bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A methodological framework to monitor the performance of virtual learning communities
Authors: Corallo Angelo , Maggio Marco De , Grippa Francesca , Passiante Giuseppina
Published: August 2010

This article presents a methodological framework developed to monitor the evolution of virtual learning communities intended as open communities of peers, tutors, and mentors from industry and academia. The proposed framework is described through an explorative case. It has been applied to observe and supervise a virtual learning community built around a Master's program intended to create “e‐Business Solutions Engineers.” The framework is based on two dimensions of analysis: individual growth and team growth. The first is a function of personal development and satisfaction, and the second depends on social networking dynamics and cooperative content creation. The analysis of data, collected during 10 months of exchanged e‐mails and five monthly Web surveys, has been validated through interviews with key informants and through the involvement of academic and industrial partners in the formal assessment of the learners' performance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Why are clusters beneficial? A review of the literature
Authors: Jimenéz Karla Paola , Junquera Beatriz
Published: August 2010

The aim of this work is to shed some light on the origin of some of the more important advantages of clusters. To do so, we will address the heterogeneity of the advantages of clusters by analyzing the different contributions found in the literature. Following our analysis of the literature, we can see that, first of all, different advantages are derived from the region where the cluster is located and, second, the cluster provides the businesses that comprise it with important advantages. Among the first advantages we can identify are trust, access to infrastructures, and incentives and performance quantification. The second group of advantages consists of access to information and specialized resources at a lower cost, improvement of human capital, flexibility, creation of new businesses, and innovation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic TG studies on the thermal decomposition of PVC plastisols
Authors: Marcilla A. , Beltrán M.
Published: August 2010

The kinetics involved in the thermal decomposition of PVC plastisols and unmixed PVC‐plasticizer systems were compared using dynamic thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Three kinetic models were tested. In all cases thermograms obtained at different heating rates were simultaneously correlated with the same constants. Significant differences indicative of PVC‐plasticizer (DOP) interactions were found between the plastisol systems and the unmixed PVC‐plasticizer systems. When the plasticizer is in the paste, its evolution suffers a delay with respect to the case when PVC and plasticizer were separated. The activation energy for DOP evolution takes the value 109.2 in the first case and 81.6 KJ/mol in the second case. PVC decomposition takes place at lower temperatures when it is in the paste, and its activation energy is 177.4 and 206.7 KJ/mol for PVC in plastisol and unmixed PVC, respectively.
Novel micaceous reinforcing fillers with fire and smoke retarding qualities
Authors: Schott N. R. , Rahman M. , Perez M. A.
Published: August 2010

This paper describes Miconite (hydrated potassium, magnesium aluminosilicate) and explains the processability and properties of Miconite‐filled propylene homopolymer. With particles averaging 2.5 and 44 microns, this study found the compound processability, as given by its melt index, unchanged for filler loadings lower than 35%. Tensile strength of the original polymer doubled with the addition of the first 10% of Miconite and stayed constant for all loadings tested up to 60%. Tensile modulus increased linearly with filler loading. Elongation and impact behavior showed negligible decreases for loadings lower than 30%. Deterioration by ultraviolet and/or heat‐aging was negative. Miconite provides matrix materials with fire and smoke retarding qualities.
Flame retardant performance of a modified aluminum trihydroxide with increased thermal stability
Authors: Stinson John M. , Horn William E.
Published: August 2010

A modified form of aluminum trihydroxide has been synthesized that is thermally stable to approximately 350°C. Flame retardant and smoke generation performance in low melting temperature thermoplastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and ethylene vinylacetate, are comparable to unmodified ATH. The increased thermal stability also allows this material to be used in thermoplastics with higher melting temperatures, such as polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyphenylene oxide, where ATH cannot be used.
Aging of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6,6 automobile underhood parts
Authors: Bigg D. M. , Kanellopoulos V.
Published: August 2010

Parts used under the hood of automobiles are increasingly made from polymeric materials. These parts are often exposed to relatively high temperatures and corrosive chemicals, exposure conditions that can affect their long‐term performance. This paper provides quantitative information on the combined effect of high temperatures and corrosive chemicals on the long‐term performance of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6,6 parts. Glass fiber reinforced nylon 6,6 is one of the more widely used polymers in underhood applications. Parts made from this material include radiator headers, oil caps, and, more recently, intake manifolds. In this project the in‐service environmental conditions imposed on an oil cap and radiator were monitored, and the exposed parts examined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Data taken from the exposed parts were compared to comparably laboratory aged samples. The basic finding was that glass fiber reinforced nylon 6,6 parts should have an excellent survival rate in the parts investigated.
Biofibers as reinforcing fillers in thermoplastic composites
Authors: Schneider J. P. , Myers G. E. , Clemons C. M. , English B. W.
Published: August 2010

Four biofiber materials were compared against wood flour for their ability to act as reinforcing fillers in melt‐blended composites with polypropylene as the matrix polymer. The four materials were a waste wood composite (mixture of plywood, particleboard, and fiberboard), kenaf core, a waste jute–polyester composite panel, and waste newspaper. The composites were prepared either by extrusion or by blending in a high intensity thermokinetic mixer (K‐mixer), and mechanical properties were determined on injection molded specimens. Although some property differences were observed compared to wood flour/polypropylene composites, it appeared that any of the four materials might substitute for wood flour if local supply and cost circumstances offered advantages. However, waste newspaper clearly provided the best balance of mechanical properties relative to the other three test materials or wood flour. Relative to wood flour, waste newspaper filler increased unnotched impact by over 30 percent and flexure and tensile strengths by about 25 percent.
Comparative study of organofunctional water‐borne silanes as couplants in nylon‐66 composites
Authors: Zolotnitsky M. , Steinmetz J. R.
Published: August 2010

Use of silane coupling agents enables the significant improvement of the performance of thermoplastic composites. Water‐borne silane coupling agents may offer a more environmentally friendly alternative. Compositions of nylon 66 with silane and water‐borne silane treated mineral fillers: clay, talc, mica and wollastonite were prepared and comparatively evaluated. Filler dispersion, mechanical properties, and thermoplastic matrix‐mineral substrate interface were studied. It may be gathered from the results of the study that water‐borne silanes by themselves or in combination with some additives exhibit equal or better performance than regular silanes.
Polyvinyl chloride pipe degradation studies in natural environments
Authors: Hussain Ikram , Hamid S. Halim , Khan Javaid H.
Published: August 2010

PVC pipes are generally stabilized with lead, tin, or calcium‐zinc based additives. The performance of PVC products in outdoor applications is highly dependent on the types of stabilizers used and environmental factors such as UV radiation, temperature, humidity, rain, dust, etc. This study involves two‐year exposure of a lead‐stabilized and titanium dioxide‐pigmented PVC pipe at Dhahran (Saudi Arabia) and Miami, Florida. The white pigmented PVC pipes are mostly used outdoor for low pressure potable water services, irrigation in greenhouses, and electrical conduits in Saudi Arabia. The PVC pipe formulation stabilized with Pb‐stabilizer provides good light stability and is also widely used for potable water pipes. The pipes are exposed not only to the natural environment during outdoor usage but also to high UV doses, and to high temperatures during transportation, installation, and long‐term storage. Changes in the exposed pipe were monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetery (DSC), and mechanical properties testing. The data show that the PVC pipe lost 50 percent of its elongation at break within 12 to 16 months at Dhahran and more than 24 months in Florida during outdoor exposure. The growth of carbonyl groups and the lowering of the glass transition temperature (Tg) was also observed during this exposure period. The extents of degradation of the PVC pipe exposed at the Dhahran and Florida sites were compared.
Indoor air quality and the emissions of VOCs from interior products
Authors: Tshudy James A.
Published: August 2010

Indoor air quality (IAQ) has developed into an important environmental and health concern. IAQ legislation has been introduced in the U.S. Congress. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) comprise a part of the total concern about IAQ. Types and sources of pollutants contributing to IAQ are identified. Some strategies for reducing VOCs in indoor air are provided, and various sources of VOCs are identified. Various means of reducing VOC emissions from products are presented. Government regulatory agencies have begun to introduce legislation focusing on regulation of IAQ. Discussed is how these regulations, some proposed legislation, and customer concerns will affect both product manufacturers and their suppliers.
How to obtain maximum underwriters laboratories coverage
Authors: Hattori Kiyo , Morford Scott , Delaney Duane T.
Published: August 2010

Normally one seeks Underwriters Laboratories (UL) approval for one or two specific products. This paper describes how approvals were obtained for a very wide range of filled polypropylenes. Coverage included: talc or calcium carbonate fillers, all filler contents from 10% to 50%, carrier resins from homopolymer to high impact copolymer, minimum thickness down to 1.47 mm (0.058 inch), all colors, and a choice of a single product or a blend of filled and unfilled resin. This gives the customer the widest choice of UL‐approved filled polypropylenes.
Intestine-Specific, Oral Delivery of Captopril/Montmorillonite: Formulation and Release Kinetics
Authors: Madurai Suguna Lakshmi , Joseph Stella Winnarasi , Mandal Asit Baran , Tsibouklis John , Reddy Boreddy SR
Published: August 2010

The intercalation of captopril (CP) into the interlayers of montmorillonite (MMT) affords an intestine-selective drug delivery system that has a captopril-loading capacity of up to ca. 14 %w/w and which exhibits near-zero-order release kinetics.
Aesthetic package design: A behavioral, neural, and psychological investigation
Authors: Reimann Martin , Zaichkowsky Judith , Neuhaus Carolin , Bender Thomas , Weber Bernd
Published: August 2010

In four experiments, this research sheds light on aesthetic experiences by rigorously investigating behavioral, neural, and psychological properties of package design. We find that aesthetic packages significantly increase the reaction time of consumers' choice responses; that they are chosen over products with well‐known brands in standardized packages, despite higher prices; and that they result in increased activation in the nucleus accumbens and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, according to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results suggest that reward value plays an important role in aesthetic product experiences. Further, a closer look at psychometric and neuroimaging data finds that a paper‐and‐pencil measure of affective product involvement correlates with aesthetic product experiences in the brain. Implications for future aesthetics research, package designers, and product managers are discussed.
Essays upon some Controverted Questions
Authors: Huxley Thomas Henry
Published: August 2010

Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–95) became known as 'Darwin's bulldog' because of his forceful and energetic support for Darwin's theory, most famously at the legendary British Association meeting in Oxford in 1860. In fact, Huxley had some reservations about aspects of the theory, especially the element of gradual, continuous progress, but in public he was unwavering in his allegiance, saying in a letter to Darwin 'As for your doctrines I am prepared to go to the Stake if requisite'. In his 1892 Essays upon Some Controverted Questions, Huxley collected some of his previously published writings, of which the titles alone give some flavour of his pugnacious stance in debate: 'The interpreters of Genesis and the interpreters of Nature'; 'Science and pseudo-science'; 'Agnosticism and Christianity'. The passion for scientific truth which underlies everything he writes is well demonstrated in this lively and still-relevant collection.
Royalty in the New World
Authors: Cornwallis Kinahan
Published: August 2010

Through his affiliation with the New York Herald, the young English-born writer Kinahan Cornwallis (1839–1917), was afforded the opportunity to witness the nineteen-year-old Prince of Wales's 1860 highly successful tour of Canada and America more closely than any other individual outside the royal party. He chronicled his observations and depicted the progress of the first visit of a member of the British royal family to the Americas, and the resulting book was quickly published in New York. Cornwallis wrote that his great aim in recounting the travels of His Royal Highness was to provide the most accurate account of the tour, a task for which he considered himself uniquely qualified. He expected his volume to be received with equal enthusiasm, and the events to be accorded equal historical significance, in both England and America, perhaps even strengthening the deeply rooted bonds between the people of both nations.
Rural Rides in the Counties
Authors: Cobbett William
Published: August 2010

With a reported 8,000 people attending his funeral in 1835, William Cobbett (1763–1835) is remembered as one of the most vocal and committed champions of political reform in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain. Returning to England in 1800 from self-imposed political exile, Cobbett was deeply shocked by the advances of the Industrial Revolution. The rural culture to which he was devoted was being destroyed and, a truly modern journalist, he suddenly desired 'to see the country, to see the farmers at home, and to see the labourers in the fields'. Cobbett rode through the towns and villages of England, giving voice to the plight of the oppressed labouring classes. His observations, first published in serial form between 1822 and 1826, were titled Rural Rides. They are an elegy to traditional agriculture, and one of the most extensive social commentaries ever published on agrarian life in the early nineteenth century.
On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences
Authors: Somerville Mary
Published: August 2010

Mary Somerville (1780–1872) would have been a remarkable woman in any age, but as an acknowledged leading mathematician and astronomer at a time when the education of most women was extremely restricted, her achievement was extraordinary. Laplace famously told her that 'There have been only three women who have understood me. These are yourself, Mrs Somerville, Caroline Herschel and a Mrs Greig of whom I know nothing.' Mary Somerville was in fact Mrs Greig. After (as she herself said) translating Laplace's work 'from algebra into common language', she wrote On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences (1834). Her intention was to demonstrate the remarkable tendency of modern scientific discoveries 'to simplify the laws of nature, and to unite detached branches by general principles.' This and her next book, the two-volume Physical Geography, also reissued in this series, were enormously influential both within the scientific community and beyond.
An Elementary Course of Infinitesimal Calculus
Authors: Lamb Horace
Published: August 2010

Sir Horace Lamb (1849–1934) the British mathematician, wrote a number of influential works in classical physics. A pupil of Stokes and Clerk Maxwell, he taught for ten years as the first professor of mathematics at the University of Adelaide before returning to Britain to take up the post of professor of physics at the Victoria University of Manchester (where he had first studied mathematics at Owens College). As a teacher and writer his stated aim was clarity: 'somehow to make these dry bones live'. The first edition of this work was published in 1897, the third revised edition in 1919, and a further corrected version just before his death. This edition, reissued here, remained in print until the 1950s. As with Lamb's other textbooks, each section is followed by examples.
Essay on the Theory of the Earth
Authors: Cuvier Georges
Published: August 2010

Essay on the Theory of the Earth was the last work of the scientific writer Robert Kerr who translated it from the introductory essay of George Cuvier's four-volume Recherches sur les ossements fossiles de quadrupèdes. Before its first publication in 1813, the essay was partly expanded by the geologist and natural historian Robert Jameson who wrote a preface and included extensive notes on mineralogy. Using geological evidence as its principal source of enquiry, Cuvier's essay attempts to address the questions of the origins of the human race, the formation of the earth, and the correlation between incomplete fossil remains and existing species of animals. Extremely influential in its own time, the essay remains a source of considerable insight into the early development of geological research, examining issues of continued significance today.
Astronomy and Cosmogony
Authors: Jeans James
Published: August 2010

This second edition, originally published in 1929, is an extensive survey at the forefront of cosmology and astronomy with particular reference to the physical state of matter, the structure, composition and life-cycle of stars, and the superstructures of nebulae and galaxies. Intended as a rigourously argued scientific treatise, every effort was made by Jeans to render the results of far-reaching advancements in cosmology intelligible to a broad range of readers.
Physics and Philosophy
Authors: Jeans James
Published: August 2010

Originally published in 1942, this book discusses an emerging physical science that brought with it a fresh message as to the fundamental nature of the world, and of the possibilities of human free will in particular. The aim of the book is to explore that territory, which forms a borderland between physics and philosophy. The author seeks to estimate the philosophical significance of physical developments, and the interest of his enquiry extends far beyond technical physics and philosophy. Some of the questions raised touch everyday human life closely: can we have knowledge of the world outside us other than that what we can gain by observation and experiment? Is the world spiritual and psychological or material in its ultimate essence; is it better likened to a thought or to a machine? Are we endowed with free will, or are we part of a vast machine that must follow its course until it finally runs down?
Science and Music
Authors: Jeans James
Published: August 2010

Sir James Jeans has used his remarkable gifts of exposition to set out all that is relevant in the science of acoustics to the art of music. He offers a simple but precise account (illustrated with well-chosen photographs and diagrams) of the anatomical origin and workings of the human ear; the nature of sound vibrations; simple tones and complex sounds; the principles and operation of musical instruments; harmony and the musical scale; the effects of music on men and animals; and the practical problems of acoustical design. Scientists who appreciate music, musicians with an interest in science and laymen who care for both, will thoroughly enjoy this book.
The New Background of Science
Authors: Jeans James
Published: August 2010

Published in 1934 as a second edition to James Jeans' popular work on the general understanding of the physical universe, The New Background of Science took advantage of a comparatively 'quiescent' period in physical investigation when fundamental theories and findings gained wide acceptance. Jeans' aim in writing this book was to depict this 'situation in broad outline and in the simplest possible terms. I have drawn my picture against a roughly sketched background of rudimentary philosophy... because I believe, in common with most scientific workers, that without a background of this kind we can neither see our fresh knowledge as a consistent whole, nor appreciate its significance to the full.'
The Old Printer and the Modern Press
Authors: Knight Charles
Published: August 2010

Charles Knight's The Old Printer was first published in 1854 and is partly a biography of William Caxton and partly an account of the development of the printing press and its role in English literature from the fifteenth century. William Caxton was not only the first printer in England, but also a prolific translator and importer of books. He established a printing press at Westminster and among the books printed there were Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and The Subtil Histories and Fables of Esop. Knight describes Elizabethan reading habits and traces the development of the types of books, papers and magazines that were most popular with the reading public in the mid-nineteenth century. The author is particularly interested in the availability of cheap popular literature as he regards this as an indication of the democratisation of society.
Life and Letters of Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb, O. M., Litt. D.
Authors: Jebb Caroline , Verrall A. W.
Published: August 2010

Sir Richard Jebb (1841–1905) was the outstanding British classical scholar of the second half of the nineteenth century. This memoir, published by his widow in 1907, gives a rounded picture of the man chiefly remembered today for his editions of the plays of Sophocles, but who was also instrumental in founding the British Schools of Archaeology in Athens and Rome and the British Academy, and who as a Member of Parliament for Cambridge University played a significant part in the politics of his day, especially in educational reform at both school and university level. Extracts from his letters and speeches show the energy and enthusiasm which he brought to his many roles, and a sense of humour which may not be too evident in his published work but was remembered by his students as a feature of the lectures which secured his reputation as a great teacher.
On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures
Authors: Babbage Charles
Published: August 2010

In this famous book, first published in 1832, Charles Babbage (1791–1871), the mathematician, philosopher, engineer and inventor who originated the concept of a programmable computer, surveys manufacturing practices and discusses the political, moral and economic factors affecting them. The book met with hostility from the publishing industry on account of Babbage's analysis of the manufacture and sale of books. Babbage describes the many different printing processes of the time, analyses the costs of book production and explains the publication process, before discussing the 'too large' profit margins of booksellers. Babbage succeeded in his aim 'to avoid all technical terms, and to describe in concise language', making this an eminently readable historical account. His analysis and promotion of mechanisation and efficient 'division of labour' (still known as the 'Babbage principle') continue to resonate strongly for modern industrial engineering.
A History of Greece
Authors: Grote George
Published: August 2010

Widely acknowledged as the most authoritative Victorian study of ancient Greece, George Grote's twelve-volume work, begun in 1846, established the view of Greek history which still prevails in textbooks and popular accounts of the ancient world today. Grote employs direct and clear language to take the reader from the earliest times of legendary Greece to the death of Alexander and his generation, drawing upon epic poetry and legend, and examining the growth and decline of the Athenian democracy. The work explains Greek political constitutions and philosophy, and interwoven throughout are the important but outlying adventures of the Sicilian and Italian Greeks. Volume 2 continues with the legendary age of the Greeks, paying special attention to the Iliad and Odyssey, and begins the story of historical Greece, setting the geographical and chronological coordinates and introducing the reader to the world of the Peloponnesus.
History of the Life and Reign of Richard the Third
Authors: Gairdner James
Published: August 2010

No English king has been the subject of more heated debate than Richard III. In this 1898 revised edition of his classic biography, Gairdner attempts to produce a more balanced analysis of the sources than most earlier writers. While largely accepting the anti-Yorkist position shown by Thomas More and Shakespeare, he does reject some of the crimes attributed to Richard, such as the murder of his brother George, Duke of Clarence. He states at the outset that Richard was not a monster but the product of his times, when violence and ruthlessness were common political weapons. He also offers a more rounded picture of the king, showing good points as well as bad, rather than a caricature of evil. The most significant addition to this edition is the substantial appendix on the imposture of Perkin Warbeck, making use of continental sources hitherto unknown to English historians.
Journal of an Expedition up the Niger and Tshadda Rivers
Authors: Crowther Samuel
Published: August 2010

Captured by slavers as a boy, freed by the Royal Navy, and raised at a mission, Samuel Crowther in 1864 became the first African to be ordained as an Anglican bishop. As a priest, he accompanied the Scottish merchant MacGregor Laird on his expedition to West Africa in 1854, and celebrated Sunday services in a variety of bizarre locations and perilous conditions. This 1855 book is Crowther's detailed record of his journey aboard the steamboat Pleiad. Written from the unusual perspective of an African-born, London-educated clergyman, it is a congenial and evocative account of the day-to-day difficulties confronting the explorers, their interactions with native peoples, and encounters with slavery and civil war. Crowther, a keen linguist, went on to publish several books on African languages including Nupe, Igbo and Yoruba. This book includes a substantial appendix comparing the grammar and vocabularies of the languages he encountered.
Bibliotheca Pepysiana
Authors: Tanner Joseph Robson
Published: August 2010

Samuel Pepys (1633–1703) was a student of Magdalene College, Cambridge, and bequeathed his personal library of 3000 volumes to the College on condition that the contents remained intact and unaltered; they remain there, in his original bookcases, to this day. In the early twentieth century, a project to produce a complete catalogue was begun, and four volumes were published between 1914 and 1940. Volume 1 lists 114 manuscripts relating to maritime and naval matters, a subject of particular interest to Pepys, who was employed by the admiralty. They fall into three main categories: official documents of his own time, other official and unofficial documents that he collected as material for his projected 'History of the Navy', and books and papers that appealed to him but are not directly relevant to naval history. This catalogue remains a valuable resource for researchers in naval history.
Character and Symbol in Shakespeare's Plays
Authors: Matthews Honor
Published: August 2010

First published in 1962, Matthews' study examines the symbolic elements which persistently recur in Shakespeare's plays. The book focuses on the traditional material from medieval and sixteenth-century drama which seems to have been present in Shakespeare's mind as he worked, and which, Matthews argues, inspired significant themes which resonate throughout the plays. Divided into three parts, the book addresses in turn the concept of sin, the opposition of justice and mercy and the hope of redemption. Matthews investigates these motifs and their currency in Elizabethan England, and traces their presence in Shakespeare's created worlds with detailed reference to a wide range of the plays. Awareness of them provides fruitful avenues for the interpretation of the plays, and sheds light on Shakespeare's motives and methods.
Mathematical and Physical Papers
Authors: Stokes George Gabriel
Published: August 2010

Sir George Stokes (1819–1903) established the science of hydrodynamics with his law of viscosity describing the velocity of a small sphere through a viscous fluid. He published no books, but was a prolific lecturer and writer of papers for the Royal Society, the British Association for the Advancement of Science, the Victoria Institute and other mathematical and scientific institutions. These collected papers (issued between 1880 and 1905) are therefore the only readily available record of the work of an outstanding and influential mathematician, who was Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in Cambridge for over fifty years, Master of Pembroke College, President of the Royal Society (1885–1890), Associate Secretary of the Royal Commission on the University of Cambridge and a Member of Parliament for the University.
The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin
Authors: Darwin Charles
Published: August 2010

This book, the first of three-volumes detailing the life of Charles Darwin, published five years after his death, was edited by his son Francis, who was his father's collaborator in experiments in botany and who after his death took on the responsibility of overseeing the publication of his remaining manuscript works and letters. In the preface to the first volume, Francis Darwin explains his editorial principles: 'In choosing letters for publication I have been largely guided by the wish to illustrate my father's personal character. But his life was so essentially one of work, that a history of the man could not be written without following closely the career of the author.' Among the family history, anecdotes and reminiscences of scientific colleagues is a short autobiographical essay which Charles Darwin wrote for his children and grandchildren, rather than for publication. This account of Darwin the man has never been bettered.
Portrait of a College
Authors: Miller Edward
Published: August 2010

This affectionate but far from sentimental history was published in 1961 to mark the 450th anniversary of the foundation of St John's College, Cambridge. Edward Miller (1915–2000) was a medieval historian who spent most of his career teaching in Cambridge. An undergraduate and research fellow at St John's, he later went on to become Master of Fitzwilliam. His Portrait blends the history of St John's with wider developments in education, as well as social, political and economic history. As such it is a fine example of an institutional history written from within, with an unbiased assessment of the many changes the College had seen. The chapter on the period from 1918 to the early sixties, based on Miller's own reminiscences and those of his colleagues, is an important record of life in the college in an age of modernisation and change.
American Scenes and Christian Slavery
Authors: Davies Ebenezer
Published: August 2010

First published in 1849, American Scenes and Christian Slavery is a description, in epistolary format, of American life, nature, culture, and its slave trade during the nineteenth century, as observed by a British abolitionist, Ebenezer Davies, during his travels through the United States. Davies had been the minister of Mission Chapel, New Amsterdam, and in this collection of letters, he offers valuable contemporary perspectives on the people and the manners of America as they appeared to him during a journey of over four thousand miles. A favourable reception of a few similar letters that were published in the Patriot magazine paved the way for the preparation of this book. The book's 37 chapters record the author's impressions of Ohio, the river Mississippi and the cities of New Orleans, Cincinnati, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. Davies' travelogue is a witty account of an English traveller's experiences of nineteenth-century America.
Journal
Authors: Kemble Fanny
Published: August 2010

Frances Anne Kemble (1809–1893) was a famous London-born actress who toured the United States with her father for several years before marrying the Philadelphia landowner and heir Pierce Butler. Her two-volume journal, first published in 1835 under her married name, shocked the American public for its ungenerous and often biting criticisms of the young country. Detailing Kemble's voyage to and tour of the United States, the journal contains first hand accounts of the cities of the eastern seaboard in the early nineteenth-century and the manners and customs of its people. Noted for its candid observations and strong personal style, Kemble's journal remains one of her most lasting literary works.
A Catalogue of the Egyptian Collection in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
Authors: Budge Ernest Alfred Wallace
Published: August 2010

Since the first donations of Egyptian artefacts to the Fitzwilliam Museum, including the sarcophagus lid of Rameses III donated in 1823, its ancient Egyptian holdings have grown steadily. This collection, now one of the most important in Britain, was catalogued for the first time by Sir Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge (1857–1934) of the British Museum's department of antiquities. Budge was a leading authority on ancient Egypt and had himself acquired several pieces for the museum in Egypt in 1886–7. The collection as listed in this 1893 publication included 577 objects: sarcophagi, coffins, canopic jars, mummies, scarabs, sculptures, and other decorative objects. Budge provided transcriptions and translations of the hieroglyphs that appear on the objects with his descriptions of each item. Although the collection has been augmented by many further gifts and purchases, Budge's catalogue remains a valuable record of the collection in the late Victorian period.
The Scientific Papers of Sir George Darwin
Authors: Darwin George Howard
Published: August 2010

Sir George Darwin (1845–1912) was the second son and fifth child of Charles Darwin. After studying mathematics at Cambridge he read for the Bar, but soon returned to science and to Cambridge, where in 1883 he was appointed Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy. His family home is now the location of Darwin College. His work was concerned primarily with the effect of the sun and moon on tidal forces on Earth, and with the theoretical cosmogony which evolved from practical observation: he formulated the fission theory of the formation of the moon (that the moon was formed from still-molten matter pulled away from the Earth by solar tides). He also developed a theory of evolution for the Sun–Earth–Moon system based on mathematical analysis in geophysical theory. This volume of his collected papers covers figures of equilibrium of rotating liquid and geophysical investigations.
The Scientific Papers of Sir George Darwin
Authors: Darwin George Howard
Published: August 2010

Sir George Darwin (1845–1912) was the second son and fifth child of Charles Darwin. After studying mathematics at Cambridge he read for the Bar, but soon returned to science and to Cambridge, where in 1883 he was appointed Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy. His family home is now the location of Darwin College. His work was concerned primarily with the effect of the sun and moon on tidal forces on Earth, and with the theoretical cosmogony which evolved from practical observation: he formulated the fission theory of the formation of the moon (that the moon was formed from still-molten matter pulled away from the Earth by solar tides). This volume of his collected papers covers periodic orbits and some miscellaneous papers, including two investigating the health statistics of the marriage of first cousins – of interest to a member of a dynasty in which such marriages were common.
The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex
Authors: Darwin Charles
Published: August 2010

In his introduction, Darwin reveals that for many years he had no intention of publishing his notes on this topic, 'as I thought that I should thus only add to the prejudices against my views'. By 1871, he felt that his fellow scientists would show a greater openness of mind to his arguments, even when taken to their logical conclusion and applied to the descent of man from the apes – the aspect of his theory which had been so widely mocked since the notorious question asked by Bishop Wilberforce at the Oxford debate of 1860: was it through his grandmother or his grandfather that Thomas Huxley, Darwin's champion, considered himself descended from a monkey? However, the book's focus on the area of sexual selection and the evolutionary importance of secondary sexual characteristics across the animal kingdom meant that the book was received without the public outrage that Darwin had feared.
A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States
Authors: Olmsted Frederick Law , Olmsted, Jr Frederick Law , Trent William P.
Published: August 2010

Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903) was a journalist and landscape designer who is regarded as the founder of American landscape architecture: his most famous achievement was Central Park in New York, of which he became the superintendent in 1857, but he also worked on the design of parks in many other burgeoning American cities, and was called by Charles Eliot Norton 'the greatest artist that America has yet produced'. His A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States was originally published in 1856, and arose from journeys in the south which Olmsted, a passionate abolitionist, had undertaken in 1853–4. This edition was published in two volumes in 1904, with the addition of a biographical sketch by his son and an introduction by William P. Trent. It abounds in fascinating and witty descriptions of Olmsted's encounters and experiences in a society which was on the verge of overwhelming change.
Hamlet
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: August 2010

John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 and 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays and poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually and as a set, and each contains a lengthy and lively introduction, main text, and substantial notes and glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest and ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques and theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance and became an established part of later editorial practice, for example in the Arden and New Cambridge Shakespeares.
Love's Labours Lost
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: August 2010

John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 and 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays and poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually and as a set, and each contains a lengthy and lively introduction, main text, and substantial notes and glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest and ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques and theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance and became an established part of later editorial practice, for example in the Arden and New Cambridge Shakespeares.
The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: August 2010

John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 and 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays and poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually and as a set, and each contains a lengthy and lively introduction, main text, and substantial notes and glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest and ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques and theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance and became an established part of later editorial practice, for example in the Arden and New Cambridge Shakespeares.
Richard III
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: August 2010

John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 and 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays and poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually and as a set, and each contains a lengthy and lively introduction, main text, and substantial notes and glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest and ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques and theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance and became an established part of later editorial practice, for example in the Arden and New Cambridge Shakespeares.
The Life of Timon of Athens
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: August 2010

John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 and 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays and poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually and as a set, and each contains a lengthy and lively introduction, main text, and substantial notes and glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest and ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques and theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance and became an established part of later editorial practice, for example in the Arden and New Cambridge Shakespeares.
Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Amerika's zumal Brasiliens
Authors: Martius Carl Friedrich Phillip von
Published: August 2010

Beiträge zur Ethnographie (1867) is Carl von Martius' colourful and personal memoir of his travels to Brazil in the years 1817–1820. Although better known as a botanist, Martius here ventures into the territory of ethnographic and linguistic studies, writing about the indigenous peoples of the Americas and Brazil. Volume 1 consists of three lectures. In the first, Martius addresses the past and future of the American people, focusing on such aspects as their physiognomy and psyche as well as their country's influence on the world in general. The second and third lectures are devoted to Brazil. Martius first describes his experiences of the society, customs and traditions of the Brazilian Tupi Indians. He then gives a thorough overview of the many different groups of native Brazilians. A map of previous and current Tupi Indian settlements is also included.
Die Hianákoto-Umáua
Authors: Koch-Grünberg Theodor
Published: August 2010

Die Hianákoto-Umáua, first published in 1908, is Theodor Koch-Grünberg's illustrated account of the expedition he made together with other scientists to Northern Brazil in the years 1903–1905. The German researcher, a pioneer in the field of South American ethnology, describes his encounters with the indigenous people who lived in the region of the Japurá River and the Rio Negro. The Omagua tribe had lived there before the Spanish conquest of South America in the sixteenth century. Koch-Grünberg explains that although the words Omagua and Umáua are alike, the sixteenth-century Omagua tribe was culturally and linguistically quite distinct from the Umáua tribe he himself met. The main focus of the book is a systematic record of the vocabulary of the Umáua tribe based upon the author's own observations. He lists words relating to a variety of topics including body parts, medicine and religion.
The Book of Revelation in Greek Edited from Ancient Authorities
Authors: Tregelles Samuel Prideaux
Published: August 2010

Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–1875) was a Cornish-born Biblical scholar who travelled to major libraries all over Europe to study ancient manuscripts with the aim of publishing a more reliable Greek New Testament than had been available to Luther, Tyndale and their successors. The 1844 edition of the Book of Revelation reissued here was his first major publication, and announced his larger project. It contains the Greek text, an English translation, and a meticulous critical apparatus which provides a window into nineteenth-century textual criticism, a burgeoning field in which scholars including Lachmann and Tischendorf were also active. Tregelles gives a detailed history of the printed editions of Revelation and shows how he went beyond the received text, examining more than forty thousand variants to establish the most authoritative version. Tregelles' criteria for evaluating the reliability of manuscripts, described in his Introduction, remain of interest to Biblical scholars today.
A View of the History, Literature, and Religion of the Hindoos
Authors: Ward William
Published: August 2010

William Ward's account of the Hindu communities among whom he served as a Baptist missionary in Serampore in West Bengal was first published in 1811 and reprinted in this third edition in 1817. It was an extremely influential work that shaped British views of the newly defined entity of 'Hinduism' in the early nineteenth century. Ward and his fellow missionaries promoted social reforms and education, establishing the Serampore Mission Press in 1800 and Serampore College in 1818. Ward devoted twenty years to compiling his study of Hindu literature, history, mythology and religion, which was eventually published in four volumes. It provided richly detailed information, and was regarded as authoritative for the next fifty years. It is therefore still an important source for researchers in areas including Indian history, British colonialism, Orientalism and religious studies. Volume 2 focuses on places of worship, ritual practices, and beliefs about death and reincarnation.