bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AWARENESS AND USE OF ANTIBIOTICS AMONG JORDANIAN MOTHERS FOR TREATING UPPER-RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors: Alhelo Amjad , Samara Bashar
Published: October 2019

Aim: We sought to evaluate the awareness and use of antibiotics among Jordanian mothers for treating upper-respiratory-tract infections.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used for this research, involving a questionnaire sent to 300 Jordanian mothers by the Internet who was selected from a Face book group. Two hundred seventy responded; their ages were between 23 and 47 years old. The questionnaire measured respondents’ awareness and use of antibiotics in treating upper-respiratory-tract infections in their children.

Results: A large number of participant mothers did ask physicians to prescribe antibiotics for their children. Most mothers also used antibiotics even without prescription and without differentiating between viral and bacterial infections, despite antibiotics only being useful in the latter. A significant number of mothers thought that antibiotics improved their children’s symptoms.

Conclusion: Jordanian mothers cannot differentiate between bacterial and viral infections and did not use antibiotics properly. National campaigns are needed to support a positive public attitude toward the usage of antibiotics.

Keywords: knowledge, antibiotics, mother, children
PREVALENCE OF APPENDICULAR CARCINOID TUMOUR IN NORTH WEST RAJASTHAN: A TWO YEARS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT OUR INSTITUTE
Authors: Binnani Nidhi , Varshney Mradul , Kumar Vanita , Fatima Qadir
Published: October 2019

Background: Carcinoid tumours are rare incidental finding in appendicectomy specimens.  Appendiceal carcinoid tumours are found in 0·3–0·9 per cent of patients undergoing appendicectomy.

Methods: The medical records of all the patients who underwent consecutive appendectomies and the specimen sent to pathology department for biopsy in Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, were retrospectively analysed. Detailed medical history was noted age, gender, indication for surgery, surgical procedure, tumour localization in the appendix, diameter of the lesion after fixation with formaldehyde, and overall incidence of tumour reviewed in detail

Results: Out of the total 1382 patients, 2 (0.15%) were found to have histological evidence of carcinoid tumour of the appendix. Both were male patients with a mean age of 26.5 years (range: 13-40 years). Acute appendicitis was the clinical presentation for both patients. Open appendectomy was performed in one and laparoscopic in other one. Histologically, all tumours were located at the tip of the appendix with a mean diameter of 0.7cm (range: 0.6-0.8 cm).

Conclusion: Carcinoid tumours of the appendix are extremely rare and invariably remain asymptomatic and are mostly discovered incidentally for appendicectomy done for other reasons, mostly acute abdomen. Carcinoid Tumour was diagnosed on histological examination of the removed appendix. The site and the size of the tumours rather than the depth are used for the assessment of the CT.

Keywords: Carcinoid Tumour, Acute Appendicitis, Neuroendocrine Tumours
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PANCYTOPENIA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEARS IDENTIFIED IN PATIENTS FROM BIHAR REGION
Authors: Kumar Dr. Vivek , Prasad Dr. Jaideo
Published: October 2019

The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the management and prognosis. [3] Thus, identification of exact cause will help in implementing appropriate therapy. The major diagnostic problems occur when there are no specific features in the peripheral smear to point the cause. In India the causes of pancytopenia are not well defined, so the present study has been undertaken to evaluate the various causes and to correlate the peripheral blood smear findings.

The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya, Bihar from july 2017 to Dec 2017. Total 50 cases of the clinical suspicion of a hematological disorder and demonstrating pancytopenia in the peripheral blood smears were enrolled in the present study.

All participants underwent a detailed history, clinical examination and investigations which included complete blood picture with red cell indices and peripheral smear, liver function test, renal function test, ultrasound abdomen and bone marrow examination in all cases. Cause of pancytopenia was ascertained and data was analysed on SPSS on the basis of etiology, clinical and haematological findings.

The data generated from the present study concludes that systematic and thorough workup is required in patients presenting with pancytopenia, so that elimination of the cause is needed to treat the condition. Among them, megaloblastic anaemia and infections are early treatable and reversible.

Keywords: Pancytopenia, Bone Marrow Aspiration, Megaloblastic Anemia, Hypo plastic Marrow, etc
STUDY OF SERUM LIPID PROFILE IN REPRODUCTIVE AND POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN.
Authors: Shrivastav Dr. Chanchal , Berad Dr. Akshay , Parekh Dr. Paras Arvindbhai
Published: October 2019

According to WHO estimates, 16.7 million people around the globe die of cardiovascular disease each year. Economic transition, urbanization, industrialization and globalization bring about life style changes that promote heart disease. High blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity are likely to become more prevalent in developing countries. Increased energy intake and sedentary lifestyle are also responsible for heart disease. The presence of one or more cardiovascular risk factors like high levels of TC, LDL, TG, glucose, insulin, BMI and a decreased HDL have been found to increase the progression of prehypertension to hypertension. Prehypertension increases the risk of MI and CAD. The present study was   undertaken to know serum lipid profile changes in reproductive and postmenopausal women. Total 60 Subjects of age group 20-45years (reproductive), 46-60years (postmenopausal) female volunteered for our study. During the study period, BMI, Lipid profile, parameters were recorded in all the subjects. In BMI, TC, LDL, VLDL, TG, is gradually increased, HDL is gradually decreased from reproductive age women to post menopausal women. Dyslipidemia occurs due to multifactorial reasons like physical activity, life style, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, ethnicity and genetic makeup. Post-menopausal women are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease due to change in the lipid pattern and loss of cardioprotective effect of estrogen. Predicting the factors affecting the lipid profile in post-menopausal women, adopting strategies to control these mechanisms by modifying the relative risk factors during menopausal transition may improve the cardiovascular risk profile in these women.

Keyword:  Lipid profile, Menopause, Reproductive age group.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MOLAR PREGNANCY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Nayak Dr. Ajit Kumar , Hota Dr. Sumitra , Padhi Dr. Maya , Jain , Dr. Manju Kumari
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) refers to a spectrum of pregnancy related trophoblastic abnormalities. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of molar pregnancies in SCB Medical College & Hospital along with the demographics and risk factors associated and to evaluate its management and outcome.

 Methods: The study was a prospective epidemiological study which includes fifty eight patients with gestational trophobastic diseases treated at the gynecological ward, S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha during July 2015 to July 2017.

Results: The incidence was 2.85 in 1000 deliveries in the institution. Most of the patients belonged to low socioeconomic status and in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Primigravida were more prone to the disease and no patients had history of molar in prior pregnancies. Most commonly encountered symptom was vaginal bleeding following a period of amenorrhea. Second trimester was the most common time of presentation with mean gestational age around 12 weeks. Out of 57 patients treated with suction and evacuation, 23 patients developed persistent trophoblastic disease who were further managed by methotrexate and folinic acid. Failure rate of single agent chemotherapy was 21.7% which were successfully managed by triple agent chemotherapy [EMA-CO regimen].

Conclusion: Incidence of molar pregnancies in this study was much higher as this hospital is the referral centre for South Eastern Odisha. However, proper reporting and follow up can prevent mortality associated with malignant transformation.

Keywords: Beta hCG, Chemotherapy, Gestational trophoblastic disease, Hydatidiform mole, molar pregnancy
EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE
Authors: Subramanyam K. , Babu Dr. P. Subhash
Published: October 2019

Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affected”. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory manoeuvre starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The aim of the study is to see the effect of body mass index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values in young adults. The place of a study was done tertiary health care centre, in India for the period of 6 months. Study was performed on 80 subjects age group 20 -30 years, categorised as normal weight BMI =18.5 -24.99 kg/m2 and overweight BMI =25-29.99 kg/m2. There were 40 normal weight BMI (Group A) and 40 over weight BMI (Group B). BMI affects PEFR. Increase in BMI decreases PEFR. Early identification of risk individuals prior to the onset of disease is imperative in our developing country.

Keywords: BMI, PEFR.
STUDI POTENSI LAHAN DAN AREA PERUMAHAN UNTUK IMPLEMENTASI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) DI WILAYAH SERANG DAN CILEGON BANTEN
Authors: Suhendar Suhendar , Raharjo Budi , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Sutjipto Hady
Published: October 2019

Kebutuhan energi listrik semakin meningkat seiring pertumbuhan penduduk dan perkembangan teknologi. Peningkatan dipicu juga oleh laju pertumbuhan kebutuhan energi 6,86% setuap tahunnya. Kebutuhan energi sebagian besar berasal dari energi tak terbarukan yang memiliki keterbatasan dan tidak ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan alternatif energi terbarukan dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu alternatif tersebut adalah pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai pembangkit listrik yang dikonversi dengan panel surya. Kaitannya dengan itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi, kontribusi dan aspek biaya energi matahari sebagai pembangkit listrik di kawasan perumahan Serang Cilegon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan dan implementasi PLTS di area terbuka dapat membangkitkan kapasitas total 84971,481 kWp. Potensi terbesar pada perumahan Highland Park dengan kapasitas sebesar 50370,802 kWp yang memiliki energi konversi sebesar 36707706 kWh per tahun. Sedangkan energi suplai 33750047 kWh pertahun akan mampu berkontribusi memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan beban rumah tangga. Sementara di wilayah perumahan Pondok Cilegon Indah dengan kapasitas sebesar 123,032 kWp dengan energi konversi 98387 kWh per tahun. Energi suplai 90452 kWh per tahun mampu memberikan kontribusi 0,76% terhadap beban rumah tangga. Investasi PLTS dengan project life selama 25 tahun untuk pengembalian biaya investasi membutuhkan waktu selama 25 tahun 1 bulan terhitung awal berdirinya proyek sehingga tidak layak secara investasi.
Patates Üreticiliği Yapan Çiftçilerin Üretim Maliyetlerine İlişkin Algilarini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştirma: Niğde İli Örneği
Authors: KILIÇER Erkan
Published: October 2019

Patates
insanların beslenmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olmakla birlikte üretim
aşamasında çeşitli maliyet unsurlarını içinde barındırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda,
çalışma Niğde ilinde patates üreticiliği yapan çiftçileri kapsamaktadır. Anket
çalışması, SPSS 21 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda, patates üreticiliği yapan çiftçiler üzerine bir araştırma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tesadüfi olmayan örnekleme yoluyla araştırmaya katılan
patates üreticilerinden alınan yanıtlardan hareketle tanımlayıcı istatistikler
raporlanmış, ardından parametrik olmayan hipotez testi uygulanmıştır. Elde
edilen bulgular neticesinde; patates üreticilerinin, patates üretiminin
girdileri olan kredi, depolama, elektrik, gübre, mazot ve tohum maliyetlerini
oldukça yüksek bulduğu ve bunların maliyetlerini karşılamakta birtakım
güçlüklerle karşılaştıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Veliler Açısından Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Ne İfade Ediyor?
Authors: ÇEPNİ Osman , KILCAN Bahadır
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmada, ortaokul sosyal bilgiler dersinin öğrenci velileri tarafından ne anlam ifade ettiğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılının bahar döneminde Ankara ili merkez ilçesinde bulunan ortaokullarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin velilerinden oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunun seçiminde amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma nitel yöntemde durum çalışması şeklinde kurgulanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından uzman görüşlerine de başvurularak hazırlanmış olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Uygulama sonrasında katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, ortaokul sosyal bilgiler dersinin öğrenci velileri açısından ne anlam ifade ettiği ile ilgili sonuçlar hakkında değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinden hareketle yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda, araştırmanın bulguları üç temel boyut altında toplanmıştır. Bunlardan birincisi “Düşüncede Sosyal Bilgiler”, ikincisi, “Öğrenci Açısından Sosyal Bilgiler” ve “Diğer Derslerin Yanında Sosyal Bilgiler” dir.
Okullarda Örgütsel Dertleşmeye İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: DEMİR YILDIZ Canan , DÖNMEZ Burhanettin
Published: October 2019

Bu
araştırma, daha önce Türkçe alan yazında ilk defa kavramsal bir çalışmayla
gündeme gelmiş olan “Örgütsel Dertleşme” kavramının öğretmenler tarafından
nasıl algılandığını belirlemeye yöneliktir. Bu bağlamda örgütsel dertleşme
kavramına ilişkin öğretmenlerin görüşlerini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Nitel
olarak yürütülen bu çalışmada araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Muş il merkezinde
bulunan bir ilkokul ve ortaokulda görev yapan farklı branşlardan 11 öğretmen
oluşturmuştur. Araştırma soruları, öğretmenlerin örgüt içerisinde sevinçlerini,
hüzünlerini ve örgütsel problemlerini paylaşma açısından tercihlerini ve
algılarını anlamaya yöneliktir. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için betimsel analiz yapılmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin, kendi düşüncelerini, fikirlerini,
deneyimlerini başka bireylere anlatırken bilişsel bir süzgeçten geçirdikleri
söylenebilir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin çoğunlukla yöneticilerle dertleşmekten
çekindikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Yöneticilerin örgütsel gerçeklikleri fark
edebilmek ve örgütsel değişimleri gerçekleştirebilmek için örgütsel dertleşmeye
uygun zemin hazırlamaları ve örgütsel dertleşmenin gücünden yararlanmaları
önerilebilir.
Türkiye Ekonomisinde Dış Borç, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Cari İşlemler Dengesi İlişkisinin Analizi
Authors: YILDIZ Fazlı
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de dış borç, ekonomik büyüme ve cari işlemler dengesi ilişkisini analiz etmektir. Çalışmada, Türkiye ekonomisine ait 1998:Q1-2017:Q4 dönemi verileri kullanılarak VAR modeline dayalı analizler yapılmıştır. Nedensellik analizi sonuçları; dış borç stokunun gayrısafi yurt içi hasıla üzerinde çift yönlü, cari işlemler dengesinin gayrısafi yurt içi hasıla ve dış borç stoku üzerinde ise tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Etki-tepki fonksiyonu sonuçlarında; gayrısafi yurt içi hasılanın dış borçlardaki değişimlere verdiği tepki artan, cari işlemler dengesindeki değişime verdiği tepki ise azalan; dış borçların gayrısafi yurt içi hasıladaki değişimlere verdiği tepki artan, cari işlemler dengesindeki değişime verdiği tepki ise azalan niteliktedir. Bu sonuçlara göre Türkiye’de, cari açığın ekonomik büyüme ile dış borçlar üzerinde ve dış borçların ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Turkish-Medium Department And English-Medium Department Students’ Perceived Social Distance To Native English Speakers
Authors: YASTIBAŞ Ahmet Erdost , KAVGACI Tuğçenur
Published: October 2019

Acculturation has been
researched a lot in applied linguistics, and many acculturation studies were made
in second language learning/acquisition contexts. Also, there are some
criticisms about the acculturation theory of Schumann in terms of the social
distance component of the theory. Therefore, the present study aimed to study
acculturation in a foreign language learning context and contribute to the
acculturation theory by providing a solution to the criticisms about the
theory. The present study was designed as a quantitative study. 81 students of
the Turkish-medium and English-medium departments in a Turkish university participated
in the research. The data was collected through the updated version of the
Bogardus Social Distance Scale and was analyzed through independent samples
t-test, one-way ANOVA, and descriptive statistics. The results of the study
indicated that both the participants of the Turkish- and English-medium
departments approached the native speakers of English positively. Also, the
medium of the departments, the kind of the faculties, having been abroad, and
having a sister(s) and/or brother(s) created statistically significant
differences while gender, job status of family members, knowing another
language, high schools the participants graduated from, and the sources of
learning the English culture did not produce such differences. The possible
reasons for these findings and the possible contributions of this study to the
acculturation theory were discussed.
Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Adaylarının Tükenmişlik Yaşayan Matematik Öğretmenlerine Müdahale Önerileri
Authors: AYDIN Davut , AYTEKİN Cahit
Published: October 2019

Tükenmişlik
duygusu yaşayan bireylerin işlerine karşı ilgisizlikleri önemli bir sorun
oluşturmaktadır. Tükenmişlik duygusuyla baş edemeyen öğretmenler hem fiziksel
hem de zihinsel olarak yorgun hissetmektedir. 
Bu duygunun üstesinden gelemeyen öğretmenler derslerini gerektiği
şekilde yapamamaktadır.  Bu araştırmada tükenmişlik
yaşayan matematik öğretmenlerine nasıl müdahale edilmeli sorusu araştırılmıştır.
Bu kapsamda Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık adaylarının görüşleri
incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın problemi, “Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışman
adaylarının tükenmişlik yaşayan matematik öğretmenlerine müdahale önerileri nelerdir?”
olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma özel durum çalışması yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın
katılımcılarını Türkiye’deki bir üniversitenin RPD bölümündeki üçüncü sınıf
öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya 48 RPD adayı katılmıştır. Bunlardan
18’si erkek, 30’u bayandır. Araştırma eğitim öğretim yılı sonunda yapılmıştır.
Araştırma kapsamında katılımcılara, mesleğe başladıklarında danışanlarının
matematik kaygısıyla baş etmeleri için ne tür çalışmalar yapacakları
sorulmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri yapılan görüşmeler
yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda RPD adayları, tükenmişlik yaşayan
matematik öğretmenine müdahale de bulunmadan önce öğretmenlik mesleği,
çevresindeki kişiler ve kişisel sebeplerle ilgili bilgi toplamaya ilişkin
önerilerde bulunmuşlardır. Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışman adaylarının
tükenmişlik yaşayan matematik öğretmenine müdahale önerileri incelendiğinde
bunların üç başlık altında toplandığı görülmektedir. Bunlar, kurama dayalı
psikolojik danışmanlık yapmak, öğretmenlik mesleği ile ilgili durumlar hakkında
ve çevresindekilere/çevresindekilerle işbirliği içinde yapılabilecek müdahale
önerileri şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda tükenmişlik
sebeplerinin öncelikle iyi tespit edilmesi ve buna uygun müdahale yöntemlerinin
kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Features of tailoring women's clothing to the peasants of the Poltava province of the XIX - early XX centuries: as a significant contribution to the study of everyday life
Authors: Галай К.Б.
Published: October 2019

In the process of historical, cultural development in Ukraine, in each region there were characteristic traditions of making women's clothes, kind, cut, ornamental motive, composition, color scale, specific technique of execution.

Traditional costume has always been a vivid, visually fixed manifestation of nationality, identity of folk culture and is one of the most significant contributions to the study of everyday life. Over the years, he has changed, perceived the external influence, but despite all the accumulated significant ethno-cultural information, which testifies to the experience of the Ukrainian people, the idea of ​​the world, criteria of behavior, aesthetic tastes, regional features and cultural motives.

The article is devoted to the study of the traditional system of Poltava, the manufacture and design of the main rural women's clothing of the Poltava province XIX - early XX century.
Incidental Finding of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Accompanying a Fungal Ball in the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Lee Hyun Ju , Kim Jung Soo , Heo Sung Jae
Published: October 2019

Malignant tumors rarely occur in the paranasal sinuses. Paranasal tumors, when they occur, exhibit atypical symptoms, such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, facial pain, and nasal bleeding. Because of nonspecific symptoms commonly observed in the sinusitis and their infrequent occurrence, malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses are generally diagnosed late. If there is bone destruction or invasion of the surrounding tissues in the imaging studies, malignant tumors could be suspected; however, without such findings, it is difficult to predict the existence of cancer. It is more difficult to suspect malignant tumors when they coexist with sinus diseases. In addition, since the concomitant presence of fungal balls and cancer is extremely rare, it is difficult to suspect the presence of cancer when treating fungal balls. We report a case of a fungal ball accompanied by squamous cell carcinoma without any sign of malignancy, such as bone destruction, which has not been reported in the English literature to date.
PENINGKATAN PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR MUATAN IPA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA TEMA 8 SUBTEMA 1 SISWA KELAS 5 SDN SALATIGA 10 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Nur Hekmah Ayu Siti
Published: October 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar muatan IPA siswa kelas 5 SDN Salatiga 10 melalui penerapan model Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan rubrik penilaian proses aktivitas guru dan siswa,serta tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi awal, hasil siklus I dan II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model PBL dapat: a) meningkatkan proses aktivitas guru,pada kondisi awal 46,66%, meningkat menjadi 76,47% pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 88,57% pada siklus II. b) meningkatkan proses aktivitas siswa, padakondisi awal 39,16%, meningkat menjadi 65,58% pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 85% pada siklus II. c) meningkatkan hasil belajar muatan IPA Tema 8 Subtema 1. Hasil belajar pada kondisi awal persentase pencapaian KKM sebesar 15% (5 siswa), pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 79% (26 siswa) dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 90% (30 siswa) dari jumlah keseluruhan 33 siswa.Â Kata kunci: Muatan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Hasil Belajar, Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL).
STUDI LINGKUNGAN ALAM DESA PENTINGSARI KABUPATEN SLEMAN SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SD
Authors: Anggraeni Fitriana , Febiyanti Sinta , Nadiyah Ayu , Santoso Ilham
Published: October 2019

Abstrakâ€” Pembelajaran IPA di SD sangat penting untuk memberikan materi yang Konkret. Pembelajaran adalah proses interaksi pesertadidik dan sumber belajar. Dengan adanya pembelajaran ini dapdt memberikan bantuan ilmu kepada peserta didik. Desa penting sari adalah desa yang kaya akan sumber daya alam, desa penting sari terletak di kaki gunung Merapi, karena berada di kaki Gunung inilah berdampak banyak tersebarnya Flora dan Fauna yang melimpah. Untuk pembelajaran Ipa di SD ini sangat mudah sekali untuk seorang guru membimbing siswa untuk terjun langsung kepada alam untuk mengajarkan materi IPA ini.Kata Kunciâ€”pembelajaran, Desa Penting sari, IPAÂ Abstrack- Science learning in elementary school is very important to provide concrete material learning is a process of student interaction and learning, With this learning, adan can provide knowledge assistance to students. Pentingsari village of Pentingsari is located at the foot of mount Merapi, because it is at the foot of this mountain that has a lot of spread of abundant Flora and Funa. For IPA learning in elementary school it is very easy for a teacher to guide students to go directly to nature to go directly to nature to teach this science material.Â  Â Â Â Kata Kunciâ€”pembelajaran, Desa Penting sari, IPA.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MEDIA PERMAINAN LETâ€™S PLAY
Authors: Santi Apri Utami Parta
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar matematika khususnya materi tentang uang melalui penggunaan media permainan Letâ€™s Play. Subyek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas III B di SD Negeri Pengasinan 03 Depok, sebanyak 36 siswa. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi, tes tertulis dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Pengasinan 03 Depok, Kelurahan Pengasinan, Kecamatan Sawangan, Kota Depok, khususnya kelas III. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode siklus yang mengacu pada model Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) Kemmis and Mc. Taggart sebanyak dua siklus, yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran matematika khususnya materi uang melalui penggunaan media permainan Letâ€™s Play pada siklusnya mengalami peningkatan dari 44,44% pada siklus I menjadi 88,89% pada siklus II, sehingga telah mencapai kriteria keberhasilan yang diharapkan. Penggunaan media permainan Letâ€™s Play dalam pembelajaran matemtika dapat membantu siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan melatih kerjasama dalam kelompok.
‘My heart inclines wholly to know where is the true good’: Mia Hansen-Løve's Postsecular Search for God
Authors: Wheatley Catherine
Published: October 2019

This article explores how Mia Hansen-Løve's cinema thinks about the experience of a life in which God is absent, and yet his ghost continues to haunt us. It suggests links between her films and postsecular theory, especially deconstructions of religion by Jean-Luc Nancy and Jacques Derrida. Although Hansen-Løve's films are not ‘about’ religion in any meaningful sense of the word, religious imagery and theological allusions abound. Her cinema also displays a consistent thematic concern with vocation. The secularized vocations that Hansen-Løve's characters pursue remain bound to and by their religious roots, as well as coming to serve as a substitute for religious calling.
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL AND VITAMIN PREMIXES ON COD EFFICIENCY DIFFERENT PERIODS OF LACTATION
Authors: Федорова Зинаида , Fedorova Zinaida
Published: October 2019

The results of the use of the developed two mineral-vitamin premixes in the feeding of dairy cows are given. Their effect on the productivity of animals in different periods of lactation — the first 100 days, 101–200 and 201–305 days and payment for food products.
DYNAMICS OF ALKALOID ACCUMULATION AND REDISTRIBUTION IN NARROW-LEAFED LUPIN
Authors: Трошина Лариса , Troshina Larisa , ЯГОВЕНКО Татьяна , YaGOVENKO Tat'yana
Published: October 2019

The article presents alkaloid accumulation and redistribution in germinative seed of nar-row-leafed lupin as well as the dynamics of alkaloid content in three genotypes of narrow-leafed lupin plants during ontogenesis. Specialties of accumulation of these compounds under different conditions are shown. The stage “beginning of pod formation — maturing” is the most susceptible to temperature changes in vegetation of narrow-leafed lupin.
EFFICIENCY OF THE CORRELATION ANALYSIS AT THE FINAL STAGE OF SELECTION A COMMON VETCH
Authors: Ившин Георгий , IVSHIN Georgy , Ившина Вера , IVSHINA Vera
Published: October 2019

By estimation of selection numbers of a common vetch a sowing campaign on the basis of correlation matrixes at the final stage of selection are revealed genotype features of mutual relations of attributes of efficiency of plants during their formation. Distinctions between selection samples on number and intensity of correlation communications are established, testifying about specificity of mechanisms of their adaptation to Wednesday of growth are established. Any law in the ratio number and intensity of correlation com-munications with direct attributes of efficiency of vegetative weight and seeds it is not re-vealed. Precisely expressed return tendency in the ratio number and intensity of correlations of attributes of efficiency of a plant with a level of seasonal variability of productivity of dry weight and seeds of a common vetch is established.
EFFICIENCY OF ANTHROPOGENIC ENERGY EXPENDITURES IN CREATION AND USE OF LEGUME-CEREAL GRASS OF CULTURAL PASTURE
Authors: Кутузова Анэля , Kutuzova Anel , Проворная Елена , Provornaya Elena , Цыбенко Надежда , Tsybenko Nadezhda
Published: October 2019

On legume-grass pasture grasslands with the participation of creeping clover (varieties VIC 70 and Lugovik), meadow clover (Tetraploid VIC and Veteran), alfalfa changeable (Pasture 88 and Agnia), the total cost of anthropogenic energy for the creation, care, use and production of feed in the exchange energy in a single SI system (GJ/ha) is determined. The high rates of return given the cost of collecting metabolizable energy per 1 GJ of metabolizable energy.
SWEET OAT CULTIVATION IN LUPIN CROP ROTATION IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF THE MAIN SOIL TILLAGE
Authors: Исаева Елена , Isaeva Elena , Педосич Ольга , Pedosich Olga
Published: October 2019

The article presents results of tests which have been done during the stationary experiment carried out in the South-West of Bryansk region of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia on gray forest soil. The test object in 2015–2018 was to study methods of the main soil tillage and their effect on productivity of sweet oat. The test scheme consists of four variants of the main soil tillage at sweet oat cultivation in four-field lupin crop rotation. The variant earth board ploughing added by deep loosening once in four years for lupin stood out under the test period conditions. Sweet oat had high yield and nutritive value at this soil tillage. These indices were energetically profitable.
CONTENT OF MAJOR NUTRIENTS AND SOME MACRO AND MICROELEMENTS IN HAYLAGE AND SILAGE OF THE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE "KRASNYY MAYAK" LTD FOR 2016
Authors: Дмитриев Дмитрий , Dmitriev Dmitry , Финогеев Василий , Finogeev Vasily
Published: October 2019

In the proposed material the features of the accumulation of basic nutrients is considered, such as crude protein, crude fiber and crude fat, as well as some macro- and microelements in haylage and silage, of the agricultural enterprise CJSC "Krasny Mayak".
Development of a Novel Enzymatic Pretreatment for Improving the Digestibility of Protein in Feather Meal
Authors: Pfeuti Guillaume , Osborne Vernon , Shoveller Anna K. , Ignatz Eric H. , Bureau Dominique P.
Published: October 2019

This study describes the process of developing an enzymatic pretreatment to improve the nutritional value of feather meal (FeM). In a first experiment, a full factorial design was used to examine the effects of various incubation conditions on the solubilization of nitrogen in FeM. We incubated FeM for 3 h with various levels of a commercial alkaline serine protease (Savinase® 16L), sodium sulphite (Na2SO3), and digestion buffer. A Savinase® 16L level of 3% (%FeM v/w), Na2SO3 level of 3% (%FeM w/w), and digestion buffer level of 500% (%FeM w/w) were identified as the optimal conditions. Under these optimal conditions, 45% of the nitrogen in FeM was solubilized. In a second experiment, we evaluated the effect of more economically sustainable incubation conditions on the in vitro digestibility of protein (pepsin-HCl digestibility and multistep protein evaluation) in FeM. Two FeMs were incubated with 0.5% Savinase® 16L (%FeM v/w), 2% Na2SO3 (%FeM w/w), and 200% buffer (%FeM w/w) for 24 h. The pretreatment improved pepsin-HCl digestibility by 7–16% and the total tract degradable protein content by 14–50%. Accordingly, this novel pretreatment could be applied in the animal feed industry to improve the nutritional value of FeM.
The Proportion of Superior Grains and the Sink Strength are the Main Yield Contributors in Modern Winter Wheat Varieties Grown in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Chen Wei , Sun Yingying , Zhang Suiqi , Palta Jairo A. , Deng Xiping
Published: October 2019

Understanding the changes in phenotype resulting from the selection pressure and agronomic adaptation of grain yield provide an indication of the pathways for future increases in grain yield. Six dry land representative winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) released from 1942 to 2004 in the Loess Plateau of China were investigated to determine how the yield components of winter wheat were associated with grain yield at the Changwu Agricultural Research Station during the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 seasons, using a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Plant height, aboveground biomass, grain yield, and yield components were measured, together with the traits of superior and inferior grains and the pre-anthesis stored dry matter remobilized to the grain was determined. In the relatively wet 2011–2012 season, there was a significant increase in grain yield and aboveground biomass with the year of release, but not in the dry 2012–2013 season. The harvest index (HI) and average grain weight (AGW) increased significantly with the year of release in both cropping seasons. HI and AGW are likely potential traits for improving grain yield of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau. The increase in HI mainly resulted from the decrease in plant height, and the increase in the use of pre-anthesis stored assimilates for grain filling. The increase in AGW mainly resulted from the increase in the proportion of superior grain (SG) and the decrease in the proportion of inferior grain (IG) in the whole spike in both cropping seasons. Depending on the climatic conditions, the different winter wheat cultivars showed different ability to use pre-anthesis stored assimilates. Modern wheat cultivars had higher yield under different rainfall conditions, and high ability to use pre-anthesis stored assimilates to fill the grain than earlier released cultivars. Both, the increase in sink capacity and source availability, should be considered as a strategy for increasing future grain yield in Loess Plateau of China.
Species Diversity in Colletotrichum Causing Anthracnose of Aromatic and Ornamental Lamiaceae in Italy
Authors: Guarnaccia Vladimiro , Gilardi Giovanna , Martino Ilaria , Garibaldi Angelo , Gullino Maria Lodovica
Published: October 2019

Species of Colletotrichum are considered important plant pathogens, saprobes, and endophytes on a wide range of host plants. In Italy, several Colletotrichum species have been reported in glasshouse environments. In this study, we have explored the occurrence, diversity, and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum spp. associated with aromatic and ornamental plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Surveys were carried out during the 2011–2018 period in Liguria and Piedmont, Italy. A total of 19 Colletotrichum isolates were collected from symptomatic leaves and seeds of Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (oregano) and different Salvia spp. A multi-locus phylogeny was established based on the basis of four genomic loci (ITS, GAPDH, ACT and TUB2). The aggressiveness of selected, representative isolates were tested. Colletotrichum isolates were identified as being members of three major species complexes: C. acutatum, C. destructivum, and C. gloeosporioides. Colletotrichum fioriniae, C. bryonicola, and C. fructicola were found in association with leaf lesions on Salvia leucantha, S. nemorosa, and S. greggii, respectively. Colletotrichum nigrum was isolated from twig lesions of S. greggii. Moreover, C. fioriniae and C. ocimi were found to be responsible for causing leaf anthracnose of oregano and basil, respectively. All the tested isolates were pathogenic and reproduced identical symptoms to those observed in commercial glasshouses. The present study improves our understanding of Colletotrichum species associated with several hosts belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which are cultivated extensively throughout Italy for different purpose, and provides information that may be useful for an effective disease management program.
Shelters Reflect but Cannot Solve Underlying Problems with Relinquished and Stray Animals—A Retrospective Study of Dogs and Cats Entering and Leaving Shelters in Denmark from 2004 to 2017
Authors: Sandøe Peter , Jensen Janne , Jensen Frank , Nielsen Søren
Published: October 2019

Data covering about 90% of the estimated intake of dogs and cats to Danish shelters from 2004 to 2017 were used to study the effects of tight control of dogs and of efforts to increase shelter services for unwanted or stray cats. During the period, there was a low and decreasing intake of dogs, while the annual proportion of euthanised dogs increased from 6% to 10%. The number of cats entering shelters increased by about 250%, while the annual proportion of euthanised cats increased from 15% to about 29%. At the same time, there seemed to be a decrease in the population of stray cats. The major increase in cat intake may be due to animal protection non-governmental organizations (NGOs) making it easier to relinquish cats into shelters. Dog shelters can successfully handle surplus animals because dogs are well controlled by owners and are tightly regulated. Cats are more difficult to confine, are often allowed to roam freely and are less regulated. Therefore, cat shelters cannot solve the problem of surplus cats on their own. It is argued that an economic analysis may serve as a point of departure for a discussion on better policy making for NGOs in charge of shelters.
Effects of Photoperiod Change on Melatonin Secretion, Immune Function and Antioxidant Status of Cashmere Goats
Authors: Mao Chenyu , Xu Yuanqing , Shi Lulu , Guo Shiwei , Jin Xiao , Yan Sumei , Shi Binlin
Published: October 2019

The photoperiod affects animals’ secretion of hormones, especially melatonin (MLT), which is involved in the regulation of the immune function and antioxidant status. The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of the photoperiod on MLT secretion, immune function, antioxidant status and related gene expression in goats. Eighteen adult female cashmere goats were randomly divided into three photoperiod groups: the control group (CG: natural photoperiod); the short-day photoperiod group (SDPP group: 8 h light; 16 h dark) and the shortening-day photoperiod group (SIPP group: lighting time shortened gradually from 16 h/d to 8 h/d). The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed that SDPP increased MLT concentration in serum at day 30 of the experiment (p < 0.05), but SIPP increased it at day 60 (p < 0.05). The activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) increased (p < 0.05), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased (p < 0.05) at day 30 in SDPP; no significant effects of SIPP were observed at day 30. Both SDPP and SIPP goats had higher activities of T-SOD, GPx and CAT (p < 0.05) at day 60. The concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) increased in SDPP (p < 0.05) at day 30. Both SDPP and SIPP raised the concentration of IgG, IL-1β and IL-2 at day 60 (p < 0.05). For the relative gene expression, the SDPP improved the gene expression of SOD1, CAT, GPx4, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2), IL-1β, IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (p < 0.05) in blood leukocytes at day 30. In addition, at day 60, goats in the SDPP group had a higher gene expression of CAT, GPx4, IL-1β and IL-2 (p < 0.05). Goats in SIPP had significantly higher gene expression of SOD1, CAT, GPx4, Nrf2, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-2 (p < 0.05) than those in CG. These results indicated that SDPP and SIPP could secrete more MLT and then improve the immune function and antioxidant status of the goats.
Effect of a Standardized Four-Week Desensitization and Counter-Conditioning Training Program on Pre-Existing Veterinary Fear in Companion Dogs
Authors: Stellato Anastasia , Jajou Sarah , Dewey Cate E. , Widowski Tina M. , Niel Lee
Published: October 2019

Many dogs show signs of fear during veterinary appointments. It is widely recommended to use desensitization and counter-conditioning training to reduce this fear. However, the efficacy of this method for reducing veterinary fear has not been examined. We assessed the effect of a standardized four-week training program on behavioural and physiological signs of fear in dogs with pre-existing veterinary fear. Owned dogs were randomly allocated to receive training (n = 15) or no training (n = 22; Control). Owners of dogs in the training group were instructed to perform exam-style handling on their dog and to visit the veterinary clinic weekly. Owners of control dogs were given no instructions. Fear responses were assessed before and after the training period by a blinded observer during clinic arrival and examination. Despite motivated owners volunteering to participate in the current study, 44% of owners were non-compliant to this training program. During examination, control dogs had higher odds (95% confidence Interval (CI)) of reduced posture compared to trained dogs (Odds ratio (OR): 3.79, CI: 1.03–16.3). Fear scores for trained dogs lowered during the second examination (p = 0.046), and 86.7% of dog owners reported a reduction in their dog’s fear levels across the training period (p = 0.007). When entering the clinic (p = 0.002) and during examination (p = 0.002), trained female dogs had a higher rate of lip licking than control females. The training program did not influence temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, avoidance, trembling, vocalizations, or willingness and encouragement to step on the scale. Results suggest that this four-week training program was mildly effective at reducing veterinary fear in dogs. Further research is necessary to explore the efficacy of longer, more intensive, and individualized training programs.
Exacerbations of Chronic Rhinosinusitis—Microbiology and Perspectives of Phage Therapy
Authors: Szaleniec Joanna , Gibała Agnieszka , Pobiega Monika , Parasion Sylwia , Składzień Jacek , Stręk Paweł , Gosiewski Tomasz , Szaleniec Maciej
Published: October 2019

The chronically inflamed mucosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can additionally be infected by bacteria, which results in an acute exacerbation of the disease (AECRS). Currently, AECRS is universally treated with antibiotics following the guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS), as our understanding of its microbiology is insufficient to establish specific treatment recommendations. Unfortunately, antibiotics frequently fail to control the symptoms of AECRS due to biofilm formation, disruption of the natural microbiota, and arising antibiotic resistance. These issues can potentially be addressed by phage therapy. In this study, the endoscopically-guided cultures were postoperatively obtained from 50 patients in order to explore the microbiology of AECRS, evaluate options for antibiotic treatment, and, most importantly, assess a possibility of efficient phage therapy. Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated bacteria, followed by Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae. Alarmingly, mechanisms of antibiotic resistance were detected in the isolates from 46% of the patients. Bacteria not sensitive to amoxicillin were carried by 28% of the patients. The lowest rates of resistance were noted for fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Fortunately, 60% of the patients carried bacterial strains that were sensitive to bacteriophages from the Biophage Pharma collection and 81% of the antibiotic-resistant strains turned out to be sensitive to bacteriophages. The results showed that microbiology of AECRS is distinct from ABRS and amoxicillin should not be the antibiotic of first choice. Currently available bacteriophages could be used instead of antibiotics or as an adjunct to antibiotics in the majority of patients with AECRS.
The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Community Pharmacists in their Approach to Antibiotic Use: A Nationwide Survey in Italy
Authors: Napolitano Francesco , Della Polla Giorgia , De Simone Caterina , Lambiase Chiara , Pelullo Concetta Paola , Angelillo Italo Francesco
Published: October 2019

Background: This investigation has been carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use among community pharmacists in Italy and to investigate their influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional telephone survey using a semi-structured interview was performed between September 2018 and April 2019 among a random sample of community pharmacists. Results: Almost two thirds (61.5%) correctly answered that the overuse of antibiotics in primary care, hospital settings, and veterinary medicine is a significant cause of antibiotic resistance. Males, those who worked a lower number of hours per week, and those who acquired information through scientific journals and educational activity were more likely to know that the overuse of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance. More than two thirds of those pharmacists (70.8%) often or always inform the public about the risks of antibiotic resistance. Those who have been practicing for a higher number of years were more likely to act in that way, whereas pharmacy directors and those who did not need additional information on antibiotic resistance were less likely to inform the public. Conclusions: Pharmacists need to be aware of the issue of antibiotic resistance and policy makers should promote the implementation of antibiotic use public educational interventions in this setting.
Plant Antioxidant for Application in Food and Nutraceutical Industries
Authors: Loizzo Monica Rosa , Tundis Rosa
Published: October 2019

Plants have been used since approximately 5000 BC not only for their medicinal properties, but also as food aroma and for their preservative activity [...]