bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical Effect of Epinephrine on Lesion Redness and Vascularity
Authors: Nazir Zaeem H. , Rishpon Ayelet , Kose Kivanc , Marghoob Nadeem G. , Liopyris Konstantinos , Navarrete-Dechent Cristian , Dusza Stephen W. , Daoud Alexander , Marghoob Ashfaq A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Epinephrine is commonly used in combination with local anesthetic (lidocaine/epinephrine) due to its beneficial vasoconstrictive properties. Typically, pallor is appreciated after injection as a sign of effect; however, we observed that some cutaneous malignancies paradoxically revealed increased redness and vascularity after injection of lidocaine/epinephrine. In this study, we investigate this phenomenon among a series of biopsied lesions to identify characteristics of lesions associated with increased redness and/or vascularity.Objectives: To determine characteristics of lesions which become redder or more vascular after injection with lidocaine/epinephrine prior to biopsy. Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of a convenience sample of lesions scheduled for biopsy. Lesions were photographed prior to and 7 minutes after injection of lidocaine/epinephrine as a part of standard care. Two readers blinded to study objectives and histopathological diagnosis assessed lesions for changes in redness and vascular features.Results: Fifty-four lesions from 47 patients—61.7% male, mean age 64.8 years, age-range 24-91 were included. Thirty-six lesions were biopsy confirmed malignant, with 5 in-situ and 31 invasive malignancies; the remaining 18 lesions were benign. In comparison to non-malignant lesions, malignant lesions were associated with an increase in clinically appreciable vascular features after injection of lidocaine/epinephrine, X2 (1) = 21.600, p<0.001. Further stratification into benign, in-situ, and invasive lesions strengthened the association, X2 (1) = 23.272, p<0.001. Conclusions: Combination lidocaine/epinephrine has been shown to paradoxically increase the visibility of vessels seen in cutaneous malignancies. This is consistent with prior literature suggesting aberrant adrenergic signaling in neoangiogenic vessels.
AGuIX nanoparticles enhance ionizing radiation-induced ferroptosis on tumor cells by targeting the NRF2-GPX4 signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Hao , Cai Hui , Xu Chang , Zhai Hezheng , Lux François , Xie Yi , Feng Li , Du Liqing , Liu Yang , Sun Xiaohui , Wang Qin , Song Huijuan , He Ningning , Zhang Manman , Ji Kaihua , Wang Jinhan , Gu Yeqing , Leduc Géraldine , Doussineau Tristan , Wang Yan , Liu Qiang , Tillement Olivier
Published: June 2022

In the frame of radiotherapy treatment of cancer, radioresistance remains a major issue that still needs solutions to be overcome. To effectively improve the radiosensitivity of tumors and reduce the damage of radiation to neighboring normal tissues, radiosensitizers have been given increasing attention in recent years. As nanoparticles based on the metal element gadolinium, AGuIX nanoparticles have been shown to increase the radiosensitivity of cancers. Although it is a rare nanomaterial that has entered preclinical trials, the unclear biological mechanism hinders its further clinical application. In this study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of AGuIX nanoparticles in the radiosensitization of triple-negative breast cancer. We found that AGuIX nanoparticles increased the level of DNA damage by compromising the homologous recombination repair pathway instead of the non-homologous end joining pathway. Moreover, the results showed that AGuIX nanoparticles induced apoptosis, but the degree of apoptosis ability was very low, which cannot fully explain their strong radiosensitizing effect. Ferroptosis, the other mode of cell death, was also discovered to play a significant role in radiation sensitization, and AGuIX nanoparticles may regulate the anti-ferroptosis system by inhibiting the NRF2-GSH-GPX4 signaling pathway.
A duplex nested RT-PCR method for monitoring porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine delta-coronavirus
Authors: Li Chunqi , Hu Liqun , Liu Guoping , Wang Yan , Li Tong , Chen Shaoxian , Yang Xiaolin , Guo Liwei , Ma Lixin , Zeng Jianguo
Published: June 2022

· Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine delta-coronavirus (PDCoV) are economically important pathogens that cause diarrhea in sows and acute death of newborn piglets. Moreover, the emerging porcine delta-coronavirus was reported to infect children. The current situation is that vaccine prevention has not met expectations, and emergency containment strategies following outbreaks cannot prevent the damages and losses already incurred. Therefore, a more sensitive detection method, that is both convenient and enables accurate and effective sequencing, that will provide early warning of PEDV and PDCoV is necessary. This will enable active, effective, and comprehensive prevention and control, which will possibly reduce disease occurrences.· Results: Duplex nested RT-PCR (dnRT-PCR) is an ideal method to achieve early warning and monitoring of PEDV and PDCoV diseases, and to additionally identify any molecular epidemiological characteristics. In this study, two pairs of primers were designed for each virus based upon the highly conserved N protein sequences of both PEDV and PDCoV retrieved from the NCBI Genbank PEDV and PDCoV entries. After optimization of the reaction conditions, the dnRT-PCR assay amplified a 749-bp fragment specific to PEDV and a 344-bp fragment specific to PDCoV. Meanwhile, the specificity and sensitivity of the primers and clinical samples were tested to verify and establish this dnRT-PCR method. The limit of detection (LoD)for both PEDV and PDCoV was 10 copies/ml. The results showed that among 251 samples, 1 sample contained PEDV infection only, 19 samples contained a PDCoV infection, and 8 samples were infected with both viruses, following the use of dnRT-PCR. Thereafter, the positive samples were sent for sequencing, and the sequencing results confirmed that they were all positive for the viruses detected using dnRT-PCR, and conventional RT-PCR detection was conducted again after the onset of disease. As these results were consistent with previous results, a detection method for PEDV and PDCoV using dnRT-PCR was successfully established. In conclusion, the dnRT-PCR method established in this study was able to detect both PEDV and PDCoV, concomitantly.· Conclusions: The duplex nested RT-PCR method represents a convenient, reliable, specific, sensitive and anti-interference technique for detecting PEDV and PDCoV, and can additionally be used to simultaneously determine the molecular epidemiological background.
How can I improve the skills of writing balanced chemical equations using chemical symbols and formulas for 2nd year 10 integrated natural science extension trainees? The case of Woldia College of Teachers Education
Authors: Yideg Tilahun Mengistie
Published: June 2022

The main objective of this study was to improve writing skills of balanced chemical equations using chemical symbols of elements and formulas for ten 2nd Year integrated Natural Science extension trainees. Participants were selected using a purpose sampling method. The tools used in data collection were observation, document analysis, questionnaire, test, and interview. The data collected by these tools were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative analysis methods according to their characteristics. According to this study, the participants had very little understanding of the symbolic language, which is very important for learning chemistry. Therefore, to solve this problem and to fill the gaps, the researcher had to set special tutorial and counseling programs to improve their skills. After the plan was implemented, all the study participants' skills in chemical symbol identification, writing formulas, and balanced chemical equation improved except for one trainee.
Use of prohydrojasmon to suppress Frankliniella occidentalis and tomato spotted wilt virus in chrysanthemums
Authors: Matsuura Shohei , Takehara Yushi , Sakurai Tamito
Published: June 2022

We evaluated the suppressive effect of prohydrojasmon (PDJ) on Frankliniella occidentalis and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in chrysanthemums under semi-commercial conditions. Overhead sprinkling of plants with PDJ did not suppress initial colonization by released adult thrips. However, it significantly reduced subsequent feeding damage on leaves and reproduction of larval offspring. Rates of 1 and 2 L/m2 0.8 mM PDJ equally suppressed F. occidentalis and feeding damage without phytotoxic effect on chrysanthemums, although 3 L/m2 reduced plant growth. The PDJ had a residual effect of at least 8 days. Weekly applications suppressed the occurrence of TSWV transmitted by viruliferous adults dispersed from infection-source plants to a degree consistent with that of feeding damage, so PDJ might inhibit primary infection via disruption of feeding behavior. All our findings suggest that PDJ may offer a powerful option for the control of F. occidentalis and Orthotospovirus diseases transmitted by it in chrysanthemum greenhouses.
What is the impact of COVID-19 pandemic era 2020 on JSSK-JANANI-SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKRAM (mother-child protection program) services utilization in India – A cross-sectional comparative research study?
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate
Published: June 2022

In India due to the elevated fertility rate and vast population (globally next to china) mother (Janani) and child (Shishu) protection programs (Suraksha Karyakaram) are quite significant for public healthcare provision systems, especially in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic era during which most of the necessary pregnancy and infant care protective health services utilization are disrupted. The Government of India started JSSK (Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram) on 1st June 2011 for the benefit of millions of pregnant women (PW) and infants utilizing Government (public) health facilities across all the States and UTs (union territories) of India. The Government JSSK scheme provides various free entitlements and services to PW and infants. This may improve maternal and child health services utilization at public health facilities which can reduce MMR (maternal mortality rate) and IMR (infant mortality rate) in the country. The ongoing COVID 19 pandemic era has disrupted several routine health services utilization in India due to lockdowns etc particularly RCH (reproductive and child health) healthcare services which made a situation of rethinking necessary to take necessary steps in the healthcare system's current scenario to prioritize the services according to need and urgency as well as to construct a robust plan to ensure public health services utilization amidst pandemic or any disasters. This research study was done to provide reference to the scientific community and decision-makers with concrete data analysis from accredited HMIS (Health Management Information system) source (Government of India- MoHFW (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare)) to find out the COVID-19 impact on JSSK services utilization by the PW and sick infants of India attending public healthcare facilities across 36 states and UTs of India. This research study was public health facility-based, retrospective, mixed, cross-sectional study that was conducted for infants and pregnant women who utilized the available free services under JSSK in the public health facilities across 36 states and UTs of India from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2020. The first COVID-19 patient in India was confirmed on the 27th of January 2020. Hence for this research study, the year before 2020 i.e. 2018, and 2019 were considered as the pre-pandemic period and the year 2020 was considered as the pandemic period. This research study revealed that there is an increase in almost all JSSK service utilization at public health facilities in India compared to the pre-pandemic era on a cumulative all India basis.
Towards hybrid artificial neural network model in predicting long term total healthcare expenditure in Rwanda
Authors: Uwimana Annie , Hategekimana Isaac , Nzabanita Joseph , Habarugira Venant , Shuguang Zhang
Published: June 2022

For a sustainable Healthcare expenditure policy, it is important to have accurate forecasts to avoid any sort of uncertainty about the rise in Healthcare expenditures. The Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model and the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) models have got attention and have been the preferred model to forecast Healthcare expenditures for decades. However, it has been found that each of the two models has weaknesses in capturing linear and nonlinear relationships in data. It is with this background that, we proposed a hybrid model, which differs in combining the advantages of Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average and Artificial Neural Networks. The hybrid model was tested on sets of Rwanda total Healthcare expenditure actual data, and the empirical results of the forecasted values in 2027 are 552,881.33 million Rwandan francs. Our results showed the effectiveness of the hybrid model which has a higher prediction accuracy as compared to the existing models. For policymakers to better plan for future resources and estimate the amount of the budget allocated to Healthcare, there is a need of accurate estimation of Healthcare expenditure as it impact government policy and planning.
The Prediction of Diabetes
Authors: Massaro Alessandro , Magaletti Nicola , Cosoli Gabriele , Giardinelli Vito , Leogrande Angelo
Published: June 2022

The following article presents an analysis of the determinants of diabetes using a dataset containing the surveys of 2000 patients from the Frankfurt Hospital in Germany. The data were analyzed using the following models, namely: Tobit, Probit, Logit, Multinomial Logit, OLS, WLS with heteroskedasticity. The results show that the presence of diabetes is positively associated with "Pregnancies", "Glucose", "BMI", "Diabetes Pedigree Function", "Age" and negatively associated with "Blood Pressure". A cluster analysis is realized using the fuzzy c-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow method and three clusters were found. Finally a confrontation among eight different machine learning algorithms is realized to select the best performing algorithm to predict the probability of patients to develop diabetes.
Long-term spatiotemporal patterns and trends in water quality reveal a coastal continuum of disturbance legacies
Authors: Julian Paul , Fourqurean Jim , Davis Stephan , Surratt Donatto , Gaiser Evelyn R , Kominoski John S , Troxler Tiffany G , Boyer Joseph N , Thomas Serge , Briceño Henry O , Madden Chris , Montes Enrique , Kelble Chris
Published: June 2022

Long-term ecological research is revealing a strong role of disturbance legacies in biogeochemical dynamics in ecosystems. In this study, we examined changes in dissolved and total inorganic nutrients, organic carbon, and chlorophyll-a concentrations across a large freshwater-to-marine aquatic continuum. We hypothesized that the rate of change in water quality would be greatest in the coastal ecotone where disturbances interact to drive nutrient cycling. Using trend analyses on multi-decadal data collected from 461 locations from the southern Everglades to the Florida Keys, USA. Observed trends of total organic carbon decreased throughout the study area and was the only parameter with a systematic trend throughout the study area. Results of this study demonstrate spatial variability across a large spatial and temporal extent associated with changes in biogeochemical indicators and water quality conditions. Chemical and biological responses to disturbance determine the distribution of nutrients and signals of productivity changes across coastal gradients. Scientific Significance Statement Disturbances such as hurricanes, wildfires, sea-level rise, and eutrophication can change water quality conditions in fresh and marine waters. While it is difficult to attribute specific changes to specific disturbances, the cumulative effect and interaction of disturbances result in the water quality we experience. Numerous studies have been conducted at small and moderate scales evaluating changes in water quality conditions relative to disturbance events across the Everglades and southern Florida. Here we compared long-term changes in water quality over a wide spatial extent ranging from the freshwater Everglades to the reefs of the Florida Keys. Our study demonstrates spatial variability across a large spatial and temporal extent associated with changes in water quality conditions relative to disturbance events.
Rapid Evidence Assessment on Women’s Empowerment Interventions within the Food System: a meta-analysis
Authors: Berretta Miriam , Kupfer Meital , Lane Charlotte , Shisler Shannon
Published: June 2022

BackgroundWomen’s empowerment interventions represent a key opportunity to improve nutrition-related outcomes. Still, cross-contextual evidence on the factors that cause poorer nutrition outcomes for women and girls and how women’s empowerment can improve nutrition outcomes is scant.The objective was to rapidly synthesise the available evidence regarding the impacts of interventions that attempt to empower women and/or girls to access, participate in and take control of components of the food system. MethodologyWe considered outcomes related to food security; food affordability and availability; dietary quality and adequacy; anthropometrics; iron, zinc, vitamin A, and iodine status; and measures of wellbeing. We also sought to understand factors affecting implementation and sustainability, including equity. We conducted a rapid evidence assessment, based on the systematic literature search of key academic databases and grey literature sources performed for the regular maintenance of the living Food System and Nutrition Evidence Gap Map. Impact evaluations and systematic reviews of impact evaluations that considered the women’s empowerment interventions in food systems and food security and nutrition outcomes were eligible for inclusion. We conducted an additional search for supplementary, contextual, qualitative data related to included studies. ConclusionOverall, women’s empowerment interventions improve nutrition-related outcomes, with the largest effects on food security and food affordability and availability. Diet quality and adequacy, anthropometrics, and well-being effects were smaller. Due to the limited number of included studies for anthropometric and well-being outcomes, these effects are inconclusive. Insights from the qualitative evidence suggest that women’s empowerment interventions best influenced nutritional outcomes when addressing characteristics of gender-transformative approaches, such as considering gender and social norms. Policy-makers should consider improving women’s social capital so they can better control and decide how to feed their families. Qualitative evidence suggests that multi-component interventions seem to be more sustainable than single-focus interventions, in particular combining a livelihoods component with behavioural change communication. Researchers should consider issues with inconsistent data and reporting, particularly relating to seasonal changes, social norms and time taken between rounds of data collection. Future studies on gender-transformative approaches should carefully considering contextual norms and avoiding stereotyping women into pre-decided roles which may perpetuate social norms.
Investment Returns for Preemergence Herbicide Use in No-till Pumpkin
Authors: Walters S. Alan , Young Bryan G.
Published: June 2022

Preemergence (PRE) herbicides are an important part of the overall weed management plan in no-till (NT) pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) production. A field evaluation was conducted in an NT production system using PRE herbicides labeled for pumpkins to determine the benefits of specific herbicide combinations and the economic returns on investment associated with their use. The PRE herbicide treatments evaluated were 1) s-metolachlor (1360 g⋅ha–1 a.i.), 2) clomazone (350 g⋅ha–1 a.i.) and ethalfluralin premix (1120 g⋅ha–1 a.i.), 3) s-metolachlor + clomazone and ethalfluralin premix, 4) s-metolachlor + halosulfuron (35 g⋅ha–1 a.i.), 5) clomazone and ethalfluralin premix + halosulfuron, and 6) none. The primary weed species present were tall waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis). The best weed control option for full-season broadleaf and grass weed control was s-metolachlor + clomazone and ethalfluralin. This herbicide combination also provided the greatest economic return on investment, ranging from a 20% to 40% improvement (depending on the year) compared with the next closest PRE herbicide treatment. Those with the lowest returns on investment were s-metolachlor combined with halosulfuron, and clomazone and ethalfluralin combined with halosulfuron. Besides providing the highest returns on investment, the PRE application of s-metolachlor with clomazone and ethalfluralin also produced the largest pumpkin fruit for the weed species present. Although growers often look for ways to reduce input costs in NT pumpkin production systems, the proper selection of PRE herbicides that considers the weed species present is clearly an important investment that improves pumpkin yields and revenues.
Planting Site Effects on Early Growth of Pecan Tree Transplants
Authors: Wells Lenny , Sawyer Andrew
Published: June 2022

Site selection is key to successful establishment of fruit and nut trees. The upland soils on which pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] trees are commonly planted in the southeastern United States consist of sites that have recently been in row crop cultivation or pine or hardwood timber. Anecdotal observation suggests that orchards planted to land converted from cultivated row crop fields tends to result in better tree growth and survival than those on land recently converted from timber plantations or wooded areas. The objective of this experiment was to compare growth of first- through third-leaf pecan trees planted on sites with varying land-use history [row crop cultivation or pine (Pinus spp.) tree production up to the year before planting] and to determine the effects of supplemental addition of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and zinc (Zn) at planting on the two sites. These results suggest that the soil conditions of sites recently in pine timber production limit the growth and development of pecan trees planted to those sites. These limitations result from soil acidity and an exhaustion of soil nutrients and loss of organic matter on pine sites, making the uptake of nitrogen (N), P, K, and calcium (Ca) challenging during the establishment phase unless soils are improved before planting.
Real-time ab initio description of the photon-echo mechanisms in extended systems: the case study of bulk GaAs
Authors: D'Alessandro Marco , Sangalli Davide
Published: June 2022

In this paper we present an ab-initio real-time analysis of free polarization decay and photon echo
in extended systems. As a prototype material, we study bulk GaAs driven by ultra-short laser pulses
with a FWHM of 10 fs. We compute the electronic polarization P(t) and define a computational
procedure to extract the echo signal. Results are obtained in both the low and high field regime,
and compared with a two-levels system (TLS) model, with parameters extracted from the ab-initio simulations.
An optimal agreement with the TLS is found in the low-field case, whereas some differences are observed
in the high-field regime where the multi-band nature of GaAs becomes relevant.
The Composite Incompossible: Forbidden symmetries
Authors: Tromans Steve , Schmidt Heidi
Published: June 2022

This work is a collaboration between Steve Tromans and Heidi Schmidt, and operates in the fold between sound art and philosophy. Both researchers recorded improvised monologues on themes of folding, the tesseract, space and time, and Tromans mixed these together in a composition that utilises time and pitch stretching, stereo-field panning, delay and echo-bounce effects, to provide for the listener an experience of “incompossibility” (cf. Deleuze 1988). The piece’s composite incompossibility is created through the superposition, unfolding, and enfolding of the voices – transforming their original space and time into a “forbidden” zone: the event of the piece’s tesseract. The final composition happens in the listening, rendering the listener a co-composer / compositor.
Investigation of the effect of modal analysis correlation on actuator/sensor positions for plate structures
Authors: Gülbahçe Erdi , Çelik Mehmet
Published: June 2022

In this study, a mode combination approach is proposed to place actuator/sensor pairs according to the experimental modal analysis results. The method is carried out by combining modes using the weighting coefficients with a finite element package program. First, this approach is applied to four different structures presented in the previous works in literature to compare and verify. Our results demonstrate that the determined best locations overlap well with the published results. Then, this combination approach is applied to the steel plate with bolt connections on four sides to determine actuator/sensor (a/s) pairs’ placement accuracy, which is directly related to experimental/numerical modal correlation. For this purpose, three different cases varying by weighting coefficients are determined to show the modal correlation's effectiveness. Finally, the possible best a/s positions for three cases are compared. In conclusion, the presented mode combination approach is a fast and practical solution for determining a/s pairs’ placement, and the experimental/numerical modal analysis correlation directly affects the placement's success.
Vibration analysis of screw-fed systems used in additive manufacturing technology
Authors: Ersoy Sezgin , Kaba Mehmet , Ekinli Bekir
Published: June 2022

Additive manufacturing technology has become quite widespread and produces solutions in many areas. Although it is much more advantageous than machining, this technology continues to be developed every day to increase productivity. In additive production systems with different production processes, it may be necessary to improve the system in order to increase the quality of the products that are desired to increase the sensitivity. In this study, it is aimed to determine the vibration behavior of the screw used in the screw extruder method, which will eliminate the errors caused by the continuous filament technology used in FDM technology in layered production.
Numerical simulations on VIV of a flexible cylinder under two degree-of-freedoms excitations
Authors: Deng Di , Peng Weicai
Published: June 2022

In deep sea oil exploitation, offshore structures subjected to winds, waves and currents will cause the connected flexible riser to oscillate in the water, which contributes to complicated Vortex-induced Vibration (VIV) phenomenon. In this paper, VIV of a flexible cylinder under two degree-of-freedoms (Dofs) excitations are mainly investigated. All simulations are carried out by the viv3D-FOAM-SJTU solver, which is developed based on the open-source code OpenFOAM and the thick strip model. During the simulations, the flexible cylinder is forced to sinusoidally oscillate following the approximate “8” shape of trajectory, while the cylinder is allowed to vibrate in both directions. Modal decomposition method and wavelet transformation method are used to get the dominant vibration features of the cylinder. Variations on vortex structures of the cylinder are analyzed through the three-dimensional visualization method.
Vibration evaluation of metro depot superstructure based on finite element method
Authors: Wu Weilin , Zhu Jianfeng
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the efficiency of using land resources and relieve the tension of urban land, the property covered by metro depot rapidly carries out planning and construction in many cities. However, train-induced vibration will propagate upward due to the soil-foundation dynamic interaction, which may affect the vibration comfort of the residents of the overlying property. In this paper, a metro depot superstructure of Foshan Metro was selected to study the environment vibration impact. Based on the finite element method to predict the building vibration. Thus, it lays a foundation for the prediction and evaluation of environmental vibration of metro depot with cover complex. The results found that the proposed model could simulate the vibration attenuation law caused by subway train well in time domain. Both vibration and structural radiated noise are within the standard limits, indicating that the vibration caused by train operation has little influence on buildings.
Research on fault diagnosis method of deep transfer learning driven by simulation data
Authors: Xiong Zicheng , Li Mengwei , Tang Yaohong , Xiao Shungen , Song Mengmeng
Published: June 2022

Sufficient labeled fault samples are the key to ensuring the performance of deep learning diagnostic models. However, in practical engineering applications, machinery and equipment operate normally most of the time, and it is difficult to collect enough fault data. In contrast, through the kinetics analysis method, simulation data sets of various fault types can be easily obtained. However, there is a difference in distribution between simulation data and real data. The deep learning diagnosis model trained directly with simulation data lacks versatility and cannot be applied to fault diagnosis of real data. To this end, this paper proposes a simulation data-driven deep transfer learning fault diagnosis method, which applies the fault diagnosis knowledge in the simulation data to the real data fault diagnosis task. The effectiveness of the method is verified by experiments on the two-stage planetary gearbox in the Drivetrain Diagnostics Simulator (DDS) test bench.
Performance evaluation and enhancement of composite cold recycled mixture based on vibration mixing
Authors: Jiang Wenpeng , Zhou Haonan , Chen Fei
Published: June 2022

Composite cold recycled mixture is commonly used in pavement regeneration. The performance of it, including the unconfined compressive strength, splitting strength, dry shrinkage, temperature shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance, are studied based on vibration mixing with different blending ratios of asphalt surface and cement-stabilized base. The results show that vibration mixing can effectively improve the mixing uniformity of the recycled mixture and increase the strength by up to 30 %. Besides, the change of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) admixture will affect the mechanical performance and road performance of the recycled mixture. When the admixture of RAP material is 30 %, the strength is the highest, and when the admixture is 40%, the dry shrinkage is the smallest. The temperature shrinkage coefficient decreases with the increase of RAP material admixture, and the freeze-thaw resistance is enhanced with the increase of RAP material admixture.
Design and accuracy test of equatorial moment of inertia test equipment for projectile and rocket
Authors: Wang Shukun , Mao Jinpeng , Li Junye , Sun Liwei , Zhao Weihong , Shang Chunmin
Published: June 2022

The moment of inertia is an important mass characteristic parameter. The precise measurement of the moment of inertia is a necessary step to study and control the flight orbit and attitude of missiles. To measure the equatorial moment of inertia of large projectiles, this paper uses the torsion pendulum method to measure the equatorial moment of inertia of large projectiles and deeply analyzes the measurement principle. The causes of measurement error are analyzed, and the measurement accuracy of the equipment is verified by experiments. The maximum relative error is less than 1 %, and the relative uncertainty is 1.3926 %, which meets the requirements of expected technical indicators.
Prognostic and Immunological Significance of Rhomboid Domain Containing
Protein 1 in Multiple Primary Cancers
Authors: Zhao Dongbing , Wang Tongbo , Zhang Xiaojie , Liu Wenjie , Sun Chongyuan , Li Zefeng
Published: June 2022

Background:

RHBDD1 is an intramembrane serine protease of the rhomboid superfamily
that regulates diverse physiological and pathological processes. However, the relationship between
RHBDD1 expression, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), and cancer prognosis remains
unclear.

Objective:

We comprehensively analyzed the prognostic and immunological significance of
RHBDD1 in multiple primary cancers.

Methods:

RHBDD1 expression was investigated using Oncomine, TIMER, and UALCAN databases,
after which the clinical prognostic value of RHBDD1 was assessed with online public databases.
In addition, we explored the correlation between RHBDD1 and TIICs by TIMER and GEPIA
and investigated the relationship between RHBDD1 expression and chemokines in cancers by
TIMER.

Results:

In general, compared to that in adjacent normal tissue, lower expression of RHBDD1 was
found in various cancers and was correlated to pathological stages. Although RHBDD1 showed a
protective effect on multiple solid tumors, a high expression level of RHBDD1 was detrimental to
the survival of stomach adenocarcinoma patients. RHBDD1 was positively correlated to immune
infiltration levels in various cancers, including lung, breast, ovarian, and gastric cancer. Furthermore,
gene markers of TIICs, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells
(DCs), and regulatory T cells, were also correlated to RHBDD1 expression. In addition, the
RHBDD1 expression level was positively correlated to multiple chemokines in cancers, which
could recruit diverse immune cells at the tumor site.

Conclusions:

RHBDD1, which correlates with immune infiltration, can be used as a potential
prognostic biomarker in multiple primary cancers. Specifically, RHBDD1 expression potentially
contributes to the recruitment of TAMs and DCs and the regulation of T cell functions in cancers.
Chitosan: Applications in Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pandey Ramendra Pati , Kumar Suresh , Dhiman Ruby , Prudencio Carlos R. , da Costa Antonio Charlys , Vibhuti Arpana , Leal Elcio , Chang Chung-Ming , Raj Vethakkani Samuel
Published: June 2022

Chitin and chitosan have unique structures with significant functional groups carrying useful chemical capabilities. Chitin and chitosan are acknowledged as novel biomaterials with advantageous biocompatibility and biodegradability. Chitosan is a polysaccharide that is made from chitin. There have been several attempts to employ this biopolymer in the biomedical area. This material's application in the production of artificial skin, drug targeting, and other areas is explored. The most prevalent strategies for recovering chitin from sea organisms are described and various pharmacological and biological uses are discussed. This review article targets drug delivery with the help of chitosan derived nanomaterial. The drug delivery system applications through nonmaterial have encountered a considerable role in the pharmaceutical, medical, biological, and other sectors in recent years. Nanomaterials have advanced applications as novel drug delivery systems in many fields, especially in industry, biology, and medicine. In the biomedical and pharmaceutical arena, the natural polymer-based nanoparticulate method has now been widely studied as particulate vehicles. By mixing alginate with other biopolymers, by immobilizing specific molecules such as sugar molecules and peptides by chemical or physical cross-linking, different properties and structures such as biodegradability, gelling properties, mechanical strength, and cell affinity can be obtained. Owing to their inherent ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules, increase stability, decrease toxicity, and enhance commonly formulated medications, these particles are now widely used in imaging and molecular diagnostics, cosmetics, household chemicals, sunscreens, radiation safety, and novel drug delivery.
Localized Nano-mediated Interleukin-12 Gene Therapy: Promising
Candidate for Cancer Immunotherapeutics
Authors: Singh Moganavelli , Venkatas Jeaneen
Published: June 2022

Background:

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has a pleiotropic nature that allows it to induce immune
responses while reversing tumour-induced immunosuppression. Therefore, this paper discusses the application
and potential of IL-12 as an antitumor immunotherapeutic agent, emphasizing its advantages
and limitations and the need for and the development of localized IL-12 nano-delivery strategies in cancer
immunotherapy.

Methods:

Several databases from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information, WorldCat.org and
the National Library of Medicine were searched for peer-reviewed studies to assess the potential of localized
nano-mediated interleukin-12 gene therapy for cancer treatment.

Results:

The literature search showed that IL-12 is a promising cancer immunotherapeutic agent.
However, the systemic delivery of IL-12 was compromised by severe dose-limiting side effects, prompting
the need for localized gene therapy to express the interleukin within the tumour microenvironment
while minimizing systematic exposure. Although viral and non-viral gene therapy have demonstrated
some efficacy in preclinical trials, the era of nanomedicine has opened novel avenues to improve therapeutic
indices with minimal side effects. IL-12 activity can be further potentiated with other anticancer
molecules that display immunostimulatory, autoantigenic and cytotoxic properties. Combination therapy
has gained significant interest in the last decade as it increases gene therapy's therapeutic properties by
decreasing the threshold for IL-12 efficacy and preventing systematic toxicity.

Conclusion:

The findings of this article will provide researchers with the knowledge to create immunotherapeutic
nanovectors which work synergistically with their therapeutic payload to enhance the therapeutic
effect of the IL-12 gene to eliminate cancer cells.
BHTCM Protects Müller Cells from Diabetic Retinopathy by Reducing
Abnormal Changes of Kir4.1 and AQP4, Suppressing VEGF and IL-1β,
and Enhancing PEDF Production
Authors: Wu Haiyan , Xie Xuejun , Yang Jie , Qin Xuewei , Mo Ya , Wan Li , Zhang Mei
Published: June 2022

Background:

In the diabetic condition, damage to the Müller cells contributes to the pathogenesis
of diabetic retinopathy.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Bushen Huoxue, Traditional Chinese Medicine
(BHTCM), on Müller in diabetic retinopathological conditions.

Methods:

Primary rat retinal Müller cells (RRMC) were isolated and cultured under high glucose (50
nmol/L). The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and sodium dithionite were applied to treat highglucose
administrated RRMC to mimic diabetic retinopathological conditions. The effects of BHTCM on
diabetic retinopathological RRMC were evaluated. The expressions of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and Kir4.1
were determined by double-labeling immunofluorescence and ELISA. Levels of vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were examined
with ELISA. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was also evaluated.

Results:

Retinal Müller cells were successfully isolated and identified. RRMC treated with AGEs and
sodium dithionite resulted in the increase of AQP4 and decrease of Kir4.1 in RRMC, increase of VEGF
and IL-1β secretion, increase of LDH activity, decrease of PEDF secretion in culture medium, all of
which, in a dose-dependent or time-dependent manner. Post treating RRMC with AGEs and dithionite,
BHTCM reversed changes in expression of AQP4 and Kir4.1 in RRMC, and reversed VEGF levels,
PEDF and IL-1β secretion in the culture medium. Moreover, BHTCM reversed the decrease of RRMC
cell membrane integrity after AGEs and dithionite treatment.

Conclusions:

BHTCM protected Müller cells from diabetic damage by reducing abnormal changes of
Kir4.1 and AQP4, inhibiting VEGF and IL-1β, increasing PEDF production, and maintaining cell membrane
integrity. Therefore, BHTCM is a potential drug for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, which
can correct the function of Müller cells.
Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide,
the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines
Authors: Alwan Ahmed Mohammed , Afshari Jalil Tavakol
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications.
Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells.

Objective:

In this study, the role of rhodanese (RH) enzyme against the cyanide of amygdalin has been
investigated in human and mouse cell lines in vitro.

MethodS:

We analyzed the cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, and gene expression
alterations resulting from treatment with AMG and AMG combined with RH (AMG-RH) in mouse fibroblasts
(L929) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cell lines.

ResultS:

The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml and
80.82±2.13 mg/ml at 72 h in both cell lines. Cell viability of both cell lines was significantly decreased
after AMG treatment; however, it increased following treatment with AMG-RH for 24, 48, and 72 h.
Morphological changes were observed in both cell lines after AMG treatment for 72 h. AMG-RH combination
did not cause any significant morphological alterations in either cell line.

Conclusion:

The apoptosis rates were increased in both cell lines treated with AMG and decreased in
AMG-RH treatment for 72 h. BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, and TST genes were upregulated after treatment with
AMG for 72 h in both cell lines. BCL-2 and TST genes were upregulated, while BAX and CASP3 were
downregulated after treatment with AMG-RH for 72 h. The findings of this study indicate the IC50 dose of
AMG could cause cytotoxicity in HDF and L929 cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the RH enzyme
could decrease AMG cytotoxicity and might have a protective role against AMG.
Den skandinaviske udvandringsroman – En selvstændig genre?
Authors: Van de Maele Romain John
Published: June 2022

The Scandinavian Emigration Novel 
From about 1850 onward to the early nineteen hundred and thirties, millions of Europeans have emigrated to North America. Over two million of these emigrants were Scandinavians who tried to realize their dreams of freedom and economic progress at the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. They did not always realize that adapting to the American reality often implied sacrifices and hardship. The emigration from Norway and Sweden was far greater than the Danish exodus, and both Norwegian and Swedish historiographers and novelists have depicted the impressive adventures of their countrymen. Danish authors have been more reluctant to venture into the depiction of their countrymen's exodus. 
Emigration novels have been a distinct area of interest in Norwegian literary research. In Sweden, especially Vilhelm Moberg’s emigration tetralogy has been studied by scholars and compared with the historical facts. Notwithstanding the abundant secondary literature, with the exception of Sophus Keith Winter, in his essay on Moberg’s emigration novels (1962), Kjetil A. Flatin in the article ‘Historical novel – emigrant novel’ (1977), and Ingeborg Kongslien in her comparative approach Draumen om fridom og jord (1989), no researcher has attempted to define emigration literature as a genre. 
In this article, I will try to define the emigration novel as a Scandinavian genre by using a model which combines A. J. Greimar’s actantial model or narrative scheme with the American literary scholar W.Q. Boelhower's insights in American immigrant literature (Boelhover, 1981). A combination of the actantial model and copular clauses or taxonomic links helps to describe the history of the emigration novel. Furthermore, it makes it possible to link emigrant fiction to historiographic literature. In this way, the push and pull factors often mentioned in the historical emigrant literature can be compared with individual emigration experiences.
Herramientas para mejorar la producción y calidad de la leche en el trópico alto colombiano
Authors: Lerma Lasso Jose Libardo , Hernández Oviedo Filadelfo , Portillo López Paola Andrea , Arana Chico Henry Camilo , Cadena Pastrana Álvaro Mauricio , Castro Rincón Edwin
Published: June 2022

Esta cartilla presenta diferentes ofertas tecnológicas, servicios de laboratorio y sistemas de información destinados a mejorar la competitividad y sostenibilidad de los sistemas ganaderos de lechería especializada en Colombia. En las ofertas tecnológicas encontrará la descripción de la nueva variedad de avena forrajera Altoandina, cuyos atributos productivos permiten el incremento de la producción de leche en los sistemas ganaderos de trópico alto, así como del probiótico Rumitec®, elaborado a base de bacterias anaerobias ruminales para la alimentación eficaz de terneras y terneros en etapa de iniciación. De otra parte, en los servicios de laboratorio podrá seguir el paso a paso para acceder a los servicios de fertilidad de suelos y calidad composicional e higiénica de leche cruda. Por último, en los sistemas de información se dan a conocer las plataformas AlimenTro y DieTro.
Evaluation of Web-Based Health Information From the Perspective of Women With Eating Disorders: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Drtilova Hana , Machackova Hana , Smahelova Martina
Published: June 2022

Background

Users with experience of eating disorders use the internet as a source of information, whether for prorecovery activities (such as web-based treatment, looking for information, support, and sharing) or activities that promote eating disorder behavior as a desirable lifestyle choice (such as pro–eating disorder communities and reading and creating pro–eating disorder posts). Their assessment of web-based eating disorder–related information is crucial for understanding the context of the illness and for health professionals and their web-based interventions.

Objective

This study aimed to understand the criteria young women with the experience of eating disorders use in evaluating eating disorder–related web-based information and what eating disorder–related characteristics of these women are involved in their evaluation.

Methods

We analyzed 30 semistructured individual interviews with Czech women aged 16 to 28 years with past or present eating disorder experience using a qualitative approach. Thematic analysis was adopted as an analytical tool.

Results

The specifics of eating disorder phases (the disorder stage and the treatment process) emerged as important aspects in the process of information assessment. Other specific characteristics of respondents (eg, motivation, abilities, and resources) addressed how the respondents arrived at certain web-based information and how they evaluated it. In addition, the respondents described some content cues as features of information (eg, novelty and social information pooling). Another finding is that other users’ attitudes, experiences, activities, and personal features are involved in the information evaluation of these users and the information presented by them. Finally, the respondents evaluated the websites’ visual look and graphic components.

Conclusions

This study shows that web-based information evaluation reported by women with experience of eating disorders is a complex process. The assessment is influenced by current personal characteristics related to the illness (mainly the motivation for maintaining or curing the eating disorder) using cues associated with information content, other users, and website look. The study findings have important implications for health professionals, who should ask their clients questions about web-based communities and their needs to understand what information and sources they choose.