bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fyra generaliserade steg i lärandeprocessen
Authors: Nelson Kenneth
Published: June 2022

This essay was delivered as a speech by the outgoing president of the Swedish Sociological Association in connection with the bi-annual Sociologidagarna in Uppsala 16–18 March 2022. Guitar playing and sociology has many things in common, including how competence and skills are achieved. Based on everyday observations, four generalised stages in learning are outlined, that apply equally to guitar playing and sociology. To clearly differentiate each successive stage in the learning process, innovative analogies to bird life was used. In chronological order from novice to genius, the following separate stages of learning were identified: the birdhouse, the magpie, the lyrebird, and the nightingale. The birdhouse is characterised by surprise, confusion and almost total inability or ignorance, whereas the most prominent features of the magpie is curiosity, high energy and repetition. The lyrebird is occupied by imitation, self-centring and identity creation, whereas the nightingale shows clear signs of excellence and genuine innovation. Few guitar players and sociologists make the move from lyrebird to nightingale.
The method of indirect control of the shape of underwater shipbuilding hulls with the use of modern measuring instruments
Authors: Дзюнин Г.Р. , Русановский С.А. , Худяков М.П. , Деснев Д.Л.
Published: June 2022

На этапе предстапельной и стапельной сборки элементов корпусов глубоководных аппаратов требуется выполнять систематический контроль формы элементов для обеспечения собираемости конструкции. В процессе установки вварного насыщения в корпус также требуется выполнять контроль механически обрабатываемых поверхностей разделок. В статье рассмотрено измерение формы цилиндрической обечайки с помощью лазерного сканера и лазерного трекера. Осуществлено сравнение результатов измерений фактической формы цилиндрической обечайки с данными её CAD-модели. Осуществлялись измерения поверхности оболочечной цилиндрической конструкции. В процессе анализа результатов измерений было проведено сравнение результатов, полученных при помощи рулетки и отвеса, а также трекером и сканером. Проведенное в работе исследование позволило сделать вывод о применимости подобных средств измерений в контексте существующей технологии строительства корпусов глубоководных аппаратов. Были определены дальнейшие пути развития технологии косвенного контроля при постройке корпусов глубоководных аппаратов. В частности отмечена важность определения и оценки отдельных составляющих и суммарной технологической погрешности.

At the stage of pre-slipway and slipway assembly of hull elements of underwater vehicles, it is required to perform systematic control of the shape of the elements to ensure the assembling of the structure. During the installation of welding flanges in the housing, it is also required to monitor the mechanically processed cutting surfaces. The article considers the measurement of the shape of a cylindrical shell using a laser scanner and a laser tracker. The measurement results of the actual shape of the cylindrical shell are compared with the data of its CAD model. Measurements of surfaces of shell cylindrical structure were performed. In the process of analyzing the measurement results, the results obtained by the roulette and the plumb, and also by the tracker and the scanner were compared. The research carried out in the work allowed us to conclude that such measuring instruments are applicable in the context of the existing technology for the construction of underwater vehicles. Further ways of developing indirect control technology during the construction of underwater vehicle hulls were identified. In particular, the importance of determining and evaluating individual components and total process error was noted.
Influence of the type of the heat-insulating material used on the state of the bricking of ship boilers
Authors: Туркин В.А. , Стяжкин А.А.
Published: June 2022

Показано, что при деформации картона МКРКЛ-450 уплотнение крепежного болта становится негерметично, и воздух, находящийся в воздуховоде котла, поступает сначала за кладку, а затем по стержню в топочное пространство. При этом происходит охлаждение кирпича в районе отверстия и болта, что создает высокие температурные напряжения. Возникает циклическая механическая нагрузка в местах крепления болта к кирпичу за счёт поочерёдного увеличения или уменьшения длины. При протечке воздуха через щель в топку интенсивно циклически охлаждаются кромки кирпича, что также способствует развитию усталостных разрушений. Одновременно происходит разрушение картона и ослабление болтов, которые перестают удерживать кирпичи, подвергая их совместному действию механических и температурных напряжений. Это приводит к возникновению усталостных трещин, разрушению мертеля и самих кирпичей. Установленные в ходе исследования неудовлетворительные механические свойства картона МКРКЛ-450 приводят к первоначальному прорыву воздуха под кирпичную кладку, нештатному прожатию картона с остаточной деформацией, нарушению структуры картона, его разрушению и «выдуванию», последующему ослаблению посадки кирпича, появлению дополнительных степеней свободы его креплению, перегреву кирпичей и мертеля, его выкрашиванию, выпадению кирпичей, попаданию воздушно-газовой смеси в соседние участки и цепной реакции разрушения кладки.

It is shown that when the cardboard MKRKL-450 is deformed, the seal of the fixing bolt becomes leaky, and the air in the boiler air duct enters first behind the masonry, and then through the rod into the furnace space. In this case, the brick is cooled in the region of the hole and the bolt, which creates high temperature stresses. There is a cyclic mechanical load in the places where the bolt is attached to the brick due to the successive increase or decrease in length. When air leaks through the slot into the furnace, the edges of the brick are intensively cyclically cooled, which also contributes to the development of fatigue failures. At the same time, the destruction of the cardboard and the weakening of the bolts occur, which cease to hold the bricks, exposing them to the combined action of mechanical and thermal stresses. This leads to the occurrence of fatigue cracks, the destruction of the mortar and the bricks themselves. The unsatisfactory mechanical properties of MKRKL-450 cardboard, established during the study, lead to an initial breakthrough of air under the brickwork, abnormal compression of the cardboard with residual deformation, violation of the structure of the cardboard, its destruction and “blowing”, the subsequent weakening of the brick fit, the appearance of additional degrees of freedom of it fastening, overheating of bricks and mortar, its chipping, falling out of bricks, ingress of an air-gas mixture into neighboring areas and a chain reaction of masonry destruction.
Frequency-domain signal processing applications in ship motion control systems
Authors: Амбросовская Е.Б. , Амбросовский В.М. , Ромаев Д.В. , Калимов Д.В.
Published: June 2022

Работа посвящена обработке данных в частотной области. Методы обработки в частотной области (преобразование Фурье, вейвлет-преобразование) широко используются в различных областях техники. В работе описаны особенности обработки данных навигационных датчиков и систем определения местоположения в задачах настройки систем автоматического управления движением, а также в задаче диагностики работы этих систем. В работе приведен алгоритм применения преобразования Фурье с использованием оконных функций для сглаживания и дифференцирования сигналов в частотной области, показано, как различные параметры оконных функций влияют на свойства получаемых сигналов. Приведены примеры обработки натурных записей работы системы динамического позиционирования. Для анализа сигналов с меняющимися во времени свойствами показано, как использовать вейвлет-преобразование, как сказывается выбор вейвлета. На натурных данных показано, как проявляются особенности работы системы (изменение частоты максимума возмущения, раскачка системы, скачки в данных) на вейвлет-спектрограмммах (скалограммах).

The paper reviews frequency-domain signals processing for marine applications. Frequency-domain methods (Fourier transform, wavelet transform) have a wide field of application in engineering. In the present paper specialties of these methods application in navigation data processing are discussed. Problems of data smoothing, numeric n-order derivation are discussed, application of windowing functions is shown as well as approach to these windowing functions parameters selecting is demonstrated on sea trials data processing, in examples of yaw rate data smoothing and yaw acceleration obtaining from heading measurements. Wavelet scalograms of different navigational data records are shown. It is demonstrated how the specialties of automatic motion control system operation (like disturbance frequency-band changing, oscillation with growing magnitude, jumps in reference-systems data, manoeuvring) can be found in the wavelet scalograms.
Accident prevention of motion system for high-speed marine mobile objects
Authors: Амбросовский В.М.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматривается подход к созданию систем предотвращения аварий движения скоростных морских подвижных объектов, к которым в первую очередь относятся морские подвижные объекты с динамическими принципами поддержания. Предлагаемый подход к разработке систем предотвращения аварий движения скоростных морских подвижных объектов заключается в том, что при разработке систем предотвращения аварий движения решаются две задачи: во-первых, определяется факт близости возникновения аварии движения, и во-вторых включается противоаварийный закон управления движением, обеспечивающий предотвращение аварии. Фактом возникновения аварии движения предложено считать выход параметров движения морского подвижного объекта за границу области безопасного движения. После выхода морского подвижного объекта за область безопасного движения решается задача возвращения объекта в область безопасных значений кинематических параметров. Достоинством систем предотвращения аварий движения, построенных по такому принципу, является отсутствие необходимости определения конкретного типа аварийной ситуации. В качестве примера рассмотрена система предотвращения аварий движения морского подвижного объекта на воздушной подушке с управлением по каналу дифферента, показана работа релейного и ПИД-регулятора, показано, как влияет динамика привода средств управления.

The article considers an approach to motion accidents prevention systems design for high-speed marine crafts. The proposed approach to the development of these systems is based on following idea: When developing motion accident prevention system, two tasks are solved. The first is determination of the fact of imminent motion accident. The second is activation of the automatic control algorithm that ensures the prevention of motion accident. It is proposed to determinate the fact of the imminent occurrence of a motion accident as the output of state variables from safety region in state-space. When high speed marine craft leaves the safety domain of the state space, control algorithm of returning state variables to safety region is being started. The advantage of this kind of motion accident prevention systems built on this principle is that there is no need to localize the fault for returning control object to the safety region. Safety region estimation based on Lyapunov function is proposed. Accident prevention controller with minimum travel time returning to safety region is considered. As an example, control law for preventing accidents in the movement of an air cushion vehicle pitching is considered, bang-bang and PID controller simulation results are presented, actuator dynamics influence is considered.
Application of the Dubins path problem to avoid the dangerously close approach of two vessels
Authors: Коренев А.С. , Хабаров С.П. , Шпекторов А.Г.
Published: June 2022

В статье предлагается подход к решению задачи предотвращения опасного сближения двух судов, путем изменения курса одного из них. С этой целью на первом этапе, предполагая, что суда двигаются прямолинейно и с постоянной скоростью, определяются координаты точки, в которой прогнозируется минимально допустимое безопасное сближение судов. На втором этапе, на базе задачи ”машины Дубинса”, с учетом ограничений на управляемость по угловой скорости, рассчитывается траектория перехода судна в точку безопасного сближения, при условии, что второе судно не меняет параметров своего движения. Полученная криволинейная траектория и определенная на первом этапе линейная траектория могут существенно отличаться временем перехода, что может привести к опасному сближению. Ввиду этого, на третьем этапе предлагается алгоритм коррекции траектории движения судна на основе поиска новой точки сближения. Новая точка выбирается таким образом, чтобы, с учетом траектории кривой Дубинса, минимальное расчетное время маневра исключало возможность опасного сближения с другим судном.

An approach to solve a problem of vessel’s collision avoidance is proposed. The preventing of the dangerously close approach of two ships is provided by specific course changing of one of them. At the first stage the coordinates of minimal acceptable approach distance waypoint are calculated with condition of the straight leg and constant speed vessel’s motion. At the second stage, the trajectory to the minimal acceptable approach distance waypoint is calculated on the basis of the Dubins path problem. In this case the angular velocity limitation is included, with assume that the second ship saves its motion parameters. The straight line, which obtained at the first stage, and the Dubins curve may differ significantly on the time of destination safe waypoint. That may lead to dangerous approach tj the second ship. Thus, at the third stage an algorithm is proposed to correct the vessel trajectory by searching for a new waypoint of approach. The new point is chosen to provide minimal maneuvering time with avoiding the dangerous approach.
Hydrometeorological data layers of plotting and it’s interpolation by b-cubic splines
Authors: Филатов В.И.
Published: June 2022

В статье приведены некоторые методы реализации послойного наложения погодной информации (ПНПИ) в современных электронно-картографических навигационно-информационных системах (ЭКНИС), а также рассмотрен метод уточнения и сглаживания полей гидрометеорологической обстановки (ГМО). Оперативные, статистические и прогностические данный о ГМО поступают на судно в различных форматах, и их модели могут быть заданы скалярными или векторными полями. В статье приведены примеры построения моделей ГМО. Несмотря на большое количество гидрометеорологических и океанологических данных, получаемых методами дистанционного зондирования и иными способами исследования гидрометеорологической обстановки (ГМО) районов плавания, возникает проблема неравномерности распределения данных, что влияет на характер слоёв ПНПИ. Это может быть определено при построении и визуализации каждого слоя. Изолинии в таких слоях имеют выраженный ломанный характер, а шаг регулярной сетки прогноза является слишком большим. В результате нехватки данных, возникает проблема при решении задач автоматизированного поиска оптимального пути судна. В данной статье предлагается решить проблему сглаживания полей ПНПИ и приближённо восстановить необходимые данные гидрометеорологических полей в уточнённой регулярной сетке методом интерполяции бикубическим сплайном.

There are methods of step-layered Weather information Overlay plotting (LWIO) demonstrated. LWIO could be integrated in Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). Also, another problem had been stated – increasing of resolution of Ship’s Weather forecasts and smoothing of weather hydrometeorological (HMC) fields. Operative, statistical and prognostic data of HMC could be received on the vessel in different representative Data. In the article there are demonstrated examples of creating the models by different ways. There is a huge amount of hydrometeorological data which could be obtained by remote sensing methods or another modern method of research of Weather condition of Voyage area. But still the problem of the “Lack of information” has been existing. It could be clearly observed if the layer of Hydrometeorological data to be plotted and covered the vector electronic chart (ENC). Isolines in such layer are seriously fractured. Also, the step of each axis is huge. Thus, there is could be a problem if determine and calculate the automated Ship’s Voyage Plan due to lack of hydrometeorological data. In this article described the method of smoothing and approximate restoring of weather date by the way of interpolation with the b-cubic spline.
System research of heat exchange processes under forced and natural circulation under external dynamic impact
Authors: Сатаев А.А. , Самойлов А.М. , Блохин А.А. , Андреев В.В.
Published: June 2022

Целью настоящей работы является системное исследование теплогидравлических процессов в гидравлическом тракте ядерного реактора с учетом влияния внешних динамических сил (качка, крен), присущих судовой ЯЭУ. Проведено экспериментальное исследование процессов неизотермического перемешивания и естественной циркуляции в одной и двух плоскостях колебаний. В качестве основного метода исследования были использованы экспериментальные методы (метод температурного зондирования), а также методы визуализации и системного анализа. Результатом применения такого системного подхода стала классификация задач, генерация новой системы, соотнесение и разграничение систем, ее составляющих, а также закономерности их функционирования, необходимость целенаправленного воздействия на введенную систему, а также новые системные связи. Показано, что система проточного тракта судовой ядерной энергетической установки является сложной нестационарной системой. Было получено, что действие статического крена и качки в одной плоскости сказывается сильнее и вызывает большие температурные градиенты вдоль области смешения потоков. В результате исследования процессов естественной циркуляции было получено, что качка в одной плоскости вызывает снижение массового расхода, что может негативно сказаться на теплотехнической надежности активной зоны.

The purpose of this work is a systematic study of thermohydraulic processes in the hydraulic path of a nuclear reactor, taking into account the influence of external dynamic forces (pitching, roll) inherent in the ship's nuclear power plant. An experimental study of the processes of non-isothermal mixing and natural circulation in one and two planes of oscillations has been carried out. Experimental methods (the method of temperature sensing), as well as visualization and system analysis methods were used as the main research method. The result of applying such a systematic approach was the classification of tasks, the generation of a new system, the correlation and differentiation of the systems that make up it, as well as the patterns of their functioning, the need for targeted impact on the introduced system, as well as new system connections. It is shown that the flow path system of a ship's nuclear power plant is a complex non-stationary system. It was found that the effect of static roll and pitching in the same plane has a stronger effect and causes large temperature gradients along the flow mixing region. As a result of the study of natural circulation processes, it was found that pitching in one plane causes a decrease in mass flow, which can negatively affect the thermal reliability of the active zone.
Assessment of the impact of the ship's properties on its environmental safety
Authors: Каминский В.Ю. , Скороходов Д.А. , Кузнецова E.Ю. , Маринов М.Л.
Published: June 2022

В статье утверждается, что экологическая безопасность судна определяется его герметичностью - основным фактором, влияющим на возможные экологические последствия в случае аварий и инцидентов. Указанный фактор является одной из характеристик свойств судна, включающих обеспечение плавучести, остойчивости, мореходности и прочности. Рассмотрена связь этих характеристик с герметичностью корпуса и их влияние на экологическую обстановку. Для оценки экологической безопасности судна в функции сохранения его целостности предлагается использовать метод парных сравнений по определению коэффициентов важности различных факторов, а также аддитивную свёртку обобщённой функции технической полезности (эффективности). Сформулированы преимущества метода парных сравнений при определении коэффициента важности характеристик, который упрощает принятие решения по предпочтению определённых целей или показателей. Показано, что одним из наиболее удобных способов построения функции полезности является обобщенная функция желательности Харрингтона. В рамках оценки влияния свойств судна на экологическую безопасность подтверждена целесообразность использования показателя технической полезности в табличной форме функции Харрингтона, в аналитическом виде – в форме функции желательности Харрингтона с отрицательным градиентом и в форме релейной функции технической полезности.

The article states that the environmental safety of a vessel is determined by its tightness - the main factor affecting the possible environmental consequences in the event of accidents and incidents. This factor is one of the characteristics of the ship's properties, including ensuring buoyancy, stability, seaworthiness and strength. The connection of these characteristics with the tightness of the housing and their impact on the environmental situation is considered. To assess the environmental safety of a vessel in the function of preserving its integrity, it is proposed to use the method of paired comparisons to determine the coefficients of importance of various factors, as well as an additive convolution of the generalized function of technical utility (efficiency). The advantages of the method of paired comparisons in determining the coefficient of importance of characteristics, which simplifies the decision-making on the preference of certain goals or indicators, are formulated. It is shown that one of the most convenient ways to construct the utility function is the generalized Harrington desirability function. As part of the assessment of the impact of the ship's properties on environmental safety, the expediency of using the technical utility indicator in tabular form of the Harrington function, in analytical form – in the form of the Harrington desirability function with a negative gradient and in the form of a relay function of technical utility was confirmed.
Formation of an intelligent system for monitoring the environmental situation of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Кузнецова Е.Ю. , Кириченко А.В. , Михайлова М.Ю. , Турусов С.Н.
Published: June 2022

Качество работы интеллектуальной системы экологической безопасности перспективной интеллектуальной мультимодальной транспортной системы Арктической зоны Российской Федерации зависит среди прочего от эффективности функционирования подсистемы сбора данных. Качество выходной информации определяет точность, полнота и достоверность данных об экологической обстановке. Морская транспортная система является основой арктического мультимодального транспортного коридора, а пункты внепортовой обработки грузов ее неотъемлемой частью. Объектом анализа исследования стали технологии выгрузки различных грузов на необорудованное побережье арктических морей и их негативные экологические последствия в контексте необходимости формирования адекватного физического слоя системы экологического мониторинга региона. Разработаны предложения по организации включения этих объектов, в качестве обособленного элемента в составе морской транспортной сети, в подсистему сбора данных интеллектуальной системы экологической безопасности. Сформулированы основные мероприятия для реализации разработанных предложений, проведен предварительный анализ технологической возможности их реализации.

The quality of work the intellectual system of environmental safety of the promising intelligent multimodal transport system of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation additionally depends on the efficiency of the data collection subsystem. The quality of information determines the accuracy, completeness and reliability of the data about the ecological situation. The maritime transport system is the basis of the Arctic multimodal transport corridor, and off-port cargo handling points are an integral part of it. The object of the analysis of the study is the technology of unloading cargo on the unequipped coast of the Arctic seas and their environmental consequences in the context of the need to form an adequate physical layer of the environmental monitoring system in the region. Proposals have been developed to include these items in the data collection subsystem of the intelligent environmental safety system. The main measures for the implementation of the developed proposals are formulated, a preliminary analysis of the technological feasibility of their implementation is carried out.
Dynamic characteristics of a wheeled vessel during mooring operations with regard to external influences
Authors: Грошева Л.С. , Плющаев В.И.
Published: June 2022

В работе обсуждаются вопросы, связанные с автоматизацией процесса судовождения в рамках реализации элементов концепции безэкипажного судовождения. Рассмотрена реализация этапов процесса подготовки судна к швартовке в автоматическом режиме судов нового типа, оснащенных колесным движительно-рулевым комплексом. Особое внимание уделено торможению судна, т.е. снижению скорости до приемлемого уровня и выходу его в заранее заданную область. В дальнейшем производится ориентация корпуса судна относительно причальной стенки и перемещение к ней лагом. Маневры выполняются за счет изменения направления вращения и соотношения частот вращения гребных колес. Существенное влияние на динамические характеристики судна при выполнении этого маневра оказывают внешние воздействия. В работе изучено влияние ветра на динамику судна в процессе торможения при реализации предложенного алгоритма управления движительным комплексом судна. Получены аналитические выражения для вычисления поправочного коэффициента для алгоритма управления, обеспечивающего остановку судна в заданной точке в зависимости от силы и направления кажущегося ветра, а также начальной скорости движения судна. Предложенные подходы позволяют реализовать автоматическую швартовку колесных судов.

The paper represents the issues related to automation of the navigation process within the framework of implementing the elements of the unmanned navigation concept. The authors consider the preparation stages of new-type vessels equipped with wheeled propulsion/steering system for mooring in automatic mode. Particular attention is paid to vessel braking, i.e. reducing the speed to an acceptable level and going into a predetermined area. Then the vessel's hull is oriented relative to the quay wall and moves towards it with a lag. The maneuvers are performed by changing the direction of rotation and the ratio of rotation frequencies of the paddle wheels. External influences exert a significant impact on the dynamic characteristics of the vessel when performing this maneuver. The paper studies the effect of wind on the dynamics of a ship during braking while implementing the proposed control algorithm for the propulsion system of the ship. Analytical expressions for calculating the correction factor for the control algorithm are obtained. The algorithm ensures the stopping of the ship at a given point, depending on the strength and direction of the apparent wind, as well as the initial speed of the ship. The proposed approaches make it possible to implement automatic mooring of wheeled vessels.
Forecasting variable course in the process of maneuvering
Authors: Юдин Ю.И. , Позняков С.И.
Published: June 2022

В начальной стадии выполнения любого маневра необходимо прогнозирование движения судна в текущих условиях плавания до момента совершения судоводителем через средства управления судном определенных управляющих воздействий. Как правило, такое прогнозирование основывается на практическом опыте судоводителя, осуществляющего управление или дающего команды на выполнение управляющего воздействия. В данном случае не исключена ошибка, вероятность которой существенно возрастает, если условия, в которых выполняется маневр не адекватны практическому опыту судоводителя. В лучшем случае, оценку правильности выполняемых действий он осуществляет последовательно, методом проб и ошибок. Относительная скоротечность выполнения любой сложной операции по маневрированию судна не представляет судоводителю достаточно времени для анализа степени и характера влияния множества факторов на поведение судна. В этих условиях целесообразно использовать возможность бортового компьютера. Для этого необходимо, прежде всего, иметь в памяти компьютера базовую математическую модель судна (возможно несколько моделей разного вида), программу идентификации математической модели с привязкой к текущим условиям плавания и состоянию загрузки судна на данный момент, а также алгоритм и разработанные на его основе программные средства для выполнения прогноза движения судна. Решению этих задач посвящена настоящая статья.

At the initial stage of performing any maneuver, it is necessary to predict the movement of the vessel in the current sailing conditions until the moment the navigator makes certain control actions through the means of control of the vessel. As a rule, such forecasting is based on the practical experience of the navigator performing control or giving the command to perform control action. In this case, an error is not excluded, the probability of which increases significantly if the conditions in which the maneuver is performed are not adequate to the navigator's practical experience. At best, he evaluates the correctness of the actions performed sequentially, by trial and error. The relative transience of any complex ship maneuvering operation does not provide the navigator with enough time to analyze the degree and nature of the influence of many factors on the ship's behavior. In these conditions, it is advisable to use the capability of the on-board computer. To do this, it is necessary, first of all, to have in the computer memory the basic mathematical model of the ship (several models of different types are possible), the program for identifying the mathematical model with reference to the current sailing conditions and the state of loading of the ship at the moment, as well as an algorithm and software developed on its basis. means for forecasting the movement of the vessel. This article is devoted to solving these problems.
Orbital Lymphoma: Clinical Features and Management at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital in 2018
Authors: Rahmi Messia Refri , Rahman Ardizal
Published: June 2022

Background: Orbital lymphoma is found in 50-60% of ocular adnexal lymphomas, with approximately 90% of orbital lymphomas being Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Clinical features may include proptosis, ptosis, limitation of eye movement, and salmon patch lesions on the conjunctiva. If an orbital tumor is present, an accurate histopathological examination is important in the management of orbital lymphoma. Because of nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms, some diagnostic delays may occur. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical features, diagnostic approach, and treatment choice in orbital lymphomas.

Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with orbital lymphoma in an outpatient clinic in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital from January to December 2018. Patients’ medical records were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The patient group consisted of 6 patients (five males and one female) with a median age of 58 years. Proptosis and orbital swelling were the leading clinical symptoms, mainly found unilateral (five cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by a surgical biopsy. One histology result showed lymph node hyperplasia, which didn't suit the clinical manifestation and got re-reviewed. All histology results then showed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with the small lymphocytic type (100%). Five patients received systemic chemotherapy with the CHOP regimen protocol, and one patient refused to get further chemotherapy treatment.

Conclusion: When unmatched orbital symptoms with histology results are present, re-reviewing the histology result is essential. Once the diagnosis is established, systemic chemotherapy is indicated and can proceed so there will be no delay in treatment
Aquifer Characterization in Hard Rock Terrain of Brookshabad, Port Blair, South Andaman, India through 2-D Electrical Resistivity Imaging Technique
Authors: Narshimulu G , Shiva Shankar Venkatesan , Dharanirajan K , Mohan PM , Satyakeerthy TR , Jacob Sunil
Published: June 2022

Although tropical islands like the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI's) receive ample rainfall but still face an acute shortage of freshwater. The present investigation aims at the characterization of the aquifer in the ophiolite suite (hard rock) of Brookshabad region in South Andaman using 2D electrical resistivity imaging techniques (Wenner-Schlumberger). Five profiles were laid, in each profile, thirty-two steel electrodes with 5 m intervals (32*5=160 m) have adhered. Out of the five profiles, the 2 nd profile shows a promising freshwater lens at a depth of 21.5 to 31.5m
Pegmatites As Decorative and Dimensional Stone Occurring in South-Central Rajasthan, India
Authors: Singh Pradhuman , Shekhawat M. S.
Published: June 2022

The Precambrian formations of south-central Rajasthan host the unique deposits of pegmatite popularly known as ‘Alaska white’. These deposits are located mainly in Jawaja and Rajgarh areas of Ajmer, Gangapur and Jahazpur areas of Bhilwara and Amet and Deogarh areas of Rajsamand districts, Rajasthan. Field and the mineralogical study indicate that these deposits represent a compact and massive-type of pegmatite composed mainly of microcline, quartz and muscovite with subordinate amounts of albite and tourmaline. These pegmatite deposits occur as rounded to sub-rounded lenticular bodies emplaced concordantly within the rock formations of Bhilwara and Delhi Supergroups. These deposits are being developed and utilized by open-cast, fully-mechanized block-benching methods of mining for their extensive use as decorative and dimensional stones. Nearly 90% of the recovered resource is being exported mainly to U.S.A. and China in the form of well-dressed blocks of suitable sizes.
Bioengineering for Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes in Textile Effluents using Microbial Enzymes
Authors: Sen Aparajita , Nigam Arti
Published: June 2022

With the increasing use of synthetic dyes in textile industries, there has been a simultaneous increase in the levels of water pollution, as a result of release of effluents from these textile industries. The effluents constitute majorly of synthetic dyes which are toxic and harm aquatic organisms. Thus, we need to treat the effluents prior to release into the environment. The available physio-chemical methods have limitations when applied at large scale, and thus biological methods are the most suitable. Biological agents may be biomass or purified enzymes. Dye decolorization is achieved mostly by either/both biodegradation and biosorption. In biodegradation, the dye is converted to a less toxic product by microbial enzymes, and in biosorption the dye particles are adsorbed on the surface of the microbial cells. In this review, there is a compilation of the efficiency of dye decolorization by enzymatic degradation of various azo and anthraquinone dyes by microbial enzymes.
Applications of Hydrophobins in Medical Biotechnolog
Authors: L. Salve Amol , B. Apotikar Shreyash , Muddebihalkar Shreya V. , S. Joshi Kalpana , S. Kulkarni Shraddha
Published: June 2022

Class I and class II Hydrophobins are small, low molecular weight cysteine-rich protein produced by filamentous fungi, of approximately 100 amino acids, whose size ranges between 5-20 kDa. Research over the last 10 years gave an improved insight into the applications of hydrophobins in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. The study of hydrophobins, self-assembly between hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces led to a better understanding of physical properties and their applications. Different coatings which use anti-fouling agents like hydrophobins are used for fabricating medical devices to provide bacteriocidal and antiplatelet activity for instance by fusion of SC3-NO-releasing medical-grade polymer; formation of antibacterial surfaces. Hydrophobins have been used for making Nano suspensions of water-insoluble drugs to increase their efficiency/effectiveness and for better oral administration.In addition to it, Hydrophobins are used for immobilization of molecules and cells, Detection of antigen-antibody interaction. This review highlights the study of a significant wide range of applications by various methods, also showcasing the need for developing new product strategies to improve the low yields for their broader use. Hydrophobins being a promising protein gives widespread opportunities for their application in medical and therapeutics.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Key Pathways Associated with PTPN11 Mutation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Rangasamy Nithya , Santhy K. S.
Published: June 2022

PTPN11 is a prominent oncogene in many tumors, which linked with poor prognosis. But the gene expression profile associated with this gene mutation in AML is not yet fully elucidated. So, the current study was intended to explore the key genes and pathways associated with AML with PTPN11 mutation. Using the TCGA database, we investigated the gene expression profile for PTPN11 mutation and wild type. EdgeR, an R platform, was applied to categorize the differentially expressed genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was accomplished using DAVID and GSEA. PPI network is investigated with STRING database and Cytoscape software. A statistical investigation was employed to examine the expression levels of genes and prognostic values. As a result, in total 3268 gene s were differentially expressed. GO, KEGG pathway and GSEA analysis of up and down-regulated genes represented that gene were enriched in apoptosis and metabolic signaling pathways. Furthermore, ten hub genes GAPDH, HSP90AA, MYC, UBB, HSPA4, EP300, CCDS, POLR2A, EFTUD2, RPL11. GAPDH was identified from the PPI network. A statistical investigation revealed that PTPN11 gene mutation associated with AML patients had a shorter median survival time with an increased risk of death compared with those without mutations.
Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variability in Ambient Ultraviolet-B Radiation Level at a Tropical Region of Indo-Gangetic Plain
Authors: Hamid, A.  , Singh, S.  , Rai, K.  , Jaiswal, D.  , Agrawal, S.B
Published: June 2022

This study evaluated the annual, seasonal, and diurnal variations in the ambient UV-B levels at a tropical region of the Indo-Gangetic plain during 2016 – 2018. Prominent seasonal variations in ambient Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) levels were recorded. Daytime cumulative UV-B varied from 16.75-37.45 (2016), 13.08- 35.89 (2017) and 14.76-34.5 (2018) during summer; from 24.02-3.65 (2016), 18.32-3.11 (2017) and 11.09-2.09 (2018) during winter and 25.56 – 41.17 (2016), 20.1 – 39.21 (2017) and 14.82 – 37.18 (2018) during rainy season. The ambient UV-B level was dependent on numerous meteorological variables (cloud cover, relative humidity, rainfall, and sunshine hours), astronomical factors (Solar Zenith Angle), and pollutants (like tropospheric ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and aerosols). Monthly average UV-B levels positively varied with sunshine hours and PAR and inversely varied with cloud cover. This study suggests that the region is exposed to highly dynamic UV-B levels, which could be a potent threat to plants specially grown during summer-rainy seasons. The study could be further expanded for the entire region using various mathematical tools.
Context-Based Text Completion System for Amharic Language
Authors: Mulu Alemebante , Goyal Vishal
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses the practical aspects of easiness in communication using Short Message Service (SMS), E-mailing, correcting misspelt words and checking the grammatical mistakes. There are different data entry mechanisms to insert a text on the computer machine as well as a mobile device, such as a keyboard, soft keys, speech etc. The paper proposed to develop a contextbased auto text completion system for the Amharic language specifically to correct misspelling on Short Message Service (SMS), E-mailing and helps to correct the grammar mistakes as well. Data entry technique can be inserted with the support of text completion (predictive) or non-predictive. Therefore, we are using a statistical model, Predictive Partial Match (PPM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) approaches for implementing the Amharic contextbased text completion system. Since the system is developed by using the context-based and statistical model, we adopted the Amharic Part of Speech (POS) tagger system. For training and testing the system, we are using 395,464 unique words with frequency and 750,000 sentences that has been prepared by the Walta Information Centre (WIA) and Ethiopia News Agency (ENA). All those data have been used to build the Amharic dictionary, the corpus of the system and to calculate the frequency occurrences of each word as well. Finally, the results show a 14% improvement from traditional frequency-based Amharic word prediction system.
Retrieving Codes in Security Hologram Using Encoded Dual Beam
Authors: Sharma Amit Kumar , Kumar Roopesh
Published: June 2022

A simplistic approach for hiding and retrieving security codes in hologram is described here. Retrieval of these codes requires encoded dual beam which are recorded in a key hologram. In the reading process, spatially separated focus spots are formed which on divergence form moiré fringes in the observation plane. The nulling of moiré fringe in repositioning security hologram is possible only in case of genuine security and key hologram pair. The retrieval of hidden codes in the security hologram further needs spatial filtering of focus spots.
Study of electronic structure, electrical characteristics and transport properties of heteroatoms (N, O & S) based Anthracene molecular Nanowires-A DFT Study
Authors: Palaniappan Jayalakshmi , Balakrishnan Jothi , Karuppannan Selvaraju , Arputharaj David Stephen , Violet Mary C Pitchumani
Published: June 2022

For designing the electronic devices using molecular wires, it is important to understand the electronic properties at the molecular level. In this paper, the simulation methodology for analyzing the electrical conductivity of anthracene conjugated molecule sandwich between Au atoms via linker Sulfur atom, is proposed. This theoretical analysis is carried out for different applied electric field ranges from 0 to 0.26 VÅ-1 to metal electrode Au atom using density functional theory (DFT). The effect of external applied electric field towards the structural variation of metal attached anthracene molecule [WH] is well explored and compared the results with that of hetero atoms [N, S, and O] substituted heterocyclic systems [HAA, HTA and HOA]. Further, the ability of electron flow through these systems were explored from the analysis frontier molecular orbitals and density of states (DOS). The bonding nature of the studied molecules were well described from the QTAIM analysis and finally the reactive sites for electrophilic and nucleophilic attack was identified from the simulation of molecular electrostatic potential surface. Non-covalent interaction (NCI-RDG) analysis is addressed to characterize the interactions in heteroatom substituted anthracene based molecular nanowires. In our overall study, the outcomes are exposing that the significates feature and importance of electrical conductivity nature and transport characteristic of hetero-atoms (N, S, O) substituted anthracene based molecular nanowires.
Bayesian Risk Analysis for Length Biased Log Logistic Distribution Under Different Loss
Authors: Pandey Ranjita , Srivastava Pulkit , Ali Danish
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is parametric and reliability estimation for the two parameter length biased log-logistic distribution under squared error, generalized exponential, linear exponential and precautionary loss functions. Bayes estimates obtained under non informative priors through Lindleys approximation and through Markov Chain Monte Carlo are then compared with the classical parametric estimates. Bayesian risk analysis based on a simulated and a real data set are used to demonstrate application of the theoretic results.
Optimal Design of 𝒕𝒓 -chart under Two Perspectives with Estimated Parameter
Authors: Baranwal Amita , Singh Tribhuvan
Published: June 2022

It is known that the performance of a control chart is affected by the parameter estimation adversely, in comparison to known parameter case. However, it has been showed by several authors that the large Phase I sample is required for the chart with estimated parameter to achieve the chart performance of known parameter case. In fact, the required amount of data is much larger and impractical to observe. This leads to the design of control chart with available Phase I sample to attain the desired IC performance. Although two perspectives are suggested to design the control charts with available Phase I sample in literature; unconditional and conditional. In this paper, 𝒕𝒓 -chart is designed under these two perspectives so that the 𝒕𝒓 -charts have optimal IC performance in terms of three criteria. Further, IC and OOC performance of optimal design 𝒕𝒓 -chart is evaluated. Moreover, a comparison is done between optimal design charts optimized in same criteria but from the different perspectives. It is found that the optimal design 𝒕𝒓 - charts under conditional perspective outperforms the optimal design 𝒕𝒓 -charts under unconditional perspective in terms of some performance measures.
Type-I Progressive Hybrid Censoring Scheme: Bayesian Estimation for the Pareto Distribution of the Second Kind
Authors: Gautam Ramprawesh Singh
Published: June 2022

The use of Pareto Distribution of the second kind as a lifetime model is advocated by many authors. For this distribution, we derive maximum likelihood and Bayes estimators of the parameters and reliability function under typeI progressive hybrid censoring scheme. The Bayes estimates are obtained under squared-error, General Entropy (GE) loss function and LINEX loss functions using Lindley's approximation. A simulation study is also done to show the performance of the results
Infecciones asociadas a dispositivos intravasculares en adultos en un hospital colombiano
Authors: Mora Javier , Palomino Leandro , Cabra Andrea , Álvarez Camilo
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de infecciones asociadas a dispositivos en un periodo de 48 meses. Material y método: estudio observacional, de corte transversal, con pacientes mayores de 18 años que presentaron bacteriemia asociada a dispositivo en el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael de Bogotá, Colombia. Resultados: prevalencia del 1.59% de los cuales el 14.29% fueron complicadas y de estos el 60% fueron endocarditis y el 40% trombosis sépticas. Los bacilos Gram negativos aportaron el 63.04% en su mayoría Klebsiella pneumoniae. Discusión: la prevalencia de infecciones asociadas a dispositivos intravasculares es inferior a los reportes previos.