bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracing the “Chinese Dream” from the Perspective of Social Culture
Authors: Rong Yang , Qiangan Wang
Published: April 2023

The “Chinese Dream” has existed as a combination of Chinese characters for more than 700 years, however its connotation varies in different social development stages. At the beginning of the 20th century, Chinese intellectuals began to look for the “Chinese Dream”. In the 1980s, the cultural community regained the “Chinese Dream”. After entering the new century, all sectors of society deeply discussed the “Chinese Dream”. The development and evolution of the concept of this phrase actually reflected the vicissitudes of Chinese society in the past century. The “Chinese Dream” we are talking about today is closely linked with the limiting phrase “realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation”, proposed by the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping in 2012. The “Chinese Dream” is no longer a common word combination in modern Chinese, but a core concept of the ideological system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, which has been given a new and profound meaning. The “Chinese Dream” has become a cultural symbol, which will be integrated into the development history of Chinese civilization and coexist with the ever-growing Chinese culture.
The Beginning of Chinese Cavalry and the Use of Horses in Northwest of Han Empire
Authors: Girchenko E. A.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the processes of the gradual introduction of cavalry troops based on the “barbarian model” into the Chinese army to counter the nomads near the northwestern borders of the empire. The author gives some examples from the written sources of the Zhanguo and Qin Dynasty periods, presenting the gradual transformation of the role of the horse rider as a separate combat unit, but also in combination with chariots. During the Han dynasty, the immediate threat from the Xiongnu by the borders and the need to secure trade routes to the West were the impetus for the reorganization of the army in general and the cavalry in particular. In order to study the peculiarities of horse use for transport needs and military operations in the north-west of the Western Han empire, besides the chronicles, documents of administrative and commercial content – bamboo slips with characters, hanjian, were being used. They were found in large numbers in border fortresses and can significantly supplement the information from the written sources of the Han period and make it possible to reconstruct not only the specifics of inner workings of the northwestern prefectures of China at the turn of the eras but also the peculiarities of horse use for the needs of postal service, patrols and the internal everyday life of garrisons.
The Pawsitive Effect of Therapy Dogs in a Hospital Emergency Department
Authors: Carey Ben , Dell Colleen , Pavelich Alexandria
Published: April 2023

Pain is the main reason people attend an emergency department. Our study examined the effect of a therapy dog visit on reducing patient pain in an ED. We found that pain improved after the dog visit compared to no change in control patients. Patient anxiety, depression, and well-being also improved. These findings help to establish the potential value of therapy dogs in an emergency setting.
Anti-epileptic Activity of Rosmarinus offi cinalis Extracts with Male Rats Experiment
Authors: Qaddo Akram N M , Mohammad Ghssan F , Sadullah Yaman Q , Al-Bajari Shihab A
Published: April 2023

Rosmarinus offi cialis L., Lamiaceae, has been used to treat a range of illnesses in Iraq for decades and is regarded as a desirable species due to its medicinal properties and antioxidant properties. Aim of study: The main aim of this study was to study more about how the R. offi cialis L plant may help to reduce the negative eff ects of epilepsy. Materials and methods: To estimate the alteration of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation. Fifty male rats were split into fi ve groups: control (no additions), FeCl3 group, and the rest of the groups were fed R. offi cialis L. components (fl avonoid, glycoside, and alkaloids). Results: β-asecretase, Na and K levels raised in FeCl3 and other R. offi cialis compounds groups while. In contrast to the FeCl3 group and FeCl3 groups containing R. offi cialis L. plant components reduced fucose, vit-C, and Zn levels. In compared to the control group, the activity of oxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation resulted in a signifi cant amount of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) in the FeCl3 group; however, R. offi cialis components increased the levels of MDA and SOD, whilst reducing GSH, and CAT. Conclusion: R. offi cinalis extraction components have an eff ects on -asecretase, fucose, and vit-C in male rats, in addition to antioxidant activity and may increase or decrease lipid peroxidation while also improving antioxidative enzymes significantly. The active components of the R. offi cinalis L. plant might be used as one of the next generation of anti-epileptic medications.
Synthesis, Characterization and Studying Biological Activity of Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Atiya Rana N , Razzaq Zahraa L , Yahya Widad I , Neamah Helen M
Published: April 2023

Heterocyclic moiety was mentioned to present diverse biological activities such as inhibitors of protein glycation, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antituberculosis, antioxidant, and as antiviral agents, in addition to other biological activities; therefore, many medicines containing heterocyclic moiety have been observed. Due to the pharmacological importance of heterocyclic derivatives, the present work comes as attempt to synthesis of heterocyclic compound involved (tetrazole and pyrazole rings) by series of steps starting from pyrimidin-2-amine, which reacted with 2-chloroacetyl chloride gave compound (1) [2-chloro-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) acetamide], then the refl ex reaction of the compound (1) with the hydrazine hydrate in ethanol led to compound (2) [2-hydrazinyl-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamide], the last one reacted with acetyl acetone to form pyrazole ring compound (3) [2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamide]. In other line another pyrazole derivative was prepared by diazotization of pyrimidin-2-amine with NaNO2/HCl to azo derivative compound (4), which is reacted with acetyl acetone gave compound (5) [3-(2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)hydrazono)pentane-2,4-dione] to react with hydrazine gave pyrazole moiety compound (6) [(2-((1H-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl)pyrimidine]. Pyrimidin-2-amine was reacted with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in ethanol and glacial acetic acid gave Schiff base compound (7) , which reacted with sodium azide in dioxane to form tetrazole ring compound (8) [4-(1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenol]. The spectroscopic techniques were used to confi rmed the chemical structures are FTIR, 1H-NMR. The biological study of pyrazole and tetrazole derivative was evaluated as anti-bacterial against gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae), gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis) and as anti-fungal against the Candida trichomonas and Candida dubliniensis in concentration 25, 75, 50, and 100 mg/mL. It was found that pyrazole and tetrazole derivative have biological activity against the bacteria and fungi where the tetrazole ring has biological eff ect more than pyrazole ring.
The Effi ciency of Purifi ed Pyocyanin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Disruption of Biofi lm Formation by Candida albicans Causing Oral Candidiasis
Authors: Al-Jassani Mohammad J , Al-lamy Noor A , Amir Ahmed A , Al-hussein Rouaida K. A.
Published: April 2023

Candida albicans is the most usually isolated species in invasive oral candidiasis, which is a major health concern in underdeveloped nations. So pyocyanin was screened in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and found that the highest level of productivity in King A medium appeared compared with cetrimide agar, also, the productivity was increased in presence of sweet potato in comparison with soya bean. The pyocyanin was purifi ed with silica gel chromatography as a single peak with high purity. C. albicans causing oral candidiasis is considered a stronger producer of biofi lms. The eff ect of pyocyanin on Candida biofi lm formation was inhibited with increasing incubation concentration and with increasing incubation period and the percentage of biofi lm inhibition reached 73–87% after 72 hours.
Electrochemistry Study of Few Ru(II) and Zn(II)-Thione and Selone Complexes
Authors: Abbas Mohammed A. , Reynolds Drew J , Brumaghim Julia L
Published: April 2023

Hydrogen peroxide, as a byproduct of cellular respiration through incomplete reduction of oxygen yields deleterious free radicals through the Fenton reaction with iron (II/III) and Cu(I/II). Metals, such as ruthenium and zinc, are also capable of like- Fenton reaction and the production of the hydroxide radical responsible for oxidative DNA damage. This damage manifests itself through single-strand breaks in the DNA backbone corresponding to mutation and apoptosis of cells. Thus, recent research has focused on preventing this reaction through organometallic antioxidative methods. Sulfur and selenium antioxidant compounds like dmit, dmise, and methimazole coordinate to iron and other Fenton-like metal centers. Based on the electrochemistry study, the result of cyclic voltammetry can predict whether or not these metals compounds generate hydroxyl radicals when they meet hydrogen peroxide in body by fi guring out their redox potentials. In this study, the electrochemical eff ects of these thione/selone ligands are determined through cyclic voltammetry with diff ering metal centers. Zinc complex redox activity was found to vary negligibly in changing solvent as well as scan speeds. In addition, ruthenium complexes from solvato complex precursors, their electrochemical peaks analyzed to prepare for reaction with hydrogen peroxide.
The Eff ect of Testosterone Gel for Patients with Poor Ovarian Response Prior to IVF Cycles: Is It really Eff ective?
Authors: Muhammed Eaman M , Al khafajy Zainab H , Rasool Huda A
Published: April 2023

Background: Classically, poor women respond with old maternal age and little ovarian standby. Though, some females unpredictably have little reply to measured ovarian stimulation. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the eff ectiveness of transdermal testosterone gel (TTG) before controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in poor responders undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods: An interventional prospective randomized control trial that included 60 females who were defi nite as unfortunate responders undergoing an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. The population was divided into two groups. Approximately 30 patients received 10 mg TTG that was applied daily for 21 days in the cycle preceding COS for ICSI Transdermal testosterone gel (TTG) pretreatment group, while the other 30 patients are the control group. All patients were assessed for their AFC again and to begin in-vitro futilization (IVF) treatment with the beginning of the menstrual cycle. Serum testosterone was measured again in the study group. The primary outcome is the number of retrieved oocytes while the secondary outcome is the number and quality of embryos transferred, chemical gestation rate. Results: No important diff erences in sociodemographic features between both groups compared. Also there was an increase in total number of oocytes in the study group but again, this diff erence was statically non-signifi cant. Although the total dose of gonadotrophin (GT) and the duration of stimulation days were less in study group but this was statically non-signifi cant. No diff erences experiential regarding number and grading of embryos, chemical pregnancy rate nor clinical pregnancy rate. Conclusion: Pretreatment of transdermal testosterone at a dose of 10 mg/day for 21 days not upsurge the number of oocyte retrieved nor the number of embryos or pregnancy rate to a signifi cant level in poor responders undergoing ICSI
Preparation, Characterization, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Studies of New Metal (II) Complexes with Schiff Base for 3-amino-1-phenyl-2- pyrazoline-5-one
Authors: Abdalsahib Nazar M , Karem Lekaa K A
Published: April 2023

A new ligand complexes have been synthesis from reaction of metal ions of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Pd(II) and Pt(II) with schiff base LH. 5-[(2-Hydroxy-naphthalen-1-ylmethylene)-amino]-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, this ligand was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-vis, 1H, 13CNMR, and mass spectra. All complexes were characterized by techniques micro analysis C.H.N, UV-vis and FTIR spectral studies, atomic absorption, chloride content, molar conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility. The ligand acts as bidentate, coordination through nitrogen atom from azomethin group and deprotonated phenolic oxygen atom. The spectroscopic and analytical measurements showed that the geometric shape of the prepared complexes is octahedral, while the square planar of the palladium and platinum complexes. The ligand and its complexes were having been screened for their antimicrobial activities and antioxidant
Osmotic Release Oral Tablet Formulation, Development, and Evaluation of an Anti-epileptic Drug
Authors: Ahmad Sufi yan , Shaikh Tanvirahmad J , Patil Jayesh , Meher Abhishek , Chumbhale Deshraj , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2023

Eff orts were attempted to create a bioequivalent Osmatic release tablet formulation of carbamazepine, with a drug release profi le comparable to that of the innovator product. Tablets were formulated using the wet granulation technique based on literature data and the innovative product’s characterization. It was discovered that the pioneer tablet had a fi lm coating. After reviewing the existing literature and patents, it was determined to use a non-infringing approach and create a fi lm-coated tablet with an equivalent bioavailability and dissolution profi le. Based of justifi cation, the optimized formulation has an F9 value of 90, which is excellent. The intention was to keep the same composition and only increase the size. Trial formulation 9’s formula and procedure fulfi lled the specifi ed physicochemical properties and dissolution profi le, which is equivalent to the reference product in various media, based on the results of several laboratory trials and evaluations. The extended-release was achieved by combining the rate-controlling polymer Natrosol 250L/Natrosol 250 H, a pH-dependent polymer, and Hypromellose. Compared to the innovator sample, the extended-release tablets were found to comply with the USP specifi cation. Stability tests on the optimised batch showed no major deviations, which is a positive result.
The Potential Protective Eff ects of Pirfenidone on Diclofenac Sodium Induced Gastric Ulcer in a Rat Model
Authors: Abdelfatah Russul , Al-Qadh Huda I
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are widely prescribed in clinical practice because of their ability to reduce pain, fever, and infl ammation. However, NSAID-induced gastric mucosal damage is the major side eff ect of these medications. This study aims to reduce gastric mucosal lesions caused by NSAIDs by using pirfenidone by investigating their eff ect on histological, gastric gross mucosal damage. Method: 30 healthy male albino rats were divided into 3 groups each of ten (N=10). A single oral dose of diclofenac sodium (150 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce ulceration for all groups except fi rst. The vehicle (tween 80+NS) was given to the fi rst group, while diclofenac sodium was given to the second group and to all pre-treated groups. The third group were pre-treated with pirfenidone (300 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, histological examination, and antioxidant and antiinfl ammatory parameters by immunohistochemistry method were evaluated. Results: Diclofenac sodium at a dose (150 mg/kg) produces a signifi cant increment (p > 0.01) in gastric damage score, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase, malonaldehyde, and the ulcer formation percent, compared to the healthy rat’s group. Pirfenidone at a dose of (300 mg/kg) pretreatment in diclofenac induced-ulcer in rats produces a signifi cant reduction (p > 0.01) in gastric damage score, the expression of TNF-alpha, myeloperoxidase, the expression of TNF-alpha, myeloperoxidase, malonaldehyde, and in the ulcer formation percent, yet, less eff ectively than omeprazole and pirfenidone. Conclusion: Diclofenac can be reduced or prevented by the pretreatment of pirfenidone. Pirfenidone showed similar results to the standard treatment (Omeprazole), the protective eff ect of pirfenidone was mainly through their antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory activity by reducing oxidation markers like MPO and MDA, and also reducing infl ammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha
Causes and Treatment of Hematuria in Newborns
Authors: Abbas Ghanim A , Kazaal Meraim A
Published: April 2023

Background: Hematuria is one of the cases that has started to increase in newborns, but studies on the causes and treatment of this condition are very limited, especially in Iraq. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the prevalence of this condition and monitor its causes and appropriate treatment. Methods: The current study includes the collection of questionnaires and medical examinations from 35 newborns (ages between 2 hours to 2.5 months) suff ering from hematuria for various reasons. Samples were collected during the period from 2/1/2021 to 28/3/2021, and information and examinations for each diseased case were collected. Results: The results of the study showed that most of the newborns had gross hematuria (91%) compared to microhematuria (9%), especially males and that the main causes of hematuria in newborns were due to bacterial septicemia (37%) and urinary tract infections (32%), congenital malformations (14%), and renal artery thrombosis (11%). The results also showed that most of the children who suff er from hematuria whose mothers suff er from health problems during pregnancy, the most important of which are anemia (31.4%), urinary tract infection (UTI) (14.2%) and gestational diabetes (14.2%). The results of this study also showed that the treatment of hematuria depends on the diagnosis of the pathogen, and the CT scan was a basic examination for all cases, in addition to that, the microscopic examination and the culture of urine were also used. Antibiotics and surgeries were the appropriate treatment in most cases of hematuria. In conclusion, blood in urine is a pathological condition that needs diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible to avoid complications or disorders that may threaten the newborn’s life.
Knowledge of The HILIC Retention Behaviors of Two Quinolone Antibiotics on Sulfobetaine-Type Zwitterionic Stationary Phases
Authors: Al-Aphalahy Bashaer A , Qassim Ameen W , Karabat Raad R
Published: April 2023

Fluoroquinolones treat infections of the urinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin, bone, and joint systems. This article describes the development of the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (ZIC-HILIC) method to determine norfl oxacin and ofl oxacin retention characteristics. Separation of all analytes was accomplished using ZIC-HILIC1 and ZIC-HILIC4 columns. The mobile phase was 40 mM sodium acetate water solution in acetonitrile pumped at a 0.7 mL/min fl ow rate. The infl uence of acetonitrile concentration, the presence of salt in the mobile phase, and pH on the retention of norfl oxacin and ofl oxacin in the HILIC mode were investigated in this study. When using ZIC-HILIC columns, it was discovered that the retention factors of the analytes were inversely proportional to the amount of water present in the mobile phase, which is representative of a conventional hydrophilic partitioning mechanism. The ZIC-HILIC based strategies described in this article represent a signifi cant step toward more sensitive drug analysis. We observed that zwitterionic materials could govern the separation of materials, as shown by the infl uence of the chain length between the zwitterion groups, which contributed to the explanation of the variation in the retention period of the materials to be separated.
Phyto-therapeutic Potential of Aerial Part of Sida rhombifolia for Anti- Infl ammatory, Antinociceptive, and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Kumar Amit . , Mishra P. Ganesh , ATomar S. Dimple , Pathak Manish , Pandey K.Rupesh , Singh Lubhan
Published: April 2023

Background: To investigate the potential of anti-infl ammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activity of diff erent extracts of Sida rhombifolia. Materials and Methods: The successive extraction of dried aerial parts of S. rhombifolia was performed with the help of the soxhlet apparatus by pet. ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and water were used as a solvent. Anti-infl ammatory activity was performed using the carrageenin-induced edema model in the rat paw method. Antinociceptive activity was performed using the mouse writhing and hot plate tests. Antioxidant activity was determined through the ability of hydrogen peroxide scavenging. Result: The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg.) oral showed maximum anti-infl ammatory activity 51.42 (maximum, %inhibition) after 2 hours. The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg.) oral showed maximum % inhibition of writhing 57.74 for writhing test and 2.15 ± 0.02 time (sec) of jumping for hot plate test. The ethanolic extract of the drug showed high scavenging (59.25%) of hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion: On successive extraction process of aerial parts of S. rhombifolia reported that diff erent ethanolic extracts are more eff ective as anti-infl ammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activity, respectively.
Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Estimation of Palladium Content in Tapentadol Hydrochloride by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer
Authors: Krishna Gaddey P , Sundararajan Raja
Published: April 2023

A validated method for determining the palladium concentration in tapentadol hydrchloride was devised using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) with a 0.7 nm slit width and a high speed deuterium lamp (D2). The integration time was set at 5.0 seconds with a wavelength of 247.6 nm. The system performance characteristics were used to evaluate the system performance. The limits of quantifi cation and detection were determined to be 0.30 and 0.10 mg/l, respectively. The percentage recovery for LoQ level, 50, 100 and 150% levels of spiked concentrations of palladium in tapentadol hydrochloride were found to be 100.09, 100.13, 100.11 and 99.78%, respectively. This article discusses the status of trace elements and heavy metals in bulk pharmaceuticals, as well as AAS method which is convenient and simple that may be used for quality control and standardization of bulk drugs and other related items at the industrial level
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for an Estimation of Empaglifl ozin from Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Avinash Chavan , R Gandhimathi
Published: April 2023

The objective of a recent investigation was to develop an RP-HPLC technique for assessing empaglifl ozin in both bulks and pharmaceutical dosage forms. An Agilent Eclipse XDE C-18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 m particle size) column for separation, a mobile phase of 0.1 M TEA pH 5.5 corrected by methanol and OPA in a proportion of 4:96 percent v/v at a fl ow rate of 0.7 mL/minwas utilized towards achieving the desired peak resolution. Diagonal array detectors (DADs) are utilized to measure the eluent at a wavelength of 270 nm. The regression equations for empaglifl ozin in bulk were y = 58.924x-5.693 and the regression equations for empaglifl ozin in tablet dosage form were y=57.927x+5.027. The calibration curve shows that the peak size was proportionate toward the concentration. In the precision study, the % of the amount was found in the 100 to 101% range. In %accuracy, %RSD was found to be 99.18 to 99.84 for empaglifl ozin in bulk and 99.29 to 99.53 for empaglifl ozin in the tablet dosage form. The limit of detection (LoD) for empaglifl ozin was determined to be 0.309143 μg/mL, while the limit of quantitation (LoQ) was determined in the direction of 0.936798 μg/mL. Based on the fi ndings of the robustness experiments, it was determined that the method’s accuracy and specifi city remain within acceptable ranges when subjected to minor adjustments to fl ow rate, wavelength, and mobile phase. The established technique was suitable for use in quality control labs to determine the quantity of empaglifl ozin present in bulk and tablet formulation
Evaluation of the fundus blood flow in the early postoperative period after femtolaser lenticular CLEAR technology correction of myopia using OCT-angio
Authors:   Gazprom Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Antonuk V.D. , Kuznetsova T.S. ,   Gazprom Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuranova O.I. ,   Gazprom Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shchukin S.Y. ,   Gazprom Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate state of the blood flow parameters of the macular region, the optic nerve disc, and the state of the premacular bag after the formation of the corneal lenticle during the correction of myopia using CLEAR technology. Material and methods. From December 2021 to February 2022, 25 patients (44 eyes) aged 18 to 39 years (31.88±1.15, M±m) with myopia (–4.08±0.19, M±m) and myopic astigmatism (–0.47±0.04, M±m), who underwent femtolaser lenticular vision correction using CLEAR technology. As additional examination methods, all patients underwent optical coherence tomography on the Nidek RS-3000 Advance AngioScan device (NIDEK, Japan) in order to evaluate the following parameters: vascular network density and blood flow index in the macular region of the retina and optic disc before surgery and 1 day after the CLEAR correction, as well as to determine the size of the premacular bag before surgery and 1 day later. Results. In patients after performing vision correction using CLEAR technology, there are no statistically significant changes in the vascular network density and blood flow index in the macular region of the retina and in the optic disc, as well as the size of the premacular bag 1 day after surgery. Conclusion. With femtolaser lenticular correction of myopia, a longer vacuum effect on the eye is provided at the stage of corneal lenticular formation. However, this does not affect the condition of the blood flow of the posterior segment of the eye in the first day after surgery. Key words: femtolaser correction, lenticula, myopia, vacuum exposure, vascular network density, blood flow index, macular area of the retina, Optical Nerv, premacular bag
Safety and efficacy of Tobramycin 0.3% + Fluormetholone 0.1% (eye drops) fixed combination as a preoperative preparation and postoperative management of patients with wet AMD after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. An observational, noncomparative single-center study
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Fokin V.P. , Balalin S.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Ushakova L.I. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd Branch, Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate safety and efficacy of Floas-T ® (Tobramycin 0.3% + Fluormetholone 0.1%) as a preoperative preparation and postoperative management of patients with wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) before and after intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-VEGF drugs. Material and methods. 50 patients (50 eyes) with the wet form of AMD were examined and divided into two groups. The first group included 32 patients (32 eyes) with wet form of AMD. The second group consisted of 18 patients (18 eyes) with primary (11 eyes) and advanced (7 eyes) stages of primary open angle glaucoma with normalized IOP and wet form of AMD. Results. There were no significant changes in ВСVA and tonometric IOP values in the two groups before and within 7 days after IVI of ranibizumab and Floas-T ® instillations. Average value of individually tolerable true IOP in patients of the second group was 16,3±1,1 mm Hg, while average value of initial true IOP (14,7±2,56 mm Hg) pre-op was lower than tolerable pressure, indicating that individual norm of ophthalmotonus in glaucoma patients was reached. The difference between the mean values of ocular hydrodynamics in both groups before and 1 week after surgery was also statistically unsignificant (p>0.05). The difference between the mean values of the Schirmer I test was statistically unsignificant in patients in the two groups (p>0.05) before and after surgery, indicating the absence of Floas-T ® effect on tear production. There were no local and systemic side effects of Floas-T ® in 50 patients (50 eyes) during the observation period. Conclusion. Floas-T ® had an antiinflammatory effect without a decrease in the aqueous humor outflow, did not cause a significant increase in IOP in the early postoperative period, did not decrease tear production, and did not cause adverse local and systemic side effects. Floas-T ® can be used as a preoperative preparation and postoperative management drug in patients with wet type of AMD as well as in combination with primary open angle glaucoma when achieving an individual level of intraocular pressure. Key words: wet AMD, preoperative preparation, postoperative management, Floas-T® drug
Glaucoma of the pseudophakic eye
Authors:   Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital № 1, Novokuznetsk, Russian Federation, Isakov I.N. , Karimov U.R. ,   Region Ophthalmology Hospital, Gulistan, Uzbekistan, Seleznev A.V. ,   State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Kuroyedov A.V. ,   Mandryka Central Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov State National Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Brezhnev A.Y. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Currently, there is a steady increase in the age-associated eye diseases worldwide. First of all, this applies to such ocular diseases as age-related maculodegeneration (AMD), glaucoma and cataracts. Despite the development and standardization of surgical techniques, the widespread introduction of cataract phacoemulsification, appearance of many modifications of anti-glaucomatous surgery, and the active use of angiogenesis inhibitors used to treat AMD, these diseases continue to occupy a leading position in the causes of low vision and blindness. Purpose. To reveal the problem of the development of pseudophakic glaucoma in patients who underwent surgical treatment for cataracts. Material and methods.To complete this review, we searched for literature sources on the PubMed and Scopus abstract databases for the period up to 2021 inclusive. In total, 53 articles related to the topic of the review were selected. The beginning of publications on this topic dates back to 1963. Results. At risk are patients with pseudoexfoliative syndrome, high-grade myopia, traumatic, diabetic and uveal cataracts. Pseudophakic glaucoma can also be caused by intraoperative (iris damage, vitreous prolapse, implantation of an intraocular lens outside the capsular bag, incomplete viscoelastic washout) and postoperative complications (inflammatory process, hyphema, dislocation of the artificial lens, pupillary block or Ellingson syndrome). Conclusion. Pseudophakic glaucoma, although rare, is quite formidable, which can reduce result of cataract surgery. Key words: pseudophakic glaucoma, glaucoma, cataract, ophthalmohypertension, complications of phacoemulsification
The role of the ocular surface diseases in the pathogenesis of cataract surgery complications
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mushkova I.A. , Sobolev N.P. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bichenova I.T. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the possible role of the eye surface in the occurrence of residual ametropia and other complications after cataract surgery analyzing scientific ophthalmological data on this topic for the last five years. Material and methods. Analysis of domestic and foreign scientific ophthalmological literature over the past ten years. Results. There is a paradigm shift in the understanding of DES from a simple deficit of tear film to a chronic disease of the eye surface, followed by a complex of changes in all its structures. Conclusion. DES is an optical impairment and measurement of refractive parameters in patients with DES who will undergo cataract surgery is impossible. This leads to refractive errors in IOL power calculations and requires further keratorefractive operations to obtain high visual functions Key words: refractive errors, ametropia, ocular surface, dry eye syndrome
Modern approaches to cataract surgery based on wavefront analysis
Authors:   Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Titarenko E.M. , Shilovskikh O.V. ,   Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, IIvanov D.I. ,   Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Ulyanov A.N. ,   Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Cataract is the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Even in the early stages of cataract development, when the maximum visual acuity often remains high, patients complain of a decrease in image quality (light scattering, diplopia), which is expressed in the difficulty of performing daily and professional activities. The cause of this condition in most cases is internal aberrations of a higher order. One of the topical issues of modern ophthalmology is the definition of indications for surgery of primary cataracts with high visual acuity. Purpose. The purpose of this literature review was to describe the current state of the problem of wavefront changes in patients with various types of initial lens opacity. Material and methods. A systematic analysis of scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors on the resources PubMed, Medline from 2000 to 2022, devoted to the currently existing methods for assessing the quality of vision of patients with initial opacification of the lens, was carried out. Results. Our literature review showed the great importance of assessing wavefront aberrations in patients with initial cataracts and high visual acuity. With the advent of modern diagnostic systems – aberrometers with the possibility of an isolated assessment of internal aberrations, doctors have the opportunity to interpret data on the effect of lens changes on the quality of vision. Conclusion. Visual acuity in patients with initial cataract is not a unique evaluation criterion for determining the timing of surgical intervention. Analysis of wavefront aberrations to a greater extent describe visual impairments and can be used as objective criteria for prescribing surgical treatment. The study of aberrations of the human eye makes it possible to give an objective and quantitative assessment of the optical functions of the eye, which expands the possibilities for diagnosis and for the formation of surgical approaches for initial lens opacities in patients with high visual acuity. Key words: higher-order wavefront aberrations, cataract
Entresijo del concubinato coexistente con el matrimonio en México
Authors: Espinosa Valadez Ana Cristina
Published: April 2023

A raíz de las reformas constitucionales en México, se han derivado novedosos criterios de protección a los derechos adquiridos en relaciones extramaritales, en un plano de igualdad y no discriminación, con la intención de que las concubinas dejen de ser estigmatizadas por la ley y por la sociedad. Se reconoce la carencia de regulación para la distribución de los bienes del matrimonio con el concubinato, forma y distribución de las posibles pensiones alimenticias, entre esposa, concubina, hijos, bienes de la sucesión, ausencia de régimen patrimonial, compensación económica, pensiones compensatorias y los derechos laborales. Esto nos lleva a un entresijo de la justicia: proteger estos derechos sin conculcar los de otra persona, máxime que está tipificada como delito la conducta de bigamia. Se identifica una violación de derechos de la mujer casada en matrimonio, en contra de las recomendaciones de la CEDAW que prohíbe la bigamia o poligamia como violencia psicológica y económica en contra de la mujer derivando en una serie de daños. Respecto a las personas juzgadoras, en ausencia de legislación y en protección a los derechos humanos, es necesario dictar resoluciones con perspectiva de género y tutela judicial efectiva, con escrutinio estricto para que las parejas de hecho y unidas en matrimonio, accedan a derechos fundamentales de manera objetiva, razonable y proporcional evitando lesiones a su dignidad humana.
THE TEACHERS’ EFFICACY IN DESIGNING LESSON PLAN FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL AND THE TEACHERS’ BACKGROUNDS
Authors: Elvisa Martina , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin , Sada Clary
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate how well is the teachers’ efficacy in designing simplified lesson plan for primary school, the relationship between teachers’ efficacy in designing lesson plan and teachers’ backgrounds and to find out what background that perform an efficacious result in designing simplified lesson plan for primary school. The participants of this research were teachers of English subject in private schools of Pontianak city, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia. There were twenty teachers according to the data gathered from Institution of Educational Quality Assurance, LPMP (Lembaga Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan) Pontianak City for academic year 2020/2021. It consisted of sixteen (16) female teachers and four (4) male teachers. The qualitative data collected in form of teachers’ lesson plan which were analysed and identified. The result discovered that the teachers have an “average to good” efficacy in designing lesson plan. It was also dicoverd there was relationship between teachers’ efficacy and teachers’ background. Those twenty lesson plans identifed that certified teachers performed an excellent efficacy in designing lesson plans. The teachers who graduated from English teacher training program bachelor also showed good efficacy in designing lesson plan. Therefore male teachers performed good efficacy too in designing lesson plan. The result answered the research questions that there was relationship between teachers’ efficacy in designing lesson plan and teachers’ backgrounds. The teachers’ backgrounds such as certified teachers, teachers who graduated from English teacher training program and male teachers, they performed an efficacious result in designing simplified lesson plan.
PERELEK CULTURE: A SHARING EFFORT IN KUTA VILLAGE
Authors: Widiyanti Sopi Aprilia , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: April 2023

Perelek is one of the residents' efforts to show their existence by preserving this culture in social life in society. The method used is Literature Study; in collecting research data, the authors collect and analyze various sources through journals, books, and previous research, which are still related to the topic of discussion in this journal article. The results of this study indicate that the Kuta Indigenous Village Community still preserves the Beas Perelek by collecting one spoon of rice per day from each resident, who is collectively by the wife of the head of the local RT. This "perelek" also represents the generous side of every individual in that environment. On the other hand, this "perelek" shows the side of togetherness and solidarity among the people. The main goal with the existence of Perelek is to increase community participation in social responsibility and concern that needs to be included amid today's developments. Therefore, the existence and resilience of the perelek culture that still exists in the Kuta Traditional Village is a particular form of inter-community concern. The principles held by the local community have enabled this "perelek" culture to survive even amid the development of the globalization era.
THE CONCEPT OF INTERFAITH MARRIAGE: ISLAM-CATHOLICISM AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MORAL EDUCATIONS OF CHILDREN
Authors: Emanuel Fransiskus , Kwirinus Dismas , Yuniarto Petrus
Published: April 2023

The focus of this study is to provide an explanation of marriage in Islam and Catholicism and its implications for children's moral education. Interfaith marriages often raise pros and cons in society. Those who disagree think that interfaith marriage violates the rules, so it must be avoided. Meanwhile, for those who agree, consider interfaith marriage as a great gift that must be accepted and lived. In the view of Islam and Catholicism, interfaith marriages are actually permissible and of course follow the rules or provisions of each religion. This theme becomes an interesting topic of discussion in this research. The methods used in this research are the descriptive method and a critical reading of the text. This research does not intend to differentiate between Islamic and Catholic marriages but instead seeks to present Islamic and Catholic views on the concept of interfaith marriage and examine the implications of moral education for children in these two major religions. Islam and Catholicism realize that children are a gift, so they should be formed, educated, and fostered. Parents are primarily responsible for the moral education of their children because from them children learn about life.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SYMBOLIC MEANING ON TIJAK TANAH TRADITION IN MALAY SOCIETY
Authors: Selvianingsih Selvianingsih , Bahari Yohanes , Ismiyani Nining , Le Minh Tan
Published: April 2023

This study aims to describe the symbolic meanings that exist in the Tijak Tanah tradition and the procession of the Tijak Tanah tradition in the Malay community in Sungai Nanjung Village, Ketapang Regency. The data sources for this research are the elders in Sungai Nanjung Village, people who usually recite Al-Barzanji, traditional leaders, two communities who have carried out the Tijak Tanah tradition and village staff in Sungai Nanjung Village. Retechniques used for the data collection were interview, observation and documentation methods. The results of the research showed that in the Tijak Tanah tradition the symbols used had meanings such as the sugar cane house symbol which has a meaning as a substitute for baby's feet and hands, but has a meaning to attach illness, coconut water and scissors mean that children are not weak in spirit, 12 eggs mean the spirit of a baby paid for with money, beads mean a form of beauty, and scattered rice means gratitude. The procession for the Tijak Tanah tradition is divided into 3 processes, namely the initial, core and final processes. The initial process is to prepare everything needed for the event, The main process is the top event when the baby is cut into his hair so that his feet are planted on the ground. The final process is reading prayers and eating together.
2,3-Diarylmaleate salts as a versatile class of diarylethenes with a full spectrum of photoactivity in water
Authors: Bolotova Iumzhana , Ustyuzhanin Alexander , Sergeeva Ekaterina , Faizdrakhmanova Anna , Hai Yu , Stepanov Andrey , Ushakov Igor , Lyssenko Konstantin , You Lei , Lvov Andrey
Published: April 2023

There is an incessant interest in transfer of common chemical processes from organic solvents to water, which is vital for the development of bioinspired and green chemical technologies. Diarylethenes feature a rich photochemistry, including both irreversible and reversible reactions that are in demand in organic synthesis, materials chemistry, and photopharmacology. Herein, we introduce the first versatile class of diarylethenes, namely, potassium 2,3-diarylmaleates (DAMs), that show excellent solubility in water. DAMs obtained from highly available precursors feature a full spectrum of photoactivity in water and undergo irreversible reactions (oxidative cyclization to phenanthrenes or rearrangement) or reversible photocyclization (switching), depending on their structure. This finding paves a way towards wider application of DAEs in photopharmacology and bioinspired technologies that require aqueous media for photochemical reactions.
Building Block-Based Binding Predictions for DNA-Encoded Libraries
Authors: Zhang Chris , Pitman Mary , Dixit Anjali , Leelananda Sumudu , Palacci Henri , Lawler Meghan , Belyanskaya Svetlana , Grady LaShadric , Franklin Joe , Tilmans Nicolas , Mobley David
Published: April 2023

DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) provide the means to make and screen millions of diverse compounds against a target of interest in a single experiment. However, despite producing large volumes of binding data at a relatively low cost, the DEL selection process is susceptible to noise, necessitating computational follow-up to increase signal-to-noise ratios. In this work, we present a set of informatics tools to analyze DEL selection data so that subsequent DEL screens probe productive regions of chemical space. Our approach segments DEL data at the individual building block level to identify productive building blocks in a library. We show how similar building blocks have a similar probability of binding, which we then employ to predict the behavior of untested building blocks. Lastly, we build a model from the inference that the combined behavior of individual building blocks is predictive of the activity of an overall compound. We report a performance of more than an order of magnitude greater than random guessing on a holdout set, demonstrating that our model can serve as a baseline for comparison against other machine learning models on DEL data.