bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A XVI‒XVII. SZÁZADI SZOMATIKUS FRAZÉMÁK SZERKEZETI ÉS SZEMANTIKAI VIZSGÁLATA
Authors: RAJSLI Ilona
Published: September 2016

A nyelv antropocentrikus jellegéből ered, hogy a testrésznevek nagy gyakorisággal fordulnak elő a frazémák vezérszavaiként (szomatikus frazeologizmusok), s mivel a legkorábbi szólásgyűjteményekben is fellelhetők, e típus szemantikai vizsgálata diakrón szempontból is fontos. A tanulmány a XVI‒XVII. századi szomatikus frazeologizmusok körében vizsgálja meg a jelentésváltozás típusait. A testrészneveket tartalmazó frazémáknak nagy száma és változatos redakciója található nyelvünkben, vizsgálatunk során a jelenség- és változástípusok definiálására, valamint az egyes szemantikai jelenségen túlmutató, a magyar frazémakincsre általában jellemző sajátosságok leírására törekszünk. Kutatásunk kitér a frazémák szerkezeti és szemantikai változásainak az összefüggéseire; pl. a frazeológiai egységek paradigmatikus kapcsolataira, a vezérszóváltás, a frazeológiai szinonímia, antonímia jelenségére. A valenciaviszonyok megváltozása is eredményezhet jelentésváltozást; az elemzett korai szövegekben a jelentés konkrét→absztrakt irányú változásával párhuzamosan történik meg a frazeologizálódás folyamata, melynek során a fő szerepet a metaforizáció játssza. A vizsgált korpusz alapját Heltai Gáspár, Bornemisza Péter, Magyari István, Pázmány Péter szövegei képezik.
KISEBBSÉGI KÉTNYELVŰEK NYELVTANULÁSI HIEDELMEI ÉS A NYELVTANULÁSI MOTIVÁCIÓK
Authors: BIRÓ Enikő
Published: September 2016

A két- és többnyelvűség-kutatások egyik területét a nyelvtanulási hiedelmek vizsgálata képezi, azoknak a személyes „mítoszoknak” a kutatása, amelyek segítségével megismerhetjük a „motivációs átalakulási epizódusokat” (Dörnyei 2006, 52). A nyelvtanulási hiedelmek meghatározó szerepet játszanak a nyelvtanulás sikerességében vagy kudarcában. Jelen kutatás két romániai egyetem hallgatóival készített tizenkét interjú tartalmi elemzésének útján a román nyelv és az angol nyelv tanulása során megnyilvánuló nyelvtanulási hiedelmek struktúráit vázolja. A narratívák azokat a különbségeket, folyamatos változásokat szemléltetik a nyelvtanulási hiedelmek és motivációk komplex rendszerében, amelyek nemcsak a két egyén közötti különbségeket jellemzik, hanem egyazon beszélő nyelvtanulási folyamatai közötti eltéréseket is. A hiedelmek és motivációk a társadalmi-kulturális dimenzióban elhelyezett nyelvhez/nyelvekhez kötődnek, viszonylag függetlenek egymástól. A kutatás célja, hogy eldöntse, vajon hiedelmeink határozzák meg sikeres és sikertelen nyelvtanulásunkat, vagy pedig a nyelvtanulásunk alakítja hiedelmeinket.
UDVARI ÉS POPULÁRIS KULTÚRA A KORA MODERN ANGLIÁBAN
Authors: MATUSKA Ágnes
Published: September 2016

A tanulmány a készülő Az angol irodalom magyar története (szerk. Kállay Géza et al.) kora modern irodalommal foglalkozó részébe illeszkedik, a populáris és elit kultúrát tárgyaló Kulturális regiszterek című fejezet elméleti bevezetőjeként szolgál. Amellett érvel, hogy a populáris–elit, illetve az udvari–népi dichotómia a kora modern Angliára nem abban az értelemben vonatkozik, hogy két különböző kultúrával rendelkező réteget feltételez: a társadalmi csoportok átalakulóban voltak, és a rétegek között intenzív volt az átjárás, lényeges ugyanakkor, hogy a kialakulóban levő új társadalmi elit tudatosan és fokozatosan elhatárolódott attól, amit bizonyos értelemben maga teremtett meg populáris kultúraként. Ismerteti a „popular”, azaz populáris kifejezés szakirodalmi változatait és dilemmáit; kitér a vallás és a reformáció szerepére, az írott és orális kultúra dinamikájára, valamint a domináns hatalom és az azt potenciális szubverzióval fenyegető populáris réteg viszonyára.
„HA FÉRFI VAGY, LÉGY FÉRFI”
Authors: KATONA Edit
Published: September 2016

A férfiidentitás, szerep, diskurzus és társadalmi beállítódás egy ősi szimbólumrendszer és metaforikus gondolkodás jegyében kognitív metaforákban képződik le a mindennapi nyelvhasználatban és az irodalmi szövegekben egyaránt. A dolgozat alapvető törekvése annak nyomon követése, hogy a férfiasság fogalma hogyan konstituálódik a társadalmi, történelmi, kulturális, irodalmi és nyelvi hagyomány függvényében. A férfiasság leírásának mintázatai a kor kihívásainak jegyében változnak, de alapvető jellemzői ősi társadalmi, emberi beidegződések, sémák nyomait őrzik. A férfiasság kódjainak metaforikus megnyilvánulásait kutatva, a konceptuális tartományok (mentális terek) interakcióját vizsgálva új forrástartományokra is felfigyelhetünk, melyek azonban főként a régi képzetek újabb kori megtestesülései.
“HE WAS A WITNESS AND PARTICIPANT OF THE BEST HUNGARIAN ERA”
Authors: MÁK Ferenc
Published: September 2016

Ede Margalits, a gymnasium professor and renown writer of history, was one of those scientists from the Bácska region who had won himself reputation in the scientific circles of the country. He started his carrier as a teacher of literature in Baja and then in Zombor, where he engaged in public duties on County level. In 1891 he was appointed headmaster of the Croatian boarding school in Budapest to become professor of Croatian language and literature at the university in 1895. It was then that the History Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences entrusted him to give an abridged presentation of Croatian works published during the 1850–1899 half century. The result of this were the two substantial volumes of Croatian Historic Repertory published in 1900 and 1902. During World War I he was able to publish the first volume of the Serbian Historic Repertory; however, the second volume was never published. Having been born in Zagreb and inspired by his fellow writers in Zombor, György Radics and Pál Dömötör, he turned his interest towards the South Slav historic songs. While still a professor at the Slavic Department in Budapest, he presented his readers with the translation of The Death of Smail Aga Chengich, “a poetic short story”, by Ivan Mažuranić (1896). In the same year he wrote a study under the title Prince Mark (Márk királyfi) about 14th and 15th century South Slav folk ballads, and published a comprehensive study on South Slav folk ballads in the journal Katholikus Szemle; in 1899 he published his translation of the Battle of Kosovo (A rigómezei ütközet). In 1914, when he retired, he went back to live in Zombor where he died, almost forgotten, in 1940.
Feeling the Right Personality. Recruitment Consultants’Affective Decision Making in Interviews With Employee Candidates
Authors: Kinnunen Taina , Parviainen Jaana
Published: September 2016

The pressure to find the ‘right’ personalities to strengthen customer service and working teams has made staffing decisions critical for organizations. Therefore, recruitment is more often outsourced and done so on a global level. By analyzing interviews with recruitment consultants, this article explores how consultants work in order to find the recruitment candidates with the most potential for their clients. It discusses recruitment as a process of affective decision-making where consultants use their ‘gut feelings’, that is, their own embodied affects, to secure the optimal ‘organizationperson fit’. Different kinds of details in the candidate’s appearance and micro-movements of the body cause ‘good vibrations’ or ‘strange feelings’ in the consultant’s affective body, which guides the selection among the candidates. By deconstructing the concept of ‘affect’, the article develops an understanding of recruitment as a practice where the embodied histories of consultants themselves play a key role in recruitment. The article claims that, as a result of competition in the business, the recruitment consultant relies on stereotypical performances of the ideal worker.
La Universidad y los Desafíos de la Educación Escolar
Authors: Bello Domínguez Manuel
Published: September 2016

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A Cincuenta Años de la Capacitación de Profesores de Ciencia
Authors: Olivares Esquivel José Américo
Published: September 2016

El autor relata los hechos que dieron lugar al curso de preparación para profesores de ciencias naturales que se dictó por la entonces incipiente Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia en el año de 1964. En este curso se revisaron los más modernos conceptos de biología de entonces y esta experiencia sirvió para que los profesores replicaran en el resto del país lo aprendido.
La Moldura de mi Canto
Authors: Moreno Izaguirre Rodolfo Nicolás
Published: September 2016

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Les appellations d'origine historiques
Authors: Branas Jean
Published: September 2016

La production des vins d'origine présente un intérêt qui dépasse largement la viticulture et même l'économie. Elle est encore organisée selon les règles conçues il y a plus d'un demi-siècle pour répondre aux besoins de l'époque ; l'évolution sociale, celle de la viticulture en général et les progrès des connaissances agronomiques, justifient une mise à jour de son organisation.

Avant une étude détaillée appuyée sur des exemples, les idées principales qui s'articulent autour de ce thème sont présentées ici, d'une manière abrégée.
Essais comparatifs de clones de vigne en Bourgogne. Aspects méthodologiques et résultats *
Authors: Lefort Pierre-Louis , Wagner Robert
Published: September 2016

Des essais comparatifs de clones de vigne sont analysés et discutés du point de vue de la précision expérimentale. Des propositions sont faites pour tenter d'améliorer l'exploitation de l'information recueillie en particulier :

par la prise en compte de la notion de stabilité d'un clone selon différentes conditions (années, localités, modes de conduite, porte-greffes) ;

par l'étude de la variation inter-clones sur l'ensemble des caractères mesurés par l'Analyse en Composantes Principales.

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Comparative trials of vine clones are analysed and experimental precision is discussed. Methods aimed at improving the use of collected data are proposed, in particular :

by taking into account the notion of clone stability under different conditions (year, locality, training system, root-stock);

by studying the effect of interclonal variation on the whole of the characters, measured by the Principal Components Analysis.

 

* La mise en place, l'exécution du protocole de ces essais et la collecte des données ont été réalisées par le Lycée Viticole de Beaune et l'Association Technique des Viticulteurs de Bourgogne.
Prévention des précipitations tartriques dans les vins par le procédé par contact
Authors: Blouin Jacques , Guimberteau Guy , Audouit P.
Published: September 2016

Les auteurs étudient différents facteurs pouvant influencer l'efficacité du procédé par contact sur la stabilisation des vins vis-à-vis des précipitations tartriques. Ils comparent ce procédé à la stabulation à basse température et montrent l'intérêt de cette nouvelle technique. Les aspects pratiques, économiques et réglementaires sont discutés.

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In this work the process by contact concerning stabilization of wines and the influence of different factors on its efficiency are studied. Comparison between this new process and storage at low temperature is established and it is shown that the first technique is the best. Practical, economical and regulation aspects are discussed.
Une possibilité d'ensemencement massif pour induire la fermentation malolactique
Authors: Descout Jean-Jacques
Published: September 2016

La fermentation malolactique est reconnue aujourd'hui comme indispensable à la qualité ainsi qu'à la stabilité biologique des vins rouges. Malgré les connaissances acquises ces dernières années ce phénomène est loin d'être entièrement maitrisé. En particulier, l'espoir mis dans l'ensemencement par les bactéries lactiques n'a pas donné des résultats comparables à ceux obtenus avec les levures pour le déroulement de la fermentation alcoolique. Aussi dans quelques cas, peu nombreux heureusement, l'oenologue se trouve désarmé. Il est alors obligé de laisser distribuer des vins contenant de l'acide malique.

Nous avons pensé qu'il était possible de provoquer le déclenchement de la dégradation de l'acide malique sur des vins particulièrement résistants en leur incorporant un mélange de bactéries et de levures recueilli par filtration sur diatomées d'un vin qui vient de subir la fermentation malolactique.
Incidence de l'action conjuguée de la température de fermentation et de l'acidité du milieu sur les teneurs en substances volatiles formées par les levures
Authors: Soufleros Evangelos H. , Bertrand Alain
Published: September 2016

L'étude des produits volatils formés par 12 souches de levures fermentant dans des conditions de température et d'acidité différentes montre que leur synthèse, à l'exception du glycérol, est favorisée à 20 °c par rapport à 30 °c et à pH 3,4 par rapport à pH 2,9.

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The study of volatile compounds formed by 12 different yeasts strains fermenting in different conditions of temperature and acidity, shows that their synthesis, except glycerol, is enhenced at 20 °c refering to 30 °c and at pH 3,4 refering to pH 2,9.
Quelques observations sur la formation d'acide acétique par les bactéries lactiques
Authors: Lafon-Lafourcade Suzanne , Lucmaret Viviane , Joyeux Annick
Published: September 2016

La formation d'acidité volatile au cours de la fermentation lactique des sucres est liée en particulier à l'état physiologique des populations bactériennes. Elle est faible pendant la phase de multiplication cellulaire, phase pendant laquelle sont éventuellement dégradés les acides malique et citrique. La présence d'acide malique dans le vin assure une formation limitée d'acide acétique. Ces microorganismes, en outre, apparaissent extrêmement sensibles à la composition du milieu (effet activateur du glycérol).

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The formation of volatile acidity during lactic acid fermentation of sugars is specifically linked to the physiological state of bacteria populations. It is low during the cellular multiplication, phase during which malic and citric acids are eventually decomposed. The presence of malic acid in wine tends to limit the formation of acetic acid. In addition, these microorganisms appear to be extremely sensitive to the medium's composition (activating effect of glycerol).
Evolution de l'encépagement dans les aires d'appellation d'origine *
Authors: Pouget Roger
Published: September 2016

Une évolution de l'encépagement pourrait être envisagée, dans les aires d'appellation ou l'encépagement présente des insuffisances ou des imperfections, à partir de nouveaux cépages issus de croisements réalisés au sein de l'espèce Vitis vinifera, dans la mesure où le niveau qualitatif du vin produit est augmenté sans modification du type.

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An evolution could be considered, in the wine varieties that make up the vineyards in « appellation » areas where the varieties show insufficiencies or imperfections, based on new varieties created from crossings within the Vitis vinifera species. Such modifications are possible in that the quality of the wine produced is increased without modifications in the character.

 

* Communication présentée au Symposium International sur les Appellations d'Origine des Vins (26-31 mal 1980) qui s'est tenu à Alessandria (Italie) sous le patronage de l'O.I.V.
Etude de l'influence des produits de traitement de la vigne sur la microflore des raisins et des vins. Expérimentation 1978-1979. Comparaison avec les résultats de 1975, 1976 et 1977
Authors: Sapis-domercq Simone
Published: September 2016

A la suite de précédents travaux d'identification de la microflore des raisins traités par divers fongicides, on étudie dans ce travail l'influence de ces produits (notamment anti-mildiou et anti-Botrytis), sur les espèces de levures et de bactéries les plus fréquemment rencontrées au cours de la vinification. Hanseniaspora uvarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus sont sensibles à l'action de l'Euparène, du Cuprosan et du Mycodifol. Par contre, les bactéries lactiques et surtout acétiques sont peu sensibles. Par ailleurs, les levures les plus résistantes ne sont pas suffisamment alcoogènes pour assurer l'achèvement de la fermentation alcoolique jusqu'à épuisement du sucre.

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Following preceding work about microflora identification of pesticides treated grapes, the influence of some of these products (especially anti-mildiou and anti-Botrytis) on usual types of yeasts and bacteria involved in wine technology was studied. Hanseniaspora uvarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus are sensitive to Euparène, Cuprosan and Mycodifol. Lactic and acetic bacteria are less sensitive. Howewer, the highest resistant yeasts have not an alcoholic power sufficient to achieve the fermentation of the sugar up to complete consumption.
Multi-range Conditional Random Field for Classifying Railway Electrification System Objects
Authors: Jung Jaewook , Chen Leihan , Sohn Gunho , Luo Chao , Won Jong-Un
Published: September 2016

Railway has been used as one of the most crucial means of transportation in public mobility and economic development. For efficiently operating railways, the electrification system in railway infrastructure, which supplies electric power to trains, is essential facilities for stable train operation. Due to its important role, the electrification system needs to be rigorously and regularly inspected and managed. This paper presents a supervised learning method to classify Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) data into ten target classes representing overhead wires, movable brackets and poles, which are recognized key objects in the electrification system. In general, the layout of railway electrification system shows a strong regularity of spatial relations among object classes. The proposed classifier is developed based on Conditional Random Field (CRF), which characterizes not only labeling homogeneity at short range, but also the layout compatibility between different object classes at long range in the probabilistic graphical model. This multi-range CRF model consists of a unary term and three pairwise contextual terms. In order to gain computational efficiency, MLS point clouds is converted into a set of line segments where the labeling process is applied. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used as a local classifier considering only node features for producing the unary potentials of CRF model. As the short-range pairwise contextual term, Potts model is applied to enforce a local smoothness in short-range graph. While, long-range pairwise potentials are designed to enhance spatial regularities of both horizontal and vertical layouts among railway objects. We formulate two long-range pairwise potentials as the log posterior probability obtained by Naïve Bayes classifier. The directional layout compatibilities are characterized in probability look-up tables which represent co-occurrence rate of spatial relations in horizontal and vertical directions. The likelihood function is formulated by multivariate Gaussian distributions. In the proposed multi-range CRF model, the weight parameters to balance four sub-terms are estimated by applying the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The results show that the proposed multi-range CRF can effectively classify detailed railway elements, representing the average recall of 97.66% and the average precision of 97.07% for all classes.
Generalized Thermodynamic Optimization for Iron and Steel Production Processes: Theoretical Exploration and Application Cases
Authors: Chen Lingen , Feng Huijun , Xie Zhihui
Published: September 2016

Combining modern thermodynamics theory branches, including finite time thermodynamics or entropy generation minimization, constructal theory and entransy theory, with metallurgical process engineering, this paper provides a new exploration on generalized thermodynamic optimization theory for iron and steel production processes. The theoretical core is to thermodynamically optimize performances of elemental packages, working procedure modules, functional subsystems, and whole process of iron and steel production processes with real finite-resource and/or finite-size constraints with various irreversibilities toward saving energy, decreasing consumption, reducing emission and increasing yield, and to achieve the comprehensive coordination among the material flow, energy flow and environment of the hierarchical process systems. A series of application cases of the theory are reviewed. It can provide a new angle of view for the iron and steel production processes from thermodynamics, and can also provide some guidelines for other process industries.
A Practical Method for Assessing the Energy Consumption & CO2 Emissions of Mass Haulers
Authors: Jassim Hassanean , Lu Weizhuo , Olofsson Thomas
Published: September 2016

Mass hauling operations play central roles in construction projects. They typically use many haulers that consume large amounts of energy and emit significant quantities of CO2. However, practical methods for estimating the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of such operations during project planning are lacking. This paper presents a detailed model for estimating the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of mass haulers that integrates the mass hauling plan with a set of predictive equations. The mass hauling plan is generated using a planning program such as DynaRoad in conjunction with data on the productivity of selected haulers and the amount of material to be hauled during cutting, filling, borrowing, and disposal operations. This plan is then used as input for estimating the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the selected hauling fleet. The proposed model will help planners to assess the energy and environmental performance of mass hauling plans, and to select hauler and fleet configurations that will minimize these quantities. The model was applied in a case study, demonstrating that it can reliably predict energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and hauler productivity as functions of the hauling distance for individual haulers and entire hauling fleets.
A Review of PMMA Bone Cement and Intra-Cardiac Embolism
Authors: Shridhar Puneeth , Chen Yanfei , Khalil Ramzi , Plakseyhuk Anton , Cho Sung Kwon , Tillman Bryan , Kumta Prashant N. , Chun Youngjae
Published: September 2016

Percutaneous vertebroplasty procedure is of major importance, given the significant increasing aging population and higher number of orthopedic procedures related to vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty is a complex technique involving injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into the compressed vertebral body for mechanical stabilization of the fracture. Our understanding and ability to modify these mechanisms through alterations in cement material is rapidly evolving. However, the rate of cardiac complications secondary to PMMA injection and subsequent cement leakage has increased with time. The following review considers the main features of PMMA bone cement on the heart, and the extent of influence of materials on cardiac embolism. Clinically, cement leakage results in life-threatening cardiac injury. The convolution of this outcome through an appropriate balance of complex material properties is highlighted via clinical case report.
Role of Handicrafts in Economic Development: A Case Study of Carpet Industry of India
Authors: Bano Razia
Published: September 2016

Handicrafts industry of India has a great potential in economic development of the country. The present study is an attempt to assess the potential of carpet industry in India. Indian handmade carpet of handicrafts industry is perhaps the only sector over in rural India that almost 100% export oriented and providing direct employment to the millions, generating opportunities to rural unemployed artisans. At present, carpet sector is contributing US$ 932 million from export to the government exchequer and providing livelihood over and above to the million weavers and artisans. Indian handmade carpets has recognized worldwide for its elegant design and vibrant color craftsmanship. Present study is an attempt to show the potential of handmade carpet industry of India in accelerating the growth and development of Indian Economy. The present study is based on secondary data collected through the reports from textile ministry, various organization and magazines. The data has analyzed on the basis of simple method and presents by charts, table and diagram.
Theory A for Optimizing Human Productivity
Authors: Aithal P. S. , Kumar P. M. Suresh
Published: September 2016

Optimizing human productivity is a challenging process for the organizations and this process involves getting the best performance from employees within the organizational constraints. Even though the performance of human resources in organizations mainly depend on technology and external environment, ways of thinking individually and by teams, and humanistic orientation are important. Various models are used in developing a strategy to improve the people’s performance in organizations.  Such for example, are theory X, theory Y and theory A.  All these in common are based on presumptions about the human behaviour at work.  Theory X and Y are opposing each other in predicting human nature. Theory X describes human nature as  lazy, dislikes work and avoids, lacks responsibility, seeks security, lack of ambition and therefore should be forced, controlled, threatened or closely supervised to get work.  Theory Y believes in the exercise of self-direction and self-control investing faith in individual potential, imagination, creativity and its application to work.  Against this is theory A which focuses innate human potential, inherent urge for creativity, self-expression and contribution to the organization as motivators.  As such, managers have to transform average employee to real performers using role models and self-exploration.  This paper attempts to compare factors affecting organizational performance in all these aforesaid theories. It also details a set of model operational steps in introducing the theory of accountability. It also makes a SWOC analysis of theory A and its application to different types of organizations.
Knowledge Management in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Sharma Manoj K. , Kaur Manpreet
Published: September 2016

Knowledge management is the process of retrieving, protecting, using and managing the available knowledge. It has gained huge importance in the Business world especially in the corporate sector. It is recognized tool for the effective decision making and attaining competitive advantage. As the educational institutions hold the prime responsibility of effective creation and successful dissemination of the knowledge, it is viewed that the knowledge management practices have greater application to the educational institutions. The objective of the paper is to understand the process, application and role of knowledge management in educational institutions. The paper tries to explore the review of literature on the knowledge management in general and its application to institutes of higher education in particular. 
On problems of Topological Dynamics in non-autonomous discrete systems
Authors: Balibrea Francisco
Published: September 2016

Most of problems in Topological Dynamics in the theory of general autonomous discrete dynamical systems have been addressed in the non-autonomous setting. In this paper we will review some of them, giving references and stating open questions.
Harmonic-Pulse Testing for Non-Darcy-Effects Identification
Authors: Borello Eloisa Salina , Fokker Peter A. , Viberti Dario , Espinoza Rosa , Verga Francesca
Published: September 2016

Gas reservoirs are generally subject to non-Darcy effects, especially in the near-wellbore zone. In fact, the assumption of Darcy-flow regime is no longer valid because of inertial phenomena and/or turbulence. These could significantly reduce the peak performance of a gas well. Therefore, characterization and monitoring of the non-Darcy effects is key for defining an optimal reservoir-exploitation strategy. This is particularly true in the case of storage fields, where withdrawal- and injection-gas rates are typically very high (hundreds of thousands of m3/d) and determining and monitoring well performance is key to ensuring that deliverability meets demand and/or contract obligations.

Pulse testing, which is dependent on a periodic variation of produced/injected rate, is an effective methodology to test a well during ongoing field operations without stopping production. Although pulse testing is very promising for monitoring well performance, it has never been exploited for this purpose.

In this paper, the development of a method for pulse testing high-performing gas wells is presented and discussed. The pressure response to the imposed rates is analyzed in the frequency domain to evaluate reservoir and well properties. An analytical solution in the frequency domain taking into account wellbore-storage effects was derived. The method was applied to test a real gas well of a storage reservoir under two different pressure conditions to assess the effect of turbulence on deliverability.

Although the pulse-testing technique might not replace traditional well testing for determining reservoir properties, it can be successfully applied to monitor well performance as a function of reservoir pressure.
A priori Considerations When Conducting High‐Throughput Amplicon‐Based Sequence Analysis
Authors: Sengupta Aditi , Dick Warren A.
Published: September 2016

Core Ideas

High‐throughput sequence analysis of microbes is gaining popularity.

Researchers in agronomy, soil, crop, and environmental sciences are interested in such analyses.

We briefly discuss a priori considerations to guide such researchers.

Developing successful research questions, experiments, and data analysis is the goal.

Amplicon‐based sequencing strategies that include 16S rRNA and functional genes, alongside “meta‐omics” analyses of communities of microorganisms, have allowed researchers to pose questions and find answers to “who” is present in the environment and “what” they are doing. Next‐generation sequencing approaches that aid microbial ecology studies of agricultural systems are fast gaining popularity among agronomy, crop, soil, and environmental science researchers. Given the rapid development of these high‐throughput sequencing techniques, researchers with no prior experience will desire information about the best practices that can be used before actually starting high‐throughput amplicon‐based sequence analyses. We have outlined items that need to be carefully considered in experimental design, sampling, basic bioinformatics, sequencing of mock communities and negative controls, acquisition of metadata, and in standardization of reaction conditions as per experimental requirements. Not all considerations mentioned here may pertain to a particular study. The overall goal is to inform researchers about considerations that must be taken into account when conducting high‐throughput microbial DNA sequencing and sequences analysis.
The relationship among change implementation, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior in the Business Process Outsourcing industry in South Africa
Authors: N. Muzanenhamo George , O.K. Allen-Ile Charles , Adams Anthea , Gervase Iwu Chux
Published: September 2016

The unique and dynamic Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry in South Africa strives to thrive in a challenging business environment with the attendant need for stability, loyal and satisfied workforce. An empirical investigation was, therefore, conducted utilizing managerial and non-managerial employees in a stratified sampling technique. Questionnaires were administered to 250 employees from four selected organizations. The essence was to examine the nature of the relationship among change implementation, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Four significant results emerged. Firstly, there is a positive but moderate relationship between change implementation and OCB; there is a high or strong positive relationship between change implementation and job satisfaction; there is a positive, but moderate relationship between OCB and job satisfaction; and lastly the results confirm the assumption that job satisfaction moderates the relationship between change implementation and OCB. BPO firms need to understand the effects of change implementation on OCB and job satisfaction. This is because change management is inevitable in the BPO industry; therefore, organizations have to be constantly alert to tackle its demands.
Keywords: change management, job satisfaction, intrinsic job satisfaction, extrinsic job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior. JEL Classification: J240, J280, L240, M120
SMEs: do they follow a shotgun or rifle approach when it comes to target marketing?
Authors: C. Cant Michael , A. Wiid Johannes , Meyer Adri
Published: September 2016

As SMEs are the drivers of employment and GDP in many cases, SMEs are also critical to the development of any economy and their survival and success are, thus, important. With the high levels of failure of SMEs, it has become imperative that there is a drive to ensure the survival of SMEs. A way in which SMEs, can enhance their potential success rate and business performance is by means of proper target market selection in order for the business to focus their marketing efforts. This will allow the business to timeously identify opportunities and threats in the market and to react to these situations. The business will also have a greater understanding of their target market, and their needs and wants. Understanding the target market will assist the business in developing marketing strategies that are suited for the target market and enhance its chances of success. This study aimed to identify whether SME owners and managers have target market knowledge within a South African SME context. The main results indicate that although SME owners and managers claim they are aware of their specific target markets (90%), they do not have customer knowledge regarding the psychographic and demographic aspects of their target market. By using effective target marketing communication, SMEs can improve on their merchandising planning and product assortment and offerings to better serve their target market(s).
Keywords: target marketing, SMEs, South Africa. JEL Classification: M310, L26
Discretionary disclosures: reactivity and proactivity in the chairpersons’ statements of JSE-listed companies in South Africa
Authors: Mmako Nthabeleng
Published: September 2016

A review of the literature on corporate governance and narrative disclosures highlights the need for assessment of the formulation of the chairperson’s statement. This research is justified as corporate reporting today is more integrated. The significance of the study may be that even though only the chairperson’s statement is investigated, it may be a good starting point for understanding how change is ushered into an organization and from what perspective this takes place. Findings of content analysis of 100 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)-listed chairperson’s statements suggest that as part of the communication intended mainly for investors and other stakeholders of the company, the chairperson’s statement is written as a reactive statement to environmental factors or as a proactive statement to counter environmental factors that may affect or have affected the company’s performance. This study will be useful in helping readers to improve their understanding of a company’s efforts to communicate with them, from the chairperson’s perspective.
Keywords: chairperson’s statement, JSE, disclosures, reactivity, proactivity. JEL Classification: G3, G30
Determining shopping mall visitors’ perceptions on mall attributes
Authors: Makgopa Sipho
Published: September 2016

The challenging retail environment requires a need to manage shopping malls effectively to understand the attributes that attract shopping mall visitors to visit shopping malls. The purpose of the study aimed to determine shopping mall visitors’ perceptions or ratings towards shopping mall attributes they consider when choosing which shopping mall to visit. A quantitative approach was followed to realize research objective using interviewer-administered questionnaires for data collection. The data were collected at shopping centre in the capital city of South Africa, City of Tshwane. A descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the quantitative data. The findings of the study revealed that the shopping mall visitors’ ranked adequate parking availability high. This study contributes to the current literature and provides valuable information to South African retailers and shopping mall developers, with regard to marketing communications and marketing strategies that aim to attract shopping mall visitors. Suggestions for future research are provided.
Keywords: shopping mall, shopping motivations, hedonic motivation, utilitarian motivation. JEL Classification: M31, M37
Human capital intelligence and economic development
Authors: Maune Alexander
Published: September 2016

This article explored human capital intelligence and economic development in Zimbabwe with some examples adopted from Israel and many other countries. A qualitative-exploratory literature review methodology was used for the purpose of this study because of its suitability. The primary concern of the author was to have and provide an in-depth analysis and understanding of the multiple realities and truths pertaining to human capital intelligence and economic development in Zimbabwe. An inductive approach was adopted for the purpose of this study. The findings of this article will make it possible to generalise the role of human capital intelligence towards economic development of a country and to develop some valuable propositions for future studies. The findings showed that human capital intelligence plays a critical role in economic development, through laying a foundation for economic development, attracting foreign direct investment, personal remittances, as well as attracting venture capitalists. Empirical evidence from countries such as Israel shows the criticality of human capital intelligence development to economic development of a nation. This article will assist business managers, societal leaders, policymakers, as well as governments to understand the criticality of human capital intelligence towards the development of a company, society and nation at large. This article has, therefore, academic, societal and business value.
Keywords: Zimbabwe, economic development, human capital, intelligence, intellectual capital. JEL Classification: O1, J41, O34
Bacterial and parasitic factors diagnosed in eel farmed in Poland in the years 2010-2014
Authors: Terech-Majewska Elżbieta , Bernad Alicja , Robak Stanisław , Pajdak Joanna , Schulz Patrycja , Siwicki Andrzej Krzysztof , Szweda Wojciech
Published: September 2016

European eel Anguilla anguilla L. is a fish species highly valued in European fisheries, currently reared under controlled conditions (Aquatic Recirculation System - RAS). In order to protect the health of fish, regular check-ups are carried out in specialized veterinary laboratories. Health hazards are recognized on the basis of clinical, pathological, microbiological, and parasitological surveys. The aim of the study was to analyze the results of health assessment of eels reared under controlled conditions, which was performed in the Diagnostics Laboratory of Fish and Crayfish Diseases, Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Voivodeship Veterinary Inspectorate in Olsztyn, in the period from 2010 to 2014. The results are presented according to the etiologic agents, divided into bacterial and parasitic diseases. In this period, 73 samples (100%) were examined, including 5 samples (6.85%) from glass eels and 68 (93.15%) from elvers. Microorganisms isolated from the collected material were mainly conditionally pathogenic, such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens, Aeromonas sobria, Flavobacterium spp., and Chryseobacterium indologenes. The parasitological examination revealed infection with Trichodina spp., Ichthyophtirius multiphilliis, and Pseudodactylogyrus spp. The most frequently diagnosed were gill monogeneans, detected in 34 cases (75.55% of all positive parasitological test results). In 21 cases (61.8%) the infestation manifested itself as a disease. The remaining 13 cases were asymptomatic carriers (38.2%). The analysis shows that the main problem in the controlled rearing of eel are parasitic infestations, which may be endemic and pose a constant threat. Systematic monitoring and preventive measures are necessary throughout the rearing and fattening of fry to maintain a good health status of eels.
Clinical and behavioral aspects of bee stings in domestic dog
Authors: Karpiński Mirosław , Goleman Małgorzata , Czyżowski Piotr , Tajchman Katarzyna , Wojtaś Justy-na , Różaniecka Krystyna , Drozd Leszek
Published: September 2016

The aim of this study was to determine the scale of the phenomenon and the risks resulting from stings of domestic dog by bees. The material consisted of clinical interviews on dog disease history from four veterinary clin-ics. Twenty-six cases of stings were selected, in which the dog owner could positively identify the insect species that had stung a dog (on the basis of the external appearance of a dead bee or the presence of its sting). The select-ed dogs were grouped by sex and age: juveniles – aged up to 12 months and adults – aged more than 12 months. In addition, the grouping took into account the occurrence of pulmonary edema symptoms or lack thereof and the body response. Three types of body response were distinguished: a local reaction (M) in the form of erythema with edema, a large local reaction (MD), and anaphylaxis (pulmonary edema confirmed by X-ray examination). The following blood counts were evaluated: erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, hematocrit value, hemoglobin con-centration, segmented neutrophils percentage, MCV, MCH, MCHC, as well as biochemical indices: AP, ALT, AST, creatinine, and BUN. Clinical and behavioral symptoms were analyzed with the use of a survey conducted with a randomly selected group of dog owners. To illustrate the scale of the problem, the survey on bee stings was conducted among 97 dog owners. An analysis of the coefficients of correlation between the values of the above parameters and the age of stung dogs showed that with dog’s age, there was a decrease in AP, lymphocyte and leukocyte levels, and an increase in hemoglobin levels percentage of segmented neutrophils, as well as hematocrit and erythrocyte counts. A statistically significant differ-ence was ascertained in AST, whose values were significantly higher in dogs without pulmonary edema (33.6 U/l ± 14.0) than in the group with edema (22.7 U/l ± 4.6), t (22) = 2.856; p = 0.01. A comparison of the average values of the parameters under analysis for both sexes revealed a significant difference between the average values of hemo-globin, which was significantly higher in males (16.6 g/dl ± 2.6), compared to females (14.1 g/dl ± 2.6), t (24) = 2,156; p = 0.041. The dogs were also classified into two groups according to the type of reaction: a local reaction or a large local reaction. Significantly greater differences were found in the average content of erythrocytes in dogs with a local reaction. Among all respondents, 35% reported their dogs having been stung by insects from the family Hymenoptera. Male dogs were stung twice as often as females, and almost half of the sting cases were dogs older than 4 years. Most of the stung dogs were kept in the backyard, and purebred dogs were stung more frequently than crossbreeds. Half of all cases were stings on the head, and the stung dogs usually reacted by strong hyperkinesia and slight vocalization (one point on a three-point scale).
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strains isolated from pig's clinical samples in Serbia
Authors: Žutić Jadranka , Pavlović Ljiljana , Radanović Oliver , Radosavljević Vladimir , Kureljušić Branislav , Vojinović Dragica
Published: September 2016

Porcine pleuropneumonia, caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is one of the most important bacterial diseases of the pig respiratory tract. One hundred and forty eight Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strains isolated from pig's clinical samples were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials by disk diffusion method. Isolates were obtained from the pathoanatomically altered pig's lung that died with signs of respiratory disease. Antimicrobial discs with following concentration were used: ampicillin 10 µg, amoxicillin 10 µg, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 20/10 µg, cefotaxime 30 µg, gentamicin 10 µg, penicillin 10 IU, streptomycin 10 µg, tetracycline 30 µg, enrofloxacin 5µg, lincospectin 15/200 µg, florfenicol 30 µg and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 1.25/23.75 µg. Isolated strains showed various susceptibility to tested antimicrobials. Seventy-five percent of isolates were resistant to one or more drugs frequently used in the treatment of pig's diseases at farms in Serbia. All 148 isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, enrofloxacin and florfenicol, while 96% of them were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and lincospectin. Susceptibility of isolates to amoxicillin, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 91%, 77% and 64%, respectively. The highest resistance rates were determined for tetracycline and streptomycin, 34% and 31%, respectively. When compared to our previous results, we noticed a decrease in resistance to tetracyclines and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Our results indicate that A. pleuropneumoniae strains isolated from pig's clinical samples in Serbia show high susceptibility to antimicrobial agents which are most often used in the pig industry.
Free amino acid content in muscle tissue of bighead carp and wels catfish
Authors: Pyz-Łukasik Renata , Szpetnar Maria , Paszkiewicz Waldemar , Tatara Marcin R. , Brodzki Adam
Published: September 2016

The present research was aimed at a comparative analysis of free amino acid (FAA) levels in the muscle tissue of herbivorous and predatory fish. The FAA concentration in the muscle tissue samples from bighead carp and wels catfish was determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The bighead carp muscle tissue, as compared to that of wels catfish, showed significantly higher concentrations of arginine, histidine, methionine, phenyloalanine, alanine, asparagine, serine, glycine, and taurine, but significantly lower levels of isoleucine, leucine, threonine, valine, glutamine, cystationine, β-alanine, ethanoloamine, as well as aspartic, glutamic, cysteic, α- and γ-aminobutyric acids. The muscle tissues of bighead carp and wels catfish did not differ significantly in the levels of cystine, lysine, tryptophan, tyrosine, α-aminoadipic acid, cytrulline, ornithine and 1-methyl-histidine. Proline was detected only in the wels catfish muscle. The results obtained have shown differences in free amino acid concentration in muscle tissue of examined fish. A differentiated natural diet induces changes in free amino acid content in fish tissues. Knowledge of levels of free amino acids which are precursors for biogenic amines facilitates setting the safety criteria for fish and fishery products from species other than those mentioned in the Commission Regulation No 2073/2005