bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manifestações bucais em pacientes internados na UTI de um hospital público
Authors: Souza Stephanie Lessa de , Costa Silvania Moraes , Prado Fabio Ornellas
Published: June 2023

Introdução: durante a permanência em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs), os pacientes internados apresentam maior vulnerabilidade a alterações na cavidade oral decorrentes do uso de equipamentos de respiração artificial e do estado imunocomprometido em que se encontram. Objetivo: identificar as principais manifestações bucais em pacientes internados em uma UTI bem como verificar o conhecimento dos profissionais responsáveis pela higienização bucal. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo descritivo com delineamento transversal. Os dados foram obtidos nos prontuários médicos dos pacientes e através de um exame clínico intraoral. Para os profissionais responsáveis pela higiene bucal, foi utilizado um questionário. As análises foram realizadas no programa SPSS versão 21.0 de forma descritiva. Resultados: as manifestações bucais com maior incidência foram saburra lingual, biofilme dentário, candidíase, devido a qualidade da higiene bucal prestada e a baixa imunidade. Os achados bucais e sistêmicos relacionados aos pacientes com maior tempo de internação foram ressecamento labial, queilite angular, língua despapilada, candidíase e pneumonia. Todos os profissionais responsáveis pela higienização bucal dos pacientes tinham formação técnica em enfermagem e desconheciam alterações importantes como biofilme dentário e pneumonia nosocomial. Conclusão: os dados deste estudo permitem concluir que apesar da constância com que é realizada a higienização bucal, verifica-se alta frequência de lesões bucais nos pacientes críticos da UTI. Evidenciando o papel da assistência da higienização bucal de qualidade, destacando a importância da atuação do cirurgião dentista em equipes multiprofissionais, visto que o risco de focos infecciosos bucais pode contribuir para o agravo e piora do quadro clínico dos pacientes.
Práticas alimentares de professores da educação básica de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Zanella Laura , Alves Ana Luisa  Sant'Anna , Kümpel Daiana Argenta , Miri Eduarda
Published: June 2023

Introdução: no Brasil, é possível identificar mudanças nas práticas alimentares nas últimas décadas, alimentos tradicionais como arroz e feijão perderam a importância e foram substituídos por alimentos prontos para o consumo. Objetivo: diante disso, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as práticas alimentares de professores da rede municipal de educação de Passo Fundo, RS. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo transversal com professores de ambos os sexos da rede municipal de educação. Os professores foram convidados a participar do estudo por meio de correio eletrônico da prefeitura municipal. A coleta de dados foi mediante formulário eletrônico com questões sobre condições sociodemográficas, saúde e práticas alimentares Resultados: foram avaliados 108 professores, a média de idade foi de 42,81 anos (DP=8,85) e 95,4% eram mulheres. Em relação às práticas alimentares, observou-se que 68,7% (n=71) apresentaram práticas alimentares satisfatórias, sendo que a média de pontuação foi de 45,46 (DP=8,33). Conclusão: apesar do elevado percentual de práticas alimentares excelentes, observa-se práticas alimentares inadequadas que podem contribuir para a ocorrência de excesso de peso ao longo do tempo.
A Neural Network Model to Estimate the Clogging of Ash Mixed Sand Filter
Authors: Lee Byungsik
Published: June 2023

Infiltration filters of LID facilities are frequently confronted with clogging of pores by contaminants. To avoid malfunctioning of LID facilities, filters should be maintained according to the degree of clogging. In this study, clogging was characterized by curves representing the correlation between infiltration rate (Q) and infiltration quantity (IR). To estimate the degree of clogging, a regression neural network model was developed to estimate the label (infiltration quantity) corresponding to the selected features (ash mix ratio, infiltration rate, and variation of infiltration rate). According to the results obtained from the evaluation of accuracy and applicability of the final model trained over the whole training dataset, the following conclusions were drawn: 1) the training of the final model was verified to be correct according to mean absolute errors of 0.00445 and 0.00491 for the training and test datasets, respectively; 2) the final model could be applied to estimate multiple, multivariate clogging curves for arbitrary ash mixing ratios and trained range of time series in terms of infiltration rate; 3) given that the final model could not estimate the clogging curve for future time steps for which the model was not trained, a CNN model or LSTM-RNN model are suggested as an alternative.
A Study on the Improvement of South Korea’s Volunteer Fire Brigade System through the Case of the US
Authors: Sung Gihwan , Choi Heecheon
Published: June 2023

Research on the development of volunteer firefighter systems has highlighted limitations of the South Korean system. These are categorized by a lack of community disaster safety service activities, disaster response cooperation networks, and support to revitalize volunteer firefighters. The US has 676,900 (65%) volunteer firefighters, and their qualifications are similar to full-time firefighters. The National Volunteer Fire Council is self-reliant, and plays practical roles for volunteer firefighters. Various grant programs for volunteer fire brigades are active. Based on the US case, implications for developing Korea’s system include recruiting young talent for sustainability, improving practical education and training systems, strengthening support for volunteer firefighters’ activities, and developing centralized standardization and support programs.
A Unifying Perspective of Common Motifs That Occur across Disparate Classes of Materials Harboring Displacive Phase Transitions
Authors: Grünebohm Anna , Hütten Andreas , Böhmer Anna E. , Frenzel Jan , Eremin Ilya , Drautz Ralf , Ennen Inga , Caron Luana , Kuschel Timo , Lechermann Frank , Anselmetti Dario , Dahm Thomas , Weber Frank , Rossnagel Kai , Schierning Gabi
Published: June 2023

Several classes of materials manifest displacive phase transitions, including shape memory alloys, many electronically correlated materials, superconductors, and ferroelectrics. Each of these classes of materials displays a wide range of fascinating properties and functionalities that are studied in disparate communities. However, these materials’ classes share similar electronic and phononic instabilities in conjunction with microstructural features. Specifically, the common motifs include twinned microstructures, anomalies in the transport behavior, softening of specific phonons, and frequently also (giant) Kohn anomalies, soft phonons, and/or nesting of the Fermi surface. These effects, phenomena, and their applications have until now been discussed in separate communities, which is a missed opportunity. In this perspective a unified framework is presented to understand these materials, by identifying similarities, defining a unified phenomenological description of displacive phase transitions and the associated order parameters, and introducing the main symmetry‐breaking mechanisms. This unified framework aims to bring together experimental and theoretical know‐how and methodologies across disciplines to enable unraveling hitherto missing important mechanistic understanding about the phase transitions in (magnetic) shape memory alloys, superconductors and correlated materials, and ferroelectrics. Connecting structural and electronic phenomena and microstructure to functional properties may offer so‐far unknown pathways to innovate applications based on these materials.
Photoactivated DNA Assembly and Disassembly for On‐Demand Activation and Termination of cGAS‐STING Signaling
Authors: Yu Fangzhi , Li Xiangfei , Zhao Jian , Zhao Yuliang , Li Lele
Published: June 2023

Despite significant progress in DNA self‐assembly for interfacing with biology, spatiotemporally controlled regulation of biological process via in situ dynamic DNA assembly remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we report an optically triggered DNA assembly and disassembly strategy that enables on‐demand activation and termination of the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS)‐stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. In the design, an activatable DNA hairpin is engineered with a photocleavable group at defined site to modulate its self‐assembly activity. Light activation induces the configurational switching and consequent self‐assembly of the DNA hairpins to form long linear double‐stranded structures, allowing to stimulate cGAS protein to synthesize 2′,3′‐cyclic‐GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) for STING stimulation. Furthermore, by endowing the pre‐assembled DNA scaffold with a built‐in photolysis feature, we demonstrate that the cGAS‐STING stimulation can be efficiently terminated through remote photo‐triggering, providing for the first time a route to control the temporal “dose” on‐demand for such a stimulation. We envision that this regulation strategy will benefit and inspire both fundamental research and therapeutic applications regarding the cGAS‐STING pathway.
The role of community college leaders in developing a transfer sending culture for Latinx students
Authors: Viramontes José Del Real
Published: June 2023

This chapter provides community college leaders with recommendations to develop a transfer sending culture for Latinx students who want to pursue a pathway to a 4‐year college/university. Community college leaders can create a transfer sending culture for Latinx students by standardizing a transfer process so that all Latinx students who aim to transfer can do it efficiently and in a timely manner.
Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalyzed Regioselective 1,4‐Hydroalkylation of 1,3‐Enyne
Authors: Hou Hong , Pan Yingjie , Sun Yuejie , Han Ying , Yan Chaoguo , Shi Yaocheng , Zhu Shaoqun
Published: June 2023

Described herein is a visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed regioselective 1,4‐hydroalkylation of 1,3‐enynes. Various of di‐ and tri‐substituent allenes were really accessible under the present reaction conditions. The visible‐light photoredox activation of the carbon nucleophile to generate its radical species, allowing the addition with un‐activated enynes. The synthetic utility for the present protocol was demonstrated by a large‐scale reaction, as well as the derivatization of the allene product.
Dimetal‐Binding Scaffold 2‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)imidazo [1,5‐b]pyridazine‐7‐ylidene: Synthesis of Trinuclear Heterobimetallic Complexes Involving Gold‐Metal Interactions
Authors: Kitabayashi Akito , Ono Yuriko , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Sawamura Masaya , Higashida Kosuke
Published: June 2023

As a dimetal‐binding rigid scaffold, 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)imidazo[1,5‐b]pyridazine‐7‐ylidene was introduced. The scaffold was first converted into a meridional Au,N,N‐tridentate ligand through binding of a Au(I)Cl moiety at the carbene center. The Au(I) center and the N,N‐chelating moiety were expected to function as metallophilic and 4e‐σ‐donative interaction sites, respectively, in the binding of the second metal center. In this manner, various trinuclear heterobimetallic complexes were synthesized with different 3d‐metal sources, such as cationic CuI, CuII, NiII, and CoII salts. SC‐XRD analysis showed that the mono‐3d‐metal di‐gold(I) trinuclear heterobimetallic complexes were constructed through gold(I)‐metal interactions. Metallophilic interactions were also investigated by quantum chemical calculations including the AIM and IGMH methods.
Assessment of drought tolerance of sesame germplasm with agronomic and quality traits
Authors: Qureshi Moin , Arslan Mehmet , Golukcu Muharrem , Bera Sandip K. , Uzun Bulent , Yol Engin
Published: June 2023

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a summer crop and its production is threatened by drought stress (WS) due to increased aridity and higher temperature worldwide. Breeding sesame accessions that are more tolerant to WS is therefore highly important for sustainable seed production. Here, 21 accessions representing 12 sesame‐growing countries were evaluated with yield and quality traits under two different water‐regime treatments as non‐stressed (NS) and WS. The combined analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant variation among the accessions for all agronomic traits. We also found that the effects of treatment and genotype were significant for the quality traits of oil content, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. The t‐test of significance for mean values indicated that there were significant differences between the treatments for plant height, number of branches, number of capsules, and seed yield. The highest yield was found in PI 170735 with the value of 25.6 g/plant in the treatment of WS. The higher values were observed for oil content in NS treatment, the highest amount of oil content was recorded as 53.9% for PI 207664. In addition, higher grand mean was observed for oleic acid under WS treatment. Principal component analysis using the five agronomic traits indicated that 76.60% and 71.18% variability accounted for the first two principal components (PCs) with eigen values ≥ 1 in WS and NS treatments, respectively. The diverse accessions characterized with agro‐quality traits can be used in further improvement programs to develop new drought‐tolerant cultivars.
Primary small‐cell carcinoma in the lung was found after the cold snare polypectomy of the small metastatic lesion in the cecum: A case report
Authors: Suto Daisuke , Yoshida Masashi , Yamada Hidehiko , Akita Takayuki , Osawa Yosuke , Sato Kiichi , Otake Takaaki , Nakazato Yoshimasa , Arakawa Nobuhito , Ohdaira Hironori , Suzuki Yutaka , Kohgo Yutaka
Published: June 2023

Metastasis from small‐cell lung cancer to the colon is very rare. A 74‐year‐old man without respiratory or abdominal symptoms underwent a follow‐up lower gastrointestinal endoscopy after a polypectomy. He was diagnosed with a 5 mm IIa non‐hyperplastic polyp in the cecum and underwent a cold snare polypectomy. The histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma. The tumor was positive in the deep margins of the submucosal layer. Subsequent systemic examination revealed a mass in the lower lobe of the left lung. Thus, the tumor in the cecum was determined to be a colorectal metastasis from primary small‐cell carcinoma of the lung. Metastasis to the colon was diagnosed as small‐cell lung cancer based on local positivity for thyroid transcription factor‐1 and morphologic and immunochemical features. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of colon metastasis from small cell carcinoma identified by endoscopic treatment.
Remote patient management of heart failure across the ejection fraction spectrum: A pre‐specified analysis of the TIM‐HF2 trial
Authors: Kerwagen Fabian , Koehler Kerstin , Vettorazzi Eik , Stangl Verena , Koehler Magdalena , Halle Martin , Koehler Friedrich , Störk Stefan
Published: June 2023

Aims

The benefit of non‐invasive remote patient management (RPM) for patients with heart failure (HF) has been demonstrated. We evaluated the effect of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on treatment outcomes in the TIM‐HF2 (Telemedical Interventional Management in Heart Failure II; NCT01878630) randomized trial.

Methods and results

TIM‐HF2 was a prospective, randomized, multicentre trial investigating the effect of a structured RPM intervention versus usual care in patients who had been hospitalized for HF within 12 months before randomization. The primary endpoint was the percentage of days lost due to all‐cause death or unplanned cardiovascular hospitalization. Key secondary endpoints were all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. Outcomes were assessed by LVEF in guideline‐defined subgroups of ≤40% (HF with reduced EF [HFrEF]), 41–49% (HF with mildly reduced EF [HFmrEF]), and ≥50% (HF with preserved EF [HFpEF]). Out of 1538 participants, 818 (53%) had HFrEF, 224 (15%) had HFmrEF, and 496 (32%) had HFpEF. Within each LVEF subgroup, the primary endpoint was lower in the treatment group, i.e. the incidence rate ratio [IRR] remained below 1.0. Comparing intervention and control group, the percentage of days lost was 5.4% versus 7.6% for HFrEF (IRR 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.97), 3.3% versus 5.9% for HFmrEF (IRR 0.85, 95% CI 0.48–1.50) and 4.7% versus 5.4% for HFpEF (IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.64–1.36). No interaction between LVEF and the randomized group became apparent. All‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were also reduced by RPM in each subgroup with hazard ratios <1.0 across the LVEF spectrum for both endpoints.

Conclusion

In the clinical set‐up deployed in the TIM‐HF2 trial, RPM appeared effective irrespective of the LVEF‐based HF phenotype.
Mannich‐Type Reactions of Alkylzinc Reagents
Authors: Pinaud Marine , Plantiveau Emilie , Huet Eric , Le Gall Erwan , Presset Marc
Published: June 2023

Mannich‐type reactions involving alkylzinc reagents have been developed using different strategies. We show that the addition of these organometallic species to sulfonyl imines occurs upon simple heating and affords Mannich products in moderate to excellent yields (14 examples, 30–99 %). Interestingly, N‐alkyl imines were also found to be suitable partners after activation as an acyliminium by acetyl chloride (12 examples, 49–86 %) or, more originally, by TMSCl (14 examples, 26–87 %). These methods proved complementary, leading to the preparation of both N‐protected secondary or tertiary amines and N‐unprotected secondary amines in good yields, with an increased eco‐compatibility, and under simple conditions.
2,2′‐Bis(arylamino)‐1,1′‐biaryls as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Dibenzo[d,f][1,3]diazepines, Dibenzo[d,f][1,3]diazepinones, and Dibenzo[c,e][1,2,7]thiadiazepine 6‐Oxides
Authors: Thoran Robert , Schuh Tristan , Holling Philipp , Puls Florian , Kataeva Olga , Knölker Hans‐Joachim
Published: June 2023

The iron‐catalyzed oxidative C−C homocoupling of diarylamines affords 2,2′‐bis(arylamino)‐1,1′‐biaryls which represent crucial synthetic building blocks for an access to a range of seven‐membered heterocyclic ring systems. Reaction with paraformaldehyde, diphenyl carbonate, and diphenyl sulfite as efficient 1,1‐dielectrophiles led to dibenzo[d,f][1,3]diazepines, dibenzo[d,f][1,3]diazepinones, and dibenzo[c,e][1,2,7]thiadiazepine 6‐oxides. The synthetic procedures enable short and practical routes to these 1,3‐diazepine derivatives under mild reaction conditions and with a high tolerance of various functional groups.
Chronic pain is associated with less grey matter volume in the anterior cingulum, anterior and posterior insula and hippocampus across three different chronic pain conditions
Authors: Neumann Nicola , Domin Martin , Schmidt Carsten‐Oliver , Lotze Martin
Published: June 2023

Background

Chronic pain of different aetiologies and localization has been associated with less grey matter volume (GMV) in several cortical and subcortical brain areas. Recent meta‐analyses reported low reproducibility of GMV alterations between studies and pain syndromes.

Methods

To investigate GMV in common chronic pain conditions defined by body location (chronic back pain, n = 174; migraine, n = 92; craniomandibular disorder, n = 39) compared to controls (n = 296), we conducted voxel‐based morphometry and determined GMV from high‐resolution cranial MRIs obtained in an epidemiologic survey. Mediation analyses were performed between the presence of chronic pain and GMV testing the mediators stress and mild depression. The predictability of chronic pain was investigated with binomial logistic regression.

Results

Whole‐brain analyses yielded reduced GMV within the left anterior insula and the anterior cingulate cortex, for a ROI approach additionally the left posterior insula and left hippocampus showing less GMV across all patients with chronic pain. The relationship of pain with GMV in the left hippocampus was mediated by self‐reported stressors in the last 12 months. Binomial logistic regression revealed a predictive effect for GMV in the left hippocampus and left anterior insula/temporal pole for the presence of chronic pain.

Conclusions

Chronic pain across three different pain conditions was characterized by less GMV in brain regions consistently described for different chronic pain conditions before. Less GMV in the left hippocampus mediated by experienced stress during the last year might be related to altered pain learning mechanisms in chronic pain patients.

Significance

Grey matter reorganization could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for chronic pain. In a large cohort, we here replicated findings of less grey matter volume across three pain conditions in the left anterior and posterior insula, anterior cingulate and left hippocampus. Less hippocampal grey matter was mediated by experienced stress.
Pyrolysis of cellulose in Fe‐[Bmim]OTf catalyst for selective production of 4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one
Authors: Wu Huanhuan , Xie Ruosong , Qu Guangfei , Li Xiaofen , Ning Ping , Zeng Yinda , Yan Zhoupeng , Chen Yiting
Published: June 2023

4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexene‐1‐one is a valuable ketone compound, which is an important (±)‐cuparene and filicinic acid intermediate, but the synthetic method of 4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexene‐1‐one is rarely mentioned in the marketplace. This article, a new method is proposed for the preparation of 4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one in high yield by selective catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose with FeCl3‐doped [Bmim]OTf magnetic ionic liquids. By studying the effect of temperature on the yield of pyrolysis products in [Bmim]OTf, the results showed that the optimal pyrolysis temperature of cellulose in [Bmim]OTf was 330°C and the maximum relative content of 4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one was 86.81%. In addition, different FeCl3/[Bmim]OTf mass ratios were found at 330°C. The relative yield of the target product reached a maximum (91.31%) when iron ions with excellent catalytic activity were introduced, at which the FeCl3/[Bmim]OTf mass ratio was 10%. At last, based on the basic model of cellulose monomer, the evolution pathway of ketones products was proposed, which provides ideas for the production of sustainable chemical products from cellulose.
Mental health analysis for college students based on pattern recognition and reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhi Pengrui
Published: June 2023

Mental health education for college students is an important part of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, which is related to the physical and mental health and long‐term development of college students. In particular, the nature of the work of counselors endows them with unique advantages in psychological education. Based on the insufficiency of unimodal data features, we propose a method for analyzing the mental health of college students based on multimodal social‐affective classification. At the same time, we design a multimodal data fusion model, which takes text data as the main body and uses text and images to jointly classify the main body's emotion. First, we use the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) pre‐training model to extract text features and obtain corresponding text vectors. Second, we utilize the Visual Geometry Group (VGG16) model trained on the ImageNet dataset as a pre‐training model to obtain image features. Third, we combine the modality features extracted by the two models to complete the final mental health classification task. Experimental results show that our proposed multimodal feature fusion model exhibits good performance on both constructed and public datasets.
Intrinsic metrics in polygonal domains
Authors: Dautova Dina , Kargar Rahim , Nasyrov Semen , Vuorinen Matti
Published: June 2023

We study inequalities between the hyperbolic metric and intrinsic metrics in convex polygonal domains in the complex plane. A special attention is paid to the triangular ratio metric in rectangles. A local study leads to investigation of the relationship between the conformal radius at an arbitrary point of a planar domain and the distance of the point to the boundary.
Asymptotic behavior of the linearized compressible barotropic Navier‐Stokes system with a time varying delay term in the boundary or internal feedback
Authors: Majumdar Subrata
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we consider the linearized compressible barotropic Navier‐Stokes system in a bounded interval
with a time‐varying delay term acting in the Dirichlet boundary or internal feedback of the hyperbolic component. Assuming some suitable conditions on the time‐dependent delay term and the coefficients of feedback (delayed or not), we study the exponential stability of the concerned hyperbolic‐parabolic system. Due to the presence of the time‐varying delay term, the corresponding spatial operator is also time dependent. Using classical semigroup theory with Kato's variable norm approach, we first show the existence and uniqueness of the Navier‐Stokes system with time delay, acting in the boundary or interior. Next, we prove the two stabilization results by means of interior delay feedback and boundary delay. In both cases, we establish the exponential stability results by introducing some suitable functional energy and using the Lyapunov function approach.
Data‐efficient Bayesian learning for radial dynamic MR reconstruction
Authors: Brahma Sherine , Kolbitsch Christoph , Martin Joerg , Schaeffter Tobias , Kofler Andreas
Published: June 2023

Background

Cardiac MRI has become the gold‐standard imaging technique for assessing cardiovascular morphology and function. In spite of this, its slow data acquisition process presents imaging challenges due to the motion from heartbeats, respiration, and blood flow. In recent studies, deep learning (DL) algorithms have shown promising results for the task of image reconstruction. However, there have been instances where they have introduced artifacts that may be misinterpreted as pathologies or may obscure the detection of pathologies. Therefore, it is important to obtain a metric, such as the uncertainty of the network output, that identifies such artifacts. However, this can be quite challenging for large‐scale image reconstruction problems such as dynamic multi‐coil non‐Cartesian MRI.

Purpose

To efficiently quantify uncertainties of a physics‐informed DL‐based image reconstruction method for a large‐scale accelerated 2D multi‐coil dynamic radial MRI reconstruction problem, and demonstrate the benefits of physics‐informed DL over model‐agnostic DL in reducing uncertainties while at the same time improving image quality.

Methods

We extended a recently proposed physics‐informed 2D U‐Net that learns spatio‐temporal slices (named XT‐YT U‐Net), and employed it for the task of uncertainty quantification (UQ) by using Monte Carlo dropout and a Gaussian negative log‐likelihood loss function. Our data comprised 2D dynamic MR images acquired with a radial balanced steady‐state free precession sequence. The XT‐YT U‐Net, which allows for training with a limited amount of data, was trained and validated on a dataset of 15 healthy volunteers, and further tested on data from four patients. An extensive comparison between physics‐informed and model‐agnostic neural networks (NNs) concerning the obtained image quality and uncertainty estimates was performed. Further, we employed calibration plots to assess the quality of the UQ.

Results

The inclusion of the MR‐physics model of data acquisition as a building block in the NN architecture led to higher image quality (NRMSE: , PSNR: , and SSIM: ), lower uncertainties (), and, based on the calibration plots, an improved UQ compared to its model‐agnostic counterpart. Furthermore, the UQ information can be used to differentiate between anatomical structures (e.g., coronary arteries, ventricle boundaries) and artifacts.

Conclusions

Using an XT‐YT U‐Net, we were able to quantify uncertainties of a physics‐informed NN for a high‐dimensional and computationally demanding 2D multi‐coil dynamic MR imaging problem. In addition to improving the image quality, embedding the acquisition model in the network architecture decreased the reconstruction uncertainties as well as quantitatively improved the UQ. The UQ provides additional information to assess the performance of different network approaches.
Coaching in nursing: An integrative literature review
Authors: Richardson Corianne , Wicking Kristin , Biedermann Narelle , Langtree Tanya
Published: June 2023

Aim

To understand the current application and benefits of coaching practice in nursing and identify potential areas for future research.

Design

An integrative literature review was conducted using Whittemore and Knalf integrative review methods.

Data sources

A search of the literature from Medline (PubMed) and CINHAL platform for abstracts and/or full‐text articles from 2012 to 2022.

Methods

A systematic approach was used to screen and analyse the literature. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, a quality appraisal of the literature was undertaken and summarised into themes. Eighteen articles were selected, two articles were different aspects of the same studies. Coaching was found to have benefits to the individual related to performance, role effectiveness, role transitions and confidence in performing in the role. The outcomes for individuals add to the overall organisational benefits with performance, support, teamwork, communication and culture.

Results

This literature review sought to understand the current use of coaching in nursing and identify any gaps in the application of coaching within the discipline. Supporting, developing staff knowledge and skills and nurturing nursing staff into the profession has occurred in several ways and evolved to include coaching. Coaching provides capabilities to enhance nursing leadership, performance improvement and to provide support to staff. The findings from this literature review found a need to conceptually define coaching in nursing and the opportunity to explore the use of coaching to support both the clinical and managerial workforce (job satisfaction, intention to stay and building resilience). The benefits of coaching in nursing extend beyond the leadership level and there is opportunity to extend the operationalisation of coaching practice and coaching training within the discipline of nursing. This integrative review explains how coaching has been utilised in nursing to be a valuable tool in developing nurse leaders and clinical staff.
The effect of weight loss on whole‐body and tissue‐specific insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid content and composition: SWEET substudy
Authors: Pang Michelle D. , Bastings Jacco J. A. J. , Op den Kamp‐Bruls Yvonne M. H. , Harrold Joanne A. , Kjølbæk Louise , Halford Jason C. G. , Adam Tanja C. M. , Raben Anne , Schrauwen‐Hinderling Vera B. , Goossens Gijs H. , Blaak Ellen E.
Published: June 2023

Objective

This study (1) investigated the effect of weight loss on whole‐body and tissue‐specific insulin sensitivity and on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and composition and (2) investigated the association between weight‐loss‐induced changes in insulin sensitivity and IHL content in individuals with overweight or obesity.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of the European SWEET project, 50 adults (age 18–65 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) followed a low‐energy diet (LED) for 2 months. At baseline and after the LED, body composition (dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry), IHL content and composition (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), whole‐body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI), and hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI) were determined (7‐point oral glucose tolerance test).

Results

The LED reduced body weight (p < 0.001). This was accompanied by increased Matsuda index and reduced HIRI (both p < 0.001) but no change in MISI (p = 0.260). Weight loss decreased IHL content (mean [SEM], 3.9% [0.7%] vs. 1.6% [0.5%], p < 0.001) and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction (41.0% [1.5%] vs. 36.6% [1.9%], p = 0.039). The reduced IHL content was associated with an improvement in HIRI (r = 0.402, p = 0.025).

Conclusions

Weight loss decreased IHL content and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction. The decrease in IHL content was associated with weight‐loss‐induced improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity in individuals with overweight or obesity.
A Droplet Method for Synthesis of Multiclass Ultrathin Metal Halides
Authors: Tang Jin , Ge Feixiang , Chen Jinlian , Zhou Dawei , Zhan Guixiang , Liu Jing , Yuan Jiaxiao , Shi Xinyu , Zhao Peiyi , Fan Xinlin , Su Yu , Liu Zicong , He Jiahao , Tang Jiaqi , Zha Chenyang , Zhang Linghai , Song Xuefen , Wang Lin
Published: June 2023

2D metal halides have attracted increasing research attention in recent years; however, it is still challenging to synthesize them via liquid‐phase methods. Here it is demonstrated that a droplet method is simple and efficient for the synthesis of multiclass 2D metal halides, including trivalent (BiI3, SbI3), divalent (SnI2, GeI2), and monovalent (CuI) ones. In particular, 2D SbI3 is first experimentally achieved, of which the thinnest thickness is ≈6 nm. The nucleation and growth of these metal halide nanosheets are mainly determined by the supersaturation of precursor solutions that are dynamically varying during the solution evaporation. After solution drying, the nanosheets can fall on the surface of many different substrates, which further enables the feasible fabrication of related heterostructures and devices. With SbI3/WSe2 being a good demonstration, the photoluminescence intensity and photo responsivity of WSe2 is obviously enhanced after interfacing with SbI3. The work opens a new pathway for 2D metal halides toward widespread investigation and applications.
The origins of Coclass Theory
Authors: Dietrich Heiko , Eick Bettina
Published: June 2023

In 1980, Leedham-Green and Newman introduced the invariant coclass to the theory of groups of prime-power order and they proposed five far-reaching conjectures related to it. Their work has initiated a deep and fruitful research project in group theory that is still ongoing today. We outline the main results of this celebrated article, we describe the history leading to it, and we survey some highlights of work inspired by these results.
Exponential sums equations and tropical geometry
Authors: Gallinaro Francesco Paolo
Published: June 2023

Zilber’s Exponential-Algebraic Closedness Conjecture states that algebraic varieties in $${{\mathbb {C}}}^n \times ({{\mathbb {C}}}^\times )^n$$

C

n

×

(

C

×

)

n

intersect the graph of complex exponentiation, unless that contradicts the algebraic and transcendence properties of $${\textrm{exp}}$$
exp
. We establish a case of the conjecture, showing that it holds for varieties which split as the product of a linear subspace of the additive group and an algebraic subvariety of the multiplicative group. This amounts to solving certain systems of exponential sums equations, and it generalizes old results of Zilber, which required the linear subspace to either be defined over a generic subfield of the real numbers, or it to be any subspace defined over the reals assuming unproved conjectures from Diophantine geometry and transcendence theory. The proofs use the theory of amoebas and tropical geometry.
Rigorous analysis of the interaction problem of sea ice with a rigid body
Authors: Binz Tim , Brandt Felix , Hieber Matthias
Published: June 2023

Consider the set of equations modeling the motion of a rigid body enclosed in sea ice. Using Hibler’s viscous-plastic model for describing sea ice, it is shown by a certain decoupling approach that this system admits a unique, local strong solution within the $$\textrm{L}^p$$

L
p

-setting.
Photoprotection Against UV-Induced Skin Damage Using Hyaluronic Acid Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Enterococcus durans
Authors: Shaheen Amany E. , Gebreel Hassan M. , Moussa Loutfy A. , Zakaria Abeer E. , Nemr Waleed A.
Published: June 2023

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the major factors that causes skin aging, erythema, sunburns, and skin cancer. This study aimed to select probiotic bacterial isolates able to produce high yield of hyaluronic acid (HA) to be employed for skin photoprotection and other possible biological applications. The selected isolates K11 and St3 were able to produce the highest yields of HA 4.8 and 4.4 mg/ml, respectively. Both isolates were identified as Enterococcus durans strain K11 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain St3 using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The antioxidant activity of HA produced by E. durans strain K11 and L. plantarum strain St3 was (65.4 0.2%) and (66.6 0.1%), respectively. The viability of UVB-irradiated keratinocytes pre-treated with HA produced by E. durans strain K11 and L. plantarum strain St3 was 91.3 and 91.4%, respectively, compared with the control. While the viability of UVB-irradiated keratinocytes post-treated with HA produced by E. durans strain K11 and L. plantarum strain St3 was 86 and 88.5%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recordation of HA production by Enterococcus durans and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum which revealed a significant radioprotection of the human keratinocytes against UVB radiation.
A large multiclass dataset of CT scans for COVID-19 identification
Authors: Soares Eduardo , Angelov Plamen , Biaso Sarah , Cury Marcelo , Abe Daniel
Published: June 2023

The infection by SARS-CoV-2 which causes the COVID-19 disease has spread widely over the whole world since the beginning of 2020. Following the epidemic which started in Wuhan, China on January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global health emergency and a pandemic. In this paper, we describe a publicly available multiclass CT scan dataset for SARS-CoV-2 infection identification. Which currently contains 4173 CT-scans of 210 different patients, out of which 2168 correspond to 80 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and confirmed by RT-PCR. These data have been collected in the Public Hospital of the Government Employees of Sao Paulo and the Metropolitan Hospital of Lapa, both in Sao Paulo – Brazil. The aim of this data set is to encourage the research and development of artificial intelligent methods that are able to identify SARS-CoV-2 or other diseases through the analysis of CT scans. As a baseline result for this data set, we used the recently introduced eXplainable Deep Learning approach (xDNN), which is a transparent deep learning approach that allows users to inspect the decisions of the network.
Quartic and Quintic Hypersurfaces with Dense Rational Points
Authors: Massarenti Alex
Published: June 2023

Let

$X_4\subset \mathbb {P}^{n+1}$

be a quartic hypersurface of dimension

$n\geq 4$

over an infinite field k. We show that if either

$X_4$

contains a linear subspace

$\Lambda $

of dimension

$h\geq \max \{2,\dim (\Lambda \cap \operatorname {\mathrm {Sing}}(X_4))+2\}$

or has double points along a linear subspace of dimension

$h\geq 3$

, a smooth k-rational point and is otherwise general, then

$X_4$

is unirational over k. This improves previous results by A. Predonzan and J. Harris, B. Mazur and R. Pandharipande for quartics. We also provide a density result for the k-rational points of quartic

$3$

-folds with a double plane over a number field, and several unirationality results for quintic hypersurfaces over a

$C_r$

field.
Multilayer network analysis to study complex inter-subsystem interactions in a turbulent thermoacoustic system
Authors: Tandon Shruti , Sujith R.I.
Published: June 2023

Thermoacoustic systems are complex systems where the interactions between the hydrodynamic, acoustic and heat release rate fluctuations lead to diverse dynamics such as chaos, intermittency and ordered dynamics. Such complex interactions cause catastrophically high-amplitude acoustic pressure oscillations and the emergence of order in the spatiotemporal dynamics, referred to as thermoacoustic instability. In this work, we use multilayer networks to study the spatial pattern of inter-subsystem interactions between the vorticity dynamics and thermoacoustic power generated due to acoustically coupled combustion in a bluff-body-stabilised turbulent dump combustor. We construct a two-layered network where the layers represent the thermoacoustic power and vorticity fields. The inter-layer links are determined using cross-variable short-window correlations between vorticity and thermoacoustic power fluctuations at any two locations in the flow field. Analysing the topology of inter-layer networks, using network properties such as degree correlations and link-rank distributions, helps us infer the spatial inhomogeneities in inter-subsystem interactions and unravel the fluid mechanical processes involved during different dynamical states. We show that, during chaotic dynamics, interactions between subsystems are non-localised and spread throughout the flow field of the combustor. During the state of thermoacoustic instability (order), we find that intense interactions occur in between regions of coherent vortex shedding and thermoacoustic power generation and we understand that these processes are strongly and locally coupled. Moreover, we discover that such dense inter-layer connections emerge in spatial pockets in the dump plane of the combustor during the state of intermittency much prior to the onset of order.
Justainability
Authors: Takala Tuija , Häyry Matti
Published: June 2023

Sustainability, properly understood, is an existential moral ideal. The United Nations, however, defines it in terms of 17 indivisible sustainable development goals. This definition changes the core idea of the concept. It turns sustainability from a moral ideal into a set of economy-based political aspirations. The European Union’s bioeconomy strategy demonstrates the shift aptly and reveals its main problem. When economy is prioritized, social and ecological concerns become secondary. This has been the United Nations line since the Brundtland Commission’s report, Our Common Future in 1987. Considerations of justice illustrate the inadequacy of the approach. Equality and justice require that all those affected by decisions are heard in making them. Under the current operationalization, decisions related to the natural environment and climate change are currently being made without hearing voices that advocate deeper social and ecological equality. After an explication of the problem and the state of the art as outlined above, a new notion of justainability is introduced and it is argued that assuming it would be a step in the right direction in taking also noneconomic values properly into account in international decision making.
Validating the Short Version of the Multidimensional Emotional Competence Questionnaire
Authors: Gerbeth Sebastian , Stamouli Elena
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The short version of the Multidimensional Emotional Competence Questionnaire (MECQ-s) is a competence-based questionnaire with a multidimensional framework assessing emotional competence. It consists of 32 items divided into 11 factors representing four dimensions: perception of one's own emotions, perception others’ emotions, emotional expressivity, and emotional management. Three studies ( Ntotal = 1,333) were conducted to validate the MECQ-s. Overall, reliability estimates were good (α = .72–.80 and ω = .71–.79). The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) corroborated the multidimensional structure of the MECQ-s and proved to be satisfactory. Correlations of the MECQ-s with scales of experiencing emotions provide evidence for convergent validity. A nomological network of measures including the Big Five personality, self-regulation, and self-efficacy indicates that the MECQ-s proved good nomological and discriminant validity. The results for measurement invariance and test–retest reliability were satisfactory. The MECQ-s proved to have satisfactory psychometrics and can be used to evaluate emotional competence.
Changes in Seasonality of Saltwater Inflows Caused Exceptional Warming Trends in the Western Baltic Sea
Authors: Barghorn L. , Meier H. E. M. , Radtke H.
Published: June 2023

During the last decades, the Baltic Sea has been among the fastest warming seas in the world. The warming is mainly driven by increasing air temperatures but deeper water layers can also be warmed by lateral advection of heat. By analyzing a 159 years long (1850–2008) hindcast simulation of the Baltic Sea, we link the exceptionally strong bottom water warming in the western Baltic Sea to a shift in the seasonality of saltwater inflows from the North Sea to the Baltic Sea. Over the model period, warm summer and early autumn inflows have increased while cold winter inflows have decreased. Sensitivity experiments reveal that these changes were partly driven by a shift in river runoff seasonality. The strong warming could lead to faster oxygen depletion in the affected layers and thus have ecological consequences.
Genomic screening of 16 UK native bat species through conservationist networks uncovers coronaviruses with zoonotic potential
Authors: Tan Cedric C. S. , Trew Jahcub , Peacock Thomas P. , Mok Kai Yi , Hart Charlie , Lau Kelvin , Ni Dongchun , Orme C. David L. , Ransome Emma , Pearse William D. , Coleman Christopher M. , Bailey Dalan , Thakur Nazia , Quantrill Jessica L. , Sukhova Ksenia , Richard Damien , Kahane Laura , Woodward Guy , Bell Thomas , Worledge Lisa , Nunez-Mino Joe , Barclay Wendy , van Dorp Lucy , Balloux Francois , Savolainen Vincent
Published: June 2023

There has been limited characterisation of bat-borne coronaviruses in Europe. Here, we screened for coronaviruses in 48 faecal samples from 16 of the 17 bat species breeding in the UK, collected through a bat rehabilitation and conservationist network. We recovered nine complete genomes, including two novel coronavirus species, across six bat species: four alphacoronaviruses, a MERS-related betacoronavirus, and four closely related sarbecoviruses. We demonstrate that at least one of these sarbecoviruses can bind and use the human ACE2 receptor for infecting human cells, albeit suboptimally. Additionally, the spike proteins of these sarbecoviruses possess an R-A-K-Q motif, which lies only one nucleotide mutation away from a furin cleavage site (FCS) that enhances infectivity in other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. However, mutating this motif to an FCS does not enable spike cleavage. Overall, while UK sarbecoviruses would require further molecular adaptations to infect humans, their zoonotic risk warrants closer surveillance.