bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of Capacity-Building Efforts to Address Environmental Justice Concerns
Authors: Williamson Dana H. Z. , Yu Emma X. , Hunter Candis M. , Kaufman John A. , Komro Kelli , Jelks Na’Taki Osborne , Johnson Dayna A. , Gribble Matthew O. , Kegler Michelle C.
Published: May 2020

Environmental justice (EJ) efforts aimed at capacity building are essential to addressing environmental health disparities; however, limited attention has been given to describing these efforts. This study reports findings from a scoping review of community–academic partnerships and community-led efforts to address environmental inequities related to air, water, and land pollution in the United States. Literature published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1986 through March 2018 were included, and community capacity theory was applied as a framework for understanding the scope of capacity-building and community change strategies to address EJ concerns. Paired teams of independent analysts conducted a search for relevant articles (n = 8452 citations identified), filtered records for content abstraction and possible inclusion (n = 163) and characterized selected studies (n = 58). Most articles implemented activities that were aligned with community capacity dimensions of citizen participation (96.4%, n = 53), community power (78%, n = 45), leadership (78%, n = 45), and networks (81%, n = 47); few articles identified a direct policy change (22%, n = 13), and many articles discussed the policy implications of findings for future work (62%, n = 36). This review synthesizes three decades of efforts to reduce environmental inequities and identifies strategic approaches used for strengthening community capacity.
Research Progress of Coronavirus Based on Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhai Fei , Zhai Yuxuan , Cong Chuang , Song Tingyan , Xiang Rongwu , Feng Tianyi , Liang Zhengxuan , Zeng Ya , Yang Jing , Yang Jie , Liang Jiankun
Published: May 2020

Background: COVID-19 has become one of the most serious global epidemics in the 21st Century. This study aims to explore the distribution of research capabilities of countries, institutions, and researchers, and the hotspots and frontiers of coronavirus research in the past two decades. In it, references for funding support of urgent projects and international cooperation among research institutions are provided. Method: the Web of Science core collection database was used to retrieve the documents related to coronavirus published from 2003 to 2020. Citespace.5.6.R2, VOSviewer1.6.12, and Excel 2016 were used for bibliometric analysis. Results: 11,036 documents were retrieved, of which China and the United States have contributed the most coronavirus studies, Hong Kong University being the top contributor. Regarding journals, the Journal of Virology has contributed the most, while in terms of researchers, Yuen Kwok Yung has made the most contributions. The proportion of documents published by international cooperation has been rising for decades. Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 are under development, and clinical trials of several drugs are ongoing. Conclusions: international cooperation is an important way to accelerate research progress and achieve success. Developing corresponding vaccines and drugs are the current hotspots and research directions.
Risk of Kidney Injury among Construction Workers Exposed to Heat Stress: A Longitudinal Study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Bouwarthan Mohammed , Quinn Margaret M. , Kriebel David , Wegman David H.
Published: May 2020

Saudi Arabia (SA) is one of the hottest countries in the world. This study was conducted to assess the impact of summer heat stress in Southeastern SA on short-term kidney injury (KI) among building construction workers and to identify relevant risk factors. Measurements of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), height, weight, hydration, symptoms, daily work and behavioral factors were collected in June and September of 2016 from a cohort of construction workers (n = 65) in Al-Ahsa Province, SA. KI was defined as ACR ≥ 30 mg/g. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess factors related to cross-summer changes in ACR. A significant increase in ACR occurred among most workers over the study period; incidence of KI was 18%. Risk factors associated with an increased ACR included dehydration, short sleep, and obesity. The findings suggest that exposure to summer heat may lead to the development of KI among construction workers in this region. Adequate hydration and promotion of healthy habits among workers may help reduce the risk of KI. A reduction in work hours may be the most effective intervention because this action can reduce heat exposure and improve sleep quality.
Informetric Analysis of Highly Cited Papers in Environmental Sciences Based on Essential Science Indicators
Authors: Ma Qian , Li Yandan , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2020

Highly cited papers in the Essential Science Indicators database refer to papers with citations in the top 1% of all papers in a research field, and they are considered to be symbols of scientific excellence and top performance of the past ten years. This study provided an informetric analysis of 7791 highly cited papers in the environmental sciences category during 2009–2019. Informetric indicators and visualization tools were applied to evaluate and present the performances of journals, countries/territories, institutions, top cited papers, and research hotspots. The results showed that the cumulative number of publications has increased exponentially, suggesting strong development of the environmental sciences category. There were 211 journals publishing highly cited papers, with Energy & Environmental Science as the leading journal. The USA ranked first with the highest number of publications and occupied the core position in the collaboration network, while Mainland China took the first place in independent research output. Review articles have an obvious advantage in terms of achieving high citations. “Adsorption”, “climate change”, and “heavy metal” were the most frequent keywords, with “microplastic” rising rapidly as a new research frontier in recent years. Five research hotspots were visualized from highly cited papers via cluster analysis.
Industrial Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Status among Residents in an Industrial Area in Central Italy
Authors: Paolocci Giulia , Bauleo Lisa , Folletti Ilenia , Murgia Nicola , Muzi Giacomo , Ancona Carla
Published: May 2020

The area of Civitavecchia (Lazio region, Central Italy) has been a reason of concern in the past because of environmental air contamination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between air pollution from different sources and respiratory symptoms and lung function in the population. A sample of 1177 residents underwent medical examination and lung function tests. Information on individual characteristics, histories of exposure and medical history were collected through a validated questionnaire. Long-term exposure to industrial, harbour, biomass combustion emissions (PM10) and urban traffic (NOx) at residential address was assessed using a Lagrangian dispersion model. The associations between exposure and wheezing and dyspnea were assessed using logistic regression models, while modified Poisson regression models were used to evaluate cough with phlegm. Relationships between exposure and lung function were analysed using linear mixed-effects models and cross-correlation. PM10 emissions from the harbour were associated with lower lung function parameters (FEV1: β = –0.12, 95% CI –0.21 –0.03; p = 0.02; FEV1/FVC: β = –1.67, (–3.10 –0.23); p = 0.02. This association was observed also in healthy subjects, but not in females. We found, even if at low exposure level, an effect of environmental PM10 exposure from harbour on lung function.
Developing Vulnerability Index to Quantify Urban Heat Islands Effects Coupled with Air Pollution: A Case Study of Camden, NJ
Authors: Sabrin Samain , Karimi Maryam , Nazari Rouzbeh
Published: May 2020

Extreme heat events at urban centers in combination with air pollution pose a serious risk to human health. Among these are financially distressed cities and neighborhoods that are facing enormous challenges without the scientific and technical capacity for planning and mitigation. The city of Camden is one of those economically distressed areas with a predominantly minority population, a high unemployment rate, high poverty rates, and poor air quality (PM2.5 and ozone), and it remains vulnerable to heat events. This paper focuses on studying a coupled effect of Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) and Ozone-PM2.5 pollution at the neighborhood-scale in the city of Camden, using fine scale remotely sensed land-surface temperature and air quality data from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modelling System in the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) platform. To assess the impact of urban microclimate on the city of Camden, NJ, residents’ health, we identified several environmental and social parameters as the root causes of vulnerability imposed by extreme-heat and poor air quality. Vulnerability in terms of environment and social wellbeing was spatially quantified as two conceptual vulnerability-index models (i.e., environmental vulnerability index (EVI) and a social vulnerability index (SVI)) using multiple linear regression algorithm. Factors such as remotely sensed earth surface properties, built-environment components, air quality, and socio-economic data were incorporated in a holistic geographic approach to quantify the combined effect. Surface temperature gradient and Proportional Vegetation (Pv) generated from 30 m resolution Landsat 8 were sampled along with other variables in the city of Camden, NJ. Models incorporating Pv suggest better fit than models with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Water fraction (33.5%, 32.4%), percentage imperviousness (32.5%, 32%), Pv (20.5%, 19.6%), and digital elevation model (DEM) (9%, 8%) have the highest contributions in both models. Two output maps identified the vulnerable neighborhoods in the city through comprehensive GIS analysis: Lanning Square, Bergen Square, Central Waterfront, Gateway, Liberty Park, and Parkside. This can provide useful information for planners and health officials in targeting areas for future interventions and mitigations.
Supernumerary B Chromosomes and Plant Genome Changes: A Snapshot of Wild Populations of Aegilops speltoides Tausch (Poaceae, Triticeae)
Authors: Shams Imad , Raskina Olga
Published: May 2020

In various eukaryotes, supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are an optional genomic component that affect their integrity and functioning. In the present study, the impact of Bs on the current changes in the genome of goatgrass, Aegilops speltoides, was addressed. Individual plants from contrasting populations with and without Bs were explored using fluorescence in situ hybridization. In parallel, abundances of the Ty1-copia, Ty3-gypsy, and LINE retrotransposons (TEs), and the species-specific Spelt1 tandem repeat (TR) in vegetative and generative spike tissues were estimated by real-time quantitative PCR. The results revealed: (i) ectopic associations between Bs and the regular A chromosomes, and (ii) cell-specific rearrangements of Bs in both mitosis and microgametogenesis. Further, the copy numbers of TEs and TR varied significantly between (iii) genotypes and (iv) different spike tissues in the same plant(s). Finally, (v) in plants with and without Bs from different populations, genomic abundances and/or copy number dynamics of TEs and TR were similar. These findings indicate that fluctuations in TE and TR copy numbers are associated with DNA damage and repair processes during cell proliferation and differentiation, and ectopic recombination is one of the mechanisms by which Bs play a role in genome changes.
Blockchain for Integrated Nuclear Power Plants Management System
Authors: Chang Choong-koo
Published: May 2020

In nuclear power plants, plant management systems are not only very important for operation and maintenance of the facilities, but also play a very important role in analyzing and reporting the events to the authorities when a failure or accident occurs in the facility. In addition, it is also important to ensure that event records are managed transparently so as not to cause any attempt to cover up events. Therefore, this paper proposes a tamper free plant operation system by applying blockchain technology to the integrated plant management system of Korea hydro and nuclear power (KHNP). As a result, this paper will contribute to improving public acceptance by eliminating distrust in safe operation of nuclear power plants.
Effects of Prey Distribution and Heterospecific Interactions on the Functional Response of Harmonia axyridis and Aphidius gifuensis to Myzus persicae
Authors: Yu Xing-Lin , Tang Rui , Xia Peng-Liang , Wang Bo , Feng Yi , Liu Tong-Xian
Published: May 2020

Natural enemy guilds normally forage for prey that is patchily distributed simultaneously. Previous studies have investigated the influence of conspecific interactions and prey distribution on the functional response of natural enemies. However, little is known about how prey distribution and heterospecific interactions between natural enemies could affect their foraging efficiency. We examined the effects of prey distribution (aggregate and uniform) and heterospecific interactions on the functional response of a predator, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and a parasitoid, Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Type II functional responses were observed in all experiments. Functional response curves of single H. axyridis or A. gifuensis were higher in the aggregate treatment than in the uniform treatment when aphid densities were between 40–180 or 70–170, respectively. When comparing between aggregate and uniform treatments with the heterospecific enemy occurrence, no differences were found in the parasitism efficiency of A. gifuensis, while H. axyridis consumed more aphids in the aggregate treatment than in the uniform treatment when aphid densities were between 50–230. The functional response of individual H. axyridis was not affected by A. gifuensis under two aphid distributions. However, the functional response of a single A. gifuensis and the treatment when A. gifuensis concurrently with H. axyridis overlapped in uniform treatment of above approximately 150 aphids. Our results indicate that the predation rate of H. axyridis was affected by aphid distribution, but was not affected by heterospecific interactions. The parasitism rate of A. gifuensis was affected by aphid distribution, and by heterospecific interactions in both the aggregate and uniform treatments. Thus, to optimize the management efficiency of M. persicae, the combined use of H. axyridis and A. gifuensis should be considered when M. persicae is nearly uniformly distributed under relatively high density.
Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids of Co-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Tunable Magnetic Properties
Authors: Dutz Silvio , Buske Norbert , Landers Joachim , Gräfe Christine , Wende Heiko , Clement Joachim H.
Published: May 2020

Magnetite (Fe3O4) particles with a diameter around 10 nm have a very low coercivity (Hc) and relative remnant magnetization (Mr/Ms), which is unfavorable for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. In contrast, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) particles of the same size have a very high Hc and Mr/Ms, which is magnetically too hard to obtain suitable specific heating power (SHP) in hyperthermia. For the optimization of the magnetic properties, the Fe2+ ions of magnetite were substituted by Co2+ step by step, which results in a Co doped iron oxide inverse spinel with an adjustable Fe2+ substitution degree in the full range of pure iron oxide up to pure cobalt ferrite. The obtained magnetic nanoparticles were characterized regarding their structural and magnetic properties as well as their cell toxicity. The pure iron oxide particles showed an average size of 8 nm, which increased up to 12 nm for the cobalt ferrite. For ferrofluids containing the prepared particles, only a limited dependence of Hc and Mr/Ms on the Co content in the particles was found, which confirms a stable dispersion of the particles within the ferrofluid. For dry particles, a strong correlation between the Co content and the resulting Hc and Mr/Ms was detected. For small substitution degrees, only a slight increase in Hc was found for the increasing Co content, whereas for a substitution of more than 10% of the Fe atoms by Co, a strong linear increase in Hc and Mr/Ms was obtained. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed predominantly Fe3+ in all samples, while also verifying an ordered magnetic structure with a low to moderate surface spin canting. Relative spectral areas of Mössbauer subspectra indicated a mainly random distribution of Co2+ ions rather than the more pronounced octahedral site-preference of bulk CoFe2O4. Cell vitality studies confirmed no increased toxicity of the Co-doped iron oxide nanoparticles compared to the pure iron oxide ones. Magnetic heating performance was confirmed to be a function of coercivity as well. The here presented non-toxic magnetic nanoparticle system enables the tuning of the magnetic properties of the particles without a remarkable change in particles size. The found heating performance is suitable for magnetic hyperthermia application.
Use of Cotton Textiles Coated by Ir(III) Tetrazole Complexes within Ceramic Silica Nanophases for Photo-Induced Self-Marker and Antibacterial Application
Authors: Zanoni Ilaria , Blosi Magda , Fiorini Valentina , Crosera Matteo , Ortelli Simona , Stagni Stefano , Stefan Alessandra , Psilodimitrakopoulos Sotiris , Stratakis Emmanuel , Larese Filon Francesca , Costa Anna Luisa
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed at the production and characterization of coated cotton textiles with luminescent ceramic nanophases doped with cationic Ir(III) tetrazole complexes. We confirmed that SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) do not affect the phosphorescent properties of the complexes that maintain their emission (610 and 490 nm). For the first time we transferred the luminescence feature from nanosol to textile surface, highlighting the advantages of using nanosilica as an encapsulating and stabilizing matrix. The optimized Ir@SiO2 suspensions were homogenously applied onto the cotton surface by dip-pad-dry-cure technique, as proved by the 2p-fluorescence microscope analysis. Once we verified the self-marker properties of the Ir(III) complex, we observed an excellent washing fastness of the coating with a very limited release. SiO2 in the washing water was quantified at maximum around 1.5 wt% and Ir below the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) detection limit of 1 ppm. A Franz cell test was used to evaluate any possible ex-vivo uptake of Ir@SiO2 nanoparticles across human skin tissues, showing that epidermis and dermis stop over 99% of Ir, implying a reduced impact on human health. The light-induced antimicrobial potential of the Ir@SiO2 were assessed toward both Gram(−) and Gram(+) bacteria. The results encouraged further developments of such functional textiles coated by self-markers and antibacterial active nanophases.
Attachment Efficiency of Nanomaterials to Algae as an Important Criterion for Ecotoxicity and Grouping
Authors: Hund-Rinke Kerstin , Sinram Tim , Schlich Karsten , Nickel Carmen , Dickehut Hanna Paula , Schmidt Matthias , Kühnel Dana
Published: May 2020

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) based on CeO2 and TiO2 differ in their effects on the unicellular green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata but these effects do not reflect the physicochemical parameters that characterize such materials in water and other test media. To determine whether interactions with algae can predict the ecotoxicity of ENMs, we studied the attachment of model compounds (three subtypes of CeO2 and five subtypes of TiO2) to algal cells by light microscopy and electron microscopy. We correlated our observations with EC50 values determined in growth inhibition assays carried out according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 201. Light microscopy revealed distinct patterns of ENM attachment to algal cells according to the type of compound, with stronger interactions leading to greater toxicity. This was confirmed by electron microscopy, which allowed the quantitative assessment of particle attachment. Our results indicate that algal extracellular polymeric substances play an important role in the attachment of ENMs, influencing the formation of agglomerates. The attachment parameters in short-term tests predicted the toxicity of CeO2 and TiO2 ENMs and can be considered as a valuable tool for the identification of sets of similar nanoforms as requested by the European Chemicals Agency in the context of grouping and read-across.
Do Low-Openness, Low-Transparency Procedures in Academic Hiring Disadvantage Women?
Authors: Moratti Sofia
Published: May 2020

Research has shown that low openness and low transparency in the process of recruitment of new (associate) professors put women at a systematic disadvantage. Examples include professorships awarded by direct invitation (as opposed to job calls); contexts where nominally open job calls routinely get only one applicant; and procedural rules that allow the filtering out of qualified applicants without sharing the grounds of the decision with the candidates. We investigated one decade (2007–2017) of hiring of new (associate) professors in one Faculty at the largest university in Norway, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (n = 79). The Faculty is a highly gender-equal setting, in that the share of women among associate professors has been >40% for over a decade. We found (1) a high share (about 40%) of women among applicants, maintained among winners; (2) a very sporadic use of direct invitations (two in a decade) and no sign that their use advantages men; (3) no nominally ‘open’ job calls with only one applicant; (4) no disadvantage for women when the pool of applicants is small; (5) no systematic filtering out of women when low-transparency internal formal preselection procedures are used because of organizational contingencies (e.g., a high number of applicants). We found an overall high degree of openness in the selection procedure when compared to other Scandinavian and Western European studies. Contrary to our expectations (based on the relevant literature), we found no link between low openness in the selection process and gender inequality in the outcome. The latter finding must be interpreted in context. We conclude that the overall good gender balance locally is an antidote to the potential biasing effect of low-openness and low-transparency procedures, so long as such procedures are used only exceptionally, and their use is clearly tied with organizational contingencies. At the same time, we found no indication that low-openness and low-transparency procedures systematically advantage women.
Sobrepeso y autocuidado en estudiantes de la carrera enfermería
Authors: Macías Alvia Aida Monserrate , Rincón Ríos Tibisay , Sanipatin Pincay Joel Alejandro , Zambrano Santos Roberth Olmedo
Published: May 2020

Introducción: El sobrepeso es unos de los principales problemas de salud que afecta a más de un tercio de la población mundial y que tiene una íntima relación con el manejo de autocuidado, partiendo de esta realidad la problemática de esta investigación se fundamenta en el estudio del sobrepeso. Objetivo: Determinar el sobrepeso y el nivel de autocuidado en estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Materiales y Métodos: Es una investigación descriptiva, transversal; método hipotético-deductivo, la población de estudio fue de 313 estudiantes, la muestra 187 estudiantes de quinto a octavo semestre de la carrera de enfermería, durante el periodo octubre 2018 - marzo 2019. El instrumento fue el test de autocuidado de Esther Gallego y un instrumento donde se exponen estilos de vida y alimentación diaria. Resultados y Discusión: La mayoría de estudiantes presenta sobrepeso debido a sus hábitos alimenticios, con predominio del género femenino, acompañado de un déficit en el nivel de autocuidado. Conclusión: Predomina un nivel de autocuidado medio, observándose que existe un porcentaje menor de un bajo autocuidado; demostrando que los estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería no son modelos en cuanto a la promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades.
Derechos laborales de las mujeres con una visión de género. Caso enfermería
Authors: Sinche Cecilia
Published: May 2020

Introducción: El acceso de la mujer al trabajo, sigue definido por la división del trabajo en función del género. Es preciso revisar los derechos laborales y sexuales de la mujer trabajadora, caso especial el de la enfermera. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre derechos laborales y sexuales de las mujeres con una visión de género, en particular el de la enfermera. Materiales y Método : Revisión de la literatura virtual, en un metabuscador (google) y bases digitales, Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS) y SciELO, Google Scholar y repositorios institucionales de la Flacso, Universidad Andina; de portales del Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA), la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), del Ministerio de Salud Pública y del Trabajo de Ecuador y otras instituciones de interés en temas laborales y de derechos de los trabajadores, mujeres y género. Resultado y Discusión: Las organizaciones gremiales ante la complejidad del trabajo de enfermería, la exposición a riesgos de toda índole en el lugar de trabajo y la necesidad de hacer valer sus derechos, se han ocupado de expresar en un documento, los derechos laborales de los profesionales para ejercer una práctica segura y guardan relación con los derechos humanos en general. Conclusiones: Las profesionales de enfermería están expuestas al denominado techo de cristal, lo cual se evidencia en la dificultad para acceder a cargos directivos en la gestión de salud. El desarrollar una conciencia colectiva dirigida a superar dificultades en el disfrute de los derechos es un paso importante para una enfermería autónoma.
Greenland, Denmark and the Faeroe Islands, and the national geological survey (GEUS): 1996, a year of transition for publications
Authors: Dawes Peter R.
Published: May 2020

The former Geological Survey of Greenland (Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse: GGU) was to have celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1996. The ministerial reorganisation and the establishment of a Ministry of Environment and Energy led directly to the merger in 1995 of GGU with its much older relative, the Geological Survey of Denmark (Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse: DGU). This larger institution, also with headquarters in Copenhagen, but with roots going back to the last century, had already celebrated its 100th birthday in 1988. DGU, as well as serving the sovereign country Denmark, had also a governmental mandate to serve the third country of the Kingdom of Denmark, the Faeroe Islands. As reported in last year’s Report of Activities, the fusion of these two well-known Danish institutions produced a new national geological survey with a staff of about 360, viz. the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (Ghisler, 1996). The official name of the Survey is Danmarks og Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse; it is known increasingly within the Survey and nationally − and we hope in time internationally − by the everyday nickname GEUS, derived from the Danish name for a geological survey i.e. Geologisk Undersøgelse.
Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic orogenic processes: Danish Lithosphere Centre studies of the Nagssugtoqidian orogen, West Greenland
Authors: Mengel Flemming , Van Gool Jeroen A. M. , And the 1997 field crew Eirik Krogstad
Published: May 2020

The Danish Lithosphere Centre (DLC) was established in 1994 and one of its principal objectives in the first five-year funding cycle is the study of Precambrian orogenic processes. This work initially focused on the thermal and tectonic evolution of the Nagssugtoqidian orogen of West Greenland. During the first two field seasons (1994 and 1995) most efforts were concentrated in the southern and central portions of the orogen. The 1997 field season was the third and final in the project in the Nagssugtoqidian orogen and emphasis was placed on the central and northern parts of the orogen in order to complete the lithostructural study of the inner Nordre Strømfjord area and to investigate the northern margin of the orogen (NNO in Fig. 1). This report is partly a review of selected research results obtained since publication of the last Review of Greenland activities (van Gool et al. 1996), and also partly a summary of field activities in Greenland during the summer of 1997.
Gold mineralisation at Eqi, north-east Disko Bugt, West Greenland
Authors: Stendal Henrik , Knudsen Christian , Marker Mogens , Thomassen Bjørn
Published: May 2020

Gold mineralisation at Eqi, north-east Disko Bugt, West Greenland, is hosted in Archaean (c. 2800 Ma old) supracrustal rocks; the latter are divided by a thrust into a lower volcanic unit and an upper sedimentary and volcaniclastic unit. The lower volcanic unit comprises three parts: a basal pillowed greenstone sequence, an acid volcanic complex, and an upper maﬁc igneous complex. Intensive hydrothermal activity resulted in extensive carbonatisation and sericitisation, which is most intense just above a system of acid feeder dykes within the basal greenstone sequence. Primary enrichment in gold took place during pervasive hydrothermal alteration, and the gold is mainly located in carbonate-altered rocks. Remobilisation of gold occurred during formation of later quartz veins in the altered zone; these quartz veins have gold contents of up to 60 ppm. The geological setting, geochemistry and formation of the gold mineralisation at Eqi is similar to many Archaean gold deposits in the Abitibi belt of Canada.
Introduction
Authors: Hoondert Martin J.M. , Varona Martínez Gema
Published: May 2020

Over the last century, Europe and the world have witnessed two world wars, civil wars, terrorist attacks, and abuse of power both by dictatorial regimes and in various institutional settings, all leading to serious violations of human rights. Today we continue to see the effects of such violations affecting large numbers of people. This special issue of Oñati Socio-Legal Series is about commemorative practices and their role in post-conflict societies regarding processes of social reconstruction and transitional justice. It also considers current alternatives and complementary systems of justice, like restorative justice and transformative justice to face mass-victimisation. Through practices of memorialization victimhood is defined, constructed, acknowledged or neglected. Their materialisation is often a result of negotiated outcomes involving a number of actors, legislation and institutions. By presenting case studies, the authors hope to enhance practices of memorialization and to critically contribute to the transitional or transformative justice agenda.
Bayesian Psychometrics for Diagnostic Assessments: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Thompson W. Jake
Published: May 2020

Diagnostic assessments measure the knowledge, skills, and understandings of students at a smaller and more actionable grain size than traditional scale-score assessments. Results of diagnostic assessments are reported as a mastery profile, indicating which knowledge, skills, and understandings the student has mastered and which ones may need more instruction. These mastery decisions are based on probabilities of mastery derived from diagnostic classification models (DCMs).This report outlines a Bayesian framework for the estimation and evaluation of DCMs. Findings illustrate the utility of the Bayesian framework for estimating and evaluating DCMs in applied settings. Specifically, the findings demonstrate how a variety of DCMs can be defined within the same conceptual framework. Additionally, using this framework, the evaluation of model fit is more straightforward and easier to interpret with intuitive graphics. Throughout, recommendations are made for specific implementation decisions for the estimation process and the assessment of model fit.
Prospects of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Rafay Mubeen
Published: May 2020

Changes in geopolitical and geo-strategic regional and global whirlwinds have forced states to rethink and re-conceptualize their functions and positions. Mutual economic-political and strategic importance propels them to form new alliances and sign new pacts and protocols. New ways of global and inter-regional economic cooperation and exchange in the contemporary world have acquired the centrality at the international relations level. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a joint Sino-Pak initiative, has become the flagship inter-regional connectivity and integration project. The CPEC would connect the regions in order to encourage regional and inter-regional trade and trade cooperation, which would improve the economic activities that would become useful in sealing off the vicious cycle of poverty. Some regional and non-regional states have, however, expressed their reservations about CPEC.
Motivating College Students: Challenges, Consequences, and Remedies
Authors: Zaiter Walid Ali
Published: May 2020

Academic motivation can work both ways. It inspires students as well as instructors at all levels of learning. However, this study gears toward motivation at the college level. When instructors cannot accomplish learning outcomes and observe students dropping the course, come late, miss lectures. and even scheduled tests or exams, these reveal serious problems or challenges. These challenges as well lead to undesired consequences. If this recurs very often, it becomes a phenomenon that needs immediate remedies or solutions. Previous research has focused on many aspects of motivation, theories, definition. Research has reached empirical results that serve all levels of education at elementary, junior, high schools, or colleges. No doubt research in motivation produces answers to questions raised by researches or institutions that look forward to improving the academic environment for students so that students’ goals will achieve the intended outcomes. Therefore, if students’ motivation to learn is enacted, the whole teaching environment will go smoothly. However, when a lack of motivation ends up in failures no matter how teaching methods are easy to apply, the whole academic institution falls apart. Ultimately, students’ main concern becomes focused on getting grades but not on the love of the subject they study. Here motivation plays an important role in the academic life of students when they know why they join college. Unless they have a clear set of goals, and their study does not satisfy their goals, challenges start to appear for instructors teaching them. I keep telling my students, “There is no point in teaching you if you are not willing to learn. Neither can I pour knowledge into your brains.” Speaking of which I remind them of the English proverb: “you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink.” This study provides remedies for students’ lack of motivation at our college. The results of the study were obtained via interviewing students, and observation of their behavior during classes.
Three-Filters-to-Normal: An Accurate and Ultrafast Surface Normal Estimator
Authors: Fan Rui , Wang Hengli , Xue Bohuan , Huang Huaiyang , Wang Yuan , Liu Ming , Pitas Ioannis
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes three-filters-to-normal (3F2N), an accurate and ultrafast surface normal estimator (SNE), which is designed for structured range sensor data, e.g., depth/disparity images. 3F2N SNE computes surface normals by simply performing three filtering operations (two image gradient filters in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and a mean/median filter) on an inverse depth image or a disparity image. Despite the simplicity of 3F2N SNE, no similar method already exists in the literature. To evaluate the performance of our proposed SNE, we created three large-scale synthetic datasets (easy, medium and hard) using 24 3D mesh models, each of which is used to generate 1800--2500 pairs of depth images (resolution: 480X640 pixels) and the corresponding ground-truth surface normal maps from different views. 3F2N SNE demonstrates the state-of-the-art performance, outperforming all other existing geometry-based SNEs, where the average angular errors with respect to the easy, medium and hard datasets are 1.66 degrees, 5.69 degrees and 15.31 degrees, respectively. Furthermore, our C++ and CUDA implementations achieve a processing speed of over 260 Hz and 21 kHz, respectively. Our datasets and source code are publicly available at sites.google.com/view/3f2n.
Fast Recovery Mechanisms in the Data Plane
Authors: Chiesa Marco , Kamisiński Andrzej , Rak Jacek , Rétvári Gábor , Schmid Stefan
Published: May 2020

In order to meet their stringent dependability requirements, most modern communication networks support fast-recovery mechanisms in the data plane. While reactions to failures in the data plane can be significantly faster compared to control plane mechanisms, implementing fast recovery in the data plane is challenging, and has recently received much attention in the literature. This tutorial presents a systematic overview of packet-based fast-recovery mechanisms in the data plane, focusing on concepts but structured around different networking technologies, from traditional link-layer and IP-based mechanisms, over BGP and MPLS to emerging software-defined networks and programmable dataplanes. We examine the evolution of fast-recovery standards and mechanisms over time, and identify and discuss the fundamental principles and algorithms underlying different mechanisms. We then present a taxonomy of the state-of-the-art and compile open research

questions.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN SAINTIFIK MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PJBL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA JURUSAN PGSD UNIPA SURABAYA PADA POKOK BAHASAN HAM
Authors: Atnuri Atnuri , Prastyo Danang
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran Saintifik Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Jurusan PGSD Unipa Surabaya pada pokok bahasan HAM.Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa PGSD Unipa Surabaya. Sedangkan sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2014 yang terdiri dari tiga kelas, yaitu kelas A,B dan C. Validitas yang digunakan adalah validasi isi dan konstruk. Reliabilitas dalam penelitian ini diuji dengan menggunakan teknik KR-20. Analisis data dilakukan dengan bantuan program statistik SPSS versi 17 for windows. Dari analisis data penelitian diperoleh ada perbedaan hasil belajar antara model PBL dengan PjBL, hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil signifikasi sebesar 0.035. Artinya, pada penelitian ini hipotesis diterima dengan asumsi Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh perbedaan hasil belajar mahasiswa Jurusan PGSD Unipa Surabaya dengan menggunakan pembelajaran Saintifik Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada pokok bahasan HAM.

 

Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning (PBL), Project Based Learning (PjBL), Hasil Belajar
PENGGUNAAN REDUPLIKASI DAN KOMPOSISI PADA MAKALAH MAHASISWA MALAYSIA UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA
Authors: Retnosari Ira Eko
Published: May 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penguasaan reduplikasi dan komposisi pada makalah mahasiswa Malaysia UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada artikel ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi. Prosedur pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) pengumpulan makalah, (2) pemfotokopian makalah, (3) pembacaan makalah, (4) penandaan dengan stabilo, (5) pengklasifikasian, dan (6) pengodean. Penganalisisan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Tahap-tahap yang digunakan dalam penganalisisan data adalah (1) pengumpulan data, (2) pengklasifikasian data, dan (3) pengeksplanasian. Data artikel ini ialah kata-kata dalam makalah mahasiswa Malaysia UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya dan sumber data artikel ini adalah makalah mahasiswa Malaysia UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Hasil analisis artikel ini ditemukan (1) reduplikasi penuh, (2) reduplikasi yang berkombinasi dengan proses pembubuhan afiks, dan (3) komposisi.

Kata kunci: reduplikasi, komposisi, makalah mahasiswa Malaysia
NELAYAN, LINGKUNGAN, DAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM (STUDI TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI PESISIR DI KABUPATEN MALANG)
Authors: Akbar Taufik , Huda Miâ€™rojul
Published: May 2020

Perubahan iklim menjadi fenomena yang menjadi perhatian dunia saat ini. Tidak hanya dampak langsung yang dirasakan seperti banjir dan kekeringan, tetapi juga dampak tidak langsung seperti kemiskinan, gagal panen, dan berkurangnya hasil tangkapan laut bagi para nelayan. Nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir menjadi salah satu entitas yang terkena dampak langsung dari perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1. mengkaji kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir di Kabupaten Malang, 2. mengkaji cara nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir bertahan menghadapi perubahan iklim, dan 3. mengkaji program pemerintah yang menjangkau nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menyelidiki, menemukan, menggambarkan serta menjelaskan kondisi sesungguhnya yang terjadi di masyarakat. Temuan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir mempunyai cara yang unik dalam menghadapi kondisi yang ada, terutama mengenai dampak perubahan iklim. Masyarakat dan pemerintah mempunyai kolaborasi yang unik dalam menghadapi berbagai persoalan yang terjadi. Kolaborasi yang dihasilkan ada yang menguntungkan dan ada yang tidak menguntungkan salah satu pihak. pola kemitraan yang tidak seimbang antara masyarakat dengan perhutani dalam hal pengelolaan kawasan pesisir menjadi salah satu contoh kolaborasi yang tidak seimbang.

Kata kunci: Masyarakat Pesisir, Nelayan, Perubahan Iklim, Strategi Bertahan
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT BANTU LATIHAN UNTUK PROSES REHABILITASI BAGI PASIEN PASCA STROKE
Authors: Koesdijati Titiek , Ali M M. Nushron
Published: May 2020

Stroke is a disease that is still considered terrible at this time, the cause is none other than due to lifestyle and unhealthy diet. It is this condition that causes post-stroke patients can not freelyengage, therefore a therapeutic device design is needed so that patients can be cured of paralysisimmediately. The design process using QFD method so that the needs and designs are expected tobe in accordance with the wishes of the patient. Anthropometry is used to determine the size of thepatient's palm. The eco design method is used in the selection of materials to be used to support thecreation of green production. The results of anthropometric data measurement for the 5th percentileare at Ptm = 73.26mm, Dgmak = 20.85mm, Ttm = 16.98, while for the 95th percentile in the Ltm =92.32, Dgmin = 14.09, Lkt = 102.78 and Tgkt = 63.93. Test data reliability shows that theadjustability aspect has the highest value of 0.9156, then ranks both finishing aspects with the valueof 0.867 and the last is the material aspect with the value 0.7562. Based on the overall attributeused as instrumentation, which is a number of 13 attributes. The highest rating is on the easyattribute in the assembly.
PENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TEKNIK STAD SMKN 1 SINGOSARI
Authors: Trijanawaty Ririn , Lasiyono Untung
Published: May 2020

Research on improving entrepreneurship learning achievement through cooperative learning methodof stad technique is done with research population Student of SMK Negeri 1 Singosari, while the sampleof the research is Student of Class XII AB 2 in 2016-2016. In this research, the data were collected intwo stages before the experiment (pre test) and after the experiment (post test). For the respondent stilluse one class that is, the students of class XII AB 2 SMK Negeri 1 Singosari in 2015-2016 with the samebasic competence of preparing business establishment. The result of the research shows that there areincreasing of students 'learning responses and the increase of learners' activity in learning withcontextual approach in the form of group cooperation both in cycle I, II and III. Likewise, learners'responses to learning with a contextual approach also increased both in cycles I, II and III. Alsofollowed with increased learning results consumer protection law. Thus (1) STAD cooperative learningapproach problem posing approach aims to develop students' reasoning and creativity in expressingideas or ideas to integrate the real life of learners. (2) In the first cycle learning is done by conventionallearning method, achievement of student of class XII AB 2 does not have significant difference in resultof pre test and post test. (3) Students' achievement after doing the exercises in the second and thirdcycles using learning approach with problem posing teish shows a significant difference, it is provedand the achievement of pre test result and post test of the participant is known to difference significantly.
ASESMEN SEBAGAI UPAYA TINDAK LANJUT KEGIATAN IDENTIFIKASI TERHADAP ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Dewi Dian Puspa
Published: May 2020

The results of the identification that have been performed on the Children with special needs become the basis for follow-up service delivery. Assessment is a follow-up of identification activities, both of which are a series of inseparable and interrelated processes. Assessment of Children with Special Needs is a systematic or regular and comprehensive process or a whole in exploring further problems to find out what problems, barriers, advantages and individual needs. In the assessment process, an assessment of the three most basic things in Children with Special Needs is the child's deficiency or disability, the surplus or potential of the child and the needs of the child. Assessments are carried out with specific implementation methods and procedures.The results of the identification that have been performed on the Children with special needs become the basis for follow-up service delivery. Assessment is a follow-up of identification activities, both of which are a series of inseparable and interrelated processes. Assessment of Children with Special Needs is a systematic or regular and comprehensive process or a whole in exploring further problems to find out what problems, barriers, advantages and individual needs. In the assessment process, an assessment of the three most basic things in Children with Special Needs is the child's deficiency or disability, the surplus or potential of the child and the needs of the child. Assessments are carried out with specific implementation methods and procedures.
IMPLEMENTASI SANGGUL UKEL TEKUK SEBAGAI SANGGUL JAWA
Authors: Hipij Vony Fatmawati , Sulistyami Sulistyami
Published: May 2020

This research aims to see the results of  ukel tekuk implementation. The design in this study using one shot case study with research subject of university student Adi Buana force of 2017 which amounted to 35 people. The research method used is a performance test to make buck ukel buckling. The conclusions of this study found that bun buckling uk is widely used by royal families, permasuri, princesses, host or caregiver and followed by the surrounding community.  Keywords: ukel tekuk style, one shot case study, performance test.