bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Characterization and XPS Study of ZnGa2O4 Thin Films for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhong Zhi You , Yang C.Y. , Gu J.H.
Published: December 2011

Transparent conductive ZnGa2O4thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The chemical state of O, Zn and Ga in the deposited films was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the optical properties were characterized by optical transmittance spectra. The XPS studies reveal that no metallic Zn and Ga were detected in the ZnGa2O4thin films, and Zn and Ga exist only in oxidized state. The optical bandgap was calculated by Tauc's theory and the optical constants were determined using Swanepoel's method. Furthermore, the dispersion behavior of the refractive index was studied by means of single-oscillator model, and the physical parameters and the refractive index dispersion parameter were obtained. The results provide some useful references for the potential application of the ZnGa2O4thin films in optoelectronic devices.
Hydraulic Control Unit Modeling of Electronic Stability Program Based on AMESim
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Wen Ying , Ding Hai Tao
Published: December 2011

Hydraulic Control Unit(HCU) is the actuator for braking force distribution of Electronic Stability Program(ESP), the modeling and simulation of HCU have significant impact for ESP control logic research. According to the research on scheme of HCU hydraulic system, HCU model is establishes based on AMESim, and calibrates the property parameters of hydraulic component. A test platform for ESP system research is built. By comparison of results between test and simulation, the HCU model can well describe the property of HCU of test car environment, provide accurate actuator model for ESP development simulation and ESP pressure estimation algorithm.
Dynamic Simulation of Crank-Connecting Rod-Piston Mechanism of Internal Combustion Engine Based on Virtual Prototype Technology
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ming , Wang Yu Qing , Fang Jie
Published: December 2011

A virtual prototype model of S195 diesel engine was established by using CAD, finite element analysis based on virtual prototype technology and dynamics theory of flexible multibody systems to study the kinetic discipline of the crank-rod mechanism,vibration of cylinder block caused by inertia force and the balance problem of inertia force.The rigid body and flexible body simulation were compared.The interaction force between components could be determined by flexible multibody dynamics analysis of the crankshaft system under the real working condition. The simulation results are accordant with those in true working state of S195 diesel engine. This research provides a feasible advanced method for design and development of diesel engine.
Design and Analysis on Stiffeners of Coal Mine Rescue Capsules
Authors: Lu Jian Feng , Jin Liang Liang , Yang Xu Dong , Sun Dong
Published: December 2011

Coal mine rescue capsules, whose structural strength defines miners' safety directly, are becoming important equipments for miners' underground surviving. In order to improve the rescue capsule's strength, in this study two different kinds of stiffeners were put forward. The advantages and disadvantages of their performances were analyzed and compared using mechanical theory and the theoretical analysis was simulated and verified by using finite element software ABAQUS. The maximum deformation using two different kinds of stiffeners were 1.385mm and 2.26mm. Considering the size of deformation combined with practical factors, such as installation space and ease of processing etc., T-shaped stiffeners were finally adopted. Introduction
Research on Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor with a Special Pole Shape Based on Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Xu Dong , Cao Kai , Zhu Jun , Feng Hai Chao , Xu Xiao Zhuo , Guo Li Li
Published: December 2011

In this paper, a model of unit motor (16p15s) which is used for vertical elevator has been set up. And a modification of the primary geometry has been presented. In the new geometry, pole shoes are affixed to the primary poles. The finite element analysis (FEA) of various width of pole and different width of pole shoe have been carried out in this paper. The results show that the force profile of the proposed PMLSM has been improved. The minimum force ripple occurs in a suitable width of the pole shoes. And the back EMF constant is analyzed, too.
Influence of Zirconia Content and Grain Size on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Zirconia Toughened Alumina Ceramics
Authors: Du Bao Yu , Zhao Bo , Duan Tie Lin
Published: December 2011

Physical and mechanical properties as well as microstructure of zirconia toughened alumina ceramics with different zirconia content were tested. The results show that the best physical and mechanical properties are obtained in sub-micron composite ceramic when zirconia content is 25%; while the physical and mechanical properties of nano-zirconia toughened alumina ceramics are far better than those of sub-micron zirconia toughened alumina ceramics. Therefore physical and mechanical properties of ceramics can be improved significantly by adding proper amount of zirconia into alumina matrix and refining zirconia particles.
Research on Synchronous Control for Dual-Cylinder System with Unbalanced Loading
Authors: Mao Zheng Yu , Yuan Jun , Liu Zhong Jian
Published: December 2011

To aimed at the synchronous control for dual-cylinder with unbalanced and uncertainty loading, this paper proposes a hybrid control method that consists of feed-forward control and fuzzy feedback control. In the first, a feed-forward controller of each cylinder based on trajectory restrains is developed to limit the motion and synchronous error to a certain extent, and also smooth the piston motion. Then, two fuzzy controllers are specified to improve the tracking performance of cylinder and compensate the synchronous error. The simulation experimental results show that the proposed hybrid control strategy can control the maximum synchronous error of the total system to be within ±10mm under the consideration of large load imbalance, and has the system motion of a good smoothness.
Experimental of New Thermal Storage in a Desalination System
Authors: Xu Shu , Ling Xiang , Peng Hao
Published: December 2011

An analysis of a desalination process with new thermal storage utilizing solar energy is presented in this paper. An experiment for performance test of low temperature plate-fin thermal storage is developed, the performance of the thermal storage and release of thermal storage is investigated in detail.
Prospect of Particle Detection Technology Based on Digital Image Processing
Authors: Ye Zi , Jiang Xiao Ping , Wang Zhen Chong , Xiao Wei
Published: December 2011

Digital image technology is the most effective and important way to communicate and acquire information. Image can be used as a mean or carrier of detecting and transmitting information. The accession of image processing technology solves many defects such as time-consuming, complex operation, low precision which existed in manual statistics and analysis on particles. The basic physical properties of particles include pore, shape, size and other parameters. Computer can be used for a variety of image processing, both to speed up the analysis processing and highlight the information people need at the present.
Hardware Design of Online Monitoring System for Power Transformer Malfunction
Authors: Zhang Zhan , Gao Cai Xia
Published: December 2011

Power transformers are vital equipments in the grid and their reliability can affect the security of the grid directly. So it is always necessary to monitor the power transformers online. The study designed a multi-parameter online monitoring system for power transformer malfunction utilizing DSP and computer technology. The paper mainly introduced the design and component selection of online monitoring circuit for partial discharge, dielectric loss, gas component in oil and iron core's grounding current. The result showed that this system can diagnose most the malfunctions in power transformers with satisfactory property.
Study on Control Technology for Vehicle Active Suspension
Authors: Fan Xiao Bin , Fan Bing Xu , Wang Hui Gang
Published: December 2011

An active suspension system has been proposed to improve the ride comfort. A quarter-car 2 degree-of-freedom system is designed and constructed on the basis of the concept of a four-wheel independent suspension. The aim of the work described in the paper was to illustrate the application of fuzzy Proportional Integration Derivative (PID) technique and Linear Quadratic Guass (LQG) control to the active suspension control system. The paper describes also the model and controller used in the study and discusses the vehicle response results obtained from a range of road input simulations. This work describes some comparison of active suspension fuzzy PID control and LQG control design method by MATLAB simulations. Simulation results show that the LQG controller achieved better performances in all carried-out investigations.
Fractal Dependence Graph in 2D Shapes Recognition
Authors: Wang Xiao Jun , Qin Jian
Published: December 2011

Fractal geometry is an useful approach in pattern recognition. Many fractal recognition methods use global analysis of the shape. In this paper we present a new fractal recognition method based on a dependence graph obtained from the PIFS. Moreover, this method uses local analysis of the shape which improves the recognition rate. The recognition algorithms have been tested to provide a feasible classification of the possible errors present in our similar object images datebase.
Design of a System for Avoiding Over Tripping in Coal Mine Based on CAN Communication
Authors: Zhang Chang Sen , Liu Kun
Published: December 2011

This paper presents a solution and design for avoiding over tripping in cases that short circuit happens underground coal mine. A method of multi-machine communication based on CAN bus is given to obtain selective short-circuit protecting. The design proposed in this paper can be easily realized and reach for demand in real application.
A Method to Optimize the TD-SCDMA Frequency Based on the Frequency Sweep and Propagation Model
Authors: Liu Chuan
Published: December 2011

The paper provides a method to optimize the TD-SCDMA frequency based on the frequency-sweep and propagation model. The method overcomes the difficulty of obtaining the data of TD-SCDMA mobile measurement report and solves the problems of frequency optimization having poor effects in the path and low searching efficiency of the frequency optimization solution.
Analysis of the Stability of Current Mode PWM DC/DC Converter
Authors: Jia Xiao Qiang
Published: December 2011

To address the poor Stability of current mode PWM DC / DC converter when duty cycle [5] is greater than 50%, by analyzing the converter, the design.of appropriate slope compensation circuit is given. And by Comparing the experimental waveform through simulation, it can effectively solve the converter poor stability and interference.of noise, if the slope compensation is appropriate.
Study on RFID Technology and Anti-Collision of Personnel Orientation in Coal Mine
Authors: Pang Xiao Peng , Zhang Chang Sen
Published: December 2011

The RFID technology of personnel orientation in coal mine is introduced in this article. Combined with special circumstances and special coal mine safety regulations, the unavoidable collision problem in RFID is also analyzed detailedly. It points out the deficiencies of the general anti-collision algorithm. Then it brings forward an improved anti-collision algorithm, which is significative for enhancing performance of personnel orientation system in coal mine.
Metadata Indexing Sub-System for Distributed File System
Authors: Niu De Jiao , Cai Tao , Zhan Yong Zhao , Ju Shi Guang
Published: December 2011

The efficiency of metadata indexing is important to the performance of distributed file system. Time and space spending of current metadata management algorithms are unstable. In this paper, we use B-tree to index the metadata of distributed file system. Lustre is an open source distributed file system in which Hash function is used to manage the metadata. We implement the prototype of metadata indexing sub-system on Lustre and use Iozone to test the I/O performance of Lustre with and without the metadata indexing sub-system respectively. The simulation results show that Lustre with the metadata indexing sub-system has higher adaptability than Lustre with Hash-based metadata management algorithm.
Application of Line-up Competition Algorithm with Variable Weight for Tree Pipe Network Layout Optimization
Authors: Fu Yu Juan , Zhang Yu Long , Cai Huan Jie , He Jun Shi , Kang Yin Hong
Published: December 2011

As a problem of network flows, pipe network layout optimization is a combinatorial problem with variable weight. This paper takes flow variation by different layout scheme into account to the pipeline optimization and obtains the irrigation pipe network layout optimization with variable weight. Line-up competition algorithm (LCA) is introduced to optimize the tree pipe network layout. The corresponding fitness function, encoded mode and mutation are designed on the basis of the characteristic of tree graph expressed by adjacency matrix. It is testified by case study that LCA can obtain the optimal result, and is better in search efficiency and much stable compared with other algorithms.
The Application of Internet of Things Technologies on the Status Management of the Equipment under the Coal Mine
Authors: Zhao Wen Tao , Dong Jun
Published: December 2011

The development situation and the use of Internet of Things is presented, also the use of Internet of Things in the coal industry is introduced. Then a system on status managements of the equipment under the coal mine has been designed in Visual Studio 2008.Mine communications link is designed by utilizing the combination of the transmission on mine wired network and Wi-Fi wireless network technology. Effectively monitoring the variety of devices in the control center on the ground and timely exchanging the information of the equipments' working and status information with the remote customer and manufacturers have a certain meaning to ensure the safety of the coal mine.
Passive Magnetic Bearing Design for a Small Wind Generator System
Authors: Fan Yi Hua , Lee Ying Tsun , Wang Chung Chun , Liao Yi Lin
Published: December 2011

A passive magnetic thrust bearing for a small vertical wind generator system is considered in this paper. The passive magnetic bearing is designed to reduce the axial load of the rotor system. The load capacity of the passive magnetic bearing is analyzed by finite element analysis software. From the simulation results, a suitable solution for the passive magnets of the test wind generator system is verified to be 225.6N with about a 2mm air gap. The experiment results show that a wind generator system with the additional passive magnetic bearing can start at a lower wind speed and transfers more power to the generator. The proposed hybrid bearing system can increase efficiency by 20%~50%, as compared with a traditional system supported by roller bearings at the same wind speed.
The Characteristics of High-Temperature Synthesized YAG:Ce Nano-Phosphors
Authors: Lu Hao Ying , Yang Hua Wei
Published: December 2011

In the last decade, nanosized phosphors had attracted a lot of interest, no matter in light emitting layers or thermal remove materials. Many methods had been investigated to synthesize nanosized phosphors, but they usually need expensive cost and complicated procedures, furthermore they resulted in the difficulties in mass production. In our work, chemical co-precipitation was applied to prepare YAG:Ce precursor. Then, the mixed precipitation was heated to 900°C with air in the furnace. After 1 hour, the synthesis was completed. From TEM images, the average particle size is about 40 nm and all XRD diffraction peaks of phosphor powders were consistent to JCPDS data of YAG. Photoluminescence spectra show the nanosized YAG:Ce phosphor synthesized at 1000°C possessed the strongest photoluminescence intensity at wavelength 540 nm. From photoluminescence excitation spectra, the strongest absorption peak was observed at wavelength 460 nm in all samples. At synthesis temperature 1000°C, YAG with 0.5% Ce3+ was observed to emit the strongest yellow light. It is believed our synthesis can provide an easy and low-cost choice to synthesize YAG:Ce nanophosphors at high temperature.
Experimental Study on Continuous Gasification Characteristics and Mechanism of Pine with Air/Steam
Authors: Ran Jing Yu , Li Chai Zuo , Zhang Li
Published: December 2011

Biomass gasification is influenced by many factors, such as temperature, air equivalent ratio, steam/carbon mole ratio, etc. Mostly, these factors are affected each other during the gasification process. It is needed to study the gasification characteristics and the action mechanism of each factor. Firstly, a moving gasification bed is adopted to investigate the biomass gasification characteristics and mechanism in this paper. The pine sample is evenly distributed in a long tray and be sent into the furnace at a certain speed. At the same time, with a furnace temperature, linearly increasing from the entrance to the center of the furnace, the pine sample can be gradually heated up. Based on these, the experimental studies of pine gasification on different ER (air equivalent ratio), S/C (steam /carbon mole ratio) and the temperature T are carried through in this paper. The gas production rule and low calorific value of the syngas have been gotten with heating rate 25°C/min. At last, this paper gets the kinetic parameters of air gasification with different ER. Keywords: Continuous Gasification, Characteristics and mechanism, Pine, Experimental
Enhanced Coupled Field Modeling of PZT Cantilever Bimorph Energy Harvester
Authors: Zhang Long , Williams Keith A. , Xie Zheng Chao
Published: December 2011

As consumer electronics continue to develop in size and scope, the battery power source with the limited life span poses an increasing economic challenge. This growing problem has motivated the development of the energy harvesters that can scavenge the ambient environment energy and convert it into the electrical energy for use of the wireless sensor nodes and the portable electronics. With the coupled field characteristics of structure to electricity, piezoelectric energy harvesters are under consideration as a means for converting the mechanical energy to the electrical energy, with the goal of realizing completely self-powered sensor systems. In this paper, the development of an enhanced coupled field model for the PCB energy harvester based on a previous model in the literature using a conservation of energy method is presented. Further, the laboratory experiments are carried out to evaluate the enhanced coupled field model and the other two previous models in the literatures. The comparison results show that the enhanced coupled field model can better predict the open-circuit of the PCB energy harvester with a proof mass bonded at the free end of the structure in order to increase the energy harvesting level of the system.
Predicting Failure Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Cyclic Loading
Authors: Lin Chia Hung , Loh Chin Hsiung
Published: December 2011

A procedure derived from truss model was established to predict rapidly the failure mode of a reinforced concrete column in the design stage. Failure mode of an RC column can be classified as either shear or flexural failure. In general, an RC column can be assumed to be a beam-column member subjected to combined axial, flexural, and shear forces. It is difficulty to predict its overall failure behavior without a priori knowledge. Thus in this paper, the shear capacity is isolated independently from the complex behavior of a column based on the concept of well known truss model. The shear capacity can be viewed as the contribution of diagonal truss of a truss model while the longitudinal truss modeled the combined axial-flexural behavior. The obtained shear capacity using the proposed method can be compared with flexural capacity obtained from pushover analysis to predict whether shear failure or flexural failure will occur during cyclic test of an RC column. Five cyclic test results were compared to the predicted analytical results. All five failure modes are successfully predicted using the proposed procedure.
A Graph Optimization Algorithm for Warehouses with Middle Cross Aisles
Authors: Jang Ho Young , Sun Ji Ung
Published: December 2011

This paper considers picker routing problem where the picking area consists of vertical and middle cross aisles, and has picking locations at some cross aisles. A graph optimization algorithm is developed to minimize total traveling distance for the unique layout. Because the dynamic programming-based graph optimization algorithm is very sensitive to the layout, it is not directly applicable to our aisle structure where has openings also in some cross aisles. Representing the rectangular picking layout as a graph of edges and vertices, the algorithm enumerates all picking tours by the principle of dynamic programming. We investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm through a practical case study in consumer packaged goods industry. For the given set of orders, the algorithm significantly reduces total distances than the current method. Its computing times are no longer than a second in spite of its apparent complexity.
Evaluation the Feasibility of Zero-Carbon Green Building in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Yu Sheng , Cheng Yuan Liang , Ou Wen Sheng , Liao Chi Chang
Published: December 2011

In order to accommodate the global climate change, the idea of constructing zero-carbon green buildings has become the main stream and highest standard in building design in many countries. Located in subtropical zone, Taiwan features hot and humid weather in summer. The high usage of air conditioning is the main challenge to design zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. However, the temperature in the middle and high mountain areas decreases as altitude increases and makes it possible to create a living environment without using air conditioning in the summer. This project analyzed weather data in the middle and high mountain areas of Taiwan. The degree hour method and weather research and forecast model were used to evaluate the demand of air conditioning in the summer based on outside air temperature. The results showed that the low air conditioning load areas are above 1000 m elevation. This project then simulated energy consumption of a two-floor building near the Sun Moon Lake, an area of low air conditioning load, to explore the feasibility of zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. Based on the life style of a four-member family, a simulation process was conducted to estimate energy consumption of various appliances and different life habits. This study showed that the energy consumption in the buildings can be reduced up to 70% by using three major design strategies. These strategies include selection of a low air conditioning load location, using high energy efficient appliances, and application of energy conserving habits. Followed by renewable energy evaluation, it is possible to put zero-carbon green building into practice in Taiwan.
Analysis of IT Systems Utilized in the R&D for NPD
Authors: Choi Nyeon Sik , Choi Gyung Hyun
Published: December 2011

Many studies have shown that IT utilization has brought about many outcomes but there are not enough approaches dealing about what kind of IT systems and how much are needed. There are no analysis reports discussed about what kinds of IT systems exist in the field of R&D and how they were utilized. This paper analyzes the current state and function of IT systems utilized in the R&D processes and proceeds in survey of the application of IT systems in each R&D process. A guide model for R&D innovation is presented through the re-interpretation of the survey results from a view of R&D managerial aspect. And we propose a guideline to rebuild system architecture for R&D functions.
An Intelligent Personas System for Determining LED Lighting Design Requirements
Authors: Tseng Kevin C. , Chung Chi Wei
Published: December 2011

The intent of this paper is to illustrate a personas system effective design to aid development of new products. This system would help a design team find and understand the lifestyle of target customers by using personas method in early concept development stage. In order to quickly realize market trends, easily collect customer requirements and readily integrate user opinions, the proposed system is capable of helping experts in different domains concurrently share their ideas in real time and discuss with each other without geographic limitation. In addition, a novel approach is proposed, named as ‘Personas Matrix’, to quantify the requirements which can accelerate the assessment of true needs. Finally, in order to validate the proposed system, a LED (Light-Emitting Diode) project was applied to test the functionality of the approach and the usefulness of the system thus helping the design team refine requirements, simplify requirement gathering, and prompt the assessment.
Digital Storytelling Book Generator with MIDI-to-Singing
Authors: Shen Hung Che , Lee Chung Nan
Published: December 2011

Creating a digital storytelling book is an important knowledge source for the blinds, but it usually takes a lot of time and efforts. In order to read the books from electronic contents, automatic procedures could be incorporated into a speech synthesis system. In this paper, we give a practical description using a free software Text-to-speech (TTS) program with a MIDI-to-Singing toolkit as a digital storytelling book generator. In this case, a certain amount of emotional TTS customization can be derived by using time-pitch manipulation of the synthesized acoustic waveform. MIDI-to-Singing voices can be generated automatically with special emphasis on lyrical or storytelling-styled contents that are usually discouraged by uninteresting natures of voices synthesized from traditional Text-to-speech (TTS) programs. Rule-based approaches rely on rules that describe the behavior of the pitch frequency along time to generate time-pitch values. Pitch values fluctuate within a certain range depending on the intended emotion. This MIDI-to-Singing voice synthesis relies on mapping the pitch frequency values to the 12 semi-tonal melodic scales and extracting semi-tonic intervals for each emotional state. In the current version of the system, a user can style the synthesized voice by selecting either male or female standard voice in combination with one of the predefined 12 expressive styles: Neutral, Monotonic, Lowly-pitched, Highly-pitched, Rising-pitched, Falling-pitched, Happy, Sad, Fear, Anger, Randomly-pitched, and Melody-aligning (singing) styles using a small set of musical notes. A subjective test shows that synthetic conversations based on MIDI-to-Singing with customized styles are more preferable, natural, intelligible and enjoyable than the traditional ones. Finally, the result of digital talking recordings can be heard on the web-site for the comparisons between human speech and MIDI-to-Singing synthesized speech.
Research on Vague Evaluation Based on Loader Cab Man-Machine Inferface
Authors: Lu Jian Tao , Zhu Yan Hui
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the application of fuzzy mathematics theory to the loader cab man-machine interface analysis and evaluation, preliminary built the interface multi level comprehensive evaluation model, using alternative score set membership function, through the evaluation model of certain type of loader cab man-machine interface for comprehensive evaluation, conducive to the realization of the loader driving human-machine interface optimal design target.
Research on Method of Rule and Structure-Based Product Configuration Design
Authors: Ge Jiang Hua , Qi Jing Rui , Wang Ya Ping , Sun He
Published: December 2011

Considering the problem of weak relational expression between the components and parts leads to low configuration efficiency, which is based on structure product configuration, this paper proposes a combination of the rule and structure method. In the modeling process, this paper uses structure-based configuration method to describe structural information and rule-based configuration method to describe the restrained relation of components and parts, and enhances the constraint of the parts. In the solving process, this paper uses two-stage sequential searching method to search, and improves the ability of solution. Finally, this paper takes reducer as an example to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Recognizing Check Magnetic Code Based on Peak-Valley Code and Distance
Authors: Fan Di , Li Jia , Cao Mao Yong , Sun Nong Liang , Yu Hong
Published: December 2011

The check is a popular form for the non-cash payment and accounts for more than 50% of the non-cash transactions. Magnetic ink character recognition system can recognize the check magnetic code automatically and get the information of the bank and account. In magnetic ink character recognition system, the recognizing algorithm is mostly based on correlation coefficient. The computational cost of this algorithm is very high. This paper has proposed a new algorithm based on the peak-valley code and peak-valley distance after analyzing the characteristics of magnetic code signals in E-13B standards to simplify the calculations and system design. Firstly, the magnetic code signal is normalized and separated into magnetic character signals by the thresholds of peak and valley. Secondly, the features of the peak-valley code and peak-valley distance of each magnetic character signal are extracted, then the recognition based on peak-valley code and the nearest neighbor recognition algorithm based on peak-valley distance are utilized to recognize the magnetic code. The recognition results and statistical parameters from a large number of experiments show that the new method has high recognition rate, good robustness and low computational cost.
A Counter-Based DPWM Device with Resolution Extension
Authors: Chen Hsin Chuan
Published: December 2011

Counter-based Digital PWM (DPWM), the simplest DPWM device, can be easily implemented only by a counter and a comparator; however, the resolution of the counter-based DPWM is directly proportional to its input reference clock, and thus the higher clock frequency is required, which means higher dynamic power consumption and noise interference may be incurred. In this paper, without increasing the reference clock frequency, a new design approach using capacitor integration is proposed to extend the resolution of the counter-based DPWM, and it also can reduce the hardware complexity compared with the delay-line DPWM.
Interactive Remote Control System for Three Dimensional Displays
Authors: Fan Yu Cheng , Fan Chang Wei , Ting Wei Chun , Lee Guan Fu
Published: December 2011

In this paper, we propose an interactive remote control system using image processing technique for three dimensional displays. In order to control three dimensional displays, we present an algorithm based on gestures recognition. Then we adopt cell-based design flow and 0.18μm TSMC single poly and six metals processing to perform the system chip. Besides, the SMIMS FPGA development board is used to achieve the system. The results prove the performance reaching the well quality of interactive remote control system for three dimensional displays.
Application of TRACE and CFD in the Spent Fuel Pool of Chinshan Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Wang Jong Rong , Lin Hao Tzu , Tseng Yung Shin , Shih Chun Kuan
Published: December 2011

In the nuclear power plant (NPP) safety, the safety analysis of the NPP is very important work. In Fukushima NPP event, due to the earthquake, the cooling system of the spent fuel pool failed and the safety issue of the spent fuel pool generated. After Fukushima NPP event, INER (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, R.O.C.) performed the safety analysis of the spent fuel pool for Chinshan NPP which also assumed the cooling system of the spent fuel pool failed. The geometry of the Chinshan NPP spent fuel pool is 12.17 m × 7.87 m × 11.61 m and the initial condition is 60 ¢J / 1.013 × 105 Pa. In general, the NPP safety analysis is performed by the thermal hydraulic codes. The advanced thermal hydraulic code named TRACE for the NPP safety analysis is developing by U.S. NRC. Therefore, the safety analysis of the spent fuel pool for Chinshan NPP is performed by TRACE. Besides, this safety analysis is also performed by CFD. The analysis result of TRACE and CFD are similar. The results show that the uncovered of the fuels occur in 2.7 days and the metal-water reaction of the fuels occur in 3.5 days after the cooling system failed.
The Optimal Strategies for Improving Efficiency in Camless Engines
Authors: Shiao Yao Jung , Dat Ly Vinh
Published: December 2011

In this paper, an unthrottled camless engine model, which equipped electromagnetic valvetrain (EMV), has been built for performance simulation of engine dynamics. The combination of the techniques of cylinder deactivation (CDA) and variable valve timing (VVT) has been examined for different engine speeds and engine loads. The results concluded that the mode of two-cylinder deactivation considerably improves the fuel consumption at low engine load. Meanwhile, the one-cylinder deactivation mode is an optimal fuel economy mode for medium engine load. The normal engine mode fairly satisfies the driving torque and fuel economy in a vehicle, and thus it fits the optimal mode for the full loads. Additionally, the results also show that the optimal intake valve closing (IVC) timing for different engine speeds and loads. The IVC timing depends on engine speed linearly while the optimal IVC timing insignificantly changes at different engine loads when CDA is applied. By the determined CDA-VVT strategy, a camless unthrottled engine can maintain high efficiency operation for different speeds and loads.
Study on Minimum Miscible Pressure and Oil Displacement Law for CO2 Flooding
Authors: Chen Shu Li , Wu Wen Xiang , Tang Jia Bin
Published: December 2011

In laboratory, the minimum miscible pressure (MMP) of oil and CO2 was studied by using a slim tube model. The results showed that the greater the gas injection pressure, the higher the cumulative recovery. The gas breakthrough when the gas was injected with a volume of 0.7~0.8PV, the trend of cumulative recovery increase slowed down and the produced gas-oil ratio increased dramatically. Core flooding experiments were carried to compare the effects of CO2 and water flooding. As a result, the ultimate oil recovery of CO2 flooding increased with the increase of gas injection pressure. If the gas flooding was miscible, the ultimate recovery of CO2 flooding was generally higher than that of water flooding.
Research on Copper Solvent Extraction from the Solution Containing High Concentration of Sulphuric Acid and Iron
Authors: Lu Dian Kun , Jin Zhe Nan , Shi Li Fang
Published: December 2011

Three commercial extractants LIX984N, LIX606N and LIX973N were chosen for the research on Cu2+extraction from the solutions bearing high concentration of sulfuric acid and iron. The ability of Cu2+extraction and Cu/Fe separation performance were totally compared among the three extractants. The results show that LIX606N and LIX973N both possess more powerful ability in Cu2+extraction as compared to LIX984N. But, LIX973N and LIX984N has better Cu/Fe separation performance than LIX606N. According to the performance of Cu2+extraction and Cu/Fe separation, LIX973N is more suitable for extracting Cu2+from the solution rich in sulfuric acid and Fe3+.Effects of sulfuric acid and Fe3+concentration on Cu2+extraction by 20%LIX973N-kerosene have been examined. When aqueous sulfuric acid concentration increases from 23.48g/L to 62.16g/L, Cu2+extraction recovery drops from 60.42% to 25.21%; When aqueous Fe3+concentration increases from 7.03g/L up to 42.94g/L, Fe3+concentration in organic phase increases from 0.26g/L to 0.82g/L.
Research of Catalytic Oxidation Synthesis of Cyclopentene to Glutaraldehyde
Authors: Yan Qi Dong , Xu Jun , Xu Feng
Published: December 2011

The paper has studied the process of using H2O2 as oxidant and tungsten acid as catalyst, catalytic oxidation synthesis process of cyclopentene to glutaraldehyde and explored the main influence factors of the reaction, including the reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and solvent. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of the product was characterized by gas chromatography. The optimum synthetic condition was as follows: tertiary butanol as solvent, tungsten acid: boron anhydride(mass ratio)=1:1, 30%H2O2 as oxidant, the reaction temperature 35°C, the reaction time 4h, the yield of glutaraldehyde yield was 46%.
Optical Properties and Liquid-Crystalline Behaviors of Cyclosiloxane-Based Oligomer Films
Authors: Meng Fan Bao , Gao Hong Mei , Zhu Cui Zhi , Li Ri , Lin Xiao Yan
Published: December 2011

A series of liquid crystalline (LC) oligomer films (IP-VP) were prepared by use of cyclo(tetramethylhydrogeno)siloxane (CTMHS), and two different cholesteric monomers that possess ortho- or para-substituted benzene. The chemical structures, liquid-crystalline properties and optical properties of the synthesized materials were characterized by various experimental techniques. All the samples showed cholesteric phase with very wide mesophase temperature ranges. From IP to VP, the glass transition temperature and the isotropic temperature decreased slightly with increase of C2PB component in the polymer systems. The maximum reflection bands shift to long wavelength from IP to VP, suggesting the helical pitch become longer with more ortho-substituted benzene in the polymer systems
Preparation of Nanocrystalline Magnesium Aluminate Spinel Powder by Thermal Explosion Mode of LCS
Authors: Yan Zheng Guo , Yu Jing Kun
Published: December 2011

The nanocrystalline MgAl2O4powder was prepared by thermal explosion mode of low-temperature combustion synthesis (LCS) using urea as fuel and nitrates as oxidizers. The molar ratio of nitrates to urea and the adiabatic flame temperature was calculated according to the propellant chemistry and combustion thermodynamics theory respectively, and the effect of thermal explosion temperature on the properties of powder was investigated. The phase and morphology of the synthesized powder were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the combustion process completed in very shortly time, and the cauliflower-like powder with porous structure was obtained. The crystalline size of MgAl2O4increased with the increasing of thermal explosion temperature, and the powder had good crystalline shape and purity. The average crystalline size of MgAl2O4prepared at 400 was approximately 40nm.
Study of Adsorption Characteristics on Active Carbon for Ventilation Air Methane Separation
Authors: Yang Xiong , Liu Ying Shu , Li Yong Ling
Published: December 2011

Nine types of active carbon’s adsorption isotherm of nitrogen and methane at 298K, 308K and 318K were measured, and their selectivity factor and PSA sorption selection parameters were calculated. The results show the nine active carbons have desirable selective adsorption characters on methane to nitrogen. AC3 has the highest selectivity factor. It reaches to 5.11 at 298K. And AC3 is the optimal adsorbent in 9 different adsorbents. Its PSA sorption selection parameter is higher than others with the methane concentration of 0.2% at the operating pressure between 50kPa to 150kPa abs. In above conditions the higher the selectivity factor is, the higher the PSA sorption selection parameter will be.
Simultaneity Extraction of Iron and Nickel from Acidic Leaching Solution of Laterite Ores with Emulsion Liquid Membrane
Authors: Jiang Cheng Zhi , Zhai Xiu Jing , Zhang Ting An , Tan Yan Qiu
Published: December 2011

The W/O/W double emulsion was prepared using Span-80 as surfactant, tributyl phosphate (TBP) as extractant, NH3•H2O solution as internal aqueous phase and kerosene as diluting agent. Simultaneity extraction of Iron and Nickel are from acidic leaching solution of laterite ones with the emulsion liquid membrane. The effects of various factors on the extractive result have been examined and discussed. The suitable composition of liquid membrane was: Span-80=5 %; TBP=4 %; NH3•H2O =2 mol/L; kerosene =89 %. And technological operating condition was determined as follows: Roi=1:1; Rew=1:3; sulphate solutions in external phase are 0.1mol/L. Under the optimal operation conditions, the secondary extraction efficiency of Nickel (II) and Iron is onto 90%.
Direct Synthesis of 3,5-Dinitropyrazole Catalyzed by Newly Sulfated Nanosolid Superacid TiO2/ SO
Authors: Xi Li Min , Zhang Xin Xin
Published: December 2011

The newly sulfated nanosolid superacid TiO2/SO4 prepared by sol-gel method was broadly characterized by acid base titration, XRD and TEM, which identified that the superfine solid TiO2/SO4 showing good dispersibility with average size of 27 nm belongs to kind of crystalline nanoparticles. With the help of the catalyst TiO2/SO4, the optimal reaction condition for direct transformation of pyrazole and nitrosonitric acid into 3, 5-Dinitropyrazole was n (pyrazol)=0.10 mol, m (TiO2/SO4 )＝1.5g, V(n-octannol)＝90mL, and V(nitrosonitric acid)＝50mL. Moreover, the optimal yield of the catalytic reaction reached up to 59.4% when the reaction time is 7 hours. The nanosolid superacid catalyst is still of high activity after regenerating eight times by calcination at 600。C.
Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide at Carbon Nanotubes-Poly(Styrene-Co-N-Isopropylacrylamide) Nanoparticles Modified Electrode
Authors: Li Juan , Yang Zhan Jun , Tang Yan , Diao Duo Wang
Published: December 2011

Electrochemical sensors for the sensitive detection of H2O2 are for the first time described using carbon nanotubes/poly(styrene-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticles (CNT/pS-co-NIPAm) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The fabricated GCE is characterized using scan electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CNT/pS-co-NIPAm modified electrode has larger specific surface area and excellent electrocatalytic activity. The peak current of H2O2 obviously improves at modified GCE compared to bare electrode. The proposed electrode provides a promising avenue to develop novel electrochemical sensors.
Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 2,4-Dichlorophenol Using Novel Carbon Fiber Microelectrode
Authors: Yang Zhan Jun , Huang Xiao Chun , Li Juan , Ren Yan Yan , Hu Xiao Ya
Published: December 2011

A novel electrochemical strategy was proposed for detection of 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) at fabricated carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME). The resultant CFME was characterized using scan electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Upon addition of surfactant TritonX-100 in analytical system, the electrochemical signal of 2,4-DCP was obviously increased. Under the optimized conditions, the resulted CFME showed wide linear range for 2,4-DCP from 3.0×10-8to 1.8×10-6M with the detection limit of 1.0×10-8M (S/N = 3). The proposed method is simple, low-cost and convenient and will be a promising alternative for CFME fabrication.
Preparation and Optical Properties of Poly[3,4-Bis-(1,3-Dioxane-2-Ylethyl)] Thiophene
Authors: Zhong Guo Lun , Jiang Yu Jiao , Li Rong , Chen Fei , Mao Hong Lei , Wang Yong Hong
Published: December 2011

A new polythiophene derivative, poly[3,4-bis-(1,3-dioxane-2-ylethyl) thiophene] (PBDT) with two 1,3-dioxane groups was synthesized via two-step strategy. Firstly, a precursor polymer poly(3,4-dibromothiophene) (PDBrT) was prepared, and secondly the bromo-atoms were substituted by 1,3-dioxan-2-ylethyl groups to get the target polymer. The later reaction was monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. Molecular weights of PBDT were measured by GPC. In addition, the optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) of PBDT and PDBrT were investigated and demonstrated that the maximum emission wavelength of PBDT was red-shifted about 80 nm in comparison with that of PDBrT, which was due to the effects of electron withdrawing and steric repulsion between two 1,3-dioxane-2-ylethyl groups.
Synthesis and Characterization of Gradient Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Dong Tao , Zhang Li Peng , Yu Xian Jin , Zhao Zeng Dian , Dong Yun Hui
Published: December 2011

Gradient cathode material of LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 was synthesized by mixing hydroxide co-precipitated precursors with 8% excess LiOH•H2O. Structure and electrochemical properties of the material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), galvanostatic charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the typical crystal of the material is α-NaFeO2. The particles are formed by 200nm~500nm crystals. The gradient material sintered at 800°C shows the best electrochemical performance, the initial discharge capacity of the material is 164.45mAh•g-1 at 0.2C, its discharge capacity retention of 86% at 2C and with lower electrochemical impedance.
Properties Analysis of Organic Montmorillonite (OMMT) Reinforced RTV Composites
Authors: Hao Wen Li , Wang Jin Cheng , Zheng Xiao Yu , Xu Nan , Pan Xin Chen
Published: December 2011

Hydrogen silicone oil was used as an intercalation agent to treat Na+-montmorillonite, and thus organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was obtained. RTV/OMMT composites were prepared by these organic-clays and RTV. The tensile strength, hardness, and thermal properties of these composites were investigated. The structure and morphology were verified by SEM and XRD analysis. Results showed that RTV/OMMT-3% composites had the best tensile properties.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2-CoFe2O4 Magnetic Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Sun Dong Feng , Xu Zhi Jian , Wang Kai , Dong Gui Fu , Zhang Xiu Ling
Published: December 2011

A TiO2-CoFe2O4composite photocatalyst was prepared by one-step method with ultrasound technique using TiCl4, trivalent iron salt and divalent cobalt salts as precursors. The properties of the sample were investigated by XRD, TEM and VSM techniques. The photocatalyst activity was evaluated by using methyl orange aqueous solution as the model contaminant under the sunlight. The results showed that the TiO2-CoFe2O4composite photocatalyst exhibited good magnetic properties and the saturation magnetization was 212Gs. The microstructure of samples consists of the TiO2with anatase phase and CoFe2O4with spinel structure. The size of TiO2-CoFe2O4particles is approximately 20 nm in diameter. The photocatalyst test showed highly photocatalytic activity in the sunlight.
Influences of Rare-Earth Ions Doping on the Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2
Authors: Li Feng , Bian He , Zheng Jing Tang , Hu Yan
Published: December 2011

Rare-earth (RE)-doped TiO2photocatalysts were prepared by doping samarium ions into TiO2nanoparticles in a sol-gel process. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) in water under UV light irradiation. Finally, influences of rare-earth ions doping on the structure and photocatalytic activity of TiO2were studied using grey correlation analysis method based on multi-variable grey model. The experimental results indicated that the doping modifications of TiO2work through the structure change in nanoscale, leading to the change of activities. It was also found that the main actors influencing on activity of RE-doped TiO2are crystalline size (D) and crystal constant (a) for the MO photodegradation base on the grey relational analysis method. Using the same method above, the activities of RE-doped TiO2photocatalysts could be predicted and doping concentration need to be optimized.