bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digestibility and performance of steers fed varying inclusions of corn silage and modified distillers grains with solubles to partially replace corn in finishing diets1
Authors: Burken D. B. , Nuttelman B. L. , Jolly-Briethaupt M. J. , Gramkow J. L. , Gardine S. E. , Klopfenstein T. J. , MacDonald J. C. , Erickson G. E.
Published: December 2018

Two finishing and 1 digestibility experiment evaluated the partial substitution of corn with corn silage and corn modified distillers grains with solubles (MDGS). Steers were used in Exp. 1 (n = 295; 467 ± 52 kg) and Exp. 2 (n = 225; BW = 348 ± 27 kg) in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments with factors including corn silage (15 or 45%) and MDGS (20 or 40%) plus a control diet consisting of 5% cornstalks and 40% MDGS. In Exp. 1, there were tendencies for a corn silage × MDGS interaction for ADG, final BW, and G:F (P ≤ 0.08). In the overall F-test for G:F, there were no differences between the control treatment and 15:20, 15:40, or 45:40 (P ≥ 0.15), however, steers fed the control treatment had increased G:F compared to steers fed 45:20 treatment diets (P = 0.03). In Exp. 2, there were no corn silage × MDGS interactions (P ≥ 0.12). As corn silage increased in the diet, ADG, final BW, and G:F decreased (P ≤ 0.01). As MDGS increased from 20 to 40%, ADG and G:F tended to improve (P ≤ 0.07). In the overall F-test, the control was not different for G:F from 15:20, 45:20, or 45:40 (P ≥ 0.15), but had a 4.8% poorer G:F compared to 15:40 (P < 0.01). In Exp. 3, ruminally fistulated steers (n = 6) were used in a 5 × 6 Latin rectangle design and fed 15 or 45% corn silage with 20 or 40% MDGS as a 2 × 2 factorial. An additional diet consisting of 95% corn silage and 5% supplement was fed. There were no corn silage × MDGS interactions for nutrient intake, total tract digestibility, ruminal pH measurements, acetate: propionate ratio (A:P), or in-situ disappearance data (P ≥ 0.31) for the 2 × 2 factorial. As corn silage increased in the diet, DMI, NDF intake, ruminal pH, A:P, in-situ NDF disappearance of corn bran, and DM disappearance of corn increased (P ≤ 0.09) with decreases in DM and OM digestibility (P ≤ 0.03). As MDGS increased in the diet, there was an increase in NDF intake, total volatile fatty acid concentration, and NDF disappearance of corn bran (P ≤ 0.03) with no differences for any other tested variables (P ≥ 0.13). In general, increasing corn silage in place of corn in finishing diets containing MDGS results in a modest reduction in ADG and G:F with increases in ruminal pH.
Effect of an injectable trace mineral at the initiation of a 14 day CIDR protocol on heifer performance and reproduction1
Authors: Stokes R. S. , Ralph A. R. , Mickna A. J. , Chapple W. P. , Schroeder A. R. , Ireland F. A. , Shike D. W.
Published: December 2018

Three experiments were conducted at separate locations to determine the effects of a trace mineral injection (TMI), Multimin 90, on heifer performance and reproduction. In Exp. 1, [spring-born, Angus, n = 93, body weight (BW) = 428 ± 45.2 kg], Exp. 2 (spring-born, Angus × Simmental, n = 120, BW = 426 ± 54.0 kg), and Exp. 3 (fall-born, commercial Angus, n = 199, BW = 345 ± 39.7 kg) heifers were stratified by BW within experiment and assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: a control, saline injection, or TMI at a dose of 1 mL/68 kg BW. Free choice mineral, containing Cu, Mn, Se, and Zn formulated to meet or exceed NRC recommendations, was supplemented to heifers. Injections were given 33 d prior to breeding at the initiation of a 14-d controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-prostaglandin protocol. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.37) in BW during Exp. 1. Additionally, there was no difference (P ≥ 0.52) in body condition score (BCS) at initiation or at artificial insemination (AI) and final pregnancy confirmation in Exp. 1; however, a greater (P = 0.03) BCS was noted for control heifers at breeding. Pregnancy rates to timed AI and overall pregnancy rates were also similar (P ≥ 0.74) regardless of treatment. During Exp. 2, BCS and BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.44) across treatments. There was a tendency (P = 0.07) for TMI heifers to have an increased AI pregnancy rate (62 vs. 45%) compared with control heifers despite no difference (P = 0.51) in overall pregnancy rate. In Exp. 3, BW was not different (P ≥ 0.39) across all time points. Also, BCS did not differ (P ≥ 0.45) at initiation, AI, or final pregnancy conformation. Interestingly, there was a tendency (P = 0.10) for TMI heifers to have an increased BCS at the time of breeding compared with control heifers. However, there were no differences (P ≥ 0.50) in AI and overall pregnancy rates. In 1 of 3 experiments, an injectable trace mineral administered 33 d prior to the breeding season in conjunction with a 14-d CIDR protocol, tended to increased AI conception rates of heifers even when adequate trace mineral supplement was provided. The variable response observed across experiments may be caused by differences in breed, calving season, mineral sources, and management strategies.
The comparison of the lactation and milk yield and composition of selected breeds of sheep and goats
Authors: Ferro M. M. , Tedeschi L. O. , Atzori A. S.
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to characterize the milk yield (MY) and milk composition of relevant sheep and goat breeds raised around the world to be used with nutrition models for diet formulation and nutrient balancing. A 2-step approach was used. First, a database developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization was used to identify relevant breeds (i.e., frequently raised) by comparing the occurrence of transboundary breed names across countries. We selected transboundary breeds that occurred more than 3 times and other relevant breeds obtained from the specialized literature that had milk production information (e.g., MY, days in milk, and milk fat, protein, and lactose). The majority of sheep breeds were classified as nondairy (76%) because they lacked milk production information. Karakul and Merino accounted for up to 2.4% of sheep breeds raised around the world, whereas the other individual breeds accounted for less than 1%. In contrast, nondairy breeds of goats accounted for 46.3% and of the remaining 53.7%, Saanen, Boer, Anglo-Nubian, Toggenburg, and Alpine accounted for 6.5, 5, 4.4, 4, and 3%, respectively, of the transboundary breeds. Second, a database compiled from published studies for the selected sheep (n = 65) and goats (n = 78) breeds were analyzed using a random coefficients model (studies and treatments within studies as random effects). For sheep breeds, the average and SD were 1.1 ± 0.3 kg/d for MY, 6.9 ± 1% for milk fat, 5.4 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 5 ± 0.3% for milk lactose, 17.7 ± 1.4% for milk total solids, and 1,073 ± 91 kcal/kg of milk energy. Lacaune had the greatest MY compared to Comisana and Tsigai (1.65 versus 0.83 and 0.62 kg/d; respectively, P < 0.05), but milk components were not different among breeds. For goats breeds, the average and SD across breeds were 1.7 ± 0.6 kg/d for MY, 4.2 ± 0.9% for milk fat, 3.3 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 4.4 ± 0.4% for milk lactose, 12.7 ± 1.1% for milk total solids, and 750 ± 75 kcal/kg of milk energy. Alpine had similar MY to Saanen (2.66 versus 2.55 kg/d, respectively; P > 0.05), but greater (P < 0.05) than other breeds. The Boer breed had the greatest milk fat, protein, lactose, and total solids than several other breeds, leading to the greatest milk energy content (907 kcal/kg). Because there are many factors that can alter MY and milk composition, averages provided in this study serve as guidelines, and nutritionists must obtain observed values when using nutrition models.
Evaluation of the optimal standardized ileal digestible tryptophan:lysine ratio in lactating sow diets
Authors: Greiner L. , Neill C. , Allee G.L. , Touchette K. J. , Connor J.
Published: December 2018

Three hundred and fifteen primiparous and multiparous sows were evaluated in a study to determine the effect of standardized ileal digestible (SID) Trp:Lys ratio in lactating sow diets. Camborough sows (PIC USA, Hendersonville, TN) ranging from first parity to eighth parity were blocked by parity and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 experimental diets containing different levels of added L-Trp (0.006, 0.026, 0.045, and 0.064%, respectively) while soybean meal, 30% corn dried distiller's grain with solubles (DDGS), and L-Lys levels were held constant. The SID Lys level for the rations was 0.95% so that the SID Trp:Lys ratios were formulated to be 14, 16, 18, and 20%, respectively. All diets were formulated to have 3.2 Mcal ME/kg and to contain vitamins and minerals that exceeded NRC (1998) recommendations. Sows were fed twice a day with a Howema computerized feed system and were allowed a maximum intake (5.9 kg/d). Average daily feed intake had a tendency to be quadratically improved when the SID ratio was increased (5.11, 5.28, 5.24, 5.21 kg/d, P = 0.09). In addition, sow wean to estrus (6.71, 5.53, 5.58, 6.33, P < 0.02) was quadratically improved as SID Trp:Lys ratio increased. Percent of sows bred by 10 d (84.39, 90.82, 90.28, 90.61) was not linearly (P = 0.25) or quadratically (P = 0.40) improved. There was no difference in litter gain (2.44, 2.52, 2.60, 2.57 kg/d, P = 0.16). Based on a broken-line quadratic model, when sows are fed 30% DDGS, the SID Trp:Lys ratio of 17.6 is required for optimal sow average daily feed intake and 17.2 for wean to estrus interval.
Review: Effects of Ractopamine Hydrochloride (Paylean) on welfare indicators for market weight pigs1
Authors: Ritter M. J. , Johnson A. K. , Benjamin M. E. , Carr S. N. , Ellis M. , Faucitano L. , Grandin T. , Salak-Johnson J. L. , Thomson D. U. , Goldhawk C. , Calvo-Lorenzo M. S.
Published: December 2018

This review summarizes the effects of ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) dose (5, 7.5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) on market weight pig welfare indicators. Ractopamine hydrochloride (trade name Paylean) is a β-adrenergic agonist that was initially approved in the U.S. in 1999 at doses of 5 to 20 mg/kg to improve feed efficiency and carcass leanness. However, anecdotal reports suggested that RAC increased the rate of non-ambulatory (fatigued and injured) pigs at U.S. packing plants. This led to the addition of a caution statement to the Paylean label, and a series of research studies investigating the effects of RAC on pig welfare. Early research indicated that: (1) regardless of RAC administration, fatigued (non-ambulatory, non-injured) pigs are in a state of metabolic acidosis; (2) aggressive handling increases stress responsiveness at 20 mg/kg RAC, while 5 mg/kg reduces stress responsiveness to aggressive handling. Given this information, dosage range for Paylean was changed in 2006 to 5 to 10 mg/kg in market weight pigs. Subsequent research on RAC demonstrated that: (1) RAC has minimal effects on mortality, lameness, and home pen behavior; (2) RAC fed pigs demonstrated inconsistent prevalence and intensity of aggressive behaviors; (3) RAC fed pigs may be more difficult to handle at doses above 5 mg/kg; and (4) RAC fed pigs may have increased stress responsiveness and higher rates of non-ambulatory pigs when subjected to aggressive handling, especially when 20 mg/kg of RAC is fed.
Effects of bismuth subsalicylate and dietary sulfur level on fermentation by ruminal microbes in continuous culture
Authors: Fessenden S. W. , Carpenter A. J. , Ruiz-Moreno M. , Jenkins T. C. , Stern M. D.
Published: December 2018

In ruminants, excess dietary sulfur can be associated with a reduction in DM intake, poor feedlot performance and sulfur-associated polioencephalomalacia. Bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) has been shown to decrease hydrogen sulfide in vitro. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of BSS inclusion (0 or 0.5% of diet DM) and dietary sulfur (0.21 or 0.42% of diet DM) on microbial fermentation in continuous culture. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Eight dual-flow continuous culture fermenters were used during 2 consecutive 10-d periods consisting of 7 d for stabilization followed by 3 d of sampling. A pelleted feedlot diet containing 39% dry rolled corn, 32% earlage, 21% wet distillers grains, 3.2% corn silage, 1.5% soybean meal, 0.6% urea and 2.7% mineral premix (DM basis) was provided as substrate for microbes at a rate of 75 g of DM × fermenter–1 × d–1. Effluents from sampling days were composited by fermenter within period, resulting in 4 replicates/treatment. Bismuth subsalicylate inclusion decreased (P < 0.01) true OM digestion, while no effects were observed for NDF and ADF digestion. Total VFA concentrations, molar proportions of acetic, propionic, and branched-chained VFA decreased (P < 0.01) with BSS addition. The ratio of acetic to propionic acid and the molar proportion of butyric acid increased (P < 0.01) with BSS addition. In regard to nitrogen metabolism, BSS increased NH3–N concentration, NH3–N and dietary-N flows (P < 0.01), and decreased non-NH3–N flow, microbial-N flow, CP degradation, and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (P < 0.01). Inclusion of BSS increased mean, minimum, and maximum fermentation pH (P < 0.01). Amount of dietary sulfur and BSS inclusion influenced flows of amino acids and fatty acids from fermenters. Influences on fatty acid biohydrogenation and amino acid flows demonstrated an overall suppression of microbial fermentation. Results from this experiment indicate that BSS inclusion at 0.5% of diet DM has detrimental effects on in vitro rumen fermentation in continuous culture.
Relationships among early postmortem loin quality and aged loin and pork chop quality characteristics between barrows and gilts
Authors: Lowell J. E. , Overholt M. F. , Harsh B. N. , Stahl C. A. , Dilger A. C. , Boler D. D.
Published: December 2018

Rapid assessment of pork quality by packers necessitates using early postmortem (∼1 d) traits as an indication of aged pork quality (∼14 d). Efforts have been made to develop a grading system based on color and marbling of the ventral side of boneless loins. In order for this system to be successful, there must be a correlation between early postmortem quality traits observed by packers and the same traits observed by consumers after aging. However, the strength and direction of those correlations are unclear. It is also unknown if the correlations between early and aged postmortem quality differ between barrows (B) and gilts (G). Therefore, the objectives were to determine correlations between early postmortem loin quality characteristics and aged loin quality characteristics, and determine if those correlations differed between barrows and gilts. Early postmortem (∼1 d) quality traits included: instrumental and subjective color, marbling and firmness, and loin pH on the ventral surface of the loin. Loins were aged until 14 d postmortem in vacuum packages. Aged quality traits included traits evaluated early as well as shear force and cook loss. Correlations were compared between barrows and gilts using a Fisher's z test. Overall, early subjective firmness scores of barrows were greater (P < 0.001) than those of gilts. No other early quality traits differed between sexes. Early pH was correlated with aged pH (r = 0.80 B; 0.75 G), ventral lightness (r = –0.57 B; –0.54 G), ventral yellowness (r = –0.55 B; –0.55 G), subjective ventral color (r = 0.55, B; 0.41 G), and subjective chop color (r = 0.42 B; 0.44 G). Correlations of early pH and aged quality did not differ between sexes. Early lightness was correlated with aged ventral pH (r = –0.56) and subjective color (r = –0.39) in barrows but not gilts (P ≤ 0.04). Early lightness was correlated with aged lightness (r = 0.60 B; 0.51 G) and yellowness (r = 0.49 B; 0.55 G), but was not correlated with to any aged chop quality traits. Early marbling was correlated with ventral color (r = 0.42) in barrows and ventral marbling (r = 0.67 B; 0.66 G) and chop marbling (r = 0.57 B; 0.59 G) in barrows and gilts. In summary, early pH and lightness were correlated with aged quality characteristics and correlations rarely differed between barrows and gilts. Sex does not need to be accounted for when relating early and aged quality characteristics.
Disponibilidade de materiais para o tratamento das fraturas diafisárias do fêmur / Availability of materials for femoral shaft fractures fixation in Brazil
Authors: Zamboni Caio , Modesto Daniel Rocha e Silva , Silva Bruno Signoreti Oliveira , Durigan Jorge Rafael , Hungria Neto José Soares , Christian Ralph Walter
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: Verificar como os traumatologistas brasileiros tratam os pacientes com fratura diafisária do fêmur, relacionando o método de tratamento à disponibilidade de material do serviço. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal, onde 241 traumatologistas responderam um questionário no XXIIº Congresso Brasileiro Trauma Ortopédico em Maceió/2016, que consistia de perguntas objetivas, englobando diversos aspectos do tratamento. Resultados: Na urgência, a tração esquelética é realizada por 32% dos entrevistados, o tratamento definitivo por 23%, uso de fixador externo por 22%, tração cutânea por 17% e tala gessada por 5%. A haste intramedular (HIM) está disponível para o tratamento na urgência para 60% dos traumatologistas brasileiros. Tratam com placa de compressão dinâmica 12%, sendo que destes, 76% o fazem por não haver outro implante disponível. Conclusão: Entre os entrevistados, 22% tratam as fraturas isoladas diafisárias do fêmur com HIM na urgência, ao passo que 65% usam essa técnica como "urgência programada".Descritores: Traumatologia/métodos, Cirurgiões ortopédicos/educação, Dispositivos de fixação ortopédica, Fixação intramedular de fraturas; Fraturas do fêmur/cirurgia, Procedimentos ortopédicos/métodos
Blister like aneurysm: a review about its endovascular management / Aneurismas Blister-Like: uma revisão sobre seu tratamento endovascular
Authors: Aguiar Guilherme Brasileiro de , Santos Rafael Gomes dos , Ferraz Vinícius Ricieri , Nunes André Freitas , Aguiar Rodrigo Salmeron de Toledo , Jory Maurício , Conti Mario Luiz Marques , Veiga José Carlos Esteves
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Blood blister-like (BBAs) aneurysms are rare cerebrovascular lesions for which the endovascular treatment methods are reviewed here. The reported pathogenesis varies, and hemodynamic stress, arterial dissection, and arteriosclerotic ulceration have all been described. The excessive fragility of BBAs and their parent vessels, can make microsurgical clipping technically difficult. Surgical treatment is associated with high rates of complications, morbidity, and mortality. The approach to the treatment of BBAs in recent times has shifted from microsurgical treatment to endovascular treatment, thanks to ongoing innovations in regard to endovascular techniques and devices. Method: The authors performed a review of available endovascular techniques used for blood blister-like aneurysms treatment. The Pubmed database was used as source search introducing “blood blister-like aneurysm” and “blister aneurysms” as keywords. The most relevant articles and those that focused on endovascular treatment techniques were selected. Discussion: Endovascular interventional techniques have evolved as an effective treatment for intracranial aneurysms. Considerable interest has emerged regarding the use of endovascular approaches to treat BBAs. In some studies, endovascular treatment of BBAs was associated with high rates of complete occlusion and good mid- to long-term neurological outcomes. Various endovascular techniques have been applied to treat BBAs, such as coil embolization, stenting, stent-assisted coiling and flow-diverting stents. Conclusion: From the available endovascular techniques, flow-diverting stents appears to be the safest and most effective treatment modality, with a higher rate of complete occlusion of an aneurysm and a lower rate of retreatment. The development of novel flow-diverting stents with decreased thrombogenic properties, may represents a key step forward and increases the potential for flow diversion becoming the gold standard for endovascular treatment of BBAs.Keywords: Intracranial aneurysm; Aneurysm, ruptured; Carotid artery disease; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Endovascular procedures
Hidatidose pulmonar e hepática com múltiplos cistos: um relato de caso / Pulmonary and hepatic hydatidosis with multiple cysts: A case report
Authors: Obrigon Ariadne Moura , Rangel Mayara Gomes , Traldi Maria Clara De Camargo , Silveira Matheus Christian da , Dorgan Neto Vicente , Botter Marcio , Saad Junior Roberto
Published: December 2018

A hidatidose é uma infecção parasitária causada por um grupo de helmintos da classe Eucestoda, podendo levar à formação de cistos em seus hospedeiros intermediários, principalmente em fígado e pulmões. A doença apresenta grande relevância na América do Sul, tanto por endêmica em países da região quanto por sua grande morbimortalidade. Neste artigo, é descrito o caso de uma mulher de 36 anos de idade, natural de área rural do Peru e residente em São Paulo - Brasil, que apresentou quadro de tosse, dispneia e hemoptise progressiva ao longo de um ano e meio, além de dor em quadrante superior direito de abdome. Por meio de sorologia e também de tomografias, nas quais foram evidenciados cistos pulmonares de conteúdo líquido e cisto hepático semelhante, foi diagnosticada hidatidose.Após diagnóstico, paciente foi abordada pela equipe da cirurgia torácica do Hospital Central da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo para retirada de cistos pulmonares. Em segundo momento, foi realizada segmentectomia hepática esquerda parcial e dada continuidade ao tratamento clínico com Albendazol. Tendo em vista o impacto desta doença na saúde pública, percebe-se a importância do investimento para sua prevenção, a qual envolve medidas básicas de higiene pessoal e de saneamento.Descritores: Cistos/parasitologia, Equinococose/parasitologia, Equinococose hepática, Equinococose pulmonar, Pneumopatias pulmonares, Fígado/parasitologia
Enabling the Exploration of Binary Copolymer Property Space with Neural Networks
Authors: Wilbraham Liam , Sprick Seb , Jelfs Kim , Zwijnenburg Martijn
Published: December 2018

The extremely large number of unique polymer compositions that can be achieved through copolymerisation makes it an attractive strategy for tuning their optoelectronic properties. However, this same attribute also makes it challenging to explore the resulting property space and understand the range of properties that can be realised. In an effort to enable the rapid exploration of this space in the case of binary copolymers, we train a neural network using a tiered data generation strategy to accurately predict the optical and electronic properties of 350,000 binary copolymers that are, in principle, synthesizable from their dihalogen monomers via Yamamoto, or Suzuki-Miyaura and Stille coupling after one-step functionalisation. By extracting general features of this property space that would otherwise be obscured in smaller datasets, we identify simple models that effectively relate the properties of these copolymers to the homopolymers of their constituent monomers. We find that binary copolymerisation does not appear to allow access to regions of the optoelectronic property space that are not already sampled by the homopolymers, although conceptually allows for more fine-grained property control. Using the large volume of data available, we test the hypothesis that copolymerisation of ‘donor’ and ‘acceptor’ monomers can result in copolymers with a lower optical gap than their related homopolymers and propose a heuristic to predict promising combinations of monomers for which this behaviour is likely. Finally, through a ‘topographical’ analysis of the co-polymer property space, we show how this large volume of data can be used to identify dominant monomers in specific regions of property space that may be amenable to a variety of applications, such as organic photovoltaics, light emitting diodes, and thermoelectrics.
Evaluation of the IP-EOMCCSD Method for Estimating Experimental Ionization Potentials Using 53 Medium Sized Molecules
Authors: Buzzanca Marissa , Brummeyer Brandon , Gutow Jonathan
Published: December 2018

Vertical ionization potentials (IPs) computed using the IP-EOMCCSD method are reported for 53 medium sized molecules (6 – 32 atoms) and compared with average experimental vertical IPs. The calculations are practical on a modest computational cluster and yield good agreement with experimental values using the aug-cc-pVDZ basis set, with an average deviation from the experimental IP of −0.04 eV. The accuracy of IP computations appears to be approaching the point where possible systematic experimental errors can be identified. Although good extrapolations to the complete basis set limit for the IP are achievable using just the aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets, deviations of the extrapolation from experimental values suggest that inclusion of higher order "triples" may make the computational method more broadly applicable. Examination of experimental spectra for ethylene, E-2-butene, 2,5-dihydrofuran and pyrrole reinforces the observations of Davidson and Jarzęcki1 that experimental vertical IPs are usually extracted from experimental data in a manner that does not account for band asymmetries, making direct comparison to computations difficult. Despite the good agreement with experiment when using the aug-cc-pVDZ basis set, for the molecules investigated most of these reported experimental IPs are below the actual value, likely by no more than 0.4 eV. This set of 53 molecules is recommended as a benchmark comparison set for computational and experimental IP results.
A informação como objeto de estudo: histórico da pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação na Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Tarapanoff Kira , Alvares Lillian
Published: December 2018

Descreve o contexto, criação e a trajetória dos cursos de pós-graduação da atual Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília. Na gênese e histórico da criação de seu Mestrado em Biblioteconomia e Documentação, detém-se nas principais linhas de pesquisa que orientaram o desenvolvimento de suas dissertações, com destaque para alguns trabalhos. Em sua evolução, descreve a criação do Doutorado e a integração das várias áreas que tem como objeto de estudo a informação, como a Biblioteconomia, Arquivologia e Museologia, colocadas sob um mesmo guarda-chuva de pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação. Analisa quantitativamente o período de 2006 a 2018, com visualizações sobre temáticas de pesquisa e defesas realizadas em seu mestrado e doutorado. Conclui pela necessidade de se integrar e antecipar de forma contínua e adequada às novas necessidades informacionais de usuários e organizações, face às mudanças tecnológicas e culturais da sociedade.
O impacto do trabalho The Forms of Capital de Pierre Bourdieu na literatura científica internacional
Authors: Corrêa Maurício de Vargas , Rubén Alvarez Gonzalo , Vanz Samile Andrea De Souza , Caregnato Sônia Elisa
Published: December 2018

Aborda o impacto do trabalho The Forms of Capital de Pierre Bourdieu na literatura científica internacional por meio da análise das citações feitas a ele em publicações científicas. Através de um estudo bibliométrico, 5.631 documentos indexados na base Web of Science, que citaram o trabalho desde sua publicação até 2016, foram analisados e caracterizados quanto ao ano de publicação, idioma, tipologia documental, periódico de publicação, áreas do conhecimento, temas, instituições e países citantes. Os resultados sugerem (1) o crescimento exponencial do volume de citações recebidas, (2) o inglês como o idioma predominante nas publicações citantes, (3) a expressividade das citações de artigos científicos e artigos de revisão, (4) a grande dispersão dos artigos citantes em 1.637 títulos de periódicos, (5) a Sociologia, a Educação e Pesquisa Educacional e a Administração como as áreas que mais citaram o trabalho do autor, (6) a formação de clusters de termos teoricamente relacionados e a existência de linhas de investigação dentro do corpus, (7) a variedade de instituições citantes e (8) a concentração de publicações citantes nos países da América do Norte, Europa e Oceania. Conclui que o impacto do trabalho The Forms of Capital pode ser observado na produção científica de diversos países e áreas do conhecimento.
ИНСТИТУТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ
Authors: Шахтаманова Лейла Гаджикурбановна , Арсланова Хадижат Джавадовна , Алиев Магомед Абдуллаевич
Published: December 2018

Цель работы. Настоящее исследование посвящено особенностям развития институтов регионального развития. Изучены основные тенденции развития институтов регионального развития. Методы исследования. Комплексный анализ современных институтов регионального развития. Результаты. Определены основные проблемы создания институтов регионального развития, связанные с отсутствием отдельного нормативного регулирования деятельности, теоретико-методологических и практических разработок в данной области, сотрудничества федерация-субъект, согласованности между такими группами, как наука, власть, образование и бизнес. Область применения результатов. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, могут представлять интерес для государственных федеральных, региональных и муниципальных органов. Выводы. Система региональных институтов развития – это не просто инструмент государственной политики, ее основная цель заключается в кардинальных изменениях экономики. Существует необходимость во взаимном интегрировании науки, власти, образования и бизнеса. Отсутствие согласованности между этими группами приводит к отсутствию системности в создании институтов регионального развития.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ, РЫНКА ТРУДА И ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЙ МОЛОДЁЖИ В ВОПРОСАХ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ВЫБОРА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ Г. МАХАЧКАЛЫ)
Authors: Стофарандова Виктория Васильевна
Published: December 2018

Цель работы заключается в изучении методических подходов, форм и методов регулирования занятости молодежи в Республике Дагестан как одного из слабозащищенного слоя населения, нуждающегося в государственной поддержке и основных причин молодёжной безработицы в Дагестане, вызванных «разрывом» современного образования и рынка труда, в условиях трудоизбыточности региона. Методологией проведения исследования послужили фундаментальные труды отечественных и зарубежных исследователей проблем взаимодействия системы образования и сферы применения труда молодёжи. Исследование основывается на общенаучной методологии, которая предусматривает применение метода опроса респондентов, обработки и анализа полученных результатов. Результаты. Процесс скоординированного развития рынка труда и образовательных услуг сегодня нарушен. Сокращение потребности в определённых профессиях, отсутствие социально-экономических программ занятости, слабая связь учебных заведений с предприятиями по подготовке специалистов под конкретные рабочие места – всё это свидетельствует о межведомственном разобщении, приводит к утрате ориентиров подготовки кадров с соответствующим уровнем профессионального образования, негативно отражается на судьбе и стартовом успехе молодого человека. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведения исследования могут быть использованы при комплексной диагностике и прогнозировании процессов безработицы среди молодёжи и тенденций занятости в РД. Эти данные могут способствовать оптимизации деятельности Центра занятости населения г. Махачкалы, как подведомственной структуре Министерства труда и социального развития Республики Дагестан.
ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ: АНАЛИЗ ПРОЕКТА ДОКТРИНЫ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (ЧАСТЬ I)
Authors: Прокопьев Михаил Григорьевич
Published: December 2018

Предмет работы. Рассматривается совокупность взглядов на цели, задачи и основные направления экономической политики в области обеспечения продовольственной безопасности Российской Федерации, составляющих суть Доктрины продовольственной безопасности. Метод исследования. Сопоставление и анализ основных положений действующей Доктрины продовольственной безопасности и проекта Доктрины продовольственной безопасности в новой редакции, подготовленного Минсельхозом России от 15.01.2018 г. Результаты работы. Проведен анализ проекта Доктрины продовольственной безопасности в новой редакции. Выводы. Проект новой редакции Доктрины продовольственной безопасности давно назрел, но вряд ли является шагом вперед. Методические подходы к разработке проекта Доктрины остались практически неизменными. Проект новой редакции Доктрины нуждается в дальнейшем совершенствовании.
Caracterização e Avaliação das Respostas Espectrais de Alvos no município de Itapemirim, ES, por meio de Sensoriamento Remoto Orbital (Characterization and Evaluation of Spectral Response of Targets in the municipality of Itapemirim, ES, by means of Remote Orbital Sensing)
Authors: Magalhães Ivo Augusto Lopes , Xavier Alexandre Cândido
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a resposta espectral dos alvos floresta estacional submontana, floresta estacional semidecidual, duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.), solo exposto, área urbana e corpo hídrico por meio do satélite Landsat – 5TM no município de Itapemirim, ES. A metodologia consistiu na obtenção da imagem por meio do catálogo de imagens do INPE. Por conseguinte, realizou-se o processamento digital de imagem expresso na sequência metodológica: Mosaico, Registro, Correção atmosférica e transformação para reflectância bidirecional. Por meio dos resultados comprovou-se que floresta estacional semidecidual apresentou maior absorção na região do VIS em relação a floresta estacional submontana. Entretanto, as duas formações florestais apresentaram comportamento espectral típico de uma vegetação sadia, com predomínio de baixos valores de reflectância na faixa espectral do azul e vermelho, média reflectância no canal do verde e uma alta reflectância no infravermelho próximo. Os dados do sensor TM foram eficazes para obtenção e caracterização das curvas espectrais da vegetação, cana-de-açúcar, solo exposto e corpo hídrico na área em estudo. Para estudos com maior precisão de resposta espectral de área urbana, sugere-se o uso de imagens de satélite de alta resolução espacial para coleta do perfil espectral de maneira pontual. A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study was to characterize and to evaluate the spectral response of submontane seasonal forest, semideciduous seasonal forest, two sugarcane varieties (Saccharum officinarum L.), exposed soil, urban area and water body by means of the Landsat - 5TM satellite in the municipality of Itapemirim, ES. The methodology consisted in obtaining the image through the INPE image catalog. Therefore, the digital image processing expressed in the methodological sequence was performed: Mosaic, Record, Atmospheric correction and transformation for bidirectional reflectance. By means of the results, it was verified that semidecidual seasonal forest presented greater absorption in the VIS region in relation to submontane seasonal forest. However, the two forest formations showed typical spectral behavior of healthy vegetation, with low reflectance values in the spectral range of blue and red, medium reflectance in the green channel and high reflectance in the near infrared. The TM sensor data were effective for obtaining and characterizing the spectral curves of vegetation, sugarcane, exposed soil and water body in the study area. For studies with greater accuracy of urban area spectral response, it is suggested the use of satellite images of high spatial resolution to collect the spectral profile in a punctual way.Keywords: Geoprocessing; Natural Resources; Urban area.
Application of RapidEye high-resolution satellite images to population resilience analysis along on the banks of the Una River, Palmares, Pernambuco, Brazil (Aplicação de imagens de satélite de alta resolução RapidEye para análise da resiliência da população as margens do Rio Una, Palmares-PE, Brasil)
Authors: Silva Betânia Queiroz da , Silva Luciana Maria da , Schuler Carlos Alberto Borba
Published: December 2018

In 2010, Palmares city, located in the state of Pernambuco, suffered an extensive environmental impact due to a strong flood of the Una River, with major repercussions for resident population. This work presents a post-flood socio environmental situation, due to this event being considered of high magnitude. For this was used the RapidEye spatial high-resolution satellite image of year 2015 to check the occupation of the area, contrasted with on-site visit and the data of Floods Susceptibility Maps belonging to Geological Survey of Brazil – (in Portuguese CPRM), which enabled us identify the area classification as of high, medium and low risk. In this context stand out that interventions had been taken by the government to combat and minimize new flood due the risk area for the population. The development Floods Susceptibility Maps and Digital Terrain Models (DTM) are necessary to forecasting of risk for this were used. From the analyzes it was evidenced that the population continues to occupying many affected areas by floods and that even with the public projects development to combat the floods, the region is still very vulnerable. Therefore, the affected areas monitoring is a substantial factor to detect the impacts and to forestall the future risks. It is noteworthy that all products were generated from the high-resolution image data, which allow a better interpretation of area and improve in the projects restructuring.
Comportamento climático do balanço do vento térmico na América do Sul de acordo com os eventos ENOS: Estudo preliminar (Climatic behavior of thermal wind balance in South America according to ENSO events: Preliminary study)
Authors: Lima Mônica Vaz , Nunes André Becker
Published: December 2018

O balanço do vento térmico indica a relação entre o gradiente meridional de temperatura e o cisalhamento vertical do vento, o que explica a existência do jato de altos níveis – chamado de corrente de jato, ou simplesmente jato – em latitudes médias e altas. É esperado que a posição do jato corresponda a condições de instabilidade em superfície. O fenômeno climático ENOS (El Niño-Oscilação Sul) provoca uma alteração no gradiente de temperatura em baixos níveis, pois muda o padrão normal de temperatura da superfície do mar do Pacífico Tropical leste. Assim, o presente trabalho usa dados de reanálise II do NCEP (1981-2010) para analisar como que as três diferentes fases do ENOS (El Niño, La Niña e neutra) modificam o padrão médio climatológico de balanço do vento térmico no continente sulamericano. Primeiramente, os resultados mostraram boa associação entre os núcleos do jato e as regiões de maior gradiente de temperatura em 850 hPa. Nos períodos de La Niña, o jato apresentou-se mais intenso no inverno sobre o continente. Já em anos de El Niño observou-se jato mais intenso em latitudes médias sobre o Pacífico, na costa oeste do continente, principalmente no verão e primavera, indicando que o incremento de temperatura na superfície do mar no Pacífico acarreta em maior gradiente de temperatura em latitudes médias e, consequentemente, em uma corrente de jato mais intensa.   A B S T R A C TThe thermal wind balance shows the relation between meridional gradient of temperature and vertical wind shear, explaining the existence of the upper-tropospheric jet – called jet stream, or simply jet – in high and mid-latitudes. It is expected that jet position is associated to instability conditions in surface. The climate phenomenon ENSO (El Niño-South Oscillation) causes a perturbation in the low levels temperature gradient, since that changes the normal pattern of sea surface temperature of eastern tropical Pacific ocean. Thus, this work employs NCEP II reanalyses dataset (1981-2010) to analyze how the three phases of ENSO (El Niño, La Niña and neutral) modify the climatic pattern of thermal wind balance in the South American continent. First, the results showed good association between jet streaks and the regions with highest temperature gradient at 850 hPa. During La Niña periods the jet stream had become more intense in the winter, over the continent. On the other hand, during El Niño, a more intense jet was observed in the mid-latitudes over Pacific, on the west coast of the continent, mainly in summer and spring, indicating that the increase in sea surface temperature in Pacific entails a higher mid-latitudes temperature gradient and, therefore, a more intense jet stream.Keywords: jet stream, meridional gradient of temperature, El Niño, La Niña
As Características Hidrológicas do solo de Várzea e sua Vulnerabilidade ao Processo de Terras Caídas na Amazônia Central (BR) (Las Caracteristicas Hidrológicas del suelo de la LLanura y su Vulnerabilidad al Proceso de Tierras Caídas en la Amazônia Central (BR))
Authors: Magalhães Regiane Campos , Vieira Antônio Fábio Sabbá Guimarães
Published: December 2018

Foi investigada a elevação do nível piezométrico, juntamente com dados secundários de pluviometria e fluviometria, buscando entender como essas variáveis hidrológicas tornam vulnerável o solo de várzea ao processo de Terras Caídas. Com esse objetivo foram construídos e instalados quatro piezômetros em duas cicatrizes de Terras Caídas, localizada na Costa do Iranduba (AM). Ademais, foram adquiridos e analisados dados de cota do último dia de cada mês, além de dados mensais de pluviometria, ambos da Estação de Manacapuru. Os resultados permitiram concluir que ocorreu uma descida retardatária do nível piezométrico em relação à cota do rio Solimões. O nível piezométrico acompanhou a topografia do terreno durante o período da vazante. O período mais chuvoso (fev./mar. de 2011) foi observado reduzida mobilização de solo, enquanto o menos chuvoso (ago./set. de 2011), grande remoção de material das margens, em diferentes períodos da cota do rio, determinando a vulnerabilidade do solo as Terras Caídas.   R E S U M E NFue investigada la elevación del nivel piezométrico y analizados los datos secundarios de pluviometría y fluviometria, buscando entender como esas variables hidrológicas tornan vulnerable el suelo de la llanura al proceso de Tierras Caídas. Con esa finalidad fueran construidos e instalados cuatro piezómetros en dos cicatrices de Tierras Caídas, ubicadas en la Costa del Municipio de Iranduba (AM). Además, fueron adquiridos y analizados datos de la cota del último día de cada mes, además de datos de pluviometría, ambos de la Estación de Manacapuru. Los resultados permitieron concluir que ocurrió una disminución retardada del nivel piezométrico en relación a la cota del rio Solimões. El nivel piezométrico acompaño la topografía del terreno durante el periodo de vaciante. Durante los meses de febrero/marzo de 2011 (período más lluvioso) fue observado reducida mobilización del suelo, mientras que en los meses de agosto/septiembre del 2011 (período menos lluvioso) fue observada una gran remoción de material de las márgenes en diferentes períodos de la cota del rio, determinando la vulnerabilidad del suelo a las Tierras Caídas.Palabras Clave: piezómetro, movimientos de masa, comunidad del Divino Espírito Santo.
Probabilidade de chuva em Piracicaba, SP, através da distribuição densidade de probabilidade Gama (Probability of Rain in Piracicaba, SP, by Distributing Probability Density Gamma)
Authors: Assis Janilson Pinheiro , Sousa Roberto Pequeno de , Batista Bem Deivid de Oliveira , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar 110 ajustes das distribuições densidade de probabilidade gama da série histórica da precipitação pluviométrica, para o período de 1917 a 2002, em Piracicaba, SP. Para cada série de dados, foi determinado os parâmetros de forma e escala da distribuição gama para os períodos pentadial, decendial e mensal. O período chuvoso foi considerado os dias de precipitação pluviométrica maiores ou iguais a 5 mm. Para verificar a qualidade do ajuste dos dados de observação, foram utilizados os testes de aderência de qui-quadrado e Kolmogorov-Smirnov, em que os resultados foram não significativos (valor p ≥ 0,10), verificando uma ótima estimação para os dados de precipitação pluvial.
Uso de sistemas de classificação climática para o município de Barbalha - CE (Use of climate classification systems for the municipality of Barbalha – CE)
Authors: Matos Rigoberto Moreira de , Silva Patrícia Ferreira da , Borges Vitória Ediclécia , Sobrinho Thiago Galvão , Saboya Luciano Marcelo Fallé , Dantas Neto José
Published: December 2018

A classificação climática é fundamental para o conhecimento das condições climáticas de uma região, podendo auxiliar no planejamento agrícola e na tomada de decisão. Objetivou-se realizar a classificação climática para o município de Barbalha - CE, utilizando dois sistemas que consideram diferentes formas de identificação das características do clima. Utilizou-se uma série histórica de 1973 a 2016 de precipitação e temperatura do ar para o cálculo do balanço hídrico; dos índices hídrico, aridez e umidade; e a concentração da evapotranspiração potencial na estação quente. A classificação climática foi realizada utilizando os sistemas de Köppen e de Thornthwaite. O sistema de Köppen definiu o clima da região como tropical com estação seca no inverno (Aw). Justificado pelo fato da quadra chuvosa coincidir com a estação de verão. Para o de Thornthwaite o clima é seco, subúmido, megatérmico, grande deficiência hídrica no inverno e 31,5% da evapotranspiração potencial anual concentrada no trimestre mais quente (C1A’W2a’). Os sistemas de classificação climática utilizados definiram que na estação inverno ocorrem os maiores déficits hídricos, resultado importante para o planejamento agrícola e tomada de decisão pelos produtores. A B S T R A C TThe climatic classification is fundamental for the knowledge of the climatic conditions of a region, being able to aid in the agricultural planning and the decision making. The objective of this study was to carry out the climatic classification for the municipality of Barbalha - CE, using two systems that consider different ways of identifying the characteristics of the climate. A historical series from 1973 to 2016 of precipitation and air temperature was used to calculate the water balance; of index hidric, aridity and humidity; and the concentration of potential evapotranspiration in the hot season. The climatic classification was performed using the Köppen and Thornthwaite systems. The Köppen system defined the region's climate as tropical with dry season in winter (Aw). Justified by the fact that the rainy season coincides with the summer season. For Thornthwaite the climate is dry, subhumid, metamérmico, great water deficiency in the winter and 31.5% of the annual potential evapotranspiration concentrated in the warmest quarter (C1A’W2a’). The climatic classification systems used defined the greatest water deficits in the winter season, an important result for the agricultural planning and decision making by the producers.Keywords: evapotranspiration, water deficit, climatic indexes.