bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anyagcsere- és tárolási májbetegségek gyermekkorban
Authors: Dezsőfi-Gottl Antal
Published: October 2024

A lizoszómák olyan intracelluláris sejtalkotók, amelyek kulcsszerepet töltenek be a sejtek homeosztázisában és újrahasznosítási folyamataiban. A lizoszomális tárolási betegségek (LSD) közé több mint 50 kórkép tartozik, ezek együttes, vélt prevalenciája 1:8000. A patomechanizmus alapja az egyes komplex molekulák (pl. szfingolipid, mukopoliszacharid) károsodott lebontása vagy szállítása egy adott enzimdefektus következtében. Ennek következtében az intermedier anyagcseretermékek felszaporodnak, és károsítják a normális sejtműködést. Ezek a folyamatok gyakran progresszívek és multiszisztémásak, azaz több szervet is érintenek, de az érintettség mértéke igencsak különböző lehet. A muszkuloszkeletális érintettség következtében izomhipotónia, csontrendszeri eltérések, cardiomyopathia alakulhat ki. A reticuloendothelialis rendszer érintettsége esetén hepatosplenomegalia és csontvelői működészavar jelentkezhet. A legsúlyosabb tüneteket az idegrendszer érintettsége esetén láthatjuk. A legtípusosabb tünet a hepatomegalia, amelyet gyakran splenomegalia is kísér. A leggyakoribb LSD, amely májműködési zavarral társul, a Gaucher-kór, a Niemann–Pick (NP) A, B és C típusa, a Pompe-kór, valamint a lizoszomális savas lipázhiány, amelyeket részletesen tárgyalunk. A tárolási betegségek közül az alfa-1 antitripszinhiányt és a Wilson-kórt beszéljük meg.
Golpe-Contragolpe
Authors: Lombardo Carla
Published: October 2024

A partir de la idea de Eduardo Galeano, de que el subsuelo también produce golpes de estado y guerras, este ensayo hace visible en piedra la historia de Chile. La presencia de ciertos minerales, como el oro, la plata, el cobre y el salitre, determinaron desde el siglo XVI coreografías de necropoder.
NO BURACO, COM LYGIA PAPE
Authors: Proenca Luiza , Farias Sommer Michelle
Published: October 2024

Dividido em seções temporais, o artigo busca colocar em prática a pedagogia das Aranhadas proposta por Lygia Pape, nos anos 1970, como heurística para pensar a composição cultural brasileira diante da crise da arte provocada pelo capitalismo. Junto com o tecer das aranhadas, o artigo recupera a cena de um trabalho não realizado pela artista na qual ela se projeta escavando um buraco para procurar "as raízes brasileiras". A partir desse duplo imaginário, entre teias e escavações subterrâneas, o texto indaga: em quais terrenos e contexto histórico as preocupações estéticas-políticas de Pape estavam assentadas e que perspectivas lançadas pela artista poderiam ser trazidas como aprendizados para abordar as crises do século 21? Nesse exercício especulativo, inconcluso e em constante abertura, aponta-se para a urgência da continuidade e ampliação de práticas que atuem a partir de forças vitais e em consonância à proliferação de perspectivas plurais.
EM VÃO, O GALO AVISA QUE É DIA: A ABOLIÇÃO DO TRABALHO E A CARREIRA DO ARTISTA
Authors: Andrada Pedro
Published: October 2024

O trabalho não expressa apenas uma relação de dominação concreta, baseada na exploração dos trabalhadores e na extração de valor. O trabalho é igualmente uma forma de dominação abstrata, capaz de moldar subjetividades e crenças. Em um primeiro momento, o artigo almeja localizar conceitualmente dois tipos de posicionamento crítico diante da recusa ao trabalho. De um lado, certas correntes que buscam salvar e reformar o trabalho e, de outro, aquelas que desejam a abolição completa da forma-trabalho. Em seguida, atenta-se para algumas expressões da dominação abstrata do trabalho, como ela condicionaria, especificamente, a construção de sujeitos e as percepções do tempo, desejo e progresso. Finalmente, o texto encerra com algumas particulares considerações a respeito da profissão do artista e como o imperativo ontológico do trabalho afetaria diretamente a própria prática artística no contexto neoliberal mais recente.
Aura Latente: Aura Dissidente (Arte y Política)
Authors: Escobar Ticio
Published: October 2024

El libro Aura Latente, de Ticio Escobar, está compuesto por cuatro ensayos que, aunque independientes, se conectan entre sí por tres temas que les son comunes: la crítica a la construcción de la idea de “aura”, base del pensamiento estético occidental; la noción de “latencia”, vinculada al reconocimiento o no de determinadas producciones por parte de instituciones y agentes del sistema del arte, dando sentido y consagración a algunas producciones en detrimento de otras, como las indígenas; y las relaciones entre arte y política, entendiendo el arte político en el cuestionamiento de los regímenes de representación estética y sus institucionalidades, buscando la construcción de posibilidades y prácticas artísticas contrahegemónicas. Si bien la traducción aquí publicada es sólo la primera parte del ensayo “Aura disidente (arte y política)”, esperamos que pueda contribuir a la circulación del pensamiento de Escobar y las reflexiones que lo impregnan.
PARA ALÉM DA TRADIÇÃO: SINCRETISMO, GÊNERO E ARTE POPULAR NO MÉXICO
Authors: Bartra Eli
Published: October 2024

Resumen: Este texto fue publicado en español en la revista Estudios Interdisciplinarios América Latina y el Caribe en 1998. La versión en portugués fue revisada por la autora. Eli Bartra aborda los sincretismos entre el arte elitista y el arte popular y describe los procesos de reelaboración y actualización realizados por artistas populares de "modelos" de la "alta" cultura. Para ello se presentan tres experiencias; la primera es la reproducción de los cuadros de Frida Kahlo en figuras de barro elaboradas por Josefina Aguilar Alcántara de Ocotlán de Morelos, Oaxaca. La segunda describe los sarapes de Teotitlán de Valle que reproducen obras o elementos presents en pinturas de Picasso, Miró, Kandinsky, Vasarely, Matisse, Escher y Diego Rivera. La tercera, analiza las figuras de barro policromado creadas por mujers de la comunidad de Ocumicho, en el estado de Michoacán, que son representaciones de eventos históricos de obras mexicanas o europeas del siglo XVI al XX. A partir de esos casos la autora articula cómo las divisiones sociales de género influyen en las prácticas de esos sujetos y colectivos además de reflexionar de qué manera las reelaboraciones se mezclan con los modos de vida y las técnicas de trabajo habituales de las comunidades en donde los flujos entre arte culto y arte popular se cruzan.
¿CUÁL ES LA HERENCIA MEXICANA DEL ARTE DE IZQUIERDA?
Authors: De la Rosa Natalia , Bojórquez Alf
Published: October 2024

Este artículo formó parte inicialmente de un fanzine autopublicado que formó parte de la exposición Nostalgia de izquierda. Fisuras a un loop político-estético para la Galería Saenger de la Ciudad de México (2023). En esta exhibición también participaron el colectivo Depois do fim da arte (Brasil), Tatyana Zambrano (Colombia) y Arhat Alejandro (México). La exposición analizó los cruces entre arte y política en América Latina. Remitió a la nostalgia con el fin de enfatizar la condición de la subjetividad frente a la producción cultural reciente, y así problematizó sobre las repeticiones absurdas y trágicas constantes en nuestra historia (como en el arte), que parecen atestiguar que no existe alguna alternativa futura y nos producen tal sentimiento. La exposición fue una invitación al debate desde la curaduría y por ello propusimos una intervención crítica para tal propósito, a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuál es la herencia mexicana del arte de izquierda?. Estuvo compuesto por tres partes: un fanzine, una serie de carteles y unas tarjetas con 10 preguntas. Fue producido colectivamente, es decir, propone un cruce de manos, disciplinas y especialidades. Este texto realiza un recorrido por tres momentos de la historia mexicana: el período de 1910-1940, la etapa de 1970 a 1990, para llegar a la actualidad. El texto presenta un breve apunte sobre la cultura de izquierda desarrollada en el contexto nacional al marcar líneas y genealogías, con el objetivo de preguntarse sobre el presente –continuaciones, desviaciones, apropiaciones, renovaciones– de esta herencia. En él se reflexiona cuáles son los límites del arte anticapitalista, qué hacer con la pulsión latente del fascismo de una aristocracia de izquierda que ha prevalecido durante un siglo. A través de estos materiales retomamos la propia tradición organizativa, técnica, material y pedagógica del mismo objeto de estudio, al tiempo que abordamos la relación del arte y la una literatura que luchan contra el capitalismo para terminar con un juego de preguntas que invitan al diálogo.
A modified A* algorithm combining remote sensing technique to collect representative samples from unmanned surface vehicles
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Danping , Wang Jun
Published: October 2024

Ensuring representativeness of collected samples is the most critical requirement of water sampling. Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) have been widely adopted in water sampling, but current USV sampling path planning tend to overemphasize path optimization, neglecting the representative samples collection. This study proposed a modified A* algorithm that combined remote sensing technique while considering both path length and the representativeness of collected samples. Water quality parameters were initially retrieved using satellite remote sensing imagery and a deep belief network model, with the parameter value incorporated as coefficient Q in the heuristic function of A* algorithm. The adjustment coefficient k was then introduced into the coefficient Q to optimize the trade-off between sampling representativeness and path length. To evaluate the effectiveness of this algorithm, Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) was employed as the test parameter, with Chaohu Lake as the study area. Results showed that the algorithm was effective in collecting more representative samples in real-world conditions. As the coefficient k increased, the representativeness of collected samples enhanced, indicated by the Chl-a closely approximating the overall mean Chl-a and exhibiting a gradient distribution. This enhancement was also associated with increased path length. This study is significant in USV water sampling and water environment protection.
Solitude and serotonin: juvenile isolation alters the covariation between social behavior and cFos expression by serotonergic neurons
Authors: Hutchens Sarah E. D. , Khurram Izza , Hurley Laura M.
Published: October 2024

Variation in the mutual responsiveness of social partners to each other can be reflected in behavioral suites that covary with neural activity in ways that track the salience or valence of interactions. Juvenile social isolation alters social behavior and neural activity during social interaction, but whether and how it alters the covariation between behavior and neural activity has not been as well explored. To address this issue, four classes of experimental subjects: isolated males, socially housed males, isolated females, and socially housed females, were paired with an opposite-sex social partner that had been socially housed. Social behaviors and c-Fos expression in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) were then measured in subjects following the social interactions. Relative to social housing, postweaning isolation led to a decrease in the density of neurons double-labeled for tryptophan hydroxylase and c-Fos in the dorsomedial subdivision of the DRN, regardless of sex. Vocal and non-vocal behaviors were also affected by isolation. In interactions with isolated males, both ultrasonic vocalization (USVs) and broadband vocalizations (squeaks) increased in conjunction with greater male investigation of females. Neural and behavioral measures also correlated with each other. In the isolated male group, the density of double-labeled neurons in the dorsomedial DRN was negatively correlated with USV production and positively correlated with a principal component of non-vocal behavior corresponding to greater defensive kicking by females and less investigation and mounting behavior. This correlation was reversed in direction for socially housed males, and for isolated males versus isolated females. These findings confirm that the dynamics of social interactions are reflected in c-Fos activation in the dorsomedial DRN, and suggest an altered responsiveness of serotonergic neurons to social interaction following social isolation in males, in parallel with an altered male response to female cues.
Exploring the effects of moxibustion on cognitive function in rats with multiple cerebral infarctions from the perspective of glial vascular unit repairing
Authors: Wang Jingji , Du Kunrui , Liu Chang , Chen Xiaoyu , Ban Wenming , Zhu Guoqi , Yang Jun
Published: October 2024

Objective

This study aimed to explore the effect of moxibustion at Governor Vessel (GV) acupoints, including Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24) and Dazhui (GV 14) for 14 days on glial vascular unit (GVU) in rats with multiple microinfarctions (MMI), and to explore its action mechanism.

Methods

The effect and mechanism of moxibustion on vascular dementia (VD) were studied in MMI rats by means of behavioral and molecular biology experiments.

Results

Rats receiving MMI showed impairment of memory function, reduction of cerebral blood flow, damage of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and increased brain mass. MMI also increased neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus. Notably, levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and complement component 3 significantly increased, but those of Connexin43 (CX43) and platelet derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) significantly decreased in the hippocampus of the rats receiving MMI. Moxibustion, as well as oxiracetam (ORC) treatment improved memory function and neuronal degeneration, ameliorated BBB integrity, increased cerebral blood flow and decreased brain mass. In addition, moxibustion as well as oxiracetam (ORC) treatment reduced the decrease of CX43 protein and increased PDGFRβ protein level in the hippocampus of MMI rats. Moreover, moxibustion treatment reversed MMI-induced increase of the GFAP/CX43 ratio in vascular structural units. Importantly, after PDGFRβ inhibition, VD rats treated with moxibustion had impaired learning and memory, decreased cerebral blood flow, and BBB disruption.

Conclusion

Moxibustion treatment at various GV acupoints improved cerebral blood flow and repaired BBB function in rats with MMI, likely through protecting GVU.
Comparative analysis of semaglutide induced adverse reactions: Insights from FAERS database and social media reviews with a focus on oral vs subcutaneous administration
Authors: Zhang Jing , Wang Xiaofen , Zhou Yiting
Published: October 2024

Background

Compared to alternative weight-loss strategies and medications, semaglutide stands out for its convenience and efficacy, resulting in a significant increase in prescriptions and raising public safety concerns. Furthermore, the safety profiles of its oral and subcutaneous formulations require further examination.

Objective

Our goal is to investigate the potential safety risks associated with semaglutide by analyzing data from the FAERS database and social media. Additionally, we aim to compare the adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals between the oral and subcutaneous administration routes of semaglutide.

Methods

We collected semaglutide-related reports from the FAERS database spanning Q1 2018 to Q2 2023, and patient reviews on WebMD and AskaPatient up to 20 July 2023. Following data extraction and cleansing, we conducted descriptive analyses of demographic characteristics. Subsequently, we calculated adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals using the reporting odds ratio (ROR).

Results

We identified 19,289 and 422 semaglutide-related adverse drug events (ADEs) reported in the FAERS database and online patient reviews, respectively. Gastrointestinal disorders emerged as the most commonly reported System Organ Class (SOC) in both datasets. Predominant Preferred Terms (PTs) included nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Serious outcomes constituted 3.07% and 2.25% of all cases for oral and subcutaneous semaglutide, respectively. At the SOC level, gastrointestinal disorders accounted for 30.19% of total ADEs in oral semaglutide, slightly surpassing the 27.76% in subcutaneous semaglutide. The median onset for gastrointestinal PTs was 4 days in both oral (Q1: 1, Q3: 32) and subcutaneous (Q1: 1, Q3: 35) formulations. Noteworthy, new serious adverse event (AE) signals were identified, including hemorrhagic diarrhea (ROR: 3.69), hepatic pain (ROR: 4.20), abnormal hormone levels (ROR: 6.51), and pancreatic failure (ROR: 36.34) in subcutaneous semaglutide, and Dupuytren’s contracture (ROR: 46.85) in oral semaglutide.

Conclusion

Our study delineates the safety profile of semaglutide using data from the FAERS database and social media. And identified novel ADR signals specific to oral and subcutaneous forms of semaglutide.
The association between hematological markers of inflammation and chronic cannabis use: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Moshfeghinia Reza , Najibi Amirhossein , Moradi Mehrnaz , Assadian Kasra , Ahmadi Jamshid
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Cannabinoids, both natural and synthetic, are a subject of scientific interest. Cannabis is widely used, and its impact on health and the immune system is being studied. The endocannabinoid system influences inflammation, including the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), a potential diagnostic tool. Our study investigates the connection between cannabis use and NLR.

Methods

Our systematic review was registered in Prospero (#CRD42023463539). We searched six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL Complete) for records in English from inception to May 2024. We included observational studies that measured the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in cannabis users and control participants. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale to assess the quality of the included studies. We selected a random-effects model, and the statistical analysis was performed using Stata software version 17.

Results

Out of a total of 4,054 records, only five articles were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. All of these chosen studies utilized a retrospective design. Furthermore, it's worth noting that all of the studies included were of high quality. In five studies involving 3,359 cannabis users and 10,437 non-users, no significant difference in NLR was found (WMD: 0.12 [-0.16, 0.41], I2: 39.89%). Subgroup analysis on healthy and schizophrenia participants didn't show significant NLR differences (p=0.76). Secondary analysis revealed cannabis users had higher Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) (67.80 [44.54, 91.06]), neutrophil count (0.68 [0.25, 1.12]), white blood cell count (0.92 [0.43, 1.41]), monocyte count (0.11 [0.05, 0.16]), and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) (83.48 [5.92, 157.04]) compared to non-users

Conclusion

Our systematic review and meta-analysis reveal that cannabis use may affect NLR and hematologic parameters, suggesting a potential immune impact. Complex associations exist, requiring further research. Schizophrenia and pro-inflammatory factors are discussed, highlighting the need for ongoing investigation into cannabis-related immune changes and mental health.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023463539.
Assessing the biobehavioral effects of ultramicronized-palmitoylethanolamide monotherapy in autistic adults with different severity levels: a report of two cases
Authors: Bortoletto Riccardo , Piscitelli Fabiana , Basaldella Marta , Scipioni Claudia , Comacchio Carla , Fiorino Roberta , Fornasaro Stefano , Barbieri Pierluigi , Pagliaro Daniele , Sepulcri Orietta , Fabris Martina , Curcio Francesco , Balestrieri Matteo , Colizzi Marco
Published: October 2024

Despite promise of its supplementation as both monotherapy and add-on treatment in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the biobehavioral effects of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in autistic adults have never been explored so far. We discussed the cases of two autistic adults with different degrees of severity (level 1 and level 2) presenting with symptoms of psychic distress, who were treated with ultramicronized-PEA (um-PEA) 600 mg/day monotherapy for a sustained period of 4 months. The level 1 autistic patient showed improved depressive symptoms and social engagement at a 12-week follow-up, in parallel to a tendency toward reduced inflammatory response and enhanced endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling, partially relapsing after um-PEA discontinuation at four months. Opposedly, the level 2 autistic patient exhibited a generally stable psychosocial functioning for the initial 12 weeks, consistent with basically unchanged immune and eCBs levels, abruptly deteriorating and leading to antipsychotic initiation afterwards. No significant side effects were reported in both cases during the observation period. The two cases suggest that um-PEA could be an effective option for the treatment of psychic distress in level 1 autistic adults, warranting further investigation of its age- and level-specificity and of the biological underpinnings of its therapeutic effect in ASD.
The impact of rural health insurance on vulnerability to chronic poverty among rural residents in China: analysis using Probit and IVprobit models
Authors: Zhang Min , Wu Mu
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Poverty is a global problem, and combating it is a major governance issue worldwide. In China, poverty management efforts have shifted from eliminating absolute poverty to managing relative poverty. One of the most important tasks in managing relative poverty in the post-poverty reduction era is to prevent recurring poverty due to illness. Rural health insurance is an important method of preventing and mitigating disease risk and a key part of China’s poverty reduction policy, including among rural residents. However, the mechanism by which basic health insurance alleviates vulnerability to poverty, the causal effect of rural health insurance on vulnerability to poverty, and differences based on having a second health insurance policy and by age and income have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, this study examined the impact of rural health insurance on vulnerability to long-term poverty among rural residents in China. In addition, this study evaluated the impact of having a second health insurance policy and differences in the effects of rural health insurance by age and income.

Methods

This study used data from the 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020 China Family Panel Studies. Household-related characteristics, such as finance, education, and healthcare, were retrieved from the household database; while data on healthcare expenditures, healthcare insurance, and personal-related characteristics were retrieved from the adult database. Robustness tests were conducted with Probit models, and endogeneity tests were conducted with IVprobit models.

Results

Vulnerability to poverty was significantly lower among residents with rural health insurance than those without any health insurance coverage, and this difference was observed across age and income groups. These findings were consistently robust and significant after controlling for endogeneity, considering sample selectivity, and eliminating measurement bias in the core variables.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that rural health insurance is an important tool for poverty alleviation. The current results could effectively reduce the economic vulnerability of rural households facing health risks, ensuring broader economic security. Moreover, these findings provide policy references for managing relative poverty in China.
Diet-microbiome interactions influence lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Qiu Haowen , Checketts Rees , Jackson Mariah Kay , Riethoven Jean-Jack M. , Hansel Nadia N. , Bailey Kristina L. , Hanson Corrine , Samuelson Derrick R.
Published: October 2024

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects 30 million Americans. Previous epidemiologic work has shown that diet can impact pulmonary function in those with and without COPD. Diet is also a major driver of gut microbiome composition and function. Importantly, the gut microbiome has also been associated with lung health (i.e., the gut-lung axis) in both preclinical and clinical studies. Despite this growing body of evidence, many questions remain regarding the gut-lung axis. Specifically, how the microbiome impacts the relationship between diet factors and spirometry or stage of disease in people with COPD is little understood. We hypothesize that there are taxonomic differences in the gut microbiome among the different stages of COPD and that diet microbiome interactions influence pulmonary function. This study aimed to identify how the GI microbiota correlated with the severity of respiratory disease in COPD patients and how the microbiome may mediate the relationship between diet, including fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, and lung function outcomes.
Psoriasis kórképpel rendelkező páciens protetikai ellátása digitális munkafolyamattal
Authors: Vág János , Mikecs Barbara
Published: October 2024

Bevezetés: Az irodalomi adatok szerint a nem kezelt psoriasisban szenvedő betegeknél szignifikánsan magasabb számbanfordulnak elő az egyes fogászati kórképek.Esetismertetés: A jelen esetbemutatásban szereplő 58 éves páciens psoriasisban szenvedett, amely miatt biológiaiterápiában részesült. Az anamnézisében egyéb befolyásoló tényező nem szerepelt. 2022-ben kereste fel a SemmelweisEgyetem Helyreállító Fogászati és Endodonciai Klinikáját végleges fogpótlásának elkészítése céljából. A jobb felső posteriorrégióba egy 4 tagú CAD/CAM technológiával előállított híd készült. Az anterior régióban a páciens 3 implantátummalrendelkezett, az 13, 11 és 21 helyén, ide 5 tagú csavaros rögzítésű hídpótlás készült titánbázissal. A viselt fogpótláseltávolítása és a pillérfogak vállas előkészítése után a beültetett implantátumokba a scanbodyk lettek rögzítve. Ezt követőenelkészült a precíziós-szituációs és az antagonista scan. Az ideiglenes pótlásokkal kialakított stabil occlusiós helyzetfelhasználásra került a végső interkuspidatios pozíció kialakításához. Az elkészült fogpótlások először a 3D nyomtatottmintán, majd szájban kerültek ellenőrzésre. A fogpótlások pontos illeszkedése röntgenfelvételeken lett ellenőrizve.Összefoglalás: A digitális munkafolyamat napjainkban gyors és pontos eljárás, mind a fogakon rögzülő, mind az implantátumokonelhorgonyzott fogpótlások esetében.
Evolving Leadership Theories: Integrating Contemporary Theories for VUCA Realities
Authors: Esenyel Vildan
Published: October 2024

The present study examines the correlation between current leadership models and three key elements of contemporary society: the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment, the rapid digital revolution occurring in our surroundings, and the emergence of the next generation within our organizations. This study presents a framework for successfully incorporating and applying several leadership paradigms in exploratory, reflective, and analytical operations. Effective leadership in the digital era necessitates the use of a variety of leadership styles. Companies must succeed in integrating into the varied and inclusive work environment required by modern society. Achieving the desired results requires not just the abandonment of past methods but also the commitment to applying “next practices”. The current leadership concepts should be in accordance with the prevailing working conditions and beliefs of the current employee and those of future employees. By adopting the viewpoint of the “next up”, existing leadership theories can better accommodate the emotional, historical, and intrinsically imperfect situations that present leadership usually perceives and utilizes to evaluate its activities. The complex structure of this study’s framework enables the use of a single, collaborative, robust leadership model to drive rapid and seamless digital transformation in both enterprises and the contexts that initiate and guide such changes. Furthermore, it enables the exploration of the possible benefits of this approach for both the leaders and team members who struggle with the complexity of these adjustments.
Threat Severity and Threat Susceptibility Are Significantly Correlated with Climate Distress in Australian Mothers
Authors: Barkin Jennifer L. , Dimmock James , Heenan Lacee , Clancy James , Carr Heather , Pardon Madelyn K.
Published: October 2024

Climate change presents a critical global crisis, characterized by rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and shifting climate patterns. Vulnerable populations bear a disproportionate share of these impacts, with women at heightened risk due to unequal access to resources, decision-making power, and social roles. Postpartum women specifically face further unique challenges as they strive to protect their children, amplifying the psychological toll of climate change. The current study explores climate distress in a sample of 101 postpartum women in Australia (Mage = 31.14 years), whose youngest child was (on average) 5 months of age, examining factors associated with their psychological responses to climate threats. Correlational analyses reveal that perceptions of threat severity (r = 0.621, p ≤ 0.01) and susceptibility (r = 0.695, p ≤ 0.01) are strongly linked to climate distress. These findings highlight the need to further investigate the distinct psychological pathways climate-related anxiety operates through in postpartum women. The study underscores the importance of targeted interventions to support this vulnerable population as they face increasing climate-related stressors.
Effects of Immersive Virtual Therapy as a Method Supporting the Psychological and Physical Well-Being of Women with a Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Czech Oliver , Kowaluk Aleksandra , Ściepuro Tomasz , Siewierska Katarzyna , Skórniak Jakub , Matkowski Rafał , Malicka Iwona
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in the mental state and quality of sleep improvement and physical activity (PA) increase of patients diagnosed with breast cancer (BC). A total of 33 subjects divided into experimental (EG, n = 17) and control (CG, n = 16) groups were assessed with the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Modified Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) at four time points. The experimental intervention consisted of eight VR TierOne sessions. Significant differences favoring the EG were identified in the group x time interactions for the main outcomes: destructive style of coping with the disease (p < 0.001), walking (p = 0.04), moderate (p < 0.001) and overall activity (p = 0.004), quality of sleep (p < 0.001), depressive symptoms (p < 0.001), anxiety levels (p < 0.001), aggression levels (p = 0.002), and overall HADS (p < 0.001). Trends, favoring the EG, in the constructive style of coping, sedentary behavior and intensive PA, and sleep efficiency and sleeping time were also found. A VR intervention improves general well-being in terms of the measured parameters.
Assessing the Impact of the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) on Relationship Satisfaction, Quality of Life, and Support Group Participation: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Burgher Cory , Ilie Gabriela , Mason Ross , Rendon Ricardo , Kokorovic Andrea , Bailly Greg , Patil Nikhilesh , Bowes David , Wilke Derek , MacDonald Cody , Tsirigotis Markos , Butler Calvin , Bell David , Spooner Jesse , Rutledge Robert David Harold
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: The Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) is a 6-month, home-based intervention aimed at enhancing mental health in men undergoing curative prostate cancer treatment. This exploratory secondary analysis evaluates PC-PEP’s impact on relationship satisfaction, quality of life, and support group attendance among partnered participants. Methods: In a crossover randomized clinical trial ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03660085) of 128 men aged 50–82 scheduled for curative prostate cancer surgery or radiotherapy, 119 participants in relationships were included. Of these, 59 received the 6-month PC-PEP intervention, while 60 were randomized to a waitlist-control arm, receiving standard care for 6 months before starting PC-PEP. The intervention included daily emails with video instructions on mental and physical health, diet, social support, fitness, stress reduction, and intimacy. Outcomes were assessed using the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Prostate (FACT-P). Results: While relationship satisfaction remained stable, a significant improvement in emotional well-being was observed at 12 months in participants undergoing radiation therapy (p = 0.045). The PC-PEP intervention also led to significantly higher support group attendance at both 6 months (p = 0.001) and 12 months (p = 0.003), emphasizing its role in fostering social support and community engagement. Conclusions: The PC-PEP program effectively maintains relationship satisfaction and enhances emotional well-being, particularly in patients with fewer physical side effects. Its design promotes comprehensive care by integrating physical, psychological, and social support, making it a valuable resource for improving the quality of life in prostate cancer patients and potentially applicable to other cancer types.
A Novel-Potential Wave-Bump Yarn of Plain Weave Fabric for Fog Harvesting
Authors: Nguyen Luc The , Hoang Luu , Hang Le Thuy , Guo Jiansheng
Published: October 2024

With the variety of fibers and fabrics, the studies of the surface structure of the textile yarns, the weave fabric, and their surface wettability are still potential factors to improve and optimize the fog harvesting efficiency. In this work, inspired by the fog harvesting behavior of the desert beetle dorsal surface, a wavy–bumpy structure of post-weave yarn (obtained from woven fabric) was reported to improve large droplet growth (converge) efficiency. In which, this study used tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OC4H9)4) to waterproof, increase hydrophobicity, and stabilize the surface of yarns and fabric (inspired by the feather structure and lotus leaf surface). Moreover, PDMS oil was used (lubricated) to increase hydrophobicity and droplet shedding on the yarns (inspired by the slippery surface of the pitcher plant) and at the same time, enhance the fog harvesting efficiency of the warp yarn woven fabric (Warp@fabric). In addition, a three-dimensional adjacent yarn structure was arranged by two non-parallel fabric layers. The yarns of the inner and outer layers were intersected at an angle decreasing to zero (mimicking the water transport behavior of Shorebird’s beaks). This method helped large droplets quickly form and shed down easily. More than expected, the changes in fabric texture and fiber surface yielded an excellent result. The OBLWB-Warp@fabric’s water harvesting rate was about 700% higher than that of the original plain weave fabric (Original@fabric). OBLWB-Warp@fabric’s water harvesting rate was about 160% higher than that of Original–Warp@fabric. This shows the great practical application potential of woven fabrics with a low cost and large scale, or you can make use of textile wastes to collect fog, suitable for the current circular economy model. This study hopes to further enrich the materials used for fog harvesting.
Correction: Yang et al. Preparation of Biomass Carbon Composites MgO@ZnO@BC and Its Adsorption and Removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) in Wastewater. Molecules 2023, 28, 6982
Authors: Yang Jie , Wei Qing , Tian Changan , Li Dong , Li Hongming , Qin Guangchao , Hu Kunhong , Zhang Qinyan
Published: October 2024

Following publication, concerns were raised regarding the peer-review process related to the publication of this article [...]
Anticancer Activity In Vitro of Sulfated Polysaccharides from the Brown Alga Spatoglossum vietnamense
Authors: Trung Dinh Thanh , Surits Valerii Victorovich , Zueva Anastasia Olegovna , Cao Hang Thi Thuy , Shevchenko Natalia Michailovna , Ermakova Svetlana Pavlovna , Thinh Pham Duc
Published: October 2024

Sulfated polysaccharides SpvF1, SpvF2, SpvF3, and SpvF4 from the brown alga S. vietnamense collected north of Hon Do (Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam) were isolated and studied. The structure of the obtained polysaccharide was studied using chemical methods and NMR spectroscopy. Fucoidans were low-sulfated (SpvF1, SpvF2) and medium-sulfated (SpvF3, SpvF4) heterogeneous polysaccharides. The molecular weight of the polysaccharides obtained was in the range of 16 to 44 kDa. All investigated fucoidans until 400 µg/mL were not cytotoxic for human colon carcinoma cells DLD-1, HCT-116, and HT-29 in vitro. Fucoidans SpvF1 and SpvF2 have inhibited the colony formation and growth of investigated cells from 20 to 30%. Fucoidans SpvF3 and SpvF4 have the strongest inhibitory effect for investigated cancer cells: from 40 to 50%.
Sustainable Valorisation of Coffee Waste as a Protein Source, Mycelium-Based Packaging Material and Renewable Energy Pellet
Authors: Becze Anca , Simedru Dorina , Barta Daniel-Gabriel , Senila Lacrimioara , Varaticeanu Cerasel , Blaga Tudor
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the valorization of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) through protein extraction and their application in mycelium-based packaging and renewable energy pellets. Three extraction methods—mechanical stirring, ultrasound-assisted, and CO2-assisted extraction—were applied to SCGs. CO2-assisted extraction yielded the highest protein content at 34.24%, followed by mechanical stirring (31.46%) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (28.51%). The total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity were also highest in the CO2 extracts, suggesting that this method preserves bioactive compounds most effectively. After protein extraction, SCGs were tested as a component in mycelium-based packaging, with results showing an apparent density of 0.551 g/cm3 and compression resistance of 3.354 MPa, indicating its suitability for structural applications. The energy value of SCGs remained high, with a calorific value of 19,887 J/g DW, slightly decreasing after extraction but still sufficient for renewable energy production. These findings highlight the potential of SCGs as a multi-functional resource, contributing to sustainable solutions across various industries.
Correction: Shen et al. The Isolation, Structural Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Neutral Polysaccharides from the Roots of Isatis indigotica Fort. Molecules 2024, 29, 2683
Authors: Shen Yu , Wu Shihao , Song Mingming , Zhang Huiming , Zhao Hong , Wu Lili , Zhao Hongbo , Qiu Hongbin , Zhang Yu
Published: October 2024

Errors in Figure [...]
Structural and Biological Studies of Bioactive Silver(I) Complexes with Coumarin Acid Derivatives
Authors: Wolska Anna , Drzewiecka-Antonik Aleksandra , Barboza Cristina Aparecida , Struga Marta , Stefanska Joanna , Rejmak Pawel , Klepka Marcin
Published: October 2024

Two new Ag(I) complexes with coumaric carboxylic acid derivatives have been synthesized. Structural studies of these noncrystalline complexes have been performed using a methodology that combines laboratory and synchrotron techniques, supported by density functional theory calculations. The arrangement of ligands around the Ag(I) cation has been refined using infrared, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopies. Different coordination modes of carboxylate ligands are observed for the studied compounds. Carboxylate bridges are characteristic for the Ag(I) complex with 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid (1), while a bidentate chelating motif was found for the complex with 2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid (2). Additionally, the carbonyl oxygen atom of the coumarin ring coordinates to the silver cation in complex 2, while it is inactive in complex 1. Antimicrobial evaluation has been performed for both compounds. The complexes show activity against selected bacteria as well as Candida yeast. This activity is slightly lower for bacteria and the same or higher for Candida in relation to the reference substances: ciprofloxacin or fluconazole.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Chromeno[3,2-c]Pyridines
Authors: Listratova Anna V. , Borisov Roman S. , Polovkov Nikolay Yu. , Kulikova Larisa N.
Published: October 2024

The review summarizes all synthetic methodologies for the preparation of chromeno[3,2-c]pyridines and chromeno[3,2-c]quinolines. The proposed approaches are systemized based on ways for the construction of the heterocyclic system. The presence of these compounds in nature and their bioactivity are also discussed. Natural products with an annelated chromeno[3,2-c]pyridine fragment are well-known and a number of alkaloids derived from this system as a key core have been recently isolated. These compounds demonstrate antimicrobial, antivirus, and cytotoxic activities, making chromeno[3,2-c]pyridine structural motifs promising for medicinal chemistry.
11B NMR Together with Infrared Spectroscopy Provides Insight into Structural Elucidation of Quadrivalent Diazaborines & Cyclic Boronate Esters: Intriguing & Little-Explored
Authors: Dey Ashley L.
Published: October 2024

Imidazo-fused diazaborines, which serve as intermediary structures somewhat alongside benzene and borazine, had been of particular interest to Dewar and Snyder more than 60 years ago. To this end, Dewar utilised his ‘π-complex theory’so as to represent ‘borazaros’as a ‘quadrivalent’ species; however, sadly, modern representations have deviated and leapt into ‘trivalent’ counterparts. Bonding in boron species has never been straightforward, to such an extent that the orthodox ‘ethane’ like diborane, i.e., H3B–BH3, which conformed to the paradigmatic rules of molecular structure, in particular, hybridisation and electronegativity, was later evolved to a more realistic ‘3-centre 2-electron’ bonding so as to give the lie to the purported diborane structures of X-ray diffractors. Herein 11B NMR together with IR spectroscopy sheds light on the nature of bonding in borazaros, and ‘caged’ cyclic oxazaborons so as to reinforce, and reinvigorate the old literature, which could be of interest to both the synthetic, and medicinal chemist alike.
Deep Integration Between Polarimetric Forward-Transmission Fiber-Optic Communication and Distributed Sensing Systems
Authors: Chen George Y. , Chen Ming , Rao Xing , Dai Shangwei , Zhu Runlong , Liu Guoqiang , Lu Junhong , Liu Hanjie , Wang Yiping
Published: October 2024

The structural health of fiber-optic communication networks has become increasingly important due to their widespread deployment and reliance in interconnected cities. We demonstrate a smart upgrade of a communication system employing a dual-polarization-state polarization shift keying (2-PolSK) modulation format to enable distributed vibration monitoring. Sensing can be conducted without hardware changes or occupying additional communication bandwidth. Experimental results demonstrate that forward transmission-based distributed vibration sensing can coexist with PolSK data transmission without significant deterioration in performance. This proof-of-concept study achieved a sensitivity of 0.4141 μV/με with a limit of detection (LoD) of 563 pε/Hz1/2@100 Hz. The single-span sensing distance can reach up to 121 km (no optical amplification) with a positioning accuracy as small as 874 m. The transmission rate is 300 Mb/s, the QdB is 16.78 dB, and the corresponding BER is 5.202 × 10−12. For demonstration purposes, the tested vibration frequency range is between 100 and 200 Hz.
DEVELOPMENT A TWO-FACTOR MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR ESTIMATING THENUMBER OF ROAD ACCIDENTS INVOLVING PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS INVOLVING PASSENGER TRANSPORT
Authors: Kotov Roman , Dorokhin Sergey
Published: October 2024

The article considers the accident rate of passenger transport, determines perspective ways of development of this type of transport and the main target indicators in accordance with the Transport Strategy. The analysis of the main factors affecting the development of passenger transport - passenger turnover and availability of rolling stock - is carried out and a two-factor model is developed, which allows estimating the change in the accident rate depending on the changes in the factors under study.
ESG risk management in banks – towards its measurement
Authors: Nocoń Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

The concept of sustainable development has been gaining importance and increasing society's awareness of the need to stop climate change, inequality, social exclusion, and inappropriate corporate practices. Banks increasingly integrate ESG objectives into their business activity. However, it is associated with their exposure to a new type of risk – the ESG risk. ESG risk management for banking institutions has now become not only a fashion and trend but an obligation that they have to fulfil. The main aim of the article is to identify ESG risk and methods of quantification, as well as to assess the exposure to ESG risk of commercial banks in Poland. That’s why the paper presents an in-depth literature review in the field of ESG concept and ESG risk in banks. Then, it describes the adopted methodology of the empirical research. The third section covers a presentation of the obtained results, which include the analysis of ESG risk exposure of the largest banks in the world and selected commercial banks in Poland, mainly based on the volume of the carbon footprint they generate and finally, ESG risk ratings for Polish banks. The following research methods were used in the article: literature studies, case study analysis, observation methods and synthesis methods. The empirical research that was conducted allowed the verification of the research hypothesis, stating that commercial banks in Poland are aware of the need to measure and monitor ESG risk increases. The research indicated that some of the banks in Poland are at an advanced stage of ESG risk management, while the rest of them are just starting their activities in this area. Currently, banks' involvement in ESG issues globally is one of the leading market trends. It becomes not only an option but an imperative for institutions wishing to maintain their market position. Therefore, commercial banks in Poland can and should participate in the implementation of sustainable development assumptions in the coming years.
Sustainable mobility challenges – case study of the offshore center in Gdansk transport accessibility
Authors: Kaszuba Agnieszka , Przybyłowski Adam , Kuzia Michał
Published: October 2024

Urban mobility planning is one of the key elements in building a sustainable future. Strategic management of urban transport traffic not only reduces congestion and minimises the negative impact on the environment but also positively affects the improvement of residents' quality of life. Furthermore, following the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive approved by the European Union in 2023, companies are obliged to submit annual reports on their environmental impact. One of its elements is the calculation of the organization's carbon footprint, which includes emissions caused by means of transport, including emissions from commuting to work. This case study investigates the impact of transport accessibility on employee preferences and behaviour in the context of changing the premises location, using the example of the Maritime Institute of Gdynia Maritime University (GMU), located at the newly opened Offshore Center in Gdansk seaport. The research hypothesis states that the relocation to new premises with limited transport accessibility may, as a consequence, influence the choice of commuting transportation methods among employees, potentially leading to a shift towards less sustainable means of transport. The results of the research survey prove that there is a complex interconnection between transport accessibility, commuting behaviours, and sustainable mobility initiatives. This pilot study aims to contribute to urban mobility planning by exploring how to transport accessibility influences employee behaviour and by proposing strategies to improve commuting conditions and promote more sustainable solutions.