bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
084. Brachial Cleft Cyst Tipe 1 pada Regio Colli Anterolateral Kanan: Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Wijaya IM Adi Surya
Published: November 2024

Background: Brachial Cleft Cyst (BCC) merupakan suatu kelainan kongenital yang disebabkan kegagalan celah brakhialis untuk berinvolusi (menutup) pada fase embriogenesis. Celah brachialis merupakan cikal bakal berbagai struktur di tubuh, mulai dari kepala, leher, dan rongga dada. Normalnya, celah ini berinvolusi pada minggu ke 7 kehamilan. Jika proses ini mengalami gangguan, maka celah ini akan terisi cairan dan membentuk kista di bawah permukaan kulit. Mayoritas lesi muncul pada masa kanak-kanak sebagai punctate yang tampak pada kulit meskipun bisa juga muncul dalam bentuk lain seperti fistula, sinus, kista atau massa di leher, sehingga terkadang disalahartikan sebagai abses leher. Case: Seorang laki-laki berusia 69 tahun datang ke departemen Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah dengan keluhan benjolan pada leher kanan yang muncul sejak 2 tahun yang lalu, keluhan dirasa membesar dengan cepat sejak 3 bulan terakhir. Keluhan demam, sesak, maupun nyeri menelan tidak dirasakan. Pasien memiliki riwayat penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus juga riwayat gigi berlubang. Tanda vital dan status generalis dalam batas normal. Pada pemeriksaan fisik tampak massa dengan ukuran 10 cm x 15 cm dengan konsistensi lunak, tidak terfiksir, warna kulit dengan sekitar sama serta didapatkan nyeri hilang timbul. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan leukosit 9.500/L; Hb 12,10 g.dL; platelet 161.000/L; kreatinin 1,04 mg/dL; BUN 16,3 mg/dL; LFG 16.3; PPT 12,8; INR 12.8; dan APPT 30,3. Hasil USG colli menunjukkan cystic like lesion di colli anterior kanan ec suspek sialocelle dd/ parotid submandibula cyst. Tidak tampak kelainan pada kelenjar tiroid kanan dan kiri maupun pada istmusnya. Sementara itu, hasil CT scan dengan kontras menunjukkan lesi kistik pada regio colli aspek anterolateral kanan setinggi C1-Th1 yang mendesak kelenjar mandibulla kanan ke anterior, arteri carotid interna kanan dan vena jugullar kanan ke sisi kiri, mengesankan parotid sialocele dd/ first brachial cleft cyst. Pada pasien dilakukan eksisi di ruang operasi dan selanjutnya dipasang drain redon ukuran 14Fr dengan produksi serous hemoragik sebatas selang 4 jam paska operasi. Hasil histomorfologi sesuai untuk brachial cleft cyst. Selanjutnya pasien pulang setelah mengalami perbaikan klinis.
095. A Rare Case Report: A 10-Years-Old Girl with Ectopic Ureter and Ectopic Hypoplasia Kidney
Authors: Saputro Johan Eko , Addin Sofyan Rais
Published: November 2024

Background: The urinary tract system develops from an embryological structure in the dorsal part of the embryo, the intermediate mesoderm, which develops between the 4th and 10th week of gestation. During the embryogenesis process, disturbed metanephric mesenchyme can cause congenital abnormalities of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT), one of which is ectopic abnormalities. Ectopic ureter and ectopic kidney had an incidence of 1:2000 and 1:3000 worldwide, respectively. Additionally, this rare case will be even more uncommon with the presence of a hypoplasia kidney. These anomalies contribute to impaired urinary drainage. Case: A 10-year-old girl was referred to the surgical department at Dr. Kariadi Hospital due to continuous urinary incontinence. She can urinate regularly via the urethra, but constantly has vaginal leaks. Previously, she had physiotherapy at the regional hospital but there was no improvement. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed an ectopic kidney image accompanied by right kidney hypoplasia and a cyst on the upper pole of the right kidney measuring ± 0.89 x 0.86 cm. Then, urethrocystoscopy and colposcopy also showed the right ureteral orifice on the superior wall of the vagina, ± 2 cm from the vaginal introitus with the left ureteral orifice in a normal position. The patient underwent ureteral reimplantation, and her symptoms successfully resolved, leading to a favourable prognosis. Conclusion: Complete ectopic ureter and ectopic hypoplasia kidney are rare congenital anomalies that require early recognition and careful management in pediatric patients.
100. Epidemiology of Mandibular Fracture Cases for Mataram University General Surgery Resident Competence in Hospital Education Center
Authors: Putra Dhany Pratama , Istikharoh Umu
Published: November 2024

Introduction: WHO (2024) estimates that 20–50 million individuals get non-fatal injuries and over 1.2 million people globally pass away on traffic accidents. craniomaxillofacial fracture cases can be done by multidisciplinary, depend on diagnosis and competence of surgeons. Methods: This study is quantitative descriptive study using medical record data of craniofacial trauma patients NTB Province General Hospital from January 2022 to September 2024, patients who experienced or who had been diagnosed of craniofacial trauma. Results: 388 patients were diagnosed with craniofacial trauma at NTB Province Hospital. There were had 99 lower face fractures, 120 mid face fractures, and 169 with upper face fractures. It was found male gender was more than female, age range of 21-30 years. the 99 patients with mandibular fractures, 66 simple mandibular fractures obtained that could be done by  general surgery resident. In 2022-2023, Unram general surgery residents are not yet in the advanced surgical phase, cannot participate in mandibular fracture surgery. But this data can provide an overview that mandibular fracture cases are sufficient in number for they operative cases. Conclusions: This study, there are 66 cases of mandibular os fracture that can be performed operatively by unram general surgery residents according to competence of general surgeons as stated in the Decree Minister of Health. So that can help in help cranio maxilo facial cases in good interdisciplinary cooperation to get optimal results.
Educational Strategies For Healthy Habits in Secondary School: Promoting Integral Health
Authors: Ortiz-Cermeño Eva
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This article aims to integrate positive habits in secondary education, focusing on students' mental and physical health. It aims to promote self-care practices and emotional resilience.
 
Theoretical Framework: It is based on theories of emotional education, active learning, and public health, highlighting the importance of training in healthy behaviors for students' physical, emotional, and social well-being.
 
Method: A mixed method was used, using interactive activities, awareness-raising workshops, and digital technologies. Periodic evaluations were carried out to measure the impact of the interventions and encourage the active participation of teachers and students.
 
Results and Discussion: Implementing the educational strategies improved physical activity intervention and reduced risk behaviors, such as substance use.
 
Research Implications: The findings suggest that promoting positive behaviors in secondary education increases academic achievement and contributes to students' overall development. They highlight the need for educational policies that support these initiatives and encourage collaboration between school, family, and community.
 
Originality/Value: It offers an innovative educational proposal that prioritizes students' personal growth and creates an environment conducive to learning. It fosters active collaboration between students and teachers and develops socio-emotional skills that strengthen the sense of community and belonging.
Ethics and Aesthetics in Food Tourism in Belém/PA (Brazil)
Authors: Cruz Fernando Manuel Rocha da
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of the study is to reflect on the local gastronomy of the city of Belém, in the Brazilian state of Pará, from its postmodern condition.
 
Theoretical Framework: Belém, capital of the state of Pará, has been, since 2015, the Creative City of Gastronomy. This title granted by UNESCO is due to traditional and local food, which has strong indigenous roots and, at the same time, African and Portuguese influence. Furthermore, the postmodern condition puts emphasis on aesthetics, considering that today everything is reduced to criteria of image, appearance and spectacle.
 
Method: The methodology adopted in the investigation has a qualitative and documentary character, as we seek to deepen knowledge about our scientific object. We also look to debate both theory and empirical data obtained mainly on Tripadvisor. Here we seek to analyze the gastronomic offer of the 50 best restaurants in the city of Belém.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that tourists seek authentic and typical experiences, but also innovative ones. In terms of discussion, it is assumed that the presentation of the meals to the customer has aesthetic importance. This study needs to be complemented with other research about the preparation of meals by Chefs and cooks.
 
Research Implications: The research contributes to understand food heritage, offering a basis for thinking about the field of food tourism.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature on food tourism. Its relevance and value are evident in understanding and thinking about the importance of food tourism.
Ethanol Production From Sugarcane Molasses: Effects of Ph, Supplementation, and Refrigeration in Simulated Industrial Conditions at a Microdistillary
Authors: Santos Renan Atanázio dos , Almeida Yeda Medeiros Bastos de , Andrade Samara Alvachian Cardoso , Caldas Celso Silva
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of pH, ammonium sulfate supplementation, and refrigeration on fermentation performance in sugarcane molasses, with the goal of optimizing ethanol production under simulated industrial conditions.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research builds on key concepts in biofuel production, emphasizing the role of pH, nutrient supplementation, and temperature control in influencing yeast metabolism and fermentation efficiency. Theories on enzymatic activity and nutrient absorption (Vidal et al., 2013; Gutierrez, 1993) provide the foundation for understanding the interactions between these factors.
 
Method: A full 2³ factorial design was employed, evaluating the effects of pH (3.5 and 5.0), supplementation (0.0 and 1.0 g/L), and refrigeration (with or without) on fermentation efficiency, process efficiency, ethanol productivity, and substrate-to-cell conversion in a microdistillery. Analytical methods included spectrophotometry, refractometry, and chromatography.
 
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that fermentation conditions with pH 3.5, without supplementation, and with refrigeration yielded the best performance, with significant increases in ethanol productivity and fermentation efficiency. The interaction between variables suggests that these factors should be considered jointly to optimize the process.
 
Research Implications: The findings offer practical insights for improving fermentation in industrial biofuel production, particularly in optimizing conditions for ethanol yield and process efficiency under near-industrial conditions.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes by using a microdistillery to simulate industrial conditions, providing more accurate data for scaling ethanol production. It adds value by highlighting how specific combinations of pH, supplementation, and refrigeration can improve biofuel sustainability.
Beyond the Synthetic Future: Usage-Based Linguistc
Authors: Silva Milca Cerqueira Etinger , Sousa Valéria Viana
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the periphrases with the verb ir, in the third singular person, searching to describe the motivations for semantic change.
 
Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented. Stand out the Usage-Centered Functional Linguistics  - LFCU (Oliveira; Rosário, 2015; Furtado da Cunha, Bispo, Silva, 2016) which is based on Construction Grammar, Cognitive Linguistics (Goldberg, 1995; Traugott; Trousdale, 2021; Bybee, 2016), providing a solid basis for understanding the context ofthe investigation.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research it is explanatory-descriptive and can be considered empirically based, focusing on the synchronic character, since the samples are extracted in a single temporal dimension
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that metaphorical and metonymic mechanisms are involved in the use of these constructions. In the discussion section, these results are contextualized in light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the implications and relationships identified. Possible discrepancies and limitations of the study are also considered in this section.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the portuguese language teaching.
These implications could encompass to other areas of study, such as cognition.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature when highlighting that there is a pattern in linguistic change. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by describing the change at different levels and the impact on Portuguese language teaching.
Effects of the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) On For-Profit Organizations
Authors: Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin , Salla Neusa Maria Gonçalves , Silva Arielli Castanho Da , Bender Jéssica Estela , Scremin Grace Kelly Holtz
Published: November 2024

Objective: The general objective of the study is to analyze which technical and administrative measures are necessary for accounting organizations to comply with the provisions of the LGPD, with this general objective being divided into three specific objectives: a) identify the technical and administrative measures relevant to the LGPD; b) establish privacy policies on the data made available and c) define the stages of technical and administrative measures so that organizations comply with the provisions of the Law.
 
Theoretical Framework: This topic presents the main concepts and theories that underpin the research. The General Data Protection Law - LGPD (LAW 13.709/2018) stands out, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research is applied, descriptive, bibliographical and documentary, with a qualitative approach. The unit of analysis was 5 managers from 5 for-profit organizations located in the northwest region of RS during the month of May 2023. Data collection was carried out through bibliographic, documentary and interview research, using documentary and descriptive analysis techniques.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that criteria adopted for the protection of people's data were defined for the companies surveyed, considering the administrative department of the companies, where data considered sensitive is handled, divided basically into three sectors: Accounting sector, Tax sector and Human Resources sector and Personnel Department. It was found that there is a need to implement technical and administrative measures in the processes and invest in training on the subject within the organizations, in order to avoid infractions and fines as punishment for non-compliance with the provisions of the General Data Protection Law. In the discussion section, these results are contextualized in light of the General Data Protection Law - LGPD (LAW 13.709/2018), highlighting the implications and relationships identified. Possible discrepancies and limitations of the study are also considered in this section.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of the General Data Protection Law - LGPD. These implications may include the deepening of knowledge, as well as from a practical point of view, since it offers a concrete solution to a specific demand of the company investigated in this study.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by discussing the topic General Data Protection Law - LGPD (LAW 13.709/2018. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by providing guidance to organizations on how to prepare the Privacy Policy and Contingency Plan, with the purpose of adapting to the LGPD.
Disparity and Fragmentation of Formal and Non-Formal Education in Men's Prisons in the Metropolitan Region, Chile
Authors: Collado Violeta Acuña , Vergara Marcela Gaete , Muga Marisol Ramírez
Published: November 2024

Objective: The goal of this study is to map the education provided in contexts of confinements in the Metropolitan Region of Chile. This article focuses on the manners in which formal and non-formal education is developed in male penitentiaries, those with the largest prison population.
 
Theoretical Framework: The concepts of legal prison and real prison, as well as theories on the purposes of prison education, serve as a basis for the study, giving rise to various ways of implementing education.
 
Method: The methodology is qualitative and the sample includes the total of the prisons in the Metropolitan Region. The sequential design includes a survey in prisons, semi-structured interviews and discussion groups from 68 institutions that provide education in prisons.
 
Results and Discussion: A great disparity and fragmentation of formal and non-formal education in prisons, lack of articulation, low coverage and solitary work are revealed. No planning of the offer or the interests of those deprived of liberty was found. The real prison does not materialize the current public policies in terms of education, maintaining practices from the 19th century.
 
Implications of the research: The results demonstrate the need to articulate public policies in an inter-ministerial plan that incorporates qualitative dimensions, beyond the fulfillment of goals and decisions of each prison.
 
Originality/Value: This research is relevant because there are few studies of the actual functioning of formal and non-formal education in prisons.
Challenging clinical management of a patient with Gaucher disease type IIIC homozygous for the D409H mutation, aortic valve calcification and porcelain aorta
Authors: Öztürk Musa , Aypar Ebru , Demir Hülya , Hızarcıoğlu Gülşen Hayriye , Ertuğrul İlker , Güvener Murat , Kaya Ergün Barış
Published: November 2024

Background. Gaucher disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency resulting in the cumulative deposition of glucocerebroside in macrophages, predominantly effecting bone marrow, liver and spleen. Gaucher disease type IIIC is a rare subtype that is characterized by cardiovascular involvement, eye-movement disorders, and late-onset neurological symptoms.
Case presentation. We present a 14-year-old adolescent boy diagnosed with Gaucher disease type IIIC at age four with a homozygous D409H mutation who developed severe aortic valve stenosis, extensive aortic calcification and a porcelain aorta despite enzyme replacement treatment since the diagnosis. Despite the challenges during the cardiac surgery, we successfully performed transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The patient developed a complete atrioventricular block and required a pacemaker after the TAVI. He experienced further complications during the follow-up.
Conclusion. The case presents the challenges in the treatment of cardiovascular complications in patients with Gaucher disease and demonstrates the importance of individualized treatment approaches, as well as the potential advantages and complications of TAVI in difficult situations like this.
Perfil sociodemográfico das reinternações por abuso de substâncias psicoativas e sua relação com o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Barbosa Tatiane Muniz , Marzall Gabriela , D'Agostini José Eduardo Lobato
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A dependência química é um transtorno mental complexo que compromete o perfil comportamental, cognitivo, social e emocional do ser humano. Objetivo: Investigar as características das reinternações de pacientes por abuso de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas em um hospital referência em saúde mental e a relação com o CAPS (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial) de um município do Vale do Itajaí/SC. Método: Teve como amostra 230 prontuários de pacientes reinternados em um hospital por abuso de substâncias lícitas e/ou ilícitas e atendidos no CAPS e os dados foram analisados conforme análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: A maioria dos casos são de homens adultos jovens, com vínculo empregatício e sem companheiro. O atendimento hospitalar foi o principal serviço encaminhador e esses pacientes tinham entre 1 até 3 internações anteriores. As internações eram voluntárias, por incapacidade de autocuidado, média de 8 até 21 dias e desligamento por alta melhorada. No CAPS, houve o predomínio de busca ativas atendidas, pacientes ativos por 7,8 meses em média, com 2,8 atendimentos farmacêuticos e 2,6 psicológicos, sendo que na maior parte não houve participação familiar. A maioria dos usuários tiveram recaídas, mas não tiveram novas internações. Referente ao perfil de substâncias utilizadas, o álcool foi a mais disseminada, seguida de crack e cocaína. Conclusão: Espera-se que este estudo contribua para novas e aprofundadas discussões na saúde pública, a fim de contribuir com a consolidação das políticas públicas já existentes em saúde mental.
Overview of the history of the development of camouflage uniforms and its influence on the current state of camouflage
Authors: Tikhanychev Oleg Vasilyevich , Tikhanycheva Evgeniya Olegovna
Published: November 2024

In the early stages of combat operations, the multi-colored coloring of the uniform served, along with other elements of visualization of the situation, to visually distinguish friendly troops from enemy troops, to separate troops by type and purpose, and not to ensure the secrecy of troops. The issue of camouflage of military equipment and structures, at this stage, has not yet been raised. With the increase in the range and accuracy of weapons, with the advent of automatic weapons, the field military uniform gradually lost the function of identification and acquired the function of camouflage. At first it was a monochromatic khaki coloring, which provides an imitation camouflage function, then a camouflage coloring that adds deforming properties to it. With the advent of military equipment on the battlefield, it had to be painted as well. And later, with the advent of reconnaissance and combat aviation, and other types of long-range weapons, it was necessary to ensure the secrecy of not only the objects of the battlefield, but also the objects of the rear. The article considers the history of the development of methods for increasing the secrecy of personnel through the use of protective coloring of uniforms and equipment. Other aspects of the application of methods for increasing stealth in the optical and other ranges, as well as their development in recent history, are also briefly touched upon.
Topical issues of the activities of the Prosecutor's office in the field of countering extremist activity and directions for its improvement
Authors: Vasnetsova Anastasiya Sergeevna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study was the theoretical, legal and applied aspects of the prosecutor's office's participation in the field of countering extremism. In the course of the study, strategic planning documents, regulatory legal acts and empirical materials were studied, including: a) The Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, Government resolutions, organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation on the participation of the Prosecutor's Office in the field of countering extremist activity; b) materials of the supervisory and other functional activities of the prosecutor's office available to the author's team concerning the subject of the study; c) statistical forms containing information on the state of crime related to encroachments on the national interests of the Russian Federation, as well as data on the results of the activities of the prosecutor's office to ensure the national security of the Russian Federation. The consideration of theoretical and applied aspects of the prosecutor's office's participation in countering extremist activities was carried out on the basis of a general scientific dialectical method of cognition of legal and social phenomena related to extremism. Other private and special techniques and methods were also used: formal-legal, structural-functional, systemic, statistical. The study also used a set of methods of criminology and prosecutorial supervision. The main conclusions are concluded in the definition of the main theoretical, legal and applied aspects of the activities of the prosecutor's office in the field of countering extremist activities. Reviewed and analyzed: theoretical approaches to determining the place of the prosecutor's office in the system of countering extremism in the Russian Federation; specifics of the legal regulation of the prosecutor's office in the system of countering extremism in the Russian Federation; identification of the main applied aspects of the prosecutor's office's participation in the implementation of anti-extremist activities.
Ankle Fracture Gait Training Through Musical Feedback: Case Study
Authors: Cedin Luisa , Knowlton Christopher , Ferrigno Christopher , Wimmer Markus A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Trimalleolar ankle fractures often result in mobility and gait impairments. To date, there is little consensus on the rehabilitation regimen. Biofeedback is an emerging approach that improves gait in different populations; here, we utilized novel, customized musical biofeedback to retrain gait following a trimalleolar ankle fracture.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male sustained a right trimalleolar ankle fracture and underwent surgical fixation, followed by immobilization, progressive weight bearing, and a regular physical therapy regimen. Additional gait training sessions were provided with musical feedback from pressure-sensing insoles to provide accurate cues to encourage medialized load pressure and prevent avoidance behavior.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Mobility, functionality, stance phase, stride length, total force distribution, and plantar pressure improved after training.

DISCUSSION: This is the first study on gait training after an ankle fracture using customized pressure-based biofeedback with music to normalize plantar pressure at the push-off phase. JOSPT Cases 2025;5(1):52-56. Epub 11 November 2024. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2024.0072
Chemotherapy-induced constipation among children: An observational study
Authors: Goel Aditi , Kumar Rakesh , Das Kunal
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Chemotherapy-induced constipation [CIC] is a common and underreported morbidity among children. There is a lack of consensus about its reporting and management.

Material and Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted on children receiving chemotherapy for various malignancies. Exclusion was made for preexisting gastrointestinal disorders, children in intensive care, or in an altered sensorium. Constipation assessment and Bristol stool form scales were used to assess the incidence of CIC.

Result

A total of 90 children were observed and CIC was reported by 41 (45.5%) cases as self-declared as well as on the constipation assessment scale. On the Bristol stool form scale, 47 (52.3%) cases had some grade of CIC. CIC was associated with vincristine, cytarabine, and L-asparaginase chemotherapy schedules. Oral laxatives were the most common remedy used and only 11 cases required rectal enema. Despite interval admission noted among 12 cases and chemotherapy schedule modification among 22 cases, the impact of CIC on the quality of life was expressed by 26.6 % of caregivers only.

Conclusion

CIC is a common morbidity and it needs more active surveillance.
Traumatic prepatellar quadriceps continuation injury in an elite cyclist
Authors: Baker Patrick , Lam Luthan , Jacob Jason , McKenzie Glen
Published: November 2024

Injury to the prepatellar quadriceps continuation is a lesser recognized extensor mechanism injury when compared to the more commonly encountered quadriceps and patellar tendon injuries. We present a case of a traumatic injury to the prepatellar quadriceps continuation in an elite cyclist without injury to the adjacent patellar or quadriceps tendons. The magnetic resonance imaging findings depict the anatomy of the prepatellar structures in detail, as well as the sequelae of trauma. These include, but are not limited to partial or complete tearing, stripping and elevation of the anterior surface of the patella, and traumatic reactive prepatellar bursitis. Cyclists may be predisposed to injury to the prepatellar quadriceps continuation due to background overuse prepatellar friction syndrome, but as in our case, injury can also be the result of an acute traumatic insult. These injuries can be managed conservatively with physiotherapy and result in a good outcome.
A rare presentation of isolated intraosseous Rosai-Dorfman disease of the tibia – The role of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in management
Authors: Venkateshwaran Ram Sanjith , Bhari Thippeswamy Pushpa , Jayanthi Kamashi S. , Rajasekaran Raja Bhaskara
Published: November 2024

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytic disorder, usually presenting with enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Extranodal involvement is quite common and synchronously involves the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, skin, orbit, central nervous system, and rarely bones. Isolated bone involvement is rare and can present with local symptoms such as pain, swelling, restriction of activity, and occasionally pathological fracture. The most common sites of osseous RDD are the cranium, facial bones, and tibia, in decreasing order of frequency. Imaging findings of primary osseous RDD can be variable and there are no key features to diagnose this entity with certainty. Hence, the primary role of imaging is to plan the management and post-treatment follow-up. Here, we present a case of primary osseous RDD involving tibial diaphysis and emphasize the importance of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in ruling out systemic involvement.
Olaparib-induced myelodysplasia – A case report
Authors: Dogra Ratika , Trivedi Charu L.
Published: November 2024

Olaparib is an antineoplastic agent that is a poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor and is Food and Drug Administration-approved for the treatment of ovarian, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. PARP inhibitors can cause DNA damage and epigenetic changes, leading to hematological transformations and increasing the risk of myelodysplasia. We present a case of a 58-year-old female with malignant breast cancer initiated on Olaparib after failing multiple treatment lines. The patient had persistent declining blood cell counts, and a bone marrow biopsy revealed hypercellular bone marrow with predominant myeloid cells with increasing number of blasts and promyelocytes. Olaparib was stopped. The patient elected for supportive care and hospice.
LIPOPROTEIN(A) AND ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: THE ROLE AND PROSPECTS FOR APPLYING RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors:   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Pashkovsky A. R. , Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Janushko A. V. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus
Published: November 2024

Background. Lipids and lipoprotein particles contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and determine the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL, HDL), other lipid mediators also contribute to cardiovascular risk. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is one of them. Current guidelines and consensus statements recommend measuring Lp(a) in all adults at least once in their lifetime. Lp(a) consists of an LDL-like particle in which apoprotein(a) is covalently linked to apoprotein B100 through a single disulfide bond. Lp(a) level is a genetically determined feature. Objective. To analyze the literature on the clinical significance of lipoprotein(a) in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods. A total of 46 literature sources were analyzed. Conclusions. Given the clear literature data indicating the association of Lp(a) with cardiovascular diseases as independent factors of atherogenesis and thrombogenesis, there is particular interest in studying the role of Lp(a) in the development of cardiovascular events.
HEMODYNAMICS OF THE BRAIN IN NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS WITH PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Alexandrovich A. S.
Published: November 2024

Objective. To determine the state of brain structures and blood flow parameters in the ventricular system in newborns whose mothers suffered from placental insufficiency using neurosonography and Doppler ultrasound. Material and methods. The study involved 96 newborns from mothers with placental insufficiency (the main group) and 30 healthy newborns (the control group). The diagnostic tools included a neurosonographic assessment of the anterior and middle cranial fossae, as well as Doppler ultrasound of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, vein of Galen blood flow velocity assessment, systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D), resistive index (Ri) and pulsatility index (PI). Results. The comparative analysis of blood flow in the anterior cerebral artery and the vein of Galen did not reveal statistically significant differences between the main and control groups. While examining the middle cerebral artery, despite the absence of statistically significant differences in blood flow velocities compared with the control group, resistive index (Ri), pulsatility index (Pi) and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) showed statistically significant differences. This indicates increased vascular resistance in newborns from the main group. Conclusion. It is essential to combine Doppler ultrasound and neurosonography in order to make an objective assessment of the state of the newborns central nervous system from mothers with placental insufficiency. The study revealed impairment of hemodynamics in the middle cerebral arteries pool in newborns from the main group. To assess cerebral hemodynamics, it is preferable to use the Ri, Pi and S/D indices.
علاقة أبعاد الصحة النفسية بالتحصيل الدراسي لدى طالبات كلية التربية في جامعة الأميرة نوره بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الوعيل أمل بنت عمر
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على علاقة أبعاد الصحة النفسية بالتحصيل الدراسي لدى طالبات كلية التربية، في جامعة الأميرة نوره في المملكة العربية السعودية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم استخدام مقياس الصحة النفسية من إعداد: القريطي؛ والشخص (1998)، كأداة للدراسة، والذي تم تطبيقه على (201) طالبة من طالبات كلية التربية في جامعة الأميرة نوره، وتم اختيار عينة الدراسة بطريقة عشوائية طبقية، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج كان أبرزها: وجود مستوى معتدل من الصحة النفسية لدى عينة الدراسة من طالبات الجامعة، حيث بلغ المتوسط (64.54)، كما كشفت النتائج عن وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط درجات أفراد عينة الدراسة في بعدي (الشعور بالكفاءة والثقة بالنفس، النضج الانفعالي والقدرة على ضبط النفس)، وكذلك في الدرجة الكلية لمقياس الصحة النفسية تبعاً لاختلاف التخصص (علم النفس، رياض الأطفال) لصالح طالبات قسم علم النفس. في حين أشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط درجات أفراد عينة الدراسة في الأبعاد التالية (القدرة على التفاعل الاجتماعي، القدرة على توظيف الطاقات والإمكانات في أعمال مشبعة، التحرر من الأعراض العصابية، البُعْد الإنساني والقيمي، تقبّل الذات، وأوجه القصور العضوية) لمقياس الصحة النفسية تبعاً لاختلاف تخصص أفراد العينة، كما أسفرت النتائج عن وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الطالبات المرتفعات التحصيل الأكاديمي، والطالبات المنخفضات التحصيل الأكاديمي في متوسط درجات بُعْدي (الشعور بالكفاءة والثقة بالنفس، تقبّل الذات وأوجه القصور العضوية)، وفي الدرجة الكلية لمقياس الصحة النفسية عند مستوى(0.05)؛ وكانت تلك الفروق لصالح الطالبات المرتفعات التحصيل الأكاديمي، كما أشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الطالبات المرتفعات التحصيل الأكاديمي، والطالبات المنخفضات التحصيل الأكاديمي في متوسط درجات باقي ابعاد مقياس الصحة النفسية (القدرة على التفاعل الاجتماعي، النضج الانفعالي والقدرة على ضبط النفس، القدرة على توظيف الطاقات والإمكانات في أعمال مشبعة، التحرر من الأعراض العصابية، البُعْد الإنساني والقيمي). وبناءً على ما توصلت إليه الدراسة من نتائج، اقترحت الباحثة العديد من التوصيات كان أبرزها: دراسة دور التحصيل الدراسي في التأثير على صحة الأفراد النفسية، ودراسة المبادئ والممارسات اللازمة لتحسين الصحة النفسية لدى الأفراد وحمايتهم من الاضطرابات النفسية.
الدعم الاجتماعي يتوسط العلاقة بين اليقظة والرضا عن الحياة والشعور بالوحدة بين الطلاب الأجانب
Authors: الضبياني عامر محمد , لف ييكينغ , مركين بركات , تشياو شيوتشينغ , عطا الله عطا الله
Published: November 2024

الوحدة والرضا عن الحياة مؤشرات مهمة للصحة العقلية للأفراد. وجدت الدراسات أن اليقظة تلعب دورًا مهمًا في تحسين الرضا عن الحياة وتقليل الشعور بالوحدة النفسية، لكن الآلية الأساسية غير معروفة. درست هذه الدراسة العلاقة بين اليقظة العقلية والرضا عن الحياة والوحدة النفسية والتوسط المحتمل للدعم الاجتماعي بين الطلبة الأجانب في الصين. تم مسح الطلاب اليمنيين الملتحقين بالجامعات الصينية خلال العام الدراسي 2020 (العدد = 509) لتحديد مستويات اليقظة العقلية والدعم الاجتماعي والرضا عن الحياة والشعور بالوحدة النفسية. وجدت الدراسة أن جميع أبعاد اليقظة العقلية الخمسة تتنبأ بشكل إيجابي بالأبعاد الثلاثة للدعم الاجتماعي، وأن الدعم المتصور من الأصدقاء فقط هو الذي يمكن للمرء أن يشعر بالرضا عن الحياة، وفقط الدعم المتصور للآخرين المهمين يمكن أن يقلل من الشعور بالوحدة النفسية.
نماذج تدريس المقررات الرياضية والمتغيرات البحثية التي اهتمت بتوظيفها الدراسات التربوية العربية ضِمنَ مرحلة التعليم العام
Authors: العتيبي سلمان بن صاهود
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد نماذج تدريس المقررات الرياضية التي اُستُنِد إليها في عينة من الأبحاث التربوية العربية في مجال تعليم وتعلم الرياضيات، المُطبَّقة على مرحلة التعليم العام، وذلك إسهاماً في حصرها وتبويبها؛ بما يُساعِدُ في تلخيص الجهود العلمية، وتصنيفها وفقاً لأهداف النماذج ومتغيراتها البحثية التي اتصلت بها. واقتصرَ تحليل محتوى الإسهامات البحثية على ما قُدِّمَ خلال الفترة الزمنية الواقعة بين عامي 2005- 2020، ضِمنَ أوعية النشر المعلوماتية العربية، مع فحص الموضوعات البحثية ومنهجياتها في عينةٍ عشوائيةٍ بلغت (123) دراسة. وكشفت النتائج عن كثرة الدراسات البحثية التي ركزت على نموذج بايبي Bybee "التعلم البنائي الرباعي والخماسي"، ونموذج أبعاد التعلم لمارزانو Marzano. كما قل الإسهام البحثي في عددٍ من النماذج؛ كالتعلم المنظم ذاتياً، ونموذج التبرير القائم على الحالة Case-Based Reasoning، ونموذج لِش Lesh. وتبنَّت معظم الدراسات البحثية المنهج التجريبي، مع تركيزها على متغيري التحصيل والتفكير الرياضي. وأوصت الدراسة بالإفادة من نماذج تدريس الرياضيات، مع تبني المنهجيات التطويرية والتقويمية، واقتراح النماذج التدريسية للمقررات الرياضية؛ بما يُحقِّق عمق التعلم، ودعمه لعمليات الفهم والتطبيق العلمي.
Evaluation of the Drainage Channel Capacity of Air Ukah in Ngabang
Authors: Barage Lourdes Meirista , Gunarto Danang , Soeryamassoeka S. B.
Published: November 2024

Flooding in Ngabang, Landak Regency, Kalimantan Barat often results from high rainfall, urban expansion, and limited drainage. This study analyzes the Air Ukah drainage system, including primary, secondary, and tertiary channels, to assess current capacities against projected rainfall intensities. Hydraulic and hydrological analyses were performed using primary field data and validated rainfall records from 1999-2020. Findings reveal that the existing drainage, with the primary channel’s 5.20 m³/s capacity, the secondary channel at 0.36 m³/s, and tertiary channels at 0.82 m³/s, cannot accommodate maximum discharge, particularly for a 100-year return period rainfall of 114.27 mm/hour. To address this, channels were expanded: the primary channel was widened to 6.5 m and deepened to 3.5 m, increasing its capacity to 11.83 m³/s. The secondary and tertiary channels were similarly upgraded, now accommodating 2.40 m³/s and a cumulative 34.07 m³/s. These modifications significantly enhance drainage capacity, preparing Ngabang to handle intense rain events and mitigating flood risks, particularly in urban areas. This upgraded system now meets the need for resilience against extreme rainfall, ensuring improved water management and community safety.
Bilberry Extract in Macular Pigment Density Improvement
Authors:   Private Practice, Bergamo, Italy, Mazzolani Fabio
Published: November 2024

Macular Pigments (MPs), by absorbing potentially toxic short-wavelength (400–500 nm) visible light, provide protection against photo-chemical damage. A new method of MPs levels screening analyzes polarization-dependent absorption of blue light by MPs, which results in the entoptic phenomenon called Haidinger’s Brushes (HB). Subjects identify the direction of rotation of HB when presented with a circular stimulus illuminated with an even intensity of polarized white light in which the electric field vector was rotating either clockwise or anti-clockwise. The examination was performed at baseline and after 3 months of daily intake of 320 mg bilberry extract, from Vaccinium myrtillus L. and standardized to contain more than 36% of anthocyanins (anthocyanosides), in normal subjects and MPs improvement was recorded after 3 months of dietary supplements. The results suggest a challenging role of daily intake of 320 mg bilberry extract in macular pigment density improvement possibly due to a macular protection from oxidative damage by bilberry.
Data Efficiency of Classification Strategies for Chemical and Materials Design
Authors: Gallagher Quinn , Webb Michael
Published: November 2024

Active learning and design-build-test-learn strategies are increasingly employed to accelerate materials discovery and characterization. Many data-driven materials design campaigns target solutions within constrained domains such as synthesizability, stability, solubility, recyclability, and toxicity. Lack of knowledge about these constraints can hinder design efficiency by producing samples that fail to meet required thresholds. Acquiring this knowledge during the design campaign is inefficient, and effective classification of common materials constraints transcends specific design objectives. However, there is no consensus on the most data-efficient algorithm for classifying whether a material satisfies a constraint. To address this gap, we comprehensively compare the performance of 100 strategies designed to classify chemical and materials behavior. Performance is assessed across 31 classification tasks sourced from the literature in chemical and materials science. From these results, we recommend best practices for building data-efficient classifiers, showing the neural network- and random forest-based active learning algorithms are most efficient across tasks. We also show that classification task complexity can be quantified based on task metafeatures, most notably the noise-to-signal ratio. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive survey of data-efficient classification strategies, identifies attributes of top-performing strategies, and suggests avenues for further study.
Leveraging High-throughput Molecular Simulations and Machine Learning for Formulation Design
Authors: Chew Alex K. , Afzal Mohammad Atif Faiz , Kaplan Zach , Collins Eric M. , Gattani Suraj , Misra Mayank , Chandrasekaran Anand , Leswing Karl , Halls Mathew D.
Published: November 2024

Formulations, or mixtures of chemical ingredients, are ubiquitous in materials science, but optimizing their properties remains challenging due to the vast design space. Computational approaches offer a promising solution to traverse this space while minimizing trial-and-error experimentation. Using high-throughput classical molecular dynamics simulations, we generated a comprehensive dataset of over 30,000 solvent mixtures to evaluate three machine learning approaches that connect molecular structure and composition to property: formulation descriptor aggregation (FDA), formulation graph (FG), and Set2Set-based method (FDS2S). Our results demonstrate that our new FDS2S approach outperforms other approaches in predicting simulation-derived properties. Formulation-property relationships can reveal important substructures and identify promising formulations at least two to three times faster than random guessing. The models show robust transferability to experimental datasets, accurately predicting properties across energy, pharmaceutical, and petroleum applications. Our research demonstrates the utility of high-throughput simulations and machine learning tools to design formulations with promising properties.
Symmetry-breaking charge-separation in a subphthalocyanine dimer resolved by two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Bressan Giovanni , Chambrier Isabelle , Cammidge Andrew , Meech Stephen
Published: November 2024

Understanding the role of structural and environmental dynamics in the excited state properties of strongly coupled chromophores is of paramount importance in molecular photonics. Ultrafast, coherent and multidimensional spectroscopies have been utilised to investigate such dynamics in the simplest model system, the molecular dimer. Here we present a half-broadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (HB-2DES) study of the previously reported ultrafast symmetry-breaking charge separation (SB-CS) in the subphthalocyanine oxo-bridged homodimer μ-OSubPc2. Electronic structure calculations and 2D cross-peaks reveal the dimer’s excitonic structure, whilst ultrafast evolution of the multidimensional spectra unveils subtle features of structural relaxation, solvation dynamics and inhomogeneous broadening in the SB-CS. Analysis of coherently excited vibrational motions reveals dimer specific low frequency Raman active modes coupled to higher frequency vibrations localised on the SubPc cores. Finally, beatmap amplitude distributions characteristic of excitonic dimers with multiple bright states are reported and analysed.
Highly Entangled Hydrogels by Photoiniferter-Mediated RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Irvine Gavin , Myronidis Konstantinos , Pinto Fulvio , Kopeć Maciej
Published: November 2024

We report the synthesis of ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) hydrogels with extremely low crosslinking densities by reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization using a trithiocarbonate photoiniferter. Fixing the photoiniferter to crosslinker ratio and gradually increasing the targeted degree of polymerization (DPtarget) allowed for simultaneous control over the crosslinking density and the average molecular weight (Mn) of the primary chains, both below and above the critical molecular weight of entanglement (Mc). Interestingly, a plateau in storage moduli (G’) was observed for UHMW PDMAm hydrogels with a sufficiently high DPtarget (> 5,000), indicating a transition to the entanglement-dominated regime, with no contribution from crosslinks to the overall modulus, thus indicating the formation of highly entangled hydrogels. These hydrogels exhibit enhanced properties such as high toughness and resistance to swelling despite their vanishingly small crosslinking densities. Furthermore, even when equipped with cleavable crosslinkers, the UHMW PDMAm hydrogels resist degradation due to dense entanglements which act as transient crosslinks preventing the gels from swelling, while sparse covalent crosslinks help to maintain their structural integrity and avoid disentanglement. This approach allows simple synthesis of elastic and tough hydrogels with a well-defined structure and tuneable contributions from both crosslinks and entanglements.