bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compensation method of long high-pressure hose coating formation
Authors: Mingazhev A D , Krioni N K , Gafarova V A
Published: May 2020

Operational reliability of modern machinery is one of the topical tasks in different fields of mechanical engineering. Machines and devices as well as their particular units and parts operating in conditions of high temperatures, aggressive environment and significant loads require additional protection means. Various coatings are known to be widely used for protecting products and their parts such as gas turbine parts fire-proof and thermal protection coatings.
Method for determining the optimal operating time before replacement of high-pressure hoses of hydraulic drives of transport and technological machines
Authors: Pavlov A I , Tarbeev A A , Egorov A V , Polyanin I A , Ya Alibekov S , Lysyannikov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Matkerimov T Y
Published: May 2020

This article is devoted to the development of a method for determining the optimal operating time before replacing hydraulic drives of transport and technological machines using the obtained diagnostic data, which allows you to make a decision about the need to replace the elements of the hydraulic drive. The method is based on the use of the Markov chain theory, which allows us to determine the probability of transitions of hydraulic drive elements from a serviceable to a faulty state based on the results of previous inspections of machines. In this case, a simple homogeneous discrete Markov chain is used, described by a transition matrix, in which the transition probabilities allow us to identify the state in which the replacement of the hydraulic drive element is required, in particular – the high-pressure hose. With timely detection and prevention of defects associated with failures, it becomes obvious to reduce material losses, but premature replacement of expensive hydraulic drive elements will be accompanied by unreasonable costs due to underutilization of their resource. In this regard, the application of the developed method for determining the optimal operating time allows you to ensure maximum efficiency of the machine and minimum operating costs. The maximum total economic effect was used as a criterion for evaluating the efficiency of transport and technological machines.
Distributed control network for complex radio engineering systems on continuum computers
Authors: Dembickij N L , Pankratov V A , Timoshenko A V , Zhukov A O , Kartsan I N , Chefonov N S , Chefonov V S
Published: May 2020

The article proposes a method for evaluating the radio engineering system functional characteristics based on the use of continuum processors that combine the logical and computational capabilities of state continuous parametric assessment of a functional system. The hardware implementation of the knowledge processing system is created on the basis of continuum processors. It is integrated into the means of functional control and maintenance a state of preparedness of complex electronic equipment.
Indicators of the diesel engine combustion process when working on methanol with DST depending on the load changes in different operating modes
Authors: Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N
Published: May 2020

In the Vyatka state agricultural Academy, on the basis of the Department of heat engines, cars and tractors, the development of a 2CH 10.5/12.0 diesel engine for working on methanol using a dual fuel supply system was carried out. The paper presents an analysis of the parameters of the 2CH 10.5/12.0 diesel combustion process depending on the load change at the nominal speed and at the crankshaft rotation speed at maximum torque when working on diesel fuel and methanol with a dual fuel supply system.
Study driving dynamics of the machine-tractor unit on a virtual stand with obstacles
Authors: Lysych M N
Published: May 2020

The problems of studying the dynamic stability of machine-tractor units by the methods of multi-body dynamics (MBD) are considered. To create a simulation model, the virtual modeling method in CAD SolidWorks and CAE SolidWorks Motion was used. A 3d model of the MTZ-82.1 tractor was created, equipped with front and rear mounted three-point linkage. The tractor was aggregated with modular implements. To test the machine-tractor unit, a test track was simulated, consisting of four sections with various non-movable obstacles: single linear; single sequential; group linear; group sequential. In the process of modeling, the following parameters were recorded: lifting height of the geometric center of the wheels; displacement of the machine-tractor unit center of gravity in the transverse direction; linear speed. An analysis stages movement of the machinetractor unit showed that overcoming a single linear, single sequential and group linear obstacles at a speed of 0.9 m/s occurs without loss of stability. Only when overcoming a group sequential obstacle, significant oscillations in the tractor frame are observed, however, due to the balancing suspension of the front wheels, they do not always lead to the rollover of the tractor. In the future, using the developed virtual stand, it is possible to carry out studies of the dynamic stability of various configurations of a machine-tractor unit. It is also possible to change the geometry of obstacles, the angles of inclination of the support surface, the speeds of motion, the contact parameters of the wheels, etc.
New method for monitoring the residual life of high pressure hoses
Authors: Pavlov A I , Tarbeev A A , Egorov A V , Polyanin I A , Ya Alibekov S , Lysyannikov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Sharshembiev J S
Published: May 2020

The presented method is designed to monitoring the residual life of hydraulic drive elements. In this work, as an element of the hydraulic drive, high-pressure hoses are used, which are used in hydraulic drives of technological equipment of transport and technological machines. As a diagnostic parameter that characterizes the technical condition of the high-pressure hose, the frequency of natural oscillations of the pipeline with the liquid is adopted. Experimentally, the dependence of the natural oscillation frequency of the high-pressure hose on the dynamic loading cycles of the harmonic type was obtained, which were used to determine the probability of failure of pipelines and to find a strategy for their replacement. The probability of failure of high-pressure hoses for different periods of operation is determined on the basis of the obtained experimental dependences of the natural vibration frequency of pipelines on their operating time. Using the obtained dependences of the probability of failure of high-pressure hoses, it is possible to determine the possible residual life of pipelines and the need for their replacement. This method can be used to determine the probability of failure of other elements of the hydraulic drive, such as hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic valves, pumps, and others.
Investigation of the effect of the method of extracting a part from a mold on the presence of stone-like defects in cast steels
Authors: Skryabin M L
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the concept of casting defects in steelmaking and their classification. A special place among the existing defects is occupied by a stone-like fracture, which reduces the mechanical properties of finished products and is an irreversible defect. Often, a stone-like fracture appears when receiving products based on smelted models and the reasons for its formation are not fully studied. This article discusses the influence of the method of extracting a part from a mold on stone-like defects in cast steels. The results were analyzed.
Self-oscillation in agricultural mobile machine units
Authors: Partko S A , Sirotenko A N
Published: May 2020

The article presents research on improving the dynamic properties of mobile equipment due to the optimal choice of mass-geometric and elastic-dissipative parameters of the running system. In the study of the sensitivity of systems to synchronization and the capture of these oscillations, a frequency analysis of the oscillations of the output shafts of the propulsion machines and executive units under various operating conditions was carried out. It has been established that under certain operating conditions, the coincidence of these oscillations frequencies is possible, which is the main reason for the appearance of the main dynamic loads. Measures to reduce these loads have been proposed.
Implementation of optimality criteria in the design of communication networks
Authors: Melnikov B F , Meshchanin V Y , Terentyeva Y Y
Published: May 2020

We consider two frequently encountered problems in the modeling of the communication network, related to the construction of a graph of the communication network that meets certain conditions. Heuristic algorithms for solving these problems are proposed. The question of uniqueness of the solution of the set tasks is investigated. A positive result of solving the problem was obtained and sufficient conditions of uniqueness were found. The research and development of appropriate software are of practical importance in the design of real communication networks.
Analysis of indicators of the working process of diesel engine when operating on methanol
Authors: Chuvashev A N , Chuprakov A I
Published: May 2020

Limited reserves of fuel of oil origin and a significant increase in the price of oil and its products have made the work aimed at finding and justifying the use of alternative fuels relevant. Among the latter, methanol occupies an important place, for the production of which raw materials are available on a large scale. Methanol can be obtained from natural gas, coal, biomass, or urban waste. Methanol can be attributed to renewable energy sources. It should be noted that the development of a fundamentally new engine model that meets modern environmental and economic requirements requires long-term research and high material costs, so our research is aimed at upgrading commercially available engines. The article presents the results of implementing a method for using methanol by feeding it directly into the combustion chamber and igniting it from the igniting part of diesel fuel. The economic indicators of the developed diesel engine when running on methanol at maximum torque are analyzed.
Possible expanding of the metrology object on the example of industrial enterprises management assessment
Authors: Ogloblin VA , Malanina Yu N , Vikhoreva M V
Published: May 2020

Metrology has given the necessary driving force to the second industrial revolution. However, the widespread use of business solutions based on information technologies allows to talk about reducing mass production in favor of individual production. Accordingly, the consequences for metrology are the need to expand the object. The definition and subject of metrology do not contradict this transformation. The axioms of fundamental metrology can be slightly changed on the example of the assessment of industrial enterprises management for the possibility of expanding the metrology object.
Correction of form errors during centerless grinding of balls
Authors: Reshetnikova O P , Iznairov B M , Vasin A N , Belousova N V , Panfilova A V
Published: May 2020

This article describes the problem of ensuring effective correction of errors in the form of the spherical surface of the ball during its centerless grinding. The process of embedding ball roughness in the surface of the driving wheel is nonlinear due to the complex form of the roughness and abrasive grains. The mechanism of interaction of the ball with the driving wheel as a process of contacting elastic bodies is analyzed. The value of embedding the abrasive grain size of the driving wheel into the workpiece surface is mathematically determined. It is shown that an increase in the grain of the driving wheel leads to correction of the ball form error during its centerless grinding. At the same time, with increasing wheel abrasive grain, the number of grains per unit surface area of the driving wheel decreases. Based on this, it is concluded that the influence of the characteristic of the driving wheel on the process of correcting errors in the form of the sphere is prevailing.
System for measurement and control of drill string vibration
Authors: Bashmur K A , Petrovsky E A , Bogachev V V , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V S
Published: May 2020

The article discusses issues of ensuring effective and reliable measurement and control of drill string vibration. A system for active measurement and control of drill string vibration is presented. The system combines both wellhead equipment elements and downhole equipment. At that, there is a specially designed hydromechanical extensional vibration sensor used in wells. The wellhead equipment includes elements of record and analysis of obtained data about drill string vibration. Moreover, the system includes wellhead equipment for stopping vibration. The article analyses optimal parameters for the shape of the hydromechanical vibration sensor. Its optimal shape is established.
Pulse safety device with adaptive controller for technical systems with high reliability requirements
Authors: Terasmes K S , Petrovsky E A , Bashmur K A , Tynchenko V S , Kukartsev V V
Published: May 2020

To ensure the protection of technical systems against excessive pressure, pulse-safety devices (pilot-operated relief values, or PORV) are used, which differ from spring-loaded safety valves in their increased throughput and high accuracy of operation at set pressures. At the same time, PORVs are less reliable due to the complexity of the design. Their reliability depends on the operability of two valves - pulse and main ones. The pulse valve that controls the entire safety system is still the weakest PORV element. This is especially true for systems that have high safety and reliability requirements, for example, for aerospace technology and the nuclear industry, because the resource of sensitive elements decreases sharply when working in extreme operating conditions. The article proposes a PORV design with redundancy of the valve sensing element by a system in the form of a metal bellows and a slide valve. The reliability values of the standard and proposed PORV designs are analyzed.
Stability study of magnetoelastic damper of high-speed machines
Authors: Kozhukhov E A , Petrovsky E A , Kolenchukov O A , Bashmur K A , Tynchenko V S
Published: May 2020

The article describes a new device for magnetoelastic damper of high-speed machines. The operation of the device is based on the strength of magnetic levitation and magnetoelastic interaction of the opposite parts. The stability of the damper by the Lyapunov criterion is analyzed. When using the known criterion, particular criteria for the stability of the device were added. Due to the poor convergence of numerical calculations, analytical research methods for specific individual expressions were used. Achieving the goal is solved using the analytical mathematical apparatus.
Identification of object on an emitted signal based on matrixes of a bispectrum and indicator characteristics of Fourier spectrum
Authors: Krupchatnikov R A , Artemenko M V , Kalugina N M
Published: May 2020

The article considers the urgent problem of identifying the state of an object in order to improve the quality of management. To identify the state of the object, a new method is proposed for analyzing the characteristics of the spectral power of a signal recorded during monitoring, which is characterized by the application of convergent decision production rules of a classification type. It is proposed to carry out convergence based on the analysis of the bispectrum of the acoustic signal emitted by the object and the correlation matrix of the characteristics of the amplitude spectral function. The first approach allows to investigate autocorrelation functions of a signal. The second approach allows to study structure of the organization of a signal. The following are considered: the mathematical apparatus and algorithms for determining specific correlation matrices and the methodology of the decision rules system. Results of synthesis of convergent decisive rules for diagnostics of statuses of an organism at standard forms of bronchitis are given. It is noted that the convergence of decision rules allows to increase the accuracy of identification of the state of the observed object by an average of 5-6% compared to private decision rules and by 10% compared with the classification by an expert person. A distinctive feature is the analysis of not only spectral characteristics, but also the functional relationship between them, which allows us to identify new properties and take into account the states that characterize the change in the functioning of the internal control system as a reaction to external influence as a whole. The obtained research results can be used in the construction of smart expert systems that are part of facility management systems whose state is characterized by emitted acoustic signals.
Commissioning and Start-up / Shut-down of the ethanol production plant
Authors: Bamatov Ibragim M , Bamatov Dzhabrail M
Published: May 2020

This paper work demonstrates the commissioning and start - up/shut - down processes of the ethanol production plant with reagents 88 % IPA (isopropylalcohol) and 12 % water. Moreover, this research paper gives schematically illustrates the fabrication of methanol production over 100 ton per annual. Besides, the most important aspects of commissioning, pre-commissioning categories and activities are indicated within this research work.
Selection the optimal value of the smoothed variable during the PVD coating thickness calculation
Authors: Oleinik A V
Published: May 2020

The operating experience of axial single-wheels indicates the need to protect the blades from erosion damage. This can be achieved by applying a protective coating. We have proposed a method for processing bladed disk by biaxial rotation in a vacuum volume. The selection of the trajectory is supposed to be carried out using numerical simulation methods. An important parameter in this case is the smoothed variable to eliminate noise from the coating thickness. The article presents the selection of this parameter based on an experiment with samples of various forms with a protective coating of the (Ti-V)N system.
Application of a microspectral analysis for evaluation of the morphofunctional status of immunocompetent cells in cattle with retroviral diseases
Authors: Artemev D A , Krasnikov A V , Krasnikova E S , Kalganov S A , Markova E A
Published: May 2020

Microspectral analysis is a highly informative way to study the morphofunctional status of cells, including immunocompetent ones. Purpose of the study was an application it for studding of lymphocytes in cattle with enzootic leukemia and viral immunodeficiency. It is important for diagnostics and differential diagnostics of diseases, as well as for analyzing of animal homeostasis and making a prognosis of the disease. Spectral analysis of stained with a Leukodif 200 kit agranulocytes was carried out using the universal color analyzer microscope-spectrophotometer LOMO MSFU-K. The value of the light absorption intensity was measured in the spectrum from 300 to 700 nm. The results of microspectral analysis showed that for cows’ lymphocytes with combined pathology (BLV/BIV), the absorption values in the spectrum of Eosin U and Azure II were 351.2 ± 17.6 and 751.4 ± 37.6 counts, respectively. For animals withBLVandBIVmono-infection, these indicators were 253.3 ± 12.7; 383.3 ± 19.2 and 371.5 ± 18.5; 500.2 ± 24.9 counts. While in intact cows, these indicators were registered at the level of 210.3 ± 10.5 and 173.6 ± 8.6 counts. In intact animals, the acidic and basic components ratio in the cell was uniformly proportional, the ratio coefficient was 0.83 ± 0.04. ForBIV,BLVandBLV/BIV-infected animals, this coefficient was 1.34 ± 0.06, 1.51 ± 0.08 and 2.13 ± 0.11, that was in 1.6, 1.8 and 2.6 times higher than in intact animals, which might be an indicator of metabolic acidosis in the cell.
Building a model for recognition of morphostructure pathologies in animal tissues
Authors: Kostarev S N , Sereda T G , Tatarnikova N A
Published: May 2020

Microscopic images of histological analysis have a complex flat structure. The result of the analysis and interpretation of the diagnosis strongly depends on the qualification of the veterinarian; therefore, the development of methods and models for automated histological diagnosis of diseases is an urgent task. The article considers the known approaches for building expert systems of histological diagnostics. Expert systems of histological analysis can be used in clinical veterinary medicine for advanced training of veterinary pathologists. The possibility of using the theory of finite automata for construction of the device - histological analyzer is shown. As an example of histological analysis the task of recognition of images of morphofunctional changes in rodent tissues on the example of the soft brain of a rat damaged by chlamydia infection is considered. Pathological indicators of morphostructural changes in tissues in case of chlamydia infection have been revealed and explained: erythrocyte slide with clot formation, nucleihyperchrome, tissue edema, hemorrhage and desquamation of endotheliocytes. For image recognition it is suggested to use computer neural network technologies based on multilayer perceptron. The number of synoptic scales for perceptron design has been calculated. Examples are given and construction of training sets on the basis of which the table of truth for neural network training constructed is shown. Computer experiments have shown the possibility of using neural network technologies for recognition of pathology indicators during histological analysis of morphostructural changes in animal tissues.
Development of Levenberg-Marquardt theoretical approach for electric networks
Authors: Mikhaylov A , Tarakanov S
Published: May 2020

The algorithm for artificial neural networks is presented for the optimal distribution of tasks in electric networks in an automatic mode without operator participation. The article presents the artificial neural networks algorithm based on Levenberg-Marquardt approach that implements the specified task, as well as substantiation of its characteristics. It is proposed to use the technology of artificial neural networks (ANN), which on the basis of the developed multi-criteria evaluation electricity system of ARES allows ranking. The ANN architecture with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm of weights optimization and their efficiency is estimated. As indicators of efficiency, the F-measure and the percentage of correctly made decisions (accuracy) were chosen for optimal network parameters. The obtained ANN was successfully tested.
Features of translucent materials and products defects detection with support of optical system
Authors: Bulatov V V , Kul’chitskii A A
Published: May 2020

The translucent materials and products defects detection by optical methods are published in the article. The methods are described on quality assessment of sheet glass. There is an application approach based on complex feature. The recognition algorithm is based on three main feature types of defect: brightness, color (primary features) and geometrical or features of shape (secondary). In the document main (algorithmic) and technical sides of creation of machine vision system are described.
Neural network model of machine parts classification by optical scanning results
Authors: Pechenin V A , Bolotov M A , Yu Pechenina E
Published: May 2020

The article considers the solution to an automation problem for assembly processes associated with determining a type of the part delivered for assembling. The parts delivered for assembling are preliminarily measured with an optical scanner. In order to solve the problem for determining the part type, convolution neural network organization was matched with the data classification. Stl-patterns for three turbine rotor parts were taken, the training and test samples were simulated, several convolution neural networks were trained and the optimal parameters ensuring 100% classification accuracy were selected.
Apparatus for controlling the amount of undissolved gas in the hydraulic fluid
Authors: Lunev A S , Nikitin A A , Ionova V A , Novik A V , Kramarenko V A
Published: May 2020

This paper considers an ultrasonic method for controlling the amount of undissolved gas in hydraulic systems for any size of gas bubbles and a varying size-consist. Also, the main reasons for the appearance of undissolved gas in the hydraulic fluid take into account. The paper is of great importance because known methods for measuring the amount of undissolved gas require complex testing benches consisting of a large number of elements. The proposed apparatus will simplify the control of the amount of undissolved gas in the hydraulic fluid used in the hydraulic drive while maintaining the accuracy of the measurement.
Ultrasonic method and other methods of control of undissolved gas in the working fluid
Authors: Lunev A S , Nikitin A A , Afanasov V I , Novik A V , Kramarenko V A
Published: May 2020

The power oil of the hydraulic drive plays a key role, being both an energy carrier and a lubricant. Variable pressures, speeds and temperatures effect on it. The gas presence in the hydraulic system negatively affects the operational characteristics, bearing capacity and dynamics of the system. The ultrasonic technique of the control of undissolved gas in power oils plays a significant part.
Determination of composition of galvanic composites by microhardness method
Authors: Kisel Yu E , Kamynin V V , Guryanov G V , Bezik D A , Bezik V A , Markaryants L M
Published: May 2020

Based on composite electrochemical coatings effect of content by volume of hard dispersed phase on coefficient of variation of microhardness has been considered. Besides model equation of relationship between content by volume of dispersed phase and coefficient of variation of microhardness has been worked out. The relation between the coefficient of variation of microhardness and volume content of a dispersed phase in a galvanic composite is established.
«Digital Twin» technology in medical information systems
Authors: Bezborodova O E , Bodin O N , Gerasimov A I , Kramm M N , Rahmatullov R F , Ubiennykh A G
Published: May 2020

Given the high mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases and the need to transfer medicine to a more high-tech level of development, the authors propose the use of digital twin technology for the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases. As a digital twin of the human heart, it is proposed to use the combination of an equivalent electric heart generator and the of D. Noble computer heart model within the subsystem for supporting medical decision-making. The use of such digital twin will make it possible to reliably conduct non-invasive cardiodiagnosis to select drugs within the treatment regimen.
Analysis of regulatory documentation for thickness of coatings of materials and products
Authors: Sekatsky V S , Gavrilova O A , Merzlikina N V , Pikalov Yu A , Kaposhko I A
Published: May 2020

It is shown that normalizing the thickness of coatings in the design of products and finding the actual value of the thickness of the coating layer with a given accuracy in manufacturing is a pressing task. An analysis of the regulatory documentation was carried out, which showed that there are recommendations for normalizing the thickness of the coating to select only the minimum thickness of the coating. The maximum thickness of the coatings is not regulated, which leads to unnecessary over expenditure of the coating material, energy and other costs and does not allow selecting the means of measuring the thickness of the coatings depending on accuracy.
Selection of effective criteria for determining the volume of measurements
Authors: Barbashov N N , Abdullina L R
Published: May 2020

The cost of carrying out control measures increases significantly if they are not effectively controlled, in particular when the consumer gets low-quality products. The increase in cost is due to the completion of products or return of marriage. Therefore, the main task of this article is to develop effective control methods that can provide both a certain output level of quality and its improvement. Active control devices are often used to create an effective control system for the accuracy of part processing. They work using different algorithms. Recently, active control is increasingly used to control the current value. Based on the measurement results of each processed part, an adjustment equal in magnitude to the resulting deviation is entered. Similar control methods are used in the ISO 8258-91 standards. Modern software allows you to effectively manage the processing process, so the choice of a rational control algorithm plays an important role.
The formation of control actions in the automatic climate control system in the production of electronics based on the inclusion of a fuzzy controller in the recurrence algorithm
Authors: Aleshkin N A , Aleshkin A P , Petrushevskaya A A
Published: May 2020

To meet the ever-growing requirements for the production of electronic components, production facilities should be improved along the way to achieve the required level of internal climatic parameters of the environment: temperature, humidity, and the degree of air purification from dust. Of particular difficulty is the need to simultaneously control the specified vector of parameters. Promising climate dynamic systems should be focused on intelligent technologies for the formation of control actions. The lack of the possibility of an exact mathematical description of control processes adequate to the nature of disturbing influences motivates researchers to search for mechanisms to parry the noted disturbances. The article proposes to use the fuzzy regulation apparatus for these purposes, which allows one to take into account information presented in verbal form. A model of a climatic dynamic system and the results of modeling based on it are presented.
Nonlinear SVD – filtration in hemodynamic parameters evaluation hydrocuff systems
Authors: Gerashchenko M S , Markuleva M V , Gerashchenko S I , Semenov A D , Mitroshin A N
Published: May 2020

The article illustrates the prospects of using the hydrocuff technology of oscillations formation for evaluating hemodynamic parameters. An approach to improving the parameters accuracy estimation by increasing the oscillations amplitude and subsequent nonlinear SVD – filtering of the obtained blood pressure compression waveform based on singular spectral analysis is presented.
The effect of fast crystallization ligature modification on the microstructure of aluminum alloys
Authors: Cherepanov A I , Kukartsev V A , Tynchenko V S , Kukartsev V V , Semenova E I , Aponasenko S V , Bashmur K A
Published: May 2020

One of the ways to improve the mechanical and technological characteristics of aluminum alloys is to introduce modifiers into them, which are divided into two fundamentally different groups. Modifiers of the first kind, which have proven themselves to be positive, include elements such as Ti, Zr, B, Sb. Their addition to the alloy is up to 1% (wt.). Recently, studies have been conducted on the use of powder modifiers: boron carbide, silicon carbide, nitride or titanium carbide and other modifiers. Modifiers of the second kind include sodium, potassium and their salts. The disadvantage of these low-melting modifiers is that after processing the melt with them, the modification effect disappears after 30-40 minutes due to evaporation and oxidation of sodium.
Control of the process of wear of the tribosystems based on the optical density of the lubricating oil using neural network models
Authors: Shram V G , Agafonov E D , Orlovskaya N F , Vashchenko G V , Egorov A V
Published: May 2020

The article considers the task of studying how the two processes relate - the destruction of lubricating oil and the wear of the elements of the tribosystem. The paper analyzes one of these indicators - the optical density of the oil, which characterizes the process of its destruction. The study includes the stage of constructing multifactor intelligent critical wear models depending on the optical density of the oil and the effort in the friction pair. The initial data for the construction of models are the results of measurements of the optical density of oils and the diameter of the wear spot. The obtained forecast models are indispensable for explaining the fundamental processes of wear that occur during the operation of lubricating oil. In addition to this, it should be noted that the results obtained make it possible to take the next step towards the creation of a new technique for the rapid assessment of the state of lubricating oil and the corresponding nature of the process of wear of the tribosystem.
Mathematical models of beam input and output in the process of electron beam welding of thin-walled structures
Authors: Kurashkin S O , Tynchenko V S , Seregin Yu N , Petrenko V E , Milov A V , Murygin A V
Published: May 2020

The article considers the problem of mathematical modeling of the electron beam welding process at the stages of input and output of an electron beam. A conceptual model is proposed, developed using the mathematical apparatus of the thermal process theory. The models allow the calculation of the individual stages of the process that affect the formation of a welded joint in the vicinity of the “zero point”. The proposed models will be used in the future and will be subjected to verification processes by comparison with the results of field experiments.
Design development and evaluation of the efficiency of the regular separation pack
Authors: Afanasenko V G , Kulakov P A
Published: May 2020

Practically all enterprises of gas and petrochemical industry use separation packs, which can be used as separators and as be an element of heat of mass exchange equipment. The article presents the design of a regular separation pack composed of corrugated metal sheets, as well as the method of measuring its main technological parameters using the finite element method. Dependence of energy consumption and separation quality on design features of the pack is established.
Concept of a new method for continuous non-destructive control of asphalt road pavements compaction
Authors: Prokopev A P , Nabizhanov Zh I , Emelyanov R T , Ivanchura V I
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the research results of a concept for a new method of continuous non-destructive control of asphalt road pavements compaction based on the analysis of the vibration and force state of working bodies of road construction machines as well as the corresponding algorithm for data conversion and intelligent prediction of compaction quality. The definition of the concept “cyber-physical road construction system” is proposed. A scientific problem as well as the corresponding purpose and objectives of the study are formulated. The theoretical background of the continuous compaction control method for pavers is considered. The structure of the considered cyber-physical road construction system is determined.
Automated measurements in process monitoring system in bearing production
Authors: Ignatiev A A , Dobryakov B A , Ignatiev C A , Kazinsky A , Nasad T G , Nasad I P
Published: May 2020

The methodological foundations of the use of automated measuring systems in the monitoring system of the technological process of manufacturing parts of bearings are considered. In addition to the means used to control the accuracy of manufacturing of bearing rings, the use of vibration measuring instruments to assess the dynamic quality of each grinding machine, automated eddy-current quality control devices for the surface layer of parts, and an active dimensional control system, the functions of which are expanded by controlling the speed of the removed stock, are considered. All information is processed in a monitoring system and used to improve the quality of bearing parts.
Joint influence of the wheel group on vehicle motion parameters
Authors: Baranov A S , Pavlyuk A S
Published: May 2020

In order to reduce the complexity of researching the dynamics of vehicles with various structural schemes of the “wheel-road” system, the authors recommend a conditional replacement of several wheels on the same axle or on different axles with one equivalent wheel having the dynamic properties of the wheels being replaced. The article considers the case of an arbitrary wheel arrangement and the possibility of making the design scheme more compact. The calculation is carried out relative to the moving coordinate system, rigidly connected with the link frame and having the ability to move parallel to the supporting surface. Based on the analysis of the obtained dependencies, methods are proposed and recommendations are developed for bringing various structural patterns of wheel arrangement to one equivalent wheel.
Using natural and technical systems of the Leningrad region for waste disposal
Authors: Epifancev K
Published: May 2020

Natural-technical system – a complete, ordered spatially-temporal relationship between natural and industrial objects. These are landscape parks created by high-level designers, landfills created by engineers of giant enterprises and unique swamp, self-cleaning unique resources. The first, second, and third in this case is the result of the interaction of the elements “nature” and “technology” as a whole. Interaction is manifested in a variety of technical, geological, hydrological, atmospheric and biological processes.
Study of heat transfer in the disk of a regenerative crystallizer
Authors: Kovshova Yu S , Yu Krasnichkov D , Bayazitov M I
Published: May 2020

The study is devoted to the research of the heat transfer process at different numbers and locations of labyrinth passages of the regenerative mold disk design by numerical modelling. The designs of the cooling disk with 6, 12 and 18 labyrinth passages are considered. It was found that the number increasing of labyrinth passages to twelve passages allows increasing the average heat transfer coefficient by 1.3 times and providing 2-fold increase in the uniformity of heat transfer. Analysis of the dependence of heat transfer in a disk with twelve labyrinth passages on the refrigerant flow showed that the greatest uniformity of temperature distribution over the disk surface is achieved when the refrigerant flow rate is 100 m3/h. An equation for the dependence of the average heat transfer coefficient from the refrigerant to the disk wall on the flow rate is obtained. It can be used to find the required flow rate of the refrigerant in order to achieve a certain average temperature when regulating the crystallization process. Thus, an improved version of the cooling disk design is proposed for the regenerative disk type mold, which provides a more efficient heat transfer compared to existing analogues, which is confirmed by the results that were obtained.
Overview of turbogenerator monitoring and diagnostic systems
Authors: Polyakov R N , Krupenin N V , Kudryavcev I E , Belyaev A V , Belyaev I V , Romanov V V , Stebakov I N
Published: May 2020

The article considers general approaches and modern monitoring systems for rotary machines of electric generating equipment. The main characteristics of monitoring and diagnostics systems of Russian and foreign manufacturers are presented. Modern trends in the construction of intelligent systems for analyzing the performance of turbo generators and predicting possible failures in order to minimize the cost of repairs and forced shutdown of equipment are outlined. The concept of adaptive-predictive use of rotary machines, the difference from existing systems is the presence of adaptive module that allows to react to unwanted changes in real time and increase the predicted residual resource or eliminate the predicted probability of initially refusal.
Model to improve the quality of additive production by forming competencies in training for high-tech industries
Authors: Chabanenko A V , Kurlov A V , Tour A C
Published: May 2020

Modern trends and technologies of high-tech production are aimed at the active application and use of additive technologies in the production of complex industrial products of non-standard shape. The problem of complicating the design of products is acutely felt. Working with additive technologies requires special competencies of personnel capable of working in high-tech industries in modern digital production.
Theoretical study of forest fire extinguishing machine use
Authors: Gnusov M A , Drapalyuk M V , Yu Druchinin D
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, forest fires have become a serious problem for many countries. The world forestry suffers losses. This fact encourages scientists from different countries to actively engage in the development of new forest firefighting equipment, but the creation process is becoming more and more expensive. The simulation method has become increasingly used to increase the efficiency of the equipment creation. For a theoretical issue the simulation model of firefighting machine for extinguishing forest fires has been developed, which allows carrying out computational experiments on the forest fire unit functioning. The model implementation in the form of different computer experiments allows us to establish the influence of the structural and technological parameters of the forest fire machine on the efficiency of soil throwing during the forest fire extinguishing.
Modern technological trends in the development of the ecosystem of cargo UAVs
Authors: Kovalev I V , Voroshilova A A
Published: May 2020

Trends in the development of the ecosystem of cargo UAVs are considered. This ecosystem has appeared in the aviation industry, including civil unmanned aerial systems manufacturers and their components, software developers, integrators, UAV-based service providers, insurance companies and trading platforms. The architectural concept of unmanned aircraft system traffic management is discussed.
Analysis of permafrost conditioning in the oil field
Authors: Feodorov A B , Egorov A V , Pavlova P L , Sviridov L I , Zagorulko V N
Published: May 2020

Based on model concepts, the technique of maintaining the stability of the permafrost layer is analyzed. An injection well is considered as a reference channel for injecting a mixture of liquid and gas. The purpose of this technology is to control the flow of heat. The development of hydrocarbon deposits in the extreme north requires the preservation of perennial frozen soils in a stable solid state. Stable condition of frozen soils is a guarantee of well operability. An injection well is used to inject refrigerant into the frozen soil zone. When using packers to separate said portion, the injection process to maintain reservoir pressure may continue in the usual manner. Permanent frozen soils are conditioned using a mixture of liquid and gas. This mixture allows you to control the parameters of temperature, pressure and heat capacity over a wide range. The directions of the mixture are formed using a packer system. Packers are installed in the tubing and in the annulus. The formation of a coolant agent is organized directly in the well above the working formation. The technique of ejector pumps is used. The ejector is a device for controlling the parameters of the mixture. The components of the mixture are fed through columns (pipes). The organization of the movement of components is considered as an additional degree of freedom. The proposed technology allows you to use an additional option for the operation of the existing layout of wells in the oil and gas field. The usual practice of the operation of the fishery may remain unchanged.
Statistical study of the impact of climate warming on productivity
Authors: Zinchenko A P , Tarasova O B , Pyzhikova N I
Published: May 2020

The global warming had a significant impact on agriculture in Russia over the past decades, what causes an urgent need for scientific analysis of warming impact on agriculture production and its efficiency. On the example of published data concerning weather conditions of grain crops cultivation in Tambov Region, methodical questions of statistical estimation of their influence on the level and variation of productivity are considered. Within the framework of metrological support, techniques are offered for constructing the qualitatively homogeneous time series of productivity and climate factors, alignment of rows and assessment of the degree of influence of air temperature and precipitation during the vegetation period on the productivity based on the correlation analysis of deviations of characteristics from the aligned series. It is recommended to use the offered approaches as the metrological support for the analysis of dynamics of productivity in all subjects of the Russian Federation, and differences in the level of productivity between them.
Performance-increasing technique in micromechanical accelerometer development
Authors: Yu Ershov D , Lukyanenko I N , Aman E E
Published: May 2020

Requirements for higher-performance on-board control systems and instruments applied in a variety of small-scale moving objects results in the necessity to develop micromechanical sensors – small, lightweight, energy-efficient and, at the same time, offering high-reliability performance and easy-to-use. Development of such MEMS will require – in its turn – controlling parameters which determine the quality of the sensor. These strictly-controlled parameters will most immediately influence the desired outcomes and underlie more efficient use of resources to achieve the desired aims. The problem discussed has already been studied by many scientists. MEMS have been and are being developed by both Russia-based and foreign companies like Honeywell International Inc., Analog Devices Inc., JSC Radar MMS, Temp-Avia plc., to name a few.
Design of encoding and decoding devices in infocommunication systems with orthogonal coding
Authors: Rabin A V
Published: May 2020

The orthogonal coding, which is developed by the author, allows providing the needed communication quality with a smaller power cost. The signal-to-noise ratio’s energy gain is ensured by an effective use of transmitted signals’ power with the unchanged code rate, without an increase of complexity and cost of transmitting and receiving devices. The orthogonal coding is the analogue of convolutional coding over the rational numbers’ field. Properties of orthogonality of proposed codes allow to strengthen the significance of useful signal with simultaneous weakening of the influence of AWGN. Method of the encoding and decoding devices’ design and the example are considered in details. The practical realization of the orthogonal coding has a low level of complexity: each step of the decoding process is technically reduced to a several dot products’ calculation and, consequently, to a contrasting to the zero. For this reason, the offered way of coding and design of encoding and decoding devices can be implemented in various infocommunication systems.