bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of approach to assessing a functional relationship between solidity ratios for the rope/net part of midwater trawl
Authors: Simkin L. M.
Published: October 2020

In this paper we have analyzed an approach to assessing the relationship between some characteristics of the net panels forming the rope/net cone of a fishing trawl. Using the mathematical relationship of solidity ratios for the rope/net panels, it is possible to analyze existing structures and, furthermore, reduce the time for selecting the prototype trawl. Such mathematical relationship allows faster calculation of new trawl designs which takes into account the production specifics of an enterprise manufacturing the trawl fishing gear. The use of mathematical relationships provides the opportunity to accelerate the process of trawl construction.
First results of acoustic tags using for studies of migrations of siberian taimen Huho taimen (Salmonidae) in the Tugur River basin (northwestern Okhotsk Sea)
Authors: Kulbachnyi S. E. , Kolpakov N. V. , Kudrevskyi O. A.
Published: October 2020

Method of acoustic tagging of large-sized fish in a medium river is successfully tested for the case of siberian taimen Hucho taimen in the Tugur River. Algorithm of fish anesthesia and acoustic tag input into its body cavity is developed. For successful tagging, total duration of the process, including anesthesia, should not exceed 5 minutes. The best results of tagging are obtained for fish with a body length of 110–130 cm, which tolerate anesthesia easily. In 2017–2019, 25 out of 29 tagged fish were registered by acoustic equipment that indicates high efficiency of the method (86.2 %). Distance from the release point to the point of tag registration varied from 0.2 to 39.8 km. Some fish crossed almost completely the buoy-controlled section of the river that indicates a rather high migration potential of siberian taimen. On the background of high individual diversity of migration activity, two principally different behavioral strategies are distinguished — «residents» staying in one place up to 2 months and «nomads» migrating to a distance up to 30 km per day. The radius of taimen migration increases usually in May and September and decreases in August. The seasonal increasing is associated with feeding migrations: taimen feed on downstream juveniles of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and prespawning minnows Rhynchocypris lagowskii in May and on chum adults migrating to spawning grounds in September. During twilight and at night, the migrations are usually more active, but they are less visible and shorter in the morning and afternoon. Correspondingly, the main feeding of taimen is assumed in the twilight and dark time, whereas a supporting feeding in the daytime.
Application of the analysis of trace elements composition for calcified structures of fish to solve fundamental and applied scientific tasks: a review
Authors: Mikheev P. B. , Sheina T. A.
Published: October 2020

Microchemical analysis of calcified structures of fish is a modern technique for determining the origin of fish species and ontogenetic reconstructions of their habitat that can be applied for such tasks as stocks separation in mixed samples, tracking of fish migrations, determining of spawning, feeding or wintering areas, differentiation of fish of artificial and natural origin, growth analysis, age evaluation, etc. The approach is based on analysis of trace elements concentration between the center and periphery of a calcified structure, or precise measurement of the elements and their isotopes concentration in certain sites of sample. The calcified structures most often used for analysis are otoliths, skeleton bones, scales, and also statoliths of lampreys or beaks and statoliths of cephalopods. Specifics of the method application are described with examples of its use for solving diverse tasks of fundamental and applied science, in particular in complex studies of biological resources in the Amur River basin.
Optimal methods for identification of dominants for submerged aquatic vegetation on a case of the northwestern Tatar Strait
Authors: Dulenin A. A.
Published: October 2020

Dominant species are identified at infracenotic level for aquatic vegetation in the sublittoral zone of the northwestern Tatar Strait (Japan Sea) on the data collected in 2010–2019. Seven different methods of the identifying are considered based both on visual qualitative and quantitative assessments and on instrumental estimations of abundance for 44 macrophyte species. Depending on applied method, 19–25 species (7–22 % of total number of species) are identified as the dominants, including 10 species identified by all methods. List of these 10 species is defined as the core of vegetation that determines its general properties and the species are determined as unconditional dominants, in opposite to other ones identified by at least one method — conditional dominants. All macrophyte species in areas of low abundance do not meet the dominance criteria. All lists of dominants, including those based on visual estimates of projective cover and its physiognomy, are statistically indistinguishable (p = 0.55–0.92, by pairs of lists) and highly similar (Bray-Curtis index 0.80–0.95, Jacquard index 0.65–0.87), with one exception for the list identified by the method of ranking for the average projective cover (indices of similarity with other lists: 0.68–0.71 by Bray-Curtis, 0.46–0.56 by Jacquard). This visual method of projective cover assessment is combined with the procedure of species dividing to dominant and non-dominant groups. Quantitative criteria of projective cover and biomass, by species (thresholds 0.2 and 1.0 kg/m3, respectively) are used for dividing on cenotic and landscape levels and ranking with Brotskaya-Zenkevich index and its modification for projective cover is used for dividing on regional level. Visual methods are available for verification, but the lists of dominants based on visual and instrumental assessments should be mutually verified.
Awareness of Drug Abuse Among Dental College Students
Authors: Nithyanandham Masilamani  , Dhanraj Ganapathy
Published: October 2020

Drug abuse has been a serious medical concern worldwide. Given mortality, substance misuse is still liable for serious illness and also the marketing of illegal substances has a significant effect on the community. This study was conducted to determine the awareness of drug abuse amongst dental college students. A cross-sectional survey was done with a self-administered questionnaire comprising of ten questions pertaining to the awareness about drug abuse. The samples chosen for the study were 100 dental undergraduate students. The responses were collected and analysed.82% of the respondents were aware of the dangerous effects of drug abuse .68% said drug abuse is because of stress,8% said because of peer pressure and 20% said because of family problems and 4% said because of pleasure seeking .76 % feel deaddiction therapy can reduce drug abuse. 5% of the respondents have used some kind of drugs, .85% said they are aware of health risks associated with drug abuse. There is a high level of awareness among dental students regarding the abuse of drugs and associated health risks. However, more intense and wider community outreach programs should be initiated to spread awareness about drug abuse among the general public and the student community.
POTENSI KOMBINASI MEMANTIN DAN FITOMELATONIN DARI EKSTRAK BIJI BUNCIS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L) TERENKAPSULASI NANO-CHELATOR SEBAGAI INHIBITOR AGREGASI β-AMILOID DAN ANTIOKSIDAN : MODALITAS KURATIF MUTAKHIR PADA PENDERITA ALZHEIMER
Authors: Arrasyid Raafi Haidar , Kumala Endah Sari Ratna , Afnan Nisrina Hanifah
Published: October 2020

Alzheimer merupakan penyakit yang menyerang sistem saraf pusat manusia dengan tanda adanya atrofi dan kematian saraf pada beberapa regio di otak. Data dari World Health Orginazation (WHO) pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan angka penderita Alzheimer mencapai 50 juta orang dan di Indonesia mencapai 1,2 juta orang. Tatalaksana yang ada saat ini belum dapat mengobati Alzheimer secara menyeluruh dan tingginya ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam menjalani pengobatannya membuat angka penderita Alzheimer tetap tinggi. Mengetahui kombinasi memantin dan fitomelatonin yang terenkapsulasi nano-chelator sebagai terapi kuratif Alzheimer. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur. Penulis menganalisis sumber-sumber terkait yang mayoritas berasal dari jurnal yang diambil dari PubMed, Science Direct, dan Spinger. Memantin merupakan obat yang telah dipakai dalam pengobatan Alzheimer dengan memblok reseptor NMDA sehingga melindungi sel saraf dari reaksi inflamasi dan menghambat pembentukan agregasi β-Amilod. Namun, penggunaan satu bahan tersebut tidak dapat menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengkombinasikan memantine dengan fitomelatonin yang didapatkan dari buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L) dengan peran sebagai antioksidan dan mengurangi agregasi β- Amilod melalui jalur yang berbeda dari memantin. Untuk meningkatkan bioavabilitas, ketepatan terapi, dan kemampuan menembus Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) dari kedua bahan tersebut maka digunakanlah nano-chelator. Melalui efek penghambatan pembentukan agregasi β- Amilod dan antioksidan dari kombinasi memantin dan melatonin dengan enkapsulasi nano- chelator diharapkan terapi Alzheimer dapat lebih efektif dan efisien.
ANALISIS POTENSI TERAPI SELULER MENGGUNAKAN ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS DAN PLATELET-RICH PLASMA DALAM PENANGANAN PENYAKIT ALZHEIMER
Authors: Siagian Rejoel Mangasa , Krisandi Grady
Published: October 2020

Alzheimer sebagai penyakit penyebab utama dari kasus demensia pada lansia terus meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk usia lanjut. Diagnosis, pencegahan, dan secara khusus penanganan penyakit Alzheimer perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Penelitian terapi seluler dengan menggunakan sel punca adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) serta penggunaan bioteknologi platelet-rich plasma (PRP) menunjukkan sebuah penanganan dengan metode baru dan potensial oleh karennya dibutuhkan kajian analisis terkait potensi sebagai kandidat terapi Alzheimer. Kajian dilakukan sesuai dengan panduan PRISMA dari sejumlah database yang diakses daring. Dari hasil analisis studi literatur, ADSC dan PRP penurunan konsentrasi peptida amiloid beta (Aβ), pertumbuhan neuron dan sinaptogenesis, aktivasi mikroglia dengan fenotipe antiinflamasi, peningkatan produksi sitokin antiinflamasi, peningkatan stabilitas sinaps dan dendrit, peningkatan viabilitas neuron, peningkatan neurogenesis, dan penurunan neurodegenerasi.dan peningkatan kognitif. Potensi ADSC dan PRP cukup menjanjikan walaupun PRP masih belum banyak yang meneliti potensinya pada penyakit Alzheimer. Studi lebih lanjut mengenai kedua faktor bioaktif tersebut diperlukan untuk meningkatkan potensi serta kemungkinan kombinasi terapi ADSC dan PRP untuk penyakit Alzheimer.
POTENSI KOMBINASI INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-DERIVED NEURAL PROGENITOR CELL (IPSC-NPC) DENGAN HIDROGEL CHONDROITIN SULFATE SCAFFOLDS YANG MEMEDIASI BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR (BFGF) SEBAGAI INOVASI TERAPI TERBARU STROKE ISKEMIK
Authors: Sisca Sisca , Azizah Nurul , Al Aldi M. Salas
Published: October 2020

Stroke iskemik adalah jenis stroke yang paling umum terjadi dan merupakan penyakit dengan angka kematian dan kecacatan tertinggi di dunia. Terapi yang ada saat ini dalam menangani stroke masih menyisakan tantangan bagi para peneliti karena belum ditemukannya perawatan yang dapat meregenerasi jaringan otak yang hilang akibat infark. Penggunaan Neural Progenitor Cell (NPC) turunan induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) merupakan studi yang berada paling depan dalam tahapan uji praklinis karena diketahui dapat menjadi dan menggantikan neuron serta mempromosikan mekanisme pemulihan endogen seperti angiogenesis. Namun, terdapat hambatan dari penggunaan NPC utamanya pada patofisiologi stroke yang menyebabkan adanya resistensi terhadap terapi seluler. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kombinasi NPC dengan Scaffold menggunakan Chondroitin sulfate-A (CS-A) berbasis hidrogel yang dapat meningkatkan aliran darah ke inti stroke serta meningkatkan afinitas neurotropik. Kombinasi ini menghasilkan sinergitas terapi yang sangat baik dengan efek utamanya dimediasi oleh basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) yang akan memperbaiki kerusakan jaringan di daerah infark. Untuk mengetahui potensi kombinasi NPC dengan Hidrogel CS-A dalam pengobatan stroke iskemik. Literature Review ini disusun menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan mengumpulkan jurnal yang valid berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi khusus. Kombinasi NPC dengan Hidrogel CS-A secara signifikan meningkatkan perbaikan vaskular, aliran darah kortikal dan hasil perilaku sensorimotor setelah stroke. Peningkatan yang terjadi dimediasi melalui stimulasi pengeluaran bFGF yang mendorong perbaikan jaringan. Efektivitas pemberian NPC secara signifikan dapat ditingkatkan dengan kombinasi Hidrogel CS-A dan telah terbukti dalam berbagai pengujian sehingga diharapkan dapat menjadi upaya terbaru dalam terapi stroke iskemik.
GASTO PUBLICO Y EL EFECTO FLYPAPER EN LOS GOBIERNOS LOCALES DE LA REGIÓN DE PUNO
Authors: Vilca mamani Andres , Calancho Mamani Ernesto , García Castro Erika Beatriz
Published: October 2020

El estudio analizó el gasto público local y el efecto flypaper en los gobiernos locales de la región de Puno-2018, las transferencias intergubernamentales pueden causar dos efectos el efecto flypaper y la pereza fiscal, el efecto flypaper es considerado cuando las transferencias intergubernamentales pueden causar una expansión del gasto público local mayor que ante un aumento equivalente en los ingresos propios de la municipalidad. Para determinar la existencia del efecto flypaper se estimó el modelo de gasto local en función a variables fiscales. Los resultados demuestran la existencia del efecto flypaper en los municipios de la región de Puno, el flypaper por la suma total de transferencias que recibe las municipalidades es de 0.74%, según el rubro canon el flypaper es 0.25% y del foncomun es 0.33%. Esto indica que ante un incremento en las transferencias del canon y foncomun el gasto local aumenta en 0.34% y 0.41% respectivamente, pero ante la misma proporción de incremento de los ingresos tributarios el gasto local aumenta tan solo en 0.09%, estos resultados agricultura orgánica en la región de Piura 2020 . demuestran que la expansión del gasto local es mayor ante las transferencias y esto comprobaría que los municipios prefieren proveer vienes
FACTORES DE ADOPCIÓN DE AGRICULTURA ORGÁNICA EN LA REGIÓN DE PIURA 2020
Authors: Carrasco Choque Freddy , Sanchez Castro Janet Del Rocio
Published: October 2020

La agricultura orgánica es un sistema de cultivo agrícola autónoma basada en la utilización óptima de los recursos naturales, y surge como respuesta ante la contaminación de la agricultura convencional que usa productos químicos sintéticos. Desde sus comienzos ha suscitado una creciente interés y apoyo a nivel mundial. La investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las características de los agricultores y los factores que determinan la existencia de la agricultura orgánica en la región de Piura. Para identificar las características de agricultores usamos pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas y para los factores determinantes, desarrollamos un modelo econométrico probabilístico Probit. La base de datos proviene de la Encuesta Nacional Agropecuaria 2018. Existen diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos de muestras de agricultores que adoptan y no adoptan agricultura orgánica. Los factores más importantes que influyen y determinan la probabilidad de adopción de agricultura orgánica, es el uso de abono orgánico, uso de riego, capacitación, asistencia técnica y si pertenece a alguna asociación, comité o cooperativa, cada uno con efectos de 1.8, 1.5, 1.6, 1.5 y 1.2 puntos porcentuales respectivamente. Otro grupo de factores con efectos mínimos son el uso de fertilizantes químicos, uso de semilla certificada y financiamiento con -0.6, 0.1 y 0.2
BENEFICIOS ECONÓMICOS POR MEJORAR LA GESTIÓN DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS EN LA CIUDAD DE PUERTO MALDONADO
Authors: Quispe Herrera Rosel
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar la actual gestión de residuos sólidos en la ciudad de Puerto Maldonado, luego estimar la disponibilidad a pagar por un mejor servicio de limpieza pública y finalmente se evalúa la posibilidad de implementar un nuevo sistema de gestión de residuos sólidos. Se utilizó el método de valoración contingente y la base de datos se obtuvo de encuestas realizadas a los habitantes de la ciudad de Puerto Maldonado con una muestra aleatoria de 318 observaciones. Los resultados muestran que en la ciudad de Puerto Maldonado el servicio de recojo de residuos sólidos es insuficiente e ineficiente, los pagos que realizan los habitantes por concepto de limpieza y jardines no cubre los costos de operación a esto se suma el incumplimiento de pagos. La disponibilidad a pagar por implementar un plan de mejora del servicio de limpieza de residuos sólidos en la ciudad de Puerto Maldonado es de S/. 8.0, dicho pago seria directamente a la municipalidad para que los fondos sean utilizados para financiar los costos de inversión, operación y mantenimiento, en concreto el programa de mejora de la gestión de residuos sólidos en la ciudad de Puerto Maldonado es viable económicamente.
A Multicluster Approach to Selecting Initial Sets for Clustering of Categorical Data
Authors: Santos-Mangudo Carlos , J. Heras Antonio
Published: October 2020

Aim/Purpose: This article proposes a methodology for selecting the initial sets for clustering categorical data. The main idea is to combine all the different values of every single criterion or attribute, to form the first proposal of the so-called multiclusters, obtaining in this way the maximum number of clusters for the whole dataset. The multiclusters thus obtained, are themselves clustered in a second step, according to the desired final number of clusters.

Background: Popular cluster methods for categorical data, such as the well-known K-Modes, usually select the initial sets by means of some random process. This fact introduces some randomness in the final results of the algorithms. We explore a different application of the clustering methodology for categorical data that overcomes the instability problems and ultimately provides a greater clustering efficiency.

Methodology: For assessing the performance of the proposed algorithm and its comparison with K-Modes, we apply both of them to categorical databases where the response variable is known but not used in the analysis. In our examples, that response variable can be identified to the real clusters or classes to which the observations belong. With every data set, we perform a two-step analysis. In the first step we perform the clustering analysis on data where the response variable (the real clusters) has been omitted, and in the second step we use that omitted information to check the efficiency of the clustering algorithm (by comparing the real clusters to those given by the algorithm).

Contribution: Simplicity, efficiency and stability are the main advantages of the multicluster method.

Findings: The experimental results attained with real databases show that the multicluster algorithm has greater precision and a better grouping effect than the classical K-modes algorithm.

Recommendations for Practitioners: The method can be useful for those researchers working with small and medium size datasets, allowing them to detect the underlying structure of the data in an intuitive and reasonable way.

Recommendation for Researchers: The proposed algorithm is slower than K-Modes, since it devotes a lot of time to the calculation of the initial combinations of attributes. The reduction of the computing time is therefore an important research topic.

Future Research: We are concerned with the scalability of the algorithm to large and complex data sets, as well as the application to mixed data sets with both quantitative and qualitative attributes.
Meteorological Drought and its Relationship with Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)
Authors: Harisuseno Donny
Published: October 2020

Drought monitoring, including its severity, spatial, and duration is essential to enhance resilience towards drought, particularly for overcoming drought risk management and mitigation plan. The present study has an objective to examine the suitability of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Percent of Normal Index (PN) on assessing drought event by analyzing their relationship with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The monthly rainfall data over twenty years of the observation period were used as a basis for data input in the drought index calculation. The statistical association analyses, included the Pearson Correlation (r), Kendal tau (τ), and Spearman rho (rs) used to assess the relationship between the monthly drought indexes and SOI. The present study confirmed that the SPI showed a more consistent and regular pattern relationship with SOI basis which was indicated by a moderately high determination coefficient (R2) of 0.74 and the magnitude of r, τ, and rs that were of 0.861, 0.736, and 0.896, respectively. Accordingly, the SPI showed better compatibility than the PN for estimating drought characteristics. The study also revealed that the SOI data could be used as a variable to determine the reliability of drought index results.
Comparative Study of Utilising Neural Network and Response Surface Methodology for Flexible Pavement Maintenance Treatments
Authors: Milad Abdalrhman Abrahim , Majeed Sayf A. , Yusoff Nur Izzi Md.
Published: October 2020

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the prediction of flexible pavement maintenance that is caused by distressing on the surface layer is crucial in the effort to increase the service life span of pavements as well as reduce government expenses. This study aimed to predict flexible pavement maintenance in tropical regions by using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for predicting models for pavement maintenance in the tropical region. However, to predict the performance of the treatment techniques for flexible pavements, we used critical criteria to choose our date from different sources to represent the situation of the current pavement. The effect of the distress condition on the flexible pavement surface performance was one of the criteria considered in our study. The data were chosen in this study for 288 sets of treatment techniques for flexible pavements. The input parameters used for the prediction were severity, density, road function, and Average Daily Traffic (ADT). The finding of regression models in (R2) values for the ANN prediction model is 0.93, while the (R2) values are (RSM) prediction model dependent on the full quadratic is 0.85. The results of two methods were compared for their predictive capabilities in terms of the coefficient of determination (𝑅2), the Mean Squared Error (MSE), and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), based on the dataset. The results showed that the prediction made utilizing ANN was very relevant to the goal in contrast to that made using the statistical program RSM based on different types of mathematical methods such as full quadratic, pure quadratic, interactions, and linear regression.
The Construction Of Roadbeds on Permafrost and in Swamps from Reinforced Soils of Increased Strength
Authors: Shuvaev Anatoly N. , Smirnov Anton P. , Kartavy Sergey V.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the history of the transport infrastructure of the West-Siberian oil and gas complex in the last century and ways to solve the problems of road construction in the twenty-first century. The development of the territory of Siberia and the North in the present period is constrained by the low rates of development of the transport structure. One of the reasons for this lag is the lack of regulatory documents to substantiate transport structures in the harsh climatic and difficult soil and geological conditions based on the use of new modern road-building materials. The development of new resource-saving materials, structures and technologies based on local building materials, products and industrial waste using modern methods and research methods in materials science is an aim of current study. The general research methodology consisted of theoretical, laboratory and field studies. The developed designs and technologies for the construction of embankments in permafrost and in swamps using geotechnical holders filled with unsuitable soils (thawed and frozen waterlogged peat and clay soils) can reduce the volume of work and the cost of construction by one and a half to two times while increasing the service life of structures. The experimental sites of embankments constructed between 1995 and 2009 in the wetlands of the Uvat Group of deposits in the Tyumen Region and in permafrost in the areas of Novy Urengoy have been observed for more than ten years. The artificial stone material tested in Murmansk and Surgut based on the strengthening of local soils with inorganic binders with polymer additives using modern technologies allows it to be used instead of imported stone materials and reinforced concrete slabs for the construction of structural layers of road pavements, reinforcing slopes, as well as in hydraulic structures. The new artificial stone material is characterized by high strength and durability in areas with a temperature gradient of the external environment of more than 100 (from +50 to -50 °C).
Compressive Strength and Bulk Density of Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB) Infused with Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE) Pellets
Authors: Dolores Alvin Joseph Santos , Lasco Jonathan David , Bertiz Timothy M. , Lamar Kimjay M.
Published: October 2020

Infusing plastic waste to concrete and masonry structures is an increasingly common industry practice that has the potential to create an environment-friendly material that can improve some of the material’s properties, craft a novel means to repurpose plastic waste, and reduce the need for mining aggregates in the environment. This concept has been studied extensively in different forms of concrete, as shown by several studies; however, there is a dearth of studies focusing on the incorporation plastic waste in concrete hollow blocks (CHB). In this study, we aim to fill that gap by investigating on the effects of incorporating low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a commonly used plastic material, to CHB on its compressive strength and bulk density. Samples of varying percentages of LDPE replacement by volume (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) were fabricated and tested. Results showed a general trend of decreasing compressive strength and bulk density upon increasing the amount of LDPE pellets in CHB, which was also observed in previous studies. However, the compressive strength of CHB increased at 10% LDPE replacement, a result similar to a previous study. It was inferred that the strength of the plastic material could have a direct contribution to the compressive strength of CHB at low percentage of aggregate replacement. Statistical analysis showed that the mix with 10% LDPE pellets as replacement to sand was the best among the samples tested. It was shown that CHB infused with LDPE pellets has a higher compressive strength than what is normally used in the Philippines. It was concluded that based on compressive strength and bulk density, LDPE pellets is a viable material to use as partial replacement to sand in non-load bearing CHB.
Liquefaction Analysis using Shear Wave Velocity
Authors: Kamel Filali , Badreddine Sbartai
Published: October 2020

The Andrus and Stokoe curves developed based on shear wave velocity case history databases, are the most widely used in the context of the Seed and Idriss simplified procedure as a deterministic model. Theses curves were developed from the database according to the calculate cyclic stress ratio (CSR) proposed by Seed and Idriss in 1971 with the assumption that the dynamic cyclic shear stress (τd) is always less than the simplified cyclic shear stress (τr) deduced by Seed and Idriss based on their simplifying hypotheses (rd= τd / τr <1). Filali and Sbartai in 2017, showed that rd can in many cases be greater than 1, and they have proposed a correction for the CSR in the range where rd >1. In this paper, we will present a probabilistic study based on the Bayesian method for the evaluation of the liquefaction potential of a soil deposit using a case history database based on shear wave velocity measurement. The result of this analysis shows that by using the corrected version of the simplified method, the boundary curve is moved to a new position. Then, the objective of this study is to present an adjusted mathematical model which characterizes the new position of the boundary curve (CRR) and a new formulation for computing the probability of liquefaction based on the probabilistic shape of the CRR curves using the corrected and the original version of the simplified method.
Use of TRIZ, and TRIZ with Other Tools for Process Improvement: A Literature Review
Authors: Sojka Vladimír , Lepšík Petr
Published: October 2020

Paper reviewing the use of TRIZ tools and methods in combination with other tools for better manufacturing and production processes improvement. A weakness of the current state of process improvement is mainly solving problems by trivial tools as Brainstorming, which leads to not ideal resolutions to problems in the process. This could be improved by the use of TRIZ. A literature review was used for examination of the current state and history of the use of TRIZ principles in a field of production processes. The review is chronologically structured and focuses on attempts to use TRIZ itself or in combination with other tools with a goal improvement of processes or activities related to the process. The research begins before the year 2000 and it ends by the year 2019. The use of TRIZ for process improvement was described by many authors, and many approaches were tried. From the results, it is seen that TRIZ methods should be beneficial for use in practice. Unfortunately, found solutions are either too complex or without specific descriptions. That could be a cause of why the implementation of TRIZ tools is not spread. Results of review lead to a need for a new, more user-friendly approach based on TRIZ principles for use by engineers in real practice.
An Efficient Decoding Algorithm for Block Codes Based on the Communication Channel Reliability Information
Authors: Shim Yong-Geol
Published: October 2020

For channel codes in communication systems, an efficient algorithm that controls error is proposed. It is an algorithm for soft decision decoding of block codes. The sufficient conditions to obtain the optimum decoding are deduced so that the efficient method which explores candidate code words can be presented. The information vector of signal space codes has isomorphic coherence. The path metric in the coded demodulator is the selected components of scaled regions. The carrier decision is derived by the normalized metric of synchronized space. An efficient algorithm is proposed based on the method. The algorithm finds out a group of candidate code words, in which the most likely one is chosen as a decoding result. The algorithm reduces the complexity, which is the number of candidate code words. It also increases the probability that the correct code word is included in the candidate code words. It is shown that both the error probability and the complexity are reduced. The positions of the first hard-decision decoded errors and the positions of the unreliable bits are carefully examined. From this examination, the candidate codewords are efficiently searched for. The aim of this paper is to reduce the required number of hard-decision decoding and to lower the block error probability.
Innovation Management and Barriers – Creating Space for Innovation and Organizational Change
Authors: Modranský Róbert , Jakabová Silvia , Oláh Albert
Published: October 2020

The major purpose of this paper is to determine the opportunities and challenges relating to successful innovation management in SMEs in German and Slovakia. The objective and the subjective stances to research comprise three interlinking philosophies: epistemology, ontology and axiology. For this study the major design elements are the explanatory and the exploratory approaches and a case study is the selected research strategy. In order to answer the research problem, numerical and textual data is gathered. The empirical research studies revealed significant cultural influence on innovation management and related organisational change associated with it. It also highlighted substantial differences between success and failure factors in SMEs and large companies and there were implications that formal innovation management was less important from SMEs than for large companies. This research identified key innovation management success factors for SMEs and made three new findings, which add to the current knowledge: innovation circles were an effective innovation management approach to generating and developing ideas and getting innovation to market quickly; government agencies that encourage firms to collaborate effectively enhance the level and success of innovation; SMEs and large companies have distinctly different rankings of barriers to innovation and small and micro firms are more effective in original product innovation and speed to market than medium sized companies.
Lifetime Test of Tracked Vehicle Torsion Bars using Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Furch Jan , Nguyen Quy Hung
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the service life of torsion bars in tracked vehicles. The aim of the article is to show the suitability of accelerated tests and modelling for determining the service life of torsion bars, which takes many years in real operation. The design of a test bench for accelerated tests is presented together with limiting conditions, which were afterwards verified. Subsequently, a virtual model of the torsion bar of a tracked vehicle was created with the help of finite elements. Dynamic modelling was performed by MSC Adams software with a module using finite elements. Furthermore, the article shows the possibility of using the Monte Carlo method to determine the service life of torsion bars of tracked vehicles. The Monte Carlo utility of Accelerated Life Testing Analysis (ALTA) software is used to obtain failure data at specified test stress levels. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, one data set is generated containing values that are arranged in dependence on the specific lifetime distribution of the Weibull distribution. Finally, a comparison of the experiment with the calculated values is performed. The results obtained can be used to compile an accelerated test plan. This modelling design saves a lot of money and time to determine the life of the torsion bar in tracked vehicles.
A Novel Project Risk Assessment Method Development via AHP-TOPSIS Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Baylan Emin Başar
Published: October 2020

In project planning, risk assessment method plays vital role. Poorly assessed project risks cause degeneration at project cost, project completion time, and project output quality and project scope. Each project activity risk influence these project success factors. Implementation performance of a project activity triggers or smooth of its successor’s activity risks. Because of this; employing robust and detailed risk assessment methods is important to reach those project goals. In project risk assessment literature, when it is investigated, it is noticed that risk assessment and evaluation methods are only developed at whole project level. Actually, they are not comprehensive enough to evaluate the project risks at activity level. Besides that traditional risk assessment methods such as risk matrix does not able analyze project risk quantitatively. With this motivation, main aim of this study is developing a multi-criteria based decision method which prioritizing project risks at activity level. AHP and TOPSIS method are combined to developed novel method. In this hybrid method, Constructing AHP model is to prioritize work packages with respect to relative importance of project time, project output quality and project cost. Broken down structure of these work packages are used as input for weighted criteria for TOPSIS method. In second layer of this decision method, TOPSIS model is used for prioritizing predetermined activity risks according weighted project work packages success criteria. In the application of this method, a case study approach is followed. In this sense, “Global Furniture Ltd.” which is established in Istanbul, Turkey is chosen as a case to apply newly developed model. Results showed that application of AHP-Stochastic TOPSIS Hybrid Algorithm provides a platform that project risks could be analyzed as quantitative and also at project activity level.
Integration of Next Generation IIoT with Blockchain for the Development of Smart Industries
Authors: Iqbal Aamir , Amir Mohammad , Kumar Vinod , Alam Aftab , Umair Mohammad
Published: October 2020

In modern era, a wide range of smart industries is being focus on automation-based applications. Various technologies are rapidly implementing in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for manufacturing sectors that helping to achieve advanced schedule production framework and on time delivery of products. The integration of IIoT platforms with the blockchain are challenging service in manufacturing system. The primary objective of this article is to characterize various issues and challenges that are implementing IIoT and blockchain in industries. The proposed work is an integration of IIoT and blockchain in industrial processes for solving the security issues in real-time. Also, identifying various enablers of blockchain and issues of IIoT from smart industries manufacturing using a survey tool is formed in the form of questionnaire. Based on these responses Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique has been implemented for categorizing these challenges into cause and effect. In this paper, we introduce the general layout with their key issues and challenges of IIoT and blockchain that signifies the safety requirements to design the IIoT and blockchain. Further, we describe how IIoT can be integrated to the blockchain for smart Industrial applications. Finally, various recommendations are the proposed to upcoming IIoT and blockchain developments. The proposed work will be highly beneficial for the smart industries to develop a next generation IIoT and blockchain based framework.
Conceptual Metaphor «Human Being – Nature» In Literary Text: Pragmatics and Functions
Authors: Trubkina Anna I.
Published: October 2020

The relevance of the study is determined by the anthropocentrism of the modern scientific paradigm of linguistics and the need to establish correlations of the constituents of linguistic consciousness and
objects of the external world in the structuring and functioning of the conceptual metaphor in the literary text.
Conceptual metaphor is a mental topological projection of interacting areas of linguistic consciousness and the
surrounding world. The purpose of the article is to study the functional and pragmatic potential of metaphorical
models built on the basis of the conceptual metaphor «Human Being – Nature» in a literary text. The material
for the study was the literary texts of the novels of I.S. Turgenev’s “Rudin”, “Fathers and Sons”, “Smoke”,
“Virgin Soil”, containing representative metaphorical micro and macro contexts. The complex of research
methods includes the method of continuous sampling, deductive-inductive method, conceptual analysis, and
the method of linguistic interpretation. The functions of metaphorical contexts, which are based on the conceptual metaphor Human - Nature, consist in the possibility of representing the inner world of characters, their
general cultural potential, social status and origin; the use of metaphors in the speech of characters (external
and internal) allows us to talk about the figurative perception of the world by these heroes, about the level of
their emotionality and linguistic creativity, since metaphors are a kind of human thinking patterns. Analysis
of the implementation of the conceptual metaphor «Human Being- Nature» in a literary text allows one to
discover and describe the priority cognitive structures of the author’s linguistic consciousness and values inherent in the individual author’s picture of the world. Research prospects are in the possibility of identifying
priority conceptual metaphors in the individual author’s picture of the world on the basis of literary texts in
order to identify and describe the dominants of linguistic consciousness and the value picture of the world of
a particular author
Metaphorization as a basis for transterminologization in the sphere od subject terminological nominations
Authors: Gorbunova Natal’ya N. , Archakov Rustam A. , Akhtayeva Lalita A.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of terminological metaphorization in
the context of the hypothesis that this process is the cognitive basis for transsterminologization in the field of
subject terminological nominations. The authors have selected such areas as programming and stock trading as
an empirical base. To solve the research issues, the authors used the following general scientific and linguistic
methods: descriptive method, method of definition analysis, method of continuous selection. The selection of
78 metaphorical terms of software development and exchange trading selected by the method of continuous
selection from the total corpus of 2870 analyzed terms has served as the material for the research. The analysis
has shown that a significant number of terms in the areas of programming and exchange trading are formed
on the basis of metaphorical transfer. Subject terminological nominations designating certain fragments of
the professional picture of the world has moved into this area without changing their form (simple terms) and
served as the basis for the construction of derived term combinations based on a metaphorical transfer in new
subject areas. The transition of a term to a different field of knowledge is conditioned by an analogy in the
description of the phenomenon, or an analogy in the structure of the term, in its stylistic properties, in the functional and lexical meaning of the words that make up the term. The process of transsterminologization appears
as a multi-stage and multidimensional phenomenon, which includes both the discursive use of the term, and
its formal and semantic-stylistic characteristics. In general, the process of metaphorization plays an important
role in term formation. The properties of metaphors suggest that the metaphor should be considered within the
framework of an anthropocentric approach with the help of the cognitive-linguistic analysis.
IS ULYSSES REALLY HARD TO UNDERSTAND?
Authors: Gao Meng
Published: October 2020

As a representative work of modern stream consciousness novel written by James Joyce in twentieth century, Ulysses differs the traditional novel from the aspects such as the creature source of figure and plot, narration structure, a great number of metaphors and allusions usage and translation version. Therefore, its audiences are almost specialists and scholars who are dedicated to the study of Ulysses and few readers could accept it. The essay will review the novel from the stand of ordinary reader from the perspective of reader response theory to analyze the reason for which it becomes a great challenge for readers all over the world so that there could be some available ways for reader to understand the creation origin of the novel and to interpret it better. Finally, the essay hope that the value of the novel could be propagated and its novel creation could be accepted.
EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL VIBRATION FORCE ON TOOTH MOVEMENT; FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Bozkurt Aylin Pasaoglu , Cinsar Alev
Published: October 2020

Objective: The aim of this finite element study was to assess the effect of mechanical vibration force on tooth movement, stress distribution and velocity. Methods: A 3D model was created using CBCT image of a patient with class 2 malocclusion. Three different analyses were performed on a single model where upper first premolars were extracted. At canine distalization stage; 150 gf, 150 gf and 30 Hz (0.2 N), 150 gf and 111 Hz (0.06 N) were applied to canine. The first moment effect of force and vibration were evaluated using the Algor Fempro finite element analysis program. Stress and displacement distribution were investigated comparatively. Results: It was observed that the maximum displacement occurred in the second analysis (150 gf-30 Hz), while lower displacement was seen in the third analysis (150 gf-111 Hz), and the lowest amount of displacement was in the first analysis (150 gf). While only force application caused extrusion of the tooth, linear and vibration forces together caused intrusion. In the first analysis canine rotated in the distovestibule direction, but in the second and third analysis, canine showed distopalatal rotation. Conclusion: It was concluded that in a certain range, mechanical vibration force may have accelerated tooth movement.
DELTAIC AND SHELF DEPOSITIONAL PACKAGES OF THE GULANI MEMBER OF PINDIGA FORMATION, GONGOLA SUB-BASIN, NORTHERN BENUE TROUGH, N.E. NIGERIA
Authors: Shettima B. , Goro A.I. , Bukar M. , Mohammed Y.B.
Published: October 2020

Stratigraphic and facies analysis of the Gulani Member of the Pindiga Formation in the Gongola Sub-basin of the Northern Benue Trough indicated that the lithostratigraphic architecture of the formation are characterized by three bioturbated lithologic units. These includes the lower succession of heterolithic units with fine grained sandstones and mudstone interbeds, passing into succession of medium-coarse grained sandstone with dominantly trough crossbeds and a upper succession of medium grained trough crossbedded sandstone and mudstone interbeds. Facies evaluation of these distinct succession indicated development of a corresponding pro-delta sands and clays, moving into delta front sands and then shelf sandstone and claystone respectively. Thus suggesting that the Gulani Member was generally formed in a coastal setting defined by river dominated deltaic setting and shelf depositional environment.
CAN INCREASED MONOCYTE / LYMPHOCYTE RATIO BE USED AS AN INDICATOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE?
Authors: Bolayır Aslı
Published: October 2020

Background: The monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) obtained by dividing the number of monocytes by lymphocyte number is considered as a new marker of inflammation. The role of MLR in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been clearly understood yet. So, the aim of this study is to determine the role of MLR in the pathogenesis of AD.

Method: Our study is a single centered retrospective study. 254 patients with AD, who applied to our clinic between January 2013 and December 2017 and 256 healthy control with similar age and sex were included to this study.

Results: While lymphocyte count was lower in the control group; MLR values were higher in the patient group. The patient group was then divided into three subgroups according to the results of standardized mini mental test (SMMT). MLR values increased in parallel with the severity of AD. In addition, ROC analysis revealed that MLR values above 0.28 can be used as a marker of the development of AD (AUC: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66–0.87, sensitivity: 73.1%, specificity of 81.1%).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated the role of MLR in the inflammatory process, thought to be responsible for the development of AD.