bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Induction Chemotherapy Response as a Guide for Treatment Optimization in Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma
Authors: Amit Moran , Abdelmeguid Ahmed S. , Watcherporn Teemaranawich , Takahashi Hideaki , Tam Samantha , Bell Diana , Ferrarotto Renata , Glisson Bonnie , Kupferman Michael E. , Roberts Dianna B. , Su Shirley Y. , Raza Shaan M. , DeMonte Franco , Hanna Ehab Y.
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE

Multimodal therapy is a well-established approach for the treatment of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC); however, the optimal sequence of the various treatments modalities is yet to be determined. This study aimed to assess the role of induction chemotherapy (IC) in guiding definitive therapy in patients with SNUC.

METHODS

Ninety-five previously untreated patients diagnosed with SNUC and treated between 2001 and 2018 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center were included in the analysis. Patients were treated with curative intent and received IC before definitive locoregional therapy. The primary end point was disease-specific survival (DSS). Secondary end points included overall and disease-free survival, disease recurrence, and organ preservation.

RESULTS

A total of 95 treatment-naïve patients were included in the analysis. For the entire cohort, the 5-years DSS probability was 59% (95% CI, 53% to 66%). In patients who had partial or complete response to IC, the 5-year DSS probabilities were 81% (95% CI, 69% to 88%) after treatment with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) after IC and 54% (95% CI, 44% to 61%) after definitive surgery and postoperative radiotherapy or CRT after IC (log-rank P = .001). In patients who did not experience at least a partial response to IC, the 5-year DSS probabilities were 0% (95% CI, 0% to 4%) in patients who were treated with concurrent CRT after IC and 39% (95% CI, 30% to 46%) in patients who were treated with surgery plus radiotherapy or CRT (adjusted hazard ratio of 5.68 [95% CI, 2.89 to 9.36]).

CONCLUSION

In patients who achieve a favorable response to IC, definitive CRT results in improved survival compared with those who undergo definitive surgery. In patients who do not achieve a favorable response to IC, surgery when feasible seems to provide a better chance of disease control and improved survival.
Improving Timeliness of Oncology Assessment and Cancer Treatment Through Implementation of a Multidisciplinary Lung Cancer Clinic
Authors: Stone Christopher J.L. , Robinson Andrew , Brown Erin , Mates Mihaela , Falkson Conrad B. , Owen Timothy , Ashworth Allison , Parker Christopher M. , Mahmud Aamer , Tomiak Anna , Thain Sou Kishore , Gregg Richard , Reid Kenneth R. , Chung Wiley , Digby Geneviève C.
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE:

Timely lung cancer care has been associated with improved clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. We identified improvement opportunities in lung cancer management pathways at Kingston Health Sciences Centre. Quality improvement strategies led to the implementation of a multidisciplinary lung cancer clinic (MDC).

METHODS:

We set an outcome measure of decreasing the time from diagnosis to first cancer treatment by 10 days within 6 months of clinic implementation. We implemented a weekly MDC that involved respirologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists at which patients with new lung cancer diagnoses were offered concurrent oncology consultation. We used Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to guide our improvement initiatives. A total of five Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles spanned 14 months and consisted of an MDC pilot clinic, large-scale MDC launching, debriefing meetings, and clinic expansion. Pre-MDC data were analyzed retrospectively to establish baseline and prospectively for improvement. Statistical Process Control XmR(i) charts were used to report data.

RESULTS:

Since MDC initiation, 128 patients have been seen in 34 MDC clinics (3.8 patients per clinic). Mean days from diagnosis to first oncology assessment decreased from 12.4 days to 3.9 days, and mean days from diagnosis to first cancer treatment decreased from 39.5 to 15.0 days, both of which demonstrated special cause variation. Time to assessment and treatment improved for patients with every stage of lung cancer and for both small-cell and non–small-cell subtypes.

CONCLUSION:

MDC shortens the time from lung cancer diagnosis to oncology assessment and treatment. Time to treatment improved more than time to oncology assessment, which suggests the improvement is related to benefits beyond faster oncology assessment.
Advanced Practice Providers and Survivorship Care: They Can Deliver
Authors: Thom Bridgette , Boekhout Annelies H. , Corcoran Stacie , Adsuar Roberto , Oeffinger Kevin C. , McCabe Mary S.
Published: January 2019

INTRODUCTION:

As the number of cancer survivors grows, new models of survivorship care are being implemented, but there is limited evaluation to date. This retrospective review assesses the concordance of care provided to adult-onset cancer survivors by advanced practice providers (nurse practitioners and physician assistants) with Institute of Medicine guidelines for survivorship care.

METHODS:

Records from three survivorship clinics at a single institution were reviewed for frequency of recurrence surveillance, screening for second cancers, symptom management (physical, psychological), health promotion education (alcohol, tobacco, cholesterol, and bone density screenings; diet/exercise discussion), care coordination, and provision of care plan. Data were characterized using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS:

Over 2 years, 9,052 unique survivorship visits occurred; 210 breast, 208 prostate, and 204 colorectal visits were randomly selected for review. All patients with breast cancer underwent surveillance for recurrence; 99% were screened for new cancers. Discussion of health promotion activities ranged from 83% to 100%; 91% of patients were reviewed for physical symptoms, and 93% were reviewed for psychological symptoms. All patients with prostate cancer underwent recurrence surveillance; 97% were screened for new primaries. Health promotion activities ranged from 70% to 97%, and symptoms were discussed in 89% of visits. All patients with colorectal cancer underwent a surveillance colonoscopy for recurrence; 97% had a carcinoembryonic antigen test. Among women, 97% had mammograms, and 96% had a Papanicolaou test; 83% of men had a prostate-specific antigen test. Health promotion activities ranged from 69% to 100%, and symptoms were discussed in 93% to 97% of visits.

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings suggest that advanced practice providers can provide survivorship care in accordance with Institute of Medicine standards, which provide a normative standard. This assessment is an important step in evaluating survivorship outcomes.
Continuous Quality Improvement Measured With Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing in an Outpatient Cancer Surgery Center
Authors: French Katy E. , Recinos Iris , Guzman Alexis B. , Aloia Thomas A. , Hernandez Mike , Kee Spencer S. , Kowalski Alicia M. , Goravanchi Farzin , Cerny Jeffrey , Cleckler-Hughes Karen V. , Rebello Elizabeth
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE:

As health care costs rise, continuous quality improvement and increased efficiency are crucial to reduce costs while providing high-quality care. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) can help identify inefficiencies in processes of cancer care delivery. This study measured the process performance of Port-a-Cath placement in an outpatient cancer surgery center by using TDABC to evaluate patient care process.

METHODS:

Data were collected from the Anesthesia Information Management System database and OneConnect electronic health record (EHR) for Port-a-Cath cases performed throughout four phases: preintervention (phase I), postintervention, stabilization, and pre–new EHR (phases II and III), and post–new EHR (phase IV). TDABC methods were used to map and calculate process times and costs.

RESULTS:

Comparing all phases, as measured with TDABC methodology, a decrease in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) length of stay (LOS) was identified (83 minutes v 67 minutes; P < .05). The decrease in PACU LOS correlated with increased efficiency and decreasing process costs and PACU nurse resource use by fast tracking patients for Port-a-Cath placement. Port-a-Cath placement success and the functionality of ports remained the same as patient experience improved.

CONCLUSION:

TDABC can be used to evaluate processes of care delivery to patients with cancer and to quantify changes made to those processes. Patients’ PACU LOS decreased on the basis of the 2013 Port-a-Cath process improvement initiative and after implementation of a new EHR, over the course of 3 years, as quantified by TDABC. TDABC use can lead to improved efficiencies in patient care delivery that are quantifiable and measurable.
GPN does not release lysosomal Ca2+ but evokes Ca2+ release from the ER by increasing the cytosolic pH independently of cathepsin C
Authors: Atakpa Peace , van Marrewijk Laura M. , Apta-Smith Michael , Chakraborty Sumita , Taylor Colin W.
Published: January 2019

The dipeptide glycyl-l-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide (GPN) is widely used to perturb lysosomes because its cleavage by the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin C is proposed to rupture lysosomal membranes. We show that GPN evokes a sustained increase in lysosomal pH (pHly), and transient increases in cytosolic pH (pHcyt) and Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). None of these effects require cathepsin C, nor are they accompanied by rupture of lysosomes, but they are mimicked by structurally unrelated weak bases. GPN-evoked increases in [Ca2+]c require Ca2+ within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but they are not mediated by ER Ca2+ channels amplifying Ca2+ release from lysosomes. GPN increases [Ca2+]c by increasing pHcyt, which then directly stimulates Ca2+ release from the ER. We conclude that physiologically relevant increases in pHcyt stimulate Ca2+ release from the ER in a manner that is independent of IP3 and ryanodine receptors, and that GPN does not selectively target lysosomes.
Butyphthalide in the treatment of massive Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Wang Xinmin , Sun Yingjun , Dong Shugang , Liu Xiaoying , Ji Jinming
Published: January 2019

Objective: To evaluate the effect of butyphthalide in the treatment of massive cerebral infarction.

Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with massive cerebral infarction who were admitted to the hospital between January 2017 and December 2017 were selected and divided into a treatment group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60) using random number table, 80 each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional cerebral infarction therapy, while patients in the treatment group were given butyphthalide injection besides the conventional treatment. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, score of activity of daily living (ADL), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and prognosis were recorded and compared between the two groups. The response rates of the two groups were recorded.

Results: The total response rates of the control group and treatment group were 73.85% and 93.85% respectively at the postoperative 21st day, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The NIHSS score of the two groups obviously decreased, and the ADL score significantly increased after treatment; the differences of NIHSS score and ADL score before and after treatment in the same group had statistical significance (P<0.05). The improvement of the indexes of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group, and the differences between the two groups had statistical significance (P<0.05). The level of LP-PLA2 of both groups significantly decreased at the postoperative 21st day, and the difference before and after treatment in the same group was statistically significant (P<0.05); the treatment group had a significantly lower level of LP-PLA2 than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The treatment group had significantly higher positive outcome rate and lower mortality rate than the control group at the postoperative 90th day, and the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse events of the treatment group and control group was 8.3% (5/60) and 5.0% (3/60) respectively, suggesting no significant difference (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Butyphthalide has a favourable effect in treating massive cerebral infarction. It can repair neurologic impairment, improve activity of daily living, and adjust the level of LP-PLA2, suggesting favourable application values.

How to cite this:Wang X, Sun Y, Dong S, Liu X, Ji J. Butyphthalide in the treatment of massive Cerebral Infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):220-225. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.320

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between normal population and patients with diabetes mellitus using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Mehboob Mohammad Asim , Amin Zulfiqar Ali , Islam Qamar Ul
Published: January 2019

Objective: To compare the difference in peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) thickness between normal population and Type-II diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD OCT).

Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at PNS Shifa Naval Hospital, from May 2017 to November 2017. Out of 200 eyes, 100 eyes were of normal individuals and 100 eyes were of Type-II diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. Both groups were age and gender matched. Average RNFL thickness, along with RNFL of each quadrant of individuals was noted using SD OCT, and compared between two groups.

Results: Mean age of study population was 44.63 ± 4.30 years. Mean axial length was 23.46 ± 0.59 mm. Mean peripapillary RNFL thickness was 126.98 ± 10.07 µm in Group-A (normal individuals), and 120.77 ± 5.41 µm in Group-B (Type-II diabetics). Difference in mean RNFL thickness, as well as RNFL thicknesses of each quadrant was statistically significant between both groups (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion: Diabetic patients have thin RNFL as compared to normal individuals, and must be taken in account while making diagnosis of any disease based on thinning of RNFL.

How to cite this:Mehboob MA, Amin ZA, Qamar Ul Islam. Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between normal population and patients with diabetes mellitus using optical coherence tomography. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):29-33.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.65

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Presentation and management outcome of tibial infected non‑union with Ilizarov technique
Authors: Bakhsh Karim , Rehman Atiq-Ur- , Zimri Faridullah Khan , Mohammad Eid , Ahmed Wazir , Saaiq Muhammad
Published: January 2019

Objective: To document the presentation of tibial infected non-union and analyze the management outcome with Ilizarov technique in terms of bone results, functional outcome, bone transport time, external fixation time, external fixation index and any complications.

Methods: This case series was conducted at the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM), Islamabad and Civil hospital, Quetta over a period of 3-years.

Results: There were 56 patients with 53(94.64%) males and 3(5.35%) females. The age range was 16-50 years with a mean of 32.58±9.98 years. According to ASAMI criteria, bone results were excellent in 37(66%), good in 10(17.85%), fair in 6(10.71%) and poor in 3(5.35%). The functional results were excellent in 37(66%), good in 9(16%), fair in 7(12.5%) and poor in 3(5.35%). The bone union rate was 98.21%.

Conclusion: Ilizarov method beautifully addresses the formidable issue of infected non union of tibia with good outcome in terms of bone healing and infection eradication. The treatment period is relatively lengthy and hence patience on part of patient as well as the surgical team is imperative for achieving favourable outcomes.

How to cite this:Bakhsh K, Atiq-Ur-Rehman, Zimri FK, Mohammad E, Ahmed W, Saaiq M. Presentation and management outcome of tibial infected non‑union with Ilizarov technique. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):136-140. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.67

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
restfulSE: A semantically rich interface for cloud-scale genomics with Bioconductor
Authors: Gopaulakrishnan Shweta , Pollack Samuela , Stubbs BJ , Pagès Hervé , Readey John , Davis Sean , Waldron Levi , Morgan Martin , Carey Vincent
Published: January 2019

Bioconductor's SummarizedExperiment class unites numerical assay quantifications with sample- and experiment-level metadata.  SummarizedExperiment is the standard Bioconductor class for assays that produce matrix-like data, used by over 200 packages.  We describe the restfulSE package, a deployment of  this data model that supports remote storage.  We illustrate use of SummarizedExperiment with remote HDF5 and Google BigQuery back ends, with two applications in cancer genomics.  Our intent is to allow the use of familiar and semantically meaningful programmatic idioms to query genomic data, while abstracting the remote interface from end users and developers.
Accuracy of linear measurements using low dose cone beam computed tomography protocol versus direct skull linear measurements: An in vitro study
Authors: Al Abbady Nora Aly , Hamdy Reham Mohamed , El Dessouky Sahar Hosny
Published: January 2019

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging has been widely used for different dental applications over the last few years. It delivers a high dose of radiation compared to conventional imaging modalities. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of linear measurements conducted using a low dose CBCT protocol in comparison with direct skull linear measurements.

Methods: Ten dry human skulls were included in the study. 12 linear measurements were measured directly on each skull between 23 chosen anatomical landmarks using a digital calliper. Radio-opaque markers were then glued on these anatomical landmarks. Each skull was then scanned using low dose CBCT protocol operated at 90 kVp, 7.1 mA, for 9 sec.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy of linear measurements conducted using the low dose CBCT protocol when compared with direct linear measurements. Relative Dahlberg Error value ranged from 0.8% to 1.9%.

Conclusion: Reducing mAs using a low dose CBCT protocol does not affect the accuracy of linear measurements used in craniofacial imaging tasks as compared with those taken directly on the skull by a digital calliper.
Residential exposure to radon and DNA methylation across the lifecourse: an exploratory study in the ALSPAC birth cohort
Authors: de Vocht Frank , Suderman Matthew , Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Thomas Richard , Wakeford Richard , Relton Caroline , Tilling Kate , Boyd Andy
Published: January 2019

Background: Radon (and its decay products) is a known human carcinogen and the leading cause of lung cancer in never-smokers and the second in ever-smokers. The carcinogenic mechanism from radiation is a combination of genetic and epigenetic processes, but compared to the genetic mechanisms, epigenetic processes remain understudied in humans. This study aimed to explore associations between residential radon exposure and DNA methylation in the general population.

Methods: Potential residential radon exposure for 75-metre area buffers was linked to genome-wide DNA methylation measured in peripheral blood from children and mothers of the Accessible Resource for Integrated Epigenomic Studies subsample of the ALSPAC birth cohort. Associations with DNA methylation were tested at over 450,000 CpG sites at ages 0, 7 and 17 years (children) and antenatally and during middle-age (mothers). Analyses were adjusted for potential residential and lifestyle confounding factors and were determined for participants with complete data (n = 786-980).

Results: Average potential exposure to radon was associated in an exposure-dependent manner with methylation at cg25422346 in mothers during pregnancy, with no associations at middle age. For children, radon potential exposure was associated in an exposure-dependent manner with methylation of cg16451995 at birth, cg01864468 at age 7, and cg04912984, cg16105117, cg23988964, cg04945076, cg08601898, cg16260355 and cg26056703 in adolescence.

Conclusions: Residential radon exposure was associated with DNA methylation in an exposure-dependent manner. Although residual confounding cannot be excluded, the identified associations may show biological mechanisms involved in early biological effects from radon exposure.
АНАЛИЗ УРОВНЯ И УСЛОВИЙ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО НАСИЛИЯ СРЕДИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ 14–16 ЛЕТ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОРОНЕЖСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)
Authors: Kushnarev Mikhail Alexandrovich
Published: January 2019

Цель исследования. Выявление уровня и условий проявлений физического насилия среди обучающихся 14–16 лет.Метод проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют методы анализа статистических данных, полученных по результатам полицейской деятельности, деятельности территориальных комиссий по делам несовершеннолетних и защите их прав, а также советов профилактики образовательных учреждений; психолого-педагогической диагностики (опросник Басса-Дарки); сопоставление статистических данных по проблеме с результатами психолого-педагогической диагностики в разрезе гендерных, территориальных, аддиктивных, семейных, образовательных условий жизнедеятельности обучающихся, совершивших насильственные преступления или склонных к насильственному поведению.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор выявляет общие и специфические значимые и незначимые условия, детерминирующие насильственное поведение 3-х групп обучающихся 14–16 лет: совершивших насильственные преступления; состоящих на учете в профилактических органах, но не привлеченных к уголовной ответственности; демонстрирующих избыточный уровень враждебности и агрессивности.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для разработки эффективных механизмов педагогического предотвращения проявлений физического насилия среди обучающихся в общеобразовательных учреждениях.
СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ОБЩЕЙ СИСТЕМЫ ФРАНКОФОННОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В КВЕБЕКЕ В XIX ВЕКЕ
Authors: Razumova Lina Vassilievna
Published: January 2019

Цель. Целью настоящей статьи выступает анализ социокультурного контекста развития общей системы образования в Квебеке, выявление особенностей становления системы франкофонного образования в данном регионе, описание ее структуры.Методология проведения работы. Исследование осуществлялось на основе общенаучного системного подхода с учетом принципа историзма.Результаты. Сложившийся в Квебеке в XIX столетии социокультурный и политический контекст отмечен двумя антиномиями. В основе первой антиномии стоит языковое противостояние франкофонов и англофонов Квебека. Основа второй антиномии – религиозная; ее конструирует противостояние католической и протестантской церквей. Указанные социокультурные аспекты сыграли решающую роль в развитии системы франкофонного образования в Квебеке, основной характеристикой которой выступает языковая и конфессиональная обособленность. Католическая церковь Квебека создает на протяжении XIX века целостную многоуровневую систему общего франкофонного образования, включающего начальное, среднее и высшее ступени образования.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут применяться в научной и учебно-педагогической деятельности в лекционных курсах по истории французского языка и истории педагогики, в рамках спецкурсов, посвященных различным аспектам франкофонии.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО УРОКА ФИЗИКИ
Authors: Bol’shakova Anna Nikolaevna , Khvastunov Nikolay Nikolaevich , Kharitonova Anna Anatolievna , Abushkin Haris Hamsiewicz
Published: January 2019

Статья посвящена актуальному вопросу переходу российского образования на новый образовательный стандарт. Предметом анализа выступает концепция разработки урока физики. Авторы ставят целью раскрытие особенностей разработки урока с учетом современных требований к образовательному процессу.Основу исследования образует научно-методический анализ официальных документов в сфере образования, научных работ по формированию универсальных учебных действий и программ по физике.Результаты работы заключаются в том, что авторы на основе проведенного анализа литературы спроектировали урок, отвечающий современным требованиям. Составлена иерархия разработки урока. Любой урок должен базироваться на основной образовательной программе общеобразовательной организации (которая составляется на основе образовательных стандартов). Именно там прописаны требования, предъявляемые к результатам обучения. Исходя из этих требований необходимо изначально сформировать представление о том, какие универсальные учебные действия могут быть сформированы/развиты на конкретном уроке. На основе этого представления разрабатывается урок, на котором будут развиты выделенные универсальные учебные действия.Результаты исследования могут быть применены в образовательном процессе.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА ГЕНОВ ИЛ-6 (IL-6-174G/C; IL-6-572G/C) У ПАЦИЕНТОВ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ ГРУПП С ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ СЕРДЦА (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Authors: Smirnova Olga Valentinovna , Kablukov Vitaly Sergeevich
Published: January 2019

Цель исследования. Представить читателю подробный обзор особенностей полиморфизма генов ИЛ-6 у пациентов различных этнических групп с ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС), а также исследовать влияние разных генотипов однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов интерлейкина ИЛ-6 на циркуляционные уровни воспалительных и противовоспалительных цитокинов у пациентов с различными частотами аллелей с ИБС.Материал и методы исследования. Авторами был проведён поиск литературы об особенностях полиморфизма генов ИЛ-6 у пациентов различных этнических групп с ИБС, с использованием соответствующих ключевых слов, в поисковых системах PubMed и Google Scholar, по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, РИНЦ и другим.Результаты. Потенциальная связь между полиморфизмами генов ИЛ-6 и ИБС широко исследованы на сегодняшний день, однако результаты исследований остаются непоследовательными и несколько противоречивыми. Наиболее сильная взаимосвязь установлена по генотипам IL-6-174G/C; IL-6-572G/C для различных этнических групп, что и обуславливает интерес изучения в этом направлении в эпоху индивидуализации медицины.Область применения результатов. Организация здравоохранения, кардиология, внутренние болезни, патологическая физиология.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МНОГОЛЕТНЕЙ ЭПИЗООТИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ ПО ОРТОХАНТАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ В ПОПУЛЯЦИЯХ APODEMUS AGRARIUS И MICROTUS FORTIS В ПРИРОДНЫХ ОЧАГАХ ЮГА ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА РОССИИ
Authors: Kompanets Galina Gennadievna , Iunikhina Olga Viktorovna
Published: January 2019

Цель. Изучить особенности эпизоотического процесса в популяциях мышевидных грызунов – носителей ортохантавирусов Hantaan и Fuzong в природных очагах инфекции Приморского края.Материалы и методы. Инфицированность ортохантавирусом 14 494 Apodemus agrarius и 2 887 Microtus fortis, отловленных в 1981–2016 гг, в разных районах края, оценивали по обнаружению специфического антигена в иммуноферментном анализе или специфических антител в непрямом методе флуоресцирующих антител (НМФА). Для более показательного сравнительного анализа многолетней динамики инфицированности в популяциях грызунов период исследования был разделен на три 12-летних периода (1981–1992 гг, 1993–2004 гг. и 2005–2016 гг.). Статистическая обработка полученных данных производилась с использованием программного обеспечения Statistica 10.0 (Statsoft, США) и статистических калькуляторов предоставленных сервисом http://medstatistic.ru.Результаты. Полученные результаты многолетней динамики инфицированности ортохантавирусом демонстрируют практически синхронные подъемы/спады инфицированности в популяциях двух видов грызунов, однако, несмотря на доминирование в отловах полевой мыши, за исследованный период отмечена статистически достоверная тенденция уменьшения активности эпизоотического процесса в её популяции. В то же время в популяции M. fortis в биотопах совместного обитания статистически достоверное снижение инфицированности отмечено только в последние 12 лет.Заключение. Таким образом, в последние годы в луго-полевых биотопах Приморского края отмечено снижение активности эпизоотического процесса в популяциях грызунов – носителей ортохантавируса Hantaan, имеющее важное значение для заболеваемости геморрагической лихорадкой с почечным синдромом в регионе.
СРАВНЕНИЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ РАННЕЙ И ОТЛОЖЕННОЙ ЛАПАРОСКОПИЧЕСКОЙ ХОЛЕЦИСТЭКТОМИИ ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ОСТРОГО ХОЛЕЦИСТИТА: МЕТА-АНАЛИЗ ПРОСПЕКТИВНЫХ РАНДОМИЗИРОВАННЫХ КОНТРОЛИРУЕМЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ
Authors: Manziuk Aleksei Vasilevich
Published: January 2019

Состояние вопроса: в предыдущих исследованиях, посвященных теме сроков проведения холецистэктомии при остром холецистите, проводился анализ лишь части существующих рандомизированных контролируемых исследований и не анализировались различия в экономическом эффекте. Целью данной работы было определить, какие сроки оперативного вмешательства являются оптимальными при лечении острого холецистита.Материалы и методы: в базах данных PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library и Web of Science проводился поиск рандомизированных контролируемых исследований, в которых проводилось сравнение результатов лечения острого холецистита при ранней и отложенной лапароскопической холецистэктомии.Результаты: было найдено 1356 статей, из которых для мета-анализа было отобрано 17 проспективных рандомизированных контролируемых исследований, в которых наблюдались 1756 пациентов. Наблюдалось снижение среднего количества койко-дней (Разность средних: -3,10; 95% ДИ -3,51,-2,69) и затрат на лечение (Стандартизованная разность средних: -0,78; 95% ДИ -1,31; -0,26) для пациентов из группы ранней лапароскопической холецистэктомии. Различий в смертности, общем количестве осложнений, переводов в лапаротомию, ятрогенном повреждении желчных протоков и средней длительности оперативного вмешательства не наблюдалось.Заключение: применение ранней лапароскопической холецистэктомии для лечения острого холецистита (в течение первой недели после появления симптомов) значительно сокращает количество времени и средств, затраченных на лечение пациента, не создавая повышенного риска возникновения любых интра- и постоперационных осложнений.
Dilemas éticos en Trabajo Social Sanitario. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Idareta Goldaracena Francisco , Iturralde Borda Joseba
Published: January 2019

Objetivo. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en conocer si las y los trabajadoras sociales son capaces de identificar los dilemas éticos en la intervención social, cuáles son los más habituales y cómo los resuelven. Este es uno de los primeros estudios empíricos en España sobre dilemas éticos en trabajo social sanitario. Métodos. La metodología utilizada en este estudio es cuantitativa (cuestionario) y cualitativa (entrevista semiestructurada). Participó la totalidad de trabajadoras y trabajadores sociales (15) que conforma la Unidad de Trabajo Social Sanitario del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Resultados. Los dilemas éticos más habituales son los relativos al principio de autonomía y sus límites (46,6%) y la confidencialidad (26,6%) y, frente a estos dilemas éticos, en su mayoría (86,6%), tienden a consultar las dudas a sus colegas. Conclusiones. Se constata que las y los profesionales son capaces de identificar los dilemas éticos y de gestionar su resolución y que consideran importante y necesario formarse en ética y deontología profesional.
Effects of four extenders on the quality of frozen semen in Arabian stallions
Authors: Alamaary Mohaammed Saad , Wahid Haron , Ali Mohamed , Hiew Mark Wen Han , Adamu Lawan , Peter Innocent Damudu
Published: January 2019

Aim: Different types of extenders have a variety of components which show the tolerance effect on sperm protection during freezing procedures. In the present study, we have examined the impact of the extenders HF-20 and Tris, which were locally manufactured, and they are competing with commercial extenders INRA Freeze® (IMV Technologies, France) and EquiPlus Freeze® (Minitube, Germany) on the quality of horses frozen semen. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 ejaculates from three healthy stallions were collected and cryopreserved in the same environment. Each semen sample collected was divided into four equal parts and processed. All samples were analyzed before and after freezing for motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and morphology. Furthermore, twenty mares were inseminated using post-thawed semen. Results: There were no differences observed among all extenders in all the parameters before freezing. Sperm cryopreserved using HF-20 showed better motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity than Tris extender. The Tris extender showed the most inferior quality of post-thawed semen between all the extenders. HF-20, INRA Freeze®, and EquiPlus Freeze® extenders revealed the same capacity of semen preservation in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: HF-20 extender has the same quality as INRA Freeze® and EquiPlus Freeze® that can be considered as one of the best extenders for the semen cryopreservation in horses. In contrast, Tris extender needs some degree of improvement.
PENGARUH 1,4-BUTANDIOL SEBAGAI POLIOL PADA MODIFIKASI EPOKSI MENGGUNAKAN POLIURETAN
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad , Haryono Agus , Saputra Asep Handaya , Triwulandari Evi
Published: January 2019

Corrosion is a natural phenomenon causing degradation value and function of material. The use of paints and polymer coatings is the most popular method to protect material against corrosion. Polymer coatings used was an epoxy-based organic resin and polyurethane. Generally, those coating materials were used separately. This study carried out the modification of epoxy with polyurethane in order to obtain coating materials as a combination of epoxy and polyurethane. Expectedly, the chemical reaction between epoxy coating-material and polyurethane could improve the characteristics of the obtained coating materials. Synthesis of polyurethane-modified epoxy with 1,4-butanediol as the polyol (ETP-BTD) was conducted by reacting epoxy resin, tolonate and 1,4-butanediol simultaneously at 50 oC for 30 min with dibutyltindilaurate as catalyst. Functional group analysis of ETP-BTD was performed by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), tensile strength by Ultimate Testing Machine (UTM), adhesion by ASTM D4541 Portable Pull-off Adhesion Testers, water vapor transmission rate by ASTM E96 Desiccant Method and thermal stability was studied using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The FTIR analysis results showed that there are urethane bonds at 1716-1690 cm-1. These results showed that modification of epoxy using polyurethane increased the tensile strength and adhesion, and also decreased the water vapor transmission rate of epoxy. Keywords: epoxy, modification, polyol, polyurethane, 1.4-butanediol
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF ETHOXYLATED GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE AS PALM OIL BASED NONIONIC SURFACTANTS
Authors: Adilina Indri Badria , Agustian Egi , Meliana Yenny , Sulaswatty Anny
Published: January 2019

Palm oil based nonionic surfactants were synthesized by reacting glycerol monooleate with ethylene oxide at 80 ºC in the prescence of an alkaline catalyst. Purification of the products was conducted by use of acetic acid and black carbon which gave ethoxylated products (EGMO) with a higher level of viscocity and greater solubility in water. Physical and chemical properties of the product such as surface activity, cloud point, acid value, ester value, hydroxyl value, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was also determined and results varied depending on the reagent molar ratio. The synthesized EGMO were soluble in water and therefore show potential use as surface active agents in personal care and cosmetic products.Keywords:   nonionic surfactant, ethoxylation, glycerol monooleate, palm oil
SINTESIS POLI (GLIKOLIDA-CO-LAKTIDA) DAN UJI BIODEGRADABILITASNYA
Authors: Sunaryanto Rofiq , Pranamuda Hardaning
Published: January 2019

Polylactide and polyglycolide are important aliphatic polyester consist of lactide and glycolide repeats unit. It is considered as green polymer due to it is produced from renewable agricultural resources. The development of biodegradable plastics based on agricultural resources is still important to be done. Copolymerization of glycolide with D-lactide, L-lactide, and DL-lactide using a Sn(Oct)2 as catalyst had been carried out. Polymerization was conducted by ring-opening of lactide and glycolide without the solvents but melting polymerization. Polymerization were conducted at 130 °C for 130 hours. Result of this study showed that polymerization of glycolide with D-lactide produce polymers with an average molecular weight of 8.2x103 and a yield of 72 %. Polymerization of glycolide with L-lactide produce polymer with an average molecular weight of 2.8x103 and a yield of 36 %. Polymerization glycolide with DL-lactide produce polymer with an average molecular weight of 2.5x103 with a 48 % yield. The burial test for 28 days showed poly (glycolide-co-Llaktida) degraded faster than other polymers, namely degraded 32 %. While poly (glycolide-co-DL-lactide) and poly (glycolide-co-D-lactide) showed similar degradation that is equal to 20 %. Compared with PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate), poly (glycolide-co-lactide) degraded more slowly.Keywords: Glycolide, lactide, copolymerization, biodegradable plastic
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI KAPULAGA (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton)
Authors: Sukandar Dede , Hermanto Sandra , Amelia Eka Rizki , Zaenudin Muhamad
Published: January 2019

Testing of antibacterial activity against ethyl acetate extract local cardamom seeds (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton) has been performed. Extraction was carried out using the soxhlet method with methanol solvent and liquid-liquid partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent, antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion method, fractionation using column chromatography and characterization of active fractions using chromatography GCMS, UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy. The test results showed that the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zone diameter of respectively 15.15 ± 1.34 and 13.50 ± 0.70 mm at a concentration of 3200 mg/mL. Results of fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction using column chromatography with a mobile phase of ethyl acetate: n-hexane (3: 2) yielded three fractions, namely F1 (14.6 mg), F2 (8.1 mg) and F3 (4.6 mg). Fraction 2 had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 12.34 ± 0.07 mm at a concentration of 800 ug/mL. The results of the characterization of the fraction 2 obtained using GCMS analysis of three antibacterial compounds suspected of 2.9-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol and 2,2-methylene bis [6- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-ethyl] phenol. The results of the F2 fraction characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy showed the presence of group C = C conjugated chromophore at λmax 223 nm and are based on analysis using FTIR there -OH alcohol functional group (3372 cm-1), aliphatic -CH (2926 and 2854 cm-1) , C = C (1695 cm-1), aliphatic CH2 (1402 cm-1), CH3 aliphatic (1384 cm-1), and C-O (1203; 1126; 1091 and 1043 cm-1). Keywords: Antibacterial, S. aureus, E. coli, Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton, disk diffusion
SKRINING IN SILICO POTENSI SENYAWA ALLICIN DARI ALLIUM SATIVUM SEBAGAI ANTIPLASMODIUM
Authors: Fatmawaty Fatmawaty , Hanafi Muhammad , Rosmalena Rosmalena , Prasasty Vivitri Dewi
Published: January 2019

Allicin compound (2-propene-1- sulphinothioat acid S-2-propenyl ester) is known to have potential as antiplasmodium in vitro. However, the inhibitory activity mechanism of Allicin to plasmodium is still unknown. In this research, we determined the inhibitory activity of Allicin in silico. Identification of physicochemical properties of Allicin compound and two Allicin derivatives, Alc1, Alc2 and Ac2Alc3 were also conducted.. Furthermore, analysis of drug-likeness and adsorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion (ADME) were carried out on the Allicin compound and its derivatives to find the potential of these compounds as drug candidates. In determining the specific interaction, we utilized molecular docking analysis between Allicin and its derivatives against a protein target Cysteine Protease (SP). Molecular  docking results showed that Allicin derivative, Alc2 (S-prop-2-en-1-yl 3-methylbut-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate, C10H18OS2) has better potential as inhibitors than Allicin, based on the lower bond energies and the inhibition constants, thus Alc2 can be used as an antiplasmodium agent candidate.Keywords: Allicin, Allicin derivatives, drug likeness, ADME, molecular docking
The characteristics and capabilities of the available open source health information technologies supporting healthcare: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Akhlaq Ather , McKinstry Brian , Sheikh Aziz
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Due to the many advantages of open source software (OSS), including reduced cost of licensing, more flexibility in terms of customisation and redistribution, better quality and no vendor lock-in, OSS in healthcare is increasingly gaining importance. Various open source health information technologies (OS-HITs) are continuously being designed and developed for different areas of healthcare to increase organisational efficiencies and quality of care at minimum costs. The objective of this scoping review is to identify the kinds of existing OS-HITs, their characteristics (e.g. functions) and capabilities (e.g. advantages/disadvantages) for various healthcare stakeholders (physicians and patients) and healthcare sectors (e.g. clinical, administrative).

Methods

We will conduct a scoping review to identify the range of available OS-HITs in international literature from 1980 to September 2018. Searches will be conducted in six major international databases, namely: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, Excerpta Medica Database, Global Health, Library Information Science and Technology Abstracts, Medline and Web of Science to identify relevant published research. We will also search the Google search engine and Google Scholar for on-going and unpublished work and the grey literature. Searches will be peer-reviewed by two independent reviewers and will not be limited by methodology or language. Next, selected references will be tabulated for study characteristics by author affiliation, country of origin, the name of OS-HIT, healthcare area/sector, system requirements, stakeholders, complete solution and web link. Furthermore, functions, benefits/advantages, disadvantages and outcomes (e.g. usability) of OS-HITs will be extracted. Narrative and interpretative synthesis of data will be undertaken.

Results

We will report our findings in a peer-reviewed journal.
Newborn screening data management: proposing a framework for Iran
Authors: Ayatollahi Haleh , Karimi Sara , Ahmadi Maryam
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Different countries use a variety of methods to manage the newborn screening data. In this study, we aimed to compare the experiences of the selected countries to propose a framework for managing the newborn screening data in Iran.

Methods

In this comparative study, data were collected using electronic databases and the official website of the Department of Health in America, England and Australia. Data related to the process of newborn screening in Iran were collected using an open-ended questionnaire and reviewing the published documents.

Results

In this study, a framework for newborn screening data management was proposed which consisted of six main areas, namely; objectives, involved organisations, data elements, data collection processes, data classification systems and the methods of controlling data quality.

Conclusion

The framework suggested in this study can help to re-organise the process of newborn screening with more focus on data management. These data can be used in conducting research and setting strategies for improving the quality of child health in the country.
Substâncias psicoativas: o consumo entre acadêmicos de uma universidade do sul do Brasil
Authors: Ferraz Lucimare , Piato Angelo Luis Stapassoli , Anzolin Vinicius , Matter Gabriel Ribeiro , Busato Maria Assunta
Published: January 2019

O objetivo desse estudo foi conhecer a dinâmica do consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre acadêmicos de diferentes cursos numa universidade do sul do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, realizado com acadêmicos dos cursos de medicina, direito e engenharia civil, por meio de um questionário estruturado. Dentre os acadêmicos, 39,3% já usaram, ao menos uma vez na vida, substâncias psicoativas. As substâncias mais utilizadas foram os tranquilizantes e ansiolíticos (20%). Não se obteve uma evidencia estatística quanto o aumento do consumo de substâncias psicoativas ao longo dos anos dos cursos. Conhecer a dinâmica do uso de substâncias psicoativas entre universitários é importante para o planejamento de políticas preventivas que estabeleçam estratégias para a redução e controle dessa realidade no âmbito das universidades brasileiras.
Filhos transgêneros merecem aceitação, respeito e amor: análise da reportagem do site dicas de mulher
Authors: Arana Ariane Pickersgill , Magalhães Joanalira Corpes
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho é resultante das pesquisas que temos realizado na dissertação mestrado que visa investigar como as crianças trans estão sendo (re)produzidas pelas mídias digitais. A partir desse estudo, temos como proposta neste artigo analisar uma reportagem do site Dicas de Mulher, que apresenta uma matéria a respeito dos/as filhos/as transgêneros/as. Por meio desse artefato cultural é que vamos investigar que tipos de leituras estão presentes nesse site que têm como propósito auxiliar mulheres nas mais variadas instâncias sociais, além de, analisar como estão sendo discutidas as questões de gênero. Através desse artefato é importante também pensarmos a educação para além da escola: que espaços são esses que também educam os sujeitos? Que locais essas pedagogias culturais estão inseridas e se fazendo valer de ensinamentos diários sobre “a vida”, sobre a constituição e valores de um sujeito?
Facebook e escola: novas interações entre professores e alunos
Authors: Bredow Valdirene Hessler , Zamperetti Maristani Polidori
Published: January 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar o potencial dos grupos do Facebook como ferramentas possíveis e viáveis para procedimentos pedagógicos e desenvolvimento do trabalho docente, possibilitando a aprendizagem e a construção do conhecimento de forma interativa entre professores e alunos. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa utilizou a análise de um grupo do site de rede social Facebook, entrevistas com professores e aplicação de um questionário on-line para os alunos. Concluiu-se que o Facebook é uma ferramenta inovadora, interessante e viável para a utilização no ambiente escolar, visto que os alunos e professores encontram-se conectados e fazem parte de tal site de rede social, sendo um meio com diversos recursos como cores, sons, imagens e outros artifícios que chamam a atenção e fazem parte da realidade dos jovens estudantes.