bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Parent-Led Intervention for Increasing Food Acceptance in a Young Child: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Caldwell Angela R. , Terhorst Lauren , Raina Ketki , Rogers Joan
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016

Food refusal in young children is common. Parent-led intervention is needed to support improvement during daily meals. This pilot study supports the use of parent-led intervention and data collection for family-centered intervention optimization.

Primary Author and Speaker: Angela R Caldwell

Contributing Authors: Lauren Terhorst, Ketki Raina, Joan Rogers
The Effects of Abnormal Sensory Processing and Maladaptive Behaviors of Children on Parent Participation in Occupations
Authors: DaLomba Elaina , Baxter Mary Frances , O’Donnell Anne E. , Hersch Gayle
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016

This study used correlation and regression analyses to explore effects of children’s abnormal sensory processing and maladaptive behaviors on parent participation. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.

Primary Author and Speaker: Elaina DaLomba

Contributing Authors: Mary Frances Baxter, Anne E. O’Donnell, Gayle Hersch
Task-Oriented Training at Home for Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Rowe Veronica
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016

The effectiveness and feasibility of translating a stroke-specific, task-oriented training program to the context of participants’ homes is explored. Participants improved upper-extremity functional movement with this intervention, which is based on behavioral neuroscience and motor learning theory.

Primary Author and Speaker: Veronica Rowe
Correlating Early Motor Skills to White Matter Abnormalities in Preterm Infants
Authors: Coker-Bolt Patty , Humphries Emma , Barbour Andrew , Jenkins Dorothea , Tillman Jordan , Ward Emily
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016

Neuroimaging of specific white matter (WM) tracts can predict early motor skills in a cohort of preterm infants. Several WM tracts indicate that connectivity of the frontal cortex, the occipital visual cortex, the temporal lobe, and thalamus are important to early motor skill development.

Primary Author and Speaker: Patty Coker-Bolt

Additional Authors and Speaker: Emma Humphries, Andrew Barbour, Dorothea Jenkins, Jordan Tillman, Emily Ward
Feasibility of a Cognitive Strategy Training Intervention for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Foster Erin , Toglia Joan , Spence Daniel
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/7/2016

Cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) contributes to disability and reduced quality of life. This study supports the feasibility and potential effect of a cognitive strategy training intervention for PD, an important step in ensuring it can be implemented effectively in clinical practice.

Primary Author and Speaker: Erin Foster

Additional Authors and Speakers: Daniel Spence

Contributing Authors: Joan Toglia
Satisfaction Is Associated With Participation: Everyday Occupations Measured With the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire
Authors: Bergström Aileen , Eriksson Gunilla , Guidetti Susanne , Tham Kerstin
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

Participation in everyday occupations and satisfaction were explored with the Occupational Gaps Questionnaire in persons after a stroke. Findings empirically show that people are satisfied when participating in occupations that they want to do, supporting an assumption in occupational therapy.

Primary Author and Speaker: Aileen Bergström

Contributing Authors: Gunilla Eriksson, Susanne Guidetti, Kerstin Tham
Gender Disparities in Caregiver Stress for Providing Help to Older Mexican-Americans: A Descriptive Study of the HEPESE
Authors: Collins Diane , Kumar Amit , Downer Brian , Karmarkar Amol , Markides Kyriakos S.
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

Women report greater burden (arthritis and depressive symptoms) associated with caregiving than do men. Occupational therapists can provide education in joint protection, body mechanics, and assistive devices for caregivers with painful joints, as well as teach techniques to alleviate depressive symptoms.

Primary Author and Speaker: Diane M. Collins

Contributing Authors: Amit Kumar, Brian Downer, Amol Karmarkar, Kyriakos S. Markides
A Model of Family Health: Contributors to Robust Family Health and Implications for Occupational Therapy Practice
Authors: Smith Sarah , DeGrace Beth
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

Grounded theory methods were used to develop a preliminary model of family health that explicitly framed families’ experiences of health and factors that mediated robust family health. Understanding these constructs can support occupational therapy practitioner’s efficacious and family-centered service delivery.

Primary Author and Speaker: Sarah Smith

Additional Author and Speaker: Beth DeGrace
Incidence and Patterns of Gravitational Insecurity in Adults and Adolescents
Authors: May-Benson Teresa , Teasdale Alison , Santos Faria Wallado Juno
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

Incidence and patterns of gravitational insecurity by age and gender in adults and adolescents were examined. Significant relationships between gravitational insecurity, anxiety, and sensory processing difficulties support the importance of identifying and treating this problem.

Primary Author and Speaker: Teresa May-Benson

Contributing Authors: Alison Teasdale, Wallado Juno Santos Faria
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Aging-in-Place Techniques for the Baby Boomer Population
Authors: Rai Gillian , Burde Adrian , Jividen Wes , Washington Trey
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

This research study was a retrospective analysis to identify relevant factors that contribute to the implementation of aging-in-place techniques among Baby Boomers living in the Roanoke area. Occupational therapists would benefit from learning about the barriers to Baby Boomers implementing aging-in-place techniques.

Primary Author and Speaker: Gillian Rai

Additional Authors and Speakers: Wes Jividen, Trey Washington,

Contributing Author: Adrian Burde
Description and Prediction of Prioritized Everyday Activity Problems Among People With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Brandt Åse , Peoples Hanne , Wæhrens Eva Ejlertsen , la Cour Karen
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

The study among 164 persons with advanced cancer showed that the everyday activity problems they prioritized mainly concerned fulfilment of social roles, maintaining everyday life, and enjoying leisure activities. Types of activity problems could not be predicted for subgroups.

Primary Author and Speaker: Åse Brandt

Contributing Authors: Hanne Peoples, Eva Ejlertsen Wæhrens, Karen la Cour
Efficacy of a Manualized Intervention to Enhance Manual Dexterity for Children Ages 5–7 Yr
Authors: Schultz-Krohn Winifred , Gaw Christine , de Bruijin Natalie , Jamieson Emily , Huntley Sara
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

This quantitative investigation used a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd Ed. (BOT–2) was used to identify gains in manual dexterity after a 6-wk intervention for young school-age children with manual dexterity deficits.

Primary Author and Speaker: Winifred Schult-Krohn

Additional Authors and Speakers: Christine Gaw, Natalie de Bruijin, Emily Jamieson, Sara Huntley
Accuracy and Clinical Usability of Goniometer Applications
Authors: Calk Patti , Stewart Laura , Thomas Summer , Reichardt Emilee
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

The purpose of this poster presentation is to evaluate the reliability and validity of various goniometer applications as well as their ease of use for practitioners. The results of this study contribute to the science-driven and evidence-based profession of occupational therapy.

Primary Author and Speaker: Patti Calk

Additional Author and Speaker: Emilee Reichardt

Contributing Authors: Laura Stewart, Summer Thomas
Lived Experiences of Families: Outcomes of Participation in an Interprofessional Education Program
Authors: Beard-Raymond Monica , Holloway Sarah , Mankey Tina
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

This qualitative research explored the outcomes and decision-making process of parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities who participated in an interprofessional program for health professionals. Findings suggest that problem-based learning is beneficial for participating families.

Primary Author and Speaker: Monica Beard-Raymond

Additional Authors and Speakers: Sarah Holloway, Tina Mankey
A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial of Tailored Home Modifications To Improve Activities of Daily Living
Authors: Stark Susan , Stark Susan , Keglovits Marian , Somerville Emily
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/7/2016

We aimed to determine the effectiveness of home modifications in reducing falls and maintaining independence in ADLs for older adults. Those who received treatment experienced a decrease in falls at 6 months and an improvement in daily activity performance that was maintained at 12 months.

Primary Author and Speaker: Susan Stark

Contributing Authors and Additional Speakers: Marian Keglovits, Emily Somerville
Innovative Knowledge Translation Strategies Used to Promote the Use of the COPM in Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Hansen Piper , Hammel Joy , Magasi Susan , Moore Jennifer , Heinemann Allen
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/9/2016

The purpose of this research is to explore the effect of both knowledge translation strategies and transformative curriculum design on the standardized use of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and reported self-efficacy in inpatient stroke rehabilitation. A moderate to large effect size occurred after the education.

Primary Author and Speaker: Piper Hansen

Contributing Authors: Joy Hammel, Susan Magasi, Jennifer Moore, Allen Heinemann
Brain–Behavior Relationships Measuring Attention Differences Among Children With Autism and Age-Matched Peers
Authors: Marshall Emily , Khetani Mary , LaGasse Blythe , Lin Mei-Heng , Crasta Jewel , Gavin William J. , Davies Patricia
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/10/201

Children with high-functioning autism have different brain processing and brain–behavior relationships than typically developing peers. Results may inform how occupational therapists select therapeutic approaches and stimulate adaptive responses during therapy for improving everyday activities.

Primary Author and Speaker: Emily Marshall

Contributing Authors: Mary Khetani, Blythe LaGasse, Mei-Heng Lin, Jewel Crasta, William J. Gavin, Patricia Davies
Comparing Measurement Precisions of Short Forms: Measuring Self-Care Physical Function in Veterans
Authors: Li Chih-Ying (Cynthia) , Hong Ickpyo , Romero Sergio , Velozo Craig , Simpson Annie , Bonilha Heather , Simpson Kit
Published: November 2016

Date Presented 4/10/2016

This study compared measurement precision across item bank and six 4- and 8-item short forms (SFs). Overall, SFs with the same numbers of items demonstrated similar precision. The findings provide empirical evidence for compromising between efficiency and precision when measuring client’s function.

Primary Author and Speaker: Chih-Ying (Cynthia) Li

Additional Speakers: Ickpyo Hong, Sergio Romero, Craig Velozo, Annie Simpson, Heather Bonilha, Kit Simpson
Prudential Regulation in an Artificial Banking System
Authors: Quinaz Pedro Dias , Curto José Dias
Published: November 2016

This study is an exploratory analysis of the economic role of banks under different prudential frameworks. It considers an agent-based computational model populated by consumers, firms, banks, and a central bank whose out-of-equilibrium interactions replicate the conjunct dynamics of a banking system, a financial market and the real economy. A calibrated version of the model is shown to provide an intelligible account of several recurring economic phenomena, thus constituting a favorable ground for policy analysis. The investigation provides a valuable methodological contribution to the field of banking research and sheds new light on the role of banks and their prudential regulation. Specifically, the results suggest that banks are key economic agents. Through their financial intermediation activity, credit institutions facilitate investment and promote growth.
Effect of increased temperature on carbon and nitrogen uptake of
two intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina
germanica)
Authors: Wukovits Julia , Enge Annekatrin J. , Wanek Wolfgang , Watzka Margarete , Heinz Petra
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Benthic foraminifera are highly abundant heterotrophic protists in marine sediments, but intertidal communities are expected to undergo future changes. Environmental changes can exceed the tolerance limits of intertidal species causing a shift in species composition which might result in altered nutrient fluxes. Factors limiting the abundance of specific foraminiferal species can be temperature related stress tolerance or food source processing efficiency. In this study, we performed a laboratory feeding experiment on Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica, two dominant foraminiferal species of the German Wadden Sea/Friedrichskoog, to test the effect of temperature on phytodetritus ingestion. The specimens were fed with 13C and 15N labelled freeze dried Dunaliella tertiolecta (green algae) at the start of the experiment and were incubated at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C respectively. Dual labelling was applied to observe potential temperature effects on the relation of phytodetrital carbon and nitrogen retention. Samples were taken over a period of two weeks. Foraminiferal cytoplasm was isotopically analysed to investigate differences in carbon and nitrogen uptake derived from the food source. Both species showed a positive response to the provided food source, but carbon uptake rates of A. tepida were 10-fold higher compared to those of H. germanica. Increased temperatures had a far stronger impact on carbon uptake of H. germanica than on A. tepida. A distinct increase in levels of phytodetrital derived nitrogen (compared to more steady carbon levels) could be observed over the course of the experiment. The results suggest that higher temperatures have a significant negative effect on the carbon exploitation of H. germanica. For A. tepida, higher carbon uptake rates and the enhanced tolerance range for higher temperatures could outline an advantage in warmer periods, if the main food source consists of chlorophyte phytodetritus. These conditions are likely to impact nutrient fluxes in A. tepida/H. germanica associations.
Characterization of HILDCAA events using Recurrence Quantification Analysis
Authors: Mendes Odim , Domingues Margarete Oliveira , Echer Ezequiel , Hajra Rajkumar , Menconi Varlei Everton
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Taking into account the primary mechanisms for transfer particles and energy into the magnetosphere, we have studied the dynamical characteristics of High-Intensity Long-Duration Continuous Auroral Activity (HILDCAA) events using a long-term geomagnetic database (1975–2012). The Recurrence Quantification Analysis method was applied on the auroral electrojet indices during HILDCAA events to characterize their dynamics. After, we compared those results with the ones obtained for geomagnetically quiet periods when there was no appreciable auroral activity. As result, the quantification allowed to find specific characteristics of these two distinct regimes. The HILDCAA events can be described as unique processes responsible for complex transfers of energy and particles from the solar wind plasmas into the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. We also suggest that the scenario of these processes is related to concurrent magnetospheric mechanisms (magnetic reconnection and viscous interaction). At last, we reinforce the potential applicability of the RQA method for characterization of various nonlinear geomagnetic processes related to these phenomenology.
Cacophony and Change in Youth After School Activities: Findings from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development
Authors: Theokas Christina , Lerner Jacqueline V. , Phelps Erin , Lerner Richard M.
Published: November 2016

This paper describes the configuration and changes in young adolescents’ participation in structured after school activities. Using data from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development the 983 youth studied in both the first and the second waves of this research (fifth and sixth grade, respectively) were found to engage in structured after school activities at high levels. Fewer than 12% did not participate in any activities. Participation in multiple activities was the norm for these youth and the configuration of activities changed between grades. The breadth of participation in structured after school activities suggests, first, that it would be ideal to have broad community collaboration in regard to youth programming to ensure that youth receive excellent programming, no matter where they turn; and, second, that youth development researchers and practitioners need to consider new approaches to conceptualizing and evaluating the possible role of any one after-school program in promoting exemplary development.
Analysis of Minority Participation in Texas’ East Region 4-H and Youth Development Program in Relationship to Leadership, Marketing, and Educational Opportunities
Authors: Williams Montza , Howard Jeff W.
Published: November 2016

Several studies have shown that life skill development is positively related to 4-H club participation. However, this study indicates that even though the 4-H club program is available to all youth, fewer minorities choose to participate and, thus, lose the opportunity to benefit from the positive outcomes. Targeting specific diverse audiences has been a mandate for the 4-H and Youth Development Program since desegregation of the 1960s and efforts have been made to make educational programming available to everyone. Nonetheless, are current techniques being used effectively? Youth are not all alike and differences should be understood. This study gathered information that addressed some ethnic/racial issues pertaining to marketing the 4-H and Youth Development Program. It was determined that differences did exist for youth involved in the East Region 4-H and Youth Development Program and in order to market to the specific audiences, certain media should be used.
Cross-Cultural Understanding Through Youth Sports: Bridging the Tolerance Gap Through Youth Development
Authors: Ross Craig M. , Jamieson Lynn M. , Mitchell Donald W.
Published: November 2016

The USPORT-Kyrgyzstan project was an ambitious initiative of public diplomacy, sports diplomacy, cross-cultural exchange, in-country grassroots projects, and international cooperation. The project consisted of three phrases which included youth recreational sport programming, youth leadership and development training, and youth tolerance training. Overall, it proved to be an extremely effective form of intervention that provided youth in this region of the Middle East with many positive and constructive youth sports and leadership development opportunities.
A Process and Outcome Evaluation of Police Working with Youth Programs
Authors: Anderson Stephen A. , Sabatelli Ronald M. , Trachtenberg Jennifer
Published: November 2016

A process and outcome evaluation of 10 Police Working with Youth Programs was conducted. Process results indicated that the core components of the programs were consistent with those identified in previous literature as characteristic of quality youth development programs. Outcome results indicated that youth participants reported significantly improved attitudes toward police and social support received from significant, non-familial adults. Two subgroups of youth, most notably minority youth and younger participants in lower grade levels, reported positive changes in their capacity to resist peer pressures. Minority youth reported positive changes in their sense of mastery over stressful life situations. Relationships between core program components and youth outcomes also were examined. Implications of the findings and future process and outcome evaluations of youth programs are discussed.
The Youth Empowered for Success Program: A Multi-faceted Approach to Youth Leadership Development and School Culture Change in Southern Arizona
Authors: Parrish Pam , Wilhelm Mari , Florez-Urcadez Yvette , Jeffrey Daniel A. , Roebuck James , Burnett Bill B.
Published: November 2016

Arizona’s first Teen Institute (TI) program, Youth Empowered for Success, began in July 2004. It is the first TI-based project to focus on nurturing resilience via Health Realization (Pransky, 2007). The YES program’s design to “create conditions for success” in high schools is discussed. YES utilizes a strengths-based, multi-faceted approach of (1) teaching participants how to access their innate resilience and common sense (Health Realization), (2) training them in community development for school culture change and (3) helping them develop meaningful partnerships with adults. YES also expands upon the TI model by providing staff support for community development throughout the academic year. It is hypothesized that these efforts ultimately will increase overall well-being and reduce the incidence of alcohol, tobacco and other drug use (ATOD) as well as depression and suicide among youth.
Measuring Positive Youth Development: The Development of a State Benchmark
Authors: Nystrom Robert J. , Prata Adriana , Ramowski Sarah Knipper
Published: November 2016

Public health benchmarks are indicators for well-being and health status that help inform program planning and policy development. In Oregon, recent efforts by a group of state agencies and community partners led to the adoption of a Positive Youth Development (PYD) benchmark by the Oregon Progress Board in 2006. In this paper, we describe the process of creating the state benchmark and present research evidence showing strong relationships that link high levels of PYD to reduced levels of risk behaviors and increased levels of positive, healthy behaviors among Oregon youth. The creation of this benchmark allows better planning, development and monitoring of PYD programs by state agencies, schools and community partners. In addition, results reinforce the finding that the promotion of programs that boost one or more elements of PYD may help reduce risky behaviors and improve positive, healthy behaviors among adolescents.
Youth Assets and Sexual Activity Among Hispanic Youth
Authors: Rodine Sharon , Oman Roy F. , Tolma Eleni , Aspy Cheryl B. , Vesely Sara K. , Marshall LaDonna , Fluhr Janene
Published: November 2016

Hispanic females, ages 15-19, experienced the highest birth rates and smallest decline in birth rates over the past decade compared to youth of other racial/ethnic groups. This study’s purpose was to investigate relationships among a series of protective factors, or youth assets, and sexual activity in the Hispanic/Latino youth population. Data were collected from Hispanic youth and their parents (N=232 youth/parent pairs) in randomly selected households using in-person, in-home interview methods. Independent variables were nine youth assets; “never had sexual intercourse” was the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Three assets were found to be significantly associated with whether or not Hispanic/Latino youth ever had sexual intercourse. Odds of never having had sexual intercourse were at least three times higher for youth with the Peer Role Models, Use of Time (religion), or Responsible Choices assets, compared to youth without these assets. Further Hispanic youth asset/risk behavior research is merited.
Process Evaluation and Continuous Improvement in Community Youth Programs
Authors: Trachtenberg Jennifer V. , Kosutic Iva , Sanderson Jessica A. , Anderson Stephen A. , Sabatelli Ronald M.
Published: November 2016

A method of using process evaluation to provide improvement plans in order to promote community youth programs is described. The core elements of this method include the following: (1) collection and analysis of baseline data, (2) feedback provided to programs describing their strengths and limitations, (3) programs provided with assistance in preparing improvement plans in regard to their baseline data, and (4) follow-up evaluation assessed program changes based on their improvement plans and baseline data. A case study of an inner-city neighborhood youth center is used to demonstrate this method.
Collaboration in a Competitive Environment: Evaluation of and Reflections on an Integrated “Youth at Risk” Project
Authors: Cuthill Michael , Wilson Erica , Nielsen Noah
Published: November 2016

This paper reports on the activities, processes and outputs in the first 18 months of a 3 year collaborative project, the Gold Coast Integrated Response for Youth at Risk. Survey, focus group and interview data were collected from project participants as part of a formative evaluation. Results identify both success and ongoing challenges within the project. Five key findings from the project are presented and discussed. These relate to issues such as the need for well designed project evaluation, and negotiating and clearly defining governance processes during the initial project planning stages. In addition, stakeholder communication and engagement processes are identified as an area of concern. The inherent tension of working collaboratively in a competitive (funding) culture and finding an operational balance between developmental processes and more tangible project outputs are discussed.
The After School Activity Initiative: Youth Helping Youth in a Community in Crisis
Authors: Robertson Brenda
Published: November 2016

Youth experience considerable free time, the use of which can foster active healthy lifestyles or facilitate engagement in activities that are detrimental to self and or to society. In order for the former to occur, specific knowledge, attitudes, and skills must be acquired. This research explores an initiative in which older youth served as leaders in an after school initiative in an economically challenged community where little attention was being paid to the provision of free time opportunities for youth. Not only were positive developmental outcomes experienced by the participants (the ability to find ways to spend free time; an appreciation for the outcomes that can accrue from engagement in positive activities; and the ability to communicate effectively), but the same was true for the older youth who served as leaders (understanding the meaning of success, appreciating the power of interpersonal relationships, and becoming a role model).
Project H.O.P.E.: Effective University Engagement with Community Afterschool Programs
Authors: Jentleson Barbara C. , Henderson Elizabeth , Johnson Denice M.
Published: November 2016

Implemented in 2002 by the Duke-Durham Neighborhood Partnership, Project H.O.P.E. has improved the quantity and quality of afterschool programs for the youth of Durham, NC. Project H.O.P.E. provides tutoring programs, enrichment resources, and evaluation support to non-profit community partner organizations located in the low income Durham neighborhoods surrounding Duke University. Duke University undergraduates who provide tutoring services to the Durham youth in the afterschool programs gain from valuable reciprocal service learning experiences. Project H.O.P.E. is an effective model of the mutual benefits that can be gained from effective university and community engagement in the service of at-risk students.
"Coaching the Camp Coach: Leadership Development for Small Organizations" Resource Review
Authors: Hedrick Jason , Homan Greg
Published: November 2016

Coaching is an important component of successful professional growth for leaders within any organization. However, organizations with limited resources may have challenges providing such coaching opportunities. This can be especially true for small business, non profit organizations and summer camps. “Coaching the Camp Coach; Leadership Development for Small Organizations” by Shelton, M. (2003) provides a framework, both in theory and practice, for camp leaders to improve interpersonal and intrapersonal skills through self evaluation. Accompanying the book is a CD-ROM that has multiple worksheets to be used in conjunction with the text.
Youth Views of Experiences and Benefits of Public Speaking
Authors: Silliman Ben
Published: November 2016

Ninety-eight youth participants, ages 9-17, involved in a public speaking event reported that preparation and presentation of a 5-12 minute demonstration or illustrated talk improved confidence, knowledge of a selected topic and skills in communicating, goal setting, organizing, working with others, and doing research. Positive benefits were reported from first-year as well as multi-year participants. Most youth surveyed indicated that they participated by choice and received adequate assistance in preparation for speaking. Similar results were found for a smaller group (N = 20) involved in a non-competitive performing arts event. A randomly-selected group (N = 37) interviewed about the extended effects of public speaking revealed that the experience helped them in school presentations, community leadership, and more in-depth involvement in specific topic areas. Implications of results for youth programming and engaging wider audiences of youth are discussed.
Table of Contents
Authors: Editors Journal of Youth Development
Published: November 2016

Table of Contents
Positive Youth Development in the Midst of Coping with Parental Cancer: Implications for Youth Development Research and Practice
Authors: Ashurst Kerri L. , Hans Jason D. , Smith Donna R. , Jones Kenneth R.
Published: November 2016

Four implications for youth development research and practice resulted from a qualitative study on psychosocial developmental experiences of late adolescents coping with parental cancer during late adolescence. The study employed a developmental systems framework and grounded theory methods. Results suggest three primary psychosocial developmental influences, including multilevel influences (individual, familial, and extrafamilial risk and protective factors), coping strategies to maintain control, and responses to uncertainty and anticipatory grief. The particular combination of risk and protective factors present in participants’ lives resulted in positive outcomes; resilience was the central unifying concept that characterized the primary psychosocial developmental outcomes of each participant. This finding illuminates the need to expand our focus in youth development research and practice to include positive developmental outcomes that can result from coping with life crises during adolescence.
Push” and “Pull” A Qualitative Study of Factors that Contribute to Older Youth Leaving the 4-H Program
Authors: Albright Mary Beth , Ferrari Theresa M.
Published: November 2016

For years, 4-H has struggled with the complex issue of membership retention, especially among older youth. However, little research has been done concerning why 4-H members choose to leave the program. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the reasons for leaving 4-H with the ultimate goal of improving retention of older members. Specific objectives of the study were to (a) explore reasons why youth chose not to re-enroll in the program, (b) identify barriers to participation, and (c) determine what conditions would facilitate participation. Focus group participants consisted of older youth (n=16) who were enrolled in 4-H in a community club in 2007 in Erie County (Ohio), but who did not re-enroll in 2008. Significant findings from the study concerning the retention of older 4-H youth were related to (a) experiences with adult leaders, (b) experiences with competition, and (c) conflicts with other activities. Recommendations for theory, research, and practice are offered.
Planting the Seed: An Evaluation of a Community Youth Summit
Authors: Outley Corliss , McKyer E. Lisako J. , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: November 2016

Meaningful youth engagement produces benefits both to youth and to the community in which they live. This paper discusses a day-long youth summit held for 289 middle school students. Youth attended a combination of mass and break-out sessions based on America’s Promise Five Promises. Planners and evaluators assessed proximal student outcomes throughout the day. A two question visual analog scale was developed and utilized to assess students’ perceptions of learning and enjoyment.
Extension Staffing Models to Serve 4-H Clientele in Changing Times
Authors: Gillespie Donna R. , Kinder Cindy A.
Published: November 2016

In response to budget cuts in 2002, 4-H staffing models were restructured. The response by University of Idaho Extension was intended to continue meeting the needs of Idaho’s citizens with fewer UI Extension faculty. This staffing reorganization led to the formation of the District III 4-H Team who united to bring stronger 4-H programs to south central Idaho and expand programs to underserved audiences. Information from surveys and interviews over the past seven years reflects the effectiveness, challenges and successes of the District III 4-H Team. In Making the Best Better: 4-H Staffing Patterns and Trends in the Largest Professional Network in the Nation (2007), author Kirk A. Astroth notes a nationwide change in 4-H leadership at the county level from 4-H faculty to program assistants or coordinators. The information gathered in our research may help other states determine staffing models to meet the needs of clientele in these changing times.
Tooele County 4-H Youth Garden: An Interactive Approach
Authors: Sagers Stephen , Greenhalgh Linden , Christensen Darlene , Sherwood Terra
Published: November 2016

The Tooele City 4-H Youth Garden program was designed to provide a non-traditional recreational activity for a growing youth population. Children ages 5-18, assisted by parents and other family members, tend an 8’x 15’ garden plot. A small registration fee covers 4-H enrollment. Tooele City provides land, water, employees, maintenance and equipment. Participants provide their own seed and labor, must attend an orientation in the spring, commit to work at least once each week in the garden, and attend periodic club meetings during the growing season. Club meetings cover basic gardening principles and specific issues related to individual garden plots. Approximately 800 youth have been involved since it was first organized in 2002. Many members have “graduated” or gone on to having their own gardens. The youth garden project has been a success due to a combination of dedicated leadership, hands-on learning and tangible, edible results.
Horses – A Natural Fit for Camp Programs
Authors: Galloway Robin , Names Chris , Mintken Melanie
Published: November 2016

A 4-H Member’s Horse Camp allows horse project members to enjoy their equine partner in a non-competitive, outdoor setting. Campers learn about leave-no-trace outdoor ethics, trail riding, maneuvering trail obstacles, equine emergency first aid, and low impact camping. 4?H has long understood that providing opportunities for youth to learn about things that interest them is just one aspect of the program. Project specific content, in this case horses, helps youth in 4?H programs to develop important life skills. In the positive atmosphere at 4?H horse camp, youth may feel a sense of belonging, and are provided opportunities to develop mastery, independence, and a spirit of generosity? which are all essential elements in high quality youth development programs. Horse camps are a natural extension of opportunities for horse project members, and they can be added to existing camps, or create new camping lessons.
The Many Faces, Features and Outcomes of Youth Engagement
Authors: Saito Rebecca N. , Sullivan Theresa K.
Published: November 2016

Civic engagement, experiential education, positive youth development, youth leadership, service-learning: what is it about these programmatic models that account for their popularity and impact over decades? What’s at the core, how are they similar and different, and what differential impacts and benefits might various types or forms of youth engagement affect? The lack of consensus on conceptual frameworks and definitions of youth participation and engagement has been identified as one of the issues plaguing the field and restricting progress of youth engagement research and practice (O’Donoghue, Kirshner & McLaughlin, 2002). The authors present a conceptual framework called the Rings of Engagement that captures the myriad ways in which people think about youth engagement. The literature on the benefits and outcomes of each ring or type of youth engagement is highlighted. The authors conclude with recommendations for further research which will guide training, stakeholder-driven communication tools created to garner support, ways to act locally while working at the intermediary level to provide the supports necessary to promote and support youth engagement.
Parenting Practices that can Prevent or Reduce Childhood Obesity
Authors: Eldridge Galen , Lynch Wesley , Bailey Sandra , Benke Carrie , Martz Jill , Paul Lynn
Published: November 2016

Overweight in children is more prevalent than ever before. What can parents do to try to promote health and prevent obesity in their own children? The present paper reviews research related to parenting and childhood obesity. The review describes what food-related parenting practices may be helpful: modeling healthy eating behaviors, making time for family meals, making sure healthy food is available and accessible, becoming aware of appropriate portion sizes, encouraging children to eat breakfast, and limiting soda and fast food intake. The paper also discusses food-related parenting practices that may not work to help prevent obesity: pressure to eat, food rewards, restriction, permissiveness, and modeling of unhealthy eating behaviors. Additional parenting practices such as supporting and engaging in physical activity, encouraging an adequate amount of sleep, and limiting television and other screen-media may also help children to maintain healthy weights. Suggestions are also given for professionals working with youth.
Examining the Reasons and Relationships Between Why Youth Join, Stay in, and Leave 4-H
Authors: Harrington Rebecca , Sheehan Trisha , Blyth Dale A.
Published: November 2016

While the Minnesota 4-H Club program has grown over 29% in the last six years, annually over 25% of youth do not re-enroll. The Minnesota 4-H Retention Study asked youth who left the program why they decided to join, stay and ultimately leave 4-H. Data from 220 youth were examined to better understand the reasons for and relationship between youth joining and staying in 4-H and their reasons for leaving 4-H. Youth joined 4-H because they wanted to have fun, try new things, and participate in projects and fairs. Top reasons they stayed in 4-H were they liked being with other kids, had fun, and learned new things. Primary reasons youth left were they lost interest in 4-H or became involved in other activities. Examining the relationships revealed that paying particular attention to youth experiences in project learning and teaching, relationships with adults, and youth having fun will increase retention.
Integrative Literature Review of Adolescent Risk and Health Compromising Behaviors Guided by the Problem Behavior Theory
Authors: March Alice L.
Published: November 2016

Twenty percent of the world’s population is adolescents. Although generally healthy, risky behaviors result in premature death from injury and establish lifestyle choices which may give rise to poor health and disability during adult life. This integrative review presents the state of the literature related to adolescent health risk behaviors as framed by the problem behavior theory. The key word search using the databases of ERIC, CINAHL Plus with full text, PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO yielded an internationally representative group of articles consistent with the guiding framework. Fifteen articles related to risk factors, protective factors, risk behaviors, and health-compromising behaviors of adolescents were retained from the past five years. Although the literature is replete with research involving adolescents, gaps are identified, and recommendations for future research are considered.
Design It! Design Engineering in After School Programs (2002), and Explore It! Science Investigations in Out-of-School Programs (2006)
Authors: Myers Phillipa
Published: November 2016

Science programming can be daunting for after school educators and para-educators. These two resources insure science is fun for both youth and educators! Design It! Design Engineering in After School Programs (2002), and Explore It! Science Investigations in Out-of-School Programs (2006) encourage the love of science learning through an exploratory format that is grounded in cooperative learning. Each of the two programs contain multiple projects using readily available and affordable materials. Design It! includes project topics such as Gliders, Spinning Toys, and Trebuchets. Explore It! includes project topics such as Wiring a House, Soda Science, and Balancing Toys.
The Camp Setting for Promoting Youth Physical Activity: Systematic Observations of Summer Day Camps
Authors: Zarrett Nicole , Skiles Brittany , Sorensen Carl
Published: November 2016

The risk for youth obesity is higher during the summer than any other time of year. Summer day camps can be ideal settings for preventing obesity through reducing youth summer sedentary behaviors. However, little-to-no research has examined the role of camps for promoting youth physical activity (PA) and other healthy behaviors. This study begins to address the gap in research by conducting systematic observations of 4 summer day camps (2 highly- resourced and 2 low-resourced) to determine: 1) the degree to which camps engage youth in moderate-to-vigorous PA, and; 2) to what extent camps provide important physical and social-motivational features for promoting PA. Results indicate camps provide opportunities for youth to meet national recommendations of daily MVPA. However, there were differences in PA and motivational features by level of camp resources. This study helps inform practice and policy through identifying strengths and needs of camps for promoting PA.
Ladders to Leadership: What Camp Counselor Positions Do for Youth
Authors: Tessman Darcy , Duda Stefanie L. , Pracht Dale
Published: November 2016

The 4-H youth development organization understands and has recognized residential camping as one of the major modes of program delivery. Primary benefactors of the residential camping program are those youth who serve as camp counselors. Not only are they recipients of the educational program, but also supervise and teach younger campers (Garst & Johnson, 2005; McNeely, 2004). As a result of their experience, camp counselors learn about and develop leadership and life skills (Thomas, 1996; Purcell, 1996). The residential camping experience allows youth to serve as volunteers through their role as camp counselors. In addition to the benefits earned from their volunteer role, residential camping provides youth camp counselors the opportunity to gain leadership skills (Arnold, 2003) as well as add to the camp structure, planning, and implementation (Hines & Riley, 2005).
Bully Prevention: Creating Safe and Inclusive Environments for Youth
Authors: Allen Kimberly , Roper Robin , Lewis Cara
Published: November 2016

Bullying is a major issue facing youth of all ages, backgrounds, and walks of life. In fact, 30% of youth report experiencing bullying on a monthly basis (Nansel, Overpeck, Pilla, Ruan, Simons-Murton & Scheidt, 2001). As a consequence, these youth are at much greater risk for a host of mental and physical problems (Ttofi & Farrington, 2008). Parents, teachers, educators and youth advocates all agree that this issue merits time and attention, yet many professionals are at a loss for understanding the issue or what resources might be most effective with their young audience. With the increased rates of bullying behaviors and growing research about effective prevention and intervention strategies, youth development professionals need guidance for creating and sustaining bully prevention efforts. The purpose of this article is to highlight the growing research on bully prevention and provide information for practitioners working to create safe and inclusive environments for youth.
Urban Conflict Resolution: An Evidence-Based Approach
Authors: Chauveron Lisa M. , Tompkins Amanda C.
Published: November 2016

As demand for youth violence prevention programs escalates, time within traditional school day schedules and budgets are increasingly unable to accommodate them. Short, effective programs respectful of financial constraints will ensure that students in need receive quality programming. The Leadership Program’s Violence Prevention Project’s (VPP) 12 session school-based preventive intervention targets urban middle (6-8 grades) and high school (9-10th grades) students. It reduces violence by increasing peer support, improving conflict resolution skills, and changing norms about using aggression and violence. Rated a promising model program by OJJDP, VPP uses engaging activities within core components to make change. Activities used and tools for maintaining quality is described.
Great Teaching: Eight Strategies to Immediately Engage Your Audience
Authors: Raison Brian
Published: November 2016

Have you ever been bored by a speaker before he finished his first sentence? What about when you step up to the front of a room to speak. Do you know exactly what your first words will be? Whether welcoming new students to the first class of a semester, making a presentation at a 4-H event or speaking at a conference, your introductory statement can make or break you. In fact, your first two or three words can determine a successful launch or leave you stalled-out. This paper describes eight strategies that both novice and seasoned speakers may use to successfully launch presentations.
An Experiential Model of Evaluation: Incorporating Graduate Students in the Collection and Reporting of Mixed-Method Data
Authors: Deringer Nancy C.
Published: November 2016

A graduate level course was developed which incorporated the experiential learning philosophy of “learning by doing.” Students gained knowledge about program development and evaluation through using an on-line course management system as well as practicing what they learned during on-site evaluation visits. All background and supplementary reading materials, assignments, chats, and discussions were managed on-line. Students applied what they learned and collected quantitative and qualitative data while conducting site visits throughout the semester. Through this experiential learning evaluation course students made meaning from their direct experiences, took time to reflect upon their learning, and felt confident in their abilities as future evaluators. Having a number of graduate students from a variety of backgrounds added a breadth of content at little or no extra cost. This additional data can be used with program staff and stakeholders for continuous program improvement.