bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Informatization and Paradigm Change in Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Maisah Maisah , Nasution Faisal Hakim , MY Mahmud , Junaidi Roni
Published: January 2025

Islamic higher education currently faces significant challenges due to the transformation of information technology and digitalization, which have the potential to erode Islamic identity. The goal of this study is to examine the integration of informatization into Islamic higher education and pinpoint the necessary paradigm shifts for cultivating graduates with robust character and professional skills. The study employs a qualitative approach, incorporating phenomenology and documentation techniques, to comprehensively collect and analyze data. The results of the study indicate that the application of technology in the curriculum, teaching methods, and academic administration can improve efficiency and effectiveness without neglecting fundamental Islamic values. We recommend Islamic higher education to revitalize scientific traditions, build international collaborations, and adopt a multidisciplinary approach to effectively address modern challenges. This study makes an important contribution by emphasizing the need for a balance between innovation and Islamic values in producing graduates who are not only excellent in academic aspects but also have high social and moral awareness and are able to make real contributions to society.
Principal Promotion Strategy in Increasing the Number of New Students
Authors: Susetiyo Ari , Nugraha Muhammad Zainuddin Ikhsan
Published: January 2025

The principal plays a very crucial role in increasing the number of students at Madrasah Ibtida'iyah Miftahul Muna, because the success of an educational institution is often determined by effective leadership and marketing strategies. The purpose of this study was to understand the strategies implemented by the principal in increasing the number of students, as well as the implementation and results of these strategies. The method used was a qualitative approach, with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using data collection techniques, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. To ensure the validity of the data, increased persistence and triangulation were used. The results of the study showed that the principal's strategy to increase new student admissions at MI Miftahul Muna Prambon involved a promotion mix. The implementation of this strategy included activities such as advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing. The programs implemented were proven to be able to attract the attention of prospective new students, indicating the effectiveness of the strategies implemented. The contribution of this study is to provide new insights into the integration of various marketing strategies in the context of educational institutions, as well as offering practical examples that can be adopted by other educational institutions to increase student admissions.
The JADES Transient Survey: Discovery and Classification of Supernovae in the JADES Deep Field
Authors: DeCoursey Christa , Egami Eiichi , Pierel Justin D. R. , Sun Fengwu , Rest Armin , Coulter David A. , Engesser Michael , Siebert Matthew R. , Hainline Kevin N. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Bunker Andrew J. , Cargile Phillip A. , Charlot Stephane , Chen Wenlei , Curti Mirko , DeFour-Remy Shea , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Fox Ori D. , Gezari Suvi , Gomez Sebastian , Jencson Jacob , Joshi Bhavin A. , Khairnar Sanvi , Lyu Jianwei , Maiolino Roberto , Moriya Takashi J. , Quimby Robert M. , Rieke George H. , Rieke Marcia J. , Robertson Brant , Shahbandeh Melissa , Strolger Louis-Gregory , Tacchella Sandro , Wang Qinan , Williams Christina C. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Willott Chris , Zenati Yossef
Published: January 2025

The JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) is a multicycle JWST program that has taken among the deepest near- and mid-infrared images to date (down to ∼30 AB mag) over ∼25 arcmin2 in the GOODS-S field in two sets of observations with 1 yr of separation. This presented the first opportunity to systematically search for transients, mostly supernovae (SNe), out to z > 2. We found 79 SNe: 38 at z < 2, 23 at 2 < z < 3, 8 at 3 < z < 4, 7 at 4 < z < 5, and 3 with undetermined redshifts, where the redshifts are predominantly based on spectroscopic or highly reliable JADES photometric redshifts of the host galaxies. At this depth, the detection rate is ∼1–2 arcmin–2 yr–1, demonstrating the power of JWST as an SN discovery machine. We also conducted multiband follow-up NIRCam observations of a subset of the SNe to better constrain their light curves and classify their types. Here, we present the survey, sample, search parameters, spectral energy distributions, light curves, and classifications. Even at z ≥ 2, the NIRCam data quality is high enough to allow SN classification via multiepoch light-curve fitting with confidence. The multiepoch SN sample includes a Type Ia SN at z
spec = 2.90, a Type IIP SN at z
spec = 3.61, and a Type Ic-BL SN at z
spec = 2.83. We also found that two z ∼ 16 galaxy candidates from the first imaging epoch were actually transients that faded in the second epoch, illustrating the possibility that moderate/high-redshift SNe could mimic high-redshift dropout galaxies.
Similarities and Differences between ICME-driven Shocks Observed by VEX (∼0.72 au) and WIND (∼1.0 au)
Authors: Ruan Mengsi , Zuo Pingbing , Zhou Zilu , Wei Jiayun , Feng Xueshang , Wang Yi , Xu Qi , Xu Xiaojun , Zou Zhengyang , Shen Zhenning
Published: January 2025

The features of interplanetary shocks driven by interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) observed by WIND (∼1.0 au) and Venus Express (VEX; ∼0.72 au) during the same period are statistically analyzed by comparing their similarities and differences. It is found that the proportion of ICME-driven shocks in all shocks decreases slightly from ∼0.72 to ∼1 au. The yearly occurrence of ICME-driven shocks at both ∼0.72 and ∼1 au roughly follows the sunspot cycle, while the magnetic field ratio does not show such a correspondence. In each year, the annual medians of the shock angle for ICME-driven shocks at ∼1 au are consistently larger than those at ∼0.72 au, and the annual medians of the magnetic field ratio for events at ∼1 au are slightly smaller than those at ∼0.72 au. Planar magnetic structures (PMSs) downstream of ICME-driven shocks are also analyzed. Approximately 28.57% of the detected PMS events from VEX observations and 28.84% from WIND observations cover the entire 2 hr intervals downstream of the shocks, which are referred to as full PMS events. Through comparative analysis for VEX and WIND observations, it is found that strong and quasi-perpendicular ICME-driven shocks are the most preferable conditions for full PMS formation.
ORIGIN: Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Nucleobases for In Situ Space Exploration
Authors: Boeren Nikita J. , Keresztes Schmidt Peter , Tulej Marek , Wurz Peter , Riedo Andreas
Published: January 2025

The ORganics Information Gathering INstrument (ORIGIN) is a space-prototype laser desorption ionization mass spectrometer designed to analyze molecular biosignatures. Nucleobases, fundamental components of nucleic acids, have been found in carbonaceous meteorites and in returned samples from the asteroid Ryugu, which suggest their extraterrestrial origin and possibly their significance in prebiotic chemistry and the RNA world hypothesis. Therefore, future space missions should be equipped for the in situ detection of nucleobases at relevant concentrations. This study investigated six nucleobases—adenine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil—using the ORIGIN setup. All six are readily detected and identified, with the mass spectra showing parent ions and minimal fragmentation. Mixture analyses illustrate the instrument's quantitative potential. The detection limit for adenine was 52 fmol mm–2, and we show that sensitivity can be further improved by increasing detector voltage and sampling more positions. This study demonstrates ORIGIN’s capability to detect nucleobases at trace abundance levels. The detection of nucleobases and other molecular biosignatures on other planetary objects might offer new insights into the origin of life on Earth and the possibility of discovering life beyond our planet.
Data mobilisation for historical records of vascular plants in eastern Asia: V. L. Komarov’s expedition to Far-Eastern Russia, China and Korea from 1895 to 1897
Authors: Chang Chin Sung , Chang Kae Sun , Kim Hui
Published: January 2025

Historical collections of herbaria and literature play a crucial role in documenting biodiversity information. The botanical biodiversity of northern Asia is significantly understudied compared to other regions of China and Japan. In particular, the biodiversity patterns in China's three north-eastern provinces, North Korea and the Russian Far East remain poorly understood, with substantial gaps when compared to the records of species distributions in Japan, South Korea and inland China. The Komarov data, orginally written in Russian, required extensive efforts to georeference the 130-year-old Chinese and North Korean place names to their modern equivalents and translate historical names to their current forms. This study aims to restore the Komarov data, including both specimen records and occurrence data, to assist the broader scientific and environmental community in recovering key biodiversity data from the past of northeast Asia. The impetus for this work was the need to assign geographic coordinates to plant specimens collected in the region and to V.L. Komarov's observations as primary occurrence data from 1895 to 1897.

In this study, we present historical occurrence data obtained from the north-eastern Asian plant expedition carried out from 1895 to 1897 by V.L. Komarov in Far-Eastern Russia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, the eastern region of Liaoning in China and the northern region of Korea. The occurrences were georeferenced to more than 350 sites in Russia, China and Korea. All occurrences were georeferenced and species names were cross-checked and taxonomically updated using our own Asian plant checklist. The dataset consists of 21,114 primary occurrence records, comprising 6,956 specimens and 14,158 observation records. The outcome clearly shows that such initiatives can reveal an unexpected amount of highly valuable biodiversity information for “data-poor” regions.
Mentalisation et élaboration du traumatisme dans une situation de violence conjugale. Apports du Rorschach
Authors: Belot Rose-Angélique , Cesari Justine , Coutelier Priscilla , Martin Élisabeth , Maïdi Houari
Published: January 2025

La violence conjugale constitue une des formes les plus courantes de violence intrafamiliale. Multiforme et complexe, elle touche tous les milieux, tous les âges et le nombre de situations décrites ne cesse d’augmenter. Certaines femmes réussissent à s’extraire de la violence conjugale tandis que d’autres sont victimes de violences continues et répétées durant de longues périodes et avec, parfois, plusieurs conjoints successifs. Les ressources psychiques dont ces femmes disposent doivent être interrogées, ainsi que la qualité de leurs liens précoces. Pour ce faire, nous avons construit un protocole de recherche au sein d’un service de Médecine Légale visant à mieux discriminer les facteurs intrapsychiques susceptibles de favoriser la mise en place d’un processus de sortie de crise pour les victimes. Cet article présente et analyse la situation clinique de M me Ella, patiente au sein du service de Médecine Légale depuis la séparation d’avec son conjoint suite à un premier épisode de violence. Avec l’épreuve projective Rorschach, nous avons investigué les modalités de construction psychique et les ressources dont le sujet dispose, plus particulièrement la qualité de sa mentalisation qui représente, selon nos hypothèses, un rempart contre la mise en place de l’emprise et un atout essentiel dans la possibilité d’élaboration du traumatisme de la violence. Les résultats de cette étude confirment que l’introjection d’un objet interne sécurisant et l’identification à des figures étayantes contribuent au développement de solides ressources et d’un fonctionnement psychique souple. Aussi, l’analyse de cette situation clinique montre que le développement d’une mentalisation opérante, soutenu par des liens précoces investis, participe à la détection rapide des dysfonctionnements de la relation, aide à la mobilisation des ressources pour s’extraire du lien violent et garantit la mise en place des remaniements psychiques nécessaires à l’élaboration du traumatisme qui en découle.
The Margins of Trade
Authors: Fieler Ana Cecília , Eaton Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Welfare depends on the quantity, quality, and range of goods consumed. We use trade data, which report the quantities and prices of the individual goods that countries exchange, to learn about how the gains from trade and growth break down into these different margins. Our general equilibrium model, in which both quality and quantity contribute to consumption and to production, captures (i) how prices increase with importer and exporter per capita income, (ii) how the range of goods traded rises with importer and exporter size, and (iii) how products traveling longer distances have higher prices. Our framework can deliver a standard gravity formulation for total trade flows and for the gains from trade. We find that growth in the extensive margin contributes to about half of overall gains. Quality plays a larger role in the welfare gains from international trade than from economic growth due to selection.
Etnolingüística y zoonimia en el valle de Roncal (Pirineo Navarro, España)
Authors: Orduna Portús Pablo M. , Pérez Artuch Ángel María
Published: January 2025

Este estudio contribuye al análisis de la etnozoonimia local desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar. Tras el trabajo de encuestación etnográfica y la revisión de literatura científica durante los años 2021/2023 se ha registrado el conocimiento tradicional y etnozoológico de la comarca. Así se han obtenido 392 zoónimos de 183 especies animales (180 identificadas y 3 constituyendo grupos no determinados aún). Los resultados del análisis indican que el 59,7 1% de los zoónimos presentan lexemas, prefijos o sufijos euskéricos, varios de los cuales se comparten entre los distintos animales estudiados y que el 84,7 % de dichos animales presentan multiplicidad de zoónimos. Además, tras la clasificación etnográfica de los mismos se obtiene que las categorías más destacadas son las relativas a los fisiozoónimos y a los onomazoónimos. Se concluye con una evaluación de la evolución, en razón de la pérdida o conservación de estos nombres comunes atendiendo a la contextualización antropológica y zoológica local.
Side Impact Crashworthiness of EVs: A Numerical Study in Material Efficacy
Authors: Shahid Farzan , Tiwari Harsh , Panwar Mayank , Gautam Vijay
Published: January 2025

This study examines electric vehicle (EV) crashworthiness with a focus on side impact scenarios affecting high-voltage (around 400V) battery packs. Using a 2001 Ford Taurus model, the research compares the performance of side door beams constructed from HSLA steel, boron steel, and Dual-Phase (DP-590) steel in crash simulations. The results indicate that boron steel significantly enhances impact resistance, minimizing battery pack damage and improving occupant safety over HSLA and DP-590 steel. The findings recommend boron steel for critical areas in EV design, with DP-590 steel emerging as an alternative option that still maintains safety standards. Future research is suggested to confirm these results through empirical testing and to investigate advanced materials for further safety improvements in EVs.
Materials-Technology Co-Optimization (MTCO) for Inter-Die-Gap-Fill (IDGF) in Heterogeneous Integration of Chiplets
Authors: Seutter Sean , Wang Zongbin , Xiong Lulu , Luo Peng , Hong Zijie , Lee Doug , Ramasamy Balamurugan , Suo Peng , Lianto Prayudi , See Guan Huei
Published: January 2025

Materials-Technology Co-Optimization (MTCO) is used to engineer Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) of dielectric material properties for the Inter-Die-Gap-Fill (IDGF) between bonded chiplets in 2D and 3D heterogeneous integration. Mechanical properties of the dielectric IDGF are accurately tuned to eliminate cracking due to external forces in the next planarization processes. Thermal properties of the dielectric IDGF are tuned to effectively reduce thermal stress and eliminate cracking through downstream anneal and deposition processes. We demonstrate a working process flow to evaluate mechanical and thermal cracking stability of the IDGF material for heterogenous integration development.
A Novel Approach to Co-Design of Analog and RF Multi-Die Packages
Authors: Park John
Published: January 2025

Design requirements for Thin Film organic Interposers are very different from standard organic substrates. Achieving optimal design & electrical performance, while maintaining maximum manufacturing rules & yield requirements are extremely important. Heterogenous Integrated chiplets and Advanced Packaging Technologies both rely on the designer to follow IC level design rules provided by the foundries that are required for manufacturing success. Understanding these rules and how to set up designs for success is a learning process, that can be very challenging to designers who have not completed these types of designs in the past.

This presentation will outline some of the critical steps to be aware of in the Interposer design flow, such as planning strategies, typical manufacturing and yield requirements, and alternative solutions to alleviate some of the many challenges designers will face for completing these types of designs.
5G Electronics: Bridging the Measurement Challenges with Reference Material Development
Authors: Enright Lucas , Olszewska-Placha M. , Hill M. J. , Phommakesone Say , Kato D. , Hill C. A. , Kähäri, H. , Lee C. , Chen C. S. , Orloff Nate , Celuch M. , Ray Urmi
Published: January 2025

iNEMI 5G Materials Characterization Project Report I:

The lack of traceable reference material for

mmWaves is a very serious problem. This lack

makes verification of measurement methods and

laboratory techniques impossible in an industry setting.
Overlay Analysis and Optimization for High-Accuracy Hybrid D2W Bonding
Authors: Bex Pieter
Published: January 2025

In this study we analyze the misalignment of dielectric bonded die-to-wafer (D2W) assemblies using a direct D2W bonding approach. Understanding the overlay error contributors is essential to enable high accuracy direct hybrid D2W bonding. Next to the translation and rotation placement error, initial results also show an apparent scaling error.

A dedicated overlay test vehicle is designed to enable high resolution overlay measurements. Every single 7.2*7.2mm^2 die contains 25 overlay measurement locations, allowing a more detailed intra-die overlay analysis. Patterned 50 µm thin dies are directly bonded to a patterned target wafer using a BESI ChameoUltraPlus high accuracy (hybrid) D2W bonder. After bonding, Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) shows good bonding yield with very little voids.

Next, an infrared (IR) overlay measurement is performed on 25 points per individual bonded die. This high-resolution overlay measurement confirms a significant linear scaling component of around 33ppm, resulting in a ~150nm scaling error in the die corners, in addition to the die placement error. Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling shows that a dielectric layer induced deformation in the thin top die combined with a die-center mechanical bond initiation is the main cause of the observed scaling error.

Further analysis of the overlay error reveals only a very small residual fingerprint. This shows the importance of reducing the scaling error, either by exploring alternative bondheads which cause less die deformation, and/or the introduction of stress compensation layers.
3.5D Packaging for Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Buch Chintan
Published: January 2025

Exponential growth in the number of parameters used to train machine learning (ML) models for artificial intelligence (AI) training & inference applications consequently requires extensive compute resources like CPUs, GPUs, and memory, all working in tandem at high bandwidth. Heterogeneous integration via chiplet architectures is also key to enabling economically feasible growth of power efficient computing, given the slowdown in Moore’s law. In this paper, we summarized the key advanced packaging technologies that directly enabled the heterogenous integration of multiple chiplets like CPUs, GPUs, active interposers, high bandwidth memory (HBMs) die and passive components in the largest, most complex, and high power (550 W+) AMD Instinct™ MI300 accelerator package built by AMD. Three key technologies are described: direct Cu-Cu hybrid bonding, 2.5D integration on large silicon interposer, and metal TIM-based cooling solution used in MI300. Package level reliability results are also presented.
Aerosol Jet Printing for Three Dimensional Interconnects
Authors: Renn Michael
Published: January 2025

Electrical connections between IC chips and printed circuit boards are typically accomplished by wire bonding. Although a mature technology, wire bonds have limitations due to increased package size, potential for damage during handling, and parasitic inductance which limits high frequency performance. With conformal interconnects, the electrical connections are printed with nanoparticle inks and then heated form solid conductive wires up the sidewall of die. Many advantages result including low profile, ultra thin connections, and high density packages. Unlike wire bonds, printed interconnects can be geometrically tailored to optimize impedance matching, with resulting frequency performance exceeding 90 GHz. Aerosol Jet® is a non-contact printing approach that when combined with multi-axis motion can print both metals and dielectrics in 3D multilayer geometries. The specific presentation will include results of high density gold interconnects, with 25 µm/25 µm line/space, between silicon bare die and alumina substrate. The first step is to print a dielectric fillet over the vertical die edge and junction with alumina. The fillet serves to insulate the die sidewall and form a mechanical buffer layer to match the thermal expansion of the Si, Alumina, and gold. Polyimide is preferred for its high working temperature (~250C) and capability to withstand thermal cycling to cryogenic temperatures. After curing the PI, nano-gold traces are printed between bond pads of the alumina and I/O on the die surface. The nano-gold can be sintered in an oven at 200C or laser sintered in situ to produce interconnect resistances below 1 Ohm.
Saras Embedded STile TM IPD Technology for High Performance Power Delivery Networks
Authors: DeProspo Bart
Published: January 2025

Power delivery challenges require new innovations beyond Silicon.

The Saras STile addresses these challenges by:

▶ Best in class Capacitance density and stability

▶ Customizable Vertical Power Delivery Solution

▶ Supports increased Si functionality
Metrology of Electrodeposition of New Iron-alloy Barrier Layers in Packaging
Authors: Saitta Patrick , Wang Jingjing , Shalyt Eugene
Published: January 2025

Barrier layers are used in packaging to prevent the diffusion of copper into the solder material, which could otherwise severely limit performance. Barriers should also have low resistivity, good adhesion to the pad and solder metals, and slow reaction kinetics. Nickel has commonly been used as a barrier, but as bump pitches continue to scale down (below 25µm), it becomes unsuitable for use because a thin layer of Ni film can be entirely consumed (and fairly quickly), leaving only an intermetallic compound behind and limiting its function to block electromigration. Thus, there is large interest in new barrier materials at this size. Iron-containing alloys (e.g. FeNi, FeCo) have recently been studied as a barrier material between the copper and solder bumps in lead-free flip chips. In particular, FeCo, demonstrates up to 10 times slower reaction kinetics than pure Ni, thereby significantly reducing intermetallic compound growth and extending its lifetime considerably.

The barrier material’s properties are dependent on the composition of the alloy, making the control of electrodeposition process crucial. In this work, we provide for comprehensive analysis of bath components, demonstrated with multiple analytical techniques including UVVIS spectroscopy, HPLC, and electrochemical methods (e.g. voltammetry). Detection of critical breakdown products is also reported. For example, in iron-containing plating baths, dissolved oxygen can easily oxidize Fe(II) to Fe(III). Accumulation of Fe(III) affects the quality and property of the alloy. An accurate and selective method is developed to measure low level of Fe(III) where the Fe(III):Fe(II) ratio is 1:100 or less.
A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders and Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Positive and Negative Affect, and Emotional Awareness in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hashemipoor Zavareh Maryam , Bahramipour Isfahani Mansoureh , Sajjadian Ilnaz
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of unified protocols for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders and modular cognitive-behavioral therapy on positive and negative affect and emotional awareness in children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D).

Materials and Methods:

In this semi-experimental pretest-posttest study, T1D patients enrolled in two experimental groups: unified protocols for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders and modular cognitive-behavioral therapy interventions in a unified process and one control group. After the completion of the therapeutic sessions, all three groups responded to the research questionnaires in the post-test phase and after a two-month follow-up and were compared.

Results:

The results of the repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the unified protocols for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders and modular cognitive-behavioral therapy interventions had a significant effect on increasing positive affect and emotional awareness, as well as reducing negative affect in children with T1D, and the effects of the treatment remained during the follow-up stage (P < 0.001). A comparison between the two treatments also indicated that the modular cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention had a greater effectiveness in reducing the negative affect variable in the post-test phase compared to the unified protocols for transdiagnostic treatment (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two therapeutic methods in other variables (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Based on these findings, both interventions can be used as useful treatments to improve psychological variables in children with T1D. These results underscore its potential as a potent tool for enhancing the emotional well-being of individuals with this condition, thereby contributing to an improved quality of life.
A Case–Control Study of the Association of Novel Androgens (11-KT and DHT), Classical Androgens (Testosterone and DHEAS), Hormones (LH, FSH, 17-OHP, Insulin, and SHBG), Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and Dyslipidemia in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Kumar Nirmal , Sharma Neera , Roy Smita , Chawla Indu , Sharma Lokesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background:

The measurement of androgens (testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)) remains standard for the evaluation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women. However, other early novel androgen markers, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), may open a separate path of measurement, which may be more potent. The study was conducted with the objectives to analyze the association of 11-KT and DHT with established markers and with the clinical profile of PCOS patients.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted on 30 newly diagnosed cases of PCOS as per the Rotterdam criteria and 30 age-matched controls. The estimation of testosterone, DHEAS, 11-KT, and DHT was performed by the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. The assessment of biochemical and hormonal parameters was compared and correlated with 11-KT and DHT.

Results:

Compared to the controls, cases had significantly higher 11-KT (20.81 ± 3.53 vs. 15.83 ± 2.67 nmol/L, P < 0.0001) and DHT (154.39 vs. 71.02 pg/mL, P < 0.0001). 11-KT showed a significant positive correlation with total testosterone (TT) (r = 0.555) and DHEAS (r = 0.501). DHT also showed a significant positive correlation with TT (r = 0.487) and DHEAS (r = 0.52).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, novel androgen derivatives (11-KT and DHT) hold equivalent evidence for the evaluation of women with PCOS as they are raised in women with PCOS as compared to controls. Moreover, they show a good correlation with the standard markers currently used for PCOS.
Bone Densitometric Analysis using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (Cone Beam CT) and Computed Tomography (CT): Establishing the Correlation between Predicted and Actual Values
Authors: Kumar Rashmit , Punnoose Kurian , Chikkanna Meenakumari , Gunturu Srikanth , Alrifai Mosa Mohammad , Al Zahrani Abdulghani Saeed , Suresh Babu J. , Swarnalatha C. , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: January 2025

Background:

One of the major drawbacks of cone beam computed tomography (cone beam CT) is that unlike CT, the gray density values obtained from cone beam CT are relative, and not absolute as obtained in the case of CT. The present study was conducted with the intent to perform a comparative bone densitometric analysis using cone beam CT and CT and to determine if there was a mathematical correlation between the two.

Materials and Methods:

The present in-vitro study included CT and cone beam CT scans of 30 dry mandibles wherein the gray density values from well-demarcated, precise anatomical areas were obtained, analyzed, and compared. Also, the dependent t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were used for statistical analysis, while probability values (P values) < 0.05 were contemplated as being statistically significant.

Results:

Pearson’s correlation between the gray density values for different combinations of point(s)/group(s) as derived on CT and cone beam CT images revealed the results to be statistically significant for each of the imaging methods used, individually and when compared in between the two methods, in all the cases (P < 0.001) when analyzed at 5% level of significance.

Conclusions:

The mean gray density values obtained with cone beam CT were found to be significantly higher than the ones derived from CT in the present study, though, a linear correlation was observed between the values obtained from cone beam CT and CT, which can be used to convert the relative values obtained with cone beam CT into absolute values derived with CT.
Clinical and Cephalometric Comparison of Preorthodontic Trainer and Twin Block Appliance in Growing Patients with a Retropositioned Mandible in Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Thorat Aishwarya , Manerikar Ravindra , Toshniwal N. G. , Tonde Apoorva , Mishra Sumeet
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Developing Class II malocclusion is one of the prevalent and dramatic problems in the growing dentition stage, which demands early interception. The prefabricated preorthodontic trainer (POT) was created in response to the need for a prefabricated, configurable device. The trainer system was created to combine the principles of myofunctional therapy with dental alignment into a user-friendly, single-size device.

Materials and Methods:

Patients after diagnosis with angles Class II malocclusion with retro-positioned mandible and an overjet >4 mm and ANB more than 4°, with normal dentition for the age were selected for the study. The study conducted, was an experimental randomized clinical trial on a sample size of 12, 6 of which were given the POT appliance and 6 acted as the control group and were given the conventional twin block appliance.

Results:

The overjet and overbite measures between the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly. Superior soft-tissue changes were accomplished with the POT appliance. The sagittal advancement by the POT and twin block appliance improved the upper and lower airway considerably.

Conclusion:

In comparison to standard twin block appliances, the POT appliance offers an easy alternative treatment strategy. The twin block appliance caused more skeletal alterations than the POT, although both appliances corrected a developing Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The POT appliance however, resulted in better soft-tissue corrections.
Partial nephrectomy for a completely endophytic tumor in an allograft kidney, 14 years after transplantation
Authors: Patil Vivek Dadasaheb , Yensani Prashanth Reddy , Prasad Vishnu , Nuthalapati Mounish , Agrawal Shashank , Menon Arun Ramdas , Kumar P. Ginil
Published: January 2025

We report our experience with nephron-sparing surgery for a completely endophytic small renal mass in an allograft kidney. A 37-year-old female, 14 years post live-related renal transplant for end-stage renal disease due to crescentic glomerulonephritis, presented with a 3.6 cm renal mass. She underwent open allograft partial nephrectomy and was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. Six months postsurgery, she showed excellent graft function with no tumor recurrence. Nephron-sparing surgery of the allograft kidney presents challenges regarding vascular anatomy, hilar, and parenchymal adhesions making the surgery difficult, but is feasible and oncologically safe for transplant recipients with tumors in the allograft kidney.
Effects of Dietary Phospholipids on Growth, Biochemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profiles, Blood Metrics, and Sex Steroid Hormone of Male Pangasius nasutus Broodstock
Authors: Torsabo Donald , Idris Nurizzati , Iber Benedict Terkula , Arome Ataguba Gabriel , Chu Ivan Koh Chong , Abduh Muhammad Yazed , Noordin Noordiyana Mat , Azra Mohamad Nor , Impellitteri Federica , Faggio Caterina , Abol-Munafi Ambok Bolong
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effects of phospholipids (PLs) supplemented diets on the growth, blood metrics, reproductive indices, and fatty acid profiles of male Pangasius nasutus (shark catfish) broodstock, a commercially valuable freshwater fish species. Over a 90-day feeding trial, four groups of fish were placed in a large open earthen pond within 4 cages with a control group. Each cage housed 15 fish, with an initial average weight of 643±0.34g and an average length of 43.3±0.12 cm. These fish were fed different levels of PLs (0, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%) in their diets twice daily, at 7:00 am and 6:00 pm, to satiation. The results showed that PLs supplementation significantly improved some of the biological indices, such as hepatosomatic index, coelomic fat index, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate. PLs supplementation also influenced the blood metrics, such as red blood cell count, haematocrit, haemoglobin, and white blood cell count. PLs supplementation significantly improved reproductive indices, including GSI, elevated 11-ketotestosterone production, and altered fatty acid profiles in male P. nasutus. These findings suggest PLs potential to enhance reproductive performance and fish nutrition, both of which are critical to aquaculture production.
The Effects of Formulated Diet Inclusion on Growth and Reproductive Performances of Artemia franciscana
Authors: Amin Muhamad , Hasanah Mahfudz Dzotul , Alamsjah Mochammad Amin , Wisudyawati Dita , Musdalifah Laila
Published: January 2025

Artemia is an important live diet for shrimp and fish larvae in Indonesian hatcheries, yet its supply is highly dependent on imported products. Few hatcheries have been trying to culture and produce Artemia nauplii indoors. However, the artemia diet such as Tetraselmis chuii is very costly and laborious in preparation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of microalgal substitution with a formulated diet on the growth, fecundity, nauplii production, and survival rate of A. franciscana. A formulated diet (48% crude protein) was prepared and tested in a completely randomized design with five treatments (T1: 100% T. chuii as control, T2: 75% T. chuii and 25% formulated diets, T3: 50% T. chuii dan 50% formulated diets, T4: 25% T. chuii dan 75% formulated diets, T5: 100% formulated diets), and four replications. The results showed that the formulated diet can substitute microalgal diet up to 50% without significantly affecting the growth, fecundity, nauplii production, and survival rate of A. franciscana, P<0.05. These data are useful to improve A. franciscana culture to produce artemia biomass for feeding larvae of marine species.
Potentials of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean) Protein Concentrate as a Viable Option to Fishmeal in the Diets of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Juveniles
Authors: Olude Oluwagbenga , Ajayi Abiodun , Fayemi Ayotunde , Ohaneme Peace
Published: January 2025

Given the sustainability challenges associated with the usage of fishmeal (FM) in aquafeed, bambara groundnut (BG) protein concentrate (BGPC) was investigated as FM substitute in the diets of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Protein from BG was precipitated at its iso-electric point and the product was used to replace FM at 0 (Control, BGPC0), 33 (BGPC33), 66 (BGPC66) and 100% (BGPC100). The diets, which contained similar crude protein (40%) and energy (19.5kJ/g), were fed to three groups of juveniles C. gariepinus (mean weight, 10.07±0.02g) for 45 days. The growth performance of the group fed BGPC66 was similar (P>0.05) to other groups. Feed utilization parameters were identical (P>0.05) across groups. Lymphocytes increased significantly (P<0.05) in the BGPC-fed groups compared to the control. The BGPC100-fed group had higher (P<0.05) total protein and globulin than the control group. Hepatic and serum aspartic (AST) and alanine (ALT) transaminases, serum glucose and respiratory burst activity were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by dietary BGPC. Intestinal amylase activity was significantly (P<0.05) lowered by supplementing 66 and 100% BGPC in C. gariepinus diet. This study revealed that up to 66% of FM can be substituted by BGPC in feed for C. gariepinus without eliciting significant growth, nutrient metabolism and health compromise.
ERRATUM: Efficiency and Emissions of Electric and Hydrogen Light- and
Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Authors: Wade Wallace R.
Published: January 2025

ERRATUM
Performance Specification Anti-Seize Thread Compound, High Temperature - Copper Only
Authors:   AMS M Aerospace Greases Committee
Published: January 2025

The foundation specification (AMS3050) and this category specification (AMS3050/1) cover anti-seize greases conforming to the requirements but using the anti-seize ingredient Copper only.
Nickel-Iron Alloy, Magnetic, Sheet and Strip 50Ni - 50Fe Annealed, Forming Grade
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers a magnetically soft nickel-iron alloy in the form of sheet and strip.
Empowering Sustainability: Unveiling Green Building Awareness and Solutions in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Bhattarai Subash Kumar , Rokaya Mahendra , Arayal Sushma , Karmacharya Niraj , Joshi Gangesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

The study aims to assess the awareness among local engineers and design consultants regarding green building concepts in the planning and designing of residential buildings in Kathmandu Valley. It seeks to identify their level of knowledge on green concepts and the challenges they face, particularly in relation to policy and regulatory support. Green building technologies are recognized as effective ways to reduce energy and water usage and are often considered the quickest and most cost-effective methods to achieve these goals. Despite their benefits, the high upfront construction costs of green buildings remain a concern. This study targeted local building permit engineers and nominated design consultants in Kathmandu Valley, utilizing convenient and purposive sampling methods. A total of 84 participants (42 local engineers/architects and 42 design consultants) were included. The reliability of the study was established with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.987, as calculated using SPSS. Findings indicate that local engineers and design consultants have moderate awareness of green concepts, with all 28 basic awareness elements achieving a mean value greater than 2.5. Knowledge regarding the importance of green concepts in residential building design scored the highest with a mean value of 3.69. Awareness was lowest for factors related to government support and incentives, with an average mean score of 2.7. Challenges highlighted include the lack of policy and regulatory documents, with Relative Importance Index (RII) scores of 0.938 for engineers and 0.948 for consultants. The moderate level of awareness and significant challenges related to policy and regulation suggests the need for enhanced informational outreach, technical training, and the development of green building codes and standards. Promoting local, eco-friendly building materials and expertise is also crucial. Addressing these challenges will support the broader adoption of green building practices in residential development.
Dinámica del Mercado y Desempeño en los Sectores del Arroz y el Azúcar
Authors: Moreta Banda Laura Eliana , Morales Carrasco  Lilián Victoria  , Córdova Pacheco  Ana Consuelo
Published: January 2025

La alimentación desempeña un papel vital en la población y se encuentra estrechamente vinculada con la seguridad alimentaria que se logra cuando la población tiene acceso físico, social y económico a los alimentos, por lo tanto, el propósito del estudio es analizar el comportamiento de las industrias alimentarias del CIIU C1061.12 piladoras de arroz y C1071.02 ingenios azucareros, con el empleo del paradigma Estructura-Comportamiento-Resultado (ECR) y su relación con la seguridad alimentaria en Ecuador. La estructura de mercado se determina por el índice de Herfindahl-Hirschman y el comportamiento por los precios de los productos en las ciudades de Quito y Guayaquil. Los resultados se evalúan con el rendimiento sobre la inversión (ROA) y el rendimiento sobre el patrimonio (ROE).. Entre los resultados más importantes se encuentra que el paradigma ECR determina una estructura de mercado concentrada en ambos sectores, pero no existe relación entre la estructura de mercado concentrada y la rentabilidad. Sin embargo, se evidencia que los precios del arroz y el azúcar inciden en la seguridad alimentaria del Ecuador.
Dinámicas de autoconsumo y producción rural de leche y huevos en las provincias de la Sierra ecuatoriana
Authors: Vilaña Chimbo Andrés Vinicio , Morales Carrasco  Lilián Victoria  , Córdova Pacheco  Ana Consuelo
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación examina las tendencias de producción y autoconsumo de leche y huevos en residentes rurales de las provincias de la Sierra ecuatoriana durante el periodo 2013-2022. Con el propósito de evaluar el estado del pilar de Utilización Biológica en la seguridad alimentaria se midieron los alimentos consumidos por la población rural para garantizar un estado nutricional adecuado y promover una vida saludable. La información se obtuvo de las Encuestas de Superficie y Producción Agropecuaria Continúa realizadas anualmente por el INEC, desglosando la información a nivel provincial. El análisis de correlación empleó el coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman para medir la asociación entre variables. Los hallazgos indican una compleja dinámica en la producción y autoconsumo de leche, influenciada por diversos factores externos que inciden en las decisiones de autoconsumo. En cuanto a los huevos, se destaca su significativa contribución a mejorar la seguridad alimentaria de la población rural.
Mercado Internacional de la avena y la quinua: un espacio de Seguridad Alimentaria
Authors: Chicaiza Mangui Oscar Daniel , Morales Carrasco Lilián Victoria , Córdova Pacheco Ana Consuelo
Published: January 2025

El estudio investiga la relación entre la demanda internacional y las exportaciones de quinua y avena de los países andinos para la seguridad alimentaria, utilizando información del portal FAOSTAT de la FAO, enfocándose en los principales importadores. El análisis exploratorio se hizo con Excel y la correlación se estableció usando IBM SPSS Statistics con la prueba Rho de Spearman. Los alimentos son reconocidos globalmente por sus propiedades nutricionales y beneficios para la salud, las preferencias de consumo y la percepción como alimentos andinos también influyen en su demanda, más allá de consideraciones puramente económicas. La apertura del mercado internacional de quinua de los países andinos está concentrada en los Estados Unidos, sin embargo, Bolivia tiene una oportunidad significativa en el mercado francés, por otro lado, en el caso de la avena, los países andinos concentran su mercado internacional en Bolivia, España y Costa Rica, siendo Panamá. el mercado con tendencia a consumo para Colombia. Es así como, los resultados revelan una relación inversa entre el indicador de seguridad alimentaria y la cantidad importada por los principales compradores mundiales de estos productos andinos, observada en tres de los cinco mayores importadores.
Pengaruh Susu PDK terhadap Kenaikan Berat dan Tinggi Badan Anak Stunting dengan Gizi Kurang
Authors: Pratiwi Mutiara Nova
Published: January 2025

Stunting is a child less than 5 years old who has a weight and height less than their age or more than minus 2 standard deviations from the WHO growth and development curve. The problem of stunting has long-term effects related to impaired cognitive function and academic achievement. This long-term effect can cause stunted children to experience motor and cognitive problems, thereby disrupting their physical and neurocognitive capacity. The growth and development of children under 5 years is influenced by macro and micro nutrition. Micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamin A, zinc, vitamin D and Fe are one of the important causes of stunting. These micro and macronutrients can be found in standardized formula milk. The aim of this research is to combine changes in weight and height in stunted children with malnutrition given formula milk for 3 months. This research method is experimental using the paired T test. The result is a P value <0.5, which means that there is a significant effect of giving PDK milk on weight and height gain in children aged 1-5 years with stunting and malnutrition.