bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Indications on Perinatal Outcomes After Radio frequency Ablation in Complicated Monochorionic Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Zhou Qian , Wang Xietong , Song Jia , Chen Pengzheng , Wang Yanyun , Li Lei , Li Hongyan
Published: December 2020

Background:Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is recommended to prevent potential neurological injury or intrauterine foetal death (IUFD) of the co-twin(s) in complicated monochorionic (MC) pregnancies. However, the impacts of various indications on the pregnancy outcome following RFA remain unclear. This study aimed to determine how the indications influence the perinatal outcomes in complicated MC pregnancies undergoing radiofrequency ablation.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study performed in a single centre. All consecutive MC pregnancies treated with RFA between July 2011 and July 2019 were included. The adverse perinatal outcomes and the survival rate were analysed based on various indications. The continuous variables with and without normal distribution were compared between the groups using Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U test, respectively, and for categorical variables, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used. P < 0.05 indicated a significant difference.Results:We performed 272 RFA procedures in 268 complicated MC pregnancies, including 60 selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR), 64 twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), 12 twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPs), 66 foetal anomaly and 66 elective foetal reduction (EFR) cases. The overall survival rate of the co-twin was 201/272 (73.9%). The overall technical successful rate was determined at 201/263 (76.7%). The IUFD rate in the co-twin was 20/272 (7.4%). The TTTS group had recorded the lowest survival rate (37/64, 57. 8%), and the survival rate significantly correlated with Quintero stages (P = 0.029). Moreover, the sIUGR III subgroup had a lower survival rate compared with sIUGR II (55.6%, versus 84.3%). The subgroup of foetal anomaly of gastroschisis or exomphalos had the highest IUFD rate (4/10, 40%), followed by sIUGR III (2/9, 22.2%) and dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) subgroup (8/46, 17.9%). In EFR group, eight IUFD cases were all coming from the DCTA subgroup and received RFA before 17 weeks.Conclusions:The perinatal outcome of RFA was correlated with the indications, with the lowest survival rate in TTTS IV and the highest IUFD incidence in abdominal wall defect followed by sIUGR III. Elective RFA after 17 weeks may prevent IUFD in DCTA pregnancies.
Trend and treatment outcomes of latent tuberculosis infection among migrant persons in Japan: retrospective analysis of Japan Tuberculosis Surveillance data
Authors: Kawatsu Lisa , Uchimura Kazuhiro , Ohkado Akihiro
Published: December 2020

Background: Screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among migrant population has become a critical issue for many low tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. Evidence regarding effectiveness of LTBI programs are limited, however, partly because of paucity of national data on treatment outcomes for LTBI. In Japan, notification of LTBI is mandatory, and its treatment outcome is reported as part of Japan’s national TB surveillance system. We thus conducted a detailed analysis of LTBI among foreign-born persons, to update the epidemiological trend of newly notified LTBI between 2007 and 2018, and to examine the treatment regimen and outcome of those notified in 2016 and 2017, focusing specifically on the potential risk factors for lost to follow-up. Methods: We extracted and analyzed the data of newly notified LTBI patients from the Japan Tuberculosis Surveillance System to examine the overall trend of notification and by age groups and modes of detection between 2007 and 2018, and the cohort data for treatment regimen and outcomes of foreign-born persons notified with LTBI in 2016 and 2017. Trends and proportions were summarized descriptively, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for lost to follow-up. Comparisons were made with the Japan-born patients where appropriate. Results: Both the number and proportion of LTBI among foreign-born persons have been constantly increasing, reaching 963 cases in 2018. Analysis of cohort data indicated that the proportion of those on shorter regimen was higher among the foreign- than Japan-born patients (5.5% vs. 1.8%, p<0.001). The proportion of those who have been lost to follow-up and transferred outside of Japan combined was higher among the foreign- than Japan-born patients (12.0% vs, 8.2%, p<0.001). Risk factors for lost to follow-up were being employed on a temporal basis, and job status unknown (adjusted odds ratios 3.11 and 4.09, 95% confidence intervals 1.34-7.26 and 1.60-10.48, respectively). Conclusions: Migrant population face greater risk of interrupting LTBI treatment, and interventions to improve adherence are a critical component of programmatic management of LTBI. Further studies are needed to explore the cultural and socioeconomic situation in which foreign-born persons undergo LTBI treatment in Japan.
Sedation Practices for Routine Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Systematic Review of Recommendations
Authors: Dossa Fahima , Megetto Olivia , Yakubu Mafo , Zhang David D.Q. , Baxter Nancy N.
Published: December 2020

Background: Sedation is commonly used in gastrointestinal endoscopy; however, considerable variability in sedation practices has been reported. The objective of this review was to identify and synthesize existing recommendations on sedation practices for routine gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures. Methods: We systematically reviewed guidelines and position statements identified through a search of PubMed, guidelines databases, and websites of relevant professional associations from January 1, 2005 to May 10, 2019. We included English-language guidelines/position statements with recommendations relating to sedation for adults undergoing routine gastrointestinal endoscopy. Documents with guidance only for complex endoscopic procedures were excluded. We extracted and synthesized recommendations relating to: 1) choice of sedatives, 2) sedation administration, 3) personnel responsible for monitoring sedated patients, 4) skills and training of individuals involved in sedation, and 5) equipment required for monitoring sedated patients. We assessed the quality of included documents using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. Results: We identified 19 guidelines and 7 position statements meeting inclusion criteria. Documents generally agreed that a single, trained registered nurse can administer moderate sedation, monitor the patient, and assist with brief, interruptible tasks. Documents also agreed on the routine use of pulse oximetry and blood pressure monitoring during endoscopy. However, recommendations relating to the drugs to be used for sedation, the healthcare personnel capable of administering propofol and monitoring patients sedated with propofol, and the need for capnography when monitoring sedated patients varied. Only 9 documents provided a grade or level of evidence in support of their recommendations. Conclusions: Recommendations for sedation practices in routine gastrointestinal endoscopy differ across guidelines/position statements and often lack supporting evidence with potential implications for patient safety and procedural efficiency. Registration Number CRD42019141076
Can the physical act of sexual intercourse before frozen embryo transfer improve IVF treatment outcome? A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Yuan Li Hua , Cao Xian Ling , Sun Zhen-Gao
Published: December 2020

Background: Exposure of the female reproductive tract to either seminal plasma or fluid component of the ejaculate is beneficial to achieving successful embryo implantation and normal embryo development. But whether the "physical" component of of sexual intercourse during the peri-transfer period have any influence on FET pregnancy outcome is not clear.Methods: We conducted a randomized trial that included 223 patients undergoing IVF treatment at a University-affiliated reproductive center from 19 June to 20 August 2018. Enrolled patients undergoing IVF treatment were randomized either to engage sexual intercourse using the barrier contraception (n=116) or to abstain (n=107) one night before FET. The follow-up parameters included biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, early abortion and implantation rate.Results: Patients having intercourse had higher clinical pregnancy rate (51.72% vs. 37.07%, P=0.045) and implantation rate (38.31% vs. 24.77%, P=0.005) compared to those did not engage intercourse. However, there was no significant difference of the spontaneous abortion rate between two groups (11.67% 33 vs. 14.63%, P=0.662).Conclusions: Sexual intercourse before the day of embryo transfer may improve the clinical pregnancy and implantation rates during the frozen- thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycle. However, it should be noted that patients choose only one time for sexual intercourse, that is, the night before embryo transfer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This study was registered at the China Clinical Trial Registration Center, with the registration number ChiCTR1800017209.
HANDY: a device for assessing resistance to mechanical crushing of maize kernel
Authors: Su Yuan , Xu Yang , Cui Tao , Gao Xiaojun , Xia Guoyi , Li Yibo , Qiao Mengmeng , Yu Yingbo
Published: December 2020

Background: How to control the physical damage during maize kernel harvesting is a major problem for both mechanical designers and plant breeders. A limitation of addressing this problem is lacking a reliable method and model for assessing the relation between kernel damage susceptibility and threshing quality. The design, construction, and testing of a portable tool called “HANDY”, which can assess the resistance to mechanical crushing in maize kernel. HANDY can impact the kernel with a special accelerator at a given rotating speed and then cause measurable damage to the kernel. These factors are varied to determine the ideal parameters for operating the HANDY. Results: Baseline testing of the HANDY is performed to determine the initial range of testing parameters. The result shows that the optimum number of test times is one. Breakage index (BI, target index of HANDY), decreased as the moisture content of kernel increased or the rotating speed decreased within the tested range. Furthermore, the HANDY exhibited a greater sensitivity in testing kernels at higher moisture level influence on the susceptibility of damage kernel than that in Breakage Susceptibility tests, particularly when the centrifugation speed is about 1800 r/min and the centrifugal disc type is curved. Considering that the mechanical properties of kernels vary greatly as the moisture content changes, a subsection linear (average goodness of fit is 0.9) to predict the threshing quality is built by piecewise function analysis, which is divided by kernel moisture. Specifically, threshing quality is regarded as a function of the measured result of the HANDY. Five maize cultivars are identified with higher damage resistance among 21 tested candidate varieties. Conclusions: The HANDY provides a quantitative assessment of the mechanical crushing resistance of maize kernel. The BI is demonstrated to be a more robust index than breakage susceptibility (BS) when evaluating threshing quality in harvesting in terms of both reliability and accuracy. This study also offers a new perspective for evaluating the mechanical crushing resistance of grains and provides technical support for breeding and screening maize varieties that are suitable for mechanical harvesting.
Neural progenitor cell-derived nanovesicles promote hair follicle growth via miR-100
Authors: Cao Lei , Tian Tian , Huang Yuanbo , Tao Shiqin , Zhu Xiaohong , Yang Mifang , Gu Jing , Feng Guangdong , Ma Yinni , Xia Rushan , Xu Wenrong , Wang Lei
Published: December 2020

Background: Accumulating evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise to promote hair growth. However, large-scale production of EVs is still a challenge. Recently, exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NV) prepared by extruding cells have emerged as an alternative strategy for clinical-scale production. Here, ReNcell VM (ReN) cells, a neural progenitor cell line was serially extruded to produce NV. Results: The ReN-NV were found to promote dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation. In addition, in a mouse model of depilation-induced hair regeneration, ReN-NV were injected subcutaneously, resulting in an acceleration of hair follicle (HF) cycling transition at the site. The underlying mechanism was indicated to be the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-100 was revealed to be abundant in ReN-NV and significantly up-regulated in DPCs receiving ReN-NV treatment. miR-100 inhibition verified its important role in ReN-NV-induced β-catenin signaling activation. Conclusion: These results provide an alternative agent to EVs and suggest a strategy for hair growth therapy.
NOX1 inhibition attenuates the development of a pro-tumorigenic environment in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vandierendonck Astrid , Degroote Helena , Vanderborght Bart , Verhelst Xavier , Geerts Anja , Devisscher Lindsey , Vlierberghe Hans Van
Published: December 2020

Background The poor prognosis of advanced HCC and limited efficacy of current systemic treatments emphasize the need for new or combined targeted therapies. The development of HCC is a multistage process in which liver injury appears in a complex microenvironment associated with oxidative stress. NOX enzymes are the main source of ROS during hepatocarcinogenesis and NOX1 in particular has shown correlation with poor prognosis of HCC patients. This study evaluates the effect of pharmacological NOX1 inhibition on the development and progression of HCC and its effect on the tumor microenvironment.Methods The in vitro cytotoxic effects of the NOX1 inhibitor GKT771 (Genkyotex) on human Huh7 and Hep3B and murine Hepa1-6 HCC cell lines, the human THP1 monocyte cell line and mouse macrophages were evaluated via MTT, LDH activity and CaspGlo® assays. In order to induce in vivo HCC, male SV129 wild-type mice received weekly IP injections of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (35 mg/kg) for 20-25 weeks. Mice were treated with vehicle or GKT771 (30 mg/kg) via oral gavage, daily or twice daily, in preventive and therapeutic studies. The liver damage was evaluated for inflammation, angiogenesis, fibrosis and HCC development via histology, RT-qPCR, multiplex analyses and ROS levels. Results A concentration-dependent reduction in cellular activity of the human HCC cell lines without cytotoxicity was observed. GKT771 treatment reduced LPS-induced pro-inflammatory bone-marrow derived macrophage polarization. DEN injections resulted in 100% tumor formation and the induction of HCC markers which could be reduced by twice daily dosing of GKT771 at early onset of advanced HCC. DEN-induced HCC resulted in an upregulation of pro-inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrotic markers which was less pronounced in GKT771 treated mice in all treatment regimens. In line, liver fibrosis was induced in HCC mice and this to a lesser extend upon GKT771 treatment.Conclusion NOX1 inhibition showed to be safe and well tolerated and was able to attenuate the induction of a pro-inflammatory, angiogenic and pro-fibrotic microenvironment suggesting that this might be a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy in the treatment of advanced HCC.
High frequency jet ventilation through mask contribute to oxygen therapy among patients undergoing bronchoscopic intervention under deep sedation
Authors: Yang Mingyuan , Wang Bin , Hou Qingwu , Zhou Yunzhi , Li Na , Wang Hongwu , Li Lei , Cheng Qinghao
Published: December 2020

Background: High frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is an open ventilating technique to maintain ventilation for emergency or difficult airway. However, whether jet ventilation or conventional oxygen therapy (COT) is more effectively and safe in maintaining adequate oxygenation, is unclear among patients with airway stenosis during bronchoscopic intervention (BI) under deep sedation.Methods: A prospective randomized cohort study was conducted to compare HFJV with normal frequency jet ventilation (NFJV) and COT (high flow oxygen) in oxygen supplementation during BI under deep sedation from March 2020 to August 2020. Patients receiving BI under deep sedation were randomly divided into 3 parallel groups of 50 patients each: the COT group (fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 1.0, 12 L/min), the NFJV group (FiO2 of 1.0, driving pressure of 0.1MPa, and respiratory rate (RR) 15bpm) and the HFJV Group (FiO2 of 1.0, driving pressure of 0.1MPa, and RR of 1200bpm). Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean blood pressure and heart rate were recorded during the whole procedure. Arterial blood gas was examined and recorded 15 minutes after the procedure was initiated. The procedure duration, dose of anesthetics, and adverse events during BI in the three groups were also recorded.Results: A total of 161 patients were enrolled, with 11 patients excluded. The clinical characteristics were similar among the three groups. The PaO2 of the HFJV group was significantly higher than that of the COT and NFJV groups (P<0.001). PaO2 was significantly correlated with ventilation mode (P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.019) and procedure duration (P=0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that only BMI and procedure duration were independent influencing factors of arterial blood gas PaO2 (P=0.040 and P=0.002, respectively). The location of airway lesions and the severity of airway stenosis were not statistically correlated with PaCO2 and PaO2.Conclusions: HFJV could effectively and safely improve the intra-operative PaO2 among patients with airway stenosis during BI in deep sedation, and it did not increase the intra-operative PaCO2 and the risk of hypercapnia. The location of airway lesions and the severity of airway stenosis may not affect oxygenation maintenance during basic and some advanced BI.
Knowledge translation in Africa: Are the structures in place?
Authors: Asamani James Avoka , Nabyonga-Orem Juliet
Published: December 2020

Background: Contextualised evidence to generate local solutions on the progressive path to universal health coverage is essential. However, this evidence must be translated into action. Knowledge translation (KT) experts have highlighted plausible mechanisms to foster the uptake of evidence. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which structures are in place to boost uptake of evidence, in countries of the WHO African Region.Methods: Employing a cross-sectional survey, we collected data on the availability of structures to foster the uptake of evidence into policy in 35 out of the 47 member states of the WHO African region. Data were analysed using a simple counting of the presence or absence of such structures.Results: Less than half of the countries had evidence collation and synthesis mechanisms. The lack of such mechanisms presents a missed opportunity to identify comprehensive solutions that can respond to health sector challenges. Close to 50% of countries had KT platforms in place. However, the availability of these was in several forms, as an institution-based platform, as an annual event to disseminate evidence and as a series of conferences at the national level. In some countries, KT was mainstreamed into routine health sector performance review processes. Several challenges impacted the functionality of the KT platforms including, inadequate funding and lack of dedicated personnel. Regarding dissemination of evidence, sharing reports, scientific publications and one-off presentations in meetings were the main approaches employed.Conclusion: The availability of KT platforms in the WHO African countries can be described as suboptimal at best and non-existent at the worst. The current structures, where these exist, cannot adequately foster KT. Knowledge translation platforms need to be viewed as sector-wide platforms and mainstreamed in routine health sector performance reviews and policymaking processes. Funds for their functionality must be planned for as part of the health sector budget. Dissemination of evidence needs to be viewed differently to embrace the concept of “disseminate for impact”. Further, funding for dissemination activities needs to be planned for as part of the evidence generation plan.
Microbiological findings in early and late implant loss: an observational clinical cohort study
Authors: Korsch Michael , Prechtl Christopher , Marten Silke-Mareike , Stoll Dominic , Dötsch Andreas
Published: December 2020

BackgroundImplants are a predictable and well-established treatment method in dentistry. Nevertheless, early and late loss must be distinguished when examining possible failures of dental implants. The aim of the study was to report microbiological findings on the surface of implants with severe peri-implantitis, which had to be explanted.MethodsFifty-three specimens of implants from 48 patients without severe general illnesses were examined. The groups investigated were implants that had to be removed in the period of osseointegration (early loss, 13 patients with 14 implants) or after the healing period (late loss, 14 patients with 17 implants). Implant losses were compared with two control groups (implants with no bone loss directly after complete osseointegration, two to four months after implant placement (17 patients with 17 implants) and implants with no bone loss and prosthetic restoration for more than three years (5 patients with 5 implants)). Data for the bacteria located in the peri-implant sulcus were collected using amplification and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsThe biofilm composition differed substantially between individuals. In both early and late implant loss, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis were found to be abundant. Late-loss implants showed higher bacterial diversity and higher abundances of Treponema, Fretibacterium, Pseudoramibacter and Desulfobulbus, while microbial communities of early-loss implants were very heterogeneous and showed no significantly more abundant bacterial taxa.ConclusionsSpecific peri-implant pathogens were found around implants that were lost after a primarily uneventful osseointegration. P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum frequently colonized the implant in early and late losses and may therefore be a general characteristic of implant loss. The reasons for early losses seem to be multifactorial, with bacterial infection being one potential risk factor, while peri-implant infections are known to be a major risk among other aspects, such as overload or mechanical complications.
CircRNA_0000392 promotes colorectal cancer progression through the miR-193a-5p/PIK3R3/AKT axis
Authors: Xu Hanchen , Liu Yujing , Cheng Peiqiu , Wang Chunyan , Liu Yang , Zhou Wenjun , Xu Yangxian , Ji Guang
Published: December 2020

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), important members of the noncoding RNA family, have been recently revealed to play a role in the pathogenic progression of diseases, particularly in the malignant progression of cancer. With the application of high-throughput sequencing technology, a large number of circRNAs have been identified in tumor tissues, and some circRNAs have been demonstrated to act as oncogenes. In this study, we analyzed the circRNA expression profile in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and normal adjacent tissues by high-throughput sequencing. We focused on circRNA_0000392, a circRNA with significantly increased expression in CRCtissues, and further investigated its function in the progression of colorectal cancer.Methods: The expression profile of circRNAs in 6 pairs of CRC tissues and normal adjacent tissues was analyzed by RNA sequencing. We verified the identified differentially expressed circRNAs in additional samples by qRT-PCR and selected circRNA_0000392 to evaluate its associations with clinicopathological features. Then, we knocked down circRNA_0000392 in CRC cells and investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects using functional experiments. Dual luciferase and RNA pull-down assays were performed to further explore the downstream potential molecular mechanisms.Results: CircRNA_0000392 was significantly upregulated in CRC compared with normal adjacent tissues and cell lines. The expression level of circRNA_0000392 was positively correlated with the malignant progression of CRC. Functional studies revealed that reducing the expression of circRNA_0000392 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circRNA­_0000392 could act as a sponge of miR-193a-5p and regulate the expression of PIK3R3, affecting the activation of the AKT-mTOR pathway in CRC cells.Conclusions: CircRNA_0000392 functions as an oncogene through the miR-193a-5p/PIK3R3/Akt axis in CRC cells, suggesting that circRNA_0000392 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of colorectal cancer and a predictive marker for CRC patients.
Differential Effects of Chronic Immunosuppression on Behavioral, Epigenetic and Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Markers in 3xtg-AD Mice 
Authors: Kapadia Minesh , Mian Firoz M. , Ma Donglai , Hutton Craig P. , Azam Amber , Narkaj Klotilda , Cao Chuanhai , Brown Breanna , Michalski Bernadeta , Morgan David , Forsythe Paul , Zovkic Iva B. , Fahnestock Margaret , Sakic Boris
Published: December 2020

Background: Circulating autoantibodies and sex-dependent discrepancy in prevalence are unexplained phenomena of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using the 3xTg-AD mouse model, we reported that adult males show early manifestations of systemic autoimmunity, increased emotional reactivity, enhanced expression of the histone variant macroH2A1 in the cerebral cortex, and loss of plaque/tangle pathology. Conversely, adult females display less severe autoimmunity and retain their AD-like phenotype. This study examines the link between immunity and other traits of the current 3xTg-AD model. Methods: Young 3xTg-AD and wild-type mice drank a sucrose-laced 0.4 mg/ml solution of the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide on weekends for 5 months. After behavioral phenotyping at 2 and 6 months of age, we assessed organ mass, serologic markers of autoimmunity, molecular markers of early AD pathology and expression of genes associated with neurodegeneration. Results: Chronic immunosuppression prevented hematocrit drop and reduced soluble Aβ in 3xTg-AD males while normalizing the expression of histone variant macroH2A1 in 3xTg-AD females. This treatment also reduced hepatosplenomegaly, lowered autoantibody levels, and increased the effector T cell population while decreasing the proportion of regulatory T cells in both sexes. Exposure to cyclophosphamide, however, neither prevented reduced brain mass and BDNF expression nor normalized increased tau and anxiety-related behaviors. Conclusion: The results suggest that systemic autoimmunity increases soluble Aβ production and affects transcriptional regulation of macroH2A1 in a sex-related manner. Despite the complexity of multisystem interactions, 3xTg-AD mice can be a useful in vivo model for exploring the regulatory role of autoimmunity in the etiology of AD-like neurodegenerative disorders.
Non-timber forest products and climate change adaptation among forest dependent communities in Bamboko forest reserve, southwest region of Cameroon 
Authors: Nghogekeh Tieminie Robinson , Loh Chia Eugene , Chupezi Tieguhong Julius , Mayiadieh Nghobuoche Frankline , Mandiefe Piabuo Serge , Tieguhong Mamboh Rolland
Published: December 2020

Background: Forests are naturally endowed to combat climate change by protecting people and livelihoods as well as creating a base for sustainable economic and social development. But this natural mechanism is often hampered by anthropogenic activities. It is therefore imperative to take measures that are environmentally sustainable not only for mitigation but also for its adaptation. This study was carried out to assess the role of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as an adaptation strategy to cope with the impacts of climate change among forest-dependent communities around the Bamkoko Forest Reserve in the South West Region of Cameroon. Methods: Datasets were collected through household questionnaires (20% of the population in each village that constitute the study site was sample), participatory rural appraisal techniques, transect walks in the 4 corners of the Bamboko Forest Reserve with a square sample of 25 m2 x 25 m2 to identified and record NTFPs in the reserve ,and direct field observations. ).Excel version 2016 and SPSS pakage for social scientist was uesd. The results were used for the construction of tables. Results: A total of 18 plant species were identified as being harvested as Non Timber Forest Products by the residents around Bamkoko Forest Reserve. The majority of the respondents (88%) perceived that there has been a change in climate patterns due to increased temperatures and unpredictable rainfalls. Eru was the most affected NTFPs with a std deviation of 1.66799 and agricultural crops was the most livelihood by climate change around Bamboko Forest Reserve with a std deviation of 1.20459 and local population used more than one strategy to cope with these adverse effects Conclusions: The study concluded that with the increasing climate change effects on crop production and other livelihoods, non-timber forest products still play a safety net role to assist communities. The need to ensure sustainable harvesting, improved processing, and access to non-timber forest products markets cannot be over-emphasized.
Development and Validation of the Peptic Ulcer Scale under the System of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases based on Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory
Authors: wan chonghua , Chen Ying , Gao Li , Zhang Qingqing , Quan Peng , Sun Xiaoyuan
Published: December 2020

Background: Quality of life (QOL) for patients with Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is of interest worldwide and disease-specific instruments are needed for clinical research and practice. This paper focus on the development and validation of the PUD scale under the system of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases (QLICD-PU) by the modular approach and both classical test theory and Generalizability Theory. Methods: The QLICD-PU is developed based on programmatic decision-making procedures, including multiple nominal and focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and quantitative statistical procedures. Based on the data of 153 PUD inpatients, correlation analysis, factor analysis, t-test, and Generalizability Theory analysis (including generalizability study and decision study, ie. G-study and D-study) were used to assess the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the scale. Results: When the popular scale health survey short form (SF-36) was used as the standard, correlation and factor analysis confirmed good construct validity and criterion-related validity of QLICD-PU. Except for the social domain (0.62), the internal consistency α of all domains is higher than 0.70. The overall score and the test-retest reliability coefficients (Pearson r and intra-class correlation ICC) in all domains are higher than 0.80 (0.77 in the social domain). After treatments, the overall score and scores of all domains have statistically significant changes (P <0.01), except for social impact and sexual function scores. The SRM (Standardized response mean) of domain-level scores ranges from 0.34 to 1.03. The G coefficient and reliability index (Ф coefficient) further confirm the reliability of the scale through more accurate variance components and decision-making information about changes in the number of items. Conclusions: The QLICD-PU can be used as a useful measurement to assess the quality of life of PUD patients with good psychometric characteristics and multiple advantages.
Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Xu Yinglei , Wei Chunlian , Wu Cuijiao , Han Mengmeng , Wang Jingli , Hou Huabin , Zhang Lu , Liu Shiguo , Chen Ying
Published: December 2020

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-specific carbohydrate intolerance Which can cause a large number of perinatal and postpartum complications. The members of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily play key roles in the homeostasis of pancreatic β-cell and may involve in the development of GDM. This study aimed to explore the association between the polymorphisms of TGF-β1, TGF-β3 and the risk to GDM in Chinese women.Methods: This study included 919 GDM patients (464 with preeclampsia and 455 without preeclampsia) and 1177 healthy pregnant women. TaqMan allelic discrimination real-Time PCR was used to genotype the TGF-β1 (rs4803455) and TGF-β3 (rs2284792 and rs3917201), The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by chi-square test.Results: An increased frequency of TGF-β3 rs2284792 AA and AG genotype carriers was founded in GDM patients (AA vs. AG+GG: χ²=6.314, P=0.012, OR=1.270, 95%CI 1.054-1.530; AG vs. GG+AA: χ²=8.545, P=0.003, OR=0.773, 95%CI 0.650-0.919). But there were no significant differences in the distribution of TGF-β1 rs4803455 and TGF-β3 rs3917201 between GDM and healthy women. In addition, no significant differences were found in allele and genotype frequencies among GDM patients with preeclampsia (PE).Conclusions: The AA and AG genotype of TGF-β3 rs2284792 polymorphism may be significantly associated with increased risk of GDM in Chinese population.
Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19
Authors: Adams Elizabeth , Smith Danyel , Caccavale Laura J , Bean Melanie K
Published: December 2020

Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused numerous unexpected challenges for many families, and these long-lasting demands likely contribute to higher stress for parents. The aim of this study was to describe changes in parent stress longitudinally from before (retrospective) to two timepoints during COVID-19. Stressors that influenced parenting and strategies to manage parenting difficulties at each timepoint during COVID-19 are also described.Methods: Parents (N=433; 95% female) in the US with >1 child aged 5-18 years completed an online survey in May 2020 (T1; at the peak of stay-at-home mandates) and in September 2020 (T2; children’s return to school). Surveys included the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and questions on parenting-specific stress, stressors that influenced parenting, and strategies to manage parenting difficulties during COVID-19. Retrospective report of pre-COVID-19 stress was assessed at T1; current stress was assessed at T1 and T2. Repeated measures analysis of variance examined changes in stress over time.Results: Parent’s stress increased from before COVID-19 to T1 (PSS score: 16.3±5.7 to 22.0±6.4, respectively; p<0.01), and decreased by T2 (19.2±6.0), but remained elevated above pre-COVID-19 values (p<0.01). Most parents (71.1%) reported an increase parenting-specific stress from before COVID-19 to T1, which continued to increase for 55% of parents at T2. Common stressors that impacted parenting during COVID-19 were changes in children’s routines, worry about COVID-19, and online schooling demands. Common strategies parents used to manage parenting difficulties included doing family activities together, keeping in touch with family/friends virtually, and keeping children on daily routines. Conclusions: Parent stress increased substantially during COVID-19 and has not returned to pre-COVID-19 levels, suggesting the need for enhanced mental health resources and supports. Public health interventions should address parenting-specific stressors and effective strategies for managing parenting difficulties to mitigate their deleterious impact.
Elucidation of molecular and hormonal background of early growth cessation and endodormancy induction in two contrasting Populus hybrid cultivars
Authors: Boldizsár Ákos , Soltész Alexandra , Tanino Karen , Kalapos Balázs , Marozsán-Tóth Zsuzsa , Monostori István , Dobrev Petre I , Vankova Radomira , Galiba Gábor
Published: December 2020

BackgroundOver the life cycle of perennial trees, the dormant state enables the avoidance of abiotic stress conditions. The growth cycle can be partitioned into induction, maintenance and release and is controlled by complex interactions between many endogenous and environmental factors. While phytohormones have long been linked with dormancy, there is increasing evidence of regulation by DAM and CBF genes. To reveal whether the expression kinetics of CBFs and their target PtDAM1 is related to growth cessation and endodormancy induction in Populus, two hybrid poplar cultivars were studied which had known differential responses to dormancy inducing conditions.ResultsGrowth cessation, dormancy status and expression of six PtCBFs and PtDAM1 were analyzed. The ‘Okanese’ hybrid cultivar ceased growth rapidly, was able to reach endodormancy, and exhibited a significant increase of several PtCBF transcripts in the buds on the 10th day. The ‘Walker’ cultivar had delayed growth cessation, was unable to enter endodormancy, and showed much lower CBF expression in buds. Expression of PtDAM1 peaked on the 10th day only in the buds of ‘Okanese’. In addition, PtDAM1 was not expressed in the leaves of either cultivar while leaf CBFs expression pattern was several fold higher in ‘Walker’, peaking at day 1. Leaf phytohormones in both cultivars followed similar profiles during growth cessation but differentiated based on cytokinins which were largely reduced, while the Ox-IAA and iP7G increased in ‘Okanese’ compared to ‘Walker’. Surprisingly, ABA concentration was reduced in leaves of both cultivars. However, the metabolic deactivation product of ABA, phaseic acid, exhibited an early peak on the first day in ‘Okanese’.ConclusionsOur results indicate that PtCBFs and PtDAM1 have differential kinetics and spatial localization which may be related to early growth cessation and endodormancy induction under the regime of low night temperature and short photoperiod in poplar. Unlike buds, PtCBFs and PtDAM1 expression levels in leaves were not associated with early growth cessation and dormancy induction under these conditions. Our study provides new evidence that the degradation of auxin and cytokinins in leaves may be an important regulatory point in a CBF-DAM induced endodormancy. Further investigation of other PtDAMs in bud tissue and a study of both growth-inhibiting and the degradation of growth-promoting phytohormones is warranted.
Tipos de condução do maracujazeiro amarelo e suas influências sobre as características produtivas
Authors: Celestrino Renan Borro , Cavichioli Jose Carlos , Luppi Vítor Antônio dos  Santos , Vitorino Rodrigo Aparecido , Contiero Leandro Aparecido Fogagnoli
Published: December 2020

O maracujazeiro possui crescimento contínuo e indeterminado,  necessitando de condução para melhor distribuição dos ramos nas estruturas de sustentação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biometria e os parâmetros produtivos do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims) enxertado em resposta a diferentes tipos de condução dos ramos secundários. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido no município de Pracinha, SP, no período de maio de 2016 a abril de 2017, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se dos seguintes tipos de condução dos ramos secundários: T1 – poda do ramo principal conduzindo um ramo secundário lateral; T2 – poda do ramo principal conduzindo dois ramos secundários laterais; T3 – ramo principal dobrado conduzindo um ramo secundário lateral; T4 – ramo principal dobrado conduzindo dois ramos secundários laterais. Avaliaram-se o comprimento dos ramos secundários, o número de ramos terciários, o comprimento, diâmetro e massa dos frutos, o número de frutos por planta e a produtividade. Não houve diferenças significativas para número de ramos terciários, comprimento, diâmetro e massa de frutos. Verificou-se que o número de frutos por planta e a produtividade do maracujazeiro amarelo são influenciados pelo tipo de condução dos ramos secundários que não altera as características físicas dos frutos. Dobrar o ramo principal conduzindo dois ramos laterais favorecem o desenvolvimento e a produção do maracujazeiro-amarelo.
ASSESSMENT OF AGRO-STUDIES INTERNSHIP PROGRAM AT THE LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Research Assistant, Agricultural Education Department Â– College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines 4019., Adrian C. Ganibo John , N. Olayta Jayson ,   Instructor I, Agricultural Sciences Department, Â– College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines 4019.
Published: December 2020

Internship is a great opportunity to gain experience in the actual field practice, improving oneself, building acquittances with other that will provide opportunities for employment and a possibility to land a job after graduation. The purpose of the study is to assess the the Agro-Studies Program in the case of Laguna State Polytechnic University in relation to its effect on socio-economic status of the graduates, employability, personal and professional growth and job satisfaction. On the test of variables undertaken using Minitab software, data revealed that a significant finding were shown. The Agro-studies as international internship program for agriculture students provides great factor in job seeking which is advantage to the students undergo the program.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO FIND OUT THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) CORRELATION WITH NEONATAL SEPSIS MORTALITY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department Of Pediatrics, Saraswathi Institute Of Medical Sciences, Hapur., Ibad Khan Sana , Navaney Hiru ,   Associate Professor, Department Of Pediatrics, Saraswathi Institute Of Medical Sciences, Hapur.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: In developing countries like India neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality . Red cell distribution width (RDW) reflect the degree of inflammation and oxidative stress .As RDW is a readily available pramater and recent studies found that it can taken as a marker of mortality in critical patients 1,2,.However, its role in neonates remains unexplored. Hence, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the association of RDW with neonatal sepsis and its role as a predictive marker for outcome in neonatal sepsis.3, 5 Aims And Objectives: To find out the predictive value of RDW in relation to neonatal sepsis. Materials And Method: Prospective observational study was carried out in a NICU of Saraswathi Institute Of Medical Sciences for a period of 1 year. RDW values of septic neonates are compared with controls .A total of 50 septic neonates and 50 controls were enrolled of same gestational age and weight.RDW values are arranged as above 50th percentile and below 50th percentile. The outcomes of two groups are assessed in relation with RDW. Result And Conclusion: RDW levels were higher among septic neonates as compared to controls with p value of <.001.High RDW is associated with neonatal sepsis and it can take as a marker for mortality associated with neonatal sepsis.
ANALYSIS PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOR OF LECTURES IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC BASED ON UNIFIED THEORY OF ASSESS THE FACULTY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY (UTAUT)
Authors:   STIKes Nurul Hasanah Kutacane., a Yusnaini , Saragih Sontina ,   Akper Columbia Asia Medan.
Published: December 2020

Government policies limiting personal contact for the sake of controlling the Covid-19 infection have led to reduced accessibility of face-to-face teaching and learning. This condition indicates a disturbance in the learning process. This study aimed to analyze the perceptions and behavior of lecturers in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic based on the Unified Theory of Assess The Faculty Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT). This research is a descriptive correlational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach involving 53 lecturers from Aceh and Medan private universities. UTAUT questionnaire used in data collection. Results showed that there is a relationship between performance expectancy and social influences with lecturers perceptions of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic with each p-value (0.002 and 0.005), there is a relationship between facility condition and behavioral intention with lecturers behavior in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic with p-value (0.015 and 0.000). However, there is not relationship between effort expectancy and lecturers perceptions of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic (p-value 0.179). Lecturers can carry out online learning optimally if it is supported by perceptions and adequate facilities for online learning to take place according to competency achievements. Researchers suggest to higher education leaders to provide adequate digital facilities and development of lecturer resources according to the digital era 4.0 and online learning system training.
CONTUSIONS OCULAIRE A GLOBE FERME CHEZ LENFANT: ETUDE RETROSPECTIVE A PROPOS DE 153 CAS. CLOSED GLOBE CONTUSIONS IN CHILDREN: RESTROSPECTIVE STUDY ABOUT 153 CASES
Authors:   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat., Jouidi Wafae , Naya Kaoutar ,   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat., Hnich Hajar ,   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat., Nyinkoaboughe Helene ,   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat., Abdellah Elhassan ,   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat., Berraho Amina ,   Ophthalmology B. Department CHU Avicenne of Rabat, Morocco. Mohammed V. University of Rabat.
Published: December 2020

Ocular trauma in children is a common cause of ocularmorbiditydespite introduction of new methods of treatment and improvement of management, and is a leading cause of non-congenitalunilateralblindness in thisage group [1,2] . Children are atrisk of ocular trauma because of theirinability to avoidhazards [3]. Most of thesehazards are foundwhile children play, or are at home. Identifying the causes of ocular injuries may help in determining the effective methods in reducing the incidence of seriousocular traumas. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differentepidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this affection in order to establishbetter management. This isaretrospective study of 153 patients withcomplicatedocular trauma, admitted to the OphthalmologyDepartment of the RabatUniversityHospital over a period of 36months. The averageage of the children was5,8years (3-15 years) with male predominance (sex ratio=2,1). The dominant mechanismwasdomestic accidents, especiallyby projection of bluntobjects (59,5% of cases). Ophthalmologicalexaminationfound initial visualacuitylessthan 5/10 in84,3% of cases. The lesions of the anterior segment dominated by hyphema (60,1%),subconjunctivalhemorrhage(56,9%), corneal abrasion (48,4%), high ocular pressure (34,6%) and posttraumaticcataract (33,3%). Posterior segment injurywasassociatedin 27.4% of cases . If not managedsufficientlyearly and appropriate, theselesionsmay cause definitive partial loss of vision or blindness . The establishment of effective awareness and prevention programs is essential to reducetheirfrequency and severity.