bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overdose escalation and the pandemic: An urgent reminder to innovate Canada’s response to the opioid epidemic
Authors: Rusu Denisa
Published: February 2021

A ‘dual crisis’ situation in Canada has gained more attention in the past two months, as deaths by overdose have reached record highs within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic overtaking the opioid epidemic. Given the already dire state of the prevailing overdose crisis (with no sustainable gains in improving mortality rates despite being declared a national emergency in 2016, expanded harm reduction and access to treatment), this acute spike is an urgent reminder of the unsustainability of the current system, in this case demonstrated by its inability to withstand stress.

Under this premise, this article reviews recent literature on possible factors contributing to the present surge in overdoses, with the aim of identifying pre-existing systemic issues exacerbated in the past months of pandemic response. Sociopolitical issues were found to be most contributory; specifically, legal restrictions to innovative, evidence-based approaches to harm reduction (i.e. “safe supply” programs and decriminalization of drug use) based in stigmatizing attitudes. An overview of potential ways these issues may be addressed by innovative initiatives (both current and proposed) is included. Advocacy leading to prompt expansion of such interventions may help address the alarming rise in opioid-related mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic and promote a more progressive and sustainable approach to the overdose crisis.
Determination of TLQP-21 Neuropeptide Plasma Level in Morbid Obese
Authors: Koç Gülşah , Soyocak Ahu , Kankaya Burak , Alis Halil
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to measure TLQP-21 neuropeptide plasma levels, which is thought to be effective in preventing or treating obesity in morbidly obese and normal weight healthy individuals, and to make a comparison between both groups. METHODS: Fifty-one morbidly obese patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m2 and above and 22 healthy individuals of normal weight with a BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 without any metabolic disease were included in the study. Enzyme- linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) test was performed on plasma samples taken from all individuals participating in the study. All data were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Although it was observed that TLQP-21 peptide values in morbidly obese individuals increased compared to healthy individuals with normal weight, this increase was not statistically significant (p>0.05) (p=0.718). The amount of TLQP-21 peptide was also evaluated according to gender distributions in the whole study group, but any statistically significant difference was not determined. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there is no difference in plasma levels of TLQP-21 neuropeptide, which is thought to play a key role in the treatment of obesity, in mordidly obese and healthy individuals.
Can High Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratios at Presentation Predict Sustained Elevation of CRP Levels in Pediatric Patients with Septic Arthritis?
Authors: Ergin Ömer Naci , Koç Başak , Özmen Emre
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: Septic arthritis is a surgical emergency that can result in significant morbidity if not treated promptly and appropriately. With appropriate surgical and antibiotic therapy, inflammatory markers are expected to rapidly normalize in the patients with septic arthritis. Lack of or slow normalization may signify treatment failure. Our aim was to investigate if high neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte values can be used to predict sustained elevation of CRP levels. METHODS: Fifty-seven pediatric patients operated in our clinic with the diagnosis of septis athritis between 2003 and 2016 were included in the study. Neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts as well as CRP and ESR values at presentation, 1 and 2 weeks were scanned Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte values were calculated. RESULTS: Average age of the patients were 7 years (1 month-16 years).Of the 57 patients 41 were male (71.9%) and 16 were female (28.1%).The knee was the affected joint in 38 cases (66.7%) and hip in 19 cases (33.3%). Left and right sides were affected in 29 (50.9%) cases and in 28 cases (49.1%), respectively.Average neutrophil count at presentation was (1,1-34,9), platelet 425,7 (31-830) and lymphocyte 3.1 (0,1-9,8).CRP at 14 days was on average 38 (3-164) mg/dL. ROC curve analysis showed that a threshold level of neutrophil-lymphocyte>4,3 at presentation is 71% sensitive and 70%spesific for CRP levels >20 mg/L at 2 weeks. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A threshold of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio of >4.3 at presentation is fairly sensitive and specific for prediction of CRP levels above >20 mg/L at 2 weeks. Possibility of slow normalization and even persistence of higher levels of CRP, in this patient group should be kept in mind.
Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Terms of Endoscopic, Pathological and Laboratory Findings
Authors: Erçetin Candaş , Dural Ahmet Cem , Yiğitbaş Hakan , Yavuz Erkan , Çelebi Fatih , Borucu İsmail , Bilgen Özcan Tevhide , Aliş Halil
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) has been shown to play a role in the development of chronic active gastritis, atrophic gastritis, gastrointestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and gastric cancer, respectively. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the patients who underwent endoscopic examination in terms of endoscopic, pathological and laboratory (Hemogram and iron values) findings. METHODS: Between 2015 and 2016, 359 patients who were requested endoscopic examination and laboratory examination due to gastrointestinal system complaints were included in the study. RESULTS: In the intergroup evaluation [Group I (H.pylori (+)) - Group II (H.pylori (-))]; age was 43±13.6 years in Group I and 47.7±16.7 years in Group II (p=0.004). Iron binding capacity was found as 319.3±74.9 μg/dl in Group I and 293.7±82.4 μg/dl in Group II (p=0.002). When the presence of ulcer in the bulbus is evaluated; there were 49 cases in Group I and 32 cases in Group II (p=0.01). Neutrophil infiltration was found to be higher in Group I patients (p=0.000). In the correlation analysis of the presence of H.pylori; Neutrophil infiltration, presence of ulcer in the bulbus, iron binding capacity was positively, and age was negatively correlated. In the presence of chronic inflammation, although statistically significance was not detected (r=.102, p=0.054), it’s remarkable in terms of positive correlation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Especially in young adults, together with pathological findings, an increase in iron binding capacity can be used as leading values for the development of anemia of unknown etiology. However, new studies are required to support this finding.
Remarks on Rule H
Authors: Drummond Alex
Published: February 2021

Fox (2000) argues that a single principle, Rule H, can account for (i) Strong Crossover, (ii) the ban on using co-binding to sneak around Condition B, and (iii) the Dahl paradigm. The focus of this paper is Fox’s analysis of the Dahl paradigm. Though elegant and appealing, the analysis faces both conceptual and empirical problems. On the conceptual side, the analysis assumes that a bound pronoun within an elided VP must be bound in a structurally parallel configuration to its counterpart in the antecedent VP. This requirement does not follow from independently-motivated constraints on VP ellipsis. On the empirical side, Roelofsen (2011) has turned up additional ellipsis phenomena that do not pattern as Fox’s analysis predicts. I will argue that a relatively minor modification to Fox’s analysis suffices to solve both the conceptual and empirical problems. Taking inspiration from Kehler & Büring (2008), I increase the domain of application of Rule H to include syntactic structures which underlie Focus Semantic Values, so that Rule H acts as a filter on Focus Semantic Values. The only relevant constraint on VP ellipsis is an independently-motivated Rooth-style contrast constraint.
CONTROLE EXTERNO E MEIO AMBIENTE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Magalhães Prates João Batista Magalhães , Neto Junior Luiz Barbosa , Fogaça de Almeida Marco Antonio Costenaro , De Cristo Alves Welton Carlos
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho recupera uma importante CPI (Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito) da ALESP (Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo) na tentativa de retraçar a sua história e analisar, à luz do presente, as suas repercussões. Aponta para o poder legislativo como importante indutor e condutor da opinião pública, além de agente provocador de mudanças socioambientais, buscando aproximar o leitor dos estudos em administração pública e fornecer elementos básicos de compreensão sobre a estrutura e funcionamento do poder legislativo, em abordagem multidisciplinar. O estudo termina com a projeção de aumento dos casos de contaminação bem como com a constatação da falta de vontade política, à época e desde então, em exercer o controle ambiental de maneira efetiva, em detrimento da “competitividade” da atividade produtiva, tendo os mecanismos institucionais de controle eficácia limitada e relativa à composição de interesses em cada casa legislativa.
PROMOÇÃO DE SAÚDE E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL NO TERRITÓRIO
Authors: Daufenback Vanessa , Mussoi Milena Regina , Trevisan Nóbrega Martins Ruthes Victoria Beatriz
Published: February 2021

O presente relato descreve o processo de construção de experiências de educação em saúde em um território da região metropolitana de Curitiba-PR, caracterizada por grandes vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas e urbanas. Considerando os princípios e diretrizes da Promoção de Saúde, estas ações educativas tiveram como objetivo o incentivo ao alcance da soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional por parte de grupos vulneráveis do território de uma Unidade de Saúde, sendo realizadas por residentes do Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família da Universidade Federal do Paraná no período de 2017-2019. Como resultados, estas ações alcançaram dimensões relativas à Promoção de Saúde, destacando-se os seguintes eixos: formação e educação permanente, incentivo à alimentação adequada e saudável, criação de ambientes e territórios saudáveis, desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais, estímulo à autonomia, respeito à diversidade cultural, reforço à ação comunitária, fortalecimento da participação social e promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável.
SABERES ETNOBOTÂNICOS: À BEIRA DO ESQUECIMENTO OU RUMO À RESILIÊNCIA?
Authors: Horokoski Gisele Francisca , Santos Aretusa Porcionato dos , Oliveira Monique Andressa de
Published: February 2021

Acredita-se que o Brasil possui a maior diversidade genética vegetal do planeta. Nesse contexto, refletimos a Etnobotânica como ciência multidisciplinar que considera a percepção, o manejo e a classificação dos vegetais, com o estudo das relações dos povos com as plantas e suas contribuições para a concepção de saúde. Sendo assim, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, nosso objetivo foi trazer neste artigo discussões em torno do desafio de promover a visibilidade e a valorização dos saberes etnobotânicos, apresentando recortes etnográficos obtidos em três pesquisas apresentadas ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Rede Nacional para o Ensino das Ciências Ambientais, da Associada UFPR. Como resultado das reflexões geradas no decorrer das pesquisas, propomos como linhas de discussões que podem se abrir com a valorização e visibilidade dos saberes etnobotânicos: o auto reconhecimento dos sujeitos, que leva ao pertencimento e a resiliência; respeito aos sujeitos e aos seus povos e culturas que manifestam esses saberes; representatividade política e acesso a políticas públicas quando incluídos em grupos étnicos, o que garantiria as práticas culturais, principalmente ligados ao trabalho; e o valor intrínseco da importância das plantas para a saúde, tendo como meio a alimentação saudável e o uso de plantas medicinais no auxílio a prevenção e tratamento de doenças. Concluímos que a valorização e visibilidade dos saberes etnobotânicos além de trazer os sujeitos ausentes, pessoas que detêm esses conhecimentos, para o diálogo de saberes, faz com que aos poucos eles possam se reinventar, caminhando junto com a modernidade, a ciência e a tecnologia, sem perder suas identidades. Ou a modernidade, a ciência e tecnologia caminhando junto a eles.
SMARTS CITIES, SAÚDE E SUSTENTABILIDADE: UMA BREVE REVISÃO
Authors: Santos Daniela Alves Cardeal dos , Clemente Augusto Junior , Perini Márcia Rejane Chitolina , Martinez Iris Nabolotnyj , Rosa Caroline Santos da
Published: February 2021

A terminologia “cidades inteligentes” foi incorporada pelas Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) para direcionar indicadores sobre o impacto de uma cidade “conectada” com as pessoas. O presente ensaio visa apresentar uma reflexão sobre esta temática com o enfoque sobre os aspectos da saúde pública e do desenvolvimento sustentável que permeiam a efetivação de políticas públicas adequadas à promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida nos cenários das comunidades contemporâneas. A relevância desse estudo contribui para a reflexão, a motivação e a mobilização de subsídios práticos e teóricos sobre as cidades, motivando o uso adequado dos recursos econômicos, combinados com o bem-estar da vida dos habitantes e com a diminuição da emissão de poluentes, o que corresponde a efetivação de políticas públicas voltadas às necessidades de melhoria de vida da população.
Intrapreneurship, Innovation, and Competitiveness in Organization
Authors: Morais Greiciele Macedo , Santos Valdeci Ferreira dos , Tolentino Renata De Sousa da Silva , Martins Henrique Cordeiro
Published: February 2021

To ensure survival, seize opportunities, and resist threats in the unpredictable business scenario, companies increasingly adopt practices that enable intra-entrepreneur behavior. This behavior is characterized by the alignment of company members in search of innovative solutions for the development of the organization and building a competitive advantage. The current study reflects on the importance of intra-entrepreneurship and innovation for the competitiveness of the organization. This article discusses the development of intra-entrepreneurship, its characteristics, the factors that precede it, and also reflects on the relationship between intra-entrepreneurship, innovation, and competitiveness of organizations. The methodological approach consisted of a systematic descriptive-discursive review of the academic literature with research in databases (CAPES Journal Portal, EBSCO HOST, and Web of Science). The keywords used were: corporate entrepreneurship, intra-entrepreneurship, innovation, competitiveness, and competitive advantage (in Portuguese and English). The research found that intra-entrepreneurship and innovation go hand in hand. Together, they constitute dynamic and holistic processes in which employee behavior, combined with favorable organizational factors, affect the development of organizations and the possibility of developing a competitive advantage, not limited to new companies. This article contributes to the literature on intra-entrepreneurship, reinforcing its importance, along with innovation for organizational development. As a practical implication, the current work demonstrated the need to increase attention and appreciation of human capital as a strategic factor for achieving competitive advantage in organizations. For future research, we suggest seeking quantitative research that confirms the relationship between intra-entrepreneurship, innovation, and organizational performance.
Central government and earthquake prediction
Authors: Roberts J. L.
Published: February 2021

Note: This is a background paper raising the problem of central government‘s obligations in the event that advice should be received by an appropriate Minister that reputable scientists believe there should be consideration of the consequences for public policy of earthquake prediction. It is not intended that it should be presented at the Seminar but the author believes that these general reflections may be of some interest to the participants.
Summary of evening discussion
Authors: Editor
Published: February 2021

Proceedings of the seminar on the social and economic effects of earthquake prediction, 12 October, 1977.
The Principal Eigenvalue Problems for Perturbed Fractional Laplace Operators
Authors: Zhao Guangyu
Published: February 2021

We study a variety of basic properties of the principal eigenvalue of a perturbed fractional Laplace operator and weakly coupled cooperative systems involving fractional Laplace operators. Our work extends a number of well-known properties regarding the principal eigenvalues of linear second-order elliptic operators with Dirichlet boundary condition to perturbed fractional Laplace operators. The establish results are also utilized to investigate the spatio-temporary dynamics of population models.
Automatic Detection of COVID-19 in X-Ray Images Using Fully-Connected Neural Networks
Authors: De Carvalho Élisson , Malta Raian , Coelho Alessandra , Baffa Matheus
Published: February 2021

The coronavirus pandemic remains a problem of worldwide interest. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is difficult due to its high rate of occurrence and the limited number of test kits. Medical imaging is already widespread and has been used to quickly provide lung visualization. It’s needed some expertise from the radiologist to detect elements in the image that allow differentiating the sick and healthy patterns. Therefore, our goal with this paper is to provide a computer-aided diagnosis tool to help radiologists to accurately diagnose the COVID-19 using XRay images. For that, a model based on Fully-Connected Neural Networks was proposed for the detection of patients infected with coronavirus, through the analysis of texture characteristics, such as Haralick and Threshold Adjacency Statistics (TAS) descriptors, extracted from chest X-Ray images. Using 10-Fold Cross-Validation, the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 98.39%, showing itself as an option to aid the disease diagnosis.
Segmentation of fish chromosomes in microscopy images: A new dataset
Authors: Rodrigues Rodrigo , Pasa Rubens , Kavalco Karine , Mari João Fernando
Published: February 2021

The chromosome segmentation is the most important step in automatic karyotype assembling. In this work, we presented a brand new chromosome image dataset and proposed methods for segmenting the chromosomes. Chromosome images are usually low quality, especially fish chromosomes. In order to overcome this issue, we tested three filters to reduce noise and improve image quality. After filtering, we applied adaptive threshold segmentation combined with mathematical morphology and supervised classification methods. Support Vector Machine and k-nearest neighbors were applied to discriminate between chromosomes and image background. The proposed method was applied to segment chromosomes in a new dataset. To enable measure the performance of the methods all chromosomes were manually delineated. The results are evaluated considering the Hausdorff distance and normalized sum of distances between segmented and reference images.
MS-DIAL: Multi-Source Domain Alignment Layers for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
Authors: Alvarenga e Silva Lucas Fernando , Almeida Jurandy
Published: February 2021

In general, deep neural networks trained on a given labeled dataset are expected to produce equivalent results when tested on a new unlabeled dataset. However, data are generally collected by different devices or under varying conditions and thus they often are not part of a same domain, yielding poor results. This is due to the domain shift between data distributions and has been the goal of a research area known as unsupervised domain adaptation. Many prior works have been designed to transfer knowledge between two domains: one source to one target. Since data may be taken from different sources and with different distributions, multi-source domain adaptation has received increasing attention. This paper presents the Multi-Source DomaIn Alignment Layers (MS-DIAL), which reduce the domain shift between multiple sources and a given target by embedding domain alignment layers in any given network. Except for the embedded layers, all the other network parameters are shared among all domains, saving processing time and memory usage. Experiments were performed on digit and object recognition tasks with five public datasets widely used to evaluate domain adaptation methods. Results show that the proposed method is promising and outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
Water Tanks and Swimming Pools Detection in Satellite Images: Exploiting Shallow and Deep-Based Strategies
Authors: Fernandes Eduardo , Wildemberg Pedro , Dos Santos Jefersson
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to study and to evaluate two distinct approaches for detecting water tanks and swimming pools in satellite images, which can be useful to monitor waterrelated diseases. The first approach, shallow, consists of using a Support Vector Machine in order to classify into positive and negative a discretized color histogram of a given segment of the original image. The second method employs the Faster R-CNN framework for detecting those objects. We built up swimming pools and water tanks datasets over the city of Belo Horizonte to support our experimental analysis. Our results show that the deep learning method greatly outperforms the shallow strategy, achieving an average precision at 0.5 IoU of over 93% on the swimming pool detection task, and over 73% on the water tank one. All the code and datasets are publicly available.
Braille character detection using deep neural networks for an educational robot for visually impaired people
Authors: Gonçalves Diego , Santos Gabriel , Campos Márcia , Amory Alexandre , Manssour Isabel
Published: February 2021

Teaching computer programming to the visually impaired is a difficult task that has sparked a great deal of interest, in part due to its specific demands. Robotics has been one of the strategies adopted to help in this task. One system that uses robotics to teach programming for the visually impaired, called Donnie, has as its key part the need to detect Braille characters in a scaled-down environment. In this paper, we investigate the current state-of-the-art in Braille letter detection based on deep neural networks. For such, we provide a novel public dataset with 2818 labeled images of Braille characters, classified in the letters of the alphabet, and we present a comparison among some recent detection methods. As a result, the proposed Braille letters detection method could be used to assist in teaching programming for blind students using a scaled-down physical environment. The proposal of EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) pieces with pins to represent Braille letters in this environment is also a contribution.
Analysis of futsal matches using a single-camera computer vision system
Authors: Paulichen Heloiza , Zielinski Kallil , Casanova Dalcimar , Cavalcanti Pablo
Published: February 2021

The use of computer systems in sports has increased significantly in the last decade. Consequently, systems have been developed to help each athlete or team quantify their performance, such as distances traveled, speeds attained, and positions where each athlete was on the court or field. In this work, a method based on computer vision is proposed to analyse futsal matches. Videos were acquired using a single camera with a wide-angle lens, which facilitates the installation and calibration process in different matches and arenas. The approach is illustrated through video recordings of Pato Futsal team, from which the athletes were detected, their positions projected from pixels to real world coordinates their trajectories estimated. The generated data visualization aims to help coaches in their physical and tactical analysis.
Zwischen Erwartungsinflation und Qualitätssicherung im dualen Studium
Authors: Kupferschmidt Frank , Blum Sarah
Published: February 2021

Die systematische Verzahnung von Theorie und Praxis ist unstrittig der zentrale Erfolgsfaktor dualer Studiengänge, aber gleichzeitig eine ebenso komplexe wie sensible Schnittstelle. Die Autoren erheben und diskutieren am Fallbeispiel des dualen Studiengangs Public Management B.A. Erwartungen aus der Praxis im kommunalen Finanzwesen an dessen Ausbildungsinhalte. In einer im Spannungsfeld zwischen Spezialisierung und Generalisierung konzipierten Befragung bewerteten kommunale Praktiker die Ausbildungsrelevanz von berufspraktischen Kompetenzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zum einen eine relativ ausdifferenzierte Bewertung von fachspezifischen Kompetenzen mit einem harten Kern von Fachwissen. Zum anderen verdeutlichen die Ergebnisse die hohe Bedeutung von generalistischen Kompetenzen, die in der Konsequenz eine breite curriculare Entsprechung erfordern. Die Auflösung dieses Zielkonflikts verlangt adäquate Instrumente der Qualitätssicherung für duale Studiengänge, wie sie im aktuellen Forschungsstand vorgeschlagen werden.
Burnout und Boreout in der öffentlichen Verwaltung
Authors: Wüstner Kerstin
Published: February 2021

Daten von Krankenkassen weisen mit Blick auf Arbeitsunfähigkeitsanalysen auf die Relevanz von psychischen Störungen hin. Besonders ausgeprägt ist dies in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Psychische Störungen können - neben anderen Ursachen - auch durch langanhaltendes Erschöpfungserleben im Arbeitskontext mitbedingt sein. Dieser Beitrag setzt an dieser Stelle an und greift mit Burnout und Boreout zwei Beispiele heraus, bei denen das Wohlbefinden, die Gesundheit und die Leistungsfähigkeit eingeschränkt sein können. Beide sollten mit ihren jeweiligen Besonderheiten von Führungskräften sowie im Bereich des Personal- und Gesundheitsmanagements berücksichtigt werden, um negative Folgen für Betroffene, ihr Arbeitsumfeld und die Organisation zu vermeiden.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Life Satisfaction, and Stress Management
Authors: Gül Necmettin
Published: February 2021

This study examines whether students’ stress management levels from Azerbaijan and Turkey are predicted by life satisfaction and emotional intelligence and differ by gender. The research was conducted with the participation of 435 university students. The research data were obtained through the Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Coping with Stress Scale. The study results found that university students’ emotional intelligence, life satisfaction, and stress management significantly differed by gender. In the path analysis, where stress management was the dependent variable, it was found that the combination of emotional intelligence and life satisfaction of the students in Azerbaijan did not predict stress management at a significant level, whereas for the students in Turkey, the combination of these two variables was shown to predict stress management at a significant level. Finally, it was observed that emotional intelligence and life satisfaction explained 18% of the variance in stress management.
Neo-Orientalism or Neo-Imperialism? Islamism in a Globalized World: Prayers for the Assassin as a Case Study of Contemporary American Novel
Authors: Altwaiji Mubarak
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with some aspects of neo-orientalism in the modern American novel highlighted in much conventional political and literary studies and conceptualized both as a composite of cultural studies and a western ideology. When applied to the post 9/11 American novel analysis, neo-orientalism uses terrorism as a significant aspect of a much broader reaction to Islamists’ threats living in the United States and Europe. It is common in neo-orientalist discourse about extremism to refer to Islamism as a threat to nations and therefore, it is important to find how the American novel represents the Muslims and how vigorously acts with the state in its fight against terror. This paper focuses on contemporary issues on Arabs represented in Robert Ferrigno’s Prayers for the Assassin (2006), such as extremism, women’s rights, hostility, and identity, common themes in post 9/11 novel on the Muslims. Moreover, this study attempts to answer two questions: Has there been a change in the representation of Muslims in the American novel after nineteen years from 9/11, and has American media coverage affected the representation of the Muslims in the novel? In the analysis of Prayers for the Assassin, Muslim characters are victimers and victimized at the same time; they live out the contradiction of being victims of post 9/11 anti-Muslim representations and being arrogant and aggressive towards the non-Muslims.
The Tracées of René Ménil
Authors: Gunaratne Anjuli I. ,   Caribbean Philosophical Association
Published: February 2021

The figure of the tracée is significant for Ménil’s understanding of spatio-temporality, an understanding upon which rest, so this essay argues, his concepts of critique, poetic knowledge, and literary form. The argument takes as its starting point the work Ménil did to conceptualize history as the poesis of recuperation. In doing so, the essay argues for a renewed understanding of Ménil’s contribution to Caribbean philosophy as a whole. One of the most important components of this contribution, the essay claims, is the manner in which Ménil shifts the focus from how linguistic and cultural identity forms in the Antilles to how history appears. What this means is that Ménil works to displace the centrality of folklore and orality to the construction of Antillean identity in order to imagine how Antillean culture comes also to be expressed non-discursively. In Ménil’s work, this displacement occurs primarily by his re-thinking the relationship of architecture to literature. Re-thinking this relationship entails for Ménil recuperating the traces of an Antillean “past passed over,” which unexpectedly appear in both architectural structures and literary works. Paying attention to this particular and peculiar intellectual focus in Ménil’s work, this essay ultimately reconsiders the roles played by both discursive and non-discursive arts in the constitution of a decolonized aesthetics in the Antilles.
Language and Being(s)
Authors: Astrachan Isabel ,   Caribbean Philosophical Association
Published: February 2021

In the mid-twentieth century, many philosophers took up as their aim the destruction of Western metaphysics. Martinican philosopher, novelist, poet, and playwright Édouard Glissant and German philosopher Martin Heidegger were two such authors. Driven by a profound dissatisfaction with the logocentrism of Western metaphysics and concerns over what the tradition excluded—for Glissant, the experience of the creolized and post-colonial subject, and for Heidegger, the “Question of Being”—both advocated for more creative engagement with language and advanced particular views about the link between language and Being. Through a comparative examination of the two authors’ poetics, I aim to “unconceal” an implicit dialogue between their views. I conclude by considering the implications of a key exchange in this proposed dialogue: Glissant’s substitution of Relation for Heideggerean Being. I suggest that this exchange and Glissant’s substitution make plain the problematic tendency in Western philosophy to promote an exclusionary view under the guise of universal truth, that it provides Caribbean philosophy with a greater vocabulary through which to further “produce” itself, and that it is better suited to allow for a process of unceasing transformation and creolization, in contrast to a Western philosophical emphasis on fixity.
Annie John: Analysis of Becoming a Woman and The Caribbean Mother-Daughter Relationship
Authors: John Anique ,   Caribbean Philosophical Association
Published: February 2021

The dynamic mother-daughter relationship can be loving and supportive at best as well as contentious and tragic. It is a relationship predicated on maternal instinct which can provide direction and support for deep insight into notions of womanhood, personal and political philosophies. However, in providing this guidance, ironically this same maternal guidance can act to stifle the growth of an adolescent daughter as she transitions into womanhood. Jamaica Kincaid’s ‘Annie John’ can be seen as an exemplar of this transition. Annie has to contend with not only her mother’s maternal pressure on her to conform, but she must also adhere to cultural expectations of a creolized culture predicated on both Africana and British understandings of femininity, social expectations, womanhood, and etiquette. This challenges Annie’s own emerging philosophy and desire for independence and self-definition. As discussed in this paper, success can be achieved outside and beyond the mother-daughter dynamic once a daughter has had the opportunity to consider, realize, (and if necessary) defy the hypocrisy of being encouraged to be independent whilst being forced to follow one’s mother’s notion of womanhood. In a valiant attempt to avoid the tragedy of replicating her mother’s own flaws, Annie John’s personal growth was no easy feat and created at times a contentious dynamic. However, this journey not only facilitated her success and independence so that she could travel beyond the shores of Antigua, it demonstrated an independence of thought that African Caribbean creolized women must experience in order to realize their own success.
Unintentional Reverse Transfer from L2 (English) to L1 (Spanish) in Tertiary Levels
Authors: Luque Agulló Gloria
Published: February 2021

This study attempts to reveal whether there is unintentional reverse transfer L2→L1 (English-Spanish) in the oral L1 production of university learners in formal contexts. The languages used by learners influence each other, and this transfer may occur from the first to the second language (direct transfer), or from the second to the first (reverse transfer), the focus of this work. Thus, an exploratory study was implemented with two groups of participants with different L2 proficiency levels. They had to retell, using their L1, a soundless video. Their production was recorded, transcribed and examined. Consistent with other studies, results suggest unintentional reverse transfer occurs more frequently when there is a lower level of L2 competence, or, alternatively, its effects have a more evident negative outcome for these learners. Pedagogically speaking, being able to identify successful reverse transfer strategies with a positive outcome may have important implications for bilingual educational contexts.
Panorámica de la trilogía cine, historia y educación en España (1995-2020)
Authors: Fuentes-Moreno Concha , Ambrós-Pallarés Alba
Published: February 2021

Se realiza una síntesis analítica de las principales líneas de trabajo que se han gestado en los últimos 25 años sobre el cine y el aprendizaje de la historia. Se revisa la literatura desde una perspectiva histórica mediante el uso de bases de datos, organizando las salidas en tres categorías. En la primera categoría, historia y cine, se agrupan las investigaciones relacionadas con la aceptación del cine como fuente histórica y como testimonio de una época. Una segunda categoría concentra los trabajos sobre historia, cine y educación, englobando las siguientes temáticas: cine y currículum escolar; cine de ficción y no ficción y cine como constructor de identidades. La tercera categoría se focaliza en el uso del cine en el aula de historia considerando aspectos didácticos relevantes. Los resultados demuestran que las recientes investigaciones reivindican el cine como instrumento de análisis y reflexión sobre el pasado como otra fuente histórica más, así como vía para fomentar el análisis crítico y empático propios de la competencia ciudadana. Del mismo modo, existe una tendencia que defiende la inclusión de la educación mediática y la alfabetización cinematográfica dentro de la educación formal y la formación inicial y permanente de todos los docentes.

The aim of the paper consists on an analytical synthesis of the main lines of research that have been developed in the last 25 years on the teaching of history with films. A systematic review of the literature inside databases from a historical perspective has been the followed methodology. The analysis has been structured in three categories. The first one, called history and cinema, evidences the existence of a research line focused on the acceptance of cinema as a historical source and also as witness of an Era. The second one relates history, films and education, and three more lines emerge from it: films and curriculum; fiction and non-fiction films, and using films as a constructor of identities. The third and last category is based on the use of films in the History classroom attending on methodological relevant aspects. The core results of the analysis point at two complementary directions. First, the vindication of films as a tool of analysis and reflection on the past as a historical source. Second, the acceptance of films as an instrument to promote critical and empathetic analysis of citizenship competence. Similarly, there is a trend that advocates the inclusion of media education and film literacy within formal education and the initial and ongoing training of all teachers.
L’émergence du patrimoine industriel en Europe comme champ de recherche
Authors: Belot Robert
Published: February 2021

Maurice Daumas (1910-1984) est un fondateur, mais dont on a désappris le nom. Conservateur au Conservatoire national des Arts & Métiers à Paris, puis titulaire de la première Chaire d’histoire des techniques, il a dirigé la monumentaleHistoire générale des techniques(PUF, 1968-1979). C’est lui qui a fait entrer le patrimoine industriel dans le champ académique français en fondant la revueL’Archéologie industrielle en Franceet en publiant en 1980 un livre qui porte le même titre. Dans ce livre, Daumas évoque, notamment, les très riches heures de l’histoire industrielle de la région stéphanoise. Suite à la découverte récente des archives de l’enquête nationale qu’il a conduite sur plusieurs années pour documenter son livre, nous proposons d’étudier la manière dont il a abordé l’héritage industriel stéphanois, en mettant à jour la méthodologie qu’il a utilisée et les réseaux locaux sur lesquels il s’est appuyé.In fine, il s’agit d’observer la naissance d’un champ de recherche en France et en Europe : l’archéologie industrielle.
La patrimonialisation de l’héritage industriel comme stratégie de valorisation
Authors: Houllier-Guibert Charles-Edouard , Mortelette Camille
Published: February 2021

Le marketing territorial valorise les espaces en reposant sur différentes idéologies territoriales parmi lesquelles, le patrimoine industriel dispose de quelques avantages. D’une part, il permet de positionner un territoire dans son ancrage historique tout en montrant le caractère révolu d’un passé difficile. D’autre part, il met en valeur différents paysages (bâti, naturel, objet technique) qui justifient la conservation de traces lourdes difficiles à faire disparaître. L’étude de quatre terrains (Saint-Étienne, Montréal, Nantes et le bassin minier du Nord-Pas-de-Calais) présente la variété des types de territoire qui s’engagent dans cette voie (métropole, capitale régionale, petites villes portées par la politique régionale) à propos de sites tout aussi variés (concentrés ou multipolaires) montrant ainsi que le patrimoine industriel est facilement mobilisable comme levier stratégique de valorisation du territoire.
Incorporating Inter-System Bias in Single Point Positioning Based on GPS, Galileo and BeiDou System
Authors: Kwaśniak Dawid Łukasz , Cellmer Sławomir
Published: February 2021

The increasing number of satellites provides new opportunities. In the experiment presented in this paper, the Single Point Positioning technique is tested. Data from four different receivers were used in the tests. The GPS, Galileo and BeiDou System observations were collected over a three day long observational session. The computational process was carried out using self‑made software and point positions were obtained as the result. The goal of the test was to verify the impact of the Inter‑System Bias (ISB) on the final results. For this purpose, two cases of processing data were compared: with estimating ISB and without taking into account this parameter. In the paper the formulas of the mathematical models used are presented and, in both of the considered cases, a combination of GPS, BDS and Galileo was used. The results show that in the case where the ISB was taken into account, the accuracy and precision in the positioning was much better than in the approach where the ISB was not considered. Estimating the ISB allows for more precise positioning results to be obtained for car-navigation or GIS purposes.
Spatial modulation of visual responses arises in cortex with active navigation
Authors: Diamanti E Mika , Reddy Charu Bai , Schröder Sylvia , Muzzu Tomaso , Harris Kenneth D , Saleem Aman B , Carandini Matteo
Published: February 2021

During navigation, the visual responses of neurons in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) are modulated by the animal’s spatial position. Here we show that this spatial modulation is similarly present across multiple higher visual areas but negligible in the main thalamic pathway into V1. Similar to hippocampus, spatial modulation in visual cortex strengthens with experience and with active behavior. Active navigation in a familiar environment, therefore, enhances the spatial modulation of visual signals starting in the cortex.
Genetic diversity and structure of the narrow endemicSeseli farrenyi(Apiaceae): implications for translocation
Authors: Garcia-Jacas Núria , Requena Jèssica , Massó Sergi , Vilatersana Roser , Blanché Cèsar , López-Pujol Jordi
Published: February 2021

Seseli farrenyi(Apiaceae) is an extremely narrow endemic plant, which is considered as one of the species of most conservation concern in Catalonia (NW Mediterranean Basin). Given the accelerated fragmentation and reduction of population size (of over 90%), the environmental agency of Catalonia is currently preparing a recovery plan that includes reinforcements of the extant populations. The present study is aimed at providing the necessary knowledge to carry out genetically-informed translocations, by using microsatellites as genetic markers. Fourteen microsatellites have been specifically developed forS. farrenyi, of which nine have been used. Besides the extant natural populations, the three ex situ collections that are known to exist of this species have also been studied, as they would be the donor sources for translocation activities. Our main finding is that levels of genetic diversity in the natural populations ofS. farrenyiare still high (He= 0.605), most likely as a result of a predominantly outcrossing mating system in combination with the limited time elapsed since the population decline. However, population fragmentation is showing the first genetic signs, as the values of genetic differentiation are relatively high, and two well-differentiated genetic lineages have been found even in such a narrow geographic range. These genetic results provide important information when designing conservation management measures.
Rare Dysplastic Gangliocytoma of Cerebellum: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Nidhish , Singh Sharvani , Kumar Bipin
Published: February 2021

Lhermitte and Duclos first described Dysplastic Gangliocytoma in 1920. Lhermitte Duclos Disease (LDD) is an extremely rare disorder of uncertain prognosis and pathogenesis. LDD is recognised as a part of Cowden Disease, which being an autosomal-dominant phacomatosis and cancer syndrome. Till date only about 225 cases of LDD have currently been reported in medical literature. It is most commonly seen in young adults with a peak incidence in third or fourth decade with signs and symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction or increased intracranial pressure leading to obstructive hydrocephalus. A 36-year-old female came to Neuromedicine Outpatient Department (OPD) in a Tertiary Care Superspecialty Hospital with chief complaints of headache and vomiting, difficulty in swallowing liquid food since two months with no significant family history. The patient’s general condition was not good with significant weakness on presentation. The patient was conscious, oriented with pulse rate of 78/bpm, blood pressure of 118/80 mm of Hg with bilateral clear chest with normal S1 S2 sound. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was found to be Eye response-4, Verbal response-5, Motor response-6. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of patient showed large heterogeneous non-enhancing lesion involving left cerebellar hemisphere, vermis and cerebellar peduncle with widened cerebellar folia with a “Tigroid appearance”. A diagnosis of Cerebellar Gangliocytoma was made and was treated successfully with surgery and diagnostically proven with biopsy and immunohistochemistry. The background history of Cowden syndrome was not present in index case.
Processes to enhance the sensitivity of sensor for 2‐n‐octyl‐4‐isothiazolin‐3‐one as biocide
Authors: Rhyu Seung Yeon , Cho Younghyun , Kang Sang Wook
Published: February 2021

In this study, hydraulic treatment was performed to fabricate porous cellulose acetate (CA) membranes for application as adsorbents for impurities. For this purpose, porous CA membranes were prepared by applying a water pressure of 8 bar on CA dissolved in a mixed solvent of acetone and water. These porous polymers could separate impurities from 2‐n‐octyl‐4‐isothiazolin‐3‐one (OIT) by providing adsorption surfaces for the suspended impurities and allowed pure OIT to filter through the membrane; the filtered OIT may subsequently be used for octyl‐group quantification. After impurity adsorption, the degree of OIT permeation in the CA membrane and the adsorption mechanism of CA were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and water‐adsorption studies. Further, we analyzed the porous characteristics and behavior of CA by scanning electron microscopy and conducted thermogravimetric analysis to observe the physical and chemical changes occurring in the polymers.
Effect of hydrodynamic heterogeneity on micromixing intensification in a Taylor–Couette flow reactor with variable configurations of inner cylinder
Authors: Liu Lu , Yang Xiaogang , Yang Jie , Li Guang , Guo Yanqing
Published: February 2021

Effect of hydrodynamic heterogeneity on micromixing intensification in a Taylor–Couette flow (TC) reactor with variable configurations of inner cylinder has been investigated by adoption of a parallel competing iodide‐iodate reaction system. Two types of inner cylinder, circular inner cylinder and lobed inner cylinder (CTC and LTC), were used to generate hydrodynamic heterogeneity, focusing on the effects of the Reynolds number, the acid concentration, and the feeding time on the micromixing performance. Segregation index (Xs) was employed to evaluate the micromixing efficiency. It is revealed that Xs decreases with the increase of Reynolds number and feeding time but increases with the increase of acid concentration for both the CTC and LTC. However, the LTC does present a better micromixing performance at various operating conditions than that of the CTC as affirmed by both the experimental and computational fluid dynamics simulation results.