bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uzaktan eğitimin fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon lisans öğrencilerinin akademik beklentisi, emosyonel durumu ve sosyal etkileşim düzeyine etkisi: kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: Güngörenler Cemre Yaren , Türkmen Ayşe , Akbaş Feride , Tarsuslu Şimşek Tülay
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinde Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uygulanan uzaktan eğitimin öğrencilerin akademik beklentisi, emosyonel durumu ve sosyal etkileşim düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini incelemekti. Çalışmanın bir diğer amacı akademik beklenti, emosyonel durum ve sosyal etkileşim düzeyinin cinsiyet, uzaktan eğitim deneyimi ve akademik sınıf derecesine göre farklılıklarını incelemekti.

Yöntem: Gözlemsel kesitsel olarak planlanan çalışmaya uzaktan eğitim gören Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon bölümü lisans öğrencilerinden oluşan 244’ü kadın (%84,4), 45’i erkek (%15,57) toplam 289 kişi katıldı. Google Forms üzerinden oluşturulan anket formuyla öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve uzaktan eğitimin emosyonel etkilenim, sosyal etkileşim düzeyi ve akademik beklentiye etkisi sorgulandı.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların emosyonel etkilenim, sosyal etkileşim düzeyi ve akademik beklentiye yönelik toplam skor puanlarında cinsiyet ve pandemi dönemi öncesi uzaktan eğitim deneyimi varlığına göre gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı (p>0,05). Akademik sınıf derecesine göre gruplar arasında emosyonel etkilenim (p=0,268) ve sosyal etkileşim düzeyi (p=0,634) skor puanlarının ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu. Akademik beklenti skor puanı ortalamaları arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulundu (p=0,035).

Sonuç: Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinde uygulamalı dersler için uzaktan eğitimin yetersiz kaldığı görülmüştür. Uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarında öğrencilerin akademik beklentisi kadar emosyonel ve sosyal etkileşim düzeylerinin de etkilendiği göz ardı edilmemelidir.
Sleep quality and sedentary behavior among cancer survivors: is there a possible link?
Authors: Tuğral Alper , Bakar Yeşim , Akyol Murat
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Disrupted sleep patterns can be frequent in cancer survivors not only during treatment but also during survival. This study aimed to analyze the possible link between sleep quality and sedentary behavior among cancer patients.

Methods: Demographic and clinical information was obtained through an assessment form. Sleep quality and physical inactivity level were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), respectively. This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2023 in the Medical Oncology unit of Izmir Bakırçay University Faculty of Medicine.

Results: This study was completed with a total of 80 patients with most of the types of cancer being breast (n=55). The mean PSQI score was 7.68±4.02. SBQ scores were 8.16±3.90, and 6.85±3.86 hours on weekdays and weekends, respectively. No significant association was observed between PSQI and SBQ total scores (p>.05). Age was correlated with sleep disturbances (r=-.24, p=0.03), daytime dysfunction (r=-.34, p=0.002), and first item of SBQ (watching TV) both on weekdays (r=.35, p=0.001) and weekends (r=.38, p=0.001), respectively.

Conclusion: This study showed that there was no significant relationship between sedentary behavior and sleep quality among cancer patients, however, the remarkable rate of poor sleep quality was evident in this sample. However, it might be reasonable to suggest that the increased screen time especially for older cancer patients due to significant associations between screen time and age, should be well managed while sleep hygiene and daytime dysfunction should be considered further among younger cancer survivors.
Simulações Realísticas no Ensino da Relação Médico-Paciente
Authors: Sgnaolin Valéria , Sgnaolin Vanessa , Cataldo Neto Alfredo
Published: March 2024

A qualidade da interação entre médicos e pacientes desempenha um papel crucial na prestação de cuidados de saúde eficazes, indo muito além do diagnóstico e tratamento. Envolve a compreensão das necessidades, preocupações e emoções dos pacientes, comunicação clara e empática e o estabelecimento de confiança (Brotons et al., 2022). Infelizmente, essas habilidades interpessoais são frequentemente subestimadas no currículo médico tradicional (Morais; Santos; Soler, 2021).
Simulações Realísticas de Primeiros Socorros para Estudantes de Medicina
Authors: Biscaino Alves Letícia , Kude Perrone Mariana , Chultz Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

Os conhecimentos de Primeiros Socorros (PS) são de fundamental importância para a prevenção de acidentes, bem como para seu correto manejo quando não puderem ser evitados. Ainda que sejam transformadores de desfecho, os primeiros socorros ainda são pouco difundidos em nossa população, e é de extrema necessidade que estudantes e profissionais da área da saúde detenham e transmitam esse conhecimento. Para isso, atividades práticas e simulações que coloquem o estudante em contato com essas situações com que pode se deparar em sua vida acadêmica e profissional são estimuladas nas aulas de Primeiros Socorros.
Avaliação do Calendário Vacinal do Aluno e na Comunidade
Authors: Sapiro Alexander , Rodrigues Salerno Margareth , Musse Bernardes Marina
Published: March 2024

A vacinação vem tendo um papel essencial na proteção da sociedade ao longo da história. Os primeiros conceitos de imunização começaram a ser utilizados na China, no século X, a partir de doentes contaminados por varíola, doença viral extremamente grave, causando febre alta, cefaleia, mialgias, lesões bolhosas na pele e que, frequentemente, levava à morte. Os chineses, na época, tentavam usar fragmentos das feridas de pessoas contaminadas pelo vírus da varíola, armazenavam em forma de pó e inoculavam em outros pacientes, também contaminados, com o objetivo de estímulo ao sistema imunológico e aceleração da recuperação do paciente.
Suporte Psicossocial ao Estudante de Medicina na Universidade: Pesquisas e Práticas
Authors: Ücker Calvetti Prisla , Arseli Kern Francisco , Barrios Pratini Seger Ângela Cristina , Cataldo Neto Alfredo , Martins da Silva Simone
Published: March 2024

A atenção ao estudante universitário de Medicina tem sido um tema recorrente em pesquisas nacionais e internacionais. Estudos sobre saúde mental e qualidade de vida de profissionais da área da saúde e especialmente sobre os estudantes de Medicina apresentam baixos escores em bem-estar psicológico e relações sociais, quando comparados com os de estudantes de outras áreas (Pagnin; Queiroz, 2015).
Escola de Medicina PUCRS
Authors: Borsatto Zanella Maria José , Araujo Pinto Leonardo
Published: March 2024

O Curso de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) foi criado em 1970. Desde 9 de dezembro de 2016, pela Resolução n. 012 de 2016, da Reitoria, a antiga Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED) passou a ser instituída como Escola de Medicina (ESMED). A partir de 2021, o curso vem ofertando, anualmente, 120 vagas para ingresso através de concurso vestibular ou do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), e com provisão de mais 10% de ingressos via Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI), totalizando 132 estudantes.
Demandas de tarefas linguísticas e funções executivas na compreensão de sentenças de alto custo por crianças em idade escolar
Authors: Dos S. Rodrigues Erica , Rosa Ana Augusto Marina , Breia Julianna , Pestana Henrique Lara , Sicuro Corrêa Letícia Maria
Published: March 2024

Este artigo investiga a relação entre compreensão de sentenças de alto custo sintático (passivas, relativas e interrogativas QU-) por parte de crianças e seu desempenho em tarefas de controle inibitório (CI). 74 crianças em idade escolar falantes de português brasileiro foram testadas por meio do MABILIN, uma bateria linguística com identificação de imagens que objetiva identificar crianças em risco de comprometimento linguístico, e por meio de duas versões para crianças do teste de Flanker e do teste Go/no-Go. A complexidade das imagens foi manipulada na compreensão de sentenças com orações relativas ramificadas à direita e interrogativas QU+N. Obteve-se uma correlação positiva entre o desempenho global no teste linguístico e nos testes de CI. Além disso, o desempenho das crianças na análise das imagens complexas também se mostrou correlacionado às habilidades de CI. Os resultados sugerem que as demandas do processo de mapeamento de sentenças em tarefas linguísticas podem ser dependentes de habilidades de CI. Discutem-se as implicações dos resultados obtidos para o rastreamento de crianças com TDL (Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem).
Diagnostic significance of plasma gastrin concentration for the diagnosis of type 1 abomasal ulcer in water buffalo: A preliminary case control study
Authors: Hussain S. A. , Uppal S. K. , Sood N. K.
Published: March 2024

The type 1 abomasal ulcer (AU1) does not have specific clinical signs, so there is a need to identify some early biochemical markers for its diagnosis in cattle and buffaloes. The plasma gastrin is reported to reflect the gastric mucosa damage but its utility for the diagnosis of AU1 in buffaloes has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to investigate the test performance of plasma gastrin to distinguish between healthy buffaloes and the buffaloes with AU1. Twenty-three buffaloes with AU1 and six buffaloes without any abomasal ulcer were used. The blood samples were collected from buffaloes, slaughtered in a buffalo specific slaughterhouse for estimation of the plasma gastrin. After slaughter the abomasa were examined for the presence of AU1 and the blood samples were collected for estimation of plasma gastrin. The mean plasma gastrin concentration of the ulcer-positive buffaloes was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the ulcer-negative buffaloes. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that the optimal value of plasma gastrin for the diagnosis of AU1 was 106.2 pg/mL. This preliminary work suggests that plasma gastrin could be a valid diagnostic test for the detection of AU1 in the buffaloes. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the plasma gastrin to diagnose AU1 in the buffaloes were 78.3, 100, 100 and 69.9 pg/mL, respectively.
Cockneys, Their Slang and the Kitchen
Authors: Perkins Blake
Published: March 2024

Taking as a starting point an article in an issue of a magazine on the topic (Aaron Bernstein & Isabel Lea, ‘Verbal Indigestion: A Guide to Cockney Rhyming Slang, Ambrosia, vol. 6: London (2019), the author examines the varied role of food in cockney rhyming slang.
Gleaning
Authors: Sayers William
Published: March 2024

The author takes issue with the  commonly assumed connection with medieval Latin gelima, Old English gielm, sheaf, is inadmissible.
Sally Grainger: The Story of Garum: Fermented Fish Sauce and Salted Fish in the Ancient World
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: March 2024

Sally Grainger: The Story of Garum: Fermented Fish Sauce and Salted Fish in the Ancient World: Routledge, 2021: 301 pp., hardback, £120.00.
Function of Steroid Receptor Coactivators in T Cells and Cancers: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Wencan , Cao Xu , Wu Hongmin , Zhong Xiancai , Shi Yun , Sun Zuoming
Published: March 2024

Steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family members (SRC1, SRC2 and SRC3) are transcriptional co-regulators. SRCs orchestrate gene transcription by inducing transactivation of nuclear receptors and other transcription factors. Overexpression of SRCs is widely implicated in a range of cancers, especially hormone-related cancers. As coactivators, SRCs regulate multiple metabolic pathways involved in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance. Emerging evidence in recent years suggest that SRCs also regulate maturation, differentiation, and cytotoxicity of T cells by controlling metabolic activities. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the function of SRCs in T cells as well as cancer cells. Importantly, the controversies of targeting SRCs for cancer immunotherapy as well as possible reconciliation strategies are also discussed.
Klimawandel und Gesundheit (Folge 2): Planetary Health in der Pflegeausbildung
Authors:   Hochschule Esslingen, Institut für Gesundheitsund Pflegewissenschaften, Wihofszky Petra , Huss Norma
Published: March 2024

Planetary Health ist ein neues Konzept, das sich mit den gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen der Klimakrise befasst. International wird zur „Großen Transformation“ in der Gesellschaft aufgerufen. Auch für die Pflege besteht der dringende Bedarf zu handeln, und die Sensibilisierung für Planetary Health sollte bereits die zukünftigen Lehrkräfte in der Pflegeausbildung erreichen.
Fehlerquellen und Qualitätssicherung beim Biomonitoring gemäß ArbMedVV
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Göen Thomas
Published: March 2024

Biomonitoring ist integraler Bestandteil der arbeitsmedizinischen Vorsorge bei potenziellen Gefahrstoffexpositionen. Die Ergebnisse können zu wichtigen Schlussfolgerungen hinsichtlich des Gesundheitsrisikos der einzelnen Beschäftigten oder der Gefährdungsbeurteilung führen. Der Vermeidung von Fehlern und Mängeln beziehungsweise der Sicherung der Qualität kommt daher im gesamten Workflow des Biomonitorings eine fundamentale Bedeutung zu.
Bewertung von Biomonitoring-Befunden – Evaluation of Biomonitoring Findings
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Drexler Hans , Weistenhöfer Wobbeke ,   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Published: March 2024

Das arbeitsmedizinische Biomonitoring ist ein fachspezifisches Instrument der Fachärztinnen und -ärzte für Arbeitsmedizin und der Ärztinnen und Ärzte mit der Zusatzbezeichnung Betriebsmedizin. Neben der Indikationsstellung und der Probenahme erfordert insbesondere die Befundung fachärztliches Wissen. Diese setzt die Kenntnis der Toxikologie des Arbeitsstoffes und den sicheren Umgang mit den Werten zur Beurteilung, die jeweils herangezogen werden müssen, voraus.
Beurteilung der Lungenfibrose durch extreme und langjährige Einwirkung von Schweißrauchen (Siderofibrose) – Berufskrankheit Nr. 4115
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall (BGHM), Mainz, Pucknat Daniela , Pucknat Uwe ,   Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall (BGHM), Mainz, Rose Bernd ,   Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall (BGHM), Mainz, Forchert Martin ,   Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall (BGHM), Mainz, Goergens Andreas ,   Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall (BGHM), Mainz, Weidhaas Simon ,   Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Bochum, Zschiesche Wolfgang ,   Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Bochum, Merget Rolf ,   Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Bochum, Schlatter Saskia ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der DGUV (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Brüning Thomas ,   Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Bochum
Published: March 2024

Assessment of pulmonary fibrosis due to extreme and long-term exposure to welding fumes (siderofibrosis) – occupational disease no. 4115. Technical aspects – exposure to welding fumes Pulmonary fibrosis due to welding fumes (siderofibrosis) has occupational disease status in Germany. However, legislation covering the respective occupational disease requires “long-term and extreme exposure” to welding fumes for compensation by the social accident insurance. A recent social court sentence has evoked a discussion on how to further define these criteria. This article is intended to propose a science-based approach to the conditions under which welding fume exposure can be considered „extreme“. For this purpose, the authors discuss occupational exposure limits, circumstances influencing exposure intensity and utilization of welding fume measurement data. Furthermore, the article deals with the way court sentencing will affect suspected cases of siderofibrosis in the future and how the court´s reasoning is compatible with the occupational disease´s scientific report on the one hand and occupational safety regulations on the other hand. In compliance with the sentencing, „welding in confined spaces“ formerly applied as the sole criterion to consider welding conditions „extreme“ is now regarded as obsolete. A definite threshold value used to confirm the existence of „extreme“ conditions can neither be derived from the occupational disease´s scientific report nor from other sources. Given that, the authors propose to focus on welding methods used in specific cases with close regard to a welding procedere´s emission intensity and to occupational hygiene conditions in general when investigating whether conditions were „extreme“ or not. Regarding the mandatory criteria of „long-term exposure“ to welding fumes, only those times should be considered when welding was performed for several hours a day. Short-time exposures however, should not be taken into account. Keywords: welding – fume exposure – occupational disease – siderofibrosis – pulmonary fibrosis
Review on the Synthesis and Biological Activities of Acrolein and Its Acetal Form
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Cho Eun Kang , Kim Ye Eun , Lee Sang Hyup
Published: March 2024

Acrolein (2-propenal) is the simplest α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. Humans are exposed to acrolein by smoking, burning woods, oil or fats in meats and vegetables, and by endogenous formation through lipid peroxidation. Acrolein is a highly electrophilic molecule, and readily reacts with nucleophilic biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. This high reactivity causes acrolein to have detrimental effects on human or bacteria. The syntheses of acrolein from several starting materials were described. Additionally, several acrolein derivatives and their synthetic process were described with particular emphasis on the acetal forms of acrolein. It is suggested that acrolein and its acetal forms need to be further investigated for medicinal properties.
Cost-utility Analysis Methods of Androgen Receptor Targeted Agents for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Cho Yoon , Youm Jaeyoon , Kang Hye-Young , Lee Hankil
Published: March 2024

As the clinical effectiveness of androgen receptor targeting agents (ARTAs) has been proven, countries worldwide recommend ARTAs treatment to delay the progression of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). This study aimed to summarize the methods and data resources by systematically reviewing the cost-utility analysis (CUA) studies of ARTAs in patients with mHSPC. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were utilized for literature searches, and the relevant studies were selected with pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria according to the PRISMA guideline. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards checklist was used to assess selected studies’ risk-of-bias. Of the 362 publications identified initially, ten eligible studies from six countries were included. All studies were trial-based CUA studies. Ten studies were selected which included eighteen CUAs (eight abiraterone acetate, four apalutamide, and six enzalutamide as interventions, and the comparator was ADT with ARTAs or docetaxel, or ADT alone). Eight studies used Markov models with key health states (mHSPC, mCRPC, death), while the rest were structured as partitioned survival analysis model and descriptive-analytical model, respectively. All the transition probabilities were derived from the pivotal clinical studies. Utility values were calculated by referring to studies that directly measured utility values such as randomized controlled trials or previous literature on economic evaluations or utility, while costs were estimated from real-world data from each country. The reporting quality of studies is valid from 79.2% to 100% (median 95.8%). The results of this study can serve as valid input values for elaborating CUA studies of ARTAs in the future.
Association of Osteoporosis-related Healthcare Costs with the Use of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: a Population-based National Cohort Study in Korea
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Noh You Ran , Suh Hae Sun
Published: March 2024

Long-term administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may lead to bone mineral density loss. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) developed to address these concerns. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a significant difference in osteoporosis-related healthcare costs between CHB patients treated with TDF and TAF. This study is a retrospective cohort study using claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) covering the entire population in Korea. The cohort included CHB patients treated with TDF or TAF from November 2017 to April 2022. We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to balance baseline characteristics observed for one-year preceding prescription date. Osteoporosis-related costs per patient per year (PPPY) included all healthcare costs with an osteoporosis diagnosis code including outpatient and hospitalization costs. 7,172 and 3,837 patients were administered TDF and TAF respectively. After IPTW, TDF group had higher outpatient costs ($11.2) compared to TAF group ($6.1), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.1001). The total hospitalization cost was $24.6 in TDF group and $9.8 in TAF group, not statistically significant (p=0.1633). This largescale population-based study found no significant difference in osteoporosis-related healthcare costs between CHB patients treated with TDF and TAF.
Comparative Analysis of Controlled Substance Monitoring Systems Based on Health Information Technology: Focusing on Prescriptions and Dispensing
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Haewon , Kim Harin , Kim Juhee , Kim Subin , Kim Daejin
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted to propose ways to improve the domestic system based on a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign Health Information Technology (HIT) system using cases to prevent misuse and abuse of controlled substances. Korea, the United States, and Australia were selected as the countries to be investigated as representative examples of nationwide use of HIT. Literature data was collected from the official website of the system operating organization and major literature databases and search engines such as Pubmed and Google Scholar using the name of each country's HIT system as a keyword. We focused on analyzing the purpose of system operation, target drugs, information collection method, system operation method, and compensation to system users. Korea’s Narcotics Information Management System (NIMS) is the only system that can track the serial numbers of controlled substances in connection with prescription and dispensing records, and is designed and operated with a focus on regulatory purposes to improve legal compliance. NIMS had a relatively long reporting cycle, so there were limitations in checking the latest controlled substances prescription and dispensing records. It was also the only system in which pharmacists did not have the authority and role to check and monitor prescription records. In order to effectively prevent misuse and abuse of controlled substances, the reporting cycle must be shortened by switching to a real-time monitoring system including nonreimbursement medications. In addition, there is a need to guarantee pharmacists the authority to request prescription records before dispensing and the roles that accompany this.
Causal Analyses of Statin to Prevent Liver Disease Progression: A Nationwide Study Using Superlearning Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Cho Sunyoung , Koo Heejo , Kim Beom Kyung , Han Euna
Published: March 2024

Many studies have shown that statins reduce the risk of progression to liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among at-risk populations. However, causality has not been proved. This study examined whether statins could prevent LC and HCC in patients with progressive and worsening chronic liver disease, using a robust methodology for causality. Between 2002 and 2013, 52,145 patients with chronic liver diseases were identified from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea. The inverse probability weighting (IPW) and superlearning targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) were used to assess the causality of statin use on the risk of LC and HCC, adjusting for sex, age, comorbidities, and co-medications. Multivariable superlearning TMLE revealed that statin use was associated with reduction in the incidence risk of LC (Marginal odds ratio (MOR) 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.65) and HCC (MOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.50-0.67). Such a protective effect was more evident with atorvastatin and lipophilic statin. This population-based observational study indicated the benefit of statin use, particularly atorvastatin and lipophilic statin, for causally reducing the risk of LC and HCC.
Alteration of RNA Demethylases by Cholesterol Crystals
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Kim Tae Won , Kim Gyeongmin
Published: March 2024

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries that can lead to cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol crystals are one of the elements found in atherosclerotic plaques, and they play a significant role in the development and progression of the disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol crystals on mRNA modification in macrophages, which are involved in plaque formation and inflammation. We used RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line, and exposed them to cholesterol crystals. We found that cholesterol crystals stimulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα. Furthermore, cholesterol crystals were taken up by the macrophages and were detected within the cells. Interestingly, cholesterol crystals upregulated demethylating enzymes FTO and ALKBH5, which are involved in RNA modification. However, the expression of methyltransferases, including METTL3, METTL14, NSUN2, and WTAP remained unchanged. These results suggest that cholesterol crystals can modulate mRNA modification by affecting demethylating enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially contributing to the development of atherosclerosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cholesterol crystalinduced atherosclerosis may provide new insights into preventive and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
Comparative Review of Added Health Benefits of the Drugs Listed through Economic Evaluation Exemption Procedure in Korea: Cases of France, Germany, and Canada
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Bae Eun-Young , Cha Sohee , Lim Hwa-Ryeong , Lee Hye-Jae , Hong Jihyung
Published: March 2024

This study assessed the additional health benefits of the drugs listed through the Economic Evaluation Exemption Procedure (EEEP) in Korea. We conducted a comparative review of 32 EEEP drugs listed between May 2015 and July 2022, comparing how they were assessed in France, Germany, and Canada. To collect the data, we reviewed the evaluations conducted by the relevant agency in each country and identified if the additional benefit exists and how significant it is. Additionally, the size of the benefit gains assessed by each agency was categorized as “High” or “Low,” allowing us to evaluate the consistency among these countries. In France, only 38% of the 34 drugs compared demonstrated moderate or higher levels of additional benefit. Germany acknowledged substantial benefit improvement in 27% of the 30 drugs assessed, while 73% showed minor, unquantifiable, or no additional benefits. In Canada, 5 out of 22 cases have been identified as providing significant additional benefit. The level of inter-country consistency in the assessment results from these three countries was somewhat limited. Based on the evaluation results in France, Germany, and Canada, the additional benefits of EEEP drugs over existing treatments were not substantial in many cases. Even though the EEEP was introduced to improve accessibility to high-cost drugs for medical conditions with unmet needs, it is necessary to reconsider whether to allow exceptions for drugs with low therapeutic value.
Microbial DNA enrichment of rectal mucosa tissue samples usingNEBNext Microbiome DNA Enrichment Kit v1
Authors: Murphy Lee , AC Coutts Audrey
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT This protocol outlines the procedure for microbial DNA enrichment of rectal mucosa tissue samples using NEBNext Microbiome DNA Enrichment Kit (NEB #E2612). The same protocol could be used to enrich microbial DNA from any background human DNA by taking advantage of human DNA having CpG methylation sites that are lacking in microbial DNA. The protocol covers: 1. Microbial DNA enrichment of extracted samples using NEB NEBNext Microbiome DNA Enrichment kit (NEB #E2612). 2. DNA Quantitation of extracted DNA using the Qubit Fluorometer and Agilent Fragment Analyzer. 3. Sample preperation ready for library preparation for microbiome WGS using NEB NEBNext Ultra II FS DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina (NEB #E7805) and DNA sequencing on the Illumina NextSeq2000. Previous DNA extraction steps are outlines in protocol dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.eq2lyj15wlx9/v1 1. DNA extraction from faecal samples using MP Biomedicals FastDNA Spin Kit and FastPrep-24 for bead-beating 2. DNA extraction from rectal mucosa biopsy tissue using a modification of MP Biomedicals FastDNA Spin Kit and FastPrep-24 for bead-beating
Illustrated Protocol for Processing Radiometric Videos Using the Software FLIR Tools : An Approach Applied to a Novel Methodology for Lizard Thermal Exchange Rates Studies v1
Authors: M Barroso Frederico
Published: March 2024

The novel methodology developed by Mochales-Riaño & Barroso et al. (in press) for experimentally obtaining thermal exchange rates of small lizards through the use of radiometric videos, underpinned the need to devise a thermal video processing protocol to standardize this data collection. This protocol addresses this need as it represents a subsequently optimized version of the processing pipeline used for the aforementioned proof-of-concept study. This protocol was used to successfully obtain temperature data from several body parts from thermoregulating lizards, enabling internal body temperature to be inferred (as per Barroso et al., 2016 and 2020), as well as providing insights into thermal exchange rates and the patterns of regional heterothermy and temperature redistribution in these animals. So far, variants of this video analysis protocol have been successfully deployed in several ongoing research projects, on several species of lizards.
Improvement of SD Negeri 2 Bojongmengger school library services by Customer Relationship Management (CRM) design
Authors: Syafitri Nanda Khaerunnisa , Silvana Hana , Suhardini Dini
Published: March 2024

The widespread COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the realm of education. The enactment of the Learning From Home (LFH) policy has reduced activities carried out in schools. The school library at SDN 2 Bojongmengger was also affected and began to have fewer visitors, even though limited face-to-face activities were re-implemented at school. Therefore, a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategy is needed to properly maintain the school library's function and role. CRM strategy is an effort to attract students and teachers as school library customers to visit the library. The method used in this service is the service improvement method with the results of research and development. With the potential and problem analysis process steps, data analysis, and product design. Based on the results that have been implemented, the results show that the design of the CRM strategy in the school library can be carried out conventionally first by collecting needs data, data processing, collection development, user education, competitions, and rewarding after that it can be carried out developing CRM in a digital direction through the use of media Instagram.
Technology literacy training for school-age children in anticipation of the Industry 4.0 era in Batuloceng Village, Suntenjaya, Lembang
Authors: Nurgianti Sri Dewi Rahayu , Nabilah Balqis Zahra , Rossa Yustika , Oktafiani O. , Azzahra Salima
Published: March 2024

Now we have entered the digital era, where every individual must be able to use technology well. In addition to daily needs, the education sector is one of the fields that require the use of technology. Suntenjaya Village, as a tourist village, has abundant natural wealth and beautiful scenery, so children often play in the open. The habit of children in Batuloceng Village is playing in the open. They rarely or never even operate computer devices and devices. This has a positive impact. Namely, children are not dependent on gadgets. Still, on the other hand, technology is also very much needed for their future careers. This community service activity aims to introduce computer technology (laptops) to children in Suntenjaya Village. This activity is one of the efforts to be literate in technology in the digital era. The method used is technology literacy training to empower the community. The result of this training was that there was an increase in the ability of children, who at first did not know how to operate a laptop and after the training knew how to turn on and off a computer, type in a word processing application, and surf the internet via a computer.
Strengthening school literacy programs with support from library collection development
Authors: Safiinatunnajah Ghina Afiifah , Logayah Dina Siti
Published: March 2024

Literacy is a skill that everyone must own. This literacy skill includes processing, understanding, and interpreting information about matters in specific fields. The information was obtained as support and survival. The urgency of cultivating literacy is becoming an increasingly important topic to be intensified at this time. Various ways are done so the community can fully master that literacy. One of them is by empowering the school library. Empowerment of the school library in this activity focuses on collection development. The development of school library collections is an activity schools must carry out to support student learning facilities. However, several schools still need to implement library collection development. One of them is the UPI Literacy Thematic KKN activity, namely at the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Ishlah Putri Islamic Boarding School, which is located in Bogor Regency. Based on these problems, the author seeks to design a community service program in the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Ishlah Putri Islamic Boarding School library to support the school's literacy program. The service method implemented is strengthening the school literacy program with support for developing library collections. The results of this program are a concern and the starting gate for the sustainability of literacy activities at the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Ishlah Putri Islamic Boarding School.
Empowering teachers to create learning animation videos with an assessment as learning approach
Authors: Rukli R. , H Nurhikmah , Nurindah N.
Published: March 2024

The technological age dragged other fields to use technology, including video games. As a result, video games are increasingly popular with school children, especially elementary school children. Even though teachers are the front line to divert children's attention from playing games to learning animations, the teacher working group of Rayon 18 South Sulawesi has limitations in making interesting videos even though they have carried out several activities. Therefore, empowering teachers is a solution to apply research results by participating in training to make learning animation videos using the assessment as a learning approach. The activity was attended by 35 elementary school teachers from the rayon for one day with three sessions. The direction of the line of training participants' understanding ability increases where the post-test score is higher than the pre-test. The correlation between questions shows a consistent increase. Likewise, this increases teacher skills in installing applications, applying video applications to create videos, and increasing teacher skills in creating animated learning videos. Teachers feel satisfied receiving the benefits of taking part in training in making learning animation videos. Therefore, teachers can increase creativity by creating learning animation videos so students are more interested and focused on learning.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN MELALUI PROGRAM BANK SAMPAH
Authors: Muttaqien Kingking , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Sarifudin Sarip
Published: March 2024

Kesehatan dan kebersihan lingkungan menjadi salah satu faktor utama demi berlangsungnya hidup sehat, nyaman dan bersih. Kurangnya kepedulian masyarakat terhadap sampah yang menimbulkan permasalahan terhadap lingkungan seperti terganggunya kesehatan masyarakat, bencana banjir pencemaran air, udara dan lain-lain. Program bank sampah ini selain untuk meningkatkan kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan tetapi dari segi ekonomi dapat menghasilkan tambahan pendapatan keluarga, dengan kebiasaan menabung sampah masyarakat akan merasakan hasil tabungannya diakhir tahun, selain itu pemanfaatan sampah plastik yang bisa digunakan untuk membuat kerajinan tangan, baik untuk hiasan  maupun peralatan rumahtangga, dengan program bank sampah ini diharapkan bisa mengubah pola pikir masyarakat terhadap sampah, yang semula menganggap sepele terhadap sampah. Dengan upaya ketua RW dalam meningkatkan kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan melalui program bank sampah sekaligus membantu pemerintah dalam pencapaian penghargaan piala Adipura sebagai kota bersih ,sehat dan nyaman. Terciptanya lingkungan sehat , bersih, dan nyaman bukan merupakan tanggungjawab pemerintah semata melainkan tanggungjawab seluruh lapisan masyarakat.
KUALITAS LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN LEMBAGA KURSUS TERHADAP KOMPETENSI LULUSAN BERDASAR PADA STATUS AKREDITASI LEMBAGA
Authors: Nurlaeli Naeli , Kamil Mustofa , Sardin Sardin
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada lingkup pendidikan nonformal khususnya pada Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan di Kota Bandung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan kualitas layanan dan kompetensi lulusan antara lembaga kursus yang terakreditasi dengan yang tidak terakreditasi? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan variable dependen yang dilambangkan dengan Y adalah kompetensi lulusan, dan variable independen yang dilambangkan dengan X adalah kualitas layanan pendidikan lembaga kursus. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer untuk kualitas layanan yang diperoleh melalui penyebaran angket kepada peserta didik dari 50 LKP di Kota Bandung yang dipilih secara acak. Sedangkan kompetensi lulusan diperoleh dari data sekunder nilai hasil uji kompetensi lulusan lembaga kursus. Data diolah dan diuji menggunakan statistika inferensial menggunakan Uji t untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas layanan dan kompetensi lulusan pada lembaga dengan status akreditasi berbeda, dan dilakukan uji anakova untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap kompetensi lulusan pada lembaga dengan status akreditasi berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) terdapat perbedaan kualitas layanan dan kompetensi lulusan yang signifikan antara lembaga kursus yang terakreditasi dengan lembaga tidak terakreditasi, (2) kualitas layanan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas layanan. , dan (3) terdapat perbedaan pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap kompetensi lulusan antara lembaga terakreditasi dengan lembaga tidak terakreditasi.
PEMBERDAYAAN ALUMNI DALAM KERANGKA OTONOMI NONAKADEMIK PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI BADAN HUKUM
Authors: Sahroni Sahroni
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan pengalaman penulis mengikuti pertemuan-pertemuan PTN bh sejak tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2019 yang membahas berbagai masalah otonomi akademik dan nonakademik. Tujuannya melihat lebih dalam fenomena sosial tentang bentuk dan tingkat  partisipasi alumni dalam kerangka otonomi nonakademik pada PTN bh. Data keterlibatan alumni dalam pengelolaan di bidang nonakademik yang dikumpulkan dari 11 PTN bh dikaji berdasarkan teori ketergantungan dan konsep pemberdayaan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat otonomi di bidang pengelolaan nonakademik pada PTN bh masih rendah yang kecenderunagnnya disebabkan oleh masih adanya peraturan perundang-undangan yang bersinggungan dan tumpang tindih. Kesimpulannya Pemberdayaan alumni dalam kerangka otonomi PTN bh yang bertujuan untuk keberhasilan pengelolaan di bidang nonakademik dalam mewujudkan Perguruan Tinggi yang bermutu Dilaksanakan dengan cara membuka ruang bagi alumni untuk aktif dalam organisasi dan kepemimpinan,  akatif dalam ketenagaan, aktif memberikan dana/fasilitas secara sukarela, memfasilitasi kegiatan, mengembangkan jejaring, alumni yang merespon survey dan mengunjungi website, dan datang menghadiri kegiatan Perguruan Tinggi
KOMPETENSI ORANG TUA PESERTA DIDIK HOMESCHOOLING
Authors: Sardin Sardin , Rosmia Ade Romi , Mutamam Mohamad Hadi Ali
Published: March 2024

Meningkatnya animo anak usia sekolah memilih belajar mandiri melalui homeshooling menuntut kesiapan keluarga (orang tua) untuk menjadi fasilitator belajar yang kompeten. Meskipun selama ini orang tua menjadi pendidik pertama dan utama akan tetapi dalam konteks pencapaian kompetensi sesuai dengan kurikulum nasional, dibutuhkan kompetensi tersendiri sehingga orang tua menjadi fasilitator belajar yang mampu mengantarkan anak mencapai kompensi yang ditetapkan. Atas dasar hal tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan standar kompetensi orang tua untuk peserta didik home schooling. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif terhadap orang tua dan anak yang mengikuti program home schooling, baik tanggal, komunitas, maupun majemuk. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis interaktif yang didukung dengan analisis verifikatif. Sumber data yang dalam penelitian adalah orang tua sebagai praktisi home shooling, anak peserta home schooling, dan ahli pendidikan. Penelitian menyimpulkan; 1) secara umum orang tua menunjukkan kompetensi positif dalam pembelajaran home schooling, meskipun masih memiliki hambatan dalam mengoperasionalisasikan kurikulum ke dalam kegiatan pembelajaran,  merancang kegiatan pembelajaran, melakukan komunikasi dengan anak, dan  memahami materi pelajaran ; 2) secara ideal kompetensi selaku orang tua home schooler adalah; memiliki pengetahuan yang luas tentang kurikulum dan materi pelajaran, mengembangkan strategi dan metode pembelajaran yang efektif, memahami dan mendukung perkembangan sosial dan emosional anak, mengembangkan keterampilan dan minat anak, dan membangun hubungan yang baik dengan anak. 3) kesulitan yang dihadapi orang tua yang memiliki anak home schooler di antaranya; memahami  materi pelajaran pada jenjang sekolah menengah, mengatur jadwal pembelajaran, memilih sumber belajar yang relevan, dan memahami kondisi psikologis anak
PERAN PENDAMPING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN WIRAUSAHA MELALUI PEMANFAATAN PROGRAM DANA DESA
Authors: Sugiana Firman Suryana , Ardiwinata Jajat S. , Pramudia Joni Rahmat
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tuntutan yang harus dimiliki oleh pendamping desa dalam peranannya untuk melakukan pemberdayaan di masyarakat dengan memanfaatkan bantuan operasional dana desa sebagai penunjang dalam melaksanakan tugas memberdayakan masyarakat desa Cimeuhmal. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran dari pendamping desa dalam meningkatkan kemandirian berwirausaha masyarakat, langkah-langkah pendamping desa dalam meningkatkan kemandirian berwirausaha, dan kemandirian berwirausaha masyarakat sebagai hasil pendampingan melalui program dana desa. Landasan teori dalam penelitian ini yaitu konsep pemberdayaan masyarakat, konsep pendampingan, konsep dana desa, konsep pengelolaan program. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian berjumlahh 5 orang yakni satu pendamping local desa, 2 orang warga binaan, 2 orang aparatur pemerintahan desa. Berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian, berkaitan dengan peran utama dari pendamping desa dalam meningkatkan kemandirian berwirausaha dapat ditentukan bahwa: 1) Peran pendamping desa dalam meningkatkan kemandirian berwirausaha terdapat beberapa indikator dalam peran yakni fasilitator, motivator, supervisor, komunikator dan administrator. 2) Langkah-langkah pendamping desa dalam meningkatkan kemandirian berwirausaha masyarakat dapat di tentukan dalam pelaksanaan pendampingan yaitu antara lain perencanaan pendampingan dengan melakukan tahapan identifikasi kebutuhan, pelaksanaan sebagai penyelenggara program pendampingan, kemudian evaluasi sebagai bentuk mengetahui dan mengukur keberhasilan program. 3) kemandirian berwirausaha masyarakat sebagai hasil pendampingan melalui program dana desa sebagai bentuk pencapaian dari keberhasilan program pendampingan pada masyarakat yang dapat dilihat dari beberapa aspek yakni memiliki rasa tanggung jawab, tidak bergantung pada orang lain, mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pokok, memiliki etos kerja, disiplin, kemudian berani dalam mengambil sebuah resiko dalam menjalankan usaha.
PENYELENGGARAAN PROGRAM SEKOLAH IBU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Khaerunisa Diza S , Hatimah Ihat , Shantini Yanti
Published: March 2024

Banyaknya masalah sosial yang sering terjadi seperti tingginya angka perceraian,maraknya tawuran pelajar,narkoba,kenalakan remaja,seks bebas, dan LGBT membuat perempuan khususnya seorang ibu merasa sangat resah tentang masalah tersebut yang bisa saja terjadi karena melemahnya peran dan fungsi keluarga terutama peran seorang ibu yang mempunyai peran yang cukup besar  di dalam keluarga.Oleh karena itu, PKK Kota Bogor membuat salah satu program sebagai pemberdayaan perempuan yaitu Program Sekolah ibu. Dalam membuat program ini,dibutuhkan partisipasi perempuan karena program ini ditujukan untuk perempuan sehingga harus sesuai dengan kebutuhan perempuan.Maka dari itu tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui bagaimana partisipasi perempuan dalam program sekolah ibu. Slamet mengatakan bahwa partisipasi berarti peran seseorang atau kelompok masyarakat secara aktif dari proses perumusan kebutuhan, perencanaan, sampai pada tahap pelaksanaan kegiatan baik melalui pikiran atau langsung dalam bentuk fisik (Slamet, 1994:7). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendeketan kualitatif dengan metode deksriptif, bertempat di Kota Bogor,dengan subjek penelitian adalah PKK, DPMPPA Kota Bogor, petugas harian sekolah ibu dan peserta didik. Alat pengumpul data menggunakan observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitiannya bahwa dalam program sekolah ibu ini, partisipasi perempuan terlibat dalam segala aspek kegiatan program sekolah ibu. Jika dilihat dari bentuk partisipasi, partisipasi tersebut berupa tenaga,keterampilan,buah pikiran,sosial,dan pengambilan keputusan dengan begitu partisipasi perempuan pada sekolah ibu dalam bentuk nyata (wujud) dan dalam bentuk yang tidak nyata (abstrak). Dalam ukuran partisipasi pun sudah dilakukan semua, mulai dari sebagai pelaku,pengendali,pengambil keputusan, penasehat hingga menjadi penerima manfaat.