bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor JS28 Prevents Pathological Gene Expression in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Ngo Vivien , Fleischmann Bernd K. , Jung Manfred , Hein Lutz , Lother Achim
Published: June 2022

Background

Epigenetic modulators have been proposed as promising new drug targets to treat adverse remodeling in heart failure. Here, we evaluated the potential of 4 epigenetic drugs, including the recently developed histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor JS28, to prevent endothelin‐1 induced pathological gene expression in cardiac myocytes and analyzed the chromatin binding profile of the respective inhibitor targets.

Methods and Results

Cardiac myocytes were differentiated and puromycin‐selected from mouse embryonic stem cells and treated with endothelin‐1 to induce pathological gene expression (938 differentially expressed genes, q<0.05). Dysregulation of gene expression was at least in part prevented by epigenetic inhibitors, including the pan‐BRD (bromodomain‐containing protein) inhibitor bromosporine (290/938 genes), the BET (bromodomain and extraterminal) inhibitor JQ1 (288/938), the broad‐spectrum HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (227/938), and the HDAC6 inhibitor JS28 (210/938). Although the 4 compounds were similarly effective toward pathological gene expression, JS28 demonstrated the least adverse effects on physiological gene expression. Genome‐wide chromatin binding profiles revealed that HDAC6 binding sites were preferentially associated with promoters of genes involved in RNA processing. In contrast, BRD4 binding was associated with genes involved in core cardiac myocyte functions, for example, myocyte contractility, and showed enrichment at enhancers and intronic regions. These distinct chromatin binding profiles of HDAC6 and BRD4 might explain the different effects of their inhibitors on pathological versus physiological gene expression.

Conclusions

In summary, we demonstrated, that the HDAC6 inhibitor JS28 effectively prevented the adverse effects of endothelin‐1 on gene expression with minor impact on physiological gene expression in cardiac myocytes. Selective HDAC6 inhibition by JS28 appears to be a promising strategy for future evaluation in vivo and potential translation into clinical application.
TAGE Score for Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Prediction After Successful Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Janvier Paul , Kerleroux Basile , Turc Guillaume , Pasi Marco , Farhat Wassim , Bricout Nicolas , Benzakoun Joseph , Legrand Laurence , Clarençon Frédéric , Bracard Serge , Oppenheim Catherine , Boulouis Grégoire , Henon Hilde , Naggara Olivier , Ben Hassen Wagih
Published: June 2022

Background:

Determine if early venous filling (EVF) after complete successful recanalization with mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke is an independent predictor of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and integrate EVF into a risk score for sICH prediction.

Methods:

Consecutive patients with anterior acute ischemic stroke treated by mechanical thrombectomy issued from patients enrolled in the THRACE trial (Thrombectomie des Artères Cérébrales) and from 2 prospective registries were included and divided into a derivation (Center I; n=402) and validation cohorts (THRACE and center 2; n=507). EVF was evaluated by 2 blinded readers. sICH was defined according to the modified European cooperative acute stroke study II. Clinical and radiological data were analyzed in the derivation cohort (C1) to identify independent predictors of sICH and construct a predictive score test on the validation cohort (THRACE + C2).

Results:

Symptomatic ICH rate was similar between the two cohorts (9.9% and 8.9% respectively,
P
=0.9). Time from onset-to-successful recanalization >270 minutes (odds ratio [OR], 7.8 [95% CI, 2.5–24]), Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (≤5 [OR, 2.49 (95% CI, 1.8–8.1) or 6–7 [OR, 1.15 (95% CI, 1.03–4.46)]), glucose blood level >7 mmol/L (OR, 2.92 [95% CI, 1.26–6.7]), and EVF presence (OR, 11.9 [95% CI, 3.8–37.5]) were independent predictors of sICH and constituted the Time–Alberta Stroke Program Early CT–Glycemia–EVF score. Time–Alberta Stroke Program Early CT–Glycemia–EVF score was associated with an increased risk of sICH in the derivation cohort (OR increase per unit, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.53–2.59];
P
<0.001) with area under the curve, 0.832 [95% CI, 0.767–0.898]. The score had good performance in the validation cohort (area under the curve, 0.801 [95% CI, 0.69–0.91]).

Conclusions:

Time–Alberta Stroke Program Early CT–Glycemia–EVF score is a simple tool with readily available clinical variables with good performances for sICH prediction after mechanical thrombectomy.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01062698.
Performance evaluation of the high sensitive troponin I assay on the Atellica IM analyser
Authors: González de la Presa Bernardino , Chicha-Cattoir Valerie , Bedini Jose Luis , Vecchia Luigi , Lefevre Guillaume , Mira Aurea , Fernández Calle Pilar , Bonelli Efrem , Robert Tiphaine , Rico Nayra , de Pedro Maria Sanz , Canovi Simone , Buño Soto Antonio , Peoc’h Katell , Fasano Tommaso , Diaz-Garzon Jorge
Published: June 2022

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction Global Taskforce recommends the use of high sensitive troponin (hs-Tn) assays in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. We evaluated the analytical performance of the Atellica IM High-sensitivity Troponin I Assay (hs-TnI) (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Tarrytown, USA) and compared its performance to other hs-TnI assays (Siemens Advia Centaur, Dimension Vista, Dimension EXL, and Abbott Architect (Wiesbaden, Germany)) at one or more sites across Europe.
Precision, detection limit, linearity, method comparison, and interference studies were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. Values in 40 healthy individuals were compared to the manufacturer’s cut-offs. Sample turnaround time (TAT) was examined.
Imprecision repeatability CVs were 1.1–4.7% and within-lab imprecision were 1.8–7.6% (10.0–25,000 ng/L). The limit of blank (LoB), detection (LoD), and quantitation (LoQ) aligned with the manufacturer’s values of 0.5 ng/L, 1.6 ng/L, and 2.5 ng/L, respectively. Passing-Bablok regression demonstrated good correlations between Atellica IM analyser with other systems; some minor deviations were observed. All results in healthy volunteers fell below the 99th percentile URL, and greater than 50% of each sex demonstrated values above the LoD. No interference was observed for biotin (≤ 1500 µg/L), but a slight bias at 5.0 g/L haemoglobin and 50 ng/L Tn was observed. TAT from was fast (mean time = 10.9 minutes) and reproducible (6%CV).
Real-world analytical and TAT performance of the hs-TnI assay on the Atellica IM analyser make this assay fit for routine use in clinical laboratories.
Squatting Towards Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Simon
Published: June 2022

Citing his projects on the squatting body from the last three decades, Simon Leung traces the development of an “open form” in making an ongoing work on Hong Kong.
A “Marvelous Cosmopolitan Preserve”: The Dunes, Chicago, and the Dynamic Ecology of Henry Cowles
Authors: Cittadino Eugene
Published: June 2022

One of the most influential research and teaching programs to emerge in the new science of ecology in the early twentieth century was that which developed at the University of Chicago under the direction of botanist Henry Chandler Cowles. Not a prolific writer, Cowles was nevertheless author of two of the seminal papers in American plant ecology. On the basis of those early contributions, as well as his considerable abilities as field guide, he was able to draw numerous students into Chicago’s new plant ecology program for both introductory and advanced work. No small part of the attraction of the program was Cowles’s ability to interpret successional changes in vegetation in terms that fitted in well with the forward-looking, reform-minded mood of the educated elite of the nation and the city of Chicago during the early decades of the century. Cowles’s favorite outdoor laboratory, the region of sand dunes along the Indiana shore of Lake Michigan, provided the ideal setting for his vivid telling and retelling of the story of the struggles and transformations of plant communities toward the establishment of the inevitable climax community. Both this dramatic tale of progressive change and the unusual diversity of species and communities at the dunes reflected qualities of Chicago itself, and Cowles interpreted these ecological phenomena in a manner that bore a striking resemblance to the frontier hypothesis of Frederick Jackson Turner.
A new name for extant Salix × longissima T.E. Díaz & J. Andrés (Salicaceae)
Authors: IDREES MUHAMMAD , SHAW JULIAN M.H.
Published: June 2022

The genus Salix Linnaeus (1753: 1015) (Salicaceae), comprises about 300–520 species (Chao 1987, Fang et al. 1999, Ohashi 2001, Heywood et al. 2006, Massoumi 2009, Argus et al. 2010), with more than 200 hybrids (Isebrands & Richardson 2014). It is widely distributed in temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere and a few species also occur in the Southern Hemisphere (Heywood et al. 2006). Species of Salix are diverse in China (ca. 279 spp., Wang et al. 2015, He et al. 2016), the former Soviet Union (107 spp., Skvortsov, 1999), North America (103 spp., Argus 1997), and Europe (65 spp., Argus 1997). Skvortsov (1999) stated that Salix is most widespread in northern Eurasia, northern North America, and in the mountains of China. All species are trees or shrubs and of economic importance for use as a fragrance additive, biomass production, bioremediation and traditional medicine (Volk et al. 2006, Asgarpanah 2012, Guidi et al. 2013, Maistro et al. 2019).
Flora of the Serra do Cachimbo (Eastern Amazon, Brazil): Bambusoideae (Poaceae), including the description of two new species
Authors: LOPES-NETO RAIMUNDO BALIEIRO , VIANA PEDRO LAGE
Published: June 2022

This paper is a floristic and taxonomic treatment of the native bamboos from the Serra do Cachimbo, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Two collection expeditions were carried out in 2019 and 2021, in addition to the analysis of materials from herbaria. Ten genera and 17 species were found. Descriptions, identification keys, distribution and habitat data, taxonomic comments, and photographs are provided, along with illustrations and conservation status assessment for two new species. The most speciose genus was Olyra (four species), followed by Raddiella (three), Arthrostylidium (two), and Pariana (two); Actinocladum, Eremocaulon, Guadua, Merostachys, Parodiolyra, and Taquara were represented by one species each. Four species are here recorded for the first time for the states of Pará (Arthrostylidium simpliciusculum and Eremocaulon capitatum) and Mato Grosso (Pariana radiciflora and P. zingiberina). We also designate a lectotype for the basionym of E. capitatum and describe two new taxa to science: Arthrostylidium cachimboense and Merostachys cachimboensis.
Cyathea fabiolae (Cyatheaceae, Polypodiopsida), a new scaly tree fern from the northern Andes
Authors: TEJEDOR ADRIAN , GALLEGO LUIS FERNANDO GIRALDO , CALATAYUD GLORIA , LEHNERT MARCUS
Published: June 2022

A new species of Cyathea is described for Peru and Ecuador. The new species differs from congeners by a combination of traits including glabrescent and scurfless mature axes abaxially, concolorous orange-brown petiole scales, winged costae, and lack of indusium. It is illustrated and compared to similar species, and its biogeography is discussed.
A new genus for four myobatrachid frogs from the South Western Australian Ecoregion
Authors: WEBSTER GRANT N. , BOOL IAN
Published: June 2022

The southern Australian endemic genus Geocrinia Blake 1973 (Anura: Myobatrachidae) currently contains seven species, with five restricted to Western Australia and two in the south-eastern states covering parts of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. All species have a modified life history with at least some or all of the larval stage being completed terrestrially. Four of the Western Australian species have terrestrial, non-feeding tadpoles nourished by yolk until metamorphosis. The remaining species have a biphasic development with embryos developing on land followed by an aquatic tadpole stage. The presence of species groups within the Geocrinia has been recognised since the 1970s, with all relevant subsequent studies supporting a model of two groups within the genus, recovered as reciprocally monophyletic in phylogenetic analyses. We examined character traits of the seven recognised Geocrinia species, concluding that distinction of the two monophyletic groups is supported by differences in life history strategy, larval morphology, adult morphology, call structure, breeding season and geographic distribution. The differences between the two groups correspond to phylogenetic structuring for all traits except distribution. Given reciprocal monophyly, and greater variation in traits than present within other myobatrachid genera, we conclude that the two groups should be given generic distinction. We therefore describe a new genus, Anstisia gen. nov., for four Western Australian Geocrinia species, retaining three species in Geocrinia. This increases the number of recognised myobatrachid genera to 14: five are endemic to south-western Australia.
A new species of the genus Psilota Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from China
Authors: ZHAO LE , XIN LIU  , SMIT JOHN T. , LI GANG , LIU HAN-YUE , DANG LI-HONG , HUO KE-KE
Published: June 2022

The genus Psilota Meigen, 1822 is recorded for the first time from China, and the species Psilota bashanensis Huo and Zhao sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the adult male. The complete cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of this new species has been successfully obtained and compared to that of other congeneric species. An updated key to adult males of the genus Psilota from the Palaearctic Region is also provided.
A new species of the genus Megatachycines (Rhaphidophoridae: Aemodogryllinae: Aemodogryllini) from Guizhou, China
Authors: YIN KESONG , XIAO YUNXUE , LUO CHANGQING
Published: June 2022

Zhu et al. (2022) proposed the genus Megatachycines based on the description of a new species and the reviewed genus Microtachycines. In this study, a new species of Megatachycines, namely Megatachycines rectangularis sp. nov., from Guizhou Province, China is described. This new species is similar to Megatachycines elongatus, and the morphological differentiation between the two species is discussed. Morphological information including diagnosis of the new species, description of male genitalia, and some related photographs of males and females are provided.
Meschia brevirostris sp. nov., from New Caledonia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Meschiidae)
Authors: MALIPATIL MALLIK B. , MASŁOWSKI ADRIAN , DOBOSZ ROLAND , TASZAKOWSKI ARTUR
Published: June 2022

A new species, Meschia brevirostris sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Meschiidae), is described from New Caledonia. Photographs and SEM micrographs of the male and female habitus, genital structures and selected morphological structures are presented.
On a new species of the genus Zavrelimyia Fittkau, 1962 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from India with cladistic relationship and a world key to the known males
Authors: MONDAL DEBARSHI , MUKHERJEE TUHAR , HAZRA NILADRI
Published: June 2022

The adult male of Zavrelimyia (Paramerina) falcata sp.n. is described and illustrated from India. The DNA barcode of this new species is provided. The original description of Zavrelimyia (P.) valida (Paul, Hazra and Mazumdar, 2013) is corrected. The subgenus Schineriella Murray and Fittkau, 1988 of Zavrelimyia Fittkau is recorded in the Oriental region. A cladistic relationship of the species of Zavrelimyia Fittkau and a world key to the adult males of the genus Zavrelimyia Fittkau are provided.
Active vibration optimal control of piezoelectric cantilever beam with uncertainties
Authors: Cui Mingyue , Liu Hongzhao , Jiang Hualong , Zheng Yangbing , Wang Xing , Liu Wei
Published: June 2022

Considering the stiffness characteristics of piezoelectric layer, the bending stiffness of piezoelectric cantilever beam is obtained by applying the first-order shear deformation theory. The finite element model of piezoelectric cantilever beam is established by Hamilton variation principle, and the modal superposition method is employed to reduce the order of the finite element model. At the maximum strain point, the sensors/actuators are equipped in pairs. Based on the uncertain dynamic model of piezoelectric cantilever beam, the independent modal space control method based on LQR (linear quadratic regulator) control is employed for the active control of the smart beam structure, and the weighted matrices Q and R are selected according to the energy criterion. The numerical simulations and experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed finite element model and the active vibration optimal control.
Paperwork: Following the trail of (identity) papers in transnational commercial surrogacy
Authors: König Anika , Majumdar Anindita
Published: June 2022

Transnational surrogacy—the carrying of a child by a woman in one country on behalf of persons in another—is strongly shaped by documents. Of these, identity documents are particularly crucial as they establish the belonging of a child born through such an arrangement both to its parents (birth certificate) and to a country (passport). However, the acquisition of these documents is subject to national laws that may contradict one another in transnational settings where citizens of more than one country are involved. As a result, in the last few years, there have been several cases of children stuck in legal limbo without clear parenthood and citizenship. Based on ethnographic research in India and Germany, we analyze how in such a transnational setting, documents and documentation become part of the making and unmaking of persons and belonging.
Connecting Fathers: Fathers’ Impact on Adult Children's Social Networks
Authors: Soria Christopher , Lawton Leora
Published: June 2022

We examine the relationship between having an emotionally close and active father in an adult child's social network compared to having a father who is not close, or a father who was not named. We hypothesize that fathers provide both essential and important contributions to their children's psychosocial development, and those contributions continue into active adulthood. Using the 2015 UC Berkeley Social Networks Study (UCNets), we find that adult children who name an emotionally close father in their network tend to have more males as social ties, but not more female ties. We conclude that fathers continue to play an important and active role in their children's lives long after childhood.
Behind the Scenes: Teaching the Sociology of Tourism Abroad
Authors: Aliaga-Linares Lissette , Romero Troy
Published: June 2022

International travel has long been considered a key pedagogical strategy for global learning. Yet very little is known about whether study-abroad experiences increase students’ awareness of the impact of tourism as a global phenomenon. In this study, we assessed students’ learning through a content analysis of their journals and final essays from a short-term study-abroad course that used key concepts from the sociology of tourism to explore the impact of tourism in a developing country. Findings demonstrate how thinking sociologically about travel and tourism enabled students to look “behind the scenes,” fostered critical-thinking skills, helped in their self-assessment of ethnocentrism, and promoted a sense of global responsibility. We also discuss areas that merit further pedagogical attention, particularly when students struggle to unlearn preconceived ideas about poverty and inequality or resort to overgeneralizations when thinking comparatively.
Clinical application of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in local anesthesia for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Zhao Lu , Sun Zuojun , Shen Wenting , Zeng Yongheng
Published: June 2022

Objective

To investigate the clinical effect of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in local anesthesia for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).

Methods

Ninety patients undergoing elective endoscopic DCR were randomly divided into two groups, local anesthesia group (LA group n = 45) and general anesthesia group (GA group, n = 45). These subjects were all American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)-Physical Status I-II patients. The changes of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were observed and recorded before anesthesia (T0), after anesthesia (T1), at the beginning of surgery (T2), and at the end of surgery (T3). The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was observed and recorded immediately after awakening from anesthesia and at 1, 2, 6, and 12 h after surgery. Additionally, the occurrence of adverse reactions after surgery and the sedation-agitation scale (SAS) score after awakening were recorded.

Results

Compared with the LA group, the MAP and HR of the GA group were significantly lower at T1 and T2, but significantly higher at T3. Local anesthesia was associated with lower VAS score immediately after awakening and at 1, 2, 6, and 12 h after surgery. Also, local anesthesia caused a lower incidence of postoperative agitation, nausea, and vomiting. The SAS score in the LA group was markedly higher than that in the GA group.

Conclusion

Local anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and dezocine as adjuvants in endoscopic DCR has more stable hemodynamics and reduces the stress response during perioperative period. Also, this anesthesia achieves better postoperative sedation and analgesia effects, reduces postoperative complications, and improves the quality of awakening from anesthesia. Collectively, local anesthesia is a comfortable and safe option for patients with high risks of general anesthesia and those unwilling to receive general anesthesia.
Perceiving People With Physical Disabilities as Overcoming Adversity Warps Mind Perception
Authors: Sim Mattea , Hugenberg Kurt
Published: June 2022

Across six studies, we tested how people with physical disabilities were ascribed mental faculties. People with physical disabilities were seen as more capable of mental agency (e.g., thinking), but not more capable of experience (e.g., pain), compared to nondisabled people (Study 1). People with physical disabilities were also seen as more capable of supernatural mental agency (e.g., seeing the future, reading minds; Study 2). Believing that people with physical disabilities were more mentally agentic than nondisabled people was unrelated to Beliefs in a Just World (Study 3) but was related to beliefs about hardship (Study 4). Narratives of overcoming adversity, common in portrayals of the disabled community, increased the perceived mental sophistication of people with physical disabilities (Study 5). Finally, hardship narratives also affected helping behavior toward people with physical disabilities (Study 6). Thus, hardship stories surrounding individuals with disabilities may contribute to beliefs that they have particularly sophisticated minds.
Multistage Testing in Heterogeneous Populations: Some Design and Implementation Considerations
Authors: Rutkowski Leslie , Liaw Yuan-Ling , Svetina Dubravka , Rutkowski David
Published: June 2022

A central challenge in international large-scale assessments is adequately measuring dozens of highly heterogeneous populations, many of which are low performers. To that end, multistage adaptive testing offers one possibility for better assessing across the achievement continuum. This study examines the way that several multistage test design and implementation choices can impact measurement performance in this setting. To attend to gaps in the knowledge base, we extended previous research to include multiple, linked panels, more appropriate estimates of achievement, and multiple populations of varied proficiency. Including achievement distributions from varied populations and associated item parameters, we design and execute a simulation study that mimics an established international assessment. We compare several routing schemes and varied module lengths in terms of item and person parameter recovery. Our findings suggest that, particularly for low performing populations, multistage testing offers precision advantages. Further, findings indicate that equal module lengths—desirable for controlling position effects—and classical routing methods, which lower the technological burden of implementing such a design, produce good results. Finally, probabilistic misrouting offers advantages over merit routing for controlling bias in item and person parameters. Overall, multistage testing shows promise for extending the scope of international assessments. We discuss the importance of our findings for operational work in the international assessment domain.
Fluorescence-guided surgery for osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: a retrospective study
Authors: Aljohani Suad , Fliefel Riham , Brunner Teresa Franziska , Chronopoulos Aristeidis , Binmadi Nada , Otto Sven
Published: June 2022

Objective

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is one of the most severe head and neck complications in patients treated with radiotherapy. The goal of treatment is to suppress ORNJ progression. Currently, surgical removal of necrotic bone is an effective management approach for advanced stages. In this study, we present our experience in managing ORNJ using fluorescence-guided surgery.

Methods

Nineteen ORNJ lesions in 15 hospitalized patients were treated with fluorescence-guided surgery. We retrospectively reviewed patients’ demographic data, comorbidities, local preceding event, location, ORNJ stage, and treatment outcomes with a median follow-up of 12 months.

Results

Twelve lesions (63%) were treated surgically under tetracycline fluorescence, and seven lesions (37%) were surgically treated under auto-fluorescence. Overall, four lesions (21%) achieved complete mucosal healing, eight lesions (42%) showed partial mucosal healing with bone exposure and no signs or symptoms of inflammation, and seven lesions (37%) were progressive. The results showed that either healing or ORNJ stabilization was achieved in 63% of lesions (n = 12).

Conclusion

Fluorescence-guided surgery can be beneficial in curing or stabilizing ORNJ. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Firm decline and the mobility of US inventors, 1976–2015
Authors: Haller Melissa
Published: June 2022

Because innovation is a key driver of economic growth, the mobility of inventors is one important consideration for firms and policy makers. While considerable research examines the factors that influence inventor mobility in general, this research traces US inventors in response to firm decline. Using regression to model inventors’ probability of patenting in a new firm or moving to a new city, I find that the most skilled and well-connected inventors have the easiest transition after leaving a struggling company, but they are also most likely to move away to seek re-employment. After the decline of a major firm, inventors are less likely to move away from cities with more diverse regional economies.
Numerical Investigation of Hydraulic Conductivity Variation on Highway Slopes Made of Expansive Yazoo Clay
Authors: Khan Mohammad Sadik , Nobahar Masoud , Ivoke John , Amini Farshad
Published: June 2022

Expansive soils cover more than 25% of the total area of the United States and are subjected to shrink-swell behavior with moisture variation. With successive moisture and temperature variations over the seasons, the hydraulic conductivity of the expansive soil is subjected to change because of the development of shrinkage cracks which affect the vertical hydraulic conductivity, whereas the horizontal hydraulic conductivity remains negligibly constant. This affects the percolation behavior of the subgrade soil and, in turn, reduces the soil strength, as one of the major factors of slope failure. However, no study has been done on the change in the hydraulic properties of expansive soil with time and its effect on highway slopes. The current study intends to investigate the hydraulic conductivity and matric suction variation at different wet-dry cycles on highway slopes. An instantaneous profile method to investigate the changes in hydraulic conductivity during 1N to 5N wet-dry cycles was utilized. The finite element method in Plaxis was conducted to evaluate the effect of different frequencies and duration of rainfall on water intrusion, and the corresponding change in the matric suction of the highway slope. The selected rainfall pattern is evaluated at different intensities and durations of rainfall based on 100-years return periods. The flow analysis showed that the suction dropped at the highway slope with the presence of rainfall.
The Dutch in Bengal, C. 1650–1707 and Their Relations with Local Mughal Administration
Authors: Ashafaque Nadara
Published: June 2022

This article studies Dutch East India Company’s interest in Bengal and their relations with local Mughal officials during the seventeenth century. The Dutch faced constant problems with the local officials. The Dutch tried to win favour from the Mughal Emperor in order to carry on its trade smoothly. Therefore, they procured farmans (royal decree issued by emperor) from the Mughal Emperor to reduce custom duties or sought imperial protection and patronage for safe passage of their goods from place to place and very helpful orders ( parwanas, nishans) from several succeeding Subahdars which put the Dutch position in Bengal on a firmer footing. In spite of Imperial farmans and grants, local officials along the Hugli were inclined to hinder the Dutch vessels carrying grain, opium, saltpetre and sugar. However, the Dutch could overcome these difficulties with their own brand of commercial diplomacy, sometimes using threats, at other times with presents and bribes. Seldom did they interfere in the politics of Bengal, preferring always to focus on their trade. Like the Dutch, other European companies were also traded there and established factories in the region of Bengal. The most effectual weapons in the hands of the Company were the system of ‘passports’. Under this system, the European companies insisted that local traders intending to send ships to other ports whether in India or abroad must first obtain their permission in a document called the ‘passport’ or the ‘pass’.
Effects of surfactant and MoO3 nanofluid on tribological and machining characteristics in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL)-turning of AISI 304 steel
Authors: Shukla Rahul , Tiwari Arun Kumar , Agarawal Sanjay
Published: June 2022

Friction, cooling performance, and human and environmental toxicity are always been of great concern for cutting fluids in conventional machining processes. Thus to tackle the above problems, nano-cutting fluids are predominately utilized in machining industries because of their better lubricity and heat transferability. Besides the above-listed advantages, the nanofluids came up with their stability issue with time. In such a scenario, the surfactants are mixed with nano-cutting fluids in optimum ratio to cop-up the stability issue. The surfactants also possess good lubricant properties, so the surfactants not only stabilize the nano-cutting fluids but also contribute to machining performance. The current experimental study also inspects the effect of surfactants on tribological and machining characteristics in the minimum quantity lubrication-turning of AISI 304 steel. Herein, MoO3/water nanofluid is mixed with six different surfactants. Zeta potential and thermal conductivity tests are performed initially to obtain an optimum value of mixture ratio and volumetric concentration. The observed outcomes exhibited a significant reduction in cutting forces, friction coefficient, surface roughness, tool wear, and contact angle. In the present study, SPAN20 surfactant at a mixture ratio of 3:2 and 0.45 vol% provide the best machining performance, which significantly reduced the average cutting force and tool wear by 32.05% and 53%, respectively, with a minimum surface roughness of 1.21 µm.
Optimal flight trajectory synthesis for an anti-collision maneouvre performed within environment of moving obstacles
Authors: Graffstein Jerzy
Published: June 2022

For solving the airplane-to-obstacle collision avoidance problem, two methods are necessary, that is, one for detecting a collision threat and the other one for synthesizing a safe manoeuvre avoiding threating obstacles. In the article, a method for detecting a threat of collision to obstacle was presented for the case of many obstacles moving within the neighbourhood of the airplane. Methods for optimal anti-collision trajectory synthesis and for proving the workability of such a result were proposed too. A solution of an optimisation problem, obtained by the swarm of particles optimization (PSO) was used for trajectory synthesis. A form of quality index was proposed for this task and the analyses of its behaviour for several values of weighting factors were presented. Results of simulations of flight along an optimal, anti-collision manoeuvre trajectory proved that such a manoeuvre is workable.
Mind Wandering Impedes Response Inhibition by Affecting the Triggering of the Inhibitory Process
Authors: Jana Sumitash , Aron Adam R.
Published: June 2022

Mind wandering is a state in which our mental focus shifts toward task-unrelated thoughts. Although it is known that mind wandering has a detrimental effect on concurrent task performance (e.g., decreased accuracy), its effect on executive functions is poorly studied. Yet the latter question is relevant to many real-world situations, such as rapid stopping during driving. Here, we studied how mind wandering would affect the requirement to subsequently stop an incipient motor response. In healthy adults, we tested whether mind wandering affected stopping and, if so, which component of stopping was affected: the triggering of the inhibitory brake or the implementation of the brake following triggering. We observed that during mind wandering, stopping latency increased, as did the percentage of trials with failed triggering. Indeed, 67% of the variance of the increase in stopping latency was explained by increased trigger failures. Thus, mind wandering primarily affects stopping by affecting the triggering of the brake.
A Network Analysis of Children’s Emerging Place-Value Concepts
Authors: Bower Corinne A. , Mix Kelly S. , Yuan Lei , Smith Linda B.
Published: June 2022

Examining how informal knowledge systems change after formal instruction is imperative to understanding learning processes and conceptual development and to implementing effective educational practices. We used network analyses to determine how the organization of informal knowledge about multidigit numbers in kindergartners ( N = 279; mean age = 5.76 years, SD = 0.55; 135 females) supports and is transformed by a year of in-school formal instruction. The results show that in kindergarten, piecemeal knowledge about the surface properties of reading and writing multidigit numbers and the use of base-10 units to determine large quantities are strongly associated with each other and connected in a stringlike manner to other emerging skills. After a year of instruction, each skill becomes connected to the “hub” abilities of reading and writing multidigit numbers, which also become strongly connected to more advanced knowledge of base-10 principles. These findings provide new insights into how partial knowledge provides the backbone on which explicit principles are learned.
Back to Basics: The Importance of Conceptual Clarification in Psychological Science
Authors: Bringmann Laura F. , Elmer Timon , Eronen Markus I.
Published: June 2022

Although the lack of conceptual clarity has been observed to be a widespread and fundamental problem in psychology, conceptual clarification plays a mostly marginal role in psychological research. In this article, we argue that better conceptualization of psychological phenomena is needed to move psychology forward as a science. We first show how conceptual unclarity seeps through all aspects of psychological research, from everyday concepts to statistical measures. We then turn to recommendations on how to improve conceptual clarity in psychology, emphasizing the importance of seeing research as an iterative process in which it is necessary to revisit the phenomena that are the foundations of theories and models, as well as how they are conceptualized and measured.
The Contribution of Communication to Employee Satisfaction in Service Firms: A Causal Configurational Analysis
Authors: Curado Carla , Henriques Paulo Lopes , Jerónimo Helena Mateus , Azevedo Jéssica
Published: June 2022

Following social exchange theory, which claims that a set of dimensions lead to employee satisfaction, we tested a sample of 163 employees from companies operating in the services sector in Portugal. We used a fsQCA approach to identify the configurations of conditions that lead to the presence and absence of satisfaction. The results show that there are several paths leading to high satisfaction, which require the simultaneous existence of three levels of communication: the organization, the leader and peers. Equally, there are a number of paths that lead to low satisfaction. Our findings enrich social exchange theory as a theoretical background to understanding the complex nature of satisfaction and to illustrating which conditions promote reciprocity among employees through higher levels of satisfaction.
Emotion, Rhetoric, and Entrepreneurial Experience: A Survey of Start-Up Community Membership
Authors: Gogan Brian , Belinsky Stacy J.
Published: June 2022

This article connects work on emotion, rhetoric, and entrepreneurial experience as it reports findings from a questionnaire issued to 80 entrepreneurs who belong to the global entrepreneur community Startup Grind. The findings from this study offer researchers a more robust representation of the rhetorical theories that guide entrepreneurs’ professional communication practices. In particular, the authors report on the distribution and dependency between two variables: operative rhetorical theory (indicated by one of four choices) and entrepreneurial experience (indicated by number of ventures and total years of experience).
Qualitative Study on the Information Needs of Patients Undergoing Da Vinci Robotic Surgery
Authors: Wu Qiuping , Pei Haoyu , Ran Xiaoli , Chen Xian , Jiang Limei , Wei Aihua , Xiang Xing , Wang Yaling , Gan Xiaoqin
Published: June 2022

To explore the information needs and experiences of patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic surgery and to establish a reference for providing information support to these patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients who underwent robotic surgery. Thematic analysis was subsequently executed on the data obtained from the interviews to identify the themes. Thematic analysis generated two main themes with six supporting sub-themes. The main themes were (1) surgical information acquisition experience and (2) the need for personalization to obtain satisfactory information. Patients who received Da Vinci robotic surgery had insufficient understanding of the surgical methods and possessed high demand for surgical-related information. Although patients’ understanding of robotic surgery might be improved through multi-channel information support, due to the differences in patient access to information, personalized experiences would occur during this process. Professional information support could effectively enhance their positive psychological experiences with surgery.
Understanding the History, Theoretical Perspectives, and Influence of Mindfulness: Building Sustainability Through Mindfulness in Education
Authors: Kim Dong Jin
Published: June 2022

This study presents an understanding of the influence of mindfulness in the educational field at student, teacher, and principal levels. The review includes a definition of mindfulness, value of mindfulness, and a new perspective of education based on physical and mental health. The prevailing COVID-19 pandemic subjects school academics to unexpected situations. I present in this paper the history, practice, and influence of mindfulness in both Eastern and Western traditions as a proven stress reliever. I also evaluate its impact on the training that students, teachers, and principals undergo, and are thus likely to provide, throughout their schools.
Radiographic Cutoff Values for Predicting Lateral Bony Impingement in Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity
Authors: Kim Jaeyoung , Rajan Lavan , Fuller Robert , Sofka Carolyn , Cororaton Agnes , Demetracopoulos Constantine , Ellis Scott , Deland Jonathan
Published: June 2022

Background:

Lateral bony impingement is a major cause of lateral foot pain in progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD). Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) provides better sensitivity than standard radiographs for detecting impingement. However, many orthopaedic centers have not yet acquired WBCT imaging. This study aimed to (1) investigate the correlation of common radiographic parameters measured on standard weightbearing radiographs with talocalcaneal and calcaneofibular distance assessed with WBCT and (2) establish radiographic cutoff values to detect bony impingement as identified on WBCT.

Methods:

Ninety-one patients treated for PCFD with standard preoperative radiographs and WBCT were identified. Patients with asymmetric ankle arthritis (talar tilt >2 degrees) were excluded. The talocalcaneal distance at the sinus tarsi and calcaneofibular distance were measured in multiplanar reconstructed WBCT images. Impingement was defined as direct abutment between bones. The relationships between WBCT measurements and 4 common parameters (talonavicular coverage angle [TNC], talo–first metatarsal angle, calcaneal pitch, and hindfoot moment arm [HMA]) in standard radiographs were assessed with Pearson correlations. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis evaluated the ability of radiographic cutoffs to detect sinus tarsi or calcaneofibular bony impingement, and the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated.

Results:

Talocalcaneal distance narrowing at the sinus tarsi strongly correlated with TNC ( r = 0.64, P < .001), and the calcaneofibular distance narrowing correlated with the HMA moderately yet best among the parameters ( r = 0.55, P < .001). TNC (AUC = 0.837, 95% CI 0.745-0.906) and HMA (AUC=0.959, 95% CI 0.895-0.989) provided the best predictive ability for sinus tarsi and calcaneofibular bony impingement, respectively. A TNC threshold of 41.2 degrees had a 100% PPV for predicting sinus tarsi impingement, whereas an HMA threshold of 38.1 mm had a 100% PPV for calcaneofibular impingement.

Conclusion:

This study provides evidence that TNC and HMA measurements made on standing radiographs could be used to indicate potential lateral bony impingement in PCFD. Narrowing of talocalcaneal distance best correlated with abduction deformity of the foot, and the narrowing of calcaneofibular distance was best correlated with valgus hindfoot deformity.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, case control study.
Measurement Invariance of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory and Multimethod Examination of Narcissistic Presentations in Community and Clinical Samples
Authors: Di Pierro Rossella , Costantini Giulio , Fanti Erika , Di Sarno Marco , Preti Emanuele , Madeddu Fabio , Clarkin John F. , Caligor Eve , De Panfilis Chiara
Published: June 2022

The Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) is extensively used in recent empirical literature on pathological narcissism. However, most studies using the PNI are community-based, and no studies have used the PNI to investigate narcissistic presentations in personality disordered patients. This study investigates measurement invariance of the PNI in community participants and patients with personality disorders, and examines differences of narcissistic presentations in these samples through a multimethod approach. Results show that the PNI can be used reliably to measure and compare traits of pathological narcissism in community participants and patients with personality disorders. Personality disordered patients show higher traits reflecting vulnerable narcissism and overt manifestations of grandiose narcissism, compared with controls. Finally, network analysis indicates that traits of grandiose fantasies and entitlement rage have a central role in defining manifestations of PNI pathological narcissism, regardless of the presence of an underlying personality disorder. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
Adaptive sliding mode control of switched linear systems using disturbance observer based on the RBF neural network
Authors: Hosseini Jaber , Rahmani Zahra , Ranjbar Noei Abolfazl
Published: June 2022

This study deals with analyze of an adaptive sliding model controller for a class of switched linear systems in the context of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) using RBF neural network (RBFNN) with the aid of disturbance observer (DO). For this purpose, adaptive laws and switching rules are designed. These are constructed based on tracking error and sliding mode control, together with using time-dependent switching conceptualizations. A DO is used to estimate the external disturbance with an adaptive RBFNN which is applied to obtain the external disturbance upper bound estimation, combined with an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) under the identic Lyapunov stability framework. The switching rules are based on dwell time (DT) and average dwell time (ADT) switching. The ASMC updates the system dynamics so that it assures the proposed closed-loop switched linear system stability via fast switching, resulting in the form of globally uniformly ultimately bounded (GUUB) stability. The convergence of the process of updating the weights in the adaptive RBFNN and the boundedness of updated estimates of weights are satisfied. Achieving the state tracking, robustness, reducing the chattering problem and anti-disturbance performance are the main objectives. Moreover, switching rules based on the mode-dependent approaches have been developed, which can allow faster switching as compared to switching rules based on the DT and ADT. Finally, to evaluate the efficiency of the obtained theoretical results, the controller and the proposed method have been tested on the electro-hydraulic system (EHS).
Revisiting the Micro-Foundations of the Tiebout Theory of Local Expenditures: Are Private Community Amenities Substitutes for Local Public Services in Residential Choices?
Authors: Canales Kristine , Kropf Martha , Leland Suzanne , Maestas Cherie
Published: June 2022

Tiebout's theory of local expenditures predicts the efficient provision of local tax and expenditure bundles via market forces occur when individuals “vote with their feet” (Tiebout 1956). Private amenity choices may distort market signals to local governments. Thus we conduct a conjoint experiment to explore how citizens make choices among hypothetical apartment homes, varying public and club good attributes. This allows us to vary both apartment community and city amenities independently to determine whether private club or public amenities are more influential in shaping residency choices. Regardless of the quality of city services, citizens on average are willing to pay for an additional layer of safety provided by an apartment complex. We conclude that the city's tax expenditure bundle is not the only consideration in residential location choice, suggesting that there is disruption in the efficient provision of public goods.