bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEACHER SELF-EFFICACY AS A MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE AND PRESCHOOL TEACHERS’ COMMITMENT
Authors: Im Kan Phaik , Peng Chew Fong , Hutagalung Fonny Dameaty
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Since preschool education is the cornerstone of change and overall development of children, it is a very important phase that prepares them before they enter the school world. Thus, the development and expansion of preschool programs need to be given further attention and improvement of the quality of services to the community. Teachers' emotional competence and self-efficacy are closely related to teacher commitment. Therefore, it is important for us to identify the relationship between preschool teachers’ emotional competence and teachers' commitment as well as to investigate the mediating effect of teachers’ self-efficacy to perform their role toward developing children's potential holistically. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of teachers’ self-efficacy between the relationship of emotional competence and self-efficacy of teachers with the commitment of preschool teachers in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. This study was based on the Emotional Competency Theory developed by Goleman (2001), the Self-Efficacy Model by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001) as well as the Teacher Commitment Model by Thien et al. (2014).
 
Methodology: The methodology used was a survey study involving 428 preschool teachers in the state of Selangor who were selected through cluster sampling and convenient sampling to answer a set of questionnaire through Google Forms. The instrument was validated by six experts and a pilot study was conducted on 75 samples of preschool teachers in the Klang district. Data collected were analyzed quantitatively using IBM SPSS V23.0 & Smart-PLS 3.0.
 
Findings: The results of structural model analysis showed that the relationship between emotional competence, self-efficacy and commitment was positively significant and teacher self-efficacy served as a partially mediating effect in the relationship between emotional competence and teacher commitment.
 
Contributions: The previous studies of emotional competence, self-efficacy, and commitment were in the field of education in general and did not focus on preschool education. Based on the issues and long-term implications of the quality of preschool education, this study provided an improved new model to fill the research gap in the field of early childhood education to improve the quality of continuing education.
 
Keywords:  Commitment, early childhood education, emotional competence, mediator, preschool teacher, self-efficacy.
 
Cite as: Phaik Im, K., Fong Peng, C., & Hutagalung, F. D. (2023). Teacher self-efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between emotional competence and preschool teachers’ commitment. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 1-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp1-26
CHALLENGES AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN IMPLEMENTING GAMIFICATION APPROACH AMONG VOCATIONAL COLLEGE LECTURERS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Omar Marlissa , Ali Dayana Farzeeha , Kamaruzaman Fathiyah Mohd
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Gamification is a teaching and learning approach that is gaining popularity among teachers as a way to make classroom learning more enjoyable and engaging with the use of rewards to celebrate accomplishments. With the rise of online learning in Malaysian educational institutions, gamification is viewed as an interactive method of teaching and learning. Due to the fact that limited studies have been conducted to investigate the challenges in implementing gamification approaches among vocational instructors, it is the aim of this paper; therefore, to examine the challenges.
 
Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research method. The respondents include 55 vocational lecturers from several vocational colleges in Malaysia. A set of questionnaires was used to examine the challenges faced by the lecturers in the implementation of gamification at their institutions. Four constructs were used to differentiate the differences of the challenges, which include support, access, competency, and applicability. Data collected from this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean score and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent sample t-test) to identify the differences between gender.
 
Findings: The findings of this study indicated that the majority of vocational lecturers have moderate challenges when implementing gamification approaches in their teaching and learning based on the findings related to the constructs. In addition, it was found that there were no significant gender differences in terms of the difficulties associated with implementing gamification approaches. This study also showed that most vocational lecturers have the potential to apply gamification in their teaching based on their high competencies with adequate support and enough access given to them.
 
Contributions: The findings of the study can contribute to vocational lecturers to promote gamification approach during the learning process to increase students’ motivation.  
 
Keywords: Gamification, gender, challenges, approach, vocational.
 
Cite as: Marlissa, O., Dayana Farzeeha, A., & Fathiyah, M. K. (2023). Challenges and gender differences in implementing gamification approach among vocational college lecturers in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 123-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp123-140
FLIPPED LEARNING IN ELT: EXPERIENCES FROM OMAN
Authors: Mursi Eissa Amal Hassan , Yapar Osman Erdem , Abugohar Mohammed Abdulgalil
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Recently, flipped learning has become prevalent as a teaching and learning approach in international educational settings. A commonly cited advantage is to do self-study at home and to spend valuable classroom time on meaningful interactive learning activities. After the start of Covid-19 pandemic, the sudden transition to online teaching required many institutions to adopt a flipped learning approach. The current study was conducted at one of such institutions, namely Dhofar University in Oman. The aim of this paper is to identify the challenges met by both teachers and students using flipped learning during this transition as well as the solutions they developed to cope with them.
 
Methodology: This study implemented a mixed methods design for which the data were collected from two questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. One questionnaire was for teachers with 14 responses while the other was for students and could obtain responses from 68 students from the target population. From the list of teacher respondents, 10 were interviewed for deeper discussion of flipped learning context. The Questionnaires results were statistically calculated and descriptively analysed, whereas the interviews were thematically scrutinized.
 
Findings: The researchers found several major challenges including increased workload, lack of training, resistance to change, lacking IT skills, technical issues, non-completion of homework tasks and non-participation in live sessions. Teachers' resilience in the face of these challenges was noteworthy; especially in the form of peer support groups. The suggestions made by the teaching faculty for solutions are reported and discussed in the relevant sections of the article with reference to various research studies from different contexts.
 
Contributions: Despite the small scale and the specific context of the study, the results and discussion provide useful food for thought to educational practitioners and decision makers in wider international contexts when it comes to flipped learning challenges and coping mechanisms. 
 
Keywords: Flipped learning, ELT, challenges, solutions, higher education.
 
Cite as: Eissa, A., Yapar, O., & Abugohar, M. (2023). Flipped learning in ELT: Experiences from Oman. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 180-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp180-200
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF CLASSICAL ‎SCHOLARS TO THE THEORY OF MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ‘AH
Authors: Mohammad Monawer Abu Talib , Binti Abdul Rahman Noor Naemah , Abdullah Md. Faruk
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Several classical scholars who contributed to developing the theory of the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah are overlooked in the contemporary studies of maqāṣid. Most ‎contemporary studies focused on al-Juwaynī, al-Ghazālī and al-Shāṭibī. However, studying a theory requires investigating all the classical works that pioneered the theory without discrimination. This could provide new insights for the study of maqāṣid. This paper addresses this oversight by reviewing the works of early maqāṣid scholars, how much attention contemporary studies have paid to those scholars’ contribution, and suggests directions for future research.
 
Methodology: This study used the qualitative content analysis technique to identify the scholars who contributed to the theory of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah via a thorough reading of the history of the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah as found in contemporary literature. To trace the available studies conducted on the classical scholars and gaps in the literature, the researchers examined the catalogues, indexes, and lists collected. This study encompassed scholars who lived between the 2nd and 13th centuries when the philosophy of the maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah evolved. 
 
Findings: The theorisation of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah was initiated by al-ʿĀmirī‎, formalised by al-Juwaynī followed by al-Ghazālī and crystallised by al-Shāṭibī‎. Moreover, several other scholars contributed to the development of the theory even though they did not document their works as books. Nonetheless, most contemporary studies are confined to studying the works of the famous three scholars mentioned earlier.   
 
Contributions: It is expected that the research gap identified in this paper pertaining to studying the works of classical maqāṣid scholars may ‎serve as a springboard for future studies in this field. Most importantly, investigating the works of Imām Abū Ḥanīfah, al-Rāghib al-Aṣfahānī, Abū Zayd al-Balakhī, Abū Bakr al-Jaṣṣāṣ, Abul Ḥasan‎ Al-ʿĀmirī‎, al-Qāḍī ʿAbdul Jabbār al-Hamadhānī, Abū ‘Abdullāh Muḥammad ʿAbdur Raḥmān al-Bukhārī, Ibn Khaldūn‎ and al-Shawkānī may offer fresh perspectives on the understanding of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. 
 
Keywords: Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, classical scholars, contemporary studies, Islamic jurisprudence, research gap.
 
Cite as: Monawer, A. T. M., Rahman, N. N. A., & Abdullah, M. F. (2023). The contributions of classical ‎scholars to the theory of maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 242-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp242-265
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND ANTICIPATION OF CURRICULUM DESIGN FOR FUTURE SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Mustafa Zainun , Nurhasanah Farida , Siraj Saedah , Sinniah Deva Nanthini , Assanarkutty Shah Jahan , Mohd Sabri Wan Nor Adzmin
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: The curriculum design underwent chronological pattern adjustment globally; however, the alterations are heavily contextualized. Therefore, this article is aimed to understand how futuristic curriculum design is perceived in South East Asia (SEA). The understanding of how futuristic curriculum design is perceived in the past is achieved through retrospective examination of published documents. After identifying past trends, anticipation from historical trends refer to a systematic projection of how the curriculum would be constructed for the future generation in the SEA region.
 
Methodology: This study presents an in-depth bibliometric analysis and visual scientific mapping of 2733 published documents in a reputable database. To examine how a futuristic curriculum is regarded throughout time, temporal, geographical, institutional, partnership and keyword mapping were quantitively analyzed. The succession of events in the past and the emerging keywords visible in the present were then qualitatively assessed in order to anticipate what is viewed as future curriculum in SEA.
 
Findings: According to the findings, the design of the futuristic curriculum has changed since the 1980s in terms of 1) centricity, 2) measured dimensions, 3) technological advances to support the 4) learning dynamics between internalization, regionalization and localization. Based on past and current trends, it is anticipated that curriculum design for the future will be 1) centered on an individual as a unit of a larger society, 2) focuses on measuring the tangible and intangible one’s performances using indicators by benefitting the technologically advanced 3) seamless and self-regulated learning.
 
Contributions: The findings and recommendations of this article serves as the baseline evidences in curriculum design in SEA education ecosystem to inform pedagogy and policy by exploring new areas of research and fostering the evidence-based knowledge in education.
 
Keywords: Future studies, Southeast Asia, foresight, bibliometric, anticipatory.
 
Cite as: Zainun, M., Farida, N., Saedah, S., Deva Nanthini, S., Shah Jahan, A., & Wan Nor Adzmin, M. S. (2023). Retrospective analysis and anticipation of curriculum design for future Southeast Asia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 266-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp266-286
IMPLEMENTING MONETARY POLICY WITH APPLICATION OF SUKUK: CHALLENGES AND POLICY DIRECTIONS
Authors: Islam Md. Aminul , Nabi Md. Golzare , Nabi Rafiun , Hassan Md. Sharif
Published: July 2023

Each market economy uses monetary policy to attain certain macroeconomic goals of price stability, higher growth and employment. A market economy having an interest-based conventional banking system applies mainly interest-based tools to attain the objectives of monetary policy. In contrast, a market economy with interest-based and interest-free banking needs to apply Shariah-compliant monetary instruments vis-à-vis conventional tools for attaining the goals of the monetary policy. As there is a paucity of quality research on Sukuk-based monetary policy, the current paper will explore Shariah compliant monetary instrument ‘Sukuk’ for use as a monetary tool in dual banking, examining experiences of Shariah-based monetary operations in different countries. The paper will also examine the challenges of monetary policy operating in the dual banking system of Bangladesh with policy options for addressing the challenges.
 
Keywords: Dual banking system, monetary policy, Shariah based monetary operations, Sukuk, Qard-al-Hasan.
 
Cite as: Md. Aminul, I., Md. Golzare, N., Rafiun, N., & Md. Sharif, H. (2023). Implementing monetary policy with application of Sukuk: challenges and policy directions. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 27-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp27-43
SOCIAL MEDIA SUPPORT FOR WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Kaur Kiran , Ibrahim Noor Aireen , Wan Adnan Wan Nur Asyura
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Social media is a key source of health information. Previous studies have indicated that women with endometriosis turn to the internet for information about the condition and illness management. However, there is a dearth of study on endometriosis online supportgroups. In contrast, studies examining the role of online support groups for other long-termconditions have been extensive.  Addressing this gap, a systematic review of research on endometriosis support groups on social media and its efficacy were conducted.
 
Methodology: Using a qualitative systematic review method and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P)., research database namely Research Gate, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Jstore, PubMed were manually searched using keywords such as "social support," "endometriosis support online," and "Facebook support & online communication". The review examined research related to endometriosis support on Facebook. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 full-text papers were extracted from the initial 200 publications found. 36 papers were selected following the appraisal stage and thematically analysed. 
 
Findings: Social media platform namely Endometriosis Facebook support groups are found to set expectations, provide education, and highlight ways to manage chronic illness. Three prominent themes were identified: (1) topics related to social media support groups, (2) efficiency of Virtual Help Communities for Endometriosis Patients, and (3) forms of support that women with endometriosis require.
 
Contributions: The findings support two primary points. Endometriosis Facebook support groups educate women about the illness, connects them with others in similar situations, and promotes illness discussion and networking, hence pointing to the potential benefit of Facebook support groups as a platform to provide both support and education. 
 
Keywords: Health communication, women health research, social media, online support, endometriosis.
 
Cite as:  Kaur, K., Ibrahim, N. A., & Wan Adnan, W. N. A. (2023). Social media support for women with endometriosis: A systematic review. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(1), 287-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp287-313
THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF CHINESE WOMEN IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors: Ramli Nurul Asmaa , Ismail Hanim , Kamalbatcha Zainebbeevi
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Chinese women in Peninsular Malaysia exhibit a passive political culture. This is evidenced by the number of Chinese women in Parliament and Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN). Despite that Chinese community-based political parties have established a 30 per cent quota to empower the political participation of women, the target quota has yet to be achieved as of today. Therefore, the present study discussed the indicators that influence the political culture of Chinese women in Peninsular Malaysia. Among the important indicators that affect political culture is the political socialisation agents.
 
Methodology: In this qualitative research design, data were collected using a semi-structured interview method. The Interviews were conducted with a total of ten participants, namely seven Chinese women political representatives, one Chinese women Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) activist, one academician, and one men politician who served in Peninsular Malaysia. The data obtained through interviews underwent a transcription process which was then coded and themed.
 
Findings: The themes were divided into two categories, namely the internal political socialisation agents and the external political socialisation agents. Internal political socialisation agents consisted of education, economy, culture, religion, family, and gender, whereas external political socialisation agents consisted of NGOs/associations, political parties, and the community. A model, Political Socialisation Agent Model for Chinese women, based on the Intersectionality Dimension Theory was developed to illustrate the relationship between the internal and the external political socialisation agents that shape the political attitudes and behaviours of Chinese women.
 
Contributions: The present study contributes to the advancement of knowledge on the political culture of Chinese women residing in Malaysia. The results of this study may be utilised to increase the awareness and participation of Chinese women in the political sphere of Peninsular Malaysia.
 
Keywords: Chinese women, political culture, political socialisation, intersectionality.
 
Cite as:  Ramli, N. A., Ismail, H., & Kamalbatcha, Z. (2023). The political culture of Chinese women in peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 395-424. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp395-424.
AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS EXAMINING MANDARIN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (MFL) LEARNERS’ SELF-EFFICACY AT MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
Authors: YanJu Suo , Yusuf Muhammed , YanMei Suo , Abdullah Hazlina
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: Self-efficacy is one of the aspects of human behaviours related to performance in social cognitive theory. It has been studied in social sciences, education, and languages. There are a variety of self-efficacy scales available in the English and French languages to test one’s self-belief in their ability to learn the target language. To date, no self-efficacy scale catered to the unique characteristics of Mandarin as a foreign or third language (MFL). The objective of this study is to give practical recommendations on creating valid self-efficacy instruments of MFL and making judgments on factor extraction, factor rotation, and factor labelling based on the foreign language literature.
 
Methodology: This quantitative study gathered information through an administration of a survey. The multipart survey consists of the demographic information section and the MFL self-efficacy scales distributed to MFL learners in Malaysian public universities. Data were collected randomly from 614 participants studying MFL at three different levels. Items for MFL self-efficacy were examined using SPSS version 25.0 software.
Findings: The final 13 MFL self-efficacy items were reduced to four factors with a total variance of 68.99%. The Promax rotation matrices revealed the presence of a simple four-factor structure, exhibiting the degree of strong factor loadings. The four factors were MFL Speaking, MFL Listening, MFL Reading, and MFL Writing.
 
Contributions: This research provides valid self-efficacy scales for MFL learning. The skill-based Scale could contribute to MFL teaching literature in the Malaysian context. Additionally, the study proposes future investigations which involve learning Mandarin with more emphasis on Chinese Characters.
 
Keywords: Mandarin as a foreign language, self-efficacy, exploratory factor analysis, non-native speaker, scale development.
 
Cite as: YanJu, S., Yusuf, M., YanMei, S., & Abdullah, H. (2023). An exploratory factor analysis examining Mandarin as a foreign language (MFL) learners’ self-efficacy at Malaysian public universities. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 425-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp425-440
THE INFLUENCE OF SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE, SPIRITUAL CONGRUENCE AND ACCOUNTING LITERACY ON ATTITUDE OF PURCHASING HALAL PRODUCT TOWARDS INTENTION TO PURCHASE AMONG GENERATION ALPHA
Authors: Mohd Hashim Azreen Jihan , Jamil Nurul Nazlia , Nazri Muhamad Azrin , Majid Muhammad , W Ab Rahman N Alia Fahada
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose: In recent years, studies and interest in human behaviour in relation to the halal industry have been growing. The process of understanding the reasons for planning behaviour intention is not an easy path. Intentions are provoked by an individual’s attitude which effect on how individuals making per purchase decision (Blackwell, Miniard, & Engel, 2001; Viksne, Salkovska, Gaitniece, & Puke, 2016). Human beings are complex and this complexity helps in having contradictions in an individual’s attitude.
 
Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) was created based on the theory of social psychology, and congruity theory was used as a theoretical framework for creating the current conceptual model.
 
The main objective of the study is to examine the relationship between Spiritual intelligence (SQ), Spiritual Congruence (SC) and Accounting Literacy (AL) towards attitude and intention to purchase Halal product among the Generation Alpha.
Methodology: To provide insight from this generation, the current study conducted a survey within the students of Faculty Economics and Muamalat, USIM for five programs offered. The survey reached 181 respondents, those who had experience in consuming halal products. The research instrument which consists of 31 scale items were utilized using a Likert scale and were then administered via questionnaire administered approach of using SPSS.
 
Findings: Based on the finding it indicates that only SQ and SC have positive and significant relationship towards attitude which is represented by 0.006 for SQ and 0.022 for SC. However, AL does not reflect significant relationship with attitude.
 
Contributions: The implication of the finding indicates that the education structure which embedded the Islamic elements could influence the attitude of the students towards Halal products. The finding could be the interest of the authorities and bodies related to Halal industry to create awareness among Alpha generation.
 
Keywords: Spiritual intelligence, spiritual congruence, accounting literacy, halal, generation alpha.
 
Cite as:  Azreen Jihan, M. H., Nurul Nazlia, J., Muhamad Azrin, N., Muhammad, M., & N Alia Fahada, W. A. R. (2023). The influence of spiritual intelligence, spiritual congruence and accounting literacy on attitude of purchasing halal product towards generation alpha. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 73-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp73-94
'Al-khassa Wa'al-'amma (la élite y el pueblo común) en la historia social de al-Andalus. Una aproximación al estudio de las clases sociales y la movilidad social en la España musulmana (711-1090)
Authors: Marín Guzmán Roberto
Published: July 2023

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Dante y el Islam. Enfoques a partir del texto de la Commedia
Authors: Cisneros Fernando
Published: July 2023

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Prevalence of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Its Associated Factors Among Women Attending Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Eastern, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ibrahim Pendo Mussa , Samwel Ednah Loishiye
Published: July 2023

Background: Women of reproductive age experience a lower quality of life and considerable morbidity as a result of heavy menstrual bleeding. This issue needs to be addressed to achieve gender equality and permit women and girls to engage in a range of economic activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and the most common factors associated with heavy menstrual bleeding. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted at a zonal referral hospital in Northern Eastern, Tanzania. Data was extracted from women files who attended the hospital obstetrics and gynaecology clinic retrospectively. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. A univariate logistic regression model was fitted to assess the strength of the association between heavy menstrual bleeding and exposure variables. Results: A total of 162 women aged 15-54 years were enrolled. The prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding was found to be 24.1%. The following factors were found to be significantly associated with heavy menstrual bleeding; age range of 20-44 years (OR: 0.16;95% CI: 0.02-1.01), hormonal contraceptives (OR: 3.16; 95% CI: 1.15-8.69), having no clots on menstrual blood (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.58-0.651), low haemoglobin level (OR: 5.61; 95% CI: 1.44-21.90), and uterine fibroid (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17-0.73). Conclusion: Despite the extreme measurements of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (HMB) in this study, its prevalence remained high. To spread awareness of HMB and its consequences, we recommend screening the general public and offering health education initiatives.
Identification of aggressive microfungal pathogens of wheat crop from Bhimber Azad Kashmir and effective biomanagement of a most dominant pathogen Alternatia solani
Authors: Hussain Tanveer , Ishtiaq Muhammad , Khan Faheem Ahmed , Ullah Tariq Saiff , Shabir Isfa
Published: July 2023

Fungal diseases affect both the productivity and sustainability of wheat crop. The aim of present study was to document the fungal diseases of wheat crop and biological management of a most dominant fungal pathogen Alternaria solani by using medicinal plant extracts. Fungal infected wheat plants were collected from different sites of District Bhimber, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Sukasan, Kool, Gurha Liliyan, Gurha Matyal, Dheri Wattan, and Pothi) and these fungal infected wheat plants were examined under field and greenhouse conditions by using four different plant extracts to check the severity rate of fungal diseases. Three contagious species were isolated from regularly contaminated wheat leaves and other natural items demonstrating the indications of scourges and most dominant species recognized as A. solani. The antifungal action of four plant’s leaf solutions including Nerium oleander (Oleander), Allium sativum (Garlic), Ocimum basilicum (Sweat Basil) and Eucalyptus chamadulonsis (Eucalyptus) have been attempted to control Alternaria solani in an artificial medium and in natural conditions. In an artificial medium, decoction of Allium sativum bulb at 5% fixation caused the most noteworthy lessening in mycelial improvement of A. solani (40.2%), while Ocimum basilicum at 1% and 5% fixation and Nerium oleander at 5% fixation the most decreases obstruct the mycelial advancement of the microorganism. In nursery analyzes, the most serious diminishing in contamination seriousness was brought about by the bulb extract of Allium sativum on 5% fixation as well as Nerium oleander on 1% and 5% fixations. The best decline in infection seriousness was accomplished with Allium sativum on 5% fixation, but the slightest decrease was observed after treatment of wheat plants with Nerium oleander on 1% and 5% application (22.3% and 30.2%, respectively). Allium sativum at 5% application expanded natural product yield by 35.2% and 40.2% as opposed to contaminated control. It was concluded that all selected medicinal plants reduced the selected disease and furthermore upgraded grain yield as opposed to contaminated control in field crop diseases especially Alternaria solani attack on wheat.
Нооландшафтосфера
Authors: Старожилов В.Т.
Published: July 2023

В пособии отражены компетенции не только теоретических, но и многолетних (30 полевых сезонов) практических экспедиционных исследований Дальнего Востока и выделенного автором Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса. Представляет прикладное научное и практическое значение. Нацелено на экологически грамотное освоение планеты Земля. Отражены компетенции комплексного ландшафтного подхода, основанного на междисциплинарном синтезе, анализе и оценке природы. Компоненты внутреннего содержания природы включают вещественные комплексы литосферы, тектонику, рельеф, климат, воды, почвы, растительность, биоценозы полимасштабных ландшафтов. Рассматривается выделенная впервые в России и мире нооландшафтосфера, которая представляет собой геологическую оболочку как фундамент практик освоения планеты Земля. Формулируются и рассматриваются компетенции по применению нооландшафтосферы как фундамента практик по экологии, земледелию, охране первичных и трансформированных ландшафтов и других. Приводится компетенция новой стратегии развития геосистемы Восток России – Мировой океан, предлагается проведение актуальной паспортизации ландшафтов России. Формулируются компетенции стратегических возможностей применения разработанных компетенций ландшафтной школы профессора Старожилова при планировании и управлении как комплексного, так и отраслевого освоения территорий Дальневосточного федерального округа и России. Приводятся компетенции нооландшафтосферы для подготовки профессиональных специалистов по освоению территорий. Отмечается важность применения учения при моделировании планирования и развития общества. В рамках государственных централизованных программ с проведением государственного картографирования и паспортизации ландшафтов начать в целом решение проблемы сохранения нооландшафтосферы планеты Земля на основе разумного экологического освоения. Для студентов учебных заведений, ученых, производственных специалистов, руководителей органов управления.
The disorders of blood oxygen transport function, hemostasis indicators and endothelium functional state in patients with ruptured arterial aneurysms and the development of delayed cerebral ischemia
Authors: Nechipurenko N. I. , Pashkovskaya I. D. , Sidorovich R. R. , Stepanova Yu. I. , AhremchUk A. I. , Zmachynskaya O. L.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Rupture of cerebral aneurysms (CA) with the development of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), complicated in some cases by vascular spasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), is due to the complex multifactorial genesis of the disease, including changes in the blood oxygen transport function (BOTF), activation of endothelial cells with a release of vasoregulators, reactive oxygen species, inflammatory proteins, as well as disturbances in the hemostasis system.Purpose – to study the indicators of BOTF, primary and secondary hemostasis and the content of some vasoregulatory metabolites in the pre- and postoperative periods in patients with ruptured CA with the development of DCI and without DCI.Materials and methods. The group with DCI included 45 patients; in the group without DCI were 14 people. Clinical-neurological and neuroimaging examinations were carried out, and parameters of BOTF, primary and secondary hemostasis, nitrate/nitrite, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and PAI-1 concentrations in venous blood were studied before and on days 10–12 after microsurgical clipping of the CA.Results. We diagnosed mild neurological disorders according to the NIHSS scale, confirmed by neuroimaging studies of the brain in the group of DCI patients. It was shown an increase in thrombin-dependent platelet aggregation velocity to 30.6 (24.3; 32.4) AU/min at norm 21.8 (20.3; 24.9) (U, p=0.009) before surgery; and after surgery it was up to 37.4 (30; 44.7) relative to the norm (U, p=0.001). Before surgery, the following was observed: PT shortening to 11.6±0.7 sec at norm 13.2±1.1 (t, p˂0.001), fibrinogen concentration increasing to 4.35 (3.8; 4.8) g/L at norm 3.9 (3.6; 4.1) g/L (U, p = 0.01) and PAI-1 up to 3.9 (2.6; 4.8) ng / mL at norm 2 .7 (2.2; 4.1). After surgery, PT was 11.9±1.1 (t, p˂0.001); fibrinogen - 4.4 (3.9; 4.8) (U, p=0.024), PAI-1 - 4.6 (4.1; 6.7) (U, p=0.0004) respectively. Before surgery, p50 was increased to 28.1 (26.2; 31.6) mm Hg at norm 25.2 (24.3; 26.8) (U, p=0.025); after surgery, it was up to 28.5 (26.8; 30.7) (U, p=0.03) and the ratio of nitrates/nitrites to ACE was reduced to 0.12 (0.08; 0.15) at norm 0.22 (0.15; 0.32) (U, p˂0.001); after - up to 0.11 (0.08; 0.19) (U, p˂0.001) respectively.Conclusion. There has been revealed significant disorders of primary and secondary hemostasis with fibrinolysis inhibition, a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen at the p50 rate and an imbalance of the content of vasoregulatory metabolites in patients with DCI before and after aneurysm clipping, which can be considered as significant factors in the development of DCI after aneurysmal ICH.
Comparative study of the hypoglycemic and cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors agonist exenatide, insulin and their combined use in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zykov V. A. , Krylova I. B. , Tuchina T. P. , Galagudza M. M.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Insulin therapy used during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with a high risk of hypoglycemia and high glycemic variability. Therefore, the search for optimal therapeutic approaches which affect both cardioprotection and glycemic correction is relevant. It is known that agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 (aGLP1) exhibit a protective effect on the myocardium and are involved in the normalization of carbohydrate metabolism. The combined use of аGLP1 exenatide and insulin can be more effective and safe but not insufficiently studied.The aim of this study was the comparative investigation of the effect of exenatide, insulin, and their combination on the volume of myocardial damage and the level of glycemia in the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/RP) model in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus (DM2).Materials and methods. Neonatal streptozotocin diabetes was modeled in male Wistar rats on the 4th–5th day of life. At the age of 3 months, I/RP was fulfilled in animals with confirmed hyperglycemia. Experimental groups were formed depending on the time of therapy with insulin, exenatide, or their combination; before or after ischemia. Ischemia lasted for 40 min, while reperfusion was 120 min. The size of the myocardium necrosis zone and the changes in glycemia level and its variability were determined.Results. Insulin reduced glycemia, but it increased glycemic variability by 60 % and caused hypoglycemia in 32–37 % of animals. Exenatide reduced blood glucose concentration to the level of fasting glycemia and glycemic variability by 1.5–2 times compared with insulin. Exenatide given before ischemia reduced the area of necrosis by 2.2 times. The combined use of insulin and exenatide was accompanied by the absence of hypoglycemia and a decrease in the necrosis zone by 3.2 times compared to the control.Conclusion. The combined use of aGLP1exenatide and insulin in experimental conditions of I/RP+DM2 is the most effective and safe. This makes promising their joint use in patients with DM2, both at high risk of AMI and those undergoing AMI.
Difficulties of managing a patient with acute myocardial infarction, severe anemia, and cirrhosis
Authors: Kuznetsova A. S. , Kireev K. A. , Genkel V. V. , Fastakovsky V. V. , Rusanova S. A. , Treiger G. A.
Published: July 2023

It is now, known that liver diseases, including cirrhosis, are associated with a higher cardiovascular risk compared with the general population. The management of patients with cirrhosis and acute coronary syndrome is associated with the risk of various complications. The clinical case presented in the publication showed significant risks that have direct and indirect influence on the outcome and further prognosis of a patient with myocardial infarction and cirrhosis, namely: ischemic risks, hemorrhagic risks, surgical and somatic risks.
Linda Courtenay Botterill y Alan Fenna: Interrogating Public Policy Theory. A Political Values Perspective
Authors: Belmonte Martín Irene
Published: July 2023

Recensión del libro de Linda Courtenay Botterill y Alan Fenna, Interrogating Public Policy Theory. A Political Values Perspective, New Horizons in Public Policy series, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019, 198 pp.
Conscientiousness and reasonableness in resolving the issue of releasing a citizen from debts in the bankruptcy procedure (statement of the problem)
Authors: Zatonov Rudolf Iurevich
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to finding an answer to the question of what criteria of good faith and reasonableness the behavior of a citizen-debtor must meet in order for him to be released from fulfilling his obligations upon completion of the consumer bankruptcy procedure. The article attempts to answer questions about what conscientiousness and reasonableness are; whether there are clear standards for recognizing a debtor in good faith in a consumer bankruptcy proceeding; what problems does law enforcement practice face after the formulation by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of the position that the unreasonableness of the debtor does not mean his bad faith in resolving the issue of releasing him from debts upon completion of the bankruptcy procedure, expressed in the Ruling of the Judicial Board for Economic Disputes of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated 06/03/2019 № 305-ES18-26429 in case № A41-20557/2016. In particular, the author analyzes extremely topical issues related to the release of a citizen debtor from debts arising from a guarantee for business loans, as well as an assessment of the purpose of attracting credit funds as a tool for analyzing the debtor's good faith.
International legal aspects of the construction and operation of the «Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan» oil pipeline
Authors: Mammadov Latif Rustam
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyze the legal acts that make up the legal basis for the construction and operation of the main oil export pipeline "Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan", passing through the territory of such states of the region as Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey. These legal acts involve two types of agreements. The first type is international treaties that are made between the countries in the region. The second type is host government agreements that are made between the governments of the states and operational partners. The methodological basis of the study is the following theoretical methods of cognition: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy, as well as special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes: comparative legal and formal legal. The article reveals the main elements of the Agreement between the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia and the Republic of Turkey relating to the transportation of petroleum via the territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia and the Republic of Turkey through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan main export pipeline and the Agreement between Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan on supporting and facilitating the transportation of oil from the Republic Kazakhstan through the Caspian Sea and the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan to international markets through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, which ensured the connection of Kazakhstan to this oil pipeline. According to the author, the applied mechanism for regulating the construction and operation of an international pipeline project by acts of a public law and private law nature is effective, since it allows considering the interests of entities of various statuses interested in the project implementation: states and operational partners (investors).
Molten Salt Synthesis of Multi-Faceted Pure-Phase Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Platelets
Authors: Oney Gozde , Olchowka Jacob , Demortière Arnaud , Weill François , Croguennec Laurence
Published: July 2023

The spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is largely studied as a positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, but further optimization of its properties are required to enable its commercialization. The superior electrochemical performance of the disordered polymorph of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is limited by its traditional method of synthesis. This solid-state route generates impurities that reduce specific capacity and results in the formation of octahedral particles with exposed {111} facets, thus limiting explo-ration of the effects of surface orientation. In this work, we report for the first time the preparation of a disordered impurity-free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with platelet-like morphology via molten salt synthesis. We discovered that these platelets exhibit multi-ple surface orientations, including {111}, {112} and six other high-indexed facets, and deliver equivalent energy storage performance to their octahedral counterpart. Such ability to tune primary particle morphology and orientation will open the gate to investigate mechanisms at the individual particle level using spectroscopy and microscopy techniques.
Promiscuous yet specific: a methionine-aromatics interaction drives the reaction scope of the family 1 glycosyltransferase GmUGT88E3 from soybean.
Authors: de Boer Ruben Marcel , Herlev Hvid Dan Ethan , Davail Elisa , Vaitkus Dovydas , Øllgaard Duus Jens , Hededam Welner Ditte , Teze David
Published: July 2023

Family 1 glycosyltransferases (GT1s, UGTs) catalyze the regioselective glycosylation of natural products in a single step. We identified GmUGT88E3 as a particularly promising biocatalyst, able to produce a variety of pure, single glycosidic products from polyphenols with high chemical yields. We investigated this particularly desirable duality towards specificity, i.e., promiscuous towards acceptors while regiospecific. Using high-field NMR, kinetic characterization, molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis studies, we uncovered that the main molecular determinant of GmUGT88E3 specificity is a methionine-aromatic bridge, an interaction often present in protein structures but never reported for enzyme-substrate interactions.
Computational Design of an Electro-Organocatalyst for Conversion of CO2 into Long Chain Aldehydes
Authors: Khezeli Foroogh , Plaisance Craig
Published: July 2023

Density functional theory calculations employing a hybrid implicit/explicit solvation method were used to demonstrate that an electro-organocatalyst designed in our previous work for reducing CO2 to formaldehyde could also be capable of coupling formaldehyde to form long chain aldehydes. The catalytic activity in enabled by an electron-rich >N−C=C−N< (enediamine) backbone that activates formaldehyde by reversing the polarity on the carbon atom, enabling it to act as a nucleophile in the subsequent aldol addition step. The optimal pH as well as the limiting potential and formaldehyde concentration are identified and related to the kinetic balance between several rate limiting steps. Finally, the optimal conditions for coupling with the CO2 reduction cycle are discussed.
Predictors of class IC antiarrhythmic drugs efficacy in patients with paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Khalikova Manizha A. , Tsaregorodtsev Dmitrii A. , Beraya Maka M. , Sedov Alexey V.
Published: July 2023

Background. Class IC antiarrhythmic drugs (IC-AADs) are recommended as first-line therapy in treatment of lone paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) along with catheter ablation of pulmonary veins. Despite previous attempts to identify predictors of IC-AADs` efficacy, the choice between IC-AADs agents is still most often carried out using empirical approach.
Aim. To determine the predictors of IC-AADs ` efficacy in patients with paroxysmal AF in the absence of structural heart disease.
Materials and methods. Seventy four patients (22 men, 52 women, average age 65 [57; 70] years) were treated with IC-AADs: 26 patients were prescribed lappaconitine hydrobromide (Al) (allapinin at a dosage of 75 mg/day or allaforte 50–100 mg/day), 25 patients were prescribed propafenone (P) 450–600 mg/day, 23 patients – diethylaminopropionylethoxycarbonylaminophenothiazine hydrochloride (ethacizine, E) 150 mg/day. The average frequency of AF paroxysms was 2 [0.4; 6.25] per month. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the effect of AADs.
Results. Over a 12 months follow-up IC-AADs therapy was effective in 28 (37.8%) patients (Eff+ group), in the remaining 46 (62.2%) patients AF recurrences or side effects demanding AADs withdrawal were registered (Eff-group). A DC value greater or equal to 5 ms predicted the effectiveness of IC-AADs therapy with 79% sensitivity and 77% specificity (OR 12, 95% CI 3.07–49.5, p0.0001). In the Al group the deceleration capacity (DC) value greater or equal to 5.25 ms allowed predicting therapy effectiveness with 86% sensitivity and 100% specificity (OR 7, 95% CI 1.14; 43; p=0.002). In the E group, the DC index was characterized by high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (85%) for a threshold value of 5.9 ms. In case of DC above this value, the probability of E therapy efficacy increased by 22-times (OR 22, 95% CI 1.5; 314; p=0.009). In group P, the DC medians in the Eff+ and Eff- groups did not differ significantly (p=0.821). However, at low DC values (less than 4 ms) P turned out to be the most effective compared to other two IC-AADs: its effectiveness was 50%, which was significantly higher compared to E (0%) and Al (0%) (p=0.046).
Conclusion. Estimation of the DC level before starting IC-AADs can make it easier to choose a specific drug from this group and improve treatment results: at DC above 5.2 ms, it is advisable to use Al, at DC≥6 ms – Al or E, at DC less than 4 ms – P.