bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D
Authors: Sharaf Elshahat A , Marzouk Hamdy F , Abdelmageed Walaa M , Gaballah Mohammad A
Published: May 2023

Background:

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous apparatus. Vitamin D controls the immune system and the proliferation and differentiation of sebocytes and keratinocytes. In addition, it has antioxidant and anti-comedogenic properties. In vitro studies showed that Vitamin D had a functional part in the acne development. Serum Vitamin D levels were previously estimated in AV patients with conflicting results.

Objective:

To compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) serum level in AV patients with healthy controls and to assess the association between 25(OH) D and disease severity to detect any possible role of Vitamin D in AV pathogenesis and treatment.

Materials and Methods:

25 (OH) D levels were estimated in 80 AV patients and 40 age- and sex-matched controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbemt assay technique.

Results:

25(OH) D serum levels were significantly lower in patients as compared to controls. Although of no statistical significances, serum 25(OH) D levels were lower in severe and very severe cases than mild and moderate cases. There was significant negative correlation between serum 25(OH) D level and age of onset of AV. However, there were nonsignificant correlations between 25(OH) D blood levels and other patients' characters such as age, sex, occupation, duration of the disease, family history of AV, body mass index, and sites of the lesions.

Conclusions:

Vitamin D may have a role in the pathogenesis of in AV patients. Further studies on a larger number of patients are recommended to confirm the validity of our results and to evaluate the therapeutic role of Vitamin D supplementation or topical vitamin analogs in acne treatment.
Temporal Triangular Alopecia: A Rare Entity
Authors: Jain Sonia P , Bansode Dhavalkumar Shivram , Deshmukh Artilata
Published: May 2023

Congenital triangular alopecia (CTA) presents as a localized nonscarring patch of alopecia. It is likely to be confused with alopecia areata. The case is being reported to increase awareness and familiarize clinicians about this rare condition of CTA which closely mimics alopecia areata and also to prevent indiscriminate use of both topical and systemic steroids.
Poroid Hidradenoma over Dorsum of the Hand
Authors: Somaiah A Savitha , Reddy R Raghunath , Apoorva H , Eshwari L
Published: May 2023

Poroid hidradenoma is a rare, benign cutaneous neoplasm which presents as a solitary swelling. It has eccrine differentiation with features of both hidradenoma and poroma. We hereby present a case of a 50-year-old female patient with a slowly growing asymptomatic lesion over the dorsum of the left hand for 1½ years. Histopathology was consistent with poroid hidradenoma. The hidradenoma component consists of solid and cystic areas and poroma by poroid and cuticular cells. There was no recurrence of the lesion after 1 year of follow-up. Very few cases of poroid hidradenoma have been reported in the literature.
A Compendium of Common Signs in Dermoscopy, Trichoscopy, and Onychoscopy
Authors: Bose Shiti , Khandare Manish , Kulkarni Dipak , Joseph Jebin
Published: May 2023

Epiluminescence microscopy, also known as dermoscopy (or dermatoscopy), is a noninvasive tool which helps in identifying features which may not be visible to the unaided eye. Dermoscopic signs in dermatology, trichology, and onychology are evolving concepts for ease in diagnosis of certain dermatological disorders. Although all these signs have been published in different articles and texts as a scattered information, this article intends to consolidate the pertinent signs and create an easy reference for dermatologists in order to establish prompt diagnosis during their busy schedules.
Correlation of Contact Sensitization to Common Allergens with Disease Severity in Discoid Eczema
Authors: Raheja Aishwarya , Kumar Ajay , Jadhav Avinash , Deora Mahendra Singh , Mathias Dipti , Agrawal Prachi , Ranpariya Rahul
Published: May 2023

Background:

Discoid eczema, defined by well-demarcated round or oval plaques, is a form of endogenous eczema in which the role of contact allergens is not clearly established.

Objectives:

This study aims to assess the role of contact allergens in discoid eczema by patch testing, determine clinical relevance and correlate patch test reactivity with the severity of disease and atopy.

Materials and Methods:

Sample characteristics including occupation, atopic diathesis and clinical details were recorded. Disease severity was assessed by the Eczema and Area Severity Index (EASI) and patch testing carried out with the Indian Standard Battery. Relevance of patch tests was determined by a history of exposure and patch testing with patients' own materials.

Results:

Fifty-one patients having a median age of 38 years were enrolled out of which 31 (60.8%) were male. Patch tests were reactive in 25 (49%) patients, common sensitizers being fragrance mix in 9 (31.0%), potassium dichromate in 4 (13.8%), paraphenylenediamine in 4 (13.8%), and nickel in 3 (10.3%) cases. Clinical relevance was established in 11 (37.9%) cases. In patch test reactive patients the mean EASI score was 3.4 as compared with 4.5 in nonreactors. Patch tests were positive in 3 (25%) atopic as compared with 22 (56.4%) nonatopic patients.

Conclusion:

Contact sensitization to common allergens may not contribute to disease severity in discoid eczema. Patch test reactivity is low in atopic as compared with nonatopic patients with discoid eczema.
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Overlap in an HIV Seropositive Male with Diffuse Large “B” Cell Lymphoma – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bhatt Neelam Kumari , Belgaumkar Vasudha A , Chavan Ravindranath B , Deshmukh Nitika S
Published: May 2023

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction with varied presentations. We report a rare case of DRESS syndrome with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) overlap associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A 52-year-old male with retroviral disease presented with fever and diffuse skin peeling with mucosal erosions. The patient was on antitubercular therapy (ATT) for 1 month for suspected tubercular cervical lymphadenitis. He had facial edema, extensive skin tenderness, and denudation with a positive Nikolsky’s sign, icterus, hepatosplenomegaly and multiple enlarged immobile nontender cervical, and axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. Investigations showed leukocytosis with hepatic and renal dysfunction. Skin histopathology was consistent with TEN. Based on Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction criteria, a diagnosis of ATT-induced DRESS with TEN overlap was made. Cervical lymph node biopsy and immunohistochemistry confirmed diffuse large B-cell NHL. ATT was withheld and the patient was treated with systemic steroids and assessed for initiation of chemotherapy. The profound immunological dysregulation in individuals with retroviral disease leads to varied clinical presentations, increasing the chances of diagnostic errors, and culminating in challenging scenarios. Therefore, seemingly innocuous symptoms and signs warrant thorough evaluation. Sound clinical acumen and prompt investigations for unusual causes such as malignancies can improve outcomes by aiding accurate diagnosis as well as avert untoward complications such as DRESS syndrome/TE.
Magnitude and Determinants of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia Patients Visiting a Geriatric Psychiatry Clinic in a Rural Medical College
Authors: Mishra Kshirod Kumar , Reshamvala Ahmed Mushtaq , Sathe Harshal Shriram
Published: May 2023

Background:

The proportion of elderly people in the Indian population is increasing, thereby making dementia a major public health concern. The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are deleterious to the illness course in dementia. The characteristics and sociodemographic and clinical correlates of BPSD is an understudied area.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective cross-sectional observational descriptive study conducted in a public hospital. Hospital records of 97 dementia patients who visited the geriatric clinic in the time span of 20 months were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 69.9 ± 8.50 years, majority being males (72%). Sleep disturbance (75.3%), changes in psychomotor activity (55.7%), and irritability (45.3%) were the most common behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with dementia. Apathy was seen in 39% of patients, whereas the proportion of patients with depression and anxiety was 26% and 35%, respectively. Psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations were seen in approximately 24% and 15.5% of patients, respectively. The psychotic symptoms showed a significant association with lower levels of education, whereas apathy was negatively associated with age. Females had a higher likelihood of having psychotic symptoms as compared to males.

Conclusion:

In the present study, the frequency and association of neuropsychiatric symptoms with demographic variables have been described in dementia patients visiting a public hospital in rural India. Among BPSD, sleep and motor disturbances were most frequent whereas agitation/aggression was least frequent. The age, education level, and gender differences noted in the individual symptoms need to be confirmed in further studies with better design.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Parents About Sex Education of Their Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Ahmad Wasim , Nazli  , Chavan B. S.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Awareness among parents having children with intellectual disabilities has been a major concern for the last many decades. Despite several policies and plans of the government somehow, the desired awareness among the parents has not yet been created.

Objective:

The objective of this study was conducted to find out the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward sex education among parents having children with intellectual disability.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and thirty parents of children with intellectual disability (irrespective of severity) using a random sampling technique were selected. To assess the KAP of parents scale named Awareness on Sexual Education for Parents of Intellectually Challenged Children developed by Lakshmi and Navya (2014) and published by National Psychological Corporation, Agra, India, was used.

Results:

The result reveals no significant difference in the KAP, respectively, among parents w.r.t. their gender. Significant difference in the knowledge (t = 3.58) and attitude (t = 2.82) was noticed w.r.t. education. In the KAP, respectively, a significant difference (t = 2.95; t = 2.22 and t = 3.06) was found among parents toward sex education w.r.t. their income. The overall awareness (KAP) w.r.t. education (t = 3.62) and income (t = 3.82) reveals significant difference but not w.r.t. gender. The analysis reveals a significant positive correlation of knowledge with attitude (r = 0.453), knowledge with practice (r = 0.233), and attitude with practice (r = 0.252).

Conclusion:

Based on the findings, the study concludes that gender has no role to play in imparting sex education to children with intellectual disability. However, education and income may contribute significantly to the awareness among parents of children with intellectual disability.
Expression of p53 as Potential Biomarker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Kamala K. A. , Kanetkar Sujata R. , Datkhile Kailash D. , Sankethguddad S.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is potentially malignant disorder known to transform into oral cancer. The malignant transformation is often associated with changes at the genetic level that in turn is reflected by the altered expression of proteins related to cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the common findings in human cancers including the oral cancer. Therefore, the early detection of potentially malignant OSMF has been crucial in the inhibition of oral cancer.

Aim and Objectives:

To determine the main pathological logical factors and expression of aberrant p53 in OSMF, oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and in normal patients, to study correlation between p53 expression with clinical staging and histological grading of OSMF.

Materials and Methods:

An immunohistochemical (IHC) study was performed for p53 expression on 35 cases of OSMF, 10 cases of OSCC with history of habits and 10 normal patients without any habits.

Results:

The expression of p53 showed a significant difference between normal oral mucosa, OSMF and OSCC samples.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated a high incidence of p53 over expression in OSMF and OSCC. The results indicate that p53 over expression may play a role in pathogenesis of OSMF and in the development of Oral squamous cell carcinoma. With early detection of the high-risk patients with OSMF, we can expect to develop more intensive treatment modalities, leading to the reduction in cancer transformation rate from OSMF.
A review of the physiological effects of Suryanamaskar in children
Authors: Kanojia Abhijeet K. , Bagwe Hiranmayee S. , Agarwal Bela M.
Published: May 2023

Increasing physical inactivity in children necessitates the exploration of physical activities that can confer health benefits. The purpose of this study was to review the literature regarding the physiological benefits of Suryanamaskar, a composite yogasana on physical fitness in children. Primary source articles in English, published between 1980 and 2020, in peer-reviewed journals were included. A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Cochrane-Library, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used were “Suryanamaskar,” “physical fitness,” “sun-salutation,” “physiological effects,” “physical activity,” “health promotion,” “yoga,” and “children.” The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The effect of Suryanamaskar training on physical fitness components, namely flexibility, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, and cognition, was reviewed. Seven studies matched the inclusion criteria. All seven studies were randomized controlled trials. The level of evidence was of fair quality with a high risk of bias. Following Suryanamaskar intervention, improvement in musculoskeletal function—muscle strength and endurance, and the flexibility of hip joint, wrist joint, hamstrings, and dorso-lumbar fascia were reported. Improvements in cardiorespiratory variables such as peak expiratory flow rate forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, vital capacity, and reduction in blood pressure and heart rate are reported in children. Improvements in cognition were also observed following Suryanamaskar’s intervention. Suryanamaskar training confers health benefits and improves physical fitness components such as muscle strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and cognition. Suryanamaskar can emerge as a useful tool to increase physical fitness, deter physical inactivity, and promote healthy behavior (sanskar) in school-going children. High-quality longitudinal randomized control trials need to be undertaken to confirm the same.
Erosive Gastroesophageal reflux disease – are we missing pulmonary symptoms?
Authors: Kundukulangara Saji Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Background:

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition that affects about 20- 30% of the adult population, presenting with a broad spectrum of symptoms and varying degrees of severity and frequency. Extra esophageal manifestations like respiratory symptoms are being increasingly recognized. There are only very few studies on the prevalence of pulmonary symptoms in patients with erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Aim:

The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of pulmonary symptoms in patients with erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease,

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study done on 100 patients diagnosed based on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings. Patients were first interviewed about GERD symptoms using the GERD Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire. Then the respiratory symptoms are assessed. Demographic details are recorded in a proforma. Pulmonary function tests were done on all the patients. Upper GI endoscopic findings are graded according to Los Angeles (LA) grading from A to D

Results:

The prevalence of pulmonary symptoms was 60%. The most prevalent symptom was a cough, then followed by dyspnoea on exertion, chest pain, wheezing, and snoring. There was a significant association found between LA grading and pulmonary symptoms like wheezing, cough, chest pain, and hoarseness of voice. No significant association was found between GERD duration and pulmonary symptoms. There was a statistically significant association found between LA grading and pulmonary function test. No association was found between quality of life scoring and pulmonary symptoms.

Conclusion:

There was a high prevalence of pulmonary symptoms in patients with erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Erosive GERD can affect pulmonary function according to severity. There was no association between prolonged GERD and pulmonary symptoms.
A study to assess the effectiveness of warm foot bath therapy on the reduction of blood pressure among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary care setting
Authors: Ignasimuthu Arockiamary , Parimala Singaram
Published: May 2023

Background:

The goal of hypertension management is to keep blood pressure within normal bounds while also enhancing elderly patients’ quality of life and health. Warm foot baths are a straightforward, affordable, and effective therapy method that can be used in naturopathy to alleviate hypertension.

Materials and Methods:

This study used a quasi-experimental design that included two groups, the hypertensive intervention group and hypertensive control group, which was studied over 3 months between March 2020 and May 2020. The necessary ethical committee permissions with reference number VMRF/2020/037 and informed consent from all the patients included have been obtained properly before proceeding with the study.

Results:

Among the 100 individuals involved in the study, 53% were males and 47% were females. The mean age among the intervention group was 53.62 ± 7.26, and 52.84 ± 6.47 among the control group. The majority of the males included in the study were nonsmokers (69.8%). The mean ± standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the intervention group during the pretest phase was 157.3 ± 13.4 and 88.1 ± 9.4, whereas, after the intervention of foot bath therapy, the measurements of SBP and DBP were reduced significantly to 133.8 ± 9.7 and 76.9 ± 7.2, which was statistically significant with a P value < 0.001.

Conclusion:

Warm foot bath soak therapy is anticipated to be used as a nonpharmacological treatment for hypertension in older patients.
Comparative study of epidural fentanyl with bupivacaine and epidural tramadol with bupivacaine for postoperative pain management in orthopedic lower limb surgeries
Authors: Rao Yarramsetti V. , Nadimpalli Hari K. V. , Kutikuppala Lakshmi V. S.
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Pain is a complex subjective sensation that is difficult to quantify in a repeatable manner. Surgical pain is observed to be more intense post-surgery and then fades in the next 24 h. Epidural anesthesia/analgesia is the most widely used technique for lower limb surgeries because of its good sensory and motor block property, reduces stress response, and maintains sufficient spontaneous respiration and hemodynamic stability.

Materials and Methods:

The study looked at 100 individuals between the ages of 20 and 60 who underwent elective lower limb surgery and were classified as ASA I and II. The patients were split into two 50-person groups. The adverse effects of nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, urine retention, and pruritus, as well as the quality and duration of postoperative analgesia, were investigated. The patient was monitored for 48 h after surgery.

Results:

A total of 100 patients were included in the study, where the least age of the patient was 19 years and the greatest age was 75 years. In group T, maximum patients belong to the age group of 26–35 years, whereas in group F maximum patients belong to the age group of 36–45years. In group T, 41 (82%) were males and 9 (18%) were females. In group F, 37 (74%) were males and 13 (26%) were females.

Conclusion:

Our findings show that epidural tramadol and epidural fentanyl are equally effective, except for fentanyl’s shorter duration of action. Fentanyl also has a moderate sedative effect, which is beneficial in the postoperative period.
Burden and determinants of substance abuse among urban adolescents of Shimla city
Authors: Thakur Rakesh , Dhadwal Dineshwar S. , Chauhan Tripti , Barwal Vijay Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background:

Substance abuse is a major but neglected public health problem across the globe. Most of the time it starts during adolescence, which is also considered a critical risk period for the initiation of substance use.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study to estimate the prevalence and determine the association of socio-demographic and other risk factors with substance abuse among adolescents in an urban area of Himachal Pradesh. A multi-stage cluster with probability proportional to size sampling technique was followed and a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire was used as the study tool.

Results:

We studied a total of 728 participants and 39.6% were females. The mean age was 15.6 ± 1.3 years. Out of these, 12.1% reported any substance abuse earlier in their lifetime. Among ever users, most commonly abused substance was alcohol (8.9%), followed by smoked tobacco (7.1%), bhang (3.7%), hard liquor (2.8%), charas/ganja (1.4%), chewing tobacco (1.4%), inhalants (fluid/eraser) 0.82%, prescription drugs (cough syrup/tablets 0.69% and injecting drugs 0.27%), Chitta (0.27%), opium and heroin with 0.14% each. On multiple logistic regression analysis, male gender (AOR=1.82), among friend’s tobacco smoking (AOR=2.33), alcohol abuse (AOR=4.52), and cannabis abuse (AOR=2.99) were found to be associated with an increased likelihood of substance abuse. High socio-economic status (AOR=0.59) and tobacco chewing among friends (AOR=0.49) had a protective effect on indulgence in substance abuse.

Conclusion:

The influence of peers played the most significant predictor while the presence of substance abuse in the family was also associated with an increased likelihood of abuse by adolescents.
Correlation of resting scapular position and functional throwing performance index among amateur basketball players
Authors: Joshi Reema , Pohekar Varun
Published: May 2023

Background:

Scapular dyskinesis is prevalent in 54.5% of overhead athletes. Scapular dyskinesis is abnormal positioning of the scapula over the thorax and also abnormal motions of the scapula. Any alterations to the normal scapular position may alter the accuracy of striking and serving in basketball players. This study aims to find out the relation between the resting scapular position and the throwing accuracy of players.

Results:

The research suggests that there is a moderate correlation present between the resting scapular position and the throwing accuracy of the players.

Conclusion:

In this study, results state that the resting position of the scapula plays an important role in power generation and biomechanics of throwing in overhead athletes affecting the throwing accuracy of players.
Awareness and perception of public/civil servants toward the National Health Insurance Scheme in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: James Ezekiel , Abiodun Olaiya P. , Sanni Olaniyi F.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Nigeria’s healthcare system has been characterized by a decline in healthcare service providers due to the inability of governments to adequately fund healthcare services over the years. Thus, this study aims to assess the knowledge and perception among public/civil servants toward the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted using mixed qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study employed a descriptive research design that is also comparative. Data were collected using questionnaires and presented and analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 25.0 for Windows with the help of tables and graphs.

Results:

Most respondents were aware of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), but there was an overall unimpressive perception of NHIS funding, cost, and coverage. Age, gender, marital status, education, and grade level were not considerably associated with knowledge of NHIS (P > 0.05), but those spending more than 5000.00 Nigerian Naira (NGN) monthly on medical bills were more aware of NHIS than those paying ≤2000 (P < 0.05). The perception of NHIS was not significantly associated with gender, marital status, grade level, education attainment, and monthly expenses on healthcare services (P > 0.05) but was significantly associated with age.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that there is a high awareness of NHIS among the study respondents, although not all had in-depth knowledge of the operations of the health insurance scheme. More efforts are required to increase awareness of NHIS and its benefits among public/civil servants in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, to improve participation in the scheme.
Imaging and clinical perspectives of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis
Authors: Qaseem Syed M. Danish , Monis Mohd , Ibbrahim Aiman , Khalid Mohd
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To study the imaging and clinical perspectives of a recent epidemic of rhinocerebral mucormycosis during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) pandemic in India.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included clinical and imaging data of 24 diagnosed cases of acute rhinocerebral mucormycosis who were presented to our hospital in May 2021. The clinical profile and imaging data of the patients were documented.

Results:

18 patients (75.0%) had moderate to severe COVID-19 illness with a history of oral or intravenous corticosteroid intake. 19 patients (79.2%) had presented with hyperglycemia at the time of admission. Nasal discharges with or without black crusts and facial swelling (79.2%) were the most commonly reported complaints, followed by headaches or facial pain (62.5%). All cases demonstrated the involvement of one or more paranasal sinuses in imaging, with predominantly unilateral involvement. Extra sinusoidal involvement was commonly seen, with abnormalities seen in retromaxillary and masticator space, orbit, face, oral cavity, pterygopalatine fossa, and deep spaces of the neck, cavernous sinus, and brain.

Conclusion:

An upsurge of mucormycosis cases during the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be closely related to uncontrolled hyperglycemia and corticosteroid therapy. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are invaluable in establishing an early diagnosis, defining the extent of disease, and helping in immediate surgical planning.
Structural Weight Prediction Modelling for a Wide-body Aircraft by Implementing Real-time Case Study
Authors: Dhara Aishwarya , Muruga Lal Jeyan J.V.
Published: May 2023

Research studies on portraits of the middle-of-the-market aircraft are the most promising research for future aircraft design. This research aims to investigate the superiority of aircraft design technology, which results in reduced gross weight and increased structural integrity. Using a multi-linear regression method, this article offers to estimate the Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW) for wide-body transport aircraft. A real-time case study is carried out for the design configurations, propulsive systems, performance characteristics and structural integrity parameters of 26 distinct middle-of-the-market aircraft. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to validate the MTOW model. The model provides the best fitness with R2 = 0.9676. This R2 result is around 5% higher than the lowest R2 achieved from the literature. In addition, a clear-cut insights and managerial views towards future aircraft design are discussed.
A Review of Wheel-Rail Dynamic Behavior on Curved Tracks
Authors: Sharma Rakesh Chandmal , Palli Srihari , Bhardawaj Sono
Published: May 2023

With a speedy advancement in vehicle speed and transport capability, a huge challenge has been imposed to improve railway vehicle dynamic behaviour and track design to ensure the optimum performance of railway vehicles and tracks. To safely negotiate the vehicle speed on circular and transition curve tracks several aspects such as wheel-rail wear, smooth ride and vehicle stability need to be analysed. The investigators have paid great attention to exploring the compatibility among vehicle stability and curving ability, parametric analysis and optimization of curving performance, minimising the wheel-rail wear and curve squeal noise etc. The present paper focuses on reviewing these past efforts made by the researchers.
Performance Evaluation of BTMS for Electric Vehicles using Heat Sink - A Numerical Study
Authors: Patil K.R. , Raul A.K. , Anbhule Aniket , Barve Madhura , Bedare Ajay , Magare Yogesh
Published: May 2023

Batteries have wide applications in engineering. They are extensively used in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs), where a suitable battery thermal management system (BTMS) is vital in ensuring the safety and reliability operations of batteries. The purpose of this study is to offer an air-cooling system that utilizes a novel V-type staggered arrangement of plate-fin heat sink for forced air cooling. To keep the temperature of a lithium-ion battery pack within the optimal temperature range for the safety of the battery and the consumer to prevent the battery from catching fire. The paper also presents a comparison between straight rectangular fins and V-type staggered arrangement heat sinks. The thermal management of batteries equipped with a heat sink is numerically controlled, to ensure the battery's overall performance and longevity modules/packs for electric cars. A three-dimensional heat sink model was constructed and a numerical approach was used to explore the impacts of the number of fins on the heat sink, fin spacing and angle of inclination of the fins at different inlet air mass flow rates and varied heat input. The analysis presents a computational approach and traditional heat transfer theory.
Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Al6061 - Reinforcement with Graphite and Palm Stalk Ash
Authors: Nithyanandhan T. , Mohanraj N. , Sureshkumar P. , Sanjeev S.
Published: May 2023

In this research an attempt is made to improve and to examine the wear behaviour of AL6061 composite with two different fillers such as graphite by adding the reinforcement particles of palm stalk ashes. AL6061 composite is developed on a metal matrix composite with the weight percentage of graphite (0.7 %) which is kept constant for all specimens and the reinforcement of palm stalk ash is varied as a percentage of weight (0.7%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 2.8% and 3.5%). Reinforced composites were preheated in the electrical furnace at 150°C for about an hour to remove the moisture. The reinforcement was added into molten aluminium into the stir casting furnace. The wear behaviour and corrosion rate of fabricated AL6061 metal composite reinforced with different dissipate materials were studied.
Impact of Steering Column Stiffness on the Injury Criteria of Dummies using Siemens Madymo
Authors: Bentgens Felix , Koenig Peter , Jaikumar M. , Hariram V.
Published: May 2023

In the event of an accident, in today’s vehicle belt and airbag systems and steering columns absorb the kinetic energy of occupants in front crashes. Most steering columns are equipped with a deformation device, which provides additional forward displacement of the steering wheel when being impacted dynamically by the occupant. As these features perform on predefined force levels, they deform less when loaded with lower energy, e.g. when impacted by a smaller occupant. So especially for occupants of lower kinetic energy the maximum available forward displacement is not provided, so they will be decelerated on a higher g-levels than needed. This study investigates for different dummies how the force level of the steering column must be designed to keep the standard injury criteria as low as possible. The aim is to make a statement about the required optimized force levels of the steering column in order to examine technical feasibility in subsequent studies. To carry out these investigations, a parameter study is carried out in Siemens Madymo and the results obtained are interpreted. Subsequently, the limitations of this study are pointed out and further improvements are suggested.
Experimental Investigation in Performance Evaluation of Nano Additives Diesel Blend using Diesel Engine
Authors: Selvanayagam Benjamin Franklin , Palani Sarangapani , Gopi P. , Siranjeevi R. , Saran Jeyahar P.
Published: May 2023

The use of petrol and diesel engines is very high. But the environment is also polluted according to its use. Currently many researches are being carried out to reduce the pollutions in engines such as by the addition of nano particles and other seed oils. This research is carried out to study the effect of nanoparticles combined with diesel to increase efficiency and also to reduce emissions. The use of nanoparticles can increase engine performance and reduces emissions. A single-cylinder four stroke vertical diesel engine is used to inspect the nanoparticles. The additives used in the researches are zinc oxide nanoparticles and cobalt oxide nano particles. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) were mixed with diesel fuel from 5 to 8 ppm ratio. Better value of brake thermal efficiency was obtained at D + 7ppm.
Hybrid PV Wind Battery Optimal Sizing using Horse-Herd Optimization
Authors: Nithin B. , Shafeeque Ahmed K. , Zahira R.
Published: May 2023

Hybrid systems are evaluated primarily on GHG reduction reliability and cost of their system. It was decided that a rural Indian village would benefit from a grid-connected hybrid PV/WT battery system, the main objective of this investigation was to find the most cost-effective sizing of the parts for non-conventional energy-based hybrid systems. Maximizing the NCEF of the system was employed as the third fitness function to accomplish this aim by using the horse herd optimization approach to minimize two other objective functions, COE and LPSP while maximizing the system's NCEF. Three scenarios were given in this report to investigate how a proposed hybrid system and the grid's capacity to sell or purchase energy from each other would affect the interplay between the two. Economically optimum solution (lowest COE), renewable energy utilization viewpoint (highest NCEF) and ecologically ideal option (lowest COE) were the three views of horse herd optimization outcomes and the overall system is simulated and tested in MATLAB/Simulink.
Shear-wave splitting perspectives from the intense aftershock sequence of Damasi – Tyrnavos
Authors: Kaviris George
Published: May 2023

The area of Damasi-Tyrnavos (Thessaloniki, Central Greece), in the vicinity of Larissa, was characterized  by low seismic activity during the last decades. Two strong earthquakes of Mw = 6.3 and Mw = 6.0 The area of Damasi – Tyrnavos (Thessaly, Central Greece), in the vicinity of Larissa, was characterized occurred in early March 2021, followed by an intense aftershock sequence, related to WNW-ESE to NW-SE oriented faulting. This sequence was recorded by a dense local seismological network that provided a rich dataset and a unique opportunity to investigate upper crust shear-wave splitting for the first time in the study area. A fully automated technique, employing the eigenvalues method and cluster analysis, was implemented to measure the fast shear-wave polarization direction and the time-delay between the two split-shear-waves. This procedure yielded 655 results of adequate quality grade at 9 stations, after analyzing 1602 events and applying strict selection criteria, including the shear-wave window. The measured directions revealed a complex upper crust anisotropic regime. WNW-ESE to NW-SE, in accordance both with the APE model, being parallel to the local 𝜎 Hmax direction, and the strike of the fault planes. On the other hand, stations at the central part exhibit NNW-SSE and NNE-SSW anisotropy directions. An interesting feature is that the two northern stations are characterized by larger normalized time-delay values, possibly related to the migration of seismicity to the north during the initial stage of the seismic sequence.
Concurrent normals of immersed manifolds
Authors: Panina Gaiane , Siersma Dirk
Published: May 2023

It is conjectured since long that for any convex body $K \subset
\mathbb{R}^n$ there exists a point in the interior of $K$ which belongs to at
least $2n$ normals from different points on the boundary of $K$. The conjecture
is known to be true for $n=2,3,4$.
Motivated by a recent results of Y. Martinez-Maure, and an approach by A.
Grebennikov and G. Panina, we prove the following: Let a compact smooth
$m$-dimensional manifold $M^m$ be immersed in $ \mathbb{R}^n$. We assume that
at least one of the homology groups $H_k(M^m,\mathbb{Z}_2)$ with $k<m$
vanishes. Then under mild conditions, almost every normal line to $M^m$
contains an intersection point of at least $\beta +4$ normals from different
points of $M^m$, where $\beta$ is the sum of Betti numbers of $M^m$.
Pengaruh Engagement Learning dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Abdi Allah
Authors: Susanti Lidia , Riung Anna Mahdalena , Mujianto Yonathan
Published: May 2023

Engagement learning can be an alternative to an effective learning approach, namely by involving students to focus on the learning process, in addition to training, developing learning abilities, potential students, practicing to think critically and being responsive to information received. Another factor is the emotional intelligence of students so that students have the ability to think and make the right decisions in solving problems. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of engagement learning and emotional intelligence on the formation of student character. This study used a quantitative method: ex post facto non-probability sampling with 40 students from the Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Abdi Allah as participants. The results of the analysis in this study, with a significance level of 5%. The determination test shows that there is an effect of engagement learning and emotional intelligence on the formation of student character by 45.2%. AbstrakEngagement learning dapat menjadi alternatif pendekatan pembelajaran yang efektif, yaitu dengan melibatkan peserta didik fokus pada proses pembelajaran, selain itu untuk melatih, mengembangkan kemampuan belajar, potensi peserta didik, berlatih untuk berpikir kritis serta tanggap terhadap informasi yang diterima. Faktor lainnya adalah kecerdasan emosional peserta didik sehingga peserta didik mempunyai kesanggupan berpikir dan mengambil keputusan yang tepat dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh engagement learning dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap pembentukan karakter mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif: ex post facto-non propability sampling dengan partisipan 40 mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Abdi Allah. Hasil analisa pada penelitian ini, dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Uji determinasi menunjukkan adanya pengaruh engagement learning dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap pembentukan karakter mahasiswa sebesar 45,2 %.
Civic Virtue dalam Pendidikan Kristen guna Memperkuat Etika Digital di Era 4.0
Authors: Rahmelia Silvia , Apandie Chris
Published: May 2023

Along with changes in citizens’ socio-cultural order due to disruption era in industrial revolution 4.0, civic virtue as a part of citizens’ character internalization needs to be strengthened in order to established digital ethics in the 4.0 era. It could be implemented through citizenship education in Higher Education, but also deemed necessary in Christian education through general way so that citizens well to continue to prioritize civic virtues/ethical responses as Christians. The purpose of internalizing civic virtue in Christian education to established digital ethics in the 4.0 era will discuss the following propositions civic virtue in the digital era (internet of things) and civic virtue in Christian education. This study uses library research. It is hoped that this thought construction could strengthen Indonesian citizens’ mindset on the praxis by the virtues from God. Thus, citizens can be consistent in implementing the principles of reason and values when dealing with all the challenges resulting from the sophistication of industrial technology 4.0. AbstrakSeiring dengan berubahnya tatanan sosial budaya warga negara akibat disrupsi di era revolusi industri 4.0, civic virtue sebagai bagian dari internalisasi karakter warga negara perlu diperkuat dalam penerapan etika digital di era 4.0. Penguatan dapat dilakukan tidak hanya melalui pendidikan kewarganegaraan di Perguruan Tinggi, namun juga dipandang perlu dalam pendidikan Kristen secara umum sehingga warga negara dapat tetap mengedepankan adab-adab kewarganegaraan sebagai umat Kristiani. Tujuan internalisasi civic virtue dalam pendidikan Kristen guna memperkuat penerapan etika digital di era 4.0 akan membahas proposisi civic virtue di era digital (internet of things) dan adab kewarganegaraan (civic virtue) dalam pendidikan Kristen. Kajian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Diharapkan konstruksi pemikiran ini dapat memperkuat pola pikir warga negara Indonesia pada praksis nilai-nilai kebajikan yang berasal dari Tuhan. Dengan demikian, warga negara dapat konsisten dalam mengimplementasikan prinsip nalar dan nilai ketika berhadapan dengan segala tantangan yang dihasilkan dari kecanggihan teknologi industri 4.0.
Kristonomi sebagai Hukum yang Hidup: Partisipasi, Ketaatan, dan Kebebasan
Authors: Sitorus Yohannes Ali Sandro
Published: May 2023

This article discussed the concept of Christonomy as a constructive proposal based on the reading of Ephesians 4:17-32. Such a concept answered the problem of the tension between obedience and freedom of the new human (new self) as opposed to the old human (old self). Biblical, theological, and ethical approaches were employed, with special attention to the theology of participation. This article demonstrates that new humans are invited to confess the personhood Christ as the supreme ethical norm called “the Living Law” in response to the diversity of ethical norms. The Christonomic idea of Christ as the Living Law is also a new proposal that reconciles the classical problem of theonomy, autonomy, and heteronomy.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas konsep Kristonomi sebagai sebuah proposal konstruktif berdasarkan pembacaan atas Efesus 4:17-32. Konsep ini menjawab persoalan seputar ketegangan antara ketaatan dan kebebasan manusia baru yang berlawanan dengan manusia lama. Pendekatan-pendekatan biblis, teologis, dan etis dipergunakan, dengan perhatian khusus pada teologi partisipasi. Artikel ini memperlihatkan bahwa, dalam merespons kemajemukan norma etis, manusia baru diundang untuk mengakui pribadi Kristus sebagai norma etis terunggul, yaitu sebagai “Hukum yang Hidup”. Gagasan Kristonomis mengenai Kristus sebagai Hukum yang Hidup ini juga menjadi sebuah usulan baru yang memperdamaikan masalah klasik mengenai teonomi, otonomi, dan heteronomi.
Pendidikan Kristen bagi Anak Terdampak Kekerasan
Authors: Nadapdap Adventus , Prayitno Iky Sumarthina P.
Published: May 2023

Generally, children who live under the caring in orphanages are affected by violence, particularly for those are neglected by families in the past. One of responsibilities of HKI Zarphat Orphanage is to offer Christian education for children. Therefore, an effective Christian education for children of violent victims is necessary to help a better spiritual, emotional and intellectual growth. Up to present, there is no research that examines such case, which now obviously becomes the demand. This research offers qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques of the observatory, interviews and literature study. The Study found that the educational method at The Zarfat HKI Orphanage which intentionally to improve children’s spiritual, emotional and intellectual intelligence was less effective.  Further studies are needed to develop a Christian education system that can be applied to children of violent victims brought up in orphanages. AbstrakPada umumnya, anak-anak yang diasuh di panti asuhan adalah anak-anak yang terkena dampak kekerasan, terutama penelantaran oleh keluarga di masa lalu. Salah satu tanggung jawab Panti Asuhan HKI Zarfat adalah memberikan pendidikan Kristen bagi anak-anak. Oleh karena itu, pendidikan Kristen yang efektif bagi anak-anak korban kekerasan penting untuk membantu pertumbuhan spiritual, emosional dan intelektual yang lebih baik serta perkembangan intelektual mereka. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji dampak pendidikan Kristen di panti asuhan terhadap anak korban kekerasan. Untuk itu perlu dikaji dampak Pendidikan Kristen untuk spiritual, emosional, dan intelektual anak-anak Panti Asuhan Zarfat HKI. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa metode pendidikan di Panti Asuhan Zarfat HKI kurang efektif dalam meningkatkan kecerdasan spiritual, emosional dan intelektual anak. Diperlukan studi lebih lanjut untuk mengembangkan sistem pendidikan Kristen yang dapat diterapkan pada anak-anak korban kekerasan yang dibesarkan di panti asuhan.
Konflik dan Resolusi Konflik Pembangunan Gedung Ibadah Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh (GMAHK) Lasiana Kota Kupang
Authors: Ludji Joy Ferdinand , Sagala Rudolf Weindra , Nainggolan Bartolomeus Diaz
Published: May 2023

Conflict in church life provides opportunities for the emergence of evil forces that can bring the church to defeat. However, conflicts can actually be handled effectively if effective conflict handling patterns are applied. This study analyzes conflicts and conflict resolusions in the construction of the Seventh Day Adventist Church (GMAHK) worship building in Lasiana Kupang City. In this study researchers used qualitative methods using descriptive approaches from anthropology, ethnography and law. The impact of the conflict that occurs will result in the loss of harmonization in social life and the fading of social relations between communities. With the deliberation and negotiation of establishing a cooperative relationship, the community no longer objects to the establishment of the GMAHK Lasiana worship building, because the community believes that tolerance is important, brotherly love needs to be maintained as a binder for cross-denominational Christian congregations. AbstrakKonflik dalam kehidupan bergereja memberikan peluang munculnya kuasa kejahatan yang dapat membawa gereja ke dalam suatu kekalahan. Akan tetapi, konflik itu sesungguhnya dapat ditangani secara efektif bila diterapkan pola penanganan konflik yang efektif pula. Penelitian ini menganalisis konflik dan resolusi konflik pembangunan Gedung ibadah Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh (GMAHK) Lasiana Kota Kupang. Dalam studi ini peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dari antropologi, etnografi dan hukum. Dampak dari konflik yang terjadi akan mengakibatkan hilangnya harmonisasi dalam berkehidupan bermasyarakat dan lunturnya hubungan sosial antar masyarakat. Dengan adanya musyawarah dan negosiasi menjalin hubungan kerjasama, maka masyarakat tidak lagi merasa keberatan dengan adanya pendirian gedung ibadah GMAHK Lasiana, karena masyarakat percaya bahwa toleransi itu penting, kasih persaudaraan perlu dijaga sebagai pengikat jemaat Kristen lintas denominasi.