bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enriching Students’ Vocabulary Mastery through English Spelling Bee Games
Authors: Pratiwi Putri Tria , Zasrianita Fera , Akbarjono Ali
Published: February 2022

This research aims to enriching students vocabulary mastery by using spelling bee games. The population of this research was the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Kota Bengkulu with consisted of 180 students into seven classes, namely VII A – VII F. After ensuring with the purposive sampling, two classes were finally chosen as the sample of this research: VII D as the experimental class and VII E as the control class. Both of classes consisted of 30 students with almost homogenous score. This research had been conducted at SMP Negeri 15 Kota Bengkulu. This research employed a Quasi-Experimental method. The Experimental class treated by using Spelling Bee strategy, while the control class was using the conventional ways. The pre-test was given to the two groups before giving the treatment. The result of pre-test showed the mean score of experimental class was 60.17 and the control class was 59.83. After giving the treatment, post-test was given. The result of post-test showed the mean score of experimental class was 76.00 and the control class was 69.83. in addition, the result of independent sample T-test (0.094) showed that t-count was smaller than t-table (2.00172) and sig (2-tailed) was higher than 0.05 (0.925 > 0.05). In other words, Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected. In summary, it could be stated that students’ who were taught vocabulary by using Spelling Bee was more effective than using the conventional ways. So, it can be concluded that Spelling Bee has positive effect to the Seventh Grade Students’ at SMP Negeri 15 Kota Bengkulu in vocabulary Mastery.
Analysis of Ideology in Translation on Bilingual Story Book for Children
Authors: Syafutri Tania , Sujarwati Iis
Published: February 2022

This research analyzed the methods, techniques, and ideology in translation on bilingual story book for children entitled “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa.” The theories were used in this research are from Newmark, Molina Albir, and Venuti. This research intended to analyze the techniques, methods, and ideology in translation on “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa.” This research was used descriptive qualitative method because the researcher want to analyze verbal text in written form of “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa”. The source of data in this research was one of text in bilingual story book for children that is “Roro Jonggrang” story. There are several steps of analyzing the data: the first is reading the text entitled “Roro Jonggrang” in “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa”, the second is taking note of several data that need to analyze such as the phrases or sentences in “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa” stories, the third is identifying the technique of translation of “Roro Jonggrang” story in “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa.”, the fourth is observing which the technique of translation that often use in “Roro Jonggrang” story in “Little Sunshine Bilingual Book. Kumpulan Lagu dan Cerita Anak- Anak Dwibahasa” to know about the method that use in translation of this story, the last is after gaining the method that use in translation of this story, the researcher would know about ideology of this translation.
Implication of Conversation in Interactive Dialogue of Public Eyes in Trans 7
Authors: Kausar Aziz Rio , Kasmantoni Kasmantoni , Bustomi Bustomi
Published: February 2022

The phenomenon of implicature is also found in many television programs, such as talk shows, comedy programs, and programs with the concept of motivating listeners or viewers . This research is only about the implicatures of conversation in the interactive dialogue of mata najwa with public officials at Trans7. The problem in this research is how is the function of conversational implicature in the interactive dialogue of Mata Najwa in Trans7. The goal to be achieved in this study is to describe how the function of conversational implicatures in the interactive dialogue between Mata Najwa and Public Officials in Trans7. This research is a research with descriptive qualitative method . Data collection is done by recording and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was carried out through several procedures: (1) data reduction (data selection and data coding), (2) data presentation, and (3) conclusion drawing and data verification . Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, the conclusion of this study the researchers found the function of conversational implicatures in the interactive dialogue of Mata Najwa Trans7 with public officials. The four implicature functions in the form of speech acts are the conversational implicature function in representative speech, the conversational implicature function in commissive speech, the conversational implicature function in directive speech, and conversational implicature in expressive speech. In addition, the researcher also found the meanings of conversational implicatures contained in Mata Najwa Trans7's interactive dialogue with public officials, there were (17) seventeen implicature intentions. These purposes include: 1) stating, 2) explaining, 3) speculating, 4) showing, 5) informing, 6) admitting, 7) giving testimony, 8) reporting, 9) refusing, 10) inviting, 11) urged, 12) suggested, 13) forbade, 14) pleaded, 15) criticized, 16) blamed, 17) insinuated. The most common conversational implicatures in Mata Najwa Trans7's interactive dialogue are conversational implicatures in the representative speech function with a total of 26 utterances. The meaning that appears the most is the intention ( state ).
Indonesian Spelling Errors in the Description Text
Authors: Harzoni Harzoni , Suhirman Suhirman , Eliya Ixsir
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the form of spelling errors in the descriptive text of class VII A students of SMP Negeri 05 Bengkulu City. This study uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive approach. Based on the discussion of research data on the analysis kesalaha n spelling of Indonesian in the essay on pembelaja ran B ahasa Indonesian students of class VII A Junior High School 05 Bengkulu city, the writer can give the conclusion that in general the students of class VII A SMPN 05 Kota Bengkulu have not mastered the use of letters, word writing, the use of punctuation in writing essays. Classically, students have not been able to understand the general use of Indonesian spelling (PUEBI)in writing an essay. Because students still have difficulty in understanding the use of Indonesian spelling. The results of the study concluded that letter errors, writing errors, punctuation errors, from the data that the authors found there were errors in the use of capital letters and italics, words with affixes, errors in writing abbreviations and acronyms, periods, commas, colons, hyphens. , dash. As for errors in the use of letters of the alphabet, vowels, consonants, diphthongs, combinations of consonants and bold letters, basic words, repeated forms, word combinations, word decapitation, particles, numbers and numbers, pronouns, articles, slashes, question marks, exclamation marks, ellipsis marks, quotation marks, single quotation marks, brackets, square marks, and abbreviations were not found errors from the research data.
Green Economy in the Post-pandemic Period: A Framework for Organizational Stakeholder Analysis
Authors: Kavvadia Helen
Published: February 2022

In the current geo-economic landscape, the satisfaction of green economy goals and post-pandemic economic recovery dominate public discussion. Although climate change consequences are increasingly evidenced, economic actors devastated by the economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis are tempted to prioritize some “less green” activity, as demonstrated at the fall 2021 G20 summit and the United Nations COP26 summit in Rome and Glasgow, respectively. This tendency is reflected in the indecision of economic actors in setting future goals, partly as a result of diverging stakeholder forces applied to organizations. Although stakeholders’ views are often not publicly known, they shape organizational policies. To understand the stance of organizations on the dilemma of “climate versus recovery,” it is therefore important to decipher the stance of their stakeholders concerning the two alternative priorities. This article provides a framework for analyzing stakeholders’ positions on this predicament based on how public or private their goals, consultations, and deliberations are. The validity of the proposed framework is tested in a case study approach through the examination of stakeholder preferences shaping the European Investment Bank’s (EIB) decision-making. The European Union’s (EU) bank has been chosen as a case study because it announced its “pivot” to become the first public international climate bank in 2019, and formed an important part of the Union’s first response to the COVID-19 pandemic resilience and stimulus initiatives.
Significado de Cristo Médico en san Agustín
Authors: Sala González Ramón
Published: February 2022

Los Sinópticos atribuyen a Cristo el título de Médico para describir su actividad sanadora (cf. Mc 2,17 par; Lc 4,23). También san Agustín lo usa a menudo en sus escritos, sobre todo, en su predicación. El artículo presenta la lectura agustiniana de esta imagen en continuidad con la tradición patrística anterior y después de repasar algunos de sus presupuestos culturales y religiosos. El “Médico humilde” de san Agustín es un poderoso símbolo, que comunica la única mediación salvífica de Cristo con un lenguaje fácilmente reconocible en nuestros días.
Effect of Natural Waxes on Quality and Shelf Life of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruits
Authors: Mohammed Nosiba A. , Abu-Goukh Abu-Bakr A. , Muddathir Ali M.
Published: February 2022

The effect of three natural waxes (bee, carnauba and jojoba) on quality and shelf-life of ‘Ergon’ tomato cultivar was evaluated.Tomato fruits were harvested at the mature-green stage from a greenhouse belonging to the College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology. Fruits were selected for uniformity of size, color and freedom from blemishes and defects, and transported in field boxes to the laboratory. The fruits were washed, treated with 0.1 % sodiumhypochlorite (Clorox, 5 %) as a disinfectant and air dried. The waxes were dissolved in olive oil (1:1) and applied by brushing over the surface of the fruits in a thin layer. The treatments were: bee wax, carnauba wax, jojoba wax and untreated (control).They were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treated and untreated fruitswere stored in carton boxes for 30 days at 18±1 ˚C and 80- 85 % relative humidity in a cold room at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum. Analysis of variance at significancelevel of P ≤ 0.05 was performed on the data using SBS (version 23) statistic. The results showed that the natural waxes significantly reduced losses, maintained quality and extended shelf-life of tomato fruits. The wax treatments significantly delayed fruit ripening (6, 4 and 2 days), reduced water loss (34.1, 19.4 and 9.7 %), decreased peel color (40, 20and 12 %), fruit softening (87.5, 45.0 and 27.5 %), and total soluble solids accumulation (23.2, 13.4 and 7.2 %), in fruits treated with jojoba wax, carnauba wax and bee wax, respectively, compared with un-waxed (control) fruits. Jojoba wax was most effective, followed by carnauba wax and the least was the bee wax. It is recommended that natural waxes,especially jojoba and carnauba waxes, can effectively be used to delay fruit ripening, reduce weight loss, maintain quality and extend shelf-life of tomato fruits.
Anesthetic Management of A Patient with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Posted For Non–Cardiac Surgery – Case Report
Authors: Anand Smriti , S Vidyalakshmi , Sekhon B S , Sadhu Rakesh
Published: February 2022

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a complex cardiac disorder of genetic origin. Though the patients may be asymptomatic the stress of surgery and anaesthesia is known to exacerbate the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction leading to catastrophic complications. We hereby report a successful anaesthetic management of a patient with left intertrochantric fracture diagnosed with HOCM. Careful and meticulous strategies to prevent LVOT obstruction led to entire uneventful introperative and perioperative course.
ՀԵՏԸՆԹԱՑԻ ԺԱՄԱՆԱԿ ՎԱՐՈՐԴԻ ԳՈՐԾՈՂՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԳՆԱՀԱՏՈՒՄԸ ՏԵԽՆԻԿԱԿԱՆ ԵՎ ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ՏԵՍԱՆԿՅՈՒՆԻՑ
Authors: Sargsyan M.V.
Published: February 2022

Հոդվածում քննարկվել են հետընթացի ժամանակ վարորդների գործողություններից բխող իրավական և տեխնիկական տեսանկյունից իրավիճակային հարցեր: Վեր են հանվել ՀՀ Ճանապարհային երթևեկության կանոններում և «Ճանապարհային երթևեկության անվտանգության ապահովման մասին» ՀՀ օրենքի առանձին հոդվածների դրույթներում տեղ գտած անճշտություններ՝ ներկայացնելով վերհանվող խնդիրներին առնչվող մանրամասն վերլուծություններ: Տեղի ունեցած վթարների կամ վրաերթերի քննությամբ, որոշ դեպքերում Ճանապարհային երթևեկության կանոններում և ճանապարհային երթևեկության վերաբերյալ օրենսդրությունում տեղ գտած անհամապատասխանությունների ու անճշտությունների արդյունքում, շատ հաճախ վարորդների մեղքը մասամբ կամ նույնիսկ ամբողջությամբ բացակայում է: Սույն հոդվածում կոնկրետ օրինակի վերլուծությամբ առաջադրվել է իրավիճակային խնդիր, և վերջինիս լուծման առնչությամբ առաջարկվել են մեթոդական մոտեցումներ, որոնց գործնական կիրառումն, ըստ հեղինակի, զգալիորեն կարող է նվազեցնել մեր երկրում հետընթացով կատարվող վթարների և վրաերթերի դեպքում իրավական և տեխնիկական տեսանկյունից ստեղծվող խնդիրները:
Բանալի բառեր. ճանապարհատրանսպորտային պատահար, հետընթաց, ավտոտեխնիկական փորձաքննություն, ճանապարհային երթևեկության կանոններ, ճանապարհային երթևեկության անվտանգության ապահովման մասին օրենսդրություն:
Characterizing the Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Microbes Isolated from Wildlife Presented to the Wildlife Hospital of Louisiana (Baton Rouge, LA)
Authors: Mitchell Mark , Dahlgran Emily , Roy Alma
Published: February 2022

The isolation of antimicrobial resistant bacteria (ARB) from humans and livestock is a special concern for public health officials. Although research has been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of ARB in human and veterinary hospitals, there has been limited research evaluating the potential for ARB in wildlife and wildlife hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ARB in wildlife presented to the Wildlife Hospital of Louisiana (WHL). Seventy percent (19/27) of the wildlife presented to the WHL during the summer of 2002 had ARB bacteria. In addition, 40 percent (15/37) of the samples collected from within the hospital environment also were found to harbor ARB. Antibiotic resistant bacteria pose a health risk for compromised patients and their human caretakers in a wildlife hospital. Management plans should be developed within wildlife rehabilitation facilities to decrease the likelihood of creating and disseminating ARB.
Pain Management in Wildlife Rehabilitation
Authors: Chepey Trudi
Published: February 2022

Pain management is an emerging concern in all aspects of veterinary medicine. In wildlife rehabilitation, it is especially challenging to recognize and alleviate pain in our patients. There is still a great deal to be learned about pain management, but it is vital that this aspect of the therapeutic plan not be ignored.
Euthanasia in Wildlife Rehabilitation and Specific Considerations for Pelagic and Diving Bird Rehabilitation
Authors: Bill January
Published: February 2022

It is the goal and responsibility of wildlife rehabilitators to provide the best achievable care to the animals that are brought to them for help. Because of the nature of wildlife rehabilitation, by the time the rehabilitator receives the animal, its injuries and/or illness have often progressed to a state beyond a point that will enable the animal to survive when returned to the wild. If an animal cannot be returned to a normal life in the wild, the only options rehabilitators have for a non–releasable animal in their care is life in captivity or euthanasia (Miller 1993). Just as it is vital to have the skills and knowledge to successfully treat a species of wildlife, it is equally important to have the skills to evaluate the animal for euthanasia on intake. Euthanasia is often the only viable option to humanely end an animal’s pain and prevent further suffering. Therefore, euthanasia decisions based on physiological evidence and well–reasoned judgment lead to more humane treatment of wildlife in rehabilitation.

The objective of this paper is to emphasize the importance of this aspect of wildlife rehabilitation, to provide basic euthanasia guidelines, and to outline a set of specific considerations for pelagic and diving bird rehabilitation used at International Bird Rescue Research Center (IBRRC).
Headstarting Turtles—Is it a Valid Strategy for Wildlife Rehabilitators?
Authors: Forrester Harriet
Published: February 2022

Headstarting is the hatching and rearing of turtles in captivity until they reach a size that will discourage predation. Headstarted turtles may be kept in captivity from several months to a few years before they are released. There are two purposes: to boost populations, and/or to establish new nesting sites (most often used with sea turtles). Although some have argued that headstarting turtles increases their chances for survival, others believe that headstarting is useless if it does not address other causes of species decline. In some cases, it may actually be harmful to turtles.
Surrogate Parenting and Developmental Stages of Newborn Western Desert Cottontails (Sylvilagus audubonii) and a Black–tailed Jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) Nursed by a Western Desert Cottontail
Authors: Thome Ginny , Scott Ruth
Published: February 2022

During the summer of 2005, the authors had an unusual opportunity to observe, document, and photograph a surrogate nursing western desert cottontail as she raised several litters of orphaned western desert cottontails and, to the authors’ surprise, a newborn orphaned black–tailed jackrabbit. Given the extent to which adult cottontails usually go to avoid any exposure to humans, the authors were surprised by this adult cottontail’s response. This opportunity opened an amazing window into the interactions and displays that can exist between a surrogate mother rabbit and foster young. This adult also helped clarify the sequence of nursing and separation behaviors that may occur in the wild. This article attempts to fill in a few of the pieces missing in our knowledge about these animals, both descriptively and pictorially.
Introduction to Infectious Wildlife Diseases
Authors: McFarland Melody
Published: February 2022

In the last 10 years, wildlife diseases that were once discussed only on the pages of a microbiology textbook are making their way into the common vernacular. Emerging infectious diseases have been increasingly reported as causes of death in wild animals. These diseases are a particular threat to wildlife species whose population, habitat, or range has been diminished or artificially manipulated to promote species survival (e.g., captive breeding, translocation, and release programs) (Lyles and Dobson 1993). Sometimes the newfound fame of these diseases is the result of sensationalism, yet other times they have garnered rightful attention. How do you make the distinction? Inevitably, you, as a wildlife rehabilitator, will most likely field questions from the public visiting your facility or a concerned neighbor or family member. It is important to disseminate accurate information without either fomenting undue panic or understating danger.
Traumatic Bilateral Mainstem Bronchial Avulsion in a Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Ganz Seth , Bartlett Susan , Solano Mauricio , Tseng Florina , Pokras Mark
Published: February 2022

An adult male red fox (Vulpes vulpes) was hit by an automobile and presented in respiratory distress. Radiographs and a physical examination indicated that both bronchi had been avulsed from the lungs and euthanasia was elected.

This is the first report of a bilateral bronchial avulsion, as well as the first report of large airway avulsion in a canid, as a result of blunt thoracic trauma. Tracheal avulsion is a sporadically reported sequel to blunt trauma in domestic cats. Preliminary diagnosis can be made from history, clinical signs, and radiographs. Bronchoscopy yields a definitive diagnosis. Treatment is most often surgical resection of traumatized ends of airway and anastamosis. Depending on the location and extent of injury, other surgical techniques may be considered.

An index of suspicion for this injury must be maintained in any patient suffering blunt trauma, as patients with this severe injury may present with mild signs and initially respond to conservative therapy. Thoracic radiographs should be obtained promptly in all cases of suspected blunt thoracic trauma.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Non–steroidal Anti–inflammatory Drugs in Wildlife Rehabilitation Birds
Authors: Caruso Sara , Miller Erica , Poppenga Robert
Published: February 2022

While the use of non–steroidal anti–inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is common in many veterinary practices, there is little information on the efficacy and appropriate dosage levels in avian species. This study examined the pharmacokinetics of one NSAID, meloxicam, given orally to wild birds undergoing rehabilitation. Meloxicam was administered at 1 mg/kg. The primary species studied was Canada goose, but red–tailed hawk was included as a comparison between these species of birds. After administration of meloxicam, blood samples were taken at a series of time intervals to determine the concentration of drug in the serum over time. The study concluded that 1 mg/kg is an appropriate dosage but should be administered twice daily instead of once a day due to the elimination rate in Canada geese. These results suggest that red–tailed hawks absorb and eliminate meloxicam at a different rate, but additional studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Raptor Burns from Landfill Methane Burners
Authors: Siftar Gary
Published: February 2022

The nature of the landfill produces a treeless landscape and often attracts an abundance of rodents, an excellent food source for various raptor species. The height of the methane burner stack (60 ft [18.3 m]) makes an ideal perch for raptors waiting for rodents and other prey. The methane burners have an igniter which causes a sudden flame flare that can scorch or even kill anything perched on top, flying over, or located inside the stack.
Case Study: A Split–brood Comparison of Formula for Nestling Songbirds (FoNS ) versus Three Facility–specific Diets
Authors: Sheldon Lani , Drake Anna
Published: February 2022

Thirty–four nestling birds of seven species were used to test whether Formula for Nestling Songbirds (FoNS ) would result in better weight gain, feather growth, and survival rates compared to inexpensive control diets. Ten broods, of 2 to 5 birds, were split into two groups. Some of each brood received FoNS  while others received one of three species specific and facility–formulated control diets. Four species (Bewick’s wren [Thryomanes bewickii], red–eyed vireo [Vireo olivaceus], violet–green swallow [Tachycineta thalassina], and black–capped chickadee [Poecile atricapillus]), received a control diet consisting of dog food supplemented with bone meal, brewer’s yeast, and protein powder. With the exception of the swallows, birds on this control diet generally lost weight, and three of the five died; whereas all six birds from the same broods survived and gained weight on FoNS . Two species, (house sparrow [Passer domesticus] and house finch [Carpodacus mexicanus]) received control diets of chick starter with cat food, hard boiled eggs, bone meal powder, and peanut butter, and one species (European starling [Sturnus vulgaris]) received a control diet based on dog food. For these species, the FoNS  diet and control diets showed similar development, growth, and no deaths. The authors suggest that FoNS  diet is advantageous, especially for small, insectivorous species, but some inexpensive alternatives may be equally suitable for certain species.
Surgical Repair of Ankyloblepharon in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Schott Renée
Published: February 2022

Congenital and acquired ankyloblepharon (complete fusion of the upper and lower eyelids) have been documented in birds (Buyukmihci et al 1990; Pinard et al 2006). Surgical repair of ankyloblepharon in cockatiels (Nymphicus spp.) has been reported as unsuccessful in four cases of presumed congenital origin and successful in one case of acquired ankyloblepharon (Buyukmihci et al 1990; Pinard et al 2006). Two mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) with ankyloblepharon were treated with surgical reconstruction of the eyelids to restore bilateral vision. The first mallard presented as a one–week old orphan. Physical exam findings were normal except for a small amount of mucopurulent discharge from the left eye. Surgical reconstruction of the eyelids was performed successfully, with signs of wound contracture two weeks post–operatively, but no further closure at the three–week recheck. A full thickness corneal scar, anterior synechia, and small cataract were noted during surgery that suggest trauma as a cause for the ankyloblepharon. The second mallard presented with ankyloblepharon of unknown etiology. The first surgical reconstruction was unsuccessful, however a second attempt, using a more rigorous surgical eyelid excision, was successful with no further closure of the palpebral fissure at follow–up two months later. Moderate pododermatitis was successfully treated using systemic antibiotics and Collasate  (PRN Pharmacal, Pensacola, FL) regimen.
Comments on Case Study
Authors: Finke Mark , Winn Diane
Published: February 2022

None provided.
NWRA 2008 Member Survey Report
Authors: Thrune Elaine
Published: February 2022

The NWRA Board of Directors has conducted a survey of members every five years since 1993. Member responses have been read, tabulated, and analyzed. Board and staff members use the resulting report to make informed decisions to prioritize NWRA efforts and expenditures.
NWRA 2008 Member Survey Report: Part 3, Member Benefits and Services
Authors: Thrune Elaine
Published: February 2022

None provided.
Rabies: Animal Bite Management and Specimen Submission
Authors: Rudd Robert
Published: February 2022

None provided.
Natural History and Rehabilitation of the Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana)
Authors: Augustine Rose
Published: February 2022

As the only pouched mammal in the United States, the Virginia opossum is a unique animal for rehabilitators. This paper focuses on the natural history and rehabilitation of orphan opossums, and addresses the common challenges faced in a captive rehabilitation setting. Some of the ideas discussed include feeding, indoor and outdoor housing, enrichment, and release considerations.
Coyotes: Conflict Management for Rehabilitators
Authors: Wittner Dianne
Published: February 2022

Having a permit to rehabilitate coyotes means contending with the horrific persecution and bad press given to this species. It is possible to justify coyote rehabilitation and even to advocate for peaceful co–existence if one is fully prepared with the facts. This means understanding historical and current conflict issues, learning coyote biology and the key role coyotes play in biodiversity, and providing professional, non–adversarial intervention.
Writing in Style: Preparing Manuscripts for NWRA’s Wildlife Rehabilitation Bulletin
Authors: Winn Diane
Published: February 2022

None provided.
Environmental Enrichment in Wildlife Rehabilitation: Study Results
Authors: Hines Corina
Published: February 2022

In 2005, PAWS Wildlife Center received a grant from NWRA to begin a study on the effects of environmental enrichment in wildlife rehabilitation. The first phase of the study was a three–year program in which different enrichment techniques were tested on juvenile raccoons and crows. The process of creating the study, training the volunteers, and results of the study are discussed.
BP Oil Spill Deepwater Horizon Response
Authors: Trout Douglas , Niemeier Maureen
Published: February 2022

In June and July 2010, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) evaluated potential exposures and health effects of workers involved in Deepwater Horizon response activities due to the BP oil spill. The evaluation included on–shore wildlife cleaning and rehabilitation workers in AL, FL, LA, and MS. NIOSH investigators assessed site factors and surveyed workers to collect information on demographics, job duties, occupational exposure to oil or other agents, and health symptoms experienced. Birds were the most common type of wildlife being treated and rehabilitated at the centers. For nearly all health outcomes, more injuries and symptoms were reported among wildlife cleaning workers than among a comparison group. Among the most commonly reported health conditions, scrapes and cuts were reported by 67 percent of workers, and itchy or red skin or rash were reported by 46 percent. Occupational factors unique to oiled wildlife cleaning and rehabilitation likely contributed to the health conditions reported. These factors included: skin contact with oil on the wildlife and in cleaning water; skin exposure to detergents and cleaners; persistent wet skin; and, frequent handling and awkward lifting and moving of wildlife and cages. An occupational health concern common among all Deepwater Horizon response workers was heat stress from work in a hot and humid environment. NIOSH recommended continuing heat stress management plans and use of protective equipment to minimize skin and mucus membrane contact with oil and oil–contaminated water, measures to reduce ergonomic hazards, housekeeping to prevent slippery surfaces, and encouraging workers to report and seek care for health concerns and injuries.
Formula for Nestling Songbirds (FoNS©): Options for 2011
Authors: Winn Diane , Finke Mark
Published: February 2022

Formula for Nestling Songbirds (FoNS©) update for 2011.
Season and Age as Factors in Barred Owl (Strix varia) Admissions
Authors: Berry Glori
Published: February 2022

Barred owl admittance data from Avian Haven, a wildlife rehabilitation facility in central Maine, were examined from April 2005 through March 2011. During this time, 231 barred owls were admitted to the facility, excluding nestlings. A significantly greater number of owls were admitted in the fall and winter months than in the spring and summer months; yearly variations in the fall and winter month admissions also were significant, while those for the spring and summer month admissions were not. Furthermore, a statistically significant proportion of 44 barred owls aged during the 2010/2011 fall/winter season were hatch–year birds, suggesting that yearly variations in barred owl admittance numbers are directly correlated with the number of dispersing hatch–year birds. Finally, in aging the barred owls for this study, a technique using an ultraviolet light source in the form of a black light to examine the fluorescence of porphyrin pigments in the feathers of owls was investigated. It was found to be reliable in differentiating hatch–year owls from adult (after–hatch–year) owls having undergone a partial molt, and has the potential for becoming the definitive method for aging barred owls in a rehabilitation setting.
When Pets Attack Wildlife—Part 3: Talking with the Owner
Authors: Casey Shirley , Kelly Nancy
Published: February 2022

Rehabilitators receive many calls about wild animals injured by domestic pets. This paper describes considerations to enhance the effectiveness of these conversations.
Share it, Pin it, Tweet it: Effective Use of Social Media for Wildlife Rehabilitation
Authors: Nicholson Amanda
Published: February 2022

Flustered by Facebook®? Troubled by Twitter®? Perplexed by Pinterest®? This article provides an overview of the most effective social media tools today—with an emphasis on how nonprofit wildlife rehabilitation centers and organizations can use social media to support their wildlife work. Learn how to effectively and professionally share stories with others while garnering organizational support.
Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury in Morepork Owls: A Review of Diagnostic and Treatment Options
Authors: Jolly Megan
Published: February 2022

The Morepork (Ninox novaeseelandiae) is a small owl (150–200 g adult weight) of the family Strigidae. It is common throughout most of New Zealand and closely related to the Southern boobook (Ninox boobook) and Tasmanian boobook owls (Ninox leucopsis) found in Australia. Morepork are commonly presented to the Wildbase Hospital at Massey University, New Zealand. The vast majority of admissions are related to traumatic injuries with many showing some degree of neurological dysfunction. This review of case records indicates that only 35% of morepork admitted with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovered to the point of release. A failure to return to normal neurological function could be the result of direct trauma to neurological tissues acquired at the time of impact or ongoing damage with altered physiology compounding the initial trauma. While little can be done to treat primary brain insults, treatments that target minimizing secondary brain injury can improve the outcome of TBI. Diagnostic and treatment options for TBI in human and small animal medicine were reviewed for their potential application to avian medicine with the aim of improving treatment of TBI cases in morepork that will increase recovery rates and long term survival of birds returned to the wild.
Rehabilitation of a Northern Elephant Seal Pup (Mirounga angustirostris) with Kyphosis
Authors: Mulreany Lauren
Published: February 2022

A juvenile Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) with kyphosis was rehabilitated and released. Radiographs revealed a divergence of the thoracic vertebrae by an angle of 66.72 degrees. The pup was treated with supportive care and released back into the wild. Diagnostic techniques of marine mammal skeletal abnormalities and their rehabilitation are discussed.
Let’s Eat! Encouraging Self–Feeding Behavior in Waterfowl
Authors: Goodman Michele
Published: February 2022

Waterfowl may not self– feed for a wide variety of reasons including species, food type or presentation, stress, underlying injury or

illness, or other husbandry concerns. Understanding natural history, wild diet, and food presentation methods can help to improve self–feeding behavior.
Profissão docente: profissionais complexos exige formação complexa
Authors: Barros Dejane Figueiredo , Marinho Kenia Ariádna Santos , Melo José Carlos de
Published: February 2022

Este estudo tem como intuito apontar, evidenciar a formação e profissão docente dentro de suas nuances e complexidades. Galgando o caminho de um estudo vasto de literatura, como: André (2016); Gauthier (2003); Imbernón (2011); Papi (2005); Tardif (2014), dentre outros, tal pesquisa identifica-se como de natureza aplicada, pois, vemos a possibilidade de produção de novos conhecimentos, uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa, já que mensura e avalia os dados coletados no questionário com perguntas abertas, e tem como objetivo examinar, explorar tal conhecimento da forma que é apresentado, aponta como procedimento um vasto estudo bibliográfico e ademais de um questionário para coleta de dados de 31 (trinta e um) participantes do IEMA UP Rio Anil. Desse modo, a averiguação das falas escritas obtidas nas arguições evidencia uma importância dada à necessidade da preocupação com a formação, profissão e valorização docente, pois, tornou-se evidente que a formação inicial e continuada das/dos docentes é o caminho para o bom desempenho do fazer pedagógico e assim, contribuir de modo significativo dentro deste ofício, que é ser professora e ser professor.
As intenções de viagem pós pandemia, uma análise preditiva da demanda
Authors: Almeida de Sant’Anna Eduardo Paulo , Gomes Maria Antunizia , Severo Eliana Andrea , Alves Bila Queiroz Marcelo Victor
Published: February 2022

A pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe diversas mudanças na vida dos brasileiros pela necessidade do isolamento social. Neste contexto, o setor de turismo no Brasil passou a vivenciar um momento crítico com a paralização total das atividades. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da pandemia do Covid-19 no turismo brasileiro e o comportamento planejados os dos consumidores de viagens pós pandemia. A metodologia da pesquisa trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva, com a amostra de 391 pessoas de todas as regiões brasileiras, consumidores de serviços turísticos, os tratamentos dos dados serão apresentados por meio de análise descritiva e regressão múltipla. De acordo com os resultados da pesquisa, 62,4% dos respondentes possuem interesse em realizar viagens turísticas de acordo com o planejado anteriormente, porém, para 58,5% dos respondentes, o número de casos da Covid-19 afeta diretamente a intenção de viagens dos consumidores. Especialmente, no segmento de turismo os consumidores se apresentam bastante cuidadosos e com uma preocupação quando se trata de viagens turísticas. Diante disto, especificamente é possivel verificar o impacto causado pela pandemia para as empresas do segmento.
An Empirical Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Economic Growth in Anhui Province
Authors: Ren Jialing , Zhou Zejiong
Published: February 2022

This paper selects the per capita consumption expenditure, the whole society's fixed asset investment, fiscal expenditure and the turnover of technology contracts from 2000 to 2019 as the explanatory variables and GDP as the explanatory variables, and uses the regression analysis method to make a quantitative analysis on the factors of economic growth in Anhui Province. The results show that the GDP of Anhui Province is greatly affected by per capita consumption expenditure and technology contract turnover on the premise of excluding the autocorrelation between variables. Finally, it puts forward some targeted policy suggestions for the high-quality economic development of Anhui Province.
Pembuatan Biofungisida di Desa Hutagaol Simarmar Balige Kabupaten Tobasa
Authors: Nuraida Nuraida , Hutagaol Dermawan , Nasution Asmara Sari
Published: February 2022

Kelompok tani Hita Saroha yang berlokasi di Desa Hutagaol Peatalun Kecamatan Balige Kabupaten Toba Samosir Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Selama ini petani untuk mengendalikan penyakit pada tanaman padi, mereka terbiasa menggunakan pestisida kimia yang berakibat pada kehilangan musuh alami, sehingga populasi serangan penyakit tetap tinggi dan menimbulkan dampak negatif. Untuk menghindari terjadinya dampak negatif akibat penggunaan pestisida kimia maka di gunakan pengendalian alternatif yang ramah lingkungan yaitu pengendalian dengan Biofungisida yang memiliki potensi besar dalam pengendalian penyakit pada tanaman padi, dengan memberikan  pelatihan memperbanyak agen hayati menggunakan media jagung dengan peralatan sederhana. Dari  kegiatan ini petani di Desa Hutagaol Peatalun mampu memproduksi biopestisida dan mengaplikasikannya pada tanaman padi mereka, jika dibandingkan dengan sebelum dilakukannya kegiatan program pengabdian ini.
Pelatihan dan Penyuluhan Pembibitan Tanaman Buah di Desa Sei Rotan Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Chaniago Erlita , Lubis Aisyah , Ani Nurma , Hariani Farida
Published: February 2022

Salah satu perbanyakan tanaman yang paling mudah dilakukan secara massal dan biayanya murah adalah perbanyakan melalui biji atau perbanyakan secara generatif (seksual). Dalam perbanyakan secara generatif, biji digunakan sebagai alat perbanyakan. Perbanyakan tanaman secara generatif memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Kelebihan perbanyakan tanaman secara generatif adalah tanaman baru bisa diperoleh dengan mudah dan cepat, biaya yang dikeluarkan relatif murah, umur tanaman lebih lama, tanaman yang dihasilkan memiliki perakaran yang lebih kuat . Sedangkan kelemahan perbanyakan secara generatif adalah tanaman baru yang dihasilkan belum tentu memiliki sifat yang sama dengan tanaman induknya, varietas baru yang muncul belum tentu lebih baik, waktu berbuah lebih lama dan kualitas tanaman baru diketahui setelah tanaman berbuah. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat tentang teknik pembibitan tanaman buah. Metode yang diberikan adalah dengan cara diskusi dan bermusyawarah bagaimana cara atau teknik pembibitan tanaman buah dan selanjutnya dilakukan pelatihan pembibitan. Setelah itu kita tetap melakukan evaluasi dan monitoring kegiatan. Hasil yang diperoleh masyarakat sudah mengetahui dan memahami hal-hal yang harus disiapkan dalam pembibitan mulai dari penyiapan media tanam , pembuatan naungan, perkecambahan sampai pemindahan bibit di polybag. Dan kesimpulannya masyarakat paham teknik pembibitan tanaman.
Project Based Learning di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau melalui program pejuang muda 2021 Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial
Authors: Siregar Zufri Hasrudy , Mawardi Mawardi , Widarma Adi , Rigitta Prinsi
Published: February 2022

Pejuang Muda adalah laboratorium sosial tempat mahasiswa dapat menerapkan ilmu dan pengetahuannya untuk membuat dampak sosial yang nyata. Dengan berfokus pada bantuan sosial, fakir miskin dan lansia, pola hidup sehat dan fasilitas umum. Program ini berlatar belakang adalah angka kemiskinan di Indonesia 10% dari jumlah penduduk sekitar 2,5 juta penduduk. Dalam pelaksanaan tersebut, Mentor berperan aktif dan mengarahkan pejuang muda dalam melakukan Project Base Learning yang bermanfaat untuk masyarakat. Dimana terdapat tujuh proposal yang di ajukan dan di implementasikan di lokasi masing masing yang pendanaannya diakomodasi oleh Kementerian dan Dinas sosial setempat. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memastikan dan memberikan data yang benar dan sesuai terkait data verifikasi dan validasi Pusdatin Kemensos dan mewujudkan solusi konkret di masyarakat guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan.
Peningkatan ekonomi dalam pemanfaatan Bumdes melalui pelatihan penyusunan laporan keuangan Bumdes di Kecamatan beringin Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Muhajir Ahmad , Kusuma Dimas Erlangga , Fahlevi Riza
Published: February 2022

Laporan keuangan merupakan catatan informasi keuangan suatu usaha/perusahaan pada suatu periode akuntansi yang dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan kinerja perusahaan tersebut. Dilihat dari tujuannya yang digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bersama sebagian besar pemakai. Secara umum, prinsip pembukuan keuangan BUMDes tidak berbeda dengan pembukuan keuangan lembaga lain pada umumnya. BUMDes harus melakukan pencatatan atau pembukuan yang ditulis secara sistematis dari transaksi yang terjadi setiap hari. BUMDes harus melakukan pencatatan atau pembukuan yang tertulis secara sistematis dari transaksi yang terjadi setiap hari. Di Kecamatan Beringin para masyarakat beserta para perangkat desa serta pemerintah telah bersama-sama berusaha membentuk Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) ini pada bulan september tahun 2015. Untuk itu dengan adanya  Pengabdian yang diselenggarakan oleh Lembaga Penelitian dan pengabdian pada masyarakat (LPPM) serta belum lamanya dibentuk BUMDes ini sangatlah penting untuk bisa melatih masyarakat sekaligus para perangkat desa dalam membuat laporan keuangan secara sederhana, sehingga masalah-masalah yang timbul untuk 5 tahun kedepan dari suatu usaha sudah bisa diprediksi masalah-masalahyang akan dihadapi dengan mendapatkan pelatihan tentang pembuatan laporan keuangan secara sederhana.
Rancang bangun papan informasi keberadaan seseorang berbantuan komputer
Authors: Dalimunthe Erpandi
Published: February 2022

Kebutuhan akan informasi status keberadaan seseorang didalam suatu ruangan kerja sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang efektifitas dalam bekerja. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut tujuan penulisan ini adalah membuat papan elektronik untuk penyediaan informasi dengan menggunakan LED sebagai penampil. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan antara lain melakukan analisis kebutuhan, merancang sistem, melakukan uji coba, dan mengimplementasikan hasil rancangan. Berdasarkan pada hasil uji coba dapat dinyatakan bahwa sistem siap diimplementasikan dengan baik, keberadaan seseorang dapat diketahui secara langsung melalui papan penampil yang disediakan
Sistem Pemeliharaan Rel Kereta Api Koridor Palang Parasamia - Jembatan Sei Piring
Authors: Rahayu Tri , A Arfis
Published: February 2022

Kereta api merupakan salah satu alternatif angkutan jalan rel bagi penumpang dan barang untuk berpindah dari suatu tempat ke tempat lainnya yang memiliki beberapa kelebihan, yaitu berdaya angkut hemat bahan bakar, jalur yang dapat menembus sampai ke pusat kegiatan/kota, dan tarif yang lebih terjangkau. Maka dari itu diperlukan pemeliharaan tahunan jalan rel yang tepat dan efisien agar kinerja jalan rel tetap dalam kondisi normal dan aman. Jalan rel kereta api yang tidak dipelihara akan mengalami penurunan kualitas kinerja yang secara fisik akan terjadinya kerusakan misalnya rel rusak, rel patah, rel bergelombang, rel amblas dan lain sebagainya. Untuk mempertahankan kualitas pelayanan jalan kereta api yang layak sehingga dapat memberikan keselamatan, kenyamanan, keamanan dan ketetapan waktu perjalanan kereta api maka perlu dilakukan pemeliharaan dan perbaikan sesuai kelas jalan rel. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasikan parameter pemeliharaan jalan kereta api melalui Track Quality Indeks (TQI).
Manejo de plagas en el cultivo de chile y su impacto ambiental en la zona agrícola de Jiménez-Villa López, Chihuahua, México
Authors: Guigón López M.C. César , González-González M.C. Pablo Andrés
Published: February 2022

La alta incidencia de plagas en el cultivo de chile ha causado un alar- mante aumento en el uso de productos químicos para su control. Con el objetivo de identificar los plaguicidas y programas de control de pla- gas utilizados en la zona y calcular el impacto que ejercen sobre el medio ambiente y los riesgos contra la salud humana, se aplicaron encuestas a productores de chile de la zona Jiménez-Villa López en los ciclos agrícolas 2001 y 2002. Se determinó el cociente de impacto ambiental (CIA) para cada plaguicida y se calculó el impacto ambiental en campo (IAC). Se identificaron 16 diferentes programas de control de plagas y 48 productos plaguicidas, de los cuales 26 fueron insectici- das/acaricidas, 20 fungicidas/bactericidas y 2 herbicidas. El impacto ambiental generado por fungicidas/bactericidas es mayor al generado por insecticidas/acaricidas. De los insecticidas/acaricidas, endosulfan (82.3% de la superficie cultivada) y clorpirifos (49%) son los más em- pleados en la producción de chile. En el caso de los fungicidas, oxicloruro de cobre (66.3% de la superficie) y mancozeb (64.6%) son los que más se emplean. El 37.5% de los programas de manejo ejerce una fuerte presión ambiental (IAC > 550); el 25% un IAC entre 300 y 500, y el 37.5% un IAC <290. El manejo que se realiza de algu-nos productos como endosulfan (IAC= 43 a 85), clorpirifos (IAC=27 a 40), oxicloruro de cobre (IAC=16 a 117) y mancozeb (IAC= 37 a 299) está generando serios incrementos en los índices de impacto ambiental. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v1i2.50