bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il canto del Servo (Is. 53) nell' opera di San Giustino
Authors: Bono Donato ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: October 2012

Following closely the footprint of the traditional New Testament reflection in Rom. 10,16 and in Io. 12,37 (= Is. 53,1), Justin inserts the poem of the SufferingServant (Is. 52,13-53,12) within his account of the paradoxical and problematic refusal of Israel (1 apol. 50,2.3-11; 51,1-5; 52,3), and within a impressive baptismal catechesis (dial. 13,2-9), the most primitive echo of which is seen in Act. 8,26-40. Notwithstanding the view offered by other scholars, the Christian hermeneutics of Is. 53, has played an incisive role in the theological reflection of the first Christian community. Justin witnesses to its use within a reflection that takes into consideration the tension and negativity among early Christians surrounding the relationship between the two Testaments. He overcomes this tension by pointing out the perfect harmony between them, the essence of which is found in the prophecy of the Servant of YHWH.
La lettera « Famuli uestrae pietatis » di Gelasio di Roma all'imperatore Anastasio I (CPL 1667, Ep. 8)
Authors: Ronzani Rocco ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: October 2012

The Gelasian letter, Famuli uestrae pietatis, addressed to Emperor Anastasius I (491-518), is famous for the so-called theory of two powers that has enjoyedconsiderable fortune and has received continual attention in the history and thought of the Latin West in view of its arguments about the relationshipbetween the Church and secular power. Scholars have been primarily interested in the Wirkungsgeschichte of the letter. Less frequently studied is the letter's specific religious context, characterized by the Acacian schism (484- 519), the dispute between the episcopal sees of Rome and Constantinople. This article seeks to situate this document from the late fifth-century Roman pontifical chancery in its specific historical and ecclesial context, and to provide a commentary on the entire letter. A brief, final chapter offers a synthetic excursus on the immediate reception of the text in the Early Middle Ages before the Gregorian Reform.
Ps-Rufinus (the “Syrian”) and the Vulgate
Authors: Dunphy Walter ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: October 2012

The name of Rufinus the Syrian (as presumed author of the Liber de Fide) is frequently given for the hitherto unidentified translator of part of the Vulgate New Testament. The evidence of the text of the Liber, however, does not support the claim that it is a witness to a Vulgate text. Furthermore, the biblical text in the Liber is frequently independent of even the Vetus Latina tradition, and shows close dependence on a Greek original. The use made of biblical proof-texts further points to Greek sources for the theology and anthropology presented in the Liber de Fide.
The Call to Perfection, financial Asceticism, and Jerome
Authors: Dunn Geoffrey D. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: October 2012

The encounter between Jesus and the rich young man in Mt. 19,16-30 (with parallels in Mc. 10,17-31 and Lc. 18,18-30) provides the setting for the teachingon the attaining of perfection, which is presented as a three-step process: the selling of one’s possessions, the distribution of the proceeds to the poor, andthe following of Christ (Mt. 19,21; Mc. 10,21; Lc. 18,22; and the unique Lukan saying in 12,33). It was a passage to which Jerome appealed frequently in hiswritings and which Finn, in his recent monograph, believes demonstrates Jerome’s extreme views. In this paper I shall examine Jerome’s references to this biblical passage in his letters and treatises to evaluate whether the first two steps in the process (self-dispossession and almsgiving) were consideredequally virtuous by Jerome.
Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism: What Is the Risk and How to Prevent It
Authors: Palareti Gualtiero
Published: October 2012

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) that includes deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism is a frequent, severe, and potentially lethal disease. After a first episode, VTE has a strong tendency to recur. While VTE is an acute disease, it may have variable outcomes in early and late phases after initial presentation. Furthermore, the incidence of late, clinically important consequences (postthrombotic syndrome and/or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension) increases in case of recurrent events. The aims of the present review are (i) to analyze the incidence and risk factors for recurrence of VTE (either those related to the type of first thrombotic event or to the patients), the risks associated with occurrence of recurrent events, and the problems linked to the diagnosis, not always easy, of recurrent events; (ii) to discuss whether or not it is possible to predict the individual risk of recurrence after a first event, by stratifying patients at high or low risk of recurrence, and how this can influence their treatment; (iii) to comment what the current guidelines and guidance suggest/recommend about anticoagulant treatment after a first VTE event and, finally, to propose practical indications on how to manage individual patients affected by VTE.
Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: From Key Regulators to Clinical Players
Authors: Fatica Alessandro
Published: October 2012

Recent analyses have shown that human cells transcribe almost their entire genomes, implying the existence of a huge mass of ncRNAs. At the present, microRNAs are the most investigated regulative non-coding RNAs. Several studies have demonstrated that microRNAs play a crucial role in hematopoietic differentiation and hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Aberrant expression of microRNAs has been associated with specific genetic abnormalities and clinical outcome of patients with AML. In addition, since microRNAs can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, the potential of using these molecules as therapeutic targets opens up new opportunities in the future of AML therapy. The recent demonstration that other regulatory ncRNAs, in addition to microRNAs, are involved in hematopoietic cell differentiation and diseases, suggests that they may also have a biological relevance in AML. This paper will describe the role of ncRNAs in AML and discuss the expectations for the use of ncRNAs in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of AML.
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9: From the Discovery to the Development of New Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Ferri Nicola
Published: October 2012

The identification of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, statins, has represented a dramatic innovation of the pharmacological modulation of hypercholesterolemia and associated cardiovascular diseases. However, not all patients receiving statins achieve guideline-recommended low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol goals, particularly those at high risk. There remains, therefore, an unmet medical need to develop additional well-tolerated and effective agents to lower LDL cholesterol levels. The discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a secretory protein that posttranscriptionally regulates levels of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) by inducing its degradation, has opened a new era of pharmacological modulation of cholesterol homeostasis. This paper summarizes the current knowledge of the basic molecular mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of LDLR expression by PCSK9 obtained fromin vitrocell-cultured studies and the analysis of the crystal structure of PCSK9. It also describes the epidemiological and experimental evidences of the regulatory effect of PCSK9 on LDL cholesterol levels and cardiovascular diseases and summarizes the different pharmacological approaches under development for inhibiting PCSK9 expression, processing, and the interaction with LDLR.
Learning Dynamics across Boundaries of IS Context: A Structural perspective to Support Knowledge Management1
Authors: Castro Gonçalves Luciana
Published: October 2012

This paper seeks to analyze the extent to which organizations can learn in an Information System (IS) context by focusing on the relationship between projects and communities of practice. Adopting a theoretical framework combining the social learning literature (Lave, 1991; Wenger; 1998, Orlikowski, 2002) and a structural approach (Giddens, 1984), we used an ethnographic study to examine two contrasting learning dynamics in the IS Department of a multinational car manufacturer. Our findings highlight embeddedness and facilitating and inhibiting factors in learning process. Our discussion suggests an integrated knowledge management perspective (Pawlowski, Robey, 2004; Levine, Xin, 2007, Srikantaiahet al., 2010).
Une typologie des pratiques de Crowdsourcing : l’externalisation vers la foule, au-delà du processus d’innovation1
Authors: Schenk Eric , Guittard Claude
Published: October 2012

Notre contribution propose une définition opérationnelle du concept de crowdsourcing (CS) partant de la notion générale d’outsourcing. Une originalité de ce travail est de montrer que le phénomène de CS ne se limite pas uniquement à une modalité originale d’organisation de l’innovation. Nous proposons une typologie des pratiques de CS basée sur trois classes : tâche simple, tâche créative, et résolution de problèmes complexes. Ce travail de typologie offre également une clé pour comprendre les enjeux liés aux modèles d’affaires du CS, comme la motivation des participants, la confiance réciproque entre l’entreprise et la foule.
Evidence for association of bipolar disorder to haplotypes in the 22q12.3 region near the genes stargazin, ift27 and parvalbumin
Authors: Nissen Stephanie , Liang Sherri , Shehktman Tatyana , Kelsoe John R. ,   the Bipolar Genome Study (BiGS)
Published: October 2012

We have previously reported genome‐wide significant linkage of bipolar disorder to a region on 22q12.3 near the marker D22S278. Towards identifying the susceptibility gene, we have conducted a fine‐mapping association study of the region in two independent family samples, an independent case–control sample and a genome‐wide association dataset. Two hundred SNPs were first examined in a 5 Mb region surrounding the D22S278 marker in a sample of 169 families and analyzed using PLINK. The peak of association was a haplotype near the genes stargazin (CACNG2), intraflagellar transport protein homolog 27 (IFT27) and parvalbumin (PVALB; P = 4.69 × 10−4). This peak overlapped a significant haplotype in a family based association study of a second independent sample of 294 families (P = 1.42 × 10−5). Analysis of the combined family sample yielded statistically significant evidence of association to a rare three SNP haplotype in the gene IFT27 (P = 8.89 × 10−6). Twelve SNPs comprising these haplotypes were genotyped in an independent sample of 574 bipolar I cases and 550 controls. Statistically significant association was found for a haplotype window that overlapped the region from the first two family samples (P = 3.43 × 10−4). However, analyses of the two family samples using the program LAMP, found no evidence for association in this region, but did yield significant evidence for association to a haplotype 3' of CACNG2 (P = 1.76 × 10−6). Furthermore, no evidence for association was found in a large genome‐wide association dataset. The replication of association to overlapping haplotypes in three independent datasets suggests the presence of a bipolar disorder susceptibility gene in this region. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Double flap technique for reconstruction of anterior skull base defects after craniofacial tumor resection: technical note
Authors: Anderson Eloy Jean , Choudhry Osamah J. , Christiano Lana D. , Ajibade Dare V. , Liu James K.
Published: October 2012

Background

Successful reconstruction of large anterior skull base (ASB) defects after craniofacial resection of malignant skull base tumors is paramount for preventing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas. The vascularized pedicled pericranial flap (PCF) has been the gold standard for repairing ASB defects after transbasal transcranial approaches. However, flap necrosis and delayed CSF leaks can occur after adjuvant radiation therapy. We describe a “double flap” reconstruction technique in which the PCF is augmented inferiorly by a secondary vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap (NSF) that is harvested and rotated using an endoscopic endonasal approach.

Methods

This technique is illustrated in 2 patients who underwent a combined cranionasal (transbasal and endoscopic endonasal) approach for large sinonasal malignancies with significant intracranial extension (1 esthesioneuroblastoma, 1 sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma). After tumor removal via a combined cranionasal approach, primary repair of the ASB dural defect was performed with a free patch graft. The ASB defect was then repaired using the double flap technique with a vascularized PCF from above and augmented with a vascularized NSF from below.

Results

Postoperatively, there were no complications of CSF leakage, meningitis, or tension pneumocephalus in both patients. After subsequent radiation therapy, the double flap repair remained intact at 2 years postoperatively in both patients.

Conclusion

The double flap skull base reconstruction technique provides an additional barrier of vascularized tissue to prevent CSF leakage, meningitis, tension pneumocephalus, and postradiation necrosis. This technique is a viable option if a combined transcranial and transnasal endoscopic tumor resection is performed and postoperative radiation is anticipated.
Elastische Lagerung von Bauwerken im Grundwasser
Authors: Höfle Roger , Loretz Christian , Reichelt Hendrik , Zindler Rainer
Published: October 2012

Gebäude lassen sich durch eine elastische Lagerung von unerwünschten Schwingungseinwirkungen isolieren. Dabei stellen im Grundwasser gegründete Bauwerke eine besondere Herausforderung dar, da die Elastomere in diesen Fällen erhöhten Anforderungen ausgesetzt sind. Wie im nachfolgenden Bericht dargelegt wird, sind Polyurethan‐Werkstoffe zur elastischen Entkopplung von Bauwerken im Grundwasser geeignet. Die Wirksamkeit wird anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert.
Probabilistische Berechnungsverfahren als zusätzlicher Baustein der ganzheitlichen Bewertung von Brücken im Bestand
Authors: Braml Thomas , Wurzer Otto
Published: October 2012

Mit der Einführung der Richtlinie zur Nachrechnung von Straßenbrücken im Bestand wird den Planern und Ingenieuren ein Werkzeug in die Hand gegeben, das durch spezielle Regelungen und Vorgaben die Möglichkeit bietet, bestehende Straßenbrücken realistisch zu bewerten. Die Nachweisführung kann dabei in vier Stufen erfolgen, wobei insbesondere die 4. Stufe wissenschaftliche, d.h. auch probabilistische Methoden für die Nachrechnung der bestehenden Straßenbrücken vorsieht. Die Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Probabilistik wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten stark vorangetrieben, sodass nunmehr Modelle und Rechenmethoden zur Verfügung stehen, die einen Einsatz dieser Methoden in der Baupraxis ermöglichen. Im Beitrag wird ein mögliches praktisches Vorgehen für die Durchführung probabilistischer Berechnungen als zusätzlicher Baustein bei der Bewertung bestehender Brückenbauwerke aufgezeigt. Der Sensitivitätsanalyse, die im Rahmen einer solchen Berechnung stets durchgeführt wird, kommt dabei besondere Bedeutung zu, da dadurch die für die Zuverlässigkeit des Bauwerks maßgebenden Einflussgrößen genau identifiziert werden können. Zudem werden im Beitrag Hinweise für die stochastische Modellierung von Einwirkungen, Widerständen und Modellunsicherheiten bei der praktischen Anwendung gegeben. An zwei konkreten Beispielen werden exemplarisch die wesentlichen Schritte erläutert und die Vorteile des Verfahrens verdeutlicht.

Probabilistic analysis methods as an additional component for the integrated assessment of existing bridges

With the implementation of the guideline for the assessment of existing bridges (Nachrechnungsrichtlinie) a tool is given to designers and engineers, which offers the possibility of a realistic assessment of existing bridges by special arrangements and requirements. The analysis can be done in 4 steps. In step 3 and particularly in step 4 it is allowed to use scientific, e. g. probabilistic methods, for the assessment. The research in the field of probabilistic analysis was strongly promoted in recent decades. The tools for modelling and computing are now available which allows the use of probabilistic methods in the engineering practice. The paper shows a possible procedure for the probabilistic assessment of existing structures. The sensitivity analysis is here of special importance. This analysis shows the impact of each influencing parameter of loads and resistance on the reliability of the bridge. In addition to the presentation of the approach the paper gives details for the stochastic modelling of loads, resistance and model uncertainties. Two examples, a prestressed concrete girder bridge and a reinforced concrete arch bridge, show the advantages of the presented approach.
Imatinib assay by high‐performance liquid chromatography in tandem mass spectrometry with solid‐phase extraction in human plasma
Authors: Moreno Jose María , Wojnicz Aneta , Steegman Juan Luis , Cano‐Abad Maria F. , Ruiz‐Nuño Ana
Published: October 2012

We have developed a method of liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry to monitor therapeutic levels of imatinib in plasma, a selective inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase. After solid‐phase extraction of plasma samples, imatinib and its internal standard, imatinib‐D8, were eluted with Zorbax SB‐C18 at 60 °C, under isocratic conditions through a mobile phase consisting of 4 mm ammonium formate, pH: 3.2 (solution A) and acetonitrile solution B. The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min with 55% solution A + 45% solution B. Imatinib was detected and quantified by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization operating in selected‐reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curve was linear in the range 10–5000 ng/mL, the lower limit of quantitation being 10 ng/mL. The method was validated according to the recommendations of the Food and Drug Administration, including tests of matrix effect (bias < 10%) and recovery efficiency (>80 and <120%). The method is precise (coefficient of variance intra‐day <2% and inter‐day <7%), accurate (95–108%), sensitive and specific. It is a simple method with very fast recording time (1.2 min) that is applicable to clinical practice. This will permit improvement of the pharmacological treatment of patients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Biological Studies of Pyrazolyl‐Diamine PtII Complexes Containing Polyaromatic DNA‐Binding Groups
Authors: Gama Sofia , Mendes Filipa , Esteves Teresa , Marques Fernanda , Matos António , Rino José , Coimbra Joana , Ravera Mauro , Gabano Elisabetta , Santos Isabel , Paulo António
Published: October 2012

New [PtCl(pz*NN)]n+ complexes anchored by pyrazolyl‐diamine (pz*NN) ligands incorporating anthracenyl or acridine orange DNA‐binding groups have been synthesized so as to obtain compounds that would display synergistic effects between platination and intercalation of DNA. Study of their interaction with supercoiled DNA indicated that the anthracenyl‐containing complex L2Pt displays a covalent type of binding, whereas the acridine orange counterpart L3Pt shows a combination of intercalative and covalent binding modes with a strong contribution from the former. L2Pt showed a very strong cytotoxic effect on ovarian carcinoma cell lines A2780 and A2780cisR, which are, respectively, sensitive to and resistant to cisplatin. In these cell lines, L2Pt is nine to 27 times more cytotoxic than cisplatin. In the sensitive cell line, L3Pt showed a cytotoxic activity similar to that of cisplatin, but like L2Pt was able significantly to overcome cisplatin cross‐resistance. Cell‐uptake studies showed that L2Pt accumulates preferentially in the cytoplasm, whereas L3Pt reaches the cell nucleus more easily, as clearly visualized by time‐lapse confocal imaging of live A2870 cells. Altogether, these findings seem to indicate that interaction with biological targets other than DNA might be involved in the mechanism of action of L2Pt because this compound, despite having a weaker ability to target the cell nucleus than L3Pt, as well as an inferior DNA affinity, is nevertheless more cytotoxic. Furthermore, ultrastructural studies of A2870 cells exposed to L2Pt and L3Pt revealed that these complexes induce different alterations in cell morphology, thus indicating the involvement of different modes of action in cell death.
Azaphosphatrane Cations: Weak Acids, Robust Phase‐transfer Catalysts
Authors: Dimitrov‐Raytchev Pascal , Dutasta Jean‐Pierre , Martinez Alexandre
Published: October 2012

The use of azaphosphatrane derivatives, which are the acidic counterparts of the well‐known proazaphosphatrane superbases (also named Verkade’s superbases), are found to function as phase‐transfer catalysts. In four representative protocols of phase‐transfer catalytic reactions—two alkylations of enolates, one generation of carbene, and one oxidation of an electrophilic alkene—azaphosphatranes act as catalysts in biphasic heterogeneous media.
Wet‐Media Milling of Colloidal Drug Suspensions Stabilized by Means of Charged Nanoparticles
Authors: Juhnke M. , John E.
Published: October 2012

Colloidal stabilization of drug suspensions by a nonionic polymer and charged nanoparticles with simultaneous production of drug colloids by wet‐media milling was investigated. In the absence of highly charged nanoparticles, slightly negatively charged drug colloids agglomerated into the gel state. Upon addition of suitably charged nanoparticles up to a lower critical concentration, electrical stabilization of drug colloids is facilitated into the liquid state and almost Newtonian shear behavior of the colloidal drug suspension. Increasing the concentration of charged nanoparticles further resulted in a suspension without any rheologically detectable agglomeration of drug colloids of negligible thixotropy. The investigations demonstrate the general applicability of charged nanoparticles for colloidal drug stabilization in combination with an industrially relevant production technology. The potential benefits related to colloidal drug particle stabilization are also highlighted.
The Plakotenins: Biomimetic Diels–Alder Reactions, Total Synthesis, Structural Investigations, and Chemical Biology
Authors: Bourcet Emmanuel , Kaufmann Larissa , Arzt Stephanie , Bihlmeier Angela , Klopper Wim , Schepers Ute , Bräse Stefan
Published: October 2012

The total synthesis of plakotenin, a cytotoxic marine natural product, using a biomimetic Diels–Alder reaction is described in detail. Two approaches were used, whereby the Diels–Alder reaction occurs at different stages of the synthesis. Homo‐ and nor‐plakotenin, related natural products, were also prepared, as well as iso‐plakotenin, a diastereoisomer of plakotenin. The syntheses prove the relative and absolute stereochemistry of the latter. The chemical biology of the plakotenins was investigated on selected compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Beneficial Effect of Se Substituted on Thermoelectric Properties of Co4Sb11.9‐xTexSe0.1 Skutterudites.
Authors: Duan Bo , Zhai Pengcheng , Liu Lisheng , Zhang Qingjie , Ruan Xuefeng
Published: October 2012

Skutterudite‐based compounds Co4Sb12‐x‐yTexSey (x = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6; y = 0.0, 0.1) are synthesized from the elements (carbon crucible, 903 K, 120 h) followed by spark plasma sintering at 903 K for 7 min.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiferroic Properties of Y‐Doped BiFeO3.
Authors: Luo Lirong , Wei Wei , Yuan Xueyong , Shen Kai , Xu Mingxiang , Xu Qingyu
Published: October 2012

Bi1.04‐xYxFeO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) ceramics are synthesized by a tartaric acid modified sol—gel method starting with aqueous solutions of Bi(NO3)3, Fe(NO3)3, Y(NO3)3, and tartaric acid (sintering at 600 °C for 2 h and 700 °C for 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: BiGaO3‐Based Perovskites: A Large Family of Polar Materials.
Authors: Belik Alexei A. , Rusakov Dmitriy A. , Furubayashi Takao , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji
Published: October 2012

BiGaxM1‐xO3 (M: Cr, Mn, Fe) solid solutions are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of Bi2O3, M2O3, and Ga2O3 (for M: Cr, Fe: 6 GPa, 1700 K; for M: Mn: 1300 K, 2 h) and characterized by powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures, and Thermoelectric Properties of the Novel Cluster Compound Ag3In2Mo15Se19.
Authors: Gougeon Patrick , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Ag, Mo, InSe, and MoSe2 (Mo crucible, 1300 °C, 40 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free, Organocatalytic syn Diacetoxylation of Alkenes.
Authors: Zhong Wenhe , Liu Shan , Yang Jun , Meng Xiangbao , Li Zhongjun
Published: October 2012

Aryl iodides such as Ph‐I, Tol‐I, and Mst‐I efficiently promote the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Chiral Secondary Boronic Esters via Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Reduction of β‐Boronyl‐β‐alkyl α,β‐Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Ding Jinyue , Hall Dennis G.
Published: October 2012

The title compounds can be accessed in excellent yields and good to high levels of enantioselectivity using polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as the hydride source.
ChemInform Abstract: Halodeboronation of Organotrifluoroborates Using Tetrabutylammonium Tribromide or Cesium Triiodide.
Authors: Yao Min‐Liang , Kabalka George W. , Blevins David W. , Reddy Marepally Srinivasa , Yong Li
Published: October 2012

A diversity of aryl bromides (II) is prepared by bromodeboronation of aryltrifluoroborates with tetrabutylammonium tribromide in aqueous solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxazolidine‐2‐thiones and Thiazolidine‐2‐thiones as Nucleophiles in Intermolecular Michael Additions.
Authors: Munive Laura , Rivas Veronica M. , Ortiz Aurelio , Olivo Horacio F.
Published: October 2012

The reaction takes place at the nitrogen atom.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of 1,5‐Enynes by Stereospecific Pd‐Catalyzed Allyl—Propargyl Cross‐Couplings.
Authors: Ardolino Michael J. , Morken James P.
Published: October 2012

A new simple and general Pd(0)‐catalyzed method for the synthesis of the title compounds is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Aldol‐Type and Mannich‐Type Reactions for Asymmetric Construction of Contiguous Trisubstituted and Quaternary Stereocenters.
Authors: Yin Liang , Kanai Motomu , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: October 2012

A series of α,α‐disubstituted β‐hydroxy or β‐amino nitriles are produced by asymmetric aldol‐type and Mannich‐type reactions based on the decarboxylative nucleophile generation, which is facilitated by the soft—soft interaction between Cu(I) and the cyano group.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Alkylmagnesium Reagents from Alkenes Through Hydroboration and Boron—Magnesium Exchange.
Authors: Reichle Markus A. , Breit Bernhard
Published: October 2012

A general protocol for the generation of various primary and secondary alkylmagnesium halides is presented, involving a sequence of alkene boration and boron—magnesium exchange.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Intermolecular Allylic C—H Trifluoroacetoxylation of Functionalized Alkenes.
Authors: Alam Rauful , Pilarski Lukasz T. , Pershagen Elias , Szabo Kalman J.
Published: October 2012

For the first time the highly regio‐ and stereoselective catalytic title reaction is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Guanidine/Azole Binary System as an Efficient Catalyst for Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction.
Authors: Terada Masahiro , Fukuchi Satoko , Amagai Kei , Nakano Megumi , Ube Hitoshi
Published: October 2012

A guanidine/azole pair is successfully applied as organocatalyst in the Morita—Baylis—Hillman reaction of aromatic aldehydes with cyclic enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Condensation of 2‐Naphthol with Aromatic Aldehydes and Acetamide/Urea to 1‐Amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols.
Authors: Zare Abdolkarim
Published: October 2012

A new, clean and efficient solvent‐free method for the synthesis of 1‐amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols via a one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction using silica‐supported phosphorus‐containing reagents Silphos or Silphox as inexpensive heterogeneous catalysts is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel β‐Lactams Bearing an Anthraquinone Moiety and Evaluation of Their Antimalarial Activities.
Authors: Jarrahpour Aliasghar , Ebrahimi Edris , Khalifeh Reza , Sharghi Hashem , Sahraei Mohammad , Sinou Veronique , Latour Christine , Brunel Jean Michel
Published: October 2012

A set of 15 title compounds is prepared based on a [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Polystyrene‐Supported GaCl3 as a Highly Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Lewis Acid Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Substituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Rahmatpour Ali
Published: October 2012

A new environmentally benign synthesis of pyrroles is presented, involving the cyclization of γ‐diketones with various aromatic and aliphatic amines in the presence of polymer‐supported GaCl3 catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free sp3 C—H Bond Dual‐(Het)arylation: I2‐Promoted Domino Process to Construct 2,2‐Bisindolyl‐1‐arylethanones.
Authors: Zhu Yan‐ping , Liu Mei‐cai , Jia Feng‐cheng , Yuan Jing‐jing , Gao Qing‐he , Lian Mi , Wu An‐xin
Published: October 2012

A new, metal‐free method to prepare the title compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemically Initiated Tandem and Sequential Conjugate Addition Processes: One‐Pot Synthesis of Diverse Functionalized Isoindolinones.
Authors: Antico Pasqualmorica , Capaccio Vito , Di Mola Antonia , Massa Antonio , Palombi Laura
Published: October 2012

Synthesis of highly functionalized 3‐isoindolinones is achieved by the present new electroreductively‐catalyzed reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with cyanobenzaldehyde (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Use of the α‐Amination Reaction for the Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives Containing Carbo‐ and Heterocyclic Substituents on the Nitrogen Atom.
Authors: Utkina A. A. , Kurkin A. V. , Yurovskaya M. A.
Published: October 2012

The α‐amination of cyclohexanone and γ‐pyranone (I) with di‐tert‐butyl azodicarboxylate (II) proceeds chemoselectively in the presence of L‐proline to give the enantioenriched mono‐amination products (III) (no enantioselectivity given).
ChemInform Abstract: Utilization of DmbNHNH2 in the Synthesis of Amino‐Substituted 4‐((3,5‐Diamino‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)diazenyl)phenols.
Authors: Schuetznerova Eva , Popa Igor , Krystof Vladimir , Koshino Hiroyuki , Travnicek Zdenek , Hradil Pavel , Cankar Petr
Published: October 2012

A novel protection strategy for the synthesis of the title compounds, which are inaccessible through direct substitution, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Features of Reactions of Quaternary Salts Derived from (4Z)‐5‐(Bromomethyl)‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylhept‐4‐en‐3‐one. Synthesis of Azolo[a]azepine and Indolizine Derivatives.
Authors: Potikha L. M. , Turelik A. R. , Kovtunenko V. A.
Published: October 2012

Reaction of 2‐methylimidazoles (II), 2‐methylbenzimidazole (VI) and pyridine derivatives (VIII) with title γ‐bromomethyl enone (I) provides access to the corresponding (benz)imidazolium and pyridinium salts, which cyclize under the action of base to give imidazolo[a]azepines (V), (VII) or indolizine derivatives (X), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 4‐Isoxazolines by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrones to Alkynals Catalyzed by Fluorodiphenylmethylpyrrolidines.
Authors: Aleman Jose , Fraile Alberto , Marzo Leyre , Garcia Ruano Jose Luis , Izquierdo Cristina , Diaz‐Tendero Sergio
Published: October 2012

Low catalyst loading is required which can be reduced to 1mol% with only slight increase in reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Optically Active Ki16425.
Authors: Sato Takanao , Sugimoto Kenji , Inoue Asuka , Okudaira Shinichi , Aoki Junken , Tokuyama Hidetoshi
Published: October 2012

A enantioselective synthesis of both enantiomers (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1‐c]‐1,2,4‐triazoles.
Authors: Jishkariani Davit , Hall C. Dennis , Oliferenko Alexander A. , Leino David , Katritzky Alan R.
Published: October 2012

The Cu2Br2‐catalyzed reactions of triazolium N‐imides such as (I) and (IV) with alkynes are examined with a view to the scope of the alkynes, the influence of the electronic nature of the leaving group, and variations of the N‐1 substituent.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and One‐Pot and Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of 2‐Amino/5‐Aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles Bearing a Benzimidazole Moiety as Antioxidants.
Authors: Kerimov Ilgar , Ayhan‐Kilcigil Guelguen , Oezdamar Elcin Deniz , Can‐Eke Benay , Coban Tuelay , Oezbey Sueheyla , Kazak Canan
Published: October 2012

Two new series of 2‐amino‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles (III) and 5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles (V) bearing a benzimidazole moiety are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation Reaction Between Electron‐Deficient Alkynes and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Cao Hua , Zhong Haiping , Lin Yuanguang , Yang Liuqing
Published: October 2012

The facile route for the synthesis of the pyran derivatives (III) and (V) explores the new possibilities of N‐catalysts for Michael addition of nucleophiles with alkynoates.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Chemical Method for Preparing 2,3‐Epoxyamides Using Sodium Chlorite.
Authors: Fuentes Lilia , Osorio Urbano , Quintero Leticia , Hoepfl Herbert , Vazquez‐Cabrera Nixache , Sartillo‐Piscil Fernando
Published: October 2012

Tertiary allylamines including piperidine derivatives such as (I) and (IV) give under optimized conditions the desired epoxides via a tandem C—H oxidiation/double bond epoxidation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Benzoylfuro[2,3‐b]quinolines from Quinoline‐Based Chalcones.
Authors: Kumar Devadoss Karthik , Rajendran Subramaniam Parameswaran
Published: October 2012

Two procedures are presented for the synthesis of title compounds (V), involving a brominative cyclization—dehydrobromination or an epoxidation—cyclization sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines Having 1‐(N‐Picolinamidin‐2‐yl) Group.
Authors: Fulwa Vijendra Kumar , Manivannan Vadivelu
Published: October 2012

A simple, clean, and efficient method for the synthesis of the title compounds is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Tandem C—N Bond Formation: An Efficient Annulative Synthesis of Functionalized Cinnolines.
Authors: Ball Catherine J. , Gilmore Jeremy , Willis Michael C.
Published: October 2012

A novel general access towards cinnoline derivatives is presented, involving Cu‐catalyzed cyclization of o‐haloarylvinyl bromides with hydrazinedicarboxylate (II), followed by base‐mediated aromatization reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Finger Loop Inhibitors of the HCV NS5b Polymerase. Part 2. Optimization of Tetracyclic Indole‐Based Macrocycle Leading to the Discovery of TMC647055.
Authors: Vendeville Sandrine , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

Title compound (I) combines potent nanomolar cellular activity in HCV assays and promising pharmacokinetic profiles in rats and dogs and is currently being evaluated in the clinic.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible 1,3‐anti/syn‐Stereochemical Courses in Copper‐Catalyzed γ‐Selective Allyl—Alkyl Coupling Between Chiral Allylic Phosphates and Alkylboranes.
Authors: Nagao Kazunori , Yokobori Umi , Makida Yusuke , Ohmiya Hirohisa , Sawamura Masaya
Published: October 2012

The new title coupling reaction is successfully exemplified by Z‐, e.g. (I) and (IV), and E‐allylsilanes (VI) and non‐silicon‐substituted allylic phosphates (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Dehydrogenative Si—O Coupling of Oxime Ether‐Functionalized Alcohols.
Authors: Weickgenannt Andreas , Mohr Jens , Oestreich Martin
Published: October 2012

A series of oxime ether‐functionalized alcohols such as (I) and (II) are prepared on two routes.
ChemInform Abstract: Hetaryl‐Substituted Phosphonium‐Iodonium Ylides in Synthesis of Heterocycles.
Authors: Matveeva Elena D. , Podrugina Tatyana A. , Taranova Marina A. , Ivanova Anastasiya M. , Gleiter Rolf , Zefirov Nikolay S.
Published: October 2012

Depending on the aryl moiety of the arylcetylenes and the heteroaryl group at the phosphonium group, the reaction of new ylides (I) and (VII) with arylacetylenes affords selectively phosphininofurans, furans, or a benzo‐fused phosphinoline.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnI2‐Promoted Homologation of Ferrocenylacetylene and Aldehydes: An Efficient Synthesis of Ferrocene‐Containing Allenes.
Authors: Chen Shufeng , Shi Jinxiang , Wang Binglong , Zhao Haiying , Baoguo Li
Published: October 2012

A simple and mild modified method for the first preparation of the title compounds is presented by using an efficient catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Tremulane Sesquiterpenoids from Ceriporia lacerate, an Endophytic Fungus of Huperzia serrata
Authors: Shan Wei‐Guang , Liang Dong‐E , Ying You‐Min , Zhan Zha‐Jun
Published: October 2012

structure determination of ceriponol L (I) and M (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Hydrolysis: Efficient Synthesis of α‐Substituted Cysteines on Multi‐gram Scale.
Authors: Fiset Dominic , Charette Andre B.
Published: October 2012

Compared to previous processes, the efficiency of the reaction and the scope are significantly improved.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of Blapsins A and B as Potent Small‐Molecule 14‐3‐3 Inhibitors from the Insect Blaps japanensis.
Authors: Cheng Yong‐Xian , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

Three novel naturally occurring compounds, blapsins A(I) and B(II), and blapsamide (III) are isolated from the ethanol extract of the stink beetle B.japanensis.
ChemInform Abstract: Failure Mechanisms of High Level Nuclear Waste Forms in Storage and Geological Disposal Conditions
Authors: Rondinella V. V.
Published: October 2012

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Consolidation of Zirconium Diboride: Review
Authors: Sonber J. K. , Suri A. K.
Published: October 2012

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Templated Nanocarbons for Energy Storage
Authors: Nishihara Hirotomo , Kyotani Takashi
Published: October 2012

Review: 287 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Approaches to [5,6]‐Benzannulated Spiroketal Natural Products
Authors: McLeod Michael C. , Brimble Margaret A. , Rathwell Dominea C. K. , Wilson Zoe E. , Yuen Tsz‐Ying
Published: October 2012

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Expansion of the Ligand Knowledge Base for Chelating P,P‐Donor Ligands (LKB‐PP)
Authors: Jover Jesus , Fey Natalie , Harvey Jeremy N. , Lloyd‐Jones Guy C. , Orpen A. Guy , Owen‐Smith Gareth J. J. , Murray Paul , Hose David R. J. , Osborne Robert , Purdie Mark
Published: October 2012

Review: 29 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Addition Reactions
Authors: Severin Kay
Published: October 2012

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
Authors: Wittstock Arne , Biener Jurgen , Baumer Marcus
Published: October 2012

Review: 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Forced Wetting of a Reactive Surface
Authors: Blake T. D.
Published: October 2012

Review: 34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Analytical Chemistry
Authors: Chen Ligang , Li Bin
Published: October 2012

Review: 86 refs.
Synthesis of Homoleptic Ruthenium “Star” Complexes by Click Reaction for TiO2 Sensitization
Authors: Chitre Keyur P. , Guillén Elena , Yoon Audri Soojin , Galoppini Elena
Published: October 2012

Homoleptic RuII complexes carrying rigid linkers for attachment to semiconductor surfaces were synthesized by using the click reaction. Star‐shaped complexes KStar‐TzC‐pBn (1a) and KStar‐TzC‐Ipa (1b), composed of 2,2′‐bipyridine ligands 4,4′‐disubstituted with 1,2,3‐triazole rings connected to the Ru complex through the C4 of the 1,2,3‐triazole (Tz) ring and capped with p‐benzoic (pBn) and isophthalic (Ipa) methyl esters, respectively, as well as KStar‐TzN‐pBn (1c), connected to the Ru complex through the N1 of the Tz ring, were studied in solution and bound to semiconducting TiO2 and insulating ZrO2 nanoparticle films.
LC–MSMS analysis of acetamiprid residue in crude palm oil
Authors: Yeoh Chee Beng , Chong Chiew Let
Published: October 2012

A method for acetamiprid residue detection and quantification in crude palm oil (CPO) using LC–MSMS after the clean‐up with graphite packed SPE was developed. This method was validated in house and passed all important validation tests such as linearity, intermediate precision, and repeatability test. The limit of detection and quantification of the method were estimated from an acetamiprid standard calibration curve and the values were 4 and 10 ng/g, respectively. To examine the efficiency of the developed method, recovery experiment was carried out at the method limit of quantification using CPO, crude sunflower oil, crude rapeseed oil, and refined soybean oil. Results showed that this method was suitable for the analysis of acetamiprid residue in these oils with the recoveries ranged from 79 to 116%.
Specific procedure for analysing steryl glucosides in olive oil
Authors: Gómez‐Coca Raquel B. , Pérez‐Camino María del Carmen , Moreda Wenceslao
Published: October 2012

Avoiding any kind of oil sample pretreatment, a fraction containing the steryl glucosides (SG) was directly isolated by SPE. This fraction was derivatised and analysed by GC in order to quantify the SG content. The limit of detection of the method was 0.37 mg/kg and the recovery 90%. Additionally, the identity of the SG was confirmed by MS. We applied the procedure to oil samples of different categories and origins indicating that the only SG that could be quantified in olive oil was β‐sitosteryl glucoside, which was present at concentrations not higher than 3.00 mg/kg.

Practical applications: Olive oil is of upmost importance from both the nutritional point of view and from the economic repercussion that fraud may have. Among the many parameters required by the EU in order to determine olive oil characteristics, SG are completely overlooked and no specific methodology has been elaborated so far. We have developed a straightforward protocol for the determination of SG in olive oil. This method can be used to provide an additional identity parameter and a new blend indicator. This method is fast, cheap and easy to perform. Besides, it has a great potential for automation which would allow its routine application. The possibility of applying the procedure to study vegetable oils used in the biodiesel industry is also pointed out.
Limbic system structures differentially contribute to exploratory trip organization of the rat
Authors: Winter Shawn S. , Köppen Jenny R. , Ebert Tialia B.N. , Wallace Douglas G.
Published: October 2012

The role of limbic system structures in spatial orientation continues to be debated. The hippocampus (HPC) has been implicated in encoding symbolic representations of environments (i.e., cognitive map), whereas entorhinal cortex (EC) function has been implicated in self‐movement cue processing (i.e., dead reckoning). These distinctions largely depend on the electrophysiological characteristics of cells within these regions and behavioral tasks that typically fail to dissociate environmental and self‐movement cue processing. Topographic and kinematic characteristics of exploratory trip organization have been shown to differentially depend on environmental and self‐movement cue processing. The present study examines the effects of either HPC or EC lesions on exploratory trip organization under varying lighting conditions. HPC lesions selectively impaired all measures of performance under dark conditions, but spared all measures of performance under light conditions. EC lesions impaired kinematic measures related to distance estimation under all conditions and impaired all measures of performance under light conditions. These results provide evidence that the HPC is involved in processing self‐movement cues but not environmental cues, and EC is involved in processing distance estimates generated from either self‐movement or environmental cues. These observations provide further support for serial processing of self‐movement cues through limbic system structures that converge on the HPC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of Shape‐Memory Polyurethane–Polybenzoxazine Compounds
Authors: Erden Numan , Jana Sadhan C.
Published: October 2012

The study investigates the scope for significant enhancements in shape‐memory properties in blends of thermoplastic polyurethanes (PUs) and polybenzoxazine (PB). PB was expected to serve as a second fixed phase in addition to hard segment of PU. The shape‐memory compounds were prepared in three steps. First, benzoxazine monomer was dissolved in urethane prepolymer synthesized from 4,4′‐methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) and poly (tetramethylene) glycol (PTMG). Second, the prepolymer was chain extended with 1,4‐butanediol (BD) without curing of benzoxazine. Third, the benzoxazine was polymerized into PB by thermal curing at 180 °C for 3 h. A compound with 17 wt% PB exhibited a recovery stress (RS) of 13 MPa and strain recovery (SR) of 93% compared with RS of 6.8 MPa and SR of 72% for PU.

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Poly(acrylic acid) Undergoes Partial Esterification During RAFT Synthesis in Methanol and Interchain Disulfide Bridging Upon NaOH Treatment
Authors: Pelet Jeisa M. , Putnam David
Published: October 2012

In this work, poly(acrylic acid) was synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cyanopentanoic acid) and 4‐cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate as a radical initiator and chain transfer agent, respectively. By varying the reactant ratios, we achieved poly(acrylic acid) with molecular weights up to 55 100 and polydispersities of ≈1.2. Upon characterization of the final products, we detected, as a side reaction, partial esterification of the carboxyl side chain groups when the polymerization was conducted in methanol. Treatment of the esterified polymer with base resulted in acrylic acid homopolymers, but also led to end‐group disulfide bridging, which was reversed using a reducing buffer.
The neurobiology and neural circuitry of cognitive changes in Parkinson's disease revealed by functional neuroimaging
Authors: Ray Nicola J. , Strafella Antonio P.
Published: October 2012

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often develop a spectrum of cognitive symptoms that can evolve into dementia. Dopamine (DA) replacement medications, though improving motor symptoms, can exert both positive and negative effects on cognitive ability, depending on the severity of the disease and the specific skill being tested. By considering the behavioral and clinical aspects of disease‐ and treatment‐mediated changes in cognition alongside the pathophysiology of PD, an understanding of the factors that govern the heterogeneous expression of cognitive impairment in PD is beginning to emerge. Here, we review the neuroimaging studies revealing the neural correlates of cognitive changes after DA loss and DA replacement as well as those that may accompany the conversion from milder stages of cognitive impairment to frank dementia. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Eine Konferenz in Gold
Authors: Remenyi Christian , Guggolz Ernst
Published: October 2012

Dass sich die Euchems‐Konferenzen etabliert haben, zeigte der vierte Euchems‐Kongress in Prag. Die nächste Ausgabe findet in zwei Jahren in Istanbul statt.
Biokerosin hebt ab
Authors: Haug Peter , Kraft Axel
Published: October 2012

Biogene Ausgangsmaterialien für die Kraftstoffproduktion sind knapp. Das Greasoline‐Verfahren verbreitert die Rohstoffbasis für Flugzeugtreibstoff durch eine Gasphasentechnik.
Chemieunterricht in Vietnam — Begegnungen und Beobachtungen
Authors: Becker Hans‐Jürgen , Nguyen Minh Quang
Published: October 2012

Ein objektiver Lerngegenstand wie die Naturwissenschaft Chemie bedeutet nicht, dass auch die fachdidaktischen Konzepte universell und kulturübergreifend anwendbar sind. Dies zeigt ein Blick nach Asien: Ein von Fachsprache und Fachstruktur geprägter, lehrerzentrierter Chemieunterricht ist in Vietnam selbstverständlich und verhindert nicht, dass Schüler positive Einstellungen entwickeln.