bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vision Transformer Based Photo Capturing System
Authors: ALBAYRAK Abdülkadir
Published: December 2023

Portrait photo is one of the most crucial documents that many people need for official transactions in many public and private organizations. Despite the developing technologies and high resolution imaging devices, people need such photographer offices to fulfil their needs to take photos. In this study, a Photo Capturing System has been developed to provide infrastructure for web and mobile applications. After the system detects the person's face, facial orientation and facial expression, it automatically takes a photo and sends it to a graphical user interface developed for this purpose. Then, with the help of the user interface of the photo taken by the system, it is automatically printed out. The proposed study is a unique study that uses imaging technologies, deep learning and vision transformer algorithms, which are very popular image processing techniques in several years. Within the scope of the study, face detection and facial expression recognition are performed with a success rate of close to 100\% and 95.52\%, respectively. In the study, the performances of Vision Transformer algorithm is also compared with the state of art algorithms in facial expression recognition.
Ethical Hacking for a Good Cause: Finding Missing People using Crowdsourcing and Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) Tools
Authors:   University of Colorado Denver, Dincelli Ersin , Van Slyke Craig ,   Louisiana Tech University, Yayla Alper ,   University of Tampa
Published: December 2023

Over 600,000 people go missing every year in the US alone. Despite the extensive resources allocated to investigating these cases, the high volume of missing person cases constitutes one of the biggest challenges for law enforcement agencies. One approach to tackle this challenge is using crowdsourcing. That is, volunteers use freely available tools and techniques to aid the existing efforts to investigate missing person cases. Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) refers to gathering information from publicly available sources and analyzing it through a comprehensive set of open-source tools to produce meaningful and actionable intelligence. OSINT has been applied to address various societal challenges and crimes, including environmental abuse, human rights violations, child exploitation, domestic violence, disasters, and locating missing people. Building on this premise, this case examines a crowdsourced initiative called Trace Labs that aims to assist law enforcement agencies in solving missing person cases using OSINT tools. The case emphasizes socio-technical aspects of cybersecurity, highlighting both the bright and dark sides of technology. It demonstrates the potential of information systems to serve the public good by examining topics such as open-source software, crowdsourcing, and intelligence gathering, while acknowledging that the very same underlying technology can be used for malicious purposes.
Three Perspectives on the Value of Bridgers Within IT: A Longitudinal Study of Eight Years of Job Placement of IT Graduates
Authors:   Syracuse University, USA, Kaarst-Brown Michelle , Guzman Indira R. ,   California State Polytechnic University - Pomona
Published: December 2023

Job placement data is important for understanding where graduates get jobs. We present an empirical study of eight years of undergraduate and graduate IT placement data to explore IT jobs obtained within IT functions. Niederman, Ferratt, and Trauth (2016) propose clustering IT jobs into four macro-level categories based on the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) required for these jobs: IT bridgers, technical specialists, application domain specialists, and IT managers. They argue an increased need for and value placed on “bridgers” who can fill bridging jobs within IT. Bridgers within IT possess both technical and “soft skills” like communications/managerial and change/project management and work within the IT function but can liaise between IT and business units. Using a longitudinal sample of 1,980 IT graduates from one Information School, the data supports that IT bridgers are hired within IT, are hired earlier, and are largely hired in consulting, technology, and finance industry sectors. Contributions include exploring the utility of the macro-level categorization of NFT IT job categories to analyze job placement, the importance of tracking IT job placement in employer sectors, and the overall value of IT placement data for IT educators and administrators.
RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE: ESSENCE AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL ISSUES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lavyniukova Anna-Valeriia
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to various theories that confirm or deny the epistemological value of a person's religious experience. The works of the classics of the psychology of religion and the works of modern analytical philosophers regarding the cognitive status of religious experience are considered.According to many researchers of religion, the phenomenon of religious experience is one of the fundamental elements of religion because it is present in almost all traditions of all times and peoples, and accordingly it is through the explanation and understanding of religious experience that it is possible to form a more comprehensive idea of the phenomenon of religion in general. For this reason, so many works are devoted to the study of religious experience. One of the discourses that has not lost its relevance for decades is the discourse on the epistemological capacity of religious experience. This question is acute because, on the one hand, having proved that religious experience can be a source of knowledge about its object, we can speak much more confidently in favor of the existence of such an object, on the other hand, an exhaustive refutation of the cognitive capacity of religious experience can lead to to diametrically opposite consequences. The article demonstrates the diversity of approaches to considering the epistemological possibilities of religious experience, both those that testify in favor of its epistemological value and those that deny it, and contains an overview of the most significant conclusions of scientists on this issue. Special attention is paid to the work of modern American researchers as the last ones who significantly contributed to the study of this topic. The study also demonstrates that this topic has the potential for its further consideration and research in our scientific environment, since it is in this way that it is almost not found in the works of Ukrainian researchers.
Motivational and Cognitive Aspects of Formation of Teachers’ Professional Readiness for Professional Activities in Inclusive Education
Authors: Guterman L.A. , Goryunova L.V.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the study is the need to improve the quality of formation of teaching inclusive education. The purpose of the study was to identify an assessment of the motivational-cognitive aspect of the readiness of future teachers to work in inclusive environment comparing with their level of readiness. The materials of empirical research are obtained from a sample of 5th year students of “Pedagogical Education” at the Southern Federal University (N=104) and teachers in the city of Rostov-on-Don and the Rostov region (N=12739). The leading research method is analysis of the results of a survey of university students and schoolteachers. The results of the study showed that the average level of readiness for inclusive education prevails among respondents. The results of the study make it possible to say that the leading criterion for teachers’ readiness is motivational and cognitive, with skillful knowledge of humanitarian and assistive technologies for working with persons with disabilities. The materials of the article are of practical value for the design of teacher training programs in higher and additional professional education
Experimental Work on Competence Building of a University Teacher in Inclusive Education by Means of Digital Technology
Authors: Vinokurova I.V. , Filchenkova I.F.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of experimental work on the formation of the competence of university teachers in inclusive education by means of information technology in additional professional education. Information technology is implemented on the basis of two components: information and technology. The didactic digital complex acts as an information component, the technological component provides the personification of the educational process, the use of a set of forms and methods of training for intensifying the process of additional professional education using information and communication technologies, creating conditions for the formation of pedagogical communities for the exchange of experience and interactive solving of the professional tasks in. 353 teachers from 6 educational universities were recruited for this study. The effectiveness of the study was confirmed by the method of mathematical statistics (Pearson's criterion).
THE POSSIBILITIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD'S CREATIVITY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A PRE-SCHOOL
Authors: Andrejeva Rita , Usca Svetlana
Published: December 2023

Today's rapidly changing era and the resulting demands bring into focus aspects related to children's education already from preschool, as this is the age when the basic qualities are formed and the foundations are laid for skills that are important for future development and self-fulfillment. The creativity and entrepreneurship of a preschool child is the ability to create new ideas and look for alternative solutions for their implementation, the readiness to act and finish what has been started, overcoming obstacles and showing initiative. The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of development and assessment of the child's creativity and entrepreneurship in a preschool educational institution. The paper identifies the criteria and indicators for the assessment of the child's creativity and entrepreneurship, offers a model for the development of this skill in a preschool educational institution, and analyses the results of its approbation.
SIGN LANGUAGE OF THE DEAF PEOPLE: A STUDY ON PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Straupeniece Daiga , Bethere Dina , Ozola Elza
Published: December 2023

Today, when various regulatory documents support sign language research, there is a lack of both teaching materials and research on deaf sign language and public understanding. The study aims to determine the public’s proficiency or competence in the Latvian sign language. The research revealed people’s basic knowledge of Latvian sign language grammar, their ability to communicate and understand deaf people, their attitudes and opinions about the process, and the necessity of learning sign language. Information was studied in four blocks of questions: society’s attitude towards deaf sign language, society’s knowledge of deaf sign language, communication skills with a deaf person, and opinion on the development of deaf sign language and its necessity. The sample of the study is 500 respondents, who represent the opinion of the population between the ages of 16 and 60, observing the socio-demographic parameters of the target group of the study. An empirical research method was used in the study; to collect data, an electronic survey was conducted. In general, the study confirms that society shows a positive attitude towards Latvian sign language as a means of communication for deaf people. At the same time, the data reveal poor knowledge of sign language and its grammar. It was concluded that not only sociological research is needed on public perceptions of deaf sign language, but also various educational events for the rest of society should be promoted, including seminars, courses, and conferences.
EMOTIONS’ CATEGORIZATION FOR A BETTER EDUCATION
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zascerinska Jelena , Bikova Anastasija , Aleksejeva Ludmila , Zascerinskis Mihails , Gukovica Olga
Published: December 2023

Education can be enhanced via the application of the categorization method. Emotions’ categorization has been well addressed by the scientific community. However, research on emotions carried out in different disciplines enriches the existing knowledge with new findings and novel scientific contributions. The research aims at analysing scientific literature on emotions’ categories underpinning the elaboration of implications for educational practice. The method of categorization of the descriptive research is leveraged in this work for the characterisation of educational practice. Theoretical analysis allows concluding that emotions and education are linked. Emotions, being the innate part of an individual, drive the educational process. The educational process, built on the understanding of emotions as a cognition product, facilitates the development of individual’s emotions. The educational process is implemented in three phases, namely teaching, peer-learning, and learning. Each phase of the educational process has its own objective upon the development of education actors’ emotions. Organisation of only one or two phases of the educational process while omitting the other phase(s) leads to the imbalance of individual’s emotions. Quality of education is influenced by education actors’ emotions. Consequently, external and internal regulation of education actors’ emotions within the educational process might impact the quality of education
Tax Office and Internal Affairs Bodies Cooperation in Initiating Criminal Tax Law Cases
Authors: Larichev V. D. , Milyakina E. V. , Pankratiev A. N.
Published: December 2023

The fight against tax crimes is carried out through cooperation of tax authorities with operational units of internal affairs bodies. In cooperation with tax authorities the operational units of internal affairs bodies (OVD) generally ensure the implementation of tax authorities powers to control and supervise compliance with legislation on taxes and fees. OVD are in fact participants in tax legal relations. At the same time, the insufficient development of legislation regulating these activities leads to legal uncertainty. In this regard, the authors propose to supplement Article 9 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation with a clause fixing the status of internal affairs bodies as participants in relations regulated by the legislation on taxes and fees. At the same time, it is proposed to introduce some provisions into Articles 89–100 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation regulating the powers and restrictions of an internal affairs body officer as a participant in an on-site tax audit. Changes in criminal, criminal procedure and tax legislation, which entered into force in 2022–2023, had a significant impact on the way economic security and anti-corruption units cooperate with tax authorities and preliminary investigation bodies in identifying tax crimes and initiating such criminal cases. Amid the changes in Federal legislation, the existing interdepartmental regulatory framework generally remains relevant, although it needs to be changed and updated. These measures are currently either unregulated or partially regulated in disparate departmental regulations of different legal force, which creates an objective need for the development and adoption of a single regulatory document. An acceptable orm of interdepartmental regulatory act may be a trilateral agreement on cooperation between the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the Federal Tax Service of Russia. There is also a need to amend the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. It is important to eliminate the inconsistency of the current version of paragraph 3 of Article 32 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which does not contain a complete list of decisions made by tax authorities to be sent so that to make a decision on initiating a criminal case. This results in a possibility of different interpretations of the relevant duty of tax authorities.
Digital Technologies Application in Public Management of Migration Processes in the Russian Federation
Authors: Zherebtsov A. N. , Malyshev E. A.
Published: December 2023

The study aims to develop the instrument of administrative and legal regulation of digital technologies application in the field of migration processes public management, the implementation of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation and the prospects for the development of Russian migration legislation caused by digital transformations in the economy, management and social sphere. The paper proves the objective need for digitalization of public management as to territorial mobility of the population, reflects the positive aspects of this process, notes and highlights the types of digital technologies necessary for use in the field of public management of population migration in modern Russia. According to the authors such technologies include the following: artificial intelligence; distributed registry systems; big data analysis technologies; wireless communication technologies; cloud services; social networks; digital identification and authentication technologies, including those based on biometric personal data. The effective use of digital technologies in public management of migration processes is possible only if there is a legislative basis for their implementation in the daily activities of public authorities implementing state migration policy. The authors believe that consistent administrative and legal regulation of the digital profile of a citizen of the Russian Federation and a digital profile of a migrant; identity documents with an electronic data carrier (biometric documents); registration and migration records of migrants (citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens and stateless persons); monitoring of migration processes; identification and authentication of migrants in the implementation of federal state migration supervision and the implementation of the law enforcement function in order to ensure the national security of the state will allow the introduction and effective use of digital technologies in the process of public management of migration processes.
About Development of International ESG Disclosure Standards
Authors: Puzyreva E. N.
Published: December 2023

Currently, sustainability factors have a significant impact on the economic and investment decisions of companies around the world. ESG data is included as part of the non-financial information, the disclosure of which poses a number of challenges in practice. The main being the lack of universal reporting rules. This article examines the most successful global initiatives aimed at developing and implementing international ESG disclosure standards. The provisions of the latest standards and guidelines governing the procedure, scope and principles for preparing reports on the company’s impact on environmental, social and governance aspects of responsible production are analyzed.
The USGS 2023 Conterminous U.S. Time-Independent Earthquake Rupture Forecast
Authors: Field Edward H. , Milner Kevin R. , Hatem Alexandra E. , Powers Peter M. , Pollitz Fred F. , Llenos Andrea L. , Zeng Yuehua , Johnson Kaj M. , Shaw Bruce E. , McPhillips Devin , Thompson Jobe Jessica , Shumway Allison M. , Michael Andrew J. , Shen Zheng-Kang , Evans Eileen L. , Hearn Elizabeth H. , Mueller Charles S. , Frankel Arthur D. , Petersen Mark D. , DuRoss Christopher , Briggs Richard W. , Page Morgan T. , Rubinstein Justin L. , Herrick Julie A.
Published: December 2023

We present the 2023 U.S. Geological Survey time-independent earthquake rupture forecast for the conterminous United States, which gives authoritative estimates of the magnitude, location, and time-averaged frequency of potentially damaging earthquakes throughout the region. In addition to updating virtually all model components, a major focus has been to provide a better representation of epistemic uncertainties. For example, we have improved the representation of multifault ruptures, both in terms of allowing more and less fault connectivity than in the previous models, and in sweeping over a broader range of viable models. An unprecedented level of diagnostic information has been provided for assessing the model, and the development was overseen by a 19-member participatory review panel. Although we believe the new model embodies significant improvements and represents the best available science, we also discuss potential model limitations, including the applicability of logic tree branch weights with respect different types of hazard and risk metrics. Future improvements are also discussed, with deformation model enhancements being particularly worthy of pursuit, as well as better representation of sampling errors in the gridded seismicity components. We also plan to add time-dependent components, and assess implications with a wider range of hazard and risk metrics.
A Comprehensive Fault-System Inversion Approach: Methods and Application to NSHM23
Authors: Milner Kevin R. , Field Edward H.
Published: December 2023

We present updated inversion-based fault-system solutions for the 2023 update to the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM23), standardizing earthquake rate model calculations on crustal faults across the western United States. We build upon the inversion methodology used in the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) to solve for time-independent rates of earthquakes in an interconnected fault system. The updated model explicitly maps out a wide range of fault recurrence and segmentation behavior (epistemic uncertainty), more completely exploring the solution space of viable models beyond those of UCERF3. We also improve the simulated annealing implementation, greatly increasing computational efficiency (and thus inversion convergence), and introduce an adaptive constraint weight calculation algorithm that helps to mediate between competing constraints. Hazard calculations show that ingredient changes (especially fault and deformation models) are the primary driver of hazard changes between NSHM23 and UCERF3. Updates to the inversion methodology are also consequential near faults in which the slip rate in UCERF3 was poorly fit or was satisfied primarily using large multifault ruptures that are now restricted by explicit b-value and segmentation constraints.
High-density Approaches to Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate Ablation
Authors: Johnson Dana Collin ,   Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, Wissner Erik ,   Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Published: December 2023

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation is a challenging procedure with significant clinical benefit for patients. The classic VT ablation approach centers on arrhythmia induction and entrainment of tachycardia to identify the critical components of a VT circuit. In the post-coronary reperfusion era, smaller infarct size and subsequently faster VT cycle lengths have led to an increased occurrence of unstable, unmappable VT cases, making the classic approach untenable. While approaches of signal-based substrate modification have shown clinical efficacy in the past, these approaches are sometimes imprecise and require extensive ablation. With the advancement of high-density (HD) mapping technology and recognition of functional tissue properties requisite for VT initiation and propagation, a more finely targeted VT ablation approach may be pursued. Benefits of HD mapping include better tissue and signal characterization, avoidance of ‘perpendicular blinding’ and better identification of VT putative channels. Functional characterization of tissue, such as isochronal late activation mapping or decremental evoked potential mapping, allow for the identification of functional slowing required for VT reentry. Pre-ablative imaging continues to play an increasing role in substrate characterization and pre-operative planning. Using a comprehensive, tailored, substrate-based functional HD VT ablation strategy can allow for safe and effective ablation of even unstable and unmappable VT.
A Feasibility Analysis of the Use of IEEE 802.11ah to extend 4G Network Coverage
Authors: Cahyani Rini , Perdana Doan , Hanuranto Ahmad Tri
Published: December 2023

The 4G LTE network has been launched in many countries including Indonesia, and all telecommunications operators are competing to expand their service coverage. Due to various reasons, there are a lot of areas that remains uncovered by the 4G LTE network. With the increase in cellular traffic, operators must continue to improve their service coverage. One of the scenarios to expand the service coverage is by offloading the traffic to a more cost-effective 802.11ah network in which one 802.11ah access point can serve thousands of mobile devices and support the Machine-to-Machine (M2M)/Internet of Things (IoT) communication. This study simulates the effect of the number of nodes on MCS performance evaluation of the 802.11ah protocol. The simulation is conducted by utilizing NS3 software to evaluate the throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio and energy consumption. This study also simulates 802.11ah coverage prediction to expand the LTE networks by utilizing Atoll Radio Planning Software. The results show that the performance obtained by varying the number of nodes/users from 100 to 1000 nodes is technically acceptable. In addition, the service coverage of 802.11ah network can solve the problem of blank spot area.
Species Delimitation of Eastern Pinesnake Complex (Pituophis melanoleucus)
Authors: Khakurel Basanta , Nikolakis Zachary L. , Crother Brian I. , Wright April
Published: December 2023

The eastern Pinesnake (Pituophis melanoleucus) is found throughout eastern United States. Taxonomy in this group has been controversial with several conflicting species designations. Three subspecies of the eastern Pinesnake have prevailed in the literature to their geographic locations and scale coloration: the northern Pinesnake (P. m. melanoleucus), the Florida Pinesnake (P. m. mugitus), and the Black Pinesnake (P. m. lodingi). Within the region, there are several major barriers to dispersal, particularly major river drainage systems and human modification of the longleaf pine habitat. Consistently, a lack of phylogenetic resolution has plagued these taxa in prior studies. The goal of this study was to examine the taxonomic validity of the eastern Pinesnake complex using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) isolated from ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) in phylogenetic and population genetic approaches. Molecular species delimitation approaches indicated that the population of eastern Pinesnake exhibits population structure across its range that may rise to the level of being new species.
The denial of bipartisan consensus in the U.S.: The case of productivism
Authors: Akimov Danil
Published: December 2023

The article is dedicated to the emergence of a new macroeconomic paradigm entitled to replace neoliberalism. "Productivism" proposes to concentrate U.S. government efforts on supporting domestic industry while embracing protectionism and reshoring. According to the author of the concept, economist Dani Rodrik, it is productivism that can bring the Republican and Democratic parties to an agreement in conditions of unprecedented polarization, as such an approach is popular both in the current administration of Joseph Biden and among the Republican opposition. However, the current political landscape, in which politicians often resort to the use of negative agenda, levels the influence of productivism, this economic concept becomes a field for a new ideological confrontation, and political parties deny the existence of a bipartisan consensus in order to strengthen the loyalty of the electorate.
German-American Economic Relations: Analysis of Development Post-2022
Authors: Ivanova Anna
Published: December 2023

The Author analyze some features of restoring relations and strengthening trade and economic interpenetration between the United States and Germany under the Biden administration after 2022. In particular, attention will be paid to trade and economic records, investment projects, decisions on trade disputes, and the involvement of the political agenda in economic decisions, negotiations on areas of key economic contradictions.
The dynamics of the Trump administration's relations with big business in the United States in 2019-2021: from "honeymoon" to alienation
Authors: Kozlov Vadim
Published: December 2023

On the second half of 2019, the administration of Donald Trump will intensify the "trade war" with China, which was supposed to correspond to the image of the president of American big business. Nevertheless, this caused a mixed reaction among the leading business circles of the United States. Thus, American technology companies expressed serious concern about the consequences of the ill-conceived policy of the republican administration and did not begin to curtail their production in China. The Council of Corporations in the White House ceased to convene, because of which regular contacts of the federal government with large companies ceased. The final deterioration of Trump's image in the eyes of most of the business was the storming of the Capitol by supporters of the president who did not agree with the election. Thus, in the light of the 2024 elections, the positions of a potential Republican candidate in business circles look very ambiguous.
Russian-American relations after the end of the Ukrainian conflict: American experts’ opinion
Authors: Kozlov Korney
Published: December 2023

Nowadays the relations between the two great powers – The United States and Russia – are at their lowest point over the past 30 years. After the start of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine in February 2022 the United States and its allies expect to "inflict a strategic defeat on Russia on the battlefield". 
However, after 20 months of the conflict, it became obvious that Russia could not be defeated, and now it has much better chances of winning than it seemed earlier. Despite the US officials public statements to help Ukraine "as long as it takes", it's obvious that the conflict will be over sooner or later, and Russia's winning, so the USA will have to rebuild relations with it in the new terms. The US experts from some «think tanks» give their options how to do it after the end of the conflict in Ukraine.
The US military-industrial complex in the modern period
Authors: Shkrobtak Igor
Published: December 2023

This study is devoted to the state of the US defense industry in the modern period. The paper examines the current situation and issues of the development of the defense industry of the United States. The article examines the key areas of activity of the industry: military shipbuilding, aircraft construction and the armored industry. The main problems of the military-industrial complex are highlighted: the lack of specialists, the rupture of economic ties, the loss of key competencies and technologies. Possible methods of solving the current system challenges facing the American defense industry have been identified.
Información astronómica en la primera publicación periodica del Nuevo Reino de Granada
Authors: Portilla J. Gregorio
Published: December 2023

La inclusión de una sección titulada "afecciones astronómicas del día de hoy", en el Papel Periódico de Santafé de Bogotá, la primera publicación periódica del virreinato del Nuevo Reino de Granada, se constituye en la manifestación más temprana de la que se tenga noticia sobre una diversidad significativa de datos astronómicos calculados expresamente para la hora local de Santafé de Bogotá. En la presente comunicación se explora la motivación de su inclusión dentro del periódico, la fuente bibliográfica que se tomó como punto de partida, la posible identidad del calculista y la calidad de los datos obtenidos.
ESTUDIO MATEMÁTICO DEL DISEÑO PRECOLOMBINO DE LA ESPIRAL EN EL ARTE RUPESTRE DEL NOROCCIDENTE DEL MUNICIPIO DE PASTO (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Quijano Vodniza Armando José
Published: December 2023

La espiral es el diseño precolombino que con mayor frecuencia aparece en el arte rupestre de Nariño, sin embargo, hasta el momento no se han determinado las propiedades geométricas de esta representación. En este sentido, se realizó un estudio estadístico de una muestra de 44 espirales representadas en petroglifos del sector noroccidental del Municipio de Pasto, en el cual se indagó sobre: el número de espirales de acuerdo con la dirección de su giro, dimensiones de las espirales, tramos y números de vueltas de los grabados y el tipo de espiral trazada. La investigación permitió determinar que el diseño en cuestión corresponde a una espiral de dos centros, lo cual arroja las primeras evidencias a favor de la existencia de patrones geométricos en la elaboración de estos vestigios arqueológicos.
ISLA DE CALOR Y CAMBIOS ESPACIO-TEMPORALES DE LA TEMPERATURA EN LA CIUDAD DE BOGOTÁ
Authors: Ángel Laura , Ramírez Alberto , Domínguez Efraín
Published: December 2023

El planeta en su conjunto viene experimentando durante los últimos años un proceso de calentamiento cuya principal causa señala a la acumulación de los gases de invernadero en la atmósfera. De otro lado, ha sido ampliamente documentado el hecho de la existencia de islas térmicas al interior de las ciudades producto, principalmente, del cambio de suelos cubiertos por vegetación por otros de índole urbana como asfalto, concreto, ladrillos, etc. Sobre el marco anterior, esta investigación evaluó los cambios en la temperatura media, mínima y máxima ocurridos en la ciudad de Bogotá durante los últimos 40 años y evidenció la presencia de una isla de calor que se extiende por la mayor parte de la ciudad, y que supera en cerca de 3ºC a la temperatura media de la periferia. Así mismo, se hicieron evidentes períodos de aumento y disminución de la temperatura de la ciudad, cuyas tendencias seculares no son afectadas por el fenómeno del Niño y que se manifiestan con mayor fuerza en la periferia.
USO DE MÉTODOS ELECTROQUÍMICOS COMO HERRAMIENTAS PARA EVALUAR PARÁMETROS DE INTERFASE EN SISTEMAS HETEROGÉNEOS METAL/MEDIO ACUOSO
Authors: Vera López Enrique
Published: December 2023

Cuando una superficie metálica entra en contacto con un medio acuoso, se da inicio a una serie de procesos termodinámicos y cinéticos responsables de la formación de una interfaz electroquímica, encargada de controlar los procesos de óxido/reducción relacionados con la transferencia de carga y masa en la vecindad próxima al metal. Debido a las características eléctricas de la interfaz, esta se modela normalmente mediante un arreglo eléctrico de elementos pasivos (resistencias y elementos de fase constante), cuyas magnitudes definen tanto los aspectos termodinámicos como cinéticos en las reacciones de intercambio y/o transferencia de carga y masa. Al simular esta interfaz electroquímica con elementos eléctricos, se pueden aplicar los conceptos de polarización para determinar estos parámetros de interfaz mediante el uso de campos eléctricos estacionarios (DC) o campos eléctricos variables en el tiempo y frecuencia (AC). El tipo de polarización aplicado (tanto magnitud como tipo de señal) define una serie de técnicas electroquímicas que permiten establecer con alto grado de precisión el estado de la interfaz. El conocimiento de todos los parámetros de esta interfaz es de gran utilidad para determinar la cinética de deterioro de materiales, la formación de capas pasivas y/o protectoras, la evaluación del uso de radicales orgánicos como inhibidores del deterioro del material, etc. A pesar del gran desarrollo de las técnicas electroquímicas, atribuible en las últimas dos décadas principalmente al avance de la electrónica y la computación, el futuro sigue siendo prometedor para posibles nuevas aplicaciones y/o combinaciones con otros conceptos físicos, como la emisión acústica, etc.
REPORTE DE UN NUEVO EJEMPLAR DE GRANASTRAPOTHERIUM SNORKI EN EL VALLE SUPERIOR DEL MAGDALENA, DESIERTO DE LA TATACOA, HUILA. COLOMBIA
Authors: Pardo Jaramillo Mauricio
Published: December 2023

En excavaciones realizadas en Septiembre de 2008 por el Museo Geológico Nacional 'José Royo y Gómez' del Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería INGEOMINAS, se logró recuperar un dentario casi completo de Granastrapotherium snorki Johnson & Madden, 1997. El presente reporte da a conocer su existencia, teniendo en cuenta el reducido número de especímenes documentados en colecciones colombianas.
BIVALVOS PERFORADORES DE MADERA EN LA COSTA PACIFICA COLOMBIANA
Authors: Cantera K Jaime R.
Published: December 2023

Doce especies de bivalvos perforadores de madera, diez de la familia Teredinidae y dos de Pholadidae, fueron recolectadas en manglares de 6 localidades de la costa Pacífica colombiana. En este trabajo se presenta una breve descripción, incluyendo las tallas encontradas, notas sobre el hábitat que ocupan y la distribución geográfica conocida de las doce especies encontradas.
NUEVAS ESPECIES COLOMBIANAS DE ESPELETIOPSIS CUATREC. Y DE ESPELETIA MUTIS EX HUMB. & BONPL. (ASTERACEAE, HELIANTHEAE, ESPELETIINAE)
Authors: Díaz-Piedrahita Santiago , Rodríguez-Cabeza Betsy Viviana
Published: December 2023

Se nominan, describen e ilustran cuatro especies nuevas de Espeletiinae propias de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. La de Espeletiopsis Cuatrec. es propia del Santuario de Fauna y Flora Guanentá Alto Río Fonce en el departamento de Santander; las otras tres pertenecen al género Espeletia Mutis ex Humb. & Bonpl. y provienen respectivamente de los páramos de Rabanal en Ráquira, Parque Nacional Natural Pisba en Socotá y La Cortadera en Siachoque en el departamento de Boyacá.
INTELIGENCIA. ¿QUÉ SABEMOS Y QUÉ NOS FALTA POR INVESTIGAR?
Authors: Ardila Rubén
Published: December 2023

El estudio de la inteligencia ha interesado a psicólogos, filósofos, educadores y el público en general durante varios siglos. La sociedad humana valora altamente la inteligencia y la considera un factor decisivo para los logros educativos, el éxito en el trabajo y para el desarrollo socioeconómico de los pueblos. Se analiza el concepto de inteligencia y su medición, los tipos de inteligencia, las implicaciones sociales y políticas que tiene este concepto psicológico, la relación entre inteligencia general, factores específicos de inteligencia, inteligencia fluida e inteligencia cristalizada, el desarrollo ontogenético de la inteligencia, sus orígenes evolutivos y otros asuntos relacionados. Se presentan los problemas de investigación que están por solucionarse en este campo. La inteligencia como capacidad de adaptación a un medio cambiante ha tenido importancia decisiva en la evolución filogenética de los seres humanos.
CARACTERÍSTICAS HISTOLÓGICAS DE LAS FASES REPRODUCTIVAS DEL ALGAROJA GRACILARIA BLODGETTII (GRACILARIACEAE)
Authors: Salgado Hernel Marín- , Peña-Salamanca Enrique J.
Published: December 2023

Se describen las fases carposporofíta y tetrasporofita de Gracilaria blodgettii a partir de estudios morfológicos e histológicos. se colectaron talos vegetativos y reproductivos entre Mayo y Octubre de 2006, y Septiembre a Diciembre de 2008, en la Bahía de Santa Catalina en isla providencia, Caribe Colombiano. El carposporofito presenta cistocarpos a lo largo del talo, con morfología oblonga, conformada por un núcleo y rodeado por un pericarpio interno medular estructurando el tejido nutritivo hacia el carposporofito. El tetrasporofito corresponde a individuos diploides cuyo hábito es similar al carposporofito, y su morfología se caracteriza por la presencia de tetrasporangios cruciados de forma ovada a cúbicos.
TRÁFICO DE MONOS NOCTURNOS AOTUS SPP. EN LA FRONTERA ENTRE COLOMBIA, PERÚ Y BRASIL: EFECTOS SOBRE SUS POBLACIONES SILVESTRES Y VIOLACIÓN DE LAS REGULACIONES INTERNACIONALES DE COMERCIO DE FAUNA ESTIPULADAS POR CITES
Authors: Maldonado Rodríguez Ángela M.
Published: December 2023

Este estudio informa sobre altos niveles de tráfico de monos nocturnos (Aotus nancymaae, A. vociferans y A. nigriceps) en el área tri-fronteriza Brasil–Colombia–Perú para el mercado de investigación biomédica en malaria. Entrevistas con 43 colectores/traficantes de los 3 países confirmaron que en 2007–2008, cerca de 4000 monos fueron traficados. Censos en 8 localidades en Perú y Colombia arrojaron estimativos contrastantes de densidades poblacionales de Aotus (Perú: 3,6 ind/km2; Colombia: 44 ind/km2). Es crítico que las regulaciones de CITES sean aplicadas en los 3 países para contrarrestar el descenso de las poblaciones silvestres y la degradación de sus hábitats.
OBTENCIÓN DE UN SUB-PROTEOMA DE CITOPLASMA DE UNA LÍNEA CELULAR DE TROFOBLASTO MEDIANTE FRACCIONAMIENTO CON DETERGENTES
Authors: Novoa-Herrán Sandra Susana , Sánchez-Gómez Myriam
Published: December 2023

El método de fraccionamiento con detergentes descrito por Rambsy y Makowski en 1999, fue modificado utilizando un buffer con digitonina (0,015%) para permeabilizar células HTR8/SVneo de trofoblasto humano, extrayendo las proteínas de citoplasma en la fracción soluble y solubilizando las de membrana a partir del precipitado con un buffer con Tritón X-100 (0,5%). Se obtuvo un extracto reproducible de proteínas citoplasmáticas libre de proteínas de membrana y se adecuó para electroforesis bidimensional (2-DE) por precipitación con clorofomo/metanol. En conclusión, el método aquí descrito resulta adecuado para la obtención de sub-proteomas de citoplasma a partir de líneas celulares, con una reproducibilidad y recuperación óptimas para el análisis de perfiles proteómicos por electroforesis bidimensional.
ACTIVIDAD MICROBIANA EN SUELOS Y SEDIMENTOS EN EL SISTEMA CÓRDOBA JUAN AMARILLO, BOGOTÁ D.C.
Authors: Cerón Rincón Laura Emilia , Ramírez Valencia Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Las cuencas hidrográficas en Bogotá D.C. son complejos sistemas ambientales que han sufrido graves alteraciones dadas por la urbanización, la actividad agrícola y ganadera, y actividades industriales. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el estado de dos cuencas urbanas en Bogotá D.C. en el sistema Córdoba - Juan Amarillo, a través de algunos indicadores de salud y calidad de suelos, las actividades enzimáticas: deshidrogenasa, fosfatasa alcalina, fosfatasa ácida y o-difenol oxidasa, y las fracciones de carbono activo, para evaluar su condición. Se recomienda el uso de dichas actividades como parámetro de evaluación en programas de manejo ambiental para el sistema.
CARACTERIZACIÓN QUÍMICA DE LA MATERIA ORGÁNICA NATURAL DEL RÍO PASTO
Authors: Rosero Moreano Milton , Nerín de la Puerta Cristina , Taborda Ocampo Gonzalo , Rodríguez Martínez Gloria
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo muestra los aspectos más relevantes relacionados con la primera caracterización química de la materia orgánica natural del río Pasto. Para este propósito, fue necesario el uso de técnicas de análisis instrumental moderno tales como la Termoquimólisis-CG-MS, Cromatografía de fraccionamiento en flujo mediante campos; plasma acoplado inductivamente acoplado a espectrometría de masas ICP-MS. Los resultados muestran que los principales componentes de esta materia fueron compuestos orgánicos tales como ácidos carboxílicos, compuestos aromáticos con pesos moleculares alrededor de 5 kDa. La presencia de hierro y cromo son signos de una posible contribución de suelos volcánicos del área ricos en pirita y algunos efluentes descargados sin control de la pequeña industria artesanal del cuero, respectivamente.
DESCOMPOSICIÓN MÍMIMA DE UN AUTOMORFISMO
Authors: Moyano A. R. , Rubio R. M.
Published: December 2023

Es bien conocido que todo automorfismo unimodular de un espacio vectorial puede descomponerse como un producto de transvecciones. En este trabajo depuramos la cantidad mínima de transvecciones que permiten tal descomposición.
ESTADO DEL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD EN COLOMBIA Y SUS AMENAZAS. CONSIDERACIONES PARA FORTALECER LA INTERACCIÓN CIENCIA-POLÍTICA
Authors: Andrade-C. M. Gonzalo
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se evalúa el estado del conocimiento, endemismos, y especies amenazadas de la biota colombiana, con un análisis de la información disponible a la fecha, estudiando el estado de conservación de los principales ecosistemas como son los humedales, páramos, y áreas protegidas comparándolos a la luz de problemas como el cambio climático, la deforestación y minería.
ACOPLAMIENTO DE PLASMONES LOCALIZADOS EN NANOSISTEMAS
Authors: Camacho B Angela s.
Published: December 2023

Con el avance de la nanotecnología se han encontrado propiedades ópticas nuevas de sistemas físicos de tamaño nanométrico que permiten investigar las interacciones de la luz con nanopartículas. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio sistemático del acoplamiento de plasmones localizados en sistemas de dos partículas metálicas dependiendo de la forma, el tamaño y la distancia entre ellas. Observamos el enorme aumento del campo cercano que depende tanto de la creación del plasmón localizado como de la distribución de carga en las superficies y discutimos los diferentes conceptos físicos subyacentes al máximo factor de aumento y a la máxima frecuencia plasmónica.
COMENTARIOS ACERCA DE LA RECEPCIÓN DE LA TEORÍA DE CHARLES DARWIN EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Díaz-Piedrahita Santiago
Published: December 2023

Se comenta la forma como fue recibida por la comunidad intelectual colombiana la obra de Darwin y en particular la teoría del origen de las especies a través de la Selección Natural. En general fue calificada de utilitarista y recibida con poca credibilidad, juzgándola desde un punto de vista puramente religioso o político y no como una teoría biológica. Se presentan algunos testimonios propios de la época que reflejan el momento político y la ideología imperantes.
ORTHOGONAL SYSTEMS AND PERMUTATION POLYNOMIAL VECTORS OVER MODULAR ALGEBRAS
Authors: Gonzalez Victor
Published: December 2023

Known results on orthogonal systems and permutation polynomials vectors over finite fields are extended to modular algebras of the form Lν = K[X]/(p(X)ν ), where K is a finite field, p(X) ∈ K[X] is an irreducible polynomial, ν = 1, 2, . . ., and to the algebra of formal power series L[[Z]], where L1 = K[X]/(p(X)) = L.
GEOLOGÍA ESTRUCTURAL Y ESTRATIGRAFÍA DEL ÁREA MAJAYURA (GUAJIRA)
Authors: Vargas Carlos A. , Montes Luis A. , Ortega Carlos
Published: December 2023

Han sido migradas en profundidad tres líneas sísmicas pre-apiladas en tiempo del programa Majayura-72, en busca de mejorar la coherencia y claridad de reflectores asociadas a las formaciones Cretácicas y Neogenas en el área Majayura, cuenca Baja Guajira. El amarre de las secciones con base en sismogramas sintéticos, corazones y registros de los pozos Los Manantiales–1, Maicao–1, Guaitapa–1 y Saure–1, permitió realizar una interpretación secuencial con el fin de reconocer las unidades y ambientes de depósito en este sector de la cuenca. Ciclos de alta y media frecuencia asociadas al aumento y disminución del nivel base, sugieren al menos dos sucesiones principales. La sucesión Cretácica, con tres secuencias: una secuencia inferior, correspondiente a un ambiente continental; una secuencia intermedia relacionada con un ambiente de plataforma externa a batial. Y una secuencia superior relacionada con un ambiente de plataforma media a externa y limitada al tope por la discordancia a la base del Neogeno. Para la sucesión Neogena, se interpreta un primer ciclo de subida de la relación acomodación-suministro (A/S) que representa una secuencia transgresiva (Mioceno Superior), y se correlaciona con la Formación Jimol. Para el Plioceno (Formación. Castilletes) se definen dos secuencias estratigráficas que representan disminución de la relación A/S, correspondiente a un evento regresivo con marcados cambios eustáticos.