bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALTERNATIVA DE TRAÇADO DE UMA REDE COLETORA DE ESGOTO SANITÁRIO EM UM TRECHO DA UNIFOR
Authors: Iury Alves Lira Carlos , Keroly Bezerra Alexandrino Letícia , Gonzaga Lapa Junior Luiz
Published: June 2023

A preocupação com o saneamento sempre esteve ligada à transmissão de doenças, bem como o desenvolvimento industrial e a carência e degradação dos recursos naturais. Estas medidas de proteção ao meio ambiente foram criadas para garantir a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Este trabalho mostra a relação existente entre saneamento básico, saúde pública, ganhos econômicos e o papel social da Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR) nesse contexto. Foram identificados os impactos que a falta de saneamento pode trazer para o ser humano e para o meio ambiente; Foram apresentados os tipos de coleta de esgoto e o método para o dimensionamento da rede coletora. Como resultado, demonstra-se uma rede coletora para 5 blocos da universidade com o objetivo de fazer a interligação com rede de coleta pública, serviço administrado pela Companhia de Água e Esgoto do Ceará-CAGECE. Com o dimensionamento foi identificado uma vazão de 27,5L/s de efluente a jusante da rede coletora, sendo necessário o investimento de R$ 48.334,83 para implementação do projeto. Por fim, verificou-se que o serviço de limpeza de fossas aderido pela universidade possui um custo 33% superior ao serviço disponibilizado pela CAGECE.
New contributions of the Inter-American Human Rights system to the needs of private interest of migratory flows
Authors: Mariana Cruz Rojas Ilse
Published: June 2023

The article addresses the study of the transformation in migratory profiles, categories in which people are placed as migrants, which due to the globalization of migratory flows have created new challenges of migratory regulation. The countries belonging to the Inter-American Human Rights System, in order to face these challenges, have developed tools that codify the application of conventional instruments to once again open the possibility of a more dynamic normative unification. The control of conventionality is one of the key points on which the analysis of the internal application of the national regulations of the countries is in harmony with the international criteria and that has undoubtedly materialized in the unified codification of the internal law of the members. , so that it is relevant for migration policy, because the migrant as a global citizen will not have a single legal framework, but rather starts from a particular territorial area, to later move beyond the traditional spheres of power, for the capacity it has to relate to other subjects of international law. Thus, the study finally moves to those tools of conventional interpretation and those created with the objective of governing the private relations of migratory flows in the territories of the members of the community.
Measurement report: Atmospheric CH4 at regional stations of the Korea Meteorological Administration–Global Atmosphere Watch Programme: measurement, characteristics, and long-term changes of its drivers
Authors: Lee Haeyoung , Seo Wonick , Li Shanlan , Lee Soojeong , Kenea Samuel Takele , Joo Sangwon
Published: June 2023

Abstract. To quantify CH4 emissions at policy-relevant spatial scales, the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) started monitoring its
atmospheric levels in 1999 at Anmyeondo (AMY) and expanded monitoring to Jeju Gosan Suwolbong (JGS) and Ulleungdo (ULD) in 2012. The monitoring
system consists of a cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) and a new cryogenic drying method, with a measurement uncertainty (68 % c.i. (confidence interval))
of ± 0.7–0.8 ppb. To determine the regional characteristics of CH4 at each KMA station, we assessed the CH4 level
relative to local background (CH4xs), analyzed local surface winds and CH4 with bivariate polar plots, and investigated
CH4 diurnal cycles. We also compared the CH4 levels measured at KMA stations with those measured at the Mt. Waliguan (WLG)
station in China and Ryori (RYO) station in Japan. CH4xs followed the order AMY (55.3 ± 37.7 ppb) > JGS
(24.1 ± 10.2 ppb) > ULD (7.4 ± 3.9 ppb). Although CH4 was observed in well-mixed air at AMY, it was higher
than at other KMA stations, indicating that it was affected not only by local sources but also by distant air masses. Annual mean CH4 was
highest at AMY among all East Asian stations, while its seasonal amplitude was smaller than at JGS, which was strongly affected in the summer by
local biogenic activities. From the long-term records at AMY, we confirmed that growth rate increased by 3.3 ppb yr−1 during 2006/2010
and by 8.3 ppb yr−1 from 2016 to 2020, which is similar to the global trend. Studies indicated that the recent global accelerated
CH4-growth rate was related to biogenic sources. However, δ13CH4 indicates that the CH4 trend in East Asia is
derived from both biogenic and fossil fuel sources from 2006 to 2020. We confirmed that long-term high-quality data can help understand changes in
CH4 emissions in East Asia.
Global evaluation of Doppler velocity errors of EarthCARE cloud-profiling radar using a global storm-resolving simulation
Authors: Hagihara Yuichiro , Ohno Yuichi , Horie Hiroaki , Roh Woosub , Satoh Masaki , Kubota Takuji
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The cloud-profiling radar (CPR) on the Earth Clouds,
Aerosol, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite (EC-CPR) is the first
satellite-borne Doppler radar. In a previous study, we examined
the effects of horizontal (along-track) integration and simple unfolding
methods on the reduction of Doppler errors in the EC-CPR observations, and
those effects were evaluated using two limited scenes in limited-latitude
and low-pulse-repetition-frequency (PRF) settings. In this study, the amount
of data used was significantly increased, and the area of the data used was
extended globally. Not only low-PRF but also high-PRF settings were
examined. We calculated the EC-CPR-observed Doppler velocity from pulse-pair
covariances using the radar reflectivity factor and Doppler velocity
obtained from a satellite data simulator and a global storm-resolving
simulation. The global data were divided into five latitudinal zones, and
each standard deviation of Doppler errors for 5 dBZe after 10 km
integration was calculated. In the case of the low-PRF setting, the error
without unfolding correction for the tropics reached a maximum of 2.2 m s−1 and then decreased toward the poles (0.43 m s−1). The error
with unfolding correction for the tropics became much smaller at 0.63 m s−1. In the case of the high-PRF setting, the error without unfolding
correction for the tropics reached a maximum of 0.78 m s−1 and then
decreased toward the poles (0.19 m s−1). The error with unfolding
correction for the tropics was 0.29 m s−1, less than half the value
without the correction. The results of the analyses of the simulated data
indicated that the zonal mean frequency of precipitation echoes was highest
in the tropics and decreased toward the poles. Considering a limitation of
the unfolding correction for discrimination between large upward velocity
and large precipitation falling velocity, the latitudinal variation in the
standard deviation of Doppler error can be explained by the precipitation
echo distribution.
Quantifying Functional Group Compositions of Household Fuel Burning Emissions
Authors: Li Emily Y. , Yazdani Amir , Dillner Ann M. , Shen Guofeng , Champion Wyatt M. , Jetter James J. , Preston William T. , Russell Lynn M. , Hays Michael D. , Takahama Satoshi
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Globally, billions of people burn fuels indoors for cooking and heating, which contributes to millions of chronic illnesses and premature deaths annually. Additionally, residential burning contributes significantly to black carbon emissions, which have the highest global warming impacts after carbon dioxide and methane. In this study, we use Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze fine particulate emissions collected on Teflon membrane filters from fifteen cookstove types and five fuel types. Emissions from three fuel types (charcoal, kerosene, and red oak wood) were found to have enough FTIR spectral response for functional group (FG) analysis. We present distinct spectral profiles for particulate emissions of these three fuel types. We highlight the influential FGs constituting organic carbon (OC) using a multivariate statistical method and show that OC estimates by collocated FTIR and thermal optical transmittance (TOT) are highly correlated, with a coefficient of determination of 82.5 %. As FTIR analysis is fast, non-destructive, and provides complementary FG information, the analysis method demonstrated herein can substantially reduce the need for thermal-optical measurements for source emissions.
Active thermokarst regions contain rich sources of ice nucleating particles
Authors: Barry Kevin R. , Hill Thomas C. J. , Nieto-Caballero Marina , Douglas Thomas A. , Kreidenweis Sonia M. , DeMott Paul J. , Creamean Jessie M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Rapid Arctic climate warming, amplified relative to lower latitude regions, has led to permafrost thaw and associated thermokarst processes. Recent work has shown permafrost is a rich source of ice nucleating particles (INPs) that can initiate ice formation in supercooled liquid clouds. Since the phase of Arctic clouds strongly affects the surface energy budget, especially over ice-laden surfaces, characterizing INP sources in this region is critical. For the first time, we provide a large- scale survey of potential INP sources in tundra terrain where thermokarst processes are active and relate to INPs in the air. Permafrost, seasonally thawed active layer, ice wedge, vegetation, water, and aerosol samples were collected near Utqiaġvik, Alaska in late summer and analyzed for their INP contents. Permafrost was confirmed as a rich source of INPs that was enhanced near the coast. The aerosol likely contained a mixture of known and unsurveyed INP types that were inferred as biological. Arctic water bodies were shown to be important links of sources to the atmosphere in thermokarst regions. Therefore, a positive relationship found with total organic carbon gives a mechanism for future parameterization as permafrost continues to thaw and drive regional landscape shifts.
Stratospheric ozone depletion inside the volcanic plume shortly after the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption
Authors: Zhu Yunqian , Portmann Robert W. , Kinnison Douglas , Toon Owen B. , Millán Luis , Zhang Jun , Vömel Holger , Tilmes Simone , Bardeen Charles G. , Wang Xinyue , Evan Stephanie , Randel William J. , Rosenlof Karen H.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In-plume ozone depletion was observed for about ten days by Microwave Limb Sounder (Aura/MLS) right after the January 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) eruption. This work analyzes the dynamic and chemical causes of this ozone depletion. The results show that the large water injection (~150 Tg) from the HTHH eruption, with ~0.0013 Tg injection of ClO (or ~0.0009 Tg of HCl), causes ozone loss due to strongly enhanced HOx and ClOx cycles and their interactions. Aside from the gas phase chemistry, the heterogeneous reaction rate for HOCl+HCl→Cl2+H2O increases to 104 cm-3 sec-1 and is a major cause of chlorine activation, making this event unique compared with the springtime polar ozone depletion where HCl+ClONO2 is more important. The large water injection causes relative humidity over ice to increase to 70 %–100 %, decreases the H2SO4/H2O binary solution weight percent to 35 % compared with the 70 % ambient value, and decreases the plume temperature by 2–6 K. These changes lead to high heterogeneous reaction rates. Plume lofting of ozone-poor air is evident during the first two days after the eruption, but ozone concentrations quickly recover because its chemical lifetime is short at 20 hPa. With such a large seawater injection, we expect that ~5 Tg Cl was lifted into the stratosphere by the HTHH eruption in the form of NaCl, but only ~0.02 % of that remained as active chlorine in the stratosphere. lightning NOx changes are not the reason for the HTHH initial in-plume O3 loss.
Utility of Geostationary Lightning Mapper Derived Lightning NOx Emission Estimates in Air Quality Modeling Studies
Authors: Cheng Peiyang , Pour-Biazar Arastoo , Wu Yuling , Kuang Shi , McNider Richard T. , Koshak William J.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Lightning is one of the primary natural sources of nitrogen monoxide (NO), and the influence of lightning-induced NO (LNO) emission on air quality has been investigated in the past few decades. In the current study an LNO emissions model, which derives LNO emission estimates from satellite-observed lightning optical energy, is introduced. The estimated LNO emission is employed in an air quality modeling system to investigate the potential influence of LNO on tropospheric ozone. Results show that lightning produces 0.174 Tg N of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) over the contiguous U.S. (CONUS) domain between June and September 2019, which accounts for 11.4 % of the total NOx emission. On average, LNOx emission increases tropospheric ozone concentration by 1–2 % (or 0.3–1.5 ppb) in the column; the enhancement is maximium at ~4 km above ground level, with a minimum near the surface. The southeast U.S. has the most significant ground-level ozone increase, with up to 1 ppb (or 2 % of the mean observed value) difference for the maximum daily 8-hour average (MDA8) ozone. However, many of these numbers are near the lower bound of the uncertainty range given in previous studies, suggesting the current LNO production rate used in the LNO emissions model may need to be adjusted. Moreover, the episodic impact of LNO on tropospheric ozone can be considerable. Performing backward trajectory analyses revealed two main reasons for the significant ozone increase: long-distance chemical transport and lightning activity in the upwind direction shortly before the event. In addition, the mixing of high LNOx (or ozone) plumes is likely another reason for ozone enhancement.
Study on a mother wavelet optimization framework based on change-point detection of hydrological time series
Authors: Li Jiqing , Huang Jing , Zheng Lei , Zheng Wei
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Hydrological time series (HTS) are the key basis of water
conservancy project planning and construction. However, under the influence
of climate change, human activities and other factors, the consistency of
HTS has been destroyed and cannot meet the requirements of mathematical
statistics. Series division and wavelet transform are effective methods to
reuse and analyse HTS. However, they are limited by the change-point
detection and mother wavelet (MWT) selection and are difficult to apply and
promote in practice. To address these issues, we constructed a potential
change-point set based on a cumulative anomaly method, the Mann–Kendall test and
wavelet change-point detection. Then, the degree of change before and after
the potential change point was calculated with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test,
and the change-point detection criteria were proposed. Finally, the
optimization framework was proposed according to the detection accuracy of
MWT, and continuous wavelet transform was used to analyse HTS evolution. We
used Pingshan station and Yichang station on the Yangtze River as study
cases. The results show that (1) change-point detection criteria can quickly
locate potential change points, determine the change trajectory and complete
the division of HTS and that (2) MWT optimal framework can select the MWT that
conforms to HTS characteristics and ensure the accuracy and uniqueness of
the transformation. This study analyses the HTS evolution and provides a
better basis for hydrological and hydraulic calculation, which will improve
design flood estimation and operation scheme preparation.
Review article: Towards strongly coupled ensemble data assimilation with additional improvements from machine learning
Authors: Kalnay Eugenia , Sluka Travis , Yoshida Takuma , Da Cheng , Mote Safa
Published: June 2023

Abstract. We assessed different coupled data assimilation
strategies with a hierarchy of coupled models, ranging from a simple coupled
Lorenz model to the state-of-the-art coupled general circulation model
CFSv2 (Climate Forecast System version 2). With the coupled Lorenz model, we assessed the analysis accuracy by
strongly coupled ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and 4D-Variational (4D-Var)
methods with varying assimilation window lengths. The analysis accuracy of
the strongly coupled EnKF with a short assimilation window is comparable to
that of 4D-Var with a long assimilation window. For 4D-Var, the
strongly coupled approach with the coupled model produces more accurate
ocean analysis than the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the
Ocean (ECCO)-like approach using the uncoupled ocean model.
Experiments with the coupled quasi-geostrophic model conclude that the
strongly coupled approach outperforms the weakly coupled and uncoupled
approaches for both the full-rank EnKF and 4D-Var, with the strongly coupled
EnKF and 4D-Var showing a similar level of accuracy higher than other
coupled data assimilation approaches such as outer-loop coupling. A
strongly coupled EnKF software framework is developed and applied to the
intermediate-complexity coupled model SPEEDY-NEMO and the state-of-the-art
operational coupled model CFSv2. Experiments assimilating synthetic or real
atmospheric observations into the ocean through strongly coupled EnKF show
that the strongly coupled approach improves the analysis of the atmosphere
and upper ocean but degrades observation fits in the deep ocean, probably
due to the unreliable error correlation estimated by a small ensemble. The
correlation-cutoff method is developed to reduce the unreliable error
correlations between physically irrelevant model states and observations.
Experiments with the coupled Lorenz model demonstrate that strongly coupled
EnKF informed by the correlation-cutoff method produces more accurate
coupled analyses than the weakly coupled and plain strongly coupled EnKF
regardless of the ensemble size. To extend the correlation-cutoff method to
operational coupled models, a neural network approach is proposed to
systematically acquire the observation localization functions for all pairs
between the model state and observation types. The following
strongly coupled EnKF experiments with an intermediate-complexity coupled
model show promising results with this method.
Diverse erosional indicators along a rapidly retreating Holocene strandplain margin, leeward Hiiumaa Island, Estonia
Authors: Buynevich Ilya V. , Tõnisson Hannes , Suursaar Ülo , Pupienis Donatas , Davydov Oleksiy V. , Kont Are , Palginõmm Valdeko , Koit Oliver , Luik Katre
Published: June 2023

A diverse suite of erosional features along the shoreline of Lehtma (Hiiumaa Island, Estonia) is used to assess their morphodynamic context and preservation potential. The Holocene strandplain along the east-facing (leeward) shoreline has experienced rapid retreat due to the anthropogenically induced sediment deficit. The study site is located just updrift of the erosional-depositional fulcrum segment, with southerly longshore transport resulting in the accumulation of eroded sand along a drift-aligned spit. The most prominent erosional indicators are mature pine trees in different stages of undercutting, toppling, fragmentation, and burial. Morphological features include scarps in paleo-beach/dune ridges (height: > 1 m), as well as modern berm scarps. Mineralogical indicators are exemplified by heavy-mineral concentrations (HMCs) of variable thickness (some > 2 cm) and concentration. Representative samples show a substantial increase in bulk low-field magnetic susceptibility ranging from < 10 µSI common to the nearby Holocene coastal lithosomes to > 8,000 µSI in second-cycle HMCs within berm enrichment zones. A conceptual morphosedimentary model describing the recent and current state of the system, as well as the preservation potential of specific structures and recognition in geological research (e.g., georadar signatures of buried trees and HMCs) is proposed. The approach presented in this study can be used to assess the distribution and preservation potential of erosional indicators along the Baltic Sea coast and mineralogically heterogeneous, forested sandy shorelines worldwide.
Are Delayed Complaints of Sexual Harassment Not Worthy of Human Rights Protection?
Authors: Poinar Sophie
Published: June 2023

Within the current legislative landscape in Ontario, survivors of sexual harassment are treated differently than survivors of sexual assault and sexual misconduct with respect to when they can advance a legal claim against their perpetrators. Under sections 16(1)(h) and 16(1)(h.1) of the Ontario Limitations Act, survivors of sexual assault and misconduct are able to file a civil claim whenever they choose to do so. Under s 34(1) of the Ontario Human Rights Code, survivors of sexual harassment must file a human rights complaint within one year of the experienced harassment. This paper argues that s 34(1) should not apply to complaints based on sexual harassment. The author provides four reasons to substantiate this argument: (1) this provision fails to align with contemporary understandings of sexual harassment; (2) it is arbitrary to apply drastically different timelines to survivors depending on the type of sexual violence they have experienced; (3) two important objectives of limitation periods will not be seriously threatened by the suggested amendment to the Human Rights Code; and (4) section 34(1) favours the interests of the harassers over those of the survivor, the public, Bill 132 and the Human Rights Code.
Factores de formación de los valores estamentales pecheros en los concejos salmantinos y abulenses (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Monsalvo Antón José María
Published: June 2023

El estamento pechero, es decir el pueblo no privilegiado, en este caso de los concejos de la cuenca meridional del Duero, sostuvo ideas y actitudes específicas en torno a la propiedad agraria, los mercados, la organización social y el régimen político concejil. Sus puntos de vista se oponían a los de sus antagonistas, esto es, los miembros de las elites urbanas caballerescas. Se analizan aquí los diferentes factores que en los siglos XIII al XV facilitaron la generación de un ideario propio: factores ligados a la estructura jurídico-política, ideas que circulaban en la época, intereses y posibilidades del mundo agrario, usos comunales, experiencias vividas y aspectos simbólicos de las relaciones intergrupales.
Ülkemizdeki Medya Araçlarının Çocuk Gelişimi ve Eğitimine Yönelik Etkilerinin Veri Analizinin ve Araştırma Bulgularının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Duran Hüseyin
Published: June 2023

As a result of the value transformation process that has developed together with modernism in today's world, it is seen that concepts such as self-centered, self-improvement and individuality have come to the fore in social structures in the twenty-first century. The media world also needs to keep up with this transformation shaped by the existential approach approach, which invites the individual who disappears in the crowds to take responsibility, in order to maintain its continuity. For the sake of continuity of broadcasting life, it is expected to follow new technologies in order to attract the audience's interest constantly and to keep this interest alive by always making a difference. Values are conveyed through the dialogue between the characters and their actions.Dec. The development of future goals and the ability to think in terms of conditions contrary to reality have very important consequences for the child. A child who can think like this can, first of all, make some plans about his own future. His opinion begins to form about which profession he will choose in the future, what kind of work he will do. Ideal measurements in his dream: he determines and compares his parents, teachers, school, society he is in, his country with these measurements. While these researches form his worldview on the one hand, on the other hand, they lead to Deceptions caused by the contradiction between the ideals in his imagination and the reality and to take a stand against his parents. These new abilities in the child's mental and affective development allow him to be more balanced and controlled. In this context, the mass media and the cinema sector, which is one of the leading media tools, perform an important educational function today. There is an informal education in almost all of the films. The size and power of the mass media are, of course, indisputable. When this power is transferred and controlled correctly, very great things can be done in the field of education. However, when it cannot be controlled, it can also lead to irreparable damages. Keywords: Media Tools, Child Development, Child Education, Data Analysis, Research Findings
Kamusal ve Özel Alanda Müslüman Kadın Kimliğinin Görünürlük Meselesi: Gerçek Hayat Dergisi (2001-2003) Üzerinden Bir İnceleme
Authors: Kaya Cansu
Published: June 2023

A distinction has been introduced into the state of coexistence in the society we live in, public and private. The public sphere, where the culture of pluralism is defined politically, is the space where individuals meet on an equal basis with others, express their ideas and act freely. The private sphere, on the other hand, is a narrower framework that is more non-political, unselected, and in which given identities persist (such as family). In Turkey, in line with different political actors and decisions, the issue of what belongs to the private and public sphere is highly controversial. Westernization, which started especially in the Ottoman Empire and became a policy of existence in the Republic, affected the visibility and non-existence of many actors in the public and private spheres. One of the actors mentioned here is the identity of women and Muslim women. Women and Muslims Women are a type of identity that demands visibility in the public sphere, but continues to be built with changing political actors. Gerçek Hayat magazine is one of the Islamist-conservative and critical publications that describes how this fiction reflects on Muslim women identity. It presented ideas on how to make a Muslim woman visible or invisible through issues such as the place of a Muslim woman wearing a hijab in public, the importance of a mother woman in raising children, and the obedience of a wife woman to her husband. Key Words: public sphere, Gerçek Hayat, identity of Muslim women, visibility.
Percepción de estudiantes y docentes de la Corporación Unificada Nacional de Educación Superior (CUN) frente a la participación política de las FARC en un posible escenario de posconflicto en Colombia
Authors: Dueñas Marcelo Nidia Janneth , Rosas Valeriano Guillermo Adolfo , Quimbay Aguilar José Patrocinio
Published: June 2023

El trabajo busca dar a conocer, a través de la opinión de docentes y estudiantes de la CUN, la postura que tienen con respecto al punto dos del documento borrador de la Habana, en el cual se daría participación política a grupos derivados de las FARC-EP luego de firmarse el acuerdo final para la paz. Para ello, basados en los textos Documento borrador para el Acuerdo Final para la Paz y Ciudadanos y Participación Política, se diseñó un cuestionario, el cual se aplicó a un grupo muestra de estudiantes de la CUN. Posteriormente, se realizaron dos programas radiales en los cuales los docentes dieron respuesta al mismo cuestionario y se trasmitieron las opiniones de los estudiantes. Como resultado, se obtuvieron la aceptación por parte de los docentes, siempre y cuando se resuelvan interrogantes tales como la aplicación de la ley de justicia entre otros. Segundo, la mirada contradictoria en los estudiantes del Programa de Administración Pública y otros programas frente a la aceptación de la participación y representación política de las FARC.
Editorial 2016A
Authors: Rodríguez Luna Sebastián
Published: June 2023

La revista Opinión Pública avanza en su proceso de desarrollo y fortalecimiento. En consecuencia, continúa la producción de números interdisciplinarios con el apoyo de una comunidad académica cada vez más diversificada. El presente número es prueba de ello, pues contiene cinco artículos que se ocupan de la educación, los negocios y la planeación del desarrollo.
Estrategias de aprendizaje en niños de transición y su influencia en los niveles de comprensión
Authors: Carrión Claudia Viviana , Rodríguez Astrid Alejandra
Published: June 2023

En el siguiente artículo se presenta un estudio acerca de las estrategias de aprendizaje y su influencia en la comprensión de niños preescolares. El objetivo es determinar por medio de la literatura infantil, a qué estrategias de aprendizaje –ya sean, visuales, auditivas o kinésicas– recurren más los estudiantes que inician su proceso de formación y cómo repercuten estas en sus niveles de comprensión. Esta investigación se aplicó en el grado de transición del jardín Teteritos, ubicado en la localidad octava, barrio Kennedy de Bogotá, Colombia. 

Este texto expone el marco teórico base de la investigación, así como el proceso metodológico y los resultados de la aplicación de diferentes pruebas propuestas a la población, compuesta por 22 niños con edades de entre cuatro y cinco años y sin problemas en su desarrollo. 

Los resultados mostraron una preferencia por las estrategias de tipo visual, seguidas por las kinésicas y finalmente un menor uso de las auditivas, debido a la metodología empleada en el jardín, que se basa en el frecuente uso de instrumentos visuales y por la etapa de desarrollo en la cual se encuentran los niños.
Factores Institucionales que inciden en la Aplicación de la Normativa Ambiental en el Establecimiento Carcelario de Buenaventura, Valle del cauca, Colombia
Authors: Moreno Murillo Greison
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo, muestra los resultados obtenidos en un trabajo de investigación desarrollado en la cárcel de Buenaventura, entidad adscrita al Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario INPEC. Dicha investigación estuvo orientada a develar los factores institucionales que inciden en la aplicación de la normativa ambiental colombiana, así como el brindar algunas herramientas teórico –prácticas para la puesta en marcha de acciones tendientes a la disyunción del impacto ambiental negativo que se genera desde el penal. A partir del análisis acucioso de postulados teóricos como los brindados por Max Weber, entre otros importantes escritores, fue posible la categorización conceptual de los principios ideales que rigen la doxa discursiva de las instituciones modernas occidentales. Dichos postulados fueron aprehensibles gracias a los estudios de éste escritor, basados sobre el manejo racional de las instituciones regidas por los principios burocráticos. Posteriormente se realizó un contraste entre la discursiva ideológica, representada en este caso, por la norma ideal, los principios gerenciales, el manejo institucional, la normativa ambiental etc., y los efectos prácticos observables en la realidad fáctica del Establecimiento, a partir de entrevistas realizadas a informantes claves y manejo de información documentada, logrando evidenciar la gran brecha existente entre el mandato normativo y la aplicación real (cumplimiento) de dichas disposiciones en el Establecimiento carcelario de Buenaventura, siendo el interés del investigador, situarse precisamente entre la situación ideal y la condición real, para, a partir de los hallazgos de la experiencia investigativa, lograr la propuesta de posibles soluciones que propendan por la reconciliación entre ambos estadios.
Redes de trabajo entre la cooperación internacional y el Comité Departamental de Ganaderos del Caquetá para el mejoramiento de la sostenibilidad de la ganadería
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Rivera Cortes Yamil Hernando , Gómez Cano Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2023

El presente escrito comparte la experiencia de la alianza estratégica entre la Agencia de Cooperación Alemana (GIZ), Parques Nacionales Naturales y el Comité Departamental de Ganaderos del Caquetá, a través del programa Chiribiquete, cuyo objetivo es frenar la deforestación. Los intereses se enfocan en proporcionar herramientas a la institucionalidad local para que puedan adelantar acciones para avanzar hacia una sostenibilidad del modelo ganadero, con menor impacto ambiental y más eficiencia en menor unidad de terreno. Así las cosas, es preciso contar la experiencia de esta red de cooperación con la intención de que esta sirva para futuras intervenciones y mejoramiento en el territorio.
Abandono de residuos sólidos por parte de los ciudadanos en lugares no adecuados. Estudio sobre la localidad de San Cristóbal en Bogotá
Authors: Triana Márquez Yesica Paola , Pregonero Hernández Natalia María
Published: June 2023

Este artículo se pregunta por el problema medioambiental del manejo de residuos sólidos por parte de los habitantes de la localidad de San Cristóbal, en Bogotá, una de las zonas con la más alta concentración de escombros de la capital. El estudio busca explicar las circunstancias que dan lugar a que existan en la localidad tantos puntos proclives al abandono de residuos sólidos, mientras analiza las normas jurídicas concernientes al asunto y algunos de los problemas de salubridad que conlleva.
Opinión Pública 2017A
Authors: Opinión Pública Revista
Published: June 2023

Con el número 8 de la revista Opinión Pública se cumplen los primeros cinco años de la publicación, tiempo en el que se han estandarizado sus procesos editoriales y especialmente se ha contribuido a la construcción de conocimiento situado y útil para Colombia. Desde esa perspectiva, el quinquenio de Opinión Pública cristaliza el esfuerzo y la dedicación de una comunidad académica que cree que el conocimiento científico debe aportar a la solución de los problemas complejos que enfrenta la sociedad hoy.
Los Gobiernos Subnacionales en la Política Exterior Latinoamericana
Authors: Pachón Muñoz William , Castro Arciniegas Henry Mauricio
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo plantea reflexiones en torno al proceso de internacionalización de la economía latinoamericana acaecido en los últimos 25 años y su correspondiente impacto al incremento de la participación de los gobiernos subnacionales en el escenario internacional, el cual ha impactado las prácticas de las relaciones internacionales entre los Estados latinoamericanos, cimentadas cada vez más desde el enfoque de la interdependencia compleja. Si bien éste no ha sido lo suficientemente cohesionado para profundizar la institucionalización de formas de gobierno democrático, la promoción del desarrollo con rostro hu- mano y sistemas de justicia social que garanticen mayores niveles de gobernanza territorial; la presencia de los gobiernos subnacionales latinoamericanos ha generado cuestionamientos al centralismo estatal, considerándolo como el obstáculo estructural que frena las relaciones interregionales transfronterizas en el concierto internacional. En ese orden de ideas, se plantea la necesidad de un orden constitucional estatal descentralizado, el cual garantice las competencias y los instrumentos políticos y administrativos necesarios para consolidar procesos de integración regional efectivos.
Estufas Ecoeficientes y bosques leñeros, un reto para el desarrollo sustentable ambiental en Colombia
Authors: González Diana Carolina
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo presenta reflexiones en relación con la implementación del Programa Nacional de estufas eficientes para cocción con leña del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible haciendo énfasis en el bajo impacto, cobertura y alcances del mismo en relación con la cantidad de familias involucradas en el uso de esta tecnología para la preparación de alimentos; se esbozan las políticas que conformarían el marco de requisitos y determinantes que alimentan los lineamientos ofrecidos para crear un plan nacional de estufas limpias; igualmente aborda el tema de la falta de estudios de eficiencia de los 15 prototipos de estufas implementadas en Colombia y las consecuencias que esto puede tener para el desarrollo sustentable ambiental del país.
How Common is Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients Presenting with Acute Stroke and Fed by Using Nasogastric Tube?
Authors: Imtiaz Ali  , Muhammad Bilal  , Adeela Masood  , Yaseen Khan
Published: June 2023

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of fatalities and years lost due to incapacity. Due to the possibility of pneumonia developing, aspiration has long been recognized as a substantial cause of morbidity after a stroke. Objective: To determine the frequency of aspiration pneumonia in nasogastric-tube fed stroke patients.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Medicine, Lady reading hospital, Peshawar from 01-12-2020 to 30-05-2021.A total of 230 patients presenting with stroke and subjected to NG tube for enteral nutrition were included in the study in a consecutive manner and checked for aspiration pneumoniaResults: The mean age of the patients was 58.7 + 9.1 years. 64.3% were males and 35.7% females. The mean duration of symptoms at presentation was 35.6 + 7.6 hours. On CT brain, 56.2% patients had ischemic stroke and 43.9% had hemorrhagic stroke. Aspiration pneumonia was recorded in 20.4%.Conclusion: Aspiration pneumonia is fairly common in our stroke patients who are on NG tube for enteral nutrition.Keywords: Acute hemorrhagic stroke, Aspiration pneumonia, Hemorrhagic stroke, Ischemic stroke, Nasogastric tube.
Preference of Electrotherapy versus Exercise Therapy in Physiotherapists: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: P Patel Neha , Dileepan Dhanya
Published: June 2023

Aims: To find the preference of electrotherapy and exercise therapy in clinical physiotherapists for treatments of the patients.
Method: 90 physiotherapists, selected by convenience sampling. Physiotherapists who have completed BPT and MPT course and practising in clinics and hospitals, participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants filled a Google self-designed, close-ended questionnaire of 11 items which was circulated via WhatsApp in different physiotherapist groups. Descriptive analysis was done using Microsoft excel.
Results: 68% of physiotherapists use electro therapy + exercise therapy, 26% of physiotherapists use exercise therapy for treatments of patients. 38% of physiotherapists use electrotherapy in new case during initial days whereas 15% uses exercise therapy. 77% of physiotherapists uses exercise therapy for long-term effects. 66% prefer that electrotherapy have short-term effects whereas 73% of Physiotherapists prefer that exercise therapy have long-term effects.
Conclusion: Physiotherapists have a perception of use of both electrotherapy modalities as well as exercise therapy in reducing their pain; electrotherapy having immediate effect and exercise therapy having sustained effect.

Keywords: Electrotherapy, Exercise therapy, Physiotherapy
Assessment of Empathic Ability and Factors Affecting Empathetic Behavior Regarding Care of Patients with Mental Illness Among Staff Nurses Working in the Selected Government Psychiatric Hospitals, Kolkata
Authors: Khatun Yearunnesha
Published: June 2023

A descriptive study was carried out to assess the empathic ability and factors affecting empathetic behavior regarding care of patients with mental illness among staff nurses working in the selected Government psychiatric hospitals, Kolkata. Health Belief Model of Rosenstoch and Becker (1975) were adopted as a conceptual framework. 96 staff nurses were selected by convenience sampling from Pavlov Mental Hospital, Kolakata-46 and Lumbini Park Mental Hospital, Kolkata-39. Paper/pencil test was used for data collection. The study findings based on descriptive and inferential statistical revealed that male staff nurses had high empathic ability than female staff nurses (M = 20%, F = 16%) and factors affecting empathetic behavior revealed that 53% had high level emotional exhaustion, 53 % had high level of depersonalization and 4% high level personal accomplishment. Calculated ‘r’ for empathic ability with depersonalization is 0.232 and the related ‘t’ values of is 2.29 at df (95); which is significantly associated. There were significant associations between level of empathic ability and type of family (10.8527) and number of family members (14.2415) at df (1)/<0.05 level. Recommendations for future studies are large sample size, replicated with professional and paramedical staff, on specific age groups of student nurses and staff nurses, in different settings.

Keywords: Empathic ability and Factors affecting empathic behavior
Challenges in Diagnosing Infective Endocarditis:
A Case Report
Authors: Aristia Dewi Ni Kadek , Erna Bagiari Ketut
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection that affects the endocardial surface of the heart. Enforcing the diagnosis of IE is quite easy, but in some cases, it is sometimes very difficult to suspect the patient is experiencing an IE if the symptoms displayed are atypical or non-specific, so that the diagnosis and treatment are too late
Case illustrations: A 51-year-old man was first referred from a Type C Hospital to the Emergency Room of Type B Hospital with diagnosis of congestive hepatopathy, transaminitis, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia related retention, suspected hypoalbuminemia due to chronic inflammation and hepatopathy, mild normochromic normocytic anemia due to chronic disease, pneumonia, sepsis, AKI (acute kidney injury) with differential diagnose ACKD (acute on chronic kidney disease) because suspect of prerenal suspicion that had been improving. Infective Endocarditis (IE) was diagnosed with modified Duke criteria, in which this patient found vegetation on the aortic valve 1.70 cmx0.66 cm. Treatment for patients was given empirical antibiotics (ampicillin 3 grams every 6 hours by intravenous/IV and gentamicin 180 mg every 24 hours by intravenous/IV) while waiting for blood culture results and the patient was referred to the Central General Hospital/Type A Hospital for further treatment.
Conclusion: Infective Endocarditis is still a challenge in the field of medicine with its low incidence. In this case report, the patient experienced a clinical spectrum that was less specific for IE, causing difficulties in early diagnosis and management

Keywords: Infective Endocarditis, Modified Duke Criteria, Aortic valve
Neurofibromatosis 2: A Case Report
Authors: Mehra Richa , Sachdeva Varun
Published: June 2023

Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is caused by inactivating alterations in the NF2 gene on chromosome 22q12.2. The 100-kb NF2 gene is encoded by 17 exons. Patients with NF2 may present with distinctive “plaque-like” cutaneous schwannomas, ophthalmologic findings, or neurologic deficits such as hearing loss or peripheral neuropathies which may prompt further radiologic or genetic evaluation. Café au lait spots may be present in up to 50% of patients but they are typically fewer in number and not associated with freckling as in NF1. This is a case report of a 20 year old female who presented to us with left parapharyngeal schwannoma along with bilateral vestibular schwannoma.

Keywords: NF 2- Neurofibromatosis 2, VS- Vestibular Schwannoma, CECT-Contrast enhanced computed tomography, MRI-Magnetic resonance imaging
Fear Among Cataract Patients Undergoing Surgery and Nurses’ Role
Authors: Ralte Kimberly , Paul Neethu , Mathew Bindhu
Published: June 2023

Aims: This article aimed to review the fear experienced by cataract patients.
Background: Cataracts are the primary cause of blindness and significantly decrease quality of life. Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure worldwide, which is done under local anaesthesia.
Methods: We included studies from various credible scientific databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar.
Results: Fear experienced by cataract patients was at its peak during the pre-operative period. Their experience during the surgery contributed to the fear in a few of the patients as it is performed under local anaesthesia. Postoperatively, their fear subsided and various interventions, such as handholding and massages, can decrease the anxiety or fear that they experienced.
Conclusion: Patients undergoing cataract surgery experience fear of blindness, anxiety and nervousness about the surgery, and misconceptions can also contribute to the fear. They require adequate counselling and specific interventions to improve their overall experience of the surgery.

Keywords:Fear, anxiety, cataract surgery, phacoemulsification, local anaesthesia, retrobulbar anaesthesia, nursing interventions
Análise da produção de metabólicos secundários por fungos endofíticos da Aloe Vera.
Authors:   , Itagino Lopes Theodoro Paulo
Published: June 2023

Tendo em vista a necessidade da indústria farmacêutica de novas substâncias que possam dar origem a novos fármacos, visando que sejam mais eficazes que os atuais e possuam a facilidade na reprodutibilidade de resultados, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a produção de metabólitos secundários de fungos endofíticos, provenientes da Aloe vera. Os fungos endofíticos habitam os tecidos internos de espécies vegetais e apresentam grande interação com o hospedeiro, tal interação pode lhes conferir a capacidade de produzir as mesmas substâncias químicas caraterizadas originalmente da planta hospedeira o que se torna benéfico para indústria farmacêutica por já possuir técnicas bem consolidadas de produção em larga escala de substâncias oriundas de fungos. A escolha da espécie vegetal Aloe vera se justifica pela sua indicação etnobotânica que evidencia suas propriedades calmantes, hidratantes, curativas na pele, anticancerígenas, dentre outras. As partes vegetais foram coletadas no viveiro do campus do Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Semiárido. Posteriormente foram isolados os fungos endofíticos em meio Batata-Dextrose-Ágar, contendo Azitromicina. Os fungos foram cultivados para produção de conídios e, em seguida, foram recultivados em meio de aveia, induzindo a produção de metabólitos secundários. Por sua vez os diferentes extratos obtidos foram analisados utilizando tecnologia de Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Eficiência, utilizando coluna de Fase Reversa (CLAE-FR), resultando em 94,28% dos 35 metabólitos secundários encontrados possuem estrutura molecular hidrofóbica que segundo a literatura possuem grande potencial antifúngico e antiparasitário, dando respaldo para conclusões positivas para possível obtenção de substâncias com potencial para origem de novos fármacos.
Aplicação do ciclo PDCA como método de otimização de processos: um caso de uma indústria de sabão.
Authors:   , Ohana da Silva Sales Rylla
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar a metodologia do ciclo PDCA em uma indústria de sabão para melhoria dos seus processos. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios e possibilitaram o aumento da eficiência do setor de extrusão da empresa em questão. Os benefícios desta aplicação representaram um acréscimo de 10,45% na eficiência da operação, além disso desenvolveu-se procedimentos operacionais padrão, relatórios e fichas técnicas para um melhor controle da produção.