bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Noisy Sound-Event Mixture Classification Using Adaptive-Sparse Complex-Valued Matrix Factorization and OvsO SVM
Authors: Parathai Phetcharat , Tengtrairat Naruephorn , Woo Wai Lok , Abdullah Mohammed A. M. , Rafiee Gholamreza , Alshabrawy Ossama
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a solution for events classification from a sole noisy mixture that consist of two major steps: a sound-event separation and a sound-event classification. The traditional complex nonnegative matrix factorization (CMF) is extended by cooperation with the optimal adaptive L1 sparsity to decompose a noisy single-channel mixture. The proposed adaptive L1 sparsity CMF algorithm encodes the spectra pattern and estimates the phase of the original signals in time-frequency representation. Their features enhance the temporal decomposition process efficiently. The support vector machine (SVM) based one versus one (OvsO) strategy was applied with a mean supervector to categorize the demixed sound into the matching sound-event class. The first step of the multi-class MSVM method is to segment the separated signal into blocks by sliding demixed signals, then encoding the three features of each block. Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, short-time energy, and short-time zero-crossing rate are learned with multi sound-event classes by the SVM based OvsO method. The mean supervector is encoded from the obtained features. The proposed method has been evaluated with both separation and classification scenarios using real-world single recorded signals and compared with the state-of-the-art separation method. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed method outperformed the state-of-the-art methods.
A Gaussian Beam Based Recursive Stiffness Matrix Model to Simulate Ultrasonic Array Signals from Multi-Layered Media
Authors: Anand Chirag , Groves Roger , Benedictus Rinze
Published: August 2020

Ultrasonic testing using arrays is becoming widely used to test composite structures in the Aerospace industry. In recent years, the Full Matrix Capture (FMC) technique has been implemented to extract the signals for post-processing to form an image. The inherent anisotropy and the layering of the structure pose challenges for the interpretation of this FMC data. To overcome this challenge, modeling techniques are required that take into account the diffraction caused by finite-size transducers and the response of the structure to these bounded beams. Existing models either homogenize the entire structure, use computationally expensive finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods, or do not consider the shape of the bounded beam, which is used to test such structures. This paper proposes a modeling technique based on combining the Multi-Gaussian beam model with the recursive stiffness matrix method to simulate the FMC signals for layered anisotropic media. The paper provides the steps required for the modeling technique, the extraction of the system efficiency factor, and validation of the model with experimentally determined signals for aluminum as an isotropic material such as aluminum and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) laminate as a layered material. The proposed method is computationally inexpensive, shows good agreement with the experimentally determined FMC data, and enables us to understand the effects of various transducer and material parameters on the extracted FMC signals.
Spatial–Spectral Evidence of Glare Influence on Hyperspectral Acquisitions
Authors: Signoroni Alberto , Conte Mauro , Plutino Alice , Rizzi Alessandro
Published: August 2020

Glare is an unwanted optical phenomenon which affects imaging systems with optics. This paper presents for the first time a set of hyperspectral image (HSI) acquisitions and measurements to verify how glare affects acquired HSI data in standard conditions. We acquired two ColorCheckers (CCs) in three different lighting conditions, with different backgrounds, different exposure times, and different orientations. The reflectance spectra obtained from the imaging system have been compared to pointwise reference measures obtained with contact spectrophotometers. To assess and identify the influence of glare, we present the Glare Effect (GE) index, which compares the contrast of the grayscale patches of the CC in the hyperspectral images with the contrast of the reference spectra of the same patches. We evaluate, in both spatial and spectral domains, the amount of glare affecting every hyperspectral image in each acquisition scenario, clearly evidencing an unwanted light contribution to the reflectance spectra of each point, which increases especially for darker pixels and pixels close to light sources or bright patches.
Testing Multi-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers for Geodetic Monitoring Purposes
Authors: Hamza Veton , Stopar Bojan , Ambrožič Tomaž , Turk Goran , Sterle Oskar
Published: August 2020

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology is widely used for geodetic monitoring purposes. However, in cases where a higher risk of receiver damage is expected, geodetic GNSS receivers may be considered too expensive to be used. As an alternative, low-cost GNSS receivers that are cheap, light, and prove to be of adequate quality over short baselines, are considered. The main goal of this research is to evaluate the positional precision of a multi-frequency low-cost instrument, namely, ZED-F9P with u-blox ANN-MB-00 antenna, and to investigate its potential for displacement detection. We determined the positional precision within static survey, and the displacement detection within dynamic survey. In both cases, two baselines were set, with the same rover point equipped with a low-cost GNSS instrument. The base point of the first baseline was observed with a geodetic GNSS instrument, whereas the second baseline was observed with a low-cost GNSS instrument. The results from static survey for both baselines showed comparable results for horizontal components; the precision was on a level of 2 mm or better. For the height component, the results show a better performance of low-cost instruments. This may be a consequence of unknown antenna calibration parameters for low-cost GNSS antenna, while statistically significant coordinates of rover points were obtained from both baselines. The difference was again more significant in the height component. For the displacement detection, a device was used that imposes controlled movements with sub-millimeter accuracy. Results, obtained on a basis of 30-min sessions, show that low-cost GNSS instruments can detect displacements from 10 mm upwards with a high level of reliability. On the other hand, low-cost instruments performed slightly worse as far as accuracy is concerned.
The Impact of High-Speed Railways on Unequal Accessibility Based on Ticket Prices in Korea
Authors: Kim Kyungtaek , Kim Junghoon
Published: August 2020

The high-speed railway (HSR) has affected accessibility at diverse spatial levels. Although previous studies have examined HSR impacts on accessibility and inequality, the price attribute in estimating accessibility is less noted. This study evaluates the effects of HSR on unequal accessibility at the South Korean national level, capital and non-capital regions and according to urban population sizes by comparing ticket prices to time values. There are two major conclusions of this study. First, an increase in time value through national growth or other exogenous conditions maximizes HSR impact and, thus, increases accessibility. For example, when the time value is 9.98 USD/h, the national HSR access inequality is reduced by 0.56%. However, when the time value is 6.02 USD/h, the reduction in the national inequality by the HSR is 0.19%. Second, if considering generalized travel time, HSR impact is maximized in medium cities rather than in large cities. When the time value is 6.02 USD/h (or 9.98 USD/h), the change in inequality between cities is −0.4% (−1.29%) in medium cities, while large cities show a −0.08% (−0.9%) reduction in access inequality.
A Rational Decision-Making Process with Public Engagement for Designing Public Transport Services: A Real Case Application in Italy
Authors: Cartenì Armando , D’Acierno Luca , Gallo Mariano
Published: August 2020

The sustainable design of public transport services is a crucial issue that may affect the economy of local areas and the social inclusion of their inhabitants. Indeed, transport accessibility of households, businesses, and retail activities is one of the main drivers that influence location choices and sustainable development and where the public transport services may play a key (positive) role. Furthermore, the economic crisis of the 2009 and the current ones caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has further limited the funds available for public services, including the transport sector. In this critical context, sound design of public transport services assumes great importance, especially in light of financial constraints. Starting from these considerations, the aim of this paper has been to propose an innovative methodology for designing public transport services based on a rational decision-making process with stakeholder engagement, aiming to perform a sustainable development perspective. The proposed methodology combines technical aspects, social and political issues, equity perspectives, and it is aimed in obtaining a design solution that can be accepted by the whole community. The proposed theoretical design methodology has also been applied to a case study in order to verify its applicability to a real context, consisting of the design of the public transport plan of the province of Foggia in southern Italy. Applications results show that the sustainable design scenario is not only the best ones from a technical point of view, but also participated, equitable, and approved by both policymakers and stakeholders.
Changes in Tongue Kissing in Hook-Ups after COVID-19
Authors: Ruiz-Eugenio Laura , Torras-Gómez Elisabeth , López de Aguileta-Jaussi Garazi , Gutiérrez-Fernández Nerea
Published: August 2020

A growing body of social and behavioral sciences studies are providing evidence on how COVID-19 is influencing changes in society and among individuals. A few of those studies focus on how it is affecting behavioral and habit changes in stable couples. Yet its influence on changes in hook-ups remains understudied. To contribute to filling this gap, this exploratory study analyzes changes related to tongue kissing in hook-ups promoted by increased awareness of tongue kissing certain people as a potential source of transmission. Through pre- and post-test questionnaires given to 20 girls (18–30 years old), potential changes in the memories of past tongue-kissing hook-ups and in intentions and perceptions towards future ones can be observed among 12 participants. The implications of these findings suggest not only how the new normal might affect tongue kissing in hook-ups among these girls but also how these girls might freely decide with whom to engage in sexual-affective relationships in the future.
Deployment of Hydropower in Nepal: Multiple Stakeholders’ Perspectives
Authors: Singh Rana Pratap , Nachtnebel Hans Peter , Komendantova Nadejda
Published: August 2020

Nepal could rely on its huge renewable energy potentials to meet its energy demand sustainably. Also, renewable energy sources are considered by several national policy makers and international organizations as an engine for socio-economic development of the country, which can provide access to electricity to everybody and stimulate economic activity and economic growth. Several efforts were taken by the national government to stimulate deployment of renewable energy electricity generation capacities. However, the country is still not able to cover its energy needs with renewable energy despite decades of efforts for their deployment. The assumption of this research was that uncertainty in energy policy and planning gaps in Nepal are connected with the dominance of a limited number of discourses and ignorance of other voices which might be helpful. Nowadays, evidence exists that a multi-stakeholder and multi-sector perspective is extremely important for sustainable development. We provide evaluation of various perspectives, including technical, social, economic, environmental, and political. We collect empirical data in frames of a comprehensive stakeholders’ process in Nepal. The stakeholders’ preferences are analyzed through various methods of decision support sciences such as multi criteria decision analysis. To fast track hydropower development, the government has classified them into five categories based on their generation capacity. Assessment of each category and their collective comparison on multiperspectives has never been tried. Hence, such an assessment leading towards their prioritization is the objective of the study. It may help to identify a suitable strategy or policy to maximize national benefits. The study carried within the framework of five alternatives (categories) of hydropower schemes and nine different hydropower perspectives applicable in Nepalese context. The scoring method based is on secondary source evidence is applied for assessment. The study ranks medium schemes (25 to 100 MW) as best in Nepalese context.
Composted Chicken Manure for Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation Increased the Strawberry Yield and Shifted the Soil Microbial Communities
Authors: Song Zhaoxin , Massart Sebastien , Yan Dongdong , Cheng Hongyan , Eck Mathilde , Berhal Chadi , Ouyang Canbin , Li Yuan , Wang Qiuxia , Cao Aocheng
Published: August 2020

Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), as a bio-fumigation technology, has been developed to control soil-borne pests. There is increasing evidence showing that carbon sources and cover tarps play an important role in the ASD suppression of soil-borne pests, but little is known about the effect of composted chicken manure (CCM) and totally impermeable films (TIF) against soil-borne pests in the strawberry production system. In experiments, the colonies of Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp., which are recognized to cause strawberry soil-borne diseases, decreased significantly after ASD. The soil promoted a significant increase in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and organic matter, but a decrease in oxidation-reduction potential after ASD. Besides, the strawberry plant height, stem thickness and yield were significantly higher than in the non-amended soil. Compared to the untreated control, ASD, both at 6 and 12 ton/ha of CCM, significantly (p = 0.05) increased strawberry marketable yield and income. The economic benefit could be due to the suppression of soil-borne diseases and the improvement of soil nutrition. The soil bacterial and fungal diversity and richness increased after soil fumigation. The increased presence of biological control agents led to the suppression of soil-borne pathogens. In summary, ASD with CCM amendments could be applied in pre-plant fumigation to control strawberry soil-borne pests, strengthen soil fertility, improve crop yield and increase growers’ income.
The Sustainable Development of Urban Cultural Heritage Gardens Based on Tourists’ Perception: A Case Study of Tokyo’s Cultural Heritage Gardens
Authors: Chen Ge , Shi Jiaying , Xia Yiping , Furuya Katsunori
Published: August 2020

For the cultural heritage gardens in the urban environment, modern high-rise buildings inevitably change their original landscape and form a new landscape experience with visual impact. Whether cultural heritage gardens and modern cities can coexist harmoniously is one of the critical issues to achieve their sustainable development. This research aimed to find an indicator of landscape morphology, which can predict the visitor’s cognition for such cultural landscape forms. This study surveyed tourists’ preferences in six selected cultural heritage gardens in Tokyo. We used hemispheric panoramas to calculate the view factors of certain elements of the landscape at the observation points. The results showed that Sky View Factor was a positive predictor of tourists’ preference, and this predictability did not change significantly with the attributes of tourists. We also found that tourists’ attitudes towards the high-rise buildings outside the gardens have become more tolerant and diverse. These findings could be applied to predict visitors’ perception preference of cultural heritage landscape in the context of urban renewal, contributing to the sustainable development of cultural heritage landscape and urbanization.
Relationships between Functional Properties of Pervious Concrete
Authors: Sičáková Alena , Kováč Marek
Published: August 2020

Pervious concrete is characterized by its open-void structure, which gives it a number of specific properties and allows specific applications, including pervious pavements, residential roads, alleys, sidewalks, parking lots, patios, and so on. Permeable areas are extremely important for the creation of sustainable cities in terms of the water cycle. Due to its high void content and low cement/mortar content, pervious concrete generally may have significantly reduced strength when compared with conventional concrete. That is why a wide range of research activities is devoted to the balance between acceptable void content, strength, as well as other significant properties. Knowledge of the relationships between the individual properties is very important for understanding this specific material. In this paper, a wide range of 38 different composition variants has been tested to determine the dependencies between the essential properties of pervious concrete. The variables related to the type of aggregate, maximum grain size, the grain-size composition, the amount of binder, and the kind (composition) of binder. The dependencies reported in the article are defined with high reliability R2 ranging from 0.75 to 0.95. On the basis of the dependencies thus determined, it can be predicted that a density of min. 1740 kg/m3 must be reached to meet the requirement of min. 10 MPa for nonpavement applications, while a density of min. 1960 kg/m3 must be achieved to meet min. 20 MPa for pavement applications. The criteria of the void ratio for pavement applications can be set at 20 ± 3%, while the criteria for nonpavement applications can be set at 28 ± 6%.
Visual Capacity Assessment of the Open Landscape in Terms of Protection and Shaping: Case Study of a Village in Poland
Authors: Górka Anna
Published: August 2020

This article describes the methodology and results of research on landscape visual capacity. The aim of the project was to develop a tool that would support planning and design decisions at the level of communal management in rural areas in Poland through systematic application of visual criteria. Their importance in the protection, management and shaping of space is underlined by the document produced at the European Landscape Convention of 2000 (ELC). To date, ELC recommendations have not been fully implemented in Poland. The author of the study used the methods of the Krakow School of Landscape Architecture in assessing cultural landscapes and referred to the assumptions of the British Landscape Character Assessment (LCA). The analysis was based on the results of a landscape identification conducted in a part of the Cekcyn commune. The assessment of visual capacity was conducted for the village of Nowy Sumin, located in that commune. The effect of the study is the classification of open landscapes with respect to the assessment of visual changes resulting from potential residential development. The results obtained prompt the conclusion that the applied method can effectively support local spatial planning as it takes national conditions into account.
Rotating Melvin-like Universes and Wormholes in General Relativity
Authors: Bronnikov Kirill , Krechet Vladimir , Oshurko Vadim
Published: August 2020

We find a family of exact solutions to the Einstein–Maxwell equations for rotating cylindrically symmetric distributions of a perfect fluid with the equation of state p=wρ (|w|<1), carrying a circular electric current in the angular direction. This current creates a magnetic field along the z axis. Some of the solutions describe geometries resembling that of Melvin’s static magnetic universe and contain a regular symmetry axis, while some others (in the case w>0) describe traversable wormhole geometries which do not contain a symmetry axis. Unlike Melvin’s solution, those with rotation and a magnetic field cannot be vacuum and require a current. The wormhole solutions admit matching with flat-space regions on both sides of the throat, thus forming a cylindrical wormhole configuration potentially visible for distant observers residing in flat or weakly curved parts of space. The thin shells, located at junctions between the inner (wormhole) and outer (flat) regions, consist of matter satisfying the Weak Energy Condition under a proper choice of the free parameters of the model, which thus forms new examples of phantom-free wormhole models in general relativity. In the limit w→1, the magnetic field tends to zero, and the wormhole model tends to the one obtained previously, where the source of gravity is stiff matter with the equation of state p=ρ.
Perturbation Theory Near Degenerate Exceptional Points
Authors: Znojil Miloslav
Published: August 2020

In an overall framework of quantum mechanics of unitary systems a rather sophisticated new version of perturbation theory is developed and described. The motivation of such an extension of the list of the currently available perturbation-approximation recipes was four-fold: (1) its need results from the quick growth of interest in quantum systems exhibiting parity-time symmetry (PT-symmetry) and its generalizations; (2) in the context of physics, the necessity of a thorough update of perturbation theory became clear immediately after the identification of a class of quantum phase transitions with the non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies at the Kato’s exceptional points (EP); (3) in the dedicated literature, the EPs are only being studied in the special scenarios characterized by the spectral geometric multiplicity L equal to one; (4) apparently, one of the decisive reasons may be seen in the complicated nature of mathematics behind the L≥2 constructions. In our present paper we show how to overcome the latter, purely technical obstacle. The temporarily forgotten class of the L>1 models is shown accessible to a feasible perturbation-approximation analysis. In particular, an emergence of a counterintuitive connection between the value of L, the structure of the matrix elements of perturbations, and the possible loss of the stability and unitarity of the processes of the unfolding of the singularities is given a detailed explanation.
Complex T-Spherical Fuzzy Aggregation Operators with Application to Multi-Attribute Decision Making
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Yang Miin-Shen
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the novel approach of complex T-spherical fuzzy sets (CTSFSs) and their operational laws are explored and also verified with the help of examples. CTSFS composes the grade of truth, abstinence, and falsity with a condition that the sum of q-power of the real part (also for imaginary part) of the truth, abstinence, and falsity grades cannot be exceeded from a unit interval. Additionally, to examine the interrelationships among the complex T-spherical fuzzy numbers (CTSFNs), we propose two aggregation operators, called complex T-spherical fuzzy weighted averaging (CTSFWA) and complex T-spherical fuzzy weighted geometric (CTSFWG) operators. A multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem is resolved based on CTSFNs by using the proposed CTSFWA and CTSFWG operators. To examine the proficiency and reliability of the explored works, we use an example to make comparisons between the proposed operators and some existing operators. Based on the comparison results, the proposed CTSFWA and CTSFWG operators are well suited in the fuzzy environment with legitimacy and prevalence by contrasting other existing operators.
Physical and Mathematical Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Scholle Markus
Published: August 2020

Fluid mechanics has emerged as a basic concept for nearly every field of technology. Despite there being a well-developed mathematical theory and available commercial software codes, the computation of solutions of the governing equations of motion is still challenging, especially due to the nonlinearity involved, and there are still open questions regarding the underlying physics of fluid flow, especially with respect to the continuum hypothesis and thermodynamic local equilibrium. The aim of this Special Issue is to reference recent advances in the field of fluid mechanics both in terms of developing sophisticated mathematical methods for finding solutions of the equations of motion, on the one hand, and on novel approaches to the physical modelling beyond the continuum hypothesis and thermodynamic local equilibrium, on the other.
Qualidade Microbiológica de Águas de Poços no Perímetro Urbano de Confresa-MT, Brasil
Authors: Aveiro Cessa Raphael Maia , Calado Luz Cleber , Rodrigues Silva Felipe Gimenes , Costa de Oliveira Gustavo Rodrigues , Rodrigues da Costa Cassio
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de águas de poços no perímetro urbano de Confresa-MT, Brasil. No período de abril a junho de 2019 foram coletadas amostras de água de 28 poços residenciais sem outorgas de captação, sendo 24 com profundidade média de 8,0 a 10,0 m, apenas manilhados partir da sua entrada, e 4 artesianos com aproximadamente 40,0 m. Nas amostras de água determinaram-se coliformes totais e fecais e Escherichia coli. Os dados foram espacializados, com intuito de discutir a qualidade das águas provenientes dos poços do perímetro urbano de Confresa. A água captada de poços simples e artesianos no perímetro urbano de Confresa-MT teve características químicas aceitáveis porém, torna-se não potável devido a presença de coliformes fecais e E. coli.
Importância do PRONAF para Assentados da Reforma Agrária do Projeto de Assentamento Porto Esperança: Confresa - MT – Um estudo de caso
Authors: Silva Ferreira Adrielly Freitas da , Tavares dos Santos Samuel
Published: August 2020

A agricultura familiar é importante para o Brasil e o Pronaf é um dos aliados dessa agricultura. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é verificar os seguintes aspectos do referido Programa na ótica de agricultores familiares: 1- a percepção; 2-o grau de conhecimento; 3- grau de uso e 4- recomendação. Para isso foram entrevistados 30 moradores do Projeto de Assentamento Porto Esperança, situado no município de Confresa – MT. O resultado das perguntas a respeito do Pronaf mostra que: 43,3% dos entrevistados declarou ter pouco conhecimento; 40% pouca frequência de uso; 70% elevada dificuldade de acessá-lo; 33% acreditam que o Pronaf teria elevada contribuição no desenvolvimento das atividades em sua propriedade e 70% deles afirmaram que não teriam nenhuma dificuldade em arcar com o pagamento das mesmas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que apesar de sua importância, essa política ainda possui falhas, que devem ser revistas e corrigidas.
NEW HAPLOTYPE OF HOLSTEIN CATTLE FERTILITY
Authors: КОВАЛЮК Н.В. , САЦУК В.Ф. , МАЧУЛЬСКАЯ Е.В. , ШАХНАЗАРОВА Ю.Ю.
Published: August 2020

В 2018 году методом идентификации регионов с потерей гомозиготности открыта новая генетическая аномалия крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы в гене SDE2 (g.29773628A>G; rs434666183). В гетерозиготном состоянии она приводит к носительству гаплотипа НН6, в гомозиготном — вызывает замедление роста эмбриона и самопроизвольный аборт до 56 дня стельности. Родоначальником этой аномалии считают голштинского производителя MOUNTAIN USAM000002070579, 1987 г. р. Частота встречаемости в современной голштинской популяции носителей НН6 гаплотипа составляет около 1,2%. Была установлена частота встречаемости носителей гаплотипа НН6 среди коров и быков-производителей голштинской породы, используемых в системе искусственного осеменения Краснодарского края. В статье приведены последовательности праймеров и методика генотипирования. Установлено, что частота встречаемости носителей гаплотипа НН6 в генотипированной группе (60 коров и 63 быка-производителя) составила менее 1% (0,8%). Проблема распространения носительства гаплотипа НН6 для молочного скотоводства Краснодарского края в настоящее время не является острой, однако тестирование на наличие гаплотипа НН6 желательно включить вместе с тестированием на наличие других гаплотипов голштинского скота (НН1, НН2, НН3, НН4, НН5, НСD) в список обязательных генетических тестирований племенных животных с целью не допустить в дальнейшем распространения мутации в гене SDE2.

In 2018, a new genetic anomaly of Holstein cattle in the SDE2 gene (g.29773628A>G; rs434666183) was discovered by the method of identification of regions with loss of homozygosity. In the heterozygous state, it leads to the carrier of the haplotype HH6, in the homozygous state, it causes a slowdown in the growth of the embryo and spontaneous abortion before the 56th day of pregnancy. The originator of this anomaly is considered to be the Holstein manufacturer MOUNTAIN USAM000002070579 born in 1987. the Frequency of occurrence in the modern Holstein population of carriers of the HH6 haplotype is about 1.2%. The frequency of occurrence of carriers of the haplotype HN6 among Holstein cows and bulls used in the system of artificial insemination of the Krasnodar territory was established. The article presents the sequence of primers and the method of genotyping. It was found that the frequency of occurrence of carriers of the HH6 haplotype in the genotyped group (60 cows and 63 bulls) was less than 1% (0.8%). The problem of spreading the carrier haplotype HH6 for dairy cattle in the Krasnodar territory is currently not acute, but testing for the presence of haplotype HH6 is desirable to include together with testing for the presence of other haplotypes of Holstein cattle (HH1, HH2, HH3, HH4, HH5, HSD) in the list of mandatory genetic testing of breeding animals in order to prevent the further spread of mutations in the SDE2 gene.
Analisis Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Sari Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa ) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS
Authors: Ramadhani Nurfijrin , Samudra Agung Giri , Pratiwi Lea Wati Indah
Published: August 2020

Jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) banyak terdapat di Kota Bengkulu serta merupakan salah satu produk unggulan di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya senyawa flavonoid yang terdapat dalam sari buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) dan untuk mengetahui berapa kadar flavonoid yang terdapat dalam sari buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan uji kualitatif (uji warna) untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya senyawa flavonoid. Selanjutnya penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat seri kadar kuersetin yaitu 20, 40, 80, dan 100 ppm dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Data absorbansi yang diperoleh kemudian dihitung kadarnya. Hasil penelitian uji kualitatif menunjukan bahwa sari jeruk kalamansi positif mengandung flavonoid. Dan hasil kadar flavonoid yang didapat dengan metode spektrofotometri yaitu 10,958 mg/RE.
EVALUATING SURFACE WATER QUALITY AND TESTING FREQUENCY IN TIEN AND HAU RIVERS, AN GIANG PROVINCE, USING 10-YEAR MONITORING DATA
Authors: Nguyen Giao Thanh
Published: August 2020

The study aimed to assess the variation of surface water quality and evaluate the monitoring frequency at threecontinuous monitoring stations on the Tien river (MT1 station) and Hau river (MH1 and MH2 station) over a 10-year period (2009-2018), with a monitoring frequency of 12 times per year (monthly). The water quality variables comprised of temperature (oC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), total suspended solids (TSS, mg/L), nitrate (N-NO- 3 , mg/L), orthophosphate (P-PO3 4- mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L), and coliforms (MPN/100 mL). The individual water quality parameters were assessed by comparison with National Technical Regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT). Monitoring frequency was evaluatedusing Cluster Analysis (CA). The findings revealed that surface water on both Tien and Hau rivers was perpetually polluted with suspended solids, organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms. The CA identified that the frequencies of current water monitoring could be reduced from 12 times to 5 times per year, resulting in a 58% reduction in monitoring costs. Future study should focus on evaluating water quality parameters toencompass all water quality characteristics in the Tien and Hau rivers. International collaboration with countries that impact the river before flowing into Vietnam in water management should be enhanced to solve continuing water problems.
STUDY ON ARSENIC MITIGATION BY LIMING METHOD COMBINING ORGANIC MATERIAL ON SOYBEAN AND CORN IN AN GIANG PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Chuong Van , Nguyen Chinh Trung
Published: August 2020

The study on arsenic mitigation by liming method, combining organic material on soybean and corn crops on the dyke in An Giang, was conducted to determine the effect of lime combination rice husk ash (03 tons/ha) on the uptake of arsenic in soybean, and the effect of lime combination sawdust (02 tons/ha) on the uptake of arsenic in corn crops. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block field format, where the experiments were arranged with 2 treatments with 4 replicates: Treatment 1 (NT1): control (No liming combined with organic materials); Treatment 2 (NT2): liming combined with organic materials in a ratioof 1: 1 (Dosage: 03 tons / ha of lime mixture with rice husk biochar for soybean crop land, 02 tons / ha of mixed lime combined with sawdust for corn crop land). The results revealed that liming treatments combined withorganic materials increased pH H2O and arsenic in soil - the lime combination rice husk ash arsenic content in roots (0.836 mg/kg), leaf stems (0.83 mg/kg) and seeds (0.06 mg/kg) had results lower than the control treatments, 33.1%; 32.5% and 45.5% respectively. Applying and combining lime with sawdust resulted in lower arsenic content in leaf stems (95.3 mg/kg) and seeds (6.33 mg/kg) compared to the control treatmentsby 31.9% and 49.4%. Therefore, added lime combined with organic matter can decrease arsenic content in plants, and it is recommended that growers apply this technique to reduce the absorption of arsenic into crops.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU IBU RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DOMESTIK STUDI KASUS DI RW 03 KELURAHAN PLAMONGANSARI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Wulandari Fitria , Lestari Ita Puji
Published: August 2020

Sampah dan Pengelolaannya saat ini menjadi masalah , dan menjadi prioritas di kota-kota besar. Pengelolaan sampah dengan cara dibakar menjadi salah satu cara yang sering dilakukan oleh sebagian masyarakat baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan, salah satunya adalah di wilayah kelurahan plamongansari, terutama di RW 03. Oleh karena itu di perlukan suatu penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menggambarkan perilaku ibu rumah tangga dalam mengelola sampah hasil aktifitas rumah tangga. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa 50% responden berpendidikan rendah, 23% berpendidikan menegah, dan sisanya sebanyak 13% berpendidikan tinggi. Gambaran perilaku ibu rumah tangga dalam mengelola sampah dapat digambarkan bahwa 51% responden mengelola sampah rumah tangga dengan cara di bakar, sedangkan 48% responden membang sampah ke TPs, dan sisanya membuang sampah di lahan kosong. Masyarakat kurang mendapatkan informasi mengenai pengelolaan sampah yang baik, dari petugas kesehatan dalam beberapa kegiatan penyuluhan, karena materi penyuluhan yang diberikan lebih banyak di bidang kesehatan. saran yang diberikan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan warga dengan memperbanyak materi-materi penyuluhan dalam kegiatan penyuluhan oleh tenaga kesehatan di masyarakat, dan dapat juga dilakukan dengan cara memasang informasi-informasi mengenai pengelolaan sampah, di tempat-tempat yang mudah dilihat oleh masyarakat.
No evidence of body size effects on the reproductive behaviour of a non-territorial damselfly Chalcolestes viridis
Authors: Kahalerras Amin , Boucenna Nedjwa , Bensakhri Zinette , Boukhamza Mouhamed , Houhamdi Moussa
Published: August 2020

Body size has important effects on reproductive behaviour and fitness of species. Although body size is usually advantageous for territorial species, its direct implication in determining the behaviour of non-territorial species is still not well understood. Here we investigate the reproductive behaviour of a non-territorial damselfly Chalcolestes viridis in northeast Algeria and assess the effects of body size on different behavioural and ecological components. The diurnal pattern of abundance depended on temperature and hour of the day, showing a peak within temperatures ranging between 23° and 26°C. Copulation and oviposition duration were not correlated to body size and did not change across the season. In addition, the species oviposited eggs in wooden substrates that were 150–200 cm above the water surface, and this vertical stratification was negatively correlated to branch diameter and water depth, positively correlated with water width and velocity, but was not correlated with body size and season. Our study suggests that body size might not be very relevant in shaping certain aspects of reproductive behaviour and habitat selection in non-territorial damselflies, but could influence other fitness components.
Pseudomaquises in SW Bulgaria as a habitat for the ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Teofilova Teodora
Published: August 2020

A lack of sufficient data about ground beetles in maquis and maquis-like habitats in the whole Mediterranean region prompted this study. It brings new data to the knowledge of Carabidae species from Balkan pseudomaquis habitats in Bulgaria and reveals some patterns of species composition from zoogeographic and ecological points of view. Fieldwork was carried out in the period 5 April 2002 – 11 January 2004. A total of 305 specimens from 52 species were found, including two Balkan endemics and one Tertiary relict. These species belong to 23 genera and 12 tribes. Dromius quadrimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Harpalus fuscicornis Ménétriés, 1832 are new for the Bulgarian Struma Valley. Another 13 species are new for the Pirin Mountains. The richest tribe was Harpalini (21 species), followed by Carabini (6 species), Amarini and Sphodrini (5 species each). The most species-rich genus was Harpalus (13 species). Zoogeographical analysis showed that Euroasiatic and Mediterranean complexes were most prevalent. Xerothermic conditions in the habitats studied were also confirmed by the prevalence of the mesoxerophilous carabids. These habitats occur only locally in Bulgaria and support specific carabid assemblages. Knowledge about their diversity could be a keystone for the conservation of all target species living in these limited areas and encompassed by the adjacent Natura 2000 zones.
Does the Tichi Haf dam construction affect dragonfly and damselfly (Odonata : Insecta) assemblages of the Boussellam watercourse (central north Algeria)? A preliminary study
Authors: Chelli Abdelmadjid , Moulaï Riadh , Djemai Abdelhadi
Published: August 2020

This paper reports a pioneer study dealing with the impact of dam construction on Odonata communities, because no similar study has been undertaken in Algeria and the consequences of this artificialization on the Odonata assemblages have rarely been studied elsewhere. The main purpose of this study was to determine if the Tichi Haf dam is really having a negative effect on the Odonata communities living on the Boussellam watercourse, as there has hitherto been a lack of knowledge about its odonatofauna and aquatic microinvertebrates. This study showed that changes due to the construction of this dam, involving riparian vegetation, bank aspect and water parameters, affected the Odonata assemblages inhabiting both sides of the dam wall. The richness and abundance of dragonflies and damselflies found upstream from the dam is quite different from those found downstream from the dam. The survey also identified four new species for the Bejaia region. Among these, we report on the rediscovery of the critically endangered (EN) Calopteryx exul in Algeria, recorded in the nineteenth century and deemed to have been extinct after an absence of more than a century. The presence of an extant population C. exul in this location does not correspond to any historical locality reported for this species.
A rare case of saurophagy by Scolopendra cingulata (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae) in the central Aegean Archipelago: a role for insularity?
Authors: Deimezis-Tsikoutas Aris , Kapsalas Grigoris , Pafilis Panayiotis
Published: August 2020

Centipedes feed mainly on insects and other invertebrates. However, they may occasionally enhance their diet with small vertebrates. Lizard consumption by centipedes is rather rare. Here, we report an incident of saurophagy by the most common Mediterranean scolopendrid, Scolopendra cingulata, on the Aegean wall lizard, Podarcis erhardii. Island particularities may trigger such behaviours that could be more frequent than previously thought.
La lucha contra el olvido de las Madres de ‘Falsos Positivos’ de Soacha y Bogotá (MAFAPO): condiciones y formas de movilizar una memoria subterránea (2008-2018)
Authors:   , Gutiérrez Rodríguez Carlos Arturo
Published: August 2020

En 2008, unos jóvenes desaparecieron de Soacha, un municipio aledaño a Bogotá. Meses después sus cuerpos fueron encontrados en el departamento de Norte de Santander, presentados por la Brigada XV del Ejército Nacional de Colombia como miembros de grupos armados dados de baja en combate. La lucha que sus madres llevaron a cabo para esclarecer lo sucedido dio lugar a un grupo bautizado por los medios de comunicación como Las Madres de Soacha. Tras los hechos, otras mujeres, que no eran de Soacha y cuyos familiares fueron asesinados bajo la misma modalidad, pero en años y lugares distintos, se articularon con ellas, tejieron vínculos con organizaciones defensoras de derechos humanos y adelantaron una batalla por verdad, justicia, reparación y garantías de no repetición. Años después, el grupo derivó en un colectivo llamado MAFAPO, que significa Madres de ‘Falsos Positivos’ de Soacha y Bogotá. Ellas llevan a cabo una batalla contra el olvido, dando visibilidad a unos hechos que tenían un espacio de escucha limitado y que aún son negados por ciertos sectores afines al uribismo. Esta investigación indaga en las formas a través de las cuales se ha movilizado esa memoria, concentrándose en el colectivo y teniéndolas a ellas como eje articulador: presta atención a los objetivos que persiguen, las transformaciones en sus subjetividades, los vínculos con el Estado y otras organizaciones defensoras de derechos humanos. Para ello, se ponen en tensión su memoria y las condiciones en las que emerge y se desarrolla su lucha. La investigación combina herramientas propias de los estudios sobre memoria, la antropología y la historia oral.
La rama madura: un modelo de producción de yerba mate utilizado en La Piporé
Authors:   , Gallardo Roque
Published: August 2020

La Promoción y Difusión del Sistema de Cosecha de Rama Madura en Yerba Mate para el sector de pequeños productores es una de las actividades promocionadas con mayor énfasis desde los Organismos Públicos de Extensión para este sector, pero la adopción de esta técnica es muy escasa. En este contexto, el presente trabajo analiza las causas o factores que influyen en este fenómeno, tales como actores influyentes en la adopción o no de esta nueva técnica y los mecanismos de extensión que entran en juego. Para ello, se toma el enfoque teórico metodológico al Actor-red, el cual nos brinda elementos necesarios para analizar y reconstruir el proceso de innovación de la cosecha de la yerba mate. A través del estudio de caso en la Cooperativa Piporé, por medio de entrevistas a diferentes actores, participación en jornadas de capacitación, visitas a campo para analizar la utilización de la técnica de cosecha se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: en el terreno, para la traducción del modelo de la rama madura es importante el capataz de corte, quien debe conocer en detalle el procedimiento, es un actor que controla y aplica la rama madura. Asimismo, es un método que implica inversión en tiempo de no cosechar, capacitación y seguimiento por parte de los productores a los contratistas y trabajadores que ejecutan la cosecha. En el caso de estudio, es un método exitoso, consecuencia del alto nivel de la instrucción en terreno de los actores y el acompañamiento de los extensionistas promotores de la propuesta, junto con los técnicos de los I+D. Asimismo, en la cooperativa, es importante la estabilidad laboral y la limitada rotación del personal de cosecha. En otros lugares la situación es diferente por diversas circunstancias que van desde los intereses desencontrados de los que realizan el trabajo y los dueños de los yerbales. La falta de atención a la cosecha que proporcionan los yerbateros son condicionantes en la aplicación del método. Además, aparecen en el complejo yerbatero los “tenedores” de yerba mate, que venden sus producciones de acuerdo a la necesidad o no de dinero, no viven de la actividad yerbatera. Estos en general no se comprometen con el sector. Entre las conclusiones que se llegaron con este trabajo, se pueden nombrar que la adopción de la rama madura no depende solamente del mayor o menor involucramiento que puedan tener los promotores de la rama madura, sino que también entran en tensión las empresas yerbateras que no promueven estos métodos a sus proveedores de hoja verde. Además, los intereses y el grado de estabilidad del sector trabajador son importantes a la hora de establecer nuevos métodos de cosecha.
Hongos patógenos de la mosca blanca (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors:   , D'Alessandro Celeste Paola
Published: August 2020

En la República Argentina, la “mosca blanca” es considerada una de las plagas más importantes en la producción agrícola nacional. Una de las especies predominantes de “mosca blanca” es Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), la cual ha sido citado en la provincia de Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Corrientes, Entre Ríos y Buenos Aires, afectando plantaciones de soja, algodón y cultivos hortícolas. Otra especie que se destaca en nuestro país es Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) que se encuentra mayoritariamente en cultivos hortícolas bajo cubierta ubicados en la provincia de Santa Fe y Buenos Aires. El método de control más utilizado para la “mosca blanca” es la aplicación de insecticidas químicos, sin embargo, este tipo de manejo presenta grandes problemas, porque esta plaga desarrolla resistencia a varios insecticidas, a lo cual se suma el impacto de estos productos sobre el medio ambiente. En las últimas décadas surgió un creciente interés en el desarrollo de métodos alternativos, como por el ejemplo el uso de hongos entomopatógenos. Estos hongos son considerados excelentes candidatos como agentes de control biológico, ya que pueden infectar a los insectos directamente a través de la penetración de la cutícula, presentan dispersión activa y pasiva, persistencia en el medio, tolerancia a factores adversos debido al desarrollo de esporas de resistencia, y su manipulación en cultivos in vitro es relativamente fácil. En la Argentina existen varias referencias sobre la presencia y el uso de hongos patógenos de insectos plaga, sin embargo, existen pocos estudios referentes a los hongos patógenos de la “mosca blanca”. En base a este contexto se decidió plantear como objetivo general el estudio de la diversidad, patogenicidad y variación estacional de los hongos patógenos de la “mosca blanca” en cultivos hortícolas de la República Argentina.