bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Betwixt and between: Temporary Employees as Liminal Subjects in Flexible Organizations
Authors: Garsten Christina
Published: March 2007

As organizations change to become more flexible and transient, the use of a flexible workforce becomes an attractive solution. Temporary employees are here tentatively viewed as being `betwixt and between' organizational structures, in transit between the relatively fixed positions of full-time, regular employment. Building on previous fieldwork and recent interviews among temporary employees in Sweden and the US, the notion of liminality is employed to explore aspects of temporary work. The liminal position of `temporaries', it is suggested, is an ambiguous position involving both risks and opportunities for individuals, temporary staffing agencies, and client organizations alike. It may be seen as a seedbed of cultural creativity, where old perspectives on work and subjectivity are contested and new ones created. Related to the transient, mobile character of temporary employment, is an enhanced awareness of substitutability and a continuous reflexive monitoring of manners and competencies. Furthermore, the mobile and temporary character of assignments lead to the development of transient and episodic imagined communities of the workplace.

Through the lens of liminality then, temporal and contractual flexibilization of work is seen to challenge the old boundaries of industrial society and to suggest new ways of organizing and experiencing work, as well as new ways of constructing organizational subjectivity.
Research Note: Personalism and Corporate Networks in Singapore
Authors: Zang Xiaowei
Published: March 2007

Using a data set on 107 large Chinese firms, I examine inter-firm connectedness in Singapore. The analysis shows that firms in Singapore exhibit different levels of networking activities. Chinese firms that are owned by family have huge assets, good financial standing and are at the centre of business networks in Singapore. Big Chinese firms interlock with one another under the influence of Chinese business culture that stresses the importance of reputation and family ownership in networking activities. Personalism is a useful framework for gaining a good understanding of inter-firm relations in East and Southeast Asia.
The movement of mimesis
Authors: Huhn Tom
Published: March 2007

Heidegger formulates the artwork's origin in a movement against the false motion of portrayal and repetition. The term mimesis is employed in the present essay to describe this origin and the means by which truth 'happens', specifically when mimesis turns against itself as imitation. The movement of the artwork is considered within the following constellation: the concept of mimesis is examined in light of Heidegger's 'Origin' essay to illuminate the concept and the essay by placing both in relation to Adorno's aesthetics (especially the way mimesis figures there) as well as Kant's doctrine of the sublime- via Lyotard's Lessons on the Analytic of the Sublime. The movement of the artwork toward truth is presented as the movement of mimesis. Further, for both Heidegger and Adorno's accounts, the mimetic movement of the artwork parallels the movement of aesthetic judgment, especially as it is construed in regard to Kant's doctrine of the sublime.
Legal and Judicial Battles Affecting Runaways
Authors: Mann Coramae Richey
Published: March 2007

THIS article traces the history and development of the events leading to the current debates on the validity of the juvenile court by examining the "child savers," or those reformers who instituted the first juvenile court; the "constitutionalists" who insist upon due process and other procedural rights for children; the "revisionists" who advocate the adversary system of juvenile justice; and the "abolitionists" whose position is to remove runaways and other status offenders from juvenile court jurisdiction or, at the extreme, to abolish the juvenile court altogether.
Some Implications of the Eight-Year Study for Secondary Education
Authors: Aikin Wilford M.
Published: March 2007

This article is written by one not only as chairman of The Pro gressive Education Association's Commission on the Relation of School and College, but also as one until recently a secondary-school princi pal, deeply conscious of his mistakes and of his lack of insight and vision in the work he tried to do. He writes of the challenge which American secondary-school principals must answer, but does so with sympathetio understanding of the principal, the difficulties of his task, and with full recognition of his great achievements.
Is a Young Man Wise to Go into Education?
Authors: Douglass Harl R.
Published: March 2007

THIS article of Dr. Douglas pre sents an interesting discussion on the necessity of inducing more young men to choose education as their life profession. He has force fully presented the remuneration an gle of the picture. There is certainly a very definite need for stressing this in counseling the young potential educator but at the same time he should be made aware of the fact that as a whole those in the profes sion of education are still very much underpaid. He must also realize that the total number of well-paid post tions in this profession is consider ably smaller in comparison to the total number in other professions; such as, law, dentistry, and medi cine,—EDITOR.
Family Financial Security Education
Authors: Wilhelms Fred T.
Published: March 2007

From insight to action; from words to brass tacks. Always the gap is a big one, where our curriculum is concerned. And always to fill the gap, must come the hard engineering phase— tooling up for the new assignment.

Behind terms like "the imperative needs of youth" and "life adjustment education" stand insights that open up a radically new approach to building a school. Yet, until years of hard spade- work is done, they are only words. To make an intelligent choice, principals and other curriculum workers need a crisp prospectus of alternative possibilities, a clean-cut picture of desired objec tives and working content. Busy teachers need teaching tools, well-tried guides to ways of doing the job, instructional resources for their students.

This is the story of what one group, in one area of the cur riculum, is doing to change "education for economic competence" from a group of words into sound, workable practice. They are hammering out the stuff that teachers need. If you wish to help your students better to meet the realities of life with wisdom and organized common sense, get the materials listed at the end of this article. They are not the final word—not by a long shot— but they will provide a running start.— Editor.
Let's Speak the Truth About Our Schools
Authors: Elicker Paul E.
Published: March 2007

The quoted statements have been made about our public second ary schools and came from these sources: The Council for Basic Education, Life Magazine, and from individuals including Admiral Lewis L. Strauss, Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, John Keats, Sloan Wilson, Arthur J. Bestor, Jr., Chet Huntley, and others. All sta tistics and factual information contained in this article can be vali dated by reliable sources.-The Editor
1 The Secret of the Open Society
Authors: Bieri Ernst
Published: March 2007

DESPITE the great diversity of the Atlantic Community and the whole West, there is a constant core of principles and values on which a large majority of educated men of good will can agree. These principles are rooted in a fundamental belief in the dignity of man and the worth of the individual.

These beliefs are shared by a large number of nations and peoples all over the world, not only in the Atlantic area. The fact that they were orig inally Western conceptions does not detract from their universal nature and application. These are the values enshrined in the United Nations Charter of Human Rights and, to a large extent, reflected in the constitutions of nearly every new state, as well as those of the older ones.
Junior High Versus Middle School
Authors: Trump J. Lloyd
Published: March 2007

Three booklets, a position paper, and a film strip are discussed by a scholar who is more interested in its program than in what a school is called.
Where Does the Ninth Grade Belong?
Authors: Strickland Virgil E.
Published: March 2007

The possible effect of various forms of grade grouping on academic achievement is properly a matter of concern when the organization or reorganization of secondary schools is under discussion. Professor Strickland reports some research on the issue.
"Cultural Profiles for All ..."
Authors: Marcus Robert , Bispo Edward , Catuna Irving
Published: March 2007

It is cheering in these days when practically everything has been converted to or assigned a number to discover some effective models that are not mathematical. A junior high school finds that its students are willing to be influenced by relevant adults.
Discovery and Development of Educational Goals
Authors: Dyer Henry S.
Published: March 2007

Dyer concludes that "measurement in educa tion is the only process by which a society can externalize and give effect to its hopes for the next generation."
The New Social Studies
Authors: Fenton Edwin
Published: March 2007

A leading contributor to the "new social studies" movement tells where the action is and analyzes what it appears to consist of.
Small High Schools: Myth, Reality, Potential
Authors: Ford Paul
Published: March 2007

The alleged delights of very small high schools are seen more often in dreams than in real life. But in some regions these are the only possible kind of schools, and more imagination needs to be applied to strengthening them.
Reading: In and Out of the English Curriculum
Authors: Early Margaret J.
Published: March 2007

"Special reading classes are being planned over night and hastily staffed with inexperienced and untrained teachers, recruited usually from the English department. In such circumstances, confusion and disappointment are inevitable, but there remains at least the hope of learning from mistakes."
The Dartmouth Seminar
Authors: Marckwardt Albert H.
Published: March 2007

"If there is a 'new English,' it is to be found by reexamining and reinterpreting the child's experiences in language rather than by intro ducing new content, as has been characteristic of curriculum change in certain other school subjects, notably mathematics, science, and geog raphy."
The Neglected Majority
Authors: Howe Harold
Published: March 2007

"... secondary schools ... may not have taken full advantage of the newer federal programs to the same extent as the elementary schools."
Expanding Role of the Administrator
Authors: Gibb Jack R.
Published: March 2007

"It is my impression that administrators who are 'overworked' are always doing the wrong things."
The Junior High School
Authors: Glines Don E.
Published: March 2007

"Most of our present innovative efforts have not yet accomplished what I would classify as significant change of any great magnitude. However, we are searching; there are those who are determined to create a better school. Thus 10 years from now, 70 percent of the schools in America will be involved in inven tion and adoption of new ideas."
The Irrational Curriculum
Authors: Young Robert W.
Published: March 2007

Thirty years ago the Eight-Year Study demon strated that departures from the traditional in the way of college preparation more often than not produced admirable results. Robert Young reminds us that this is still true.
Controversy, An Academic Responsibility
Authors: Goldstein William
Published: March 2007

In spite of the favor that the inquiry method now enjoys, all the controversy that wanders about the Groves of Academe has not been completely domesticated. But controversy is essential if learning is to be influential. Con troversy will never be tamed, but it can be made less frightening.
Family Finance and the Low-Income Student
Authors: Rubenfeld Carollee
Published: March 2007

There is a tendency, generally applauded, to make the study of consumer problems more aca demic. This author reminds us, however, that the problems of daily living that many of our students come from in the morning and return to in the evening are anything but abstract and bookish.
Private Versus Public Consumer Education
Authors: Warne Colston E.
Published: March 2007

Nonprofit consumer research groups offer data that schools as well as individuals can use for comparing consumer goods of allegedly incom parable quality.
Educational Leader: An Authentic Role
Authors: Stanavage John A.
Published: March 2007

"To take the mandate of educational leadership seriously... requires casting aside the trappings of management and parade dress and becoming once again the principal teacher in the school."
I4 Years a Principal: A Self-Appraisal
Authors: Weitz Leo
Published: March 2007

"Without in any way detracting from the work of the staff, I am convinced that a school is essentially a reflection of the principal who heads it. Whenever I spend a few hours in another school, I can gauge fairly soon what kind of principal it has by observing what goes on in classrooms, corridors, cafeteria, and teachers' lounge."
Leadership, a Commitment to Action
Authors: Wilson Webster D.
Published: March 2007

"I consider that I make a contract with a school district based on my commitments, and that they hire me not in spite of my commitments but because of them."
The Far Vision and the Near Look
Authors: Cleland George L.
Published: March 2007

It is recommended herein that "a principal should ask more, tell less, and listen diligently." If true, what then of that respected adage, "It is more blessed to give than to receive"?
Design for Decision
Authors: Hansen Kenneth H.
Published: March 2007

Even though the principalship may be under going some redefinition, the principal is going to remain a significant decision-maker. Making decisions, however, is a process that calls for more form and style than many administrators customarily accord it.
In Common Cause
Authors: Brodsky Charles
Published: March 2007

Don't over-generalize from the headlines: There still are large-city schools in which teachers speak cordially to principals and all work together for the well-being of the school and its students, contractual constraints notwithstanding.
Idea Forum: An Experiment in Nonstructure
Authors: Palches Peter
Published: March 2007

High school student activities programs are standardized to an amazing degree, and neither theory nor practice in this curriculum area has as yet been noticeably infected by the innova tive fever. A few schools, however, are trying out some new ideas, and this is the story of what one such school called its "noble ex periment."
The Slow Learner— Changing His View of Math
Authors: Hoffman Ruth Irene
Published: March 2007

Many school systems have, without fanfare, been creating attractive and effective opportu nities by which slow learners can get somewhere in mathematics. These demonstrate, among other things, that the day of the locally-made curriculum is by no means over.
Evolution in College Mathematics
Authors: Meserve Bruce E.
Published: March 2007

"Secondary school personnel may be astonished to find that the rapid evolution of mathematics programs that has characterized the last decade of secondary school mathematics is also affect ing college mathematics programs.... These changes are also seriously needed.... "
Student Constitutional Rights: The Role of the Principal
Authors: Griffiths William E.
Published: March 2007

"What can be done to strike a balance between the rights of the individual student and the demands of the institution? The answer lies in bold and imaginative leadership on the part of all professional educators, but especially of those in a position closest to the heart of the problem, the secondary school principals."
Adopting a Modular Schedule?
Authors: Fish Kenneth L.
Published: March 2007

A man who has fathered a modular schedule for his school discusses some of the characteristic labor pains and suggests how they can be moder ated.
U.S. Armed Forces Institute: School for Self-Development
Authors: Brothers W.L.
Published: March 2007

USAFI, a war baby 25 years ago, has in its life time been a part of the lives of more Americans than any other single educational institution. Its Acting Director was invited to report on this national enterprise, which seems as lively since reaching its majority as it was in its youth.
"Are You the Bus Dispatcher?" Large Responsibilities in a Large School
Authors: Secord Harold
Published: March 2007

"The high school—regardless of its size—must retain and nurture its sensitivity to individual differences within the matrix of its policies and philosophy. To understand these differences is sometimes a principal's hardest assignment."
Unequal Opportunities in the Large Inner-City High School
Authors: Levine Daniel U.
Published: March 2007

When the problems that easily surface in any assemblage of three or four thousand students intersect with conditions normal to the con temporary inner city, a turbulence develops in the large inner-city high school that is difficult to resolve. Levine believes that we can make passage through such schools less rough and more attractive for young people, but "the very existence of these schools reveals more than we would like to admit about the ways we perceive and evaluate disadvantaged persons in our school and our society."
Prospects for Evaluation of Learning
Authors: Ebel Robert L.
Published: March 2007

"Few of us would wish to see the public interest in education or public support of education diminish. But if that interest and support re main strong, then support of efforts to evaluate the outcomes of education is also likely to remain strong."
Organization of Secondary Schools
Authors: Michael Lloyd S.
Published: March 2007

"The structure of education should be a facili tating agency through which the purposes of the school can be more effectively achieved.... There is no sanctity either in any set of mechanics or in any particular form of organization."
The Structure of School Systems
Authors: Miller John L.
Published: March 2007

"A school system which is interested in the maxi mum development of the powers of the indi vidual pupil ... expects each school to develop its own character, its own integrity as an institution."
Private Philanthropy: An Educational Influence
Authors: Schwilck Gene L.
Published: March 2007

"The question is not if foundations have a viable and valid role, but how imaginatively and effectively they can select their roles and objectives in their continued service to all of society."
The Secondary School and Occupational Preparation
Authors: Evans Rupert N.
Published: March 2007

"For a large portion of its student body, the school makes no conscious effort to prepare for the transition from school to employment. In stead, the school concentrates on preparing stu dents for more school."
The 90th Congress and Vocational Education
Authors: Warfield Benjamin B.
Published: March 2007

"Insistence on careful planning and account ability gives the 1968 Act its special character and demonstrates clearly the intent of Congress to channel federal funds where it feels they are most needed.... This act provides little comfort to those who hope for a policy of block grants or tax refunds delivered directly to the States with no strings attached. The national Congress is plainly exhibiting here an intention to meet a national crisis in unemployment and manpower needs on a national basis.... "
Turkey, Greece, and Israel—
Authors: Amsden Robert L.
Published: March 2007

Robert L. Amsden, as a recipient of a NASSP foreign study grant in 1966-67, spent several months of a sabbatical year studying high schools, their principals, and their unions in three east ern Mediterranean countries. Some pertinent facts and firsthand observations are reported here. The much longer report, filed in. the NASSP office, is available to interested readers.
The Dilemma of Metropolitan Government
Authors: Klutznick Philip M.
Published: March 2007

"Either the people will themselves realize and compel more resources to be more justly and ap propriately allocated, with effective citizen par ticipation at the state and local level, or the federal government will be used as an instru ment of the people to compel it. In the latter case, we face a further decline tantamount to the ultimate degeneration of state and local government to an officeholder's nothingness."
The Folklore of Educational Values
Authors: Sulkin Sidney
Published: March 2007

Educational standards are dropping. Demands on young people are not rigorous enough—as adults, we are too permis sive ; as young people, they are altogether too easy-going. In a headlong drive to serve everyone, schools and colleges have succeeded only in lowering requirements. As a result, far too many young people rush blindly on to college. That is why so many seem to be more interested in protest than in learn ing. It is also the cause of a catastrophic college dropout rate. The time has come for schools and colleges to toughen up and begin instilling some respect for values in our young people.
Reflections on a Troubled Institution
Authors: Popper Samuel H.
Published: March 2007

"During the Great Depression... society legiti matized a temporary exemption from perform ance on the mortgage contract by means of the moratorium. The psychosocial moratorium which is permitted in the institution of early adolescent education is another such special case; it offers a temporary exemption from the more strenuous performance demands of the stu dent role. Such an exemption, however, cuts against the grain of dominant cultural values and, to continue the metaphor, many profes sionals in education just cannot cut it."
New Directions in Secondary Education
Authors: Linville C. Edwin
Published: March 2007

"From Catcher in the Rye, we have gone to Claude Brown's Manchild in the Promised Land, although I question whether all who recom mend it really understand some of its more specific sexual descriptions. Social studies text books are carefully surveyed to test their treat ments of black leaders, of slavery, and of the reconstruction period, to determine to what ex tent they reflect new scholarship and how they measure up to the justifiable and understand able complaints that most of our textbooks have been guilty of white ethnocentrism."
Campus Protest and the Administrator
Authors: Fearon Christopher P.
Published: March 2007

"At White Plains, Tercizio Binotto, assistant principal, in full view of the demonstrating students, asked the police to leave; and, inside, the discussions with the principal continued. On March 27, the students agreed to return to classes after the administration had promised to act on student demands. A violent confronta tion might have been triggered by the police had not one administrator coolly taken charge."
Student-Oriented Teachers and How to Find Them
Authors: Cross Janet S. , Nagle John M.
Published: March 2007

Every school these days has elaborate plans for dealing with that moment when a group of stu dents decides to take over the main school corridor or occupy the principal's office. But a longer, more challenging occupation of school space—students in classrooms-often goes almost unnoticed because teachers think the real chal lenge comes from their subject matter, not from their pupils.
Teacher Participation in Organizational Decisions
Authors: Schmuck Richard , Blumberg Arthur
Published: March 2007

"... Where efficiency depends on continued coordination and interaction of persons, a deci sion produced by the group to be involved will almost always be superior to one produced by even the most capable of individuals."
Intergroup Relations in Education: A Force for Change
Authors: Gibson John S.
Published: March 2007

"If students in all of our schools really are to receive education which will help them to live effectively, peacefully, and comfortably in an integrated society, we need educational leader ship and curricula which will advance them to ward this objective. There is no evidence that any racial imbalance law really is performing this task."
Foreign Language
Authors: Strasheim Lorraine A.
Published: March 2007

"We are going to have to learn to accept for eign language as one of the vehicles by which students may learn to control their environment more fully.... It is incredible that the study of a language—a people's most characteristic dif ferentiation—could ever have become so much an 'intellectual' pursuit."
Richmond Public Schools
Authors: Keene Thelma B.
Published: March 2007

Most of the summer activities reported on in the articles that follow are discussed out of context; that is to say, each of these activities is but one part of a much more extensive pro gram that a community and its schools carried on for their young people. But the total com munity effort does deserve attention, and the next two papers illustrate the kind of setting in which most of the reported activities oper ated. First, we reproduce the memorandum distributed last spring by the Richmond, Vir ginia, public schools.
Alternatives to the Long, Hot Summer
Authors: Georgiady Nicholas P. , Romano Louis G.
Published: March 2007

Marked increases in teen-age disturbances dur ing the summer months point up the lack of worthwhile occupations for young people—of either the job or recreation variety—when school no longer occupies them. A project, "TOPS" or Teen-Age Opportunity Programs in Summer," was instituted to study this prob lem of inadequate and poor-quality summer programs for teen-agers. The project's findings, and the suggestions for school and community planners that resulted from the project, are reported here.
Classroom in the Out-of-Doors
Authors: Williams Robert J. , Rodgers Norman G.
Published: March 2007

"To date [the land laboratory] includes op portunities for (1) summer gardening and Christmas tree planting programs for elemen tary students, (2) vocational horticulture and construction programs for disadvantaged youth, (3) science field trips for elementary students, (4) work stations for Neighborhood Youth Corps members, and (5) planned visits by con servationists interested in promoting conserva tion education."
Operation Upstream
Authors: Penman Ian
Published: March 2007

Two 26-day programs include experiences and instruction in survival training in the wilder ness. Rock climbing, water expedience, canoe ing, mountain climbing, fire fighting, rescue techniques, and a mountain-hiking expedition are included.
Advanced Leadership Seminar
Authors: Maggio Thomas P.
Published: March 2007

"Although emphasis is placed on preparing student council officers and representatives, the program has proven valuable for officers as well as prospective leaders of class organizations, school and community clubs, and fraternal groups in high schools and colleges."
Minorities in the Curriculum: What's Happening in Massachusetts?
Authors: Allen Patricia R.
Published: March 2007

In this paper, Miss Allen ably discusses state- wide and local efforts to develop and institute minority studies in the schools. She says: "To correct the inaccurate historical record is only part of the need. Many educators are also con cerned about the much more difficult task of changing discriminatory attitudes. The implica tion is that teachers and administrators must change first."
Career Guidance
Authors: Katz Martin R.
Published: March 2007

"If you agree that wisdom must reside mainly in the process, not the outcome, of decision-mak ing, the question remains: Can we help students develop mastery of an enlightened process of decision-making?"
Schools in the 70's
Authors: Gores Harold B.
Published: March 2007

Mr. Gores discusses the individualization and visualization of learning, fast-track planning of school facilities, the development of tools of education, the copying revolution, the way cultural changes affect the design of schoolhouses, and some philosophical observations on what education is all about.
What's Right with Junior High and Middle School Education?
Authors: Gruhn William T.
Published: March 2007

Mr. Gruhn lists characteristics of junior high and middle schools which he considers "right." He covers areas from the philosophical base of the school for early adolescents to the high- quality leadership which has been exhibited in this unit of the U.S. educational system. His observations are based on his own wide experi ence in education.
Individual Instruction for Potential Dropouts
Authors: Dauw Edward G.
Published: March 2007

This article describes an individualized instruc tion program the Pontiac school system designed especially for potential dropouts. The results of an evaluation of the program may be useful to other school systems contemplating similar involvement.
Mobile Science Laboratory
Authors: Carpenter Charles D.
Published: March 2007

"The Mobile Laboratory Program has been an enrichment for secondary students, providing a useful and meaningful opportunity for field science study. Students' achievement, in some cases, has led to state and national recognition and awards. It has introduced inquiry methods of learning to elementary students and has ex tended their usage by secondary students."
Federal Aid to Private and Parochial Schools
Authors: Killeen Gerald A.
Published: March 2007

"The really critical question, then, is not whether Congress may spend money on educa tion, for this comes under the heading of 'gen eral welfare'.... The question is whether the First Amendment principle of separation of church and state prohibits Congress from giving aid to private and parochial schools and col leges or to students attending these institutions."
Football for Junior High Schoolers?
Authors: Beyer Kurt
Published: March 2007

Should participation in football in grades seven through nine be encouraged? NASSP each year receives several inquiries in this regard, and a recent one was forwarded to the New York State Public High School Athletic Association because a modified program for boys in these grades has been in operation in that state for 20 years. Herewith the answer from the chair man of the Modified Program Committee of the NYSPHSAA.
A Student Lounge for the Small High School
Authors: Flickinger Kenneth E.
Published: March 2007

As a project to bring cohesive maturity to a student body, the student-financed and student- controlled lounge has worked for at least one school. This is the story of the motivation that brought a lounge to a small high school.
A Change Recipe for Small Rural Schools
Authors: Hartenberger Walter , Rothrock Elaine
Published: March 2007

In down-to-earth talk, Mr. Hartenberger and Miss Rothrock suggest ingredients for their recipe for change. Helpful cooking instruc tions are included also.
In Defense of Administrivia
Authors: Spencer Ralph
Published: March 2007

Feeling guilty because you spend a lot of time on the "nuts and bolts" of administration? Then you may be the victim of what Mr. Spencer considers unfortunate overemphasis on theory as opposed to practice in the training of school administrators. It is a high-order chal lenge, he says, to develop solutions to practical problems, for that is where theory is tested.
Expulsion Laws Confront Due Process in Federal Courts
Authors: Voelz Stephen J.
Published: March 2007

The courts are becoming more definitive in their application of due process to public school dis missal procedures; existing state laws are being superseded. Here is a summary of present state law and legal precedent on the subject, with recommendations of use to school authorities where state law and precedent are inadequate or absent.
The Revolutionary Movement in Secondary Education Throughout the World
Authors: Read Gerald
Published: March 2007

The main goal of the worldwide revolution in secondary education is to bring all of the chil dren of all the people into secondary schools. It started in the U.S. and has spread to every technologically advanced nation. It brought as- yet unresolved problems here; it is bringing similar problems elsewhere.

Here is a penetrating, wide-ranging analysis of this world revolution, based on a five-year cross-national, interdisciplinary study.
Reorganizing the Schools for IPI
Authors: Wiener William K. , Biondolillo Andrew C. , Rankin Harold J.
Published: March 2007

Successful adoption of IPI requires systemic, not piecemeal, change. The Jamesville-DeWitt Cen tral Schools may have the answer. The holistic approach, carefully planned in advance, charac terizes the schools' current efforts, described here.
The Teacher as General Practitioner of Education
Authors: Newman Samuel W.
Published: March 2007

This article represents a distillation of Mr. Newman's thoughts on school reform after a sabbatical year during which he traveled from coast to coast in the U.S., visiting and studying schools at all levels. It is, in very brief compass, a rationale for fundamental revision of second ary education.
Practical Ways of Improving Curriculum Via Measurable Objectives
Authors: Popham W. James
Published: March 2007

Mr. Popham is a persuasive proponent of the use of precise measurable objectives to improve curriculum, instruction, and evaluation. In the sixties there was a coalescing of advocacy for measurable objectives but little implementation. He believes that the coming decade will yield important dividends.
What Has Happened to the Middle School?
Authors: Alexander William M.
Published: March 2007

(Editor's Note— For space reasons, we have been compelled to present only excerpts from excel lent presentations made at the NASSP conven tion by Mr. Alexander, Mr. Romine, and Mr. George. Readers interested in securing a copy of the complete remarks of these speakers should address the director of NASSP publica tions at the Washington, D.C., headquarters.)
Metro: Experimental High School Without Walls
Authors: Blackman Nathaniel
Published: March 2007

Widely different experiments in using the com munity as classroom are described briefly by their directors in the three articles that follow. The schools are located in Chicago, Toronto, and New York City.
What's Happening in Student Activities in the Schools of the Seventies?
Authors: Buser Robert L.
Published: March 2007

Changes in school activities have not kept pace with other changes in education. This article reveals a number of disturbing conclusions about the role of student activities in the schools of this decade.
The Principal as Manager of Change
Authors: Bockman Valerie M.
Published: March 2007

The principal's leadership role is essential in effecting meaningful change in education, the author asserts. After reviewing the traditional and behavioral approaches to management, she emphasizes that attitude is the key word.
Scientific Literacy A View from a Developing Country
Authors: Kondo Allan K.
Published: March 2007

This author discusses scientific literacy from the perspective of a scientifically and educationally unsophisticated society. Oddly enough, taking a look at other people's unscientific attitudes can give us new insight into our own.
Developing a Science Curriculum: The Principal's Role
Authors: Callon George F.
Published: March 2007

Presented in this article is the author's own experience in science curriculum change. He has stripped it of research notes and has based it on observed facts, hoping to inspire others to do more research in the area of desirable leader ship traits for developing innovative projects.
Multiple Ways to a More Humane School
Authors: Wilhelms Fred T.
Published: March 2007

Defining terms is difficult. In this article and the two which follow, well-known spokesmen for humanizing education tackle the job of defining a very broad concept.

Wilhelms warns readers not to limit their own definitions of the concept of humanization to kindliness and affection alone. He asks school administrators to pursue its "tougher dimen sions."
A Changing School
Authors: Hopper Catherine , Hansen William
Published: March 2007

Writing from experience and involvement in organizing a school where there are humane opportunities for learning, the co-authors of this article say it's easier to help the faculty develop needed skills for humanization than to implement a structure which encourages attitu dinal changes.
A Democratic Approach to Problem Solving
Authors: Kraft Arthur
Published: March 2007

As a result of school-wide discussions, many issues were aired and some significant changes occurred in one junior high beset with prob lems. The author advocates a "trust-and-work- with approach" as the only productive option for beleaguered administrators.
Principals' Attitudes Toward Counselor Role and Function
Authors: Dietz Siegfried C.
Published: March 2007

How the principal perceives the role of the school counselor is the subject of this article. The writer reports what he learned from a survey of secondary school principals in Ten nessee.
Should There Be Foreign "Language" Courses?
Authors: Cavanaugh Neal F.
Published: March 2007

After asking for a re-examination of the phil osophy in teaching foreign languages, the writer presents his argument for linking culture and language for the majority of students who do not pursue several years of a foreign language.
The School Principal: Key Man in Educational Change
Authors: Tye Kenneth A.
Published: March 2007

Believing that the principalship is the key position for facilitating change, this author provides practical suggestions for the principal as change-agent.
The Living Curriculum in Language Arts
Authors: Briney Andrena C.
Published: March 2007

Promoting steady enthusiasm and personal affirmation in teaching, the author describes a program in Tennessee called the Living Cur riculum.
The Facts in the Case
Authors: Seyfert Warren C.
Published: March 2007

The results of a national survey on collegiate use of RiC have been analyzed in terms of the four chief characteristics that are associated with differences in a college's practice: 1 public or private support, 2 two- or four-year institutions, 3 size of enrollment, and 4 section of country. The tables and commentary here explain the findings.
Program Budgeting: Implications for Secondary Principals
Authors: Brockmann Fred J.
Published: March 2007

The focus here is on program budgeting, with the author paying special heed to how the prin . cipal as a member of the administrative team can contribute significantly to this component of PPBS.
Firsthand Experiences with PPBS at the Classroom Level
Authors: Heyman Rosalyn S.
Published: March 2007

This article reports the results and conclusions of an attempt in Los Angeles to bring PPBS to the teachers. What was learned about imple menting PPBS in the schools is the focus of the author.
Changing to the Metric System
Authors: Joly Roxee W.
Published: March 2007

This article is written for educators in the sec cndary schools for two complementary reasons. A summary is needed of the history of and cur rent situation in "metrication," as the British call it. An examination is needed of ways in which we can teach the theory and practice of decimal notation so that its operational facility is a genuine advantage.
The Principal: Power or Pawn?
Authors: Erlandson David A.
Published: March 2007

The principal should test the limits of his school system's diversity by taking a variety of desirable actions without first consulting his superiors, according to the author. He advo cates positive action on the part of principals rather than reaction to external stimuli.
Enriching Principals' Meetings With Viable Programs
Authors: Scarborough John A.
Published: March 2007

Good programs are often said to be the life- blood of an organization. Long associated with planned meetings, the author makes a plea for the involvement of participants to ensure pro gram interest.
Changing Classroom Behavior
Authors: George Paul S.
Published: March 2007

Combining education theory with techniques of behavioral science produces a successful means of effecting change in the classroom, says this advocate of contingency management. He dis cusses the tools, the strategy, and the rules of the game.
Three Dilemmas of Supervision
Authors: Newton Robert R.
Published: March 2007

Supervision, in the opinion of the author, can be singularly important in the improvement of teaching and learning. In this article, he identi fies three dilemmas facing supervision, which he claims must be confronted before improvements can be made.
Problems and Progress in Junior High Reading Programs
Authors: Kennedy Larry D.
Published: March 2007

The growth of reading programs in junior high schools is in the hands of teachers having two . different educational orientations. What must be done to overcome this apparent difficulty is explained and explored in this article.
What are the Differences?
Authors: Davis Edward L.
Published: March 2007

In an effort to learn more about the growth of middle schools in the sixties, the author sur veyed a select sampling of middle and junior high schools to see if they in fact met the de scriptions appearing in the literature. His find ings are presented in this article.
Social Studies Chairmanship in Secondary Schools
Authors: Miller Harry G. , Brown Sheldon L.
Published: March 2007

The role of social studies chairmen, as revealed in a survey of more than 200 in the area covered by the North Central Association, is depicted. The writer concludes that chairmen can provide instructional leadership but that they need support and authority to initiate this leadership.
A Student-Centered Scheduling Model
Authors: Parker Jack
Published: March 2007

Experienced as a practitioner and as a student in build ing master schedules for both junior and senior high schools, the author recommends a procedure that puts the human element back into scheduling students and teachers into the right classes.
Why Small-Group Instruction?
Authors: Clark Bill M. , Ramsey Marl E.
Published: March 2007

There's more to small group instruction than just fewer students, point out the authors who describe several techniques teachers should employ to make their small group teaching effective for learners.
Why Innovative Schools Don't Remain Innovative
Authors: Glines Don
Published: March 2007

Schools that are frontline innovators have difficulty sus taining their leadership thrust, the writer contends, pri marily because of difficulty in the broad areas of training, leadership, professionalism, and community.
Breaking the Lockstep for the Gifted
Authors: Meskill Victor P. , Lauper Russell T.
Published: March 2007

This article describes a program that offers freshman col lege courses taught by college professors to qualified high school seniors in place of the normal senior year curriculum.
Give Process Its Due
Authors: Draves David D.
Published: March 2007

Teachers require process mastery of their students with out teaching it (i.e., requiring them to hypothesize with out formal instruction in how hypothesization occurs), this writer contends. It is imperative, he says, to give process its due in the classroom situation.
Due Process—IS NOW
Authors: Ferguson James E.
Published: March 2007

Realizing the need to establish a procedure to hear cases in which decisions are questioned, the student government organization in one midwestern school set out to formulate a fair and equitable due process procedure. The writer presents the Appeals Board procedure here as a model.
The St. Louis Youth-and-the-Law Project
Authors: Fishman Phillip F.
Published: March 2007

This article focuses on a project developed jointly by the St. Louis Board of Education and the Legal Aid Society of the City and County of St. Louis to provide legal education at the high school level.
An Analysis of Court-Ordered Desegregation
Authors: Smith H. Stuart
Published: March 2007

The author explores the schools' dilemma of being forced by Court rulings to be the immediate promoter of racial integration for the whole society. Because of sociological factors being ignored in the process, it is an impossible job, says this writer.
The Secondary School Principal and Student Drug Use
Authors: Nickerson Carl J.
Published: March 2007

A serious lack of sophistication marks our efforts to combat drug abuse, the author believes. We must consider the complex relationships among the individual, drugs, and society to create effective drug education programs.
An Interactional Approach to Preventing Drug Abuse
Authors: Sarmanian Jack
Published: March 2007

The author believes that most of our schools' current drug programs are ineffective because they deal with the facts (pharmacology and toxology) of drug abuse rather than with the values which surround a person's decision to use or to avoid drugs. He believes that the school, especially the individual teacher, can involve students in effective counter-abuse programs which deal with the affective aspects of drug use.
Best Books of 1972 on Vocational Guidance
Authors: Hoppock Robert
Published: March 2007

Each year the author of this article undertakes to review all new books on vocational guidance, except those de voted primarily to descriptions of occupations. The best of the books dealing with the theory and practice of vocational guidance are annotated in an annual list; this is it. Included are some earlier books not received in time for the review of 1971 publications.
Educating the Consumer
Authors: Furness Betty
Published: March 2007

Consumer education claims center stage in the high school curriculum today as a means of arming ourselves with the only effective weapon against exploitation— information.
Upheaval in School Law
Authors: George Thomas W.
Published: March 2007

Presented here is a review of court cases documenting a period of revolutionary transition in the relationships of administrators, teachers, and students.
Student Involvement on School Committees
Authors: Lovetere John P.
Published: March 2007

The author makes a valid point that "the general problem of how to involve students in the general operation of the school is advanced by the principles of participatory democracy." He explains how it works in his school.
Multicultural Education to Make the Nation Greater
Authors: Ramirez Henry M.
Published: March 2007

How can multicultural education be instituted so that minority-group students will not be culturally excluded in school? The author provides practical guidelines in this article.
Humanizing Large Schools: One School's Experience
Authors: Kier William R.
Published: March 2007

Providing humane high school environment requires some philosophical and psychological foundations. Fundamental is the belief in circumstances that permit persons to grow and change at their own pace, but under sensitive and rational guidance.
Alternative Public Schools: What Are They?
Authors: Smith Vernon H.
Published: March 2007

This comprehensive article analyzes the impetus for alter native schools' development, their present status, and reactions to their development.
Education by Choice
Authors: Fantini Mario D.
Published: March 2007

This article provides an overview of the various alternative programs for schools, pointing out their specific advantages. Examples are given of some of the country's outstanding programs.
Solving Administrative Problems in Alternative Schools
Authors: Hill Edward E. , Eyres John
Published: March 2007

Alternative programs have their attendant problems. But they are solvable, the authors say, by the technique that applies to any problem.
Decision Making in Alternative Schools
Authors: Glatthorn Allan
Published: March 2007

The author describes the structure and process of a special blend of authoritative leadership and democratic action. He says it works well for either alternative or traditional schools.
The Challenge of the Assistant Principalship
Authors: Childress Jack R.
Published: March 2007

Participation in several NASSP conferences for assistant principals provided this writer with an opportunity to think extensively about the role of these much neglected individuals. The insights gained and the reactions obtained from these meetings provide the backdrop for this intro duction.
Making the Assistant Principalship A Career Position
Authors: Bordinger Donald L.
Published: March 2007

With a good grasp of what the assistant principalship is all about, the author cites verse and chapter about the likes and dislikes of persons in this job and about what they should be doing if the position is to attract careerists.