bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal Performance Impacts of Venting EIFS Assemblies
Authors: Khaled Khaled H.
Published: May 2021

One of the key improvements in EIFS is the addition of a geometrically defined drainage gap in the continuous insulation layer to allow water that has penetrated the outer EIFS lamina to drain out by gravity to the exterior. The integration of this cavity has raised questions regarding its impact on the thermal performance of wall assemblies constructed with these vented EIFS. The objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal performance impacts, as a percentage reduction in the effective RSI-Value, of a vented EIFS assembly against a face-sealed EIFS and expand the results with respect to increased building height and wind velocities. It can be concluded from the results that a vented EIFS assembly with 2-inches of EPS foam insulation and 4-inches of fiberglass cavity insulation experiences a maximum reduction of 4% in the whole assembly’s effective RSI-value against a face-sealed EIFS assembly. Furthermore, increased wind speeds, caused by installing EIFS at higher elevations from the grade had negligible effects on the thermal resistances of the face-sealed and vented EIFS
Issues of communication in the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Sedore Mark
Published: May 2021

"After a brief introduction to Rousseau's life and his personal concerns with communication, this essay will outline five touch points regarding communication in his body of work: his thoughts on conversation both personal and formal; his thoughts on the development of speech in children; his theories on the origins of language for humankind; his philosophies on books and the book industry, and; his innovative use of other communications vehicles and relationship to mixed media in 18th century Europe - to engage in discourse with detractors, perceived enemies and a supportive public"--From page 2.
Architecture and control of an electric vehicle charging station using a bipolar DC bus
Authors: Iunnissi Sebastian Andre Rivera
Published: May 2021

DURING the last decade, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have become a reality, and several products that offer a cleaner alternative for transportation have become available on the market. However, despite the numerous advantages
of EVs, drivers are still more inclined to use conventional vehicles because they do not see them as a real alternative to transportation. The main reasons for this are the long refueling process using conventional overnight
charging and their limited mileage capacity. Several options have been explored in order to address this reticent behaviour toward EVs. Among these alternatives, the high-power fast charging process of the battery packs holds the potential to facilitate large-scale adoption of EVs. However, to reduce the charging times and also meet all the challenges and requirements of this growing application, new high-performance architectures must be conceived and developed. Framed by this context, the main goal of this thesis is to contribute the development of fast-charging stations (FCS) configurations, control schemes and coordination methods to facilitate its grid integration. The increased power levels and the amount of energy involved in transportation, make multilevel power converters as the most suitable topologies for enabling the station. Aiming in this direction, a novel architecture for FCS is
proposed, based on the use of a bipolar dc bus enabled by a central Neutral Point Clamped Converter.
Given the selected dc configuration, the balancing of the dc voltages becomes more complex. This is related with the stochastic nature of the EV charging load, leading to unbalanced dc loads. To overcome this issue two balancing methods are proposed based on the use of a balancing circuit that enhances the central converter capabilities.
Moreover, the architecture enables the inclusion of energy storage and generation stages, allowing to extend its functionality. To fully explore the potential benefits of FCS, a third balancing mechanism is developed based
on the use of an energy buffer. Without altering its main function, its power consumption can be managed toward aiding the balancing tasks.
Additionally, the inclusion of these optional stages requires a proper management of the energy available in the system. A novel generalized energy management strategy is proposed, that allows to evaluate the economical
benefits of the different configurations.
Towards Absolute Dose Measurement in MRI-LINAC and GAMMA KNIFE®: Design and Construction of an MR-Compatible Water Calorimeter
Authors: Entezari Niloufar
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this work was to design and build a portable 4⁰C stagnant Water Calorimeter (WC) for dual use in MRI-linac and Gamma Knife® in addition to conventional radiotherapy linacs. WC determines radiation energy absorbed in a sensitive volume absolutely and directly through measuring radiation-induced temperature rise (related to the medium’s specific heat capacity). To assist with the design process, several parameters involved in calorimeter tank design including tank dimensions, a variety of insulation material and thicknesses, unique cooling design structures to sustain WC at 4⁰C, as well as the calorimeter vessel design were simulated, and the results on heat gain/loss at the point of measurement was evaluated. Based on the optimizations, a calorimeter tank was built, and one single set of initial measurements in a conventional clinical linear accelerator was performed.
The sustainable bride: an exploration in conceptual bridal design
Authors: Schaefer Kirsten
Published: May 2021

The production and use of the traditional, iconic wedding gown is an unsustainable practice. Despite the celebrity-endorsed, environmentally aware social climate in North America, the trend to purchase single-use garments continues to dominate the bridal fashion industry. Using McDonough and Braungart’s (2002) “cradle-to-cradle” theoretical approach, this project investigated creative pattern-making techniques to develop conceptual bridal gowns that maximize sustainability. The project blended modular and Zero Waste Pattern Cutting (ZWPC) design techniques to create innovative bridal fashion that eliminates fabric waste and extends garment use while adhering to an iconic and culturally acceptable bridal silhouette of fitted waist, open neckline, and full skirt. The project developed a Sustainability Scale to foster objective decision-making practices and facilitate selection of the most sustainable options, which has the potential for general fashion industry-wide application.
Identification and Quantification of Proteins from Preparative Partition Chromatography and Peptides from Organic Extraction of Fetal Versus Adult Bovine Serum using Nano-Spray-LC-ESI-MS/MS
Authors: Chen Zhuo Zhen
Published: May 2021

Blood proteins communicate with many different cells, tissue and organs; perform key functions in the immune system and may be of particular biological complexity. One of the most widely used blood products in the laboratory is fetal bovine serum for cell culture. There are ethical and practical concerns regarding the use of fetal serum from animals and alternative serum-free replacements have been attempted using platelet lysates. Previous biochemical experiments have shown that FBS apparently contained factors such as alpha-feto protein (AFP) and insulin-like growth factors that may support the indefinite cell growth and division of certain cell lines. It is presumed that a set of as yet undefined growth factors transform cells growth resulting in rapid proliferation. Cultured Raw cells 264.7 in adult bovine serum multiplied slowly and differentiated into elongated cells with a dendritic shape, which died after the first few generations. On the contrary, in fetal bovine serum, cultured cells multiplied rapidly and formed many smaller cells with a rounded shape through many cell passages. Three independent batches of fetal bovine serum were tested on Raw cells 264.7 macrophages to confirm that they supported cell growth in culture compared to three independent batches of adult bovine serum. The intact proteins of each serum sample were separated by partition chromatography into 16 fractions with an increasing step gradient of salts over quaternary amine resin (proteomics). The endogenous peptides were precipitated with 90% of acetonitrile and extracted into 10 fractions with a decreasing step gradient of acetonitrile in water (peptidomics). Trypsin digested intact proteins and endogenous peptides were then analyzed on a fresh C18 nano-HPLC column with random and independent sampling by LC-ESI-MS/MS. The fractionated mass spectra were identified with SEQUEST and X!TANDEM algorithms. Redundant use of MS/MS spectra were flirted out with the SQL Server system and the R statistical analysis system was used to perform Chi Square (X2) analysis of frequency counts and ANOVA of the log10 precursor intensity results. Alpha-feto protein, fetal albumin, insulin, insulin like growth factors, platelet derived growth factors and proteins associated with HRAS/AKT growth pathway at the level of ligand, receptors, receptor associated enzyme and nucleic acid binding proteins including transcription factors were observed to be specifically enriched in fetal serum.
Tail Call Elimination in the OpenSmalltalk Virtual Machine
Authors: Ralston Matthew
Published: May 2021

Tail call elimination is used by languages and compilers to optimize the activation of methods in tail position. While this optimization has been the source of much research, it has not previously been implemented in the OpenSmalltalk virtual machine - the open-source Smalltalk virtual machine used by Smalltalk environments such as Pharo and Squeak. There are many approaches described in the literature to implement tail call elimination, such as removing stack frames on method activation instead of method return. Two implementations of tail call elimination using a stack frame removal approach are presented for Opensmalltalk VM. One implementation is presented for the Interpreter and one for the Cog JIT compiler. These implementations are tested with both ideal and real world scenarios and show improvements in execution time and memory usage.
Influences on the suicide crisis amongst First Nation Youth in northern Ontario
Authors: Sellers Amanda
Published: May 2021

Suicide is an ongoing crisis for many First Nation communities in northern Ontario. First Nation youth taking their own lives as become highly prevalent in many small communities, leaving behind friends and family struggling with grief and loss. Despite a significant volume of literature on the suicide crisis, there are some gaps that continue to be seen on the influences on First Nation youth suicide. In utilizing secondary data analysis (SDA), this research explores the those influences in these areas: First Nation people's access to resources, grief and loss to suicide, the effects of Indian Residential School, and one’s connectedness to land, spirituality and culture. I discuss the effects of colonization and intergenerational trauma in relation to the findings. This research is conducted in hopes to expand future suicide prevention strategies and encourage ways the social work profession can better provide services for First Nation communities.
Rethinking Engagement: Transforming Space into Place via Sensing Technology
Authors: Morshedi Samira
Published: May 2021

The proliferation of media technologies can transform human‘s engagement and their sense of place with their environment, and it is important to revisit the role of architects when designing public physical places in the digital era. Juhanni Pallasmaa and Merleau-Ponty‘s arguments on senses, perception and movement within a space are all re-occurring themes in this design exploration. Yu-Fi Tuan‘s concept of transforming a space into a place is also used, especially when interacting with the space by utilizing our senses. Finally, Huizinga‘s ideas on what constitutes play within a space; has also been applied. This thesis aims to reconfigure a space and transform it into a place where sensing technology is used to stimulate senses to encourage the user to engage with the physical space. The advancement of digital technology in architecture has resulted in a new phenomenon referred to as interactive architecture which makes up the foundation for this thesis.
The British Press Agencies Collection At The AGO
Authors: Streiman Rebecca
Published: May 2021

This thesis project discusses the British Press Agencies Collection ("BPAC") which was donated to the Art Gallery of Ontario ("AGO") in 2008 by the Archive of Modern Conflict in London, England. The BPAC, a collection of 1240 gelatin silver prints includes works from over 50 press agencies and 70 photographers.

Completion of this thesis project involved researching the images in the BPAC, organizing and re-housing the collection and creating a finding aid.

This thesis project has three parts: 1)an analytical paper, 2)the organization and re-housing of the collection, and 3)the creation of a finding aid.

The analytical paper discusses the methodology of the research undertaken, the choices made in the organization and re-housing of the collection, and the issues surrounding large press collections in museums. The finding aid is intended to be a document available to researchers in the Marvin Gelber Prints and Drawing Study Centre at the AGO.
Massively multi-user online platform for large-scale applications
Authors: Yu Allen Yen-Cheng
Published: May 2021

Many large-scale online applications enable thousands of users to access their services simultaneously. However, the overall service quality of an online application usually degrades when the number of users increases because, traditionally, centralized server architecture does not scale well. In order to provide better Quality of Service (QoS), service architecture such as Grid computing can be used. This type of architecture offers service scalability by utilizing heterogeneous hardware resources. In this thesis, a novel design of Grid computing middleware, Massively Multi-user Online Platform (MMOP), which integrates the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) structured overlays, is proposed. The objectives of this proposed design are to offer scalability and system design flexibility, simplify development processes of distributed applications, and improve QoS by following specified policy rules. A Massively Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG) has been created to validate the functionality and performance of MMOP. The simulation results have demonstrated that MMOP is a high performance and scalable servicing and computing middleware.
An Improvement on Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (Leach) Porotocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Behboudi Negin
Published: May 2021

Based on LEACH, a new clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks is proposed and implemented. A new visualization method is also introduced. There are two outcomes from the implemented protocol. The first outcome is prolonged network lifetime. The second outcome is an increase in flexibility of the location of the base station. Another contribution of this thesis is development of a visualization tool that helps users to understand the energy behavior of the sensors in similar applications. The first outcome —prolonged network lifetime —are due to considering the distance of each node from the base station while clusters are formed. The energy dissipation for transmitting certain amount of data is defined as a piecewise function which is divided by certain distance threshold. A piece of this piecewise function is implemented in this work, which leads to increased flexibility in the location of the base station.
The uses of personal communication devices in corporate environments
Authors: Bajko Robert N.
Published: May 2021

The rise of smartphones in the past decade has created situations in which individuals use them in public and private domains. More recently there has been an increase in the adoption of smartphones by corporations; what is not very well understood is their use within meetings. In this dissertation I present quantitative and qualitative data from two online surveys conducted two years apart on the type of smart mobile devices used in meetings, and the attitudes and behaviours of meeting participants towards their usage. The results from the two surveys included four key findings: (1) meeting participants believed that multitasking with a mobile device was a commonly adopted activity; (2) participants took a more accepting attitude towards using certain mobile devices (specifically laptops) in meetings; (3) it was somewhat acceptable to make work-related calls or send text messages regarding work-related emergency matters using smartphones during meetings; and (4) individuals in management tended to think that making important work-related calls during meetings was acceptable. Furthermore, from a list of six types of departments, the operations department tended to rate texting important work-related messages during meetings as acceptable compared with other departments.

After reviewing the data from surveys I and II, it was determined that more detailed data were required to observe people’s actual behaviours in live meetings. As a result, a study was devised to simulate a meeting scenario in which one individual would receive and send text messages. Eight video recordings of meeting participants were captured and analyzed to assess their resulting attitudes and behaviours. In four of the meetings text messages arrived in two clusters (i.e., five text messages at the beginning and three at the end of the meeting), while for the remaining four meetings text messages arrived evenly distributed throughout the meeting.

The data from those meetings suggest that the participants in the evenly distributed text messages group of meetings interacted with their mobile devices more often but on a less obtrusive level by checking their phone status. The participants in the clustered grouping of text messages group of meetings tended to produce more negative comments (verbal and non-verbal) regarding the actor and their own phone usage. When the actor received a text message, participants tended to give a negative non-verbal gesture, such as gazing at him, or when participants used their own mobile phones they tended to provide a verbal justification of their own use.
The effect of doxycycline and collagenase A on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards a nucleus pulposus phenotype
Authors: Bojchuk Olena
Published: May 2021

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration costs the healthcare system billions of dollars annually and leads to reduced quality of life. Current treatments are invasive and primarily focus on symptom relief rather than repair. This study aimed to facilitate the development of an injectable therapy using chondrogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the absence of collagen II deposition. Briefly, pelleted MSCs were cultivated in chondrogenic medium and were supplemented with collagenase A or doxycycline in order to inhibit collagen assembly. Results indicated that collagenase A and doxycycline treatment had no negative effects on DNA or proteoglycan content. Collagenase A at all concentrations affected collagen content, as did doxycycline at low concentrations. Furthermore, preliminary gene expression studies for nucleus pulposus markers showed that collagenase A and doxycycline may have some effect on terminal differentiation of MSCs in chondrogenic medium. Overall, the findings suggest that collagenase A and doxycycline supplementation can be used to inhibit collagen formation, thereby facilitating the further development of an injectable therapy for IVD repair.
Efficient Resource Management on Container as a Service
Authors: Park Paul ChanHyung
Published: May 2021

Docker has been widely adopted as a platform solution for microservice. As the popularity of microservice increases, the importance of fine-tuning the efficiency of resource management in the Docker platform also increases. While Docker’s out-of-box resource management solution provides some generic management capability, more work is required to improve resource utilization and enforce Service Level Agreement (SLA) for critical services.

In this research, an efficient Docker resource management scheme, called Adaptive SLA Enforcement, is designed and implemented. For the sake of comparison, we also study and implement three simpler schemes: 1) Fixed Number of Containers, 2) Dynamic Resource Management without SLA Enforcement, 3) Strict SLA Enforcement. We found that the Adaptive SLA Enforcement scheme can deliver efficient resource management with SLA enforcement, thus successfully addressing the deficiencies of the other three schemes.
Extending the Human Umwelt: Reframing Our Understanding Of an Environment via Mixed Reality and Digital Soundscapes / Visualizations
Authors: Castledine Michael James
Published: May 2021

This project conceptualizes and creates a series of multi-sensory art installations for public and private musical / sound experiences, exploring conversations in augmented / generative art, synesthesia and digital trespassing.
At the intersection of the digital and physical world, how can reframing and layering physical landscapes with digital soundscapes educate, inform, delight, and elicit conversations about a world that has not been experienced before?
Making reference to contemporary technology and documenting the creative / constructive process, the direction of this inquiry explores how a multi-sensory and generative artistic approach can create strong crossovers from one sense to inform another.
Study Of Resilient Packet Ring Based On OPNET
Authors: Zhang Xin
Published: May 2021

Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) is the next generation layer-2 protocol optimized for transporting data traffic rather than circuit-based traffic. In this thesis, we design and evaluate our own RPR simulation model that is fully compliant with the latest proposal promoted by IEEE 802.17 Work Group.

By using this model, we investigate the limitations of the fairness control algorithms proposed by IEEE 802.17 WG. An alternative design, namely, Fuzzy Logic Control, is considered to overcome the shortcomings. Real world scenarious are simulated using this new approach. The simulation results justify the application of this new RPR model, and support its validity.

Furthermore, by using this model we also derived an equation to calculate Fairness Round Trip Time (FRTT), which is a key parameter in designing an appropriated size for Secondary Transit Queue (STQ) in RPR. This equation overcomes the limitations proposed by IEEE 802.17 Work Group.
Advanced traveller information system (ATIS) using GPS/GIS
Authors: Ibrahim Bassim
Published: May 2021

Vehicle arrival time is one of the most important factors of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Accurate transit travel information is important because it attracts additional customers and increases the satisfaction of transit users. A passenger waiting for a train or bus, a person waiting for a cab, a customer waiting for a courier to come to his/her home to pickup or deliver a package, a business office waiting for a truck for goods and a home user waiting for his/her shipment for which he/she did online shopping are a few examples of how important vehicle arrival time is in different areas of life. Most companies are investing a lot of money to improve their systems for better, faster and reliable customer service. As the cost of ITS components have decreased, the automatic vehicle location (AVL) system, which is one component of ITS, has become more widely used. Many transit agencies use an AVL system to track their vehicles in real-time. Tracking systems technology was made possible by the integration of three technologies: global positioning system (GPS), global system for mobile communication (GSM) and the geographic information system (GIS).
This project shows detailed research in the area of automatic vehicle location and implements a low cost vehicle tracking system using GPS and GPRS. The system reads the current position, speed and direction using GPS, the data is sent via GPRS service from a GSM network to a server using TCP/IP protocol and the server saves this information to the database on a regular time interval. The web-based application then uses this data and calculates the approximate arrival time. The system allows a user to view the present position of the vehicle using Google Maps and calculates the arrival time. Also, bus location can be monitored in real time by route supervisors. This will allow supervisors to make better service adjustment decisions because they will be able to see how the route is operating. The test bed was a bus route running in the downtown of Toronto.
Can't you act like a man? : support in educational setting for children with non-mainstream sexual and gender identitites
Authors: Tapley Brad
Published: May 2021

This study attempts to explore and restory the early experiences of a man who grew up with a non-mainstream sexual identity. Young children may be exploring non-mainstream gender and sexual identities. Resources should be in place to support these children, both at home and in school. By identifying gender and sex as constructs, heteronormative assumptions on appropriate behaviour are challenged and similarly deconstructed. Disempowerment is illuminated throughout this narrative and information provided by civil rights groups, school boards and prominent researchers are woven with the participant's thoughts, his early boards and prominent researchers are woven with the participant's thoughts, his early experiences and recommendations for the future. A narrative research design was used to develop my participant's personal story. Multiple methods of data collection were employed and individual voice was honoured. Full participation was encouraged whereby the participant made suggestions on how to improve the research process and the overall strength of his story. Additionally, as a teacher, the participant has shared his experiences and advice on including children with non-mainstream sexualities in the classroom. By exploring the narrativers of an adult who has experienced invisibility and marginality as a child, I hope to increase our understanding of the importance of supporting young children with non-mainstream sexual and gender identities and the detrimental effect that the lack of support can have upon young children's formation of identity.
Experimental characterization of the pressure buildup in the intramedullary canal during orthopaedic reaming using a synthetic bone analogue
Authors: Hojabr Azar
Published: May 2021

During certain orthopaedic procedures such as total hip or total knee arthroplasty, it is necessary to ream the intramedullary canal of long bones prior to the insertion of the implant. This reaming procedure can generate significant intramedullary pressure elevations, potentially leading to the release of embolic fat into the blood stream, and thus increasing the risk of a potentially fatal complication, i.e., fat embolism syndrome. In this thesis, a two layer synthetic bone analogue with open cell porosity and mechanical properties similar to that of real bone was developed and used to evaluate the effect of reaming parameters such as RPM, advancement speed, reamer size, bone marrow viscosity and clogged reamer on resulting intramedullary pressure elevations. All the aforementioned parameters, except the reamer size, were found to significantly influence the medullary pressure. It was found that increases in the reamer advancement speed increased the pressure, whereas increases in the reamer RPM decreased the pressure. The correlation between the simulated intramedullary pressure, imposed forces to the bone and applied torque to the reamer was also assessed. No significant correlations between these variables could be established.
Policy options for addressing climate change, with a focus on ecosystem based adaptation: a case study of Guyana
Authors: Lilwah Ramesh
Published: May 2021

Close to ninety percent of Guyana‟s population live along a low lying coastal plain, which is below sea level and very vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. While the national government has not yet developed a comprehensive climate policy, the potential impacts of climate change is considered in several sectoral policies, much of which emphasize mitigation, with little focus on adaptation. This research examined the current priorities for adaptation by a review of the policies within the natural resource sector to identify opportunities for adaptation, especially ecosystem based adaptation. A Diagnostic Adaptation Framework (DAF) was used to help identify approaches to address a given adaptation challenge with regards to needs, measures and options. A survey questionnaire was used to support the policy reviews and identified four key vulnerabilities: coastal floods; sea level rise; drought and extreme weather events. The application of the DAF in selecting an adaptation method suggests the need for more data on drought and extreme weather events. Coastal flooding is addressed, with recognized need for more data and public
awareness for ecosystem based adaptation
A life cycle assessment model of Canadian residential dwellings and building stocks
Authors: Bowick Matthew Francis
Published: May 2021

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an internationally recognized and scientifically based methodology to quantify the environmental impact of a product or service, typically from cradle-to-grave. The life cycle performance of housing is influenced by the interdependent nature of material and energy use, and dwelling location and service life. While much research has been conducted building LCA, its incorporation into regulation has been difficult to implement.

This research outlines the methodology used to create an LCA database of new Canadian construction for the purpose of building stock modeling and benchmarking national construction practice, two key tools for higher level decision making. A software program has been developed to handle data storage and calculations. Results presented include general performance trends at various sector scales, and analysis comparing LCA to traditional environmental performance measurement, and sensitivity analysis of building material and operating energy fuel choice and energy efficiency measures.
Merging the local and the global: a thematic analysis of rights-based picture books to facilitate a critical understanding of diverse childhood contexts in Ontario elementary school settings
Authors: Kassam Nabeela Karim
Published: May 2021

This study examines the importance of explicitly introducing children's rights in elementary educational classrooms in Ontario through the medium of rights-based picture books. Children's rights as framed within the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) has been largely criticized for promoting a Western model of childhood, characteristic of innocence, play, and adult protection. Specifically, the UNCRC is often problematized for not capturing the diversity of childhoods that exist around the globe, as the articles in the Convention may not holistically examine the historical, cultural, and economic variables that children encompass. It is argued in this major research paper (MRP) that despite the limitations of the UNCRC, there is still a need to move beyond the universalism-cultural relativism dichotomy that currently frames this debate surrounding children's rights. Through a thematic analysis of selected rights-based picture books presented in the Elementary Teachers' Federation of Ontario‟s (ETFO) (2011) Social Justice Begins with Me resource kit, this MRP will explore how picture books related to the UNCRC can be a tool in classrooms to destabilize assumptions present between and within Majority and Minority World contexts and encourage pluralistic worldviews where diverse childhoods are actively accepted rather than stereotypically rejected.
Microblog summarization based on sentiment and aspect analysis
Authors: Ali Syed Muhammad
Published: May 2021

On Twitter, the short nature of the post forces users to remain concise while conveying the main ideas to other users. Hence, the challenge is on how to use the unstructured texts to extract information that can be valuable for organizations. We investigate the best methodology to perform microblog summarization of topics discussed on Twitter. First, we classify the microblogs related to the topic into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments, and then we extract sub-topics (i.e., topic aspects), and pick the top N ranked aspects by sentiment temperature for final summarization. We utilize known algorithms for annotation, sentiment analysis, and clustering to determine which combination yields the best results. This paper attempts to address how sentiment analysis in conjunction with aspect extraction of topics can yield more effective summarization. Evaluation results show that sentiment analysis and aspect extraction improve the overall summarization of topics compared to baseline technique.
The last ship : repatriation from British Guiana to India
Authors: Mohabir Nalini
Published: May 2021

In 1955 the ship, the M.V. Resurgent, took the last group of ex-indentured Indo-Caribbean labourers back to India. This was a closing chapter on Indo-Caribbean Indentureship, whereby thousands of Indians came to Caribbean shores between 1838 and 1917. Indian indentured labourers had arrived to work British Caribbean plantations, with a "right to return" to India built into their indenture contracts. The clause did not specify a time limit on claims. Four decades after the abolition of Indentureship, a number of ex-indentured labourers from British Guianese plantations and their families opted to take the last ship back to a recently liberated India. This recovered history through the lived experiences of the last Repatriation Officer, Chhablal Ramcharan is located within the emancipatory energy of postcolonial scholarship, and uses narrative, memory and archives to contribute to an understanding of Indo-Caribbean migration, settlement, and diasporic identities
Black West Indian Mothering : A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Grant Shauna
Published: May 2021

Raising a family in a society where the culture, values, and beliefs differ from one's 'home country', is a challenge for most immigrants. This is especially true for Black West Indian mothers as they try to raise their children in a society where race, class, and gender are forces of oppression and marginalization. This qualitative study examined the experiences of a small group of single Black West Indian mothers raising their children in a large urban Canadian city. Black Feminist thought was used as the theoretical framework to analyze critically the social barriers and supports impacting this group. The results revealed that while these women experienced negative attitudes when working with government workers, and differences in childrearing practices between West Indian and Canadian cultures; attending community parenting programs were a source of social support and relevant parenting information. Implications for health promotion initiatives and recommendations for future research are discussed.
On The Corporeality Of Atmosphere
Authors: Walker Jessica Dawn
Published: May 2021

Space is a constant inhabited medium which is inseparable from its role as a lived human environment. Both defined and undefined by concrete matter, it possesses an innate ability to envelop the body in deep spatial experiences. These experiences can be intense, even poetic. This naturally felt presence is a profound relationship between body and surrounding; the vehicle for this experience is atmosphere. Atmosphere is the mode of providing experiential space within architecture, feeding one’s presence in their world; without consideration for atmospheric conditions renounces built form void of these experiences. By conceiving architecture through the embodied experience of atmospheres, space can intrinsically permit the body to experience its surrounding. This work is a continuous exploration of designing architecture through its atmosphere; as such, a focus will be redirected back to a bodily experience by activating the innate relationship between atmosphere and the body.
Cataloguing a man’s love of mid to late 20th century posters: the Guy McKone collection at the TIFF Film Reference Library
Authors: Blais Sasha Danielle
Published: May 2021

Despite the renewed interest in ephemera, there is limited research available on film ephemera. A survey of current literature shows there is a clear lack of work being done to study and preserve this material in public institutions. This thesis looked at the management and care of ephemera collections, specifically poster collections. The Toronto International Film Festival’s Film Reference Library (FRL) has developed a large reference collection as well as numerous special collections from various directors, artists, and donors. The Guy McKone Collection has over 900 posters in various formats. The goal of this project included: organizing, cataloguing, describing, and partial digitization of the material. By creating a comprehensive catalogue, I have identified and discussed issues that arise while processing a poster collection. Policies, procedures, storage space, and management systems affect how these collections are ultimately handled. My goal is to start a conversation on the importance of film ephemera and to show how vital ephemera is for collections and historical narratives. I also identify issues that arise when managing collections of this type, and provide initial suggestions for the management and preservation of poster collections.
Sensors in Buildings: Adding Another Layer of Expression in Architecture
Authors: Fereidooni Navid
Published: May 2021

Biological organisms, from microbes, to plants, to humans, survive in part because these bodies respond and react to changes within and outside their bodies. In order to function, these living things use sensors to read the environment and sense changes, and relay information back and forth. Sensors should no longer have one simple functional role but should be a node in an entire cybernetic network. By using sensors in a building, we can make systems more efficient, without losing effectiveness of their functions, allowing energy to be saved within an action and reaction feedback network, but more interestingly sensors can be used so that buildings can emerge with greater opportunity for expression and therefore user experiences.
Using adaptive designs to promote social interaction in an inclusive early learning environment: one child's story
Authors: Gaston Alison
Published: May 2021

This qualitative research study employs narrative inquiry methods to both tell and explore the story of Zivvie (a pseudonym), a preschool child with severe disabilities, and her journey in becoming a full member of her learning community in an inclusive setting. The inquiry examines the changes in her social interactions with her peers resulting from the introduction of custom adaptive design objects, and how the use of adaptive designs provided Zivvie with a level of autonomy that enabled her to make choices about how she wanted to participate in her learning community. The inquiry also explores how the teacher’s role as observer and creator of accommodations for Zivvie within the learning environment facilitated the child’s development. Recommendations for future practice and research are identified.
Recent Advances Towards the Development of Enantio- and Diastereoselective Palladium Catalyzed Nitrogen Arylation Reactions
Authors: Matarazzo Augusto
Published: May 2021

Recent Advances Towards the Development of Enantio- and Diastereoselective Palladium Catalyzed Nitrogen Arylation Reactions
Children's mental health and the transition to school : systemic issues in Ontario
Authors: McKhool Ingrid
Published: May 2021

Early intervention in mental health is critical to school readiness and social functioning, and mental wellness is linked to student achievement and success through the life span. Children aged four to six entering school with unaddressed mental health issues may struggle academically and socially, charting a course for low academic achievement that compromises their life chances. Many children are not captured through the Ministry of Education's labeling of exceptionalities or approach to inclusion. In addition, the current model lacks a systematic approach to monitoring the effectiveness of services. This study compiled descriptive statistics through a secondary analysis of previously collected community-based mental health services data in Ontario to better understand the needs of children four to six and the services provided to them before they enter school. Results were discussed in the context of a critical review of the literature related to mental health, early years and inclusion in school and community contexts. Recommendations include improved system measurement, development of a more age-focused community-based early intervention system and a reconceptualized practice of social inclusion to support children's transition to school.
A comparison of some heuristics to improve shift generation in the labour scheduling problem
Authors: Namiranian Banafsheh
Published: May 2021

The use of part-time personnel with different skills and time-availability has risen dramatically over the last few decades. This fact, especially in service-oriented organizations with great demand fluctuations, makes the labour scheduling problem complicated. The Integer Programming (IP) technique is a common tool for assigning employees to right shifts but, due to its large size in this particular type of problem, the IP model cannot be solved optimally within a reasonable time. In order to reduce the problem size and, subsequently, the computational time, one approach is to reduce the number of decision variables which are defined as shifts in the labour scheduling problem. This thesis presents eight different heuristics to generate a smaller set of shifts instead of exhaustively generating all possible shifts. With the aid of statistical analysis, the proposed algorithims are compared, and the best heuristic in terms of efficiency and effectiveness is introduced.
An investigation of the relationship between sleep and fatigue in those with and without insomnia
Authors: Harris Andrea L.
Published: May 2021

There is currently mixed evidence for the relationship between poor sleep and daytime fatigue. It is well documented that retrospective measures of insomnia and fatigue are highly correlated with one another. However, other studies fail to demonstrate a link between objectively less sleep and fatigue; that is, individuals with shorter sleep times do not necessarily report increased fatigue. As such, the relationship between these two constructs remains unclear. The current investigation will help to elucidate the complex relationship between sleep and fatigue among those with and without insomnia by advancing the existing literature in two important ways. First, this study proposed to examine the temporal relationship between sleep and fatigue across two weeks, thereby investigating whether sleep and fatigue occur in accordance with one anotherover time. Second, this study utilized a multi-method approach by collecting subjective (i.e.,sleep diary) and objective (i.e., actigraphy) measures of sleep, as well as retrospective (i.e.,visual analogue scales: VAS) and prospective (i.e., momentary ratings) measures of fatigue. Two separate hierarchical linear models were used to test whether sleep (measured by sleep quality and total sleep time) predicted daytime fatigue on the VAS and actigraph, respectively. The secondary objective asked whether cognitive-behavioural variables (i.e., maladaptive sleep beliefs, fear and avoidance of fatigue, and fatigue-based rumination) may help account for the relationship between sleep and fatigue using mediation. The results of the primary analyses suggested that sleep quality significantly predicted VAS fatigue ratings, whereas total sleep time was a significant predictor of fatigue within- but not between-persons.

No significant relationships were found between objective measures of sleep and momentary fatigue ratings. Finally, each of the cognitive-behavioural variables, with the exception of avoidance of fatigue, were significant mediators of the relationship between sleep and fatigue. The results demonstrated that compared to sleep quantity, our perception of sleep may play a more important role in predicting reports of daytime fatigue. These findings could help decrease the burden that individuals with insomnia place on their total sleep times, and instead, treatment could focus on challenging maladaptive sleep-related cognitions, which ultimately could lessen the overall sleep-related anxiety.
Group 11 Pincer Oxazoline Complexes
Authors: Seighalani Mahroo T.
Published: May 2021

The synthesis and characterization of new copper pincer complexes via cyclometallation of potentially anionic pincer ligands with C1 point group symmetry is reported. All of these complexes have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction method, which confirms the proposed tridentate binding mode of pincer ligand and the formation of an amido N-Cu bond. The reactivity of two of the complexes was investigated towards C-C bond formation reaction, notably the Henry reaction. One of the complexes, which was derived from the achiral pincer ligand, is shown to be a suitable catalyst for the Henry reaction under the standard conditions. The Henry or nitroaldol reaction is one of the organic reactions which affords a C-C bond. The product of this reaction is a β-nitro alcohol which is formed by addition of a nitroalkane to a carbonyl compound.
Ornament: a language of architecture
Authors: Quenneville Adryanne
Published: May 2021

Ornament in architecture has only recently been questioned. Historically, the topic never wavered in uncertainty. From antiquity to the 20th century, ornament was explicitly considered - either in abundance or elimination. The subject has become difficult to grapple with due to its suppression in Modern, minimalist architecture. Ornament has persistently been cast aside since architects have been out of touch with its potential. This thesis documents how ornament once held a level of prominence within architecture and acknowledges its relevance in contemporary practice by offering methods for its implementation. Both historical classifications and contemporary examples of the term ‘ornament’ are examined to identify its definition today. Design research explores the ways in which ornament can be incorporated into future architecture: as a design approach rather than applied as decoration. This thesis reinstates the use of ornament in architecture by making a case for its aesthetic enrichment of the built environment.