bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of organizational culture and transformational leadership style on organizational commitment with knowledge management practices as mediating variables
Authors: Laila Faizatul , Irawanto Dodi Wirawan , Susilowati Christin
Published: June 2022

Human resources practices play an important role in the effective implementation of organizational strategies through activities to attract, develop, motivate, and retain employees who refer to organizational commitment. This study aims to see the effect of organizational culture and transformational leadership style on organizational commitment either directly or indirectly or through the mediation of knowledge management practice. This research is categorized as explanatory research. Research respondents are office administration divisions in one of the tobacco products industries in Indonesia, the number of samples is using a total sampling of 164 respondents. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The result show that organizational culture has a significant positive effect on organizational commitment, however, transformational leadership style has no effect on it. Both organizational culture and transformational dream style have a positive effect on organizational commitment through the mediation of knowledge management practice.
Investigating factors predicting employees' turnover intention: An empirical study on islamic banking industry
Authors: Jamil M. Abd Wahid Al , Setiawan Margono , Juwita Himmiyatul Amanah Jiwa
Published: June 2022

The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of job satisfaction as a mediating variable from the influence of workload, work stress and organizational climate on turnover intention. This study utilizes a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, a total of 116 questionnaires were obtained from employees of Bank BTN Syariah Malang (BTN Islamic Banking of Malang). Structural equation model (SEM) based on partial least squares (PLS) was employed as a method to analyze the data. The present study found a significant effect between workload and work stress on job satisfaction and turnover intention. However, organizational climate does not support the proposed hypothesis that organizational climate does not show a vital role in predicting job satisfaction and turnover intention. Furthermore, job satisfaction convincingly affects employees’ intention to leave. Finally, job satisfaction is proven to be a mediator of the influence of workload and work stress on turnover intention. However, unexpectedly, job satisfaction did not mediate the relationship between organizational climate and turnover intention.
Networking capability as an effort for SMEs to internationalize
Authors: Nikmah Farika , Sukma Erlangga Andi , Suwarni Evi , Rahmawati Rizka
Published: June 2022

Networking capability is used as a supporting variable in SMEs' internationalization efforts. This is because SMEs find it difficult if they are alone to face increasingly fierce competition and are also faced with uncertain economic conditions. This study uses a quantitative approach, with SMEs owners as respondents. A total of 185 respondents are SMEs owners in the East Java region of Indonesia. Simple linear regression analysis is used, to measure validity, and reliability, followed by hypothesis testing. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between networking capability and internationalization. SMEs should be able to establish good and profitable cooperation with the government, suppliers, capital owners, and the community to reduce their limitations.
The effect of ownership structure on the level of agency conflict
Authors: Putri Nur Mulyani Dwi , Nurfauziah Nurfauziah
Published: June 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of ownership structure on the level of agency conflict and examine the effect of corporate debt levels on the relationship between ownership structure and agency in manufacturing companies which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). In this study, researchers use two ownership structures, namely family ownership and insider ownership. The ownership structure is measured by the percentage of share ownership by family and insiders. The population of this study is all manufacturing companies listed on the IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange) from 2017 to 2019. This study uses the purposive sampling technique. This study also has 19 companies with family ownership structures and 21 companies with insider ownership structures as samples. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical analysis by SPSS. The results of this study indicate that family ownership and insider ownership have a negative effect on the level of agency conflict in the company. In addition, this study also proves that the level of debt in the company strengthens the relationship between ownership structure and the level of agency conflict.
The Survey Measure of Psychological Safety and Its Association with Mental Health and Job Performance: a Validation Study and Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Sasaki Natsu , Inoue Akiomi , Asaoka Hiroki , Sekiya Yuki , Nishi Daisuke , Tsutsumi Akizumi , Imamura Kotaro
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study validated the Japanese version of O’Donovan et al.’s (2020) composite measure of psychological safety scale and examined the associations of psychological safety with mental health and job-related outcomes. Methods: Online surveys were administered twice to Japanese employees with teams of more than three members. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability was tested using Cronbach’s α and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Convergent validity was tested. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between psychological safety and psychological distress, work engagement, job performance, and job satisfaction. Results: Two hundred healthcare workers and 200 non-healthcare workers were analyzed. The Cronbach’s alpha of the total score was 0.92 - 0.96 and ICC was 0.88 - 0.92. CFA demonstrated poor fit, and EFA yielded a two-factor structure, suggesting one factor combined with peers and team. The scale showed good convergent validity. The total score of the scale showed significant associations with all outcomes in adjusted model in all workers. Conclusions: The Japanese version of the measure of the psychological safety scale presented good reliability and validity. Psychological safety is important for employees’ mental health and performance.
Securing Flows in the River Systems through Irrigation Water Use Efficiency - A Case Study from Karula River in the Ganga River System
Authors: Kaushal Nitin , Babu Suresh , Mishra Arjit , Bajpai Rajesh , Sinha Phanish Kumar , Arya Rama Kant , Tickner David , Linstead Conor
Published: June 2022

The pressure on freshwater resources is leading to diminishing flows in some of the critical river systems across the globe and India is no exception and this is mainly because of water withdrawal for irrigation, which is often to the tune of 70% to 80% with some proportion for domestic and industrial use. While graduating from the concept of environmental flows and its assessment methodologies in India, the water-managers, the researchers and the conservationists are now moving towards answering the next question if the rivers are to be revived, then where will the water come from, especially in the case of over-allocated rivers, including the river Ganga. While the logical way is to look at the biggest user of water, i.e. irrigation, it remains to be seen whether the irrigation water savings will actually lead to enhancing flows in a river, complementing the efforts towards maintaining e-flows in rivers, or whether it will lead to more area under agriculture, bring changes in cropping patterns towards more water-intensive crops or result in something else. This is a growing debate across the globe, where India is no exception, and there has been a wide range of opinions in this regard. This paper discusses the process, findings and lessons from a joint initiative involving farmers, the Uttar Pradesh state Irrigation and Water Resources Department, Bijnor District Administration and a conservation organisation to enhance flows in a rivulet, called karula River, which is part of the Ganga river system.
Assessing Loss of Regulatory Divergence, Genome–Transcriptome Incongruence, and Preferential Expression Switching in Abaca/ Banana Backcrosses
Authors: Ereful Nelzo C. , Lalusin Antonio G. , Laurena Antonio C.
Published: June 2022

The Musa textilis var. Abuab has high fiber quality (FQ) but has low resistance against abaca bunchy top virus (AbBTV); the Musa balbisiana var. Pacol, has low FQ but high resistance against AbBTV. Their backcrosses (BC2 and BC3) possess both desirable traits. Analysis using RNA-seq showed that the regulatory divergence of Abuab and Pacol is largely explained by cis differences with 27.4% and 22.3% if we are to assess it using BC2 and BC3, respectively. Cis differences between the two genotypes are significantly reduced from BC2 to BC3 due to changes in genomic constitution. Trans, on the other hand, is robust to changes in allelic composition. All these are attributed to the loss of heterozygosity in the BC3 relative to BC2. Further analysis showed that both backcrosses exhibited genome-wide preferential expression of Pacol- over Abuab-specific alleles, despite the wider genetic presence of the latter in the hybrids. The ratio of the two genotype-specific expressed transcripts and the ratio of their corresponding genetic make-up are significantly disproportionate, a phenomenon which we refer here as “genome–transcriptome incongruence”. We also observed preferential expression switching in which several genes prefer Abuab- (or Pacol-) specific allele in the BC2 but switched to Pacol- (or Abuab-) specific allele in the BC3 genome.
Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Applications of Bacillus Nattokinase
Authors: Yuan Li , Liangqi Chen , Xiyu Tang , Jinyao Li
Published: June 2022

Thrombosis has threatened human health in past decades. Bacillus nattokinase is a potential thrombolytic drug without side-effect and low cost and has been introduced into the consumer market as a functional food or dietary supplement. This review firstly summarizes the biodiversity sources and fermentation process of nattokinase, and systematically expounds the structure, cata-lytic mechanism and enzymatic properties of nattokinase; In view of the problems of low fermen-tation yield, insufficient activity and stability of nattokinase, this review discusses the heterologous expression of nattokinase in different microbial hosts, and summarizes the protein and genetic en-gineering progress of nattokinase-producing strains; Finally, this review summarizes the clinical application of nattokinase.
Determination of Appropriate Time of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application for Maize in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Mamo Midekesa Chala , Chala Chalchissa Chala , Biratu Gudeta
Published: June 2022

Excessive nitrogen fertilization and improper management can cause a decrease in NUE in the maize cropping system. Most nitrogen fertilizers are applied when the corn is 4-5 weeks after planting. However, recent studies have shown that modern hybrids take up high amounts of nitrogen at the flowering stage. This suggests that a nitrogen fertilization strategy that starts at the beginning of vegetative growth and later in the flowering phase is needed to maximize the yield of hybrid maize in upland. The study was conducted in 2018-2019 in Liban, Jawi, and Toke Kutaye Districts in the West Showa Zone of the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. The research design used a randomized block design with the one-time treatment of fertilizer application consisting of six levels, namely 1/3 at planting + 1/3 at 4-5 weeks after an emergency (WAE) + 1/3 at 70-80 days after planting (DAP ); 1/3 part at planting + 2/3 part at 4-5 WAE; 2/3 share at 4-5 WAE + 1/3 at 70-80 DAP; 1/4 at planting + 1/2 at 4-5 WAE + 1/4 at 70-80 DAP; 1/2 at 4-5 WAE + 1/2 at 70-80 DAP; and full at 4-5 WAE). Nitrogen fertilization on2/3part at 4-5 WAE + 1/3 part at 70-80 DAP significantly affected plant height, cob length, grain yield, and biomass yield, but it did not influence root and stem lodging. When the data were combined over the two years, the treatment of 2/3part N application at 4-5 WAE (knee height) + 1/3 part at 70-80 DAP (before tasseling) resulted in the highest grain yield with a yield advantage of 1,598 kg/ha and gave maximum net benefit over the typically used full application at 4-5 WAE (knee height). This fertilizer management strategy could be advised for the Liban Jawi, Toke Kutaye areas, and other similar agro-ecosystem environments.
Telehealth for Contraceptive Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a 2021 National Survey
Authors: Lindberg Laura D. , Mueller Jennifer , Haas Madeleine , Jones Rachel K.
Published: June 2022

Objectives. To investigate trends in the use and quality of telehealth for contraceptive care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods. The 2021 Guttmacher Survey of Reproductive Health Experiences is a national online survey of 6211 people assigned female at birth, aged 18 to 49 years, and that ever had penile‒vaginal sex. We used weighted bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the use of telehealth for contraceptive care and the quality of this care.

Results. Of the respondents, 34% received a contraceptive service in the 6 months before the survey; of this group, 17% utilized telehealth. Respondents who were uninsured at some point in the 6 months before the survey had greater odds of using telehealth for this care. Respondents had lower odds of rating the person-centeredness of their care as “excellent” if they received services via telehealth compared with in person (25% vs 39%).

Conclusions. Telehealth has helped bridge gaps in contraceptive care deepened by COVID-19. More work is needed to improve the quality of care and reduce access barriers to ensure telehealth can meet its full potential as part of a spectrum of care options. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S5):S545–S554. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306886 )
Effect of Air Fuel Ratio to Quality of Municipal Solid Waste Using Downdraft Gasification
Authors: Amrullah Shafwan , Oktaviananda Cyrilla
Published: June 2022

Gasifikasi menggunakan limbah padat kota (MSW) berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas lingkungan dan peningkatan pasokan listrik untuk daerah-daerah yang sulit dijangkau, khususnya di Indonesia. Namun proses gasifikasi membutuhkan proses pengujian kualitas terlebih dahulu agar dapat menghasilkan produk syngas dan kelistrikan yang maksimal. Maka dalam penelitian ini dilakukan proses pengujian pengaruh variasi Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) terhadap kualitas proses gasifikasi (Cold Gas Efficiency (CGE), Carbon Conversion Efficiency (CCE), dan specific fuel consumption (sfc) atau konversi konsumsi spesifik). Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan proses gasifikasi dengan tipe downdraft pada nilai AFR 0,5; 0,51; 0,53; 0,54; 0,55. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai syngas seiring dengan peningkatan nilai AFR. Sedangkan nilai CGE meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya AFR proses gasifikasi MSW. Peningkatan terjadi dari 9 menjadi 13%, meskipun hasil ini masih sangat rendah. Di sisi lain, CCE juga mengalami peningkatan dengan meningkatnya AFR gasifikasi MSW. Peningkatan nilai terlihat dari 33-43%. Hasil ini juga masih tergolong kecil, artinya efisiensi konversi karbon pada proses ini sangat rendah. Pada akhirnya, dapat dilihat bahwa nilai scf menurun dengan meningkatnya AFR. Penurunan yang didapat adalah dari 5,3 menjadi 2.
The Utility of Immunohistochemistry in Diagnosing Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Papillary Morphology
Authors: Pagarigan Allison Kaye , Del Rosario Erland
Published: June 2022

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma (TC-RCC) is a recently recognized, rare but distinct malignant entity. Pathologists have endeavored to completely define its histomorphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular features. Recounted is a case where the diagnosis of TC-RCC was confounded by presence of papillary morphology. Immunohistochemical expression of alpha-methyl acyl-CoA-racemase and vimentin with corresponding negativity for CK7 and CD10, following distinctive gross and microscopic findings, confirmed a diagnosis of TC-RCC. This report demonstrates the strategic value of performing immunohistochemistry studies to establish a diagnosis of TC-RCC especially when unusual histologic features are encountered. Immunohistochemistry continues to be the most practical approach to diagnosis as molecular testing methods, such as next generation sequencing, remain unfeasible in the local setting. Cautious prognostication is required as accounts of recurrence and metastasis continue to emerge.
Brain Metastasis of Papillary Ovarian Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chhabra Sonia , Dalal Niti , Singh Sunita
Published: June 2022

Brain metastasis from epithelial ovarian cancer is a rare diagnostic entity with a reported incidence of 1- 2%. Serous epithelial ovarian cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis and is the most common malignancy metastasizing to the brain. The median time from primary diagnosis to development of cerebral lesions is directly correlated with the initial tumour grade and stage.  The median survival after diagnosis of brain metastases is 6 months. It is suggested that brain imaging studies should be included in the follow up of patients after treatment for ovarian carcinoma. We report a case of brain metastasis of ovarian adenocarcinoma 2 years post-surgery and six cycles of chemotherapy.
Glomangiopericytoma
Authors: Damian Karen , Alegata Rachel
Published: June 2022

Glomangiopericytoma is a rare neoplasm of the nasal and paranasal sinuses comprising less than 1% of all tumors of the said region. We report of a 59-year-old hypertensive male who presented with epistaxis. CT scan findings showed a mass in the right nasal cavity with extension into the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. Histopathologic diagnosis was glomangiopericytoma confirmed with immunohistochemistry studies. Prognosis is favorable with complete resection of tumor and long-term monitoring.
Preliminary Study on Prevalence of P16-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity, Oropharynx and Larynx in Rizal Medical Center and its Histomorphologic Correlation
Authors: Gamboa Jorel Renly , Lim Jr. Thomas Jeff
Published: June 2022

Background. A considerably large portion of the cases of cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) involving the head and the neck may be due to consumption of tobacco and alcohol. However, its increase in occurrence at specific sites of the head and neck may indicate the possibility of other etiological factors. One of which is infection by certain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). P16 immunochemistry serves as a very good surrogate marker of active HPV in these tumors. The detection of HPV-related head and neck cancers have relevance in clinical practice because of its prognostic implications.
Objectives. The general objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of p16-positive squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx in Rizal Medical Center from January 2019 to December 2019.  The specific objective is to compare the Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain histomorphology (keratinization and mitotic activity) of p16-positive versus p16-negative specimens.
Methodology. This is a cross-sectional study which included all routine histopathology specimens coming from the oral cavity, oropharynx and larynx in Rizal Medical Center for the year 2019 with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The tissue specimens considered were those that measured at least 1 cm in diameter, or aggregate diameter if tissue is fragmented. The slides of all eligible cases were reviewed and immunohistochemically stained for p16. The p16 IHC slides were read as either positive or negative, while the mitotic activity and keratinization were observed in the H&E-stained slides. The interpretation of the diplomate pathologists for each of the slides were documented and corresponding statistical analyses were performed.
Results. P16 IHC showed twenty-one (88%) p16 negative cases and three (12%) p16 positive cases. In terms of mitosis, ten cases have mitosis falling within the 1-10 per high power field (HPF) range (42%), six within 11-20 per HPF (25%), and 8 cases have ≥21 mitosis per HPF (33%). In terms of keratinization, three cases are non-keratinizing (12%) and twenty-one cases are keratinizing (88%).  There is significant difference in the keratinization histology (p<0.05) of the p16-positive versus the P16-negative cases. On the other hand, no significant difference in the mitotic activity (p>0.05) was noted.
Conclusion. There is a low prevalence of HPV-related SCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx in Rizal Medical Center.  The histomorphologic findings confirm that keratinization, significantly predicts HPV status in oropharyngeal SCC. Mitotic activity may not be reliable in predicting the HPV status or p16 IHC reactivity of a case. Keratinization in oropharyngeal SCCs may provide valuable information in certain instances, particularly when HPV testing is not immediately available, although the combined tumor morphology and p16 IHC is more ideal.
Enhanced correlation-based linking of biosynthetic gene clusters to their metabolic products through chemical class matching
Authors: Louwen Joris J. R. , Medema Marnix H. , Hooft Justin J. J. van der
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIt is well-known that the microbiome produces a myriad of specialized metabolites with diverse functions. To better characterize their structures and identify their producers in complex samples, integrative genome and metabolome mining is becoming increasingly popular. Metabologenomic co-occurrence-based correlation methods facilitate the linking of metabolite mass fragmentation spectra (MS/MS) to their cognate biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) based on shared absence/presence patterns of metabolites and BGCs in paired omics datasets of multiple strains. Recently, these methods have been made more readily accessible through the online NPLinker framework. However, co-occurrence-based approaches usually result in too many candidate links to manually validate.ResultsTo automatically reduce the long lists of potential BGC-metabolite links, we match natural product (NP) ontologies previously independently developed for genomics and metabolomics and developed NPClassScore: an empirical class matching score that we also implemented in the NPLinker framework. By applying NPClassScore on three paired omics datasets totalling 189 bacterial strains, we show that the number of links are reduced by on average 63% as compared to using a co-occurrence-based strategy alone. We further demonstrate that 96% of experimentally validated links in these datasets are retained and prioritised when using NPClassScore.ConclusionThe matching genome-metabolome class ontologies provide a starting point for selecting plausible candidates for BGCs and MS/MS spectra based on matching chemical compound class ontologies. NPClassScore expedites genome/metabolome data integration, as relevant BGC-metabolite links are prioritised, and researchers are faced with substantially fewer proposed BGC-MS/MS links to manually inspect. We anticipate that our addition to the NPLinker framework will aid in the discovery of novel NPs and understanding complex metabolic interactions in the microbiome.
Social learning disfavours the cultural evolution of altruistic punishment
Authors: Burton-Chellew Max , D'Amico Victoire
Published: June 2022

Could human cooperation be the result of evolution favouring groups where altruists punish non-altruists 1-5? While altruistic punishment can benefit groups through increased cooperation, it often costs more than it is worth, challenging both individual and group level explanations 1,6,7. One proposed possibility is cultural group selection via imitation of more cooperative groups. We therefore tested if altruistic punishment could spread among groups via imitation (social learning) rather than direct competition. Groups observed either how punishment increased cooperation, or how it also decreased profits, in a previous experiment. Individuals then voted to either enable or disable all punishment. We found (1) that punishment was common, but most individuals voted to disable punishment and (2) observing how punishment affected payoffs drastically disfavoured punishment, and consequently cooperation. Our results contradict the hypothesis that humans have evolved to cooperate via cultural group selection favouring altruistic punishment 2,3,8-12.
PassMark: User Authentication using Map Street View
Authors: Mishra Kailash Chandra , Dutta Subrata
Published: June 2022

Text-based user authentication systems have flaws like difficulty remembering long passwords, being easily sharable, and being vulnerable to security attacks like keyboard tracker, brute force attack, and shoulder surfing. Map-based passwords are easier to remember than text-based passwords. Image and map-based passwords are proposed to overcome these drawbacks and improve memorability. Image-based passwords have a smaller password space and are more difficult to create than map-based passwords. MacRae et al. proposed Geopassnotes, a map-based password that stores the coordinates of a point on a map as a password. The password is a series of digits that can be easily cracked using a brute force attack. To choose the password, the user must select points at a specific zoom level, which is difficult. We propose "PassMark," a map-based user authentication system that addresses Geopassnotes' two flaws. We used a 16-digit alphanumeric password, and selecting a password point on the map does not require a specific zoom level. A user-defined point on a map can also be used as a password.
Behavioural responses of invasive (Gmelinoides faciatus) and native (Gammarus lacustris) amphipods to predators on different bottom substrates
Authors: Teesalu Paul , Ercoli Fabio , Tuvikene Arvo
Published: June 2022

The amphipod Gmelinoides fasciatus has invaded and established in numerous large lakes in Eurasia and, in the process, has displaced the native amphipod, Gammarus lacustris . The mechanism behind its invasion success is unclear and remains an important topic for invasion ecology. Three laboratory experiments were conducted to determine if superior predator avoidance and different types of bottom substrate could be important factors contributing to the invasion success of G. fasciatus . Our results indicate that, on gravel and sand substrates, G. fasciatus exhibited superior digging behaviour to avoid predation by fishes (perch and common roach), contrary to its native counterpart. In addition, G. fasciatus exhibited a more substantial reduction in activity than G. lacustris when in the presence of predatory fish kairomones. However, the presence of kairomones had little effect on digging behaviour. G. fasciatus consistently demonstrated superior predator avoidance abilities over G. lacustris , suggesting that this mechanism might play an important role in the invasion success of G. fasciatus .
Implementation of a prehospital-initiated redirection program for patients with low-acuity conditions: an 18-month retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mohamed Ilyas-Abdi , Harrisson Jessica , Blanchard Pierre-Gilles , Lemire Lily-Pier , Houde Laurence , Emond Marcel , Nadeau Alexandra , Mercier Eric
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study aims to describe the profile of patients and the barriers encountered in implementing an emergency medical services (EMS)-initiated redirection program to non-emergency department (ED) settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. All EMS interventions during which the coordinating redirection centre (Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada) was called were reviewed. The centre was available weekdays during working hours. On a voluntary basis, the on-site emergency medical technician (EMT) had the opportunity to contact the redirection centre to initiate diversion of patients with non-urgent conditions to a non-ED setting.
Results: Between April 27th, 2020, and October 26th, 2021, 2741 calls were received at the redirection centre, of which 1206 patients were finally diverted. Most redirected patients were female (62.0%) and 73.2% were aged ≥ 60 years old. The initial 911 Medical Dispatch Priority Systems (MDPS) codes of those redirected were sick person (37.3%) and falls (11.3%) while 58.9% were initially considered as low ambulance priority level (P4, P7). The main complaints of redirected patients were non-traumatic lower limb pain (17.8%), back pain (12.0%), neurologic disorder (8.3%), mental-health related condition (7.9%), skin disorder (6.7%) and fall (6.5%). Patients were most frequently redirected to a general practice clinic (45.1%), a community-based resource (20.1%) or their own family physician (11.9%). The main reasons for not redirecting, available for 1112 interventions, were the potential for deterioration (88.8%), patient not consenting to be redirected (7.2%) and no outpatient clinic availability (4.9%).
Conclusions: A redirection program initiated by EMTs was implemented in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults and those presenting with lower limb and back pain were the main populations redirected. Promoting the program to paramedics and leveraging this opportunity to compare different models of care are the upcoming steps.
Monitoring of Caspian Sea level change affected by atmospheric parameters using remote sensing data
Authors: sharif morteza , Abdollahi Ata , ‎ Maedeh Sadat Hosseini
Published: June 2022

Caspian Sea level (CSL) fluctuations are driven by reciprocal hydro-meteorological processes that extend not only over the entire catchment area but also far beyond. According to the research literature, CSL has dropped approximately 3 m in the short-term (1929–1977). In this study, change in precipitation, runoff, and evaporation in the catchment area, river discharge, sea surface temperature (SST), and also CSL change were investigated over 40-year decades. Study results reveal two major change in the increasing trend of SST anomalies. With an increasing trend of 0.03 at the CS level, the results indicate an increase in temperature of more than 1.5°C during the study period, which can be a response to the increase in air and land surface temperature on a regional and global scale. The decline in river discharge levels has also been significant in recent decades. Reconstruction of long-term change in CSL with daily water level data between 1981–2020 through fluxes also showed that the average sea level rise was about 20 cm/yr in the 1981–1995 period and a decrease of 6 cm/yr during the 1996–2020 period was well visible in the results of the water balance equation. Moreover, according to the observed peak values of the four parameters precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and SST, the trend of increasing sea surface temperature and decreasing precipitation (with a slope of -1.8 mm/40 year) is more consistent with CSL change.
Effects of Physical Training on Functional, Clinical, Morphological, Behavioral and Psychosocial Outcomes in Post-covid-19 Infection: Covid-19 and Rehabilitation Study (Core-study): Study Protocol for a Clinical Trial
Authors: Delevatti Rodrigo Sudatti , Danielevicz Angelica , Sirydakis Maria Eduarda , de Melo Paulo Urubatan Gama , Freitas Cíntia de la Rocha , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Guglielmo Luiz Guilherme Antonacci , Speretta Guilherme Fleury Fina , Hansen Fernanda , Fonseca Fernanda Rodrigues , Starke Ana Carolina , de Lucas Ricardo Dantas , Junior José Tavares de Melo , Maurici Rosemeri , Gerage Aline Mendes
Published: June 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic remains ongoing, with a significant number of survivors who have experienced moderate to severe clinical conditions and who have suffered great magnitude losses, especially in functional capacity, trigerring limitation on the daily autonomy and quality of life. Among the possibilities of intervention for the rehabilitation of the disease, physical/exercising training stands out, which can benefit several health outcomes and favours the adoption of healthier behaviors. Therefore, the aim of the study will be to analyze the effects of physical training on the functional, clinical, morphological, behavioral, and psychosocial status in adults and the elderly following COVID-19 infection. Methods: Randomized, controlled clinical trial, conducted in parallel, with the experimental group undergoing an intervention involving a multicomponent physical rehabilitation program, carried out at the Sports Center in partnership with the Academic Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants will be adults and elderly, of both sexes, in a post-COVID-19 infection state, who were hospitalized during the infection. The intervention will have a total duration of 24 weeks and will include a multicomponent physical training program, which will have gradual progression in frequency, duration, and intensity over the time. Regarding the outcomes, before, at the 12th and after 24 weeks of intervention, functional (primary outcome = functional index of aerobic capacity), clinical, morphological, behavioral, and psychosocial outcomes will be assessed. Discussion: This study will contribute to a greater understanding of the safety, adherence and benefits of physical training in the rehabilitation of post-COVID-19 patients. The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at congresses, workshops, peer-reviewed publications, local and international conferences, especially with a view to proposing a post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation Care Protocol. Trial registration: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research with Human Beings of the institution of origin (protocol 4.909.599) and registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-10y6jhrs), registered 22 February 2022, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-10y6jhrs.
Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions for pregnant women: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Popova Svetlana , Pandya Ekta , Dozet Danijela , Brower Krista , Segura Lidia , Ondersma Steven J.
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in a range of adverse neonatal outcomes, including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to investigate the effectiveness of brief interventions (BIs) in eliminating or reducing 1) alcohol consumption during pregnancy; and 2) PAE-related adverse neonatal outcomes.MethodWe conducted a systematic literature search for original controlled studies (randomized control trials (RCTs); quasi-experimental) in any setting, published from 1987 to 2021. The comparison group was no/minimal intervention, where a measure of alcohol consumption was reported. Studies were critically appraised using the Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Oxford critical appraisal tool for RCTs. Meta-analysis of continuous and binary estimates of effect-size for similar outcome measures for BIs versus control groups were pooled and reported as Cohens’ d/ Hedge’s g and odds ratios (ORs), respectively. ResultsIn total, 22 studies (4,865 participants), all from high income countries, met inclusion criteria. Abstinence outcomes available in 12 studies (n= 2,620) found modest effects in favor of BI conditions (OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.15–2.13, I2=46.75%). BI effects for mean drinks/week (Cohen’s d=- 0.21, 95%CI=- 0.78 to 0.36) and AUDIT scores (g = 0.10, 95%CI= - 0.06 to 0.26) were not significant. Among seven studies (n = 740) reporting neonatal outcomes, BI receipt was associated with a modest and significant reduction in preterm birth (OR=0.67, 95% CI=0.46-0.98, I2=0.00%). No statistically significant differences were observed for APGAR score, mean birthweight, or likelihood of low birth weight (LBW). ConclusionBIs are moderately effective in increasing abstinence during pregnancy and preventing preterm birth. More studies on the effectiveness of BIs are needed from low- and middle-income countries, as well as with younger mothers and with a broader range of ethnic groups. There is also an urgent need for systematic research seeking to enhance the efficacy of brief interventions.
Interpretation and Investigations of Topology based Routing Protocols applied in VANET
Authors: sehrawat preeti , Chawla Mridul
Published: June 2022

The intelligent transportation system is necessary for smart connection among vehicles and roadways equipment. VANET is an emerging research area and gaining attention for this smart connection. It is a subclass of MANET, where each auto-mobile is a node in the ad-hoc network which is consists of groups of stationary or moving vehicles. These vehicles are linked together through a wireless link i.e., VANET. VANET provides an infrastructure that builds new solution for safety, comfort of drivers and passengers but the implementation of the VANET presents a hurdle in the selection and designing of a routing mechanism which is capable of providing reliable and efficient transportation of packets. To improve VANET performance there are several routing protocols which may enable packet transport from the source node to the destination node. The prior objective of this research is to select and suggest reliable routing protocol for VANET’s implementation. This research presents the overall investigation and interpretation of routing protocol based on topology i.e., AODV, OLSR, DSR, and DSDV on the grounds of simulation parameters (packet delivery ratio, overhead, throughput). The performance and effects of routing protocols has been evaluated through the use of network simulator (NS-3) and mobility simulator (SUMO). The result shows that in case of throughput and overhead, protocol DSR outperforms but in case of PDR, protocol AODV outperforms for routing protocols. From the above, conclusion is that this research will assist the researchers in selecting the better routing protocol in the implementation of VANET infrastructure.
Ultrafine and Fairly Long Carboxylated Cellulose Nanofibers Prepared by a Hydrated Multi-carboxylic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Shi Xiaochao , Wang Zengbin , Xia Qinqin , Liu Yongzhuang , Chen Wenshuai , Yu Haipeng , Zhang Kai
Published: June 2022

Sustainable carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (C-CNFs) with access to variable surface chemical modifications and exquisite mechanical properties have great and promising applicability across various fields. However, the current fabrication processes either require harsh reaction conditions or severely impair the high aspect ratio of products, resulting in low yields, environmental issues and/or limited uses. Herein, we address these limitations by using a hydrated multi-carboxylic acid deep eutectic solvent comprised of only choline chloride, citric acid, and water to produce ultrafine and fairly long C-CNFs. The resultant C-CNFs have fine diameters of ~ 3 nm, high aspect ratios up to 4000, high carboxyl content of 1.5 mmol/g, and high yield of 90%. Notably, we can easily achieve large-scale production of C-CNFs for preparing large area, high-performance structural materials. Superior stability of the C-CNFs suspensions even at high concentrations allows the fabrication of 4 m-long flexible C-CNF films showing excellent mechanical strength, great optical properties (92% transparency and 90% haze) and high thermal stability (Tmax=348 ℃) as well as of large area C-CNF aerogels with ultralow bulk density of 0.002 g/cm3, ultrahigh porosity of 99.86% and super low thermal conductivity of 0.0289 W/mK. These unique advantages as high yield, great cost-efficiency, scalable productivity and recyclability of eutectic solvents open up a new route to producing ultrafine C-CNFs on an industrial scale.
Interruption of the Gulf Stream in 2014 caused the 2014-16 North Atlantic Cold Fresh Anomaly and reciprocal warming/ salinification of the North American coastal region
Authors: Allan David , Allan Richard
Published: June 2022

We present evidence that the previously reported 2014-2016 North Atlantic cold fresh anomaly (CFA) and warming/ salinification of the North American coastal region are reciprocal effects of an interruption of Gulf Stream (GS) mass transport near 45oW. In February-March 2014, sudden cooling and reduced salinity near the Milne seamounts (45oN, 40oW) was quantitatively reciprocated by warming and increased salinity near the Tail of the Grand Banks (TGB, 43oN 50oW), creating coincident dipoles of heat and salt anomaly. The magnitude of these changes is consistent with a temporary interruption of about 70-75% of GS heat and salt transport close to where it branches to form the North Atlantic Current (NAC) and Azores Current (AC) near 40-43oN 45oW. The negative heat and salt anomalies near 40°W subsequently migrated northeastwards to constitute the CFA (centred on 50oN 30oW) while the reciprocal positive anomalies near 50°W spread westwards and southwards into the North American coastal region. The quantitative reciprocity of heat and salt anomalies in the CFA and North American coastal region can thus be explained by an interruption of mass transport between the GS and NAC. Although there has been much speculation regarding the possibility that global warming might block transport of heat and salt in the GS (possibly leading to extreme climate changes) this is the first evidence that a short-lived interruption of GS transport has already occurred.
Variation of char reactivity during catalytic gasification with CO2 : comparison among catalytic gasification by ion-exchangeable Na, Ca, and Na/Ca mixture
Authors: Chen Xiye , Zhang Linyao , Xing Chang , Liu Li , Jiao Zixin , Yang Chunhui , Du Changshuai , Qiu Penghua
Published: June 2022

Reactivity is an important indicator to evaluate the gasification performance, and it is also the key to design and optimize the gasification process. The type and activity of the catalyst have great impacts on the gasification reactivity of the char. In this study, the catalytic behavior of ion-exchangeable Na and Ca during CO2 gasification process and the influence mechanism of ion-exchangeable Na and Ca on the gasification reactivity of coal char were researched. The results indicated that the reactivity of Ca-Char was greater than that of Na-Char. The inactivation of Ca was mainly due to the loss and the dispersion deterioration of Ca. The increase of CO2 concentration can not only significantly increase the catalytic activity of Na and Ca, but also enhance the sustainability of Na catalytic activity. The interaction between Na and Ca had inhibition effects on the reactivity of char during CO2 gasification. The higher the ratio of Ca-Char, the more significant the inhibition effects.
Predicting hepatotoxicity associated with low-dose methotrexate using machine learning
Authors: Hu Qiaozhi , Wang Hualing , Xu Ting
Published: June 2022

Purpose
An accurate prediction of the hepatotoxicity associated with low-dose methotrexate can provide evidence for a reasonable treatment choice. This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based prediction model to predict hepatotoxicity associated with low-dose methotrexate and explore the associated risk factors.
Methods
Eligible patients with immune system disorders, who received low-dose methotrexate at West China Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, were enrolled. A retrospective review of the included patients was conducted. Risk factors were selected from multiple patient characteristics, including demographics, admissions, and treatments. Eight algorithms, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), AdaBoost, CatBoost, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOT), Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), were used to establish the prediction model.
Results
A total of 782 patients were included, and hepatotoxicity was detected in 35.68% (279/782) of the patients. The Random Forest model with the best predictive capacity was chosen to establish the prediction model (receiver operating characteristic curve 0.97, accuracy 64.33%, precision 50.00%, recall 32.14%, and F1 39.13%). Among the 15 risk factors, the highest score was a body mass index of 0.237, followed by age (0.198), the number of drugs (0.151), and the number of comorbidities (0.144). These factors demonstrated their importance in predicting hepatotoxicity associated with low-dose methotrexate.
Conclusion
Using machine learning, this novel study established a predictive model for low-dose methotrexate-related hepatotoxicity. The model can improve medication safety in patients taking methotrexate in clinical practice.
Biotransformation of standard antibiotics by Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom and in vitro antibacterial activity of resulted metabolites
Authors: Matinde Raphael , Sempombe Joseph , Mugoyela Veronica , Nyakirang’ani Nzagi , Kaale Eliangiringa , Masota Nelson E. , Makoye Paul Malaba
Published: June 2022

Background: Research and development of the new antibacterial agents are among the strategized measures to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In the recent decades, biotransformation has been demonstrated as an alternative and effective approach for scavenging the new molecules. There is a high probability of obtaining active metabolites through biotransformation of known compounds possessing antibacterial activities. This study intended to search for new compounds by biotransformation of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin antibiotics using Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom.Method: Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom culture was incorporated with antibiotics and incubated for 12 days. The mixture was extracted and analysed by using Thin layer Chromatography (TLC) method to identify newly formed compounds. The TLC chromatograms were then subjected to agar overly bioautography to determine antibacterial activity of the new compounds. Results: Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin antibiotics were metabolized by P. ostreatus to possibly new metabolites. The TLC analysis indicated that ceftriaxone was metabolized to give three new spots and ciprofloxacin gave only one new spot which infer the formation of new compounds from biotransformation by P. ostreatus mushroom. Bioautography showed the new spots from biotransformation of ceftriaxone to be active against S. aureus both standard and clinical isolates as well as active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The new spot from biotransformation of ciprofloxacin was only active to standard of E. coli.Conclusion: P. ostreatus mushroom has the potential to bio transform ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin giving antibacterial active metabolites. This shows biotransformation can be considered an alternative tool for searching of new drugs.