Guía general del análisis de los datos en investigación cualitativa para Enfermería
Authors: Cuevas Guajardo Leticia , Guillén Cadena Dulce María , Arenas Montaño Guillermina , Bravo Sánchez Luisa 
Published: May 2019

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo radic&oacute; en estructurar un documento general sobre el an&aacute;lisis de los datos que gu&iacute;e a los aprendices de la investigaci&oacute;n cualitativa en esta operaci&oacute;n determinante, la que es dif&iacute;cil de comprender. Adem&aacute;s se pretende proporcionar una herramienta al gremio de Enfermer&iacute;a para simplificar la comprensi&oacute;n de los pasos a dar para realizar el an&aacute;lisis cualitativo de los datos en Enfermer&iacute;a, ya que la investigaci&oacute;n cualitativa se ha vuelto muy necesaria para el desarrollo de la disciplina.<br /><br />Se consultaron varios textos de autores expertos que dominan el tema conjugando la informaci&oacute;n con nuestra propia experiencia para poder elaborar esta gu&iacute;a.<br /><br />El documento aborda algunas de las t&eacute;cnicas de recolecci&oacute;n de datos tales como: la observaci&oacute;n participante, las entrevistas y otras. Ahora bien, un buen an&aacute;lisis debe contar con una recolecci&oacute;n de datos adecuada con preguntas: de experiencia o conducta o antecedentes, de opini&oacute;n o valores, de sentimientos, de conocimientos, sensoriales o sensitivas, demogr&aacute;ficas o biogr&aacute;ficas, de simulaci&oacute;n y de clarificaci&oacute;n.<br /><br />Finalmente en nuestra experiencia los pasos que hemos detectado para realizar el an&aacute;lisis de los datos son: reducci&oacute;n de la informaci&oacute;n, codificaci&oacute;n, categorizaci&oacute;n, relaci&oacute;n, integraci&oacute;n, modelizaci&oacute;n, disposici&oacute;n y transformaci&oacute;n de datos, hallazgos, teorizaci&oacute;n y verificaci&oacute;n de conclusiones.<br /><br />Concluyendo que aunque no hay una forma &uacute;nica de realizar una investigaci&oacute;n cualitativa debido a que existen variados m&eacute;todos de aproximaci&oacute;n al objeto de estudio, esta informaci&oacute;n es &uacute;til para tener una idea de los pasos a dar en un an&aacute;lisis cualitativo.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><em><strong>Abstract</strong><br /><br />The objective of this work was in structuring a general document on the analysis of the data that guides the apprentices of the qualitative investigation in this determining operation, the one that is difficult to include/understand. In addition it is tried to provide a tool to the union of Infirmary to simplify the understanding of the steps to give to make the qualitative analysis of the data in Infirmary, since the qualitative investigation has become very necessary for the development of the discipline.<br /><br />Several texts of expert authors were consulted who dominate to the subject conjugating the information with our own experience to be able to elaborate this guide.<br /><br />The document approaches some of the techniques of data collection such as: the participant observation, the interviews and others. However, a good analysis must count on a data collection adapted with questions: of experience or conduct or antecedents, of opinion or values, feelings, of sensorial or sensitive, demographic or biographical knowledge, of simulation and clarification.<br /><br />Finally in our experience the steps that we have detected to make the analysis of the data are: reduction of the information, codification, categorization, relation, integration, modelization, disposition and transformation of data, findings, theorization and verification of conclusions.<br /><br />Concluding that although is no a unique form to make a qualitative investigation because they exist varied methods of approach to the study object, this information is useful to have an idea of the steps to give in a qualitative analysis.</em></p><p>&nbsp;</p>