bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Origin of the Split Main Sequences of the Young Massive Cluster NGC 1856
Authors: Wang 王 Li 莉 , Li 李 Chengyuan 程远 , Wang 王 Long 龙 , He 贺 Chenyu 辰昱 , Wang 王 Chen 晨
Published: May 2023

The detection of split main sequences (MSs) associated with young clusters (≲600 Myr) has attracted a lot of attention. A prevailing scenario is that a bimodality of stellar rotation distribution drives the bifurcation of the MS. Nevertheless, the origin of the stellar rotation dichotomy remains unclear. Hypotheses involving tidally locked binaries or blue straggler stars (BSSs) have been proposed to explain the observed split MSs. This work examines if the long-term dynamical evolution of star clusters can produce the observed split MSs, through high-performance N-body simulation. For example, the young massive cluster NGC 1856 exhibits an apparent MS bifurcation. Our simulation reports that at the age of NGC 1856, tidally locked binaries are fully mixed with single stars. This is consistent with the observation that there is no significant spatial difference between blue MS and red MS stars. However, we find that only high-mass-ratio binaries can evolve to the tidally locked phase at the age of the NGC 1856. These tidally locked binaries will populate a much redder sequence than the MS of single stars rather than a blue MS, which is inconsistent with the hypothesis. The number of tidally locked binaries cannot account for the observation. Our simulation shows that BSSs produced by binary interactions do populate in the blue periphery as shown in a color–magnitude diagram, and their spatial distribution shows a similar pattern of single stars. However, the number of BSSs does not fit the observation.
Redéfinir les « choses mêmes »
Authors: Dawsey Jason , Wilhelm Perrine
Published: May 2023

Pendant des décennies, l’objectif de concevoir une « philosophie concrète » a orienté les travaux philosophiques de Günther Anders. Pourtant, il nous faut encore fournir une contextualisation historique et un examen critique de cet aspect crucial de sa pensée. Dans cet essai, j’examine les textes publiés et non publiés (de son vivant) qu’Anders a écrits contre Martin Heidegger à partir de la fin des années 1940. C’est bien dans ces textes qu’Anders explicite et détaille ce qu’est pour lui une philosophie de la « concrétude ». Cet article nous permettra, du moins je l’espère, de faire apparaître la philosophie d’Anders et de mieux discerner comment s’est formé le système d’idées qui sous-tend l’ opus magnum d’Anders, L’Obsolescence de l’homme .
Depuis les marges de la théologie et des études sur le handicap
Authors: Cooreman-Guittin Talitha
Published: May 2023

Les personnes en situation de handicap réclament une pleine participation à la vie de la société. Prendre une part active dans le leadership des communautés devient alors un enjeu des théologies du handicap. Dans cette contribution, nous regarderons comment les disability studies ont permis le développement d’une pensée proprement en prise avec la question du handicap. Les théologiens du handicap vont jusqu’à proposer l’image de « Dieu handicapé » ( Disabled God ) et n’hésitent pas à affirmer que dans un Au-delà radicalement inclusif, tous seront les bienvenus, avec ou sans déficiences. Certains de ces théologiens n’hésitent pas à dépasser le paradigme de l’inclusion pour exiger plus de leadership des personnes en situation de handicap, ce qui serait selon eux crucial pour une compréhension théologique juste et ajustée.
L’expérience du trouble dans l’Écriture
Authors: Le Goaziou Thierry
Published: May 2023

La rencontre avec une personne en situation de handicap est toujours une expérience troublante. Cette relation asymétrique génère un ensemble de ressentis perturbés qui questionne la qualité de la communication intersubjective. Pour le chrétien, cette irruption de l’imprévu est l’occasion d’une réflexion critique sur la place de la sensibilité dans sa vie de foi. L’Écriture atteste de la présence de cette notion polysémique. Du cri troublé du psalmiste au désarroi du Christ rappelant des limbes son ami Lazare en passant par la réception différenciée de l’annonciation par Marie et Zacharie, l’utile figure du trouble est riche de sa diversité. Sa pertinence éthique au sein d’une théologie de l’acceptation permet au croyant de mieux en comprendre le sens, et de vivre avec, s’épanouissant ainsi en être troublé devant la face de Dieu.
Des journalistes sur-sélectionné·e·s
Authors: Louazon Elena
Published: May 2023

Résumé Cet article étudie un dispositif de « diversité » mis en place conjointement par Radio France et par des écoles de journalisme pour former des étudiant·e·s. La recherche montre que le programme d'ouverture peine à contrer les effets des moments de sélection successifs pour accéder au journalisme. La forte sélectivité scolaire des écoles de journalisme, les attentes des entreprises de médias, et les pratiques de recrutement des rédacteur·rice·s en chef illustrent des contraintes structurelles au champ journalistique, qui sont autant d'obstacles à la présence ou la persistance dans la profession d'une « diversité » socio-économique pourtant souhaitée par l'ensemble des enquêté·e·s.
Diseases of black soldier flies Hermetia illucens L. a future challenge for production?
Authors: Jensen A.B. , Lecocq A.
Published: May 2023

Pathogens are a challenge for all biological production systems. For producers of insects for food and feed, they can result in extensive production and economic losses. Black soldier flies (BSF) are considered very robust and resistant to insect diseases, however, emerging diseases may suddenly appear in the future. Insects can become infected by many types of pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, nematodes and viruses. BSF have been experimentally infected by fungal, bacterial and nematode entomopathogens in the laboratory and recent bioinformatics studies have revealed evidence of the presence of past and present viruses in BSF samples. Mitigation of emerging BSF pathogens, will require further research and development that include collaboration between scientists, laboratories specialised in insect pathology as well as with the industry.
Let's Hang On! Ramping Up Nurse Resident Retention Strategies After the Pandemic
Authors: Amicucci Bernadette , Titus Daisy , Warren Meg
Published: May 2023

The nurse residency program (NRP) was developed as a recruitment strategy for new graduate registered nurses (NGRNs). The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic impacted health care in many ways, including causing a decline in NGRN retention rates. Post-pandemic, the NRP needed to incorporate strategies that would promote nursing retention. Effective collaboration and innovative strategies were found to be key elements in promoting successful NGRN retention.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2023;54(6):245–247.]
Collaborative and Interprofessional Educational Program to Maintain Trauma-Focused Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Garvey Paula K. , Justice Stephanie L.
Published: May 2023

Failure to rescue is prevalent among patients with traumatic injury who are admitted to medical-surgical units. These units are traditionally staffed by new graduate nurses who require mentorship and ongoing continuing education. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic prompted nurse educators to develop and implement new methods of providing routine and just-in-time education in the hospital setting. This article describes a trauma-focused educational program with live sessions and online educational activities created with survey software.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2023;54(6):275–280.]
Effects of the maturity level and pod conditioning period of cocoa pods on the changes of physicochemical properties of the beans of Sulawesi 2 (S2) cocoa clone
Authors: Laylah Nur , Salengke S. , Laga Amran , Supratomo Supratomo
Published: May 2023

Cocoa quality largely depends on postharvest processing, including fruit maturity levels and practices, such as ripening (pod conditioning), fermentation, drying, and roasting. This study aimed to identify the effects of the maturity level and pod conditioning period of cocoa pods on the changes in the physicochemical properties of the beans of Sulawesi 2 (S2) cocoa clone from Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Two treatment variables were applied and assessed: fruit maturity levels (treatment A) and duration of pod conditioning (treatment B). Results indicated that pulp weight ranged from 29.69–47.96 g/100 g fresh beans, pulp moisture was 74.43%–83.29%, total sugar content was 4.28%–11.91%, sucrose content was 0.33%–0.88%, glucose/fructose was 3.84%–11.09%, and cocoa pulp pH was 3.27–3.79. The bean moisture was 37.13%–58.67%, bean weight was 54.19–72.4 g/100 g fresh beans, and polyphenol content ranged from 4.76–13.05 mg/g in gallic acid equivalents. Statistical analyses indicated that fruit maturity level did not have a significant effect on the weight, moisture, total sugar content, glucose/fructose content or pH of the pulp or the moisture content and weight of the bean. However, fruit maturity level significantly affected the polyphenol and pulp sucrose contents of the bean. Furthermore, pod conditioning had significant effects on the weight, total sugar content, sucrose content, and glucose/fructose content of the pulp as well as the weight and polyphenol contents of the beans. The effects of pod conditioning on the moisture and pH of the pulp and the bean moisture content were insignificant. Pod conditioning for 6 days with an A2 maturity level not only reduced the acidity of the cocoa beans, but it also increased the polyphenol content and the weight of the beans. Increased bean weight will increase the yield of cocoa beans. Therefore, pod conditioning for 6 days with an A2 maturity level can be applied to the cocoa processing industry, especially before carrying out the cocoa bean fermentation.
Dynamics of a three-molecule autocatalytic Schnakenberg model with cross-diffusion: Turing patterns of spatially homogeneous Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions
Authors: Li Weiyu , Wang Hongyan
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a three-molecule autocatalytic Schnakenberg model with cross-diffusion is established, the instability of bifurcating periodic solutions caused by diffusion is studied, that is, diffusion can destabilize the stable periodic solutions of the ordinary differential equation (ODE) system. First, utilizing the local Hopf bifurcation theory, the central manifold theory, the normal form method and the regular perturbation theory of the infinite dimensional dynamical system, the stability of periodic solutions for the ODE system is discussed. Second, for this model, according to the implicit function existence theorem and Floquet theory, the Turing instability of spatially homogeneous Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions is studied. It is proved that the otherwise stable Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions in the ODE system produces Turing instability in the Schnakenberg model with cross-diffusion. Finally, through numerical simulations, it is verified that Turing instability of periodic solutions is determined by cross-diffusion rates.
Adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant attitude control for flexible satellites based on T-S fuzzy disturbance modeling
Authors: Hang Bin , Su Beibei , Deng Weiwei
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the fault tolerance problem of flexible satellites subject to actuator faults and multiple disturbances. An adaptive sliding mode fault tolerant control (ASMFTC) approach based on Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy disturbance observer (TSFDO) is presented for attitude control system (ACS) under loss of actuator effectiveness, environmental disturbance torque and elastic modal generated by flexible appendages. Compared with the traditional disturbance observer based control (DOBC) methods, the T-S fuzzy technology is applied to estimate the unknown nonlinear elastic modal. Then, the energy bounded disturbance is eliminated by designing an adaptive sliding mode controller. The proposed ASMFTC design can guarantee the sliding surface to approach zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the control method proposed in this paper is further verified by comparative simulation.
L’avenir d’un féodalisme incertain ? Ruptures, paradigmes scientifiques et enjeux théoriques
Authors: Perreaux Nicolas
Published: May 2023

À partir d’analyses à différentes échelles, combinant méthodes traditionnelles et numériques, l’article propose d’explorer le positionnement d’Alain Guerreau – auteur de nombreux ouvrages sur l’Europe médiévale et la méthode historique – au sein des études médiévales et du paradigme « féodaliste » en particulier. Il cherche tout d’abord à mieux cerner l’originalité de l’auteur, avant d’explorer la nature des concepts qu’il propose. Notre hypothèse est que cet ensemble constitue un nouveau paradigme historien, largement différent des approches antérieures, y compris celles liées au féodalisme historique. La dernière partie de l’essai est consacrée à l’étude des mécanismes de résistance liés à l’émergence de ces propositions, à partir de différentes théories issues de l’histoire et de la philosophie des sciences. Afin de construire puis d’appuyer sa démonstration, l’article propose en parallèle l’examen de différents corpus historiographiques, issus de différentes revues nationales et internationales, lemmatisés et explorés à l’aide d’outils relevant de la fouille de textes et de la stylométrie.
Féodalités et féodalismes face au comparatisme : les cas africains
Authors: Dufal Blaise
Published: May 2023

La notion de féodalité et les comparaisons avec les sociétés européennes médiévales ont fait partie de l’arsenal explicatif et interprétatif des colons européennes au cours du xixe et du xxe siècle dans leurs diverses entreprises de description des sociétés indigènes et de saisie de l’histoire des sociétés précoloniales africaines. Au cours de la seconde partie du xxe siècle, la grille d’analyse marxiste a apporté une nouvelle dimension au regards extérieur sur l’histoire du continent africain en proposant diverses modalités pour l’inscrire dans une conception évolutionniste. Au final, le bilan d’une période historiographiquement révolue montre que les sociétés africaines pré-coloniales n’ont pas grand-chose à voir avec la féodalité médiévale européenne, et que la question du mode de production féodale a par contre permis des discussions intéressantes pour mieux saisir certaines spécificités africaines. Finalement, la période la plus féodale que le continent africain ait connue fut sans doute la période coloniale…
O tribalismo e as condições para o estreitamento moral sob lentes humeanas
Authors: Brod Celina Alcantara
Published: May 2023

O tribalismo pode ser visto como um instinto enraizado em nossa psicologia, uma vez que a habilidade humana de coalizão possibilitou a sobrevivência da nossa espécie. Nossas sociedades evoluíram com a cooperação utilizando a mais sofisticada ferramenta interpessoal: a moral. A despeito do tribalismo, humanos também foram capazes de criar morais inclusivas, alargando o círculo moral. Contudo, conflitos contemporâneos mostram que tribalismos excludentes intrassociais não desaparecem facilmente. Nesse trabalho pretendo delimitar as condições que permitem um regresso ao tribalismo excludente; um tribalismo que adota uma moralidade seletiva e corrompe o potencial de uma moral inclusiva. Este artigo explora a seguinte pergunta: como crenças separatistas são avivadas e estimulam grupos da mesma sociedade a excluírem outros grupos do seu círculo moral? Esse trabalho combina teorias evolucionárias, experimentos da psicologia social com alguns pressupostos de David Hume e sua explicação sobre a formação das nossas crenças. O objetivo é elucidar o processo que viabiliza o estreitamento moral característico do tribalismo. O resultado é um trabalho introdutório sobre a identificação de domínios situacionais, disposicionais, epistêmicos e morais, elementos que possuem o potencial de alterar juízos cognitivos e morais, desencadeando um regresso ao tribalismo excludente e a um consequente estreitamento moral.
A crítica da religião no encontro de Michel Henry com a filosofia marxiana
Authors: Lind Andreas Gonçalves
Published: May 2023

A crítica que o jovem Marx dirige contra a religião, em geral, e contra o argumento ontológico, em particular, constitui um ponto de intersecção entre a filosofia marxiana e a fenomenologia radical de Michel Henry. Ao rejeitar a noção de um Deus transcendente, bem como as provas racionais da sua existência, o Marx de Henry refuta, por um lado, todas as críticas da religião que se situam na esfera da pura racionalidade como permite, por outro, conceber uma religiosidade assente na noção de um Deus radicalmente imanente.
Resistencia ética, resentimiento y temporalidad quebrada:
Authors: Pérez Baquero Rafael
Published: May 2023

El propósito de este artículo es el de ofrecer tanto una interpretación de las ideas y presupuestos que subyacen a la ética en torno al resentimiento que desarrolló el intelectual austriaco Jean Améry, como una proyección de sus ideas en el debate contemporáneo en torno a los proyectos recientes de justicia transicional. A partir del diálogo con las ideas de esta víctima del Holocausto explicitaremos las diferentes dimensiones psicológicas, morales y temporales que subyacen a los procesos de gestión ético-política de legados de violencia colectiva que siguen acechando a los sistemas políticos actuales.
On Human Enhancement, Optimism, Risk, Existential Risk, and How to Manage and Regulate It:
Authors: Vilaça Murilo Mariano , Karasinski Murilo
Published: May 2023

Interview with Anders Sandberg.
4H-SiC Full Wafer Mapping Image of CMP-Finished Sub-Surface Damage by Laser Light Scattering
Authors: Dojima Daichi , Dansako Daichi , Maki Mizuho , Toda Kohei , Kaneko Tadaaki
Published: May 2023

Developing an observation method for distributing sub-surface damage (SSD) on large-diameter 4H-SiC bulk wafers formed by mechanical processing can significantly improve the epitaxial and bulk growth processes. This study used a novel laser light scattering (LLS) technique to observe SSD distribution on a 6-inch 4H-SiC (0001) wafer. As a result, scattering intensity distributions similar to the grinding and lap-polishing traces and the shape of the jig used to hold the wafer during polishing were observed on the CMP-finished SiC wafer surface. Since the surface topography of the area was flat by a laser microscopy observation, it is assumed that this is the SSD. This result suggests that LLS can be a wafer inspection method that can observe SSD distribution. In addition, wafer inspection using LLS has demonstrated that it is possible to observe scratches, particles, and macrostep bunching. This method is anticipated to allow further optimization of the mechanical processing and thermal etching process prior to CVD epitaxial growth.
Characterization of Breath Sensor at Different Frequencies in Outdoor Condition
Authors: Suhimi Norfatiha , Saad Nor Hayati , Yusoff Noriah
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates a breath sensor device that is designed to detect the moisture in human bulk matrix in outdoor conditions. The human bulk matrix is rich in moisture and carbon dioxide apart from the 872 volatile organic compounds emanating from the human breath. Human breathing effort is a respiration process that involves inhalation and exhalation modes. The human bulk matrix is a product of the latter. Most research in human breath analysis is concentrating on both human bulk matrix and breathing pattern. The aim of this study is to characterize the fabricated breath sensor at different input wave frequencies in the outdoor environment. In this study, an outdoor experiment was carried out using the breath sensor device that is connected to the input waveform from the frequency generator and the output reading is captured using the oscilloscope. A single exhaled breath originated from the human subject is required to activate the breath sensor. This method is easier and simpler, and the output wave result is generated by an oscilloscope in real-time. The result indicates that the investigated breath sensor is suitable for clinical and healthcare monitoring. Early studies indicate that the breath sensor can diagnose diseases related to breathing problems such as sleep apnoea, asthma, and strokes.
Neurocognitive Errors and Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Professional Male Soccer Players
Authors: Gokeler Alli , Tosarelli Filippo , Buckthorpe Matthew , Della Villa Francesco
Published: May 2023

Context

Evidence is emerging that core neurocognitive functions such as working memory and inhibitory control (ie, motor-response and attentional inhibition) are linked to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. Research has been conducted in laboratory settings, but the contribution of neurocognition to actual ACL injuries under real-world conditions is unknown.

Objective

To describe the possible neurocognitive errors involved in noncontact ACL injury mechanisms.

Design

Case series.

Setting

Soccer matches.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 47 professional male soccer players.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Three independent reviewers evaluated 47 videos of players sustaining noncontact ACL injuries. Neurocognitive errors in inhibitory control were operationalized as follows: (1) motor-response inhibition was scored when a player demonstrated poor decision-making and approached the opponent with high speed that reduced the ability to stop or change the intended action and (2) an attentional error was scored when a player shifted his selective attention away from the relevant task to irrelevant stimuli.

Results

Of 47 noncontact ACL injuries, 26 (55%) were related to a pressing-type injury, 19 (73%) of which involved a deceiving action made by the opponent, suggesting poor inhibitory control of the defender. Of the remaining 21 noncontact ACL injuries (45%), 16 (76%) could be attributed to attentional errors. Agreement among the 3 raters was very good for all items except poor decision-making, which showed fair to good agreement (Fleiss κ = 0.71). Interrater reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99–1.00).

Conclusions

Errors in motor-response inhibitory control and attentional inhibition were common during noncontact ACL injury events in professional male soccer players. The interrater agreement in detecting neurocognitive errors in general was very good.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SERIES Study design: the soul of the recipe for clinical research
Authors: Kamath Nivedita , Priyamvada PS , Iyengar Arpana
Published: May 2023

A good research study begins with a good hypothesis. From the hypothesis arise the objectives of the study. The study design is the instrument to carry out the objective in the best possible manner. Choosing the right study design is the first important step in the conduct of a research study. Study designs can be classified as observational or interventional based on whether the objective is to ‘observe’ a process or actively ‘intervene’ with a drug or surgical intervention. The most basic observational study designs include descriptive studies-case reports, case series or cross-sectional studies that are hypothesis generating study designs. The analytical study designs include case-control and cohort studies where the researcher tries to establish an association between the exposure and outcome. This article provides an overview of the various study designs.
Systemic vasculitis as a COVID -19 sequela in a patient with end-stage renal disease on chronic haemodialysis – A rare presentation
Authors: Mulpuri Niharika , Nagaraju Shankar Prasad , Prabhu A Ravindra , Rao Indu R , Jasti Dushyanth Babu
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 is an ongoing global pandemic that has varied systemic manifestations. A 48-year-old male, with chronic kidney disease stage 5 on chronic haemodialysis and past history of COVID-19 three months ago, presented with urticarial skin rash and abdominal pain of seven days' duration. His immune workup ANA, ANCA, and Anti-GBM were negative. Punch biopsy of skin lesions showed immune complex vasculitis with C3, IgA, IgM, and fibrinogen deposition. His repeat throat and nasal swabs for COVID-19 were negative. After two days, he developed right axonal brachial plexopathy and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. He was managed with intravenous methylprednisolone and five cycles of therapeutic plasma exchange. Thereafter, he was continued on oral prednisone and modified renal dose of oral cyclophosphamide. His regular maintenance hemodialysis sessions were continued. After two months, skin lesions resolved and limb weakness improved. Awareness of rare complications after COVID-19 recovery is essential for early recognition and appropriate management of these patients.
Risperidone as a galactogogue of choice in peripartum
Authors: Raji Saheed Olanrewaju , Oriji Sunday Onyemaechi , Ahmad Adam
Published: May 2023

Human lactation is a dynamic physiological process that produces a complex biological fluid that provides nutritive and nonnutritive factors for an optimal child growth and well-being. Several factors play a formidable role in maternal breast milk production with respect to quality, and quantity, which will adequately sustain the child for at least the first 6 months after delivery. Evidence has shown majority of new mothers who wished to immediately commence exclusive breastfeeding after birth as recommended by the WHO, are unable to initiate lactation immediately. In view of this lactation insufficiency, health-care personnel have not only been campaigning on appropriate breastfeeding education but also offer early lactation support such as encouraging liberal fluid intake, dietary modifications, and in a worst-case scenario, administering agents/drugs such as galactogogue. Orthodox galactogogues in current use are either hormonal or antipsychotics; most of them have relative efficacy and safety limitations. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic which has been used for decades with established safety in lactating mothers and the highest propensity to induce galactorrhea as a secondary effect when compared to other antipsychotics that are currently being used as galactogogues. We call the attention of the medical community in conducting further researches on its possible adoption as a galactogogue, using this review as an insight.
An approach to the management and care of an individual with 46, XX ovotesticular disorder of sexual differentiation
Authors: Castro-Abesamis Maria Angela B. de , Martinez-Bucu Mikaela Erlinda G.
Published: May 2023

Ovotesticular disorder of sexual differentiation (OT-DSD) is a rare condition defined by the presence of both testicular and ovarian elements in the same individual. Definitive diagnosis is made based on histological assessment of the gonad/s confirming both ovarian and testicular components. In this paper, we describe how a diagnosis of 46XX, OT-DSD was made in a 20-year-old individual with enlarged breasts and ambiguous genitalia. The initial impression was congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) based on 46, XX karyotype and absence of testes on physical examination and imaging. However, biochemical tests were inconsistent with CAH, hence a more probable diagnosis of 46, XX OT-DSD was considered. The patient suffered from gender dysphoria and after extensive counseling, he decided to undergo gender-affirming surgery: laparoscopic excision of the left gonad, subtotal hysterectomy, bilateral mastectomy, and a masculinizing genitoplasty. Histopathology of the left gonad revealed an ovotestes which confirmed the diagnosis of 46, XX OT-DSD.
Exposure of reproductive-aged pregnant and nonpregnant women to common environmental pollutants and endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Authors: Llamas-Clark Erlidia F. , Heralde Francisco M. , Cagayan Maria Stephanie Fay S. , Uy Maria Esterlita V. , Medina John Robert , Ubial Paulyn Jean R.
Published: May 2023

CONTEXT:

Exposure to environmental pollutants (EP) and Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with several general negative health effects which compromise women's reproductive health, maternal, and neonatal outcomes. Unfortunately, many nonpregnant and pregnant women are unaware of their active exposure to these potentially slow-acting toxic substances, EPs, and EDCs. At any stage of life, and in the long-term minute exposures, there is no established safe level of exposure to these substances. Due to the potentially harmful effects on women in general, and to the pregnant and her unborn child in particular, it is important to establish the prevalence of their exposure.

AIMS:

The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude (prevalence) of exposure among nonpregnant and pregnant women aged 18–49 years to common EPs/EDCs such as bisphenol A, pesticides, phthalates, and perfluorinated compounds among others.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This study was conducted at the Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

The study participants were nonpregnant and pregnant women, with low-risk singleton pregnancy, and had a prenatal checkup and eventual delivery at the Philippine General Hospital. After consent, women were asked to answer a survey focused on their sociodemographics and frequency of exposure to EP- and EDC-containing items.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Null hypotheses were rejected at 0.05 α-level of significance. The computer software STATA 13.1 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS:

One hundred and fifty-nine survey responses by women were analyzed. Possible EDC-containing household items (carpets, linoleum, upholstered, and stain-resistant furniture) are more prevalent in the homes of pregnant women compared to nonpregnant women. Pregnant women are also exposed to wallpapers compared to nonpregnant individuals. Nonpregnant women were 1.5 times more exposed to lotions. Unexposure to hand sanitizers is 1.3 times higher among pregnant individuals.

CONCLUSIONS:

There are differences in the prevalence of exposure to household EDC-containing items between pregnant and nonpregnant women, with pregnant women having a higher prevalence of exposure.
Stability of self-similar solutions to geometric flows
Authors: Du Hengrong , Yip N.K.
Published: May 2023

We show that self-similar solutions for the mean curvature flow, surface diffusion, and Willmore flow of entire graphs are stable upon perturbations of initial data with small Lipschitz norm. Roughly speaking, the perturbed solutions are asymptotically self-similar as time tends to infinity. Our results are built upon the global analytic solutions constructed by Koch and Lamm in 2012, the compactness arguments adapted by Asai and Giga in 2014, and the spatial equi-decay properties on certain weighted function spaces. The proof for all of the above flows are achieved in a unified framework by utilizing the estimates of the linearized operator.
LS algebras, valuations, and Schubert varieties
Authors: Chirivì R. , Fang Xin , Littelmann Peter
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we propose an algebraic approach via Lakshmibai–Seshadri (LS) algebras to establish a link between standard monomial theories, Newton–Okounkov bodies and valuations. This is applied to Schubert varieties, where this approach is compatible with the one using Seshadri stratifications in arXiv:2112.03776, showing that LS paths encode vanishing multiplicities with respect to the web of Schubert varieties.
New examples of tangentially degenerate curves
Authors: Fukasawa Satoru
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a method of constructing tangentially degenerate curves admitting a birational Gauss map, focusing on the non-classicality of automorphisms of the curves.
Maltsev equal-norm tight frames
Authors: Novikov Sergey Yakovlevich , Sevost'yanova Victoria Vladimirovna
Published: May 2023

A frame in $\mathbb{R}^d$ is a set of $n\geqslant d$ vectors whose linear span coincides with $\mathbb{R}^d$. A frame is said to be equal-norm if the norms of all its vectors are equal. Tight frames enable one to represent vectors in $\mathbb{R}^d$ in the form closest to the representation in an orthonormal basis. Every equal-norm tight frame is a useful tool for constructing efficient computational algorithms. The construction of such frames in $\mathbb{C}^d$ uses the matrix of the discrete Fourier transform, and the first constructions of equal-norm tight frames in $\mathbb{R}^d$ appeared only at the beginning of the 21st century. The present paper shows that Maltsev's note of 1947 was decades ahead of its time and turned out to be missed by the experts in frame theory, and Maltsev should be credited for the world's first design of an equal-norm tight frame in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Our main purpose is to show the historical significance of Maltsev's discovery. We consider his paper from the point of view of the modern theory of frames in finite-dimensional spaces. Using the Naimark projectors and other operator methods, we study important frame-theoretic properties of the Maltsev construction, such as the equality of moduli of pairwise scalar products (equiangularity) and the presence of full spark, that is, the linear independence of any subset of $d$ vectors in the frame.
Canonical form of the $C^*$-algebra of eikonals related to a metric graph
Authors: Belishev Mikhail Igorevich , Kaplun Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: May 2023

The eikonal algebra $\mathfrak E$ of a metric graph $\Omega$ is an operator $C^*$-algebra
defined by the dynamical system which describes the propagation
of waves generated by sources supported at
the boundary vertices of $\Omega$.
This paper describes the canonical block form of the algebra $\mathfrak E$ for
an arbitrary compact connected metric graph. Passing to
this form is equivalent to constructing a functional model which realizes
$\mathfrak E$ as an algebra of continuous matrix-valued functions on its
spectrum $\widehat{\mathfrak{E}}$. The results are intended to be used in
the inverse problem of recovering
the graph from
spectral and dynamical boundary data.
Arithmetic of certain $\ell$-extensions ramified at three places. III
Authors: Kuz'min Leonid Viktorovich
Published: May 2023

Let $\ell$ be a regular odd prime, $K$ the $\ell$ th cyclotomic field and
$K=k(\sqrt[\ell]{a} )$, where $a$ is a positive integer. Under the
assumption that there are exactly three places ramified in the extension
$K_\infty/k_\infty$, we study the $\ell$-component of the class group of the
field $K$. We prove that in the case $\ell>3$ there always is an unramified
extension $\mathcal{N}/K$ such that $G(\mathcal{N}/K)\cong (\mathbb
Z/\ell\mathbb Z)^2$ and all places over $\ell$ split completely in the
extension $\mathcal{N}/K$. In the case $\ell=3$ we give a complete
description of the situation. Some other results are obtained.
Equivariant completions of affine spaces
Authors: Arzhantsev Ivan , Zaitseva Yulia Ivanovna
Published: May 2023

We survey recent results on open embeddings of the affine space $\mathbb{C}^n$ into a complete algebraic variety $X$ such that the action of the vector group $\mathbb{G}_a^n$ on $\mathbb{C}^n$ by translations extends to an action of $\mathbb{G}_a^n$ on $X$. We begin with the Hassett-Tschinkel correspondence describing equivariant embeddings of $\mathbb{C}^n$ into projective spaces and present its generalization for embeddings into projective hypersurfaces. Further sections deal with embeddings into flag varieties and their degenerations, complete toric varieties, and Fano varieties of certain types.
Bibliography: 109 titles.
On the integrability of the equations of dynamics in a non-potential force field
Authors: Kozlov Valery Vasil'evich
Published: May 2023

A range of issues related to the integration of the equations of motion of mechanical systems in non-potential force fields (often called circulatory systems) are discussed. The approach to integration is based on the Euler-Jacobi-Lie theorem: for exact integration of a system with $n$ degrees of freedom it is necessary to have $2n-2$ additional first integrals and symmetry fields (taking the conservation of the phase volume into account) which are in certain natural relations to one another. The cases of motion in non-potential force fields that are integrable by separation of variables are specified. Geometric properties of systems with non-Noether symmetry fields are discussed. Examples of the existence of irreducible polynomial integrals of the third degree in the momentum are given. The problem of conditions for the existence of single-valued polynomial integrals of circulatory systems with two degrees of freedom and toric configuration spaces is considered. It is shown that in a typical case the equations of motion do not admit non-constant polynomial integrals.
Bibliography: 32 titles.
Classification of involutive commutative two-valued groups
Authors: Buchstaber Victor Matveevich , Veselov Aleksandr Petrovich , Gaifullin Alexander Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2023

A complete classification of finitely generated involutive commutative two-valued groups is obtained. Three series of such two-valued groups are constructed: a principal series, a unipotent series, and a special series; it is shown that any finitely generated involutive commutative two-valued group is isomorphic to a two-valued group in one of these series. A number of classification results are obtained for topological involutive commutative two-valued groups in the Hausdorff and locally compact cases. The classification of algebraic involutive two-valued groups in the one-dimensional case is also discussed.
Bibliography: 45 titles.
Iterates of holomorphic maps, fixed points, and domains of univalence
Authors: Goryainov Victor Vladimirovich , Kudryavtseva Olga Sergeevna , Solodov Aleksei Petrovich
Published: May 2023

Fixed points play an important part in the dynamics of a holomorphic map. Given a holomorphic self-map of a unit disc, all of its fixed points, with the exception of at most one of them, lie on the boundary of the disc. Furthermore, it turns out that the existence of an angular derivative and its value at a boundary fixed point affect significantly the behaviour of the map itself and its iterates. In addition, some classical problems in geometric function theory acquire new settings and statements in this context. These questions are considered in this paper. The presentation focuses on the problem of fractional iterations, domains of univalence, and the influence of the angular derivative at a boundary fixed point on the regions of values of Taylor coefficients. Bibliography: 90 titles.
Trace formula for the magnetic Laplacian at zero energy level
Authors: Kordyukov Yuri Arkadevich
Published: May 2023

The paper is devoted to the trace formula for the magnetic Laplacian associated with a magnetic system on a compact manifold. This formula is a natural generalization of Gutzwiller's semiclassical trace formula and reduces to it in the case when the magnetic field form is exact. It differs slightly from the Guillemin-Uribe trace formula considered in a previous paper of the author and Taimanov. Moreover, in contrast to that paper, the focus is on the trace formula at the zero energy level, which is a critical energy level. An overview of the main notions and results related to the trace formula at the zero energy level is presented, various approaches to its proof are described, and concrete examples of its computation are given. In addition, a brief review of Gutzwiller's trace formula for regular and critical energy levels is presented.
Bibliography: 88 titles.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for extending a function to a Carathéodory function
Authors: Buslaev Viktor Ivanovich
Published: May 2023

A criterion deciding whether a function given by its values (with multiplicities) at a sequence of points in the disc $\mathbb D=\{|z|<1\}$ can be extended to a holomorphic function with nonnegative real part in $\mathbb D$ is stated and proved. In the case when this function is given by the values of its derivatives at $z=0$, this is the well-known Carathéodory criterion. It is also shown that Carathéodory's criterion is a consequence of Schur's criterion and, conversely, Schur's criterion follows from Carathéodory's.
Bibliography: 10 titles.
A direct proof of Stahl's theorem for a generic class of algebraic functions
Authors: Suetin Sergey Pavlovich
Published: May 2023

Under the assumption that Stahl's $S$-compact set exists we give a short proof of the limiting distribution of the zeros of Padé polynomials and the convergence in capacity of diagonal Padé approximants for a generic class of algebraic functions. The proof is direct, rather than by contradiction as Stahl's original proof was. The ‘generic class’ means, in particular, that all the ramification points of the multisheeted Riemann surface of the algebraic function in question are of the second order (that is, all branch points of the function are of square root type). As a consequence, a conjecture of Gonchar relating to Padé approximations is proved for this class of algebraic functions. We do not use the relations of orthogonality for Padé polynomials. The proof is based on the maximum principle only.
Bibliography: 19 titles.
Entropy of a unitary operator on $L^2(\pmb{\mathbb{T}}^n)$
Authors: Afonin Kirill Aleksandrovich , Treschev Dmitry Valerevich
Published: May 2023

The concept of the $\mu$-norm of an operator, introduced in [28], is investigated. The focus is on operators on $L^2(\mathbb{T}^n)$, where $\mathbb{T}^n$ is the $n$-torus (the case when $n=1$ was previously considered in [29]). The main source of motivation for the study was the role of the $\mu$-norm as a key tool in constructing a quantum analogue of
metric entropy, namely, the entropy of a unitary operator on $L^2(\mathcal X,\mu)$, where $(\mathcal X,\mu)$ is a probability space. The properties of the $\mu$-norm are presented and some ways to calculate it for various classes of operators on $L^2(\mathbb{T}^n)$ are described. The construction of entropy proposed in [28] is modified to make it subadditive and
monotone with respect to partitions of $\mathcal X$. Examples of the calculation of entropy are presented for some classes of operators on $L^2(\mathbb{T}^n)$.
Bibliography: 29 titles.
Representation of invariant subspaces of the Schwartz space
Authors: Abuzyarova Natal'ya Fairbakhovna
Published: May 2023

A subspace $W$ of the Schwartz space $C^{\infty} (a,b)$ such that the restriction of the operator of differentiation to $W$ has a discrete spectrum is considered. Conditions for the representation of $W$ as a direct algebraic and topological sum of two subspaces, namely, the residual subspace and the subspace spanned by the exponential monomials from $W$, are investigated. One condition ensuring this representation turns out to be the existence of a functional annihilating $W$ such that the Fourier-Laplace transform of this functional is a slowly decreasing entire function. A new characteristic of complex sequences is introduced and investigated. Using this characteristic, the condition that an invariant subspace is equal to the direct sum of its residual and exponential subspaces can be put into a form that is similar to the previously discovered conditions for the possibility of weak spectral synthesis.
Bibliography: 19 titles.
Derivative of the Minkowski function: optimal estimates
Authors: Gayfulin Dmitry Radislavovich
Published: May 2023

It is well known that the derivative of the Minkowski function $?(x)$, if it exists, can take only two values, $0$ and $+\infty$. It is also known that the value of $?'(x)$ at a point $x=[0;a_1,a_2,…,a_t,…]$ is related to the limiting behaviour of the arithmetic mean $(a_1+a_2+…+a_t)/t$. In particular, as shown by Moshchevitin and Dushistova, if $a_1+a_2+…+a_t>(\kappa_2+\varepsilon)t$, where $\varepsilon>0$ and $\kappa_2\approx 4.4010487$ is some explicitly given constant, then $?'(x)=0$. They also showed that $\kappa_2$ cannot be replaced by a smaller constant. We consider the dual problem: how small can the quantity $\kappa_2t-a_1+a_2+…+a_t$ be if it is known that $?'(x)=0$? We obtain optimal estimates in this problem.
Bibliography: 9 titles.
Distribution of Korobov-Hlawka sequences
Authors: Illarionov Andrei Anatol'evich
Published: May 2023

Let $a_1, …, a_s$ be integers and $N$ be a positive integer. Korobov (1959) and Hlawka (1962) proposed to use the points
$$
x^{(k)}=(\{\frac{a_1 k}N\}, …, \{\frac{a_1 k}N\}),
\qquad k=1,…, N,
$$
as nodes of multidimensional quadrature formulae. We obtain some new results related to the distribution of the sequence $K_N(a)=\{x^{(1)},…,x^{(N)}\}$. In particular, we prove that
$$
\frac{\ln^{s-1} N}{N \ln\ln N} \underset{s}\ll D(K_N(a))
\underset{s}\ll \frac{\ln^{s-1} N}{N} \ln\ln N
$$
for ‘almost all’ $a\in (\mathbb Z_N^*)^s$, where $D(K_N(a))$ is the discrepancy of the sequence $K_N(a)$ from the uniform distribution and $\mathbb Z^*_N$ is the reduced system of residues modulo $N$.
Bibliography: 18 titles.
Asymptotics for problems in perforated domains with Robin nonlinear condition on the boundaries of cavities
Authors: Borisov Denis Ivanovich , Mukhametrakhimova Albina Ishbuldovna
Published: May 2023

A boundary-value problem for a second-order elliptic equation with variable coefficients is considered in a multidimensional domain with periodic perforation by small cavities arranged along a fixed hypersurface at small distances one from another. The distances are proportional to a small parameter $\varepsilon$, and the linear sizes of the cavities are proportional to $\varepsilon\eta(\varepsilon)$, where $\eta(\varepsilon)$ is a function taking values in the interval $[0,1]$. The main result is a complete asymptotic expansion for the solution of the perturbed problem. The asymptotic expansion is a combination of an outer and an inner expansion; it is constructed using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. Both outer and inner expansions are power expansions in $\varepsilon$ with coefficients depending on $\eta$. These coefficients are shown to be infinitely differentiable with respect to $\eta\in(0,1]$ and uniformly bounded in $\eta\in[0,1]$.
Bibliography: 38 titles.
The convex hull and the Carathéodory number of a set in terms of the metric projection operator
Authors: Shklyaev Konstantin Sergeevich
Published: May 2023

We prove that each point of the convex hull of a compact set $M$ in a smooth Banach space $X$ can be approximated arbitrarily well by convex combinations of best approximants from $M$ to $x$ (values of the metric projection operator $P_M(x)$), where $x \in X$. As a corollary, we show that the Carathéodory number of a compact set $M \subset X$ with at most $k$-valued metric projection $P_M$ is majorized by $k$, that is, each point in the convex hull of $M$ lies in the convex hull of at most $k$ points of $M$.
Bibliography: 26 titles.
Бирациональная жесткость трехмерных многообразий дель Пеццо степени 2
Authors: Avilov Artem Alexeevich
Published: May 2023

В этой работе мы классифицируем нодальные рациональные не-$\mathbb{Q}$-факториальные трехмерные многообразия дель Пеццо степени $2$, которые могут быть $G$-бирационально жесткими для некоторой подгруппы $G\subset \operatorname{Aut}(X)$.
Библиография: 29 названий.