bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSING OF PROPRIOCEPTIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS AFTER THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT REPAIR
Authors:   First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, ROMANOV DMITRIY A. , GARKAV ANDREY Y. ,   First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, DROGIN ANDREY R. ,   First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, SHISHOVA ANASTASIYA A. ,   First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, KNELLER LEV O. ,   Moscow City clinical hospital No. 67, MOLCHANOV IVAN S. ,   Clinic “K+31”, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Recently, interest has been revived in the primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament, which is largely due to the potential possibility of preserving its proprioceptive function. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the proprioceptive function of the knee joint in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament repair with additional augmentation and to compare the results with similar parameters in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using semitendinosus muscle tendon. Material and methods. 40 patients were evaluated, who were divided into two groups: in group 1 (n=20), due to damage to the anterior cruciate ligament, its repair with additional augmentation was performed; in group 2 (n=20), anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using tendon of the semitendinosus muscle was performed. Proprioceptive function was tested no earlier than 12 months after surgery using the method of active reproduction of passive positioning and the force sense reproduction method. In addition, the functional state of the treated knee joint was compared using the Knee and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and International Knee Documentation Committee questionnaire scales. The significance of differences between the study groups was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test (differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05). Results and discussions. Despite the similar functional outcomes on the questionnaire scales (p>0.05), the patients of group 1 achieved statistically significant better results of the proprioception coefficient for all the methods used in comparison with group 2 (p<0.05). In addition, a comparative assessment of the treated and contralateral healthy joint within the groups showed similar data in group 1 patients (p>0.05) and statistically significant differences in group 2 (p<0.05) also for all methods used. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that the proprioception of the knee joint after anterior cruciate ligament repair is almost identical to that in the contralateral healthy joint and is significantly better than after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus muscle tendon.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, YAKOVLEV ALEXEY V.
Published: June 2024

Abstruct. Introduction. The relevance of the issues of diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction associated with obstructive sleep apnea is determined by the high prevalence of this comorbidity and a significant increase in cardiovascular risks. Promising in clinical practice is the study of the relationship between various genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases and the clinical course of chronic heart failure with obstructive sleep apnea. Aim. The aim is to study the associations of various genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases with variants of the clinical course of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Material and methods. The study included 76 patients – men, who were found to have moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea, arterial hypertension and were overweight. Then all the patients underwent polysomnography, echocardiography and N-terminal fragment of precursor protein brain-type natriuretic peptide level was determined. Polymerase chain reaction was used to assess gene polymorphisms: matrix metalloproteinase-2 (rs243865) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (rs3918242), as well as a six-minute walk test. After 12 months of prospective observation, all patients underwent repeated the six-minute walk test and the variant of the clinical course of the disease was assessed. Results and discussion. According to the results of the analysis, the G/A genotype of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene (rs3918242) was associated with an increase in the risk of unfavorable cardiovascular events by 3.73 times (odds ratio 3.73 (2.18-11.76), p=0.012) and risk of chronic heart failure progression by 5.34 times (odds ratio 5.34 (1.81- 23.12), p=0.001). No reliable associations of genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase-2 with the clinical course of chronic heart failure were found which is consistent with the data of previous studies. Conclusion. The results obtained may indicate a genetically determined predisposition to the progression of heart failure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea with a certain genotype. The data obtained can be useful for stratification of cardiovascular risks and the construction of a personalized treatment strategy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
TRABECULAR BONE INDEX IN ASSESSING THE RISK OF LOW-ENERGY FRACTURES AFTER COURSES OF POLYCHEMOTHERAPY AND AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
Authors:   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Moscow, KITAEVA YULIA S.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one of the few hematologic diseases that is potentially treatable in the current health care setting. The use of cytostatic drugs, glucocorticosteroids, and the young age of disease debut are crucial factors in the development of osteoporosis in this group of patients. Aim. The aim of this work is to study the trabecular bone index to assess the risk of fractures in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma after standard polychemotherapy and polychemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Material and methods. In this study, patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma were evaluated after courses of standard polychemotherapy and polychemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Results and discussion. In the studied groups, there was no decrease in bone mineral density below the age norm. In patients of the studied groups, the T-score in the lumbar spine is statistically significantly lower than in other areas of measurement. The values of bone mineral density and Z-criterion did not differ statistically significantly in the groups. In the groups of polychemotherapy and polychemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, a low risk of fractures was noted in 26 (59%) patients and 25 (57%), respectively, intermediate – in 11 (25%) and 6 (14%) patients, respectively, high – in 7 (16%) and 13 (29%) patients, respectively. Thus, the trabecular bone index appeared to be more sensitive for assessing the risk of low-energy fractures in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The promise of using the trabecular bone index in the diagnosis of osteoporosis has been demonstrated in a number of clinical studies. In groups of patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, the risk of low- energy fractures can be stratified depending on the level of trabecular bone index. According to Russian and international clinical guidelines, all patients at risk of low-energy fractures should receive osteoporosis therapy. Conclusion. The use of the method of determining the trabecular bone index, as an addition to dual-energy absorptiometry, allows more accurate verification of the violation of the microarchitectonics of the bone tissue and assess the risk of low-energy fractures in this category of patients.
ASSESSMENT OF DEXTERITY OF HANDS IN PATIENTS AFTER DECOMPRESSION AND VENTRAL SUBAXIAL FUSION
Authors:   Lipetsk Regional Clinical Hospital, OSOLODCHENKO LEONID V. , TRAVKOV DMITRY A. ,   Lipetsk Regional Clinical Hospital, VERESHCHAKO ANATOLY V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, KOSYGIN VLADISLAV S. ,   Lipetsk Regional Clinical Hospital, POMERANTSEV ANDREY A. ,   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University, STARKIN ALEXANDER N. ,   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Aim. Improving the long-term results of surgical treatment requires not only timely diagnosis, but also self- monitoring of the dynamics of impaired functions on the part of the patient. The aim of the study was to establish the reliability of the test by comparing its results with clinical data and information from electroneuromyography of the upper extremities in patients after decompression-ventral subaxial fusion. Material and methods. The presence of motor disorders reduction or loss of bicipital, tricipital and carporadial reflexes and electroneuromyography data was compared with the results of the method according to patent RU2717365C1 in 27 patients after decompression- ventral subaxial cervicospondylodesis due to diseases and injuries of the cervical spine. Results and discussion. It was found that the test was slowed down in patients with motor deficiency of the upper extremities with a corresponding level of damage to the performed reverse gesture. The same pattern with respect to the decrease or absence of appropriate reflexes, as well as the slowing down of the motor spine system according to the electroneuromyography. Conclusions. The test is quite sensitive and objective, can be recommended to patients for self-control. The use of this method for patients does not cancel the need for planned diagnostic measures and does not replace them. The development of such tests can help improve the selection of rehabilitation measures.
Association of Childbirth and Breastfeeding with Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women
Authors: Kim Seulkee , Ryu So Yeon
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Childbirth and breastfeeding have very important impacts on the mother and fetus. In addition to the reproductive implications, these factors are known to influence chronic diseases in women, such as diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to identify the relationship between childbirth, breastfeeding and prevalence of diabetes in Korean women. Methods: This study was performed a cross-sectional analysis of data for 8,803 women aged 20 years and older who participated in the 8th (2019-2021) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Childbirth was measured by childbirth experience and parity, and breastfeeding was measured by breastfeeding experience and breastfeeding duration, and the relationships to diabetes were tested by controlling for sociodemographic characteristics (Model 1), health behaviors (Model 2), and health status (Model 3). Statistical analysis were conducted using chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: In the final model, childbirth experience and parity were not significantly associated with diabetes. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI) for diabetes was 0.77 (0.57-1.02) for women who had breastfed compared to women who had never breastfed, and the OR (95% CI) for duration of breastfeeding was 0.82 (0.58-1.02), 0.70 (0.50-0.99), 0.90 (0.62-1.30), and 0.66 (0.46-0.94) for 1-11, 12-23, 24-35, and 36 months or more compared to never breastfeeding, respectively. Conclusions: We found a positive association between breastfeeding and diabetes in Korean women, but not childbirth. It is necessary to emphasize the importance and significance of breastfeeding for prevention and management of diabetes.
Effects of Verbal Abuse Experience and Communication Competence on Burnout among Operating Room Nurses
Authors: Byon Yesol , Noh Yoon Goo
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of verbal abuse experience and communication competence on burnout among operating room nurses. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study that tests the relationship between variables. Methods: Subjects were 134 operating room nurses working at one tertiary hospital and two general hospitals with more than 400 beds and data were collected from September 27 to October 17, 2022. The questionnaire included verbal abuse experience, communication competence, and burnout. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression analysis using SPSS WIN 27.0. Results: The mean score of verbal abuse experience was 2.03 ± 0.53, that of physician’s was 2.09 ± 0.54, that of nurses’ was 1.95 ± 0.70, that of communication competence was 3.60 ± 0.50, and that of burnout was 3.29 ± 0.78. Burnout has the positive relationship with the verbal abuse experience (r = 0.51, p < 0.001), whereas a negative correlation was observed with communication competence (r = -0.25, p = 0.003). Factors affecting burnout included verbal abuse experience (β = 0.26, p = 0.001), nursing job satisfaction; not satisfied (β = 0.26, p < 0.001), not healthy (β = 0.26, p = 0.009), nursing job satisfaction; moderate (β = 0.22, p = 0.002), and communication competence (β = -0.16, p = 0.027), with 46.1% explanatory power (F = 10.49, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that verbal abuse experience is factor that exacerbate burnout while communication competence is factor that reduce burnout in nurses. Therefore, a strategy are needed to prevent exposure to verbal abuse violence and improve communication competence.
The Effects of Nursing Students’ Practice Transition Shock, Resilience, and Professional Self-concept on Career Identity
Authors: Ryu Sein
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine of practice transition shock, resilience, and professional self-concept of nursing students and factors affecting career identity. Methods: The subjects of this study were 142 nursing students attending two universities in G city. Data collection was conducted from September 15 to September 30, 2023. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis with SPSS 27.0 program. Results: Career identity was significantly positively correlated with resilience (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) and professional self-concept (r = 0.85, p < 0.001), and significantly inversely correlated with practice transition shock (r = -0.86, p < 0.001). Factor affecting career identity for nursing students were practice transition shock (β = -0.45, p < 0.001), major satisfaction level (β = 0.23, p = 0.001), resilience (β = 0.14, p = 0.039). It showed an explanatory power of 83.1%. Conclusions: The results of this study show the development of programs of major satisfaction, mitigate practice transition shock, and enhance resilience were required to improve career identity among nursing students.
Background Rates of Adverse Events of Special Interest for COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jeong Ah , Won Heehyun , Lim Eunsun , Choi Nam-Kyong
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate background incidence rates (IR) for adverse events of special interest (AESI) associated with COVID-19 vaccines in South Korea. Methods: We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, with IR calculated annually. Eight AESIs including acute myocarditis, acute pericarditis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute transverse myelitis (ATM), encephalitis, anaphylaxis, Bell’s palsy, and lymphadenitis were evaluated. Two operational strategies were implemented: a broad definition using ICD-10 codes for primary or secondary diagnoses to enhance sensitivity, and a narrow definition integrating ICD-10 codes with procedure and drug codes for enhanced accuracy and specificity. IR was calculated by dividing the number of incident cases by the total person-time at risk, with separate analyses by sex and age. Results: During the study period, the incidence of anaphylaxis, Bell’s palsy, and lymphadenitis under the broad definition continued to increase. Under the narrow definition, there were no reported cases of acute myocarditis or Bell’s palsy from 2015 to 2019. Additionally, the incidence rates for acute pericarditis, ADEM, ATM, encephalitis, anaphylaxis, and lymphadenitis were lower than those calculated under the broad definition. Males generally had higher rates, except for Bell’s palsy and lymphadenitis. Most AESIs were more common in individuals aged 65 and older, whereas ADEM and lymphadenitis were higher in children aged 0-19 years. Conclusions: Variability in AESI rates emphasizes the importance of considering definitions and demographics when establishing background rates for surveillance, which is a critical aspect of monitoring vaccine safety.
Un acercamiento a la correlación de imágenes digitales para mediciones de especímenes de mampostería en laboratorio
Authors: Chávez-Gómez Jorge Humberto , Mesa-Lavista Milena , Álvarez-Pérez José , Yépez-Rincón Fabiola D , Valencia-Guzmán Eduardo , González-Alcorta Ricardo
Published: June 2024

El objetivo del trabajo es emplear la técnica de Correlación de Imágenes Digitales (DIC) para analizar los desplazamientos en muretes de mampostería sometidos a compresión axial, sin usar un programa comercial. Se desarrolló un algoritmo empleando el método numérico de Newton Raphson para este propósito. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados con las mediciones del transductor diferencial lineal variable (LVDT), validando la eficacia del algoritmo y comparándolos con estudios previos, con errores aceptables. Este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto en curso en el Instituto de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, estableciendo las bases para futuras investigaciones sobre la implementación de la técnica para la obtención de patologías y estados deformacionales en estructuras de mampostería.
Economía circular en la industria de la construcción por impresión 3D: una solución de diseño, durabilidad, materiales y procesos para lograr la vivienda digna, asequible y sostenible en Nuevo León y México
Authors: Mendoza Rangel José Manuel , Zapata Padilla José Raúl , Anguiano Pérez Francisco David , Velásquez Hernández Mario Iván , Mares Chávez Samuel , Espino Robles Erik Eduardo , Alvarado López Joel Isaac , López Serna Michael Adrián , Mendoza Jiménez José Alberto , Díaz Aguilera Jorge Humberto
Published: June 2024

Mitigar el cambio climático, consiguiendo Vivienda Digna, Asequible y Sostenible (ViDAS) ante la actual crisis económica, requiere una Industria de la Construcción Circular. La impresión 3D de materiales cementantes (I3DMC) es una solución para reducir significativamente emisiones de CO2, materiales utilizados, desechos, mano de obra, accidentes y errores humanos, tiempos y costos, pero alcanzando la resistencia y durabilidad de la construcción convencional. Por estas ventajas, existen diversas empresas de I3EMC en países desarrollados, pero importar esta tecnología a países en desarrollo es poco asequible, la optimización de las tintas cementantes e impresoras 3D está en investigación y México muestra poco desarrollo al respecto. No obstante, el Estado de Nuevo León muestra idoneidad para lograr la construcción de ViDAS con I3DMC.
Machine Learning Predicts Truck Breakdowns in Indonesia with 83% Accuracy
Authors: Rachman Meisya Azzahra , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: June 2024

PT. Varia Usaha Beton, a cement product company, faces frequent breakdowns of mixer trucks, reducing reliability from the target 90% to 60%. This study aims to predict truck breakdowns using a machine learning model based on the K-NN algorithm within the CRISP-DM framework. Data from the company's maintenance records were cleaned and split into training and testing sets. With k=20, the model achieved 90% accuracy on training data and 83% on testing data. These results can help improve maintenance scheduling and resource planning, enhancing truck reliability. Future research should compare other algorithms and consider different programming environments.
Highlights:
 

High Accuracy: K-NN model achieved 90% training and 83% testing accuracy.
Maintenance Aid: Improves scheduling and resource planning for truck maintenance.
Future Research: Compare algorithms and explore different programming environments.

 
Keywords: Predictive Maintenance, Mixer Trucks, K-NN Algorithm, CRISP-DM, Machine Learning
Impact of Coolant and Speed on Stainless Steel with Opening Machining Efficiency
Authors: Alifiana Yesi , Fahruddin A'rasy
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the impact of coolant types (water coolant, cutting oil, and air blow) and rotational speeds on machining outcomes for stainless steel SUS 304 using insert tools on CNC lathe machines. Conducted at PT. WIDJAYA TEKNIK ENGINEERING, a manufacturing company, the research employs experimental methods alongside literature review and field observations. Results reveal significant effects of rotational speed on coolant efficacy, influencing production metrics such as dimensional accuracy, machining time, and surface finish quality. Notably, cutting oil demonstrates superior performance over air blow coolant at specific speeds. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing coolant selection and machining parameters, thereby enhancing production efficiency and product quality in machining processes.
Highlights:
 

Experimental Study: Investigating coolant types and rotational speed on machining outcomes.
Optimizing Production: Enhancing efficiency and quality through coolant and speed optimization.
Industry Insights: Applicable findings for machining stainless steel on CNC lathe machines.

 
Keywords: Coolant types, Rotational speed, Machining outcomes, CNC lathe machines, Stainless steel SUS 304.
Porosity measurement device design and analysis
Authors: Best Cody , Hart Carl , Donnelly Christopher
Published: June 2024

Porosity measurements are necessary to fully characterize the acoustic properties of a porous material. Many methods exist to measure porosity with various limitations. This report details a system based on previous work to limit environmental effects on measurements.
Analisis Kesalahan dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Annurwanda Pradipta , Heni Sutriati
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tipe kesalahan berdasarkan prosedur Newman dan menemukan penyebab terjadinya kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal himpunan berdasarkan gaya kognitif. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan instrumen penelitian tes, angket dan wawancara diberikan kepada subjek sebanyak 12 siswa kelas VII SMPN 03 Sengah Temila. Subjek penelitian dikategorikan menjadi Field Dependent dan Field Independent berdasarkan gaya kognitif siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek dengan gaya kognitif Field Dependent dan Field Independent melakukan kesalahan transformasi, kesalahan proses, dan kesalahan menuliskan jawaban akhir. Hal ini disebabkan karena subjek mengalami kegagalan dalam mengubah soal cerita ke dalam permodelan matematika. Subjek penelitian mengalami kesulitan menuliskan simbol matematika sesuai soal cerita yang diberikan. Oleh karena itu hendaknya siswa lebih sering untuk menghafal rumus dan simbol matematika. Siswa juga dibiasakan untuk mengerjakan soal-soal latihan yang bervariasi agar siswa terbiasa menyelesaikan soal cerita yang beragam.
A geospatial analysis of local intermediate snail host distributions provides insight into schistosomiasis risk within under-sampled areas of southern Lake Malawi
Authors: Reed Amber Lydia , Al-Harbi Mohammad H , Makaulai Peter , Condemine Charlotte , Hesketh Josie , Archer John , Jones Sam , Kayuni Sekeleghe A , Musaya Janelisa , Stanton Michelle C , Stothard J Russell , Fronterre Claudio , Jewell Christopher
Published: June 2024

Background: Along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi, the incidence of schistosomiasis is increasing with snails of the genera Bulinus and Biomphalaria transmitting urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis, respectively. Since the underlying distribution of snails is partially known, often being focal, developing pragmatic spatial models that interpolate snail information across under-sampled regions is required to understand and assess current and future risk of schistosomiasis.
Methods: A secondary geospatial analysis of recently collected malacological and environmental survey data was undertaken. Using a Bayesian Poisson latent Gaussian process model, abundance data were fitted for Bulinus and Biomphalaria. Interpolating the abundance of snails along the shoreline (given their relative distance along the shoreline) was achieved by smoothing, using extracted environmental rainfall, land surface temperature (LST), evapotranspiration, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil type covariate data for all predicted locations. Our adopted model used a combination of two-dimensional (2D) and one dimensional (1D) mapping.
Results: A significant association between normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and abundance of Bulinus spp. was detected [log risk ratio -0.83, 95% CI: -1.57, -0.09]. A qualitatively similar association was found between NDVI and Biomphalaria spp. but was not statistically significant [log risk ratio -1.42, 95% CI:-3.09, 0.10]. Analyses of all other environmental data were considered non-significant.
Conclusions: The spatial range in which interpolation of snail distributions is possible appears less than 10km, owing to fine-scale biotic and abiotic heterogeneities. The forthcoming challenge is to refine geospatial sampling frameworks with future opportunities to map schistosomiasis within actual or predicted snail distributions. In so doing, this would better reveal local environmental transmission possibilities.
An integrated Z-number and intuitionistic fuzzy sets for considering uncertainty in the risk assessment using the SHIPP methodology
Authors: Aliabadi Mostafa Mirzaei , Abbassi Rouzbeh , Moshiran Vahid Ahmadi , kalatpour Omid , Ahmadi Omran
Published: June 2024

Uncertainty presents a challenge in assessing risks, often resulting in outcomes that diverge from reality. System Hazard Identification, Prediction and Prevention (SHIPP), as one of the emerging risk assessment methods, aims to predict and effectively prevent accidents. This study aims to enhance the prediction potential of the SHIPP method by reducing uncertainty by combining Z-numbers and intuitionistic fuzzy logic. The experts' opinions and confidence levels regarding the prior probability of basic events (BEs) were measured using Intuitionistic Z-numbers (IZN). Subsequently, the SHIPP method utilized the obtained results and the actual data on unusual events in the industry to determine the posterior probability of barrier failure and consequences. The practical application of the developed methodology was demonstrated by selecting spherical tanks containing LPG. The results indicated that employing IZN to estimate the prior probability of BEs reduces uncertainty in determining the posterior probability of barrier failure and subsequent consequences. Consequently, enhancing the predictive accuracy of the SHIPP method in estimating the likelihood of unusual events will significantly improve the quality of risk management.
Bacterial bioaerosol at Sewage Treatment Plant in Delhi, India: Characterization and site specific associations
Authors: Jakhar Sunita , Jakhar Jitender Kumar , Hazarika Naba , Das Arunangshu , Singh Anil Pratap , Srivast Arun
Published: June 2024

Microbiological air sampling was performed at six different Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) locations using a six-stage viable cascade impactor to determine the viable mesophilic gram positive and gram-negative bacterial cell count during all seasons, namely the monsoon, post-monsoon, winter, and pre-monsoon. The bioaerosol concentration of gram-positive bacteria ranged from 12±07 to 997±178 CFU m-3 at different sites of STP with peak values in post-monsoon at the aeration tank (997±178 CFU m-3) and lowest values in winter at the final settlement tank (FST). The minimum concentration of gram-negative bacteria was 35±12 CFU m-3 at inlet 1 during the winter season and maximum with 749±126 CFU m-3 at the aeration tank during the post-monsoon season. Univariate ANOVA analysis showed that sampling vs. seasons and sampler stages had the highest individual effect (p=0.000) and no significant interactive effect (p = 0.611) of seasons and stages on gram positive bacterial bioaerosol concentration at inlet 1. The activated sludge treatment facility was the site where highest individual (p=0.000) and interactive effect (p=0.000) were found for gram negative bacterial bioaerosol. The significant higher regression coefficient (R2) values for gram positive and gram-negative bacteria were observed to be 0.866 and 0.915 respectively in the pre-monsoon season between fine and coarse fractions of aerosols. The maximum concentrations for both types of bacteria were found in the respirable size fraction of particles which are less than 4.7 µm in aerodynamic diameter.
Exploring the biosorption of nickel and lead by Fusarium sp. biomass: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic assessment
Authors: Moreira Daniele , Alves Gabriela Souza , Rodrigues João Marcos Madeira , Estevam Bianca Ramos , Sales Douglas Henrique , Américo-Pinheiro Juliana Heloisa Pinê , Vasconcelos Ana Flora Dalberto , Boina Rosane Freire
Published: June 2024

Fungal biomass is a low-cost and sustainable biosorbent used both actively and passively. This study focused on assessing the efficacy of inactivated and dried biomass of Fusarium sp. in adsorbing Ni2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The strain underwent sequenced cultivation and was recovered by filtration. Then, the biomass was dried in an oven at 80 ºC and sieved at 0.1 cm mesh. The biosorbent underwent vast characterization, including analysis of the BET surface area, morphology (SEM), chemical composition (XRF and FTIR), thermal behavior (TGA), and surface charge determination (pH-PZC and zeta potential). The biosorption mechanism was elucidated by examining the fit of equilibrium models to the data, encompassing kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic analysis. The biosorbent exhibited a neutral charge, a rough surface, a relatively modest surface area, suitable functional groups for adsorption, and thermal stability above 200 °C. Optimal biosorption was achieved at 25 ºC, using 0.05 g of adsorbent per 50 mL of metallic ion solution at an initial concentration ranging from 0.5 to 2. mg.L-1 and at pH 5.5 for Pb2+ and pH 6.5 for Ni2+. Biosorption equilibrium was reached after 240 minutes for Ni2+ and 1,440 minutes for Pb2+. The process was spontaneous, occurring primarily through chemisorption, and capable of remove over 85 % of both metallic ions. These findings underscore the potential of inactive and dry Fusarium sp. biomass (IDFB) as a promising material for the biosorption of Ni2+ and Pb2+. Thus, it contributes to the wastewater management and development of sustainable biosorbents, supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outlined in the 2030 Agenda.
Numerical quadrature methods for systems of linear ODEs with constant coefficients
Authors: Lin Fu-Rong , Yang Xi , Zhang Gui-Rong
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we consider high precision numerical methods for the initial problem of systems of linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with constant coefficients. It is well-known that the analytic solution (AS) of the initial value problem for a system of linear ODEs with constant coefficients involves a matrix exponential function, and an integral whose inte-grand is the product of a matrix exponential function and a vector-valued function. We mainly consider numerical quadrature methods for the integral term in the analytic solution. To simplify the discussion, we consider the case where the coefficient matrix is real and symmetric, and compute the corresponding matrix exponential function by using matrix spectral factorization. We propose a product quadrature (PQ) method, including its detailed computational procedure and its convergence analysis. Then the proposed methods are applied to the initial-boundary value problem for a heat conduction equation and a Riesz space fractional diffusion equation, respectively. Applying the central finite difference operator to discretize the second-order space derivative or a weighted shifted Grünwald difference (WSGD) operator to discretize the Riesz space fractional derivative, the initial-boundary value problem for the above mentioned equations is transformed to the initial value problem of a system of linear ODEs with constant coefficients. We then transform the systems of linear ODEs to symmetric ones if necessary. Numerical results presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010) MSC 65M06 · MSC 26A33 · MSC 65M12
Enhanced detection of HER2 through a layer-by-layer strategy using a TiVC MXenes/Au nanocomposite amplified analytical biosensor for precise cancer biomarker monitoring
Authors: Zare Najmeh , Karimi-Maleh Hassan , Zhang Zhouxiang , Wen Yangpin , Zhong Nianbing , Fu Li
Published: June 2024

This research work explores the development and application of layer-by-layer modified electrochemical apta-sensor for the precise monitoring of HER2, a crucial biomarker associated with breast cancer. The surface of the screen-printed carbon electrode was modified with gold nanoparticle (Au-NP) and TiVC MXene catalyst plus Pb2+ loaded aptamer (SPCE/TiVC-MXene/Au NPs/Pb2+-aptamer), which showed a high selectivity and affinity toward HER2 and offered a sensitive detection platform. The MXene nano-layer was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, MAP, EDS, and TEM methods and used as a substrate to improve electrochemical conductivity and loading of biological recognition element. The difference of stripping signals of the Pb2+ from the SPCE/TiVC-MXene/Au NPs/Pb2+-aptamer before and after incubation in HER2 solution was selected as analytical response to achieve a reliable and quantitative analysis for HER2 concentrations. The results demonstrate a linear dynamic range of 1.0–1200 pg/mL for monitoring of HER2 with limit of detection of 50 fg/mL. Agood affinity of fabricated aptasensor to HER2 in the presence some other biomarkers such as PR, ER, and CEA confirmed the selectivity of the fabricated biosensor towards HER2.
On maximum residual block Kaczmarz method for solving large consistent linear systems
Authors: Sun Wen-Ning , Qin Mei
Published: June 2024

For solving large consistent linear systems by iteration methods, inspired by the maximum residual Kaczmarz method and the randomized block Kaczmarz method, we propose the maximum residual block Kaczmarz method, which is designed to preferentially eliminate the largest block in the residual vector rk at each iteration. At the same time, in order to further improve the convergence rate, we construct the maximum residual average block Kaczmarz method to avoid the calculation of pseudo-inverse in block iteration, which completes the iteration by projecting the iteration vector xk to each row of the constrained subset of A and applying different extrapolation step sizes to average them. We prove the convergence of these two methods and give the upper bounds on their convergence rates, respectively. Numerical experiments validate our theory and show that our proposed methods are superior to some other block Kaczmarz methods.
Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Whole-Stomach Esophagectomy with Preoperative Pyloric Balloon Dilatation for Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Experience
Authors: NGUYEN Hoang , PHAM Duc Huan , LUONG Tuan Hiep , NGUYEN Xuan Hoa , NGUYEN Dang Hung , NGUYEN An Khang
Published: June 2024

Introduction. To mitigate gastroparesis as well as other post-operative complications, we undertook a prospective multicenter study to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy in the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic whole stomach esophagectomy with preoperative pyloric balloon dilatation.Methods. A prospective descriptive study on 37 patients with laparoscopic and thoracoscopic whole stomach esophagectomy with preoperative pyloric balloon dilatation from January 2019 to March 2023. The perioperative indications, clinical data, intra-operative index, pathological postoperative specimens, postoperative complications, and follow-up results were retrospectively evaluated.Results. In our study, all patients were male, with choking as the predominant symptom (45.9%). Esophageal cancer incidence was similar between middle and lower thirds. Nodules were the primary finding on esophagoscopy (48.6%). Preoperative pyloric dilation averaged 31.2 minutes without complications. Surgical duration ranged from 225 to 400 minutes (mean 305). Gastric tube fluid volume averaged 148.9 ± 110.66 ml per day. Among 34 post-operative cases underwent gastric circulation scans, most had non-dilated stomachs with efficient pyloric drug circulation. Three cases required prolonged ventilation, precluding pyloric circulation scans. Four patients developed chylous fistula, one requiring chest tube embolization. Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage occurred in 10.8% of cases.Conclusion. After evaluating esophageal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic whole-stomach esophagectomy with preoperative pyloric balloon dilatation, it was found that this procedure is safe, effective, and significantly reduces postoperative gastroparesis and related complications.
Estimation of XCO2 in Rice and Sugarcane Crops with an Ensemble of Wofost and Random Forest
Authors: Laurito Henrique Fontellas , Silva Thaís Rayane Gomes da , Scala Newton La , Panosso Alan Rodrigo , Rolim Glauco de Souza
Published: June 2024

The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air is one of the main factors affecting climate change, which can impact climate zoning and, consequently, agricultural production, affecting food security and the quality of life of people, especially the most vulnerable. Therefore, it is important to monitor and estimate this quantity in agricultural areas. Thus, this study used productivity data (1984–2022) from rice (Oryza sativa) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) areas, from the main producing regions of Brazil, under the hypothesis that the daily XCO2 could be estimated from the ensemble of the WOFOST and Random Forest (RF) models, using remote sensing data as a source of measured XCO2. The results confirmed the hypothesis, with high accuracy (R² > 0.75) for the models under sugarcane and rice cultivation, respectively. The daily total gross assimilation (DTGA) has a negative correlation with the calculated CO2 measured in the atmosphere (ρ=- 0.45, p-value < 0.001). The DTGA profile did not change throughout the historical series. Key factors influencing XCO2 estimates were identified, including water stress and vegetation parameters for sugarcane, and radiation and leaf area for rice. This work contributed to the understanding that climate impacts can exert on agroecosystems, with a focus on XCO2.
Coal Sample Preparation Strategy using the TENCAN GQM series Ball Milling device.
Authors: Gaesenngwe Gaesenngwe , RAGHUPATRUNI PRASAD , MAMVURA TIRIVAVIRI , Danha Gwiranai
Published: June 2024

The application of Semi Autogenous Grinding strategy in mineral beneficiation engineering is well defined and established unit design method that is qualified for liberation of valuable of quality products from numerous rock ores of metals, coal seam, kimberlite ores etc. The TENCAN GQM series Ball Mill equipment was deployed throughout our investigation to investigate on optimum setting factors that are crucial and influential in achieving effective product quality outcome during coal beneficiation by milling operation. Therefore, a Semi-autogenous milling strategy was taken advantage of for the grinding activity that involved five (5) different coal samples and the optimum product stream in the particle size range between [−600μm, +38μm] was researched by an optimized procedure that syndicate three(3) control parameters being the {A − powder filling (fc), B − ball loading (JB) and C − residence time or grinding duration (t)}. Moreover, to understand the grinding kinetics and particle dynamics during interaction that yield a coal mass stream at desirable particle size relevant for target manufacturing companies is of profound interest in our study. Therefore, initially the acquired sample material was gently prepared using splitter equipment, sieve plates and the coal composition was analysed via Thermogravimetric machine and the Proximate results were acquired. To establish contrast amongst the samples, in compositional and coal formational morphology, hardness, and the relative abundance of occurring species were deployed as key factors that influenced the comminution patterns obtained from the trials. Samples that were initially collected assorted in particle sizes classification in a fully heterogenous format grouped as run-of-mine coals (−200mm), Cobbles (−75mm, +40mm), Nuts (−40mm, +25mm), Peas (−32mm, +14mm) and fines (−14mm), scaling via the laboratory sieve standard specifications. However, the acquired coal species were initially subjugated to a hardness testing using the Hardgrove grindability Index device that reported a variable coal grindability index value with material hardness increased from Nuts (60.37), Cobbles (64.58), ROM (66.84), Fines (66.99) to Peas (67.37) which are soft compared to other coal samples. Process engineers, researchers and students in different organizations studying metallurgy and coal beneficiation etc., must be informed about factors affecting coal material preparation innovations and the health-safety risk encounter by the mineral engineer personal during handling and processing. Moreover, production efficacy is significantly improved through adopting optimized model functions that accurately increase the product recovery at lower power rating for the cumulative production path hence relevantly reducing the cost(s) exacerbated by tedious and unnecessary design approaches.
Constraints imply limited future weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Authors: Bonan David , Thompson Andrew , Schneider Tapio , Zanna Laure , Armour Kyle , Sun Shantong
Published: June 2024

Climate models simulate a large spread in the projected weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) over the 21st century. Here, we demonstrate that this uncertainty can be substantially reduced by using a thermal-wind expression that relates the AMOC strength to the meridional density difference and the overturning depth in the Atlantic basin. This expression captures the intermodel spread in AMOC weakening across climate models, with the majority of the intermodel spread arising from overturning depth changes. The overturning depth also establishes a crucial link between the present-day and future AMOC strength. Climate models with a deeper present-day overturning tend to predict greater shoaling under warming. This occurs because their present-day North Atlantic is less stratified, allowing for a deeper penetration of surface buoyancy flux changes, greater density changes at depth, and, consequently, greater AMOC weakening. By integrating observational constraints, we conclude that, regardless of the emission scenario, the AMOC will only experience modest weakening of about 4 Sv by the end of this century. These results indicate that the uncertainty in 21st-century AMOC weakening, and a propensity to predict strong AMOC weakening, can be primarily attributed to climate model biases in accurately simulating the present-day ocean stratification.
Case report: Spontaneous Expansion of an Isolated Posterior Capsule Rupture
Authors: Ma Weifang , Zhou Li , Chen Yuchuan , Liu Yali , Li Yu
Published: June 2024

Background
Isolated posterior capsule rupture following blunt trauma has been seldom reported. Even rarer are cases of blunt trauma wherein spontaneous enlargement of isolated posterior capsule rupture occurs before surgery. In this report, we present a case involving a child with spontaneous dilation of isolated posterior capsule rupture while awaiting surgery, providing valuable insights for clinicians in determining the optimal timing for the operation.
Abstract
We report a case involving the spontaneous expansion following isolated posterior capsule rupture during follow-up after blunt trauma. Although the size of the posterior capsule rupture increased, an intraocular lens was successfully implanted in the capsular bag following conventional phacoemulsification. Importantly, the fibrotic posterior capsule did not undergo further tearing during the operation, and the vitreous body remained intact without anterior segment vitrectomy.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that waiting for posterior capsule fibrosis may prevent further tearing of the posterior capsule during surgery, despite potential variations in the size of the isolated posterior capsule rupture during the waiting period.
The effect of attachment systems and denture cleaning methods on microbial biomass and composition in implant-supported overdentures: an experimental study
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Yang Xin , Wen Bixin , Li Yuqing , Yu Haiyang
Published: June 2024

Objective: This research endeavors to scrutinize the influence of attachment systems and denture cleaning methodologies on microbial biomass and composition within the realm of implant-supported overdentures, a crucial consideration for patients with dentition defects necessitating such prosthetic solutions.
Subjects and methods: Employing five polymethyl methacrylate specimens designed to emulate the fitting surfaces of traditional dentures and implant-supported overdentures. Following the polishing of each specimen and the quantification of its roughness, co-cultivation with three distinct microbial strains ensued, culminating in ultrasonic cleaning in water. The bar-clip group, differentiated by the depth of attachment, underwent cleaning employing four diverse methods. Biomass quantities were meticulously recorded both pre and post cleaning interventions, with subsequent data analysis via t-testing and one-way ANOVA, maintaining a significance level of α = .05.
Results: The bar-clip groups demonstrated an elevated degree of microbial adhesion, with the deeper locator group exhibiting heightened biomass residue post-cleaning, indicative of increased cleaning complexity. Ultrasonic cleaning predominantly targeted biofilm and deceased bacteria, whereas chemical cleaners primarily reduced the quantity of viable bacteria. The synergistic application of ultrasonics and chemical cleaning treatments yielded the minimal biomass residue.
Conclusion: In contemplating the utilization of dentures milled by dental computer-aided design/manufacturing systems, meticulous pre-use surface polishing is imperative. The extent of biofilm adhesion correlates with the chosen attachment system. This study advocates for the incorporation of ultrasonic cleaning in conjunction with chemical cleaning solutions to optimize the removal of biofilm and live cellular entities in the context of implant-supported overdentures.