bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards an integrated blood pressure self-monitoring solution for stroke/TIA in Ireland: a mixed methods feasibility study for the TASMIN5S IRL randomised controlled trial
Authors: Doogue R. , Hayes P. , Hebert R. , Sheikhi A. , Rai T. , Morton K. , Roman C. , McManus R. J. , Glynn L. G.
Published: January 2023

Background

Optimising blood pressure (BP) control is one of the most important modifiable risk factors in preventing subsequent stroke where the risk increases by one-third for every 10 mmHg rise in systolic BP. This study evaluated the feasibility and potential effectiveness of blood pressure self-monitoring with planned medication titration, to inform a definitive trial of the intervention, in patients with a previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Methods

Patients with a history of stroke/TIA and sub-optimal BP control were invited to take part in a mixed methods feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial. Those meeting the inclusion criteria with systolic BP >130 mmHg were randomised to a self-monitoring intervention group or usual care group. The intervention involved self-monitoring BP twice a day for 3 days within a 7-day period, every month, following text message reminders. Treatment escalation, based on a pre-agreed plan by the general practitioner (GP) and patient, was initiated according to the results of these readings. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with patients and clinicians and analysed thematically.

Results

Of those identified, 47% (32/68) attended for assessment. Of those assessed, 15 were eligible for recruitment and were consented and randomised to the intervention or control group on a 2:1 basis. Of those randomised, 93% (14/15) completed the study and there were no adverse events. Systolic BP was lower in the intervention group at 3 months. Participants found the intervention acceptable and easy to use. GPs found it easy to incorporate into their practice activity without increasing workload.

Conclusions

TASMIN5S, an integrated blood pressure self-monitoring intervention in patients with a previous stroke/TIA, is feasible and safe to deliver in primary care. A pre-agreed three-step medication titration plan was easily implemented, increased patient involvement in their care, and had no adverse effects. This feasibility study provides important information to inform a definitive trial to determine the potential effectiveness of the intervention in patients post-stroke or TIA.

Trial registration

ISRCTN57946500. Registered on 12/08/2019.
Non-fungible tokens: a bubble or the end of an era of intellectual property rights
Authors: Kraizberg Elli
Published: January 2023

The viability of exponentially growing non-fungible token (NFT) market is evaluated by identifying potential value-generating mechanisms that can be rationalized. After identifying the value-generating mechanisms underlying the positive values of NFTs, this study establishes a pricing model for NFTs that follows a continuous-time financial framework. As NFTs are claimed to securitize “ownership rights short of use”, and as such they may potentially serve as a substitute for the need to rely replace the reliance on the legal protection provided by intellectual property rights (IPRs). Considering this issue, this study evaluates the likelihood that NFTs will replace existing mechanisms that protect producers’ rightful claim to use their assets or the need to apply the legal code that governs IPRs. The financial condition for this potential shift is derived for a category of assets whose use or consumption does not reduce supply as the notion of scarcity does not apply.
Gazing through the bubble: an experimental investigation into financial risk-taking using eye-tracking
Authors: Toma Filip-Mihai , Cepoi Cosmin-Octavian , Kubinschi Matei Nicolae , Miyakoshi Makoto
Published: January 2023

Eye tracking can facilitate understanding irrational decision-making in contexts such as financial risk-taking. For this purpose, we develop an experimental framework in which participants trade a risky asset in a simulated bubble market to maximize individual returns while their eye movements are recorded. Returns are sensitive to eye movement dynamics, depending on the presented visual stimuli. Using eye-tracking data, we investigated the effects of arousal, attention, and disengagement on individual payoffs using linear and nonlinear approaches. By estimating a nonlinear model using attention as a threshold variable, our results suggest that arousal positively influences trading returns, but its effect becomes smaller when attention exceeds a certain threshold, whereas disengagement has a higher negative impact on reduced attention levels and becomes almost irrelevant when attention increases. Hence, we provide a neurobehavioral metric as a function of attention that predicts financial gains in boom-and-bust scenarios. This study serves as a proof-of-concept for developing future psychometric measures to enhance decision-making.
Analysis of Inclusivity of Published Science Communication Curricula for Scientists and STEM Students
Authors: Vickery Randy , Murphy Katlyn , McMillan Rachel , Alderfer Sydney , Donkoh Jasmine , Kelp Nicole
Published: January 2023

Published science communication trainings for STEM students have increased over the past 20 years, but the authors show that these trainings often lack a focus on inclusiveness and evaluation of the efficacy of the trainings. This essay identifies areas for future work in the field of science communication training.
Farm Crisis/Identity Crisis: Letters from 1980s Iowa
Authors: Riney-Kehrberg Pamela
Published: January 2023

The Farm Crisis of the 1980s was not just an economic crisis, but an identity crisis for the two-thirds of Iowa farm families that risked losing their livelihoods. Confronted with a situation that was well outside of their control, they sent thousands of letters to government officials, asking for, and sometimes demanding, answers. Many of those letters expressed puzzlement, anger, and disappointment as writers tried to explain how the hopes and dreams of a lifetime had slipped through their grasp. They expressed deep frustration with politicians, consumers, and even other farmers who did not understand or sympathize with the stresses imposed by markets, environmental forces, and government policy that first encouraged borrowing and expansion, and then punished those who had followed that advice. Although the Reagan administration eventually responded, it was not before a significant number of farmers had left, or been removed from, their land.
The Unraveling of Agrarian America: A Retrospective on the 1980s
Authors: Lasley Paul , Ostendorf David
Published: January 2023

The coauthors recount their observations and experiences in addressing the Farm Crisis throughout the 1980s. Their experiences highlight the challenges of rapid socioeconomic changes, the growing concentration of economic power, and the restructuring of the farm economy as Iowa grappled with the Farm Crisis that engulfed farmers and soon engulfed the entire state. Through the lenses of a community organizer and an academic rural sociologist, the authors provide insights into the myriad contradictions and opposing forces that contributed to the difficult and prolonged financial crisis that accelerated the trends of further consolidation and industrialization of farming and the food system. Much like the Great Depression of the 1930s, the landscape of rural Iowa bears the scars of the 1980s Farm Crisis that has forever changed the economy and culture of rural, farm-dependent communities.
The 1980s Farm Crisis: A Boots-on-the-Ground Retrospective
Authors: Tevis Cheryl
Published: January 2023

In 1979 the author of this article was hired to write for Successful Farming, a national magazine founded in Des Moines, Iowa, in 1902. This led to a privileged, front-row-seat perspective on the lead-up to the 1980s Farm Crisis, the depth of the financial turmoil, and its devastating aftermath on rural America. This article highlights the trajectory of the 1980s Farm Crisis, and reveals how her coverage documented the impact on farmers, as well as the efforts of support groups, farm organizations, and the US government to stabilize farms and farmers, and to keep families on their land. The financial repercussions are noted, but the focus is the emotional toll of the crisis, including stress, depression, suicide, divorce, dysfunctional family relationships, rural social problems, and how the Farm Crisis frayed the fabric of rural communities.
Epilepsy Surgery in Young Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Novel Hybrid Multimodal Surgical Approach
Authors: Ravindra Vijay M. , Karas Patrick J. , Lazaro Tyler T. , Coorg Rohini , Awad Al-Wala , Patino Ilana , McClernon Emily E. , Clarke Dave , Cairampoma Whitehead Laura , Anderson Anne , Diaz-Medina Gloria , Houck Kimberly , Katyayan Akshat , Masters Laura , Nath Audrey , Quach Michael , Riviello James , Seto Elaine S. , Sully Krystal , Agurs Latanya , Sen Sonali , Handoko Maureen , LoPresti Melissa , Ali Irfan , Curry Daniel J. , Weiner Howard L.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Surgery has become integral in treating children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)–related drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).

OBJECTIVE:

To describe outcomes of a multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic approach comprising invasive intracranial monitoring and surgical treatment and compare the complementary techniques of open resection and magnetic resonance–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy.

METHODS:

Clinical and radiographic data were prospectively collected for pediatric patients undergoing surgical evaluation for TSC-related DRE at our tertiary academic hospital. Seizure freedom, developmental improvement, and Engel class were compared.

RESULTS:

Thirty-eight patients (20 females) underwent treatment in January 2016 to April 2019. Thirty-five underwent phase II invasive monitoring with intracranial electrodes: 24 stereoencephalography, 9 craniotomy for grid/electrode placement, and 2 grids + stereoencephalography. With the multimodal approach, 33/38 patients (87%) achieved >50% seizure freedom of the targeted seizure type after initial treatment; 6/9 requiring secondary treatment and 2/2 requiring a third treatment achieved >50% freedom. The median Engel class was II at last follow-up (1.65 years), and 55% of patients were Engel class I/II. The mean age was lower for children undergoing open resection (2.4 vs 4.9 years, P = .04). Rates of >50% reduction in seizures (86% open resection vs 88% laser interstitial thermal therapy) and developmental improvement (86% open resection vs 83% magnetic resonance–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy) were similar.

CONCLUSION:

This hybrid approach of using both open surgical and minimally invasive techniques is safe and effective in treating DRE secondary to TSC. Clinical trials focused on treatment method with longer follow-up are needed to determine the optimal candidates for each approach and compare the treatment modalities more effectively.
A Novel Sublabial Anterior Transmaxillary Approach for Medically Refractory Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Comparative Anatomic Study
Authors: Gardner Paul A. , McDowell Michael M. , Orhorhoro Omuvwie , Snyderman Carl H. , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Current approaches for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy may result in suboptimal seizure control and cognitive decline. An incomplete treatment of the epileptogenic zone and unnecessary violation of functional cortical and subcortical areas may contribute to suboptimal results.

OBJECTIVE:

To describe and test the anatomic feasibility of a novel endoscopic anterior transmaxillary (ATM) approach to the temporal lobe and to compare the described technique to other transfacial approaches.

METHODS:

Twenty-four cadaveric brain hemispheres fixed in formalin were used to study anterior temporal surface anatomy. Two additional hemispheres were fixed in formalin and then frozen for white matter dissections. Subsequently, bilateral dissections on 4 injected cadaveric heads were used to describe the endoscopic ATM approach and to evaluate various anterior endoscopic corridors for the temporal pole and mesial temporal lobe structures.

RESULTS:

The ATM approach was considered superior because of direct visualization of the temporal pole and natural alignment with the mesial temporal structures. The mean exposure corridor covered 49.1° in the sagittal plane and 66.2° in the axial plane. The ATM allowed direct access lateral to the maxillary and mandibular nerves with an anterior-posterior trajectory aligned to the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus formation, allowing for a selective amygdalohippocampectomy with preservation of the trigeminal branches and the lateral temporal neocortex.

CONCLUSION:

The ATM approach is anatomically feasible, providing a direct and selective approach for the temporal pole and mesial temporal lobe structures, with a substantial angle of visualization because of its direct alignment with the mesial temporal lobe structures.
Incisional Wound Vacuum—Evaluation of Wound Outcomes in Comparison With Standard Dressings for Posterior Spinal Fusions in Traumatic Patients
Authors: Mehkri Yusuf , Hernandez Jairo , Panther Eric , Gendreau Julian , Pafford Ryan , Rao Dinesh , Fiester Peter , Rahmathulla Gazanfar
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Postoperative incisional negative pressure wound vacuum–assisted closure (VAC) dressings are being used as a primary dressing to optimize wound healing and help avoid complications of infection and dehiscence. Few studies have investigated whether application of VAC dressings on postoperative posterior spinal wounds can reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.

OBJECTIVE:

To describe our single-surgeon experience of using primary VAC after posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in a large sample of trauma patients.

METHODS:

This was an Institutional Review Board–approved retrospective comparative study and included all trauma patients presenting to our level 1 safety-net trauma center who required PSF and were operated on by the senior surgeon between 2016 and 2021. Primary outcomes were complications (surgical site infection, readmission for infection, and wound-related return to operating room [OR]) within 90 days after surgery. χ2 testing and Student t testing were used to assess differences between treatment groups while bivariate and multivariate regression was performed for outcome assessment.

RESULTS:

Two hundred sixty-four patients met criteria and were included. One hundred fifty-seven (59%) were treated with standard dressing and 107 (41%) with VAC. Patients treated with VAC were more likely to be older (P = .015), have diabetes (P = .041), have an elevated body mass index (P = .020), and had more levels of fusion (P = .002). Despite this, presence of VAC was independently associated with decreased 90-day infection (hazard ratio = 0.397, P = .023) and decreased 90-day return to OR for wound-related reasons (hazard ratio = 0.099, P = .031).

CONCLUSION:

Compared with the use of standard dressing, VAC was found to decrease surgical site infection and return to OR risk in trauma patients undergoing PSF.
Microvascular Decompression for Concurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia and Hemi-Laryngopharyngeal Spasm: A Case Report
Authors: Katayama Michiru , Noro Shusaku , Asayama Bunsho , Amano Yuki , Okuma Masahiro , Honjo Kaori , Seo Yoshinobu , Nakamura Hirohiko
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

Hemi-laryngopharyngeal spasm (HeLPS) may result from vascular compression of the vagus nerve and can be treated using microvascular decompression. We describe the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment in a case of concurrent trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and HeLPS.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

A 44-year-old man presented with a 12-month history of right TN and 8-month history of intermittent episodes of repeated throat contractions associated with a very distressing choking sensation. Preoperative 3-dimensional fusion imaging demonstrated compression of the trigeminal nerve by the superior cerebellar artery and petrosal vein and compression of the vagus nerve by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and one of its branches. Microvascular decompression was performed by a right standard retrosigmoid approach with enlarged craniotomy. Initially, the compression of the trigeminal nerve was identified by visual inspection. All the offending vessels were wrapped in Teflon felt, transposed away from the trigeminal nerve, and adhered to the tentorial membrane and petrous bone using fibrin glue. Furthermore, observation of the caudal rootlets of the vagus nerve revealed that the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and its branch compressed the ventral side of the nerve. These vessels were displaced antero-caudally with Teflon felt and fibrin glue; no other vessels were found around the trigeminal and vagus nerves. Postoperatively, the patient had immediate and complete resolution of symptoms of TN and HeLPS without recurrence at the 18-month follow-up.

CONCLUSION:

HeLPS may occur with TN, and neurosurgeons should identify the symptoms suspicious of this disease preoperatively.
A Novel Bypass Technique to Prevent Vexing Spinal Cord Ischemia in Endovascular Thoracoabdominal Aortic Intervention
Authors: Atai Nadia A. , Abedi Aidin , Carey Joseph , Han Sukgu M. , Russin Jonathan J.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Spinal cord ischemia remains a devastating complication when treating patients with complex thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms using fenestrated endovascular aortic repair. This approach is progressively deployed. However, to date, no strategy has been identified to reduce the feared risk of spinal cord ischemia.

OBJECTIVE:

To introduce a novel bypass technique using a customized composite graft to create a direct extra-anatomic revascularization before fenestrated endovascular aortic repair in patients with high-risk of spinal cord ischemia.

METHODS:

To demonstrate this novel concept, we present here a clinical case that reports the strategy of this novel concept in detail. An 83-year-old man with medical history of endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm and thoracic aorta presented with a type IA endoleak, located along the posterior superior aspect of the aortic stent graft adjacent to the lumbar arteries. A multidisciplinary plan was developed, which included a novel bypass from the profunda femoris to the left L1 radicular artery before fenestrated endovascular aortic repair to prevent spinal cord ischemia.

RESULTS:

The patient successfully receives the novel extra-anatomic revascularization bypass before fenestrated endovascular aortic repair. During the first implementation of this strategy, no intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications were observed.

CONCLUSION:

This case demonstrates a novel surgical technique before fenestrated endovascular aortic repair for prevention of spinal cord ischemia. In addition, this concept provides a promising direction to not only complement the existing surgical techniques but also to generate more future innovations.
Supercritical Hydrothermal Reactions for Material Synthesis
Authors: Adschiri Tadafumi , Takami Seiichi , Umetsu Mitsuo , Ohara Satoshi , Naka Takashi , Minami Kimitaka , Hojo Daisuke , Togashi Takanari , Arita Toshihiko , Taguchi Minori , Itoh Masahiro , Aoki Nobuaki , Seong Gimyeong , Tomai Takaaki , Yoko Akira
Published: January 2023

Since the early 1990s, Adschiri and his colleagues have performed research on the use of supercritical water in diverse applications, including heavy oil reforming, waste polymer decomposition and chemical raw materials recovery, cellulose hydrolysis and sugar recovery, lignin decomposition and chemical raw materials recovery, and nanoparticle synthesis. Regarding inorganic materials synthesis, they invented supercritical hydrothermal synthesis for the continuous flow synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles, which has already found worldwide industrial applications. They proposed a two-fluid mixing flow system where an aqueous metal salt solution is mixed with supercritical water to heat the solution to the supercritical state within a very short time, that is not attainable by conventional reactor systems. Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles synthesis was demonstrated in the supercritical state, realizing homogeneous phase formation of organic molecules at high loadings. By optimizing the reaction conditions, small facet-controlled nanoparticles with narrow particle size distribution can be obtained. Organic modification of nanoparticles is shown to be effective for fabricating highly concentrated nanohybrid polymers or nano inks. Furthermore, these synthesized facet-controlled nanoparticles show high catalytic activities. Indeed, it is demonstrated that steam reforming of heavy oils or biomass wastes (black liquor) can occur in water even at low temperatures.
Analysis and forecasting of asset quality, risk management and financial stability for the Greek banking system
Authors: Κανελλόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος
Published: January 2023

Η συγκεκριμένη διδακτορική διατριβή επεκτείνει προηγούμενες έρευνες χρησιμοποιώντας ένα βραχυπρόθεσμο σύστημα παρακολούθησης με στόχο την πρόβλεψη «αποτυχιών», δηλαδή τη δημιουργία μη εξυπηρετούμενων δανείων. Η δημιουργία ενός τέτοιου συστήματος παρακολούθησης επιτρέπει στον κίνδυνο μιας «αστοχίας» να αλλάξει με την πάροδο του χρόνου, μετρώντας την πιθανότητα «αποτυχίας» δεδομένου του χρόνου επιβίωσης και ενός συνόλου επεξηγηματικών μεταβλητών. Η εφαρμογή των μοντέλων αναλογικών κινδύνων Cox και των δέντρων επιβίωσης για την πρόβλεψη των μη εξυπηρετούμενων δανείων μπορεί να αποβεί χρήσιμη για τους ελληνικούς εταιρικούς κλάδους. Ο ερευνητικός στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας αποτελείται από δύο πεδία: Ο πρώτος στόχος είναι η διερεύνηση των καθοριστικών παραγόντων που συμβάλλουν στη διαμόρφωση των μη εξυπηρετούμενων δανείων. Για το λόγο αυτό εξετάζονται δύο μοντέλα GAMLSS, ένα γραμμικό μοντέλο GAMLSS και ένα μη γραμμικό ημιπαραμετρικό μοντέλο GAMLSS που περιλαμβάνει συναρτήσεις εξομάλυνσης που καταγράφουν πιθανές μη γραμμικές σχέσεις μεταξύ των επεξηγηματικών μεταβλητών για να μοντελοποιήσουν ευνοϊκά τις παραμέτρους. Οι επεξηγηματικές μεταβλητές των μοντέλων αποτελούνται από μεταβλητές πιστωτικού κινδύνου, μακροοικονομικές μεταβλητές, μεταβλητές για τα αποτελέσματα των τραπεζών, εποπτικές μεταβλητές και μεταβλητές για τις αγορές, ενώ η εξαρτημένη μεταβλητή είναι τα μη εξυπηρετούμενα δάνεια. Ο δεύτερος στόχος είναι να δοθούν απαντήσεις σχετικά με το εάν τα μοντέλα αναλογικών κινδύνων Cox και τα μοντέλα δέντρων επιβίωσης μπορούν να προβλέψουν το σχηματισμό μη εξυπηρετούμενων δανείων από χορηγήσεις που παρέχονται από τις τράπεζες σε συγκεκριμένους εταιρικούς κλάδους στην Ελλάδα με τη χρήση μιας πιο λεπτομερούς βάσης δεδομένων εταιρικών δανειοληπτών. Με την αξιολόγηση μιας σειράς μοντέλων Cox, δημιουργήθηκε ένα βραχυπρόθεσμο σύστημα παρακολούθησης με στόχο την πρόβλεψη «αποτυχιών», δηλαδή τη δημιουργία μη εξυπηρετούμενων δανείων. Τα μοντέλα παλινδρόμησης αναλογικών κινδύνων Cox ενσωματώνουν το χρόνο επιβίωσης μέχρι να συμβεί το γεγονός, που περιλαμβάνει ένα χρονοδιάγραμμα, που περιγράφεται από τη συνάρτηση επιβίωσης, υποδεικνύοντας την πιθανότητα ένα δάνειο να γίνει μη εξυπηρετούμενο μέχρι το χρόνο t. Η χρονική περίοδος μετράει από την έναρξη του δανείου μέχρι τον «θάνατο» του δανείου, δηλαδή τη λήξη του, ενσωματώνοντας ένα «ενδιάμεσο» σημείο παρατήρησης. Το γεγονός είναι όταν το δάνειο αρχικά «μολύνεται», δηλαδή έχει γίνει μη εξυπηρετούμενο. Όσον αφορά τα δέντρα επιβίωσης, η βάση δεδομένων χωρίστηκε σε περισσότερα υποσύνολα, τα οποία είναι ευκολότερο να μοντελοποιηθούν ξεχωριστά και ως εκ τούτου αποφέρουν βελτιωμένη συνολική απόδοση. Τέτοια μοντέλα είναι στη συνέχεια ωφέλιμα να εφαρμοστούν με διαφορετικές τεχνικές μηχανικής μάθησης. Ως προγνωστικοί παράγοντες (ή συμμεταβλητές) ορίζονται οι τομείς της ελληνικής οικονομίας και το μοντέλο προσαρμόζεται τόσο για το σύνολο του δείγματος όσο και για το δείγμα των δανείων με πρόωρη λήξη.
Μελέτη της ορθογραφικής δεξιότητας και ανάπτυξη προγραμμάτων παρέμβασης για την ενίσχυση παιδιών με Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες
Authors: Φραγκούλη Κωνσταντίνα
Published: January 2023

Η κατάκτηση της ορθογραφικής δεξιότητας αποτελεί σημαντική πρόκληση για τα παιδιά με Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες (ΕΜΔ) ή με υψηλή επικινδυνότητα για την εμφάνιση αυτών. Ωστόσο, μέσω στοχευμένων παρεμβάσεων η επίδοσή τους μπορεί να βελτιωθεί σημαντικά. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, στην παρούσα διατριβή μελετήθηκε η ορθογραφική δεξιότητα κι εξετάστηκαν οι αποτελεσματικότερες μέθοδοι για την ενίσχυσή της.Αρχικά, διενεργήθηκε μετα-ανάλυση με στόχο την εξέταση της αποτελεσματικότητας των προγραμμάτων παρέμβασης (ΠΠ) στην ορθογραφία, των χαρακτηριστικών που έχουν τα αποτελεσματικότερα από αυτά και της σχέσης ανάγνωσης κι ορθογραφίας. Βάσει των μεγεθών επίδρασης, αναδείχθηκε υψηλότερη αποτελεσματικότητα: (i) των ΠΠ που στοχεύουν στην κατάκτηση της ορθογραφίας, σε σχέση με την απουσία διδασκαλίας ή με τη διδασκαλία μεμονωμένων στρατηγικών, (ii) της γραμματικής κι ιστορικής ορθογραφίας, (iii) της πολυαισθητηριακής μεθόδου σε συνδυασμό με την εικονογραφική ή με την αυτο-διόρθωση και (iv) των ατομικών ή ομαδικών ΠΠ μικρής διάρκειας με χρήση Η/Υ.Στη συνέχεια, τα ευρήματα της μετα-ανάλυσης αξιοποιήθηκαν για την εφαρμογή και την αξιολόγηση δύο ΠΠ για την ενίσχυση της ορθογραφίας παιδιών με ΕΜΔ που φοιτούσαν στη Β΄ και Γ΄ Δημοτικού και παρακολουθούσαν τμήματα ένταξης. Τα ΠΠ βασίζονταν στις αρχές της άμεσης και σαφούς διδασκαλίας με χρήση πειραματικά αποδεδειγμένων καλών πρακτικών. Η αποτελεσματικότητά τους εξετάστηκε σε δείγμα 54 παιδιών για τη Β΄ και 73 για τη Γ΄ Δημοτικού, τα οποία χωρίστηκαν τυχαία σε 2 ομάδες ανά μελέτη, την πειραματική στην οποία εφαρμόστηκε το προτεινόμενο πρόγραμμα και την ομάδα σύγκρισης, η οποία συμμετείχε σε παραδοσιακές πρακτικές διδασκαλίας. Χορηγήθηκαν σταθμισμένα εργαλεία αξιολόγησης της ορθογραφικής επίδοσης σε 3 χρονικές στιγμές: πριν από την παρέμβαση, μετά από αυτή και 6 εβδομάδες αργότερα. Μέσω των αναλύσεων ANOVA, παρατηρήθηκε ότι και για τις δύο τάξεις βελτιώθηκε σημαντικά η επίδοση στην ορθογραφία της πειραματικής ομάδας σε σχέση με την ομάδα σύγκρισης παρουσιάζοντας στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές.Τα αποτελέσματα συζητούνται στο πλαίσιο πιθανών ερευνητικών και εκπαιδευτικών προεκτάσεων αναδεικνύοντας την αποτελεσματικότητα της εφαρμογής της άμεσης και σαφούς διδασκαλίας, αλλά και τη σημασία διδασκαλίας της ορθογραφίας σε παιδιά με ΕΜΔ, καθώς οι επιδόσεις τους μπορούν να βελτιωθούν σημαντικά βάσει κατάλληλων προγραμμάτων παρέμβασης.
Emerging implications of exosomes as mediators of cellular communication in potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers
Authors: Solomon Monica Charlotte , Chandrashekar Chetana , Kulkarni Spoorti , Shetty Nisha , Pandey Aditi
Published: January 2023

Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes serve as very effective means of intercellular communication. Due the presence of a lipid bilayer membrane, exosomes are resistant to degradation and are highly stable. This makes them easily identifiable in blood and other bodily fluids such as saliva. The exosomes that are secreted from a parent cell directly release their contents into the cytoplasm of a recipient cell and influence their cellular activity and function. Exosomes can also transfer their content between cancer cells and normal cells and regulate the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes play a vital role in tumor growth, tumor invasion and metastasis. Exosomes provide a multitude of molecular and genetic information and have become valuable indicators of disease activity at the cellular level. This review explores the molecular characteristics of exosomes and the role that exosomes play in the tumorigenesis pathway of potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers The application of exosomes in the treatment of oral cancers is also envisioned.

Exosomes are very small and can easily pass through various biological barriers, making them very good delivery vectors for therapeutic drugs as well as to selectively induce DNA’s mRNA and miRNAs into targeted cancer cells.
Using literature-based discovery to develop hypotheses for the moderating effect of massively multiplayer online games
Authors: Sinha Choudhury Ananya , Hui Wendy , Lau John
Published: January 2023

Background: Empirical studies have shown that the relationship between psychological flow state and game addiction tends to be weaker in massively multiplayer online (MMO) games compared with non-MMO games. However, a theoretical explanation for the moderating effect of MMO games is lacking in the literature. This paper uses interview data and a method for generating hypotheses, literature-based discovery (LBD), to identify potential moderating factors and develop theories about this relationship.

Methods: The proposed method involved text mining 2,829 abstracts to generate a keyword list of potential underlying moderating factors. Interview data from three domain experts confirmed the usefulness of LBD. Instead of arriving at game addiction primarily through flow, the interview data revealed that different cognitive pathways may lead to game addiction in MMO games.

Results: Specifically, the identified keywords led to three explanations for the observed moderating effect: (1) social interaction in MMOGs may prevent the progression from flow to game addiction or induce positive peer influence; (2) game performance typically measured using a score- or point-based system in non-MMO games offers an extrinsic motivation that is more in line with flow theory; and (3) intrinsic motivation and escapism may be more important drivers of MMO game addiction. This paper summarizes the domain experts’ views on the usefulness of LBD in theory development.

Conclusions: This paper uses literature-based discovery (LBD) to demonstrate how the pathways to game addiction in MMO games differ from non-MMO games. LBD is a method for generating hypotheses seldom used in the social science literature.
The refusal of COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors: a systematic review
Authors: Tamara Fredo , Fajar Jonny K. , Soegiarto Gatot , Wulandari Laksmi , Kusuma Andy P. , Pasaribu Erwin A. , Putra Reza P. , Rizky Muhammad , Anshor Tajul , Novariza Maya , Wijaya Surya , Prasetyo Guruh , Pradita Adelia , Aini Qurrata , Mete Mario V.P.H. , Yusni Rahmat , Putri Yama S. , Chakraborty Chiranjib , Dhama Kuldeep , Harapan Harapan
Published: January 2023

Background: To date, more than 10% of the global population is unvaccinated against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the reasons why this population is not vaccinated are not well identified.

Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal and to assess the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted during August to November 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022384562). We searched articles investigating the refusal of COVID-19 vaccination and its potential associated factors in PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Sciences. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the data were collected using a pilot form. The cumulative prevalence of the refusal to vaccinate against COVID-19 was identified using a single-arm meta-analysis. The factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusals were determined using the Mantel-Haenszel method.

Results: A total of 24 articles were included in the analysis. Our findings showed that the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal was 12%, and the highest prevalence was in the general population, and the lowest prevalence was in the healthcare worker subgroup. Furthermore, individuals with a high socioeconomic status, history of previous vaccination, and medical background had a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccination refusal. Subsequently, the following factors were associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 vaccine refusal: being female, educational attainment lower than an undergraduate degree, and living in a rural area.

Conclusion: Our study identified the prevalence of and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal. This study may serve as an initial reference to achieve global coverage of COVID-19 vaccination by influencing the population of COVID-19 vaccine refusal.
Using multiple outcomes in intervention studies: improving power while controlling type I errors
Authors: Bishop Dorothy V. M.
Published: January 2023

Background

The CONSORT guidelines for clinical trials recommend using a single primary outcome, to guard against excess false positive findings when multiple measures are considered. However, statistical power can be increased while controlling the familywise error rate if multiple outcomes are included. The MEff statistic is well-suited to this purpose, but is not well-known outside genetics.

Methods

Data were simulated for an intervention study, with a given sample size (N), effect size (E) and correlation matrix for a suite of outcomes (R). Using the variance of eigenvalues from the correlation matrix, we compute MEff, the effective number of variables that the alpha level should be divided by to control the familywise error rate. Various scenarios are simulated to consider how MEff is affected by the pattern of pairwise correlations within a set of outcomes. The power of the MEff approach is compared to Bonferroni correction, and a principal component analysis (PCA).

Results

In many situations, power can be increased by inclusion of multiple outcomes. Differences in power between MEff and Bonferroni correction are small if intercorrelations between outcomes are low, but the advantage of MEff is more evident as intercorrelations increase. PCA is superior in cases where the impact on outcomes is fairly uniform, but MEff is applicable when intervention effects are inconsistent across measures.

Conclusions

The optimal method for correcting for multiple testing depends on the underlying data structure, with PCA being superior if outcomes are all indicators of a common underlying factor. Both Bonferroni correction and MEff can be applied post hoc to evaluate published intervention studies, with MEff being superior when outcomes are moderately or highly correlated. A lookup table is provided to give alpha levels for use with Meff for cases where the correlation between outcome measures can be estimated.
The Being of Values
Authors: Juruś Dariusz
Published: January 2023

In this paper I present three main approaches to the problem of the being of values by discussing objectivism, subjectivism and relationism referring to historical positions. I conclude that axiological discourse, when reduced to the horizontal dimension, leads to the relativisation of all values, the process of blurring the boundaries to their eventual annihilation.
The Position of Human Rights in Slovak Education with a Focus on Youth
Authors: Pecníková Jana , Mališová Daniela
Published: January 2023

Young people are often considered as a driver of democratic progress and development in a country. Thus, civic education alongside freedom of speech, human rights, the rule of law, etc. should constitute cornerstones in advanced societies. The aim of this article is to evaluate the prevalence of the concept of human rights and European values in materials used for civic education in Slovakia. The authors conducted a comprehensive content analysis of 289 domestic and foreign materials and publications used in secondary education schools. While researching the content, we also consulted teachers to identify the main challenges for civic education. The research results show that the human rights and European values are growing in importance and gaining stronger positions in civic education in Slovakia.
Integrasi kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam rubric pengetahuan majalah bobo dan implementasinya pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia SD
Authors: Novita Sari Diah Hayu , Yulisetiani Septi
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konten dalam majalah Bobo edisi 2021 yang dapat mengembankan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sekolah dasar.  UNESCO menetapkan kompetensi untuk hidup pada abad 21 yaitu salah satunya adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis. Untuk itu, komponen berpikir kritis menjadi penting untuk dikembangkan sejak dini. Indicator kemampuan berpikir kritis yang terkandung dalam rubrik pengetahuan Majalah Bobo edisi bulan juni 2021. Indikator berpikir kritis yang dimaksud merupakan indikator modifikasi yaitu merumuskan masalah, memberikan argumen, membuat premis dan menarik kesimpulan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analisis konten. Objek penelitiannya yaitu rubrik pengetahuan yang terdapat dalam Majalah Bobo edisi 10,11,12 dan 13 bulan juni 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar analisis dokumen yang disusun berdasarkan landasan teori tentang indikator berpikir kritis. Teknik analisis data dimulai dengan data yang sudah dikumpulkan, direduksi, dideskripsikan, diinterpretasikan, dianalisis, kemudian disimpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rubrik pengetahuan dari Majalah Bobo edisi bulan juni 2021 memuat pengetahuan tentang energy listrik dari sampah memenuhi 3 indikator, cara hewan berkamuflase memenuhi 4 indikator, sejarah singkat patung di Jakarta memenuhi 3 indikator dan terowongan panjang di dunia memenuhi 2 indikator. Bahan bacaan pada rubrik pengetahuan memenuhi empat indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis yaitu merumuskan masalah, memberikan argument, membuat premis dan menarik kesimpulan. Terlihat setelah membaca kritis peserta didik dapat menyerap informasi 5W+1H yang ada pada bacaan rubric pengetahuan. Muatan rubrik pengetahuan ini cocok untuk membangun kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan menjadikan rubrik pengetahuan sebagai bahan ajar pendamping pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
Implementasi profil pelajar Pancasila melalui proyek bermuatan kearifan lokal di SD Negeri Trayu
Authors: Sulistiawati Anjar , Khawani Ahmad , Yulianti Junari , Kamaludin Agus , Munip Abdul
Published: January 2023

Implementasi merdeka belajar merupakan langkah pemerintah untuk mewujudkan sumber daya manusia yang unggul dan berkarakter profil pelajar pancasila. Profil pelajar Pancasila merupakan kompetensi yang dibangun di satuan pendidikan melalui kegiatan intrakurikuler dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila memiliki fokus pada penguatan karakter bangsa dan kemampuan mengimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun, kenyataannya profil pelajar Pancasila di sekolah masih belum optimal Sementara profil pelajar Pancasila sangat berpengaruh dalam pengembangan karakter. Penanaman pendidikan karakter dapat dilaksanakan dengan mengintregasikan budaya kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini mengenai implementasi profil pelajar pancasila dengan tema kearifan lokal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Bertujuan untuk meningkatakan pengetahuan siswa dalam menggambarkan implementasi profil pelajar Pancasila melalui proyek bertema kearifan lokal di SD Negeri Trayu. penelitian diatas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa SD Negeri Trayu sudah mengimplementasikan kurikulum merdeka mulai pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Implementasi kurikulum merdeka dilaksanakan di kelas I dan kelas IV. Sementara, kelas II, III, V, dan VI masih menggunakan kurikulum 2013. Ada beberapa tahapan dalam mendesain projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila pada tema kearifan lokal, tahapan-tahapan tersebut antara lain: 1) Proses perencanaan projek yaitu dengan membentuk tim fasilitator projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila, 2) Proses mengidentifikasi kesiapan sekolah dalam menjalankan projek, 3) Menentukan dimensi, tema, dan alokasi projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila, 4) Menyusun modul projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila, 5) Tahap terakhir adalah pengembangan asesmen projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila, asesmen terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu asesmen formatif dan asesmen sumatif.
Narrativas multimodais gráficas: as propriedades dialógicas e ideológicas da arte sequencial
Authors: Silva Eduardo Figueira , Farbiarz Jackeline Lima , Farbiarz Alexandre
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo propomos apresentar a discussão do gênero multimodal verbo-visual Arte Sequencial como portadora de propriedades ideológicas. Para tanto nos embasamos em teóricos como Bakhtin (1997[1979]; 2006[1929-1930]), Eisner (1989; 2005), Eco (2015), McCloud (1995) e Kress e van Leeuwen (2006[1996]). Compreendemos importante nosso estudo, ao considerarmos o aumento da multiplicidade e integração de modos de significado na produção de sentidos gerando construções textuais multimodais que afetam diretamente a vida dos sujeitos que com elas interagem (CAZDEN; COPE; FAIRCLOUGH; GEE et al, 1996). Acreditamos que nosso texto pode auxiliar a entender, mesmo que parcialmente, o processo de produção de signos visuais a partir dos estudos do gênero arte sequencial e que, ao apontarmos para as propriedades ideológicas do signo podemos proporcionar maior reflexão em processos pedagógicos e de produção que lidam com a multimodalidade verbo-visual.
O mito do empreendedorismo e a prática do design
Authors: Gonçalves Luciana Siqueira , Cipiniuk Albert
Published: January 2023

Desde meados do século XX o modo de produção capitalista vem passando por profundas transformações que afetaram a organização produtiva mundial e, consequentemente, o modo de ser dos trabalhadores. Estas transformações que ocorreram no capitalismo foram muito significativas e a vida prática e cotidiana da população como um todo vem sendo reconfigurada. Este artigo buscou fazer uma análise das repercussões no mundo do trabalho, particularmente dos designers, em decorrência destas metamorfoses que estão relacionadas ao neoliberalismo e ao o que ficou conhecido como reestruturação produtiva. Essa nova forma do trabalho, especialmente a chamada gestão empresarial, exigiu uma diferente postura do designer que teve que passar a atuar de maneira compatível com a lógica do empreendedorismo. O objetivo principal foi examinar alguns reflexos destas transformações que incidiram sobre o Campo do Design.
DESEMPENHO DE COTISTAS DAS IFES NO ENADE EM PERSPECTIVA COMPARADA
Authors: Meireles Everson , Santana Luciana Alaíde Alves , Carvalho José Jorge , Nacif Paulo Gabriel Soledade
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi o de comparar o desempenho de cotistas e não cotistas no Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade), edições de 2015 a 2017. Foram utilizados microdados do Enade disponibilizados pelo Inep, especificamente informações sobre: perfil social dos/as estudantes, modalidade de ingresso nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES), curso de graduação, nota no Enade e participação em programas acadêmicos e de assistência estudantil. Foram incluídos 171.275 estudantes de 86 diferentes cursos de graduação. Diferenças significativas de desempenho de cotistas e não cotistas foram observadas para 47,7% dos cursos, com tamanhos de efeito baixo-desprezíveis. Melhores desempenhos foram observados entre os/as que participaram de programas com bolsas acadêmicas.Palavras-chave: Enade. Cotistas. Comparação. Bolsas acadêmicas. Abstract: The objective of the study was to compare the performance of quota holders and non-quota holders in the National Student Performance Exam (Enade), editions from 2015 to 2017. Enade microdata made available by Inep were used, specifically information on: social profile of students, admission modality in Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES), graduation course, grade in Enade and participation in academic and student assistance programs. 171,275 students from 86 different undergraduate courses were included. Important differences in the performance of quota students and non-quota students were observed for 47.7% of the courses, with low-negligible effect sizes. Better performances were observed among those who participated in programs with academic scholarships.Keywords: Enade. Shareholders Students. Comparation. Academic scholarships.
MONITORAMENTO DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE ÁREA DEGRADADAS
Authors: Lenz Elenice Rachid da Silva , Bastos Luiza da Fonseca Mitidieri , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: January 2023

atualmente, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro determina a realização de Projetos de Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas (PRADs) como exigência nos processos de compensação ou licenciamento ambiental de atividades econômicas degradantes do meio ambiente. O presente trabalho pretende abordar as etapas de Monitoramento e Avaliação, recursos gerenciais e estratégicos fundamentais para atestar o sucesso dos PRADs. Para tanto, são analisadas duas propostas de Monitoramento e Avaliação: (a) A Proposta SER (2004) que apresenta diretrizes universais de recuperação, 9 atributos de áreas restauradas e 3 estratégias de avaliação, embora não apresente indicadores RAD; e (b) A Proposta de Melo et al. (2010) que apresenta uma Matriz de Avaliação de Projetos de Restauração, com 7 indicadores RAD, organizados em 3 diferentes etapas da recomposição vegetal. Finalmente, sugere-se a incorporação das etapas de Monitoramento e Avaliação no planejamento de PRADs, como forma de contribuir para o aumento do conhecimento acerca dos processos de restauração.
MONITORAMENTO ECOLÓGICO EM AMBIENTE URBANO EM ECÓTONE DE FLORESTA TROPICAL
Authors: Netto Alena Torres , Lenz Elenice Rachid da Silva , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: January 2023

um projeto paisagístico, de caráter ecológico, deve ser abordado levando-se em conta fatores não só de ordem estética, mas, sobretudo, adaptando-o aos fatores ambientais determinantes, visando à reconstituição, conservação e preservação da fitofisionomia originais. Quanto à área de implantação deste tipo de projeto se localiza numa zona de Mata Atlântica, cuja manutenção é vital, há que ter-se uma enorme responsabilidade para com a natureza. Sua importância se faz sentir no equilíbrio hídrico de uma região; nas condições climáticas; na manutenção da vida animal; na preservação de espécies vegetais de enorme riqueza genética; na proteção dos solos contra deslizamentos, ravinamentos e voçorocas. O terreno em questão envolve uma área denominada “Quinta do Paraíso”, antiga fazenda, onde grandes áreas foram desmatadas. Algumas ilhas de vegetação da mata original, porém, foram preservadas. Existe ainda no local vestígio de Mata Atlântica Primária e Secundária. O local caracteriza-se por acentuada movimentação topográfica, visto que faz parte do Complexo da Serra dos Órgãos, na região N-NO e esta é sua característica mais marcante, seguindo as características da Serra do Mar. A altitude varia entre a cota 920 e a cota 1160, formando elevações, por vezes abruptas, com afloramentos rochosos, ou pequenos morros entre os quais se delineiam pequenos espaços mais planos, pequenas planícies aluviais, que facilitam a adequação do terreno ao empreendimento pretendido.
MONITORAMENTO IN VITRO DE BIOINDICADOR AMBIENTAL
Authors: Lelacher Carolina , Netto Alena Torres , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: January 2023

como existe uma intima relação entre comportamento da capacidade de colonizar, e características bionômicas, de muscóideos calculou-se tabelas de vida e curva de sobrevivência de Atherigona orientalis, uma espécie – chave em taxocenoses neotropicais.A esperança de vida calculada (ex) variou de 4, 417 em x1 ate 0,5 em x8. Nesta tabela cada intervalo de observação (24 horas) tem valor correspondente nas colunas de esperança de vida e risco de sobrevivência, que indica a probabilidade de ocorrer a morte desses indivíduos antes da expectativa determinada por Lx. Pelo cálculo da taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro), determinou-se que essa amostragem populacional de Atherigona orientalis, mantida nessas condições tem capacidade teórica de aumento de 101,34 vezes de uma geração para outra. Enquanto a taxa intrínseca de crescimento (Rm) foi de 1,58. A curva de sobrevivência tende para o tipo III. i. e.. existe uma fração relativamente constante de indivíduos que morrem em cada um dos intervalos de idade. Os valores dx tornam – se gradualmente menores dado que o número de sobreviventes (1x) vai diminuindo com os intervalos de x.