bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of nifidipine loaded tablet formulation for colon drug delivery
Authors: Dinkar Renu , Mohan Govind , Upadhyaya Kumud
Published: May 2018

Pulsatile release profile is characterized by a lag time followed by rapid and complete drug release. Pulsatile drug delivery systems are classified into time-controlled and site-specific delivery systems. The lag time is taken as the time of less than 10% drug release. The objective of present study was to develop a pulsatile compression coated tablet. The system was developed into two steps i.e. firstly core tablet was prepared containing Nifidipine; secondly core tablet was coated with polymer blend of ethyl cellulose (water insoluble polymer) and Eudragit L 100 (Enteric polymer). From the study it was concluded that the formulation having a coating level of 50% w/w of core and weight ratio of ethyl cellulose to Eudragit L 100 (20%) showed lesser release profile as compared to other formulation i.e. 52.83% in 12hrs. As we increase the weight ratio of ethyl cellulose to Eudragit L 100 better entrapment of drug leading to controlled release of drug.
Formulation and Evaluation of sustained release matrix tablets of Glipizide
Authors: Sandhan Shallu , Sapra Kavita , Mor Jitender
Published: May 2018

The aim of present investigation was to enhance the solubility of glipizide (BCS Class II). Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic agent with relatively short elimination half life. Inclusion complex of Glipizide with _-cyclodextrin was prepared by kneading method and evaluated for its in-vitro release. Phase solubility studies were performed according to method reported by Higuchi and Connors which was classified as AL type characterized by apparent 1:1 stability constant. The Glipizide and Beta Cyclodextrin found to be compatible which was observed from FTIR spectra of Glipizide _- CD Complex. The dissolution study of Glipizide _- CD complex shows significant increase in the drug release than pure drug. Matrix Glipizide _- CD complex tablet complex equivalent to 10 mg Glipizide were prepared by using Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Carboxy methyl cellulose sodium (NaCMC) and Microcrytalline cellulose (MCC). The tablets were evaluated for various tests like hardness, friability, disintegration and in-vitro dissolution studies.
RUST FUNGI ON SOME POACEOUS WEEDS OF WHEAT CROPS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: AFSHAN NAJAM-UL-SEHAR , NIAZI ABDUL REHMAN
Published: May 2018

The article enlists common poaceous weeds found in wheat crop sand their specific parasitic rust fungi. In this study, four (04) plant taxa of Poaceae infected with rust fungi are collected from different wheat crops grown in different areas of Pakistan. The rust fungi are isolated, characterized and identified. All these host plants are known weeds of wheat crop in Pakistan. This work would help to identify and enlist the potential rust fungi on weeds of wheat crop that could be utilized to control these noxious weeds in future.
Ulcerative colitis in 17 yr old girl masquerading as severe anemia: A case report
Authors: Kumar Anil , Praveen Vivian , Belavadi Gangadhar
Published: May 2018

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. It is localized to the colon and spares the upper gastrointestinal tract. Ulcerative colitis can occur at any age, the peak incidence is among the age group 15-25 years and in 55-65 years. The first pediatric case was reported by Helmholz. The purpose of reporting this case of 17 year old girl with ulcerative colitis who presented with severe anemia is, to not only create awareness of ulcerative colitis among pediatric age group but also to discuss the challenges facing the diagnosis and management of the disease in a developing country like India.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles by Morus nigra leaf extract
Authors: Kumar Anu , Kaur Kuldeep , Sharma Sarika
Published: May 2018

The present study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Morus nigra leaf extract were used as reducing agent for reduction of silver nitrate solution. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy. The SEM analysis has shown that size of silver nanoparticles synthesized from leaves extract of M.nigra was 200 nm and seems to be spherical in morphology. Morphology of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles is nearly spherical and of size ranges from 300-500 nm. The average particle size analyzed from SEM analysis was observed to be 350 nm. This article has discussed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles generated from plant extract, characterization and antibacterial analysis. In this study the antibacterial activity was examined against six MTCC cultures collected from IMTECH Chandigarh, Including both gram positive and gram negative bacteria such as P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli, P.flourescens and Streptococus mutans. Out of these strains the antimicrobial activity of the silver nanoparticles showed maximum zone of inbhition against P.flourescens (22 mm), P.aeruginosa (19 mm), S.aureus (18 mm) and least effective against E.coli (15mm). In contrast chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles were found most effective against S.aureus (13 mm) and B.subtilis (12mm) and almost ineffective against Streptococcus mutans (6 mm) and P.flourescens (4 mm). In the concluding remarks, the silver nanoparticles synthesized using M.nigra leaves extract would be a better antimicrobial effective against various bacterial species.
DEFENCE OF THE AZOV REGION AND TAGANROG AT THE FINAL STAGE OF THE CRIMEAN (EASTERN) WAR OF 1853-1856
Authors: Tikidzh'yan Ruslan Gennad'evich , Shishova Natal'ya Vasil'evna
Published: May 2018

The article reveals the problems of history of the Azov region and Taganrog defence - the important but insufficiently investigated period of the Crimean (Eastern) War of 1853-1856. Analyzing historians’ works and archival materials the authors pay special attention to the role and participation of the Don Cossacks, the civilians of the Azov region, the Don Armenians and the Greeks in the defence of Taganrog in the period from February-March, 1854, till September, 1855. The paper concludes on the importance of preventing the English and French aggressors from capturing strategically important settlements and ports of the Azov region and the Don estuary in the context of significant military operations of the Crimean war.
REVOLUTION AND CIVIL WAR IN THE OSSETIAN VISUAL ART OF THE 1920S-1980S
Authors: Tsorieva Inga Totrazovna
Published: May 2018

The article examines the problem of interpreting the theme of the Russian revolution of 1917 and the Civil War in the Ossetian professional visual art in the Soviet period. The analysis of historical and social contexts of Ossetian painters’ creative work leads the author to the conclusion that in the different periods of Soviet history the art according to the “spirit of the time” highlighted and interpreted the certain aspects of these historical events. The works of art were endowed with meanings, which satisfied the socio-political needs of the concrete historical period.
EXISTENTIAL SOURCES OF SECULARISM IN THE CONTEXT OF WESTERN EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE
Authors: Kulikov Grigorii Yakovlevich
Published: May 2018

The article proposes a typology of secularism by including the existential dimension. For this, an analysis is made, in the course of which the relationship between such phenomena as “anthropological catastrophe”, the “death of God”, “existential emptiness” is established. The study not only makes it possible to see the triumph of the rationalistic picture of the world in secularism, and to interpret the post-secular era as the “decline of secularism”, but reveals new horizons of the worldview of a modern man.
GENDER APPROACH AS AN ANALYTICAL DEVICE TO STUDY THE RUSSIAN PAINTING OF THE MIDDLE OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Perel'man Irina Vladimirovna
Published: May 2018

The article examines the Russian painting of the middle of the XIX century within the comparative approach, which is based on the synthesis of gender text expertise, culturology, history of art and receptive esthetics. The author analyzes the images of genre and portrait painting in the context of gender-sensitive colouring and proposes a typology of storylines and motives that prevailed at this development stage of the Russian painting. The paper identifies the system of gender stereotypes and situational gender practices, which were most clearly manifested in the art of this period.
FEATURES OF CHILIASTIC ANTISYSTEMS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE “WHITE LOTUS” MOVEMENT)
Authors: Sulimov Stanislav Igorevich
Published: May 2018

The work is devoted to the study of chiliastic antisystems: socio-spiritual entities professing a syncretic, denying the world doctrine and seeking to destroy the existing social reality in the name of utopian ideals. The main features of the anti-system structure and activity are examined by the example of the “White Lotus” - a sectarian confederation that operated in medieval China. But all of its features also appear to be inherent in radical Islamism - the modern anti-system movement, which was formed under completely different conditions and threatens the world today.
REFLECTIONS ON PHENOMENOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Terent'eva Tat'yana Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2018

The article reveals the content of the notion “phenomenological psychology”, which, being the idea of Husserl, has become widespread both among the philosophers of the existential and hermeneutic trend, and among psychologists. The main focus of the work is on the consideration of various levels of the system of phenomenological psychology, as well as on the problem of various interpretations of the notion “phenomenological psychology” by Husserl himself throughout the whole period of his creative work. The author points out that the complexity of the definition of this notion is related to the proximity of phenomenological psychology to transcendental phenomenology, and also to the inclination of Husserl himself to transcendentalism.
MENTAL FOUNDATIONS OF GENDER VIOLENCE
Authors: Churkina Nataliya Anatol'evna
Published: May 2018

The article actualizes the problem of gender violence, which continues to be one of the most common ways of patriarchal impact on women in the modern world. The causes of this violence lie in the mental structures of humans - the peculiarities of structuring the surrounding reality through binary oppositions and their ethical marking. The result of this understanding of the world is xenophobia, in particular - sexism. Gender violence in the modern society must be overcome through the transformation of patriarchal gender stereotypes and traditions that affirm the inequality between the sexes.
GEL SYSTEMS AS A TECHNIQUE TO WORK WITH SURFACE LAYERS OF EASEL OIL PAINTINGS
Authors: Aleshkina Ekaterina Viktorovna
Published: May 2018

The article describes the experience of the Department of Scientific Restoration of Easel Oil Painting of the State Research Institute of Restoration in relation to using gel systems as a technique to work with protective layers of pictures. The paper provides a general characteristic of gels, their components, describes the results of foreign researchers’ project to study gel residuals and their influence on painting surface. By the example of easel oil paintings in different condition and with different technical and technological peculiarities the author illustrates the advantages of practical usage of gels when solving complicated restoration problems.
ON THE THRESHOLD OF A GLOBAL CRASH
Authors: Demchenko Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: May 2018

Continuous evolution of domestic music associated with liberation ideas resulted in its blossom at the beginning of the XX century. Heroic and romantic images, including those based on associations with spontaneous natural phenomena, were widely used. The idea of emancipation (for the first time such conception was developed on a large scale in “The Latvian Requiem” by E. Melngailis) becomes the key one for the composers, who introduced the theme of liberation. Explicit implementation of the revolutionary theme begins in the 1910s, and the basic tendencies of these years are most clearly represented in the symphony-cantata “Caucasus” by S. Lyudkevych.
AGRARIAN POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX - AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY (BY THE MATERIALS OF THE RYAZAN PROVINCE)
Authors: Kostyleva Elena Nikolaevna
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the agrarian policy of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The author substantiates that a complex of socio-economic problems in the country was associated with inadequate land support and the communal system of land tenure of the main taxation estate - the peasantry. By the example of the Ryazan province it is shown that the weak sides of the agrarian sector were the following: the unfavorable conditions of land rent, the increased taxation and the decrease in the paying capacity of the rural population, as well as a low level of agricultural intensification. Basing on the analysis of archival materials and on the attraction of data from the periodical press, the paper establishes that the main task of government policy during that period was to grant peasants the free right to leave the community and to assign allotment land to them for personal property.
SPECIFICITY OF ARABIC JOURNALISM PROFESSIONALIZATION AT THE END OF THE XIX - IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Malakhovskii Aleksei Kimovich , Banifadel' Motaz , Durgam Nabkhan
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to analyzing the process of professionalization of the Arabic periodical press in the period of transition from the traditional Ottoman society of the end of the XIX century to the modern society of the first half of the XX century. The authors examine the specificity of journalists’ social status, the changes in the legislation on the press, the early development of professional training and the establishment of the first professional union of the Arabic journalists. The researchers conclude that professionalization of the Arabic journalism occurred in the historically short period against the background of contradictions typical of the traditional society entering the epoch of transformation.
KAZAKH TRADITIONAL CULTURE IN MUSEUM COLLECTIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Moskvina Margarita Vasil'evna , Oktyabr'skaya Irina Vyacheslavovna , Pavlova Elena Yur'evna
Published: May 2018

The article analyzes museum collections of regional, district, rural and school museums of Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, the Altai territory and the Altai Republic. Proposing a survey of museum funds the authors conclude that the modern Kazakh community of Western Siberia, accumulating the experience of inter-ethnic cooperation, preserves the foundations of original culture. Museum collections are considered as sources of cultural and historical memory. Museum collections get greater importance in the context of modern Russia’s sociocultural transformations causing the extinction of traditions; and certain elements of the authentic Kazakh culture (for example, the nyurt) acquire the meaning of universal ethnic symbols.
PREPARATION OF STUDENTS FOR FAMILY LIFE IN PROGRESSIVE TRADITIONS OF DAGESTAN PEOPLES
Authors: Ammaeva Asli Ammaevna
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of preparing teenagers for independent life on the basis of folk pedagogy in educational organizations of the Republic of Dagestan, studying and reviving the ethno-cultural values of the peoples of Dagestan, the universal values of previous generations embodied in religious beliefs, folklore, folk traditions and customs, and art. The author focuses on the spiritual and moral education of the younger generation, who loves the Fatherland, is capable of moral perfection and development, as well as the preservation of the traditions of folk pedagogy.
PROJECT-BASED TEACHING OF STUDENTS OF THE FIELD OF STUDY “PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE”. MEMORIAL EVENT IN THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY OF VITEBSK ART SCHOOL: THE 140TH ANNIVERSARY OF KAZIMIR MALEVICH
Authors: Kotovich Tat'yana Viktorovna
Published: May 2018

Vitebsk State University students of the field of study “Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritage” of the History Faculty within the academic discipline “Theory and History of Culture” over the last 20 years have permanently participated in all the cultural events of Vitebsk. They deliver lectures and public speeches at the openings of artistic exhibitions in the Art Museum and the Center of Modern Art, introduce their own projects in the regional library, the Teachers’ Advanced Training Institute, city schools. In February, 2018, the second-year students participated in the memorial event dedicated to the 140th anniversary of Kazimir Malevich.
STUDY OF SIBERIAN SAINTS’ BIOGRAPHIES AS ONE OF THE WAYS OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION AT THE LESSONS OF THE MODULE “FOUNDATIONS OF ORTHODOX CULTURE”
Authors: Maistrenko Aleksei Igorevich
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the study of Siberian saints’ biographies within the framework of the subject area “Foundations of Orthodox Culture” as one of the approaches to the spiritual and moral education of younger schoolchildren, as well as the way of implementing the regional component at the lesson. The author reveals the need to use the hagiographies of Siberian saints at the lessons of Foundations of Orthodox Culture in connection with the formation of positive moral qualities among students. Also the work considers some historical sources concerning the life of saints, which can be used in preparation for the lessons or as an element of the lesson.
FORMATION OF PUPILS’ SOCIAL SKILLS IN EXTRACURRICULAR PROJECT ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT-AGE GROUPS
Authors: Oparina Ekaterina Vital'evna
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the problems of studying the formation of socially significant skills among pupils of different ages in extracurricular project activity. The paper reveals the content of the notion “social skills” and highlights their components. The author substantiates that the lack of the conception of implementing the mechanism of the specificity of the social development of pupils in different-age groups results in the emergence of a number of problems of education and upbringing of learners in such a group. On the basis of the study, a model of the formation of social skills among pupils in a different-age group in the process of extracurricular project activity is developed.
DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL RESPONSIVENESS AS A PRIORITY DIRECTION OF MUSICAL LESSONS FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Ostrovskaya Galina Ivanovna , Minaeva Tat'yana Mikhailovna
Published: May 2018

The article deals with musical lessons for preschool children as the main form of the organization of their musical activity. The process of the development of emotional responsiveness as the central link of preschool children’s mental life is covered and analyzed. The priority of music in this direction as one of the most emotional arts is justified, as well as the need for the organization of purposeful pedagogical work. The results of the conducted experiment confirming the effectiveness of pedagogical efforts in the solution of this problem are presented.
FORMAL LOGIC AND ALGORITHMS IN TEACHING DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY
Authors: Polubinskaya Lyudmila Georgievna , Khusnetdinov Timur Rustyamovich , Maksutova Raisya Abdrakhmanovna
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the discussion of the issues connected with the methodology of teaching descriptive geometry due to increasing intensification of the educational process. Under the conditions of high school leavers’ very low geometric-graphic preparation on the one hand and the reduction of time for the traditional forms of teaching (lectures and practical classes) on the other, a formalized approach is being created and the conceptual idea of science is not being formed. The article is intended for teachers of higher technical educational institutions working at the chairs of graphic and mathematical disciplines. At the same time it can be useful for students and young teachers, who are studying at advanced training courses.
PROMINENT RUSSIAN PEDAGOGUE V. P. VAKHTEROV (TO THE 165TH ANNIVERSARY)
Authors: Pomelov Vladimir Borisovich
Published: May 2018

The article provides the facts of the biography of the prominent Russian pedagogue of the second half of the XIX and the first two decades of the XX century Vasiliy Porfiryevich Vakhterov (1853-1924). His main pedagogical views are revealed, especially in the field of general pedagogy. A connection is established between V. P. Vakhterov’s ideas and progressive Russian pedagogy of his time as well as modern Russian pedagogy. The analysis of a number of pedagogical works by V. P. Vakhterov is carried out. The author characterizes the active progressive social and educational activity of V. P. Vakhterov aimed at implementing the idea of universal primary education in Russia.
ON SOME PECULIARITIES OF WORK ON DIALOGIC SPEECH WITH FOREIGN STUDENTS AT THE STAGE OF PRE-UNIVERSITY TRAINING
Authors: Arkhipova Lyubov' Vladimirovna
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of teaching dialogic speech (dialogue) to foreign students at the stage of pre-university training. The author considers the most general issues of organization of the dialogic form of communication, analyzes the peculiarities of using specialized means of speech contact, describes the approaches to learning the dialogue developed in the methodology, and suggests various types of exercises for developing students’ skills and abilities necessary for the dialogue.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES AND THEORETICAL MODEL OF THE NOTION “MULTILINGUAL GIFTEDNESS” IN MODERN LINGUODIDACTIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Shul'ts Ol'ga Evgen'evna
Published: May 2018

The article reveals the need to introduce a new notion - students’ “multilingual giftedness” - into scientific use that can give rise to the development of a new conception of effective teaching several foreign languages in modern linguo-didactic science in conditions of higher and secondary schools. The paper analyzes the existing sources revealing approaches to the development of the personality’s giftedness. The author’s definition and theoretical model of the scientific notion being developed are proposed. The main advantage of the new model is synthesis of psycholinguistic components and their interactive-dynamic organization.
Improving students' understanding of greenhouse effect, acid rain and the depletion of stratospheric ozone
Authors: Ralle Bernd , Roßbegalle Thomas
Published: May 2018

Global change phenomena, such as an enhancing greenhouse effect, acid rain or the depletion of stratospheric ozone, are considered as environmental problems. Contrary to the demands of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), three recently published studies have shown that German students still struggle with the acquisition of a scientifically acceptable understanding of these issues. These findings are in accordance with results from international research. Thus, the aim of the research project described in this paper is to enhance students’ understanding of the greenhouse effect, acid rain and the depletion of stratospheric ozone. Using the model of Didactical Design Research, teaching and learning materials were developed and empirically tested in Design-Experiments with 14 students in two iterative cycles. The results show that students are able to develop a scientifically acceptable understanding of the atmospheric phenomena by changing their prior conceptions in different ways. For example they can acquire a scientifical understanding of the transformation of radiation in the process of greenhouse effect or they can describe the chemical processes of the formation of acid rain and ozone depletion adequately. Furthermore the results bring out that students struggle with obstacles, e.g. concerning the acquisition of conceptions about radiation or the correct use of technical language.
Gymnasiets laboratorionsundervisning i fysik – mellan tradition och ändrade styrdokument
Authors: Holmström Simon , Pendrill Ann-Marie , Reistad Nina , Eriksson Urban
Published: May 2018

Laborationer har lång tradition i fysikundervisningen och det finns många klassiska skolexperiment. Samtidigt påverkas laborationsundervisningen av reformer och teknikutveckling. I denna studie fick lärare på tre gymnasieskolor diskutera sin laborationsundervisning. Analysen baseras på händelselogik, där handling ses som intentionell och styrs av determinanterna: målsättning, förmåga, plikt och möjligheter. Studien ger insikt i hur olika faktorer påverkar lärares laborationsundervisning, och hur klassiska laborationer i fysikundervisningen både kan ha en given plats och utmanas av nya förutsättningar. Resultaten antyder att praxis och tradition är starkare påverkansfaktorer än styrdokument i lärares utformning av laborationsundervisningen, vilket delvis kan relateras till en avsaknad av fortbildning.

In English

Experiments have a long tradition in physics teaching and there are many examples of classical school experiments. At the same time laboratory teaching is affected by curriculum changes and technological development. In this study experienced teachers at three different upper secondary schools discuss their laboratory teaching. The analysis is based on the logic of events. The study provides insight into factors affecting teachers’ teaching and how classical experiments are adapted and challenged by new conditions. The results indicate that tradition is a stronger factor of influence than policy documents, in particular when very limited time is allowed for professional development.

FULL TEXT IN SWEDISH.
Parental engagement in children’s STEM education. Part I: Meta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Milner-Bolotin Marina , Marotto Carlos C. F.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a meta-analysis of the literature on parental engagement with children’s formal and informal science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. Five recurrent themes have emerged from the literature review: The challenges of supporting parents with children’s STEM education; STEM education as a bridge between school and family; STEM education as a gateway for children’s future economic success; STEM education as a vehicle for promoting student communication skills; and, the role of hands-on inquiry-based activities in enhancing student engagement. We also outline some international informal STEM education initiatives, their scope, challenges and impact.
Effectiveness of education intervention programme on life support measures for the nurses working in emergency unit of BPKIHS: a pre-experimental study
Authors: Yadav Upendra , Mehta RS
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Lack of resuscitation skills of nurses in basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS) has been identified as a contributing factor to poor outcomes of cardiac arrest victims.Objective: To assess the effectiveness of education intervention programme to improve the knowledge of, and thereby the quality of Emergency service; especially in the area of Basic Life Support, Advance Life Support and Triage system.Method: Pre-experimental research design was used to conduct the study among the nurses working in Emergency units of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences where CPR is very commonly performed. Using convenient sampling technique, a total of 24 nurses agreed to participate and to give consent were included in the study. The theoretical, demonstration and re-demonstration sessions were arranged, involving the trained doctors and nurses during the three hours educational programme. Post-test was carried out after education intervention programme. The 2010 BLS and ALS guidelines were used as guide for the study contents. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-15 software.Result: It was found that there is significant increase in knowledge after education intervention in the components of life support measures (BLS/ALS) i.e. ratio of chest compression to ventilation in BLS (P= 0.001), correct sequence of CPR (p< 0.001), rate of chest compression in ALS (P= 0.001), the depth of chest compression in adult CPR (p< 0.001), and position of chest compression in CPR (P= 0.016). The participating nurses well appreciated the programme and requested to continue in future for all the nurses.Conclusion: The workshop certainly improves the knowledge of the working nurses, and thereby the quality of Emergency service; especially in the areas of Basic Life Support, Advance Life Support and Triage System.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, page: 14-19
Endoscopic medial maxillectomy for sinonasal inverted papilloma
Authors: Thapa Chettri Shyam , Karki S , Shah SP , Sah BP , Manandar S , Kandel D , Mishra S , Jaiswal RK , Panthi N
Published: May 2018

Background: Traditionally, medial maxillectomy was performed through lateral rhinotomy or mid facial degloving approach for inverted papilloma. Endoscopic medial maxillectomy, since reported first in 1992, has advanced tremendously and has been advocated by a number of authors for the fact that it prevents the morbidity of open approach with a similar recurrence rate. We present our experience of endoscopic medial maxillectomy for sinonasal inverted papilloma.Aims and Objective: To highlight the treatment of inverted papilloma through transnasal endoscopic approach.Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of 18 patients out of 23 patients of which 5 were lost on follow-up with inverted papilloma who were treated during the last 2 years. Preoperative diagnosis was made on histopathological examination and Krouse staging in CT scans of paranasal sinus was used to estimate the extent of the disease. Then, surgical approach was decided. Post-operative follow up was done by performing direct nasal endoscopy. All patients were followed up for a minimum period of 1 year.Results: Among the 18 patients who underwent endoscopic medial maxillectomy, sex (male : female) ratio were 1.25: 1, age ranged from 24 yrs to 69 yrs with average being 41.7 yrs. According to Krouse staging, 2 patients were in Stage I, 9 patients in Stage II and 7 patients in Stage III. The laterality of the lesion was more on the right. The commonest site of attachment was found to be the lateral wall of nose. The average duration of hospital stay was 4 days. The commonest complication was nasal crusting and the recurrence rate was 11.11%.Conclusion: This work confirms the results described in recent literature and further supports transnasal endoscopic surgery to manage inverted papilloma.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, Page: 20-24
Questionnaire survey on methods of determining the relationship of the mandibular canal and third molars
Authors: Mainali Apeksha , Vaidya A
Published: May 2018

Background: Clinicians should assess and monitor mandibular canal (MC) to achieve an uneventful and successful final result. Two dimensional techniques like panoramic radiography, intra oral periapical radiographs are commonly used for assessment of MC, along with three dimensional techniques like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Objectives: To assess the radiologic modalities and assessment criteria used by clinically practicing dental surgeons when determining the proximity of MC to third molars.Method: A questionnaire based study was carried out among national and international oral maxillofacial surgeons and general dental practitioners. Data were fed to SPSS software version 21 for descriptive statistics.Result: Most of the participants (54.7%) in the study preferred combination of panoramic radiograph and CBCT for determining the relationship of mandibular canal and third molars measures.Conclusion: Initial screening can be carried out using panoramic radiograph which is a popular method in determining the relation between the third molar and mandibular canal in spite of some limitations. Cone Beam Computed Tomography is an important three-dimensional imaging technique which is a preferred method amongst most dental surgeons.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, page: 44-50
Vaginal administration of isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening prior to induction of labor for postdated pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rai Rubina , Basnet P , Thakur A , Pradhan T
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Induction of labor is commonly practiced intervention in modern Obstetrics. The aim of induction of labor is to initiate labor when maternal and fetal conditions necessitate delivery before the onset of spontaneous contraction with purpose to achieve safe vaginal delivery. Induction of labor is one of the most commonly practiced interventions in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology every day. The success of this obstetric practice is highly dependent upon the condition of the cervix which is assessed with Bishop‟s Score and it is well known that unfavorable cervix is associated with failure of induction and cesarean section. In the recent years, there has been a considerable interest in the use of nitrous oxide donors for cervical ripening and labor induction.Objective: To evaluate whether isosorbide mononitrate administered vaginally prior to induction in postdated pregnancy is effective for pre-induction cervical ripening and thus, improves the process of induction of labor.Methods: One hundred and twenty women scheduled for labor induction were recruited and assigned randomly to isosorbide mononitrate or placebo followed by misoprostol 25μg. The efficacy of the medication was evaluated by predetermined outcome variables for cervical ripening and induction of labor and delivery.Results: The groups were comparable with respect to age, gestational age and Bishop‟s score. Women receiving isosorbide with misoprostol didn‟t show any improvement in the Bishop‟s score compared to misoprostol and placebo. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding time of delivery and onset of active stage of labor from induction. Cesarean delivery rates were similar between the two groups; however, the indications of the cesarean section were different between the two groups which were significant statistically. Neonatal outcome were similar between the two groups.Conclusion: The addition of vaginal isosorbide mononitrate to oral misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction did not reduce time to vaginal delivery and didn‟t help in improving pre-induction cervical score.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, page: 51-58
Wernicke’s encephalopathy- a case report
Authors: Adhikari Baikuntha Raj , Sapkota N , Gautam R , Basnet M , Koirala P , Limbu S
Published: May 2018

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by acute onset, nystagmus and oculomotor abnormalities, and a confusional state. Chronic alcohol intake is still the most common reason. Wernicke's encephalopathy, if not recognized and treated, can become irreversible. Common findings in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) include: symmetric T2 Weighted Image (T2) hyperintensities in peri-aqueductal gray matter, dorsal medial thalamus and mammillary bodies. This case highlights neurological deficits, persistent memory and disorientation.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, page: 78-81
How contingencies of self-worth influence reactions to emotional and sexual infidelity
Authors: Ellis Myddryn , Kleinplatz Peggy J.
Published: May 2018

How do men and women interpret the meaning of sexual infidelities? Is it different from the way they interpret emotional infidelities? People make different attributions regarding infidelity depending on their self-worth. The influence of this intrapsychic factor on reactions to infidelity deserves greater study. Some people will construe infidelity as evidence of their partners' lack of trustworthiness. Others might attribute infidelity to situational factors beyond anyone's control, and avoid blaming their partners altogether. However, if one's sense of self-worth is highly contingent on external sources their attributions may change. In these cases, one may interpret infidelity to mean that others find him or her undesirable and unlovable. In the present study, we sought to investigate how self-worth might influence reactions to sexual versus emotional infidelity using the Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale (CSWS) and the Buss Jealousy Instrument. A chi square analysis was used to determine whether reactions to infidelity depended on sex and Hotelling's T-square test was used to determine whether CSWS domains were dependent on sex. Binomial logistic regressions were conducted to assess between-sex and within-sex differences in reactions to emotional versus sexual infidelity. There was no significant difference between men's and women's reactions to sexual versus emotional infidelity. Greater distress associated with sexual infidelity was found in men whose self-worth was contingent on competition, but this difference was not found in women. Clinicians may benefit from an awareness of how intrapsychic factors influence clients' reactions to infidelity.
Discussions about STI histories and HIV-statuses among Gay men in Ottawa: An HIV prevention analysis
Authors: O'Byrne Patrick
Published: May 2018

As part of examining the public health effects of media releases about HIV-status nondisclosure, a semi-structured interview technique was employed to collect data about gay men's perceptions of and experiences with HIV-status disclosure, nondisclosure, and prevention. In this article, participants' (N=27) narratives about their expectations of how and when HIV-status disclosure and discussions about STI histories should occur are presented, and then contrasted against stated (hypothetical) expectations with the stories they recounted about discussing HIV-status during previous sexual contacts (actual practices). These data highlight that the overwhelming socio-sexual norm among gay men in Ottawa is not to discuss HIV-status, and, instead, to perform HIV risk assessments based on the characteristics of their sexual partners and their relationships with these men. A small subset of participants, however, noted they used condoms to maintain what was called the code of silence (i.e., the norm not to discuss HIV), and to simultaneously minimize HIV transmission during sexual contacts with casual or anonymous partners. In light of the extant literature about STIs, HIV, and prevention among gay men, these data provide important insights for HIV prevention workers, who should consider how to tailor prevention efforts to local communities.
Aetiology of Urinary Outflow Obstruction at a tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Jahangir , Ara Rumi Farhad , Mohammad Din , Quddus Abdul
Published: May 2018

Background: There are several etiologies of urinary tract obstructions.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the etiology of urinary tract obstructions. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from September 1994 to December 1995 for a period of one year and three months. All the patients who were presented with bladder outflow obstruction and were admitted in the general surgical unit of the hospital were taken as study population.Result: A total number of 50 patients were recruited for this study. The most frequent cause of bladder outflow obstruction was benign enlargement of prostate (26.0%), next common cause was impacted urethra stone (22.0%) and stricture urethra (22.0%). Rupture urethra was found in 7(14.0%) cases and carcinoma of prostate was found in 3(6.0%) cases.Conclusion: In conclusion the most frequent cause of bladder outflow obstruction is benign enlargement of prostate, impacted urethra stone and stricture urethra.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2018;5(1):3-6
Study of Bone Tumors in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Dhaka City
Authors: Begum Kazi Nishat Ara , Ahmed Syed Salahuddin , Ali Md Ayub , Mollah Md Abdul Gani , Amin Md Nurul , Ray Subrata
Published: May 2018

Background: The wide spectrum of bone tumors, their rarity, diverse origin and tendency to produce overlapping anatomic patterns pose a definite diagnostic challenge to the orthopedic surgeons and the pathologists.Objective: The present study was intended to find the pattern of bone tumors and their anatomical locations, and histopathological characteristics in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka.Methodology: A retrospective review of the histopathological records of patients with established diagnosis of bone tumors at National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh was done from January 2015 to December 2016 for a period of two (02) years. The demographic data such as the age and sex, anatomical location and histopathological findings were studied from the existing records of the patients and their slides were reexamined. Bone lesions of inflammatory origin were excluded from this study leaving the lesions of both neoplastic and tumor-like origin for further study.Result: A total 283 cases of bone lesions were primarily included in the study. Bone lesions of inflammatory origin (n = 65) were excluded from this study leaving 218 lesions of both neoplastic and tumor-like origin for further study. The median age of the patients was 22 (range: 3 – 75) years. In terms of anatomical site of the tumors, over one-third (36.6%) was located in femur 21.1% in tibia, 12.2% in humerus, 6.1% in radius and 5.6% in ulna. In terms of types of bone tumor, 105(48.2%) were benign, 66(30.3%) malignant, 47(21.5%) tumor-like lesions. About 65% of the benign tumors were of Giant cell tumor, 28.5% were osteochondroma, 1% osteoma and 5.7% were of other types. Of the malignant tumors, one-third (33.3%) was of metastatic type, 27.3% Ewing’s sarcoma, 22.7% osteosarcoma, 9.1% chondrosarcoma and 4.6% were of other varieties.Conclusion: Primary bone tumors are mainly benign; however, giant cell and metastatic tumors are the most common benign and malignant bone tumors respectively.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2018;5(1):23-28
Performance of some broiler strains fed varying energy levles in wet season of semi-arid Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Sa’adu , Bashar Yahaya A , Abubakar Aminu , Abdullahi Aminu U , Ribah Mohammed Ibrahim , Garba Sani , Abbas AY , Mani AI
Published: May 2018

Three commercial broiler strains (Arbor-acre, Marshall and Hubbard) were placed under three dietary energy and crude protein levels of 2900 Kcal/kg (ME) - 22% CP, 3100 Kcal/kg (ME) - 23% CP, and 3300 Kcal/kg (ME) - 24% CP as low, medium and high energy levels at starter phase, respectively. At the finisher phase, the birds were fed 2800 Kcal/kg (ME) - 19% CP, 3000 Kcal/kg(ME) - 20% CP and 3200 Kcal/kg (ME) - 21% CP, in order to determine their productive performance in wet season of semi-arid. A total of 675 birds were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) comprising 225 birds each of each strain serving as treatments. Each group was replicated five times so that each replicate had 15 birds. Each strain group was fed three dietary energy levels at both starter and finisher phases for 56 days. Feed and water intakes, mortality, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, Cost/kg gain was determined at the end of the trial. Data recorded for each phase were subjected to Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) was used to compare the means. Results indicated that Hubbard strain had significantly (P<0.05) lowest cost/kg gain, mortality, feed conversion ratio, feed intake and higher weight gain than other strains. Low energy diet had significant higher (P<0.05) weight gain and lower cost/kg gain than both medium and high energy diets. The study concluded that; Hubbard strain fed low energy diet should be raised in wet season of semi-arid Sokoto due to its lower cost/kg gain, mortality, better feed conversion ratio and higher average daily gain compared to other strains.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 33-42, April 2018
Evaluation of different parameters in relation to repeat breeding of cows at the Coastal areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Matubber Bidyut , Paul Ashit Kumar , Das Sushanta
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presumptive factors might be responsible for repeat breeding syndrome of cows in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in different villages around the Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Outer campus, Barisal during the period from July to September 2017. A total of 100 repeat breeder cows were evaluated considering different presumptive influencing factors such as breed, age, parity, body condition score (BCS), fetal death, retention of placenta, post-partum endometritis, abortion, dystocia and managemental practices of cows. It was found that there was no significance (p>0.05) effect of parity and age of cows on the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome in local and crossbred cows. Repeat breeding syndrome was significantly higher in BCS 2.0 to 2.5 in local breed and 3.0 to 3.5 in crossbred cows than that of other groups. In the study animals, dystocia was 4.0%, fetal death was 58.2%, retention of placenta was 57.1%, post-partum endometritis was 4.1% in crossbred cows. Cows in semi-intensive system raring had significantly (P<0.05) higher (53.1%) of repeat breeding than that of others systems. Animals that were not dewormed (73.5%) and vaccinated (92.9%) had 73.5 % and 92.9% repeat breeding syndrome affected cows, respectively. It may concluded that simultaneously multiple factors such as irregular deworming and vaccination, subclinical endometritis, hormonal imbalance, early embryonic death due to low progesterone level, failure of proper heat detection and so on, might be also responsible to the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome in cows.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 49-55, April 2018
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate on milk preservation
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Islam Md Nurul , Rashid Md Harun Ur , Masum AKM
Published: May 2018

The present investigation was carried out to assess the effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on the keeping quality of raw cow milk. Milk samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm and initial quality were evaluated using physical and chemical tests at Dairy Technology Laboratory of the Department of Dairy Science, BAU. Then, collected samples were preserved at room temperature (28- 30°C) with 0.0 (control), 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 per cent NaCHO3. The quality of milk samples were measured at every two hours interval up to 6 hours, one hour interval upto 16 hours and thereafter every half an hour interval until spoilage. Initially, colour, flavour and texture of all milk samples were normal (100%), but with progressive storage time colour, flavour and texture of all samples deteriorated gradually, which was more rapid for control samples than that of the NaHCO3 treated samples. Acidity per cent of all samples increased gradually during storage period and the differences in acidity of milk samples in different treatments were significant (p<0.01). Control samples spoiled after 11¼th hours but that of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 percent NaHCO3 treated samples spoiled after 16¾th, 17¾th and 18¾th hours,, respectively. It may be concluded that NaHCO3 is the effective chemical neutralizing the acids produced by acid producing bacteria and can be used as a short term preservation of milk under rural condition of Bangladesh where scientific cooling or pasteurization facilities are not available.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 75-85, April 2018