bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Incentive System on Job Performance Motivation as Mediator for Public Sector Organization in Uae
Authors: Ahmed Khamis Al Naqbi Rashid , Dr. Rosman Bin Md Yusoff Prof. , Fadillah Binti Ismail Dr.
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of this research is to study the effect of motivation and incentive system on the job performance of public sector employees in UAE. The details of this research will be provided in an attempt to validate whether incentives have a potential effect on motivating employee and enhance job performance in the public sector. The purpose of the research is also to illustrate to what extent incentives are used in the UAEâ€™s public service sector. To fulfill the objective of the research as well as to obtain real and reliable data, a research study will be conducted at was conducted at the Economic Development Department (EDD) in Al Sharjah. This research has adopted a quantitative approach to assess the effect of the incentive system in public sector in UAE on the job performance, and to identify the mediating effect of employeesâ€™ motivation in two dimensions (intrinsic and extrinsic) on the relationship between the incentive systems (monetary and tangible and non-monetary and intangible), and employeesâ€™ performance. The research method will quantitatively analyze the structured questionerâ€™s data using a statistical approach. On completion of the qualitative research, it is expected that the findings will concur with the consensus of the findings in the literature review. The data analysis will prove that there is a significant relation between incentives in the form of rewards and recognition and better work performance. This research study, hopes to determine whether most of the public employees in the above-mentioned organisation are motivated by the financial and non-financial incentives and are encouraged and motivated towards greater work performance.Â
Continued Fractions and Conformal Mappings for Domains with Angel Points
Authors: N. Ivanshin Pyotr , . .
Published: April 2019

Here we construct the conformal mappings with the help of the continued fraction approximations. We first show that the method of [19] works for conformal mappings of the unit disk onto domains with acute external angles at the boundary. We give certain illustrative examples of these constructions. Next we outline the problem with domains which boudary possesses acute internal angles. Then we construct the method of rational root approximation in the right complex half-plane. First we construct the square root approximation and consider approximative properties of the mapping sequence in Theorem 1. Then we turn to the general case, namely, the continued fraction approximation of the rational root function in the complex right half-plane. These approximations converge to the algebraic root functions , , , . This is proved in Theorem 2 of the aricle. Thus we prove convergence of this method and construct conformal approximate mappings of the unit disk onto domains with angles and thin domains. We estimate the convergence rate of the approximation sequences. Note that the closer the point is to zero or infinity and the lower is the ratio k/N the worse is the approximation. Also we give the examples that illustrate the conformal mapping construction.Â Â
KEBIJAKAN KELAUTAN INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNCLOS 1982
Authors: Susetyorini Peni
Published: April 2019

Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia, dengan kondisi geografis yang strategis dan  kaya akan sumberdaya alam, namun semuanya masih belum dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal demi kemakmuran bangsa. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan hal tersebut, mulai dari kesalahan paradigma pembangunan hingga carut marutnya upaya penegakan hukum kemaritiman. Kendala pemenuhan intrastruktur yang memadai dalam kemaritiman merupakan kendala utama yang harus diselesaikan pemerintah, karena keberadaan infrastruktur akan memungkinkan pelayanan yang lebih baik. Persoalan pembenahan sistem penegakan hukum melalui penguatan dan koordinasi antar lembaga yang berwenang di laut akan sangat menunjang bagi terciptanya keselarasan penegakan hukum, sehingga para pelaku kemaritiman akan mendapatkan kepastian kepada siapa mereka harus menggantungkan harapannya bila mereka mendapatkan kesulitan di laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hak dan kewajiban negara dalam mengimplementasikan Konvensi Hukum Laut (Unclos) 1982 yang telah diratifikasi oleh negara Indonesia  dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 1985 tentang Pengesahan United Nation Convention on The Law of The Sea, dan menganalisis kebijakan kelautan Indonesia dalam upaya mewujudkan negara Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia.
Neurotoxic Effects of Stanozolol on Male Rats‘ Hippocampi: Does Stanozolol cause apoptosis?
Authors: Karimooy Faezeh Nemati , Bideskan Alireza Ebrahimzadeh , Pour Abbas Mohammadi , Hoseini Seyed Mahmoud
Published: April 2019

Stanozolol is an anabolic-androgenic steroid which is commonly abused by athletes for improved energy, appearance, and physical size. It has been previously shown to cause changes in behaviour and has various physical effects. Studies have previously been conducted on its neurotoxic effect on the central nervous system (CNS), which are typically psychological in nature. This study was performed to investigate the apoptotic effect of stanozolol on different parts of the rat hippocampus. Sixteen male Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group received subcutaneous injections of stanozolol (5mg/kg/day) for consecutive 28 days, whereas the control group received saline using the same dosing schedule and administration route. After routine procedures, coronal sections of rat brain were stained with Toluidine blue and TUNEL for pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell detection, respectively. In order to compare groups, the mean number of TUNEL-positive and pre-apoptotic neurons per unit area were calculated and analysed. Histopathological examination revealed that the mean number of pre-apoptotic and apoptotic neurons in the CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG areas of the hippocampus were significantly increased in the stanozolol treated group. In conclusion, stanozolol abuse may induce pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell formation in different regions of the hippocampus.
Therapeutic challenges in a patient with the simple virilizing (SV) form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to the P30L/I172N genotype
Authors: Tankoska Maja , Anastasovska Violeta , Krstevska-Konstantinova Marina , Naydenov Michel , Kocova Mirjana
Published: April 2019

Background

Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder, present in 90–95% of all cases with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The classical simple virilizing (SV) form of the disease causes virilization of the external genitalia in newborn females and pseudo-precocious puberty in both sexes, due to reactive androgen overproduction.

Case presentation

We describe a 3.5-year-old girl presenting with pubarche, P2 according to Tanner, advanced bone age of 6 years and 10 months, and high serum levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP). Molecular analysis of the nine most common pseudogene-derived CYP21A2 point mutations was performed in the patient and her family members using the polymerase chain reaction/amplification-created restriction site (PCR/ACRS) method. We detected the P30L/I172N genotype in the patient. She had inherited a mild P30L mutation from her mother and a severe I172N mutation from her father.

Conclusions

Although the CAH phenotype is determined by the allele that produces most of the enzyme activity and the mild non-classical (NC) phenotype should be expected, the mild P30L known to be more virilizing probably induced the classical SV phenotype in our patient. A continuous regimen of hydrocortisone at a recommended dose failed to decrease the 17-OHP sufficiently. Careful tapering of the dose did not help, and her pubic hair advanced to P3 according to Tanner. Individually tailored treatment is warranted in this patient.
Near and Far Transfer in Cognitive Training: A Second-Order Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sala Giovanni , Aksayli N. Deniz , Tatlidil K. Semir , Tatsumi Tomoko , Gondo Yasuyuki , Gobet Fernand
Published: April 2019

Theory building in science requires replication and integration of findings regarding a particular research question. Second-order meta-analysis (i.e., a meta-analysis of meta-analyses) offers a powerful tool for achieving this aim, and we use this technique to illuminate the controversial field of cognitive training. Recent replication attempts and large meta-analytic investigations have shown that the benefits of cognitive-training programs hardly go beyond the trained task and similar tasks. However, it is yet to be established whether the effects differ across cognitive-training programs and populations (children, adults, and older adults). We addressed this issue by using second-order meta-analysis. In Models 1 (k = 99) and 2 (k = 119), we investigated the impact of working-memory training on near-transfer (i.e., memory) and far-transfer (e.g., reasoning, speed, and language) measures, respectively, and whether it is mediated by the type of population. Model 3 (k = 233) extended Model 2 by adding six meta-analyses assessing the far-transfer effects of other cognitive-training programs (video-games, music, chess, and exergames). Model 1 showed that working-memory training does induce near transfer, and that the size of this effect is moderated by the type of population. By contrast, Models 2 and 3 highlighted that far-transfer effects are small or null. Crucially, when placebo effects and publication bias were controlled for, the overall effect size and true variance equaled zero. That is, no impact on far-transfer measures was observed regardless of the type of population and cognitive-training program. The lack of generalization of skills acquired by training is thus an invariant of human cognition.
Educational Series in Congenital Heart Disease: Three-dimensional echocardiography in congenital heart disease
Authors: Simpson John M , van den Bosch Annemien
Published: April 2019

Three-dimensional echocardiography is a valuable tool for the assessment of cardiac function where it permits calculation of chamber volume and function. The anatomy of valvar and septal structures can be presented in unique and intuitive ways to enhance surgical planning. Guidance of interventional procedures using the technique has now become established in many clinical settings. Enhancements of image processing to include intracavity flow, image fusion and true 3D displays look set to further improve the contribution of this modality to care of the patient with congenital heart disease.
Atskyrimo (khōrismos) doktrinos kritika Aristotelio Metafizikoje
Authors: Petuška Virgilijus
Published: April 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama atskyrimo (khōrismos) sąvoka (tezė, kad eidai ir skaičiai egzistuoja atskirai (khōris) nuo jusliškai suvokiamų esybių) bei jos kritika Aristotelio Metafizikoje. Straipsnyje siekiama įrodyti, kad nors Aristotelis Metafizikoje eidų ir skaičių atskyrimo doktrinas kritikavo skyrium viena nuo kitos (kaip dvi Platono metafizinio mokymo dalis), vis dėlto jas laikė neatskiriamai susijusiomis – iš skaičių atskyrimo, pasak Aristotelio, kildintinas ir eidų atskyrimas jusliškai suvokiamų objektų atžvilgiu. Ši straipsnio pagrindinė tezė grindžiama bendra Metafizikos knygų M ir N problemine struktūra, Aristotelio pateikiamais liudijimais apie eidų teorijos atsiradimą bei šių liudijimų interpretacija remiantis senovės graikų mąstymui būdingu skaičiaus fenomeno suvokimu.
Why Kant is a Weak Conceptualist
Authors: Baranovas Ruslanas
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]

The question whether Kant is a conceptualist has attracted significant attention of Kant scholars in recent decades. I present all three dominant positions in the debate (strong conceptualism, weak conceptualism, nonconceptualism) and argue that strong conceptualism and nonconceptualism are less plausible interpretations of Kant’s philosophy. I argue that the first cannot explain Kant’s commitments related to the incongruents, animals, and infants. The second one, meanwhile, cannot explain Kant’s argument on causation against Hume. At the end of the paper, I try to show that the key to a plausible and convincing interpretation of Kant as a weak conceptualist is the distinction between categories and empirical concepts.
Reduction in Unintended Extubations in a Level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Galiote John P. , Ridoré Michelande , Carman Jessica , Zell Lisa , Brant Karen , Gayle Cheyenne , Short Billie L. , Klugman Darren , Soghier Lamia
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Unintended extubations (UEs) lead to significant morbidity in neonates. A quality improvement project was initiated in response to high rates in our level IV NICU. We targeted creating and sustaining UE rates below the published standard of 1 per 100 ventilator days.

METHODS:

This project spanned 4 time periods: baseline, epoch 1 (December 2010–May 2012), sustain, and epoch 2 (May 2015–December 2017) by using standard quality improvement methodology. Epoch 1 interventions included real-time analysis of UE events, standardization of taping, patient positioning and movement, accurate event reporting, and change in nomenclature. Epoch 2 interventions included reduction in daily chest radiographs (CXRs) and development of a high-risk tool. Patient and event characteristics were statistically compared across time points.

RESULTS:

Of the 612 UE events recorded over 10 years, 249 UEs occurred from May 2011 to 2017 involving 184 unique patients. UE rates decreased by 43% (from 1.75 to 0.99 per 100 ventilator days; epoch 1) and were sustained until a notable spike. Epoch 2 interventions led to a further 31% rate reduction. Single CXR use decreased by half. Median corrected gestational age at the time of an event was 35 weeks (interquartile range: 29–41). Seventy percent of infants experiencing an UE required reintubation, 29% had a previous event, and 9% had a code event.

CONCLUSIONS:

A decrease in UE below benchmarks can be achieved and sustained by standardization and mitigation interventions. This decline was also accompanied by a reduction in use of CXRs without increasing UE events.
La autocorrelación espacial y el desarrollo de la geografía cuantitativa
Authors: Siabato Willington , Guzmán-Manrique Jhon
Published: April 2019

¿Cómo varía UN fenómeno a través del espacio geográfico? Esta es la pregunta que ayuda a resolver la autocorrelación espacial. En este editorial se presenta una breve introducción al concepto de autocorrelación espacial y a los métodos de análisis usados para clasificar y cuantificar el comportamiento de un fenómeno a través del espacio. Además, se presenta una contextualización histórica sobre su origen y desarrollo, y una serie de elementos que se espera ayude a aclarar las posibles confusiones entre la correlación y  autocorrelación espacial. Las descripciones y conceptos expuestos no son desarrollados con rigurosidad matemática ni detallando la formalización de cada método, por el contrario, se presentan como discusión conceptual que describe los fundamentos y detalles que se consideran necesarios para conocer y comprender la base de los principales métodos  estadísticos espaciales hasta ahora desarrollados para analizar la variación de los fenómenos geográficos. El objetivo de estas notas es que sirvan de soporte para cursos introductorios de análisis espacial.
THE EXISTENTIAL AND THE SPIRITUAL IN THE EXISTENTIAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF G. MARCEL AND E. MINKOWSKI
Authors: Zinevych A. S.
Published: April 2019

Purpose. To examine the existential anthropology of G. Marcel and E. Minkowski, in order to demonstrate the necessity of distinguishing the universal-spiritual, as human in human being, apart from the individual-existential in him, and to reveal the hierarchical correlation of biosocial, existential and spiritual spheres in personality. Theoretical basis. Within existential philosophy the author differentiates two separate traditions and proceeds from the insufficiency of the distinction of existential sphere, proposed by phenomenological tradition, showing the necessity of its correlation with the spiritual sphere as a sphere of humanity, proposed by non-phenomenological tradition of G. Marcel and E. Minkowski. Originality. The author presents the anthropological conception of G. Marcel and E. Minkowski, in which human personality is understood as unity of individual-existential and universal-spiritual, which requires a special trans-empirical field of culture, which contains senses, images and symbols of humanity. Also, the author presents the recent developments of existential thinkers in distinguishing existential and spiritual dimensions, both not reducible to the physical and social dimensions. Conclusions. In both existential traditions, the specifically human was founded as a trans-biological and trans-social phenomenon, which appears as indefinable and non-predetermined. But in first tradition (M. Heidegger, J.-P. Sartre), humanity is understood as an existence, as a unique individuality, "project", variant of humanity, equivalent to other variants, and universal is understood as a community of human condition in the world. While in the second tradition (G. Marcel, E. Minkowski, also V. Frankl), the universal is understood as spiritual. Thus, horizontal level of our private existence, as the process of movement from birth to death, is supplemented by vertical of human, universal ideals and images. Humanity appears as a task, on the way to which human being transcends beyond the limits of his individual "self" to the "super-individual", through inclusion into spiritual community, into universal culture.
THE MEASURE OF ALL GODS: RELIGIOUS PARADIGMS OF THE ANTIQUITY AS ANTHROPOLOGICAL INVARIANTS
Authors: Halapsis A. V.
Published: April 2019

Purpose of the article is the reconstruction of ancient Greek and ancient Roman models of religiosity as anthropological invariants that determine the patterns of thinking and being of subsequent eras. Theoretical basis. The author applied the statement of Protagoras that "Man is the measure of all things" to the reconstruction of the religious sphere of culture. I proceed from the fact that each historical community has a set of inherent ideas about the principles of reality, which found unique "universes of meanings". The historical space acquires anthropological properties that determine the specific mythology of the respective societies, as well as their spiritual successors. In particular, the religious models of ancient Greece and ancient Rome had a huge influence on formation of the worldview of the Christian civilization of the West. Originality. Multiplicity of the Olympic mythology contributed to the diversity of the expression forms of the Greek genius, which manifested itself in different fields of cultural activity, not reducible to political, philosophical or religious unity. The poverty of Roman mythology was compensated by a clear awareness of the unity of the community, which for all historical vicissitudes had always remained an unchanging ideal, and which was conceived as a reflection of the unity of the heavens. These two approaches to the divine predetermined the formation of two interacting, but conceptually different anthropological paradigms of Antiquity. Conclusions. Western concepts of divinity are invariants of two basic theological concepts – "Greek" (naturalism and paganism) and "Roman" (transcendentalism and henotheism). These are ideal types, so these two tendencies can co-exist in one society. The Roman trend continued to be realized by the anti-Roman religion, which took Roman forms and Roman name. Iconoclasm was a Byzantine version of the Reformation, promoted by the Isaurian emperors and failed due to the strong Hellenistic naturalistic lobby. Modern "Romans" are trying to get rid of the last elements of religious naturalism, and modern "Greeks" are trying to preserve the Hellenic elements in Christianity. Patterns can be transformed, but the observational view will still be able to identify their lineage. The developed model allows a deeper understanding of the culture of both ancient societies, as well as the outlook of Western man.
THE ONTOLOGY OF EXISTENCE: THE NEXT PARADIGM. A review of the book "THE IDEA OF THE WORLD: A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY ARGUMENT FOR THE MENTAL NATURE OF REALITY", by Bernardo Kastrup
Authors: Bazaluk O. A.
Published: April 2019

In recent decades, attempts to create and argue a new ontology of existence that could provide a robust alternative to the mainstream physicalist metaphysics have been made in science and philosophy. A new book by Bernardo Kastrup (2019, 312 p.), a well-known specialist in the field of philosophy of mind and neuroscience of consciousness, offers the author's conceptually clear and rigorous formulation of the philosophical system. The author proves that appearance and reality in ontology are fundamentally experiential. A universal phenomenal consciousness is the sole ontological primitive, which patterns of excitation constitute existence, and a human being is dissociated mental complexes of this universal consciousness, surrounded like islands by the ocean of its mentation. Kastrup’s idea of the World has an idealist ontological underpinning. The author contrasts his vision of the world with the existing ideas of the world perception, such as physicalism, microexperientialism and cosmopsychism. The quality of the argument, which is given in the book, suggests the revival of the philosophy of idealism as the next paradigm, according to which a form of universal mind will be viewed as nature's sole fundamental entity.
An optimised approach for saturation flow estimation of signalised intersections
Authors: Mondal Satyajit , Arya Vijai Kumar , Gupta Ankit
Published: April 2019

Saturation flow is a fundamental performance measure parameter used for the design of intersections. However, in mixed traffic conditions, the evaluation of saturation flow is more sensitive due to heterogeneous traffic where vehicles are travelling in the same right of way without any lane separation. In such cases, the passenger car unit (PCU) plays a major role in analysing heterogeneity using an equivalent value for each vehicle. This paper presents a novel approach using the optimisation technique to determine PCU values and saturation flow for mixed traffic streams. Field data were collected at six signalised intersections in three Indian cities. The optimisation technique produced reasonable PCU values and an accurate estimation of saturation flow of 1906 PCUs/h. The saturation flow prediction model was developed using the multi-linear regression technique as per Pearson's correlation between saturation flow and vehicle compositional share. The developed saturation flow model was validated using field data from another site and the predicted value was in good agreement with the observed value. Finally, the predictive model was used to analyse the impact of traffic composition on saturation flow in mixed traffic streams.
Análise da Value Relevance da demonstração do valor adicionado nos níveis diferenciados de governança corporativa da BM&FBOVESPA
Authors: Santos Alyne Alves , Botinha Reiner Alves , Lemes Sirlei
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se o conteúdo informacional da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA) é relevante para os investidores. A amostra foi composta por empresas brasileiras pertencentes ao Índice de Ações com Governança Corporativa Diferenciada (IGCX) da BM&FBovespa, atual Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), no período de 2011 a 2015. Para o alcance do objetivo, foi utilizada a técnica de regressão linear múltipla. A amostra da pesquisa constituiu-se de 155 empresas e 714 observações. Os resultados apontam que a variável “valor adicionado líquido para distribuição”, ao nível de significância estatística de 5%, é relevante para o mercado acionário nos níveis diferenciados de governança corporativa, porém com baixo poder explicativo. Todavia, quando as variáveis de controle são adicionadas na regressão, observa-se que o lucro por ação apresenta mais poder explicativo em relação ao valor adicionado líquido. Esses resultados apontaram que o total de riqueza líquida obtida pela empresa (construída por ela e recebida em transferência por outras entidades) pode ser relevante para os usuários das informações contábeis, embora o lucro por ação tenha sido o indicador mais relevante. Evidenciou-se que, em linhas gerais, há preocupação quanto à divulgação da informação sobre a riqueza gerada pela entidade, sinalizando que o conteúdo da DVA conduz à maior transparência das entidades e, consequentemente, é capaz de influenciar as decisões dos investidores, mas tem baixo teor de coeficiente em relação às demais variáveis do estudo.
The Effect of Nanobioglass Containing Versus Bioglass Free Self Etch Adhesive Systems on Post Restorative Pain of Resin composite in Class II Restorations. A Randomized Control Clinical Trial v1
Authors: Zakaria Ahmed , Ismail Riad Mona , Fouad Haridy Mohammed
Published: April 2019

Despite recent developments in dental restorative materials and techniques, postoperative sensitivity following posterior composite restorations is still a commonly reported problem among dentists. This problem could be related to cavity preparation trauma, polymerization shrinkage of resin composites which may, in turn, lead to internal stresses, debonding, gap formation and leakage of bacteria through the tooth restoration interface. Recently, the solution to this problem has been related to dentin adhesives’ ability to seal the gaps and open dentinal tubules that are present between the adhesive and the dentin. In this regard, the current study tested the ability of a nanobioglass containing versus a nanobioglass free self-etch adhesive to reduce postoperative sensitivity after class II composite restorations.
Microwell-based Single-Cell RNA-seq v1
Authors: Sims Peter , Yuan Jinzhou , L. Cheng Yim
Published: April 2019

(On-chip reverse transcription version, Sims Lab – Jinzhou Yuan and Yim L. Cheng) 7/6/2017
Biolistic transformation of polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus v1
Authors: Hopes Amanda , Mock Thomas
Published: April 2019

Transformation system for the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus using microparticle bombardment.
Music in the Foreign Language Classroom: How and Why?
Authors: Degrave Pauline
Published: April 2019

Despite a positive attitude towards the use of music in the foreign language classroom, teachers rarely integrate music into their lessons. Studies suggest two main explanations for this discrepancy: a limited knowledge of adapted material and a lack of theoretical grounding to support the use of music in the foreign language classroom. This article aims at examining how and why music can be used in the foreign language classroom. The first section describes some musical methodologies frequently used for language acquisition over time and provides references to resources containing music-based exercises for foreign language learning. The second part reviews research studies about the potential benefits of music-related methodologies for language acquisition and for specific linguistic skills.
A New Paradigm for the Etymology and Trend Study from the Perspective of Culturomics
Authors: Song Fei , Xu Minghui
Published: April 2019

As an emerging discipline in 2011, culturomics belongs to cultural studies mainly by way of diachronic research and large-scale corpora, so it could be significative for the etymology and trend studies. In this paper, a large-scale diachronic corpus was established based on culturomics, and the condition and quality basic-level category vocabulary (BLCV) is taken as examples for analyses, so as to obtain relevant data and conclusions. It is shown that about 90% of the condition and quality BLCV was originated earlier than Sui, Tang and the Five Dynasties, and the first-level BLCV is earlier than the second-level and the third-level in aspect of origin time. The higher BLCV level, the greater the use rate increase, with more obvious stable development in the diachronic respect. Thus, culturomics, as a new paradigm in linguistic researches, is confirmed to be feasible, distinctive and irreplaceable in an era of big data.
On the Derivation of Oblique Object Construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Li Haojie
Published: April 2019

This paper explores the derivation mechanism of oblique object constructions in Mandarin Chinese. Based on the Morphological Fusion and the Minimize Exponence in Distributed Morphology, this paper proposes that the oblique object is assigned by the preposition and then the verb, which is intransitive, and the preposition undertakes morphological fusion. As a result, the verb is spelled out in the phonetic components and the oblique object occurs directly after the verb. We infer that “Ta chi shitang” (He eats in the canteen) and “Ta zai shitang chifan” (he eats in the canteen) have different generation mechanisms by exploring the different generation mechanisms of “Ta chi shitang” (He eats in the canteen) and “Ta zai shitang chifan”(he eats in the canteen). They cannot be converted from each other.
O ENSINO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Mendes Caroline Janaína , Kesikowski Sabrina Cunha , Vieira Alboni Marisa Dudeque Pianovski
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o ensino dos direitos humanos na educação básica como ferramenta essencial à construção da cidadania, à formação de sujeito de direitos e, assim, à transformação social, considerando as desigualdades estruturais, exclusão e conflitos, que caracterizam as sociedades contemporâneas. Nessa perspectiva, utilizando os métodos dedutivo e histórico, e as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, examinou-se, em um primeiro momento, a educação em direitos humanos como uma política pública brasileira, à luz das regulamentações existentes no país, com especial enfoque à atuação na educação básica. Em seguida, abordou-se a importância da educação em direitos humanos para o conhecimento e exercício dos demais direitos fundamentais e humanos. Por fim, concluiu-se pela imprescindibilidade de se promover e intensificar a educação em direitos humanos, em especial nas escolas, pois a efetivação dos direitos fundamentais e direitos humanos depende essencialmente da assimilação de seu conteúdo pelos cidadãos e a prática de atos por eles orientada.
A CONSTRUÇÃO SOCIAL DA CIDADANIA NUM PAÍS INTERCULTURAL: O USO DE IMAGENS NO ENSINO DA HISTÓRIA E CULTURA AFRICANA E AFRO-BRASILEIRA EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Roiz Diogo da Silva , Santos Jonas Rafael dos
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste texto é discutir como a lei 10.639/03 possibilitou legitimar uma prática pedagógica “positiva” em relação à história do negro no Brasil. Ao mesmo tempo detém-se em analisar uma prática pedagógica aplicada em duas escolas (uma municipal e outra estadual) no município de Campinas, no estado de São Paulo, tendo por base os estudos culturais, especialmente o conceito de “interculturalismo”. As práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no “chão das escolas” pautaram-se na utilização de imagens (como cenas de filmes,) e letras de músicas (como o rap) para se ensinar a história e a cultura africana e afro-brasileira em sala de aula.
CIÊNCIAS E ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA: APONTAMENTOS TEÓRICOS PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DOS ANOS INICIAIS
Authors: Martins Pereira Igor Daniel , Nörnberg Marta
Published: April 2019

Este artigo apresenta ideias decorrentes de estudos sobre o ensino de ciências e a alfabetização científica. Articula os conceitos de letramento e alfabetização científica (LORENZETTI; DELIZOICOV, 2001; SASSERON; CARVALHO, 2011) e de alfabetização na língua materna (SOARES, 1998; FREIRE, 1967, 1996) para empreender proposições sobre a formação de professores que trabalham com o ensino de ciências na educação básica. As ideias desenvolvidas corroboram estudos que afirmam a importância do ensino das ciências, nos anos iniciais, na perspectiva da alfabetização científica. Afirma posições que asseguram às crianças o direito de participação em práticas que ampliem a sua noção de mundo e os seus conhecimentos sobre os processos e procedimentos científicos. Nessa direção, sustenta-se a compreensão de que as ciências e as especificidades da alfabetização científica podem potencializar a inserção das crianças em uma nova cultura, a cultura científica.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EDUCATIVA Y LA INVESTIGACIÓN FORMATIVA EN LA UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA
Authors: Turpo-Gebera Osbaldo , Venegas Mejía Valia , Esquivel Grados José
Published: April 2019

Son funciones de la Universidad: la formación profesional, la investigación, la extensión cultural y proyección social, la educación continua y contribución con el desarrollo humano. En tal contexto, destacan dos aspectos i) la formación en investigación de los estudiantes desde el ejercicio de la docencia y ii) la creación de nuevos conocimientos, que hacen referencia a investigación formativa e investigación científica, respectivamente. Sin embargo, existen evidencias que no hay consenso entre docentes y estudiantes sobre el significado de investigación formativa, tanto en la formación profesional en general como en la pedagógica en particular, concibiéndose como estrategia didáctica para aprender a investigar; investigación acción para la transformación; procedimiento para incorporar conocimiento científico y hasta para motivar el gusto por la investigación. Pero lo que sí debería merecer aceptación es el hecho de fortalecer la investigación formativa con actualización curricular, investigadores docentes versados, actitud científica de los estudiantes, cultura investigativa, implementación de recursos y decisión política institucional.
Еfficacy of Combined Treatment of Epithelial and Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Using Corneal Crosslinking and Automated Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Marvanova L. R.
Published: April 2019

The purpose: to establish a combined approach to the treatment of patients with epithelial and endothelial cornea dystrophy (EED) based on a comparative study of the results of one-step and two-step methods. Patients and methods. The study included 75 patients (81 eyes) with corneal EED, who underwent surgical treatment at the Ufa Eye Research Institute from 2011 to 2016. The patients were divided into two groups — the main group consisted of 43 (46 eyes, 57 %) patients, who underwent the first stage of the CC before surgical treatment of EED, the second stage after 1–12 months — automated posterior lamellar keratoplasty (APLK). In the control group, isolated APLK was performed in 32 (35 eyes, 43 %) patients. Results. After CC (1–10 days) in the main group an increase in corneal thickness due to edema enhancement in the cornea stroma was observed in patients with stage I–III of the corneal EED. After 3 months, a decrease in corneal thickness was recorded in patients of the main group with I-II stages of the disease (p < 0.05), after 6 months — in all stages of the corneal EED compared with the control group (p < 0.05). According to optical coherence tomography (OCT), a decrease in the total cornea thickness in both зфешутеы groups was noted within 12 months after APLK: in the main group from 667 ± 65 μm initially to 594 ± 31 μm, in the control group, where there was a pronounced corneal edema from 787 ± 56 to 612 ± 67 μm. Conclusion. Corneal cross-linking in patients with I–III stages of corneal EED provides improvement of the cornea, manifested in reducing edema and its thickness. It allows to delay the implementation of the automated posterior lamellar keratoplasty without corneal deterioration in patients with stage I up to 6–12 months, in patients with stage II–III up to 3–6 months.
Мodern Approaches to the Treatment and Prevention of Recurrent of Ophthalmic Herpes. Review
Authors: Zaynutdinova G. Ch.
Published: April 2019

The review focuses on modern treatment aspects and prevention of ophthalmic herpes.The generalized experience of the clinical nucleoside administration, the basic antiviral drugs in the treatment of this pathology, is presented in detail. Information about indications, side effects and various schemes for their systemic and local application is provided. Questions on the duration of nucleoside administration in various clinical forms of eye herpes are considered. A meta-analysis of the comparative therapeutic nucleoside efficacy based on the results of more than 100 placebo-controlled randomized trials is presented. Special attention is paid to the rare but severe eye pathology, the acute retinal necrosis. Also data on the indications and contraindications of corticosteroids and on the current view of immunotherapy of ophthalmic herpes is presented. The question of the modern approach to the disease prevention recurrences is considered in detail, particularly, the results of the nucleoside administration have a high level of evidence, and, herpetic vaccines in the rehabilitation of patients with herpes infection are not widely used due to the lack of reliable methods for evaluating the efficacy. The information on the search for new effective drugs that have a targeted effect on certain patient cell receptors that can inhibit the penetration and spread of the herpes virus that can cause a controlled immune response is provided. Expanding the arsenal of effective and safe antiviral therapy will definitely optimize the treatment of ophthalmic herpes and prevent the occurrence of its recurrence and severe outcomes.
Morphometric Analysis of Corneal Nerves Condition after Laser Keratorefractive Surgery
Authors: Avetisov S. E. , Tyurina A. A. , Surnina Z. V. , Dovgileva O. M. , Sukhanova E. V.
Published: April 2019

Purpose: to conduct a morphometric assessment of the corneal nerves state after laser keratorefractive surgery using laser confocal microscopy and the software Liner 1.2S. Patients and methods. 40 eyes of 20 patients received LASIK to correct a mean refractive error of –4.5 ± 1.9 diopters (range, –2.25 to –8.25 diopters). The stroma was ablated with a Teneo Technolas 317P excimer laser. Corneas were examined by laser corneal confocal microscopy (HRT III with Rostock Cornea Module) before and in 1, 3, and 6 months after LASIK. Images were analyzed with software that automatically computes coefficients of anisotropy and orientation symmetry of corneal nerves. Result. At 1 and 3 months after surgery, the center corneal nerves were completely absent. At 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery, the paracentral corneal nerves were detected and the coefficient of anisotropy were statistically significantly reduced compared with the preoperative rates. At 6 months after surgery, both central and peripheral corneal nerves were detected and the coefficient of anisotropy were statistically significantly reduced compared with the preoperative rates. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the central corneal nerves were first detected at 6 months after surgery, whereas the paracentral cornea nerves were detected already after 1 month. At 6 months after surgery, the coefficient of anisotropy in the central of cornea statistically significant decreased compared to the preoperative rates. At all stages of the study after surgery, the anisotropy coefficient in the cornea paracentral statistically significant decreased compared with preoperative.
Oxidative stress and antioxidant vitamins in cataract patients
Authors: . Ghazala , Ali Syed Liaquat , Siddiqui Jamil Ahmed , Khanam Aziza , Memon Saleh
Published: April 2019

Background: In Pakistan age related vision disturbances are mainly due to cataract. Various studies have reported relationship of ocular lesion with senile changes and diabetes mellitus resulting in reduced quality of life due to vision. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the process of cataractogenesis. The pathogenesis of the cataract may involve decreased activity of antioxidant scavenging system which includes non-enzymatic natural antioxidants as biomolecules such as carotenoids and vitamins. So, it is planned to investigate the level of serum antioxidant vitamins in diabetic cataract patients and in non-diabetic cataract patients.Methods: The study was conducted at Biochemistry department, Al-Tibri Medical College Karachi from October 2016 to October 2017. Ninety pre diagnosed cataract patients were selected from Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi 40 normal control subjects were selected from the same population with same socioeconomic group. The demographic data was analyzed. The random blood sugar, antioxidant vitamins (C, A and E) and malondialdehyde were analyzed in the blood sample of control and cataract patients. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results: There was no significant difference in the level of vitamin C, A, E and MDA between diabetic and non-diabetic cataract patients, but the blood levels of vitamins of control are higher as compared to the cataract patients. The level of MDA is significantly high in cataract patients as compared to control. Antioxidant vitamin E was negatively correlated with serum malondialdehyde in cataract patients.Conclusions: It is concluded that in diabetic and non-diabetic cataract low level of serum antioxidant vitamins may be a contributory factor for cataractogenesis.
Role of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in diagnosis of indefinate pulmonary infiltrates
Authors: Gupta Raaghav , Purohit Gopal , Choudhary Balveer
Published: April 2019

Background: Respiratory diseases commonly present and are mostly diagnosed by routine clinical assessment and noninvasive investigations. Bronchoscopy a novel diagnostic tool used in diagnosis of various infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic pulmonary diseases by retrieving samples from bronchial, alveolar and interstitial compartments of patients with lung infiltrates. We prospectively assessed diagnostic utility of bronchoscopy in patients who had respiratory symptoms, radiographic infiltrates and sputum smear is negative for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Despite, recent technical innovations in bronchoscopy, routine FOB is practiced with high yield and cost effectiveness.Methods: A prospective study was performed in which bronchoscopy was performed in 40 patients between August 2018 and January 2019, who had respiratory symptoms, radiographic findings not consistent with any specific diagnostic entity and had sputum smear negative for AFB.Results: Out of total 40 patients, most 30 (75%) patients were from rural areas, more than half 24 (60%) of the patients were males. Out of total 21 (52%) of patients were current smokers. Most common presenting symptoms were cough 22 (55%) and hemoptysis 8 (20%) followed by fever 6 (15%) and weight loss 4 (10%). Tuberculosis was confirmed in 18 (45%) patients. Non tubercular diseases were diagnosed in 22 (55%). Interstitial lung disease (ILD) was diagnosed in 5 (12.5%), lung cancer in 5%, bronhiectasis in 7.5%, pneumonia in 12.5%, lung abscess in 2.5% and non-specific infection in 15%.Conclusions: Diagnostic utility of flexible bronchoscopy is ever growing and has certainly taken a turn from being a luxury to near necessity today. Its association with trivial complications makes it a safe procedure. Hence bronchoscopy should be considered in the evaluation of patients with respiratory symptoms, indefinate radiographic infiltrates and negative sputum AFB test.
Etiology and outcome of patients with viral-induced acute liver failure
Authors: Nabi Tauseef , Rafiq Nadeema
Published: April 2019

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare medical emergency and devastating clinical syndrome associated with high mortality in the absence of immediate intensive supportive care, specific treatment, or liver transplantation. Viral hepatitis is still one of the main causes of ALF in the India as well in world. We aimed to determine the etiology of Viral-ALF and to compare the outcome and clinical and biochemical variables in patients with hepatitis E and non HEV group in this prospective study.Methods: A total of 37 patients with a diagnosis of viral-ALF were included in the study. The variables evaluated were demographic, signs and symptoms, biochemical parameters, severity of liver injury, outcome, complications and duration of hospital stay.Results: Out of 37 Viral-ALF patients, Acute HEV-induced ALF (48.6%) was most common followed by HBV (24.3%) and HAV (21.6%). There were significantly more females in HEV group (61.1%) than non HEV group (21.1%) (P = 0.014). Overall mortality was 20 (54.1%). Mortality was higher in non HEV group (73.7%) than HEV group (33.3%) (P = 0.015). The mean age in HEV group was 30±12.7 years and in non HEV group was 38.1±10.4 years (P = 0.042). Bilirubin, ALT, mean grade of coma and interval between jaundice and encephalopathy were significantly higher in non HEV group than HEV group. MELD Score was higher in non HEV group 32.6±7.9 than HEV group 26.3±7.2 (P = 0.012). Sepsis and renal failure occurred more frequently in non HEV group than HEV group. Duration of hospital stay was also significantly more in non HEV group 11.3±3.3 days versus HEV group was 7.9 ± 2.9 (P = 0.002).Conclusions: HEV was the most frequently associated with Viral-ALF. HEV related ALF disproportionately affected young women. Mortality was higher in non HEV group (73.7%) than HEV group (33.3%). The marked difference in spontaneous survival between HEV and non HEV group can be explained by the severity of hepatic dysfunction on admission and more frequent complications.
A clinico-epidemiological profile of patients with influenza A H1N1 attending a tertiary care hospital in southern Rajasthan region of India
Authors: Singhal Yogesh Kumar , Kothari Nitin
Published: April 2019

Background: Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses). Swine flu cases resurfaced in month of January 2015 in Southern region of India which are continuation of pandemic 2009. Aim of this study is to summaries the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with swine flu as well as to estimate the burden of Influenza A H1N1 (Swine Flu) cases.Methods: A complete data of all the patients visiting swine flu OPDs, swine flu wards and ICU were maintained for year 2015. Each patient visiting either the swine flu OPD or the swine flu ward, who was suspected clinically to be H1N1 positive were tested for real time PCR.Results: Out of 1247 samples tested for rt-PCR 491 (39.37%) cases were identified as positive for H1N1. Maximum swine positivity was seen in the age group of 16-30 year i.e. 147 (29.94%). Overall swine positivity was significantly (<0.001) higher in females than male and extremely statistically significant (p<0.0001) higher in rural areas than urban. Cough was the most common clinical symptoms affecting 469(95.52%) patients followed by fever (92.26%) and breathlessness 402(81.87%).Conclusions: Our study will help epidemiologist and clinician to identify epidemiological factors and clinical picture of swine flu.