bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОПОЛЗНЕВЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В ГОРНЫХ РАЙОНАХ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Даукаев А.А. , Дадашев Р.Х.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена оползневым процессам в горной части ЧР. Приведены сведения об активизации оползней в данном районе во второй половине прошлого и в начале нынешнего веков. Отмечена роль природных и антропогенных факторов в активизации оползней. Даны конкретные рекомендации по противодействию оползневым процессам, подкреплённые конкретными примерами. На основе критического анализа результатов проведенных авторами опытноэкспериментальных работ показано, что при выполнении ряда научно обоснованных мероприятий, направленных на противодействие оползневым процессам, ущерб от них можно существенно уменьшить.

Article is dedicated landslide processes in the southeastern part CHR. Is given the information about the making more active of landslides in this region in the separate years in the second-half of the past and at the beginning of the present of centuries. The role of natural and anthropogenic factors in the making more active of landslides is noted. Dana recommendation is given concrete example on the protivoopolznevym measures.

НР-н ламанан декъехь хуьлучу токхамашна лерина ю статья. ДIадаханчу бIешеран шолгIачу эхехь а, карарчу бIешеран юькхьехь а цигахь токхамаш хилар жигардаларх хаамаш балийна. Iаламан а, антопрогенни а хиламаша токхамаш жигарйовларехь лоцу дакъа ду билгалдаьккхина, царна дуьхьалоярехь кхочушдан дезарг а дийцаре, масалш а далош. Авторша зиэрийн-экспериментийн белхийн талламашбарца гайтина, нагахь Iилманан бух тIехь цу Iаламан бохамна дуьхьалоян Iалашонца билггалболу белхаш дIахьахь, токхамех хуьлу зенаш лахлур дара аьлла хеташ.
ЖАНГИЕВ ЖАНХОТ: КРАТКИЙ ИСТОРИКО-БИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ОЧЕРК
Authors: ДАХО А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются сведения, касающиеся деятельности личности Жанхота Жангиева (1810/12 - 80-е гг. XIX в.) - выходца из общества Тумсой, составителя рукописи «Жахотан тептар», общественного деятеля и воина Имамата времен Шамиля. Приводится обширный этнографический материал, раскрывающий отдельные эпизоды из жизни Жанхота, конфликты и судебные тяжбы. В предисловии кратко описывается история предков Жанхота; конкретно - о Хорсе (XIV в.), Теманге (XVI в.) и Ганбуре (XVIII в.).

The article deals with information concerning the activities of the personality of Zhankhot Zhangiyev (1810/12-80s of the XIX century) - a native of the Tumsoy society, the compiler of the manuscript 43 "Zhakhotan Teptar", a public figure and a warrior of the Imamate of the time of Shamil. An extensive ethnographic material is provided, revealing individual episodes from the life of Zhankhot, conflicts and lawsuits. The preface briefly describes the history of the ancestors of Zhankhot; specifically-about Khors (XIV century), Temang (XVI century) and Ganbur (XVIII century).

Жангиев Жанхотан (1810/12 - 80-чу шш. ХIХ бI.) - Тумсойн юкъараллера схьаваьллачу, «Жахотан тептар» куьйгайоза яздинчу юкъараллин гIуллакххочун, имаман Шемалан заманахьлерчу бIаьхочун дар-лелоран хаамаш бу статья тIехь бийцаре беш. Жанхотан дахарера цхьаболу хиламаш, Iотбаккхамаш, суьдехь (кхиэлехь) девнан гIуллакхаш къастор, этнографин дуккха материалаш а йу кху балха тIехь ялош. Дешхьалхехь йоцца йовзуьйту Жанхотан дайн истори; къаьсттина - Хьорсах (ХIV бI.), ТIемангах (ХVI бI.), ГIанбурах а (ХVII-XVIII бI.).
Применение лазерных технологий в современной хирургии ЛОР-органов
Authors: Дайхес Н.А. , Виноградов В.В. , Решульский С.С.
Published: December 2024

Голова и шея наиболее сложная анатомическая область для хирургических вмешательств. Сложность заключается не только в том, что в указанной локации расположены жизненно важные анатомические структуры, но и в социальной и коммуникативной функциях органов головы и шеи. Данные обстоятельства диктуют востребованность развития и внедрения технологий, позволяющих выполнять функциональнощадящее лечение и способствующих сокращению сроков реабилитации пациентов. Одним из решений данной проблемы является развитие лазерной хирургии головы и шеи с использованием углекислотного лазера.

The head and neck are the most difficult anatomical areas for surgical procedures. The difficulty lies not only in the fact that vital anatomical structures are located there, but also in the social and communicative functions of the head and neck organs. These circumstances dictate the need for the development and implementation of technologies that would allow a functionally sparing treatment and contribute to the reduction of the rehabilitation period length. One of the solutions is the progress in the head and neck surgery using a carbon dioxide laser.
ЗРЕЛЫЕ И НЕЗРЕЛЫЕ ГИПЕРТРОФИЧЕСКИЕ РУБЦЫ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ: КЛИНИКО- МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ, ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА.
Authors: Коган Е.А. , Андреева В.В. , Решетов И.В.
Published: December 2024

Целью исследования явилось изучение клинико-морфологических и патогенетических особенностей зрелых и незрелых гипертрофических рубцов (ГР) головы и шеи. Материалы и методы: проведено открытое контролируемое проспективное одноцентровое исследование 176 пациентов с биопсией рубцовой ткани. Для иммуногистохимических исследований (ИГХ) в качестве первичных антител использовали мышиные моноклональные антитела к коллагену I типа (клон 3G3, Santa Cruz, разведение 1:100), коллагену III типа (клон B-4, Santa Cruz, разведение 1:50), коллагену IV типа (клон COL-94, Santa Cruz, разведение 1:50), MMP-1 (клон 3B6, Santa Cruz, разведение 1:100), SMA (клон 1A4, Dako Agilent, разведение 1:100) и TGFβ (клон 3С11, Santa Cruz, разведение 1:100). В работе продемонстрированы отличительные клинические, морфологические и иммуногистохимические характеристики, особенности патогенеза зрелых и незрелых гипертрофических рубцов области головы и шеи. Выявлены отличия зрелых и незрелых ГР по накоплению коллагенов, миофибробластических элементов- α-SMA, TGF-, ММР1 макрофагов. В незрелых ГР отмечалась более высокая экспрессия TGF- и выраженная воспалительная реакция с активным неоангиогенезом. Установлено влияние TGF- на формирование ГР. Проведенное исследование позволяет увидеть целостную картину выявленной патологии и подобрать соответствующее лечение пациентам с ГР.

The aim of the article was to study the clinical, morphological and pathogenetic features of mature and immature hypertrophic scars (HS) of the head and neck. Materials and methods: an open controlled prospective single-center study of 176 patients with scar tissue biopsy was conducted. For immunohistochemical studies (IHC), mouse monoclonal antibodies to type I collagen (clone 3G3, Santa Cruz, dilution 1:100), type III collagen (clone B-4, Santa Cruz, dilution 1:50), type IV collagen (clone COL-94, Santa Cruz) were used as primary antibodies, breeding 1:50), MMP-1 (clone 3B6, Santa Cruz, breeding 1:100), SMA (clone 1A4, Dako Agilent, breeding 1:100) and TGFß (clone 3C11, Santa Cruz, breeding 1:100). The study demonstrates distinctive clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, features of the pathogenesis of mature and immature hypertrophic scars of the head and neck. Differences between mature and immature HS in the accumulation of collagens, myofibroblastic elements, α-SMA, TGF-, MMP1 macrophages were revealed. In immature HS, there was a high expression of TGF-, a more pronounced inflammatory reaction with active neoangiogenesis. The effect of TGF- on the formation of HR has been established. The conducted study allows us to see a complete picture of the revealed pathology and to choose the appropriate treatment for patients with GR.
КРУГОВОЕ ЭПИСКЛЕРАЛЬНОЕ ПЛОМБИРОВАНИЕ В ХИРУРГИИ РЕЦИДИВОВ РЕГМАТОГЕННОЙ ОТСЛОЙКИ СЕТЧАТКИ ПОСЛЕ ВИТРЕОРЕТИНАЛЬНОЙ ХИРУРГИИ
Authors: Шишкин М.М. , Файзрахманов Р.Р. , Кочева Е.А. , Суханова А.В. , Шавшина Д.А.
Published: December 2024

Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность кругового эписклерального пломбирования (КЭП) в лечении рецидивов регматогенной отслойки сетчатки (РОС) после витреоретинальной хирургии (ВРХ). Материал и методы. Проведен анализ результатов хирургического лечения 21 пациента (21 глаз) с рецидивами РОС после первичной витрэктомии. Всем пациентам были проведены стандартные предоперационные обследования, такие как визометрия, тонометрия, офтальмобиомикроскопия, а также дополнительно выполняли оптическую когерентную томографию с целью оценки вовлеченности макулярной зоны, наличие передней пролиферативной витреоретинопатии определяли по данным ультразвуковой биомикроскопии, длину глаза измеряли оптическим биометром. Всем пациентам было выполнено круговое пломбирование склеры, в некоторых случаях в комбинации с повторной ВРХ. Результаты. Предварительные результаты исследования показали высокую эффективность применения одного КЭП и в сочетании его с ревизией витреальной полости при рецидиве РОС после первичной ВРХ, что составило 95% после одной дополнительной операции и удаления силиконового масла. Заключение. КЭП в лечении рецидивов регматогенной отслойки сетчатки после ВРХ – это многофункциональный и безопасный метод, который щадящим путем позволяет добиться благоприятных функциональных и анатомических результатов.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of circular scleral buckling in treatment of recurrent regmatogenic retinal detachments after vitreoretinal surgery as a consequence of the progression of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Material and methods: Results of surgical treatment of 21 patients (21 eyes) with a recurrent retinal detachment after a primary vitrectomy were analyzed. All patients underwent standard preoperative examinations such as visometry, tonometry, ophthalmobiomicroscopy. Additionally optical coherence tomography was performed to assess the involvement of the macular area, the presence of anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy was determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy, the length of the eye was measured with an optical biometer. All patients underwent circular scleral buckling combined with repeated vitreoretinal surgery in some cases. Results: Preliminary results of the study showed a high efficiency of usage circular scleral buckling only combined with its revision of the vitreal cavity in case of regmatogenic retinal detachments after a primary vitreoretinal surgery. This was 95% after one additional operation and removal of silicone oil. Conclusions: Circular scleral buckling in treatment of recurrent regmatogenic retinal detachment after vitreoretinal surgery is a multifunctional and safe
СРАВНЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ СИНУС-ЛИФТИНГА И СЕПТОПЛАСТИКИ У КРЫС НА ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СИМПАТИЧЕСКОЙ И ПАРАСИМПАТИЧЕСКОЙ НЕРВНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Драгунова С.Г. , Косырева Т.Ф. , Северина Е.А. , Попадюк В.И. , Клейман В.К. , Кузнецов Н.Д. , Скопич А.А. , Кастыро И.В. , Костяева М.Г. , Танкибаева Д. , Быкова А.О. , Ланковская А.-С.А. , Соболев А.А. , Пшенбаева Ж. , Кашкаха С.Г. , Иванова Е.С. , Киселева А.Ю. , Смирнова А.А. , Султанов Р.Э.о.
Published: December 2024

В исследовании представлена оценка эффекта моделирования синус-лифтинга и септопластики у крыс на изменение тонуса симпатической и парасимпатической нервной систем. Достоверных отличий между группами в первые два дня после операции выявлено не было. Однако, по сравнению с контролем, было определено, что в раннем постоперационном периоде повышается низкочастотный компонент и снижается высокочастотный. Также увеличивается диапазон VLF. Это свидетельствует об увеличении активности симпатической нервной системы и сдвиге метаболизма под влиянием постхирургического воспаления.

The study provides an assessment of the effect of modeling sinus lifting and septoplasty in rats on changes in the tone of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. There were no significant differences between the groups in the first two days after surgery. However, in comparison with the control, it was determined that in the early postoperative period, the low-frequency component increases, and the high-frequency component decreases. The very low frequency range also increases. This indicates an increase in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and a shift in metabolism under the influence of post-surgical inflammation.
Подкуп избирателей: правовые ограничения и практика
Authors: Макарцев А.А. , Беляев А.И.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируются проблемы установления факта подкупа избирателей. Особое внимание уделяется анализу судебных решений, связанных с таким подкупом. Отмечается отсутствие единого подхода в оценке установления факта подкупа. По мнению авторов, это определяется разными подходами законодателя к регулированию родственных общественных отношений, связанных с проведением предвыборной агитации при формировании различных представительных органов. Обращается внимание на необходимость судам и избирательным комиссиям выработать единые позиции и подходы к рассмотрению вопросов, относящихся к подкупу избирателей. Анализ действующего законодательства и зарубежного опыты позволил авторам сделать предложение о расширении мер наказания для лиц, осуществляющих подкуп избирателей.

The article analyzes the problems of establishing the fact of bribery of voters. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of court decisions related to such bribery. There is a lack of a unified approach in assessing the establishment of the fact of bribery. According to the authors, this is determined by the different approaches of the legislator to the regulation of related social relations related to the conduct of election campaigning during the formation of various representative bodies. Attention is drawn to the need for courts and election commissions to develop common positions and approaches to the consideration of issues related to voter bribery. An analysis of the current legislation and foreign experience allowed the authors to make a proposal to expand the penalties for those who bribe voters..
Юридическая ответственность государственного служащего как обеспечение гарантии защиты прав и свобод граждан
Authors: Горина С.А. , Дибиров К.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется сложившаяся практика взаимодействия граждан с государственными и муниципальными служащими, проблемы привлечения к административной ответственности за совершение противоправных деяний должностных лиц государственных и муниципальных учреждений, а также пути совершенствования взаимодействия и гармонизация интересов личности, общества и государства.

The article analyzes the current practice of interaction between citizens and state and municipal employees, the problems of bringing to administrative responsibility for committing illegal acts officials of state and municipal institutions, as well as ways to improve interaction and harmonize the interests of the individual, society and the state.
К вопросу о правовом статусе субъектов правоотношений в сфере использования и оборота земельной недвижимости.
Authors: Чаркин С.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье проводится классификация и уточняется правовой статус различных субъектов правоотношений в сфере использования и оборота земельной недвижимости. Анализируются особенности правового положения нескольких групп граждан как субъектов правоотношений в сфере использования и оборота земельной недвижимости, юридических лиц, публичных субъектов (Российская Федерация, субъекты РФ, муниципалитеты), иностранных граждан и юридических лиц. Обосновывается вывод о том, что отнесение земельных участков не только к категории недвижимых вещей, но и природных ресурсов и объектов обусловило межотраслевое регулирование отношений по использованию и обороту земельной недвижимости. Это привело к появлению многообразия субъектов правоотношений в сфере использования и оборота земельной недвижимости, обладающих рядом больших и малых различий в объеме их правосубъектности и правовом статусе, чего нет применительно к другим недвижимым объектам (зданиям и сооружениям, жилым помещениям).

The article classifies and clarifies the legal status of various subjects of legal relations in the sphere of use and turnover of land real estate. The features of the legal status of several groups of citizens as subjects of legal relations in the sphere of use and turnover of land real estate, legal entities, public entities (the Russian Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation, municipalities), foreign citizens and legal entities are analyzed. The conclusion is substantiated that the assignment of land plots not only to the category of immovable property, but also natural resources and objects caused the inter-sectoral regulation of relations on the use and turnover of land real estate. This has led to the emergence of a variety of subjects of legal relations in the sphere of use and turnover of land real estate, which have a number of large and small differences in the scope of their legal personality and legal status, which is not the case with other immovable objects (buildings and structures, residential premises).
Предмет, метод, принципы и источники трудового права как исходные предпосылки для обоснования трудо-правовых аспектов обеспечения антитеррористической защищенности объектов гражданских прав
Authors: Шаронов С.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья подготовлена в рамках научной дискуссии, организованной на страницах журнала, и представляет собой совокупность авторских взглядов на обеспечение антитеррористической защищенности объектов гражданских прав посредством использования системных элементов отрасли «Трудовое право». Аргументируется положение о том, что предмет, метод, принципы и источники трудового права могут выступать своеобразной основой для осуществления возможных действий, реально направленных на защиту вещей (иного имущества), жизни и здоровья людей от угрозы совершения террористических актов в процессе осуществления трудовой деятельности. Делается вывод о том, что интерес участников гражданского оборота, обладающих правовым положением работодателя, представляет собой методологическую основу для определения трудо-правовых аспектов обеспечения антитеррористической защищенности объектов гражданских прав. Дается краткая характеристика системных элементов трудового права в контексте исследуемой темы.

The article was prepared within the framework of a scientific discussion organized on the pages of the journal, and represents a set of author's views on ensuring anti-terrorist protection of civil rights objects through the use of system elements of the «Labor Law» branch. The article argues that the subject, method, principles and sources of labor law can serve as a kind of basis for the implementation of possible actions really aimed at protecting things (other property), life and health of people from the threat of terrorist acts in the course of their work. It is concluded that the interest of civil turnover participants who have the legal status of an employer is a methodological basis for determining the labor and legal aspects of ensuring anti-terrorist protection of objects of civil rights. A brief description of the systemic elements of labor law in the context of the topic under study is given.
К вопросу о формировании семейноцентричного законодательства
Authors: Мохов А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье предпринимается попытка осмысления феномена семейноцентричного законодательства в современной России. Автор определяет в качестве цели нового вектора развития законодательства (семейного, социального и др.) решение демографических, ментальных и иных проблем современного государства. Формирование семейноцентричного законодательства требует разработки новой Семейной доктрины государства, на основе которой будет создаваться семейное и иное законодательство страны второй четверти XXI века.

The article attempts to comprehend the phenomenon of family-centered legislation in modern Russia. The author defines as the goal of a new vector of development of legislation (family, social, etc.) the solution of demographic, mental and other problems of the modern state. The development of family-centric legislation requires the development of a new Family doctrine of the state, on the basis of which the family and other legislation of the country of the second quarter of the XXI century will be formed.
Некоторые аспекты назначения и исполнения наказания в виде исправительных работ несовершеннолетним осужденным
Authors: Одинцова М.А.
Published: December 2024

В современной теоретико-прикладной юриспруденции не утихают дискуссии относительно эффективности назначения и применения к несовершеннолетним осужденным наказания в виде исправительных работ. Это связано, с одной стороны, с особенностями данной категории осужденных, а с другой — с многочисленными проблемами, возникающими в правоприменительной практике при реализации данного вида наказания. Наличие коллизий и пробелов в отечественном законодательстве, определенное его несоответствие общепризнанным международным нормативным правовым актам диктует необходимость совершенствования правового механизма реализации данного вида общественных отношений.

In modern theoretical and applied jurisprudence, discussions about the effectiveness of the appointment and application of punishment in the form of correctional labor to juvenile convicts do not cease. This is due, on the one hand, to the peculiarities of this category of convicts, and on the other hand, to the numerous problems that arise in law enforcement practice when implementing this type of punishment. The presence of conflicts and gaps in domestic legislation, its certain inconsistency with generally recognized international normative legal acts dictates the need to improve the legal mechanism for the implementation of this type of public relations.
Принципы правового института исполнения уголовного наказания в виде лишения свободы и их закрепление в уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве
Authors: Чорный В.Н. , Жилко И.А. , Рудич В.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье исследуется проблема закрепления в уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве не только общеправовых, межотраслевых и отраслевых принципов, но принципов отдельных правовых институтов, в частности принципов исполнения наказания в виде лишения свободы. Рассмотрены теоретические основы данной группы принципов, обосновывается необходимость системного подхода не только при доктринальной разработке принципов, но и при закреплении их в законодательстве.

The article examines the problem of consolidating in the penal legislation not only general legal, intersectoral and sectoral principles, but the principles of individual legal institutions, in particular the principles of execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment. The theoretical foundations of this group of principles are considered, the need for a systematic approach is substantiated not only in the doctrinal development of principles, but also in enshrining them in legislation.
Памяти Учителя, Соратника и Друга
Authors: Вершило Т.А. , Запольский С.В. , Леднева (Другова) Ю В. , Селюков А.Д. , Черникова Е.В.
Published: December 2024

Статья представляет собой живой отклик-воспоминание о замечательном человеке, профессоре Ольге Николаевне Горбуновой, ставшей, по мнению ее учеников и соратников, еще при жизни легендой современного финансового права. Ученица профессора Е.А. Ровинского, О.Н. Горбунова воспитала плеяду достойных последователей и внесла неоценимый вклад в развитие науки финансового права.

The article is a lively response-a reminder of a wonderful man, Professor Olga Nikolaevna Gorbunova, who, according to her students and associates, became a legend of modern financial law during her lifetime. A student of Professor E.A. Rovinsky, O.N. Gorbunova brought up a galaxy of worthy followers and made an invaluable contribution to the development of the science of financial law.
Вооруженные нападения в российских образовательных учреждениях: причины совершения и некоторые аспекты противодействия
Authors: Воробьев С.М. , Полищук Н.И.
Published: December 2024

В статье исследуются проблемные политико-правовые вопросы вооруженных нападений на образовательные учреждения, изобличается деструктивная роль различных интернет-ресурсов в формировании криминальных мотивов данных преступлений, обосновывается целесообразность государственного запрета освещения в средствах массовой информации указанных злодеяний.

The article examines problematic political and legal issues of armed attacks on educational institutions, exposes the destructive role of various Internet resources in the formation of criminal motives for these crimes, justifies the expediency of a state ban on media coverage of these atrocities.
Создание доступной среды в субъектах Российской Федерации: особенности правового гарантирования
Authors: Егупова М.А.
Published: December 2024

Создание доступной среды, обеспечивающей инвалидам и иным маломобильным группам населения равные с другими гражданами возможности в различных сферах жизни, — процесс, требующий консолидированных усилий со стороны как федеральных, так и региональных органов государственной власти. В работе рассматривается правовое гарантирование как один из важнейших инструментов воздействия на формирование доступной среды, предоставляющий субъектам как юридическую, так и фактическую возможность реализации права на доступную среду. Автор делает вывод об особом статусе программных документов, определяющих ценностную основу правового гарантирования создания доступной среды в субъектах Российской Федерации.

Creating the accessibility of facilities and services open or provided for persons with disabilities to be guaranteed full enjoyment of their rights without discrimination is a process that requires consolidated efforts on the part of both federal and regional public authorities. The paper considers legal guarantee as one of the most important tools providing persons with disabilities with both legal and actual opportunity to exercise their rights. The article concludes about the special status of the program documents defining the value basis of the legal guarantee of the accessible environment creation in the regions of the Russian Federation.
Synthesis of Substituted N -Benzylidene- N' -(2,4 dinitrophenyl)hydrazine and their Acidochromic Behaviour
Authors: Islam Ariful , Rahman Md Kabidur , Badal Md Mizanur Rahman , Uddin Md Khabir , Maniruzzaman Md , Yousuf Md Abu
Published: December 2024

Substituted 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone Schiff bases were efficiently synthesized using microwave-induced organic reaction enhancement techniques. Different spectral techniques UV–Visible, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and 1HNMR) were used to analyze the prepared compounds (1a–1c). The hydrazone Schiff bases showed obvious acidochromic properties. The acidochromic behavior of substituted 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone Schiff bases were investigated by doping HCl in 3 different polar protic and aprotic solvent systems. The hyperchromic shift was observed in all three compounds in polar protic and aprotic solvent systems. In contrast to protic solvent, the hypsochromic shift was observed with an isosbestic point for all three compounds in polar aprotic solvent systems. These spectral changes can be attributed to successive protonation of the –C=N-chromophore. In order to probe this assumption, theoretical calculation was carried out using TD/DFT/ B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory with different solvent system. For comparison the unprotonated and the protonated structure of UV–Vis spectra between computational and experimental findings were also performed. These results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
A systematic and general machine learning approach to build a consistent data set from different experiments: application to the thermal conductivity of methane
Authors: Máximo-Canadas Matheus , Duarte Julio Cesar , Nichele Jakler , Alves Leonardo , Pereira Luiz Octavio , Ramos Rogerio , Borges Itamar
Published: December 2024

Experimental data from different sources present challenges due to variability and noise from various experimental conditions, apparatuses, and environmental factors. In this work, we propose a general method to address these challenges to build a consistent data set. As a case study, we analyze experimental data sets of methane’s thermal conductivity across the liquid, vapor, and supercritical phases. The method is based on machine learning (ML) techniques, which consistently integrate data from various experimental sources compiled by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database. Different ML algorithms are used for this purpose. Our findings indicate that ML models yield predictions closer to the NIST’s processed data than to the original raw experimental data used to train the models. This demonstrates the models’ generalization ability from heterogeneous, noisy, and untreated data sets. While our approach does not eliminate preprocessing, it suggests that ML can autonomously handle noisy data, providing a faster and cost-effective alternative to traditional pre- and postprocessing methods. By guiding the refinement of labor-intensive methods, ML proves adaptable for real-time data, enabling immediate adjustments and revolutionizing industrial and scientific optimizations. Therefore, the proposed ML approach is general and efficient in handling complex and heterogeneous data to deliver reliable predictions without extensive preprocessing.
Beyond the Vibrational Stark Effect: Unraveling the Large Redshifts of Alkyne C-H Bond in Solvation Environments
Authors: Zheng Chu , Mao Yuezhi , Markland Thomas E. , Boxer Steven G.
Published: December 2024

C-H···O hydrogen bonds are formed in systems ranging from biomolecular complexes to small-molecule structures. Previous work has focused on the blueshifts in the C-H stretching frequency induced by these hydrogen bonds and their chemical and biological roles. Here, we show that, in contrast, terminal alkyne C-H hydrogen bonds exhibit large redshifts (50 - 100 cm^-1) upon hydrogen bonding with oxygen-containing solvents. Using spectroscopic and computational approaches, we elucidate and compare the roles of the vibrational Stark effect, bond polarization, and charge transfer in driving the C-H redshift. We show that the redshifts of alkyne’s terminal C-H upon the formation of hydrogen bonds correlate with the Lewis basicity of the solvent and are significantly larger than those arising solely from solvent electric fields (vibrational Stark effect), differing from the well-studied redshift of carbonyl vibrations induced by hydrogen bonds. Through a decomposition of vibrational frequency shifts based on DFT calculations using absolutely localized molecular orbitals, we demonstrate that including the effects of bond polarization and charge transfer, in addition to the vibrational Stark effect, results in quantitative agreement between experimentally observed C-H frequency shifts and the theoretically predicted values in various oxygen-containing solvents. Our results highlight the significance of effects beyond pure electrostatics in accounting for the large redshifts in C-H···O hydrogen bonds and exemplify our approach to quantifying the contributions from different physical effects.
Towards higher energy density LMFP battery cathodes
Authors: Bree Gerard , Zhao Jingyi , Majherova Veronika , Proprentner Daniela , Abdulgafar Hunaynah , Paez Fajardo Galo J. , Piper Louis F. J.
Published: December 2024

The design of new lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials must balance performance, cost, manufacturability and safety. Recently commercialised LiMnxFe1-xPO4 (LMFP) materials offer good energy density & stability, low material cost and excellent safety characteristics. Within this material set lies a wide variety of potential formulations (Mn/Fe ratio) exhibiting varied cathode properties and challenges. In this work, we assessed three commercially available LMFP materials with Mn content in the range 60 – 80 % in full cell format, confirming the role of Mn/Fe ratio on specific capacity, energy density and cell stability. High Mn content increased the average discharge voltage while maintaining specific discharge capacity, with 80 % Mn providing an 18 % boost to initial gravimetric energy density over LFP. However, worse kinetics and increased capacity fade rate resulted in the reduction and eventual elimination of this energy density advantage after 100 cycles. A blend material (LMFP and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2, NMC811) was also evaluated, exhibiting characteristics of both material types. An initial 23 % boost to energy density over LMFP alone was diluted following NMC-dominated degradation in early cycles, but enhanced capacity retention over NMC811 alone remained in long-term cycling. This work highlights the potential advantages of these newly commercialised materials, while identifying outstanding challenges to widespread adoption and exploitation.
Moltiverse: Molecular Conformer Generation Using Enhanced Sampling Methods
Authors: Bedoya Mauricio , Adasme-Carreño Francisco , Peña-Martínez Paula Andrea , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Camila , Peña-Tejo Luciano , Márquez Montesinos José C.E. , Hernández-Rodríguez Erix W. , González Wendy , Martínez Leandro , Alzate-Morales Jans
Published: December 2024

Accurately predicting the diverse bound-state conformations of small molecules is crucial for successful drug discovery and design, particularly when detailed protein-ligand interactions are unknown. Established tools exist, but efficiently exploring the vast conformational space remains challenging. This work introduces Moltiverse, a novel protocol using enhanced sampling molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for conformer generation. The extended adaptive biasing force (eABF) algorithm combined with metadynamics, guided by a single collective variable (radius of gyration, RDGYR), efficiently samples the conformational landscape of a small molecule. Moltiverse demonstrates comparable accuracy and, in some cases, superior quality when benchmarked against established software like RDKit, CONFORGE, ConfGenX, Torsional diffusion, and Conformator. We present an exhaustive ranking based on eight quantitative metrics and statistical analysis for robust conformer generation algorithms comparison and provide recommendations for their improvement based on our findings. We introduce the Cofactorv1 dataset, a complementary resource for conformer generator evaluation. Unlike traditional datasets with thousands of single-conformer molecules, the Cofactorv1 dataset features only seven small molecule cofactors but with hundreds to thousands of experimental conformers per molecule (sourced from the PDB). This diversity, encompassing 15-29 rotatable bonds, poses a significant challenge for conformer generation benchmarks. Cofactorv1 is a complementary dataset that serves as a valuable resource for developing and evaluating conformer generation methods like Moltiverse, pushing the boundaries of accuracy and diversity in this relevant field.
Physicochemical and sensory quality of mackerel fish ball formulated by dumbo
catfish (Clarias gariepinus) protein isolate as a binder
Authors: Canti M. , Wirawan C.A. , Lestari D.
Published: December 2024

Catfish is a freshwater fish with high protein content and productivity. However, its use is
still limited. Food processing and formulation can be a solution to utilize catfish protein in
fish-based products. This study investigated the physicochemical and sensory quality of
mackerel fish balls (MFBs) formulated with catfish protein isolate (CPI) as a binder. The
catfish protein was isolated using the pH-shifting method with extraction at pH 11 and
precipitation at pH 5.5. The fish ball formulation contained mackerel crushed meat
(MCM) and catfish protein isolate (CPI), with ratios of F1 (100:0), F2 (85:15), and F3
(70:30). The MFBs were also analysed for their physical (e.g., colour, water holding
capacity (WHC), cooking loss, texture), proximate, and sensory properties. The results
showed that the CPI had a high protein content (93.46% db), which followed the Codex
Alimentarius standard. The addition of CPI had a significant effect on the colour, WHC,
cooking loss, hardness, proximate composition, and sensory properties (colour, aroma,
taste, texture, and overall attributes) of MFBs (p<0.05). The CPI improved WHC,
hardness and protein content while reducing the cooking loss of MFBs. The MFBs with
the ratio of MCM: CPI of 85:15 (F2) were the best formulation based on the hardness
value, protein content, and sensory properties. The protein content of F2 increased by
6.89% from the control. CPI can be an additive ingredient in highly nutritious fish-based
products with good physical and sensory properties.
YOLOV7-BASED MOVING OBJECT DETECTION IN DENSE FOG CONDITIONS
Authors: Puhan Sharmistha , Mishra Sambit Kumar
Published: December 2024

Detecting moving objects in dense foggy conditions is a challenging problem in computer vision, with critical applications in smart transportation systems, surveillance, and autonomous driving. Fog particles scatter and absorb light, significantly reducing visibility and making it difficult for traditional computer vision algorithms to accurately detect moving objects. To address this challenge, researchers have proposed learning-based approaches that leverage deep neural networks to recognize moving objects and adapt to the unique characteristics of foggy environments. In this study, we present a learning-based method utilizing the YOLOv7 framework to effectively detect moving objects in dense fog conditions. The proposed approach involves four key stages: feature extraction, feature fusion, object detection, and non-maximum suppression. The results achieved are highly promising when compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE AND HUMAN POPULATION MODEL WITHIN BANGLADESH AND SRI LANKA
Authors: Dey Pinakee , Adhikary Anish Kumar , Abhi Adham , Sultana Sharmin , Hasan Asif , Rahman Tania , Anjum Niloy Md. Monower , Sarker Shuvo , Karim Rezaul
Published: December 2024

This article presents projections of the future population growth in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, along with a comparative analysis of the demographics of these two countries. Based on our projections, the projected population of Bangladesh in 2060 is estimated to be around 211 million, while the population of Sri Lanka is projected to be around 356 million. The exponential expansion of the global population represents one of the most formidable challenges facing humanity, profoundly impacting individual well-being while compelling transformative adaptations within societal frameworks and governmental institutions. Moreover, we have computed a forecast for the next period and included a demographic evaluation of the rural populations and crime rates of both nations in this piece. This study critically examines the precision and applicability of three mathematical frameworks, namely, the least squares model, the logistic growth model, and the Malthusian (exponential growth) model, in forecasting population dynamics within Bangladesh and Sri Lanka by the conclusion of the twenty-first century. Even though transgender individuals are recognized as the third gender, the appropriate statistics are not yet available. In addition, the study presents a speculative analysis of how the state has addressed the growth of its population in previous instances and how it would address it in coming years.
RELIABILITY MODELING AND STOCHASTIC EVALUATION OF A MACHINE OF VARIOUS UNITS WITH IMMEDIATE REPAIR OF FAILED UNIT
Authors: Singla Shakuntla , Rani Ritu , Mangla Diksha , Modibbo Umar Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the design reliability and quality of dairy products. Reliability and stochastic analysis of a dairy plant divided into two units using the regenerative method. At startup time, both units are in active mode. If one of the units fails, the system remains in active mode but goes into a reduced state. If both units fail, the system enters an invalid state. The distribution of the repair time is arbitrary in this system, whereas the malfunctioning time is exponentially distributed. With the data gathered from the milk plant, we assess average time to system failure, availability, busy time, and profitability through a mathematical analysis in this work that makes use of the Laplace transform, semi-Markov process, and regenerative point. Consequently, the conclusion of this paper helps plant managers make timely maintenance decisions and enhance the system’s overall performance.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN HYBRID PV-WIND-BATTERY STORAGE-BASED MICROGRID USING MONTE CARLO OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Ganthia Bibhu Prasad , B. M. Praveen , Barkunan S. R. , Marthanda A. V. G. A. , Kumar N. M. G. , Kaliappan S
Published: December 2024

The paper presents an efficient energy management system designed for a small-scale hybrid microgrid incorporating wind, solar, and battery-based energy generation systems using three types of Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The heart of the proposed system is the energy management system, which is responsible for maintaining power balance within the microgrid. The EMS continuously monitors variations in renewable energy generation and load demand and adjusts the operation of the energy conversion systems and battery storage to ensure optimal performance and reliability. The primary objective of the energy management system is to maintain power balance within the microgrid, even in the face of fluctuations in renewable energy generation and load demand. This involves dynamically adjusting the operation of the renewable energy sources and battery storage system to match the instantaneous power requirements of the microgrid. Overall, the paper presents a comprehensive approach to designing and implementing the Monte Carlo technique to extract maximum energy profit using the hybrid microgrid. By integrating renewable energy sources with energy storage and advanced control algorithms, the proposed system aims to enhance the reliability, stability, and sustainability of the microgrid's power supply.
COMPUTING THE INDEPENDENT DOMINATION METRIC DIMENSION PROBLEM OF SPECIFIC GRAPHS
Authors: Mohamed Basma , Batiha Iqbal M. , Odeh Mohammad , El-Meligy Mohammed
Published: December 2024

We consider, in this paper, the NP-hard problem of finding the minimum independent domination metric dimension of graphs. A vertex set of a connected graph resolves if every vertex of is uniquely identified by its vector of distances to the vertices in . A resolving set of is independent if no two vertices in are adjacent. A resolving set is dominating if every vertex of that does not belong to is a neighbor to some vertices in . The cardinality of the smallest resolving set of , the cardinality of the minimal independent resolving set, and the cardinality of the minimal independent domination resolving set are the metric dimension of , independent metric dimension of , and the independent domination metric dimension of , respectively.
Notes on pollination ecology of Altensteinia fimbriata Kunth in the city of Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Carrera Martín , Baquero Luis
Published: December 2024

Most orchid species face significant challenges in urban environments. Particularly, pollination services and reproductive success can be altered due to habitat fragmentation related to human activities. Despite this, several terrestrial orchid species thrive in these environments. This study investigates the pollination ecology of Altensteinia fimbriata, a terrestrial orchid prevalent in disturbed habitats from the neotropics. This research aims to identify the pollination mechanism and to list the pollinators and floral visitors associated to A. fimbriata. During 30 hours of observation in a patch with 60 inflorescences of A. fimbriata within an anthropic area of the city of Quito, Ecuador, we recorded 121 visits from ten moth species, identifying four moth species as effective pollinators. Three of the pollinator species were noctuid moths. Moth activity peaked in the evening, coinciding with the emission of distinctive floral scents, suggesting that both scent and nectar attract visitors. We found that the four pollinators of A. fimbriata transfer pollinariums using their legs. This pollination mechanism is found in other terrestrial orchid species from different subtribes where noctuid moths are also the main pollinators. Our findings highlight the adaptability of A. fimbriata in urbanized areas and emphasize the need to understand its pollination dynamics in the context of global change.
La comprensión de un espacio de trabajo matemático (ETM) en base seis por parte de futuros profesores de primaria y su influencia en el ETM en base diez
Authors: Peteers Florence , Segura Corella Norma , Vivier Laurent
Published: December 2024

En el dominio matemático de los números la base diez juega un rol importante en la escolaridad primaria y secundaria, aunque no es absoluta del punto de vista matemático. Sin embargo, la mayoría de personas interpretan este rol como absoluto, obteniendo lo que se interpreta como un paradigma común o degenerado donde el número se confunde con su representación en base diez. Este artículo reporta los hallazgos de una experiencia con futuros profesores de primaria, en tercer año de licenciatura en Francia. Se propone una secuencia que permite construir un ETM para desarrollar el conocimiento de los números utilizando la base seis como sistema de representación, en paralelo del ETM en base diez. Se presenta el análisis de la circulación del trabajo matemático de los estudiantes, abordando diferentes aspectos de los números a través de las tres génesis. El estudio revela el establecimiento de un nuevo sistema de representación, la base seis, como un agente transformador del paradigma común tomando conciencia del papel no absoluto de la base diez.
Meningitis criptocócica en un paciente sin VIH. Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Peñafiel Gomez Melanie Dayana , Ordoñez Sanchez Ignacio Enrique , Briones Morales Víctor Euclides
Published: December 2024

Cryptococcal meningitis is a mycosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Gattii, which is transmitted by air and affects the lungs and central nervous system. This disease is a common cause of meningitis in patients with HIV/AIDS; however, in recent years there has been an increase of cases in immunocompetent patients, for this reason, the following case report is made. The objective of this report is to present the case of a patient with cryptococcal meningitis in the absence of HIV infection by reviewing the clinical history. The following is the case of a 67-year-old male with a history of arterial hypertension, under treatment with losartan and amlodipine, who came to the emergency room with a clinical picture of asthenia, algic with severe headache 7/10 VAS scale, the clinical picture evolves with decreased strength in the lower limbs and severe headache 10/10. The need for further investigation of the immunopathological mechanisms of cryptococcal infection in seronegative individuals is emphasized, as understanding the immune responses could improve diagnosis and treatment. In cryptococcal meningitis, elevated intracranial pressure influences prognosis in 50% of cases. Limited diagnostic resources and time hinder accurate identification of the cause and effective treatment in seronegative patients.
Uso de prebióticos y probióticos en el tratamiento de la obesidad: un estudio de revisión
Authors: Gavilanes Guerrero María de los Ángeles , Quiroga Torres Elizabeth , Núñez Núñez Alexis Mauricio
Published: December 2024

Obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems in the world, with figures of about 641 million people. The usual treatment for this condition is the reduction of calories from the diet, use of medications or surgical interventions. Obesity is associated with an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota. Prebiotics are non-digestible compounds of dietary fibers. Probiotics are living organisms that confer benefits to the individual. The objective was to determine the efficacy of the consumption of prebiotics and probiotics for the treatment of obesity. A systematic review of 9 scientific articles selected from Web of Science, Pubmed, Taylor and Francis, Dialnet and Scielo was performed. The review revealed that the use of pre and probiotics contributes to the reduction of weight, BMI and waist circumference in people with obesity, as well as the reduction of some biochemical markers associated with obesity. It is suggested that supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics may be an alternative as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity. However, more studies are needed to support their use.