bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APIE BENDRAS RUSŲ LITERATŪROS KLASIKOS VERTIMO Į LIETUVIŲ KALBĄ TENDENCIJAS
Authors: Beržaitė Dagnė
Published: December 2017

Straipsnyje aptariami bendri klasikinės rusų literatūros vertimų į lietuvių kalbą bruožai, tarp kurių išsiskiria akivaizdus vertėjų dėmesys poezijai, kai prozoje geriausiu atveju tenkinamasi vos po vieną kokio nors stambesnio epinio kūrinio vertimą, ir tai atliktą dažniausiai daugiau nei prieš pusę amžiaus. Apžvelgdama F. Dostojevskio vertimų istoriją straipsnio autorė teigia, kad lietuviškų rašytojo tekstų leidimų seka galėjo sąlygoti bendrą šio rusų rašytojo kūrybos recepciją Lietuvoje. Lygia greta straipsnyje pateikiama trumpa konkrečių, anksčiau nenagrinėtų lietuviškų Dostojevskio vertimų analizė, leidžianti daryti išvadas, kad seniai išversti svarbiausi rusų literatūros kūriniai šiandien jau nebeatitinka nei reikalavimų, kuriuos kelia literatūrinio vertimo specialistai, nei, svarbiausia, netenkina šiuolaikinio skaitytojo, kuriam rūpi ne tik knygoje papasakota istorija, bet ir savitas autoriaus stilius, ko dažniausiai ir pasigendama rusų klasikos vertimuose.
«КТО ОН, МОЙ ГЛАВНЫЙ ГЕРОЙ?» ПРИНЦИПЫ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЯ ГЛАВНОГО ГЕРОЯ В РОМАНАХ Л. УЛИЦКОЙ
Authors: Сабо Тюнде
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматриваются принципы конструирования образов главных героев-мужчин в четырех романах Л. Улицкой «Казус Кукоцкого», «Искренне ваш Шурик», «Даниэль Штайн, переводчик» и «Лестница Якова». Проведенный анализ свидетельствует, что эти принципы восходят к более раннему источнику, чем психологическая проза XIX века. Особенности героев можно объяснить прежде всего биографизмом и принципами построения «классического характера» – как это понимал М. Бахтин. Кроме того, для романов Л. Улицкой характерен «мультибиографизм», который одновременно с бытовой перспективой биографии героев приводит к релятивизации статуса главного героя, к дегероизации.
БЕГЛЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА НЕРУССКУЮ ИСТОРИЮ СЕВЕРНОЙ СТОЛИЦЫ
Authors: Бурба Домининкас
Published: December 2017

[Bartłomiej Garczyk. Wielonarodowy Petersburg: nierosyjska historia miasta 1703–1917. Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, 2015. 203 s., XCVIII iliustr. s.]
ЗНАКОМСТВО С НАУЧНЫМ ЖУРНАЛОМ ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ФАКТ
Authors: Киселюте Ингрида
Published: December 2017

[Литературный факт: научный журнал. Москва: ИМЛИ РАН, 2016.№ 1–2, № 3]«…любой современник укажет вам пальцем,что такое литературный факт»
«ВОВСЕ НЕ УДОСТОВЕРЕНИЕМ ОПРЕДЕЛЯЕТСЯ ПИСАТЕЛЬ, А ТЕМ, ЧТО ОН ПИШЕТ»: МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ НАУЧНО-ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «М. А. БУЛГАКОВ: РУССКАЯ И НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ» (ЕРЕВАН, 9–11 ОКТЯБРЯ 2017 г.)
Authors: Михайлова Галина
Published: December 2017

...
«В МИРЕ БОЛЬШЕМ, ЧЕМ НАШ, ТЕБЕ ГИДОМ ЩЕПОТКА ЛИ СЛАВЫ ПОСЛУЖИТ…». К 80-ЛЕТИЮ ТОМАСА ВЕНЦЛОВЫ: ЧЕСТВОВАНИЕ ПОЭТА В ВИЛЬНЮСЕ
Authors: Михайлова Галина
Published: December 2017

...
Concentration determination of urinary metabolites of N,N-dimethylacetamide by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yamamoto Shinobu , Matsumoto Akiko , Yui Yuko , Miyazaki Shota , Kumagai Shinji , Hori Hajime , Ichiba Masayoshi
Published: December 2017

Objectives

N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) is widely used in industry as a solvent. It can be absorbed through human skin. Therefore, it is necessary to determine exposure to DMAC via biological monitoring. However, the precision of traditional gas chromatography (GC) is low due to the thermal decomposition of metabolites in the high-temperature GC injection port. To overcome this problem, we have developed a new method for the simultaneous separation and quantification of urinary DMAC metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS).

Methods

Urine samples were diluted 10-fold in formic acid, and 1-μl aliquots were injected into the LC-MS/MS equipment. A C18 reverse-phase Octa Decyl Silyl (ODS) column was used as the analytical column, and the mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol and aqueous formic acid solution.

Results

Urinary concentrations of DMAC and its known metabolites (Nhydroxymethyl-N-methylacetamide (DMAC-OH), Nmethylacetamide (NMAC), and S-(acetamidomethyl) mercapturic acid (AMMA)) were determined in a single run. The dynamic ranges of the calibration curves were 0.05-5 mg/l (r≥0.999) for all four compounds. The limits of detection for DMAC, DMAC-OH, NMAC, and AMMA in urine were 0.04, 0.02, 0.05, and 0.02 mg/l, respectively. Within-run accuracies were 96.5% -109.6% with relative standard deviations of precision being 3.43% -10.31%.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated that the proposed method could successfully quantify low concentrations of DMAC and its metabolites with high precision. Hence, this method is useful for evaluating DMAC exposure. In addition, this method can be used to examine metabolite behaviors in human bodies after exposure and to select appropriate biomarkers.
Continuous improvement of fitness-for-duty management programs for workers engaging in stabilizing and decommissioning work at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Mori Koji , Tateishi Seiichiro , Kubo Tatsuhiko , Kobayashi Yuichi , Hiraoka Ko , Kawashita Futoshi , Hayashi Takeshi , Kiyomoto Yoshifumi , Kobashi Masaki , Fukai Kota , Tahara Hiroyuki , Okazaki Ryuji , Ogami Akira , Igari Kazuyuki , Suzuki Katsunori , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Sakai Kazuhiro
Published: December 2017

Background

Numerous workers have participated in recovery efforts following the accident that occurred at the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the Great East Japan Earthquake. These workers, belonging to various companies, have been engaged in various tasks since the accident. Given the hazards and stress involved in these tasks and the relatively long time required to transport sick or injured workers to medical institutions, it became necessary to quickly implement a more stringent management program for fitness for duty than in ordinary work environments.

Case

It took considerable time to introduce and improve a fitness-for-duty program because of several concerns. Various efforts were conducted, sometimes triggered by guidance from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), but the implementation of the program was insufficient. In April 2016, a new program was initiated in which all primary contractors confirmed that their subcontractors had achieved five conditions for workers’ fitness for duty on the basis of guidance from the MHLW and occupational health experts. TEPCO confirmed that all primary contractors had implemented the program successfully as of the end of November 2016.

Conclusion

Following a disaster, even though the parties concerned understand the necessity of fitness-for-duty programs and that companies in high positions have responsibilities beyond their legal requirements, it is highly possible that they may hesitate to introduce such programs without guidance from the government. It is necessary to prepare a governmental framework and professional resources that introduce these stringent management programs quickly.
Health Problems and Health Care Seeking Behaviour of Rohingya Refugees
Authors: Masud Abdullah Al , Ahmed Md. Shahoriar , Sultana Mst. Rebeka , Alam S.M. Iftekhar , Kabir Russell , Arafat S.M. Yasir , Papadopoulos Konstantinos
Published: December 2017

Background: Rohingya refugees are one of the most vulnerable group due to lack of health care system, personal hygiene, shelter, sanitation and violence.

Aim: The present study aims to find out the health problems and health care seeking behavior of rohingya refugees, to identify the socio-demographic information for such exposure group in relation to age, sex, occupation, living areas, to explore the patient’s physical, emotional, perceptions, attitudes and environmental health problems and to bring out health care seeking behavior of refugees.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 149 samples were selected conveniently for this study from the refugee camps. Data was collected by using mixed type of questionnaire. Descriptive statistic was used for data analysis which has depicted through tables, pie chart and bar chart.

Results: The finding of the study showed that 45.6% participants had multiple problems, followed by 16.8% participants who had other specific problems like musculoskeletal pain, visual problems and peptic ulcer. Urinary tract infection was the leading individual health problem with 11.4% of the sample group having it. 10.7% participants had hypertension, 6% had respiratory tract infection, 3.4% had nutrition deficiency, 4.75% had diabetes mellitus and 1.3% had sanitation & hygiene problems. Among the participants, 68.4% age ranged between 15-59 years. The study showed that, only 16.1% participants were satisfied with the quality of service they received while 37.6% participants said that they needed better services such as more laboratory test, radiological imaging, more medicine and more doctors.

Conclusion: It is clear that refugees suffered from a variety of health problems, because their living condition and environmental situation were not similar like an independent nation. Further, basic amenities like medicines and other services were not available.
Combination of Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Management of Leiomyosarcoma Metastasis
Authors: Rajawat Monali
Published: December 2017

Leiomyosarcoma is a type of a soft tissue sarcoma which is one of the rarest tumor found in the human mankind. It is predominantly localized either in stomach, small intestine or retroperitoneum and often metastasizes to the distant parts like the lungs or liver. The main route of the metastasis is via the bloodstream, however, the lymphatics could also be used as a medium. The etiology of leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is yet unknown to men, but few studies has shown that genetic factors have an important role to play. The treatment options available for LMS metastasis (mets) in liver are very limited which ranges from chemotherapy, radiofrequency ablation and target therapy. Here I discuss a case of LMS mets to the liver managed by a combination therapy of Gemcitabine and Docetaxel.
Universal Health Coverage: A burning need for developing countries
Authors: Zaman Sojib Bin , Hossain Naznin
Published: December 2017

The term of universal health coverage (UHC) are getting popularity among the countries who have not yet attained it. Majority of the developing countries are planning to implement the UHC to protect the vulnerable citizen who cannot afford to buy the health services. Poor people living in developing countries, where there is no UHC, are bereft of getting equal health care. They have to bear a significant amount of health cost in buying different services which often causes catastrophic expenditures for an individual and a family. If a country can provide UHC, it will be possible to bring all the citizens under provision of equal and quality care. However, implementation of a UHC is not an easy phenomenon, rather it needs proper design of a good health insurance system by integrating both the public and private health care providers. The influence of good governance and a sustainable health financing system is fundamental to establish UHC in the developing countries.
Microwave-assisted Eco-Friendly Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Aryl-Triazole-1,3,4-Thiadiazols
Authors: Jaiswal Shalini , Dwivedi Smriti
Published: December 2017

Due to the growing awareness about environmental pollution and environmental legislation, recent years have witnessed a phenomenal increase in the application of microwave irradiation (MW) in organic synthesis. Heterocyclic compounds are abundant in nature and are of great significance to life because their structural subunits exist in many natural products such as vitamins, hormones, and antibiotics; hence, they have attracted considerable attention in the design of biologically active molecules and advanced organic chemistry. The application of molecular diversity technique to drug discovery is a multidisciplinary effort in organic synthesis. Medicinal chemistry concerns with the discovery, development, interpretation and the identification of mechanism of action of biologically active compounds at the molecular level. Encouraged by above reports and as part of our research programme for development of eco-friendly synthetic protocol for biologically active compounds as well as in pursuing of our work on new solvent-free cyclisation here we report the synthesis of aryl-triazalo -1, 3, 4-thidiazoles. The one-pot reaction of mercapto-s-triazole with aromatic acid using AlCl3 as a catalyst under microwave irradiation (2-3 min) and in solvent-free condition gave aryl-triazalo -1, 3, 4-thidiazoles with improved yield is described here.

Keywords: Aryl-triazalo-1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles, Aromatic acid, AlCl3, cyclisation, S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis.
Teaching Anatomy: need or taste?
Authors: Farrokhi Ahmad , Soleymani Nejad Masoume
Published: December 2017

Background: Anatomy is one of the core sections of Basic Medical Sciences. Given the central role of anatomy, the development of medical knowledge and reach new horizons in science is not possible without relying on anatomy. Since in the anatomy science, students are familiar with the basic terms of medical language, the anatomy's hard to know and have a negative attitude towards this course. With these conditions, anatomy professors have an important role in providing incentives for medical students. However, sometimes applying tastes and the entry of too much anatomical detail creates conditions that cut the motivation for medical students. Therefore, this article seeks to offer solutions to cut apply tasteless and coordinate the teaching of anatomy to interest and motivate medical students to increase this lesson.

Keywords: Anatomy, Medical Students.
Reviewers Acknowledgement, 1(2), May-August, 2017
Authors: [JMRI] Editor
Published: December 2017

The Journal of Medical Research and Innovation would like to thank each and every one who has helped us to review the articles. As a small token of appreciation, we would like to mention the names of all the reviewers in random order here who have reviewed the articles for the May-August, 2017 issue. The list will be updated as when more reviewers review the articles.

Varshil Mehta

Shakti Goel

S.M. Arafat

Tushar Kunder

Elizabeth KE

Mateus De Paula Glehn

P.M. Siva

Pradeep Jadhav

Janice D'sa

Arjun Ballal

Nishant Gupta

Shyam Vora

Markus Krings

Narayani Srivastava

Jagannath Mohan
Impact of Improved Cooking Stove on Maternal Health in Rural Bangladesh: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Zaman Sojib Bin , Hossain Naznin , Khandker Salamat
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Two-thirds of all households in developing countries depend on unprocessed biomass fuel for cooking. Traditional stoves have poor combustion capacity which produce heavy smoke and numerous  harmful pollutants. Switching to Improved Cooking Stove (ICS), a well-designed earthen made stove equipped with a chimney could be beneficial for health. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of ICS on maternal health in rural areas of Bangladesh. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted to conduct the study. This study selected 150 Households from 5 villages (intervention) and 150 Households from 2 villages (control) from the Manikgonj District of Bangladesh during January 1, 2012 to July 30, 2012. Differences between control and intervention group were examined by applying t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The conventional cut-off value of 0.05 was taken as statistical significance. Stata (version 13) was used to do the analysis. Results: Most of the respondents (62%) were less than 30 years of age. About 94% participants resided in tin-shaded houses, and 51% kitchens were small. After the intervention period, the measured mean concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) for the intervention and control group was 259 µg/m3 and 1285 µg/m3, respectively (p<0.05). However, lung function test (LFT) did not reveal significant differences between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: ICS reduced the incidence of respiratory illness among the intervention group, however, did not demonstrate significant changes in LFT during the six months of the follow-up period. Therefore, this study found ICS might have the potential to be used to improve the maternal health in rural Bangladesh. However, more longitudinal investigations are expected to demonstrate the efficacy and impact of ICS on maternal health to support the statement.
End Organ Damage in Hypertensive Geriatric Age Group: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kyada Prakashkumar , Jadhav Kunal , Biswas T. K. , Mehta Varshil , Zaman Sojib Bin
Published: December 2017

Objective: Hypertension is one of the common risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases/disorders A developing country like India faces the double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases; of the which, hypertension is the most important treatable cause of mortality and morbidity with loss of functional capacity and decline in the quality of life. Aim: To study the prevalence of end organ damage in the hypertensive geriatric age group. Method: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in 150 elderly patients admitted in MGM Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India with the diagnosis of stage I or II hypertension from 2011 to 2013. Results: Data analysis of the present study showed that 68% of elderly population aged between 60 to 69 years were suffering from hypertension. Compared to males, females had a higher rate of target organ damage. This study found that out of all patients with total end organ damage, 54.6 % had CVS complications, 15.7 % had hypertensive retinopathy, 25.9 % and 18.51 had raised creatinine and proteinuria respectively. 19.4 % had cerebrovascular accident (CVA) complications. Among Cardiovascular related complications Coronary artery disease (CAD) was found in 21 patients, out of them 7 had Congestive cardiac Failure (CCF). Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) was the most common complication and seen in 38 patients. 13.8 % patients had Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA) Conclusion: The present study concluded that Isolated Systolic Hypertension (ISH) is the commonest type of hypertension in geriatric age group. This study concluded that the most common risk factors of HTN in the elderly are sedentary life style, dyslipidemia and extra salt intake while the most common end organ damage was observed to be Left Ventricular Hypertrophy followed by renal dysfunction.
Keywords:  Hypertension,  Isolated Systolic Hypertension, Dyslipidemia.
Is it Difficult to Treat Asthma in Children?
Authors: Mandal Anirban , Sahi Puneet Kaur
Published: December 2017

Asthma, the commonest chronic lung disease in childhood, is managed effectively with inhaled medications in most of the cases. But a subset of pediatric asthma patients continues to experience substantial morbidity even after higher doses of medications; they are referred to as problematic severe asthma. In many such cases, the apparent resistance to therapy is actually due to a number of remediable factors. These cases are called ‘difficult to treat asthma’. The physician dealing with a child with problematic severe asthma needs to follow a systematic step- wise approach to find any possible underlying causes of poor response to therapy. The evaluation starts with revisiting the diagnosis of asthma and goes through a checking the prescription, patient compliance, assessment for co-morbidities, environmental triggers and psychological factors. Only in a very small number of cases where no such remediable factors are identified, a diagnosis of severe therapy-resistant asthma is made and the child should be referred to a pediatric pulmonologist for further evaluation and therapy.

Keywords: Severe therapy-resistant asthma; problematic severe asthma, metered dose inhaler, allergic rhinitis
Editors and Reviewers Acknowledgement, 1(3), September-December, 2017
Authors: Editorial Team JMRI
Published: December 2017

The Journal of Medical Research and Innovation would like to thank each and every one who has helped us to review and edit the articles. As a small token of appreciation, we would like to mention the names of all the editors and reviewers in random order here who have edited or reviewed the articles for the September-December, 2017 issue. The list will be updated as when more reviewers review the articles.

Editors:

Varshil Mehta

Shakti Goel

Sojib Bin Zaman

Reviewers:

Varshil Mehta

Tushar Kunder

Narayani Srivastava

Harsha Makwana

Charu Dutt Arora

Pradeep Jadhav

Arjun Ballal

Assad Mughal

Nasrin Fatahi
ACE Alzheimer’s: The Role of Vitamin A, C and E (ACE) in Oxidative Stress induced Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mehta Varshil , Desai Nimit , Perwez Arshi , Nemade Dipali , Dawoodi Sameer , Zaman Sojib Bin
Published: December 2017

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disease which is known to progress gradually and has now become a substantial health concern through-out the world. Clinically, cognitive declination and progressive dementia are the main characteristics of AD while pathologically; Aß plaques and tau-neurofibrils are the hallmarks. The present literature search has suggested that oxidative stress is one of the most vital risk factor which can potentially lead to the development of AD.
Oxidative stress is known to produce the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which has a potential to increase in the structural and functional abnormalities in the glial cells of the brain and which could further lead to a cognitive decline and subsequently, dementia. Hence, in order to curb this oxidative stress in the glial cells, antioxidants have been proved to be of great help according to the literature search done in PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus. We included Meta-Analysis, Systemic Reviews and Original studies. Vitamins A, C, and E are an example of antioxidants that can be used as adjuvants in the treatment of AD.
This article focuses on the contemporary literature search and presents forward the evidence-based banes of using Vitamin A, C, and E as an adjuvant therapy for preventing and treating AD.
Keywords: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Antioxidants, Alzheimers disease, Adjuvant therapy
How Parents of Children With Cancer Learn About Their Children’s Prognosis
Authors: Sisk Bryan A. , Kang Tammy I. , Mack Jennifer W.
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To determine which prognostic information sources parents find informative and which are associated with better parental understanding of prognosis.

METHODS:

Prospective, questionnaire-based cohort study of parents and physicians of children with cancer at 2 academic pediatric hospitals. We asked parents how they learned about prognoses and evaluated relationships between information sources and prognostic understanding, defined as accuracy versus optimism. We excluded parents with pessimistic estimates and whose children had such good prognoses that optimism relative to the physician was impossible. Analytic cohort of 256 parent-physician pairs.

RESULTS:

Most parents considered explicit sources (conversations with oncologists at diagnosis, day-to-day conversations with oncologists, and conversations with nurses) “very” or “extremely” informative (73%–85%). Implicit sources (parent’s sense of how child was doing or how oncologist seemed to feel child was doing) were similarly informative (84%–87%). Twenty-seven percent (70/253) of parents reported prognostic estimates matching physicians’ estimates. Parents who valued implicit information had lower prognostic accuracy (odds ratio [OR] 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.29–0.88), especially those who relied on a “general sense of how my child’s oncologist seems to feel my child is doing” (OR 0.47; 0.22–0.99). Parents were more likely to use implicit sources if they reported receiving high-quality prognostic information (OR 3.02; 1.41–6.43), trusted the physician (OR 2.01; 1.01–3.98), and reported high-quality physician communication (OR 1.81; 1.00–3.27).

CONCLUSIONS:

Reliance on implicit sources was associated with overly-optimistic prognostic estimates. Parents who endorsed strong, trusting relationships with physicians were not protected against misinformation.
Nitrogén-, foszfor- és kálium-ellátottság hatása a lóbabra (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: Izsáki Zoltán
Published: December 2017

The aim of the research was to study the effect of N, P and K supplies on the nutritional status of faba bean in a long-term mineral fertilisation experiment and to determine the nutrient concentrations and nutrient ratios associated with satisfactory nutritional status. The long-term fertilisation experiment was set up in 1989 on chernozem meadow soil calcareous in the deeper layers, with all possible combinations of four levels each of N, P and K supplies, giving a total of 64 treatments. The present paper discusses the results obtained in 2001 and 2002, which can be summarised as follows:

In all the years the seed yield of faba bean exhibited a significant increase of 9% when the NO3-N content of the 0–60 cm soil layer prior to sowing rose to 76–85 kg ha−1, which could be achieved in most years at the 80 kg ha−1 N fertiliser rate. P fertiliser significantly increased the seed yield up to a soil AL-P2O5 content of 176–183 mg kg−1. The K supplies had no significant effect on the seed yield when the soil AL-K2O content was in the 230–465 mg kg−1 range.

Excessive N supplies (160, 240 kg N ha−1) increased the N and Mn contents of faba bean leaves, while reducing the Fe, Zn and Cu contents. When the AL-P2O5 content of the ploughed layer was 120–339 mg kg−1, greater P supplies induced a higher Ca concentration in the leaves. P–Cu and P–Zn antagonism could be detected at AL-P2O5 contents of 176 mg kg−1 or more, and became more pronounced as the P supply level increased. A significant decline in the Fe content could be detected at soil AL-P2O5 contents of 195 and 339 mg kg−1. When the AL-K2O content of the ploughed layer was in the 229–465 mg kg−1 range, increasing K supplies were associated with higher N and K concentrations. Excessive K supplies resulted in a substantial decline in the Na, Mg and Zn contents of the leaves.

Leaf analysis at the beginning of flowering can be recommended for judging the nutritional status of faba beans. In this phenophase, satisfactory nutritional status is indicated by the following nutrient concentrations in young, fully developed leaves: N 5.3-6.0%, P 0.35–0.45%, K 2.0–3.5%, Na 0.3–1.0%, Ca 0.8–1.3%, Mg 0.35–0.50%, Fe 250–400 mg kg−1, Mn 60–120 mg kg−1, Zn 30–60 mg kg−1 and Cu 3–7 mg kg−1.
Equivalent performance of the cobas® Cdiff test for use on the cobas® Liat® system and the cobas® 4800 system
Authors: Garg Sachin K. , Lu Kyle , Duncan John , Peterson Lance R. , Liesenfeld Oliver
Published: December 2017

Clostridium difficile infection is a significant health burden, and innovative solutions are needed to shorten time to diagnosis and improve infection control. We evaluated the performance of the cobas® Cdiff test for use on the cobas® Liat® System (cobas® Liat® Cdiff), a single-sample, on-demand, and automated molecular solution with a 20-min turnaround time. The limit of detection was 45–90 colony-forming units (CFUs)/swab for toxigenic strains that covered the most prevalent toxinotypes, including the hypervirulent epidemic 027/BI/NAP1 strain. Using 442 prospectively collected clinical stool specimens, we compared the performance of the cobas® Liat® Cdiff to direct culture and to the cobas® Cdiff test on the cobas® 4800 System (cobas® 4800 Cdiff) – a mediumthroughput molecular platform. The sensitivity and specificity of the cobas® Liat® Cdiff compared to direct culture were 93.1% and 95.1%, respectively, and this performance did not statistically differ from the cobas® 4800 Cdiff (P > 0.05). Direct correlation of the cobas® Liat® and cobas® 4800 Cdiff tests yielded overall percent agreement of 98.6%. The test performance, automation, and turnaround time of the cobas® Liat® Cdiff enable its use for on-demand and out-of-hours testing as a complement to existing batch testing solutions like the cobas® 4800 Cdiff.
Computerized Mini-AMTB
Authors: Tennant Jeff , Gardner R.
Published: December 2017

This study investigated a computerized version of the mini-AMTB, a brief form of the Attitude Motivation Test Battery, in CALL. Students in first-year French classes participating in a 10-session independent-study multimedia lab completed the computerized mini-AMTB at the beginning of the fifth and tenth sessions and evaluated their state motivation and anxiety at these times. Results demonstrated that the relationships among the components of integrative motivation (i.e., integrativeness, attitudes toward the learning situation, and motivation) during both sessions mirrored those obtained in other studies using the standard AMTB, that these components correlated predictably with the state measures, and that the measures showed high levels of reliability over the interval between the fifth and tenth session. Other results indicated that achievement on the lab exercises in the fifth session correlated significantly with attitudes toward the learning situation during the fifth session and with an instrumental orientation in the tenth session, while achievement in the tenth session correlated significantly with motivation, integrativeness, and attitudes toward the learning situation in the fifth session and with motivation, integrativeness, and an instrumental orientation assessed during the tenth session. The utility of the mini-AMTB, which requires less than 3 minutes to complete, is discussed.
Electronic Tandem Language Learning (eTandem)
Authors: Cziko Gary
Published: December 2017

Tandem language learning occurs when two learners of different native languages work together to help each other learn the other language. First used in face-to-face contexts, Tandem is now increasingly being used by language-learning partners located in different countries who are linked via various forms of electronic communication, a context that has become known as eTandem. In addition to providing a brief account of the history of Tandem and eTandem, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of electronic communication media suitable for eTandem, both asynchronous and synchronous, from the telephone and email to amateur radio and business-quality videoconferencing. Finally, the Electronic Network for Language And Culture Exchange (ENLACE) is introduced, a Web-based medium through which users of Windows, Macintosh, and Unix-based computers can find language learning partners and engage in eTandem language learning using synchronous text chat alone or in combination with video and/or audio conferencing.
ESL Readers' Perceptions of Reading in Well Structured and Less Structured Hypertext Environment
Authors: Al-Seghayer Khalid
Published: December 2017

Current electronic text formats can hinder the acquisition of main ideas or the central representation of a text unless some structural cues are embedded in the reading environment. This principle is based on the premise of cognitive psychology that learning is a reorganization of cognitive structure and that readers are most likely incapable of performing such a task in a loosely structured presentation or one that lacks explicit organizational devices or structural cues.
The present study qualitatively examines how second language (L2) readers, particularly ESL readers, perceived the efficacy of displaying the underlying structure of hypertext and the ways in which its units or nodes are organized and interrelated help those readers develop a unified, coherent mental representation of hypertext content.
The participants, 40 ESL learners, were assigned to read two hypertext programs--well structured and less structured hypertext--and then sat for semistructured interviews (about 15-20 minutes). During the interview sessions, participants were asked to describe their perceptions of the effectiveness of explicitly showing the underlying structure of hypertext and how marking the organization and interrelationship of information in the hypertext helped them to grasp the main idea or central point of the hypertext.
The interviews were recoded, transcribed, coded, and categorized. The results showed that the ESL learners unanimously favored reading well structured over less structured hypertext and maintained its usefulness of showing the underlying structure of hypertext and how it is organized, thereby enabling them to develop a coherent mental representation of hypertext content, ultimately leading to successful hypertext processing.
Evolutionary Trajectories, Internet-mediated Expression, and Language Education
Authors: Thorne Steven , Payne J.
Published: December 2017

This article describes the evolution of communication technologies, accompanying transformations in everyday communicative activity, and pedagogical possibilities these tools support in second and foreign language (L2) settings. We begin with an overview of synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) and uses of the Internet to mediate intercultural communication for purposes of L2 learning. We then describe generational shifts in Internet technologies and their proliferation and uses, with the majority of our efforts focused on contemporary environments such as blogs, wikis, podcasting, device-agnostic forms of CMC, and advances in intelligent computer-assisted language learning (ICALL). Throughout, we engage in a discussion of praxeological fusions of various media technologies and the implications of this nexus of practice for the transformation of what it means to teach, learn, and communicate in L2 contexts.
Students' Dynamic Assessment Via Online Chat
Authors: Oskoz Ana
Published: December 2017

While there is ample documentation on the use of synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) in the foreign language classroom for instructional purposes (Beauvois, 1994, 1998; Beauvois & Eledge, 1996; Chun, 1994; Darhower, 2002; Kelm, 1992, Kern, 1995; Warschauer, 1996), research devoted to assessment in this area is quite rare (Heather, 2003; Oscoz, 2003). One reason for this lack of research is the process-oriented nature of SCMC that demands new research and evaluation tools (Furstenberg, Levet, English, & Maillet, 2001). This study explores the possibility of applying dynamic assessment (DA), which focuses on process rather than on the product, to SCMC. The study draws on the work of Antón (2003), who examined students' performance in oral interaction following DA techniques and on Aljaafreh and Lantolf's (1994) 5-level scale (based on the frequency and type of assistance provided to the learner) to assess learners' language development in SCMC. The data presented in this study shows that the application of the 5-level scale makes it possible to obtain a more accurate picture of learners' stage of development. In spite of the benefits of DA, the study also suggests that the traditional modes of assessment are still required to assess students' performance in SCMC. As Johnson (2004) stated, both modes are needed to obtain a richer and more complete understanding of students' language development.
'Maison du Mage' Project
Authors: Letesson Quentin , Jusseret Simon
Published: December 2017

This article presents our encounter with the Maison du Mage, an abandoned house in the village of Marsal (Lorraine, France). While highlighting the particular history of the building and the constitution of its complex assemblages, the paper first and foremost aims to address the methodological challenges raised by the shifting nature of this contemporary ruin. It presents the results of our preliminary forays within the house and discusses the difficulty of untangling the material and temporal imbroglio characterizing it. On this basis, the article also provides a general research template which may be of use beyond our particular case study, and may help to stimulate debates on archaeological praxis and encourage a more transparent and systematic appraisal of the practical confrontation with contemporary assemblages.
Flaming Smokestacks
Authors: Orange Hilary
Published: December 2017

In Japan, the trend for ‘factory love’ (Kojo Moe) — appreciating and photographing sites of heavy industry — has led to the development of organized night-time tours to industrialized locations within cities and city-ports. These night-time factory tours (Kojo Yakei) are primarily aimed at the domestic market and are particularly popular with small groups of young Japanese women. This photo essay considers the experience and aesthetics of these night-time urban tours, their social and performative aspects and their relationship to other types of industrial tourism.
Future World
Authors: Dawney Leila Alexandra , Harris Oliver J. T. , Sørensen Tim Flohr
Published: December 2017

Using the 2010 film Into Eternity as a springboard for thought, this article considers how archaeologies of the future might help us make sense of how to seek commonality and take care across vast temporal scales. The film, about a nuclear waste repository in Finland, addresses the impossibility of communicating across millennia. In thinking with this film, we engage with recent responses to the post-human call, arguing that they are inadequate in dealing with the new questions that are asked by post-human thought. Instead, we attempt to engage the work of Spinoza and Sloterdijk in rethinking the human as a strategic position or point of purchase amongst the shared materiality present and future worlds. We offer the concepts of the materially-affective and atmosphere in order to identify points of connection, drawing on moments in Into Eternity to work through these points in a tentative repositioning of the human as a site of concern.
ANÁLISE DE AGRUPAMENTOS ASSOCIADA A DIFRATOMETRIA DE RAIOS-X: UMA CLASSIFICAÇÃO MINERALÓGICA PRÁTICA DE BAUXITAS E SEUS PRODUTOS DE DIGESTÃO BAYER
Authors: Melo Caio César Amorim , Oliveira Kelly Silva , Angélica Rômulo Simões , Paz Simone Patricia Aranha da
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal utilizar a ferramenta de análise de agrupamentos associada a difratometria de raios-X para classificar mineralogicamente horizontes bauxíticos e seus sólidos residuais da digestão Bayer. Foram utilizadas 172 amostras: 168 de horizontes bauxíticos e 4 de finos cauliníticos derivados da lavagem de bauxitas destes horizontes, da Mina Miltônia 3, Paragominas-PA. Os resultados mostram que as fases mineralógicas presentes em todas as amostras de bauxitas foram: gibbsita, caulinita, Al-goethita, hematita e anatásio. Industrialmente, a distinção desses horizontes é feita quimicamente (teor de alumina aproveitável e sílica reativa – medida indireta da quantidade de gibbsita e caulinita, respectivamente). No entanto, através da análise de agrupamentos, tem-se mais um parâmetro para distinção das fases, no caso a “cristalinidade”, apurando a classificação mineralógica/cristaloquímica dos diferentes tipos de bauxitas. Para os sólidos residuais da digestão foi possível observar as fases inertes do processo: Al-goethita, hematita e anatásio; ausência e/ou presença de sodalita, caulinita e gibbsita. Também foi possível pela análise de agrupamentos diferenciar as litologias que continham caulinita(s) mais reativa(s) na digestão Bayer.
VARIAÇÕES GRANULOMÉTRICAS, MINERALÓGICAS E ALCALINAS EM RESÍDUOS INERTIZADOS DA HYDRO ALUNORTE
Authors: Pinheiro Erika Raiol , Fernandez Oscar Jesus Choque , Margalho Emanoelly Valente , Jonas Paulo , Costa Josivaldo Chaves
Published: December 2017

A lama vermelha (LV), resíduo da etapa de clarificação do processo Bayer, possui milhões de toneladas acumuladas em extensas áreas por muitos anos. Para melhor aproveitamento deste resíduo é importante conhecer suas propriedades físicas e mineralógicas em todas as camadas inertizadas. Neste estudo foram avaliadas as variações granulométricas, mineralógicas e alcalinas da lama vermelha da Hydro Alunorte, ao longo de suas camadas inertizadas em um perfil de até 2 m de profundidade por meio de técnicas de caracterização de materiais como: sedimentação, difração de Raios-X e análise de pH. As análises mostram que o resíduo possui granulometria predominantemente na fração silte, ainda com frações menores de argila e areia. Apresentam hematita, goethita, gibbsita, sodalita e anatásio como fases majoritárias. O pH mostra a LV com uma variação de pH de 10,8 a 11,7 fortemente alcalino. O perfil apresentou variações tanto para alcalinidade como para a granulometria, assim como de um ponto para outro na bacia de rejeitos. Mineralogicamente, o perfil das camadas inertizadas apresentou regularidade das fases predominantes. As variações de granulometria e pH foram influenciadas pela topografia da bacia, devido as variações altimétricas, erosões e deslizamentos provocados pelas chuvas e ventos. A alcalinidade e granulometria, analisadas no tempo atual, podem apresentar outros resultados em outro período de estudo. Enquanto que, a mineralogia presente ao longo do depósito  e em profundidade, com os fenômenos  citados acima permanecem potencializando a mesma.
USO DE BIOMASSA DE MICROALGA PARA BIOSSORÇÃO DE LANTANÍDEOS
Authors: Heidelmann Gisele Petronilho , Roldão Tamine Martins , Egler Sílvia Gonçalves , Nascimento Marisa , Giese Ellen Cristine
Published: December 2017

As algas e microalgas vêm sendo estudadas quanto à sua habilidade em biossorver elementos de terras-raras através da troca iônica com grupos ligantes presentes na superfície dos revestimentos celulares. Assim, o presente trabalho buscou avaliar a capacidade da biomassa liofilizada da microalga Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta) na biossorção do lantânio-La, visando seu uso na separação de terras-raras. Os ensaios de biossorção de La foram conduzidos em batelada, onde suas concentrações residuais foram determinadas com o uso de ICP-OES. Constatou-se que a biossorção de espécies iônicas de La foi dependente do pH inicial de cada ensaio. A capacidade de biossorção foi maior em valores de pH mais baixos. Uma vez que o ponto de carga zero foi determinado em valor de pH 5,59, pode-se concluir que espécies aniônicas de La estejam presentes em solução. Os valores de qmáx revelam a capacidade de biossorção de espécies iônicas de La pela biomassa de C. vulgaris, a qual apresentou um valor de 1,11 mg/g (0,8 mmol/g). As isotermas demonstraram que, nas condições experimentais avaliadas, a biossorção de La ocorre de acordo com o modelo proposto por Freundlich, em um processo de adsorção reversível em sistema heterogêneo.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DE BIOMASSA BACTERIANA IMOBILIZADA NA BIOSSORÇÃO DE TERRAS-RARAS LEVES E MÉDIAS
Authors: Coimbra Nice Vasconcelos , Nascimento Marisa , Giese Ellen Cristine
Published: December 2017

A busca por fontes alternativas de recuperação e separação dos elementos puros de terras-raras (TRs) é vista como uma ação prioritária e estratégica por diversos países demandantes desses elementos. Em alternativa aos processos clássicos de extração de TRs, o processo de biossorção vem sendo avaliado, em uma combinação da biotecnologia e metalurgia extrativa. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho buscou avaliar a capacidade da biomassa imobilizada da bactéria Bacillus subtilis na biossorção de lantânio (TR leve) e samário (TR médio), visando seu uso na separação desses elementos. As maiores porcentagens de biossorção de lantânio (La) e samário (Sm) em sistemas mono-elementares corresponderam à 94,4% e 94,9%, respectivamente, a partir de concentrações iguais (Ci) à 15 mg/L. Em soluções com Ci = 100 mg/L, 89,3% de La e 91,9% de Sm foram biossorvidos. O mesmo comportamento pode ser observado para a solução bi-elementar La+Sm, onde 79,9% de La e 88,8% de Sm foram biossorvidos em soluções com Ci = 15 mg/L, e, 69,4% de La e 83,4% de Sm foram biossorvidos em Ci =100 mg/L. A aplicação dos dados obtidos aos modelos de adsorção de Langmuir e Freundlich demostrou que as isotermas de adsorção obtidas para La e Sm em ambos os sistemas avaliados foram satisfatórias para ambos os modelos, sugerindo a ocorrência da biossorção em monocamada assim como condições heterogêneas na superfície, onde ambas condições podem co-existir sob as condições experimentais testadas.
AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DO DIÂMETRO DOS CORPOS MOEDORES NO PROCESSO DE MOAGEM DE BOLAS DA AGA-CUIABÁ
Authors: Gomes Wellington Lacerda , Delboni Junior Homero , Gomes Lucas Paulo Rodrigues , Silva Tiago Alvarenga Vitorino , Jatobá Thiago Luis Alves , Giacon Vitor Pastorelli
Published: December 2017

O circuito industrial de moagem de bolas da AGA-Cuiabá, Sabará-MG, consiste de um circuito direto fechado com hidrociclones. Um estudo para redução do diâmetro dos corpos moedores de reposição, com o intuito de promover uma maior fragmentação no interior do moinho e, consequentemente, geração de um produto mais fino ou aumento da produção, por meio da redução da carga circulante. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do moinho de bolas da AGA-Cuiabá operando com diferentes diâmetros de corpos moedores. O estudo foi baseado em duas abordagens, uma industrial na qual foi estabelecido um diagnóstico atualizado e detalhado do desempenho do circuito industrial. A base para tal diagnóstico foi uma amostragem global do circuito, a partir da qual foram realizadas calibrações de modelos matemáticos de processo para cada um dos equipamentos, bem como a integração dos mesmos para representar a operação típica do circuito, tal plataforma foi denominada de Caso Base. A segunda consistiu em ensaios de moagem em batelada, com diferentes distribuições de corpos moedores. Deste modo, a partir do Caso Base foram simulados cenários com redução do diâmetro de corpos moedores de reposição do circuito industrial, os quais foram comparados com os resultados obtidos nos ensaios em laboratório a fim de consolidar e validar os resultados simulados. Portanto, o trabalho apresentou um método para avaliar o desempenho do diâmetro de corpos moedores em moinho de bolas baseado em modelagem matemática e simulação, assim como em ensaios de moagem em batelada.
DEVELOPMENT, ESSENCE AND SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL AND CABLE-STAYED COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
Authors: G. M. Gasii
Published: December 2017

Purpose. In construction there is a need to create new structures, including spatial coverage systems, the use of which will save materials and reduce the complexity of assembling processes and manufacturing. Summarizing the results of preliminary theoretical study of existing types of spatial structures, purpose of the article is to find perspective directions for the development of new structures, which would be deprived of the drawbacks of analogues while ensuring the economic effect due to the rational use of materials and energy saving. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, the research of constructive solutions of various spatial systems was carried out. There were analyzed domestic and foreign patent databases and the results of experimental tests and theoretical studies. Findings. The main stages of development for a new type of spatial structure (spatial structural and cable-stayed composite structure) are highlighted. Information on the features of its structure is given. Spatial structural and cable-stayed composite structures are a completely new type of spatial bearing systems, which, due to the original constructive decision, have a wide field of application. The basic element of created structures is the modular element that has the shape of a thorough pyramid and consists of a plate and tubular rods. Modular elements are manufactured in factories. Straight and curved structures, as well as various bearing systems and their combinations can be made of modules. Originality. The author has formulated a concept of original constructive forms and their supporting elements. New types of spatial structural and cable-stayed composite structures for buildings and constructions of different purposes were proposed and created. Practical value. Designed cable-stayed structures have a wide field of application, they can be used for industrial and civil construction. The use of created structures in the construction of buildings and structures can provide a significant economic effect due to the rational use of materials and energy saving at the stage of manufacturing and installation.