bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the vibration of effects due to model, data pre-processing and sampling uncertainty on a large data set in personality psychology
Authors: Klau Simon , Felix  , Patel Chirag J. , Ioannidis John P. A. , Boulesteix Anne-Laure , Hoffmann Sabine
Published: May 2023

Researchers have great flexibility in the analysis of observational data. If combined with selective reporting and pressure to publish, this flexibility can have devastating consequences on the validity of research findings. We extend the recently proposed vibration of effects approach to provide a framework comparing three main sources of uncertainty which lead to instability in empirical findings, namely data pre-processing, model, and sampling uncertainty. We analyze the behavior of these sources for varying sample sizes for two associations in personality psychology. Through the joint investigation of model and data pre-processing vibration, we can compare the relative impact of these two types of uncertainty and identify the most influential analytical choices. While all types of vibration show a decrease for increasing sample sizes, data pre-processing and model vibration remain non-negligible, even for a sample of over 80000 participants. The increasing availability of large data sets that are not initially recorded for research purposes can make data pre-processing and model choices very influential. We therefore recommend the framework as a tool for transparent reporting of the stability of research findings.
We are all less risky and more skillful than our fellow drivers: Successful replication and extension of Svenson (1981)‎
Authors: Koppel Lina , Andersson David , Tinghög Gustav , Västfjäll Daniel , Feldman Gilad
Published: May 2023

The better-than-average effect refers to the tendency to rate oneself as better than the average person on desirable traits and skills. In a classic study, Svenson (1981) asked participants to rate their driving safety and skill compared to other participants in the experiment. Results showed that the majority of participants rated themselves as far above the median, despite the statistical impossibility of more than 50% of participants being above the median. We report a preregistered, well-powered (total N = 1,203), very close replication and extension of the Svenson (1981) study. Our results indicate that the majority of participants rated their driving skill and safety as above average. We added different response scales as an extension and findings were stable across all three mesaures. Thus, our findings are consistent with the original findings by Svenson (1981). Materials, data, and code are available at https://osf.io/fxpwb/
A NUMERICAL STUDY ON COMBUSTION IN ARRAYS OF BIDIRECTIONAL SWIRLING JETS
Authors: Evdokimov Oleg A. , Guryanov Alexander Igorevich , Veretennikov Sergey V. , Koshkin Valeriy I. , Arkharova Nataliya V.
Published: May 2023

A numerical study of combustion in bidirectional swirling jets arrays is performed for the first time. A choice of bidirectional flow for designing burner arrays is caused by their advanced properties in terms of combustion stability, long fuel residence time, pollutants emission, etc. The simplest array studied in the paper is of square shape (3 × 3) and consists of the central toroidal bidirectional chamber and 8 peripheral cylindrical chambers. Such a decision is made to improve the stability of combustion due to the advantages of the toroidal shape known from the previous studies. The main result for the square array is that the flame surface area increases significantly, and the fuel burning rate is 1.68 times more compared to a single bidirectional chamber. Additionally, the simulations show that the key factor in array combustion stability is related to the formation of central recirculation zones in each bidirectional jet. Based on these results, the multipoint gas turbine combustor is designed. Its primary combustion zone is formed using the multiplied 3 × 3 array of bidirectional jets over the annulus. Thus, the overall number of simple vortex chambers in the annular array is 90. A numerical simulation of the new multipoint combustor operation shows a very intense jets interaction in its first half and its efficiency is more than 99%. Moreover, the calculated emission properties at an overall pressure ratio OPR = 40 suit the modern environmental requirements: CO = 12 ppm, NO = 22 ppm.
ON THE SELF-STARTING COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DARRIEUS AND HYBRID HYDROKINETIC ROTOR
Authors: Saini Gaurav , De Ashoke
Published: May 2023

Darrieus rotor is a promising technology for hydrokinetic and wind energy harvesting applications. However, the Darrieus rotor suffers from the problem of poor starting performance. The present research highlights solutions to improve the poor starting performance of the Darrieus rotor by introducing the hybrid rotor. Further, a comparative performance evaluation of conventional vertical axis Darrieus and hybrid rotors has been investigated numerically. The most widely used S-series S-1046 hydrofoil has been utilized by hybrid and Darrieus rotors. Further, two semicircular blades are used for the Savonius part of the hybrid rotor. The size of the Savonius part is optimized to obtain maximum performance from the hybrid rotor. Analyzing the flow field distributions across the turbine vicinity has highlighted various possible reasons. The study results have demonstrated that the hybrid rotor yields an exceptional increment of about 159.41% in the torque coefficient under low tip speed ratio (TSR) regimes (during initial starting) compared to the Darrieus rotor. However, due to the Savonius rotor's presence, the hybrid rotor's maximum power coefficient is reduced slightly compared to the maximum operating point of the Darrieus rotor. Further, the hybrid rotor yields a wider operating range than the single maximum operating point by the Darrieus rotor. The present investigations will assist the designers in selecting the site-specific hydrokinetic technology suitable for efficient and optimum use of hydrokinetic potential.
PARAMETRIC STUDY OF AGITATOR IN TiO2 PRECIPITATION TANK USING MULTIPHASE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Han Junhee , Kim Hyojung , Lee Dohyung
Published: May 2023

The production of high-quality white pigment in the sulfate process heavily relies on the formation of titanium dioxide particles of anatase. Uniformity of the TiO2 particle is a crucial factor in determining the quality of the final products, which can be improved by maximizing the mixing rate in the precipitation tank. This uniformity is also essential to the efficiency of the subsequent Moore filtration process, which directly affects the production capacity of the plant. To investigate the impact of different blade shapes on a precipitation tank, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and lab-scale tests were utilized. After analyzing the design parameters' impact on overall performance, the study conducted a field test using both standard and optimized blades. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to compare the particle size distribution between the two types of agitators. The study concludes that the CFD multiphase simulation developed in this research can be effectively applied to improve the precipitation process.
Framing blockchain-integrated digital twins for emergent healthcare: a proof of concept
Authors: Lu Qiuchen , Chen Long , Xie Xiang , Fang Zigeng , Ye Zhen , Pitt Michael
Published: May 2023

It has been witnessed that digital technology has the potential to improve the efficiency of emergent healthcare management of Covid-19; however, it has not been widely adopted due to unclear definition and configuration. This research aims to propose a proof of concept of digital twins for emergent healthcare management by configuring the cyber and functional interdependencies of healthcare systems at local and city levels. Critical interdependencies of healthcare systems were firstly identified at both levels, and then the information and associated cyber and functional interdependencies embedded in seven critical hospital information systems (HISs) were identified and mapped. The proposed conceptual digital-twin-based approach was then developed for information coordination among these critical HISs at both local and city levels based on permissioned blockchain to (a) integrate and manage information from the seven critical HISs and (b) further predict the demands for medical resources according to patient trajectories. A case study was finally conducted at three hospitals in London during the Covid-19 period, and the results showed that the developed framework of blockchain-integrated digital twins is a promising way to provide more accurate and timely procurement information to decision makers and can effectively support evidence-based decisions on medical resource allocation in the pandemic.
Antropausia y comportamiento humano
Authors: Bacigalupe Maria de los Angeles
Published: May 2023

Propósito: desde la perspectiva de la antropología relacional que adoptamos para nuestra propuesta de neurociencia educacional situada, realizamos una reflexión teórica a fin de generar espacios de discusión donde la neurociencia educacional pueda realizar aportes valiosos en el contexto de pandemia y pospandemia por COVID-19.Tema: el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 ha permitido poner en tensión cuestiones que estaban pendientes en la agenda global. Entre estos temas la importancia del ser humano como parte del ecosistema con el cual mantiene relaciones de co-construcción no es menor. La neurociencia educacional situada constituye una herramienta que puede traer a la discusión aportes valiosos para colaborar en el abordaje de esta tensión.Desarrollo: destacamos cuatro aspectos en esta reflexión teórica: 1) la oportunidad del contexto actual de antropausia, 2) el rol de los estudios evolutivos y sociales del comportamiento humano, 3) la contribución de la investigación traslacional y el caso de la neurociencia educacional como transdisciplina con funciones de investigación traslacional y como enfoque de la educación y 4) la presentación sucinta de dos propuestas donde sostenemos que una neurociencia educacional situada tiene herramientas para aportar.Conclusiones: proponemos conclusiones abiertas a la discusión donde retomamos la idea de una neurociencia educacional situada y comprometida. Como enfoque o como transdisciplina con funciones de investigación traslacional, consideramos que una neurociencia educacional situada contiene herramientas que pueden aportar a la conversación con otras ciencias y disciplinas y con los saberes empíricos de las comunidades, a fin de aunar esfuerzos para superar las injusticias sociales y salir adelante como humanidad de esta situación de pandemia actual, habiendo adquirido estrategias de resiliencia que puedan servir para afrontar otras situaciones persistentes y futuras.
Warum geschlechtergerechter Arbeitsschutz? (Teil 1)
Authors: Weg Marianne
Published: May 2023

„Gender“ und „Diversity“ mit in den Blick zu nehmen, fällt dem Arbeitsschutz nicht auf Anhieb leicht. Es ist aber eine Voraussetzung für wirksames Handeln – kein Anschlag, sondern eine Verheißung: Geschlechtergerechter, Diversity-sensibler Arbeitsschutz und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung kommen Frauen und Männern sowie allen Personen mit spezifischem Schutzbedarf zugute. Auch die Betriebe gewinnen dabei. Dieser Beitrag nennt die Argumente. Der Folgebeitrag in ASU 6/2023 zeigt die Ansatzpunkte sowie Beispiele aus der Praxis.
Guter Mutterschutz zählt
Authors:   DGB Bundesvorstand, Berlin, Raab Silke
Published: May 2023

Beim Mutterschutz kommt es auf gute Praxis an. Das Mutterschutzgesetz ist nur so gut, wie alle betrieblichen Akteurinnen und Akteure dazu beitragen, es den Vorgaben gemäß umzusetzen. Für die Erwerbsbiografien von Frauen und die gute Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie von Anfang an ist das essenziell. Aktuelle Erkenntnisse zeigen: Hier ist noch viel Luft nach oben.
Zwischen Kinderbetreuung und Teammeeting
Authors: Carstensen Finja
Published: May 2023

Die Vereinbarkeit von Familie, Pflegeverantwortungen, privaten Interessen und dem Erwerbsleben stellt Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer alltäglich vor enorme Herausforderungen. Erschöpfung, Stress, Altersarmut und der Gender Care Gap sind nur einige der Folgen, die daraus resultieren. Doch wie genau steht es um die Vereinbarkeit? Warum ist eine partnerschaftliche Vereinbarkeit so wichtig? Und wie kann diese betrieblich gut umgesetzt werden?
Metaphors of pandemic discourse (on the material of German media)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Trofimova Nella A. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on the analysis of metaphorical representations of the coronavirus pandemic in texts selected by continuous sampling from German-language media. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of conceptual metaphor, as well as the Russian theory of metaphorical modeling, which allow us to single out universal metaphorical models that are in line with the Zeitgeist and are part of the national picture of the world. Pandemic discourse was selected as the research space. It is understood as a media supertext or as a collection of media texts united by one topic and aimed at reflecting events associated with the pandemic. Further, the article examines predictable metaphorical models – the military model with an extensive system of slots representing most of the elements of “military” actions aimed at combating the virus; the disaster model (tsunami, storm, fire) showing the attitude to the virus as to a dangerous and uncontrollable phenomenon; the ambivalent road model (the road from the pandemic, on the one hand, and the road along which the virus is walking around the world, on the other); the legal model focusing attention on the protest part of the discourse; the zoomorphic model; the theatrical-game model. The author shows an example of the interaction of units of different metaphorical models for the implication of certain nuances of meaning. The conceptual metaphors that fill the slots of these models show the complex moral and psychological state of society and an ambiguous social attitude towards the pandemic reality. The final part of the article describes living metaphors, born as a response to the anxiety of the situation and fear, realizing unconventional meanings, to some extent a carnival attitude to what is happening, speaking ironically and/or describing everything in a plain, upfront way. A striking linguistic fact in this category of metaphors is serial metaphors, which form large word families and, by one feature, characterize a number of objects or phenomena of the new reality. Attention is drawn to complex metaphors, the semantics of which is made up of a pun on the direct meanings of the components. The conclusion states the high degree of emotional impact of metaphors, the dynamism of the metaphorical picture of the pandemic reality, its dependence on many objective and individual factors, as well as on ideological reasons. The prospect of the research is seen in the description of anthropomorphic metaphorical images of pandemic discourse of the corona-humoristic texts.
"Жуковский есть истинный наш брат": Н. М. Карамзин и В. А. Жуковский (к проблеме "Карамзин и его окружение")
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Frik Tatyana B.
Published: May 2023

The work is aimed at solving a topical research problem of establishing and maximally describing Karamzin’s circle. The article examines the relationship of the historiographer with Vasily A. Zhukovsky. To prepare an entry about Vasily A. Zhukovsky for the Nikolay M. Karamzin and His Circle reference dictionary, the author identified and systematized the available documentary evidence concerning the contacts of the poet and the historiographer. Based on a large number of sources, the author traces the history of their communication from the moment of acquaintance in 1800 to their last meeting in May 1826. She also considers facts reflecting Zhukovsky’s actions aimed at preserving the memory of Karamzin. The author notes the friendly nature of their relationship, highlights its significance for both Zhukovsky and Karamzin, and concludes that they both had a great influence on each other’s life and work. The facts confirming the closeness of Karamzin’s and Zhukovsky’s worldviews and behavioral strategies are considered separately. The historiographer and the poet had similar attitudes to life. Karamzin was significant in Zhukovsky’s behavioral discourse throughout his life: the poet regularly refers to Karamzin’s philosophemes when formulating maxims of his own life philosophy. Examples of Zhukovsky’s and Karamzin’s similar behavioral strategies are their statements regarding participation in the polemic, testimonies by their contemporaries. The author also emphasizes the historical and ideological role of the historiographer and the poet as courtiers, and mentions the continuity between the behavioral text of the monarch and the citizen formed by Karamzin and the imperial text of Zhukovsky. Based on the surviving letters of Karamzin to Zhukovsky, as well as the epistolary works of their closest friends, the author reconstructs the images of the poet and the historiographer in their perception of each other. Karamzin saw Zhukovsky as a truly close person, and Zhukovsky perceived the historiographer as a father and a friend, an evangelist and a mentor. In conclusion, the author notes that the poet played a significant role in the formation of the Karamzin myth. The poet sacralized the historiographer, which was based on both Zhukovsky’s sincere love for Karamzin and the idea of the historical and cultural significance of a person like Karamzin. Idealizing the historiographer, Zhukovsky constructed his image under his own pedagogical and educational program, bringing to the fore ethical personal qualities that were particularly significant for him.
Team competencies as a factor of success of university transformation projects: a cross-country analysis
Authors:   Omsk State University, Apenko Svetlana N. , Efimova Galina Z. ,   University of Tyumen, Semenov Maksim Yu. ,   University of Tyumen
Published: May 2023

The article examines the competencies of university transformation teams as the main factor in the success of the implementation of strategic projects of strategic changes of the university. A theoretical and empirical study of the competencies of university transformation project teams has been conducted. The importance of the competence of the management team of academic sector transformation projects is determined. Empirical data were collected on the materials of a cross-country analysis, implemented in two stages: (1) questionnaire survey of 203 experts from universities in Russia, Serbia, Georgia, Iran; (2) in-depth semi-formalized interview of 78 informants in three Russian universities. Based on the empirical data, the competence profile of qualified specialists (from among the administrative and managerial staff of universities involved in university transformation project teams) was measured, and a competence model was built. The analysis of the experience of implementing specific transformation projects of the university allowed us to identify significant criteria for the success of these projects: the fact of completion of the project; the obtained result and product of the project that suits the customer / consumer. When as sessing success, it is more important for experts to receive a product and to a much lesser extent the criterion of product quality is significant. When assessing the failure of projects, the absolute majority of experts named the unsatisfactory quality of the product and the result of the university transformation project as the most important criterion. The perception of success is almost not affected by the criterion of meeting the deadlines of the project, but the state of failure is determined by compliance with the time frame of the project. Stakeholders’ satisfaction with the project results is designated as a significant criterion for both the success and failure of the project. The positions of the administrative and managerial staff of universities regarding the criteria for the success of project activities of transformation correlate with the existing standards for evaluating project activities. Measures are proposed to improve the competencies of the project teams of the transformation of universities. The research has value for the leadership of the academic sector for the development of team competencies of employees.
Russian IT community in the context of socio-cultural modernization. Interview results. Part 2
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Merzliakov Sergei S. , Sukhina Tatiana S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: May 2023

The article is the second part of a study of the socio-cultural characteristics of the Russian community of IT specialists. The article examines the responses received during interviews of IT specialists on topics such as the modernization of Russian society, the assessment of the modernization process by IT specialists and their identification of possible obstacles; the development of the digital economy in Russia, the effectiveness of the state as a subject of the digital economy; attitude to the phenomenon of “Russian hackers”; “useful” and “harmful” qualities of a Russian IT specialist in the context of the socio-cultural potential of a Russian specialist; the potential of “gray” technologies in Russia; the benefits of humanitarian practices for specialists in the field of digital technologies. In the context of the question of the modernization of Russian society, we found out that the respondents have a request to participate in the choice of the way of social development. The overwhelming majority of the respondents agreed that the digitalization of the Russian economy is going dynamically. In general, they also positively assessed the role of the state in the digital economy. However, they also expressed some concerns about the relationship between Russian society and the state. The respondents also offered options for improving the competitiveness of Russian IT. The useful qualities of the Russian IT specialist included such features as constant learning of new things, the ability to work collectively, diligence, efficiency, logical thinking and increased social activity. Such qualities as arrogance, which, in our opinion, is the main obstacle to the positive use of the studied community as a tool of socio-cultural modernization, as well as some unreliability in work, value nomadism, etc. were attributed to the negative ones. All the interlocutors actively use humanitarian practices in their lives and are versatile personalities, which may indicate the possible effectiveness and the socio-cultural potential of the output of “techies” in purely humanitarian areas. The aim of the research has been achieved: with this research we have confirmed the results of our previous studies. New areas of research have also been discovered. The general conclusion is that the Russian community of IT specialists is a qualitative tool for the socio-cultural modernization of Russian society.
Restoration of sinus rhythm in a late presentation of inferior STEMI complicated by complete heart block with percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Omar Fakhreddine , Omar Chaabo , Maurice Khoury , Ziyad Ghazzal
Published: May 2023

An 87-year-old female patient presented with a two-day history of the chest and epigastric pain associated with generalized fatigue. She was diagnosed with late presentation inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by complete heart block. Given her late presentation, she was not taken to the catheterization laboratory immediately. She was admitted to the cardiac care unit. Transthoracic echocardiography showed an ejection fraction of 55% - 60% with wall motion abnormalities involving the posterior and inferior walls. A coronary angiogram the next day showed a total occlusion of the proximal segment of the RCA. Despite the uncertain benefit, taking into account the complete heart block, the artery was re-canalized with stent placement. She remained in complete heart block with stable hemodynamics. The heart team took the decision with the family to delay the insertion of a permanent pacemaker to maximize the chance of spontaneous recovery. Indeed, three days after coronary revascularization, her rhythm evolved into atrial fibrillation and two days later reverted to sinus rhythm with first-degree AV block and LAFB. She remained in normal sinus rhythm and first-degree AV block at her six months follow-up clinic visit. Data regarding the role of percutaneous intervention in patients presenting with late inferior STEMI and complete heart block is lacking. Our case illustrates the possible therapeutic role of late intervention in restoring sinus rhythm and avoiding the insertion of a permanent pacemaker.
A validated protocol to UV-inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and herpesvirus-infected cells v1
Authors: K. Soh Timothy
Published: May 2023

Downstream analysis of virus-infected cell samples, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) or mass spectrometry, often needs to be performed at lower biosafety levels than their actual cultivation, and thus the samples require inactivation before they can be transferred. Common inactivation methods involve chemical crosslinking with formaldehyde or denaturing samples with strong detergents, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, these protocols destroy the protein quaternary structure and prevent the analysis of protein complexes, albeit through different chemical mechanisms. This often leads to studies being performed in over-expression or surrogate model systems. To address this problem, we generated a protocol that achieves the inactivation of infected cells through ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. UV irradiation damages viral genomes and crosslinks nucleic acids to proteins but leaves the overall structure of protein complexes mostly intact. Protein analysis can then be performed from intact cells without biosafety containment. While UV treatment protocols have been established to inactivate diluted viral solutions, a protocol was missing to inactivate crude infected cell lysates, which heavily absorb light. In this work, we develop and validate a UV inactivation protocol for SARS-CoV-2, HSV-1, and HCMV-infected cells. A fluence of 10,000 mJ/cm2 with intermittent mixing was sufficient to completely inactivate infected cells, as demonstrated by the absence of viral replication even after three sequential passages of cells inoculated with the treated material. The herein described protocol should serve as a reference for inactivating cells with these or similar viruses and allow for the analysis of protein quaternary structure from bona fide infected cells.
CHRISTIAN GEOPOLITICS: HIS ALL-HOLINESS ECUMENICAL PATRIARCH BARTHOLOMEW І AND UKRAINIAN AUTOCEPHALY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Trush Tetiana
Published: May 2023

This article will discuss the role of the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew І in restoring the independence of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine. Today we are witnessing radical changes in our country. These changes are related to the restoration and struggle of Ukraine for its independence. It is a struggle both in the political arena and in the arena of the national church project. Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew has been an invaluable help in this direction for Ukraine. Therefore, this article will highlight the path Ukraine has taken to receive Thomas. The giving of Thomas to Ukraine is a solution to a universal global question that has lasted for centuries. Thomas is a borderline of sorts against Russian encroachment on Ukrainian lands, church, and culture. And the events of 2018 at the Cathedral of Bishops of the Ecumenical Patriarchate become important from a geopolitical point of view. The consequence was the restoration of the independence of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church.
"THE FIRST NOT ONLY IN HONOR": ANALYSIS OF ECCLESIOLOGICAL INNOVATION OF HIS ALL-HOLINESS ECUMENICAL PATRIARCH BARTHOLOMEW І
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Sarapin Alexander
Published: May 2023

Based on the statements of Patriarch Bartholomew І, stated in an interview with the New York newspaper National Preacher, an analysis of his ecclesiological innovation is offered. We are talking about a radical revision of the problem of primacy at the level of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The principle that he declared "first not only in honor" should be taken as evidence of unconditional adherence to the provisions of universalist ecclesiology. On the other hand, his previous statements of agreement with the provisions of Eucharistic ecclesiology should be questioned. The article shows the discrepancy between the principle "the first not only in honor" with certain canons of the Ecumenical Councils. The implementation of this ecclesiological innovation led to a number of irreversible consequences that led to a crisis in relations between some autocephalous Churches. Evidence of this should be recognized: 1) verdict of the Holy Synod of the Moscow Patriarchate (December 2013), which expresses distrust of those ecclesiological innovations that undermine the principle of conciliarism (sobornost); 2) the decision of the Council of Bishops of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (September 2018) to grant autocephaly to a certain Church without coordination with the opinions of the primates of other local Churches; 3) the fact of granting the Tomos to the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (January 2019). Two perspectives are proposed for the further introduction of the principle "the first is not only in honor" in theological discourses. We are talking about the path of "church modernization" or about the resumption of the policy of "Eastern papism" by the Ecumenical Patriarch. Hope is expressed for further efforts by Orthodox theologians in upholding the ecclesiological principle of "primacy in honor, but not in power".
Department of Pharmacology at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy: The first 100 years (1798–1898)
Authors: Shabanov Petr D.
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the history of the creation and development of the Department of Pharmacology of the Medico-Surgical (since 1881 Military Medical) Academy for the first 100 years of its existence. The department was created in 1798 as one of the first seven departments of the academy. It taught materia medica, or medicinal substance, which then combined pharmacy, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology. The period was marked by the appearance of the first textbook on pharmacology (A.P. Nelyubin, 1827), opening of the laboratory of experimental pharmacology (O.V. Zabelin, 1868), beginning of a critical revision of the main drugs included in the state pharmacopoeia of that time, based on their experimental studies (P.P. Sushchinsky, 18761889), a detailed description of the principle of conditioned reflexes for studying digestive secretions (I.P. Pavlov, 18951897), and other significant scientific and pedagogical events. In the 19th century, the conceptual apparatus of pharmacology, its scientific methodology, was formed, which was most clearly established at the beginning of the 20th century through the efforts of N.P. Kravkov, S.V. Anichkov, and their scientific followers. However, the works performed at the Department of Pharmacology in the 19th century were not analyzed in detail by anyone; for the most part, they only mentioned the personalities of the people who headed it and their specific, primarily pedagogical successes. This article is intended to fill this gap.
Supplementing traditional drug formulation with the “needed” gases opens the way for the development of a new generation of drugs
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr L. , Shabanov Petr D. , Gurevich Konstantin G. , Lovtsova Lyubov V.
Published: May 2023

The mechanism of action of drugs is traditionally considered the specific action of the main active ingredients. Therefore, to study the mechanism of action of drugs, specialists use selected chemical compounds in chemically pure form. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, studies have reported that the action of drugs in dosage forms (tablets, solutions, etc.) is different from the action of chemically pure ingredients. The fact is that tablets, solutions, and other dosage forms contain not only the main ingredients but also auxiliary, shape-forming ingredients, and gases that supplement the specific action of the main ingredients with their nonspecific action. The gases penetrate the dosage forms from the air; however, selected gases can be introduced into the drugs under excessive pressure. Evidence presents that purposefully altering the gas content of drug tablets and solutions can regulate their mass, volume, specific gravity, porosity, physicochemical activity, and local pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, especially when drugs are administered locally. Examples are shown on how the use of this regularity has allowed the development of a new generation of drugs in Russia, namely, drugs with a specific gas composition. Studies have reported that changing the gas composition of old (registered) drugs may turn them into new drugs. Some drugs invented in Russia included gases in their formulation, which play the role of auxiliary, shape-forming, and even main ingredients. Thus, the gas composition of drugs was proposed as an additional indicator of their quality and an important factor in their physicochemical activity. An expanded list of new generation drugs was hoped for in the near future.
A Study on the Effect of TikTok Live Commerce on Intention to Use: Focusing on the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM)
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Fang Helong , Kim Soon-Hong
Published: May 2023

Live Commerce is a new online shopping method that is more convenient than traditional online shopping through real-time communication, proxy experience of products or services, and various products, and can give great satisfaction while receiving more trust from consumers. In addition, due to COVID-19, untact consumption methods have been actively developed, and live commerce has achieved massive explosive growth in China. This study conducted an online survey of users using China TikTok live commerce. The collected questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 22.0.
This study analyzed the impact of Tik Tok, a popular live commerce platform in China, on consumer sustainability intention using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). As for the empirical analysis results, the expanded technology acceptance model has better predictive and explanatory power due to the introduction of external factor interactions. Interaction was found to have a significant effect on perceived pleasure, ease, usefulness, and reliability. The respondents of this study are all familiar with online shopping because they are more than 80% young, and the perceived ease of online shopping is less important than the initial technology acceptance model, and the perceived ease has no statistical significance in satisfaction.
Efektivitas model Project Based Learning dengan pembelajaran outdoor dalam meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan peserta didik pada materi mitigasi bencana alam
Authors: Rose Ardianto , Sumarmi Sumarmi , Marlina Marlina
Published: May 2023

Human activity is one of the main triggers for environmental degradation in Indonesia. The level of disaster risk in an area can be affected by environmental damage that occurs in that area. In order to minimize the occurrence of natural disasters caused by human intervention, concern for the environment needs to be increased. For this reason, it is necessary to apply environmentally sound learning models and methods which are expected to be able to increase students' environmental care attitudes. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effectiveness of using the Project Based Learning model with outdoor learning to increase the environmental care attitude of class XI students in geography learning on disaster mitigation material. The type of approach applied in this research is quantitative with the research method in the form of quasi-experiments. By conducting a compare mean test through an independent sample t-test in both groups, a significance value of 0.829 was obtained. A significance value that is much greater than 0.05 illustrates that the experimental learning models and methods can improve students' environmental care attitudes. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the use of project based learning models with outdoor learning has proven effective in increasing students' awareness of the environment, especially in material that discusses natural disaster mitigation in geography learning.

Aktivitas manusia adalah salah satu pemicu utama terjadinya penurunan kualitas lingkungan di Indonesia. Tingkat resiko kejadian bencana di suatu wilayah dapat dipengaruhi oleh kerusakan lingkungan yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut. Demi meminimalisir terjadinya bencana alam yang disebabkan oleh campur tangan manusia maka kepedulian terhadap lingkungan perlu ditingkatkan. Untuk itu diperlukan penerapan model dan metode pembelajaran berwawasan lingkungan yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan model Project Based Learning dengan pembelajaran outdoor dalam meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan peserta didik kelas XI pada pembelajaran geografi materi mitigasi bencana. Jenis pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian berupa eksperimen semu. Dengan melakukan uji compare mean melalui uji independent sample t-test di kedua kelompok diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,829. Nilai signifikasi yang jauh lebih besar dari 0,05 menggambarkan bahwa model dan metode pembelajaran yang dieksperimenkan dapat meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan peserta didik. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan penggunaan model project based learning dengan pembelajaran outdoor terbukti efektif untuk meningkatkan kepedulian peserta didik terhadap lingkungan khususnya pada materi yang membahas mitigasi bencana alam dalam pembelajaran geografi.
Pemetaan tingkat risiko bencana tanah longsor di Kecamatan Wonosalam Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Farisy Muhammad Sauki Al , Hartono Rudi , Purwanto Purwanto , Susetyo Bigharta Bekti
Published: May 2023

The Wonosalam District, located in Jombang Regency, East Java Province, has a history of multiple landslides in the last 5 years. This is because the district is situated in the Mount Anjasmara Area which is part of a steep mountain range, resulting in a distinct geological structure and high degree of slope. This makes the district highly susceptible to landslides, particularly due to its location. To mitigate potential losses from disasters, a mapping of the landslide risk level has been created to proactively address the issue. The landslide risk mapping is based on a geographic information system that incorporates scoring, weighting, and overlay techniques. The scoring and weighting process is in accordance with Perka BNPB No. 2 of 2012 and has been modified to suit the local conditions on the ground. The landslide disaster risk mapping produced results indicating the risk levels in 9 villages in the Wonosalam District. Out of these, Galengdowo, Distance, and Carangwulung Villages were classified as having a medium risk level, while the remaining 6 villages (Wonomerto, Sambirejo, Wonosalam, Panglungan, Wonokerto, and Sumberjo) were considered to have a low risk level.

Kecamatan Wonosalam yang terletak di Kabupaten Jombang, Provinsi Jawa Timur, memiliki sejarah longsor dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Hal ini karena kabupaten ini terletak di Kawasan Gunung Anjasmara yang merupakan bagian dari rangkaian pegunungan yang terjal, sehingga menghasilkan struktur geologi yang khas dan kemiringan lereng yang tinggi. Hal ini membuat kabupaten ini sangat rentan terhadap tanah longsor, terutama karena lokasinya. Untuk memitigasi potensi kerugian akibat bencana, pemetaan tingkat risiko tanah longsor telah dibuat untuk secara proaktif mengatasi masalah tersebut. Pemetaan resiko tanah longsor didasarkan pada sistem data geografis yang mencampurkan metode skoring, pembobotan, serta overlay. Proses kajian serta pembobotan cocok dengan Perka BNPB Nomor. 2 Tahun 2012, serta sudah dimodifikasi cocok dengan keadaan setempat di lapangan. Pemetaan risiko bencana tanah longsor menghasilkan tingkat risiko di 9 desa di Kecamatan Wonosalam. Dari jumlah tersebut, Desa Galengdowo, Jarak, dan Carangwulung tergolong memiliki tingkat risiko sedang, sedangkan 6 desa lainnya (Wonomerto, Sambirejo, Wonosalam, Panglungan, Wonokerto, dan Sumberjo) tergolong memiliki tingkat risiko rendah.
Mekanisme survival pelaku UMKM dalam menghidupi ekonomi keluarga (studi kasus penjual pakaian di Pasar Gemek)
Authors: Saroya Zulfatus , Bakhri Syamsul , Baharuddin M. Achwan
Published: May 2023

MSMEs are the main source of family income so that their income affects how the family economy can be fulfilled. Called a business whose income is uncertain, MSME actors must think extra in fulfilling the family's economic survival mechanism. Qualitative research with this case study method aims to find out and analyze the survival mechanism applied by MSME clothing traders in the Gemek market. The results of the study are based on interview data to several MSME players clothing traders that have been carried out directly in the Gemek market. The results of the study were obtained if the average MSME actor of clothing traders has implemented a survival mechanism in the family economy. This is based on the interviewee taking odd jobs as well as some family members also doing work to meet the family's economic needs. This means that some MSME actors who sell clothing have implemented survival mechanisms using other self-help substitution alternatives.

UMKM menjadi sumber utama penghasilan keluarga sehingga pendapatan nya mempengaruhi bagaimana ekonomi keluarga dapat terpenuhi. Disebut dengan usaha yang pendapatanya tidak menentu, pelaku UMKM harus berfikir extra dalam memenuhi mekanisme survival ekonomi keluarga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus teori mekanisme survival James Schoot. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis mekanisme survival yang diterapkan oleh pelaku UMKM pedagang pakaian di pasar Gemek. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan data wawancara kepada beberapa pelaku UMKM pedagang pakaian yang telah dilakukan secara langsung di pasar Gemek. Hasil penelitian didapat jika rata-rata pelaku UMKM pedagang pakaian telah menerapkan mekanisme survival dalam ekonomi keluarga. Hal ini didasarkan pada narasumber yang mengambil pekerjaan sambilan serta beberapa anggota keluarga juga melakukan pekerjaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga. Berarti beberapa pelaku UMKM pedagang pakaian telah menerapkan mekanisme survival Menggunakan alternative substensi swadaya lain.
Peran guru dalam meningkatkan disiplin siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Fajar , Muyu Chelse V. , Mesra Romi
Published: May 2023

Students still don't understand that character education can make them better individuals and not be rude to playmates or parents, let alone teachers. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the teacher in improving student discipline at SMA Negeri 1 Motoling. This study used a qualitative research method or methods and data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the teacher's role in increasing student discipline when the teacher is serious is the one who prepares the basics of homework on each subject or subjects that require real interaction, communication, and collaboration between students. So while they have more control over setting daily routines, managing class assignments and monitoring their relationships with students, setting class rules, and managing reward structures, they have more freedom and less control.

Siswa masih belum memahami bahwa pendidikan karakter dapat menjadikan mereka pribadi yang lebih baik dan tidak bersikap kasar kepada teman bermain atau orang tua, apalagi guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Motoling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode atau metode penelitian kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data berupa kegiatan observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran guru dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa ketika guru bersungguh-sungguh adalah yang menyiapkan dasar-dasar pekerjaan rumah pada setiap mata pelajaran atau mata pelajaran yang memerlukan interaksi, komunikasi, dan kerjasama yang nyata antar siswa. Jadi, meskipun mereka memiliki kontrol lebih besar atas pengaturan rutinitas sehari-hari, mengelola tugas kelas dan memantau hubungan mereka dengan siswa, menetapkan aturan kelas, dan mengatur struktur penghargaan, mereka memiliki lebih banyak kebebasan dan lebih sedikit kontrol.
Mejorando las estrategias de evaluación en la materia Geografía Física del Grado en Biología
Authors: Santos Fidalgo Luisa
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a reflection on the evaluation of competency-based training in Higher Education, in which the object of evaluation is not only the knowledge acquired but also the skills developed by the students. In this sense, it is not just a question of issuing a judgment at the end of the learning process, but of following the progression of the development of skills, so that the formative evaluation, which informs the student about the progression of their learning, is an essential element of evaluation in training by competencies. Focusing on the Physical Geography subject of the Degree in Biology, evaluative strategies are proposed, useful for both students and teachers, that make it possible to develop skills such as quality feedback, self-assessment or peer assessment and it is proposed evaluation using rubrics to achieve a quality educational evaluation.
Kahoot! como proposta de ludificación de autoavaliacións
Authors: Santos López Iria M.
Published: May 2023

This text presents the teaching experience of using the Kahoot! This text presents the teaching experience of using the Kahoot! application as an educational resource for the creation of self-assessments in the subject Computer Science for the Creation of Web and Video of the Degree in Audiovisual Communication of the Faculty of Communication Sciences of the University of A Coruña during the second semester of the second course in the academic year 2021/2022. This experience is part, therefore, of an obligatory subject that gives 6 credits and in which the number of students of the exposed course are 61. This academic year counted with 30 hours of expository teaching, increasing 20 hours with respect to this type of teaching in previous years, so, as it is considered a subject of special importance of practice, it was decided to add this type of gamification to give more interactivity to the students in the theoretical classrooms. The results, both qualitative and quantitative, were of satisfaction both for the teaching staff and the students.