bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
External quality assurance schemes (EQUASs) and interlaboratory comparison investigations (ICIs) for the human biomonitoring of aromatic amines in urine as part of the quality assurance programme under HBM4EU
Authors: Nübler Stefanie , Burkhardt Therese , Schäfer Moritz , Müller Johannes , Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi Karin , Pluym Nikola , Scherer Max , Scherer Gerhard , Esteban-López Marta , Castaño Argelia , Mol Hans G. J. , Koch Holger M. , Antignac Jean-Philippe , Hajslova Jana , Vorkamp Katrin , Göen Thomas
Published: November 2024

Aromatic amines were among the selected chemicals in the HBM4EU project. This paper presents the results of the QA/QC programme (with ICI and EQUAS) to ensure analytical comparability and accuracy of the participating laboratories.
A novel approach to the extraction and analysis of dioxins and furans sampled onto Amberlite XAD-2 sorbent
Authors: Cromhout Reinardt , Focant Jean-François , Forbes Patricia
Published: November 2024

An alternative approach to enable delivery of quality, fast, and cost-effective analysis of gaseous PCDD/Fs sampled onto Amberlite XAD-2 sorbent in a developing country context.
Anthracene-based covalent organic framework supported palladium nanoparticles for visible-light-mediated Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling
Authors: Li Lei , Shan Qiujie , Zang Jiyuan , Yu Lei , Young David J. , Ren Zhi-Gang , Li Hong-Xi
Published: November 2024

Anthracene-based covalent organic framework (COF) anchoring Pd nanoparticles photocatalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of arylbromides and arylboronic acids in water under blue LED irradiation at room temperature.
Salt dissociation and localized high-concentration solvation at the interface of a fluorinated gel and polymer solid electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Dechao , Liu Yuxuan , Li Dedi , Li Shimei , Xiong Qi , Huang Zhaodong , Wang Shixun , Hong Hu , Zhu Jiaxiong , Lv Haiming , Zhi Chunyi
Published: November 2024

The interfaces between fluorinated gel solid electrolyte (FG-SE) and PVHF-SPE form fast ion transport pathways with high lithium salt dissociation and a local high-concentration (LHC) solvation structure.
Suppressed surface lattice vacancies and distortion through lattice anchoring for efficient FAPbI3 perovskite quantum dot solar cells
Authors: Zhang Mingxu , Mei Xinyi , Wang Guoliang , Qiu Junming , Sun Zhimei , Zhang Xiaoliang
Published: November 2024

A facile surface lattice anchoring strategy is reported to stabilize the surface lattice of perovskite quantum dots, which could substantially improve their optoelectronic properties and crystal stabilities for application in solar cells.
Evolving mineralogy and reactivity of hematite-coated sands during reduction of 4-chloronitrobenzene by Fe(ii) in flow-through reactors
Authors: Harris Celina M. , Soroush Adel , Hildebrandt Alanna M. , Amen Kamilah Y. , Corcoran Louis G. , Feinberg Joshua M. , Arnold William A. , Penn R. Lee
Published: November 2024

Reaction of a model nitroaromatic pollutant with hematite-coated sand in column reactors leads to growth of goethite and evolving reactivity due to changes in accessible surface area.
Unveiling the intrinsic electrochemical mechanism of supporting electrolyte and the interaction mechanism in electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline with nano-PbO2
Authors: Wang Yaxuan , Cen Peitong , Wang Hongyu , Li Chenxi , Xia Ziyin , Wu Guoqing , Li Meng , Huang Lei , Yan Jia , Zhou Shaoqi , Mo Ce-Hui , Zhang Hongguo
Published: November 2024

This paper studies the intrinsic electrochemical mechanisms of supporting electrolytes and their interaction with nano-PbO2 during the electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline, providing insights into their role in enhancing degradation efficiency.
A high-resolution 3D radiochromic hydrogel photonic crystal dosimeter for clinical radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Chen Xianmei , Wang Tingting , Tang Mingshuo , He Zhiwei , Wang Yunlong , Ma Jun
Published: November 2024

A photonic crystal dosimeter whose color changes from red to blue with an increase of absorbed dose is studied. The ability to detect the 3D distribution of the radiation field demonstrates its potential for radiotherapy dose verification.
Framing emission gain layers for perovskite light-emitting diodes using polycaprolactone-silver nanoparticles featuring Förster resonance energy transfer and Purcell effects
Authors: Yan Zhen-Li , Wu Guan-De , Chueh Chu-Chen , Huang Ying-Chi , Lin Bi-Hsuan , Tsai Jia-Hau , Chen Mei-Hsin , Tseng Zong-Liang , Zhou Ye , Jeng Ru-Jong , Kuo Chi-Ching
Published: November 2024

This study presents a novel emission gain layer with silver nanoparticles stabilized by polycaprolactone, enhancing Förster resonance energy transfer, Purcell effects, and PeLED performance, leading to higher luminance, EQE, and emission purity.
Substrate softness increases magnetic microdiscs-induced cytotoxicity
Authors: Visonà Andrea , Cavalaglio Sébastien , Labau Sébastien , Soulan Sébastien , Joisten Hélène , Berger François , Dieny Bernard , Morel Robert , Nicolas Alice
Published: November 2024

Cells grown on soft substrates take up more nanoparticles and exhibit a higher susceptibility to them at similar particle load.
Electrical transport phenomena in two-dimensional metallic 2H-NbSe2: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Kim Jeongmin , Youn Seonhye , Lee Damin , Kim Chan Woong , Moon Hongjae , Chung Seok-Hwan , Kim Hoyoung , Kim Dong Hwan , Kim Sumin , Roh Jong Wook , Bang Joonho , Lee Wooyoung
Published: November 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted extensive interest in various fields owing to their unique electronic properties.
Constructing a nickel complex/crystalline carbon nitride hybrid with a built-in electric field for boosting CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Li Yanrui , Wang Linda , Li Bozhan , Zhang Liangqing , Zhu Xiaolin , Gao Xiang
Published: November 2024

A well-designed CCN/Ni hybrid was constructed with a built-in electric field, accelerating photogenerated charge separation and migration as well as exhibiting improved CO2 photoreduction performance.
Pentagonal-bipyramidal dysprosium(iii) complexes with two apical phosphine oxide ligands and equatorial pentadentate N3O2 Schiff-base ligands: breakdown of the apical magnetic axiality by a strong equatorial crystal field
Authors: Bazhenova Tamara A. , Kopotkov Vyacheslav A. , Korchagin Denis V. , Yureva Elena A. , Zhidkov Mikhail V. , Dmitriev Alexei I. , Yakushev Ilya A. , Efimov Nikolay N. , Babeshkin Konstantin A. , Mironov Vladimir S. , Yagubskii Eduard B.
Published: November 2024

Pentagonal-bipyramidal Dy(iii) complexes with rigid equatorial pentadentate N3O2 Schiff-base ligands exhibit breakdown of the apical magnetic axiality due to a strong equatorial crystal field resulting in low single-molecule magnet performance.
Modular dehydrogenative cross-nucleophile coupling for direct construction of tetrasubstituted carbons
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Qiang , Wang Meng , Wang Liang , Xu Lubin , Liu Xiong-Li , Hu Fangzhi , Li Shuai-Shuai
Published: November 2024

An FeCl3-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction for the construction of various types of C–Y (Y = C, N, O, S) bonds with air as a green oxidant.
Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of N-substituted 3-acylpyrroles from enaminones and vinylene carbonate
Authors: Ma Jian-Bo , Yin Yi-Mai , Hu Xing-Mei , Shao Bi-Na , Huang Kun , Zhao Qing-Sheng , Yan Sheng-Jiao
Published: November 2024

We developed a cascade C–H activation/[3 + 2] annulation for enaminones and vinylene carbonate, employing the catalyst [Cp*RhCl2]2 and oxidants. This reaction allows for the efficient synthesis of 3-carbonylpyrroles.
Convergent synthetic approaches to polycyclic aromatic dicarboximides
Authors: Shoyama Kazutaka , Würthner Frank
Published: November 2024

Polycyclic aromatic dicarboximides (PADIs) as represented by naphthalene and perylene bis(dicarboximide) are useful molecules for a variety of functional materials and remain important synthetic targets for organic chemists.
Applications and interventions of polymers and nanomaterials in alveolar bone regeneration and tooth dentistry
Authors: Sharma Prashish , Saurav Sushmita , Tabassum Zeba , Sood Bhawana , Kumar Anil , Malik Tabarak , Mohan Anand , Girdhar Madhuri
Published: November 2024

Inflammatory diseases exert a significant influence on the periodontium, serving as a primary contributor to the development of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss.
Exploring heterocyclic scaffolds in carbonic anhydrase inhibition: a decade of structural and therapeutic insights
Authors: Naeem Nafeesa , Sadiq Amina , Othman Gehan Ahmed , Yassin Habab M. , Mughal Ehsan Ullah
Published: November 2024

Heterocyclic compounds represent a prominent class of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities.
In silico molecular docking and ADMET prediction of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles: characterization, and in vitro antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity
Authors: Akhter Hajara , Ritu Susmita Sarker , Siddique Shahariar , Chowdhury Fariha , Chowdhury Rehnuma Tasmiyah , Akhter Samina , Hakim Mahmuda
Published: November 2024

A facile green route to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles using watermelon rind extract with antimicrobial and photocatalytic potential.
Developing Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite with controlled particle size and morphology through optimized processing conditions of low energy solid state reaction
Authors: Baayyad Sarah , Semlali Fatima-Zahra , Hlil El Kébir , Mahfoud Tarik , El Moussaoui Hassan , El Achaby Mounir
Published: November 2024

Soft magnetic materials, like Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4, require high temperatures and regulated environments for their manufacture and processing, which can be highly energy intensive.
Sequence-dependent conformational transitions of disordered proteins during condensation
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Sundaravadivelu Devarajan Dinesh , Muthukumar Keerthivasan , Kim Young C. , Nikoubashman Arash , Mittal Jeetain
Published: November 2024

This study uncovers the conformational transitions of intrinsically disordered proteins, lacking secondary structure, during phase separation and underscores the varying sequence dependence of conformations across different phases.
Rapid, potent, and persistent covalent chemical probes to deconvolute PI3Kα signaling
Authors: Bissegger Lukas , Constantin Theodora A. , Keles Erhan , Raguž Luka , Barlow-Busch Isobel , Orbegozo Clara , Schaefer Thorsten , Borlandelli Valentina , Bohnacker Thomas , Sriramaratnam Rohitha , Schäfer Alexander , Gstaiger Matthias , Burke John E. , Borsari Chiara , Wymann Matthias P.
Published: November 2024

Optimised covalent PI3Kα chemical probes designed for rapid cellular diffusion enable efficient and sustained target engagement, providing a clearer view of cancer cell signaling networks.
Discovery of penicillic acid as a chemical probe against tau aggregation in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Shyong Jennifer , Wang Jinliang , Huynh Quoc-Dung Tran , Fayzullina Marina , Yuan Bo , Lee Ching-Kuo , Minehan Thomas , Seidler Paul M. , Wang Clay C. C.
Published: November 2024

A genetically modified fungal strain generated a natural product library used to conduct various activity screens for Alzheimer's disease tau aggregation. The hit compound, penicillic acid, was optimized for the development of analogs.
Photoactivated hydride therapy under hypoxia beyond ROS
Authors: Wang Xia , Gao Yijian , Wang Ting , Wang Zhaobin , Hang He , Li Shengliang , Feng Fude
Published: November 2024

NADH-dependent photoactivation of pyridinium-modified zinc porphyrin in cancer cells into zinc phlorin with strong hydride donating capability leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, paving a way for reductive phototherapy beyond ROS under hypoxia.
Kinetic study of catalytic formic acid dehydrogenation by in situ UV-vis spectroscopy
Authors: Ono Seo , Li Risheng , Suzuki Chieko , Yamamoto Akira , Yoshida Hisao , Kawanami Hajime , Kanega Ryoichi
Published: November 2024

We developed an in situ UV-vis spectroscopy method to study formic acid dehydrogenation kinetics. This method revealed hydride formation and H2 evolution rates, highlighting the need to enhance both steps to improve catalyst activity.
Recent advances in non-noble metal catalysts toward N-ethylcarbazole hydrogen storage
Authors: Wu Hansai , Zhang Junming , Wang Zicong , Kong Xianglong , Li Gaofu , Zhao Ying , Yang Piaoping , Liu Zhiliang
Published: November 2024

This paper summarizes NEC non-noble metal hydrogenation catalysts' latest research, covering synthesis, structural features, hydrogen storage performance and development prospect. The aim is to boost non-noble metal catalyst research and application.
Advancing paper-based sensors with MXenes and MOFs: exploring cutting-edge innovations
Authors: Larijani Sepehr , Zarepour Atefeh , Khosravi Arezoo , Iravani Siavash , Eskandari Mahnaz , Zarrabi Ali
Published: November 2024

Recent advancements pertaining to the applications of MXenes and MOFs in paper-based sensors are discussed, focusing on challenges and future perspectives.
Water activity: the key to unlocking high-voltage aqueous electrolytes?
Authors: Zhigalenok Yaroslav , Abdimomyn Saken , Levi Mikhael , Shpigel Netanel , Ryabicheva Margarita , Lepikhin Maxim , Galeyeva Alina , Malchik Fyodor
Published: November 2024

Reduced water activity in aqueous electrolytes affects oxygen evolution kinetics, expanding electrochemical stability via increased overpotential, but with conductivity and viscosity trade-offs in high-voltage aqueous electrolytes.
PEO/cysteine composite nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerators for harvesting tiny mechanical energy
Authors: Hao Yijun , Yang Jiayi , Zhu Xiaopeng , Hong Keke , Su Jiayu , Qin Yong , Su Wei , Zhang Hongke , Zhang Chuguo , Li Xiuhan
Published: November 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising method for capturing mechanical energy.
Synergetic effects from a high-entropy NASICON-type cathode for advanced sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Shouyue , Xu Taiding , Leng Huitao , Liang Shengyu , Zhang Wei , Jin Yuheng , Qiu Jingxia , Li Sheng
Published: November 2024

This study presents a high-entropy NASICON-type cathode, Na3V1.5(CrMnFeMgAl)0.5(PO4)3@C, which enhances electronic and ionic conductivity as well as structural stability for sodium-ion batteries.
Electrochemical PET recycling to formate through ethylene glycol oxidation on Ni–Co–S nanosheet arrays
Authors: Ma Yi , Li Luming , Tang Jialing , Hu Zongkun , Zhang Yong , Ge Huan , Jian Ning , Zhao Jun , Cabot Andreu , Li Junshan
Published: November 2024

Green upcycling of PET plastics via EG oxidation to formate is achieved using layered Ni–Co9S8 nanosheet arrays on nickel foam, with Faraday efficiencies over 90%.
Dual-functional PCN-242 (Fe2Co) MOF for sensitive bacterial endotoxin detection
Authors: Kulandaivel Sivasankar , Lu Yung-Kang , Lin Chia-Her , Yeh Yi-Chun
Published: November 2024

This work introduces a novel bimetallic MOF with superior endotoxin detection and enhanced catalytic activity for broader diagnostic applications.
NIR emissive probe for fluorescence turn-on based dead cell sorting and in vivo viscosity mapping in C. elegans
Authors: Sapkal Goraksha T. , Anjum Farhan , Salam Abdul , Mukherjee Bodhidipra , Chandra Shilpa , Bala Purabi , Garg Richa , Sharma Shagun , Kaushik Kush , Nandi Chayan Kanti
Published: November 2024

An NIR emissive probe plays a pivotal role for in vitro and in vivo dead cell sorting.
Large magnetic anisotropy and a rotating cryomagnetocaloric effect in single-crystalline paramagnetic lanthanide calcium oxyborates LnCa4O(BO3)3 with Ln = Pr, Nd, Gd, Er, and Tm
Authors: Azrour Fatiha , Viennois Romain , Long Jérôme , Reibel Corine , Debray Jérôme , Yu Fapeng , Zhang Shujun , Beaudhuin Mickaël , Rouquette Jérôme
Published: November 2024

Lanthanide calcium oxyborate LnCa4O(BO3)3 compounds exhibit strong magnetic anisotropy and large rotating magnetocaloric effects, highlighting their potential for low-temperature magnetic cooling applications.
Solution-processed LiGdO solid electrolyte for an In2O3 synaptic transistor and its application in neuromorphic computing
Authors: Du Yixiao , Xiao Wenlan , Miao Guangtan , Yin Zezhong , Ci Ranran , Liu Guoxia , Shan Fukai
Published: November 2024

An In2O3 synaptic transistor based on lithium doped Gd2O3 (LiGdO) solid electrolyte was fabricated by a solution process, its basic synaptic functions were realized and its application in neuromorphic computing was demonstrated.
Robust dihydroxyacetone production via photoelectrochemical glycerol oxidation using an oxygen vacant BiVO4 photoanode
Authors: Lee Yeji , Jo Yeseul , Jang Youn Jeong
Published: November 2024

Oxygen vacant BiVO4 was proposed for robust dihydroxyacetone production via photoelectrochemical glycerol oxidation and furthermore, the fundamental origin for the advance was systematically elucidated.
High-performance solar-blind imaging photodetectors based on micrometer-thick β-Ga2O3 films grown by thermal oxidation of gallium
Authors: Zhou Haitao , Wang Hongbin , Ma Jiangang , Li Bingsheng , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun
Published: November 2024

A preparation method for micrometer-sized β-Ga2O3 films was developed. The MSM device has a responsivity greater than 1.7 A W−1 and has good solar-blind ultraviolet imaging performance.
Highly efficient, ultra-stable multi-interlayer luminescent solar concentrators based on green and red-emitting perovskite nanocrystal composites
Authors: Li Changwen , Gao Yuxin , Ren Zhiqiang , Xiong Shoujun , Li Changwei , Wu Jun , Li Jinhua , Wang Xianbao , Wang Jianying
Published: November 2024

The green-emitting Zn2+-doped Zn-CsPbBr3@SiO2 and red-emitting Zn-CsPbBrI2@SiO2 composites (denoted as ZB and ZBI) are synthesized for the development of highly efficient and ultra-stable luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs).
Oxide Lu2TeO6 single crystals for X-ray detection with an ultralow detection limit
Authors: Cao Tingting , Guo Feifei , Hu Fuai , Tao Xutang , Gao Zeliang
Published: November 2024

Semiconductor-based X-ray detectors have become critical in medical diagnosis, industrial inspections, and scientific research.
Atmospheric mercury concentration variations at Syowa Station, Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica and contributing factors
Authors: Nakazawa Koyomi , Nagafuchi Osamu , Mitsui Akihiro , Watanabe Tomoaki , Hishida Naoko , Tsujimoto Megumu , Imura Satoshi
Published: November 2024

In January 2022, gaseous elemental Hg (GEM) concentrations were continuously monitored at Syowa Station on East Ongul Island, located ∼4 km from the continent on the eastern coast of Lützow-Holm Bay in the Antarctic region.
An automatic detection method for cervical liquid‐based cells based on improved Yolov5s network
Authors: Xudong Shen , Zhihua Wu , Yebo Tao , Xianglian Wu , Linfei Chen
Published: November 2024

To address the significant challenges of high false positive and false negative rates in existing algorithms for detecting cervical fluid‐based cells, an enhanced Yolov5s network is introduced. This paper details a novel approach that dynamically adjusts the weights of channels and the spatial attention in modules, substantially improving feature extraction from small objects and boosting the detection capabilities of the network. Furthermore, Mixup data augmentation technology is incorporated to counter the issue of imbalanced data categories in the custom dataset. The Complete Intersection over Union loss function is also employed to refine coordinate localization accuracy during training. Tested on the proprietary cervical cytology dataset, the modified Yolov5s achieves a mean Average Precision of 92.1%, surpassing the previous state‐of‐the‐art by 5.6%. This enhancement substantiates the efficacy of the proposed model. Code and models are accessible at https://github.com/youyi888/yolov5_CPCA.
SN 2019odp – A massive oxygen-rich Type Ib supernova
Authors: Schweyer T. , Sollerman J. , Jerkstrand A. , Ergon M. , Chen T.-W. , Omand C. M. B. , Schulze S. , Coughlin M. W. , Andreoni I. , Fremling C. , Rau A. , Sharma Y. , Strotjohann N. L. , Yan L. , Graham M. J. , Kasliwal M. M. , Laher R. R. , Purdum J. , Rosnet P. , Rusholme B. , Smith R.
Published: November 2024

Aims. Stripped envelope (SE) supernovae are explosions of stars that have somehow lost most of their outer envelopes. We present the discovery and analyse the observations of the Type Ib supernova 2019odp (a.k.a. ZTF19abqwtfu) covering epochs within days of the explosion to late nebular phases at 360 d post-explosion.

Methods. Our observations include an extensive set of photometric observations and low- to medium-resolution spectroscopic observations, both covering the complete observable time range. We analysed the data using analytic models for the recombination cooling emission of the early excess emission and the diffusion of the peak light curve. We expanded on existing methods to derive oxygen mass estimates from nebular phase spectroscopy, and briefly discuss progenitor models based on this analysis.

Results. Our spectroscopic observations confirm the presence of He in the supernova ejecta and we thus (re)classify SN 2019odp as a Type Ib supernova. From the pseudo-bolometric light curve, we estimate a high ejecta mass of Mej ∼ 4 − 7 M⊙. The high ejecta mass, large nebular [O I]/[Ca II] line flux ratio (1.2 − 1.9), and an oxygen mass above ⪆0.5 M⊙ point towards a progenitor with a pre-explosion mass higher than 18 M⊙. Whereas a majority of analysed SE supernovae in the literature seem to have low ejecta masses, indicating stripping in a binary star system, SN 2019odp instead has parameters that are consistent with an origin in a single massive star. The compact nature of the progenitor (≲10 R⊙) suggests that a Wolf-Rayet star is the progenitor.
Spectra of solar shallow-water waves from bright point observations
Authors: Raphaldini B. , Dikpati M. , McIntosh S. , Teruya A. S. W.
Published: November 2024

Context. Rossby waves, large-scale meandering patterns drifting in longitude, detected in the Sun, were recently shown to a play a crucial role in understanding “seasons” of space weather. Unlike Earth’s purely classical atmospheric Rossby waves, the solar counterparts are strongly magnetized and most likely originate in the tachocline. Because of their deeper origin, detecting these magnetized Rossby waves is a challenging task that relies on careful observations of long-lived longitudinally drifting magnetic patterns at the surface and above.

Aims. Here, we have utilized 3 years of global, synchronous observations of coronal bright point densities to obtain empirical signatures of dispersion relations that can be attributed to the simulated waves in the tachocline. By tracking the bright point densities at selected latitudes, we computed their wave-number × frequency spectra.

Methods. Wave-number × frequency spectra were computed utilizing the Wheeler-Kiladis method. This method has been extensively used in the identification of equatorial waves in Earth’s atmosphere by highlighting spectral peaks in the wave-number × frequency space.

Results. Our results are compatible with the predictions of magneto-Rossby waves with typical periods of several months and inertio-gravity waves with typical periods of a few weeks, depending on the background magnetic field’s strength and stratification at the convection zone base. Our analysis suggests that magnetized Rossby waves originate from the tachocline toroidal field of ≲15 kG. Global observations of bright points over extended periods will allow us to better constrain the stratification and magnetic field strength in the tachocline.
AT 2021hdr: A candidate tidal disruption of a gas cloud by a binary super massive black hole system
Authors: Hernández-García L. , Muñoz-Arancibia A. M. , Lira P. , Bruni G. , Cuadra J. , Arévalo P. , Sánchez-Sáez P. , Bernal S. , Bauer F. E. , Catelan M. , Panessa F. , Pávez-Herrera M. , Ricci C. , Reyes-Jainaga I. , Ailawadhi B. , Chavushyan V. , Dastidar R. , Deconto-Machado A. , Förster F. , Gangopadhyay A. , García-Pérez A. , Márquez I. , Masegosa J. , Misra K. , Patiño-Alvarez V. M , Puig-Subirà M. , Rodi J. , Singh M.
Published: November 2024

With a growing number of facilities able to monitor the entire sky and produce light curves with a cadence of days, in recent years there has been an increased rate of detection of sources whose variability deviates from standard behavior, revealing a variety of exotic nuclear transients. The aim of the present study is to disentangle the nature of the transient AT 2021hdr, whose optical light curve used to be consistent with a classic Seyfert 1 nucleus, which was also confirmed by its optical spectrum and high-energy properties. From late 2021, AT 2021hdr started to present sudden brightening episodes in the form of oscillating peaks in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream, and the same shape is observed in X-rays and UV from Swift data. The oscillations occur every ∼60–90 days with amplitudes of ∼0.2 mag in the g and r bands. Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations show no radio emission at milliarcseconds scale. It is argued that these findings are inconsistent with a standard tidal disruption event (TDE), a binary supermassive black hole (BSMBH), or a changing-look active galactic nucleus (AGN); neither does this object resemble previous observed AGN flares, and disk or jet instabilities are an unlikely scenario. Here, we propose that the behavior of AT 2021hdr might be due to the tidal disruption of a gas cloud by a BSMBH. In this scenario, we estimate that the putative binary has a separation of ∼0.83 mpc and would merge in ∼7 × 104 years. This galaxy is located at 9 kpc from a companion galaxy, and in this work we report this merger for the first time. The oscillations are not related to the companion galaxy.
New stellar age estimates using SPInS based on Gaia DR3 photometry and LAMOST DR8 abundances
Authors: Casamiquela L. , Reese D. R. , Lebreton Y. , Haywood M. , Di Matteo P. , Anders F. , Jash R. , Katz D. , Cerqui V. , Boin T. , Kordopatis G.
Published: November 2024

Context. Reliable stellar age estimates are fundamental for testing several problems in modern astrophysics, in particular since they set the timescales of Galactic dynamical and chemical evolution.

Aims. In this study, we determine ages using only Gaia DR3 photometry and parallaxes, in combination with interstellar extinction maps, and spectroscopic metallicities and α abundances from the latest data release (DR8) of the LAMOST survey. In contrast with previous age estimates, we do not use spectroscopic effective temperatures or surface gravities, and thus we rely on the excellent precision and accuracy of the Gaia photometry.

Methods. We use a new version of the publicly available SPInS code with improved features, including the on-the-fly computation of the autocorrelation time and the automatic convergence evaluation.

Results. We determine reliable age estimates for 35 096 and 243 768 sub-giant and main-sequence turn-off stars in the LAMOST DR8 low- and medium-resolution surveys with typical uncertainties smaller than 10%. In addition, we successfully test our method on more than 4000 stars of 14 well-studied open and globular star clusters covering a wide range of ages, confirming the reliability of our age and uncertainty estimates.
Plankton community profile in silvofishery ponds
Authors: Firdausa Della I. , Sulistiana Ana , Ariadi Heri
Published: November 2024

The aim of research it was to analysis of the plankton community profile in silvofishery ecosystems. The research method used in this study is a descriptive method with research data collection using the concept of causal ex-pose facto design in 4 adaptive silvofishery ponds. The results showed that plankton in 4 research ponds was found in as many as 5 classes consisting of 15 genera of plankton. The plankton abundance in the ponds ranged from 2.50E+03-2.63E+06 cells/ml. The most plankton dominant was Chlorella sp. 2.63E+03 cell/ml and Oschillatoria sp. 6.33E+05 cell/ml. Plankton abundance by class was Chlorophyta 2.88E+06 cell/ml, Cyanophyta 6.83E+05 cell/ml, Dinoflagellates 1.95E+05 cell/ml, Chrysophyta 9.50E+04 cell/ml, and Protozoa 1.75E+04 cell/ml. Water quality conditions at the silvofishery pond site were pH 7.85, dissolved oxygen 12.25 mg/L, salinity 7 g/L, temperature 28.83°C, nitrate 1.00 mg/L, nitrite 0.05 mg/L, ammonia 0.08 mg/L, and phosphate 0.07 mg/L, overall the water quality parameters are still following water quality standards for fish farming. The conclusion from this analysis is that the most dominant type of plankton class in this adaptive silvofishery culture is Chlorophyta with the most dominant genus Chlorella sp. which has an abundance level far above another genus.
An estimation of dissolved oxygen production model by paddle aerator in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture
Authors: Maharani Kayla , Ulfa Syafira , Ariadi Heri
Published: November 2024

Dissolved oxygen is an important parameter in L. vannamei culture. The aim of this research is to determine of the oxygen levels produced by the paddle aerator in L. vannamei ponds. The research method used is a descriptive method by collecting research data using the causal expose-facto design which is analyzed by a dynamic modeling system. The results showed that water quality parameters were relatively stable during the shrimp culture periods. Based on dynamic modeling studies, the effectiveness of using the paddle aerator will decrease in the third week. According to modeling estimates of 1 HP paddle aerators produce dissolved oxygen levels was 0.5-8.0 mg/L. The oxygen solubility level from using the paddle aerator was lowest when the shrimp culture period reached 50 days and the highest solubility was 7.5 mg/L. The oxygen solubility rate in shrimp pond waters is also influenced by the temperature stability and other abiotic factors. Finally, the oxygen production rate in the paddle aerator oscillates dynamically throughout the shrimp culture cycle with estimated oxygen production rates ranging from 0.5-8 mg/L.
Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) larvae response to commercial feed enriched with fish oil derived from Pangasius waste
Authors: Aryani Netti , Suharman Indra , Heltonika Benny , Edison Edison , Yulindra Ade , Stefani Natasya
Published: November 2024

Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) is a freshwater commodity that has been cultivated and has high economic value. Feed is one of the important factors in cultivation. Larvae favor good quality feed and will increase their growth. Feed enrichment with fish oil will improve palatability and stimulate growth. One method to improve feed quality is to enrich it with fish oil derived from Pangasius processing waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the response and growth of Asian redtail catfish larvae to feed that had been enriched with oil derived from Pangasius processing waste at different doses. The treatments used were P1 = commercial feed without enrichment, P2 = feed enrichment with 8% fish oil, P3 = feed enrichment with 10% fish oil, P4 = feed enrichment with 12% fish oil, and P5 = feed enrichment with 14% fish oil, which was reared with a stocking density of 5 fish/L. The results showed that feed enrichment with oil derived from Pangasius processing waste influenced the feeding response of the Asian redtail catfish larvae with the best treatments P3 and P4 with a value of 9.0, while the best growth and survival was P3 (0.87 ± 0.00 and 82.33 ± 2.08). In conclusion, feed enrichment with a 10% dose gives the best response and effect on the growth of Asian redtail catfish larvae.
Application of organic fertilizer made from solid waste from shrimp ponds for tilapia nursery (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Sahrijanna Andi , Suryanto Suwoyo Hidayat , Makmur  , Suwardi  , Mulyaningrum Sri Redjeki Hesti , Safri Muhammad , Ardyansyah Syaiful
Published: November 2024

The solid waste of super-intensive aquaculture ponds can be used as organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers are useful in soil nutrient enrichment and improvement. The purpose of this study was to utilize the solid waste of super-intensive ponds as an organic fertilizer for the nursery of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The treatments applied were: (A) organic fertilizer of solid waste of shrimp ponds with a dose of 0.1 kg/m2, (B) organic fertilizer of solid waste of shrimp ponds with a dose of 0.2 kg/m2, (C) organic fertilizer of solid waste of shrimp ponds with a dose of 0.3 kg/m2, (D) without organic fertilizer (control). The parameters observed were the growth of natural feed (plankton), tilapia’s growth and survival rate, and water quality. The growth and survival rate data were analyzed using oneway ANOVA, while water quality and natural feed data were analyzed descriptively. The result showed that the absolute growth of tilapia obtained during the study ranged from 0.1955-0.3158 g/ind with SGR 0.6517-1.0527%/day. The highest phytoplankton abundance in treatment A was 102858 ind/L, and zooplankton was 70354 ind/L. The study’s water quality supported tilapia’s growth and natural feed.
Analysis of proximate, amino acid and fatty acid on Phyrella sp. (sea cucumber) from Demak waters, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Indah Apriliani Seka , Widianingsih Widianingsih , Trianto Agus , Hartati Retno , Ari Setyati Wilis , Sedjati Sri
Published: November 2024

Sea cucumbers are marine organisms that the community has widely used as foodstuffs and medicine. One type of sea cucumber used is Phyrella. This research was conducted to determine the nutritional content (proximate, amino acid, and fatty acid) found in Phyrella sea cucumber to increase knowledge for the public. The procedure used in this study used two stages, including preparing Phyrella sea cucumber tissues and analyzing the proximate content, amino acids, and fatty acids. Phyrella tissues proximate analysis produced the highest values in ash content at 50.94%, protein at 37.28%, carbohydrates at 5.57%, moisture at 5.45%, and fat at 0.77%. The highest essential amino acids are produced by threonine (20195.595±22.380 mg/kg), leucine (17128.75±23.731 mg/kg), and valine (13389.465±18.760 mg/kg), and the lowest is produced by tryptophan (1176.000±0.778 mg/kg). The highest non-essential amino acids are produced by glycine (73405.095±123.058 mg/kg), glutamate acid (45620.42±59.326 mg/kg), and arginine (37542.3±22.840 mg/kg). At the same time, the lowest result was produced by cystine (8818.905±11.929 mg/kg). The results obtained from the highest fatty acids were unsaturated fats (0.3902±0.0051%), saturated fatty acids (0.3798±0.0091%), and polyunsaturated fats (0.23855±0.0025%). Meanwhile, the lowest fatty acid yield was found in erucic acid at 0.0095±0.0003%. The research results indicate that Phyrella sea cucumber can be a food ingredient, as it contains essential nutrients for the body.
Transformation of fishermen in Bangko sub-district, Rokan Hilir: Analysis of fishermen’s perceptions toward fisheries modernization
Authors: Metalisa Rindi , Arief Hazmi , Willy Yanti Chicka , Rosmalinda Indriana Inke
Published: November 2024

Fisheries modernization is one of the efforts to improve the welfare of fishermen and the sustainability of fishery resources. The success of implementing modernization in fisheries is highly dependent on the perception and acceptance of fishermen towards these changes. The study aimed to analyze fishermen’s perceptions of the modernization of fishing in the Bangko sub-district Rokan Hilir. This study involved 30 respondents and used a quantitative research method with a survey approach. The data collection technique used is interviews using questionnaires, observations, and documentation. Fisherman transformation in the context of fisheries modernization refers to changes that occur to fishermen in the use of equipment technology, access to information, institutional support, and influence on conductivity. The study’s findings indicate that there needs to be more awareness of the modernization of fisheries among fishermen. Juragan fishermen realize fisheries’ modernization, while traditional fishermen still need to be higher in realizing fisheries’ modernization.
Recent improvements in X-ray spectrometry measurements performed at the MADERE facility dedicated to reactor dosimetry requirements
Authors: Tisseur David , Domergue Christophe , Destouches Christophe , Philibert Hervé , Pepino Alexandra , Bonora Jonathan , Thiollay Nicolas , Lépy Marie Christine , Riffaud Jonathan , Hernández-Elvira Víctor
Published: November 2024

CEA/Cadarache operates the MADERE facility dedicated to measuring the activity of radionuclides generated during the irradiation of specific dosimeters made of hyper-pure materials. This facility is equipped with seven spectrometers, two of which are dedicated to the detection of radionuclides that emit X-rays. The laboratory that operates the MADERE facility processes solid-state rhodium and niobium dosimeters, which emit X-rays of 20 keV and 16 keV respectively. In recent years, there have been significant improvements in nuclear decay data, leading to better measurement of these two X-ray emitters. A joint LDCI and LNHB thesis, defended in 2018, produced major advances (for example self-attenuation corrections for 93mNb and 103mRh). The most significant achievements and outlooks are presented in this paper for the both niobium and rhodium dosimeters.
The characteristics and mechanism of ultrafine iron ore powder reduction by coal under mechanical activation
Authors: Cheng Wangsheng , Cheng Tong , Li Jiaxin , Long Hongming , Wei Rufei
Published: November 2024

The ultrafine iron ore powder produced through mechanical activation is a crucial technology for achieving low-temperature ironmaking. This study employs thermogravimetric analysis to investigate the reduction properties of coal powder to iron ore powder under mechanical activation conditions. The Malek method is utilized to analyze and elucidate the reaction mechanism. Experimental findings reveal that mechanical activation enhances the reduction of iron ore powder by coal powder, with the reduction characteristic temperature decreasing as the activation time increases. Mechanical activation alters the coal powder reduction reaction process of iron ore powder, changing the limiting step from gas diffusion at the interface in unactivated raw material to carbon gasification in activated raw material with 30 min of activation time. Moreover, the activation of raw material with activation times of 120 min and 480 min results in the interfacial reduction reaction becoming the limiting step. The activation energy of coal powder for reducing iron ore powder decreases continuously with increasing activation time, with a rapid decrease before 120 min and a slower decrease after 120 min.
Comparison of whole-body 18F-FDG-PET/CT with 18F-FDG-PET/CT limited to skull base to upper abdomen for primary staging of lung cancer – a retrospective explorative analysis
Authors: Schulz Lukas , Funk Georg-Christian , Kirchbacher Klaus , Egger Elena , Müser Nino , Mirzaei Siroos
Published: November 2024

The gold standard for ruling out distant metastases as part of primary staging in lung cancer is whole-body 18F-FDG-PET/CT, but this method is resource-intensive. Recent evidence suggests that examining only the thorax and upper abdomen may be sufficient 1
2
3. If a limited 18F-FDG-PET/CT approach proves effective for proper staging, it could lead to quicker examinations and reduced radiation exposure. This study aimed to determine whether limited 18F-FDG-PET/CT is adequate for the primary staging of lung cancer.

In this study, a retrospective analysis of 161 patients (87 men, 74 women; age range 31–88 y) with recent or suspected lung cancer who had undergone a whole-body 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination for primary staging at our clinic between 2018 and 2022 was conducted. None of these patients showed evidence of extrathoracic metastases before the 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination. The images were divided into three regions: “head-neck” (HN), “thorax-upper abdomen” (TUA), and “lower abdomen-hip” (LAH). TNM staging based on the HN plus TUA region was compared with TNM staging based on the whole body.

Among the 161 subjects, 7 (4%) showed malignancy-suspect lesions in HN, 110 (68%) in TUA and 7 (4%) had suspected distant metastases in LAH. The TNM staging based on HN plus TUA corresponded to TNM staging based on the whole body in 161 (100%) examinations. This finding aligns with similar results in previous literature.

18F-FDG-PET/CT limited to HN and TUA yielded accurate staging in all cases. Adopting this method could facilitate the examination and correct staging of more individuals, reducing exam waiting times and physician reporting time and minimising radiation exposure.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction secondary to acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wannhoff Andreas , Canakis Andrew , Sharaiha Reem Z. , Fayyaz Farimah , Schlag Christoph , Sharma Neil , Elsayed Ismaeil , Khashab Mouen A. , Baron Todd H. , Caca Karel , Irani Shayan S.
Published: November 2024

Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is a minimally invasive technique for treating gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of EUS-GE in managing benign GOO caused by duodenal stenosis in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Methods This international retrospective study analyzed patients treated with EUS-GE for GOO caused by acute pancreatitis until December 2023, evaluating technical and clinical success, adverse events, and reintervention.

Results 39 patients (median age 55 years, 15 women) were included. There was a 92.3% technical success rate, with only three patients unable to undergo EUS-GE owing to a long distance between the stomach and small bowel or an inadequate window for puncture. Clinical success was observed in 34 patients (87.2%). The median Gastric Outlet Obstruction Scoring System (GOOSS) improved from 0 before EUS-GE to 2 afterward (P <0.001). Follow-up (≥3 months) was available in 25 patients. During a median follow-up of 23 months, four patients required reintervention. It was possible to remove the lumen-apposing metal stent in 18 patients. The only adverse event was a gastrocolic fistula detected incidentally after 3 months.

Conclusion EUS-GE is an effective and safe method for managing benign GOO in the setting of acute pancreatitis.
Self-Defense Training for Enhancing Self-Esteem: Sexual Harassment Preventive Strategy—A Pilot Study among High School Girls of Coastal Region of Karnataka, India
Authors: Nithyashree B. V. , Leena K. C.
Published: November 2024

Background Sexual harassment is a major public issue among teens. As a result, encouraging teenage girls to claim their rights and providing an atmosphere free of prejudice and violence is vital. Promoting high self-esteem may minimize the probability of teenagers experiencing the negative repercussions of harassment.

Objective This study sought to explore the potential of self-defense training to enhance self-esteem among high school girls.

Methods A quantitative research approach with quasi-experimental design was adopted. Three government high schools from seven clusters were randomly selected from Mangalore South Zone and 38 high school girls were recruited (control group =18 from two schools and intervention group =20 from one school). Data were collected using sociodemographic proforma and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. After pretest, eight sessions of self-defense training were conducted and a posttest was administered with an interval of 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months after the intervention. Ethical approval for the study was obtained.

Results A significant difference was found between the self-esteem scores of the intervention and control groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion This study revealed that the self-defense training was effective in enhancing self-esteem. Enhancement of self-esteem and awareness of self-protection is key to remaining free from violence, assault, and harassment.
Illegal drugs and socio-economic changes in a new pivotal region: a court judgements perspective
Authors: Bussu Anna , Dettori Domenica Giovanna , Ladu Maria Gabriela , Pulina Manuela
Published: November 2024

This study adopts an integrative approach, combining quantitative and quantitative analysis based on Court judgements to uncover trends, dynamics and projections in the illegal drug trade. A quantitative analysis offers insight into drug specialisations. A Computer-Assisted Qualitative Document Analysis Software unveils socio-economic changes in a newly pivotal Italian region for international drug trade. The analysis highlights the intricate complexities of this underground activity and assesses the role of organised crime groups, shifts in criminal activities, and the emergence of complementary profitable crimes. The study offers a novel understanding of the multi-faceted nature of the drug trade, its impact on society, and its connection with other types of crimes, empowering policymakers to make evidence-based decisions on prevention and treatment policies.
Harmonic imaging for nonlinear detection of acoustic biomolecules
Authors: Nayak Rohit , Duan Mengtong , Ling Bill , Jin Zhiyang , Malounda Dina , Shapiro Mikhail G.
Published: November 2024

Gas vesicles (GVs) based on acoustic reporter genes have emerged as potent contrast agents for cellular and molecular ultrasound imaging. These air-filled, genetically encoded protein nanostructures can be expressed in a variety of cell types in vivo to visualize cell location and activity or injected systemically to label and monitor tissue function. Distinguishing GV signal from tissue deep inside intact organisms requires imaging approaches such as amplitude modulation (AM) or collapse-based pulse sequences. However, these approaches have limitations either in sensitivity or require the destruction of GVs, restricting the imaging of dynamic cellular processes. To address these limitations, we developed harmonic imaging to enhance the sensitivity of nondestructive GV imaging. We hypothesized that harmonic imaging, integrated with AM, could significantly elevate GV detection sensitivity by leveraging the nonlinear acoustic response of GVs. We tested this hypothesis by imaging tissue-mimicking phantoms embedded with purified GVs, mammalian cells genetically modified to express GVs, and mice liver in vivo post-systemic infusion of GVs. Our findings reveal that harmonic cross-propagating wave AM (HxAM) imaging markedly surpasses traditional xAM in isolating GVs' nonlinear acoustic signature, demonstrating significant (p < 0.05) enhancements in imaging performance. HxAM imaging improves detection of GV producing cells up to three folds in vitro, enhances in vivo imaging performance by over 10 dB, while extending imaging depth by up to 20%. Investigation into the backscattered spectra further elucidates the advantages of harmonic imaging. These advancements bolster ultrasound's capability in molecular and cellular imaging, underscoring the potential of harmonic signals to improve GV detection.