bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma Aplicação de Opções Reais na Avaliação de Licença de Prestação de Serviços de Telefonia Móvel 3G no Brasil
Authors: Stille Rafael , Lemme Celso Funcia , Brandão Luiz Eduardo Teixeira
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho avaliou as contribuições do método de opções reais ao processo decisório em projetos de telecomunicações, estudando um caso real de aquisição, em licitação pública, de

uma licença de prestação de serviços de telefonia móvel 3G no Brasil. Foi encontrada uma diferença de 64% em relação ao valor obtido pelo método do Fluxo de Caixa Descontado, o

que poderia justificar os altos ágios pagos pelas empresas vencedoras da licitação, incompatíveis com o valor obtido pelos métodos tradicionais de análise. Isso indica que a

metodologia aplicada, facilmente replicável e bastante intuitiva, pode ser uma ferramenta útil para apoiar o processo decisório destas empresas.
Avaliação do Desempenho dos Fundos Long-Short no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Fábio Augusto Reis , Cresto Vicente
Published: October 2019

Fundos Long-Short deveriam ter a capacidade de prover retornos positivos, superiores ao custo de oportunidade e independentes das condições de mercado, uma vez que podem possuir posições tanto compradas, quanto vendidas. Por esta razão, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os fundos Long-Short no Brasil, avaliando se clientes desses produtos estão simplesmente comprando retornos de mercado (Beta), ou se existe realmente geração de excesso de retorno (Alpha) independente dos retornos do mercado acionário. Analisando uma amostra de 76 fundos no período de 2 de janeiro de 2001 até 31 de março de 2008, com dados diários e mensais, encontram-se evidências de que poucos fundos conseguem gerar excesso de retorno. Há também uma evidência de que o excesso de retorno não é persistente. Finalmente, há pouca ou nenhuma evidência a favor de market timing.
Modelagem de Equações Estruturais Aplicada à Reação a Bonificações e Desdobramentos: integrando as hipóteses de sinalização, liquidez e nível ótimo de preços.
Authors: Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Becker João Luiz
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho desenvolve um modelo híbrido de equações estruturais capaz de considerar simultaneamente as hipóteses de sinalização, liquidez e nível ótimo de preços na explicação da reação a bonificações e desdobramentos. No modelo de mensuração, foram definidos quatro construtos: NEGOCIAÇÃO, SPREAD, TAMANHO e PREÇO. O modelo estrutural define as relações a partir da proposição de 22 sub-hipóteses. Uma amostra de 321 eventos realizados no Brasil entre 1990 e 2004 foi utilizada para avaliar o modelo. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória demonstrou a validade e coerência dos quatro construtos. O modelo estrutural confirmou 9 das sub-hipóteses levantadas originalmente.
Seleção de Ativos no Curto Prazo por Modelo Logístico
Authors: Gonçalves Junior Walter , Garcia Fábio Gallo , Eid Junior William , Chalela Luciana Ribeiro
Published: October 2019

Investidores buscam continuamente preditores significativos e modelos acurados para projetar resultados futuros; a despeito de sua eventual eficácia ser costumeiramente neutralizada pela eficiência de mercado, esses preditores são amplamente empregados à busca de melhores (e únicas) percepções. Esse artigo visa investigar em que medida alguns dos mais notórios indicadores possuem poder discriminante para selecionar ativos e se por eles é viável a construção de modelos que identifiquem previamente os de bom desempenho. Para tanto, foram conduzidas regressões logísticas com ativos negociados na Bovespa tendo os indicadores selecionados como variáveis explicativas. Visando a superação do Ibovespa, Liquidez, Índice de Sharpe, ROE, M-B, Tamanho e Idade das empresas mostraram-se preditores significativos; além de checar a possibilidade de ajustamento de modelos logísticos semestrais com poder discriminatório aceitável para seleção de ativos.
Evidências de bolhas especulativas na BOVESPA: uma aplicação do filtro de Kalman
Authors: De Queiroz Thiago Bergmann , De Medeiros Otávio Ribeiro , Oliveira Neto José Carneiro da Cunha
Published: October 2019

A existência de bolhas nos preços dos ativos é um assunto de grande importância para governos e investidores no mercado de capitais devido aos sérios problemas que podem acarretar às economias nacionais. No caso das ações, a presença de bolha de preços pode ser constatada pela comparação dos preços e dos respectivos dividendos no longo prazo. Este trabalho buscou verificar a ocorrência de bolhas de preços no mercado acionário brasileiro, através da comparação do IBOVESPA, como índice de preço, e um índice de dividendos distribuídos, construído a partir da metodologia do IBOVESPA. A bolha foi considerada um vetor estado não observável em um modelo estado-espaço e foi estimada com o filtro de Kalman. Os resultados foram comparados com o modelo de valor presente e o modelo de intrinsic bubbles. Apesar de o modelo constatar a presença de bolhas, o modelo de intrinsic bubbles apresentou resultado semelhante e maior precisão.
Assimetria e Prêmio de Risco na Estrutura a Termo de Juros Brasileira
Authors: Ganem Marcelo , Baidya Tara Keshar Nanda
Published: October 2019

A formação do prêmio de risco na curva de juros brasileira carrega a herança de uma série de particularidades que moldaram a evolução histórica e amadurecimento do mercado de renda fixa local. Uma das características mais significativas da dinâmica de juros no mercado doméstico é a assimetria de retornos, especialmente em eventos de cauda. Métricas de risco baseadas em média e variância desconsideram momentos de ordem superior que eventualmente têm participação no apreçamento da ETTJ ao longo de seus vários segmentos. Este artigo explora a influência da assimetria na formação do prêmio de risco no Brasil, combinando informações de uma pesquisa de mercado sobre expectativas para a trajetória da taxa básica de juros, estimativas de assimetria de retornos em vértices selecionados da curva e análise das condições de não arbitragem que provêem a forma funcional para a regressão do prêmio contra duas variáveis endógenas (desvio absoluto e assimetria de caudas). O trabalho é encerrado com uma discussão sobre a percepção de riscos no mercado de renda fixa brasileiro, e sua relação com a condução da política monetária nos anos de 2003 a 2009.
Determinantes do Sucesso dos Investimentos de Private Equity e Venture Capital no Brasil
Authors: Siqueira Eduardo Madureira Rodrigues , De Carvalho Antonio Gledson , Gallucci Netto Humberto
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho investiga os determinantes do desempenho dos veículos de investimento de private equity e venture capital (PEVC) no Brasil. Utilizamos duas bases de dados únicas: o Primeiro Censo Brasileiro de Private Equity e Venture Capital e no Guia GVcepe-Endeavor, com informações sobre esta indústria no período de 1999 a 2007. Como medidas de desempenho dos veículos de investimento usamos a porcentagem e o número de desinvestimentos realizados via abertura de capital, aquisição por uma empresa ou venda para outro investidor. Nossos resultados indicam que fatores que influenciam o desempenho dos veículos de investimento são: volume de capital comprometido, número de investimentos realizados, existência de co-investimentos, origem estrangeira e experiência da organização gestora, foco em empresas de private equity, intensidade de contato entre gestores e empresas do portfólio e o número de assentos em conselhos de administração das empresas investidas por gestor de fundo. O número de sucessos cresce com o número de investimentos a uma taxa declinante, sugerindo um limite à capacidade dos gestores ou que um grande número de investimentos permite maior diversificação de risco, direcionando os investimentos para empresas arriscados, mas com alto upside.
Examining the longitudinal nature of depressive symptoms in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Authors: Kwong Alex S. F.
Published: October 2019

Depression during adolescence is associated with a number of negative outcomes in later life. Research has examined the longitudinal nature of adolescent depression in order to identify patterns of depressive mood, the early antecedents and later consequences. However, rich longitudinal data is needed to better address these questions. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is an intergenerational birth cohort with nine repeated assessments of depressive symptoms throughout late childhood, adolescence and young adulthood. Depressive symptoms are measured using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). Many studies have used ALSPAC to examine the longitudinal nature of depressive symptoms in combination with the wealth of early life exposure and later outcome data. This data note provides a summary of the SMFQ data, where the data are stored in ALSPAC, the characteristics and distribution of the SMFQ, and highlights some considerations for researchers wanting to use the SMFQ data in ALSPAC.
Monitoring Tegangan Baterai Lithium Polymer pada Robot Sepak Bola Beroda secara Nirkabel
Authors: Listianto Rio Dwi , Sunardi Sunardi , Puriyanto Riky Dwi
Published: October 2019

Baterai Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) dipilih sebagai sumber daya robot dikarenakan baterai Li-Po karena memiliki bobot yang ringan dan kapasitas penyimpanan listrik yang besar. Namun untuk mengetahui daya baterai yang digunakan, para pemilik robot harus menghentikan robot kemudian dilakukan pengukuran baterai mengunakan alat ukur. Penelitian ini bertujuan memantau nilai tegangan pada baterai Li-Po yang melalui motor penggerak pada robot sepakbola beroda tanpa menggunakan alat ukur dan hasilnya dapat ditampilkan pada komputer maupun PC secara nirkabel. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan peralatan sensor tegangan dan modul wifi nodeMCU. Hasil dari penelitian ini sensor tegangan dapat membaca data dan didapat nilai standar deviasi 0,39 dan error rata-rata 0,43 yang menunjukkan bahwa sensor memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi. Sementara untuk proses pemantauan sensor berjalan dengan lancar tanpa ada kendala.
Pengendali Lampu LED Matrix Headlamp pada Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Waluyo Jatmiko Tri , Widodo Nuryono Satya
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini mengusulkan tentang desain Headlamp lampu kendaraan yang dapat meredup berdasarkan pada data lampu kendaraan lawan. Pengolah data menggunakan Arduino uno dan menggunakan sensor BH1750 untuk membaca intensitas cahaya. Lampu Headlamp terdiri dari 3 baris LED yang terdiri dari 4 buah LED setiap baris. Lalu juga terdapat 1 buah lampu LED utama di kanan dan kiri. Berdasarkan pengujian dapat diketahui bahwa lampu LED dapat bekerja dengan baik yaitu dapat meredup dari mulai LED pada baris pertama dan kedua sesuai dengan intensitas cahaya. Perbandingan pengukuran menggunakan perangkat lightmeter menunjukkan bahwa perangkat memiliki nilai error -53,925 dan standar deviasi 51,6110126 yang menunjukkan bahwa desain perangkat masih belum mendapatkan hasil yang baik.
Sociological and psychological effects of stillbirth: theory, research, and midwifery
Authors: Salenius Poppy
Published: October 2019

Stillbirth rates in the UK remain among the highest in Europe despite national efforts to reduce the number of avoidable deaths. The grief experienced by parents following stillbirth is both devastating and complex, and receiving compassionate and effective midwifery care at this vulnerable time is essential. This article uses psychological and sociological theories and perspectives to examine grief following stillbirth, and look at how these findings relate to midwifery practice.
Fairy tale midwifery 10 years on: re-evaluating the lived experiences of newly qualified midwives
Authors: Ashforth Kate , Kitson-Reynolds Ellen
Published: October 2019

Newly qualified midwives (NQM) experience a reality shock upon initiation of first post. Despite efforts to smooth the transition to NQM status, there remains an incongruence between the expectations (‘fairy tale’) and the realities of practice. Transition and preceptorship programmes aim to increase competence and confidence, and improve the lived experiences of NQMs. Preceptorship, however, is unstandardised and supernumerary shifts and rotations to clinical areas may be affected by service demands. Sources of support in practice include peers, preceptors and midwives on shift. No new themes emerged when comparing contemporary and original research, suggesting data saturation has been reached, although it may still be pertinent to consider the experiences of NQMs in order to reduce attrition rates and increase job satisfaction.
Does ‘the bioscience problem’ need to be investigated within midwifery?
Authors: Borges Sophie Diana
Published: October 2019

Excellent bioscience education is required in midwifery to understand normal physiology of childbirth and neonatal adaptations to life, complications that may arise, pre-existing medical conditions and relevant pharmacology. The childbearing population is becoming more medically complex and the new draft ‘Standards of Proficiency for Midwives’ requires midwives to possess a high level of bioscience knowledge. Within nursing ‘the bioscience problem’ has been studied, and suggests insufficient bioscience knowledge within the workforce, leading to poorer staff confidence and patient outcomes. Does ‘the bioscience problem’ need to be investigated within midwifery?
Family experiences of oncological palliative and supportive care in children: can we do better?
Authors: Plessis Jan , Stones David , Meiring Michelle
Published: October 2019

Aims:

Families were interviewed as a quality improvement assessment for palliative and supportive care services for children.

Methods:

This exploratory qualitative study of family members of children with cancer was conducted at an academic hospital in central South Africa and a grounded theory approach was used. Face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide were conducted with 16 family members of 16 children.

Findings:

Parents felt supported by the healthcare professionals who were caring for their child, but several shortcomings were identified. These included erratic psychosocial support, minimal financial support and poor parental access to basic needs and food provision, preventable errors in procedures and a lack of support available for siblings. It is also worth noting that healthcare professionals did not always seem sufficiently equipped to attend to palliative care patients.

Conclusion:

Strategies to improve supportive and palliative care are needed for children with cancer and their families in a hospital setting. The interviews identified a number of themes and current shortcomings that should be considered to improve services.
Do we still need Fair Trade?
Authors: Mookerjee Mira
Published: October 2019

This is an opinion piece that looks at how the Fair Trade movement has evolved over time and questions why the movement has lost momentum. This article investigates whether the world still needs Fair Trade and, if so, what the future of the Fair Trade movement should look like. This piece is based on first-hand interviews with Jonathan Rosenthal, the Executive Director of the New Economy Coalition; Carol Wills, the former Executive Director of the International Fair Trade Association (now the World Fair Trade Organization) and Head of Oxfam's ‘Bridge’ Fair Trade Programme; Sophi Tranchell, CEO of the acclaimed farmer-owned company Divine Chocolate; Roopa Mehta, CEO of the Sasha Association for Craft Producers; Rudi Dalvai, President of the World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO); Carl Grasveld, Logistics Assistant at the United Nations; Martin Newman, values and mission coach for global business leaders; and Bob Thomson, Founder and former Managing Director (1994–2000) of Fairtrade Canada.
The Fair Trade consumer as a citizen-consumer: civic virtue or
alternative hedonism?
Authors: Hatayama Yosuke
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to explore Fair Trade consumer orientations by focusing on the
‘citizen-consumer’ dimension. Those who buy Fair Trade products are often
regarded as consumers who are motivated by social responsibility and an
altruistic spirit. However, some studies show that such consumers are not
necessarily altruistic or political, but rather hedonistic and individualistic.
In order to examine what kinds of people purchase Fair Trade products, we
analyse the Fair Trade consumer's attitude using social survey data from Japan.
The result of this analysis demonstrates that the variables concerning
‘alternative hedonism’ (creativity, quality of products, post-materialism) have
positive effects on response in purchasing Fair Trade products. On the other
hand, the variables concerning ‘civic virtue’ (dedication to the public
interest, altruism, social support) have no significant effect on it. This
result shows that Fair Trade consumers do not always internalise the movement's
principles, but pursue their individual lifestyle in different ways. In other
words, consumers' ‘little narratives’ are not an obstacle to the realisation of
‘grand narratives’, but rather a condition of the latter.
Acupoint-catgut embedment combined with medication does not decrease interleukin-6 levels serum in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Fitri Andalia , Abdullah Murdani , Rengganis Iris , Mihardja Hasan , Baginda Intan Suri , Masthura Ainil
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a pathological condition caused by the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus. GERD is a multifactorial disorder with an increase in prevalence worldwide. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is commonly found in the esophageal mucosa of GERD patients and associated with esophageal motor disorders. Acupoint-catgut embedment has long been known as adjunctive therapy for GERD. This study was aimed to establish the effect of acupoint-catgut embedment combined with medication on the IL-6 serum levels of patients with GERD. 

METHODS This single-blind randomized controlled trial involved 40 GERD patients from the Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital that were randomly allocated to either catgut-embedding therapy plus medication or sham acupuncture with medication. Catgut-embedding therapy was given two times at CV12 (Zhongwan), ST36 (Zusanli), and BL21 (Weishu) every 15 days. Serum levels of IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as research output. 

RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline levels of proinflammatory (IL-6) mediators between the groups. After 1-month treatment, the median levels of IL-6 were statistically insignificant decreased in catgut-embedding therapy plus medication versus sham acupuncture with medication (0.15 versus -0.16 pg/ml, respectively; p = 0.14). 

CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that catgut-embedding therapy has not been proven to statistically influence the levels of IL-6 in patients with GERD.
Taking stance against the challenges of communicable diseases and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Freisleben Hans-Joachim
Published: October 2019

[None]
The political economy of state building
Authors: Murtazashvili Ilia , Murtazashvili Jennifer
Published: October 2019

Externally assisted state-building efforts cost trillions but typically fail to produce states capable of providing public goods and services on their own. Drawing on the public choice literature and evidence from historical state-building processes, we argue that political self-sufficiency depends on political institutions that allow for self-governance, reasonably high levels of fiscal and administrative capacity, economic institutions that encourage wealth creation, and social institutions that reinforce political and economic freedom. Importantly, we do not expect that democracy is a critical determinant of political self-sufficiency. Our theory explains why state building in Afghanistan in the two decades since 2001 did not produce a more functional state. Despite massive international investment in blood and treasure, the state-building effort prioritised national elections over institutional reforms that encourage local self-governance, failed to establish meaningful constraints on national political decision-makers (especially the president) and disregarded customary private property rights and customary processes to adjudicate land disputes.
Microfinance as poverty-shame debt
Authors: Engel Susan , Pedersen David
Published: October 2019

In an excellent anthropological study of microfinance in Bangladesh, Karim (2008: xviii) argues that it operates as ‘an economy of shame’. That is to say, microfinance is not the benign tool for financial inclusion and empowerment that mainstream development organisations proclaim. Rather, it unintentionally (perhaps) but nevertheless actively deploys shaming techniques in order to maximise loan repayment rates. Karim, however, does not employ an explicit analysis of shame; instead she emphasises its disciplining power for rural women in Bangladesh. Our article builds on this insight but applies a specific psychosocial approach to shame that critically examines a number of the emotion’s harmful practices and outcomes, especially when deployed within microfinance practice. It highlights that microfinance personalises and socialises people’s debt relations, making them a matter for group concern, but that at the same time money-debt’s impersonalising nature results in coercive and disciplinary actions that would otherwise be seen as intolerable. We demonstrate how the active shaming of microfinance participants all too often degenerates into human rights abuses, including violence. The shame of debt and the active shaming that facilitates microfinance’s high repayment rates harms the psychosocial wellbeing of those being shamed as well as their families, and can be linked to a range of concerning outcomes including self-harm and suicide. To conclude, we explore whether the coercion by shame and shaming of microfinance may be linked to its growing use in other areas of development programming.
Beclin 1 Interacts With Active Caspase-3 and Bax in Oocytes From Atretic Follicles in the Rat Ovary
Authors: Escobar María L. , Echeverria Olga M. , Palacios-Martínez Sebastián , Juárez-Chavero Silvia , Sánchez-Sánchez Luis , Vázquez-Nin Gerardo H.
Published: October 2019

Oocyte cell death is a normal process in the mammalian ovary during follicular growth. Recent reports have demonstrated the presence of pro-apoptotic and pro-autophagic proteins during oocyte elimination. The goal of this study was to identify the interactions between proteins involved in different types of programmed cell death in the same oocyte during follicular atresia. We evaluated the presence of Beclin 1 and its interaction with the pro-apoptotic proteins active caspase-3, Bax, and Bak by means of histochemical observations, ultrastructural immunodetection, and immunoprecipitation techniques in ovaries from prepubertal (28- and 33-day-old), juvenile (40-day-old), and young adult (90-day-old) rats. In this study, we identified that oocyte elimination occurred with a high quantity of pro-autophagic protein Beclin 1 and increased the presence of the pro-apoptotic proteins active caspase-3, Bax, and Bak. Conversely, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was reduced in oocytes from atretic follicles. In addition, Beclin 1 was shown to interact with active caspase-3 and Bax. Our results suggest that the increase in Beclin 1 is directly related to the rise of pro-apoptotic proteins, which could promote the apoptotic process during oocyte elimination.
Detection of virulence and multidrug resistance operons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Egyptian Baladi sheep and goat
Authors: Dapgh A. N. , Hakim A. S. , Abouelhag H. A. , Abdou A. M. , Elgabry E. A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pit of an enormous group of free-living bacteria that are able to live everywhere and suggested to be the causative agent of great scope of acute and chronic animal infections.

Aim: The current study was carried out to illustrate the prevalence of P. aeruginosa in small ruminants and existence of some virulence operons as well as its antimicrobial resistance.

Materials and Methods: A total of 155 samples from sheep and 105 samples from goats (mouth abscesses, fecal swabs, nasal, tracheal swabs, and lung tissue) were collected for bacteriological study, existence of some virulence expression operons with the study of their sensitivity to the antimicrobials using disc diffusion and presence of mexR operon which is responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR).

Results: The bacteriological examination revealed that P. aeruginosa was isolated from nine out of 155 samples from sheep (5.8%) and four isolates out of 105 samples from goat (3.8%). It is found that 12 (92.3%), 10 (76.9 %), and 8 (61.5%) of P. aeruginosa isolates harbored hemolysin phospholipase gene (pclH), gene (exoS), and enterotoxin gene (toxA), respectively. The results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all tested isolates were resistant to ampicillin, bacitracin, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tobramycin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The MDR (mexR) operon was existed in all isolates.

Conclusion: There is a growing risk for isolation of virulent MDR P. aeruginosa from sheep and goat illness cases, and this should be regarded in the efficient control programs.
Fibrosis Mediators in the Colonic Mucosa of Acute and Healed Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gundersen Mona Dixon , Goll Rasmus , Fenton Christopher Graham , Anderssen Endre , Sørbye Sveinung Wergeland , Florholmen Jon Ragnar , Paulssen Ruth Hracky
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:

A healed intestinal mucosa is the aim of therapy in acute ulcerative colitis (UC). Disruption of mucosal wound healing may lead to severe complications including intestinal fibrosis. This study examined mucosal gene expression in the healing process of acute UC with a special focus on known mediators of fibrosis.

METHODS:

Endoscopic biopsies from patients with acute, moderate to severe UC were analyzed with a quantitative polymerase chain reaction array for 84 genes involved in fibrosis pathways. All patients were treated with infliximab (anti– tumor necrosis factor). Biopsies were taken before therapy and when disease remission was reached, defined as a Mayo score of ≤2, with an endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1. A healthy control group was included. Immunostaining of matrix metallopeptidase 9 and smooth muscle actin was performed.

RESULTS:

Mucosal biopsies from acute UC (n = 28), remission UC (n = 28), and healthy controls (n = 13) were analyzed. Fibrosis and extracellular matrix-associated genes were upregulated in the endoscopically healed UC mucosa vs controls, with collagen type III alpha 1 chain, actin alpha 2, lysyl oxidase, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3, and caveolin 1 uniquely showing no overlap with acute disease. Pro- and antifibrotic mediators (interleukin [IL]13 receptor subunit alpha 2, IL1B, IL10, tumor necrosis factor, snail family transcriptional repressor 1, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) were upregulated in both acute and healed UC compared with controls. An attenuated pattern of the canonical transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) pathway was observed in acute UC and to a lesser extent in the healed mucosa, except for TGFB2, which was enhanced.

DISCUSSION:

The endoscopically healed mucosa of UC showed a persisting dysregulation of fibrosis-associated mediators compared with controls, including extracellular matrix remodeling, profibrotic cytokines, and TGFB signaling pathways.
Incidence of diabetes mellitus complications as indicated by the register
Authors: Kudryakova S. V. , Suntsov Yu. I. , Ryzhkova S. G.
Published: October 2019

The incidence of diabetes mellitus complications was assessed on the basis of diabetes mellitus register in 1478 diabetics living in the Lenin district of Moscow. The incidence of microangiopathies was reliably higher in patients with insulin-dependent condition (IDDM) than in those with the non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) one. The incidence of retinopathies and nephropathies was much higher in women with IDDM than in men. The incidence of macroangioptithies was higher in NIDDM than in those with IDDM. The incidence of coronary disease and arterial hypertension was the highest in women with NIDDM. The incidence of complications increased with a longer standing of the disease and age of the patients.
Pathophysiology of the microcirculatory bed in obesity
Authors: Zelinsky В. A. , Sokur S. A.
Published: October 2019

A total of 207 patients with alimentary constitutional and hypothalamic obesity were examined in order to assess the status of the microcirculatory bed, including the status of capillary walls, hemocirculation, transcapillary metabolism, oxygen delivery to tissues in patients with various forms of obesity. Bulbobiomicroscopy, assessment of capillary wall permeability by the hydrostatic test, polarographic study of oxygen tension in the skin using oxygen and ischemic test were employed. Obese patients were found to develop appreciable microcirculatory disorders (vascular, intravascular, extravascular); capillary walls became better penetrable for liquid and proteins and the adaptation reserve of these vessels decreased, with the substrate movement from blood to tissues predominating. A correlation has been traced between the status of the circulation and capillary walls, and extravascular shifts, on the one hand, and capillary permeability, on the other. Oxygen delivery to tissues was disordered in obese patients, this manifesting by deterioration of both oxygen delivery and consumption. The degree of impairment of various components of microcirculation and oxygen supply of tissues augmented with body mass increase.
Low expression of Met-hepatocytic growth factor receptor as an indicator of poor prognosis in thyroid tumors
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Troshina Ye. A. , Mazurina N. V. , Belfiore A.
Published: October 2019

Clinical implication of Met-hepatocytic growth factor receptor (Met/HGF-R) in thyroid adenocarcinoma tissue was studied on 163 operative thyroid samples (129papillary cancers, 21 follicular cancers, and 13 anaplastic cancers). 49 adenomas, 50 nodular goiters and 50 normal thyroids were compared. Expression of Met/HGF-R was estimated using semiquantitative immunohistochemical method including proportion (limits 0-5) and intensity (limits 0-5) of cell staining and calculation of Met/HGF-R total expression (limit 0-10). Met/HGF-R was not found in normal thyroid tissue, was absent or focally expressed in follicular and aplastic tumors, and was present in different amounts in papillary adenocarcinomas. It is suggested that low expression of Met/HGF-R is an indicator of unfavorable prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer.
Repair osteogenesis in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Varshavsky I. M. , Trenin V. I. , Shinkin V. M. , Boklin A. A.
Published: October 2019

The authors analyze the experience gained in the treatment of more than 1000 diabetics with pyonecrotic complications on the soles. Elements of diabetic osteoarthropathy, indicative of osteomineralopenia and collagenopathy, were detected in 61.1% of patients. Repair osteogenesis in diabetes mellitus is incomplete and does not lead to repair of bone mass and structure.
Levels of glucocorticoids and adrenal androgens in remote periods after adrenalectomy
Authors: Goncharov N. P. , Trofimov V. M. , Gavrilov A. G. , Vorontsov V. I. , Kolesnikova G. S.
Published: October 2019

The levels of the major exogenous glucocorticoids, hydrocortisone and corticosterone, and adrenal androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate, were measured in the blood plasma of patients with Cushing’s disease and syndrome 3 and 10 years after uni- or bilateral adrenalectomy. Secretion of both C21 and C19 steroids, although lower than in health, was observed in all the patients. Daily rhythm of steroid release into the blood was as a rule impaired in patients after bilateral adrenalectomy, whereas in those after unilateral adrenalectomy a normal daily time course of the tested steroid levels in the blood was observed. Functional dexamethasone test showed differences in the time course of steroid response in patients subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy vs. that in normal subjects, whereas the adrenal left after unilateral adrenalectomy reacted to dexamethasone similarly as in health. These data reliably evidence the presence of functioning “extra” tissue in patients with Cushing’s disease after bilateral adrenalectomy.
Prevention and treatment of diabetic microangiopathy: A lecture
Authors: Dreval A. K.
Published: October 2019

One of the main complications leading to high disability and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus is atherosclerotic vascular disease (diabetic macroangiopathy). At the same time, the frequency of atherosclerosis among patients with diabetes mellitus is significantly affected by the so-called risk factors for atherosclerosis. In particular, the incidence of atherosclerosis among the general population and among diabetics increases with increased levels of cholesterol (cholesterol) in the blood, blood pressure, smoking and obesity. However, in patients with diabetes mellitus, mortality, for example, from coronary heart disease increases by 3 times against any of the known risk factors. But even without risk factors, the frequency of atherosclerotic vascular damage in patients with diabetes is much higher than in non-diabetic patients, i.e. diabetes in itself is a risk factor for atherosclerosis.
Reactions of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus and dorsal motor nucleus of vagus of rats to changes of the gravitational environment
Authors: Fidelina О. I. , Gorbatyuk O. S. , Krasnov I. B. , Akmayev I. G.
Published: October 2019

Morphologic study of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) and of the dorsal nucleus of the vagus (DNV) in the brain of Wistar-SPF rats exposed to weightlessness during a 14-day mission on Cosmos-2044 biosatellite and to Earth gravitation during 811 h after landing showed a reliable reduction of the cross-sectional area of the nucleolus in the neurons of the median parvicellular subnucleus, an increase of this parameter in the neurons of the lateral magnocellular subnucleus, and a trend to its decrease in the neurons of the posterior parvicellular subnucleus. As for the DNV, a reliable decrease in the cross-sectional area of the nucleolus in the neurons and an increased number of neurons with high and moderate acetylcholinesterase (ACE) and butyrylcholinesterase activities of its rostral portion were revealed, as well as a reduction of the number of neurons with high and moderate ACE activity in the median portion of DNV. In the caudal portion of DNV no reliable changes in the studied parameters were detected.
Molecular pathogenetic aspects in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Troshina Ye. A. , Gerasimov G. A. , Alexandrova G. F.
Published: October 2019

Thyroid cancer accounts for 1 - 1.5% of all malignant neoplasms. In recent years, there has been a trend towards an increase in the prevalence of this disease. On the one hand, the frequency of detection of thyroid cancer is associated with the introduction of a number of modern methods of examining patients and the increased oncological alertness of doctors. On the other hand, there is evidence of an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer associated with an unfavorable environmental situation. An example of this is an increase in the frequency of thyroid damage in people exposed to radiation after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. There is evidence that in Japan, thyroid cancer is detected 10 times more often among the population that has undergone nuclear bombing than among other residents of the country. Exogenous risk factors include external x-ray irradiation, previously carried out for medical purposes for various benign and non-tumor diseases of the head and neck. It is believed that exogenous factors are able to more or less affect the thyroid gland and cause a number of molecular changes in it that lead to the development of cancer. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of the molecular aspects of thyroid cancer.
Diabetologic Training Program for endocrinologists of Moscow devoted to type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Antsiferov M. B. , Ryabchun M.
Published: October 2019

In April 1995, the Diabetes Education Program was opened for endocrinologists on type II diabetes mellitus. The emergence of this initiative is due to the need to significantly improve the quality of medical care for patients with type II diabetes mellitus at the primary care level of specialized medical care.
Complement-independent antithyroid cytotoxicity of sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases
Authors: Krainova S. I. , Kryukova I. V. , Mkrtumova N. A. , Kushlinskii N. E. , Antonova S. S. , Yushkov P. V. , Kandror V. I.
Published: October 2019

The primary cultures of thyrocytes isolated from the paranodal tissue of euthyroid nodal goiter indicated that the sera from patients with Hashimoto ’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease had complement-independent cytotoxicity. This effect was found in about 40% of the sera from patients at different stages of drug compensation of autoimmune thyroid diseases. The cytotoxic effect of the sera was not shown in the primary cultures of human skin fibroblasts. The detection rate of complement-independent cytotoxicity in the sera from patients with Hashimoto ’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease coincided with that of elevated levels of soluble FAS-receptor ligand in the respective sera. Thyrocytes isolated from patients with Graves’ disease turned out to be resistant to the action of 60% of the cytotoxic sera. This resistance may be associated with the lowered FAS-receptor expression on these cells, which has been revealed in special studies.
Specific GABA binding in the adrenals and blood corticosteroid level in stress in intact rats and rats with changed functional activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system
Authors: Mishunina T. M. , Kononenko V. Ya.
Published: October 2019

Thirty-minutes swimming of rats led to a decrease of specific GABA binding by adrenal plasmatic membranes in intact rats but not in rats with increased level of amino acid reception repeatedly injected with hydrocortisone for inhibition of basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity. In jections of baclophene and gamma-L-aminobutyril-taurine before stress did not modify the specific GABA binding, although the drugs changed the corticosteroid concentrations in the blood.
Local indicators of spatial association (LISA) of Indonesian workers
Authors: Caroline Caroline , Sugiyanto FX , Kurnia Akhmad Syakir , Irwandi Soni Agus
Published: October 2019

The migration of Indonesian workers abroad and that of foreign workers into Indonesia made problems for the economic growth of Indonesia and ASEAN. This study attempts to analyze the patterns of spatial interaction of labor that occur in Indonesia. It used the Euclidean distance, spatial weight matrix approach to calculate the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). This study took a sample of workers in ASEAN member countries with a focus on analysis on Indonesian workers during 2004-2018. Analysis was performed using spatial panel data. The results showed that there was a change in the pattern of spatial interaction of Indonesian workers, which in 2004 had a lot of spatial interactions with workers from countries with a large workforce. However, in 2018, they interacted spatially with workers from countries with few workers. Besides, the majority of Indonesian migrants work as low-ranking workers in ASEAN countries, while the majority of foreign workers from ASEAN countries work in managerial and professional levels. This implies that the Indonesian government needs to provide technical and managerial skills, soft skills, and English for migrant workers before working abroad so that they are better able to compete with foreign workers and subsequently receive better salaries.
Characterisation of Diffuse and Local Necking of Aluminium Alloy Sheets using DIC Technique
Authors: Szalai Szabolcs , Harangozó Dóra , Czinege Imre
Published: October 2019

This paper introduces a new method for the characterisation of the boundary of diffuse and local necking based on DIC measurements during tensile tests. A series of images illustrate the extension of diffuse necking and show the occurrence of local necking as well. The evaluation of strain distribution gives the exact description of processes using both time dependent and non-dependent methods.
Detection of old scattered windthrow using low cost resources. The case of Storm Xynthia in the Vosges Mountains, 28 February 2010
Authors: Haidu Ionel , Furtuna Paula Roxana , Lebaut Sébastien
Published: October 2019

Unlike the contiguous windthrows, the scattered windthrows occurring as a result of wind gusts of lower speed (100-140 km/h) than in the first case (>140 km/h) are much more difficult to detect due to their much smaller areas and due to their very large number (several hundred in the wooded Vosges Mountains). The objective of this research is to present a rapid procedure for the detection of the scattered windthrows based on low cost, Landsat type images, knowing that certain sensors cannot be accessed without significant investments. Our application is based on the study of effects caused by the Storm Xynthia in the Vosges Mountains in the North-East of France, on 28 February 2010. Thus, based on two sets of Landsat satellite images, we used the “dark object” approach and the Disturbance Index, as well as the image classification before and after the storm, resulting in a map of changes. Following the detection process, 257 scattered polygons were detected, totalling 229 ha. For validation purposes, high-resolution images and orthophotoplans taken before and after storm were used. The error matrix was calculated, achieving an overall accuracy of 86%, which confirmed the quality of our analysis and supported this procedure for detecting scattered windthrow based on low cost resources.
Multisensory perception and tactile metaphors for voice in the work of Herta Müller
Authors: Shopin Pavlo
Published: October 2019

In this article, I examine tactile metaphors for voice in the work of Herta Müller. I use conceptual metaphor theory and consider the process of multisensory perception to argue that tactile metaphors can activate multiple senses. Müller evokes tactile experience to reason about voice in her works. These seemingly modality-specific metaphors relate voice to more than one sensory impression. While multisensory perception enables the author to associate her characters’ voices creatively with different sensory phenomena, it simultaneously problematizes scholarly efforts to analyze metaphorical language and categorize figurative associations according to sensory modalities. In her literary works, tactile metaphors for voice appear well-established and even conventional, but Müller defamiliarizes them and foregrounds a metaphorical reading of tactile language. Since analytical reasoning about metaphors can be problematic because of multisensory perception, Müller’s works can be challenging to interpret as she focuses the reader’s attention on the figurative meaning of language.
Wolfgang Iser’s conception of indeterminacy: An integrational critique
Authors: Tam Theodore Tsz Hang
Published: October 2019

Adopting the perspective of a “Harrisian” integrational linguist, this article identifies two conflicting ways in which Wolfgang Iser describes “indeterminacy” and its implications on the act of reading in his “reception theory”. It will be argued that while his understanding of contextualisation and recontextualisation is markedly similar to the integrational idea of the radical indeterminacy of the sign, he is not an “integrational literary theorist” since he ultimately sees literary works as comprising determinate, intersubjective segments and indeterminate links supplied by the reader. Iser’s significance for integrationism lies mainly in the directions he provides for the development of “integrational literary criticism”, the practitioners of which would be “cultured readers” who appreciate the impossibility of “correct” analyses and recognise indeterminacy as an integral part of the reading process.
Quantum defects by design
Authors: Bassett Lee C. , Alkauskas Audrius , Exarhos Annemarie L. , Fu Kai-Mei C.
Published: October 2019

Optically active point defects in wide-bandgap crystals are leading building blocks for quantum information technologies including quantum processors, repeaters, simulators, and sensors. Although defects and impurities are ubiquitous in all materials, select defect configurations in certain materials harbor coherent electronic and nuclear quantum states that can be optically and electronically addressed in solid-state devices, in some cases even at room temperature. Historically, the study of quantum point defects has been limited to a relatively small set of host materials and defect systems. In this article, we consider the potential for identifying defects in new materials, either to advance known applications in quantum science or to enable entirely new capabilities. We propose that, in principle, it should be possible to reverse the historical approach, which is partially based on accidental discovery, in order to design quantum defects with desired properties suitable for specific applications. We discuss the biggest obstacles on the road towards this goal, in particular those related to theoretical prediction, materials growth and processing, and experimental characterization.
Spectroscopic, Electrochemical and Quantum Chemical Studies for Adsorption Action of Polyethylene Oxide on Copper Surface in NaCl Solution
Authors: El-Haddad Mahmoud N.
Published: October 2019

The adsorption action of polyethylene oxide (PEO) on copper surface in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was tested using electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), UV- visible spectrometry and the morphology of copper surface was investigated by attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Results obtained show that PEO is effective in preventing the corrosion of copper in NaCl solution. The adsorption of PEO onto copper surface was found to follow Langmuir isotherm model. ATR-FTIR, SEM and EDX spectroscopy techniques confirmed the adsorption of protective film of PEO on copper surface. Further, quantum chemical calculations were in agreement with inhibition efficiency (%I) of PEO that were obtained experimentally.
A produção escrita de artigo no contexto acadêmico: as contribuições da abordagem Sistêmico-Funcional
Authors: Dos Santos Záira Bomfante , Carvalho Flaviane Faria
Published: October 2019

Este artigo investiga em que medida a abordagem linguística sistêmico-funcional, em interface com a sociorretórica, se aplica em textos produzidos pelas áreas de Humanidades e Ciências da Natureza e Matemática.  O corpus de análise é composto por artigos acadêmicos produzidos por alunos afiliados a diferentes áreas do conhecimento matriculados em uma disciplina de pós-graduação com foco em letramento acadêmico. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstram que: a) a estratégia retórica mais expressiva nos artigos analisados é a citação de pesquisas prévias, buscando o respaldo de outros estudos relacionados com o tema investigado para desenvolverem suas próprias pesquisas; b) enquanto a área de Ciências Humanas parece valorizar a explicação dos objetivos, justificativa, relevância e escopo geral do trabalho, apontando para generalizações acerca dos resultados encontrados, as Ciências da Natureza e Matemática priorizam a avaliação das contribuições e implicações teóricas dos resultados encontrados na pesquisa para a área, bem como os impactos do estudo e aplicação dos seus resultados na realidade social.