bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ LEGO ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ НОВОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Булах Любов , Стрілецька Наталія
Published: March 2022

LEGO технології – найпоширеніша на сьогоднішній час педагогічна система, яка використовує моделі реального світу і предметно-ігрове середовище навчання та розвитку дитини. У такому середовищі дитина почуває себе вільно і радісно розкриває свій творчий потенціал, набуває навиків розуміння та взаємодії з швидко змінним світом, розвиває уміння співпраці та комунікації. Основний принцип – це навчання через дію, коли діти отримують знання в процесі побудови та дослідження різноманітних моделей з конструктора. У статті описано теоретичні аспекти включення LEGO технології в освітній простір Нової української школи, зокрема розглядаються принципи навчання математики в НУШ, формування математичних понять як психолого-педагогічна проблема та сутність технології LEGO.
Nusa Toleransi Terindah (NTT) untuk Merawat Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Multikutural di SMA Negeri 8 Kota Kupang dalam Perspektif Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Datuk Amirulah , Nobisa Syahya N.
Published: March 2022

The country of Indonesia is one of the largest multicultural countries in the world, this can be seen from the socio-cultural and geographical conditions of Indonesia which are so complex, diverse and extensive. Indonesia consists of various ethnic, cultural, and religious groups. The findings show that the ethnological world of education in SMA Negeri 8 Kupang is filled with students from various religions, ethnicities and races who in class or outside the classroom can learn each other. In fact, education in SMA Negeri 8 Kupang adheres to a philosophy that the people of Kupang believe in "Lil Au Nol Dael Banan" which means that building and maintaining Kupang City for the better is the duty of all citizens who seek life in it regardless difference. The handle to live in harmony in good conditions in schools and in the community is important as the values ​​of local wisdom that support so that harmony is maintained. Local wisdom values ​​such as, "Nusi" (mutual cooperation), "Butukila" (tie and hold a sense of brotherhood) and "Suki Toka Apa" (mutual support and help) and "Muki Nena" (a sense of belonging and belonging). And these are the values ​​of local wisdom that continue to be implemented in the lives of students at SMA Negeri 8 Kupang as little as possible to be implemented and practiced in everyday life.

 

Negara Indonesia adalah salah satu negara multikultur terbesar di dunia. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari kondisi sosiokultural maupun geografis Indonesia yang begitu kompleks, beragam, dan luas. Indonesia terdiri atas sejumlah kelompok etnis, budaya, agama yang beraneka ragam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pentingnya niali-nilai pendidikan multikultural untuk dilestarikan dan diparaktikkan siswa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari di sekolah dan masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara etnologis dunia pendidikan di SMA Negeri 8 Kupang dipenuhi oleh para siswa dari berbagai agama, suku, dan ras yang dalam pembelajaran di kelas maupun di luar kelas saling berinteraksi. Pendidikan di SMA Negeri 8 Kupang mempunyai sebuah falsafah sebagai simbol kearifan lokal yakni “Lil Au Nol Dael Banan” yang memiliki arti bahwa dalam membangun dan menjaga Kota Kupang untuk menjadi lebih baik merupakan tugas semua warga yang mencari kehidupan di dalamnya tanpa memandang perbedaan. Pegangan untuk hidup rukun dalam berinteraksi baik di sekolah dan masyarakat menjadi hal penting sebagai nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang mendukung sehingga kerukunan tetap terjaga. Nilai-nilai kearifan lokal seperti, “Nusi” (gotong royong), “Butukila” (ikat dan pegang rasa persaudaraan) dan “Suki Toka Apa” (saling mendukung dan menolong) dan “Muki Nena” (rasa saling memiliki dan mempunyai). Inilah nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang terus diimplementasikan dalam kehidupan peserta didik di SMA Negeri 8 Kupang sedini mungkin untuk dipahami dan dipraktekkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Nilai Karakter Damarwulan-Minakjinggo dan Relevansinya Terhadap Mata Kuliah Sejarah Lokal
Authors: Nurullita Hervina
Published: March 2022

Pembangunan sumber daya manusia di Indonesia tidak luput dari pembangunan karakter bangsa. Untuk mewujudkan karakter bangsa yang kuat dalam menghadapi masa depan, salah satu cara yang paling tepat adalah melalui pembelajaran sejarah perjalanan bangsa. Damarwulan dan Minakjinggo adalah tokoh dalam kearifan lokal Banyuwangi. Kesenian Janger adalah salah satu kesenian yang terkenal di Banyuwangi.Janger Banyuwangi memainkan cerita yang terdapat dalam Serat Damarwulan.Tokoh utama dalam seni Janger ini adalah Damarwulan dan Minakjinggo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pembangunan karakter welas asih, kesatria dan tegas bagi mahasiswa akan lebih mudah jika berangkat dari lingkungan sekitar mahasiswa, yaitu lingkungan budayanya. Meneladani karakter baik dari tokoh dalam budaya setempat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Sumber data penelitian ini didapat dengan wawancara dan observasi langsung dilapangan.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat nilai karakter yang baik dan buruk.Nilai karakter baik dari tokoh Damarwulan yaitu, welas asih, kesatria dan tegas yang bisa diteladani oleh mahasiswa.Sedangkan nilai karakter buruk dari tokoh Minakjinggo yaitu tamak, bangga diri yang berlebihan yang hendaknya dihindari.

 

Building Indonesian human resources cannot be separated from nation-building character. In order to build a strong nation character in the future, we can learn our nation’s history. Damarwulan and Minakjinggo is the figure of Banyuwangi local wisdom. It is a performing art called Janger playing story which is written in the Serat Damarwulan. The main character of Janger Banyuwangi is Damarwulan and Minakjinggo. This research seeks to show how building a character in students is feasible when it begins from the students’ surrounding and cultural experiences. This research used descriptive and analys method. Researcher obtained data from snowball methode by using depth interview and observation. The result showed that Damarwulan and Minakjinggo have good character like welas asih, gentleman, responsibility, honestly, and strong can be role model by student.
Studi Gender dalam Komunikasi Keluarga: Problematik yang Dihadapi Remaja Perempuan dalam Pengambilan Keputusan
Authors: Sholeh Muhammad , Juniarti Gita
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini membahas pola komunikasi berbeda pada empat keluarga dengan anak perempuan yang berencana melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa posisi remaja perempuan sebagai anak mengalami kendala ketika menyampaikan argumentasi terkait keinginan melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi karena keluarga menerapkan tipe komunikasi lissez-faire. Di sisi lain, beberapa keluarga menerapkan tipe komunikasi konsensual yang mengedepankan diskusi tanpa memandang usia dan gender serta komunikasi pluralistik yang membebaskan anak mengambil keputusan untuk masa depan mereka.

 

This research discusses communication patterns that occur in four families in Central Java. These families have daughters who want to continue their college education. The methodology used qualitative with case study approach. This research illustrates the position of daughters side that experiences problems. Some of them were unable to express their desire because the family adopted a lissez-faire type of communication. The other families apply the type of consensual communication that promotes discussion by all family members regardless of age and gender. Some families apply a pluralistic type of communication that children are free to make decisions for their future.
Gugatan Terhadap Perumpunan Ilmu Hukum
Authors: Jemarut Wihelmus
Published: March 2022

UU No. 12 Tahun 2012 menetapkan ilmu hukum dalam rumpun ilmu terapan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni (1) merefkesikan kembali hakikat keilmuan ilmu hukum, dan (2) mereposisi ilmu hukum dalam rumpun ilmu. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) ilmu hukum memiliki kekhasan; objek materialnya norma, cara pandang terhadap objek material yakni normatif, dan bentuk pernyataan ilmiahnya preskriptif. Selain itu ilmu hukum memiliki aspek teoritis dan aspek praktis. Atas dasar itu, (2) ilmu hukum dikategorikan sebagai ilmu dalam rumpun tersendiri (satu rumpun dengan etika) karena memiliki objek material khas.

 

Law No. 12 of 2012 stipulates legal science in the applied sciences. The aims of this research are (1) to re-reflect the nature of legal science, and (2) to reposition legal science within the scientific clump. The research method used is normative research with a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that (1) the legal science has its own characteristics; the material object is the norm, the perspective on the material object is normative, and the form of scientific statement is prescriptive. In addition, the legal science has a theoretical aspect and a practical aspect. On that basis, (2) legal science is categorized as a science in a separate family (one family with ethics) because it has a distinctive material object.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Menggunakan Rasio Solvabilitas dan Likuiditas pada Kantor Kementerian Agama Kota Tarakan
Authors: Anisyah Noor , Syahran Syahran
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami kinerja keuangan  Kementerian Agama Kota Tarakan berdasarkan rasio solvabilitas dan rasio likuiditas. Hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa kinerja keuangan Kementerian Agama Kota Tarakan didasarkan pada rasio solvabilitas yang diketahui sebesar 0,09 pada tahun 2012, artinya 0,09% dari total aset tetap  Kementerian Agama  Tarakan ditutupi oleh utang dari pihak lain. Pada 2013, kuota meningkat menjadi 2,91%. Hal ini menunjukkan kemampuan yang buruk untuk menggunakan aset untuk mengamankan dan membayar utang. Kemudian menurun pada tahun 2014 dan 2015,  meningkat lagi pada tahun 2016, dan menurun lagi pada tahun 2017. Dari perhitungan debt ratio di atas dapat kita simpulkan bahwa nilai rasio yang rendah menunjukkan berkurangnya risiko perusahaan dalam memenuhi semua kewajibannya. Rasio output keuangan saat ini lebih dari 1,0 kali, menunjukkan bahwa Kementerian Agama Kota Tarakan memiliki kapasitas yang kuat untuk membayar kewajibannya, sesuai dengan hasil review rasio likuiditas tahun 2012. Karena rasio aset terhadap kewajiban adalah lebih tinggi dari kewajiban yang dipertahankan. Demikian pula, kemauan membayar utang 1,58 kali pada 2017. Namun, rasio lancar Kementerian Agama Kota Tarakan kurang dari 1,0 kali dari tahun 2013 hingga 2016, menimbulkan keraguan atas kemampuannya untuk membayar utang.

 

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and understand the financial performance of the Ministry of Religion of the City of Tarakan using the ratio of solvency to liquidity. As a result of  data analysis, it was concluded that the financial performance of the Ministry of Religion of Tarakan City is based on the solvency ratio, it was found that the 2012 Debt to Asset Ratio was 0.09 meaning that 0.09% of all fixed assets of the Ministry of Religion Office of Tarakan City were funded by other parties' debts. In 2013 the value of the ratio increased to 2.91%, indicating that it was less able to utilize each of its assets to guarantee and pay off debts that were due. Then the decline in 2014 and 2015 increased again in 2016 and fell again in 2017. Based at the calculation of Debt to Asset Ratio above it may be concluded that the low ratio fee suggests a lower of the danger of the incapacity of the agency to pay all its obligations. The effects of the 2012 liquidity ratio evaluation display that the modern-day monetary overall performance ratio is greater than 1.zero times, the Tarakan City Ministry of Religion has a very good capacity to repay its obligations. Because the contrast of the belongings is more than the liabilities held. Likewise in 2017 with a debt reimbursement capability of 1.fifty eight times. However, the modern-day ratio of the Ministry of Religion of the City of Tarakan withinside the duration 2013-2016 become beneathneath 1.zero times, so its capacity to repay money owed become nonetheless questionable.
Bandar Bakau Tourism Object: The Efforts to Maintain Environmental Sustainability and Improve The Socio-Economic Community
Authors: Kadarisman Yoskar , Susanti Rina
Published: March 2022

Bandar Bakau tourism is an initiative from the community, the local government, and the company. The research objective was to analyze and explain the effects of Bandar Bakau tourism on environmental, social, and economic sustainability. This research used a qualitative method with interview data collection techniques, observation, and documentation. Bandar tourism was well managed, which could provide benefits in maintaining land erodes from seawater so as not abrasion. In terms of the economy, it provided business opportunities and jobs for the surrounding society. This research could be a model of environmental management in coastal areas that integrated community initiatives and ecological and economic interests based on the active participation of all parties.

 

Wisata Bandar Bakau merupakan inisiatif dari masyarakat, pemerintah daerah, dan perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan pengaruh pariwisata Bandar Bakau terhadap kelestarian lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Wisata bandar yang dikelola dengan baik, dapat memberikan manfaat dalam menjaga erosi tanah dari air laut agar tidak terjadi abrasi. Dari segi ekonomi memberikan peluang usaha dan lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi model pengelolaan lingkungan di wilayah pesisir yang mengintegrasikan inisiatif masyarakat dan kepentingan ekologi dan ekonomi berdasarkan partisipasi aktif semua pihak.
Scope of Benefetting from Islamic Green Sukuk for Financing Renewable Energy in the West
Authors: Belasri Hussain
Published: March 2022

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على أداة مالية إسلامية مستجدة، لقيت إقبالً متزايدًا في العالم لكونها تهتم بالاستثمار في المشاريع الصديقة للبيئة، وهي الصكوك الإسلامية الخضراء، فتمت الإشارة إلى مفهومها وإبراز دورها في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة، علاوة على دراسة إمكانية إصدارها في المغرب، بناء على مجموعة من المعطيات منها المرتبطة بالتشريع أو ما يتعلق بالسوق والموارد، وذلك باعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بالإضافة إلى منهج الاستقراء. وخلص البحث إلى أهمية الصكوك الخضراء في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة بأبعادها المختلفة، بالإضافة إلى إمكانية إصدارها بالمغرب أسوة بالتجارب الدولية في المجال )ماليزيا( لا سيما ما يتعلق بالطاقة الشمسية والريحية.
Defiance to Phallogocentricism in Soniah Kamal’s Unmarriaegable
Authors: Farooq Maria
Published: March 2022

This paper highlights the phallogocentric orientation of post-partition Pakistani society and culture that has perpetually tried to create the illusion of priority and superiority of masculinity over femininity to sustain continued dominance. The phallogocentric gender binarism in Soniah Kamal’s Unmarriageable is explored and dismantled with the help of various female characters of the novel like Alys Binnat and Qitty Binnat who are seen making their mark in emerging world by working as a teacher and bloggers or columnist deviating from the long held gender codes of behavior. By using the framework of “Phallogocentricism” a neologism in deconstruction theory coined by Jacques Derrida to criticize binary thinking imposed by patriarchal culture, this paper tends to show the defiance on the part of modern women of Pakistan paving their ways from male influential society through the force of education. Education no longer makes them vulnerable to men, the protagonist Alys Binnat being a teacher urges the younger generations to realize that education is more important than seeking a suitable suitor and that they might have a life beyond marriage and children.
СОЦІОУПРАВЛІНСЬКА СКЛАДОВА ПАТРІОТИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ МОЛОДІ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗБУДОВИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Пірен Марія , Кармалюк Сергій
Published: March 2022

У статті проаналізована соціоуправлінська складова патріотичного виховання української молоді в процесі розбудови держави, економічної кризи та війни на Сході. Стверджується, що перед органами державної влади, публічного управління та вищою школою України поставлені важливі завдання, щодо формування в сучасної молоді державницьких світоглядних переконань та почуття патріотизму. Ухвалені державні цільові програми патріотичного виховання потребують формування цілісної загальнодержавної політики національно-патріотичного виховання, в основі якої – поєднання управлінської вертикалі з інститутами громадянського суспільства. Визначено, що для виконання поставлених завдань необхідне переосмислення підходів з боку органів державного управління, місцевого самоврядування та закладів вищої освіти до патріотичного виховання в контексті трансформації світоглядних переконань молодих українців. Стверджується, що Україна, яка проголосила європейський вектор свого розвитку, має орієнтуватись на європейські практики в системі патріотичного виховання, дотримуючись принципу: «єдність у різноманітності». В результаті проведеного порівняльного аналізу обґрунтовано, що процес реалізації державної програми патріотичного виховання потребує врахування регіональних, етнічних та культурних традицій як умови, що суттєво впливає на формування національної ідентичності молоді. Окремо відзначена необхідність зміни органими публічного управління підходів щодо послідовності ланок соціального ланцюга з «держава – суспільство – людина» на «людина – суспільство – держава». Наголошено на важливості державної підтримки активної діяльності українських молодіжних громадських об’єднань, таких як «Пласт», Спілка української молоді тощо. Констатується, що лише забезпечення з боку органів публічного управління, функціонування центрів національно-патріотичного виховання бажаного результату не дасть.
On an Inflated Unit-Lindley Distribution
Authors: Bapat Sudeep R , Bhardwaj Rohit
Published: March 2022

Modeling fractional data in various real-life scenarios is a challenging task. This paper considers situations where fractional data are observed in the interval [0,1]. The unit- Lindley distribution has been discussed in the literature where its support lies between 0 and 1. In this paper, we focus on an inflated variant of the unit-Lindley distribution, where the inflation occurs at both 0 and 1. Various properties of the inflated unit-Lindley distribution are discussed and examined, including point estimation based on the maximum likelihood method and interval estimation. Finally, extensive Monte Carlo simulation and real-data analyses are carried out to compare the fit of our proposed distribution along with some of the existing ones such as the inflated beta and the inflated Kumaraswamy distributions.
Journal of Statistical Research 2021, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 299-311
Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal Buatan Guru Kimia Pada Tes Ujian Tengah Semester Ganjil Kelas XII MIPA
Authors: Simamora Hendrik , Hartono Hartono , Effendi Effendi
Published: March 2022

This researchi is want to knowithe test quality of items in the mid semester for XII Grade of SMA Negeri 1 PematangsiantarIin academic yearI 2020/2021 basic on terms of reliability test, validity, difficulty index, descriminationi index and disctractor. The research have used thecollecting data’s method was documentation and  to collect some of test item, student answer sheet, answer key  and so do interview to chemistry teachers in this school. Research used subject in this school were grade XII Science 1,2,and 3 of the science students of SMA Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar with total of subject 108 students based on purposive sanpling that researcher which has been used. The research have used  method ofIanalyzed was quantitative descriptiveIconducted and it has used softwere program based of SPSSIversion 25 and Anates version 4.0.9. The result of the research concluded that the quality of the test item has some of category such as showed 2 items (10%) had very good quality and 2 items (10%)too had poorIquality of test  and extremely poor quality in same test and should be suggest to thrown awayand 8 items (40%) known that has good quality, 4 (20%) has moderately quality, 3 (15%) has poor quality of item test and conclude that the quality of item test had moderately good quality based on this research.
Pengaruh Shift Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Ramadhani Lavida , Hariyanto Iwang Saudji , Purwanto Hari , Hasanah Karuniawati
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh shift kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan, pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, dan pengaruh shift kerja melalui motivasi sebagai variabel intervening terhadap kinerja karyawan di Ruang UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di ruang UGD rumah sakit-rumah sakit yang ada di Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian asosiatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh sebagai karyawan bagian UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun yaitu: RSUD dr. Soedono Madiun, RSUD Kota Madiun, dan RS Paru Manguharjo, Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Aisyah Madiun, Rumah Sakit Griya Husada, Rumah Sakit Santa Clara, Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Al-Hasanah, serta Rumah Sakit DKT miliki TNI Angkatan Darat yang berjumlah 155 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh. Instrumen penelitian kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan path analysis. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa: (1) Shift kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Ruang UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun. (2) Shift kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi karyawan di Ruang UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun. (3) Motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Ruang UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun. (4) Shift kerja melalui motivasi sebagai variabel intervening tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan di Ruang UGD rumah sakit di Kota Madiun.

Kata Kunci: shift kerja, kinerja karyawan, motivasi
Spatiotemporal trends in bottlenose dolphin foraging behavior and relationship to environmental variables in a highly urbanized estuary
Authors: Trabue SG , Rekdahl ML , King CD , Strindberg S , Adamczak SK , Rosenbaum HC
Published: March 2022

Marine predator foraging influences community structure and ecosystem functions, which are all linked with environmental variables. Determining variables that are associated with foraging can facilitate the identification of important habitats, which is particularly important in heavily urbanized systems. In the New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary, bottlenose dolphinsTursiops truncatusare exposed to various stressors, including vessel activity and forthcoming offshore wind development. Here, we used passive acoustic monitoring to identify foraging conditions for dolphins from April-October of 2018-2020. When foraging, dolphins produce a series of rapid clicks (‘foraging buzzes’) which can be used as a proxy for foraging activity. We analyzed the relationship between acoustic detections of dolphins and environmental variables using a generalized additive modeling framework. The variables week, sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophylla(chla) concentration were significantly associated with foraging activity at seasonal timescales. Foraging increased with increasing SST and water levels, with the peak of foraging occurring in autumn. The relationship between chlaconcentration and foraging was not straightforward and warrants further research. Diel foraging trends varied seasonally and annually. These results suggest that passive acoustic monitoring and environmental variables may be used to investigate marine mammal behavior and assess seasonal foraging habitat for marine predators within dynamic, heterogenous, and human-dominated environments. Baseline data on dolphin habitat use is vital given the continued expansion of anthropogenic activities and climate-driven shifts in oceanographic conditions that are occurring in this region.
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN (1918-1920) – LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Jagodzińska Maria Beata
Published: March 2022

The following article is a legal analysis of the text of the Declaration of Independence of the first democratic republic in both Muslim and Oriental worlds – Azerbaijani Democratic Republic. Detailed analysis of each point, prefaced with short historical background necessary to understand the process of forming an independent state, reveals the basis of the legal system of then Azerbaijan and could contribute to further research on this topic. Although it has existed for only 23 months, the Republic was able to function well and has left a trace in the history of Caucasus region, as well as has been used as an inspiration for Azerbaijani political elites after the collapse of the USSR in 1991, what also has been described.
Seismic Behavior Analysis of the Bank Slope Considering the Effect of Earthquake-Induced Excess Pore Water Pressure
Authors: Huang Shuai , Zhai Shufeng , Liu Yingjie , Liu Chuanzheng , Goda Katsuichiro , Mou Ben
Published: March 2022

Soil slopes, located near rivers or the sea, often get damaged dramatically under seismic action due to the high groundwater level. To determine the failure mechanism, this study proposed an analytical method for a composite critical slip surface of a multi-layer slope considering the effects of the excess pore water pressure using the Newmark’s method and variational principle. Based on this, a method for evaluating the effects of the excess pore water pressure on the permanent displacement of the slope under seismic action was established, and influence mechanisms of the excess pore water pressure on failure modes of the multi-layer bank slope at different groundwater levels were studied. The research results show that slip surfaces basically have same shapes at different groundwater levels; however, with the rise of the groundwater level, soil above a seepage line is not affected by the excess pore water pressure, and its sliding scale slightly changes. For soil below the seepage line influenced by the excess pore water pressure, the slip surface constantly extends to the interior of the slope, resulting in the increase in the sliding scale. Due to the cumulative increase in the excess pore water pressure, the bank slope at different groundwater levels is generally manifested as shear sliding at the slope toe and tensile fracture at the top. Finally, based on the shaking table test, the proposed method was verified to be reasonable and accurate. This research provides a simple and reliable method for slope engineering technicians to evaluate the stability of water-rich soil slopes.
Teacher’s Perceptions of Using an Artificial Intelligence-Based Educational Tool for Scientific Writing
Authors: Kim Nam Ju , Kim Min Kyu
Published: March 2022

Efforts have constantly been made to incorporate AI into teaching and learning; however, the successful implementation of new instructional technologies is closely related to the attitudes of the teachers who lead the lesson. Teachers’ perceptions of AI utilization have only been investigated by only few scholars due an overall lack of experience of teachers regarding how AI can be utilized in the classroom as well as no specific idea of what AI-adopted tools would be like. This study investigated how teachers perceived an AI-enhanced scaffolding system developed to support students’ scientific writing for STEM education. Results revealed that most STEM teachers positively experienced AI as a source for superior scaffolding. On the other hand, they also raised the possibility of several issues caused by using AI such as the change in the role played by the teachers in the classroom and the transparency of the decisions made by the AI system. These results can be used as a foundation for which to create guidelines for the future integration of AI with STEM education in schools, since it reports teachers’ experiences utilizing the system and various considerations regarding its implementation.
Identification and Verification of Potential Hub Genes in Amphetamine-Type Stimulant (ATS) and Opioid Dependence by Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Deng Xiaodong , Liu Huan , Ke Jianlin , Xiang Mingliang , Ma Ying , Zhang Lixia , Yang Ming , Liu Yun , Huang Feijun
Published: March 2022

Objective: Amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) and opioid dependencies are chronic inflammatory diseases with similar symptoms and common genomics. However, their coexpressive genes have not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to identify and verify the coexpressive hub genes and pathway involved in the pathogenesis of ATS and opioid dependencies.

Methods: The microarray of ATS- and opioid-treatment mouse models was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. GEO2R and Venn diagram were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and coexpressive DEGs (CDEGs). Functional annotation and protein–protein interaction network detected the potential functions. The hub genes were screened using the CytoHubba and MCODE plugin with different algorithms, and further validated by receiver operating characteristic analysis in the GSE15774 database. We also validated the hub genes mRNA levels in BV2 cells using qPCR.

Result: Forty-four CDEGs were identified between ATS and opioid databases, which were prominently enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The top 10 hub genes were mainly enriched in apoptotic process (CD44, Dusp1, Sgk1, and Hspa1b), neuron differentiation, migration, and proliferation (Nr4a2 and Ddit4), response to external stimulation (Fos and Cdkn1a), and transcriptional regulation (Nr4a2 and Npas4). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis found that six hub genes (Fos, Dusp1, Sgk1, Ddit4, Cdkn1a, and Nr4a2) have an area under the curve (AUC) of more than 0.70 in GSE15774. The mRNA levels of Fos, Dusp1, Sgk1, Ddit4, Cdkn1a, PI3K, and Akt in BV2 cells and GSE15774 with METH and heroin treatments were higher than those of controls. However, the Nr4a2 mRNA levels increased in BV2 cells and decreased in the bioinformatic analysis.

Conclusions: The identification of hub genes was associated with ATS and opioid dependencies, which were involved in apoptosis, neuron differentiation, migration, and proliferation. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway might play a critical role in the pathogenesis of substance dependence.
Autoimmune Disease Associated CLEC16A Variants Convey Risk of Parkinson’s Disease in Han Chinese
Authors: Fan Hui-Hui , Cui Lei , Jiang Xiao-Xia , Song Ya-Dan , Liu Shu-Shu , Wu Ke-Yun , Dong Hao-Jia , Mao Miao , Ovlyakulov Begench , Wu Hong-Mei , Zhu Jian-Hong , Zhang Xiong
Published: March 2022

CLEC16A is a membrane-associated endosomal protein implicated in regulating autophagy and antigen presentation. Its genetic variants are broadly associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. Parkinson’s disease (PD), which undergoes autophagy disruption and neuroinflammation, has been clinically observed, for an extensive amount of time, to be associated with autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aimed to understand whether the autoimmune disease associated CLEC16A variants pleiotropically modulate PD risk. Five of such CLEC16A variants, including rs6498169, rs12708716, rs12917716, rs7200786, and rs2903692, were selected and analyzed in a Han Chinese cohort comprising 515 sporadic PD patients and 504 controls. Results showed that rs6498169 and rs7200786 were significantly associated with PD susceptibility (p = 0.005 and 0.004, respectively; recessive model, p = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). Rs6498169 was also associated with the PD subtype of postural instability/gait difficulty (p = 0.002). Haplotype analysis showed that the AAG module in order of rs6498169, rs12708716, and rs2903692 was associated with the highest risk for PD (p = 0.0047, OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.11–1.82). Functional annotation analyses suggested that rs6498169 had high probability to affect transcription factor binding and target gene expression. In summary, the current study demonstrates that the autoimmune disease associated CLEC16A variants convey risk of PD in Han Chinese. Our findings suggest a pleiotropic role of CLEC16A and strengthen the link between PD and autoimmune diseases.
Holistic Approach to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Adverse Events
Authors: Poto Remo , Troiani Teresa , Criscuolo Gjada , Marone Giancarlo , Ciardiello Fortunato , Tocchetti Carlo Gabriele , Varricchi Gilda
Published: March 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block inhibitory molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or its ligand, programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) and enhance antitumor T-cell activity. ICIs provide clinical benefits in a percentage of patients with advanced cancers, but they are usually associated with a remarkable spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) (e.g., rash, colitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis, endocrine, cardiac and musculoskeletal dysfunctions). Particularly patients on combination therapy (e.g., anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1/PD-L1) experience some form of irAEs. Different mechanisms have been postulated to explain these adverse events. Host factors such as genotype, gut microbiome and pre-existing autoimmune disorders may affect the risk of adverse events. Fatal ICI-related irAEs are due to myocarditis, colitis or pneumonitis. irAEs usually occur within the first months after ICI initiation but can develop as early as after the first dose to years after ICI initiation. Most irAEs resolve pharmacologically, but some appear to be persistent. Glucocorticoids represent the mainstay of management of irAEs, but other immunosuppressive drugs can be used to mitigate refractory irAEs. In the absence of specific trials, several guidelines, based on data from retrospective studies and expert consensus, have been published to guide the management of ICI-related irAEs.
Effects of Combined Cataract Surgery on Outcomes of Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tey Kai Yuan , Tan Sarah Yingli , Ting Darren S. J. , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Ang Marcus
Published: March 2022

Objective

A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature-to-date regarding the effects of combined cataract surgery on outcomes of DMEK.

Methods

Multiple electronic databases were searched, including Cochrane Library databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The final search was updated on 10th February 2022. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized studies and large case series (≥25 eyes) of DMEK (pseudophakic/phakic) and “triple DMEK”. A total of 36 studies were included in this study. Meta-analyses were done with risk differences (RD) computed for dichotomous data and the mean difference (MD) for continuous data via random-effects model. Primary outcome measure: postoperative re-bubbling rate; secondary outcome measures: complete/partial graft detachment rate, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell loss (ECL), primary graft failure, and cystoid macular edema (CMO).

Results

A total of 11,401 eyes were included in this review. Based on non-randomized studies, triple DMEK demonstrated a better BCVA at 1-month postoperative than DMEK alone (MD 0.10 logMAR; 95% CI: 0.07–0.13; p < 0.001), though not statistically significant at 3–6 months postoperative (MD 0.07 logMAR; 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.15; p = 0.08). There was no significant difference in rebubbling, ECL, graft failures, and CMO postoperatively between the two groups (p = 0.07, p = 0.40, 0.06, and 0.54 respectively).

Conclusion

Our review suggests that DMEK has a similar post-operative complication risk compared to “triple DMEK” (low-quality evidence), with comparable visual outcome and graft survival rate at 6 months postoperative. High-quality RCTs specifically studying the outcomes of combined vs. staged DMEK are still warranted.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020173760, identifier: CRD42020173760.
Estrogen Suppresses Cytokines Release in cc4821 Neisseria meningitidis Infection via TLR4 and ERβ-p38-MAPK Pathway
Authors: Guo Pengbo , Xu Juan , Liang Hao , Xu Li , Gao Wanying , Chen Ziman , Gao Yuan , Zhang Maojun , Yu Guangfu , Shao Zhujun
Published: March 2022

Estrogen has long been known to possess immune-modulatory effects in diseases, and multiple pathological conditions show great sex disparities. However, the impact of estrogen in Neisseria meningitidis infection has not been determined. The present study aimed to investigate the role of estrogen in N. meningitidis infection and the molecular mechanism. We selected 35 N. meningitidis isolates representing different clonal complexes (cc), serogroups, and isolation sources to infect the HBMEC cell line. Results showed that the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) β in N. meningitidis-infected cells was downregulated compared with that in normal cells. The expression of ERβ induced by invasive isolates was lower than that in carriers. Serogroup C isolates induced the lowest expression of ERβ compared with serogroup A and B isolates. We used four cc4821 N. meningitidis isolates to infect two kinds of host cells (human brain microvascular endothelial cells and meningeal epithelial cells). The results showed that 17 β-estradiol (E2) could inhibit the release of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α after N. meningitidis infection via TLR4. E2 could inhibit the activation of the p38-MAPK signal pathway induced by N. meningitidis infection through binding to ERβ, and significantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in N. meningitidis-infected host cells. This study demonstrated that estrogen plays a protective role in N. meningitidis infection. ERβ is potentially associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines in N. meningitidis infection, which sheds light on a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of invasive diseases caused by N. meningitidis.
Pathogen-Mediated Assembly of Plant-Beneficial Bacteria to Alleviate Fusarium Wilt in Pseudostellaria heterophylla
Authors: Yuan Qing-Song , Wang Lu , Wang Hui , Wang Xiaoai , Jiang Weike , Ou Xiaohong , Xiao Chenghong , Gao Yanping , Xu Jiao , Yang Ye , Cui Xiuming , Guo Lanping , Huang Luqi , Zhou Tao
Published: March 2022

Fusarium wilt (FW) is a primary replant disease that affects Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Taizishen) and is caused by Fusarium oxysporum, which occurs widely in China under the continuous monocropping regime. However, the ternary interactions among the soil microbiota, P. heterophylla, and F. oxysporum remain unknown. We investigated the potential interaction relationship by which the pathogen-mediated P. heterophylla regulates the soil and the tuberous root microbiota via high-throughput sequencing. Plant–pathogen interaction assays were conducted to measure the arrival of F. oxysporum and Pseudomonas poae at the tuberous root via qPCR and subsequent seedling disease incidence. A growth assay was used to determine the effect of the tuberous root crude exudate inoculated with the pathogen on P. poae. We observed that pathogen-mediated P. heterophylla altered the diversity and the composition of the microbial communities in its rhizosphere soil and tuberous root. Beneficial microbe P. poae and pathogen F. oxysporum were significantly enriched in rhizosphere soil and within the tuberous root in the FW group with high severity. Correlation analysis showed that, accompanied with FW incidence, P. poae co-occurred with F. oxysporum. The aqueous extract of P. heterophylla tuberous root infected by F. oxysporum substantially promoted the growth of P. poae isolates (H1-3-A7, H2-3-B7, H4-3-C1, and N3-3-C4). These results indicated that the extracts from the tuberous root of P. heterophylla inoculated with F. oxysporum might attract P. poae and promote its growth. Furthermore, the colonization assay found that the gene copies of sucD in the P. poae and F. oxysporum treatment (up to 6.57 × 1010) group was significantly higher than those in the P. poae treatment group (3.29 × 1010), and a pathogen-induced attraction assay found that the relative copies of sucD of P. poae in the F. oxysporum treatment were significantly higher than in the H2O treatment. These results showed that F. oxysporum promoted the colonization of P. poae on the tuberous root via F. oxysporum mediation. In addition, the colonization assay found that the disease severity index in the P. poae and F. oxysporum treatment group was significantly lower than that in the F. oxysporum treatment group, and a pathogen-induced attraction assay found that the disease severity index in the F. oxysporum treatment group was significantly higher than that in the H2O treatment group. Together, these results suggest that pathogen-mediated P. heterophylla promoted and assembled plant-beneficial microbes against plant disease. Therefore, deciphering the beneficial associations between pathogen-mediated P. heterophylla and microbes can provide novel insights into the implementation and design of disease management strategies.
Spatial and Temporal Persistence of Fluorescent Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS-09 in Intestinal Tract
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Zhao Chenpei , Yang Leining , Jiang Linlin , Zhang Jianlong , Yu Xin , Chen Guozhong , Zhu Hongwei , Tang Wenli , Li Youzhi , Wei Maolian , Zhang Xingxiao , Jia Hong
Published: March 2022

The beneficial effects of the probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) are based on its adherence and colonization ability in the gut. However, little is known about the migration and long-term gut colonization of the strain. This study evaluated the gut colonization modes of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS-09 to identify the strain with long-term gut colonization potential. We established CFDA/SE-labeled RS-09 to study the temporal and spatial distribution of RS-09 in the intestine as well as to analyze its persistence in different parts of the intestine by flow cytometry. This study has shown that the RS-09 strain maintains strong adhesion abilities under acid (pH 2.5) and base (pH 8.5) conditions. In addition, CFDA/SE can be used as an indicator for the labeling of L. plantarum RS-09 in the intestinal tract in vivo. We established a growth kinetics model of RS-09 to elucidate its persistence in the intestine. In vivo persistence experiments showed that the persistence rate of RS-09 was the highest in the cecum (69.5%) and the lowest in the duodenum (12.8%) at 96 h. After 20 days, RS-09 was predominantly localized in the cecum and colon steadily. These studies provide new insights into the long-term persistence of L. plantarum in the gastrointestinal tract. The CFDA/SE label system may be used to study the in vivo colonization dynamics of other probiotic strains.
Clinical Correlation Between Overactive Bladder and Allergy in Children
Authors: Yin Lu , Zhang Zhou , Zheng Yue , Hou Ling , Zhao Cheng-Guang , Wang Xiu-Li , Jiang Kai-Lei , Du Yue
Published: March 2022

Background:

The International Children's Continence Society defines overactive bladder (OAB) as a clinical syndrome characterized by urgency of urination usually accompanied by frequent urination and nocturia symptoms. This study aims to explore the correlation between overactive bladder (OAB) and allergy in children.

Method:

The clinical characteristics of 918 patients diagnosed with OAB from January 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors for OAB were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, and the effect of desloratadine in the treatment of OAB was evaluated.

Results:

The incidence of allergic cough or allergic rhinitis in the mild OAB group was higher than the moderate–severe group. Urodynamics demonstrated that the proportion of patients with a sensitive bladder in the overactive detrusor group was significantly higher than the non-overactive detrusor group. The effective rate of treatment of OAB in patients complicated with allergies and taking desloratadine was 90.14%, which was significantly higher than in patients who were not taking desloratadine, and blood IgE level was a risk factor of ineffective treatment with desloratadine.

Conclusion:

OAB is correlated with allergies in children, and desloratadine can effectively improve OAB symptoms.
Isolation and Characterization of Two Postsynaptic Neurotoxins From Indian Cobra (Naja Naja) Venom
Authors: Huynh Tam M. , Silva Anjana , Isbister Geoffrey K. , Hodgson Wayne C.
Published: March 2022

The Indian Cobra (Naja naja) is among the “Big Four” responsible for most of the snakebite envenoming cases in India. Although recent proteomic studies suggest the presence of postsynaptic neurotoxins in N. naja venom, little is known about the pharmacology of these toxins. We isolated and characterized α-Elapitoxin-Nn2a (α-EPTX-Nn2a; 7020 Da) and α-Elapitoxin-Nn3a (α-EPTX-Nn3a; 7807 Da), a short-chain and long-chain postsynaptic neurotoxin, respectively, which constitute 1 and 3% of N. naja venom. α-EPTX-Nn2a (100–300 nM) and α-EPTX-Nn3a (100–300 nM) both induced concentration-dependent inhibition of indirect twitches and abolished contractile responses of tissues to exogenous acetylcholine and carbachol, in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. The prior incubation of tissues with Indian polyvalent antivenom (1 ml/0.6 mg) prevented the in vitro neurotoxic effects of α-EPTX-Nn2a (100 nM) and α-EPTX-Nn3a (100 nM). The addition of Indian polyvalent antivenom (1 ml/0.6 mg), at the t90 time point, could not reverse the in vitro neurotoxicity of α-EPTX-Nn2a (100 nM). The in vitro neurotoxicity of α-EPTX-Nn3a (100 nM) was partially reversed by the addition of Indian polyvalent antivenom (1 ml/0.6 mg), as well as repeated washing of the tissue. α-EPTX-Nn2a displayed non-competitive antagonism of concentration-response curves to carbachol, with a pA2 of 8.01. In contrast, α-EPTX-Nn3a showed reversible antagonism of concentration-response curves to carbachol, with a pA2 of 8.17. De novo sequencing of α-EPTX-Nn2a and α-EPTX-Nn3a showed a short-chain and long-chain postsynaptic neurotoxin, respectively, with 62 and 71 amino acids. The important observation made in this study is that antivenom can reverse the neurotoxicity of the clinically important long-chain neurotoxin, but not the short-chain neurotoxin, from N. naja venom.