bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formación Inicial Docente en Educación Física, paradigmas de la formación desde la percepción del for-mador de formadores, lineamientos ministeriales y mallas curriculares: estudio de caso (Initial Teacher Training in Physical Education, paradigms of training from the perception of the trainer of trainers, ministerial guidelines and curricular networks: case study)
Authors: Poblete-Valderrama Felipe , Illanes Aguilar Lucia , Linzmayer Gutiérrez Luis , Cenzano Castillo Lizette , Quintana Figueroa Claudia , Garrido-Méndez Alex , Rivas Morales Cristian , Hetz Rodríguez Katherine
Published: June 2023

La presente investigación presentó un análisis de elementos que norman e interactúan con la Formación Inicial Docente (FID) en Pedagogía en Educación Física (PEF) con el objetivo de conocer mediante un estudio de caso regional cómo se configuran los paradigmas de la FID en PEF considerando la percepción de formador de formadores, mallas curriculares y lineamientos ministeriales. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, el análisis de datos se realizó a través de teoría fundamentada con el apoyo del programa estadístico Atlas.ti. La recolección de información se efectuó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis de documentación ministerial formal vigente al 2021. Los resultados exponen los paradigmas que predemoninan desde la percepción de los formadores de formadores y las mallas curriculares analizadas (biológico-deportivo), mientras que los lineamientos ministeriales entregan una regulación a considerar relacionada con sistemas de aseguramiento de la calidad desde una mirada normativa. En conclusión, se aprecia una consistencia a nivel teórico en cuanto al cumplimiento de estándares solicitados, pero una inconsistencia entre la demanda actual y sentida de la FID en PEF.
Palabras Claves: Formación del profesorado, Educación Superior, Normativas legales, Estándares Formativos, Pedagogía.
Abstract. The present investigation presented an analysis of elements that regulate and interact with the Initial Teacher Training (FID) in Pedagogy in Physical Education (PEF) with the objective of knowing through a regional case study how the FID paradigms are configured in PEF considering the perception of trainer of trainers, curriculum and ministerial guidelines. A qualitative approach was used, data analysis was performed through grounded theory with the support of the Atlas.ti statistical program. The collection of information was carried out through semi-structured interviews and analysis of formal ministerial documentation in force until 2021. The results expose the paradigms that predict from the perception of the trainers of trainers and the analyzed curricula (biological-sports), while the ministerial guidelines They provide a regulation to consider related to quality assurance systems from a normative perspective. In conclusion, there is consistency at a theoretical level in terms of compliance with the requested standards, but an inconsistency between the current and felt demand of the FID in PEF.
Key Words: Teacher training, Higher Education, Legal regulations, Training Standards, Pedagogy.
After scoring the first goal, is the team more vulnerable to suffer the equalizer soon after? An analysis of the Brazilian soccer Championship Serie A between 2011 and 2021
Authors: Silva Jonathas Tomich Lindberg e , Santos Suhey Salim Ferreira dos , Cordeiro Leandro Batista , Lopes Fernando Joaquim Gripp , Santos Jonatas Ferreira da Silva
Published: June 2023

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether, after scoring a goal, the team becomes more vulnerable to conceding a goal soon after. A total of 518 results were collected and integrated the data of the present study. The independent Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. The values of adjusted residue were observed, and all values outside the range of -1.96 to 1.96 were considered. All analyzes were performed using α = 5%. The scoring goal equalizer moment happened in the first-quarter 109 matches (21.0%), second-quarter 156 matches (30.1%), third-quarter 127 matches (24.5%), and fourth-quarter 126 matches (24.3%), totalizing 518 (100%) matches, but no association between season and scoring goal equalizer moment (χ² (30) = 28.196, p>0.05; Cramer’s V test: 0.135). The data collected showed that the equalizing goal can occur at different moments of the game, not only right after the first goal is score.
AA-SES (Aerobic athlete self-efficacy scale) for measuring the self-efficacy of aerobic exercise athletes in obtaining sports achievement (design and validation)
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Andi , Mumpuni Sesya Dias , Maynawati Aldila Fitri Radite Nur , Bulkani Bulkani , Fatchurahman Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Self-efficacy relates to a person's belief in completing certain activities to achieve specific results. Self-efficacy for aerobic exercise athletes is one of the determinants of success in getting the title of champion. Self-efficacy for aerobic exercise athletes needs to be considered carefully, so it is necessary to develop standardized and valid instruments to measure the self-efficacy of aerobic athletes. The researchers developed and validated instruments with SEM-PLS to answer the research questions above. The total number of participants who took part was 205 from several provinces in Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SEM PLS 4. The results showed that from the results of the validation test and factor analysis, it was found that 18 items were declared eligible and fulfilled the requirements of a self-efficacy scale for aerobic exercise athletes. The 18 items are divided into three main dimensions: level, strength, and generality. From the findings of this study, the resulting scale was named the AA-SES (Aerobic athlete self-efficacy scale). The results of this study provide a clear picture of how trainers can measure the self-efficacy of aerobic exercise athletes.
Keywords: self-efficacy, aerobic exercise, design validation
Programa de prevención de la obesidad a través del uso de una aplicación móvil. Protocolo de intervención (Obesity prevention program through the use of a mobile application. Intervention protocol)
Authors: Navidad Cobo Lorenzo , Padial-Ruz Rosario , Rojas Ruiz Fernando
Published: June 2023

La obesidad infantil se está convirtiendo en un problema grave de salud, por lo que es necesario el diseño de programas escolares que den solución a esta situación. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar una intervención preventiva de la obesidad infantil en escolares de primaria, centrada en la educación nutricional y el aumento de la actividad física (AF), a través del uso de las nuevas tecnologías como elemento motivador. La muestra está formada por 80 estudiantes del tercer ciclo de Educación Primaria, 38 chicos y 42 chicas de edades comprendidas entre 10 y 13 años. Para el desarrollo del programa de fomento de la AF y de la alimentación saludable, los participantes se dividen en dos grupos que llevan a cabo el mismo programa, pero un grupo además utiliza la aplicación móvil (app) «Class Dojo» como refuerzo del mismo. De esta forma esperamos mejorar el conocimiento sobre alimentación saludable y el nivel de AF de los escolares y que esto en el futuro pueda tener un impacto significativo sobre su índice de masa corporal (IMC).
Palabras clave: Intervención, obesidad infantil, alimentación, actividad física, nuevas tecnologías, educación primaria.
Abstract. Childhood obesity is becoming a serious health problem, so it is necessary to design school programs that provide a solution to this situation. Therefore, the objective of this work is to design a preventive intervention for childhood obesity in primary school children, focused on nutritional education and increased physical activity (PA), using new technologies as a motivating element. The sample is made up of 80 students from the third cycle of Primary Education, 38 boys and 42 girls between the ages of 10 and 13. For the development of the program to promote PA and healthy eating, the participants are divided into two groups that carry out the same program, but one group also uses the "Class Dojo" mobile app (app) to reinforce it. Consequently, we hope to improve the nutrition knowledge and the PA level of schoolchildren and that this in the future can have a significant impact on their body mass index (BMI).
Keywords: Intervention, childhood obesity, nutrition, physical activity, new technologies, primary education.
Integración de la actividad física en el aula y sus efectos físicos y cognitivo-académicos. Una revisión sistemática y una guía práctica educativa (Integration of physical activity into the classroom and its physical and cognitive-academic effects. A systematic review and educational practical guide)
Authors: Cámara Martínez Alba , Martínez López Emilio J. , Suarez-Manzano Sara , Brandao Loureiro Vânia , Ruiz Ariza Alberto
Published: June 2023

Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar los estudios de intervención educativa sobre los efectos de la integración de la actividad física en el aula y sus efectos físicos, rendimiento cognitivo y académico en escolares de entre cuatro y ocho años. Se recuperaron 17 estudios de intervención realizados entre diciembre de 2010 y diciembre de 2022 en cuatro bases de datos. Todos los artículos mostraron que la integración de la actividad física en las clases académicas es beneficiosa para mejorar el rendimiento físico, cognitivo y académico, pero estos efectos variaron según el tipo, la duración y la intensidad de la actividad física empleada. Se discuten las implicaciones de incluir la IPA (Actividad Física Integrada) en las lecciones escolares, en base a las teorías del “aprendizaje corpóreo” y la “teoría de la carga cognitiva”, entre otras, y se ofrece una guía práctica con recomendaciones para la implementación de programas de lecciones activas en el contexto escolar. Finalmente, se sugiere seguir indagando en la temática y analizando los efectos de este tipo de metodología sobre algunas variables específicas, como las funciones ejecutivas o la motivación por las clases escolares.
Palabras clave: actividad física integrada, rendimiento cognitivo, rendimiento académico, educación física, clases activas.
Abstract. This systematic review aimed to analyze educational intervention studies on the effects of integrating physical activity in the classroom and its effects on physical, cognitive, and academic performance in schoolchildren aged four to eight years. Seventeen intervention studies conducted between December 2010 and December 2022 were retrieved from four databases. All articles showed that integrating physical activity into academic classes is beneficial in improving physical, cognitive, and academic performance, but these effects varied according to the type, duration, and intensity of physical activity employed. The implications of including IPA (Integrated Physical Activity) in school lessons are discussed, based on the theories of "embodied learning" and "cognitive load theory", among others, and a practical guide with recommendations for the implementation of active lesson programs in the school context is offered. Finally, it is suggested to continue investigating the subject and analyzing the effects of this type of methodology on some specific variables, such as executive functions or motivation for school classes.
Key words: integrated physical activity, cognitive and academic performance, physical education, active lessons.
As Provas de Aferição em Educação Física no 1º CEB - O olhar dos pais e encarregados de educação
Authors: Neves Rui , Morato Almeida Diana , Capela Arminda
Published: June 2023

As Provas de Aferição em Educação Física (PAEF) integram um processo de avaliação externa dos alunos da escola do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (1º CEB) e do desenvolvimento do currículo da área de Educação Física (EF) neste nível. Assim, a opinião e visão dos pais e encarregados de educação (PEE) acerca das PAEF, parece-nos ser um fator relevante. Neste trabalho analisam-se a forma como 127 PEE dos alunos do 2º ano de escolaridade percecionam as PAEF desenvolvidas na escola do 1º CEB, com base nos dados recolhidos através de um questionário. As questões sobre as PAEF incidiram sobre: i) identificação do seu conhecimento; ii) caraterização da perceção dos seus objetivos e conteúdo e iii) conhecimento do nível de impacte destas nos seus educandos. A informação foi tratada em termos de análise de conteúdo, tendo sido criada para uma das questões um conjunto de categorias de análise. Os resultados evidenciaram que um número muito relevante de PEE conhecem as PAEF, e consideram que estas têm um valor muito positivo para a evolução dos seus educandos, pelo seu papel de avaliação formativa. Ao mesmo tempo que consideram que as PAEF despertam um forte interesse nos seus educandos. Poderemos concluir que os PEE conhecendo as PAEF consideram-nas muito positivamente, sendo capazes de identificar objetivos e conteúdos, com impacte e interesse nos alunos.
Palavras-chave:  pais e encarregados de educação, provas de aferição, educação física, escola 1º ceb
Experiencias y vivencias de mujeres cicloactivistas en la promoción de la bicicultura en Santiago de Chile (Experiences women’s bicycling activists in the promotion of biciculture in Santiago de Chile)
Authors: Troncoso Robles Dri Manfiolete Sandra Soledad , Dri Manfiolete Troncoso Leandro , Ortiz de Zárate Fernández Amalia
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del artículo es presentar las experiencias y vivencias de mujeres líderes cicloactivistas que promueven la bicicultura en Santiago de Chile. La trayectoria metodológica se ha realizado a través del fenómeno situado (Fenomenología). Los criterios de selección utilizados para las cinco mujeres entrevistadas son: a) ser mujer cicloactivista; b) participar activamente en organizaciones ciudadanas; c) desarrollar proyectos político-pedagógicos con bicicletas. En la construcción de los resultados, emergieron dos categorías temáticas y seis unidades de significado: 1) “Pedalear con seguridad en la ciudad” comformada por planificación urbana equitativa, percepción de la mujer ciclista urbana y educación para el uso de la bicicleta; 2) “Promoción de la bicicultura,” conformada por participación ciudadana en la política institucional, creación de espacios colaborativos y organización de eventos cicloactivistas. Consideramos que el discurso femenino cicloactivista chileno sobre la práctica social ciclismo urbano, busca integrar diversos actores a través de la promoción de la bicicultura.
Palabras clave: ciclismo; movilidad activa; construcción social de género; derechos humanos; política pública.
Abstract. The objective this article presenting experiences womens cycleactivist leaders who promote bicycling culture in Santiago de Chile. The methodology implemented is situated phenomenon (Phenomenology). The selection criteria for the five women interviewed: a) being a cycling activist; b) participating actively in citizen organizations; c) developing political-pedagogical projects related promotion bicycling. The results show two thematic categories and six units meaning: 1) "Cycling safely in the city" made up equitable urban planning; perception of urban female bicyclists; and education for the use bicycles; 2) "Promotion of bicycling" made up citizen participation in institutional policy, creation of collaborative spaces and organization bicycling events. We consider Chilean cycle-activist female discourse in relation social practice urban cycling seeks integrating various factors through promotion bicycling.
Keywords: bicycling; active commuting; social construction of gender; human rights; public policy.
The methodological basis for increasing the internal intellectual potential of physical education and sports students
Authors: Kuvatov Askar , Zhilgeldinov Soltanbek , Zhumataeva Engilika
Published: June 2023

The intellectual potential of a person is closely related to the concept of intellectual capital as a component of human capital. This study aims to consider intellectual potential based on available psychometric methods and establish correlations between this potential and demographic and other easily observable factors. The study involved 128 students from universities and colleges of physical culture and sports located in Pavlodar (Republic of Kazakhstan). The study revealed a strong correlation between the level of academic achievement of the participants and the results of tests of general and implicit intellectual abilities (CCAT and IO4). Also, no significant correlations were found between the results of these tests and the factors of gender, age, and the year of study. A strong correlation was observed between the results of the two tests, which may indicate a close relationship between constantly used and hidden intellectual abilities. The research results can be used to improve the quality of training physical education teachers. The measurement and methodologically correct development of the intellectual potential of teachers multiplies the subsequent increase in human capital at the expense of their prospective students.
Keywords: cognitive abilities; cross-disciplinary learning; intellectual capital; intellectual development; physical education.
Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in Pull-Up Exercise with Elastic Resistance Training in Tac-tical Personnel
Authors: Vargas-Molina Salvador , Rojas-Jaramillo Andrés , Chulvi-Medrano Ivan , Carbone Leandro , Ramirez-Salgado Ulises , Bonilla Diego A , García-Sillero Manuel
Published: June 2023

The Pull-up (PU) is a multi-joint upper body exercise that is included in the physical fitness assessments for tactical occupations such as police, firefighters, and military personnel. This study aimed to evaluate the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) in the PU exercise using elastic resistance training (ERT) and traditional resistance training (RT). A total of 18 resistance-trained male firefighters (28.3 [5.6] years; 178.1 [6.8] cm; 78.1 [8.2] kilograms; 24.6 [2.4] kg·m-2) participated in the study and performed four PAPE protocols in a cross-over fashion. Two protocols consisted of three sets of 3 repetitions at 75 and 85% of the maximum repetition (RM) in the lat pull down (LPD-M and LPD-H, respectively). The other two protocols consisted of three sets of 3 repetitions using elastic bands for vertical traction (VTEB) at “moderate” (VTEB- M) and “hard” intensity (VTEB-H), based on the Thera Band perceived exertion scale. Repetitions until failure in the PU exercise were measured before and after the application of the four protocols, with an 8-minute pause before and after the PAPE. Results showed a significant increase on repetitions until exhaustion after all PAPE protocols: LPD-M (P=0.007, d=0.19), LPD-H (P=0.023, d=0.17), VTEB-M (P=0.01, d=0.13) and VTEB-H (P=0.001, d=0.28). The use of ERT and traditional RT at moderate and high intensities represent a proper stimulus for the generation of PAPE in the PU.
Keywords: Physical performance, conditioning activity, warm-up exercise, muscle power
Análisis de la participación española en los Juegos Paralímpicos desde una perspectiva de género y discapacidad (Analysis of Spanish participation in the Paralympic Games from a gender and disability perspective)
Authors: Fernández González Alejandro , Giménez Fuentes-Guerra Javier , Abad Robles Manuel Tomás , Castillo Viera Estefanía
Published: June 2023

La doble discriminación que sufre la mujer con discapacidad limita su participación en los diferentes escenarios sociales; también en el contexto deportivo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la participación y los resultados del equipo femenino español en los Juegos Paralímpicos de verano celebrados desde Sídney’00 hasta Río de Janeiro’16, y compararlos tanto con la mujer sin discapacidad como con los hombres. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo donde se comparó la participación y los resultados de ambos sexos. Los datos revelaron los mejores resultados obtenidos por las deportistas españolas con discapacidad respecto de los deportistas masculinos, a pesar de su menor representación en el deporte Paralímpico. Las conclusiones siguen poniendo de manifiesto la situación de doble vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentra este colectivo.
Palabras clave. Mujer, discapacidad, discriminación, deportistas Paralímpicas.
Abstract. The double discrimination suffered by women with disabilities restrict their participation in different social contexts, including sports. The purpose of this research was to analyse the participation and results of the Spanish women’s team in the 21th Century Summer Paralimpic Games, from Sidney’00 to Rio de Janeiro’16, and to compare it to both with women without disabilities and with men. A descriptive analysis was carried out where the participation and results of both genders were compared. The data revealed that Spanish sportswomen with disabilities got better results than male athletes despite their lower participation in Paralympic sports. The conclusions of this article continue evidencing the situation of double vulnerability of this group of women.  
Keywords. Woman, disability, discrimination, Paralympics sportswomen.
Effect of a program adapted the "Hopscotch" on the sense of rhythm in the movements of russian children. Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Polevoy Georgiy , Fuentes-Barría Héctor
Published: June 2023

Objective: To determine the effect of using a standard classics exercise on the development of indicators of sense the rhythm of movements of children 8-9 years old. Methods: Quasi-exoerimental study with intervention group (n = 52) and control group (n = 52), whose sample considered children belonging to ordinary school number 60 of the Russian Federation. The experimental group was subjected to classic exercises adapted from the game "Hopscotch", while the control group was applied the standard school physical culture program at school. The ability to feel the rhythm of the movements was assessed by the "Running in rhythm" test, while for the statistical analysis the Student's T test was applied considering p=0,05. Results: After the end of the pedagogical experiment, the indicators of children in the control group improved by 2.8% (p>0,05; d =0,3). The indicators of children in the experimental group improved by 24.7% (p<0,05; d=2,7). Such results can be explained by the effectiveness of the implementation of a set of exercises using a standard classics exercise in physical education lessons at school. Conclusion: The indicators of the sense of the rhythm of movements will significantly improve if children aged 8-9 will additionally perform a set of physical exercises on standard classics exercise during physical education lessons at school.
Keywords: Physical Education and Training; Motor Skills; Child.
La evaluación de los Trabajos Fin de Grado en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado de Educación Física: de una evaluación presencial a una evaluación on-line (The assessment of Final Year Projects in Physical Education Pre-service Teacher Education: from a face-to-face assessment to an on-line assessment)
Authors: Fernández Garcimartín Carla , López Pastor Víctor Manuel , Fuentes-Nieto Teresa , Hortigüela Alcalá David
Published: June 2023

Este estudio analiza cómo se realizó la evaluación de los Trabajos de Fin de Grado (TFG) en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado  de Educación Física (EF) durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 en una Facultad de Educación. Se realiza un estudio de metodología mixta con dos instrumentos de recogida de datos: un cuestionario online “ad hoc” (40 profesores y 54 alumnos del Grado de Maestro en EF), y una entrevista en profundidad a uno de los dos coordinadores de Grado. Los cambios realizados en la evaluación fueron: (1) defensa online del TFG; (2) adaptación de los instrumentos a una evaluación online; (3) subida de documentación de TFG a la sede electrónica de la Facultad; (4) libertad del tutor para contactar con el alumno; (5) elaboración de listas de control. Según la mayoría de los alumnos, el confinamiento afectó a la evaluación de los TFG. Los profesores indican que los cambios funcionaron bien, aunque muestran preferencias por la evaluación presencial. Se presentan las fortalezas y debilidades del proceso de evaluación, así como posibles soluciones.
Palabras clave: Formación Inicial del Profesorado, Educación Física; Evaluación, Trabajo Fin de Grado, Pandemia.  
Abstract. This study analyses how the assessment of the Final Year Projects (FYP) in the Pre-service Teacher Education  of Physical Education (PE) was carried out during the confinement by COVID-19 in a Faculty of Education. A mixed methodology study was carried out with two data collection instruments: an "ad hoc" online questionnaire (40 teachers and 54 students of the Degree of PE Teacher), and an in-depth interview with one of the two coordinators of the Degree. The changes made in the assessment were: (1) online defense of the FYP; (2) adaptation of the instruments to an online assessment; (3) uploading of FYP documentation to the Faculty's electronic site; (4) freedom of the tutor to contact the student; (5) preparation of checklists. According to most of the students, the confinement affected the assessment of the FYP. The professors indicate that the changes worked well, although they show preferences for face-to-face assessment. Strengths and weaknesses of the assessment process are presented, as well as possible solutions.
Keywords: Pre-service Teacher Education; Physical Education; Assessment; Final Year Project; Pandemic.
Variables associated with the performance of a male European professional rugby team. Analysis of the regular season
Authors: Guerrero Sergio , Pardo Pere , Piedra Aitor , Albesa-Albiol Lluis , Sanchez Jose Antonio , Peña Javier , Daza Gabriel , Solé Joan , Caparrós Toni
Published: June 2023

The main objective of this study was to identify the relationship between performance parameters and the probability that a team will win or lose during regular season games. A retrospective observational study of a professional rugby team with thirty players and sixteen regular season games was conducted. Analyzes included the following metrics: open play carries, winline success, gainline failure, good pass, average pass, bad pass, good kick, average kick, bad kick, effective ruck, ruck ineffective, dominant tackle, neutral tackle, passive tackle, assisted tackle, missed tackle, defender in position, good offload, kick fielded, kick fielded unsuccessful, loose ball, interception, turnover made, line break, yellow card , red card, penalty awarded, try scored, injury, player out, player on, successful kick at goal, missed kick at goal, lineout, lineout won, scrum, scrum won, return to play, ruck speed and tackle completion. No single parameter could be directly related to profit or loss. However, four parameters when pooled could be associated with winning during the analyzed season (r = 0.897, r2 = 0.805, adjusted r = 0.635, p < 0.05): win-line success (p < 0.002), effective ruck (p<0.009), dominant tackle (p<0.018) and assisted tackle (p<0.029). In this specific context, coaches and professionals should pay more attention to these specific actions to improve team performance.
Keywords: performance, breakdown, gain, ruck, tackle
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Pasif
Authors: Talaohu Abdussalam Ramdani , Sopacua Margie Gladies , Leasa Elias Zadrach
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law Number 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of the Crime of Money Laundering. In this article, the maximum penalty is 5 years and a maximum fine of Rp. 1,000,000,000 (one billion rupiah). However, in the case of Faradibah Jusuf and his colleagues, one of the defendants on behalf of Soraya Pelu committed the crime of passive money laundering but was sentenced to 15 years in prison and a fine of five hundred million rupiah. This criminal provision exceeds the maximum criminal provisions in Article 5 paragraph (1). In addition, in this case there are 2 other suspected perpetrators, namely the initials DN and AMT, the closest people to the perpetrator Faradiba Yusuf, who is suspected of committing a passive money laundering crime, not being prosecuted and sentenced according to Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law Number 8 of 2010 concerning Prevention and Eradication of the Crime of Money Laundering.

Purposes of the Research:  This study aims to examine: Criminal liability against perpetrators of passive money laundering and the system of evidence for passive money laundering.

Methods of the Research: The type of research used is normative, which is focused on providing explanations that explain a particular category. Approach the problem of the statute approach (statute approach) and the conceptual approach (conceptual approach). The collection of legal materials through primary legal materials is then free from secondary legal materials. The processing and analysis of legal materials is described in a qualitative way with the aim of describing the findings in the field.

Results of the Research: Criminal responsibility for the crime of money laundering can be imposed on criminals who receive funds or assets from the criminal subject to which criminal liability is required. There is a dissenting opinion from Judge Member 1 on Decision Number 5/Pid.Sud-TPK/2020/PN Amb, which basically explains that Judge Member 1 differs in opinion because according to Judge Member 1, the punishment for each of them must refer to the guidelines that have been set, issued by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia as contained in Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) Number 1 of 2020 dated 27 July 2020. This difference of opinion concerns the roles of each which are not the same as each other, causing unequal punishment.
Prinsip In Absensia Dalam Pemeriksaan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Due Process of Law
Authors: Atapary Adolf Erens , Pasalbessy John Dirk , Wadjo Hadibah Zachra
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Courts in absentia in corruption have been pros and cons to date, there is an assumption that court in absentia is a violation of human rights because it is related to the human rights of the accused as a human being who has the right to defend himself in court, on the other hand The trial in absentia can be carried out as long as the whereabouts of the defendant are not known at all so that he cannot be presented at the trial trial due to running away (fugitive).

Purposes of the Research:  This writing aims to analyze and explain the existence of justice in absentia in the implementation of the criminal justice system in Indonesia in accordance with the principle of due process of law, to analyze and discuss the nature of the principle of due process of law in ensuring legal certainty and justice in the examination of criminal cases.

Methods of the Research: Normative research method with the type of research is qualitative analysis. The problem approach used is the statute approach, the conceptual approach and the case approach. The sources of legal materials used are Primary legal materials, Secondary legal materials, and Tertiary legal materials and are used as a technique for collecting legal materials, then processing and analyzing legal materials through methods of interpretation, harmonization, systematic and legal discovery.

Results of the Research: The results of the study indicate that the judiciary in absentia can be implemented and does not violate human rights as long as it is implemented through the correct procedure and based on the provisions of the law. The trial in absentia aims to break the deadlock in the examination of defendants who are not present at the trial and efforts to save state finances, both those that have been corrupted and those that are still suspected of being related to corruption cases, both those that have been confiscated and those that have not been confiscated to be confiscated for the State through a court decision.
Competence of The Court In Adjudicating Corruption Cases Committed By Officials Based On Discretionary Authority
Authors: Widhartama I Gede , Salmon Hendrik , Mustamu Julista
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Discretion As freedom of acting or making decisions from authorized and authorized state administration officials in their own opinion in government practices, the use of discretion should not be worried about by government officials. Aside from being a principle in carrying out government functions, discretion also has a strong legal basis based on the Government Administration Law that concerns the policy not a few that are processed and charged with the Corruption Criminal Act, so that officials are trapped as corruptors because of their duties attached to positions That. But that does not mean that the judge is free to make a decision. Ethics and morals are the commonly known judges. In Indonesia, maybe what is meant is the code of ethics and guidelines for judges produced by the Supreme Court and the Judicial Commission. So as to minimize the use of wrong discretion authority which results in the problem of criminal acts of corruption.

Purposes of the Research:  This writing aims to find out the legitimacy of establishing a new high court in the islands.

Methods of the Research: The research used by the author is a normative juridical research type. The procedure for collecting legal materials is carried out by conducting library research on legal materials, namely primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Then the legal material that has been obtained is analyzed qualitatively.

Results of the Research: The results obtained are the Legitimacy of the Formation of a New High Prosecutor's Office in the Islands, to minimize the obstacles faced by the islands in fighting for people's rights.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Activities of Sida Acuta, Dioscorea Bulbifera and Citrus Aurantifolia Extracts on Selected Bacteria (Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherihia Coli 0157:H7 and Vibrio Cholerae)
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Nigeria, Owhorchukwu Amadi-Wali , Ngozika Wokem Gloria ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Nigeria, Enoch Amala Smart ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Nigeria, Obioma Azuonwu ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

Medicinal plants are the primary source of medication used as complementary or alternative treatments to orthodox medicine. The assessment of the effects of plants, Dioscorea bulbifera (Air potato), Sida acuta (wired weed) and Citrus aurantifolia (Lime juice) extracts on selected bacteria (Escherichia coli0157:H7, Salmonella typhymurium and Vibrio cholerae) were investigated. The study area was Omuanwa in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria were the plants were collected. The test organisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction technique, while the antimicrobial effects of the plant extracts were examined against the different bacterial species by agar well diffusion method and sensitivity interpreted in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Phytochemicals extracted were Flavonoids, Cardiac Glycosides, Tannin, Phenols, Alkaloids, Steroids, Terpenoid and Saponins, however, the concentrations of phytochemicals extracted by ethanol and aqueous showed statistical significant difference of p<0.05. The organisms were more sensitive to Citrus aurantifolia with 83.3%, followed by Sida acuta with 75.0% and Dioscorea bulbifera with 41.7%, also evident in the mean zones of inhibitions of the plant extracts, as the highest mean of 16.333mm was observed in Citrus aurantifolia against all test organisms followed by Sida acuta (15.083mm) and Dioscorea bulbifera (8.583mm). Escherichia coli0157:H7 was most sensitive to Sida acuta, Salmonella typhimurium was most sensitive to Citrus aurantifolia, while Vibrio cholerae showed equal-high sensitivity to Sida acuta and Citrus aurantifolia. Considering different percentage concentrations of plant extracts of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% against the test organisms, the mean zone of inhibitions was in the order of increasing concentrations, the higher the concentrations the higher their zones of inhibition. The ability of the plant extracts to have shown cleared zone of inhibitions in this research showed the extracts to be potent antimicrobials against these test organisms.
Spectrum of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (99mTc MDP) uptake in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Gill Sana Munir , Sadaf Mufty  , Aamna Hassan
Published: June 2023

Osteosarcoma is a frequently occurring primary skeletal malignancy in the adolescent population. It arises from primitive mesenchymal bone forming cells and frequently involves long bones near the metaphyseal growth plate. Multiple imaging modalities are used for complete staging workup at the time of presentation; including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for local disease extent, computed tomography (CT) scan to rule out pulmonary metastasis, and bone scan to look for distant osseous metastases. We present the case of a young boy with osteosarcoma of left tibia, showing additional findings on MDP bone scan acquired for initial staging work up.
Key words: Osteosarcoma, bone scan, calcified nodal metastases, SPECT/CT
Need for a national cancer registry in Pakistan: challenges and way forward
Authors: Saleema Begum  , Khan Muhammad Rizwan
Published: June 2023

The incidence of cancer is rising globally at a remarkable rate. According to the global cancer Observatory, the total number of cases in Pakistan were 178,388 in 2020; and these figures were provided by the Punjab Cancer Registry which represents the population of Lahore and some parts of central Punjab. Considering the overall 220 million population, these figures are severe underestimation of the true cancer burden in Pakistan. Unfortunately, several attempts at establishing a national cancer registry in the country have failed in the past. Resource limitations, including funds, manpower and infrastructure, and the lack of interest on the part of the governments are behind the failure of the establishment of a national cancer database.
---Continue
Diabetic foot ulcers: contemporary assessment and management
Authors: Zia Ur Rehman  , Khan Junaid , Noordin Shahryar
Published: June 2023

Diabetic foot ulcer disease is the combination of vasculopathy, neuropathy and infection. It is important to identify the main aetiology and to treat it for optimal ulcer healing so that limb amputation may be prevented. A literature review spanning five years (2018-2021) was performed to assess the current understanding of these aetiologies and management options for their treatment. Peripheral artery disease is prevalent in patients with diabetes. Before performing any amputations, whether minor or major, vascular supply in these patients needs to be evaluated and, if needed, improved. Diabetic neuropathy is a long-term complication of uncontrolled diabetes. Patients’ education is very important with respect to selfcare and prevention of foot complications arising out of minor trauma in diabetic population.
---Continue
Systematically evaluate the effect of problem-based learning method in the teaching of epidemiology and health statistics in China
Authors: Yu Xiangyuan , Linyuan Qin  , Gongchen Huang  , Xiao He
Published: June 2023

Objective: To systematically evaluate the application of problem-based learning teaching in medical institutions.
Methods: The systematic review was conducted in China following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and comprised search for relevant studies on July 31, 2020, of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine disc, Web of Science, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Excerpta Medica Database and PubMed databases. Quality of the included studies was assessed as adequate, uncertain or inadequate based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The teaching effects was evaluated using relative risk or standardised mean difference along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Results: There were 3,447 students the 20 studies analysed; 1,681(48.8%) in problem-based learning group A and 1,766(51.2%) in lecture-based learning group B. Group A showed improved students’ test scores, learning interest, self-learning ability and collaboration skills (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Problem-based learning teaching method showed advantages in terms of improvement in students' professional knowledge and key learning skills.
Key Words: Problem-based learning, Epidemiology, Statistics, Effect, Systematic evaluation.
Does lifestyle behaviour trigger cardiovascular risk factors among school-going adolescents in Pakistan?
Authors: Jawed Nida , Safdar Nilofer Fatimi , Mehdi Anishta , Inam Sumera , Shafique Kashif , Badruddin Salma
Published: June 2023

Objective: To explore the association of gender with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among adolescents.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted 2016-2019 in low-income schools in Karachi after approval from the ethics review board of Dow University of Health Sciences, and comprised adolescents of both genders aged 11-17 years. Anthropometric measurements and lifestyle behaviours were used to generate risk profile for cardiovascular diseases. Data was analysed using SPSS 16.
Results: Of the 1195 subjects, 468(39.2%) were boys and 727(60.8%) were girls. The mean age was 13.9±1.6 years. Mean family size was 5.9±3.64. Overall, 989(91.3%) participants consumed soft drinks, 44(4%) were smokers, 340(48.4%) consumed betel nut, 215(32.9%) Pan, 125(21.2%) Gutka and 9(1.7%) Bidi. Of the total, 867(83.3%) participants were physically less active than recommended, and daily screen time was >2 hours among 513(45.7%) participants. Body mass index and body fat percentage were significantly higher among girls (p<0.05). Higher rates of diastolic and systolic blood pressure and hand grip strength were observed in boys compared to girls (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Interventional programmes in schools should emphasise the need for healthy lifestyle behaviours, increased physical activity, good eating habits and smoking cessation.
Key Words: CVD risk factors, Adolescents, Lifestyle behaviours, Micronutrients, Pakistan.
Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy in asparagine-linked glycosylation thirteen (ALG13) gene defect and dramatic response with Ketogenic diet
Authors: Prem Chand  , Sulaiman Asna , Angez Meher , Kirmani Salman
Published: June 2023

Asparagine-linked glycosylation thirteen (ALG13) gene-related congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) include early onset epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), developmental delays (DD) with intellectual disability (ID), speech and visual abnormalities, and haematologic and endocrine dysfunctions. Worldwide there is a scarcity of available data on this. To add to this scarce data, we report the case of a young girl with this rare genetic mutation who showed remarkable improvement in her seizures by addition of ketogenic diet (KD) to her management regimen.
With an already high rate of consanguineous marriages, metabolic and genetic errors are widely prevalent; hence, to bridge the huge gap in the understanding of such diseases, further research and trials are needed to be carried out to improve identification of the disease along with outcomes.
Keywords: AGLT13 mutation, epileptic encephalopathy and ketogenic diet.
Epidemiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in rural areas (Badin) of Sind, Pakistan
Authors: Shahnawaz Kareem  , Asifa Jamali  , Salam Ali  , Muhammad Yousif Arbab  , Beena Salman  , Salman Imtiaz
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in a rural setting.
Method: The retrospective study was conducted at Indus Hospital, Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, and comprised data of patients of either gender regardless of age who visited the nephrology clinic between July 2019 and July 2020. Data was retrieved from the institutional health management information system. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 348 patients, 184(52.9%) were males and 164(47.1%) were females. The overall mean age was 40.4±19 years. Obstructive nephropathy was the most frequent cause of chronic kidney disease 108(31%), followed by chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology 79(22.7%). The most prevalent comorbid was hypertension in 106(30.5%) patients, while 56(16.1%) were diabetic. The stone disease was found in 90(24.6%) patients. Age was strongly associated with chronic kidney disease (p<0.001). Among those with chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology, 35(44.3%) patients were aged 31-50 years 35. The expected glomerular filtration rate in such patients was significantly associated with the cause of chronic kidney disease (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Unknown aetiology and kidney stones were the leading causes of chronic kidney disease among the rural population studied.
Key Words: Chronic kidney disease, Agricultural communities, Developing country, Kidney stone, Unknown aetiology.
Association of biochemical markers with COVID-19 severity in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Rashid , Niazi Muhammad Aamir Khan , Shabbir Muhammad Usman , Raza Umama , Saleem Alina , Bhatti Theophilus
Published: June 2023

Objective: To evaluate demographics, biochemical markers and clinical features of patients suffering from coronavirus disease-2019.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively at the Capital Hospital, Islamabad, and the Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 08, 2021 to March 01, 2022 and comprised patients of either gender with coronavirus disease-2019 diagnosed on the basis of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Patients’ demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were obtained using patient charge sheets. Coronavirus disease-2019 was categorised as non-severe, severe and critical, according to the World Health Organisation criteria. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.
Results: Of the 431 patients, 91(21.1%) were men and 340(78.9%) were women. The overall mean age was 60.75±14.45 years. Of the total, 148(34.3%) had non-severe, 190(44.1%) severe and 93(21.6%) had critical condition at the time of admission. Hypertension 307(71.2%) and diabetes mellitus 249(57.8%) were the most common comorbidities, while fever 353(81.9%), shortness of breath 339(78.7%) and cough 302(70.1%) were the most common symptoms reported. Higher age was significantly associated with coronavirus disease-2019 severity (p<0.001). Among comorbidities, chronic kidney disease (p<0.001) and cancer (p=0.046), and, among signs and symptoms, shortness of breath (p=0.002) and chest pain (p=0.021), were significantly associated with coronavirus disease-2019 severity. Serum total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, urea and creatinine levels had significant association with disease severity (p<0.001). Total leukocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, prothrombin time, and plasma D-Dimer levels had significant association with disease severity (p<0.001). Serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6 levels were also significantly associated with disease severity (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Assessment of biochemical markers was an excellent way to monitor disease progression in coronavirus disease-2019 patients.
Key Words: COVID-19, Diabetes, Severity, Hypertension, Clinical features.