bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOMUNIKASI PEREMPUAN TENTANG HARMONISASI KELUARGA POLIGAMI
Authors: Islami Dian Ismi
Published: April 2022

Polygamy in Indonesia is legalized in accordance with UUUP No. 1 of 1974 article 3 paragraph (2), while in Islam the Koran allows polygamy contained in the letter an Nisa paragraph 3 but in practice Polygamy causes controversy on people's attitudes in Indonesia, polygamy also has a significant impact in family communication. Women or wives have an important role in realizing polygamous household harmony. Women's communication style is determined by the feelings and quality of the relationship. It is this woman's communication style that determines the harmony of a polygamous family. The problem in this study is how women communicate about the harmonization of polygamous families and what are the barriers to women's communication in polygamous families. This study uses a constructivist paradigm with a descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection by in-depth interviews, observation, the informants in this study were Muslim women in polygamous families.The results of this study indicate that communication between wives in polygamous families is influenced by feelings, closeness or intensity of meetings, and the adjustment process. Meanwhile, communication barriers in polygamous families can occur because of the husband.
KOMUNIKASI POLITIK MUHAMMAD DWIKI RAMADHANI DALAM MEREBUT DUKUNGAN KALANGAN GENERASI MILENIAL PADA PEMILU 2019
Authors: Linawati Linawati , Toruan Rialdo Rezeky M L , Gumelar Purba Indra , Al-Araf Khairunnisa
Published: April 2022

This study examines the political communication strategy of 22-year-old Muhammad Dwiki Ramadhani who was able to win the 2019 election so that he became the youngest member of the Tangerang City DPRD from the millennials. The importance of studying communication strategy as one of the studies of political communication strategies, in addition to enriching the study of science from political communication strategies and can also be used in this case Public Relations and political consultants to apply political communication strategies so that they can win elections with the right political communication strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the political communication strategy of the millennial generation so that it becomes one of the concepts offered for the use of political communication strategies. This research uses qualitative research methods with the type of case study research, where researchers in collecting data use in-depth interviews and observation and documentation studies. So that scientific studies of political communication strategies are described in depth. The results showed that Muhammad Dwiki Ramdhani's political communication strategy applied political communication management theory through the stages of segmenting, targeting, and positioning.
The Effects of Photobiomodulation on Shoulder Pain, Muscle Thickness, and Function in Subjects With Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors:   Neuroscience Research Center, Poorsina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Ezzati Kamran , Salari Amir ,   Department of Orthopedic, Orthopedic Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Khani Saemeh ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Poorsina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Aris Arash ,   Department of Orthopedic, Orthopedic Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Published: April 2022

Background: Adhesive capsulitis or frozen shoulder is among the most prevalent causes of pain and disability in individuals. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of Photobiomodulation (PBM) on pain, range of motion, and thickness and function of supraspinatus muscle in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Materials & Methods: Overall, 52 subjects (n=26/group) with adhesive capsulitis referring to Poorsina Hospital, physiotherapy ward, Rasht City, Iran, in 2019 participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to 2 groups of control or routine physical therapy and PBM group. The variables were pain (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), range of motion (goniometer), the supraspinatus muscle thickness in rest and contraction, and muscle function (ultrasonography). The outcomes were examined before, after 5 and 10 sessions, and at a 1-month follow-up. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the demographic characteristics and studied variables. The interaction of group and time (2×4) was significant for pain (P=0.02). Finally, the Bonferroni post hoc test data indicated the pain reduction in the PBM group was higher than the control group at the follow-up (P=0.03). The mixed two-factor analysis of variance indicated that the interaction of the group and time of shoulder abduction (P=0.6), shoulder external rotation (P=0.46), supraspinatus muscle thickness, rest (P=0.31), supraspinatus muscle thickness, contraction (P=0.11), and rest-contraction (P=0.66) were not significant. Conclusion: The PBM revealed greater analgesic effects than routine physical therapy in the short term and one-month follow-up. However, the effects on a range of motion and muscle thickness and function were insignificant.
Translation and Validation of the Persian Version of Mindful Eating Questionnaire
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran, Rezaei Sajjad , Jahanbin Elham ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Published: April 2022

Background: Wrong eating behaviors increase the risk of numerous chronic diseases. Objectives: This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) in the Iranian population. Materials & Methods: In a validation study at the University of Guilan City, Iran, in 2019-2020. First, the MEQ was translated based on the forward-backward method. After applying the changes to the Persian version of MEQ (P-MEQ), 50 participants responded to the P-MEQ twice with an interval of 3 weeks. Then, 384 Iranian students selected by the two-stage cluster sampling method completed the P-MEQ to determine its construct validity. Sixty participants simultaneously filled the P-MEQ and the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-SF) to determine concurrent validity. To determine known-group validity, 23 very obese participants and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of over 35 kg/m2 were compared to individuals with a healthy weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). Results: The test-retest reliability of the P-MEQ was obtained as 0.59 for the total score, and it ranged from 0.58 to 0.79 for the subscales. The first-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results indicated that after removing four items with weak factor loading, the five-factor P-MEQ model had appropriate goodness of fit (χ2/df=2.516, RMSEA=0.067, AGFI=0.835, IFI=0.924, & CFI=0.916). The second-order CFA revealed that the latent components of awareness, distraction, disinhibition, emotional response, and external cues reflected the concept of higher levels of mindful eating acceptably (χ2/df=2.545, RMSEA=0.067, AGFI=0.825, IFI=0.912, & CFI=0.905). However, there was a poor relationship between the total score of P-MEQ and FMI-SF (r=0.24, P=0.07). Conclusion: Regardless of concurrent validity, the Persian version of MEQ has proper construct validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency.
Morphine Consumption During Lactation Impairs Short-Term Neuronal Plasticity in Rat Offspring CA1 Neurons
Authors:   Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, Aghighi Fatemeh , Shabani Mohammad ,   Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, Talaei Sayyed Alireza ,   Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
Published: April 2022

Background: Facing environmental factors during early postnatal life, directly or indirectly via mother-infant relationships, profoundly affects the structure and function of the mammals’ Central Nervous System (CNS). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of morphine consumption during the lactation period on short-term synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) neurons in rat offspring. Materials & Methods: In addition to a group of control mother rats (CO), three groups subcutaneously received 5 (M5), 10 (M10), or 20 (M20) mg/kg morphine every 12 hours during the lactation period. At 45 days old, following the stimulation of the Schaffers’ collaterals, basic field Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded in their offspring’s hippocampal CA1 neuronal circuits. After the construction input/output curve, paired-pulse stimulations with the inter-stimulus intervals of 20, 80, and 200 ms were applied to determine the short-term synaptic plasticity, and the paired-pulse ratio was evaluated. Results: The baseline synaptic responses of the rats CA1 neurons whose mothers received 10 and 20 mg/kg morphine twice daily during the lactation period decreased compared to the CO animals (P<0.01 & P<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, compared to the controls, the Paired-Pulse Ratio (PPR) of the CA1 neural circuits of M10 and M20 rats at 20 and 80 ms Inter-Stimulus Intervals (ISI) decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Morphine exposure during the lactation period has a detrimental impact on the primary synaptic activity and short-term synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal CA1 neuronal circuits of rats’ offspring.
The Time-trend of Multiple Sclerosis Incidence and Prevalence in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Authors:   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Dastoorpoor Maryam , Khodadadi Narges ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Majdinasab Nastaran ,   Department of Neurology, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Soltani Majid ,   Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Ghanbari Saeed ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: April 2022

Background: The prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have increased in Iran. Objectives: This study aimed to observe the temporal trends and provide a predictive model in the prevalence and incidence of MS in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from 2006 to 2019 in Khuzestan Province, Southwestern Iran, on 2676 patients registered in the Khuzestan Multiple Sclerosis Center. The simple exponential smoothing model was used to study the time trends and predict the prevalence and incidence of MS in 2020. Results: The mean±SD age of the examined patients with MS was 31.40±8.94 years; while the mean±SD age-incidence of MS was 29.19±9.16 years. The sex ratio (female to male) was measured as 3.05. The patients’ prevalence and average annual incidences were 57.77 and 4.35per 100000 individuals from 2006 to 2019, respectively. The trend in the MS incidence has been upward with a very slight slope during the years 2006 to 2019. The slope of the increase from 2006 to 2019 was higher for women than men. Conclusion: The collected results suggested that Khuzestan Province is a high-risk area for MS; the prevalence and incidence of the disease are increasing, especially in women. We prognosticate a slight increase in the incidence of MS in the age group of 20 to 50 years. However, the prevalence of the disease in this age group was similar to 2019.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Neuromyelitis Optica Disorder Patients, After one Year
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran, Ashtari Fereshteh , Mehdipour Roshanak ,   Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
Published: April 2022

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) recently created a pandemic with high mortality. People with underlying diseases are prone to severe infection. The nature of NMOSD disease and its treatment by immunosuppressants predisposes patients to infection. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical course of NMOSD and the characteristics of COVID-19 infection in NMOSD patients. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was performed in Isfahan City, Iran, Iran, from March 2020 to March 2021. We considered relapses during the epidemic and the year before and the presentation of COVID-19 infection in the patients of NMOSD Clinic of Isfahan Kashani hospital. Results: The study included 120 patients. Their Mean±SD age was 36.37±9.69 years, and the mean duration of disease was 8.49±5.35 years. Overall, they experienced 36 relapses during the year before the epidemic (ARR:0.3) and 29 during the COVID-19 epidemic (ARR:0.24). The maintenance therapy of NMOSD was rituximab in 96 cases, azathioprine in 22, and methotrexate in 2 ones. 35 patients infected by COVID-19 (based on RT-PCR test). 6 were admitted to the hospital, and two patients received ICU care. There was one death due to respiratory failure. Conclusion: Despite the suppression of the immune system, neither incidence nor the number of severe complications of COVID-19 infection was high. Therefore, regarding the disabling nature of NMOSD and the prolonged epidemic period, it may be reasonable to continue the routine treatment of these patients and train them to stick to health protection instructions.
Stable Numerical Differentiation Algorithms Based on the Fourier Transform in Frequency Domain
Authors: He Yanling , Xu Huilin , Xiang Xiaoyan
Published: April 2022

A class of stable numerical differential algorithms is constructed based on the Fourier transform. The instability of the numerical differentiation problem is overcome by modifying the integral “kernel” in the frequency domain. The convergence of the approximate derivatives is ensured based on some reasonable assumptions of the modified “kernel” function. The a-posteriori choice strategy of the regularization parameter is considered. Moreover, the convergence analysis and error estimate of the approximate derivatives are also given.
Analisis Rasio Keuangan dan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di BEI
Authors:   Universitas Putera Batam, chrisnawati angelina , Khadijah Khadijah ,   Universitas Putera Batam
Published: April 2022

This research aims to test whether the effect of profitability, solvency, and corporate social responsibility on the firm value on energy subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 - 2020. The population in the study was 67 companies. The selected research sample with purposive sampling consisted of 8 companies. Based on the results of the t test which showed that partially profitability has a positive and significant influence on the value of the company with (6,035) > 2,028), solvency has a positive and significant influence on the value of the company with (-3,384) > (2,028), and Corporate Social Responsibility has a positive and significant influence on the value of the company with (5,182) > (2,028). Based on f test results or simultaneously showed that profitability, solvency, and corporate social responsibility had a positive and significant influence on the value of the company, with (33,690) > (2,866). The value of R Square (square R) in this study is 0.737, this shows that the variables of profitability, solvency, and CSR to the company's value are 73.7% while the remaining 26.3% is influenced by other variables outside the study.
How do Students Think in Translating Verbal Representation to Graphics?
Authors: Huda Ummul , Afriyani Dona , Mardiana Mardiana , Fitri Wiladahtul
Published: April 2022

This research is based on the variety of students' work in completing mathematical translations, especially from verbal representations to graphs. This study aimed to analyze the path of students' mathematical translation thinking from verbal representations to graphs. Thirty-two students were involved in completing the mathematical translation task, and four students were selected as research subjects. The supporting instruments in this research are in the form of mathematical translation tasks and interview guidelines. The data analysis step begins by grouping the students' work and making a transcript of the interview results. Next, the researcher explored and coded the students' work, found differences in the mathematical translational thinking path, explained the mathematical translation process for each path, reported the findings, interpreted the findings, and validated the research results by triangulating data sources. This study resulted in two types of students' mathematical translational thinking paths, namely the complete and incomplete construction translational thinking path. The difference between these two paths lies in the completeness of cognitive activity in each step of mathematical translation. The results of this study are used as considerations in designing meaningful mathematics learning activities.
An Investigation of the Translation of English Culture-Bound Expressions into Arabic
Authors: Metwally Amal
Published: April 2022

The present study investigates the effective strategies that can be employed in translating English culture-bound expressions into Arabic. The study mainly explores the translation and idiomacity of some colour-related expressions of comparison (i.e. similes), collocations and binomials. The paper examines whether it is possible to observe any consistency in the strategies used for the translation of these colour-related idiomatic expressions. This is attempted under the notions of foreignization and domestication proposed by Venuti (1995), the framework of Berlin/Key studies on colours (1969), and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which are all concerned with the interrelationships between language, culture, and translation. The researcher is the instrument of this study. In translating the culturally-bound expressions, the researcher uses two techniques to solve the cultural gap between the source and target languages. The paper reaches the conclusion that no translation strategy should be discarded. Venuti claims that the translator's invisibility is a direct fallout of domesticating translation. However, domestication is very successful in translating many of the idioms incorporated in the corpus data by providing an equivalent idiom in the target language (TL). Foreignising translation, on the other hand, is not always favoured as a form of cultural innovation if it is taken to extremes, as is the case with colour-related idioms deeply bound to culture as it negatively affects the semantic content of the source language.
The Application of Augmented Reality (AR) to Language Learning and its Impact on Student Motivation
Authors: Marrahí-Gómez Victor , Belda-Medina Jose
Published: April 2022

The recent emergence of digital authoring tools related to Augmented Reality (AR), such as Zooburst, Roar or Aumentaty, has facilitated the integration of this cutting-edge technology in Education. Consequently, different publications have come out to light about the affordances and limitations of integrating technology AR in the EFL/ESL classroom. Thus, this study seeks to analyze and review the recent trends in AR implementation in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom (EFL) and to present the main projects aimed at teaching English with AR-based projects that have been published in the latest years in WOS and Scopus. Following the methodology, the improvement in the performance of the student in different areas of study has been proved while using AR in EFL teaching.
Pink Power: The Extent of Awareness, Driving Factors, and Overall Perception of Filipina Youth Consumers in Metro Manila, Philippines on Pink Tax Caused by Pink Marketing Strategy
Authors: Chua Allaine Bernadette , Hidalgo Alyannah , Huyo-a Joshua James , Santos Alain Jomarie G.
Published: April 2022

One of the features of pink marketing is the usage of the color pink in women's products. However, this marketing strategy often employs pink tax, an extra amount charged to women's products even though the products are similar or equal in benefit to men's; the only difference is the color. In the Philippines, the pink tax is not yet explored. The study aimed to explore the extent of awareness, driving factors, and overall perception of Filipina youth consumers on pink tax caused by the practice of pink marketing. The study employed a qualitative descriptive research design. Thematic analysis revealed personal experiences of the respondents permeated the concept, corroborating previous literature and studies. The study concludes respondent Filipina Youth Consumers are aware of pink tax but only to the extent of definition and practice as observed in different products. They are not willing to buy products with pink tax as caused by the pink marketing strategy; however, the quality and the social and cultural norm with regard to gender schema are the driving factors to purchase. Negative perceptions outweigh the positive ones as it is viewed to be discriminatory, against equality and a way of deceiving and exploiting women consumers by the companies incorporating pink tax into their pink marketing strategy and respondents perceived that the concept should be addressed. The researchers recommend that the policymaking bodies study the matter to promote the value of women as consumers and contributors to the economy. They can use this research for policymaking or reference to review existing consumer and business laws for improvement.
Modern Features of the Territorial Division of Labor and the Location of Production in Dairy Cattle Breeding
Authors:   L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Tikhomirov A.I. , Ukhalina O.V. ,   L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry
Published: April 2022

The current state of the territorial-sectoral division of labor in dairy cattle breeding is analyzed. Based on the assessment of technological factors and regional characteristics of production, the conditions for increasing the efficiency of the development of the industry are established. The experience of the Republic of Mordovia in intensifying dairy cattle breeding and increasing the volume of dairy production is considered. Based on the analysis carried out, proposals were made to improve the territorial and sectoral division of labor and take into account regional features of production specialization in the selection of investment projects for concessional lending and subsidizing.
توظيف مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي في تسويق القيم
Authors: الموسوي عقيل كريم مشط , الربيعي فاطمة عبد الكاظم حمد
Published: April 2022

احدثت مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي تغيرات جوهرية ونقلة نوعية في صناعة التسويق واستراتيجياته ، وقد وظفت الوزارات العراقية هذه المواقع لاسيما الفيس بوك لنشر القيم وتعميمها من اجل ترسيخها في المجتمع العراقي الذي شهد العديد من التحولات في مجالات الحياة كافة والتي القت بظلالها على طبيعة افراد المجتمع كافة .وان هذا البحث يسلط الضوء على توظيف صفحتي وزارة الثقافة والسياحة والاثار ، ووزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية في تسويق القيم بهدف معرفة القيم المتضمنة في منشورات الصفحتين والكشف عن مستويات القيم فيها , ونوعية الاستمالات فضلا عن الاشكال التي سوقت بها تلك القيم .وقد استعان الباحث بالمنهج المسحي مستخدما استمارة تحليل المضمون لمنشورات الصفحتين في اثناء مدة الدراسة الممتدة من 1/1/2019 ولغاية 31/4/2019 والبالغة (1238) منشوراً في كلتا الوزارتين , وخرج البحث بمجموعة نتائج اهمها : تصدر القيم الثقافية والاجتماعية والأخلاقية في مقدمة هذه القيم التي تم تسويقها في الصفحتين ، ثم القيم المعرفية والفنية والسياسية والاقتصادية والقانونية والوطنية , اما القيم الدينية والرياضية فلم يتم تناولهما الا بنسبة ضئيلة جدا في الوزارتين موضوع البحث , وكانت نسبة ظهور القيم الضمنية بشكل اكبر , فضلا عن توظيف الاستمالات العقلية بشكل كبير في فعاليات التسويق للأفكار التي تم بثها ونشرها على صفحتي الفيس بوك عن طريق تقديم الأرقام والإحصاءات والبيانات التي تدعم وجهات النظر والتي تفوقت فيها وزارة الثقافة والسياحة والاثار , فضلا عن الاستشهاد بالمعلومات والاحداث الواقعية اذ كانت الأغلبية فيها في صفحة وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية , ويلاحظ استهدفت الوزارتين الجمهور العام في عمليات التسويق الاجتماعي على الفيس بوك , وقد استخدمت وزارة الثقافة والسياحة والاثار "النص المرفق بصورة " لجذب الجمهور وشد انتباهه لمنشوراتها , في حين كان "نص مع مقطع فيديو" الاكثر استخداما في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية وذلك لكثرة التقارير التي تبرز الحالات الإنسانية والاجتماعية وكيفية معالجتها من قبل الوزارة تمهيدا لإقناع الجمهور بأنشطتها في هذا المجال .
AKI & COVID19: Intertwining of Known and Unknown and Looking forward
Authors: Yunus Emran Bin
Published: April 2022

Abstract not available
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 75-76
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of Female Nurses on Complementary Feeding
Authors: Islam Mohammad Aminul
Published: April 2022

Abstract not available
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 77-78
Study of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Single Center Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Rasul Md Maqsudur , Rahman AKM Mijanur , Rahman Azizur , Hussain Tahmeed , Nath Sanjoy Kanto , Joha Miskat , Haque Dewan Mohaimenul
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with hospitalized corona virus disease -19(Covid- 19) patients and associated outcomes are not well determined. This study describes the presentation, risk factors and outcomes of AKI in patients hospitalized with Covid-19.
Material & Methods: In this cross sectional study, we reviewed the health records for all conveniently selected patients hospitalized with Covid-19 irrespective of co morbidity from 1st May to 31st July, 2020, at combined military hospital Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients younger than 18 years, end stage kidney disease or with a kidney transplant recipient were excluded from the study. AKI was deûned according to kidney disease improving global outcome (KDIGO) criteria.
Results: A total of 470 Covid-19 patients were recruited in this current study, out of them 67.02% were male and 32.98% of were female; with male to female ratio was 2:1. The mean age of the study population was 54.71(±14.31) years. AKI developed among 106 (22.55%) patients of whom 50 patients had CKD. The peak stages of AKI were stage 3 in 58(12.34%), followed by stage 1 in 37(7.87%), and stage 2 in 11(2.34%) patients. Renal replacement therapy was required (RRT) for  37(7.87%) patients. Risk factors included older age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease and those who presented with prolong fever and breathlessness.AKI was commonly seen in patients with severe disease. Considerable number of patient had proteinuria 222(47.23%) and haematuria in 63 (13.40%) and were significantly associated with AKI. Elevated level of ferritin, D-dimer and procalcitonin were observed among 249(52.98%), 179(38.08%) and 138(35, 88%) patients respectively which were substantially correlated with AKI. COVID-19 patients complicated to acute kidney injury were strongly associated with higher mortality19 of 23 (82.60%).
Conclusion: Renal involvement in COVID-19 (Corona virus-nephropathy) has a complex etiology. It is closely associated with severity of disease and indicating poor prognosis. Further study will be needed for better understanding the causes of AKI and patient outcomes.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 79-86
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Female Nurses on Complementary Feeding in a Tertiary level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Simi Maliha Alam , Mollah Md Abid Hossain , Rahman Md Ekhlasur
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Inadequate knowledge on nutritious foods and feeding practices are determinant of malnutrition rather than lack of food. Health professionals particularly nurses pass long contact time with the mothers, so positive attitude among them can be used in motivating mothers for infant and young child feeding. There is little data available in this regard, therefore evaluation of nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice on complementary feeding is very important. This study was conducted among the female nurses in a tertiary level hospital of Bangladesh to find out the knowledge, attitude and practice of complementary feeding to their own under-2 children. Methods: The descriptive study was carried out at Dhaka Medical College Hospital between September 2014 and August 2015. Total 95 nurses having children from 6 months up to 2 years of age were enrolled as sample.
Results: It showed that 63.1% of the nurses had good understanding on complementary feeding. But 46.3% of them did not know the duration correctly and 27.4% considered infant formula as the complementary food. Almost all had the positive attitude but 28.4% stated that distraction during feeding is needed. Among the respondents, 97% strongly agreed about the importance of complementary feeding but 67.4% of the nurses introduced complementary food before 6 months of age. Only 58.9% of them continued breast feeding up to 2 years.
Conclusion: The study reflects that although most of the nurses have adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards complementary feeding but deviation was noted in timely Introduction of complementary food and use of feeding bottle. This indicates clear disparity between knowledge and practice of the female nurses.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 87-92
Distribution of Laryngopharyngeal Malignancy in the North-East Part of Bangladesh: Fiberoptic Laryngoscopic (FOL) Study of 300 Cases
Authors: Kamal Mohammad Shah , Farzana Rubina , Ehsanul Hoque Md Hafiz , Hossain Md Guljar
Published: April 2022

Introduction: In Bangladesh, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in 2018 were 3.3% and 4.7% of total cancer cases, 2.6% and 2% of total cancer deaths. Fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) has been established as a valuable tool for diagnosis in outpatient department (OPD) setting. The primary objective of this study was to see the distribution of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers and secondary objective was to assess the role of Flexible Endoscopic Biopsy (FEB) in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal cancers. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed from March 2020 to March 2021 at Mount Adora Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh. All suspected patients attending in this hospital for FOL and FEB were included in this study.
Results: Total 300 patients of laryngopharyngeal growth were included in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 100 years with a mean age of 58.1 year (SD=11.8). Male: Female ratio was 4.8:1. Hypopharyngeal growth was most common (47.3%) followed by laryngeal (31.7%) and tongue base growth (21%). In laryngeal growth, supraglottic was more common (69.47%). In hypopharyngeal growth, pyriform fossa was the most common site (88.3%). Synchronous pathology was found in two patients (0.67%). FEB was obtained from 95% of cases. Histopathological examination showed 95.85% positive for malignancy. Sensitivity of FEB was 95.8%. All malignancies were squamous cell carcinoma (100%).
Conclusion: Supraglottic region is the most common site for laryngeal cancers and pyriform sinus is the most common site for hypopharyngeal cancers. FEB is highly sensitive in acquiring a definite diagnosis.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 99-104
Association of Vitamin D level with Disease Activity in SLE patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Begum Aysha , Miah Md Titu , Ayaz KFM , Sarker Shanchay Mohammmad Shamsuddoha , Das Jishu
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with increased prevalence in recent years. One of the extra skeletal functions of vitamin D is involved in regulation of immune response. Objectives: This study was to determine vitamin D status in SLE patients and the relationship with disease activity.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Medicine department in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. Data regarding disease activity of SLE was taken from 50 SLE patients fulfilling ACR criteria and disease activity was calculated by SLEDAI score. Vitamin D level was quantified by ELISA.
Results: Out of 50 patients, 46(92%) were female and 4(8%) were male. Age range was 15 to 65 years and mean age was 28.00 ± 13.34 SD. Most of the population reside in rural areas (n=32, 64%) and rest from urban areas (n=18,36%). Common presentations were fever (62%), proteinuria (50%), rash (40%), vasculitis (36%) and hematuria (34%). Overall mean SLEDAI score was 18.24 ± 9.67. Among the study population, 21(42%) patients had very highly active disease, 12(24%) patients had highly active disease, 11(22%) patients had moderately active disease and 6(12%) patients had mildly active disease. Mean vitamin D level was 16.70 ± 8.83 ng/ml. In this study, majority were found to be vitamin D deficient 37(74%), out of rest 7(14%) patients had insufficient vitamin D level and 6(12%) patients had sufficient vitamin D. This study showed that there is negative linear correlation between SLEDAI score and vitamin D level which is statistically significant (p value <0.001 and r=-0.577).
Conclusion: Low vitamin D level in SLE patients correlated with increased disease activity.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 105-110
Audioogical Outcome of Stapedotomy for Primary Otosclerosis
Authors: Alam Mohammed Iftekharul , Hossain Mohammad Delwar , Asaduzzaman AKM
Published: April 2022

Introduction: To find out the audiometric outcome after stapedotomy patients with clinical diagnosis of otosclerosis. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed in a total of 142 patients diagnosed with primary Otosclerosis, who underwent Stapedotomy at the Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka between January 2013 to January 2018. All patients were evaluated as per the candidacy criteria for stapedotomy and selected patients underwent surgery during the study period and were followed up for a period of 12 months in the Otology clinic. Pre-operative and Post-operative audiometric evaluation were done using conventional pure tone audiometry with standard calibrations. Post-operative audiometry was performed at 03 month, 06 month and 12 month.
Results: Overall, the frequency specific pre-operative mean average Air-Bone gap was 51.6 dB at 500Hz, 35.7 dB at 1000 Hz, 40.5 dB at 2000 Hz, 38.9 dB at 4000 Hz and the frequency specific postoperative mean average Air- Bone Gap closure was achieved by 28.1 dB at 500Hz, 30.3 dB at 1000 Hz, 12.5 dB at 2000 Hz, 10.8 dB at 4000 Hz, by the time of 1 years of follow up. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between pre-operative Air-Bone gap and post operative Air-Bone gap. After the surgery 88.7% tinnitus patients reported improvement and 11.3 % noted no change in tinnitus. Postoperative sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was seen in 1.4 %, failure rate was found 3.8% and 1.4% patients developed post-operative persistent vertigo.
Conclusion: Most of the audiometric Results reveal excellent hearing improvement after stapedectomy surgery and worsened bone conduction (postoperative threshold shifts) for primary otosclerosis. It is safe and successful procedure providing long-term hearing expansion in primary otosclerosis with minimum failure rate.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 116-120
Behavioral aspect of Wilson Disease: Diagnostic & Management Challenge
Authors: Islam Kazi Ashraful , Alam Syeda Tabassume , Paul Bikush Chandra
Published: April 2022

Wilson disease (WD) is a multisystem disease of defective copper metabolism. Excess copper is accumulated in different organ of body including liver, brain, kidney, eyes etc. Accumulated copper causes dysfunction of different parts of brain and produce signs and symptoms of neurological disease. Epidemiological data suggested psychiatric symptoms may be the presenting problem in 30% of WD patients. Psychiatric symptoms developed almost 100% cases of WD patients at any time of the disease course. Psychiatrc symptoms are affective mood disorder, psychotic behavioral, personality changes, anxiety & depression as well cognitive deterioration. Common neurologic symptoms are dystonia, hypertonia & rigidity, tremors and dysarthria. Rarely patients may present with polyneuropathy or dysautonomia. So both neurologic and psychiatric evaluation and specific treatment is essential for both the conditions. Diagnostic evaluations of Wilson disease include estimation of serum ceruloplasmin, 24 hours urinary copper, MRI of brain. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain or computed tomography (CT) may detect structures involved like basal ganglia. Knowledge of behavioral problem of WD is helpful for early diagnosis of many cases and overall management. Mainstay of treatment of Wilson disease is dietary restriction of copper-rich diet, copper-chelating agents, symptomatic treatment for dystonia & rigidity as well as behavioral psychiatric therapy. For dystonia trihexy phenidyl, tetrabenazine, codopa & clonidine can be used. Neurologic as well as psychiatric symptoms would be reduced where chelation therapy is effective. More over sometimes pharmacologic treatment for psychiatric symptoms is required.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 121-127
Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome-A Case Report
Authors: Liza Noor A Sabah , Anwar Sk Serjina , Kundu Gopen Kumar
Published: April 2022

Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome is an early-onset leukoencephalopathy with a presumed immune pathogenesis caused by inherited defects in nucleic acid metabolism. It is an inflammatory disorder resulting from mutation of multiple genes. Majority of the affected individuals experience physical as well as intellectual disability. Here we discuss a case of A 2-year old girl of consanguineous marriage diagnosed as Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome who was presented with the sudden loss of motor and cognitive skills after an acute febrile illness. This syndrome was diagnosed by clinical exome sequencing and RNAEH 2A mutant gene identification.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 132-135
The Use of Near-Infrared Imaging (NIR) as a Fast Non-Destructive Screening Tool to Identify Drought-Tolerant Wheat Genotypes
Authors: Danzi Donatella , De Paola Domenico , Petrozza Angelo , Summerer Stephan , Cellini Francesco , Pignone Domenico , Janni Michela
Published: April 2022

Due to climate change, many agricultural areas will face shortages in water availability; thus, the mission of the upcoming decades is to ensure food security while improving agriculture sustainability. The development of wheat varieties that are more adaptable to the changing climate is mandatory to achieve this goal. Genetic resources can be the key to unlock a wide genetic potential, but faster, high throughput methods are needed to easily screen the huge amount of available genetic resources. Phenotyping is the central element to exploit wheat genetic resources as it allows us to identify superior genotypes and to achieve selection gain. To select contrasting phenotypes within a core set of 149 durum wheat genotypes, belonging to the National Research Council (CNR) germplasm collection, under drought stress conditions, we studied plant water status gained by NIR imaging. By the application of the present method, it was possible to rapidly identify and select a set of putative genotypes highly tolerant to drought, as well as a set of contrasting genotypes, for further studies and/or for breeding programs. This promising approach is scalable to a larger number of genotypes in pre-breeding program.
Feeding dsSerpin1 Enhanced Metarhizium anisopliae Insecticidal Efficiency against Locusta migratoria manilensis
Authors: Wang Junya , Li Hongmei , Cheng Yumeng , Wang Guangjun , Nong Xiangqun , Luke Belinda , Davaasambuu Undarmaa , Zhang Guocai
Published: April 2022

RNA interference (RNAi) induces gene silencing in order to participate in immune-related pathways. Previous studies have shown that the LmSerpin1 gene upregulates the immune responses of Locusta migratoria manilensis, and that the infection of locusts with Metarhizium anisopliae can be enhanced through the injection of the interfering dsSerpin1. In this study, dsRNA was synthesized from the Serpin1 gene and fed to the third instars of L. m. manilensis at concentrations of 5 μg, 10 μg, and 20 μg. Feeding dsSerpin1 increased the mortality of L. m. manilensis, and 20 μg dsSerpin1 had the highest lethality, followed by 10 μg dsSerpin1, with the lowest being observed at 5 μg dsSerpin1. Serpin1 silencing and temperature fever induction by feeding with dsSerpin1 had a strong synergistic effect on M. anisopliae, showing a dose-dependent response. When L. m. manilensis were fed on a diet containing 20 μg dsRNA and M. anisopliae (2.5 × 108 spores/g wheat bran), 3-day mortalities significantly increased. The dsSerpin1 plus M. anisopliae treatments resulted in a 6-day mortality of 60%, accelerating insect death. These results indicated that feeding with dsSerpin1 could be an effective way to control pests and that the control effect and dsRNA concentration were dose-dependent within the first seven days. In particular, 20 μg was an effective dosage to enhance the insecticidal efficiency of M. anisopliae.
Trends Analysis of Simultaneously Extracted Metal Copper Sediment Concentrations from a California Agricultural Waterbody including Historical Comparisons with Other Agricultural Waterbodies
Authors: Hall Lenwood W. , Anderson Ronald D.
Published: April 2022

The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess annual, seasonal and spatial trends in simultaneously extracted metal copper (SEM copper) sediment concentrations in an agricultural California waterbody (Cache Slough) sampled over three years and two seasons (spring and fall); (2) determine the relationship between SEM copper sediment concentrations and precipitation; (3) compare the SEM copper sediment concentrations from Cache Slough with other agricultural streams and (4) compare trends in SEM copper with total copper sediment concentrations previously reported from this waterbody. Sediment samples for SEM copper analysis were collected by boat. Regression analysis, Analysis of Variance, T-test procedure and the Fisher LDS method were used for statistical analysis of data. The results from this study showed that mean seasonal SEM copper sediment concentrations from Cache Slough ranged from 18.6 to 30.1 µg/g dw. SEM copper sediment concentrations were not reported to increase over time in this agricultural waterbody where copper was used as a fungicide, although some spatial differences in SEM copper sediment concentrations were reported. Seasonal analysis showed no significant differences in SEM copper sediment concentrations for both spring and fall for two years, but spring concentrations were statistically higher than fall concentrations for the last year of the study. There were no statistically significant relationships between SEM copper sediment concentrations and precipitation for the three-year period, based on an analysis by year and season. A comparative analysis of total copper and SEM copper from Cache Slough showed that the range of mean seasonal concentrations of SEM copper was much lower, and more sites showed declining trends for SEM copper than for total copper. Increasing trends were not reported at any of the sites for either SEM copper or total copper. A comparison of SEM copper data from Cache Slough was reported to be similar to concentrations reported for other water bodies influenced by agricultural use. Additional multiple year studies in other geographic areas assessing trends in SEM copper sediment concentrations with a comprehensive spatial scale are recommended.
Maize Small Leaf Spot Classification Based on Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with a Multi-Scale Attention Mechanism
Authors: Yin Chenghai , Zeng Tiwei , Zhang Huiming , Fu Wei , Wang Lei , Yao Siyu
Published: April 2022

Maize small leaf spot (Bipolaris maydis) is one of the most important diseases of maize. The severity of the disease cannot be accurately identified, the cost of pesticide application increases every year, and the agricultural ecological environment is polluted. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, this study proposes a novel deep learning network DISE-Net. We designed a dilated-inception module instead of the traditional inception module for strengthening the performance of multi-scale feature extraction, then embedded the attention module to learn the importance of interchannel relationships for input features. In addition, a dense connection strategy is used in model building to strengthen channel feature propagation. In this paper, we constructed a data set of maize small leaf spot, including 1268 images of four disease grades and healthy leaves. Comparative experiments show that DISE-Net with a test accuracy of 97.12% outperforms the classical VGG16 (91.11%), ResNet50 (89.77%), InceptionV3 (90.97%), MobileNetv1 (92.51%), MobileNetv2 (92.17%) and DenseNet121 (94.25%). In addition, Grad-Cam network visualization also shows that DISE-Net is able to pay more attention to the key areas in making the decision. The results showed that the DISE-Net was suitable for the classification of maize small leaf spot in the field.
Yield Performance of Woody Crops on Marginal Agricultural Land in Latvia, Spain and Ukraine
Authors: Celma Santa , Sanz Marina , Ciria Pilar , Maliarenko Oksana , Prysiazhniuk Oleh , Daugaviete Mudrite , Lazdina Dagnija , von Cossel Moritz
Published: April 2022

Agricultural land abandonment due to biophysical and socioeconomic constraints is increasing across Europe. Meanwhile there is also an increase in bioenergy demand. This study assessed woody crop performance on several relevant types of marginal agricultural land in Europe, based on field experiments in Latvia, Spain and Ukraine. In Latvia, hybrid aspen was more productive than birch and alder species, and after eight years produced 4.8 Mg ha−1 y−1 on stony soil with sandy loam texture, when best clone and treatment combination was selected. In Spain, Siberian elm produced up to 7.1 Mg ha−1 y−1 on stony, sandy soil with low organic carbon content after three triennial rotations. In Ukraine, willow plantations produced a maximum of 10.8 Mg ha−1 y−1 on a soil with low soil organic carbon after second triennial rotation. The productivity was higher when management practices were optimized specifically to address the limiting factors of a site. Longer rotations and lower biomass yields compared to high-value land can be expected when woody crops are grown on similar marginal agricultural land shown in this study. Future studies should start here and investigate to what extent woody crops can contribute to rural development under these conditions.