bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between lung function, thoracoabdominal mobility and posture in cystic fibrosis: pilot study
Authors: Pinto Francisca Pereira , Souza Gustavo Vieira Paterlini de , Sarro Karine Jacon , Garcia Cintia Carvalho Bragança , Paro Flávia Marini
Published: January 2020

Abstract Introduction: Deterioration of lung function is the main cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF), so it is essential to study different related factors. Objective: To assess the association of pulmonary function with thoracoabdominal mobility and postural alignment in individuals with CF. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in individuals with CF (8-17 years). Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry. Thoracoabdominal mobility and postural alignment were evaluated by photogrammetry using the Postural Assessment Software (PAS/Sapo). Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The following spirometric variables showed a decrease compared to predicted values: FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF and FEF25-75%. Postural assessment showed alterations in head horizontal alignment (HHA; 2.71 ± 2.23o), acromion horizontal alignment (AHA; 1.33 ± 1.35o), anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) horizontal alignment (ASISHA; 1.11 ± 0.89o), angle between acromia and ASIS (AAASIS; 0.89 ± 0.39o), scapula horizontal asymmetry - T3 (SHAT3; 16.95 ± 12.03%), and asymmetry of the projection of the center of gravity within the base of support in the frontal (11.45 ± 8.10%) and sagittal (48.98 ± 18.55%) planes. A strong positive correlation was found between pulmonary function and thoracoabdominal mobility in the variables anteroposterior mobility of the upper chest (APMUC) and FVC (r = 0.818, p = 0.024), APMUC and FEV1 (r = 0.874, p = 0.010), and APMUC and FEF25-75% (r = 0.797, p = 0.032). A strong negative correlation was detected between FEV1/FVC and AHA (r = -0.761, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Our study showed in CF a reduction in pulmonary function, strong positive correlation between APMUC and pulmonary function, high prevalence of kyphoscoliosis and strong negative correlation between AHA and pulmonary function.
Influence of knee osteoarthritis on functional performance, quality of life and pain in older women
Authors: Santos Maiara Gonçalves dos , Damiani Pricila , Marcon Ana Carolina Zappe , Haupenthal Alessandro , Avelar Núbia Pereira Carelli de
Published: January 2020

Abstract Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative disease in older people, causing pain, stiffness and dysfunction. Objective: To determine the influence of KOA on functional performance (FP), quality of life (QoL) and pain in older women. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, in which 50 older women diagnosed with KOA and 51 without KOA participated. Participants were assessed using FP tests: Sit-to-stand (STS); Gait speed test (GST); Timed Up and Go (TUG); 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Pain was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS); quality of life by applying the SF-36; and self-perception of the disease by using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: No intergroup statistical differences were found in the BBS (p: 0.42), STS (p: 0.59) and 6MWT (p: 0.97). However, the KOA group showed slower GS (p < 0.00) and longer time in TUG (p < 0.00). They also presented higher pain levels (p < 0.01), worse perceived health status regarding pain, stiffness and physical function (WOMAC) (p < 0.01), as well as worse QoL indices in functional capacity, physical limitations, pain and overall health status (p < 0.010). Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that older women with KOA showed a decline in FP, QoL and higher pain levels.
Shark liver oil consumption decreases contractility in EDL muscle of trained rats
Authors: Peixoto João Victor Capelli , Paula Larisson Murilo Ramos de , Iagher Fabíola , Silva Ilana Kassouf , Dias Fernando Augusto Lavezzo , Fogaça Rosalvo Tadeu Hochmueller
Published: January 2020

Abstract Introduction: Professional and recreational athletes make daily use of nutritional supplements to improve physical performance. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been used in this sense. N-3 PUFA, particularly eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids are involved in important physiological functions and the benefits of supplementation are demonstrated in several types of users. Shark liver oil (SLO) is a natural source of n-3 PUFA. Objective: To evaluate the effect of supplementation with SLO on contractility of skeletal muscles with different metabolic characteristics, soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) from rats submitted to eight weeks of interval training of progressive intensity on a motorized treadmill. In the supplemented group, animals were supplemented with SLO (1 g/kg) five times a week for eight weeks. Method: Contractile parameters as maximum isometric twitch force (Tmax), maximum speed of force development (+dF/dt), maximum speed of force decrease (-dF/dt), maximum tetanic force (Fmax) and resistance to fatigue were analyzed in isolated muscle. Results: Compared to the control group, EDL muscles from the supplemented group reduced Tmax at the first (10.82 ± 0.89 vs 14.30 ± 0.67 mN/mm2. p < 0.01) and second minutes of experimentation (9.85 ± 0.63 vs 13.12 ± 0.70 mN/mm2. p < 0.01). However, it increased resistance to fatigue (22.80 ± 0.97 vs 18.60 ± 0.51 seconds. p = 0.005). Conclusion: No difference was observed in the soleus muscle.
Difficulties of access to health services among non-institutionalized older adults: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Cruz Priscila Karolline Rodrigues , Vieira Maria Aparecida , Carneiro Jair Almeida , Costa Fernanda Marques da , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: January 2020

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the difficulties of access to health services among non-institutionalized older adults in the town of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional study nested in a population-based cohort of community-dwelling older adults was carried out in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection was performed in the homes of the older adults between November 2016 and February 2017. Demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables and access to and use of health services were evaluated. Bivariate analyzes (Pearson’s chi-squared test) were conducted, adopting a level of significance lower than 0.20 for inclusion of the independent variables in the multiple model. The final model was generated by Poisson regression analysis, with robust variance, and the variables maintained were associated with difficulty in using the health services up to a level of significance of 0.05 (p<0.05). Results: 394 older adults participated in this study, 33% of whom reported difficulties with access. In multiple analysis, greater difficulty of access was registered among older adults without a partner; who could not read; were frail and had a negative self-perception of health. Older adults face greater difficulties with access when seeking public services. Conclusion: A high perception of difficulty with access was identified, determined by social and physical aspects inherent to aging, and which may be worsened by the characteristics of public services. There is a need for investments in the health care of older adults, in order to guarantee care that promotes healthy aging.
Notas taxonômicas em Verbenaceae da Flora do Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Pedro Henrique , Salimena Fátima Regina Gonçalves
Published: January 2020

RESUMO A identidade taxonômica de Lantana glaziovii Moldenke e Lippia nana Schauer é revisada. Estes táxons vêm sendo tratados como sinônimos de Lippia grandiflora Mart. & Schauer e Lippia pumila Cham., respectivamente. Após análise detalhada de protólogos, coleções de herbários e literatura relevante, Lantana glaziovii e Lippia nana são restabelecidas e reconhecidas como espécies autônomas. Além disso, um lectótipo é designado para Lippia nana.
Gesneriaceae da Serra da Pedra Branca, Caldas, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Luciana Carvalho , Rezende Munike Gonçalves de , Chautems Alain , Menini Neto Luiz
Published: January 2020

RESUMO A Serra da Pedra Branca (SPB) localiza-se no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, no município de Caldas (21°58’-21°55’S e 46°24’-46°22’W). Inserida no Domínio Atlântico e considerada área prioritária para a conservação da flora no Estado de Minas Gerais, é uma feição marcante no relevo, com cotas altimétricas entre 1100 e 1780 m.s.m. Apresenta um mosaico composto por campos de altitude (o qual ocupa maior extensão na área), Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana, Floresta Ombrófila Densa Alto-Montana e Floresta Ombrófila Mista. A família Gesneriaceae está representada na SPB por cinco espécies do gênero Sinningia: S. aggregata (Ker Gawl.) Wiehler, S. allagophylla (Mart.) Wiehler, S. douglasii (Lindl) Chautems, S. magnifica (Otto & A.Dietr.) Wiehler) e S. striata (Fritsch) Chautems. São apresentadas chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, ilustrações, comentários ecológicos, taxonômicos e de distribuição geográfica das espécies.
PENENTUAN DAERAH SAFETY PERIMETER DENGAN SOFTWARE HOTSPOT VERSI 3.0.3 PADA KECELAKAAN REAKTOR RSG-GAS PADA DAYA 5 MW , 10 MW dan 15 MW
Authors: Suhartono Suhartono , Subiharto Subiharto
Published: January 2020

PENENTUAN DAERAH SAFETY PERIMETER DENGAN SOFTWARE HOTSPOT VERSI 3.0.3 PADA KECELAKAAN REAKTOR RSG-GAS PADA DAYA 5 MW , 10 MW DAN 15 MW. Reaktor Serba Guna G.A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) merupakan reaktor riset di Indonesia dengan daya maksimum yang dibangkitkan sebesar 30 MW. Reaktor dioperasikan untuk melayani pengguna yang akan memanfaatkan neutron yang dihasilkan dari reaksi fisi di teras reaktor. Dalam mengoperasikan reaktor dilakukan sesuai dengan ketentuan keselamatan yang berlaku dari IAEA maupun BAPETEN. Pada kondisi kecelakaan reaktor yang mengakibatkan terlepasnya zat radioaktif kelingkungan sudah dipersiapkan program kesiapsiagaan dan tanggap darurat nukir tingkat fasilitas RSG-GAS. Langkah antisipasi dari ancaman bahaya radiasi bagi personil, penduduk disekitar dan petugas penanggulangan kedaruratan nuklir RSG-GAS dilakukan dengan langkah secepat mungkin menentukan daerah safety perimeter pada saat terjadi kedaruratan. Untuk itu dilakukan penentuan daerah safety perimeter dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak HotSpot Versi 3.0.3 pada saat terjadi lepasan zat radioaktif ke lingkungan. Menurut peraturan IAEA bahwa daerah safety perimeter adalah laju dosis di sekitar fasilitas yang mengalami kecelakaan dengan nilai terukur 100 μSv/jam. Dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak HotSpot Versi 3.0.3 daerah safety perimeter secara cepat akan dapat diketahui sehingga petugas penanggulangan kedaruratan tidak perlu melakukan mengukur langsung. Dari hasil simulasi dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Hotspot Versi 3.0.3 diperoleh bahwa daerah safety perimeter pada saat terjadi kecelakaan di RSG-GAS pada daya reaktor 5, 10 dan 15 MW adalah jarak radius antara 200-1000 m dari RSG-GAS.Kata kunci : Hotspot, safety perimeter, kedaruratan nuklir, reaktor
KAJIAN BAHAYA RADIASI TERHADAP NORM DALAM SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN DI LINGKUNGAN DAS CISADANE HULU DAN CIUJUNG HULU
Authors: Hutabarat Tommy
Published: January 2020

KAJIAN BAHAYA RADIASI TERHADAP NORM DALAM SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN DI LINGKUNGAN DAS CISADANE HULU DAN CIUJUNG HULU. Manusia secara terus menerus terpapar radiasi karena kehadirannya dimana – mana di bumi. NORM berpotensi memberikan dampak radiologi baik berupa pajanan radiasi eksterna maupun interna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi radioaktivitas NORM dalam sedimen sungai pada DAS Cisadane Hulu dan DAS Ciujung Hulu. Pengambilan sampel permukaan endapan sedimen dilakukan menggunakan scrapper. Seluruh sampel dikeringkan pada suhu kamar selama 3–4 hari. Setelah kering, sampel digerus halus (200 mesh) menggunakan mortar, kemudian diayak dan ditimbang secara seksama sebanyak 0,5 kg dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung plastik polietilen dan di-seal. Pengukuran radionuklida U-238 dan Th-232 beserta turunannya dan radionuklida K-40 dilakukan menggunakan spektrometer gamma. Konsentrasi radionuklida alam U-238, Th-232, dan K-40 yang diperoleh dari ke dua lokasi DAS sangat kecil dibawah baku mutu yaitu sebesar 25 Bq/kg dan masih dibawah rata-rata dunia. Sebaran konsentrasi U-238 di kedua lokasi berkisar antara 6,38 – 17,67 Bq/kg, konsentrasi aktivitas Th-232 dan K-40 masing–masing berkisar anatara 11,56 – 23,45 Bq/kg dan 49,76 – 289,65 Bq/kg. Nilai Ra eq pada ke dua lokasi DAS berkisar antara 34,799 - 56,912 Bq/kg masih dibawa batas yang direkomemdasikan oleh UNSCEAR yaitu sebesar 370 Bq/kg. Nilai indeks bahaya radiasi Iγг, indeks bahaya radiasi internal (Ibi), dan indeks bahaya radiasi eksternal (Ibe) di kedua lokasi DAS masing–masing 1 sehingga masih aman terhadap manusia. Dari hasil uji statistik terhadap parameter Ra eq dan tingkat bahaya radiasi tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara ke dua lokasi DAS.Kata kunci :NORM, sedimen, indek bahaya radiasi
PERANCANGAN MODIFIKASI SISTEM INSTRUMENTASI DAN KENDALI PADA SISTEM IRADIASI RABBIT HIDROLIK REAKTOR RSG-GAS BERBASIS OPC SERVER DAN LABVIEW
Authors: Gusman Ranji , Sujarwono Sujarwono , Suherkiman Heri , Sunarko Sunarko
Published: January 2020

PERANCANGAN MODIFIKASI SISTEM INSTRUMENTASI DAN KENDALI PADA SISTEM IRADIASI RABBIT HIDROLIK REAKTOR RSG-GAS BERBASIS OPC SERVER DAN LABVIEW. Sistem iradiasi rabbit hidrolik adalah salah satu fasilitas iradiasi yang terletak pada berilium reflektor teras reaktor yang digunakan untuk produksi radioisotop dan Analisa Aktivasi Neutron (AAN). Saat ini sistem iradiasi rabbit hidrolik tersebut, pada sistem instrumentasi dan kendalinya telah menggunakan PLC Siemens S7-300 CPU tipe 315-2DP dengan komunikasi serial MPI sebagai pengendali dan HMI menggunakan perangkat lunak WinCC. Pada sistem tersebut, belum semua parameter operasi diproses PLC dan masih menggunakan perangkat keras untuk melakukan pengaturan waktu iradiasi. Pada tulisan ini, dilakukan perancangan modifikasi sistem instrumentasi dan kendali sistem iradiasi rabbit hidrolik. Metode perancangan dilakukan dengan mempelajari sistem iradiasi rabbit hidrolik, pengumpulan data I/O dan parameter operasi, mengganti dan menambahkan perangkat keras yang diperlukan, pengaturan koneksi PLC dan pembuatan HMI. Pada perancangan dilakukan pengolahan parameter operasi secara keseluruhan seperti data sensor temperature, konduktivitas, level air, dan tekanan serta optimasi PLC Siemens S7-300 dengan mengganti CPU lama dengan CPU baru tipe 315-2PN/DP yang dilengkapi fasilitas komunikasi LAN dan menggunakan antarmuka OPC server. Pada perancangan digunakan perangkat lunak LabVIEW sebagai HMI untuk tampilan pengaturan waktu dan start iradiasi, perekaman data iradiasi, status posisi kapsul iradiasi, status sensor dan visualisasi sistem proses rabbit hidrolik. Kata kunci : perancangan modifikasi, sistem iradiasi rabbit hidrolik, OLE for Process Control (OPC), LabVIEW.
ANALISIS PENGOPERASIAN REAKTOR RSG-GAS PADA TERAS 96 DENGAN DAYA MAKSIMUM 30 MW
Authors: Sukiyanto Sukiyanto , Susanto Susanto , Nurtanto Bagus Dwi
Published: January 2020

ANALISIS PENGOPERASIAN REAKTOR RSG-GAS PADA TERAS 96 DENGAN DAYA MAKSIMUM 30 MW. Reaktor RSG-GAS merupakan reaktor riset dengan daya nominal 30 MW termal yang digunakan untuk kegiatan penelitian, iradiasi, pendidikan dan pelatihan.Reaktor RSG-GAS dioperasikan rutin hanya pada daya 15 MW, sedangkan operasi reaktor dengan daya maksimum 30 MW dilakukan dalam waktu tertentu sesuai permintaan dan  persetujuan dari BAPETEN (sebagai badan pengawas). Pengoperasian reaktor RSG-GAS pada teras 92 dengan daya maksimum 30 MW ada perbedaan/ ketidaksesuaian antara daya yang dikehendaki (30 MW) dengan daya aktual (28,008 MW). Pengoperasian reaktor RSG-GAS pada teras 96 dengan daya 30 MW dilakukan kalibrasi daya reaktor kemudian hasilnya dibandingkan dengan daya yang dikehendaki. Hasil kalibrasi daya reaktor untuk pengoperasian daya 30 MW adalah sebesar 30,040 MW. Hasil perbandingan antara daya aktual / hasil kalibrasi dengan daya yang dikehendaki hampir sama. Hal tersebut menunjukan terjadi kesesuaian pengoperasian reaktor RSG-GAS pada teras 96 dengan daya maksimum 30 MW. Kata kunci: Reaktor RSG-GAS, Operasi Reaktor, Kalibrasi Daya, .
PERANCANGAN SENSOR PENGUKUR KECEPATAN KAPSUL IRADIASI DI FASILITAS SISTEM RABBIT PNEUMATIK
Authors: Ali Hanapi , Mustofa Kawkab , Sunarko Sunarko , Sufmawan Asnul
Published: January 2020

PERANCANGAN SENSOR PENGUKUR KECEPATAN KAPSUL IRADIASI PNEUMATIK DI FASILITAS RABBIT SISTEM PNEUMATIK. Fasilitas iradiasi rabbit sistem pneumatik dikhususkan untuk mengiradiasi suatu spesimen atau sampel dengan waktu paruh pendek, sehingga dibutuhkan waktu transfer yang singkat dengan kecepatan transfer yang disyaratkan sebesar 10 m/s. Mengetahui kecepatan transfer kapsul bermanfaat dalam menentukan waktu iradiasi dan proteksi terhadap rusaknya kapsul tersebut karena tumbukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkiraan keakuratan sensor pengukur kecepatan yang dirancang. Dua buah sensor berbasis fotoelektrik digunakan untuk mengukur waktu layang atau Time of Flight (ToF) yang dibangkitkan oleh media yang diukur. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan simulasi digital dengan perangkat lunak. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan hubungan antara waktu layang terhadap error pengukuran dan error kecepatan 10 m/s sebesar 2%. Error 2 % didapatkan dari hasil pengolahan data secara statistik.Kata Kunci : Rabbit sistem pneumatik, perancangan sensor kecepatan, waktu layang, foto elektrik, iradiasi
KAJIAN REVISI PERATURAN KEPALA BATAN NO. 020/KA/I/2012 TENTANG PEDOMAN PENILAIAN RISIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA
Authors: Prasuad Prasuad
Published: January 2020

KAJIAN REVISI PERATURAN KEPALA BATAN NOMOR 020/KA/I/2012 TENTANG PEDOMAN PENILAIAN RISIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA. Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional  sebagaibadan pengoperasi fasilitas radiasi nuklir maupun non nuklir   sangat memprioritaskan keselamatan dalam setiap kegiatannya.  Menyadari  perkembangan kegiatan  pengoperasian fasilitas  yang  makin  berkembang  serta  waktu pemberlakuan  Perka Batan No. 020/KA/I/2012 yang sudah memasuki tahap revisi, maka Perka ini perlu dilakukan revisi. Kajian pada revisi ini difokuskan pada adanya perubahan pada skala konsekuensi dan nilai pada skala risiko. Adanya perubahan dari 5 (lima)  skala konsekuensi menjadi 3 (tiga) skala konsekuesi hal ini akan mengakibatkanperubahan pada penilaian pemeringkatan risiko pada suatu aktivitas. Dengan  3 (tiga) konsekuensi maka ini  maka perhitungan risiko harus dibuat dengan lebih seksama karena akan sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap nilai perhitungan skala risiko,   tindakan yang akan diterima,   pengendaliannya maupun dampak tidak langsung terhadap penguatan SMK3 dan Budaya Keselamatan.
PEMBUATAN ALAT PENANGANAN ELEMEN TERAS MULTIGUNA REAKTOR RSG-GAS
Authors: Pardi Pardi , Afrizal Herdi
Published: January 2020

PEMBUATAN ALAT PENANGANAN ELEMEN TERAS MULTIGUNA REAKTOR RSG-GAS. Untuk melengkapi kebutuhan peralatan penanganan elemen teras yang mudah dioperasikan serta memenuhi kriteria keselamatan yang tinggi, maka telah dibuat suatu alat penanganan elemen teras multiguna di PRSG. Dalam proses pembuatannya  komponen yang digunakan sama dengan peralatan penanganan elemen teras lama, baik jenis material maupun ukurannya. Material yang digunakan untuk alat penanganan elemen teras multiguna ini adalah pipa Al 6063 diameter 25,4 x 1 mm sebagai pipa dalam yang berfungsi untuk pengunci dan pipa Al 6063 diameter 45 x 2 mm merupakan pipa luar yang berfungsi sebagai pemegang dan pemindah. Tahapan pembuatan alat penanganan elemen teras multiguna dimulai dari identifikasi masalah, perancangan dan pembuatan gambar teknis, fabrikasi, instalasi dan uji fungsi. Dari hasil uji fungsi yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa alat ini dapat berfungsi dengan baik, serta efektif dalam pengoperasiannya. Kata kunci : Alat penanganan elemen teras, pembuatan dan pengujian
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI PERAWATAN NON RUTIN REAKTOR RSG-GAS BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Catur Aep Saepudin , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Susana Salsalina
Published: January 2020

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI PERAWATAN NON RUTIN REAKTOR RSG-GAS BERBASIS WEB. Perawatan reaktor dibagi menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu perawatan rutin yang terjadwal dan perawatan non rutin yang dilakukan berdasarkan gangguan/kerusakan. Kegiatan perawatan merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi pengoperasian reaktor. Meskipun demikian, mekanisme pekerjaannya hingga dokumentasi perawatan reaktor RSG-GAS masih menggunakan metode konvensional yang belum memanfaatkan teknologi informasi secara maksimal. Perancangan aplikasi sistem informasi ini dimaksudkan untuk menyediakan data maupun informasi yang berkaitan dengan proses bisnis pelaksanaan kegiatan perawatan non rutin. Pada metode perancangan akan dibahas mengenai proses/alur bekerja, kebutuhan pengguna, desain aplikasi hingga basis data perawatan. Dari hasil perancangan sistem informasi perawatan non rutin reaktor RSG-GAS dapat diimplementasikan dengan baik sehingga sudah dapat menggantikan perawatan non rutin yang masih berjalan secara konvensional. Sehingga perancangan ini memudahkan penelusuran data perawatan, mengetahui riwayat gangguan serta penggunaan suku cadang. Keywords: Sistem Informasi, Perawatan Non Rutin, SSK RSG-GAS, Perancangan
Vrygelate gevangenes word as gevangenispersoneel aangestel: Kan Suid-Afrika leer by hierdie nuwe internasionale tendens?
Authors: Lötter C
Published: January 2020

In die lig van die huidige nypende tekort aan gevangenispersoneel by die Departement Korrektiewe Dienste word opvattinge omtrent die werwing van vrygelate model-oortreders krities ondersoek. As teoretiese raamwerk word 'n kruis-kulturele of vergelykende kriminologiese perspektief sowel as 'n post-Marxistiese metodologie (in die tradisie van Frankfurt Skool Kritiese Teorie), ingespan en daar word ook gepoog om 'n pleidooi vir die belang van hierdie twee perspektiewe vir akademiese kriminologie ter plaatse te lewer. As vertrekpunt word John Braithwaite se belangrike onderskeid tussen hardestigmatiserend-beskamingskulture (Suid-Afrika, die VSA) en integrerend-beskamende kulture (China, Japan) ontleed ten einde die Chinese gesigspunt, wat reeds sedert die vyftigerjare aldaar suksesvol toegepas word in die werwing van gevangenes na vrylating as tronkpersoneel, te ondersoek. China verteenwoordig die een uiterste (integrasie) van die beskamingskultuurkontinuïteit, terwyl die VSA die ander uiterste (stigmatisering) verteenwoordig. Aangesien korrektiewe dienste in die VSA sedert 2018 tot 'n beperkte mate ook begin het met die werwing van vrygelate gevangenes, kan daar tereg van 'n internasionele tendens in die werwing van vrygelate gevangenes as gevangenispersoneel gepraat word. Die vraag wat ondersoek word, is of Suid-Afrika, as 'n hardestigmatiserend-beskamingskultuur met een van die hoogste heroortredingsyfers in die wêreld, se korrektiewe beleidsraamwerk by hierdie bemoedigende integrerende inisiatief kan baat. Terselfdertyd word die hoop uitgespreek dat die hoë vlakke van geweld in ons tronke getemper sou kon word deur die vooruitsig dat vrygelate model-gevangenes hoëprestasielewering tot die Departement se hervormingspogings sal kan toevoeg.
Perceived occupational gaps among the Ugandan general population - a pilot study
Authors: Guidetti Susanne , Utbult Matilda , Kamwesiga Julius , Eriksson Gunilla
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE: This study aimed at culturally adapting the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire and to describe gaps which may exist during participation in everyday occupations i.e. the discrepancy between what a person wants to do and what he or she actually does in everyday life, in a reference sample from an English-speaking population in Uganda and furthermore to explore differences in occupational gaps between the Ugandan and Swedish reference samples. METHOD: A cross-sectional design was used and data were collected using the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire in four different districts in Uganda (n = 252). The Swedish representative sample included 771 people. RESULTS: Occupational gaps were reported by 91% of the participants (mean=5.8; SD=3.9) in Uganda. The number of gaps per person was higher than in the Swedish sample. The most common gaps in the Ugandan sample were reported as Working (42%), Studying (37%) and Hobbies (35%) in comparison to Cleaning (29%), Sports (23%) Hobbies as well as Travelling for pleasure (20%) in the Swedish sample. Younger participants perceived significantly more gaps than older participants in both samples. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the participants perceived gaps, indicating that occupational gaps are perceived to a greater extent in Uganda. Key words: Activities in daily living, participation in everyday occupations, assessment, culture, reference sample, self-report
Non-attendance of occupational and physiotherapy appointments at Western Cape Rehabilitation Centre: a description of associated factors
Authors: de Klerk Susan , Eloff Lize , Naudé Zani , Boon Andrea , Carelse Megan , Steward Michaela , Zaidi Minal
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Occupational therapists and physiotherapists use outpatient follow-up appointments to continue and monitor the effectiveness and outcome of therapy interventions. Attendance of follow-up appointments is essential, as non-attendance has negative implications for both the patient and the healthcare facility. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective, cross-sectional study made use of a period sample of all outpatients with scheduled appointments between January and December 2017 (n = 837) at the Western Cape Rehabilitation Centre (WCRC). Children under the age of 18 years were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the identified variables of the sample. Logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio for the association between non-attendances and identified covariates. RESULTS: The sample population of 837 patients, included 516 attenders and 321 non-attenders. Factors that had an association with non-attendance included hospital classification, diagnostic category and impairment according to ICD 10 coding (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This article describe factors associated with non-attendance of outpatients to scheduled occupational therapy and physiotherapy appointments at the WCRC. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for non-attendance at institutions such as WCRC which will assist in the implementation of strategies to reduce high non-attendance rates. Key words: non-attendance, occupational and physiotherapy appointments, outpatient appointments
Isparta İlinde Adli Geriatrik Ölümler: 2010 – 2018 Verileri
Authors: YILDIZ Abdulkadir , ÇAYLI Erdinç , KAYĞUSUZ Özgür Riza , KARA Gülsüm Hülya
Published: January 2020

Amaç: Isparta’da postmortem inceleme yapılan 65 yaş ve üzeri adli geriatrik
ölümlerin ölüm orijini, nedeni ve mekanizmalarını belirleyerek geriatrik ölüm
olgularında adli otopsinin önemi ile yaşlı nüfusun sağlık ve sosyal sorunlarına
dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Adli
Tıp Anabilim Dalında 01.01.2010 – 31.12.2018 tarihleri arasında adli ölü
muayene ve otopsisi yapılan 65 yaş ve üzeri 265 olgunun otopsi tutanakları
retrospektif incelenerek istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Adli ölü muayenesi ve otopsi uygulanmış toplam 1172 olgudan
%22,6’sının 65 yaş ve üzeri kişilerden oluştuğu saptandı. Yaş ortalaması
76,71±7,33 olarak saptanan olguların %68,7’si erkekti. Olguların %41,1’inin
erken yaşlılık (65-74 yaş), %42,3’ünün orta yaşlılık döneminde (75-84 yaş) olduğu
belirlendi. %27,5’inin doğal orijinli, %72,5’inin ise zorlamalı ölümler olduğu,
doğal orijinli ölüm nedenleri arasında ilk sırayı %65,8 ile kardiyovasküler
hastalıkların aldığı, zorlamalı ölümlerin %88’inin kaza, %6,8’inin intihar,
%3,1’inin cinayet, %2,1’inin hayvan saldırısı orijinli olduğu tespit edildi. Olguların
%22,6’sında ölü bulunma öyküsü olduğu belirlendi.

Sonuç:  Yaşlıların ölüm orijinlerinin, nedenlerinin
ve mekanizmalarının belirlenmesi, önüne geçilmesi mümkün olan nedenlere yönelik
sosyal ve sağlık tedbirlerinin alınmasını sağlayabilir. Kazalara bağlı ölüm
oranlarının yüksekliği dikkate alındığında yaşlılıkla birlikte ortaya çıkan,
hareket, denge ve dikkat kaybına bağlı ölümle sonuçlanan kazaların engellenmesi
için trafikte ve evde özel önlemler alınması gerekmektedir. Yine sosyal
izolasyonun önüne geçilmesi ile intihara bağlı ve bakım eksikliği sonucu meydana
gelebilecek doğal ölümlerin önüne geçilmesi de mümkün olabilecektir.
Distribution of Metals in Red and White Axial Muscles of Three Fish Species from the Krasnoyarsk Reservoir
Authors: Yablokov Nikita O. , Anishchenko Olesya V. , Zuev Ivan V.
Published: January 2020

The content of metals in fish fillet is an important criterion for food safety and nutritional benefits. Fish fillet is composed of both white and red muscles, but the standard method only detects metal content in white muscle. The true metal content in fish fillet can be underestimated due to this approach. So far, metal content in different types of muscle tissue of freshwater fish remains virtually unstudied. The aim of the present research was to study the metal content in red and white muscles of roach Rutilus rutilus, bream Abramis brama and pike Esox lucius that live in the Krasnoyarsk reservoir. Twenty metals were measured in the dry mass of red and white muscles of three fish species using inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) spectrometry. The contents of macronutrients such as K, Ca and Mg were higher in white muscle fibers and Na – in red fibers. Of the 16 metals regarded as trace elements, the highest contents in the muscles were noted for Fe (20.5-177.8 μg/g), Zn (26.7-79.0 μg/g), and Al (15.2- 67.2 μg/g), regardless of the fish species and type of tissue. Li (0.01-0.09 μg/g) and Cd (0.01-0.03 μg/g) had the lowest concentrations. Among trace elements, the contents of Cu and Fe were significantly higher in the dry biomass of red muscle compared with white muscle for the three fish species. The content of Zn was higher in the red muscle of bream and pike. Almost all other trace elements also tended to accumulate in higher concentrations in the red muscle. Differences between red and white muscles in the contents of trace elements such as Pb and Sr were species-specific. The distribution of metals between the two types of muscle fibers demonstrated by the freshwater species examined in this study was similar to the distribution of metals in marine fish, except the distribution of Sr. Thus, the greater capacity of the red muscle for accumulating most heavy metals confirmed in the present study may indicate a greater risk to health in eating this type of tissue
Creation of a Multi-Layer Coating from Ni, Cr, Cu, Pig Iron, TT10K8 Alloy on a Carbon Alloy and Study of the Composition of the Coating and Microhardness
Authors: Vostrikov Yaroslav A. , Sleptcova Sardana A.
Published: January 2020

The article explores the time it takes to form a coating. Various combinations of materials are shown and the best option for creating a coating with the desired parameters is selected. Shows the effect of the coating composition on the change of microhardness
The Implementation of Language Policy in Ukraine at the Legislative Level: Implications and Prospects
Authors: Prystupenko Tetiana
Published: January 2020

The relevance of studying the features of language policy implementation in Ukraine at the legislative level is based on the increasing understanding of Ukrainian language importance as an integral component of ensuring a nation’s identity and unity of the people as well as supporting for statehood.

The main objective of the article is to study the implications and prospects for implementation of the language policy in Ukraine, taking into account the latest legislative innovations.

The methodological framework provides for the use of methods of analysis, synthesis and a systematic approach for a comprehensive consideration of the processes of implementation of national language policy at the legislative level. To study the changes in the legislative regulation of language policy during the period of independence of Ukraine, the methods of study of documents and retrospective analysis were applied. The attitude of scientists to the situation of bilingualism has been also studied using the methods of comparison and generalization.

As a result of the research, it was revealed that formation of a clear language policy is an essential condition for promoting the cohesion of a multi-ethnic Ukrainian society, inasmuch as the existing situation of bilingualism leads to a disunity of the nation. Although the Ukrainian language is defined by the state at the constitutional level, however, its introduction into all spheres of public life until 2014 was quite slow, especially in the eastern and southern regions. Since 2010, the language policy was actually aimed at reducing the use of the Ukrainian language and the dominance of Russian in the information and cultural space of Ukraine. Since 2012, Ukraine had a law that provided for legitimization of “regional languages” in certain areas (it was declared as unconstitutional one in February 2018). The prospect of implementation of language policy at the legislative level is adoption of the Law “On ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language” (passed the first reading on October 4, 2018), which defines the Ukrainian language as the only state language, establishing the requirements for fluency in the Ukrainian language and its use in the work of state authorities and public areas.
Anticipating and Planning for the Duration of Counseling
Authors: Hatchett Gregory T.
Published: January 2020

One parameter of the treatment planning process that needs more attention is the expected duration of counseling. Mental health counselors should be prepared to discuss with new clients both the typical duration of counseling and the rate of change that commonly occurs throughout counseling. Mental health counselors should be aware that most of their clients will attend only a few sessions before discontinuing, and they should plan counseling services accordingly. Furthermore, researchers have found that most client improvement occurs within the first few sessions, with diminishing returns as counseling continues, and discontinuation tends to occur when clients reach a level of improvement that they, but perhaps not their counselors, consider to be satisfactory. The purpose of this article is to describe how research on the base rate of counseling and the trajectory of client change can enhance the treatment planning process for both clients and counselors.
Os Efeitos do Jejum Intermitente nos Parâmetros Bioquímicos de Ratos Wistar
Authors: Chamorro André Luiz Jacques , Fujii Beatriz Kiyoko , Bacha Eduardo Machado , Lins Gabriel Cabral Valadares , Yamakawa Kawana Ribeiro , Bento Leda Márcia Araujo , Lorenzon Luiza Engel , Silva Maethany Nayandra Oliveira , Lima Rafaela Alves , Seraphim Victor Yukio Iwata , Asato William Barbosa Martins
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as repercussões bioquímicas em ratos Wistar submetidos ao jejum intermitente por 15, 30 e 60 dias, modelo de dieta intercalada por períodos de restrição total de alimentação com períodos de alimentação ad libitum. O estudo foi realizado com 40 ratos Wistar, machos divididos em três grupos, todos recebendo a ração Nuvital®. Os ratos submetidos ao jejum intermitente tiveram esse tipo de dieta durante 3 dias na semana e nos demais dias tiveram acesso livre a ração e água. Os animais foram pesados semanalmente e, após o período de jejum intermitente, foram eutanasiados para a coleta de sangue e análise bioquímica (glicemia, triglicérides, colesterol total e frações). Houve redução significativa do peso e triglicerídeos nos animais do grupo de jejum em relação ao grupo controle durante 15 dias. Em relação ao grupo de 30 dias de jejum, houve redução significativa de colesterol total e HDL. Nos animais submetidos à dieta durante 60 dias, houve diminuição significativa de colesterol total e HDL, no entanto, o consumo de água aumentou consideravelmente. Conclui-se  que o jejum intermitente durante 15 dias causou alterações bioquímicas favoráveis ao metabolismo desses animais. Palavras-chave: Jejum Intermitente. Restrição Calórica. Prevenção. AbstractThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical effects in healthy Wistar rats submitted by 15, 30 and 60 days to intermittent fasting, a model of interspersed diet between periods of total food restriction withfood ad libitum period. The study was performed with 40 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 3 groups, all receiving Nuvital®. The rats submitted to intermittent fasting had this type of diet during 3 days a week and on the other days had free access to food. They received water ad libitum every day. The analysis related to metabolic changes resulting from fasting were performed by means of serum biochemical analysis (blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL) at the end of the experiment. There was a significant reduction of weight and triglycerides from the fasting group in relation to the control group in 15 days, there was no significant increase in parameters during this period of diet. Concerning the 30-day fasting  group, there was a significant reduction of total cholesterol and HDL. Therefore, Intermittent Fasting in 15 days only demonstrated biochemical benefits. Keywords: Intermittent Fasting. Caloric restriction. Prevention.
Spectacles and Specters of Indigenous Peoples in How Tasty Was My Little Frenchman
Authors: Johnston Katherine D.
Published: January 2020

Nelson Pereira dos Santos's 1971 film How Tasty Was My Little Frenchman is a strategic allegory for colonial and imperialist resistance, as well as a metatextual declaration of Brazilian national cinema. In the spirit of Oswald de Andrade's “Manifesto Antropofago,” dos Santos uses European encounters with the Tupinambá as an allegory for neocolonial invasions, embracing cannibalism not only as subject matter, but also as an artistic sensibility. The film adapts various source materials, principally German adventurer Hans Staden's 1556 captivity narrative, and is generally celebrated for undermining the stability of historical narratives. However, this paper argues that How Tasty remains a re-vision of an illusion, one notably devoid of a Native referent.
Diné Clans and Climate Change: A Historical Lesson for Land Use Today
Authors: Kelley Klara , Francis Harris
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the history of the Diné (Navajo) system of kinship and clanship as a response to environmental and political instability. We describe the Diné traditional system of k'éí, kinship and clanship, held together by k'é, the ethic of universal relatedness, and how, after 1930, the system has fared under conquest, settler colonialism, climate change, and replacement with a government-administered grazing-permit system. As long recognized, through the k'é principle, the clan system distributed people on the land flexibly in response to unstable conditions for farming and stock raising. Less understood is that, through kéí—the mutual rights and responsibilities of clan relatives—the system also limited that flexibility to make the distribution more orderly.
UDP-glucose:solasodine glucosyltransferase from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) leaves: partial purification and characterization.
Authors: Paczkowski C , Kalinowska M , Wojciechowski Z A
Published: January 2020

Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose-dependent glucosyltransferase which catalyzes the glycosylation of solasodine i.e. UDP-glucose:solasodine glucosyltransferase, is present in leaves, roots, unripe fruits and unripe seeds of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The glucosylation product is chromatographically identical with authentic solasodine 3 beta-D-monoglucoside, a putative intermediate in the biosynthesis of solasodine-based glycoalkaloids characteristic of the eggplant. The enzyme was purified about 50-fold from crude cytosol fraction of eggplant leaves by ammonium sulphate precipitation and column chromatography on Q-Sepharose and Sephadex G-100. The native enzyme has a molecular mass of approx. 55 kDa and pH optimum of 8.5. Divalent metal ions are not required for its activity but the presence of free-SH groups is essential. Besides solasodine (Km = 0.04 microM), the enzyme effectively glucosylates tomatidine, another steroidal alkaloid of the spirosolane type, but it is virtually inactive towards the solanidane-type steroidal alkaloids such as solanidine or demissidine. The enzyme is specific for UDP-glucose (Km = 2.1 microM) since unlabelled ADP-, GDP-, CDP- or TDP-glucose could not effectively compete with UDP-[14C]glucose used as the sugar donor for solasodine glucosylation. Moreover, no synthesis of labelled solasodine galactoside was observed when UDP-[14C]glucose was replaced with UDP-[14C]galactose.
Reversibility of the oleanolic acid monoglycosides transport across the tonoplast in vacuoles isolated from Calendula officinalis leaves.
Authors: Szakiel A , Janiszowska W
Published: January 2020

The possibility of the reversible tonoplast transport of oleanolic acid monoglycosides was investigated in vacuoles isolated from Calendula officinalis leaf protoplasts. The obtained results point to the reversibility of the transport of monoglucoside I, whereas monoglucuronide F seems to be definitely stored in the vacuolar space.
Autonomous replication of a wheat DNA sequence in isolated wheat nuclei.
Authors: Szurmak B , Buchowicz J
Published: January 2020

A fragment of wheat nuclear DNA was shown to be able to replicate autonomously in wheat nuclei. The fragment was 637-bp long and contained telomeric repeats at both termini. Its replication was manifested by the appearance of a radioactive reaction product of the same approximate size. Further analyses showed that the linear, double-stranded reaction product was labelled along its entire length and contained the same number of similarly located HaeIII sites as did the fragment tested. Prokaryotic DNA remained unlabelled under the same assay conditions.
The influence of polyamines on polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Authors: Fiedorow P , Szweykowska-Kulińska Z
Published: January 2020

Twelve different polyamines from three functional groups have been tested for their influence on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using crude total DNA from liverwort Pellia borealis we have found that tri- and tetramines can strongly improve the efficiency of PCR.
Activity of cancer procoagulant (CP) in serum of patients with cancer of lung, breast, oesophagus and colorectum.
Authors: Rucińska M , Furman M , Skrzydlewski Z , Zaremba E
Published: January 2020

Activity of cancer procoagulant (CP) was studied in blood serum of 90 patients with cancer of lung, breast, oesophagus and colorectum, and of 15 healthy people. The activity of CP was determined by the coagulation method. Sera of patients with cancer showed higher mean activity of CP than sera of healthy control. Of the 90 cancer patients 78 were identified correctly by this test as having cancer (sensitivity 85%). In the case of lung and colorectal cancers the higher CP activity was observed the more advanced was the clinical stage of cancer, and the test was positive in 100%. After radical removal of malignant tumor of lung, decreased CP activity was found.
Is the Tax Burden a Generating Factor of Fiscal Evasion in South-East Europe?
Authors: Andreea Cristea Loredana , Daniela Vodă Alina , Ciocanea Bianca , Luca Mihaela
Published: January 2020

Tax evasion is a pernicious phenomenon, very widespread in the world, which is closely linked to the system of taxes and fees. This is considered to be a response to the excessive fiscal pressure exerted on taxpayers. Bypassing the law is also closely related to the phenomenon of corruption and its removal is a difficult target, under the existing conditions. The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of corruption and fiscal pressure on the phenomenon of tax evasion, materialized by the shadow economy indicator. The analysis is carried out over a period of 18 years, namely 1999-2016, for six countries of South-Eastern Europe, member states of the European Union, divided into two categories, namely developed and emerging states. The research methodology requires a comparative analysis of existing situations in the research countries. Also, we will use the econometric analysis, with the help of statistical package for social sciences, of the relationship between the underground economy and corruption, as well as the correlation between tax burden exerted by the budget revenues and tax evasion. Being difficult to quantify, the level of shadow economy has been taken from Friedrich Schneider’s studies, through which he measured underground economy in 157 countries over the period 1999-2013; but also in 36 states, between 2003 and 2016. The level of corruption is measured using the corruption perception index at the international level and the tax burden is calculated as the ratio between tax revenue and gross domestic product.
Keywords: tax burden, shadow economy, corruption, South-East Europe.
Retail Evolution in Eastern European Countries: An Overview
Authors: Pentescu Alma , Paștiu Cosmin
Published: January 2020

Retail has evolved a lot in the last years. Still, compared to more mature markets (such as US, UK, Germany, France, Sweden, the Netherlands), retail in Eastern European countries is less developed, with more balanced supply and demand. According to GfK’s report on European Retail in 2018, in 2017 there was a slight increase (+1.9 percent) in the purchasing power within the European Union (EU28) countries, Romania having the biggest increase (+7.8 percent) [1]. However, Romania’s low per capita purchasing power shows a gap in wealth levels across Europe. Huge differences between Western and Eastern Europe are visible also in terms of per capita values for retail space. Thus, the purpose of this descriptive research study is to analyze and compare how retail has evolved during recent years in Eastern European countries, with the help of several indicators. Data was collected from Eurostat and other industry reports. Results show that in EU28 countries the turnover in wholesale and retail trade has constantly grown (between 2011-2016), trend visible also in Bulgaria and North Macedonia. Per capita sales area increased too (between 2014-2017) in most Eastern European countries. This positive trend is visible also for retail turnover per m2 of sales area in all countries considered, although there are differences among them (with Bulgaria and Romania ranked the lowest and Cyprus and Greece the highest).
Keywords: Retail, Eastern Europe, secondary data, indicators
Contemporary Aspects of Financial – Banking Responsibility
Authors: Doina Bratu Renate
Published: January 2020

We all as individuals have responsibility for any decisions, in terms of time, value and risk. In time, the system in which we are evolving requires different behaviors that are in alignment with our interests, as individuals, as organizations or as institutions. The paper brings into attention the concept of financial responsibility manifested in financial – banking environment, as a concept and as a species of financial education (or literacy). The main aim of this article is to evaluate the awareness, the manifestation and the importance of financial responsibility in Romania. The primary results reveal the fact that financial responsibility can improve the positive effects on individual’s welfare, and also the good impact that the financial system has on market economy.  Moreover,  here it is also evaluating the impact of financial education on  the financial responsibility manifestation, as well as the theoretical interdependence ratio between those two terms – financial responsibility and financial education/literacy.
Keywords: financial – banking responsibility, moral hazard, financial education.