bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-occurring trajectories of anxiety and insistence on sameness behaviour in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Baribeau Danielle A. , Vigod Simone , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Kerns Connor M. , Mirenda Pat , Smith Isabel M. , Vaillancourt Tracy , Volden Joanne , Waddell Charlotte , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Bennett Teresa , Duku Eric , Elsabbagh Mayada , Georgiades Stelios , Ungar Wendy J. , Zaidman Zait Anat , Szatmari Peter
Published: July 2020

Background

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased susceptibility to anxiety disorders. Variation in a common ASD symptom, insistence on sameness behaviour, may predict future anxiety symptoms.

Aims

To describe the joint heterogeneous longitudinal trajectories of insistence on sameness and anxiety in children with ASD and to characterise subgroups at higher risk for anxiety.

Method

In a longitudinal ASD cohort (n = 421), insistence on sameness behaviour was measured using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised at approximately ages 3, 6 and 11 years. Anxiety was quantified at 8 time points between ages 3 and 11 years using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (parent report). Clusters of participants following similar trajectories were identified using group-based and joint trajectory modelling.

Results

Three insistence on sameness trajectories were identified: (a) ‘low-stable’ (41.7% of participants), (b) ‘moderate-increasing’ (52.0%) and (c) ‘high-peaking’ (i.e. increasing then stabilising/decreasing behaviour) (6.3%). Four anxiety trajectories were identified: (a) ‘low-increasing’ (51.0%), (b) ‘moderate-decreasing’ (16.2%), (c) ‘moderate-increasing’ (19.6%) and (d) ‘high-stable’ (13.1%). Of those assigned to the ‘high-peaking’ insistence on sameness trajectory, 95% jointly followed an anxiety trajectory that surpassed the threshold for clinical concern (T-score >65) by middle childhood (anxiety trajectories 3 or 4). Insistence on sameness and anxiety trajectories were similar in severity and direction for 64% of the sample; for 36%, incongruous patterns were seen (e.g. decreasing anxiety and increasing insistence on sameness).

Conclusions

The concurrent assessment of insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety in ASD may help in understanding current symptom profiles and anticipating future trajectories. High preschool insistence on sameness in particular may be associated with elevated current or future anxiety symptoms.
Oryginalność i trwałość V Republiki Francuskiej
Authors: Ujazdowski Kazimierz Michał
Published: July 2020

Originality and Permanence of the French Fifth Republic The case of the Fifth Republic encourages reflection on comparative constitutionalism both because of the originality of de Gaulle’s constitutional work and the fact that during its validity the 1958 Constitution had to face new challenges – a change in the balance of political powers, European integration and the growth of the judiciary. The last two trends were universal in nature. The Fifth Republic proved an original and permanent constitution, giving the French democracy stability and efficiency. The constitutional system has not evolved either towards parliamentarianism or a presidential system like that of the USA. If there were significant amendments to the constitution, this happened in the area of external challenges. But also, in this area, where the constitutional judiciary became more dynamic and the guarantee of independence of the common judiciary increased, the Fifth Republic retained its originality, expressing the specificity of the French legal tradition.
Intertemporal Price Discrimination with Time-Varying Valuations
Authors: Araman Victor F. , Fayad Bassam
Published: July 2020

Pricing Under Time-Varying Valuations
Complete characterisation of Kronecker invariants of a matrix pencil with a prescribed quasi-regular subpencil
Authors: Dodig Marija
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the possible Kronecker invariants of a matrix pencil with a prescribed quasi-regular subpencil are determined.
Rectangular Maxwell’s fisheye lens via transformation optics as a crossing medium for dissimilar waveguides
Authors: Badri S. Hadi , Gilarlue M. M. , Taghipour-Farshi H.
Published: July 2020

Different material platforms, each offering a set of unique advantages, have been introduced for photonic integrated circuits. These platforms may be used in the same photonic chip to explore their advantages. Consequently, the in-plane crossing of dissimilar waveguides may be inevitable. In this paper, we investigate, for the first time to our knowledge, the crossing of silicon nitride (

S

i

3

N

4

) and silicon (Si) strip waveguides. Recently, the imaging property of the Maxwell’s fisheye lens has been exploited to design waveguide crossings. However, the refractive indices of

S

i

3

N

4

and Si are different by about 1.45, so the crossing medium should have different refractive indices at its edges to minimize reflection from the interface of the waveguide and the crossing medium. We utilize quasi-conformal transformation optics to design a rectangular Maxwell’s fisheye lens as a crossing medium of

S

i

3

N

4

and Si strip waveguides. We implement the rectangular lens with graded photonic crystal and numerically evaluate the performance of the designed waveguide crossing.
Large-area perfect blackbody sheets having aperiodic array of surface micro-cavities for high-precision thermal imager calibration
Authors: Shimizu Yuhei , Koshikawa Hiroshi , Imbe Masatoshi , Yamaki Tetsuya , Amemiya Kuniaki
Published: July 2020

We present a large-area perfect blackbody sheet, which would offer a planar standard radiator for high-precision thermal imager calibration. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheets with nano-precision surface micro-cavity structures achieve both ultra-low reflectance (ultra-high emissivity close to unity) over the thermal infrared wavelengths and high durability to mechanical contact. The investigation on the geometrical parameters of the conical micro-cavities, that is, radii and aspect ratios (ratio of height to radius), confirmed that the PDMS blackbody sheet with a micro-cavity radius of ∼6 µm and an aspect ratio of ∼4 exhibits the optimum hemispherical reflectance of less than 0.002 (emissivity of higher than 0.998) at the thermal infrared wavelengths (6–15 µm). Furthermore, the large-area PDMS blackbody sheet of 100 mm × 80 mm maintained an excellent in-plane uniformity of the emissivity. This unprecedented large-area perfect blackbody conforms to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard recommendation regarding thermal imager calibration for fever screening in terms of the emissivity performance.
Tailoring the gradient and scattering forces for longitudinal sorting of generic-size chiral particles
Authors: Zheng Hongxia , Li Xiao , Ng Jack , Chen Huajin , Lin Zhifang
Published: July 2020

Based on the concepts of conservative and non-conservative optical forces (COF and NCOF), we analyze the physical mechanism of longitudinal chirality sorting along the direction of light propagation in some simple optical fields. It is demonstrated, both numerically and analytically for particle of arbitrary size, that the sorting relies solely on the NCOF, which switches its direction when particle chirality is reversed. For particles larger than half of the optical wavelengthλ, the NCOF far surpasses its counterpart COF, enabling the longitudinal chirality sorting. When the particle is much smaller thanλ, however, the COF outweighs the NCOF, destroying the sorting mechanism. A scenario is thus proposed that totally eliminates the COF while leaving the sorting NCOF unchanged, extending the applicability of longitudinal chirality sorting to small particles.
От самообразования к самозанятости: непарадный вход молодежи на рынок труда
Authors: Касаткина Наталья Петровна , Шумкова Наталья Викторовна
Published: July 2020

В статье раскрываются причины, стимулирующие самоорганизационное поведение молодежи на рынке труда, которое понимается как конструирование трудовых карьер, альтернативных традиционным социальным практикам. Самозанятость рассматривается в качестве специфичной трудовой карьеры, имеющей бинарный алгоритм выбора: добровольная либо вынужденная стратегия. Цель исследования — анализ роли формального образования и самообразования в карьере самозанятых.
Эмпирическую базу исследования составляют данные авторского анкетного опроса молодежи Республики Мордовия в возрасте 18—35 лет (n = 490, апрель — май 2019 г.); онлайн-опроса, проведенного ГКУ РМ «НЦСЭМ» среди студентов выпускных курсов трех вузов Республики Мордовия (n = 1 943, март — май 2019); а также серии полустандартизированных и фокус-групповых интервью, проведенных авторами в 2019—2020 гг. среди самозанятой молодежи Республики Мордовия (критерии отбора — наличие опыта самозанятости более 1 года, возраст от 18 до 35 лет).
Согласно полученным данным, выбор молодежью самозанятости носит скорее вынужденный характер. Он вызван маргинализацией профессионального статуса, свидетельствующей о дисфункции института высшего профессионального образования. Кризис профессиональной идентичности, невостребованность полученного образования на рынке труда, осознание недостаточности имеющихся знаний и навыков стимулируют поиск способов повышения конвертируемости своего человеческого капитала и возможных путей адаптации к неопределенности на рынке труда. Бэкграунд формального образования в карьерах самозанятой молодежи способствует развитию soft skills (неспециализированных надпрофессиональных навыков) и в то же время характеризуется обесцениванием hard skills (профессиональных компетенций). Набор востребованных навыков на рынке труда достраивается самозанятыми с помощью самообразования. Молодежь реализует «дисперсивную модель» развития собственного человеческого капитала не только в системе формального образования, но и посредством неформального и информального обучения, приобретая разнообразные по профессиональному содержанию умения и навыки.
Данное исследование демонстрирует, что самообразовательные практики выполняют важную роль в формировании альтернативных карьерных траекторий молодежи, позволяющих интегрироваться в современный рынок труда.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и Правительства Республики Мордовия в рамках научного проекта «Социальное пространство рынка труда Республики Мордовия: самозанятость молодежи» (№ 18-411-130016 р_а).
Формирование индивидуальной субъектности в сфере труда у молодых работников современной России
Authors: Темницкий Александр Лазаревич
Published: July 2020

В статье на основе анализа данных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения (RLMS-HSE) за 1994—2017 годы раскрывается проблема формирования индивидуальной субъектности молодых работников в сравнении с представителями старших возрастных групп. Индивидуальная субъектность рассматривается не как теоретический конструкт, а как феномен, замеченный на основе предварительного обобщения ряда эмпирических фактов предыдущих исследований.
Цель данной работы заключается в раскрытии содержания, выявлении роли и динамики ведущих проявлений индивидуальной субъектности молодежи в сфере труда. К ним были отнесены те, что позитивно отличают молодежь от старших возрастных групп работников. Это более высокие уровни уверенности, трудовой и профессиональной мобильности в занятости на рынке труда, практики и ориентации на повышение образования и квалификации, получение предпринимательского опыта благодаря самостоятельной занятости.
Результаты исследования подтвердили гипотезу о преимущественно вынужденном характере указанных проявлений, об их реактивности, а не проактивности по отношению к складывающимся ситуациям. Обнаруженные проявления индивидуальной субъектности молодых работников в сфере труда носят преимущественно автономный, фрагментарный характер и пока не образуют целостного явления.
Молодежь: жизненные стратегии в новой реальности
Authors: Зубок Юлия Альбертовна
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается формирование социальных и социокультурных условий, в которых конструируются жизненные стратегии современной молодежи. Среди наиболее значимых их характеристик выделяются:  глобальная изменчивость реальности, нарастание неопределенности и эскалация риска, изменение баланса целенаправленного регулирования и саморегуляции, расширение реальности и изменение ее смыслового пространства; углубляющаяся социальная дифференциация. Ставятся ключевые вопросы, актуальные для всестороннего анализа жизненных стратегий молодежи и их саморегуляции в изменяющейся реальности.
Scientific Communication Skills Profile of Prospective Science Teachers Based on Sociocultural Aspects
Authors: Taufiq M. , Rokhman F.
Published: July 2020

One of the essential skills for future science teacher candidates is scientific communication, while the background of sociocultural aspects influences communication which must have a scientific basis. This research aims to analyse the scientific communication skills of prospective science teacher based on sociocultural aspects. Quantitative survey research methods applied in this research, using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The population in this research were students of natural science education programs at one of the state universities in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, while the samples are 87 students. The results of this study indicate that the sociocultural aspects of students vary with the characteristics of the area of origin, regional languages, different languages, regional cultures, and different social attitudes. The sociocultural aspects are specified in two levels, which are Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and More Knowledgeable Other (MKO). At the ZPD level, 67% of the students are in the intermediate criteria and 33% in the advanced criteria. While at the MKO level, the criteria are intermediate and advanced, with percentages almost equal to 49% and 51%, respectively. It was concluded that the profile of scientific communication skills of prospective science teacher based on sociocultural aspects was in the intermediate and advanced criteria. Students are indicated to experience “vernacular misconceptions” related to the sociocultural aspects of the use of various languages used in daily communication and writing. The frequency is dominated by the use of regional languages that are not relevant to scientific languages. Further research needs to be carried out on the identification of scientific misconceptions related to sociocultural aspects.
Expert System Diagnosis of Urinary System Diseases using Forward Chaining and Dempster Shafer
Authors: Fitriana Jevita Dwi , Prasetiyo Budi , Arifudin Riza
Published: July 2020

Expert system is a computer system that can adopt human knowledge into a computer. Expert system can be used to solve problems commonly performed by experts, one of them is the diagnosis of urinary system diseases. Expert system for the diagnosis of the urinary system disease especially for the inflammation of the bladder and these pyelonephritis using the forward chaining and the dempster shafer method. Forward chaining is used to diagnose disease based on the rules and the dempster shafer is used to determine the value of confidence. The goal is to build an expert system using forward chaining and dempster shafer methods to diagnose early urinary system diseases and to determine the level of accuracy. The data used is the secondary data obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository as much as 120 data and 6 attributes. The result of the implementation of the forward chaining and the dempster shafer methods on this expert system of diagnosis of urinary system diseases generates an accuracy value of 87.5%.
Automatic Segmentation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurism (AAA) By Using Active Contour Models
Authors: Kosasih Rifki
Published: July 2020

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a disease that is caused by dilation of the aortic wall. Dilation of the aortic wall will affect the size of the diameter of lumen and the aorta. In this study we use T1 and T2 images on 4 patients with AAA which generated from MR Imaging to calculate the diameter of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). To calculate the diameter of lumen and the aorta, the first step is image registration using Laplacian eigenmap method. After that we propose an automatic segmentation method on region of the aorta by using active contour models to get the contour of lumen and the aorta. The last step,  we calculate the diameter of lumen and the aorta by using contour of lumen and the aorta. In our experiment, active contour model is very good method for segmentation AAA. In the result, our proposed model give the accuracy rate of lumen is 96.41% and accuracy rate of aorta is 95.22%.
A Novel Construction of Perfect Strict Avalanche Criterion S-box using Simple Irreducible Polynomials
Authors: Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: July 2020

An irreducible polynomial is one of the main components in building an S-box with an algebraic technique approach. The selection of the precise irreducible polynomial will determine the quality of the S-box produced. One method for determining good S-box quality is strict avalanche criterion will be perfect if it has a value of 0.5. Unfortunately, in previous studies, the strict avalanche criterion value of the S-box produced still did not reach perfect value. In this paper, we will discuss S-box construction using selected irreducible polynomials. This selection is based on the number of elements of the least amount of irreducible polynomials that make it easier to construct S-box construction. There are 17 irreducible polynomials that meet these criteria. The strict avalanche criterion test results show that the irreducible polynomial p17(x) =x8 + x7 + x6 + x + 1 is the best with a perfect SAC value of 0.5. One indicator that a robust S-box is an ideal strict avalanche criterion value of 0.5
The Utilization of Naive Bayes and C.45 in Predicting The Timeliness of Students’ Graduation
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Manongga Danny , Purnomo Hindriyanto Dwi
Published: July 2020

An assessment of the success of a college is if the student's graduation rate is on time and high every year. The timeliness of students' graduation can be influenced by several factors. This study aims to determine the profile of the students who graduated both on time and not on time given a certain graduation predicate set by the institution and to know the factors influencing students’ gradution. The model used in this study using the NBC to determine the graduation pattern and the Decision tree to determine the influencing factors. In calculating the NBC algorithm using rapidminer, it was found that the profiles of students who graduated on time and late with the predicate of less satisfactory, satisfactory, very satisfactory and cumlaude. In the Desicion Tree calculation, the highest gain values are obtained in the IPK3, IPS1 and IPK2 attributes. This research needs to be developed further by increasing the number of attributes and data, and it is necessary to make a system to determine the accuracy of students’ graduation from the patterns that have been produced so that it can help universities to increase the level of students’ graduation every year.
Thyroid and colorectal cancer screening in acromegaly patients: should it be different from that in the general population?
Authors: Terzolo Massimo , Puglisi Soraya , Reimondo Giuseppe , Dimopoulou Christina , Stalla Günter K
Published: July 2020

The literature on an association between acromegaly and cancer is particularly abundant on either colorectal cancer or thyroid cancer, and an endless debate is ongoing whether patients with acromegaly should be submitted to specific oncology screening and surveillance protocols. The aim of the present work is to review the most recent data on the risk of either colorectal cancer or thyroid cancer in acromegaly and discuss the opportunity for specific screening in relation to the accepted procedures in the general population.
GENETICS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Genetic etiologies of central precocious puberty and the role of imprinted genes
Authors: Roberts Stephanie A , Kaiser Ursula B
Published: July 2020

Pubertal timing is regulated by the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, nutritional and epigenetic factors. Criteria for determining normal pubertal timing, and thus the definition of precocious puberty, have evolved based on published population studies. The significance of the genetic influence on pubertal timing is supported by familial pubertal timing and twin studies. In contrast to the many monogenic causes associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, only four monogenic causes of central precocious puberty (CPP) have been described. Loss-of-function mutations in Makorin Ring Finger Protein 3(MKRN3), a maternally imprinted gene on chromosome 15 within the Prader–Willi syndrome locus, are the most common identified genetic cause of CPP. More recently, several mutations in a second maternally imprinted gene, Delta-like noncanonical Notch ligand 1 (DLK1), have also been associated with CPP. Polymorphisms in both genes have also been associated with the age of menarche in genome-wide association studies. Mutations in the genes encoding kisspeptin (KISS1) and its receptor (KISS1R), potent activators of GnRH secretion, have also been described in association with CPP, but remain rare monogenic causes. CPP has both short- and long-term health implications for children, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms contributing to early puberty. Additionally, given the role of mutations in the imprinted genes MKRN3 and DLK1 in pubertal timing, other imprinted candidate genes should be considered for a role in puberty initiation.
Acute neonatal Listeria monocytogenes infection causes long-term, organ-specific changes in immune cell subset composition
Authors: Zou Mangge , Yang Juhao , Wiechers Carolin , Huehn Jochen
Published: July 2020

Listeria monocytogenes(Lm) is a food-borne pathogen with a high chance of infecting neonates, pregnant women, elderly and immunocompromised individuals.Lminfection in neonates can cause neonatal meningitis and sepsis with a high risk of severe neurological and developmental sequelae and high mortality rates. However, whether an acute neonatalLminfection causes long-term effects on the immune system persisting until adulthood has not been fully elucidated. Here, we established a neonatalLminfection model and monitored the composition of major immune cell subsets at defined time points post infection (p.i.) in secondary lymphoid organs and the intestine. Twelve weeks p.i., the CD8+T cell population was decreased in colon and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) with an opposing increase in the spleen. In the colon, we observed an accumulation of CD4+and CD8+effector/memory T cells with an increase of T-bet+T helper 1 (Th1) cells. In addition, 12 weeks p.i. an altered composition of innate lymphoid cell (ILC) and dendritic cell (DC) subsets was still observed in colon and mLNs, respectively. Together, these findings highlight organ-specific long-term consequences of an acute neonatalLminfection on both the adaptive and innate immune system.
The influence of fees on the quality of professional services in South Africa
Authors: Laryea Samuel , Watermeyer Ron , Govender Neil
Published: July 2020

The abolishment of the tariff of professional fees in the construction industry is a growing international trend since the late 1980s. In recent years, this has become a topical issue among built environment professionals in South Africa following a ruling by the Competition Commission in 2016 that prohibits professional councils from publishing a tariff of fees. The period following the ruling has coincided with a perceived decline in the quality of professional service outputs, which some have attributed to the lowering of fees resulting from market competition. However, this may not necessarily be true, as other factors also influence quality. This research examined the claims through the lens of professionalism theory, which asserts that professionals have a ‘standard-of-care’ obligation that is not dependent on fees. The examination of data across 15 different professional services disciplines in a new universities project demonstrates that market competition led to fee offers that were lower in comparison with the tariff of fees published by built environment professional councils. However, the professionals delivered a high standard of work, which further challenges the claims that lower fees lead to a decline in the quality of professional service outputs.
A new typology of pocket parks: inspiring small spaces for changing cities
Authors: Babalis Dimitra
Published: July 2020

The contemporary city has witnessed sweeping changes in terms of structure and image. New glittering globalised urban forms emerged, however, associated ‘anywhere’ contemporary urban spaces are often criticised as bland and meaningless. The global crisis of 2008 brought with it a heightened realisation of the need to manage cities differently and more sustainably. In recent decades, the concept of a public space/garden has changed from something largely ornamental and often to be viewed ‘passively’ to creating spaces for ‘active engagement’ as well as, relaxation and socialisation, and with resultant positive impacts on community health and well-being. Small spaces have the potential to bring people together to create places of community cohesion, but they may also hold the key to addressing broader issues such as increasing biodiversity and repairing environmental damage. This study of pocket parks suggests that 13 distinct ‘types’ of pocket park have emerged since they were first identified as a special kind of urban space in the late 1960s. They now possess a wide range of spatial configurations and perform a variety of functions. However, these new possibilities need a variety of skills and knowledge to exploit them to their full potential and in pocket park creation.
In defence of exploratory research: A reply to critics
Authors: Nattrass Nicoli
Published: July 2020

My Commentary ‘Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences?’ (S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6)) has been criticised on a variety of grounds. Many of these involve misrepresentations or misunderstandings of my research. Some appear to be rooted in hostility towards quantitative social science paradigms. Many condemn what they see as racist assumptions and interpretations. I defend my explicitly exploratory research, showing that the research design was in line with standards for such research and was rooted in well-established existing literatures. I dispute that my research was in any way racist or entailed racial essentialism. Rather, it emphasized that attitudes and beliefs were better predictors of study and career choices than self-identified racial identities per se. I defend the analysis of the ‘red-green divide’, materialism, attitudes to wildlife and experience of pets and attitudes on other issues. I acknowledge some useful suggestions for further and fuller research to enhance an evidence-based understanding of the challenges of transformation facing the University of Cape Town and the conservation sector more broadly.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life and its Association with Dental Caries of Preschool Children in Urban and Rural Areas of India
Authors: Subramaniam Priya , Surendran Rajas
Published: July 2020

Background: In early childhood due to dental neglect, children suffer from multiple decayed teeth and experience pain, interfering with their daily activities. This study aimed to assess Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of preschool children in urban and rural Bangalore, and to correlate it with their dental caries status. Study design: Oral health examination of 1545 preschool children, aged 3 to 5 years were selected from urban and rural Bangalore. The parents answered the Oral Health-Related Early Childhood Quality of Life OH-ECQOL proforma on OHRQoL of their children. Results: The mean OHRQoL of urban preschool children was 17.86 and was significantly different from 20.42 of rural preschool children. (p<0.001). The mean deft score was 2.60±2.26 in rural preschool children and it was significantly higher than 1.92±2.05 seen in urban preschool children (p< 0.001). A significant correlation was seen between dental caries (deft) and OHRQoL in urban preschool children (p=0.04). Their OHRQoL was significantly associated with the ‘decayed’ component.(p=0.03) Multiple regression analysis showed OHRQoL to be significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusion: OHRQoL among preschool children living in urban Bangalore was found to be better than those in rural Bangalore.
Reduction in Bacterial Loading using Papacarie and Carisolv as an Irrigant in Pulpectomized Primary Molars – A Preliminary Report
Authors: Maru Viral P , Padawe Dimple , Tripathi Vandana Pandey , Takate Vilas , Dighe Kishor , Vishwanath Dalvi Shraddha
Published: July 2020

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reduction in bacterial loading using Papacarie and Carisolv as an irrigating solution in pulpectomized primary molars. Study design: A controlled, randomized clinical trial involving 120 necrotic canals from both genders between 3 and 7 years old children were included, 30 irrigated with Papacarie [ group I], Carisolv [ group II], 1% NaOCl gel [ group III] and 1% Na0Cl solution [group IV ] each; in all cases, 2 microbiological samples from within the canals were taken with sterile paper points, the first after the canal opening and before the first irrigation, and the second after instrumentation and final irrigation, before obturation. All samples were evaluated by Agar plate method. Results: The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA. After analyzing samples before and after irrigation in all the groups, a strong significant decrease in bacterial load [ p = < 0.001 ] was found with Papacarie and Carisolv. Conclusion: Papacarie and Carisolv can be suggested as an alternative irrigant for pulpectomy of necrotic teeth.
Water and the Middle East Peace Process
Authors: Waintraub Nicole
Published: July 2020

In the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, the issue of water is presented as an issue for technical cooperation that must be attended to in negotiations independent of other aspects of final settlement. To sustain such a framework for negotiation, each party must come to the table supported by domestic discourse, which is compatible with the envisioned settlement. While the Israeli public is primed to accept a settlement on water characterized by joint or cooperative management, the Palestinian public is not prepared to recognize such an agreement. Due to factors emanating from territorial dispossession and experience with the peace process, the discourse on the Palestinian side, however, has not undergone such a shift. In contrast, the Palestinians operate parallel discourses: one on the international stage of cooperation and another on the domestic stage of dispossession and rights-driven calls for “water sovereignty”. As it stands, this dual discourse renders unlikely the possibility of a negotiated settlement over a scarce resource. Based on this analysis, it may be necessary for third parties engaged in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process to develop strategies to address divergent discourse and accommodate Palestinian concerns into the negotiating framework.
ON WHOSE AUTHORITY?
Authors: Ali Jasmine , Boileau Kerry , Haskett Miranda , Kipang Shani , Marksman-Phillpotts Denysha , Vachon Wolfgang
Published: July 2020

This study offers a preliminary investigation into a simulation-based, service-user-involved teaching model within a post-secondary child and youth care program. Using the method of collaborative self-study, this research draws on the diverse perspectives of six co-researchers, documenting our experience of this model through the lenses of student, professor, youth trainer, and facilitator. This study uses praxis (the cycle of action and reflection) and dialogic learning (learning through dialogue) to unpack personal and professional questions of expertise, participation, professional development, and anti-oppressive practice.
Las Bioferias y su potencial para promover el consumo de productos agroecológicos en Quito
Authors: Vasco Cristian , Guevara Antonella , Jácome Belén , Vasco Mora Diana
Published: July 2020

Se analizaron las motivaciones para consumir alimentos agroecológicos en Quito, con datos de una encuesta realizada a los clientes de Bioferias entre abril y mayo de 2017. Los resultados revelan que los consumidores agroecológicos son sustancialmente diferentes del resto de la población en términos de educación e ingresos. La principal motivación para comprar en las Bioferias es que los productos agroecológicos se perciben como más saludables que los convencionales. Por otro lado, la preocupación por el medio ambiente es la motivación menos importante. Adicionalmente, los resultados de un modelo de regresión lineal muestran que los individuos educados, con mayores ingresos y que forman parte de una organización social/medioambiental son los que más gastan en productos agroecológicos.
Role of Government in the Economic Valorization of Innovation and University Research: The Case of Morocco
Authors: Ouahraoui Fatima , Soudi Nada
Published: July 2020

The development of university researches and the economic valorization of innovation for industries and companies are still nourishing a scientific debate. It is perceived today as a priority and as an axis of investment of the States. They were involved in the ecosystem to ensure a "win-win" cooperation between the two partners and explore a triptych "model 2 " linking the State, the university, and companies. This paper focuses on working on the Moroccan experience and the role of the national government in the implementation of this model of cooperation. After an exhaustive review of all organizations related to innovation in Morocco, three models illustrate the cooperation of the three stakeholders (Industry, State and University) as a Triple Helix models. This involves innovation centers, clusters, and incubators. Following the results of the theoretical part, a quantitative study was conducted based on targeted survey. The objective is to demonstrate, through the answers, the level of involvement and the role of the Moroccan government in the realization of the triple helix model. Findings of this review revealed that the Triple Helix model is highly elucidated in the "Centers of Innovation" since the budget including the governance, and this model implies the three stakeholders. The clusters are more linked to the industries while the incubators are more linked to the universities.
The impact of Servant Leadership on Organizational Trust: The Mediating Role of Organizational Culture
Authors: Almutairi Bader Ali , Alraggad Mohammad Abd-alkarim , Khasawneh Mohammad
Published: July 2020

This study aims to examine the impact of servant leadership on organizational trust and mediating role of organizational culture for the mentioned relationship for employees in the Kuwaiti Ministry of Higher Education. A survey questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection. A total of 285 questionnaires were distributed among the Kuwaiti Ministry of Higher Education employees. In total, 248 valid questionnaires to analysis were returned equivalent to 87% response rate. Data analysis was conducted with the help of PLS-SEM to determine the level of relationships among servant leadership, organizational trust, and organizational culture. According to the obtained findings, there is a positive impact of servant leadership on organizational trust, and organizational culture has a partially mediated role in the relationship between servant leadership and organizational trust. The study findings motivate future studies to carry out studies of the same caliber in other sectors to obtain different perspectives.
MobilitÃ© GÃ©ographique Intraorganisationnelle au Togo : Une Etude Exploratoire des Perceptions et des VÃ©cus
Authors: Kazimna Pazambadi
Published: July 2020

Lâ€™objectif de la prÃ©sente Ã©tude est dâ€™analyser les perceptions et le vÃ©cu de la mobilitÃ© gÃ©ographique intra-organisationnelle des travailleurs au Togo. Pour ce faire un questionnaire construit a Ã©tÃ© administrÃ© Ã  45 travailleurssalariÃ©s togolais issus des villes et des zones rurales. Ces travailleurs ont fait lâ€™objet dâ€™une mobilitÃ© gÃ©ographique au moins. Les rÃ©sultats obtenus montrent quâ€™il existe des perceptions de freins Ã  la mobilitÃ© des salariÃ©s togolais. Ces freins sont liÃ©s entre autres Ã  lâ€™Ã¢ge, Ã  la situation familiale, Ã  lâ€™absence de politique de mobilitÃ©, et aux difficultÃ©s dâ€™accÃ¨s Ã  certaines zones. Ce qui entraine, dans les vÃ©cus de certains travailleurs, le stress et le sentiment dâ€™injustice. Toutefois, lâ€™Ã©tude rÃ©vÃ¨le Ã©galement que la mobilitÃ© gÃ©ographique, qui est un outil de management des ressources humaines et un facteur de rÃ©duction de la disparitÃ© entre villes, prÃ©fectures et rÃ©gions, prÃ©sente aussi des opportunitÃ©s de dÃ©veloppement professionnel (promotion).
The objective of this study is to analyze the perceptions and real-life experience of intra-organizational geographic mobility of workers in Togo. To do this, a constructed questionnaire was administered to 45 Togolese workers and salaried workers from cities and rural areas. These workers have been subject to at least geographic mobility. The results obtained show that there are perceptions of obstacles to the mobility of Togolese employees. These obstacles are linked, among other things, to age, family situation, lack of a mobility policy, difficulties in accessing certain areas. This leads to the stress and the feeling of injustice experienced by certain workers surveyed. However, the study also reveals that geographic mobility, which is a human resource management tool and a factor in reducing the disparity between cities, prefectures and regions, also presents opportunities for professional development (promotion).
Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ageratum Conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) in Mice
Authors: Randrianavony Patricia , Quansah Nat , Djoudi Roukia , Quansah Nyamekye A. , Randimbivololona Fanantenanirainy
Published: July 2020

This work aimsto study the anticonvulsant activity in vivo of the hydro alcoholic extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. (ASTERACEAE) in mice. Seizure was induced by electric stimulation of animal ears and intraperitoneal injection of picrotoxin. The extract increases the seizure threshold and reduces picrotoxin-induced convulsion duration. Animals of control group reacted to electric shock of 10.67 Â± 0.74 mV, versus 14.33 Â± 0.64, 22.67 Â± 1.28 and 29.33 Â± 0.64 mV for the animals treated with the extract at doses 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg respectively (P<0.05). Duration of clonic seizure induced by picrotoxin decreases from 36.04 Â± 3.46 s in control group to 31.33 Â± 0.88, 14.08 Â± 1.02 and 10.07 Â±1.31 s in the treated animals, while tonic seizure duration in control group is equal to 156.33 Â± 24.53 s versus 73.02 Â± 5.32 s and 29.67 Â± 3.59 s in the animals treated with the extract at doses 400 and 800 mg/kg respectively (P<0.05). Alkaloids in the extract might be responsible for this activity by blocking Na+ or K+ channels, it also might enhance GABA or inhibit glutamate action.
Lâ€™analyse Qualitative Inorganique Dans le Curriculum Formel Marocain et Chez Les Futurs Enseignants de Physique-Chimie en Cycle Secondaire CollÃ©gial
Authors: Bouabdallah Ibrahim
Published: July 2020

Lâ€™analyse qualitative inorganique, une mÃ©thode dâ€™analyse chimiquequalitative permettant dâ€™identifier les constituants dâ€™une substance sert Ã illustrer les phÃ©nomÃ¨nes chimiques en cycle secondaire collÃ©gial. Les futursenseignants sont confrontÃ©s Ã  des exigences particuliÃ¨res en termes deconnaissances relatives Ã  lâ€™objet de savoir, pour pouvoir assurer latransposition didactique. Cet article vise, dâ€™une part, lâ€™examen des contenus Ã enseigner en chimie aux apprenants du secondaire collÃ©gial, et dâ€™autre part, ladÃ©termination du niveau dâ€™acquisition des connaissances relatives Ã  lâ€™analysequalitative inorganique chez les futurs enseignants. Pour ce faire, une analyseexhaustive du curriculum formel marocain, suivie dâ€™un questionnaire ouvertsoumis Ã  cinquante-huit futurs enseignants, ont Ã©tÃ© menÃ©s pour collecter lesdonnÃ©es. Les rÃ©sultats concernant le curriculum formel montrent lâ€™absence dethÃ¨mes consacrÃ©s Ã  ce champ disciplinaire qui entretient une corrÃ©lationimplicite avec les activitÃ©s dâ€™enseignement. La dissolution et lâ€™identificationdu gaz formÃ© ne constituent pas un obstacle pour les futurs enseignants.Cependant, ils Ã©prouvent dâ€™Ã©normes difficultÃ©s pour expliquer les rÃ©actionsmises en jeu lors de lâ€™action de la substance inconnue avec les rÃ©actifs. Enplus, leur savoir-faire pratique rÃ©vÃ¨le une lacune pour proposer un montageexpÃ©rimental de production du sulfure dâ€™hydrogÃ¨ne.
The inorganic qualitative analysis, a method of analytical chemistry foridentifying the constituents of a substance, is used to illustrate chemicalphenomenaâ€™s in the college secondary cycle. Future teachers are confrontedwith particular requirements in terms of knowledges related to the knowledgeobject in order to be able to ensure didactic transposition. This article aims, onone hand, to examine the chemistry contents to be taught in secondary collegeschool, and on the other hand, to determine the future teachersâ€™ level ofinorganic qualitative analysis knowledge acquisition. To achieve this, anexhaustive analysis of the formalMoroccan curriculum, followed by an openendedquestionnaire submitted to fifty-eight future teachers, were used tocollect the data. The results concerning the formal curriculum show theabsence of themes related to this disciplinary field which has correlate withthe teaching activities. The dissolution and identification of the formed gas didnot appear to be an obstacle for the future teachers. However, they foundseveral difficulties to explain the reactions between the unknown substanceand reagents. In addition, their practical knowledge reveals an insufficiency topropose an experimental setup to produce the hydrogen sulfide.
Hernie De Amyand Compliquee De Gangrene De Fournier : A Propos Dâ€™un Cas Et Revue De La Litterature
Authors: Geraldo Raouf Fayisall , Matendo Hugues Ndasu , Musteata Liviu , Krasovski ValÃ©riu , Nitu Valentin , Gastaud Thierry , Cattan Fabrice
Published: July 2020

La hernie de Amyand se dÃ©finit par l'incarcÃ©ration de l'appendice vermiculaire dans le sac herniaire. Elle constitue une entitÃ© rare. Nous rapportons le cas dâ€™un patient de 75ans, Ã©thylique, dÃ©nutri et porteur dâ€™une cardiopathie ischÃ©mique stentÃ© et sous traitement anticoagulant, admis pour une tumÃ©faction douloureuse et chaude localisÃ©e en rÃ©gion inguinale droite Ã©voluant depuis cinq jours. Le bilan biologique rÃ©vÃ©lait un syndrome infectieux et des troubles sÃ©vÃ¨res de lâ€™hÃ©mostase. Le scanner a objectivÃ© un appendice perforÃ© au sein du sac herniaire droit et un thrombus intraventriculaire gauche. Lâ€™Ã©volution sâ€™est faite vers une gangrÃ¨ne de Fournier. AprÃ¨s correction des troubles hÃ©mostatiques, la prise en charge chirurgicale a consistÃ© en lâ€™appendicectomie, drainage par laparotomie mÃ©diane associÃ©e Ã  une orchidectomie droite sur un testicule nÃ©crosÃ© avec exÃ©rÃ¨se jusquâ€™en zone saine de la peau scrotale. MalgrÃ© des constantes stables en per-opÃ©ratoire, le patient a prÃ©sentÃ© un arrÃªt cardiaque en post-opÃ©ratoire immÃ©diat, rÃ©animÃ© sans succÃ¨s.
Amyand hernia is defined by the presence of appendix herniating into the deep inguinal ring. Itâ€™s a rare condition. We report the case of a 75-yearold male patient, presenting alcoholism, undernutrition and ischemic cardiopathy which required angioplasty and anticoagulation, admitted for a painful and hot swelling in right inguinal region evolving for five days. Blood analysis revealed infectious syndrome and important hemostasis disorders. Computed Tomography scan showed perforated appendix herniating through inguinal ring associated to a thrombus in the left ventricle. The evolution was marked by a Fournierâ€™s gangrene. After getting the normalization of the hemostasis values, a laparotomy was performed for appendicectomy, drainage. The right testicle, necrotized, was removed, with a wide debridement of the fasciitis. Although the parameters were stable during the surgery, the patient presented
Sensibilidad y Resistencia a AntibiÃ³ticos de Cepas ProbiÃ³ticas Empleadas en Productos Comerciales
Authors: May-Torruco Ana Luisa , Corona-Cruz Alma Irene , JimÃ©nez Ana Laura Luna , CortÃ©s NicolÃ¡s GonzÃ¡lez , Vera RomÃ¡n JimÃ©nez
Published: July 2020

Una caracterÃ­stica deseada de los probiÃ³ticos es su sensibilidad a los antibiÃ³ticos para descartar la transmisiÃ³n de resistencia en el ecosistema digestivo. Es importante conocer su susceptibilidad ya que se ingieren frecuentemente con la finalidad de reforzar la microflora intestinal. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la susceptibilidad de probiÃ³ticos aislados de productos comerciales a los principales antibiÃ³ticos de uso clÃ­nico. La prueba de sensibilidad se realizÃ³ por el mÃ©todo de difusiÃ³n en disco sobre agar MRS, empleando discos de antibiÃ³ticos mixtos comerciales. Las bacterias Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei y Bifidobacterium bifidum fueron sensibles a: penicilina, ampicilina, ceftriaxona y cefalotina (BetalactÃ¡micos), eritromicina (MacrÃ³lidos) y cloranfenicol (Anfenicoles). Resistentes a dicloxacilina (BetalactÃ¡micos), oxacilina (Fluoroquinolona), netilmicina, gentamicina y amikacina (AminoglucÃ³sidos) y trimetoprimsulfametoxazol (Sulfonamidas). Los resultados muestran la importancia de valorar la susceptibilidad (sensibilidad y resistencia) de los probiÃ³ticos a los antibiÃ³ticos ya que, se consumen de forma intencionada con el propÃ³sito de mantener el equilibrio de la flora intestinal.
A characteristic of probiotics istheir sensitivity to antibioticsto discard the transmission of resistance in the digestive ecosystem. It is important to know your susceptibility, which is often ingested for the purpose of strengthening intestinal microflora. The purpose of this work was to analyze the susceptibility of probiotics isolated from commercial products to the main antibiotics for clinical use. The sensitivity test was carried out by means of a disk diffusion method on MRS agar, using disks of mixed commercial antibiotics. The bacteriaâ€™s Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum were sensitive to: penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone and cephalotin (Beta-lactam), erythromycin (Macrolides) and chloramphenicol (Amphenicoles). Resistant to dicloxacillin (Beta-lactam), enoxacillin (Fluoroquinolone), netilmicin, gentamicin and amikacin (Aminoglycosides) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Sulfonamides). The results show the importance of assessing the susceptibility (sensitivity and resistance) of probiotics to antibiotics since they are consumed intentionally in order to maintain the balance of the intestinal flora.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESCALA PARA MEDIÇÃO DA GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA EMPREENDEDORA
Authors: Búrigo Renan Grijó , Amboni Nério , Bassegio Caumo Rafael , Tezza Rafael
Published: July 2020

O artigo teve por objetivo desenvolver uma escala para mensuração da Governança Corporativa Empreendedora em empresas brasileiras de capital fechado, a partir dos construtos governança corporativa e orientação empreendedora. Os dados foram coletados via questionário com 300 empresas brasileiras de capital fechado e foi utilizada a análise fatorial exploratória para construção da escala. Ao final dos testes estatísticos, ocorreu o agrupamento dos 24 itens da escala em três dimensões (transparência/prestação de contas, responsabilidade corporativa e equidade), diferente das quatro dimensões apresentadas pela literatura.