bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suplementasi Tepung Daun Asam dalam Ransum terhadap Pertambahan Ukuran Linear Tubuh dan Prediksi Bobot Badan Ternak Babi Landrace Fase Grower
Authors: Aklili Sepriyono , Nalley W. Marlene , Dodu Tagu
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of tamarind leaf powder supplementation on (Tamarindus indical L.)supplementation in the basal ration on the increase in linear body size and prediction of body weight of pigs.Twelve landrace castration male pigs aged 3-4 months with initial body weight of 35.5-64 kg (CV=23.65%)were used as research animals. The design used was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3replications. The treatments tested were T0: basal ration (control), T1: basal ration (BR) + 2.5% tamarind meal(TM), T2: BR + 5% TM, T3: BR + 7.5% TM. The variables measured were body length, schest circumference,height, predicted body weight. The results of the analysis showed that the treatment had no significant effect(P>0.05) on body length, chest circumference, height, prediction of body weight. It can be concluded that thesupplementation of tamarind leaf powder in the basal ration up to 7.5% has not had an effect on body length,chest circumference, height and prediction of body weight.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh suplementasi tepung daun asam (Tamarindus indical L.) dalamransum basal terhadap pertambahan ukuran linear tubuh dan prediksi bobot badan ternak babi. Ternak babijantan kastrasi peranakan landrace sebanyak 12 ekor berumur 3-4 bulan dengan berat badan awal 35,5-64 kg(KV=23,65%) digunakan sebagai ternak penelitian. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acakkelompok dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah R0: ransum basal (kontrol), R1:ransum basal (RB) + 2,5% tepung daun asam (TDA), R2: RB + 5% TDA, R3: RB + 7,5% TDA. Variabel yangdiukur adalah panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi badan, prediksi bobot badan. Hasil analisis menunjukkanbahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi badan, prediksibobot badan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi tepung daun asam dalam ransum basal hingga 7,5% belummemberikan pengaruh terhadap panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi badan dan prediksi bobot badan.
Penggunaan Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottoni) terhadap Konsumsi dan Kecernaan Nutrisi Pedet Sapi yang Disapih Dini
Authors: Sabneno Desri Debora , Nikolaus Tara Tiba , Jalaludin Jalaludin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using red seaweed (Eucheuma cottoni) onconsumption and nutrients digestibility in early weaned calves. In this study, 16 bali cattle calves were used withbody weight of 30-40 kg with an age range of 3-4 months. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD)with 4 treatments and 4 periods as replications. The applies given is complete feed with Eucheuma cottonicontents of 0% (CT0), 5% (CT5), 10% (CT10), and 15% (CT15) respectively. The result showed that the use ofEucheuma cottoni in the ration did not reduce consumption and digestibility of nutrient of early weaned Balicalf. Moreover, use of Eucheuma cottoni in the complete feed up to 15% had the same effect with the othertrearments which did not reduce consumption and digestibility of nutrients. It was concluded that use ofEucheuma cottoni up to 5-15% in complete feed did not reduce consumption and digestibility of nutritents.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan rumput laut merah(Eucheuma cottoni) terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan nutrisi pada pedet yang disapih awal. Pada penelitiandigunakan 16 ekor pedet sapi bali dengan bobot badan 30-40 kg dengan kisaran umur 3 – 4 bulan digunakandalam penelitian ini. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuandan 4 periode sebagai ulangan. Pemberian yang diterapkan adalah pakan lengkap dengan kandungan (Eucheumacottoni) berturut-turut 0% (CT0), 5% (CT5), 10% (CT10), dan 15% (CT15). Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pemberian rumput laut merah (Eucheuma cottoni) hingga 15% tidak menurunkan konsumsi dankecernaan nutrisi ransum; Disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi rumput laut merah dapat digunakan sebagaikonsentrat pada pakan pedet sapi bali mencapai 5-15%.
Kualitas Fisik dan Organoleptik Se’i Kambing Menggunakan Jus Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantiifolia) dan Jahe (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: Eno Maria Iwanti , Malelak Gemini Ermiani Mercurina , Sabtu Bastari
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of curing using different types of ginger juiceand lime juice on the physical and organoleptic qualities of goats. The ingredients used includefresh goat meat, ginger, lime juice, and additional ingredients, namely table salt and saltpeter. Theexperiment used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. namely P0:Without adding lime and ginger (control), P1: Adding 15% ginger juice, P2: Adding 3% lime juiceand P3: Adding 15% ginger + 3% lime solution. The variables measured were organoleptic,cholesterol, yield and Total Plate Count. The results of the research showed that the treatment hada very significant effect (P<0.01) on aroma, color, taste and tenderness, and had no effect (P>0.05)on cholesterol, Total Plate Count and yield of se'i goat meat. It was concluded that the lime juiceand ginger used could improve the aroma, taste, color and tenderness of se'i goat meat but notcholesterol.
Tujuan dari dilakukannya riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek pemeraman yang menggunakanjus jahe dan jus jeruk nipis yang berbeda pada kualitas fisik, organoleptik se’i kambing. Bahanyang digunakan antara lain Daging kambing segar, Jahe, jus jeruk nipis, dan bahan tambahan yaitugaram dapur dan saltpeter. Eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuandan 4 ulangan. yakni P0: Tanpa penambahan jeruk nipis dan jahe (kontrol), P1: Penambahanjusjahe 15%, P2: Penambahan jus jeruk nipis 3% dan P3: Penambahan dengan larutan jahe 15% +jeruk nipis 3%. Variabel yang diukur yaitu organoleptik, kolesterol, rendemen dan Total PlateCount. Hasil penelitian, perlakuan berpengaruh sangat signifikan (P<0,01) pada aroma, warna,rasa dan keempukan, tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) pada kolesterol, Total Plate Count dan rendemendaging se’i kambing. Disimpulkan, bahwa jus jeruk nipis dan jahe yang digunakan dapatmeningkatkan aroma, rasa, warna dan keempukan daging se’i kambing tetapi tidak terhadapkolesterol
Pengaruh Suplementasi Jenis Dedaunan Terfermentasi Dalam Ransum Basal terhadapPerformadanIncome over Feed CostTernak Babi Fase Grower-Finisher
Authors: Wago Clotilda Cicilia Lewa , Aryanta I Made S , Dodu Tagu
Published: July 2024

A study on pigs aimed to determine the effect of fermented leaves supplementation on performance andIncome Over Feed Costs. The material used was 12 landrace crossbreed pigs aged 4-5 months with an initialbody weight of 40-51.5kg and an average of 41.21kg (KV=16.49%). This study used a randomized blockdesign consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested were: R0: basal ration withoutfermented leaf meal (control); R1: basal ration + 5% cassava leaf meal; R2: basal ration + 5% sweet potatoleaf meal; R3: basal ration + 5% Moringa leaf meal. The parameters measured were feed consumption, bodyweight gain, ration conversion and Income Over Feed Costs. The analytical method used is analysis ofvariance and Duncan's Multiple RangeTests. The results of anova showed that the treatment had nosignificant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, weight gain, ration conversion and Income Over Feed Costs.In summary, the use of cassava leaves meal, sweet potato leaves meal and Moringa leaves meal as much as5% in basal diets does not affect feed consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion and income over feedcost.
Suatu penelitian pada ternak babi bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi jenis dedaunanterfermentasi terhadap performan dan Income Over Feed Cost. Materi yang digunakan adalah 12 ekor ternakbabi peranakan landrace yang berumur 4 - 5 bulan dengan berat badan awal 40- 51,5 kg dan rataan 41,21 kg(KV= 16,49%). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: R0: ransum basal tanpa tepung dedaunan terfermentasi (kontrol);R1: ransum basal + 5% tepung daun singkong; R2: ransum basal + 5% tepung daun ubi jalar; R3: ransumbasal + 5% tepung daun kelor. Parameter yang diukur ialah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan,konversi ransum dan Income Over Feed Cost. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis ragam dan ujijarak berganda Duncan. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata(P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan berat badan, konversi ransum dan Income Over Feed Costternak babi penelitian. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemakaian tepung daun singkong, daun ubi jalar dandaun kelor yaitu 5% tidak mempengaruhi konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum danincome over feed cost
Pemberian Silase Campuran Rumput Lapangan – Legume Clitoria Ternatea dan Konsentrat sebagai Pakan Komplit terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin, Kolesterol dan Trigliserida Darah Sapi Bali Jantan Penggemukan Pola Peternak
Authors: Laos Wildy Sesicho Carlile , Rosnah Upik Syamsia , Amalo Daud
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of hemoglobin, cholesterol, and bloodtriglycerides in the fattening pattern of male bali cattle breeders which will be affected by mixedfield grass - legume clitoria ternatea and concentrate as complete feed. The livestock used in thisstudy were 8 feeder cattle with an average body weight of 112.88 kg and an age of 1 to 1.5 years.The Latin Square Design, with 4 treatments and 4 replication periods, was the researchmethodology used. In this study there were three different treatments: P0: farmer pattern feed(control), P1: farmer pattern (60%) + Grass-Legume Silage (30%) + Concentrate (10%), P2:farmer pattern (50% ) + Grass Silage - Legumes (40%), and P3: Cropping Patterns (40%) + Grass-Legume Silage. The levels of hemoglobin, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the blood are the testvariables of the study. Analysis of variance was used to calculate the data (ANOVA). g/dlhemoglobin and mg/dl cholesterol. Based on the results of the analysis, the therapy did not have asignificant impact (P>0.05) on the blood metabolites of Bali cattle fed to gain weight. Based on theresults of this study, it can be concluded that the silage of a mixture of field grass-legume Clitoriaternatea and concentrate can be utilized up to 50% because it gets the same results on hemoglobin,cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. bali cattle fattening.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar hemoglobin, kolesterol, dan trigliseridadarah pada pola penggemukan peternak sapi bali jantan akan dipengaruhi oleh silase mixed fieldgrass - legum clitoria ternatea dan konsentrat sebagai pakan lengkap. Ternak yang digunakandalam penelitian ini adalah 8 ekor sapi bakalan dengan bobot badan rata-rata 112,88 kg dan umur1 sampai 1,5 tahun. Rancangan Bujur Sangkar Latin, dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 periode ulangan,merupakan metodologi penelitian yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga perlakuan yangberbeda: P0: pakan pola petani (kontrol), P1: pola petani (60%) + Silase Rumput-Legum (30%) +Konsentrat (10%), P2: pola petani (50% ) + Silase Rumput - Legum (40%), dan P3: Pola Tanam(40%) + Grass-Legume Silage. Kadar hemoglobin, kolesterol, dan trigliserida dalam darah adalahvariabel uji studi. Analisis varians digunakan untuk menghitung data (ANOVA). g/dl hemoglobindan mg/dl kolesterol. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, terapi tidak memberikan dampak yang berarti(P>0,05) terhadap metabolit darah sapi bali yang diberi pakan untuk menambah berat badan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa silase campuran rumput lapangan-legumClitoria ternatea dan konsentrat dapat dimanfaatkan hingga 50% karena mendapat hasil yangsama terhadap kadar hemoglobin, kolesterol, dan trigliserida.penggemukan sapi bali.
Pengaruh Berbagai Level EM4 dalam Fermentasi Kulit Ubi Kayu terhadap Konsentrasi VFA Parsial Secara In Vitro
Authors: Nggala Emilia , Lestari Gusti A.Y. , Benu Imanuel
Published: July 2024

Experiments were carried out to knowing the effect of cassava peels fermentation which different EM4levels on in vitro partial VFA concentrations and what is the best level of EM4 used in cassava peelfermentation to obtain optimal in vitro partial VFA concentrations. Experiment using technique withcoompletely randomized design, 4 treatmens 3 replications P0= 0% unfermented cassava peel, P1=cassava peel using Effective Microorganisme-4 5%, P2= cassava peel using Effective Microorganisme-410%, P3= cassava peel usinEffective Microorganisme-4 15%. The parameters studied were acetic,butyric and propionic acids. The data were analyzed using Mikrosoft Exell 2007. The concentration ofacetic acid varied between 62,38%-72,99%, the concentration of butyric acid varied between 3,09%-6,44% and the concentration of propionic acid varied between 5,04%-12,45%, further test data determinethat the fermented yam skin flour was not different take effeck in the partial VFA of acetic, butyric andpropionic acids (P<0,05). The conclusion was that cassava peel use EM4 at different levels determinedthat the partial VFA concentration.was relatyvely the same.
Eksperimen dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui efek kulit ubi kayu pada level Effektif Mikroorganisme-4yang berbeda pada konsentrasi VFA parsial secara in vitro dan berapa level terbaik dari EM4 digunakandalam fermentasi kulit ubi kayu untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi VFA parsial in vitro optimal.Eksperimen menggunakan teknik Rancangan Acak Lengkap, 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan P0= kulit ubi kayutidak difermentasi 0%, P1= kulit ubi kayu menggunakan Efektif Mikroorganisme-4 5%, P2= kulit ubikayu menggunakan Efektif Mikroorganisme-4 10%, P3= kulit ubi kayu menggunakan EfektifMikroorganisme-4 15%. Parameter yang diteliti yaitu asam asetat, butirat serta propionat dapatdianalisis data menggunakan Microsoft exell 2007. Konsentrasi asam asetat bervariasi antara 62,38%-72,99%, konsentrasi asam butirat bervariasi antara 3,09%-6,44% serta konsentrasi asam propionatberagam antara 5,04%-12,45%, hasil analisis statistik menentukan tepung kulit ubi kayu difermentasipada taraf yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata pada VFA Parsial asam asetat, butirat, serta propionat(P<0,05). Simpulan, fermentasi kulit ubi kayu menggunakan EM4 pada taraf berbeda menghasilkankonsentrasi VFA parsial relatif sama.
Status Fisiologi Sapi Bali Penggemukan yang Mendapat Suplemen Mengandung Bonggol Pisang Terfermentasi
Authors: Nani Ferdinand , Rosnah Upik Syamsiar , Abdullah Muhamad S.
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to understand the physiological status of fattening Bali cattle at the on-farm level givenfeed containing fermented banana hump. Using 9 male Bali cattle aged 2-2.5 years with a body weight of 105-148 kgx 123.83 kg and KV = 14.80%. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatmentsand 3 replications. The treatment used is P0 = Breeder pattern feed + 30% supplement without fermented bananaweevil flour. P1 = Breeder pattern feed + 10% supplement fermented banana weevil flour. P2 = Farmer's feed pattern+ 20% supplement of fermented banana weevil flour. The data obtained were analyzed using the Analysis ofVariance Test (ANOVA. The variables studied were rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate. The findingsof this study showed that the average rectal temperature (0C) PO (37.44 ± 0.137), P1 (37.70 ± o. 482), P2(37.45±0.161); respiratory frequency (Times/Minute) P0 (20.89±1.185), P1 (21.44±1.704), P2 (21.48±1.253); pulserate (times/minute) P0 (20.89 ± 2.800), P1 (21.44 ± 0.724), P2 (21.48 ± 1.665). The results of the variance test statedthat the treatment had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, pulse, fatteningBali cattle. Using the information obtained, it was decided that giving additional feed supplements 20% containingbanana hump flour gave a response comparable to treatment containing ground corn as much as 30%
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami status fisiologis penggemukan sapi bali pada tingkat on farm yangdiberikan pakan yang mengandung bonggol pisang terfermentasi. Memakai 9 ekor sapi bali jantan berusia 2-2,5tahun dengan berat badan 105-148 kg x 123,83 kg dan KV = 14,80%. Metode yang digunakan adalah RancanganAcak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah P0 = Pakan polapeternak + suplemen 30% tanpa tepung bonggol pisang yang difermentasi.P1 = Pola pakan peternak + suplemen10% tepung bonggol pisang fermentasi. P2 = Pola pakan petani + suplemen 20% tepung bonggol pisang fermentasi.Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance Test (ANOVA. Variabel yang diteliti adalah suhurektal, denyut nadi dan tingkat pernapasan. temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan rata-rata suhu rektal (0C) PO(37.44±0.137), P1 (37.70±o.482), P2 (37.45±0.161); frekuensi pernapasan (Kali/Menit) P0 (20,89±1,185), P1(21,44±1,704), P2 (21,48±1,253); denyut nadi (kali/menit) P0 (20,89±2,800), P1 (21,44±0,724), P2 (21,48±1,665).Hasil uji varian menyatakankan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap suhu rektal, frekuensipernapasan, denyut nadi, sapi Bali penggemukan. Menggunakan informasi yang didapat, diputuskan bahwapemberian tambahan pakan suplemen 20% mengandung tepung bonggol pisang memberikan respon sebandingdengan perlakuan yang mengandung jagung giling sebanyak 30%
Pengaruh Pakan Komplit Berbasis Lamtoro dan Silase Jerami Jagung dengan Imbuhan Zn Biokompleks terhadap Nutrisi Tercerna Kambing Lokal
Authors: Yansen Theresa Melania Triyani , Maranatha Grace , Amalo Daud , Yunus Marthen
Published: July 2024

Aim of this study was to determine the effect of providing full animal feed based on Leucaena leuchepala andcorn-straw silage with biocomplex Zn on digestible protein, digestible energy and total digestible nutrient(TDN) of local goat. The livestock used in this study were 4 male local goats 1-1,5 years old with bodyweight range of 19,1–21,77kg an average 20,69kg. The research used an experimental method using LatinSquare Design (LSD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 periods as replicate, while the treatments were P0:Leucaena leuchepala 100% (control), P1: Leucaena leuchepala 70% + corn-straw silage 20% + concentrate10%, P2: Leucaena leuchepala 60% + corn-straw silage 30% + concentrate 10%, P3: Leucaena leuchepala50% + corn-straw silage 40% + concentrate 10%; while biocomplex Zinc added 100mgs per treatments. Theresult of this research were obtain the mean of digestible protein (g/h/d)P0: 96.13±9.55, P1: 115.99±8.07, P2:116.48±7.57, P3: 114.87±9.90. Digestible energy (kcal/h/d) P0: 1,647.20±290.87, P1: 2,147±180.68, P2:2,162.97±174.13, P3: 2,114.35±366.46. TDN (%) P0: 63.75±2.71, P1: 68.78±0.39, P2: 69.61±2.77, P3:69.32±3.07. The analysis results show that the treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on digestiblenutrition of local male goat. In conclusion was complete feed based on Leucaena leuchepala and corn-strawsilage up to 40% and 10% of concentrate with biocomplex Zn give the same effect with Leucaena leuchepalafeeding treatment on nutrition digestible of local goat.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat efek dari pemberian pakan komplit berbasis lamtoro dansilase Jerami jagung dengan tambahan Zn biokompleks terhadap protein kasar tercerna, energi tercerna danTDN ternak kambing local jantan. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap kambing lokal jantan dengan kisaran umur1-1,5 tahun sebanyak 4 ekor dengan kisaran bobot badan 19,1–21,77kg dengan rataan 20,69kg. Pendekatansecara eksperimental digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan Rancangan Bujur Sangkar Latin (RBSL), yangterdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 periode sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah P0: lamtoro 100%(kontrol), P1: lamtoro 70% + silase jerami jagung 20% + konsentrat 10%, P2: lamtoro 60% + silase jeramijagung 30% + konsentrat 10%, P3: lamtoro 50% + silase jerami jagung 40% + konsentrat 10%; pemberianpakan imbuhan Zn biokompleks sebanyak 100mg per perlakuan. Data hasil penelitian ditabulasi dandianalisis dengan analisis ragam (Anova). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh tidaknyata (P>0,05) terhadap nutrisi tercerna ternak kambing kacang jantan.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu pemberian pakan komplit berbahan dasar lamtoro dan silase jeramijagung sampai 40% dan konsentrat 10% dengan tambahan Zn-biokompleks memberikan efek yang samadengan perlakuan pakan tunggal lamtoro terhadap nutrisi tercerna ternak kambing lokal jantan
Pengaruh Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) dalam Air Minum terhadap Kecernaan Serat Kasar dan Lemak Kasar Induk Babi Bunting
Authors: Oekoto Alfret , Suryani Ni Nengah , Sembiring Sabarta
Published: July 2024

This research aims to look at the effect of supplementation with katuk leaf solution in drinking water onconsumption, digestibility of crude fiber and crude fat of pregnant sows. The livestock used were 12 pregnantsows (second calving), with a body weight of 120-125 kg, an average of 122.5 kg and a KV of 1.46%. Acompletely randomized design with 4 groups and 3 replications was used, with the treatment T0: drinkingwater without katuk leaf solution, T1: 60 g katuk leaves in 5 ml EM-4/liter of drinking water, T2: 120 g katukleaves in 5 ml EM -4/liter of drinking water, T3: 180 g of katuk leaves in 5 ml of EM-4/liter of drinkingwater. The variables measured were consumption and digestibility of crude fiber and crude fat. The resultsshowed that katuk leaf extract 60 g, 120 g and 180 g in drinking water had no significant effect (P>0.05) onthe consumption and digestibility of crude fiber and crude fat of pregnant pigs. It was concluded thatadministration of katuk leaf extract in drinking water up to a level of 180 g/l drinking water had no effect onconsumption, and digestibility of crude fiber and crude fat of pregnant sows.
Riset ini bermaksud melihat pengaruh suplementasi larutan daun katuk dalam air minum pada konsumsi,kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar induk babi bunting. Ternak yang digunakan adalah 12 ekor babi induksedang bunting (beranak kedua), dengan bobot badan 120- 125 kg, rata-rata 122,5 kg dan KV 1,46%.Digunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, dengan perlakuannya yaitu T0: airminum tanpa larutan daun katuk, T1: 60 g daun katuk dalam 5 ml EM-4/liter air minum, T2: 120 g daun katukdalam 5 ml EM-4/liter air minum, T3: 180 g daun katuk dalam 5 ml EM-4/liter air minum. Variabel yangdiukur yaitu konsumsi dan kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan ekstrakdaun katuk 60 g, 120 g dan 180 g dalam air minum memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan (P>0,05)pada konsumsi dan kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar babi bunting. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberianekstrak daun katuk dalam air minum sampai level 180 g/l air minum memberikan pengaruh yang sama padakonsumsi, dan kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar induk babi bunting
Organisational justice and employee commitment in Nigeria banking sector
Authors: Ogunkoya Olufemi , Soremekun Oluwatobi , Hassan Banjo , Fadeyi Akeem
Published: July 2024

Despite the potential benefits of incorporating organisational justice and employee commitment into daily operations, many organisations lack a long-term strategy for doing so, making it a pressing issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse and examine organisational justice and employee commitment within the banking industry in Nigeria. The research collected primary data through the completion of 147 questionnaires out of a total of 192. The collected data underwent data testing and analysis through the application of descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and correlation coefficients with the assistance of the statistical package for the social sciences. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between organisational justice constructs and employee commitment. Results show that there is a strong and significant relationship between distributive justice and affective commitment in the Nigerian banking industry (R = 0.807, F* = 2,712.536, p < 0.05), and the regression result suggests that the independent variables (distributional justice) have a significant relationship with affective commitment. The findings highlight that organisations prioritise the implementation of fair and just procedures, encompassing both distributive and procedural justice. Results show that there is a significant positive relationship between procedural justice and continuance commitment (R = 0.874, F* = 2,122.507, p < 0.05), and it was determined that there is a linear correlation between the model’s dependent and independent variables. These findings emphasise the importance of fair and just procedures within organisations to elicit favourable responses from employees, such as commitment, positive behaviour, and increased productivity. The conclusions were drawn from the findings, and thus it is recommended that employers should recognise the significant benefits that organisational justice can bring in terms of employee trust, commitment, and overall organisational success. Practitioners can use the study’s findings and suggestions to guide the development of socialisation, involvement, training, and development systems in their own organisations
Research of the latest technologies and approaches to ensuring safety at work
Authors: Polukarov Yury , Prakhovnik Nataliia , Polukarov Oleksiy , Demchuk Hlib , Zemlyanska Olena
Published: July 2024

The implementation of appropriate measures and systems to ensure occupational safety depends not only on the economic efficiency of companies, but also on the life and health of employees, which makes this topic relevant. The purpose of the study was to assess the capabilities and effectiveness of leading technologies and new management approaches to ensuring safety at work in accordance with existing problems in the field of occupational safety. The main approaches used in the study are the statistical method, comparison, analysis, and the descriptive method. The study identified problems in the field of occupational safety in Ukraine, the main ones being a large share of undeclared labour and an inadequate system for recording accidents. Ways to ensure occupational safety are identified, which are primarily related to conducting conversations, motivating personnel, digitalisation of such safety elements as training, briefings, risk assessment, and incident management. Based on the analysis of the experience of global leading companies in ensuring occupational safety, effective practices for improving the effectiveness of the safety system have been identified, which include conversations with employees, special development and training programmes, the introduction of advanced technologies and unified safety systems. The conducted research allowed developing an occupational safety system that incorporates modern technologies and management approaches. The findings can be useful for company managers in selecting and implementing effective management measures and new technologies to ensure occupational safety
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ayah dalam Mencegah Kejadian Stunting Melalui Kelas Ayah
Authors: Aliftitah Sugesti , Oktavianisya Nelyta
Published: July 2024

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to chronic malnutrition, especially in the first 1,000 days of life. Preventing stunting in children using a family approach consists of three strategies: proper feeding, parenting patterns, and correct hygiene and sanitation practices. Father involvement in caring for toddlers can improve toddlers' health and help prevent stunting. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of father's class on increasing father's knowledge in preventing stunting. The research design is pre-experimental, one group pre-post test design. The sample in this study was 20 respondents with the sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. The independent variable is education about stunting through father's class and the dependent variable is knowledge level. The tool used to measure the level of knowledge is a questionnaire. The data was processed using the Paired Samples T Test. The research results showed that there was an increase in the average knowledge after being given treatment 75.20, and the standard deviation was 7.885. The results of pretest-posttest knowledge data analysis using the Paired Samples T Test, the p-value is 0.001 with α=0.05. Because the p-value <α means that there is an influence of father's class on father's knowledge in preventing stunting. By taking Dad's class, Dad will be involved in stunting prevention
ABSTRAK
Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita akibat kekurangan gizi kronis terutama pada  1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Pencegahan stunting pada anak dengan pendekatan keluarga terdiri dari tiga strategi yaitu pemberian makan yang tepat, pola asuh, dan praktik higiene-sanitasi yang benar. Keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan balita dapat meningkatkan kesehatan balita dan membantu mencegah stunting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelas ayah terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ayah dalam mencegah stunting. Desain penelitian adalah pra-eksperimental, one group pra-post test design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 20 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sample yang digunakan yaitu teknik purposive sampling. Variabel bebas yaitu Edukasi tentang stunting melalui Kelas Ayah dan variable terikat yaitu Tingkat Pengetahuan. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan adalah kuesioner. Data diolah dengan Uji  Paired Samples T Test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan Terjadi peningkatan pada rata-rata pengetahuan setelah diberikan perlakuan yaitu 75,20, dan standar deviasi 7,885. Hasil analisis data pretest-posttest pengetahuan menggunakan uji Paired Samples T Test,  nilai p-value yaitu 0,001 dengan α=0,05. Karena nilai p-value<α maka berarti ada pengaruh kelas ayah terhadap pengetahuan ayah dalam mencegah stunting. dengan mengikuti kelas Ayah maka ayah ikut terlibat dalam pencegahan stunting.
Unternehmensübernahmen in Europa
Authors: Schüßler Felix
Published: July 2024

European takeover law is an ongoing controversy. Today, there are fundamental reasons to discuss a reform of the Takeover Directive adopted in 2004. These include new legal facts (shareholder composition, increasing importance of passive funds, activist shareholders and proxy advisors, growth of the private equity industry), new regulation (Shareholder Rights Directive, foreign trade laws) and changes in corporate governance (shareholder activism, stakeholder value, corporate purpose). This book examines the extent to which current European takeover law is appropriate for the modern European market for corporate control.
Are antibiotics being over-prescribed for the treatment of urinary tract infections? A prospective study among pregnant refugees in Beirut, Lebanon
Authors: Al Kady C , Moussally K , Caluwaerts S , Chreif W , Dibiasi J , Soukarieh D , Farra A , Gordillo Gomez F , Lenglet AD
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION
Inappropriate use of antibiotics is widespread, and one of the main drivers for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In pregnant women with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI), studies have suggested antibiotic over-use in up to 96%; use may be particularly high in settings with limited diagnostic resources and where reliant on symptomatic approaches. In south Beirut, specifically within camps where refugees settle and living conditions are poor, MSF has been operational since 2014 as the main provider of free primary healthcare services as well as sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care. Current MSF protocols operational in this setting recommend the use of urine dipsticks for UTI screening in pregnant women, followed by empirical antibiotic treatment for those with a positive result (positive for nitrites and/or leucocytes).

METHODS
In 2021, around 6,300 (24%) of the total 26,300 antenatal care (ANC) consultations conducted had a suspected UTI, based on urine dipstick results, and all those suspected with UTI were prescribed antibiotics. A prospective study was conducted between April and July 2022, to determine if adding urine
culture, following positive urine dipstick, to the protocol would reduce the use of unnecessary antibiotics. We used descriptive statistics to describe the population and compare positive and negative urine cultures. We calculated the proportion of patients receiving appropriate or inappropriate antibiotics.

ETHICS
This study was approved by the MSF Ethics Review Board, and by the ethics committee of the Lebanese American University.

RESULTS
A total of 449 pregnant women with suspected UTI were included in this study; all received urine culture. 81 (18%) were culture-positive. Under usual practice, 368 women (82%) would have been overprescribed antibiotics, based solely on urine dipstick results. 197 (44%) of the cohort were symptomatic, and were given empirical antibiotic treatment, with cefixime administered to 42 (21%) women and fosfomycin to 155 (79%). Escherichia coli (79%) was the most common bacterial species isolated, followed by Proteus (11%). In addition, among the 81 positive cultures, 4 (5%) were found resistant to fosfomycin and 39 (48%) to cefixim

CONCLUSION
These study findings reinforce concern around potential over prescription of unnecessary antibiotics in such populations, which could contribute to a potential rise in AMR. In addition, resistance to cefixime, one of the recommended antibiotics to treat UTI’s, is relatively high in this community. In contexts where urine culture is feasible, not costly, accessible, and results rapidly available, particularly with large cohorts of patients, urine culture should be the main method used to diagnose UTI; treatment should be based on microbiology/antibiotic sensitivity results.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
None declared.
Modelling the potential impact of pneumococcal vaccination strategies in humanitarian crises
Authors: van Zandvoort K , Bobe M , Buqul A , Ismail M , Saed M , Diggle E , McGown CR , Eggo RM , Cummings R , Pell C , Mulholland EK , Satzke C , Checchi F , Flasche S
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION
Despite a likely high burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in humanitarian crises, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV’s) are rarely used in such settings. Routine immunisation is rarely feasible in crises, and there is little evidence on alternative delivery strategies for PCV. We used modelling to evaluate the effects of different vaccination strategies within humanitarian crisis settings, aiming to identify those which could quickly reduce and sustain low transmission of vaccine serotypes.

METHODS
We conducted a nested carriage and contact survey in a camp for internally displaced people (IDP) in Somaliland to parameterise a transmission model and used it to assess the potential impact and optimal age targeting of PCV campaigns. We extrapolated this model to other representative humanitarian crisis settings: an acute-phase IDP camp, a protracted crisis in a rural setting, and an urban setting with mixed IDP and host communities. For each we explored the impact and efficiency of campaigns with different target age groups and dosing strategies.

ETHICS
This study was approved by the Ethics Review Boards of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the Republic of Somaliland Ministry of Health Development.

RESULTS
We found high prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae; 37% (95% confidence interval (CI), 32-42) in all ages, and 76% (95% CI, 70-82) in children <5 years in the Somaliland IDP camp. 53% (95% CI, 45-61) of serotypes are included in the PCV13 vaccine. People had, on average, 9 (9-10) contacts per day, with high mixing rates between children and intergenerational contacts in older age groups. Our model projects that, for the Somaliland IDP camp, a single PCV campaign including children <5 years can temporarily establish substantial herd protection, averting 37% (95% credible interval (CrI) 24-48) of invasive pneumococcal disease cases in the 2 years following the campaign. Extending age eligibility to children up to 10 or 15 years old could further increase this impact by 49% (95% CrI, 39-50) and 53% (95% CrI, 40-64) respectively. Increased migration rates and close contact with unvaccinated host populations reduces the impact. These factors might require wider age targeting and more frequent repeat campaigns until routine services could be re-established.

CONCLUSION
We show that PCV campaigns could be an effective option to reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in humanitarian crises until routine immunisation can be implemented. Our results are based on modelled estimates, intervention studies are needed to evaluate their feasibility and effectiveness in real settings.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
None declared
Exploring the minimum treatment duration for mental health interventions: a retrospective analysis from a conflict affected region of northern Nigeria
Authors: Martinez Torre S , Carreño Glaría C , Sordo del Castillo L , Sagrado MJ
Published: July 2024

Exploring the minimum treatment duration for mental health interventions: a retrospective analysis from a conflict affected region of northern Nigeria
The Evaluation of Post-COVID-19 Effects on Ovarian Reserve and Menstruation in Reproductive-Aged Women in 2022: A Single-Centered Observational Study
Authors: Nazari Mohadeseh , Pajokh Mojde
Published: July 2024

Background: Despite the finite reproductive lifespan of women, the effect of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on female fertility is not widely evaluated, especially in the post-COVID recovery period. Objectives: The study aimed to detect COVID-19's long-term impact on ovarian reserve and menstruation in reproductive-aged women. Methods: One hundred and three reproductive-age women were recruited for this observational study from March to September 2022. Participants with a history of severe COVID-19 were included in the case group (n = 50), while those with non-severe or no infection were considered the control group (n = 53). The ovarian reserve was assessed using anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, and a structured questionnaire was used to evaluate menstrual cycle abnormalities. Results: We detected a significant decrease in the ovarian reserve indicator, AMH serum levels, in women with severe infection compared to controls (2.66 ± 1.95 vs. 3.38 ± 2.59 ng/L P = 0.03) in the post-COVID-19 recovery period. Characteristics related to menstrual cycle length and volume abnormalities, such as hypermenorrhea and hypomenorrhea, were similar in cases and controls (P = 0.79, P = 0.64), but the severity of dysmenorrhea was significantly higher in cases than controls (P = 0.02). Menstrual pain perception was not related to women’s marital status (r = 0.10, P = 0.27), employment (r = 0.16, P = 0.10), education (r = 0.11, P = 0.24), or AMH serum levels (r = 0.03, P = 0.74). Conclusions: This investigation sheds light on the potential long-term effects of severe COVID-19 on the ovarian reserve and menstrual cycle, which may lead to changes in female reproductive physiology. Longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the long-lasting fertility issues in women affected by severe COVID-19.
Understanding the Pathology of Major Depression in a Non-clinical Student Sample: The Role of Mental Pain, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Self-Compassion, and Anxiety
Authors: Rajabi Moslem , Mousavi Asl Esmaeil , Etemadi Mehr Hossein , Motamed Monfared Sajad , Rouhi Fatemeh , Bagian Kulehmarzi Mohammad Javad
Published: July 2024

Background: Severe psychological or mental pain is an experience of discomfort that can be associated with mental illness (such as major depression) or loss (such as the death of a child). Objectives: The aim of this study is to understand the pathology of major depression using a non-clinical student sample by assessing the roles of mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety. Methods: This cross-sectional study selected a sample (n = 300) using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Data was collected using the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Questionnaire (OMMP), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BD-II). Results: The results of the forward multiple linear regression model showed significant standardized beta coefficients for the following variables: Anxiety and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), mental pain and depression (β = 0.436, P < 0.001), maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), negative dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = 0.082, p = 0.041), adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = -0.135, P = 0.031), and positive dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = -0.078, P = 0.042). Additionally, the results indicated that 56% of the variance in depression is explained by mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that therapies focused on emotional regulation and self-compassion can effectively address emotional problems, anxiety, and depression in individuals with depression.
Janáčkův žák Josef Blatný : pedagog, skladatel a varhaník
Authors: Hřebíčková Daniela
Published: July 2024

This text describes the life of Josef Blatný (1891-1980), Brno-based composer, organist and teacher. It provides an insight into his education in composition under Leoš Janáček (1909-1912) and his work at the Brno Conservatory as an organ teacher (1928-1956). Through personal correspondence with the painter and poet Bohuslav Reynek, the personality of this composer is approached. The focus is on his membership of the Moravian Composers' Club, which performed Blatný's compositional novelties from 1922 until 1948 and where he was in contact with Janáček as its chairman. Attention is paid to Josef Blatný's compositional style and possible influences of Janáček. The text includes an overview and background information on organ compositions. There has been no specific publication on Josef Blatný yet. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the findings about this Brno composer of the last century.
Liturgické a paraliturgické zpěvní knihy v nejstarších inventářích kostelů olomoucké diecéze
Authors: Maňas Vladimír
Published: July 2024

Within the framework of research on older book culture, which currently appears to be quite robust and is being carried out from the perspective of several different research disciplines, it is possible to identify certain less-explored areas or topics. This paper examines closely oldest known book inventories of diocesan churches in Moravia with an emphasis on so-called libri cantuales, books that were used for singing during the liturgy. The scope of examined inventories remains rather modest, analysed were lists of the Olomouc cathedral from the first half of the 15th century and inventories from parish churches in Boskovice and Brno from the second half of the 15th century. With a closer look, those inventories reveal besides the usual types of liturgical books also less frequented manuscripts, which contained for instance chant repertoire for the Holy Week. Detailed study of inventories brings also important clues and impulses in the field of fragmentology.
"L'interna che tu provi pugna d'affetti" : love, virtue and other affetti in "Il voto di Jefte" by Vincenzo Benatti, Luigi Gatti and Luigi Carusio
Authors: Romagnoli Angela
Published: July 2024

The biblical subject of Jephthah lends itself very well to translating into music some strong and contrasting 'Affetti', first that between the virtue of Jephthah, who must honour the vow made to God, and the love that binds him to his daughter, destined to die. The essay focuses on an unknown score, composed in 1794 for the Mantuan academic milieu by V. Benatti and L. Gatti, based on a libretto by A. Scarpelli and an earlier score by L. Carusio. The work presents an interesting situation from a philological point of view, only hinted at, however, in the essay. The constellation of affections is complicated by the presence of added characters, such as Azael, betrothed of Seila (the Daughter), and Bersheba, Jephthah's sister. We thus have different shades of love and virtue, depending on the relationships between the characters; the score reflects well the multiple contrasts of the poetic text.
Scenography as a living transformator of the theatrical space : the 'on stage' spatialities of Giorgos Patsas and Dionisis Fotopoulos
Authors: Kanavaris Nikolas
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to outline an analysis of the work of set designers Giorgos Patsas and Dionisis Fotopoulos. Scenography is understood as the creation of space situated between the dichotomy of space/place and is semiotically analysed in relation to both the text and the actors' bodies. Through this framework, the published retrospectives of the scenographer were interpreted, and interviews with set designers/critics were conducted to discuss selected works. The liminal spatialities of the scenographic proposals of Patsas/Fotopoulos are signified through their articulation with place/dramatic text and space/performing bodies.
Scenographic contraptions : designing uncertainty and orchestrating error for the generation of participatory scenography
Authors: Penna Christina
Published: July 2024

The method of 'scenographic error' (PENNA 2017a) is used to explain how – and to what extent – a scenographer can design and use the uncertainty provoked in audiences when invited to participate or interact with design-led performance work. The article draws on the premise of the embodied human brain as a prediction machine and the understanding of participation 'as an assemblage of peoples, objects and environments' (HARPIN and NICHOLSON 2017: 12). However, the assemblage is here reframed as a 'scenographic contraption' (PENNA 2013), and the notion of 'contraption' is used as an analytical framework for understanding scenographic processes of designing and experiencing participation and relational performance. Based on qualitative data (interviews with the audience-participants and images of the work) I explain how in specific works (WS I, 2014 and Hello Stranger East Midlands, 2023; WS III, 2015) I designed a 'rich landscape of affordances' (sensu RIETVELD and KIVERSTEIN 2014) using sound, taste, voice, props, objects, materials, technologies, etc., and orchestrated error as a way to manipulate uncertainty, intervene, and in some cases violate the audiences' expectations for the stimulation of novel paths of thinking, meaning-making, and collaborating.
Radio and audiobook acting : comparative analysis of two audio productions of The Master and Margarita
Authors: Bojda Tomáš
Published: July 2024

This study analyses the differences and commonalities of acting in traditional radio production and audiobooks. Using the examples of two adaptations of Mikhail Bulgakov’s novel The Master and Margarita, a radio dramatisation directed by Jiří Horčička (1987) and an audiobook by Natália Deáková (2021), it deals with the differences between the two audio treatments, noting the ways in which the literary subject is creatively concretised through the audio medium and the relationship between the literary text and its vocal interpretation. The aim of the study is to define the specificities and name the typical practices of actor-interpretation within radio and audiobook production. Methodologically, the analysis is based on the structural semiotics of acting, as proposed by Jiří Veltruský for the context of drama acting.