bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FET fusion oncoproteins disrupt physiologic DNA repair networks and induce ATR synthetic lethality in cancer
Authors: Tulpule Asmin , Menon Shruti , Breese Marcus , Lin Yone , Allegakoen Hannah , Perati Shruthi , Heslin Ann , Horlbeck Max , Weissman Jonathan , Sweet-Cordero Alejandro , Bivona Trever
Published: May 2023

The genetic principle of synthetic lethality is clinically validated in cancers with loss of specific DNA damage response (DDR) pathway genes (i.e. BRCA1/2 tumor suppressor mutations). The broader question of whether and how oncogenes create tumor-specific vulnerabilities within DDR networks remains unanswered. Native FET protein family members are among the earliest proteins recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during the DDR, though the function of both native FET proteins and FET fusion oncoproteins in DSB repair remains poorly defined. Here we focus on Ewing sarcoma (ES), an EWS-FLI1 fusion oncoprotein-driven pediatric bone tumor, as a model for FET rearranged cancers. We discover that the EWS-FLI1 fusion oncoprotein is recruited to DNA DSBs and interferes with native EWS function in activating the DNA damage sensor ATM. Using preclinical mechanistic approaches and clinical datasets, we establish functional ATM deficiency as a principal DNA repair defect in ES and the compensatory ATR signaling axis as a collateral dependency and therapeutic target in FET rearranged cancers. Thus, aberrant recruitment of a fusion oncoprotein to sites of DNA damage can disrupt normal DSB repair, revealing a mechanism for how oncogenes can create cancer-specific synthetic lethality within DDR networks.
Ansa-metallocene Catalyst based on 3-phenyl and 4-methyl Substituted: Catalyst Evaluation in Conjugated and Non-conjugated Diene Polymerization
Authors: ALI Amjad , Nadeem Muhammad , Naveed Ahmad , Aziz Tariq , Tufail Khurram , Moradian Jamile Mohammadi , Ahmad Naushad , Maouche Chanez , Rasheed Tahir , Zhiqiang Fan , Guo Li
Published: May 2023

In this contribution, we describe the kinetics associated with the rac-Me2Si[2-Me-4-Ph-Ind]2ZrCl2 (Cat-1)/borate/TIBA catalyzed copolymerization of E/dienes (isoprene (IP), butadiene (BD), 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB), 4-vinylcyclohexene (VCH) and vinyl norbornene (VNB)), and E/diene/1-hexene (1H) terpolymerization by using thiophenecarbonyl chloride (TPCC) that was used in Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) and metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) and E/P polymerizations. In both types of polymerizations, a higher amount of dienes was incorporated when VNB (2.70 mole %) and VCH (1.56 mole %) were added as comonomer, but IP and BD were incorporated with the moderated rate (0.6-1.1 mole %) with higher activities (3.45x106gm/mmolMt·h). The active center [Zr]/[C*] fraction is higher (61%) than previously reported PE polymerizations, especially in the case of E/IP, E/BD and E/IP/1H but lower than E/P (87%) copolymerization. Significantly, IP and BD activated the inactive catalytic sites that were dormant in the PE. The propagation rate constant (kpE) with IP was higher (kp564 Lmol-1s-1), while kpE with VNB (kp379 Lmol-1s-1) and VCH (kp304 Lmol-1s-1), which were lower than PE. This difference is built because of the diffusion barrier in the system. Compared to E/diene copolymers, kpE values in E/diene/1H terpolymerizations for IP, VCH, and VNB are higher and stable except ENB and determine that 1H prevents the insertion of dienes and reduces the crystalline properties resultant moderate kpE. Even though the E/BD copolymers decreased butadiene content of over 2 mol% resulted in better crystalline characteristics, lower diffusion barriers, and a higher kpE value. In concept, IP and BD are linear and readily available for coordination. While VCH, ENB and VNB are cyclic and bulky, metallocene in contact ion pairs cannot accept ENB, VNB, and VCH for coordination and subsequently act as dormant in the polymerization.
A Non-Canonical Nucleophile Unlocks a New Mechanistic Pathway in a Designed Enzyme
Authors: Crossley Amy , Crawshaw Rebecca , Hardy Florence , Johannissen Linus , Lister Thomas , Gérard Emilie , Birch-Price Zachary , Obexer Richard , Hay Sam , Green Anthony
Published: May 2023

Directed evolution of computationally designed enzymes has provided new insights into the emergence of sophisticated catalytic sites in proteins. In this regard, we have recently shown that a histidine nucleophile and a flexible arginine can work in synergy to accelerate the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction with unrivalled efficiency. Here, we show that replacing the catalytic histidine with a non-canonical Nδ-methylhistidine (MeHis23) nucleophile leads to a substantially altered evolutionary outcome in which the catalytic Arg124 has been abandoned. Instead, a Glu26 has emerged, which mediates a rate-limiting proton transfer step to deliver an enzyme (BHMeHis1.8) that is an order of magnitude more active than our earlier MBHase. Interestingly, the MeHis nucleophile of BHMeHis1.8 can be replaced by a canonical histidine with only a modest, 4-fold reduction in kcat. However, analysis of the BHMeHis1.8 evolutionary trajectory reveals that the non-canonical nucleophile was crucial in the early stages of engineering to unlock the new mechanistic pathway. This study demonstrates how even subtle perturbations to key catalytic elements of designed enzymes can lead to vastly different evolutionary outcomes, resulting in new mechanistic solutions to complex chemical transformations.
Exploring the detrimental influence of punishment in social dilemma contexts: Effects of punishment magnitude and type
Authors: Mizuno Keiko , Shimizu Hiroshi
Published: May 2023

An increasing body of research suggests that punishment systems in social dilemma situations may discourage cooperation by reducing trust and social incentives. If this is the case, one would expect a substantial decrease in cooperation when the punishment system is introduced and then removed. In this study, we defined the detrimental effect of punishment (DEP) as a reduction in cooperation after the removal of punishment in comparison to cooperation in a control group. We investigated the occurrence of DEP by manipulating the magnitude (strong, weak) and type (normative, competitive) of punishment. Through two pre-registered studies, we found no significant DEPs for any combination of punishment magnitude and type. By adopting the approach of ascertaining the robustness of the phenomenon under investigation before delving into its mechanism, it may be possible to address the reproducibility issue.
Urban greening effectively curbs warming in Chinese cities
Authors: Bai Tingting , Yang Lin , Zhou Yuyu , Chen Bin , Song Yongze , Yuan Yuan , Meng Lin , Xia Ziqian , Chen Min , Xu Zhenci , Zhao Peng , Dong Guihua , Zhang Lei , Zhao Jiacheng , Wu Wanben , Cheng Jie , Ciais Philippe , Dong Xu
Published: May 2023

Urban greening (UG) affects local climate by altering surface energy balance, while long-term UG cooling potential, patterns, and contribution to curbing urban warming remain unclear. Here we designed an novel statistical model with universal applicability to evaluate the cooling potential of UG (CPUG) and created the first CPUG map for China. By exploring the trends in observed and simulated urban surface temperatures (UST), we quantified the CPUG of 0.20 ± 2.02 K pver the past two decades, which slowed down the warming trend by 14.17% in Chinese cities. We found that the CPUG varied significantly between the urban core and sprawl areas. Specifically, the CPUG in the urban core was approximately 1.01 ± 1.53 K, and it contributed to curbing urban warming by 56.08%, which was more than 7.2 times higher than in the sprawl areas, where the CPUG was only 0.14 ± 1.95 K and contributed to curbing urban warming by 9.93%. We further revealed that urbanization and major ecological restoration projects are the key factors influencing CPUG, emphasizing the need for anthropogenic vegetation management to curb urban warming. The proposed model in this study provide a powerful tool for quantitatively assessing the impact of long-term UG trends on urban warming. The results of the study are an important reference for building climate-adaptive cities.
Association between salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load and acute and late symptoms of COVID-19 in non- hospitalized patients: A cohort study
Authors: Costa Denis Damião , Vaz Sara Nunes , Santana Daniele Souza , Santos Jean Nunes , Brites Carlos , Cury Patrícia Ramos
Published: May 2023

Background The clinical course of COVID-19 can be divided into two phases: acute and late.Aims This study evaluated the association between salivary SARS-CoV-2 load and acute and late symptoms of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients.Methods This cohort study included 109 participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a rapid antigen test (Ethics Committee, 4.434.828). Saliva samples were obtained and acute symptoms were recorded immediately after the diagnosis of COVID-19. Late symptoms were recorded 3 months later. The viral load was estimated based on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) cycle threshold (Ct). The chi-square and Student t test were used to assess the association between salivary viral load and symptoms (p ≤ 0.05).Results A lower salivary viral load was associated with diarrhea (RR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55–0.97, p = 0.04), anosmia (RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.47–0.84, p = 0.002), and dysgeusia (RR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52–0.91, p = 0.01) in the acute phase of the infection. Regarding late symptoms, a lower viral load remained associated with anosmia (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51–0.90, p = 0.05) and dysgeusia (RR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.50–0.70, p = 0.03).Conclusion Lower viral load is a known marker of mild COVID-19. The association of lower viral load with anosmia and dysgeusia in the acute and late phases of the disease and with diarrhea in the acute phase suggests that these symptoms are predictive of mild COVID-19.
CFD Modeling and Simulation of a Hydrotreatment Reactor Countercurrent Using Jatropha Curcas L. Vegetable Oil
Authors: Morales Pablo Vizguerra , Nieto Fabian S. Mederos
Published: May 2023

In this work, a drained bed reactor (TBR) was analyzed for the hydrotreatment process, using a commercial catalyst CoMo/\(\gamma\)-Al2O3, vegetable oil from Jatropha Curcas L. was used as raw material. The mode of operation of the reactor was considered in countercurrent. The operating conditions that were considered for the CFD simulation were temperature 320–380 ° C, pressure 8 MPag, LHSV 0.8–8.0 h− 1. The reactor model considers a single hydrocracking reaction of triglycerides to renewable fuels. The CFD simulation was carried out in Ansys Fluent 16.0 in transient state and in 3 dimensions, considering the turbulence model \(k- ϵ\) standard, Eulerian multiphase model for 3 phases and the porous medium model, obtaining results very similar to the experimental ones, a good approximation with the experimental results which can be applied to the industrial scale was shown.
Association between weight gain during 24 gestational weeks and pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study in Chinese population
Authors: Wei Xiao-Wei , Qin Chuan-Mei , Cheng De-Cui , Zhou Dong-Mei , Zhan Shi-Tong , Jia Hao-Yi , Liu Xue-Qing , Lin Yi , Xu Xian-Ming , Ma Jie
Published: May 2023

Background Although the association between inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse pregnancy outcomes has been investigated in China, most studies use the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines, which might not be suitable for Chinese women characteristics. Besides, studies exploring association between GWG in the second trimester and pregnancy outcomes are relatively few. Methods A total of 976 cases of live-birth singleton pregnancies at the Shanghai General Hospital were included in this retrospective observational study. Patients were classified into three groups including GWG during 24 gestational weeks (G24WG) within, below and above the Standard of Recommendation for Weight Gain during Pregnancy Period published by Maternal and Child Health Standards Professional Committee of National Health Commission (NHC), China PR in 2022 (2022 Chinese GWG guidelines), which specifies the recommended value of weight gain of natural singleton pregnancy in China. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of adverse pregnancy outcomes among three G24WG groups. Results Of the 976 women analyzed, 12.6% had G24WG below the 2022 Chinese GWG guidelines, while 37.2% had G24WG above the 2022 Chinese GWG guidelines. Women with G24WG below the 2022 Chinese GWG guidelines had a higher risk of Small for Gestational Age (SGA, Adjusted OR = 2.690, 95% CI: 1.334–5.427, P = 0.006) and a lower risk of Large for Gestational Age (LGA, Adjusted OR = 0.435, 95% CI: 0.228–0.829, P = 0.011) than women who had G24WG within the 2022 Chinese GWG guidelines. Conclusions G24WG is a strong predictor of newborn anthropometric outcomes and help doctors provide appropriate nutritional counseling for pregnant women in China.
Analyzing aberrant DNA methylation in Colorectal cancer uncovered intangible heterogeneity of gene effects in the survival time of patients
Authors: Khaniki Saeedeh Hajebi , Shokoohi Farhad , Esmaily Habibollah , Kerachian Mohammad Amin
Published: May 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) involves epigenetic alterations. Irregular gene-methylation alteration causes and advances CRC tumor growth. Detecting differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in CRC and patient survival time paves the way to early cancer detection and prognosis. However, CRC data including survival times are heterogeneous. Almost all studies tend to ignore the heterogeneity of DMG effects on survival. To this end, we utilized a sparse estimation method in the finite mixture of accelerated failure time (AFT) regression models to capture such heterogeneity. We analyzed a dataset of CRC and normal colon tissues and identified 3,406 DMGs. Analysis of overlapped DMGs with several Gene Expression Omnibus datasets led to 917 hypo- and 654 hyper-methylated DMGs. CRC pathways were revealed via gene ontology enrichment. Hub genes were selected based on Protein-Protein-Interaction network including SEMA7A, GATA4, LHX2, SOST, and CTLA4, regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. The relationship between identified DMGs/hub genes and patient survival time uncovered a two-component mixture of AFT regression model. The genes NMNAT2, ZFP42, NPAS2, MYLK3, NUDT13, KIRREL3, and FKBP6 and hub genes SOST, NFATC1, and TLE4 were associated with survival time in the most aggressive form of the disease that can serve as potential diagnostic targets for early CRC detection.
An Optimized Hierarchal Cluster Formation Approach for Smart Cities
Authors: Saleh Safa'a S. , Alansari Iman , Hamiaz Mounira K. , Ead Waleed , Tarabishi Rana , Khater Hatem
Published: May 2023

A smart city uses Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance the management of many daily routine tasks such as traffic system, energy consumption, and waste collection. The Quality of Service (QoS) of these daily routine tasks are based on an assistive observation system. Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) as the key component of IoT are used here to gather data into surveillance subsystems for supporting the decision making. To enhance the collected data management of surveillance subsystems, many clustering techniques are introduced. The low-power adaptive clustering protocol is a key technique of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, this protocol has deterring limitations, especially in the cluster formation step, which negatively affect many nodes. Considering this problem, the current research proposes an Opt-LEACH system that attempts to optimize the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy. The proposed system depends on the suitability of residual energy in nodes to cover the communication energy with CHs as a key factor when allocating the node clusters in the first competition. The remaining power and the density of CHs are employed to weight the accepted CHs and adjust the optimized size of clusters in the secondary competition. The impact factor of each candidate member node is applied in the third competition. The simulation results clarify the ability of Opt-LEACH to improve the cluster formation and to enhance communication within clusters. The advantages and efficiency of Opt-LEACH are observed via the increased number of surviving nodes, increased residual energy of nodes and higher network lifetime.
Essential Surgery Delivery in the Northern Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Malemo Luc Kalisya , Yap Ava , Mitume Boniface , Salmon Christian , Karafuli Kambale , Poenaru Dan , Onyango Rosebella
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Essential surgical services are a critical component of any functional healthcare system, though this capacity is not known in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) including the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Methods: Hospitals were assessed in the North Kivu province of the DRC. Hospital characteristics and surgical rates were determined using the WHO-PGSSC hospital assessment tool and operating room (OR) registries. Primary predictors were the number of trained surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and obstetricians (SAOs) and the number of perioperative providers (including clinical officers and nurse anaesthetists) per 100,000 people. The primary outcome of interest was the number of Bellwether operations (i.e. Caesarean sections, laparotomies, and external fixation for bone fractures) per 100,000 people. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were performed.
Results: Twenty-eight hospital facilities were assessed over the course of 2021; 24 (86%) were first-level referral health centres while 4 (14%) were second-level referral hospitals. In total, 11,176 Bellwether procedures were performed in the region. Rates per 100,000 people were 1,461 Bellwether surgical interventions, 1.05 SAOs, and 13.1 perioperative providers. In univariate analysis, each additional SAO added 239 additional cases annually (p=0.023), while each additional perioperative provider added 110 cases annually (p<0.001). After adjusting for other hospital services, the association between workforce and Bellwether surgeries was no longer significant (p=0.322).
Conclusions: Delivery of essential surgery is lower in the current DRC study compared to other African settings. Major investments are needed to alleviate pre-hospital barriers in basic healthcare facilities and increase surgical workforce training.
Possible core symbiosis-related genes in early life stages of Acropora tenuis inoculated with Symbiodinium microadriaticum
Authors: Chiu Yi-Ling , Uchida Taiga , Yamashita Hiroshi , Suzuki Go , Shinzato Chuya , Yoshioka Yuki
Published: May 2023

Due to the ecological importance of mutualisms between reef-building corals and symbiotic algae (Family Symbiodiniaceae), various transcriptomic studies on coral-algal symbiosis have been performed; however, molecular mechanisms, especially essential genes in these symbioses remain unknown. We investigated transcriptomic responses of Acropora tenuis to inoculation with the native algal symbiont, Symbiodinium microadriaticum, during early life stages, and identified possible “core” symbiosis-related genes. Genes involved in immune suppression, defense against oxidative stress, and metabolic interactions between partners are particularly important for symbiosis during Acropora early life stages. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that some core symbiosis-related genes originated by gene duplication in the Acropora lineage, suggesting that gene duplication may have been the driving force to establish stable mutualism in Acropora, and that symbiotic molecular mechanisms may vary depending on each coral lineage.
Association of FTO Gene Variant rs9939609 with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from Gujarat, India
Authors: Chaudhary Hiral , Patel Jalpa , Jain Nayan K. , Panchal Sonal , Laddha Naresh , Joshi Rushikesh
Published: May 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a multifactorial endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women. Obesity and insulin resistance are well-known risk factors for PCOS. We investigated the frequency of rs9939609 in the FTO gene in women with PCOS and healthy controls and its relationship with metabolic traits and endocrine parameters in Gujarat province, India.Method We recruited 114 women (62 PCOS patients and 52 healthy controls). The genetic make-up of the rs9939609 polymorphisms in the FTO gene was conducted by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction.Results: The following genotype frequencies were found for rs9939609 in the FTO gene: Controls had 40.38% TT, 30.77% TA, and 28.85% AA, while cases had 43.55% TT, 19.35% TA, and 37.10% AA, with allele frequencies of 55.77% T allele and 44.23% A allele for controls and 53.23% T allele and 46.77% A allele for cases, respectively. The levels of total testosterone, DHEAS, and BMI were found to be statistically different between cases and controls. There were no differences in clinical variables between genotypes in the PCOS group.Conclusion There was no direct association between the rs9939609 FTO gene variant and PCOS in the study group, but it did have an impact on clinical features such as obesity and insulin resistance. According to our results, obese PCOS patients develop insulin resistance more often than nonobese PCOS patients.
Workers’ behavior after safety regulations: Impact evaluation of the Spanish Occupational Safety and Health Act
Authors: Delgado-Cubillo Pablo , Martín-Román Ángel
Published: May 2023

While the 1995 Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH) regulation transformed the outlook on workplaces in Spain, characterized by a lack of preventive protection, public statistics have reported an increasing trend in the postregulation workplace accident rates. This study uses microdata from official national statistics to examine the effect of the OSH regulation on the reported accidents while focusing on its severity. Accordingly, we apply a difference-in-difference assessment method where a comparable group is formed by the contemporaneous in itinere accidents (commuting), which are legally and statistically considered work-related accidents but not directly impacted by the OSH regulation, with a focus on the workplace environment. The results reveal that the nonfatal accident rate decreased after the implementation of the regulation. However, when we isolate the effect of the regulation on accidents that usually provoke hard-to-diagnose injuries (dislocations, back pain, sprains, and strains), we obtain a significant increase in the accident rate. Moral hazard mixed effects seem to have played a crucial role in these dynamics through overreporting and/or Peltzman effects, often offsetting accident reduction intended by the OSH regulation.
JEL CLASSIFICATION
K31, I18, D04, H43, J28
Impact of biofumigation on reducing swine parasite contamination on organic pastures
Authors: Li Yuzhi , Major Sara , Carr Rick , Hernandez Alexander D.
Published: May 2023

This study explored whether biofumigation with rapeseed can reduce swine parasite eggs in pasture soil. Pastures were subjected to four treatments: rapeseed or Ladino clover pastures, each with or without biofumigation (i.e. mechanical incorporation of plant residues into the soil). Each pasture was split into four paddocks and 8 to 9 pigs were given access to each paddock for one week. Fecal samples (n = 66) were collected from each pig before grazing for analysis of Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis, and Oesophagostomum spp. egg counts. Soil samples (n = 480) were collected from each paddock before grazing, immediately after pigs were removed from paddocks, and weekly thereafter for three weeks for analysis of Ascaris suum, and Trichuris suis egg counts. Pasture treatment did not affect egg counts of either parasite species in the soil. Eggs of A. suum and T. suis in pasture soil were reduced (both P < 0.05) two weeks after pigs were removed, compared to before grazing and immediately after pigs were removed. This study demonstrated that biofumigation was not effective in reducing swine parasite eggs in organic pasture soil, and parasite contamination was reduced two weeks after pigs were removed from pastures regardless of biofumigation.
Self-management challenges and support needs among patients with primary glaucoma: A qualitative study
Authors: Hua Yiting , LU Hujie , Dai Jingyao , Zhou Yewei , Zhou Wenzhe , Wang Aisun , Chen Yanyan , Liang Youping
Published: May 2023

Background
Self-management plays an important role in the disease management of glaucoma patients. Evidence suggests that tailoring self-management support to patients' individual needs may enhance program effectiveness. However, most research on self-management support has focused solely on the performance of self-management tasks or the efficacy of support programs, neglecting the crucial aspect of addressing patients' unique needs for self-management. Therefore, in this study, we conducted an in-depth investigation into the self-management challenges and support needs of patients with primary glaucoma, providing a basis for nursing staff to implement self-management support.
Method
The phenomenological method and semistructured interviews were used in this study. A total of 20 patients with primary glaucoma were recruited between June and December 2022. Colaizzi’s analysis method was used to analyse the interview data.
Results
Challenges for patients include becoming an expert in glaucoma, managing negative emotions, adapting to daily life changes and resuming social activities. To address these challenges, four themes of patient self-management support needs were identified:(1)health information support,༈2༉social support,༈3༉psychological support, and༈4༉daily living support.
Conclusion
Patients with primary glaucoma experience varying degrees of challenge in dealing with medical, emotional, and social aspects. Comprehending the support needs of patients, healthcare professionals should deliver targeted, personalized and comprehensive self-management interventions to enhance their capacity of patients to perform self-management and improve their quality of life.
Energy security and corruption in Central Asia as the main challenges for the European Union energy diversification policy
Authors: Vasić Bojana , Pekić Ivan , Šimić Goran
Published: May 2023

Background
The main goal of the paper is to define, analyze and assess the basic security, development and institutional challenges faced by the Central Asian countries after 2022. Following the Covid-19 pandemic, and with the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis, Europe faced the need to find other sources of energy supply outside the Russian Federation. The Central Asian region is rich in energy resources and is therefore of special importance, but at the same time it is also a region of special geopolitical interest of often conflicting parties - the region for which there are limited information and insufficient academic literature about development, various aspects of security, internal specificities and future challenges.
Methods
The research included qualitative and quantitative analyses carried out for Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Data processing was performed on the basis of 16 selected indicators in the fields of economy, energy, governance and climate change, for the time period from 2011 to 2021. Data processing was performed using the correlation and regression analysis (ANOVA).
Results
The results showed that energy policy and corruption represent one of the biggest problems faced by the countries of Central Asia, which strongly affects the energy security and sustainable development, not only of the countries of Central Asia, but also of all countries that are supplied with energy products from this region, or plan to do so. Correlation analysis shows that the countries of Central Asia have certain similarities when it comes to economic and social policy. Energy security is positive only in the case of Turkmenistan. Regression analysis shows that Kazakhstan reported the best positive trend for most indicators. Data for Germany show consistent values over the observed period.
Conclusions
The main conclusions of the paper indicate that the countries of Central Asia have made little progress when it comes to overall sustainable development, with energy security, corruption and government efficiency being the biggest problems. The European Union and Europe as a whole must find ways and mechanisms to overcome these and many other impediments if they are to get energy products from the aforementioned region.
Revocable Multiple Groups Outsourcing Data Integrity Auditing Scheme on Lattices
Authors: Liu xueyan , Zhang xiaoyan , Wang jia , Li xiliang
Published: May 2023

The massive data scale and diverse data types give the data greater value. In the context of the big data era, the realization of outsourced data sharing is conducive to the maximum potential of the data. However, most of the existing outsourcing data sharing schemes only consider data sharing among members in a single group, and ignore the scenario of outsourcing data sharing among multiple groups. In addition, most data integrity auditing schemes use large integer decomposition, discrete logarithms, and other difficult problems. With the rapid development of quantum computing and quantum communication technologies, their security is challenged. In view of these, a lattice-based user revocable multiple groups outsourcing data integrity auditing scheme is proposed. Lattice based delegation technique is used to generate user private keys, which can resist the attack of key exposure, optimize the inherent anonymity and traceability of the group signature. We also combine the technique with identity-based encryption to protect user identity and avoid complex certificate management issues. The use of rejection sampling algorithm in the signature phase to improve signature and verification efficiency. Furthermore, three cases of batch auditing are discussed according to the source of users. At last, the LPR encryption algorithm is adopted to ensure that the group manager can open the group signature by tracing keys and thus enable identity tracing. When a user is revoked, the manager uses the SamplePre algorithm to regenerate partial private keys for the non-revoked users and ensure the security and confidentiality of data. The scheme satisfies conditional anonymity, unforgeability and traceability on the basis of assumptions of RSIS and RLWE problems.
Advance in online education recommender systems during and after Covid-19 a survey
Authors: Oussouaddi Radia , Hassouny Azeddine El , Ismaili Zine El Abidine Alaoui
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated the adoption of online education, necessitating the development and enhancement of recommender systems tailored to this context. This survey paper investigates the key advancements, impacts, challenges, adaptations, and ethical considerations associated with online education recommender systems during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. We explore the key factors considered in designing and implementing these systems, including user preferences, course content, pedagogical approaches, and scalability. Furthermore, we analyze how these recommender systems impact student engagement and learning outcomes by providing personalized learning experiences, access to diverse resources, and targeted skill development. The survey also sheds light on the challenges and limitations faced by these systems, such as limited In-Person Interaction, increased Demand for Online Education, and lack of Social Learning Opportunities. Moreover, we examine how online education recommender systems adapt to changing student needs and preferences in the dynamic post-pandemic landscape. Lastly, we address the ethical considerations and privacy concerns related to the use of these systems, emphasizing theimportance of transparency, data privacy, and addressing biases. This comprehensive survey serves as avaluable resource for researchers, educators, and practitioners interested in understanding and advancingonline education recommender systems during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Accidental Ingestion of Isoniazid Causing Toxicity in a Dog: a Case Report
Authors: Haritha G S , P Ramesh , B Prakash Kumar , K Manoj Kumar , B Srilatha , K Prabhakar Rao
Published: May 2023

A seven month old male spitz dog was presented with history of accidental ingestion of Isoniazid tablets. On presentation, signs of seizures, involuntary defecation and urination, vomiting and excess salivation were noticed. Clinical examination revealed tachycardia, ataxia, increased respiratory rate, congested mucus membrane and severe dehydration. Immediately, therapy was aimed at stabilization of the dog with fluid therapy, anticonvulsants (Diazepam) and antidote i.e., Pyridoxine. The clinical signs subsided in four hours of therapy. Complete blood profile revealed hemoconcentration, mild neutrophilia, hypoproteinemia, elevated BUN, creatinine and ALP values. The dog was kept under observation for 48 hours. After 24 hours of therapy, apart from vomiting no other clinical signs were noticed. Fluid therapy along with anti-emetics, proton pump inhibitors and oral pyridoxine was administered for two more days following first day. The dog showed complete recovery on day three of therapy and the biochemical values were back to normal on seventh day. The present case reports a dog with accidental oral ingestion of Isoniazid, its clinical signs and therapeutic management.
Sky brightness evaluation and first coronal signal detection from Concordia Base (Antarctica) with a calibrated micropolarizer array camera
Authors: Liberatore Alessandro , Capobianco Gerardo , Fineschi Silvano , Massone Giuseppe , Zangrilli Luca , Susino Roberto , Nicolini Gianalfredo
Published: May 2023

The solar corona is the outer layer of the Sun atmosphere. The brightness of the solar corona is a million times lower than the solar disk. The Earth’s sky brightness itself is higher enough to cover the coronal signal during ground-based observations. For this reason, the study of sky characteristics plays a fundamental role in observing the solar corona. To date, the only place with the sky characteristics that allow continuous coronagraphic measurements from Earth is at the MLO (Mauna Loa Observatory; Hawaii, ≈ 3400 m a.s.l.). This paper shows the results obtained as part of the “Extreme Solar Coronagraphy Antarctic Program Experiment” (ESCAPE) at Concordia Base, Antarctica (Dome C plateau-coord: 75 06S; 123 20E-≈ 3300 m above sea level) during the 37th campaign and give a summary of all the sky-brightness measurements obtained from this site (campaign 34th and 35th). Dome C is confirmed to be a coronagraphic site with a sky brightness value of about 1×10^−6 B⊙. For the first time, it was also possible to detect a coronal signal and to compare it with what was measured by the COronal Solar Magnetism Observatory (COSMO) K-coronagraph (K-Cor) at the MLO. All these results were obtained by using a micropolarizer camera mounted within a coronagraph designed for Antarctic environments.
Effects of Delivery Method on Skin Diseases and Allergy Status in Pediatric Patients Depending on Sociodemographic Characteristics
Authors: Metin Zuhal
Published: May 2023

Recent data support a relationship between gut microbiota and various chronic diseases, with emerging evidence indicating a similar association with skin microbiota. This study examined the impact of delivery method on skin microbiota and explored its effects on skin diseases and allergies. Sociodemographic characteristics and allergy status, which are potential factors impacting skin microbiota, were also considered to investigate this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 285 pediatric patients. The delivery method, allergy status, age, gender, consanguineous marriage and parental smoking exposure factors were questioned. The present diagnoses of the patients were also recorded by the dermatologist. Categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square analysis and a binary logistic test was used for further analysis. Results revealed an increased risk of allergy and infectious skin diseases (viral, bacterial, fungal) in cesarean section (p < 0.001, p = 0.057). However, the risk of scabies was higher in normal delivery (p = 0.032). There was no significant relationship between the method of delivery and atopic or non-atopic dermatitis. For children born by cesarean section, parental smoking exposure and allergies were identified as factors increasing the risk of atopic dermatitis (p = 0.045, p = 0.018). On the other hand, children born by normal delivery and exposed to parental smoking had a decreased occurrence of non-atopic dermatitis (p = 0,051). Allergic children born by cesarean section exhibited a lower prevalence of infectious skin diseases (p = 0.037). In addition, a decrease in infectious skin diseases from 21,2% to 10,3% was observed after 3 years of age in normal births (p = 0,139). The etiopathogenesis of diseases is a complex process influenced by multiple factors, including delivery method, sociodemographic characteristics, and other unidentified factors. These factors interact and exert their effects on the microbiota and other systems, including immunological mechanisms. Minimizing risk factors and creating a balanced and healthy microbiota, especially in early life, through personal and environmental measures, will be an important part of the microbiota-targeted treatment.
Source identification of shared web content in online social media: A watermarking approach
Authors: Shaliyar Mohd , Mustafa Khurram
Published: May 2023

Purpose
An online social media (OSM) is a powerful virtual network that facilitates global forwarding/sharing of messages, planning, analysis, and/or voting. Due to the rapid enhancement of accessibility of internet services, one may simply forward/share web content through OSM. These may include renowned OSM platforms Twitter, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook to name a few. Such a practice of sharing web content without validating the authenticity of the source may have major political, social, or economic ramifications for society. The proposed research work aimed to propose a novel watermarking approach to reveal the first user/source of shared web content (image) on OSM.
Method
To authenticate the source, the combination of 10 digit mobile number, social security number (AADHAAR number in India), GPS coordinates, and specific code of the messenger app are used as a watermark. Prior to integration, the hamming code is utilized to encode the watermark, to make an approach more robust. In the embedding phase, the cover image is initially split into non-overlapping uniform blocks. Afterward, each block is subjected to Slantlet transformation (SLT). Moreover, four copies of the source-centric data are inserted during the watermark insertion process to achieve high reliability. The proposed method has been validated for effectiveness experimentally and compared with other closely related studies.
Results
The results revealed a higher level of robustness with a significant level of imperceptibility in terms of BER and PSNR respectively under various signal-processing attacks. In addition, the approach is determined to be fast enough for practical usage. Hence, the identification of the source of the shared content has been achieved to a higher degree.
Conclusion
A comparison with various existing approaches shows the applicability of the proposed methodology in terms of robustness, durability, and time complexity. The scope of the research will be broadened in the near future to advance in watermarking employing host images of varying sizes, attacks involving rotation and translation, and blockchain technology.
Evaluation of Knowledge and Counseling on Metered-Dose Inhalers and Nebulisers among Community Pharmacists in Ibadan - An Intervention Study
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Aje Akinniyi Akinbiyi , Adekunle Taiwo Abiola ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated the impact of an educational intervention on knowledge and counseling on metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and nebulisers among community pharmacists in Ibadan, Nigeria. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was utilised for data collection on study participants’ baseline knowledge and counseling on the selected asthma medication devices. The community pharmacists were randomised into control and intervention groups. An online educational intervention was carried out among pharmacists in the intervention group. The intervention comprised updates on basic information vis-à-vis knowledge and patient counseling on MDIs and nebulisers. A post-intervention assessment was carried out a month later to evaluate the impact of the intervention. Data was summarised using descriptive and inferential statistics, with level of significance set as p < 0.05. Response rate was 77.2% (112/145). Study findings showed significant improvement on knowledge and counseling among the community pharmacists in the intervention group, postintervention. Pharmacists’ knowledge of MDIs and nebulisers (control versus intervention) was comparable at baseline (5.83 ± 2.46 versus 6.34 ± 2.16) but significantly different postintervention (5.87 ± 2.34 versus 7.10 ± 2.21). Similarly, pharmacists’ counselling on asthma medication devices was comparable at baseline (3.59 ± 2.54 versus 3.63 ± 1.83) but significantly different postintervention (3.35 ± 3.13 versus 7.93 ± 2.58). Work experience as community pharmacists did not influence participants’ knowledge and counseling on MDIs and nebulisers. The educational intervention significantly improved knowledge and counseling on MDIs and nebulisers among community pharmacists in Ibadan, Nigeria. There is need for regular educational updates to improve the quality of care offered by community pharmacists.
ANALISIS KESIAPAN AKUNTAN MILENIAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL
Authors: Pardosi Cheline Cecylia , Fanami M.Alif Zainal , Asyifanaya Athala
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the readiness of millennial accountants to use accounting information systems in the form of system applications and data processing products (SAPs) to provide added value to accountants in the face of technological advances in the era of COVID-19. This study was conducted using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data is collected via an online questionnaire with eligible respondents and processed using Smart PLS 3.0 software. The data analysis method used is a quantitative method. The result is the resulting statistic for table values t > 1.96 and pvalues dan lt; 0.05. This shows that each explanatory variable has a positive effect on the dependent variable, so it can be inferred that millennial accountants' decision to use SAP application depends on simplicity, advantage, and positive attitude toward application use. Application Impact. Keywords: Millenial accountant, COVID-19, SAP, TAMABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapan Akuntan Milenial dalam mengoperasikan sistem informasi akuntansi berupa Systems Applications and Product in Data Processing (SAP) guna memberikan nilai tambah bagi seorang Akuntan dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi di era pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian dilakukan melalui model Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner daring dengan responden yang telah memenuhi kriteria dan diolah dengan bantuan software Smart PLS 3.0. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai t-statistik yang dihasilkan pada nilai tabel t > 1,96 dan nilai p-values < 0.05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing variabel independen berpengaruh positif terhadap variabel dependen sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa keputusan Akuntan Milenial untuk menggunakan aplikasi SAP dipengaruhi oleh kemudahan, manfaat, dan sikap positif terhadap penggunaan aplikasi, yang kemudian akan berdampak pada nilai tambah seorang Akuntan. Kata Kunci: Akuntan milenial, COVID-19, SAP, TAM
PIUTANG SEBAGAI MEDIASI DALAM STRUKTUR MODAL MEMPENGARUHI RETURN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Murtini Umi
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT This study examines the role of receivables as a intervening variable in the capital structure affecting stock returns. The amount of receivables is measured using the natural logarithm of receivables, the capital structure is measured using the debt equity ratio (DER) and the return on shares is measured using annual stock returns.  The analysis method is used regression with panel data (pooled data). The regression model is used the Common Effect Model. The research sample was used by banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2016-2020 period. The results showed that receivables supported as a intervening variable in the capital structure affect stock returns. Keywords: DER, receivables, stock return, moderatingABSTRAKPenelitian ini menguji peran piutang sebagai variabel mediasi dalam struktur modal  mempengaruhi return saham. Besarnya piutang diukur menggunakan logaritma natural piutang, struktur modal diukur menggunakan debt equity ratio (DER) dan return saham diukur menggunakan return saham tahunan.  Metoda analisis digunakan regresi dengan data panel (pooled data). Model regresi digunakan Common Effect Model. Sampel penelitian digunakan perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa piutang terdukung sebagai variabel mediasi dalam struktur modal mempengaruhi return saham. Kata Kunci: DER, piutang, return saham, pemoderasi