bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in the Way to Conceive Happiness Relate to Different Reactions to Negative Events
Authors: Fuochi Giulia , Veneziani Chiara A. , Voci Alberto
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This paper aimed to assess whether differences in the way to conceive happiness, measured by the Orientations to Happiness measure, were associated with specific reactions to negative events. We hypothesized that among orientations to pleasure (portraying hedonism), to meaning (representing a eudaimonic approach to life), and to engagement (derived from the experience of flow), orientation to meaning would have displayed a stronger protective role against recent negative and potentially stressful events. After providing a validation of the Italian version of the Orientations to Happiness measure (Study 1), we performed regression analyses of the three orientations on positive and negative emotions linked to a self-relevant negative event (Study 2), and moderation analyses assessing the interactive effects of orientations to happiness and stressful events on well-being indicators (Study 3). Our findings supported the hypotheses. In Study 2, meaning was associated with positive emotions characterized by a lower activation (contentment and interest) compared to the positive emotions associated with pleasure (amusement, eagerness, and happiness). In Study 3, only meaning buffered the effect of recent potentially stressful events on satisfaction with life and positive affect. Results suggest that orientation to meaning might help individuals to better react to negative events.
Nonlinear Effects of Cognitive Ability on Economic Productivity
Authors: Coyle Thomas R. , Rindermann Heiner , Hancock Dale , Freeman Jacob
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Cognitive capitalism theory argues that the positive effects of cognitive ability on economic productivity should increase nonlinearly, with increases in ability amplifying increases in productivity. The theory was tested using country-level indicators of cognitive ability and productivity. Cognitive ability was based on international student assessments (e.g., Program for International Student Assessment, PISA), and productivity was based on economic inputs (e.g., scientific achievements and competitiveness) and outputs (e.g., gross domestic product). As predicted, the effects of cognitive ability on all productivity measures increased nonlinearly at higher levels of ability, suggesting that higher ability levels disproportionately boost a nation’s productivity. The findings are discussed in light of standard theories of cognitive ability (e.g., Spearman’s law of diminishing returns and differentiation theories), and suggest that interventions that boost cognitive ability can have large, amplifying effects on economic productivity.
Evidence of local structural influence on the shape driven magnetic anisotropy in electronically excited Ni nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrix
Authors: Sarker Debalaya , Bhattacharya Saswata , Kumar H. , Srivastava Pankaj , Ghosh Santanu
Published: January 2018

The reliance of modern electronic era on ultrafast data recording has made the search for novel tools to tune nano-scale magnetic-anisotropy (MA) never-ending. We demonstrate a strong correlation between the spin-spin interactions, local atomic structure and the MA of Ni nanoparticles (NPs) embedded inside SiO2 matrix under swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. In contrast to traditional understandings, MA in Ni NPs along with their aspect ratio, first increases upto 5 × 1013 ions/cm2 SHI fluence (5e13) and gets reduced at highest fluence. Using angle dependent Extented-Xray-Absorption-Fine-Structure (EXAFS) and ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show that the anisotropy induced in local atomic structure upon irradiation is dependent on atomic spin-spin interactions, which gets reduced at highest fluence. The chosen model cluster (Ni38) used in our MD simulations is duly validated by comparing the pair-correlation-function of the structure with the EXAFS-Fourier-Transform. The lattice temperatures for the films irradiated at different fluences, as calculated from thermal-spike-model, are used for the respective MD runs. We conclude that the enhanced disorder in both the local atomic environment and spin alignment destroys the MA at the highest fluence in SHI irradiated Ni NPs. The findings therefore provide rich conceptual insights for designing magnetic devices using SHI-induced phenomena.
Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells
Authors: Faouzi Malika , Neupane Ram P. , Yang Jian , Williams Philip , Penner Reinhold
Published: January 2018

Betel nut consumption has significant implications for the public health globally, as the wide-spread habit of Areca chewing throughout Asia and the Pacific is associated with a high prevalence of oral carcinoma and other diseases. Despite a clear causal association of betel nut chewing and oral mucosal diseases, the biological mechanisms that link Areca nut-contained molecules, inflammation and cancer remain underexplored. In this study we show that the whole Areca nut extract (ANE) is capable of mobilizing Ca2+in various immune cell lines. Interestingly, none of the four major alkaloids or a range of other known constituents of Areca nut were able to induce such Ca2+signals, suggesting that the active components might represent novel or so far unappreciated chemical structures. The separation of ANE into aqueous and organic fractions has further revealed that the calcium-mobilizing molecules are exclusively present in the aqueous extract. In addition, we found that these calcium signals are associated with the activation of several immune cell lines as shown by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased cell proliferation. These results indicate that calcium-mobilizing molecules present in the aqueous fraction of the Areca nut may critically contribute to the inflammatory disorders affecting betel nut chewers.
Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection using a novel bracing basket: An animal feasibility study
Authors: Min Min , Liu Yan , Chen Xin , Bi Yiliang , Shen Wei , Xu Yang
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a novel bracing basket for Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD), which was developed for improved effectiveness and ease of use. This was a prospective randomized, comparative, experimental animal study carried out at a single center. The primary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ESTD with a novel bracing basket, compared with conventional ESTD. The secondary aims were to assess the quality control of the procedures and adverse events. Twenty procedures (6 esophageal and 14 gastric) were performed in four pigs. All resections were completed as en bloc resections. The technical success rate was 100% for both techniques (bracing basket-assisted ESTD vs. conventional ESTD). The procedure times were similar, but the cutting speed was quicker with bracing basket-assisted ESTD in gastric (antrum:23.3 ± 2.2 mm2/min vs. 15.2 ± 3.2 mm2/min, body: 26.1 ± 1.3 mm2/min vs. 18.4 ± 2.0 mm2/min, p < 0.05). There was one bleeding in the bracing basket-assisted ESTD group and one perforation in the conventional ESTD group. Compared with conventional ESTD, the use of this basket has potential advantages. Comparison studies with larger gastric or colorectal lesions treated with conventional ESTD are needed.
A neutral ceramidase, NlnCDase, is involved in the stress responses of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)
Authors: Shi Xiao-Xiao , Huang Yuan-Jie , Begum Mahfuj-Ara , Zhu Mu-Fei , Li Fei-Qiang , Zhang Min-Jing , Zhou Wen-Wu , Mao Cungui , Zhu Zeng-Rong
Published: January 2018

Ceramidases (CDases) are vital enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of sphingolipids, which are essential components of eukaryotic membranes. The function of these enzymes in insects, however, is poorly understood. We identified a neutral ceramidase (NlnCDase) from the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, one of the most destructive hemipteran pests of rice. The C12-ceramide was the most preferred substrate for the NlnCDase enzyme. The activity of the NlnCDase enzyme was highest in the neutral-pH range (pH 6.0). It was inhibited by EGTA, Cs+ and Fe2+, while stimulated by EDTA and Ca2+. Moreover, the NlnCDase has higher transcript level and activity in adults than in eggs and nymphs, and in the reproductive organs (ovaries and spermaries) than in other tissues (i.e. heads, thorax, legs, midguts), which suggested that the NlnCDase might be elevated to mediate developmental process. In addition, transcripts and activity of the NlnCDase were up-regulated under abiotic stresses including starvation, abnormal temperature, and insecticides, and biotic stress of resistant rice varieties. Knocking down NlnCDase by RNA interference increased female survival under starvation and temperature stresses, suggesting that NlnCDase might be involved in the stress response in N. lugens.
Dynamics of Tree Species Diversity in Unlogged and Selectively Logged Malaysian Forests
Authors: Shima Ken , Yamada Toshihiro , Okuda Toshinori , Fletcher Christine , Kassim Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2018

Selective logging that is commonly conducted in tropical forests may change tree species diversity. In rarely disturbed tropical forests, locally rare species exhibit higher survival rates. If this non–random process occurs in a logged forest, the forest will rapidly recover its tree species diversity. Here we determined whether a forest in the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia, which was selectively logged 40 years ago, recovered its original species diversity (species richness and composition). To explore this, we compared the dynamics of secies diversity between unlogged forest plot (18.6 ha) and logged forest plot (5.4 ha). We found that 40 years are not sufficient to recover species diversity after logging. Unlike unlogged forests, tree deaths and recruitments did not contribute to increased diversity in the selectively logged forests. Our results predict that selectively logged forests require a longer time at least than our observing period (40 years) to regain their diversity.
Activation of Ca2+-sensing receptor as a protective pathway to reduce Cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in renal proximal tubular cells
Authors: Gu Jie , Dai Shuya , Liu Yanmin , Liu Haitao , Zhang Yao , Ji Xingqi , Yu Feng , Zhou Yang , Chen Liang , Tse William Ka Fai , Wong Chris Kong Chu , Chen Binghai , Shi Haifeng
Published: January 2018

Cadmium (Cd), as an extremely toxic metal could accumulate in kidney and induce renal injury. Previous studies have proved that Cd impact on renal cell proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis, but the detoxification drugs and the functional mechanism are still in study. In this study, we used mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) to clarify Cd-induced toxicity and signaling pathways. Moreover, we proposed to elucidate the prevent effect of activation of Ca2+ sensing receptor (CaSR) by Calcimimetic (R-467) on Cd-induced cytotoxicity and underlying mechanisms. Cd induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation through phospholipase C-inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (PLC) followed stimulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation and suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, which leaded to increase apoptotic cell death and inhibit cell proliferation. Cd induced p38 activation also contribute to autophagic flux inhibition that aggravated Cd induced apoptosis. R-467 reinstated Cd-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ and apoptosis, and it also increased cell proliferation and restored autophagic flux by switching p38 to ERK pathway. The identification of the activation of CaSR-mediated protective pathway in renal cells sheds light on a possible cellular protective mechanism against Cd-induced kidney injury.
Low concentration trifluoperazine promotes proliferation and reduces calcium-dependent apoptosis in glioma cells
Authors: Wen Yulin , Zhang Yong , Li Jinbang , Luo Feng , Huang Zhongxi , Liu Kunping
Published: January 2018

Glioma patients constitute the greatest percentage of depressed neoplasm patients. These patients often require antidepressant treatment, but the effect of antidepressant drugs on glioma cells requires further evaluation. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of trifluoperazine (TFP) on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. Transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis results suggested that antidepressant drugs, especially TFP, may upregulate the drug-resistant ability of glioma cells. A low concentration of TFP upregulated the viability of glioma cells. Colony formation and EdU assays confirmed that TFP treatment accelerates glioma cell proliferation, but no significant difference was found in the cell cycle distribution of glioma cells after treatment with TFP or control. Flow cytometry and TUNEL staining results suggested that TFP treatment decreased apoptosis in glioma cells. In addition, TFP treatment downregulated the intracellular Ca2+ concentration of glioma cells. In vivo experimental results indicated that TFP treatment promoted proliferation and reduced apoptosis in xenograft tumours in nude mice. Taken together, our results suggest that a low concentration of TFP promotes proliferation and reduces apoptosis in glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo. The potential harmful effects of antidepressant drugs on gliomas require further evaluation before their use in glioma patients.
Phytase overexpression in Arabidopsis improves plant growth under osmotic stress and in combination with phosphate deficiency
Authors: Belgaroui Nibras , Lacombe Benoit , Rouached Hatem , Hanin Moez
Published: January 2018

Engineering osmotolerant plants is a challenge for modern agriculture. An interaction between osmotic stress response and phosphate homeostasis has been reported in plants, but the identity of molecules involved in this interaction remains unknown. In this study we assessed the role of phytic acid (PA) in response to osmotic stress and/or phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. For this purpose, we used Arabidopsis lines (L7 and L9) expressing a bacterial beta-propeller phytase PHY-US417, and a mutant in inositol polyphosphate kinase 1 gene (ipk1-1), which were characterized by low PA content, 40% (L7 and L9) and 83% (ipk1-1) of the wild-type (WT) plants level. We show that the PHY-overexpressor lines have higher osmotolerance and lower sensitivity to abscisic acid than ipk1-1 and WT. Furthermore, PHY-overexpressors showed an increase by more than 50% in foliar ascorbic acid levels and antioxidant enzyme activities compared to ipk1-1 and WT plants. Finally, PHY-overexpressors are more tolerant to combined mannitol stresses and phosphate deficiency than WT plants. Overall, our results demonstrate that the modulation of PA improves plant growth under osmotic stress, likely via stimulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, and that beside its regulatory role in phosphate homeostasis, PA may be also involved in fine tuning osmotic stress response in plants.
Procalcitonin Guiding Antimicrobial Therapy Duration in Febrile Cancer Patients with Documented Infection or Neutropenia
Authors: Haddad Hanine El , Chaftari Anne-Marie , Hachem Ray , Michael Majd , Jiang Ying , Yousif Ammar , Raad Sammy , Jordan Mary , Chaftari Patrick , Raad Issam
Published: January 2018

In this analysis, we identified febrile cancer patients with documented infections or neutropenia, whose procalcitonin levels are low at baseline or decrease on antibiotics. These patients had similar outcomes in terms of mortality and relapse of infection regardless of the duration of antimicrobial therapy (less or more than 7 days).
In vitro RNA-seq-based toxicogenomics assessment shows reduced biological effect of tobacco heating products when compared to cigarette smoke
Authors: Haswell Linsey E. , Corke Sarah , Verrastro Ivan , Baxter Andrew , Banerjee Anisha , Adamson Jason , Jaunky Tomasz , Proctor Christopher , Gaça Marianna , Minet Emmanuel
Published: January 2018

The battery of regulatory tests used to evaluate the risk of novel tobacco products such as heated tobacco products (THPs) presents some limitations including a bias towards the apical endpoint tested, and limited information on the mode of action. This is driving a paradigm shift to more holistic systems biology approaches. In this study, we used RNA-sequencing to compare the transcriptomic perturbations following acute exposure of a 3D airway tissue to the aerosols from two commercial THPs and a reference 3R4F cigarette. 2809 RNAs were differentially expressed for the 3R4F treatment and 115 and 2 RNAs for the two THPs (pFDR < 0.05, FC > 1.5), respectively. The relationship between the identified RNA features and gene ontologies were mapped showing a strong association with stress response, xenobiotics metabolism, and COPD-related terms for 3R4F. In contrast, fewer ontologies were found enriched for the THPs aerosols. “Response to wounding” was a common COPD-related term over-represented for the two THPs but at a reduced significance. Quantification of a cytokine panel post-exposure confirmed a pro-inflammatory effect of cigarette smoke but not for THPs. In conclusion, THPs have a reduced impact on gene expression compared to 3R4F.
Isomerism and reactivity of nickel(ii) acetylacetonate bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes
Authors: Bilyj Jessica K. , Riley Mark J. , Bernhardt Paul V.
Published: January 2018

The formation of asymmetric and symmetric nickel(ii) bis-thiosemicarbazone complexes has been investigated by NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy which shed new light on the complexation mechanism and reactivity of these unusual isomers.
Making organoruthenium complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolines more hydrophilic: impact of a novel l-phenylalanine-derived arene ligand on the biological activity
Authors: Movassaghi Sanam , Hanif Muhammad , Holtkamp Hannah U. , Söhnel Tilo , Jamieson Stephen M. F. , Hartinger Christian G.
Published: January 2018

Introduction of an l-phenylalanine-derived arene ligand leads to more hydrophilic organoruthenium(8-oxyquinolinato) anticancer agents.
High-performance hybrid organic thermoelectric SWNTs/PEDOT:PSS thin-films for energy harvesting
Authors: Jiang Qinglin , Lan Xiaoqi , Liu Congcong , Shi Hui , Zhu Zhengyou , Zhao Feng , Xu Jingkun , Jiang Fengxing
Published: January 2018

Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS prepared by vacuum filtration can be generally favorable for fabricating hybrid organic thermoelectric materials with high performance.
N-Heterocyclic carbene promoted enantioselective desymmetrization reaction of diarylalkane-bisphenols
Authors: Li Shoulei , Liu Bin , Chen Li , Li Xin , Cheng Jin-Pei
Published: January 2018

An enantioselective NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization reaction of diarylalkane-bisphenols with aldehydes was reported under the guidance of linear free energy relationships (LFERs).
Mid-infrared spectroscopy and microscopy of subcellular structures in eukaryotic cells with atomic force microscopy – infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Quaroni Luca , Pogoda Katarzyna , Wiltowska-Zuber Joanna , Kwiatek Wojciech M.
Published: January 2018

Atomic force microscopy – infrared (AFM-IR) spectroscopy allows spectroscopic studies in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral region with a spatial resolution better than is allowed by the diffraction limit.
“Turn on” room-temperature phosphorescent biosensors for detection of hyaluronic acid based on manganese-doped ZnS quantum dots
Authors: Li Dongxia , Qin Jin , Lv Jinzhi , Yang Jiajia , Yan Guiqin
Published: January 2018

Fabricating PDAD–Mn–ZnS QDs nanohybrids as a facile room-temperature phosphorescent biosensor for detection of hyaluronic acid.
Synthesis of manganese phosphate hybrid nanoflowers by collagen-templated biomineralization
Authors: Munyemana Jean Claude , He Huixia , Ding Shenglong , Yin Jie , Xi Pinxian , Xiao Jianxi
Published: January 2018

Collagen provides an excellent biotemplate to modulate the morphology of manganese phosphate hybrid nanomaterials, leading to exquisite nanoflowers with branched petals.
One-pot three component synthesis of 5-allyl-1,2,3-triazoles using copper(i) acetylides
Authors: Reddy Parigi Raghavendar , Cui Lianji , Ryu Jae-Sang
Published: January 2018

A one-pot three-component synthetic route toward 5-allyl-1,2,3-triazoles using copper(i) acetylide has been developed, which allows further transformation to important tricyclic scaffolds.
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified epoxy phase-change polymer with dual properties of thermal storage and vibration damping
Authors: Sundararajan Swati , Kumar Amit , Chakraborty Bikash C. , Samui Asit B. , Kulkarni Prashant S.
Published: January 2018

PEG was modified with epoxy to form a film which demonstrated dual function of thermal energy storage and vibration damping.
Asymptotic tracking control of strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with output constraints in the presence of input saturation
Authors: Edalati Lida , Khaki Sedigh Ali , Aliyari Shooredeli Mahdi , Moarefianpour Ali
Published: January 2018

In this study, the asymptotic tracking control problem is addressed for known and unknown non‐linear systems in the strict‐feedback form with time‐varying output constraints, input saturation, and external disturbances. A barrier Lyapunov function is employed to prevent transgression of the output constraints. Neural networks are applied to approximate the unknown functions. To deal with the input saturation effects and/or neural networks reconstruction errors, the Nussbaum gain technique is suggested. The proposed approach guarantees the boundedness of all the closed‐loop signals, and for the first time, the asymptotic tracking property is achieved for the strict‐feedback non‐linear systems, while the actual output remains in the output constraints, despite input saturation and external disturbances. Two simulation examples have validated the effectiveness of the proposed results.
VEGAS-SSS. II. Comparing the globular cluster systems in NGC 3115 and NGC 1399 using VEGAS and FDS survey data
Authors: Cantiello Michele , D’Abrusco Raffaele , Spavone Marilena , Paolillo Maurizio , Capaccioli Massimo , Limatola Luca , Grado Aniello , Iodice Enrica , Raimondo Gabriella , Napolitano Nicola , Blakeslee John P. , Brocato Enzo , Forbes Duncan A. , Hilker Michael , Mieske Steffen , Peletier Reynier , van de Ven Glenn , Schipani Pietro
Published: January 2018

We analyze the globular cluster (GC) systems in two very different galaxies, NGC 3115 and NGC 1399. With the papers of this series, we aim at highlighting common and different properties in the GC systems in galaxies covering a wide range of parameter space. We compare the GCs in NGC 3115 and NGC 1399 as derived from the analysis of one square degree u-, g-, and i-band images taken with the VST telescope as part of the VST early-type galaxy survey (VEGAS) and Fornax deep survey (FDS). We selected GC candidates using as reference the morpho-photometric and color properties of confirmed GCs. The surface density maps of GCs in NGC 3115 reveal a morphology similar to the light profile of field stars; the same is true when blue and red GCs are taken separately. The GC maps for NGC 1399 are richer in structure and confirm the existence of an intra-cluster GC component. We confirm the presence of a spatial offset in the NGC 1399 GC centroid and find that the centroid of the GCs for NGC 3115 coincides well with the galaxy center. Both GC systems show unambiguous color bimodality in (g − i) and (u − i); the color–color relations of the two GC systems are slightly different with NGC 3115 appearing more linear than NGC 1399. The azimuthal average of the radial density profiles in both galaxies reveals a larger spatial extent for the total GCs population with respect to the galaxy surface brightness profile. For both galaxies, the red GCs have radial density profiles compatible with the galaxy light profile, while the radial profiles for blue GCs are shallower. As for the specific frequency of GCs, SN, we find it is a factor of two higher in NGC 1399 than for NGC 3115; this is mainly the result of extra blue GCs. By inspecting the radial behavior of the specific frequency, SN(<r), for the total, blue, and red GCs, we find notable similarities between the trends for red GCs in the two targets. In spite of extremely different host environments, the red GCs in both cases appear closely linked to the light distribution of field stars. Blue GCs extend to larger galactocentric scales than red GCs, marking a significant difference between the two galaxies: the blue/red GCs and field stellar components of NGC 3115 appear well thermalized with each other and the blue GCs in NGC 1399 appear to fade into an unrelaxed intra-cluster GC population.
Replacing dark energy by silent virialisation
Authors: Roukema Boudewijn F.
Published: January 2018

Context.Standard cosmologicalN-body simulations have background scale factor evolution that is decoupled from non-linear structure formation. Prior to gravitational collapse, kinematical backreaction (QD) justifies this approach in a Newtonian context.

Aims.However, the final stages of a gravitational collapse event are sudden; a globally imposed smooth expansion rate forces at least one expanding region to suddenly and instantaneously decelerate in compensation for the virialisation event. This is relativistically unrealistic. A more conservative hypothesis is to allow non-collapsed domains to continue their volume evolution according to theQDZel’dovich approximation (QZA). We aim to study the inferred average expansion under this “silent” virialisation hypothesis.

Methods.We set standard (MPGRAFIC) EdS 3-torus (T3) cosmologicalN-body initial conditions. UsingRAMSES, we partitioned the volume into domains and called theDTFElibrary to estimate the per-domain initial values of the three invariants of the extrinsic curvature tensor that determine the QZA. We integrated the Raychaudhuri equation in each domain using theINHOMOGlibrary, and adopted the stable clustering hypothesis to represent virialisation (VQZA). We spatially averaged to obtain the effective global scale factor. We adopted an early-epoch–normalised EdS reference-model Hubble constantH1EDS= 37.7km s-1∕Mpc and an effective Hubble constantHeff,0= 67.7km s-1∕Mpc.

Results.From 2000 simulations at resolution 2563, we find that reaching a unity effective scale factor at 13.8 Gyr (16% above EdS), occurs for an averaging scale ofL13.8= 2.5−0.4+0.1Mpc∕heff. Relativistically interpreted, this corresponds to strong average negative curvature evolution, with the mean (median) curvature functionalΩRDgrowing from zero to about 1.5–2 by the present. Over 100 realisations, the virialisation fraction and super-EdS expansion correlate strongly at fixed cosmological time.

Conclusions.Thus, starting from EdS initial conditions and averaging on a typical non-linear structure formation scale, the VQZA dark-energy–free average expansion matchesΛCDM expansion to first order. The software packages used here are free-licensed.
Atmospheric thermal tides and planetary spin
Authors: Auclair-Desrotour P. , Mathis S. , Laskar J.
Published: January 2018

Context. Thermal atmospheric tides can torque telluric planets away from spin-orbit synchronous rotation, as observed in the case of Venus. They thus participate in determining the possible climates and general circulations of the atmospheres of these planets.

Aims. The thermal tidal torque exerted on an atmosphere depends on its internal structure and rotation and on the tidal frequency. Particularly, it strongly varies with the convective stability of the entropy stratification. This dependence has to be characterized to constrain and predict the rotational properties of observed telluric exoplanets. Moreover, it is necessary to validate the approximations used in global modelings such as the traditional approximation, which is used to obtain separable solutions for tidal waves.

Methods. We wrote the equations governing the dynamics of thermal tides in a local vertically stratified section of a rotating planetary atmosphere by taking into account the effects of the complete Coriolis acceleration on tidal waves. This allowed us to analytically derive the tidal torque and the tidally dissipated energy, which we used to discuss the possible regimes of tidal dissipation and to examine the key role played by stratification.

Results. In agreement with early studies, we find that the frequency dependence of the thermal atmospheric tidal torque in the vicinity of synchronization can be approximated by a Maxwell model. This behavior corresponds to weakly stably stratified or convective fluid layers, as observed previously. A strong stable stratification allows gravity waves to propagate, and makes the tidal torque negligible. The transition is continuous between these two regimes. The traditional approximation appears to be valid in thin atmospheres and in regimes where the rotation frequency is dominated by the forcing or the buoyancy frequencies.

Conclusions. Depending on the stability of their atmospheres with respect to convection, observed exoplanets can be tidally driven toward synchronous or asynchronous final rotation rates. The domain of applicability of the traditional approximation is rigorously constrained by calculations.
A detailed study of lithium in 107 CHEPS dwarf stars
Authors: Pavlenko Ya. V. , Jenkins J. S. , Ivanyuk O. M. , Jones H. R. A. , Kaminsky B. M. , Lyubchik Yu. P. , Yakovina L. A.
Published: January 2018

Context. We report results from lithium abundance determinations using high resolution spectral analysis of the 107 metal-rich stars from the Calan-Hertfordshire Extrasolar Planet Search programme.

Aims. We aim to set out to understand the lithium distribution of the population of stars taken from this survey.

Methods. The lithium abundance taking account of non-local thermodynamical equilibrium effects was determined from the fits to the Li I 6708 Å resonance doublet profiles in the observed spectra.

Results. We find that a) fast rotators tend to have higher lithium abundances; b) log N(Li) is higher in more massive and hot stars; c) log N(Li) is higher in stars of lower log g; d) stars with the metallicities >0.25 dex do not show the lithium lines in their spectra; e) most of our planet hosts rotate slower; and f) a lower limit of lithium isotopic ratio is 7Li/6Li > 10 in the atmospheres of two stars with planets (SWP) and two non-SWP stars.

Conclusions. Measurable lithium abundances were found in the atmospheres of 45 stars located at distances of 20−170 pc from the Sun, for the other 62 stars the upper limits of log N(Li) were computed. We found well defined dependences of lithium abundances on Teff, V sin i, and less pronounced for the log g. In case of V sin i we see two sequences of stars: with measurable lithium and with the upper limit of log N(Li). About 10% of our targets are known to host planets. Only two SWP have notable lithium abundances, so we found a lower proportion of stars with detectable Li among known planet hosts than among stars without planets. However, given the small sample size of our planet-host sample, our analysis does not show any statistically significant differences in the lithium abundance between SWP and stars without known planets.
The discovery of WASP-151b, WASP-153b, WASP-156b: Insights on giant planet migration and the upper boundary of the Neptunian desert
Authors: Demangeon O. D. S. , Faedi F. , Hébrard G. , Brown D. J. A. , Barros S. C. C. , Doyle A. P. , Maxted P. F. L. , Collier Cameron A. , Hay K. L. , Alikakos J. , Anderson D. R. , Armstrong D. J. , Boumis P. , Bonomo A. S. , Bouchy F. , Delrez L. , Gillon M. , Haswell C. A. , Hellier C. , Jehin E. , Kiefer F. , Lam K. W. F. , Lendl M. , Mancini L. , McCormac J. , Norton A. J. , Osborn H. P. , Palle E. , Pepe F. , Pollacco D. L. , Prieto-Arranz J. , Queloz D. , Ségransan D. , Smalley B. , Triaud A. H. M. J. , Udry S. , West R. , Wheatley P. J.
Published: January 2018

To investigate the origin of the features discovered in the exoplanet population, the knowledge of exoplanets' mass and radius with a good precision (≲10%) is essential. To achieve this purpose the discovery of transiting exoplanets around bright stars is of prime interest. In this paper, we report the discovery of three transiting exoplanets by the SuperWASP survey and the SOPHIE spectrograph with mass and radius determined with a precision better than 15%. WASP-151b and WASP-153b are two hot Saturns with masses, radii, densities and equilibrium temperatures of 0.31−0.03+0.04 MJ, 1.13−0.03+0.03 RJ, 0.22−0.02+0.03 ρJ and 1290−10+20 K, and 0.39−0.02+0.02 MJ, 1.55−0.08+0.10 RJ, 0.11−0.02+0.02 ρJ and 1700−0.40+0.40 K, respectively. Their host stars are early G type stars (with mag V ~ 13) and their orbital periods are 4.53 and 3.33 days, respectively. WASP-156b is a super-Neptune orbiting a K type star (mag V = 11.6). It has a mass of 0.128−0.009+0.010 MJ, a radius of 0.51−0.02+0.02 RJ, a density of 1.0−0.1+0.1 ρJ, an equilibrium temperature of 970−20+30 K and an orbital period of 3.83 days. The radius of WASP-151b appears to be only slightly inflated, while WASP-153b presents a significant radius anomaly compared to a recently published model. WASP-156b, being one of the few well characterized super-Neptunes, will help to constrain the still debated formation of Neptune size planets and the transition between gas and ice giants. The estimates of the age of these three stars confirms an already observed tendency for some stars to have gyrochronological ages significantly lower than their isochronal ages. We propose that high eccentricity migration could partially explain this behavior for stars hosting a short period planet. Finally, these three planets also lie close to (WASP-151b and WASP-153b) or below (WASP-156b) the upper boundary of the Neptunian desert. Their characteristics support that the ultra-violet irradiation plays an important role in this depletion of planets observed in the exoplanet population.
The hypersoft state of Cygnus X–3
Authors: Koljonen K. I. I. , Maccarone T. , McCollough M. L. , Gurwell M. , Trushkin S. A. , Pooley G. G. , Piano G. , Tavani M.
Published: January 2018

Context. Cygnus X–3 is a unique microquasar in the Galaxy hosting a Wolf-Rayet companion orbiting a compact object that most likely is a low-mass black hole. The unique source properties are likely due to the interaction of the compact object with the heavy stellar wind of the companion.

Aim. In this paper, we concentrate on a very specific period of time prior to the massive outbursts observed from the source. During this period, Cygnus X–3 is in a so-called hypersoft state, in which the radio and hard X-ray fluxes are found to be at their lowest values (or non-detected), the soft X-ray flux is at its highest values, and sporadic γ-ray emission is observed. We use multiwavelength observations to study the nature of the hypersoft state.

Methods. We observed Cygnus X–3 during the hypersoft state with Swift and NuSTAR in X-rays and SMA, AMI-LA, and RATAN-600 in the radio. We also considered X-ray monitoring data from MAXI and γ-ray monitoring data from AGILE and Fermi.

Results. We found that the spectra and timing properties of the multiwavelength observations can be explained by a scenario in which the jet production is turned off or highly diminished in the hypersoft state and the missing jet pressure allows the wind to refill the region close to the black hole. The results provide proof of actual jet quenching in soft states of X-ray binaries.
Direct and Stereoselective Iron-Catalyzed Amidation of Binor-S with Alkyl and Aryl Cyanides in Water
Authors: Khusnutdinov Ravil , Egorova Tatyana , Khalilov Leonard , Meshcheriakova Ekaterina , Dzhemilev Usein
Published: January 2018

The amidation of heptacyclo[8.4.0.02,12.03,8.04,6.05,9.011,13]tetra­decane (binor-S) with aceto-, propio-, valero-, and benzonitrile was performed in the presence of water and FeCl3·6H2O as catalyst to give the corresponding 10-exo-amidohexacyclo[9.2.1.02,7.03,5.04,8.09,13]tetradecanes. Hydrolysis of 10-exo-acetamidohexacyclo[9.2.1.02,7.03,5.04,8.09,13]tetra­decane with sodium hydroxide in n-butanol afforded 10-exo-aminohexacyclo[9.2.1.02,7.03,5.04,8.09,13]tetradecane in quantitative yield.
Synthesis of Pyrazolofuropyrazine via One-Pot SNAr Reaction and Intramolecular Direct C–H Arylation
Authors: Fuse Shinichiro , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Inaba Megumi , Sato Shinichi , Joshi Manjusha
Published: January 2018

Fused-ring systems containing heterocycles are attractive templates for drug discovery. Biologically active 6-5-5+6 fused-ring systems that possess heterocycles are available, but these require a relatively large number of synthetic steps for preparation. Therefore, pyrazolofuropyrazine was designed as a 6-5-5+6 ring system template that incorporates ready accessibility for drug discovery. Pyrazolofuropyrazines were successfully constructed in only a few steps via one-pot SNAr reaction/intramolecular C–H direct arylation. As a drug candidate, pyrazolofuropyrazine has earned a favorable LogP, although significant biological activity has yet to be established; the ready accessibility of pyrazolofuropyrazine template, however, offers an opportunity for the rapid development of promising new drug candidates.
Variações anatômicas das facetas articulares do atlas
Authors: de Carvalho Max Franco , Rocha Roberta Teixeira , Silva Monteiro João Tiago , Pereira Carlos Umberto , de Carvalho Alex Franco , Aparecido Defino Helton Luiz
Published: January 2018

Contexto: A evolução do diagnóstico e a precisão das técnicas cirúrgicas da coluna cervical alta suscitam um conhecimento detalhado da anatomia e biomecânica da transição craniocervical para que se obtenham osteossínteses eficientes. Objetivo: Descrever as facetas articulares superiores e inferiores do atlas, por meio de estudo anatômico e por tomografia computadorizada helicoidal, em 30 vértebras isoladas de cadáveres. A média, o valor mínimo e o máximo e o desvio-padrão foram calculados para cada parâmetro. Resultados: Observamos que existem variedades morfológicas nas facetas articulares superiores. Entretanto, foi notada uma constante repetição de facetas articulares planas, côncavas e côncavas com maior profundidade, constrições nas bordas lateral e medial, áreas de pressão e tendência de separação das facetas. A média observada do diâmetro longitudinal da faceta articular inferior foi de 14,40 mm à direita e, à esquerda, 14,81 mm. Para o diâmetro transverso, a média observada à direita foi de 14,99 mm e, à esquerda, 14,83 mm. A medida da inclinação axial apresentou média de 15,06° ± 5,35° à direita e 15,41° ± 5,85° à esquerda; e a inclinação coronal apresentou média de 26,78° ± 4,85° à direita e 26,19 ± 5,28° à esquerda. Conclusão: Este estudo descreve as formas das articulações superiores e as dimensões e inclinações das facetas articulares inferiores do atlas. Acreditamos que essas observações possam facilitar os estudos biomecânicos, radiológicos e cirúrgicos da transição craniocervical.
Metástase de adenocarcinoma de mama no ângulo pontocerebelar: Relato de caso
Authors: de Oliveira Brito José Nazareno Pearce , Medina Prado Gerson Luis , de Araújo Ricardo Marques Lopes , Gonçalves Neto Wildson de Castro
Published: January 2018

Câncer de mama é a principal neoplasia maligna em mulheres. Apesar de todos os avanços médicos tanto no diagnóstico como na terapêutica, um terço das pacientes com esse tipo de câncer irá morrer em decorrência das metástases. Apesar de tumores no ângulo pontocerebelar (APC) terem uma apresentação clínica com características uniformes, eles representam variedades histopatológicas distintas. Além das metástases, o neurinoma do acústico, meningiomas, cistos epidermoides e neurinomas dos nervos cranianos V, VII, IX, X e XI correspondem, aproximadamente, a 98% dos tumores no APC. Este relato descreve um caso de metástase de adenocarcinoma de mama no APC.
Glioblastoma multiforme e infecção pelo HIV — Associação coincidente ou possível influência oncogênica?: Relato de caso
Authors: Godoy Pimenta Newton José , Kherli Pierre , Reis Lorena Barcala , Lidzborski Elsa
Published: January 2018

Contexto: O glioblastoma multiforme é o tumor cerebral primário glial mais maligno em adultos e de alta incidência dentre os tipos de astrocitomas, mas geralmente não é incluído no diagnóstico diferencial das lesões do sistema nervoso central em pacientes com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Alguns estudos têm descrito a associação entre glioblastoma e HIV. Relato do caso: Trata-se de glioblastoma em um homem de 31 anos de idade com HIV. Outras possíveis lesões, como o linfoma, foram sugeridas como diagnóstico diferencial, mas a investigação histopatológica confirmou tratar-se de glioblastoma. Esse paciente, submetido à cirurgia, evoluiu bem, sem déficits neurológicos no pós-cirúrgico imediato, e exames clínicos e de neuroimagem não mostraram sinais de recorrência até três meses de pós-operatório. Terapia adjuvante com radiação externa foi recomendada para o paciente.
Metástase de adenocarcinoma de cólon para região selar: relato de caso
Authors: Souza Anderson Rodrigo , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Ueoka Denis Isao , Zimmermann Allan , Sakaya Gabriel Reis
Published: January 2018

A hipófise e a região selar podem ser acometidas por uma série de tumores. Nesse contexto, metástase é um diagnóstico diferencial raro, porém plausível. O diagnóstico de metástase para região selar é desafiador. Assim, espessamento da haste hipofisária, invasão de seio cavernoso e esclerose ao redor da sela são detalhes sutis que, apesar de não serem conclusivos, podem sugerir esse diagnóstico. Neste artigo os autores descrevem um caso de um paciente sem antecedentes oncológicos e com RM e TC sugestivas de macroadenoma hipofisário. Inesperadamente, a lesão era um adenocarcinoma metastático de cólon. Metástases cerebrais de câncer colorretal são raras, principalmente para região selar e normalmente aparecem após o diagnóstico da lesão primária. Nosso objetivo é descrever um caso de metástase de cólon para região selar e sua evolução e rever dados de literatura.
Delimitação dos acessos cranianos
Authors: Reis Cassius Vinicius , Arantes Aluízio Augusto , Nicolato Arthur , Gusmão Sebastião
Published: January 2018

São descritos os pontos craniométricos e, a partir deles, definidos os pontos referenciais e as linhas para delimitar os principais acessos cranianos: pterional, fronto-orbital, frontobasal, frontal, temporal anterior, parietal, occipital, suboccipital e pontos de punção dos cornos frontal e occipital do ventrículo lateral.
Infecções em pós-craniotomias: revisão literária
Authors: Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Balasso Gabriela Tavanti , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: January 2018

Este artigo tem o objetivo de alertar e informar sobre as principais infecções do sistema nervoso central pós-procedimento da craniotomia, revisando dados epidemiológicos, profiláticos, fatores de risco, tratamento e outros pontos relevantes da infecção de ferida operatória, de meningite e de abscesso cerebral. Averígua-se a importância dos cuidados de assepsia com a lavagem do sítio cirúrgico com antisséptico degermante seguido de solução antisséptica alcoólica com princípio ativo (PVPI ou clorexidina), da equipe cirúrgica na degermação das mãos e paramentação e com os instrumentais e sala cirúrgica. Além disso, é discutido o valor da realização ou não da tricotomia, já que esta não mostra diferenças relativas nas incidências em acometimentos de patógenos. É de conclusão principal que, mesmo com as baixas incidências dessas infecções pós-craniotomias, estudos mais abrangentes e informativos sobre o assunto devem ser realizados em todo o mundo, por causa da gravidade do quadro clínico, seus prognósticos ruins, tratamentos intensivos, envolvimento de equipes multiprofissionais, extensão dos dias de internação, estadia em unidade de terapia intensiva e alta morbimortalidade.
Gliomas de ínsula: considerações clínico-radiológicas, decisão anestésica e aspectos cirúrgicos
Authors: Petitto Carlo Emanuel , Figeiredo Eberval Gadelha , da Silva Clemar Correia , Navarro Hector Cabrera , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: January 2018

A ínsula representa uma estrutura cortical de anatomia complexa, permanecendo recoberta pelos opérculos e superficialmente delimitada pela fissura silviana. Apesar de inicialmente serem consideradas não ressecáveis, as patologias insulares têm, na atualidade, posição de destaque, representando desafio ao neurocirurgião experiente. Preservação funcional e ressecção macroscópica total são os objetivos do tratamento, podendo ser atingidas em até 93% dos tumores de ínsula. Sistemas de navegação, bem como eletrofisiologia transoperatória e anestesia especializada, representam importantes ferramentas cirúrgicas. A escolha adequada dos métodos de auxílio é decisão difícil, sendo, em alguns aspectos, metodologias excludentes. Realizamos revisão de literatura voltada à discussão dos fundamentos da neurocirurgia de ínsula.
Supratentorial primary neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) inside the third ventricle in adult: an rare case report
Authors: Cavalcante Tiago de Paiva , Kuehnitzsch Siegfried Pimenta , Santos dos Passos George , Dias Júnior José Eduardo Souza , Ayer Botrel Tobias Engel , Barbosa Emerson Oliveira
Published: January 2018

The PNET of CNS are considered malignant undifferentiated tumors, and it represents about 2,8% of all tumors found on infants and teenagers, more rarely found on adults. In the present article will report the case of a patient, male, 23 years-old, with nodular lesion inside the third ventricle, admitted on emergency room with acute intense headache, drowsiness, vomiting and visual clouding, started three days before. Although there have been advances in diagnosis and treatment of PNET in children, few publications were found on the efficiency of available treatment options on adults. In our patient the lesion was completely removed by a anterosuperior interhemispheric transcallosal craniotomy, and subsequently diagnosed as PNET by anatomopathological. Postoperative hydrocephaly was installed and reverted with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, with clinical and neurological status improvement. The patient died 18 months after diagnosis, due to respiratory hospitalar infection.
Hematoma extradural supra e infratentorial
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Barbosa Marcelo Barreto , Silveira Azevedo Antonio Carlos , Borges Junior Franklin Roberto Pereira , Britto Allan Valadão de Oliveira
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Os autores apresentam uma série de casos de hematoma extradural da fossa posterior (HEDFP) com expansão supratentorial. Métodos: O presente trabalho é retrospectivo e descritivo. Foram analisados 14 pacientes com HEDFP de apresentação mista. Resultados: Dos 14 pacientes, 12 são do gênero masculino e dois, do feminino. A média das idades foi de 26,2 anos. Acidente de trânsito foi a principal causa, seguida de queda acidental e agressão física. Escore na escala de coma de Glasgow variou entre 8 e 14. Cefaleia e vômitos foram os principais achados clínicos. Exame de RX simples de crânio demonstrou traço de fratura em 80% (8/10) dos casos. Tomografia de crânio demonstrou traço de fratura e hematoma extradural mista em todos os pacientes e ressonância magnética em um caso. Cirurgia foi realizada em 12 e tratamento conservador em dois. Dois pacientes foram a óbito. Conclusão: Na presença de fratura no osso occipital, deve-se suspeitar de HEDFP de forma mista. Exames de imagens são importantes no diagnóstico e conduta.