bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Automated Ribotyping, spa Typing, and MLST in 108 Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Orthopedic Infections
Authors: Ravaioli Stefano , Campoccia Davide , Ruppitsch Werner , Allerberger Franz , Poggi Alessandro , Chisari Emanuele , Montanaro Lucio , Arciola Carla Renata
Published: February 2022

108 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, belonging to six large ribogroups according to the automated Ribo-Printer® system, were studied with two highly used molecular methods for epidemiological studies, namely multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing, followed by BURP and eBURST v3 analysis for clustering spa types and sequence (ST) types. The aim was to evaluate whether automated ribotyping could be considered a useful screening tool for identifying S. aureus genetic lineages with respect to spa typing and MLST. Clarifying the relationship of riboprinting with these typing methods and establishing whether ribogroups fit single clonal complexes were two main objectives. Further information on the genetic profile of the isolates was obtained from agr typing and the search for the mecA, tst genes, and the IS256 insertion sequence. Automated ribotyping has been shown to predict spa clonal complexes and MLST clonal complexes. The high cost and lower discriminatory power of automated ribotyping compared to spa and MSLT typing could be an obstacle to fine genotyping analyzes, especially when high discriminatory power is required. On the other hand, numerous advantages such as automation, ease and speed of execution, stability, typeability and reproducibility make ribotyping a reliable method to be juxtaposed to gold standard methods.
The H. pylori CagA Oncoprotein Induces DNA Double Strand Breaks through Fanconi Anemia Pathway Downregulation and Replication Fork Collapse
Authors: Kolinjivadi Arun Mouli , Sankar Haresh , Choudhary Ramveer , Tay Lavina Sierra , Tan Tuan Zea , Murata-Kamiya Naoko , Voon Dominic Chih-Cheng , Kappei Dennis , Hatakeyama Masanori , Krishnan Vaidehi , Ito Yoshiaki
Published: February 2022

The proteins from the Fanconi Anemia (FA) pathway of DNA repair maintain DNA replication fork integrity by preventing the unscheduled degradation of nascent DNA at regions of stalled replication forks. Here, we ask if the bacterial pathogen H. pylori exploits the fork stabilisation machinery to generate double stand breaks (DSBs) and genomic instability. Specifically, we study if the H. pylori virulence factor CagA generates host genomic DSBs through replication fork destabilisation and collapse. An inducible gastric cancer model was used to examine global CagA-dependent transcriptomic and proteomic alterations, using RNA sequencing and SILAC-based mass spectrometry, respectively. The transcriptional alterations were confirmed in gastric cancer cell lines infected with H. pylori. Functional analysis was performed using chromatin fractionation, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and single molecule DNA replication/repair fiber assays. We found a core set of 31 DNA repair factors including the FA genes FANCI, FANCD2, BRCA1, and BRCA2 that were downregulated following CagA expression. H. pylori infection of gastric cancer cell lines showed downregulation of the aforementioned FA genes in a CagA-dependent manner. Consistent with FA pathway downregulation, chromatin purification studies revealed impaired levels of Rad51 but higher recruitment of the nuclease MRE11 on the chromatin of CagA-expressing cells, suggesting impaired fork protection. In line with the above data, fibre assays revealed higher fork degradation, lower fork speed, daughter strands gap accumulation, and impaired re-start of replication forks in the presence of CagA, indicating compromised genome stability. By downregulating the expression of key DNA repair genes such as FANCI, FANCD2, BRCA1, and BRCA2, H. pylori CagA compromises host replication fork stability and induces DNA DSBs through fork collapse. These data unveil an intriguing example of a bacterial virulence factor that induces genomic instability by interfering with the host replication fork stabilisation machinery.
Exploring the Clinical Utility of Pancreatic Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Yeo Dannel , Bastian Althea , Strauss Heidi , Saxena Payal , Grimison Peter , Rasko John E. J.
Published: February 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequent pancreatic cancer type, characterized by a dismal prognosis due to late diagnosis, frequent metastases, and limited therapeutic response to standard chemotherapy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare subset of tumor cells found in the blood of cancer patients. CTCs has the potential utility for screening, early and definitive diagnosis, prognostic and predictive assessment, and offers the potential for personalized management. However, a gold-standard CTC detection and enrichment method remains elusive, hindering comprehensive comparisons between studies. In this review, we summarize data regarding the utility of CTCs at different stages of PDAC from early to metastatic disease and discuss the molecular profiling and culture of CTCs. The characterization of CTCs brings us closer to defining the specific CTC subpopulation responsible for metastasis with the potential to uncover new therapies and more effective management options for PDAC.
Nocturnal Light Pollution Induces Weight Gain in Mice and Reshapes the Structure, Functions, and Interactions of Their Colonic Microbiota
Authors: Sarmiento José , Pulgar Rodrigo , Mandakovic Dinka , Porras Omar , Flores Carlos A. , Luco Diego , Trujillo Carlos A. , Díaz-Esquivel Briam , Alvarez Cinthya , Acevedo Alejandro , Catalán Marcelo A.
Published: February 2022

In mammals, the daily variation in the ecology of the intestinal microbiota is tightly coupled to the circadian rhythm of the host. On the other hand, a close correlation between increased body weight and light pollution at night has been reported in humans and animal models. However, the mechanisms underlying such weight gain in response to light contamination at night remain elusive. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that dim light pollution at night alters the colonic microbiota of mice, which could correlate with weight gain in the animals. By developing an experimental protocol using a mouse model that mimics light contamination at night in urban residences (dLAN, dim light at night), we found that mice exposed to dLAN showed a significant weight gain compared with mice exposed to control standard light/dark (LD) photoperiod. To identify possible changes in the microbiota, we sampled two stages from the resting period of the circadian cycle of mice (ZT0 and ZT10) and evaluated them by high-throughput sequencing technology. Our results indicated that microbial diversity significantly differed between ZT0 and ZT10 in both LD and dLAN samples and that dLAN treatment impacted the taxonomic composition, functions, and interactions of mouse colonic microbiota. Together, these results show that bacterial taxa and microbial metabolic pathways might be involved with the mechanisms underlying weight gain in mice subjected to light contamination at night.
PaOctβ2R: Identification and Functional Characterization of an Octopamine Receptor Activating Adenylyl Cyclase Activity in the American Cockroach Periplaneta americana
Authors: Blenau Wolfgang , Bremer Anna-Sophie , Schwietz Yannik , Friedrich Daniel , Ragionieri Lapo , Predel Reinhard , Balfanz Sabine , Baumann Arnd
Published: February 2022

Biogenic amines constitute an important group of neuroactive substances that control and modulate various neural circuits. These small organic compounds engage members of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily to evoke specific cellular responses. In addition to dopamine- and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptors, arthropods express receptors that are activated exclusively by tyramine and octopamine. These phenolamines functionally substitute the noradrenergic system of vertebrates Octopamine receptors that are the focus of this study are classified as either α- or β-adrenergic-like. Knowledge on these receptors is scarce for the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). So far, only an α–adrenergic-like octopamine receptor that primarily causes Ca2+ release from intracellular stores has been studied from the cockroach (PaOctα1R). Here we succeeded in cloning a gene from cockroach brain tissue that encodes a β-adrenergic-like receptor and leads to cAMP production upon activation. Notably, the receptor is 100-fold more selective for octopamine than for tyramine. A series of synthetic antagonists selectively block receptor activity with epinastine being the most potent. Bioinformatics allowed us to identify a total of 19 receptor sequences that build the framework of the biogenic amine receptor clade in the American cockroach. Phylogenetic analyses using these sequences and receptor sequences from model organisms showed that the newly cloned gene is an β2-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor. The functional characterization of PaOctβ2R and the bioinformatics data uncovered that the monoaminergic receptor family in the hemimetabolic P. americana is similarly complex as in holometabolic model insects like Drosophila melanogaster and the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Thus, investigating these receptors in detail may contribute to a better understanding of monoaminergic signaling in insect behavior and physiology.
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Their Antiarrhythmic Properties
Authors: Kolesnik Ewald , Scherr Daniel , Rohrer Ursula , Benedikt Martin , Manninger Martin , Sourij Harald , von Lewinski Dirk
Published: February 2022

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are gaining ground as standard therapy for heart failure with a class-I recommendation in the recently updated heart failure guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology. Different gliflozins have shown impressive beneficial effects in patients with and without diabetes mellitus type 2, especially in reducing the rates for hospitalization for heart failure, yet little is known on their antiarrhythmic properties. Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias were reported by clinical outcome trials with SGLT2 inhibitors as adverse events, and SGLT2 inhibitors seemed to reduce the rate of arrhythmias compared to placebo treatment in those trials. Mechanistical links are mainly unrevealed, since hardly any experiments investigated their impact on arrhythmias. Prospective trials are currently ongoing, but no results have been published so far. Arrhythmias are common in the heart failure population, therefore the understanding of possible interactions with SGLT2 inhibitors is crucial. This review summarizes evidence from clinical data as well as the sparse experimental data of SGLT2 inhibitors and their effects on arrhythmias.
Genetic Conservation of CBS Domain Containing Protein Family in Oryza Species and Their Association with Abiotic Stress Responses
Authors: Tomar Surabhi , Subba Ashish , Bala Meenu , Singh Anil Kumar , Pareek Ashwani , Singla-Pareek Sneh Lata
Published: February 2022

Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs) form a comprehensive gene pool that can answer the queries related to plant domestication, speciation, and ecological adaptation. The genus ‘Oryza’ comprises about 27 species, of which two are cultivated, while the remaining are wild. Here, we have attempted to understand the conservation and diversification of the genes encoding Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain-containing proteins (CDCPs) in domesticated and CWRs of rice. Few members of CDCPs were previously identified to be stress-responsive and associated with multiple stress tolerance in rice. Through genome-wide analysis of eleven rice genomes, we identified a total of 36 genes encoding CDCPs in O. longistaminata, 38 in O. glaberrima, 39 each in O. rufipogon, O. glumaepatula, O. brachyantha, O. punctata, and O. sativa subsp. japonica, 40 each in O. barthii and O. meridionalis, 41 in O. nivara, and 42 in O. sativa subsp. indica. Gene duplication analysis as well as non-synonymous and synonymous substitutions in the duplicated gene pairs indicated that this family is shaped majorly by the negative or purifying selection pressure through the long-term evolution process. We identified the presence of two additional hetero-domains, namely TerCH and CoatomerE (specifically in O. sativa subsp. indica), which were not reported previously in plant CDCPs. The in silico expression analysis revealed some of the members to be responsive to various abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR based analysis identified some members to be highly inducive specifically in salt-tolerant genotype in response to salinity. The cis-regulatory element analysis predicted the presence of numerous stress as well as a few phytohormone-responsive elements in their promoter region. The data presented in this study would be helpful in the characterization of these CDCPs from rice, particularly in relation to abiotic stress tolerance.
Relationship between Translational and Rotational Dynamics of Alkyltriethylammonium-Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Kruk Danuta , Masiewicz Elzbieta , Lotarska Sylwia , Markiewicz Roksana , Jurga Stefan
Published: February 2022

1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for a series of ionic liquids including bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion and cations of a varying alkyl chain length: triethylhexylammonium, triethyloctylammonium, decyltriethylammonium, dodecyltriethylammonium, triethyltetradecylammonium, and hexadecyltriethylammonium. The relaxation studies were carried out in abroad frequency range covering three orders of magnitude, from 10 kHz to 10 MHz, versus temperature. On the basis of a thorough, quantitative analysis of this reach data set, parameters characterizing the relative, cation-cation, translation diffusion (relative diffusion coefficients and translational correlation times), and rotational motion of the cation (rotational correlation times) were determined. Relationships between these quantities and their dependence on the alkyl chain length were discussed in comparison to analogous properties of molecular liquids. It was shown, among other findings, that the ratio between the translational and rotational correlation times is smaller than for molecular liquids and considerably dependent on temperature. Moreover, a comparison of relative and self-diffusion coefficients indicate correlated translational dynamics of the cations.
Bacterial Inoculant and Sucrose Amendments Improve the Growth of Rheum palmatum L. by Reprograming Its Metabolite Composition and Altering Its Soil Microbial Community
Authors: Tian Yuan , Liu Yang , Yue Liang , Uwaremwe Constantine , Zhao Xia , Zhou Qin , Wang Yun , Wang Ruoyu
Published: February 2022

Rheum palmatum L. is an important traditional Chinese medicinal herb now in demand worldwide. Recently, the theoretical framework suggested that sucrose triggers colonization of PGPM (plant growth-promoting microbes) in the rhizosphere, but their interactions on the plant remain largely unknown. Here, we applied three concentrations of both Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EZ99 inoculant (1.0 × 105, 1.0 × 106, and 1.0 × 107 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL, denoted as LB, MB, and HB, respectively) and sucrose (0.15, 1.5, and 15 g/L, denoted as LS, MS, and HS, respectively) to investigate their co-effects on R. palmatum in a field experiment. The results showed that LB + MS (1.0 × 105 CFU/mL Bacillus + 1.5 g/L sucrose) and LB + LS (1.0 × 105 CFU/mL Bacillus + 0.15 g/L sucrose) treatments significantly increased root fresh weight (p ≤ 0.05). Metabolite analysis revealed that the treatment LB + LS significantly increased the relative content of major active components in rhubarb, namely anthraquinones and phenolic compounds, by 1.5% and 2.3%. Although high sucrose addition increased the activities of certain soil enzymes, the LB + LS treatment significantly increased total potassium (TK), whereas it decreased available potassium (AK), which facilitated the potassium utilization in rhizosphere soil. Furthermore, rhizosphere microbiomes revealed that fungal diversity was augmented in LB + LS treatment, in which the common causative fungal pathogen Fusarium spp. showed an effective suppression. Additionally, the redundancy analysis and Spearman correlations revealed a positive relationship of Sphingomonas associated with change in potassium bioavailability. Altogether, our findings suggest that the combined application of a bacterial inoculant and sucrose can improve the growth and quality of R. palmatum, and stimulate uptake of plant nutrients that contribute to alter the microbial community for biocontrol potential. Hence, this work not only has broad application prospects across economical plants, but also emphasizes agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture.
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: An Update
Authors: Meyyazhagan Arun , Orlacchio Antonio
Published: February 2022

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with the predominant clinical manifestation of spasticity in the lower extremities. HSP is categorised based on inheritance, the phenotypic characters, and the mode of molecular pathophysiology, with frequent degeneration in the axon of cervical and thoracic spinal cord’s lateral region, comprising the corticospinal routes. The prevalence ranges from 0.1 to 9.6 subjects per 100,000 reported around the globe. Though modern medical interventions help recognize and manage the disorder, the symptomatic measures remain below satisfaction. The present review assimilates the available data on HSP and lists down the chromosomes involved in its pathophysiology and the mutations observed in the respective genes on the chromosomes. It also sheds light on the treatment available along with the oral/intrathecal medications, physical therapies, and surgical interventions. Finally, we have discussed the related diagnostic techniques as well as the linked pharmacogenomics studies under future perspectives.
Cold Atmospheric Plasma Apoptotic and Oxidative Effects on MCF7 and HCC1806 Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Almeida-Ferreira Catarina , Silva-Teixeira Rafael , Gonçalves Ana Cristina , Marto Carlos Miguel , Sarmento-Ribeiro Ana Bela , Caramelo Francisco , Botelho Maria Filomena , Laranjo Mafalda
Published: February 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant neoplasia with the highest incidence and mortality rates in women worldwide. Currently, therapies include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, including targeted therapies in some cases. However, treatments are often associated with serious adverse effects. Looking for new options in BC treatment, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in two cell lines (MCF7 and HCC1806) with distinct histological features. Apoptosis seemed to be the most prevalent type of death, as corroborated by several biochemical features, including phosphatidylserine exposure, the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, an increase in BAX/BCL2 ratio and procaspase 3 loss. Moreover, the accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle points to the loss of replication ability and decreased survival. Despite reported toxic concentrations of peroxides in culture media exposed to plasma, intracellular peroxide concentration was overall decreased accompanying a reduction in GSH levels shortly after plasma exposure in both cell lines. In HCC1806, elevated nitric oxide (NO) concentration accompanied by reduced superoxide levels suggests that these cells are capable of converting plasma-derived nitrites into NO that competes with superoxide dismutase (SOD) for superoxide to form peroxinitrite. The concomitant inhibition of the antioxidative activity of cells during CAP treatment, particularly the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase with sodium azide, synergistically increased plasma toxicity. Thus, this in vitro research enlightens the therapeutic potential of CAP in the treatment of breast cancer, elucidating its possible mechanisms of action.
Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Response in Cancer
Authors: Choi Wonyoung , Lee Eun Sook
Published: February 2022

DNA damage response (DDR) is critical to ensure genome stability, and defects in this signaling pathway are highly associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Nevertheless, this also provides therapeutic opportunities, as cells with defective DDR signaling are directed to rely on compensatory survival pathways, and these vulnerabilities have been exploited for anticancer treatments. Following the impressive success of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of BRCA-mutated breast and ovarian cancers, extensive research has been conducted toward the development of pharmacologic inhibitors of the key components of the DDR signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the key elements of the DDR pathway and how these molecular components may serve as anticancer treatment targets. We also summarize the recent promising developments in the field of DDR pathway inhibitors, focusing on novel agents beyond PARP inhibitors. Furthermore, we discuss biomarker studies to identify target patients expected to derive maximal clinical benefits as well as combination strategies with other classes of anticancer agents to synergize and optimize the clinical benefits.
Zelus renardii Roaming in Southern Italy
Authors: Lahbib Nada , Picciotti Ugo , Sefa Valdete , Boukhris-Bouhachem Sonia , Porcelli Francesco , Garganese Francesca
Published: February 2022

This study collects data from the literature and updates our Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1856 (Leafhopper Assassin Bug, LAB) prey knowledge. The literature consists of ca. 170 entries encompassing the years 1856 to 2021. This reduviid originated in the Nearctic region, but has entered and acclimatised in many Mediterranean countries. Our quantitative predation experiments—in the laboratory on caged plants plus field or environmental observations—confirm that LAB prefers a selected array of prey. Laboratory predation tests on living targets (Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera) agree with the literature. Zelus renardii prefers comparatively large, highly mobile, and readily available prey. LAB preferences on available hemipterans targets suggest that Zelus renardii is a good inundative biocontrol agent for Xylella fastidiosapauca ST53 infections. LAB also prey on other important olive pests, such as Bactrocera oleae. Therefore, Zelus renardii is a major integrated pest management (IPM) component to limit Xylella fastidiosa pandemics and other pest invasions.
Multimodality Imaging in Ischemic Chronic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Guglielmo Marco , Serra Alessandra , Gatti Marco , Volpato Valentina , Schoepf Uwe Joseph , Saba Luca , Cau Riccardo , Faletti Riccardo , McGill Liam J. , De Cecco Carlo Nicola , Pontone Gianluca , Dell’Aversana Serena , Sironi Sandro
Published: February 2022

Ischemic chronic cardiomyopathy (ICC) is still one of the most common cardiac diseases leading to the development of myocardial ischemia, infarction, or heart failure. The application of several imaging modalities can provide information regarding coronary anatomy, coronary artery disease, myocardial ischemia and tissue characterization. In particular, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can provide information regarding coronary plaque stenosis, its composition, and the possible evaluation of myocardial ischemia using fractional flow reserve CT or CT perfusion. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can be used to evaluate cardiac function as well as the presence of ischemia. In addition, CMR can be used to characterize the myocardial tissue of hibernated or infarcted myocardium. Echocardiography is the most widely used technique to achieve information regarding function and myocardial wall motion abnormalities during myocardial ischemia. Nuclear medicine can be used to evaluate perfusion in both qualitative and quantitative assessment. In this review we aim to provide an overview regarding the different noninvasive imaging techniques for the evaluation of ICC, providing information ranging from the anatomical assessment of coronary artery arteries to the assessment of ischemic myocardium and myocardial infarction. In particular this review is going to show the different noninvasive approaches based on the specific clinical history of patients with ICC.
Nuclide Inventory Benchmark for BWR Spent Nuclear Fuel: Challenges in Evaluation of Modeling Data Assumptions and Uncertainties
Authors: Mertyurek Ugur , Ilas Germina
Published: February 2022

This work discusses challenges and approaches to uncertainty analyses associated with the development of a nuclide inventory benchmark for fuel irradiated in a boiling water reactor. The benchmark under consideration is being developed based on experimental data from the SFCOMPO international database. The focus herein is on how to address missing data in fuel design and operating conditions that are important for adequately simulating the time-dependent changes in fuel during irradiation in the reactor. The effects of modeling assumptions and uncertainties in modeling parameters on the calculated nuclide inventory were analyzed and quantified through computational models developed using capabilities in the SCALE code system. Particular attention was given to the impact of the power history and water coolant density on the calculated nuclide inventory, as well as to the effect of geometry modeling considerations not usually addressed in a nuclide inventory benchmark. These considerations include gap closure, channel bow, and channel corner radius, which do not usually apply to regular reactor operation but are relevant for assessing impacts of potential anomalous operating scenarios.
Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish Trichophyton Isolates 2019–2020
Authors: Astvad Karen Marie Thyssen , Hare Rasmus Krøger , Jørgensen Karin Meinike , Saunte Ditte Marie Lindhardt , Thomsen Philip Kjettinge , Arendrup Maiken Cavling
Published: February 2022

Terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton species has emerged and appears to be increasing. A new EUCAST susceptibility testing method and tentative ECOFFs were recently proposed for Trichophyton. Terbinafine resistance and target gene mutations were detected in 16 Danish isolates in 2013–2018. In this study, samples/isolates submitted for dermatophyte susceptibility testing 2019–2020 were examined. Species identification (ITS sequencing for T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex (SC) isolates), EUCAST MICs and squalene epoxidase (SQLE) profiles were obtained. Sixty-three isolates from 59 patients were included. T. rubrum accounted for 81% and T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale SC for 19%. Approximately 60% of T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale SC isolates were terbinafine non-wildtype and/or had known/novel SQLE mutations with possible implications for terbinafine MICs. All infections with terbinafine-resistant T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale SC isolates were caused by Trichophyton indotineae. Compared to 2013–2018, the number of patients with terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton isolates increased. For T. rubrum, this is partly explained by an increase in number of requests for susceptibility testing. Terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae was first detected in 2018, but accounted for 19% of resistance (4 of 21 patients) in 2020. In conclusion, terbinafine resistance is an emerging problem in Denmark. Population based studies are warranted and susceptibility testing is highly relevant in non-responding cases.
Jozef Kazimierz Kossakowski and the Everyday Life of Priests in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Period of Enlightenment
Authors: Witecki Stanisław
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In the late eighteenth century, the distance between the changing norms and
values and the unchanging material conditions of priests’ everyday lives grew rapidly. The
aim of this article is to explore and understand the life and work of the bishop of Livonia,
Józef Kazimierz Kossakowski. He was the author of Ksiądz pleban [The Parson], one of the
most acknowledged parenetic books promoting new social obligations of priests, however
his actions were far from the ideals he promoted. His case is especially interesting because he also wrote a diary describing his life from the childhood to becoming a bishop.

Keywords: Parish clergy, the Catholic Enlightenment, everyday life, diary, the Polish-
Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Viešųjų bausmių taikymas Kauno pilies teisme XVIII a. antrojoje pusėje ir jų vykdymas
Authors: Stankevič Adam
Published: February 2022

ASSIGNMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLIC PUNISHMENTS BY KAUNAS CASTLE COURT IN THE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY The article deals with the issue of assignment and administration of public punishments by Kaunas Castle Court in the late eighteenth century. In the period under investigation, this court imposed capital and corporal punishments, punishments by imprisonment, removal from office and banishment from the city. Death penalty was imposed on those offenders who were accused of homicide, robbery and theft, although the court did not impose qualified methods of capital punishment. Out of corporal punishments, only flagellation (as the principal and ancillary punishment for crimes against life, health and property, never administered to the nobility) and branding (as an ancillary punishment for thieves) were inflicted. The number of imposed strokes ranged from 50 to 400, with the most common number being 100 strokes. During the analysed period, the main place of confinement continued to the so-called Tower (Upper and Lower) Prison. The Upper Tower Prison registry was dominated by relatively short sentences of 3, 6 and 12 weeks, mostly for violent acts (slaps in the face, forfeiture of real estate, assault with a combat weapon, assault on a nobleman’s house and estate). The Lower Tower Prison was used less frequently (as a punishment for beating a nobleman with a non-combat weapon, unlawful incarceration, and unproven criminal charge offence), but the sentences delivered were longer: from 12, 24 weeks to half a year. From 1782 onwards, instead of imposing the death penalty in cases like theft, robbery and homicide, the court began to give imprisonment sentences (fixed or indefinite) which were non-existent under the GDL law and thus had to be carried out in the Kamianets-Podilskyi prison. Keywords: Kaunas Castle Court, public punishments, criminal law of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Sapiehowie i ich związki z Karolem XII – refleksja rodu nad wydarzeniami z przełomu wiekow
Authors: Skrzypietz Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

Adnotacja. Za panowania Jana III Sapiehowie zdobyli znaczne wpływy w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim; w literaturze mówi się nawet o ich hegemonii. Próby przeciwstawienia im sił opozycyjnych, podjęte przez Sobieskiego, przyniosły efekt dopiero po śmierci króla, gdy przedstawiciele średniej szlachty, wspieranej dyskretnie przez magnaterię zainteresowaną ukróceniem wpływów sapieżyńskich, wystąpili z programem koekwacji praw. To właśnie te grupy opowiedziały się za obiorem na tron Wettyna w nadziei, że odmieni to sytuację wewnętrzną w księstwie. Nie pomylili się, pozycja Sapiehów osłabła. Nowy władca, August II podejrzewany był o sympatie prorepublikanckie, choć próbował okazywać przychylność również Sapiehom i oficjalnie dążył do zachowania równowagi. Jednak na Litwie doszło do zbrojnych wystąpień przeciw Sapiehom, a wskutek tego po wybuchu wielkiej wojny północnej opowiedzieli się oni za Karolem XII. Republikanci liczyli nie tylko na pogrążonego w trudnościach Augusta II, ale nawiązali współpracę z Piotrem I. Oznaczało to, że wobec porażki króla szwedzkiego, Sapiehowie musieli szukać porozumienia z Sasem. Elementem
ich zabiegów o powrót do jego łask był dokument przedstawiający wydarzenia na Litwie
oczami Sapiehów, tłumaczący ich nielojalne postępowanie.

Słowa kluczowe: Sapiehowie, koekwacja praw, wielka wojna północna, opozycja
antykrólewska.
The Shared Safety Net Action Plan (SSNAP): a co-designed intervention to reduce delays in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Heyhoe Jane , Reynolds Caroline , Bec Remi , Wolstenholme Daniel , Grindell Cheryl , Louch Gemma , Lawton Rebecca
Published: February 2022

Background

Safety netting in primary care may help diagnose cancer earlier, but it is unclear what the format and content of an acceptable safety-netting intervention would be. This project aimed to co-design a safety-netting intervention with and for primary care patients and staff.

Aim

This work sought to address how a safety-netting intervention would be implemented in practice; and, if and how a safety-netting intervention would be acceptable to all stakeholders.

Design and setting

Patient representatives, GPs, and nurse practitioners were invited to a series of co-design workshops. Patients who had and had not received a diagnosis of cancer and primary care practices took part in separate focus groups.

Method

Three workshops using creative co-design processes developed the format and content of the intervention prototype. The COM-B Framework underpinned five focus groups to establish views on capability, opportunity, and motivation to use the intervention to assist with prototype refinement.

Results

Workshops and focus groups suggested the intervention format and content should incorporate visual and written communication specifying clear timelines for monitoring symptoms and when to present back; be available in paper and electronic forms linked to existing computer systems; and be able to be delivered within a 10-minute consultation. Intervention use themes included ‘building confidence through partnership’, ‘using familiar and current procedures and systems’, and ‘seeing value’.

Conclusion

The Shared Safety Net Action Plan (SSNAP) — a safety-netting intervention to assist the timely diagnosis of cancer in primary care, was successfully co-designed with and for patients and primary care staff.
Educação Ambiental no curso de graduação em ciências socioambientais da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais: uma reflexão sobre a ambientalização no ensino superior
Authors: Carvalho Ely Bergo de Carvalho , Ribeiro Carolina Quinetti , Cruz Luís Otavio Pimenta , Cunha Vitor Meinberg
Published: February 2022

A legislação brasileira determina a inserção da Educação Ambiental na graduação, mas a ambientalização do ensino superior é um grande desafio. O bacharelado em Ciências Socioambientais da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais é um caso excepcional para tal inserção, pois é interdisciplinar e voltado para a área ambiental. O objetivo da presente pesquisa é compreender a inserção da Educação Ambiental e a percepção dos discentes e egressos em tal caso, usando questionários e análise documental. Resulta que a Educação Ambiental aparece de forma interdisciplinar e contextualizada, mas desarticulada, já a percepção é variada, do tipo pragmática, conservacionista e histórica.
Análise exploratória a partir de narrativa de vida: engajamento e crítica às metodologias pedagógicas em projeto de Educação Ambiental na Bacia de Campos (RJ)
Authors: Cezar Lilian Sagio , Brito Mônica do Nascimento
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é resultado de pesquisa do Projeto de Educação Ambiental (PEA) Pescarte, que é uma medida de mitigação ambiental exigida pelo licenciamento ambiental federal, conduzida pelo IBAMA. Descrevemos e analisamos o papel das metodologias pedagógicas empregadas nos processos de educação não formal, na vertente da Educação Ambiental Crítica, promovidas pelo PEA Pescarte na Bacia de Campos, RJ. Para tanto se procedeu pesquisa social qualitativa de cunho exploratório a partir do estabelecimento de diálogo e interlocução em profundidade com uma pescadora eleita pela comunidade para ser representante da pesca artesanal junto aos processos educativos do PEA Pescarte. Cotejamos as informações sobre a participação de nossa interlocutora nos processos formativos às suas narrativas sobre sua trajetória de vida, buscando explicitar e correlacionar os resultados por ela obtidos diante da proposta pedagógica assentada no diálogo e na análise crítica da realidade, na escuta sensível, manutenção da mobilização diária e nas formações coletivas enquanto importantes metodologias que proporcionam tanto ao grupo da pesca artesanal, em especial as mulheres, quanto aos educadores, um aprofundamento de conhecimentos e fortalecimento nos processos educativos.
Providing Online Learning Situations for In-Service Mathematics Teachers' External Transposition Knowledge During COVID-19 Pandemic: Case of Indonesia
Authors: Marfuah Marfuah , Suryadi Didi , Turmudi Turmudi , Isnawan Muhamad Galang
Published: February 2022

Updating mastery of mathematics scholarly knowledge is vital for mathematics teachers' professional development in Indonesia. External transposition refers to the transposition of mathematics scholarly knowledge to the school curriculum. During the COVID-19 pandemic, online learning becomes the primary strategy for strengthening the external transposition knowledge of mathematics teachers in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the process of providing online learning situations in lifting the in-service mathematics teachers' external transposition knowledge during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online learning involved 57 in-service high school mathematics teachers in Indonesia as participants. The scholarly knowledge to be delivered was the visualization of matrix multiplication. This qualitative study is a didactical design research that includes a prospective learning situation analysis, a meta-technopedadidactic analysis, and a retrospective analysis. In the prospective learning situation, the solutions for re-situating face-to-face learning to online learning were disclosed. Moodle was used as the Learning Management System, and GeoGebra Classroom was used as the Task Response System. A meta-technopedadidactic is an educator's ability to comprehensively analyze pedagogic interaction, didactic interaction, and didactic pedagogy anticipation in using technology in a learning situation. The finding in the meta-technopedadidactic analysis showed the role of technology as a visualization tool in online learning, evidence of participants' external didactic transposition, constraints, and collaboration in learning. Finally, the retrospective analysis suggested some future improvements for better online learning situations. This study contributes to the comprehensive organization of e-learning courses in Indonesia for mathematics teachers' professional development based on pedagogic interaction, didactic interaction, and didactic pedagogy anticipation in the use of technology. Despite some of the study's limitations, the findings have the potential to be an advantage for the long-term sustainability of e-learning as a new norm for teachers' professional development programs, rather than just a foreshadowing of the pandemic.
Modelling large-scale scientific data transfers
Authors:   , Bogado García Joaquín Ignacio
Published: February 2022

En el entorno de la Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG), la capacidad de predecir el momento de finalización de una transferencia inmediatamente después de su creación, permitiría tomar decisiones de planificación al principio de la vida de la transferencia o grupo de transferencias, denominadas reglas. Estas mejoras en las técnicas de planificación, conducen directamente a la optimización de la red y el almacenamiento. Este trabajo se centra en la creación y el estudio de un conjunto de datos disponible públicamente a partir del cual es posible reconstruir el estado interno de parte del sistema de gestión de datos distribuidos de la WLCG. El trabajo busca investigar si existen modelos viables que permitan predecir el tiempo de transferencia de archivos y grupos de archivos denominados reglas con suficiente precisión para mejorar los sistemas de planificación existentes.
Effect of some biochemical factors on female reproductive function
Authors: Gudinskaya Natalia , Boiko Oksana , Mukhamedzyanova Rushaniya. , Dotsenko Yuri , Tokhtarov Shakhrydin , Ramaeva Anzhela , Khairulaeva Galiya , Gudinskaya Polina
Published: February 2022

The study aimed to determine the effect of certain biochemical factors on the female reproductive function. Analysis showed that two biochemical factors classified as inflammatory markers have a significant difference in their concentrations in women with impaired fertility and those without fertility disorders. These are C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactoferrin (LF). It is reasonable to assume that these inflammatory markers are associated to some extent with the development of reproductive disorders due to possible formation of inhibin A/LF complexes, which may reduce the biological activity of inhibin A, in patients’ serum. The effect of CRP on inhibin A activity is most likely to be systemic and associated with the effect of CRP high concentrations on inhibin A function on the body level. In particular, it is possible that CRP has an effect on IL-1βsynthesis in ovarian follicles.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Madrasah
Authors: Nurfadilah Ita , Farihah Umi
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Bondowoso. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru salah satunya motivasi kerja dan disipln kerja. Motivasi kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap kinerja. Motivasi kerja juga menjadi kebutuhan yang digunakan seseorang untuk melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru tentunya tidak lepas dari dorongan diri sendiri ataupun dari luar, salah satunya yaitu kepala sekolah sebagai dorongan dari luar. Dan disiplin kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang tidak kalah penting dari motivasi kerja. Sehingga disiplin sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan suatu lembaga dan organisasi untuk mendorong para anggotanya memenuhi tuntutan berbagai ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif kausal serta metode penelitian survey yang dilakukan di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Bondowoso. Simple random sampling digunakan sebagai teknik pengambilan sample dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 guru. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan SPSS Version 22 for Windows. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Bondowoso.
Kata Kunci: Motivasi kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Kinerja guru
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of work motivation and work discipline on teacher performance at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Bondowoso. This research is motivated by the existence of factors that affect teacher performance, one of which is work motivation and work discipline. Work motivation is one of the factors that affect performance. Work motivation is also a need that someone uses to do a job. In improving teacher performance, of course, it cannot be separated from self or external encouragement, one of which is the principal as encouragement from outside. And work discipline is one factor that is no less important than work motivation. So that discipline is very important for the growth of an institution and organization to encourage its members to meet the demands of various provisions that have been set. This study uses a quantitative approach with causal associative research and survey research methods conducted at Islamic Junior Hight School two Bondowoso. Simple random sampling was used as a sampling technique with a sample size of 30 teachers. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documen-tation. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS Version 22 for Windows. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of work motivation and work discipline on teacher performance at Islamic Junior Hight School two Bondowoso.
Manajemen Layanan Khusus Unit Koperasi Berbasis E-Money pada Pondok Pesantren Modern di Jawa Timur
Authors: Fatimah Linatul , Aminah Siti
Published: February 2022

Manajemen layanan khusus unit koperasi berbasis e-money dibentuk untuk mempermudah dan memperlancar pembelajaran, serta dapat memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik pada unit koperasi berbasis e-money. E-money sendiri bertujuan untuk memberikan manfaat dan kemudahan dalam pengelolaan keuangan dan pencatatan transaksi. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, serta pengawasan dan evaluasi layanan khusus unit koperasi pada pondok pesantren modern di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipasi yang pasif, wawancara semistruktur, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 1) Perencanaan unit koperasi berbasis e-money terdiri atas perencanaan jangka panjang seperti penerapan e-money dan menyempurnakan pembukuan keuangan dan perencanaan jangka pendek seperti penyelenggaraan rapat, meningkatkan usaha toko; 2) Pengorganisasian unit koperasi berbasis e-money terdiri dari rapat anggota tahunan, pengurus, pengawas, dan anggota; 3) Pelaksanaan unit koperasi berbasis e-money berwujud beberapa usaha yaitu usaha toko makanan dan seragam, laundry, dan wartel; 4) Pengawasan unit koperasi berbasis e-money dilakukan setiap hari dengan terjun langsung dan evaluasi yaitu laporan keuangan koperasi dalam bentuk print out.
Kata Kunci: manajemen layanan khusus, koperasi, e-money
Abstract
A distinctive service management for e-money-based koperasi (economic enterprise) units was established to facilitate and assist the learning process, and to meet the needs of students in e-money-based koperasi units. E-money itself aims to provide benefits and convenience in financial management and transaction recording. The purpose of this paper is to describe the planning, organization, implementation, and monitoring- evaluation of distinctive services for koperasi units in modern Islamic boarding schools in East Java. This research deployed qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used was passive participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The results of this study suggests that; 1) Planning of an e-money-based koperasi unit consists of long-term planning such as implementing e-money and improving financial accounting and short-term planning such as carrying out meetings, increasing store's establishment; 2) Organizing e-money-based koperasi units consisting of annual member meetings, management, supervisors, and members; 3) Implementation of e-money-based koperasi units is carried out in the form of several businesses, such as food and uniform outlets, laundry, and wartel businesses; 4) Supervision of e-money-based koperasi units is carried out in daily basis by direct involvement and evaluation through the hard copy of koperasi financial reports.
Guqin music therapy to alleviate sleep disturbances in Chinese cancer patients
Authors: Mao Qi
Published: February 2022

Both in Chinese and in western cancer patients sleep disorders are a frequent and serious complication. The present study used qualitative methods to explore sleep-related benefits of Guqin music therapy in Chinese psycho-oncology and suggests a corresponding theoretical framework which encompasses psychological, neuroscientific and ontological components. In sharp contrast to receptive music therapy which mainly speaks about listening in general, the present study suggests that therapeutic outcomes may considerably depend on individual modes of aesthetic perception. Although some perspectives suggest international transferability of this approach, aspects such as Buddhist belief in re-incarnation or Daoist awareness of permanent transitions may qualify too simple cross-cultural applications. Despite the encouraging results which suggest Guqin music therapy for the improvement of sleep quality in (gastric) cancer patients, further studies are needed for broader clinical and rehabilitative implementation.