bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PENYEBARLUASAN PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL (PSK) DI EKS LOKASI PROSTITUSI SUMBER LOH DESA BENELAN KIDUL
Authors: Ulum Zebfri Bahril Ulum , Wilujeng Sri Wilujeng , Vitasari Leni Vitasari
Published: July 2024

Role Of The Village Government In The Prevention And Control Of The Distribution Of Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) In The Former Prostitution Location Of Sumber Loh Benelan Kidul Village. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the village government in the prevention and control of the distribution of Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) in the former prostitution location of Sumber Loh, and to find out what internal and external factors are hampering the village government in preventing and controlling the spread of  CSWs in the former prostitution location Sumber Loh, Benelan Kidul Village. The results of the study show that the role of the village government in the prevention and control of the distribution of Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) in Sumber Loh has already been carried out, such as: first the 1x24 forward must report to the local RT, data must be reported to the above village government unit once a month. Third Da'wah with a spiritual splash or routine recitation conducted at Sumber Loh. And fourthly Training or Empowerment for Benelan Kidul villagers in general. The roles are still in planning such as: firstly the empowerment effort by providing culinary tourism or a snack market near Sumber Loh. And second is the revitalization of the sports center carried out by the village government which is expected to narrow the scope of prostitution activities. While internal and external factors that hamper the role of the government are also still found. This is based on the results of interviews and observations that have been carried out, where the village head and some of his staff and elements in Sumber Loh as informants provide information to researchers for research needs.
IMPLEMENTASI PERBUP NO 11 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PEMBIAYAAN PTSL DIBEBANKAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT (Studi Desa Kepundungan Kecamatan Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi)
Authors: Amalia Khusnul Amalia , Rahayu Sri Rahayu , Imaniar Dimas Imaniar
Published: July 2024

Implementation Of Regent Regulation Number 11 Of 2018 Concerning Pembiayaan Persiapan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap Yang Dibebankan Kepada Masyarakat (Study In Kepundungan Village Srono District Banyuwangi Regency).The purpose of this study is to find out what factors influence in order to Implementation of Bupati Regulation Number 11 of 2018 concerning Pembiayaan Persiapan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap Yang Dibebankan Kepada Masyarakat (Study in Kepundungan Village, Srono District, Banyuwangi Regency). The method used in the study is a qualitative method by collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation. The sample was selected using a purposive sample technique in which the sampling of data sources with certain considerations ie the source of the data was considered the most knowledgeable about what was studied. While data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) study in Kepundungan Village, Srono Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency in terms of George Edward III theory, included clarity of communication and human resources, as a whole is not optimal. This is based on the results of interviews and observations that have been carried out, where village officials as informants provide information to researchers for research needs.
Pore-scale simulation of water pathway plugging using gel particles in oil reservoirs
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu
Published: July 2024

Multiphase flow with particles in porous media exists in a wide range of natural and engineering processes, such as water flooding for enhanced oil recovery and profile control with water pathway plugging. Although quite a few experimental and simulation studies have been conducted to investigate the multiphase flow with gel particles, and it’s still challenging to visualize and quantify the pore-scale flow process. This study, integrating the two-phase lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) with the immersed boundary method, modeled the flow of oil-water-deformable particle system in porous media. LBM is used to calculate the residual oil distribution in porous media after water flooding, and the immersed boundary method is coupled to consider the particle-fluid, particle-particle, and particle-wall interactions. The advantage of this coupled simulation is that the changes in residual oil distribution can be obtained in real-time while tracking particle migration and plugging. Results indicate that the injected deformable particles plug water dominant channels, diverting water flow into the low permeability zone and enhance oil recovery. The differences in the plugging process between the cooperative plugging by multiple particles and that by a single particle are illustrated. This study helps researchers better understand the multiphase flow in heterogeneous reservoirs during water flooding using gel particles.
BEYOND THE ARAB SPRING: FLAKES OF PRE-NATION-STATES HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF THE ARABS
Authors: IHSAN MUHAMMAD ABDILLAH
Published: July 2024

This article talks about the Arab Spring phenomenon using a different perspective. The author tries to guide the historical factors of the formation of nation-states in the Middle East and North Africa after the collapse of the Ottoman Turkish Empire with various factors that have a significant influence. Moving on from the failure of the unity of the Ummah which was carried out by the spirit of Pan-Islamism of the Ottoman Turks, which was followed by the failure of Pan-Turkism and Pan-Arabism, brought the Muslim community into the trap of narrow nationalism that was regionalistic and very tribal, group, and sectarian. These tribal, group, and sectarian fragments have a big contribution in creating the pre- and post-Arab Spring conditions that haven't found the dream; democratization, non-discrimination, and social and economic equality. Another assumption, Islam, as the main religion of Arab society, gives a positive response, or at least passively for the continuation of narrow nationalism which is identical to the interests of small groups and is contrary to the spirit of the unity of the ummah. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore processes, activities, and events. The data data taken from relevant documents and uses a holistic analysis technique by narrative-descriptive approach. In the end, this research concludes the typical tribalist and sectarian Arab culture and historical factors contributed to the gaps in Arab society which culminated in the Arab Spring.
Comparative analysis of transition use in ELT research introductions: Thai versus international authors
Authors: Sirijanchuen Natthaphong
Published: July 2024

Exploring how academic writing styles differ across cultures provides additional insights into scholarly communication practices. This study therefore investigated the use of transition markers in the Introduction sections of ELT research articles written by Thai and international authors, aiming to uncover the differences on their academic writing. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzed 50 introductions from two reputable Scopus-indexed journals, focusing on the frequency and types of transitions employed in the primary move structure based on Swales’ CARS model (2004): Move 1: Establishing a Territory, Move 2: Establishing a Niche, and Move 3: Presenting the Present Work. The findings revealed that Thai authors (TA) utilize transition markers more extensively, emphasizing explicit connections to enhance clarity and coherence. Conversely, international authors (IA) demonstrate a preference for a minimalistic approach, using fewer transitions and relying more on reader inference. The study highlights significant rhetorical and stylistic differences influenced by educational and cultural backgrounds. The study offers insights for designing targeted academic writing instruction to accommodate diverse rhetorical preferences in global scholarly discourse.
PENGARUH INFLASI, NILAI TUKAR, JUMLAH UANG YANG BEREDAR, DAN JUMLAH REKSADANA SYARIAH TERHADAP NILAI AKTIVA BERSIH REKSADANA SYARIAH DI INDONESIA DENGAN METODE VECTOR ERROR CORRECTION MODEL (VECM)
Authors: Wulandari Dinda , Linda Roza
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jangka panjang dan jangka pendek Inflasi, Nilai Tukar (Kurs), Jumlah Uang Yang Beredar, dan Jumlah Reksadana Syariah terhadap Nilai Aktiva Bersih Reksadana Syariah di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis Vector Auto Regressive (VAR)/Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), serta pengujian hipotesisnya menggunakan aplikasi Eviews versi 10. Hasil estimasi VECM pada jangka panjang nilai tukar (kurs) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap NAB reksadana syariah, inflasi dan jumlah uang beredar memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap NAB reksadana Syariah, dan jumlah reksadana syariah  tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap NAB reksadana syariah. Sedangkan pada jangka pendek inflasi memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap NAB reksadana syariah, nilai tukar (kurs) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap NAB reksadana syariah, dan jumlah uang beredar tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap NAB reksadana syariah.
ANALISIS PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN, INKLUSI KEUANGAN, DAN FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY TERHADAP UMKM DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Damayanti Umi Rachmah , Nirmala Ade Ria
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan dan financial Technology terhadap kinerja UMKM d kota Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskripkif kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden UMKM di Kota Pekanbaru yang telah memenuhi kriteia sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan secara parsial literasi keuangan dan Financial Technology berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja keuangan UMKM di kota Pekanbaru. Koefisien Determinasi (R2) dengan nilai adjusted R square 0,230 atau 23,0% yang menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan, dan financial Technology berpengaruh sebesar 23,0% terhadap kinerja keuangan, sementara sisanya 77% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak digunakan dalam penelitian ini.
Presentación del dossier. Literatura y escritura hecha por mujeres en el siglo XXI: lenguaje y (re) posicionamientos posibles en la literatura latinoamericana contemporánea
Authors: Velásquez Lorena M. , Troconis Irina R.
Published: July 2024

N/A
El desborde requiere contención: análisis de «ola» como metáfora migratoria de categoría patética
Authors: Velutini Victoria
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar tres titulares que utilizan la metáfora de la ola para referirse al movimiento migratorio en la frontera mexicana con Estados Unidos. En función del corpus escogido, se trabajará con el enfoque pragmático-semántico de Chamizo (1998), cuya propuesta engloba el estudio lexical y contextual, combinado con la Teoría de la Valoración de Martin y White (2005), específicamente con la categoría actitud, para deconstruir el significado subyacente de enunciados como «La covid y la ola de migrantes desbordan a refugios e iglesias en la frontera». De esta forma, será posible poner en evidencia cómo las metáforas patéticas son herramientas que, en forma indirecta, persuaden y manipulan al lector.
Diálogos e perspectivas da análise crítica do discurso
Authors: Adrián Segovia Thays
Published: July 2024

N/A
La orgía imaginaria en Violación en Polanco
Authors: Monroy Argenis
Published: July 2024

El siguiente artículo explora cómo la novela Violación en Polanco (1980) del escritor mexicano Armando Ramírez (1952-2019) utiliza la violencia para construir una «fabula de identidad» (Ludmer, 1995). La construcción del delincuente o «anormal» (Foucault, 2000), a través del discurso literario, podría pensarse como una mediación simbólica (Williams, 1980) del fracaso de la modernidad en Latinoamérica. La investigación muestra que a partir de la «violencia subjetiva» (Žižek, 2009) que escenifica, esta obra literaria puede considerarse una novela negra o criminal, según las consideraciones de teóricos del género como Ricardo Piglia, Ignacio Paco Taibo II y Mempo Giardinelli. Por lo tanto, la novela de Ramírez se constituye en un texto crítico sobre la realidad social mexicana de fines de siglo XX.
Palabras clave: Armando Ramírez, literatura mexicana, violencia, crimen, novela negra.
Televisión digital terrestre
Authors: López Andrés , Eduardo Elvis , Carlos Juan
Published: July 2024

Este libro recopila los resultados más importantes del proyecto de investigación titulado Metodología para el diseño y planificación de redes de televisión digital terrestre en entornos urbanos y rurales en Colombia, desarrollado por el Grupo de Investigación en Telecomunicaciones de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (GITUD) de la Facultad de Ingeniería. En este manuscrito se propone el desarrollo de una metodología que estandarice la planificación y la puesta en marcha de redes de televisión digital terrestre, herramienta que podrá ser aprovechada y utilizada por los diferentes operadores de televisión abierta del país para el diseño y el despliegue de redes homogéneas; se garantizan así niveles de servicio equivalentes y se minimizan los riesgos de autointerferencia e interferencia de canal adyacente entre operadores. El uso de esta metodología beneficiará a los usuarios de televisión, pues promueve la utilización de una única infraestructura de recepción y coadyuva a las administraciones estatales en la gestión eficiente del espectro electromagnético.
Analítica de datos y rendimiento académico
Authors: Emiro Leonardo , Mauricio Giovanny , Javier Héctor
Published: July 2024

En la literatura se encuentran diversos medios que, según las in-vestigaciones, facilitan o ayudan al proceso educativo, como los dispositivos móviles (tabletas y teléfonos) y los reproductores de música como medio de formación de los estudiantes; este proceso es conocido como Mobile Learning (M-Learning). De forma similar, se encuentran también los juegos como estrategia de enseñanza (Game-Learning o G-Learning), así como el uso de las potenciali-dades del aprendizaje electrónico (E-Learning) y de la enseñanza presencial, que dan origen al aprendizaje bimodal (B-Learning).a analítica del aprendizaje (learning analytics) es un nuevo para-digma desarrollado por la generación de un alto volumen de datos que requieren ser analizados por herramientas cada vez más so-fisticadas, como el software de visualización, que ha incursionado en diferentes disciplinas como la física, la ingeniería, la biología y la medicina; el aprendizaje recibe la incursión debido a medios tecnológicos como internet y plataformas conocidas como siste-mas de gestión de aprendizaje.n este documento se analiza la información bibliográfica, con el objetivo de identificar las herramientas, variables y campos que influyen sobre el rendimiento académico a nivel superior. El ren-dimiento académico es uno de los indicadores más estudiados por la comunidad científica en el ámbito educativo, a juzgar por la cantidad de trabajos que involucran las áreas de la psicología, la estadística y la ciencia de datos en los que se han establecido diversos modelos que permitan comprender este fenómeno de la vida académica.
Dari Toleransi ke Koeksistensi: Eksplorasi Konseptual Pendidikan Islam dan Multikulturalisme dalam Menghadapi Radikalisme
Authors: Ardhy Andi Anugrah Surya
Published: July 2024

This research aims to conceptually explore the integration of multicultural values ​​in Islamic education and its potential to overcome radicalism and promote a more inclusive and peaceful society. The researcher used a library research approach. This research examined various scientific books, journals, research results, and academic discussions relevant to Islamic education and multiculturalism. Hermeneutic analysis techniques deepen understanding of how Islamic education can be enriched with a multicultural approach. Findings show that the current Islamic education curriculum often lacks comprehensive integration of multicultural aspects that can encourage active coexistence. Therefore, this research proposes curriculum reform that educates about tolerance and actively promotes coexistence through a more inclusive and transformative approach. It includes developing teaching materials to encourage a deep understanding of other religions and active social engagement among students from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. Islamic education integrated with multicultural values ​​has significant potential to reduce radicalism and strengthen the foundations of a tolerant and harmonious society. Implementation requires collaboration between policymakers, educators, and community stakeholders to develop and implement curricula supporting coexistence and diversity. This research provides new insights into the strategic role of Islamic education in the current global context and offers practical recommendations for educational reform oriented towards coexistence and inclusivity.
Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat (Phbs) Sebagai Upaya Menciptakan Lingkungan Sehat Di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Adinda Riski Amalia  , Andung Dwi Haryanto
Published: July 2024

Pondok pesantren merupakan sebuah lembaga pendidikan Islam yang siswanya tinggal bersama dan belajar di bawah bimbingan guru yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan kiai dan mempunyai asrama untuk tempat istirahat santri. Santri mempunyai kebiasaan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) yang masih rendah dibuktikan dengan banyak santri di pondok pesantren akibat dari kurang disiplin menjalankan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat , menderita scabies/skabies, penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas (ISPA), penyakit gastritis, kecacingan, dan penyakit kulit. Kondisi tersebut diakibatkan oleh kondisi kebersihan diri santri dan sanitasi yang kurang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peran PHBS dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang sehat, PHBS dan sanitasi di pondok pesantren, upaya-upaya dalam mewujudkan PHBS di lingkungan pondok pesantren. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan studi pustaka (library research) didukung sumber data yaitu dokumen yang berhubungan dengan fokus penelitian seperi buku, jurnal, website,artikel berita. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PHBS menjadikan masyarakat pesantren mampu secara mandiri berperan aktif mencegah penyakit dan meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan kebersihan di lingkungan pesantren. Untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat lingkungan pondok pesantren perlu adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan santri tentang kesehatan secara umum sehingga diharapkan ada perubahan sikap serta diikuti dengan perilaku kebersihan perorangan. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat pondok pesantren meliputi pendirian poskestren, penyuluhan, pengajaran,implementasi PHBS yang mulai dilakukan setiap santri, budaya hidup bersih di lingkungan pondok pesantren.
PANDEMIC AND THE ANECDOTE OF INDIA’S WELFARE STATE
Authors: Dubey Siddhant , Natani Shrishti
Published: July 2024

A total of 198 workers lost their lives during all the phases of lockdown. As per a report of the International Labor Organization [‘ILO’] and Asian Development Bank [‘ADB’], 41 lakh Indian youth lost their jobs owing to the Pandemic. Human Rights Watch reported that more than 1.5 billion students are out of school already. Incidents of communal violence and religious discrimination in the country have ballooned since the outbreak of coronavirus. This pandemic came at the time when India was already among the most hunger struck countries in the world, corroborated by the Global Hunger Index [‘GHI’] ranking India 102 among 117 countries. Besides all this, India is a country with the 3rd most number of deaths in the world, and its healthcare infrastructure is failing the citizens
IS COVID-19 AN EXCUSE FOR NON-PERFORMANCE AND NON-ENFORCEABILITY OF BUSINESS CONTRACTS? ANSWERS FROM ECONOMIC ANALYSIS WITH A BRAZILIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bento Lucas Fulanete G , Scussel2 Matheus
Published: July 2024

(a) In any contract, parties only perform because it is worthy for them, and law surely can influence their behavior making sure it is not worth breaching. (b) Business contracts with different moment of payment can be addressed as a form of investment, since the party that pays first holds the default risk while financing the activity of the counterparty. (c) COVID 19 imposes great burden and uncertainty towards the contracts and courts may aggravate such uncertainty. (d) Statutory or jurisprudence provisions are not prepared for COVID 19. (e) For its characteristics as Business counterparties, neither of the parties are interested in losing a recurrent investor or a recurrent investment. (f) The Coase theorem, once again, shows itself as the best perspective of analysis. Since neither the Courts nor the statutory provisions can interfere efficiently, only the parties, if in a built environment of low transaction costs, will allocate the burdens in an efficient way.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DENGAN 3M PLUS DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOTA PARIAMAN
Authors: SYAHRUL SYAHRUL , ZAYANI NOFRI , YUNTARISA ATIKA PRADANA , ELIZA AIDA
Published: July 2024

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a health problem in tropical countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023 reported that an unexpected spike in dengue fever cases resulted in the highest number in history, namely more than 6.5 million cases with more than 7,300 deaths. The prevalence of DHF in West Sumatra in 2020 was 292 cases. The purpose of the study was to determine the Relationship between Knowledge and Community Attitudes Towards DHF Prevention with 3M Plus in the Pariaman Health Center work area. The research method used quantitative research with a descriptive analytical design with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The study was conducted in Kp. Jawa II, Central Pariaman. The research sample was 85 heads of families. Sampling was done by acidential sampling. Statistical tests using Chi Square. The results of the study showed that the majority of the community (69.4%) had low knowledge, (56.5%) had negative attitudes, and (65.9%) the community was low in preventing DHF with 3M Plus. There is a significant relationship between knowledge of dengue prevention and 3M Plus showing p value = 0.000. There is a significant relationship between attitude and dengue prevention with 3M Plus showing p value = 0.000.
PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN HOME CARE TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN (ACTIVITY DAILY LIVING) PADA PENDERITA STROKE NON HEMORAGIK DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PARIAMAN
Authors: AULIA FAJRI FEBRINI , AMELIATI SRI , SARI DELFIA MAITA
Published: July 2024

A person who has a stroke cannot do their daily activities which causes them to become less independent and need help from others so that patients must get home care services to train their independence again. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of implementing home care on independence (activity daily living) in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area in 2024. This type of research is quantitative research with the research method being a pre-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area on March 18 to March 25, 2024. The population in this study was 39 people, while the sample taken was 16 people. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in independence in activity daily living after home care was given to stroke patients. The implementation of home care has an effect on independence (activity daily living) in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area (p=value 0.000 < (α 0.05). In conclusion, the provision of home care by nurses has an effect on independence (activity daily living) in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients in the Pariaman Health Center Work Area in 2024.
ATUM-Tomo: A multi-scale approach to cellular ultrastructure by combined volume scanning electron microscopy and electron tomography
Authors: Kislinger Georg , Fabig Gunar , Wehn Antonia , Rodriguez Lucia , Jiang Hanyi , Niemann Cornelia , Klymchenko Andrey S , Plesnila Nikolaus , Misgeld Thomas , Müller-Reichert Thomas , Khalin Igor , Schifferer Martina
Published: July 2024

Like other volume electron microscopy approaches, Automated Tape Collecting Ultramicrotomy (ATUM) enables imaging of serial sections deposited on thick plastic tapes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ATUM is unique in enabling hierarchical imaging and thus efficient screening for target structures, as needed for correlative light and electron microscopy. However, SEM of sections on tape can only access the section surface, thereby limiting the axial resolution to the typical size of cellular vesicles with an order of magnitude lower than the acquired xy resolution. In contrast, serial-section electron tomography (ET), a transmission electron microscopy-based approach, yields isotropic voxels at full EM resolution, but requires deposition of sections on electron-stable thin and fragile films, thus making screening of large section libraries difficult and prone to section loss. To combine the strength of both approaches, we developed ‘ATUM-Tomo’, a hybrid method, where sections are first reversibly attached to plastic tape via a dissolvable coating, and after screening detached and transferred to the ET-compatible thin films. ATUM-SEM of serial semi-thick sections and consecutive ET of selected re-mounted sections combines SEM’s fast target recognition and coarse rendering capability with high-resolution volume visualizations, respectively, thus enabling multi-scale interrogation of cellular ultrastructure. As a proof-of-principle, we applied correlative ATUM-Tomo to study ultrastructural features of blood brain barrier (BBB) leakiness around microthrombi in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Microthrombi and associated sites of BBB leakiness were identified by confocal imaging of injected fluorescent and electron-dense nanoparticles, then relocalized by ATUM-SEM, and finally interrogated by correlative ATUM-Tomo. This workflow is a seamless zoom-in on structural BBB pathology from the micro- to the nanometer scale. Overall, our new ATUM-Tomo approach will substantially advance ultrastructural analysis of biological phenomena that require cell- and tissue-level contextualization of the finest subcellular textures.
Multi-omic analysis of bat versus human fibroblasts reveals altered central metabolism
Authors: Jagannathan N Suhas , Koh Javier Yu Peng , Lee Younghwan , Sobota Radoslaw Mikolaj , Irving Aaron T , Wang Lin-fa , Itahana Yoko , Itahana Koji , Tucker-Kellogg Lisa
Published: July 2024

Bats have unique characteristics compared to other mammals, including increased longevity and higher resistance to cancer and infectious disease. While previous studies have analyzed the metabolic requirements for flight, it is still unclear how bat metabolism supports these unique features, and no study has integrated metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics to characterize bat metabolism. In this work, we performed a multi-omics data analysis using a computational model of metabolic fluxes to identify fundamental differences in central metabolism between primary lung fibroblast cell lines from the black flying fox fruit bat (Pteropus alecto) and human. Bat cells showed higher expression levels of Complex I components of electron transport chain (ETC), but, remarkably, a lower rate of oxygen consumption. Computational modeling interpreted these results as indicating that Complex II activity may be low or reversed, similar to an ischemic state. An ischemic-like state of bats was also supported by decreased levels of central metabolites and increased ratios of succinate to fumarate in bat cells. Ischemic states tend to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which would be incompatible with the longevity of bats. However, bat cells had higher antioxidant reservoirs (higher total glutathione and higher ratio of NADPH to NADP) despite higher mitochondrial ROS levels. In addition, bat cells were more resistant to glucose deprivation and had increased resistance to ferroptosis, one of the characteristics of which is oxidative stress. Thus, our studies revealed distinct differences in the ETC regulation and metabolic stress responses between human and bat cells.
Unraveling the role of urea hydrolysis in salt stress response during seed germination and seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Bu Yuanyuan , Dong Xingye , Zhang Rongrong , Shen Xianglian , Liu Yan , Wang Shu , Takano Tetsuo , Liu Shenkui
Published: July 2024

Urea is intensively utilized as a nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture, originating either from root uptake or from catabolism of arginine by arginase. Despite its extensive use, the underlying physiological mechanisms of urea, particularly its adverse effects on seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress, remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that salt stress induces excessive hydrolysis of arginine-derived urea, leading to an increase in cytoplasmic pH within seed radical cells, which, in turn, triggers salt-induced inhibition of seed germination (SISG) and hampers seedling growth. Our findings challenge the long-held belief that ammonium accumulation and toxicity are the primary causes of SISG, offering a novel perspective on the mechanism underlying these processes. This study provides significant insights into the physiological impact of urea hydrolysis under salt stress, contributing to a better understanding of SISG.
Energetic demands regulate sleep-wake rhythm circuit development
Authors: Poe Amy R , Zhu Lucy , Tang Si Hao , Valencia Ella , Kayser Matthew S
Published: July 2024

Sleep and feeding patterns lack strong daily rhythms during early life. As diurnal animals mature, feeding is consolidated to the day and sleep to the night. In Drosophila, circadian sleep patterns are initiated with formation of a circuit connecting the central clock to arousal output neurons; emergence of circadian sleep also enables long-term memory (LTM). However, the cues that trigger the development of this clock-arousal circuit are unknown. Here, we identify a role for nutritional status in driving sleep-wake rhythm development in Drosophila larvae. We find that in the 2nd instar larval period (L2), sleep and feeding are spread across the day; these behaviors become organized into daily patterns by the 3rd instar larval stage (L3). Forcing mature (L3) animals to adopt immature (L2) feeding strategies disrupts sleep-wake rhythms and the ability to exhibit LTM. In addition, the development of the clock (DN1a)-arousal (Dh44) circuit itself is influenced by the larval nutritional environment. Finally, we demonstrate that larval arousal Dh44 neurons act through glucose metabolic genes to drive onset of daily sleep-wake rhythms. Together, our data suggest that changes to energetic demands in developing organisms trigger the formation of sleep-circadian circuits and behaviors.
Diverse prey capture strategies in teleost larvae
Authors: Mearns Duncan S , Hunt Sydney A , Schneider Martin W , Parker Ash V , Stemmer Manuel , Baier Herwig
Published: July 2024

Animal behavior is adapted to the sensory environment in which it evolved, while also being constrained by physical limits, evolutionary history, and developmental trajectories. The hunting behavior of larval zebrafish (
Danio rerio
), a cyprinid native to streams in Eastern India, has been well characterized. However, it is unknown if the complement and sequence of movements employed during prey capture by zebrafish is universal across freshwater teleosts. Here, we explore the syntax of prey capture behavior in larval fish belonging to the clade
Percomorpha
, whose last common ancestor with cyprinids lived ∼240 million years ago. We compared the behavior of four cichlid species endemic to deep benthic parts of Lake Tanganyika (
Lepidiolamprologus attenuatus
,
Lamprologus ocellatus
, and
Neolamprologus multifasciatus
) or inhabiting rivers around that same lake (
Astatotilapia burtoni
) with that of medaka (
Oryzias latipes
), a fish found in rice paddies in East Asia. Using high speed videography and neural networks, we tracked eye movements and extracted swim kinematics during hunting from these five species. Notably, we found that the repertoire of hunting movements of the cichlids is broader than that of zebrafish, but shares basic features, such as eye convergence, positioning of prey centrally in the binocular visual field, and discrete prey capture bouts, including two kinds of capture strikes. In contrast, medaka swim continuously, track the prey monocularly without eye convergence, and position prey laterally before capturing them with a side swing. This configuration of kinematic motifs suggests that medaka may judge distance to prey by motion parallax, while cichlids and zebrafish may use binocular visual cues. Together, our study documents the diversification of locomotor and oculomotor adaptations among hunting teleost larvae.
Youth Identity Development on the Basis of Traditional Kazakh Folk Music
Authors: Bizhanova Kenzhegul ,   Department of Pedagogy and Educational Management Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Arinova Bakyt , Akbayeva Gulshat , Massimbayeva Aiym
Published: July 2024

This study strived to determine the most popular music genre among young Kazakhs in the context of personal, social, and national identity development, specify the relationship between musical preferences and personality type, and disclose the level of influence of traditional Kazakh folk music on the identity of the Kazakh youth. The authors conducted a survey and a test by taking advantage of such research methods as sociological survey, statistical analysis, social phenomena cognition (assessment, analogy tracking, comparison), psychological and typological concepts of Jung, as well as Abulkhanova-Slavskaya’s methodology for revealing personality traits. As a result of the investigation, hip-hop and rap were identified as the most popular music genres among the respondents (42.2%). Analysis of the data obtained in accordance with Abulhanova-Slavskaya’s personality typology revealed that 89% of the respondents preferring blues/jazz, classical music, and folk music demonstrated personality traits corresponding to the reflexive personality type; 91% of punk/rock and heavy metal fans showed conformity to the contemplative personality type; 87.5% of pop-music lovers were attributed the harmonious personality type; 93.5% of hip-hop and rap music fans – the productive personality type; 84% of traditional music fans – the performing type; and 96% of fans of pop with folk tunes – the functional type. It was also uncovered that 89% of the respondents who preferred traditional music belonged to the sensitive personality type characterized by impressionability, openness, empathy, alertness, firmness, conscientiousness, and, at the same time, inferiority complexes, and a tendency to psychogenic depressions and phobias.
A dual-population Constrained Many-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on reference point and angle easing strategy
Authors: Ji Chen , Wu Linjie , Zhao Tianhao , Cai Xingjuan
Published: July 2024

Constrained many-objective optimization problems (CMaOPs) have gradually emerged in various areas and are significant for this field. These problems often involve intricate Pareto frontiers (PFs) that are both refined and uneven, thereby making their resolution difficult and challenging. Traditional algorithms tend to over prioritize convergence, leading to premature convergence of the decision variables, which greatly reduces the possibility of finding the constrained Pareto frontiers (CPFs). This results in poor overall performance. To tackle this challenge, our solution involves a novel dual-population constrained many-objective evolutionary algorithm based on reference point and angle easing strategy (dCMaOEA-RAE). It relies on a relaxed selection strategy utilizing reference points and angles to facilitate cooperation between dual populations by retaining solutions that may currently perform poorly but contribute positively to the overall optimization process. We are able to guide the population to move to the optimal feasible solution region in a timely manner in order to obtain a series of superior solutions can be obtained. Our proposed algorithm’s competitiveness across all three evaluation indicators was demonstrated through experimental results conducted on 77 test problems. Comparisons with ten other cutting-edge algorithms further validated its efficacy.
Clinical characteristics, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers, and inflammatory markers in individuals with post-COVID-19 condition in Kenya: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Theuri Martin , Ndombi Eric M. , Thamaini Peris , Ogutu James Opiyo , Onsongo Lister , Madete June K. , Ofula Victor , Gitau Samuel , Mwangi Gladys , Okemo Paul
Published: July 2024

Background

Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) is associated with considerable morbidity and reduced quality of life. However, studies characterizing the post-COVID-19 condition in Kenya are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition and determine the clinical characteristics, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers, and concentrations of inflammatory markers of individuals with post-COVID-19 condition in Kenya.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyatta University Health Unit, Kenya. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a questionnaire. The serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IL-6, and CRP levels between the participants with and without post-COVID-19 symptoms. The case definition for post-COVID-19 condition was persistence of acute COVID-19 symptoms or emergence of new symptoms 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis, symptoms lasting for ≥2 months, and absence of any other etiological basis to explain the symptoms.

Results

A total of 189 volunteers were recruited in this study (median age: 21 years, range: 18–71 years; male, 49.2%). Forty participants reported having had at least one COVID-19 positive diagnosis in the past, of which 12 (30%) complained of post-COVID-19 symptoms. Significant differences in the number and duration of symptoms were observed between the individuals with and without post-COVID-19 symptoms (t-statistic = 2.87, p = 0.01; t-statistic = 2.39, p = 0.02, respectively). However, no significant differences in serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IL-6, and CRP were observed between the two groups (P = 0.08, 0.9, and 0.28, respectively).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that post-COVID-19 condition is a health concern even for a relatively young population in Kenya and globally. This condition requires more attention and well-designed studies to better define it and identify clinical chemistry markers that can be used for its diagnosis.
Green manure combined with reduced nitrogen reduce NH3 emissions, improves yield and nitrogen use efficiencies of rice
Authors: Hu Zhongze , Yang Daliu , Feng Yaming , Zhang Shuanglin , Wang An , Wang Qiaozhen , Yang Yayun , Chen Chunying , Zhang Yuefang , Wang Xian
Published: July 2024

Background

Green manure is an important source of organic fertilizer. Exploring green fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer reduction is important for agricultural production. However, few studies have been conducted, especially on the effects of different green fertilizers along with reduced nitrogen fertilizer application on soil ammonia volatilization emissions, rice yield, and nitrogen fertilizer uptake and utilization.

Methods

In this study, the effects of different types of green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilizer application on soil ammonia volatilization emissions, aboveground population characteristics of rice, and nitrogen fertilizer uptake and utilization were explored. This study was based on a field-positioning experiment conducted between 2020 and 2022. Six treatments were established: no nitrogen fertilizer application (CK), conventional fertilization in wheat-rice (WR), villous villosa-rice (VvR), vetch sativa-rice (VsR), rapeseed seed-rice (RR), and milk vetch-rice (GR), with a 20% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer application. The amounts of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers remained unchanged. The characteristics of ammonia volatilization loss in rice fields, agronomic traits of rice, yield traits, and nitrogen uptake and utilization were investigated.

Results

The results indicated a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the impact of different treatments on ammonia volatilization emissions from rice in the two-year experiment. Compared with WR treatment, VvR, VsR, RR, and GR treatments reduced the total ammonia volatilization loss by 23.58 to 39.21 kg ha−1, respectively. Compared with the conventional WR treatment, other treatments increased rice yield by 0.09 to 0.83 t ha−1. GR treatment was significantly higher than other green fertilizer treatments, except for VsR (P < 0.05). It increased the nitrogen uptake of rice by an average of 4.24%–22.24% and 13.08%–33.21% over the two years, respectively. The impact of different types of green manure on the nitrogen uptake and utilization of rice varied greatly, indicating that the combination of green manure and fertilizer is a sustainable fertilization model for crops to achieve high yields. In particular, the Chinese milk vetch as green manure was more beneficial for ammonia volatilization reduction in paddy field and stable grain production of rice.
Role of Fintech in Accelerating Financial Inclusion
Authors: M L Ashoka , P Aswathy
Published: July 2024

Sustainable economic growth depends heavily on financial inclusion or the accessibility and availability of financial services to all people and enterprises. Fintech, a combination of finance and technology, produces innovative solutions for people and businesses and has become an effective tool for attaining financial inclusion on a worldwide scale. This article explores the transformative power of Fintech in promoting financial inclusion and focuses on the challenges of adopting Fintech. Global and national leaders must reduce the digital divide between and within nations in order to benefit from digital financial services and create inclusive societies. This will address growing disparities that have arisen during and after the continuing crisis. To ensure adequate competition, it is necessary to strike a balance between promoting financial innovation and mitigating various risks, such as inadequate consumer protection, low financial and digital literacy, uneven access to digital infrastructure, and data biases that require national action. Additionally, money laundering and cyber risks must be addressed through international agreements and information sharing, including on antitrust laws.
Perspectives of Undergraduate Students on the Academic Workload and Suicidal thoughts at Nigerian University
Authors: Onyinyechukwu Nnaemezie Nkiru , Stella Nwankwo Nonyelum , Assumpta Ibe ljeoma Maria , Happiness Nwanokwara
Published: July 2024

This study examined the impact of academic activities on suicidal thoughts among undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised of 100 students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study selected respondents using a simple random sampling technique. Instrument for data collection was a 20 item structured questionnaire titled Perceived Effects of Academic Activities on Suicidal Thoughts Questionnaire (PEAASTQ). The instrument was validated by three experts from the Faculty of Education in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The instrument's reliability was established using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient that yielded coefficient values of 0.86 from section A, 0.96 from section B, 0.80 from section C, and 0.96 from section D, indicating that the instrument was valid. The data collected for the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings from the study showed that the students agreed that excess academic workload can lead to depression, limit someone's social life, and contribute to suicidal thoughts among undergraduate students and that unplanned, d changes in academic workload negatively impact on someone's mental well-being. Based on these findings, the study recommends among others that there should be an extension of academic sessions to allow for a more balanced and manageable workload throughout the semester. These can help prevent burnout and reduce the cumulative stress of a continuous academic schedule.
Exploring Genetic Variability for Yield and Its Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Low Soil Phosphorous Condition
Authors: T Harisha , Shruti  , M S Anantha , C Gireesh , Sundaram R M , P Senguttuvel , Kumar R Mahender , Brajendra  , Swamy AVSR , B M Dushyantha Kumar , K M Sathish , T N Usha , C M Kalleshwara Swamy , R Lokesha
Published: July 2024

Phosphorus (P) is a vital macro-nutrient essential for the growth and development of all crop plants including rice. Inadequate availability of P in the soils hinders crop growth, resulting in reduced rice yields. Genetic variability for low P tolerance is of utmost importance to understand the genetics and improvement of rice genotypes for the trait. The present study was conducted under low soil P condition to assess the genetic variability for yield and its attributing traits in rice genotypes. The experimental material consists of 245 rice genotypes along with six checks which were planted in low P plot at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad using augmented block design and phenotyped for the traits viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, total number of tillers, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, single plant yield, thousand grain weight and spikelet fertility. ANOVA analysis revealed that MSS due to test genotypes were significant (p<0.01) for all the traits under study. PCV and GCV were found to be high for single plant yield, total number of tillers and number of productive tillers while, plant height, thousand grain weight and spikelet fertility showed moderate PCV and GCV. Genetic advance as percentage of mean coupled with heritability was observed to be higher for all the traits except panicle length, which was moderate in nature. These results signify that there was sufficient amount of genetic variability for all the studied traits under low P in the studied genotypes. Therefore, genetic improvement through selection for these traits would be more rewarding and could be useful for developing genotypes tolerant to low P stress.