bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Blumea Species Using RAPD Marker
Authors: Hutke Varsha D.
Published: June 2024

The objective of the present study was to find out the genetic relationship within the species of Blumea of family Asteraceae through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker. Genetic analysis was made by using 10 arbitrary primers which revealed a total 292 polymorphic fragments. The genetic similarity was evaluated on the basis of presence or absence of bands. High degree of polymorphism was observed among the samples, suggesting the degree of genetic variability. Collectively all primers data was used for construction of dendrogram. All primers gave amplification products and had from (OPX-07) – 23 bands to 42 bands (OPB-12) with an average 29.9 bands per primers. Thus, these RAPD markers have the potential for assessment of genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis within the species of Blumea. The results of the current study have been found to be useful for assessing genetic diversity, genetic relationship and phylogenetic analysis.
Method Development and Validation for Fluphenazine in Bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form using High Performance Liquid Chromatography –Ultraviolet Detection
Authors: Kagga Bhavyasri
Published: June 2024

The present work was carried out to develop and validate a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique for the quantification of Fluphenazine HCl injections. The Waters 2965 RPHPLC equipment with PDA detector and autosampler was utilized for both the development and validation of the technique. A Phenomenex column (250 mm x 4. mm, 5 μm) was employed for the detection of Fluphenazine HCl, with a wavelength of 256 nm. The calibration graph exhibited linearity, with a correlation coefficient of 0. 99. The intraday accuracy, expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was determined to be 0. 2 percent. The recovery of Fluphenazine HCl ranged from 99. to 100. percent, with an RSD not exceeding 2 percent. When actual pharmaceutical samples were analyzed using this method, the content of Fluphenazine HCl fell within the permissible limits. Considering its sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and selectivity for the test chemical, this method can be effectively employed for routine quality control testing of Fluphenazine HCl in liquid dosage form. The suggested approach can be employed in quality control laboratories for routine analysis of Fluphenazine HCl in product bulk drugs and in routine application forms of pharmaceutical dose without excipient interference.
Antibiotic resistance of bacterial Isolates from Food and Environment: In vitro and In silico Analysis
Authors: Nandi Suchhanda
Published: June 2024

Manifold types of environmental samples have been known to be contaminated with potential bacterial pathogens stretching the global world with several infections in humans. Among six samples including five environmental samples and one food sample were taken up for in vitro study. Applying the disc diffusion method using 10 antibiotics, the isolated bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics was performed and MAR (multiple antibiotic resistance) index was calculated. All the bacterial isolates were sensitive to AK (amikacin), CIP (ciprofloxacin), VA (vancomycin), TE (tetracycline), MRP (meropenem), and IPM (imipenem), and resistant to AMP (ampicillin). The calculated MAR index of the isolates varied from 0.1 to 0.3, where the value was 0.3 for Bacillus sp, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis. In silico molecular docking was also performed to know the binding affinity of two antibiotics IMP and AK against bacterial target proteins (gyrase B and sortase A), wherein the binding energies ranged from -5.7 to -6.8 kcal/mol. The current findings revealed the emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains in environmental and food samples as well as provided information on bacterial contamination of environmental and food samples. The present study also determined the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the MAR index to know the source environmental quality. Therefore, routine surveillance of environmental and food samples is warranted to monitor antibiotic resistance of the individual bacterial strains associated.
ICT Usage in Learning and Instruction of Teacher Trainees from Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
Authors: Husain Naushad
Published: June 2024

Teacher education plays a pivotal role in any education system and the same role of School Internship and Teaching Practice is for any teacher education programme. It produces the quality teachers for any country. Integration of ICT in teaching learning process is one of the indicators for quality teaching and learning. Now, ICT integration is inevitable. Hence, the researchers intended to explore which type of technology is used by teacher trainees in their academic endeavors. The present study was carried out to explore the uses of ICT integration in learning and instruction of teacher trainees studying in Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) of Bhopal city of Madhya Pradesh (India). The descriptive survey method was adopted to accomplish the objectives of the study. Simple Random sampling technique was employed to select the 239 Teacher Trainees from intact classes of six TEIs of Bhopal. Researchers’ self-constructed questionnaire was administered to the teacher trainees of selected TEIs. The data was analyzed through Frequencies and Percentages. The findings revealed that 72.8% of teacher trainees had used their Computer/ Laptop/Services/ ICT devices/ tools for accomplishing teaching-learning activities at home; 83.7% of them responded that ICT and Internet helped in preparing lesson plans; 90.8% of them reported that ICT and Internet helped in preparing teaching aids for delivering their lesson; 93.7% replied that ICT and Internet has helped them in preparing their assignments; 98.3% of them used social media for their teaching-learning related activities. Only few (i.e. 10%) of them found difficulties in using computer or laptop. Excessive uses of the ICT and internet have created medical, psychological and socio-emotional problems for 72.8%, 73.2% and 74.5% of teacher trainees respectively.
Inducing An Axillary Bud of Dendrobium Red Emperor ‘Prince’ With An Addition of Bap in Vitro
Authors: Septasari Mistri , Mercuriani Ixora Sartika
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the addition of BAP and the position of nodus on the formation of axillary shoots and to know the optimum concentration of BAP for the induction of Dendrobium Red Emperor  'Prince' axial shoots. The research design used is a Complete Factorial Randomized Design consisting of one treatment, namely: concentration of growing regulatory substances (ZPT) BAP (0ppm, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, and 3 pmm), each treatment repeated 5 times. The explant of the nodus were taken from plants produced by previous in vitro culture having 5 nodi. The basic medium used is New Phalaenopsis (NP) + Coconut Water + 1 ppm 2.4-D). The growth of axillary bud growth is measured based on the time of the bud emergence,  growth of crown, and that of  root. Data obtained were then analyzed using ANOVA. If there was a significant difference, the analysis was continued with a test of DMRT with a significant level of 5%. The results showed the addition of concentrations of 1 ppm and 2 ppm BAP influenced  the time of the bud emergence,  growth of crown, and that of  root. The optimum concentration of BAP to induce the orchid axillary shoots is 2 ppm.
Penggunaan pola iringan musik dalam Ibadah Minggu di Gereja Kristen Sumba (GKS), Klasis Waingapu
Authors: Fanggidae Rudi , Saefatu Meyrlin , Taneo Dersy Rejoice , Dewata Maha Dewi Rambu , Uma Aprianus Meta Djangga
Published: June 2024

Dalam Ibadah Minggu, Gereja Kristen Sumba selalu menggunakan pola iringan musik untuk mengiringi nyanyian jemaat. Untuk itu yang menjadi tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) Mengetahui penggunaan pola iringan musik ibadah yang digunakan dalam Ibadah Minggu, (2) Menerapkan dan memodifikasi penggunaan pola iringan musik yang benar dalam  Ibadah Minggu, (3) Menemukan  respons jemaat terhadap penggunaan pola iringan musik dalam Ibadah Minggu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah penggunaan pola iringan musik yang benar perlu untuk diterapkan di dalam ibadah sehingga dapat membantu jemaat untuk mengekspresikan suasana hati atau ekspresi imannya dalam ibadah. Untuk itulah, penggunaan pola iringan yang tepat dalam mengiringi nyanyian dari buku hymnal adalah pola iringan melodis. Hal ini karena pola iringan melodis dapat memengaruhi jiwa manusia karena lebih bersentuhan dengan aspek spiritual manusia. Dengan demikian, ketika ibadah, jiwa manusia makin didekatkan dengan Tuhan melalui nyanyian. Dalam konteks pendidikan, hasil penelitian tersebut  dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang bagaimana musik dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan mental dan spiritual seseorang. Kata kunci: Pola iringan musik, melodis, Ibadah Minggu, nyanyian jemaat, hymne The use of musical accompaniment patterns in Sunday Worship at the Christian Church of Sumba (GKS), Waingapu Classis AbstractIn Sunday Worship, the Christian Church of Sumba always uses music accompaniment patterns to accompany the congregation's singing. Therefore, the research objectives are: (1) To understand the use of worship music accompaniment patterns in Sunday Worship, (2) To apply and modify the correct use of music accompaniment patterns in Sunday Worship, (3) To explore the congregation's response to the use of music accompaniment patterns in Sunday Worship. The research method employed is qualitative research. The findings suggest that the correct use of music accompaniment patterns is essential to be implemented in worship, as it can assist the congregation in expressing their mood or faith expression in worship. Hence, the appropriate use of accompaniment patterns in accompanying hymns from the hymnal book is the melodic accompaniment pattern. This is because melodic accompaniment patterns can affect the human soul as they are more connected with the spiritual aspect of humans. Thus, during worship, the human soul is brought closer to God through singing. In the educational context, these research findings can be used to enhance understanding of how music can influence an individual's mental and spiritual well-being. Keywords: Music accompaniment patterns, melodic, Sunday Worship, congregation singing, hymn
Program belajar bersama maestro dalam pengembangan pendidikan seni di SMA
Authors: Sugiarto Mellany Octa Salsabila , Handayaningrum Warih , Suryandoko Welly
Published: June 2024

Belajar Bersama Maestro (BBM) merupakan wahana belajar di mana peserta didik terlibat dalam proses kreatif yang dilakukan para maestro. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana program Belajar Bersama Maestro menjadi wadah pengembangan seni untuk siswa siswi tingkat SMA. Metode penelitian ini secara deskriptif dengan sumber data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam program Belajar Bersama Maestro pada sanggar Padnecwara pimpinan ibu Retno Maruti terdapat beberapa program untuk mengembangkan potensi pendidikan seni secara non formal pada siswa siswi tingkat SMA yaitu: pelatihan tari Rantaya dan Kumolo Bumi, pelatihan tata rias, pelatihan tata busana, serta pelatihan tata panggung dan artistik. Melalui program-program ini, siswa-siswi dapat mengembangkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan mereka di berbagai bidang seni, serta mengasah kemampuan mereka dalam hal tata rias, tata busana, dan tata panggung. Program Belajar Bersama Maestro ini memberikan kesempatan bagi siswa-siswi untuk belajar dari para ahli di bidang seni dan memperluas wawasan mereka dalam dunia seni secara keseluruhan. Kata kunci: Belajar bersama maestro, program, pendidikan seni, SMA Learning with the Maestro (BBM) program in the development of art education in high schools AbstractLearning with the Maestro (BBM) is a learning platform where students engage in the creative processes conducted by maestros. The aim of this study is to describe how the Learning with the Maestro program serves as a medium for the development of art for high school students. This descriptive study uses data from observations, interviews, and documentation. The results show that within the Learning with the Maestro program at the Padnecwara studio, led by Mrs. Retno Maruti, several programs exist to develop the potential of non-formal art education for high school students. These programs include training in Rantaya and Kumolo Bumi dance, makeup training, costume design training, and stage and artistic training. Through these programs, students can develop their skills and knowledge in various arts fields, as well as hone their abilities in makeup, costume design, and stage management. The Learning with the Maestro program provides students the opportunity to learn from experts in the arts and to broaden their horizons in the art world overall. Keywords: Learning with the Maestro, program, art education, high school
Estetika kesenian musik Gendang Beleq Gending Arje Panji Sukerare
Authors: Wicaksono Bayu Aji , Mariasa I Nengah
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis estetika musik gendang beleq dari masyarakat Sasak, Lombok, Indonesia, dengan fokus pada sajian gending Arje kelompok Panji Sukerare yang disajikan pada pada kanal Youtube Peresean Official. Melalui metode analisis video tersebut dan mensintesiskan berbagai literatur melalui studi pustaka, penelitian ini menyoroti ritme, melodi, harmoni, dan penggunaan alat musik gendang beleq berdasarkan teori dari Djelantik. Estetika musik gendang beleq dipengaruhi oleh budaya dan tradisi masyarakat Sasak yang kaya akan warisan seni dan musik. Ritme kuat, melodi enerjik, dan harmoni khas menciptakan pengalaman musik yang unik dan menggugah perasaan pendengarnya. Penampilan pemain yang mengenakan kostum dengan motif Sasak yang khas serta pelaksanaan acara yang memperhatikan tata letak dan suasana juga merupakan bagian integral dari estetika musik gendang beleq yang disajikan oleh panji sukerare. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa estetika musik gending arje pada gendang beleq panji sukerare melibatkan elemen musikal dan visual yang saling melengkapi, memberikan pengalaman seni yang menyeluruh bagi penonton. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang kekayaan budaya dan nilai-nilai estetika yang terkandung dalam musik tradisional gendang beleq, khususnya dalam konteks gending Arje yang disajikan oleh kelompok Panji Sukerare. Kata Kunci: Estetika, Gending Arje, musik Gendang beleq The aesthetics of the Gendang Beleq music art of Gending Arje Panji Sukerare Abstract This research analyzes the aesthetics of gendang beleq music from the Sasak community in Lombok, Indonesia, with a focus on the performance of Gending Arje by the Panji Sukerare group, presented on the official Peresean Youtube channel. Through the method of video analysis and synthesis of various literature through literature review, this research highlights the rhythm, melody, harmony, and use of gendang beleq musical instruments based on Djelantik’s theory. The aesthetics of Beleq drum music are influenced by the rich cultural heritage and traditions of the Sasak community in the arts and music. Strong rhythms, energetic melodies, and distinctive harmonies create a unique and emotionally evocative musical experience for the listeners. The performers wearing traditional Sasak costumes and the arrangement and atmosphere of the event are also integral parts of the aesthetics of gendang beleq music presented by the Panji Sukerare group. This research shows that the aesthetics of Gending Arje in gendang beleq music by the Panji Sukerare group involve complementary musical and visual elements, providing a comprehensive artistic experience for the audience. The findings of this research provide a deeper understanding of the cultural richness and aesthetic values inherent in traditional gendang beleq music, particularly in the context of the Gending Arje performed by the Panji Sukerare group. Keywords: Aesthetics, Gending Arje, Gendang Beleq music
Makna simbolis komposisi Tari Inla “Bersandar dipelukan bumi pertiwi alami sejahtera selalu”
Authors: Widyanarto Widyanarto , Ariani Amelia
Published: June 2024

International Loving Association (INLA) merupakan sebuah asosiasi cinta kasih alam semesta. Kegiatan INLA dalam bidang pendidikan seni dan budaya salah satunya ialah Tarian. Setiap tarian INLA memiliki ciri visualisasi yang unik dan terdapat makna tersendiri di setiap penyajiannya. Salah satunya adalah tari Bersandar di Pelukan Bumi Pertiwi Alami Sejahtera Selalu yang dibawakan oleh Tim Kolaborasi Sekolah Maitreyawira Batam, sekaligus sebagai obyek penulisan artikel ini. Hasil analisis aspek-aspek koreografi pada tari tersebut, mampu mendeskripsikan makna dan simbol yang ingin dihadirkan koreografer kepada penonton. Metode kualitatif serta pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara wawancara, observasi dan pengamatan dokumentasi serta studi pustaka, melalui pendekatan kajian teks dan konteks serta mencipta lewat tari. Adapun hasil pembahasan antara lain mendeskripsikan penyajian, serta menjabarkan makna simbolik dalam komposisi gerak tari. Melihat secara tekstual dan kreativitas koreografer, mencari dan mengulik koreografi di dalam tarian ini, secara tidak langsung akan menemukan tujuan utama pencipta ingin menyampaikan kepada penonton. Kata kunci: Simbolik, komposisi, Tari INLA, bersandar di pelukan bumi pertiwi alami sejahtera selalu The symbolic meaning of the INLA Dance composition “Bersandar di pelukan bumi pertiwi alami sejahtera selalu” AbstractInternational Loving Association (INLA) is an association of universal love. One of INLA’s activities in the field of arts and culture education is dance. Each INLA dance has unique visual characteristics and each presentation has its own meaning. One of them is the dance Bersandar di Pelukan Bumi Pertiwi Alami Sejahtera Selalu, performed by the Batam Maitreyawira School’s Collaboration Team, as well as the object of writing this article. The results of the analysis of the choreographic aspects of the dance are able to describe the meaning and symbols that the choreographer wants to present to the audience. Qualitative methods and data collection in this study were conducted through interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study, through text and context study approaches and creation through dance. The results of the discussion include describing the presentation, as well as describing the symbolic meaning in the composition of dance movements. By examining the text and the choreographer’s creativity, and exploring the choreography of this dance, the main message intended by the creator for the audience can be indirectly discovered. Keywords: Symbolic, choreography, INLA dance, bersandar di pelukan bumi pertiwi alami sejahtera selalu
Menuju pemahaman komprehensif fenomena selfie: Mengeksplorasi kontradiksinya dalam kerangka aksiologis seni
Authors: Kasiyan Kasiyan
Published: June 2024

Fenomena selfie adalah salah satu bagan dari penyakit kejiwaan, yang bukan hanya berkaitan dengan domain psikologi, melainkan juga terhubung dengan pelbagai disiplin yang kompleks, termasuk juga seni. Dalam perspektif seni, fenomena selfie, menimbulkan kontradiksi yang memunculkan kompleksitas tegangan antara ekspresi dan nilai-nilai, ketika dianalisis dari perspektif aksiologi. Artikel ini menegaskan keprihatinan, betapa keberadaan selfie sering kali mengabaikan aspek etis, yang disebabkan terlalu mengedepankan motif estetis. Pentingnya memperhatikan nilai-nilai etis dalam konstruksi dan reproduksi seni, termasuk selfie, menuntut refleksi tentang tanggung jawab moral dan sosial. Kesadaran akan dampak destrukstifnya terhadap individu dan masyarakat, karenanya perlu mengglorifikasikan pentingnya kesadaran ekspresi seni, termasuk selfie, yang lebih bertanggung jawab. Dengan demikian, artikel ini menegaskan pentingnya nilai-nilai etis dan kreativitas sebagai landasan utama dalam ekspresi dan apresiasi seni, yang semakin terhubung secara digital di era kontemporer ini. Kata kunci: Selfie dan aksiologi seni, nilai-nilai etis dalam seni, tanggung jawab sosial dan moral seni Towards a comprehensive understanding of the selfie phenomenon: Exploring its contradictions within the axiological framework of art AbstractThe selfie phenomenon is a form of mental illness that not only relates to the domain of psychology, but is also connected to various complex disciplines, including art. From an artistic perspective, the selfie phenomenon creates a contradiction that creates a complex tension between expression and values, when analysed from an axiological perspective. This article highlights the concern that selfies often neglect ethical aspects due to the overemphasis on aesthetic motives. The importance of ethical values in the construction and reproduction of art, including selfies, demands reflection on moral and social responsibility. Awareness of its destructive impact on individuals and society, therefore, needs to glamorise the importance of a more responsible consciousness of artistic expression, including selfies. As such, this article emphasises the importance of ethical values and creativity as key cornerstones in the expression and appreciation of art, which is increasingly digitally connected in this contemporary era. Keywords: Selfie and axiology of art, ethical values in art, social and moral responsibility of art
A comprehensive survey on social engineering-based attacks on social networks
Authors:   Department of CS and IT, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Naz Anam , Sarwar Madiha ,   Department of CS and IT, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Kaleem Muhammad ,   Department of CS and IT, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Mushtaq Muhammad Azhar ,   Department of CS and IT, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Rashid Salman ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: June 2024

Threats based on social engineering in social networks are becoming a more common problem. Social engineering is a type of attack that relies on trickery and exploiting human psychology to gain access to confidential information or resources. It involves deceptive techniques like phishing, pretexting, and baiting, tricking individuals into revealing sensitive information or performing specific actions. These tactics can lead to unauthorized access to user accounts, identity theft, or the distribution of harmful content. This study offers a detailed review of threats related to social engineering on social networks. It explores various social engineering attacks, the methods used to execute these threats, and measures that can be adopted to minimize the risk of becoming a victim. The research aimed to develop a new, broad classification of social engineering attacks and strategies for responding to them. It also examines the challenges that social engineering poses to algorithms on social media platforms and highlights the need for more research. The study concludes by pointing out the shortcomings of current approaches and suggesting future research directions, stressing the importance of standardized protective measures and increasing awareness among potential victims. This thorough examination improves our understanding of social engineering attacks and encourages the development of innovative solutions and ethical practices, contributing to a more secure digital environment.
Nursing students' experiences of the clinical learning environment at Hafr Al Batin University: A cross-sectional study
Authors:   Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia, Alharbi Jalal , Alshammari Mukhlid ,   Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2024

The clinical learning environment plays a crucial role in nursing education, significantly affecting student learning. This research aimed to examine the learning experiences of nursing students at the University of Hafr Al Batin, specifically within their clinical learning environments. The study used the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision, and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) scale to assess these experiences in hospital placements. Participants included nursing students in their second year and beyond who had completed at least one clinical placement in hospitals. The research adopted a quantitative approach, utilizing descriptive and inferential statistical methods for data analysis. Results indicated that final-year students were less satisfied with certain aspects, including the physical environment of the ward, supervisory relationships, and the involvement of nurse teachers. In contrast, second and third-year students generally viewed the clinical learning environment more positively. These outcomes are consistent with findings from international studies. The study suggests the importance of enhancing the roles of nurse teachers and supervisors to improve nursing students' learning experiences. Further qualitative research is recommended to gain a deeper understanding of these issues.
Clinical Acceptability of a Quality Improvement Program for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People With Chronic Kidney Disease in Australian General Practice: Qualitative Study
Authors: McBride Caroline , Hunter Barbara , Lumsden Natalie , Somasundaram Kaleswari , McMorrow Rita , Boyle Douglas , Emery Jon , Nelson Craig , Manski-Nankervis Jo-Anne
Published: June 2024

Background

Future Health Today (FHT) is a technology program that integrates with general practice clinical software to provide point of care (PoC) clinical decision support and a quality improvement dashboard. This qualitative study looks at the use of FHT in the context of cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objective

This study aims to explore factors influencing clinical implementation of the FHT module focusing on cardiovascular risk in CKD, from the perspectives of participating general practitioner staff.

Methods

Practices in Victoria were recruited to participate in a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial using FHT, of which 19 practices were randomly assigned to use FHT’s cardiovascular risk in CKD program. A total of 13 semistructured interviews were undertaken with a nominated general practitioner (n=7) or practice nurse (n=6) from 10 participating practices. Interview questions focused on the clinical usefulness of the tool and its place in clinical workflows. Qualitative data were coded by 2 researchers and analyzed using framework analysis and Clinical Performance Feedback Intervention Theory.

Results

All 13 interviewees had used the FHT PoC tool, and feedback was largely positive. Overall, clinicians described engaging with the tool as a “prompt” or “reminder” system. Themes reflected that the tool’s goals and clinical content were aligned with clinician’s existing priorities and knowledge, and the tool’s design facilitated easy integration into existing workflows. The main barrier to implementation identified by 2 clinicians was notification fatigue. A total of 7 interviewees had used the FHT dashboard tool. The main barriers to use were its limited integration into clinical workflows, such that some participants did not know of its existence; clinicians’ competing clinical priorities; and limited time to learn and use the tool.

Conclusions

This study identified many facilitators for the successful use of the FHT PoC program, in the context of cardiovascular risk in CKD, and barriers to the use of the dashboard program. This work will be used to inform the wider implementation of FHT, as well as the development of future modules of FHT for other risk or disease states.
Making Co-Design More Responsible: Case Study on the Development of an AI-Based Decision Support System in Dementia Care
Authors: Lukkien Dirk R M , Ipakchian Askari Sima , Stolwijk Nathalie E , Hofstede Bob M , Nap Henk Herman , Boon Wouter P C , Peine Alexander , Moors Ellen H M , Minkman Mirella M N
Published: June 2024

Background

Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) require an early-stage assessment of potential societal and ethical implications to increase their acceptability, desirability, and sustainability. This paper explores and compares 2 of these assessment approaches: the responsible innovation (RI) framework originating from technology studies and the co-design approach originating from design studies. While the RI framework has been introduced to guide early-stage technology assessment through anticipation, inclusion, reflexivity, and responsiveness, co-design is a commonly accepted approach in the development of technologies to support the care for older adults with frailty. However, there is limited understanding about how co-design contributes to the anticipation of implications.

Objective

This paper empirically explores how the co-design process of an AI-based decision support system (DSS) for dementia caregivers is complemented by explicit anticipation of implications.

Methods

This case study investigated an international collaborative project that focused on the co-design, development, testing, and commercialization of a DSS that is intended to provide actionable information to formal caregivers of people with dementia. In parallel to the co-design process, an RI exploration took place, which involved examining project members’ viewpoints on both positive and negative implications of using the DSS, along with strategies to address these implications. Results from the co-design process and RI exploration were analyzed and compared. In addition, retrospective interviews were held with project members to reflect on the co-design process and RI exploration.

Results

Our results indicate that, when involved in exploring requirements for the DSS, co-design participants naturally raised various implications and conditions for responsible design and deployment: protecting privacy, preventing cognitive overload, providing transparency, empowering caregivers to be in control, safeguarding accuracy, and training users. However, when comparing the co-design results with insights from the RI exploration, we found limitations to the co-design results, for instance, regarding the specification, interrelatedness, and context dependency of implications and strategies to address implications.

Conclusions

This case study shows that a co-design process that focuses on opportunities for innovation rather than balancing attention for both positive and negative implications may result in knowledge gaps related to social and ethical implications and how they can be addressed. In the pursuit of responsible outcomes, co-design facilitators could broaden their scope and reconsider the specific implementation of the process-oriented RI principles of anticipation and inclusion.
Viability of Open Large Language Models for Clinical Documentation in German Health Care: Real-World Model Evaluation Study
Authors: Heilmeyer Felix , Böhringer Daniel , Reinhard Thomas , Arens Sebastian , Lyssenko Lisa , Haverkamp Christian
Published: June 2024

Background

The use of large language models (LLMs) as writing assistance for medical professionals is a promising approach to reduce the time required for documentation, but there may be practical, ethical, and legal challenges in many jurisdictions complicating the use of the most powerful commercial LLM solutions.

Objective

In this study, we assessed the feasibility of using nonproprietary LLMs of the GPT variety as writing assistance for medical professionals in an on-premise setting with restricted compute resources, generating German medical text.

Methods

We trained four 7-billion–parameter models with 3 different architectures for our task and evaluated their performance using a powerful commercial LLM, namely Anthropic’s Claude-v2, as a rater. Based on this, we selected the best-performing model and evaluated its practical usability with 2 independent human raters on real-world data.

Results

In the automated evaluation with Claude-v2, BLOOM-CLP-German, a model trained from scratch on the German text, achieved the best results. In the manual evaluation by human experts, 95 (93.1%) of the 102 reports generated by that model were evaluated as usable as is or with only minor changes by both human raters.

Conclusions

The results show that even with restricted compute resources, it is possible to generate medical texts that are suitable for documentation in routine clinical practice. However, the target language should be considered in the model selection when processing non-English text.
The Use of Marked English Verbs as a Tool of Protest in African Commonwealth Poetry
Authors: Maiwong Eric Dzeayele
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the use of marked English verbs as an aspect of the highly technical manipulation of the English Language by some distinguished African Commonwealth poets, in order to achieve their aims. By using data from African Commonwealth Poetry, selected from the writings of Brutus (1973), Nortje (1973), and Mtshali (1972), and basing the analysis on Markedness theories, Semiotics, and Critical Discourse Analysis in order to buttress its analysis. Among its key findings and contributions, the paper establishes that marked English verbs constitute an efficient tool that enables the three poets in focus to protest against the various injustices of apartheid and that Africanization of the English Language is not the only solution available to African Commonwealth writers, as they grapple with the problem of expressing themselves in a foreign language. Furthermore, the paper has made a pertinent contribution in linguistic studies by proving that the linguistic phenomenon of markedness goes beyond existing linguistic terms like hyponymy and polysemy and can thus not be better expressed by them as some scholars claim. It equally proves that a closer study of African Commonwealth Literature necessitates an analytical study of various parts of speech and not only the bigger units of English. Finally, in the analysis of a data of marked English verbs, it has been discovered that markedness as specification for semantic distinction can lead not only to a suggestion of adjectivals and adverbials, but also to that of figures of speech.
On the Translation of English Musical Songs from the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Authors: Yang Wenjing
Published: June 2024

With the increased frequency intercultural communication, western musicals have been introduced into China and become a popular entertainment of the Chinese people. Some musicals will be dubbed in Chinese version for performance, so that the audience can enjoy the plots and songs more deeply. However, the different historical origins, social customs and religious cultures have formed specific cultural backgrounds, which in turn have formed different ways of thinking, values and pragmatic rules. All these factors have become obstacles in the translation of English musicals. As the main content of musicals songs, librettos have become an important medium for audience to appreciate musicals. Therefore, the translation of songs in musicals becomes the most important part in the study of musicals translation. Based on the Skopos Theory of functional translation, this thesis takes the Chinese version of a series of western musicals produced by SEVENAGES as the object, and analyzes the Chinese translation of these musicals from the rules of Skopos, coherence and fidelity, with the aim to find out the best techniques of translating musical songs, and improve the quality of the translation.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO NAS IES COMUNITÁRIAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Sonza Liana , Poli Odilon Luiz
Published: June 2024

Este artigo analisa como a internacionalização do currículo (IdC) vem sendo desenvolvida nas instituições de ensino superior comunitárias vinculadas à Associação Brasileira das Instituições Comunitárias de Educação Superior (ABRUC). A partir dessa análise, apresenta um conjunto de indicadores para a avaliação do desenvolvimento da IdC nas instituições de ensino superior (IES). Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem mista, delineado na forma de levantamento, realizado junto às IES vinculadas à ABRUC. A coleta de dados foi feita a partir da utilização de dois questionários, com questões abertas e fechadas e entrevistas. Os participantes da pesquisa foram os assessores de relações internacionais, ou cargo equivalente, além de professores envolvidos com IdC nas IES participantes. Os resultados indicam que a IdC exige o engajamento de toda comunidade acadêmica e atividades de formação constantes para docentes e técnicos; planejamento, avaliação e revisão são essenciais ao desenvolvimento da internacionalização do currículo; as tecnologias digitais têm possibilitado a realização de diferentes atividades para internacionalização do currículo; as IES pesquisadas estão distribuídas em 3 grupos, conforme o nível de desenvolvimento da IdC. Concluímos que, por meio de experiências internacionais, presenciais ou virtuais, é possível desenvolver no estudante competências e habilidades para atuar no mundo globalizado e intercultural, formando cidadãos mais sensíveis, flexíveis, abertos para novas experiências e, também, mais preocupados com soluções para problemas globais e melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas. Nessa direção, a IdC apresenta-se como um caminho promissor.
Regulating Cotton Growth via Rhizobium Species
Authors: Sultana Tasleem , Pindi Pavan Kumar
Published: June 2024

Unpredictable precipitation is a common problem for plant growth in India’s Deccan plateau, which is known for its poor soil and frequent droughts. Critical to the regulation of plant diseases and the enhancement of plant growth are root-colonizing rhizobacteria like Rhizobium. Isolating productive Rhizobium species from soil around the Eturnagram region’s cotton rhizosphere was the goal of a study carried out at Palamuru University. Rhizobium variant-5, currently known as Rhizobium sp. PKS [NCBI-OK663003, NCMR-MCC4960], was one of five different strains of Rhizobium isolated using the top layer method. It showed strong support for the growth of six different cotton cultivars. Out of the six cotton varieties tested, the Mahyco cultivar had the lowest proline levels while having higher amounts of IAA, proteins, chlorophyll, and sugars. The effectiveness of Mahyco was confirmed by experimental field testing conducted in four distinct cotton agricultural soils of Mahabubnagar District using Rhizobium sp. PKS [NCBI-OK663003, NCMR-MCC4960]. Deep black soil showed improved phytohormone synthesis and good biochemical alterations, whereas shallow black soil showed that the strains considerably enhanced plant development. Based on these results, the novel Rhizobium sp. PKS could be used as a bioinoculant in cotton fields on the Deccan plateau, which could improve agricultural yields despite the harsh conditions.
Expression of Recombinant OmpA (rOmpA) and In vitro Validation of Antibody Mediated Cross Reactivity among the Enterobacteriaceae Pathogens
Authors: Kolla Harish Babu , Latha S. Sai , Reddy Prakash Narayana , Makam Shivakiran Satyanarayan , Veluvolu Devika
Published: June 2024

Enterobacteriaceae pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Proteus sp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae cause a wide range of gastrointestinal and other mucosal infections. These bacteria acquire antibiotic resistance very quickly and evolve into multi-drug resistant strains thereby making the treatment very difficult. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) in Enterobacteriaceae are potential vaccine candidates owing for their high immunogenicity and amino acid conservation. The OmpA is one such protein which need to be investigated for the development of a potential subunit vaccine against multiple infections casued by the pathogens of Enterobacteriaceae. To investigate this, we expressed and purified the highly conserved OmpA of S. typhimurium and studied the antibody mediated cross reactivity with the other Enterobacteriaceae pathogens. This was validated through dot ELISA performed with the hyperimmune sera raised against rOmpA of S. typhimurium. We further analyzed the sequence of OmpA protein and clearly understood that the B-cell epitopes in the protein are highly conserved are responsible for cross reactivity among the Enterobacteriaceae pathogens. This work led to findings that provide strong evidence for the application of OmpA in broad-spectrum subunit vaccine against enteric infections.
Antibacterial Activity of the Allium sativum Crude Extract against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Indira M. , Bhuvaneshwari G. , Premkumar L. , Neelusree P.
Published: June 2024

Garlic contains various components, such as allicin, ajoenes, and allyl sulfides, which are organosulfur compounds. It exhibits antimicrobial activities in all forms, including garlic powder, garlic extract, and garlic oil. Additionally, it exerts anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antifungal effects. The drastic increase in drug-resistant organisms worldwide, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, has led to treatment failure in various infectious diseases. To overcome this issue, we aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of garlic extract against MRSA and explore its action mechanism against penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in this study. Mueller–Hinton agar was used for the agar well diffusion test. Moreover, bactericidal activity was determined using the Mueller–Hinton agar and spot tests. Molecular docking was performed using AUTODOCK to evaluate the PBP-binding ability of allicin. A wide zone of inhibition was observed for MRSA, and molecular docking revealed a strong interaction between PBP3 of S. aureus and allicin. Overall, our findings revealed the antibacterial activity of garlic extract against MRSA, a prevalent gram-positive coccus causing healthcare-associated infections. In addition to its affordability, the beneficial effects of garlic suggest its therapeutic potential for MRSA treatment in combination with cefoxitin.
Parasporins of Bacillus thuringiensis Strain Exhibit Apoptosis-Mediated Selective Cytotoxicity to MDA-MB-231 Cells through Oxidative Stress
Authors: Aljeldah Mohmmed M. , El-kersh Talat A. , Aboul-Soud Mourad A.M.
Published: June 2024

Historically, the most important source of both antibiotics and anticancer medications has been microorganisms. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most prominent bacterial species used as a therapeutic agent targeting cancerous cells in recent worldwide investigations. This study was designed to isolate, molecularly identify, and discover novel Saudi Arabian Bt strains that selectively exhibit cytotoxic properties against MDA-MB-231, a human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell model. The bacterial strain under investigation was biochemically typed using API 20E and API CH50 and molecularly typed using 16S rDNA sequencing. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting were performed to elucidate the mechanism-of-action (MOA). Molecular typing confirmed the identity of the isolated non-hemolytic strain to be Bt and was named Bt HAU-145. Microscopic examination showed that the strain possessed a parasporal (PS) crystal protein with a spherical morphology. Data of cytotoxicity assay based on MTT revealed that Bt HAU-145 strain exhibited selective and potent cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231, with a 50 percent inhibition (IC50) of 28 µg/ml. FACS analysis revealed that PS proteins induced both late and early apoptosis in a ROS-dependent manner. Immunoblotting assays showed increased expression of caspase-3 in response to PS treatment, paralleled by a reduction in Bcl-2 expression. This is the first study to investigate the MOA of PS proteins from the Saudi Arabian Bt strain, showing an induction of apoptosis through a ROS-dependent mechanism in TNBC cells. It is hoped that PS-based therapeutic strategies will be investigated at the preclinical scale in non-human primates prior to the clinical scale in randomized clinical trials.
Salt Tolerant Microbes (Active Metabolites) Mediated Nanoparticle: Drug Delivery and Future Prospects
Authors: Priya  , Joshi Poonam , Rautela Jaya , Pandey Pallavi , Morris Srishti , Ghildiyal Pallavi
Published: June 2024

Salt Tolerant Microbes are a group of microorganisms that grow, develop, and survive in extremely high salt concentrations. Based on their tolerance level they generally grow up optimally at pH values beyond 9.0, but the growth is inhibited at the pH value that is most closely associated with neutral 6.5. They have minimal dietary needs and a good salt quantity that is high enough to osmotic pressure. They can produce biological metabolites that have certain actions such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer. We discussed in this article various pharmaceutical formulations of salt-tolerant microbes, every formulation shows the specific pharmacological actions like anti-cancer activity, anti-oxidant activity, and anti-microbial activity, and also discusses methods for the biosynthesis of salt-tolerant microbes’ nanoparticles.
Streptococcus mitis and Klebsiella pneumoniae Mixed Infection in Severe Burn Injury Patient
Authors: Levani Yelvi , Wasito Eddy Bagus
Published: June 2024

Burns are a significant problem with high associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Bacteremia is a serious complication that is important in increasing the overall fatality rate in burn injury patients. In this study, we report a case of Streptococcus mitis and Klebsiella pneumoniae mixed infection in severe burns in a 40-year-old female. The patient was transferred from an outside hospital to the emergency unit after burn injuries in a gas explosion accident at home. The patient underwent surgical debridement and antibiotics treatment but died due to sepsis and multiorgan failure. Our case study will help to underscore the important role of Streptococcus mitis and Klebsiella pneumoniae as human opportunistic pathogens in severe burn injury patients.
Nasal Carriage and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus among Breastfeeding Mothers and their Infants
Authors: Syahniar Rike , Anandani Adinta , Subiyatin Aning , Mubarok Hanif Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Most S. aureus infections are multidrug resistant. S. aureus infections often occur with prolonged conditions, causing increased treatment costs and mortality rates. There is a need to understand the antibiotic susceptibility pattern to S. aureus in mothers and infants because the burden of S. aureus infection in infants is high. This study aims to determine the prevalence of nasal carriers of S. aureus in lactating mothers and their infants and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This cross-sectional study involved 59 pairs of breastfeeding mothers and infants aged 0 to 6 months. The research was conducted in the work area of the South Tangerang City Health Office. We take a nasal swab of the mother and the baby. We used Vitek-2 to determine antibiotic resistance against S. aureus. Overall, we found 22/59 (37%) S. aureus in infants’ noses, 18% of whom were MRSA. In mothers, we found 18/59 (30%) S. aureus isolates and 17% were MRSA. The majority of S. aureus isolates from infants were sensitive to cefoxitin (82%), gentamicin (86%), ciprofloxacin (91%), levofloxacin (95%), moxifloxacin (91%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (82%), erythromycin (86%), nitrofurantoin (100%), linezolid (100%) and tetracycline (77%). The majority of S. aureus isolates from mothers are sensitive to cefoxitin (83%), gentamicin (94%), ciprofloxacin (89%), levofloxacin (89%), moxifloxacin (89%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (89%), erythromycin (89%), nitrofurantoin (100%), linezolid (100%) and tetracycline (83%). MRSA monitoring of mothers and babies in the community needs to be done to prevent and control the spread.