bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement instruments for parental stress in the postpartum period: A scoping review
Authors: Øygarden Anne-Martha Utne , Berg Rigmor C. , Abudayya Abdallah , Glavin Kari , Strøm Benedicte Sørensen
Published: March 2022

Background

Parenting stress is a particular type of stress that is conceptualized as a negative psychological response to the numerous obligations associated with raising children. Despite a considerable increase in research on parenting stress, little attention has been given to the ways parenting stress are measured.

Objectives

This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of available instruments measuring parental stress and to describe their psychometric properties.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review in accordance with international guidelines for scoping reviews. The main search strategy was searches in seven electronic databases. Pairs of reviewers selected relevant studies based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies had to report one or more psychometric properties of an instrument measuring stress in parents with children 0–12 months. For each included study, we collected information relevant to the review question, guided by the COnsensus based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). Finally, we collated, summarized, and reported the findings descriptively.

Results

From 2164 unique record, 64 studies from 24 countries were included. They described 15 instruments, of which four were generic and eleven parental-specific self-administered instruments. Only two studies examined parental stress among fathers. Eleven of the studies were validation studies, but they only described seven of the 15 instruments. Internal consistency was the only information provided by 73.4% of the included studies. None of the instruments had information on all measurement properties as per the COSMIN criteria, and there was no information about measurement error, responsiveness, or interpretability for any of the 15 instruments.

Discussion

There are presently 15 instruments with some associated psychometric information being used to measure parental stress among parents with young children, but the amount of information on the instruments’ psychometric properties is slight. There is a need for further research.
González-Sanz, Marina, Catalina Fuentes Rodríguez y Ester Brenes Peña (coords.) (2020): (Des)cortesía, actividades de imagen e identidad. Sevilla: Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 432 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-472-3020-4
Authors: Bertomeu Pi Pau
Published: March 2022

Reseña de: "(Des)cortesía, actividades de imagen e identidad" (Coords.) (2020) González-Sanz, Marina, Catalina Fuentes Rodríguez y Ester Brenes Peña. Sevilla: Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 432 pp. ISBN: 978-84-472-3020-4.
Fuertemente atados: Adverbios intensificadores en -mente y colocaciones en castellano medieval
Authors: García Pérez Rafael
Published: March 2022

Este artículo se centra en las estructuras colocacionales formadas por los adverbios en -mente con valor intensivo del español medieval. Se parte, para ello, del concepto de colocación planteado por la Lexicología Explicativa y Combinatoria. Los datos obtenidos y los ejemplos citados proceden del vaciado sistemático de los corpus CORDE (Corpus diacrónico del español, RAE) y CDH (Corpus del Nuevo diccionario histórico del español) para las estructuras que constituyen nuestro objeto de estudio. Se especifican y comentan todos los segundos términos de la comparación encontrados según criterios de frecuencia y dispersión. Se constata que las colocaciones en que se integran los adverbios intensificadores incluyen, sobre todo, núcleos verbales. Es posible que también existieran colocaciones con adjetivos no participiales e incluso otros adverbios, pero los corpus no arrojan testimonios (solo cabe rastrear algunos ejemplos aislados de combinaciones con ciertos adjetivos), quizá porque en esta época se hallan en las primeras etapas de su desarrollo (probablemente a partir de una estructura primaria de adverbio + participio), o quizá también, en parte, porque los textos conservados son aún escasos y no totalmente representativos. Se pone de manifiesto la existencia de algunas colocaciones de gran éxito (llorar / combatir / herir fuertemente; herir fieramente; desamar mortalmente; pagar enteramente) y otras menos extendidas pero ya asentadas en el uso (conocer enteramente, destruir totalmente…). Los adverbios intensificadores más extendidos que dan lugar a un mayor número de colocaciones y desde más temprano son fuertemente y fieramente para los que encontramos, ya en el siglo XIII, si no antes, solidaridades léxicas muy relevantes que se van ampliando a medida que avanza la Edad Media. Las colocaciones con otros adverbios intensificadores (exceptuando altamente) se desarrollan solo a partir del siglo XIV y, sobre todo, en el siglo XV, lo que hemos de interpretar como una consecuencia de la integración progresiva de este tipo de adverbios en el discurso. En algunos casos, ello supuso un desequilibrio entre estos adverbios y sus posibles variantes de colocación, constituidas por formas cortas o locuciones adverbiales, de las que también se da cuenta en este trabajo. Los datos aportados a lo largo del artículo permiten apreciar cómo empieza a construirse uno de los paradigmas colocacionales más interesantes de nuestra lengua.
Dampak Perluasan Lahan Tambak Terhadap Keanekaragaman Makrozoobenthos Di Ekosistem Mangrove
Authors: Mahmudin Mahmudin , Sakaria Fajria Sari , Veranika Veranika
Published: March 2022

Pengalihan fungsi lahan mangrove menjadi tambak masyarakat telah menyebabkan proses abrasi dan sedimentasi yang cukup parah, sehingga diduga menyebabkan kontaminasi terhadap keberadaan biota pada lahan tersebut salah satunya yaitu organisme benthos. Berdasarkan kajian literatur terjadi kenaikan luasan tambak di kota Palopo dari 815 ha pada tahun 2005 menjadi 1.566 ha di tahun 2019. Kenaikan luasan tambak tersebut dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kelestarian ekosistem mangrove dan biota-biota yang berasosiasi dengan lahan mangrove khususnya organisme benthos. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kondisi keanekaragaman organisme benthos yang berada pada ekosistem mangrove yang telah diubah menjadi area tambak di Kota Palopo. Lokasi pengamatan  terbagi dalam satu kawasan ekosistem mangrove yang telah di konversi menjadi lahan tambak dan satu kawasan ekosistem mangrove yang tidak dikonversi menjadi lahan mangrove (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai keanekaragaman lebih tinggi di peroleh pada lokasi kontrol dibandingkan dengan lokasi tambak. Lokasi kontrol memiliki nilai keanekargaman 1,315 dan lokasi tambak  nilai 0,223.ABSTRACTThe conversion of the function of mangrove land into community ponds has caused a process of abrasion and sedimentation that is quite severe, so it is suspected that it causes contamination of the presence of biota on the land, one of which is benthic organisms. Based on a literature review, there was an increase in the area of ponds in the city of Palopo from 815 ha in 2005 to 1,566 ha in 2019. The increase in pond area can have an impact on the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem and the biota associated with mangrove land, especially benthic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of benthos biodiversity in the mangrove ecosystem that has been converted into a pond area in Palopo City. The observation location is divided into one mangrove ecosystem area that has been converted into pond land and one mangrove ecosystem area that has not been converted to mangrove land (control). The results showed that higher diversity values were obtained at the control location compared to the pond location. The control location has a diversity value of 1.315 and the location of the pond has a value of 0.223.
Erector spine plane block as a universal, safe and effective component of multimodal anesthesia
Authors: Barsa M. M.
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of evidence-based medicine in Ukraine and in the the world clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of multimodal anesthesia in the perioperative period. In addition to oral and intravenous nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the use of regional methods of anesthesia plays a special role. The safety, efficacy of regional anesthesia and the reduction of intra- and postoperative complications are no longer in doubt. There is no anatomical area that cannot be anesthetized without the use of peripheral or central nerve blocks. However, the issue of which block as well as its anatomical basis should be used to minimize the risk for patients has to date been debatable and relevant.
The aim: to review and analyze modern sources of information in the field of anesthesiology, intensive care, and regional anesthesia; to determine the place of the ESP block among other fascial blocks and demonstrate the world experience and features of applying ESP block in different pathologies and in different surgical interventions.
The main and continuing priority in the daily work of an anesthesiologist is patient safety and the principle – “Do no harm”. A huge range of regional anesthesia methods are popular among anesthesiologists and intensivists. However, it is still unclear which one of these is as safe as it is effective.
Conclusions. ESP block is a universal, effective and relatively simple method of regional anesthesia, which effectively improves patient outcomes and reduces the number of intra- and postoperative complications.
Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of formation, early diagnosis, and medicated correction of cardiorenal disorders in men with hypertension against the background of purine metabolism disturbance
Authors: Dudko O. V.
Published: March 2022

Aim: to review literary sources and analyse the modern view of the mechanisms of development of kidney and heart damage in patients with combination of hypertension (HP) and hyperuricemia and methods of their medicated correction.
Materials and methods. A review of the scientific literature for the last 10 years was done. It demonstrates that today high levels of uric acid (UA) are considered not only as a consequence of deteriorating renal function, but also as one of the factors of renal damage. The role of the kidneys in the pathogenesis and development of hypertension is the subject of a lively debate, whose significance is determined by the presence of a long period of latent renal dysfunction. According to the literature, in patients with essential hypertension, a direct correlation was found between the uric acids level and the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). Early diagnosis of heart lesions is possible using speckle-tracking echocardiography, which is an innovative technology for studying myocardial deformation, allowing subclinical diagnosis of heart muscle lesions. This technique is informative in hypertension even in the absence of hypertrophy and LVDD. The article also elucidates modern methods for diagnosing kidney damage against the background of hypertension, in particular, lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL). However, the significance of this biomarker in impaired renal function under conditions of hyperuricemia has not been studied. According to the literature, cystatin C is a marker of early diagnosis of cardiovascular events and a marker of renal glomerular function in the absence of an increase in serum creatinine levels. The role of this marker has been proven for many diseases of the kidneys and the cardiovascular system; however, there are no data on their definition as markers of damage to the heart and kidneys in hypertension in conditions of hyperuricemia.
Conclusions. The identification of causal relationships and mechanisms of complications in hypertensive patients with purine metabolism disturbance needs further study. Therefore, early diagnosis of structural and functional changes in the main target organs (in particular, the heart and kidneys) and the determination of biochemical markers (NGAL, cystatin C) to identify their functional disturbances at the preclinical stage are important.
Dynamics of TNF-α and INF-γ content in blood serum in connection with the marker profile of patients with acute hepatitis B at different degrees of severity of the disease
Authors: Khelemendyk A. B.
Published: March 2022

The aim – is to analyze the dynamics of the content of TNF-α and INF-γ in the serum in connection with the marker profile of patients with acute hepatitis B at different degrees of severity of the disease.
Materials and methods. 32 patients with AHB were examined in the dynamics of the disease with the determination of HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBe, the content of TNF-α and IFN-γ by ELISA. Statistical processing was performed in Statistica 13 for Windows (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J).
Results. Patients with severe (40.6 %) and moderate (37.5 %) courses of the disease predominate among patients with AHB. Severe course of AHB, compared with the moderate course, was characterized by higher levels of hyperbilirubinemia (P < 0.05), cytolytic syndrome (P < 0.05), hypoproteinemia (P < 0.05), and signs of hypocoagulation (P < 0.05). HBsAg (P < 0.05) was more often observed in patients with moderate and severe AHB (P < 0.05) in the absence of a difference in the frequency of seroconversion for HBeAg. Seroconversion of HBsAg/anti-HBs at 6 months was lowest after mild (66.7 %), compared with moderate (91.7 %) and severe (100.0 %) (P > 0.05) course of the disease. Regardless of the severity of AHB, the content of TNF-α was higher (P < 0.05) than in healthy individuals and highest in the severe course of the disease (P < 0.05). The content of INF-γ was higher than in healthy individuals (P < 0.05), regardless of the severity of the disease. TNF-α correlated with the severity of AHB (r = 0.57, P < 0.05), the level of total bilirubin (r = 0.65, P < 0.05), INR (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) and PI (r = -0.48, P < 0.05) at hospitalization.
Conclusions. Patients with severe (40.6 %) and moderate (37.5 %) courses of the disease predominate among the hospitalized patients with AHB. At hospitalization, the content of TNF-α is highest in the severe course of the disease (P < 0.05). The content of INF-γ is higher than in healthy individuals (P < 0.05), regardless of the severity of the course of AHB. At hospitalization, all patients were positive for HBsAg and IgM anti-HBcorAg, the vast majority of patients for HBeAg. Positive HBsAg was more often (P < 0.05) in patients with a moderate course of AHB during discharge from the hospital. HBeAg was preserved in 28.6 % of patients with the mild course. Chronic HBV infection was observed in 3.6 % of patients with the mild course.
How to Behave Like a Good Banker?
Authors: Laaper Peter , Busch Danny
Published: March 2022

In April 2015, as a means for improving the integrity of the banking sector, The Netherlands adopted a Disciplinary Law for bankers. In this article, the authors discuss the Banker’s Oath by which bank employees are bound to the disciplinary law, the disciplinary procedures and sanctions that can be imposed, which acts of bankers do and do not fall within the scope of the disciplinary law, conflicts of interest that may exist between bank employee and the bank that employs, the question whether banks that notify an employee must or must not anonimise files that they provide to the disciplinary committee, the limited transparency of decisions of the Disciplinary Committee, whether accused bank employees have a right to a fair trial, and the independence and impartiality of the Disciplinary Committee. We also discuss a selection of cases that have been brought before the Disciplinary Committee.The Dutch example of a banker’s disciplinary law will be followed by Belgium. The authors compare the Belgian draft bill for a banker’s disciplinary law with the Dutch system.
Protection of shareholders in cross-border mergers: the new harmonized rules
Authors: Papadopoulos Thomas
Published: March 2022

This article aims at analyzing the new harmonized rules for the protection of shareholders in cross-border mergers. The new Art. 126 a of Directive 2019/2121 introduced for the first time harmonized provisions on the protection of shareholders in cross-border mergers. After a brief discussion of the previous regime, the rights of the new harmonized legal framework of shareholders’ protection under Art. 126 a of Directive 2019/2121 are scrutinized: the right of dissenting minority shareholders to dispose of their shares for adequate cash compensation (exit right), the right to claim additional cash compensation in case of an inadequate initial cash compensation and the right to challenge the share exchange ratio and to claim a cash payment. The minimum harmonization nature of the protection of shareholders in cross-border mergers is also scrutinized. Additionally, this article discusses the status of national law mechanisms for the protection of shareholders after the adoption of new Art. 126 a of Directive 2019/2121. Another interesting issue is the right balance between the effective protection of shareholders and the facilitation of the process of cross-border mergers. There are also some interesting questions for consideration. A few concluding remarks are deduced.
Study on the interfacial interaction between ammonium perchlorate and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene in solid propellants by molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Dong Ge , Liu Hengzhi , Deng Lei , Yu Haiyang , Zhou Xing , Tang Xianqiong , Li Wei
Published: March 2022

The interfacial interaction between the main oxidant filler ammonium perchlorate (AP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) matrix in AP/HTPB propellants were studied via an all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. The results of the simulation showed the effects of the microscopic cross-linked structure of the matrix, stretching rate during uniaxial stretching, and contact area between the filler and matrix on the mechanical properties, such as the stress and strain of the composite solid propellant. Among the aforementioned factors, the stretching rate considerably affects the mechanical properties of the solid propellant, and the maximum stress of the solid propellant proportionally increases with the stretching rate. When defects were introduced on the surface of the AP filler, the contact area between the filler and matrix affected the strain type of the matrix molecules. Owing to the interaction between the molecules and atoms, the strain behaviour of the matrix molecule changed with the change in its microscopic cross-linked structure during uniaxial stretching. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore the characteristics at the AP–HTPB interface in AP/HTPB propellants. The aforementioned simulation results further revealed the interfacial interaction mechanism of the AP–HTPB matrix and provided a theoretical basis for the design of high-performance propellants.
Development and butyrylcholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibition potential of PVA-Berberis lycium nanofibers
Authors: Ibrahim Nihal Abdalla , Kaleem Saba , Khan Abida Kalsoom , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential inhibitory effect of montmorillonite (MMT)-reinforced, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) nanofibers loaded with root extract of Berberis lycium on monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO A and B) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by using slightly modified Ellman’s test and Amplex Red monoamine oxidase assay, respectively. Enzyme inhibition studies of extract-loaded nanofibers showed significant inhibitory potential against MAO A, B, and BChE. There was an increase in enzyme inhibition with an increased extract concentration loaded to nanofibers. The fibers were characterized by TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffractometry), and FTIR (Fourier-transform infra-red) spectroscopy to investigate thermal stability, morphology, structural changes, and functional groups in the nanofibers, respectively. SEM results of fabricated nanofibers reflected the beadless and smooth morphology of nanofibers with the porous structure. The contact angle measurements of fabricated nanofibers showed suitable hydrophilicity of nanofibers. The nanofibers loaded with the root extract of Berberis lycium have been found to be potent inhibitors of MAO A, B, and the BChE enzyme.
John Stuart Mill is relevant to COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy today
Authors: Chervenak Frank A. , Moreno Jonathan D. , Grünebaum Amos
Published: March 2022

The scientific evidence about COVID-19 and pregnancy is conclusive: COVID-19 infections increase the risk of stillbirths and preterm births, and pregnant and postpartum patients are more likely to get severely ill with COVID-19 and die when compared with people who are not pregnant. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine protects from severe illness from COVID-19 and risk of death. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for pregnant patients, those trying to conceive, and who are breastfeeding, or might become pregnant in the future. The justification for government involvement in public health measures that restrict personal liberty that we are so familiar with today emanated from a philosophical source at the same time as the progress in managing infectious disease. John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), an empiricist and a utilitarian, was not specifically addressing the ethics of public health in his classic On Liberty (1859), but his arguments have become the reference point for liberal democracies and public health measures. Mill was in search of a philosophical principle that could justify constraints on personal freedom. John Stuart Mill gives direct guidance to our approach supporting not only strong recommendations for pregnant patients to accept vaccinations against COVID-19 but also for those working in healthcare setting to be required to be vaccinated. This approach is respectful to our patient’s liberty while doing all that’s reasonable to protect them from harm. Based on our professional experience we recognize that some physicians and patients have fixed false beliefs. Physicians espousing fixed false beliefs against COVID-19 vaccines should be censured.
Cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of molybdenum and tungsten disulphide on human bronchial cells
Authors: Zapór Lidia , Chojnacka-Puchta Luiza , Sawicka Dorota , Miranowicz-Dzierżawska Katarzyna , Skowroń Jolanta
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory responses induced by tungsten disulphide (WS2) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) nanoparticles (NPs) in human bronchial cells (BEAS-2B). For cytotoxicity assessment, the cells were exposed to different concentrations (2.5–200 µg/mL) of WS2-NPs or MoS2-NPs for 24 and 48 h and then the MTT assay was performed. Afterwards, long-term toxicity was assessed by the colony forming efficiency assay (CFEA) during a 10 days’ exposure of the cells. For pro-inflammatory responses, the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA was estimated by the real-time PCR method. Both nanomaterials showed similar cytotoxic effects on BEAS-2B cells assessed by the MTT assay, i.e. reduction in cell viability to approx. 60–70% at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 μg/mL after 24 and 48 h. The percentage viability remained relatively constant at this level across all concentrations above 5 μg/mL. In long-term exposure, both nanomaterials inhibited colony formation in a wide range of concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. MoS2-NPs were slightly more cytotoxic than WS2-NPs. Additionally, MoS2-NPs caused an increase in mRNA levels of cytokines, IL-1β, and IL-6 at concentration of 50 µg/mL, while WS2-NPs did not cause any changes in the level of mRNA for both cytokines. We also visualised the changes in the cells as a result of WS2-NPs or MoS2-NPs exposure (2.5 and 25 µg/mL) via holotomographic microscopy. This work demonstrates the hazardous potential of both nanomaterials and indicate that WS2 and MoS2 nanoparticles should be included in the occupational risk assessment.
Study on the Fracture Mechanisms of a Grade 91 Steel at 600°C via Interrupted Miniature Tensile Testing
Authors: Huang Suxia , Sun Wei , Li Hezong , Sun Wei
Published: March 2022

The study of the deformation and fracture mechanisms of power plant materials at elevated service temperature is of utmost importance in structural integrity assessment. In this work, interrupted miniature uniaxial tensile tests (MUTT) have been conducted to investigate the fracture evolution mechanisms for a Grade 91 steel at 600°C. The engineering stress–strain curves of the MUTT can be divided into six different stages, including the elastic stage, strain hardening stage, homogeneous plastic deformation stage, necking across the transverse and thickness direction stage, and finally, the fracture propagation stage. In addition to full history tests, MUTT were interrupted in each of the different stages to study the entire failure process evolution from the uniform deformation, necking to specimen separation, using optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It has been shown that the necking of the interrupted testing specimens appears at Stage IV across the width direction prior to the thickness direction at Stage V. The thickness direction necking would lead to fracture rapidly. The void coalescence directly caused by damage has been observed in Stage VI.
Advances in Spectral Techniques for Detection of Pathogenic Microorganisms
Authors: Xin Zixuan , Chen Jiating , Peng Hongjuan
Published: March 2022

The highly contagious viral illness Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, has led to nearly 5 million deaths worldwide. The detection of highly infectious pathogens or novel pathogens causing emerging infectious diseases is highly challenging. Encouragingly, spectral detection—including laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and their combinations—has been broadly used to detect pathogenic microorganisms on the basis of their physical and chemical characteristics. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with labels can detect organisms at a minimum concentration of 3 cells/mL. The changes in cells’ biochemical reactions before and after polioviral infection can be detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, the sensitivity and specificity of different spectral detection categories differs, owing to their different detection principles. Flexible detection methods require interdisciplinary researchers familiar with both pathogen biology and instruments. This review summarizes the advances in spectral techniques used in detecting pathogenic microorganism.
Naltrexone/bupropion modifies weight, food intake, and Drd2 gene expression in rats
Authors: Roberto da Silva Gilvanildo , Carneiro Mariane Gomes , Barbosa Miriam Pereira , Costa Jaciane de Almeida , de Souza Ivone Antonia , dos Santos Oliveira Lisiane , de Vasconcelos Diogo Antonio Alves , do Nascimento Elizabeth , Matos Rhowena Jane Barbosa , Lopes de Souza Sandra , de Freitas Manuela Figueiroa Lyra
Published: March 2022

Obesogenic diets are known to induce obesity and changes in food intake in experimental animals. Obesity negatively affects the peripheral metabolism and neural aspects, such as changes in eating behavior. In obese animals, dopamine (DA) receptor levels are reduced. DA is one of the main peptides involved in the motivation and pleasure of eating. A combination of naltrexone/bupropion (NB) has shown promise in controlling metabolic alterations, but there are few studies on how they modulate dopaminergic expression. NB, in addition to reducing food intake and body weight, can modify tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) and DA receptor D2 (Drd2) levels in the mesolimbic areas of rats submitted to a high-fat diet (HF). The study evaluated the effect of NB on food intake, body weight, and expression levels of Th, Drd1a, and Drd2, in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of rats fed on HF diet. Wistar rats were grouped according to diet: standard (n  = 20) and HF diet (n  = 20). The food intake and body weight were analyzed. The gene expression of Th, Drd1a, and Drd2 was evaluated using real-time PCR. NB combination of 1 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg reduced food intake and body weight, increased Drd2 expression in rats on HF diet, and increased Th in rats on both experimental diets. The level of Drd1a was unchanged. We concluded that bodyweight reduction may be associated with decreased food intake in response to the increased Drd2 expression in the mesolimbic areas of rats that received an HF diet.
Detección de carbapenemasas NDM en klebsiella pneumoniae utilizando el método modificado de inactivación del carbapenémico
Authors: Lovera-Garcia Margarita , Roque-Alcarraz Mirtha
Published: March 2022

Klebsiella pneumoniae productora de carbapenemasa tipo Nueva Delhi Metalobetalactamasa (NDM) genera un grave problema en la salud pública debido a su mecanismo de resistencia antibiótica y rápida diseminación, causando altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados al agotarse las opciones de terapia antibiótica. El objetivo del estudio fue la detección de carbapenemasas NDM en Klebsiella pneumoniae utilizando el método modificado de inactivación del carbapenémico. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal utilizando aislados clínicos de un hospital nivel IV de Lima (Perú) en los meses de marzo a mayo de 2018. Se trabajó con 40 aislados clínicos de Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes a carbapenémicos, positivos para el gen NDM y 15 aislados clínicos de Klebsiella pneumoniae sensibles a carbapenémicos, negativos para el gen NDM. La identificación del gen se realizó por PCR convencional. El mCIM en Klebsiella pneumoniae tipo NDM demostró una sensibilidad y especificidad del 100% y kappa de 1 comparado con el método PCR. Se recomienda en los laboratorios la implementación del mCIM para detección de carbapenemasas tipo NDM en Klebsiella pneumoniae como método rápido, fácil, de bajo costo y oportuno para control de diseminación hospitalaria de este tipo de bacterias.
Prevalencia de genes de resistencia a fluconazol y voriconazol de cepas de Candida albicans aisladas de pacientes del Complejo Hospitalario Policial Luis Nicasio Sáenz – 2018
Authors: Ponce-Medina Alberto Javier , Inostroza-Ruiz Luis Alberto
Published: March 2022

En la presente investigación se trata de una infección sistémica en pacientes con fungemia donde fueron aisladas cepas de C. albicans a partir de hemocultivos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de genes resistentes a fluconazol y voriconazol en cepas de Candida albicans aisladas de hemocultivos en pacientes del Complejo Hospitalario Policial Luis Nicasio Sáenz-2018. Se recolectaron 176 cepas de Candida spp. que fueron aisladas de hemocultivos y para la identificación de C. albicans, se realizó la prueba de tubo germinativo y se confirmó con la prueba de identificación MicroScan RAPID YEAST ID PANEL. Para la prueba de susceptibilidad se realizó el método de difusión en disco, luego se realizó un análisis por PCR para obtener el secuenciamiento con el ABI 3730xl (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, EE.UU.) del gen ERG11 y ser analizado por BLAST y MEGA 6.0, obteniendo como resultado que 39 (22 %) fueron C. albicans. Se determinó que la resistencia a fluconazol y voriconazol fue 3 (7,7 %) y 2 (5,1 %) respectivamente para C. albicans, de las cepas aisladas de C. albicans con resistencia a los azoles (fluconazol y voriconazol) fueron tres las cepas resistentes a más de un antifúngico. En las tres cepas (cepa_Ca1, cepa_Ca2 y cepa_Ca3), se determinó la presencia del gen ERG11. Para la caracterización genotípica del gen ERG11, se realizó el secuenciamiento y luego se compararon con la secuencia publicada en GenBank de C. albicans del gen ERG11 cuya secuencia genómica AY856352 de 1587 pb. Por lo tanto, en las tres cepas (cepa_Ca1, cepa_Ca2 y cepa_Ca3) aisladas, se encontró más de una mutación. La mutación en el T769C está relacionada en el cambio de aminoácidos Y257H que se encontraron en las tres cepas, concluyendo que el Y257H está relacionado con una susceptibilidad reducida para los azoles.
Máximos y mínimos de funciones cuasiperiódicas
Authors: Arguedas Vernor , Castro Edwin
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se presentan algunos ejemplos y resultados de los máximos y mínimo de funciones cuasiperiódicas de acuerdo a los resultados presentados en: On a conjecture of Alexandr Fischer, http://cariari.ucr.ac.cr/~vargueda/fischerconj.pdf. Además se enfatiza en los problemas gráficos que surgen en este contexto.
Optimización de costos en la experimentación industrial
Authors: Domínguez Domínguez Jorge
Published: March 2022

Se plantean diferentes casos para estudiar los costos en procesos industriales. La función de pérdida considera los costos de no calidad, se presenta el modelo que describe los costos asociados a los niveles (valores) de los factores (variables) que se relacionan a las características del proceso. Además, se muestra los costos debidos a no cumplir con especificaciones y los referentes a tolerancias de las componentes de un producto. En cada una de estas situaciones se formulan los procedimientos para optimizar costos sin repercutir en las propiedades de calidad en la producción. Tanto la función objetivo como las restricciones son modelos de regresión que se obtienen mediante métodos estadísticos de diseño de experimentos.
Perezhivanie in Action
Authors: Agnoletto Matheus André , de Carvalho Kuerten Dellagnelo Adriana , Johnson Karen E.
Published: March 2022

Analyzing a teacher’s perezhivanie shows how she both cognitively and emotionally experiences dramatic events and the mediation provided in response to such events, uncovering her professional development. This paper’s objective is threefold: (i) to illustrate how a novice English teacher’s perezhivanie refracts the contradictions she faces when her practice is inquired into by a more experienced peer; (ii) to analyze the quality and character of his mediation in response to these events; and (iii) to trace how the novice teacher’s perezhivanie shapes her professional development. Nine classroom observations followed by post-observation interviews were conducted. The findings illustrate how the teacher’s refraction of dramatic events and the responsive mediation offered allowed her to (re)visit and (re)shape her professional identity and activity.
Effect of Mediated Learning in Teacher-Child Interactions in Urban and Rural Primary School Classrooms
Authors: Villalta Paucar Marco Antonio , Budnik Cecilia Assael , Delgado-Vásquez Ana Esther , Torres-Acuña William , Lebeer Jo
Published: March 2022

The objective is to analyze teacher-child interactions through Mediated Exchanges (ME) for the promotion of autonomous learning in primary education in different socio-educational contexts. We conducted a quasi-experimental study with an intervention group (IG) and control group (CG), composed of 16 teachers of students between 5 and 7 years of age, of urban and rural schools in Chile. In the IG, we implemented a feedback program. In both groups, actual classes were filmed pre- and post-program, and Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices Scale (CPM) was applied to 117 participating students. The results indicate that after the feedback, the frequency of ME in the IG increased significantly compared with the CG, in urban and rural classrooms; the children of the IG significantly increased average score ranges obtained in the CPM test. Rural and urban classrooms differed in the kind of mediated exchanges.
Internalizing Interactions
Authors: Carr Nicholas
Published: March 2022

This study uses Activity Theory to explore how knowledge is constructed during peer-to-peer interactions and how this knowledge is used in individual output. Adopting a case study approach, two participants collaboratively processed feedback on jointly produced texts on four occasions. Data were collected through video recordings of participants processing feedback; collaborative writing tasks; individual writing and speaking tasks; and retrospective interviews. I investigated how participants used their dominant language and an inanimate expert (such as online dictionaries) to construct knowledge when responding to feedback, and then examined individual output to explore how this knowledge was drawn upon in similar, but not identical, tasks. Findings indicate use of the dominant language and an inanimate expert was interdependent with other aspects of the activity, in particular the rules and language learning beliefs. While participants’ individual output indicates this knowledge was drawn upon, it also shows that not all learning was evidenced in output.
Retencja górskich lasów południowej Polski elementem ochrony zasobów wodnych
Authors:   Zakład Podstaw Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Odpadami, Instytut Rolnictwa, Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska, Kolegium Nauk Przyrodniczych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Arast Piotr , Zapałowska Anita ,   Zakład Podstaw Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Odpadami, Instytut Rolnictwa, Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska, Kolegium Nauk Przyrodniczych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska
Published: March 2022

Conducting retention activities is an effective way to increase the country's water resources. Of the European countries, Poland is one of the poorest countries in terms of water. They are almost 2.7 times smaller than the EU average. The total annual amount of precipitation in our country does not change, but we observe its intensity at short intervals. This ensures more intense and faster drainage, which causes damage and a risk of drought. Water retention is one of the first "front lines" in the fight against flooding. Increasing the retention capacity of areas contributes significantly to improving water management. The article presents the functioning of the water retention system in mountain forests. Small retention plays a positive role in improving the conditions of forest areas and is an important element necessary for the preservation and improvement of the natural environment.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOESPACIAL INCLUSIVO NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS
Authors: STÜRMER ARTHUR BRENO
Published: March 2022

O desenvolvimento é tema de interesse de várias áreas do conhecimento, dentre elas a Geografia. As abordagens e análises tendem a limitar-se à dimensão econômica, ignorando outras faces do desenvolvimento. Cabe, pois, ampliar a noção para a socioespacialidade, a territorialidade e a ideia de inclusão social. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o desenvolvimento em sua dimensão espacial e inclusiva, a partir dos Institutos Federais. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa documental sobre a literatura geográfica e a legislação que trata dos Institutos Federais. Ao final, tem-se como resultado a proposição de uma concepção de denominada desenvolvimento socioespacial inclusivo, que ativa o olhar geográfico sobre o desenvolvimento, aproximando-o conceitualmente da realidade concreta das instituições educacionais, além atentar às populações vulneráveis em sua diversidade e direitos. Conclui-se pela necessidade de se considerar, na análise espacial, o desenvolvimento possível aos Institutos Federais: aquele que promove a abertura do espaço institucional à inclusão, na interface com as comunidades locais.
PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL ENTRE PROFESSORES DE ENSINO MÉDIO QUE ABORDAM A TEMÁTICA EM SUAS PRÁTICAS
Authors: Silva Carlos Eduardo Marques da , Teixeira Simone Ferreira
Published: March 2022

Compreendendo que as concepções de Educação Ambiental entre os docentes guiam suas práticas profissionais, buscamos reconhecer como professores de ensino médio visualizam a Educação Ambiental, como as inserem em seus planos e se sua prática se orienta para a mudança de paradigmas, protagonismo e pensamento crítico entre os discentes. Delineou-se a pesquisa numa abordagem qualitativa-descritiva, utilizando-se de questionário e entrevista semiestruturada junto a professores de escolas públicas e privadas da cidade do Recife – PE. Percebeu-se o predomínio de uma visão pragmática e naturalista da Educação Ambiental, que guarda relação com a noção presente nos discursos oficiais, e uma atuação tradicional-conservadora em sua prática como culminância de um conjunto de problemas implicados em seu fazer docente desde a formação inicial, gerando insegurança ou fuga da atuação interdisciplinar e para a educação ambiental. Tais profissionais precisam ser devidamente formados, instrumentalizados, e inseridos no centro dos debates, para que uma saída para a atual crise socioambiental se torne uma possibilidade.
PERFILAGEM ELÉTRICA DE DESAGUAMENTO DE AREIA INDUZIDO POR VIBRAÇÃO
Authors: Reis Jonathan Leandro , Da Luz José Aurélio Medeiros , Vardanega Fábio
Published: March 2022

Resumo: A perfilagem eletrorresistiva da umidade no leito de areia quartzosa sobre tela vibratória em escala piloto foi tratado aqui. No que tange à configuração do eletrodos para medição de eletrorresistividade, o arranjo Wenner alfa clássico foi usado, exigindo espaçamento igual entre os eletrodos e  mesma profundidade de penetração e alinhamento corretos. Aqui, a influência de pequenas variações na profundidade de penetração e falta de colinearidade dos eletrodos nas leituras de umidade, usando um eletrorresistivímetro digital e eletrodos de cobre, foi avaliada. As profundidades de penetração estudadas foram de 50 mm e 55 mm. Por sua vez, o desalinhamento testado dos eletrodos foi de 10 mm. O único fator que causou efeito estatisticamente significativo nas medições foi a profundidade de penetração de eletrodo, ao menos na faixa aqui estudada.Title: ELECTRICAL PROFILING OF VIBRATION-INDUCED DEWATERING OF SANDAbstract: Electrorresistive profiling of moisture inside a quartz sand bed on a pilot-scale vibrating screen was treated here. As electrode or probe configuration for resistivity measurement is concerned, the classical Wenner ? array was used, requiring equal electrode spacing, and correct penetration depth and alignment. Here, the influence of small variations in penetration depth and lack of probe collinearity on the moisture readings, using a digital earth resistance tester and copper wires as probes, was evaluated. The penetration depths studied were 50 mm and 55 mm. In turn, the electrode misalignment tested was 10 mm. The only factor that has caused a statistically significant effect in measurements was probe penetration depth, at least under the range tested here.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA
Authors: Crestani Leticia Novak , Cracco Isabela Fernandes , Schoffen Gustavo Luiz OLiveira , Mangili Otávio Celeste , Nishida Fernanda Shizue , MASSUDA ELY MITIE
Published: March 2022

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a qualidade de vida dos estudantes de medicina, nos diferentes estágios da formação, do primeiro ao sexto ano do curso. Para a pesquisa de corte transversal, descritivo e exploratório, além de questionário socioeconômico, a escala de Flanagan composta por 15 itens foi utilizada para a determinação da qualidade de vida estratificando o grau de satisfação individual em relação ao bem-estar físico e mental, relacionamentos, atividades sociais, comunitárias e cívicas, recreação e desenvolvimento e enriquecimento pessoal. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva dos resultados e o teste de Spearman foi aplicado para avaliar as correlações obtidas com o ano de curso e as questões do instrumento utilizado. As correlações obtidas mostraram-se fracas, mas indicaram que quanto maior a série em que o estudante se encontra, menor a satisfação em relação em alguns componentes da escala.
DEFINIÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO, TRABALHO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EM ESTUDOS SOBRE O PROGRAMA NACIONAL MULHERES MIL NO BRASIL
Authors: Duarte Tathyane Torres da Silva , Azevedo Márcio Adriano de
Published: March 2022

Objetiva-se analisar estudos sobre o Programa Nacional Mulheres Mil (PMM) nas produções acadêmicas dos Programas de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu do Brasil, realizando o levantamento quantitativo, as regiões em que foram produzidas, considerando para análise as concepções de educação, trabalho e políticas públicas definidas nos trabalhos. Parte-se do entendimento de que política pública é ação de Estado e que essas são direcionadas para solucionar problemas sociais. Assim, problematiza o direcionamento do PMM às mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento (ou estado da arte) que tem como finalidade levantar dados sobre o conhecimento produzido a respeito da temática, por meio do mapeamento sobre o que outros pesquisadores já publicaram. Os resultados apontaram que os trabalhos em sua maioria discutem sobre educação e trabalho e articulam a visão de mercado de trabalho a partir da compreensão de que as políticas públicas tem um papel fundamental no progresso de uma sociedade, nesse sentido, é importante refletir sobre a qualificação das pessoas, que se possa proporcionar um desenvolvimento para além do mercado de trabalho.
Collaborative Decision-Making: Concepts and Supporting Information and Communication Technology Tools and Systems
Authors: Filip Florin Gheorghe
Published: March 2022

Collaboration means in substance that several entities such as humans, computers, robots, enterprises and so on jointly perform a certain task instead of working individually so that a better result could be obtained. Decision-making is a specific form of activity, commonly carried out by human agents, which is meant to eventually select a certain course of action which is expected to result in attaining a desired result. The chapter is meant to present a concise and balanced view of the basic concepts and main classes of supporting information and communication tools and systems regarding decision-making processes carried out by several collaborating human agents called participants. The reasons for collaboration are briefly explained followed by an exposure of collaboration application in the multi-participant decision-making settings. Having presented the classification of decision problems and decision-making units, the main phases of a specific multi-participant form of Herbert Simon’s decision process model are described followed by the presentation of two main forms of close and soft collaboration, namely consensus building and crowdsourcing, respectively. The need for technology support offered to collaborating participants is justified and two main classes of decision supporting systems, namely Decision support systems and the ever more largely used platforms, are addressed. A practical example of an open ended and evolving platform is presented. Open questions about the further role the information and communication tools in multi-participant decision-making processes are eventually formulated from two perspectives, digital humanism and dataism, respectively.