bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Covid-19 on Research Process Case of Study Master 2 EFL Students at The University of Mohammed Seddik Ben Yahia, Jijel- Algeria
Authors: Boufenchoucha Aïcha , Chandra Oktiva Herry
Published: November 2021

This study explained how English Master-2 students at Jijel-University dealt with problems and impacts when writing their dissertations and research papers during the Corona virus pandemic. The following research questions are identified as: what obstacles and effects has the Covid-19 crisis had on the research papers writing process of EFL Master Students, what coping strategies have teachers, students, and what administration used to avoid anxiety and ensure academic productivity? A questionnaire was administered to 25 Students. This inquiry is significant because, it documents the unique experience of research writing under Covid-19 pandemic and seeks to unravel the challenges and impacts of this situation on the graduating students to sensitize educational authorities and teachers about them in the view of averting them in the future and ensuring a better preparation for such eventualities in this unstable world. The results showed that Covid-19 pandemic had negative effects on the process of written a research papers at university, Students lacked the accessibility of some sources, and they had to carry out their study on an online platform and limit the sample size to fewer students, and there was a significant disruption in the provision of the needed atmosphere to do an experimental study.
Political Ecology on Instagram Digital Media as A Politeness Branding Image
Authors: Mazida Fadhila , Tiani Riris , Latifah Afidhatul
Published: November 2021

The convergence of technology has a major impact on human life. The dependence on media forms media ecology. Media ecology becomes a bridge in creating a group self-image. The main study of this research was to analyze the forms of politeness verbal messages on digital media @PandemicTalks. The Instagram account @PandemicTalks presents a new style of sharing information on digital media through graphic and visual content. The research orientation focused on visual verbal messages with the substance of COVID-19 related to the government policies. This qualitative research used both netnographic and descriptive phenomenological method. The results show that the COVID-19 Pandemic formed the characters of technology literate society. The communication lines were more dynamically interactive. Language was as a social and political control in creating the politeness branding image. The politeness strategy used the verbal wisdom markers. The sharing function politeness of visual verbal messages on the @PandemicTalks account was more dominant. The branding image used a persuasive euphemistic language style.
Prediction of The Level of Public Trust in Government Policies in the 1stQuarter of The Covid 19 Pandemic using Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Aziza Zahra Nur , Kristiyanto Daniel Yeri
Published: November 2021

The covid-19 pandemic has made changes in society, including Government policy. The policy changes led to mixing responses from the public, namely netizens. Netizen shares their opinion in social media, including Twitter. Their opinion can represent the public’s trust in the Government. Sentiment analysis analyses others’ opinions and categorises them into positive opinions, negative opinions, or neutral opinions. Sentiment analysis can analyze large numbers of opinions so that public opinion can be analyzed quickly. This paper explains how to analyze public trust using sentiment analysis and to use Naïve Bayes classification method to analyze sentiment. The data research was taken from Twitter in the first quarter of the Covid-19 pandemic, with around 3000 tweets. The tweets were related to Covid-19 and the Government from several countries such as the United States, Australia, Ireland, Switzerland, Italy, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Canada, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, and Lebanon. This study aims to determine the level of public trust in the Government in the first quarter of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research result is expected to be used as a reference for the public policy stakeholders to determine future policies.
An Evaluation of E-Money’s Growth, Barriers, and Challenges to Build Green Finance on Post-Covid Era
Authors: Pertiwi Imanda Firmantyas Putri , Puspita Rosana Eri , Thaker Mohamed Asmy Byn Mohd Thas , Pratiwi Septi Kurnia , Mustofa Nur Huri
Published: November 2021

Since paper money is one of the Covid-19 transmission media, a touchless alternative is needed. Electronic money (e-money) is the best alternative. This study analyzes the growth, barriers, and challenges of e-money as a new means of payment in Indonesia by raising an empirical study on the millennial generation. Data was collected through interviews with the managers of e-money issuer companies and 18 millennial e-money customers. Using qualitative methods, this research concludes that the strategy for developing e-money is to create innovations that can make it safer for users to meet their daily needs in the post-covid era. Increased promos and cashback at merchants who have collaborated with products issued is also the most favourite development strategy for customers. E-money customers face obstacles faced by e-money customers include safety issues, limited merchants, unstable provider networks, and socio-cultural factors (the habit of using conventional cash payment methods). The challenge that e-money issuers face is competitors of similar products. Millennial Indonesia is an emerging market for e-money, and this study is the first qualitative study to bring together the topics of e-money, millennials, and green finance.
Fuzzy-Expert System for Indicator and Quality Evaluation of Teaching and Learning Processes Online Study Programs
Authors: Cahyaningrum Yuniana , Suryono Suryono , Warsito Budi
Published: November 2021

The quality of education is essential so that it needs to be improved. This study aims to design and realize an information system for monitoring and evaluating the quality of the online teaching and learning process using the fuzzy-expert system algorithm. By using the fuzzy-expert system model, the Tsukamoto method can monitor the online teaching and learning process. The tsukamoto method is used because it is very flexible. Fuzzy-expert system can process a lot of data and get better results than using the excel application. The assessment parameters in this study were the presence of lecturers and students, the suitability of the lecture material, the development of an academic atmosphere, the assessment of student skills, the suitability of learning support facilities and infrastructure, the performance of education personnel in the learning process, assessment of student attitudes, student knowledge, lecturers’ role models, and lecturer performance in teaching. The fuzzy stages used in the system are the process of fuzzification, rules, and defuzzification. This study concludes that fuzzy assessment can be carried out by producing good evaluations for the value range of 80-100, enough for the range of values of 54-79, and less in the range of values 0-55.
Mini-Review: The Influence of User Behavior on the Success of Information System Implementation: Towards the Development of Behavior-Based Information System Requirements
Authors: Alas M Sali , Purwanto  , Farikhin
Published: November 2021

The characteristics and behaviour of information system users have a big influence on the successful implementation of information systems. There have been many studies that reveal the effects of user behaviour related to technology and information systems. The majority of research conducted deals with the impact of culture on user behaviour after the implementation of information systems. Very few journals discuss how the characteristics and factors of user behaviour are used as inputs that affect the information system development process. This research was conducted to conduct a literature review regarding the dominant factors in user behaviour and to see their impact on the development of information systems. The results of the study are in the form of synthesis to see the opportunity to include these user behaviour factors into components of the information system requirements.
Intelligent Tutoring System Using Bayesian Network for Vocational High Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Ikhwan Burhan Muhammad , Sediyono Eko , Adi Kusworo
Published: November 2021

The lack of personal tutorials during school hours caused the learning approach at Vocational High Schools to be less optimal, and the student's competence is not achieved maximumly. Some computer-based self-learning systems have been developed as solutions to these problems. Unfortunately, the system's weakness is that learning does not pay attention to the diversity of students' abilities. Based on those, this research proposes an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) model using Bayesian Network at Vocational High Schools (SMK) to determine the level of students' abilities and teach skills competency materials based on each student's ability level. This is quantitative research with quasi-experimental using one group pretest-posttest design. The research participants were 69 students of the Computer and Network Engineering expertise program at SMK Negeri 4 Gowa and SMK Negeri 1 Gowa, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The results showed significant differences in students' learning outcomes after the use of the proposed ITS; in other words, the proposed ITS was effective in increasing the skill competency of Vocational High School Students. The evaluation results showed that the created Bayesian Network model had a high level of accuracy, reaching 84%.
Performance of Under-Reamed Piles in Collapsible Soil
Authors: Mahdi Hayder A. , Mohialdeen Omar k. , Jihad Amer G.
Published: November 2021

One of the Iraqi geotechnical problems is the presence of gypseous soils covering about (27-36) percentage of Iraq soils containing gypsum between (10-70) ratios. The main reason for soil problematic is the gypsum dissolution when these soils are inundated. However, the soluble gypsum can be leached out of the soil particles, so these problems can be led to cracking, tilting, and collapsing the related soil structure and changing the soil properties. The aim of this work is to investigate the performance of under-reamed piles as a new, improved method to reduce the moisture sensitive and the primary triggering mechanism for the volume reduction of collapsible soil, which is considered as a non-elastic deformation; this was done by carrying series of inundation these soil with using different types of under reamed piles to arrive the best and suitable type useful in gypseous soils. The piles with reams are concrete piles with one or more ream, so under-reamed piles are suitable in weak soils where sizable ground movement, variations, filed up ground, silty clay, and loose sand which has the advantage to increase the soil strength. This paper includes the experimental model of under-reamed piles under static load simulated by a steel plate on the pile cap, then the load-settlement curve, friction force, and bearing force founded from the investigation of different patterns of reamed. It was found that a number of bulbs had a significant reduction on settlement reach to 93% in case of using triple under-reamed pile which is the greatest results in comparison with other patterns and reference pile of the uniform cross-section in the wet state.
Impact of Changing the Surrounding Urban Context on Sustainable Design of Historic Buildings
Authors: Yahya Hafedh Abed , Ismail Khalid J. Aluddin , Ali Turki Hasan
Published: November 2021

Research aims are to explain the impact of the built environment on the efficiency of sustainability of historical buildings. The most vital factor of sustainability in hot and semi-dry climates is the thermal efficiency of inner spaces. The conventional building materials used in historic buildings in Mosul have high thermal efficiency, but it works with the surrounding built environment as an integrated thermal system. This surrounding built environment could be exposed to dramatic changes within the efforts of reconstruction of Mosul city. Al-Aghawat mosque was selected as a case study due to its surrounding urban context and original conventional building materials. This research adopts ENVImet analysis method. Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was assumed to be the indicator for thermal comfort in hot and semi-dry weather. ENVI-met program applied for simulation of two cases at the hottest day in the summer of 2019-2020 through climatic data. The first case estimates the air temperature in the inner and open spaces of the mosque with its original surrounding context and then checks the air temperature of the same spaces after removing the surrounding context. The results reveal changes in thermal efficiency within the two cases. In order to conserve the thermal efficiency of the historic buildings, the researchers recommended adopting a conservation strategy of the surrounding context.
Evaluation neuer Methoden zur Atemwegssicherung bei Langzeitmissionen im Weltall
Authors: Warnecke Tobias , Kerkhoff Steffen , Schmitz Jan , Hinkelbein Jochen
Published: November 2021

In den kommenden Jahren rücken Langzeitmissionen mit Errichtung einer Raumstation in der Mondumlaufbahn und bemannte Mars- missionen in erreichbare Nähe. Eine kurzfristige Evakuierung wird nicht möglich sein und die Besatzung muss, ggf. auch ohne ärztliche Unterstützung, autark eine Vielzahl möglicher medizinischer Ereig- nisse versorgen können. Hierzu zählen Notfälle mit Sicherung der Atemwege, wie auch eine notwendige Analgosedierung oder Voll- narkose. Nach Auswertung bisheriger Studien zur Evaluation geeig- neter Devices, empfiehlt sich der Einsatz supraglottischer Atemwegshilfsmittel bei freischwebender Anwendung in Schwerelosigkeit. Im Falle einer notwendigen endotrachealen Intubation muss aufgrund der Einflüsse der Schwerelosigkeit mit Schwellungen der Atemwege gerechnet werden, weshalb ein Videolaryngoskop Teil der Ausstat- tung sein sollte. Wann immer möglich, sollte zumindest der Patient während der Atemwegssicherung auf einem geeigneten Untergrund (z. B. Stretcher) fixiert sein.
Predictive Value of Insulin Resistance as Determined by Homeostasis Model Assessment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu An , Li Yunping , Liu Rongcai , Qi Dongjing , Yu Guofeng , Yan Xinjiang , Mao Dandan , Li Xiang , Zhou Richeng , Dai Weimin
Published: November 2021

Studies on association between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and adverse outcomes have yielded conflicting results in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This meta-analysis aimed to assess the predictive value of HOMA-IR in AIS patients. Two authors comprehensively searched PubMed and Embase databases until February 28, 2021. All observational studies investigating the association between HOMA-IR and adverse outcomes in AIS patients were included. Outcome measures were poor functional outcome (Modified Rankin Scale≥3), all-cause mortality, stroke recurrence, and neurologic worsening. Seven studies (eight articles) involving 8330 AIS patients were identified. For the highest versus lowest HOMA-IR, the pooled risk ratio (RR) of poor functional outcome was 2.55 (95% CI 1.76–3.70) after adjustment of conventional confounding factors. In addition, elevated HOMA-IR was associated with higher risk of neurologic worsening (RR 1.93; 95% CI 1.15–3.26). However, there were conflicting findings on the association of HOMA-IR with stroke recurrence and all-cause mortality. This meta-analysis confirms that HOMA-IR is significantly associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcome in patients with AIS. However, interpretation of the results of mortality, stroke recurrence, and neurologic worsening should be done with caution due to small number of studies available.
Predictors of Perioperative Vasoactive Drug Requirement During Retroperitoneal Adrenalectomy for Pheochromocytoma: A Retrospective Exploratory Study
Authors: Alexeev Mikhail , Kuleshov Oleg , Fedorov Elisei , Gorokhov Kirill , Rusakov Vladimir , Ionova Tatiana , Nikitina Tatiana , Bornstein Stefan , Efremov Sergey
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present study was to test a hypothesis that baseline systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) assessed by method of transpulmonary thermodilution predicts perioperative requirement for vasoactive drugs. The primary outcomes were: (1) peak vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) and (2) peak dose of hypotensive drugs at any stage of surgery. The main exposure variable was baseline SVRI. Hemodynamics were retrospectively assessed by transpulmonary thermodilution in 50 adults who had undergone posterior retroperitoneal surgery for pheochromocytoma. Univariate linear regression analysis showed predictive value of SVRI on VIS [regression coefficient, 95% CI; 0.024 (0.005, 0.4), p=0.015]. Other significant factors were the history of peak diastolic pressure, baseline MAP, baseline betablocker therapy, and history of coronary artery disease (CAD). After adjustment of SVRI for the history of CAD, its prognostic value became non-significant [0.018 (0.008, 0.03), p=0.063 and 29.6 (19, 40.2), p=0.007 for SVRI and history of CAD, respectively]. Requirements of vasodilators were predicted by baseline adrenergic activity [0.37 (0.005, 0.74), p=0.047]. In conclusion, baseline SVRI is associated with perioperative requirement of vasopressor drugs, but history of CAD is a stronger prognostic factor for vasopressor support. Perioperative requirement in vasodilators is associated with baseline adrenergic activity.
Effects of Metformin and Exercise in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Yu , Wang Huimin , Zhu Zhengyan , Huang Hongli
Published: November 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Metformin is introduced for treatment of women with PCOS, and the beneficial effects of exercise in women with PCOS are found for a range of outcomes. Our aim is to compare the effects of metformin plus exercise with exercise intervention in PCOS on clinical, anthropometric, metabolic, and psychological parameters. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for studies. Nine studies were considered eligible for inclusion. The meta-analysis reveals that metformin offers additive benefits to exercise, leading to modest improvements in menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, and abdominal fat.
Reservoir computing using photon-magnon coupling
Authors: Millet Loïc , Jeon Haechan , Kim Bosung , Bhoi Biswanath , Kim Sang-Koog
Published: November 2021

The current demand for large-volume data processing has led to the emergence of brain-inspired devices and algorithms, such as reservoir computing (RC), a promising computational framework for temporal-data processing. As inspired by a demonstration of RC using spin-torque nano-oscillators [Marković et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 114, 012409 (2019)], we experimentally demonstrated RC using the non-linear dynamical responses of photon-magnon coupling (PMC) modes, i.e., the magnitude, phase, and frequency of the transmission spectra in a specially designed hybrid system consisting of an inverted split-ring resonator and an yttrium iron garnet film. Through the outputs decoded from the magnitude and frequency of the PMC transmission spectra, we experimentally achieved a 100% classification rate for recognitions of non-degenerate sine and square waveforms in a wide range of DC magnetic fields (DC currents) center, thanks to the extremely high signal-to-noise ratios and the non-linearity of the dynamical variables. The experimental realization of RC based on PMC can pave an alternative pathway to the development of high-performance RC devices.
Constructing and representing exchange–correlation holes through artificial neural networks
Authors: Cuierrier Etienne , Roy Pierre-Olivier , Ernzerhof Matthias
Published: November 2021

One strategy to construct approximations to the exchange–correlation (XC) energy EXC of Kohn–Sham density functional theory relies on physical constraints satisfied by the XC hole ρXC(r, u). In the XC hole, the reference charge is located at r and u is the electron–electron separation. With mathematical intuition, a given set of physical constraints can be expressed in a formula, yielding an approximation to ρXC(r, u) and the corresponding EXC. Here, we adapt machine learning algorithms to partially automate the construction of X and XC holes. While machine learning usually relies on finding patterns in datasets and does not require physical insight, we focus entirely on the latter and develop a tool (ExMachina), consisting of the basic equations and their implementation, for the machine generation of approximations. To illustrate ExMachina, we apply it to calculate various model holes and show how to go beyond existing approximations.
Sublimation temperature sensor for temperature locale
Authors: Skifton Richard S. , Hone Lance A.
Published: November 2021

The sublimation temperature sensor (or “sublime sensor”) provides a continuum of measurement locations in which certain maximum temperatures are achieved during a heat up/cool down cycle. A predetermined material is encapsulated within a vacuum-sealed, non-volatile long tube (i.e., both ends capped and L ≫ D). This assembly is then inserted and centered into a heated zone, such as a furnace, exhaust pipe, or reactor. As the temperature increases, the material will sublimate (i.e., a process of having both the solid and gaseous states of matter simultaneously present) and will begin to fill the void—moving outward in both directions toward the ends of the tube. Once beyond the elevated temperatures, the gas will de-sublimate (i.e., deposition) onto the inner wall of the tube. The desired result of the sensor is the ring of material that develops over a relatively short period of time. This material deposit can be equated with temperature at an exact location. There is no need to interpolate and/or extrapolate for the desired measurement. Accuracy has been recorded for temperature locations on the range of ±2 mm over a 1 m span. Likewise, the precision of the measurement is ±0.2% the overall sensor domain. Furthermore, individual tubes with unique materials and pressures can be bundled together to provide a complete temperature profile of the heated zone.
Spectral self-imaging of optical orbital angular momentum modes
Authors: Lin Zhongzheng , Hu Jianqi , Chen Yujie , Yu Siyuan , Brès Camille-Sophie
Published: November 2021

The Talbot self-imaging effect is mostly present in the forms of space or time, or in the frequency domain by the Fourier duality. Here, we disclose a new spectral Talbot effect arising in optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The effect occurs in the context of petal-like beams, which are typically constructed from a number of in-phase equidistant OAM modes with at least one void mode in between. When illuminating such beams on phase masks that are azimuthally modulated with Talbot phases, the initial OAM modes are self-imaged to create new OAM modes, meanwhile preserving the initial OAM spectral profile. Such a phenomenon is theoretically predicted, and a close analogy is drawn with the spectral Talbot effect of frequency combs. The prediction is also experimentally confirmed by observing versatile spectral self-imaging on various optical petal-like beams.
Electronic structure and stability of Cs2TiX6 and Cs2ZrX6 (X = Br, I) vacancy ordered double perovskites
Authors: Cucco B. , Bouder G. , Pedesseau L. , Katan C. , Even J. , Kepenekian M. , Volonakis G.
Published: November 2021

Vacancy ordered halide perovskites have been extensively investigated as promising lead-free alternatives to halide perovskites for various opto-electronic applications. Among these, Cs2TiBr6 has been reported as a stable absorber with interesting electronic and optical properties, such as a bandgap in the visible, and long carrier diffusion lengths. Yet, a thorough theoretical analysis of the exhibited properties is still missing in order to further assess its application potential from a material's design point of view. In this Letter, we perform a detailed analysis for the established Ti-based compounds and investigate the less-known materials based on Zr. We discuss in detail their electronic properties and band symmetries, highlight the similarity between the materials in terms of properties, and reveal limits for tuning electronic and optical properties within this family of vacancy ordered double perovskites that share the same electron configuration. We also show the challenges to compute accurate and meaningful quasi-particle corrections at the GW level. Furthermore, we address their chemical stability against different decomposition reaction pathways, identifying stable regions for the formation of all materials, while probing their mechanical stability employing phonon calculations. We predict that Cs2ZrI6, a material practically unexplored to date, shall exhibit a quasi-direct electronic bandgap well within the visible range, the smallest charge carrier effective masses within the Cs2BX6 (B = Ti, Zr; X = Br, I) compounds, and a good chemical stability.
Magnetic Field Effects on Quantum Wells
Authors: Chowdhury Sujaul , Shadman Awsaf Chowdhury , Kumar Das Ponkog
Published: November 2021

This book is an analysis of a semiconductor nanostructure called isolated GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well (QW). It details the connectivity between quantum mechanics and semiconductor physics and is the first comprehensive book on this topic. It provides a detailed analysis of the application of quantum mechanics of semiconductor nanostructures and electron transport under the influence of magnetic field. Electronics, lasers, atomic clocks, and magnetic resonance scanners all fundamentally depend on our understanding of the quantum nature of light and matter explored in this book.

Magnetic Field Effects on Quantum Wells is a highly technical treatment featuring:Calculated parametric variations of transmission coefficient of the QW in non-tunneling regime in absence and in presence of magnetic field applied perpendicular to GaAs-AlGaAs interfacesExplanations of magnetic field dependence of the parametric variations in a quantitatively exact mannerPresentations of background material on microelectronics, nanostructure physics, and classical mechanics

This is an invaluable resource for researchers, scientists, industry professionals, faculty, and graduate students working with quantum mechanics. It is an excellent text for post-graduates conducting research in semiconductor and condensed matter.
Fluxes of dissolved methane and nitrous oxide in the tidal cycle in a mangrove in South China
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhan Liyang , Ye Wangwang , Wen Jianwen , Chen Guangcheng , Li Yuhong , Chen Liqi
Published: November 2021

Environmental context Methane and nitrous oxide play a significant role in climate change, while the variation in fluxes in mangrove-dominated coastal wetlands is a key uncertainty in the production of these gases. Field studies measuring the fluxes of these gases in a specific coastal mangrove were conducted and revealed complex seasonal behaviors. Methane emissions to the atmosphere were significant, while nitrous oxide emissions were less so, but are likely to increase where nutrient levels increase. Abstract Mangroves are carbon sinks that are believed to contribute to carbon neutrality; however, they are also considered to be partly offset by their emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). In this study, dissolved CH4, N2O and other hydrological parameters over the tidal cycle in the Golden Bay mangrove (GBM), Beihai, Guangxi, are investigated during the dry season and wet season. The concentration and flux of dissolved N2O and CH4 in the GBM have distinct seasonal variations under the influence of the tidal cycle, and the concentration and flux in the dry season were higher than those in the wet season, with GBM as a weak source of N2O and a strong source of CH4. The fluxes of N2O and CH4 were 119 ± 370 μmol m−2 yr−1 and 87.2 ± 48.6 mmol m−2 yr−1 respectively during tidal coverage. The emission of CH4 through the water–atmosphere interface offsets 22.5 % of the total carbon sequestration of GBM. Owing to the potential increase in N2O emissions caused by possible exogenous nitrogen input and the transport of dissolved CH4 from mangroves to coastal water, uncertainty remains in assessing the capacity of blue carbon sinks in mangroves.
Debating translanguaging
Authors: Bonnin Juan Eduardo , Unamuno Virginia
Published: November 2021

In this article, we discuss the concept oftranslanguagingby showing how theoretically unhelpful it is to account for language dynamics among Indigenous speakers leading revitalization projects in the Southern Cone of Latin America. We show how clear-cut distinctions between Spanish and Indigenous languages are crucial for minority speakers’ socio-political struggles against Spanish cultural, political, and social hegemony.

We open our discussion by reviewing the different definitions of translanguaging in sociolinguistics and applied linguistics. We examine how the term sometimes overlaps with other previously established concepts such ascode-switchingandcode-mixingand show the importance of inscribing any concepts in the historical and socio-political context in which they are used. We illustrate how Indigenous peoples’ understanding of multilingualism challenges linguists’ discourse on translanguaging. Our analysis aims at prompting scholars to reflect on the ideologies and practices we describe here to understand and attend more responsibly to Indigenous peoples’ political concerns.
Identification of dwarfism loci Dw1 and Dw2 in clonal apple rootstocks using molecular markers
Authors: Shamshin IN , Dubrovsky M L , Grosheva E V , Trifonova A A , Boris K V
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) of Dw1 and Dw2 involved in the control of dwarf growth in clonal apple rootstocks using the molecular markers. In total, 14 forms of rootstocks were analyzed. The microsatellite markers Hi01c04, Hi04a08, CH03a09 (for the Dw1 locus), MDP0000365711, and MDP0000243703 (for the Dw2 locus) were used in the study. Analysis of the results did not reveal a relationship between the presence of a marker and the manifestation of a sign. Of the three markers of the Dw1 locus, only Hi01c04 amplifies a fragment of the expected size of 120 bp. It was found in 9 forms of rootstocks (PB-4, 57-491, 83-1-15, M9, G16, 2-12-10, 2-9-102, 4-6-5 and 70-20-20). The Hi01c04 marker was identified in both dwarf and medium-sized forms. Of the two markers of the Dw2 locus, the desired fragment is amplified in MDP0000365711. It is typical for almost all genotypes. The exception is 83-1-15, 2-12-10 and 70-20-20, which have a null allele. To assess the genetic diversity of the Dw1 and Dw2 loci, 6 microsatellite sequences Hi01c04, Hi04a08, CH03a09, CH02d08, MDP0000365711, and MDP0000243703 were used. In 14 studied samples, 29 allelic variants ranging in size from 102 bp. up to 170 bp were identified. The number of alleles per locus varied from 1 (for the MDP0000365711 locus) to 7 (for the Hi04a08 locus). No rare alleles were identified. All alleles were observed more than three times. Based on the analysis of SSR spectra, a dendrogram reflecting the similarity of the genotypes under study was built.
Growth features of apple varieties and forms with natural and compact crown types
Authors: Zemisov A S , Youshkov A N , Saveleva N N , Grigoreva L V , Borzykh N V , Khlupova N V , Tarova Z N
Published: November 2021

This research explores the compactness of apple varieties and forms with different types of crown. Orchards on semi-vigorous rootstocks with density and high density planting systems are cost-effective in modern horticulture. For making such gardens, it is necessary to have trees with special compact crown shape. They ensure the high-quality fruits production, meeting the requirements of world standards. To date the most perspective apple varieties and forms for domestic intensive gardening from the rich gene pool of the Selection and Genetic Center of Federal State Scientific Institution «I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center» are identified. Varieties of folk domestic and foreign breeding took part in the creation of new genotypes. Apple varieties and promising forms (more than 160 genotypes), including from near and far abroad selection, were used as materials for crown features studying. We conducted our study by the following indicators: tree height, crown volume, “degree of compactness” and the shoot-forming ability. We found that the genotypes Sholokhovskoye, Zvezda Artemyeva, 25-7(11), 40-9(8), 36-8(21), 40-9(6), 8-7(72), 40-9(7), 36-8(17), 62-5(140) have optimal crown parameters. We recommend their use for industrial horticulture and further breeding to create restrained growth, low-volume crown, and a high degree of compactness varieties.
Chemical composition, functional and technological (processing) properties of whey ingredients
Authors: Melnikova E I , Bogdanova E V , Paveleva D A
Published: November 2021

The growth in volumes of the milk whey manufacturing has revealed the new field of processing, such as dry whey ingredients production. The authors have made investigations of chemical composition, functional and technological (processing) properties of whey protein concentrates with protein of 35, 55, 80 % in dry matter, whey protein hydrolysate and cheese whey permeate. We used standard methods, generally accepted in research practice. The chemical composition of the tested samples has been determined, including their rehydration properties in terms of wettability, dispersibility and solubility. Heat denaturation of whey proteins during the processing is the reason for the bound groups–SH release and their reactivity enhancement, which provides antioxidant effect of whey ingredients (the antioxidant content in the tested samples is 0.031; 0.058; 0.095; 0.146 and 0.024 mg/g for the whey protein concentrates with protein of 35, 55, 80 % in dry matter, whey protein hydrolysate and whey permeate respectively). The functional and technological properties of whey ingredients make possible their application while producing different product line groups in order to control the technological processes and the quality factors of the enriched products.
Cultivation method for revitalized potato material in the system of original seed production
Authors: Buldakov S A , Shakleina N A , Plekhanova L P
Published: November 2021

To arrange a system of virus-free potato seed production in the Sakhalin region, a series of studies undertaken to come up with a method towards potato material cultivation in film-gauze greenhouses. At the initial stage, the key agrotechnical methods were developed for growing test-tube microplants, including optimal planting plans – 70×15 cm (the highest yield derived from a standard mini-tuber fraction pcs/m2), 70×30 cm (for clone selection); spraying with insecticides (Aktellik – 3 l/ha, Rogor – 2 l/ha) and fungicides (Ridomil – 1 kg/ha, Tsineb – 2.4 kg/ha) to combat agents transmitting viral and fungal infections; chlorocholine chloride treatment (1.1%) to reduce the growth of the vegetative mass; serological analysis of plants for latent infection with viruses X, Y, S, M, F; burning tops with Reglon (2 l/ha) 2 weeks before harvesting. A set of agrotechnical methods used for producing healthy seed tubers on the Timiryazevskoye seed farm made it possible to reduce the elite cultivation cycle from 5 to 4 years, increase the yield by 57.2%, and reduce the production cost by 43.5%. Subsequently, the methods worked out for producing potato seeds were improved based on modern breeding varieties and phytoregulators (Azolen, Elena, Extrasol, Epin-Extra, Zircon) in spray mixtures with the fungicide Shirlan, contributing to an increased yield up to 34% and efficiency of a standard seed fraction up to 33%. Under production conditions, this method provided a conditionally net income of 450-700 thousand rubles/ha.
The content and characteristics of the accumulation of carotenoids in the grain of modern corn hybrids
Authors: Khoroshilov S A , Voronin A N , Klimenko M N , Biryukova T V , Derevlev E I , Lavrinenko P S
Published: November 2021

The studies were carried out in 2018–2019 in the Belgorod region to identify hybrids and parental forms of corn with increased content of carotenoids in the grain. The material for the study was 4 domestic hybrids, 3 hybrids of the selection of Maizadur, 2 - Syngenta, 1 - Monsanto, 1 - Woodstock, standard - Belkorn 250 MB, as well as 4 parental components of the Decent SV hybrid. During the experiment, agricultural practices traditional for the region were used. The harvesting of the registration plots was carried out manually, considering the weight of the cobs and the harvesting moisture content of the grain. The content of carotenoids in grain was determined according to the developed method in terms of lutein. In 2018, a preliminary screening of a sample of hybrids was carried out. All studied hybrids, except for GIS 1 and GIS 3, surpassed the Belkorn 250 SV standard. The concentration of carotenoids in two domestic hybrids Resource SV (18.4 mg/kg) and Decent SV (19.8 mg/kg) surpassed the hybrids of the Maizadur selection by 35.9 and 40.4% of the Syngenta selection by 8.7 and 15, 2%, Monsanto - by 26.6 and 31.8%, Woodstock - by 8.2 and 14.6%, respectively. On average, over two years, the highest content of carotenoids in grain and their harvest per unit area was observed for the corn hybrid Decent DM (21.8 mg/kg and 169.4 g / ha, respectively), in which the values of these indicators exceeded the Belkorn 250 MV standard in 2 times. Among the parental components, the self-pollinated lines EM 10 3C (26.6 mg/kg) and SB 5-1 SV (29.7 mg/kg) were characterized by a high concentration of carotenoids - the parental components of the Decent SV hybrid.
Assessment of the adaptive potential of strawberry genotypes based on the development of endophytic microbiota and identified R-genes
Authors: Luk’yanchuk IV , Zaitseva K V , Lyzhin A S
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of the strawberry genotypes (Fragaria L.) by characteristics of endophytic microbiota and genetic determinants of resistance to fungal pathogens. Highly adaptive genotypes were identified: F. virginiana Duch. ssp. platypetala, F. orientalis Los., F. ovalis Rydb., F. moschata Duch., 298-19-9-43, Urozhaynaya CGL, Flora, Privlekatelnaya and Troitskaya. These strawberry forms are characterized by a high frequency of testing of bacterial microbiota, which suppresses endophytic fungal pathogens. The wild strawberry F. virginiana Duch. ssp. platypetala is characterized by red stele root rot resistance (Rpf1 gene). Strawberry varieties Borovitskaya and Elianny are characterized by anthracnose resistance (Rca2gene).
Effect of granular fertilizer of disinfected chicken dung application on crop productivity and soil fertility
Authors: Stepantsova L V , Matsnev I N , Palchikov E V , Volkov S A , Moskaleva E V
Published: November 2021

On dark gray forest and leached chernozem soils of the Tambov region, the effectiveness of using new granular organic fertilizer from poultry excreta was evaluated. After disinfection of the litter by deep drying, the total content of NPK in the fertilizer constitutes 11-12%, the content of trace elements is about 1g/kg. Field experiments conducted in 2019 showed that the yield increase from the introduction of the studied organic fertilizer at a dose of 4-8 t/ha on spring wheat was 25-30%, on spring barley - 20-23%, on sugar beets from the introduction of 8 t/ha - 10-12%, on potatoes - 40-50%, on tomatoes from 6 t/ha - 30-32% Profitability from the use of this fertilizer on cereals is 130-145%, on technical crops - 140-150%, on vegetables - 230-250%. Optimal fertilizer doses contribute to increasing protein in wheat grains by 1.5%, sugar content in sugar beets by 8-9%, starch content in potatoes by 3-4%, and sugar, dry substances and vitamin C content in tomatoes by 1-2%. The introduction of fertilizer in doses higher than optimal contributes to the increase of basic nutrients and micronutrients content in the soil.
Methods for restoring fertility and improving physical and mechanical properties of soils
Authors: Zavrazhnov A I , Vedishchev S V , Kadomtsev A I , Pavlov A G , Prokhorov A V , Vyguzov M E
Published: November 2021

Insufficient intake of organic matter into the soil, non-compliance with crop rotations result in the soil degradation. Only due to the use of mineral nutrition, it is impossible to maintain a high level of soil fertility. To compensate for the lack of humus, the most optimal is the use of green fertilizers. The costs of producing and applying cover crops are significantly less than the costs of using organic fertilizers. In terms of peasant farms conditions in the Tambov region, two types of crop rotations with the introduction of sideral crops are recommended. It is important to carry out grinding and embedding of sideral crops specifically so that it can provide optimal parameters for the decomposition of organic mass and promote humus formation. Currently, four processing techniques are used for harvesting and embedding sideral crops. The recommended scheme involves mowing and step-by-step grinding of the grass stand with a mower-shredder located in front of the tractor, followed by embedding in the soil with a disc harrow. The analysis shows that small producers segment has no affordable machines for high-quality grinding of sideral crops with low specific energy consumption. To ensure stems cutting with minimal specific energy consumption, a mower has been developed, which, due to the trough-shaped type of its body, forms plants tilted forward in a mass and then, they fall into the grinding zone with the angle of inclination of the stems in this mass close to the angle of body inclination. In the grinding zone, the plant stems are exposed to knives rotating in plane surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal surface of the mower body. As a result of operational tests of the mower-shredder of sideral crops and crop residues, it was found that technological process of plants grinding is carried out steadily and with a quality that meets agrotechnological requirements.
Efficiency of nutrient solutions with different concentration in the cultivation of white cabbage seedlings
Authors: Blagorodova E N , Varfolomeeva N I , Zvyagina A S , Krasnoselova E A
Published: November 2021

Fertilizers help to fill the missing nutritional elements for plants and affect their growth and the future crop. The paper presents the results of conducted studies on the effect of nutrient solution concentration on morphological and biochemical indicators of white cabbage seedlings. The seedlings of two early-ripe cabbage hybrids – Mirror F1 and Tiara F1 – were grown in peat substrate trays. A nutrient solution of 50 ppm (No.1) and 150 ppm (No.2) was used to feed the seedlings twice during the growing period. The obtained results showed the differences in experimental variants in terms of the height of seedling plants, the number of leaves and leaf-area duration, the weight and volume of the root system, total solids, content of sugar, ascorbic acid. The varietal reaction of cabbage seedlings to the introduction of root feeds with different concentrations was revealed. The nutrient solution No. 2 of hybrid plants Mirror F1 stimulated the development of roots, their weight exceeded the control indicators (without fertilizers) by 37.3%, and the volume – by 37.8%, contributed to the increase of the content of solids (8.27%), general sugar (0.53%), ascorbic acid (78.79 mg%). When fed with nutrient solution No. 2 the seedlings of Tiara F1 hybrid were characterized by a large leaf-area duration, which exceeds the control by 1.3 times, and the indicators of the root system. The plants of this seedlings consisted of 49.5% of the root system. The chemical analysis of water in greenhouse farming for irrigation of plants showed that it contains various macro- and microelements that are necessary for the growth of vegetable seedlings. The concentration of the nutrient solution did not significantly affect the content of macroelements in the seedlings. When using nutrient solution No. 2, an increase in the plants of the two studied phosphorus hybrids was noted, a deficit of which is very often observed when growing seedlings.
The promising variety of European radish Ophelia grown in protected and open ground conditions
Authors: Kosenko M A
Published: November 2021

Among the existing variety of vegetables, table root crops are very popular both in the Russian Federation and abroad: carrots, beets, radishes, turnips and parsnips. These crops are sources of natural vitamins; due to low prices for marketable products and seeds, they have been cultivated in Russia. Among all vegetables, radish ranks first by the content of potassium, magnesium and calcium salts; it also contains iron and phosphorus. When growing new varieties and hybrids of radish suitable for the mechanized harvesting, one should pay attention to the strength of leaves, the erectness of leaf rosettes, the uniformity of immersion in the soil and the easy pull-out of root crops. The collection of root crops Raphanus sativus L. VIR is annually replenished with numerous samples of the latest selection, primarily from China, Japan, and the Netherlands, as well as samples collected in Central Asia and the Caucasus. The main task of greenhouse vegetable growing is year-round or off-season production of high-quality vegetables (daikon, radish and turnip). As a result of the research, a new variety of European summer radish Ophelia was created for growing in protected and open ground conditions. It is an early ripening variety: it takes 33-38 days from full germination to the beginning of economic ripeness. Leaf rosettes are of medium size, light green. The vegetable has white elliptical roots. The Base is rounded. The pulp is white and opaque
The quality of spring wheat and barley grain under the influence of protective-stimulating preparations in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals
Authors: Moiseeva K V , Shulepova O V
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the fungicide Lamador and the humic preparation Rostok on the quality of spring wheat and spring barley in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. According to the yield, we found that pre-sowing seeds treatment with Lamador protectant and joint treatment with Rostock contributed to an increase in yield by 0.70 t/ha of spring wheat and 0.15 t/ha of spring barley, in the option with the pre-sowing seeds treatment with Lamador protectant and Rostock preparation by 0.90 t/ha and 0.10 t/ha. The highest yield of spring wheat was noted in the third option – 4.10 t/ha, of spring barley in the second option – 3.52 t/ha. An increase in the thousand kernel weight was noted in the crops under study. The highest thousand kernel weight was observed for spring wheat and spring barley in the third option – 30.2 g and 54.3 g, respectively. The maximum protein content in the spring wheat grain was noted in the third option –13.3%, which is higher than the control option by 1.3%, for spring barley we also noted protein increase by 0.4-0.5%. Thus, the experimental application of the fungicide Lamador together with the preparation Rostok for wheat seeds treatment demonstrated a positive effect of the protectants on plants in the agro-climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region and contributed to an increase in crop yield by 28% for spring wheat and 4% for spring barley, which proved the need for their use in the plant protection system, to increase the productivity and quality of the grain obtained.