bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remedios y saberes médicos de las mujeres en la Italia renacentista y su reflejo en la obra de Moderata Fonte
Authors: García-Valdés Pablo
Published: November 2024

A la luz de las últimas investigaciones en el campo de la historia de la medicina, resulta incontestable que las mujeres han desempeñado un papel esencial en la experimentación, aplicación y transmisión de los saberes médicos tradicionales. Se ha constatado que durante el Renacimiento han emergido evidencias de su desempeño, no solo como meras personas encargadas de los cuidados y de las curas, sino que eran transmisoras de todas las propiedades médicas de las hierbas y de remedios que han elaborado en el espacio privado de su hogar. Esta difusión privada en red se fomenta en el Renacimiento tanto con el auge de la imprenta, así como con la difusión de los postulados de la Querella de las mujeres. Prueba de ello será la publicación en 1600 del tratado Il merito delle donne, en el que Moderata Fonte no solo muestra todo ese conocimiento médico popular, sino que lanza un llamamiento a todas las mujeres para fomentar una medicina que centrada en ellas mismas.
The Origins of Formal Educational and Gender Inequality in Zambia, 1924-1990
Authors: Chiseni Michael , Bolt Jutta
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the origins of formal education in colonial Zambia and its long-term consequences for educational attainment and gender inequality. Combining novel panel data on the location of missionary stations and mission school enrolment by gender and missionary society from 1924 to 1953 with contemporary data from the 1990 Zambian census, we analyze the long-term effects of missionary education. Our results are threefold. First, we document that despite substantial schooling expansion after the mid-1930s, overall enrolment remained low and uneven between the sexes at the end of the colonial period. Although Protestant missions provided more equal gender access than Catholic schools, this was insufficient to close the overall gender inequality in education by the end of the colonial period. Second, we find that historical missionary presence is associated with higher educational attainment post-independence. We document that the impact of early mission density on educational outcomes was smaller for early cohorts compared to the more substantial effects of later mission density on later cohorts, with no significant difference between Protestant and Catholic mission activity. Third, we find that the difference in years of education between males and females has narrowed post-independence, most prominently in areas with historically more mission activity.
Spatial inequality in living standards and the urban premium in late colonial French West Africa
Authors: Westland Tom
Published: November 2024

Were colonial capitals islands of relative prosperity in West Africa, or did incomes in smaller cities keep up with income levels in major cities like Dakar? Though recent work has shown that by the 1950s real wages for unskilled workers in the major cities of West Africa were relatively high by developing world standards, less is known about income levels in the smaller urban settlements of the region. Using nominal wages and retail prices, this paper estimates welfare ratios in 49 urban centres in French colonial Dahomey, Niger, Soudan français, Haute-Volta and Guinée française for the dry season of 1948. It shows that there was considerable variation in nominal wages, real wages, and the price level across the territory of French West Africa. Coastal towns generally had higher real wages than the hinterland, though coastal Guinea was relatively poor. Real incomes tended to be higher in areas connected to a colonial railway and in areas with higher land productivity. There was an appreciable urban premium, with higher real wages in towns with larger populations.
High-Q sensor based on hybridized spoof localized surface plasmons
Authors: Wang Jun , Yan Shi-Zhuang , Kong Xianglin , Xu Ruofeng , Zhao Lei
Published: November 2024

A high-Q sensor based on hybridized spoof localized surface plasmon (LSP) has proved to be advantageous in detection and sensing. The sensor is composed of three concentric inner, middle, and outer LSP structures with corrugated rings coupled with each other. Through multiple hybridizations of spoof LSP, the maximum simulated Q-factor of the sensor is up to 414, and the sensitivity is up to 1.47 GHz·RIU-1. To validate the proposed sensor design concept, a prototype of the sensor with three layers is fabricated and measured, the measured results are in agreement with the simulated ones.
Near-to-far-field transformation scheme utilizing a modified sinc interpolation method for PSTD simulations
Authors: Liu Jake W. , Tseng Snow H.
Published: November 2024

We present a near-to-far-field (NTFF) transformation scheme tailored for pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) simulations. Surface currents on the NTFF boundary are computed using a modified sinc interpolation method, eliminating the need for local averaging required infinite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Numerical results for dielectric sphere scattering, compared with Mie solutions, demonstrate that the proposed PSTD scheme achieves root-mean-square errors an order of magnitude lower than FDTD for the far-field patterns. The sinc interpolation method exhibits exceptional accuracy, even when applied to coarse grids.
Emociones y poética cognitiva: un pasaje a la India de ida y vuelta
Authors: Rubio Orecilla Francisco Javier
Published: November 2024

En el siglo xx, la literatura comparada y la poética cognitiva tomaron contacto con la teoría literaria de la India clásica, basada en una clasificación sistemática de los estados de ánimo que se manifiestan como experiencia estética de una emoción (rasa) en el espectador u oyente, actualizados mediante la capacidad de sugerencia (dhvani) del texto. El presente trabajo propone un análisis crítico de algunos acercamientos recientes a la antigua poética sánscrita, tomando en consideración su desarrollo histórico, ya que ofrece distintos modelos para el análisis de las emociones provocadas por una obra literaria y de su relación con el texto y con su disfrute estético similares a algunos postulados de la poética cognitiva. El diálogo intercultural será fructífero si se desarrolla una praxis integradora de la crítica literaria solo desde el conocimiento contextualizado de las respectivas tradiciones culturales.
Memoria suprimida: literatura bajo represión política
Authors: Vollmeyer Johanna
Published: November 2024

Las políticas culturales restrictivas son muy frecuentes en sistemas dictatoriales como la España franquista o la República Democrática Alemana. Las medidas de restricción y de supresión se manifestaban principalmente en actos de censura o en la persecución de productores culturales, a veces con consecuencias devastadores, como penas de cárcel, trabajo forzoso o incluso sentencias de muerte. Las obras de autores ‘renitentes’ fueron mutiladas, suprimidas y erradicadas del paisaje cultural de ambos países, lo que desembarcó en una deformación de su patrimonio cultural que forma una pieza integral de su memoria y de la identidad del presente.
Sin embargo, la custodia de documentación de estas épocas, sea a través de archivos existentes o de nueva creación, puede ofrecer una oportunidad relevante para rescatar del olvido al menos parte de este patrimonio y crear así una memoria de almacenamiento que tiene el potencial de entrar en circulación de nuevo. De esta forma se pueden completar o corregir discursos sesgados sobre el pasado y la historia literaria de ambas sociedades.
Spatial study of dengue and its association with livestock farming in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
Authors: Windyaraini Dila Hening , Nurcahyo Raden Wisnu , Umniyati Sitti Rahmah , Widayani Prima , Hadisusanto Suwarno
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Dengue fever is a recurring arboviral disease. The presence of livestock and domestic animals potentially increases the risk of dengue fever in an area due to the shared habitats of vectors and humans. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the vulnerability map of dengue disease and identify the influence of livestock and domestic animals on the number of cases in Bantul Regency.

Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted in 3 Kapanewon (subdistricts) in the Bantul regency, known as the dengue-endemic area. The locations of 302 cases were recorded using the Global Positioning System. Dengue case density was analyzed using Kernel Density Estimation, and vulnerability was assessed using an overlay in ArcGIS Desktop 10.8. Furthermore, buffer analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between case density and the presence of livestock and pet pens.

Results: Banguntapan, Kasihan, and Sewon subdistricts had high vulnerability areas of 424.12 Ha (14.97%), 334.76 Ha (10.46%), and 196.12 Ha (7.05%), respectively. The villages with dengue hotspots were Banguntapan and Potorono (Banguntapan Subdistrict) and Tirtonirmolo (Kasihan Subdistrict). The highest number of patients (180 cases) occurred at a buffer distance of <100 m from houses to livestock pens, closely related to the flight distance of Aedes spp. mosquitoes, the dengue vector.

Conclusion: The three subdistricts were predominantly characterized by low dengue vulnerability. However, livestock and domestic animal pens are significant risk factors. This information is crucial for effectively controlling and managing dengue disease in Bantul Regency.

Keywords: dengue, domestic animals, livestock, vulnerability.
Castillo Ramírez, G. y Trujillo Macario, M. G. (2024). Procesos migratorios y dinámicas de exclusión en la frontera México-Estados Unidos en contextos de pandemia (2020-2022)
Authors: González Mendoza Nestor
Published: November 2024

Castillo Ramírez, G. y Trujillo Macario, M. G. (2024). Procesos migratorios y dinámicas de exclusión en la frontera México-Estados Unidos en contextos de pandemia (2020-2022). Colección Geografía para el siglo XXI. Libros de investigación 39. México: Instituto de Geografía, UNAM, 129 pp. ISBN: 978-607-30-8606-6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14350/gsxxi.li.39
Thriving against the odds: Unveiling the role of melatonin in Okra germination and seedling traits under PEG-induced osmotic stress
Authors: Aswathi Gopal , Ravichandran V. , Vijayalakshmi D. , Arul L. , Radhamani S. , Jagadeeswaran R.
Published: November 2024

Altered environmental conditions subject plants to abiotic stresses like salinity, drought, temperature fluctuations (heat and cold) and exposure to heavy metals. Frequent stresses prompt the plant defense system to consistently adapt. Biostimulants assist plants in refining their defense strategies, allowing more effective responses to the changing environment and challenges. Melatonin, a neurohormone and antioxidant in mammals, has extended its presence to the plant domain due to its pervasive nature as a signaling molecule. Melatonin acts as a bio-stimulatory molecule in confronting stress in plants by regulating its growth and development. The present study attempts to comprehend the role of melatonin in combating drought stress. Okra genotypes namely, CO 4, Arka Anamika, Arka Abhay and Arka Nikita were subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress (15 % PEG) in Petri plates supplemented with different doses of melatonin (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 µM). The seedling response varied with respect to genotypes in a dose-dependent manner. Among the genotypes, Arka Anamika performed better followed by Arka Nikita in terms of seedlings traits recorded. Higher concentrations of melatonin exhibited an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth parameters. However, priming okra seeds with 100 µM of melatonin showed promising results in mitigating the adverse effect of osmotic stress by promoting seed germination and seedling characteristics.
An ethnopharmacological study and the therapeutic reference values of phytomedicines used for relieving minor CNS disorders
Authors: Al-Halaseh Lidia K , Al-Samydai Ali , Al-Thunaibat Bayan , AlAdwan Safwan
Published: November 2024

The current study aims to evaluate the practice of prescribing and dispensing herbal medicines by patients and herbalists for treating minor CNS disorders. Two groups of participants were recruited: adults who admitted using herbal medications and herbalists. A questionnaire with multiple compartments was distributed using social media. The sample size was 384, which was compatible with the non-probability convenience sampling strategy. The reference therapeutic, used and combined values were computed. The majority of the respondents were females (69 %) in their second and third decades (36.2 and 34.9 respectively), acquired at least a college degree (~72.9 %). They admitted having a good knowledge of alternative therapy and considered them safe (76.8 % and 58.6 % respectively). Around 55 % of the respondents have trust issues with health service providers and prefer to seek the help of expert herbalists. The computed therapeutic values disclosed significant differences between the analyzed herbs. The highest parameter was for the anise (0.4133 ± 0.11719), reflecting that it has the highest concentration. Peppermint occupied the second order (0.19 ± 0.036060). Tea placed third (0.1333 ± 0.07572), followed by chamomile (0.1033 ± 0.10017), Ginger (0.0333 ± 0.03055) and lemon balm (0.05 ± 0.05568). Rosemary and Marjoram showed comparatively lower means. The herbalists were in complete agreement on the use of anise and chamomile for anxiety, lemon balm and anise for insomnia, hibiscus for tachycardia, caraway for COVID-related stress and cinnamon for premenstrual syndrome. Despite the approved efficiency and safety of some herbal remedies, it is mandatory to strengthen trust in healthcare.
First report of Caloboletus guanyui (Boletaceae) in India: Taxonomic and phylogenetic insights from Mizoram
Authors: Thachunglura V L , Rai P K , Zothanzama J , Bochung L , Chawngthu Z
Published: November 2024

The family Boletaceae primarily consists of ectomycorrhizal fungi, which are essential for maintaining the health of forest ecosystems. These fungi form symbiotic relationships with trees, facilitating nutrient exchange and en?hancing plant growth. In the present study, specimens of Caloboletus guan?yui were collected from the Mizoram University campus during the rainy season of 2023. Identification was based on both morphological characteris?tics and molecular analysis of the ITS region of rDNA, with phylogenetic analysis further confirming the distinctiveness of Caloboletus guanyui from closely related species within the genus Caloboletus Vizzini. This medium?sized to large bolete is characterized by its dirty-white to pale-brown pileus and the basidiospores are elliptic-fusiform (spindle-shaped) to subfusiform 9.5–11.5 × 3.5–4.5 ?m. This study represents the first recorded occurrence of Caloboletus guanyui in the tropical moist deciduous forests of Mizoram, India, thereby expanding the known distribution of this species. These new findings enhance our understanding of bolete diversity in India, particularly within the unique forest ecosystems of Mizoram.
Comprehensive insights into the risks of climatic factors on rice production and its value chain- A Review
Authors: Nagaraj Rajarajan Anand , Geethalakshmi Vellingiri , Manonmani Swaminathan , Ravikumar Rajagounder , Murugananthi Dhandapani , Bhuvaneswari Kulanthaivel , Senthilraja Kandasamy , Kumar Shanmugam Mohan , Kumar Manikkam Selva
Published: November 2024

Climate change is the most serious problem of the last two centuries. It is being observed as a silent threat to global food production, leading to food insecurity for the burgeoning population. Rice is an important food crop and has also been identified as sensitive and highly vulnerable to climate change. Global rice production is affected by climate change and will soon be seen as a food security threat. Climatic factors like temperature, rainfall, wind speed, relative humidity, and solar radiation significantly impact physiological, biochemical and morphological traits, eventually resulting in a decline in yield. The whole process is discussed in this review. Several previous studies focused more on the impact of climate change on the productivity and production of crops without paying any or less attention to the vulnerability of value chain actors to climate risks and climate-related losses in the value chain. The climate risk management by value chain approach establishes connections between input suppliers, farmers, processors, retailers and consumers, identifying risks and formulating adaptation and mitigation strategies at every stage across the value chain. The identified appropriate strategy from the review, including climate-resilient rice varieties, conservation agricultural practices, climate-smart cultivation and water management techniques, could reduce the impact of climate change and enhance food security.
Sploty retrogardy. Gniazdko dudków Ashbery’ego i Schuylera w polskim tłumaczeniu
Authors: Orska Joanna
Published: November 2024

Szkic dotyczy przekładu Gniazdka dudków (1969) Johna Ashbery’ego i Jamesa Schuylera na język polski autorstwa Tadeusza Pióry i Andrzeja Sosnowskiego. Punktem odniesienia jest teza Marjorie Perloff o „nieoryginalności geniuszu” w sztuce neoawangardowej. Autorka szkicu odnosi się do kategorii transkreacji, sztuki translacji, już u źródeł amerykańskiego modernizmu w poezji stanowiącej zaprzeczenie historycznych kategorii oryginalności i innowacyjności, wiązanych zwykle z pojęciem awangardy.
Blogi osobiste Tomasza Pułki – koncepty i bruliony
Authors: Chorzewska-Rubik Paulina
Published: November 2024

Artykuł zawiera analizę dwóch niebadanych poprzednio blogów poety, prozaika i twórcy cyfrowego Tomasza Pułki. Autorka, postrzegając blog jako gatunek autobiograficzny, pyta o to, jak blogowa publikacja rozszczelnia stabilność gatunkową wpisów zawierających teksty literackie. Twórczość Pułki jest odczytywana z wykorzystaniem metod filologii cyfrowej oraz krytyki genetycznej. Omawiane są dwa modele blogowania, które w latach 2008–2009 uprawiał Pułka – brulionowy oraz zbudowany na intermedialnym koncepcie. Rozpoznania te prowadzą do zarysowania historii procesu twórczego Pułki oraz uwypuklenia powiązań między poetyką blogową, uwarunkowaną przez działanie platformy Blogger, a poetyką znanych w obiegu krytycznoliterackim tekstów poetyckich.
Valoración de los parámetros de investigación de los analizadores hematológicos de la serie XN (Sysmex®) como marcadores de displasia en sangre perifèrica
Authors: Aguadero Vicente , López-Molina María , Ruíz Míriam , Regidor Diana , Celma Gemma
Published: November 2024

Objectivos

Los síndromes mielodisplásicos (SMD) son trastornos clonales hematopoyéticos caracterizados por citopenias en sangre periférica, displasia celular y riesgo de progresión a leucemia aguda. Estudios recientes reportan que algunos parámetros de investigación de los analizadores Sysmex XN-1000®, tales como fracción de plaquetas inmaduras (IPF), Índice de granulación de neutròfilos (Neu-GI), o ancho de distribución plaquetar (PDW), muestran relación con el hallazgo de displasia en sangre periférica. El objetivo es evaluar el grado de asociación de parámetros hematimétricos clásicos y de investigación con la presencia de displasia, y obtener un modelo multivariante que permita su predicción con elevada probabilidad.

Métodos

Se estudiaron 75 pacientes mayores de 60 años con anemia, leucopenia o trombopenia, sin déficit de factores madurativos ni enfermedades hematológicas, utilizando el analizador XN-1000 (Sysmex).

Resultados

Se observó displasia en el 32 % de los pacientes. Neu-GI, PDW e IPF muestran diferencias significativas entre pacientes con y sin displasia. Neu-GI reporta la mayor capacidad predictiva (AUC=0,98), sin que la adición de PDW o IPF la incremente de forma significativa. Un valor de Neu-GI≤146ch predice displasia con VPP=90 %.

Conclusiones

Neu-GI es el parámetro más asociado con displasia. Un valor Neu-GI ≤146ch indica alta probabilidad de displasia y justifica la revisión del frotis sanguíneo, mientras que valores >152ch sugieren baja probabilidad de displasia.
Exploring unobserved heterogeneity of speech fluency and its dynamic interactions with emotions
Authors: Yu Hanjing , Peng Hongying
Published: November 2024

The present study utilized a parallel-process growth mixture modeling technique to investigate the heterogeneity in the development of speech fluency at the (sub)group level, and to explore the interrelationships between speech fluency and different types of emotions among 126 Chinese EFL learners for four months. The study identified salient patterns emergent out of the developmental process of speech fluency, with two developmental patterns for speech rate and two for mean length of run respectively. Interaction dynamics between speech fluency and different emotions were also revealed, with anxiety and enjoyment both negatively affecting the development of L2 speech fluency over time. This study shows that parallel-process growth mixture modeling is an efficient method for identifying the heterogeneity of language development within a larger population and for exploring dynamic relations over time.
Torilis arvensis ethanolic extract: Phytochemical analysis, antifungal efficacy, and cytotoxicity properties
Authors: Khalil Abdallah , Abdelwahab Eman A. , Sharaf Omaima A. , Al-Askar Abdulaziz A. , Kowalczewski Przemysław , Abdelkhalek Ahmed , Behiry Said
Published: November 2024

The aim of the current study is to assess the phytochemical contents, antifungal activity, and cytotoxicity characteristics of an ethanolic extract derived from the entire Torilis arvensis plant. High-performance liquid chromatography examination of the extract revealed that the primary phenolic components were benzoic, o-coumaric, and vanillic acids with concentrations of 259.1, 220.4, and 111.3 µg/g of extract, respectively. The highest flavonoids were catechol (117.9 µg/g) and kaempferol (108.7 µg/g). The extract is notable for its high concentration of long-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as its presence of 17 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry bioactive chemicals. Three soil-borne pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum, were molecularly identified and assessed for the antifungal activity of the extract. The extract showed the highest growth inhibition against R. solani, F. oxysporum, and F. solani at 300 µg/mL, with inhibition rates of 88.9, 71.5, and 67.8%, respectively. T. arvensis treatments were generally non-toxic after proceeding with cytotoxicity assay on the onion root tip cells, with no chromosomal abnormalities detected even at the highest concentration (300 µg/mL). These findings highlight the potential of T. arvensis extract as a safe and effective antifungal agent with a rich phytochemical profile.
Teachers’ perceptions and design of small-scale chemistry driven STEM learning activities
Authors: Tantayanon Supawan , Faikhamta Chatree , Prasoplarb Tharuesean , Panyanukit Pongsatorn
Published: November 2024

This qualitative study investigates how teachers perceive and design Small-Scale Chemistry driven STEM Learning Activities (SSC-STEM) in their teaching practice. While small-scale chemistry experiments offer numerous advantages for chemistry education, there is limited research on their integration into STEM education frameworks. This study examined teachers’ understanding, perceptions, and lesson design practices when implementing SSC-STEM activities. Fifty teachers from Thailand, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines participated in SSC-STEM training. Data were collected through questionnaires that explored teachers’ perceptions and analyzed their STEM lesson designs. The findings reveal that teachers demonstrate positive perceptions of SSC-STEM, particularly regarding its potential to foster STEM literacy and environmental consciousness. The analysis of lesson designs showed the successful integration of small-scale chemistry experiments with real-world environmental challenges, although teachers faced challenges in certain implementation aspects. High scores in teamwork (4.63) and self-directed learning (4.73) contrasted with lower scores in teaching performance (2.88) and teaching strategies (2.94), indicating areas needing professional development support. This study contributes to the understanding of how small-scale chemistry can be effectively integrated into STEM education while promoting sustainable development practices. These findings provide insights for teacher preparation programs and curriculum development for implementing integrated STEM approaches using small-scale chemistry experiments.
Behind the scenes of theatrical meaning: a social semiotic approach to inter- and intramodal interactions in performance
Authors: Ghazvineh Arash , Fahimifar Asghar
Published: November 2024

This article adopts a Social Semiotic perspective to meaning-making in theater, contending that such an approach is essential for comprehensively addressing the intricate interrelations among the diverse sign systems inherent to the theatrical domain. While existing scholarly literature acknowledges the complex nature of meaning construction in theater and underscores the importance of analyzing the interplay between various sign systems, there exists a notable paucity of in-depth explanations regarding the systematic modeling and further exploration of these interrelationships. Recognizing this gap, the present study endeavors to bridge this gap by demonstrating the efficacy of incorporating a Social Semiotic framework into the current discourse on theater semiotics. Through a comparative analysis of English and Persian renditions of Robert Bolt’s play A Man for All Seasons, this research illustrates the applicability of such a perspective in enhancing the understanding of meaning-making in theater as a rich multimodal text. The findings demonstrate that a Social Semiotic framework not only acknowledges the pivotal role of inter- and intramodal interactions in theatrical meaning-making but also offers a comprehensive toolkit for interrogating such interactions more effectively.
The Religion of Illiberals and the Anti-Gender Backlash
Authors: Palazzo Nausica
Published: November 2024

In illiberal contexts, religion can be mobilized to support conservative legal reforms in the areas of gender, sexuality, and reproduction. However, the role of religion in illiberal agendas that roll back the rights of women and LGBTQ populations is unclear and the subject of scholarly debate. This article seeks to add a greater level of granularity to these discussions. It takes the role of “Christianity” in illiberal contexts in Europe as a case study and triangulates three theoretical perspectives. A first perspective stresses the contribution of Christianity to anti-gender backlash (doctrinal, institutional, and material); a second one highlights the distinct contribution of illiberal politicians; a third one tackles the problem by collapsing binary oppositions under a queer theory framework (such as that between gender and religion, and illiberal politicians and their followers). Ultimately, adding granularity to these discussions can help make sense of the current moment.
To Die and to Kill for a Multicultural State
Authors: Mautner Menachem
Published: November 2024

Israel’s conduct in the Occupied Territories in recent decades has been profoundly affected by three theologies: the messianic-kabalistic theology of Rabbi Abraham Yitzhak Ha-Cohen Kook and his son Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Ha-Cohen Kook; the messianic-Hasidic-kabalistic-racist theology of Rabbi Yitzhak Ginsburg; the violent, racist theology of Rabbi Meir Kahane. In the spirit of the three theologies, Israeli politics of the past four and a half decades has set the continuous possession of Judea and Samaria, and the deepening and expansion of the settlement project therein, as the supreme goal of Zionism, Jewish nationalism. Moreover, the three theologies dictated much of the settlement policies of the government. Additionally, the three theologies have dictated much of the daily practices to which the Palestinian residents of the Territories have been subjected. All of this means that soldiers who are required to serve in the Occupied Territories, to die in them, and to kill Palestinians in the course of their military service therein, have been subjected to a politics motivated, to a substantial extent, by a religious culture premised on religious theologies. If such soldiers wish to refuse to abide by the orders given them to serve in the Occupied Territories, they can resort to the two traditional doctrines recgnized by liberal jurisprudence: the doctrine of civil disobedience and the doctrine of conscientous objection (Often there is an overlapp between the two defences). I argue that in addition to these two traditional doctrines, secular soldiers who are asked to serve in the Occupied Territories may resort to a doctrine I call “culture-based refusal.”
Oxidative stress regulates glycogen synthase kinase-3 in lymphocytes of diabetes mellitus patients complicated with cerebral infarction
Authors: Wang Man , Qu Ying , Wang Shujin , Qu Zhongsen
Published: November 2024

Objective

To explore the role of oxidative stress on glycogen synthase kinase-3 in lymphocytes of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients complicated with cerebral infarction (CI).

Materials and methods

A total of 186 DM patients were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, including 89 DM patients alone (DM group) and 97 DM patients with CI (DM + CI) group. Eighty-one patients with CI were selected as the CI group, and 80 normal subjects over 50 years were selected as the control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum were determined by colorimetric assays. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

(1) Compared with the control group, the SOD and GSH-Px activities in the DM group and DM + CI group were decreased, accompanied by higher MDA content. Furthermore, phosphorylation of GSK-3β was decreased. (2) In the DM + CI group, SOD activity was decreased on days 7 and 10 and month 3 compared to the CI group and was decreased on day 7 compared to the DM group. MDA content was increased from day 0 to month 3 compared to the CI group. On days 1, 7, and 10, GSH-Px activity was lower than the DM group, and on day 10 and month 3, it was lower than the CI group. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β was decreased on days 7 and 10 compared to the DM group and was decreased from day 1 to month 3 compared to the CI group.

Conclusion

In the present study, we demonstrated that the oxidative stress in peripheral lymphocytes of DM patients complicated with CI was stronger, and the GSK-3 activity was higher. It suggested that oxidative stress might enhance the GSK-3 activity, which might provide a diagnostic and therapeutic approach for DM complicated with CI, and targeting GSK-3 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
The role of perioperative treatment in radiation-associated soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Zasadziński Konrad , Spałek Mateusz Jacek
Published: November 2024

Radiation-associated soft tissue sarcomas (RA-STS) is a rare malignancy that may be associated with prior irradiation. RA-STS cases exhibit distinct biological traits, including higher genomic instability and immune cell infiltration, compared to de novo sarcomas, Treatment is complex, with worse outcomes than primary sarcomas due to challenges in obtaining clear surgical margins. However, the role of perioperative treatment remains controversial and unclear. The aim of this article was to briefly review the available evidence that may serve as a guideline for the selection of patients for perioperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The clinical data reviewed in this article show that perioperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be performed in selected patients without excessive risk of normal tissue toxicity and good functional outcomes in patients with RA-STS. This review highlights the need for further research into advanced radiotherapy, such as proton therapy, and the potential role of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in improving RA-STS outcomes.
The Law – An Impossible Discipline
Authors: Engel Christoph
Published: November 2024

The European Association of Law and Economics at some intervals grants a Lifetime Achievement Award and Honorary Membership to a scholar “for his or her significant contributions to the field of Law and Economics, in particular to the development of this scientific movement in Europe.” This paper is the award lecture delivered by Christoph Engel at the Annual Meeting of the European Association of Law and Economics, held in Torino on September, 12, 2024.
Old Seals in New Contexts at Kassite Basmaya: Sealing Devices, Collectibles, and Heirlooms
Authors: Almamori Haider Oraibi , Abod Taha , Swadi Karim , Lassen Agnete Wisti
Published: November 2024

The seals and seal impressions from the site of Basmaya, a provincial Kassite town close to the Tigris-Diyala river junction, comprise five cylinder seals, a possible ring-seal, a sealed clay lump, and a cuneiform document impressed with a fingernail. All seals were found in domestic contexts, recovered from the floors and fill in the rooms of two large houses. Only two of the seals are contemporary with the context in which they were found. The three others, a Mitanni seal and two Old Babylonian seals, predate the Kassite period. Through a contextual analysis, this paper will propose that the Basmaya seals were conceptualized and used in different ways at the site, including as sealing devices—as expected—but also as collectibles and/or ornaments.
CENTRALIDADE E DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO COMÉRCIO VAREJISTA EM PORTO ALEGRE, RS.
Authors: Souza Juliana Lombard , Maraschin Clarice
Published: November 2024

Este artigo enfoca a relação entre a centralidade espacial e a localização das atividades varejistas, tema ainda pouco explorado no contexto brasileiro. A centralidade desempenha um papel importante na localização das atividades econômicas e é um conceito básico da ciência das redes e da teoria dos grafos. O trabalho adota uma metodologia baseada em estudos similares (PORTA et al., 2009; YOSHIMURA et al., 2020) que aplicam a densidade Kernel para estimar um valor da densidade de centralidade configuracional e correlacionar com os valores de densidade das atividades varejistas. Este trabalho avança ao incluir também uma análise da regressão geograficamente ponderada (GWR). Adotam-se as medidas de acessibilidade e centralidade Freeman-Krafta como indicadores da centralidade da rede urbana, em diferentes escalas espaciais. O estudo empírico é a cidade de Porto Alegre e os dados de estabelecimentos varejistas são provenientes da RAIS (2010), classificados em quatro categorias de porte. Os resultados das densidades mostram correlações fracas entre os comércios agregados (todos os portes) com acessibilidade e centralidade, ambas na escala local. Quando a variedade da distribuição espacial dos resultados é considerada (GWR), a medida de centralidade FK global apresenta correlações moderadas com o comércio de grande porte. O trabalho evidencia a importância de considerar a heterogeneidade espacial dos dados no estudo das correlações a fim de melhor compreender a complexidade dos padrões locacionais varejistas.Palavras-chave: comércio varejista, modelos configuracionais, análise espacial, KDE, GWR.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS INVESTIMENTOS PÚBLICOS NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO DA ILHA DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Romanini Anicoli , Rossetto Adriana Marques
Published: November 2024

O artigo aborda as questões de desenvolvimento urbano e de valorização fundiária do uso do solo urbano de Florianópolis, capital do Estado de Santa Catarina – Brasil, influenciado por um intenso processo de investimentos públicos realizados pelo Estado em suas três esferas de poder, no recorte temporal de 2000 a 2017. A localização do investimento se mostrou uma variável econômica, que promove a valorização do lugar, da mesma forma que a produção do espaço urbano desenvolvido a partir da estrutura morfológica da cidade está influenciada pela interdependência do plano, do tecido urbano e do uso do solo, como resultado da interação da tomada de decisão dos agentes sociais e econômicos que a moldam/transformam, por um longo período de tempo.
Percepção da população sobre as praças em Cachoeira do Sul (RS)
Authors: Domingues Quétilan Rodrigues , Giaccom Bárbara , Weiss Raquel
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de pesquisa realizada por meio de questionário auto-aplicado na população de Cachoeira do Sul, com o objetivo de compreender a percepção acerca das praças cachoeirenses, identificando suas principais potencialidades e deficiências. No município há trinta espaços públicos caracterizados como praças, sendo que quatro localizam-se no núcleo central da cidade e 26 nos demais bairros da área urbana. Discorre-se sobre a natureza e importância das praças para a cidade e para a comunidade. São analisados aspectos relativos à satisfação da população quanto à infraestrutura das praças, paisagismo, equipamentos de lazer e parquinhos infantis, manutenção e localização. Os resultados mostram que, apesar da importância das praças centrais, a praça “da Soares” (Praça Senhorinha do Pilar) é a mais procurada como opção de lazer, embora seja uma praça de bairro, recebendo usuários provenientes de todas as regiões da cidade; em seguida, as praças Honorato de Souza Santos e José Bonifácio são as seguintes no ranqueamento de praças mais utilizadas, segundo a pesquisa; ambas se localizam no centro da cidade. Os resultados ora apurados são potenciais para contribuir no planejamento e gestão dos espaços públicos de lazer, com vistas a devolvê-los à comunidade, reintegrando-os em sua vida cotidiana.
DESCREVENDO DESIGUALDADES NOS POTENCIAIS DE DESLOCAMENTO INTRAURBANOS: UMA ABORDAGEM CONFIGURACIONAL
Authors: Maffini Ana Luisa , Gonçalves Gustavo Maciel
Published: November 2024

A segregação socioespacial é um fenômeno urbano que condiciona fortemente as diferenças entre as possibilidades de deslocamento intraurbano que diferentes grupos populacionais dispõem. Métodos quantitativos e indicadores espaciais desenvolvidos até então, em sua maioria, estão focados em descrever propriedades locais de segregação residencial em maiores escalas ou de aferir desigualdades de acessibilidade urbana. Nesse sentido, merece ser investigado o modo diferencial com que grupos populacionais se deslocam nas cidades. Por isso, o objetivo deste artigo é avaliar as desigualdades nos potenciais de deslocamento entre grupos de renda, decorrentes de processos de segregação socioespacial, tendo a cidade de Santa Maria/ RS como caso empírico. A abordagem proposta é quantitativa, baseada na modelagem urbana de grafos. A metodologia envolve: a construção de um modelo espacial de segmentos de via; a definição de localizações de origem (residências) e de destino (usos do solo não-residenciais); o cálculo de medidas configuracionais que permitem estimar prováveis deslocamentos; e o tratamento dos dados e análises comparativas. Os resultados demonstraram que o método é capaz de quantificar essas desigualdades e é sensível a essas diferenças em escalas mais desagregadas. Os resultados do caso empírico demonstraram que Santa Maria é uma cidade com forte desigualdade no potencial de deslocamento das populações quando acessando os estabelecimentos analisados.
A GESTÃO DA MANUTENÇÃO PREDIAL E SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO À VIDA ÚTIL DAS EDIFICAÇÕES
Authors: De Cássia Teixeira Assis Rita , Aparecida Steinherz Hippert Maria
Published: November 2024

Tendo em vista a falta de atenção dada às atividades de manutenção, esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar como a gestão das atividades de manutenção contribui para a vida útil das edificações habitacionais. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura a fim de discutir sobre a manutenção predial e a durabilidade das edificações. A partir dos estudos selecionados, uma análise bibliométrica foi apresentada, juntamente com a análise do conteúdo dos artigos obtidos. Os resultados mostraram que o planejamento adequado das atividades de manutenção é fundamental para garantir a durabilidade e o cumprimento da vida útil das edificações. Pretende-se, com essa pesquisa, ressaltar a importância da realização das atividades de manutenção, especialmente no que tange a manutenção preventiva, a fim de que possa ser atingido o nível de desempenho esperado para a edificação.
Seminal proteoforms from bulls with contrasting semen freezability: a story deciphered by top-down mass spectrometry
Authors: Guedes de Azevedo Viana Arabela , Gomes Fabio Pereira , Kaya Abdullah , Diedrich Jolene , Topper Einko , Di Silvestre Dario , Machado-Neves Mariana , Memili Erdogan , Moura Arlindo Alencar , Yates John R
Published: November 2024

In brief

Bovine sperm and seminal plasma (SP) proteoform atlas was characterized using top-down proteomics. Specific post-translational modifications and protein truncations correlated with semen freezability, with potential links to sperm functional processes.

Top-down proteomics was employed to construct a proteoform atlas of sperm and SP from bulls with low semen freezability (LF) and high semen freezability (HF). Sperm and seminal proteins were fractionated by tandem size exclusion chromatography (<30 kDa) and analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This approach enabled identification of 299 SP (from 46 families) and 267 sperm proteoforms (from 139 families). Seventy proteoforms belonging to beta-defensin 10, c-type natriuretic peptide (NPPC), caltrin, seminal ribonuclease, osteopontin and binder of sperm protein (BSP) 3 families were unique to HF bulls’ SP. LF seminal proteins had 77 unique proteoforms, including caltrin, NPPC, osteopontin, BSP3, serpin family A member 5 and β-NGF families. Proteoform families of SP in HF and LF bulls were related to Ca2+ uptake, capacitation, acrosome reaction, sperm protection, fertilization and proteolytic processes. Thirty-three proteoforms of NPPC, caltrin and cylicin-2 families were upregulated in HF sperm. Twenty-two proteoforms of caltrin, cylicin-2, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthases and malate dehydrogenase families were among those upregulated in LF sperm. Truncated and acetylated histone H2A and non-truncated and acetylated c-Myc-binding protein were prevalent in LF sperm. Cylicin-2 proteoforms were observed in HF and LF sperm, and truncated glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases were observed only in HF sperm. In silico analyses indicated the enrichment of mitochondrial metabolic pathways in HF sperm, including fatty acid metabolism and TCA cycle. Our study provides an unprecedented description of the bovine SP and sperm proteoforms. Post-translational processing appears to define the bioproperties of semen proteins and their associations with sperm cryoresistance.
Le Songe De Vaux
Authors: Young Carolin C
Published: November 2024

This paper was delivered to the Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery in September 2000. The article provides an account of the magnificent banquet hosted by Nicolas Fouquet at his recently completed chateau, Vaux-le-Vicomte in 1661. Within 3 weeks the host was arrested for treason by Louis XIV, a guest at the banquet whose future efforts at Versailles, the author speculates, must have been influenced by Fouquet's example.
The Vinarterta Saga
Authors: Anderson Jim
Published: November 2024

The author presents the Vinarterta, a torte with prune filling,  which has become a marker for Canadians of Icelandic descent.
A Review of Historical Development of Environmental Impact Assessment Vis a Vis Nigeria Environmental Impact Assessment Act of 1992 as Amended in 2004
Authors:   Centre for Environmental Management and Green Energy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka., Nuwahereza Nelson
Published: November 2024

This review provides an in-depth analysis of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) with a focus on Nigeria, exploring the evolution of EIA globally and its establishment and modifications within Nigeria. The study reviews Nigeria’s EIA framework established by Decree No. 86 (1992) and subsequent amendment in 2004, contextualizes its relevance in addressing persistent environmental challenges such as pollution, deforestation, and oil spills, exacerbated by Nigeria’s rapid industrial growth. A comparative analysis between Nigeria and Uganda illustrates how each country’s EIA framework reflects its unique environmental and economic drivers. While Nigeria’s EIA regulations are strongly shaped by its oil industry, Uganda’s focus has largely been on sustainable agriculture, though recent oil discoveries are gradually influencing its policies. Uganda’s commitment to Multilateral Environmental Agreements further underscores its approach to sustainable land and water management. The review makes a number of recommendations to address Nigeria’s EIA challenges, including enhancing public participation, clarifying procedural ambiguities, and improving the consideration of cumulative impacts. Additionally, it raises a need for regulatory coherence among environmental agencies to bolster accountability and governance in Nigeria’s EIA processes.
Successful Secondary Reconstruction and Dental Rehabilitation for a Maxillary Bone Defect with Discontinuity after Partial Maxillectomy: A case report
Authors: Park Ji Song , Choi Sunyoung , Myoung Hoon , Han Jeong Joon
Published: November 2024

Secondary reconstruction of the maxillary defect with discontinuity after partial maxillectomy is extremely challenging due to extensive, severe adhesions between the maxillary sinus membrane and oral mucosa, resulting in no space for the grafted bone and a lack of soft tissue to cover the graft. This case reports a 23-year-old female patient who underwent secondary reconstruction for a bone defect caused by a partial maxillectomy to remove an ameloblastoma that had invaded the maxillary sinus. We incised the existing soft tissue ridge at the bone defect and extensive adhesions below the maxillary sinus to create space for the grafted bone and to form an adequate buccal flap. To ensure the grafted bone’s stability and to support the surrounding soft tissues, a cortical bone from the iliac crest was placed beneath the sinus membrane, with cancellous bone grafted underneath, and a titanium mesh was applied at the alveolar region. This approach allowed robust bone regeneration at the graft site, demonstrating dense, well-integrated new bone formation that facilitated successful implant treatment with good primary stability for two implants. This surgical approach, when indicated, can be less invasive than vascularized bone grafts.
The Role of Thermotropic Liquid Crystals in the Detection of Gases that Adversely Affect the Nervous System
Authors: Kemiklioglu Emine , Gürboğa Berfin
Published: November 2024

In this study, the aim was to develop an innovative and user-friendly sensor capable of quickly detecting the gases phenol, toluene, and 1,2-dichloropropane, which negatively affect brain functions when inhaled over extended periods. To achieve this, the thermotropic phase of liquid crystals, which possess thermotropic and lyotropic phases, was used, and a thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystal(CHLC) sample was formulized. The changes occurring in the presence of these gases were examined optically. In this context, the thermotropic ChLC sample, composed of E7 thermotropic liquid crystal and a chiral mixture made from chiral dopants CB15, R1011, and R811, was placed into a cell created using the sandwich method with glass surfaces modified with lecithin. The mentioned gases, evaporated at different temperatures, were introduced into the cells containing the liquid crystal sample over varying durations, and the resulting changes in the wavelength of the liquid crystal were analyzed. Thus, it was demonstrated that these gases, which have a detrimental impact on human health, can be detected at the lowest concentration levels using a sensor containing thermotropic liquid crystal.