bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching and learning in business schools post-pandemic: a digital future
Authors: Zizka Laura , Probst Gaby
Published: August 2024

Purpose

In 2018, a group of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Switzerland started discussing the future of education. With the COVID-19 pandemic, many of their initial ideas and solutions were tested in the unpredictable, emergency online setting. This study aims to use student and faculty member perceptions to outline the future of higher education.

Design/methodology/approach

This research is based on eight surveys from students and faculty members at one Swiss HEI in business studies. While many previous studies focus on one group or one moment in time, this study examines the future of business education from both perspectives and traces the responses throughout the pandemic.

Findings

Teaching and learning strategies and perceptions evolved during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, despite the potential, many HEIs simply reverted to normal instead of adapting to the “new normal”. Conversely, some HEIs have continued using the same exercises and tools that were used in the emergency remote pandemic-mode, without adapting or reflecting on the current learning environment. Based on the findings, both students and faculty members have increased their interest and proficiency in using digital tools although the students remained more open toward the opportunities of digital teaching and learning.

Originality/value

Based on the results, this study offers a model for the future of education that HEIs could implement when moving forward, whether on campus or online.
Subsidiary participation in global services: local antecedents and performance outcomes
Authors: Pana Madalina , Cheng Yang , Farooq Sami , Kreye Melanie E.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to determine the local antecedents of subsidiary participation in global services and, subsequently, the impact on local performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a survey with the local subsidiaries of 14 manufacturers engaged in global services as part of their servitisation strategy.

Findings

Findings show support for considering the local ability for global services as an antecedent for local subsidiary participation in global services and the local service performance as an outcome. In addition, the results reject our hypotheses related to the specific roles of local opportunity and motivation for global services.

Originality/value

This study provides novel insights on the global service operations of manufacturers by highlighting the perspective of subsidiaries engaged in the local service delivery and development of global services. This perspective sets the conditions of the global-local collaboration in the context of global service strategy with local service delivery.
A catalyst for activation against racism: case study on effectiveness of workplace equity, inclusion and diversity conversations
Authors: Decker-Tonnesen Patrick , Kamunga Kabuika , Garcia Erick , Ibarra Monica , Martin Isabelle , Saliba Kara , Beards Caleta , Jordan Barbara , Bhagra Anjali
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This case study delves into the evolving landscape of equity, inclusion and diversity (EID) initiatives within the health-care sector, with a specific focus on the “EverybodyIN” program implemented at the Mayo Clinic, a large academic Medical Center in the USA. Against the backdrop of growing awareness catalyzed by societal events, this case study aims to explore the multifaceted aspects of workplace conversations aimed at addressing racial disparities and fostering a more inclusive environment.

Design/methodology/approach

The case study relies on the application of critical race theory and a social constructionist approach to investigate the impact of a subset of voluntary educational conversations that were centered on the Black/African-American experience, on staff members’ racial understanding and allyship within the health-care organization. Through thematic analysis of postevent surveys and participant sentiments, three overarching themes emerged: appreciation, education and validation.

Findings

Through thematic analysis of postevent surveys and participant sentiments, three overarching themes emerged: appreciation, education and validation. The findings underscore the pivotal role of leadership buy-in, evidence-based practices, health equity and an ongoing commitment to “the journey” in successful EID efforts. The results highlight the significance of integrating EID into health-care organizations as a continuous endeavor that aligns with organizational values and mission.

Research limitations/implications

The findings underscore the pivotal role that theory and practice play through a newly described framework that includes leadership buy-in, evidence-based practices, health equity and an ongoing commitment to “the journey” for successful EID efforts.

Practical implications

The results highlight the significance of integrating EID into health-care organizations as a continuous endeavor that aligns with organizational values and mission.

Originality/value

By fostering a safe and informed space for dialogue, organizations can empower staff to engage authentically and acquire cultural competence that may contribute to advancing health equity.
Exploring the relationship between patient safety culture and the full-range leadership theory in primary care settings: a conceptual analysis
Authors: Wijaya Made Indra
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the conceptual relationship between full-range leadership theory (FRLT) and patient safety culture in primary care settings, aiming to understand how leadership styles influence the development and sustainability of a culture prioritizing patient safety.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a conceptual analysis approach, the study builds a theoretical framework that integrates FRLT – which includes transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles – with the elements of patient safety culture. This framework serves as the basis for a comprehensive literature review, allowing for the formulation of hypotheses regarding the impact of each leadership style on patient safety culture.

Findings

The analysis demonstrates that transformational leadership bolsters patient safety culture by fostering open communication, encouraging error reporting and facilitating continuous improvement. Transactional leadership yields mixed effects, effectively supporting compliance and operational outcomes but showing limitations in promoting a proactive safety culture. Conversely, laissez-faire leadership is associated with negative outcomes for patient safety culture, mainly due to its passive and detached approach.

Originality/value

The originality of this study is rooted in its focused examination of FRLT’s impact on patient safety culture within primary care settings, the development of a unique conceptual framework and its contribution of actionable insights for health-care leadership. These elements collectively advance the understanding of how leadership can enhance patient safety culture, providing a solid foundation for future research and practical application in primary care environments.
The impact of developmental human resource practices on employee workplace procrastination: the moderating role of exploitative leadership and self-leadership
Authors: Jian Hao , He Bin , Sun Xu
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examined the effect of developmental human resource (HR) practices on employee workplace procrastination and investigated the mediation effect of boredom at work and the moderation effects of exploitative leadership and self-leadership.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 443 employees across companies in China. Hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression analysis and indirect effect testing via bootstrapping in SPSS and Mplus.

Findings

This study found that developmental HR practices were negatively related to employee workplace procrastination and that boredom at work mediated the relationship between developmental HR practices and employee workplace procrastination. Moreover, exploitative leadership strengthened the negative relationship between developmental HR practices and boredom at work, whereas self-leadership weakened the positive relationship between boredom at work and employee workplace procrastination. The indirect relationship between developmental HR practices and employee workplace procrastination through boredom at work was moderated by exploitative leadership and self-leadership.

Originality/value

This study extended the literature on the antecedents of employee workplace procrastination. Moreover, by investigating the mediation effect of boredom at work, this study extended the underlying mechanism by which developmental HR practices affect subsequent employee outcomes. Finally, by testing the moderation effect of exploitative leadership and self-leadership, respectively, this study offered insights into the boundary conditions resultant from developmental HR practices.
Unveiling the melodic matrix: exploring genre-and-audio dynamics in the digital music popularity using machine learning techniques
Authors: Zhang Jurui , Yu Shan , Liu Raymond , Xie Guang-Xin , Zurawicki Leon
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to explore factors contributing to music popularity using machine learning approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

A dataset comprising 204,853 songs from Spotify was used for analysis. The popularity of a song was predicted using predictive machine learning models, with the results showing the superiority of the random forest model across key performance metrics.

Findings

The analysis identifies crucial genre and audio features influencing music popularity. Additionally, genre specific analysis reveals that the impact of music features on music popularity varies across different genres.

Practical implications

The findings offer valuable insights for music artists, digital marketers and music platform researchers to understand and focus on the most impactful music features that drive the success of digital music, to devise more targeted marketing strategies and tactics based on popularity predictions, and more effectively capitalize on popular songs in this digital streaming age.

Originality/value

While previous research has explored different factors that may contribute to the popularity of music, this study makes a pioneering effort as the first to consider the intricate interplay between genre and audio features in predicting digital music popularity.
Looking back to move forward: shedding light on the dark side of entrepreneurship
Authors: Pérez-Morón James Manuel , García Alonso Roberto , Thoene Ulf
Published: August 2024

Purpose

While entrepreneurship has long been heralded for its positive contributions, there is a growing recognition of its “dark side,” characterized by unproductive, unethical and destructive actions. This exploratory literature review aims to illuminate the underexplored dark side of entrepreneurship, thereby enriching the discourse on entrepreneurship’s dual nature.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs a robust mixed-method approach, integrating phenomenologically detailed co-citation bibliographic coupling with detailed thematic data and code-weaving. Science mapping tools like R-Bibliometrix and VOSviewer enhance the credibility of the findings by providing a sophisticated and reproducible methodological framework.

Findings

This review defines dark entrepreneurship, its characteristics, and its complexities. We introduced the “Dark Entrepreneurship Trinity”: Ethical Complexity, Institutional Navigation and Conflict Entrepreneurialship, with Institutional Navigation as the apex theme. It elucidates how this theme influences ethical dilemmas and operational strategies in conflict zones, illustrated through a diagram depicting their complex interrelations and dynamics.

Originality/value

The originality of this literature review lies in its comprehensive synthesis of the dark side of entrepreneurship. This review significantly contributes to the academic discourse by delineating a clearer picture of the destructive potentials of entrepreneurship. It compiles existing research, critically addresses the gaps and suggests future pathways for empirical studies.
Utilisation of voluntary disclosure via social media as a strategic response to COVID-19
Authors: Stevenson Justin , Safari Maryam , Vo-Tran Huan , Whiteside Naomi
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the use of voluntary disclosure on mainstream social media platforms to examine strategic responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. It examines the influential factors and institutional pressures organisations faced when making disclosures on social media during the pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

A two-stage qualitative approach was adopted. Stage one used content analysis to examine voluntary disclosures made by international organisations on social media during the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Stage two comprised semi-structured interviews with individuals who were involved in the decision-making process around the social media disclosures.

Findings

This study’s findings reveal significant changes in disclosure practices due to COVID-19-related pressures. In addition to the utilisation of social media for signalling conformance with new pandemic-related norms and connecting with stakeholders, the evidence also reveals how organisations made use of strategic responses to COVID-19-related institutional pressures.

Practical implications

The findings reveal how social media was used as a means of timely voluntary disclosure during the examined crisis. The findings can inform the development of organisational guidelines and policies for the use of social media as a disclosure medium.

Originality/value

This study reveals how organisations used voluntary disclosure on social media as a strategic response to institutional pressures and the COVID-19 pandemic; this context is under-researched. The study also extends the application of the strategic response framework regarding voluntary disclosure via social media.
Decomposing socioemotional wealth: the effect of restricted and extended socioemotional priorities on family firms’ internationalization
Authors: Pinelli Michele , Hülsbeck Marcel , Kraus Sascha
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Past research has advanced a plethora of theoretical arguments on the effect of family ownership on firms’ international expansion and produced mixed empirical results. It is argued that the oversimplified way in which researchers have examined theoretically and tested empirically business families’ socioemotional priorities may explain the state of fragmentation in the literature. This study aims to investigate the differential effects of restricted (short-term and family-centric) versus extended (long-term and business-centric) socioemotional priorities on the extent of family firms’ internationalization to capture more nuanced aspects of the socioemotional wealth concept.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors test the hypotheses through OLS regressions on a sample of 287 family firms.

Findings

The authors find that restricted family-centric socioemotional priorities and extended socioemotional priorities related to the establishment of long-term relationships with business partners are negatively associated with the extent of family firms’ internalization. They also find that extended socioemotional priorities related to long-term orientation and transgenerational control intentions are positively associated with international expansion and that this effect is stronger for younger family firms.

Originality/value

This study disentangles the differential effects of two kinds of socioemotional priorities on family firms’ internationalization, thus developing more fine-grained theoretical arguments about the socioemotional drivers of family firms’ behavior. In addition, the authors directly measure socioemotional priorities instead of relying on indirect governance measures.
The need to address limited access to capital and strengthen entrepreneurial ecosystems in order to increase black new venture creation
Authors: Singh Robert P. , Miller Melvin T.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Racial wealth inequality is a significant and growing issue in the USA. Improving the lagging rate of black new venture creation and successful entrepreneurship could help close the gap. The purpose of this paper is to focus needed attention on the financial challenges resulting from institutional and systemic discrimination that black entrepreneurs must deal with. Following this literature review, the paper makes recommendations and broad public policy suggestions.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducts a literature review and discusses the myriad of reasons black entrepreneurs struggle with inadequate access to capital, with special emphasis on weaker entrepreneurial ecosystems that have resulted from systemic racism.

Findings

The paper sheds light on several factors which continue to directly impede successful black entrepreneurship including discrimination in lending, distrust in institutions, over-reliance on (inadequate) personal capital and declining black-owned banking and financial institutions, as well as community banking options in black communities.

Research limitations/implications

The paper is conceptual and relies on prior literature. The proposed solutions are just a starting point and are certainly not meant to be all-inclusive or comprehensive. Much future research, particularly longitudinal research, is needed to further develop theory and specific public policies which can close the disparities this study has discussed. This study outlines several key areas in need of further quantitative and qualitative studies to better understand black entrepreneurship.

Practical implications

The US economy will increasingly suffer if the nearly 15% of population (and growing) made up of black communities continues to struggle. The broad-based policy solutions proposed in this paper would allow for increased access to capital that would address the long-term deficiencies and help to close the racial wealth gap.

Social implications

Through this study’s broad-based potential solutions, entrepreneurial ecosystems can be strengthened to build the environment for successful new venture creation in black communities. The longer-term benefit would be increased tax revenues, improved communities with fewer individuals needing support through government assistance and greater social stability as economic gaps between various racial groups are closed.

Originality/value

Using a broader entrepreneurial ecosystem framework and a systemic racism theory lens, this study discusses the limited capital black entrepreneurs have access to. Following this literature review, this study offers broad-based policy solutions that can strengthen ecosystems and directly address the issues raised in the paper.
Liquid viscosity measurement based on disk-shaped electromechanical resonator
Authors: Eidi Amin , Zeynali Sakineh
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The effect of viscosity on the performance of disk-shaped electromechanical resonators has been studied and investigated in the past. The vibration frequency of a disk-shaped resonator changes according to the viscosity of the liquid which the resonator is in contact with. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is based on design a sensor for measuring the viscosity of liquids using a disk-shaped electromechanical resonator. The viscosity of liquids is of interest to researchers in industry and medicine.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, a viscosity sensor for liquids is proposed, which is designed based on a disk-shaped electromechanical resonator. In this proposed sensor, two comb drives are used as electrostatic actuators to stimulate the resonator. Also, two other comb drives are used as electrostatic sensors to monitor the frequency changes of the proposed resonator. The resonance frequency of the resonator in response to different fluids under test varies according to their viscosity.

Findings

After calibration of the proposed sensor by nonlinear weights, the viscosity of some liquids are calculated using this sensor and results confirm its accuracy according to the liquids real viscosity.

Originality/value

The design of the proposed sensor and its simulated performance are reported. Also, the viscosity of several different liquids are evaluated with simulations of the proposed sensor and presented.
Articulating scholarship in human resource management: Guidance for researchers
Authors: Budhwar Pawan , Wood Geoffrey , Chowdhury Soumyadeb , Aguinis Herman , Breslin Dermot , Collings David G. , Cooke Fang Lee , Darabi Fariba , Eby Lillian T. , Martin Ursula M. , Morley Michael J. , Morris Shad , Ren Shuang , Saunders Mark N. K. , Suddaby Roy
Published: August 2024

HRMJ is a business and management journal: we seek to publish excellent work that deals not simply with people and organisations, but with the management of people and the issues and tensions around the latter. As such, the journal is broadly multidisciplinary, the key focus being on advancing theory through empirical evidence, through consolidations and extensions of conceptual knowledge, through revisiting and extending existing theory, literature reviews, as well as the development of salient research methods. This extended editorial brings together a range of perspectives from and beyond the editorial team to advance understanding around developing work for publication. As such, it is intended not only to guide authors interested in publishing in HRMJ, but all with an interest in advancing their scholarly work.
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the effects and potential mechanism of hydrogen peroxide on pigment metabolism in postharvest broccoli
Authors: Wang Yunqiao , Zhang Yuxiao , Guo Yanyin , Ji Nana , Chen Ying , Sun Yupeng , Wang Zhengli , Guan Lingxing , Guo Pengcheng
Published: August 2024

To understand the effects and related potential mechanism of H2O2 on pigment metabolism in postharvest broccoli, an integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was performed. Results suggested that 65 differentially expressed genes and 26 differentially accumulated metabolites involved in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and flavonoid metabolism were identified. H2O2 treatment delayed the decrease of chlorophyll content by upregulating the expressions of chlorophyll synthetic genes, thylakoid synthetic genes, and 15 light‐harvesting complex genes compared with the control and diphenylene iodonium treatments. H2O2 treatment decreased the accumulation of 11 flavonoids and 5 flavonols by downregulating the flavonoid synthetic genes. In addition, H2O2 treatment promoted carotenoid biosynthesis to eliminate reactive oxygen species in thylakoids, thereby protecting chlorophyll molecules from degradation. The inhibition of flavonoids and flavonols accumulation and chlorophyll decrease was the crucial reason for the delayed yellowing in H2O2 treatment. This study provides a new method and theoretical support for delaying the yellowing process in postharvest broccoli.
Enhancing vitamin A stability using saponin–chitosan polyelectrolytes coating: Optimization, characterization, and controlled release
Authors: Mobin Lubna , Diosady Levente L. , Haq Muhammad Abdul
Published: August 2024

Microencapsulation has the potential to address the stability issues associated with vitamin A. This study examined the effectiveness of emulsifying a saponin–chitosan polyelectrolyte complex to encapsulate vitamin A. Utilizing response surface methodology (RSM), the effects of the chitosan, saponin, and vitamin A contents on various response variables were measured to optimize the formulation. The optimized emulsion was characterized through fluorescence microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), storage stability, and release profile. Fluorescence microscopy showed that vitamin A was evenly distributed throughout the optimized emulsion. The polyelectrolyte complex and vitamin A were shown to interact hydrophobically and electrostatically by FTIR analysis. The DSC results verified the effective encapsulation and showed that vitamin A heat stability had been enhanced. Study on storage stability demonstrated that during a 2‐month storage period, the encapsulated vitamin A remained stable. Moreover, vitamin A was significantly released from the encapsulated form at pH 1.2, based on release assays. In conclusion, saponin–chitosan polyelectrolyte coating proved to be a potentially useful new material for the stability and applications of vitamin A in a range of formulations.
Chronic β3‐AR stimulation activates distinct thermogenic mechanisms in brown and white adipose tissue and improves systemic metabolism in aged mice
Authors: Natarajan Duraipandy , Plakkot Bhuvana , Tiwari Kritika , Ekambaram Shoba , Wang Weidong , Rudolph Michael , Mohammad Mahmoud A. , Chacko Shaji K. , Subramanian Madhan , Tarantini Stefano , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Ungvari Zoltan , Csiszar Anna , Balasubramanian Priya
Published: August 2024

Adipose thermogenesis has been actively investigated as a therapeutic target for improving metabolic dysfunction in obesity. However, its applicability to middle‐aged and older populations, which bear the highest obesity prevalence in the United States (approximately 40%), remains uncertain due to age‐related decline in thermogenic responses. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic thermogenic stimulation using the β3‐adrenergic (AR) agonist CL316,243 (CL) on systemic metabolism and adipose function in aged (18‐month‐old) C57BL/6JN mice. Sustained β3‐AR treatment resulted in reduced fat mass, increased energy expenditure, increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial activity in adipose depots, improved glucose homeostasis, and a favorable adipokine profile. At the cellular level, CL treatment increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)‐dependent thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, in white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, CL treatment increased glycerol and lipid de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and turnover suggesting the activation of the futile substrate cycle of lipolysis and reesterification in a UCP1‐independent manner. Increased lipid turnover was also associated with the simultaneous upregulation of proteins involved in glycerol metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and reesterification in WAT. Further, a dose‐dependent impact of CL treatment on inflammation was observed, particularly in subcutaneous WAT, suggesting a potential mismatch between fatty acid supply and oxidation. These findings indicate that chronic β3‐AR stimulation activates distinct cellular mechanisms that increase energy expenditure in BAT and WAT to improve systemic metabolism in aged mice. Considering that people lose BAT with aging, activation of futile lipid cycling in WAT presents a novel strategy for improving age‐related metabolic dysfunction.
Self‐reported alcohol consumption during participation in a text messaging‐based online drinking moderation platform
Authors: Vadhan Nehal P. , Treloar Padovano Hayley , Muench Frederick J. , Levak Svetlana , Allen Nicholas
Published: August 2024

Background

Many individuals with excessive alcohol consumption desire moderation but do not seek formalized treatment. Commercially available, technology‐assisted options are flexible and highly accessible, yet often not empirically validated.

Methods

Individuals desiring alcohol moderation (age 21+) self‐selected to use Sunnyside®, a web application with tailored and adaptive text messaging. The evaluable dataset included 46,411 members who completed a baseline assessment, enrolled in the program, and tracked their drinking at least once. An adaptive and customizable weekly plan was generated from typical drinking patterns, goals, and weekly reported progress. Personalized daily messages included reminders for real‐time drink tracking, plans, and available interactive messaging with peer coaches. Generalized mixed‐effect growth models characterized change in drinks per week and daily drinking for 12 weeks after enrollment. Models allowed for nonlinear change and individual variability across members and weeks.

Results

A majority (64.3%) of members reported typically drinking 7 of 7 days per week at baseline. During tracking, drinks per week decreased most in the initial weeks and slowed thereafter, with an overall 33% reduction in weekly drink counts. More severe alcohol‐use patterns and concern over drinking at baseline were associated with greater relative benefit.

Conclusions

Drinking patterns appeared amenable to change during 12 weeks of daily drink tracking with Sunnyside®, a tailored web program to reduce drinking and improve overall wellness. Overall, the findings of this naturalistic study, one of the first of its kind, supplement data from randomized clinical trials and support the use of adaptive, technology‐assisted tools for alcohol moderation.
Microclimate, soil nutrients and stable isotopes in relation to elevation in the Australian Wet Tropics
Authors: Singh Ramesh Arun , Cheesman Alexander W. , McDonald William J. F. , Crayn Darren M. , Cernusak Lucas A.
Published: August 2024

Microclimate, such as soil and surface air temperatures, and edaphic factors, such as soil organic matter content and nutrient availability, are important parameters of the below‐canopy environment that shape vegetation communities. Yet, the literature examining how microclimate and edaphic properties vary along elevation gradients in tropical rainforests is limited, hindering our understanding of key ecological processes in the forest understory. Here we present an analysis of high‐resolution (15‐min frequency) microclimate data spanning approximately 3 years (December 2019–September 2022) across 20 rainforest sites, ranging from 40 to 1550 meters above sea level (a.s.l.). We also present analyses of soil chemical properties, including δ15N isotope composition from the same study sites. Our study found soils were consistently cooler than air during the day and warmer than air during the night across all sites. The difference in mean temperature between the wettest (summer) and the driest (winter) quarter for both soil and air also increased with elevation, as did the annual temperature range. Soil organic matter content and C:N ratio increased with elevation, in concert with a decline in soil pH. Together, edaphic factors displayed a strong correlation with climatic factors, suggesting temperature as an important driver of soil properties across elevation. Finally, soil δ15N was found to decline with increasing elevation, suggesting a tighter N cycle in high elevation, higher organic matter soils. These observations highlight the existing elevational trends in both microclimate and edaphic variables in the Australian Wet Tropics; understanding how these trends may shift with climate change could be important for predicting impacts on species distributions.
Macroeconomic shock effects on beef carcass premiums
Authors: Fausti Scott W. , Tejeda Hernan A. , Diersen Matthew A.
Published: August 2024

An overview of how macroeconomic shocks affect beef quality‐grade premiums and discounts in the U.S. fed cattle market is discussed. We review the shock transmission linkages along the beef industry supply chain and determine the economic implications for the finished cattle market. The analysis provides insight into how the fed cattle market responds to macroeconomic shocks. The economic implications of financial risk associated with the behavior of beef carcass quality‐grade premiums and discounts associated with the Great Recession and the COVID pandemic are contrasted and assessed.

Data analysis indicates that macroeconomic shocks affect the quality‐grade premium pricing mechanism for finished cattle. The origins of the shock (aggregate demand versus aggregate supply) and government fiscal policy intervention determines how premium levels and premium volatility responds to a macroeconomic shock. Thus, beef carcass quality‐grade premiums are not only subject to industry idiosyncratic risk, such as swings in the seasonal demand for beef, but are also subject to systematic risk associated with business cycle fluctuations.
Allergen immunotherapy adverse events in adults with respiratory allergies‐data from ADER: An EAACI task force report
Authors: Asllani Julijana , Mitsias Dimitrios , Konstantinou George , Qirko Etleva , Hitaj Mirela , Musollari Sybi , Christoff George , Novakova Silviya , Makris Michael , Radulovic Pevec Mira , Pevec Branko , Muntean Adriana , Tomic‐Spiric Vesna , Stosovic Rajica , Kosnik Mitja , Mungan Dilsad , Popov Todor A. , Calderon Moises , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. ,   ADER Study Group
Published: August 2024

Background

Registries can yield important insights on allergen immunotherapy (AIT) outcomes in daily clinical practice. However, systematic recordings of adverse events (AE) due to AIT in real‐life are lacking.

Methods

The Allergen Immunotherapy Adverse Events Registry (ADER) is a prospective, multicenter registry on real‐life AIT safety. Data on adults (>18 years old) with respiratory allergies receiving AIT with mites, pollens, epithelia, and/or molds were retrieved and analyzed from ADER. The frequency, characteristics and risk factors of AE were investigated. The MedDRA terminology was used to record AE.

Results

A total of 1545 individuals with a mean age of 33 ± 10 years receiving 1815 AIT courses (n = 1060 sublingual (SLIT); n = 755 subcutaneous (SCIT)) in centers from eight countries were included. Patients had allergic rhinitis (65%) or, asthma only (3.7%) or rhinitis with asthma (31.2%). Grass was the most frequent specific sensitizer (60.7%), followed by mites (45.5%), birch pollen (20.6%), epithelia (16.1%), and molds (8%). There were 296 AE recorded in 115 patients (7.4%). A higher frequency of AE occurred during up‐dosing (59%) compared to maintenance. Severe reactions were rare (0.2%), all in the context of SCIT. After 6 weeks of maintenance only one moderate AE was recorded. The most frequently reported symptoms were from the respiratory system and the skin. Having asthma, doing SCIT, AIT with mugwort, cat, or birch were associated with higher risk for AE while the use of allergoids induced lower risk.

Conclusion

In real life clinical practice, AIT‐associated AE occur in a minority of patients, while severe reactions are rare. The presence of asthma and use of SCIT are risk factors, while the use of modified allergens lowers the risk.
Lessons from Klotho mouse models to understand mineral homeostasis
Authors: Grigore Teodora V. , Zuidscherwoude Malou , Olauson Hannes , Hoenderop Joost G.
Published: August 2024

Aim

Klotho, a key component of the endocrine fibroblast growth factor receptor—fibroblast growth factor axis, is a multi‐functional protein that impacts renal electrolyte handling. The physiological significance of Klotho will be highlighted in the regulation of calcium, phosphate, and potassium metabolism.

Methods

In this review, we compare several murine models with different renal targeted deletions of Klotho and the insights into the molecular and physiological function that these models offer.

Results

In vivo, Klotho deficiency is associated with severely impaired mineral metabolism, with consequences on growth, longevity and disease development. Additionally, we explore the perspectives of Klotho in renal pathology and vascular events, as well as potential Klotho treatment options.

Conclusion

This comprehensive review emphasizes the use of Klotho to shed light on deciphering the renal molecular in vivo mechanisms in electrolyte handling, as well as novel therapeutic interventions.
Reducing intrusive memories and promoting posttraumatic growth with Traveler: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Yu Yongju , Zhang Xinlu , Xue Yaxian , Ni Shiguang
Published: August 2024

Over recent decades, serious games have become a promising intervention approach for addressing psychological problems by providing users with computerized, engaging, and interactive experiences. An innovative serious game, Traveler, has been developed specifically as an intervention tool for managing posttraumatic responses immediately after trauma. The game incorporates the principle of visuospatial interference, the core elements of Tetris, such as spatial displacement and mental rotation, and the critical phases of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. To test the intervention efficacy and feasibility of Traveler, we conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 105 young adults. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups: a wait‐list control group, a group undergoing five‐session written exposure therapy, or a group engaging in one session of Traveler gameplay. Outcome measures included intrusive memories (i.e. vividness of traumatic images, disgust at traumatic images, flashback frequency, and flashback impact) and posttraumatic growth measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Traveler significantly outperformed the control and written exposure therapy groups in reducing intrusive memories and enhancing posttraumatic growth, with effects persisting at a 30‐day follow‐up. Thus, Traveler offers a promising brief and early intervention technique for addressing posttraumatic responses. Yet, its clinical applicability requires further investigation.
What should communities stipulate in their (macro)social contract with business? Updated CSR commandments for corporations
Authors: Radavoi Ciprian N.
Published: August 2024

This article relies on two major business ethics books to propose a decalogue of corporate behavior. Notably, both Donaldson and Dunfee's Ties That Bind (1999) and Kerr et al.'s CSR: A Legal Analysis (2009) tried to avoid the sinuous and inconclusive normative quest for hypernorms of business social responsibility: the former proposed an integrated social contract between business and community, while the latter adopted a positivist approach, looking at existing law of all sorts, national and international, to decant eight principles of CSR. Using a methodological tool from the first book, namely, the macrosocial contract between business and communities, this article updates the list proposed in the second book. As societal expectations evolve in time, emerging principles are included in the amended list, such as meeting tax obligations, refraining from taking advantage of disaster‐struck communities, and prioritizing the human in the age of artificial intelligence. The mixed approach (ethical, contractarian, and positivist) allows introducing the 10 principles as “commandments”: initial reasonable content of a macrosocial for business, informed by undisputed ethical principles (hypernorms) and potentially implemented through positive law.
Mood stabilizers for treatment of bipolar disorder in pregnancy and impact on neonatal outcomes
Authors: Kernizan Nalinoë , Forinash Alicia , Yancey Abigail , Kruger Samuel , Chavan Niraj R. , Mathews Katherine
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Untreated bipolar disorder in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite advances in clinical management, there is concern among obstetric providers and patients about the safety of pharmacological agents for the treatment of bipolar disorder in pregnancy. Recent studies have shown atypical antipsychotics and lamotrigine to have a favorable safety profile; however, little information is published on lurasidone.

Objectives

The objective of this retrospective chart review was to evaluate pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in obstetric patients with bipolar disorder who are untreated, compared to those treated with lurasidone, other atypical antipsychotics, and lamotrigine at a tertiary teaching institution.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included neonates whose mothers had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and were referred to the Maternal & Fetal Care Clinic with two documented visits after January 1, 2014, with delivery by October 31, 2017, within an SSM health‐system hospital.

Results

In this study, women with untreated bipolar disorder (not on any mood stabilizer) in pregnancy had significantly higher rates of premature delivery and low birth weight compared to women on mood stabilizers of lamotrigine, lurasidone, and other atypical antipsychotics. No difference was observed for pregnancy or neonatal outcomes between patients taking any of the mood stabilizers.

Conclusions

This study suggests that the use of lurasidone, other atypical antipsychotics, and lamotrigine have better neonatal outcomes than untreated bipolar disorder in pregnancy.
At the tipping point: Can biodiversity and rural livelihoods endure uncontrolled cashew expansion in West Africa?
Authors: Guedes Patrícia , Palmeirim Ana Filipa , Monteiro Filipa , Catarino Luís , Palma Luís , Temudo Marina P. , Henriques Mohamed , Beja Pedro , Lopes Ricardo Jorge , Ladle Richard J. , Powell Luke L.
Published: August 2024

Our commentary explores the increase in cashew cultivation across West Africa, drawing attention to its impacts on biodiversity and livelihoods. We summarize the issue regionally, then showcase Guinea‐Bissau, where we unravel the dynamics between cashew expansion, habitat and biodiversity loss, and livelihoods. Finally, we propose concrete policy measures encompassing strengthened conservation, sustainable land‐use planning, enhanced farming practices, community engagement, and international market reforms. Our recommendations extend beyond both a recent review (Rege et al. 2023) and a concise policy commentary on EU deforestation law (Powell et al. 2023) in offering a roadmap for sustainable cashew cultivation.

Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Reintroduction of spring‐run Chinook salmon in the San Joaquin River: Evaluating genetic and phenotypic effects of captive breeding
Authors: Pregler Kasey C. , Clemento Anthony , Grill Mike , Adelizi Paul , Carlson Stephanie M. , Garza John Carlos
Published: August 2024

Captive‐breeding programs are increasingly implemented to curb population declines but can have unintended negative effects on genetic diversity and phenotypes. Through an analysis of ~10 years of genetic monitoring, pedigree information, and phenotypic data, we evaluated a captive‐breeding program that uses adaptive management to reduce inbreeding and improve captive broodstock performance. A captive‐breeding program was established in 2012 to reintroduce spring‐run Chinook salmon to the southern edge of their range in California's San Joaquin River (SJR), using fish produced each year at the nearby Feather River Hatchery (FRH). We found that the SJR program adequately captured the genetic diversity of the FRH source population and that mate pairings guided by genetic relatedness reduced inbreeding. However, the SJR broodstock reared in captivity had smaller body size at maturity in comparison to the FRH source broodstock which matures at sea, but this effect disappeared when SJR juveniles were released from captivity to mature at sea. Phenotypic traits of SJR female parents also influenced reproductive performance; older mothers and those with smaller eggs had offspring with lower survival. These findings demonstrate that adaptive genetic monitoring and pedigree information can be powerful tools for reducing risks of captive breeding and evaluating program effectiveness.
What are individual‐level nature amends? Rescaling biodiversity offsetting from the community members' perspective
Authors: Tupala Anna‐Kaisa , Huttunen Suvi , Aro Riikka , Lizarazo Clara , Tuittila Satu
Published: August 2024

Effective solutions to biodiversity loss are multidimensional, requiring engagement from diverse stakeholders across various sectors and commitment levels. In this context, voluntary actions from community members emerge as a valuable addition to the large‐scale nature conservation activities conducted by states and municipalities. Such actions complement biodiversity protection measures and legal requirements aimed at companies. This article delves into the rescaling of biodiversity offsetting to the community members level and explores it from the perspective of community members. Through workshops organized in four Finnish municipalities, participants were prompted to reflect on biodiversity offsetting in their daily lives. The results show community members' limited resources to conduct pro‐biodiversity actions and highlight their diverse interpretations of the topic. Beyond direct biodiversity‐enhancing action, like maintaining rural biotopes, eradicating alien species, or protecting forests, workshop participants called for indirect actions. These included education, eco‐taxes, and the development of sharing economies. Thus, rather than solely focusing on biodiversity offsetting or the mitigation hierarchy, these suggestions underscore the need for diverse pro‐biodiversity actions at the community member's level. Furthermore, the results highlight the need for support that enables community members and communities' work for biodiversity. Introducing the concept of nature amends addresses this need, enhancing the mitigation hierarchy's capacity to incorporate community members in nature conservation endeavors.
Vulnerability of endemic insular mole skinks to sea‐level rise
Authors: Koen Erin L. , Barichivich William J. , Walls Susan C.
Published: August 2024

Although coastal islands are home to many endemic species, they are also at risk of inundation from storm surge and sea level rise. Three subspecies of mole skink (Plestiodon egregius egregius, P. e. insularis, and the Egmont Key Mole Skink known from a single occurrence) occur on a small number of islands off the Gulf Coast of Florida, USA. We used the most recent sea level rise projections and the latest storm surge simulation data to predict impacts to habitat for insular mole skinks in Florida from 2030 to 2150. Our models predicted that in <100 years (by 2100; intermediate sea level rise scenario; ~1.08–1.15 m sea level rise), >78% of preferred habitat for the Florida Keys Mole Skink, >65% of preferred habitat for the Cedar Key Mole Skink, and >36% of preferred habitat for the Egmont Key Mole Skink will be inundated from sea level rise. Storm surge from tropical cyclones presents a more immediate risk to insular mole skink habitat: our models predicted that between 58% and 75% of Florida Keys Mole Skink habitat is at risk of being submerged under an average maximum of between 0.60 (SD = 0.86) and 0.98 (SD = 0.36) m of storm surge water for a category 1 storm, and the amount of habitat predicted to be impacted increases for higher intensity storms. Our models predicted similar trends for Cedar Key and Egmont Key Mole Skink habitat. Given current sea level rise projections, our models predicted that all three subspecies could be extinct by 2140 due to habitat inundation. There remains uncertainty about how species and ecosystems will respond to sea level rise, thus research to fill these gaps could help mitigate the effects of sea level rise in areas most vulnerable to the effects of climate change.