bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generative artificial intelligence and sustainable higher education: Mapping the potential
Authors: Nikolopoulou Kleopatra
Published: January 2025

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) becomes widespread in higher education, and it creates new educational possibilities, with a potential to transform the educational process and promote sustainability. This study aims to explore the potential of GAI tools such as ChatGPT in promoting sustainable higher education. ChatGPT was utilized to aid the investigation at the initial stage, while the output generated was reviewed and edited by the researcher. It is indicated that GAI’s integration into higher education can lead to advancements in sustainability, such as enhancing educational practices (e.g., personalized learning, automated assessment and feedback, and educators’ professional development), optimizing resource utilization (e.g., digital learning resources, and efficient energy use), supporting inclusive and accessible education, and promoting environmental awareness and sustainability. Through these contributions, GAI can assist in the creation of more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable educational environments. It is suggested that higher education policies are modified and re-formulated to serve sustainable development, while empirical research on GAI implementation in higher education is a necessity (most publications are theoretical/conceptual). Limitations and ethical considerations should also be addressed. The study contributes to the ongoing debate on the role of GAI for sustainability in higher education.
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Review
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Rohachova T. A. , Yankevich O. O.
Published: January 2025

According to the data, obtained in 2024, type 2 diabetes mellitus affects 8% of the global population, totaling 400 million patients worldwide. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is a very common but underestimated complication of type 2 diabetes, occurring in 60% of cases. It causes various cardiovascular diseases, which are the cause of 50­80% of deaths among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy involves the disruption of insulin’s trophic effects and the toxic effects of hyperglycemia. These disorders cause systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, reduce the synthesis and bioavailability of the vasodilator, anti­­inflammatory, and antiplatelet agent nitric oxide, inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system, and increase the activity of the sympathoadrenal and renin­­angiotensin­­aldosterone systems. Poor glycemic control, insulin resistance, a duration of diabetes of more than 15 years, visceral obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and advanced age are the most significant factors in the development and progression of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Early intensive multifactorial intervention to control all risk factors leads to a more than 50% reduction in the risk of this pathological condition. The main measures for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy are lifestyle modification and pathogenetic pharmacotherapy, which includes the use of glucagon­­like peptide­­1 receptor agonists, sodium­­dependent glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors, metformin, cardioselective β­blockers, blockers of the renin­­angiotensin­­aldosterone system, and combinations of sacubitril and valsartan.
The article provides current evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, complications, and current methods of treatment of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy.
Does legal capacity matter for inclusive economic development? Empirical evidence from Southern Africa
Authors: George Banda Lloyd
Published: January 2025

The legal capacity or, otherwise, the institutions of rule of law (RL), have become a key factor for inclusive economic development, but the main strands of the literature involve theoretically driven expectations. Therefore, the study sought to examine the impact of legal capacity on inclusive economic development in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. While extant studies focused on the effect of governance on national output, the present study goes beyond growth by including welfare indicators. The study employed a panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach for data from all 16 SADC member states from 1996 to 2019. The interpretation of results and policy implications are based on the outcomes of the pooled mean group (PMG) estimator, which was deemed by the Hausman test as the best and most efficient estimator over the MG and the DFE family of the ARDL panel estimators. The results of the restricted panel reveal that strengthening the institutions of the RL leads to an improvement in inclusive economic development among SADC states. Therefore, we argue that trade laws should be domestically integrated and embedded in SADC’s national laws, and that common courts should be set to adjudicate disagreements over compliance. We also propose that SADC introduce incentives to increase legal stakeholders' participation across the region.
Hacer de la Política una ciencia: Aproximaciones Epistemológicas
Authors: Begnini Pablo
Published: January 2025

Actualmente, el conocimiento empírico, basado en la observación y verificación de los hechos, se considera como el máximo criterio de validez en la ciencia. Esto implicó desmeritar a otros tipos de conocimiento que no recurren a la evidencia empírica, de modo que estos se estimaron como especulativos o vulgares. Esta actitud dogmática modificó radicalmente la actividad investigativa, al generar desconfianza en las disciplinas que no siguen el método científico, lo que perjudicó particularmente a las ciencias sociales. Ante estas limitaciones, el presente trabajo abogó por la necesidad de abordar el conocimiento desde una perspectiva más amplia y holística, la cual favorezca el acercamiento de los hallazgos de las ciencias sociales en la construcción de una ciencia mayormente asertiva. En este sentido, se discutieron algunas de las concepciones modernas de la teoría del conocimiento con el fin de orientar al lector hacia la perspectiva cientificista para explicar posteriormente cómo esto perdió paulatinamente credibilidad en las esferas gnoseológicas. En segundo plano, y con base en el pensamiento de autores como el filósofo Karl Popper o el historiador Thomas Kuhn, se buscó advertir cómo estas posturas resultan siempre inconclusas o reduccionistas en su afán por comprender la realidad. Finalmente, se propuso la teoría de la causalidad aristotélica como marco epistemológico para las ciencias políticas con el objeto de evitar la reducción del conocimiento a conceptos preestablecidos y enriquecer así los horizontes humanos.
Análisis Histórico, Jurídico Y Social De La Asistencia Obligatoria A Clases En La Universidad Pública Boliviana
Authors: Richard Enrique , Maillard Bauer Pedro
Published: January 2025

La asistencia obligatoria a clases teóricas (AOCT) se suprimió en la mayor parte de las universidades públicas de Latinoamérica como consecuencia de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918. El objetivo era que los buenos docentes tuvieran aulas llenas y los mediocres lo propio, quedando en evidencia su condición. En las últimas décadas, Bolivia ha implementado nuevamente la AOCT de manera gradual. En este estudio se analiza el grado de legitimidad y legalidad de la AOCT en las universidades públicas de Bolivia, considerando los antecedentes históricos del tema, la legislación nacional y los derechos humanos. Se realizan encuestas a docentes de universidades y, a partir de los resultados, se concluye que la AOCT presenta serias dudas sobre su legalidad y contiene elementos de coerción, extorsión e intimidación. Las normas instituidas de AOCT se contraponen a las leyes de orden superior y a los propios principios reformistas. Carecen de legitimidad, puesto que vulneran los principios epistemológicos de la Reforma de 1918. La AOCT vulnera los principios de democracia, equidad, inclusión, derecho al trabajo y calidad de la docencia, entre otros.
Lo político en la contemporaneidad: Aproximaciones desde la psicopolítica de Byung-Chul Han.
Authors: Ullauri Betancourt Santiago Andrés , Rivas Plata Anthony Medina , Cáceres Silva Andrea Vanessa
Published: January 2025

La noción de lo político en la era contemporánea ha desarrollado un nuevo paradigma caracterizado por el individualismo estructurado bajo el control psíquico y la auto explotación. En este contexto, Byung-Chul Han sostiene que, bajo el sistema neoliberal, el poder ya no opera mediante la disciplina física o la coerción externa, sino a través de la manipulación psicológica. El individuo es transformado en un "emprendedor de sí mismo", reduciendo la negatividad a un marco estrictamente inerte, lo que conduce a una forma más sutil de dominación en la que el individuo internaliza la lógica del rendimiento y la optimización constante. De esta manera, la psicopolítica actúa silenciosamente sobre la mente y las emociones, fomentando una auto explotación en la que el éxito personal y la productividad se convierten en imperativos. Para Han, esta lógica no solo despolitiza al individuo, sino que también elimina su capacidad de resistencia, donde el conflicto, que en las teorías clásicas de lo político es esencial, desaparece en favor de una sociedad que fomenta la competencia individual y la vigilancia digital. Ante esto, Han explora la necesidad de reconstruir lo político, buscando espacios que revitalicen la acción política a través de un cuestionamiento crítico.
Intensifying risk of mass human heat mortality if historical weather patterns recur
Authors: Callahan Christopher , Trok Jared , Wilson Andrew , Gould Carlos , Heft-Neal Sam , Diffenbaugh Noah , Burke Marshall
Published: January 2025

The potential death toll of worst-case extreme heat events is crucial for climate risk analysis and adaptation planning. We estimate this quantity for Europe using machine learning to calculate the intensity of historical heat waves if they occur at present or future global temperatures, combined with empirical exposure-response functions to quantify the resulting mortality. Each event is projected to generate tens of thousands of excess deaths. For example, if July 1994 or August 2003 meteorological conditions recur at the current global temperature anomaly of 1.5 °C, we project 14,000 or 17,300 excess deaths across Europe in a single week, respectively. At 3 °C, mortality rises to 26,800 or 31,500 per week. These death rates are comparable to peak COVID-19 mortality in Europe and are not substantially reduced by ongoing climate adaptation. Our results suggest that avoiding mass heat mortality in Europe will require significant and novel adaptation to heat.
System Identification for Small Flying-wing UAS Using Open-loop and Closed-loop Flight Data
Authors: Justin James Matt
Published: January 2025

Small unmanned aircraft systems face unique challenges in system identification due to their light weight, small size, and increased sensitivity to wind and gusts. To address these challenges, flight test procedures for sUAS system identification using open-loop and closed-loop flight data are presented. The approaches are demonstrated through system identification of a small flying-wing UAS equipped with a low-cost Pixhawk autopilot. The open-loop method is demonstrated through identification of the longitudinal bare-airframe aircraft dynamics. Longitudinal frequency responses were estimated from the open-loop flight data, and a linear state space model was identified from the estimated frequency responses and supplemental trim data, which was used to better identify parameters related to the low-frequency phugoid mode. The identified phugoid mode matches well with low-frequency oscillations measured from flight data in the time domain. The closed-loop method is demonstrated through identification of the lateral-directional dynamics. This approach is shown to improve signal-to-noise ratio and reduce deviation from the reference flight condition, which improves modeling results, and it can be used to simultaneously identify the bare-airframe, closed-loop, and broken-loop UAS dynamics from the same set of closed-loop flight data, reducing time and efforts spent flight testing. The identified lateral-directional model is compared with closed- and broken-loop frequency responses estimated from flight data. The results show excellent agreement, with all computed metrics, such as stability margins, matching within 10%, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method.
Suboptimality in foraging and its association with age and mental health factors
Authors: Wolpe Noham , Scott Daniel , Salomon Mordechai L. , Nassar Matt R. , Fletcher Paul , Fernandez-Egea Emilio
Published: January 2025

People constantly decide how much time to invest in more versus less rewarding activities. Foraging tasks, during which participants visit contexts with diminishing reward rates, examine this type of decision-making by measuring when individuals choose to switch contexts. It is widely known that humans and other animals perform suboptimally in these tasks. However, the precise nature of this suboptimality, and its links to other behaviourally relevant traits, remain unclear. Here, we developed a foraging task to disambiguate the impacts of initial reward rates and reward rate changes. We investigated how foraging behaviour differs with age and relates to apathy and depression, which are key factors known to influence reward-based decision-making, while controlling for cognitive factors. In addition to overstaying, we found that participants performed more suboptimally as reward decay rate increased, and that many participants expressed a heuristic preference for staying in the single best condition. Moreover, overstaying was strongly associated with higher scaling of stay durations to each condition, and this overstaying/scaling behaviour was positively associated with age but negatively associated with depressive symptoms. No associations were found between foraging behaviour and apathy. Together, our results suggest that people may counterproductively interpret staying in a patch as persistence in reward extraction, which would explain the tight link between overstaying but high sensitivity to reward conditions, and their association with depressive symptoms.
Integrating Language Model Embeddings into the ACT-R Cognitive Modeling Framework
Authors: Meghdadi Maryam , Duff John , Demberg Vera
Published: January 2025

We use the ACT-R cognitive modeling framework to simulate the associative priming effect in lexical decision tasks, where prior exposure to a prime word influences response times to a target word, depending on the degree of semantic association between them. Currently, ACT-R relies on manually coded similarity scores, which are labor-intensive and prone to inaccuracies, especially for large vocabularies. In this study, we replace these hand-coded relationships with language model embedding vectors, including Word2Vec, along with state-of-the-art large language models such as BERT and Gemma, to enhance both the accuracy and scalability of the model. Our results demonstrate a strong correlation between ACT-R predictions and observed human response times from a dataset. We see this as a positive proof of concept for how embedding vectors can be integrated within algorithmic-level models of language processing.
Olfactory spatial memory: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Szychowska Malina , Olofsson Jonas , Cedres Nira
Published: January 2025

The human sense of smell is extraordinarily sensitive, and a main purpose of olfaction is to localize food sources. Yes, little is known about human spatial memory for odors and the existing literature has never been summarized. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the evidence regarding human abilities to memorize arrangements of objects or routes based on olfactory cues, and compared results to those of other senses. We followed the PRISMA guidelines, searching three databases (PubMed, WoS, Scopus). Using manual and automated (ASReview) screening methods, we identified 23 articles that complied with our inclusion criteria. Four key results emerged. First, odors can be used as landmarks in the formation of neuro-cognitive maps in both sensory and cognitive brain areas, providing a foundation for spatial memory and navigation abilities. Second, the human ability to memorize locations of odors, especially cues signaling high-calorie food, is indicative of its presumed evolutionary role in foraging. Third, some evidence suggests that odor-recognition and odor-context-place association stem from overlapping memory processes. Fourth, olfactory targeted training enhances olfactory spatial memory and shows transfer to other modalities and cognitive domains. Seven articles that compared performances in olfactory versus visual spatial memory were eligible for meta-analysis, which showed that olfactory spatial memory is less effective than visual memory. We suggest that addressing methodological variations across studies and investigating the neural mechanisms will be pivotal for further advancing this research field.
Weighting waiting: A decision-theoretic taxonomy of delay, pacing and procrastination
Authors: Chebolu Sahiti , Dayan Peter
Published: January 2025

Why do today, what you can fail to do tomorrow? Pacing styles involving postponing, and ultimately procrastinating tasks are widespread pathologies to which many succumb. Previous research has recognised multiple types of delayed working, influenced by a myriad of psychological and situational factors. However, the main mechanistic explanation for delays, which concerns temporal discounting of distant rewards, only encompasses a subset. Further, investigations of pacing have been rather independent from those of procrastination. Here, we introduce a systematic taxonomy of pacing and procrastination within a common framework that is based on the type of temporal decisions involved in choosing to delay. We suggest that these decisions are driven by characteristics of the task and the (sub-)optimality of the decision-making. We illustrate aspects of the taxonomy by simulating diverse sources of behavioral delay using reinforcement learning models. We also analyse whether students pacing their work through a semester in a real-world task (Zhang & Ma, Scientific Reports, 2024) showany evidence of behaving according to the types detailed in our taxonomy. Our approach provides a theoretical foundation for understanding pacing and procrastination, enabling the integration of both established and novel mechanisms within a unified conceptual framework.
Corporate Information Disclosure for Sustainable Financial Investment: Challenges and Contradictions in Reporting the ‘S’ in ESG in South Korea
Authors: Matanle Peter , Shin Yejin , Jun Hannah , Fakharuzi Zhamayne , Li Yang , Bradley Jonathan , McCafferty Jim
Published: January 2025

Demand for corporate sustainability information disclosure is surging, driven by growing expectations from investors, regulators, and the public. Stakeholders seek such information for three key reasons: to mitigate financial and reputational risks stemming from unethical corporate conduct; to leverage economic opportunities arising from the evolving global economy; and to promote socio-environmental sustainability. We investigate ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) information disclosure and reporting practices among South Korea’s largest publicly traded companies from 2018 to 2023. We focus on corporate reporting on employment practices within the ‘S’ pillar of the ESG framework. Through a simultaneous convergent mixed methods research design combining quantitative analysis of disclosed data with qualitative insights from corporate stakeholders, we highlight significant challenges and contradictions in ESG reporting within an East Asian context. These stem from regulatory ambiguities, socio-political and cultural barriers, and the absence of standardized and reliable disclosure frameworks. Our research proposes a contextualized ESG disclosure framework that integrates local cultural and regulatory norms with global sustainability standards. This not only advances theoretical understanding of ESG reporting in non-Western contexts but provides practical guidance for firms seeking to enhance transparency, meet investor expectations, and drive corporate sustainability.
Economic Perspectives of the Inaugural Speeches of Barack Obama and Donald Trump
Authors: Budhathoki Krishna Hari
Published: January 2025

Barack Obama and Donald Trump, former presidents of the U.S.A., played a crucial role in driving economic development through their inaugural addresses and public communication. By articulating development agendas and fostering public support through their speeches, they create a conducive environment for policy approval and implementation. They set the tone for the development agenda, emphasizing key priorities and outlining strategies for achieving them. Their speeches serve as primary instruments for conveying development visions, inspiring collective actions, and identifying gaps in economic progress to meet the set goals. Hence, the major aim of the paper is to comprehensively examine the relationship between leadership rhetoric and economic development by employing a mixed-methods approach combining thematic, descriptive, and quantitative analyses. The findings elucidate the interplay among leadership rhetoric, policy implementation, and economic outcomes, giving more priority to economic stability, sustainable growth, and broad-based prosperity despite rhetorical differences. The study concludes that there are valuable insights into leadership roles in economic development. Hence, leaders play a big role in economic development. Adapting these lessons can help various nations like Nepal to achieve sustainable development and improve the well-being of their citizens.
Assessment of the prevalence and severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in retina department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Bishnu Prasad Nau  , Ramesh Chandra Giri  , Dikshya Khadka  , Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav  , Raman Kumar Gurmaita
Published: January 2025

Background & Objectives: One of the most dangerous microvascular effects of diabetes mellitus is diabetic retinopathy, which harms the blood vessels that supply the light-sensitive tissue in the rear of the eye. The changing pattern of lifestyle and advancement of technology, type 2 diabetes mellitus has become more common. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes who visited the Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center retina department.
Results: It was found that 115 of the 725 participants in the study had type 2 diabetes. The average age of participants was found as 54.6 ±8.889 years. Among 115 type 2 diabetic patients, 15.86% of participants were observed having diabetic retinopathy.  The 34.8% of participants had history of less than five, and 65.2% had history of more than five years, of type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was more common in men than in women.   Out of the 230 eyes, 57.82% had diabetic maculopathy, 20.9% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 7.4% had Advanced Diabetic Eye Disease, and 8.7% had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Conclusion: The present study found that people with type 2 diabetes had a higher prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy with a higher male-to-female ratio.
Remembering the Late Prof. Dr. Ram Kewal Shah: the first Vice Chancellor of MIHS
Authors: Hem Shankar Yadav  , Khushbu Yadav  , Ramesh Nayak
Published: January 2025

N/A
Study of Outcome of Severe Head Injury Using Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil (GCS-P) Score- A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: KC Raj Kumar , Thapa Diwas , Shrestha Sanjay , Chaudhary Sudip , Gautam Nischal
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injuries are typically characterized as disruptions in brain function or evidence of brain pathology resulting from external forces. Given the signiﬁcant mortality associated with traumatic brain injury, this  study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil score in outcome of severe head injury patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted at Neurosurgery Department at UCMS, Bhairahawa, Nepal from October, 2021 to March, 2023 (18 months). All the patients presenting in the emergency department with severe traumatic brain injury i.e., Glasgow Coma Scale score 3 to 8 were enrolled  in the study after obtaining written consent from parents.
RESULTS Out of 92 patients , 79 were male and 13 were female. The average age was 37.88 ± 16.06 years with most of the patients being from the age groups 31-40 years (25%). The results showed that about 83.8% mortality was found in both pupils non-reactive followed by 66.7% mortality in groups with one pupil unreactive  and 61.8% mortality in both reactive pupils.The results showed an overall mortality of 71.7%. Among 28.3% of surviving patients, 57.69% patients had unfavorable outcomes and 42.31% patients had  favorable outcomes. The  receiver operating characteristic curve showed that  the  Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil score is better than the Glasgow Coma Scale in predicting unfavorable outcomes of patients with an Area under the curve of 0.807 to 0.689.
CONCLUSION The decline in the Glasgow Coma Scale-pupil score was associated with increased mortality and the additional two points in the Glasgow Coma Scale-pupil score gives more idea about the prognosis. Glasgow Coma Scale-pupil score is comparable to Glasgow Coma Scale for predicting mortality but better for predicting unfavorable outcomes in severe head injury patients.
Training Workshop on Conducting Workplace-Based Assessment (WPBA) Using Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) Tool
Authors: Piryani Rano Mal , Piryani Suneel , Soomro Abdul Ghani
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION Mini-Clinical  Evaluation  Exercise  (mini-CEX)  is  one  of  the  valid,  reliable,  feasible  and  effective  tools  used  for workplace-based assessment (WPBA). Faculty development is essential to train the assessors for successful implementation. Bilwal Medical College, a constituent college of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan organized a one-day Training Workshop (TW) on “Conducting WPBA using mini-CEX tool” for clinical faculty members.
MATERIAL AND METHODS The objectives of this descriptive cross-sectional study were to 1) report brief description of the TW and process of group-work practice session; 2) assess feedback of the participants at New World Kirkpatrick’s Model (NWKM) level I and II and 3) assess the cognition of participants about miniCEX using pretest-posttest. Feedback of the participants was taken on the valid questionnaire. Pretest and posttest were done utilizing the same format. Narrative description of the proceedings and process documented. Data of the feedback, pretest and posttest was analyzed with SPSS for central tendency and paired t-test was used for comparison.
RESULTS Description of TW is documented in methods section of this article. Rating of the participants for attributes (usefulness, content, relevance, facilitation and overall) of TW and practice session on scale 1-10 (1=poor; 10=excellent) were remarkable. Signiﬁcant enhancement (p<0.001) in the level of knowledge and understanding was perceived by the participants regarding the performance-based assessment (PBA), WPBA and utility of mini-CEX as a tool for assessment. The participants perceived signiﬁcant (p<0.001) positive change in the level of conﬁdence for conducting WPBA utilizing the miniCEX tool. The cognition of the participants was signiﬁcantly (p<0.003) improved after participation in the TW revealed in pretest-posttest analysis.
CONCLUSION Based on the ﬁndings of results, this TW was successful in educating medical faculty members about the utility of training for conducting WPBA, speciﬁcally with miniCEX tool.
Elderly Life in a Changing Society: A Case Study of Sahid Lakhan Gaupalika, Gorkha
Authors: K.C. Arjun
Published: January 2025

The contemporary society, the elderly continue experiencing various challenges and wins due to rapid social transformations. This research explored the geriatric respondents’ quality of life in the context of dynamic social change in Sahid Lakhan Gaupalika, Gorkha, Nepal. With a convenience sample of 37 elderly participants, this qualitative study examined the impact of socio-economic change on the participants’ quality of life, more specifically in the areas of health, social support, financial stability, and healthcare insurance. The challenges learnt about older persons were; poor health with half of the elderly persons having no access to health facilities. 65% reporting inadequate facilities. Social isolation affected 54. 5 percent by the result of the migration phenomenon of young family members to urban areas. Economic instability was observable manifested in that 51 percent of the households experienced some form of economic turnover. 35% of the households reported that they had no regular sources of income, 27. 03% depended on pensions and 21. 62% on remittances. However, the backbone of help came from within the community structures and non-governmental organizations as 37. 31% regard themselves as connected with their community or else strongly connected and ... 84% of those respondents. 43 percent of which they get assistance from local actors.
This paper proves that friend and neighbor support systems are crucial in preventing negative change effects experienced by the elderly population. It identified the need for better health care facilities, strong supporting frameworks for promoting the elderly’s quality of life and strong economic policies for the advancement of the elderly living poor rural life in Nepal. Such ideas are crucial for policy makers, social workers and other organizations that want to develop and implement efficient related programs and policies on similar environments for the elderly.
Edukasi Tantangan Transformasi Digital di Dunia Bisnis pada Masyarakat Dapil Sumatera Selatan 2
Authors: Sejahtera Surbakti Feliks Prasepta
Published: January 2025

Digital transformation has become an essential aspect of economic development and modern society, especially in Indonesia, which is currently a leading player in the ASEAN digital economy. A 2022 study by Google Temasek Bain & Company showed that Indonesia contributes around 40% of the total value of digital economy transactions in ASEAN. One of the challenges of digital transformation in Indonesia lies in the use of information and communication technology in business processes and community activities. This community service project aims to analyze the main challenges in digital transformation in Indonesia's business sector, particularly in utilizing information and communication technology to improve business efficiency. The method used is a national webinar-based community service involving legislators, academics, and practitioners, with an awareness-raising approach through presentations and interactive discussions. The results of this activity show that public awareness of the challenges of digital transformation increased by 70%, with participants gaining a better understanding of the importance of strategies in utilizing digital technologies, such as social media, data analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI). In conclusion, digital transformation is an urgent necessity to enhance business competitiveness in the digital economy era, with the involvement of diverse stakeholders being key to addressing these challenges.
Cultural Diversity: Inclusion and Integration Through Education
Authors: Figueroa Castellanos Dalila
Published: January 2025

Society as a whole is complex and contradictory, as is man himself, and it will be vital for the purposes of achieving true inclusion through education to address those problems that constitute discriminatory treatment in different social spaces, such as valuing individuals by the color of their skin. From these perspectives, the objective of the research is to promote anti-racist education by incorporating the historical approach, scientific culture and real humanism as theoretical and practical premises, since in its dialectical unity anti-racism emerges as a value, a purpose of great interest for the Caribbean region, where still in different degrees of intensity there is a tendency to divide society between whites, mestizos and blacks and even non-whites marked by many years of discrimination remain in the lower levels of society.
Outbreak of Norovirus Infection in the Hematology Department of a Children's Multidisciplinary Hospital
Authors: Davydova M. A. , Bryukhanova G. D. , Gorodin V. N.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Noroviruses are currently considered the most common cause of sporadic cases and community-acquired outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide [1]. However, outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are also often caused by norovirus etiology [2], including in the Russian Federation [3].Aim. Analysis of key aspects of prevention and anti-epidemic measures against norovirus infection (NVI) in the hematology department.Materials and methods. The following epidemiological research methods were used: descriptive (intensity, dynamics, spatial characteristics of the NVI outbreak); analytical – longitudinal cohort study of the epidemic process of HAI – assessment of hypotheses about the causes and conditions, risk factors and routes of transmission of norovirus among patients and caregivers in the oncohematology department of the children's multidisciplinary hospital.Results and discussion. An outbreak of acute norovirus gastroenteritis of an imported nature was identified in the oncohematology department of a children's multidisciplinary hospital in February 2023, an analysis of the spread of NVI was carried out: the presumed source and mechanism of transmission of norovirus infection was established; the chronology of the spread of norovirus among patients and their caregivers is shown, a list of anti-epidemic measures taken to stop the outbreak is presented, and the difficulties of verifying the epidemiological diagnosis of HAI are reflected (based on the efficiency of laboratory testing of material from patients).Conclusion. Based on the results of the activities carried out, recommendations were proposed for improving preventive and anti-epidemic measures for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children's oncohematology departments.
Modelo del docente: Profesionalización y mejora del desempeño pedagógico y tecnológico
Authors: Paredes Mena Kerly , Salazar Menéndez Jessica Patricia , Simancas Ordóñez Letty Guicela
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El desarrollo de competencias pedagógicas y tecnológicas en los docentes de salud es crucial para enfrentar los desafíos de la educación contemporánea. Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo diseñar un modelo pedagógico para los docentes de la coordinación de salud en la educación Técnica y Tecnológica, centrado en mejorar su desempeño profesional y tecnológico. Metodología: La metodología incluyó el uso de encuestas, entrevistas y observación directa para evaluar el estado actual de las competencias docentes en el área Técnica. Resultados: Los resultados muestran una falta de preparación pedagógica y competencias digitales, lo que limita la capacidad de los docentes para guiar de manera efectiva el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Se propuso un modelo basado en el desarrollo de competencias pedagógicas y tecnológicas, la educación continua y la vinculación entre docencia, atención médica y sociedad. Discusión: La discusión enfatiza la importancia de la profesionalización docente para asegurar una educación integral, que permita a los estudiantes enfrentar los desafíos del sector salud. Conclusión: Se concluye que la implementación del modelo propuesto puede mejorar significativamente la calidad de la educación Técnica y Tecnológica, favoreciendo el desempeño docente y, en consecuencia, el éxito de los estudiantes en el ámbito sanitario.
Sacra virginitas na przykładzie św. Agnieszki Rzymianki w świetle wybranych źródeł wczesnochrześcijańskich (IV–V w.)
Authors: Piechocka-Kłos Maria
Published: January 2025

W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę ukazania postaci św. Agnieszki w kontekście analizy zagadnienia sacra virginitas w wybranych źródłach wczesnochrześcijańskich z IV i V w. W pierwszej części analizie poddano dwa teksty z grona wielkich pisarzy kościelnych, zaś w drugiej dwa teksty poezji chrześcijańskiej w stylu klasycznym. Najpierw odniesiono się do retorycznego tekstu św. Ambrożego De virginibus i Listu 130. Do Demetriady (O zachowaniu dziewictwa), napisanego przez św. Hieronima. Analizie poddano także epigramat papieża Damazego oraz Hymn XIV z Liber Peristephanon Prudencjusza. Zwięzłe opracowanie historycznych danych biograficznych, uzupełnione legendarnymi wątkami zachowanymi w tradycyjnych przekazacho św. Agnieszce, pomoże pełniej zaprezentować badane zagadnienie. Niniejsze opracowanie z pewnością jest ciekawym uzupełnieniem badań nad postacią św. Agnieszki i analizą pojęcia sacra virginitas.
Troska o małżeństwo i rodzinę w posłudze duszpasterza policji
Authors: Czupryński Wojsław
Published: January 2025

Gwałtowne zmiany zachodzące w wielu dziedzinach życia niosą zazwyczaj poczucie zagubienia i niepewności. Dotyczy to także środowiska rodzin policjantek i policjantów, którzy z uwagi na charakter pracy jeszcze bardziej są narażeni na skutki negatywnych zjawisk społeczno-kulturowych. Duszpasterstwo policji, jeśli chce być skuteczne i wiarygodne, musi uchwycić istotne elementy dokonujących się procesów. W artykule wskazano na kierunki duszpasterstwa policji w służbie rodzin. Za priorytetowe uznano przywrócenie zaufania do Kościoła, cierpliwe towarzyszenie rodzinompolicyjnym. Duszpasterstwo policji, jak i duszpasterstwo rodzin policjantów powinnomieć wymiar ewangelizacyjny. Dowartościować należy systematyczną formację, która prowadzi do żywej wiary i osobistej relacji z Bogiem oraz pogłębia więź ze wspólnotą Kościoła. Wobec współczesnych przemian kulturowych i religijnych za ważne uznać należy przepowiadanie kerygmatyczne, wspólnotowy wymiar przekazu wiary oraz kierownictwo duchowe i poradnictwo rodzinne.
Restorative Experiences of Regenerative Environments
Authors: France Robert , Braiden Heather
Published: January 2025

Environmental health influences personal wellbeing through direct experience. Despite this, the focus of the literature on the regeneration and reuse of post- industrial sites considers them as biophysical spaces studied conceptually rather than as places of physical engagement. The literature lacks an embodied perspective and presents such landscapes as sensorially impoverished. Narrative scholarship counters this shortcoming by employing phenomenology, thick description, and immersive walking. Although landscape archaeology, autoethnography, and anthropology apply these approaches, the methodology has rarely been applied to environmental “restoration” projects. This article reviews the literature and proposes a methodology for studying post-industrial sites based on sensorial “mind walking.” The approach enables a better understanding of the reclamation process and offers lessons for professionals building restorative experiences.
A note on Stancu operators with three parameters
Authors: Bascanbaz-Tunca Gulen
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we consider the sequence of positive linear operators Lα,βn,r depending on three non-negative parameters; an integer r and two reals α and β such that α ≤ β, constructed by Stancu. We consider a Kantorovich-type generalization of Stancu’s operators and investigate their convergence properties in Lp-norm. Finally, we observe variation detracting property for the Stancu operator and its Kantorovich modification. Moreover, we show that the Stancu operator satisfies an inequality that we call variation detracting when the attached function is of bounded p-variation in the sense of Riesz.
Bounds of curvatures for submanifolds of product spaces
Authors: Jabeen Z. , Lone M.A. , Sharma S.
Published: January 2025

The paper is devoted to the study of bounds for the normalized scalar curvature and the generalized normalized δ-Casorati curvatures for submanifolds of product spaces.
Pondering with Örö Pines
Authors: Arlander Annette
Published: January 2025

This text presents talking with trees as a method of generating material for artistic and other research purposes based on conversations with pine trees recorded in May 2022 on Örö Island in southwestern Finland. Addressing one pine tree a day for six consecutive days as part of the project Pondering with Pines was an experiment that resulted in video works and podcast episodes. The perspective was human centred and subjective while also subjectifying the trees. In this context, the focus is on talking with trees as an undisciplinary method adaptable to other circumstances.
Exploring the Long-Term Impacts of Out-of-School Arts Participation Among Marginalized Youth
Authors: Nelligan Pariece , DiGiacomo Daniela , Chew Phebe , Sefton-Green Julian , Peppler Kylie , Mejias Sam
Published: January 2025

The benefit of participating in Out-of-School Time (OST) arts programs has been widely documented in studies that often reflect impact over short timeframes. Youth arts organisations often bear extraordinary claims about the impact of programs, and the value they hold especially in the lives of those who face difficult social circumstances. This paper reports the findings of a systematic review examining the long-term impacts of participating in arts-based OST programs with a particular focus on the experiences of marginalized youth. It provides a nuanced account of the field from the viewpoint of various research disciplines and develops an understanding of how researchers and/or program evaluators approach the challenges of long-term data collection in the face of time and resource constraint. Our review provides an overview of the way arts participation is measured and the types of subjective impacts that emerge as a result. Consequently, we develop a more comprehensive understanding of what constitutes arts education and learning in contemporary life, and a record of the types of impacts that generate change from a long-term perspective.
The influence of the architectural environment on the development of children with special needs
Authors: Osychanskyi Viktor
Published: January 2025

The publication examines the impact of the architectural environment on the development of children with special needs. It analyzes how properly designed spaces can contribute to the physical, emotional, social and cognitive development of such children. Particular attention is paid to universal design, which ensures accessibility, safety and comfort for all users. The publication also discusses specific examples of architectural solutions that facilitate the integration of children with special needs into society, reduce stress and increase their motivation to learn and socialize. The study confirms the importance of taking into account architectural aspects when creating an inclusive environment that promotes the harmonious development of children with special needs. The topic of the influence of the architectural environment on the development of children with special needs is extremely relevant, since the architectural environment that takes into account the needs of children with disabilities promotes their social integration and equal opportunities in learning and development. This includes the accessibility of buildings, classrooms, playgrounds, and other spaces. An accessible and comfortable environment has a positive effect on children's emotional state, reducing stress and anxiety. This contributes to better adaptation and socialization. Implementation of universal design principles in educational institutions provides a comfortable and safe environment for all children, regardless of their physical abilities. This includes the use of special furniture, adapted teaching materials and technologies. In Ukraine, there are regulations governing accessibility and universal design in educational institutions. This helps to create conditions for equal access to education for all children. These aspects emphasize the importance of creating an architectural environment that takes into account the needs of children with special needs for their harmonious development and integration into society.
Design of radio communication modules for UAVs using atypical frequencies
Authors: Khlaponin Yurii , Myronenko Volodymyr
Published: January 2025

The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has demonstrated a significant transformation in warfare, as traditional military strategies are increasingly supplemented by digital technologies, particularly unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This article explores the design of radio communication modules for UAVs operating on non-standard frequencies, addressing the challenges posed by Russian electronic warfare (EW) tactics, which systematically disrupt conventional civilian radio frequencies. By leveraging alternative frequencies, UAVs can maintain reliable communication even in electronically hostile environments. The paper provides an overview of current UAV communication systems, such as ExpressLRS (ELRS), and their limitations in modern combat scenarios. It further details the technical process of designing custom transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) modules using LoRa (Long Range) technology and components like the LILYGO® TTGO LoRa32 V2 board. Emphasis is placed on the importance of selecting appropriate RF chips, amplifiers, antennas, and filters to optimize performance in frequencies, such as 433 MHz, less affected by electronic warfare. This approach enables the development of robust, adaptive communication systems, offering greater flexibility and independence for UAVs in critical operational contexts. The article concludes by highlighting the potential for further system refinements and future scalability for military use.
Metadata Conditioning Accelerates Language Model Pre-training
Authors: Gao Tianyu , Wettig Alexander , He Luxi , Dong Yihe , Malladi Sadhika , Chen Danqi
Published: January 2025

The vast diversity of styles, domains, and quality levels present in language model pre-training corpora is essential in developing general model capabilities, but efficiently learning and deploying the correct behaviors exemplified in each of these heterogeneous data sources is challenging. To address this, we propose a new method, termed MEtadata COnditioning then COoldown (MECO), to incorporate additional learning cues during pre-training. MeCo first provides metadata (e.g., URLs like en.wikipedia.org) alongside the text during training and later uses a cooldown phase with only the standard text, thereby enabling the model to function normally even without metadata. MeCo significantly accelerates pre-training across different model scales (600M to 8B parameters) and training sources (C4, RefinedWeb, and DCLM). For instance, a 1.6B language model trained with MeCo matches the downstream task performance of standard pre-training while using 33% less data. Additionally, MeCo enables us to steer language models by conditioning the inference prompt on either real or fabricated metadata that encodes the desired properties of the output: for example, prepending wikipedia.org to reduce harmful generations or factquizmaster.com (fabricated) to improve common knowledge task performance. We also demonstrate that MeCo is compatible with different types of metadata, such as model-generated topics. MeCo is remarkably simple, adds no computational overhead, and demonstrates promise in producing more capable and steerable language models.1