bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of organizational management and economic solutions in the management of the organization's operational activities using the method of functional cost analysis
Authors: Ustyugova I. E. , Vorontsova J. N. , Krivenda A. O. , Chernikov V. V. , Karpovich M. A.
Published: September 2021

Trends in the global economy require a revision of current approaches to resource conservation management, the use of new methods to improve the efficiency of socio-economic systems, and integrated organizational design. The purpose, objectives and principles of functional cost analysis are disclosed. Its place and importance in the production management system and for improving economic calculations are shown. Attention is paid to the development of methodological and guidance materials for the organization and conduct of functional and cost analysis. An attempt is made to show its broad capabilities as a tool for improving enterprise management. Recommendations of an applied nature were developed, which specialists could use in practical work when implementing functional and cost analysis. The FSA method is implemented in various industries, regardless of their characteristics: industry, agriculture, transport, trade, service, tourism, as well as at various stages of production according to the technological process. The article sets and solves the following tasks: the theoretical aspects of the development of management decisions based on the results of the analysis of the company's functional strategies using the functional cost analysis method are considered; the concept and classification of methods of developing and making management decisions are revealed; the essence, purpose, features, application of the functional cost analysis method are revealed; organizational and methodological aspects of the application of the functional cost analysis method are revealed.; The author develops and presents the procedure for selecting management decisions from alternative options in the management of operational (production) activities of the Municipal Unitary Enterprise Shkolny Kombinat. The development of a management solution is one of the most important management processes, on the effectiveness of which the success of the entire organization largely depends. A professional manager must possess modern technologies for the development, adoption, and implementation of management decisions, without which effective management of an organization in a difficult economic environment is almost impossible
Financial competence of the field of social insurance: formation features
Authors: Stepanova M. N.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the rationale for the importance of financial competence in compulsory social insurance for insured persons. It highlights the features of the formation and manifestation of financial competence. The author came to the conclusion that the financial competence of the insured person is expressed in the ability to use the opportunities for insurance coverage so that they meet the imperative social guarantees and the interests of the household. The insured must be able to use other methods of managing social risks. Special attention is paid to the formation of financial knowledge in the field of social insurance. The main role in preparing the population for insurance relations is played by non-formal and informal education. However, citizens are passive. The state, policyholders and insurers are not interested in comprehensive training of insured persons. Financial literacy programs include pension insurance. They do not take into account other types of social insurance. The availability of financial and legal knowledge on social insurance can influence the preservation of the financial well-being of citizens. It ensures the achievement of state social goals. Therefore, the question is raised about the need to include in the strategy of improving the financial literacy of the population of the Russian Federation.
Self-Organized Criticality of Traffic Flow: There is Nothing Sweet about the Sweet Spot
Authors: Laval Jorge
Published: September 2021

This paper shows that the kinematic wave model exhibits self-organized criticality when initialized with random initial conditions around the critical density. A direct consequence is that conventional traffic management strategies seeking to maximize the flow may be detrimental as they make the system more unpredictable and more prone to collapse. Other implications for traffic flow in the capacity state are discussed, such as: \item jam sizes obey a power-law distribution with exponents 1/2, implying that both its mean and variance diverge to infinity, and therefore traditional statistical methods fail for prediction and control, \item the tendency to be at the critical state is an intrinsic property of traffic flow driven by our desire to travel at the maximum possible speed, \item traffic flow in the critical region is chaotic in that it is highly sensitive to initial conditions, \item aggregate measures of performance are proportional to the area under a Brownian excursion, and therefore are given by different scalings of the Airy distribution, \item traffic in the time-space diagram forms self-affine fractals where the basic unit is a triangle, in the shape of the fundamental diagram, containing 3 traffic states: voids, capacity and jams. This fractal nature of traffic flow calls for analysis methods currently not used in our field.
Effect of Basicity and Al2O3 on Viscosity of Blast Furnace Slag and Thermodynamic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jian , Liu Zhengjian , Zhang Jianliang , Wang Cui , Ma Hengbao , Li Haokun , Fan Jianjun
Published: September 2021

With the increased use of laterite nickel ore, the impact of high Al2O3 slag on blast furnace smelting has gradually increased. In this paper, the effects of slag basicity and Al2O3 content on slag viscosity and enthalpy change under constant temperature conditions was investigated. The changes in slag structure were analyzed by activation energy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The relationship between slag components and slag temperature and viscosity when slag heat is reduced was investigated. The results showed that the viscosity first slightly decreased and then significantly increased with increasing basicity at constant temperature. With the addition of Al2O3 content, the viscosity of the slag increases. The activation energy increases with increasing slag basicity and Al2O3. With increasing basicity, the [SiO4]4- tetrahedral unit trough depth becomes shallow, the [AlO4]5- asymmetric stretching band migrates to lower wave numbers, and the slag structure depolymerizes. With the increase of Al2O3 content, the trough of [SiO4]4- tetrahedra deepens and the center of the symmetric stretching band moves to a higher wave number. The [AlO4]5- asymmetric stretching band becomes obvious, indicating the complexity of the slag structure. When the heat decreases, the slag temperature increases as the basicity increases, and the slag thermal stability is better at the basicity of 0.95-1.05. As the Al2O3 content increases, the thermal stability of the slag becomes worse.
Materials Informatics for Mechanical Deformation: A Review of Applications and Challenges
Authors: Frydrych Karol , Karimi Kamran , Pecelerowicz Michal , Alvarez Rene , Dominguez-Gutiérrez Francesco Javier , Rovaris Fabrizio , Papanikolaou S.
Published: September 2021

In the design and development of novel materials that have excellent mechanical properties, classification and regression methods have been diversely used across mechanical deformation simulations or experiments. The use of materials informatics methods on large data that originate in experiments or/and multiscale modeling simulations may accelerate materials discovery or develop new understanding of materials’ behavior. In this fast-growing field, we focus on reviewing advances at the intersection of data science with mechanical deformation simulations and experiments, with a particular focus on studies of metals and alloys. We discuss examples of applications, as well as identify challenges and prospects.
Modified Fourier transform and its properties
Authors: Khan Dawood , Rehman Abdul , Iqbal Saleem , Ahmed Ali , Jafar Sana , Baloch Maria
Published: September 2021

In this manuscript we recommend a new description of the modified Fourier transform for a function which is absolutely integrable, having finite number of maxima and minima and finite number of discontinuities which further takes the form of simple Fourier transform for substituting α = e where α > 0 and α ≠ 1. Moreover we prove various results of the modified Fourier transform and also we show that the set that consists of whole modified Fourier transformable functions under the convolution operation is a commutative semi group as well as form an abelian group under the operation of addition
On the construction of a family of anomalous-diffusion Fokker–Planck−Kolmogorov’s equations based on the Sharma–Taneja–Mittal entropy functional
Authors: Kolesnichenko Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: September 2021

A logical scheme for constructing thermodynamics of anomalous stochastic systems based on the nonextensive two-parameter (κ, ς) -entropy of Sharma–Taneja–Mittal (SHTM) is considered. Thermodynamics within the framework (2 - q) -statistics of Tsallis was constructed, which belongs to the STM family of statistics. The approach of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics to the construction of a family of nonlinear equations of Fokker−Planck−Kolmogorov (FPK), is used, correlated with the entropy of the STM, in which the stationary solution of the diffusion equation coincides with the corresponding generalized Gibbs distribution obtained from the extremality (κ, ς) - entropy condition of a non-additive stochastic system. Taking into account the convexity property of the Bregman divergence, it was shown that the principle of maximum equilibrium entropy is valid for (κ, ς) - systems, and also was proved the H - theorem determining the direction of the time evolution of the non-equilibrium state of the system. This result is extended also to non-equilibrium systems that evolve to a stationary state in accordance with the nonlinear FPK equation. The method of the ansatz- approach for solving non-stationary FPK equations is considered, which allows us to find the time dependence of the probability density distribution function for non-equilibrium anomalous systems. Received diffusive equations FPК can be used, in particular, at the analysis of diffusion of every possible epidemics and pandemics. The obtained diffusion equations of the FPK can be used, in particular, in the analysis of the spread of various epidemics and pandemics.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 04.09.2021 г. по 10.09.2021 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Сафронов Валентин , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: September 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 04.09.2021 г. по 10.09.2021 г.
Nanoscale self-organisation in Mott insulators: a richness in disguise
Authors: Ronchi Andrea , Franceschini Paolo , De Poli Andrea , Homm Pia , Fitzpatrick Ann , Maccherozzi Francesco , Ferrini Gabriele , Banfi Francesco , Dhesi Sarnjeet , Menghini Mariela , Fabrizio Michele , Locquet Jean-Pierre , Giannetti Claudio
Published: September 2021

Mott transitions in real materials are first order and almost always associated with lattice distortions, both features promoting the emergence of nanotextured phases.
This nanoscale self-organization creates spatially inhomogeneous regions, which can host and protect transient non-thermal electronic and lattice states triggered by light excitation. However, to gain full control of the Mott transition for potential applications in the field of ultrafast switching and neuromorphic computing it is necessary to develop novel spatial and temporal multiscale experimental probes as well as theoretical approaches able to distill the complex microscopic physics into a coarse-grained modelling.

Here, we combine time-resolved X-ray microscopy, which snaps phase transformations on picosecond timescales with nanometric resolution, with a Landau-Ginzburg functional approach for calculating the strain and electronic real-space configurations. We investigate V2O3, the archetypal Mott insulator in which nanoscale self-organization already exists in the low-temperature monoclinic phase and strongly affects the transition towards the high-temperature corundum metallic phase. Our joint experimental-theoretical approach uncovers a remarkable out-of-equilibrium phenomenon: the photoinduced stabilisation of the long sought monoclinic metal phase, which is absent at equilibrium and in homogeneous materials, but emerges as a metastable state solely when light excitation is combined with the underlying nanotexture of the monoclinic lattice. Our results provide full comprehension of the nanotexture dynamics across the insulator-to-metal transition, which can be readily extended to many families of Mott insulating materials. The combination of ultrafast light excitation and spatial nanotexture turns out to be key to develop novel control protocols in correlated quantum materials.
Prostate cancer urinary Extracellular Vesicles are enriched in cytoplasmic intron-free mRNAs and circular/long noncoding RNAs with functional significance
Authors: Almeida anna , Gabriel Marc , Firlej Virginie , Martin-Jaular Lorena , Lejars Matthieu , Cippola Rocco , Vogt Nicolas , Destouches Damien , Vacherot Francis , Taille Alexandre De la , Théry Clotilde , Morillon Antonin
Published: September 2021

Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs modulate gene expression alongside presenting unexpected source of neoantigens. Despite their immense interest, their ability to be transferred and control adjacent cells is unknown. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) offer a protective environment for nucleic acids, with pro and anti-tumorigenic functions by controlling the immune response. In contrast to extracellular non-vesicular RNA, few studies have addressed the full RNA content within human fluids’ EVs and none have compared them with their tissue of origin. Here, we performed Total RNA-Sequencing on 6 Formaldehyde-Fixed-Parafilm-Embedded (FFPE) prostate cancer (PCa) tumor tissues and their paired urinary (u)EVs to provide the first whole transcriptome comparison from the same patients. UEVs contain simplified transcriptome with intron-free cytoplasmic transcripts and specific lnc/circular (circ)RNAs, strikingly common to all patients. Our full cellular and EVs transcriptome comparison within 3 common PCa cell lines identified a set of overlapping 14 uEV-circRNAs characterized as essential for prostate cell proliferation in vitro and 15 uEV-lncRNAs that we predicted to encode 768 high-affinity neoantigens. Our dual analysis of EVs-lnc/circRNAs both in urines’ and in vitro’s EVs provides a fundamental resource for future uEV-lnc/circRNAs phenotypic characterization involved in PCa.
Augmentation Characteristics and Microbial Community Dynamics of Low temperature Resistant Composite Strains LTF-27
Authors: Zheng Guoxiang , Boboua Stopira Yannick Benz , Zhou Chenyang , Li Jiachen , Bi Weishuai , Wang Ruxian , Chen Shengnan
Published: September 2021

Biogas production in the cold regions of China is hindered by low temperatures, which led to slow lignocellulose biotransformation. Cold-adapted lignocellulose degrading microbial complex community LTF-27 was used to investigate the influence of hydrolysis on biogas production. After 5 days of hydrolysis at 15 ± 1°C, the hydrolysis conversion rate of the straw went up to 22.64%, and the concentration of acetic acid rose to 2,596.56 mg/L. The methane production rates of TS inoculated by LTF-27 reached 204.72 ml/g, which was higher than the biogas (161.34 ml/g), and the CK (121.19 ml/g), the methane production rate of VS increased by 26.88% and 68.92%, respectively. Parabacteroides, Lysinibacillus, and Citrobacter were the main organisms that were responsible for hydrolysis. While numerous other bacteria genera in the gas-producing phase, Macellibacteroides were the most commonly occurring one. Methanosarcina and Methanobacteriaceae contributed 86.25% and 11.80% of the total Archaea abundance during this phase. This study proves the psychrotrophic LTF-27's applicability in hydrolysis and biomass gas production in low temperatures.
Chelonia mydas fibropapillomatosis in Baie Blanche, Tintamarre Island Saint Martin (FWI), an environmental sciences and veterinary cross-analysis
Authors: SALADIN Claire
Published: September 2021

Chelonia mydas’s fibropapillomatosis is a panzootic neoplastic disease that has been affecting the species since 1930’s, starting in Key West Florida USA. Most likely induced by the Chelonian HerpesVirus 5 (ChHV5), fibropapillomatosis has been recorded as affecting all species of marine turtles, provoking the growth of malignant external and internal round shaped tumors to marine turtles, that share numerous genomic similarities with human cancers. This research focuses on the two pristine bays of Tintamarre island in Saint Martin (French West Indies), Baie Blanche and Lagon, where the early stage of fibropapillomatosis has been observed affecting juvenile Chelonia mydas resident of Tintamarre. The results obtained when cross-analyzing the environmental monitoring and studies performed of Tintamarre island and a veterinary health assessment of Chelonia mydas juvenile and sub-adult marine turtles of Baie Blanche, bring a different perspective to the environmental pressures that may be responsible of the expression of the disease in Chelonia mydas. Macro-algae and Cadmium (Cd) contamination of marine turtles habitat and foraging grounds are environmental parameters that are found as possibly inducing fibropapillomatosis clinical expression in Tintamarre in this research, concurring with previous publications findings. Tintamarre island in Saint Martin (FWI) is a key site to study pertaining to marine turtle fibropapillomatosis.
Polyamide-6 surface cracked forms nanofibers: A novel way for increasing the surface roughness, and porosity
Authors: Aghayari Sedigheh
Published: September 2021

Here away used to reduce the porosity of the nanofibers, which is removing PVA nanofibers from PVA/PA6 nanofibers by water treatment. Measuring the porosity of the electrospun web before and after treatment by the BET method proved this. The specific surface area of the web was 60 % reduced after water treatment. Surface roughness and pore volume have reduced after water treatment. Also, I introduced BET as the method for measuring the diameters of mesopores (or lower than 100nm). I used BET to prove that the cracks can make mesopores on the nanofibers.
Assesment of the quality of information patients on treatment of keratoconus on YouTube
Authors: yaprak asli cetinkaya , Pota Çisil Erkan
Published: September 2021

Purpose

To evaluate the reliability, quality and effectiveness of YouTube videos adressing treatment of keratoconus.
Methods

This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and register-based study. A YouTube search was performed using the keyword treatment of keratoconus and the first 100 videos that came out were included in the study. The numbers of views, likes, dislikes, comments, daily viewing rate (number of views per day), uploaded source (physicians, public or private institution, health channel or patients), country of origin, video type (patient experience, scholarly information), and describe treatment technique (contact lens, corneal crosslinking, intrastromal corneal ring, topography guided-photorefractive keratectomy, keratoplasty) were evaluated for all videos. They were also evaluated regarding their DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), global quality (GQS) and usefulness scores by two independent ophthalmologists.
Results

Of the top 100 videos, 83 videos met the criteria. The mean DISCERN, JAMA, GQS and usefulness score were 42.92 ± 18.14, 2.7 ± 0.73,3.07 ± 1.25 and 2.99 ± 1.44, respectively. Of the 83 videos, 35(42.2%) had been uploaded by physicians, 19(22.9%) by patients, 15(18.1%) by health channel and 14(16.9%) by institutions/private health institutions. In the correlation analysis, the four scoring systems showed a statistically significant and strong positive correlation with each other (p < 0.001). In addition, viewing rate DISCERN, GQS, usefulness scores, number of likes, dislikes and comments showed a statistically significant positive correlation.
Conclusion

The content of YouTube videos regarding treatment of keratoconus is of generally good quality and is educational for patients. Increasing the number of videos uploaded by healthcare professionals will increase the quality, reliability and informative features of the videos.
Outdoor Characterization of a Plasmonic Luminescent Solar Concentrator
Authors: Chandra subhash , Sethi Arunima , Ortega Anita , McCormack Sarah
Published: September 2021

Plasmonic Luminescent Solar Concentrators (PLSCs) have been shown to enhance the optical performance and power conversion efficiency of LSCs, due to added plasmonic gain in the medium. Despite the promising outlook of a PLSC through plasmonic coupling, device characterization and performance has not been verified in the real outdoor conditions, with varying direct and diffuse solar irradiation. In this work, characterization of a PLSC device of dimensions 4.5×4.5×0.3 cm 3 embedded with Lumogen Red305 dye and plasmonic gain medium of gold core silver shell nanocuboids was carried out in outdoor conditions of Dublin, Ireland. Optimized PLSC device power output at different solar insolation’s was compared to a reference photovoltaic (PV) cell and an optimized Luminescent Solar Concentrator (LSC) device. The effect of the solar discs position, solar insolation, PV cell surface temperature, diurnal, and seasonal variation on the performance of the PLSC device is studied. The key observation was that PLSC average power conversion efficiency was 1.4 times more than the PV cell in cloudy and diffuse solar conditions. The PLSC device performed 45% better than a PV cell in December than July, as December has higher diffuse solar irradiation. Even though the PLSC device absorbs only 31% and transmits 69% incident solar irradiation in the concerned visible range of 380-750 nm. The preliminary outdoor characterization on a small scale PLSC establishes its viability in a diffuse to direct solar radiation ratio throughout the year as well as establishing its benefits for integration in buildings.
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in the sediments of Dwars River, South Africa
Authors: Addo-Bediako Abe , Mmako Tebatso , Kekana Millicent , Luus-Powell Wilmien
Published: September 2021

The Dwars River in Limpopo Province, South Africa is being affected by anthropogenic activities such as mining, agriculture and human settlement in its catchment. The objectives of the study were to assess trace metal pollution, to determine possible sources of pollutants in the river and the potential impact on the ecosystem, aquatic biota and humans. Water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed for the following selected metals: Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to determine the extent of trace metal pollution in the sediments. The concentrations of Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in the Dwars River sediments were much higher than the average shale values, which indicated that the contamination of these metals might be caused by human activities. The enrichment factor (EF) results showed that Cr and Ni accumulated to severe enriched level, while the Igeo results indicated that Cr, Mn, Ni and Zn were strongly contaminated in the sediments. The main sources of pollutants in the area were mining, wastewater/sewage and agricultural discharges. This may pose a serious threat to the aquatic biota and potential human health risk. It is therefore recommended that proper management strategies should be taken to minimize the impact of these metals on the river.
How do pandemics end? Two decades of recurrent outbreak risk following the main waves
Authors: Schroeder Max , Lazarakis Spyridon , Mancy Rebecca , Angelopoulos Konstantinos
Published: September 2021

We analyse the dynamic evolution of disease outbreak risk after the main waves of the 1918-19 “Spanish flu” pandemic in the US and in major cities in the UK, and after the 1890-91 “Russian flu” pandemic in England and Wales. We compile municipal public health records and use national data to model the stochastic process of mortality rates after the main pandemic waves as a sequence of bounded Pareto distributions with an exponentially decaying tail parameter. In all cases, we find elevated mortality risk lasting nearly two decades. An application to COVID-19 under model uncertainty shows that in 80% of model-predicted time series, the annual probability of outbreaks exceeding 500 deaths per million is above 20% for a decade, remaining above 10% for two decades.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Argentina (#CCG)
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Rogner Holger , Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Angulo-Paniagua Jam
Published: September 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to energy system modelling, causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Argentina, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Mutation Breeding in Ornamentals
Authors: Melsen Killian , van de Wouw Mark , Contreras Ryan
Published: September 2021

The promising possibilities of mutation breeding in ornamental plants have led to a great interest in effective mutagenic treatment protocols for various species. This review discusses mutagenic treatments of a large number of ornamental genera, the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques, and the possibilities of improving the associated protocols. A number of nontargeted mutagenesis methods are available, ranging from chemical treatment with alkylating agents to irradiation with X-rays, gamma rays, and neutron or heavy ion beams at various doses. These are all relatively inexpensive and have been proven to be effective mutagens in a large number of diverse species. Genetic engineering, however, remains mostly impractical for many ornamental breeding operations because of the high cost and lack of knowledge necessary to successfully transform and regenerate ornamental crops. Of the available nontargeted mutagens, irradiation with gamma rays is still the most popular. It provides high consistency compared with chemical mutagens, albeit at a seemingly lower mutagenic efficiency. Changes in the radiation dose rate may increase the efficiency, although chronic irradiation over a longer period causes fewer deleterious mutations than the commonly used acute irradiation protocols. Heavy ion beam irradiation may also provide highly consistent mutation induction at higher efficiencies because of the high particle energy associated with these treatments. There are also opportunities to improve chemical mutagenesis. Although the required knowledge of specific gene functions in many ornamentals is still lacking, combination mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfontate with genetic screening in a process known as TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) may lead to a powerful mutation breeding tool in the future. Mutation breeding is still very useful, and many opportunities are available to improve the existing methods.
Stroboscopic aliasing in long-range interacting quantum systems
Authors: Kelly Shane , Timmermans Eddy , Marino Jamir , Tsai S.-W.
Published: September 2021

We unveil a mechanism for generating oscillations with arbitrary multiplets of the period of a given external drive, in long-range interacting quantum many-particle spin systems.
These oscillations break discrete time translation symmetry as in time crystals, but they are understood via two intertwined stroboscopic effects similar to the aliasing resulting from video taping a single fast rotating helicopter blade.
The first effect is similar to a single blade appearing as multiple blades due to a frame rate that is in resonance with the frequency of the helicopter blades' rotation;
the second is akin to the optical appearance of the helicopter blades moving in reverse direction.
Analogously to other dynamically stabilized states in interacting quantum many-body systems, this stroboscopic aliasing is robust to detuning and excursions from a chosen set of driving parameters, and it offers a novel route for engineering dynamical n-tuplets in long-range quantum simulators, with potential applications to spin squeezing generation and entangled state preparation.
Implementing Guided Inquiry Active Learning in an Online Synchronous Classroom and its Impact on Test Question Performance
Authors: Rands Vicky , Hood Suzanne , Gerrits Ron , Jensen Murray
Published: September 2021

Guided inquiry is an active learning technique featuring collaborative group learning with a structured set of models and highly structured questions for students to discuss and answer. Moving this technique to an online delivery format presents challenges, leading to questions about the effectiveness of this technique during online instruction. This study looked at the synchronous online delivery of a sliding filament theory guided inquiry activity (Brown 2015) and scores on related exam questions in anatomy classes at Salt Lake Community College. Students who participated in the guided inquiry activity had a median score of 79% on questions related to the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction while those that did not participate in guided inquiry had a median score of 61%, revealing a medium effect on student test scores. This suggests that the guided inquiry activity was successful at improving student understanding and retention when delivered in the online teaching environment.
Naturally Sourced CDK Inhibitors and Current Trends in Structure-Based Synthetic Anticancer Drug Design by Crystallography
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Dey Rishita , Dey Sudatta , Samadder Asmita , Saxena Anil Kumar
Published: September 2021

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are the chief regulators in cell proliferation; the kinase activities are largely regulated by their interactions with CDK inhibitors (CKIs) and Cyclins. The association of different CDKs with CDKIs and Cyclins at the cell-cycle checkpoints of different stages of mitotic cell cycle function act more likely as the molecular switches that regulate different transcriptional events required for progression through the cell cycle. A fine balance in response to extracellular and intracellular signals is highly maintained in the orchestrated function of CDKs along with Cyclins and CDKIs for normal cell proliferation. This fine-tuning in mitotic cell cycle progression sometimes gets lost due to dysregulation of CDKs. The aberrant functioning of the CDKIs is therefore studied for its contributions as a vital hallmark of cancers. It has attracted our focus to maneuver cancer therapy. Hence, several synthetic CDKIs and their crystallography-based drug design have been explained to understand their mode of action with CDKs. Since most of the synthetic drugs function by inhibiting the CDK4/6 kinases by competitively binding to their ATP binding cleft, these synthetic drugs are reported to attack the normal, healthy growing cells adjacent to the cancer cells leading to the decrease in the life span of the cancer patients. The quest for traditional natural medicines may have a great impact on the treatment of cancer. Therefore, in the present studies, a search for naturally sourced CDK inhibitors has been briefly focused. Additionally, some synthetic crystallography-based drug design has been explained to elucidate different avenues to develop better anticancer chemotherapeutics, converting natural scaffolds into inhibitors of the CDK mediated abnormal signal transduction with lesser side effects.
Synthesis, Physicochemical, Computational and Biological Evaluation of Phenylurea Derivatives as CNS Agents
Authors: Verma Shweta , Singh Sandeep
Published: September 2021

Background:

A series of phenylurea derivatives were designed and synthesized, The target
compounds were subjected to pharmacological studies. Various other parameters such as physicochemical
properties, computational studies, and % similarity were also calculated.

Materials and Methods:

The synthesis of the target compounds has been carried out by reaction of
Phenylurea with chloroacetyl chloride to afford 1-(2-chloroacetyl)-3-phenylurea, which further reacted
with substituted anilines. All the reactions were monitored by TLC. All the target compounds
were purified by recrystallization and characterized by spectroscopic methods. Physicochemical parameters
and Log P values of the synthesized derivatives were also calculated. It identified compounds
that have the prospect to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and are CNS active. Skeletal
muscle relaxant activity was also carried out using the Rotarod method.

Results:

The data of Log P indicated that the synthesized compounds have the potential to cross
the BBB, so they are CNS active. Pharmacological activities of the derivatives showed that the
compounds containing chloro group have moderate skeletal muscle relaxant activity. The test compounds
possess significant differences between the control group and the treated group.

Conclusion:

The synthesized derivatives containing chloro group were found to be more potent
when compared to standard drug Diazepam. Various others parameters studied revealed that the
drug has the potency to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Usprawnienie przepływu informacji w instytucji sektora publicznego
Authors:   WIT Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki Stosowanej i Zarządzania pod auspicjami Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Dąbrowski Mirosław
Published: September 2021

The study concerns the study of the workflow process in the organizational unit of the Ministry of National Defense. The results of analyzes of the management system and workflows between the positions made it possible to formulate an assessment in the scope of: • diagnoses – detection of irregularities and weaknesses in the workflow process that allow modification of procedures, and taking corrective action for detected problems, • defining discrepancies – the awareness of the top management of the area of communication is radically different from the experience of subordinate employees, • shaping – satisfaction with the workflow process depends on the possibility of expressing employees' opinions and taking them into account when developing improvement proposals, • explanation – the sense of information is the result of making employees and management aware that the most useful source of information is the immediate supervisor, • improvement – evaluation of the implementation of solutions that are recommendations of the previous audit and maintaining corrective and preventive measures of disruptions is ensured by an efficient workflow system. In accordance with the principle of continuous improvement, the assessment of the functioning of the work flow in the audited institution has also become a tool enabling the improvement of functioning procedures and processes.
Rozważania o odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych i jej charakterze w kontekście art. 17 ust. 1 pkt 1 ustawy o naruszeniu dyscypliny finansów publicznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Baranowski Karol
Published: September 2021

This paper focuses on the liability for public finances discipline violation. The grounds for the liability concerning order description that is inconsistent with the public pro-curement regulations will be indicated, i.e. such that could hinder fair competition. A significant part of the study is devoted to a detailed and broad explanation of the terms used by the legislator in Article 17 Item 1 Point 1 of the Act on Liability for Public Finances Discipline Violation. The attention was focused on presenting the essence of the order description, the nature of fair competition, as well as how the term “could” (mogłoby) should be uńderstood. The study ińcludes ań ańalysis of the ińdicated for-mulations that lead to broad and variously argued conclusions regarding the necessity and consequences of the existence of the presented regulations, as well as their impact in terms of legal certainty, implementation of public procurement and participation of the contracting authority in the procedure in this regard.
Starożytni łucznicy i ich korzenie. Kilka słów o pracy Juszyńskiego [J. Juszyński, Etos łucznika w starożytnej Europie, Zabrze-Tarnowskie Góry 2020, ss. 58, ISBN 978-83-65982-61-2]
Authors:   Narodowy Instytut Kultury i Dziedzictwa Wsi w Warszawie, Sińczak Tomasz
Published: September 2021

The aim of this paper is to review a book by Jakub Juszyński eńtitled “The ethos of ań archer in ancient Europe”, published by Ińforteditions, Zabrze - Tarńowskie Góry in 2020. The reviewed book includes 58 pages and consists of six chapters, an intro-duction and a bibliography. It discusses the position of famous archers in the culture of ancient Europe.
Author’s Response to Peer Reviews of “A Full-Scale Agent-Based Model to Hypothetically Explore the Impact of Lockdown, Social Distancing, and Vaccination During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lombardy, Italy: Model Development” (Preprint)
Authors: Giacopelli Giuseppe
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

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Family Members’ Understanding of the End-of-Life Wishes of People Undergoing Maintenance Dialysis
Authors: Saeed Fahad , Butler Catherine R. , Clark Carlyn , O’Loughlin Kristen , Engelberg Ruth A. , Hebert Paul L. , Lavallee Danielle C. , Vig Elizabeth K. , Tamura Manjula Kurella , Curtis J. Randall , O’Hare Ann M.
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives

People receiving maintenance dialysis must often rely on family members and other close persons to make critical treatment decisions toward the end of life. Contemporary data on family members’ understanding of the end-of-life wishes of members of this population are lacking.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Among 172 family members of people undergoing maintenance dialysis, we ascertained their level of involvement in the patient’s care and prior discussions about care preferences. We also compared patient and family member responses to questions about end-of-life care using percentage agreement and the κ-statistic.

Results

The mean (SD) age of the 172 enrolled family members was 55 (±17) years, 136 (79%) were women, and 43 (25%) were Black individuals. Sixty-seven (39%) family members were spouses or partners of enrolled patients. A total of 137 (80%) family members had spoken with the patient about whom they would want to make medical decisions, 108 (63%) had spoken with the patient about their treatment preferences, 47 (27%) had spoken with the patient about stopping dialysis, and 56 (33%) had spoken with the patient about hospice. Agreement between patient and family member responses was highest for the question about whether the patient would want cardiopulmonary resuscitation (percentage agreement 83%, κ=0.31), and was substantially lower for questions about a range of other aspects of end-of-life care, including preference for mechanical ventilation (62%, 0.21), values around life prolongation versus comfort (45%, 0.13), preferred place of death (58%, 0.07), preferred decisional role (54%, 0.15), and prognostic expectations (38%, 0.15).

Conclusions

Most surveyed family members reported they had spoken with the patient about their end-of-life preferences but not about stopping dialysis or hospice. Although family members had a fair understanding of patients’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation preferences, most lacked a detailed understanding of their perspectives on other aspects of end-of-life care.
On the Necessity of Convergence of Chinese Accounting Standards towards Internationalization
Authors: Chen Ruoxi , Yu Qiang
Published: September 2021

At present, the trend of economic globalization is in full swing, the trade exchanges between countries around the world are deepening, and the international financial capital market is booming. At the same time, the world’s scientific and technological revolution is changing with each passing day, and the productivity level of each country has developed rapidly, thus driving the rapid growth of the world economy. In this case, if the accounting standards of countries around the world, which reflect the processing means of economic information, are unable to converge with the international community, in the long run, It will inevitably lead to great international trade barriers, which will make the transaction costs remain high, and the transmission of key economic information lags behind slowly, eventually resulting in unnecessary waste of means of production, thus making it difficult to promote the coordinated progress of the economies of various countries efficiently. Therefore, in order to establish a good financial capital market order, maintain a stable and positive world economic level, and improve the happiness index of people all over the world, it is particularly necessary to call on all countries in the world to build international convergence of accounting standards. As the mainstay of world trade, China is obliged to improve its own accounting system and adapt to the global economic development. Therefore, its accounting standards will strive to converge with internationalization in the future, which is not only just needed by China’s own economic development. At the same time, it is also of great practical significance for the development of the world economy. However, due to the influence of specific factors such as national conditions, economic environment and historical issues, the internationalization route of China’s accounting standards has a long way to go. Based on this, we should rationally analyze the background and initial intention of the convergence of China’s accounting standards to international accounting standards, and deal with differences and consequences according to China’s accounting treatment and international standards brought by specific business environment. Then, proceeding from China’s national conditions, combining with the differences in the above accounting standards, objectively analyzing the problems and the deeper reasons behind the internationalization of China’s accounting standards by combining quantitative and qualitative methods, finally, prescribing the right medicine, proceeding from reality, taking the basic principle of Marxism-materialist dialectics, and realistically making targeted suggestions on the internationalization convergence of China’s accounting standards, aiming at making a modest contribution to the academic development of accounting standards by taking China as a reference.
THE ANALYSIS OF a-CRYSTALLINE PROTEIN IN WHITE AND BRUNESCENT CATARACT
Authors: MUHAMMAD HIDAYAT  , ELLYZA NASRUL  , TJAHJONO GONDHOWIHARJO  , ANDANI EKA PUTRA
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the difference of concentration and expression of α-crystalline protein in white and brunescent cataract lenses.
Methods: The design of this study is cross-sectional comparative. The subject was cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery in Puskesmas Pariaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Lens examination was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of FK Unand from July 2019 to February 2020. The samples consisted of 36 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. ELISA examination was used to determine the concentration of α-crystalline protein and Western Blot examination was performed to see the expression of the α-crystalline protein in all subjects.
Results: The difference in the concentration of α-crystalline protein in white cataract and brunescent cataract was not statistically significant, with p=0.129 (p>0.05). The result of Western blot examination was normal expression of α-crystalline protein in white cataract and under expression of α-crystalline protein in brunescent cataracts.
Conclusion: The expression of α-crystalline protein appeared to be different between white and brunescent cataract lenses. In brunescent cataract, under expression of α-crystalline proteins was related to the decrease of chaperone activity. This change occurred allegedly because of photochemical reaction that happened inside the lens.
STUDY OF THE ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ROOT OF ACORUS CALAMUSIN ALBINO MICE USING MIRRORED CHAMBER
Authors: SHIPRA KAUSHIK  , HARSHWARDHAN
Published: September 2021

Objective: Anxiety is classified as a form of sub-acute or chronic fear. Root of Acorus calamus has been traditionally used as an anxiolytic. The aim of the study is to assess the anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of the root of Acorus calamus (EEAC) by Mirrored Chamber Test on Albino mice.
Methods: Albino mice of either sex were taken and divided into five groups, each consisting of 5 mice. One group was used as control, one as standard (Diazepam) and three as test groups treated with 100, 200 & 400 mg/kg of EEAC. The drugs i.e., 10 ml/kg of Normal saline for control, Diazepam 2 mg/kg (standard) and 100, 200 & 400 mg/kg EEAC (test groups) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.), 30 mins before placing them in the center of the mirrored chamber. Latency to enter the chamber, number of entries in five minutes and total time spent in the chamber during 5 minutes test period were compared in each group. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by multiple Dunnett’s test.
Results: EEAC showed significant increase in all the parameters for the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg in a dose dependent manner.
Conclusion: EEAC has anxiolytic activity.