bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobility of Scholars, Expansion of Linguistic / Cognitive Space, and Translation. Asian Education in Modern Time. Presentation
Authors: Suzuki Shinichi , Rao Parimala V
Published: July 2020

Taking modern time into historical considerations, the era from the mid-19thcentury to the end of the 20th century was full of heterogeneous facts and events, including the two World Wars. Of such diverse national histories, movement of people crossing borders was common to a greater extent for Asians. In this special edition, v. 7, n. 2 (2020), the editors choose first the mobility of students as a common trend in history. The second commonality is the problems of language teaching. Japan introduced modern knowledge and skills from Europe and America. It was urgent to acquire languages of European people so that they might understand European thought and institutions as correctly as possible. Another question addressed in this Special Issue is what kind of translation there could be between nations. This kind of question reminds us of a common task for the Asians to establish their national languages. Mutual dialogue between different nations should require either common language or translation. The translation must cover not only vocabulary but concept and way of thinking. Special attention is paid too to the question of the types of tertiary education institutions which were modified into plural forms, and their curriculum and teaching styles were also re-directed towards capabilities adaptable to market needs.
Kontroversi Penerapankurikulum 2013 dalam Kajian Filsafat Ilmu Berbasis Paradigma Kritical Neurman
Authors: Priyono Ery Agus
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe history of education in Indonesia often changes, like every time there is a change of Minister of Education, always followed per period of the curriculum system. The Indonesian Education Curriculum since 1945 already exists, namely in 1947, 1952, 1964, 1968, 1975, 1984, 1994, 2004, and 2006. This impact on the quality of Indonesian education has not yet met clear and steady quality standards. A philosophical study is a means of thinking by empowering the human mind to the maximum extent possible, in a fundamental (radical), comprehensive, towards the objects of research. The critical paradigm used in this learning is an invention that is used to describe what is used by illusion, consequently, that social reality must always be criticized and evaluated, which is the right understanding. The results of this study are used to look at three aspects, namely: ontology aspects, epistemological aspects, and Axiological aspectsKey Words : Curriculum, 2006 and 2013 curriculum, Critical Paradigm.AbstraksiSejarah kurikulum pendidikan di Indonesia kerap berubah, ibarat setiap ada pergantian Menteri Pendidikan, selalu diikuti pergantian sistem kurikulum. Kurikulum Pendidikan Indonesia sejaktahun 1945, telah mengalami perubahan, yaitu pada tahun 1947, 1952, 1964, 1968, 1975, 1984, 1994, 2004, dan 2006. Hal ini berdampak pada mutu pendidikan Indonesia hingga kini belum memenuhi standar mutu yang jelas dan mantap. kajian filosofis adalah suatu sarana berfikir dengan memperdayakan akal manusia semaksimal mungkin, secara mendasar (radikal), menyeluruh (comprehensive) terhadap suatu entitas obyek kajian. Paradigma Kritikal yang digunakan dalam kajian ini mencoba mencari jawaban yang melampaui penampakan di permukaan saja yang seringkali didominasi oleh ilusi, konsekuensinya,bahwa realitas sosial itu harus senantiasa dikritisi dan dievaluasi, yang hasilnya adalah sebuah pemahaman yang jernih, pemahaman atas dasar kesadaran dan keyakinan. Hasil kajian ini dapata dilihat dari tiga aspek yaitu: aspek ontologi, aspek Epistemologis, dan aspek aksiologis.Kata kunci : Perubahan Kurikulum, kurikulum 2006 dan 2013, Paradigma Kritikal.
Mengenal Karateristik Pengaturan Tanah Bengkok Di Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Agung Basuki
Published: July 2020

Research Aims to find out the characteristics of crooked land regulation in Indonesia. The research method is legal research. the results of the study indicate that the Characteristics of Crooked Land Regulations in Indonesia can be explained through three bases, among them are about crooked land according to customary law, bent land according to Law number 5 of 1960 and crooked land according to Crooked Land according to Indonesian Law No. 6 of 2014. Crooked land has various forms, can be in the form of rice fields, dry land or in the form of fish ponds or ponds. The surrender of land is crooked to the village head and his device, but this will again be the village's right if the Village Head and his apparatus no longer hold office, so that the crooked land will be handed back to the Village Head and Village Equipment who replaced himPenelitian Bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengenal karateristik pengaturan tanah bengkok di Indonesia. Metode penelitian merupakan penelitian hukum. hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa Karateristik Pengaturan Tanah Bengkok Di Indonesia dapat dijelaskan melalui tiga dasar, diantaranya adalah tentang tanah bengkok menurut hukum adat, tanah bengkok menurut UU nomor 5 tahun 1960 dan Tanah bengkok menurut Tanah Bengkok Menurut Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 2014. Tanah bengkok memiliki bentuk yang bermacam-macam, dapat berupa tanah persawahan, tanah tegalan maupun berupa kolam ikan atau tambak. Penyerahan tanah bengkok kepada kepala desa dan perangkatnya, namun hal tersebut akan kembali menjadi hak desa jika Kepala Desa dan perangkatnya tidak menjabat lagi, sehingga tanah bengkok akan diserahkan kembali kepada Kepala Desa dan Perangkat Desa yang menggantikannya.
Analisis Politik Hukum Dan Implementasinya
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati , Hendrawati Dewi
Published: July 2020

The relationship between politics and law is very familiar, the law is a legislation that is actually a crystallization of political wills that interact and influence each other. Political law is defined as the official line of state policy to create and enact legislation in order to achieve the goals and goals of the state as contained in the preamble of the Constitution of 1945 Alenia IV. Implementation of legal politics in the form of legislation that is used as a tool to achieve state goals, in accordance with the national legal framework of national law, which can be seen in PROLEGNAS AND PROLEGDA.Keyword:  law, politics, implementation. ABSTRAKHubungan antara politik dan hukum sangat akrab, hukum  merupakan peraturan perundang-undangan yang sebenarnya adalah kristalisasi dari kehendak-kehendak politik yang saling berinteraksi dan saling mempengaruhi. Politik hukum diartikan sebagai garis resmi kebijakan negara untuk membuat dan menetapkan peraturan perundang-undangan guna mencapai cita-cita dan tujuan negara seperti yang terdapat pada pembukaan UUD NRI 1945 alenia IV. Implementasi politik hukum berupa ditetapkannya perundang-undangan yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk mencapai tujuan negara, yang sesuai dengan kerangka dasar politik hukum nasional, yang dapat dilihat di PROLEGNAS DAN PROLEGDA.
Antara Ratna Sarumpaet dan Ahmad Zahid Hamidi: Konsep Penahanan Indonesia Salah?
Authors: Pangaribuan Luhut M.P
Published: July 2020

Kesalahan dalam proses penegakan hukum lebih kejam dari pelanggaran hukum itu sendiri. Perbedaan proses pemeriksaan kasus Ratna Sarumpaet di Indonesia dan Ahmad Zahid Hamidi di Malaysia khususnya tentang penahanan, menjadi soal bagaimana memahami konsep penahanan dan pelaksanaannya yang benar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kesalahan penerapan konsep penahanan bisa mengakibatkan kerugian keuangan Negara karena setiap tahanan harus tetap hidup layak dengan segala fasilitas yang disyaratkan juga tidak akan mendukung peradilan yang adil atau fair trial. Bahkan lebih jauh sesungguhnya yang dilakukan bukan penahanan lagi tapi sudah kembali ke asas-usulnya yaitu perampasan kemerdekaan yang merupakan satu perbuatan melawan hukum yakni tindak pidana sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 333 KUHP.
Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Dalam Hal Perlindungan Nasabah Pada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah
Authors: Musyafah Aisyah Ayu
Published: July 2020

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan atau OJK sebagai lembaga pengawas lembaga keuangan bertugas untuk melakukan pengawasan terhadap lembaga keuangan di Indonesia. Lembaga keuangan disini termasuk lembaga keuangan mikro dengan basis syariah. Salah satu tujuan pengawasan OJK ini adalah melindungi nasabah dari berbagai permasalahan dengan lembaga keuangan. Pada penelitian ini akan difokuskan mengenai peran OJK dalam perlindungan nasabah pada lembaga keuangan mikro syariah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah diketahui bahwa peran OJK dalam hal perlindungan nasabah adalah dalam bentuk pelayanan pengaduan Konsumen yang meliputi penyiapan perangkat yang memadai, membuat mekanisme pengaduan Konsumen, dan memfasilitsi penyelesaian pengaduan.
Hak Guna Usaha (HGU) Hapus Karena Diterlantarkan (Studi Kasus HGU PT Bali Anacardia/BA di Kabupaten Sumba Timur, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Authors: Silviana Ana
Published: July 2020

Hak atas tanah adalah hak yang diberikan kepada pemegang hak atas tanah untuk mempergunakan atau mengambil manfaat tanah yang dihakinya, agar dapat bermanfaat bagi dirinya sendiri, keluarga, masyarakat dan negara. Prinsip dari hak atas tanah adalah berfungsi sosial, sehingga hak atas tanah apabila tidak diusahakan sesuai dengan peruntukan pemberian haknya akan terkena sanksi hapus nya hak atas tanah yang bersangkutan. PT BA yang bergerak di bidang perkebunan jambu mete, tanah HGUnya telah ditetapkan sebagai tanah telantar pada tahun 2013. Makalah ini akan mengkaji secara normatif mengenai penyebab penetapan sebagai tanah telantar, dan upaya yang dapat dilakukan terhadap pemilik tanah yang ditetapkan sebagai tanah telantar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekonomi dan faktor teknis yang menyebabkan tanah ditetapkan sebagai tanah telantar, dan upaya hukum yang dilakukan oleh pemegang hak mengajukan gugatan ke PTUN.
Peran Pemerintah dalam Pengelolaan Limbah Medis pada Apotek dan Praktik Bidan Mandiri
Authors: Satria Adhi Putra
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini akan menganalisis bagaimana peran pemerintah dalam pengelolaan limbah medis pada Apotik dan praktik bidan mandiri, serta bagaimana hambatannya. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada data skunder, yaitu Undang-Undang, kemudian oleh penulis dianalisis,hingga menemukan suatu permasalahan dalam pengelolaan limbah medis di Indonesia saat ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, saat ini pemerintah sudah menggunakan kewenanganya dalam mengelola limbah medis yang dihasilkan oleh aktifitas pelayanan kesehatan, dimana kewenanganya tersebut diatur dalam peraturan menteri lingkungan hidup dan kehutanan nomor P.56/melhk-setjen/2015, namun ruang lingkup pengaturan dalam peraturan tersebut, hanya ditunjukan bagi pengelolaan limbah yang dihasilkan oleh rumah sakit, klinik, dan puskesmas saja. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan ketidakpastian hukum terhadap pengelolaan limbah medis pada pelayanan kesehatan seperti, Apotik, dan praktik bidan mandiri.Sehingga kesimpulan penelitian ini, adalah memberikan masukan agar pemerintah merevisi kembali pengaturan mengenai pengelolaan limbah medis dengan cara memperluas ruang lingkup pengaturan limbah medis untuk seluruh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan termasuk Apotik, dan praktik bidan mandiri.
Chirality of β2-agonists. An overview of pharmacological activity, stereoselective analysis, and synthesis
Authors: Ružena Čižmáriková , Jindra Valentová , Renáta Horáková
Published: July 2020

β2-Agonists (β2-adrenergic agonists, bronchodilatants, and sympathomimetic drugs) are a group of drugs that are mainly used in asthma and obstructive pulmonary diseases. In practice, the substances used to contain one or more stereogenic centers in their structure and their enantiomers exhibit different pharmacological properties. In terms of bronchodilatory activity, (R)-enantiomers showed higher activity. The investigation of stereoselectivity in action and disposition of chiral drugs together with the preparation of pure enantiomer drugs calls for efficient stereoselective analytical methods. The overview focuses on the stereoselectivity in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of β2-agonists and summarizes the stereoselective analytical methods for the enantioseparation of racemic beta-agonists (HPLC, LC-MS, GC, TLC, CE). Some methods of the stereoselective synthesis for β2-agonists preparation are also presented.
A self-breaking supramolecular plugging system as lost circulation material in oilfield
Authors: Zhang Hanshi , Jiang Guancheng
Published: July 2020

Lost circulation is a frequently encountered problem during workover operations of a low-pressure reservoir. Many lost circulation materials (LCM) have been used to solve the problem, but various disadvantages still exist, for example, oil-soluble materials are easy to get stuck in the pipe string as the temperature drops and gel time and gel strength of the cross-linking gel systems are difficult to control in the occasion of inadequate stirring. A self-breaking supramolecular plugging system used to control lost circulation of workover operations is developed, and it can encounter the aforementioned disadvantages of the traditional LCM. The system forms a space grid structure by non-covalent bonds between the molecules without adding a cross-linking agent. Sand beds plugged with the supramolecular plugging system had a pressure bearing capacity of 4.5 MPa. The self-breaking rate of the supramolecular system was 100% after 7 days at a temperature of 120°C. The core permeability recovery of the self-breaking liquid was 91.9%, indicated that the plugging system is compatible of the reservoir. The supramolecular plugging system has been used in four wells in the Jidong oilfield of East China. Field practice showed that the supramolecular LCM can effectively control lost circulation at different rates during workover operations. The increase in the daily fluid after operations indicated that the slurry has not damaged the reservoir.
Sinoporphyrin sodium, a novel sensitizer for photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy
Authors: Liu Han-Qing , An Ya-Wen , Li Zhi-Wen , Li Wei-Xin , Yuan Bo , Wang Jian-Chun , Jin Hong-Tao , Wang Cheng
Published: July 2020

Sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) is a novel sensitizer discovered by Professor Fang Qi-Cheng and widely used in photodynamic (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). We searched databases including PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, etc. for system review of its progress. We found that, both DVDMS-PDT and -SDT had been proven effective for inhibiting tumor growth and mechanisms involved reactive oxygen species, autophagy, and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Material advances enhanced antitumor effects and expanded its application. The safety of DVDMS in animals was evaluated, and metabolic parameters were uncovered. Additionally, DVDMS-PDT also exhibited therapeutic effects on non-neoplastic diseases like psoriasis and bacterial infections. Two phase I clinical trials of DVDMS have been documented, but recruitments had still not been completed. In conclusion, DVDMS is a promising sensitizer for both PDT and SDT; however, there are some shortcomings in previous studies like inconsistent treatment parameters, which need systematic assessments in future. Moreover, more mechanisms such as the role of autophagy need to be discovered. Further evidence of the safety and effectiveness of new materials are needed, and the application in non-neoplastic diseases like actinic keratosis and fungal infection deserves further development. Above all, promoting its clinical applications is the most important goal.
Removal of H2S by vermicompost biofilter and analysis on bacterial community
Authors: Tian Weiping , Chen Xuemin , Zhou Peng , Fu Xiaoyong , Zhao Honghua
Published: July 2020

The vermicompost collected from dewatered domestic sludge as packing material in biofilter was investigated for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal. No nutrients or microbial inoculation was added throughout the experiment. The corresponding bacterial community characteristics in the vermicompost biofilter of different spatial levels were evaluated by Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the vermicompost biofilter performed well during operation. The H2S removal efficiency reached nearly 100% under condition of the inlet concentration <350 mg m−3 and 0.25−0.35 m3 h−1 gas flow rate. The maximum elimination capacity of 20.2 g m−3 h−1 was observed at a flow rate of 0.35 m3 h−1. Furthermore, the amounts of biodegraded products and pH varied accordingly. In addition, the results from high-throughput sequencing revealed pronouncedly spatial variation of the vermicompost, and the Rhodanobacter, Halothiobacillus, Mizugakiibacter as well as Thiobacillus, which can play an important role in removing H2S, were predominant in the final vermicompost. These results imply that the vermicompost with diverse microbial communities has a good potential for eliminating H2S.
Cadmium (Cd) chloride affects the nutrient uptake and Cd-resistant bacterium reduces the adsorption of Cd in muskmelon plants
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Pengcheng , Xiao Qingqing
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the effect of cadmium (Cd) chloride on the uptake of N, P, and K and evaluate the effect of Cd-resistant bacterium “N3” on reducing the adverse effect of Cd in grafted and nongrafted plants. The shoot and total dry weights of the nongrafted muskmelon plants decreased under 50 and 100 µM Cd treatments. The scion and shoot dry weights of the grafted plants increased significantly, whereas their root dry weight increased by nearly onefold compared with those of the CK-grafted plants regardless of Cd concentration. The N, P, and K contents in the nongrafted plants decreased under Cd treatments but increased under 50 µM Cd treatment when inoculated with “N3”. The N, P, and K contents in the grafted plants were lower than those treated with only Cd. The grafted and nongrafted plants exhibited low Cd accumulation in the scion or shoot part compared with the root tissues. “N3” inoculation reduced the Cd concentration in all tissues of the grafted and nongrafted plants. Our results demonstrated great variation in Cd accumulation in the grafted and nongrafted muskmelon plants, thereby promoting food safety under Cd contamination conditions.
Second harmonic generation in metasurfaces with multipole resonant coupling
Authors: Han Aoxue , Dineen Colm , Babicheva Viktoriia E. , Moloney Jerome V.
Published: July 2020

We report on the numerical demonstration of enhanced second harmonic generation (SHG) originating from collective resonances in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays. The nonlinear optical response of the metal nanoparticles is modeled by employing a hydrodynamic nonlinear Drude model implemented into Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations, and effective polarizabilities of nanoparticle multipoles in the lattice are analytically calculated at the fundamental wavelength by using a coupled dipole–quadrupole approximation. Excitation of narrow collective resonances in nanoparticle arrays with electric quadrupole (EQ) and magnetic dipole (MD) resonant coupling leads to strong linear resonance enhancement. In this work, we analyze SHG in the vicinity of the lattice resonance corresponding to different nanoparticle multipoles and explore SHG efficiency by varying the lattice periods. Coupling of electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole in the nanoparticle lattice indicates symmetry breaking and the possibility of enhanced SHG under these conditions. By varying the structure parameters, we can change the strength of electric dipole (ED), EQ, and MD polarizabilities, which can be used to control the linewidth and magnitude of SHG emission in plasmonic lattices. Engineering of lattice resonances and associated magnetic dipole resonant excitations can be used for spectrally narrow nonlinear response as the SHG can be enhanced and controlled by higher multipole excitations and their lattice resonances. We show that both ED and EQ–MD lattice coupling contribute to SHG, but the presence of strong EQ–MD coupling is important for spectrally narrow SHG and, in our structure, excitation of narrow higher-order multipole lattice resonances results in five times enhancement.
Dual-polarized multiplexed meta-holograms utilizing coding metasurface
Authors: Guan Chunsheng , Liu Jian , Ding Xumin , Wang Zhuochao , Zhang Kuang , Li Haoyu , Jin Ming , Burokur Shah Nawaz , Wu Qun
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a novel method is proposed to achieve two distinct information channels by simultaneously manipulating both the transmitted cross- and co-polarized components of a 1-bit coding metasurface under linearly polarized incidence. Compared to previously demonstrated incidence-switchable or position multiplexed holograms, our proposed coding meta-hologram can simultaneously project two independent holographic images without inevitable change of the incidence state and can at the same time also avoid crosstalk between different channels. Moreover, the orientation of the double-layered split ring (SR) apertures is specially designed to be 45° or 135° to achieve identical multiplexed functionality for bothx-polarized andy-polarized incidences. The proof-of-concept experimental demonstrations present total transmittance efficiency above 30% for the dual linearly polarized incidences at 15 GHz, and good imaging performances with 53.98%/48.18% imaging efficiency, 1.55%/1.46% RMSE, and 29.9/28.72 peak signal-to-noise ratio for the cross-/co-polarized channels undery-polarized incidence, and 47.27%/45.75% imaging efficiency, 1.55%/1.43% RMSE, and 18.74/25.93 peak signal-to-noise ratio underx-polarized incidence, demonstrating great potential of the proposed multiplexed coding meta-hologram in practical applications such as data storage and information processing.
Tunable photoluminescence properties of selenium nanoparticles: biogenic versus chemogenic synthesis
Authors: Piacenza Elena , Presentato Alessandro , Heyne Belinda , Turner Raymond J.
Published: July 2020

Various technological and biomedical applications rely on the ability of materials to emit light (photoluminescence [PL]), and, among them, metal nanoparticles (NPs) and semi-conductor Quantum Dots (QDs) represent ideal candidates as sensing probes and imaging tools, portraying better PL features than conventional organic dyes. However, the knowledge of PL behavior of semiconductor NPs – i.e., selenium; SeNPs – is still in its infancy, especially for those synthesized by microorganisms. Considering the essential role played by biogenic SeNPs as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant agents, or food supplements, their PL properties must be explored to take full advantage of them as eco-friendly and versatile tools. Here, PL features of SeNPs produced by the Se-tolerant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SeITE02 strain, compared with chemogenic ones, are investigated, highlighting the PL dependency on the NP size. Indeed, PL emission shifted from indigo-blue (emission wavelength λ
em 400–450 nm) to green-yellow (λ
em 480–570 nm) and orange-red (λ
em 580–700 nm) for small (ca. 50 nm) and big (ca. 100 nm) SeNPs respectively, revealing the versatility of an environmental bacterial isolate to synthesize diverse PL probes. Besides, biogenic SeNPs show PL lifetime comparable to those of the most used fluorophores, supporting their potential application as markers for (bio)imaging.
Damage Accumulation in a Novel High-Throughput Technique to Characterize High Cycle Fatigue
Authors: Berke Ryan B. , Furman Brandon A. , Holycross Casey , Scott-Emuakpor Onome
Published: July 2020

A multiple-insert carrier plate assembly has been developed to increase the throughput of vibration-based fatigue testing. Typically, in vibration-based fatigue testing, a cantilevered rectangular plate is excited in a high-frequency resonant mode until failure. In this manner, an S-N curve for bending fatigue can be constructed. The concept behind vibration-based fatigue testing has been improved by employing a U-shaped carrier plate and fastening multiple smaller specimens into the channel of the carrier plate, such that fatigue tests can be conducted in tandem. However, because of the presence of a variable stress field over the surface of the assembly, the strain in the specimens is unequal. To account for this unequal strain distribution, a framework is provided for estimating how damage accumulates within each specimen. Using this framework, the efficiency gained by adopting a multi-insert approach is evaluated. By optimizing the strategy with which specimens are replaced as they fail, a throughput 5.49 times greater than sequential testing is shown to be feasible.
Variability of Friction Measurements Using Three Common Walkway Tribometers
Authors: Chimich Dennis D. , Elkin Benjamin S. , Siegmund Gunter P.
Published: July 2020

Walkway tribometers are used to assess the slip resistance of flooring surfaces. To yield valid measurements, the ASTM F2508-16e1, Standard Practice for Validation, Calibration, and Certification of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces, standard practice requires an annual calibration to show a tribometer’s test results fall within the 95th percentile confidence intervals (CI) of its supplier’s validation test results on 4 reference surfaces. Many users, however, report difficulty meeting this requirement. Here we examine the variability within and between multiple calibrations to evaluate the current calibration procedure and assess whether field measurements of a surface can be directly compared to calibration test results. We performed multiple calibrations with three common walkway tribometers on one set of reference surfaces. We then simulated field tests on each reference surface and compared these results to the calibration test results. Overall, all three tribometers ranked and differentiated the reference surfaces in all calibrations; however, none of the calibrations fell within the supplier’s CIs for all four surfaces. The between-calibrations variance ranged from 15 % to 90 % of the total variance in the data set, and only 25 % of the “field” test results fell within the 95th percentile CI of our calibration values. Our findings show that the current ASTM F2508 calibration requirement does not adequately account for measurement variability. Moreover, our findings indicate that field measurements should not be compared directly to calibration measurements without factoring in measurement uncertainty. Overall, our results show the need for an improved calibration procedure and more research to establish a valid method for estimating slip risk on field surfaces.
A Proposed Evaluation Method for Three-Point Beam Tests of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Juhász Károly Péter
Published: July 2020

The characteristic values of the material parameters used for structural design are usually determined from the mean and standard deviation of the material test results, and the design values are calculated from the characteristic values using the appropriate safety factor. However, if the standard deviation of the test data is high, the characteristic value is expected to be significantly lower than the mean value. In the case of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), the coefficient of variation is usually high, which can be attributed to the relatively small size of the specimen and the random location of the fibers. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a method that takes into account the number and location of the fibers when estimating the postcrack performance for a cracked cross section in a three-point notched bending beam tests. Test results of steel- and macrosynthetic FRC were evaluated using both the RILEM recommendations and the proposed method and are finally compared. Although the proposed method is more complex and the evaluation requires more effort than the existing method, it provides more repeatable material parameters, which exhibited a higher characteristic result.
Relationship Between Renal Function and Renal Artery Involvement in Acute Debakey Type I Aortic Dissection
Authors: Ge Yi-Peng , Li Cheng-Nan , Li Yu , Zhu Jun-Ming , Liu Yong-Min , Zheng Jun , Sun Li-Zhong
Published: July 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in renal function among various types of renal artery involvement in acute Debakey Type I aortic dissection.
Methods: From January 2016 to January 2018, 304 consecutive patients with acute Debakey type I aortic dissection with renal artery involvement were included. According to computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings, renal artery involvement on one side can be classified into four types: type A, in which a large intimal tear is near the renal artery orifice; type B, the orifice of the renal artery originates entirely from the false lumen; type C, the orifice of the renal artery originates entirely from the true lumen; and type D, a renal artery dissection is observed. All patients underwent aortic repair.
Results: The average age was 46.98±10.64 years. The types of bilateral renal artery involvement were as follows: AB type, four patients (1.32%); AC type, 38 patients (12.50%); AD type, three patients (0.99%); BB type, 13 patients (4.28%); BC type, 140 patients (46.05%); BD type, four patients (1.32%); CC type, 76 patients (25.00%); and CD type, 26 patients (8.55%). One-way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in serum creatinine (P = .57) and creatinine clearance rate (P = .08) between the groups. A statistically significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, hypertension history and aortic dissection onset time also was not observed (P > .05). The overall incidence of KDIGO acute kidney injury (AKI) was 49.67%. There was no significant difference in AKI incidence between different types of renal artery involvement after aortic surgery (P = .39). For patients needing renal replacement therapy, CTA showed that enhancement of renal cortex in the arterial phase was low and the boundary between the cortex and medulla was unclear in bilateral kidneys.
Conclusion: The types of renal artery involvement did not affect renal function in the acute phase.
Loss of the Antimicrobial Peptide Metchnikowin Protects Against Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Swanson Laura C , Rimkus Stacey A , Ganetzky Barry , Wassarman David A
Published: July 2020

Neuroinflammation is a major pathophysiological feature of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Early and persistent activation of innate immune response signaling pathways by primary injuries is associated with secondary cellular injuries that cause TBI outcomes to change over time. We used a Drosophila melanogaster model to investigate the role of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in acute and chronic outcomes of closed-head TBI. AMPs are effectors of pathogen and stress defense mechanisms mediated by the evolutionarily conserved Toll and Immune-deficiency (Imd) innate immune response pathways that activate Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factors. Here, we analyzed the effect of null mutations in 10 of the 14 known Drosophila AMP genes on TBI outcomes. We found that mutation of Metchnikowin (Mtk) was unique in protecting flies from mortality within the 24 h following TBI under two diet conditions that produce different levels of mortality. In addition, Mtk mutants had reduced behavioral deficits at 24 h following TBI and increased lifespan either in the absence or presence of TBI. Using a transcriptional reporter of gene expression, we found that TBI increased Mtk expression in the brain. Quantitative analysis of mRNA in whole flies revealed that expression of other AMPs in the Toll and Imd pathways as well as NF-κB transcription factors were not altered in Mtk mutants. Overall, these results demonstrate that Mtk plays an infection-independent role in the fly nervous system, and TBI-induced expression of Mtk in the brain activates acute and chronic secondary injury pathways that are also activated during normal aging.
Panoramas de la alfabetización académica en el ámbito iberoamericano: Aportes para la calidad de la Educación Superior
Authors: Núñez Cortés Juan Antonio , Errázuriz Cruz María Constanza
Published: July 2020

El desarrollo de la alfabetización académica ha sido objeto de interés en el ámbito iberoaméricano en las últimas décadas. De este interés se han derivado multitud de investigaciones sobre la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura en la universidad e iniciativas que han tenido como objetivo paliar las dificultades en la competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes en el nivel superior así como hacer que estos se familiaricen con las culturas discursivas de las disciplinas en las que se forman. El propósito de este monográfico es difundir investigaciones y propuestas sobre alfabetización académica en el mundo hispano, con el fin de contribuir a comprender el problema más profundamente y desarrollar esta línea de investigación para afianzar y elevar la calidad de los dispositivos de escritura académica y, de este modo, los programas de formación de la educación superior. A partir de este marco de referencia, cada artículo del monográfico aborda distintos enfoques y factores que intervienen en el tratamiento de la lectura y escritura académicas en diversos contextos, junto con resultados de dispositivos y programas de escritura académica.
Escritura colaborativa en línea. Un estudio de la revisión textual compartida en la formación inicial de maestros
Authors: Saneleuterio Elia , Gómez-Devís María Begoña
Published: July 2020

Presentamos, en el marco de los proyectos de innovación de la Universidad de Valencia, el análisis de una experiencia de escritura colaborativa en línea. Desde una perspectiva que reúne las tesis de escritura y evaluación como herramientas para aprender, se aplica una metodología de investigación-acción para el seguimiento de un proceso de aprendizaje colaborativo: escritura individual, con revisión y evaluación compartidas, a través de un diario virtual que recoge las sesiones presenciales de la asignatura Lengua Española para Maestros, de primer curso de las titulaciones de Magisterio. La muestra analizada, perteneciente a dos cursos académicos, corresponde a la actividad de 84 estudiantes, cada uno de los cuales moderó una conversación virtual con una media de 12-16 mensajes de autoría múltiple cada una, que fueron analizados mediante una técnica ad hoc de análisis de contenido. Como conclusiones más destacadas, los resultados han permitido identificar diferencias en el rendimiento asociadas a procesos de coautoría real favoreciendo la aparición de procesos argumentativos y reflexivos, y guía el trabajo de grupo hacia procesos cercanos a los esperados en las comunidades de aprendizaje. Asimismo, este trabajo invita a la reflexión sobre dos aspectos: el seguimiento de los participantes y la entrega de ayudas durante el proceso.
Una intervención formativa del Centro de Escritura Nebrija en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
Authors: De la Peña Portero Alicia , Santamaría Martínez Rocío
Published: July 2020

La enseñanza y adquisición de la competencia escrita es trascendental para el avance de la sociedad del siglo XXI. Por ello, se hace necesario desarrollar la alfabetización académica de los estudiantes y futuros profesionales en las universidades, incluyendo en los planes de estudio de cada facultad la escritura académica integrada en las disciplinas. Asimismo, es fundamental crear centros de escritura y facilitar la formación continua de los escritores a través de talleres específicos, tanto presenciales como en línea. Este trabajo ilustra una exitosa experiencia transversal conjunta entre el Centro de Escritura y la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nebrija. El objetivo de la intervención formativa del centro de escritura en la asignatura de Diseños de investigación en Psicología es facilitar a los estudiantes las técnicas y las estrategias necesarias para la redacción de un artículo científico. Se presentan el método y las fases de trabajo y se analizan los resultados obtenidos. Para esta investigación descriptiva se ha aplicado un proceso de observación cualitativa a través de entrevistas con el docente, cuestionarios de percepción, rúbricas de revisión y encuestas de calidad de escritores y seguimiento de los tutores; todo ello ha hecho medible la experiencia de intervención. Como conclusión, debería contemplarse en todos los programas de grado la implementación de planes de escritura en las distintas disciplinas con el fin de que los estudiantes desarrollen hábitos escritores y aumenten su adecuación en los distintos géneros discursivos.
La co-docencia para el abordaje de la alfabetización académica: efectos en la formación del profesorado disciplinar
Authors: Natale Lucía
Published: July 2020

En América Latina, las universidades han adoptado distintos dispositivos para promover la alfabetización académica. Son comunes los cursos para ingresantes y los centros de escritura. También se encuentra otra forma de enseñanza de la lectura, la escritura y la oralidad, situada en las materias de contenido, a cargo de un equipo formado por un docente disciplinar y un profesor de letras. En este artículo, se analizan los efectos de la adopción de este dispositivo de co-docencia en el marco del PRODEAC, un programa implementado en una universidad pública argentina. Para ello, se ha realizado una indagación cualitativa a partir de quince entrevistas en profundidad a profesores disciplinares que participaron del programa. El análisis, basado en la teoría empíricamente fundada, se concentra en los efectos del trabajo colaborativo reportados por dichos docentes. Se abordan dos aspectos: la enseñanza de la escritura en las asignaturas de contenido específico y las transformaciones en la planificación de los cursos. Los resultados señalan que el dispositivo de co-docencia contribuye a la reconsideración de la escritura y a la reorganización de los programas de las asignaturas. Los participantes manifiestan haber aprendido estrategias pedagógicas para incorporar la escritura como contenido y haber internalizado criterios para la elaboración de instrumentos y consignas de evaluación. Así, los resultados obtenidos permiten reconocer efectos positivos para la formación docente y la inclusión de la enseñanza de la escritura en las disciplinas. Asimismo, resultan relevantes para la formulación de programas institucionales de alfabetización académica.
Aprendizaje cooperativo en los programas de entrenamiento de memoria multifactorial para personas mayores
Authors: Vidal-Marti Cristina
Published: July 2020

Los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria son una de las intervenciones cognitivas de carácter preventivo, dirigidas a personas mayores sin deterioro cognitivo. En la actualidad, hay una alta variedad de programas que difieren en su estructuración, orientación, organización y en aspectos educativos. Este artículo se centra en los programas de entrenamiento de memoria de tipo multifactorial. Una propuesta de intervención diseñada para trabajar procesos, estrategias y técnicas con el fin de estimular los distintos factores implicados en el funcionamiento de la memoria y los diferentes dominios cognitivos. El objetivo de este artículo es valorar los beneficios del aprendizaje cooperativo como metodología educativa aplicada a los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria. Esta metodología educativa que, en la actualidad, solo se implementa en los contextos educativos de tipo formal, puede favorecer un aprendizaje más inclusivo, duradero, significativo y la promoción del desarrollo de habilidades y técnicas relacionales. En resumen, contribuir a una mejora educativa de los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria. Las condiciones y los elementos diferenciales del aprendizaje cooperativo pueden ser características a aplicar en los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria, para favorecer el proceso de aprendizaje y adquirir habilidades que fomenten la cooperación y la ayuda mutua entre los participantes. Este artículo analiza estas características y propone su adaptación en los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria. En definitiva, el aprendizaje cooperativo es una buena metodología educativa para implementar en los programas de entrenamiento de la memoria.
Intervenciones para el aprendizaje de la lectura en alumnado con discapacidad inte-lectual: un estudio bibliográfico
Authors: Ojeda Budia Marta , Marín Suelves Diana , Romero Rodrigo Mercedes
Published: July 2020

La lectura y la escritura son procesos básicos que favorecen el desarrollo integral del niño, del adolescente y del adulto en diversos ámbitos como el personal, el social y el educativo, y a lo largo de toda la vida. En este estudio se pretende analizar las investigaciones recientes para el desarrollo de la lectura en alumnado con discapacidad intelectual porque la lectura como habilidad básica dentro de la competencia comunicativa es la clave para el desarrollo de otros aprendizajes. Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre las diferentes intervenciones centradas en el aprendizaje de la lectura. Se seleccionaron un total de 20 artículos científicos, extraídos de tres bases de datos: SCOPUS, ERIC y WOS. Las palabras claves para la búsqueda fueron: intervention AND reading AND intellectual disability AND school, en inglés y español. Tras el análisis de los estudios se concluye que las intervenciones que mejores resultados han obtenido son aquellas que se caracterizan por llevar a cabo una instrucción estructurada y sencilla, con una duración superior a un curso escolar, y con el apoyo de profesionales, compañeros, familia e instrumentos adaptados a sus características y necesidades. Además, estas intervenciones consiguieron el desarrollo de habilidades personales, como la autonomía, y sociales, como la comunicación y el trabajo en equipo, tan necesarias para la vida en sociedad.
Aprendizaje basado en juegos: incorporación de criterios sostenibles a través de la economía circular
Authors: Calvo Centeno María Esperanza , López Portillo María Pilar , Peset González María José , Ropero Moriones Eva
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo se expone una actividad realizada a través de aprendizaje basado en juegos aplicado al conocimiento de la economía circular, que ha sido llevada a cabo con ocasión del ODS Day en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. El propósito de esta experiencia educativa se fundamenta en la necesidad de que la comunidad universitaria, y en especial los estudiantes, conozcan e interioricen modelos económicos sostenibles medioambientalmente. Se ha partido del modelo de economía circular, un nuevo paradigma de la gestión económica de los recursos, centrado en la reutilización de éstos y en la reducción de la generación de residuos. Para dar a conocer este modelo económico se ha desarrollado esta actividad de carácter transversal y metodología docente y tecnológica innovadoras. Para ello se ha aplicado el aprendizaje basado en juegos, así como un programa de realidad aumentada. La actividad se ha desarrollado a través de un juego en forma de yincana en la que los participantes se enfrentaron a retos en las distintas fases de la economía circular, contextualizada en el sector textil. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un interesante nivel de satisfacción de los participantes tanto con la metodología desarrollada como con el contenido de la actividad. Así mismo, se considera que el carácter transferible a otros centros docentes de esta iniciativa puede colaborar en promover de forma interactiva el conocimiento de la economía circular como modelo de sostenibilidad, así como a la sensibilización de los estudiantes frente a la responsabilidad medioambiental.
Proyectos globalizados. Cómo articular la innovación en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Pérez Albo Maria José , Gutiérrez Lacalle Alicia
Published: July 2020

El siguiente artículo pretende mostrar los aspectos básicos sobre los que se asienta la innovación en la Educación Secundaria en un centro público de la Comunidad de Madrid. Para ello, tomamos marco los elementos clave de mejora señalados en la investigación. A lo largo del artículo destacaremos los proyectos globalizados, las estrategias de formación del profesorado, las vías para promover la colaboración entre docentes y otros factores que contribuyen a la innovación; una innovación que tiene como meta proporcionar al alumnado una educación de calidad y otorgarle un papel activo en su proceso de aprendizaje. Asimismo, se detallarán diferentes estrategias que se están llevando a cabo en nuestro centro para ofrecer una educación personalizada, inclusiva y de calidad. En este sentido, el desarrollo de proyectos globalizados constituye el principal motor de actuación, ya que permite integrar todas las piezas del engranaje educativo y relacionar los contenidos de las diferentes disciplinas. Además, da la posibilidad de reorganizar el uso de los espacios y tiempos de aprendizaje. Estas estrategias fomentan la consolidación de las competencias indispensables para el crecimiento integral de los estudiantes, lo que favorece, por un lado, la adquisición de conocimientos y, por otro, el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional, las habilidades sociales, el trabajo en equipo, la actitud investigadora y crítica; en definitiva, soft skills que serán determinantes para el crecimiento académico y profesional del alumnado.
Changes in the Preterm Heart From Birth to Young Adulthood: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Telles Fernando , McNamara Nicholas , Nanayakkara Shane , Doyle Mathew P. , Williams Michael , Yaeger Lauren , Marwick Thomas H. , Leeson Paul , Levy Philip T. , Lewandowski Adam J.
Published: July 2020

CONTEXT:

Preterm birth is associated with incident heart failure in children and young adults.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effect size of preterm birth on cardiac remodeling from birth to young adulthood.

DATA SOURCES:

Data sources include Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane databases, and clinical trial registries (inception to March 25, 2020).

STUDY SELECTION:

Studies in which cardiac phenotype was compared between preterm individuals born at <37 weeks’ gestation and age-matched term controls were included.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Random-effects models were used to calculate weighted mean differences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS:

Thirty-two observational studies were included (preterm = 1471; term = 1665). All measures of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) systolic function were lower in preterm neonates, including LV ejection fraction (P = .01). Preterm LV ejection fraction was similar from infancy, although LV stroke volume index was lower in young adulthood. Preterm LV peak early diastolic tissue velocity was lower throughout development, although preterm diastolic function worsened with higher estimated filling pressures from infancy. RV longitudinal strain was lower in preterm-born individuals of all ages, proportional to the degree of prematurity (R2 = 0.64; P = .002). Preterm-born individuals had persistently smaller LV internal dimensions, lower indexed LV end-diastolic volume in young adulthood, and an increase in indexed LV mass, compared with controls, of 0.71 g/m2 per year from childhood (P = .007).

LIMITATIONS:

The influence of preterm-related complications on cardiac phenotype could not be fully explored.

CONCLUSIONS:

Preterm-born individuals have morphologic and functional cardiac impairments across developmental stages. These changes may make the preterm heart more vulnerable to secondary insults, potentially underlying their increased risk of early heart failure.