bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Электросопротивление, термоэдс и коэффициент Холла чистого таллия при 100-550 K
Authors: Бурков А.Т. , Константинов П.П.
Published: July 2023

Electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient and Hall coefficient of pure thallium were measured at temperatures from 100 K to 550 K, i.e. almost to the melting temperature of this metal.
The history of the experiemental investigations of the transport properties of Tl is shortly reviewed.
This is a first publication of the experimental data on the Seebeck coefficient and the Hall coefficient of Tl in such a broad temperature range.
Исследование свойств филаментов в структурах на основе HfO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- при помощи атомно-силовой микроскопии с измерением проводимости
Authors: Исаев А.Г. , Пермякова О.О. , Рогожин А.Е.
Published: July 2023

The results of the research on the resistive switching in Pt/HfO2/HfOxNy/TiN, Pt/HfO2/TaOxNy/TiN and Pt/Al2O3/HfO2/TaOxNy/TiN structures are presented. Active layers of the structures were deposited by atomic layer deposition. The formation of conductive filaments in all three structures was demonstrated using conductive atomic force microscopy. A full cycle of resistive switching with a microscope probe in these structures was also demonstrated. The properties of filaments formed at different voltages were studied, and the distributions of the filament density by conductivity and size were presented. The characteristics of the studied structures were compared. It appears that the Pt/Al2O3/HfO2/TaOxNy/TiN structure has the greatest potential for resistive random-access memory application
Исследование деформации композитных материалов на основе метастабильных сплавов системы железо-хром-никель методом корреляции цифровых изображений
Authors: Ишкиняев Э.Д. , Осинцев А.В. , Петровский В.Н. , Воронов В.Д. , Блинова Е.Н. , Либман М.А.
Published: July 2023

This study consideres application of the digital image correlation method for estimating the relative deformations of composite materials obtained with the use of thermal treatment by laser radiation. The use of this technology made it possible to determine the mechanical properties of materials containing macroscopic austenite regions distributed in the martensite matrix according to a given law. The evolution of strain fields that occur when a load is applied to the samples under study is determined. The influence of the shapes and sizes of regions with high plastic properties (austenite) on the integral mechanical characteristics of composite materials has been studied.
Особенности эпитаксиального роста методом МПЭ тонких сильно напряженных слоев InGaAs/InAlAs на подложках InP
Authors: Андрюшкин В.В. , Новиков И.И. , Гладышев А.Г. , Бабичев А.В. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Дюделев В.В. , Соколовский Г.С. , Егоров А.Ю.
Published: July 2023

In this paper we present the study of the features of epitaxial growth highly stressed superlattices based on highly stressed thin InGaAs/InAlAs layers on InP substrates by the molecular beam epitaxy. It was shown that the growth rates of the InGaAs and InAlAs bulk layers lattice-matched to InP substrates do not allow us to precisely determine the growth rates of thin highly stressed InAlAs/InGaAs strain compensated superlattices and the error is about 10 percent. The effect is related to the difference in the growth temperatures of InGaAs and InAlAs bulk layers, which affects the intensity of indium evaporation from the growth surface.
Эксперимент по повышению точности квантового нивелира на основе водородных квантовых часов с использованием фазовых измерений ГЛОНАСС/GPS
Authors: Фатеев В.Ф. , Смирнов Ф.Р. , Карауш А.А.
Published: July 2023

The article investigates the accuracy of measuring the difference of gravitational potentials and orthometric heights with a quantum level based on a hydrogen quantum clock. To improve the accuracy of time scale comparison, the authors propose to use a high-precision method of absolute navigation based on global navigation satellite systems phase measurements with integer ambiguity resolution. With a measurement accumulation interval of about 5 days and the use of mobile quantum clocks with a daily relative instability of the order of 1·10-15, the proposed method allows to measure the difference in orthometric heights and gravitational potentials with an error of 7.7 m and 75.3 m2/s2, respectively. At the same time, it is still possible to reduce the error when using quantum clocks with higher stability and increasing the measurement accumulation interval.
Измерения частотной зависимости скин-эффекта металлических проводов с круглым сечением
Authors: Прасолов Н.Д. , Лихачев А.И. , Соколов Р.В. , Левин А.А. , Нарыкова М.В. , Кадомцев А.Г. , Брунков П.Н. , Султанов М.М. , Стрижиченко А.В. , Болдырев И.А.
Published: July 2023

Presented results of active resistance frequency dependence measurements of a circular cross-section aluminum and copper conductors with a various diameter in a wide frequency range from 20Hz to 2MHz. Using the skin effect simulation we show that for all types of wires an increased active resistance observed, compared to the theoretical values in the frequency range above 200 kHz, where the skin layer thickness becomes less than 200 μm. This phenomenon may be associated with the manufacturing process of a metal wire by drawing through a die, when defects are formed in the near-surface layer, leading to its increased resistivity.
Электровзрывной размыкатель тока для быстрого вывода энергии из индуктивного накопителя в нагрузку
Authors: Базанов А.А. , Ерофеев А.Н. , Ивановский А.В. , Мамышев В.И. , Шаповалов Е.В.
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of model testing of the electrically exploded current interrupter (switch) designed for the switching system used to release the electromagnetic energy from the inductive storage to the load through a closing switch-discharger. A capacitor bank was used as a source of energy for the inductive storage. Some features of the discharger were varied in order to increase its reliability and operation speed. The obtained experimental data allowed making recommendations on practical implementation of the opening switch. The optimized version demonstrated a possibility to form current pulses with submicrosecond rise time, up to ~ 100 ns, in the low-impedance loads of the inductive storages. The obtained result is true for the currents of megaampere and multimegaampere level that makes it possible to use the opening switch for commutation of the energy sources with high energy capacity, for example, of the explosive magnetic generators.
Влияние матричных эффектов на результаты исследования химических элементов в биологических жидкостях методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой
Authors: Нурубейли Т.К. , Гашимов А.М. , Нуриев К.З. , Гасанова С.И. , Джафар Н.Ш. , Имамвердиев О.Е.
Published: July 2023

In the work, we studied the influence of matrix effects on the detection limit of individual components, and the dilution and mineralization method carried out a comparative analysis of the results of sample preparation. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry studied a number of elements in solutions for analysis. It was found that the decrease in the throughput of a number of parts of the analyzer is a decrease in the diameters of the sampler and skimmer holes due to organic solvents. Two methods to reduce the influence of organic components of analyzed solutions on the results of the analysis were proposed —microwave decomposition and simple decomposition. We showed the advantage of simple dilution. However, in the analysis of biological fluids (mainly whole blood), oxidative mineralization can remove complex organic matrix and reduce biohazard.
The article also considers the possibility of using an internal standard in order to obtain correct results by eliminating matrix effects.
The article may be useful for an experimental analyst to assess (even increase) the degree of accuracy of the results obtained and allow doctors to restore important elements lost during dialysis in the patient's body.
Система микроманипулирования сенсиллами насекомых на основе сплава Ti-=SUB=-50-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-25-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-25-=/SUB=- с эффектом памяти формы
Authors: фон Гратовски С.В. , Жуковская М.И. , Луничкин А.М. , Шеляков А.В. , Ситников Н.Н. , Коледов В.В. , Бородако К.А. , Петренко С.Ф.
Published: July 2023

Insect pest control requires fundamental knowledge of their physiology and behavioral responses. However, due to the small size of insects, in general, and their sensory formations (sensilla), in particular, the study of the physiology of insect sensory systems has until recently been limited by insufficient accuracy and selectivity of experimental mechanical action. To eliminate this gap in the study of insects, a physical technology is proposed based on a micromechanical device - microtweezers based on a layered structural composite of Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy with a shape memory effect (SME), combined with a temperature control system and a three-coordinate piezoelectric micropositioner. Microtweezers with SME selectively capture the smallest sensilla of the studied insects, enabling their precise mechanical stimulation with simultaneous recording of physiological responses generated by sensilla using methods of impulse derivation in the nerve centers of the insect.
Prescribing Patterns of Oral Antibiotics and Isotretinoin for Acne in a Colorado Hospital System: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Adelman Madeline J , Sivesind Torunn E , Weber Isaac , Bosma Grace , Hochheimer Camille , Karimkhani Chante , Schilling Lisa M , Barbieri John S , Dellavalle Robert P
Published: July 2023

Background

Guidelines established by the American Academy of Dermatology recommend oral antibiotics as first-line therapy for mild, moderate, and severe acne. However, it is recommended to minimize the duration of oral antibiotic use, and there is increasing support for other systemic agents for acne.

Objective

We sought to characterize the use of oral antibiotics and isotretinoin for the treatment of acne in the pediatric and young adult population aged 10 through 20 years and the adult population aged 21 to 45 years from 2011 to 2019.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study using electronic data from the enterprise data warehouse of the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and its affiliates, with data in the format of the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model. Categorical values (sex, race, and ethnicity) were compared using chi-square tests, and continuous variables (age) were compared using 2-tailed t tests.

Results

Our cohort of 15,704 patients was composed of mostly White (12,776/15,704, 81.4%), non-Hispanic or Latino (13,307/15,704, 84.7%), and female (11,093/15,704, 70.6%) patients. Among the 4605 male patients in the eligible cohort, 1810 (39%) received an oral antibiotic treatment, in comparison to 3109 (28%) of the 11,093 eligible women (P<.001). Among the 4605 men who were eligible for treatment with isotretinoin in this population, 988 (21.5%) received a course of isotretinoin, compared to only 10.4% (1159/11,093) eligible women (P<.001). Male patients were 1.67 times more likely to have received an antibiotic prescription (odds ratio [OR] 1.67, 95% CI 1.55-1.79) and over twice as likely to have received an isotretinoin prescription (OR 2.34, 95% CI 2.13-2.57) than female patients.

Conclusions

Minocycline was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic for the treatment of acne in this study cohort. From 2015 to 2019, there was no significant change in the number of antibiotic prescriptions over time. Men were significantly more likely to receive both oral antibiotics and isotretinoin than female patients. Multiple factors could be contributing to this discrepancy, including the burden of iPLEDGE, additional systemic treatment options for female patients, and the difference in acne severity across sexes. We could not determine the difference in severity of acne between male and female patients in our cohort, and further research is needed to ascertain the variation across sexes.
Isotretinoin Use in Transmasculine Patients and Its Implication on Chest Masculinization Surgery: Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Strock Daniel , Sivesind Torunn E , Dellavalle Robert P , Mundinger Gerhard S
Published: July 2023

Background

Acne often worsens in transmasculine patients who are on prolonged testosterone therapy. Isotretinoin is an oral retinoid used in the treatment of severe or refractory cases of acne, but it has the potential to cause delayed wound healing. Transmasculine patients may potentially be prescribed treatment for acne with isotretinoin while also planning to undergo chest masculinization surgery.

Objective

This scoping review aims to determine whether isotretinoin has a negative impact on postoperative healing in transmasculine patients undergoing chest masculinization surgery.

Methods

A scoping review was performed using the PubMed and Ovid databases. A total of 16 publications were selected for inclusion.

Results

Acne tends to peak in transmasculine patients 6 months after initiation of testosterone treatment. Severe cases can be treated with isotretinoin; however, acne may recur once treatment is discontinued, given ongoing hormone therapy. There is little to no evidence in the medical literature regarding perioperative use of isotretinoin specifically among transmasculine patients undergoing chest masculinization surgery. In general, however, recent studies have found no evidence of increased hypertrophic scars or keloids in patients taking isotretinoin.

Conclusions

Further studies are required to strengthen the current evidence that suggests that isotretinoin does not need to be discontinued before or after incisional or excisional surgeries, including chest masculinization surgery in transmasculine patients.
Correction: Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride for Early Childhood Caries Among Children Aged 24 to 72 Months: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Basheer N Amitha , Jodalli Praveen S , Nayak Namratha , K S Aparna , Badekkila Avinash R
Published: July 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Smoking, drinking, sleeping and risky sexual behaviors: a cross sectional study in China (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Junfang , Lv jiaQi , Zeng Huatang , Wu Liqun , Cheng Feng
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

General lifestyle health behaviors (e.g., drinking, smoking) and risky health behaviors are important causes of death, and often have concomitant and aggregative characteristics. However, the associations between general lifestyle health behaviors and risky sexual behaviors are unclear.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to identify the associations between risky sexual behaviors and general lifestyle health behaviors.

METHODS

We employed a self-designed structured questionnaire to collect data in January 2022 through Credamo. The questionnaire mainly included the following three parts: the social-demographic characteristics, general lifestyle health behaviors and risky sexual behaviors. To control the confounding factors, propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the people with or without risky sexual behaviors. Moreover, binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of people with or without risky sexual behaviors.

RESULTS

In total, 3420 participants were incorporated in the data analysis. The matched data showed no significant differences between people with risky sexual behaviors and without in gender, age, marital status, nationality, religion, household registration, educational level and annual income (P>0.05). The prevalence of smoking(50.9% vs 26.8%), drinking(39.9% vs 25.6%), insomnia (25.9% vs 15.6%) was all higher among people with risky sexual behaviors than those without sexual behaviors. The rate of smoking everyday was 31.3% among people with risky sexual behaviors and 10.1% among those without risky sexual behaviors. The percentage of excessive drinking among people with risky sexual behaviors (30.5%) was significantly higher than that among people without risky sexual behaviors (17.1%). About time to fall asleep, the proportion of people who had risky sexual behaviors fall asleep after 12 o'clock was also higher(31.6% vs 20.5%) than their counterparts. Binary logistic regression showed that whether smoking, drinking alcohol, and insomnia were significant influencing factors for having risky sexual behaviors(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Smoking, alcohol consumption and sleeping problems were associated with risky sexual behaviors. Interventions regarding smoking cessation, moderate drinking and early to bed are important, which may be linked with reduced risky sexual behaviors.
Nilai Strategis Isu Lingkungan dalam Politik Indonesia
Authors: Lay Cornelis
Published: July 2023

Environmental issues have been central in the current global potitics and discourse. Furthermore, environment has been set as one of the most important global constitution. Environmental issues have created a complex political network across the world. In Indonesia, howaver, environmental issues have not been seen as central in policy making processes. This paper shows how in most of policy making processes environmental issues end up merely with documents and rhetoric rather than political actions. This paper also argues that 'politics' should be used to deal with paradox in managing environment: gaining benefit and minimizing risk.
Mapa de quema de caña de azúcar durante la zafra 2021-2022 en San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Pérez-Medina Pedro , Galindo Mendoza María Guadalupe , Sánchez Salazar María Teresa , Quiroz Gaspar Ángel De Jesús
Published: July 2023

Algunas prácticas realizadas en los agroecosistemas de México resultan de alto impacto para el ambiente y la salud humana; una de ellas es la quema de caña de azúcar. Con el mapa elaborado, utilizando el índice de severidad de quema dNBR, se constató que de las 103 mil hectáreas de caña que se cosecharon durante la zafra 2021-2022, en las áreas que abastecen los cuatro ingenios de San Luis Potosí, 72.5 % fueron quemadas con diferentes grados de severidad. Las características del sistema productivo, tales como la superficie cosechada, la productividad y el método de cosecha, determinan su impacto en los servicios ecosistémicos tales como la calidad del aire. Bajo estos criterios, la zona de abasto del ingenio San Miguel del Naranjo, que tiene la mayor superficie cañera del estado, es la de menor impacto. No obstante, es recomendable apoyar los resultados obtenidos con la verificación en campo y/o el uso de técnicas complementarias.
Hacia una política comercial inclusiva para América Latina en la pospandemia
Authors: Alarco Tosoni Germán , Sanchium Toribio-Bíkut
Published: July 2023

En el presente estudio se plantean algunos elementos para definir una nueva política comercial inclusiva, que promueva el desarrollo de las economías, ésta se elabora a partir de las tendencias recientes en el comercio internacional, las nuevas teorías sobre la política comercial e industrial, y de la evaluación de algunos de los Tratados de Libre Comercio (TLC) de la región. Al tiempo que se consideran los desarrollos recientes a partir de los impactos de la pandemia de Covid-19 sobre las cadenas logísticas y la globalización. Se incluyen además algunos lineamientos generales y principales componentes; se concluye que la política comercial y los TLC deben ser precedidos y acompañados de políticas previas y complementarias para evitar resultados mediocres.
Neke misli o nastanku augmentativnih/evaluativnih značenja hrvatskog sufiksa –ara
Authors: Buljan Gabrijela
Published: July 2023

In his typological study of the genesis of diminutive and augmentative suffixes Grandi (2011) attributed the development of augmentative suffixes in Romance and Slavic languages to four sources: agentive/ pejorative derivational suffixes, collective suffixes, relational suffixes, and – in Slavic languages – suffixes deriving place nouns. This paper seeks to establish how the Croatian suffix –ara fi ts into Grandi’s (2011) system. According to Babić (2002: 130, 132), suffixations in –ara primarily denote places but there is a small number of suffixations with augmentative or pejorative meaning. Skok (1971: 49–52), in turn, describes this Pan–Slavic suffix under the entry for the agentive suffix –ar, which goes back to Latin –arius. This paper sought to identify any conceptual indications in our synchronic data that the augmentative/ evaluative meanings of the suffix may have developed from any of the four meanings, viz. agentive/ pejorative, collective, relational and locative. The paper leans on usage–based models of language and Rainer’s (2005) model of semantic change in word formation involving two mechanisms: reinterpretation and approximation. Results indicate that the augmentative and other evaluative meanings of the suffix may have developed from its agentive/pejorative meaning through a complex interplay of reinterpretation and approximation, with some influence of metaphor and metonymy and structural factors. Our results are submitted as hypotheses to be tested in future by dedicated diachronic studies.
Razumijevanje kreativnih metafora kod govornika engleskog kao stranog jezika
Authors: Werkmann Horvat Ana
Published: July 2023

Most research on metaphor comprehension in second language (L2) speakers focuses on conventionalised expressions (e.g., Littlemore et al. 2011; Mashal et al. 2015), whereas L2 comprehension of novel metaphorical expressions has not been given much attention (Jankowiak et al., 2017). Th is paper investigates the extent to which L2 speakers at different levels of proficiency differentiate between creative metaphors classified as easy and hard to comprehend. A self–paced reading task combined with sensicality judgements was used to test two groups of participants: L2 speakers of English with low/intermediate and advanced proficiency. The study examined reading times and answers to the sensicality judgements which inquired about whether the metaphors make sense. The results show that the advanced group of speakers more often judges that creative metaphors make sense, but in the case of reading time, proficiency has no significant effect on the understanding of different types of metaphors. Based on the absence of interaction between the groups and the type of metaphor, it can be concluded that the skills needed to understand the metaphor are partially transferred from the first language, however, the results of the sensicality judgments show that the advanced group judges significantly more that creative metaphors (regardless of difficulty) are meaningful. Th is indicates that with advanced knowledge of the language comes richer semantic representations, so advanced speakers more easily activate features of concepts that are otherwise more difficult to activate
Verbal humor in intercultural workplaces and second language learning: an overview of main research directions in the last 20 years
Authors: Møller Jensen Marie , Dam Lotte
Published: July 2023

The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the work within the field of intercultural communication which specifically investigates interactions through verbal humor. By the term intercultural we mean encounters by speakers of different languages and we define verbal humor as natural (i.e. not pre–planned or scripted) and expressed via spoken language in face–to–face interactions. We have specifically sought to include studies published within the last 20 years, which rely on naturalistic data (as opposed to experimental data). We found that studies within the areas of workplace interactions and second language learning were the most prominent. We reflect on the reviewed studies and the methods employed. Finally, we suggest avenues for further research
Development of Non-Stretchable Triples with Numerable Features
Authors: Pandichelvi V , Vanaja R
Published: July 2023

Abstract: In this paper, some non-extendable triples involving Rook Polynomials, Hermite Polynomials and Laguerre Polynomials with appropriate properties are accomplished. Besides, it is showed that these triples cannot be prolonged into quadruples with the help of property of congruence.
INSILICO Analysis of CADD Approach for Alzheimer Disease Caused by Heavy Metals in Humans
Authors: Kumari Uma , Gupta Taneya , Gupta Chaitanya , Virk Navjot
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as a well-studied neurodegenerative disorder and remains the foremost cause of dementia. Its nomenclature pays homage to the groundbreaking work of Alois Alzheimer, a pivotal figure in elucidating its characteristics. AD is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function, accompanied by impairments in daily activities and noticeable changes in behavior. Alois Alzheimer's seminal research significantly contributed to the identification of amyloid plaques and the decline in neurons within the brain, laying the foundation for our contemporary comprehension of the disease.Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as a well-studied neurodegenerative disorder and remains the foremost cause of dementia. Its nomenclature pays homage to the groundbreaking work of Alois Alzheimer, a pivotal figure in elucidating its characteristics. AD is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function, accompanied by impairments in daily activities and noticeable changes in behavior. Alois Alzheimer's seminal research significantly contributed to the identification of amyloid plaques and the decline in neurons within the brain, laying the foundation for our contemporary comprehension of the disease.
Fast Incremental Updating Frequent Pattern Growth algorithm for Mining
Authors: Madhusudhanan Archana , S Shameem
Published: July 2023

Abstract: When a new incremental database is added to an existing database, certain existing frequent item sets may become infrequent item sets, and vice versa. This is one of the most difficult tasks in association rule mining. As a result, certain old association rules may become invalid, while others may become legitimate. It's possible that rules will arise. For incremental association rule mining, we devised a new, more efficient method. A new Incremental Updating Frequent Pattern growth algorithm (FIUFP-Growth) was developed using a Fast Incremental Updating Frequent Pattern growth algorithm (FIUFPGrowth), as well as a compact sub-tree appropriate for incremental mining of frequent patterns Item sets. This approach extracts previously mined frequent item sets and their support counts from the original database, then uses them to efficiently mine frequent item sets from the updated database minimizing the amount of original database rescans. Our algorithm was able to minimize when compared to individual FP-Growth, needless sub-tree creation consumes more resources and time. According to the results, our algorithm's average execution time for pattern growth mining is 46 percent faster than apriori and eclat algorithm. This method for mining incremental association rules and our findings could directly aid computer business intelligence designers and developers methods
Analysis of Potential Risks in Construction Project
Authors: Salunke Surajkumar D. , Lende Prof. P. K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Construction projects can be very complex and full of uncertainties. Construction risks are often seen as factors influencing cost, time, quality and safety objectives. Obviously, risk management is necessary to mitigate problems that arise during the project. Risk management is an essential skill for project success and includes the process of identifying, assessing and managing risks in construction. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze the severity and probability of hazardous events in the construction industry and to understand the risk factors that will control events in the industry. The identified factors can have direct or indirect effects and are analyzed by quantitative and qualitative methods. Use the sequencing process to identify and research key risks during the planning phase, execution phase, and completion phase. Based on expert opinions, personal interviews and document analysis, a questionnaire was compiled to explore the main aspects of the construction project. Participation risks, working time, cost, quality, safety, etc. of the risks associated with it. After identifying and assessing the risks of the project, assign the risks to the right people at the right place and time. Customers, contractors and project management consultants are provided with potential issues. Risk reduction aims to respond effectively to the identification and identification of risks through prevention, mitigation, adaptation and acceptance of risk
NGS Analysis to Detect Mutation in Brain Tumor Diagnostic
Authors: Kumari Uma , Tanwar Aastha , George Jositta , Nayak Daityari
Published: July 2023

Abstract: This study presents an integrated computational approach for analyzing protein sequences and their 3D structures. By leveraging the MMDB Macromolecular database, homologs of a protein sequence of interest are identified, and interactive visualization of their structural properties is provided. The computational alignment method, using BLASTP, allows for efficient determination of sequence similarities and identification of conserved regions among multiple protein sequences. COBALT is employed to refine sequence alignments and facilitate graphical analysis of sequence relationships. RASMOL, a computational analysis program, generates 2-D representations of protein-ligand complexes, enabling visual exploration of their interactions. ORF finder is used to identify coding regions in mRNA sequences, aiding in the prediction of protein-coding regions. The approach is applied to brain tumor diagnostics using human biological samples, exploring the structural properties of brain tumor-related proteins with the help of the 2RHU protein structure and PYMOL visualization software. Overall, this integrated computational framework offers a comprehensive toolkit for protein sequence analysis, structure visualization, and homology modeling, with potential applications in drug discovery, molecular biology, and medical diagnostics
A Thorough Examination of the Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Dogra Akshay
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Mass spectrometry has become an essential tool in pharmaceutical analysis, revolutionizing drug development, quality assurance, and our understanding of complex biological systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in mass spectrometry for pharmaceutical analysis. We discuss the fundamentals of mass spectrometry, including ionization and mass analysis principles, as well as the various types of mass spectrometers used in pharmaceutical analysis. We explore high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), ambient ionization mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), highlighting their applications in drug characterization, quantification, imaging, and biomarker discovery. Furthermore, we examine the challenges faced by mass spectrometry, such as matrix effects and data interpretation, and discuss emerging trends and future perspectives. By understanding the recent advancements and addressing the challenges, mass spectrometry can continue to drive advancements in pharmaceutical analysis and quality assurance
Developing e-modules based on scientific literacy in bamboo ethno-taxonomy
Authors: Munawaroh Siti , Sunandar Ari , Qurbaniah Mahwar
Published: July 2023

The development of e-module materials for the classification of living things based on scientific literacy and bio-ethnotaxonomy issues is still very limited. This study aims to develop e-modules for the classification of living things based on scientific literacy and bamboo ethnotaxonomy that are valid and suitable for use in learning. This research and development was carried out using a 4D model by Thiagarajan. This study involved three material expert validators, three media expert validators, and three language expert validators. The instruments used include questionnaires and interview sheets. Development trials are carried out in small-scale trials and large-scale trials. A total of 24 students were involved in the trial with a division of 5 students in the small-scale trial, and 19 students in the large-scale trial. The results showed that there were four species of bamboo found in Sungai Krawang Village, including Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa multiplex, Gigantochloa apus, and Gigantochloa atroviolacea. The results of material and linguistic validation show that the product developed has fulfilled four and six indicators with a score of >80% (very valid). Furthermore, the validation results of media experts are classified as very valid on three indicators including media size, cover design, and overall design with successive scores of 90.00, 83.33, and 84.76. These results indicate that the e-module of bamboo ethnotaxonomy is appropriate for use in learning about the classification of living things.
An Analysis of College Student Experience on the Use of Metaverse Space in Liberal Arts Lecture
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chung Yeo-Ju , Seon Hye-Yon , Lee Doyeon , Lee Ae sun , Cho Hyun Jin , Shin Jiyun , Oh Solgil , Jeong Soul , Choi Youngsuk
Published: July 2023

Objectives This study investigated university students' experiences with the use of metaverse in humanities lectures, utilizing the Gather town platform.
Methods 15 university students who had taken humanities courses participated in the in-depth interviews by constructing a semi-structured questionnaire, and the interview data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a continuous comparative analysis method.
Results The analysis resulted in 5 categories, 14 subcategories, and 37 concepts were derived, and the 5 categories were 1)expectations and concerns before metaverse classes, 2)limitations of relaxed communication versus exchange, 3)reflection and application of communication, 4)new identity through avatars, and 5)relationship formation through presence. The subcategories of ‘expectations and concerns before metaverse class’ were the expectation of a new class space and the burden of new attempts. The subcategories of ‘limitations of relaxed communication versus exchange’ were more comfortable than face-to-face meetings, honest conversation, and deep communication limitations due to the absence of non-verbal information. The subcategories of ‘reflection and application of communication’ were self-recognition of communication methods, application of communication skills acquired through experience, and attempts to communicate more actively than usual. The subcategories of the ‘new identity through avatars’ were free conversations that do not reveal themselves, doubts and concerns in relationships, encounters without prejudice.
Conclusions Through this study, by deeply exploring college students' experiences of using the metaverse space in liberal arts lectures, it provided implications for the development of education and counseling programs using the metaerse space in the future.
Development and application of a program to improve caring responsibility based on distance education for college students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jungeun , Kang Sukyoung
Published: July 2023

Objectives This study aims to develop a distance education-based caring responsibility improvement program for carers and verify its effectiveness.
Methods In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the components of the program were extracted and configured by referring to previous studies, and the final draft was confirmed through validity verification through related experts. 11 items were selected as program content elements to improve caring responsibility: recognizing, participating, sharing, listening, accompanying, praising, comforting, inspiring hope, forgiveness, acceptance, and empathy. To verify the effectiveness of the program, an experimental group (16 people) and a control group (16 people) were formed, and a t-test was conducted on the pre- and post-test evaluation scales to compare between groups and between groups. In addition, group chat rooms, practice assignments, and reflection diaries were used to promote the effectiveness of the program and exchanges and participation among participants, and non-face-to-face methods such as remote education and video conferences were used to be used even in a pandemic situation.
Results The main results of this study are as follows. First, the content and composition of the educational program for caregivers, which was composed through domestic and foreign precedent studies and theory books, were appropriate. As a result of the scale evaluation conducted before and after the program implementation, the caring responsibility-related scales, life-respecting consciousness, life-respecting behavior, and empathy, improved significantly, but personality showed no significant change. In addition, as a result of comparison between the experimental group and the control group, there was no significant difference in all items in the pre-test, but in the post-test, the scores of the experimental group improved in all items, and the difference was significant.
Conclusions Through this study, specific contents and efficient methods for improving care responsibility for caregivers were suggested.
Pengembangan Media Komik pada Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan untuk Siswa SMP Kelas VII
Authors: Wati Wahyu Herma , Haris Efendi, Hsb M. , Muhaimin Muhaimin
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan atau disebut dengan Research and Development (R & D). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang digunakan siswa SMP kelas VII pada mata pelajaran IPA Terpadu pada materi Pencemaran Lingkungan. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahap, yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. Kelayakan komik secara teoritis diperoleh melalui validasi oleh dua orang ahli, yaitu ahli materi dan ahli media. Validasi materi dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali dengan perolehan persentase akhir 80% pada kategori valid dan validasi media dilakukan satu kali dengan perolehan persentase akhir 88% pada kategori sangat valid. Sedangkan kelayakan media komik secara praktis diperoleh melalui respon guru dan siswa melalui angket persepsi. Hasil analisis angket persepsi guru memperoleh persentase 88,24% dengan kategori sangat baik, pada uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh persentase 85,33% dengan kategori sangat baik dan untuk uji coba kelompok besar di SMPN 10 Kota Jambi memperoleh persentase 84,67% dengan kategori sangat baik sedangkan untuk uji coba kelompok besar di SMPN 11 Kota Jambi memperoleh persentase 84,08% dengan kategori sangat baik. Dari hasil uji coba kelompok besar di dua sekolah yang berbeda diperoleh nilai koefisein cohen’s kappa sebesar 0,409 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000, artinya terdapatnya kesepakatan yang cukup kuat dan signifikan antara siswa SMPN 10 Kota Jambi dan siswa SMPN 11 Kota Jambi mengenai kelayakan media komik yang dihasilkan. Sehingga memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa media komik pada materi pencemaran lingkungan untuk siswa SMP kelas VII layak untuk digunakan di sekolah.
REKONTRUKSI PERISTIWA 19 DESEMBER TAHUN 1948 SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN DAN PEMBENTUKAN GENERASI EMAS SADAR BELA NEGARA
Authors: Nugraha Nugi
Published: July 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi sebuah peristiwa yang terjadi pada tanggal 19 Desember tahun 1948, peristiwa tersebut memberikan pelajaran tentang bagaimana kemandirian Indonesia dalam mempertahankan Negaranya dari ancaman. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk merekontruksikan kembali, bahwa ada suatu peristiwa yang kini disebut sebagai peristiwa HBN (hari bela negara). Hari bela negara ditetapkan oleh keputusan presiden No. 28 Tahun 2006 oleh Presiden Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono menyatakan 19 Desember sebagai peringatan HBN (hari bela negara), peringatan ini ditetapkan sebagai bentuk penghargaan untuk mengingat peristiwa perjuangan tokoh nasional dalam mempertahankan negara Indonesia. Penelitian artikel ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Metode kualitatif deskriptif digunakan untuk membuat penelitian artikel ini. Hasil penelitian yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah rasa Bela Negara agaknya perlu untuk di Rekontruksi sebagai pertahanan arus Globalisasi, melawan segala bentuk paham radikalisme dalam upaya memperteguh Pancasila sebagai dasar negara sehingga ini bisa mengatasi beragam bentuk ancaman negara.
Resenha de “Escrever e Argumentar”
Authors: Castanheira Dennis , Cezario Maria Maura
Published: July 2023

ste trabalho tem como objetivo resenhar criticamente o livro “Escrever e argumentar”, uma das obras mais recentes publicadas por duas das pesquisadoras com maior tradição no Brasil na área da Linguística do Texto (LT): Ingedore Grunfeld Villaça Koch e Vanda Maria Elias. De forma geral, o livro aqui resenhado é sistematicamente conduzido por discussões teóricas, muitas retomadas de trabalhos anteriores das próprias autoras, e por propostas de atividades a serem aplicadas em sala, uma de suas grandes contribuições. “Escrever e argumentar” insere-se num cenário editorial profícuo do país, em que houve um sensível aumento de trabalhos voltados para a relação Texto e ensino de Língua Portuguesa, bem como o lançamento de livros que visam a introduzir novos leitores nos estudos linguísticos das mais diversas áreas.
Water Isotopic Composition Traces Source and Dynamics of Water Supply in a Semi-Arid Agricultural Landscape
Authors: Mayernik Caitlin M. , Ewing Stephanie , Sigler W. Adam , Jencso Kelsey G. , Payn Robert
Published: July 2023

Climate forecasts for semi-arid landscapes suggest changes in
seasonality and form of precipitation. These shifts are expected to
alter the structure and function of grassland and steppe ecosystems and
present challenges for land management and crop production in regions
like the Northern Great Plains, North America. Precipitation in
lower-elevation, semi-arid areas provides a local supply of soil water
that drives biogeochemical cycling, agricultural production, and
groundwater recharge. However, studies of the fate of precipitation are
far less common in lower-elevation areas compared to studies of the fate
of seasonal snowpack and runoff in alpine areas. This research uses
isotopic composition of water (δ O and δ
H) to explore the sources and fate of soil water in
lower elevation areas of the Judith River watershed, in the headwaters
of the Missouri River in Montana, USA. Extensive non-irrigated crop
production in this area occurs on well-drained soils and depends on
careful water management. Agricultural fertilization and organic matter
mineralization have resulted in excessive nitrate leaching from
cultivated soils into shallow aquifers and streams. Our observations
indicate that colder precipitation contributes isotopically distinct
water to cultivated terrace soils relative to downgradient groundwaters
and streams. Riparian waters also exhibit isotopically distinct
contributions from colder precipitation. Apparent contributions from
colder precipitation in terrace and riparian soil waters suggest that
snowmelt is an important component of water supply to these systems. In
riparian waters, influence of evaporation is also evident, suggesting
sufficient residence times and atmospheric exposure for local processing
to occur. The evolution of isotopic composition from soils to shallow
aquifers to stream corridors indicates source water partitioning as
precipitation moves through a semi-arid agricultural landscape. Mixing
processes apparent in landscape water isotopic compositions reveal
source water dynamics that facilitate plant uptake, solute processing,
and contaminant leaching.
Relationship Between Isotope Ratios in Precipitation and Surface Water Across Watersheds of the National Ecological Observation Network
Authors: Butler Zachariah , Good Stephen P. , Haagsma Marja , Segura Catalina , Hu Huancui
Published: July 2023

The timescales associated with precipitation moving through watersheds
reveal processes that are critical to understanding many hydrologic
systems. Measurements of environmental stable water isotope ratios (δ
H and δ O) have been used as
tracers to study hydrologic timescales by examining how long it takes
for incoming precipitation tracers become stream discharge, yet limited
measurements both spatially and temporally have bounded macroscale
evaluations so far. In this observation driven study across North
American biomes within the National Ecological Observation Network
(NEON), we examined δ O and δ H
stable water isotope in precipitation (δP) and surface water (δQ) at 26
co-located sites. With an average 54 precipitation samples and 139
surface water samples per site, assessment of local meteoric water lines
(LMWL) and local surface water line (LSWL) showed geographic variation
across North America. Taking the ratio of estimated seasonal amplitudes
of δP and δQ to calculate young water fractions (
F), showed a F range
from 1% to 93% with most sites having F below
20%. Calculated mean transit times (MTT) based on a gamma convolution
model showed a range from 0.10 to 13.2 years, with half of the sites
having MTT estimates lower than 2 years. Significant correlations (r)
were found only between the F and watershed
area, longest flow length, and the longest flow length/slope, whereas
the only significant correlation observed for MTT was with site
latitude. The estimated F and MTT provide
information describing hydrologic processes at NEON sites, however
limited correlations of F and MTT with the
environmental characteristics we analyzed demonstrate that these
quantities are primarily driven by site or area specific factors. The
analysis of isotope data presented here provides important constraints
on isotope variation in North American biomes and the timescales of
water movement through NEON study sites.
Langmuir and upper hybrid waves in Earth's magnetotail
Authors: Graham Daniel Bruce , Khotyaintsev Yuri V. , André Mats
Published: July 2023

Waves at the electron plasma frequency are found throughout the
heliosphere. They provide indicators of unstable electron distributions,
are routinely used to estimate the local electron number density, and
can lead to radio wave emission at the plasma frequency and its
harmonics. Although they have been studied extensively in various solar
and heliospheric plasma regions, there is a lack of statistical studies
of plasma frequency waves in Earth’s magnetotail. Here, the occurrence
and properties of plasma frequency waves, namely Langmuir and upper
hybrid waves, are investigated in Earth’s magnetotail using the four
Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. In Earth’s magnetotail plasma
frequency waves are observed about
$1$~\% of the time. About
$80$~\% of the waves are identified as
Langmuir waves, while about $20$~\%
are identified as upper hybrid waves. The waves are primarily found in
the plasma sheet boundary layer. By comparing with the local electron
distributions it is shown that the Langmuir waves are generated by the
bump-on-tail instability, while upper hybrid waves are typically
associated with broad electron beams or loss-cone-like distributions.
The majority of the waves are found in close proximity to ion outflow
regions associated with magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail. The
waves are likely generated by plasma sheet electrons escaping along
newly reconnected magnetic field lines or electron beams propagating
toward the distant magnetotail.