bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multi-wavelength Analysis of Dust and Gas in the SR 24S Transition Disk
Authors: Pinilla P. , Pérez L. M. , Andrews S. , van der Marel N. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Ataiee S. , Benisty M. , Birnstiel T. , Juhász A. , Natta A. , Ricci L. , Testi L.
Published: April 2017

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm continuum observations of the SR 24S transition disk with an angular resolution

(12 au radius). We perform a multi-wavelength investigation by combining new data with previous ALMA data at 0.45 mm. The visibilities and images of the continuum emission at the two wavelengths are well characterized by a ring-like emission. Visibility modeling finds that the ring-like emission is narrower at longer wavelengths, in good agreement with models of dust-trapping in pressure bumps, although there are complex residuals that suggest potentially asymmetric structures. The 0.45 mm emission has a shallower profile inside the central cavity than the 1.3 mm emission. In addition, we find that the 13CO and C18O (J = 2–1) emission peaks at the center of the continuum cavity. We do not detect either continuum or gas emission from the northern companion to this system (SR 24N), which is itself a binary system. The upper limit for the dust disk mass of SR 24N is

, which gives a disk mass ratio in dust between the two components of

. The current ALMA observations may imply that either planets have already formed in the SR 24N disk or that dust growth to millimeter sizes is inhibited there and that only warm gas, as seen by rovibrational CO emission inside the truncation radii of the binary, is present.
The Use of Calcium Phosphate in Rapid-hardening Portland Cement
Authors: Ersov L. D.
Published: April 2017

Not available
Influencia de la distribución de huecos sobre la resistencia al hielo de los productos cerámicos
Authors: Bergmann K.
Published: April 2017

Not available
« Comme une toile d’araignée »
Authors: Felten Georges
Published: April 2017

L’article montre que Woyzeck, la dernière pièce de Georg Büchner, restée inachevée à la mort de son auteur, accorde une place prépondérante au sens de la vue. Pièce maîtresse d’un complexe réseau de savoir et de pouvoir, celui-ci est configuré – à l’insu des personnages, qui se trahissent simplement par leurs gestes et leurs paroles – sur le mode d’un œil-animal aussi sexualisé que mortifère. En étendant jusqu’aux spectateurs le système panoptique dans lequel sont pris les personnages, la pièce ne rouvre pas tant le dossier du procès « historique » qu’elle n’interroge en permanence le statut dévolu au spectateur qui la regarde et qu’elle ne pose, en tant que texte resté à l’état de fragment, la question de sa propre lecture.
« L’œil hors de la tête »
Authors: Azoulai Juliette
Published: April 2017

« Je sais voir, revendique Flaubert, comme voient les myopes, jusque dans les pores des choses. » C’est cette articulation entre le voir et le savoir, entre le percept et le concept, qu’il s’agit d’étudier chez un auteur, qui en expose lui-même de multiples déclinaisons dans son œuvre : du regard novice au regard contemplatif, en passant par le regard pédant ou le regard expérimenté, Flaubert explore divers rapports, plus ou moins déséquilibrés, entre la connaissance et la perception, interrogeant ainsi la définition du regard savant, en tant que savoir incarné.
Kessel reporter : de la chose vue à la chose lue
Authors: Barkate Jonathan
Published: April 2017

Découvrant des mondes dont il ignore tout, le reporter est chargé de les voir vite et bien pour en rendre compte au lecteur, de sorte que la chose vue se mue en chose lue. L’imbrication de la vision du reporter et de son écriture conduit Kessel à varier les postures pour gagner en efficacité narrative. Que le réel lui soit demeuré opaque ou qu’il ait su le décrypter, le reporter fait savoir et fait voir. Ne pas savoir voir et savoir voir reviennent donc à savoir faire voir en associant à la chose vue la chose vécue. L’emprise du récit est encore plus manifeste lorsque Kessel sait ne pas voir, c’est-à-dire quand il compense son défaut de vision pour rendre compte de scènes qu’il n’a pas comprises ou qu’il n’a même pas vues. Dans tous ces cas, l’écriture du reportage consiste surtout à savoir raconter.
Apprendre à voir, apprendre à dire
Authors: Vuillemin Nathalie
Published: April 2017

L’émergence d’une science microscopique au xviiie siècle s’est caractérisée par une recherche d’uniformisation des méthodes d’examen, mais également du langage permettant de décrire les nouveaux objets. Comment partager ces derniers ? Comment s’assurer que chaque observateur voie la même chose, qu’il puisse être guidé par les remarques d’un prédécesseur, sans être pour autant influencé dans son interprétation des phénomènes ? Ces questions donnèrent lieu à de nombreux débats entre savants, envisagés ici comme autant de négociations dans la création d’un langage de la vision spécialisée. Car dans le champ microscopique, plus encore que dans d’autres domaines de l’histoire naturelle, décrire c’est interpréter. Mal dire, c’est ainsi peut-être avoir mal vu, et faire prendre le risque aux suivants de mal voir à leur tour. Cette problématique sera abordée à travers le cas plus spécifique de la daphnie, petit animal aquatique dont les structures, examinées au microscope, donnèrent lieu dès le xviie siècle et jusqu’en 1860 environ à de nombreuses controverses. Le langage eut un rôle heuristique essentiel dans l’inscription du savoir relatif à cet insecte, que met également en relief l’évolution des illustrations sur l’animal.
Love Marriages, Inter-Caste Violence, and Therapeutic Jurisprudential Approach of the Courts in India
Authors: Halder Debarati , Jaishankar K.
Published: April 2017

India is a country of multiple religion, castes, and linguistic groups. The Indian constitution guarantees for equal treatment of laws irrespective of religion, caste, creed etc. Similarly, the modern marriage laws provide opportunity to marry inter-caste or inter religion. In modern India there is a huge growth of inter-religious, inter-caste, cross cultural love marriages, however, many societies in different parts of India are still reluctant to accept such mixed marriages. Couples of such mixed marriages may suffer various sorts of victimization including violent assaults. Children of such mixed marriages may also suffer social ostracism. Also, due to social attitude, such mixed marriages may miserably fail. This chapter aims to find out whether courts in India have Therapeutic Jurisprudential role in saving such marriages and how the implementation of such TJ approach may be made possible.
Sexual Harassment of Women in Workplace in India
Authors: Thakre Amit Gopal
Published: April 2017

Therapeutic Jurisprudence is legal conscience seeking for a fully-functional system that involves collaboration of sensitized judiciary, academicians and practitioners, working in a congenial environment which collectively facilitates in healing process of the victim. Similar to the principles of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, preventive laws too aims for more humane approach with regard to legal matters. In fact, preventive laws may also be viewed as ‘pro-therapeutic jurisprudence'. In a more comprehensive and treatment oriented legal service system, prevention has to have prominence over healing goals. Laying emphasis on preventive law does not negate the importance of healing objectives set forth by Therapeutic Jurisprudence rather preventive laws supplements to the overall aim of enabling ‘healing power of law'. An ideal system would be wherein preventive laws are implemented effectively and therapeutic jurisprudence works efficiently. This chapter aims to assess the implementation of preventive laws and practicing of therapeutic justice for victims of sexual harassment in New Delhi, India.
An Alternative Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue Test at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Xia Zi Hui , Chen Jie
Published: April 2017

For strain-controlled fatigue tests, especially at elevated temperature, implementation of knife-edges and punching dimples within gauge length of specimen may cause premature failure on the test section. In this paper, an alternative approach is introduced to control and measure the strains in fatigue tests. Two dimples outside the gauge length section are punched and used to mount the extensometer. The correlation between the controlled (measured) strain and the strain within the gauge length section is established. By comparing the hysteresis loops obtained through the correlation and the one directly measured within the gauge length, it is found that the established correlations are in good agreement with the latter result.
A Novel Method to Extract the Plastic Properties of Metal Materials from a Continuous Spherical Indentation Test
Authors: Jin Zhuang , Zhao Jian Ping
Published: April 2017

Cao and Lu had built a method to acquire the properties of materials. But they neglected the influence of strain hardening exponent n by introducing the representative strain which didan’t have any physical meaning. A new method from a continuous spherical indentation test was built, the influence of strain hardening exponent n were considered and the formulas of dimensionless functions defined in their work were improved in this present paper. Then the computational results from the new method and the actual results were compared and the error is about 8%.
Study of Fatigue Properties of Materials through Cyclic Automated Ball Indentation and Cyclic Small Punch Test Methods
Authors: Prakash Raghu V.
Published: April 2017

One of the important inputs while estimating the remaining life of critical components is the fatigue property of materials. Fatigue data, in the form of stress vs. cycles to failure (or) strain vs. cycles to failure (or) fatigue crack growth rate data is used to predict the residual life. Material’s fatigue property degrades with time and usage; hence, it is appropriate to use the current properties for remaining life assessment. Often the quantity of material available for generating fatigue data is limited, especially, if the material is scooped out of existing component of a power plant. Further, fatigue response being probabilistic in nature, requires multiple specimens to be tested at any given stress/strain levels. This has prompted us to develop test procedures to determine the fatigue data of materials from a limited volume of material. This paper presents the results of cyclic ball indentation test method as well as cyclic small punch test method that is used to generate the fatigue data at different stress levels. There are several fine details relating to these test techniques – viz., establishing a equivalent damage criteria for failure life with standard LCF/HCF test specimens. The influence of one of the variables, viz., friction at the specimen-tool interface of a small punch test is investigated through numerical simulation and the results are presented here.
Mechanical Behavior Evaluation of a Nickel-Aluminum Bronze Alloy Weld with Micro Indentation Method
Authors: Rao De Lin , Shen Yin Zhong
Published: April 2017

In this research, the mechanical behavior of a multi-pass nickel-aluminum bronze alloy weld joint is investigated. Macro-tensile testing shows the mechanical behavior difference of the weld and base materials. Micro indentation data is applied to calculate the local mechanical properties in a multi-pass weld and base materials. The indentation loading-unloading cycle and stress-strain calculation model are introduced in the paper. It shows that the micro indentation results are in good agreement with the macro-tensile test data. Both the micro structure and uncertainties within the analysis model affect the discrepancy of two testing methods.
Development and evaluation of a system of proxy data assimilation for paleoclimate reconstruction
Authors: Okazaki Atsushi , Yoshimura Kei
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) has been successfully applied in the field of paleoclimatology to reconstruct past climate. However, data reconstructed from proxies have been assimilated, as opposed to the actual proxy values. This prevented full utilization of the information recorded in the proxies. This study examined the feasibility of proxy DA for paleoclimate reconstruction. Isotopic proxies (δ18O in ice cores, corals, and tree-ring cellulose) were assimilated into models: an isotope-enabled general circulation model (GCM) and forward proxy models, using offline data assimilation. First, we examined the feasibility using an observation system simulation experiment (OSSE). The analysis showed a significant improvement compared with the first guess in the reproducibility of isotope ratios in the proxies, as well as the temperature and precipitation fields, when only the isotopic information was assimilated. The reconstruction skill for temperature and precipitation was especially high at low latitudes. This is due to the fact that isotopic proxies are strongly influenced by temperature and/or precipitation at low latitudes, which, in turn, are modulated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on interannual timescales. Subsequently, the proxy DA was conducted with real proxy data. The reconstruction skill was decreased compared to the OSSE. In particular, the decrease was significant over the Indian Ocean, eastern Pacific, and the Atlantic Ocean where the reproducibility of the proxy model was lower. By changing the experimental design in a stepwise manner, the decreased skill was suggested to be attributable to the misrepresentation of the atmospheric and proxy models and/or the quality of the observations. Although there remains a lot to improve proxy DA, the result adequately showed that proxy DA is feasible enough to reconstruct past climate.
Desertification, Resilience and Re-greening in the African Sahel – A matter of the observation period?
Authors: Kusserow Hannelore
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Since the turn of the millennium various publications have been discussinga re-greening of the Sahel after the 1980's drought mainly based on coarse-resolution satellite data. Recent field studies show a more differentiated picture questioning both paradigms, the Encroaching Sahara and the Re -greening Sahel. The author set out this article to discuss the concepts of Desertification, Resilience and Re-greening by addressing three main aspects: (i) relevance of edaphic factors for a vegetation re-greening, (ii) importance of the selected observation period in the debate of Sahel greening or browning, and (iii) modifications in vegetation pattern as possible indicators for ecosystem changes (shift from originally diffuse to contracted vegetation patterns). The data used in this article cover a period of more than 150 years and include the author's own research results from the early 1980s until today. A special emphasis, apart from field work and remote sensing, is laid on the analysis of historical documents. The key findings summarised at the end show the following: (i) a vegetation recovery predominantly depends on soil types; (ii) when discussing Sahel greening vs. browning, the majority of research articles only focuses on post-drought conditions. However, if pre-drought conditions (before 1980s) are analysed, remote sensing based time series and botanical investigations clearly show a substantial decline in diversity of woody species and cover density, compared to pre-drought conditions; (iii) self-organised patchiness of vegetation is considered to be an important indicator for ecosystem changes.
Earthquake Response of Heavily Damaged Historical Masonry
Mosques after Restoration
Authors: Altunışık Ahmet Can , Genç Ali Fuat
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Restoration works have been accelerated substantially in Turkey in the last decade. Many historical buildings, mosques, minaret, bridges, towers etc. structures are restored. With these restorations an important issue arises, namely how restoration work affects the structure. For this reason it is aimed to investigate the restoration effect on the earthquake response of a historical masonry mosque with considering the openings on masonry dome. For this purpose, Hüsrev Pasha Mosque which is located in Ortakapı district in old city of Van, Turkey. The region of Van is in an active seismic zone therefore earthquake analyses were made in this study. Firstly finite element model of the mosque was constructed considering the restoration drawings and 16 window openings on dome. Then model was constructed with 8 window openings. Structural analyses were made under dead and earthquake loads and Mode Superposition Method was used in analyses. Maximum displacements, maximum-minimum principal stresses and shear stresses are given with contours diagrams. The results are investigated according to Turkish Earthquake Code (2007) and compared between 8 and 16 window openings cases. The results show that reduction of the window openings affected the structural behaviour of the mosque positively.
Validation of the actuator disc approach using small scale model
wind turbines
Authors: Simisiroglou Nikolaos , Breton Simon Philippe , Ivanell Stefan
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The aim of the present study is the validation of the implementation of an actuator disc model in the CFD code PHOENICS. The flow behaviour for three wind turbine cases is investigated numerically and compared to wind tunnel measurements: (A) the flow around a single model wind turbine, (B) the wake interaction between two in-line model wind turbines for a uniform inflow of low turbulence intensity and (C) the wake interaction between two in-line model wind turbines at different separation distances in a uniform or sheared inflow of high turbulence intensity. This is done by using Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and an actuator disc (ACD) technique in the computational fluid dynamics code PHOENICS. The computations are conducted for the design condition of the rotors using four different turbulence closure models and five different thrust distributions. The computed axial velocity field as well as the turbulent kinetic energy are compared with hot wire anemometry (HWA) measurements. For the in-line two model wind turbine cases, the thrust coefficient is also computed and compared with measurements. The results show that for different inflow conditions and wind turbine spacings the proposed method is able to predict the overall behaviour of the flow with low computational effort.
A Study on the use of Facebook, RSS, Blogs and Twitter (Web2.0) among selected academic libraries from 6 Gulf countries namely: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman and Kuwait
Authors: Ramli Rindra M.
Published: April 2017

This paper aims to explore and study the current usage trends of Web2.0 namely Facebook, RSS, Blogs and Twitter among selected higher education institutions’ libraries in 6 gulf countries namely: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman and Kuwait. Websites of the selected libraries would be compared on the extent of the usage of these tools, the participation level and their purpose. The author would also share his opinion and suggestions on improving the current trends pertaining to the area of Web2.0 and libraries.

The impact and importance of Web2.0 on libraries cannot be disputed. Since gaining popularity in mid-2000, libraries around the globe have jumped onto the Web2.0 bandwagon. Among the common examples of Web2.0 used by libraries today are namely: social networking sites, blogs, wikis, folksonomies and video sharing sites. Libraries are using Web2.0 to (among others):

· market their services / resources to their community,

· announce latest library news,

· provide their online guides / notes for their resources among others.

Though such tools have been implemented by most libraries around the world, some of the challenges faced by libraries are:

· participation level – casting the net to a wider audience

· selection of web2.0 tools

· effectiveness of present web2.0 tools used by the libraries
Climate variability and its impact on the spatial distribution of mangroves in Qatar
Authors: Pathirana Sumith , Al-Khayat Jassim A.
Published: April 2017

Mangroves are a unique vegetation community that can adapt to harsh climatic conditions, including in areas of high temperature and high salinity levels. It is an important coastal wetland community in many countries that provide a multitude of ecosystem services. Qatar has a small mangrove community covering about 21 km2 and it is probably the only natural vegetation type found in Qatar. They are important because of their aesthetic value, as a buffer zone protecting the lowland coastal area as well as its role in storing carbons. Therefore, it is important to understand mangroves response to global climatic variability. This is particularly important as Avicennia, which is the only mangrove species found in Qatar has limited elevation range and less able to resist extreme physical and environmental changes. Species distribution models combined with GIS and Remote Sensing are some of the tools that can be used to project the potential change of mangrove vegetation communities. These spatial information technologies can be used to extract and map current distribution of mangrove vegetation while species distribution model can be used to predict the potential geographical distribution of suitable habitats and species occurrence. In the current research, MaxEnt, GIS and high resolution World View 3 satellite data were used to classify, map and predict mangrove vegetation. The preliminary findings show the potential habitats in the east and the northwest part of Qatar. This research is important as there are no current studies examining the spatial distribution of mangroves or assessing the potential impact of climate variability on mangrove communities in Qatar.
Marine microbes and climate change - a Qatari prospective
Authors: Fotedar Rashmi , Zeyara Aisha , Al Malaki Amina , Fell Jack W. , Stoeck Thorsten , Filker Sabine , Boekhout Teun , Kolecka Anna , Bukhari Sayed J. , Abdel-Moati Mohamed A. , Febbo Eric , Warren Christopher S. , Al Marri Masoud
Published: April 2017

Overwhelming scientific evidence has emphasized that climate change is a serious global threat driven by human activity and requires a global response. The importance of marine microbial diversity and the involvement of microbes in processes such as the carbon and nitrogen cycles, production and consumption of greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane has been highlighted in the past. Qatari marine environment is unique with an unusual harsh and arid climate, which influences sea salinity and temperature, thus influencing the water density and currents. Of economic importance, these waters are heavily influenced through anthropogenic use. Thus, Qatar's marine flora including the exotic phytoplankton and zooplankton species have adapted and developed a tolerance for extreme conditions. However, despite their relevance for ecosystem functioning, little is known about smaller size classes of organisms (bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi) in coastal habitats, their diversity, their distribution, biological interactions and how they cope with environmental changes. Therefore, a QNRF funded study, a first step towards an understanding and protection of the Qatari marine biosphere, established a baseline of microbial life in the waters surrounding Qatar, in order to monitor and react to the effect of global changes in these waters. Our multi-collaboration project established a comprehensive understanding of microbial biodiversity in Qatari coastal waters using the culture and metagenomic approaches. Results will be presented and the future perspectives discussed.

Acknowledgement: This Research was supported by grant (NPRP-6-647-1-127) from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) to Rashmi Fotedar, Teun Boekhout, Jack. W. Fell, and Thorsten Stoeck.
Morphological and genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia solani isolated from different vegetable crops in Qatar
Authors: Mazen M.M. , El-Badawy F. Noha
Published: April 2017

The soil borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani is a pathogen of many plants and causes severe damage in crops around the world. It primarily attacks below ground plant parts such as the seeds, hypocotyls, and roots, also capable to infect above ground plant parts (e.g. pods, fruits, leaves and stems). The most common symptom of Rhizoctonia disease is referred as “damping-off” characterized by non-germination of severely infected seed whereas infected seedlings can be killed either before or after they emerge from the soil. The study of the diversity of the isolates of R. solani in Qatar allows the structure of the populations to be determined and adapte control strategies against this pathogen to be established. R. solani attack many crops leading to great yield losses and to the downgrading of production. Six isolates of Rhizoctonia solani (R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12) were obtained from different plant types (tomato, cucumber, eggplant, common bean and broad bean) and different locations in Qatar representing major agro ecological zones like Al-Shamal, Rod Rasheed, Shahnia and Omsalaal. They were cultured in 3 different media (water agar, corn meal agar and potato dextrose agar), there were no significant differences among isolates on water agar and corn meal agar whereas all isolates showed different characteristics on the potato dextrose agar i.e. color of the mycelium, density of the mycelium and sclerotia formation. The microscopic examination of the isolates was done. The angle of the mycelium (right angle or acute angle) was recorded. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS region) of the rRNA was amplified using the universal ITS-1 and ITS-4 primers that anneal to the flanking 18S and 28S rRNA gene Direct sequencing of the amplification products was carried out in both directions using the universal ITS-1 and ITS-4 primers. Comparison of partial rRNA ITS nucleotide sequence of all isolates showed 91% sequence homology between R8 and R10, 73% similarity between R7 and R11, R9 showed 63% homology between the other two subgroups, meanwhile isolate R12 showed 36% similarity with all other isolates. Molecular markers are important tools for the characterization of genetic diversity in fungal pathogens where morphological features are either absent or not sufficient to allow intraspecific characterization.
Atmospheric chemistry of (CF3)2CF-C ≡ N
Authors: Nielsen Ole J. , Andersen Mads P.S. , Kyte Mildrid , Andersen Simone T.
Published: April 2017

FTIR/smog chamber experiments and ab initio quantum calculations were performed to investigate the atmospheric chemistry of (CF3)2CFCN, a proposed replacement compound for the industrially important sulfur hexafluoride, SF6. The present study determined k(Cl+(CF3)2CFCN) = (2.33 ± 0.87) × 10–17, k(OH + (CF3)2CFCN) = (1.45 ± 0.25) × 10− 15 and k(O3 + (CF3)2CFCN) ≤  6 × 10− 24 cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively. The experiments were performed in 700 Torr of N2 or air diluent at 296 ± 1 K. The main atmospheric sink for (CF3)2CFCN was determined to be the reaction with OH radicals. In assessing the atmospheric impact of (CF3)2CFCN, an infrared spectrum was recorded, and the atmospheric lifetime, the radiative forcing, and the global warming potential (GWP) were calculated. The integrated cross section (650–1500 cm− 1) for (CF3)2CFCN is (2.22 ± 0.11) × 10− 16 cm2 molecule− 1 cm− 1 which results in a radiative efficiency of 0.217 W m− 2 ppb− 1. The 100-year Global Warming Potential (GWP) for (CF3)2CFCN was calculated to be 1490. The climate impact of (CF3)2CFCN is significantly lower than that of SF6. This study provides a comprehensive description of the atmospheric fate of (CF3)2CFCN.
برامج الدراسات العليا في أقسام المكتبات والمعلومات بالجامعات الأجنبية العاملة في الدول العربية مقارنة بنظيراتها في الجامعات العربية/ تجربة الدراسة في كلية لندن الجامعية -قطر
Authors: عثمان رانيا
Published: April 2017

تعرضت دراسات كثيرة لأهمية تخصص المكتبات والمعلومات منذ نشأته في منتصف القرن العشرين في مصر والبلدان العربية ، وكذلك كيفية تطور أقسام المكتبات والمعلومات ومواكبتها لكل التغييرات الجذرية في مجال المكتبات في ظل التطور السريع للتقنيات بصورة مذهلة وبشكل دائم ومستمر يتطلب الاهتمام بتخصص المكتبات في ظل التحديات التي يواجها المكتبيين من ظهور المستحدثات الجديدة في عالم المكتبات مثل: RDA, FRBR, وأخيرا BIBFRAME مما يتطلب اعادة تأهيل اختصاصيو المكتبات في المهارات التقنية والبرامجية لمواكبة كل ما يستحدث في المجال.

كذلك تتناول الدراسة الاختلافات بين اسلوب الدراسة في الجامعات المصرية والعربية عن نظيره في الجامعات الاجنبية والتي تتمثل في اختلاف المناهج الدراسية و تنوع البرامج المقدمة في مجال المكتبات والمعلومات كذلك اعتماد هذه البرامج على التقنيات الحديثة في التدريس و كذلك في شكل واسلوب ومحتوى البرامج الدراسية نفسها، هذا ويناقش البحث ظاهرة اتجاه الكثير من الطلاب الى دراسة علم المكتبات والمعلومات في الدول الاجنبية رغم توفر اقسام المكتبات والمعلومات في البلدان العربية ويلقى البحث الضوء على الأسباب التي تدفع طلاب الدراسات العليا للحصول على درجة الماجستير والدكتوراه من الجامعات الأجنبية.

تتطرق الدراسة الى العديد من الاسباب منها عدم اتاحة الفرصة لغير المتخصصين لدراسة المكتبات والمعلومات في اقسام المكتبات والمعلومات وخاصة في الجامعات المصرية واقتصارها على خريجي القسم مما يدفع العديد من العاملين في مجال المكتبات للاتجاه للدراسة بالجامعات الاجنبية او الدراسة عن بعد لعدم تقيدها بشرط الدراسة السابقة لمجال المكتبات رغم التكلفة العالية لمثل هذه الجامعات، كذلك يسعى البعض الى الحصول على شهادات معتمدة اكاديميا من جمعيات المكتبات الدولية مثل جمعية المكتبات الأمريكية او جمعية المكتبات الاسترالية او جمعية المكتبات البريطانية للمهنيين.

وعلى الرغم من كل المميزات التي يمكن ان توفرها مثل هذه البرامج الا ان هناك العديد من الصعوبات والمعوقات التي تجعل من الصعب على الكثير من اختصاصي المعلومات الالتحاق بمثل هذه الجامعات لذلك سوف تتعرض الدراسة لكيفية التغلب على مثل هذه المعوقات من خلال عرض تجربة الباحث الشخصية للدراسة في برنامج الدراسات العليا (الماجستير) في كلية لندن الجامعية UCL والمناهج الدراسية التي قام بدراستها والصعوبات التي واجهها منذ بداية التقدم للالتحاق بالجامعة، هذا وقد تم اختيار تجربة جامعة UCL بقطر نظرا لأنها التجربة الوحيدة والأولى التي تمت في العالم العربي لتقديم برنامج متخصص للمكتبات والمعلومات للمهنيين وغير المهنيين معتمد دوليا من جمعية المكتبات البريطانية CILIP.
أثر الجمعية السودانية للمكتبات والمعلومات (سالي) في تحسين وتطوير الأداء الوظيفي للمكتبيين بولاية الخرطوم: دراسة تحليلية تقويمية
Authors: مصطفى محمد علي محمد
Published: April 2017

إن مواكبة للتطور الذي لحق بالمكتبات مؤخرا ونسبة للنقلة النوعية التي يشهدها العالم اليوم في ظل ثورة المعلومات Information Revolution ، كان لابد للمكتبيين أن يجدوا حظهم من هذه التطورات التقنية من اجل تطوير المهنة وملاحقة المستحدثات الجديدة في مجال المكتبات من اجل تحقيق الأهداف التي تسعى لخدمة المجتمع بأيسر الطرق وبأسرع زمن.

وحتم ذلك على الجمعيات والاتحادات المهنية أن تلعب دورا بارزا في التدريب والتنوير بكل ما هو جديد ومستحدث في مجال المكتبات والمعلومات.

تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان دور الجمعية السودانية للمكتبات والمعلومات في تنمية قدرات المهنيين في المجال حتى يتمكنوا من مواكبة التطورات الآنية ، كما تهدف إلى بيان التجربة التي قامت بها الجمعية مثل عقد الندوات والمؤتمرات والدورات التدريبية ، و تهدف أيضا إلى الكشف عن رؤية المجتمع المكتبي بولاية الخرطوم من مهنيين وأساتذة عن فاعلية الأدوار التي تقوم بها الجمعية.

حيث تحاول الدراسة الإجابة على بعض الأسئلة والتي من بينها: هل هنالك اثر واضح للدور الذي تقوم به الجمعية السودانية للمكتبات والمعلومات في بناء مجتمع مواكب للساحة المعلوماتية اليوم ؟ وهل هنالك رضا تام بما تقوم به الجمعية من قبل المجتمع المكتبي ؟ وما هي المنهجية او الآلية التي تتبعها الجمعية السودانية من اجل التطوير المهني للمكتبيين ؟

و لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة انتهج الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وذلك لأنه يقوم على تحليل ما تم جمعة من بيانات ، وكذلك المنهج التاريخي ومنهج دراسة الحالة لدراسة واقع الجمعية السودانية دراسة تحليلية مستفيضة ومن ثم الخروج بالنتائج والتوصيات.

ومن بين النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة أن للجمعية السودانية للمكتبات والمعلومات (سالي) اثر واضح في تطوير المهنيين بولاية الخرطوم من اجل التطوير المهني ، وهي حريصة على مواكبة كل ما هو جديد ومستحدث في مجال المكتبات والمعلومات على مستوى العلم.
The Role of Professional Associations and Federations in Application of Academic Accreditation Standards for LIS Programs : An Analytical Study in the light of International and Arabic Standards
Authors: ت العليمي ثرو
Published: April 2017

The quality and academic accreditation had threw new burdens on the specialized academic programs in general, and Library and Information science especially in related to try to keep up with concepts of quality and academic accreditation and clarify the role of associations and professional federations to apply quality standards and academic accreditation for Library and Information Science programs and description and analysis of the accreditation standards for library and information science at the international and Arab level.

The study concluded the following findings that the library and Information departments should reconsider its programs in light of the adoption of new standards for quality and it should configure the channels of communication between the library departments and their students for continuous communication.
A Influência dos Grupos Econômicos nos Prêmios Diretos do Mercado Segurador Brasileiro: Análise Comparativa em 2012 e 2013
Authors: SILVA JÉSSICA LIMA E , ALVES CARLOS ANDRE DE MELO , COSTA LUCAS EDUARDO VERAS
Published: April 2017

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a influência dos grupos econômicos nos prêmios diretos do mercado segurador brasileiro em 2012 e 2013. Para tal fim, realiza-se uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra intencional foi composta por 30 seguradoras de grupos econômicos bancários, de outros grupos econômicos e independentes. Os dados dos prêmios diretos e dos grupos econômicos foram obtidos no website da Superintendência de Seguros Privados – SUSEP. O tratamento dos dados empregou análises descritiva e inferencial não paramétrica, abrangendo o uso da Análise de variância de 1 fator de Kruskal-Wallys e do Teste de postos com sinal de Wilcoxon. Os resultados mostraram, em geral, que os prêmios diretos das seguradoras foram influenciados pelos grupos econômicos aos quais as seguradoras estiveram vinculadas. Em 2012, os prêmios diretos das seguradoras independentes foram inferiores aos prêmios diretos das seguradoras do grupo econômico bancário e, em 2013, os prêmios diretos das seguradoras independentes foram inferiores aos prêmios diretos das seguradoras do grupo econômico bancário e de outros grupos econômicos. Adicionalmente, de 2012 para 2013 houve aumento nos prêmios diretos das seguradoras independentes e de outros grupos econômicos que diferem do bancário. Os resultados podem trazer subsídios para que acadêmicos, reguladores, acionistas e participantes do mercado possam melhor entender o comportamento dos prêmios diretos e a influência dos grupos econômicos atuantes no mercado de seguros no País.
AUDITORIA INDEPENDENTE: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O CONTEÚDO DOS RELATÓRIOS DAS DEMONSTRAÇÕES CONTÁBEIS DOS CLUBES DE FUTEBOL BRASILEIROS.
Authors: Silvestre Adalene Olivia , Pereira Fernando Andrade , El Khatib Ahmed Sameer
Published: April 2017

O futebol no Brasil apresenta-se como a modalidade esportiva mais amplamente difundida, sendo um dos principais símbolos nacionais. Além do seu caráter social, gera empregos e movimenta a economia. Dada a importância e o potencial do futebol,  este estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar o conteúdo dos relatórios de auditoria independente (RAI) divulgados pelos clubes de futebol listados na Série A do Campeonato Brasileiro, bem como verificar quais são os principais fatores que motivaram a emissão de RAI modificados. O enquadramento metodológico levou em consideração o estudo qualitativo e quantitativo com a utilização de pesquisa documental e auxílio de ferramentas estatísticas para análise e tratamento dos dados. A amostra reúne os RAI publicados no exercício de 2010 e 2011 de vinte e dois clubes. Os resultados revelam que do total dos clubes, dezoito apresentaram RAI modificado em cada ano. Em 2010, dezessete apresentaram modificação por ressalva e apenas um RAI adverso, enquanto que em 2011 os dezoito clubes apresentaram modificação por ressalva. Quanto a quantidade de ressalvas de cada ano, reduziu de trinta e duas em 2010 para vinte e seis em 2011, sendo que em ambos os anos as contingências e o imobilizado foram os dois principais assuntos que justificaram a emissão de ressalvas. Complementarmente, foram contrastados os dados contábeis e indicadores econômico-financeiros dos clubes que obtiveram RAI modificado com os dos clubes que obtiveram RAI não modificado, através do Teste t de Student, o que possibilitou afirmar que, na média, todos os dados contábeis e indicadores dos clubes com RAI não modificados, apresentaram melhores desempenhos do que os dados dos clubes com modificações no RAI.
Instruções aos Autores
Authors: Scarpin Jorge Eduardo
Published: April 2017

Instruções aos Autores
Formulário de avaliação
Authors: Scarpin Jorge Eduardo
Published: April 2017

Formulário de avaliação
Risco a partir do coeficiente beta do Modelo CAPM e sua relação com o Dividend Yield das empresas do ISE-Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial- da BMFBovespa do período 2004/2015.
Authors: Steinhorst Jussieli Gregol , Leismann Edison Luiz , Maria Diego Zanatta , Vedana Gilmar Antonio , Biancheto Janaine A. Mignoni
Published: April 2017

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar se ativos com maior risco mensurável pelo coeficiente beta possuem dividend yield diferente das com menor risco. A amostra deste estudo é representada pelos ativos de empresas de capital aberto com listagem no índice de sustentabilidade empresarial (ISE), considerados os 23 ativos que possuem dados quanto ao retorno diário em pelo menos 90% de cada um dos trimestres analisados no período que corresponde a 01/01/2004 até 01/01/2015. A pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva, documental e de caráter quantitativo. Após a separação dos ativos em três grupos distintos, considerando a média dos 44 trimestres estudados, os resultados indicam que o grupo 1, composto pelos ativos com menor coeficiente Beta, possuem em média um dividend yield maior em 30,44% se comparado ao grupo 2, e 126% maior do que a média do grupo 3, que é composto pelos ativos com maior coeficiente Beta.
Instruções aos autores
Authors: Costa Flaviano
Published: April 2017

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Short communication: Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of fattening lambs fed diet replacing corn with orange pulp
Authors: Lashkari Saman , Taghizadeh Akbar , Paya Hamid , Jensen Søren K.
Published: April 2017

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with orange pulp (OP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty male lambs were placed in individual pens and fed with four levels of replacement of corn by OP (0, 33, 66, 100%) during 60 days. Average daily gain (ADG) showed a quadratic effect (p<0.007) with the increasing levels of replacement. Inclusion of 33 and 66% of OP in the diet significantly increased dry matter intake (DMI) compared to control group (p<0.01). Ruminal ammonia-N concentration showed a linear decrease (p<0.002). Ruminal fluid pH increased linearly with the increasing replacement of corn by OP (p<0.001). Acetate concentration showed a linear increase (p<0.001). Plasma total protein showed a linear increase (p<0.002). Organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber showed a quadratic effect with the level of replacement. The results of the present study showed that replacement of corn by OP improves DMI of fattening lambs, leading to an enhancement in ADG at the replacement level of 40.3%. Also, total replacement of corn by OP did not have any adverse effect on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters.
Constitution-Building Bodies and the Sequencing of Public Participation A Comparison of Seven Empirical Cases
Authors: Saati Abrak
Published: April 2017

Constitution-building is one of the most salient aspects of transitional processes, from war to peace or from authoritarian rule, in terms of establishing and strengthening democracy. This paper is part of a research project that aims to identify the circumstances under which constitution-building can strengthen democracy after violent conflict and during transitions from authoritarian rule. Previous research has indicated that the actions and relations of political elites from opposing political parties when making the constitution has bearing on the state of democracy post promulgation, but that the careful sequencing of public participation in the process can be of relevance as well. This paper conducts a systematic analysis of seven empirical cases and focuses the investigation to the type of constitution-building body that has been employed and to during what stage of the process the general public have been invited to participate. It concludes that popularly elected constitution-building bodies tend to include a broad range of political parties and that they, additionally, tend to have rules of procedure that encourage compromise and negotiation, whereas appointed bodies are dominated by one single party or one single person and do not have rules of procedure that necessitate compromise. The paper also discusses the potential need for political elites to have negotiated a number of baseline constitutional principles prior to inviting the general public to get involved in the constitution-building process, and concludes that this is an area of research in need of further in-depth empirical case-studies.
Naar een verdere modernisering van het tuchtrecht
Authors: Hesemans D.J. , Huls N.J.H.
Published: April 2017

Naar een verdere modernisering van het tuchtrecht

Het tuchtrecht heeft in de afgelopen twee decennia een aantal ontwikkelingen doorgemaakt, met name op het terrein van harmonisatie van het tuchtprocesrecht. De ambitie daarbij was telkens om een kader voor alle tuchtprocedures te scheppen bij alle wettelijk geregelde tuchtcolleges, maar die ambities zijn niet allemaal gerealiseerd. In de afzonderlijke tuchtrechtsystemen zijn in de tussentijd wel de nodige moderniseringen doorgevoerd. Die ontwikkeling lijkt nog niet ten einde. Het tuchtrecht staat dan ook nog steeds in de belangstelling en is volop in beweging. Het wordt nog steeds gezien als een waardevol middel om normen te handhaven die voor de uitoefening van specifieke beroepen gelden, en in die zin is het een bruikbaar instrument om de kwaliteit van de uitoefening van die beroepen te bevorderen. Mocht het ooit komen tot een Kaderwet tuchtprocesrecht, dan wordt in deze bijdrage een aantal elementen aangereikt en besproken, die in ieder geval aandacht behoeven. Naast de harmonisering van het wettelijk tuchtprocesrecht zijn ook andere ontwikkelingen waarneembaar. Zo worden ook buiten de gereglementeerde beroepen vaker elementen van het tuchtrecht toegepast, bijvoorbeeld ten aanzien van bankiers.
De rechter als wetgevingswaakhond
Authors: van Gestel R.A.J.
Published: April 2017

De rechter als wetgevingswaakhond

We zien in de Verenigde Staten momenteel hoe belangrijk rechterlijke controle op de kwaliteit van wetgeving kan zijn, bijvoorbeeld bij het omstreden inreisverbod voor migranten uit ‘islamitische landen’. Gevaar daarbij is echter dat de rechter te veel in politiek vaarwater terechtkomt. Misschien dat de Amerikaanse rechter op dit punt wat kan leren van het Hof van Justitie van de EU, dat een procedurele toets heeft ontwikkeld om de ‘evidence base’ van wetten te toetsen door bijvoorbeeld te kijken in hoeverre er impact assessments zijn uitgevoerd volgens de methoden die daartoe in het wetgevingsbeleid ontwikkeld zijn. Tegelijkertijd laat de Luxemburgse jurisprudentie zien dat men er daarbij misschien toch niet altijd aan ontkomt om ook naar de kwaliteit van het onderliggende bewijs te kijken. Hier kan Luxemburg wellicht wat leren van het U.S. Supreme Court, dat regels heeft ontwikkeld met betrekking tot de vraag hoe rechters dienen om te gaan met deskundigenbewijs en wetenschappelijke gegevens.
Magnetic Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Adsorbent for the Separation and Preconcentration of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) from Environmental Samples
Authors: Soylak Mustafa , Acar Demet , Yilmaz Erkan , El-Khodary Sherif A , Morsy Mohamed , Ibrahim Medhat
Published: April 2017

The separation and preconcentration of copper(II), lead(II), and cadmium(II) ions on magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) by solid-phase extraction was carried out. Quantitative recovery was obtained by adsorption of analytes on MGO at pH 6 and elution of 3 M HNO3 in 10% acetone. To optimize the presented method, the effects of various parameters—including pH, eluent conditions, and vortex time—were examined. Matrix effects were also investigated. Mean recoveries of the analytes were between 95and 105%. The proposed method was validated by applying it to certified reference materials. Addition and recovery tests were also performed. The method wasapplied to verify the analyte content of several water and food samples.
Combined ALK and MDM2 inhibition increases antitumor activity and overcomes resistance in human ALK mutant neuroblastoma cell lines and xenograft models
Authors: Wang Hui Qin , Halilovic Ensar , Li Xiaoyan , Liang Jinsheng , Cao Yichen , Rakiec Daniel P , Ruddy David A , Jeay Sebastien , Wuerthner Jens U , Timple Noelito , Kasibhatla Shailaja , Li Nanxin , Williams Juliet A , Sellers William R , Huang Alan , Li Fang
Published: April 2017

The efficacy of ALK inhibitors in patients with ALK-mutant neuroblastoma is limited, highlighting the need to improve their effectiveness in these patients. To this end, we sought to develop a combination strategy to enhance the antitumor activity of ALK inhibitor monotherapy in human neuroblastoma cell lines and xenograft models expressing activated ALK. Herein, we report that combined inhibition of ALK and MDM2 induced a complementary set of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic proteins. Consequently, this combination treatment synergistically inhibited proliferation of TP53 wild-type neuroblastoma cells harboring ALK amplification or mutations in vitro, and resulted in complete and durable responses in neuroblastoma xenografts derived from these cells. We further demonstrate that concurrent inhibition of MDM2 and ALK was able to overcome ceritinib resistance conferred by MYCN upregulation in vitro and in vivo. Together, combined inhibition of ALK and MDM2 may provide an effective treatment for TP53 wild-type neuroblastoma with ALK aberrations.
How spatial release from masking may fail to function in a highly directional auditory system
Authors: Lee Norman , Mason Andrew C
Published: April 2017

Spatial release from masking (SRM) occurs when spatial separation between a signal and masker decreases masked thresholds. The mechanically-coupled ears of Ormia ochracea are specialized for hyperacute directional hearing, but the possible role of SRM, or whether such specializations exhibit limitations for sound source segregation, is unknown. We recorded phonotaxis to a cricket song masked by band-limited noise. With a masker, response thresholds increased and localization was diverted away from the signal and masker. Increased separation from 6° to 90° did not decrease response thresholds or improve localization accuracy, thus SRM does not operate in this range of spatial separations. Tympanal vibrations and auditory nerve responses reveal that localization errors were consistent with changes in peripheral coding of signal location and flies localized towards the ear with better signal detection. Our results demonstrate that, in a mechanically coupled auditory system, specialization for directional hearing does not contribute to source segregation.