bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL DALAM TRADISI TEDHAK SITEN SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN IPS MATERI PERUBAHAN SOSIAL BUDAYA KELAS IX DI MTS AL AZHAR KECAMATAN SAMPUNG KABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Anwariyah Arini Zakiyatul , Djuhan M. Widda
Published: July 2023

Pembelajaran IPS selalu berkaitan dengan suatu kehidupan manusia berada pada masyarakat, menyertakan segala tingkah laku, kebutuhannya. Pembelajaran IPS memiliki permasalahan yang dianggap monoton dalam permasalahan materi, sumber Pembelajaran, dan lainnya. MTs Al Azhar Keacamatan Sampung menggunakan Tradisi merupakan kearifan lokal yang berasal dari masyarakat dan dilestarikan masyarakat. Tradisi merupakan solusi yang digunakan sebagai sumber Pembelajaran. Salah satunya adalah Tradisi Thedak siten Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti ini memiliki tujuan yakni berupa. Untuk mengetahui Nilai moral dan nilai agama dalam tradisi tedhak siten sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS terpadu kelas IX di MTs Al Azhar Sampung Ponorogo dan Untuk mengetahui manfaat Nilai-nilai social dalam tradisi tedhak siten sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS Terpadu kelas IX MTs Al Azhar Sampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1). Nilai moral yakni berupa tolong menolong, sikap sabar dan sikap sungguh-sungguh dalam menggapai sesuatu 2). Nilai agama yang terkandung dalam tradisi tedhak siten yaitu menggelar doa bersama dilakukan dengan bentuk syukur kepada Allah dan prosesi anak dipegangkan Al Quran 3). Bermanfaat bagi peserta didik yakni Pembelajaran akan mudah di pahami, Bermanfaat bagi peserta didik dengan membekali nilai sosial yang pada masyarakat sebagai bekal dikehidupan,  pengenalan tradisi.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR IPS TERPADU MELALUI SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION BERBASIS OUTDOOR STUDY
Authors: Mahfirah Afi Radhatul , Arisona Risma Dwi
Published: July 2023

Proses pembelajaran di SMPN 1 Siman Ponorogo yang kurang efektif dan menarik bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya meningkatkan motivasi belajar IPS Terpadu melalui small group discussion berbasis outdoor study. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII 4 SMPN 1 Siman Ponorogo tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Hasil pada penelitian ini, yang bisa diberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang ada yaitu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran small group discussion berbasis outdoor study untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VII, dengan hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwasannya  dengan data angket yang masuk dalam kategori sangat meningkat hanya 9% dari siklus I meningkat jadi 77% pada siklus yang ke II dan dibuktikan lagi dengan lembar observasi yang bisa dilihat bahwasannya tidak ada siswa yang masuk dalam kategori tinggi, setelah melanjutkan siklus ke II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 20 siswa dengan presentase 90%. Dengan demikian penerapan model pembelajaran small group discussion berbasis outdoor study berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu kelas VII di SMPN 1 Siman Ponorogo.
PEMANFAATAN MUSEUM PERJUANGAN JENDERAL SUDIRMAN PONOROGO SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI MTS MA’ARIF AL-ISLAH BUNGKAL PONOROGO
Authors: Susilo Anam , Djuhan M. Widda
Published: July 2023

Museum adalah sumber belajar yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan belajar dan mengajar. Belajar dapat terjadi kapan saja dan dimana saja dan pada setiap orang atau siapa saja tanpa dibatasi tempat, Waktu, dan yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mendeskripsikan kendala-kendala yang dialami dalam pemanfaatan museum, Kedudukan Museum, dan Pemanfaatan Museum. Penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kasus. Subjek penelitian Guru dan Siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. yaitu keingian siswa dan keinginan guru yang masih cukup rendah kendala eksternal yaitu sarana prasarana yang belum memadai, dan petugas yang serta dukungan dari pemerintah belum begitu bagus. Keberadaan Museum sebagai sumber belajar sejarah di MTs Ma’arif Al-Islah Bungkal menjadi hal yang Istimewa dan membawa gairah belarar siswa bertambah dan berbeda karena menyangkut tentang museum yang berada di daerah sendiri yaitu di Ponorogo. Serta menjadikan atmosfer yang berbeda dengan pelajaran yang lain dan sub-bab yang lain karena pada sub-bab mempertahankan kemerdeakaan ini pemanfaatannya kurang maksimal dan kurang adanya dukungan dari pemerintah serta intansi-intansi terkait, dengan adanya dukungan dan dorongan akan menjadikan museum bermanfaat di bidang pendidikan.
EKSPLORASI NILAI TRADISI MUSIK PATROL SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN NILAI KARAKTER SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Ismah Fatdriatun , Asiyah Siti , Mustaqimah Dina , farah Az Zahro Nindia , Nurhayati Alfisyah
Published: July 2023

This study aims to explore and find out the values ​​in the Patrol Music tradition in Gebang. develop potential and collaboration between education and patrol music values. This illustrates the effectiveness of a learning method using one of the media, namely traditional music, besides focusing on collaboration but also with the aim of maintaining tradition so that it is maintained in the times of development. The use of musical culture is observed using qualitative methods where this research produces information through observation, interviews. The results of the study show that the values ​​of patrol music can be applied in the social studies learning process, which can be seen from the existence of togetherness values ​​that are always fostered by community members.

Keywords: Patrol Music, Character, Values
INTERNALISASI NILAI TANGGUNG JAWAB MELALUI MODEL “NAIK PESAWAT YUK” BERBASIS SAINTIFIK PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS TERPADU
Authors: Hikmah Amidal , Dwi Arisona Risma
Published: July 2023

Pendidikan karakter tidak serta merta ada dalam diri setiap individu melainkan perlu ditanamkan dan dikuatkan. Salah satu upayanya adalah dengan menanamkan nilai pendidikan karakter melalui bimbingan seorang guru. Pendidikan karakter yang di tanamkan oleh guru di sekolah bermacam-macam, akan tetapi dalam penelitian ini penulis memilih tentang internalisasi nilai karakter tanggung jawab. Tanggung jawab adalah adalah sikap dan perilaku seseorang untuk melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagaimana yang seharusnya dilakukan, terhadap diri sendiri, masyarakat, lingkungan, negara, dan Tuhan. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru IPS dalam upaya menginternalisasikan nilai karakter tersebut yaitu adalah model pembelajaran “Naik Pesawat Yuk” dengan berbasis saintifik Problem Based Learning. Penelitiian yang saya lakukan ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk internalisasi nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa melalui model pembelajaran “Naik Pesawat Yuk” dengan berbasis saintifik Problem Based Learning pada pembelajaran IPS rerpadu di SMP Negeri 4 Ponorogo(2) Untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat internalisasi nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa melalui model pembelajaran “Naik Pesawat Yuk” dengan berbasis saintifik Problem Based Learning pada pembelajaran IPS terpadu di SMP Negeri 4 Ponorogo dan (3) Untuk mengetahui Bagaimana perubahan sikap tanggung jawab siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran melalui model “Naik Pesawat Yuk” terhadap internalisasi nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa kelas VII pada pembelajaran IPS di SMP Negeri 4 Ponorogo.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi yang menggunakan 3 tahapan teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, model data, dan penarikan kesimpulan agar mendapatkan data yang valid dan reliable.

Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan: (1) Bentuk internalisasi tanggung jawab pada siswa melalui pembelajaran “Naik Pesawat Yuk” itu akan terbentuk ketika siswa menerima pesawat dari temannya entah siapapun itu siswa harus segera menyelesaikan soal yang siswa dapat dari pesawat temannya, keika guru memberikan batasan minimal berapa soal yang harus siswa capai untuk memperoleh skor maksimal. (2) faktor penghambat dan pendukung internalisasi nilai karakter tanggung jawab yaitu waktu pembelajaran yang kurang, dalam hal mengkomunikasikan, siswa kurang PD, dan bahasa yang kurang komunikatif. Sedangkan faktor pendukung dasi model pembelajaran ini yaitu siswa sangat berantusis mengikuti pembelajaran, siswa aktif .(3) perubahan sikap tanggung jawab siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran yang dicapai dengan model “Naik Pesawat Yuk”  siswa rata-rata mendapat nilai tertinngi dengan angka 98 karena yang pertama anak belajar lebih rileks, mereka blajar sambil bermain seperti tanpa beban tapi sebenarnya mereka dibebani dengan capaian skor yang harus diperoleh.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KREATIFITAS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Nofiansah Jefri , Widda Djuhan Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya suatu problem atau masalah di hadapi dalam proses kegiatan pembelajaran di MTsN 3 Ponorogo, yaitu tingkat kreativitas siswa masih rendah. Siswa masih belum bisa untuk mengembangkan ide dan imajinasi yang dia miliki. Dalam proses pembelajaran guru belum menggunakan metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang sesuai sehingga siswa yang diajar masih belum bisa mengeluarkan potensi kreativitasnya denganm baik.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana metode problem based learning mampu menumbuhkan kreativitas anak di MTsN 3 Ponorogo. Dengan menggunakan metode problem basd learning diharapkan mampu menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa pada kelas IX di MTsN 3 Ponorogo.

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan secara langsung dan bertahap oleh peneliti. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX D MTsN 3 Ponorogo. yang berjumlah 16 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Tahap-tahap urutan kegiatan penelitian ada 4 yaitu: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) pengamatan, dan (4) refleksi.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode problem based learning mampu menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa kelas IX di MTsN 3Ponorogo dengan baik. Pada siklus pertama peneliti menemukan hasil yang kurang memuaskan yatu 43%, selanjutnya peneliti memlanjutkan pada siklus II dimana pada siklus II ini nilai yang dihasilkan adalah 61%, karena hasil tersebut masih belum mencapai sasaran nilai maka peneliti melanjutkan pada siklus III dimana pada siklus III ini hasi  yang diperoleh mencapai 82%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran menggunakan problem based learning mampu menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa pada kelas IX di MTsN 3 Ponorogo.
PENGARUH METODE FUN LEARNING DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS TERPADU
Authors: Lestari Neni , Dwi Arisona Risma
Published: July 2023

Tinjauan ini dimaksudkan untuk (1) Menentukan apakah terdapat perbedaan antara menggunakan metode pembelajaran fun learning dan tanpa menggunakan metode fun learning terhadap hasil belajar IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo, (2) menentukan apakah terdapat perbedaan minat belajar siswa yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran fun learning dan tanpa menggunakan metode fun learning siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo, (3) Menentukan apakah terdapat pengaruh antara metode fun learning dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis eksperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimen ) noenquivalent control group desain. Dengan menggunakan independent sample t-test dan regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 2 Ponorogo, terdapat 64 siswa kelas VIII D,E yang menjadi populasi yakni sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kontrol dengan masing-masing terdiri dari 32 siswa. penelitian ini menggunakan tes berupa soal pre test dan post test, dokumentasi dan angket untuk mengumpulkan data. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran fun learning dengan hasil uji  t-test sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Serta terdapat pebedaan minat belajar siswa yang menggunakan metode fun learning dengan hasil uji t-t est sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara metode fun learning dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS terpadu kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo dengan uji regresi linier berganda diperoleh hasil dari Adjusted R Square sebesar 65,3 %. maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dan pengaruh antara metode fun learning dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN IPS TERPADU
Authors: Susilowati Weni , Mufidah Nastiti
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana motivasi belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo; 2) untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo; 3) untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Metode pada penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu angket dan dokumentasi. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 288 siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 32 siswa menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) motivasi belajar siswa tergolong kurang sebanyak 17 dari 32 siswa dengan presentase 53,12%; 2) Hasil belajar siswa tergolong cukup sebanyak 19 dari 32 siswa dengan presentase 59%; 3) Motivasi belajar berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ponorogo tahun ajaran 2021/2022 dengan besar pengaruh 73,1% sedangkan sisanya 26,9% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti.
PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DAN KEDISIPLINAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Winarti Ninuk , Mufidah Nastiti
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pola asuh orang tua berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPS Terpadu, untuk mengetahui apakah kedisiplinan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPS Terpadu, dan untuk mengetahui apakah pola asuh orang tua dan kedisiplinan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPS Terpadu. Pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian yakni expost facto. Peneliti menggunakan angket yang berpedoman pada skala likert dalam pengumpulan data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus statistik yaitu teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana dan regresi linier berganda. Pada penelitian ini populasi berjumlah 285 dan didapatkan sampel berjumlah 72. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu simple random sampling. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pola asuh orang tua berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu yakni 27,4%, dan 72,6% dipengaruhi faktor lain, kedisiplinan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu yakni 27,2%, dan 72,8% dipengaruhi faktor lain, serta pola asuh orang tua dan kedisiplinan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu yakni 36,3%, dan 63,7% dipengaruhi faktor lain
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berupa Audio Visual Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran IPS di SMP
Authors: Sumini Jelly Pratiwi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAK 

Media audiovisual adalah media yang memiliki unsur audio dan visual yang memungkinkan pembelajaran menjadi lebih baik berkat adanya audio dan visual. Keberhasilan media ini terletak pada seberapa banyak alat dan perangkat yang digunakan guru untuk menyampaikan konsep, gagasan dan pengalaman yang ditangkap dalam benak pendengarnya berdasarkan pengertian dan maknanya. Penggunaan media belajar audiovisual disadari oleh permasalahan rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa yang kuranag aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan media audio visual untuk meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS di SMP. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh berasal dari observasi, wawancara, dan literatur.
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP PERILAKU PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Lutfiah Vina , Maunah Binti
Published: July 2023

Academic procrastination can occur among students due to addiction to social media, especially Instagram social media. So that it  impact often delays assignments or homework (PR) on a subject, especially on social studies subjects and a lack of maximum results. Procrastination is the postponement of assignments carried out on types of formal assignments related to academic assignments, for example school assignments and course assignments. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of Instagram social media on students' academic procrastination behavior in social studies subjects at SMPN 6 Tulungagung. This research is a quantitative research with associative. The subjects in this study were 40 students in class VIII F–VIII K. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data analysis method used is Simple Linear Regression with the help of SPSS for Windows 16.0. Based on the data analysis, the regression coefficient value obtained from the simple linear regression test results is 0.544, and the sig = 0.000 (0.000 <0.05) so that it can be said that there is a positive and significant influence between the two variables. Judging from the data value (R) = 0.679 and the R Square value is 0.461. So it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the use of Instagram social media on student procrastination behavior in social studies subjects of 46.1% while 53.9% is influenced by other factors not examined.

Keywords: Influence, Social Media Instagram, Academic Procrastination
PENERAPAN MEDIA AUDIO BERBASIS PODCAST DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Kusuma Diah Tantri  , Sujarwo
Published: July 2023

Berkembangnya teknologi telah berhasil menjangkau berbagai bidang. Salah satu bentuknya adalah pada bidang pendidikan. Terdapat berbagai macam bentuk inovasi pembelajaran berbasis digital pada saat ini. Hadirnya pandemi menjadi momentum lahirnya berbagai inovasi penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis digital yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh. Namun, penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis digital tersebut penggunaannya tidak terbatas hanya pada saat pandemi saja. Salah satunya, yaitu penggunaan podcast yang tetap dapat menjadi opsi penggunaan media pembelajaran yang lebih bervariasi lagi dan dapat diimplementasikan pada kegiatan belajar mengajar, salah satunya pada pelajaran IPS. Untuk memperkuat pemahaman para peserta didik mengenai materi yang dijelaskan oleh guru, maka penggunaan podcast dapat menjadi alternatif untuk memberikan penguatan atas materi yang sudah dijelaskan guru di kelas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis digital, yaitu podcast dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode studi pustaka dengan mencari berbagai sumber yang relevan dengan topik penelitian dalam artikel ini.
Multi-level profiling of the Fmr1 KO rat unveils altered behavioral traits along with aberrant glutamatergic function
Authors: Antoniou Katerina , Ntoulas George , Brakatselos Charalampos , Nakas Gerasimos , Asprogerakas Michail , Delis Foteini , Leontiadis Leonidas , Trompoukis George , Papatheodoropoulos Costas , Gkikas Dimitrios , Valakos Dimitrios , Vatsellas Giannis , Politis Panagiotis , Polissidis Alexia
Published: July 2023

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disabilities and the most prevalent monogenic cause of autism. Although the knockout (KO) of the Fmr1 gene homolog in mice is primarily used for elucidating the neurobiological substrate of FXS, there is limited association of the experimental data with the pathophysiological condition in humans. The use of Fmr1 KO rats offers additional translational validity in this regard. Therefore, we employed a multi-level approach to study the behavioral profile and the glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission status in pathophysiology-associated brain structures of Fmr1 KO rats, including the recordings of evoked and spontaneous field potentials from hippocampal slices, paralleled with next generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We found that these rats exhibit hyperactivity and cognitive deficits, along with characteristic bidirectional glutamatergic and GABAergic alterations in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. These results are coupled to affected excitability and local inhibitory processes in the hippocampus, along with a specific transcriptional profile, highlighting dysregulated hippocampal network activity in KO rats. Overall, our data provide novel insights concerning the biobehavioral profile of FmR1 KO rats and translationally upscales our understanding on pathophysiology and symptomatology of FXS syndrome.
STMN2/NF-κB axis drives tumor growth in thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zheng Jiejun , Chen Xiaolong , Wang Congren , Su Zijian , Cai Shaoyang , Chen Xiangjin
Published: July 2023

Backgrounds: Stathmin 2 (STMN2) is involved in microtubule dynamics and signal transduction. Highly expressed STMN2 has been reported in various tumors. And yet its role in Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) remained unexplored. Methods: The expressed status of STMN2 in pan-cancer including THCA was evaluated using the TCGA and GETx dataset. Furthermore, the association of STMN2 with the clinical phenotypes was visualized based on TCGA-THCA clinical samples. Gene set enrichment analysis (GESA) was used to enrich STMN2-related signaling pathways. The THCA cell proliferation were examined when STMN2 overexpression or knockout. In vivo assays were undertaken to verify the impact of STMN2 knockout on THCA tumor growth. Luciferase reporter assays were conducted to determine whether STMN2 exerted its role through NF-κB signaling pathway. Results: STMN2 expression levels were differentiated in different cancers. We found that STMN2 was richly expressed in THCA patient-derived specimens based on bioinformatics anlaysis. Functionally, STMN2 enforced expression hastened the THCA cell proliferation, while CRISPR-cas9 depletion of STMN2 retarded tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, highly expressed STMN2 increased NF-κB transcriptional activity as well as accumulated IκBa expression in THCA cells, while STMN2 knockout presented an opposite phenomenon. However, PDTC exposure almost abrogated the increased IκBa expression in STMN2-overexpressing THCA cells. Conclusion: we found STMN2 is an oncogenic driver of THCA by activating NF-κB signaling pathway, potentially paving an alternative avenue for THCA management.
Effect of laser abrasive belt processing on surface quality of titanium alloy TC17Effect of laser abrasive belt processing on surface quality of titanium alloy TC17
Authors: Liu Dabin , Deng Zhongcai , Xiao Guijian , Liu Gang , Li Xin
Published: July 2023

Due to its low thermal conductivity, work hardening and other characteristics, titanium alloys are prone to shortcomings such as large cutting force and poor processing quality in the processing process. Laser-assisted grinding (LAG) can significantly improve its processing performance, but the mechanism of synergistic parameters between laser and abrasive belt on surface quality has not been clearly revealed in the laser-assisted belt grinding process. Based on this, this paper proposes a method of laser-belt collaborative processing (LBCP), established a mathematical model of laser and abrasive belt co-processing, and reveals the collaborative processing mechanism. Through the LBCP experiment of titanium alloy TC17, the grinding force, surface morphology, and roughness of titanium alloy TC17 were investigated, and the effect of different collaborative processing factors on the surface quality of titanium alloy was studied. The results show that appropriately increasing the normal pressure will improve the surface quality of titanium alloy. The larger the laser incidence angle, the better the surface quality. Reducing the synergistic distance between the laser and the abrasive belt improves the surface quality. This study provides new ideas for laser-assisted processing of difficult-to-process materials.
Poor Statistical Power in Population-based Association Study of Gene Interaction
Authors: Ma Jiarui , Li Jian , Chen Yuqi , Yang Zhen , He Yungang
Published: July 2023

Background Statistical epistasis, a significant “gene interaction” in genetic association studies, means the nonadditive effects between the polymorphic sites on two different genes affecting the same phenotype. In genetic association analysis of complex traits, nevertheless, the researchers haven’t found statistical epistasis so far.Methods To explore the fundamental reason for this question, this study developed a modeling and computational method focusing on the statistical power and then calculated and compared the statistical power under different hypothesis testing scenarios.Results The results showed that under the parameters of large-scale genetic association analysis like genome-wide association studies, the power of the hypothesis test for detecting the statistical epistasis between different genetic marker genes was close to zero. From the results of this investigation, we can conclude that the lack of statistical epistasis in genetic association studies is an inevitable result owing to the statistical principles of the genetic association studies and the inherent characteristics of the research methods, which cannot be changed by the innovation of technical means.Conclusions It is time-consuming and hopeless to seek for the statistical epistasis in genetic association analysis of complex traits without decomposing complex traits of multiple genes into intermediate traits.
A phosphate-rich marine reservoir in the redox stratified Ediacaran ocean
Authors: Yang Xiuqing , Mao Jingwen , Bowyer Fred T. , Wu Changzhi , Li Rongxi , Zhao Chao , Yang Guowei , Poulton Simon
Published: July 2023

Phosphorus (P) is the key nutrient thought to limit primary productivity on geological timescales, and hence P bioavailability exerted a major influence on Earth surface oxygenation dynamics through the Precambrian, with ensuing implications for biological evolution. Here, we document highly elevated P contents in non-glacial Ediacaran (635 − 541 Ma) iron formations from Northwestern China, with P dominantly occurring as carbonate fluorapatite formed during early diagenesis. These analyses, in combination with marine sediment P contents and phosphorite abundance data, point to a state change in oceanic P concentrations during the Ediacaran, which we attribute to enhanced recycling from marine sediments under redox stratified conditions. Subsequent elevated rates of primary productivity and organic carbon production may have sustained the contemporaneous first appearance of complex deep marine habitats, and would have increased the extent and stability of surface water oxygen concentrations, leading to conditions conducive to the subsequent evolution of more complex animals.
Refeeding Syndrome in Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report
Authors: Bagheri-Josheghani Sareh , Saba Mohammadali , Ziloochian Azam
Published: July 2023

Background
Refeeding syndrome (RS) could be a serious and deadly complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). This disease is associated with electrolyte abnormalities and organ damage, which occurs with a transition from a long-term catabolic to an anabolic state, especially with excessive nutrient intake.
Case presentation
This is a case report of a 21-year-old girl admitted to Beheshti hospital in Kashan, Iran, with general fatigue, secondary amenorrhea, aggression, and constipation. Based on clinical signs and DSM-5 criteria, the patient was diagnosed with serious anorexia nervosa (AN). She was carefully taken care of, and particular attention was paid to her food. Heart failure, hypophosphatemia, and hypokalemia occurred in spite of careful treatment. Laboratory examinations and clinical signs revealed refeeding syndrome. To treat refeeding syndrome, a 40 kcal/kg regimen was prescribed for the patient. She was carefully treated, and special attention was paid to prevent early dehydration syndrome, so that her body weight and electrolyte condition increased satisfactorily.
Conclusions
Therefore, strict adherence to recommendations and careful monitoring of refeeding should always be taken into consideration when feeding patients with AN.
Charon Coins Found in Parion Chamber Tomb 5
Authors: OYARÇİN FATMA KIZILYALÇIN , MERAL KORKMAZ
Published: July 2023

The subject of this article is the Charon coins found in Chamber Tomb 5 in the Eastern Necropolis of Parion. Fourteen coins belonging to Coela (2), Perinthos (1), and Parion (11) were found in Parion Chamber Tomb 5, where 33 individuals were buried. There is a wide date range of about three centuries between the earliest and latest mints of the 14 Charon coins found in Chamber Tomb 5. All 14 Charon coins dated between 45 BC and 253–268 AD are Roman provincial coins. The first remarkable point about the 14 coins found in Room Tomb 5 is that 11 are Parion’s own mints. An analysis of the Charon coins found in the other Chamber Tombs and Necropolis areas in Parion revealed that almost 90% of the coins are Parion’s own mints. This indicates that the Parionites mostly preferred to leave their own coins in the tomb as Charon coins. Another remarkable point about the coins of Parion Chamber Tomb 5 is that although the coins represent a period of three centuries, the coins of Iulius Caesar and Claudius I, which are the earliest dated coins found in the tomb, were quite worn compared to the other coins. Therefore, these coins may have been placed in the tomb after being in circulation for a long time. Except for these two coins, the other coins found in Chamber Tomb 5 are dated between the reigns of Antoninus Pius and Gallienus. When the anthropological, archaeological and numismatic data from Chamber Tomb 5 are evaluated together, it becomes evident that 33 individuals were buried in the tomb at different times over about a century.
Classification of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) genotypes according to different usage purposes and further breeding objectives
Authors: Durul Melekber Sulusoglu , Mertoglu Kerem , Korkmaz Nazan , Esatbeyoglu Tuba , Bulduk Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

During the pandemic period, the interest in not well-known, colourful wild small fruits has increased due to their positive health effects. Within the context of the current study, eleven genotypes of the rosehip, one of these fruits, grown in nature from seeds were characterized in terms of their horticultural characteristics. As a result; fruit width, fruit length and fruit weight were found to vary between 12.96–17.25 mm; 20.74–25.49 mm and 1.39–2.72 g, respectively. While citric acid was determined as the main organic acid in all the genotypes investigated, the mean values of the examined organic acids obtained from all the genotypes were found to be as follows; citric acid (7177 mg L− 1)>, malic acid (3669 mg L− 1) > tartaric acid (1834 mg L− 1) > oxalic acid (1258 mg L− 1) > carboxilic acid (631.9 mg L− 1) > shikimic acid (157.8 mg L− 1) > ascorbic acid (155 mg L− 1) > acetic acid (20.9 mg L− 1). Ellagic acid is the dominant phenolic, measured at high levels (90.1–96.24 mg L− 1) in all the genotypes. Genotypes are categorized according to different purposes such as suitable for wine, vinegar making etc. While the pomological characteristics were determined in a high level of positive correlation among themselves, they were generally found to be negatively correlated with the phytochemical characteristics. It is thought that genotypes categorized according to different usage purposes can contribute to rosehip agriculture, industry and breeding.
Analysis of key factors affecting maize tassels detection and construction of shared dataset based on UAV
Authors: Zan Xuli , Gao Xiang , Liu Diyou , Liu Wei , Xing Ziyao , Zhang Xiaodong , Liu Zhe , Di Suchuang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Li Shaoming
Published: July 2023

Background Rapid and accurate detection of tassels is of great significance for maize breeding, seed production and the acquisition of key growth stage. To liberate manpower and improve the efficiency of production management, many automatic detection methods with acceptable accuracy have been proposed. However, images acquisition parameters of these methods were quite different, so they cannot provide an operable standard for practical applications. In this study, based on multi-temporal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) RGB images with maize flowering stage, we created UAV Maize Tassel Detection (UAVMTD) dataset, and used Faster R-CNN to answer what are the key factors affecting detection accuracy from two aspects of efficient use of samples and data acquisition standards. Based on the detection results, we estimated tasseling date of different plots and analyzed varieties’ differences.
Results The results show that model performance would not be greatly affected before the amount of training data changed by orders of magnitude, but it can be improved effectively by adjusting sub-images’ sizes, and the final model was selected with AP@0.5IOU was 0.916; images obtained at 12 pm were more suitable for tassels detection, AP@0.5IOU, recall and precision were 3%, 2% and 6% higher than that at 8 am; optimal spatial resolution was around 1cm for tassels detection by considering the recognition effect and data acquisition efficiency.
Conclusions This study analyzed key factors affecting maize tassels detection and provided a reasonable reference for future applications, which is helpful to screen out varieties from large-scale breeding materials.
Sequential Analysis of Quetta Watershed Using Machine Learning Tool
Authors: Imtiaz Kinza , Urooj Rabail , Bahadur Anila , Kakar Nafisa , Ehtasham Laraib
Published: July 2023

The changes in land use and land cover are the most considerable factors for the decision makers, which can be precisely evaluated by using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) technique. The present study was carried out in the Quetta Basin Watershed for evaluating the land use change of two decades during 1999-2009 and 2009-2018, using the Landsat imageries. The main land use types of study area include water body, agriculture, vegetation, barren and built-up land area. All these land use types were mapped for each time period. The technique of hybrid classification was used for the classification of the imageries by using ISODATA and Maximum Likelihood Algorithm (MLA) in ERDAS Imagine software 2011 v, while change detection maps of different land use land cover classes was generated by using the ArcGIS 10.2 v. The finding of study indicated that widespread and significant changes has occurred in study area during two decades in which remarkable increase occur in built up and vegetation land area, on the other hand reduction was observed in water body, barren and agriculture land area from year 1999 to 2018. During the whole study period, major land shifting was observed in agriculture to vegetation and vegetation to barren. The transformation in land cover use may pose severe risk to watershed resources. Therefore, proper management, effective conservation plans and strategies are necessary to designed for the protection of this natural resource.
Causal association between oral disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Wu Fanye , Cao Mingzhe , Zeng Minghui , Wang Liqing , Chen Zejun , Li Zhengran , Sun Yuxin , Zhang Ziran , Wang Zijin , Wu Tong , Meng Fanke
Published: July 2023

Background
The association between oral diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been revealed by many epidemiological studies in clinical aspects. Therefore, we elucidate genetic relationships using Mendelian randomization (MR) in this study.
Method
We utilized MR analysis with summary datasets from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the causal relationship between COPD and 12 oral traits such as periodontitis and denture and ensured that there were no confounders like smoking, and every F-value was greater than 10. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was applied with MR analysis as the primary outcome. Additionally, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed by MR-PRESSO methods, and the heterogeneity was detected using Cochran's Q statistics.
Result
This study found a significant causal effect of implant dentures on COPD by univariate and multivariate MR (OR = 1.077, 95%CI = 1.044 ~ 1.111, p_adjust = 6.58E-05). Although univariate MR showed that excessive attrition of teeth had a significant causal effect on later COPD (OR = 1.061, 95%CI = 1.020 ~ 1.104, p_adjust = 0.037), this causal relationship was not found in multivariate MR. This study found no significant effect of periodontitis on COPD (p > 0.05), either acute or chronic.
Conclusion
Our MR Analysis findings suggested that implant dentures and excessive attrition of teeth significantly promotes the risk of COPD and elder COPD, respectively. However, the evidence for a causal relationship between periodontitis and COPD is still insufficient and previous studies may have been affected by confounding factors.
Tribological study of Ni-Cr-5Al2O3 thermal spray coating: A comparison of post processing techniques
Authors: Garg Mayank , Grewal Harpreet S. , Arora Harpreet S.
Published: July 2023

Engineering materials are known to show degradation in terms of tribo-corrosion characteristics in marine environment. The concurrent increase in erosion and corrosion resistance can make them more appealing for structural applications. The thermal spray coatings are typically used to mitigate the degradation of structural components. Although, the microstructure of as-sprayed coating indicates inconsistency in the form of distinct splats and elemental segregation. Furnace annealing, microwave processing and stationary friction processing (SFP) are performed to improve the non-homogeneous microstructure of the thermal spray coating. SFP has several attractive properties to refine the grain structure and reducing the defects density on the surface. Therefore, SFP has been explored as a surface modification technique for thermal spray coating with an aim to enhance the performance of the processed coating. Slurry erosion and erosion corrosion tests are conducted on as-sprayed and processed coatings at normal and oblique impingement angle. Erosion rate of SFPed sample is comparatively lower than that of the as-sprayed, furnace annealed and microwave processed samples in both slurry erosion and erosion corrosion. Furthermore, the SFPed coating indicated least corrosion rate as compare to furnace annealed, microwave coating and as-sprayed coating.
Reversible data hiding in encrypted images with multi-prediction and adaptive Huffman encoding
Authors: Ren Hua , Yue Zhen
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development of network technology and the massive accumulation of user data, huge amounts of data are being rapidly generated and shared on the network, while the problems of unauthorized data access and misuse continue to emerge. Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) is a privacy-preserving method that embeds protected data into encrypted content and accurately extracts the embedded data without affecting the original content. However, the amount of embedded protected information has always been one of the major constraints on the performance and application of RDHEI. Currently, the main approaches to improve the net embedding capacity of RDHEI are to increase the total embedding capacity or to reduce the length of the auxiliary information to be embedded. In this paper, we propose a novel RDHEI scheme based on multi-prediction and adaptive Huffman encoding. To increase the total embedding capacity, we use the MED + GAP predictor to generate the label map data of non-reference pixels before image encryption. Then, an adaptive Huffman coding is designed to compress the generated labels to reduce the embedding length of the auxiliary information used for extraction and recovery. Experimental results show that with MED + GAP predictor and adaptive Huffman coding, the proposed method achieves a higher embedding capacity than other recent methods while ensuring security and reversibility.
Molecularly imprinted polymers with ionic liquid as the functional monomer for selective solid-phase extraction of gastrodin
Authors: Zhao Congcong , Li Jin , Zuo Zhenyu
Published: July 2023

Gastrodia elata is a famous traditional herb. It is a challenging task to efficiently separate the active ingredient Gastrodin (p-hydroxymethylbenzene-β-D-glucopyranoside) from gastrodia elata by simple procedure. According to the results of computer molecular simulation & UV-vis spectroscopy, water-soluble 1-vinyl-3-tetradecylimidazole bromide([C14VIM+] [Br−]) was selected as the best ionic liquid functional monomer compared with methacrylic acid(MAA), acrylic acid(AA), 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-1-vinylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid (imidazole propionate, [COOHpvimBr]) and dehydroabietic acid [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] ester (DAAEE). The force between [C14VIM+] [Br−] and GAS (with multiple hydroxyl groups) is stronger than other monomers with more polar groups. The molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) and non- molecular imprinted polymers (NIPs) with high selectivity to gastrodin(GAS) were synthesized utilizing ([C14VIM+] [Br−]) as a novel functional monomer. In addition, surface molecular imprinted polymers (SMIPs) and surface non- molecular imprinted polymers(SNIPs) supported on silica gel were also prepared. These polymers were characterized by infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope, specific surface area tester and thermosgravimetric analyser(TGA). The adsorption performance of the MIPs and NIPs was investigated by adsorption kinetics experiment and static adsorption experiment. By Molecular Imprinting-SPE extraction(HPLC), the content of gastrodin in eluent (70% ethanol) was significantly increased compared with it in plant extract, which is better than that of SMIPs-SPE. The recoveries of the spiked samples for the GAS ranged from 97.75-103.43% with relative standard deviation values lower than 2.88%. The molecular imprinted polymer was a potential separation material for gastrodin.
Caspase-1 - mediated pyroptosis plays an important role in neuroinflammation induced by Pseudorabies Virus
Authors: tian ang , guan shuaiyin , Li zhen , ye jing , chen huanchun , cao shengbo , song yunfeng
Published: July 2023

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the harmful diseases in the pig industry. The virus is highly infectious and pathogenic, pigs, mice, rabbits and most mammals can be infected and cause severe neurological symptoms. Nevertheless, the underlying pathogenesis related to PRV remains unclear, especially in nerve infection. In order to find out the cause of neurological symptoms caused by PRV, in this study, N2a cells were infected with PRV (MOI = 0.5), Western blot and qRT-PCR methods were used to detect the protein and mRNA level factors of pyroptosis. PI staining was used to detect the integrity of cell membranes. Results showed that mRNA levels of Caspase-1, GSDMD, NLRP3, ASC, IL-18, and IL-1β were significantly increased. The activation of Caspase-1 protein caused the cleavage and release of the N-terminal end of GSDMD protein. PI staining and the increase of LDH release demonstrated the incompleteness of the cell membrane. This study demonstrates that the neurological symptoms caused by PRV infection are neuroinflammatory caused by pyroptosis and that Caspase-1/GSDMD is a key factor in triggering pyroptosis. This study provides new ideas to study the molecular mechanisms of neurological symptoms caused by PRV infection and giving a new avenue for the treatment of PRV.
Effects of micronutrients added to low-fishmeal diet on muscle composition, flesh quality, and antioxidant capacity of Largemouth bass
Authors: Li Haoming , Chen Liutong , Zhao Tengfei , Gong Shunlian , Liu Baowei , Yang Huijun , Xie Shiwei
Published: July 2023

This study was to evaluate the impacts of micronutrients added to low-fishmeal diet on the flesh quality and immune response of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Two diets (FM48 and FM32) were formulated with 48% and 32% fishmeal, respectively, micronutrients (Zn, Mn, Se, VB12 and niacin) were added in FM32 to formulated the LFM diet. Largemouth bass with an initial weight of 12.65 ± 0.04 g were fed with three diets for eight weeks. The results showed that the feed coefficient rate of the shrimp in LFM group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups. There were no significant differences in muscle moisture, crude protein and crude lipids content among the three groups. The activity of muscle superoxide dismutase in the LFM group and FM48 group was significantly higher than that in the FM32 group. Zn content was highest in the muscles of FM48 group, and Se was higher in the muscles of the LFM group than that in the FM48 and FM32 groups. The results of histological analysis showed that the density of muscle fibers was improved after the addition of micronutrients. RT-qPCR results suggested that the expression of ribosomal protein, mammalian target of rapamycin, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein1 in the FM48 group were significantly higher than those in the FM32 group and LFM group. The expression of myogenic differentiation 1 was significantly upregulated in the LFM group, which was significantly higher than that in the FM48 and FM32 groups. The expression of tumor necrosis factorαwas significantly upregulated in the shrimp of LFM group compared with those in other groups. These results showed that the addition of micro-nutrients in low fishmeal diet did not affect the growth of largemouth bass, while increase the contents of Mn and Se in the muscle, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, promoted the proliferation of muscle fibers of largemouth bass.
Intracerebral Transplantation of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Functional Recovery in a Rat Model of Chronic Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Myers Max I. , Hines Kevin J , Gray Andrew , Rosenwasser Robert , Iacovitti Lorraine
Published: July 2023

While treatments exist for the acute phase of stroke, there are limited options for patients with chronic infarcts and long-term disability. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (alloMSCs) show promise for the treatment of stroke soon after ischemic injury. There is, however, no information on the use of a) autologous MSCs (autoMSCs), b) delivered via intracerebral transplantation c) in rats with a chronic infarct. In this study, rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce stroke followed by bone marrow aspiration and MSC expansion in a closed bioreactor. Four weeks later, brain MRI was obtained and autoMSCs (1x106, 2.5x106 or 5x106; n = 6 each) were stereotactically injected into the peri-infarct and compared to controls (MCAO only; MCAO + PBS; n = 6–9). Behavior was assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS). For comparison, an additional cohort of MCAO rats were implanted with 2.5x106 alloMSCs generated from a healthy rat. At all doses of autoMSCs, sensorimotor function significantly improved by over 64% 60 days later while alloMSCs improved only 29.2%, similar to that in PBS control animals. Quantum dot labeled auto/alloMSCs were found exclusively at the implantation site throughout the post-transplantation period with no tumor formation on MRI or Ki67 staining in engrafted MSCs. Small differences in stroke volume and no differences in corpus callosum width were observed after MSC treatment. Stroke-induced glial reactivity in the peri-infarct was long-lasting and unabated by auto/alloMSC transplantation. These studies suggest that intracerebral transplantation of autoMSCs, but not alloMSCs, may be a more promising treatment in chronic stroke.