bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Gamification Elements on Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Adeoye Moses Adeleke
Published: January 2024

Playing games is an important part of a child's cognitive and social development. Students learn more when they are allowed to play and engage in hands-on activities rather than being forced to memorize knowledge (formulas) from books. Enjoyable components must be incorporated into their classes to maintain their attention and increase their performance. The great benefits that gamification offers must be integrated into the basic level of education to limit the easily bored span. Appropriate integration of gamification into classroom activities could raise a positive effect on students’ performance and promote a positive attitude toward learning. This study could provide teachers with information and awareness on innovative instructional approaches that can boost students’ engagement, motivation, and performance while learning. It can also serve as an eye-opener for teachers in other fields of learning to explore and adopt better instructional approaches to teaching to improve student performance. Training of teachers on the use of gamification-based teaching should be integrated into our educational sector. This research was conducted to determine the influence of gamification elements on student academic achievement.
An Assessment Strategy Using Visual Basic Application in PowerPoint: A Free Interactive Quiz Application for ICT Class
Authors: Ahillon Jr Ricardo Cruz , Aquino Paulo Martin M.
Published: January 2024

Assessment of learning is one vital phase in the teaching-learning process inside the classroom. Assessment has been improving since there are various ways how to conduct the assessment. Here the purpose of this study was to demonstrate an assessment strategy using a visual basic application in PowerPoint. It can be classified as a free interactive quiz application for the ICT class. The findings revealed that the assessment tool was a valid and acceptable evaluation tool since it is evaluated as very much acceptable by the teachers. The assessment strategy using Visual Basic Application was a valid and acceptable evaluation tool by the teachers in terms of instruction, discussions, pictures used, and activities. The study recommends that learners be exposed to assessment strategies using the Visual Basic Application for a fast, convenient consolidation of their scores and evidence of true assessment.
The Effectiveness of the Practicum Video Guide on Distance Learning in Improving Biology Learning Outcomes in Enzyme Content
Authors: Hofifah Siti Nur , Sumiati S.
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of video practicum guides on distance learning in improving biology learning outcomes on enzymes. This research was conducted with the stages of problem identification, planning, action (cycles I-III), observation, and reflection. All stages of learning were carried out in distance learning (online). The research was conducted on 35 students at a high school in Bandung. The assessment instrument in this study consisted of observation sheets and students' cognitive tests at the end of the cycle. The results of observations and cognitive tests of students showed that the average score for the biological value of the enzyme material had increased. There was a significant increase in each cycle, showing the success of the learning strategy by listening to video practicum. Student learning outcomes were also influenced by the teacher management in carrying out the online learning process. This research was expected to provide new information regarding the use of video media in distance learning.
Analysis of the links between feminist thought, political activism, and theological discourse in the struggle for social justice
Authors: Makhanya Monument Thulani Bongani
Published: January 2024

The fight for body positivity is an ongoing struggle against unattainable beauty standards and social pressure. It entails questioning accepted norms, celebrating variety, and advocating for acceptance of all physical characteristics. It is necessary to demolish false beliefs and promote inclusivity, mental health, and self-acceptance in order to cultivate a culture of self-love and empowerment. This article therefore explores the relationships that exist between the pursuit of body positivism and feminist theory, political activity, and theological discourse. In order to oppose restrictive body norms and advance body acceptance and empowerment, it explores the intersections between feminist theories, political activism, and theological concepts. This analysis seeks to offer light on the ways in which these three characteristics contribute to the body positivist movement and its implications for global gender equality by examining historical developments, current problems, and prospective paths for change. This article utilised the secondary, feminist and liberation theologies analysis as methodology. The article has six proposals to individuals, communities, institutions, and society as a transformative strategy.
Marilyn Naidoo (ed.) 2021. Making Connections:
Authors: Pali Khamadi Joseph
Published: January 2024

Theological education has a remarkable impact on the Christian leadership, mission, and other ministries of the congregations. Therefore, it is of utmost significance to regularly review theological discourse, curriculum, pedagogy, and institutional systems (pp. 4, 35). The book mentioned above is one of the seminal works edited by Prof Marilyn Naidoo concerning the development of theological education in Africa. It explores how integration within African theological education is understood and can be implemented by applying appropriate theological, philosophical, and pedagogical tools (pp. 4, 6).
Взаимодействие гражданской науки с обществом: особенности и противоречия
Authors: Рассолова Елена Николаевна , Галкин Константин Александрович
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности взаимодействия гражданской науки с обществом в рамках проектов, которые организуют исследователи-непрофессионалы. Под гражданской наукой в исследовании понимается деятельность непрофессиональных ученых, не имеющих специального образования волонтеров, работающих в разных сферах науки и проектах и совершающих открытия, репрезентирующих результаты открытий. Цель статьи —  рассмотрение особенностей процесса взаимодействий гражданской науки с общественностью и выделение различных стратегий взаимодействий. Методом исследования выступает контент-анализ. Материалы исследования — это научные публикации, рассматривающие различные инициативы в сфере гражданской науки. Всего было проанализировано 50 научных статей, а также сайты проектов в сфере гражданской науки и репрезентация проектов гражданской науки в СМИ. Использование метода контент-анализа в исследовании позволило выделить и обозначить ключевые особенности презентации проектов гражданской науки, а также специфику взаимодействий с общественностью в сфере гражданской науки. Основным результатом публикации выступает выделение двух стратегий взаимодействий гражданской науки с обществом. Первая стратегия, стратегия диалога, наиболее близка к подобной стратегии в сфере профессиональной науки и связана с репрезентацией и рассказами о научных знаниях и открытиях. Вторая стратегия — стратегия соучастия позволяет раскрыть весь потенциал гражданской науки через привлечение общественности к производству и развитию научного знания.
Особенности формирования культурно-ценностного потенциала в тезаурусной сфере студенческой молодежи: метод фокус-групп
Authors: Лапшин Василий Андреевич
Published: January 2024

В статье представлено изучение феномена культурно-ценностного потенциала молодежи через анализ ее тезаурусной сферы. Культурно-ценностный потенциал рассматривается как часть системы человеческого потенциала, отвечающая за целеполагание и развитие личности. Тезаурусный анализ представлен как вид социологического метода исследования, основанного на концепции, разработанной Валерием Андреевичем и Владимиром Андреевичем Луковыми. Способом получения исследовательских данных выступил метод фокусированного интервью, проводимого студентами Московского гуманитарного университета в рамках предмета «философия».
Влияние института наградного дела на культурную политику Приднестровья
Authors: Голубь Наталья Александровна
Published: January 2024

Рассматривается институт наградного дела как институт признания заслуг перед государством и обществом, представляющий собой символические средства коммуникации власти и народа, выступающий тем символическим капиталом, что способен мобилизовать энергию и культурных лидеров, и начинающих специалистов, становясь мейнстримом для всего творческого сообщества. Отмечается, что наградная система (почетные звания, награды, премии) позволяет государству не только оценивать результат творческой деятельности и стимулировать профессиональный рост своих выдающихся граждан, но и формировать культурные элиты страны, тем самым сплачивая социум вокруг наиболее одаренных личностей, «сигнализируя» профессиональному сообществу о том, кому подражать, на кого равняться.

 Созданная «наградная пирамида» в творческом секторе Приднестровской Молдавской Республики (ПМР), актуализируя реверсивные потоки идеологического влияния и выступая составной частью политической системы государства, символом укрепления легитимности власти, рассматривается через призму идеологической матрицы на каждом из трех этапов развития приднестровского общества, обусловленных деятельностью различных лидеров республики, проводящих «свой» мировозренческий мейнстрим.
Социально-психологические факторы жизнестойкости жителей приграничных регионов во время специальной военной операции
Authors: Лавров Василий Васильевич , Лаврова Нина Михайловна , Бутенко Светлана Александровна , Лавров Никанор Васильевич , Зезюлинская Инна Алексеевна
Published: January 2024

Во время специальной военной операции с ноября 2022 г. по февраль 2023 г. психическая устойчивость 708 жителей приграничных с Украиной регионов подверглась оценке с использованием показателя тревожности. Динамика психической устойчивости наблюдалась при сопоставлении ситуационной тревожности в момент прохождения теста и личностной тревожности, свойственной предшествующему годовому периоду. Повышенная личностная тревожность прослеживалась у большинства респондентов. Если в ноябре уровень ситуационной тревожности чаще всего снижался по отношению к личностной, то в декабре ситуационная тревожность превышала личностную у большинства респондентов. В январе и феврале соотношение вновь изменилось. Не было отмечено преобладание какого-то одного из вариантов равенства, повышения или снижения уровня ситуационной тревожности по отношению к личностной. Причины наблюдавшейся динамики психической устойчивости объясняются на основе принципов регуляции функционального состояния. Во-первых, имеется в виду взаимосвязь эмоциональных переживаний и мобилизации интеллекта. Во-вторых, обращается внимание на выбор эффективных стратегий манипуляции доступной информацией при разрешении проблем. В-третьих, при рассмотрении факторов, влияющих на динамику психической устойчивости, учитывается состояние платформы переживаний в зависимости от эмоций, закономерно возникающих в шести стандартных жизненных ситуациях, а также от ведущих мотиваций. Именно сознательное управление мотивациями позволяет контролировать переживания. Таким образом, сознательное восстановление психической устойчивости объясняется обращением к позитивному личному опыту с учетом выраженности социальной поддержки.
Типология методологических подходов к определению культурного пространства
Authors: Хилько Николай Федорович , Горелова Юлия Робертовна
Published: January 2024

В статье актуализируется категория «культурное пространство», которая встречается практически во всех трудах, где объектом исследования выступает культура. При этом отмечается, что в зависимости от контекста, целей и задач исследования исследователи по-разному трактуют данное понятие, в силу чего определения иногда взаимно пересекаются, а иногда расходятся достаточно далеко друг от друга. Утверждается доминирующая структурно-семиотическая роль культурного пространства. Статья нацелена на выявление ключевых методологических подходов изучения категории «культурное пространство». С помощью методов структурного и сравнительного анализа выделены следующие подходы: семиотический, аксиологический, медиакультурный, духовно-средовый геокультурный, системно-концептуальный, медиакультурное пространство.
Определяются различные уровни культурного пространства: физический (реальное пространство), перцептивный (воспринимаемое пространство), духовный или ментальный и абстрактно-концептуальный, существующий лишь умозрительно. Каждый из этих уровней культурного пространства отражается в индивидуальном или групповом сознании. Выявлено, что первый уровень характеризуется материализацией культурного пространства, второй — его образной репрезентацией, а третий — понятийно-концептуальной интерпретацией культурного пространства.
Всечеловеческое и образы народного характера в концепции Н. Я. Данилевского
Authors: Веряскина Валентина Петровна
Published: January 2024

В центре внимания статьи работа «Россия и Европа» Н. Я. Данилевского, который признается основоположником российской геополитики. В статье рассматривается его понимание процессов развития цивилизаций с позиций концептов «общечеловеческое» и «всечеловеческое». В этой связи анализируются и современные подходы к вопросу о национальной идентичности — подход А. В. Смирнова и Р. Бенедикт, их различия в целеполагании исследования и методологической направленности. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме концептуального подхода Н. Я. Данилевского к вопросу об образах народного характера, их специфике и влиянию исторического развития на их формирование. В работе анализируется роль научной методологии в сущностном определении народных характеров, сравнение русского и романо-германского, их влияние на исторические и цивилизационные процессы.

В итоге рассмотрения этих проблем творческого наследия Н. Я. Данилевского, можно сделать вывод о плодотворном характере концептуального подхода Н. Я. Данилевского, его актуальности для современности, позволяющего с научных позиций исследовать народный характер, национальную идентичность и понимать современные вызовы, связанные с критикой глобализма и гегемонизма, понимать значимость современного тренда — становления полицентричного и многоцивилизационного мира.
Черты русского менталитета по Н. А. Бердяеву в повести А. П. Чехова «Палата № 6»
Authors: Долгирева Альбина Эдуардовна
Published: January 2024

Черты русского менталитета можно обнаружить в произведениях многих русских писателей. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности русского национального характера, проанализированные Н. А. Бердяевым в его книге «Судьба России» на примере повести А.П. Чехова «Палата № 6». Новизна данного исследования заключается в том, что оно показывает, что именно в этом произведении отражен весь спектр ментальных понятий по Н. А. Бердяеву. В перспективе интересно было бы проследить, как меняются черты русской ментальности в произведениях русских писателей с течением времени.
Почему европейская философия ХХ века не обращала внимание на феномен психопатии?
Authors: Кучерова Анастасия Валерьевна
Published: January 2024

В настоящее время актуальной темой для изучения в области как естественных, так и гуманитарных наук стала психопатия — особый личностный тип (многообразие таких типов личности), выделение которого обусловлено особенностями психологического склада психопатов, определяющими характерное для них поведение (также вследствие этого болезненно — нередко асоциально — отклоняющееся от принятых стандартов «нормальности»). Проявлять интерес к асоциальным в силу своей природы (и возможно, воспитания) индивидам, игнорирующим моральные нормы и способным на крайние степени немотивированной жестокости, ученые начали еще в XVIII столетии, а к ХХ в. был составлен четкий портрет психопатической личности и сделаны большие успехи в разработке самого концепта психопатии. Этот портрет во всем многообразии его вариантов развивался и уточнялся на протяжении XX столетия, в значительной степени в рамках отечественной традиции психиатрии и психологии. Центральным для настоящей статьи является вопрос: по каким причинам западные философы ХХ столетия, активно обращавшиеся в работе к вопросам, связанным с психологией, никак не учли данные о психопатии в своем теоретизировании? Анализируя такие явления, как агрессивность, деструкция, садизм, значимые мыслители периода — З. Фрейд, Ж. Батай, М. Фуко, Ж. Делез и Ф. Гваттари, Э. Фромм и др. — не заметили фигуру асоциального психопата, хорошо известного к тому времени науке и искусству и ярко воплощающего тематику разрушительности, а также исторические реалии. Автор статьи предполагает, что возможный ответ кроется в специфике психолого-философского дискурса времени с характерной для него ориентацией на постижение цельности человека в единстве различных психических факторов и увлечение психоанализом, в связи с чем явление психопатии оказалось слишком специализированным и не было востребовано европейской философией практически до конца ХХ столетия.  
Defining seismogenic sources from historical earthquake felt reports
Authors: Gasperini Paolo , Bernardini Filippo , Valensise Gianluca , Boschi Enzo
Published: January 2024

We present a method that uses macroseismic intensity data to assess the location, physical dimensions, and orientation of the source of large historical earthquakes. Intensity data contain a great deal of information that can be used to constrain the essential characteristics of the seismic source. In particular, both the seismological theory and its practice suggest that the orientation of the source of significant earthquakes is reflected in the elongation of the associated damage pattern. A plausible and easily manageable way of describing a seismic source is by representing it as an oriented “rectangle,” the length and width of which are obtained from moment magnitude through empirical relationships. This rectangle is meant to represent either the actual surface projection of the seismogenic fault or, at least, the projection of the portion of the Earth crust where a given seismic source is likely to be located.

The systematic application of this method to all the M > 5.5 earthquakes that occurred in the central and southern Apennines (Italy) in the past four centuries returned encouraging results that compare well with existing instrumental, direct geological, and geodynamic evidence. The method is quite stable for different choices of the algorithm parameters and provides elongation directions that in most cases can be shown to be statistically significant. In particular, the resulting pattern of source orientations is rather homogeneous, showing a consistent Appennines-parallel trend that agrees well with the NE-SW extension style of deformation active in the central and southern portions of the Italian peninsula.
Cultura del chisme y gestión empresarial
Authors: Mendoza Vega Lilia
Published: January 2024

Deborah de los Ángeles Rodríguez y Arregocés no podía creer que por fin tenía la gerencia de su organización. Fue un trayecto largo para llegar hasta ahí.

Aún recuerda que inició como operaria de la fábrica y asistente del almacén y sin escrúpulo alguno, valiéndose de su mirada de “yo no fui” fue capaz de enredar a su supervisor inmediato y ganarse su confianza, con el único y firme propósito de obtener su puesto.

Fueron cerca de quince años en el puesto de su supervisora y valiéndose de toda clase de artimaña –tradúzcase grabaciones ocultas, fotos, entre otras - que observó de su padre, militar retirado de años atrás, logró conseguir chantajear a la hija del accionista principal de la organización Inspiration. Le dijo que, sino la nombraban en el cargo de la gerencia, todo el personal de producción, empaque, finanzas y servicio al cliente se iba a enterar de sus infidelidades con el vigilante de la empresa.

A Purita, que así se llamaba la hija de Don Manolo Rodríguez Pimiento, Principal accionista de la multinacional Inspiration, poco o nada le importaba que su padre supiese de sus andanzas. Lo que más le angustiaba es que su esposo, su amado Esteban, se enterara de esa situación.

Su angustia en nada obedecía al amor…para nada…estaban en juego las 200 hectáreas de la finca La Abundancia, las capitulaciones que había firmado antes de casarse, en las que decía que, de comprobársele una infidelidad, ella no tendría derecho a nada de la fortuna de los Rodríguez Pimiento ni a la mitad de las acciones de la empresa Inspiration.
Evaluación financiera de la pyme cultivadora de banano en Colombia (2016 – 2021)
Authors: Rivera Godoy Jorge Alberto
Published: January 2024

Analizar el comportamiento financiero de la pequeña y mediana firma cultivadora de plátano y banano en Colombia entre los años 2016 al 2021 es el objetivo de esta investigación, que emplea como método el estudio anual y comparativo de indicadores contables y de gestión del valor que miden su crecimiento, eficiencia, eficacia y efectividad. Se halla que la pyme cultivadora de plátano y banano logra rendimientos contables, que son superiores en la pequeña compañía por ser más eficiente y haber hecho uso de un mayor apalancamiento financiero, con los que logra contrarrestar la mayor eficacia en el control de costo-gastos de la mediana empresa. Estos indicadores contables son más altos en la pyme que en todo el sector; pero, solo la pequeña compañía crea valor económico agregado en el sexenio, ya que la mediana compañía solo genera valor en un año, y todo el sector solo lo hace en dos años.
El servicio al cliente como estrategia de apalancamiento de los superetes en Barranquilla, un modelo comercial intermedio
Authors: Martínez Juvené Johana Carolina , Fontalvo Cerpa Winston , Arango Torres Fabio Andrés
Published: January 2024

En los últimos años, Colombia ha presentado un incremento gradual de los hoy denominados superetes, un establecimiento intermedio entre la tienda de barrio y el supermercado. En estos, el cliente encuentra un establecimiento de gran calidad y variedad de productos, en un espacio reducido a una corta distancia de las zonas residenciales, lo cual le brinda una serie de ventajas en la capacidad de pago, cercanía, servicio personalizado y calidez humana.El presente artículo tiene como finalidad el dar a conocer un análisis a las actividades de marketing aplicadas por las tiendas de formato superetes de la ciudad de Barranquilla, este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación cuantitativa que busca exponer una realidad social por medio de un estudio descriptivo aplicando un método deductivo, por medio de una herramienta de recolección de información documental y aplicación de entrevistas de percepción a diferentes consumidores de este formato en la ciudad mencionada.Po ello, se destaca la importancia de los superetes como un formato comercial intermedio que ha ganado una fuerte presencia en la ciudad de Barranquilla en los últimos años. Estos han logrado posicionarse en el mercado y obtener una participación significativa en la venta de productos de consumo masivo.
Role of metal complexes in inhibition of cancer growth factors
Authors: Mandal Saptarshi , Mahanty Subhajit , Roy Soham , Saha Dipankar , Mallick Supriti , Choudhuri Soumitra , Majumder Surajit
Published: January 2024

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, representing a hallmark feature marked by sustained proliferation. This heightened proliferative capacity is primarily driven by the influence of growth factors. Scientific evidence suggests that growth factors play a crucial role in augmenting the transcription of specific proto-oncogenes, such as myc and fos. In the context of cancer development, these growth factors can be either produced by the cancer cells themselves or induce normal cells to release them through intricate signaling mechanisms. The functional diversity of growth factors encompasses various actions, but their predominant mode of operation is through the tyrosine kinase receptor pathway. Tyrosine kinase receptors, comprising integral membrane complexes with intrinsic kinase activity in their cytoplasmic domain, play a pivotal role in transducing signals initiated by the binding of specific growth factors (ligands). This binding event triggers the activation of the kinase function within the receptor, resulting in the phosphorylation of downstream targets on tyrosine and serine residues. Subsequently, this phosphorylation event recruits additional molecules into signaling cascades, amplifying the cellular response. Transition metals, such as Copper, Zinc, and Cobalt, integral to biological systems, play pivotal roles in normal physiological functions. However, dysregulation of these essential metals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various disorders, including cancer. The narrative unfolds by elucidating the critical role of growth factors in cancer cell proliferation. Key growth factors, such as Transforming Growth Factor-β, Tumour Necrosis Factor-α and Insulin-like Growth Factors, are explored within the context of cancer progression. The intricate signaling pathways, particularly the Tyrosine Kinase Receptor pathway, are examined to understand how metal complexes may disrupt these pathways, impeding uncontrolled cell growth. Furthermore, this review provides an in-depth examination of medicinal inorganic chemistry, emphasizing the ability of transition metal complexes to form charged ions and induce hydrolysis reactions. The nuanced discussion underscores the necessity for precise dosages of metal-containing drugs to avoid undesirable toxicity, acknowledging the delicate balance required for optimal therapeutic responses. This comprehensive review delves into metal complexes of Cobalt, Copper, Zinc, and metal nanoparticles as promising inhibitors of cancer growth factors. By explicating the intricate interplay between metal complexes and growth factor pathways, this article contributes to the ongoing scientific exploration of novel and effective anticancer strategies.
Asymptomatic carriage of pneumococcus in children under 2 years of age in Libreville: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Mintoo Steeve , Nze-Nkoghe Chimene , Loembe Fifi C. , Makouloutou-Nzatsi Patrice , Makanga Boris , Ditsoga-Kombila Diane , Ategbo Simon J.
Published: January 2024

Background: The morbidity and mortality attributed to pneumococcus are impressive even in the absence of any problem of antibiotic resistance. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic pneumococcal carriage in children aged between 2 months and 2 years in Libreville and to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with carriage.
Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study from September 2019 to February 2020, including infants aged 2 months to 2 years, randomly selected, in 8 health centres in Libreville. We collected sociodemographic data from children and parents. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from each child and analyzed in the laboratory of institut de recherche en ecologie tropicale (IRET). Categorical data were expressed as frequencies. Univariate analyses (odd ratio-OR) were performed to measure the relationship between the relevant variables and pneumococcal carriage, followed by a multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The threshold of statistical significance was set at p<0.05 for a two-tailed chi-square test.
Results: Of the 434 children included, 51.2% (n=222) were girls, with a mean age of 5.4±3.2 months. Streptococcus pneumoniae was found in 53 children, giving a prevalence of 12.6% (95% CI [9.5-15.6%]). The prevalence was the same for both sexes. Carriage was associated with more than 2 siblings (OR=2.1; p=0.01); an age greater than 6 months (OR=3.6; p=0.001); a child's rank higher than the median (OR=2.3; p=0.006); a mother's low level of education (OR=4.5; p=0.001); a father working in the informal sector (OR=2.4; p=0.01). The mother's level of education was the factor found in the multivariate analysis (p=0.043).
Conclusions: The data from this survey encourage the serotyping of strains to guide the vaccination strategy.
Phototherapy and serum blood calcium levels in neonates: is there a need for calcium supplementation?
Authors: Shirolkar Mukund S. , Verneker Ruchika A.
Published: January 2024

Background: Phototherapy is the first line of treatment for physiological jaundice. However, it has its own set of complications. Hypocalcaemia is a less frequent but a potential complication of phototherapy. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of 24 hours of phototherapy on the serum blood calcium levels of the newborn after 24 hours of exposure and the need for supplementation in these new born babies.
Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted at our institute on 31 newborn babies born between June 2022 to December 2022. All term neonates who developed clinically significant physiological jaundice after 48 hours of life were subjected to double surface phototherapy with LED blue light for 24 hours. These babies were screened for their serum calcium levels by venous blood sampling before the commencement of the phototherapy. The same sampling was repeated after 24 hours of exposure to the phototherapy lights to see the effect on serum calcium levels of the newborn.
Results: Phototherapy was given for 24 hours. Mean serum calcium measured at 48 hours of life prior to phototherapy was 9.25±0.62 mg/ml. Also, mean serum calcium at 24 hours post phototherapy was 8.74±0.38 mg/ml. A highly significant decrease in serum calcium level was seen post phototherapy (p=0.0002). Independent samples t test was used.
Conclusions: In healthy term neonates exposed for only 24 hours of phototherapy decrease in serum calcium levels to some extend was noted however it is unlikely to cause clinically significant hypocalcemia.
Atypical case of hypermanganesemia with dystonia type 1: a treatable primary dystonia caused by inborn error of manganese metabolism
Authors: Kumar Manish
Published: January 2024

Dystonia is one of the most common movement disorders in the pediatric age group. Dystonia with hypermanganesemia have polycythemia with deranged iron profile, chronic liver disease and basal ganglia hyperintensity on T1 weighted MRI brain image as characteristic finding. We are reporting one case of dystonia, lower limb weakness, polycythemia, and characteristic basal ganglia hyperintensity with a normal iron profile without liver involvement which diagnosed as inherited manganese (Mn) transporter defect due to homozygous mutations of SLC30A10 gene. Most of the reported cases of this mutation have reported decreased iron profile in their blood report and liver involvement contrary to our case. Intravenous disodium calcium edetate chelation and oral iron therapy led to a decrease in whole blood Mn level as well as clinical improvement in the patient. This is a rare disorder and is one of the potentially treatable inherited metal storage disorders and fatal if left untreated.
Correlation of serum thyroid stimulating hormone level to predict benign or malignant nature of thyroid swelling
Authors: Rana Sabi , Bista Meera , Shrestha Akriti , Bhandari Property , Devkota Sagar , Pradhan Sujan , Sharma Saurav
Published: January 2024

Background: Thyroid enlargement is a common clinical problem encountered in ENT practice, thyroid cancer, by contrast is less common. Several imaging modalities, FNAB and biomarkers are available but a simple clinical or biochemical diagnostic criterion is still lacking. Serum TSH is a well- established growth factor for thyroid nodules and thus can be used as a simple and reliable test to predict the risk of having a thyroid malignancy in a patient with thyroid swelling. Objectives were to correlate serum TSH level with benign or malignant nature of thyroid swelling and to evaluate the use of TSH level in predicting thyroid malignancy.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of one year at department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery of a tertiary care center in Nepal involving a total of 61 patients with thyroid swelling who underwent thyroid surgery. Pre-operative serum TSH level was measured and correlated with final HPE diagnosis.
Results: The study included 61 patients of which 30 (49.2%) were malignant on histopathology report. The mean TSH level for benign cases was 1.97 mIU/l±0.99 and that for malignant cases was 3.85 mIU/l±1.20 (p=0.000), thus showing higher level of mean serum TSH in malignant group and also more in differentiated thyroid cancer.
Conclusions: Patients with higher range of TSH levels were more likely to have thyroid malignancy as compared to lower range even within normal value. Hence, serum TSH level can be a reliable marker to predict malignancy in thyroid swelling.
Rhino-orbital mucormycosis during COVID-19 pandemic: our clinical experience
Authors: N. S. Prakash , Nasser Arfan , P. Nayak Prathvi , Chandra Ima , Thomas Manampuram Mathew , S. Warad Mayur , Ranjani S. K. , Sulhyan Sushmita
Published: January 2024

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic declared by the WHO was compounded by the sudden and unexpected increase of Rhino-orbital mucormycosis infections during the year 2021. Mucormycosis a life-threatening infection, with added COVID-19 infection further increases the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Our aim is to shed some light on possible risk factors, treatment options and outcomes when these diseases occur together.
Methods: 22 cases diagnosed with rhino-orbital mucormycosis with history of COVID-19 infection were selected. Cases underwent surgical and medical management. Patients were followed up for 3 months and were continued on medical treatment and regular post-operative DNE, CECT PNS and brain and relapses were treated accordingly.
Results: Of these 22 patients, 15 were males and 7 were females ranging between 31-60 years. 15 (68.18%) had history of DM, 16 (72.72%) gave history of oxygen therapy and 18 (81.82%) had history of high dose steroid therapy. 15 (68.18%), 4 (18.18%) and 3 (13.64%) respectively underwent Endoscopic debridement, Total maxillectomy and Medial maxillectomy. There were 3 cases of relapse which were managed with additional full course treatment with Intravenous Liposomal Amphotericin B.
Conclusion: COIVD-19 and uncontrolled DM to both be probable pre-disposing factors for developing Mucormycosis. Oxygen therapy & high dose of steroids used in the treatment of COIVD-19 may increase incidences of mucormycosis. Early treatment with surgery is necessary to reduce the need for more radical procedures and improving the recovery.
Evaluation 172 patients of submandibular gland swelling with a case of adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified: a needle in a haystack
Authors: Agarwal Navneet , Ahuja Paridhi , Agarwal Sukriti , Dhawal Ayushi
Published: January 2024

Background: Aim of the study was to assess the patients of submandibular gland pathology and to describe a case of adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (ANOS) of the submandibular gland in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis, line of management and prognosis.
Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective review of all the patients who underwent submandibular gland excision in the last 6 years at the department of otorhinolaryngology, M.D.M. hospital, Dr. S.N. Medical college, Jodhpur. The records were assessed and statistically evaluated.  
Results: Out of 172 cases of submandibular gland excision, only 1 case of ANOS was seen. The rest included 134 cases were of chronic non-inflammatory process, 24 cases of sialolithiasis, 10 cases of metastasis from oral cavity cancer and 3 cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was not diagnostic in ANOS. Excision of the gland with primary closure was done. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given.
Conclusions: ANOS has a rare occurrence in submandibular gland swelling and it is also very tricky to diagnose it. The nature of this malignancy is invasive and nodal metastasis is present. Surgical excision and post-op evaluation can be life-saving.
Assessing intraoperative and postoperative complications associated with tonsillectomy in children: institutional study
Authors: Sharma Himani , Birla Kaveri , Bareja Srijan , Saxena Rohit , Bhati Pooja
Published: January 2024

Background: Tonsillectomy, a common procedure in children aged 2 to 18, aims to improve their well-being and minimize tonsil-related complications. Comprehensive risk assessment pre and post-surgery is crucial. This study analyzed numerous pediatric tonsillectomy cases to enhance our understanding of its safety and identify associated risk factors.
Methods: A 24-month retrospective cohort study focused on 100 children (aged 2-18) who underwent unilateral or bilateral tonsillectomy at Sharda Hospital's ENT Department. Factors like age, gender, and complications during and up to 7 days post-surgery were analyzed.
Results: Gender and age were assessed for their correlation with complications in tonsillectomy patients. No significant correlation was found between gender and intraoperative or postoperative complications (p-values: 0.679584 and 0.822866). The low phi coefficient (1.501E-22) supports this, aligning with the infrequent occurrence of intraoperative complications. Age also showed no significant association with complications (p=0.77216). Postoperatively, 49.11% experienced no issues within 7 days, while common problems included pain/discomfort (31.25%), nausea/vomiting (9.82%), and secondary hemorrhage (5.36%).
Conclusions: This 24-month study on 100 pediatric tonsillectomy cases revealed no significant correlation between gender/age and complications. Postoperatively, the most prevalent issues included pain/discomfort, nausea/vomiting, and secondary hemorrhage, affecting nearly half of the patients.
TIRADS and BETHESDA correlation to histopathological results of thyroid nodules: a case series at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta
Authors: Dhari Sri Wulan , Indrasari Sagung Rai , Herdini Camelia , Yudistira Danu , Bimanto Yulialdi
Published: January 2024

Early diagnosis of thyroid nodules is necessary to identify malignancy before surgery. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) and ultrasonography (USG) are supporting examinations for diagnosing thyroid tumors. There have been several previous studies related to the sensitivity of each investigation compared to postoperative biopsy findings. Both have different diagnostic values, and it is hoped that if these two diagnostic methods are applied before surgery, they will have a higher sensitivity value in determining the type of thyroid nodule compared to a single examination. A single-center retrospective case series study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were obtained from hospital records. This study included six thyroid nodule cases, consisting of three (50%) women and three (50%) men. Patients had the appearance and clinical symptoms of swelling in the neck (100%), of which 50% had symptoms of difficulty swallowing and 16% had symptoms of shortness of breath. Three (50%) patients underwent isthmolobectomy, and 3 (50%) patients underwent total thyroidectomy. Three (50%) patients suspected of approaching malignancy based on TIRADS and BETHESDA underwent total thyroidectomy with postoperative histopathological results of non-malignancy. Three (50%) patients with suspected benign nodules based on TIRADS and BETHESDA underwent isthmolobectomy, with postoperative histopathological results indicating non-malignancy. The concordance of the results of the ultrasound examination (TIRADS) and histopathology of thyroid nodules before surgery (BETHESDA) compared with the results of the postoperative histopathological examination was 50%.
A looped nasogastric tube impacted in nasal cavity: a case report
Authors: Khond Abhishek D. , Mendonca Elton C. , Verma Bhavini , Borewad Ganesh D.
Published: January 2024

Use of nasogastric tubes is a common practice in modern medicine. However, their use entails various complications. At the same time these tubes need regular care and maintenance. Negligence regarding the same can add to the list possible complications. We report a case of an uncared and ignored nasogastric tube in a 22-year-old female which developed a loop and later got impacted in her nasal cavity during tube removal. The patient was referred to the on-call emergency otorhinolaryngology team who attended the patient immediately and assessed this rare complication. Routine tube removal could not be achieved. The tube was then promptly removed by endoscopic guidance under general anaesthesia. The nasal cavity had minimum bleed under endoscopic guidance and removal under vision was achieved. Such cases of nasogastric tube complications underline the importance of tube care as well as the precautions to be taken during their insertion and removal.
Ceruminous adenoma: an unusual mass in external auditory canal: a case report
Authors: Bhat Manali , Vijayendra H. , Vijayendra Vinay Kumar , Mahajan Nilesh
Published: January 2024

Most masses in the external auditory canal (EAC) are either polyps or granulations secondary to an underlying inflammatory process. Less common swellings are exostosis and osteomas, a tumour being quite rare. A middle-aged female presented with a mass in the ear which mimicked a meningoencephalocele. However, further study revealed it to be a benign neoplasm of the ceruminous gland of the EAC-a ceruminous adenoma. The tumour was successfully excised with no recurrence on follow-up. A clinician must keep in mind the differential diagnosis of a mass in the EAC. A thorough examination and radiological investigations help aid in the diagnosis.
Management of a recurrent third branchial arch fistula using combined endoscopic and open approach
Authors: Krishnan Meenu , Kumari Anitha , C. V. Ramani
Published: January 2024

Branchial cleft anomalies are rare, congenital lesions, that occur due to the maldevelopment of the branchial apparatus, during fetal maturation. Anomalies of the third and fourth arch contribute to a very small proportion of these. Most cases are detected in childhood, either as a cyst, sinus or fistula in the neck. Some of the common treatment approaches to third branchial cleft fistulas include endoscopic cauterization, open cervical fistulectomy and, in cases of recurrence, selective neck dissection. Here, we present a case of recurrent branchial fistula of the third arch, wherein we used a combined cervical and intraoral approach, conserving the thyroid cartilage, to achieve a complete excision of the fistula tract.
Evaluating the effectiveness of Baker's procedure in restoring functionality in neglected Achilles tendon injuries
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Sabbir , Shahiduzzaman Muhammad , Hossain M. Shahadat , Rahman Mohammad Anisur
Published: January 2024

Background: Neglected Achilles tendon injuries present a significant challenge in orthopedic practice, often requiring complex surgical interventions for effective treatment. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of patients with neglected Achilles tendon injuries treated using Baker's procedure, a surgical technique designed for complex cases.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted at multiple medical centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 1, 2012, to May 31, 2013. It included 42 patients aged 18 to 60 years with signs of old Tendo-Achilles rupture. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent Baker's Procedure. Postoperative assessments included pain levels, ankle stiffness, calf-muscle weakness, footwear restrictions, range of motion, and patient satisfaction, evaluated using the Juhana Leppilahti modified score.
Result: The majority of patients (85.71%) reported no pain post-treatment, while 14.29% experienced mild pain. Ankle stiffness was absent in 71.43% of the patients and mild in 28.57%. Calf-muscle weakness varied, with 64.29% showing no weakness, 28.57% mild weakness, and 7.14% moderate weakness. Footwear restrictions were minimal, with 92.86% reporting no restrictions. Active range of motion was normal (≤5°) in 64.29% of patients and mildly limited (6-10°) in 35.71%. Patient satisfaction was high, with 71.43% being 'Very satisfied' with their treatment outcomes.
Conclusions: The study demonstrates that Baker's Procedure is an effective surgical intervention for neglected Achilles tendon injuries, leading to significant pain relief, restored functional mobility, and high patient satisfaction. These findings suggest that with appropriate surgical and rehabilitative care, patients with complex Achilles tendon injuries can achieve favorable outcomes, emphasizing the importance of tailored surgical approaches in orthopedic practice.
Transformation of the money market and functions of money in the context of the development of digital technologies: philosophical understanding
Authors: Shvandar K.V.
Published: January 2024

The last decade has been characterized by significant changes in the global financial system. First of all, these changes are associated with the ongoing digitalization and digitalization of all industries, including the financial one. In this paper, the authors prove the thesis that the changes introduced by digitalization in many spheres of economic life have penetrated deep theoretical layers, affecting the theory of money and greatly changing them with the help of cryptography. The emergence of cryptocurrencies, stablecoins and other digital assets and innovative processes is forcing us to rethink the concept of money, its nature and meaning. This article is an interdisciplinary study of the theory of money - on the border of philosophy and economics - which is due to the urgent need to modernize that part of economic theory that has been affected by digitalization, financial technologies and the changes they cause. The authors analyzed the change in the ontological status and the results of this change, and also carried out a philosophical understanding of the impact of the transformation of the money market on the social sphere.
Stochastic stability of an autoresonance model with a center–saddle bifurcation
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics with Computing Centre — Subdivision, Sultanov Oskar
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of stochastic perturbations of the white noise type on the stability of capture into autoresonance in oscillating systems with a variable pumping amplitude and frequency such that a center–saddle bifurcation occurs in the corresponding limiting autonomous system. The another purpose is determine the dependence of the intervals of stochastic stability of the autoresonance on the noise intensity. Methods. The existence of autoresonant regimes with increasing amplitude is proved by constructing and justificating asymptotic solutions in the form of power series with constant coefficients. The stability of solutions in terms of probability with respect to noise is substantiated using stochastic Lyapunov functions. Results. The conditions are described under which the autoresonant regime is preserved and disappears when the parameters pass through bifurcation values. The dependence of the intervals of stochastic stability of autoresonance on the degree of damping of the noise intensity is found. It is shown that more stringent restrictions are required to preserve the stability of solutions for the bifurcation values of the parameters. Conclusion. At the level of differential equations describing capture into autoresonance, the effect of damped stochastic perturbations on the center–saddle bifurcation is studied. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using damped oscillating perturbations for stable control of nonlinear systems.