bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The management of bilateral posterior fracture dislocations of the shoulder: a case series illustrating management options
Authors: Uppal Harpal S , Robinson Peter W , Packham Iain , Crowther Mark
Published: January 2016

Background

Although dislocation of the shoulder is a relatively common event, the overwhelming majority of injuries are anterior. Posterior shoulder dislocation is more uncommon, comprising between 3% and 5% of all shoulder dislocations. One percent of shoulder dislocations involve a fracture, whereas only 0.9% of the 1500 cases reported by Neer ( J Bone Joint Surg Am 1970; 52:1077–89; J Bone Joint Surg Am 1970; 52:1090–103) concerned posterior fracture dislocations. Bilateral posterior fracture dislocation is an even rarer event, comprising just 5% of all posterior fracture dislocations. Given the rarity and relative poor outcome often observed after these severe injuries, it is important that upper limb function is optimized.

Methods

Bilateral posterior fracture dislocations of the shoulder pose a difficult clinical challenge that requires careful management planning. To date, there have been three isolated case reports of using contralateral osteochondral humeral autograft and hemiarthroplasty. We report our experiences and clinical outcomes in managing four such cases using a variety and combination of treatments, including the first reported use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty with contralateral osteochondral humeral autografting.

Results

Shoulders reconstructed with humeral autograft demonstrated superior Oxford Shoulder Scores and an improved range of motion, as measured by a markerless machine vision system, compared to hemiarthroplasty.

Conclusions

Our results support the use of a contralateral humeral autograft in bilateral posterior shoulder fracture dislocation.
Does Economic Research in Education Work? For Which Studies?
Authors: Makel Matthew C. , Wai Jonathan
Published: January 2016

In their National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) working paper, “Does Gifted Education Work? For Which Students?” Card and Giuliano (C&G) made an enormous splash in not just gifted education but also the world (e.g., The Washington Post, The Atlantic, Five Thirty Eight). In this commentary, we highlight what we think C&G have done well, what they could have done better, and what the field can learn from their economic perspectives and approaches to the evaluation of gifted education.
Polytetrafluoroethylene Ingestion as a Way to Increase Food Volume and Hence Satiety Without Increasing Calorie Content
Authors: Naftalovich Rotem , Naftalovich Daniel , Greenway Frank L.
Published: January 2016

Since satiety is largely due to stretch of the stomach and people tend to eat a consistent weight of food, increasing food volume and mass increases satiety. This can be achieved without increasing the calories of food by mixing food with a material that cannot be metabolized. Such a material should be inert, safe, resistant to stomach acid, lack taste, available in powder form, smooth, resistant to heat, and cost effective. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is an ideal substance for this purpose. It is a soft plastic that is widely considered to be the most inert material known and is extremely stable. Animal feeding trials showed that rats fed a diet of 25% PTFE for 90 days had no signs of toxicity and that the rats lost weight. This article publishes the data from these subchronic animal feeding trials, reviews the relevant available literature, and hypothesizes that increasing the volume of food by mixing the food with PTFE powder at a ratio of 3 parts food to 1 part PTFE by volume will substantially improve satiety and reduce caloric consumption in people.
The evolving role of response-adapted PET imaging in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Coyle Michael , Kostakoglu Lale , Evens Andrew M.
Published: January 2016

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with (FDG-PET) has a well-established role in the pre- and post-treatment staging of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), however its use as a predictive therapeutic tool via responded-adapted therapy continues to evolve. There have been a multitude of retrospective and noncontrolled clinical studies showing that early (or interim) FDG-PET is highly prognostic in HL, particularly in the advanced-stage setting. Response-adapted treatment approaches in HL are attempting to diminish toxicity for low-risk patients by minimizing therapy, and conversely, intensify treatment for high-risk patients. Results from phase III noninferiority studies in early-stage HL with negative interim FDG-PET that randomized patients to chemotherapy alone versus combined modality therapy showed a continued small improvement in progression-free survival for patients who did not receive radiation. Preliminary reports of data escalating therapy for positive interim FDG-PET in early-stage HL and for de-escalation of therapy [i.e. bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (BEACOPP)] for negative interim FDG-PET in advanced stage HL (i.e. deletion of bleomycin) have demonstrated improved outcomes. Maturation of these studies and continued follow up of all response-adapted studies are needed. Altogether, the treatment of HL remains an individualized clinical management choice for physicians and patients. Continued refinement and optimization of FDG-PET is needed, including within the context of targeted therapeutic agents. In addition, a number of new and novel techniques of functional imaging, including metabolic tumor volume and tumor proliferation, are being explored in order to enhance staging, characterization, prognostication and ultimately patient outcome.
Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and malondialdehyde level are independent risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: López-Riquelme Natividad , Alom-Poveda Jordi , Viciano-Morote Nuria , Llinares-Ibor Isabel , Tormo-Díaz Consuelo
Published: January 2016

Background:

The ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E is involved in lipid metabolism. Oxidative stress produces an increase in lipid peroxidation that has been implicated in the pathogenic cascade in Alzheimer’s disease. This study estimated the effect of the ε4 allele, malondialdehyde and lipid levels on the risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods:

A total of 41 control subjects and 73 patients with Alzheimer’s disease were recruited. The Apolipoprotein E genotype was determined by amplification of exon 4 of the Apolipoprotein E by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); malondialdehyde concentration was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and serum lipids were measured by routine photometric techniques.

Results:

Malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in Alzheimer’s disease patients independent of the Apolipoprotein E genotype and ε4 allele. The ε4 allele increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by 5.114 times and elevated malondialdehyde levels increase the risk by 9.342.

Conclusion:

The presence of ε4 allele and elevated malondialdehyde levels are independent risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. These findings support the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation and ε4 allele contribute to the pathogenic cascade in Alzheimer’s disease by different pathways.
A Review of Design and Policy Interventions to Promote Nurses’ Restorative Breaks in Health Care Workplaces
Authors: Nejati Adeleh , Shepley Mardelle , Rodiek Susan
Published: January 2016

The nursing profession in the United States is on the precipice of a crisis. Nurses are essential to the health care industry, and maintaining quality nursing care is a primary concern of today’s health care managers. Health care facilities report high rates of staff burnout and turnover, and interest in the nursing profession among younger students is declining. Health care leaders must improve nurses’ job satisfaction, performance, and retention. However, they often overlook the need for nurses’ respite and underestimate the value of well-designed staff break areas. An exhaustive and systematic literature search was conducted in the summer of 2014, and all studies found on the topic were reviewed for their relevance and quality of evidence. The existing literature about the main causes of nurses’ fatigue, barriers that prevent nurses from taking restorative breaks, and consequences of nurses’ fatigue for staff, patient, and facility outcomes demonstrates the pressing need for interventions that improve nurses’ working conditions. Additional literature on the restorative effects of breaks and the value of well-designed break areas indicates that efforts to improve breakroom design can play an important role in improving nurses’ job satisfaction and performance.
Commercial Truck Driver Health and Safety
Authors: Stavrinos Despina , Heaton Karen , Welburn Sharon C. , McManus Benjamin , Griffin Russell , Fine Philip R.
Published: January 2016

Reducing distracters detrimental to commercial truck driving is a critical component of improving the safety performance of commercial drivers, and makes the highways safer for all drivers. This study used a driving simulator to examine effects of cell phone, texting, and email distractions as well as self-reported driver optimism bias on the driving performance of commercial truck drivers. Results revealed that more visually demanding tasks were related to poorer driving performance. However, the cell phone task resulted in less off-the-road eye glances. Drivers reporting being “very skilled” displayed poorer driving performance than those reporting being “skilled.” Onboard communication devices provide a practical, yet visually and manually demanding, solution for connecting drivers and dispatchers. Trucking company policies should minimize interaction between dispatchers and drivers when the truck is in motion. Training facilities should integrate driving simulators into the instruction of commercial drivers, targeting over-confident drivers.
DNAism: exploring genomic datasets on the web with Horizon Charts
Authors: Rio Deiros David , Gibbs Richard A. , Rogers Jeffrey
Published: January 2016

Background

Computational biologists daily face the need to explore massive amounts of genomic data. New visualization techniques can help researchers navigate and understand these big data. Horizon Charts are a relatively new visualization method that, under the right circumstances, maximizes data density without losing graphical perception.

Results

Horizon Charts have been successfully applied to understand multi-metric time series data. We have adapted an existing JavaScript library (Cubism) that implements Horizon Charts for the time series domain so that it works effectively with genomic datasets. We call this new library DNAism.

Conclusions

Horizon Charts can be an effective visual tool to explore complex and large genomic datasets. Researchers can use our library to leverage these techniques to extract additional insights from their own datasets.
Comparing Intelligence Quotient Change After Treatment With Proton Versus Photon Radiation Therapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Authors: Kahalley Lisa S. , Ris M. Douglas , Grosshans David R. , Okcu M. Fatih , Paulino Arnold C. , Chintagumpala Murali , Moore Bartlett D. , Guffey Danielle , Minard Charles G. , Stancel Heather H. , Mahajan Anita
Published: January 2016

Purpose

Compared with photon radiation (XRT), proton beam radiation therapy (PBRT) reduces dose to normal tissues, which may lead to better neurocognitive outcomes. We compared change in intelligence quotient (IQ) over time in pediatric patients with brain tumors treated with PBRT versus XRT.

Patients and Methods

IQ scores were available for 150 patients (60 had received XRT, 90 had received PBRT). Linear mixed models examined change in IQ over time since radiation therapy (RT) by RT group, controlling for demographic/clinical characteristics. Craniospinal and focal RT subgroups were also examined.

Results

In the PBRT group, no change in IQ over time was identified (P = .130), whereas in the XRT group, IQ declined by 1.1 points per year (P = .004). IQ slopes did not differ between groups (P = .509). IQ was lower in the XRT group (by 8.7 points) versus the PBRT group (P = .011). In the craniospinal subgroup, IQ remained stable in both the PBRT (P = .203) and XRT groups (P = .060), and IQ slopes did not differ (P = .890). IQ was lower in the XRT group (by 12.5 points) versus the PBRT group (P = .004). In the focal subgroup, IQ scores remained stable in the PBRT group (P = .401) but declined significantly in the XRT group by 1.57 points per year (P = .026). IQ slopes did not differ between groups (P = .342).

Conclusion

PBRT was not associated with IQ decline or impairment, yet IQ slopes did not differ between the PBRT and XRT groups. It remains unclear if PBRT results in clinically meaningful cognitive sparing that significantly exceeds that of modern XRT protocols. Additional long-term data are needed to fully understand the neurocognitive impact of PBRT in survivors of pediatric brain tumors.
Overall Survival and Durable Responses in Patients With BRAF V600–Mutant Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Dabrafenib Combined With Trametinib
Authors: Long Georgina V. , Weber Jeffrey S. , Infante Jeffrey R. , Kim Kevin B. , Daud Adil , Gonzalez Rene , Sosman Jeffrey A. , Hamid Omid , Schuchter Lynn , Cebon Jonathan , Kefford Richard F. , Lawrence Donald , Kudchadkar Ragini , Burris Howard A. , Falchook Gerald S. , Algazi Alain , Lewis Karl , Puzanov Igor , Ibrahim Nageatte , Sun Peng , Cunningham Elizabeth , Kline Amy S. , Del Buono Heather , McDowell Diane Opatt , Patel Kiran , Flaherty Keith T.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To report the overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics of BRAF inhibitor–naive long-term responders and survivors treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib in a phase I and II study of patients with BRAF V600 mutation–positive metastatic melanoma.

Methods

BRAF inhibitor–naive patients treated with dabrafenib 150 mg twice daily plus trametinib 2 mg daily (the 150/2 group) from the non–randomly assigned (part B) and randomly assigned (part C) cohorts of the study were analyzed for progression-free and OS separately. Baseline characteristics and factors on treatment were analyzed for associations with durable responses and OS.

Results

For BRAF inhibitor–naive patients in the 150/2 groups (n = 78), the progression-free survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 44%, 22%, and 18%, respectively, for part B (n = 24) and 41%, 25%, and 21%, respectively, for part C (n = 54). Median OS was 27.4 months in part B and 25 months in part C. OS at 1, 2, and 3 years was 72%, 60%, and 47%, respectively, for part B and 80%, 51%, and 38%, respectively, for part C. Prolonged survival was associated with metastases in fewer than three organ sites and lower baseline lactate dehydrogenase. OS at 3 years was 62% in patients with normal baseline lactate dehydrogenase and 63% in patients with a complete response.

Conclusion

Dabrafenib plus trametinib results in a median OS of more than 2 years in BRAF inhibitor–naive patients with BRAF V600 mutation–positive metastatic melanoma, and approximately 20% were progression free at 3 years. Durable responses occurred in patients with good prognostic features at baseline, which may be predictive.
Hearing Loss in Patients Who Received Cranial Radiation Therapy for Childhood Cancer
Authors: Bass Johnnie K. , Hua Chia-Ho , Huang Jie , Onar-Thomas Arzu , Ness Kirsten K. , Jones Skye , White Stephanie , Bhagat Shaum P. , Chang Kay W. , Merchant Thomas E.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

Patients treated with cranial radiation therapy (RT) are at risk for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Although SNHL is often characterized as a delayed consequence of anticancer therapy, longitudinal reports of SNHL in childhood cancer survivors treated with contemporary RT are limited. We report the incidence, onset, severity, and long-term trajectory of SNHL among children receiving RT. Potential risk factors for SNHL were also identified.

Patients and Methods

Serial audiologic testing was conducted on 235 pediatric patients who were treated with conformal or intensity-modulated RT as part of an institutional phase II trial for localized primary brain tumors, including craniopharyngioma, ependymoma, and juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. All but one patient had measurable cochlear radiation dose (CRD) greater than 0 Gy. The median follow-up from RT initiation to latest audiogram was 9 years with a median of 11 post-RT audiograms per patient. Audiograms were classified by the Chang Ototoxicity Grading Scale. Progression was defined by an increase in Chang grade from SNHL onset to the most recent evaluation.

Results

At last evaluation, SNHL was prevalent in 14% of patients: 2.1% had mild and 11.9% had significant SNHL requiring hearing aids. Median time from RT to SNHL onset was 3.6 years (range, 0.4 to 13.2 years). Among 29 patients with follow-up evaluations after SNHL onset, 65.5% experienced continued decline in hearing sensitivity in either ear and 34.5% had no change. Younger age at RT initiation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.32; 95% CI, 1.21 to 4.46), higher CRD (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.11), and cerebrospinal fluid shunting (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.78) were associated with SNHL.

Conclusion

SNHL is a late effect of RT that likely worsens over time. Long-term audiologic follow-up for a minimum of 10 years post-RT is recommended.
PROCLAIM: Randomized Phase III Trial of Pemetrexed-Cisplatin or Etoposide-Cisplatin Plus Thoracic Radiation Therapy Followed by Consolidation Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Senan Suresh , Brade Anthony , Wang Lu-hua , Vansteenkiste Johan , Dakhil Shaker , Biesma Bonne , Martinez Aguillo Maite , Aerts Joachim , Govindan Ramaswamy , Rubio-Viqueira Belén , Lewanski Conrad , Gandara David , Choy Hak , Mok Tony , Hossain Anwar , Iscoe Neill , Treat Joseph , Koustenis Andrew , San Antonio Bélen , Chouaki Nadia , Vokes Everett
Published: January 2016

Purpose

The phase III PROCLAIM study evaluated overall survival (OS) of concurrent pemetrexed-cisplatin and thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) followed by consolidation pemetrexed, versus etoposide-cisplatin and TRT followed by nonpemetrexed doublet consolidation therapy.

Patients and Methods

Patients with stage IIIA/B unresectable nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer randomly received (1:1) pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks for three cycles plus concurrent TRT (60 to 66 Gy) followed by pemetrexed consolidation every 3 weeks for four cycles (arm A), or standard therapy with etoposide 50 mg/m2 and cisplatin 50 mg/m2 intravenously, every 4 weeks for two cycles plus concurrent TRT (60 to 66 Gy) followed by two cycles of consolidation platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (arm B). The primary objective was OS. The study was designed as a superiority trial with 80% power to detect an OS hazard ratio of 0.74 with a type 1 error of .05.

Results

Enrollment was stopped early because of futility. Five hundred ninety-eight patients were randomly assigned (301 to arm A, 297 to arm B) and 555 patients (283 in arm A, 272 in arm B) were treated. Arm A was not superior to arm B in terms of OS (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.20; median, 26.8 v 25.0 months; P = .831). Arm A had a significantly lower incidence of any drug-related grade 3 to 4 adverse events (64.0% v 76.8%; P = .001), including neutropenia (24.4% v 44.5%; P < .001), during the overall treatment period.

Conclusion

Pemetrexed-cisplatin combined with TRT followed by consolidation pemetrexed was not superior to standard chemoradiotherapy for stage III unresectable nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Can Normalize Thyroid Function in a Cystinosis Mouse Model
Authors: Gaide Chevronnay H. P. , Janssens V. , Van Der Smissen P. , Rocca C. J. , Liao X. H. , Refetoff S. , Pierreux C. E. , Cherqui S. , Courtoy P. J.
Published: January 2016

Hypothyroidism is the most frequent and earliest endocrine complication in cystinosis, a multisystemic lysosomal storage disease caused by defective transmembrane cystine transporter, cystinosin (CTNS gene). We recently demonstrated in Ctns−/− mice that altered thyroglobulin biosynthesis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, combined with defective lysosomal processing, caused hypothyroidism. In Ctns−/− kidney, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation provides long-term functional and structural protection. Tissue repair involves transfer of cystinosin-bearing lysosomes from HSCs differentiated as F4/80 macrophages into deficient kidney tubular cells, via tunneling nanotubes that cross basement laminae. Here we evaluated the benefit of HSC transplantation for cystinotic thyroid and investigated the underlying mechanisms. HSC engraftment in Ctns−/− thyroid drastically decreased cystine accumulation, normalized the TSH level, and corrected the structure of a large fraction of thyrocytes. In the thyroid microenvironment, HSCs differentiated into a distinct, mixed macrophage/dendritic cell lineage expressing CD45 and major histocompatibility complex II but low CD11b and F4/80. Grafted HSCs closely apposed to follicles and produced tunneling nanotube-like extensions that crossed follicular basement laminae. HSCs themselves further squeezed into follicles, allowing extensive contact with thyrocytes, but did not transdifferentiate into Nkx2.1-expressing cells. Our observations revealed significant differences of basement lamina porosity between the thyroid and kidney and/or intrinsic macrophage invasive properties once in the thyroid microenvironment. The contrast between extensive thyrocyte protection and low HSC abundance at steady state suggests multiple sequential encounters and/or remanent impact. This is the first report demonstrating the potential of HSC transplantation to correct thyroid disease and supports a major multisystemic benefit of stem cell therapy for cystinosis.
MEF2C regulates outflow tract alignment and transcriptional control of Tdgf1
Authors: Barnes Ralston M. , Harris Ian S. , Jaehnig Eric J. , Sauls Kimberly , Sinha Tanvi , Rojas Anabel , Schachterle William , McCulley David J. , Norris Russell A. , Black Brian L.
Published: January 2016

Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defects in humans, and defects that affect the proper alignment of the outflow tracts and septation of the ventricles are a highly significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. A late differentiating population of cardiac progenitors, referred to as the anterior second heart field (AHF) gives rise to the outflow tract and the majority of the right ventricle and provides an embryological context for understanding cardiac outflow tract alignment and membranous ventricular septal defects. However, the transcriptional pathways controlling AHF development and their roles in congenital heart defects remain incompletely elucidated. Here, we inactivated the gene encoding the transcription factor MEF2C in the AHF in mice. Loss of Mef2c function in the AHF results in a spectrum of outflow tract alignment defects ranging from overriding aorta to double-outlet right ventricle and dextro-transposition of the great arteries. We identify Tdgf1, the gene that encodes the Nodal co-receptor Cripto, as a direct transcriptional target of MEF2C in the outflow tract via an AHF-restricted Tdgf1 enhancer. Importantly, both the MEF2C and TDGF1 genes are associated with congenital heart defects in humans. Thus, these studies establish a direct transcriptional pathway between the core cardiac transcription factor MEF2C and the human congenital heart disease gene TDGF1. Moreover, we found a range of outflow tract alignment defects resulting from a single genetic lesion, supporting the idea that AHF-derived outflow tract alignment defects may be an embryological spectrum rather than distinct anomalies.
Las inversiones térmicas y la contaminación atmosférica en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (México)
Authors: García-Guadalupe Mario Enrique , Ramírez-Sánchez Hermes Ulises , Ulloa Godínez Héctor , Arias S. , Pérez A.
Published: January 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el comportamiento de las inversiones térmicas y contaminantes atmosféricos en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG) durante el periodo 2005-2007. Se analizó la información de las inversiones térmicas (estación CNA colomos) y concentraciones de los contaminantes: monóxido de carbono, bióxido de nitrógeno, ozono, bióxido de azufre y partículas menores a 10 micras de las ocho estaciones de la Red de Monitoreo Atmosférico del Gobierno de Jalisco. Los resultados mostraron relación significativa entre los días con inversión térmica de gran espesor y duración con la acumulación de contaminantes, lo cual provoca que se incrementen los índices de contaminación en la zona. Los meses con presencia importante de inversiones térmicas y contaminación elevada ocurrieron durante las estaciones de invierno y primavera (noviembre-mayo). Una conclusión relevante es que las inversiones térmicas fuertes han sido factor en elevados índices de contaminación en la ZMG.
LATOUCHE, S. (2012): Salir de la sociedad de consumo. Voces y vías del crecimiento, Barcelona, Octaedro, 206 pp.
Authors: Feo Parrondo Francisco
Published: January 2016

Serge Latouche, profesor emérito de Economía en la Universidad de Orsay, analiza en la obra aquí reseñada, las posibilidades de salir de la sociedad de consumo de masas mediante la construcción de una civilización de sobriedad voluntaria y de autolimitación de la demanda mundializada, objetivos ideales en buena medida pero creemos que muy utópicos para convencer a una población habituada y deseosa de alcanzar dicho consumo masivo y el de productos innovadores que constantemente se ofertan, especialmente en los países desarrollados, y que se globalizan bastante rápidamente. Como en otras publicaciones anteriores, Latouche analiza la construcción de una civilización de sobriedad voluntaria y de autolimitación como alternativas al atolladero de la sociedad de crecimiento.
Female-Femmeing: A Gender-Bent Performance Practice
Authors: Heller Meredith
Published: January 2016

It is common for female-identified individuals to perform feminine acts—what I term “female-femmeing”—at contemporary drag king and queer drag shows. Although some scholarship has acknowledged the presence of these acts, a woman’s onstage (and offstage) femininity is frequently considered nontransgressive, nonqueer, and not gender-bending. This article first interrogates why femininity is often presumed to mean social alignment, and then demonstrates how some femininities actively contest this. Pairing Muñoz’s characterization of disidentification with ethnography from drag shows in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Oakland (2008–2012), I illustrate several ways female-femmeing bends or expands hegemonic femininity. These acts not only add complexity to a queer counterpublic drag space, but also, I suggest, encourage the consideration of all identities, including femininity, as potentially queer. The acceptance of female-femmeing as queer, and the expansion of drag narratives to meet these practices, is an important step toward a queer world ideology.
Two “Gaysian” Junior Faculty Talking about Experience: A Collaborative Autoethnography
Authors: Eguchi Shinsuke , Spieldenner Andrew
Published: January 2016

As junior faculty of color, we face multiple racialized, gendered, and class challenges in higher education. To explicate the nuances of junior faculty experiences, we explore and interrogate our embodied performances as “gaysian” (gay and Asian) through the framework of complex intersectionalities. We engage in embodied performance strategies such as silence and humor to navigate the hierarchy and engage critical pedagogy in the classroom. We argue that negotiating the hegemonic relations of power and privilege is a complicated process in the classroom with students.
Marital fidelity and congregation of Indian sarus crane, Grus antigone antigone in and around Alwara lake of district Kaushambi (Uttar Pradesh), India
Authors: Prakash Shri , Verma Ashok Kumar
Published: January 2016

Sarus crane is a monogamous bird and well known as an eternal symbol of unconditional love, devotion and good fortune. Its occurrence represents a healthy wetland ecosystem. These cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds belonging to family: Gruidae, order: Gruiformes, class: Aves and phylum: Chordata. Indian Sarus Crane, Grus antigone antigone is the largest of the crane species found in India. These water birds prefer open habitat like marsh areas, abundantly irrigated paddy fields, grass land and river banks as these areas suit them for foraging, roosting and nesting. It has been showing an increasing population trends in this wetland because its habitat is well suited for its population growth. The present study concerns the survey of Indian Sarus Crane in and around Alwara Lake of District Kaushambi (U.P.) during 2014 with special reference to marital fidelity and congregation. The authors reported a congregation of maximum up to 155 cranes during the study period.
Degradation of TiB2/TiC Composites in Liquid Nd and Molten NdF3–LiF–Nd2O3 System
Authors: Wang Huihua , Su Lijuan , Wang Deyong , Qu Tianpeng , Tu Ganfeng
Published: January 2016

The degradation of titanium diboride (TiB2)/titanium carbide (TiC) composites in the liquid Nd and molten NdF3–Nd2O3–LiF salts is investigated at 1,060 °C, respectively. The penetration of TiB2/TiC composites by liquid Nd mainly depended on the grain boundaries and residual pores, even if the coherent interface is formed between TiB2and TiC. The oxidation of TiB2led to further interfacial chemistry reactions, which speeded up the degradation of TiB2/TiC composites at the initial stage in NdF3–LiF–Nd2O3system. After that, the degradation was slowed because of the formation of diffusion boundary layer, and then chemical penetration was replaced gradually by the physical penetration. The dissolved Ti in liquid Nd and NdF3–LiF–Nd2O3melts are used to evaluate the corrosion rate of TiB2/TiC composites, and the calculated values were about 0.56 and 7.8 mm/year, respectively. After the penetration by liquid Nd and NdF3–LiF–Nd2O3melts, the bending strengths of TiB2/TiC composites decreased and the fracture mode changed from transgranular to intergranular due to the decreased grain boundary force.
Quantification and monetary valuation of urban ecosystem services in Munich, Germany
Authors: Aevermann Tim , Schmude Jürgen
Published: January 2016

Urban green spaces provide ecosystem services that can be used by the local population. The valuation of these ecosystem services in urban areas gives information for stakeholders and decision-makers to improve urban planning processes. In addition, this information can be used to provide a better understanding of how urban green spaces should be managed. In this study, we quantify and monetize four ecosystem services (carbon sequestration and storage, air pollution removal, runoff reduction, groundwater recharge) provided by the urban green space of Schlosspark Nymphenburg in Munich, Germany. We classify four different land cover types (tree, grass/herbaceous, water, impervious) to calculate different amounts of ecosystem services according to the land cover type. In addition, we quantify the maintenance costs which this urban green space causes to the city of Munich. The interpretation, communication and risks of valuations studies are discussed.
(Post-)Konstruktivistische Perspektiven in der Finanzgeographie – Einführung zum Themenheft
Authors: Scheuplein Christoph , Zademach Hans-Martin
Published: January 2016

(Post-)Constructivist perspectives in financial geography - introduction to the special issue. Economic activities in the financial sector are heavily dependent on social values, attitudes and routines. Recent advances in financial geography and neighbouring disciplines, most notably constructivist approaches, put forth remarkable achievements that improve our prospects in conceptualising the societal aspects of financial activities in general and financial places in specific. This editorial paper provides an overview on these advances and reflects on both the strength and weakness and the methodological foundations of constructivist approaches in studying financial geographies against the background of longer-term epistemological developments.
Performative Praktiken am Kapitalmarkt
Authors: Ilgaz Sabuha , Zademach Hans-Martin
Published: January 2016

Performative capital market practices. The case of socially responsible investments in Germany. Socially responsible investment (SRI), also referred to as sustainable, responsible or impact investing, is an investment discipline that does not only take conventional financial criteria into account (most notably return, risk and liquidity), but also puts emphasis on environmental, social, governance (ESG) considerations to generate long-term competitive financial returns and positive societal impact. Key instrument in this market are so-called sustainability ratings which seek to assess the economic, environmental and social values and performance of potential investment objects. Such ratings are produced by a worldwide growing, but still limited number of private rating agencies that offer a dazzling variety of - in some cases even contradictory - ratings, rankings, indices and awards that have an enormous potential to influence investment decisions of all kind of investors. Applying a cultural geographies of economies approach, the paper in-hand aims to shed new light on this particular group of financial agents and their particular practices. It presents original qualitative data from Germany that delivers insights on the different ways these agencies follow in their assessments, how they define, operationalize and perform the notion of sustainability, and how effective they are in actually contributing to a more sustainable world.
Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Host Recognition, Attachment, and Degradation in the Mycoparasite Tolypocladium ophioglossoides
Authors: Quandt C Alisha , Di Yanming , Elser Justin , Jaiswal Pankaj , Spatafora Joseph W
Published: January 2016

The ability of a fungus to infect novel hosts is dependent on changes in gene content, expression, or regulation. Examining gene expression under simulated host conditions can explore which genes may contribute to host jumping. Insect pathogenesis is the inferred ancestral character state for species of Tolypocladium, however several species are parasites of truffles, including Tolypocladium ophioglossoides. To identify potentially crucial genes in this interkingdom host switch, T. ophioglossoides was grown on four media conditions: media containing the inner and outer portions of its natural host (truffles of Elaphomyces), cuticles from an ancestral host (beetle), and a rich medium (Yeast Malt). Through high-throughput RNASeq of mRNA from these conditions, many differentially expressed genes were identified in the experiment. These included PTH11-related G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) hypothesized to be involved in host recognition, and also found to be upregulated in insect pathogens. A divergent chitinase with a signal peptide was also found to be highly upregulated on media containing truffle tissue, suggesting an exogenous degradative activity in the presence of the truffle host. The adhesin gene, Mad1, was highly expressed on truffle media as well. A BiNGO analysis of overrepresented GO terms from genes expressed during each growth condition found that genes involved in redox reactions and transmembrane transport were the most overrepresented during T. ophioglossoides growth on truffle media, suggesting their importance in growth on fungal tissue as compared to other hosts and environments. Genes involved in secondary metabolism were most highly expressed during growth on insect tissue, suggesting that their products may not be necessary during parasitism of Elaphomyces. This study provides clues into understanding genetic mechanisms underlying the transition from insect to truffle parasitism.
Validación de apariencia, contenido y consistencia interna de la Escala de Apreciación de Agencia de Autocuidado (ASA) para Costa Rica, segunda versión en español para población conocida sana
Authors: Leiva Díaz Viriam , Cubillo Vargas Kenneth , Porras Gutiérrez Yuliany , Ramírez Villegas Tatiana , Sirias Wong Isabel
Published: January 2016

Introducción. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos del proceso de validación de apariencia, contenido y consistencia interna al que fue sometida la segunda versión en español de la escala ASA con población costarricense conocida sana. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal, de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental y psicométrico, realizado con una muestra de 105 personas en etapa de adultez temprana, intermedia y tardía. Resultado. La investigación determinó que el estudio factorial (método ACP) con rotación Varimax sugirió el análisis con cinco ejes factoriales que explican el 60,03% de la varianza total en Costa Rica. Del resultado de los dominios anteriores, se destaca que en la mayoría de ellos predomina la categoría relacionada al requisito universal de prevención de peligros contra la vida, el funcionamiento y bienestar humano. Conclusión. En Costa Rica, la enfermería puede contar con un instrumento válido y confiable para medir la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado en las personas conocidas sanas que se encuentran en la etapa de la adultez.
Propuesta de enfermería con terapias complementarias para el abordaje de riesgos psicosociales a nivel laboral
Authors: Ceballos Vásquez Paula Andrea , Vílchez-Barboza Vivian , Valenzuela-Suazo Sandra
Published: January 2016

Introducción: Es reconocido que el trabajo genera efectos positivos en las personas como seguridad económica, bienestar y satisfacción, aspectos que ofrecen beneficios en todo ámbito, inclusive en la salud. A pesar de lo anterior, el mundo laboral en la actualidad exige tomar decisiones, pensar críticamente, liderar, además de poseer conocimientos para ejecutar las labores en forma eficiente y eficaz, lo cual puede producir sobrecarga y disconfort que afectan física, psicológica y socialmente a un individuo.Desarrollo: El propósito de este trabajo es aportar al enfrentamiento de los riesgos psicosociales en el ámbito laboral, por medio de la utilización de terapias complementarias y/o alternativas desde la disciplina de Enfermería. Se postula que la enfermería posee un campo de saberes, ligados al cuidado holístico y a la promoción en salud, por ello se toma el marco legal actual y las bases disciplinares de Enfermería, las cuales dan soporte a la implementación de terapias complementarias o alternativas en salud laboral.Conclusión: Como consideraciones finales, se destaca que las bases disciplinares de la enfermería abogan por el cuidado de los trabajadores a través del uso de terapias complementaria, de modo que otorgue fundamentos teóricos y científicos al área de salud laboral para enfrentar los riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo desde una mirada trasformadora.
Transamination in syncytiotrophoblast of placenta villi in parturient women who suffered the acute form of cmvi at the third trimester of gestation
Authors: Lutsenko Mikhail Timofeevich , Andrievskaya Irina Anatol'evna
Published: January 2016

Aim: to study the process of proteins transamination in syncytiotrophoblast of placenta villi of women who suffered the acute form of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy.Methods: 30 pregnant women with CMV infection recurrence at the 25–28th week of pregnancy were examined. The activity of γ-glutamyltransferase in the peripheral blood of pregnant women was determined by spectrophotometry at the device «Stat-Fax-2100» (The USA). Hsp-70 and caspase-3 in placenta homogenate were found out with serological methods. The activity of glutamatdehydrogenase and pyridoxal-5-phosphatase was studied with histochemical method of Z. Loyd at the placenta slice of parturient women. The apoptotic changes in syncytiotrophoblast nuclei were defined by ISEL-method.Results. The peripheral blood of CMV-seropositive parturient women showed a reduction of γ-glutamyltransferase in 1.30 times. Histochemically we identified the reduction of reaction products' concentration in response to pyridoxal-5-phosphate by 2.14 times, to glutamatdehydrogenase by 1,57 times. At the same time there was an increase of caspase-3 in 2,8 times and reduction of Hsp70 in 2.6 times in placenta homogenate. The number of apoptotic changes in syncytiotrophoblast nuclei increased by 4 times.Conclusion. Worsening of CMV infection in the period 25–28 weeks of pregnancy leads to disruption of amino acid metabolism in the placenta, causing structural and functional and metabolic adjustment, and is one of the reasons for slow growth and lack of development of the fetus.
Bacterial Translocation from Intestine: Microbiological, Immunological and Pathophysiological Aspects
Authors: Podoprigora Gennadiy Ignat'evich , Kafarskaya Lyudmila Ivanovna , Baynov Nikolay Alekseevich , Shkoporov Andrey Nikolaevich
Published: January 2016

Bacterial translocation (BT) is both pathology and physiology phenomenon. In healthy newborns it accompanies the process of establishing the autochthonous intestinal microbiota and the host microbiome. In immunodeficiency it can be an aethio-pathogenetic link and a manifestation of infection or septic complications. The host colonization resistance to exogenous microbic colonizers is provided by gastrointestinal microbiota in concert with complex constitutional and adaptive defense mechanisms. BT may be result of barrier dysfunction and self-purification mechanisms involving the host myeloid cell phagocytic system and opsonins. Dynamic cell humoral response to microbial molecular patterns that occurs on the mucous membranes initiates receptor signaling pathways and cascade of reactions. Their vector and results are largely determined by cross-reactivity between microbiome and the host genome. Enterocyte barriers interacting with microbiota play leading role in providing adaptive, homeostatic and stress host reactivity. Microcirculatory ischemic tissue alterations and inflammatory reactions increase the intestinal barrier permeability and BT. These processes a well as mechanisms for apoptotic cells and bacteria clearance are justified to be of prospective research interest. The inflammatory and related diseases caused by alteration and dysfunction of the intestinal barrier are reasonably considered as diseases of single origin. Maternal microbiota affects the formation of the innate immune system and the microbiota of the newborn, including intestinal commensal translocation during lactation. Deeper understanding of intestinal barrier mechanisms needs complex microbiological, immunological, pathophysiological, etc. investigations using adequate biomodels, including gnotobiotic animals.
SOCIOPOÉTICA E FORMAÇÃO DO PESQUISADOR INTEGRAL
Authors: Gauthier Jacques
Published: January 2016

Ao considerar os limites cognitivos da entrevista e as relações de poder que caracterizam as pesquisas acadêmicas foi criada a sociopoética, voltada para a constituição de grupos-pesquisadores atores e sujeitos da pesquisa, com valorização das culturas populares e de resistência, mobilização do corpo inteiro como fonte de conhecimentos, utilização de técnicas artísticas de pesquisa e dialogicidade na interação entre a academia e as comunidades anfitriões da pesquisa. O autor justifica teoricamente essa abordagem e expõe os passos de realização de uma pesquisa, desde a negociação inicial até a socialização, insistindo sobre os diversos momentos, analíticos e intuitivos, sensíveis, emotivos e racionais da criação coletiva e cooperativa do conhecimento. Além de uma forte referência à filosofia de Deleuze e Guattari estão expostas técnicas e noções originais que, além dos problemas, conceitos e personagens conceituais que encontramos em obras filosóficas acadêmicas, caracterizam as pesquisas sociopoéticas.
O FUTURO DA PSICOLOGIA BRASILEIRA: uma questão de projeto político
Authors: Rechtman Raizel
Published: January 2016

Este estudo tem como objetivo traçar algumas perspectivas sobre o futuro da psicologia brasileira. Para tanto, será apresentada uma análise histórica e política sobre o surgimento da psicologia no Brasil, o perfil e atuação da(o) psicóloga(o) e formação em psicologia em nosso país. A partir destas análises, torna-se clara a indissociabilidade entre formação, ciência e profissão, a influência do projeto de profissão na construção da psicologia e a necessidade de posicionamento da categoria em assumir o seu futuro.
AS PSICÓLOGAS NO SUAS: MOBILIZANDO RECURSOS PARA UMA ATUAÇÃO COM COMPROMISSO SOCIAL
Authors: Santos Luane Neves
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre a inserção da psicologia na assistência social, buscando evidenciar recursos e elementos necessários para a constituição de uma atuação consolidada no “compromisso social”. Para tanto, discutirá a realidade social brasileira em seu caráter de forte desigualdade social, apresentando as condições históricas para a constituição do Sistema Único da Assistência Social (SUAS) enquanto política pública que intenciona o enfrentamento desse processo. Retomará a trajetória da construção da psicologia como ciência e profissão, na qual convivem projetos ético-políticos distintos, que valorizam o compromisso com as elites ou com a transformação da realidade social brasileira, e se expressam na formação do profissional, nutrindo valores e práticas diversas. Com base em pesquisa realizada com psicólogas que atuam no SUAS serão apresentadas reflexões acerca de recursos e elementos necessários para a constituição de uma atuação consistente na assistência social. Reflexões que: a) apontam para o reconhecimento da complexidade da atuação dessa profissional no SUAS, situando a importância da produção de novas metodologias de trabalho, principalmente aquelas que trabalham com dispositivos grupais; b) focam na formação interdisciplinar; c) enfatizam a importância da profissional produzir leituras críticas e complexas sobre a realidade social brasileira, marcada por forte desigualdade, considerando que os pensamentos são orientadores da ação e dos significados que as psicólogas constituem para explicar os fenômenos. Ou seja, na leitura da realidade que essas profissionais produzem, também se encontram os limites, as potencialidades, e por assim dizer, o horizonte no qual serão construídas as intervenções.
La protección de la potencia más feliz de la tierra...
Authors: Vázquez Olivera Mario
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo se examinan los esfuerzos del gobierno centroamericano , entre 1823 y 1826 , por establecer una alianza con el gobierno estadunidense ante las acechanzas de vecinos mas poderosos como México y Colombia que buscaban medrar a costa de la República Federal de Centroamerica para ensanchar sus territorios. Tales esfuerzos fracasaron debido al escaso interes de Washington por involucrarse en los conflictos Iimitrofes entre Ios nacientes paises hispanoamericanos.
Peter A. Hargous y la TRC en 1852 o de cómo tratar de recuperar una concesión y fracasar en el intento
Authors: Suárez Argüello Ana Rosa
Published: January 2016

El artículo presenta a la Tehuantepec Railroad Compan y, empresa estadunidense que quiso construir una via de comunicación interoceánica en el istmo de Tehuantepec; refiere cómo sus propietarios lucharon por conservar la concesión que el Congreso de México había anulado , y revisa Los recursos que se emplearon para hacer ruido , obtener el apoyo del Senado y obligar a la administración de Millard Fillmore a intervenir en su favor
Los estados confederados de América: carácter nacional y política exterior hacia México, 1861
Authors: Gurza Lavalle Gerardo
Published: January 2016

Al inicio de la guerra de secesón en Estados Unidos, los estados confederados trataron de legitimar su lucha independentista mediante la consagración de ciertos principios, valores y creencias que debían constituir la base Ideológica de la nueva nación. Esa ideología nacional ejerció una influencia considerable en la actuación de la efímera república sureña en la escena internacional y particularmente, en sus relaciones con México