bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation into the PVA:MC:NH4Cl-Based Proton-Conducting Polymer-Blend Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Device Application: The FTIR, Circuit Design and Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Aziz Shujahadeen B. , Dannoun Elham M. A. , Brza Mohamad A. , Sadiq Niyaz M. , Nofal Muaffaq M. , Karim Wrya O. , Al-Saeedi Sameerahl I. , Kadir Mohd F. Z.
Published: February 2022

In this report, the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is performed from polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose (PVA-MC), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) using solution casting methodology for its use in electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The characterizations of the prepared electrolyte are conducted using a variety of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The interaction between the polymers and NH4Cl salt are assured via FTIR. EIS confirms the possibility of obtaining a reasonably high conductance of the electrolyte of 1.99 × 10−3 S/cm at room temperature. The dielectric response technique is applied to determine the extent of the ion dissociation of the NH4Cl in the PVA-MC-NH4Cl systems. The appearance of a peak in the imaginary part of the modulus study recognizes the contribution of chain dynamics and ion mobility. Transference number measurement (TNM) is specified and is found to be (tion) = 0.933 for the uppermost conducting sample. This verifies that ions are the predominant charge carriers. From the LSV study, 1.4 V are recorded for the relatively high-conducting sample. The CV curve response is far from the rectangular shape. The maximum specific capacitance of 20.6 F/g is recorded at 10 mV/s.
Machine Learning for Absolute Quantification of Unidentified Compounds in Non-Targeted LC/HRMS
Authors: Palm Emma , Kruve Anneli
Published: February 2022

LC/ESI/HRMS is increasingly employed for monitoring chemical pollutants in water samples, with non-targeted analysis becoming more common. Unfortunately, due to the lack of analytical standards, non-targeted analysis is mostly qualitative. To remedy this, models have been developed to evaluate the response of compounds from their structure, which can then be used for quantification in non-targeted analysis. Still, these models rely on tentatively known structures while for most detected compounds, a list of structural candidates, or sometimes only exact mass and retention time are identified. In this study, a quantification approach was developed, where LC/ESI/HRMS descriptors are used for quantification of compounds even if the structure is unknown. The approach was developed based on 92 compounds analyzed in parallel in both positive and negative ESI mode with mobile phases at pH 2.7, 8.0, and 10.0. The developed approach was compared with two baseline approaches— one assuming equal response factors for all compounds and one using the response factor of the closest eluting standard. The former gave a mean prediction error of a factor of 29, while the latter gave a mean prediction error of a factor of 1300. In the machine learning-based quantification approach developed here, the corresponding prediction error was a factor of 10. Furthermore, the approach was validated by analyzing two blind samples containing 48 compounds spiked into tap water and ultrapure water. The obtained mean prediction error was lower than a factor of 6.0 for both samples. The errors were found to be comparable to approaches using structural information.
Pharmacokinetic Characterization of the DDAH1 Inhibitors ZST316 and ZST152 in Mice Using a HPLC-MS/MS Method
Authors: Mangoni Arduino A. , Ceruti Tommaso , Frapolli Roberta , Russo Massimo , Fichera Stefania , Zucchetti Massimo , Tommasi Sara
Published: February 2022

The pharmacokinetic profile of ZST316 and ZST152, arginine analogues with inhibitory activity towards human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1), was investigated in mice using a newly developed HPLC-MS/MS method. The method proved to be reproducible, precise, and accurate for the measurement of the compounds in plasma and urine. Four-week-old female FVB mice received a single dose of ZST316 and ZST152 by intravenous bolus (30 mg/Kg) and oral gavage (60 mg/Kg). ZST316 Cmax was 67.4 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.02 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 6 h and bioavailability of 4.7%. ZST152 Cmax was 24.9 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.65 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 1.2 h and bioavailability of 33.3%. Urinary excretion of ZST152 and ZST316 was 12.5%–22.2% and 2.3%–7.5%, respectively. At least eight urinary metabolites were identified. After chronic intraperitoneal treatment with the more potent DDAH1 inhibitor, ZST316 (30 mg/Kg/day for three weeks), the bioavailability was 59% and no accumulation was observed. Treatment was well tolerated with no changes in body weight vs. untreated animals and no clinical signs of toxicity or distress. The results of this study show that ZST316 has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, following intraperitoneal administration, to investigate the effects of DDAH1 inhibition in mice.
Exploring the Synergistic Anticancer Potential of Benzofuran–Oxadiazoles and Triazoles: Improved Ultrasound- and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Hemolytic, Thrombolytic and Anticancer Evaluation of Furan-Based Molecules
Authors: Irfan Ali , Faiz Sadia , Rasul Azhar , Zafar Rehman , Zahoor Ameer , Kotwica-Mojzych Katarzyna , Mojzych Mariusz
Published: February 2022

Ultrasound- and microwave-assisted green synthetic strategies were applied to furnish benzofuran–oxadiazole 5a–g and benzofuran–triazole 7a–h derivatives in good to excellent yields (60–96%), in comparison with conventional methods (36–80% yield). These synthesized derivatives were screened for hemolysis, thrombolysis and anticancer therapeutic potential against an A549 lung cancer cell line using an MTT assay. Derivatives 7b (0.1%) and 5e (0.5%) showed the least toxicity against RBCs. Hybrid 7f showed excellent thrombolysis activity (61.4%) when compared against reference ABTS. The highest anticancer activity was displayed by the 5d structural hybridwith cell viability 27.49 ± 1.90 and IC50 6.3 ± 0.7 μM values, which were considerably lower than the reference drug crizotinib (IC50 8.54 ± 0.84 μM). Conformational analysis revealed the spatial arrangement of compound 5d, which demonstrated its significant potency in comparison with crizotinib; therefore, scaffold 5d would be a promising anticancer agent on the basis of cytotoxicity studies, as well as in silico modeling studies.
Microfluidic Study of the Effect of Nanosuspensions on Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Pryazhnikov Maxim I. , Minakov Andrey V. , Pryazhnikov Andrey I. , Denisov Ivan A. , Yakimov Anton S.
Published: February 2022

The essential advantages of microfluidic studies are the excellent visualization of the processes of oil displacement from the porous medium model, simple cleaning, and the possibility of the repeated use of the microfluidic chip. The present article deals with the process of oil displacement by suspension flooding using a microfluidic chip, simulating a porous medium, and the suspensions of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (22 nm). The mass concentration of nanoparticles in suspensions ranged from 0.1 to 2 wt%. Five mass concentrations (0.125 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt% and 2 wt%) were considered. The article presents the experimental photographs of the oil displacement process by water and SiO2 suspension. It is shown that, with the increasing concentration of nanoparticles, the oil recovery factor increases. A significant effect is observed at 0.5 wt% concentration of nanoparticles. It is shown that the increase in oil recovery during flooding by SiO2 suspension with the maximum concentration was 16%.
Exosomes as Natural Nanocarriers for RNA-Based Therapy and Prophylaxis
Authors: Gorshkov Andrey , Purvinsh Lada , Brodskaia Alexandra , Vasin Andrey
Published: February 2022

Exosomes are natural nanocontainers actively secreted by the body’s cells and transmitting molecular signals of various types to recipient cells. Cellular mechanisms of exosomes’ biogenesis involve specific sorting of RNA for incorporation into them. As a result, the molecular composition of exosomes is closely related to the donor cell’s functional state, and this makes exosomes an important diagnostic and prognostic marker in a number of diseases (primarily oncological). The ability of exosomes to transport biologically active molecules and to protect the cargo from degradation makes them nearly ideal candidates as delivery carriers of RNA in therapeutic or prophylactic regimes. Potential of exosomal surface functionalization enables improved targeting to specific organs, tissues and cells. However, the development of an effective technology for RNA’s loading into exosomes cannot be considered resolved. This review is focused on experimental data on the use of exosomes as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic and prophylactic RNAs. We briefly consider the biogenesis and functions of exosomes, focusing on those biological properties that make them formidable candidates in the race to develop effective delivery carriers. Furthermore, we describe various techniques of cargo loading into exosomes. Prospects of exosomes application as therapeutic delivery system for siRNAs, miRNAs, and long RNAs are considered.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Regulation in Obese Diabetics, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease after Gastric Bypass
Authors: Guo Jiun-Yu , Chen Hsin-Hung , Lee Wei-Jei , Chen Shu-Chun , Lee Shou-Dong , Chen Chih-Yen
Published: February 2022

Background: Gastric bypass (GB) is an effective treatment for those who are morbidly obese with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. Methods: We investigated the roles of FGF 19, FGF 21, and total bile acid among those with morbidly obese and T2DM undergoing GB. A total of 35 patients were enrolled. Plasma FGF 19, FGF 21, and total bile acid levels were measured before surgery (M0), 3 months (M3), and 12 months (M12) after surgery, while the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was calculated before and after surgery. Results: Obese patients with T2DM after GB presented with increased serum FGF 19 levels (p = 0.024) and decreased total bile acid (p = 0.01) and FGF 21 levels (p = 0.005). DM complete remitters had a higher FGF 19 level at M3 (p = 0.004) compared with DM non-complete remitters. Fatty liver improvers tended to have lower FGF 21 (p = 0.05) compared with non-improvers at M12. Conclusion: Changes in FGF 19 and FGF 21 play differential roles in DM remission and NAFLD improvement for patients after GB. Early increases in serum FGF 19 levels may predict complete remission of T2DM, while a decline in serum FGF 21 levels may reflect the improvement of NAFLD after GB.
Exploring the Impact of Policies to Improve Geographic and Economic Access to Vegetables among Low-Income, Predominantly Latino Urban Residents: An Agent-Based Model
Authors: Salvo Deborah , Lemoine Pablo , Janda Kathryn M. , Ranjit Nalini , Nielsen Aida , van den Berg Alexandra
Published: February 2022

Modifying the food environment of cities is a promising strategy for improving dietary behaviors, but using traditional empirical methods to test the effectiveness of these strategies remains challenging. We developed an agent-based model to simulate the food environment of Austin, Texas, USA, and to test the impact of different food access policies on vegetable consumption among low-income, predominantly Latino residents. The model was developed and calibrated using empirical data from the FRESH-Austin Study, a natural experiment. We simulated five policy scenarios: (1) business as usual; (2)–(4) expanding geographic and/or economic healthy food access via the Fresh for Less program (i.e., through farm stands, mobile markets, and healthy corner stores); and (5) expanding economic access to vegetables in supermarkets and small grocers. The model predicted that increasing geographic and/or economic access to healthy corner stores will not meaningfully improve vegetable intake, whilst implementing high discounts (>85%) on the cost of vegetables, or jointly increasing geographic and economic access to mobile markets or farm stands, will increase vegetable intake among low-income groups. Implementing discounts at supermarkets and small grocers is also predicted to be an effective policy for increasing vegetable consumption. This work highlights the utility of agent-based modeling for informing food access policies.
Effects of Elevated Temperature on the Susceptibility of Capsicum Plants to Capsicum Chlorosis Virus Infection
Authors: Tsai Wei-An , Shafiei-Peters Jonathan R. , Mitter Neena , Dietzgen Ralf G.
Published: February 2022

Capsicum, an important vegetable crop in Queensland, Australia, is vulnerable to both elevated temperatures and capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV). Thus, it is imperative to understand the genetic responses of capsicum plants (Capsicum annuum) to CaCV under elevated temperature conditions. Here, we challenged susceptible plants (cv. Yolo Wonder) with CaCV and investigated the effects of elevated temperature on symptom expression, the accumulation of virus-derived short interfering RNA (vsiRNA) and viral RNA, and the expression of plant defense-associated genes. CaCV-inoculated plants initially showed more severe symptoms and higher viral concentrations at a higher temperature (HT, 35 °C) than at ambient temperature (AT, 25 °C). However, symptom recovery and reduced viral RNA accumulation were seen in the CaCV-infected plants grown at HT at later stages of infection. We also observed that HT enhanced the accumulation of vsiRNAs and that, concurrently, RNA interference (RNAi)-related genes, including Dicer-like2 (DCL2), DCL4, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RdRp1), RdRp6, and Argonaute2 (AGO2), were upregulated early during infection. Moreover, continuous high levels of vsiRNAs were observed during later stages of CaCV infection at HT. Overall, our investigation suggests that HT facilitates CaCV replication during early infection stages. However, this appears to lead to an early onset of antiviral RNA silencing, resulting in a subsequent recovery from CaCV in systemic leaves.
Practical Assessment of an Interdisciplinary Bacteriophage Delivery Pipeline for Personalized Therapy of Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Authors: Würstle Silvia , Stender Jana , Hammerl Jens André , Vogele Kilian , Rothe Kathrin , Willy Christian , Bugert Joachim Jakob
Published: February 2022

Despite numerous advances in personalized phage therapy, smooth logistics are challenging, particularly for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections requiring high numbers of specific lytic phages. We conducted this study to pave the way for efficient logistics for critically ill patients by (1) closely examining and improving a current pipeline under realistic conditions, (2) offering guidelines for each step, leading to safe and high-quality phage supplies, and (3) providing a tool to evaluate the pipeline’s efficiency. Due to varying stipulations for quality and safety in different countries, we focused the pipeline on all steps up to a required phage product by a cell-free extract system. The first of three study runs included patients with respiratory bacterial infections from four intensive care units, and it revealed a cumulative time of up to 23 days. Ultimately, adjustment of specific set points of the vulnerable components of the pipeline, phage isolation, and titration increased the pipeline’s efficiency by 15% and decreased the maximum required time to 13 days. We present a site-independent practical approach to establish and optimize pipelines for personalized phage delivery, the co-organization of pipeline components between different institutions, non-binding guidelines for every step, and an efficiency check for phage laboratories.
In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of a Verapamil-Containing Gastroretentive Solid Foam Capsule
Authors: Haimhoffer Ádám , Vasvári Gábor , Budai István , Béresová Monika , Deák Ádám , Németh Norbert , Váradi Judit , Sinka Dávid , Bácskay Ildikó , Vecsernyés Miklós , Fenyvesi Ferenc
Published: February 2022

Gastroretentive systems may overcome problems associated with incomplete drug absorption by localized release of the API in the stomach. Low-density drug delivery systems can float in the gastric content and improve the bioavailability of small molecules. The current publication presents verapamil–HCl-containing solid foam prepared by continuous manufacturing. Production runs were validated, and the foam structure was characterized by micro-CT scans and SEM. Dissolution properties, texture changes during dissolution, and floating forces were analyzed. An optimized formulation was chosen and given orally to Beagle dogs to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of the solid foam capsules. As a result, a 12.5 m/m% stearic acid content was found to be the most effective to reduce the apparent density of capsules. Drug release can be described by the first-order model, where 70% of verapamil dissolved after 10 h from the optimized formulation. The texture analysis proved that the structures of the solid foams are resistant. Additionally, the floating forces of the samples remained constant during their dissolution in acidic media. An in vivo study confirmed the prolonged release of the API, and gastroscopic images verified the retention of the capsule in the stomach.
Lietuvos didžiojo etmono Liudviko Pociejaus planas pašalinti iš sosto Augustą II 1714 metais: tarp tikrovės ir fikcijos
Authors: Šapoka Mindaugas , Gerulaitienė Vilija
Published: February 2022

This article examines the alleged plan of Lithuanian Grand Hetman Ludwik Pociej (1664–1730) to remove the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania Augustus II (1697–1733) from the throne and the appearance of the only evidence of this plan – instructions, stored in the Saxon State Archives. Until now historiographers believed that L. Pociej sent voivode of Trakai K. Ogiński to the Russian Tsar Peter I (1682–1725) with a proposal for dethronement, claiming that the King of Poland was secretly negotiating with anti-Russian forces and planning to carry out a coup of absolutism in the Republic. Peter I allegedly agreed to support the Lithuanian aspiration by promising 15 thousand Russian soldiers. However, the instruction is most likely a forgery. Such a conclusion can be drawn from the fact that the timing of the K. Ogiński's trip and the timing of the emergence of the instruction do not coincide. K. Ogiński was sent to St. Petersburg by L. Pociej, or travelled on his own initiative, in December of 1713, yet this alleged instruction the Saxon diplomats showed to the Russian diplomat only in the August of 1714, i.e. nine months later. Novoselsky, mentioned in this instruction, did not actually go to Russia with K. Ogiński, later solving some other problems, the purpose of his mission was actually to meet not with Peter I, but with Alexander Menshikov. Peter I could hardly satisfy the Lithuanian request for help because the dethronement of Augustus II in no way benefited him. A much more realistic scenario is that L. Pociej, through the mediation of K. Ogiński, appealed to the tsar to reserve the office of the Great Lithuanian Hetman for him and asked the tsar whether he supported the deployment of the Saxon army in the Republic. Perhaps a complaint could have been made that Augustus II was preparing for a coup of absolute monarchy. Who could have falsified this document? Most likely option is that the document could have been forged by L. Pociej's political opponents, of whom there were two at the time: Lithuanian Field Hetman, marshal of the Sandomierz Confederation Stanisław Denhoff and elder of Babruysk Jan Kazimierz Sapieha. It cannot be ruled out that the forgery may have been initiated by Augustus II himself.
Планы магнатских группировок на избирательные кампании в правление Августа III
Authors: Мацук Андрей
Published: February 2022

Augusto III valdymo laikotarpiu Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje vyko atkaklios kovos tarp didikų grupuočių. Didikų giminės dėjo pastangas patraukti į savo pusę bajoriją ir laimėti seimelių rinkimus. Šioje kovoje nė viena iš grupuočių negalėjo užsitikrinti dominuojančios padėties, kadangi, vos pajutusios kylančią vienos didikų giminės jėgą, imdavo telktis mažiau įtakingų giminių koalicijos. Tokia taktika sudarydavo sąlygas ne tik užkirsti kelią vienos giminės dominavimui, bet ir atverdavo galimybes laimėti rinkiminėse kampanijose į Abiejų Tautų Respublikos Seimą ar Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės Vyriausiąjį Tribunolą. Straipsnyje, remiantis 1746 ir 1752 metų didikų grupuočių rinkimų į Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės Vyriausiąjį Tribunolą planais bei 1752 m. Abiejų Tautų Respublikos Seimo rinkiminės kampanijos dokumentacijos analize, išryškinamos konkrečios politinės grupuotės susiformavimo priežastys, jos tikslai, struktūra, veiklos strategija bei šios strategijos efektyvumas. Prieinama prie išvados, kad Augusto III valdymo laikotarpiu įsitvirtino praktika prieš kiekvienus rinkimus sudaryti konkrečiame seimelyje galimų būti išrinktų kandidatų sąrašus. Tokie sąrašai buvo sudaromi tiek deputatų rinkimams į Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės Vyriausiąjį Tribunolą, tiek ir pasiuntinių rinkimams į Abiejų Tautų Respublikos Seimą. Palaipsniui įsitvirtino visuotinė Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės seimelių kontrolės sistema.
Wspólnota profesorów Szkoły Głównej Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego 1781–1794
Authors: Kamińska Janina
Published: February 2022

Tautinės edukacinės komisijos sprendimu į Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės vyriausiąją mokyklą 1781 m. reorganizuoto Vilniaus universiteto veiklos laikotarpiu profesorių bendrija buvo labai įvairialypė ir iš esmės skyrėsi nuo tos, kuri buvo jėzuitiškojo universiteto metais. Didžioji dalis pedagogų ir toliau išliko dvasininkai. Iš jų daugiausia buvo eksjėzuitų, tačiau taip pat dirbo vienuolių pijorų bei misionierių. Daug mažesnę dalį profesorių sudarė pasauliečiai, tarp kurių dominavo iš užsienio atvykę mokslininkai. Straipsnyje analizuojami Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės vyriausiosios mokyklos profesorių bendrijos, kaip atskiros socialinės grupės, bruožai, išryškinant profesorių didaktinį darbą universitete, mokslinę ir organizacinę veiklą. Profesorių bendrijos bruožams išskirti pasitelkiamas istoriografijos įdirbis bei įvairūs Vyriausiosios mokyklos veiklos šaltiniai, tarp kurių vienas informatyviausių yra gamtos istorijos profesoriaus
Georgo Forsterio korespondencija. Atliktas tyrimas leidžia teigti, kad profesoriai – buvę jėzuitai – Vyriausiosios mokyklos veiklos laikotarpiu (1781–1794 m.) išliko ištikimi panaikintai vienuolijai ir išlaikė tamprius tarpusavio ryšius. Net ir rektorius Martynas Počobutas, naujovėms atviras mokslininkas, glaudžiai bendradarbiavo su buvusiais jėzuitais. Šie ryšiai tapo ypač akivaizdūs paskutiniaisiais M. Počobuto gyvenimo metais: buvęs rektorius gyvenimo saulėlydį pasitiko Polocke tarp ten tebeveikiančio Jėzuitų ordino brolių. Vyriausiojoje mokykloje dirbantiems profesoriams ne eksjėzuitams integruotis į akademikų bendriją buvo gana sudėtinga. Vis dėlto visus juos vienijo bendras Tautinės edukacinės komisijos Vyriausiajai mokyklai keliamas uždavinys – atnaujinti mokymo turinį, sukurti modernų universitetą, rengti pasauliečius mokytojus, ugdyti apsišvietusius piliečius, gebančius ne tik saugoti kultūrinį paveldą, bet ir stiprinančius tautinę dvasią.
Hacia una lectura crítica del militarismo y la militarización
Authors: Tickner Arlene
Published: February 2022

El siguiente trabajo analiza la militarización y sus vínculos con la ideología del militarismo desde distintos enfoques críticos de la seguridad. Para ello, se ofrecen varias definiciones de ambos términos con miras a establecer su carácter general, la interconexión que existe entre ellos y su anclaje en las políticas estatales de seguridad. Asimismo, el texto se interroga sobre la relación cívico-militar presente en la mayoría de los análisis sobre los procesos militarización a fin de evidenciar sus carencias como guía práctica para limitar la influencia castrense en la política y la vida civil. En su lugar, se argumenta que una aproximación crí- tica al militarismo y la militarización exige comprender cómo “lo militar” está envuelto en “lo civil”, incluso en las democracias, y de qué manera distintas inseguridades y violencias basadas en el género, la raza y la clase social se incrustan y se normalizan en los órdenes sociales, políticos y económicos militarizados.
Prairies et paysage agraire dans la Plaine et le Val de Saône à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Beck Corinne
Published: February 2022

De plus en plus nombreux au XVe siècle, des terriers, censiers et autres registres de biens fonciers émanant de différentes seigneuries autorisent une approche de la répartition et de l'organisation des prairies dans le paysage de la Plaine et du Val de Saône. Occupant les rives régulièrement inondées des nombreux cours d'eau qui sillonnent la région, les ensembles de prés sont ponctués de mares, d'étangs et de rivières, émaillés d'arbres, isolés ou en bosquets. Plus touchées par la déprise que les terres emblavées, les prairies, au parcellaire toujours plus morcelé, se reconstituent au cours de la seconde moitié du XVe siècle, la vocation herbagère de certains finages s'affirmant même.
Des charrettes et des blés. L'approvisionnement du marché d'Auxerre au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Desaive Jean-Paul
Published: February 2022

Carts and grains. The supply of the Auxerre market in the XVIIIth century.

To bring bread home, market exchanges had to take place between producers who wanted to sell and the buyers in the town of Auxerre, almost 11 000 inhabitants in 1790, three-quarters of whom were wage-earners. Thanks to price lists, supplemented for the XVIIIth century with the notebooks of a meticulous commissionner (1766-1779), it becomes possible to estimate prices, market operations, and seasonal affluence. In 13 years, the number of sellers almost doubled, within a context of high prices. It is possible to differentiate between occasional and regular sellers, while what came in, although somewhat modest, was of constant quality. The supplying area has been mapped out to show the variations and the polar points within it. What still remains to understand is the law governing the behavior of both producers and buyers.
Les élections municipales dans les villages de Côte-d'Or en 1790
Authors: Lamarre Christine
Published: February 2022

The municipal elections of 1790 in the villages of Côte-d’Or.

The first municipal elections to take place during the Revolutionary decade are known through minutes at once spontaneous, exact and of administrative origin, covering nearly 500 townships. Their reading creates the impression of a rather mature electoral body in this rural context, a body which in most cases abided by a complex process, with interesting errors and modifications. The huge rate of participation, reaching 85 %, was certainly related to a strong communitarian past, to the mediating role of the priests, and to a strong mobilization of the villagers themselves. There were often changes in the municipal power, to the advantage of yeomen, merchants and craftsmen. These elections shed light on the process of creation of a new political space in the countryside of Burgundy.
La Corporation paysanne (1940-1944). Entre le local et le national : l’exemple du Calvados
Authors: Cardi Antoine
Published: February 2022

The «Corporation Paysanne» (1940-1944). Between local and national levels, the example of Calvados. Antoine Cardi

Through the examination of different issues, historiography has explored the development of the «Corporation Paysanne » on a national level. However, it has widely ignored the Corporations existence on a regional level by neglecting to examine the relations between regional and national authorities. As the institution evolved, a break between national and regional leaders became evident, the latter considering that the national authorities had betrayed the originals ideals. Although in 1940, the peasants of Calvados had accepted this institution in the same spirit as they had backed corporative unionization in the inter-war period, they were disappointed to find that local leaders were only concerned only with food supply. In addition, the Corporation was also subject to widespread disapproval among the rural masses of Calvados who remained sceptical, a characteristic attitude towards towards trade unions. Calvados presents an interesting case which permits further reflection on a favourite topic in the domain of politics in rural history : the confrontation between the local and the national.
Eficiência da ureia de liberação controlada e convencional nas características produtivas do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás / Efficiency of controlled-release and conventional urea on the productive characteristics of Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguas grass
Authors: Pinho Ana Gabriella Pessoa , Bonfim-Silva Edna Maria , De Oliveira Jakeline Rosa , Castaon Thiago Henrique Ferreira Matos , Meneghetti Luana Aparecida Menegaz , Da Silva Tonny José Araújo
Published: February 2022

A ureia é o fertilizante nitrogenado mais utilizado no Brasil devido a sua alta concentração de nitrogênio, porém algumas características químicas reduz a sua eficiência de uso pelas plantas, devido a perdas por lixiviação e volatilização. Assim objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos das combinações de diferentes fontes de nitrogênio nas características produtivas do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás cultivado em Latossolo Vermelho. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação. O delineamento experimental utlizado foi inteiramente casualizados, com cinco tratamentos: T1: tratamento controle- sem aplicação de nitrogênio; T2: uréia convencional, aplicação única; T3: uréia de liberação controlada- Polyblen®, aplicação única; T5: Uréia convencional, dose aplicada em 2 parcelas; T5: Uréia de liberação controlada-Polyblen®, dose aplicada em 2 parcelas. Foram avaliados: massa seca e massa fresca do colmo e da folha, com intervalos de 30, 60 e 90 dias após a emergência, e volume de raízes ao final do experimento. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F e, quando significativos, submetidos ao teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A adubação nitrogenada influência de forma positiva em todas as características avaliadas independentemente do tipo de ureia no capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás. Os tratamentos T4 (uréia convencional) e T5 (uréia de liberação controlada), que forneceram o nitrogênio em duas aplicações foram mais eficientes no aumento das características produtivas do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás. O tratamento T4 proporcionou maior estabilidade na produção de massa secas da parte aérea nos três cortes foram aplicados nas plantas.
Potencial antioxidante e caracterização físico-química e microbiológica do kombucha / Antioxidant potential and physicochemical and microbiological characterization of kombucha
Authors: Perioto Cláudia Zubiolo , Brandã Érika Cristina Teixeira dos Anjos , Moreira Johnata de Matos , Prado Aline Alves Oliveira Santos , Neta Maria Terezinha Santos Leite , Narain Narendra
Published: February 2022

Kombucha é uma bebida fermentada obtida através da respiração aeróbia e fermentação anaeróbia do mosto obtido pela infusão ou extrato de Camellia sinensis e açúcares por cultura simbiótica de bactérias e leveduras microbiologicamente ativas. Seu consumo está relacionado a hábitos de vida saudáveis e controle e prevenção de doenças. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi produzir a bebida e realizar a caracterização físico-química e microbiológica. Os parâmetros analisados foram o pH, acidez, compostos fenólicos, açúcares redutores e açúcares redutores totais, em diferentes tempos de fermentação. Além disso, realizou-se o isolamento e a identificação das principais leveduras envolvidas no processo. Preparou-se a bebida em laboratório e realizou-se um acompanhamento cinético da fermentação a cada sete dias. Como resultado do estudo observou um decréscimo do pH e aumento da acidez ao longo da fermentação, a conversão do açúcar não redutor à açúcar redutor, bem como um aumento do teor de compostos fenólicos ao longo do processo. Foram obtidos 23 isolados de leveduras, sendo as que exibiram maior nível de confiança no método, as pertencentes a espécie Saccharomyces cerevisiae, e gêneros como, por exemplo, Dekkera, Zygosaccharomyces. Desse modo, concluiu que a bebida passa a ter melhores propriedades funcionais após a atividade aeróbia e fermentativa dos microrganismos.
A escola e a reprodução do fracasso escolar: uma formação para romper ciclos / School and the reproduction of school failure: a training to break cycles
Authors: Santos Érica Nunes
Published: February 2022

O sistema educacional público brasileiro vem sendo negligenciado ao decorrer dos anos impactando no cotidiano escolar de crianças, adolescentes e jovens periféricos menos favorecidos. Desta forma, alunos sofrem com as desigualdades e estigmas reproduzidos no ambiente escolar, em sua grande parte fortalecidos pelos profissionais da educação que não sabem mais o que fazer diante da realidade precária que se encontram, assim como também por profissionais da psicologia que ocupam os espaços escolares com um referencial teórico insuficiente e de bases tradicionalistas. Posto isso, este projeto de iniciação científica se propôs a estudar e compreender como a formação dos psicólogos pode contribuir para minimizar, prevenir e romper as desigualdades e estigmas sociais inseridos e construídos na e pela escola a partir da graduação. Para tanto, a metodologia utilizada, pautou-se na revisão bibliográfica, a qual realizou levantamentos de artigos e livros de autores da perspectiva da Psicologia Escolar Crítica, a fim de identificar algumas problematizações norteadoras sugeridas na condução e evolução desta pesquisa. São elas: Os psicólogos que se formam têm competências para lidarem com os enfrentamentos inerentes na área escolar? Há conhecimentos teóricos e instrumentos suficientes que possibilitem a atuação de acordo com as realidades das escolas? Ao apresentar tais questões, é proposto articular elementos teóricos, levantados e apresentados no decorrer da pesquisa, a Lei 13.935/2019, aprovada recentemente, que formula o serviço de psicólogos e agentes da assistência social nas redes públicas de ensino. Assim, esta pesquisa conclui a necessidade de desenvolver nos cursos de graduação o pensamento crítico, reflexivo e emancipatório, além da tarefa de repensar as estruturas da própria psicologia, para que deste modo, seja possível propiciar práticas proativas dos profissionais que atuam no contexto escolar e deste modo consigam uma ação satisfatória que minimize as desigualdades e estigmas presentes na escola.
Investigação das ações relativas à construção enxuta na análise do serviço de estrutura de concreto armado / Investigation of lean construction actions in the analysis of reinforced concrete structure service
Authors: Pimentel Jacquelyne Martins , Nogueira Carolinna Silva , Santos Francielle Coelho dos
Published: February 2022

Em resposta ao aumento da competitividade do setor de construção, é possível observar que as empresas do setor estão cada vez mais preocupadas com gastos, retrabalhos, perdas em processos construtivos e situações que geram custos desnecessários. Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar as ações relacionadas à construção enxuta na análise do serviço de estruturas de concreto armado. Os conceitos do método Lean Construction baseiam-se em onze princípios e visam reduzir as atividades que não agregam valor, as perdas, retrabalhos e aumentar a transparência ao longo do processo de forma a melhorar a produtividade e o produto final das empresas gerando maior rentabilidade e maior qualidade para a clientes. A pesquisa foi realizada em dois canteiros de obras distintos, localizados em Jataí (GO) e Goiânia (GO) a partir de um estudo de caso que se buscou a verificação das práticas enxutas por meio de um checklist. As evidências coletadas por meio de observação direta, registros fotográficos, serviram de base para a análise das práticas enxutas de cada empresa, podendo então comparar os fluxos de atendimento adotados para cada obra; análise dos métodos construtivos; gráficos e tabelas que auxiliam na análise dos dados coletados e assim observam uma correlação entre a aplicação dos princípios enxutos em termos de qualidade do trabalho.
Percepção sobre a implementação da educação permanente em saúde bucal no estado do Paraná / Perception on the implementation of permanent education in oral health in the state of Paraná
Authors: Kamikawa Daniela Suemi , Uchida Tânia Harumi , Fujimaki Mitsue
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar percepção de multiplicadores sobre as mudanças percebidas durante o processo de Qualificação da Gestão do SUS em Saúde Bucal no estado do Paraná. A amostra foi constituída por coordenadores regionais e municipais de saúde bucal do estado do Paraná (N=22), que participaram do 3o ciclo do Curso “Qualificação da Gestão do SUS em Saúde Bucal". Aos participantes da pesquisa foram enviados dois questionários contendo questões abertas e fechadas. As respostas das questões fechadas foram quantificadas e as questões abertas foram analisadas segundo Bardin, utilizando o software Atlas.Ti 8.0. Dentre as percepções apontadas pelos gestores destacaram-se: a importância da prática da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS), a importância do papel da gestão, a importância do trabalho em equipe e importância da prática da interprofissionalidade. Os gestores reconheceram a importância do processo de qualificação dos profissionais da saúde para a melhoria da qualidade da gestão e dos serviços, sendo a educação permanente em saúde uma ferramenta de grande potencial transformador das relações interpessoais e do processo de trabalho.
Epigenetics and dental enamel development: a scoping review / Epigenética e desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Torres Carolina Paes , Pion Luciana Antonio , Saraiva João Guilherme , Küchler Erika Calvano , Antunes Livia Azeredo Alves , De Queiroz Alexandra Mussolino , Dibb Regina Guenka Palma , Ramos Ester Silveira
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review to systematically map the research done in the role of epigenetic factors on enamel development. Methods: Articles that reported relevant data among the role of epigenetics on enamel development/formation or enamel defects were selected. The data from the included studies were compiled and organized. The search strategy retrieved a total of 263 titles and abstract. Upon exclusion, only 53 articles were eligible for full article assessment. Results: After the selection process, only 12 articles were included in the scoping review. The first studies were published in 2010, while the most recent studies were published in 2021. The studies have different aims and designs and none of them evaluated human population. Conclusion: Future studies in this subject are recommended to unravel the role of epigenetic factors in normal and abnormal enamel development as well as in the development enamel defect.
Vivências durante a Pandemia de ações de educação permanente em saúde em uma unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) / Experiences during the Pandemic of continuing education actions in health in an Emergency Care Unit (UPA)
Authors: Da Silva Lavínia Alves , Katagiri Satie , Da Silva Priscilla Nicácio , Rocha Izabella Chrystina
Published: February 2022

Objetivou-se relatar as ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde com profissionais de saúde acerca da COVID-19 em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento no interior de Mato Grosso. Trata-se de relato de experiência das ações de um projeto de extensão realizadas entre junho a novembro do ano de 2020. As ações foram concretizadas por meio da produção de vídeos educativos com a duração média de cinco minutos. Os vídeos foram elaborados por meio dos programas Powtoon e Power Point e disponibilizados entre os profissionais da instituição pelo aplicativo de mensagem Whatsapp. Como resultado foram produzidos e disponibilizados oito vídeos: Higienização das mãos em tempos de COVID-19; Uso de EPI´s durante a COVID-19: máscaras cirúrgicas; máscaras de proteção respiratória; luvas e gorro; óculos/protetor facial e avental; paramentação e desparamentação durante a COVID-19; Transporte de paciente com COVID-19 e sinais e sintomas da Síndrome gripal, Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) e da COVID-19. Os vídeos apresentaram boa aceitação entre os profissionais da instituição, contribuíram de forma objetiva para o conhecimento científico, e consistiram um meio de divulgação prático e de alcance eficaz entre os profissionais atuantes na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento.
Astaxanthin supplementation extracted from Haematococcus pluvialis on clinical parameters associated with chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome / Suplementação de astaxantina extraída de Haematococcus pluvialis sobre os parâmetros clínicos associados com doenças crônicas e síndrome metabólica
Authors: Altoé Aristeli Ferreira , Paes Carina de Aquino , Cirino Fabiane Paula Soares da Costa , Franco Amanda da Silva , Lima Elaine Cristina de Souza , Rodrigues Paulo Rogério Melo , De Velasco Patricia Coelho , Cardoso Felipe de Souza
Published: February 2022

Introduction: astaxanthin is a carotenoid compound found in marine organisms that, according to several studies, has significantly increased antioxidant properties, with possible benefits for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome. Objective: to indicate the possible biological effects of astaxanthin, as well as its forms of prescription and possible benefits for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome. Method: integrative review of clinical experimental studies, mainly, but of some pre-clinical studies, also published since 2000. The searches were carried out in the following databases: Pubmed, SciELO and Semantic Scholar. Results: the results indicated doses between 0.5 and 21.6mg/day, for a period from 2 weeks to 12 months, involving volunteers aged between 8 and 85 years, both genders. Supplements with astaxanthin indicated the ability to reduce oxidative stress, as well as biochemical parameters in the blood, such as low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin and others. The bioactive substance is also associated with a reduction in blood pressure, increased blood operations of high-density lipoprotein and adiponectin, reinforcing the hypothesis that astaxanthin is promising, as an aid in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: astaxanthin appears to be a complementary and innovative element for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome. However, no supplement will have a “miraculous” effect and will replace with constant changes in lifestyle, including healthy eating. The antioxidant effects of astaxanthin were confirmed and associated with the most varied metabolic and clinical outcomes. However, due to the reduced amount of evidence and heterogeneity of variables, further research is needed.
Fatores associados à violência durante a gestação no município de Maringá-Pr / Factors associated with violence during pregnancy in the city of Maringá-Pr
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Luiz Fitipaldi , Toyokawa Tamiris , Rodrigues da costa Filipe dos santos Fernandes borges , Raymundo Lizandra couto , Tomaz Adriana cunha Vargas
Published: February 2022

A violência contra a mulher perpetuada por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é um fenômeno complexo, multifacetado e tem sido reconhecido nas últimas décadas como um grave problema de saúde pública e social no mundo. O termo violência abrange em sua concepção como qualquer ação ou omissão baseada no gênero que cause a vítima, nesse caso a mulher, morte, lesão, sofrimento físico, sexual ou psicológico e dano moral ou patrimonial. Nesse espectro, eclodem aspectos que envolvem as relações humanas e o contexto sociocultural. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo, no município de Maringá - PR, por intermédio da Secretaria de Saúde e Higiene, com todas as gestantes cadastradas no e-SUS, pertencentes a 10 Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) locais, sendo elas: Zona Sul, Céu Azul, Morangueira, Alvorada II, Industrial, Aclimação, Tuiuti, Paraíso, Portal das Torres e Cidade Alta, a fim de identificar fatores associados à violência na gestação por questionário validado. Pôde-se identificar que 98,01% das entrevistadas relataram conhecer a Lei Maria da Penha, ao passo que 12,58% do total declararam ter sofrido algum tipo de violência durante a gestação. Dentre elas, 12,58% foram alvo de algum tipo de agressão física. A prevalência, porém, se deu entre as diversas formas de violência psicológica, 11,26%, sendo que, desta, 5,96% foram xingamentos e gritos (5,30%).O presente estudo almeja o reconhecimento da prevalência da violência durante o período gestacional e a identificação dos fatores sociais envolvidos intrínsecos ao contexto da violência às gestantes, contribuindo para a atenuação dos preconceitos e estigmas sociais vigentes
Vacinas contra COVID-19 disponíveis no Brasil / Vaccines against COVID-19 available in Brazil
Authors: Bee Grega Rúbia , Pinto Daniel Damazio , Da Silva Ana Claudia Costa Alves , Oliveira Tiago , Arrigo Jucicléia da Silva
Published: February 2022

O SARS-CoV-2 é um vírus que desencadeou um desastre mundial após ocasionar mortes em muitos países e infectar milhões de pessoas causando a doença COVID-19. Diversas vacinas foram desenvolvidas em tempo recorde para conter a pandemia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, analisar e comparar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, as publicações científicas sobre as diferentes vacinas contra COVID-19 administradas no Brasil. Para isso foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa utilizando artigos publicados recentemente, obtidos nas plataformas Pubmed, Scielo, Capes e Lilacs, assim como nos sites da Organização Mundial da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e outras organizações de saúde confiáveis, buscando informações relevantes, como os diferentes tipos de tecnologias empregadas para o desenvolvimento das vacinas, composição, taxas de eficácia, prazo de validade, armazenamento, doses, administração, efeitos adversos e contraindicações de cada fabricante das vacinas contra a COVID-19. Esse estudo concluiu que os quatro imunizantes administrados no Brasil: CoronaVac, AstraZeneca, Pfizer e Janssen, mostraram confiabilidade, eficácia e poucos efeitos colaterais. Com o avanço da vacinação houve uma queda nos casos graves e óbitos causados pelo SARS-CoV-2.