bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismicity evolution and rockburst control in the Merensky Reef and UG2 orebody: An intermediate depth platinum mine case study
Authors: Masethe R.T. , Durapraj S. , Maqina U. , Adoko A.C.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates seismicity and rockburst control within the Merensky Reef and UG2 orebody of an intermediate-depth platinum mine located in South Africa's Bushveld Complex. Utilising a mine-wide seismic monitoring system, over 1,900 seismic events were recorded between April 2023 and May 2024, revealing complex seismic patterns driven by mining-induced stress changes. The largest event, with a magnitude of ML 2.0, underscores the seismic risks associated with mining at increasing depths. Key findings include the spatial and temporal variability of seismic events, with high seismic activity observed near pillars and geological structures. A significant portion of events correlated with pillar and foundation failures. Moment tensor analysis identified dominant failure modes, such as stress-driven fracture closures and dynamic pillar failures. To mitigate risks, the study emphasises advanced support system redesign and rockburst risk assessment using the rockburst damage potential (RDP) method. The research highlights the importance of monitoring, geotechnical compliance, and adaptive designs in enhancing safety and reducing seismic hazards in underground mining operations. The study applied the RDP framework, classifying damage across R1 to R5 scales, where most instances fell into low-risk categories (R1 and R3), indicating minor to moderate damage. However, data limitations and the tabular stoping method's complexity led to inconclusive results, highlighting the need for more robust data and customised risk assessment tools. Despite these challenges, the RDP approach provided valuable insights into rockburst mechanisms and the effectiveness of existing support systems.
Automatic data selection, worker exclusion zones and an attempt to identify precursory activity in real time: Routine and research activities in seismology at Sibanye-Stillwater Ltd
Authors: Ferreira R.I.L. , Lenegan P. , Masethe R.
Published: February 2025

Underground mining in high rock-stress environments can induce unanticipated dynamic rockmass deformation, posing a serious risk to the workforce. Data collected by seismic networks are imperative for the design-as-you-mine process. Often an inappropriate assessment of the seismic hazard is done when unnecessary data are included in analytical techniques, particularly short-term time frames. Depending on the methodology or application of data analysis and interpretation, some of the information may not be relevant and even detract from the objective. By using the spatial event clusters associated with active workplaces to define the shape and size of the polygons for data selection for subsequent analysis, a problematic subjective component can be eliminated.
The mining of tabular reefs in South Africa, be they gold- or platinum group metals, is very extensive, and underground workplaces are often widespread. Production stoppages are very costly, especially for marginal mines, so there is just cause not to evacuate an entire operation's workforce following the occurrence of a large mining-induced seismic event. A rationale based on the damaging peak particle velocities (PPV) of the past seismicity can exclude the unaffected underground personnel and allow a quick orderly withdrawal where required. Micro-deformation may precede rockbursting, which can occur on-shift close to the workface. A mine-wide array of geophones suitable for the accurate location and analysis of seismicity may not be able to detect these higher-frequency emissions. Inexpensive but fit-for-purpose accelerometers, providing real-time, continuous measurement of acoustic rockmass deformation near the workplace, integrated through underground and surface communications networks, are shown to record 'rock-talk', clearly distinguishable from the instrument background noise, which can be in the order of hours leading up to an imminent damaging seismic event.
Changing Perceptions of Graduating Students on a Decade of Criterion-Referenced Assessment and Grading System Implementation
Authors: Lee Eunhye , Oh Youkyoung , Jung Hanna , An Shinki
Published: February 2025

Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.
Digital Innovation in Medical Education: The Process and Challenges of Digital Transformation
Authors: Kim Youngjon
Published: February 2025

Digital transformation in medical education has emerged as a critical driver of educational innovation, but it also presents several challenges and issues. This exploratory study was conducted in preparation for a digital leap in medical education, critically examining the meaning and process of digital transformation in medical schools in Korea. The process of digital transformation has been divided into digitization, digitalization, and digital transformation, reflecting the progressive course of medical education. The educational approaches involving digital transformation in medical education are described in this study, differentiating between learner-centered adaptive learning, experience-based immersive learning environments, and the integration of assessment and learning. Additionally, the educational potential of emerging technologies, such as large language models, cloud computing, and blockchain, is explored. The constraints on digital transformation in medical education include the limitations of the digitalization process of educational materials, lack of empirical evidence on the educational effectiveness of digital tools, unpreparedness of stakeholders, and ethical, physical, and psychological issues. The conclusion emphasizes that digital transformation should not be a temporary measure, but a true advancement in education, highlighting the importance of learning design based on educational needs to increase effectiveness. It also highlights the ethical use of digital tools and the creation of a safe learning environment based on fairness and trust in the digital transformation process. Finally, it underscores the significance of flexible curriculum design driven by educational needs, interdisciplinary approaches, and the evaluation and dissemination of digitalization initiatives.
Enhancing Clerkship through a Ubiquitous Portfolio System: Design, Development, Implementation, and Dissemination
Authors: Yoon Bo Young , Lee Younseok , Kwon Sejung , Choi Ikseon , Lee Jong-Tae
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the design, development, and implementation of a ubiquitous portfolio (u-portfolio) system aimed at enhancing clinical clerkship education at Inje University College of Medicine from 2016 to 2020. This developmental research employed involved a literature review of 69 papers on electronic portfolios (1990–2013), and as well as a series of focus group interviews and surveys with key stakeholders during the iterative design, evaluation, and revision process. The literature analysis revealed three main purposes of e-portfolios (learning, assessment, and showcase) and nine key elements for a multi-purpose e-portfolio (e.g., quality of student reflection, postgraduate continuous learning, and timely and frequent feedback). The system evolved from paper-based portfolios to address the standardization of students’ clerkship experiences across five teaching hospitals, incorporating competency-based education and enabling efficient data management to promote student learning, assessment, and feedback. Key challenges in transitioning from paper to electronic portfolios included infrastructure issues, user adaptation, and assessment standardization. The resulting u-portfolio system, which allowed the seamless integration of mobile devices, emphasized five core functions: enhanced real-time feedback, transparent evaluation with rubrics, improved reflection quality, real-time assessment and tracking, and mapping between learning and competency achievements. Initially implemented in the internal medicine clerkship in 2016, the system was gradually expanded to all core clerkships by 2018. The success of this system led to its adoption by 19 medical schools through a consortium organized by the Korea Association of Medical Colleges, with 31 schools now collaborating to enhance clerkships through the u-portfolio system.
Implementation of a Learning Management System at Yonsei University College of Medicine
Authors: Jung Hanna , Kim Hangil , Rhee Hyung-Jin , Lee Sang Ah , An Shinki , Lee Young Han
Published: February 2025

This paper details the development and implementation of Yonsei Medical E-Learning System 3.0 (YES 3.0), a new learning management system (LMS) for Yonsei University College of Medicine. Driven by the need to adapt to a rapidly changing medical education landscape, YES 3.0 addresses the previous system’s limitations and incorporates advanced features designed to improve learning experiences and educational outcomes. The development process involved extensive collaboration among faculty, students, staff, and the system developer, ensuring the system's alignment with the unique needs of the medical education environment. YES 3.0 features real-time monitoring of learning progress, comprehensive evaluation and grade management, personalized learning path recommendations, effective learner history management, and interview/guidance management functionalities. The system also supports the newly revised CDP2023 (Curriculum Development Project 2023) curriculum, with integrated learning across all courses and a strengthened scholarly advanced course. By automating and streamlining various educational processes, YES 3.0 enables maximized learning efficiency, promotes learner-centered education, and supports the cultivation of future medical professionals equipped to navigate the evolving healthcare environment. Implementing the system is expected to have positive impacts on both educational and economic aspects, contributing to the advancement of medical education at Yonsei University College of Medicine. This study also aims to offer insights and expected outcomes that can serve as a reference for other medical schools in adopting and operating LMS, ultimately providing useful information to educators considering establishing a digital learning environment.
Protocol for Assessing Light Exposure, Sleep, and Cognitive Function in Real-World Settings v1
Authors: Didikoglu Altug
Published: February 2025

Light exposure plays a crucial role in shaping cognitive function; however, its effects outside controlled laboratory settings remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of real-world light exposure on cognitive performance, revealing both immediate and cumulative benefits. To achieve this, we employed a wearable melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance monitor (Spectrawear1) alongside a mobile application (Brightertime2) to assess subjective sleepiness, vigilance, working memory, and visual search performance throughout the day in everyday life. The wrist-worn light dosimeter recorded continuous light exposure at 30-second intervals over a one-week period. The mobile app facilitated data collection, including baseline sociodemographic and health questionnaires, chronotype and sleep quality assessments, daily sleep diaries, and subjective sleepiness reports and cognitive task performance measurements. Participants could engage in cognitive assessments multiple times per day at their convenience. At the end of the one-week study period, participants were invited to a laboratory visit for light sensitivity measurements3. These included melanopic brightness discrimination tasks, post-illumination pupil response assessments, and subjective brightness evaluations.
OUT-OF-COURT DISPUTE RESOLUTION AS AN ELEMENT OF ACCESS TO JUSTICE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, BONDAR Alisa
Published: February 2025

Background. The current concept of effective access to justice, which has been gradually developing and modifying over the years, requires efficient use of alternative dispute resolution methods alongside court settlement. This article examines the possibility of using out-of-court mechanisms in Ukraine as one of the most important means of overcoming the barrier to effective access to justice, considering international experience. The purpose of the article is to highlight the positive and negative aspects of applying various dispute resolution methods, illustrate distrust in alternative dispute resolution in Ukraine, determine the state of implementation of Ukrainian out-of-court mechanisms and problems, which require improvements, considering ECHR practice and recommendations, as well as to present suggestions on eliminating gaps in the functioning of the pre-trial dispute resolution mechanism.

Methods. General scientific and special methods of scientific research were used in the article to achieve the abovementioned goal, among which method of system analysis, dialectical and systemic-structural methods.

Results. It is emphasized that the level of public trust directly affects the use of alternative dispute resolution methods in the State. The attention is focused on insufficient public awareness of the possibility of applying out-of-court dispute resolution mechanisms during court proceedings.
Based on the court practice, it is stated that the approach for the duty to use an out-of-court mechanism before going to court depends on the chosen type (method) of alternative dispute resolution, which parties prescribed in the concluded contract.
It is suggested that the example of Lord Woolf's reform should be taken into account to bring Ukrainian practice in line with international, which consists of increasing the use of alternative dispute resolution methods, facilitating the litigation, speeding it up etc.

Conclusions. The conclusions point out the need to ensure citizens' awareness of the use of out-of-court dispute resolution mechanisms, review the system of voluntary use of such mechanisms, take into account the principle of "freedom of contract", and establish a unified approach to the duty to apply to out-of-court dispute resolution if the parties have outlined the relevant condition in the contract
Evaluation of the effectiveness of primary oncological knee arthroplasty in patients with a tumor lesion of the distal femur.
Authors: Mikailov Ilkin , Grigorev Petr , Tikhilov Rashid
Published: February 2025

Purpose of the Study
The aim of the study is to investigate the factors influencing functional outcomes and the probability of mechanical and infectious complications in patients with tumor lesions of the distal femur who have undergone primary oncological knee arthroplasty.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed the treatment outcomes of 227 patients who underwent oncological knee arthroplasty for tumor lesions of the distal femur between 2003 and 2018. We evaluated:

Functional outcomes based on the MSTS scale at 12 months,
Mechanical and infectious complications according to the ISOLS classification,
Factors affecting these outcomes.

Results
Different types of complications with an average onset time of 70.5 months were detected in 70 (30.8%) patients: infection (Type VI) - 16 (7.1%), median development time 20.5 months; endoprosthetic failure (Type III) - 13 (5.7%), median development time 71 months; instability of endoprosthetic components (Type II) - 41 (18.1%), median development time 84 months. The only factor that statistically significantly influenced the occurrence of infectious complications was the patient’s weight (p = 0.017). In analyzing the risks of complications related to structural failure, we found a statistically significant dependency on the patient’s weight (p = 0.044). The use of endoprostheses with a rotational platform significantly reduced the risk of component failure (p = 0.016), while the type of fixation did not show any statistically significant differences (p = 0.743). With the use of anatomical femoral stems and prostheses with a rotational platform, there was a significant decrease in the risk of developing component instability (p 0.001, p 0.001 respectively). Cemented and cementless fixation did not reveal any statistically significant differences (p = 0.860). The median knee function assessed by the MSTS scale at 12 months post-surgery was 80%. Patients who underwent surgery via the internal subvastus approach demonstrated the best joint function (p 0.001).
Conclusion
Based on the accumulated experience and knowledge, future prospects include the development and production of domestic oncological knee endoprostheses.
RADIOMICS IN APPLICATION TO DISEASES OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Pleshkov Maksim , Zamyshevskaya Maria , Kuchinskii Egor , Jin Xiance , Zhang Ji , Zavadovskaya Vera , Zorkaltsev Maxim , Kim Tkhe , Pogonchenkova Daria , Udodov Vladimir , Tolmachev Ivan
Published: February 2025

Radiomics is a method to extract a large number of quantitative features from a digital medical image. Since its first applications in oncology nearly a decade ago, radiomics has developed towards non-oncological diseases, in particular, diseases of the musculoskeletal system (MSK) and connective tissue. This article aims to review the current achievements of radiomics applications for diagnosing MSK diseases.
This study includes 37 original research papers published in English between 2020 and 2023. The most commonly used imaging modalities were magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, and rarely used approach is ultrasound. The vast majority of the studies under review used the manual approach for region of interest segmentation. The studies have developed different classification models based on clinical, radiomics, and deep features, but the combined clinical-radiomics models prevail. Localizations of the considered MSK diseases included mostly spine and big joints.
The prevalence of the multiple source input (predominantly clinical-radiomics) models compared with single source input (clinical only, radiomics only) models for diagnosis of MSK diseases can be explained by a higher classification performance produced probably by a bigger number of independent information sources. Development towards deep models features seems promising for automatic segmentation and classification but requires serious efforts in creating image databases for deep model training. Radiomics might be especially useful for the early diagnosis of MSK diseases that lead to pathological changes in soft tissues that cannot be seen by the naked eye.
Hilvanando violeta: patriarcado e imaginarios en la era global*
Authors: Agra Romero María Xosé
Published: February 2025

Desde la perspectiva del “tejido que nos envuelve” hoy, se presenta una (re)lectura del análisis filosófico y político de Celia Amorós en torno a las mujeres y la globalización (2008). Siguiendo los “hilos” rosas y el “hilvanado” de los violetas y los rojos, se examina su propuesta de reedición de la Teoría de los “sistemas duales” (capitalismo/patriarcado, producción/reproducción) y la especificidad del patriarcado capitalista en la era global (trabajo, salario, la maquila y los feminicidios de Ciudad Juárez). A la luz de los cambios habidos desde 2008 y los problemas de nuestra compleja actualidad, se apunta la necesidad de seguir hilvanando desde la teoría feminista.
Cèlia Amorós, lectora de Kierkegaard
Authors: Puleo Alicia
Published: February 2025

Este artículo está centrado en un libro menos conocido que otros de Cèlia Amorós: Sören Kierkegaard o la subjetividad del caballero. El análisis que nuestra filósofa realiza de la obra de este pensador pionero del existencialismo constituye una aportación de extraordinario valor para la comprensión de la crisis de sentido contemporánea. Desde una mirada feminista, muestra que el hombre de la angustia existencial es el emergente de la crisis patriarcal o genealógica que produce individuos desarraigados que han perdido la certeza de las normas tradicionales por efecto de la crítica ilustrada y de un nuevo orden económico, social y político.
Entrevista a la Dra Gloria Nielfa
Authors: Posada Kubissa Luisa
Published: February 2025

entrevista
Etiologies, patterns and management outcomes among adult patients with intestinal obstruction: a 5 years’ retrospective observation at a regional referral level hospital, Eastern Zone, Tanzania
Authors: Jotham Seth , Wambura Erasto , Balthazary Sakurani , Giiti Geofrey
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite having centuries of existence, intestinal obstruction is still the commonest culprit among the existing causes of surgical admissions especially on emergency bases. Its persistence and piling up nature of the risk factors with the untoward management outcomes are great concerns considering the negative impacts brought down to the individual and the existing health care system.
Methods: This was a retrospective hospital based observational study of patients with intestinal obstruction for over a period of five years from January 2015 to January 2020. A standardized checklist was used to secondarily collect data from the health management information system (HMIS) books. We relied on the descriptive statistics, univariate analysis was done to check for statistical association to the outcomes of interest.
Results: We enrolled 423 patients, 23 excluded as per criteria and 400 recruited for the study. Males were more than females at a ratio of 2:1 with the mean age of 45 years (16 SD). Obstructed or strangulated abdominal wall hernia was the commonest etiology (43.4%) followed by intraperitoneal adhesions (22.1%). Patient’s age, diagnosis and management modality all influenced occurrence of the outcomes of interest with the p values of 0.03, 0.04 and <0.001 respectively.
Conclusions: Most patients in our study had complicated abdominal wall hernia followed by intraperitoneal adhesions. Given their modifiability, we recommend for an early elective intervention to patients with abdominal wall hernia but also encouraging the use of all necessary adhesion prevention strategies in all abdominal and pelvic surgeries.
Surgical outcomes of stapled hemorrhoidopexy and open Milligan Morgan procedure for treatment of hemorrhoids in tertiary level hospital
Authors: Mahamudul Hasan M. , Rifat Nahid Hasan , Hakim Mohammad Hasnat , Mahmud G. M. Ishtiaq , Mithila Sabrina Rahman , Haider M. Mahathir , Shahriar Fahim , Badhan Ilean Ahsan , Mokarram Mir Manarat Bin
Published: February 2025

Background: Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy (MM) is the standard surgical method for hemorrhoids. Stapled hemorrhoidectomy (SH) is now considered a well-established procedure that is used to minimize postoperative discomfort, facilitate rapid wound healing, and accelerate recovery to regular activity. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of SH and MM open hemorrhoidectomy.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at the department of surgery, Rajshahi medical college hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi, Bangladesh, from January 2022 to December 2022. A total 108 hemorrhoids patients underwent SH and MM open hemorrhoidectomy are included in this study and divide equally in two group. SPSS software was used to perform statistical analysis of the quantitative data.
Results: The mean operative time for SH (27.59±8.56 min) was shorter than MM (35.21±7.13 min). SH resulted in significantly lower pain scores at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively (p<0.05). Patients undergoing SH had significantly shorter hospital stays (1.32±0.84 days) compared to MM (3.1±2.8 days; p<0.001). Although SH patients had lower incidences of postoperative hemorrhage (7.4% vs. 12.96%) and wound infections (7.4% vs. 11.11%), these differences were not statistically significant. Anal stenosis decreased over time in both groups, with SH showing the lowest rate at six months (1.85%).
Conclusions: SH offers superior postoperative outcomes with reduced pain and length of hospital stay, making it a favorable alternative to the MM procedure for grade III hemorrhoids.
Prediction of the grade of acute cholecystitis by plasma level of C-reactive protein and ESR
Authors: Rai Kundan , Singh Kulwant , Dausage Chirag
Published: February 2025

Background: Acute cholecystitis is a common complication of gallbladder stones and common surgical disease. Tokyo guidelines have been introduced to standardize the diagnosis and evaluation of the disease. The guidelines include physical examination, laboratory results like C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell levels, and radiologic evaluation. The clinical severity of the disease is assigned to one of three grades based on these criteria. CRP levels are used as a diagnostic criterion. The 2018 Tokyo Guidelines include increased CRP levels as a criterion for diagnosis.
Methods: Observational analytical prospective cohort study, conducted in General Surgery Peoples hospital, Bhopal from Nov 2022 to Feb 2024, patients visiting OPD with investigations suggesting any Gallbladder infection & inflammation S/o acute cholecystitis.
Results: The study found a significant association between raised CRP levels and severe cholecystitis, with CRP levels exceeding 6 mg/L in 100% severe cases and 40% moderate cases. Additionally, ESR was significantly associated with cholecystitis grade, with all cases having raised ESR above 39 mm/hr.
Conclusions: The study found that 60% of patients with acute cholecystitis had mild symptoms, with the majority being young (57.8%). The majority of cases were male, with 62.2% of mild cases being female. The study found no significant association between the grade of cholecystitis and past history of upper abdominal surgery, pancreatitis, or acute cholecystitis. However, the presence of cirrhotic liver disease was significantly associated with moderate to severe cholecystitis. Severe cholecystitis was associated with gall bladder wall thickness, CBD diameter, multiple stones, and bile spillage.
A comparative study between combination of topical metronidazole and diltiazem vs diltiazem alone in treatment of acute anal fissure
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Khan Rafat , Garg Nitin
Published: February 2025

Background: Anal fissure is a common anorectal condition characterized by severe pain and bleeding. Topical diltiazem is a widely used treatment, but its efficacy can be enhanced by combining it with metronidazole. To compare the efficacy of topical diltiazem with metronidazole versus topical diltiazem alone in treating acute anal fissure.
Methods: This non-randomized clinical trial was conducted among 174 patients with acute anal fissure. Patients were allocated into two groups: combination group (topical diltiazem with metronidazole) and diltiazem alone group. Patients were followed up at 1, 2 and 4 weeks.
Results: The combination group showed significant pain reduction (7.30±0.89 to 0.48±0.21, p<0.05) and higher healing rates compared to the diltiazem alone group. The requirement for surgery was significantly lower in the combination group (8% vs 20.7%, p<0.05).
Conclusions: The combination of topical diltiazem with metronidazole is a safe and effective treatment for acute anal fissure, offering rapid and sustained pain relief, improved healing rates and reduced need for surgery.
Comparative study between ‘Limberg flap’ and ‘excision with secondary wound healing’ in the management of sacrococcygeal pilonidalsinus
Authors: Singh Nirbhay , Khan Rafat , Garg Nitin
Published: February 2025

Background: We conducted this comparative study between ‘Limberg flap’ and ‘excision with secondary wound healing’ to have a more informative data as far as surgical outcome is concerned for patients of sacro-coccygeal pilonidal sinus.
Methods: This study was conducted as prospective observational study on patients of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus admitted in the Department of General Surgery, People’s Hospital, who have been selected for operative intervention by either of two procedures during the study period of 18 months. Depending upon surgical procedure, patients were divided into two groups, group A- Limberg flap (study group) and group B- excision with secondary wound healing (control group).
Results: Mean duration of surgery was significantly higher in cases managed using Limberg flap technique as compared to excision and secondary healing. Mean pain scores, wound infection, time to wound healing, duration of hospital stay and time to return to normal activity were significantly lower in cases managed using Limberg flap as compared to excision at all the follow up (p<0.05). Mean patient satisfaction was found to be significantly higher in cases following Limberg flap group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Rhomboid excision with Limberg’s flap technique is better technique as compared to open excision with secondary healing technique in terms of less post-operative pain, less complications, early recovery, early wound healing, short duration of hospital stay, early return to normal activity and higher patient satisfaction. The only disadvantage with Limberg flap technique is higher mean duration of surgery, attributed to additional time required for raising and suturing of flap following excision.
A one-year cross sectional study of peritoneal fluid cultures and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in cases of surgical peritonitis
Authors: Shah Nidhi , Malik Mehnish , Deoleker S. , Eswar P. S. , Bhimani Zulekha
Published: February 2025

Background: Surgical peritonitis is a serious complication with significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding the microbiological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns is crucial for optimal management. This study aimed to evaluate the peritoneal fluid cultures and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in cases of surgical peritonitis.
Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective study conducted at D. Y. Patil University School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, over a one-year period. Patients presenting with peritonitis were included, and peritoneal fluid samples were collected during surgery for microbiological analysis. Antibiotic treatment was guided by the culture and sensitivity results.
Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled. The most common etiologies were appendicitis (32%), diverticulitis perforation (24%), and perforated duodenal/peptic ulcers (44%). The predominant pathogens isolated from peritoneal fluid cultures were E. coli (16%), Bacteroides fragilis (14%), S. aureus (14%), and Streptococcus anginosus (14%). Antibiotic sensitivity patterns revealed high susceptibility to multiple antibiotics for E. coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, Enterococcus faecalis exhibited concerning resistance to vancomycin and linezolid.
Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of pathogens involved in surgical peritonitis cases. The findings can inform empiric antimicrobial treatment strategies and guide antibiotic stewardship efforts in the management of this serious condition.
Nocturnal enigmas: a systematic review of bangungot and sudden death during sleep
Authors: Bancod Robert A. , Gogoi Abhijit , Buenafe Dennis , Kaka Aboubacar
Published: February 2025

Bangungot and sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) remain complex phenomena at the intersection of culture and medicine. This systematic review investigates their epidemiological prevalence, cultural interpretations and genetic foundations. We highlight the urgent need for culturally sensitive public health interventions by synthesizing Southeast Asia and Fiji's findings. Key findings indicate Brugada Syndrome, associated with genetic mutations such as SCN5A, as a primary medical explanation, while environmental and lifestyle factors further elevate risk. Integrating cultural narratives with scientific research can improve strategies to address and reduce sudden nocturnal deaths.
Ultra early cranial and spinal metastasis in a post-operative case of 4th ventricle medulloblastoma case: a case report
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Gupta Sajag , Tiwari Saurabh Kumar
Published: February 2025

Medulloblastoma is a type of brain tumour that occurs primarily in children and is relatively rare in adults. It has a tendency to spread through the cerebrospinal fluid pathways and can metastasize to other parts of the body, including the bones. Osseous extra-neural metastasis is uncommon, but the radiologic findings are usually sclerotic, lytic, or mixed when it occurs. In this paper, we present a case of medulloblastoma metastasizing to the cervical, dorsal and lumbar spine as well as intracranial spread and describe the magnetic resonance appearance of the lesion and also emphasize the importance of recognizing the imaging findings of metastatic lesions in patients with a history of medulloblastoma.
Duplicated common bile duct with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kapoor Atul , Kapur Aprajita , Mahajan Goldaa , Sharma Shailender
Published: February 2025

A 42-year-old South Asian male presented to our hospital with anorexia, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a 3.5×3.5 cm hypoechoic solid mass in the pancreatic head with central necrosis, resulting in dilatation of the proximal common bile duct, main pancreatic duct, and intrahepatic biliary system. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) confirmed the ultrasonographic findings and identified complete duplication of the biliary system with a mildly dilated duplicated common bile duct that exhibited pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) with narrowing and was opening into the main pancreatic duct at the pancreatic body level. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of the pancreatic mass revealed adenocarcinoma. This case illustrates the rare occurrence of a duplicated common bile duct (DBCD) associated with a pancreatic head mass, underscoring the need for comprehensive imaging and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of complex hepatopancreatic biliary pathologies. This case also suggests a modification to the existing Choi classification of DBCD to include PBM anomalies. Further research is required to understand the long-term outcomes of these anatomical variations in pancreatic malignancies.
Embryology of the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve and advancements in detection prior to surgery
Authors: Gregory Harrison H. K. , Ferris Baillie W. C.
Published: February 2025

The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is an uncommon anatomical variant of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). A right-sided NRLN is exceedingly more common than a left-sided NRLN, and almost all are associated with abnormalities of the aortic arch, especially a right aberrant subclavian artery (ASCA). The NRLN has a strong embryological basis, resulting from the premature obliteration of the right fourth aortic arch. Absence of this structure during longitudinal development allows the laryngeal nerve to migrate superiorly, ultimately branching from the cervical vagus nerve without entering the mediastinum. Despite a low prevalence, the presence of a NRLN is associated with a six to eight-fold increase in iatrogenic injury during surgeries of the thyroid, parathyroid and carotid structures. Pre-operative ultrasound for identification of an ASCA and thus the presence of a NRLN has demonstrated a clinically-significant reduction in the risk of laryngeal nerve damage intra-operatively. Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) has also been shown as an effective alternative approach for detection of a NRLN intra-operatively. Further prospective studies exploring the effectiveness of these strategies in identifying a NRLN would be beneficial.
Persuasiveness of a media message with an intertextual element
Authors: Jóźwiak Jolanta
Published: February 2025

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie potencjału perswazyjnego nazw własnych w komunikowaniu medialnym. Jakościowa analiza dyskursu w perspektywie onomastycznej została zaprezentowana na przykładzie biblijnych imion Dawid i Goliat, które zastąpiły nazwy państw uwikłanych w konflikt zbrojny – Ukrainy i Rosji. Obecność biblijnych antroponimów przyczynia się do kształtowania odbioru wiadomości, wartościowania działań obu stron.
Mechanizm oddziaływania metafory konceptualnej zaprezentowano na przykładzie rosyjskiej narracji odwróconych ról z wykorzystaniem analizowanych antroponimów. Potencjał perswazyjny i manipulacyjny biblijnej metafory potwierdzono również w tłumaczeniach fragmentów wypowiedzi zawierających biblijne imiona w polskich serwisach informacyjnych.
Poddane analizie antroponimy pełnią istotną rolę w przekazach medialnych ze względu na odonimiczne konotacje i fakt, ze odbiorca komunikatu samodzielnie odtwarza i jednocześnie tworzy w nowym otoczeniu kontekstowym pewne schematy, wynikające z aktywizowanej na bazie słów kluczy ramy mentalnej.
Perceptual feature of taste in Polish compared to other languages (based on experiment with speakers of different language cultures and dictionary definitions)
Authors: Yodlovska Alina
Published: February 2025

Badanie percepcyjnej cechy SMAK pozwala w dużym stopniu ujawnić cechy określonej kultury językowej. Jako jedzenie nie przyjmujemy wszystkich substancji, ale po pierwsze te, które są jadalne dla człowieka, a po drugie te, które są akceptowane i kochane w określonej kulturze, czyli „wybrane” przez kulturę narodową.
Celem moich badań jest analiza słownictwa związanego ze smakiem odnotowanego w leksykonach polskich, a także – w ramach tła porównawczego – rosyjskich, ukraińskich i angielskich, i identyfikacja prototypów w świadomości użytkowników różnych kultur językowych, ich status.
W badaniu zostały wykorzystane następujące metody: analiza definicji słownikowych, analiza pojęciowa, eksperyment lingwistyczny.
Na przykładzie definicji smaków wybranych ze słowników języka angielskiego, ukraińskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego pokazano, że interpretacja tych słów budowana jest na podstawie odniesienia do pewnego desygnatu – nośnika cech, tj. przymiotnika.
Autorzy słowników ukraińskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego skupiają się bardziej na poszukiwaniu pierwowzoru wśród obiektów odgrywających znaczącą rolę w tradycyjnej kulturze ludowej, natomiast słownik języka angielskiego stanowi obiekt odniesienia typowy dla stylu życia współczesnych ludzi.
Wyniki eksperymentu pozwoliły na ukazanie różnic i podobieństw w informacjach predstawionych przez leksykografów w definicjach słownikowych oraz informacjach prezentowanych w świadomości współczesnego użytkownika. Respondenci mają inne prototypy smaków, niż prezentowane w słownikach: słodycze, kawę, czekoladę i produkty typu fast food.
Research on Damage Mechanism and Dynamic Characteristics of Abandoned Basalt at Different Heating Conditions
Authors: Wu Yanli , Sun Jinlin , Wu Bingquan
Published: February 2025

Physical and mechanical tests are required to explore the reuse value of abandoned rock to recycle excavated rock resources in mountainous areas. After mining excavation from Qinling, Shaanxi, China, the abandoned basalt was processed into standard samples. After being treated with different heating temperatures and heating times, the surface temperature, ultrasonic wave velocity, open porosity, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), impact resistance and the degree of fragments after-impact failure of the basalt samples were tested. With the increase of heating temperature and heating time, the temperature rise rate of basalt samples first increases and then decreases, the attenuation rate of ultrasonic wave velocity continually increases, and the difference of open porosity also gradually increases. The difference in mineral heat absorption in basalt samples is the main cause of structural damage cracking. The cracks mainly develop along the interface of heat-absorbing and heat-insensitive minerals, forming a fracture grid in the basalt, and eventually leading to the failure of the sample. With the rise of heating temperature at different impact pressures, the impact peak stress and impact peak strain of the basalt sample gradually decrease, and the curvature of the stress-strain curve gradually weakens. With the rise of heating temperature at different impact pressures, the lumpiness of basalt samples increases gradually after crushing, and the proportion of large-size fragments becomes larger and larger. The conclusions of this paper can provide an experimental basis and guiding significance for the recycling of abandoned rock resources.
Effect of Process Parameters in Submerged Friction Stir Welding to Improve the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy (AA7075)-Experimental and Mathematical Approach
Authors: Cheworei Levi P. , Balaji Naik D. , Yaswanth Kumar Reddy M. , Srinivasa Rao K. , Rambabu G.
Published: February 2025

The present work pertains to an experimental and mathematical approach to the optimisation of the corrosion properties of AA7075-T6 Aluminum alloy welds. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) in a submerged water condition, was carried out on a vertical lathe machine to make a welded joint of aluminium alloy while the process parameters were varied to determine a combination that gives an optimum condition with improved corrosion resistance. The process parameters, namely tool rotational speed (rpm), transverse speed (mm/min) and axial force (kN) have a pivotal role in determining the microstructural and corrosion resistance in the welded joint region. The work is to develop a mathematical model that can be referenced as an optimum corrosion resistance property of a submerged friction stir welded aluminium alloy AA7075-T6 joint through optimisation of process parameters. The experimental data was statistically analysed and the response surface methodology approach enabled the development of the optimised mathematical model that predicts the optimised corrosion resistance of AA7075. The Minitab software was used to obtain a mathematical model that is used to predict the optimum corrosion resistance of AA7075 and optimised values. Finally, the significance of the developed mathematical model was tested through the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), which showed that tool rotational speed has a great influence on the corrosion resistance rate of the submerged friction stir welded joint.
Major Findings: 1. The corrosion resistance decreases with an increase in the tool rotational speed and welding speed. 2. The submerged friction stir welded joint has better corrosion resistance properties when compared to joints made on base metal. 3. A mathematical regression model that predicts the corrosion resistance of SFSW joint, an AA7075 aluminium alloy joint, was developed with a confidence level of above 95%.
Studies on Wind Power Installation for Domestic Load in Urban Settings
Authors: Suresh H. K. , Revankar P. P. , Shreeshail M. L. , Gorawar M. B. , Balikai Veeresh G. , Hosmath R. S. , Patil Adarsh , Madhu R.
Published: February 2025

The increased energy demand owing to upgraded living standards world-wide has opened new spheres for electric power generation. The coupled quest of generating more electricity and protecting environment has evolved into an engineering challenge to design conversion systems - environmentally benign and cost-effective. The mandate of United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) envisages addressing significant areas of concern that directly impact the quality of human life. The SDGs targeted for the year 2030 cover all critical areas of concern, including- poverty, hunger, clean water, gender equality, global peace and affordable and clean energy. The 17 goals in the purview of the UN mandate emphasize Goal 7 as vital in supporting other goals. The SDG-7, titled ‘Clean and affordable energy’, targets eco-friendly technologies that fuel developmental activities and simultaneously protect the interests of future generations in terms of a sound ecosystem. Renewable energy is primarily the driving force for future energy needs, as evidenced by the new power installations installed worldwide. Government policy has been congenial in promoting renewable energy that poses several technical challenges to make them feasible for large-scale implementation.
Major Findings: The selected site is assessed to have good wind potential, with 5.342 m/s of average wind speed, making domestic wind power viable for tailored to loads. The study evidenced annual energy production variations, with an average of 14,796 kWh and a standard deviation of 876.4 kWh. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was employed to design turbine components and assess structural integrity. The results indicated safe operation under various loading conditions.