bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The predictability of a target’s motion influences gaze, head, and hand movements when trying to intercept it
Authors: de la Malla Cristina , Rushton Simon K. , Clark Kait , Smeets Jeroen B. J. , Brenner Eli
Published: May 2019

Does the predictability of a target’s movement and of the interception location influence how the target is intercepted? In a first experiment, we manipulated the predictability of the interception location. A target moved along a haphazardly curved path, and subjects attempted to tap on it when it entered a hitting zone. The hitting zone was either a large ring surrounding the target’s starting position (ring condition) or a small disk that became visible before the target appeared (disk condition). The interception location gradually became apparent in the ring condition, whereas it was immediately apparent in the disk condition. In the ring condition, subjects pursued the target with their gaze. Their heads and hands gradually moved in the direction of the future tap position. In the disk condition, subjects immediately directed their gaze toward the hitting zone by moving both their eyes and heads. They also moved their hands to the future tap position sooner than in the ring condition. In a second and third experiment, we made the target’s movement more predictable. Although this made the targets easier to pursue, subjects now shifted their gaze to the hitting zone soon after the target appeared in the ring condition. In the disk condition, they still usually shifted their gaze to the hitting zone at the beginning of the trial. Together, the experiments show that predictability of the interception location is more important than predictability of target movement in determining how we move to intercept targets.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that if people are required to intercept a target at a known location, they direct their gaze to the interception point as soon as they can rather than pursuing the target with their eyes for as long as possible. The predictability of the interception location rather than the predictability of the path to that location largely determines how the eyes, head, and hand move.
Delivering a STINGing Blow to Small Cell Lung Cancer via Synergistic Inhibition of DNA-Damage Response and Immune-Checkpoint Pathways
Authors: Hiatt Joseph B. , MacPherson David
Published: May 2019

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has demonstrated modest responses to immune-checkpoint blockade despite harboring a high mutational burden. In this issue, Sen and colleagues show remarkable synergy between inhibition of the DNA-damage response and the PD-1 axis, resulting in striking tumor regressions in SCLC mouse models.

See related article by Sen et al., p. 646.
Metabolic Checkpoint of Immune Cells in Melanoma Brain Metastases
Authors: Egelston Colt A. , Margolin Kim
Published: May 2019

Metabolic features of both cancer cells and immune cells shift with nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in differential effects on antitumor immune function. The work of Fischer and colleagues demonstrates that increased oxidative phosphorylation in brain metastases in patients with melanoma is a key regulator of intracranial immune surveillance and that inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation could reduce the incidence of intracranial brain metastases in a murine model of melanoma.

See related article by Fischer et al., p. 628.
A FATal Combination: Fibroblast-Derived Lipids and Cancer-Derived Autotaxin Promote Pancreatic Cancer Growth
Authors: Biffi Giulia , Tuveson David A.
Published: May 2019

In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Auciello and colleagues find that in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment activated fibroblasts secrete specific lipids that provide a source of biomass production and signaling molecules for cancer cells, fueling their proliferation and migration. Targeting of this stromal–tumor metabolic cross-talk impairs pancreatic cancer progression and represents a new potential therapeutic opportunity.

See related article by Auciello et al., p. 617.
Endogenous CD4+ T Cells Recognize Neoantigens in Lung Cancer Patients, Including Recurrent OncogenicKRASandERBB2(Her2) Driver Mutations
Authors: Veatch Joshua R. , Jesernig Brenda L. , Kargl Julia , Fitzgibbon Matthew , Lee Sylvia M. , Baik Christina , Martins Renato , Houghton A. McGarry , Riddell Stanley R.
Published: May 2019

T cells specific for neoantigens encoded by mutated genes in cancers are increasingly recognized as mediators of tumor destruction after immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy or adoptive cell transfer. Much of the focus has been on identifying epitopes presented to CD8+ T cells by class I MHC. However, CD4+ class II MHC-restricted T cells have been shown to have an important role in antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, the vast majority of neoantigens recognized by CD8+ or CD4+ T cells in cancer patients result from random mutations and are patient-specific. Here, we screened the blood of 5 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients for T-cell responses to candidate mutation-encoded neoepitopes. T-cell responses were detected to 8.8% of screened antigens, with 1 to 7 antigens identified per patient. A majority of responses were to random, patient-specific mutations. However, CD4+ T cells that recognized the recurrent KRASG12V and the ERBB2 (Her2) internal tandem duplication (ITD) oncogenic driver mutations, but not the corresponding wild-type sequences, were identified in two patients. Two different T-cell receptors (TCR) specific for KRASG12V and one T-cell receptor specific for Her2-ITD were isolated and conferred antigen specificity when transfected into T cells. Deep sequencing identified the Her2-ITD–specific TCR in the tumor but not nonadjacent lung. Our results showed that CD4+ T-cell responses to neoantigens, including recurrent driver mutations, can be derived from the blood of NSCLC patients. These data support the use of adoptive transfer or vaccination to augment CD4+ neoantigen-specific T cells and elucidate their role in human antitumor immunity.
MicroRNA-155 Expression Is Enhanced by T-cell Receptor Stimulation Strength and Correlates with Improved Tumor Control in Melanoma
Authors: Martinez-Usatorre Amaia , Sempere Lorenzo F. , Carmona Santiago J. , Carretero-Iglesia Laura , Monnot Gwennaëlle , Speiser Daniel E. , Rufer Nathalie , Donda Alena , Zehn Dietmar , Jandus Camilla , Romero Pedro
Published: May 2019

microRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that regulate protein expression posttranscriptionally. We previously showed that miR-155 promotes effector CD8+ T-cell responses. However, little is known about the regulation of miR-155 expression. Here, we report that antigen affinity and dose determine miR-155 expression in CD8+ T cells. In B16 tumors expressing a low-affinity antigen ligand, tumor-specific infiltrating CD8+ T cells showed variable miR-155 expression, whereby high miR-155 expression was associated with more cytokine-producing cells and tumor control. Moreover, anti–PD-1 treatment led to both increased miR-155 expression and tumor control by specific CD8+ T cells. In addition, miR-155 overexpression enhanced exhausted CD8+ T-cell persistence in the LCMV cl13 chronic viral infection model. In agreement with these observations in mouse models, miR-155 expression in human effector memory CD8+ T cells positively correlated with their frequencies in tumor-infiltrated lymph nodes of melanoma patients. Low miR-155 target gene signature in tumors was associated with prolonged overall survival in melanoma patients. Altogether, these results raise the possibility that high miR-155 expression in CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells may be a surrogate marker of the relative potency of in situ antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses.
Formação socioespacial e cidades pequenas: um segmento da rede urbana na porção meridional de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Jurado da Silva Paulo Fernando , Bernardelli Mara Lucia Falconi da Hora
Published: May 2019

As cidades pequenas, apesar de comporem a maior fatia do total de cidades do quadro urbano brasileiro, tinham reduzido destaque nas pesquisas acadêmicas, o que não é observado atualmente, visto que há um crescente interesse pelo tema. Em Mato Grosso do Sul, essa realidade também não é diferente, apresentando o estado inexpressivo número de municípios quando comparado a outras realidades do país, apesar de sua imensa extensão territorial. Frente ao exposto, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar um segmento específico dessa rede, enfocando a Microrregião de Iguatemi, constituída, predominantemente, por cidades pequenas. Baseamo-nos na leitura e na avaliação de materiais bibliográficos, bem como na coleta e na sistematização de dados e informações de fontes secundárias para a construção do presente texto. Os resultados alcançados permitem discutir a complexidade que envolve essa microrregião, sublinhando aspectos históricos e geográficos sobre a formação socioespacial da área selecionada para este estudo.
Dinâmica do uso e ocupação da terra na área de proteção ambiental “cuesta” – perímetro Botucatu, SP entre 2000 e 2016
Authors: Silva Cesar de Oliveira Ferreira , Manzione Rodrigo Lilla
Published: May 2019

Esta pesquisa analisou a dinâmica do uso da terra na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Corumbataí-Botucatu-Tejupá (Perímetro Botucatu), conhecida como APA “Cuesta” ou APA Botucatu, dos anos de 2000, 2005, 2010 e 2016 por meio de matrizes de transição. Em todo o período estudado as culturas anuais e silvicultura cresceram de forma contínua, enquanto a pastagem manteve-se como ocupação majoritária, porém, decrescendo continuamente, havendo forte transição entre ambientes pastoris e florestais. A área de preservação ambiental (APP) em 2016 apresentou predomínio de floresta (71,43%) e pastagem (26,57%). Evidencia-se a necessidade de ações de gestão ambiental como recuperação da mata ciliar e acompanhamento do avanço de ocupações produtivas sobre recursos naturais para assegurar a sustentabilidade da APA e a segurança hídrica e ambiental da região.
Geografias das ausências e geografias das emergências
Authors: Paula Cristiano Quaresma de
Published: May 2019

Geografias das Ausências e Geografias das Emergências provocam a refletir em que medida os estudos dos geógrafos reafirmam invisibilidades de sujeitos e territórios. Nesse contexto, entende-se que se faz necessário enaltecer as experiências do local, que resiste às influências do global. Assim é possível identificar as ausências produzidas na Geografia, que enaltece o avanço dos paradigmas da modernização sobre os territórios tradicionais. Bem como promover emergências, destacando o processo de retomada da autonomia no/do território pelas comunidades tradicionais.
“Essa dona tão perversa”
Authors: Diego Marcelo
Published: May 2019

Dos 55 poemas que compõem A rosa do povo, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, 36 foram originalmente publicados na imprensa (1942-1945), e muitos deles fazem referência a esse veículo, quer ao tratá-lo como tema, quer ao estabelecer diálogos com outros textos nele reproduzidos. Propõe-se uma aproximação entre o poeta, a partir de “Caso do vestido”, e Nelson Rodrigues, com o folhetim Meu destino é pecar (sob o pseudônimo de Suzana Flag), ambos estampados nas páginas de O Jornal (1944). Para tanto, e respeitando a natureza distinta dos textos, realiza-se um close reading do poema e um exame do enredo e da retórica da prosa para observar como os escritores figuram o tema da perversão.
Leituras da poesia de Dante Milano
Authors: Kukul Vanessa Moro
Published: May 2019

Poesias, obra editada pela primeira vez em 1948, posiciona Dante Milano (1899-1991) no conjunto dos grandes poetas brasileiros. A primeira recepção crítica da obra milaniana foi veiculada nos periódicos. Trata-se de um conjunto de textos curtos, publicado grosso modo entre as décadas de 1940 e 1950 em jornais e em revistas e, não raramente, em forma de resenha. Neste estudo, interessa-me examinar os textos “O hermetismo e a poesia moderna”, de Sérgio Milliet, e “Mar enxuto”, de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, pertencentes à primeira recepção crítica de Poesias. Essas apreciações permitem (re)pensar a constituição da poesia milaniana, ponderar a permanência ou a obliteração de argumentos críticos em relação a ela e avaliar a historicidade dos discursos críticos acerca dessa poesia.
Michel Foucault, o paradigma da formação e junho de 2013
Authors: Brito Leonardo Octavio Belinelli de
Published: May 2019

O livro Enigma do disforme: neoliberalismo e biopoder no Brasil global, de Giuseppe Cocco e Bruno Cava, retoma a crítica de Michel Foucault a respeito do neoliberalismo para oferecer uma interpretação sobre os impasses políticos da esquerda brasileira e latinoamericana. Para tanto, desdobra essa crítica em dois planos: um, por assim dizer, propriamente histórico, no qual se busca reinterpretar os sentidos da formação histórica brasileira e latino-americana, e outro mais vinculado às disputas interpretativas e políticas surgidas no contexto do que denominam “ciclo progressista” brasileiro e latino-americano.
Literatura de cordel
Authors: Nogueira Antonio Gilberto Ramos
Published: May 2019

O Seminário “Acervos de cordel, bancos de dados e patrimônio em instituições públicas: desafios e perspectivas”, promovido pelo IEB/USP (2018), foi o mote para refletir sobre as singularidades do processo de patrimonialização da literatura de cordel e os usos da cultura popular no âmbito das políticas culturais. O texto analisa o Projeto Literatura de Cordel do Centro de Referência Cultural do Ceará – Ceres (1975-1990) e pontua os desafios e perspectivas das instituições de memória do cordel numa chave de leitura que evidencie a formação de coleção de folhetos por seus colecionadores.
O fluxo perene da literatura de cordel
Authors: Maya Ivone Da Silva Ramos
Published: May 2019

Aproximar Mário de Andrade e os poetas da literatura de cordel pode parecer inusitado, mas se justifica pelo “descobrimento” dessa poética e suas andanças pelo Nordeste, em meados dos anos 1920, e pela adesão à causa popular expressa no alentado projeto de pesquisa Na Pancada do Ganzá, que reuniria toda a produção do folclore nacional, mas que não passou de um importante Prefácio. Foi esse o ponto de  partida do ensaio em que dialogam interlocutores diversos – alguns virtuais à sua obra – como forma de mostrar o aval de Mário em relação não só à literatura clássica nordestina, mas à cultura popular como um todo.
Regionalismo e variação linguística
Authors: Sousa Julienni Lopes de , Lima Luana Nunes Martins de
Published: May 2019

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre fenômenos linguísticos que cercam a linguagem caipira, através dos causos de Geraldo Policiano Nogueira, típico sertanejo do interior de Goiás. Realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico para analisar a linguagem, a cultura e a sociedade, numa abordagem sociolinguística, apontando para o preconceito em relação ao modo de falar de muitas variantes culturais: o falar caipira, que – analisado por meio da escuta, com transcrição de análise de alguns dos causos de Geraldinho – reflete um contexto de vida de inúmeros sujeitos da região. A discussão ainda se dá em torno da imagem do caipira que se projetou em Goiás, procurando correlacioná-la à história regional. Consideramos necessário uma mudança de perspectiva em relação às variedades presentes na língua portuguesa para contribuir com a compreensão histórica, social e cultural das diferenças entre os falares urbanos e rurais.
Presença vs ausência de traços de ruralidade no léxico tocantinense
Authors: Silva Greize Alves da , Borges Patrícia Andréa
Published: May 2019

Até o início do século XX, o Brasil era essencialmente um país rural, dinâmica que tem se modificado com as novas vias de comunicações. Os agricultores têm se deslocado para os grandes centros em busca de melhores oportunidades. Esse processo marca uma nova configuração social e, consequentemente, linguística, visto que o falante, no ambiente citadino, se submetea uma nova situação dialetal, muitas vezes marcada por processos de desenraizamento linguístico. Discute-se a manutenção ou perda de marcas lexicais conceituadas como rurais, a partir da análise dos dados coletados pelo At las Linguíst ico Topodinâmico e Topoestático do Estado do Tocantins (2018), em 12 localidades do Tocantins, junto a 96 informantes estratificados por sexo, idade e tipo de mobilidade.
Modelagem da geodiversidade para o anticlinal de Mariana, sudeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Stênio Toledo , Castro Paulo De Tarso Amorim
Published: May 2019

Os estudos que envolvem o conceito de geodiversidade e metodologias de quantificação desta são relativamente recentes. Neste trabalho, foram utilizadas variáveis geológicas em formato raster para a criação de um mapa que reflete índices de geodiversidade para a região do Anticlinal de Mariana, no sudeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Esse anticlinal é uma estrutura regional localizada na região central do Estado de Minas Gerais, entre os municípios de Ouro Preto e Mariana. Essa estrutura é formada por rochas arqueanas do Supergrupo Rio das Velhas no seu núcleo e pelo Supergrupo Minas, proterozoicas, nas bordas dessa grande dobra. Nos domínios do Supergrupo Minas, observam-se valores superiores de geodiversidade em consequência principalmente da variação litológica que condiciona as características físicas do meio natural. A região passou por — nos últimos três séculos — e ainda registra atividades de mineração de ouro, bauxita, topázio imperial e quartzitos, gerando feições antrópicas em pontos identificados neste trabalho como aqueles que possuem maiores índices de geodiversidade.
Avaliação da suscetibilidade a escorregamento na Serra do Mar pela aplicação da compartimentação fisiográfica
Authors: Gabelini Beatriz Marques , Corrêa Claudia Vanessa Dos Santos , Cerri Rodrigo Irineu , Reis Fábio Augusto Gomes Vieira , Zaine José Eduardo , Giordano Lucília Do Carmo
Published: May 2019

A área de estudo localiza-se nos municípios de Caraguatatuba e São Sebastião, litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, e apresenta alto potencial para ocorrência de escorregamentos, pois está localizada no domínio da Serra do Mar, com relevo escarpado associado ao alto índice pluviométrico da região. Desse modo, análises voltadas ao reconhecimento e maior compreensão dos fatores condicionantes e dos fenômenos naturais, como os escorregamentos, são de grande importância para que possam ser evitados danos e riscos a partir da previsão de tais fenômenos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a suscetibilidade a escorregamento pela aplicação da compartimentação fisiográfica na região que abrange parte dos municípios de Caraguatatuba e São Sebastião (SP). Para alcançar tais objetivos, foram utilizadas técnicas de fotoanálise e fotointerpretação de imagens aéreas que proporcionaram a divisão da área em unidades menores, de acordo com características fisiográficas semelhantes, que favoreceram a escolha de fatores condicionantes à ocorrência de escorregamentos. Além disso, também foram utilizados inventários de cicatrizes de escorregamentos em dois períodos distintos (1976 e 2011). A associação do mapa de cicatrizes de escorregamentos com a análise da compartimentação fisiográfica foi fundamental para a elaboração desta pesquisa, pois validou as informações adquiridas pela compartimentação e determinou os pesos dos fatores condicionantes na elaboração do mapa de suscetibilidade. Os resultados mostraram que, entre as 16 unidades fisiográficas, as com alta suscetibilidade — IV, V, VI, VIII, IX e XII — apresentaram declividade predominantemente alta (> 30º), grande amplitude local (acima de 300 m) e rochas de composição gnáissicas e migmatitos.
Magmatismos shoshonítico e cálcio-alcalino de alto potássio pós-orogênico (615 Ma) na porção leste do Domínio Macururé, Sistema Orogênico Sergipano: Stocks Propriá, Amparo do São Francisco e Fazenda Alvorada
Authors: Rosa Maria De Lourdes da Silva , Conceição Herbet , Santos Ítalo Santana , Marinho Moacyr Moura
Published: May 2019

Os Stocks Propriá, Amparo do São Francisco e Fazenda Alvorada são intrusivos na parte leste do Domínio Macururé e truncam a foliação regional. Esses corpos apresentam feições geológicas e petrográficas semelhantes e são composicionalmente constituídos por quartzo monzonitos e granitos porfiríticos. Nesses plutons, a biotita é o mineral máfico predominante e hornblenda ocorre em alguns enclaves associados. Os cristais de plagioclásio exibem forte zoneamento, indicando instabilidades durante a cristalização magmática. Os minerais acessórios nessas rochas são apatita, zircão, titanita, minerais opacos. Nos Stocks Propriá e Amparo do São Francisco enclaves máficos microgranulares são abundantes. A idade de cristalização do Stock Propriá é de 615 ± 6 Ma (U-PbShrimp). Os dados geoquímicos indicam que esses stocks correspondem a magmas potássicos, gerados em ambiente orogênico e alojados na crosta em período pós-colisional.
PI3Kα Pathway Inhibition With Doxorubicin Treatment Results in Distinct Biventricular Atrophy and Remodeling With Right Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: McLean Brent A. , Patel Vaibhav B. , Zhabyeyev Pavel , Chen Xueyi , Basu Ratnadeep , Wang Faqi , Shah Saumya , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Oudit Gavin Y.
Published: May 2019

Background

Cancer therapies inhibiting
PI
3Kα (phosphoinositide 3‐kinase‐α)–dependent growth factor signaling, including trastuzumab inhibition of
HER
2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2), can cause adverse effects on the heart. Direct inhibition of
PI
3Kα is now in clinical trials, but the effects of
PI
3Kα pathway inhibition on heart atrophy, remodeling, and function in the context of cancer therapy are not well understood.

Method and Results

Pharmacological
PI
3Kα inhibition and heart‐specific genetic deletion of p110α, the catalytic subunit of
PI
3Kα, was characterized in conjunction with anthracycline (doxorubicin) treatment in female murine models. Biventricular changes in heart morphological characteristics and function were analyzed, with molecular characterization of signaling pathways. Both
PI
3Kα inhibition and anthracycline therapy promoted heart atrophy and a combined effect of distinct right ventricular dilation, dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte remodeling in the absence of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Congruent findings of right ventricular dilation and dysfunction were seen with pharmacological and genetic suppression of
PI
3Kα signaling when combined with doxorubicin treatment. Increased p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation was mechanistically linked to heart atrophy and correlated with right ventricular dysfunction in explanted failing human hearts.

Conclusions

PI
3Kα pathway inhibition promotes heart atrophy in mice. The right ventricle is specifically at risk for dilation and dysfunction in the setting of
PI
3K inhibition in conjunction with chemotherapy. Inhibition of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase is a proposed therapeutic target to minimize this mode of cardiotoxicity.
Replacing Saturated Fat With Walnuts or Vegetable Oils Improves Central Blood Pressure and Serum Lipids in Adults at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Controlled‐Feeding Trial
Authors: Tindall Alyssa M. , Petersen Kristina S. , Skulas‐Ray Ann C. , Richter Chesney K. , Proctor David N. , Kris‐Etherton Penny M.
Published: May 2019

Background

Walnuts have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors, but it is unclear whether these effects are attributable to the fatty acid (
FA
) content, including α‐linolenic acid (
ALA
), and/or bioactives.

Methods and Results

A randomized, controlled, 3‐period, crossover, feeding trial was conducted in individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease (n=45). Following a 2‐week standard Western diet run‐in (12% saturated FAs [
SFA
], 7% polyunsaturated FAs, 12% monounsaturated FAs), participants consumed 3 isocaloric weight‐maintenance diets for 6 weeks each: a walnut diet (
WD
; 7%
SFA
, 16% polyunsaturated FAs, 3%
ALA
, 9% monounsaturated FAs); a walnut
FA
‐matched diet; and an oleic acid–replaced‐
ALA
diet (7%
SFA
, 14% polyunsaturated FAs, 0.5%
ALA
, 12% monounsaturated FAs), which substituted the amount of
ALA
from walnuts in the
WD
with oleic acid. This design enabled evaluation of the effects of whole walnuts versus constituent components. The primary end point, central systolic blood pressure, was unchanged, and there were no significant changes in arterial stiffness. There was a treatment effect (
P
=0.04) for central diastolic blood pressure; there was a greater change following the
WD
versus the oleic acid–replaced‐ALA diet (−1.78±1.0 versus 0.15±0.7 mm Hg,
P
=0.04). There were no differences between the WD and the walnut fatty acid‐matched diet (−0.22±0.8 mm Hg,
P
=0.20) or the walnut FA‐matched and oleic acid–replaced‐ALA diets (
P
=0.74). The
WD
significantly lowered brachial and central mean arterial pressure. All diets lowered total cholesterol,
LDL
(low‐density lipoprotein) cholesterol,
HDL
(high‐density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and non‐
HDL
cholesterol.

Conclusions

Cardiovascular benefits occurred with all moderate‐fat, high‐unsaturated‐fat diets. As part of a low‐
SFA
diet, the greater improvement in central diastolic blood pressure following the
WD
versus the oleic acid–replaced‐ALA diet indicates benefits of walnuts as a whole‐food replacement for
SFA
.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02210767.
Staurosirella andino-patagonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from lake sediments in Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: GUERRERO JOSÉ MARÍA , GARCÍA MARÍA LUJÁN , MORALES EDUARDO A.
Published: May 2019

Staurosirella andino-patagonica, a new araphid diatom found in Holocene and recent surface sediments from lakes located in the Andes and adjacent steppe of Patagonia (Argentina), is described on the basis of light and scanning electron microscopy observations and comparison with related taxa. Although the elliptic valve outline of the new taxon resembles the smaller specimens of several Staurosirella species, ultrastructural features such as the presence of two spines on each virga and their distinct morphology -serrated with thickenings at the base- make Staurosirella andino-patagonica unique within the genus. Our study contributes to the knowledge of the Patagonian araphid diatom flora, a rather unexplored geographic area, and so we assume that, as additional areas are studied in detail, they will likely continue to yield new taxa.
Pleisticanthoides Yokoya, 1933, a valid genus of deep-sea inachid spider crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea), with descriptions of two new species from the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu
Authors: NG PETER K. L. , DE FORGES BERTRAND RICHER
Published: May 2019

The inachid spider crab genus Pleisticanthoides Yokoya, 1933, is revalidated and removed from the synonymy ofPleistacantha Miers, 1879, distinguished by the absence of strong spines on the carapace (with only spinules or setae),unarmed pereiopods (with only stiff setae along margins and not spines), possession of a relatively longer, more slenderocular peduncle with a smaller cornea, slender adult male chelae, and a gently curved male first gonopod which has thedistal part dorsoventrally flattened and without a subdistal process. Three species are recognised from the Indo-WestPacific region: Pleisticanthoides simplex (Rathbun, 1932) (= Pleisticanthoides nipponensis Yokoya, 1933) from Japan, P. cameroni n. sp. from the Philippines, and P. piccardorum n. sp. from Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea.
A new species of Diporiphora from the Goneaway Tablelands of Western Queensland
Authors: COUPER PATRICK , MELVILLE JANE , EMMOTT ANGUS , CHAPPLE STEPHANIE N. J.
Published: May 2019

Australia’s agamid genus Diporiphora is speciose and widespread, however, there remain significant taxonomicuncertainties within this group. Field collections across the range of Diporiphora continue to uncover undocumentedmorphological and ecological variation. A new morpho-type was collected from hard pebbly soils on Valetta Station,western Queensland, providing ample data for the description of a new species (Diporiphora ameliae sp. nov.). Weundertook a morphological study, integrated with a comprehensive genetic study to provide the phylogenetic placementand distinctiveness of the new species. Although superficially similar to Diporiphora winneckei, the new species ischaracterised by well developed ventral body patterns consisting of four longitudinal grey stripes on a cream backgroundand three distinctive dark V-shaped markings that converge anteriorly on the throat and gular area. Molecular data ispresented incorporating a ~1200 bp of the mtDNA protein-coding gene ND2 and five flanking tRNAs for 58 newsequences and 53 previously published sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of the molecular data strongly support the newspecies as an independent evolutionary lineage within Diporiphora. In addition, the molecular data also showed that thereis far greater diversity in Diporiphora winneckei sensu lato than was anticipated. Our results clearly indicate that there are at least three independent evolutionary lineages of D. winneckei-like dragons.
Two New Species of the Genus Atrichopogon Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Mexico
Authors: HUERTA HERÓN , DZUL FELIPE
Published: May 2019

Two distinctive new species of the genus Atrichopogon Kieffer from Mexico are described and illustrated based on adults: Atrichopogon pachito, sister species to A. didymothecae Macfie, and Atrichopogon grogani, similar to A. mexicanus Huerta. The two new species Mexican were collected with Malaise traps.
The genus Caenocrepis Thomson (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in the Afrotropical region, with a key to world species
Authors: MITROIU MIRCEA-DAN
Published: May 2019

Caenocrepis Thomson (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is recorded for the first time in the Afrotropical region and two species, C. simonae sp. nov. and C. formidolosa sp. nov., are newly described from Mozambique and Zimbabwe. A key to the world species of the genus is provided. The two new species show some interesting morphological features such as enlarged clypeal lobes and unusually wide temples, which are not present in any Palaearctic species.
Papuan frogs of the genus Cophixalus (Anura: Microhylidae): new synonyms, new species, and a dichotomous key
Authors: KRAUS FRED
Published: May 2019

Cophixalus represents the most diverse genus of microhylid frogs. Within this group I show that two recently describedspecies are in fact synonyms of species described in the 19th Century. Proper recognition of one of these has been hinderedby the poor state of the syntypes and confused information presented in earlier literature. The second species was simplynot diagnosed against other members of the genus. I also describe five new species: one of these is known only from asingle specimen from far western New Guinea, two occupy the Papuan Peninsula in the east of that island, and two arerestricted to Woodlark Island off the southeastern tip of New Guinea. One of these new species had earlier been mis-iden-tified as C. pipilans, requiring me to herein provide a corrected comparison of features that distinguishes C. desticans fromC. pipilans. These taxonomic changes bring the number of Cophixalus species to 61, of which 42 inhabit New Guinea andimmediately adjacent islands. But much of this region remains poorly surveyed, and, undoubtedly, many additional spe-cies remain to be described. I provide the first dichotomous key for the Papuan members of this genus, which should facilitate description of additional species.
The Brachyura described by John Robert Kinahan, and a discussion on Kinahan’s overlooked authorship of the family-group name Litocheiridae (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Authors: LOW MARTYN E. Y. , MONAGHAN NIGEL T. , HOLMES J. M. C.
Published: May 2019

John Robert Kinahan (b. 1828, d. 1863) published new names for Brachyura collected from Australia, Ireland and Peru inthree publications. The dates of publication of these papers have not been previously determined accurately and some wereissued as separates and/or issued in multiple journals. The dates of these publications are determined, and a list of allknown new names proposed by Kinahan for the Brachyura (and their current identities) is provided. Kinahan is also de-termined to be the author of the family-group name Litocheiridae by an overlooked set of criteria making the name available in 1856.
The advertisement call of Elachistocleis helianneae Caramaschi, 2010 (Anura: Microhylidae)
Authors: DA FONSECA EMANUEL MASIERO , LANNA FLÁVIA MÓL , SANT’ ANNA ANATHIELLE CAROLINE , PEREIRA ELVIS ALMEIDA , SANTOS FELIPE FERREIRA DOS , DE OLIVEIRA NEVES MATHEUS , MÂNGIA SARAH
Published: May 2019

The genus Elachistocleis Parker, 1927 currently comprises 13 species, not considering E. ovalis (Schneider, 1799) (see Caramaschi 2010). This genus occurs in Central America and most of South America, from Panama to Argentina, including Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil (Frost 2011; Nunes-de-Almeida & Toledo 2012). Elachistocleis helianneae Caramaschi, 2010 was described from Humaitá, state of Amazonas, and occurs in northern Brazil, in the states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia, and in Bolivia, in the departments of Beni and Santa Cruz (Caramaschi 2010).
A new genus of Hubbardiidae (Arachnida: Schizomida) from the Colombian Andes, with some taxonomic comments
Authors: MORENO-GONZÁLEZ JAIRO A. , M. OSVALDO VILLARREAL
Published: May 2019

A new genus, Calima, and two new species, C. bremensis and C. valenciorum, of Hubbardiidae are here described,respectively from Bremen Forest, Filandia, Quindio department and Andinapolis, Trujillo, Valle del Cauca department,both localities located in the Colombian Andes. A comprehensive map of the South American species with a four-segmented female flagellum is presented, tables with characters of New World Hubbardiidae genera are provided. The relationships of the new genus within neotropical Hubbardiidae fauna is discussed.
Pyrgeuma pyrgodesmoides, n. gen., n. sp., a new millipede from Malaysia with unusual surface structures (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Heterochordeumatidae)
Authors: SHEAR WILLIAM A.
Published: May 2019

Pyrgeuma pyrgodesmoides n. gen., n. sp., is described from the Cameron Highlands of Malaysia as the sixth (or possiblyseventh) species and third genus of the millipede family Heterochordeumatidae. The new species is remarkable in its re-semblance to members of the unrelated polydesmidan family Pyrgodesmidae, an interesting case of convergent evolutionin the tropical soil and litter fauna. The dorsal surface of the body is covered in small, curved, spatulate microtrichia and the metzonital setae are reduced to nearly undetectable size.
Circumscription, diagnosis and description of two subfamilies and one genus of Australo-Papuan robins (Aves: Passeriformes: Petroicidae)
Authors: CHRISTIDIS LESLIE , IRESTEDT MARTIN , ROWE DIANNE , BOLES WALTER E. , NORMAN JANETTE A.
Published: May 2019

Christidis et al. (2011) conducted a phylogenetic study of the Australo-Papuan robins (Aves: Passeriformes: Petroicidae) and erected three new taxa: two subfamilies, Amalocichlinae and Pachycephalopsinae, and a genus, Cryptomicroeca.  Following the requirements of Article 11.7 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), these were created giving their circumscription, i.e., the lower taxa included in each, respectively.  Additional requirements for the erection of these new taxa, as set out in Article 13.1 (ICZN 1999), however, were unfortunately not met.  This Article (13.1.1) requires that the formation of a new name, in this case at both family and generic level, also provides a description or definition stating in words the characters that purportedly differentiate it from other taxa.  This requirement was not met in Christidis et al. (2011), so we rectify this omission here.  A similar problem that arose with the erection of the robin subfamily Microecinae by Loynes et al. (2009) was subsequently corrected by Loynes et al. (2011).
On the systematic of the water mite Piona laminata (Thor, 1901) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae)
Authors: TUZOVSKIJ PETR V.
Published: May 2019

The first description of larva and deutonymph, and redescription of male and female of the water mite Piona laminata (Thor, 1901) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae) are given.
Sub-family relationships of Bradinothrips Hood and Parascolothrips Mound (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)
Authors: ZHANG SHIMENG , MOUND LAURENCE A. , FENG JINIAN
Published: May 2019

A cladistic analysis based on 31 morphological characters of female adults recovered two genera currently placed in subfamily Thripinae, Bradinothrips Hood and Parascolothrips Mound, as closely related to two Panchaetothripinae genera, Monilothrips Moulton and Zaniothrips Bhatti. Thus, following the results of this analysis, we propose the transference of the first two genera to subfamily Panchaetothripinae, under the tribe Monilothripini.
Porous Nanofibers Formed by Heterogeneous Growth of ZnO/Ag Particles and the Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Li Zhenjiang , Fan Xiaoyan , Meng Alan , Zhang Yunbo , Zhu Kaixing , Li Qingdang
Published: May 2019

Porous ZnO/Ag nanofibers with unique multi-interface contact structures have been synthesized by an electrospinning method. The composite nanofibers with the length of several hundred micrometers are composed of uniformly distributed ZnO and Ag nanoparticles in the size range 10~30
nm. Notably, a heterogeneous growth in the interface of ZnO and Ag particles occurs. The MO degradation rate of ZnO/Ag nanofibers with Ag content of 18 wt.% is 100% in 10 min under UV-vis irradiation and that of ZnO/Ag nanofibers with Ag content of 15 wt.% is 92% in 40 min under simulated
day light, which is two times that of the pure ZnO. It is attributed to a special structure that improves the generation and separation efficiency of the photo-generated charges by the expansion of the absorption edges, the utilization efficiency of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) oscillations
of Ag, and the effective transferring of electrons from ZnO through the heterogeneous-growth interface. No obvious loss of the photocatalytic activity is observed after five cycles, indicating the excellent photostability of ZnO/Ag nanofibers. The work sheds light on the structure design of
highperformance composite photocatalysts.
Behavior Modification of Nanostructured PbO2 Electrodes in Lead Acid Batteries Changing Electrolyte Concentration and Separator
Authors: Greco Giuseppe , Moncada Alessandra , Sunseri Carmelo , Inguanta Rosalinda
Published: May 2019

Currently, lead acid battery is extensively investigated owing to its prevalent use as a startinglighting and ignition device. An essential role for electrochemical reactions is played by the surface area available for conversion reactions and a possible approach is the use of nanostructured
electrodes. In this work, lead dioxide nanostructured electrodes were tested in order to investigate the dependence of the charge and discharge behaviour on some parameters such as electrolyte concentration, and a new type of thin separator. In this last case, it is possible to reduce the
size of the cell by using a very thin separator comparable to the nanostructured electrode thickness. Besides, a low concentration of electrolyte was also tested for studying its influence on the performance of a nanostructured electrode. Lead dioxide electrodes were cycled at 1C-rate and
discharged to a cutoff voltage of 1.2 V up to 90% of the gravimetric capacity. Electrodes were assembled in a zero gap configuration using a commercial negative plate as counter-electrode with a large excess of active mass in comparison to the nanostructured one. Tests were conducted in very
stressful conditions, in order to compare the behaviour of this new type of battery with that of the commercial one.
Structural and Electronic Characterization Through Spectroscopy Analysis of Gd-Gd2O3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Perdigon-Lagunes Pedro , Estevez Octavio , Zorrilla Cristina , Ascencio Jorge A. , Herrera-Becerra Raul
Published: May 2019

Based on the new necessity of residual dispensing of heavy metals (or even more, rare earths) that are part of the composition of multiple electronic components as the cellular phones or computers; this work reports the use of physical processes for taking advantage of elements from
the electronic residues. Recycling and processing to generate nanomaterials is an attractive option, because the economic and ecologic perspectives. In this work, Gd–Gd2O3 nanoparticles (through a sonic-chemical method at room temperature assisted with Tannic acid
as reduction agent), is reported. The structure characterization was performed over the samples using complementary techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared spectroscopies. The obtained results are related to self-assembling mechanisms. As
a complement, Ultraviolet-visible absorbance data was used to determine some electronic properties such as band structure. Therefore, this work has demonstrated the possibility of synthesizing lanthanide nanoparticles without burning the samples.
The Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-SH-Modified Gold Nanoparticle in One-Pot Synthesis by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Huang Jian-Yuan , Chen Min-Hua , Lin Feng-Huei
Published: May 2019

Colloidal gold nanoparticles have been researched and utilized in many technical applications. However, the conventionalmethods to produce polyethyleneglycol (PEG) immobilized gold nanoparticles have to take several steps, including residual solvent removing. In the study, we propose
an idea green route to synthesize gold nanoparticles by using Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a one-pot reaction. The relationship between Au precursor and S. maltophilia was evaluated systematically. After PEG-SH addition, the bacterial cell wall was broken down and the synthetic
nanoparticles could be released into culture medium. Furthermore, we identified that the crystal structure of synthetic gold nanoparticle was face-center cubic and PEG-SH was immobilized on synthetic gold nanoparticle ideally. The size of Au-PEG-SH was smaller than 30 nm. These findings suggest
that gold nanoparticle with PEG-SH modification could be prepared in an eco-friendly one-pot reaction through the metabolic activity of S. maltophilia.
Laser Flash Raman Spectroscopy Method for Characterizing the Specific Heat of a Single Nanoparticle
Authors: Fan Aoran , Li Qinyi , Ma Weigang , Zhang Xing
Published: May 2019

Nanoparticles are widely used in composite materials, nanoscale devices, biological detectors and medical treatment. The thermophysical properties of a single nanoparticle are, therefore, important for both nanotechnology and nanoscience applications. However, property measurements
are limited by the spatial resolution of conventional measurement methods, so there are not yet any effective measurement methods to characterize the thermophysical properties of a single nanoparticle. This paper describes a laser flash Raman spectroscopy method for measuring the specific
heat of a single nanoparticle supported on a free-standing substrate based on a lumped parameter model for the nanoparticle coupled with a transient 2D thermal conduction model for the suspended substrate. A series of square laser pulses are assumed to be used to heat the supported single
nanoparticle in a vacuum. The temperature increases in the single nanoparticle and the suspended substrate are then measured based on their Raman band shifts. The laser absorption coefficients of the nanoparticle and the substrate are then eliminated by comparing the temperature increases
measured using different laser pulse widths. The specific heat of the nanoparticle and the thermal contact conductance between the nanoparticle and the substrate can then be extracted by fitting the temperatures of both the nanoparticle and the substrate. Case studies show that the method
can accurately measure the specific heat of a single nanoparticle about 100 nm in diameter using ~1 ns pulse widths. The influence of the nanoparticle geometry and the thermophysical properties of the substrate are also discussed.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Features of Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) Using Cyclic Voltammetric Strategy
Authors: Saeed Madiha , Ansari M. Tayyab , Kaleem Imdad , Bajwa Sadia Zafar , Rehman Asma , Bano Khizra , Tehseen Bushra , Jamil Nuzhat , Zahoor Mehvish , Shaheen Ayesha , Taj Ayesha , Younis M. Rizwan , Khan Waheed S.
Published: May 2019

The emerging biomedical applications of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) require facile and efficient strategy to assess its interactions with cell membrane. In this study, an efficient and reproducible microwave assisted method was used to synthesize SeNPs with controllable size distributions.
The physical properties of the emergent structures, such as morphology, structure, and size were studied. The antimicrobial applications of SeNPs were assessed by electrochemical analyses that entailed the systematic acquisition of cyclic voltammetry data. Our results demonstrate a straightforward
method to predict the integrity of bacterial cell membranes following the administration of SeNP treatments.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide and Its Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection Using Silver Nanoparticles Anchored on Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Ikhsan Nurul Izrini , Rameshkumar Perumal , Yusoff Norazriena , Huang Nay Ming
Published: May 2019

Silver-reduced graphene oxide (Ag-rGO) nanohybrid was synthesized by applying a slight modification to the Turkevich method using trisodium citrate as a reducing and stabilizing agent to catalyze the non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average particle size of 2.2 nm surfaced on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) obtained from glassy carbon (GC) electrode coated with Ag-rGO nanohybrid (4 mM) exhibited a peak at an overpotential of -0.52 V, with a
larger faradaic current for the reduction of H2O2. Using the modified electrode for the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) detection of H2O2, the detection limit and sensitivity were determined to be 4.8 μM (S/N ═ 3) and 0.0262 μA
μM−1, respectively. The sensor appeared selective and stable towards H2O2 in the presence of possible interference, and it also demonstrated good recoveries of H2O2 concentration in real water samples.
Factors Affecting the Acoustic In Vitro Release of Calcein from PEGylated Liposomes
Authors: Ahmed Salma E. , Moussa Hesham G. , Martins Ana M. , Abbas Yassmine , Al-Sayah Mohammad H. , Husseini Ghaleb A.
Published: May 2019

Typical methods used in cancer treatment, including chemotherapy, are debilitating because of the various adverse side effects experienced by cancer patients. The free drug injected into the patient at given doses affects both healthy and cancerous cells. Therefore, novel methods are
being researched to ensure the selectivity of the treatment. The purpose of this study is to test the release of a model fluorescent drug, calcein, from echogenic stealth liposomes, triggered by lowfrequency pulsed ultrasound. Several experimental parameters related to the ultrasound (US)
and the investigated liposomes were varied in order to examine their effect on the acoustic release. Upon analysis of experimental results, the study concluded that release can be maximized by optimizing the sonication frequency, power density, and US pulse duration. When a non-isothermal
chamber is used to conduct the experiments, it is important to have longer ‘Off’ than ‘On’ US periods in order to avoid overheating the liposomes. Applying such pulsation pattern can also be utilized to achieve slower release rates, which safely meet the
desired drug levels at the end of the session. Our study also concluded that optimizing the liposome concentration is vital to delivering desired drug doses. Additionally, the type of lipids used in the synthesis should be carefully selected to produce stable yet acoustically sensitive liposomes
capable of releasing at desired rates.