bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-generation common-garden experiment reveals a strong genetic contribution to migration tendency in brown trout (Salmo trutta)
Authors: Vainikka Anssi , Elvidge Chris K. , Prokkola Jenni M. , Lemopoulos Alexandre , Vornanen Matti , Härkönen Laura S. , Alioravainen Nico , Hyvärinen Pekka
Published: May 2023

Many salmonids, including brown trout ( Salmo trutta), demonstrate alternative migration strategies under different environmental conditions, and as such, they are assumed to be predominantly facultative. Through experimental breeding for two generations, we produced purebred, crossed, and backcrossed groups of phenotypically resident, migratory, and hybrid strains of brown trout originating from a single watershed, and raised them in common-garden conditions. We examined the spring smolt migration tendency of the crosses in outdoor circular channels using passive integrated transponder telemetry at ages 2 and 3 years and found consistent and individually repeatable interstrain differences in migration distance and migration activity. The crossbred fish displayed intermediate behaviour, while later release to the migration channels with food augmentation affected the temporal dynamics of migration but not the total distances migrated. Migration tendency was positively associated with physiological smoltification and fish growth metrics. These results show that some earlier results interpreted as phenotypic plasticity may instead reflect genetic differences within and among populations. The intrinsic differences in reaction norms for both growth and migration tendency require novel management attention for effective conservation strategies.
The fate of dissolved sulfamethoxazole during spring-thaw snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application
Authors: Soto Haven S.J.S. , Amarakoon Inoka D. , Casson Nora J. , Kumaragamage Darshani , Wilson Henry F.
Published: May 2023

The fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in Prairie agroecosystems during snowmelt is not well understood. This study aims to provide the first estimates of concentrations and loads of SMX in snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application. The mean concentration of SMX throughout the snowmelt period was 0.0345 ± 0.066 µg/L. The SMX cumulative load was 3.81 ± 3.4 µg/L with a range of 1.03–12.8 µg/L. Both the concentration and load were not influenced by the method of manure application (i.e., surface applied versus sub-surface applied).
On production of excited Kaluza–Klein states in large radius compactification scenario
Authors: Maharana Jnanadeva
Published: May 2023

Production of exotic states at LHC is considered in the large radius compactification (LRC) scenario. We envisage a five-dimensional theory for a scalar field in five-dimensional flat space–time. It is compactified on a circle, [Formula: see text], with radius, [Formula: see text]. The radius is assumed to be in TeV scale appealing to LRC hypothesis. The production of Kaluza–Klein states whose masses lie in the vicinity of TeV range is considered. Instead of appealing to any specific model, bounds on inelastic cross-sections and near forward differential cross-section are derived from the Lehmann–Symanzik–Zimmermann (LSZ) formulation. We consider decompactified theory if the compactification radius is large enough to unravel the fifth spatial dimension in LHC energy scale. Bounds on cross-sections are also derived for this scenario. We present bounds on inclusive cross-sections for reactions like [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] being unobserved states. We plot the bounds as a function of energy and propose that these bounds might be useful for search of exotic states in LHC experiments like ATLAS and CMS.
Analysis of isotropic pressure condition in Chameleonic Brans–Dicke gravity
Authors: Maqsood F. , Yousaf Z. , Bhatti M. Z. , Rehman Sana
Published: May 2023

The prime goal of this paper is to analyze the conditions for the stability of the isotropic pressure condition with hydrostatic equilibrium constraint under the influence of Chameleonic Brans–Dicke gravity. We have formulated various expressions through the field equations, Bianchi identities, mass function, etc., to govern the spherically symmetric dissipative configuration. We have also evaluated the evolution equations for the conformal scalar and pressure isotropy in the modified theory. These equations exhibit the anisotropy factor as an inherent property of unequal principal stresses. The findings inferred the existence of some physical variables resulting in an initially isotropic matter content to produce anisotropy in pressure. These dynamical factors comprise density inhomogeneity, dissipative flux, or shear flow.
CROSSING THE DESERT: A MODEL FOR ALIEN SPECIES INVASION CONTAINMENT OR TO LESSEN HABITAT DISRUPTION EFFECTS
Authors: BELLAVERE ELENA , VENTURINO EZIO
Published: May 2023

In this paper we present a model for a possible containment way of alien species invasions. It relies on the application of one or more stripes on the ground for which the survival conditions are harsher. After reviewing a number of possible threats for biodiversity that are the main motivation of this study, as well as a few instances of landscape disruption, we present a reaction–diffusion model and report the simulations results in various conditions. The inferences indicate that the diffusion process can be delayed, through the use of multiple obstacles, thereby allowing the possibility of taking alternative measures in order to contain the invasion, at least for some time. We discuss the diffusion delay in terms of the level of hostility, the length and the number of consecutive repetitions of the harsh environments. Comparisons on the parameter space show that the harshness and structural characteristics of the stripes are intertwined in a non-trivial way. Alternatively, the model can be used to ascertain the situations in which a population living in a territory can still thrive when its habitat is broken by artifacts, whether human-built or resulting from natural causes. Examples of this sort are presented in the final discussion.
A SEASONALLY FORCED ECO-EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH DISEASE IN PREDATOR AND INCUBATION DELAY
Authors: SEN PRABIR , SAMANTA SUDIP , KHAN MAHAMMAD YASIN , MANDAL SAYAN , TIWARI PANKAJ KUMAR
Published: May 2023

Our current research is based on the investigation of an eco-epidemiological model that solely includes illness in predators. Predators, both healthy and diseased, are thought to consume prey and breed; however, the offsprings are expected to be vulnerable. To achieve a more realistic and explicit outcome of the existing phenomena correlated with our model system, we consider that the process of disease transmission is mediated by some time lag and the intensity of disease prevalence is seasonally forced. Our simulation results show that the disease dies out for lower intensity of disease prevalence or higher rate of consumption of prey by susceptible predator. The system undergoes subcritical/supercritical Hopf bifurcation as the parameters representing the intensity of disease prevalence, consumption rate of prey by susceptible/infected predator vary. The system exhibits two types of bistabilities: the first one between stable coexistence and oscillating coexistence, and the second one between two oscillatory coexistence cycles. Moreover, we see that with gradual increase in the incubation delay, the system shows transitions from stable focus to limit cycle oscillations to period doubling oscillations to chaotic dynamics. Chaotic dynamics is also observed for the periodic changes in the intensity of disease prevalence if it takes much time for the pathogens to develop sufficiently inside body of the susceptible predators.
Preparation and energy storage properties of 〈001〉-textured NaNbO3-based ceramics
Authors: Chen Zhengu , Chang Fan , Luo Gengguang , Ma Li , Chen Ju , Pei Jinge , Cen Zhenyong , Feng Qin , Toyohisa Fujita , Luo Nengneng
Published: May 2023

Dielectric materials with high energy storage density ([Formula: see text]) and efficiency ([Formula: see text]) are expected for energy storage capacitors. In this work, [Formula: see text]001[Formula: see text]-textured [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]NbO3 (NBN) ceramics were prepared by a templated grain growth technique. The effects of microstructure and orientation degree on dielectric properties, polarization and energy storage performance were investigated. The textured ceramic with an optimized orientation degree (70%) showed a high [Formula: see text] of 2.4 J/cm3 and [Formula: see text] of 85.6%. The excellent energy storage properties of textured ceramic originate from the co-effect of interfacial polarization and clamping effect. The results indicate that texture development is a potential candidate to optimize the energy storage properties of functional ceramics.
Biogeochemical fractal characteristics of trace elements in the Shizhuyuan polymetallic mining area and their significance for prospecting
Authors: Zhou Hao , Tan Kaixuan , Li Yongmei , Xie Yanshi , Han Shili , Xiao Wenzhou
Published: May 2023

Shizhuyuan is a world-class W–Sn supergiant polymetallic deposit, with a large area of potential mineralization around it. Samples were taken of
Dicranopteris dichotoma,
which is widely distributed in the Shizhuyuan mining area. Biogeochemical and Number–Size fractal methods were used to evaluate the biogeochemical characteristics of trace elements in the samples and the feasibility of indicating subsurface mineral deposits. The results reveal that
D. dichotoma
not only has strong uptake of the active state of metal elements (Zn, Mo, Cd, Sn, etc.) in the soil, but also show the geochemical anomalies of Zn, Fe, Tl, Ag, Pb, U, As, Bi, Cd, Mo and Sn in the study area. The Number–Size fractal method can effectively identify the concentration populations of biogeochemical target elements and obtain convincing anomaly thresholds. Analysis of the metal content of
D. dichotoma
is an effective tool for biogeochemical exploration of Pb–Zn–U hydrothermal deposits in the study area. Zinc as well as U are target elements, and Tl appears to be an effective pathfinder element for Pb–Zn–U mineralization. In addition, 260–340 m of Line 3
#
and 1100–1200 m of Line 8
#
are the key areas for future exploration of Pb–Zn–U hydrothermal deposits.
Single-Cell Multiomics
Authors: Flynn Emily , Almonte-Loya Ana , Fragiadakis Gabriela K.
Published: May 2023

Single-cell RNA sequencing methods have led to improved understanding of the heterogeneity and transcriptomic states present in complex biological systems. Recently, the development of novel single-cell technologies for assaying additional modalities, specifically genomic, epigenomic, proteomic, and spatial data, allows for unprecedented insight into cellular biology. While certain technologies collect multiple measurements from the same cells simultaneously, even when modalities are separately assayed in different cells, we can apply novel computational methods to integrate these data. The application of computational integration methods to multimodal paired and unpaired data results in rich information about the identities of the cells present and the interactions between different levels of biology, such as between genetic variation and transcription. In this review, we both discuss the single-cell technologies for measuring these modalities and describe and characterize a variety of computational integration methods for combining the resulting data to leverage multimodal information toward greater biological insight.
Human Microbiomes and Disease for the Biomedical Data Scientist
Authors: Golob Jonathan L.
Published: May 2023

The human microbiome is complex, variable from person to person, essential for health, and related to both the risk for disease and the efficacy of our treatments. There are robust techniques to describe microbiota with high-throughput sequencing, and there are hundreds of thousands of already-sequenced specimens in public archives. The promise remains to use the microbiome both as a prognostic factor and as a target for precision medicine. However, when used as an input in biomedical data science modeling, the microbiome presents unique challenges. Here, we review the most common techniques used to describe microbial communities, explore these unique challenges, and discuss the more successful approaches for biomedical data scientists seeking to use the microbiome as an input in their studies.
Prospects and Limitations of High-Resolution Single-Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy
Authors: Chari Ashwin , Stark Holger
Published: May 2023

Single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has matured into a robust method for the determination of biological macromolecule structures in the past decade, complementing X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Constant methodological improvements in both cryo-EM hardware and image processing software continue to contribute to an exponential growth in the number of structures solved annually. In this review, we provide a historical view of the many steps that were required to make cryo-EM a successful method for the determination of high-resolution protein complex structures. We further discuss aspects of cryo-EM methodology that are the greatest pitfalls challenging successful structure determination to date. Lastly, we highlight and propose potential future developments that would improve the method even further in the near future.
Suppressing Uncommanded Roll-Yaw Motion by Jet Flow Control Based on Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Dong Yizhang , Shi Zhiwei , Chen Kun , Chen Zhen
Published: May 2023

The suppression of uncommanded motion of aircraft at high angles of attack (α) is a research topic of continuous concern in the aviation field. Aiming at the suppression of uncommanded roll-yaw motion of a canard aircraft at high angles of attack, an experimental method of virtual flight test based on reinforcement learning is proposed in this paper. In the virtual flight experiment, the agent was trained to control the jet actuators, so as to suppress the uncommanded roll-yaw motion. Force measurements were conducted to obtain the performance of the jet actuators in a low-speed wind tunnel. The results show that when the spanwise jet actuator and the reverse jet actuator were working on the same side, their control effects were suppressed by each other. Then, the stability augmentation control law was trained through virtual flight experiments based on a reinforcement learning algorithm (TD3), and the uncommanded motion was successfully suppressed. The time histories of the reinforcement learning agent’s action in tests were analyzed, showing that the agent can avoid the coupling relationship between two kinds of jet actuators during tests.
Demonstration of a Wideband Multipolarization Transmitarray Antenna for Satellite Communication
Authors: Zhang Luming , Jiang Hao , Li Yihang , Suo Yixin , Yang Fan , Chen Feiliang , Li Mo , Wen Qiye , Zhang Jian
Published: May 2023

To meet the requirements of satellite communication (SATCOM), in this paper, a wideband high stability transmitarray antenna (TA) for SATCOM is proposed. The TA is composed of 225 metal-only unit cells that comprise three metallic layers with an air spacer in between. High stability is capable by adopting a simple metallic square loop and two pairs of orthogonal stubs with a 1 mm thickness of the layer, which ensures lower assembly complexity and higher integration. The proposed unit cell can also support linear polarization (LP) wave excitation and circular polarization (CP) wave excitation simultaneously. Meanwhile, the metal-only unit cell can operate without dielectric loss, which leads to higher working efficiency. By adjusting feature sizes, eight different kinds of the unit cell are designed to realize a 3-bit TA which enables obtaining a gain of 23.53 dBi. Finally, four TA prototypes have been fabricated and tested successfully. The measured result shows a 28.5% 3 dB gain bandwidth from 30 GHz to 40 GHz, which is in good consistency with the simulated design. This compact and mechanical robustness design provides an alternative proposal for SATCOM.
Awareness, Actions, and Predictors of Actions on Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Patients Attending a Referral Hospital in Southern Highland Tanzania
Authors: Sirili Nathanael , Kilonzi Manase , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Mohamedi Juma A. , Thobias Joseph Matobo , Clement Aurelia , Mwasomola Davance , Mushy Stella E.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This study assessed the awareness, actions, and predictors of actions on adverse drug reaction reporting among patients attending a referral hospital in southern highland Tanzania. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2022 at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital (MZRH) in Mbeya, Tanzania. A total of 792 adult patients with chronic conditions attending outpatient clinics at MZRH were recruited consecutively. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, ADR awareness, and actions when encountering ADR. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 and results are summarized using frequency and percentages. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the predictors associated with reporting ADR among patients.

P

value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Out of 792, 397 (50.1%) were males and 383 (48.6%) had a primary education level. Only 171 (21.6%) participants previously experienced ADR, and 111 (14.1%) were aware that ADR is an unexpected harm that occurs after medication use. The majority 597 (70.3%) of the participants said will report ADR to healthcare providers, 706 (88.9%) prefer reporting ADR to healthcare providers, and 558 (69.1%) said patients are not aware of the importance of reporting ADR. Patients aged below 65 years of age, unemployed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.4 (0.18–0.87), self-employed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.5 (0.32–0.83)), and those who ever encountered ADR ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.1 (0.05–0.11)) were more likely to report the ADR to HCPs compared to the rest. Conclusions. The majority of patients are not aware of what is ADR and the importance of ADR reporting. Most of the patients prefer to report ADR to healthcare providers. We recommend an awareness campaign to raise awareness of the patients on ADR and other methods of ADR reporting.
Mechanisms of Ganweikang Tablets against Chronic Hepatitis B: A Comprehensive Study of Network Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Chemical Profiling
Authors: Xu Jia-Qi , Su Shi-Bing , Chen C. Y. , Gao J. , Cao Z. M. , Guan J. L. , Xiao Lin-Xuan , Zhao Ming-Ming , Yu Hua , Hu Yuan-Jia
Published: May 2023

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major viral infection problems worldwide in public health. The exclusive proprietary Chinese medicine Ganweikang (GWK) tablet has been marketed for years in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, the pharmacodynamic material basis and underlying mechanism of GWK are not completely clear. This study is aimed at investigating the pharmacological mechanism of the GWK tablet in the treatment of CHB. The chemical ingredient information was obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database (TCMID), and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry of CAS. Ingredients and disease‐related targets were defined by a combination of differentially expressed genes from CHB transcriptome data and open‐source databases. Target‐pathway‐target (TPT) network analysis, molecular docking, and chemical composition analysis were adopted to further verify the key targets and corresponding active ingredients of GWK. Eight herbs of GWK were correlated to 330 compounds with positive oral bioavailability, and 199 correlated targets were identified. The TPT network was constructed based on the 146 enriched targets by KEGG pathway analysis, significantly associated with 95 pathways. Twenty‐five nonvolatile components and 25 volatile components in GWK were identified in UPLC‐QTOF/MS and GC‐MS chromatograms. The key active ingredients of GWK include ferulic acid, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, tormentic acid, 11‐deoxyglycyrrhetic acid, dibenzoyl methane, anisaldehyde, wogonin, protocatechuic acid, psoralen, caffeate, dimethylcaffeic acid, vanillin, β‐amyrenyl acetate, formonentin, aristololactam IIIa, and 7‐methoxy‐2‐methyl isoflavone, associated with targets CA2, NFKB1, RELA, AKT1, JUN, CA1, CA6, IKBKG, FOS, EP300, CREB1, STAT1, MMP9, CDK2, ABCB1, and ABCG2.
Supplementary Data File 2 from Phase II Investigation of TVB-2640 (Denifanstat) with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse High-Grade Astrocytoma
Authors: Kelly William , Diaz Duque Adolfo Enrique , Michalek Joel , Konkel Brandon , Caflisch Laura , Chen Yidong , Pathuri Sarath Chand , Madhusudanannair-Kunnuparampil Vinu , Floyd John , Brenner Andrew
Published: May 2023

RNA Analysis Summary
Experiencia social de ciberacoso sexual en jóvenes escolarizados de Bogotá
Authors: Mojica-Bautista Lady Diana
Published: May 2023

(analítico)Explicar y comprender la forma en que jóvenes escolarizados que han pasado por situaciones de ciberacoso sexual construyen su experiencia social requiere de investigaciones diseñadas desde perspectivas comprensivas. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa que incluyó la revisión de fuentes documentales oficiales y de prensa y la aplicación de técnicas mixtas como cuestionarios, entrevistas y el uso de un modelo de investigaciónacción participativa con estudiantes de educación básica y media de tres colegios públicos de Bogotá ubicados en localidades reportadas con altos índices de acoso escolar. Como hallazgos se resalta la construcción heterogénea de experiencias con estrategias diversas para hacer frente al acoso y tensiones en el ejercicio de derechos. Finalmente, se proponen acciones de prevención desde diferentes subsistemas para hacer frente a estas realidades.
Palabras clave: Ciberacoso, ciberacoso sexual, experiencia social, jóvenes.
Management of natural resources in protected areas: interinstitutional dialogue, social capital, and agency in the transition to agroecological systems
Authors: Nogueira Aico Sipriano
Published: May 2023

This article analyses the processes of  participation and integration of  groups living in and around protected areas, in efforts to convert conventional methods of agricultural production into agroecologicallysustainable practices. Taking as a case study a community located in the  buffer zone of a large conservation unit, and part of the main contiguous remaining areas of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, this work focuses on the articulation among multiple  existing elements in this area: an  agroecological settlement, different levels of governance, internal social differentiation and classification  systems, community agency,  antagonistic visions of development, and their effects on community  development practices. It also  examines the external connections  that the community establishes, acting as an instrument of compliance and reproduction of the dominant agrifood regime, and contributing to the  formation and strengthening of an alternative short circuit of production and commercialization network, integrating local family producers to  the consumers in large urban centres.
“Saia do Brasil Agora”: emigração brasileira como ação antecipatória
Authors: Millar Kathleen M. , Fanini Michele A.
Published: May 2023

Nos últimos anos, o número de brasileiros a deixarem o país atingiu cifras recordes, o que parece indicar uma nova e sem precedentes fase emigratória. Em contraste com os períodos anteriores da emigração brasileira, esta recente fase é composta, principalmente, de brasileiros que partem em família, com a intenção de não mais retornarem ao Brasil como residentes. O artigo analisa este novo movimento, por meio de uma etnografia dos brasileiros na Grande Vancouver, Canadá, região onde essa população triplicou entre 2006 e 2021. Argumentamos se tratar de um movimento migratório em resposta a sentimentos generalizados e difusos de apreensão e medo em relação ao futuro no Brasil, que destoam do padrão de vida confortável e da posição relativamente privilegiada daqueles que estão se mudando. A emigração emerge, assim, como uma forma de ação antecipatória impulsionada pelo que aqui denominamos de um “mal-estar de classe média”.
Entrevista com Monique de Saint Martin
Authors: Jardim Maria Chaves , Martins Thais Joi
Published: May 2023

Entrevista com Monique de Saint Martin.
Abdelmalek Sayad, Femmes em rupture de ban: entretiens inédits avec deux Algériennes
Authors: Dias Gustavo
Published: May 2023

Resenha de Femmes em rupture de ban. Entretiens inédits avec deux Algériennes, Raisons d'agir, 2021, de Abdelmalek Sayad.
A escassez dos semicondutores e as transformações recentes do mercado automotivo
Authors: Pimentel André de Pieri , Pinho Isabela Vianna , Mano Apoena , Soares Anna Clara Pereira
Published: May 2023

No contexto de pandemia do Covid-19,  a cadeia automotiva no Brasil foi  impactada pela indisponibilidade de semicondutores – microchips  utilizados na produção de automóveis  e de equipamentos eletrônicos, cujo  consumo vem também produzindo  impactos nos mercados de automóveis e autopeças. Este artigo objetiva  analisar transformações recentes no setor, tomando como mote os  deslocamentos contemporâneos na circulação desse componente. Tal  análise partirá de dois contextos empíricos distintos: o Porto de Santos e um desmanche de veículos em São Paulo. Argumentamos que as transformações em tela devem ser compreendidas no cruzamento entre mobilidades físicas e comunicativas, apontando para importantes inflexões na cadeia automotiva em escala transnacional.
The global value chain of second-hand cars and scraps: an ethnographic account of on-the-ground practices, labour and regulations in Ghana
Authors: Cohen Corentin
Published: May 2023

The article draws on ethnographic observations of second-hand car and spare-parts traders in Ghana to  analyse how these goods are traded over continents and how the value of a car is shaped by grounded practices and categories that I describe. The position of Ghana in this global valuechain relies on regulations forged by  the alliance between politicians,  traders and mechanics of the informal sector, now challenged by manufacturers who promise to  contribute to the country’s industrialisation; and the availability of skilled and cheap labour. This renders viable operations impossible  elsewhere. I hypothesise that as these wastes are revalued in West Africa,  they sustain the production cycle and automotive industry in rich countries.
A Internacional Situacionista e a ideia de um mundo sem fronteiras
Authors: Matos Alex de Carvalho
Published: May 2023

O recente debate pautado por Balibar, Simone, Mbembe e Boaventura sobre a ideia de “um mundo sem fronteiras” evoca questões colocadas há mais de meio século pela Internacional Situacionista. Em torno da ideia de Urbanismo Unitário, este movimento de vanguarda articulou as interpretações de Guy-Ernst Debord (1931-1994) sobre a psicogeografia e a prática da deriva e as experimentações teórico- artísticas de Aton Constant Nieuwenhuys (1920-2005) na pintura, na escultura e na arquitetura, colocando a superação de fronteiras como uma tarefa fundamental de sua agenda revolucionária. No presente artigo, tendo como pano de fundo a crítica à colonialidade, são discutidas as afinidades entre o Urbanismo Unitário do pós-guerra e o atual debate sobre "um mundo sem fronteiras".
A deriva: superação da arte ou obra de arte?
Authors: Jappe Anselm , Lima Rodrigo Nogueira , Andrade Carlos Roberto Monteiro de
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo analisa a relação entre a deriva situacionista e certas práticas artísticas contemporâneas as quais tem como princípio comum o andar como prática estética. Nosso objetivo não é discutir o valor das experiências artísticas que se reivindicam da deriva situacionista, ou que são relacionadas ao ideário da Internacional Situacionista pela crítica, mas esclarecer a origem e os princípios que animaram os jovens letristas e situacionistas em suas incursões urbanas.
A reprodução excêntrica do centro: grandes projetos urbanos no subúrbio e periferia de São Paulo
Authors: Góes Rafael Cruz de
Published: May 2023

O artigo analisa dois grandes projetos urbanos que buscam reproduzir as dinâmicas de centralidade em áreas não-centrais da metrópole paulistana. A ideia de área não-central procura abarcar um campo maior de relações socioespaciais além do par centro-periferia. Para tanto, caracteriza-se os conceitos de subúrbio e periferia a partir da história de ocupação dos territórios do Grande ABC e Itaquera e suas relações com a centralidade constituída da metrópole. Em seguida, aprofunda-se nos desdobramentos dos projetos Eixo Tamanduateí em Santo André e Operação Urbana Rio Verde-Jacu na zona leste paulistana, a partir dos seus objetivos de estabelecerem novas centralidades regionais.
Estrategias enunciativas en el discurso musical del hip hop: el caso de MF DOOM
Authors: Núñez-Alberca Alejandro
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo es el resultado de una indagación respecto a la obra del músico y productor discográfico de origen británico Daniel Dumile, mejor conocido por su nombre artístico MF DOOM. El enfoque fue cualitativo y se empleó el análisis discursivo con base en la semiótica estructural francesa. El objetivo consistió en identificar las  strategias de articulación del yo a partir del proceso de enunciación musical de la letra y emparentarlo con otras manifestaciones artísticas del cantante. Se comprueba que el estilo lírico de Dumile depende de un muy delicado juego de desembragues y embragues enunciativos, los cualessirven de base para construir personajes en distintos momentos de sus composiciones y aproximándose lúdicamente al enunciatario.
Das cortes de justiça aos palcos midiáticos: estudo do gênero denúncia a partir da Operação Lava Jato
Authors: Lucena Mônica Barrêto Nóbrega de
Published: May 2023

Por meio da noção de gênero integrada à semiótica das práticas, o presente trabalho busca investigar, a partir de um texto-ocorrência, a denúncia criminal. Parte-se da primeira denúncia efetuada pela Operação Lava Jato contra o naquela época ex-presidente Lula, a do Triplex do Guarujá, para analisar as características de produção e de  circulação desse documento para, numa perspectiva pancrônica, compreender como elas se encaixam no gênero denúncia e como se pode pensar, a partir dessa noção, a prática jurídica da operação. A partir dos dados encontrados, descreve-se uma mudança na cena prática da denúncia, que se desloca de uma disputa jurídica para uma disputa midiática, associando-se esse cenário aos abusos de direitos cometidos pela operação e ao uso de lawfare.
Julia Kristeva, leitora audaciosa de Bakhtin
Authors: Arán Pampa Olga
Published: May 2023

Nos anos 1960, a leitura de Kristeva permitiu não só a introdução de Bakhtin no Ocidente, mas uma apropriação produtiva que deve ser vista como ponto de articulação de novas e aceleradas configurações do pensamento europeu da segunda metade do século XX. O objetivo deste trabalho é entender por que Kristeva recupera Bakhtin como texto fundador de um projeto semiótico e de que modo se produz um desenho de um novo objeto de estudo para a literatura. Primeiramente, tratamos de um prólogo que escreveu à tradução francesa La poétique de Dostoïevski, em que critica o formalismo russo e, por extensão, as formas radicalizadas do estruturalismo literário de seu tempo. Em um segundo momento, é analisado um ensaio kristeviano sobre o romance, no qual a leitura de Bakhtin se expressa claramente como a base para fundar um projeto semiótico, sua proposta de semanálise.
Enunciação musical e seus modos de existência: Gisèle Brelet e Iannis Xenakis sob a ótica tensiva
Authors: Bonin Gustavo Cardoso
Published: May 2023

Os atos musicais constituem modos de viver a música, cujos processos realizam e dinamizam os elementos de sistemas e culturas musicais diversas. Para tratarmos dos modos de existências de uma enunciação musical que dê conta da diversidade de manifestações de uma práxis sonoro-musical coletiva, aproximaremos, sob a ótica da abordagem tensiva, dois pensamentos sobre o tempo musical: o da musicóloga e esteticista francesa Gisèle Brelet e o do compositor grego Iannis Xenakis. Com Brelet, traremos a síntese do ritmo, ou a ideia de uma “prosódia geral” da música, e duas definições de silêncio. Com Xenakis, nos valeremos das suas álgebras temporais (hors-temps, temporelle een-temps) para fazermos uma ligação com os modos de existência (virtualizado, atualizado, realizado e potencializado) tal como são pensados pela abordagem tensiva, desenvolvida por Jacques Fontanille e, principalmente, Claude Zilberberg. Por fim, apresentaremos três cenários de possíveis existências musicais da peça Mycenae-Alpha (1978) de Iannis Xenakis.
Tracés de fondation à Rome
Authors: Boudon Pierre
Published: May 2023

A la suite de l’ouvrage collectif publié par Marcel Detienne (1990), nous avons repris le thème des tracés de fondation, en particulier celui de la Rome antique, inaugurée par Romulus selon un rituel de fondation (Plutarque). C’est pour nous l’occasion de reprendre nos analyses des lieux et de les développer à partir d’une thématisation selon notre approche sémiotique au moyen d’une schématisation logico-topologique appelée templum. C’est à travers la notion de mythogramme que nous avons différencié cette approche : structure d’orientation d’un espace, actantialité associée à des types de rituel, planification d’un ordre urbain qui se retrouvera tout au long de l’histoire romaine. Ces trois schématisations corrélées – auxquelles il faudrait associer, de façon sous-jacente, la logique d’établissement des lieux développée dans notre livre précédent (2013) – permettent de caractériser l’idée d’une forme urbaine typique dans sa récurrence.
In media(tization) studies we love metaphors
Authors: Scolari Carlos A.
Published: May 2023

The long history of mass communication theories is full of metaphors, from Shannon and Weaver’s ‘transmission channel’ to Noelle-Neumann’s ‘spiral of silence’. The objective of the chapter is to give an overview of the use of metaphors and models in mediatized communication studies. Special attention is given to the metaphors that support the representations of digital and interactive communication practices; in this context, the chapter deals with the metaphors of the Internet, the World Wide Web, and new platforms and introduces the main metaphors of media change. The chapter concludes with a series of reflections on the risks and benefits of metaphorical reasoning and includes a call for ‘metaphorical experimentation’.
A dança de Teseu
Authors: Damish Hubert , Afonso Claudia
Published: May 2023

Hubert Damisch (1928-2017) foi um filósofo francês especializado em estética e história da arte que trabalhou como professor da École des Hautes Études em Sciences Sociales (EHESS) em Paris, entre os anos de 1975-1986. “A dança de Teseu” foi publicado na revista Tel Quel no verão de 1966 em uma edição que contou com a participação de importantes pensadores franceses da época, entre eles Jacques Derrida. O texto “A dança de Teseu” configurou-se como referência para as análises estéticas que envolvem discussões em arquitetura, e suas interpretações para o mito instigaram o surgimento de obras que aprofundaram e ampliaram a importância da compreensão da influência que a personagem mitológica de Dédalo teve para o ofício de projetação.
Rapid Improvements in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Immediately Following Hospital Discharge
Authors: van Bakel Bram M. A. , de Koning Iris A. , Bakker Esmée A. , Pop Gheorghe A. M. , Cramer Etienne , van Geuns Robert‐Jan M. , Thijssen Dick H. J. , Eijsvogels Thijs M. H.
Published: May 2023

Background

Little is known about changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) patterns in the acute phase of a myocardial infarction (MI). We objectively assessed PA and SB during hospitalization and the first week after discharge.

Methods and Results

Consecutively admitted patients hospitalized with an MI were approached to participate in this prospective cohort study. SB, light‐intensity PA, and moderate‐vigorous intensity PA were objectively assessed for 24 h/d during hospitalization and up to 7 days after discharge in 165 patients. Changes in PA and SB from the hospital to home phase were evaluated using mixed‐model analyses, and outcomes were stratified for predefined subgroups based on patient characteristics. Patients (78% men) were aged 65±10 years and diagnosed with ST‐segment–elevation MI (50%) or non–ST‐segment–elevation MI (50%). Sedentary time was high during hospitalization (12.6 [95% CI, 11.8–13.7] h/d) but substantially decreased following transition to the home environment (−1.8 [95% CI, −2.4 to −1.3] h/d). Furthermore, the number of prolonged sedentary bouts (≥60 minutes) decreased between hospital and home (−1.6 [95% CI, −2.0 to −1.2] bouts/day). Light‐intensity PA (1.1 [95% CI, 0.8–1.6] h/d) and moderate‐vigorous intensity PA (0.2 [95% CI, 0.1–0.3] h/d) were low during hospitalization but significantly increased following transition to the home environment (light‐intensity PA: 1.8 [95% CI, 1.4–2.3] h/d; moderate‐vigorous intensity PA: 0.4 [95% CI, 0.3–0.5] h/d; both
P
<0.001). Improvements in PA and SB were similar across groups, except for patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and who did not improve their PA patterns after discharge.

Conclusions

Patients with MI demonstrate high levels of SB and low PA volumes during hospitalization, which immediately improved following discharge at the patient's home environment.

Registration

URL: trialsearch.who.int/; Unique identifier: NTR7646.
The Dynamics of an Entangled Security Dilemma: China's Changing Nuclear Posture
Authors: Hiim Henrik Stålhane , Fravel M. Taylor , Trøan Magnus Langset
Published: May 2023

Amid an intensifying rivalry with the United States, China is modernizing and significantly expanding its nuclear forces. These developments fuel concerns that China's traditional nuclear strategy premised on a limited nuclear arsenal for assured retaliation and a no-first-use policy is undergoing a major shift. Using Chinese-language materials, an examination of Chinese debates about China's security environment and the future direction of its nuclear strategy finds that a nuclear-conventional entangled security dilemma is emerging between the United States and China. The shift in the conventional balance of force in the region and the U.S. development of lower-yield nuclear weapons has led to greater fears in China of U.S. limited nuclear use in a conflict. Chinese strategists increasingly believe that U.S. nonnuclear strategic capabilities threaten China's nuclear forces. Although there is limited evidence of a shift in its nuclear strategy, China is changing its strategic posture to ensure its second-strike capability, including by relying on advanced conventional weapons (e.g., counterspace capabilities, cyber weapons, and electronic warfare) that can target U.S. missile defense. The dynamics of an entangled security dilemma may weaken arms race stability, and they underscore why it will be challenging for the United States to engage China in nuclear arms control.
“The Earth My Throne, The Heavens My Crown”: Siyāvash as Supranational Hero in Ferdowsi’s Shāh-nāma
Authors: Gabbay Alyssa
Published: May 2023

This article explores the Shāh-nāma’s recounting of the tragic myth of Prince Siyāvash and analyzes the implications of Siyāvash’s supranational ethical sense in an epic often closely associated with proto-nationalism and a concrete sense of Iranian identity. It proposes that Ferdowsi’s depiction of Siyāvash’s evolving sense of identity—one that contains elements of what we would associate today with supranationalism (or cosmopolitanism) and hybridity—creates a subtext that promotes ideals running counter to the proto-nationalist tendencies outwardly espoused by the epic. This subtext helped facilitate the long-held view of Siyāvash as a figure of great spiritual import whose plight has larger resonance than that merely of nation and homeland. The supranational aspects of the story likewise make it highly relevant for today, when exile, refugees, and the question of nationalism versus supranationalism abound in both literary and political discourse.
Production and Mortuary Consumption of Copper-Base Materials at Susa in the Early to Middle Bronze Age Transition
Authors: Wicks Yasmina
Published: May 2023

At the critical junction of the Early and Middle Bronze Ages, marked by the fall of the Ur iii polity, the city of Susa in today’s southwest Iran left Mesopotamian control and became the lowland seat of the Shimashki and then Sukkalmah dynasts of the Zagros mountains, who elevated Elam as a significant power on the dynamic early Middle Bronze Age Near Eastern geopolitical stage. This transition ushered in new political, economic, and social conditions, which this paper argues can be detected in Susa’s mortuary record, particularly in the consumption of copper-base materials. A comparison of burial assemblages and evidence for the copper-base metallurgy industry before and after the transition demonstrates that while copper-base objects had already played a critical social role under Mesopotamian rule, their deployment in the structuring of Susian society expanded with the transition to eastern rule and more widespread changes in economic production and trade.
Precious Stones and Bronzes in Jade Age and Bronze Age of China
Authors: LI Kin Sum (Sammy)
Published: May 2023

This article aims to revisit the terms ‘Jade Age’ and ‘Bronze Age’ in respect to Chinese archaeology and history. It argues that the active exchanges of techniques, ideas, and tools between the bronze and stone producers have blurred the definitions of these periods and proposes that we focus more on the concrete agents in history. This article adopts evidence from the cold mechanical treatments of precious stones and bronzes. It presents and analyzes traces of polishing and chiseling on bronze surfaces and argues that some of the traces may have been left by abrasives as practiced in the lithic industry. This demonstrates that lapidary skills and the post-casting treatments of bronze objects were interrelated.
A taxonomic revision of the nominotypical subgenus Tiphia Fabricius, 1775(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Tiphiinae) from China, with three new species and a key to the Chinese species
Authors: HAN QIAN , WANG HE-SHENG , CHEN BIN , LI TING-JING
Published: May 2023

In this study, twenty-one species of the nominotypical subgenus Tiphia Fabricius from China are described and illustrated in detail, including three new species and ten new records as follows: Tiphia (Tiphia) flavobrunnea sp. nov., T. (T.) longistria sp. nov., T. (T.) mediocarinata sp. nov., T. (T.) aurata Allen, 1975, T. (T.) borneana Cameron, 1907, T. (T.) dayi Krombein, 1982, T. (T.) dutti Allen, 1975, T. (T.) incisa Cameron, 1897, T. (T.) lawrencei Allen, 1975, T. (T.) pulchaukiae Allen, 1975, T. (T.) s-secunda Allen, 1975, T. (T.) toreuta Boni Bartalucci, 2010 and T. (T.) weismani Krombein, 1982. In addition, the females of four species are firstly described, namely T. (T.) chihpenchia Tsuneki, 1986a, T. (T.) cilicincta Allen & Jaynes, 1930, T. (T.) mongolica Tsuneki, 1986b, and T. (T.) wuyiana Chen & Yang, 2003. And the males of four following species are also firstly described: T. (T.) choui Chen & Yang, 1991, T. (T.) nervidirecta Allen & Jaynes, 1930, T. (T.) pigmentata Allen & Jaynes 1930, and T. (T.) taiwana Ishikawa, 1967. Based on our collections and relevant references, a key to the Chinese species of the subgenus Tiphia is firstly compiled.
Revision of Limnocoris Stål (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae) of the Guiana Shield and Amazon regions
Authors: RODRIGUES HIGOR D. D. , SITES ROBERT W.
Published: May 2023

The species of Limnocoris of the Guiana Shield and Amazon regions of South America are revised, including the descriptions of five new species: L. amazonensis n. sp., L. moreirai n. sp., and L. yanomami n. sp. from Brazil, L. flavescens n. sp. from Venezuela, and L. inflatus n. sp. from Suriname. Further, supplemental descriptions are provided for four previously described species: L. burmeisteri De Carlo, L. fittkaui De Carlo, L. menkei La Rivers, and L. surinamensis Nieser n. stat.; the latter was a subspecies and is here elevated to full species status. The following synonymies are proposed, with junior synonyms in brackets: L. burmeisteri De Carlo [L. lautereri Nieser, Chen & Melo n. syn.] and L. menkei La Rivers [L. birabeni De Carlo n. syn., L. bruchi De Carlo n. syn.]. An illustrated taxonomic key and distribution maps are also presented.
The Last Man Who Knew Everything
Authors: Robinson Andrew
Published: May 2023

No one has given the polymath Thomas Young (1773–1829) the all-round examination he so richly deserves—until now. Celebrated biographer Andrew Robinson portrays a man who solved mystery after mystery in the face of ridicule and rejection, and never sought fame.

As a physicist, Young challenged the theories of Isaac Newton and proved that light is a wave. As a physician, he showed how the eye focuses and proposed the three-colour theory of vision, only confirmed a century and a half later. As an Egyptologist, he made crucial contributions to deciphering the Rosetta Stone. It is hard to grasp how much Young knew.

This biography is the fascinating story of a driven yet modest hero who cared less about what others thought of him than for the joys of an unbridled pursuit of knowledge—with a new foreword by Martin Rees and a new postscript discussing polymathy in the two centuries since the time of Young. It returns this neglected genius to his proper position in the pantheon of great scientific thinkers.
Variation of eGFR reporting and CKD equations used in the United Kingdom
Authors: Marrington Rachel , MacKenzie Finlay
Published: May 2023

Background

UK Clinical laboratories have been routinely reporting an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine measurements using an eGFR equation since the early 2000s. Though there have been recommendations to use enzymatic based creatinine assays, and a recommendation of which equation to use, there still remains a high degree of variation in calculated eGFR results.

Methods

Data from the UK NEQAS for Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease Scheme have been reviewed to look at the CKD equations that are currently in use in the UK and the impact on eGFR results reported. The UK NEQAS for Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease has over 400 participants measuring creatinine across all major clinical biochemistry platforms.

Results

An audit of EQA registration against results returned showed that in February 2022 at most 44% of registered participants were correctly reporting the 2009 CKD-EPI equation. At higher creatinine concentrations (which give rise to lower eGFR results), the spread of eGFRs is tight and there is little difference between results from different method principles. However, at lower creatinine concentrations, where it is known that there is more variation in creatinine depending on method choice, both method principle and eGFR equation choice can influence calculated eGFR. In some cases, this can impact CKD Stage classification.

Conclusions

CKD is a serious public health issue that requires accurate assessment of eGFR. Laboratories should be in constant dialogue with their renal teams about their creatinine assay performance and impact on eGFR reporting across their service.