bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new perspective on fuzzy mapping theory with invertedly open and closed mappings
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Özkan Alkan , Alanazi Faizah D.
Published: January 2025

In fuzzy mapping theories, we examine fuzzy closedness and fuzzy continuity of a mapping $ \phi $, characterized respectively by $ \overline{\phi(M)} \subseteq \phi(\overline{M}) $ and $ \phi(\overline{M}) \subseteq \overline{\phi(M)} $, for every fuzzy set $ M $ in $ V $. Here, $ (V, \tau) $ represents a fuzzy topological space (FTs), where $ V = \{v\} $ denotes a set of points. This reveals a fundamental symmetry between the two mappings in connection with the closure operator. On the other hand, the fuzzy openness of a mapping $ \phi $ is characterized by $ \phi(M^\circ) < (\phi(M))^\circ $ for every fuzzy set $ M $ in $ V $. Considering the above statements, it is logical to explore how fuzzy continuity relates to the interior operator. Building on this, we introduce the notion of the invertedly fuzzy open mapping, defined as $ (\phi(M))^\circ < \phi(M^\circ) $ for any fuzzy set $ M $ in $ V $, and discuss its relationship with fuzzy continuity. In our study, we define and analyze invertedly fuzzy open and invertedly fuzzy closed mappings, along with their respective properties. We also delve into how these mappings connect with fuzzy continuous mappings. Furthermore, we examine a characterization of fuzzy homeomorphism for bijective mappings concerning the interior operator.
Smart Diagnosis: Leveraging Machine Learning for Early Detection of Hepatitis in Healthcare
Authors: Mehta Hemang , Shah Vyom , Mishra Sashikala , Swain Nirmal , Kulkarni Chinmay , Swain Debabrata
Published: January 2025

There is high variance related to the detection and prevention of human diseases. This is a concerning factor considering hepatitis. It is a disease that affects the functioning of the liver, which causes the deaths of millions of people in a year, around the world. Conventional methods are slow and inaccurate to a large extent. Machine learning (ML) is a process where a machine is trained using large amounts of data for it to predict about the disease. This paper aims at developing a hybrid machine-learning model using a stacking-based classifier. The hepatitis dataset is available in the UCI ML repository used in this work. A few data pre-processing steps were implemented on the dataset to create an optimum database. This includes imputing missing values, balancing the dataset using the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) and scaling the dataset using robust scaler. For selecting the optimum features, Chi-Square and Pearson Correlation tests were performed. The proposed model has reported a classification accuracy of 98.7%.
ECC-Based Anonymous and Multi-factor Authentication Scheme for IoT Environment
Authors: Dargaoui Souhayla , Azrour Mourade , El Allaoui Ahmad , Guezzaz Azidine , Alabdulatif Abdulatif , Ahmad Sultan
Published: January 2025

Owing to its capability to offer remote services, the Internet of Things (IoT) has immersed itself in all areas of our daily lives. However, this big use of IoT networks makes the user’s data change insecurely in open channels vulnerable to malicious use. As a result, the security of the user’s data in an IoT environment becomes a critical issue. Given that authentication is a mechanism that may prevent hackers from retrieving and exploiting data communicated between IoT devices, researchers have proposed many lightweight IoT authentication schemes in the last decades. However, most of these schemes are based on two authentication factors and are unable to ensure unlink ability, key secrecy, perfect forward secrecy, and resistance to node capture, denial of service (DoS) attacks, stolen verifiers, denning-SSACO attacks, and GWN bypassing. In this paper, we present an anonymous three-factor authentication scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), which can provide all security services and resist well-known attacks. Then, based on informal security analysis and the formal security proof using ProVerif we show that our provided scheme is secure and can resist known attacks. Finally, we show the comparison result among our protocol and other protocols in terms of computation overheads, communication overheads, and security features.
Real-Time Optimization of VMD in Healthcare Embedded Systems Using Parallel Processing with OpenMP
Authors: El Khadiri Zakaria , Latif Rachid , Saddik Amine
Published: January 2025

Variational mode decomposition (VMD) is an advanced signal processing technique used to analyze photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals to extract vital physiological indicators such as heart and respiratory rates. However, implementing VMD on embedded systems presents challenges due to limited computational resources and the need for real-time performance. This paper investigates the optimization of VMD using OpenMP to improve the performance of healthcare-focused embedded systems. We first describe the naive VMD implementation and identify computational bottlenecks. We then optimize the algorithm using OpenMP by parallelizing critical sections, including iterative updates and loop structures, within a homogeneous CPU architecture. We evaluate performance based on metrics such as processing time, efficiency, and the accuracy of heart rate extraction. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized VMD algorithm achieves a near-linear speedup, with processing times reduced by up to 9.45 times compared to the naive single-threaded version while maintaining efficient resource utilization. This optimization enables real-time signal processing in healthcare applications, improving the performance and reliability of medical devices for patient monitoring and care.
Optimizing Off-Chain Storage in Blockchain of Things Systems
Authors: Aldhmour Mamoun , Aldmour Rakan , Al-Zoubi A. Y. , Sedky Mohamed
Published: January 2025

The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) offers decentralized storage and data sharing, which are critical for the functionality of Blockchain of Things (BCoT) systems. Despite its advantages, IPFS faces challenges such as scalability, latency, and resource management issues that hinder its effective integration into existing blockchain infrastructures. This study explores the implementation of Docker containerization to enhance IPFS performance within BCoT environments. An experimental testbed was established, comprising an IPFS node and an IPFS Cluster peer deployed as Docker containers, to evaluate the latency of file operations across various sizes and analyze containerization’s impact on data storage and retrieval efficiency. The proposed Dockerized IPFS implementation demonstrates substantial performance improvements over traditional systems, achieving latency reductions of up to 75% for small files (1–256 KB) and a three-fold decrease for larger files (64 MB). Specifically, write operations were reduced from 1000 ms to 300 ms, while read operations improved by 40%, decreasing from 2500 ms to 1500 ms. Additionally, the containerized approach yielded lower latency than previous standalone IPFS deployments. The study emphasizes the significance of dynamic resource allocation in optimizing resource utilization, thereby enhancing the overall performance of IPFS Clusters within BCoT frameworks. By leveraging Dockerized IPFS, BCoT systems can achieve more efficient off-chain storage solutions, facilitating improved data management and interoperability in decentralized applications.
De la croisade contre « la mauvaise presse » à la mobilisation « Réparons l’Église »
Authors: Raison du Cleuziou Yann
Published: January 2025

Au chapitre de l’Assomption de 1868, le père d’Alzon déclare : « N’y a-t-il pas moyen, en profitant sans parti pris de ce qu’il y a, par certain côté, de bien et de généreux dans la transformation sociale à laquelle assiste le xixe siècle, d’en tirer des éléments favorables au triomphe de l’Église sur la Révolution ? » Cette tension entre résistance et appropriation est au cœur de l’histoire de la Bonne Presse puis de Bayard. Le contenu de la fidélité au projet fondateur évolue à mesure que l’identification des changements favorables à l’Église s’élargit. Á la fin du xixe siècle, Pèlerin puis La Croix sont des fers de lance de la résistance des assomptionnistes à l’extension de l’espace public démocratique. Au début du xxie, ces titres sont des acteurs majeurs de l’émergence d’une opinion publique interne à l’Église. Prêter attention à la dimension spirituelle du discours adressé aux lecteurs ou circulant entre professionnels du groupe pour définir la vocation de la presse permet de saisir les grands jalons de cette évolution.
Classements d’âges, classements des publics : Bayard et la segmentation des lecteurs
Authors: Guijarro Arribas Delia
Published: January 2025

La maison de presse et d’édition Bayard publie un éventail de titres segmentés selon différents âges de la vie, classes sociales, genres (homme, femme), ou encore selon l’inscription catholique ou laïque des lecteurs. Cette fragmentation au croisement de plusieurs catégories est le résultat d’un long processus qui débute chez la Bonne Presse à la fin du xixe siècle, précédant et dépassant largement les seules logiques marketing, s’amplifie considérablement dès la fin des années 1960 et se poursuit aujourd’hui. Ce chapitre vise précisément à appréhender la segmentation des publications et des lecteurs chez Bayard, en interrogeant les classements, plus précisément la construction sociale et éditoriale de ces catégories (publications, publics) et les recompositions successives des classifications qui les articulent. C’est pourquoi il retrace d’abord la construction historique et sociale des différentes catégories de classement liées à la notion d’âge, notamment à travers les exemples des magazines Pomme d’Api et Notre Temps. Puis il analyse les schèmes classificatoires qui, au-delà des seules catégories d’âge, permettent à Bayard de comprendre et d’organiser ses publics. Il s’agit ainsi de rendre compte à la fois des hiérarchies entre publications et des rapports de domination au sein de l’entreprise.
Les assomptionnistes au travail : Bayard comme entreprise congréganiste
Authors: Jonveaux Isabelle
Published: January 2025

Bayard, entreprise de presse, de journalisme et d’édition, est une entreprise dont l’actionnaire principal est une congrégation, celle des Augustins de l’Assomption, et dont certains salariés sont des religieux. Quelle place occupe Bayard dans le travail des assomptionnistes ? Comment s’ajustent les relations entre salariés religieux et salariés laïcs ? Enfin, comment s’équilibrent les buts religieux et économiques de cette entreprise congréganiste ? Cet article étudie Bayard comme lieu de travail pour certains assomptionnistes et comme entreprise congréganiste, par le prisme de l’approche sociologique contemporaine. Il explore les tensions entre religieux et salariés, ainsi que dans l’identité même des religieux, dans leurs rôles de journaliste et de prêtre. Enfin, il met en lumière les différents types d’arbitrages effectués, qui privilégient soit la dimension religieuse, soit la dimension économique de l’entreprise, tout en cherchant à préserver un équilibre entre ces deux exigences.
Contribution to the study of the theoretical foundations of archaeozoological research on recent European and Near Eastern prehistory (Abridged version)
Authors: Jeunesse Christian
Published: January 2025

Our dependence on common sense when it comes to transforming the truncated documentation from our excavation campaigns into interpretative narrative has been regularly emphasised since André Leroi-Gourhan. Its counterpart, and one of the conditions of its existence, is our lack of ethnological culture. We know too little about the characteristics, properties and modes of operation of the vast category of pre-state societies, of which prehistoric European societies are, after all, a part. The aim of ethnoarchaeology and ethnographic comparatism is precisely to familiarise us with this universe, so strange in some respects to our Western eyes, of societies that were once called “primitive”. The article begins with an epistemological reflection on the way in which a set of presuppositions conditions the interpretations of researches devoted to the exploration of the human-animal relationship in societies of late European prehistory. We attempt to show how an implicit model inspired in particular by our knowledge of historical peasantry and a biased conception of the functioning of the primitive economy (both being part of our “intellectual habitus” a scholarly conditioned form of common sense) slips into the process of knowledge production, between the examination of raw facts and the elaboration of interpretations. A detailed examination of pig farming in the New Guinea Highlands then serves to show that the presuppositions of this model are anything but universal. It also leads us to develop alternative models likely to shed new light on prehistoric animal husbandry, for example on the conditions of emergence of the first domestications in the Near East and elsewhere. In this way, we hope to contribute to the development of a catalogue of the forms of animal husbandry known in pre-state, pre-literary and animist societies, both current and sub-actual, with the aim of making it a tool for understanding prehistoric animal husbandry. The underlying idea, which is one of the “commandments” of ethnoarchaeology, is that the depth of the political, social and ontological rupture introduced by the emergence of the state and universal religions is such that the level of proximity between present-day pre-state and prehistoric societies will necessarily be greater than that between the latter and the historical European societies that are the main source of inspiration for the implicit model mentioned above.
Pastourelles : narrateur, bergère et troupeau
Authors: Guiot Charlotte
Published: January 2025

La pastourelle médiévale met le plus souvent en scène la rencontre d’un narrateur masculin avec un personnage stéréotypé de bergère. Cette dernière est brièvement caractérisée au prisme d’un regard érotisant. Si la présence d’animaux à ses côtés est parfois implicite, nous pouvons nous demander en quoi son rôle de gardienne du troupeau influence la construction d’une féminité pastorale. Les auteurs s’inscrivent dans une tradition littéraire qu’ils se plaisent à réinventer pour plaire à leur public et le surprendre. La mention de l’agneau et du porc, en passant par la chèvre, s’accompagne de variations dans la description de la bergère et de son comportement. Nous nous attacherons par conséquent à mettre au jour les corrélations existantes entre traits traditionnellement attachés aux animaux et portrait de la bergère.
Les socialismes en Grande-Bretagne, 1850-1914
Authors: Sippel Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, le socialisme britannique prend de multiples formes. De nouveaux mouvements aspirant à l’indépendance politique des travailleurs émergent. Ils ont en commun d’aspirer à une vie meilleure pour les travailleurs, qui est associée à la nationalisation des terres et des moyens de production. Pourtant, ils ne partagent pas la même vision du rôle politique que doivent jouer les ouvriers dans ces réformes, ni des stratégies, politiques ou syndicales à mettre en œuvre. Le socialisme marxiste, le socialisme fabien, le trade unionism et le nouveau syndicalisme révolutionnaire apportent tous une réponse différente à la question sociale. En 1900, les mouvements les plus influents s’unissent pour former le Labour Representation Committee qui prend le nom de parti travailliste en 1906.
The British Army Massacre at Kandy in 1803?
Authors: Herath S.
Published: January 2025

It is nominally stated in historical sources that the war waged by the British, the controller of the coastal area of Ceylon, against the Kingdom of Kandy ended with the massacre of British soldiers in 1803. Suspicions arise that the British administrators purposefully avoided including the word "massacre" in their written evidence. The War of 1803, begun by order of Governor Frederick North, led by Hay McDowell, was commanded on the ground by Adam Davie. The objectives of this research were to find out whether this war ended in a massacre on the British side if there was a massacre, what quantitative and qualitative numerical data and information could be used to confirm it, and what methods were used by the Kandyan army to the massacre. Historical research methodology has been used for this research. Encirclement; silent attack; massacring after grouping and isolation as ordinary soldiers and officers, Asian soldiers, and European soldiers; starving to death; killing by cutting the body into parts using a sword; abandoned to death in the mud while alive; beating to death only on the head of a person by using sticks and clubs until the brain comes out; were the methods of destruction used by the Kandyan army to assassinate the British army. For the war of 1803, 7 regiments from the British and a pioneer Lascarin army entered the Kandy state. The total number of troops that entered Kandy for the subjugation of Kandy was 3387. from 1st January to 30th June 1803, the number of soldiers who died on the British side was 1091. Adam Davy died while a hostage in Kandy. It is justified to include in Sri Lankan war history that the British soldiers were "massacred" in the war with the Kingdom of Kandy in 1803.
Traditional Folk Consciousness Reflected in Sinhala Theravili
Authors: Ihalagama H. A. A. S.
Published: January 2025

Theravili literature is a prominent genre of folklore that has been created and practiced by the Sinhalese people for centuries. Like other forms of folklore, the creation of Theravili is based on the folk-life of the traditional Sinhalese and the folk consciousness that is central to the emotions, feelings, experiences and concepts that they have absorbed from the environment. Language, signs, and symbols unique to each society serve as vital communication tools in generating, practicing, and transmitting folklore genres, including Theravili. This research explores the various forms and creative features of Theravili, such as riddles, word reversals, and wordplay, which serve as unique communication tools within the Sinhala language. The study addresses whether it is possible to uncover different aspects of the traditional Sinhalese folk consciousness through the analysis of Theravili literature. To gather information for this research, secondary sources were utilized following a qualitative research method. Quotations have been included without editing the writing style or linguistic errors of the original authors.
Systematic Literature Review on Developing an AI Framework for SME Cybersecurity Identification and Personalized Recommendations
Authors: Jayathilaka H. M. T. N. , Wijayanayake J.
Published: January 2025

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are adopting digital solutions faster, which exposes them to cyber risks. This study aims to develop a framework for SME identification in the context of cybersecurity and fine-tuning an AI model for personalised security recommendations. The literature was systematically identified, screened, and selected following the PRISMA guidelines to ensure comprehensive topic coverage. The study also outlines the factors affecting SME cybersecurity, including limited resources, low knowledge, and complications of cybersecurity products. This research-based framework will help to overcome these challenges by identifying SMEs by their cybersecurity requirements and offering recommendations based on a fine-tuned AI model. The findings suggest that personalised security recommendations can significantly improve SMEs' capacity to proactively manage risks and safeguard their digital assets. This research adds value to the known knowledge by solving a significant problem that SMEs encounter. This framework, integrated with the fine-tuned AI model, will enhance the cybersecurity of SMEs and offer a customisable solution that can be applied to various settings.
A review of state of "Abortion in Sri Lanka" in contemporary discussions
Authors: Attanayake Sithmi
Published: January 2025

Safe abortion is a controversial discourse in contemporary society. In many countries, including Sri Lanka, induced abortions are considered criminal acts. Due to these strict laws, individuals often resort to unsafe methods for abortions, posing significant life risks. Various organizations including governmental, non-governmental, international and grassroot entities advocate for the liberalization of these stringent abortion laws to ensure safe access while stressing the importance of women’s bodily autonomy. Despite the critical nature of this issue, there are only a few studies in Sri Lanka focusing on safe abortions and abortion laws. These existing studies primarily examine the community’s perspective and are based on social and cultural determinants. However, they do not sufficiently address the role and the impact made by the abortion-related laws in Sri Lanka, which creates a significant research gap. This study intends to bridge the identified research gap in the context of safe abortion legislation in Sri Lanka. This review synthesizes previously conducted studies on abortion at both global and national levels. The main objective of this review is to explore the role of the law related to safe abortion in Sri Lanka, when accessing safe abortion, employing a feminist legal theory framework.
A case report of co-infection with two atypical pathogens: a particular case report
Authors: Scaramozzino Marco Umberto , Nassisi Veronica , Loddo Francesco , Sapone Giovanni
Published: January 2025

This case report describes a young asthmatic patient who contracted a dual infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The co-infection exacerbated the asthmatic symptoms, leading to significant complications. A literature review highlights how such atypical infections can aggravate respiratory conditions in patients with pre-existing asthma. Clinical patient management, including antibiotic therapy and respiratory support, led to a progressive resolution of the clinical picture. This case underscores the importance of considering atypical infections in the differential diagnosis of asthmatic patients with acute symptom worsening.
An unusual case of focal seizures after a therapeutic dose of isoniazid: a case report
Authors: Ausaf Rabeea , Waheed Syed Zeeshan , Rehman Atta Ur
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity in endemic areas. Isoniazid (INH) is an important first-line agent for its treatment. Its major adverse effects include hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Neurological side effects usually occur at toxic doses; however, few cases have reported generalized seizures at therapeutic doses. Focal seizures after therapeutic doses are rare. Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old male diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and pulmonary tuberculosis who experienced focal seizures after INH administration. No structural, metabolic, or infectious cause was found. The seizures stopped after discontinuation of the drug, which confirmed the diagnosis.
Abdominal obesity as a predictor for response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in patients with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Wasfy Tamer E. , Soliman Shaimaa S. , Hawash Nehad , Gad Elham A.
Published: January 2025

Background and aim

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of visual disturbance among diabetic patients. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has been widely used to treat DME. Obesity is associated with higher levels of circulating VEGF, which may worsen diabetic retinopathy and hinder the response to anti-VEGF therapy. This study aimed to assess the effect of abdominal obesity on response to anti-VEGF in patients with DME.

Patients and methods

The prospective study included 301 eyes of 199 diabetic patients with centrally involved DME. The central macular thickness before and after three consecutive intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF were measured by optical coherence tomography. The patient was considered as having a “poor response” if the central macular thickness has reduced by less than 20% of the pre-injection thickness. The BMI, waist–hip ratio (WHR), and other risk factors were tested for their association with “poor response.”

Results

The mean age of the included patients was 56.34±9.97 years, and 103 (51.8%) were females. The mean±SD WHR among males was 0.94±0.12, and among females was 0.86±0.07, ranging from 0.68 to 1.16. “Poor response” to therapy was noted in 68 (34.2%) patients. Univariate regression showed that BMI, WHR, fasting blood sugar, and glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly associated with “poor response,” while multivariate regression analysis showed that only glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly associated with “poor response.”

Conclusion

Abdominal obesity can significantly contribute to “poor response” to anti-VEGF therapy among diabetic patients with DME.
A Narrative Approach to Exploring Life Changes Among Middle-Aged Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Rezaee Nasrin , Ghaljeh Mahnaz
Published: January 2025

Background:

Middle age serves as a crucial transitional phase between youth and old age in women’s health, making it a critical period for women. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the experiences of life changes among middle-aged women.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis from September to December 2022 in Zahedan. The participants included 10 middle-aged women selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected through individual face-to-face interviews, and all interviews were subsequently transcribed and analyzed. Categories representing the beginning, middle, and end of the narratives were extracted. First, thematic similarities were identified, leading to the emergence of subcategories. Then, the related subcategories were reviewed and placed into the same category.

Results:

At the beginning of the narratives, the identified subcategories included perception of middle age, gaining experience, and behavior change. In the middle of the narratives, understanding the developmental stages and gaining experience in managing life were extracted as the subcategories. At the end of the narratives, maturity was identified as the main category.

Conclusions:

The findings from this study revealed that development occurs through the accumulation of experience. Although this study did not explore development in contextual terms, addressing and identifying the challenges of middle age in their context may facilitate quicker development. Furthermore, recognizing and investigating physical problems associated with middle age could lead to more timely treatment.
The Validation of Diabetes Mellitus Discharge Planning Module Incorporated into the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity
Authors: Said Asbath , Said Faridah Mohd , Nambiar Nisha
Published: January 2025

Background:

In Indonesia, several hospitals have designed various forms of discharge planning in line with the guidelines provided by the Indonesian Endocrinology Association. These initiatives were implemented to enhance the quality of healthcare service. Despite the efforts made by the government, the rate of non-compliance (9%) and readmission (20%) has continued to increase. This indicates that there is a need to reevaluate the existing discharge planning module. Therefore, this study aims to validate the contents of the diabetes mellitus discharge planning module, which was incorporated into the summary of diabetes self-care activity. The effectiveness of the intervention in improving the compliance of patients with self-care activity was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods:

This study used a mixed methodological approach, which combined an evaluation method and an experimental quantitative design. The content validity of the module used was carried out using professional judgment, involving competent experts in the bahteramas hospital in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sample population consisted of sixty-five randomly selected respondents, who participated in the validation of the summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire, which had three phases, namely pre-test, during, fieldwork, and post-test.

Results:

The content validity of the module was tested using Aiken’s v, and the results ranged from 0.82 to 0.88 for each session, indicating that it was valid. Furthermore, the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) obtained in this study was acceptable, with values ranging from 0.60 to 0.92.

Conclusions:

The results showed that the diabetes mellitus discharge planning module could be used to improve self-care among patients.
Artificial intelligence in psychiatric education: Enhancing clinical competence through simulation
Authors: Ajluni Victor
Published: January 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in psychiatric education offers transformative potential to enhance clinical competence through realistic simulations. Traditional educational methods face limitations in replicating complex psychiatric cases, and AI-based tools provide a scalable solution. This narrative review examines current evidence on the efficacy of AI-powered simulations, focusing on their role in skill development, diagnostic accuracy, and safe clinical training. Through a comprehensive literature review of studies from 2010 to 2024, key themes such as AI’s ability to standardize patient encounters, provide instant feedback, and improve student confidence are explored. Findings suggest that AI can enhance psychiatric education by offering consistent, adaptable learning experiences that prepare trainees for real-world complexities. However, challenges such as ethical considerations and accessibility disparities must be addressed for AI to be effectively integrated into psychiatric training. This review provides insights into the future of AI in medical education and its potential impact on training the next generation of psychiatrists.
Xenon gas as a potential treatment for opioid use disorder, alcohol use disorder, and related disorders
Authors: Kaufman Marc J. , Meloni Edward G.
Published: January 2025

Xenon gas is considered to be a safe anesthetic and imaging agent. Research on its other potentially beneficial effects suggests that xenon may have broad efficacy for treating health disorders. A number of reviews on xenon applications have been published, but none have focused on substance use disorders. Accordingly, we review xenon effects and targets relevant to the treatment of substance use disorders, with a focus on opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder. We report that xenon inhaled at subsedative concentrations inhibits conditioned memory reconsolidation and opioid withdrawal symptoms. We review work by others reporting on the antidepressant, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties of xenon, which could diminish negative affective states and pain. We discuss research supporting the possibility that xenon could prevent analgesic- or stress-induced opioid tolerance and, by so doing could reduce the risk of developing opioid use disorder. The rapid kinetics, favorable safety and side effect profiles, and multitargeting capability of xenon suggest that it could be used as an ambulatory on-demand treatment to rapidly attenuate maladaptive memory, physical and affective withdrawal symptoms, and pain drivers of substance use disorders when they occur. Xenon may also have human immunodeficiency virus and oncology applications because its effects relevant to substance use disorders could be exploited to target human immunodeficiency virus reservoirs, human immunodeficiency virus protein-induced abnormalities, and cancers. Although xenon is expensive, low concentrations exert beneficial effects, and gas separation, recovery, and recycling advancements will lower xenon costs, increasing the economic feasibility of its therapeutic use. More research is needed to better understand the remarkable repertoire of effects of xenon and its potential therapeutic applications.
Influence of mode of delivery on maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
Authors: Midhuna K. S. , Vavaldas Umadevi , Kandhichetty Sarada
Published: January 2025

Background:

Diagnosis and proper management are very important to limit various fetal and maternal complications. Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) early diagnosis and intervention decide the further fate of pregnancy. Maternal and fetal outcome in PPROM is very important to decrease maternal and child mortality and for better management and prevention of complications.

Objective:

The objective is to study the influence of the mode of delivery on maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with PPROM.

Materials and Methods:

The study was hospital-based prospective-Cohort study done among 204 cases with PPROM. Antepartum and intrapartum events were recorded. Based on the preference of the treating unit and existing hospital protocols, patients undergoing either of the three modes of delivery (cesarean, vaginal, cesarean after failed trial) were observed for maternal and fetal outcomes. Women between 28 and 36 weeks + 6 days period of gestation were divided into three groups. Group A: 10 women (cesarean section), Group B: 174 women (vaginal delivery), and Group C: 20 women (cesarean section after failed trial).

Results:

Majority women (>60%) in all three groups belonged to the gestational age of 34–36+6. The vaginal delivery group had the least proportion of neonatal complications at 32–33+6 weeks of gestation, and at 34–36+6 weeks of gestation. Sixty percent of women in the failed trial group had complications compared to 50% in the cesarean section group and only 18.9% of the women from the normal vaginal delivery group had complications. This difference was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Maternal and neonatal complications were significantly more in the failed trial group followed by the cesarean section group compared to the normal vaginal delivery group.
Subgroup induction property for branch groups
Authors: Francoeur Dominik , Leemann Paul-Henry
Published: January 2025

The
subgroup induction property
is a property of self-similar groups acting on rooted trees introduced by Grigorchuk and Wilson in 2003 that appears to have strong implications on the structure of the groups possessing it. It was, for example, used in the proof that the first Grigorchuk group as well as the Gupta–Sidki

3

-group are subgroup separable (locally extended residually finite) or to describe their finitely generated subgroups as well as their weakly maximal subgroups. However, until now, there were only two known examples of groups with this property, namely, the first Grigorchuk group and the Gupta–Sidki

3

-group.The aim of this article is twofold. First, we investigate various consequences of the subgroup induction property for
branch groups
, a particularly interesting class of self-similar groups. Notably, we show that finitely generated branch groups with the subgroup induction property must be torsion, just infinite and subgroup separable, and we establish conditions under which all their maximal subgroups are of finite index and all their weakly maximal subgroups are closed in the profinite topology. Then, we show that every torsion GGS group has the subgroup induction property, hence providing the first infinite family of examples of groups with this property.
empoderamiento a través de la sexualización. Una perspectiva crítica
Authors: Soto-Moreno Erika
Published: January 2025

El artículo parte del reconocimiento de cierta tendencia, identificable en la cultura popular contemporánea, a considerar una forma de empoderamiento la sexualización del cuerpo femenino. Esta asociación, característicamente posfeminista, se funda en la lectura de la sexualización femenina como una apropiación de la agencia sexual reservada a los hombres, apropiación que, por tanto, vendría a subvertir la jerarquía patriarcal. El texto se propone cuestionar la asociación identificada inicialmente, sometiendo a análisis crítico el entramado conceptual que le sirve de base. Para ello, lleva a cabo una revisión de los diferentes aspectos del empoderamiento, que después son contrastados con lo que la sexualización puede ofrecer a las mujeres, y repasa los puntos fundamentales de la deconstrucción derridiana para evaluar si en efecto se produce la pretendida subversión. Finalmente, encuentra que lo único que la vía de la sexualización puede procurarnos es un empoderamiento individual porque la jerarquía primaria se mantiene incólume.
The Periphery of the Periphery
Authors: Hrvatin Klara
Published: January 2025

On the basis of individual East Asian objects from small Slovenian towns, which were not the subject of the collecting practices in Slovenia organised so far but were in the possession of individuals and used or held in a certain family, we will reconstruct a picture of the cultural and material connections between the Slovenian southwestern municipality Ilirska Bistrica and the East Asian region. We are particularly interested in who their owners were and what kind of East Asian objects they kept in their homes. Can we speak of “typical” East Asian objects in Slovenian households? The subject of this research will mainly be objects from the late 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, which coincides with the period when the most representative Slovenian collectors, such as Alma Karlin (1889‒1950), Ivan Skušek Jr. (1877‒1947) and Ivan John Jager (1871‒1959), gathered objects that today form the bulk of the East Asian collections in Slovenia.
Développement de Helicoverpa armigera, Hübner, 1805 (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) sur différentes variétés de cotonnier au Bénin
Authors: Azonkpin S. , Assogba R.G. , Sekloka E.
Published: January 2025

Le coton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) est la première plante textile cultivée dans le monde et reste la principale culture d’exportation de la plupart des pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Les programmes d’amélioration variétale du cotonnier devraient privilégier la production de variétés de fibres de haute qualité, multirésistantes aux adversités biotiques et abiotiques. Pour réduire l’impact des ravageurs sur le cotonnier, il est donc fondamental de sélectionner des variétés moins sensibles aux ravageurs et aux maladies. L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier des variétés de cotonnier dotées d’une résistance à l’infestation de Helicoverpa armigera dans des conditions agro-écologiques béninoises. Une étude au laboratoire, portant sur quatre variétés de cotonnier (ANG 956, OKP768, KET782 et R663-4), a été menée. Les paramètres évalués comprenaient le nombre de chenilles de H. armigera qui ont survécu sur les cotonniers, la durée des chenilles jusqu’au stade L5, leur poids et leur taille, la durée d’apparition des chrysalides et leur poids, et la durée de l’émergence des papillons. Sur les quatre variétés testées, le stade L5 de H. armigera a été observé au 10ème jour. D’autre part, le temps de formation des chrysalides était le plus long dans la variété ANG 956, étant deux fois plus long que pour les autres variétés (KET 782, OKP 768 et R663-4). L’émergence des adultes a été plus longue dans la variété ANG 956, et plus courte dans les variétés KET 782, OKP 768 et R663-4. Helicoverpa armigera se développe mieux sur les variétés KET 782, OKP 768 et R663-4 que sur l’ANG 956, qui était plus résistant.
Bacterial contaminants of Date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) sold in Kaduna, Nigeria, and their susceptibility to antibiotics
Authors: Obajuluwa A. F. , Yagat D. S. , Durowaiye M. T.
Published: January 2025

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major challenge of antimicrobial therapy of infections today. Food-borne bacteria can serve as reservoir for transmission of antibiotic resistant strain. This study was aimed at determining the bacterial contaminants on dates palm fruits sold in Kaduna metropolis and to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria isolated.
Methodology: A total of 60 samples of Date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were collected randomly from five major markets in Kaduna metropolis. Total bacterial and total coliform counts were determined using pour plate method. Gram, staining, microscopy and biochemical tests were carried out to isolate the bacterial contaminants. Antibiotic susceptibility test for commonly prescribed antibiotics was also carried out through agar diffusion method and the percentage antibiotic resistance determined. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics on Microsoft Excel.
Results: The results showed that the mean total bacterial count range was 4×105-2.7×106. The mean coliform count range was 8×103-1.2×106. The following bacteria were isolated; Staphylococcus aureus (35.7%), Streptococcus spp (21.4%), Escherichia coli (12.5%), Bacillus subtilis (8.9%), Enterobacter spp (8.9%), Proteus mirabilis (7.1%) and Salmonella Typhi (5.4%). Gentamicin (43.2%) and cotrimoxazole (47.4%) were the most active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates respectively. The bacterial isolates showed high level of antibiotic resistance with 57.1% being multidrug resistant, 10.7% extensively resistant and 5.4% were resistant to all the antibiotics tested.
Conclusion: The high level of contamination and antibiotic resistance observed in this study is alarming and of public health concern, as Date fruit is highly consumed in this part of the country. Thorough washing of Date fruits with clean water before eating is recommended.
Candida bloodstream infection among immunocompromised paediatric patients admitted to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Anozie C. E. , Okesola A. , Makanjuola O. , Ayanbekun T. , Mohammed A. R. , Fasuyi T.
Published: January 2025

Background: Invasive candidiasis is a major hospital acquired fungal infection in Nigeria. Despite advances in support of critically ill patients, candidaemia is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data on Candida bloodstream infection among paediatric patients is limited in Nigeria and this informed this study, which was undertaken to investigate the prevalence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility pattern for blood stream infections due to Candida species in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive study which recruited 322 immunocompromised paediatric patients. All Candida isolates obtained from their blood samples through blood culture were identified to species level by germ tube test and PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 16S rRNA genes with MspI. Antifungal susceptibility test was performed on the isolates using the Vitek 2 system.Results: Eighteen (5.6%) of the 322 patients had candidaemia, with Candida albicans accounting for 14 (77.0%), and Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis accounting for 2 (11.0%) of the isolates each. Fourteen (77.0%) isolates were susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole, 8 (44.0%) were susceptible to caspofungin and micafungin, 10 (55.0%) were susceptible to amphotericin B and 17 (94.0%) were susceptible to flucytosine. Conclusion: This study highlights the reality of candidaemia in hospitalized immunocompromised children, mostly caused by Candida albicans and other Candida species, exhibiting resistance to echinocandins, azoles and amphotericin B. It is important to have a high index of suspicion and efforts should be made to rightly identify the concerned Candida species and perform susceptibility testing before initiating antifungal treatment. This will ensure better outcome for the patients.
The Socio-Economic Impact of De-Agrarianisation in Sub-Sahara: A Re-Look on Rural Livelihoods and Employment
Authors: Nyath Douglas , Ndlovu Joram , Dzvimbo Munyaradzi
Published: January 2025

This article critically engages with the academic debate on de-agrarianisationwhich has gained traction in political economy perspectives of agrarianchange in Sub-Saharan Africa. De-agrarianisation represents long-termprocesses of occupational adjustment, income-earning reorientation and thespatial relocation of rural dwellers away from strictly agricultural modes oflivelihood. Given that Sub-Saharan Africa is steadily becoming less rural incharacter, there is a need to explore the critical factors that drive deagrarianisation and its implications on rural socio-economic development. Itemerges that the de-agrarianisation process is a historical process dating backfrom the colonial era. It is driven by urban and industrial development, theglobalisation process, neoliberal policies, climate change variability, growthof off-farm livelihood options and access to education. This phenomenon hasfar-reaching widespread social, economic and ecological effects in rural areas.We challenge the taken-for-granted assumptions of the farm householdefficiency paradigm that has dominated rural development thinking in theGlobal South and recommend the need for measures that can help boost nonfarm activities availability, including increasing the access of rural householdsto assets such as financial capital and non-price factors like education andinfrastructure. The development of non-farm activities should complementthe effort to re-agrarianise since activities in the former depend directly orindirectly on the latter.
Izzih-Ukelle Environmental Crisis and Implications for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ani Kelechi Johnmary
Published: January 2025

Since the inception of earth, there has been a consensus among scholars thatwar and armed conflict of any kind often have major negative impact on thepeople and society more than positive one. Wars especially over land have leftmany nations and societies underdeveloped. Many national and societaleconomies have been crippled as a result of wars and armed conflict therebyleading to retardation of development of some communities, while increasingthe high level of poverty in the society. This article focuses on the conflictbetween Cross River and Ebonyi States, which to a large extent affectedfarming communities. This conflict is about contested land which the peopledepended on for survival because most of the people are farmers. Theresearcher used qualitative research method, where primary data werecollected from field interviews in the conflict affected terrain as well assecondary materials to develop the content of the article. It found that thearmed conflict gave a heavy blow on the people. Consequently, the articlerecommends that it is important to look at how this conflict negativelyimpacted on food security in the country and pursue post conflictpeacebuilding. Politicians and other stakeholders should therefore try to stopfanning the fuel of enmity within Ebonyi and Cross River State.
The Effectiveness of Strategic Management Practices at a Public University in South Africa
Authors: Khuzwayo Sithembile , Mashau Pfano
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates strategic management practices at the University ofKwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). Using a quantitative approach, an online surveycollected data from diverse staff members. Positive perceptions of strategyclarity and impact were found, but resource adequacy concerns emerged.Transparent resource allocation, stakeholder involvement, and performancemetrics are crucial for successful strategy implementation. The researchhighlights the need to align resource allocation with strategic objectives. Itemphasises transparent decision-making processes, involving stakeholders inresource allocation, and monitoring performance metrics. By applyingresource-based theory and Mintzberg’s 5Ps framework, the study providesvaluable insights for higher education institutions. Recommendations includeenhancing transparency, conducting regular assessments, and prioritisingstrategic initiatives. This research contributes to organisational effectivenessand long-term strategic goals. It highlights the importance of strategicalignment and resource optimisation in higher education contexts.