bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA TERHADAP KEBIASAAN MEROKOK
Authors: Wardhana Indy Larasati , Susanto Agus Dwi
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Terdapat 35,5% mahasiswa di Indonesia perokok aktif. Mahasiswa harusnya memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang baik. Tingkat pengetahuan merupakan aspek penting yang mampu memengaruhi kebiasaan  merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia (UI) terhadap bahaya rokok dan kebiasaan merokok. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di UI pada bulan Agustus 2018-Desember 2019. Peneliti menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen untuk disebarkan kepada 94 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik pengambilan acak. Uji yang dilakukan untuk menganalisis data adalah uji fisher. Hasil: Terdapat 9,6% mahasiswa UI yang merupakan perokok aktif dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki (88,9%), berasal dari fakultas hukum (44,4%), menggunakan rokok putih (66,7%), usia awal merokok 17 tahun (33,3%), mengonsumsi 5-10 batang rokok sehari (55,5%), hanya menggunakan rokok konvensional (89%), dan derajat adiksi terhadap nikotinnya ringan. Mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan bahaya rokok yang tinggi (69,1%).  Diskusi: Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kebiasaan merokok maupun derajat adiksi nikotin. Pengetahuan yang tinggi tidak membuat mahasiswa berhenti merokok karena perokok cenderung menyepelekan bahaya dari merokok terhadap diri sendiri atau sekitarnya. Derajat adiksi nikotin pada mahasiswa UI cenderung ringan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa alasan mahasiswa UI merokok bukan disebabkan oleh kecanduan.
KETERKAITAN CARA KERJA KONTRASEPSI HORMONAL DENGAN RISIKO TERJADINYA KANKER PAYUDARA
Authors: Els Vanessa
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Breast cancer has attacked 42.1 per 100,000 female residents in Indonesia with an average mortality rate of 17 per 100,000. One of the risk factors is the usage of hormonal contraceptives which is the main contraceptive option used in Indonesia. There are a number of differences regarding the risk factors for the use of hormonal contraceptives against breast cancer, so this review was created to examine the relationship between how hormonal contraception works and its risk for breast cancer.

Discussion: Breast cancer is a deadly disease common in women, both in developing and developed countries. One of the risk factors considered is the usage of hormonal contraceptives. Most contraceptives consist of estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen and progesterone are important hormones for the development of female reproductive organs and the physiological function of the body including breast. Most studies show an increased risk of breast cancer and some show no association so this issue still causes controversy. The link between hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer should be studied in more detail taking into account other risk factors, breast cancer pathophysiology, and the length of time they are studied.

Conclusion: Estrogen and progesterone found in hormonal contraceptives have several important functions for the body, one of which is the development of physiological functions of several organs in the body including breast. On the other hand, low doses of hormonal contraceptives have minimal effects on breast cancer and there are still many risk factors other than hormonal contraceptives that should be studied.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asap Cair Bambu Tabah (Gigantochloa nigrociliata Buse-Kurz) Dan Suhu Pemasakan Terhadap Karakteristik Se’i Tuna
Authors: Meranggi Pande Putu Raditya Premananda , Kencana Pande Ketut Diah , Wirawan I Putu Surya
Published: April 2022

Abstrak

Ikan Tuna merupakan makanan yang disukai masyarakat karena kaya akan nutrisi sehingga membutuhkan perlakuan berkelanjutan guna menjaga ketahanan mutu yang lebih baik. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan guna menjaga ketahanan mutu yang lebih baik adalah dengan menggunakan metode asap cair. Penggunaan asap cair memiliki banyak keuntungan diantaranya mudah diaplikasikan, dapat memberikan karakteristik khas pada produk berupa kenampakan, aroma, tekstur, rasa yang lebih menarik, dan tidak mencemari lingkungan.Asap cair yang digunakan adalah asap cair bamboo tabah (Gigantochloa nigrociliata Buse-Kurz). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi asap cair bambu tabah dan suhu pemasakan terhadap karakteristik Se’i Tuna. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi asap cair, terdiri dari 2%, 4%, dan 6% dan faktor kedua adalah suhu pemasakan, terdiri dari 80oC, 90oC, dan 100oC. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik adalah pada konsentrasi asap cair 6% dan suhu pemasakan 100oC, dengan pemanasan selama 4 jam menghasilkan nilai kadar air 50,46%; kadar protein 17%; pH 5,53; kadar abu 2,81%; uji sensori kenampakan 8,07; aroma 8,73; rasa 8,73; dan tekstur 8,60.

Abstract

Tuna fish is a food that people like because it has rich nutrients so it requires continuous treatment to maintain a better quality. To maintain a better quality of tuna fish is using the liquid smoke method. The application of liquid smoke has many advantages among other methods because its easy application, giving the product distinctive characteristics in the form of a more attractive appearance, aroma, texture, taste, and does not pollute the environment. The liquid smoke was used from tabah bamboo (Gigantochloa nigrociliata Buse-Kurz). This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of liquid bamboo smoke and cooking temperature on the characteristics of Se'i Tuna. The method used was a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor is the concentration of liquid smoke (consisting of 2%, 4%, and 6%) and the second factor was the cooking temperature (consisting of 80oC, 90oC, and 100oC). The best treatment combination was at a concentration of 6% liquid smoke and a cooking temperature of 100oC by heating for 4 hours, the water content was 50.46%, protein content 17%, pH 5.53, ash content 2.81%, appearance sensory test 8,07, flavor 8,73, taste 8,73, and texture 8,60.
Hubungan antara Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) dengan Keluhan Petani akibat Pestisida (Studi Kasus di Subak Sri Gumana,Desa Rejasa,Kabupaten Tabanan)
Authors: Suwimantara I Made Galih , Sucipta I Nyoman , Tika I Wayan
Published: April 2022

Abstrak

Penggunaan pestisida tidak sesuai aturan dapat mengakibatkan dampak negatif baik bagi lingkungan maupun kesehatan manusia. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui terdapat atau tidaknya hubungan antara penggunaan APD dengan keluhan petani akibat pestisida di Subak Sri Gumana, Desa Rejasa, Kabupaten Tabanan. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan 30 orang (16%) dari jumlah total yaitu 189 orang petani Subak Sri Gumana. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner skala likert yang didalamnya memberi pilihan jawaban kepada responden. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat melalui uji chi-square diketahui nilai p-value yaitu 0.002 (p <0.05), sehingga dikatakan terdapat hubungan antara penggunaan APD dengan keluhan petani akibat pestisida di Subak Sri Gumana, Desa Rejasa, Kabupaten Tabanan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara penggunaan APD dengan keluhan petani akibat pestisida di Subak Sri Gumana, Desa Rejasa, Kabupaten Tabanan. Keluhan yang muncul disebabkan karena dalam pemakaian pestisida, perhatian petani yang masih kurang dalam penggunaan APD dan cenderung mengabaikan dampak negatif dari pestisida.

Abstract

The usage of pesticides that do not by following the rules can give a negative impact on human health and the environment. This study aims to determine a relationship between usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with farmer complaints due to pesticides in Subak Sri Gumana, Rejasa Village, Tabanan Regency. This study used samples amount 30 people (16%) from 189 farmers in Subak Sri Gumana. The instrument used the questionnaire Likert scale which provides choices for respondents to answer. Based on the result of chi-square test, the p-value is 0.002 (p <0.05), so there was a relationship between usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with farmer complaints due to pesticides in Subak Sri Gumana, Rejasa Village, Tabanan Regency. The conclusion is found a relationship between the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) with farmers complaints due to pesticides in Subak Sri Gumana, Rejasa Village, Tabanan Regency. These complaints arise because farmers haven’t used Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and ignore the dangers of using pesticides.
Gambaran self-disclosure pada perempuan pengguna aplikasi online dating Tinder di tengah pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Salsabila Firnandha , Widiasavitri Putu Nugrahaeni
Published: April 2022

Technological developments have made it possible for women to find mates online. One application that makes it possible to find matches online is Tinder. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in Tinder users and increased conversation duration. This increase was motivated by the boredom that was felt during the implementation of the PSBB. Proper self-disclosure is necessary so that communication runs smoothly and builds good relationships. This study aims to get an overview of self-disclosure among women users of online dating application Tinder during the COVID-19 pandemic by using a qualitative research method with a case study approach. In this study, respondents were five women who were active users of the Tinder online dating application during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection using interviews. The results showed that self-disclosure in women could be seen through several things: the limitations of communicating, the factors that influence the swiping process, and the Tinder bio's information.
Peran Dukungan Sosial terhadap Work-Family Conflict dan Employment-related Guilt Ibu Bekerja di Indonesia
Authors: Dayatri Nyimas Fathia , Mustika Martina Dwi
Published: April 2022

Previous studies have highlighted the importance of cultural sensitivity when investigating the work–family interface. Characteristics of each culture may impact differently on how individuals view work and family roles. This study aims to investigate whether social supports, such as spousal support, supervisory support, and domestic support, predict work–family conflict and employment-related guilt among Indonesian working married women. The study surveyed 442 women who were 23–48 years of age, employed in both the public and private sectors in Indonesia, and had at least one child at home. Path analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The study found that instrumental spousal support and supervisory support are significant predictors of both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict. Emotional spousal support predicts family-to-work conflict but not work-to-family conflict. However, the results suggest that spousal support, supervisory support, and work-to-family conflict did not predict employment-related guilt. Domestic support also did not predict work–family conflict and employment-related guilt. The findings emphasize the importance of certain social support for employed mothers, particularly in a collectivist society like Indonesia. Organizations could provide employee assistance programs that offer counseling services to employees who have family-related problems. Training for managers and supervisors would be another approach to increasing awareness of the importance of supervisory support. Other implications of the findings and recommendations for professionals are discussed.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Tradisi Memasukkan Kaki Ke Pawon dalam “Tilik Bayi”
Authors: Prihantari Leliana , Sabardila Atiqa
Published: April 2022

Desa Gentan banaran memiliki beragam tradisi, salah satunya tradisi memasukkan kaki ke pawon dalam  “tilik bayi”. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk 1) mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan tradisi memasukkan kaki ke pawon dalam “tilik bayi” di desa Gentanbanaran, 2) untuk mengetahui pula persepsi tokoh masyarakat terhadap tradisi “tilik bayi” di desa Gentanbanaran. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif,dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, dokumentasi, dan historis dalam pengumpulan data. Sumber data pada penlitian ini masyarakat desa Gentanbanaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat desa Gentanbanaran masih melakukan tradisi ini.  Selain itu terjadi adanya persepsi yang berbeda-beda antar masyarakat satu dengan yang jelas sekali terlihat yaitu jenjang pendidikan yang berbeda mempengaruhi perbedaan persepsi pada masyarakat. Beberapa tokoh agama masyarakat tidak membenarkan tradisi ini tetapi ada yang tetap memperbolehkan tradisi ini tetap diikuti walaupun didalam agama islam tidak ada tuntunannya dengan alasan menghargai masyarakat sekitar, adapula masyarakat modern yang enggan melakukan tradisi ini lagi dan memilih mencuci tangan seblum “tilik bayi”. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian masyarakat diharapkan tetap melestarikan dan menghargai  tradisi yang ada di Indonesia agar setiap daerah tetap mempunyai identitas sendiri.
Makna Kebijakan Raja dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Multikuturalisme Mencegah Konflik Menuju Harmoni di Juuk Manis Karangasem
Authors: Mahyuni Ida Ayu Putu , Inten Asmariati Anak Agung
Published: April 2022

Pendekatan multikulturalisme dalam penelitian tentang kebijakan raja mewujudkan relasi dan partisipasi dalam masyarakat dengan keberagaman budaya, entis maupun agama di Kelurahan Karangasem khususnya di lingkungan kampung Islam di Juuk Manis bertujuan mencegah konflik menuju harmoni. Terbentuknya multikulturalisme di Juuk Manis tidak dapat dilepaskan dari peranan Raja Karangasem dengan pola kepemimpinannya yang berasaskan filosofi ajaran agama Hindu, seperti yang tertuang dalam ajaran Asta Brata. Pola kepemimpinan Raja yang bijaksana itu telah berhasil membangun sikap-sikap toleransi yang besar, integritas, saling menghargai, dan sebagainya antar umat yang berbeda budaya, etnis, dan berbeda agama. Hasil pengamatan dari sumber pustaka maupun hasil penelitian lapangan menunjukkan bahwa multikulturalisme yang sudah dibangun dan dikembangkan sejak dulu hingga sekarang tetap dibangun dan dikembangkan sesuai dengan perkembangan dan kepentingan jaman masyarakat yang semakin beragam. Dari latar belakang tersebut muncul dua permasalahan pokok yang perlu mendapat jawaban, yakni: 1. Apa penyebab terbentuknya Kampung Islam di Karangasem khusunya di Juuk Manis? 2. Apa makna kebijakan Raja Karangasem berdasarkan pendekatan multikulturalisme perspektif dewasa ini? Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif, peneliti adalah pengumpul data utama dalam penelitian, dibantu orang lain. Data yang sudah dikumpulkan dan diseleksi kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif berupa kata-kata, keterangan, gambar atau foto dari pada angka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah mulai dari tahap heuristik, seleksi sumber data, interpretasi dan penulisan hasil penelitian.Teori yang sesuai digunakan adalah teori fungsinalme struktural dan teori hegemoni
СДВИГ ПРАВОВОЙ ПАРАДИГМЫ В ЭПОХУ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Кравченко Артур Георгиевич
Published: April 2022

Автор статьи подвергает осмыслению тенденции эволюции правовой парадигмы под воздействием каскада технократических инноваций и соответствующих изменений матрицы общественных отношений, осуществляет анализ концептуальных изменений в юридической науке и перспектив развития права в условиях становления цифровой экономики и высоких технологий. Автор акцентирует внимание читателей на противоречиях, возникающих между изменяющейся структурой общественных отношений и консервативностью правовой парадигмы ключевых отраслей права. При этом отмечает, что критическое восприятие юридическим сообществом правовых инноваций не только выступает фактором сдерживания парадигмального сдвига в юридической науке, но и способствует сокращению законодательных ошибок в правовом регулировании. Ключевые слова: правовая парадигма, общественные отношения, высокие технологии, информационное общество, цифровая экономика, принципы права, интернет вещей, Big Data, правовая политика.
Disclosure of risk information in corporate reporting and its integration into the investment decision-making process
Authors: ZENKINA Irina V.
Published: April 2022

Subject. This article explores the trends in disclosure in public reporting and integration into the process of substantiating investment decisions of information about the risks of organizations' activities, their impact on sustainable development at the global and corporate levels. Objectives. The article aims to study risk as an accounting category and object of corporate reporting in the context of improving the accounting financial and non-financial reporting of organizations and determine the impact of systemic integration of risks, including the environmental, social and governance ones, in the process of making investment decisions on interaction with investors and sustainable development of companies. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, detailing and generalization, comparison, abstraction, analogy, and systems, strategic, and risk-oriented approaches. Results. The article clarifies the definition of risk and proposes a classification of risks of the organization's activities, taking into account the provisions of the concept of six types of capital and the concept of sustainable development. It provides suggestions for disclosure in an integrated risk report. Based on empirical research, the article defines the recommended limits of disclosure of information on risks by organizations in the framework of ensuring transparency of reporting. It analyzes the factors that encourage economic actors to disclose sustainability risks in corporate reporting and the role of ESG risk information for investors. Conclusions. The integration of ESG risks into the process of generating investment decisions has a positive effect on their quality and contributes to the achievement of the corporation's strategic goals.
Departmental control of financial and economic activities: Analysis of the state and development prospects
Authors: GOLOVIN Sergei V.
Published: April 2022

Subject. This article examines the activities of executive authorities in the implementation of the functions of managing institutions of the public sector of the economy, including their current assessment and determination of development prospects.
Objectives. The article aims to identify trends in the development of departmental control of financial and economic activities carried out by executive authorities in relation to subordinate State (municipal) institutions on the basis of the results of an analysis of its state.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization.
Results. The article describes the main characteristics of the current system of departmental control of financial and economic activities. Based on the analysis of the given statistical and analytical data, the article proposes promising directions for the development and implementation of departmental control of financial and economic activities.
Desain Balanced Scorecard Untuk Mencapai Target Strategis PDAM Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Rasida Clara , Putra Hendrawan Santosa , Wardhaningrum Oktaviani Ari
Published: April 2022

Abstract

A company needs to measure its financial and non-financial aspects to prove its proper performance. Balanced Scorecard is one of the tools to measure performance both in financial and non-financial. This study aims to implement Balanced Scorecard design that is in line with the vision and strategy of PDAM Hulu Sungai Utara to achieve the desired performance targets. This is descriptive qualitative research. The data collection methods used were interview, documentation, and observation methods. The type of data used is both primary data in the form of interviews, and secondary data in the form of financial reports and other data attachments. The data analysis method in this study begins by presenting an overview of the next PDAM HSU, classifying the strategic plans that are applied, explaining the causal relationship between strategic plans, determining indicators and targets in each perspective, and describing the Balanced Scorecard design. The results of this study are the measurements in accordance with strategic objectives in each perspective according to the Balanced Scorecard concept. It is expected to make PDAM HSU easier for achieving its strategic goals.

 

 

Abstrak

 

Sebuah perusahaan perlu mengukur aspek keuangan dan non-keuangan untuk membuktikan kinerja yang tepat. Balanced Scorecard merupakan salah satu alat untuk mengukur kinerja baik secara finansial maupun non finansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan desain Balanced Scorecard yang sejalan dengan visi dan strategi PDAM Hulu Sungai Utara untuk mencapai target kinerja yang diinginkan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah baik data primer berupa wawancara, maupun data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan lampiran data lainnya. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini dimulai dengan menyajikan gambaran HSU PDAM, mengklasifikasikan rencana strategis yang diterapkan, menjelaskan hubungan sebab akibat antara rencana strategis, menentukan indikator dan target di setiap perspektif, dan menggambarkan desain Balanced Scorecard. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengukuran yang sesuai dengan tujuan strategis pada masing-masing perspektif menurut konsep Balanced Scorecard. Melalui hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan PDAM HSU dapat lebih mudah mencapai sasaran strategisnya
Peran Adopsi Teknologi Informasi dan Inovasi Produk Dalam Memperkuat Keunggulan Bersaing Pada UMKM di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Saat Pandemi
Authors: Hidayat Danny
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) requires companies and MSMEs to increase their competitiveness, even during the COVID-19 pandemic, apart from adopting information technology, MSMEs also need to innovate products. Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) or often known as Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the national economy have an important and strategic role. The rise of Covid-19 has had a huge impact on MSMEs, starting from controlling the curfew by the security forces which resulted in a decrease in sales to the bankruptcy of MSME actors. The urgency of increasing the competitiveness of MSME actors is the background for researchers to raise this title where this competitive advantage can be increased by adopting information technology and innovating products on these MSMEs. This study uses a quantitative research design with the research sample being MSME actors in West Sumatra and in this study the data analysis method uses Smart PLS 3.2.8 software. The results show that the adoption of information technology and product innovation has a positive and significant impact on competitive advantage.

Keywords: Competitive Advantage, Information Technology Adoption, Product Innovation

 

Abstrak

Revolusi Industri 4.0 (IR4.0) mengharuskan perusahaan dan UMKM untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya, bahkan pada masa pandemi covid-19 selain mengadopsi teknologi informasi, UMKM juga perlu untuk melakukan inovasi produk. Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) atau sering dikenal dengan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) dalam perekonomian nasional memiliki peran yang penting dan strategis. Maraknya Covid-19 sangat berdampak pada UMKM, mulai dari pentertiban jam malam oleh pihak keamanan yang mengakibatkan penurunan penjualan hingga kebangkrutan pelaku UMKM. Urgensinya peningkatan daya saing pelaku UMKM menjadi latar belakang peneliti mengangkat judul ini dimana keunggulan bersaing tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan mengadopsi teknologi informasi dan melakukan inovasi pada produk pada UMKM tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel penelitian adalah pelaku UMKM yang ada di Sumatera Barat dan dalam penelitian ini metode analisis data mengunakan software Smart PLS 3.2.8. Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan bahwa adopsi teknologi informasi dan inovasi produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keunggulan bersaing.
Methodology of substantiating frequency for routine and preventative maintenance of facilities’ fire protection systems according to the results of their parametric control
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, PITSYK V.V. , ROSSINSKAYA K.G. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, ICHMELYAN A.B. ,   State Fire Supervision  of EMERCOM of the Republic of Abkhazia
Published: April 2022

Purpose. The article provides solution to an important, but not yet completely studied problem of forecasting frequency for routine and preventative maintenance of facilities’ fire protection systems according to the results of their parametric control. Excessively frequent and prolonged implementation of preventive measures for such systems requires making them inoperative for the duration of the inspection, which increases risks of fire occurrence and spread at protected facilities. Therefore, in the course of fire supervision it is important to identify inconsistency in preventive measures timing in fire protection systems with their current and predicted condition. The obtained solution to the problem is the basis for the proposed methodology, which can be used as a practical tool for making up and revising calendar plans for routine and preventative maintenance of fire protection systems. Methods. The research methods are based on the queuing theory and its application to the problems of researching reliability for managing the processes of facilities fire protection. To obtain analytical dependences of facilities inspection terms by fire supervision services on the technical condition of their fire protection systems, multivariate statistical analysis methods and assessment of block regression models with matrix coefficients were used. Findings. Analytical dependences on time of condition probability of fire protection systems for a various number of influencing parameters are obtained. Using dependencies, preventative maintenance time for supporting safe systems functioning with specified probability is calculated. To overcome computational difficulties in local prediction of fire protection systems condition, the proposed block representation of operator equations Y (p) = A (p) X (p) – images of Erlang differential equations by a three-component model – is used. Research application field. The obtained solution to the problem is the basis of the proposed methodology, which can be used as a practical tool for making up and revising calendar plans for maintaining fire protection systems. Conclusions. The solution to the current problem of substantiating plans for maintaining fire protection systems is given. The proposed solution is illustrated with specific examples, graphs and tables. Using the obtained solution the methodology that can be used as a practical tool for making up and revising calendar plans for maintaining fire protection systems has been developed.
Horizontal wave-reflecting visor for lowering the height of the protective wall of “glass-in-glass” tank type
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, BUI Q.T. , VOROBYOV V.V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, SHVYRKOV S.A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: April 2022

Purpose. The article states the possibility of lowering the protective wall of the “glass-in-glass” tank type thanks to fitting out a horizontal wave-reflecting visor facing the main tank wall. The empirical formula obtained on the basis of the processed experimental data for determining the optimal height of the protective wall depending on the geometrical dimensions of the main tank, interwall distance and length of the wavereflecting visor departure is presented. ABSTRACT Methods. In the process of the research work methods of similarity theory and hydraulic laboratory modeling, physical experiment, observation, comparison, finding empirical dependence based on mathematical processing of experimental data, description and generalization have been used. Findings. It has been found that fitting out a horizontal wave-reflecting visor on the protective wall of a “glass-in-glass” tank type is an effective method aimed at lowering the protective wall height to or below the maximum level of combustible liquid in the main tank. The empirical dependence has been obtained for finding the optimal ratio between the wavelength of the wavereflecting visor and the interwall distance for main tanks with the nominal volume from 700 to 30 000 m3. Research application field. The proposed method of lowering the height of the protective wall and empirical dependence can serve as a background for developing the relevant conditions of the regulatory document on ensuring fire safety of “glass-inglass” tanks type, and it can also be used by engineering companies to find optimal solutions for designing and locating the considered types of tanks. Conclusions. The proposed design solution will allow designing and operating “glass-in-glass” tanks type, providing the standard level of fire safety under observance of compliance with the requirements for stability of protective wall and wavereflecting visor to the hydrodynamic effect of liquid flow and dynamic impact of collapsing structures of the main tank in case of on accident. As an upcoming trend of the research, the fitting of the wave-reflecting visor of an inclined shape on the protective wall in relation to the wall of the main tank can be considered.
Conceptual issues for managing external water supply sources structure and fire extinguishing equipment in settlements
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, SEDNEV V.A. , LOPUKHOVA N.V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Large-scale wildfires and mass fires in settlements result in people loss, damage the environment and country's economy. In this regard, the authors raise the issue of improving organization of extinguishing such emergencies in settlements, as well as the need to develop a scientific-methodological approach to managing the structure of external fire water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment in settlements. This will allow evaluating and justifying means and forces to ensure protection and safety of settlements as well as readiness of local authorities for a fire hazard period and protection of rural settlements from fire exposure; reducing response time to fires; preventing or reducing population loss. Methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, which were based on the concepts of systems theory, mathematical statistics apparatus, algorithms theory, sets theory and reliability theory, theory of information and mathematical logic, the main methods of justifying and evaluating the effectiveness of water supply systems elements in settlements. Findings. An algorithm for controlling the structure of external water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment for settlements in case of large-scale or mass fires has been developed. Research application field. The obtained results are recommended for use in developing summary plan for extinguishing forest fires in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation; passport of a settlement subjected to forest fires hazard; activities plan for preventing and eliminating natural and man-made emergencies in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. The developed scientific and methodological approach to managing the structure of external water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment in settlements in case of large-scale or mass fires is the theoretical basis for decision support to be used by fire and rescue units in protecting settlements from the impact of large-scale or mass fires.
Oxidative stress and gene expression of antioxidants enzymes in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension following the administration of antiretroviral medications in rats
Authors: Adeoti Adekunle Olatayo , Nadar Anand , Channa Mahendra Lala
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe life-threatening pulmonary vasculopathy. This study investigated the effects of zidovudine (AZT) and/or ritonavir (RTV) in the oxidative process of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH in rats.

Materials and Methods:

Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were randomized into five different groups (n = 8 per group). A single dose intraperitoneal injection of MCT (60 mg/kg) was administered to all the rats in four of the groups. Daily oral administration of the antiretroviral (ARV) medications – (1) AZT-only (100 mg/kg); (2) RTV only (30 mg/kg); (3) AZT+ RTV (100+30 mg/kg); and (4) the untreated group had equivalent volume of saline for 28 days, respectively, while the (5) control group had neither MCT nor ARV. Gene expression using RT-PCR for the antioxidants and laboratory assay for lipid peroxidation was analyzed.

Results:

A significantly higher mRNA gene expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the treated rats was observed compared to the untreated. There was an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the heart tissues of untreated rats (37.01 ± 1.16 nmol/g, P < 0.0001) compared to the control group (3.46 ± 0.97 nmol/g) with an associated reduction in MDA by the ARVs. Furthermore, an increase in the total antioxidant capacity in AZT (0.85 ± 0.02 nmol/g, P < 0.0001), RTV (0.63 ± 0.03 nmol/g, P < 0.0001), and combination of AZT/RTV (0.77 ± 0.06 nmol/g, P < 0.0001) compared to untreated (0.28 ± 0.03) rats.

Conclusion:

AZT and RTV ameliorate PH in experimental rats. This study demonstrated that MCT-induced PH generates ROS in rats and the protective role of ARV drugs in the treatment of PH.
Interaction between domestic investment foreign direct investment and economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: AMADE Muhammed Akpai , MOHAMMED Isyaku , IBISANMI Eniola Victoria , OWOLABI Ayobami Temitope , JOSHUA Udi
Published: April 2022

The most inclusive definitions of economic growth always include the best utilisation of native resources in addition to increasing GDP and integration into the global market. As a result, the impact of domestic investment in an economy is one of the most examined subjects in capital movement and economic development. Flowing this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of domestic investment on the economic growth of Nigeria. The objectives were to assess the growth of the economy of Nigeria from 1981 to 2018, determine the relationship of domestic investment on the Nigerian economy, evaluate the relationship of foreign direct investment on the economy of Nigeria, and determine the association between capital inflow and the Nigerian economy. Using secondary time series data obtained for domestic investment, foreign direct investment, exchange rate, and interest rate – from Nigerian Central Bank Statistical Bulletin and World Development Indicators, Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) technique was employed in estimating the short term and long run dynamics. The results revealed that foreign direct investment (t = 2.2385, p = 0.033) and interest rate (t = -2.5141, p = 0.0177) are the only significant determinants of real GDP in the short term, while the significant long run exponents are domestic investment (t = 139.5577, p = 0.0000), foreign direct investment (t = -3.2445, p = 0.0026) and exchange rate (t = -2.8316, p = 0.0071). Furthermore, the Granger Causality test revealed that both domestic investment and foreign direct investment cause economic growth. Therefore, the study recommended, among others, that policy makers optimise local investment options and normalize exchange rate and trade operations.
Kemampuan Kognitif FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH BERBASIS E-LEARNING
Authors: Enceng Enceng Yana
Published: April 2022

Kemampuan kognitif merupakan kemampuan intelektual siswa dalam berfikir, mengetahui dan memecahkan masalah, dan tingkat keberhasilan siswa merupakan hasil dari belajar kognitif. Hasil belajar tersebut dapat dilaksanakan di kelas maupun jarak jauh jika kondisi tidak memungkinkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar kognitif siswa dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis e-learning. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi literatur dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengarui hasil belajar kognitif siswa dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis e-learning yaitu (1) faktor motivasi belajar, (2) faktor kesiapan belajar, (3) faktor lingkungan keluarga, dan (4) faktor media pendukung pembelajaran jarak jauh.
Automatic Extraction of Reaction Templates for Synthesis Prediction
Authors: Thakkar Amol , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: April 2022

Several tools for the computational planning of synthetic routes have been developed over the last 60 years. Traditionally these have been built on manually or automatically extracted reaction rules or templates obtained from a deep knowledge of organic chemistry in the case of the former, and reaction databases for the latter. Herein we give an introductory overview to the process of automatically extracting reaction templates, starting from methods for reaction centre identification, through to their use in computer aided synthesis planning and the de novo design of compounds.
Trends in Direct Breath Analysis by Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Applications
Authors: Streckenbach Bettina
Published: April 2022

Exhaled breath can reveal insights about the metabolic state of the human body through the endo- and exogenous compounds it contains. The extent of detectable compounds, however, was revolutionized by the application of mass spectrometry. More specifically, secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) enables the detection of a broad range of breath-derived compounds simultaneously and with high sensitivity. Together with its rapid and non-invasive nature, direct breath analysis by SESI-HRMS raised particular interest for clinical applications. Over the past years, various clinical trials successfully demonstrated the technology´s capability for biomarker discovery in exhaled breath in adults and more recently in children. Current challenges lie within the potential translation of SESI-HRMS into clinical settings and the requirements therein, such as biomarker identification and validation, which became a focus of more recent studies.
Maturarbeit: Towards a Copper-Azophloxine Inorganic Complex for the Selective Naked-eye Detection of Pyrophosphate in Water
Authors: Bieri Aria , Rossel Thibaud
Published: April 2022

For the purpose of a high school thesis, we investigate with a student the possibility of detecting pyrophosphate with an indicator displacement assay using a copper-based inorganic complex. Our results indicate that real research with socially relevant results can be conducted at high school using very modest resources.
Sistem Deteksi Kemiripan Teks Pada Berita Berbahasa Indonesia Menggunakan algoritma Ratcliff/Obershelp
Authors: Izzah Nurul , Yusliani Novi , Roodiah Desty
Published: April 2022

Plagiarisme karya tulis sering sekali ditemukan diberbagai media, salah satunya yaitu internet. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan membuat sistem cerdas yang mampu mendeteksi teks. Salah satu algoritma yang digunakan untuk pembuatan sistem menemukan teks adalah algoritma Ratcliff/Obershelp . Algoritma ini menggabungkan string dari 2 buah teks untuk mendapatkan panjang karakter total ( sequence (string) matching ). Hasilnya digunakan untuk mencari kata yang sama ( sub-sequence ) dan menghitung panjang karakternya. Perhitungan nilai kesamaandan persentasenya dilakukan untuk mengklasifikasikan jenis plagiarisme yang ada pada teks. Data yang digunakan berupa 8 teks berita berbahasa indonesia dengan sumber internet yang berbeda yang terbagi atas 2 topik dan persentase kesalahan rata – rata 0,26%
Synthesis and styrene copolymerization of novel hydroxy, methyl and methoxy ring-trisubstituted phenylcyanoacrylates
Authors: Byk Mariah A. , Coyoc Althia J. , Flowers Mariah S. , Gebremeskel Werhawet , Gontar Bogdan , Gonzalez Jr Jose , Hartrich Patrick J. , Howell Anna C. , Rocus Sara M. , Schjerven William S. , Kharas Gregory B
Published: April 2022

Novel hydroxy, methyl and methoxy ring-trisubstituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy, 4-hydoxy-3,5-dimethyl, 2,3,4-trimethoxy, 2,4,5-trimethoxy, 2,4,6-trimethoxy, 3,4,5-trimethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The acrylates were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-trisubstituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.
One-shot trajectory learning of open quantum systems dynamics
Authors: ULLAH ARIF , Dral Pavlo O.
Published: April 2022

Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics are important for understanding lightharvesting processes, but their propagation with tradition methods can be rather expensive. Here we present a one-short trajectory learning approach that allows to directly make ultra-fast prediction of the entire trajectory for a new set of such simulation parameters as temperature and reorganization energy. The whole 2.5 ps long propagation takes 50 milliseconds as we demonstrate on the comparatively large quantum system, the Fenna–Matthews–Olsen (FMO) complex. Our approach also significantly reduces time and memory requirements for training.
Clinicаl аnd аnаmnеstic prеdictоrs оf strеss urinаrу incоntinеncе in wоmеn
Authors: Mikhelson Anna A. , Lugovykh Evgenia Vladimirovna V. , Lazukina Maria V. , Varaksin Anatoly N. , Lukianova Ksenia D. , Minyailo Elizaveta M.
Published: April 2022

Аim. Tо studу clinicаl аnd аnаmnеstic prеdictоrs оf strеss urinаrу incоntinеncе in pоstmеnоpаusаl wоmеn. Mаtеriаls аnd mеthоds. А rеtrоspеctivе crоss-sеctiоnаl studу in which 89 wоmеn pаrticipаtеd. Grоup 1 (mаin) includеd 57 wоmеn with strеss urinаrу incоntinеncе. Grоup 2 (cоmpаrisоn grоup) includеd 32 wоmеn whо dо nоt suffеr frоm SUI. Stаtisticаl prоcеssing wаs cаrriеd оut using а pаckаgе оf аppliеd prоgrаms, Еxcеl, SPP Stаtistics 22.0. Fоr indicаtоrs chаrаctеrizing quаlitаtivе signs, thе аbsоlutе vаluе аnd thе rеlаtivе vаluе in pеrcеnt wеrе indicаtеd; thе chi-squаrе tеst wаs usеd tо tеst stаtisticаl hуpоthеsеs. Stаtisticаl hуpоthеsеs аbоut thе аbsеncе оf intеrgrоup diffеrеncеs fоr quаntitаtivе trаits with а nоrmаl distributiоn wеrе tеstеd using thе Studеnt's t tеst. Thе dаtа оbtаinеd indicаtе thаt аctivе spоrts (gуmnаstics, wеightlifting, rоwing, tеnnis), lеаding tо аn incrеаsе in intrа-аbdоminаl prеssurе, аrе оnе оf thе mаin rеаsоns fоr thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf SUI. Rеsults. А stаtisticаllу significаnt highеr BMI vаluе wаs fоund in wоmеn with SUI thаn in wоmеn in thе cоmpаrisоn grоup. Аccоrding tо thе chi-squаrе tеst аnd Spеаrmаn's cоеfficiеnt, а tеndеncу wаs rеvеаlеd fоr аn incrеаsе in thе prоpоrtiоn оf wоmеn with urinаrу incоntinеncе with аn incrеаsе in thе numbеr оf births оf mоrе thаn twо. Prеdictоrs оf thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf SUI аrе prеviоus births thrоugh thе vаginаl birth cаnаl, thеir numbеr is mоrе thаn thrее, births wеighing mоrе thаn 4000 grаms аnd cоmplicаtеd bу оbstеtric injuriеs. Whеn еvаluаting cоmоrbiditiеs, it wаs fоund thаt pаtiеnts with SUI wеrе stаtisticаllу significаntlу mоrе likеlу tо suffеr frоm disеаsеs оf thе cаrdiоvаsculаr аnd rеspirаtоrу sуstеms, аs wеll аs frоm disоrdеrs оf cаrbоhуdrаtе mеtаbоlism. Cоnclusiоn. Thе dаtа оbtаinеd indicаtе thе nееd аnd еxtrеmе impоrtаncе оf tаking аnаmnеsis, quеstiоning wоmеn аccоrding tо quеstiоnnаirеs, аnd clinicаl еxаminаtiоn. Thе аbоvе mеаsurеs shоuld bе pаrаmоunt in thе diаgnоstic sеаrch аlоng with rоutinе instrumеntаl аnd lаbоrаtоrу diаgnоstics оf strеss incоntinеncе.
Risk factors and mechanisms of uterine scar defects formation after caesarean section: A review
Authors: Sidorova Tatiana A. , Martynov Sergey A.
Published: April 2022

The objective of the review was to summarize information and analyze the literature regarding the risk factors for scar defects formation on the uterus after сaesarean section, as well as features of tissue repair after surgery. The frequency of сaesarean section throughout the world continues to increase and is accompanied by a high level of scar defects formation leading to many gynecological and obstetrical complications. Studying causes and mechanisms of defects formation is important as it facilitates the development of preventive measures and optimal approach for managing patients with сaesarean section scar defects in the future.
Pathophysiological aspects of pain syndrome in endometriosis: A review
Authors: Sahautdinova Indira V. , Hamadyanova Aida U. , Gimazetdinova Liliana R. , Bashirova Elvina R. , Fatkullin Batyrhan S. , Hamidullina Radmila R.
Published: April 2022

Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This pathology affects 1 in 10 women worldwide. Chronic pelvic pain is the main complaint of patients with endometriosis, which causes the most discomfort and has a strong impact on the quality of life. Today, the main generally accepted criterion for the severity of pain is the volume of the affected tissue, but most often it does not correspond to the real pain sensations of the patients. In this review of the literature, we have identified and compared the main pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of pain in endometriosis, which help to answer some urgent questions. We have identified 6 mechanisms that sequentially activate and reinforce each other's action, leading to the formation of persistent pain syndrome. There are still gaps in the pathophysiological mechanisms described by us, which requires additional clinical studies. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of pain in endometriosis will help improve diagnostic capabilities, as well as treatment that will be directed at each link in the pathological process.
Introdução sobre as questões étnico-raciais na escola e na geografia escolar
Authors: Arnóbio Rodrigues de Sousa Júnior
Published: April 2022

Com o surgimento da geografia crí­tica com subsí­dio no materialismo histórico-dialético, a geografia enquanto ciência em diálogo com as questões étnico-raciais tem se tornado um grande campo de estudo, de intensas investigações que nos convida a refletir cotidianamente sobre as temáticas respaldadas nas leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08. Compreendendo a necessidade e urgência das discussões sobre as questões étnico-raciais no mundo contemporâneo, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar de forma introdutória as questões étnico-raciais na escola e na geografia escolar. Os componentes curriculares devem incorporar a discussão sobre a história de África e cultura afro-brasileira e indí­gena. Por isso, ressalta-se a necessidade de estarmos efetivamente contemplando esta pauta em todo o currí­culo escolar, de modo a contribuir com a luta antirracista e desnaturalizar o preconceito racial na escola. Utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfica como procedimento metodológico, dialogando com um vasto referencial teórico sobre as temáticas, criando sistemáticas de estudo e diálogos de formação que são pertinentes para a escola e a sociedade. Nota-se que a geografia enquanto componente curricular apresenta ricas possibilidades para a aplicabilidade das temáticas presentes nas leis. É a partir de tal sistematização que será possí­vel contribuir com a educação para as relações étnico-raciais e para a igualdade racial.