bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reiki Is Better Than Placebo and Has Broad Potential as a Complementary Health Therapy
Authors: McManus David E.
Published: September 2017

This study reviews the available clinical studies of Reiki to determine whether there is evidence for Reiki providing more than just a placebo effect. The available English-language literature of Reiki was reviewed, specifically for peer-reviewed clinical studies with more than 20 participants in the Reiki treatment arm, controlling for a placebo effect. Of the 13 suitable studies, 8 demonstrated Reiki being more effective than placebo, 4 found no difference but had questionable statistical resolving power, and only one provided clear evidence for not providing benefit. Viewed collectively, these studies provide reasonably strong support for Reiki being more effective than placebo. From the information currently available, Reiki is a safe and gentle “complementary” therapy that activates the parasympathetic nervous system to heal body and mind. It has potential for broader use in management of chronic health conditions, and possibly in postoperative recovery. Research is needed to optimize the delivery of Reiki.
Changes in the Width of the Tibiofibular Syndesmosis Related to Lower Extremity Joint Dynamics and Neuromuscular Coordination on Drop Landing During the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Okazaki Michie , Kaneko Masaaki , Ishida Yukisato , Murase Norio , Katsumura Toshihito
Published: September 2017

Background:

Many injuries of the lower extremities, especially the knee and ankle, occur during sports activity, and the incidence rate is higher in women than in men.

Hypothesis:

The hypothesis was that phases of the menstrual cycle affect the width of the tibiofibular syndesmosis during drop landing in healthy young women and that such changes at the tibiofibular joint also affect the dynamics and neuromuscular coordination of the lower extremities.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Participants included 28 healthy young women (mean age, 21.0 ± 0.8 years). Blood samples were collected to determine plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone immediately before the performance of the task: drop landing on a single leg from a 30-cm platform. Using ultrasonography, the distance between the tibia and the distal end of the fibula, regarded as the width of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, was measured in an upright position without flexion of the ankle. The peak ground-reaction force (GRF) on landing was measured using a force platform. The time to peak GRF (Tp-GRF) was measured as the time from initial ground contact to the peak GRF. Hip, knee, and ankle joint angles during the single-leg landing were calculated using a 3-dimensional motion analysis system. Muscle activities of the lower extremities were measured using surface electromyography.

Results:

The width of the tibiofibular syndesmosis was significantly greater in the luteal phase when compared with the menstrual, follicular, and ovulation phases (by 5%-8% of control). Also, during the luteal phase, the Tp-GRF was significantly shorter than in the follicular phase (by 6%); hip internal rotation and knee valgus were significantly greater than in the menstrual phase (by 43% and 34%, respectively); knee flexion was significantly less than in the menstrual and follicular phases (by 7%-9%); ankle dorsiflection was significantly less than in the follicular phase (by 11%); ankle adduction and eversion were significantly greater than in the menstrual and follicular phases (by 26%-46%, and 27%-33%, respectively); and activation of the gluteus maximus before landing was significantly lower than in the menstrual and follicular phases (by 20%-22%).

Conclusion:

The luteal phase appears to be associated with decreased strength and laxity of the ankle as well as lower extremity muscle activity in women. The changes presumably represent a greater risk for sports injuries.

Clinical Relevance:

The results of this study suggest that the luteal phase may be related to the greater incidence of lower extremity injuries in women.
The Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET): new directions in the management of tuberculosis
Authors: Bothamley Graham
Published: September 2017

The Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) is the largest clinical research organisation in Europe. Educational activities include the TBNET Academy and the European Advanced Course in Clinical Tuberculosis. Four of their publications are reviewed to show how the clinical management of tuberculosis is changing.

Key points

Most tuberculosis (TB) in contacts is found at their first visit.

In contacts of pulmonary TB patients, the likelihood of later TB is ≤3%.

Genetic tests can indicate when another antimycobacterial drug in the same class might be effective (e.g.rifabutin when there is rifampicin resistance or which injectable to choose).

The short-course “Bangladesh” regimen can only be rarely used in Europe.

Treatment completion in multidrug-resistant TB should not be included as a successful outcome.
The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) Network: bringing the world’s respiratory reference values together
Authors: Cooper Brendan G. , Stocks Janet , Hall Graham L. , Culver Bruce , Steenbruggen Irene , Carter Kim W. , Thompson Bruce Robert , Graham Brian L. , Miller Martin R. , Ruppel Gregg , Henderson John , Vaz Fragoso Carlos A. , Stanojevic Sanja
Published: September 2017

The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) Network has become the largest resource for reference values for routine lung function testing ever assembled. This article addresses how the GLI Network came about, why it is important, and its current challenges and future directions. It is an extension of an article published inBreathein 2013 [1], and summarises recent developments and the future of the GLI Network.

Key points

The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) Network was established as a result of international collaboration, and altruism between researchers, clinicians and industry partners. The ongoing success of the GLI relies on network members continuing to work together to further improve how lung function is reported and interpreted across all age groups around the world.

The GLI Network has produced standardised lung function reference values for spirometry and gas transfer tests.

GLI reference equations should be adopted immediately for spirometry and gas transfer by clinicians and physiologists worldwide.

The recently established GLI data repository will allow ongoing development and evaluation of reference values, and will offer opportunities for novel research.

Educational aims

To highlight the advances made by the GLI Network during the past 5 years.

To highlight the importance of using GLI reference values for routine lung function testing (e.g. spirometry and gas transfer tests).

To discuss the challenges that remain for developing and improving reference values for lung function tests.
Complete genome of Arthrobacter alpinus strain R3.8, bioremediation potential unraveled with genomic analysis
Authors: See-Too Wah-Seng , Ee Robson , Lim Yan-Lue , Convey Peter , Pearce David A. , Mohidin Taznim Begam Mohd , Yin Wai-Fong , Chan Kok Gan
Published: September 2017

Arthrobacter alpinus R3.8 is a psychrotolerant bacterial strain isolated from a soil sample obtained at Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, close to the Antarctic Peninsula. Strain R3.8 was sequenced in order to help discover potential cold active enzymes with biotechnological applications. Genome analysis identified various cold adaptation genes including some coding for anti-freeze proteins and cold-shock proteins, genes involved in bioremediation of xenobiotic compounds including naphthalene, and genes with chitinolytic and N-acetylglucosamine utilization properties and also plant-growth-influencing properties. In this genome report, we present a complete genome sequence of A. alpinus strain R3.8 and its annotation data, which will facilitate exploitation of potential novel cold-active enzymes.
Complete genome sequence of the sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophic Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKTT
Authors: Jeon Wooyoung , Priscilla Lia , Park Gyuyeon , Lee Heeseok , Lee Narae , Lee Dongyup , Kwon Hyuksung , Ahn Iksung , Lee Changha , Lee Hongweon , Ahn Jungoh
Published: September 2017

A sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophic bacterium, Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKTT, isolated from hydrothermal sediments in Okinawa, Japan, has been used industrially for CO2 bio-mitigation owing to its ability to convert CO2 into C5H8NO4− at a high rate of specific mitigation (0.42 g CO2/cell/h). The genome of S. lithotrophicum 42BKTT comprised of a single chromosome of 2217,891 bp with 2217 genes, including 2146 protein-coding genes and 54 RNA genes. Here, we present its complete genome-sequence information, including information about the genes encoding enzymes involved in CO2 fixation and sulfur oxidation.
Treatment of chronic telogen effluvium with oral minoxidil: A retrospective study
Authors: Perera Eshini , Sinclair Rodney
Published: September 2017

Background: Chronic telogen effluvium (CTE) may be primary or secondary to various causes, including drug reaction, nutritional deficiency and female pattern hair loss (FPHL).  Oral minoxidil stimulates hair growth, and topical minoxidil is used in the treatment of FPHL and male androgenetic alopecia. minoxidil has not been used to treat CTE. This study aimed to assess the treatment of CTE with once daily oral minoxidil.

Methods: Women with a diagnosis of CTE based on >6 month history of increased telogen hair shedding, no visible mid frontal scalp hair loss (Sinclair stage 1) and no hair follicle miniaturization on scalp biopsy were treated with once daily oral minoxidil.  Hair shedding scores (HSS) at baseline, 6 and 12 months were analysed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test for pair-wise comparisons.

Results: Thirty-six women were treated with oral minoxidil (range, 0.25-2.5 mg) daily for 6 months.  Mean age was 46.9 years (range 20-83), HSS at baseline was 5.64, and duration of diagnosis was 6.55 years (range 1-27).  There was a reduction in mean HSS scores from baseline to 6 months of 1.7 (p<0.001) and baseline to 12 months of 2.58 (p<0.001). Five women who described trichodynia at baseline, noted improvement or resolution within 3 months.  Mean change in blood pressure was minus 0.5 mmHg systolic and plus 2.1 mmHg diastolic.  Two patients developed transient postural dizziness that resolved with continued treatment.  One patient developed ankle oedema.  Thirteen women developed facial hypertrichosis.  For 6 patients this was mild and did not require treatment; 4 had waxing of their upper lip or forehead; 3 had laser hair removal.  No patients developed any haematological abnormality.  All 36 women completed 12 months of treatment.

Conclusions: Once daily oral minoxidil appears to reduce hair shedding in CTE.  Placebo controlled studies are recommended to further assess this response.
An autoencoder-based neural network model for selectional preference: evidence from pseudo-disambiguation and cloze tasks
Authors: Kyröläinen Aki-Juhani , Luotolahti Juhani , Ginter Filip
Published: September 2017

Intuitively, some predicates have a better fit with certain arguments than others. Usage-based models of language emphasize the importance of semantic similarity in shaping the structuring of constructions (form and meaning). In this study, we focus on modeling the semantics of transitive constructions in Finnish and present an autoencoder-based neural network model trained on semantic vectors based on Word2vec. This model builds on the distributional hypothesis according to which semantic information is primarily shaped by contextual information. Specifically, we focus on the realization of the object. The performance of the model is evaluated in two tasks: a pseudo-disambiguation and a cloze task. Additionally, we contrast the performance of the autoencoder with a previously implemented neural model. In general, the results show that our model achieves an excellent performance on these tasks in comparison to the other models. The results are discussed in terms of usage-based construction grammar.Kokkuvõte. Aki-Juhani Kyröläinen, M. Juhani Luotolahti ja Filip Ginter: Autokoodril põhinev närvivõrkude mudel valikulisel eelistamisel. Intuitiivselt tundub, et mõned argumendid sobivad teatud predikaatidega paremini kokku kui teised. Kasutuspõhised keelemudelid rõhutavad konstruktsioonide struktuuri (nii vormi kui tähenduse) kujunemisel tähendusliku sarnasuse olulisust. Selles uurimuses modelleerime soome keele transitiivsete konstruktsioonide semantikat ja esitame närvivõrkude mudeli ehk autokoodri. Mudel põhineb distributiivse semantika hüpoteesil, mille järgi kujuneb semantiline info peamiselt konteksti põhjal. Täpsemalt keskendume uurimuses objektile. Mudelit hindame nii valeühestamise kui ka lünkülesande abil. Kõrvutame autokoodri tulemusi varem välja töötatud neurovõrgumudelitega ja tõestame, et meie mudel töötab võrreldes teiste mudelitega väga hästi. Tulemused esitame kasutuspõhise konstruktsioonigrammatika kontekstis.Võtmesõnad: neurovõrk; autokooder; tähendusvektor; kasutuspõhine mudel; soome keel
The Finnish logophoric pronoun hän: a quantitative approach
Authors: Priiki Katri
Published: September 2017

The paper examines the logophoric use of hän ‘he/she’ in contemporary Finnish conversation data. A logophoric pronoun is a device used in reported speech referring to the original speaker of a reported utterance. In informal spoken Finnish the pronoun hän is mostly used logophorically, even though in Standard Finnish, it is the regular third person personal pronoun. The paper approaches the logophoric function of hän from a new, quantitative viewpoint by examining the frequency of different aspects of the logophora. Based on the quantitative analysis of the data, the canonical construction of indirect speech seems to be the most typical context for the pronoun hän to occur, even though previous studies have claimed Finnish logophora semantic rather than structural. From the prototypical position the logophoric use spreads to reporting thoughts, interpreting feelings, and expressing the roles of the participants of the interaction.Kokkuvõte. Katri Priiki: Soome keele logofooriline asesõna hän: kvantitatiivne lähenemine. Artikkel käsitleb asesõna hän ‘tema, ta’ logofoorilist kasutamist tänapäeva soome kõnekeeles. Logofooriline asesõna on vahend, mida kasutatakse vahendatud kõnes selleks, et viidata vahendatud lausungi algsele kõnelejale. Soome kõnekeeles kasutatakse asesõna hän enamasti logofooriliselt, kuigi standardkeeles on see regulaarne kolmanda isiku isikuline asesõna. Artikkel käsitleb asesõna hän logofoorilist funktsiooni sageduse vaatepunktist. Kvantitatiivsest analüüsist ilmneb, et kanooniline vahendatud kõnet väljendav konstruktsioon on asesõna hän kasutamise kõige püsivam kontekst, vaatamata sellele, et varasemates uuringutes on logofoori soome keeles peetud pigem semantiliseks kui struktuurseks. Prototüüpsest vahendatud kõne kontekstist on logofooriline kasutus levinud ka mujale: seda kasutatakse mõtete esitamisel, tunnete tõlgendamisel ja suhtluses osalejate rollide väljendamisel.Võtmesõnad: logofoor; isikulised asesõnad; asesõnad; vahendatud kõne; kõnekeel; kolmas isik; soome keel
Expression of narrow focus in spontaneous Estonian dialogues
Authors: Sahkai Heete
Published: September 2017

Estonian offers several means for expressing narrow focus, including a choice between a syntactic strategy resulting in marked constituent order, and a prosodic strategy resulting in marked nuclear accent placement. The present study examines the usage of the different focus-marking strategies in spontaneous dialogues, with the primary aim of verifying the hypothesis that when either the syntactic or the prosodic strategy must be used, the prosodic strategy is preferred. The results show an overwhelming preference for keeping both the constituent order and the accent placement unmarked. In the relatively small number of cases where either the syntactic or the prosodic strategy must be chosen, a slight preference for the prosodic strategy can be observed. There also exists a minor strategy of focus fronting, whereby both the constituent order and the nuclear accent placement are marked; the role of this strategy requires further study.Kokkuvõte. Heete Sahkai: Kitsa fookuse väljendamine eestikeelses suulises dialoogis. Eesti keel võimaldab väljendada kitsast fookust muuhulgas nii moodustajajärje kui primaarse lauserõhu asukoha abil. Artiklis vaadeldakse kitsa fookuse väljendamist reisibüroo dialoogides peamise eesmärgiga kontrollida hüpoteesi, et suulises kõnes eelistatakse süntaktilisele fookuse väljendamisele prosoodilist. Tulemused näitavad tugevat eelistust lausungite suhtes, kus on samaaegselt nii markeerimata moodustajajärg kui ka markeerimata prosoodia. Juhtumeid, kus tuleb valida kas markeeritud moodustajajärg või markeeritud prosoodia, on suhteliselt vähe ning nende põhjal võib järeldada, et prosoodiline markeerimine on tõepoolest mõnevõrra eelistatud. Edasist uurimist nõuab andmestikus vähesel määral esindatud lausealguline fookus, mille puhul on markeeritud nii moodustajajärg kui primaarse lauserõhu asukoht.Võtmesõnad: fookus; moodustajajärg; lauserõhk; eesti keel
Managerial Incentives to Increase Risk Provided by Debt, Stock, and Options
Authors: Anderson Joshua D. , Core John E.
Published: September 2017

We measure a manager’s risk-taking incentives as the total sensitivity of the manager’s debt, stock, and option holdings to firm volatility. We compare this measure with the option vega and with the relative measures used by the prior literature. Vega does not capture risk-taking incentives from managers’ stock and debt holdings and does not reflect the fact that employee options are warrants. The relative measures do not incorporate the sensitivity of options to volatility. Our new measure explains risk choices better than vega and the relative measures and should be useful for future research on managers’ risk choices.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2811 .

This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
Disruption as a communicative strategy: The case of #FeesMustFall and #RhodesMustFall students’ protests in South Africa
Authors: Mpofu Shepherd
Published: September 2017

In 1994 South Africa became a miracle in the world of postcolonies as a newly independent ‘rainbow’ nation state. Apartheid was replaced by an informal but still identical system which I refer to as apartheid. Good governance, democracy, peace, civility and quiet are framed by the media and regarded by investors and political elite among others to be the preferred set-up of things. Using the rage in the #RhodesMustFall and #FeesMustFall student protests as data, I argue that disrupting the world as we know it in order to address the poor’s grievances is part and parcel of strategic and effective communication especially for the marginalized poor majority black people whose dreams remain deferred. This argument will be framed by questions around the current burdens of apartheid, the achievements of disruptive protests and the meaning, roles and behaviours of officialdom towards members and ideologies of Fallist movements.
Café Society
Authors: Martínez Gómez Eduardo , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: September 2017

Durante la década de los treinta del siglo XX, un joven judío llamado Bobby Dorfman abandona la seguridad familiar y laboral de su hogar en la ciudad de Nueva York para probar fortuna trabajando para su tío Phil Stern, afincado en Los Angeles como productor y agente de algunas de las más importantes estrellas de Hollywood. Phil encarga a su secretaria Vonnie que le enseñe a Bobby la ciudad y le explique los entresijos de la industria del cine estadounidense que, pese a su glamour, desagrada a la joven por su frivolidad. Con el tiempo ambos traban una sólida amistad que se ve puesta en tela de juicio cuando Bobby asume su amor por Vonnie, quien a su vez mantiene secretamente un romance con Phil, casado e incapaz de abandonar a su esposa. Un triángulo amoroso que a través de encuentros y desencuentros obligará a Bobby, y también a Vonnie, a madurar su visión sobre el amor, la importancia del paso del tiempo, y en ocasiones, la injusta irracionalidad de la pasión.
Multi-criteria supplier selection using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process: case study from a Brazilian railway operator
Authors: Santis Rodrigo Barbosa de , Golliat Leonardo , Aguiar Eduardo Pestana de
Published: September 2017

The supplier selection problem has been discussed in literature within the supply chain management subject and it is extremely important due to its impact on the entire supply chain configuration, strategy and performance. This work presents a decision model based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method and its application in a real case of maintenance supplier selection in a large Brazilian railway operator. Eight criteria were adopted - technical capacity, financial status, relationship, operations management, security management, infrastructure, historic performance and costs - for evaluating five potential suppliers. In the case study, both first and second ranked suppliers by the method have been selected by the company for providing the services and the model was adopted as a standard procedure within the organization for contracts over US$ 300,000.
Distribution of alkaloids in woody plants
Authors: Desgagné-Penix Isabel
Published: September 2017

Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing compounds found in plants. Most are highly valued for their role in wide array of ailments such as anti-malarial, anti-cancerous, analgesics, and many more. In lights of tremendous interest in recent years on the chemistry and pharmacological properties of alkaloids, comprehensive data have been collected. Forest industries have recently started to develop sustainable ways to increase the value of its residues including the extraction and commercialization of high-valued plant natural compounds such as alkaloids. This review presents the distribution of alkaloids among woody plants (trees and shrubs).
Hölder gradient estimates for a class of singular or degenerate parabolic equations
Authors: Imbert Cyril , Jin Tianling , Silvestre Luis
Published: September 2017

We prove interior Hölder estimates for the spatial gradients of the
viscosity solutions to the singular or degenerate parabolic equation

u_{t}=\lvert\nabla u\rvert^{\kappa}\operatorname{div}(\lvert\nabla u\rvert^{p-%
2}\nabla u),

where

{p\in(1,\infty)}

and

{\kappa\in(1-p,\infty)}

. This includes
the from

{L^{\infty}}

to

{C^{1,\alpha}}

regularity for parabolic
p-Laplacian equations in both divergence form with

{\kappa=0}

, and
non-divergence form with

{\kappa=2-p}

.
From Shame to Shaming: towards an Analysis of Shame Narratives
Authors: Kasabova Anita
Published: September 2017

This paper examines shame in three narratives involving the social self and the evaluative perception of that self. The semiotic square is used for analysing some of the conceptualizations of shame and highlighting the structural relations of the shame phenomenon in narrative. The stance of this paper is that shame is a moral emotion which results from two main evaluative perceptions, involving moral sentiment and social reputation. In support of this claim, different aspects of shame are analysed in three types of narratives from different socio-cultural contexts.
THz plasmonic resonances in hybrid reduced-graphene-oxide and graphene patterns for sensing applications
Authors: Mencarelli Davide , Nishina Yuta , Ishikawa Atsushi , Pierantoni Luca , Bellucci Stefano
Published: September 2017

In this contribution, we effectively combine important developments of nowadays technology: graphene based THz plasmonics, reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) based sensors, and capability of patterning graphene materials at micro and nano scale. Surface waves in graphene were observed for the first time only few years ago, confirming the ability of this exceptional material to support plasmons at relatively low frequencies - a few THz - due to its intrinsically huge selfinductance. On the other hand, graphene oxide, and its reduced forms, has emerged as a very interesting material for several applications, including gas sensors and biosensors. In this work, the possibility of a _ne and controlled patterning of the above materials is considered as a useful degree of freedom to govern plasmon resonances and consequent electromagnetic absorption. In particular, the excitation of THz plasmons in arrays of nanoribbons, made of graphene and rGO, has been deeply investigated, in order to quantify the sensitivity to surface changes of conductivity, due to possible external perturbations. Fullwave analysis of hybrid metal-graphene-rGO is also presented and discussed. The effects of substrate thickness and of higher diffraction modes are rigorously taken into account, as a possible mean to enhance the sensing capability of the proposed device.
Political Instability and Economic Growth in Egypt
Authors: Abdelkader Hossam Eldin Mohammed
Published: September 2017

This paper explores
Glycinergic Input to the Mouse Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons
Authors: Bardóczi Zsuzsanna , Pál Balázs , Kőszeghy Áron , Wilheim Tamás , Watanabe Masahiko , Záborszky László , Liposits Zsolt , Kalló Imre
Published: September 2017

The basal forebrain (BF) receives afferents from brainstem ascending pathways, which has been implicated first by Moruzzi and Magoun (1949) to induce forebrain activation and cortical arousal/waking behavior; however, it is very little known about how brainstem inhibitory inputs affect cholinergic functions. In the current study, glycine, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of brainstem neurons, and gliotransmitter of local glial cells, was tested for potential interaction with BF cholinergic (BFC) neurons in male mice. In the BF, glycine receptor α subunit-immunoreactive (IR) sites were localized in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-IR neurons. The effect of glycine on BFC neurons was demonstrated by bicuculline-resistant, strychnine-sensitive spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs; 0.81 ± 0.25 × 10−1Hz) recorded in whole-cell conditions. Potential neuronal as well as glial sources of glycine were indicated in the extracellular space of cholinergic neurons by glycine transporter type 1 (GLYT1)- and GLYT2-IR processes found in apposition to ChAT-IR cells. Ultrastructural analyses identified synapses of GLYT2-positive axon terminals on ChAT-IR neurons, as well as GLYT1-positive astroglial processes, which were localized in the vicinity of synapses of ChAT-IR neurons. The brainstem raphe magnus was determined to be a major source of glycinergic axons traced retrogradely from the BF. Our results indicate a direct effect of glycine on BFC neurons. Furthermore, the presence of high levels of plasma membrane glycine transporters in the vicinity of cholinergic neurons suggests a tight control of extracellular glycine in the BF.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBasal forebrain cholinergic (BFC) neurons receive various activating inputs from specific brainstem areas and channel this information to the cortex via multiple projections. So far, very little is known about inhibitory brainstem afferents to the BF. The current study established glycine as a major regulator of BFC neurons by (1) identifying glycinergic neurons in the brainstem projecting to the BF, (2) showing glycine receptor α subunit-immunoreactive (IR) sites in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-IR neurons, (3) demonstrating glycine transporter type 2 (GLYT2)-positive axon terminals synapsing on ChAT-IR neurons, and (4) localizing GLYT1-positive astroglial processes in the vicinity of synapses of ChAT-IR neurons. The effect of glycine on BFC neurons was demonstrated by bicuculline-resistant, strychnine-sensitive spontaneous IPSCs recorded in whole-cell conditions.
Degradabilidad ruminal de la alfalfa en la zona oriental del Valle Central de Costa Rica
Authors: Boschini Figueroa Carlos , Chacon-Hernandez Pablo
Published: September 2017

The objective of this work was to evaluate in dairy cows, the potential of ruminal degradability of four alfalfa (Medicago sativa) varieties developed in Argentina. The research was carried out in the Alfredo Volio Mata Experimental Station, located in the province of Cartago, Costa Rica; the area has a mean temperature of 17.9°C; a height of 1542 masl, and 1465.9 mm of rain evenly distributed between the months of May and November. Sampling was performed during 2014’s rainy season with ground level harvest of alfalfa, with samples of the varieties of Mora, Patricia, Victoria and Super Monarca, with harvest age of 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days; all samples were dried, minced and incubated by duplicate on two Jersey-Reyna ruminally fistulated cows, for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The results were analyzed through the Marquardt algorithm with the SAS software. Statical differences were only found between soluble fraction and degradation rate (p<0.05) according to harvest ages, with values of soluble, potentially degradable and degradation rate of 35.34%-44.65%, 36.46%-39.96% and 0.0734/h-0.1176/h, respectively. Likewise, effective degradability percentages of 59.06%-67.09%, with passage rates of 6%/h, according to harvest ages were obtained. Given the obtained results, the analyzed varieties of M. sativa showed a digestible forage, which could be used for the feeding of highly production animals.
OLHARES
Authors: De Paula Enio Freire
Published: September 2017

Apresentamos a resenha da obra:Kreinz, G.; Pavan, C.; Marcondes Filho, C. (2009). Divulgação Científica: Olhares. São Paulo: NJR-ECA/USP
AVALIAÇÃO EX POST DA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PROEJA NO IFBA CAMPUS SANTO AMARO (BA)
Authors: Flores Tânia Maria Dantas
Published: September 2017

A política pública PROEJA – Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos –EJA- objetiva oferecer oportunidade de estudos àqueles que não tiveram acesso ao ensino médio na idade regular, constitui-se numa política pública de inclusão social. O presente trabalho consiste numa avaliação ex post dessa política no IFBA - Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia – campus Santo Amaro – BA, curso Técnico em Segurança do Trabalho, com o objetivo de averiguar se e em que medida a sua execução favorece a inclusão socioeducacional do público da EJA, no sentido de contribuir para a integração sociolaboral desses cidadãos e cidadãs. Optamos pela corrente filosófica do materialismo histórico dialético, baseada nas ideias de Marx e Engels, cujas categorias teóricas são fundamentais para compreendermos as contradições inerentes ao processo histórico atual. Elegemos três categorias empíricas de análise: condições de acesso, permanência e conclusão do público-alvo. Aliamos dados quantitativos e qualitativos, coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com as testemunhas-chave da instituição e atividade de Grupo Focal com os estudantes. Constatamos que a forma como a política vem sendo executada consiste numa nova negação dos direitos denegados aos sujeitos da EJA. O objetivo é apontar as nuances que já se apresentam em termos de desvios, distorções, exclusão e negação de direitos devido ao modo de execução da política.
O financiamento da cultura no Brasil no período 2003-15: um caminho para geração de renda monopolista
Authors: Costa Camila Furlan da , Medeiros Igor Baptista de Oliveira , Bucco Guilherme Brandelli
Published: September 2017

Resumo Este artigo analisa o financiamento público da cultura no Brasil, a partir de um estudo longitudinal quantitativo dos projetos aprovados pelo Ministério da Cultura entre 2003 e 2015, com base teórica na categoria de renda monopolista oriunda da economia política. Os resultados evidenciaram que, mesmo com a modificação na concepção de cultura no plano governamental, há concentração de incentivadores e de proponentes que utilizam a Lei de Incentivo à Cultura (LIC) para a obtenção de recursos no fomento a projetos. Concluímos que a política pública de financiamento da cultura continua transferindo para o mercado a decisão de quais projetos serão financiados. O mercado, por sua vez, tende à geração de renda monopolista, por meio do uso do recurso público para a promoção de projetos culturais que interessam à imagem organizacional sob o monopólio de poucas produtoras e fundações.
Non-pharmacological interventions to promote the sleep of patients after cardiac surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Machado Fernanda de Souza , Souza Regina Claudia da Silva , Poveda Vanessa Brito , Costa Ana Lucia Siqueira
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze evidence available in the literature concerning non-pharmacological interventions that are effective to treat altered sleep patterns among patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Method: systematic review conducted in the National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scopus, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PsycINFO databases, and also grey literature. Results: ten controlled, randomized clinical trials were included in this review. Non-pharmacological interventions were grouped into three main categories, namely: relaxation techniques, devices or equipment to minimize sleep interruptions and/or induce sleep, and educational strategies. Significant improvement was found in the scores assessing sleep quality among studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise, and educational strategies. In regard to the studies’ methodological quality, high quality studies as established by Jadad scoring were not found. Conclusion: significant improvement was found among the scores assessing sleep in the studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise and music, and educational strategies.
Echinodermata associated to rhodoliths from Seixas Beach, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Prata Jessica , Costa Dimitri Araujo , Manso Cynthia Lara de Castro , Crispim Maria Cristina , Christoffersen Martin Lindsey
Published: September 2017

Abstract This study presents the species of echinoderms found inside rhodolith branches from Seixas Beach, State of Paraíba, Brazil, during one year of rhodolith sampling. A total of 64 specimens were analyzed and identified into 12 species, belonging to 11 genera, eight families and three classes. Brief taxonomic descriptions, figures and ecological notes for recorded species are provided. Ophiuroidea and Holothuroidea were the most representative taxa. Biogenic structures are an important habitat for young specimens and some small species of Echinodermata. Some species complete their life cycle in these structures, while others spend part of their life in these substrates and may also migrate to other habitats. The work complements the knowledge of echinoderm biodiversity from Northeastern of Brazil and aims to support future projects of protection and sustainable management of this area.
AGRO-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE INTERCROPPING OF CARROT X COWPEA-VEGETABLE UNDER DIFFERENT SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS AND POPULATION DENSITIES
Authors: RIBEIRO GIORGIO MENDES , BEZERRA NETO FRANCISCO , LIMA JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE , SILVA MAIELE LEANDRO DA , BARROS JÚNIOR AURÉLIO PAES , SANTOS ELIZANGELA CABRAL DOS
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping of carrot with cowpea-vegetable under different spatial arrangements and population densities in the semi-arid conditions of the Brazilian Northeast. The study was conducted at the "Rafael Fernandes" Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA) during the period July 2013 to February 2014. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with four replications and treatments arranged in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme, where the first factor consisted of spatial arrangements (2:2; 3:3 and 4:4) and the second factor by population densities of cowpea-vegetables (100, 80, 60 and 40% of the recommended population in sole crop [RPSC]). All treatments were fertilized with roostertree (Calotropis procera [Ait.] R.Br.), which is a spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome. The indices of agronomic efficiency of the intercropping systems assessed were: land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index and score of the canonical variable. The following economic indicators were also evaluated: gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. The agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping system of carrot with cowpea- vegetable was influenced by the spatial arrangements, with the 2:2 arrangements standing out from the others. The greatest agro-economic efficiency of the intercropping of carrot with cowpea-vegetable was obtained in the population density of 100% of the RPSC when the value of the productive efficiency index was 0.75.
COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF BEAN CULTIVARS WITH HAIRY BEGGARTICKS
Authors: GALON LEANDRO , TREVISOL RICARDO , FORTE CESAR TIAGO , TIRONI SIUMAR PEDRO , REICHERT JÚNIOR FRANCISCO WILSON , RADUNZ ANDRÉ LUIZ
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Weed interference is a factor that limits the productivity of beans and, among these, hairy beggarticks is one of the main species competing with the crop for environmental resources. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the competitive ability of black bean cultivars (BRS Campeiro, IPR Uirapuru, SCS204 Predileto and BRS Supremo) in the presence of a biotype of hairy beggarticks. The experimental design is a completely randomized block with four replications. Treatments were arranged in a replacement series, consisting of a proportion of the crop and the hairy beggarticks: 100:0; 75:25; 50:50: 24:75, and 0:100, which corresponds to 40:0, 30:10, 20:20, 10:30, and 0:40 plant pots1. We accomplished competitive analysis through diagrams applied to the replacement series, as well as using relative competitive indices. The leaf area and shoot dry mass were evaluated at 40 days after emergence of the species. There was competition between bean cultivars and hairy beggarticks for the same environmental resources, causing negative interference in the growth of the species, independent of the proportion of plants. Bean cultivars had a lower relative loss by reducing the morphological variables of the hairy beggarticks, thereby demonstrating superiority in its competitive ability in relation to the weed. Interspecific competition is less damaging than intraspecific competition for both species.
WEED INTERFERENCE IN EGGPLANT CROPS
Authors: MARQUES LUIZ JUNIOR PEREIRA , BIANCO SILVANO , CECÍLIO FILHO ARTHUR BERNARDES , BIANCO MATHEUS SARAIVA , LOPES GISLANE DA SILVA
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Uncontrolled weed growth interferes with the growth eggplants and crop yields. To control weeds, the main weed species must be identified in crop growing areas and during weed control periods, as weed species might vary in relation to management practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the main weed species and determine the periods of weed interference in the eggplant cultivar Nápoli when grown under certain cultural practices, including plant staking and sprout thinning. The experiment was carried out in 2014 using a randomized complete block design, with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of 11 periods of (1) increasing weed control and (2) increasing coexistence of eggplant with weeds from the first day of transplanting (0-14, 0-28, 0-42, 0-56, 0-70, 0-84, 0-98, 0-112, 0-126, 0-140, and up do day 154). Eggplant staking and sprout thinning were performed 42 days after transplanting (DAT). Weed identification and crop yield assessments were performed to determine the Period Before Interference (PBI), Total Period of Interference Prevention (TPIP), and the Critical Period of Interference Prevention (CPIP). The major weeds found in the eggplant cultivar Nápoli were Eleusine indica, Portulaca oleracea, and Cyperus rotundus. Coexistence between the weed community and the eggplant throughout the entire crop production cycle reduced eggplant fruit yield by 78%. The PBI was 29 DAT and the TPIP was 48 DAT, resulting in 19 days of CPIP.
ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES OF COVARIANCE AND REPEATABILITY IN GUAVA SEGREGANTING POPULATION
Authors: QUINTAL SILVANA SILVA RED , VIANA ALEXANDRE PIO , CAMPOS BIANCA MACHADO , VIVAS MARCELO , AMARAL JÚNIOR ANTONIO TEIXEIRA DO
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the covariance structure and repeatability estimates of the variables related to guava productivity, such as fruit weight (FW), fruit number (FN) and fruit production (FP) of three harvests, in 95 genotypes of a segregating population. The study also aims to choose the most appropriate covariance structure of the observations within the same individual by means of AIC (Akaike's Information Criterion) and SBC (Schwarz's Bayesian Criterion) criteria. A covariance structure between repeated measures could be incorporated into the statistical model, with the self-regression and compound symmetry forms being the most adequate. The values of repeatability coefficients obtained for FW (0.25), FN (0.14), and FP (0.29) were considered low, indicating that the three harvests were not sufficient to select the best individuals with greater accuracy for the study population. For the variables PF and FP, estimates of accuracy around 0.50 could be obtained from five measurements, while for the variable FN more harvests would be necessary. These values indicate that in guava-segregating populations, evaluations in the first harvests are not enough to select more stable genotypes for the variables considered in this study.
PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL AFTER SWINE WASTEWATER APPLICATION AS COVER FERTILIZER ON MAIZE CROP AND BLACK OATS SEQUENCE
Authors: PACHECO FÁBIO PALCZEWSKI , NÓBREGA LÚCIA HELENA PEREIRA , TONINI MICHELLE , SPIASSI ARIANE , ROSA DANIELLE MEDINA , CRUZ-SILVA CLÁUDIA TATIANA DE ARAÚJO DA
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT The rate of swine wastewater application (SW) in agricultural production could result in the replacement of chemical fertilizers. However, SW destroys soil physical properties by decreasing pore bulk, which negatively affects both crop yield and development. In this context, this study aimed at monitoring the influence of swine wastewater as a cover fertilizer in maize and black oats in sequence on soil physical properties. Five application rates (0, 100, 200, 300 and 537 m3ha - 1 equivalent to 0, 11.2, 22.3, 33.5 and 60 kg ha-1 N, respectively, based on the average nitrogen concentration in SW) were tested with four replications each. In the studied area, soil porosity, density, and water content, before maize sowing and at the end of the cycles of maize and black oats, were determined by the volumetric ring method. Data were submitted for regression analyses. There was a reduction in the macroporosity and total porosity of the soil when the SW application rate, before maize cultivation, was higher. The introduction of black oats helped to improve the physical quality of the soil and reduced the compaction of the surface layer from 0 to 15 cm and 100 to 300 m3 ha-1 SW rates.
SELECTION OF Plutella xylostella (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE) TO CHLORFENAPYR RESISTANCE: HERITABILITY AND THE NUMBER OF GENES INVOLVED
Authors: LIMA NETO JACONIAS ESCÓCIO , SIQUEIRA HERBERT ÁLVARO ABREU DE
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT The Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a worldwide pest of Brassicaceae. Resistance has evolved against various insecticides including chlorfenapyr one of the most recently registered molecules to control this pest. The failure of chlorfenapyr to control this pest could be related to resistance in P. xylostella in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil), but there is currently no information on its heritability. Here, we estimated the heritability of resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr and the number of genes involved in the resistance in a field-derived population (PxClf-SEL). A field population was selected in the laboratory with increasing doses of chlorfenapyr (for five generations), and the LC50s were estimated for every generation using the leaf dip bioassay. The selection increased resistance to chlorfenapyr in the PxClf-SEL as the LC50 shifted from 27.6 (F1) to 256.5 (F5) mg chlorfenapyr/L. As a result, the resistance ratio (RR) increased from 33-fold (F1) to 310-fold (F5). The heritability of resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr was 0.90 (h2), and the number of generations needed for a 10-fold increase in the resistance to chlorfenapyr was 5.20 (G). Other methods have shown different numbers of genes (0.64 and 1.88) involved in resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr. There was sufficient variation regarding resistance in the field population to account for a high realized heritability influenced mainly by additive genetic factors. Therefore, there is a high risk of chlorfenapyr resistance in the field.
Mapping the implementation of the rapid HIV test in the Family Health Strategy: the nurses' perspective
Authors: Silva Ilisdayne Thallita Soares da , Valença Cecília Nogueira , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: To analyze the implementation of the rapid HIV test in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) from the perspective of nurses. Method: A qualitative study was performed with 13 FHS nurses between March and June 2015 using a semi-structured interview. The data were analyzed by symbolic cartography and Bardin's thematic analysis. Results: The nurses projected to the center of the map: lack of test kits, insufficient time for training, speed of the test result and excessive activities. In the periphery, they placed aspects related to the physical space, the lack of participation of other professionals in the training, the ease of performing the test and breaking the news of positive HIV diagnoses. Conclusion and implications for practice: An adequate supply of test kits, tests more widely available to the entire population and training of other members of the FHS team are required. This study supports improvements in the nursing practice of rapid HIV testing.
INFÂNCIA, TEMPO E ESCOLARIZAÇÃO: APROXIMAÇÕES SOBRE O TEMA NO BRASIL E NA ARGENTINA
Authors: Kaplan Carina Viviana , Sarat Magda
Published: September 2017

RESUMO: Resultado de pesquisa em parceria binacional (Brasil e Argentina), este texto objetiva apresentar algumas aproximações teóricas acerca das relações entre tempo de escolarização e infância, priorizando os sistemas educativos argentino e brasileiro. Concebe-se a infância como um período de especificidades próprias e categoria social construída historicamente. Assim, destaca-se o tempo no processo de escolarização, o qual transforma crianças em alunos e alunas, especialmente na infância, percebida como momento oportuno para a formação individual e coletiva, em todos as sociedades.