bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Thalamic Glioblastoma Multiforme with Synchronous Asymptomatic Bone Metastasis- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chandrashekara Trilok Kiribagha
Published: March 2023

Bilateral Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at the thalamus is an extremely rare condition accounting for 1-2% of brain tumors. Extra-cranial metastases of GBM are rare due to the absence of lymphatics in the brain and the difficulty of tumors penetrating blood vessels. Moreover, these metastatic lesions remain asymptomatic and are often identified during autopsy. Hereby, a case of a rare presentation of bilateral thalamic GBM with synchronous asymptomatic bone metastasis to the humerus treated using Radiation therapy to both bilateral thalamic lesions and humerus bone metastasis with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide-based chemotherapy is reported.
Eat Healthy to Keep UTI’s at Bay
Authors: Malik Tripti
Published: March 2023

Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are traditionally managed by antibiotics; leads to high health costs and antibiotic resistance. Diet supplementation with alkalizing agents, cranberries, fermented foods, probiotics and vitamins not only alleviates the symptoms but also boosts the immunity against UTIs.
Arthroscopic Capsulolabral Repair for Posterior Shoulder Instability with Suture Anchors Using a Beach Chair Approach
Authors: Loh Bryan
Published: March 2023

Background: Posterior shoulder instability is a relatively rare cause of recurrent instability with its incidence at 2 to 10%. It is often associated with a posterior capsulolabral tear for which Arthroscopic repair has shown good outcome. In terms of approach, there is a lack of consensus among surgeons regarding the most optimal position to perform the Arthroscopy with earlier studies favoring the use of the Lateral Decubitus (LD) over the Beach Chair (BC) position. Aim: This study is a mini-case series describing a surgical technique using the BC position in Arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral reconstruction. The authors of this study hypothesize that the use of the BC position is adequate in Arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral reconstruction so long as the surgeon is cognizant of its limitations. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data was performed for 9 shoulders with posterior capsulolabral injury in 8 patients. At a tertiary hospital, the patients underwent an Arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral reconstruction using the BC position by a fellowship trained shoulder Orthopaedic surgeon. Patients were assessed preoperatively and prospectively followed up for two years and at 2 years postoperatively for isometric strength, range of motion (ROM), and various outcome measures. These included the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), UCLA Shoulder Score (UCLASS), and Constant Shoulder Score (CSS) and for pain assessment. Results: All the patients were male with a mean age was 25.1 (Range 20-33). 4 out of 9 (44.4%) patients suffered from a traumatic event. The mechanism of injury varied among these patients. All patients had a posterior labral tear with 7 out of 9 having concomitant capsular laxity. There was significant improvement in UCLA scores (18.4 vs 29.8) (P=0.001), Oxford Shoulder Score (37.8 vs 16.1) (P<0.001) and VAS score (3.9 vs 1.3) (P=0.017) at 2 years postoperatively. There was no significant improvement in Isometric strength, Constant Shoulder Scores and Range of motion (Abduction and Forward flexion). Conclusion: The study hypothesized that the use of the BC position is adequate in posterior capsulolabral reconstruction so long as the surgeon is familiar and comfortable with the technique. Level of evidence: 2
The Urgency of Addressing the Underdiagnosis of Autism in Females
Authors: Schaeffer Lara S
Published: March 2023

Autism is a complex condition which affects different individuals in markedly different ways. The autism spectrum is often referred to for exactly this reason, accounting for great variation in many distinct categories of symptoms of autistic people. Understanding of this broad range in how autism can present in different individuals needs to increase because, otherwise, many individuals are at risk of remaining undiagnosed. When autism is overlooked and goes undiagnosed in females, biological inevitabilities of menses and menopause, along with the possibility of pregnancy, stand to bring greater disruption to the undiagnosed individual than to the general population of females. As such, the underdiagnosis of autism in females urgently needs attention.
Preservation of the Nenets Language in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug: Based on Sociological Survey
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Saburov Aleksandr A. , Nikiforov Aleksey S. , Minchuk Oleg V.
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of a sociological study conducted in 2022 in the city of Naryan-Mar, as well as in the villages of Nelmin Nos and Krasnoe of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Based on the results of interviews with specialists and experts in the field of the Nenets language, working in education and culture, as well as in the relevant executive authorities of the Okrug, conclusions about the preservation of the Nenets language in the region were made. Particular attention is paid to the respondents’ per-ceptions of such aspects of the language situation as the use of the Nenets language by different population groups in various spheres of life, intergenerational transmission, the presence of the language in public space and on the Internet, and the motivation of the population to learn and use the language. The study resulted in recommendations for the preservation of the Nenets language in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, taking into account the linguistic situation in the region, as well as Russian and foreign practices for the preservation of small languages. The following are proposed as priority areas of work: (1) organizing systematic work to preserve and improve the status of the Nenets language in the Okrug; (2) supporting workplaces, initiatives, organizations and individuals involved in the preservation of language and culture; (3) creating an attractive language environment, especially in the digital sphere (the Internet), with a focus on primary school children; (4) supporting communities, especially reindeer herding communities and agricultural production cooperatives, where the language is used and its intergenerational transmission is maintained.
The Arctic with Chinese Characteristics
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Akimov Ramir Kh.
Published: March 2023

Year by year, the Arctic is becoming an increasingly complex geopolitical and geoeconomic epicenter of interaction and simultaneous confrontation between Arctic and non-Arctic actors in international relations. In particular, China has already “put its hands” （插手）to the Arctic region, being a non-Arctic state. Using diplomatic language, the PRC was able not only to conduct a number of scientific studies as an official observer at the Arctic Council, but also to build up economic ties with the Arctic countries over a relatively short period of time. The purpose of our study is to identify the institutional features of China’s emerging Arctic identity. The main methodological framework of the study is the analysis of regions through the prism of mega- and meso-areas (Osamu Ieda) and the concept of regional security complexes (B. Buzana and O. Vever). The author is also actively researching the main strategic document of the PRC (the White Paper on the Arctic), the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, a number of relevant international, national conventions and agreements, regulatory legal acts, international reports, statements and media materials. The author considers the identification of institutional features of the Chinese Arctic identity to be the main result of the study. The article also forecasts China’s further geostrategic course towards the Arctic region.
Wasserstoff zu Ende gedacht
Authors: Bossel Ulf
Published: March 2023

Energie- und Klimaproblem lassen sich gemeinsam mit grünem Strom und begleitenden Sparmaßnahmen relativ schnell lösen. Mit dem zeitraubenden, aufwendigen und energetisch fragwürdigen Umweg über Wasserstoff wird die drohende Klimakatastrophe jedoch kaum zu vermeiden sein. Wir müssen schnellstens umdenken, bevor die Weichen in Richtung Sackgasse gestellt sind.
„Gemeinsame Lösungen erarbeiten“
Authors: Hilkenbach Markus , Heim Heike
Published: March 2023

Profilschärfung, klares Leistungsangebot, eindeutige Erwartungshaltung: Die Kooperationsplattform Civitas Connect hat eine Strategieänderung beschlossen. Markus Hilkenbach, Vorsitzender von Civitas Connect, und Heike Heim, Vorsitzende der Geschäftsführung der Dortmunder Energie- und Wasserversorgung, nehmen im Interview mit der BWK Stellung.
Keine Angst vor Blackouts trotz elektrifizierter Mobilität
Authors: Oluwatudimu Ore
Published: March 2023

Einerseits ist die Gesellschaft dazu angehalten Strom zu sparen. Andererseits brauchen wir die Elektrifizierung, um Nachhaltigkeitsziele zu erreichen – vor allem bei der Mobilität. Strom sparen, aber mehr Bereiche elektrifizieren, ein Paradoxon? Nicht mit Smart Charging Solutions.
Dekarbonisierung ist Teamarbeit
Authors: Sümmermann Dietrich
Published: March 2023

Die letzten Monate haben es eindrücklich gezeigt: Klimaschutz ist nicht mehr von der Agenda wegzudenken und noch weniger die Notwendigkeit, den Energieverbrauch drastisch einzuschränken. Noch dazu bleibt der Energiemarkt auch im Jahr 2023 volatil und birgt – mit steigender Tendenz – Unsicherheiten und Risiken. Zeit zu handeln.
Methanemissionen wirkungsvoll reduzieren
Authors: Zabawa Alexander
Published: March 2023

In Öl- und Gasanlagen war die Kontrolle der Methanemissionen schon immer von großer Bedeutung für die Sicherheit, denn das farb- und geruchlose Gas ist leicht entzündlich und kann für das Personal gefährlich werden. Mit wachsender Sorge um die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels konzentrieren sich Staaten und Industrie auf die Verringerung der Methanemissionen, um globaler Erwärmung entgegenzuwirken.
Can infrared thermography replace other methods for evaluating the presence and intensity of neurogenic and musculoskeletal orofacial pain in adult patients? A systematic review
Authors:   Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Devito Karina , Americano Karina D  Devito
Published: March 2023

Review question / Objective: To investigate the question "Can infrared thermography replace other methods for evaluating the presence and intensity of neurogenic and musculoskeletal orofacial pain in adult patients?", the following PECO question was formulated: P – Adult patients with a history of neurogenic and musculoskeletal orofacial pain E – Subjected to infrared thermography C – Submitted to other evaluative methods of presence and intensity of orofacial pain O – Correlation of infrared thermography with other evaluation methods of presence and intensity of orofacial pain.
Expert Elicitation for Assessing Agricultural Technology Adoption: The Case of Improved Rice Varieties in South Asian Countries
Authors:   International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) International Rice Research Institute, Tsusaka Takuji , Velasco Ma. Lourdes ,   International Rice Research Institute, Yamano Takashi ,   International Rice Research Institute, Pandey Sushil ,   International Rice Research Institute
Published: March 2023

Cultivar-specific adoption information is imperative for agricultural research organizations to make strategic research plans for crop-genetic development. However, such data are often unavailable in developing countries or obsolete and unreliable even when they exist. A budget-friendly and reliable method of tracking and monitoring varietal adoptions is highly desired. In this paper, we employ expert elicitation (EE) as a method to obtain estimates of modern variety (MV) adoption of rice in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. EE is conducted by comparing information from EE assessment and household surveys. We found that organized panels of agricultural experts can provide reliable estimates of the area planted to MVs. In addition, cultivar-specific adoption estimates are reliable for dominant varieties. To some extent, EE estimates are more precise when estimates are calculated by aggregating disaggregate-level elicitations than by directly obtaining aggregate-level elicitations. Furthermore, the household surveys reveal that it takes approximately a decade for a new variety to be adopted by a significant number of farmers.
Economic Cost and Returns from Research and Development: The Case of Chili in Bangladesh
Authors:   Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Shibgonj, Bogra, Bangladesh, Hasan Md. Kamrul , Banik Bhagya Rani
Published: March 2023

The study estimated the benefit and rate of returns to investment on chili research and development (R&D) in Bangladesh. The Economic Surplus Model with ex-post analysis was used to determine the returns to investment and their distribution between production and consumption. Several discounting techniques were also used to assess the efficiency of chili research. The adoption rate showed an increasing trend over the period. The yield of modern variety, BARI-Chilli-1, developed by the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) was 72 percent higher than that of the local variety. Society received a net benefit of BDT 813.12 million (USD 10.42 million) from investment in chili R&D. The net present value and present value of research cost were estimated at BDT 289.14 million (USD 3.71 million) and BDT 78.49 million (USD 1.01 million), respectively. The internal rate of return and benefit cost ratio were estimated to be 55 percent and 5.48, respectively. This indicates that investment in chili R&D was profitable. The seed production program for BARI-Chilli-1 should be done to increase production by increasing its area of adoption.
Root and Tuber Crops: Re-Discovered and Re-Valued: A Cross-Site Perspective
Authors:   Philippine National Academy of Science International Rice Research Institute, Philippines, Castillo Gelia
Published: March 2023

Root and tuber crops (RTCs) are underground crops with only their leaves visibly acknowledging their existence to the outside world. We have always known RTCs as possessing some food value; can be grown easily in almost any type of agro-ecological setting within different types of cropping systems; can be relied upon to fill the need in times of food shortage; have some harvest-sharing and cultural significance. We also know, however, the perception of RTCs as "poor man's food," thus, not a preferred one. These are "facts of life" about RTCs in the past, so to speak. But in recent times, what functions do RTCs perform in providing livelihood and food security? Where there is an "overlap between RTC productionconsumption and poverty-food insecurity," do RTCs play a significant role in addressing the latter? The Food Security through Asian Roots and Tubers (FoodSTART) project with funding from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is being implemented by the International Potato Center since 2011 to 2015 "to promote the role of root and tuber crops in building more diverse and sustainable agri-food systems toward ensuring food security among Asia-Pacific poor producers and consumers in the face of socio-economic and agro-environmental changes."
Impact of Community-led Action Research on Production Decisions and Food Adjustment Strategies in a Grain-Producing Village in Northwest Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Anthropology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Pasa Md. Kamal , Rahman Md. Matiur ,   Regional Coordinator, Research Initiatives Bangladesh(RIB), Diaz Catalina ,   International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines, Maksurat Shejuti Nure ,   Anthropologist, Collaborative Research Project on between IRRI (Philippines) and Dept. of Anthropology, University of Rajshahi Bangladesh, Palis Florencia ,   Scientist and Agricultural Anthropologist, Social Sciences Division, IRRI, Philippines, Custodio Pam ,   College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the paper is to describe the impact of community-led action research on food security and poverty alleviation on the production decisions and food adjustment strategies of farmers in a grain-producing village in northwest Bangladesh. The study used a mixed method approach with 80 respondents for the quantitative part (survey), which are distributed equally between gono-gobeshona participants and non-participant groups, and 30 for the qualitative part (10 in-depth interviews, 4 key informant interviews, 4 focus groups, and 10 case studies). Survey responses were analyzed using SPSS software and content analysis framework was used for qualitative data. The findings show that far more households who participated in the from the gono-gobeshona make joint decisions (by both husband and wife) in various aspects of production than non-participants. Women as authority figures were higher in number among the participants than the non-participants and more households in the non-participant group considered the husband as the authority figure. Finally, the community-led action research process met sustainability features and was inclusive across social positions.
Book Review | Food Security and Food Scarcity: Why Ending Hunger Is So Hard by Charles P. Timmer
Authors:   International Food Policy Research Institute, Rosegrant Mark
Published: March 2023

Timmer provides an excellent review and synthesis of the challenges and solutions to reducing hunger and improving food security, importantly emphasizing the need to rely on markets together with government provision of public goods such as agricultural research and development (R&D) and rural roads and other infrastructure in order to generate agricultural production growth and stimulate structural transformation to make big improvements in food security. A wide range of readers will benefit from this book, first and foremost students of agriculture and economic development.
Technical Efficiency Analysis of Small-scale Cassava Farming in Lao PDR
Authors:   National Economic Research Institute, Ministry of Planning and Investment, Vientiane, Lao PDR, Soukkhamthat Thanongsai , Wong Grace ,   Center for International Forestry Research Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor Barat 16115, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This study investigates returns of scale, estimates technical efficiency, and identifies the determinant factors of the efficiency of small-scale cassava farming in Vientiane and Savannakhet provinces, Lao PDR. Cross-sectional data on inputs, output, and farming characteristics from 193 cassava farmers were collected for this study. The maximum likelihood method is employed to estimate parameters, elasticity, and inefficiency scores using the stochastic frontier production function model. This study found that the elasticity of the mean value of cassava output is estimated to be an increasing function of farm size, labor cost, and seed cost in Vientiane and Savannakhet. Increasing returns to scale was found for smallholder cassava farming in Savannakhet. The estimated mean score of technical efficiency are 72 percent and 75 percent for Vientiane and Savannakhet, respectively. The determinants of technical efficiency in Vientiane showed that planting cassava with good land preparation, suitable time period for plantation, and young farmers play a key role in the improvement of technical efficiency for cassava farming.
The Enabling Environment for Inclusive Agribusiness in Southeast Asia
Authors:   Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies, S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Teng Paul , Oliveros Jurise ,   National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Current address: Department of Political Science, University of British Columbia
Published: March 2023

Smallholder farmers constitute a sizable subset of the population in the ASEAN region and therefore are important stakeholders to consider in realizing the broader goals of inclusive development and poverty reduction. Linking them to various agriculture-related activities across the value chain paves the pathway of opportunities to expand their access to markets and build capacities. As such, determining policy and institutional conditions that enable inclusive agribusiness development as well as key barriers to their engagement would provide greater leverage for smaller agribusiness players to move up the value chain. By reviewing the extant literature on agribusiness models, we provided a survey of the inclusive agribusiness structure most prevalent in the ASEAN region. The study draws from the "Hierarchy of Enabling Needs" model and socio-organizational structure model to offer an integrated conceptual framework that maps out the environment that facilitates stronger linkages and deeper inclusion of small-scale players in the agribusiness structure. To better situate the conditions of inclusive agribusiness, the sets of enablers are further assessed across varying country contexts. The paper suggests that there is no single model that could encapsulate deeper linkages in the sector. Notwithstanding ASEAN’s fundamental diversity, the region is bound by its outward looking and market-oriented policy frameworks that serve to enable pathways and corridors toward greater inclusiveness in the agribusiness sector.
Panca Datu Partnership in Support of Inclusive Business for Coffee Development: The Case of Ngada District, Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia
Authors:   Dwijendra University, Sedana Gede , Dasi Nengah ,   Astawa Undiknas University
Published: March 2023

Coffee development has big potential as coffee is one of the globally traded commodities in the world. Arabica and Robusta are the most popular coffee varieties produced by smallholder farmers in Indonesia, including those in Flores Island, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. The produce of this island is well known in the global market as Flores coffee. Coffee farmers have poor knowledge and skills in farm management, which, along with poor postharvest practices, had contributed to low productivity and low quality of coffee beans. A project (AIP-PRISMA) has been implemented in Ngada District in Flores Island with the goal of increasing productivity and developing goodquality coffee. This study aims to describe the model business implemented in coffee development and the roles of actors involved in the business model. Ngada District was purposively selected as study site because a coffee development center exists in the island. Data were collected using focus group discussion (FGD) and documentation techniques. In this study, data collected is fully analyzed using descriptive method. The results of study pointed out that there are five main value chain actors involved in the market system. The first three are the coffee farmers' cooperative, PT. Indokom Citra Persada (coffee exporter), and the Bank of Nusa Tenggara Timur (a local government bank). Also, there are two supporting value chain actors, namely the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI, a research institution), and VECO-Indonesia (an international non-government organization or NGO). Inclusive business among the actors was based on a business model. There is a strong partnership among the five actors locally called panca datu (panca is five, and datu is element). Sustainability of inclusive business is happening because each actor plays the roles and generates an economic incentive for each.
Effects of Climate Change on the Livestock Population in Mustang District, Nepal
Authors: Koirala Ananta , Shrestha K.B.
Published: March 2023

There is strong evidence to suggest that climate change has affected and will continue to affect the occurrence, distribution, and prevalence of livestock diseases in Nepal. This study investigated how climate change has affected the livestock population in Mustang District. The outbreak of new diseases, changes in disease patterns, increase in cases of external and internal parasites, decrease in the availability of forage and fodder, and deterioration of pasture land were the major climate change effects observed. The number of livestock has decreased, resulting in declining income from livestockrelated activities of Jomsom and Kagbeni, two Village Development Committees in the Mustang District where people are seeking alternative occupations. The results revealed that some signs of climate change were experienced by rural communities in the study sites, such as an increasing number of warm days and a decreasing number of cold days. The different measures that people have adopted to lessen the impacts of climate change on the livestock population were also identified.
Price and Profitability Analysis of Major Pulses in India
Authors:   National Institute of Bank Management (NIBM), Pune, Tripathi Ashutosh Kr.
Published: March 2023

The paper examines the reasons for the low growth in pulses production at the all India level in terms of profitability of the farm business and the workings of the price policy. More precisely, it looks into the effectiveness of (price) policy instruments in helping the farmers to get sufficient income to promote investment, technology and productivity. The analysis shows that agricultural price policy which aimed at providing a remunerative and stable price environment to farmers has largely been irrelevant in case of pulses and suggests reviewing the criteria of fixing the MSP for pulses by making it sensitive to prevailing market prices.
Estrategias didácticas para el desarrollo de lectura crítica en estudiantes de básica media
Authors: Granda Uyaguari Julia Margarita , Granda Ullaguari Libia Azucena , Albarracín Granda María José , Granda Uyaguari Guicela Beatriz
Published: March 2023

El estudio realizado se ha denominado Estrategias Didácticas para el desarrollo de la lectura crítica en estudiantes de Educación Media (5°, 6° y 7° grado, más o menos de 9 a 11 años), con el propósito de realizar un análisis sistémico de diferentes artículos. , en donde se buscó determinar los tipos de estrategias didácticas que son utilizadas por los docentes y también por los estudiantes, además de los diferentes tipos de lectura crítica que pueden desarrollar los estudiantes, pudiendo finalmente determinar que al menos el 68% de los artículos muestran que los Docentes utilizan estrategias instruccionales y postinstruccionales, por otro lado, en cuanto a la lectura crítica, el 61% de los artículos indican que los estudiantes prefieren los tipos de lecturas memorísticas, siendo este tipo las que permiten obtener información relevante sobre los mensajes presentados. en los textos por parte de los autores.
Arte sin rejas La reinserción social por medio de la formación artística en los centros reclusión social en la provincia de Chimborazo específicamente en el cantón Alausí
Authors: Lucero Garcés Marco , Ríos Rivera Edwin , Herrera la Torre Pablo , Freire Quintana José Luis , Chico Ortiz Angel Patricio
Published: March 2023

El sistema penitenciario ecuatoriano enfoca la educación del sentenciado y su capacitación para el trabajo, para obtener una rehabilitación que le permita la reincorporación social, pese a aquello, en el Ecuador aproximadamente el 46% de las personas privadas de la libertad (PPL), vuelven a enfrentar conflictos con la ley. El objetivo investigativo es generar una efectiva rehabilitación en los PPL del Centro de Reclusión Social de Alausí en la provincia de Chimborazo mediante el arte y su aplicación, enfocados en dos ejes: uno, la propuesta de un programa de vinculación de los PPL por medio del Arte como herramienta de cambio y generación de oportunidades laborales; y el otro el estudio de resultados, antes, durante y después de la ejecución del programa para evidenciar el logro alcanzado real y contundente que al aplicar dentro de las políticas del sistema de rehabilitación nacional estos programas, se lograra la verdadera reinserción social.
Organización y Sistemas
Authors: Navarrete Pilacuán Martha Patricia , Trujillo Montenegro Byron Sebastián , Esparza Almeida Patricia Lizbeth , Rodríguez Yar Edison Robinson
Published: March 2023

La asignatura de Organización y Sistemas perteneciente al segundo semestre de la carrera de Tecnología Superior en Administración, tiene como finalidad lograr que el estudiante defina qué es una empresa, conozca su estructura, la tipología de empresas que puede identificar en el ambiente laboral, sus funciones y sea capaz de reconocer los principales enfoques teóricos basados en la teoría de la organización y de sistemas. Lo expuesto permitirá a la vez conseguir que el estudiante utilice herramientas necesarias para el análisis, la clasificación y selección de los procedimientos más idóneos para el diseño, rediseño y mejoramiento de estructuras organizacionales, procesos y sistemas administrativos. Una organización, es un grupo social compuesto por personas, tareas y recursos que forman una estructura sistemática donde la interacción de los diferentes recursos permite producir bienes y servicios que por un lado satisfacen las necesidades de un grupo social dentro de un entorno y por otro logran alcanzar el propósito distintivo que es su misión. Este concepto, como tal, debe ser analizado y comprendido por los estudiantes, ya que son los diferentes tipos de organizaciones las que en el futuro se convertirán en su entorno laboral.
“Cadavers with a Soul”: A Qualitative Study of Individuals Who Donate Their Body
Authors: KÜÇÜK ÖZTÜRK Gülhan , BOZKURT Özlem
Published: March 2023

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the thoughts of individuals who donate their body.
Material and Methods: This study was qualitative research conducted using the case study design. The sample was determined with the purposeful sampling method and 9 individuals who stated that they would donate their body were interviewed. The data were collected between March and April 2022 with an information form and a semi-structured interview form and analyzed with the content analysis method.
Results: The mean age of individuals was 67.11±4.10 years. Five of the participants were male and four were female. Eight out of nine people were married, all were university graduates and retired, and eight had good income level. Two main themes and five sub-themes were revealed in the research. The themes were determined to be support (contribution to health education, chain of immortality) and obstacles (pressure from family and religion, awareness, uncertainty).
Conclusion: Individuals want to donate their bodies to contribute to health education by leaving a legacy for science and think they will be immortal by offering their cadaver for science. Additionally, they feel pressure due to families and religious beliefs and think that society is ignorant about body donation and that the functionality of the body donation system is inadequate.
Can the Hydrocele Sac Dissection Technique Affect the Surgical and Cosmetic Satisfaction Results of Conventional Hydrocelectomy?
Authors: ÖZBAY Engin , SALAR Remzi
Published: March 2023

Aim: In this study, we applied the classical technique and modified open pull-through procedure (OPtP) for hydrocele sac dissection in excisional Winkelmann hydrocelectomy procedure (WHP) to retrospectively compare the surgical and cosmetic satisfaction results of the two techniques. Material and Methods: Sixty-two patients underwent excisional WHP from 2017 to 2020. The modified OPtP and classical technique groups included 30 and 32 patients, respectively. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters of the patients in both groups were evaluated statistically until the postoperative second month. Cosmetic satisfaction was evaluated statistically at the postoperative sixth month. Results: Postoperative infection and recurrence were not observed in either group. The patients in both groups had large hydrocele sacs. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the hydrocele sac volume, operation time, length of hospitalization, postoperative scrotal edema, and postoperative scrotal pain scores (p>0.05). The postoperative hematoma rate was 15.6% in the classical technique group. The statistical difference in incision length and cosmetic satisfaction was significant in favor of the modified OPtP group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Excisional WHP was determined to be safe in the treatment of large hydroceles. In the modified OPtP group, shorter scrotal incision length and low risk of postoperative scrotal hematoma were achieved, and cosmetic satisfaction was also increased.
Relationship between Arterial Stiffness and CHA2DS2-VASc Score in AF-related Stroke Patients
Authors: AKKAYA Fatih , HOŞOĞLU Yusuf , İNÇ Mustafa , ALTUNAYOGLU CAKMAK Vildan , KIRIŞ Abdulkadir
Published: March 2023

Aim: Arterial stiffness is related with both atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke. The CHA2DS2-VASc score is used to assess stroke risk in patients with AF. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between arterial stiffness and CHA2DS2-VASc score in AF-related stroke patients. Material and Methods: Thirty stroke patients with paroxysmal AF participated in this research. Calculations of the patients' pre-stroke CHA2DS2-VASc scores were made. The SphygmoCor device was used to assess the Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (cfPWV), which served as a surrogate for arterial stiffness. It was determined whether or not there was a statistical connection between the CHA2DS2-VASc score and arterial stiffness. Results: The patients were seperated into groups based on their CHA2DS2-VASc scores prior to the stroke (group 1: score=0-1, group 2: score=≥2). The two groups' characteristics were comparable, except for age, BMI and systolic blood pressure. Patients with high CHA2DS2-VASc scores (group 2) demonstrated significantly greater cfPWV values than those with low scores (group 1). The CHA2DS2-VASc score and the cfPWV revealed a favourable association in the correlation study. Conclusion: The CHA2DS2-VASc score and cfPWV were substantially and linearly associated. Calculation of CHA2DS2-VASc and monitoring of arterial stiffness in stroke-prone individuals may be stimulus for taking preventive measures from stroke in these patients.
MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Treated with Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolius): Evaluation by Annexin V and AgNOR Staining
Authors: GÜMÜŞSOY Hacı Reşat , NİSARİ Mustafa , NİSARİ Mehtap , UÇAR Sümeyye , KOCA Fatih Mehmet , İNANÇ Neriman
Published: March 2023

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to examine the time and dose dependent effects of Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) on MDA-MB-231 cell lines.
Material and Methods: MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was used in the study. MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to ginseng at 37°C and 5% CO2 for varying durations (24 and 48 hours) and doses (1 and 2 μg/ml ginseng). At the end of the incubation period, viability, apoptosis, cell cycle and Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR) protein status of MDA-MB-231 cells were examined in the Muse Cell Analyzer.
Results: It was observed that the dose inducing apoptosis was 1 μg/ml ginseng for 24 and 48 hours, and 2 μg/ml ginseng for 48 hours in the group that stopped the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. When comparing the two groups; while no difference was determined between the control and 1 µg/ml ginseng groups, the significant differences were detected between the control and 2 µg/ml ginseng groups for mean AgNOR number in 48 hours incubation. However, there was no significant difference for the TAA/NA ratio, in the groups for 48 hours.
Conclusion: The current study showed that ginseng had a crucial function against cancer development. Also, both AgNOR values might be used as biomarkers for detection of the most reliable therapeutic dose selection for cancer and it has been shown that correct consumption of Ginseng can be effective in preventing cancer formation and slowing its progression.
Changes in the Anterior Segment and Dry Eye Parameters of People Using Oral Tetracycline
Authors: ESKİ Mehmet Tahir , TEBERİK Kuddusi , SEZER Taha
Published: March 2023

Aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of anti-inflammatory efficiency of tetracycline on dry eye and anterior segment parameters.
Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 61 people who had been using tetracycline for the past 2 months. Each participant went through a detailed ophthalmological examination where intraocular pressure (IOP), central cornea thickness (CCT), K1 and K2 from keratometry measurements, anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AXL), tear breakup time test (BUT), lissamin green staining (LG), Schirmer’s tear test-1 (ST) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score were evaluated. Measurements of the patients who would be using a daily dose of 100 mg doxycycline for 2 months were done prior to the medication as well as 1 month and 2 months after the medication. 3 data sets of the participants were compared at the end of 2 months.
Results: When results were compared, it was found that ST and LG parameters gradually increased in the first and second months and this increase was statistically significant (p<0.001 and p=0.018, respectively). On the other hand, BUT and OSDI scores decreased over time but it was not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of other parameters either (p>0.05). When female and male participants were compared in terms of BUT, it was found that the decrease in females at the second month was higher and this was statistically significant (p=0.01).
Conclusion: t was concluded that the young individuals using tetracycline displayed an early stage of improvement in dry eye parameters.
Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI Evaluation of Patellar Position According to the Physeal Line in Pediatric Patients
Authors: DEMİRÖZ TAŞOLAR Sevgi , SAĞLAM Dilek
Published: March 2023

Aim: Abnormal positioning of the patella, of which the superior position is defined as patella alta (PA), whereas the inferior position is defined as patella baja (PB). Most of the measurements of patellar position evaluations are time-consuming. In this study, we aimed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of visual evaluation of the patellar position according to the physeal line and to determine the inter- and intraobserver agreement of this evaluation in MRI examinations.
Material and Methods: Knee MRI examinations performed between 2019-2021 with different knee symptoms and prediagnoses were retrospectively analyzed in this study. As a reference test, Insall-Salvati Ratio was calculated by the following formula: Tendon length/patellar length. Two visual evaluation methods were used; physis line to the patella (PLP) and physis line to patellar joint cartilage (PLC).
Results: Three hundred and sixty consecutive children aged 60-215 months were included in the study. There was excellent an agreement of both intra- and interobserver on PLP and PLC for two observers (κ > 0.800, for all). When we evaluated intra- and interobserver agreements according to groups, almost perfect agreements were detected (κ > 0.750, for all). Diagnostic accuracy for both two observers on the visual evaluation of PLP was almost perfect (Sensitivity 95.5%, specificity 87.2% for observer 1, and Sensitivity 94.7%, specificity 87.2% for observer 2), and on the PLC evaluation was also good (Sensitivity 89.3%, specificity 82.9% for observer 1, and Sensitivity 88.1%, specificity 85.5% for observer 2).
Conclusion: Even though direct radiography is used in the diagnosis of PA and PB, it has been shown that MRI can also be used in pediatric patients in daily practice. Instead of the time-consuming measurements used in MRI, it may be kept in mind to use these methods in our study for practical and accurate diagnosis.
Havacılık Sektör İşletmelerinde İş Etiğinin Örgütsel Davranış Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ESİN Murat
Published: March 2023

Ülkemizde iş etiği konusuna verilen önem son yıllarda artmaktadır. Çeşitli alanlarda üretim yapan ve hizmet veren pekçok şirket daha fazla mal satabilmek için doğruluk ve dürüstlük ilkesini benimsemektedir. Gittikçe bilinçleşen tüketiciler de, sağlıklı, dürüst üretim yapan şirketlerin ürünlerini tercih etmektedir. Ülkemizde tüketici hakları son yıllarda hızla gelişmektedir. Ülkemizde iş etiğine yönelik çalışmalar da yeni ve sayıca azdır. Bu konuda durumu değerlendirme olanağı sağlayacak tanımlayıcı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Özellikle iş etiği kurallarının kurumsallaştırılmasında önemli bir role sahip yöneticilerin, ahlaki davranışları üzerindeki çalışmalar ve sonuçlarının uygulamaya geçirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışma bu konudaki eksikliği gidermek üzere planlanmıştır. Geniş bir literatür taraması ile konuya açıklık getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada havayolu çalışanlarının (yönetici pozisyonunda) iş etiği ile ilgili davranışlarına yönelik anket çalışması uygulanmış, frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, havacılık sektör yöneticilerinin iş etiğine olumlu yaklaştıkları ve iş etiğini dikkate aldıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of Scale for Residents' Perception and Support about the Impact of Sports Tourism on the Community
Authors: ERKAN Mert , KOÇAK Osman Göktuğ
Published: March 2023

In this research, it is aimed to adapt the “Regional Perception and Support Scale for the Impact of Sports Tourism on Society” to the Turkish language and culture. The measurement tool provides the opportunity to segment the “Sports Tourism” for those who provide services in the sports and tourism industry, the audience or the individuals who participate in a sports organization as a participant, what kind of effects the organization has on the destination and how much the people of the region support sports tourism. The research universe is Ankara. It consists of a total of 341 people selected by convenience sampling method in the provinces of Eskişehir and İzmir. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test the structure of the scale. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the values of the scale were above the values given for compliance in the literature and were in a positive harmony. At the same time, the construct validity of the scale was tested. The Cronbach Alpha (0.874) internal consistency coefficient for the reliability of the scale, which consists of 6 dimensions and 22 questions, is above the values specified in the literature. According to the findings, it has been determined that the “Regional Perception and Support Scale for the Impact of Sports Tourism on the Society” is a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Sporcularda Bilinçli Farkındalık ve Zihnin İstemli-İstemsiz Gezinme Durumlarının Akış Deneyimine Etkisi
Authors: ŞAKAR Murat , METİN Sabrican
Published: March 2023

Sporcuların, mevcut anda kalmaları performansları açısından çok önemlidir. Doğru planlanmış bilinçli farkındalık uygulamaları sayesinde katılımcılar dikkat dağıtıcı unsurlardan uzaklaşıp ve şimdiki anın farkında olabilir. Şimdiki anın farkında olmak da zihin dağınıklığını ortadan kaldırabilir. Zihin dağınıklığına yol açan en büyük sebeplerden bir tanesi de zihin gezinmesidir. Gezinen bir zihin, odağı mevcut andan alıp geçmişteki anılara veya gelecekteki hayallere götürebilir. Bu durumun ortaya çıkmasıyla da akış deneyimi kaybolabilir. Bu çalışmada bilinçli farkındalık düzeyinin, akış deneyimiyle ilişkisini ortaya koymak ve zihin gezinmesinin bu ilişkide bir aracı rolünün olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma, spor bilimleri alanında üniversite eğitimine devam eden bir grup lisanslı sporcu üzerine yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilenler sonucunda, bilinçli farkındalık ile akış deneyimi arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki ortaya çıkmıştır. Bilinçli farkındalık ve akış deneyimi arasında istemli zihin gezinmesinin aracı rol oynadığı tespit edilmiş, ancak istemsiz zihin gezinmesinin herhangi bir aracılık rolünün olmadığı görülmüştür. İstemli zihin gezinmesi bilinçli farkındalık ile akış deneyimi arasındaki pozitif etkiyi büyük oranda düşürmektedir. Ayrıca bilinçli farkındalık ile istemli zihin gezinmesi ve istemsiz zihin gezinmesi arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bilinçli farkındalık arttıkça zihin gezinmesi azalmaktadır. Akış deneyiminde, istemsiz zihin gezinmesinin herhangi bir etkisi yokken, istemli zihin gezinmesinin ise manidar düzeyde azaltıcı bir etkisi vardır.
Wat kan er nog geschreven worden? Ontelbare identiteiten, racisme en microrevoluties
Authors: Kostet Imane
Published: March 2023

Boekbespreking van Mijn ontelbare identiteiten van Sinan Çankaya
Astrometric Calibration of the Beijing–Arizona Sky Survey
Authors: Peng Xiyan , Qi Zhaoxiang , Zhang Tianmeng , Wu Zhenyu , Zhou Zhimin , Nie Jundan , Zou Hu , Fan Xiaohui , Jiang Linhua , McGreer Ian , Yang Jinyi , Dey Arjun , Ma Jun , Wang Jiali , Schlegel David , Zhou Xu
Published: March 2023

We present the astrometric calibration of the Beijing–Arizona Sky Survey (BASS). The BASS astrometry was tied to the International Celestial Reference Frame via the Gaia Data Release 2 reference catalog. For effects that were stable throughout the BASS observations, including differential chromatic refraction and the low charge transfer efficiency of the CCD, we corrected for these effects at the raw image coordinates. Fourth-order polynomial intermediate longitudinal and latitudinal corrections were used to remove optical distortions. The comparison with the Gaia catalog shows that the systematic errors, depending on color or magnitude, are less than 2 milliarcseconds (mas). The position systematic error is estimated to be about −0.01 ± 0.7 mas in the region between 30° and 60° of decl. and up to −0.07 ± 0.9 mas in the region north of decl. 60°.
Toward Horizon-scale Accretion onto Supermassive Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Guo 郭 Minghao 明浩 , Stone James M. , Kim Chang-Goo , Quataert Eliot
Published: March 2023

We present high-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the fueling of supermassive black holes in elliptical galaxies from a turbulent medium on galactic scales, taking M87* as a typical case. The simulations use a new GPU-accelerated version of the Athena++ AMR code, and they span more than six orders of magnitude in radius, reaching scales similar to that of the black hole horizon. The key physical ingredients are radiative cooling and a phenomenological heating model. We find that the accretion flow takes the form of multiphase gas at radii less than about a kpc. The cold gas accretion includes two dynamically distinct stages: the typical disk stage in which the cold gas resides in a rotationally supported disk, and relatively rare chaotic stages (≲10% of the time) in which the cold gas inflows via chaotic streams. Though cold gas accretion dominates the time-averaged accretion rate at intermediate radii, accretion at the smallest radii is dominated by hot virialized gas at most times. The accretion rate scales with radius as

M

̇

∝

r

1

/

2

when hot gas dominates, and we obtain

M

̇

≃

10

−
4

–

10

−
3

M

⊙

yr

−
1

near the event horizon, similar to what is inferred from EHT observations. The orientation of the cold gas disk can differ significantly on different spatial scales. We propose a subgrid model for accretion in lower-resolution simulations in which the hot gas accretion rate is suppressed relative to the Bondi rate by

∼

(

r

g

/

r

Bondi

)

1

/

2

. Our results can also provide more realistic initial conditions for simulations of black hole accretion at the event horizon scale.