bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologia e avaliação de risco associado à presença de ácaros hematófagos em galpões de granjas avícolas de postura
Authors: Oliveira T.M. , Teixeira C.M. , Araújo I.L. , Rezende L.C. , Cunha L.M. , Diniz S.A. , Silva M.X.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a epidemiologia da presença de ácaros hematófagos em granjas de postura no estado de Minas Gerais. Foi utilizado um banco de dados secundário, com informações de 402 galpões de 42 propriedades comerciais. As variáveis utilizadas para compor o modelo de correspondência foram selecionadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado (P≤0,05). Foi construído um índice para a presença de ácaros hematófagos, considerando alguns fatores de risco. Além disso, um estudo da análise espacial foi realizado para avaliar a presença de ácaros hematófagos em Minas Gerais. Observou-se a presença de ácaros hematófagos em 48% dos galpões, sendo a de O. sylviarum de 45,5%, O. bursa de 17,4% e D. gallinae de 2,7%. Houve associação entre o índice de risco com os intervalos de remoção de fezes e com a presença ou a ausência de aves sinantrópicas. Verificou-se que granjas mais tecnificadas não utilizam acaricida em seus galpões. A presença de ácaros hematófagos foi observada na mesorregião Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais e entre as mesorregiões Oeste de Minas e Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Esses resultados fornecem conhecimento sobre a epidemiologia desses ectoparasitos e podem contribuir na tomada de decisões, reduzindo os riscos de possíveis infestações em aves de postura.
Apamin-induced alterations in J774 1.6 macrophage metabolism
Authors: Picoli T. , Peter C.M. , Lopes M.G. , Barcelos L.S. , Varela Júnior A.S. , Corcini C.D. , Lima M. , Hübner S.O. , Vargas G.D.A. , Fischer G.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Among the immune system cells, macrophages have an important role. Apamin, a bee venom constituent, is important in the defense of these insects. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the metabolism of J774 1.6 macrophage cell line when exposed to isolated and purified apamin, using cytotoxicity tests by MTT reduction and analysis by flow cytometry (apoptosis / necrosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), membranous lipoperoxidation (LPO), electrical potential of the mitochondrial membrane (mMP) and DNA fragmentation). None of the tested concentrations (10 to 100μg/mL) were cytotoxic according to MTT reductions. Apoptosis rates decreased at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0μg/mL (P<0.05), while necrosis rates increased (P<0.05). However, rates of healthy cells at the highest tested concentration (10μg/mL) did not differ from control (P>0.05). Apamin did not alter ROS, LPO, or DNA fragmentation. Therefore, all analyzed concentrations (1.25 to 10μg/mL) decreased mMP. Such decrease in apoptosis might be due to a suppression of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic messengers, as this peptide causes no oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Highly sensitive techniques are majorly important for proper interpretation of cellular toxicity mechanisms, combined with routine laboratory methods.
Valores ecobiométricos e índice de resistividade da artéria oftálmica externa em catetos (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Araújo S.B. , Alves F.R. , Pessoa G.T. , Rodrigues R.P.S. , Moura L.S. , Silva A.B.S. , Souza A.P.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Foram avaliados ultrassonograficamente, pela via transpalpebral, 28 bulbos oculares de 14 catetos adultos, através de técnica padronizada pelo operador. Adicionalmente foi realizado o estudo hemodinâmico da artéria oftálmica externa pela técnica de Doppler colorido. Os dados coletados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo programa Bioestat 5.0 for Windows, adotando-se 5% de significância. Com a metodologia empregada, obtiveram-se os seguintes valores para os globos oculares direito e esquerdo, respectivamente D1: 1,72 ± 0,29mm e 1,76 ± 0,40mm; D2: 9,95 ± 1,08mm e 10,6 ± 0,99mm; D3: 7,42 ± 0,93mm e 7,45 ± 0,72mm e D4: 17,6 ± 0,78mm e 17,8 ± 0,59mm. Os valores médios do índice de resistividade da artéria oftálmica externa foram 0,435 ± 0,02 e 0,448 ± 0,02 (globos oculares direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Não houve diferença estatística quanto aos antímeros oculares em nenhum dos parâmetros estudados. Conclui-se que a ecobiometria ocular e a Dopplerfluxometria da artéria oftálmica na espécie Tayassu tajacu é executável e reprodutível, desde que haja domínio do examinador em relação à anatomia e à técnica adequada. Os valores inferidos neste estudo servem de referência para médicos veterinários no diagnóstico de doenças oculares.
Energy values of crude glycerin for broilers
Authors: Souza C. de , Broch J. , Souza C. , Wachholz L. , Kohler T.L. , Eyng C. , Nunes R.V.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The energetic values of crude glycerin (CG) were determined for broilers at different ages using the method proposed by Matterson and by polynomial regressions. Two trials were performed with broilers from 11 to 21 and from 31 to 41 days of age. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with a reference ration (RR), without CG, and three ration tests with replacement of 5%, 10%, and 15% of RR by CG. The metabolizable energy values were calculated by the Matterson method, and the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) values were used in polynomial regression analysis. The mean values of AME, apparent corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn), metabolizable coefficient of gross energy (CAMEB), and corrected for nitrogen balance (CAMEBn) of CG, for the phase from 11 to 21 days by the Matterson method were 10.08 MJ kg-1, 10.04 MJ kg-1, 67.06%, and 66.74%, respectively. The inclusion of CG presented an increasing linear effect for CAMEB and CAMEBn in this period. From 31 to 41 days, these values were 10.38 MJ kg-1, 10.27 MJ kg-1, 69.02%, and 62.24%, respectively. The predicted AMEn value through the polynomial regression equations was 10.49 MJ kg-1 and 10.18 MJ kg-1, respectively. According to the equations proposed by Matterson, the crude glycerin EMAn values for broilers from 11 to 21 and 31 to 41 days of age were 10.04 MJ kg-1 and 10.26 MJ kg-1, respectively. According to Adeola's method the AMEn values were 10.49 and 10.20 MJ kg-1 for each phase.
Correção de fratura Salter-Harris tipo I em porquinho-da-índia (Cavia porcellus) ˗ relato de caso
Authors: Silva V.A. , Wu S. , Fukushima F.B. , Adams P.P. , Cunha O. , Piccoli R.J. , Carvalho A.L.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Um filhote de porquinho-da-índia (Cavia porcellus) foi recebido para atendimento após histórico de ataque por cão. Na avaliação física, observou-se edema, dor e crepitação em membro pélvico direito, sugestivo de fratura. Na avaliação radiográfica, confirmou-se fratura Salter-Harris tipo I em epífise distal da tíbia. A resolução cirúrgica escolhida foi a associação de pino transarticular e coaptação externa com tala de Altman. O paciente teve acompanhamento radiográfico semanal e obteve alta médica no 35o dia de pós-cirúrgico, quando se observou consolidação com completo remodelamento ósseo.
Parotid salivary mucocele in a companion rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): a report on the clinical and laboratory characteristics and surgical treatment ˗ case report
Authors: Araujo S.T. , Campos S.D.E. , Ferreira J.C.A. , Garrot A.S. , Almeida L.A.S.L. , Cunha D.M. , Barbosa J.M.S. , Almosny N.R.P.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The present report aimed to describe the main characteristics of the parotid salivary mucocele in an adult male rabbit, which presented with a painless fluctuating mass with fluid content. Owing to the need for repeated fluid drainage, surgical excision was the chosen mode of treatment. Preoperative evaluation included radiography and blood analysis. The patient underwent surgical excision of the affected gland. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained by means of isoflurane and the cardio-respiratory parameters were monitored throughout the surgery. A bipolar electrocautery was used to assist in the incision and polyglactin 910 and nylon were the suture materials used in the wound closure technique. Post-operative medications included analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents and antibiotics. Histopathology of the excised glandular tissue revealed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblasts, hemorrhage and hyperemia. The observations in this case suggest that surgical excision of the affected gland is the treatment of choice for the management of mucocele in companion rabbits, which has already been identified for other animals. Periodic acid-reactive Schiff staining confirmed the diagnosis of salivary mucocele. The complementary investigations helped to rule out the differential diagnosis and indicated a favorable prognosis, in view of the fact that the case was successfully resolved without complications or recurrence.
Evaluation of stallion sperm motility with ImageJ using a cell phone camera and a light microscope
Authors: Freitag G.P. , Lima L.G.F. , Kozicki L.E. , Felicio L.C.S. , Weiss R.R.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the accuracy of assessing stallion sperm motility using a light microscope, a cell phone camera, and a free computer-assisted semen analysis (FCASA) package for ImageJ. The total motility of frozen (n=22) and cooled (n=48) equine semen was determined by FCASA and compared to the results of subjective visual analysis (SVA) by two technicians. Frozen samples were also evaluated by a commercial computer-assisted semen analysis (CCASA) system. The Friedman test revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) between cooled samples analyzed by FCASA (38.0) and SVA (technician 1, 40.0; technician 2, 40.0), nor between frozen samples analyzed by FCASA (23.36 ± 15.9), SVA (25.5 ± 18.8 and 25.8 ± 18.5), and CCASA (25.2 ± 18.3). However, mean FCASA results were underestimated by 7.2% compared with CCASA. The correlation between FCASA and CCASA was significant and strong (P<0.0001, r=0.95). Chi-squared tests indicated that FCASA provided similar results (P=0.14) to the reference method (CCASA), but SVA had lower accuracy (P=0.04). ImageJ analysis of cell phone videos captured under a light microscope can be used for estimation of stallion sperm motility with comparable accuracy to commercial systems.
Sex disparities determined by biometric and hematological measurements in Astyanax bimaculatus
Authors: Pereira M.O. , Preto A.L. , Moraes A.V. , Bittencourt M.F. , Hess J.D. , Andrade J.I.A. , Jatobá A.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare the body indexes and hematological characteristics between Astyanax bimaculatus males and females. Four hundred fish were randomly distributed into four polyethylene tanks (100 fish/unit) in a recirculation system and fed four times a day (3% of biomass). After 90 days, ten fish (five ♀ and five ♂) were removed to perform blood tests and to measure weight, height, total length, height/length ratio, condition factor and index determination: vicerosomatic (VSI), hepatosomatic (HSI), and gonadosomatic (GSI). The results showed a higher average weight (g) in females (12.32±0.71) compared to males (6.98±0.75), the same happened to height (cm) = (3.01±0.07) and (2.40±0.05), total length (cm) = (3.01±0.07) and (2.40±0.05), VSI (%) = (11.43±0.81) and (3.55±1.05), HSI (%) = (0.72±0.08) and (0.30±0.04), respectively. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg) was higher in females (3.72±1.20) than in males (2.99±1.51). Regarding the number of thrombocytes (103.µL-1), there was an increase in males (25.71±3.91) compared to females (17.40±6.40).
Clinical and morphological justification of the treatment of purulonecrotic lesion in deep structures of limb distal segment in pig: case report
Authors: Kyrychko B. , Zvenihorodska T. , Kravchenko S. , Kyrychko O. , Semirenko V.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Surgical pathology of the musculoskeletal system, and in particular the diseases of the limb distal segment in pigs are quite common. Their significant spread leads to economic losses due to culling, compulsory slaughter, short-received pig production and pig crop. The purpose of this work was to reveal clinical and morphological features of limb distal segment diseases in pigs and to study the possibility of preserving their health and productivity. The conservative treatment of purulonecrotic lesions in the deep structures of the limb distal segment in pigs is not promising. It is shown that the best way to treat a given pathology is amputation of a sick limb. The technique of carrying out exarticulation of talus shin consists in separation of soft tissues, capsule and ligaments, ligation of vessels, formation of stump. The postoperative recovery period of the animal body is 25 days.
Food consumption of children enrolled in five municipal schools according to socio-demographics characteristics
Authors: LINHARES Angélica Ozorio , CLEFF Mariana Marins , VIANA Manuela Ferreira , NEVES Rafaela de Oliveira , GIGANTE Denise Petrucci
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To describe children food consumption in the five municipal schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and their main characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional study of children enrolled in five municipal schools. The mothers were interviewed at the school. The questionnaire about habitual food consumption was based on the guidelines of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and reviewed in Stata 14.0. The consumption frequency was reported according to each exposure category. Statistical tests based on Chi-Square test with 5% significance level and adjusted analyses through Poisson regression were used. Results A total of 548 children were included. Females represented 51.1% of the total sample; the average age was 48.3 months. Children up to two years of age were those who consumed the most fruits and vegetables while sweets were mostly consumed by older children, aged between three and four years. Unhealthy foods had a high frequency of consumption, with sweet being the most consumed (58.8%), followed by packet snacks (53.3%). In the adjusted analysis, eating meals in front of the screens remained associated with lower consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Eating meals in front of the screens reduces children’s vegetables consumption. At the same time, the child’s age and maternal education seem to have some influence on the consumption of unhealthy foods, indicating the need for nutritional education interventions.
Nutritional therapy in hospital care of in-patients with Covid-19: evidence, consensus and practice guidelines
Authors: WEBER Thabata Koester , LEANDRO-MERHI Vânia Aparecida , BERNASCONI Isabela , OLIVEIRA Maria Rita Marques de
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this work was to review papers that deal with nutritional therapy of inpatients with Covid-19 from the beginning of the pandemic. The survey covered the period until the month of September 2020. Methods This is a review of the indexed literature (Scopus, Pubmed and Lilacs), including area consensus. Results The review showed that the initial recommendations were based on generic assumptions and, as specific knowledge was being produced, the recommendations became more targeted. Conclusion In the health crisis generated by Covid-19, in the context of uncertainties related to nutritional care procedures, knowledge and action strategies were generated, coordinated by researchers and health professionals.
State Capacities and Policy Work in Brazilian Civil Service
Authors: Filgueiras Fernando , Koga Natália , Viana Rafael
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: This article analyzes the issue of Capacities for the implementation of public policies. The article examines the concepts of state capacity, policy capacities and policy work to analyze the role of bureaucratic roles in the implementation process. The article criticizes the concept of state capacities and advocates a perspective that the analysis of capacities should be focused on the performance of agents for the fulfillment of public policy functions. Materials and methods: Based on a survey analysis with agents of civil service bureaucracy, the article lists the central capacities for the performance of functions necessary for the implementation of public policies. Results: The theoretical finding is that capacity analysis should consider the role of individuals in the performance of policy functions and the organizational context in which they are embedded. Discussion: This article contributes to the literature on bureaucracy and governance in Brazil.
Antibacterial activity of phytopathogenic Streptomyces strains against bacteria associated to clinical diseases
Authors: Tomaseto Alex Augusto , Alpiste Marcel Costa , Nassar Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro , Destéfano Suzete Aparecida Lanza
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: The genus Streptomyces is associated with the ability to produce and excrete a variety of bioactive compounds, such as antibiotic, antifungal and antiviral. Biological active polyketide and peptide compounds with applications in medicine, agriculture and biochemical research are synthesized by PKS-I and NRPS genes. The evaluation of the presence of these genes associated with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in different phytopathogenic Streptomyces strains were performed using degenerated primers. The positive signal was observed in 58/63 Streptomyces strains for NRPS gene, 43/63 for PKS-I, and for PKS-II all the 63 strains showed positive signal of amplification. These strains also were tested with double layer agar-well technique against bacterial with clinical importance, and it was possible to observe the Streptomyces spp. strains were able to inhibit the growth of 14, 20, 13 and 3 isolates Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775) respectively. The Streptomyces sp. strains IBSBF 2019 and IBSBF 2397 showed antibacterial activity against all four bacteria-target tested.
“Our time has come! It’s time for the church to govern”: evangelicals in Brazilian politics and in our ethnographies
Authors: Duarte Tatiane dos Santos
Published: November 2020

Abstract This article analyzes how religious values, around which the campaign of Jair Bolsonaro was organized and which continue to be used to maintain the fidelity of the religious bases of his government, originate from the actions of the Evangelical Parliamentary Front in the National Congress, which since its establishment has demanded that the values of “the moral majority” be observed by the state. To achieve this, members of the Front instrumentalize legal principles, while also evoking moral panic. These steps, allied to support for other conservative proposals, form the political agenda of a new right that has acted effectively in Brazilian politics and become the political base of a government for which a moral agenda is the backbone of a new state that is “terribly Christian”, extremist and conservative. Given this challenging situation, what are the impacts of this sole truth becoming state policy for social diversities, and on our anthropological reflections about the imbrications between religion and politics?
New records of Leptospira spp. in wild marsupials and a rodent in the eastern Brazilian Amazon through PCR detection
Authors: SOUZA ROCHA Katarine de , SCHUPP DE SENA MESQUITA Gleiciane , SILVA FERREIRA Maeli Fernanda , LEITE BARROS Flávia de Nazaré , MACEDO Renata Cecília Soares de Lima , ARAÚJO SARAIVA Elane de , MENDES-OLIVEIRA Ana Cristina , DUARTE CERQUEIRA Valíria , SCOFIELD Alessandra , GOES CAVALCANTE Gustavo , ABEL Isis , GUIMARÃES DE MORAES Carla Cristina
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT We analyzed the presence of Leptospira spp. in liver and kidney tissue of wild marsupials and rodents trapped in a periurban forest in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We examined 25 individuals of four marsupial and seven rodent species for the presence of the 16S rRNA gene of Leptospira in the DNA extracted from 47 liver and kidney tissue samples using PCR. We detected positive samples in 12% (3/25) of the individuals, in kidney fragments of two marsupial species (Didelphis marsupialis and Marmosops pinheiroi) and in a liver fragment of one rodent species (Echimys chrysurus). These are the first records of Leptospira spp. in M. pinheiroi and E. chrysurus and it is the first molecular survey of marsupials and rodents in the Brazilian Amazon.
Notes on natural history and behavior of Monodelphis glirina (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) and sympatry with congeners
Authors: BRANDÃO Marcus Vinicius , SEBASTIÃO Harley , KUNIY Adriana Akemi , CAVALIERI Soraya , GODOY Leandro Perez
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Monodelphis glirina is endemic to the Amazon and its life habits and natural history are poorly known. Data on the species were collected in northern Mato Grosso, Brazil, including observations on its behavior and simpatry with congeners. During 10 expeditions and with an effort of 3,680 buckets-day, 29 M. glirina, three M. saci and one M. emiliae individuals were captured. Adults accounted for 82.8% of M. glirina captures, with a sex ratio of three males for each female. Capture of young and lactating females was seasonal, as both were captured only in the rainy season. We observed three events of M. glirina preying on rodents in pitfall traps, all with the same feeding behavior. We also report an individual climbing a tree at night, including a video recording. Our report contributes to a better understanding of the ecology of this highly diversified and still poorly known genus.
Notes on Stenhelmoides and description of the true male genitalia of S. strictifrons Grouvelle, 1908 (Coleoptera: Elmidae)
Authors: FERNANDES André S. , POLIZEI Thiago T.S. , BOLDRINI Rafael
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The genus Stenhelmoides comprises 15 species spread over all Central and South America and its greatest species richness is clearly associated with Amazonian regions. Based on examination of type specimens and additional material, we describe and illustrate the true male genitalia of Stenhelmoides strictifrons, which had until now been incorrectly illustrated in the literature. We also report new records of the genus Stenhelmoides from Brazil and Guyana. In addition to pictures of the species’ habitus, we provide pictures of the type specimens of Stenhelmoides grandis, S. grouvellei, S. guyanensis; S. strictifrons and S. submaculus. Based on the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, we recognize additional paralectotypes for S. guyanensis and for S. grouvellei.
FROM FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE LEGACY WE WANT
Authors: Padilha Maria Itayra
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on the future of the nursing profession based on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the goals of the Nursing Now campaign and the celebration of Florence Nightingale's bicentennial. Method: reflexive analysis presented in two central topics: the first deals with Florence Nightingale-precursor of entrepreneurship in nursing; the second deals with the COVID-19 pandemic, the consequent turnaround of the Nursing Now campaign and the strengthening of nursing as a valuable profession. Results: in the first topic, we point out the fundamental aspects of the trajectory of Florence Nightingale as the creator of modern nursing worldwide through advances, innovations, scientificity and correlation of its principles with the current reality. In the second topic, we historically reflect on the activities of Nursing in the great wars and epidemics up to the present, correlating the practices and the way nursing is constituted as a profession. We point out the goals of the Nursing Now campaign and its significance post-pandemic, as well as the expansion of nursing visibility and the constitution of a new professional identity. Conclusion: finally, we reflect on the importance of nurses pursuing their efforts to grant visibility to their expertise in all fields of work and knowledge, strengthening the identity and the professional image we want to anchor in society and maintain for the future.
O Pensamento de Fronteira de Carolina Maria de Jesus
Authors: Oliveira Érika Soares
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este texto tem como objetivo refletir a respeito da pretensa universalidade do conhecimento, discutindo o modo como explicações eurocêntricas sobre o mundo acabam por orientar nossa produção acadêmica. Parte-se da ideia de que a colonialidade epistemológica, ao designar aquelas(es) que teriam direito de produzir teorias, acaba por criar uma série de não existências o que, em última instância, leva ao desperdício de experiências. A partir do conceito de pensamento de fronteira, desenvolvido pela perspectiva decolonial, trago a obra da escritora Carolina Maria de Jesus para discutir a possibilidade de se pensar a realidade a partir da ferida aberta pela diferença colonial. Com suas narrativas, Carolina permite que se compreenda que o conhecimento é gerado a partir de uma geopolítica que procura excluir algumas vozes e que, a despeito de incontáveis estratégias de subalternização, essas vozes teimam em resistir. Deseja-se aqui desempalidecer epistemes e produzir olhares “outros” para a produção de conhecimento em psicologia social.
Social Maladjustment and Criminal Behavior Pattern Changes in Adolescents in Conflict with the Law
Authors: Galinari Lais Sette , Costa Rafaelle Carolynne Santos , Komatsu André Vilela , Bazon Marina Rezende
Published: November 2020

Abstract Personality aspects that present a risk for criminal conducts are susceptible to changes. This study aimed to identify the profile of adolescents in conflict with the law based on the Social Maladjustment (SM) construct, to describe patterns of criminal conducts, and to verify the continuity and change on these variables, in a longitudinal prospective study. A sample of 78 adolescents answered to the Jesness Inventory - revised in Brazil and to the Questionnaire of Youth Behaviors, at two collection times (W1 and W2). The profiles were identified with latent class growth analysis and the behavior patterns were compared with Student’s t test. Two classes were obtained: High SM and Normative SM. At W1, SM high scores were associated to high frequency in the perpetration of crimes and both classes had lower SM at W2. The results point to the possibility of changes in SM and in conduct over time.
Stress conditions in soybean areas based on measurements of soil-plant-atmosphere system and UAV images
Authors: Machado Marley Lamounier , Simão Maria Lélia Rodriguez , Simão Fúlvio Rodriguez , Alexandrino Rômulo César Soares
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The identification of stress conditions in soybean crops is, in most cases, inaccurate, since they may not be noticeable to their full extent if only walking observations are carried out in the crop fields. This study aimed to identify the stress conditions in soybean crops, in three growing environments, in the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, using image processing techniques obtained by UAV, leaf and soil sensors, and climate data. The surveys encompassed two growth stages [beginning of blooming (R1) and beginning of seed enlargement (R5)] and consisted on UAV flights; mapping of chlorophyll content, soil moisture and soil pH; in addition to climate data. The HSV and yCbCr color models applied to RGB images showed the best Kappa accuracy index for the identification of crop features. The soil pH and moisture (water availability), solar radiation and temperature affected the crop growth and development in the study regions, in the R1 and R5 reproductive stages. However, the soil pH had less influence than the climatic variables. The R5 stage showed a greater vulnerability to stress caused by soil moisture and temperature.
Paclobutrazol in the flowering management affects the quality of Malpighia emarginata fruits
Authors: Sousa Erivan dos Santos , Lobo Jackson Teixeira , Carreiro Daniel de Almeida , Dias Dayanne do Nascimento , Sanches Luciana Guimarães , Cavalcante Ítalo Herbert Lucena
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Floral management using the growth regulator paclobutrazol may be an alternative for promoting the uniformity of flowering and fruiting in West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) plants. However, the effects of its use on fruit quality are still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol doses on the fruit quality of M. emarginata. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement, with three replications and three plants per plot, with the studied factors consisting of two M. emarginata cultivars ('Junko' and 'Flor Branca') and five paclobutrazol doses (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 g a.i. m-1 of canopy diameter). The following variables were evaluated: fruit mass, fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters, pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and vitamin C content. The use of paclobutrazol, to some extent, promoted the increase of fruit mass, longitudinal diameter and soluble solids contents. The 'Junko' cultivar presented a higher vitamin C content than that for 'Flor Branca', and the maximum vitamin C contents were obtained with the paclobutrazol doses of 0.64 and 0.81 g a.i. m-1, respectively for the 'Junko' and 'Flor Branca' cultivars. None of the studied factors promoted differences for pH and fruit acidity.
Milling yield components of local dryland rice varieties
Authors: Maghelly Otavio Rechsteiner , Ogliari Juliana Bernardi , Souza Rosenilda de , Reichert Júnior Francisco Wilson , Pinto Tassiane Terezinha
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Family farmers in the western Santa Catarina state, Brazil, have conserved local dryland rice varieties. However, the literature lacks data about the milling performance of these varieties, as well as about the effects of genotypes, environment and genotype x environment interaction. The current study aimed to evaluate the milling yield, as well as whole, broken, white-belly and chalky grains, in experiments designed in complete randomized blocks, with four replications, in two sites. The rates for milling yield and whole and broken grains were, respectively, 57.93-69.90 %, 38.73-66.0 % and 3.40-22.15 %, with 15 local varieties reaching values similar to those recorded for modern dryland rice varieties. The Anchieta county (origin of the varieties) recorded the highest values for milling yield and whole grain. The incidence rates for white-belly and chalky grains were, respectively, 0.10-8.68 % and 0.02-3.12 %. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed for genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction effects, concerning the milling yield. For whole and broken grains, the differences were significant (p ≤ 0.05) for genotype and environment, but not significant for genotype x environment interaction. For white-belly and chalky grains, the differences were significant (p ≤ 0.05) for genotype and genotype x environment interaction, but not significant for environment. For all the studied milling yield variables, differences were observed for the varieties' stability, as well as established a stability ranking.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH COVID-19: REPORT OF THE FIRST 115 CASES FROM SABARÁ HOSPITAL INFANTIL
Authors: Rabha Anna Clara , Oliveira Junior Francisco Ivanildo de , Oliveira Thales Araújo de , Cesar Regina Grigolli , Fongaro Giuliana , Mariano Roberta Ferreira , Camargo Clarice Neves , Fernandes Fátima Rodrigues , Wandalsen Gustavo Falbo
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations and severity of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 treated at Sabará Hospital Infantil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational study. All cases of COVID-19 confirmed by RT-qPCR of patients seen at the hospital (emergency room, first-aid room, and ICU) were analyzed. The severity of the cases was classified according to the Chinese Consensus. Results: Among the 115 children included, a predominance of boys (57%) was verified, and the median age was two years. A total of 22 children were hospitalized, 12 in the ICU. Of the total, 26% had comorbidities with a predominance of asthma (13%). Fever, cough, and nasal discharge were the most frequent symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 58% of children and gastrointestinal symptoms, by 34%. Three children were asymptomatic, 81 (70%) had upper airway symptoms, 15 (13%) had mild pneumonia, and 16 (14%) had severe pneumonia. Hospitalized children were younger than non-hospitalized children (7 months vs. 36 months). In hospitalized patients, a higher frequency of irritability, dyspnea, drowsiness, respiratory distress, low oxygen saturation, and hepatomegaly was observed. Chest radiography was performed in 69 children with 45% of abnormal exams. No child required mechanical ventilation and there were no deaths. Conclusions: Most of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 had mild upper airway symptoms. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 were more severe among younger children who exhibited gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms more frequently.
O queer como gesto profano em João Gilberto Noll
Authors: Sant’Anna Evandro
Published: November 2020

Resumo Partindo do princípio de que a escrita de João Gilberto Noll movimenta, em quase todo seu trajeto ficcional, deslocamentos de sentidos a respeito de categorias como “corpo”, “sexo” e “gênero”, apresentando seus personagens sempre através de uma ótica que coloca problemas aos limites binários “homem/mulher” e “homossexual/heterossexual”, este artigo busca elaborar uma análise de Acenos e afagos (Noll, 2008c) e Berkeley em Bellagio (Noll, 2002) à luz do conceito denominado “profanação”, proposto por Giorgio Agamben. Trata-se, neste trabalho, de compreender o queer inscrito na obra do autor gaúcho como uma potência que, contestando os territórios sobre os quais a própria literatura se assenta, é capaz de profanar os ditames discursivos administrados pela lógica biopolítica que sustenta o ordenamento contemporâneo.
Falta de efetivos e insegurança em refinarias de petróleo
Authors: Ferreira Leda Leal
Published: November 2020

Resumo Introdução: refinarias de petróleo são indústrias perigosas. Uma das causas importantes de acidentes constantemente apontada pelos trabalhadores é a falta de pessoal. No entanto, em geral as investigações se limitam às suas causas imediatas e, muitas vezes, atribuem culpa aos operadores, mesmo quando decorrentes de processos operacionais inseguros e da organização inadequada do trabalho. Objetivo: levantar questões sobre as relações entre falta de pessoal e segurança em refinarias. Métodos: as reflexões e questionamentos levantados se baseiam em relatórios oficiais sobre o acidente da refinaria de petróleo BP Texas City, ocorrido nos Estados Unidos em 2005, e em documentos de organizações sindicais, da mídia investigativa e da literatura científica. Discussão: a análise dos documentos mostrou de forma categórica que a falta de operadores contribui para acidentes e que seus efeitos debilitam a segurança, podendo se manifestar até muito tempo após a redução de pessoal. Embora essa situação seja continua e objetivamente denunciada pelos operadores e suas representações, raramente seus argumentos são considerados com a mesma seriedade com que se analisam as causas diretas e materiais de acidentes. Pelo alto grau de consciência sobre os riscos a que estão expostos e a responsabilidade de enfrentá-los, os trabalhadores devem ser ouvidos.
A justiça não pode parar?! Os impactos da COVID-19 na trajetória da política de teletrabalho do Judiciário Federal
Authors: Antunes Evelise Dias , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: November 2020

Resumo Introdução: o teletrabalho tornou-se um recurso necessário diante da crise de emergência em saúde pública causada pelo novo Coronavírus (Sars-CoV-2). Objetivo: analisar a trajetória da regulamentação do teletrabalho no Setor Judiciário Federal e como foi impactada pela pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo descritivo com base em resoluções que regulamentaram o teletrabalho na Justiça Federal. Resultados: o teletrabalho foi iniciado no Judiciário Federal em 2013, quando o Tribunal da 4ª Região publicou a primeira resolução a respeito. Em 2016, o Conselho Nacional de Justiça o regulamentou nacionalmente e cada Tribunal emitiu normativas complementares. Diante da pandemia, para não paralisar suas atividades devido ao isolamento e ao distanciamento social, o Judiciário Federal rapidamente estabeleceu o teletrabalho integral e compulsório a todos os magistrados, servidores e estagiários, porém com a adoção de diferentes metas e ações pelos tribunais. Aspectos ambientais, individuais e familiares, da organização e da natureza do trabalho devem ser observados na implementação do teletrabalho. Conclusão: os resultados sugerem que os desafios da realização do teletrabalho durante a crise devem contribuir para análise e aperfeiçoamento das normas, metas e políticas públicas vigentes em teletrabalho no Judiciário e nos demais setores, assim como para o entendimento e prevenção dos seus impactos à saúde dos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras.
Exposição a agrotóxicos e agravos à saúde em trabalhadores agrícolas: o que revela a literatura?
Authors: Nogueira Fernanda de Albuquerque Melo , Szwarcwald Celia Landmann , Damacena Gisele Nogueira
Published: November 2020

Resumo Introdução: a relação entre agrotóxicos e agravos à saúde tem sido investigada em diferentes contextos. Objetivo: reunir evidência científica relevante sobre agravos à saúde associados à exposição ocupacional aos agrotóxicos. Métodos: revisão de literatura de estudos publicados entre 2000 e 2017, nas bases PubMed, Embase e LILACS. Estabeleceu-se como critérios de elegibilidade: a) estudos observacionais; b) população de trabalhadores agrícolas; c) exposição ocupacional; d) agravos à saúde definidos como desfecho; e) comparação estatística de expostos com não expostos; f) idioma inglês, português ou espanhol. Resultados: 59 publicações foram elegíveis - 33 estudos transversais, 22 de coorte e 4 caso-controle. Discussão: os estudos indicam que trabalhadores rurais apresentam maior risco para alguns agravos crônicos (câncer, doenças mentais, neurológicas, endócrinas, renais, auditivas, respiratórias e autoimunes), efeitos subclínicos (danos genéticos e alterações bioquímicas) e sinais e sintomas clínicos de intoxicação aguda. Também foram identificadas limitações dos estudos quanto à avaliação da exposição e do desfecho, delineamento e amostragem. Conclusão: as evidências sugerem a necessidade de se complementar a avaliação da saúde dos trabalhadores expostos aos agrotóxicos utilizando biomarcadores de efeito de genotoxicidade e citotoxicidade, a fim de promover e ampliar a vigilância da exposição e das intoxicações crônicas e suas prevenções.
Capitalism and inequality
Authors: Rehbein Boike
Published: November 2020

Abstract According to the prevailing opinion, capitalism is a market economy governed by immutable laws and inequality is the result of competition between free and equal individuals on that market. This paper argues that capitalism, as developed in Western Europe in modern times, has more in common with organized crime than with a system of natural laws. It is rooted in the sale of church and common lands, the privatization of finance (especially public debt) and colonialism. However, its purpose is not the accumulation of wealth. It is merely a particular way of sustaining domination by a small group of people over the rest of the population. Domination in capitalism differs from earlier forms of domination in two ways: it is reproduced via the accumulation of wealth and it is not visible as such. Neither the purpose (domination) nor the functioning (systematic appropriation) is visible on the surface. Even Marx was led to believe that the economy is governed by laws which can be studied scientifically. The paper will argue against this belief by tracing the structures of domination to the reproduction of social inequality in capitalist societies.
Trabalho decente no capitalismo contemporâneo: dignidade e reconhecimento no microtrabalho por plataformas
Authors: Rosenfield Cinara , Mossi Thays Wolfarth
Published: November 2020

Resumo Um novo padrão de organização do trabalho emerge no capitalismo contemporâneo: o trabalho por plataformas digitais, que pode ser do tipo on demand ou crowdwork. O crowdwork, especificamente, consiste em tarefas subdivididas em unidades muito pequenas lançadas à “multidão” por intermédio das plataformas. Frente à precariedade e ausência de regulação do microtrabalho, o Bureau Internacional do Trabalho produziu um relatório que oferece “18 recomendações para tornar o microtrabalho mais justo”, as quais são objeto de análise neste artigo. Essas recomendações foram classificadas em três categorias: representação política, distribuição de recursos (de caráter operacional) e reconhecimento da dignidade (de caráter moral). A partir desta análise, problematizou-se o conceito de trabalho decente da OIT, concluindo-se que a realidade do microtrabalho torna necessário introduzir o reconhecimento como dimensão obrigatória e anterior às demais para lograr abarcar a dignidade como condição para o trabalho decente.
Graciliano Ramos e a roda de Maceió
Authors: Mendonça Wellington Pascoal de
Published: November 2020

Resumo Entre as décadas de 1930 e 1940, a inserção e permanência dos escritores em posições vantajosas no incipiente campo literário brasileiro demandava o cumprimento de uma série de exigências, como conseguir editores e avaliações positivas da crítica. Este artigo, ao combinar a análise de correspondências, entrevistas, biografias e críticas literárias, trata dos expedientes que os escritores poderiam mobilizar ao se lançarem na vida literária. Nesse sentido, recupero a trajetória de Graciliano Ramos, sobretudo suas relações com a roda de Maceió - amizade, sociabilidade literária, solidariedade e interesse também - a fim de evidenciar como o escritor valeu-se desse cabedal de relações sociais para levar adiante sua carreira.
Freshwater ecosystems of Mainland Ecuador: diversity, issues and perspectives
Authors: Celi Jorge Emilio , Villamarín Francisco
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Ecuador is one of the smallest and most densely populated countries in South America. In spite of this, it is also one of the 17 megadiverse countries worldwide and home to the largest number of species per unit area. Most aquatic ecosystems in mainland Ecuador have historically faced strong environmental pressures because the country’s economy has been based on the exploitation and trade of raw materials and agricultural products at a very high environmental cost. In this review, we provide a broad overview of the diversity of freshwater ecosystems and fish in mainland Ecuador. We address broadly current and historical threats to these ecosystems, including pollution due to oil extraction, mining activities, agriculture and the disruption of hydrological connectivity caused by hydroelectric dams. Despite these problems, we show some examples of promising initiatives at the local and national levels to address this situation.
Caminhos metodológicos de pesquisa participativa que analisa vivências na pandemia de Covid-19 em populações vulneráveis
Authors: Almeida Castro Furtado Lumena , Fegadolli Claudia , Chioro Arthur , Kazuo Nakano Anderson , Gonçalves da Silva Cristiane , De Paula Liana , Rosa de Souza Luciana , Arantes Nasser Mariana
Published: November 2020

O objetivo geral do artigo é compartilhar a investigação em curso que se propõe a analisar as vivências, os processos e os impactos sistêmicos da pandemia de COVID-19 e das medidas e ações realizadas para a sua prevenção, contenção e enfrentamento. O estudo considera as desigualdades nas vivências da pandemia em populações de diferentes territórios vulneráveis. São 14 territórios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo e da Baixada Santista. O delineamento da pesquisa busca qualificar o olhar para a vivência da pandemia em sua complexidade, via uma produção interdisciplinar do conhecimento, realizada junto com as populações estudadas.  O coletivo de pesquisadores é formado por moradores dos territórios, estudantes e pesquisadores ligados à universidade. Unifica este coletivo o compromisso de produzir conhecimentos científicos socialmente referenciados. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa, em cada território, produzida em conjunto com pesquisadores sociais e organizações coletivas, tem permitido uma reflexão crítica e visibilizado à centralidade das redes construídas pelos atores locais. Esse percurso permite considerar o modo de produzir vida em territórios marcados pela desigualdade e reconhecer seus desafios. Caminhar nesse complexo processo atravessado pela pandemia é o desafio e a riqueza desse estudo.
Modular Structures and Atomic Decomposition in Ontologies
Authors: Del Vescovo Chiara , Horridge Matthew , Parsia Bijan , Sattler Uli , Schneider Thomas , Zhao Haoruo
Published: November 2020

With the growth of ontologies used in diverse application areas, the need for module extraction and modularisation techniques has risen. The notion of the modular structure of an ontology, which comprises a suitable set of base modules together with their logical dependencies, has the potential to help users and developers in comprehending, sharing, and maintaining an ontology. We have developed a new modular structure, called atomic decomposition (AD), which is based on modules that provide strong logical properties, such as locality-based modules. In this article, we present the theoretical foundations of AD, review its logical and computational properties, discuss its suitability as a modular structure, and report on an experimental evaluation of AD. In addition, we discuss the concept of a modular structure in ontology engineering and provide a survey of existing decomposition approaches.
Modelling creep and swelling after unloading under constant load and relaxation with Bayesian updating
Authors: Vergote Thomas Alexander , Leung Chun Fai , Chian Siau Chen
Published: November 2020

It has been established that preloading of clay is an effective means to reduce creep of the soil under working load conditions. After an initial rebound during unloading, a long-term viscous response occurs involving both creep and swelling. A new model is proposed that allows modelling of the creep and swelling that occurs sequentially under constant load or relaxation. The model is verified with 58 published unloading tests under constant load and further evaluated with new one-dimensional tests with unloading stages under constant load and relaxation conditions. The model applies four viscoplastic parameters that are fit to the data by use of a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to evaluate the posterior probability distribution of the parameters. The reinterpreted test results show that viscous swelling plays a prominent role in the unloading response and affects the creep strain rate significantly. The experimental data do not support the modelling of swelling as an isotache process but rather as a transient process triggered by unloading. Creep, on the other hand, can be modelled as an isotache response; yet after unloading the isotaches are distorted, leading to larger creep strain rates than suggested by non-linear fixed isotache models. The newly proposed model allows description of the one-dimensional unloading response under constant load and relaxation that vary as a function of the reference overconsolidation ratio relative to a reference isotache.