bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Новый взгляд на старую крепость: использование данных дистанционного зондирования для изучения фортификационных сооружений Тувы
Authors: Водясов Евгений Вячеславович , Зайцева Ольга Викторовна
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена возможностям использования данных дистанционного зондирования для изучения фортификационных сооружений Тувы на примере крепости Шагонар–III (Улуг-Хемский район). Выполненная нами в 2020 г. аэрофотосъемка с помощью БПЛА Phantom 4 Pro и последующая обработка данных позволили существенно скорректировать старые измерения крепости.
Как показало сравнение с предыдущими археологическими описаниями Л. Р. Кызласова, размер и площадь крепости и внутренней цитадели, количество оборонительных башен и рвов были измерены не точно. Подобная картина характерна и для соседней крепости Шагонар–IV. Поиск аналогичной Шагонару–III квадратной крепости с внутренней цитаделью привел к монгольским фортам киданьской империи Ляо, существовавшей в 907–1125 гг. Не исключено, что существующая датировка крепости Шагонар–III периодом Уйгурского каганата может быть не верна.
В статье поднимается вопрос о перспективах проведения аэрофотосъемки и построения трехмерных моделей других крепостей Тувы, поскольку и там, вероятно, ожидаются существенные расхождения с имеющимися данными об их размерах и архитектурных особенностях. Также сделан вывод о давно назревшей необходимости новых исследований, направленные на установление абсолютной хронологии тувинских городищ-крепостей.
Этнический потенциал Республики Тува в сценариях государственной политики
Authors: Михалев Максим Сергеевич
Published: June 2022

Приграничные районы соседних стран часто формируют трансграничное единство. Оно обладает особым социальным, культурным и политическим ресурсом, иногда принимающим форму этнического потенциала в том случае, если по обе стороны границы проживают трансграничные или схожие по своей культуре народы. Несмотря на то, что приграничье является предметом научных исследований уже довольно давно, роль этнического фактора в его формировании и функционировании редко становится предметом специального интереса. В данной статье выявляется и описывается этнический потенциал Республики Тува Российской Федерации, расположенной на границе с Монголией и при этом связанной историческими узами с Китаем.

Анализируются текущие практики использования этого потенциала. Обнаруживается парадокс, заключающийся в том, что значительный этнический потенциал Тувы до настоящего времени практически не используется государством. Делается предположение: так происходит потому, что отличие пограничья от центра многими до сих пор воспринимается как угроза. В свою очередь, это препятствует принятию культурной непохожести его населения.

Дается комплекс рекомендаций по эффективному вовлечению этнокультурного, этносоциального и этнополитического потенциала населения Республики Тува в единое культурное, политическое и социальное пространство страны.
Оценка социально-экономического положения региона через призму этнической идентичности (по материалам социологического исследования в Республике Дагестан в 2020 г.)
Authors: Зарипов Айрат Янсурович , Гусейнов Абдурахман Гаджиевич , Малучиев Гаджи Сафижуллаевич
Published: June 2022

В статье анализируются результаты социологического опроса населения Республики Дагестан, проведенного в 2020 г. по итогам самоощущения населением социально-экономической ситуации в пандемийный период. Особый интерес представлял анализ мнений представителей основных этносов региона.  Обобщены субъективные оценки населением своего экономического положения, семьи, условий достижения экономического успеха, возможностей для обеспечения работой, состояния медицинского обслуживания, так и в специфической этнической оценке аспектов бытия, выразившихся в мнениях представителей разных этносов об имеющихся экономических и социальных проблем, условиях и возможностях при реализации национальных языков в процессе получения образования, коммуникации, медицинского обслуживания, особенностях проявления этнического самосознания населения и этнической идентификации в кризисных ситуациях.

Выяснилось, что не все представители этносов оказались в одинаковом положении. Например, у аварцев, даргинцев, кумыков, которые и до пандемии занимали относительно доминирующее положение в общественной, экономической, политической сферах, позиции практически не изменились. У представителей малочисленных народов (русских, азербайджанцев) экономическое положение ухудшилось: возникли проблемы с трудовой занятостью, сложностями при устройстве на вакантные места по своей профессии или в соответствии со своей квалификацией, что привело к снижению уровня жизни и социального самочувствия.

Общая социально-экономическая ситуация в регионе самими жителями оценивается как не совсем удовлетворительная. Несмотря на то, что десятая часть опрошенных дагестанцев считает, что жители республики живут лучше, чем в других регионах России, а пятая часть уверена, что здесь жизнь хуже, чем в целом по РФ, почти 70% считают, что жизнь в РД такая же, как и в других районах РФ.
Экологическая ситуация в современной Калмыкии: междисциплинарный анализ
Authors: Намруева Людмила Васильевна
Published: June 2022

В статье анализируются наиболее острые экологические проблемы Республики Калмыкия: деградация почвы, опустынивание, засухи, суховеи. Они не только ухудшают экологическую ситуацию в республике, которая является самым засушливым российским регионом, но и негативно сказываются на жизнедеятельности регионального сообщества. Анализ основан на систематизации научных исследований, материалов официальных документов республиканских властей, интервью экспертов, проведенных автором в 2021 г.

Автор отмечает, что не соблюдение правил разумного пользования природными ресурсами приводит к их истощению, деградации пастбищных угодий. Аграрно-промышленный комплекс Калмыкии сильно зависит от природно-климатических факторов: один благополучный год чередуется с двумя-тремя неблагополучными. А 2020 г. стал самым засушливым годом, который принес огромные потери аграрной отрасли.

Состояние почв аридной зоны, отсутствие надежных водных ресурсов, учащение таких нежелательных явлений как пыльные бури, суховеи, усугубляющие засушливость климата, вызывают сильнейшую обеспокоенность республиканского сообщества.
Проблемы развития геокультурного брендинга в Туве и Башкортостане
Authors: Галия Ризвановна Гарипова , Екатерина Александровна Богдан
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматриваются проблемы геокультурного брендинга объектов геокультурного значения: природных и культурных охраняемых территорий (заповедников, парков, биосферных заповедников, геопарков и пр.) Тувы и Башкортостана. Источниковой базой исследования выступили официальные документы регионов, контент сайтов, а также данные мониторинга общественного мнения относительно осведомленности о зонах отдыха, рекреации, санаторного лечения.

Предложения в сфере туризма в обоих республиках схожи, присутствуют варианты экотуризма, этнотуризма и геотуризма. Очевидна связь развития туристического потенциала с разработкой концепции социально-экономического развития региона. Органы регионального управления активно участвуют в оформлении статуса туристическо-рекреационных зон.

Очевидна проблема информационной закрытости, низкой осведомленности потенциальных потребителей — жителей региона и туристов из других регионов и стран о геокультурных особенностях и перспективах развития туризма в регионах. Это показывают результаты опроса населения. При этом научно-исследовательский интерес к перспективам развития туризма в Башкортостане явно больше.

Рассмотренные логотипы и образы ряда объектов (в Туве — биосферного заповедника «Убсунурская котловина», природного парка «Тыва», этнокультурного комплекса «Алдын-Булак»; в Башкортостане — геопарка «Янган-Тау», биосферного заповедника «Шульган-Таш», биосферного резервата «Башкирский Урал») отражают общую цель объектов геокультурного брендинга — сохранение и продвижение уникального геокультурного наследия (ландшафта, флоры и фауны, культурных памятников). Но есть проблема в использовании этого важного компонента в продвижении туристических услуг.

Такой инструмент как продвижение уникального предложения используется в регионах, но недостаточно.
Platelet-rich derivatives for accelerating the rate of orthodontic tooth movement - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Katyal Deepika , George Ashwin Mathew , Jain Ravindra Kumar , Balasubramaniam Arthi , Srirengalakshmi M. , Vaid Nikhilesh R.
Published: June 2022

Objective:

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to report on the effects of using platelet-rich derivatives on the rate of tooth movement.

Material and Methods:

Both electronic and manual searches were performed with specific eligibility criteria based on population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design. Risk of bias (RoB) assessment was done using the Cochrane RoB tool 2, the data were pooled and analyzed using review manager 4.5, and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection, data extraction, and analysis. Nine studies were included for qualitative analysis and two of them were subjected to meta-analysis.

Results:

The standard mean difference for the rate of canine distal movement with platelet-rich derivatives was not significantly higher than controls at any of the time intervals (P > 0.0001). Rotation of canines, molar mesialization, and pain scores were not affected by the administration of platelet-rich derivatives for accelerating tooth movement. A moderate to high RoB was noted in the included studies and the certainty of the available evidence as assessed by the GRADE approach was moderate.

Conclusion:

The included studies presented with high heterogeneity and more high-quality studies with strict protocols are needed. Even though individual studies report significant acceleration of tooth movement following administration of PR derivatives, moderate certainty of evidence suggests no acceleratory effect on tooth movement.
Cyberbullying pada Kolom Komentar Tiktok @Denise_Cariesta dan Implementasinya sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Annissa Nurul Huda Fitri , Dewi Kusumaningsih  , Titik Sudiatmi
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to describe cyberbullying actions carried out by users in @denisecariesta TikTok's comment column and its implementation as a learning media. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method with data sources in the form of words and sentences in @DeniseCharista TikTok's comment column. Data were collected using documentation, reading, and note-taking techniques, which were then analyzed using the Analysis Interactive Model from Miles and Huberman. The results obtained from this study are many users who abuse one by using the comment column as a booth to carry out cyberbullying, which can harm other parties. The research result reveals that six forms of cyberbullying were found in @denisecariesta TikTok's comment column. Further, TikTok can be an alternative medium for learning literature and language in schools, especially at the senior high school level.
Gaya Bahasa dalam Cerpen Pilihan Kompas 2018 “Doa Yang Terapung” dan Pemanfataannya dalam Pembelajaran Prosa Fiksi di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Nur Rohmah Sari , Rakhmawati Ani , Wardani Nugraheni Eko
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe and explain the use of language style in two short stories "Aroma Doa Bilal Jawad" and "Kapotjes and Batu Terapung" in Kompas Choice Short Story 2018 "Floating Prayer". The results of language style analysis in both short stories are also intended to find out its relevance as a teaching material of fictional prose for high school students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Taking research subjects using purposive sampling technique. The data validity test used source triangulation and theory triangulation. This study uses flow data analysis techniques (flow model of analysis). The results showed that there were 12 types of language style with the frequency of data use in the two short stories as many as 54 data. Mesodiplosys and anaphora were the most dominant styles used, with percentages of 22.2% and 20.37%. Anadiplosys style, metonimies style, and hyperbolic language style are the least used language styles, with a percentage of 1%. The results of the analysis concluded that the Kompas 2018 Choice of Short Story Collection (Floating Prayer), especially in the short story titled "Aroma Doa Bilal Jawad", and "Kapotjes and Batu Yang Terapung" are said to be relevant and can be used as literary learning materials in grade XI high school students
Struktur Teks Mantra Pengobatan Masyarakat Melayu di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Piliang Wilda Srihastuty Handayani , Ningsih Rika , Fatmawati
Published: June 2022

This research was motivated by efforts to preserve mantras as part of oral literature. Although the treatment spell still exists in Kuantan Singingi district, it does not rule out the possibility that the spell can be extinct in people's lives someday. This study aimed to analyze the language of medication mantras in Kuantan Singingi district through diction, figurative language, and imagery with qualitative descriptive research. Data was collected through field observation techniques, library studies, interviews, and data recording with two shamans who are heirs as a source of data. The mantra in this study was limited to only the mantra of medication in Kuantan Singingi district, namely spells for ubek togak mato, ubek gombung, ubek katoguran, ubek batuak parangan, ubek kuyang, ubek poruik sakik twisted and babunyi, ubek antu aiar, ubek biring.  Based on the study's results, it can be known that the diction in the medication spell has a forming structure in the form of the opening, core, and cover parts. All spell diction in the opening part always begins with Bismillahirrahmanirrahim and closes with Laa Ilaha Illallah. The core section contains tabiks, reverences, or supplications; statement or confession; exclamation; orders, prohibitions, or statements of intent; and oaths and punishments. Figurative language in the mantras of medication were metaphors, personifications, epithets, and antonomasia. Imagery in the mantras of medication was the imagery of vision, hearing, touch, and motion.
Pemanfaatan Hyperlink untuk Multimedia Presentasi pada Pembelajaran Teks Anekdot
Authors: Charlina Charlina , Rasdana Oki
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to provide an alternative multimedia option for learning anecdotal texts that are easy and cheap for teachers and interesting and memorable for students. Teachers get many choices in multimedia learning media, which are certainly the most in-demand by students in schools. This case is especially for learning anecdotal texts that have not yet developed. The research method used the development of Rusman, Dedi, and Cepi Microsoft PowerPoint. Researchers used observational data collection techniques, interviews, and documentation. The spiral techniques were employed to analyze the data. The validation results from 3 experts consisting of lecturers, teachers, and computer experts were obtained by 82% and 39 students by 84%. These results indicate that the product is feasible after development.
Endothelial dysfunction, platelet aggregation and blood rheological properties in tobacco smokers.
Authors: Ройтман Е.В. , Раскуражев А.А. , Лагода О.В. , Мазур А.С. , Танашян М.М.
Published: June 2022

Представленный обзор показывает, что продукты табачного дыма, в первую очередь смолы, поражают эндотелий сосудов через механизмы воспаления, свободнорадикального стресса, оказывают влияние на эластические свойства сосудистой стенки и вазорегулирующую активность. Табакокурение (ТК) является клинически значимым фактором, повышающим концентрацию фибриногена, а также агрегационную активность тромбоцитов в сочетании со снижением их чувствительности к антиагрегантным препаратам. Помимо этого, ТК ведет к повышению прочности сгустка, увеличению вязкости крови, сопровождающейся более высокими значениями напряжения сдвига, и росту сосудистого сопротивления, а также ухудшению деформабельности эритроцитов. Как следствие, у курильщиков фактически в полной мере реализуются все составляющие триады Вирхова, отражающие усиление локальной и системной тромбогенности. Поскольку ТК остается значимой проблемой для системы здравоохранения в Российской Федерации, то уменьшение риска тромбозов и других сосудистых катастроф вследствие ТК предлагается рассматривать как одну из составляющих комплекса психологических и фармакологических мер, направленных на снижение потребления табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции. При этом сам успех применения подобного комплекса видится как результат гибкого использования различных методов убеждения, воздействия и сбалансированного на основе «польза – риск» применения разных способов, уменьшающих никотиновую зависимость и тягу к ТК, но при этом без формирования атмосферы стресса и условий, предрасполагающих к социальным противоречиям.

The presented review shows that tobacco burn products affect vascular endothelium through inflammation and free radical stress; they worsen elastic properties of vascular wall and vasoregulatory activity. Tobacco smoking (TS) has clinical significance as a factor that increases fibrinogen, as well as platelet aggregation together with a decrease in platelet sensitivity to antiplatelet agents. In addition, TS increases blood clot strength and whole blood viscosity performed higher shear stress and raised vascular resistance, as well as lower RBC deformability. As a result, smokers perform full Virchow’s triad reflecting increased both local and systemic thrombogenicity. Since TS remains meaning problem for the healthcare system in Russian Federation, then reducing thrombosis risk and other vascular catastrophes due to tobacco smoking is proposed to be considered as one of the components within a complex of psychological and pharmacological measures aimed at reducing the consumption of tobacco- and nicotine-containing products. At the same time, the very success of application this complex seen as a result of flexible use of prohibitions, beliefs and various ways to reduce nicotine addiction in order not to develop an atmosphere of stress.
Using genetic algorithms to systematically improve the synthesis conditions of Al-PMOF
Authors: P. Domingues Nency , Moosavi Seyed Mohamad , Talirz Leopold , P. Ireland Christopher , Ebrahim Fatmah Mish , Smit Berend
Published: June 2022

The synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is often complex and the desired structure is not always obtained. In this work, we report a methodology that uses a joint machine learning and experimental approach to obtain the optimal synthesis of a MOF. A synthetic conditions finder was used to derive the experimental protocols and a microwave based high-throughput robotic platform was used for the synthesis of Al-PMOF ([H2TCPP[AlOH]2(DMF3(H2O)2)]). Al-PMOF was previously synthesized using a hydrothermal reaction, which gave a low throughput yield due to its relatively long reaction time (16 hours). In this work, we carried out a systematic search for the optimal reaction conditions using a microwave assisted reaction synthesis. For this search we used a genetic algorithm and we show that already in the 2nd generation we obtained conditions that give excellent crystallinity and yield close to 80% in much shorter reaction time (50 minutes). In addition, by analysing the failed and partly successful experiments, we could identify the most important experimental variables that determine the crystallinity and yield.
Base-free, simple and scalable synthesis of new, air- and moisture-stable [RuIII(PyNHCR)(Cl)3(H2O)] complexes as precursors for Ru(II)-PyNHC complexes
Authors: Shahid Nida , Singh Rahul Kumar , Srivastava Navdeep , Singh Amrendra K.
Published: June 2022

A series of Ru(III)-PyNHC complexes, identified as [RuIII(PyNHCR)(Cl)3(H2O)] (1ac), have been prepared following a base-free route. The structurally simple, air and moisture stable complexes represent rare examples of Ru(III)-NHC complexes. Further, these benchtop stable Ru(III)-PyNHC complexes were shown to be excellent metal precursors for the synthesis of new [RuII(PyNHCR)(Cl)2(PPh3)2] (2a-c) and [RuII(PyNHCR)(CNCMe)I]PF6 (3a-c) pincer complexes. All the complexes have been characterised using spectroscopic methods, and structures of 1a, 1b, 2c and 3a have been determined using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique.
The problem of identification and correction of micro- and macronutrients deficiency after bariatric surgery: A review
Authors: Salukhov Vladimir V. , Kovalevskaya Elena A. , Sardinov Ruslan T.
Published: June 2022

Surgical treatment of obesity is one of the most effective ways to reduce and maintain body weight for a long time. Depending on the type of operation, patients with different frequency develop malabsorption syndrome. As a result, in individuals who have received this type of medical care, at different times after bariatric surgery, micro and macronutrient deficiencies may be detected. Therefore, the long-term safety of this treatment method is associated with the correction of vitamin and trace element deficiencies both before and after bariatric intervention. This review highlights the most common deficiencies that are found in obese patients, as well as methods for their diagnosis and treatment.
An Opponent of al-Dawwānī: Abū Isḥāq al-Nayrīzī and his Risāla fī taḥqīq ḥaqīqat al-ʿilm
Authors: KORKMAZ Hasan
Published: June 2022

This article investigates the life and works of the itinerant philosopher Abū Isḥāq al-Nayrīzī (died after 895/1489). It offers a critical edition and analysis of his Risāla fī taḥqīq ḥaqīqat al-ʿilm, which he presented to Sultan Mehmet II. Nayrīzī’s work documents his travels to acquire knowledge, which took him from Shiraz to Istanbul, Istanbul to Tabriz, and Tabriz to Karabakh between 877/1472 and 895/1489. Throughout his travels, Nayrīzī studied in the most important political and scholarly centers of his age. Nayrīzī, however, is best known for his opposition to the famous theologian and philosopher Jalāl al-Dīn al-Dawwānī (d. 908/1503). The analysis of this dispute not only uncovers new information about Nayrīzī’s life, but also elucidates his scholarship. The disagreement between Nayrīzī and Dawwānī started with Dawwānī’s reply to Nayrīzī’s al-Risāla al-ḥarfiyya in Shiraz in 1472, written upon the request of Sultan Khalīl. After arriving in Istanbul from Shiraz, Nayrīzī presented at least two treatises to Sultan Mehmet II, in which he criticized famous scholars of the period, including Mollā Khusraw (d. 885/1480), Sinān Pasha (d. 891/1486), Hocazāde (d. 893/1488), Khaṭībzāde (d. 901/1495), and ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn al-Fanārī (d. circa 903/1497). Nayrīzī’s second dispute with Dawwānī took place in the presence of Sultan Yaʿqūb, when Nayrīzī returned to Tabriz from Istanbul. Nayrīzī was defeated in the debate and left to Karabakh. His third dispute with Dawwānī took place over Nayrīzī’s al-Risāla al-qalamiyya, written in 1489 in Karabakh and dedicated to Sultan Bāyazīd II, which provides a personal and scholarly portrait of Dawwānī with a pen-oriented literary narrative. In response, Dawwānī portrays Nayrīzī in a similar way. In qalamiyya works, there are both bitter and sweet criticisms that go beyond philosophical critiques to include personal ones. Therefore, the double-layered literary and biographical content of the qalamiyya treatises provide new information regarding the scholarly atmosphere of the period.
Theory of Quiddity Preparedness by Ibn ‘Arabī and its Relation to the Negation of Determinism of Servants
Authors: ŞEYHHASAN Münzir
Published: June 2022

The issue of servants’ acts is one of the most controversial issues in Islamic thought and helped to sharpen the characteristics and differences between theological schools, mainly due to its relation to taklīf and servants’ responsibility. Therefore, understandings of this issue revealed differences in understandings of divine justice and wisdom, as well as in interpretations of fate and destiny.

One of the noteworthy theories is that of Ibn ‘Arabī (d. 638/1240) and his followers, who attempted to establish responsibility and negate the determinism of servants through al-a‘yān al-thābita (fixed entities) and ʻadam maj‘ūliyat al-mahiya (un-createdness of quiddities). They also focused on the construction of fate and destiny in accordance with this theory and considered such construction to constitute “the secret of destiny” and “the absolute proof” of God over the peoples.

While studying the servants’ acts and the extent of their freedom of choice, we must deal with the issue of fate and destiny, as nothing in this universe is beyond fate and destiny. Human beings and their voluntary acts are no more than a part of this fate. We, therefore, first set out to understand the meaning of fate and destiny as understood by Ibn Arabi in this article. Then, we clarify the meaning of al-a‘yān al-thābita. Next, we detail the issue of createdness of quiddities; as the universal entities are no more than realities and quiddities, we then tackle the issue of preparedness of quiddity and its relation to the establishment of the servant’s freedom and the negation of determinism. Finally, we explore criticisms of this theory and try to present an objective evaluation of opinions on the issue.
Çağdaş Batı Literatüründe Kur’an Metnine Yaklaşımlar -Metin Bütünlüğü Arayışları-
Authors: ÜNSAL Hadiye
Published: June 2022

Ersin Kabakcı’nın Çağdaş Batı Literatüründe Kur’an Metnine Yaklaşımlar -Metin Bütünlüğü Arayışları- adlı eseri, Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Tefsir Anabilim Dalı’nda hazırladığı doktora tezinin kitaplaştırılmış halidir. XIX. yüzyıldan bu yana müsteşrikler Kur’an tarihi ve kitâbü’l-mesâhif konusunda birçok esere imza atmış ve Kur’an’daki âyet ve sûrelerin “birbirinden kopuk, kronolojik olmayan, düzensiz, tekrarlar ihtiva eden, sıkıcı ve usandırıcı bir metin” olduğu iddiasında bulunmuşlar, müsteşrikler bu iddiaları neticesinde Kur’an’daki âyet ve sûrelerin kronolojik tertibini belirleme konusunda çalışmalar yapmışlardır. Onların Kur’an metnini, “dağınık ve birbirinden kopuk” şekilde tavsif etmeleri 1980’lere kadar devam etmiştir. 1980’lerden sonra ise Kur’an metninin “bütüncül”, “insicamlı” veya “simetrik” bir yapı arz ettiği yönünde kanaatler öne çıkmış ve bu çerçevede gerek erken Mekke döneminde nâzil olan kısa hacimli sûrelere gerekse Bakara, Âl-i İmrân, Nisâ gibi uzun hacimli Medenî sûrelere kadar “bütünlük arayışı”nın izini süren kayda değer bir literatür teşekkül etmiştir. Kabakcı’nın mezkûr eseri Kur’an metninin yapısına yönelik 1980’lerden sonra öne çıkan yaklaşımlara odaklanmaktadır.
Islam in China
Authors: ÇİFCİ Esra
Published: June 2022

Dünya üzerindeki en büyük Müslüman azınlık gruplardan biri olan Çin’deki Müslümanlar, binyılı aşkın geçmişleriyle hem İslam tarihi hem de Çin tarihinin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Ancak Çin’deki Müslümanların tarihi çoğunlukla ihmal edilmiş olup bu alandaki araştırmaların genel olarak XX. yüzyıl itibariyle başladığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu konudaki en erken çalışma 1910’lu yıllarda Marshall B. Broomhall öncülüğünde Batılı misyonerler tarafından hazırlandı. 1940’larda yaşanan çalkantılı dönemler araştırmaları sekteye uğratmışsa da 1980’lerde Çin’in kapılarını dünyaya açmasıyla alana dair araştırmalar yeniden filizlendi. Çin’in küresel bir aktör olarak öne çıkmaya başladığı 2000’li yıllardan itibaren belirli konulara odaklanan mikro çalışmalarda yükseliş gözlemlenmektedir. Ancak mikro araştırmaların öne çıkmasıyla Çinli Müslümanların tarihini bütüncül bir şekilde değerlendiren kitapların yazımı geri planda kaldı. Çin’deki Müslümanların VII. yüzyıldan bugüne kadarki tarihini güncel veriler ışığında ve bütüncül bir perspektifle değerlendiren James D. Frankel’in Islam in China adlı eseri, alandaki bu boşluğu doldurma yönünde önemli bir katkı sunmaktadır.
Análisis multidimensional de la evolución de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en países de las Américas
Authors: Medina Hernández Edith Johana , Muñiz Olite Jorge Luis , Barco Llerena Evelyn
Published: June 2022

Objetivo.

Evaluar la evolución de pandemia de la COVID-19 entre los países de las Américas, comparando datos de los sistemas de salud previo a la llegada del virus a la Región, frente a los casos y muertes acumuladas antes del despliegue de las estrategias de inmunización de la población, y el estado actual de la vacunación.

Métodos.

Se realizo un análisis multivariante HJ-Biplot y análisis de cluster, para 28 países de la Región de las Américas, en tres momentos del tiempo: diciembre de los años 2019, 2020 y 2021.

Resultados.

En el continente americano se observa heterogeneidad en las acciones implementadas para contener la pandemia, la cual se refleja en diferentes grupos de naciones.

Conclusiones.

No todos los países de la Región de las Américas contaban con las condiciones de salubridad necesarias para afrontar la contención de la COVID-19. A cierre de 2019 Estados Unidos, Canadá, Brasil y Cuba se observaban con ventajas frente a los demás países de la Región, sin embargo, la pertinencia de las acciones implementadas durante el año 2020 para contener la pandemia, generaron diferentes grupos de países según la prevalencia de contagios y muertes. En tal momento, Bolivia, Ecuador y México, presentaban niveles críticos de letalidad. A cierre de 2021, tras la implementación de los planes de vacunación, Argentina, Brasil, Canadá, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Panamá, Estados Unidos y Uruguay registran más del 60% de su población con el esquema de vacunación completo.
A systematic review of the prevalence of selected sexually transmitted infections in young people in Latin America
Authors: Vallejo-Ortega María Teresa , Gaitán Duarte Hernando , Mello Maeve B. , Caffe Sonja , Perez Freddy
Published: June 2022

Objective.

To estimate the burden of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (TP), and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among people aged 10 to 25 in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Methods.

The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases were searched, as well as documents from regional organizations or national health Institutions. Population-based studies that reported prevalence or incidence of CT, NG, TP, and HPV detected through confirmatory tests in adolescents and young people were included. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Pooled estimators were calculated in cases where heterogeneity was <70%; when not feasible, prevalence ranges were reported.

Results.

Out of a total of 3 583 references, 15 prevalence studies complied with the inclusion criteria. Due to substantial heterogeneity (>70%), it was not possible to pool frequency estimators. Among the general population, the prevalence of CT infection ranged between 2.1% and 30.1% (9 studies, 5 670 participants); for NG, prevalence ranged between 0% and 2.9% (8 studies, 5 855 participants); for TP, prevalence varied between 0% and 0.7% (3 studies, 11 208 participants), and for HPV infection, prevalence ranged between 25.1% and 55.6% (8 studies, 3 831 participants).

Conclusions.

Reliable, population-based data on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in adolescents and youth in Latin America and the Caribbean are limited. Additional studies are needed to better understand the burden of STIs in this population. However, given the substantial prevalence of STIs detected, countries need public health policies for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of STIs in young people.
O USO DE PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS NA DELIMITAÇÃO DE CONTAMINAÇÃO POR LIXIVIADO EM ÁREAS DEGRADADAS POR RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS. Uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura com ênfase em metanálise.
Authors: Silva Júlia Neves da , Cunha Luciano Soares da , Oliveira Nicole Evelyn Carvalho de
Published: June 2022

Os principais produtos gerados pela decomposição de resíduos sólidos descartados em lixões, aterros controlados ou aterros sanitários são o lixiviado, e gases como metano (CH4) e dióxido de carbono (CO2). O lixiviado pode ser definido como um líquido escuro, de mau cheiro e com composição química, a qual é dependente dos estágios de decomposição da matéria orgânica, da natureza dos resíduos lançados, das condições ambientais e da idade e modo de operação do aterro. As etapas de degradação da matéria orgânica envolvem processos aeróbicos e anaeróbicos que definem os estágios de estabilização biológica de um aterro. Neste sentido, de forma a avaliar a evolução da utilização dos parâmetros físico-químicos e determinar quais parâmetros são imprescindíveis na delimitação de contaminação por lixiviado de resíduos sólidos urbanos foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura com ênfase em metanálise para a compreensão do estudo. As variações sazonais, principalmente no que se diz respeito ao regime de chuvas, alteram parâmetros geoquímicos e acabam influenciando na estabilidade biológica dos aterros.Palavras chaves: contaminação, água subterrânea, lixiviados, lençol freático. The use of Physico-Chemical Parameters in the Delimitation of Leachate Contamination in Areas Degraded by Urban Solid Waste: A Systematic Review of Literature with Emphasis on Meta-analysis A B S T R A C TThe main products generated by the decomposition of solid waste disposed of in dumps, controlled landfills or sanitary landfills are leachate, and gases such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Leachate can be defined as a dark, foul-smelling liquid with a chemical composition that is dependent on the stages of decomposition of organic matter, the nature of the waste disposed of, environmental conditions, and the age and mode of operation of the landfill. The organic matter degradation stages involve aerobic and anaerobic processes that define the biological stabilization stages of a landfill. In this sense, to evaluate the evolution of the use of physicochemical parameters and determine which parameters are essential in the delimitation of contamination by leachate from municipal solid waste, a systematic literature review with emphasis on meta-analysis was performed for the understanding of the study. The seasonal variations, especially concerning rainfall, change geochemical parameters and ultimately influence the biological stability of landfills.Keywords: contamination, groundwater, leachate, groundwater
Influencia de bioestimulantes sobre caracteres morfológicos y agroquímicos del banano (Musa AAA cv. Williams)
Authors: Ugarte-Barco Francisco Andrés , Zhiñin-Huachun Iván Armando , Hernández-Pérez Ricardo
Published: June 2022

Una de las limitantes para la aclimatación de plantas in vitro en el cultivo del banano ha sido el pobre enraizamiento y su lento desarrollo foliar, que afecta la sobrevivencia en campo bajo condiciones de stress posterior a siembra. El objetivo fue comparar la respuesta de plántulas de Musa cv. Williams tratadas con bioestimulantes y desestresantes comerciales. A los 30 días después de la inoculación, se determinó el diámetro del pseudotallo (cm), masa fresca de planta (g), masa fresca radical (g), número de raíces, índice SPAD, contenido iónico edáf ico y foliar (pH, CE, NO3-, K+, Na+ y Ca2+). Los resultados preliminares indicaron que StresSal® y (StresSal® + Equilibrium®) mostraron de forma signif icativa un mayor diámetro de pseudotallo. La mayor masa fresca radical correspondió a (Inicium® + StresSal®). El número de raíces no fue signif icativamente diferente. El índice SPAD fue elevado cuando se aplicó StresSal® solo o con Equilibrium®. El tratamiento (Inicium®+StresSal®) contribuyó a la mayor acidez en suelo. La conductividad (CE), el K+ y Na+ fueron mayores aplicando (Inicium® + Pro-Fulvic®). Mientras los niveles de NO3- aumentaron con Inicium®. Los iones Ca2+ disminuyeron signif icativamente en suelo con (Inicium® + StresSal®). En cuanto al contenido foliar, el pH más alto correspondió a Inicium®, la conductividad (CE) fue mayor con StresSal® e (Inicium® + StresSal®), sin diferencia con el testigo. Un aumento de NO3- se halló con (Inicium® + StresSal®). Mientras Na+ y Ca2+ fueron signif icativamente mayores con (Inicium® + Pro-Fulvic®).
Corporate Commitment of Environment: Evidence from Sustainability Reports of Mining Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Ekasari Kurnia , Eltivia Nurafni , Indrawan Andi Kusuma , Miharso Apit
Published: June 2022

This research aims to explore the commitment of Indonesian mining companies to environmental sustainability and ensure that they operate following ethical rules without damaging the nature. A content analysis investigates information related to the environment. Research sources include 33 environmental items seen from 7 sustainability reports of Indonesian mining companies. The textâ€™s substance is also examined by identifying various specific characteristics of a message objectively, systematically, and in general. Research results showed that out of 45 mining companies in Indonesia, only 7 had disclosed sustainability reporting. All companies had an environmental commitment but with different stressing. Some companies reveal more about biodiversity; some are more focused on managing both renewable and nonrenewable energy, while others concentrate on effluents and waste. Since mining companies use numerous natural resources as their raw material, these companies should be more committed and concerned about the sustainability of nature and the environmental damage it causes. This study only examined seven sustainability reports from Indonesian mining companies. For future research, the researcher suggested observing annual reports of mining companies that do not disclose sustainability reporting and expressed concerns about the environment, both in Indonesia and Asia as a whole.
CD Review:César Franck (1822-1890): Prelude, Chorale and Fugue
Authors: YILMAZ Yakup
Published: June 2022

Adriana Magdovski is a leading Slovenian, internationally renowned pianist. After studying in Graz, London and Stuttgart, she is building an international career, collaborating with numerous orchestras, soloists and contemporary composers. Her concert career has led her to European culture Capitals as well as the United States. The present CD is her debut.

The Belgian composer César Franck, who was ridiculously described by Camille Saint-Saëns as the eternal modulator, was committed to Wagner's obsessive chromatism, which combined this intensely sensual and dramatic harmonious language with a true sense of Catholic piety. The effect can be astounding: the silent thinking of a devoted nature is always followed by an emotional outburst, often within seconds. For a pianist, this is not an easy task, as he/she has to experience these mood swings without resorting to cheap melodrama or performative religiosity.

Of all Franck´s piano solo works, Prelude, Chorale and Fugue is most often performed. It was written by Cesar Franck when he was in his early 60s.
The Process-Driven Approach Applied Globally: Methodology, Architectures & Strategy for a Competitive Digital Transformation of Societies
Authors: Stiehl Volker , Ortner Erich , Huff Simon
Published: June 2022

Digitization extends to all areas of people's lives and processes, including public administration and government technology (GovTech for short). However, there are various problems here, such as the inappropriate development of new application systems, that are to be solved efficiently by combining two aspects: methodical digitization according to the process-driven approach and the idea of an app store for processes. This simultaneously fuels a process competition to advance methodical process digitization in the EU. Furthermore, this study explains the target-oriented use of this “firing” within the EU and concludes with a proposal of a new 3-schema architecture standard for successful process digitization within the EU.
Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Introductory Overview and Implementation Challenges of Quantum-Resistant Algorithms
Authors: Käppler Sherdel A. , Schneider Bettina
Published: June 2022

Cryptographic algorithms are an essential measure to ensure confidentiality and integrity of internet communication. The development of quantum computers (QCs) and their potential to utilize Shor’s Law, is increasingly recognized as a threat to asymmetric cryptography. In response, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is gaining prominence as a notable field of research aiming to standardize quantum resistant algorithms before the operational usage of QCs. This paper is addressed to people with preliminary knowledge in the field of cryptography and QC. Based on a literature review, the authors provide an overview of challenges faced by the research community and elaborate the advancements in addressing post-quantum threats. A migration strategy from classical cryptosystems to PQC systems is in development, but obstacles such as time constraints and improper implementation complicate the process. Full implementation could take a decade or more. Until then, our paper aims to create awareness for potential challenges when transitioning towards PQC. As categorization scheme for these potential obstacles, we refer to a well- established model in cybersecurity – the McCumber Cube. Conclusions embrace preparing for risks of improper implementation and deriving a multi-step migration. Special attention is expected to be needed for data migration of existing data sets. As a request for future research in PQC, the authors identified the process of implementing post-cryptography standards, e.g., from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and an assessment of the perceived readiness of industry to adapt.
Enhancing Sustainability through Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies: A Quantitative Study Comparing Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises with Large Enterprises
Authors: Backhaus Simon Karl Hubert , Nadarajah Devika
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to compare small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) against large enterprises (LEs) in terms of their sustainability enhancements through Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4) technologies, specifically in the context of developing countries. This study adopted a quantitative approach. Questionnaires were distributed to Malaysian manufacturers registered under Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation MATRADE via email and in-person at the Smart Manufacturing Uprising conference in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 76 valid responses were obtained and analyzed using multiple regression. Integrated engineering systems (IES), digital automation with process control sensors, and the simulation/analysis of virtual models showed significant positive effects on LEs’ sustainability. The small sample size of 76 raises generalizability issues. Thus, large-scale quantitative research is recommended to validate the relationships identified in this study. The study is among the first to identify and compare the significant relationships between IR4 technologies and sustainability enhancements among SMEs and LEs. The findings are of interest to academics as well as to public and private sector practitioners in directing resources to technologies that enhance sustainability.
Identification and Chaining of Water Accounting Data Stakeholders
Authors: Prater Ryan , Eisenbart Barbara
Published: June 2022

Purpose – Multiple water accounting techniques exist and suffer from data gaps and mis- aligned stakeholders which creates standardization and consolidation problems in the data of the industry. This study identifies domain-based stakeholders and defines stakeholder data relationships to improve inter-stakeholder data efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach – The research design follows an inductive data col- lection of qualitative cross-sectional data through semi-structured expert interviews. The recorded interviews were transcribed, thematically coded, and the findings summarized.

Findings – The result is an improved specificity of water accounting data stakeholders which have different data input and output requirements. Our research found that these stakeholders can be chained together based on their data relationships which enables iden- tifying inter-stakeholder relationships and improved data efficiency.

Social Implications – Water is a vital resource for humans and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. More precise description of stakeholders and data factors enable more efficient data flow which can improve the efficacy of terminal impact.

Originality/value – The awareness of problem is refined by increasing stakeholder speci- ficity and identifying data input/output requirements. This enables chaining of stake- holders and data to clarify stakeholder data requirements and improve data efficiency for purposes such as collaboration and policy guidance.
The Dark Side of Social Media - Cyberbullying, Catfishing and Trolling: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Olckers Christine , Hattingh Marie
Published: June 2022

This research aims to identify the factors contributing to the dark side of social media usage by looking explicitly at cyberbullying, catfishing, and trolling. The systematic literature review was performed to better understand the factors contributing to the dark side of social media and provide ways in which these factors can be prevented. The systematic literature review has been performed on numerous articles with the aim of gathering information to help identify factors contributing to the dark side of social media. The systematic literature review found that most factors contributing to dark social media are related to Dark Triad personality types. Unfortunately, this means that there is no way to prevent dark social media usage from taking place. Although psychology theories speculate that these personality types can be helped, there is no way of completely stopping them.
An E-haling Crime and Exploitation Classification Framework
Authors: Pretorius Hendrik Willem
Published: June 2022

Society 5.0 is defined as “a human-cantered society that balances economic advancement with the resolution of social problems through socio-technical platforms that integrate cyberspace with physical space.” Society 5.0 is still a relatively new field of study, investigating new forms of, and platforms for, human-computer engagement. With the evolution of Society 5.0, it has been recognized that there has been an increase in number of e-hailing services (making use of public transport services through electronic applications) within the transportation industry. Although the introduction of e-haling services are seen as positive, this has also resulted in e-haling related crimes and exploitation. This research aims to present a first attempt classification of e-haling crime and exploitation.

The research was performed by conducting a literature review that considered a subset of 33 peer reviewed articles (through a selection process) on themes relevant to how e- hailing services are exploited and what the modus operandi are when parties engage in e- haling exploitation and crime. Additionally, 7 relevant news articles were also included to make up the full spectrum of literature.

The paper concludes by proposing a classification of the different forms of e-hailing crime and exploitation. This classification can be extended (e.g. the transport of illegal substances and human trafficking) and used in future research as a starting point to limit or prevent e-haling exploitation and crime.
El comercio exterior como generador de productividad y competitividad: de lo glocal a lo global
Authors: Sánchez Torres Yolanda , Hidalgo Gallardo Amada
Published: June 2022

El principio económico de la escasez, donde se tiene recursos limitados frente a necesidades ilimitadas, sin duda explica el surgimiento de todas y cada una de las actividades económicas del hombre. El comercio es una de las más antiguas, solo después de la agricultura, cuando el hombre comienza a vivir en sociedad, intercambiando los excedentes de la producción —como parte de la especialización— con la finalidad de satisfacer una necesidad más que generar una ganancia. En la actualidad, este principio ya no es el que prevalece, del simplismo comercial del trueque se ha pasado a una estructura comercial mundial compleja.