bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crop water stress maps for entire growing seasons from visible and thermal UAV imagery
Authors: Hoffmann Helene , Jensen Rasmus , Thomsen Anton , Nieto Hector , Rasmussen Jesper , Friborg Thomas
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This study investigates whether a Water Deficit Index (WDI) based on imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can provide accurate crop water stress maps at different growth stages of barley and in differing weather situations. Data from both the early and the late growing season are included to investigate whether the WDI index has the unique potential to be applicable both when the land surface is partly composed of bare soil and when crops on the land surface are senescing. The WDI index differs from the more commonly applied Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) in that it uses both a spectral vegetation index (VI), to determine the degree of surface greenness, and the composite land surface temperature (LST) (not solely canopy temperature). Lightweight thermal and RGB (Red-Green-Blue) cameras were mounted on a UAV on three occasions during the growing season, 2014, and provided composite LST and color images, respectively. From the LST, maps of surface-air temperature differences were computed. From the color images, the Normalized Green-Red Difference Index (NGRDI), constituting the indicator of surface greenness, was computed. Advantages of the WDI as an irrigation map, as compared with simpler maps of the surface-air temperature difference, are discussed, and the suitability of the NGRDI index is assessed. Final WDI maps had a spatial resolution of 0.25 m. It was found that the UAV-based WDI index determines accurate crop water status. Further, the WDI index is especially valuable in the late growing season because at this stage the remote sensing data represent crop water availability to a greater extent than they do in the early growing season, and because the WDI index accounts for areas of ripe crops that no longer have the same need of irrigation. WDI maps can potentially serve as water stress maps, showing the farmer where irrigation is needed to ensure healthy growing plants, during entire growing seasons.
Spatio-seasonal variability of chromophoric dissolved organic matter
absorption and responses to photobleaching in a large shallow temperate lake
Authors: Aullo-Maestro María Encina , Hunter Peter , Spyrakos Evangelos , Mercatoris Pierre , Kovács Attila , Preston Tom , Présing Mátyás , Torres Palenzuela Jesús , Tyler Andrew
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The development and validation of remote sensing-based approaches for the retrieval of CDOM concentrations requires a comprehensive understanding of the sources and magnitude of variability in the optical properties of dissolved material within lakes. In this study, spatial and seasonal variability in concentration and composition of CDOM and the origin of its variation was studied in Lake Balaton (Hungary), a large temperate shallow lake in central Europe. In addition, we investigated the effect of photobleaching on the optical properties of CDOM through in-lake incubation experiments. There was marked variability throughout the year in CDOM absorption in Lake Balaton (aCDOM (440) = 0.06–9.01 m−1). The highest values were consistently observed at the mouth of the main inflow (River Zala), which drains humic-rich material from the adjoining Kis-Balaton wetland, but CDOM absorption decreased rapidly towards the east where it was consistently lower and less variable than in the westernmost lake basins. The spectral slope parameter for the interval of 350–500 nm (SCDOM(350–500)) was more variable with increasing distance from the inflow (observed range 0.0161–0.0181 nm−1 for the mouth of the main inflow and 0.0158–0.0300 nm−1 for waters closer to the outflow). However, spatial variation in SCDOM was more constant exhibiting a negative correlation with aCDOM(440). DOC was strongly positively correlated with aCDOM(440) and followed a similar seasonal trend but it demonstrated more variability than either aCDOM or SCDOM with distance through the system. Photobleaching resulting from 7 days exposure to natural solar UV radiation resulted in a marked decrease in allochthonous CDOM absorption (7.04 to 3.36 m−1, 42 % decrease) and an even greater decrease in the absorption of autochthonous CDOM (1.34 to 0.312 m−1, 77 % decrease). Photodegradation also resulted in an increase in the spectral slope coefficient of dissolved material. Terrestrial subsidies of dissolved organic matter are known to exert a profound influence over the biogeochemistry and metabolism of lakes. The results from this study show that localized inputs of dissolved matter from wetlands can exert a strong influence over the spatial and seasonal dynamics of CDOM in lakes.
Constraining a hybrid volatility basis set model for aging of
wood burning emissions using smog chamber experiments
Authors: Ciarelli Giancarlo , El Haddad Imad , Bruns Emily , Aksoyoglu Sebnem , Möhler Ottmar , Baltensperger Urs , Prévôt André S. H.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (SVOCs, IVOCs) are not included in the current non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) emission inventories but may be important for the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this study, novel wood combustion aging experiments performed at different temperatures (263 K and 288 K) in a ~7 m3 smog chamber were modelled using a hybrid volatility basis set (VBS) box model, representing the emission partitioning and their oxidation against OH. We combine aerosol-chemistry box model simulations with unprecedented measurements of nontraditional volatile organic compounds (NTVOCs) from a high-resolution proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) and with organic aerosol measurements from an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). In so-doing, we are able to observationally-constrain the amounts of different NTVOCs aerosol precursors (in the model) relative to low-volatility and semi-volatile primary organic material (OMsv) which is partitioned based on current published volatility distribution data. By comparing the NTVOCs/OMsv ratios at different temperatures, we determine the enthalpies of vaporization of primary biomass burning organic aerosols. Further, the developed model allows for evaluating the evolution of oxidation products of the semi-volatile and volatile precursors with aging. More than 30,000 box model simulations were performed to retrieve the combination of parameters that fit best the observed organic aerosol mass and O:C ratios. The parameters investigated include the NTVOC reaction rates and yields as well as enthalpies of vaporization and the O:C of secondary organic aerosol surrogates. Our results suggest an average ratio of NTVOCs to the sum of non-volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds of ~4.75. The mass yields of these compounds determined for a wide range of atmospherically relevant temperatures and organic aerosol (OA) concentrations were predicted to vary between 8 and 30 % after 5 hours of continuous aging. Based on the reaction scheme used, reaction rates of the NTVOC mixture range from 3.0 × 10–11 cm3 molec−1 s−1 to 4.0 × 10–11 cm3 molec−1 s−1. The average enthalpy of vaporization of SOA surrogates was determined to be between 55,000 J mol−1 and 35,000 J mol−1 which implies a yield increase of 0.03–0.06 % K−1 with decreasing temperature. The improved VBS scheme is suitable for implementation into chemical transport models to predict the burden and oxidation state of primary and secondary biomass burning aerosols.
A 1/16° eddying simulation of the global NEMO sea-ice–ocean system
Authors: Iovino Doroteaciro , Masina Simona , Storto Andrea , Cipollone Andrea , Stepanov Vladimir N.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Analysis of a global eddy-resolving simulation using the NEMO general circulation model is presented. The model has 1/16° horizontal spacing at the Equator, employs two displaced poles in the Northern Hemisphere, and uses 98 vertical levels. The simulation was spun up from rest and integrated for 11 model years, using ERA-Interim reanalysis as surface forcing. Primary intent of this hindcast is to test how the model represents upper ocean characteristics and sea ice properties. Analysis of the zonal averaged temperature and salinity, and the mixed layer depth indicate that the model average state is in good agreement with observed fields and that the model successfully represents the variability in the upper ocean and at intermediate depths. Comparisons against observational estimates of mass transports through key straits indicate that most aspects of the model circulation are realistic. As expected, the simulation exhibits turbulent behaviour and the spatial distribution of the sea surface height (SSH) variability from the model is close to the observed pattern. The distribution and volume of the sea ice are, to a large extent, comparable to observed values. Compared with a corresponding eddy-permitting configuration, the performance of the model is significantly improved: reduced temperature and salinity biases, in particular at intermediate depths, improved mass and heat transports, better representation of fluxes through narrow and shallow straits, and increased global-mean eddy kinetic energy (by ∼ 40 %). However, relatively minor weaknesses still exist such as a lower than observed magnitude of the SSH variability. We conclude that the model output is suitable for broader analysis to better understand upper ocean dynamics and ocean variability at global scales. This simulation represents a major step forward in the global ocean modelling at the Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change and constitutes the groundwork for future applications to short-range ocean forecasting.
Water in the Critical Zone: Soil, Water and Life from Profile to Planet
Authors: Kirkby M. J.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Earth is unique in the combination of abundant liquid water, plate tectonics and life, providing the broad context within which the critical zone exists, as the surface skin of the land. Global differences in the availability of water provide a major control on the balance of processes operating in the soil, allowing the development of environments as diverse as those dominated by organic soils, by salty deserts or by deeply weathered lateritic profiles. Within the critical zone, despite the importance of water, the complexity of its relationships with the soil material continue to provide many fundamental barriers to our improved understanding, at the scales of pore, hillslope and landscape. Water is also a vital resource for the survival of increasing human populations. Intensive agriculture first developed in semi-arid areas where the availability of solar energy could be combined with irrigation water from more humid areas, minimising the problems of weed control with primitive tillage techniques. Today the challenge to feed the world requires improved, and perhaps novel ways to optimize the combination of solar energy and water at a sustainable economic and environmental cost.
GAS-PHASE POLYMERIZATION OF 1,3-BUTADIENE WITH PS-DVB–SUPPORTED RARE EARTH CATALYST AND AN INVESTIGATION ON EFFECTS OF DISPERSANTS
Authors: Hong Kan , Ni Xufeng , Shen Zhiquan
Published: August 2016

Organic supporter poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) was synthesized, and gas-phase polymerization of 1,3-butadiene was performed with PS-DVB–supported Nd(vers)3/Al2Et3Cl3/Al(i-Bu)3 catalysts. Millimeter-sized granules of high cis-1,4 content (>98%) polybutadiene with an Mn of 5.3–5.5 × 105 were obtained. Dispersants used in gas-phase polymerization of 1,3-butadiene have a significant influence on apparent activities of catalysts and appearance of products. The morphology of polybutadiene granules was also investigated by scanning electron microscopy.
Does the Asset Manager’s Nationality Influence the Occupational Pension Fund Performance?
Authors: Lippi Andrea
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the relationship between asset managers’ nationality and the Italian occupational pension funds extending the existing literature on the topic. We use a double analysis methodology, targeted at single- and multiple-managers, distinguishing between Italian and/or foreign professional managers. The results obtained show how asset manager’s nationality impacts differently on managed pension funds’ performance according to the different investment line risk level, opening debate on asset managers’ management skills.
Retinal and Choroidal Thicknesses Measured with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography after Surgery for Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Bardak Handan , Gunay Murat , Bardak Yavuz , Ercalik Yesim
Published: August 2016

Purpose

To evaluate the changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT), retinal thickness (RT), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in eyes that received pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and to compare these data with data from fellow eyes and healthy controls.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 49 subjects. Eighteen eyes that underwent surgery for IMH, 18 fellow eyes, and 31 eyes of the healthy controls were designated as group 1, group 2, and group 3, respectively. The RNFLT, GCLT, RT, and SFCT were measured by using the swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) device at last postoperative visit.

Results

The RNFLT was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 and group 3 (p<0.05). The GCLT was significantly reduced in all sectors in group 1 as compared to group 2 and group 3 (p<0.05). The RT was found to be significantly lower (except in central field) in group 1 than group 2 and group 3 (p<0.05). The SFCT was significantly decreased in group 1 as compared to group 2 and group 3 (p<0.05).

Conclusions

A reduction in the RNFLT, GCLT, RT, and SFCT was observed following PPV with ILM peeling for IMH detected by SS-OCT.
Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on MAP2 and Nestin Gene Expression of Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells
Authors: Moraveji Marzie , Haghighipour Nooshin , Keshvari Hamid , Abbariki Tannaz Nourizadeh , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Amanzadeh Amir
Published: August 2016

Introduction

In recent years, the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) has attracted a great deal of scientific interest. The ELF-EMF signal is able to control ion transport across ion channels and therefore induce cell differentiation.

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT) on MAP2 and Nestin gene expression of dermal papilla mesenchymal cells (DPCs).

Methods

In order to examine the effect of chemical and electromagnetic factors on gene expression, 4 experimental groups, namely chemical (cell exposure to chemical signals), EMF (exposing cells to ELF-EMF), chemical-EMF (subjecting cells to chemical signals and ELF-EMF) and control (with no treatment) groups, were prepared, treated for 5 days, and studied. To assess the effect of extended test time on the expression of neural differentiation markers (Nestin and MAP2), an EMF group was prepared and treated for a period of 14 consecutive days. The beneficial role of EMF in inducing neural differentiation was shown by real-time PCR analysis.

Results

The higher expression of MAP2 after 14 days compared to that after 5 days and decrease of cell proliferation on days 5 to 20 were indicative of the positive effect of extending treatment time on neural differentiation by evaluation of gene expression in EMF group.
Use of Autologous Epithelium Transplantation on Various Scaffolds to Cover Tissue Loss in Oral Cavity: Long-Term Observation
Authors: Orzechowska-Wylęgała Bogusława , Dobrowolski Dariusz , Puzzolo Domenico , Wowra Bogumił , Niemiec Wiktor , Wylęgała Adam , Szczubiałka Krzysztof
Published: August 2016

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the application of mucous membrane keratinocyte cultures on amniotic membrane and on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) Purasorb PL38 to cover tissue loss in the oral cavity. Developments in molecular biology techniques and tissue engineering allow the culturing and identification of cells that can be anchored in the wound to achieve integrity of the tissue. Transplantation of tissues obtained from the patient's own cells is superior to allogenous transplantation where there is a possibility of transfection, rejection and the need for long-term immunosuppression.

Methods

In 9 patients (15 procedures) keratinocytes cultured on amniotic membrane and PLLA were transplanted to cover antro-oral fistulas and bone loss after osteoradionecrosis.

Results

In all 6 patients with outlasting antro-oral fistulas, the defects were healed. In 3 patients with 5 cases of tissue loss after osteoradionecrosis, we obtained healing of the wound in only 1 case. Histological examination of the cultures indicated that cultured cells formed well-differentiated layers, very similar to the keratinocytes of mucous membranes, although those seeded on amniotic membrane formed a single layer of cells, while those seeded on the PLLA scaffold were arranged on 2 or more layers: these differences were shown to be statistically significant with a morphometric analysis.

Conclusions

Autologous transplants of epithelium cultured on amniotic membrane and PLLA constitute a new and effective way of covering nonhealing tissue loss in the oral cavity in chosen cases, using modern methods of tissue engineering.
Preoperative Measurement of Serum C-Reactive Protein: Is it Useful in the Differential Diagnosis of Adnexal Masses?
Authors: Yoshida Adriana , Derchain Sophie F. , Pitta Denise R. , Crozatti Nathália , Andrade Liliana A.L.A. , da Silva Rodrigo F. , Sarian Luis O.
Published: August 2016

Background

Serum biomarkers may help to discriminate malignant from benign adnexal masses with equivocal features on imaging. Adequate discrimination of such tumors is crucial for referring patients to either a specialized cancer center or a nonspecialized gynecology service.

Aim

We aimed to investigate whether the preoperative level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), alone or combined with CA125 and menopausal status in the Ovarian Score (OVS), is useful in the prediction of malignancy in women with ovarian tumors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 293 patients who underwent surgery in a tertiary cancer center. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curves (AUC) for CRP, CA125 and OVS were calculated in different scenarios, as well as their sensitivity and specificity, using standard cutoff points (for CRP, 10 mg/L; for CA125, 35 U/mL).

Results

CA125 and the OVS performed significantly better than CRP alone in the differentiation of benign disease from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) (AUC = 0.86 for CA125, 0.79 for OVS, and 0.73 for CRP). OVS and CRP alone were superior to CA125 only in the differentiation of borderline ovarian tumors from advanced stages of EOC and non-EOC. Sensitivity and specificity were 52.5% and 83%, respectively, for CRP, 77.9% and 66.7% for CA125, and 71.3% and 67.8% for OVS.

Conclusions

OVS is as good as CA125 in the differentiation of benign tumors from ovarian cancer. The addition of CA125 and menopausal status to CRP enhanced the relatively low discriminatory power of isolated CRP.
Health Economic Burden of Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis Surgically Treated in a Referral Center
Authors: Koltermann Katharina C. , Thiel-Moder Ulrike , Willich Stefan N. , Reinhold Thomas , Ebert Andreas D.
Published: August 2016

Purpose

This retrospective study aimed to describe patient characteristics of women with deep infiltrating endometriosis [DIE] affecting the bowel and bladder treated in a referral center in Germany, and to calculate direct costs during inpatient stay for surgery.

Methods

Patient characteristics and cost-relevant factors of women with DIE of the bladder or bowel surgically treated during 2008-2012 in a referral center were gathered from medical records. Patient economic data were retrieved from the hospital's finance and accounts department.

Results

One hundred and forty-eight cases with clinical information and cost data were analyzed retrospectively. Most cases had bowel endometriosis (91%) and were classified as severe (66%). The women analyzed were in their reproductive peak years (34 years; SD 6.3 years), of normal weight (body mass index [BMI] 23; SD 4.0) and most of them were employed (80%). Nearly all women (95%) were affected by multiple symptoms at hospital admission and the majority had a prior diagnosis of endometriosis (76%). Mean total costs per case were €11,458 (95% CI: €10,589-€12,326). Forty-four percent of the total costs were mean staff costs (€5,039), 30% were mean infrastructure costs (€3,425) and 26% mean material costs (€2,993).

Conclusions

This study is the first to estimate the surgery-related direct costs of DIE in Germany from a hospital's perspective based on data from a specialized center. Resource utilization and total costs of DIE are substantial.
Tegaderm™ CHG Dressing Significantly Improves Catheter-related Infection Rate in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Righetti Marco , Palmieri Nicola , Bracchi Oscar , Prencipe Mario , Bruschetta Elena , Colombo Francesca , Brenna Irene , Stefani Francesca , Amar Karen , Scalia Alfio , Conte Ferruccio
Published: August 2016

Introduction

Catheter-related infections are an important clinical problem in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Catheter-related bloodstream infections have a negative effect on survival, hospitalization and cost of care. Tegaderm™ chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) dressing may be useful to reduce catheter-related infection rates.

Methods

We performed a study to assess the efficacy of Tegaderm™ CHG dressing for reducing catheter-related infections. We designed a prospective randomized cross-over study with a scheme of two treatments, Tegaderm™ CHG dressing versus standard dressing, and two periods of six months. Catheter-related infection rate was the primary outcome. We enrolled 59 prevalent hemodialysis patients.

Results

Catheter-related infection rate per 1000 catheter days was reduced from 1.21 in patients using standard dressing to 0.28 in patients with Tegaderm™ CHG dressing (p = 0.02). Catheter-related bloodstream infection rate per 1000 catheter days was equal to 0.09 in patients with Tegaderm™ CHG dressing versus 0.65 in patients with standard dressing (p = 0.05). Annual total healthcare costs for catheter-related bloodstream infections were estimated equal to EUR62,459 versus EUR300,399, respectively, for patients with Tegaderm™ CHG versus standard dressing.

Conclusions

This is the first prospective study to show that Tegaderm™ CHG dressing significantly reduces catheter-related infection rates in hemodialysis patients.
Comparative Study of Different Histologic Classifications in the Degree of Differentiation in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Silva-Filho Agnaldo L. , Xavier Érica B.S. , Cândido Eduardo B. , Macarenco Ricardo , Ferreira Márcia C.F. , Xavier Marcelo A.P. , Maciel Rayra A.M. , Vidigal Paula V.T.
Published: August 2016

Purpose

To evaluate the concordance among the available histologic classifications for endometrial adenocarcinoma using interobserver and intraobserver agreement as well as the association of tumor histologic degree in the above mentioned classifications with cellular proliferation measured by Ki-67.

Methods

Seventy women who underwent surgical treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma with histologic confirmation of endometrioid type were included in the study. Two experienced pathologists randomly analyzed the slides in 3 distinct timeframes with a maximum of 25 slides/timeframe. Tumor slides were classified according to the degree of differentiation using 4 different classifications: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), modified FIGO, Lax, and Alkushi.

Results

Intraobserver agreement was reasonable for classification of FIGO (k 0.469 and 0.538), very good for modified FIGO (k 0.661 and 0.768), moderate for Lax classification (k 0.496 and 0.466), and moderate/good for Alkushi classification (k 0.528 and 0.736). Interobserver concordance was regular for FIGO classification (k = 0.271 and 0.343), good/moderate for modified FIGO classification (k = 0.661 and 0.522, respectively), regular/moderate for Lax classification (k = 0.258 and 0.465, respectively), and regular for Alkushi classification (k = 0.283 and 0.402).

Conclusions

The prognostic value of histologic grading in endometrial carcinoma and its importance for a successful therapeutic plan have been documented repeatedly, but the best grading system, in terms of prognostication, reproducibility, ease of use, and universality (e.g., applicability to all tumor cell types), has not been unequivocally defined.
Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics, Treatment Methods, Survival, and Prognosis of Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Solmaz Ulas , Ekin Atalay , Mat Emre , Gezer Cenk , Dogan Askin , Biler Alper , Peker Nuri , Hasdemir Pinar Solmaz , Sanci Muzaffer
Published: August 2016

Purpose

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an atypical variant of endometrial carcinoma with a poor prognosis. It is commonly associated with an increased risk of extrauterine disease. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and pathological characteristics, therapeutic methods, and prognostic factors in women with UPSC.

Methods

All patients who underwent surgery for UPSC at a single high-volume cancer center between January 1995 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who did not undergo surgical staging and those with mixed tumor histology were excluded. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to identify the risk factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results

A total of 46 patients were included, the majority of whom having stage I disease (IA, 13 [28.2%] and IB, 12 [26.7%]). Stages II, III, and IV were identified in 5 (10.9%), 8 (17.4%), and 8 (17.4%) women, respectively. Optimal cytoreduction was obtained in 67.3% of patients. Recurrences developed in 8 (17.4%) patients. Multivariate analysis confirmed that lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (odds ratio [OR] 26.83, p = 0.003) was the only independent prognostic factor for OS, whereas LVSI and optimal cytoreduction were found to be independent prognostic factors for PFS (OR 6.91, p = 0.013 and OR 2.69, p = 0.037, respectively). The 5-year overall survival rate was 63%.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that LVSI is the only independent prognostic factor for OS, whereas LVSI and optimal cytoreduction are independent prognostic factors for PFS in patients with UPSC
Variation in Hospital Utilization at the end of Life for Patients with Cancer in the Emilia-Romagna Region of Italy
Authors: Louis Daniel Z. , Hegarty Sarah E. , Leoni Maurizio , De Palma Rossana , Varga Stefan , Melotti Rita
Published: August 2016

Introduction

Despite the preference of many patients to die at home, high proportions of patients with advanced cancer undergo major procedures, receive intensive care, and die in the hospital. The goal of this study is to examine variation in hospital utilization and site of death for patients dying with poor-prognosis cancer in the Regione Emilia-Romagna (RER), Italy.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective, population-level study using administrative data. Patients were included if they died in 2012 and had at least one hospital admission for metastatic or poor-prognosis cancer within 180 days of death. Variations in the use of the hospital, intensive care, and procedures performed were evaluated.

Results

11,470 patients died with metastatic or poor-prognosis cancer in 2012. Seventy-eight percent of patients were hospitalized in the last month of life while 50.7% of patients died in the hospital. Results varied by local health authority from 38.3% to 69.3%. Of patients who had an ICU stay, 55.1% in the community hospitals and 59.8% in the teaching hospitals were admitted to the ICU on the day of death or the day before death. 7.5% of patients underwent a major procedure in the last 30 days of life.

Conclusions

The overall high rate, and substantial variation, in hospital care at the end of life offers the RER the opportunity to evaluate if increasing availability of palliative care, along with provider and patient education, could reduce utilization of high-cost hospital care and increase patient and family satisfaction.
Factors Related to Treatment Outcomes in Low-risk Gestational Neoplasia
Authors: Turkmen Osman , Basaran Derman , Karalok Alper , Kimyon Gunsu Comert , Tasci Tolga , Ureyen Isin , Tulunay Gokhan , Turan Taner
Published: August 2016

Objective

To define the factors associated with methotrexate (MTX) resistance in patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).

Methods

A total of 63 patients with low-risk GTN according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) criteria were included. A total of 37 (58.7%) patients were treated with successive doses of 1 mg/kg intramuscular (IM) MTX on days 1, 3, 5, and 7, and 0.1 mg/kg IM folinic acid (FA) on days 2, 4, 6, and 8, until β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels were normalized. After the β-hCG value dropped to the normal level, an additional cycle of MTX/FA was administered. This protocol is defined as the standard protocol. In a watchful waiting protocol, the same 8-day IM MTX/FA regimen was given only once (n = 8) or twice (n = 18) to 26 (41.3%) patients and patients in whom β-hCG values declined were subjected to follow-up and no additional cycles were administered as long as there was a decrease in β-hCG value. Clinical response and factors affecting therapeutic outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.

Results

Of 63 patients, 47 (74.3%) were cured with primary MTX/FA treatment irrespective of any protocol. Of the 16 patients who were not able to be treated with primary MTX/FA, 3 were treated with single-agent actinomycin-D and 11 were treated with multi-agent chemotherapy. Univariate analysis showed that a pretreatment β-hCG level of ≥5000 IU/L was related to reduced therapeutic response (p = 0.001). The FIGO score, antecedent gestational pathology, and treatment with standard or watchful waiting protocol were not related to treatment response.

Conclusions

The level of β-hCG prior to therapy is an important factor for predicting therapeutic outcomes. It should be noted that the success of the therapy decreases notably in case of high β-hCG level.
Effect of Different Timings of the Day on Semen and Calcium and Magnesium in It
Authors: Valsa James , Skandhan Kalanghot P. , Sumangala Balakrishnan , Amith Skandhan , Skandhan Avni Kalanghot P.
Published: August 2016

Purpose

The study was conducted to understand the effect of time of the day on semen parameters as well as on the level of two electrolytes, calcium and magnesium, in it.

Methods

A total number of 27 normal healthy adults submitted 156 ejaculates during six different fixed timings of the day on six different occasions.

Results

A significant observation was that semen quality was superior in terms of total sperm count percentage and active motility at 0000 hours. A second peak was seen at 0800 hours. Calcium and magnesium level in seminal plasma was maximum at 0000 hours. No significant difference was observed in case of spermatozoa elements among different timings.

Conclusions

The study showed that probably the release as well as the quality of sample was dependent on blood androgen.
Harmonização dos interesses privados e públicos na empresa: o paradigma da sustentabilidade
Authors: Chaves Vinicius Figueiredo , Sant'Anna Leonardo Da Silva
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar histórica e criticamente a empresa, fenômeno econômico-social com projeções no Direito. A partir de pesquisa documental, questiona-se se a sustentabilidade constitui referencial teórico para a reconstrução de algumas premissas sobre os quais ainda se encontra assentada a noção de empresa. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que, na empresa, reúnem-se múltiplos interesses. Conclui-se que a sustentabilidade, aplicada à empresa, descortina um novo paradigma do direito, fazendo com que esta deva ser entendida como instrumento de viabilização da promoção de múltiplas aspirações, privadas e públicas, que devem ser harmonizadas.
História na Base Nacional Comum Curricular: déjà vu e novos dilemas no século XXI
Authors: Moreno Jean Carlos
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo é fruto da mesa redonda “Base Nacional Comum Curricular”, realizada na abertura da III Jornada Paranaense PIBID/PET de História, na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), no dia 27 de novembro de 2015. O debate teve por objetivo contextualizar o processo de discussão da Base Nacional e tecer considerações a respeito do texto preliminar apresentado ao público em setembro de 2015. O texto preliminar, neste artigo e na mesa redonda, foi analisado do ponto de vista da seleção de conteúdos, da progressão, dos conceitos e da concepção de aprendizagem, buscando reforçar o papel do Ensino de História como mediador semiótico dos juízos morais que, situados socioculturalmente, orientam as ações humanas no mundo.
Ensinar história nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: desafios conceituais e metodológicos
Authors: Dorotéio Patrícia Karla Soares Santos
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo propõe-se a levantar questões relevantes em relação ao ensino de História nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Em linhas gerais, busca traçar elementos que evidenciem as especificidades do saber histórico no contexto dessa fase de escolaridade. Em consonância, faz um breve panorama sobre o currículo que tem se efetivado em sala de aula, junto às considerações acerca do professor pedagogo em atuação com a disciplina História. Nas referências teórico-metodológicas que orientam o ensino de História hodierno percebe-se uma carência de estudos, principalmente no que se refere à relação com a historiografia contemporânea na prática pedagógica dos professores que iniciam os alunos no saber histórico escolar. Para a tessitura do artigo, foram analisados questionários aplicados aos docentes dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, em exercício em escolas da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Os achados da pesquisa corroboram com estudos recentes sobre o ensino da disciplina nos Anos Iniciais, nos quais se destacam algumas mudanças e permanências que endossam os desafios colocados ao ensino de História nessa fase de escolarização: avanços metodológicos e historiográficos no saber de referência; professor pedagogo, sem formação específica na área da História; reprodução de concepções; manutenção de metodologias, conteúdos e conceitos tradicionalmente empregados no ensino de História; público infantil, com as especificidades do ser criança.
The Flipped Classroom Model to Develop Egyptian EFL Students’ Listening Comprehension
Authors: Ahmad Samah Zakareya
Published: August 2016

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of the flipped classroom model on Egyptian EFL students’ listening comprehension. A one-group pre-posttest design was adopted. Thirty-four 3rd-year EFL students at the Faculty of Education, Suez University, were pretested on listening comprehension before the experiment and then posttested after it. Using the flipped classroom model went through three successive stages: planning (where content was prepared and participants were oriented to the flipped classroom process), implementation (that included the pre, during, and after class parts of the flipped classroom model), and evaluation (where group projects were presented and evaluated). Paired-samples t-test revealed a statistically significant improvement in participants’ listening comprehension (t=11.341, p<0.05) between the pretest and the posttest in favor of the posttest. Therefore, it was concluded that the flipped classroom had a significant effect on the listening comprehension of Egyptian EFL students. Some recommendations and suggestions for further research were introduced.
Exploring Curricular Internships in Italy: Towards Entrepreneurial Universities
Authors: Della Volpe Maddalena , Siano Alfonso , Vollero Agostino , Esposito Francesca
Published: August 2016

This paper presents a database of the curricular internships offered by all Italian universities in different Courses of Studies (CoS), in the light of the challenge faced by university managers in shifting their institutions to a more entrepreneurial mode within a “triple helix approach” that highlights the relation between universities, government and enterprises. We built our database considering University Credits (UCs) attributed during the academic year 2014/15, consulting the websites of the Italian Ministry of Education and the official websites of 91 Italian universities. Although 3139 out of 4428 CoS (70.89%) offer curricular internships, these learning experiences in most scientific areas have a minor role in learning paths. These results also highlight the general sense of mistrust Italian universities place in the entrepreneurial world. The paper should enable university managers and policy makers to evaluate the activities carried out during curricular internships in Italy. The paper also provides useful insights to redefine the CoS offer in Italy. Data could be collected and updated yearly in order to monitor how the scenario is evolving. This paper contends that internships should be placed within the teaching mission in order to have an impact on entrepreneurship.
Advocatuur in strafrecht en herstelrecht
Authors: Blad John
Published: August 2016

An exploration of the role of legal counsel in Criminal Justice and in Restorative Justice

The author first describes the deontological axioma for the role of the defense counsel in the domain of criminal procedure. Since here the most serious charges are brought against a suspect, who may have all his life-perspectives to lose by severe punishments, the duty of the legal counsel is to be as one-sided in the defense of his clients views and interests as possible and as allowed by professional ethics. He is the guardian of the legitimate interests of the suspect in the context of a legal battle in or out of court about the legal truth of what is said to have happened. In view of the ideals of restorative justice (illustrated by references to Nils Christies Conflicts as property) a new set of rules and customs should be developed that can function as a framework of ‘restorative procedural law’. In the context of restorative justice legal counsel of both the suspect and the victim should be expected and able to function much more as ‘restorative coaches’, seeking co-operation and deliberation between all stakeholders. But, should clients – suspects and victims alike – decide against such an approach and want ‘their day in court’ this should also be possible and be realised. The independent courts should always remain the ultimate refuge for those seeking justice.
Jeugdadvocaten en herstelbemiddeling
Authors: Van der Mussele Eric
Published: August 2016

Lawyers for youth and mediation

In this article the author gives insight in the tasks of a lawyer in mediation for minors. In the first part of his contribution he describes the legal framework, giving an overview of all relevant existing national and international legislation on children’s rights. Subsequently he describes the different tasks a lawyer has to attend in all stages of the mediation.
Advocaten bij politieverhoor en doorverwijzen naar mediation: twee vliegen in één klap
Authors: Spigt Jaap
Published: August 2016

Lawyers during police interrogations and referrals to mediation: two birds with one stone

In his contribution the author points out that the right to legal assistance during police interrogations offers a wonderful opportunity to pay attention to the possibility of mediation and to ensure that the interrogating police officer abides Article 51h of the Dutch Code of Criminal Procedure.
LEGITIMAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA, DESOBEDIÊNCIA INSTITUCIONAL E NACIONALISMOS
Authors: Contipelli Ernani De Paula
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo tem por finalidade apresentar a figura da desobediência institucional com base na teoria da legitimação democrática do direito, que se funda na atualização das disposições normativas constitucionais a partir de procedimentos de interpretação abertos aos interessados no conteúdo das decisões política, para, assim preservar o sistema de tutela da sociedade com legitimidade democrática, confiança institucional e eficácia social, com a correspondência entre os valores informantes da base axiológica constitucional com o sentimento publico de justiça. Para constatação da aplicação prática de tal teoria se adentra no sistema autonômico espanhol, o qual é apresentado em suas diretrizes essenciais, sobretudo, no que diz respeito aos hechos diferenciales, onde se inseri a temática do nacionalismo catalão, que, no momento político atual, apresenta uma série de casos de desobediência institucional realizadas pelas autoridades regionais em relação ao Poder Central espanhol e que dizem respeito às questões que caracterizam a identidade cultural dessa minoria nacional. Nesse ponto, discute-se com base na teoria da legitimação democrática do direito a validade dessas manifestações e a necessidade de acomodação de suas propostas de autogoverno e autodeterminação ao sentimento de justiça que paira na consciência comum do povo catalão.
Meeting the New Anne Shirley: Matsumoto Yūko’s Intimate Translation of Anne of Green Gables
Authors: Uchiyama Akiko
Published: August 2016

Akage no An, the Japanese translation of L.M. Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables (1908), has enjoyed continued popularity in Japan since the translation was first published in 1952. This paper examines one of the many translations that have been published since then, Matsumoto Yūko’s Akage no An, published in 1993. Unlike previous translations, which generally targeted child readers, Matsumoto translated the book for adult readers. The notable difference in Matsumoto’s translation is her detailed endnotes explaining literary allusions and cultural references. This paper examines how Matsumoto translated Anne of Green Gables, with a particular focus on her relationship with the text. This relationship is viewed through the lens of feminist literary criticism, which, Matsumoto explains, relates to her approach to translation. Her translation is also discussed through the idea of girls’ intimate reading. While Matsumoto describes her approach as aligned with feminist literary studies, this paper argues that the success of her translation is also underpinned by her practice of “girls’ intimate reading.” Feminist literary studies and girls’ intimate reading are shown to be interconnected in Matsumoto’s work.
Professional Self-Regulation and the Public Interest in Canada
Authors: Adams Tracey L.
Published: August 2016

The regulation of professional groups has often been justified as being in the public interest. In recent decades, policymakers in Anglo-American countries have questioned whether self-regulating professions have truly served the public interest, or whether they have merely acted in their own interests. This paper draws on legislative records and policy reports to explore meanings attached to professional self-regulation and the public interest in Canada by state actors over the past 150 years. The findings point to a shift in the definition of the public interest away from service quality and professional interests, towards efficiency, human rights, consumer choice, and in some contexts business interests. Changing views of the public interest contribute to regulatory change.
Evidencia de circulación del virus de la hepatitis A, subgenotipo IA, en muestras ambientales en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Báez Paula Andrea , Jaramillo Carlos Mario , Arismendi Lina , Rendón Julio Cesar , Cortés-Mancera Fabián , Peláez Dioselina , González María Mercedes , Molina Francisco , Navas María Cristina
Published: August 2016

Introducción. El virus de la hepatitis A (HAV) es un importante patógeno que se transmite por vía fecal-oral. La epidemiología de la infección está directamente relacionada con el acceso de la población al agua potable y con la infraestructura de alcantarillado.
Objetivo. Determinar la presencia del HAV e identificar el genotipo en muestras de agua de abastecimiento y agua residual en ocho municipios, un corregimiento y una vereda del departamento de Antioquia, noroccidente de Colombia.
Materiales y métodos. Se hicieron tres muestreos seriados de diciembre de 2012 a abril de 2014 en la fuente principal de abastecimiento de los acueductos y en el principal vertimiento de aguas residuales de cada municipio. Las muestras se concentraron por filtración y ultrafiltración tangencial, y por las técnicas de polietilenglicol y floculación con leche descremada, respectivamente. A partir del ARN total de cada muestra, se amplificaron la región VP3-VP1 para la detección del genoma viral y la región VP1-2B para la genotipificación.
Resultados. El genoma del HAV se detectó en las fuentes de agua de abastecimiento de Puerto Berrío, Frontino y Nutibara, y en las muestras de aguas residuales provenientes de los municipios de Arboletes, Zaragoza y Venecia. Mediante el análisis de las secuencias se identificó el subgenotipo IA del virus.
Conclusión. Este estudio permitió detectar la presencia del HAV en 6,6 % de las muestras de agua de abastecimiento y en 13,3 % de las muestras de agua residual de los municipios en estudio. Se reporta por primera vez la circulación del subgenotipo IA en muestras ambientales en Antioquia.
Diagnóstico diferencial de dengue y chikungunya en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Calvo Eliana Patricia , Coronel-Ruiz Carolina , Velazco Syrley , Velandia-Romero Myriam , Castellanos Jaime E.
Published: August 2016

Introducción. Las infecciones por el virus del dengue y del chikungunya presentan síntomas clínicos similares, lo cual dificulta el diagnóstico clínico. Además, son transmitidas por los mismos vectores, por lo que en una región puede haber circulación e infección simultánea con los dos virus. Los resultados de cada enfermedad, no obstante, son diferentes: la fiebre del chikungunya rara vez es fatal, pero puede dejar secuelas de tipo articular y neurológico, en tanto que el dengue es potencialmente fatal. De ahí la importancia de un diagnóstico preciso y oportuno.
Objetivo. Comparar el diagnóstico presuntivo basado en los hallazgos clínicos con el diagnóstico diferencial hecho mediante pruebas de laboratorio.
Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron pruebas virológicas y serológicas específicas para dengue y chikungunya en ocho muestras de sangre de pacientes pediátricos con síndrome febril. Se empleó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa para detectar los virus del dengue y del chikungunya y el método de ELISA basado en la captura de IgM para confirmar los casos de dengue.
Resultados. Con base en los hallazgos clínicos, dos pacientes se clasificaron como casos probables de dengue o chikungunya, dos como casos probables de chikungunya y en cuatro no hubo diagnóstico presuntivo de infección viral. Las pruebas de laboratorio confirmaron la infección por el virus del dengue en dos pacientes, por el virus del chikungunya en otros dos e infección simultánea de dengue y chikungunya en los cuatro restantes.
Conclusión. Los hallazgos clínicos no fueron suficientes para hacer un diagnóstico en pacientes pediátricos con síndrome febril, por lo cual se requirieron pruebas específicas de laboratorio para establecer con precisión el agente etiológico causante de la enfermedad.

 