bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS OPERATED FOR GYNECO-MAMMARY CANCER
Authors:   Resident Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Mourabbih M. , Madri FZ. ,   Resident Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Khalloufi C. ,   Resident Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Ennachit M. ,   Professor Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Benhassou M. ,   Professor Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Karroumi M.El ,   Chief Professor Ibn Rochd Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: April 2021

Introduction : Quality of life (QOL) has become an important part of the medical decision along with the efficacy and safety of treatment. Cancer is a chronic disease that affects the quality of life of patients from which the idea of evaluating the QOL of patients treated in the service. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at the Mohamed VI center for the treatment of cancers of Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca over a period of one year. Results : In our study, the QOL was evaluated by the Moroccan Arabic dialect version adapted and validated to our context of the survey (FACT), the servey is divided into 5 modules (localization of the cancer): breast, cervix, endometrium, ovary and vulva . Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that the localization of the cancer does not affect the QOL of the patients, besides the concept of the quality of life of the cancer patients is a primordial element, and useful for the choice of the patients therapeutic decisions, the evaluation of the different anticancer treatments and still for the rehabilitation of the patients with cancer.
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL CONTROL ON ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE IN REFERENCE TO MOHA SOFT DRINKS COMPANY: A CASE STUDY IN HWASSA PEPSI COLA FACTORY
Authors:   Parul University Institute of Management Department of Finance, Ethiopia, Eastern Africa., Agegnew Alemu Ayneshet , Gujral Tripiti ,   Parul University Institute of Management Department of Finance, Ethiopia, Eastern Africa.
Published: April 2021

Internal controls promote efficiency, reduce risks of assets loss and help to ensure the reliability of financial statements and compliance with laws and regulations (Coco, 2005).Thus successful organizations set performance measures that focus attention that identifies and communicates the success, support organization learning and provide a basis for assessment and reward (Brown, 2001).In order to be able to perform, organizations should critically look at customers and all stakeholders in business and know how best they are satisfying their needs. Kloot (1999), adds that organizations should continuously improve their services through assets accumulation, create value, improve quality services and flexibility, internal control system is intervened with organizations operating activities and it is most effective when controls are built into the organizations infrastructure becoming part of the very essence the organizations success in terms of continued improvement on performance standards as part of the competitive advantage of the organization.However according to how work is carried out some companies, there have poor documentations, no segregation of duties which affect organizational performance. This study will investigate the purpose of ascertaining the effect of internal control system on organizational performance.This study used descriptive design in soliciting information on the effect of internal control system on organizational performance. Data was collected from the respondents using questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study findings indicated that the organization carried out proper authorization and approval of transactions. Sometimes transactions were carried out without proper authorization and sometimes there were no approval, this created room for conducting fraudulent activities like misappropriations.The result of the study also shows that that almost 2/3 of the respondents did agree with the fact that the organization reconciled physical cash with cash book balances, while 21% disagreed on the facts. This was because most business purchases (receipts) were not recorded so identifying the actual value of the assets was difficult leaving accountants with no knowledge on the assets.Based on this results, the study recommends that management should develop more effective strategies that will ensure that internal control is effective and efficient, so that fraud perpetration in the organization will be significantly reduced. The study also recommends that the company should work to correct its internal control system by periodic reconciliation of accounts.
DETECTION OF INDICATORS ORGANISMS IN BOILED MILK VENDED IN THE MARKETS OF EL-OBIED CITY-NORTH KORDOFAN STATE - SUDAN
Authors:   Department of Food Hygiene & Safety, Faculty of Public & Environmental Health, University of Kordofan, Sudan., Elnager Ahmed Ibrahim Mirghani , Ismail Humaida Mohammed ,   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public & Environmental Health, University of Kordofan, Sudan., Subahi Ahmed Kassar Ahmed ,   Department of Public Health, College of Public Health & Health Informatics, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Published: April 2021

Background: This study was conducted within the markets of Elobeid City- North Kordofan State-Sudan, to detect the presence of indicator organisms (coliform and E.coli bacteria) in boiled milk, during the amount from October 2012 to October 2015. Methodology: The study covered all the places for the boiled milk sale found within the markets of Elobeid City, which are 84 places. Data were collected from all milk handlers who were 87 by observation- checklist. The info were analyzed manually and therefore the results presented in tables and figures showing for the odds. 84 samples of boiled milk were collected from the offering containers of boiled milk, and examined for the presence of coliform bacteria. Results: The coliforms bacteria contaminated most boiled milk samples (77.38%) and 43% of positive milk samples for coliforms was found contaminated by E.coli bacteria. The factors that contributed to the microbial contamination for boiled milk by coliform bacteria are lack of the health licenses for the milk handling (57.14%), and lack of milk covering (47.6%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the milk was marketed under unhygienic conditions and theres no assurance to its safety and wholesomeness. This study recommend the health authorities to require immediate measures for correction of the health violations of milk safety requirements, additionally to the health education for milk handlers about the diseases that are transmitted by contaminated milk, and training about hygienic handling of milk before licensing.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEINTERVENTION TO URBAN BUILDING RENEWABLE ENERGY MODELING INTERVENTION FOR ROBUST FLEXIBLE COMMUNITIES
Authors: Z. Allam Sammar
Published: April 2021

This research coveys a comparative analysis between Urban Building energy model (UBEM) generated by scholar, researchers, and professional in academia and industry while highlighting the reliable main components to manifest a successful and reliable UBEM technologies. Nevertheless, it consolidates distributed generation on building blocks rather than a whole district relying on renewable energy sources. It guides engineers through energy system model simulation on Openmodelica platform to feed green sustained communities. Moreover, energy use-pattern is mapped and analyzed by internet of things (IOT) technologies to fine-tune energy uses and refine use-pattern. Demonstrating artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithmto predict energy consumption can reflect on the amount of energy required for storage to cover energy needs. AI shapes a robust positive energy district (PED) through storinggenerated renewable solar or bio-energy to cover predicted energy use-pattern.Distributed -power-plant stations capacity to cover clusters using AI in predicting energy consumption consolidates on-site energy generation recommended by multiple International rating systems. AI-based Energy management plan guide engineers and planners to design distributed-power-plants of energy generation capacity lies between the actual energy need and a predicted scenario.
CHARACTERIZATION OF FUSARIUM SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH MANGO MALFORMATION DISEASE IN SOUTHERN SENEGAL
Authors:   Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Departement Biologie vegetale, BP 5005 Dakar Fann, Senegal., Dieye Cheikh ,   Universite Hassan Premier, Laboratoire dAgroAlimentaire et Sante. Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Departement de Biologie Appliquee, Km 3, Route de Casa, BP : 577, Settat 26000, Maroc., Houmairi Hafsa ,   Universite Hassan Premier, Laboratoire dAgroAlimentaire et Sante. Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Departement de Biologie Appliquee, Km 3, Route de Casa, BP : 577, Settat 26000, Maroc., Madiallacke Diedhiou Papa ,   Universite Gaston Berger Route de Ngallele BP 234,UFR des Sciences Agronomiques dAquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (UFR S2ATA)Saint-Louis, Senegal., Gaboune Fatima ,   Institut National la de Recerche Agronomique de Rabat, Maroc., Mbaye Nalla ,   Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Departement Biologie vegetale, BP 5005 Dakar Fann, Senegal., Diallo Yaya ,   Universite Gaston Berger Route de Ngallele BP 234,UFR des Sciences Agronomiques dAquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (UFR S2ATA)Saint-Louis, Senegal., Bencharki Boutaib ,   Universite Hassan Premier, Laboratoire dAgroAlimentaire et Sante. Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Departement de Biologie Appliquee, Km 3, Route de Casa, BP : 577, Settat 26000, Maroc.
Published: April 2021

In Senegal mango production has long existed in traditional forms, especially in the south and center of the country. It accounts for 60% of the countrys fruit production, with an estimated annual output of 150,000 tons. Despite a positive balance sheet in recent years, mango orchardsareaffected by numerous phytosanitary constraints like diseases and insect pests. Among the diseases, mango malformation is considered one of the most deadly for the mango tree. Since its discovery in 2009 in the south of Senegal, the disease has continued to spread in this area with incursions towards the northern part of the country. Few studies were dedicated to that pathogen in the Senegalese context. This study was carried out to help bring more light in the identity of the pathogen(s) causing this disease. Therefore 13 isolates of Fusarium isolates obtainedfrom mango malformation tissueswere characterized using morphological criteria and the molecular analysis. The 5.8S rDNA region of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was amplifiedusing ITS1 and ITS4 primer pairs. Sequence analysis and other analytical studiesshowed that the malformation of mango tree in southern Senegal is relatedto a diversity of Fusarium species. The morphological and molecular analysisallowed to identify several Fusarium strains with a very high degree of similarity (99.08 to 99.82%) with the species in the NCBI database ranged.
Modernization of social dialogue as an imperative for developing social responsibility by business organizations in Ukraine
Authors: Lopushniak Halyna , Marshavin Yurii , Kytsak Taras , Iastremska Оlena , Nikitin Yurii
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the paper is determined by the need to modernize social dialogue in Ukraine as a means of increasing the social responsibility of business organizations and a prerequisite for the country’s sustainable socio-economic development. The paper is aimed at reviewing and systematizing effective practices of modernization of social dialogue, which are revealed in the publications of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, high-ranking officials and public figures. These practices are considered from the standpoint of their expediency and the possibility of their implementation in the processes of social interaction of organizations of employees, employers and public authorities in Ukraine.A review of the foreign experience in organizing social dialogue convincingly demonstrates a fairly high level of efficiency in the European Union, which contributes to achieving a balance of interests of major economic actors, increasing their social responsibility. For Ukraine, it is expedient to introduce the European practice of the so-called broad approach to the organization of social dialogue, which provides for the expansion of its subjects at the expense of representatives of territorial entities, environmental, women’s, youth, cultural and other public organizations. The involvement of local governments, public and NGOs in solving the most important socio-economic problems will contribute to the spread of the practice of differentiating between social and public dialogue. In Ukraine, employee participation in corporate governance should be strengthened, access to shareholder income should be expanded, and institutional tools for regulating the collective bargaining process should be improved.
Acto de confusión generador de Competencia Desleal. Análisis desde el derecho sustancial
Authors: Delgado Peña Pablo Andrés
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo integra un análisis del acto de confusión como generador de competencia desleal, estableciendo su noción, elementos, contenidos y diferencia con el acto de imitación generador de competencia desleal, con el cual se ha presentado varias indebidas relaciones y que se han definido en sedes judiciales.
El acto de confusión que se presenta en el mercado afecta la libre y leal competencia, atentando principalmente contra el instituto de la libre competencia, contra los consumidores y comerciantes, dentro de un contexto de mercado.
Por ello, la ley de competencia desleal busca repeler y sancionar estos actos, propendiendo por un equilibrio dentro del mercado, por una competencia libre y que en sus apariciones esté enmarcada en los principios de ética y buena fe comercial.
A partir de la revisión normativa nacional, supranacional y de la doctrina, se desarrolló el proyecto referido a la “Hermenéutica del acto de confusión generador de competencia desleal en Colombia: un estudio desde el derecho sustancial y procesal”, al interior del grupo de Investigación “Hermenéutica Jurídica”, profundizando en los puntos esenciales para su correcta interpretación. Por ello, del evidente desconocimiento en el área, se dio como resultado de la investigación la generación del presente artículo, que se concreta en proporcionar información especializada en la materia, para un público universal, integrado por estudiantes de derecho, abogados y empresarios, con miras a dar claridad, publicidad y apoyo en sus decisiones.
Línea jurisprudencial sobre el reconocimiento de derechos a la comunidad LGTBIQ
Authors: Altamiranda Morales Darlis Johana , Mendoza Ríos Sara Rebeca , Medina Ruiz María Fernanda , Carmona Montoya Adiley
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar el estudio y análisis de las sentencias existentes frente al reconocimiento y reivindicación de derechos a la población LGTBIQ; con el fin de lograr una revisión adecuada frente a los pronunciamientos hechos en el tiempo por la Corte Constitucional. Para ello, se realizó una línea jurisprudencial en la cual se utiliza la técnica propuesta por el académico Diego López en su libro “el derecho de los jueces” y que corresponde al Análisis Dinámico de la Jurisprudencia; es decir, se establece una pregunta o problema jurídico a resolver y se abre un abanico de posibles respuestas a través del análisis de las decisiones judiciales.Se desarrolló este análisis a través de un enfoque de tipo argumentativo, exploratorio y de tipo documental, pues se basó en la revisión de los conceptos de la Corte Constitucional emitidos en relación con la población LGTBIQ. Esta exploración se realizó como insumo para la realización de unproyecto de investigación relacionado con el reconocimiento de derechos pensionales a la misma comunidad.
Los derechos humanos y el problema de la cárcel en Colombia: Una perspectiva de lectura genealógica
Authors: Hincapié García Alexánder , Henao Castrillón Kelly Johana , Cardona Montoya Delio Antonio
Published: April 2021

Este artículo está asociado a la investigación finalizada Los cuerpos de la excepción. Su propósito consiste en enfrentar la perspectiva de lectura genealógica con la perspectiva de los Derechos Humanos, en torno al problema de la cárcel en Colombia. El argumento central sostiene que la perspectiva de los Derechos Humanos es repetitiva y circular, se prolonga hacia el infinito sin resolver nada, asegurando su inevitabilidad para asumir el problema de la cárcel. El método utilizado es el genealógico, como corresponde a la perspectiva adoptada, y se entiende como el proceso mediante el cual se interroga por el valor de los valores heredados. Como conclusión se propone que los Derechos Humanos no consiguen frenar la decadencia de la vida interna de la cárcel ni de la sociedad que reclama esta institución para su funcionamiento.
Cómo escribir un artículo científico
Authors: Salamanca Omar
Published: April 2021

La escritura científica tiene su estructura bien establecida y aceptada por la comunidad académica. El seguimiento adecuado de estas normas implícitas facilita la publicación e interpretación de los resultados de las investigaciones; la estructura adecuada de un artículo científico comprende desde la acertada elección del título, hasta la correcta selección de las referencias. La apropiada redacción del resumen permite capturar la atención del lector, por lo que debe ser cuidadosamente escrito. La introducción debe poner en contexto el cuerpo del conocimiento sobre la investigación que se está reportando y argumentar la necesidad de esta. Los métodos deben describir todos los procesos de investigación que se realizan, para permitir que en cualquier escenario se replique lo que se ha realizado. Los resultados deben ser presentados de forma objetiva, limitándose a resaltar los hallazgos importantes. La discusión permite un contraste de los nuevos hallazgos con lo previamente conocido y cómo esos resultados pueden ser incorporados en el acervo del conocimiento. Todos estos aspectos son discutidos de manera esquemática, siguiendo el estilo IMRD (Introducción, Métodos, Resultados y Discusión) y le permitirán al lector familiarizarse con el método de la escritura de un artículo científico.
Estado del arte de la teledermatología
Authors: Santa Vélez Catalina , Acosta Madiedo de Hart Alvaro Enrique , Pérez Madrid Camila , Morales Restrepo Daniela , Galeano Piedrahita Estefania , Laasch Restrepo Michelle
Published: April 2021

El avance de las telecomunicaciones junto con el desarrollo de la fotografía digital han permitido que la Dermatología use herramientas de consulta antes no utilizadas. La teledermatología consiste en la evaluación clínica de lesiones cutáneas por dermatólogos, permitiendo el diagnóstico y el tratamiento a distancia. En este artículo se realiza una revisión de los principales estudios publicados a nivel mundial sobre la teledermatología, diferentes estrategias de aplicación, principales ventajas y desventajas, su legislación y su uso en pandemias.
Oxigenoterapia en COVID-19: herramientas de uso previo a la ventilación mecánica invasiva. Guía simple
Authors: Mejía-Zuluaga Mateo , Duque-González Laura , Orrego-Garay María José , Escobar-Franco Alvaro , Duque-Ramírez Mauricio
Published: April 2021

Los pacientes con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda secundario a COVID-19, tienen una forma de presentación atípica, con una discrepancia entre una mecánica pulmonar aceptable y una hipoxia marcada. Cada uno de los métodos de oxígeno suplementario usados en la práctica clínica en pacientes con COVID-19 tiene descritas sus indicaciones, ventajas y desventajas. La cánula nasal es el sistema más común y se recomienda en casos de hipoxia leve. El sistema Venturi, que utiliza fracción inspirada de oxígeno exacta con flujos más altos de oxígeno y, la máscara de no re-inhalación, que normalmente se usa ante la falta de respuesta con los dispositivos anteriores, tiene riesgo de producir aerosoles y transmitir la infección. Otra herramienta muy útil es la cánula de alto flujo, la cual es bien tolerada, reduce el trabajo respiratorio, ayuda a prevenir la intubación, es ideal en caso de no tener ventiladores disponibles y cuando los métodos de oxígeno suplementario sean insuficientes para lograr las metas de saturación de oxígeno. En cuanto a la ventilación mecánica no invasiva, existen reportes donde se usa; sin embargo, si el paciente no responde a los tratamientos mencionados, debe ser candidato a ventilación mecánica invasiva sin retraso. Los criterios de intubación orotraqueal son tanto clínicos como gasimétricos. Las metas de saturación de oxígeno son, en general 90-96 %, y no se debe retrasar la intubación y la ventilación mecánica en caso de tener la indicación. Son necesarios más estudios que evalúen la eficacia clínica de los distintos métodos de oxigenación y de soporte ventilatorio no invasivo en estos pacientes.
Actividad física y ejercicio en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Villaquiran Hurtado Andrés Felipe , Ramos Omar Andres , Jácome Sandra Jimena , Meza Cabrera Maria del Mar
Published: April 2021

La situación mundial generada por la actual pandemia del COVID-19 ha propuesto diversas estrategias para mitigar el impacto de esta enfermedad. Dentro de las disposiciones establecidas por la OMS se ha implementado el confinamiento y el distanciamiento social, generando un cambio abrupto en los hábitos y rutinas diarias de las personas, impactando la actividad física, el ejercicio y el deporte. Esta medida de restricción aumenta la exposición al sedentarismo, condición que inicia o deteriora una enfermedad crónica no transmisible previa e incrementa el riesgo de mortalidad por la pandemia. El ejercicio debe ser una estrategia a tener en cuenta en tiempo de cuarentena, con el fin de proteger la salud física y mental de las personas, mantener una condición física saludable y un buen rendimiento atlético, cumpliendo así, con los principios y lineamientos metodológicos de la prescripción del ejercicio y el entrenamiento. El objetivo de esta revisión de tema fue establecer la importancia de la actividad física y el ejercicio para el cuidado de la salud y el mantenimiento de la condición física en tiempos de confinamiento por COVID-19.
VIAGEM A SERVIÇO DO ESTADO
Authors: Galvão Júnior Heraldo Márcio , Santos Júnior José Carlos dos
Published: April 2021

No século XIX o Pará conheceu um enriquecimento a partir do látex, mas também epidemia de malária e escassez de alimentos. Para sanar estes problemas, Lauro Sodré, governador do Estado, concedeu incentivos “civilizatórios” e financiou viagens de fiscalização, como a de Ignácio Moura à Itacayunas em 1896. Este defendeu a pecuária e o saneamento rural como chaves do desenvolvimento local, identificando as febres intermitentes (malária) como entraves. Assim, com base teórica da História Social e Política, apoio metodológico da análise textual discursiva e por meio da fonte literatura de viagem, objetivamos analisar a construção do discurso político-social que utiliza as doenças adquiridas nos castanhais como justificativa para se alterar a dinâmica econômica regional.
How to do it: autopericardial neocuspidisation of the aortic valve
Authors: Komarov R.N. , Chernyavskii S.V. , Ismailbaev A.M. , Simonyan A.O.
Published: April 2021

Neocuspidisation of the aortic valve with autopericardial leaflets has been actively introduced into widespread cardiac surgery practice within the last decade. Most practicing surgeons associate this technique with scientists such as Carlos Duran and Shigeyuki Ozaki. The accumulated experience of the N. N. Burdenko Faculty of Surgery Clinic of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University allows us to optimize approaches to autopericardial neocuspidisation of the aortic valve in order to increase the availability of procedures. The article describes in detail the technique of neocuspidisation of the aortic valve, as well as reveals some technical features and improvements regarding the quality of this procedure.Received 23 September 2020. Revised 17 November 2020. Accepted 18 November 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Secondary prevention of acute disorders of brain-blood circulation in patients with asymptomatic vertebral arteries lesion
Authors: Karasev S.M. , Maximkin D.A. , Shugushev Z.Kh.
Published: April 2021

Almost 50% of patients who experience a stroke in the vertebrobasilar pool die within the first year after the stroke, and approximately 80% of patients experience disability. Additionally, the risk of re-stroke in these patients is significantly higher compared with damage to the carotid pool. Prospects for the restoration of brain functions and the ability to work in patients who have had a stroke in the vertebrobasilar pool remain very limited. In this connection, the problem of preventing cerebrovascular disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischaemia with lesions of the vertebral arteries is currently extremely urgent.Particular attention should be paid to patients with asymptomatic chronic brain ischaemia. Possible reasons for the low efficiency of drug therapy and complications arising against this background are discussed. The feasibility of a more aggressive secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disorders, which includes endovascular interventions in combination with medical therapy, is demonstrated.Received 7 July 2020. Revised 6 August 2020. Accepted 17 September 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Canine visceral leishmaniasis in Rondônia, Brazil: a report of an autochthonous case
Authors: Ziemniczak Henrique Momo , Silva Guilherme Henrique Lemes da , Maia Maerle Oliveira , Ferreira Elvino , Saturnino Klaus Casaro , Santos-Doni Thaís Rabelo dos
Published: April 2021

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is a disseminated protozoan infection caused by the Leishmania donovani complex. Traditionally, the definitive diagnosis is made by detecting amastigotes in biological tissue samples. In August 2015, an apparently healthy, young adult, female, mongrel dog from the Zoonosis Control Center of the Rolim de Moura,Rondônia, was subjected to the canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis. The diagnosis was conducted using bone marrow aspirate smears and popliteal lymph node smears by Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB); stained slides with Diff-Quick screened for Leishmania amastigotes by means of direct optical microscopic examination (100×). Lymph node and bone marrow aspirates were used to investigate the presence of Leishmania infantum chagasi DNA by real-time PCR. The popliteal lymph node positive result was observed in typical amastigotes, presenting nucleus and kinetoplasts associated with lymphoblastic proliferation, reactive macrophages, plasmocytes (commonly Mott cells), eosinophils, and lymphoglandular hyperplasia. A positive bone marrow sample resulted from the observation of amastigotes in the monocyte cytoplasm or free on the smear background. The presence of the L. infantum kDNA was detected in lymph node and bone marrow FNAB samples. This research note describes the autochthonous case of CVL recorded in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, a non-endemic area for VL. According to the data, future studies must include a larger number of animals to elucidate the parasite’s epidemiological resource in Rondônia.
Biofilm forming antimicrobial-multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bohrz Daniela de Avila Silva , Webber Bruna , Pereira Adriana Souto , Pilotto Fernando , Santos Luciana Ruschel dos , Rodrigues Laura Beatriz
Published: April 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main agents isolated from bovine mastitis cases, characterized by lower cure rates compared to other pathogens causing this disease. This phenomenon is mainly explained by the multiresistance acquisition to antimicrobials and the ability of S. aureus to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. In this work 15 samples of S. aureus isolated from the automated milking facility were analyzed regarding the resistance profile to antimicrobials, virulence factors (capsule production, hemolysin, and protease) and adhesion capacity under different temperatures (42±1°C, 36±1°C, 25±1°C, 9±1°C, and 3±1°C). All isolates showed methicillin-resistant (MRSA) characteristics and multidrug resistance profile to the antimicrobials tested (penicillin G, chloramphenicol, oxacillin, cephalexin, tetracycline, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, sulfa + trimetropim, gentamicin, doxycycline, ceftiofur, neomycin, and vancomycin) with an IRMA index between 0.5 and 1.0. Five isolates were resistant to vancomycin (VRSA), two were resistant to all active principles, and the others to at least six of these drugs. Adhesion capacity and biofilm formation were found in 3 of the 5 evaluated temperatures, including the cooling conditions. Regarding the virulence factors, 86.7% of the isolates formed capsules, 60% revealed the presence of protease, 26.7% expressed the α-hemolysin factor, and 13.3% of them presented β-hemolysin. The fact that all isolates presented MRSA characteristics represents a potential risk to those exposed to this agent, and the formation of biofilm in liners even after the use of detergents and sanitization highlights the urgency of searching for alternatives for dispersion of the biofilm by S. aureusin the automated milking facility.
Non-targeted Serum Metabolomics Identifies Candidate Biomarkers Panels Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Pilot Study in Russian Male Patients
Authors: Demyanova Elena V. , Shcherbakova Elena S. , Sall Tatyana S. , Bakulin Igor G. , Vakhitov Timur Ya. , Sitkin Stanislav I.
Published: April 2021

Aims:

The aim of the present study was to explore changes in the serum metabolome of patients with NAFLD relative to healthy controls to identify biomarkers associated with steatosis or Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).

Background:

The serum metabolome reflects changes at the organismal level. This is especially important in Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease (NAFLD), where changes in hormones, cytokines, enzymes and other metabolic alterations can affect the liver, as well as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and other systems.

Objective:

The objectives were to conduct non-targeted serum metabolomics, data processing, and identification of candidate biomarkers, as well as panels and assessment of their prognostic value.

Materials and Methods:

Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of blood serum samples from 21 male patients with NAFLD (simple steatosis or NASH) and seven male Control group was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results:

A total of 319 serum metabolites were detected in NAFLD and Control groups, several of which differed significantly between groups. The most discriminating biomarkers were 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutyric acid, arabitol and 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid. Using a panel of three, four or more markers could distinguish patients with NAFLD from controls, and patients with NASH from those with simple steatosis.

Conclusion:

We identified candidate biomarkers for simple steatosis and NASH. Since NAFLD is a multifactorial disease, it is preferable to use a marker panel rather than individual metabolites. Markers may not only result from dysregulation of metabolic pathways in patients with NAFLD, they may also reflect adaptive responses to disease, including functional changes in the intestinal microbiota.
The Effectiveness of Tri Hita Karana Based Traditional Village Management in Covid-19 Prevention at Bali
Authors:   Public Administration, Udayana University, Mirna Sari Ni Putu , Romadhon Sukadi Bimo Dwi Nur ,   Public Administration, Udayana University, Yasintha Putu Nomy ,   Public Administration, Udayana University
Published: April 2021

Traditional villages are original autonomous villages that control the self-government wheels within that are still alive and their position is recognized in the government system of the Indonesian Republic. The Covid-19 pandemic that is currently happening is causing an economic slowdown and a decline in public health. Bali Regional Government issued a policy in Bali Governor Regulation Number 15 of 2020 regarding the Policy for the Acceleration of Handling Covid-19 in the Province of Bali by reallocating a Traditional Village Fund of Rp. 300,000,000.00 for the response to Covid-19 by involving the soldiers and manners of the Traditional Village. The effectiveness of the Traditional Village Fund management is based on local wisdom, where the principles of Tri Hita Karana (Parahyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan) as a philosophical foundation that are held in carrying out every activity, program, and policy are the focus of this research. This research uses a qualitative research method. Data were taken directly from field studies and literature studies. The implementation of Tri Hita Karana provides a new color in financial management in Indonesia. Technical implementation, reporting, prosecution of alleged fraud, and consultative accountability manner and rich in local wisdom values upheld by Bendesa, Prajuru Desa Adat, and Krama Desa positively impact influencing the community mindset and behavior in complying with existing regulations or policies set. However, it cannot be denied that there are still contradictions between Bali’s traditional village governance in generating accountable and transparent management of funds.
Birokrasi, Disrupsi, dan Anak Muda: Mendorong Birokrat Muda menciptakan Dynamic Governance
Authors:   Jurusan Ilmu Politik Universitas Bangka Belitung, Ferdian Komang Jaka , Faedlulloh Dodi ,   Jurusan Administrasi Negara, Universitas Lampung, Ibrahim Ibrahim ,   Jurusan Ilmu Politik Universitas Bangka Belitung
Published: April 2021

Bureaucratic governance in Indonesia is still thick with the nuances of traditional governance. Under Joko Widodo regime, there was a momentum for change in the bureaucracy by introducing Smart ASN as a new idea for the bureaucracy to make adaptive improvements to the development of the digital era. The digital era is important for bureaucratic institutions as an effort to innovate public services that is responsive and leads directly to the community. The implementation of technology in the bureaucracy certainly requires young people to better understand technology and of course these changes will have an impact on the work patterns of the bureaucracy. This study wants to see how young people are able to encourage changes in the technology-minded bureaucracy. The research method in this article uses a desk study. Data collection techniques in this study will be carried out using library research techniques. Library research is a technique that uses library data as material to be studied and examined in research in order to obtain objective results. This research shows that the right “agent of change” to change the bureaucratic work system are young people’s. Meanwhile, the concept of bureaucratic reform needs to apply flexible working that will bring out global governance, digital governance and knowledge based governance. This bureaucratic reform will change the work system that leads to the use of technology so that bureaucrats can freely innovate services that are directly beneficial to the community.
El derecho operacional en relación con los derechos humanos y el derecho internacional humanitario
Authors: Jiménez-Reina Jonnathan , Gil-Osorio Juan Fernando , Jiménez-Reina Roger
Published: April 2021

El derecho operacional, surgido para regular las operaciones de la fuerza pública, es una rama reciente del derecho sobre cuya definición y delimitación no hay suficientes aportes. Este artículo se propone determinar qué es el derecho operacional a la luz de su relación con los derechos humanos y el derecho internacional humanitario. Primero, se describe el concepto desde la perspectiva legal, jurisprudencial y doctrinal, con el fin de comprender sus características y diversas concepciones. Luego se caracterizan los conceptos de derechos humanos y derecho internacional humanitario, para resaltar su naturaleza, su contenido y su ámbito de aplicación. Finalmente, se analiza cómo el derecho operacional se relaciona con ambos conceptos, al tiempo que se identifican sus diferencias con ellos, para brindar una definición delimitada.
Aplicación de inteligencia artificial para monitorear el uso de mascarillas de protección
Authors: Oliveira-Teixeira Fabio , Donadon-Homem Thiago Pedro , Pereira-Junior Alexandre
Published: April 2021

En el contexto de la pandemia actual, esta investigación crea una aplicación web que permite monitorear el uso de la mascarilla protectora en ambientes públicos. Utilizando el framework Flask, en el lenguaje de Python, la aplicación cuenta con un panel de control que ayuda a visualizar los datos obtenidos. El proceso de detección utiliza el algoritmo Haar Cascade para clasificar rostros con y sin mascarillas protectoras. Como resultado, la aplicación web es liviana y permite detectar y almacenar en la nube las imágenes capturadas y la posibilidad de un mayor análisis de datos. El clasificador presenta precisión, revocación y f-score de 63 %, 93 % y 75 %, respectivamente. Aunque la precisión fue satisfactoria, se realizarán nuevos experimentos para explorar nuevas técnicas de visión por computadora.
The Influence of Pahang Heritage Food on Behavioral Intentions among Malaysian Domestic Tourists
Authors: Saad Mazni , Kamarizzaman Nur Assyiqin , Ishak Noriza , Pratt Thomas James
Published: April 2021

This study investigated how domestic tourists perceive Malaysian heritage food and how this may influence behavioral intentions. A survey was distributed through social media applications, and 164 tourists responded, with three being international, which were then discarded. In this study, correlation and regression analyses are used to analyze the responses and found that a positive and significant influence exists between emotional value, quality value, epistemic value, and a domestic tourist’s behavioral intentions to consume heritage foods. This study helps expand the understanding of Pahang’s heritage food's consumption value elements and its influence on the domestic tourists' behavioral intentions.
Keywords: Consumption Value; Heritage Food; Behavioral Intentions; Domestic Tourists
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.2680
Age-Stratified Infection Probabilities Combined With a Quarantine-Modified Model for COVID-19 Needs Assessments: Model Development Study
Authors: Bongolan Vena Pearl , Minoza Jose Marie Antonio , de Castro Romulo , Sevilleja Jesus Emmanuel
Published: April 2021

Background

Classic compartmental models such as the susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed (SEIR) model all have the weakness of assuming a homogenous population, where everyone has an equal chance of getting infected and dying. Since it was identified in Hubei, China, in December 2019, COVID-19 has rapidly spread around the world and been declared a pandemic. Based on data from Hubei, infection and death distributions vary with age. To control the spread of the disease, various preventive and control measures such as community quarantine and social distancing have been widely used.

Objective

Our aim is to develop a model where age is a factor, considering the study area’s age stratification. Additionally, we want to account for the effects of quarantine on the SEIR model.

Methods

We use the age-stratified COVID-19 infection and death distributions from Hubei, China (more than 44,672 infections as of February 11, 2020) as an estimate or proxy for a study area’s infection and mortality probabilities for each age group. We then apply these probabilities to the actual age-stratified population of Quezon City, Philippines, to predict infectious individuals and deaths at peak. Testing with different countries shows the predicted number of infectious individuals skewing with the country’s median age and age stratification, as expected. We added a Q parameter to the SEIR model to include the effects of quarantine (Q-SEIR).

Results

The projections from the age-stratified probabilities give much lower predicted incidences of infection than the Q-SEIR model. As expected, quarantine tends to delay the peaks for both the exposed and infectious groups, and to “flatten” the curve or lower the predicted values for each compartment. These two estimates were used as a range to inform the local government’s planning and response to the COVID-19 threat.

Conclusions

Age stratification combined with a quarantine-modified model has good qualitative agreement with observations on infections and death rates. That younger populations will have lower death rates due to COVID-19 is a fair expectation for a disease where most fatalities are among older adults.
Neural Network Pattern Recognition of Ultrasound Image Gray Scale Intensity Histograms of Breast Lesions to Differentiate Between Benign and Malignant Lesions: Analytical Study
Authors: Ramachandran Arivan , Kathavarayan Ramu Shivabalan
Published: April 2021

Background

Ultrasound-based radiomic features to differentiate between benign and malignant breast lesions with the help of machine learning is currently being researched. The mean echogenicity ratio has been used for the diagnosis of malignant breast lesions. However, gray scale intensity histogram values as a single radiomic feature for the detection of malignant breast lesions using machine learning algorithms have not been explored yet.

Objective

This study aims to assess the utility of a simple convolutional neural network in classifying benign and malignant breast lesions using gray scale intensity values of the lesion.

Methods

An open-access online data set of 200 ultrasonogram breast lesions were collected, and regions of interest were drawn over the lesions. The gray scale intensity values of the lesions were extracted. An input file containing the values and an output file consisting of the breast lesions’ diagnoses were created. The convolutional neural network was trained using the files and tested on the whole data set.

Results

The trained convolutional neural network had an accuracy of 94.5% and a precision of 94%. The sensitivity and specificity were 94.9% and 94.1%, respectively.

Conclusions

Simple neural networks, which are cheap and easy to use, can be applied to diagnose malignant breast lesions with gray scale intensity values obtained from ultrasonogram images in low-resource settings with minimal personnel.
Patient Recruitment Into a Multicenter Clinical Cohort Linking Electronic Health Records From 5 Health Systems: Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Bennett Wendy L , Bramante Carolyn T , Rothenberger Scott D , Kraschnewski Jennifer L , Herring Sharon J , Lent Michelle R , Clark Jeanne M , Conroy Molly B , Lehmann Harold , Cappella Nickie , Gauvey-Kern Megan , McCullough Jody , McTigue Kathleen M
Published: April 2021

Background

There is growing interest in identifying and recruiting research participants from health systems using electronic health records (EHRs). However, few studies have described the practical aspects of the recruitment process or compared electronic recruitment methods to in-person recruitment, particularly across health systems.

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the steps and efficiency of the recruitment process and participant characteristics by recruitment strategy.

Methods

EHR-based eligibility criteria included being an adult patient engaged in outpatient primary or bariatric surgery care at one of 5 health systems in the PaTH Clinical Research Network and having ≥2 weight measurements and 1 height measurement recorded in their EHR within the last 5 years. Recruitment strategies varied by site and included one or more of the following methods: (1) in-person recruitment by study staff from clinical sites, (2) US postal mail recruitment letters, (3) secure email, and (4) direct EHR recruitment through secure patient web portals. We used descriptive statistics to evaluate participant characteristics and proportion of patients recruited (ie, efficiency) by modality.

Results

The total number of eligible patients from the 5 health systems was 5,051,187. Of these, 40,048 (0.8%) were invited to enter an EHR-based cohort study and 1085 were enrolled. Recruitment efficiency was highest for in-person recruitment (33.5%), followed by electronic messaging (2.9%), including email (2.9%) and EHR patient portal messages (2.9%). Overall, 779 (65.7%) patients were enrolled through electronic messaging, which also showed greater rates of recruitment of Black patients compared with the other strategies.

Conclusions

We recruited a total of 1085 patients from primary care and bariatric surgery settings using 4 recruitment strategies. The recruitment efficiency was 2.9% for email and EHR patient portals, with the majority of participants recruited electronically. This study can inform the design of future research studies using EHR-based recruitment.