bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BERKELEY CARDINALS AND THE STRUCTURE OF L(Vδ+1)
Authors: CUTOLO RAFFAELLA
Published: December 2018

We explore the structural properties of the inner model L(Vδ+1) under the assumption that δ is a singular limit of Berkeley cardinals each of which is itself limit of extendible cardinals, lifting some of the main results of the theory of the axiom I0 to the level of Berkeley cardinals, the strongest known large cardinal axioms. Berkeley cardinals have been recently introduced in [1] and contradict the Axiom of Choice.1 In fact, our background theory will be ZF.
DECIDABILITY OF THE THEORY OF MODULES OVER PRÜFER DOMAINS WITH INFINITE RESIDUE FIELDS
Authors: GREGORY LORNA , L’INNOCENTE SONIA , PUNINSKI GENA , TOFFALORI CARLO
Published: December 2018

We provide algebraic conditions ensuring the decidability of the theory of modules over effectively given Prüfer (in particular Bézout) domains with infinite residue fields in terms of a suitable generalization of the prime radical relation. For Bézout domains these conditions are also necessary.
Successful Wine Cooperatives: Field Reports from Cooperative Managers in Austria, Italy, and Germany
Authors: Aiassa Paolo , Baltes Matthias , Danner Stephan , Frischengruber Heinz , Horvath Roman , Klotz Wolfgang , Vacca Aldo
Published: December 2018

Austria has a quite small cooperative sector, only about 10 to 15% of all Austrian wine is produced by wine cooperatives. The first wine cooperative was established in 1882 (Eisenstadt-Ruster-Weinproduzentenverein). An intense wave of cooperative establishment took place in Austria and Germany at the beginning of the 20th century, lasting through the 1960s, that was due to the unfortunate general socio-economic situation of vintners.
Participation, Government Legitimacy, and Regulatory Compliance in Emerging Economies: A Firm-Level Field Experiment in Vietnam
Authors: MALESKY EDMUND , TAUSSIG MARKUS
Published: December 2018

This paper employs a field experiment in single-party–ruled Vietnam to test whether providing a broad-based representative sample of firms the opportunity to comment on draft regulations increases their subsequent compliance. We find three main outcomes of this treatment. First, treated firms exhibited greater improvement in their views of government’s regulatory authority. Second, these firms were more likely to allow government-affiliated auditors to examine their factories. Third, treated firms demonstrated greater compliance on the factory floor. Access and compliance were not explained by the receipt of advance information about the regulation’s requirements, and none of the three outcomes required that firms offer substantive comments.
The enigmatic ribosomal stalk
Authors: Liljas Anders , Sanyal Suparna
Published: December 2018

The large ribosomal subunit has a distinct feature, the stalk, extending outside the ribosome. In bacteria it is called the L12 stalk. The base of the stalk is protein uL10 to which two or three dimers of proteins bL12 bind. In archea and eukarya P1 and P2 proteins constitute the stalk. All these extending proteins, that have a high degree of flexibility due to a hinge between their N- and C-terminal parts, are essential for proper functionalization of some of the translation factors. The role of the stalk proteins has remained enigmatic for decades but is gradually approaching an understanding. In this review we summarise the knowhow about the structure and function of the ribosomal stalk till date starting from the early phase of ribosome research.
Collaborative writing
Authors: Storch Neomy
Published: December 2018

Writing has generally been perceived as a solitary activity, completed by the writer working alone. Yet, over the years we have witnessed a growing interest among researchers and educators inCollaborative Writing, an activity that can be simply defined as the involvement of two or more writers in the production of a single text. This interest has been driven by two main factors. The first factor is the nature of workplace writing. Studies (e.g. Ede & Lunsford 1990; Mirel & Spilka 2002) have shown that in a number of workplaces, writing is often completed in teams rather than individually. The second factor is the advent of Web 2.0 applications such as blogs, wikis, and Google Docs, which have transformed literacy practices, making the creation and sharing of texts easier and more readily acceptable (Hyland 2016; Vandergriff 2016). In the field of second language (L2) learning, interest in collaborative writing was also spurred by early research conducted by Swain and her colleagues (e.g. Swain & Lapkin 1995; Swain 1998; see also timeline for additional references) showing the language learning opportunities of communicative tasks which involve joint written output (e.g. Dictogloss).
Research priorities in single-ventricle heart conditions: a United Kingdom national study
Authors: Drury Nigel E. , Stoll Victoria M. , Bond Chris J. , Patel Akshay J. , Hutchinson Suzie , Clift Paul F.
Published: December 2018

Objective

To bring together stakeholders in the United Kingdom to establish national priorities for research in single-ventricle heart conditions.

Methods

This study comprised two surveys and a workshop. The initial public online survey asked respondents up to three questions they would like answered for research. Responses were classified as unanswered, already answered, or unable to be answered by scientific research. In the follow-up survey, unanswered questions were divided into categories and respondents were asked to rank categories and questions by priority. A stakeholder workshop attended by patients, parents, healthcare professionals, researchers, and charities was held to determine the final list of research priorities.

Results

A total of 128 respondents posed 344 research questions, of which 271 were classified as unanswered, and after removing duplicates, 204 questions remained, which were divided into 20 categories. In the second survey, 56 (49.1%) respondents successfully ranked categories and questions. A total of 39 participants attended the workshop, drawing up a list of 30 research priorities across nine priority categories. The nine priority categories are: Associated co-morbidities; Brain & neurodevelopment; Exercise; Fontan failure; Heart function; Living with a single ventricle heart condition; Management of the well-functioning Fontan circulation; Surgery & perioperative care; and Transplantation, mechanical support & novel therapies.

Conclusions

Through a multi-stage process, we engaged a wide range of interested parties to establish a list of research priorities in single-ventricle heart conditions. This provides a platform for clinicians, researchers, and funders in the United Kingdom and elsewhere to address the most important questions and improve outcomes in these rare but high-impact CHDs.
Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Functions in Middle Age: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pelimanni Elina , Jehkonen Mervi
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been linked with cognitive decrement and an increased risk of dementia in older people. Less is known about whether diabetes affects cognition at younger ages. The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine possible differences (effect sizes) in cognitive performance between middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls. Secondary aim was to examine whether age is related to the magnitude of effect sizes. Methods: Electronic databases and lists of references of selected articles were used to search for studies examining type 2 diabetes and cognition in patients under age 65 compared to healthy controls. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Standardized mean differences (Hedges’s g) were calculated for main cognitive domains and their subdomains. Association between age and effect sizes was evaluated with meta-regression analyses. Publication bias and methodological quality of the studies were assessed. Results: Patients performed worse than controls in several cognitive functions. The largest differences were found in information processing speed (g = −0.68), attention/concentration (g = −0.55), executive functions (g = −0.51), and working memory (g = −0.51). There was no significance difference in visual memory (g = −0.15). Age was significantly related to the effect size in information processing speed, language, verbal memory and visual memory. However, the direction of association varied across these cognitive domains. Conclusions: The results suggest that cognitive decrement in diabetes is not restricted to older people, but may begin to appear in middle age. More attention should be paid to early recognition and treatment of diabetes-related cognitive decrement in healthcare systems. (JINS, 2019, 25, 215–229)
ON THE ACCURACY OF ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATIONS TO THE LOG-GAMMA AND RIEMANN–SIEGEL THETA FUNCTIONS
Authors: BRENT RICHARD P.
Published: December 2018

We give bounds on the error in the asymptotic approximation of the log-Gamma function $\ln \unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}(z)$ for complex $z$ in the right half-plane. These improve on earlier bounds by Behnke and Sommer [Theorie der analytischen Funktionen einer komplexen Veränderlichen, 2nd edn (Springer, Berlin, 1962)], Spira [‘Calculation of the Gamma function by Stirling’s formula’, Math. Comp.25 (1971), 317–322], and Hare [‘Computing the principal branch of log-Gamma’, J. Algorithms25 (1997), 221–236]. We show that $|R_{k+1}(z)/T_{k}(z)|<\sqrt{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}k}$ for nonzero $z$ in the right half-plane, where $T_{k}(z)$ is the $k$th term in the asymptotic series, and $R_{k+1}(z)$ is the error incurred in truncating the series after $k$ terms. We deduce similar bounds for asymptotic approximation of the Riemann–Siegel theta function $\unicode[STIX]{x1D717}(t)$. We show that the accuracy of a well-known approximation to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D717}(t)$ can be improved by including an exponentially small term in the approximation. This improves the attainable accuracy for real $t>0$ from $O(\exp (-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}t))$ to $O(\exp (-2\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}t))$. We discuss a similar example due to Olver [‘Error bounds for asymptotic expansions, with an application to cylinder functions of large argument’, in: Asymptotic Solutions of Differential Equations and Their Applications (ed. C. H. Wilcox) (Wiley, New York, 1964), 16–18], and a connection with the Stokes phenomenon.
Dysfunktionale Metakognitionen im Jugendalter
Authors: Zimmermann Marie , Glemser Maximilian , Ertle Andrea
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Das metakognitive Modell legt nahe, dass dysfunktionale Metakognitionen für die Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung verschiedener emotionaler Störungen eine Rolle spielen. Diese Annahme konnte in Studien sowohl für Erwachsene als auch für Kinder und Jugendliche bestätigt werden. Fragestellung: Struktur und psychometrische Eigenschaften einer deutschen Version des Meta-cognitions Questionnaire – Adolescent Version (MCQ-A) zur Erfassung störungsrelevanter Metakognitionen wurden untersucht. Methode: Nach Erhebung von Daten an einer nicht-klinischen Stichprobe ( N = 221) wurde eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse durchgeführt. Interne Konsistenz, Test-Retest-Reliabilität sowie konvergente Validität wurden ermittelt. Ergebnisse: Die Struktur der englischen Originalversion konnte repliziert werden. Die deutschsprachigen Skalen des MCQ-A weisen gute Reliabilitäts- und Validitätskennwerte auf. Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorliegende deutsche Version des MCQ-A kann vorläufig als ein reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung dysfunktionaler Metakognitionen betrachtet werden.
Tracing the Imprint of River Runoff Variability on Arctic Water Mass Transformation
Authors: Lambert Erwin , Nummelin Aleksi , Pemberton Per , Ilıcak Mehmet
Published: December 2018

The Arctic Ocean receives a net freshwater input from land and from the atmosphere. This flux of freshwater, along with net surface heat loss, acts to transform the water mass properties of inflowing Atlantic and Pacific waters. In this study, model simulations are used to quantify the Arctic water mass transformation in salinity and temperature space, and its explained variance due to variability in the largest freshwater source to the Arctic: river runoff. This explained variance is quantified using a novel tool, the seasonal climate response function, which describes the magnitude and time scale of adjustment to a runoff perturbation at monthly resolution. Using this method, the transient response of Arctic water mass transformation is reconstructed over time scales ranging from several months to a decade. Model simulations with variable runoff indicate a significant explained model variance of several terms contributing to salinity transformation, including diffusion, the formation and melt of sea ice, and a possibly model‐dependent surface salinity‐restoring term. Most notably, an increase in river runoff strengthens the diffusion of salt and heat, which ultimately leads to an increase in the advective salt and heat import into the Arctic. These results provide evidence for the potential predictability of the Arctic system based on variability in river runoff.
Estimating the Deep Overturning Transport Variability at 26°N Using Bottom Pressure Recorders
Authors: Worthington E. L. , Frajka‐Williams E. , McCarthy G. D.
Published: December 2018

The RAPID mooring array at 26°N in the Atlantic has been observing the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) since 2004, with estimates of AMOC strength suggesting that it has declined over the 2004–2016 period. When AMOC transport is estimated, an external transport is added to the observed Ekman, Florida Straits, and baroclinic geostrophic transports to ensure zero net mass transport across the section. This approach was validated using the first year of RAPID data by estimating the external component directly from in situ bottom pressure data. Since bottom pressure recorders commonly show low‐frequency instrument drift, bottom pressure data had to be dedrifted prior to calculating the external component. Here we calculate the external component from 10 years of in situ bottom pressure data and evaluate two choices for dedrifting the records: traditional and adjusted using a Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) bottom pressure solution. We show that external transport estimated from GRACE‐adjusted, in situ bottom pressure data correlates better with the RAPID compensation transport (r=0.65,p<0.05) than using individually dedrifted bottom pressure recorders, particularly at low frequencies on timescales shorter than 10 years, demonstrating that the low‐frequency variability added from GRACE is consistent with the transport variability at RAPID. We further use the bottom pressure‐derived external transport to evaluate the zonal distribution of the barotropic transport variability and find that the transport variability is concentrated west of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge rather than uniformly distributed across the basin, as assumed in the RAPID calculation.
Petrogenesis and In Situ U‐Pb Geochronology of a Strongly Shocked L‐Melt Rock Northwest Africa 11042
Authors: Wu Yunhua , Hsu Weibiao
Published: December 2018

Northwest Africa (NWA) 11042, originally classified as a primitive achondrite with no chondritic relicts, is rather a unique L‐melt rock. It is a severely shocked, igneous‐textured ultramafic rock composed of euhedral to subhedral olivine (Fa25.1 ± 0.5) and pyroxenes (low‐Ca pyroxene Fs20.7 ± 0.8Wo4.2 ± 1.0 and Ca‐rich pyroxene Fs11.5 ± 0.5Wo37.6 ± 1.2) with interstitial albitic plagioclase (Ab80.7 ± 1.7Or5.0 ± 0.7) that has been completely converted to maskelynite. Mineral compositions are similar to those of equilibrated L‐chondrites. Melt pockets are scattered throughout the sample, containing high‐pressure minerals including ringwoodite, wadsleyite, jadeite, and lingunite. Merrillite and apatite in NWA 11042 contain significantly higher REE abundances than those of ordinary chondrites, indicative of igneous fractional crystallization. In situ U‐Pb dating of apatite in NWA 11042 reveals an upper intercept age of 4,479 ± 43 Myr and a lower intercept age of 465 ± 47 Myr on the normal U‐Pb concordia diagram. The upper intercept age recorded the time when NWA 11042 initially crystallized. This age is much younger than when the decay of short‐lived nuclides (e.g., 26Al) would act as a major heat source, suggesting that melting and crystallization of NWA 11042 could be otherwise triggered by an impact event. The lower intercept age represents a reset age due to a later impact event, which is in coincidence with the disruption event of L‐chondrite parent body at ~470 Myr. NWA 11042 is an excellent example to link igneous‐textured meteorites with a chondritic parent body through shock‐induced melting.
Compression and Decay of Hillslope Topographic Variance in Fourier Wavenumber Domain
Authors: Doane Tyler H. , Roth Danica L. , Roering Joshua J. , Furbish David J.
Published: December 2018

Three mathematical models of hillslope sediment transport are common: linear diffusion, nonlinear diffusion, and nonlocal transport. Each of these is supported by a different theory, but each contains land‐surface slope as a central ingredient. As such, land‐surface evolution by all three of these models is largely similar in that topographic highs degrade and lows fill in. However, details of land‐surface form reveal diagnostic clues to linear or nonlinear behavior of the land surface. We cast land‐surface evolution into wavenumber (Fourier) domain, which effectively separates signals into coarse‐ and fine‐scale elements of land‐surface form, such as hillslope‐valley sequences and pit‐mound features, respectively. In wavenumber domain linear diffusion results in vertical spectral decay, which is associated with landform straightening and smoothing of sharp concavities. Nonlinear diffusion results in spectral compression toward low wavenumbers, which is associated with landform lengthening and is similar to slope replacement. Nonlocal processes share elements of linearity or nonlinearity but are modified by the particular form of the distribution of particle travel distance. Ultimately, all processes tend toward zero topographic variance, but by distinctly different styles as revealed in wavenumber domain. Spectral compression by nonlinear processes can result in temporary spectral growth over certain spectral bands and is interpreted as a signature of nonlinear processes for certain landforms. The signatures come from the evolution of topographic details and landforms with sharp concavities highlight this behavior, whereas landforms with low concavities obscure these diagnostic behaviors.
Assessing Mechanisms and Uncertainty in Modeled Climatic Change at the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition
Authors: Kennedy‐Asser A. T. , Lunt D. J. , Farnsworth A. , Valdes P. J.
Published: December 2018

The Earth system changed dramatically across the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition (EOT) on a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Understanding the many complex and interacting factors affecting the Earth's atmosphere and oceans at the EOT requires the combination of both data and modeling approaches and an understanding of the uncertainty in both of these elements. Here uncertainty in the Earth system response to various imposed forcings typical of changes at the EOT is assessed. By using an ensemble of simulations from the fully coupled general circulation model, HadCM3L, the uncertainty due to differences in the boundary conditions and insufficient model spin‐up is quantified. The surface temperature response in high‐latitude ocean regions, particularly where deep water formation occurs, is found to be highly sensitive to differences in boundary conditions (i.e., have the greatest magnitude of uncertainty), while low‐latitude oceans are the most insensitive to differences in boundary conditions (i.e., have the lowest magnitude of uncertainty). The length of spin‐up (or how far the model is from equilibrium) can have a significant effect on the response to some forcings and on the magnitude of uncertainty due to differences in boundary conditions. These findings are important to consider for future modeling work and for interpreting previous published simulations.
A Robust Feature Extraction and Parameterized Fitting Algorithm for Bottom‐Side Oblique and Vertical Incidence Ionograms
Authors: Heitmann Andrew J. , Gardiner‐Garden Robert S.
Published: December 2018

Automatic processing of ionograms to extract ionospheric propagation characteristics and electron density profile parameters is an important enabling step toward constructing real time data‐assimilative models of the ionosphere. A robust and reliable feature extraction and fitting algorithm that supports both oblique and vertical incidence ionograms has recently been developed to enhance the regional ionospheric model for Australia's Jindalee Operational Radar Network. The so‐called DST‐IIP algorithm is an autoscaling technique based on a constrained quasi‐parabolic segment profile, which is modified from its climatological estimate to fit a set of key peak, edge, and line features in the ionogram image, representing the E, sporadic‐E (Es), and F2 layers. The F2 fitting, in particular, is performed in the ionogram domain, using analytic ray‐tracing and homing to produce a synthetic trace that reproduces the image features. Following thorough testing on a large database of midlatitude Australian ionograms, the DST‐IIP algorithm now runs routinely on‐board DST Group's Digital Oblique Receiving System. This paper provides an overview of the technique, along with sample results and performance statistics.
Thunderstorm charge structures producing gigantic jets
Authors: Boggs Levi D. , Liu Ningyu , Riousset Jeremy A. , Shi Feng , Lazarus Steven , Splitt Michael , K. Rassoul Hamid
Published: December 2018

Gigantic jets are atmospheric electrical discharges that propagate from the top of thunderclouds to the lower ionosphere. They begin as lightning leaders inside the thundercloud, and the thundercloud charge structure primarily determines if the leader is able to escape upward and form a gigantic jet. No observationally verified studies have been reported on the thundercloud charge structures of the parent storms of gigantic jets. Here we present meteorological observations and lightning simulation results to identify a probable thundercloud charge structure of those storms. The charge structure features a narrow upper charge region that forms near the end of an intense convective pulse. The convective pulse produces strong storm top divergence and turbulence, as indicated by large values of storm top radial velocity differentials and spectrum width. The simulations show the charge structure produces leader trees closely matching observations. This charge structure may occur at brief intervals during a thunderstorm’s evolution due to the brief nature of convective pulses, which may explain the rarity of gigantic jets compared to other forms of atmospheric electrical discharges.
Magneto-controlled flow-injection device for electrochemical immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein on magnetic beads using redox-active ferrocene derivative polymer nanospheres
Authors: Li Bin , Pu Wenyuan , Xu Houxi , Ge Lilin , Kwok Hang Fai , Hu Lihong
Published: December 2018

A new electrochemical immunosensing protocol by coupling with a magneto-controlled flow-through microfluidic device was developed for the sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) on magnetic beads (MB) using ferrocene derivative polymer nanospheres (FDNP) as the electroactive mediators.
AgSbF6-Catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydroboration of terminal alkynes
Authors: Mamidala Ramesh , Pandey Vipin K. , Rit Arnab
Published: December 2018

AgSbF6-Catalyzed atom-economic anti-Markovnikov hydroboration of terminal alkynes which works at room temperature under solvent-free condition to produce E-vinylboronates is developed.
Enzyme-responsive sulfatocyclodextrin/prodrug supramolecular assembly for controlled release of anti-cancer drug chlorambucil
Authors: Guan Xinran , Chen Yong , Wu Xuan , Li Peiyu , Liu Yu
Published: December 2018

A supramolecular assembly constructed using sulfatocyclodextrin and choline modified chlorambucil exhibits excellent enzyme-response activity and controlled drug release.
In situ confined-synthesis of mesoporous FeS2@C superparticles and their enhanced sodium-ion storage properties
Authors: Yao Luyin , Wang Biwei , Yang Yuchi , Chen Xiao , Hu Jianhua , Yang Dong , Dong Angang
Published: December 2018

Mesoporous superparticles composed of ultrasmall FeS2@C nanoparticles have been designed for high-performance Na-ion storage.
Preparation of different shaped α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with large particles of iron oxide red
Authors: Liu Jianxing , Yang He , Xue Xiangxin
Published: December 2018

Using anions (OH−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3− and CH3COOH−) as structure and surface directing agents, α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with quasi cube, parallel hexahedron, irregular sphere, nanosheet and hexagon shapes were successfully prepared by utilizing larger particles of iron oxide red.
In-plane misfits' localization in GaN via graphene-ELOG technology
Authors: Xu Yu , Su Xujun , Cao Bing , Li Zongyao , Liu Yi , Cai Demin , Zhang Yumin , Wang Jianfeng , Wang Chinhua , Xu Ke
Published: December 2018

Due to the lack of native GaN substrate, GaN-based devices are heteroepitaxially grown on foreign substrates.
Theoretical design of a series of 2D TM–C3N4 and TM–C3N4@graphene (TM = V, Nb and Ta) nanostructures with highly efficient catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Ting , Yu Guangtao , Liu Jingwei , Huang Xuri , Chen Wei
Published: December 2018

Coupled with high structural stability and metallic conductivity, all of the new composite systems TM–C3N4 and TM–C3N4@graphene (TM = V, Nb and Ta) can possess considerably high catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Optical lateral forces and torques induced by chiral surface-plasmon-polaritons and their potential applications in recognition and separation of chiral enantiomers
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Li Junqing , Liu Xingguang
Published: December 2018

The discrimination and separation of chiral enantiomers can be realized due to the quantum spin Hall effect of surface-plasmon-polaritons.
Carrier dynamics in highly excited TlInS2: evidence of 2D electron–hole charge separation at parallel layers
Authors: Grivickas Vytautas , Ščajev Patrik , Bikbajevas Vitalijus , Korolik Olga V. , Mazanik Alexander V.
Published: December 2018

Imprinted transient grating fringes in TlInS2 are attributed to new crystal phase formed by 2D electron–hole charge separation on local layers.
Radiative cooling of cationic carbon clusters, CN+, N = 8, 10, 13–16
Authors: Chen F.-Q. , Kono N. , Suzuki R. , Furukawa T. , Tanuma H. , Ferrari P. , Azuma T. , Matsumoto J. , Shiromaru H. , Zhaunerchyk V. , Hansen K.
Published: December 2018

Measured photon emission rate constants from thermally excited electronic states of small carbon cation clusters.
Photochemistry of 2-butenedial and 4-oxo-2-pentenal under atmospheric boundary layer conditions
Authors: Newland Mike J. , Rea Gerard J. , Thüner Lars P. , Henderson Alistair P. , Golding Bernard T. , Rickard Andrew R. , Barnes Ian , Wenger John
Published: December 2018

The photochemical mechanism of unsaturated 1,4-dicarbonyls proceeds predominantlyviaa ketene–enol which isomerises to a furanone.
Computational QM/MM investigation of the adsorption of MTH active species in H-Y and H-ZSM-5
Authors: Nastase S. A. F. , O’Malley A. J. , Catlow C. R. A. , Logsdail A. J.
Published: December 2018

The transformation of methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) has significant potential as a route to synthesise low-cost fuels; however, the initial stages of the zeolite catalysed MTH process are not well understood.
Unprecedented O:⇔:O compression and H↔H fragilization in Lewis solutions
Authors: Sun Chang Q.
Published: December 2018

Charge injection in terms of protons, lone pairs, cations and anions by acid and base solvation mediates the HB network and properties of Lewis solutions through H↔H fragilization, O:⇔:O compression and polarization, ionic polarization and hydrating H2O dipolar screen shielding, anion–anion repulsion, compressed solvent H–O bond elongation and undercoordinated solute H–O bond contraction.
Towards compartmentalized photocatalysis: multihaem proteins as transmembrane molecular electron conduits
Authors: Stikane Anna , Hwang Ee Taek , Ainsworth Emma V. , Piper Samuel E. H. , Critchley Kevin , Butt Julea N. , Reisner Erwin , Jeuken Lars J. C.
Published: December 2018

We show a proof-of-concept for using MtrCAB as a lipid membrane-spanning building block for compartmentalised photocatalysis that mimics photosynthesis.
Spectroscopy of corannulene cations in helium nanodroplets
Authors: Gatchell Michael , Martini Paul , Laimer Felix , Goulart Marcelo , Calvo Florent , Scheier Paul
Published: December 2018

We have measured the electronic spectra of corannulene cations decorated with He.
A tailored polymeric cationic tag–anionic Pd(ii) complex as a catalyst for the low-leaching Heck–Mizoroki coupling in flow and in biomass-derived GVL
Authors: Mahmoudi Hamed , Valentini Federica , Ferlin Francesco , Bivona Lucia Anna , Anastasiou Ioannis , Fusaro Luca , Aprile Carmela , Marrocchi Assunta , Vaccaro Luigi
Published: December 2018

A new polystyrene-type resin loaded with pincer-type imidazolium ionic tag has been very effective in the immobilization of [PdCl4]2− palladium complex leading to a very low leaching of the metal during its use in flow.
On-line reverse isotope dilution analysis for spatial quantification of elemental labels used in immunohistochemical assisted imaging mass spectrometry via LA-ICP-MS
Authors: Clases David , Gonzalez de Vega Raquel , Adlard Paul A. , Doble Philip A.
Published: December 2018

We present a novel on-line isotope dilution analysis (IDA) approach for the quantification of isotopically enriched metal labels used in immunohistochemical assisted imaging mass spectrometry.
Carbon-based nanomaterials as an emerging platform for theranostics
Authors: Patel Kapil D. , Singh Rajendra K. , Kim Hae-Won
Published: December 2018

Carbon-based nanomaterials emerge as promising platforms for theranostic applications in disease treatment and tissue repair.
Design and synthesis of highly twisted phenanthroimidazole substituted blue-emitting truxene based fluorescent chromophores
Authors: Kaur Banpreet , Moghe Dhanashree , Kabra Dinesh , Jacob Josemon
Published: December 2018

Highly twisted truxene–phenanthroimidazole conjugates have been designed to obtain blue chromophores. The materials show good quantum yields of up to 0.83 and predominant radiative pathways.
Enhanced gas-sensing performance of metal@ZnO core–shell nanoparticles towards ppb–ppm level benzene: the role of metal–ZnO hetero-interfaces
Authors: Gong Yan , Wu Xiaofeng , Chen Jiayuan , Li Wenhui , Han Ning , Zhang Donghai , Chen Yunfa
Published: December 2018

The enhanced gas-sensing performances of metal@ZnO are correlated to the work function differences between the contacted metal and ZnO.
Enhanced optical temperature sensing and upconversion emissions based on the Mn2+ codoped NaGdF4:Yb3+,Ho3+ nanophosphor
Authors: Qiang Qinping , Wang Yuhua
Published: December 2018

In this study, to explore new phosphors for temperature sensing with high detection sensitivity, Yb3+/Ho3+/Mn2+ doped hexagonal NaGdF4 nanoparticles were designed.
Direct synthesis of 8-acylated quinoline N-oxidesviapalladium-catalyzed selective C–H activation and C(sp2)–C(sp2) cleavage
Authors: Li Guang-Hui , Dong Dao-Qing , Yu Xian-Yong , Wang Zu-Li
Published: December 2018

An efficient method for the synthesis of 8-acylated quinoline N-oxides from the reaction of quinoline N-oxides with α-diketonesviaC–C bond cleavage was developed. A variety of quinoline N-oxides and α-diketones with different groups was well tolerated in this system.
Interfacial synthesis of ultrathin two-dimensional 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 nanosheets with high enzyme mimic catalytic activity
Authors: Wang Danbo , Kan Xiaonan , Wu Chenyu , Lin Xiaohuan , Zheng Haiyan , Li Kuo , Zhao Jikuan , Zhao Yingjie
Published: December 2018

Ultrathin two-dimensional 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 nanosheets have been facilely synthesized at the gas/liquid interface and exhibit higher catalytic activity as peroxidase mimetic for the oxidation of TMB.
Anti-phytopathogenic sesquiterpenoid-xanthone adducts from potato endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines
Authors: He Juan , Yang Man-Si , Wang Wen-Xiang , Li Zheng-Hui , Elkhateeb Waill Ahmed Mohamed , Wen Ting-Chi , Ai Hong-Lian , Feng Tao
Published: December 2018

Two sativene sesquiterpenoid-xanthone adducts from potato endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines
Correction: Quantum curcumin mediated inhibition of gingipains and mixed-biofilm of Porphyromonas gingivalis causing chronic periodontitis
Authors: Singh Ashish Kumar , Yadav Shivangi , Sharma Kavyanjali , Firdaus Zeba , Aditi Prerana , Neogi Kaushik , Bansal Monika , Gupta Munesh Kumar , Shanker Asheesh , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Prakash Pradyot
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Quantum curcumin mediated inhibition of gingipains and mixed-biofilm of Porphyromonas gingivalis causing chronic periodontitis’ by Ashish Kumar Singh et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 40426–40445.
Continuous flow kinetic resolution of a non-equimolar mixture of diastereoisomeric alcohol using a structured monolithic enzymatic microreactor
Authors: Strub Daniel Jan , Szymańska Katarzyna , Hrydziuszko Zofia , Bryjak Jolanta , Jarzębski Andrzej Bolesław
Published: December 2018

A remarkable space-time yield value of about 100 g h−1 L−1 has been achieved for the developed system.
Highly compact, free-standing porous electrodes from polymer-derived nanoporous carbons for efficient electrochemical capacitive deionization
Authors: Ji‡ Fei , Wang‡ Li , Yang Jason , Wu Xu , Li Mingqian , Jiang Shengli , Lin Shihong , Chen Zheng
Published: December 2018

Highly compact, nanoporous electrodes fabricated by slip-roll compressing of polypyrrole-derived activated microporous carbon particles enable efficient electrochemical capacitive deionization.
Correction: Graphene materials as a superior platform for advanced sensing strategies against gaseous ammonia
Authors: Vikrant Kumar , Kumar Vanish , Kim Ki-Hyun
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Graphene materials as a superior platform for advanced sensing strategies against gaseous ammonia’ by Kumar Vikrant et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 22391–22410.
A hybrid 3D-printed aspirin-laden liposome composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Li Yan , Bai Yanjie , Pan Jijia , Wang Hui , Li Hongming , Xu Xiao , Fu Xiaoming , Shi Rui , Luo Zuyuan , Li Yongliang , Li Qian , Fuh Jerry Y. H. , Wei Shicheng
Published: December 2018

Schematic illustration of hybrid 3D-printed aspirin-laden liposome composite scaffold.
Polymer-based multiferroic nanocompositesviadirected block copolymer self-assembly
Authors: Terzić Ivan , Meereboer Niels L. , Mellema Harm Hendrik , Loos Katja
Published: December 2018

Directed dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles inside self-assembled ferroelectric block copolymers holds promises for future improved multiferroics.
The KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) regulates type III interferon expression post-transcriptionally
Authors: Schmidtke Lisa , Schrick Katharina , Saurin Sabrina , Käfer Rudolf , Gather Fabian , Weinmann-Menke Julia , Kleinert Hartmut , Pautz Andrea
Published: December 2018

Type III interferons (IFNs) are the latest members of the IFN family. They play an important role in immune defense mechanisms, especially in antiviral responses at mucosal sites. Moreover, they control inflammatory reactions by modulating neutrophil and dendritic cell functions. Therefore, it is important to identify cellular mechanisms involved in the control of type III IFN expression. All IFN family members contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of their mRNAs that determine mRNA half-life and consequently the expressional level of these cytokines. mRNA stability is controlled by different proteins binding to these AREs leading to either stabilization or destabilization of the respective target mRNA. The KH-type splicing regulatory protein KSRP (also named KHSRP) is an important negative regulator of ARE-containing mRNAs. Here, we identify the interferon lambda 3 (IFNL3) mRNA as a new KSRP target by pull-down and immunoprecipitation experiments, as well as luciferase reporter gene assays. We characterize the KSRP-binding site in the IFNL3 3′-UTR and demonstrate that KSRP regulates the mRNA half-life of the IFNL3 transcript. In addition, we detect enhanced expression of IFNL3 mRNA in KSRP−/− mice, establishing a negative regulatory function of KSRP in type III IFN expression also in vivo. Besides KSRP the RNA-binding protein AUF1 (AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1) also seems to be involved in the regulation of type III IFN mRNA expression.
Transporter oligomerisation: roles in structure and function
Authors: Cecchetti Cristina , Pyle Euan , Byrne Bernadette
Published: December 2018

Oligomerisation is a key feature of integral membrane transporters with roles in structure, function and stability. In this review, we cover some very recent advances in our understanding of how oligomerisation affects these key transporter features, with emphasis on a few groups of transporters, including the nucleobase ascorbate transporters, neurotransmitter sodium symporters and major facilitator superfamily members.
Noise in bacterial gene expression
Authors: Engl Christoph
Published: December 2018

The expression level of a gene can fluctuate significantly between individuals within a population of genetically identical cells. The resultant phenotypic heterogeneity could be exploited by bacteria to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Noise is hence a genome-wide phenomenon that arises from the stochastic nature of the biochemical reactions that take place during gene expression and the relatively low abundance of the molecules involved. The production of mRNA and proteins therefore occurs in bursts, with alternating episodes of high and low activity during transcription and translation. Single-cell and single-molecule studies demonstrated that noise within gene expression is influenced by a combination of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, our mechanistic understanding of this process at the molecular level is still rather limited. Further investigation is necessary that takes into account the detailed knowledge of gene regulation gained from biochemical studies.
The extracellular matrix–myosin pathway in mechanotransduction: from molecule to tissue
Authors: Popa Ionel , Gutzman Jennifer H.
Published: December 2018

Mechanotransduction via the extracellular matrix (ECM)–myosin pathway is involved in determining cell morphology during development and in coupling external transient mechanical stimuli to the reorganization of the cytoskeleton. Here, we present a review on the molecular mechanisms involved in this pathway and how they influence cellular development and organization. We investigate key proteins involved in the ECM–myosin pathway and discuss how specific binding events and conformational changes under force are related to mechanical signaling. We connect these molecular mechanisms with observed morphological changes at the cellular and organism level. Finally, we propose a model encompassing the biomechanical signals along the ECM–myosin pathway and how it could be involved in cell adhesion, cell migration, and tissue architecture.
Impact of LRIC pricing and demand response on generation and transmission expansion planning
Authors: Saxena Kritika , Bhakar Rohit
Published: December 2018

Traditional expansion planning models reflect usage‐based practices and do not consider the complete utilisation of existing resources. This problem arises due to non‐inclusion of price‐based incentives provided to the consumers who incur additional network reinforcement or expansion cost. The paper proposes a generation and transmission expansion planning framework that includes price‐based incentives to define the future nodal load growth. The framework implements long‐run incremental cost (LRIC)‐based pricing signals for economically distributed demand to minimise consumer usage charges as well as network investment. Peak demand conditions by consumers are further minimised by the time‐of‐use‐based demand response mechanism. The combined effects of price‐based response and demand response are reflected in the future demand which serves as the basis for combined generation and transmission expansion planning. The case studies highlight the drawbacks of the conventional approaches which does not maximise the utilisation of existing grid resources while the proposed framework results in delayed investment strategies as a collective effort of the users and planner to optimise grid resources and the cost of assessing the electricity.
Fully distributed AC power flow (ACPF) algorithm for distribution systems
Authors: Pourbabak Hajir , Ajao Adetokunbo , Chen Tao , Su Wencong
Published: December 2018

Power flow is one of the basic tools for system operation and control. Due to its nature, which determines the complex nodal voltages, line flows, currents and losses, it enforces a large computation load on a power system. A distributed/decentralised algorithm unburdens the central controller and shares the total computation load with all agents. Therefore, such algorithms are an effective method for dealing with power flow complexity. In this study, a distributed method based on a linearised AC power system is proposed. First, the linearisation procedure of a comprehensive non‐linear AC power flow (ACPF) is detailed. Second, a distributed method is presented based upon the linear ACPF equations. Three case studies are presented to evaluate the overall performance of the proposed method. In the first case study, the accuracy level of both linearised ACPF and distributed ACPF is assessed. In the second case study, the dynamic performance of distributed ACPF is investigated based on the load sudden changes. In the third case study, the scalability of the proposed distributed ACPF is evaluated by applying it to a larger power system.
Multi‐stage coordination optimisation control in hybrid AC/DC distribution network with high‐penetration renewables based on SOP and VSC
Authors: Cong Pengwei , Tang Wei , Lou Chengwei , Zhang Bo , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: December 2018

Power electronic devices such as soft open point (SOP) and voltage source converter (VSC) begin to be applied to distribution networks, which are developed into hybrid AC/DC distribution networks. Both power electronic equipment and conventional control devices, such as tie switches, coexist in a hybrid AC/DC distribution network, and the coordination optimisation of these control devices can eliminate the risks caused by high‐penetration renewable energy generation (REG) integration. Here, the structure of the hybrid AC/DC distribution networks with SOP and VSC is analysed. A multi‐stage coordination control method is proposed, including day‐ahead stage, inner‐day stage, and real‐time stage. In the day‐ahead stage, a sequential coordination optimisation model considering network reconfiguration by switches is established; in the inner‐day stage, a loop‐locked rolling optimisation control model based on model predictive control is built, to reduce the influence of the REG randomness output; in the real‐time stage, voltage deviations are minimised in risk scenarios by regulating powers of SOP and VSC. Mixed‐integer second‐order cone programming algorithm is adopted to realise the coordination optimisation of SOP, VSC, and tie switch. The results show that the proposed method can increase REG penetrations and improve voltage quality and economic benefit of the hybrid AC/DC distribution network.
Feedback in W49A diagnosed with radio recombination lines and models
Authors: Rugel M. R. , Rahner D. , Beuther H. , Pellegrini E. W. , Wang Y. , Soler J. D. , Ott J. , Brunthaler A. , Anderson L. D. , Mottram J. C. , Henning T. , Goldsmith P. F. , Heyer M. , Klessen R. S. , Bihr S. , Menten K. M. , Smith R. J. , Urquhart J. S. , Ragan S. E. , Glover S. C. O. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Bigiel F. , Roy N.
Published: December 2018

We present images of radio recombination lines (RRLs) at wavelengths around 17 cm from the star-forming region W49A to determine the kinematics of ionized gas in the THOR survey (The H I/OH/Recombination line survey of the inner Milky Way) at an angular resolution of 16.′′8 × 13.′′8. The distribution of ionized gas appears to be affected by feedback processes from the star clusters in W49A. The velocity structure of the RRLs shows a complex behavior with respect to the molecular gas. We find a shell-like distribution of ionized gas as traced by RRL emission surrounding the central cluster of OB stars in W49A. We describe the evolution of the shell with the recent feedback model code WARPFIELD that includes the important physical processes and has previously been applied to the 30 Doradus region in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The cloud structure and dynamics of W49A are in agreement with a feedback-driven shell that is re-collapsing. The shell may have triggered star formation in other parts of W49A. We suggest that W49A is a potential candidate for star formation regulated by feedback-driven and re-collapsing shells.
Analysis of Causality Relationship Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions to Economic Growth based on the LEAP Model Case Study of Energy Consumption in Indonesia 2010-2025)
Authors: Nugrahanto Candra Arie , Windarta Jaka , Aminata Jaka
Published: December 2018

This study discusses scenarios and analyzes the causal relationship of energy consumption and CO2 emissions to economic growth in Indonesia period 2010-2025. The modeling scenario is divided into 6 sections, namely BAU scenario, High scenario, Low scenario, High-Low scenario, Low-High scenario and Policy scenario. The result of scenario data is processed by performing statistical data modeling and econometric period 2010-2025. The research method used interpolation method and causality testing method. The tools are used in this research is LEAP and EViews. LEAP is used for energy modeling as well as CO2 emissions and EViews is used to manage data, analyze econometrics and statistics. The results of this study show that economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions at 6 scenario indicate fluctuated competitive growth. This study proves that only 1 scenario has direct causality relationship that is only energy consumption which statistically significant influence economic growth in Policy scenario. For economic growth and CO2 emissions there are 4 scenarios that have direct causality (BAU, High, High -Low, Low-High scenario), 1 scenario has no causality relationship (Low scenario) and 1 scenario has two -way causality relationship (Policy scenario).
Characteristics Surface Temperature of Solar Cell Polycrystalline Type to Output Power
Authors: Pujotomo Isworo , Aita Diantari Retno
Published: December 2018

To meet the needs of electrical energy, there are alternative energy sources such as solar power in a form of solar power plant. An important equipment aim to handle the of converting of solar energy into electrical energy are solar cells. The development of devices used to modify solar energy into electrical energy has been done since the mid-first half of the last century. Gradually the device is named by scientists with a photovoltaic device, or so-called solar cells (solar cell. This research tested polycrystalline solar module in sunny weather, bright cloudy and overcast. The test results show the effect of solar cell surface temperature to the value of its output power [1]. The condition of the polycrystalline solar panels will work optimally at the measured 32° C - 50° C temperature range on the surface of the solar cell.