bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VOLKSMED Database: A Source for Forgotten Wound Healing Plants in Austrian Folk Medicine
Authors: Eichenauer Elisabeth , Saukel Johannes , Glasl Sabine
Published: June 2024

The global increase in the incidence of wounds is concerning and fuels the search for new treatment options. The use of traditional medicinal plants in wound healing represents an appreciated available therapeutic possibility. This work introduces the VOLKSMED database, which contains plants and other materials used in Austrian folk medicine, either as monographs or mixtures. This work focuses on the monographs of the database. Concerning wound healing, Hypericum sp., Arnica montana, Calendula officinalis, Plantago sp., and Malva sp. are the most commonly used plants. The focus of this paper is set on selected lesser-known plants (Abies alba, Anthyllis vulneraria, Brassica sp., Gentiana sp., Larix decidua, Picea abies, Sambucus sp., Sanicula europaea) and their status quo in literature concerning wound healing. A systematic search using the databases SciFinder, SCOPUS, and PubMed yielded substantial evidence for the wound
healing potential of Brassica sp., Gentiana sp., the Pinaceae A. abies, L. decidua, and P. abies, as well as Sambucus nigra. In vivo and clinical studies substantiate their use in Austrian folk medicine. According to the literature, especially A. vulneraria, Sambucus racemosa, and S. europaea would be worth investigating in-depth since data concerning their wound healing effects – even though scarce – are convincing. In conclusion, the VOLKSMED database contains promising opportunities for further treatment options in the field of wound healing. Future research should consider the listed plants to support their traditional use in Austrian folk medicine and possibly promote the implementation of old knowledge in modern medicine.
The Light-activated Effect of Natural Anthraquinone Parietin against Candida auris and Other Fungal Priority Pathogens
Authors: Fiala Johannes , Roach Thomas , Holzinger Andreas , Husiev Yurii , Delueg Lisa , Hammerle Fabian , Armengol Eva Sanchez , Schöbel Harald , Bonnet Sylvestre , Laffleur Flavia , Kranner Ilse , Lackner Michaela , Siewert Bianka
Published: June 2024

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an evolving treatment strategy against human pathogenic microbes such as the Candida species, including the emerging pathogen C. auris. Using a modified EUCAST protocol, the light-enhanced antifungal activity of the natural compound parietin was explored. The photoactivity was evaluated against three separate strains of five yeasts, and its molecular mode of action was analysed via several techniques, i.e., cellular uptake, reactive electrophilic species (RES), and singlet oxygen yield. Under experimental conditions (λ = 428 nm, H = 30 J/cm2, PI = 30 min), microbial growth was inhibited by more than 90% at parietin concentrations as low as c = 0.156 mg/L (0.55 µM) for C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans, c = 0.313 mg/L (1.10 µM) for C. auris, c = 0.625 mg/L (2.20 µM) for C. glabrata, and c = 1.250 mg/L (4.40 µM) for C. albicans. Mode-of-action analysis
demonstrated fungicidal activity. Parietin targets the cell membrane and induces cell death via ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation after light irradiation. In summary, parietin exhibits light-enhanced fungicidal activity against all Candida species tested (including C. auris) and Cryptococcus neoformans, covering three of the four critical threats on the WHOʼs most recent fungal priority list.
Posttraumatic Hydrocephalus Following Decompressive Craniectomy in Traumatic Brain Injury: Proportion and Risk Factors
Authors: Vinayaka G.J. , Sharmad M.S. , Peethambaran Anil Kumar , Kutty Raja K.
Published: June 2024

Background Posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is an important cause of morbidity after decompressive craniectomy (DC) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Early diagnosis and treatment of PTH can prevent further neurological compromise in patients who are recovering from TBI.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the proportion of patients who develop hydrocephalus after undergoing DC and to identify the factors associated with PTH requiring surgical treatment in patients undergoing DC for TBI.

Methods Data of patients undergoing DC for TBI in the Trauma Neurosurgery Unit, Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, between June and December 2020 were collected prospectively.

Results A total of 48 patients who underwent DC were studied. Six (12.5%) patients developed PTH. The patients were divided into two groups: PTH (patients who developed hydrocephalus) and non-PTH (patients who did not develop hydrocephalus). Age, sex, mode of injury, severity of injury, and preoperative radiological findings were not associated with the development of PTH. A distance of craniectomy margin from the midline of less than 2.5 cm was found to be statistically significant. No statistical difference was found in the outcome among the PTH and non-PTH groups.

Conclusion Craniectomy with a superior limit too close to the midline can predispose patients undergoing DC to the development of hydrocephalus. We therefore suggest performing wide DCs with the superior limit greater than 25 mm from the midline.
Blood Flow Capacity Assessment of End-to-Side Arterial Anastomosis In Vivo in Rats
Authors: Staroverov Maxim Sergeevich , Krylov Vladimir Victorovich , Lukyanchikov Victor Alexandrovich , Orlov Egor Andreevich , Veselkov Alexey Alexandrovich , Dydykin Sergey Segreevich , Shatdler Vladislav Dmitrievich
Published: June 2024

Introduction The aim of this article was to assess the flow capacity of end-to-side arterial anastomosis depending on the method of its implementation.

Materials and Methods The study was conducted on 30 live Wistar rats in vivo, which were randomly divided into three groups. In each group of animals, an end-to-side microanastamosis was performed using three methods of donor artery preparation: 45 degrees (group A), 90 degrees (group B), and arteriotomy according to the “fish mouth” type (group C). The determination of flow capacity of anastomosis by measuring the blood volume flow with transonic flowmeter was performed.

Results The obtained average values after the anastomosis were, respectively, 7.335 mL/s (standard deviation [SD]: 2.0771; min: 4.05; max: 10.85), 7.36 mL/s (SD: 0.836 mi: 6.15; max: 8.75), and 6.37 mL/s (SD: 1.247; min: 5.05; max: 9.05). No statistically significant difference in the blood volume flow velocity between all types of anastomoses was obtained (p = 0.251).

Conclusion The flow capacity of end-to-side arterial anastomosis does not depend on the chosen method of anastomosis.
Variability of Resting Carbon Dioxide Tension in Patients with Intracranial Steno-occlusive Disease
Authors: Plitman Eric , Venkatraghavan Lashmi , Agrawal Sanket , Raghavan Vishvak , Chowdhury Tumul , Sobczyk Olivia , Sayin Ece Su , Poublanc Julien , Duffin James , Mikulis David , Fisher Joseph
Published: June 2024

Introduction Controlling the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is an important consideration in patients with intracranial steno-occlusive disease to avoid reductions in critical perfusion from vasoconstriction due to hypocapnia, or reductions in blood flow due to steal physiology during hypercapnia. However, the normal range for resting PCO2 in this patient population is not known. Therefore, we investigated the variability in resting end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) in patients with intracranial steno-occlusive disease and the impact of revascularization on resting PETCO2 in these patients.

Setting and Design Tertiary care center, retrospective chart review

Materials and Methods We collected resting PETCO2 values in adult patients with intracranial steno-occlusive disease who presented to our institution between January 2010 and June 2021. We also explored postrevascularization changes in resting PETCO2 in a subset of patients.

Results Two hundred and twenty-seven patients were included [moyamoya vasculopathy (n = 98) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (n = 129)]. In the whole cohort, mean ± standard deviation resting PETCO2 was 37.8 ± 3.9 mm Hg (range: 26–47). In patients with moyamoya vasculopathy and intracranial atherosclerotic disease, resting PETCO2 was 38.4 ± 3.6 mm Hg (range: 28–47) and 37.4 ± 4.1 mm Hg (range: 26–46), respectively. A trend was identified suggesting increasing resting PETCO2 after revascularization in patients with low preoperative resting PETCO2 (<38 mm Hg) and decreasing resting PETCO2 after revascularization in patients with high preoperative resting PETCO2 (>38 mm Hg).

Conclusion This study demonstrates that resting PETCO2 in patients with intracranial steno-occlusive disease is highly variable. In some patients, there was a change in resting PETCO2 after a revascularization procedure.
Clinical Outcomes of the Liver-First Approach in the Management of Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Abdelrahman Emad M. , Salama Ahmed M.F. , ElAlfy Amira K. , Fadey Mohammed A. , Negm Mahmoud A. , El-gazar Ahmed S. , Abdelraouf Osama R. , Abdelaal Mohamed K.
Published: June 2024

Introduction Almost 25% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (SCLM) coinciding with the disease diagnosis. Liver-first approach for the treatment of SCLM involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy, subsequent liver resection, and then primary tumor resection. This strategy is adopted as the prognosis of the disease depends mainly on the metastases, not the primary tumor.

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the liver-first approach and clinical prognosis in managing SCLM.

Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 25 patients with SCLM from July 2015 to July 2020. All patients were subjected to a liver-first approach with an “intention-to-treat” approach. Follow-up was planned for at least 3 years. Data were collected from the hospital records and included survival rates and univariate analyses of the prognostic factors, such as gender, age, and number of chemotherapy cycles to evaluate their effect on the survival probability.

Results Nineteen patients completed the treatment paradigm. Long-term outcomes reported a median overall survival (OS) of 32 months. One-year and 3-year survival probabilities were 89.5% and 42.1%, respectively. The median disease-free survival was 13 months. The number of metastatic lesions, unilobar versus bilobar disease, and the frequency of administered chemotherapy cycles significantly affected survival (p < 0.05). Seven patients (36.84%) remained disease free (no recurrence) while 2 patients (10.53%) survived with recurrence. The overall mortality included 10 deaths (52.63%) due to recurrence.

Conclusion Synchronous colorectal liver metastasis treated with the liver-first approach achieved a notable overall advantage. However, the recurrence rate remained relatively high.
Exponential smoothing method against the gradient boosting machine learning algorithm-based model for materials forecasting to minimize inventory
Authors: Sathish T. , SaiKumar Divity , Patil Shashwath , Saravanan R. , Giri Jayant , Aly Ayman A.
Published: June 2024

The optimization of resources and reduction of costs through efficient inventory management are paramount to organizational success. This study undertakes a comparative analysis of two distinct forecasting methodologies, Exponential Smoothing (ES) and Gradient Boosting (GB), within the framework of materials forecasting aimed at inventory minimization. Our study introduces innovation by methodically scrutinizing these approaches within a unified framework, shedding light on their merits and shortcomings. This comparative analysis gives practitioners a practical roadmap for the optimal forecasting strategy to streamline inventory management operations. Methodologies are evaluated based on their efficiency in predicting material demand, encompassing metrics such as accuracy, computational efficiency, and suitability across various inventory management scenarios. Response surface methodology entails refining processes to modify factorial variables’ configurations to attain a desired peak or trough in response. The SPSS results show that the ES method has 43.20%, surpassing the accuracy of the inventory optimization model, which stood at 65.08%. The response surface methodology results show that 45.20% profit was achieved for the variable and operational cost process parameters. This research seeks to unveil the traces of each method, facilitating decision-makers in selecting an optimal forecasting strategy tailored to their specific inventory management requirements. The analysis shows that the ES method surpasses the accuracy of the GB machine learning for material forecasting to minimize inventory.
Local interface remapping based curvature computation on unstructured grids in volume of fluid methods using machine learning
Authors: Kumar Brijesh , Chand Satish , Singh Nikhil Kumar
Published: June 2024

The volume of fluid method is widely used for interface capturing in two-phase flows including surface tension. Calculation of surface forces requires accurate local interfacial curvature, which, despite receiving considerable attention, remains a challenge due to the abrupt variation of volume fraction near the interface. Based on recent studies showing the potential of data-driven techniques, a machine learning (ML) model using a multi-layered artificial neural network is initially developed to predict curvature on structured grids. Known shapes in the form of circular interface segments are used to generate a synthetic training dataset consisting of interfacial curvature and volume fractions. An optimum model configuration is carefully obtained, with a larger 5 × 5 input stencil showing increased accuracy for test data along with analytical test cases. However, an extension of the model to unstructured grids, required in simulations involving complex geometries, is non-trivial. To overcome the limitations, a local interface remapping algorithm is proposed where the stencil around a target cell is transformed into a structured stencil for the generation of the input dataset. The algorithm enables using the same ML model developed for structured grids to predict curvature on unstructured grids, thereby maintaining the simplicity of the ML strategy. The algorithm accurately predicts curvature for some analytically known shapes on quadrangular and triangular grids. Eventually, the ML model with the remapping algorithm is integrated into a two-phase flow solver to assess the performance in dynamic simulation environments, where satisfactory results are obtained for a benchmark rising bubble problem on both structured and unstructured grids.
Enhancing mixing performance in a square electroosmotic micromixer through an off-set inlet and outlet design
Authors: Gayen Biswajit , Manna Nirmal K. , Biswas Nirmalendu
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the critical need to enhance mixing quality and cost efficiency in electroosmotic micromixers, crucial for various applications, such as chemical synthesis, medical diagnostics, and biotechnology, utilizing the precision of microfluidic devices. The intricate dynamics of time-dependent electroosmotic vortices induced by microelectrodes are investigated, exploring the nonlinear physics principles driving mixing enhancement. Specifically, an examination is made of how nonlinear phenomena, such as convective flow instabilities, chaotic advection, and nonlinear interactions between fluid flow and channel geometry, contribute to observed improvements in mixing performance. Through comprehensive numerical simulations employing finite element-based solvers, the impact of relevant parameters, such as voltage amplitude (V0), frequency (f), Reynolds number (Re), and Debye parameter (k), on mixing performance is systematically analyzed. Findings reveal that optimizing these parameters, coupled with the strategic design of micromixers featuring offset inlets and outlets, leads to a remarkable mixing quality of 98.44%. Furthermore, a methodology is proposed for selecting the optimal micromixer configuration (MM1), balancing mixing quality, and cost efficiency. This study advances the understanding of electroosmotic micromixers and provides practical guidelines for optimizing microfluidic device performance in diverse applications.
Effects of local chemical ordering on the thermal transport in entropy-regulated PbSe-based thermoelectric materials
Authors: Lyu Shuang , Cheng Ruihuan , Li Haiqi , Chen Yue
Published: June 2024

Configurational entropy manipulation strategy has been proposed for designing high-performance thermoelectric materials. Understanding the phase stability is essential to regulate the thermal conductivity for optimizing the thermoelectric performance. Herein, the lattice thermal conductivity of PbSe is found to decrease from 1.87 to 0.76 Wm−1 K−1 of PbSe0.5Te0.25S0.25, which mainly results from the decreased contribution from the phonon modes in the frequency range of 0.5–2 THz. Moreover, we find local chemical ordering (LCO) in PbSe0.5Te0.25S0.25 by conducting hybrid Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations based on our constructed machine-learning interatomic potential. The local chemical ordering can reduce phonon scattering with frequency in 0–2 THz, thus enhancing thermal conductivity by approximately 14%. This work unfolds the energy favorable structure with LCO in entropy-tailored thermoelectric material, which gives guidance for regulating thermal transport.
Bound state in the continuum (BIC) excited by the metasurface breaking in-plane symmetry and quasi-BIC for terahertz sensing
Authors: He Kai , Niu Qiang , Xie Yinong , Xiao Shaoqiu , Yang Yuping , Zhu Jinfeng
Published: June 2024

Bound state in the continuum (BIC), generally realized by structures with in-plane symmetry, has been under the spotlight in the control of the electromagnetic field. This Letter presents a terahertz metasurface that possesses broken in-plane symmetry for exciting BIC. The switch from a BIC to a quasi-BIC can be achieved through parameter modulation. According to multipolar decomposition, the BIC is constructed by the destructive interference of far-field radiation originating from the electric dipole and magnetic quadrupole. More importantly, considering that the metal material has finite conductivity, we analyze the relationship between radiation and non-radiation losses, based on the time domain coupled mode theory, which provides substantial theoretical support for the investigation of BIC phenomena. Furthermore, the proposed metasurface exciting quasi-BIC is highly sensitive to the changes in the dielectric environment, resulting in a high sensitivity of 135 GHz/RIU and a distinction between sucrose and glucose with the same solid content. As a result, our research provides a theoretical explanation of the evolution of BIC excited by the structure with broken in-plane symmetry and promotes the development of the high-performance meta-device used for sensing.
Regulating droplet rebound by square-pulse electrowetting techniques
Authors: Du Jiayu , Li Yanzhi , Wang Xiong , Sun Libin , Min Qi
Published: June 2024

Electrowetting presents a powerful technique for manipulating droplets, but its potential to enhance post-impact droplet rebound remains insufficiently understood and underutilized. In this study, we realize the regulation of rebound enhancement and suppression in impacting Galinstan and water droplets using square pulse electrowetting techniques. We numerically investigate the effects of pulse width, surface wettability, and liquid properties on rebound characteristics and demonstrate a phase diagram of rebound modes. Our findings reveal that a moderate pulse width facilitates rebound enhancement, whereas excessively small or large pulse widths lead to rebound suppression. Notably, a fascinating bubble entrapment phenomenon is identified under moderate pulse width, resulting in a distinctive tooth-like rebound shape and secondary liquid–solid contact. Contrary to conventional beliefs, we discover that the optimal rebound velocity occurs at approximately 1.5 times the spreading time, rather than solely at one spreading time. Through unraveling the energy conversion mechanism, we attribute this deviation to the trade-off between additional surface energy and total energy loss. Furthermore, this study highlights that compared to water droplets, the ultra-high surface tension of Galinstan increases additional surface energy while diminishing the viscous effect, leading to heightened rebound velocity, reduced contact time, and an expanded range of pulse widths for rebound enhancement.
A research on flexible pressure/temperature composite tactile sensor for electronic skin
Authors: Li Zhibiao , Zou Linjie , Chu Chengfeng , Tang Gang , Deng Xiaozhen , Xu Fang , Yan Xiaoxiao , Li Xinhui
Published: June 2024

Tactile sensors, due to their unique advantages of high sensitivity, flexibility, and stability, have received increasing attention from researchers worldwide and hold great promise for application to a variety of fields, particularly electronic skin. However, the majority of tactile sensors are limited in their ability to meet the demand of their application to multi-variable tests due to their single-functionality. To address this issue, in this paper, we introduce a novel type of array pressure/temperature composite tactile sensor that functions without any interference. The pressure sensor is a capacitive pressure sensor with carbon-filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) serving as the intermediate dielectric layers. The temperature sensor, which is placed on the top of the pressure sensor with the two elements closely attached to each other, is a T-shaped thermocouple sensor fabricated by magnetron sputtering. PDMS filled with carbon materials has been shown to perform well overall in experiments. The sensor’s sensitivity is 85.5%/N within a pressure range of 0–2 N and 23.9%/N within a pressure range of 0–10 N, while the hysteresis is around 9.1%. Practical experiments are conducted to test the prepared device, and finally, the designed hardware circuit is connected to the IPC.
Body condition in an endangered minnow is variable but not strongly related to environmental conditions
Authors: Archdeacon Thomas P. , Dunnum Paige M.
Published: June 2024

Seasonal patterns in body condition may help identify sensitive time periods or environmental stressors in fishes. Our objectives were to document spatiotemporal patterns of body condition of wild and hatchery-released Rio Grande silvery minnows (Hybognathus amarus), an endangered species endemic to the Rio Grande basin of North America. We collected fish weekly or bi-weekly from February to September, 2017 through 2019, in the Rio Grande, New Mexico, USA. Our time-series spanned an extreme drought year in 2018, allowing us to observe changes in body condition in relation to markedly different flow conditions. We collected body measurements from 2520 RGSM during the 3 years of our study. Spatiotemporal patterns in body condition were evident among and within years and sampling reaches, but within-sample variation in body condition was high. Annual patterns did not appear to be related to annual flow regime. Recaptured hatchery-reared fish were in slightly lower body condition, but followed the same seasonal patterns as did wild fish. Contrary to our expectations, body condition in both females and males was higher during the extreme drought year of 2018. Body condition may not be useful for identifying environmental stressors in small-bodied, short-lived fishes because individual variability is greater than spatial or temporal variation.
Chinglish as border languaging
Authors: Du Qian , Lee Jerry Won
Published: June 2024

In an era where migration across borders is increasingly the norm, how are our understandings of language and the
ways we talk about language being reimagined along the way? This article examines this question by attending to the shifting
metadiscourses of “Chinglish,” a colloquialism referring to Chinese-English hybridizations. Chinglish, originally used to describe
an incompetent interlanguage, has come to be invoked as a means of establishing “China English” as a legitimate world English
variety, or more recently even as an innovative form of translingual practice. This article presents Chinglish as a form of
“border languaging,” which enables us to take stock of the shifting meanings of Chinglish in relation to the linguistic “border”
between English and Chinese upon which such metadiscursive framings hinge, and how the shifting orientations to such linguistic
borders invite new ways of conceptualizing Chinglish and historically marginalized language practices more generally.
Metaphor as a resemblance phenomenon
Authors: Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez Francisco José
Published: June 2024

Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) departed from tradition in metaphor studies by treating this phenomenon as an
ordinary one used in everyday reasoning. From its inception, this theory made emphasis on the role of experiential correlation in
accounting for metaphorical thought to the detriment of its long-standing treatment in terms of similarity. This experientialist
thesis was later strengthened by making it part of a broader theoretical framework that treated correlation metaphor as an
embodied phenomenon where an essential part of its role in reasoning was due to its ability to give rise to conceptual conflation.
Against the background provided by this theoretical context, this article reexamines the role of correlation, conflation, and
embodiment in terms of two distinctions: low and high-level similarity, on the one hand, and structural and non-structural
similarity, on the other hand. The analytical categories that support these distinctions are used to provide an improved
understanding of the nature of metaphorical thought, including correlation metaphor, structural metaphor, several forms of
analogy, synesthetic metaphor, and metaphorical amalgams.
A cognitive-pragmatic account of the structural elements of the ironic event
Authors: Lozano-Palacio Inés
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the ironist, the interpreter, and the target as structural elements of irony from a cognitive-linguistic standpoint. It builds on the scenario-based approach to irony, where ironic meaning is taken as a contextually adjustable inference that results from a clash between epistemic and attested conceptual scenarios. The article provides a classification of ironist, interpreter, and target types, and then it discusses the functions of irony (i.e., attacking, mocking, being playful, showing off, and persuading) and the solidarity component involved in ironic production and interpretation. It further explains the factors involved in the identification of the epistemic and the attested scenarios, and those involved in the interpretation of irony. The resulting analysis of the structural elements of irony endows the study of irony with greater descriptive delicacy and explanatory adequacy.
Foreign accent identification, prototypicality, and lectometric methods
Authors: Jurado-Bravo María Ángeles
Published: June 2024

Lects constitute prototype categories (Gitte Kristiansen 2003). This
implies that central/prototypical speakers are more easily identified as members of a specific lect (Kristiansen et al. 2018). The prototypicality of elements within natural categories have generally been
measured through direct questions, indirect questions, or reaction time. Nonetheless, abstract categories (e.g., foreign accents)
may be difficult to examine via questions. Following previous research that analyzed the use of the Levenshtein Distance (LD)
(Vladimir I. Levenshtein 1965) to predict foreign-accentedness (Martijn Benjamin Wieling et al. 2014) or the intelligibility of foreign accents (Jurado-Bravo 2021), this study explores the use of LD as a predictor of prototypicality
of Spanish-accented English. The LD between 50 Spanish speakers of English and different prototype benchmarks were calculated.
These recordings were used as speech stimuli in an accent identification test. Reaction time measures were collected and
correlated to the calculated LD. Results suggest that the LD to the stereotypical prototype can partly predict the prototypicality
of Spanish-accented English.
Embodied semantic parameters for the lexical representation of spatial relational categories
Authors: Navarro i Ferrando Ignasi
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes an explanatory model for the lexical representation of the native speakers’ lexical knowledge of English prepositions. Lexical knowledge of prepositions as relational predicates includes argument structure (trajector-landmark) as inCognitive Grammar, situation types (position vs state) as inFunctional Grammar, lexical hierarchies (spatial subdomains) based on semantic primitives, as inNatural Semantic Metalanguage, and embodied perceptual parameters configured in four dimensions, namely, geometry, topology, force-dynamics and function (fromCognitive Linguistics). This model is illustrated here by expounding three lexical templates compatible with constructional templates in theLexical Constructional Model, representing the semantic decomposition of English prepositionsat,onandin.
The language of sexual violence and impropriety
Authors: Vessey Rachelle
Published: June 2024

In Canada, which has two official languages, sexual violence and impropriety have been identified as problems in
the military for at least 25 years (see Duval-Lantoine 2022). In the military’s efforts
to address these problems, the institutional language has been identified as problematic (Deschamps 2015; Arbour 2022). This paper addresses the labels for sexual
violence and impropriety in Canadian English and French using large corpora of language data: the Corpus of Historical American
English, the Corpus of Contemporary Amerian English, the enTenTen20 corpus, the frTenTen20 corpus, the Strathy Corpus, and the
Canadian Hansard. Findings show differences between the most widely used labels in American and Canadian data and between English
and French. This raises questions about the labels adopted by the Canadian military and the extent to which sexual violence and
impropriety can be addressed without a critical review of the language in use.
Surface acoustic wave bound state in the continuum for 1200 °C high temperature sensing
Authors: Zhang Jikai , Mu Danyu , Gao Feng , Xuan Weipeng , Jin Hao , Chen Jinkai , Dong Shurong , Luo Jikui
Published: June 2024

The langasite (LGS) SAW are often used in high temperature wireless passive sensing above 1000 °C. And the about 400 nm thick metal electrodes film such as platinum-rhodium (Pt-Rh) are usually used to avoid high-temperature melting, however it could seriously pull down the quality factor and sensitivity of SAW sensors because the heavy metal electrodes result in high reflection coefficient and mass loading effect. In order to satisfy the thick electrode and the high-quality factor of SAW sensors simultaneously, this paper developed a new mode SAW which is based on the bound states in the continuum (BIC) on (0, 138.5°, θ) LGS wafers. The BIC-mode SAW sensor with a 410 nm thick Pt-Rh show an extremely high Q factor, which is four times to traditional SAW. The high temperature testing verified this BIC-state SAW sensor can maintain high quality (Q) factor after 1200 °C for 3 h.
Edge-enhanced super microgenerator based on a two-dimensional Schottky junction
Authors: Yu Zhaokuan , Xiao Yangfan , Huang Xuanyu , Liu Chenleyang , He Yuqing , Ma Ming
Published: June 2024

Super microgenerator (SMG) refers to a generator that can efficiently convert extremely weak external stimuli into electrical energy and has a small size, high power density and long lifespan, offer ground-breaking solutions for powering wearable devices, wireless distributed sensors and implanted medical equipment. However, the friction and wear between the interfaces of ordinary microgenerator results in an extremely low lifespan. Here, we present a prototype of SMGs based on a 2D–2D (graphite–MoS2) Schottky contact in the state of structural superlubricity (no wear and nearly zero friction between two contacted solid surfaces). What is even more interesting is when the graphite flake is slid from the bulk to the edge of MoS2, the output current will enhance from 31 to 56 A m−2. Through the I–V curve measurement, we found that the conductive channel across the junction can be activated and further enhanced at the edge of MoS2 compare to bulk, which provide the explanation for the above-mentioned edge enhancement of power generation. Above results provide the design principles of high-performance SMGs based on 2D–2D Schottky junctions.
Understanding the role of Niobium, Molybdenum and Tungsten in realizing of the transparent n-type SnO2
Authors: Wang Jiayuan , Kang Sixin , Chen Yu , Hu Gongwei , Fan S W
Published: June 2024

Based on the density functional theory, the defective band structures (DBSs), ionization energy and formation energy for Niobium (Nb), Molybdenum (Mo) and Tungsten (W)-doped SnO2 are calculated. The DBSs show Nb, Mo and W substituting Sn (labeled as NbSn, MoSn and WSn) could form the localized impurity states which are above the conduction band minimum (CBM). These characteristics can be attributed to the energy of dopants’ d-orbitals are much higher than that of Sn-s and -d orbital as well as O-2p orbitals, and the dopants with their neighboring atoms would form the non-bonding impurity states. The DBSs confirm NbSn, MoSn and WSn are typical n-type defects in SnO2. The ionization energies ϵ(0/+) for NbSn, MoSn and WSn are higher than 0.22 eV above CBM, indicating these defects could be fully ionized. We find the NbO and MoO3 are promising dopant sources, as the thermodynamic equilibrium fabrication scheme is considered. Taking Nb-doped SnO2 as an example, we find a few NbSn could induce high conductivity (541 S cm−1). These results suggest that SnO2 containing NbSn, MoSn and WSn are promising n-type semiconductors. Our findings would provide a better understanding of the n-type properties in Nb, Mo and W-doped SnO2.
Prediction of martensitic transformation start temperature of steel using thermodynamic model, empirical formulas, and machine learning models
Authors: Lin Zidong , Wang Jiaqi , Zhou Chenxv , Sun Zhen , Wang Yanlong , Yu Xinghua
Published: June 2024

Three methods are used to predict the martensitic transformation start temperature (Ms
) of steel. Based on the database containing 832 compositions and corresponding Ms
data, prediction models are built, modified, and trained. Firstly, Ms
was re-calculated by establishing a thermodynamic model to link the martensitic transformation driving force (Gibbs free energy difference of martensite and austenite) with resistance (elastic strain energy, plastic strain energy, interface energy, and shearing energy). Secondly, the existing Ms
data is cleaned and re-predicted using traditional empirical formulas within different composition application ranges. Thirdly, four different algorithms in machine learning including random forest, k nearest neighbor, linear regression, and decision tree are trained to predict 832 new Ms
values. By comparing the Ms
results re-predicted by the mentioned three methods with the original Ms
values, the accuracy is evaluated to identify the optimal prediction model.
Electronic and optical properties of ternary kagome Rb2Ni3S4: a density functional study
Authors: Bahadur Acharya Gang , Kim Se-Hun , Ghimire Madhav Prasad
Published: June 2024

The application of semiconductors with optical properties has grown significantly in the development of semiconductor photovoltaics. Here, we explore the electronic and optical properties of ternary transition metal sulfide Rb2Ni3S4 by means of density functional theory. From the structural perspective, Ni atoms are found to form a kagome-like lattice in a two-dimensional plane of Rb2Ni3S4. From our calculations, Rb2Ni3S4 is found to be a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of ∼0.67 eV. Strong hybridization was observed between the S-3p with the Ni-3d

xz
and Ni-3d

yz
orbitals. Interestingly, a flat band was noticed below the Fermi level demonstrating one significant feature of kagome lattice. From the optical calculations, Rb2Ni3S4 is found to exhibit optical activity in both the visible and lower ultraviolet regions of the incident photon energies. The optical response suggests this material may be a potential candidate for opto-electronic device, given its ability to interact with light across a broad range of wavelengths. This work is expected to motivate the experimental group for transport measurements and may provide a new foundation in optics.
Phase field modeling of ductile fracture with isotropic hardening and radius return method
Authors: Meng Li , Tabiei Ala
Published: June 2024

Phase field model has been investigated for brittle fracture in many static and dynamic scenarios, but its applications to ductile fracture is not as common as brittle fracture, especially implementing in software LS-DYNA with explicit scheme. In this study, an efficient LS-DYNA implementation of the phase field modeling of ductile fracture is presented and both with and without the split of elastic strain energy have been considered for the damage evolution. In more detail, plasticity formulation of ductile material with isotropic hardening is briefly presented first and then the governing equations of the classical phase field model are derived, which gives the displacement-phase coupled problem. For with the split of elastic strain energy, the shear component of elastic strain energy is considered for the damage evolution. The influence of degradation function on stress–strain curve is also investigated by using three kinds of function (polynomial function, algebraic fraction function and sigmoid function), which leads to linear and nonlinear finite element method (FEM) formulation of the phase field model and Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the nonlinear FEM formulation of the phase field model. A tensile bar test shows the influence of critical energy release rate and degradation function on stress–strain curve. Mode Ⅰ failure of three-point bending test, Mode Ⅱ failure of single-edge notched plate and mixed-mode failure of asymmetrical double-notched plate verify the proposed model in this study. From these simulations, with the split of elastic strain energy shows improvements on plastic deformation than without the split of elastic strain energy.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the effect of tool parameters on nano-cutting of polycrystalline γ-TiAl alloys
Authors: Zhou Yichao , Cao Hui , Zhou Baocheng , Li Haiyan , Chen Wenke , Lei Chunli , Feng Ruicheng
Published: June 2024

As one of the most promising lightweight high-temperature structural materials in the future, the surface quality of γ-TiAl alloys has a great influence on the performance of the workpieces, and the tool parameters are an important factor affecting the machining results. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations of the nano-cutting process of polycrystalline γ-TiAl alloys with different tool parameters were carried out. The results show that increasing the tool rake angle and decreasing the tool edge radius within a certain range helps to reduce the average cutting force, cutting force fluctuation, cutting temperature, and stabilize the cutting process, while the change of the tool clearance angle has less influence on the cutting process. In contrast, negative rake angle cutting is more likely to produce grain rotation and grain boundary steps in the processed substrate and increase the processed surface roughness than positive rake angle cutting; increasing the tool rake angle within a certain range will weaken the elastic recovery effect of the substrate. During cutting at a positive rake angle, whether a portion of the substrate is prone to slip toward the surface of the substrate, thereby reducing the surface quality, depends on the relative state of grain orientation and force applied in the substrate.
Microbubble detection on ultrasound imaging by utilizing phase patterned waves
Authors: An Junseok , Sugita Naohiro , Shinshi Tadahiko
Published: June 2024

Objective. Super-resolution ultrasonography offers the advantage of visualization of intricate microvasculature, which is crucial for disease diagnosis. Mapping of microvessels is possible by localizing microbubbles (MBs) that act as contrast agents and tracking their location. However, there are limitations such as the low detectability of MBs and the utilization of a diluted concentration of MBs, leading to the extension of the acquisition time. We aim to enhance the detectability of MBs to reduce the acquisition time of acoustic data necessary for mapping the microvessels. Approach. We propose utilizing phase patterned waves (PPWs) characterized by spatially patterned phase distributions in the incident beam to achieve this. In contrast to conventional ultrasound irradiation methods, this irradiation method alters bubble interactions, enhancing the oscillation response of MBs and generating more significant scattered waves from specific MBs. This enhances the detectability of MBs, thereby enabling the detection of MBs that were undetectable by the conventional method. The objective is to maximize the overall detection of bubbles by utilizing ultrasound imaging with additional PPWs, including the conventional method. In this paper, we apply PPWs to ultrasound imaging simulations considering bubble–bubble interactions to elucidate the characteristics of PPWs and demonstrate their efficacy by employing PPWs on MBs fixed in a phantom by the experiment. Main results. By utilizing two types of PPWs in addition to the conventional ultrasound irradiation method, we confirmed the detection of up to 93.3% more MBs compared to those detected using the conventional method alone. Significance. Ultrasound imaging using additional PPWs made it possible to increase the number of detected MBs, which is expected to improve the efficiency of bubble detection.
Multiscale modeling on the multi-physical behaviors of high temperature superconducting magnets based on a combined global homogenization and local refinement scheme
Authors: Wang Ya-Ning , Jing Ze
Published: June 2024

The safe and stable operation is a crucial issue in the development of high-field high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. In this paper, we construct a multiscale model which couples the homogenized global (macroscopic) behavior and the refined local (mesoscopic) characteristics to simulate the coupled electromagnetic-mechanical-thermal behaviors of the HTS magnets. In the model, the numerical homogenization method is adopted to simulate the macroscopic behavior of the magnets and identify the ‘dangerous region’ of the magnet which are prone to damage or quench. Then, a refined local sub-model which coupling with the macroscopic homogenization model is established by considering the microstructure and physical parameters of each components of the HTS tapes in the ‘dangerous region’. Thus, a combined global homogenization and local refinement scheme which balances the computational efficiency and numerical accuracy is developed to simulate the coupled multi-physical behaviors of the HTS magnets including the quench and its propagation. Our results show that the refined local sub-model can simulate the electromagnetic field and the stress-strain at the scale of the tape more accurately. Characteristics, such as the discontinuous stress distribution across the interfaces between different layers and the current shunt from the HTS layer to metallic layers during the quench process of HTS tapes, which are beyond the capability of the homogenization model, have also been well depicted by the refined sub-model.
Atomic structure and transition parameters of the C-like ion K XIV
Authors: Abu El Maati Lamia , Al Salamah Reem , Siddig Abubaker , Alwadie Najah H , Ben Nessib Nabil , Dimitrijević Milan S
Published: June 2024

Energy levels, lifetimes, oscillator strengths and transition probabilities for the multicharged carbon like K XIV ion have been calculated with the configuration expansion: 2s22p2, 2p4, 2s22p3p, 2s22p4p, 2s2p23s, 2s2p24s, 2s2p23d, 2s2p24d, 2s2p23p, 2s2p24p, 2s22p3s, 2s22p4s, 2s22p3d, 2s22p4d and 2s2p3. Two methods were used in the calculations: the Hartree-Fock pseudo-relativistic approach and the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Amaldi potential approach using the Cowan and the AUTOSTRUCTURE atomic structure codes respectively. Results have been compared with data from National Institute of Standards and Technology Atomic Spectra Database (NIST-ASD) and from other theoretical methods. Obtained new data will be important for plasma analysis in laboratories and for astrophysical modeling.
Study of Bose–Einstein condensate in the presence of the extended uncertainty principle: infinite potential well
Authors: Benkrane Abdelhakim , Benhadjira Abderrahmane
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the influence of the extended uncertainty principle (EUP) and non-linearity on Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) confined within an infinite potential well, described by a deformed one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE). Exact solutions are derived, and the impact of the EUP and the parameter of interaction g is explored through solution, position, and momentum uncertainties plots. The study reveals significant changes in the probability density and energy spectra, depending on the deformation and non-linearity parameters.
Visually secure traffic image encryption scheme using new two-dimensional Sigmoid-type memristive chaotic map and Laguerre transform embedding
Authors: Wang Lajie , Xu Lichang , Long Guoqiang , Ma Yakun , Xiong Jianping , Wu Jianhua
Published: June 2024

In intelligent transportation system, unprotected bare data transmission faces serious security threats and challenges. To this end, this paper proposes a visually secure traffic image encryption scheme that combines a newly designed two-dimensional Sigmoid-type memristive chaotic map (2D-SMCM) with two-dimensional compressive sensing (2D-CS) and Laguerre transform (LT) embedding to provide services for secure transmission of private images. Specifically, first, the 2D-SMCM is used to generate pseudo-random sequences for subsequent compression, encryption and hiding operations. Second, the 2D-CS is utilized to compress the plain image to reduce the amount of data transmission. Then, encryption is completed by modifying the data values and their positions through index permutation and bidirectional diffusion. Finally, the encrypted data is embedded in the LT-processed public carrier medium for covert transmission. Experiments and performance analysis illustrate that the proposed scheme has good security, imperceptibility and reconstruction performance, with the average PSNRs of the cipher images and decrypted secret images up to 45.90 dB and 34.85 dB, respectively, using 500 grayscale images from the database BOWS2.
A comprehensive thermodynamic study of the Reissner-Nordström-de sitter black hole with a constant negative curvature surrounded by a quintessence-like anisotropic fluid
Authors: Thariq A , Tharanath R , Sruthy K S
Published: June 2024

The study investigates the thermodynamic characteristics of Reissner-Nordström black holes in the presence and absence of a quintessence-like fluid. We establish the relationships between key variables, such as mass, temperature, specific heat and Helmholtz free energy, in terms of entropy considering different scenarios. We also assess the value of the horizon radius for the second-order phase transition in the presence of a quintessence-like fluid. We also focus on the effects of logarithmic corrections in entropy, highlighting how these corrections cause the entropy ratio to deviate from unity. Moreover, we discuss the black hole’s equation of state, which serves as the foundation for deriving and plotting the temperature and P-V isotherm. In order to incorporate concepts like Planck’s length, we consider a generalized version of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and derive the constraints on the event horizon radius.