bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biogenic fabrication and multifunctional therapeutic applications of silver nanoparticles synthesized from rose petal extract
Authors: Alsalhi Abdullah , Alshamrani Meshal , Safhi Awaji Y. , Salawi Ahmad , Sabei Fahad Y. , Albariqi Ahmed H. , Sultan Muhammad H. , Ansari Mohammad Azam
Published: June 2024

This study explores a novel, eco-friendly approach to silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis by using rose petal (RP) extracts. Unlike traditional chemical synthesis, this method reduces silver ions (Ag+) to elemental silver (Ag0) with RP, facilitating nanoparticle stabilization. RP-AgNPs were structurally characterized using UV/Vis (ultraviolet/visible) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy which confirmed the synthesis of predominantly spherical to oval RP-AgNPs, with a distinct absorption peak at 410 nm as observed in UV/Vis spectra. The NPs demonstrated exceptional antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli  and Staphylococcus aureus (inhibitory zones of 12.5  ±  0.20 and 14  ±  0.67 mm at 50 µg) and potent antibiofilm activity. Crucially, they also exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward HeLa cervical cancer cells when assessed by viability assays, fluorescence imaging, and flow cytometry. These findings underscore the potential of green synthesized AgNPs for future biomedical applications in areas such as infection control and cancer treatment.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of lung metastases from unknown primary cancer sites
Authors: Gao Fuli , Liu Luojie , Xu Xiaodan
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Limited knowledge exists regarding lung metastases from cancer of unknown primary (CUPL), particularly concerning young patients. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of CUPL patients, with a specific focus on comparing the survival outcomes across different age groups.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with CUPL between 2010 and 2020, utilizing the SEER database. Clinical characteristics among different age groups were compared. Prognostic factors influencing overall survival (OS) in CUPL patients were assessed through Cox regression analysis, while competing risks analysis was employed to evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS) prognostic factors. A comparison of survival differences between age groups was conducted utilizing the Kaplan–Meier and Cumulative Incidences Function.

Results

A total of 2,474 patients with CUPL were included in this study, predominantly in the middle-aged and elderly demographic. The median survival time was a mere 1 month, with a one-year OS rate of 11 % and a one-year CSS rate of 13.8 %. Age, tumor histological typing and grading, liver metastasis, bone metastasis, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were identified as independent prognostic factors affecting both OS and CSS. Despite the small representation of young patients (<40 years old) at 3 %, their OS and CSS rates significantly surpassed those of middle-aged (40–70 years old) and elderly patients (>70 years old). This advantage persists among patients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy.

Conclusions

While exceedingly uncommon among young patients, the prognosis for survival is more favorable than in middle-aged and elderly patients. Administration of radiotherapy and chemotherapy emerges as a potential avenue to enhance the survival prognosis for CUPL patients.
Empowering farmers: Unveiling the economic impacts of contract farming on red chilli farmers’ income in Magelang District, Indonesia
Authors: Angreheni Diah , Darma Rahim , Fudjaja Letty
Published: June 2024

Contract farming is widely recognised as an empowering tool to improve the welfare of farmers in developing countries and as an institutional solution to address issues related to market failure, credit, insurance, and information. This research endeavours to scrutinise the socio-economic distinctions between farmers engaged in contract farming and those not involved in such agreements. Additionally, it seeks to identify the factors influencing farmers’ participation in contract farming schemes and assess the impact of such arrangements on the income of red chilli farmers. The study, conducted in Magelang District, included 40 respondents from contract farmers and 45 from non-contract farmers. Employing the probit model, the ordinary least square model, and the treatment effect by Heckman, the research aimed to estimate the income impacts of existing contract farming. The findings revealed a noteworthy 57.50% increase in farmers’ incomes attributed to enhanced productivity and effective product management within the context of contract farming. Moreover, contracted farmers demonstrated advanced socio-economic conditions, boasting higher levels of education, knowledge, productivity, and agricultural assets compared to their non-contracted counterparts.
The isotypic series of tetragonal lanthanoid(III) fluoride oxoarsenates(III) Ln
5F3[AsO3]4 (Ln = Eu–Lu)
Authors: Locke Ralf J. C. , Ledderboge Florian , Goerigk Felix C. , Zimmer Frank C. , Schleid Thomas
Published: June 2024

The new fluoride-containing lanthanoid(III) oxoarsenates(III) with the composition Ln
5F3[AsO3]4 (Ln = Eu–Lu) could be obtained through partial metallothermic reduction from mixtures of the corresponding trifluorides (LnF3) and the metals (Ln) with As2O3 upon heating in fused silica ampoules. They all crystallize tetragonally in the space group P4/ncc with lattice parameters ranging from a = 1164.71(8) pm and c = 1097.95(7) pm for Eu5F3[AsO4]4 down to a = 1125.72(8) pm and c = 1061.16(7) pm for Lu5F3[AsO3]4 for Z = 4 as consequence of the lanthanoid contraction. The crystal structure exhibits three positions for the trications occupied by one As3+ and two Ln
3+ species. The lanthanoids occur with two different coordination polyhedra consisting of a fluoride-capped oxygen cube [(Ln1)O8F]14− and a bicapped trigonal prism [(Ln2)O6F2]11− of F− and O2− anions. A surprisingly diverse Ln
3+ cation coordination for the F− anions is noteworthy, as (F1)− has contact to five, but (F2)− to only two of them. The crystallographically unique As3+ cation is coordinated in a discrete ψ
1-tetrahedron [AsO3]3− by three oxygen atoms. The lone-pairs of electrons at the As3+ centers point into empty channels along [001], flanked by four columns of condensed [(Ln1)O8F]14− polyhedra. As rather short oxygen-fluorine distances are present within this structural feature, the absence of (OH)− units apt to replace F− needed to be verified by single-crystal Raman spectroscopy. The composition Ln
5F3[AsO3] was also confirmed by electron-beam microprobe (EDXS) measurements and the phase purity of selected samples could be proven by powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD).
Revisión documental del papel de la cooperación internacional en las migraciones laborales en Costa Rica
Authors: Chaves-Bogantes Alison , Durán-Gómez Paula , Soto-Jiménez Daniela , Salazar-Chacón Frank
Published: June 2024

This article explores the existing documentation on the System of Libraries and Documentation Centers of the National University related to labor migration in Costa Rica, as well as the international cooperation that has been carried out for this topic and expose its approaches. A historical review of migration studies in Costa Rica is applied, establishing connections between their approach and academic and scientific information related to international cooperation in labor migration. This article shows the small number of historical reviews and articles at the Central American level that address the topic, but even more the lack of an approach from the discipline of International Relations.
NATURAL ELECTROMAGNETIC MODES OF A COMPOSITE OPEN STRUCTURE INVOLVING A PERFECTLY CONDUCTING STRIP GRATING, AN INHOMOGENEOUS FERRITE LAYER, AND A MONOLAYER OF GRAPHENE
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NAS of Ukraine, Brovenko A. , Melezhik P. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NAS of Ukraine, Poyedinchuk A. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NAS of Ukraine, Senkevych O. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NAS of Ukraine, Yashina N. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Subject and Purpose. Сonsidered are the natural modes and their correspondent eigenfrequencies of a composite structure which is nonuniform along one of the coordinates and consists of a lossy ferromagnetic layer placed in a static magnetic field. The layer involves a perfectly conducting strip grating at one of its boundaries and a graphene monolayer at the other. Methods and Methodology. The above stated problem can be approached within the analytical regularization procedure developed for dual series equations. The latter concern a broad class of diffraction problems which include, in particular, the diffraction of monochromatic plane waves on strip gratings placed at the boundary of a gyromagnetic medium. The amplitudes of the electromagnetic eigenmodes can be obtained from the infinite set of homogeneous linear algebraic equations solvable within a truncation technique. The roots of the system’s determinant represent complex-valued eigenfrequencies of the system under investigation. The material parameters adopted in our computations for the ferromagnetic layer correspond to such of yttrium iron garnet. Results. A number of numerical programs have been developed which permit analyzing the dependences of wave field eigenfunctions and complex eigenfrequencies upon geometrical parameters of the structure (such as grating slot width and period, and thickness of the lossy layer), as well as on electrodynamic parameters of the ferromagnet and graphene characteristics, specifically the chemical potential and relaxation energy of electrons. A number of behavioral regularities have been established, as well as the effect of non-uniformity of ferrite layer parameters upon the structure’s eigenfrequencies and wave field eigenfunctions. Conclusions. The structure under study has been shown to be is an open oscillatory system with a set of complex-valued natural frequencies demonstrating finite points of accumulation. The real parts of these eigenfrequencies lie in a certain interval determined by characteristic frequencies of the ferrite layer, while the imaginary parts are negative, such that the correspondent natural modes show an exponential decay with time. The grating edges represent the mirrors which the natural surface oscillations are reflected from, being supported at that by the ferromagnetic medium. The results obtained in this paper can be useful for creating the elemental base for microwave devices and the devices themselves.
Optimizing Advanced Imaging of the Pediatric Patient in the Emergency Department: Policy Statement
Authors: Marin Jennifer R. , Lyons Todd W. , Claudius Ilene , Fallat Mary E. , Aquino Michael , Ruttan Timothy , Daugherty Reza J. ,   AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Section on Radiology, Conners Gregory P. , Owusu-Ansah Sylvia , Caperell Kerry S. , Hoffmann Jennifer , Hsu Benson , Hsu Deborah , McCain Jennifer E. , Saidinejad Mohsen , Waseem Muhammad , Tellez Sue ,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY, Otero Hansel J. , Acharya Patricia Trinidad , Alazraki Adina Lynn , Benya Ellen , Brown Brandon Patrick , Laskosz Laura ,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee, Amato Christopher S. , Georgadarellis Alexandria , Dietrich Ann Marie , Sorrentino Annalise , Foster Ashley , Sulton Carmen D. , Chang Cindy , Slubowski Daniel , Wallin Dina , Mendez Donna , Rose Emily A. , Crawford Erika Bishop , Santillanes Genevieve , Hsu George , Hooley Gwendolyn C. , Barata Isabel Araujo , Homme James L. , Goodloe Jeffrey Michael , Wall Jessica J. , Valente Jonathan Harris , Easter Joshua , Li Joyce , Brown Kathleen , Berg Kathleen Theresa , Alade Kiyetta Hanan , Rice Lauren , Joseph Madeline Matar , Auerbach Marc , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Heniff Melanie , Stoner Michael J. , Gerardi Michael Joseph , Saidinejad Mohsen , Lee Moon O. , Waseem Muhammad , Ishimine Paul T. , Hiu-Fung Lam Samuel , Fox Sean M. , Sivasankar Shyam Mohan , Lawson Simone L. , Amanullah Siraj , Lin Sophia D. , Sandelich Stephen M. , Cheng Tabitha Autumn , Walls Theresa Ann , Burroughs Zachary , Shahid Sam
Published: June 2024

Advanced imaging, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, is an integral component to the evaluation and management of ill and injured children in the emergency department. As with any test or intervention, the benefits and potential impacts on management must be weighed against the risks to ensure that high-value care is being delivered. There are important considerations specific to the pediatric patient related to the ordering and interpretation of advanced imaging. This policy statement provides guidelines for institutions and those who care for children to optimize the use of advanced imaging in the emergency department setting and was coauthored by experts in pediatric and general emergency medicine, pediatric radiology, and pediatric surgery. The intent is to guide decision-making where children may access care.
Electrically tunable total reflection of light by oblique helicoidal cholesteric
Authors: Iadlovska Olena S. , Thapa Kamal , Rajabi Mojtaba , Mrukiewicz Mateusz , Shiyanovskii Sergij V. , Lavrentovich Oleg D.
Published: June 2024

An oblique helicoidal state of a cholesteric liquid crystal (ChOH) is capable of continuous change of the pitch $$P$$
P
in response to an applied electric field. Such a structure reflects 50% of the unpolarized light incident along the ChOH axis in the electrically tunable band determined by $$P$$
P
/2. Here, we demonstrate that at an oblique incidence of light, ChOH reflects 100% of light of any polarization. This singlet band of total reflection is associated with the full pitch $$P$$
P
. We also describe the satellite $$P/2$$

P
/
2

, $$P/3$$

P
/
3

, and $$P/4$$

P
/
4

bands. The $$P/2$$

P
/
2

and $$P/4$$

P
/
4

bands are triplets, whereas $$P/3$$

P
/
3

band is a singlet caused by multiple scatterings at $$P$$
P
and $$P/2$$

P
/
2

. A single ChOH cell acted upon by an electric field tunes all these bands in a very broad spectral range, from ultraviolet to infrared and beyond, thus representing a structural color device with enormous potential for optical and photonic applications.

Impact statement

Pigments, inks, and dyes produce colors by partially consuming the energy of light. In contrast, structural colors caused by interference and diffraction of light scattered at submicrometer length scales do not involve energy losses, which explains their widespread in Nature and the interest of researchers to develop mimicking materials. The grand challenge is to produce materials in which the structural colors could be dynamically tuned. Among the oldest known materials producing structural colors are cholesteric liquid crystals. Light causes coloration by selective Bragg reflection at the periodic helicoidal structure formed by cholesteric molecules. The cholesteric pitch and thus the color can be altered by chemical composition or by temperature, but, unfortunately, dynamic tuning by electromagnetic field has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a cholesteric material in a new oblique helicoidal ChOH state could produce total reflection of an obliquely incident light of any polarization. The material reflects 100% of light within a band that is continuously tunable by the electric field through the entire visible spectrum while preserving its maximum efficiency. Broad electric tunability of total reflection makes the ChOH material suitable for applications in energy-saving smart windows, transparent displays, communications, lasers, multispectral imaging, and virtual and augmented reality.

Graphical Abstract
Fromages Glacés and Iced Creams
Authors: David Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

The author continues her examination, begun in the first issue of this journal, of the history of ice-cream  and glaces, drawing on English and French historical sources.
A Matter of Form; and One of Texture
Authors: D'Aulnay Nathan
Published: June 2024

The author, Richard Olney, who wrote under the pen-name Nathan D'Aulnay, contributes two recipes.
The Harvest of Cold Months
Authors: David Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

The short article looks at techniques using snow as a refrigerant for wines and desserts in Early modern Europe and especially Italy.
Moussaka Minceur
Authors: Levy Paul
Published: June 2024

The author, well known for his writing about food and cookery books, is an enthusiastic experimental cook. Here he has worked out a recipe which achieves the seemingly impossible feat of producing a moussaka which is delicious but suitable for a slimming diet. With other such recipes, it is being published in the Habitat/Conran Cook's Diary for 1980, on sale in Habitat/Conran shops around the world. Theme is La Nouvelle Cuisine, and all the recipes are by Paul Levy.
Autumn Preserves
Authors: Davidson Jane
Published: June 2024

Some recipes for autumnal preserving.
Mole Poblano and Turkey
Authors: Ortiz Elisabeth Lambert
Published: June 2024

recipe for mole poblano and some legends about its origins.
Whence the Samovar?
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: June 2024

Professor Smith, of the Department of Russian Language and Literature in the University of Birmingham, is writing a historical survey of food in Russia. This article contains material from his study of how tea came to Russia and leads on to a discussion of the origin of the samovar. (See page 68 for a definition of a samovar.)
A Tribute to Eleanor Lowenstein
Authors: Beard James
Published: June 2024

.
The Saracen Connection
Authors: Wilson C Anne
Published: June 2024

To follow Claudia Roden's interesting essay on early Arab cookery (in PPC 6), here is an account of how the foodstuffs and cuisine of the Saracens (as they were known to the mediaeval West) exerted their influence on western Europe. Anne Wilson, who has already written about the interchanges between French and English mediaeval cookery ('The French connection', PPC 2 and 4) now considers those aspects that can be traced back to Arab origins.
Shorba
Authors: Perry Charles
Published: June 2024

.
Terrines
Authors: Olney Richard
Published: June 2024

.
Agresto
Authors: David Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

.
Elderflower
Authors: Kenrick Jenny
Published: June 2024

.
José Wilson
Authors: Ortiz Elisabeth Lambert
Published: June 2024

.
The commodification of academic research and its social legitimation: When the public communication of science becomes propaganda
Authors: Arboledas-Lérida Luis , Vázquez-Liñán Miguel
Published: June 2024

This paper takes a novel approach to the functional transformation of the public communication of science and technology in the context of the commodification of academia and academic research. It contends that the public representations of university-industry relations and academic entrepreneurship policy should be understood as an instance of the leveraging of the public communication of science and technology for propaganda purposes. To substantiate this approach, this paper elaborates on the concept and functions of propaganda by drawing from traditional and contemporary scholarship. It also examines what the commodification of academic knowledge production consists of, underscoring its contradictions and the negative consequences that it has had for some domains of social life, including academia itself. In view of the foregoing, it is possible to hypothesise the use of the public communication of science and technology for disseminating the ‘ideology of academic entrepreneurship’ for propaganda purposes. The final section outlines some general criteria that ought to be considered when operationalising this theoretical framework for analysing the media coverage of university-industry relations and academic entrepreneurship. The approach described here should be understood as a first step towards uncovering and criticising the ‘common sense’ on which the contemporary political economy of academic knowledge production rests.
Thermal processes in the heat exchange unit of a combined photovoltaic plant with solar radiation concentration
Authors: Khrypunov G.S. , Nikitin V.O. , Meriuts A.V. , Minakova К.О. , Zaitsev R.V. , Kirichenko M.V. , Shelest T.M. , Leliuk S.Yu.
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Calculate the energy balance of a photo-energy installation for operation in conditions of concentrated solar radiation, develop the design of a heat exchange unit with "micro" channels.
Methodology. Analytical studies using criterion equations of hydrodynamics, creation and study of computer models based on heat balance equations.
Findings. Based on the analysis of thermal processes, the design of a heat exchange unit equipped with "micro channels" for a combined photoelectric plant designed to work in conditions of concentrated solar radiation is proposed. It is shown that such a design creates a transitional mode of cooling liquid flow, which allows for efficient cooling of solar cells under conditions of concentrated solar radiation. Based on the results of research, ways of improving the design of the heat exchange unit for equipping a photoelectric system designed to work in conditions of disruption of the typical energy infrastructure are proposed. It has been shown that in order to reduce the temperature difference over the SC area, the design of the heat exchange block can be optimized by moving the coolant inlet to the center and creating two exits at the opposite ends of the block.
Originality. For the first time, the design of the radiator of the heat exchange unit based on "micro-channels" was proposed, which provides a transitional mode of coolant flow with a heat exchange coefficient between the coolant and the upper plate of the radiator. hf ~ 10000 W/(m2K) at a flow speed in the gaps between the plates ~2.1 m/s.
Practical value.  The evaluation of the efficiency, thermal and electrical characteristics of the combined photo-energy system with the concentration of solar radiation was performed. It is proposed to use the developed design of the heat exchange unit for equipping a photoelectric plant for operation in conditions of disruption of the typical energy infrastructure. A preliminary calculation of the thermal and electrical parameters of a photovoltaic installation equipped with multi-cascade solar cells based on gallium arsenide and a heat exchange unit with "microchannels" was carried out.
Development and study of a method for controlling anomalous behavior in the blast furnace process
Authors: Sidanchenko V.V.
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To develop and investigate a method for controlling the blast furnace process in the absence of an analytical description of its behavior, which allows for the detection of anomalies in the production process.
Methodology. This study utilizes methods for evaluating and forecasting time series based on the Kalman filter algorithm, fractal analysis, and nonlinear dynamics.
Findings. A method has been developed that allows for the evaluation and forecasting of non-stationary stochastic processes with an unknown analytical model. This method includes an embedded anomaly detection procedure based on the 3-sigma method. Research was conducted on real-time series data of the chemical composition of cast iron at the blast furnace output. It has been demonstrated that the developed method effectively detects anomalies in the process behavior. A possible implementation of a control system using the proposed method has been considered.
Originality. For the first time, a modification of the suboptimal Kalman-type filter-forecaster has been developed, invariant to the properties of the processed process. This modification improves the reliability and accuracy of forecasting non-stationary processes when it is impossible to obtain their analytical model and detects production process anomalies using an embedded procedure based on the 3-sigma method. For the first time, a study of time series data on the chemical composition of cast iron at the blast furnace output using the 3-sigma method has been conducted, which allowed for the identification of zones with anomalous values and outliers, indicating significant deviations in the production process behavior.
Practical value. This research expands existing quality control methods in the metallurgical industry and demonstrates the effectiveness of the statistical 3-sigma method for monitoring and analyzing time series in real production conditions. The obtained results can be used to develop more accurate quality control systems and take prompt corrective actions.
Алёнушка и Панда . Учебное пособие
Authors: Васиченко Кристина , Цзинюань Цзинюань ,   Сианьский нефтяной университет
Published: June 2024

Учебник «Алёнушка и Панда» написан специалистами, работающими с китайскими студентами в течение многих лет. Учебник является универсальным пособием для всех начинающих изучать русский язык с нуля и рассчитан на самую широкую аудиторию, для тех, кто когда-то изучал его и хочет восстановить свои знания. В овладении русским языком, данный курс учебника поможет иностранным студентам научиться читать и писать по-русски, элементарно общаться на русском языке, а также понимать русскую речь на слух. Исходя из потребностей учащихся, материал разделён на две части. Учебник состоит из 10 уроков, охватывающих самые необходимые темы общения. Каждый урок содержит:  лексику и грамматику на заданную тему;  упражнения;  диалоги;  речевые модели;  тексты для чтения и задания к ним;  тексты для прослушивания и задания к ним. Каждый урок – это небольшая история, где предлагаются диалоги на определенную тему, подробное объяснение ключевых слов и выражений с примерами их употребления в различных ситуациях. Программа включает в себя «Правила чтения и письма», «Элементарный разговорный курс», «Основы русской грамматики», а также вы сможете найти дополнительную интересную информацию о России в рубриках «А знаете ли вы, что …», к дополнению прилагается русско-китайский словарь. По учебнику можно работать как с преподавателем, так и самостоятельно. При обучении языку необходимо направлять внимание учащихся на все виды речевой деятельности. Для достижения этой цели в учебнике ставиться несколько задач:  научить легко общаться по-русски, и поддерживать разговор на самые актуальные темы.  научить писать по-русски правильно. Ведь научно доказанно, что при выполнении письменных заданий, процесс запоминания и усвоения материала идёт эффективнее. Мы очень надеемся, что изучение разговорной речи поможет вам лучше и глубже понимать русскую культуру во всех её проявлениях.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THERMO-FLUIDIC CHARACTERISTICS IN INNOVATIVE PARALLEL PLATE-FIN HEAT SINK DESIGN SUBJECTED TO PARALLEL FLOW: EXPLORING THE STAGGERING EFFECT
Authors: Dadda Abdelmounaim , Koukouch Abdelghani , Mohamed Asbik , Haddou Ahmed
Published: June 2024

The persistent advancement of miniaturized electronic devices and their increased performance exacerbates the challenges concerning efficient heat transfer. This study explores innovative configurations of parallel plate-fin heat sink for MOSFET cooling, combining experimental validation and numerical simulations using the ANSYS Fluent solver. A heat sink, denoted as HS1, featuring seven parallel plate fins of length L, serves as the subject of both experimental and numerical analysis. Five alternative configurations designated HS2 to HS6 maintain the overall length of HS1 whilst examining different segmentations of the middle fins. HS2, HS3, and HS4 are segmented with lengths L/3, L/4, and L/7, respectively. Introducing staggered fins, HS5 and HS6, segmented with L/7, generates translations of L/14 and L/28, respectively. Staggered fins are positioned across all proposed heat sinks at S/2 (S is the fins spacing). Analysis of combined mass flow rate and power losses on HS1 reveals distinct trends in thermal resistance and maximum junction temperatures with varying mass flow rates. The heat sink configurations exhibit a significant reduction in thermal resistance compared to HS1. The exploration of the thermo-fluidic characteristics of each configuration unveils the intricate fluid dynamics and heat transfer phenomena occurring within the heat sinks. These configurations aim to minimize the thermal resistance between the MOSFETs' junction and the ambient, effectively reducing operational temperatures. Results also demonstrate significant improvements in heat dissipation efficiency, with the best configuration showcasing a reduction in thermal resistance up to 25.37%.
Multi-criteria site selection for wastewater treatment plant in Bent Saidane, Tunisia
Authors: Chaabane Safa , Ghattassi Anis , Mensi Khitem , M’hiri Fadhel , De Ketelaere Dirk , Spiteri Anna , Plakas Konstantinos
Published: June 2024

Optimal site selection for the establishment of a municipal waste-water-treatment plant (WWTP) is an amazingly complex task that involves several factors such as regulations, as well as environmental, economic and social considerations. This paper presents the criteria and applied methods (geographic information system (GIS)/fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP)) used in the screening of potential sites for the WWTP of the Bent Saidane rural locality (northern Tunisia). For this reason, nine factors accompanied by three sets of site selection criteria were used. GIS-based multi-criteria analysis techniques based on the standardised fuzzy logic concept and weighted overlay were applied for generation of all maps in the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system. Multiscale evaluations based on the weighted linear combination method were also assessed. The study indicated that 0.14 and 0.11% of the total area of the Bent Saidane locality were found to be highly suitable and very highly suitable, respectively. According to these results, the GIS followed by the fuzzy AHP method could pinpoint the optimal sites selected as the most suitable, due to their minimum impact on the environment, as well as on public health, for the construction of a future WWTP in the Bent Saidane rural area.
A systematic review of the barriers and attraction strategies for females in construction
Authors: Rutherford Naomi Nanuska Stephanie , Daniel Emmanuel Itodo
Published: June 2024

The construction industry is overwhelmingly male dominated and has a rapidly ageing workforce. Comprehensive research shows that women are being considered an untapped resource that can be used to fill the skill gap; however, numerous barriers are hindering women from either entering or progressing in the industry across the board. Globally, governments and organisations within the sector have implemented various attraction strategies considered effective solutions for dealing with gender disparity and lack of diversity. However, there are a limited number of studies available that provide a holistic review that incorporates data extrapolated to reveal geographical and thematic trends of the most common barriers and attraction strategies found in an endeavour to encourage females into the construction industry. This research seeks to bridge that gap by conducting a systematic review using Scopus, from which 51 journals were analysed using qualitative research design. It was identified that Australia has been at the forefront of conducting research in the last decade, and discrimination and apprenticeships/pre-apprenticeship programmes were strong factors impacting or influencing females and their career prospects in the industry. The study offers valuable insight for governments, human resources, educational organisations and self-employed individuals.
Violencia, estrés y salud comprometida
Authors:   Bellarmine University, Hutchins Frank
Published: June 2024

El aumento de la violencia en países como Ecuador, donde el crimen organizado, las drogas, el tráfico de personas y la banlidad política producen irrupciones diarias con consecuencias mensurables para la salud. La creciente tasa de homicidios (de 7,7/100.000 en 2020 a 44,5 en 2023) (Statista 2024), junto con el aumento de los robos violentos, los secuestros, los robos de vehículos y las agresiones sexuales, implican experiencias directas de daño o muerte. Desde 2021, se han declarado en Ecuador más de diez estados de excepción y la existencia de un “conflicto armado interno”.
The Effect of Mobile Phone Attachment and Extended Self on Nomophobia among University Students: The Mediating Role of Materialism
Authors: Enez Özge
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of mobile phone attachment (MPA), extended self, and materialism on nomophobia; investigate the mediating role of materialism on the relationship between smartphone extension and nomophobia, and the relationship between MPA and nomophobia; and adapt the Extended Self Scale to Turkish culture. Data were collected from 289 university students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and reliability analyses have confirmed that the Turkish form is a reliable and valid measurement tool. Multiple regression analysis showed that MPA, smartphone extension, materialism predicted nomophobia. Materialism mediated the relationship between MPA and nomophobia, and the relationship between smartphone extension and nomophobia. This study suggests that materialistic students form an emotional attachment to the smartphone, and accept it as part of their selves. They use it to enhance their self-perceptions and cope with emotional/daily problems. Such use may cause the fear of being without a smartphone, which is nomophobia.
Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, And Self-Regulation in High School Students: The Mediating Role of Attentional Control
Authors: Yukay Yüksel Müge , Kermen Umut
Published: June 2024

Reducing anxiety, developing self-efficacy and self-regulation skills, and increasing attentional control are among the goals of psychological counseling sessions. This study intends to determine whether or not high school students’ attentional control over their anxieties is affected by self-efficacy and self-regulation, as attentional control is not seen to have been studied correlationally with other variables in Turkey. 170 girl, 155 boys, total 325 students in Istanbul participated in the research. Data has been collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Perceived Self-Regulation Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Attentional Control Scale. Data were collected in classrooms. Correlation and path-analysis techniques have been used in analyzing the data. According to the findings, self-efficacy is a positive and significant predictor of self-regulation and attentional control and a negative predictor of anxiety in model for the high school students. Attentional control also negatively predicts anxiety. Additionally, attentional control has a partial mediating role between self-efficacy and anxiety.
The Involvement of Learning Mathematics Via Teachers’ Autonomy Support and The Fulfilment of Basic Psychological Needs
Authors: Thahır Andi , Wahyuni Citra , Riwayati Rosa
Published: June 2024

Mathematics is one of the compulsory subjects for high school students in Indonesia. However, not many of them like mathematics. Students’ low learning engagement in mathematics is affected by the social contexts of friends, teachers, and parents and the fulfilment of the students’ basic psychological needs. Teachers’ autonomy support to improve students’ engagement is essential, especially in mathematics learning. This research was aimed at looking into the roles of the fulfilment of basic psychological needs as the element mediating teacher autonomy support and student engagement. The number of respondents of this research was 102. They were students of various high schools in Indonesia. The instruments were the autonomy support scale for measuring the teachers’ autonomy support, the “feeling I have” scale for measuring the fulfilment of basic psychological needs, and the engagement scale for measuring the students’ engagement. The employed analysis technique was the simple mediation model analysis. The results of this study indicate the partial mediation of the fulfilment of basic psychological needs between the teachers’ autonomy support and the student’s engagement. This finding implies that teachers should understand better that every student has basic psychological needs which can be fulfilled through teacher autonomy support, which, in turn, leads to learning engagement.
Günümüzde Arap Dilinde Görülen Bazı Yaygın Dil Hataları
Authors: Şükür Alaaddin
Published: June 2024

Bu makale günümüzde Arap dilinde görülen bazı yaygın dil hatalarını konu edinmiştir. Dil, insanla-rın aralarında anlaşma sağladıkları, arzu ve isteklerini dile getirdikleri en önemli iletişim aracıdır. Tüm dillerde olduğu gibi Arap dilinde de günlük kullanımlarda küçük ya da büyük çaplı birtakım hataların yapılma ihtimali her zaman vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, günümüzde fasih Arapça yerine halk dilinin tercih edilmesi sebebiyle yanlış olmasına rağmen doğru kabul edilip kullanılan lafızlar, harekeler, edatlar, kelime türetim ve çekimlerinde yaygın olarak görülen hatalara bazı örneklerle dik-kat çekmektir. Ayrıca söz konusu hataların kaynakları ve nedenleri araştırılırken siyaset, medya ve eğitim gibi dil ile arasında güçlü bir bağ olan ve dilin gelişimine önemli katkı sağlayan alanlarda yapılan yanlış uygulama ve kullanımların bu hataların daha da normalleşmesine olan etkilerine deği-nilmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışmada, yaygın görülen dil hatalarının giderilmesine ve doğru kullanımla-rına yönelik olarak ayet, hadis ve kadim Arap şiirlerinden örnekler verilmiş; ardından günümüzde bu hataların düzeltilebilmesi için bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and α-Synucleinopathies: Nationwide Analysis From South Korea’s Healthcare Database
Authors: Song Chaeyoung , Oh Jihye , Kim Young-Chan , Um Yoo-Hyun , Kim Tae-Won , Seo Ho-Jun , Jeong Jong-Hyun , Hong Seung-Chul
Published: June 2024

Background and Objective The complex relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and neurodegenerative diseases is increasingly being recognized. This study aims to elucidate the association between OSA and α-synucleinopathies, with a focus on Parkinson’s disease (PD), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), highlighting the impact of demographic variables.Methods Employing a retrospective cohort approach, we analyzed 103785 patients diagnosed with OSA and their matched controls. The data were sourced from South Koreas National Health Insurance claims database spanning 2010 to 2019. Our investigation centered on the incidence of PD, PDD, and DLB among patients with OSA, utilizing chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression to compute adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Additionally, we conducted a subgroup analysis focusing on variations by sex and age.Results The findings indicate that individuals suffering from OSA had a significantly elevated risk for PD (AOR = 2.166, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.840–2.549, p < 0.0001) and DLB (AOR = 4.001, 95% CI: 1.501–10.660, p = 0.0056). Subgroup analyses further highlighted that the association between PD, DLB, and OSA was markedly stronger in men and escalated in those above 60 years of age.Conclusions Our analysis establishes a substantial link between OSA and an increased likelihood of developing PD and DLB, emphasizing the vital role demographic factors play. These findings suggest the need for intensified surveillance and customized management strategies for OSA, particularly among individuals at heightened risk for neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, this research lays the foundation for further studies into the progression and therapeutic interventions for these conditions.
Preservice Teachers' Attitudes Toward Teacher Field Knowledge Test: Scale Development Study
Authors: Aşıcı Fahrettin
Published: June 2024

Selecting teachers is a crucial aspect of the educational environment. Teacher employment in our country is carried out in line with the “Public Personnel Selection Exam (PPSE)”. Until 2013, in the PPSE model, which measures teacher competencies with “General Culture”, “General Ability” and “Educational Sciences” tests, the "Teacher Field Knowledge Test (TFKT)" has started to be applied in some branches since 2013. This study aims to develop a measurement tool to determine the attitudes of preservice teachers to TFKT. The scale was applied to 291 teacher candidates to test its validity and reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to gather evidence regarding construct validity. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the scale had a structure with 15 items and three factors and that the scale explained 59.309 % of the total variance. To determine the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach-Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated, and it was found that the Cronbach-Alpha internal consistency coefficient was .894 for the test and between .700 and .883 for each factor. With the confirmatory factor analysis, the three-factor structure was verified. In this context, the findings show that the scale measures pre-service teachers' attitudes towards TFKT in a valid and reliable way.
Use of rice husk as hot tipping on steel casting parts
Authors:   Empresa Planta Mecánica, Cruz-Pérez Juan Carlos , González-Ruiz Jesús Eduardo ,   Universidad de la Havana, Perdomo-González Lorenzo ,   Universidad Central de las Villas, Cruz-Crespo Amado ,   Universidad Central de las Villas, Peon-Avés Eduardo ,   Universidad de la Havana, Quintana-Puchol Rafael ,   Universidad Central de las Villas
Published: June 2024

The use of feeding aids in the foundry process has become widespread globally recent decades, leading to increased efficiency. This article examines the characterization of rice husks, their ashes, and their positive impact as hot topping on the efficiency of open risers in casting cylindrical parts made of AISI 1045 steel. The rice husks were analyzed through X-Ray Diffraction test, Thermal-Gravimetric Analysis, and Differential Thermal-Gravimetric Analysis, while the ashes were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction. The analyzed rice husks were found to contain cellulose and low crystallinity silicon, whereas the ashes primarily consisted of cristobalite and tridymite. It was observed that the thermal decomposition of rice husks occurs in three stages, with approximately 81% of the mass lost during their combustion as hot topping on liquid steel. The location of cavities contraction in the risers of casting parts was made through longitudinal cut of the part-riser system. The increase in the rice husks topping layer thickness positively influences the concentration of these cavities on the upper surface and enhances the feeder's efficiency.
Study of Ridostin Pro and Poly(I:C) as adjuvants for cancer vaccine on the E.G7-OVA model
Authors: Tsarapaev P. V. , Baryshnikova M. A. , Ponomarev A. V. , Rudakova A. A. , Sokolova Z. A. , Baryshnikov K. A. , Levagina G. M. , Danilenko E. D. , Kosorukov V. S.
Published: June 2024

Background. Adjuvant is necessary for enhancing the efficacy of cancer peptide vaccines. Our previous work has demonstrated the efficacy of TRL-3 agonists, which include Poly(I:C) and Ridostin Pro, as part of peptide neoantigen vaccines against murine melanoma B16-F10.

Aim. To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of Ridostin Pro or Poly(I:C) against murine lymphoma E.G7-OVA.

Materials and methods. The study was performed on C57Bl / 6 mice with subcutaneously transplanted E.G7-OVA lymphoma containing the complete chicken ovalbumin sequence. The antitumor effects of Ridostin Pro and Poly(I:C) were evaluated in monotherapy as well as in vaccines containing chicken ovalbumin in addition to the adjuvant. The antitumor effect of Ridostin Pro and Poly(I:C) was evaluated when used in different vaccination regimens: in one case treatment was started after tumour transplantation and in the other case before tumour transplantation. The criteria of antitumor response were inhibition of tumour growth, increased survival of mice and cure.

Results. Ridostin Pro and Poly(I:C) both as part of the vaccine and when administered without ovalbumin increased the percentage of tumour growth inhibition and survival of mice with E.G7-OVA lymphoma. In a regime where  vaccination with ovalbumin and Ridostin Pro or Poly(I:C) was started before tumour transfection, a complete cure of the mice was shown.

Conclusion. Ridostin Pro and Poly(I:C) enhance the antitumor effect of a peptide vaccine against E.G7-OVA lymphoma.
Strategies of anticoagulant therapy in various clinical variants of antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Klimenko A. A. , Shostak N. A. , Gafforova A. S.
Published: June 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune pathology characterized by thrombotic manifestation associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and phospholipid-binding proteins circulation. Long-term anticoagulant therapy is a cornerstone in the treatment and prevention of relapses and manifestations of APS-associated For high-risk APS phenotypes with arterial thrombosis, microthrombosis and triple aPL-positivity VKA use is the only possible option for anticoagulant therapy. The need for constant monitoring of international normalized relations (INR) for achievement and control of target values, intolerance and variability of INR reduce patient compliance in a certain category of patients, which limits their use in some clinical situations. Use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) is an alternative option for anticoagulant therapy. Despite the benefits of using DOAC according to current international recommendations and guidelines their use is limited by the phenotype of APS with venous thrombosis and monoand double aPL-positivity if the patient is unable or unwilling to take VKA due to need for constant INR monitoring. In the obstetric version of APS during gestation, antithrombotic therapy is performed with aspirin and low molecular-weight heparins. The intensity and duration of antithrombotic prophylaxis determining at high-risk APS is a real challenge for the clinician due to the lack of tools for risk stratification and should be carried out depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and the course of APS.