bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Selective Extraction Followed by Solid Phase Determination of Metformin in Pharmaceutical Preparation and in Human Serum
Authors: Aldeen Rana A. Kamal , Al-Bayati Yehya K.
Published: October 2023

يوضح هذا البحث تحضير وتخزين البوليمرات الجزيئية المطبوعة (MIP) في درجة حرارة الغرفة عن طريق البلمرة الصلدة لـ (Metformin (Met والتي تتميز بالحساسية العالية والتكلفة المنخفضة والاستقرار العالي. اذ تم أخذ نسب 0.8: 4: 20 ملي مول للقالب ، و للمونومر ولعوامل الربط المتصالب للبلمرة من أجل ضمان قدرة امتزاز مناسبة.  المونومر الوظيفي الستايرين C8H8  تم ربطه مع إيثيلين جليكول ثنائي ميثاكريلات EGDMA C10H14O4 رابط التشابك وبالتالي إنشاء MIP لـ Metformin كـ Met-MIP تم تمييزه باستخدام مقياس الطيف الضوئي UV-VIS عند 236 نانومتر في الادوية الصيدلانية ومصل الانسان ، والتحليل الطيفي بالأشعة تحت الحمراء  والمسح المجهري الإلكتروني للطبعة الدوائية. أنشأت عملية الشطف التي تم تطبيقها على القالب اي انتزاع القالب ال  Met من Met-MIP تجاويف ناتجة عن استخدام المذيب المكون للفجوات المكون من الميثانول والكلوروفورم وحمض الخليك (10:20:70) مللترعلى التوالي. كانت السعة القصوى للامتزاز Met-MIP هي 1.2320 ، 2.4448 ميكرو مول / غم عند استخدام وزن 0.1 و0.2 غم من Met-MIP على التوالي. استخدمت سرنجة الطور الصلب (SPE) المعبأة ببوليمرات مطبوعة جزيئيًا (MIPs) للفصل الانتقائي والتركيز للميتفورمين في العديد من الأدوية الصيدلانية من عدة مصادر. اعتمد المصل البشري على استخدام الماء منزوع الأيونات لتخفيف المصل ، يليه تسخين المصل مع الميثانول ، ثم اضافة بضع قطرات من حمض الهيدروكلوريك 1M للحصول على محلول رائق  ليتم الكشف عن الميتفورمين في منطقة الأشعة فوق البنفسجية عند طول موجي 236 نانومتر من خلال تطبيق طريقة الإضافة القياسية.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extracts
Authors: Salih Hawazen H.
Published: October 2023

اصبح تركيب جسيمات الفضة النانوية بالطرق الخضراء بواسطة النباتات شائعًا بشكل متزايد بسبب ملاءمته للبيئة ، وتوفره ، وفعاليته وكلفته القليلة ، ويمكن التعامل معه بأمان ويمتلك تنوعًا واسعًا من المركبات الفعالة ، مثل مضادات الأكسدة و ومركبات مضادة للميكروبات. في الدراسة الحالية ، تم تصنيع جسيمات الفضة النانوية  AgNPs باستخدام المستخلصات المائية والميثانولية لأوراق الشاي الاخضر التي اختزلت نترات الفضة, والتي تم توصيفها باستخدام العديد من التقنيات التحليلية مثل القياس الطيفي المرئي فوق البنفسجي (UV-Vis) ، والتحويل الطيفي بالأشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) ، والفحص المجهري الذري (AFM) ، وتشتت الأشعة السينية (XRD) وفحص جهد زيتا. أشارت الملاحظة البصرية إلى أن لون نترات الفضة المائية قد تحول بعد المعاملة بمستخلصات الأوراق وتأكد ذلك بواسطة أطياف UV-Vis. فضلا عن ذلك ، أظهر تحليل AFM أن الجسيمات كانت كروية الشكل ، مفردة أو في مجاميع بمتوسط ​​أحجام 108.3 و 84.76 نانومتر للمستخلصات المائية والميثانولية على التوالي. كذلك, أكدت تقنية XRD الطبيعة البلورية للجسيمات النانوية, وتم تقدير متوسط ​​الحجم وفقًا لمعادلة شيرير اذ بلغت 61.24 و 99.66 نانومتر للمستخلصات المائية والميثانولية (CANPs)  على التوالي. بالإضافة إلى قيم زيتا المحتملة كانت-30.31 و -32.33 مللي فولت للمستخلصات المائية والميثانولية CANPs على التوالي.
Living arrangements and socioeconomic-based health disparities in Mexico
Authors: Huffman-Espinosa Curtis , García-Ramos Carla
Published: October 2023

Objective. To investigate the role living arrangements play in the co-dynamics of socioeconomic position and health in the latter part of life. Materials and methods. Based on longitudinal data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS), latent class analysis (LCA) and locally weighted regressions, in this article we estimate age trajectories to examine the degree to which wealth and health-related outcomes correlate with typical living arrangement dynamics. Results. Main results suggest a complex dynamic relationship between living arrangements and social inequalities in health, with important differences by sex, unlike mortality trends as they appear to diverge with differences in wealth regardless of household structure. Conclusions. Our methodological approach provides new insights regarding the likely effect household structure plays when analyzing the dynamics of social inequality. To date, this is the first longitudinal analysis to offer this kind of empirical evidence for the region.
“Zero change” platform for monolithic back-end-of-line integration of phase change materials in silicon photonics
Authors: Lin Hongtao , Wei Maoliang , Xu Kai , Tang Bo , Li Junying , Yun Yiting , Zhang Peng , Wu Yingchun , Bao Kangjian , Lei Kunhao , Chen Zequn , Ma Hui , Sun Chunlei , Liu Ruonan , Li Ming , Li Lan
Published: October 2023

Monolithic integration of novel materials for unprecedented device functions without modifying the existing photonic component library is the key to advancing heterogeneous silicon photonic integrated circuits. To achieve this, the introduction of a silicon nitride etching stop layer at selective area, coupled with low-loss oxide trench to waveguide surface, enables the incorporation of various functional materials without disrupting the reliability of foundry-verified devices. As an illustration, two distinct chalcogenide phase change materials (PCM) with remarkable nonvolatile modulation capabilities, namely Sb2Se3 and Ge2Sb2Se4Te1, were monolithic back-end-of-line integrated into silicon photonics. The PCM enables compact phase and intensity tuning units with zero-static power consumption. Taking advantage of these building blocks, the phase error of a push-pull Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical switch could be trimmed by a nonvolatile phase shifter with a 48% peak power consumption reduction. Mirco-ring filters with a rejection ratio >25dB could be applied for >5-bit wavelength selective intensity modulation, and waveguide-based >7-bit intensity-modulation photonic attenuators could achieve >39dB broadband attenuation. The advanced “Zero change” back-end-of-line integration platform could not only facilitate the integration of PCMs for integrated reconfigurable photonics but also open up the possibilities for integrating other excellent optoelectronic materials in the future silicon photonic process design kits.
Highly defective ultra-small tetravalent MOF nanocrystals
Authors: Tissot Antoine , Dai Shan , Serre Christian , Simms Charlotte , Parac-Vogt Tatjana , Patriarche Gilles , Daturi Marco
Published: October 2023

The size and defects in crystalline inorganic materials are of importance in many applications, particularly catalysis, as it often results in enhanced/emerging properties. So far, applying the modulation chemistry strategy has been unable to afford high-quality functional Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) nanocrystals with minimized size while exhibiting maximized defects. We report here a general sustainable strategy for the design of highly defective and ultra-small tetravalent MOFs (Zr, Hf) crystals (ca. 35% missing linker, 4–6 nm). Advanced characterizations have been performed to shed light on the main factors governing the crystallization mechanism and to identify the defects’ nature. The ultra-small nanoMOFs showed exceptional performance in peptide hydrolysis reaction, including high reactivity, selectivity, diffusion, stability, and show emerging tailorable reactivity and selectivity towards peptide bond formation by changing the reaction solvent. Therefore, these highly defective ultra-small M(IV)-MOFs particles open new perspectives for the development of heterogeneous MOF catalysts with dual functions.
Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation on the biochemical parameters, milk fatty acid composition, and production performance of Holstein dairy cows around parturition
Authors: Amini Mahmood Reza , naserian abasali , Babazadeh Daryush , Razavi Seyed Amin , Valizadeh Reza , Dirandeh Essa , Baghshahi Hojjat
Published: October 2023

The present study evaluated the effects of switching from fatty acids, n-6 polyunsaturated (PUFA) to n-3 (PUFA) supplements while maintaining constant lipogenic and glucogenic diets around calving period. A total of 30 Holstein cows, selected based on their body condition and parity, were divided into three treatment groups. The cows were blocked from 21 (± 2) days before calving to 42 days post-calving.The teatments included a group that received a basal diet (control group), a group that received basal diet with 1.38% dry matter (DM) of palm fat, a saturated fatty acid (SFA group), and a group received 5% (DM) of safflower seeds (source of n-6 PUFA) from day 21 before calving to the day 21 after calving and 3.85% (DM) of flaxseed (n-3, PUFA) from the day 21 to day 42 after calving (Omega group). The feed supplemented with saturated and PUFA could increase milk production in comparison to the control group. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration was significantly greater in the SFA and the Omega groups compared to the control group. Insulin levels before and after calving were greater in the Omega group than in the SFA group. Among the inflammatory and immune factors, the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly greater in the Omega group during the prepartum period and total antioxidant capacity in the SFA and Omega groups during the entire experiment. Consequently, supplementing n-6 PUFA during the close-up and n-3 PUFA during the early lactation period can increase milk production without affecting dry matter intake.
The effects of obesity on surgical complications and postoperative prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sheng Jingjing , Zhou Yunxiao , Yuan Zhilin , Jin Zujian , Li Chu , Huang Yiping
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveTo comprehensivelyevaluate and compare surgical outcomes of obese patients versus non-obese patients for surgical complications and postoperative prognosis due to epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsStudies were obtained from database search systems of, Medline (PubMed) and Embase. Data were analyzed by the meta-analysis method and the random-effect or fixed-effect model. The heterogeneity between the studies was evaluated byI2 index and the data were analyzed using STATA version 15.1 and Review Manager version 5.4.Results14 studies with 4858 cases of proven epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent extensive surgery were included. Obesity may be a risk factor of the low surgical complex score (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15, p = 0.05), but had no manifesting difference in the surgical complications scorecompared non-obesity group (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.07–3.79, p = 0.501 and RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.22–1.63,p = 0.316). Obesity EOC patients who undergone surgery tended to be correlated with surgical complications, such as wound infection (RR 2.71, 95% CI 1.59-4.61, p = 0.000), intestinal complications (RR 2.09, 95% CI 1.00-4.35, p = 0.000), and 30-readmission rate (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.16-2.93, p = 0.000). Obese patients were more likely to have shorter prognosis free survival (PFS) (SMD0.62-year, 95% CI − 0.13 to 0.15), but the results did not discover a significant difference in overall survival (OS)between obesity and non-obesity. (SMD 0.01-year, 95% CI − 0.13 to 0.15)ConclusionsObesity affects the difficulty of ovarian cancer surgery, and a negative relationship between obesity and surgical complications is observed. Obesity is a potential risk factor for prognosis of EOC patients. Attention is played on determining what kind of case should be benefit most from this surgery to minimize the rates of operativecomplications and postoperative mortality.PROSPERO registration number: CRD 42023434781
Self-reactive germline-like TCR alpha chains shared between blood and pancreas
Authors: Linsley Peter , Nakayama Maki , Balmas Elisa , Chen Janice , Pour Fariba , Bansal Shubham , Serti Elisavet , Speake Cate , Pugliese Alberto , Cerosaletti Karen
Published: October 2023

Human islet antigen reactive CD4 + memory T cells (IAR T cells) from peripheral blood have been studied extensively for their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, IAR T cells are rare, and it remains poorly understood how they affect T1D progression in the pancreas. Using single cell RNA-sequencing coupled with a multiplexed activation induced marker (AIM) enrichment assay, we identified paired TCR alpha/beta (TRA/TRB) T cell receptors (TCRs) in IAR T cells from the blood of healthy, at-risk, new onset, and established T1D donors. Using TCR sequences as barcodes, we measured infiltration of IAR T cells from blood into pancreas of organ donors with and without T1D. We detected extensive TCR sharing between IAR T cells from peripheral blood and pancreatic infiltrating T cells (PIT), with perfectly matched or single mismatched TRA junctions and J gene regions, comprising ~ 34% of unique IAR TCRs. PIT-matching IAR T cells had public TRA chains that showed increased use of germline-encoded residues in epitope engagement and a propensity for cross-reactivity. The link with T cells in the pancreas implicates autoreactive IAR T cells with shared TRA junctions and increased levels in blood with the prediabetic and new onset phases of T1D progression.
Comparative Analysis of Ocular Biometrics using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography with Purkinje Image and Optic Nerve Head Alignments in Mice
Authors: Sze Ying Hon , Zuo Bing , Lu Da Qian , Li King Kit , Tse Dennis Yan Yin , Zhao Qian , Lam Thomas Chuen
Published: October 2023

Background
Myopia is the leading cause of distance refractive error, in which objects form in front of the retina rather than on the retina itself during emmetropization. Mice is an emerging model for experimental myopia. This study aims to compare ocular biometric measurements with Purkinje image-based and optic nerve head alignment methods of normal eyes in C57BL/6J mice.
Methods
Ocular dimensions and refractive development were measured on postnatal days P21 (n = 10), P28 (n = 15), and P35 (n = 8). The Purkinje image-based alignment (P1) was determined by a photorefractor and aligned perpendicular to the corneal apex using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In comparison to the optic nerve head (ONH) alignment due to the lack of fovea in mice retina. Variance analysis, regression analysis and Bland‒Altman analysis were performed to compare differences between alignment methods and replication by another operator.
Results
Mice developed hyperopic ametropia under normal visual conditions. The photorefractor measured a technical variation of 3.9 D (95% CI, n = 170, triplicates). Bland-Altman analysis revealed a shorter (mean ± SD) axial length (-26.4 ± 18.1 µm) and vitreous chamber depth (-39.9 ± 25.4 µm) in Purkinje image-based alignment. Significant difference in the relative growing trend in VCD (linear regression, p = 0.02), relatively stable and shortening when measured with ONH alignment from postnatal age 21 to 35 days.
Conclusions
SD-OCT allowed precise in-vivo ocular dimension measurement and segmentation. A significantly shorter AL and VCD were observed in Purkinje image based (P1) alignment compared to ONH method, highlighting the importance of alignment methods in optical based technique that may introduce false positive axial elongation in myopia research. Axial length has better consistency over VCD for the evaluation of axial elongation.
CodePrompt: Improving Source Code-Related Classification with Knowledge Features through Prompt Learning
Authors: Ma Yong , Luo Senlin , Shang Yu-Ming , Zhang Yifei , Li Zhengjun
Published: October 2023

Researchers have explored the potential of utilizing pre-trained language models, such as CodeBert, to improve source code-related tasks. Previous studies have mainly relied on CodeBert's text embedding capability and the '[CLS]' sentence embedding information as semantic representations for fine-tuning downstream source code-related tasks. However, these methods require additional neural network layers to extract effective features, resulting in higher computational costs. Furthermore, existing approaches have not leveraged the rich knowledge contained in both source code and related text, which can lead to lower accuracy. This paper presents a novel approach, CodePrompt, which utilizes rich knowledge recalled from a pre-trained model by prompt learning and an attention mechanism to improve source code-related classification tasks. Our approach initially motivates the language model with prompt information to retrieve abundant knowledge associated with the input as representative features, thus avoiding the need for additional neural network layers and reducing computational costs. Subsequently, we employ an attention mechanism to aggregate multiple layers of related knowledge for each task as final features to boost their accuracy. We conducted extensive experiments on four downstream source code-related tasks to evaluate our approach and our results demonstrate that CodePrompt achieves new state-of-the-art performance on the accuracy metric while also exhibiting computation cost-saving capabilities.
A patient-centered comparative effectiveness research study of culturally appropriate options for diabetes self-management
Authors: Page-Reeves Janet , Murray-Krezan Cristina , Burge Mark , Mishra Shiraz , Regino Lidia , Bleecker Molly , Rodriguez Daniel Perez , McGrew Hannah Cole , Bearer Elaine L. , Erhardt Erik
Published: October 2023

This project compared the effectiveness of two evidence-based models of culturally competent diabetes health promotion: The Diabetes Self-Management Support Empowerment Model (DSMS), and The Chronic Care Model (CCM). Our primary outcome was improvement in patient capacity for diabetes self-management as measured by the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) and the Patient Activation Measure (PAM). Our secondary outcome was patient success at diabetes self-management as measured by lower A1c values and depression scores using the PHQ-9. We also gathered data on the cultural competence of the program using the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competence Set (CAHPS-CC). We compared patient outcomes in two sites in Albuquerque, New Mexico, that serve a large population of Latino diabetes patients from low-income households. Participants were enrolled as dyads—a patient participant (n=226) and a social support participant (n=226). Outcomes over time and by program were analyzed using longitudinal linear mixed modeling, adjusted for patient participant demographic characteristics and other potential confounding covariates. Secondary outcomes were also adjusted for potential confounders. Interactions with both time and program helped to assess outcomes. This study did not find a difference between the two sites with respect to the primary outcome measures and only one of the three secondary outcomes showed differential results. The main difference between programs was that depression decreased more for CCM than for DSMS. An exploratory, subgroup analysis revealed that at CCM, patient participants with a very high A1c (>10) demonstrated a clinically meaningful decrease in A1c. However, given the higher cultural competence rating for the CCM, statistically significant improvement in depression, and the importance of social support to the patients, results suggest that a culturally and contextually situated diabetes self-management and education program design may deliver benefit for patients, especially for those patients with high A1c levels.
Can the Pareto optimality theory reveal cellular trade-offs in diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma transcriptomic data?
Authors: Blais Jonatan , Jeukens Julie
Published: October 2023

One of the main challenges in cancer treatment is the selection of treatment resistant clones which leads to the emergence of resistance to previously efficacious therapies. Identifying vulnerabilities in the form of cellular trade-offs constraining the phenotypic possibility space could allow to avoid the emergence of resistance by simultaneously targeting cellular processes that are involved in different alternative phenotypic strategies linked by trade-offs. The Pareto optimality theory has been proposed as a framework allowing to identify such trade-offs in biological data from its prediction that it would lead to the presence of specific geometrical patterns (polytopes) in e.g. gene expression space, with vertices representing specialized phenotypes. We tested this approach in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCBL) transcriptomic data. As predicted, there was highly statistically significant evidence for the data forming a tetrahedron in gene expression space, defining four specialized phenotypes (archetypes). These archetypes were significantly enriched in certain biological functions, and contained genes that formed a pattern of shared and unique elements among archetypes, as expected if trade-offs between essential functions underlie the observed structure. The results can be interpreted as reflecting trade-offs between aerobic energy production and protein synthesis, and between immunotolerant and immune escape strategies. Targeting genes on both sides of these trade-offs simultaneously represent potential promising avenues for therapeutic applications.
Evaluating the influence of environmental accounting practices on the operational efficiency of seafood businesses in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Thanh Hien Duong , Tuan Vu Ho , Ngoc Phi Anh Doan
Published: October 2023

This paper deals with factors affecting environmental accounting adoption and its impact on operational performance in Vietnamese seafood enterprises. The data were collected from seafood enterprises in Vietnam. Structural equation modeling was applied to explore the causal relationship between operational performance and other factors. The results show that the factors affecting the implementation of environmental accounting based on normalized weights include manager support, with the strongest impact (0.286), followed by the level of technology (0.155), qualifications of accountants (0.191), pressure from stakeholders (0.129), business characteristics (0.117), financial resources (0.113), legal regulations (0.103), and finally environmental changes (0.1). The results also show that environmental accounting implementation strongly impacts operational performance (standardized weight 0.351). The correlation relationships in the model are all statistically significant, with a 95% confidence level (p = 0.000 < 0.05). The paper contributes to perfecting the factors affecting the implementation of environmental accounting, clearly seeing its benefits and positive impacts on performance in seafood enterprises in Vietnam, to achieve environmental protection goals, increase economic benefits, and sustainable development.
AcknowledgmentThis study is conducted within the framework of the doctoral project subject to Decision No. 1807/QD-ĐHDT dated May 10, 2023, Duy Tan University, Vietnam. The authors would like to acknowledge the reviewers and the editor-in-chief for their assistance.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever: a growing global menace
Authors: Parveen Shakeela , Riaz Zainab , Saeed Saba , Ishaque Urwah , Sultana Mehwish , Faiz Zunaira , Shafqat Zainab , Shabbir Saman , Ashraf Sana , Marium Amna
Published: October 2023

Dengue virus is an arthropod-borne virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti among humans. In this review, we discussed the epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) as well as the disease's natural history, cycles of transmission, clinical diagnosis, aetiology, prevention, therapy, and management. A systematic literature search was done by databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar using search terms, ‘dengue fever’, ‘symptoms and causes of dengue fever’, ‘dengue virus transmission’, and ‘strategies to control dengue’. We reviewed relevant literature to identify hazards related to DHF and the most recent recommendations for its management and prevention. Clinical signs and symptoms of dengue infection range from mild dengue fever (DF) to potentially lethal conditions like DHF or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Acute-onset high fever, muscle and joint pain, myalgia, a rash on the skin, hemorrhagic episodes, and circulatory shock are among the most common symptoms. An early diagnosis is vital to lower mortality. As dengue virus infections are self-limiting, but in tropical and subtropical areas, dengue infection has become a public health concern. Hence, developing and executing long-term control policies that can reduce the global burden of DHF is a major issue for public health specialists everywhere.
A Review of Proposed Mechanisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Therapeutic
Strategies for the Disease
Authors: Mohite Rupali , Doshi Gaurav
Published: October 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial edema, inflammation, bone and cartilage loss, and joint degradation. Patients experience swelling, stiffness, pain, limited joint movement, and decreased mobility as the condition worsens. RA treatment regimens often come with various side effects, including an increased risk of developing cancer and organ failure, potentially leading to mortality. However, researchers have proposed mechanistic hy-potheses to explain the underlying causes of synovitis and joint damage in RA patients. This review article focuses on the role of synoviocytes and synoviocytes resembling fibroblasts in the RA synovium. Additionally, it explores the involvement of epigenetic regulatory systems, such as microRNA pathways, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC1-α), and protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A)/high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) regulators. These mechanisms are believed to modulate the function of receptors, cytokines, and growth factors associated with RA. The review article includes data from preclinical and clinical trials that provide insights into potential treatment options for RA.
Value of Multimodal Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Preoperative Evaluation of
Ki-67 Expression in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Meng Huan , Ding Si-Xuan , Zhang Yu , Zhu Feng-Ying , Wang Jing , Wang Jia-Ning , Gao Bu-Lang , Yin Xiao-Ping
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

To investigate the value of multimodal diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression of endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Materials and Methods:

Patients who had undergone pelvic DWI, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) sequence MRI scan before surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Single index model, double index model, and DKI were used for post-processing of the DWI data, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), real diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), non-Gaussian mean diffusion kurtosis (MK), mean diffusion coefficient (MD) and anisotropy fraction (FA) were calculated and compared between the Ki-67 high (≥50%) and low (＜50%) expression groups.

Results:

Forty-two patients with a median age of 56 (range 37 - 75) years were enrolled, including 15 patients with a high Ki-67 (≥50%) expression and 27 with a low Ki-67 (<50%) expression. The MK (0.91 ± 0.12 vs. 0.76 ± 0.12) was significantly (P<0.05) higher while MD (0.99 ± 0.17 vs. 1.16 ± 0.22), D (0.55 ± 0.06 vs. 0.62 ± 0.08), and f (0.21 vs. 0.28) were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the high than in the low expression group. The combined model of MK, MD, D, and f values had the largest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.869 (95% CI: 0.764-0.974), sensitivity 0.733 and specificity 0.852, followed by the MK value with an AUC value 0.827 (95% CI: 0.700-0.954), sensitivity 0.733 and specificity 0.815.

Conclusions:

IVIM and DKI have certain diagnostic values for preoperative evaluation of the EC Ki-67 expression, and the combined model has the highest diagnostic efficiency.
Deep Learning Mammography Classification with a Small Set of Data
Authors: Michael Epimack , Ma He , Mawagali Palme
Published: October 2023

Background:

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women. In addition, 1 in 8 women and 1 in 833 men will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022. The detection of breast cancer can not only lower treatment costs but also increase survival rates. Due to increased cancer awareness, more women are undergoing breast cancer screening, leading to more cases being diagnosed worldwide, but doctors' ability to analyze these images is limited. As a result, they get overloaded leading to misinterpretations. The advent of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) minimized man’s involvement and achieved good results. CAD helps medical doctors automatically detect and analyze abnormalities found in the breast. Such abnormalities may be benign or malignant tumors.

Objective:

The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using seven layers to classify breast cancer as either benign or malignant using mammograms.

Materials and Methods:

The open-source MIAS dataset of 322 images was used for our study, of which 207 were normal images and 115 were abnormal images. The proposed CNN model convolves an image into seven layers that extract features from the input images, and these features are used to classify breast cancer as malignant or benign.

Results:

The proposed CNN used a limited data set and achieved the best result compared to previous work. The method achieved results with a 0.39% loss, 99.89% accuracy, 99.85% precision, 99.89% recall, 99.87% F1-score, and an area under the curve noted to be 100.0%.

Conclusion:

CNN uses a small amount of data to determine abnormalities; the method will assist a medical doctor in determining whether or not a specific patient has cancer.
Amazon EC2 Instance
Authors: Dubey Parul , Kumar Tiwari Arvind , Raja Rohit
Published: October 2023

This chapter offers comprehensive coverage of EC2 (Elastic Compute
Cloud) in AWS, encompassing instance types, pricing, and other essential aspects. It
provides detailed step-by-step instructions for setting up an EC2 instance and initiating
work on the AWS platform. By following these procedures, readers gain the necessary
knowledge and practical guidance to effectively utilize EC2 and leverage other
capabilities offered by AWS. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for individuals
seeking to navigate the intricacies of EC2 and fully harness the potential of AWS
services.
Measuring Signal of Skill Mismatch from Online Job Advertisements and HR Roles: A conceptual paper
Authors: Saad Zuria Akmal , Fauri a.k.a. Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf , Solat Naliza , Salim Azmi
Published: October 2023

Skill mismatch remains an ongoing issue due to differences in qualitative interpretation and quantitative measurement. Scholars and practitioners have yet to reach a consensus on a definitive method for measurement, making it challenging to diagnose and solve the problem. This conceptual paper focuses on measuring skill mismatch signals through online job advertisements and the roles of HR in addressing this issue. It reviews relevant literature from journals, articles, and dissertations from previous studies. By enhancing online job advertisements and refining HR roles, this study aims to improve future labour market conditions.
Challenges and Opportunities among Local Entrepreneurs in Malaysian Arts and Crafts Industries following Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Md Hashim Azhari , Saruddin Muhamad Razib
Published: October 2023

The Malaysian art and craft industry contributes to people's social well-being through job opportunities and income generation. The implementation of the lockdown has jeopardized the sustainability of these industries due to canceled and postponed activities to curb the spread. Despite this situation, Malaysian entrepreneurs have maintained and increased sales by adapting marketing strategies to be flexible in difficult moments. This study aims to gain the inside of local entrepreneurs through an initial observation during a craft festival after post-COVID-19. It summarizes the strategies to overcome the situation, including the development of products, promotion, digital skills, and marketing
Expert Evaluation on the Content Validity of the Novice Teachers’ Assessment Inventory (InPGN)
Authors: Musikin Muslihaza , Mohd Matore Mohd Effendi a.k.a. Ewan , Mohamad Norazlinda
Published: October 2023

This study aims to evaluate the validity of the Novice Teachers' Assessment Inventory (InPGN) utilizing expert consensus perspectives and the Content Validity Index (CVI). A total of 97 items involved nine experts from assessment literacy, psychometrics, and language field by using purposive sampling. Validity tests found that InPGN has a CVI value of 0.98, indicating a very high level of instrument suitability. An implication of this remains expected to provide an excellent measurement tool in helping novice teachers improve their professional development in a more authentic assessment dimension.
Continued Use of Food Delivery Applications (FDAs) Post COVID-19 in Malaysia: Barriers and growth
Authors: Mohamad Masilah , Tasnim Rahayu , Ya’kob Siti Aisyah
Published: October 2023

COVID-19 has opened many prospects for the retail sector, especially the food industry. Due to the pandemic retrenchment, the online channel has played a crucial role in ensuring the business's survival. Nevertheless, companies face several issues concerning Food Delivery Applications (FDAs), primarily related to user intent and barriers to non-adoption. The study aims to analyze the factors that influence user intent to use FDAs continuously, discover the barriers that influence consumers' intention to use FDAs, and explore the potential growth of FDAs.
Enhancing Undergraduates’ Digital Competencies through a Mentorship Model
Authors: Mohd Hussain Siti Hajar , Tasnim Rahayu
Published: October 2023

Digital transformation requires organizations to seek cutting-edge technology and skilled digital workers. Digital competencies gaps among undergraduates are alarming. Closing the digital competency gap requires a mentorship approach for undergraduates in the future digital economy. This conceptual paper proposes a mentoring model to develop undergraduates' digital competencies. Qualitative interpretivism research via cross-sectional case study is suggested. Targeted participants will be purposefully sampled and interviewed to collect data. NVIVO will transcribe and thematically assess interviews. Thus, the study will explore a digital competency mentorship model to cultivate digital talent to lead a future competitive labour market in the digital economy.
Using Conversational AI to Facilitate Mental Health Assessments and Improve Clinical Efficiency Within Psychotherapy Services: Real-World Observational Study
Authors: Rollwage Max , Habicht Johanna , Juechems Keno , Carrington Ben , Viswanathan Sruthi , Stylianou Mona , Hauser Tobias U , Harper Ross
Published: October 2023

Background

Most mental health care providers face the challenge of increased demand for psychotherapy in the absence of increased funding or staffing. To overcome this supply-demand imbalance, care providers must increase the efficiency of service delivery.

Objective

In this study, we examined whether artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled digital solutions can help mental health care practitioners to use their time more efficiently, and thus reduce strain on services and improve patient outcomes.

Methods

In this study, we focused on the use of an AI solution (Limbic Access) to support initial patient referral and clinical assessment within the UK’s National Health Service. Data were collected from 9 Talking Therapies services across England, comprising 64,862 patients.

Results

We showed that the use of this AI solution improves clinical efficiency by reducing the time clinicians spend on mental health assessments. Furthermore, we found improved outcomes for patients using the AI solution in several key metrics, such as reduced wait times, reduced dropout rates, improved allocation to appropriate treatment pathways, and, most importantly, improved recovery rates. When investigating the mechanism by which the AI solution achieved these improvements, we found that the provision of clinically relevant information ahead of clinical assessment was critical for these observed effects.

Conclusions

Our results emphasize the utility of using AI solutions to support the mental health workforce, further highlighting the potential of AI solutions to increase the efficiency of care delivery and improve clinical outcomes for patients.
Predicting the Risk of Total Hip Replacement by Using A Deep Learning Algorithm on Plain Pelvic Radiographs: Diagnostic Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Chih-Chi , Wu Cheng-Ta , Chen Carl P C , Chung Chia-Ying , Chen Shann-Ching , Lee Mel S , Cheng Chi-Tung , Liao Chien-Hung
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Total hip replacement (THR) is considered the gold standard of treatment for refractory degenerative hip disorders. Identifying patients who should receive THR in the short term is important. Some conservative treatments, such as intra-articular injection administered a few months before THR, may result in higher odds of arthroplasty infection. Delayed THR after functional deterioration may result in poorer outcomes and longer waiting times for those who have been flagged as needing THR. Deep learning (DL) in medical imaging applications has recently obtained significant breakthroughs. However, the use of DL in practical wayfinding, such as short-term THR prediction, is still lacking.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we will propose a DL-based assistant system for patients with pelvic radiographs to identify the need for THR within 3 months.

METHODS

We developed a convolutional neural network–based DL algorithm to analyze pelvic radiographs, predict the hip region of interest (ROI), and determine whether or not THR is required. The data set was collected from August 2008 to December 2017. The images included 3013 surgical hip ROIs that had undergone THR and 1630 nonsurgical hip ROIs. The images were split, using split-sample validation, into training (n=3903, 80%), validation (n=476, 10%), and testing (n=475, 10%) sets to evaluate the algorithm performance.

RESULTS

The algorithm, called SurgHipNet, yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.994 (95% CI 0.990-0.998). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score of the model were 0.977, 0.920, 0932, and 0.944, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed approach has demonstrated that SurgHipNet shows the ability and potential to provide efficient support in clinical decision-making; it can assist physicians in promptly determining the optimal timing for THR.
Connect Brain, a Mobile App for Studying Depth Perception in Angiography Visualization: Gamification Study (Preprint)
Authors: Titov Andrey , Drouin Simon , Kersten-Oertel Marta
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

One of the bottlenecks of visualization research is the lack of volunteers for studies that evaluate new methods and paradigms. The increased availability of web-based marketplaces, combined with the possibility of implementing volume rendering, a computationally expensive method, on mobile devices, has opened the door for using gamification in the context of medical image visualization studies.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to describe a gamified study that we conducted with the goal of comparing several cerebrovascular visualization techniques and to evaluate whether gamification is a valid paradigm for conducting user studies in the domain of medical imaging.

METHODS

The study was implemented in the form of a mobile game, Connect Brain, which was developed and distributed on both Android (Google LLC) and iOS (Apple Inc) platforms. Connect Brain features 2 minigames: one asks the player to make decisions about the depth of different vessels, and the other asks the player to determine whether 2 vessels are connected.

RESULTS

The gamification paradigm, which allowed us to collect many data samples (5267 and 1810 for the depth comparison and vessel connectivity tasks, respectively) from many participants (N=111), yielded similar results regarding the effectiveness of visualization techniques to those of smaller in-laboratory studies.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of our study suggest that the gamification paradigm not only is a viable alternative to traditional in-laboratory user studies but could also present some advantages.
Determinants and strategies of (un)successful implementation of assistive technologies in dementia care: an explorative survey in Europe (Preprint)
Authors: Van der Roest Henriette Geralde , Christie Hannah Liane , Franco-Martin Manuel Angel , Dröes Rose-Marie , de Vugt Marjolein Elizabeth , Meiland Francina (Franka) Jacoba
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Despite positive results of use of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia, the uptake of AT lags behind. It is considered important to assess determinants of (un)successful implementation of AT.

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to explore factors that influence implementation of AT for community-dwelling people with dementia, with the aim to get a better understanding of potentially effective implementation strategies.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on factors influencing either successfully implemented or unsuccessfully implemented AT’s among 21 researchers in this field from eight European countries, describing AT they were involved in. The survey consisted of closed and open questions.

RESULTS

Determinants of Implementation were described for 21 ATs, of which 12 were successfully and nine were unsuccessfully implemented. Various types of ATs were included, for example online platforms, sensors or physical aids. Main determinants of implementation success were related to the AT itself, contextual factors, research activities and implementation strategies. There was a lack of research data on some ethical issues and cost-effectiveness research.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided insight in some main barriers and facilitators in implementation of AT in dementia, related to the AT itself, context, research-related activities and applied implementation strategies. Lessons were formulated for various stakeholders to improve implementation effectiveness of AT in dementia.
Effectiveness of metabolic therapy in patients with myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bielinskyi M.V. , Seredyuk N.M. , Fedorov S.V. , Herashchenko A.S. , Volynskyi D.A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Patients diagnosed with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus present a complex clinical scenario with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Despite advancements in the standard treatment approaches for an ST-elevation myocardial infarction, the mortality and morbidity rates among individuals with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus remain considerable. This study aims to compare the effects of adenosine and quercetin, both alone and in combination, with standard treatment on the outcomes in patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. This study employed a prospective, randomized controlled design to compare the effects of adenosine, quercetin, and standard treatment in patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 97 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (adenosine and quercetin), group 2 (quercetin), group 3 (standard treatment only). The patients were followed up for 3 weeks. Results. The combined treatment with adenosine and quercetin, along with standard treatment, demonstrated a more pronounced effect on improving cardiac function compared to quercetin and standard treatment alone. Specifically, the combined treatment group exhibited a significant reduction in ST elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention, indicating a more complete resolution of myocardial ischemia. Moreover, the combined treatment group showed improvements in echocardiographic parameters, such as left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain, indicating enhanced cardiac function. Additionally, the combined treatment appeared to have a positive impact on quality of life, as assessed by validated questionnaires. Notably, a slight decrease in body mass index was observed in the combined treatment group, suggesting a potential benefit in weight management. Conclusions. The results of our study support the notion that the combination of adenosine, quercetin, and standard treatment may offer superior outcomes compared to individual therapies or standard treatment alone. This combined approach demonstrated a more substantial resolution of ST elevation, enhanced cardiac function, and improved quality of life. Furthermore, there was a suggestive indication of potential weight management benefits, as evidenced by a slight decrease in body mass index in the group receiving the combined treatment.
In Vitro Evaluation on Resistance of Phytopythium vexans (NG Isolate) Cultured from Sublethal Concentration against Several Fungicides
Authors: Santika Islaminati Anna , Wibowo Arif , Suryanti Suryanti , Sumardiyono Christanti , Widiastuti Ani
Published: October 2023

Phytopythium vexans isolated from potatoes rhizospher in Ngablak, Magelang, Central Java was reported having a potency to cause potato tuber rot in in vitro test. Some fungicides had been intensively applied in this area to control potato late blight even using sublethal dose. This study investigated resistance response of the pathogen against several fungicides which were Mancozeb, Dimethomorph, mixture of Mancozeb and Mefenoxam, and mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. The experiment was conducted to observe the sensitivity response of pathogen against those fungicide and the experiment repeated with one of the isolates which growth in sublethal concentration to observe the resistance response. Both experiment data was analyzed by Probit Analysis. On sentivity test, data showed that P. vexans were insensitive against Dimethomorph, but it was sensitive against Mancozeb, mixture of Mancozeb and Mefenoxam, as well as mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. On Mancozeb treatment, mycelia were inhibited 100% at the sugested concentration. However, at the sublethal concentration the mycelial collony grew abnormally. Pathogen isolate from the sublethal concentration were used as material for the resistance response study. The effect of the sublethal application of Mancozeb to P. vexans caused resistance to Mancozeb itself and cross resistance against Dimetomorph and mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. It was proven by higher value of predicted EC50 and EC95 on the second experiment compared to the predicted EC50 and EC95 from the first one. The resistant P. vexans isolate was able to produce sporangium and chlamydospore.
Карта аналитики – 2022: миниатюрные приборы, COVID 19, микропластик, глубокая эвтектика
Authors: Мильман Б.Л. , Журкович И.К.
Published: October 2023

Эта публикация – шестая в серии статей, содержащих результаты регулярного мониторинга развития аналитической химии. Передовые области (фронты) исследований традиционно соотносятся с группами высокоцитируемых профильных публикаций, часто цитируемых (социтируемых) совместно. В 2022 году, как и в предыдущие годы, продолжались интенсивные исследования, связанные с медикализацией и миниатюризацией химического анализа (сенсорные и микрофлюидные устройства). Многие работы направлены на обнаружение патогенов, в том числе вируса COVID 19. К экологически значимым направлениям работ принадлежат определение микропластика и экстракция глубокими эвтектическими растворителями. Применение спектрометрии ионной подвижности дополняет широкое распространение хромато-масс-спектрометрии.