bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migration as a National Security Challenge: Problems of Asylum Seekers' Adaptation (A Case of Tornio, Finland)
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shlapeko Ekaterina A. , Kondrateva Svetlana V. ,   Institute of Economics, Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The article considers approaches to the problems of contemporary migration flows to Europe in the context of ensuring national security, taking into account social and cultural contradictions between the local community and migrants. It begins with a brief overview of securitization theory, used as a theoretical tool to facilitate practical security analysis. Today we are witnessing a growing trend of migration securitization in Europe, which affects the position of migrants. The media and the Internet, being key sources of information, not only reflect the attitudes in society, but also construct stereotypical images of particular social groups, dividing into us or them, friends or foes, and can contribute to shaping a certain attitude of society towards its representatives. The theory of securitization distinguishes the following main threats to the national state from migrants: political threat, economic threat, social threat, and cultural threat. Social and cultural contradictions of migrants' integration are revealed on the basis of interviews with asylum seekers at the Tornio Refugees Reception Center (August-September 2016) regarding their stay in Finland and relationship with the host community, as well as on the basis of the authors' own observations. The authors believe that prerequisites for the fragmentation of European society are caused, on the one hand, by the desire of migrants to preserve values and norms of the traditional culture, and, on the other hand, by the clash of expectations (of both migrants and the host community) with real life, misunderstanding and refusal to accept host community traditions. The obtained results highlight the significant role of communication activities with the joint participation of locals and newcomers in understanding each others' culture, decreasing negative perceptions and reactions in the integration process. The study confirms the desire of migrants to preserve the values and norms of their own traditional culture. The elimination of social and cultural factors and lack of social contacts can lead to the formation of enclaves and potentially conflict situations. The article offers recommendations for improving general intercultural and interethnic communication in order to reduce the risk of forming closed social groups.
Deadjectival Verbs of Essive Semantics in German, English and Ukrainian: A Typological Approach
Authors:   Donetsk National Medical University, Pouzik Andrey A.
Published: December 2021

The peculiarities of the semantics and structure of verbs derived from adjectives in German, English, and Ukrainian have been analyzed. The verbal lexemes of the languages compared can be defined by means of a semantic interpretation model “Subject of a Situation Is a Motivating Adjective”; they constitute a semantically heterogeneous group of “essive” verbs (from Lat. esse - ‘to be'). Within the framework of the derivational category of “essive” verbs at the level of derivational semantics subcategories, semantic groups and subgroups have been distinguished. In the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs of German, English, and Ukrainian, the opposition is reproduced on the basis of an “active/inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature denoted by a motivating adjective”. On this basis, the “essive” verbs of the compared languages are divided into two derivational subcategories: “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature) and “quasi-essive” verbs derived from adjectives (active state of the subject when revealing a feature). In terms of interlingual comparison, the author notes the quantitative superiority of the two subcategories of the Ukrainian “active” deadjectival verbs over the corresponding subcategories of German and English, while within each language of comparison the quantitative ratios of the selected subcategories are different: in Ukrainian the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs is superior over the subcategory of “quasi-essive” verbs, while in German and English the “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs are quantitatively superior over the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (in German the quantitative difference is insignificant (nine verbs), and in English the group of “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs is almost twice as big as in German). Within the selected derivational subcategories of the languages compared and on the basis of the presence/absence and nature of certain additional semantic components in the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs, semantic groups have been distinguished. Two semantic groups can be clearly distinguished within “proper essive” deadjectival verbs, depending on whether the feature revealed by the subject of a situation is necessarily visually perceptible (“expositive”) or visually imperceptible (“intra-essive”). The group of “expositive” deadjectival verbs of Ukrainian is eight times as big as the corresponding semantic group in German, while in English no deadjectival verbs of “expositive” semantics have been found. In German and English, the main way to derive essive verbs from adjectives is conversion (85% and 56%, respectively). In English, conversion is supplemented with suffix models (44%). Essive suffix deadjectival verbs make up 100% of the material in Ukrainian and 15% in German.
General and Special Theories of Criminal Procedure
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Slinko Sergey V. , Slinko Dmitry S. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Filin Dmitry V. ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the article can be determined on the basis of research on general theories of criminal procedure. The main theoretical provisions of the criminal procedure of continental Europe began to be developed in 1864, after the adoption of the Charter of the Criminal Proceedings of Russia. Theoretical developments included a conceptual approach that defined guarantees for the rights, freedoms and interests of participants in the procedure, basic principles, forms of evidence and proving, the procedure for investigative and judicial actions. The aim of the article is to reveal the theoretical content of the general theory of the procedure and to determine new special theories enshrined in the current legislation. If general theories of the procedure have been considered at the level of monographic research, special ones have remained outside the scope of studies. The novelty of the research consists in the disclosure of theoretical and practical aspects of general and special theories of criminal procedure on the basis of existing legislation and the practice of its application by criminal justice authorities and the collegiate court. The article considers the theoretical aspects of a special theory. Issues of the optimization and procedural economy of criminal procedure based on benchmark theory are related to the release of a person from criminal liability and the use of alternative measures. New legal definitions are proposed that establish a clear mechanism for procedural, investigative (search), judicial actions in establishing, securing, evaluating evidence of guilt or innocence of a person. The existing legal constructions of general theories provide an impetus for the application of special theories of criminal procedure, which are associated with solving the problems of criminal proceedings, its optimization, and procedural economy of applying criminal procedural repression. The current criminal procedural law does not fully define the concept of general and special theories of the procedure. The article proposes theoretical aspects and practical solutions to these emerging problematic issues. The basic concept of the article includes the analysis of general and special theories of criminal procedure, the determination of the provisions for its optimization and procedural economy on the basis of the unified content of criminal and procedural rules in establishing circumstances related to the closure of criminal proceedings, and the release of a person from criminal liability. Based on the analysis of the current criminal procedural legislation, the content of procedural repressions, which are determined on the basis of the procedural status of prosecution and the mechanism of their application with respect to a particular category of participants in criminal proceedings, is revealed.
Memory Wars in the East European Frontier: In Search of Research Methodology
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anikin Daniil A. , Linchenko Andrey A. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University; Lipetsk Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Within the framework of this article, the theoretical and methodological framework of the philosophical interpretation of the concept “memory wars” was analyzed. In the context of criticism of allochronism and the project of the politics of time by B. Bevernage, as well as the concept of the frontier by F. Turner, the space-time aspects of the content of memory wars were comprehended. The use of Bevernage's ideas made it possible to explain the nature of modern memory wars in Europe. The origins of these wars are associated with an attempt to transfer the Western European project of “cosmopolitan” memory, in which Western Europe turns out to be a kind of a “referential” framework of historical modernity, to the countries of Eastern Europe after 1989. The uncritical use of Western European historical experience as a “reference” leads to a superficial copying of the politics of memory, which runs counter to the politics of the time in Eastern Europe. In Eastern Europe, the idea of two totalitarianisms is presented as a single and internally indistinguishable era, and the politics of modern post-socialist states are based on the idea of a radical spatio-temporal distancing from their recent past. The article analyzes the issue of the specifics of the Eastern European frontier, the conditions for its emergence and the impact on modern forms of implementation of the politics of memory. The frontier arises as a result of the collapse of the colonial empires and becomes a space of symbolic struggle, first between the USSR and Germany, and then between the socialist and capitalist blocs. The crisis of the globalist project of the politics of memory and the transfer of the German model of victimization to the territory of the Eastern European frontier leads to the competition of sacrificial narratives and the escalation of memorial conflicts, turning into full-fledged memory wars. The hybrid nature of the antagonistic politics of memory in the conditions of the frontier leads to the fact that not only the socialist past, but also the national trauma of individual states becomes the subject of memory wars. The increasing complexity of the mnemonic structure of the frontier is associated with the emergence of a number of unrecognized states, whose memory politics, in contrast to the national discourses of Eastern European states, is based on a synthesis of the Soviet legacy and individual elements of the imperial past.
Asceticism and Foolishness of Christ in Friedrich Nietzsche's Philosophy
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Faritov Vyacheslav T.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the phenomena of asceticism and foolishness for Christ in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. The author substantiates the thesis that asceticism and foolishness for Christ are subjects of Nietzsche's philosophical reflections. The author also shows that the figures of the ascetic and the holy fool also act as “conceptual characters” of Nietzsche's philosophizing. The author suggests that Nietzsche himself felt a tendency towards self-identification with these characters and therefore tried to “dis-identify”, which he did not always succeed in. The article concludes that Nietzsche's position in relation to asceticism is ambiguous and internally contradictory. The philosopher exposed and criticized ascetic ideals, but this criticism is also directed at himself. Nietzsche himself, his character and way of thinking reveal a significant degree of kinship with ascetic views. Therefore, Nietzsche's criticism of asceticism is in many ways an attempt to overcome the ascetic in himself. For this task, Nietzsche appeals not only to the figures of an atheist and a pagan, but also to the image of a jester, a holy fool. The author substantiates the idea that one of the main distinguishing features of the holy fool's lifestyle is that he does not seem to be what he really is. A real fool, a real insane person is not a holy fool. The holy fool undertakes the feat of appearing to be a fool or insane, while he himself is not. In this way, the holy fool renounces the world and himself in the world, the state when his behavior corresponded to the norms and criteria of this world. Thus, a view of the world from a reverse perspective is achieved. Something close to this mode of thought and behavior is found in Nietzsche's philosophy. His philosophizing is deeply personal, but, at the same time, he constantly does not show the reader who he really is. Nietzsche's style is a constant play with masks and disguises. As a result of the study, the author concludes that Nietzsche's position in the history of European philosophy can be characterized as foolishness for Christ. His doctrine is formed during the crisis of European metaphysics and is the self-awareness of this crisis. Belief in reason, in the ability to comprehend God in terms of reason, characteristic of Western philosophy, is denied. This conviction in the omnipotence of reason was criticized already in Kantian philosophy, but criticized by means of reason itself. This was the peculiar “cunning of reason”, which, having preserved itself as a tool of criticism, subsequently triumphed in Hegel's philosophy. The claim of reason to absolute significance cannot be refuted by means of reason itself. Nietzsche understood this. He realized that breaking the impasse in which Western metaphysics found itself thanks to the deification of reason requires a completely different path.
MESLEK LİSELERİ ZORUNLU MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: TÜRKİYE VE FİNLANDİYA
Authors: TINAZTEPE Gültekin , KEMALİ Serap , SEZER EVCAN Sinem
Published: December 2021

Günümüz sanayisinin kullandığı teknoloji, alanına özgü eğitimle bir işgücünün mesleğe katılımını zorunlu hâle getirmiştir. Geçmişte sadece kas gücüne ihtiyaç duyan sanayi sektörleri bile bilgisayar programları, internetin kullanımı, küresel ticaret ve teknoloji transferinin de hızlanmasıyla şimdi alanında iyi eğitimli bireylerin istihdamına gereksinim duymaktadır. Ülkemizde bu eğitimi veren temel örgün ortaöğretim kurumları Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Liseleridir. Bu okullarda kazanımı hedeflenen mesleki yeterlilikler, parçaları bir araya getirme, analiz etme, yeni fikirler ortaya atma ve mevcutları sentezleme gibi yeteneklere sahip olmayı gerektirmektedir. Bir taraftan bu yetilerin kazandırılması, diğer taraftan mesleki kuramların öğretilmesindeki gereklilikler matematik dersinin öğretimini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Meslek liselerinin birçok farklı programı içermesi ve her birinin farklı matematik içeriği gereksinimi, verilen matematik dersinin içeriğini belirlemeyi güçleştirmektedir. Bu noktada eğitim alanında gelişmiş ülkelerin mesleki eğitim sistemlerini incelemek ve bunlarda verilen matematik ders içeriğini incelemek yararlı olabilir. Bu çalışmada, Finlandiya ile Türkiye'nin örgün ortaöğretim meslek okulları zorunlu matematik dersi öğretim programı incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Finlandiya ve Türkiye’de ilgili kurulların meslek okulları için önerdikleri program üzerinden yapılan bir yatay karşılaştırmalı eğitim çalışmasıdır. Bu çalışma sonucunda iki programın büyük oranda örtüştüğü, Türkiye’de uygulanan öğretim programı daha kapsamlı iken Finlandiya’nın daha temel düzey öğretim programı uyguladığı ve Finlandiya’nın hesap makinesi kullanımını bir yeterlilik olarak istediği görülmüştür.
HOW ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTORS COPED WITH THE ONSET OF THE PANDEMIC AND REMOTE LANGUAGE TEACHING: A CASE STUDY
Authors: ERKAN Gokce , BALBAY Seher
Published: December 2021

This paper reports on the emergency remote education period of the instructors at the School of Foreign Languages of a Turkish state university. The university the study was conducted in, along with all other higher education institutions in Turkey, switched to online education with the sudden spread of the COVID 19 pandemic. To evaluate how the instructors dealt with this sudden transition, 110 participants teaching at the School of Foreign Languages completed an online survey at the end of the emergency remote education academic semester. Thereafter 24 of them volunteered to be interviewed about their experiences in more detail. The findings reveal that most instructors had some apprehension and difficulty in making the transition to online teaching, yet still considered themselves competent in dealing with the unexpected and unprepared teaching medium. Many thought the experience had been valuable to their personal development and referred to aspects of online education that will be integral to their professional development. It was observed that the instructors also repeatedly expressed that they perceived the experience as one that interaction among colleagues benefitted them most both in developing their digital skills and in providing them with psychological support.
ORTAOKUL MATEMATİK DERS KİTAPLARINDA BULUNAN PROBLEM KURMA ETKİNLİKLERİNİN ULUSLARARASI DÜZEYDE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: MERSİN Nazan , KILIÇ Çiğdem
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada Türkiye, Singapur ve Kanada matematik ders kitaplarında bulunan problem kurma etkinliklerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Doküman analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada öncelikle ders kitaplarında bulunan problem kurma etkinlikleri belirlenmiş sonrasında ise bu etkinlikler türlerine, öğrenme alanlarına ve alt öğrenme alanlarına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Problem kurma etkinliklerinin üç ülkenin ders kitapları arasında en fazla Kanada en az Singapur ders kitaplarında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte yarı yapılandırılmış türde problem kurma etkinliklerinin diğer iki türe göre ayrıca Kanada ders kitaplarında daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrenme alanları açısından üç ülkenin de en fazla sayılar ve işlemler öğrenme alanında problem kurma etkinliğine sahip olduğu buna karşın hiçbir ülkenin ders kitabının olasılık öğrenme alanıyla ilgili problem kurma etkinliği içermediği anlaşılmıştır. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde üç ülkenin de problem kurma etkinliklerine yeterince yer vermediği, var olan etkinliklerin de türlerine, öğrenme alanlarına ve alt öğrenme alanlarına göre dengeli bir dağılım göstermediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle kitap yazarlarına problem kurma etkinliklerine yeterince ve nitelikli olarak yer vermeleri gerektiği konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
8. SINIF MATEMATİK KONULARINA GÖRE TÜRKİYE, SİNGAPUR VE ABD MATEMATİK DERS KİTAPLARININ İÇERİK VE GÖRSELLİK AÇISINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ATA ÖZER Aslıhan , YAMAN Hakan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada uluslararası sınavlarda başarı düzeyi yüksek olan Singapur ile başarı düzeyi orta sıralarda yer alan ABD’nin matematik ders kitapları ile Türkiye’nin 8. sınıf ders kitaplarının MEB Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programı (İlkokul ve Ortaokul 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar)’ında yer alan 8. sınıf kazanımları baz alınarak içerik ve görsellik açısından kıyaslanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma doküman analizi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikli olarak ülkelerin matematik öğretim programlarının uyumuna bakılmış, ABD ile Türkiye’nin öğretim programlarının daha uyumlu olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kitapların organizasyonuna ilişkin öğrenme alanlarının sayfa sayıları karşılaştırılmış ve sayılar öğrenme alanına en fazla ABD’nin, Geometri ve ölçme alanına Türkiye’nin diğer iki ülkeden daha fazla yer verdiği, Cebir ile İstatistik ve Olasılık öğrenme alanlarına ise Singapur’un ABD ve Türkiye’den daha fazla yer ayırdığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Her üç ülkenin de ders kitaplarının iç tasarımları ayrı ayrı incelenmiş, farklılık ve benzerlikler bulunmuştur. Sayılar öğrenme alanında Türkiye ve ABD çözümlü örneği diğer yaklaşımlardan fazla kullanırken, Singapur en çok keşfetmeyi kullanmıştır. Geometri ve ölçme alanında her üç ülke de çözümlü örneğe fazlaca yer verirken, Cebir ile İstatistik ve Olasılık öğrenme alanlarında Singapur keşfetme yaklaşımını daha fazla kullanmıştır. Türkiye matematik ders kitabında çözümlü örnek sayısı en fazla iken Singapur matematik ders kitabında çözümlü örnek sayısı en az, toplam gösterim sayılarına bakıldığında ise gösterimlerin en fazla Türkiye’de kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Ancak Türkiye matematik ders kitaplarında ilişkisiz gösterim sayısının da fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durumun anlam karmaşasına ya da yersiz görsel yoğunluğa neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca ilişkili gösterimlerin yoğunluklarına bakıldığında Singapur kitaplarının daha sade Türkiye ve ABD kitaplarında görsellerin daha yoğun olduğu görülmüştür.
Account of a Foretold Death: Analysing the Response to the Pandemic in Spanish Schools
Authors: Chabert Alicia
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on education, not only due to its dramatic interruption of the school year (2019-2020) but also its potential effect on many aspects regarding teaching in the future. In particular, focusing on Spain, this year’s events have also highlighted the lack of digital resources and preparedness of the schools, which has resulted in some difficulties when adapting to the new circumstances. In this paper, the author will start by explaining how the digital competence has developed into an indispensable competence for learning in the past decade, which the current global pandemic has emphasised even more. As a consequence of this pandemic, schools and education centres remained closed from March 2020 to the end of the academic year in Spain. This article focuses on the importance of technology accessibility and digital competence in language learning, as well as the way it was overlooked in practice. The immediate response from the Ministry of Education will be analysed and compared to the way teachers and schools in the Valencian region (Spain) supported the students during the enforced lockdown in the last trimester of the academic year in primary school. For this, teachers in four schools in Castellon (Valencian region) were interviewed, and drawing from their replies, the current reality of the use of technology in primary school will be examined and compared to the national guidelines and frameworks provided for educators. Questionnaires were used and analysed using a qualitative approach, while comparing the current situation to the expected response according to the educative guidelines.
A Telecollaboration Project on Giving Online Peer Feedback: Implementing a Multilateral Virtual Exchange During a Pandemic
Authors: Ennis Michael Joseph , Verzella Massimo , Montanari Silvia , Sendur Agnieszka M. , Simeonova Pissarro Marieta , Kaiser Staci , Wimhurst Andrew
Published: December 2021

Telecollaboration, also called virtual exchange or online intercultural exchange, is a form of collaborative learning whereby language learners in different locations engage in computer-mediated communication to complete tasks online. There is ample evidence that telecollaboration promotes the acquisition of language skills, intercultural competence, and digital literacies. Challenges faced implementing virtual exchanges include differences in time zones, learning objectives, academic calendars, and cultural attitudes. The present article describes a case of a multilateral telecollaboration project based on the facilitated dialogue model involving four institutions—two in Europe and two in the United States—that was designed to prepare students for the experience of giving online peer feedback on collaborative writing assignments. Our initial goal was to explore the challenges students would face and the benefits they would receive from a complex telecollaboration project involving multiple institutions and two task sequences: 1) input and reflection on giving and receiving peer feedback, 2) completion of the collaborative writing task to be peer reviewed. However, new challenges and opportunities emerged after the switch to emergency e-learning and remote teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. Relying upon multiple data sources—including correspondence, observations, class discussions, surveys, reflective writing, and information stored in virtual learning environments—our methods of data collection involved convenience sampling, while data analysis was predominantly descriptive. Our results demonstrate that even during a global pandemic, students and instructors face similar logistical challenges and reap similar benefits as has been reported in the literature. Yet our experience also reveals the resiliency of telecollaboration in the face of extreme disruption as well as the potential to exploit virtual exchange to develop learning strategies—such as methods for giving and receiving peer feedback—and meta-awareness of how language is used in the real-world—such as the implications of English as a lingua franca.
Language Education in Emergencies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thumvichit Athip , Varaporn Savika , Tuvachit Vorakorn
Published: December 2021

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, education systems around the globe suspended on-site classes and transitioned instruction to various remote environments, creating a distinctive context for teaching and learning. This systematic review brings together the available research in language education within the current emergency setting to examine the state of affairs, as well as the situation’s inherent challenges and opportunities for language learners and teachers. A total of 38 studies were collected to reflect the current trend, with 16 of these in-depth reviewed. Research focusing on learners was dominant. Most research was conducted at the tertiary level. The studies highlighted digital tools that are capable of engaging language learners in an interactive learning experience, though they are unable to replace face-to-face instruction. Outside-of-class support such as extra channels of communication, self-access language learning (SALL) materials, and advising in language learning (ALL) were all found to complement remote learning. It is recommended that teachers try to retain their teaching principles and put them into practice regardless of the abrupt transition. Teachers’ wellbeing can be promoted when teachers accept the changes and see them as opportunities.
Valoración de los docentes de la presencia de los museos de ciencias en Internet
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, Robles-Moral Francisco Javier
Published: December 2021

Science museums are conducive places for the development of teaching and learning,through the participation of visitors in the activities and exhibitions offered by these centers. But,the experience in these centers does not end or begin with the physical visit, but there is acontinuation of the experience through the Internet, either through web pages or social networks.This work has focused on analyzing the assessment made by teachers of the presence of Spanishscience museums on the Internet, from the perspective of education. It has been possible to verifywhich are the channels used by the different science museums on the net, as well as which are thedidactic resources offered by these centers. The websites and social media profiles of 37 sciencemuseums were analyzed and 519 professors were asked about their assessment of the Internetpresence of science museum centers. Allowing to establish that the relationship between sciencemuseums and their presence on the Internet, for teachers, has a marked educational character,based on the availability of educational tools
Interacción social de universitarios colombianos y españoles en medios sociales y perfiles predominantes
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo, Del Moral-Pérez María Esther , Guzmán-Duque Alba Patricia ,   Unidades Tecnológicas del Santander, Carmen Bellver-Moreno María del Carmen ,   Universidad de Valencia
Published: December 2021

University students interact and communicate using social media (SM) and developonline activities that define their profiles as users. This research investigates the uses of SM madeby Colombian and Spanish students (N=501) to interact socially, while identifying their profilesassociated with the activities they perform. A quantitative methodology of a descriptive nature isadopted, with a subsequent analysis of variance confirming the existence of statisticallysignificant differences depending on the variables gender, age and nationality. The results showthat university students stand out above their peers by having a greater presence, social activityand involvement in the SM, frequently perform tasks of updating their status, publishingmessages, comments, videos or photographs, sending messages, visiting and valuing otherpeople's accounts. This helps to outline profiles as creators and critics, and on the contrary, theirpeers adopt collector and viewer profiles. Heterogeneous profiles associated with age related tothe interests of university students are observed. By nationality, there are differences in thewidespread use of certain SM and in user profiles. Spaniards stand out for being creators andspectators, and Colombians prioritize creative and critical profiles. The SM establish their ownformulas of expression, so university students should choose those that best fit their objectives
THE PROSPECTS OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE IN THE POSTPANDEMIC WORLD
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Sevriukov D.
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the study of the features of the trajectory of changes of sovereignty of the State under current crisis conditions caused by the pandemic COVID19, which shape its future prospects. The research paradigms of biopower (M. Foucault), state of emergency (K. Schmitt, J. Agamben) are used in the work, allowing not to limit the subject of study to legal positivist forms and focuses on interdisciplinary scientific research. The processes of globalization, which led to increased interdependence between countries, the opening of borders, integration and competition of markets, capital mobility, contributed to the actualization of discourses on "erosion" and even "loss" of State sovereignty. Regional European integration also puts pressure on the sovereignty of Member States. However, the transfer some of the power to supranational structures is not a renunciation of sovereignty, but an act of sovereign self-restraint. The redistribution of authority is carried out through coordinated decisions, that correspond to the basic idea of integration, and is used primarily to optimize the implementation of public functions, to achieve a certain quality status sufficient to accoplish social goals. With the onset of the pandemic crisis, the relative openness and transparency of the globalized and integrated world face a new reality, that strengthens the sovereignty of regulatory decisions of public authorities on the governance of people and territory. If public health in the long-term state of emergency remains a priority for the state, the consequences of the "new normality" may be the devaluation of the rule of law, which originally aims at protecting individual rights and freedoms, replacing established rules with temporary regulations. Extreme necessity justifies the use of disciplinary coercive measures, increased control over the population, the introduction of restrictions and other innovations. The combination of emergency security and state biopolitics legitimizes the priority of public interests over private ones and the use of exceptional sovereign solutions to overcome threats. Emergency governance shapes management technology, which has legal forms but can mimic law in the context of its idea. The growth of authoritarian tendencies in public administration, legal guarantees and protection of human rights, freedoms, fundamental democratic principles, the relationship between freedom and security determine the prospects for further research.
THE CONTENT AND STATE OF LEGISLATIVE CONSOLIDATION OF THE LEGAL CATEGORY OF "FINANCIAL RESOURCES" AND ITS ELEMENTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Iakymchuk N.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the work is to clarify the content and state of legislative consolidation of the legal category "financial resources" and its elements in Ukraine. To the research methodology belong: general scientific and special methods of cognition, in particular, system-structural, dialectical, formal-logical, and comparative-legal methods. The characteristic of the maintenance and forms of financial resources is given. It was found that the category of "financial resources" is the basic criterion for distinguishing funds from other types of resource funds (property, information, natural, labor, etc.), which achieve a certain goal, and their value is determined in cash (in national or in foreign currency). The paper distinguishes between the concepts of "funds" and "financial resources" as a form to which the relevant legal regime applies, and its substantive, essential content. The main component of financial resources should be recognized as financial assets – funds, securities, debt obligations and the right to claim debts that are not classified as securities. It is emphasized that "funds" is the main type of financial assets, a legal category, the definition of which, gives the differences in interpretation in various laws and needs to be improved. It is emphasized that the concepts of "financial resources" and "financial assets" are related as general and partial, because, firstly, financial assets do not include such resources as bank metals and precious stones, and, secondly, we do not include to financial such resources, the value of which is determined in foreign currency (in cash), which can be assigned by the owner of the property right to the organization formed by him or transferred to the trust management of another authorized entity. As a result of the analysis, it is proposed to include currency values in terms of financial resources, the content and types of which are also missing a single position in the legislation (there is a narrow understanding in the Law of Ukraine. It is noted that in view of the realities of economic relations development it is proposed to include virtual assets. An important trend is that the legal regime of the fund,to which financial resources are mobilized, leads to the consolidation of such financial and legal concepts as "public funds", "budget funds", "public financial resources".
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BARRIERS OF TRANSITION FROM THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TECHNOLOGIES PILOT PHASE TO WIDESPREAD ADOPTION
Authors: Kuzmin P. S.
Published: December 2021

Nowadays business processes in industrial companies are undergoing significant changes under the influence of the trends of the fourth industrial revolution, and the pace and scale of the spread of digital technologies has significantly accelerated due to the coronavirus pandemic. The technological basis for the digital transformation of industrial companies is the industrial Internet of things, cloud computing and blockchain, the collection of big data and their subsequent analytics, machine learning technologies, digital twins, human-machine interaction, including virtual and augmented reality, robotics and automation.

Even though the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution can transform the activities of enterprises and increase their efficiency, today most of the projects do not move from the pilot stage to widespread implementation in the company. The purpose of this study is to identify and assess the main barriers that impede the successful implementation of digital technology implementation projects.

At the first stage of the study based on a review of domestic and foreign literature, as well as in-depth interviews with experts, groups of barriers were identified and verified that impede the implementation of digital technologies in industrial companies: economic and financial, managerial, competence, regulatory and technological barriers. Also, questionnaires were developed for the quantitative stage of the study.

At the second stage of the study, a quantitative assessment of the strength of the influence of barriers was carried out. The barriers with the greatest influence are lack of funds, the need to attract large amounts of funding, and insufficient support from the organization’s management. According to the analysis, the least significant barriers for companies include the complexity of introducing new technologies and the need to change the company’s business model.

At the end of the work, a list of proposals was developed to overcome the barriers to the transition from the stage of pilot implementation of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution to widespread implementation.
The role of antiphospholipid antibodies on the pathogenesis of habitual pregnancy loss
Authors: Arzhanova O. N. , Shliakhtenko T. N. , Selkov S. А. , Pluzhnikova T. А. , Tishkevitch О. V. , Fedorenko А. V. , Shapovalova E. A.
Published: December 2021

Clinical and anamnesis analysis as well as analysis of the course and outcome of the present pregnancy was performed on 595 patients with complicated obstetrical and gynecological history (COGH) habitual pregnancy loss, infertility, genital chronic processes. Control groupconsisted of 5O healthy women. Immunofluorescent analysis was used to reved antiphospholipid antibodies on blood plasma. Antiphospholipid antibodies were found in 42% of COGH women. No antiphospholipid antibodies were seen in the control group. In all patients of the studied groupthe course of pregnancy was accompanied with signs of threatened abortion, gestosis. 29% (p O, O1) patients had preterm labor and spontaneous abortion occurred in 18% (p O, O1) of cases. Perinatal mortality was 9, 8%4, 16.
Abortion pregnant: immunologycal and gormonale aspects
Authors: Samorodinova L. A. , Kormakowa T. L.
Published: December 2021

The object of the research is to study the condition of humoral and cellular immunity of pregnant women with imminent and incipient abortion, as well as study the gormonal function of suncitiotrophoblasts. The study of immune status of pregnant with abortion showed the considerable reduction of suppressor activity and increase of the activity jf immunity helper unit. After the completion of therapy, increase in suppressor activity was mentioned, as well as approach of laboratory figures to the ones of healthy pregnant women. The study revealed quick reduction of placental lactogen and beta-trophoblastic globulin of pregnant with abortion, retention of low figures of these hormones during the whole period of gestation process. These data should be considered as the appearance of placental deficiency.
Role of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora in the pregnancy loss development
Authors: Beriev I. V. , Kira E. F.
Published: December 2021

The pregnancy loss problem is topical for obstetrical practices nowadays. Last years investigations based on anaerobic bacteriology achievements have changed traditional aspects of these diseases microscopic etiology and in concordance with it on their diagnostics. The new data obtained assert disbiotical disturbances in vagina biological field in pregnancies have influenced on it. Representatives of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora have the main etiologic significance in it.

The present work aim was studying the role of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora in pregnancy loss.
Medico-social and demographical tendencies in forming of reproductive health
Authors: Kulavsky V. A. , Dautova L. A. , Kulavskv Е. V.
Published: December 2021

In the article the medico-social and demographical tendencies in forming of reproductive health are minutely considered. Among them there are: mass prevalence of little number of children in the family, postponement of the date of the first childs birth, increase of illegitimate birth rate and change of optimal reproductive age coefficients of women groups may be mentioned. Changes of reproductive conducthave the great significance in the organization of obstetric- gynaecological care. Methods of dispensary observation includingpsychological training of married couples for delivery demand perfection. Pregnancy and delivery conducting of women incoming the groups of high risk of maternal and perinatal pathology also expects attention.
Saint Petersburg centre of the unbearing pregnancy prophylactics and treatment, results of the scietific and practical activity
Authors: Kosheleva N. G. , Pluzhnikova T. A.
Published: December 2021

The results of the twelve-year work of the St. Petersburg Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Miscarriage (NB) have been summed up. During this time, 6755 women, 2856 pregnant women and 3899 non-pregnant women were observed at the Center. Women suffering from misdiagnosis received a comprehensive comprehensive examination, on the basis of which the prevention and treatment of NB was carried out. This made it possible for women with 1OO% loss of pregnancies in the past to achieve a decrease in the frequency of spontaneous abortions in 2OO1 to 7.6% and premature births to 2.7%.
VAHİY BAĞLAMINDA EDİMSÖZ EDİMLERİ VE DİL-DÜNYA ARASINDAKİ UYUMUN YÖNÜ
Authors: BAĞCI Okan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada vahiy bağlamında edimsöz edimlerinin kullanılmasının ele alınması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, ‘önerme merkezli’ vahiy anlayışı merkeze alınarak vahyin içeriğindeki ifadelerin özellikle Searle tarafından oluşturulmuş olan edimsöz edimi sınıflandırmasında nasıl konumlandırılabileceği irdelenmiş ve edimsöz edimleri arasındaki farklılıklardan biri olan ‘kelimeler ile dünyanın uyumunun yönü’ndeki farklılıklar değerlendirilmiştir. Söz konusu fark, ‘Dil ile dünya arasında bir uyumsuzluk olduğunda bu uyumsuzluğu gidermek için ne yapılmalıdır?’ sorusuna verilebilecek cevap açısından belirleyicidir. Bu farkı önemli kılan şey, vahyin içeriğindeki herhangi bir cümlenin ‘iddialar, savlayıcılar’ veya ‘yönlendiriciler’ sınıfında değerlendirilmesi sonucunda uyum yönünün değişmesi, dolayısıyla vahyin muhatabının dili dünyaya ya da dünyayı dile uydurmak gibi iki farklı tutumdan birini takınmak durumuyla karşı karşıya kalması olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, vahiy bağlamında edimsöz edimlerinin kullanımıyla beraber geliştirilebilecek bir yaklaşımın özellikle dil-dünya uyumunun yönü konusunda belirleyici olacağı ve olgular dünyasından hareketle dili yorumlamanın yanı sıra dilden yola çıkarak dünyaya müdahale etme seçeneğinin de zemininin oluşacağı ortaya konulmuştur.
The Influence of Positive Affect on Mental Health of Undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in the Context of Smoke-free Campus in Chinese Mainland
Authors: Yile Dong
Published: December 2021

In recent years, more and more young people from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have come to universities in Chinese Mainland for higher education. However, due to the differences in political, economic and cultural environment between Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and Chinese
Mainland, these young people have encountered psychological problems such as examination anxiety, interpersonal loneliness and lack of sense of meaning in life due to the related learning and life difficulties in Chinese mainland universities, which affect their growth and success. Many of
the students originally thought that smoking was used in a more secluded environment to relieve stress, psychological counseling and energy recovery, but in fact smoking brings more harm. In the creation of a smoke-free campus, a variety of measures are adopted to give full play to the positive
emotions of students to promote their mental health, which will help to achieve the creation of a smoke-free campus and share a healthy life on the campus. Based on the survey of a total of 658 undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in H University on their positive affect and mental
health, the following conclusions are drawn through data analysis: undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinese Mainland have positive affect at the upper-middle level, negative affect and overall affect at the lower-middle level; some undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and
Taiwan in Chinese mainland universities have middle-level mental health status and significant differences in grade and family relationship satisfaction; family relationship satisfaction has an important impact on students' emotional and mental health; the negative emotional performance and
mental health of senior students, science students and students with low family relationship satisfaction need more attention from educators. Correlation analysis shows that positive affect is positively correlated with health concerns, energy status, satisfaction and interest in life, mood
status, control of emotions and behaviors, relaxation and tension, and total score of mental health (P < 0.01). Regression analysis shows that positive affect has significant positive predictive effects on six factors in mental health, such as "health concerns", "satisfaction
and interest in life", "energy", "mental state", "control of emotions and behaviors", "relaxation and tension" and mental health. The enlightenment of this study lies in the suggestions that actions should be taken from the two levels of school
education and home-school combination to strengthen the cultivation of positive affect of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan undergraduates in Chinese mainland universities, so as to improve their mental health level.
Impact of the Cigarette Smoking on Athlete's Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Xiaogang Li , Di Geng , Lianlei Zhang
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Athletes' smoking is still an important issue in the field of competitive sports. At present, there are very few studies on Athletes' smoking. By reviewing the articles related to athletes' smoking, we explore the impact of smoking on Athletes' health, so as
to provide theoretical reference for the healthy development of athletes. Methods: We will use index words related to athletes and smoking to perform literature searches in the Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI),
China Science and Technology Journal Database and WanFang Database, to include articles indexed as of August 25, 2021, in English and Chinese. Results: 1. Cigarette smoking will cause lung function, cardiovascular system, nervous system and other organ damage of
athletes, resulting in chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, coronary heart disease, atherosclerotic heart disease, myocardial infarction and other diseases. 2. Cigarette smoking leads to the decline of athletes' physical resistance and immunity, training weakness and sports ability. 3. Cigarette
smoking seriously restricts the development of athletes' health and the improvement of sports performance. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is harmful to the health of athletes. Stay away from tobacco and quit smoking is the wisest choice for athletes to keep healthy
and improve their sports performance.