bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching subjects "emergency domestic care" and "fundamentals of medical knowledge" in higher educational institutions
Authors: Khrabra S. , Barladin O. , Vakulenko L. , Veremchuk O. , Stets A.
Published: August 2022

The scientific work is devoted to the generalization of the results of the survey of students on the knowledge, skills and practical skills in providing emergency home care to people who do not have medical education. Students of 1-4 courses of Ternopil National Pedagogical University named after Volodymyr Hnatiuk took part in the research. Among the respondents were students enrolled in educational and professional programs that have the required components of the above disciplines and students who do not study these disciplines. The study was conducted as an anonymous survey using Google Forms. The number of respondents is 80. According to the results of the survey, there are some students who doubt their knowledge and practical skills to provide assistance, there are some students who overestimate their knowledge. The last question allowed the respondents to assess their knowledge of emergency home care from 1 to 5 points (where 1 is the lowest level and 5 is the highest level of knowledge). As a result, 1 - 0%, 2 - 15%, 3 and 4 points - 42.5% and 5 - 0%. Also, the survey showed that 100% of respondents agree with the opinion on the need to teach the subjects "Emergency care" and "Fundamentals of medical knowledge" in higher education. This problem can be solved by creating appropriate training courses at different faculties of universities. Competent choice of training program and training tools will significantly increase the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to provide emergency care to people who do not have medical education. Subsequent research will focus on studying the psychological readiness of the population to learn, and further apply the acquired knowledge of emergency home care in critical situations.
Research of the cardiorespiratory system and psychological state indices of tourists during the sport hike
Authors: Shevchenko M. , Grynova T. , Taran L.
Published: August 2022

It is impossible to achieve success of the route and survive in changing climatic conditions without the organization of special tourist training. This statement is especially important during the preparation for the future route, including constant training, simulation of critical situations and dealing with them. Currently, there are no scientifically recommendations for the dosage of physical activity during hiking and the need for systematic training to participate in sport and health-improving hikes to increase the safety of hiking, as well as to improve the psychological microclimate in the group of tourists. The purpose of the article: to determine changes in the indices of the cardiorespiratory system and the psychological state of experienced tourists and beginners during the sports hike of I category complexity. Research methods: methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, special pedagogical tests, morphofunctional and psychological research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. Result: the article presents comparative heart rate, Stange’s test, Genchi test and psychological test (anxiety, working-capacity, activity, mood, well-being) of participants of the sports hike of I category of complexity in the Ukrainian Carpathians, who already had experience in hike, and participants who took part in the hike for the first time but engaged in other sports. The study identified a positive training effect of this hike on the body of experienced tourists, namely increasing the reserve capacity of the cardiorespiratory and respiratory systems of experienced tourists, while beginners had signs of fatigue, they had low mood, activity and well-being for almost all hike, had insufficient physical and psychological training and it was more difficult for them to adapt to the load. Conclusions: to participate in sport hikes every tourist must undergo special physical and psychological training.
Generalidades de la diverticulitis aguda
Authors: Szuster Benavides Melanie , Muñoz Vargas Brenda , Ulloa Velásquez Luis Fernando
Published: August 2022

La diverticulitis aguda es un proceso inflamatorio que ocurre a nivel de los divertículos en el colon. Los divertículos colónicos, o mejor llamados pseudodivertículos, son protrusiones en forma de saco de las capas mucosa y submucosa a través de la capa circular de la muscular propia del colon. Muchos factores, tanto ambientales como inherentes, influyen en la formación de dichos divertículos y su evolución a diverticulitis. Al establecerse el proceso inflamatorio, se producen algunas manifestaciones clínicas como dolor en cuadrante inferior izquierdo, fiebre y leucocitosis. El estudio de elección para diagnóstico de Diverticulitis Aguda es la Tomografía Axial Computarizada (TAC), la cual sirve también para valorar complicaciones y otros posibles diagnósticos diferenciales. Basada en los hallazgos del TAC, la Clasificación de Hinchey Modificada es útil para determinar la severidad del episodio. El tratamiento depende de la severidad del proceso inflamatorio, así como de las complicaciones que se presenten. El manejo puede ser médico, percutáneo o quirúrgico, donde destaca como principal intervención quirúrgica el Procedimiento de Hartmann. Posterior a un episodio agudo, aumenta el riesgo de recurrencia de nuevos episodios.
Infección urinaria en el adulto mayor
Authors: Ugalde González Fernanda , Rivera Gutiérrez Héctor , Obando Soto Stephanie Nohelia
Published: August 2022

La infección del tracto urinario corresponde a la localización más común de patología infecciosa en el adulto mayor.   Puede presentarse de manera recurrente, es decir tres o más episodios sintomáticos en un periodo de un año, o más de dos infecciones en 6 meses, la misma puede presentarse de manera no complicada o complicada, este último tipo suele presentarse en personas con anormalidades funcionales o estructurales y afecta principalmente al tracto urinario superior. En el adulto mayor existe gran prevalencia de síntomas urinarios (incontinencia, urgencia, frecuencia, nicturia), los cuáles no siempre están en relación con una infección.  Por lo que se debe distinguir los cambios fisiológicos asociados al envejecimiento de las alteraciones patológicas.  Para lograr un adecuado diagnóstico, es mandatorio realizar una historia clínica detallada, que incluya de ser posible información brindada por el paciente y el cuidador, también se debe llevar a cabo un examen físico y solicitar laboratorios de manera prudente, es decir únicamente en caso de que se presenten síntomas clínicos sugestivos, ya que los exámenes por sí solos no son capaces de diferenciar una bacteriuria asintomática de una infección urinaria. La bacteriuria asintomática no debe ser tamizada ni tratada en el adulto mayor. En caso de indicar tratamiento, debe realizarse de manera precavida, ya que brindar terapias innecesarias provocan resistencia microbiana, sin lograr ningún beneficio en la supervivencia.
Pancreatitis crónica en atención primaria: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Castillo Arias Randall , Arriola Gutiérrez Jordan , Cascante Gutiérrez Allison
Published: August 2022

La pancreatitis crónica es un complejo síndrome fibroinflamatorio que desencadena graves comorbilidades para aquellos quienes la padecen. No obstante, es una patología que en sus estadios iniciales es difícil de reconocer y suele pasarse por alto en sus primeras visitas al médico de atención primaria. Sus síntomas iniciales son inespecíficos e involucran dolor abdominal, náuseas y vómitos. Tiene un curso progresivo hasta desarrollar insuficiencia exocrina y endocrina con empeoramiento del dolor y complicaciones asociadas a patología intrínseca del páncreas. Los principales factores de riesgo para desarrollar este padecimiento son el consumo a tasas elevadas de tabaco y alcohol. La sospecha inicial se basa en el reconocimiento de factores de riesgo con sintomatología como la mencionada. Su tratamiento es multidisciplinario e involucra el manejo de dolor crónico, insuficiencia exocrina y endocrina.
Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Think Talk Write Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Pantun Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Novianti Firda , Hafizah  , Putri Fara Diba Catur
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pembelajaran keterampilan menulis pantun yang dilatar belakangi penggunaan model pembelajaran yang kurang tepat. Oleh karena itu Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis pantun di tingkat sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas  yang meliputi beberapa tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi,  refleksi dengan subjek penelitian 23 siswa kelas V SDIT Al-Muhsiniyyah dengan menerapkan model cooperative learning tipe Think Talk Write . Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi dan tes. Intrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi lembar aktivitas siswa, aktivitas guru, wawancara dan soal tes, sementara teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil yang didapat dalam peneitan ini sebagai berikut: a). Pengunan model pembelajaran mampu meningkatakan hasil belajar siswa dalam menulis pantun, berdasarkan hasil tes pada prasiklus yaitu 47,83% atau 11 siswa yang mampu menulis pantun, kemudian pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 65,22% atau 15 siswa dan  pada siklus II meningkat menjadi  86,96% atau 20 siswa yang dapat menulis pantun secara baik dan benar. b). Siswa menjadi lebih aktif pada saat pembelajaran berlangusung.  Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil penelitian ini berimplikasi terhadap pengguanaan model cooperative learning tipe Think Talk Write sebagai moda pembelajaran inovatif dalam keterampilan menulis pantun pada siswa kelas V SDIT Al-Muhsiniyyah.
Lafoea dumosa (Fleming) and Aeginopsis laurentii Brandt: dates of publication (Cnidaria, Hydroidea)
Authors: Panteleeva N.N.
Published: August 2022

The publication dates are 1820 and 1838 for Lafoea dumosa (Fleming) and Aeginopsis laurentii Brandt, respectively. The last name is given precedence over its unused objective synonym Ae. horensis Brandt, 1834.
A new name for the Ussurian subspecies of the Tundra Shrew, Sorex tundrensis Merriam, 1900 (Mammalia: Soricidae)
Authors: Baranova G.I. , Zaitsev M.V.
Published: August 2022

The names hitherto proposed for the Ussurian subspecies of Sorex tundrensis Merriam, 1900 (S. t. ussuriensis Okhotina, 1983, S. t. stroganovi Okhotina, 1984, S. t. stroganovi Yudin, 1989) are preoccupied. A new name, Sorex tundrensis khankae, is proposed for this taxon.
Educação Física escolar: concepções de jovens, adultos e idosos
Authors: Gomes Debora , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Da Silva , Gasparin João Luiz
Published: August 2022

A partir do levantamento das práticas e discursos que perpassam as publicações científicas relacionadas à Educação Física; das legislações educacionais de 1961 (Lei 4.024), de 1971 (Lei 5.692 e decreto 69.450) e de 1996 (Lei 9.394); assim como, dos relatos de ex-alunos que vivenciaram esta disciplina/atividade; esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a Educação Física escolar no Brasil, a partir das experiências de jovens, adultos e idosos, que tiveram aulas desta disciplina/atividade em diferentes contextos históricos. Foram utilizadas as seguintes fontes: legislações, documentos oficiais, livros, artigos, teses, dissertações e entrevistas. A Educação Física pode exercer um papel significativo diante do previsto/prescrito/orientado pelo campo político e acadêmico, na medida em que as condições objetivas e subjetivas sejam constituídas e acessadas pela comunidade escolar.
A mentorship model for neurosurgical training: the Mayo Clinic experience
Authors: Singh Rohin , De La Peña Nicole M. , Suarez-Meade Paola , Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Akinduro Oluwaseun O. , Chaichana Kaisorn L. , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Bendok Bernard R. , Bydon Mohamad , Meyer Fredric B. , Spinner Robert J. , Daniels David J.
Published: August 2022

Neurosurgical education is a continually developing field with an aim of training competent and compassionate surgeons who can care for the needs of their patients. The Mayo Clinic utilizes a unique mentorship model for neurosurgical training. In this paper, the authors detail the historical roots as well as the logistical and experiential characteristics of this teaching model.

This model was first established in the late 1890s by the Mayo brothers and then adopted by the Mayo Clinic Department of Neurological Surgery at its inception in 1919. It has since been implemented enterprise-wide at the Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona residency programs. The mentorship model is focused on honing resident skills through individualized attention and guidance from an attending physician. Each resident is closely mentored by a consultant during a 2- or 3-month rotation, which allows for exposure to more complex cases early in their training.

In this model, residents take ownership of their patients’ care, following them longitudinally during their hospital course with guided oversight from their mentors. During the chief year, residents have their own clinic, operating room (OR) schedule, and OR team and service nurse. In this model, chief residents conduct themselves more in the manner of an attending physician than a trainee but continue to have oversight from staff to provide a “safety net.” The longitudinal care of patients provided by the residents under the mentorship model is not only beneficial for the trainee and the hospital, but also has a positive impact on patient satisfaction and safety. The Mayo Clinic Mentorship Model is one of many educational models that has demonstrated itself to be an excellent approach for resident education.
360° 3D virtual reality operative video for the training of residents in neurosurgery
Authors: Bruening Daniel M. , Truckenmueller Peter , Stein Christian , Fuellhase Josch , Vajkoczy Peter , Picht Thomas , Acker Gueliz
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Training of residents is an essential but time-consuming and costly task in the surgical disciplines. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, surgical education became even more challenging because of the reduced caseload due to the increased shift to corona care. In this context, augmented 360° 3D virtual reality (VR) videos of surgical procedures enable effective off-site training through virtual participation in the surgery. The goal of this study was to establish and evaluate 360° 3D VR operative videos for neurosurgical training.

METHODS

Using a 360° camera, the authors recorded three standard neurosurgical procedures: a lumbar discectomy, brain metastasis resection, and clipping of an aneurysm. Combined with the stereoscopic view of the surgical microscope, 7- to 10-minute 360° 3D VR videos augmented with annotations, overlays, and commentary were created. These videos were then presented to the neurosurgical residents at the authors’ institution using a head-mounted display. Before viewing the videos, the residents were asked to fill out a questionnaire indicating their VR experience and self-assessment of surgical skills regarding the specific procedure. After watching the videos, the residents completed another questionnaire to evaluate their quality and usefulness. The parameters were scaled with a 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS

Twenty-two residents participated in this study. The mean years of experience of the participants in neurosurgery was 3.2 years, ranging from the 1st through the 7th year of training. Most participants (86.4%) had no or less than 15 minutes of VR experience. The overall quality of the videos was rated good to very good. Immersion, the feeling of being in the operating room, was high, and almost all participants (91%) stated that 360° VR videos provide a useful addition to the neurosurgical training. VR sickness was negligible in the cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, the authors demonstrated the feasibility and high acceptance of augmented 360° 3D VR videos in neurosurgical training. Augmentation of 360° videos with complementary and interactive content has the potential to effectively support trainees in acquiring conceptual knowledge. Further studies are necessary to investigate the effectiveness of their use in improving surgical skills.
Surgical treatment in primary spinal infections in a pediatric population: illustrative case
Authors: Beyer Ryan S. , Franklin Austin J. , Hatter Matthew J. , Nguyen Andrew , Brown Nolan J. , Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Davies Nestor R. , Hashmi Sohaib , Oh Michael , Bhatia Nitin , Lee Yu-Po
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Primary spinal infections (PSIs) are a group of uncommon but serious infectious diseases that are characterized by inflammation of the endplate-disc unit. Pediatric spinal infection is rare and challenging to diagnose due to vague presenting symptoms. Most cases are conservatively managed with surgery rarely indicated. The authors performed a systematic review to study the baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes of pediatric patients with PSIs who underwent surgical treatment.

OBSERVATIONS

PSI in pediatric patients might behave differently in terms of epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes when compared with nonpediatric patients. Overall, PSI ultimately managed surgically in pediatric patients is associated with a high rate of localized pain, neurological compromise, and treatment failure when compared with nonsurgically managed pediatric spinal infections.

LESSONS

PSIs managed surgically in the pediatric population were found to be caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 74.4% of cases and were associated with higher rates of localized pain, neurological compromise, and treatment failure than nonsurgically managed pediatric spinal infections. Thoracic involvement (71.8%) in the spinal infection was reported most commonly in our review. When omitting the cases involving M. tuberculosis infection, it was revealed that 50% of the pediatric cases involved infection in the cervical region, suggesting increased severity and disease course of cervical spinal infections in the pediatric population. Surgical treatment is indicated only in cases of severe neurological compromise and treatment failure.
Navigation-assisted resection of tumoral calcinosis of the lumbosacral spine: illustrative case
Authors: Tang Oliver Y. , Sullivan Patricia Zadnik , Tubre Teddi , Feler Joshua , Shao Belinda , Hart Jesse , Gokaslan Ziya L.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Tumoral calcinosis is an uncommon disease resulting from dystrophic calcium phosphate crystal deposition, with only 7% of cases involving the spine, and it may diagnostically mimic neoplasms.

OBSERVATIONS

In this case, a 54-year-old woman with history of systemic scleroderma presented with 10 months of progressive left lumbosacral pain. Imaging revealed an expansile, 4 × 7-cm, well-circumscribed mass in the lumbosacral spine with L5–S1 neuroforaminal compression. Because intractable pain and computed tomography (CT)-guided needle biopsy did not entirely rule out malignancy, operative management was pursued. The patient underwent L4–S2 laminectomies, left L5–S1 facetectomy, L5 and S1 pediculectomies, and en bloc resection, performed under stereotactic CT-guided intraoperative navigation. Subsequently, instrumented fusion was performed with L4 and L5 pedicle screws and S2 alar-iliac screws. Pathological examination was consistent with tumoral calcinosis, with multiple nodules of amorphous basophilic granular calcified material lined by histiocytes. There was no evidence of recurrence or neurological deficits at 5-month follow-up.

LESSONS

Because spinal tumoral calcinosis may mimic neoplasms on imaging or gross intraoperative appearance, awareness of this clinical entity is essential for any spine surgeon. A review of all case reports of lumbosacral tumoral calcinosis (n = 14 from 1952 to 2016) was additionally performed. The case featured in this report presents the first known case of navigation-assisted resection of lumbosacral tumoral calcinosis.
Development of a sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistula secondary to sigmoid sinus thrombosis after resection of a foramen magnum meningioma: illustrative case
Authors: Yajima Hirohisa , Miyawaki Satoru , Koizumi Satoshi , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Hongo Hiroki , Segawa Masafumi , Kin Taichi , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Saito Nobuhito
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The precise etiology of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is still unknown. The authors reported a case of delayed postoperative sigmoid sinus (SS) DAVF secondary to SS thrombosis after resection of a foramen magnum meningioma through a suboccipital craniotomy.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors visualized the clear architecture of the DAVF using fusion three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG) images reconstructed from multimodal imaging studies. These fusion 3DCG images revealed that the feeders of the DAVF had connected through neovascularization to the SS at the previous thrombus site. The authors also reviewed previously reported cases of DAVFs that developed after craniotomy.

LESSONS

This study indicated that SS stenosis and occlusion with sinus thrombosis are possible risk factors for delayed postoperative DAVF that demand special consideration.
Delayed hemorrhage following deep brain stimulation device placement in a patient with Parkinson’s disease and lupus anticoagulant syndrome: illustrative case
Authors: Walker Robert B. , Grossen Audrey A. , O’Neal Christen M. , Conner Andrew K.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Treatment options for Parkinson’s disease (PD) include both medical and surgical approaches. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure that aims to improve motor symptomatology.

OBSERVATIONS

A 66-year-old White male with a 9-year history of PD presented to the neurosurgery clinic for DBS consideration. On the morning of scheduled surgery, preoperative laboratory test results revealed a prolonged prothrombin time of 50 seconds. Surgery was postponed, and further work-up revealed that the patient had a positive test result for lupus anticoagulant (LA). DBS implantation was performed 2 months later. The first stage of surgery was uneventful. The patient returned 1 week later for the second stage. Postoperatively, the patient exhibited a diminished level of consciousness. Computed tomography revealed left frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage with surrounding edema, trace subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and midline shift.

LESSONS

The authors suspect that the hemorrhage occurred secondary to venous infarct, because LA is associated with a paradoxically increased risk of thrombosis. Although there is no documented association between LA and acute or delayed hemorrhage, this case demonstrates a possible relationship in a patient following DBS placement. More research is needed to confirm an association with coexisting LA with PD and an increased hemorrhage risk in neurosurgical interventions.
A Corpus-Based Study of Deontic Modality in Legal Discourse
Authors: Boginskaya Olga
Published: August 2022

This article contributes to the study of English deontic modal means as a key linguistic phenomenon. It responds to the need of a systematic analysis of English deontic modal auxiliaries used in international legal documents of various genres. Deontic modality is studied as a conceptual category from the semantic perspective. Deontic modals that express permission, obligation and prohibition are treated with special attention to the applicability to Legal English. The corpus includes UN documents of five legal genres: the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, and the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism. These texts were selected to identify frequency, distribution and semantic content of modal auxiliaries which express permission, obligation and prohibition in legal discourse. The aim to reveal similarities and differences in the use of deontic modal auxiliaries in General English and Legal English has been also set.
Expressing Causality in Croatian L1 and L2 Argumentative Writing
Authors: Cvikić Lidija , Trtanj Ivana
Published: August 2022

An argumentative text should present evidence that prove the author’s claims, which implies logical organization of the text and expression of a cause-and-effect relationship. This paper explores the way of expressing causality in argumentative writing in Croatian as a mother tongue (L1), and a foreign language (L2). The study investigates Croatian L1 and L2 speakers’ use of causative connectives in various types of syntactic structures, based on the corpus of 110 argumentative essays (Croatian L1 N=55, Croatian L2 N=55). The results show that in order to express causality, L1 and L2 speakers use the same connectives, in the same syntactic types, but not at the same frequency. Croatian L1 speakers showed strong preference for using pa as a typical causal connective for coordinated and jer for subordinate compound sentences. In comparison to Croatian L1 speakers, L2 speakers showed two tendencies: to overuse some connectives (jer, zato što), and to underuse the others (pa).
Some Notes on Experiencer Causatives and DOM in Romanian
Authors: Goncharov Julie , Irimia Monica Alexandrina
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on object experiencer (OE) causatives in Romanian, identifying a less discussed pattern of variation. The results of a pilot study indicate that for a class of speakers such predicates are not grammatical with an indefinite object, if the latter is not differentially marked. A second class of speakers can accept unmarked objects but only if access to direct evidence of the event is available. As these restrictions set aside OE causatives from physical causatives, a non-trivial question refers to the nature of this difference. An analysis is proposed that revolves around a pragmatic distinction between OE verbs and physical causatives. More precisely, insights put forward by pragmatic investigations of OE verbs have consolidated the observation, which we follow here, that these types of predicates presuppose a perception event in which the object of the asserted event is a perceiver. We further propose that the perception presupposition can be established in the context either by differential object marking (DOM), which has an independently motivated sentience feature, or by direct evidence. Subsequently, we also show that an analysis along these lines gives better results when addressing these types of splits against more general interactions between causatives, inanimate subjects and DOM; under previous accounts, the facts under discussion are either unpredicted or not straightforward to derive.
La présence de l’énonciateur des assertions causales dans des dissertations écrites par les étudiants de FLE
Authors: Kucharska Anna
Published: August 2022

L’article vise à analyser la causalité en tant que moyen argumentatif dans les dissertations écrites par les apprenants de FLE. La dissertation est une tâche souvent utilisée pendant les cours de langue étrangère pour enseigner et vérifier la capacité des apprenants à mener à bien le discours argumentatif. Nous présumons que le locuteur qui écrit une dissertation, considérée ici comme un énoncé argumentatif, crée un acte de parole avec le but de persuader ses interlocuteurs. Pour atteindre cet objectif plus facilement, il est censé nuancer les relations causales en les modifiant soit par la citation de données objectives, scientifiques, soit au moyen d’une vision particulière d’une autorité ou du groupe auquel appartient l’interlocuteur. L’analyse des compositions permettra d’observer l’attitude des locuteurs par rapport à la tâche de production écrite dans le cadre de leur formation linguistique.
The Distribution and Function of Virtual Reflexive Constructions in English
Authors: Yasuhara Masaki
Published: August 2022

This paper sheds new light on the distributional and functional properties of virtual reflexive constructions (VRCs) in English (e.g., This problem solves ITSELF). VRCs describe the level of ease involved in performing the action denoted by the verb. They typically involve metaphorical interpretations, are compatible with adverbs such as virtually, and obtain a primary stress on the reflexive pronoun object. Two claims are presented in this paper: first, the subject of VRCs can be regarded as a crucial contributing factor (i.e., an essential factor in a causal relation). This analysis explains the metaphorical interpretations of VRCs, their compatibility with adverbs such as virtually, and the primary emphasis placed on the reflexive pronoun object. Second, VRCs typically act as anticausativizing causative verbs with no anticausative alternants via metaphor. Namely, VRCs express metaphorical anticausative situations. Causative verbs that can alternate with intransitive anticausative verbs (e.g., break, open, melt) tend to prefer the intransitive anticausative usage when describing anticausative situations (e.g., the vase broke) because intransitive anticausatives are simpler in form and less marked than VRCs. On the other hand, causative verbs with no anticausative alternant (e.g., write, sell) are more likely to occur in VRCs when describing anticausative situations. In other words, VRCs enable these causative verbs to express metaphorical anticausative situations. This analysis is supported by a corpus-based investigation.
On
the Reflection of Unaccented Length and the Short Neo-Acute in Slavic, the
kȍkōt Type Lengthening in Štokavian/Čakavian and Other Issues
Authors: Kapović Mate
Published: August 2022

This is the sixth instalment in the discussion between Frederik Kortlandt and the author of this article on several problems of historical Slavic accentology. The paper discusses the reflection of pre- and posttonic length (in accentual paradigm a and c) in Western South Slavic and West Slavic, the reflection of the short neo-acute in Kajkavian and Czech, and the kȍkōt ‘rooster’ type lengthening in accentual paradigm c in Štokavian and Čakavian. A few other topics are also shortly discussed – such as the accent of the genitive plural, the *obőrna ‘defence’ type accent, and the Čakavian črnĩna ‘blackness’ and dvorĩšće ‘courtyard’ type accent. Additionally, the paper deals with some issues concerning Kortlandt’s rather problematic methodology, rhetorics, discussion and presentation style.
Silazni akcent izvan početnog sloga u bosanskom jeziku
Authors: Karavdić Zenaida
Published: August 2022

Standardni bosanski jezik pripada četveroakcenatskom novoštokavskom sistemu, od kojeg odstupa u prisutnosti silaznih akcenata u tuđicama, složenicama, genitivu jednine i akuzativu množine pojedinih riječi, neprenošenju akcenta na proklitiku, skraćenicama te dvosložnom refleksu jata. S obzirom na to da je uvjet da upotrebni oblik bude i normiran zapravo precizan opis kategorija, to se u ovom radu silaznom akcentu pristupa sistemski, tj. otkrivaju se moguće kategorije u kojima se silazni akcent javlja dosljedno izvan početnog sloga. Za konačno normiranje potrebno je ove kategorije ispitati na terenu, čime se ovaj rad neće baviti.Iz dosadašnjih istraživanja kao nedovoljno opisane izdvojile su se tuđice i silazni akcent u genitivu množine i vokativu jednine pojedinih riječi. S obzirom na to da se primjeri mogu grupisati prema sufiksima gotovo bez ostatka, a polazeći od teze da sufiksi mogu određivati akcenatsku sliku riječi, kategorije tuđica i riječi koje u genitivu množine i/li vokativu jednine imaju ili mogu imati silazni akcenat izvan početnog sloga kategorizirane su dakle prema sufiksima, koji su detaljno pobrojani. Korpus su činili opći rječnici bosanskog jezika, pa su date napomene i o trenutnom normativnom statusu pojedinih kategorija, od kojih su neke i normirane. Istraživanje je iznjedrilo i opći zaključak, a to je da se u bosanskom jeziku silazni akcenti izvan prvog sloga javljaju samo u trosložnim i višesložnim riječima.
Omissions and Overgeneralizations of Reflexive Clitic in the Acquisition of Reflexive Constructions in Croatian as L1
Authors: Pavlinušić Vilus Eva , Hržica Gordana
Published: August 2022

Verb constructions with a reflexive marker are termed “reflexive constructions”. Reflexive constructions in language acquisition research have been studied mainly within a formal theoretical framework while focusing on developmental differences in comprehension of syntactically bound or free pronominal elements. The present study aimed to determine the acquisition pathway of reflexive constructions in Croatian by examining the errors that children produce in early stages of acquisition. Correct and erroneous reflexive verb constructions were extracted from the spontaneous language production of three children previously recorded and transcribed for the Croatian Corpus of Child Language (Kovačević 2003). Errors were classified as omissions or overgeneralizations and further analyzed with respect to the type of reflexive construction, the complexity of the verb’s argument structure and consistency between the reflexive marker and verb. The results showed that children initially omitted the reflexive marker, then gradually introduced it into their production, occasionally overextending its use and thus producing overgeneralization errors. With age they became more successful in producing reflexive constructions. Consistent use of a reflexive marker alongside the verb in child-directed speech influenced the error rates in different types of reflexive constructions, while potential influence of the complexity of argument structure needs to be studied further.
The Intensifier oчень in Russian Academic Discourse
Authors: Peredrienko Tatiana , Balandina Ekaterina
Published: August 2022

The category of intensity is a complex entity that allows expressing the emotions of a person, his evaluation of phenomena and have an impact on a reader. That is the reason for this category to become the focus of attention for many linguists. However, the verbalization of intensity in different types of discourse is not the same. The purpose of the article is to study the category of intensity in Russian academic discourse via studying the functioning of the intensifier очень. The research material was obtained from scientific articles presented in Russian open access journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. The corpus constructed of selected articles was analysed by means of Lancaster University software. The attention was paid to the application of various measures used in corpus linguistics to identify the nature of relations between different collocates. The analysis allowed to present the grammatical features of the intensifiers in academic discourse, to consider their collocations by the example of the intensifier очень, and to propose the model for describing linguistic phenomena using corpus-based studies.
Interaction with Patients as a Budding Doctor: An Experience
Authors: Yadav Preeti
Published: August 2022

Every medical student amidst COVID-19 missed out on an integral part of medical education which is interaction with patients as all the physical classes were postponed for months. Effective interaction with patients is the heart of medicine and it provides a synergistic effect on the delivery of high-quality care to the patient. However many medical students underestimate the art of communication. This article highlights the importance of basic communication skills; also encourages reflecting upon the whole experience and extracting the learning to apply to any further interactions.
Congenital Upper Limb Deficiency with Oligodactyly: A Case Report
Authors: Twayana Anu Radha , Sunuwar Neela , Deo Sulav , Rayamajhi Sushil , Sherpa Ninda Tashi Tenzing , Anjum Firoz
Published: August 2022

Congenital upper limb deficiency care and management have undergone drastic changes over the past 50 years. Given the low incidence of this defect nationwide, this case report adds to the existing database to analyze the etiological investigations, descriptive epidemiology, and trend detection. We present a case of a 2-month-old male child with congenital upper limb deficiency and explore the possible etiologies and difficulties during early diagnosis of such rare disorders in a low and middle-income countrries and present implications at the primary health care level to improve the prognosis. Poor nutrition during pregnancy due to an unplanned pregnancy is a possible cause. The prognosis is unfavourable due to sociocultural barriers. To address these limitations, it is pertinent to address disability-adequate knowledge among communities, promote early diagnosis, and timely rehabilitation using a multidisciplinary approach. Further, we provide a framework to optimize care.
Status Dystonicus with Atypical Presentation in Developmentally Delay Child: A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Shailendra Kumar , Yadav Pratibha , Maharjan Gyabina , Dahal Sujata , Khati Nirajan
Published: August 2022

Status dystonicus is characterised by involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions of muscles causing repetitive twisting movements, abnormal postures of the body, or both is a rare but life-threatening movement disorder. Early diagnosis and management of status dystonicus prevent serious complications. We report a 2 years old previously developmental delay diagnosed girl who presented with generalised contractions of the whole body. Tightening of limbs is aggravated by touching her backside which is a very unique feature. Dystonia is associated with severe sweating and was confused with a seizure event. The patient was treated with midazolam, clonidine, phenytoin, gabapentin, pyridoxine, baclofen, and trihexyphenidyl. She was admitted to the intensive care unit for monitoring. The patient partially recovered after 10 days of treatment.
БАГАТОРОЗРЯДНИЙ ЦАП ІЗ ВАГОВОЮ НАДЛИШКОВІСТЮ З ВИХОДОМ ПО СТРУМУ
Authors: Фігас Ганна
Published: August 2022

У статті викладено метод побудови багаторозрядних ЦАП із ваговою надлишковістю з виходом по струму. Такі ЦАП дозволяють істотно (на порядок) підвищити швидкодію АЦП порозрядного кодування. Показано, що такий ЦАП має високу швидкодію, а також забезпечує нерозривність характристики перетворення, навіть за умов застос

ування неточної елементної бази. Наведено схеми АЦП, що реалізують алгоритми прискореного врівноваження на основі різних надлишкових позиційних систем числення. Розглянуто принципові та функціональні схеми двотактних підсилювачів постійного струму зі зворотним зв’язком по струму для підвищення вихідного опору цифроаналогових перетворювачів.  Наведено оцінки вихідного опору розглянутих двотактних підсилювачів постійного струму за результатами аналітичних обчислень та комп’ютерного моделювання.
Fear of Negative Evaluation Factors from Ought-to L2 Self among Indonesian High School EFL Learners
Authors: Subekti Adaninggar Septi , Glory Kezia Marcellova
Published: August 2022

The present study aims to investigate Indonesian high school English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ views on factors originating from Ought to L2 Self (OL2S), a second language (L2) motivation construct, affecting their Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE), L2 anxiety construct. Six learner participants were involved in the study. It employed online semi-structured interviews to obtain the data. Through Thematic Analysis, the present study found three main findings. First, the desire to study abroad lessened the learners' FNE. Secondly, a realization of possible future negative impacts of not learning English and the obligation to avoid these impacts made the learners have less FNE. Third, their perceived obligation to have 'correct' English pronunciation instills higher FNE. Pedagogical implications include promoting study abroad aspiration among learners, introducing Global Englishes prioritizing intelligibility over attaining native speakers' ability and designing more activities mirroring future practical uses of English. Suggestive directions for future studies are also stated concerning the limitations and findings of the present study.
An Analysis of Convergence in Speaking Skills among the Eleventh-Graders
Authors: Wahyudi Tri , Sari Yeasy Agustina , Harya Trisna Dinillah
Published: August 2022

Communication’s objective is to deliver information from one person to another. People adapt their communication in everyday life in order to attain the purpose of communication. It can be shown which features of convergence mostly appeal appear communication-related to the reason for it. The aim of this study is to analyze the English convergence in speaking skills among the eleventh-grade students at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia. It is especially interested in analyzing the most dominant feature of convergence and why the students have it when speaking English. In this study, a qualitative method using a case study approach was applied. The participants were chosen from a group of sixteen eleventh graders. A classroom observations sheet and interview session were used to collect the data. The result of the study shows that the most dominant feature of convergence in speaking skills among the eleventh graders at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia is Utterance Length. Utterance length involves Listening and Clarifying. All students certainly listen to the interlocutor and are speechless while clarifying. Secondly, the reason for the eleventh graders at senior high school in Lampung Tengah, Indonesia apply convergence is to be attracted by others and evoke social status.
The Impact of the Information and Communication Technology and Electricity on Inter-island Interactions in Indonesia
Authors: Rosmika Nuri , Masbar Raja , Syahnur Sofyan , Suriani Suriani
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the economic interaction in Indonesia and the impact of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and electricity on inter-island interactions in Indonesia. Data used Indonesian Inter-Regional Input-Output (IRIO) table 2016. The result is the largest inter-island interaction occurred between Java and Sumatra, Java-Sulawesi and Java-Kalimantan. Java was more dependent on Sumatra than Sumatra's dependence on Java. Java was more dependent on other islands than other islands' dependence on Java. The impact of ICT on the economy was higher than the impact of electricity. The ICT had more impact on the interregional economy than intraregional. Meanwhile, the electricity had more effect on the intraregional economy than interregional. The intervention to increase investment in ICT resulted in the highest increase in output of Bali and Nusa Tenggara. Both when the intervention was carried out on Bali and Nusa Tenggara islands or in other islands. The same was true for electricity investment interventions. Therefore, Bali and Nusa Tenggara islands should be given more priority in ICT and electricity investment. Investment in ICT and electricity will accelerate the economic development of eastern Indonesia so that it can become a reference for equitable development.
THE ENCOUNTER BETWEEN CUSTOM AND RELIGION IN RURAL COMMUNITIES: TENGGER TRIBE WEDDING RITUALS
Authors: Tohari Amin , Azizah Lailiyatul
Published: August 2022

Dialogue between local culture and Islam is the main feature of peripheral Indonesian Islam. In rural sociology, a clash will occur when the two go hand in hand in social interaction. The Tenggerese people in East Java, as rural residents, face the dilemma of clashing customs and religion through traditional marriages. This article seeks to answer how the traditional wedding ritual procession as a local identity also applies to the Muslim minority in Tengger, and how the two (custom and religion) negotiate both so that a balanced meeting point is reached. Using a qualitative approach and case study methods, data collection was done by interview and observation. The results that they have compromised by finding common ground, including the meeting of principles and essence between adat and religion, the transition from endogamy to exogamy, and the division of roles during the traditional wedding procession. This article provides a novelty that the meeting of the two resulted in a new color in religious moderation in Indonesia that is not found elsewhere and with a different pattern as the distinctive identity of the Tengger rural community.
RESILIENSI BUDAYA TOLERANSI BERAGAMA MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL DI KABUPATEN BURU
Authors: Susiati Susiati , Sumiaty Sumiaty , Buton La Husni
Published: August 2022

The objectives of this study are 1) to describe the pattern of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency; 2) identify the factors that influence the cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The theory used to see patterns of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural society in Buru Regency, namely the theory of Wagnil and Young, while to identify the factors for the emergence of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural society in Buru Regency, Reivich and Shatte theory are used. Data obtained from primary data and secondary data. The location of this research is in Namlea Village, Namlea District, Buru Regency. The method of data collection in this study is the observation method with the techniques used, namely field surveys (field studies), interviews (interviews), documentation studies, and literature studies.The results showed that the cultural resilience pattern of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency, especially in the Namlea community, focused on five aspects of resilience, namely Meaningful Life (purpose); Perseverance; Equanimity; Sell-reliance; Coming home to your self. These five aspects gave birth to patterns of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency, especially for the Namlea community, such as fostering an attitude of tolerance, mutual respect, mutual respect, helping each other, building intimacy, and helping each other for the sake of a safe, comfortable, peaceful life. , and prosper. While the factors that influence the emergence of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural communities in Buru Regency, namely the protective factor in which the Namlea community, Buru Regency has a positive self-concept of attitudes, behavior, perceptions to be applied in the community environment. This support is obtained from the family environment, school environment, community environment.