bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A DOCÊNCIA EM CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E A EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL NUMA PERSPECTIVA INCLUSIVA
Authors: Silva Rafael Soares , Silva Wanderson Diogo Andrade da
Published: December 2022

Este estudo buscou conhecer e analisar a formação de professores de Biologia, Física e Química e como eles têm trabalhado o ensino dessas ciências com os seus alunos da Educação Especial numa perspectiva inclusiva. Os dados foram gerados a partir do uso de um questionário semiestruturado com 25 professores da área de Ciências da Natureza de escolas públicas de ensino médio no interior e na capital do Ceará, os quais resultaram em três categorias de análise referentes à formação docente, à aproximação profissional e ao ensino-aprendizagem de Ciências no contexto da Educação Especial. Os professores indicaram que não estudaram sobre Educação Especial na graduação, resultando em dificuldades nas suas práticas pedagógicas para ensinar aos alunos dessa modalidade de ensino. As escolas nem o sistema de ensino ofertam formação continuada para os professores relacionada à Educação Especial, havendo maior presença de alunos surdos e com deficiência intelectual nas turmas que os professores lecionam. Defende-se, portanto, a necessidade de que os cursos de licenciatura em Biologia, Física e Química passem a contemplar em seus currículos discussões sobre Educação Especial de forma articulada à essas ciências, permitindo que os professores possam, de fato, trabalhar o ensino de Ciências em uma perspectiva inclusiva junto a esses alunos.
TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM: COMUNICAÇÃO ALTERNATIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL PARA CRIANÇAS COM PARALISIA CEREBRAL
Authors: Santos Marina Antunes dos , Miranda Valdirene De , Rocha Ricael Spirandeli
Published: December 2022

Este estudo objetivou em analisar a utilização de tecnologia assistiva no processo de inclusão de um aluno com paralisia cerebral na educação infantil, em uma escola municipal da cidade de Japaraíba – Minas Gerais, como possibilidade viável de inclusão escolar, apresentando-se como tema relevante para o aprofundamento acadêmico e social. O percurso metodológico ocorreu a partir da pesquisa social de natureza qualitativa, compreendendo as possibilidades de obter novos conhecimentos e reflexões sobre um assunto e/ou temática, utilizando-se da observação pedagógica in loco. Dessa forma, pode-se destacar a urgência de romper com quaisquer barreiras que não vislumbre um acesso digno ao ambiente escolar a todas as crianças, respeitando-lhes suas singularidades, destacando o incentivo à formação inicial e continuada que possa motivar e capacitar os profissionais da educação a trabalhar com a educação especial e inclusiva, conhecendo novas metodologias e tecnologias assistivas.
INDICADORES EDUCACIONAIS DO USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS COMO ESTRATÉGIAS NAS AULAS NÃO PRESENCIAIS NA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19 EM NOVA IGUAÇU/RJ
Authors: TOMAZ ALINE PIMENTA BAZILIO , RODRIGUES ALBA VALÉRIA VARGAS , GONÇALVES SIMONE FERNANDES , VIANA VANIA DAS GRAÇAS SILVA MACHADO
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho aborda um estudo em dados obtidos do censo escolar realizado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP) para resposta educacional à pandemia do Covid-19 no Brasil. A compreensão dos termos censo e indicadores veio a partir de Jannuzzi (2001) e Sass (2012). Sendo assim, os indicadores sociais apontam para o papel da escola em orquestrar a dimensão multilateral como rede de apoio que se dá tanto no âmbito privado/micro com a família quanto ao ambiente mesmo da própria escola, quanto na esfera pública e macro das ações intersetoriais entre saúde e educação. Selecionamos Nova Iguaçu, região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro para sabermos como as políticas públicas desse município se organizaram na promoção das aulas remotas a fim de colhermos dados sobre o uso de tecnologias durante esse período. Através de análise qualitativa dos dados segundo Bardin (2016), realizamos a investigação utilizando os recursos de filtro do Microsoft Excel, aplicativo em que a base de dados foi disponibilizada, para chegarmos as informações desejadas. Ao concluirmos, ficou claro a importância do acesso livre das bases de dados sobre o tema, das ferramentas digitais e computacionais para as aulas remotas, assim como para a realização desses estudos.
MÚSICA E AFETIVIDADE: ELABORAÇÃO DE ATIVIDADES COMO AUXÍLIO NA APRENDIZAGEM MUSICAL DE CRIANÇAS AUTISTAS
Authors: Santos Michelle Batista , Stervinou Adeline
Published: December 2022

O objetivo principal deste artigo foi investigar a relevância dos laços afetivos na educação musical de crianças autistas. Em vista disso, serão apresentadas três atividades musicais no decorrer deste trabalho denominadas “Jogo de imitações”, “Jogo da memória” e “Paisagem sonora”. Essas atividades foram elaboradas para enfatizar claramente os laços afetivos desenvolvidos entre a professora e as crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). A partir do esboço e da discussão em torno dessas três atividades musicais, foi possível perceber que os laços afetivos entre a professora e as crianças foram importantes durante a mediação das atividades, e que a relação afetiva auxiliou na aprendizagem musical das crianças autistas. Enfatizamos a importância da elaboração e realização de atividades musicais baseadas no afeto, assim como a atenção às particularidades das crianças dentro do espectro autista, podendo assim colaborar para uma aprendizagem adaptada incentivando o desenvolvimento musical e uma educação musical mais inclusiva. Além disso, esperamos incentivar os professores de música e de outras áreas a desenvolver práticas inclusivas com crianças que apresentam necessidades específicas por meio de atividades baseadas no afeto.
UM EDUCADOR ITALIANO EM S. PAULO ENTREVISTA COM O DR. UGO PIZZOLI E COM O COMM. TIBURTINO MONDIN PESTANA
Authors: Rosa Hugo Leonardo Rocha Silva da
Published: December 2022

Em 1914, às vésperas da Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918), a convite de autoridades do governo de São Paulo, Ugo Pizzoli (1863-1934) veio ao Brasil para ministrar cursos de Pedagogia e Psicologia Experimental. O objetivo era ensinar a professores, inspetores e diretores de escolas as modernas teorias e métodos em Antropologia, Fisiologia e Psicologia para que pudessem ser aplicados à solução de problemas pedagógicos.
Phonological Analysis of the English Consonants Articulations of Hausa Speakers of English: An Optimality Perspective
Authors: Usman Abdulmalik
Published: December 2022

The pronunciation patterns of most speakers of English as a second language are characterized by regional and ethnic phonological features of their native language. This study sought to examine the consonant articulation of Hausa speakers of English in broadcasting industry in Nigeria. The research was guided by Optimality Theory framework (OT). Participants were drawn from four electronic media in Bauchi State, Nigeria and data were elicited through production test and recording of news broadcasts live from the stations. The findings revealed that the participants ranked IDENTCONT as a high ranked constraints which allowed the importation of voiceless bilabial fricative /ɸ/ from the phonemic inventory of Hausa language into English spoken by the subjects. The results further discovered that /p/ is substituted with/ɸ/ and /θ/ is substituted with /t/, /d/ or /s/. Similarly, /ð/ is realized as /d/ or /z/. /ʒ/ is produced as /dʒ/ or /ʃ. These deviations from RP were caused by phonological processes of spirantinzation/Frication, stopping and affrication.
An On-Campus Approach to Online Mathematics Teaching: A Case Study on a Pre-Calculus Course
Authors: Jin Tonje , Helkala Kirsi
Published: December 2022

Learning in STEM subjects is to a high degree based upon understanding logic, especially in subjects like mathematics. It has always been challenging to preserve the benefits of on-campus teaching and learning while digitalizing the teaching of mathematics. In this article an approach to design for a suitable online pre-calculus course is discussed, that aims to address the challenges. The main focus will be on student active learning in synchronous online environments, technical teaching methods in lectures, and pre-planning of the course. The final exam in the course was held as a closed-book proctored exam on-campus with pen and paper, providing data on comparisons of the final exam scores with the exam from the previous year, in which the entire course was held on-campus. The results indicate a positive effect from the presented design. Also, student surveys indicated high student satisfaction.
KLASİK TÜRK EDEBİYATI’NDA MEMURİYET YOLCULUKLARI
Authors: YILMAZ Gökçehan Aysel
Published: December 2022

Klasik Türk Edebiyatı geleneği içerisinde şairlerin sefer, sürgün, tayin ya da kişisel sebeplerle yaptıkları yolculukları, gezip gördükleri şehirleri konu edinen eserler bulunmaktadır. Bunların başlıcaları seyahatnameler, sefaretnameler ve sergüzeştnameler olup divanlarda ya da mesnevilerin kimi bölümlerinde de yolculuklardan bahseden şiirler, beyitler mevcuttur. Za’ifî’nin Kitâb-ı Sergüzeşt-i Za’ifî’sinde, Bursalı Beliğ’in Sergüzeşt-nâme-i Fakîr be-‘Azîmet-i Tokat’ında, Enderunlu Fâzıl ve Trabzonlu Hazinedar-zâde Âgah Osman’ın Dîvân’larında şairlerin memuriyetleri sebeplerle yaptıkları yolculuklar anlatılmaktadır. Müderris bir şair olan Za’ifî Sivas’tan Diyarbakır’a, Bursalı Beliğ mahkeme naipliği görevi için Bursa’dan Tokat’a, Enderunlu Fâzıl madenleri teftiş etmek amacıyla Erzurum, Gürcistan ve Gence’ye, alay beyliği makamına tayin edilen Trabzonlu Hazinedar-zâde Âgah Osman Ankara’dan Van’a seyahat etmiş; karşılaştıkları kişileri, durumları ve o esnada yaşadıkları olayları detaylı bir biçimde beyitlerinde dile getirmişlerdir. Şairler, olumsuz hava koşulları, yol üzerinde konaklama imkanlarının az ve konforsuz olması, yollarda parasız kalmak ve emniyette olmamak gibi çeşitli sıkıntılarla seyahat ederek yeni görev yerlerine varmışlardır. Çalışmada söz konusu beyitler incelenerek XVI. yüzyıldan XIX. yüzyıla kadar olan dönemde yolculuk yapmanın zorluklarının anlaşılması amaçlanmaktadır.
ESKİŞEHİR’DE YAŞAYAN KIRIM TATAR TÜRKLERİNİN GEÇİŞ DÖNEMİ RİTÜELLERİ: DOĞUM, EVLENME VE ÖLÜM
Authors: DEMİRÇE ALTINTAŞ Pelin , TAŞCI Deniz
Published: December 2022

İnsan hayatında üç önemli dönem bulunmaktadır. Bunlar doğum, evlenme ve ölüm’dür. Halkbilimde “Geçiş Dönemleri” adı verilen bu dönemler etrafında, pek çok tören gerçekleşmektedir. Bu törenlerin tekrarlanması ile geleneklerin oluşması ve geçmişte kaybolmasının önlenmesi aynı zamanda da gelecek nesillere aktarılması sağlanmaktadır. Eskişehir’de yaşayan Kırım Tatar Türklerinin bu dönemlerde gerçekleştirdiği törenlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılan çalışma kapsamında 20 kaynak kişi ile gözlem ve görüşme teknikleri kullanılarak alan araştırması yapılmıştır. Görüşme yapılan kaynak kişilere ulaşmak için kartopu örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Alan araştırması sırasında görüşülen kaynak kişilerin verdiği bilgiler ışığında kendilerine ait gelenek-görenek, inanış ve adetlerin bugünkü inanış ve uygulamalar ile benzerlik taşıyıp taşımadığı ve gerçekleşen törenlerin halen devam edip etmediği saptanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak doğum ve ölüm geleneklerinin günümüzde de devam ettiği, evlenme için gerçekleştirilen pek çok törenin günümüzde artık kalmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kırım Tatar Türkleri için büyük önem taşıyan “tepreş” geleneğinin ise Eskişehir ile birlikte Eskişehir dışında da başka illerde yaşayan Kırım Tatar Türkleri tarafından da halen devam ettiği tespit edilmiştir.
Research on Hydraulic Power System Operation Status Diagnosis Technology Based on Hybrid CNN Model
Authors: Shen Rundong , Zhang Kechang , Shi Jinyan
Published: December 2022

Aiming at the problems that the features extracted from the traditional system operation state are not adaptive and the specific system operation state is difficult to match, a gearbox system operation state diagnosis method based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and two-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. The method uses the continuous wavelet transform to construct the time-frequency map of the hydrodynamic system operating state signal, and uses it as the input to construct a convolutional neural network model, and forms a deep distributed system operating state feature expression through a multilayer convolutional pool. The structural parameters of each layer of the network are adjusted by the back propagation algorithm to establish an accurate mapping from the signal characteristics to the system operating state. In the experiments under different working conditions and different system operation states, the accuracy of system operation state recognition reaches 99.2%, which verifies the effectiveness of the method. Using this method of adaptively learning rich information in the signal can provide a basis for intelligent system operation state diagnosis.
Meta-Analysis of Enteral Lactoferrin Supplementation for Reducing the Risk of Preterm Infants Sepsis
Authors: Supranoto Yehuda Tri Nugroho , Tanuwijaya Dini Cynthia Dewi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Severe COVID-19 in pregnancy is strongly associated with preterm infant late-onset sepsis (LOS), which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. Recently, Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein significantly discovered in human colostrum, shows potential effect on reducing the risk of preterm infant LOS and mortality by its immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactoferrin on reducing the risk of preterm LOS, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and mortality in preterm infants.
Methods: This study followed the guidelines provided by PRISMA. A literature search was conducted with PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The combined effect of LOS, NEC and mortality incidence were presented as risk ratios (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model (REM) or fixed-effects model (FEM) forest plot. Furthermore, the heterogeneity level was checked by I2 and the p-value of the chi2 test.
Results: The incidence of LOS was significantly higher in the control than lactoferrin supplementation group [RR=0.65, 95% CI (0.56,0.77), p<0.00001, I2=56%]. However, there were no significant differences in NEC [RR=0.80, 95% CI (0.63,1.02), p=0.10, I2=39%] and mortality [RR=0.94, 95% CI (0.77,1.13), p=0.49, I2=39%], despite the trends are higher in the control group.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that enteral lactoferrin supplementation in preterm infants was associated with a significant reduction in LOS, but not NEC stage II or III and all-cause mortality.
Registered Protocol: The protocol of this review was already registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number CRD42021279189.
The Association Between Age Groups with Clinicopathologic and Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Jayadi Tejo , Rustam Brenda Miriane , Kristi Puji , Dewi Ngesti Chintia , Probowati Wiwiek , Hariatmoko Hariatmoko , Siagian Jonathan Willy
Published: December 2022

 

Introduction: The increase in incidence proportion of breast cancer disease among young patients < 40 years old is exceeding that of older patients. The purpose of the research is to know the differences between clinicopathologic and molecular subtypes between patients < 40 years old and ≥ 40 years old.

Methods: The conducting research on Medical Records (MR) was an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The independent variable was age. Dependent variables were histopathological type, stage of disease, grade of tumor, and molecular subtype of cancer. Univariate analyses to describe the samples. The differences between those variables according to age groups were analyzed by a bivariate statistic and the odds ratio with a confident interval (CI) of 95% of each variable would be displayed by binary logistic regression statistic. 

Results: The most prevalent age of breast cancer patients was in the range of 50-59 years (47%), the mean age of 53.66 ± 0.977 years, in the range of 29 years old to 86 years old, and patients aged < 40 years was 12%. Ductal carcinoma type (89.7%), stage III tumor (40.2%), poor differentiation grade III (60.7%), and luminal A subtype (42.7%) were the most prevalent clinicopathologic and molecular subtypes. There weren’t differences between histopathologic type, stage of disease, and molecular subtype with age. The histopathologic grade was different from the age variable (p=0.015). Old age had worse histopathologic differentiation than young age (OR 2.166; 95% CI 0.973-4.823).
Conclusions: There weren’t significant differences between stage and molecular subtypes of breast cancer between age groups. There was poorer histopathologic differentiation in patients ≥ 40 years. 
 
The changing role of migrant grandparents and the emergence of dual-core familism in urban China
Authors: Xu Hongyu , Huang Yixiong
Published: December 2022

In China, Confucian authoritative familism has long established the tradition of paternal grandparents caring for grandchildren. With urbanisation in progress, many older people choose to settle in cities with their children, mainly to look after their grandchildren, and are known as ‘migrant grandparents’. Through a study of this group in Shanghai, the article reveals four other roles of migrant grandparents in addition to the role of caregivers: namely, workers, leisure seekers, in-laws (qingjia) and spouses. The prioritisation of grandparents’ roles demonstrates their increasing subjectivity in self-determination, transformative social values and personal life expectations. This article argues that Chinese older adults have begun to individualise and that these practices have contributed both to the destruction of the collective single-core family model in traditional and neo-familism and the emergence of independent, dual-core familism between two generations.
Multi-functional sensor based on photonic crystal fiber using plasmonic material and magnetic fluid
Authors: Bilal Muhammad Musavir , López-Aguayo Servando , Szczerska Małgorzata , Madni Hamza Ahmad
Published: December 2022

A unique highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber, to the best of our
knowledge, is investigated based on plasmonic material and magnetic
fluid (MF) for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and
magnetic field sensor. The designed sensor is explored by tracing the
different parameters such as birefringence, coupling length, power
spectrum, and the peak wavelength of the transmission intensity. The
magnetic field and temperature computation are attained simultaneously
by examining the linear fitting curve and the movement of transmission
peaks. The obtained sensitivity for temperature is 7.1 nm/°C
with an exposure range of 25°C to 100°C. In contrast, the magnetic
field sensitivity is 12 nm/Oe with a detection range of
160–200 Oe. In addition, the resolutions are

−

1.245
∘

C

and 5.53 Oe for temperature
and magnetic field, respectively. Our inspected sensor is used to
detect extremely low and high values of magnetic fields. The
investigated structure is presented with simplification, compactness,
easy implementation, and high sensitivity, which is expected to be a
good foundation for the advancement of optical sensing devices in the
future applications of industries, security, small grids, and
environmental systems.
Correlations between oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) initiations and policies that enable the use of PrEP to address HIV globally
Authors: Tailor Janki , Rodrigues Jessica , Meade John , Segal Kate , Benjamin Mwakyosi Lilian
Published: December 2022

Policies facilitating access to HIV prevention services, specifically for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), can foster enabling environments for service uptake. This analysis aims to establish whether policies enabling broad PrEP eligibility, HIV self-testing, and lowered age of consent to HIV testing and treatment services are correlated with PrEP uptake. Ages of consent vary by country, therefore this analysis focused on how age of consent policies, in general, affect adolescent PrEP uptake. Data was collected from the HIV Policy Lab and AVAC’s Global PrEP Tracker, a database of approximately 334 PrEP projects operating across 95 countries, and linear regression and correlation analyses were conducted via STATA to examine relationships amongst national oral PrEP eligibility, HIV self-testing, lowered age of consent, and national cumulative oral PrEP initiations, as of December 2021. Of all 194 countries tracked by the HIV Policy Lab, only about 7% have adopted all three policies (HIV self-testing, lowered age of consent, and PrEP eligibility policies). Less than 50% have adopted have adopted at least one of these policies. Of the 54 countries that have fully adopted PrEP eligibility policies, less than 30% have co-adopted HIV self-testing or lowered age of consent policies. About 30% of these 194 countries have yet to adopt any of these policies, of which about 14% have indicated information is “unavailable” for at least one of the policies. Analyses conducted for the 91 countries tracked by both the HIV Policy Lab and the Global PrEP Tracker revealed a significant and positive relationship between cumulative individuals initiated on oral PrEP and adoption of HIV self-testing policies (p = 0.01, r = 0.26), lowered age of consent policies (p = 0.01, r = 0.25), and PrEP eligibility policies (p = 0.01, r = 0.26). Stronger advocacy efforts towards approving public health policies, such as those outlined in our analysis, that enshrine and enable access to HIV prevention are necessary.
The mental health impact of multiple deprivations under protracted conflict: A multi-level study in the occupied Palestinian territory
Authors: Hammoudeh Weeam , Mitwalli Suzan , Kafri Rawan , Lin Tracy Kuo , Giacaman Rita , Leone Tiziana
Published: December 2022

Building on the literatures examining the impacts of deprivation and war and conflict on mental health, in this study, we investigate the impact of different forms of deprivation on mental health within a context of prolonged conflict in the occupied Palestinian territory(oPt). We expand the operationalization go deprivation while accounting for more acute exposures to conflict and political violence and spatial variations. We use multilevel modelling of data from the Socio-Economic & Food Security Survey 2014 conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, which included a sample size of 7827 households in the West Bank(WB) and Gaza Strip(GS). We conduct the analysis for the combined sample, as for the WB and GS separately. We use a General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ12) score as our main outcome measure of poor health. We used various measures of deprivation including subjective deprivation, material deprivation, food deprivation, and political deprivation. In addition to the different measures of deprivation, we included acute political, health, and economic shocks in our analysis along with background socio-demographic characteristics. The results indicate significant variance at the locality level. We find a significant association between poor mental health and subjective, economic, political, and food deprivation; health, economic, and political stressors; age, and being a woman. Post-secondary education and wealth have a significant inverse association with poor mental health. Subjective deprivation is the strongest predictor of GHQ12 score in the models whereby people who feel very deprived have GHQ12 scores that are almost 4-points higher than people who do not feel deprived. Economic conditions, particularly subjective measures, are significant predictors of mental health status. Our findings confirm that political and social factors are determinants of health. Feeling deprived is an important determinant of mental health. The community effect suggests that spatial characteristics are influencing mental health, and warrant further investigation.
Detection of trachoma using machine learning approaches
Authors: Socia Damien , Brady Christopher J. , West Sheila K. , Cockrell R. Chase
Published: December 2022

Background

Though significant progress in disease elimination has been made over the past decades, trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness globally. Further efforts in trachoma elimination are paradoxically being limited by the relative rarity of the disease, which makes clinical training for monitoring surveys difficult. In this work, we evaluate the plausibility of an Artificial Intelligence model to augment or replace human image graders in the evaluation/diagnosis of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF).

Methods

We utilized a dataset consisting of 2300 images with a 5% positivity rate for TF. We developed classifiers by implementing two state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Network architectures, ResNet101 and VGG16, and applying a suite of data augmentation/oversampling techniques to the positive images. We then augmented our data set with additional images from independent research groups and evaluated performance.

Results

Models performed well in minimizing the number of false negatives, given the constraint of the low numbers of images in which TF was present. The best performing models achieved a sensitivity of 95% and positive predictive value of 50–70% while reducing the number images requiring skilled grading by 66–75%. Basic oversampling and data augmentation techniques were most successful at improving model performance, while techniques that are grounded in clinical experience, such as highlighting follicles, were less successful.

Discussion

The developed models perform well and significantly reduce the burden on graders by minimizing the number of false negative identifications. Further improvements in model skill will benefit from data sets with more TF as well as a range in image quality and image capture techniques used. While these models approach/meet the community-accepted standard for skilled field graders (i.e., Cohen’s Kappa >0.7), they are insufficient to be deployed independently/clinically at this time; rather, they can be utilized to significantly reduce the burden on skilled image graders.
Long-term changes in body image after bariatric surgery: An observational cohort study
Authors: Bosc Laurène , Mathias Flore , Monsaingeon Maud , Gronnier Caroline , Pupier Emilie , Gatta-Cherifi Blandine
Published: December 2022

Background

While body image improves in the first few months after surgery, data on long-term changes in body image after bariatric surgery are scarce and contradictory.

Methods

We assessed body image through the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale, which measures appearance evaluation and orientation, overweight preoccupation, and self-classified weight. Surveys were conducted before surgery and at regular intervals until 5 years after bariatric surgery.

Results

61 patients were included in the study. No patients were lost to follow-up until 18 months after bariatric surgery. At 5 years, there were 21 patients (34%) lost to follow-up. We detected an overall improvement in body image until 12–18 months post-surgery. Scores declined after 5 years post-surgery but were still higher than preoperative evaluations. Overweight preoccupation did not change throughout the follow-up period. There was a positive correlation between body weight lost and appearance evaluation. There was also a positive correlation between weight loss and the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale. There was a negative correlation between weight loss and overweight preoccupation. Appearance orientation and self-classified weight were not correlated with weight loss.

Conclusions

Body image improved after bariatric surgery but was not maintained for all 5 years after surgery.
#JusticeforGeorgeFloyd: How Instagram facilitated the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests
Authors: Chang Ho-Chun Herbert , Richardson Allissa , Ferrara Emilio
Published: December 2022

We present and analyze a database of 1.13 million public Instagram posts during the Black Lives Matter protests of 2020, which erupted in response to George Floyd’s public murder by police on May 25. Our aim is to understand the growing role of visual media, focusing on a) the emergent opinion leaders and b) the subsequent press concerns regarding frames of legitimacy. We perform a comprehensive view of the spatial (where) and temporal (when) dynamics, the visual and textual content (what), and the user communities (who) that drove the social movement on Instagram. Results reveal the emergence of non-institutional opinion leaders such as meme groups, independent journalists, and fashion magazines, which contrasts with the institutionally reinforcing nature of Twitter. Visual analysis of 1.69 million photos show symbols of injustice are the most viral coverage, and moreover, actual protest coverage is framed positively, in contrast with combatant frames traditionally found from legacy media. Together, these factors helped facilitate the online movement through three phases, culminating with online international solidarity in #BlackOutTuesday. Through this case study, we demonstrate the precarious nature of protest journalism, and how content creators, journalists, and everyday users co-evolved with social media to shape one of America’s largest-ever human rights movements.
Feasibility of a lung airway navigation system using fiber-Bragg shape sensing and artificial intelligence for early diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Gruionu Lucian Gheorghe , Udriștoiu Anca Loredana , Iacob Andreea Valentina , Constantinescu Cătălin , Stan Răzvan , Gruionu Gabriel
Published: December 2022

Currently early diagnosis of malignant lesions at the periphery of lung parenchyma requires guidance of the biopsy needle catheter from the bronchoscope into the smaller peripheral airways via harmful X-ray radiation. Previously, we developed an image-guided system, iMTECH which uses electromagnetic tracking and although it increases the precision of biopsy collection and minimizes the use of harmful X-ray radiation during the interventional procedures, it only traces the tip of the biopsy catheter leaving the remaining catheter untraceable in real time and therefore increasing image registration error. To address this issue, we developed a shape sensing guidance system containing a fiber-Bragg grating (FBG) catheter and an artificial intelligence (AI) software, AIrShape to track and guide the entire biopsy instrument inside the lung airways, without radiation or electromagnetic navigation. We used a FBG fiber with one central and three peripheral cores positioned at 120° from each other, an array of 25 draw tower gratings with 1cm/3nm spacing, 2 mm grating length, Ormocer-T coating, and a total outer diameter of 0.2 mm. The FBG fiber was placed in the working channel of a custom made three-lumen catheter with a tip bending mechanism (FBG catheter). The AIrShape software determines the position of the FBG catheter by superimposing its position to the lung airway center lines using an AI algorithm. The feasibility of the FBG system was tested in an anatomically accurate lung airway model and validated visually and with the iMTECH platform. The results prove a viable shape-sensing hardware and software navigation solution for flexible medical instruments to reach the peripheral airways. During future studies, the feasibility of FBG catheter will be tested in pre-clinical animal models.
Exploring the contributions of sex and traditionally genderized interpersonal-expressive traits to variability in post-trauma pain ratings
Authors: Ghodrati Maryam , Walton David M. , MacDermid Joy C.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Multiple intra- and inter-individual variabilities sculpt the experience of pain. However, integration of sex and gender has been under-explored in explanatory models of pain. This study aimed to examine the role of sex and traditionally genderized interpersonal-expressive traits, and their interactions in explaining the variability of pain ratings.

Methods

Data from 113 participants following acute non-catastrophic musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries were included. Participants completed the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the Gender, Pain and Expectations Scale (GPES). An independent T-test was used to compare differences in BPI subscales between the sexes. Pearson correlations explored the associations between BPI and GPES subscale scores for the overall sample and also for the sample when disaggregated by sex. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the interaction of sex and gender traits in explaining the BPI scores.

Results

No differences were found between the sexes in mean BPI Severity and Interference. Across sexes, Relationship-oriented was positively associated with greater BPI Severity (r = 0.20) and Emotive was positively associated with BPI Interference (r = 0.24). In sex-disaggregated analyses, these associations were significant in females only. Goal-oriented was associated with neither BPI Severity nor Interference. In multivariate regression, only Emotive was a significant predictor of BPI Interference.

Discussion

The findings suggest that variances in pain-related interference are partially explained by scores on a scale measuring self-perceptions of Emotive qualities. Sex was not predictive of either pain outcome in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. Researchers and clinicians are encouraged to consider both sex- and gender-based variables when interpreting patient pain reports.
Feasibility of combining short tandem repeats (STRs) haplotyping with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in screening for beta thalassemia
Authors: Vuong Vu Viet Ha , Tran Thinh Huy , Nguyen Phuoc-Dung , Thi Nha Nguyen , Le Thi Phuong , Minh Nguyet Dang Thi , Nguyen Manh-Ha , Bui The-Hung , Ta Thanh Van , Tran Van-Khanh
Published: December 2022

β-thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disease with the reduction or absence in the production of β-globin chain in the hemoglobin, which is caused by mutations in the Hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB) gene. In Vietnam, the number of β-thalassemia carriers range from 1.5 to 25.0%, depending on ethnic and geographical areas, which is much higher than WHO’s data worldwide (1.5%). Hence, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) plays a crucial role in reducing the rate of β-thalassemia affected patients/carriers. In this research, we report the feasibility and reliability of conducting PGD in combination with the use of short tandem repeat (STR) markers in facilitating the birth of healthy children. Six STRs, which were reported to closely linked with the HBB gene, were used on 15 couples of β-thalassemia carriers. With 231 embryos, 168 blastocysts were formed (formation rate of 72.73%), and 88 were biopsied and examined with STRs haplotyping and pedigree analysis. Thus, the results were verified by Sanger sequencing, as a definitive diagnosis. Consequently, 11 over 15 couples have achieved pregnancy of healthy or at least asymptomatic offspring. Only three couples failed to detect any signs of pregnancy such as increased Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) level, foetal sac, or heart; and one couple has not reached embryo transfer as they were proposed to continue with HLA-matching to screen for a potential umbilical cord blood donor sibling. Thus, these results have indicated that the combination of PGD with STRs analysis confirmed by Sanger sequencing has demonstrated to be a well-grounded and practical clinical strategy to improve the detection of β-thalassemia in the pregnancies of couples at-risk before embryo transfer, thus reducing β-thalassemia rate in the population.
Innovation and the Financial Performance of Firms during the Great Recession and Recovery Period
Authors: Gomes Nelson , Gonçalves Nuno
Published: December 2022

This study analyzes the relationship between innovation and financial constraints. To this end, a database extracted from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) and the System of Business Accounts (SCIE) was used. The sample consisted of 24,679 active companies operating in Portugal in the manufacturing and service industry between 2008 and 2016. A Recursive Bivariate Probit Model (RPBM) was used for making estimates. When analyzing the relationship between innovation and financial constraints, the results reveal a negative relationship between the two, confirming that firms that are financially constrained are more limited in their investments in R&D, and innovation is less accessible to them. The severity of the effects of financial constraints is heterogeneous across economic activities, strongly affecting innovative industries, while service industries appear to be the least affected. It was also observed that larger companies are better able to innovate. There was a positive relationship between innovation and the variables sales and exports, indicating that innovation will positively affect the financial results of companies.
El documental agrario durante el franquismo: La obra de José Neches
Authors: Calvo Polo Elena
Published: December 2022

SÁNCHEZ NORIEGA, José Luis (Ed.) (2021). Contribución de José Neches al documental agrario español del franquismo (1945-1976). Valencia: Tirant Humanidades, 260 pp. ISBN: 978-84-18656-54-5.
A fenntarthatóságra nevelési törekvések hatásának értékelése hazai középiskolákban és kapcsolódó kutatásmódszertani ajánlások
Authors: Mónus Ferenc
Published: December 2022

A környezeti attitűdök és környezetbarát viselkedés mérése az
iskolákban kulcsfontosságú annak felméréséhez, hogy az iskolákban folyó
pedagógiai munka során mennyire valósulnak meg a diákok fenntarthatósággal
kapcsolatos attitűdjeinek és viselkedésének környezetbarát irányba való
fejlesztésének elvárásai. Ezáltal visszajelzéssel szolgálnak a pedagógiai
munka fejlesztéséhez is. A tanulmányban 14 középiskola diákjainak
fenntarthatósággal kapcsolatos attitűdjeit és viselkedését, valamint
iskoláik és tanáraik fenntarthatóságra neveléssel kapcsolatos törekvéseit
vizsgáltuk. A diákok környezettudatosságát döntően befolyásolta
társadalmi-gazdasági hátterük, de emellett a középiskolák fenntarthatósági
törekvései is pozitívan befolyásolták azt. Eredményeink megerősítették,
hogy az ökoiskolai programban való részvétel folyamatosan segíti az
iskolákat abban, hogy egyre pozitívabb hatással legyenek a
környezettudatossággal összefüggő tudás, készségek és kompetenciák
fejlesztésére.
Iwi’gara, The Kinship of Plants and People: American Indian Ethnobotanical Traditions and Science. By Enrique Salm’on. 2020. Timber Press, Portland, OR. 245 pp.
Authors: Pierotti Raymond
Published: December 2022

This is a book review and soes not have an abstract.
Clinical Use of Peptide-Based Formula (Peptamen Junior®, Nestle) in the Paediatric Population
Authors: Ford Kristyn , Gilbertson Heather
Published: December 2022

Aim
There is limited published data describing the characteristics of the paediatric population prescribed semi elemental formulas. This retrospective observational audit aimed to describe the characteristics of the paediatric patients who have been prescribed a hydrolysed whey protein, medium chain triglycerides (MCT) based formula, Peptamen Junior® and the nutritional outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective observation audit was completed on a cohort of patients that was prescribed a semi elemental formula between 2016 and 2019 from a single tertiary paediatric medical centre. Data variables were collated such as patient characteristics, indications and modalities of administration, duration and tolerance to the formula.

Results
Data was collated on 375 patients with a median age of 6.2 years. The main underlying medical conditions were haematological/oncology (67%), gastrointestinal disorders (10.7%) and neurological conditions (9.4%). The most common indications for use were chemotherapy related side effects (36.2%), post bone marrow transplant (25.8%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (17.9%). The formula was rarely used as a sole source of nutrition, with 88% patients requiring accompanying forms of nutrition support. The majority of orders prescribed were of standard concentration (80.8%) and tolerance was recorded in 82.8% of patients.

Conclusion
The semi elemental formula Peptamen Junior® appears to be well tolerated in paediatric patients with a variety of medical conditions that have complex pathologies and may have wider scope of use in a more diverse group of medical conditions than currently indicated.
Effect of pH on Phytochemical and Antioxidant Potential of Satawar Tubers (Asparagus Racemosus Willd.)
Authors: Devi Parvesh , Singh Sushila , Sihag Sheetal , Moond Monika , Sangwan Seema
Published: December 2022

Plants are an important source of medicines since ancient times. The traditional system medicine’s use a variety of native plants to diagnose, prevent, and eliminate acute and chronic diseases.Asparagus racemosus(Willd.), also have been widely used for medicinal purpose and its extensively distributed in the tropics and subtropics of India, commonly known as Satawar, belongs to the family Asparagus. The purpose of this was to identify the phytochemicals and to assess the antioxidant potential in aqueous extracts prepared at different pH levels of Satawar tubers. The maximum amount of phenolics and flavonoids content was present at pH 9 i.e.18.88mg GAE/g and 2.83mg CE/g. The total antioxidant capacity was highest at pH 2 (15.96mg AAE/g) and IC50 values of DPPH free radical scavenging activity was the lowest at pH 7, 2582.85µg/mL. According to the whole study, this plant is a very good source of phytochemicals and acts as a powerful antioxidant.
The Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Leaves of Medicinal Plants Tephrosia villosaand Cassia Tora (Linn.)
Authors: Rani Radhika , begum Tahira
Published: December 2022

Medicinal plants Tephrosia villosaand Cassia tora (Linn.) are belongs to the family Fabaceae and widely distributed in India and other tropical regions. Different parts (roots, stem, leaves and seeds) of the both plants have been used in various traditional medicare systems for ailments of human being. In the present study deals with the evaluation of pharmacognostic parameters in terms of the macro and micro-morphological characters and quantitative profiles of the leaves of Tephrosia villosa andCassia tora(Linn.). The observations of the current study can be useful for identification, standardization and authentication of plants.
Seasonality, soil attributes and root biomass in cerrado, cerradão and forest environments, western Amazon
Authors: Gomes Sales Maria Clécia , Brito Filho Elilson Gomes de , Costa Campos Milton César , Gima Relvas Carlos Henrique , Coutrim dos Santos Luís Antônio , Motta Gomes Matheus , Maurício da Cunha José , Pereira de Oliveira Flávio , Almeida Romária Gomes de
Published: December 2022

The Amazon rainforest region presents a phytophysiognomy that ranges from savannas to cerrados, all of them intimately associated to climate and soil characteristics. Evidence has been given that plant growth and development are affected by soil quality and seasonality, thus making it crucial to understand them and how they are related to each other in order to grasp the dynamics of the whole ecosystem. In this context, the goal of this research was to assess how seasonality, soil attributes, and root system biomass are related in natural cerrado, cerradão, and forest areas in southern Amazonas State, in Brazil. Soil samples were collected during dry (June/2018) and rainy (December/2018) seasons from three different layers 0.00–0.05m; 0.05–0.15m, and 0.15–0.30m deep. In each area ten sampling points were randomly chosen. Two kinds of soil samples were collected: the first using 4.0 cm height by 5.1cm internal-diameter soil sample rings; and the second were intact soil lumps. Physical and Chemical soil attributes assessed were macro-porosity (MaP), micro-porosity (MiP), total porosity (TP), soil density (SD), aggregates texture and stability  (GMD and WAR), gravimetric humidity (HG), organic carbon (OC), exchangeable aluminum (Al3+), potential acidity (H+Al), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and root biomass (RB). All data were analysed via Tukey t test and student T test to compare results between seasons and areas. Increasing vegetation density (cerrado < cerradão < forest) was followed by an increment in CEC and OC, showing the importance of these attributes to maintaining biodiversity in environments. In amazon cerrado, rainy season as well a sandier soil textures provided favourable conditions to the growth and development of plants’ root system. Soil attributes were little affected by seasonality, that had greater effect on MiP, TP, SD, and OC, leading to lesser values for these variables during rainy season.
Arte indígena contemporânea, antropofagia da Re-volta
Authors: Souza Sheilla Patricia Dias , Santos Kaingang Tadeu dos
Published: December 2022

Apresentamos uma memória coletiva, baseada na trajetória do Coletivo Kókir. O objetivo é a análise dos processos de criação do coletivo, alinhados ao reconhecimento da ancestralidade indígena. Além dos subsídios teórico-metodológicos da autoetnografia (SANTOS; BIANCALANA, 2017; VERSIANI, 2005), recorremos à pesquisa em artes visuais (REY, 1996) na instauração de uma poética híbrida, urbana, indígena e contemporânea. A partir dos estudos sobre a antropologia reversa (WAGNER, 2010) investigamos em criações compartilhadas formas de incorporar elementos de nossas origens. O conceito de antropofagia reversa de Denilson Baniwa (MOULIN; MARQUEZ; ANDRÉS; CANÇADO, 2022) remete à crítica sobre a modernidade eurocentrada, o que nos impulsiona para a proposição de uma re-volta, associada ao pensamento decolonial (PALERMO,2019). A re-volta sinaliza a não aceitação da subalternidade imposta pela colonialidade aos indígenas e também a incorporação de conhecimentos dos povos originários na arte e cultura brasileira. A análise se justifica pela importância de expandir, por meio da arte, conhecimentos sobre nossos parentes indígenas. Os resultados são expectativas de que o céu não caia na cabeça das futuras gerações (KOPENAWA, ALBERT, 2015).
Balas não matam ideias
Authors: Queiroz Adolpho
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo discute, a partir dos acontecimentos que culminaram com a morte de cartunistas do jornal "Charlie Hebdo", ocorrida em Paris em janeiro de 2015, a importância do humor gráfico como instrumento de conscientização social. Compara a trajetória do semanário à do desenvolvimento do Salão Internacional de Humor de Piracicaba, criado em 1974 e realizado ininterruptamente há 42 anos, sendo uma das maiores mostras de humor gráfico no mundo. E discute, a partir dos trabalhos premiados no Salão, de que forma o humor gráfico mantém-se fiel aos seus princípios de independência e de luta contra a intolerância. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o artigo discute questões ligadas ao campo da propaganda ideológica, motivadora do ataque a Paris e da resistência que se exibe em Piracicaba; ainda neste campo, procura mostrar de que forma a intolerância contra os costumes tem feito com que o humor, cada vez mais permaneça como um símbolo de resistência e busca , a partir das reproduções de em alguns dos trabalhos premiados pelo Salão de Piracicaba, discutir os pontos de vista dos autores brasileiros e internacionais que alcançaram maior relevância com suas contribuições nos campus do cartum e da charge políticas.