bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desmosomal Cadherins: Specialized Cells for Adhesion Property
Authors: N. Madhavi , B. Mythili , Ch. Sravani , Rao T. Rama
Published: February 2025

Adhesion is a phenomenon which is required to promote controlled release of the drug used in pronged therapies. In view of it, desmosomes are the specialized cells which connect cell to cell and thereby it forms tight junctions to promote diffusion of the drug. These desmosomal cadherins are majorly used in drug delivery to the skin, nasal delivery, buccal delivery and ophthalmic delivery where adhesion is required to provide long term therapy. The current review has been informed a mini review on the invention, morphological structure, functions and few applications of desmosomes.
Examining Happiness at Work in the Indian Army: A Survey Based Analysis
Authors: Chinmayee Abbey, Anamika Pandey
Published: February 2025

This study explores the factors influencing happiness at work among Indian Army officers using a quantitative research approach. A random sample of 120 officers from various regiments was surveyed, with data collected through questionnaires covering demographics such as age, qualifications, branch, rank, salary, and family status. The study assessed variables including happiness at work, job crafting, perceived organizational support, self-esteem, employeeship, and team effectiveness. Results indicate that perceived organizational support and job crafting significantly impact workplace happiness. The study also examines how these factors affect team performance and employee engagement. Findings show that job crafting and perceived organizational support are vital for workplace happiness, enhancing team effectiveness and employeeship. This research offers valuable insights into improving the well-being and performance of Indian Army officers, providing practical implications for creating supportive and engaging work environments within the military.
Perceived Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in HRM Function in the IT Industry in India: An Empirical Study
Authors: Anand Muley
Published: February 2025

In the Indian IT industry, AI has reshaped human resource management (HRM). This means streamlining operations is easy, with AI-enhanced recruitment systems that scan resumes, match profiles to the job description, and guess the candidate’s career success based on historical data. By fielding routine HR queries, chatbots and virtual assistants reduce administrative burden and improve response time. By analyzing work patterns, project contributions, and feedback, AI applications in employee performance evaluation assist in impartial assessments. HR managers  can predict attrition rates and adopt retention strategies by using workforce analytics.
ADVANCING SKILL-BASED EDUCATION WITH AI: EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR STUDENT EMPOWERMENT UNDER NEP 2024
Authors: YUGESH. B
Published: February 2025

Under India's National Education Policy 2024, the integration of artificial intelligence marks a groundbreaking shift, unlocking new possibilities for modernizing skill-based education. This in-depth study assesses the impact of AI-driven learning systems by analyzing implementation data from 50 educational institutions across India over an 18-month period. Utilizing advanced machine learning techniques for performance tracking and data-driven insights, the study encompassed a diverse group of 500 teachers and 5,000 students.
Introducing a New Line of Indo-Western Dresses with Sugar Skull Motifs
Authors: Ruchi
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to introduce novel concepts to diversify embroidered indo-western costumes with sugar skull patterns, aiming to break the monotony prevalent in the field. Departing from conventional motifs like floral or geometric designs, the research focused on crafting a fresh range of dresses. Through comprehensive data collection, 15 design sheets were meticulously curated, subsequently subjected to evaluation by 100 respondents who employed a grading system to identify the top 5 designs. Following this selection process, prototypes were meticulously developed and assessed using a 5-point rating system. The findings revealed a prevailing preference for designs that harmoniously merged traditional sugar skull motifs with contemporary elements, such as vibrant colors and modern silhouettes. This innovative approach sought to provide consumers with unique options, thus expanding the repertoire within the market segment
Increasing Population Violating Right to Environment Under Article 21
Authors: Sanjeev Kumar Chadha
Published: February 2025

Increasing population is presently biggest menace. Countries with larger population are taking steps to control their number. India too needs to take strict steps. This paper particularly deals with the violation of right to environment which is guaranteed to us as fundamental right under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. This infringement is due to increasing population’s demands as for fulfilment of these unending demands, more industries are being set up, more vehicles are being used, more resources are being used and exploitation of all resources is at its peak leading to air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, etc. This shows that there exists nexus between pollution and population. Thus it is clear that increasing population is violating our fundamental right to environment. Apart from the responsibility of the legislators, our honourable Supreme Court is also duty bound to protect our fundamental right so one can approach SC against the infringement of his right to environment and Supreme Court must take necessary actions for the same and that step could be controlling population growth which could be done by restricting the right to procreate. Thus there is a need of balancing the conflicting rights.
Tensorial Analysis of Essential Kinematics in Vacuum
Authors: O. Monroy
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a tensorial analysis of the movement of the essential substrate associated with the underlying vacuum of a physical system is conducted. Two tensors are obtained that generalize the local vectorial quantum model, which allow describing the rotation and translation movement of each substrate point. By independently integrating the tensor equations of motion of the substrate, two local temporal tensors are deduced, which simultaneously and with relative accuracy determine the position and velocity of each substrate point. Consequently, the temporal tensors associated with the position and velocity of the substrate allow us to describe the temporal evolution of the most elementary organized information transmitted by the propagation of light through the underlying vacuum of physical systems. In addition, it follows that, formally, these time tensors must be generated by a time tensor in four-dimensional space. Therefore, the organized information received by physical systems must come from a higher dimensional space.
Implementing LSTM Networks for Sales Forecasting and Predictive Modelling of Consumer Demand in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry
Authors: Murari Thejovathi
Published: February 2025

Successful operations in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry depend heavily on effective inventory management and resource optimisation. The novel method for estimating consumer demand and assisting in sales forecasting presented in this research study makes use of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. This method provides a scalable means to overcome the challenges that arise from the massive datasets, typically of the FMCG industry, by processing data in manageable chunks. Training on up-to-date data allows for the study of large datasets for strong predictive modeling but breaks beyond memory limits. This paper also demonstrate through detailed experimentation and evaluation that our LSTM-based framework is well capable of learning the complex structures and dynamics embedded within consumer behavior. Using the temporal dependencies that the data encapsulates, LSTM networks can provide very accurate predictions. This helps relevant firms to make fully informed decisions about marketing strategies, supply chain logistics, and inventory management. In addition to high forecasting accuracy, we provide interpretability in the form of detailed visualizations. This includes plots such as the actual sales vs. forecast sales for performance evaluation, plots of the loss curve illustrating the learning dynamics of the model, and feature importance studies that help support an understanding of the features that are driving customer demand. Furthermore, we extend this work in order to enhance the interpretability of the predictive models, the suitability of permutation significance techniques in identifying relevant features that influence sales predictions. The research findings not only provide a scalable and effective solution to manage the challenges of consumer demand forecasting in dynamic market contexts but also help in advancing the potential of predictive analytics in the FMCG space. By employing advanced algorithms for data processing with LSTM networks, our novel approach provides actionable recommendations for industry practitioners to enhance the operations, mitigate the risk and capitalize on emerging trends in the market. Ultimately, this research demonstrates the groundbreaking promise of data-oriented techniques in restructuring the processes of FMCG business decision-making.
The Role of EdTech in Supporting Lifelong Learning
Authors: Asma Abdulmana Alhamadi
Published: February 2025

In this day of fast technological advancement and ever-changing work surroundings, it is essential to continue knowledge throughout one's career and in one's individual life. Due to age-specific knowledge and predetermined curricula, conservative educational systems have a hard period accommodating adult learners. By authorizing students to take ownership of their own knowledge, educational technology (EdTech) offers fresh, flexible, and personalized solutions to these tests. By examining platform rudiments that boost adult learners' appointment, retention, and skill growth, this research aims to evaluate how educational skill (EdTech) might help promote enduring learning. To determine the efficacy of linked learning, interactive features, micro-credentials, and other vital EdTech components in promoting self-directed knowledge, the research employed a varied-methods approach. The digital gap, rigid policies, and a lack of professional development opportunities are some of the remaining barriers that keep educators from making full use of EdTech. Hybrid learning replicas, digital infrastructure investments, and gamified gears for younger students are the three most significant aspects of educational technology that the account highlights. Filling these gaps and refining platform features would allow teaching technology to better prepare people for the problems of a changing workforce, indorse lifelong learning, and authorize adult learners.
Perioperative fluid and electrolyte management in surgical neonates
Authors: Peters Nitin James , Dogra Shivani , Yaddanapudi Sandhya , Mahajan Jai Kumar
Published: February 2025

Neonates with surgical conditions may experience significant electrolyte abnormalities and dehydration of varying degrees. Increased awareness of perioperative hyponatremia and its associated morbidity has led to a shift in Pediatric fluid guidelines favoring the use of isotonic fluids. However, there is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for neonatal perioperative fluid administration, resulting in the extrapolation of fluid management principles from adults and children. This article reviews perioperative neonatal fluid management.
A remarkable case of intrauterine intussusception, ileal atresia, and complicated meconium ileus: A case report
Authors: Hencke Jonathan , Diez Oliver , Loff Steffan
Published: February 2025

Background: Intrauterine intussusception, although very rare (<2%), is a potential cause of intestinal atresia. It usually manifests as bowel obstruction during the first hours or days of life.
Case Presentation: We report a case with fetal ascites prompting early Cesarean section, with subsequent percutaneous abdominal drainage and laparotomy. Intraoperative findings showed meconium peritonitis and type IIIa ileal atresia with intussusception of the distal part, with the necrosed intussusceptum likely causing perforation and ileal atresia; in addition, the distal ileum demonstrated signs of meconium ileus. After ileostomy creation, the postoperative course was uneventful. Cystic fibrosis was excluded via a sweat test.
Conclusion: Prompt diagnosis and management of neonatal intestinal obstruction secondary to the unusual combination of fetal ascites, intussusception, complicated meconium ileus, and ileal atresia results in a favorable outcome.
Double-blind ureteral duplication- a rare cause of a neonatal abdominal cyst: A case report
Authors: Stern Maria Vittoria , Paradiso Filomena Valentina , Rizzo Riccardo , Silvaroli Sara , Pierconti Francesco , Nanni Lorenzo
Published: February 2025

Background: Double-blind ureteral duplication (DBUD) is a rare condition in which one of the ureters in a duplicated system has no communication with the bladder or the renal pelvis.
Case Presentation: We present a neonatal case of DBUD in a newborn girl, associated with a non-functional kidney, initially identified as an abdominal cystic anechoic mass during antenatal ultrasound. A stepwise diagnostic and management approach was undertaken, including prenatal and postnatal imaging, multidisciplinary consultation, and surgical intervention.
Conclusion: Establishing a diagnosis of DBUD requires a systematic approach, incorporating comprehensive prenatal and postnatal assessments. This case is the first reported instance of DBUD diagnosed and treated in the neonatal period, highlighting the importance of early detection and intervention.
Inguinal hernia repair in newborns: A systematic literature review
Authors: Lamiri Rachida , Chebab Fatma , Kechiche Nahla , Mani Salma , Ben Hmida Hayet , El Ouaer Maroua , Chakroun Sawsen , Ksia Amine , Mekki Mongi , Belghith Mohsen , Hmidi Nahla , Sahnoun Lassaad
Published: February 2025

Background: Inguinal hernia (IH) is a prevalent condition in children necessitating surgical repair. However, determining the optimal timing (early or delayed) of inguinal herniotomy in neonates and preterm infants remains debatable. While open herniotomy traditionally serves as the standard inguinal hernia repair (IHR) procedure, laparoscopic repair has gained traction in recent decades. Our study aims to scrutinize both the optimal timing and approach to inguinal hernia repair in neonates and preterm infants.
Methods: We conducted a literature review on surgical repair of IH in neonates and preterm infants published between 1999 and 2024.
Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. All studies were retrospective, predominantly originating from Europe and the United States. Thirteen out of the 20 studies focused solely on preterm infants. Patient sample sizes ranged from 30 to 8037, totaling 14533 patients. Most studies indicate that delaying inguinal hernia repair in newborns and preterm infants does not increase the risk of incarceration or recurrence. Moreover, postponing repair until after discharge from the NICU correlates with a shorter postoperative hospital stay and notably diminishes the risk of long-term postoperative ventilator dependence, thereby mitigating potential perioperative complications. Hence, this approach seems safe for certain patients whose families can reliably access appropriate surgical care.
Conclusion: Significant disparities exist in the timing of inguinal hernia repair for newborns and preterm infants across various pediatric surgery centers. Current evidence suggests delayed inguinal hernia repair may be a viable option for selected patients. Regarding the optimal approach in this population, laparoscopy appears safe and effective.
Apple-Peel intestinal atresia: A systematic review
Authors: Laconi Francesco , Bischoff Charline , Michailos Theo , Okiemy M'Inserret Ongoly , Kremer Emmanuelle , Poli-Merol Marie-Laurence
Published: February 2025

Background: Apple-peel bowel atresia (APA) is rare and thus lacks proper management guidelines. This systematic review analyzes various interventions found in the literature for this type of atresia and highlights the outcomes of each intervention with their complications.
Methods: The relevant literature on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane was reviewed from November 2020 to January 2021. Articles published in English, French, Italian, or Spanish between 1990 and 2020, focusing on APA, were included. Data on demography, clinical profile, management provided, time to achieve full feed, length of hospital stay, complications, etc., reviewed.
Results: A total of 2495 articles were found, of which only 48 met the inclusion criteria. Among these, 125 patients were treated, with 15 deaths. The most frequently employed intervention was primary resection, with or without tapering, while ostomy creation was less commonly used. The most frequent complication across all techniques appeared to be cholestasis, followed by stenosis of the anastomosis and sepsis. Additionally, there were a total of 7 cases of short bowel syndrome (SBS).
Conclusion: The management of apple-peel atresia seems variable in various centers of different countries. The review failed to assess which interventions could lead to faster full enteral feeding. The distal part of the anastomosis must be considered as an active part in the resumption of bowel function.
Predictors of postoperative mortality among neonates after major-risk surgery: A one-year experience from a Tunisian hospital
Authors: Kammoun Manel , Jarraya Anouar , Bradai Hechem , Ketata Hind , Bouchaira Hasna , Cherif Olfa , Ben Hamed Amel , Safi Faiza , Mhiri Riadh
Published: February 2025

Background: Neonatal surgery in developing countries remains a high-risk modality p and its outcomes depend on various patient-related, system-related, and management-related factors. This study aims to describe our experience in managing newborns requiring surgical interventions and to investigate the primary predictors of postoperative mortality.
Methods: In this observational study, we included all newborns aged less than 28 days who underwent surgery in the pediatric surgery department under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation for major-risk surgery. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the outcome (survival or death) during the two months following surgery. Following a comparison of the two groups, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore predictors of perioperative mortality among neonates.
Results: Sixty-seven newborns were included in this study, with an early mortality incidence of 28.3%. Anesthesia management did not impact neonatal mortality. The main predictors of neonatal mortality were revision surgery [aOR=35.5; 95% CI: 1.33- 94.1], surgery duration ≥ 120 minutes [aOR=36.5; 95% CI: 1.48- 312], preoperative mechanical ventilation [aOR=3.88; 95% CI: 1.12- 30.8], and the occurrence of perioperative adverse events [aOR=5.7; 95% CI: 1–29.5] or postoperative surgical complications [aOR=32.5; 95% CI: 1.05–101].
Conclusion: The early mortality rate after major neonatal surgery remains high in our department. It appears that preoperative poor conditions can elevate the risk. Additionally, major-risk surgeries requiring prolonged procedures and revision surgery, along with the incidence of postoperative infections, significantly increase the risk of neonatal mortality.
Single-center experience of fetus in fetu: A case series
Authors: Habachi G , Sabolic I , Mesic M , Ksia A , Ben Fredj M , Ben Youssef S , Sfar S , Kechiche N , Lamiri R , Mekki M , Belghith M , Messoud M , Mosbahi S , Sahnoun L
Published: February 2025

Background: Fetus in fetu is a rare congenital malformation resulting from abnormal embryogenesis in a monochorionic diamniotic twinning gestation. This study aimed to document our experience with this anomaly in a developing country.
Methods: This retrospective analysis covers cases of fetus in fetu diagnosed at our institution between 1999 and 2023. Patients presenting with an intracorporeal mass containing a vertebral column and an appropriate arrangement of organs and limbs around the axis were included in the study.
Results: Five female patients with fetus in fetu were identified. The timing of diagnosis varied from incidental antenatal ultrasound discovery to postnatal abdominal mass presentation. The initial diagnosis involved radiological and serological investigations, confirmed by histopathology after surgical excision. The mean age at the time of surgery was 44 days. All patients underwent complete excision of the fetal mass, resulting in excellent postoperative outcomes and no recurrences.
Conclusion: Fetus in fetu is a pediatric rarity and must be distinguished from a teratoma mass, which carries a high malignant potential. Histological and genetic studies may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis and etiology of the disease.
On the curious association of diaphragmatic hernia and Urban-Rifkin-Davis Syndrome (Autosomal Recessive Cutis Laxa-1C): A collective review of 16 cases
Authors: Raveenthiran V , Darun Nagarajan , Pavithra Dhayalan , Gambhir Prakash
Published: February 2025

Background: Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type-1C is also known as Urban-Rifkin-Davis syndrome (URDS). It is known to affect cardiopulmonary, integumentary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and genitourinary systems. However, its frequent association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia has not previously been highlighted.
Case Presentation: A newborn male with cutis laxa presented with respiratory distress at birth. The cause of dyspnoea was perinatal strangulation of the stomach in hiatus hernia. After surgical repair of the hernia, his respiratory distress temporarily improved but kept recurring periodically by various mechanisms in sequence namely pulmonary hypertension, tracheomalacia, pulmonary emphysema and finally he succumbed to pneumothorax. Genetic analysis revealed his skin condition as autosomal recessive cutis laxa type-1C which is also known as URDS. Exome sequencing revealed a novel frameshift mutation c.426delC (p.Cys143Alafs*41) of the LTBP4 gene in the exon 5 of Chromosome 19. 
Conclusion: Out of the 28 cases of URDS reported in the world literature 57% had congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and 53% of them died during infancy. Such a high incidence of CDH is not observed in other subtypes of elastic disorders. Thus, congenital diaphragmatic defects appear to be a characteristic diagnostic feature of URDS in patients with cutis laxa.
Scrotoschisis: Review in clinical and embryological perspective of a rare anomaly
Authors: Fikri Erjan , Alnaz Ahmad Razi Maulana , Abdillah Aqyl Hanif , Az-Zahra Salsabila
Published: February 2025

Scrotoschisis is a rare congenital anomaly affecting the scrotum and testes, characterized clinically by a defect in the scrotal wall and extrusion of testicular tissue. This literature review is based on reports gathered from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords to explore the underlying basic science of this rare condition. The etiology and mechanism of scrotoschisis development remain largely unknown, with only theoretical explanations and a lack of empirical evidence regarding its pathogenesis, which is thought to be linked to embryological abnormalities during scrotal formation. Diagnosing scrotoschisis typically involves a straightforward visual examination of the extruded testes immediately after birth, although clinical presentations may vary, being either unilateral or bilateral. Surgical intervention, primarily through orchidopexy, is generally beneficial for repositioning the testes, closing defects, and preventing potential complications. The prognosis for individuals with this anomaly is generally favorable, although long-term testicular function has been inadequately documented. Further research, including additional clinical reports and investigations involving animal models or embryological studies, is warranted to enhance our understanding of this condition.
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates for emergency surgery- A challenge for the Anesthesiologist: A case series
Authors: Varshney Preeti Goyal , Sinharay Madhurima , Gupta Anshu , Pandey Maitree
Published: February 2025

Background: Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) newborns, defined as those with a birth weight of 1000 grams or less, present challenging anesthetic scenarios. Emergency surgeries in these infants elevate their vulnerability to various complications.
Case Presentation: We present a case series involving 5 ELBW neonates who underwent emergency surgery. Three of them were at a post-conceptual age (PCA) of ≥ 33 weeks and underwent procedures for congenital birth defects, including esophageal atresia, ileal atresia, and gastroschisis. The remaining two neonates, with a PCA of 29-30 weeks, underwent surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
Conclusion: The compromised physiology resulting from distinct disease processes and the underdeveloped systems of ELBW preterm neonates necessitate focused care and strategic anesthesia. This approach is crucial to mitigate morbidity and mortality risks in such vulnerable patients.
A rare presentation of antenatally diagnosed Wilms tumor: A case report
Authors: Kajal Pradeep , Bhutani Namita , Bharadwaj Bhaswati
Published: February 2025

Background: Wilms’ tumor is the most common renal malignancy in children, with a peak incidence between 1 and 4 years of age. The prevalence of antenatal renal tumors is scarce, around 7 in 100,000 live births. We report a case of an antenatally diagnosed Wilms tumor.
Case Presentation: A 2-month-old infant presented with a right renal lump since birth. The antenatal USG done at 35 weeks of gestation, showed an ill-defined heteroechoic area of size 57.3X29.9 mm at the upper pole of the right kidney, with few cystic areas with increased echogenicity. A right nephroureterectomy was done. It was WT1 and Vimentin positive and focally positive for Cyclin D1, whereas negative for Desmin, SMA, and PAX8, thus confirming the histopathological diagnosis of Wilms’ tumor.
Conclusion: Antenatal Wilms’ tumor is rarely detected. A high degree of suspicion and active investigations should be conducted in antenatal and immediate neonatal periods for prompt decision-making and better outcomes.
Unveiling neonatal intestinal obstruction due to total colonic atresia: A case report
Authors: Arbi Fawad Mueen , Anjum Muhammad Zulfiqar , Iqbal Zeeshan , Fatima Seerat
Published: February 2025

Background: Total colonic atresia is an uncommon congenital anomaly associated with neonatal intestinal obstruction, often necessitating prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. Understanding the etiology and optimal management strategies is crucial for ensuring favorable outcomes.
Case Presentation: We present a case of a full-term male neonate with total colonic atresia, who presented with failure to pass meconium, abdominal distension, and vomiting. Diagnostic imaging confirmed intestinal obstruction, leading to surgical exploration revealing an atretic colon extending from the Ileocolic Junction to the Rectosigmoid Junction. An ileostomy was performed, followed by meticulous postoperative care, resulting in a successful resolution of symptoms and discharge from the hospital.
Conclusion: Timely recognition and staged surgical management are paramount in addressing total colonic atresia, emphasizing the importance of early intervention for optimal patient outcomes. Long-term follow-up and comprehensive care are essential to ensure the overall well-being of affected newborns.
Attrition rate among patients of Anorectal Malformations on colostomy: A matter of concern
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Dey Sauradeep , Damdoo Ashvin , Kumar Shishir , Manchanda Vivek
Published: February 2025

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARM) are correctable congenital malformations with good prognosis. Traditionally it is managed by staged procedure, with diversion colostomy, followed by definitive procedure and stoma reversal in the third stage. It is recommended to complete all stages of repair by 6 months of age for better long-term continence. We had fewer patients coming for definitive surgery and stoma reversal than the patients undergoing colostomy for ARM, so we planned this study to find out the attrition rate among patients undergoing stoma for ARM and explore the reasons for the same.
Methods: An observational study was conducted in the Pediatric Surgery department of Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, New Delhi. All the case records of patients with ARM who underwent diversion stoma at our center from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrieved. Further follow-up case records were retrieved with the same Unique Health Identification Number (UHID). When the definitive surgery/ stoma closure was not found in the hospital records till December 2022, the parents were contacted telephonically to find out if the children had undergone definitive surgery at some other center, were awaiting surgery, or had died. The attrition was calculated as the difference between the number of patients for whom a stoma was done and the number of patients who underwent definitive surgery and stoma closure till the data acquisition.
Results: A total of 105 patients were included in the study with male preponderance. Colostomy was done for 73.33% of patients in the neonatal period (77/105). The cloacal malformation was found in 7 (6.67%), rectal atresia in 6 (5.71%), and 9 had congenital pouch colon (8.57%). The age at stoma creation for ARM ranged from 1 day to 9.3 years (mean 0.67 ±1.96 years). Cardiac and renal anomalies were among the major associations. 28 of the neonates (26.67%) had stomal complications. Stomal issues were reported in 32.4%. Mortality was reported in 37 patients (35.24%) including 35 neonates. The attrition rate in our study was found to be 38.24% (26 out of 68). Factors contributing to attrition range from anemia and protracted waiting lists to the anesthesiologist’s pursuit of optimal patient stabilization, alongside familial or personal matters faced by caregivers.
Conclusion: There was a high attrition rate in operated patients of ARM in whom stoma was constructed. The main reasons for the same were anemia and a long surgical waiting list.
Situs ambiguous with duodenal atresia in a neonate: A case report with literature review
Authors: Edan Obay
Published: February 2025

Background: Situs ambiguous is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by an unusual and irregular distribution of the major visceral organs and vessels within the chest and abdomen. In this condition, the organs are arranged in a way that cannot be classified as either situs inversus or situs solitus. We report this case due to the rarity of this anomaly and its uncommon association with duodenal atresia in a neonate.
Case Presentation: A full-term newborn female presented with repeated bilious vomiting and failure to pass meconium for five days. An erect abdominal X-ray revealed a double-bubble sign in the left hemiabdomen, and a CT scan confirmed an abnormal relationship between the liver and stomach. Operative exploration confirmed the diagnosis of situs ambiguous with duodenal atresia, which was treated with a diamond duodenoduodenostomy.
Conclusion: Situs ambiguous is a rare variant of situs anomaly with few reported cases worldwide. It has two subtypes: left and right isomerism, based on the anatomy of the spleen. Clinically, it can present with features of intestinal obstruction when associated with duodenal atresia.
Patent vitello-intestinal duct with a rare presentation of reverse intussusception with appendicular agenesis: A case report
Authors: Singh Aman Kumar , Gogoi Manoj , Bharadwaj Bhaswati
Published: February 2025

Background: Vitello-intestinal duct (VID) is found in approximately 2% of newborns, with patency in about 6%. Failure of obliteration leads to some anomalies, most commonly Meckel’s diverticulum. Protrusion of the small bowel is one of the rare presentations.
Case Presentation: A 10-month-old male infant presented with a prolapsed, irreducible polypoid-shaped loop of intestine protruding from the anterior abdomen. On exploratory laparotomy, patent VID was confirmed with appendicular agenesis and reverse intussusception. Gangrenous bowel was resected, followed by end-to-end ileo-ileal anastomosis, with a favorable outcome.
Conclusion: Patent VID with ileal intussusception and prolapse is a rare entity, which can be easily diagnosed clinically. A high index of suspicion is needed for any associated gut anomaly in these cases, like appendicular agenesis.
Unveiling the fungal frontier: Exploring pediatric surgical cases with bowel mucormycosis through a retrospective lens
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Manchanda Vivek , Gupta Chhabi Ranu , Khatri Arti
Published: February 2025

Background: Bowel mucormycosis is common among high-risk surgical neonates and has high fatality. This study was done to study the clinical profile and outcome of pediatric surgical patients operated at our center who had bowel mucormycosis on histology.
Methods: It was a retrospective observational study. The data was collected from the medical records department. The files of surgical patients with tissue diagnosis of bowel mucormycosis operated at Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya from June 2018 to May 2021 were retrieved. The data was tabulated on Microsoft Excel sheet®.
Results: A total of 11 surgical patients with bowel mucormycosis on histology were traced. The study had male preponderance. The majority were neonates and had low platelet counts with raised CRP levels. All but one expired, with severe sepsis and septic shock as major causes of death.
Conclusion: The invasive mucormycosis is more common among neonates (but older children are not immune) with male preponderance. It may affect any part of GIT and the counts and sepsis screen may be normal. It has a high fatality rate.
Pharmacist‑Based Interventions Analysis to Reduce Drug-Related Problems for Surgery Patients
Authors: Dewangan Tripti , Vaishnaw Aayush
Published: February 2025

The misuse of drugs is detrimental and prevalent among hospitalized patients. Patients admitted to general surgery wards typically face a significant risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs). This Randomized Controlling Trails (RCT) sought to evaluate the efficacy of a healthcare program on surgical wards for identifying and mitigating DRPs compared to regular healthcare. This research was performed in standard surgical wards encompassing gastrointestinal, arterial, and orthopedic procedures at a central teaching facility for six months. Enrolled participants were randomized into treatment or controlling categories. Medical pharmacists evaluated participants’ DRPs and proposed solutions to address the detected DRPs in the treatment category.
The treatment category (n=75) and the controlling category (n=70) had an average age of 58.5 years, with 53.0% of participants being female. 1100 DRPs were detected, averaging 9.2 per participant (intervention category, 9.1 ± 3.5; control category, 9.5 ± 3.5). The often recognized DRPs comprised concerns about safety (25.4%) and effectiveness (18.5%). The adoption rate of pharmacists' suggestions by doctors was notably high at 95%, accompanied by a DRP corrective rate of 60.5% throughout hospitalization. The efficacy of pharmacological care was demonstrated by attaining medical goals and preventing mortality, achieving 69.3% in the treatment category, in contrast to 20.4% in the controlling category (p<0.001). This research demonstrates that DRPs are prevalent amongst surgery recipients, particularly concerning drug effectiveness and safety. Pharmacists' suggestions significantly aided in addressing the majority of reported DRPs and enhanced medication management for general surgical participants
An Analytical Model for Clinical Pharmacist Interventions in Identifying and Resolving Drug-Related Problems at Pediatric Hospital Patients
Authors: Singh Chiranjeev , Ali Syed Sabir Ali Syed Sajid
Published: February 2025

Clinical pharmacists offer valuable services to people of all ages, but their advantages for pediatric (PD) hospitalized individuals are less established. Five libraries were queried utilizing the keywords 'clinical pharmacy,' 'PD,' 'hospital,' and 'interventions' to identify studies involving PD children in hospital environments that detailed pharmacist-initiated actions. Following the full-text review, the searching technique discovered many articles that met the requirements. The analytical model was utilized to evaluate the eligible publications. Medical pharmacist treatments significantly enhanced PD Patient (PDP) care. Physicians detected prescription errors that encompassed overdosing, under-dosing, missing doses, deficiencies in drug history, asthma, and near-misses. Treatments aimed at rectifying these mistakes were favorably accepted and adopted by physicians, achieving an average approval rate of over 96%. Education began by clinical pharmacists led to enhanced comprehension of medications, increased adherence, greater satisfaction with patients, and better management of long-term medical diseases. The analytical model determined that pharmacy technicians in PD wards mitigate drug-related issues and enhance patient results. The advantages of pharmacist participation are most evident during ward visits, as they swiftly detect drug problems in the prescription phase and offer immediate counsel and suggestions to prescribers.
Assessing Pediatric Drugs' Safety and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Saharan Dr. Priyanka , Srinivasa Rao Varri
Published: February 2025

The public health issue of patient safety and effectiveness is becoming more widely acknowledged. Most medications do not come in dosage forms that are appropriate for giving to children. Most therapies used to prevent or treat illnesses in infants and children are medications that were created and researched for use in adults. They might not work the best and/or are administered in unappetizing dosage forms, which eventually results in low patient adherence and insufficient medication exposure. Among the most frequent medical mistakes are those involving medications, and research indicates that children are especially susceptible. Any stage of the drug procedure is susceptible to errors. Medication errors pose significant risks to pediatric patients, leading to adverse drug events, hospitalizations, and even fatalities. The outpatient pharmacy plays a crucial role in ensuring accurate dispensing and administration of medications. However, despite existing safety measures, medication errors continue to occur.  The comprehensive review of the safety and effectiveness of pediatric drugs is the goal of this paper. In order to offer evidence-based guidance for clinical practice, this systematic review and meta-analysis attempts to assess the safety and effectiveness of frequently prescribed pediatric drugs.
Assessing the effectiveness of state-level pharmacy laws on opioid prescribing practices
Authors: Shrivastava Pranjul , Syed Sabir Ali Syed Sajid Ali
Published: February 2025

Despite their positive impacts on health, medications can have negative side effects because of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Physicians, pharmacists, and nursing staff have a duty to use caution while prescribing medication. Patients are becoming more conscious of drug-related issues in today's consumer-driven world, and they want to be included in the decision-making process for many elements of their prescription and health care. This study concludes that polypharmacy, a history of bad drug responses, and coexisting illnesses are independent predictors of adverse drug reactions. Elderly people are more susceptible to adverse drug reactions due to comorbidity and a higher number of medications. Although not statistically significant, this study indicated that male gender, age, and comorbidity are associated with a higher risk of adverse drug responses (ADRs). It also implies that more research is necessary to determine whether there is a clear link between male sex and adverse drug reactions. The most important and noteworthy stage in drug safety is adverse drug reaction monitoring, which lowers the morbidity and death associated with ADRs. When prescription medication, especially to vulnerable age groups, healthcare providers should be more aware of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and take all factors into account.
Evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacist-led interventions on medication adherence in chronic disease management
Authors: Sahu Prerana , Patel Ritesh
Published: February 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health concern due to its increasing prevalence, multiple prescribed medications, multiple emergency visits and hospital admissions that is a burden on healthcare resources. The study was conducted to assess the rate & pattern of occurrence of drug related problems (DRPs) and clinical and economic outcomes of pharmacist interventions in CKD patients. This was a randomized, controlled, prospective, open labeled study that included patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease of any stage who are admitted to a tertiary care hospital or visiting the ambulatory dialysis centre. Test group were actively followed by intervening pharmacist to identify DRPs and necessary changes to drug therapy and/or monitoring parameters were performed. A direct cost associated with pre-determined variables like medication prescribed, lab investigation/s ordered, length of hospital stay and adverse drug effects per admitted inpatient between control and interventional groups was evaluated and compared. The control group received usual medical care provided by healthcare professionals. Clinical pharmacist interventions can significantly improve disease control measures, improve health related quality of life, and reduce costs of drug therapy. Employing clinical pharmacists in hospitals is beneficial to patients as well as can reduce healthcare costs.
Evaluating the effectiveness of digital health interventions on reducing hospital readmissions in heart failure patients
Authors: Saharan Priyanka , Srinivasa Rao Varri
Published: February 2025

Heart failure (HF) remains one of the leading causes of hospitalization and readmissions, posing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Digital health interventions (DHIs), which utilize mobile applications, telemonitoring, and other digital tools to track and manage patient health, have emerged as promising strategies for reducing hospital readmissions in heart failure patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of DHIs in reducing the frequency of hospital readmissions among individuals with heart failure. A cohort of heart failure patients was randomized into two groups: one receiving standard care and the other receiving a digital health intervention consisting of remote monitoring, personalized feedback, and educational content delivered through a mobile app. Data was collected on readmission rates, hospital stays, clinical outcomes, and patient engagement with the digital platform over a 12-month period. The study found that the group receiving the digital health intervention experienced a 25% reduction in readmission rates compared to the control group. Furthermore, patients in the intervention group showed improved self-management behaviors, better adherence to prescribed treatment regimens, and improved quality of life. These findings suggest that digital health interventions can play a significant role in reducing hospital readmissions for heart failure patients, improving clinical outcomes, and lowering healthcare costs.
The role of gut microbiome in personalized medicine and chronic disease prevention
Authors: Kumar Sahu Deepak , Srinivasa Rao Varri
Published: February 2025

The gut microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. Emerging research highlights the significant influence of the gut microbiota on chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory disorders. Personalized medicine has increasingly focused on microbiome modulation through diet, probiotics, and prebiotics to tailor treatments specific to an individual's microbiome composition. This approach has demonstrated promising results in mitigating disease progression and improving therapeutic outcomes. This paper reviews the gut microbiome's role in personalized medicine, with an emphasis on its application in chronic disease prevention and treatment strategies. Key challenges and future opportunities for microbiome-based interventions are also discussed, underscoring its transformative potential in healthcare.
Expression of mIRNA-142-3P in Peripheral Blood From Active and Latent Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Andi Sitti Nur Afiah , Uleng Bahrun , Muhammad Nasrum Massi , Irawaty Djaharuddin
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to asses miRNA-142-3p expression of active and latent pulmonary tuberculosis. 33 people with active Tuberculosis (TB), 36 household contacts who tested positive for IFN-released assay (IGRA), and 39 healthy controls made up this case-control study. Latent pulmonary tuberculosis infection in household contacts was identified using an IGRA based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test. miRNA-142-3p expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Data analysis used analysed of variance and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The results showed that miRNA-142-3p expression differed significantly between active TB, latent TB and healthy participans (control p=<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that miRNA-142-3p expression had 66.7% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity with an area under the ROC curve  (AUC) of  0.725 ( 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.606 – 0.844) in active TB. The miRNA-142-3p ROC curve had 63.9% sensitivity and 51.3% specificity with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.603 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.475 - 0.730) for laten TB. miRNA-142-3p expression was increased in patients with active pulmonary TB. Therefore, miRNA-142-3p represents a potential biomarker active pulmonary TB but not to latent TB.
Significant Analysis of Heart Disease Detection Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
Authors: Varsha Varsha , Maran P. Sardar
Published: February 2025

Lifestyle changes affect human health significantly, leading to heart disease and Sudden death in patients. The Healthcare Industry faces multiple challenges in managing and treating the increasing number of patients according to their disease severity level. The challenges for medical experts include early identification of symptoms & timely treatment to save them. The non-availability of efficient, effective, and automatic screening methods and limited medical data analytics augment these challenges. Some current medical applications have stated that Artificial intelligence algorithms provide efficient outcomes in predicting heart diseases. This paper conducted a detailed survey on various artificial intelligence algorithms used for heart disease prediction from various related datasets. The survey aims to identify the limitations and factual problem statements and identify solutions.