bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instructional Barriers and Challenges Faced by Faculty and Students of Graduate School in One Hei in the New Normal Set Up
Authors: Jingco Freya Gay , Brombuela Glenn , Atienza Demie , Caparas Edith
Published: July 2021

The education system in our country also adjusted to the new normal set-up. The new normal set-up is not easy for everyone to immediately cope up with. It requires us to take things to a new approach of learning online. It pushed us to adapt to the settings we are not used to, and we are having difficulty coping with this set-up we are currently in. Also, the professors are having problems finding ways to provide a better way for the students to learn more effectively. From what we are having right now about the new way of education, there were several expected and known challenges that graduate students will meet and have met during their schooling. We cannot change the fact that our new way of living nowadays caused by a deadly virus leads us all into numerous difficulties to continue our everyday life. Specifically, this paper presented the experience by the respondents about the degree of online learning barriers. Identified barriers included in the study are administrative/instructor issues, social interactions, time and support for homework, technical skills, technical problems, academic skills, learner motivation, cost and access to the Internet. A survey questionnaire adapted from Muilenburg & Berge (2005) was used in this study.The weighted mean for measuring the challenges level is the statistical tool used in the data processing. Based on the results, Infrastructure and internet bandwidth should be the priority for investment. For higher education Institution, an increase awareness about online learning among teachers is encouraged. Teachers must attend and as much as possible, participate in webinars and open online courses (MOOCs) available. Moreover, it is highly recommended that before any online learning, qualified and trained online facilitators and technical support must be formed.
Eosinophilic cystitis, a rare cause of persistent haematuria in a diabetic dog
Authors: Braz Larissa Ayane do Nascimento , Cruz Nathan da Rocha Neves , Santos Gabriel Fernando Müller , Magalhães Larissa Fernandes , Crivellenti Leandro Zuccolloto
Published: July 2021

A cistite eosinofílica é uma doença inflamatória rara caracterizada por infiltração eosinofílica de todas as camadas da parede da bexiga. Essa enfermidade já foi descrita em adultos, crianças e cães. No entanto, não há um consenso de diretrizes sobre o seu tratamento. Mesmo que as literaturas humana e veterinária mostrem alguma eficácia no manejo com corticosteroides, anti-histamínicos e antibióticos, uma variedade de efeitos colaterais graves e frequentes estão associados à terapia com esteróides. Dessa forma, seu uso é relativamente contra-indicado para pacientes com diabetes mellitus e síndrome de Cushing, por exemplo. Um chow-chow, macho, castrado, de cinco anos e diabético estável foi encaminhado para atendimento com histórico de urina fétida, hematúria macroscópica e disúria não responsiva a antibióticos há 18 meses. A avaliação dos parâmetros físicos estava dentro dos padrões, exceto por desconforto abdominal suprapúbico. O hemograma e o perfil bioquímico estavam dentro dos valores de referência, exceto por eosinofilia periférica leve. Embora a ultrassonografia, a radiografia contratada da bexiga e os achados da urinálise indicassem malignidade, a histopatologia confirmou o diagnóstico definitivo de cistite eosinofílica. O manejo com ciclosporina foi satisfatório, com remissão completa da hematúria. Este relato de caso apresenta o primeiro uso documentado de ciclosporina para o tratamento de cistite eosinofílica, com sucesso, em um cão com diabetes.
A inserção dos conhecimentos indígenas na escola: possibilidades por meio de um blog
Authors: Ferreira Fabrício Gurkewicz , Felzke Lediane Fani
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo verificar a percepção de um grupo de professores de Educação Física sobre a viabilidade de um blog como uma ferramenta auxiliar para a inserção de conhecimentos indígenas, em especial as suas corporalidades, no espaço escolar, sobretudo na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, sendo que foi utilizado um questionário como instrumento para a produção dos dados. Como principais resultados, constatamos que o blog é um recurso válido para que os professores consigam desenvolver propostas pedagógicas acerca dos conhecimentos indígenas, além de ter boa acessibilidade e funcionalidade. Portanto, acreditamos que o blog pode trazer subsídios para a estruturação de ações no âmbito escolar facilitando o acesso a conteúdos sobre diversidade e alteridade que, por sua vez, resultarão em benefícios na diminuição dos preconceitos em relação aos povos indígenas e suas culturas.
Formação inicial do professor de educação física reflexivo: tomando consciência de sua função social
Authors: Ciriaco Alan Barbosa Correa , Garcia Juliana Maia
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar e analisar criticamente a estruturação da literatura, publicada em periódicos científicos nacionais e internacionais, em torno da formação de licenciados em Educação Física. Para este fim adotou-se a revisão crítica da literatura, baseada na análise interpretativa de estudos de síntese e análise do objeto de estudo. Após a análise crítica das obras selecionadas, consideramos que, apesar da existência de diferentes metodologias de formação docente, a viabilização de um projeto que preconiza a reflexão, depende de políticas públicas e iniciativas privadas comprometidas com esse fim, incluindo desde a tomada de consciência da função individual até a coletiva, caracterizando dessa forma, mais do que a formação de professores, sistemas educacionais reflexivos. Para tanto, é indispensável que sejam realizadas pesquisas complementares multidisciplinares.
Machismo: toxina que degrada o meio esportivo
Authors: Schultz Michele
Published: July 2021

O machismo e a opressão contra mulheres tem sua origem engendrada na estrutura da sociedade sendo, portanto, estrutural. O machismo estrutural permeia as várias esferas de organização social e política, inclusive o meio esportivo. Nesse ensaio busquei trazer alguns aspectos da gênese do machismo e da violência contra as mulheres, tentando estabelecer relações com fatos vivenciados no polo aquático brasileiro. O cotidiano de atletas da modalidade revela um ambiente tóxico e opressor, reproduzindo a violência contra meninas e mulheres. A falta de participação de mulheres nas esferas de decisão é um fator agravante. É necessário que reconheçamos a presença do machismo estrutural no meio esportivo para pensarmos ações de combate a essa prática opressora.
Intersecção entre educação física e a filosofia: ensaio para o ensino do esporte e igualdade de gênero no ensino médio
Authors: Lucca Mateus Henrique Servilha de , Marcomini Roberson Augusto
Published: July 2021

O processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos esportes na Educação Física escolar tem ocupado grande espaço nas práticas pedagógicas dos docentes nos diversos níveis de ensino. Existe a preocupação pedagógica na quebra de paradigmas do ensino reducionista do esporte, exacerbando a necessidade de priorizar não apenas aspectos técnico-táticos, mas também socioeducativos e histórico-cultural. Uma vivência e apresentação esportiva que não contemple esses referenciais, corre riscos de desmotivar o processo de aprendizagem dos esportes. Sendo assim, a filosofia abre caminhos para a reflexão democrática no esporte e a igualdade de direitos. Pensando em diálogos interdisciplinares e tendo como base estrutural a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e as tendências emergentes da Pedagogia do Esporte, espera-se apresentar e discutir possibilidades pedagógicas interdisciplinares dentro da escola, da Educação Física escolar e Filosofia, consolidando perspectivas que desenvolvam o fenômeno em sua totalidade e de forma  democrática. Para isso, organizou-se uma unidade didática em quatro encontros entre as aulas de Filosofia e Educação Física, para identificar, dialogar e discutir a importância da igualdade de gênero no esporte. Em suma, espera-se apresentar possibilidades pedagógicas para abordar o tema dentro do ambiente escolar, e a partir de, motivar novas intervenções que sejam capazes de mobilizar não apenas o conhecimento para as aulas, mas também para além dos muros da escola.
A discriminação racial e a legislação do futebol brasileiro
Authors: Abrahão Bruno Otávio de Lacerda , Batista Cleyton , Caldas Demetrius Luciano , Oliveira George Roque Braga
Published: July 2021

Em um contexto crescente de manifestações de racismo, a despeito do aumento do seu combate na sociedade em geral, surgiu o questionamento: quando, como e por que o debate racial passou a fazer parte das deliberações que legislam sobre o futebol brasileiro? A fim de responder a esta pergunta, o objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar como a legislação do futebol aborda as questões raciais. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa documental dos principais regulamentos e leis relacionadas ao futebol brasileiro. Assim, foram analisados o Estatuto de Defesa do Torcedor, o Código Brasileiro de Justiça Desportiva e os documentos oficiais da FIFA e CBF. Os dados revelam uma preocupação das entidades com este crime que viola os direitos humanos no Brasil para dar conta das manifestações desta natureza que persistem, sendo vociferadas no futebol.
As máquinas e seus batimentos vitais: por um cinema lato sensu
Authors: Scansani Andréa C.
Published: July 2021

A partir das leituras que Arlindo Machado faz de Gilbert Simondon, ainda nos anos de 1990, revisitamos este autor para explorar seu pensamento sobre a imaginação, a invenção e a complexa rede de relações entre máquinas e humanos, numa reflexão sobre a prática da fotografia cinematográfica e suas imagens.
Apresentação
Authors: Moran Patricia
Published: July 2021

Apresentação da edição 56
The Essential Frailty Toolset in Older Adults Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Solomon Joshua , Moss Emmanuel , Morin Jean‐Francois , Langlois Yves , Cecere Renzo , de Varennes Benoit , Lachapelle Kevin , Piazza Nicolo , Martucci Giuseppe , Bendayan Melissa , Piankova Palina , Hayman Victoria , Ouimet Marie‐Claude , Rudski Lawrence G. , Afilalo Jonathan
Published: July 2021

Background

The Essential Frailty Toolset (EFT) was shown to be easy to use and predictive of adverse events in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement procedures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the EFT in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting procedures.

Methods and Results

The McGill Frailty Registry prospectively included patients ≥60 years of age undergoing urgent or elective isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 2011 and 2018 at 2 hospitals. The preoperative EFT was scored 0 to 5 points as a function of timed chair rises, Mini‐Mental Status Examination, serum albumin, and hemoglobin. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression. The cohort consisted of 500 patients with a mean age of 71.4 ± 6.4 years, of which 27% presented with acute coronary syndromes requiring urgent surgery. The mean EFT was 1.3 ± 1.1 points, 132 (26%) were nonfrail, 298 (60%) were prefrail, and 70 (14%) were frail. Over a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 78 deaths were observed. In nonfrail, prefrail, and frail patients, survival at 1 year was 98%, 95%, and 91%, and at 5 years was 89%, 83%, and 63% (
P
<0.001). After adjustment, each incremental EFT point was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.28 (95% CI, 1.05–1.56) and frail patients had a 3‐fold increase in all‐cause mortality.

Conclusions

The EFT is a pragmatic and highly prognostic tool to assess frailty and guide decisions for coronary artery bypass grafting in older adults. Furthermore, the EFT may be actionable through targeted interventions such as cardiac rehabilitation and nutritional optimization.
Critique of Flowers: The Exigency of Life in the Era of Its Technical Reproducibility
Authors: Guan Cassandra Xin
Published: July 2021

Need, as an epigenetic concept, originated with Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, for whom it referred to the pressure of circumstances that compel animals to develop new organs in the course of evolution. It reappeared in twentieth-century science as the somatic disequilibrium that Sigmund Freud, following Psycho-Lamarckian biologists, first called “the need of life” (die Not des Lebens) and then “the drives” (Trieb). The invention of time-lapse cinematography around 1900, initially as an optical instrument in the experimental study of plant physiology, visibly enlarged the epigenetic paradigm: Plants were suddenly perceived as agential beings, attached to the physical environment not by their roots, but rather by their needs and activities. The disquieting impression of responsive behavior became the selling point of the BASF-commissioned nitrogen-fertilizer commercial Miracle of Flowers (1926), a film celebrated by Rudolf Arnheim as “the most fantastic, thrilling, and beautiful picture ever made.” This article interrogates the sovereignty of need in epigenesis, using Miracle of Flowers as a case study. Through a close reading of the animal-like organisms in this film and the emotional reactions they elicited, need is reimagined as a maladaptive force embodied in technical media that tethers unhappy individuals to punishing environments.
Rest Notes: On Black Sleep Aesthetics
Authors: Hodson Josie Roland
Published: July 2021

Science has shown that Black people in the United States sleep more poorly than any other racial group. Relatedly, contradictory racial myths that depict Black people as simultaneously indolent and super-industrious persist in contemporary discourse. Confronting a culture that celebrates endurance over rest, this paper attends to works of art that visualize or create conditions for Black sleep, thereby resisting its biopolitical regulation and the lethal expectation of perpetual industry. This essay speculates about how visual representations of Black sleep can constitute quiet gestures that enact fugitivity and provide reparation for racial time—in part through the reclamation of interiority. Although sleep is a decidedly solitary act, this paper highlights artistic projects bound by an ethos of collectivity, arguing that the project of transforming the social and political conditions that reproduce Black sleeplessness cannot be pursued in isolation.
Lying in the Gallery
Authors: Lee Pamela L.
Published: July 2021

This essay addresses a recent exhibition phenomenon associated with time-based art: the striking preponderance of beds, beanbag chairs, and other horizontal viewing platforms in the staging of such work. Indeed, in black-box galleries around the world, viewers have been increasingly solicited to go horizontal. What might these new modes of display tell us about contemporary cultures of work when compared to historical examples from the 1960s, particularly in regard to the mass phenomenon known as “burnout” in the present? Might such novel conditions of reception shed light on the shifting interactions between humans and computers in what the ethnographer Marcel Mauss called nearly one hundred years ago, the “civilization of latitude”? Departing from Niki de Saint Phalle's She (1966)—an immersive media environment presented as a recumbent female figure—the essay argues that lying in the gallery chimes with technologies of work post-Internet, our incorporation of its media platforms, and the generalization of the network as a ubiquitous and ambient resource.
Primal or Indigenous?
Authors: Balcomb Anthony Oswald
Published: July 2021

Indigenous religions have been demonised, eclipsed or ignored ever since the advent of modernity. However, in the wake of the decolonial turn they are enjoying a revival of interest and restoration. In Africa this has led to a renewed interest in African Religion. Five approaches are made to the topic by its non-practitioners – that it does not exist, that it is evil, that it is inadequate, that it is preparation for the Christian gospel, or that it is a form of indigenous religion and has integrity in its own right. A particular debate has emerged over the past twenty years concerning nomenclature. How should African Religion be understood and what should it be called? Two possibilities have emerged, the primal and the indigenous. The primal discourse emphasises the role that African Religion plays in the shaping of religion generally and Christianity particularly. The indigenous discourse has developed in opposition to this and emphasises the particularity and uniqueness of African Religion as a species of indigenous religion to be understood in its own right.
The Linguistic Turn and the Expanding Horizons of Early Christian Martyrdom
Authors: Eastman David L.
Published: July 2021

This article examines the impact of martyrdom literature on the formation of Christian identity in the earliest centuries. Taking a cue from insights from the “linguistic turn” in scholarship, the article examines the function of martyr traditions in identifying suffering as the evidence of true Christian identity, in transforming the martyrs into a perceived elite class of Christians to be emulated, and in promoting a strong, anti-imperial rhetoric. Questions of historical veracity in these texts therefore give way to an analysis of the rhetorical and ideological impact of these stories.
Envisioning a Dystopian, Post-Christian Society in P. Anderson Graham’s The Collapse of Homo Sapiens
Authors: Hale Frederick
Published: July 2021

As one of many contemporary British dystopian novels, P. Anderson Graham’s 1923 The Collapse of Homo Sapiens envisaged Britain in the twenty-second century as a devastated society that has largely reverted to a primitive, non-Christian state. However, a remnant of the surviving population has memories of the religious dimensions of national life, helping them to cope with the exigencies of their meagre existence. A modest revival of the faith of their forebears ensues, which in turn triggers a reaction against the re-assertion of Christianity by nationalistic elements that regard it as too charitable a social force to fortify their efforts to revitalise British culture in a hostile geopolitical setting. The narrative perspective of the novel is critical of the truncated state of that religion in Britain in the 1920s and how this was failing to guide and inspire peoples’ lives at that time.
Transmission and Transformation of Kabbalistic Knowledge in Italy at the End of the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Buzzetta Flavia
Published: July 2021

The article looks at the transfer of knowledge between Judaism and Christianity in the Renaissance, a period characterized by the encounter of different cultures and belief systems. In particular, it will focus on the Christian Kabbalah, which channels various philosophical and sapiential traditions into a universal, and at the same time, plural vision of wisdom. This convergence of ideas resulted, on the one hand, in the elaboration of translations, adaptations, and vulgarization of Jewish texts and, on the other, in the development of new interpretations. This is a characteristic of the collected writings of Pierleone of Spoleto, which involved the transformative communication of Jewish translators and the creative reception of Christian humanists. Of these manuscripts, we will examine the annotations concerning the sefirot, which are an excellent example of the reinterpretation of Jewish thought through a typically humanistic perspective.
Roots of Modern Environmental Law in Europe
Authors: Jendrośka Jerzy
Published: July 2021

The article provides a concise overview of the origins of modern environmental law in Europe based on general historical studies or the legal studies dealing with the history of environmental law in particular European regions or countries. It presents historical development of the two fundamental branches of environmental law, namely nature conservation and pollution control, first at the medieval times and then as a consequence of Industrial Revolution. The article presents the legal instruments and concepts invented in the past in the light of the instruments and concepts used in the current European legislation. In this context it attempts to show that some of the contemporary concepts and many of currently used legal instruments of environmental policy are not the modern invention and have the roots in some older concepts and instruments invented already long time ago in some national legislations in Europe. In conclusion the article claims that while the global challenges brought about by the climate change require politicians to seek a new, more comprehensive, approach to environmental policy and law – some lessons learned from the past experience may be useful.
Achieving Blue Growth Post-Weser: a Study of Aquaculture Regulation in the Nordic Region
Authors: Kyrönviita Jonas , Langlet David , Soininen Niko , Belinskij Antti , Kymenvaara Sara , Basse Ellen Margrethe
Published: July 2021

This article explores how the conflict between the interests of protecting water quality in the coastal waters of the Baltic Sea from nutrient emissions on one hand, and supporting blue growth in the aquaculture sector on the other, has played out in the Nordic legal systems and industry practice. It does so by reviewing the legal and industrial developments in Sweden, Denmark, Finland and the Åland Islands with a focus on interpretation and application of the common EU regulatory framework, mainly the Water Framework Directive and the ecj Weser ruling, and the response from the aquaculture sector. The study shows that the four studied jurisdictions have taken disparate regulatory approaches in balancing ecological status of waters and blue growth. As a consequence of these legal developments, the aquaculture industry faces difficulty in attaining required permits for their operations in all four jurisdictions and significant uncertainty on how to develop the sector to meet the set growth objectives has arisen.
Review of the mite family Parholaspididae Evans, 1956 (Acari: Mesostigmata)
Authors: QUINTERO-GUTIÉRREZ EDWIN JAVIER , HALLIDAY BRUCE
Published: July 2021

This paper is a review of the mite family Parholaspididae, including 163 species and 14 genera. We provide a diagnosis for the family and each genus, and a key to the genera. For each species we provide a synonymy and bibliography, information about the type locality, habitat, and institutional deposition of type specimens.
Solvent Assisted Coaxial-Electrospun Poly Methyl Methacrylate Polymer and Study of Resultant Fibers
Authors: Satheesh Arjun , Alagiriswamy A. A. , Devanand S. , Nithiyanantham S.
Published: July 2021

Electrospinning of dispersions with higher viscosity and limited flow may be carried out, based on the solvent assisted coaxial technique, where the flow of the core dispersion is supported by a free flowing sheath solvent. In the present work, the sheath solvents used are chloroform, toluene and dimethyl formamide and we discuss the fiber formation of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) (dispersion-25 wt%). PMMA dispersed in chloroform is taken as the core solution and the sheath is pure solvent. TheIn-Situeffect of different sheath solvents in fiber formation at two different tip to collector distances are studied. The fibers formed are subjected to SEM analysis and the characteristics are analysed. The fiber formation of high viscos polymer dispersions makes the same materials subjectable to electrospinning and further applications.
Metal Tungstate Based Nanocomposites for Environmental Applications: Photocatalysis Mini-Review
Authors: Jaffer Sadiq Mohamed Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Photocatalysis is viewed as perhaps the best-progressed treatment measures in eliminating numerous dangerous natural toxins from wastewater. It enjoys numerous benefits, however some downsides are: (i) Fast photogenerated electron–hole recombination productivity, (ii) they restricted
noticeable light reaction capacity, (iii) low specific surface region, and (iv) the expense of reagents utilization. To improve the economy of the process, it is likewise needed to expand the catalyst’s effectiveness. Consequently, there is an extraordinary requirement for the improvement
of elite catalysts. This mini-review survey addresses the basics and uses of photocatalytic materials on metal tungstate-based nanocomposites. The mini-review shows how metal tungstate-based nanocom-posites can help take care of ecological issues. This mini-review also expected survey gives
outlines, synthesis, characterizations, and exploration discoveries in the field of metal tungstate-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic applications in the future examination.
Electrical, Optical, Structural Properties with Some Physico-Mechanical of Pure and La3+ Doped L-Alanine Acetate Single Crystals
Authors: Senthamizhan A. , Sambathkumar K. , Nithiyanantham S. , Alagiriswamy A. A.
Published: July 2021

Slow evaporation was used to successfully generate single crystals of pure and La3+ doped L-alanine acetate from aqueous solution. The structural, vibrational, chemical analysis carried out through XRD, UV, FTIR with FTRaman Analysis. The Nd: YAG laser was used to confirm
and estimate the sample’s Second Harmonic Generation (SHG). The growing crystal’s laser damage threshold was also discovered. Thermogravimetic (TG) and Differential theromogravimetric (DTA) studies were used to measure the thermal stability of the formed crystal. The generated
LAlA crystals were also subjected to dielectric and photoconductivity tests. The dopant has boosted the efficiency of the L-alanine acetate crystal, according to nonlinear optical studies.
Multi-model Subseasonal Precipitation Forecasts over the Contiguous United States: Skill Assessment and Statistical Postprocessing
Authors: Li Yanzhong , Tian Di , Medina Hanoi
Published: July 2021

This study assessed multi-model subseasonal precipitation forecasts (SPFs) from eight subseasonal experiment (SubX) models over the contiguous United States (CONUS) and explored the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV)-based ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) framework for postprocessing multi-model ensemble SPF. The results showed that the SubX SPF skill varied by location and season, and the skill were relatively high in the western coastal region, north-central region, and Florida peninsula. The forecast skill was higher during winter than summer seasons, especially for lead week 3 in the northwest region. While no individual model consistently outperformed the others, the simple multi-model ensemble (MME) demonstrated a higher skill than any individual model. The GEV-based EMOS approach dramatically improved the MME subseasonal precipitation forecast skill at long lead times. The continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) was improved by approximately 20% in week 3 and 43% in lead week 4; the 5-mm Brier skill score (BSS) was improved by 59.2% in lead week 3 and 50.9% in lead week 4, with the largest improvements occurring in the northwestern, north-central, and southeastern CONUS. Regarding the relative contributions of the individual SubX model to the predictive skill, the NCEP model was given the highest weight at the shortest lead time, but the weight decreased dramatically with the increase in lead time, while the CESM, EMC, NCEP, and GMAO models were given approximately equal weights for lead weeks 2-4. The presence of active MJO conditions notably increased the forecast skill in the north-central region during weeks 3-4, while the ENSO phases influenced the skill mostly in the southern regions.
Flexible endoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for localising impacted pharyngeal foreign bodies in emergency department: A randomised cross‐over manikin pilot study
Authors: Sin Chi‐Kit , Young Bun
Published: July 2021

Background:

Direct laryngoscopy is often poorly tolerated in patients with foreign body ingestion. The use of flexible endoscopes, which are reported to be better tolerated, was described. However, studies on endoscopy usage by emergency physicians are lacking.

Objective:

This study evaluates whether using a bronchoscope is as effective as the direct laryngoscopy for localising pharyngeal foreign bodies by emergency physicians.

Methods:

This was a randomised cross‐over manikin study conducted on 32 emergency physicians. Four foreign bodies were placed at the oropharynx, vallecula, arytenoid and post‐cricoid area of a manikin. Participants, being randomised into two groups, examined the pharynx with a bronchoscope and a direct laryngoscope in designated orders. The primary outcome was the complete visualisation rate defined as visualising all the four foreign bodies within the time limit. Secondary outcomes included participants‐rated difficulty scores, device preferences, the time needed for complete visualisation and cumulative success rates.

Results:

Complete visualisation rate was significantly higher using the bronchoscope (93.8%) than the direct laryngoscope (62.5%) p = 0.02. The overall difficulty score was lower using the bronchoscope (median 4, interquartile range: 3–5) than the direct laryngoscope (median 6, interquartile range: 5–8), p < 0.001. The bronchoscope was the preferred method for overall examination (71.9%) over the direct laryngoscope (28.1%), p = 0.001. There were no significant differences in times needed for complete examination for the bronchoscope (median 73.6 s, interquartile range: 54.7–97.7 s) and the direct laryngoscope (median 82.2 s, interquartile range: 40.1–120 s), p = 0.9, and cumulative success rates, p = 0.081.

Conclusion:

The bronchoscope was associated with an increased complete visualisation rate and was the easier and preferred method for pharyngeal examination.
Isolated extrapontine myelinolysis with neuropsychiatric manifestation: A case report from Nepal
Authors: Karki Susmin , Agrawal Saurav , Parajuli Asmita , Ojha Rajeev , Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Karn Ragesh , Rajbhandari Reema , Gautam Niraj , Paudel Sunanda , Shrestha Aashish
Published: July 2021

A referred case of a 34-year-old woman was brought to the emergency room with features of mutism and whole-body rigidity following rapid correction of hyponatremia. On presentation, she was ill looking with tremors on her both hands and legs. She was unresponsive to command and developed involuntary outbursts of laughter and crying. Based on clinical features and neuroimaging, diagnosis of isolated extrapontine myelinolysis was made. She was treated with quetiapine, vitamin B1 and B12 supplements, trihexyphenidyl, levodopa-carbidopa and physiotherapy of limbs. Due to lack of clinical trials for adequate diagnosis and management of extrapontine myelinolysis, this case report highlights the importance of extrapontine myelinolysis with neuropsychiatric manifestation in research world.
Concordance of recommendations across clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in Southeast Asia with internationally reputable sources
Authors: Kow Chia Siang , Hasan Syed Shahzad , Wong Pei Se , Verma Rohit Kumar
Published: July 2021

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the rate of concordance, and to investigate sources of non-concordance of recommendations in the management of hypertension across CPGs in Southeast Asia, with internationally reputable clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Methods

CPGs for the management of hypertension in Southeast Asia were retrieved from the websites of the Ministry of Health or cardiovascular specialty societies of the individual countries of Southeast Asia during November to December 2020. The recommendations for the management of hypertension specified in the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline and the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Society of Hypertension (ESH) guideline were selected to be the reference standards; the recommendations concerning the management of hypertension in the included CPGs in Southeast Asia were assessed if they were concordant with the reference recommendations generated from both the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and the 2018 ESC/ESH guideline, using the population (P)-intervention (I)-comparison (C) combinations approach.

Results

A total of 59 reference recommendations with unique and unambiguous P-I-C specifications was generated from the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. In addition, a total of 51 reference recommendations with unique and unambiguous P-I-C specifications was generated from the 2018 ESC/ESH guideline. Considering the six included CPGs from Southeast Asia, concordance was observed for 30 reference recommendations (50.8%) out of 59 reference recommendations generated from the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and for 31 reference recommendations (69.8%) out of 51 reference recommendations derived from the 2018 ESC/ESH guideline.

Conclusions

Hypertension represents a significant issue that places health and economic strains in Southeast Asia and demands guideline-based care, yet CPGs in Southeast Asia have a high rate of non-concordance with internationally reputable CPGs. Concordant recommendations could perhaps be considered a standard of care for hypertension management in the Southeast Asia region.
Symptoms of anxiety/depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown in the community: longitudinal data from the TEMPO cohort in France
Authors: Andersen Astrid Juhl , Mary-Krause Murielle , Bustamante Joel José Herranz , Héron Mégane , El Aarbaoui Tarik , Melchior Maria
Published: July 2021

Background

To cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing restrictions where implemented in France, which could have led to social isolation. This is expected to have affected the mental health situation, including increasing risk of symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general population. Persons with prior mental health difficulties could be an especially vulnerable group, however, few studies have tested this empirically considering preexisting mental health difficulties. We examine the association between preexisting symptoms of anxiety/depression and anxiety/depression during lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in a longitudinal community sample.

Methods

A longitudinal follow-up during lockdown (data collection March–June 2020) was implemented among participants of the TEMPO cohort. Prior knowledge of anxiety/depression was included from prior waves of data collection. Generalized estimation equations models were used to estimate the association between preexisting symptoms of anxiety/depression and symptoms of anxiety/depression during lockdown among 662 mid-aged individuals.

Results

Individuals with symptoms of anxiety/depression measured prior to lockdown had 6.73 higher odds [95% CI = 4.45–10.17] of symptoms of anxiety/depression during lockdown. Additionally, the likelihood of symptoms of anxiety/depression during lockdown was elevated among women (OR = 2.07 [95% CI = 1.32–3.25]), subjects with low household income (OR = 2.28 [1.29–4.01]) and persons who reported being lonely (OR = 3.94 [95% CI = 2.47–6.28]).

Conclusions

Our study underlines the role of preexisting symptoms of anxiety/depression as a vulnerability factor of anxiety/depression during lockdown. Interventions focusing on individuals with mental health difficulties as well as people feeling lonely should be considered, to reduce the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Non-adherence to preventive behaviours during the COVID-19 epidemic: findings from a community study
Authors: Urbán Róbert , Paksi Borbála , Miklósi Ádám , Saunders John B. , Demetrovics Zsolt
Published: July 2021

Backgrounds

Preventive behaviours are an essential way to slow down and eliminate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to estimate adherence to preventive behaviors and to identify whether any subgroups were not adopting these behaviours and for whom greater engagement in these approaches was indicated.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we obtained data from a random sample of a panel representing men and women of adult age residing in Hungary (N = 5254). The survey included questions about the frequencies of preventive behaviours, perceived susceptibility and severity of COVID-19.

Results

We found four factors of preventive behaviours: using physical barriers (mask and gloves), avoidance of close contacts, personal hygiene, and preparation. We identified two broadly adherent groups (36.8 and 45.3%) and two non-adherent groups (13.1 and 4.8%). Being male and being aged between 18 and 29 years were the strongest predictors of non-adherence. Concern about the severity of COVID-19 was a predictor of adherence.

Conclusions

To ensure maximal adherence to preventive behaviours for COVID-19, additional strategies should focus on their adoption by men and young adults.
Uptake and correlates of chlamydia and gonorrhea testing among female sex workers in Southern China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Pei Zhen , Wang Ya Jie , Cheng Huan Huan , Zhang Ye , Tang Wei Ming , Yang Fan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Ji Yuan , Wang Cheng
Published: July 2021

Background

Female sex workers (FSW) are highly susceptible to chlamydia and gonorrhea infection. However, there is limited literature examining their testing uptake to date. This study aimed to assess the uptake and determinants of chlamydia and gonorrhea testing among FSW in Southern China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was performed in five cities in Southern China. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, chlamydia and gonorrhea testing, and the utilization of health care services from participants were collected through face-to-face interviews. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine factors associated with chlamydia and gonorrhea testing, respectively.

Results

Overall, 1207 FSWs were recruited, with the mean age of 30.7 ± 6.8 years and an average number of clients of 7.0 (4.0–10.0) per week. 65.4% participants constantly used condoms with clients during the past month. Only 7.5 and 10.4% had been tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea in the last year, respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that FSW who worked at low tiers (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 2.36, 95%CI:1.23–10.14), had more clients in the last month (aOR = 1.03, 95%CI:1.01–1.05), used condoms consistently (aOR = 1.79, 95%CI:1.12–2.86), had STD symptoms (aOR = 4.09,95%CI:2.62–6.40), had been tested for HIV (aOR = 5.16, 95%CI:3.21–8.30) or syphilis (aOR = 6.90, 95%CI:4.21–11.22) in the last year were more likely to have chlamydia testing. In addition, FSW who had more clients in the past month (aOR = 1.02,95%CI:1.00–1.04), had STD symptoms (aOR = 3.33, 95%CI:2.03–5.46), had been tested for HIV (aOR = 3.94, 95%CI:2.34–6.65) and syphilis (aOR = 3.27, 95%CI:1.96–5.46) in the last year were more likely to have gonorrhea testing.

Conclusions

The testing rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea are low among Chinese FSW. Integrating chlamydia and gonorrhea testing into HIV testing promotion programs may help bridge the gap among FSW.
Development of a competency for professional oral hygiene care of endotracheally-intubated patients in the intensive care unit: development and validity evidence
Authors: Choi Eun-Sil , Noh Hie-Jin , Chung Won-Gyun , Mun So-Jung
Published: July 2021

Background

Professional oral care in the intensive care unit may reduce the incidence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia, which increases the patient’s mortality rate. This study aimed to develop a competency for professional oral hygiene care of endotracheally-intubated intensive-care patients.

Methods

First, we developed a competency draft by reviewing the literature on oral hygiene care of patients in the intensive care unit. Next, we developed expert validity test questionnaires using this draft and conducted expert validity tests twice on 18 experts. We determined competency as a content validity index of 0.8 or more and received expert additive opinions about competency through an open-questionnaire expert validity test paper in this methodology study.

Results

The content validity index ranged from 0.8 ~ 1.0 for all items. The competency of ‘professionalism’ comprised 2 sub-competencies with 7 behavioral indicators. ‘POHC preparation’ comprised 3 sub-competencies with 10 behavioral indicators. ‘POHC implementation’ comprised 3 sub-competencies with 6 behavioral indicators. ‘POHC evaluation’ comprised 2 sub-competencies with 8 behavioral indicators. Lastly ‘Cooperation among experts’ comprised 3 sub-competencies with 7 behavioral indicatiors.

Conclusions

To provide patients with high quality oral hygiene care, these competencies should be implemented, and oral hygiene care professionals and related medical personnel should form a cooperative system.
Anthropometric indices and the risk of incident sudden cardiac death among adults with and without diabetes: over 15 years of follow-up in The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Moazzeni Seyyed Saeed , Tamehri Zadeh Seyed Saeed , Asgari Samaneh , Azizi Fereidoun , Hadaegh Farzad
Published: July 2021

Background

We investigated the association of anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and hip circumference (HC) with the risk of incident sudden cardiac death (SCD) among Iranian population with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

The study population included 9,089 subjects without and 1,185 subjects with T2DM, aged ≥ 20 years. Participants were recruited in 1999–2001 or 2001–2005, and followed for incident SCD annually, up to 20 March 2018. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease, were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of anthropometric indices (as continuous and categorical variables).

Results

During a follow-up of over 15 years, 144 (1.58%) and 86 (7.26%) incident SCD occurred in non-T2DM and T2DM groups, respectively.

Among non-T2DM group, a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in WHtR was associated with higher risk of incident SCD by a HR of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.00–1.50) in the multivariable model. From the first quartile to the fourth quartile of WHtR, the trend of SCD risk was significant in age- and sex-adjusted analysis (P-value for trend: 0.041). Other indices did not show significant associations with SCD.

Among T2DM group, a 1 SD increase in WHR had a HR of 1.36 (1.05–1.76) in the multivariable model. Considering WHR as categorical variables, the trend of SCD risk across quartiles of WHR was significant. Furthermore, a 1 SD increase in HC led to reduced risk of incident SCD with a HR of 0.75 (0.58–0.97) in multivariable analysis; this lower risk remained significant even after adjustment for WC. Compared to the first quartile, the fourth quartile of HC also showed a HR of 0.50 (0.25–0.99) (P-value for trend = 0.018). BMI, WC, and WHtR did not have significant associations with incident SCD.

Conclusion

In our long-term population-based study, we demonstrated central but not general obesity (as assessed by WHR in participants with T2DM, and WHtR in participants without T2DM) as a herald of incident SCD. Moreover, HC can have an inverse association with SCD among participants with T2DM.
A new semismooth Newton method for solving finite-dimensional quasi-variational inequalities
Authors: Xie Shui-Lian , Sun Zhe , Xu Hong-Ru
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we consider the numerical method for solving finite-dimensional quasi-variational inequalities with both equality and inequality constraints. Firstly, we present a semismooth equation reformulation to the KKT system of a finite-dimensional quasi-variational inequality. Then we propose a semismooth Newton method to solve the equations and establish its global convergence. Finally, we report some numerical results to show the efficiency of the proposed method. Our method can obtain the solution to some problems that cannot be solved by the method proposed in (Facchinei et al. in Comput. Optim. Appl. 62:85–109, 2015). Besides, our method outperforms than the interior point method proposed in (Facchinei et al. in Math. Program. 144:369–412, 2014).
Relation of therapies for ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis to risk of myocardial infarction: a nested case control study
Authors: Stovall Rachael , Peloquin Christine , Felson David , Neogi Tuhina , Dubreuil Maureen
Published: July 2021

Background

Risk of myocardial infarction (MI) is elevated in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis (AS/PsA) compared to the general population. We evaluated the risk of MI related to the use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) and other therapies in AS/PsA.

Methods

We conducted a nested case-control study using 1994–2018 data from OptumLabs® Data Warehouse, which includes de-identified medical and pharmacy claims, laboratory results, and enrollment records for commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees. The database contains longitudinal health information on enrollees and patients, representing a diverse mixture of ages, ethnicities and geographical regions across the United States. Assessing AS/PsA separately, MI cases were matched to 4 controls by sex, age, diagnosis year and insurance type. We evaluated treatment within 6 months prior to MI including NSAIDs (AS referent), disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARDs; PsA referent) and TNFi alone or in combinations. We evaluated the relation of treatment categories to MI risk using conditional logistical regression adjusting for confounders.

Results

Among 26,648 AS subjects, there were 237 MI cases and 894 matched controls. Among 43,734 PsA subjects, there were 404 cases and 1596 controls. In AS, relative to NSAID use, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for MI among TNFi only users was 0.85 (95% CI 0.39–1.85) and for DMARD only users was 1.04 (95% CI 0.65–1.68). In PsA, relative to DMARD use, the aOR among TNFi only was 1.09 (95% CI 0.74–1.60). Combination therapies also had no effect.

Conclusions

Among AS/PsA, no combination of therapies appeared to be protective or harmful with regards to MI. Future studies should capture more AS and PsA patients and include longer term follow up to further investigate this question.
Indigenous Record Keeping and Hacienda Culture in the Andes: Modern Khipu Accounting on the Island of the Sun, Bolivia
Authors: Hyland Sabine , Lee Christine
Published: July 2021

How did khipus—knotted cords that encode information—function within the economic systems of the postcolonial Andes? Best known as the method by which the Incas recorded administrative data, khipu use continued into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Few studies of modern khipus, however, have analyzed how khipu cords were integrated with the institutions of the modern state, such as the hacienda. This article examines a set of modern khipus from the Island of the Sun in Bolivia. These khipus, which contain dried potatoes and beans, are the first ever known to include agricultural produce. Our analysis demonstrates how the circulation of khipu styles within the Island of the Sun was linked to hacienda production, underscoring the intimate relationship between khipus and hacienda culture. Modern herding and crop khipus did not arise out of a generalized Andean consciousness but were products of specific historical and economic circumstances.
Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis with Cystic Lesion Concomitant with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kripalani Yash , Houssein Koulsoum , Shaikh Anjum
Published: July 2021

SARS-CoV-2 causes severe acute respiratory distress and other clinical complications such as thromboembolic events and gastrointestinal tract disorders, which generally present with abdominal pain. In the case report, we describe a patient who had severe viral necrotizing pancreatitis associated with COVID-19 infection.
Highlighting the latest research: July 2021
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: July 2021

Sarah Jane Palmer presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to look at the research in further detail.