bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covariance statistics and network analysis of brain PET imaging studies
Authors: Veronese Mattia , Moro Lucia , Arcolin Marco , Dipasquale Ottavia , Rizzo Gaia , Expert Paul , Khan Wasim , Fisher Patrick M. , Svarer Claus , Bertoldo Alessandra , Howes Oliver , Turkheimer Federico E.
Published: February 2019

The analysis of structural and functional neuroimaging data using graph theory has increasingly become a popular approach for visualising and understanding anatomical and functional relationships between different cerebral areas. In this work we applied a network-based approach for brain PET studies using population-based covariance matrices, with the aim to explore topological tracer kinetic differences in cross-sectional investigations. Simulations, test-retest studies and applications to cross-sectional datasets from three different tracers ([18F]FDG, [18F]FDOPA and [11C]SB217045) and more than 400 PET scans were investigated to assess the applicability of the methodology in healthy controls and patients. A validation of statistics, including the assessment of false positive differences in parametric versus permutation testing, was also performed. Results showed good reproducibility and general applicability of the method within the range of experimental settings typical of PET neuroimaging studies, with permutation being the method of choice for the statistical analysis. The use of graph theory for the quantification of [18F]FDG brain PET covariance, including the definition of an entropy metric, proved to be particularly relevant for Alzheimer’s disease, showing an association with the progression of the pathology. This study shows that covariance statistics can be applied to PET neuroimaging data to investigate the topological characteristics of the tracer kinetics and its related targets, although sensitivity to experimental variables, group inhomogeneities and image resolution need to be considered when the method is applied to cross-sectional studies.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a novel technique for detecting bacterial infection in insects
Authors: Killiny Nabil , Etxeberria Ed , Flores Alejandro Ponce , Blanco Pedro Gonzalez , Reyes Teresa Flores , Cabrera Luis Ponce
Published: February 2019

To prevent the spread of diseases in humans, animals or plants, determining whether potential vectors are infected is crucial. For example, early detection of the citrus disease Huanglongbing, which has been a scourge on the citrus industries around the world, is a critical need. This vector-borne disease is transmitted by Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid, which carries the putative bacterial phytopathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). In this investigation, we introduced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) to reveal key biochemical differences between CLas-infected and non-infected psyllids. The emission spectra captured from laser ablation of CLas-infected and healthy psyllids were processed through the principal component analysis (PCA) method and compared. Thirteen peaks from seven different elements were detected in D. citri. The t-test showed that CLas-infected D. citri were deficients in zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, calcium, and nitrogen. The PCA showed that LIBS can successfully differentiate between CLas-infected and healthy D. citri by comparing their elemental profile. In this work, we demonstrated a method that allows for a fast and precise compositional microanalysis of an insect vector which can contribute to the early detection of citrus huanglongbing
Standing task difficulty related increase in agonist-agonist and agonist-antagonist common inputs are driven by corticospinal and subcortical inputs respectively
Authors: Nandi Tulika , Hortobágyi Tibor , van Keeken Helco G. , Salem George J. , Lamoth Claudine J. C.
Published: February 2019

In standing, coordinated activation of lower extremity muscles can be simplified by common neural inputs to muscles comprising a functional synergy. We examined the effect of task difficulty on common inputs to agonist-agonist (AG-AG) pairs supporting direction specific reciprocal muscle control and agonist-antagonist (AG-ANT) pairs supporting stiffness control. Since excessive stiffness is energetically costly and limits the flexibility of responses to perturbations, compared to AG-ANT, we expected greater AG-AG common inputs and a larger increase with increasing task difficulty. We used coherence analysis to examine common inputs in three frequency ranges which reflect subcortical/spinal (0–5 and 6–15 Hz) and corticospinal inputs (6–15 and 16–40 Hz). Coherence was indeed higher in AG-AG compared to AG-ANT muscles in all three frequency bands, indicating a predilection for functional synergies supporting reciprocal rather than stiffness control. Coherence increased with increasing task difficulty, only in AG-ANT muscles in the low frequency band (0–5 Hz), reflecting subcortical inputs and only in AG-AG group in the high frequency band (16–40 Hz), reflecting corticospinal inputs. Therefore, common neural inputs to both AG-AG and AG-ANT muscles increase with difficulty but are likely driven by different sources of input to spinal alpha motor neurons.
Lower limb amputees undergo long-distance plasticity in sensorimotor functional connectivity
Authors: Bramati Ivanei E. , Rodrigues Erika C. , Simões Elington L. , Melo Bruno , Höfle Sebastian , Moll Jorge , Lent Roberto , Tovar-Moll Fernanda
Published: February 2019

Amputation in adults is associated with an extensive remapping of cortical topography in primary and secondary sensorimotor areas. Here, we used tactile residual limb stimulation and 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans to investigate functional connectivity changes in the sensorimotor network of patients with long-term lower limb traumatic amputations with phantom sensation, but without pain. We found a pronounced reduction of inter-hemispheric functional connectivity between homologous sensorimotor cortical regions in amputees, including the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory areas, and primary (M1) and secondary (M2) motor areas. We additionally observed an intra-hemispheric increased functional connectivity between primary and secondary somatosensory regions, and between the primary and premotor areas, contralateral to amputation. These functional connectivity changes in specialized small-scale sensory-motor networks improve our understanding of the functional impact of lower limb amputation in the brain. Our findings in a selective group of patients with phantom limb sensations, but without pain suggest that disinhibition of neural inputs following traumatic limb amputation disrupts sensorimotor topology, unbalancing functional brain network organization. These findings step up the description of brain plasticity related with phantom sensations by showing that pain is not critical for sensorimotor network changes after peripheral injury.
The impact of estimated tumour purity on gene expression-based drug repositioning of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma samples
Authors: Koudijs Karel K. M. , Terwisscha van Scheltinga Anton G. T. , Böhringer Stefan , Schimmel Kirsten J. M. , Guchelaar Henk-Jan
Published: February 2019

To find new potentially therapeutic drugs against clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC), within drugs currently prescribed for other diseases (drug repositioning), we previously searched for drugs which are expected to bring the gene expression of 500 + ccRCC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas closer to that of healthy kidney tissue samples. An inherent limitation of this bulk RNA-seq data is that tumour samples consist of a varying mixture of cancerous and non-cancerous cells, which influences differential gene expression analyses. Here, we investigate whether the drug repositioning candidates are expected to target the genes dysregulated in ccRCC cells by studying the association with tumour purity. When all ccRCC samples are analysed together, the drug repositioning potential of identified drugs start decreasing above 80% estimated tumour purity. Because ccRCC is a highly vascular tumour, attributed to frequent loss of VHL function and subsequent activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF), we stratified the samples by observed activation of the HIF-pathway. After stratification, the association between estimated tumour purity and drug repositioning potential disappears for HIF-activated samples. This result suggests that the identified drug repositioning candidates specifically target the genes expressed by HIF-activated ccRCC tumour cells, instead of genes expressed by other cell types part of the tumour micro-environment.
Solid immersion microscopy images cells under cryogenic conditions with 12 nm resolution
Authors: Wang Lin , Bateman Benji , Zanetti-Domingues Laura C. , Moores Amy N. , Astbury Sam , Spindloe Christopher , Darrow Michele C. , Romano Maria , Needham Sarah R. , Beis Konstantinos , Rolfe Daniel J. , Clarke David T. , Martin-Fernandez Marisa L.
Published: February 2019

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy plays a crucial role in our understanding of cell structure and function by reporting cellular ultrastructure with 20–30 nm resolution. However, this resolution is insufficient to image macro-molecular machinery at work. A path to improve resolution is to image under cryogenic conditions. This substantially increases the brightness of most fluorophores and preserves native ultrastructure much better than chemical fixation. Cryogenic conditions are, however, underutilised because of the lack of compatible high numerical aperture objectives. Here, using a low-cost super-hemispherical solid immersion lens (superSIL) and a basic set-up we achieve 12 nm resolution under cryogenic conditions, to our knowledge the best yet attained in cells using simple set-ups and/or commercial systems. By also allowing multicolour imaging, and by paving the way to total-internal-reflection fluorescence imaging of mammalian cells under cryogenic conditions, superSIL microscopy opens a straightforward route to achieve unmatched resolution on bacterial and mammalian cell samples.
Single cell transcriptomics: moving towards multi-omics
Authors: Song Yanling , Xu Xing , Wang Wei , Tian Tian , Zhu Zhi , Yang Chaoyong
Published: February 2019

Single-cell multi-omics analysis helps characterize multiple layers of molecular features at a single-cell scale to provide insights into cellular processes and functions.
Predictive modelling of colossal ATR-FTIR spectral data using PLS-DA: empirical differences between PLS1-DA and PLS2-DA algorithms
Authors: Lee Loong Chuen , Jemain Abdul Aziz
Published: February 2019

In response to our review paper [L. C. Lee et al., Analyst, 2018, 143, 3526–3539], we present a study that compares empirical differences between PLS1-DA and PLS2-DA algorithms in modelling a colossal ATR-FTIR spectral dataset.
A Cd-MOF as a fluorescent probe for highly selective, sensitive and stable detection of antibiotics in water
Authors: Xing Pengcheng , Wu Di , Chen Jingshuai , Song Jiming , Mao Changjie , Gao Yuanhao , Niu Helin
Published: February 2019

A new MOF as a fluorescent probe for highly selective, sensitive and stable detection of ceftriaxone sodium in water.
Fructose-sensitive thermal transition behaviour of boronic ester-bearing telechelic poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Park Jong Min , Jang Woo-Dong
Published: February 2019

Boronic ester-bearing telechelic poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (B-PiPrOx-B) exhibited a hydrophilic–hydrophobic phase transition near human-body temperature in aqueous media.
Particle-stabilized Janus emulsions that exhibit pH-tunable stability
Authors: Li Tao , Schofield Andrew B. , Chen Ke , Thijssen Job H. J. , Dobnikar Jure , Clegg Paul S.
Published: February 2019

A simple and large-scale fabrication approach to create Janus emulsions that can be controlled in size, geometry and stability.
Inert V2O3 oxide promotes the electrocatalytic activity of Ni metal for alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Ji Dan , Peng Lishan , Shen Jingjun , Deng Mingming , Mao Zhanxin , Tan Lianqiao , Wang Minjie , Xiang Rui , Wang Jian , Shah Syed Shoaib Ahmad
Published: February 2019

Inert V2O3 oxide without reducible metal cations has been demonstrated to greatly promote the HER activity of Ni by creating highly active metal/oxide interfaces.
Conductive Ti3C2 and MOF-derived CoSx boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of TiO2
Authors: Zhao Jia-Hui , Liu Ling-Wang , Li Kui , Li Tao , Liu Fu-Tian
Published: February 2019

We report a novel TiO2 nanocrystals photocatalyst confined by ZIF-67-templated porous CoSx, with conductive Ti3C2 boosting the transport efficiency of the charge carriers.
Deuterium isotope effect in fluorescence of gaseous oxazine dyes
Authors: Kusinski Matthew , Nagesh Jayashree , Gladkikh Margarita , Izmaylov Artur F. , Jockusch Rebecca A.
Published: February 2019

Deuteration increases the fluorescence efficiency of isolated oxazines by 10–20%, less than half the effect observed in deuterated solvents.
Role of suppressed oxygen vacancies in the BiFeO3 nanofiller to improve the polar phase and multifunctional performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Sasmal Abhishek , Sen Shrabanee , Devi P. Sujatha
Published: February 2019

In the present work, we report the enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric, energy storage and energy harvesting performance of a citrate-gel synthesized Bi1−xBaxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) incorporating poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix.
Shear heating, flow, and friction of confined molecular fluids at high pressure
Authors: Ewen James P. , Gao Hongyu , Müser Martin H. , Dini Daniele
Published: February 2019

Understanding the molecular-scale behavior of fluids confined and sheared between solid surfaces is important for many applications, particularly tribology where this often governs the macroscopic frictional response.
Electrochemical hydrogenation of non-aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives as a sustainable synthesis process: from catalyst design to device construction
Authors: Sadakiyo Masaaki , Hata Shinichi , Fukushima Takashi , Juhász Gergely , Yamauchi Miho
Published: February 2019

Electrochemical hydrogenation of a carboxylic acid using water as a hydrogen source is an environmentally friendly synthetic process for upgrading bio-based chemicals.
On the bio-accessibility of 14 elements in welding fumes
Authors: Berlinger Balázs , Weinbruch Stephan , Ellingsen Dag G. , Zibarev Evgeny , Chashchin Valery , Chashchin Maxim , Thomassen Yngvar
Published: February 2019

The bio-accessibility of 14 elements in welding fume particulate matter was investigated in 325 personal air samples collected during welding in two shipyards and one factory producing heavy machinery.
Cholesterol-lowering potentials ofLactobacillusstrain overexpression of bile salt hydrolase on high cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice
Authors: Wang Guangqiang , Huang Wenli , Xia Yongjun , Xiong Zhiqiang , Ai Lianzhong
Published: February 2019

Lactobacillusstrain overexpression of bile salt hydrolase can exert a cholesterol-reducing effectin vivo.
Recycling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics by electrically driven heterogeneous catalytic degradation of epoxy resin
Authors: Zhu Ji-Hua , Chen Pi-yu , Su Mei-ni , Pei Chun , Xing Feng
Published: February 2019

We demonstrate a new recycling technology using simple equipment and nontoxic electrolyte to reclaim intact carbon fibers.
Grooved step emulsification systems optimize the throughput of passive generation of monodisperse emulsions
Authors: Opalski Adam S. , Makuch Karol , Lai Yu-Kai , Derzsi Ladislav , Garstecki Piotr
Published: February 2019

A novel step emulsifier allows high throughput production of monodisperse emulsions. Additionally, different modes of droplet production are investigated.
Nanoscale mechanical control of surface electrical properties of manganite films with magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Vasić Borislav , Konstantinović Zorica , Pannunzio-Miner Elisa , Valencia Sergio , Abrudan Radu , Gajić Radoš , Pomar Alberto
Published: February 2019

Mechanical control of electrical properties in complex heterostructures, consisting of magnetic FeOx nanoparticles on top of manganite films, is achieved using atomic force microscope (AFM) based methods.
Unexpected monoatomic catalytic-host synergetic OER/ORR by graphitic carbon nitride: density functional theory
Authors: Wu Yong , Li Can , Liu Wei , Li Huanhuan , Gong Yinyan , Niu Lengyuan , Liu Xinjuan , Sun Changqing , Xu Shiqing
Published: February 2019

Although single metal atoms (SMAs) have been extensively investigated as unique active sites in single-atom catalysts, the possible active sites of the host catalysts have been unfortunately neglected in previous studies.
Surface-triggered cascade reactions between DNA linkers direct the self-assembly of colloidal crystals of controllable thickness
Authors: Jana Pritam Kumar , Mognetti Bortolo Matteo
Published: February 2019

Functionalized surfaces direct colloidal layer deposition by enhancing particle–particle interactions.
Boosting the oxygen reduction activity of a nano-graphene catalyst by charge redistribution at the graphene–metal interface
Authors: Sung Hukwang , Sharma Monika , Jang Jeonghee , Lee Sang-Young , Choi Myoung-gil , Lee Kyubock , Jung Namgee
Published: February 2019

Nano-graphene shells coated on metal nanoparticles are transformed into highly active oxygen reduction catalysts through charge redistribution at the graphene–metal interface.
In situ hydrogelation of bicalutamide-peptide conjugates at prostate tissue for smart drug release based on pH and enzymatic activity
Authors: He Suyun , Mei Leixia , Wu Can , Tao Mingtao , Zhai Ziran , Xu Keming , Zhong Wenying
Published: February 2019

The integration of an anti-cancer drug bicalutamide with tissue-specific supramolecular self-assembly of peptide derivatives yielded in situ hydrogelation at prostate tissue for smart drug release.
LiGeBO4: a nonlinear optical material with a balance between deep-ultraviolet cut-off edge and large SHG response induced by hand-in-hand tetrahedra
Authors: Liu Qiong , Hu Cong , Su Xin , Abudoureheman Maierhaba , Pan Shilie , Yang Zhihua
Published: February 2019

LiGeBO4is found to be a material that can balance a large band gap (>6.2 eV) and strong SHG coefficient (2 × KDP), which is rarely seen in tetrahedral-based crystals.
Functional black phosphorus nanosheets for mitochondria-targeting photothermal/photodynamic synergistic cancer therapy
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Wang Dongya , Zhu Jiawei , Xue Lei , Ou Changjin , Wang Wenjun , Lu Min , Song Xuejiao , Dong Xiaochen
Published: February 2019

A mitochondria-targeting nanosystem, BP@PDA–Ce6&TPP NSs, has been constructed, and exhibit excellent performance in imaging-guided synergistic photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy.
Surface modification via self-assembling large cations for improved performance and modulated hysteresis of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Bu Tongle , Li Jing , Huang Wenchao , Mao Wenxin , Zheng Fei , Bi Pengqing , Hao Xiaotao , Zhong Jie , Cheng Yi-Bing , Huang Fuzhi
Published: February 2019

Novel surface modification of self-assembling large cations enables the achievement of high quality perovskite films for hysteresis-free and stable solar cells with an optimized efficiency over 20%.
Polymeric arsenicals as scaffolds for functional and responsive hydrogels
Authors: Tanaka Joji , Song Ji-Inn , Lunn Andrew M. , Hand Rachel A. , Häkkinen Satu , Schiller Tara L. , Perrier Sébastien , Davis Thomas P. , Wilson Paul
Published: February 2019

Here arsenohydrogels are introduced for the first time as functional, tuneable and responsive hydrogels.
Improved performance of planar perovskite devices via inclusion of ammonium acid iodide (AAI) derivatives using a two step inter-diffusion process
Authors: Tripathi Neeti , Yanagida Masatoshi , Shirai Yasuhiro , Miyano Kenjiro
Published: February 2019

An improved performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells is achieved by inclusion of ammonium acid iodide (AAI) derivatives into a perovskite precursor solution.
Penta-MX2 (M = Ni, Pd and Pt; X = P and As) monolayers: direct band-gap semiconductors with high carrier mobility
Authors: Qian Shifeng , Sheng Xiaowei , Xu Xian , Wu Yuxiang , Lu Ning , Qin Zhengbo , Wang Jian , Zhang Caixia , Feng Eryin , Huang Wuying , Zhou Yong
Published: February 2019

Two-dimensional binary MX2 (M = Ni, Pd and Pt; X = P and As) exhibiting a beautiful pentagonal ring network is discussed through first principles calculations.
Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based terpolymers with tunable broad band absorption for fullerene and fullerene-free polymer solar cells
Authors: Negash Asfaw , Genene Zewdneh , Thiruvallur Eachambadi Raghavendran , Kesters Jurgen , Van den Brande Niko , D’Haen Jan , Penxten Huguette , Abdulahi Birhan A. , Wang Ergang , Vandewal Koen , Maes Wouter , Mammo Wendimagegn , Manca Jean , Admassie Shimelis
Published: February 2019

Fullerene and fullerene-free organic photovoltaics.
An ethyl methyl sulfone co-solvent eliminates macroscopic morphological instabilities of lithium metal anode
Authors: Shin Woochul , So Kang Pyo , Stickle William F. , Su Cong , Lu Jun , Li Ju , Ji Xiulei
Published: February 2019

A lithium metal anode suffers from a short cycle life, and the parasitic reactions of lithium with electrolytes are widely observed.
A general approach to non-fullerene electron acceptors based on the corannulene motif
Authors: Barát Viktor , Budanović Maja , Halilovic Dzeneta , Huh June , Webster Richard D. , Mahadevegowda Surendra H. , Stuparu Mihaiela C.
Published: February 2019

Oxidation of rim sulfur atoms is shown to furnish corannulene-based electron acceptors of high strengths.
Developing native peptide-based radiotracers for PD-L1 PET imaging and improving imaging contrast by pegylation
Authors: Kuan Hu , Masayuki Hanyu , Xie Lin , Zhang Yiding , Kotaro Nagatsu , Hisashi Suzuki , Zhang Ming-Rong
Published: February 2019

Native peptide-based PET tracers were developed for PD-L1 imaging. The pegylation of the peptide improves the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the tracers.
Metal–organic framework derived yolk–shell NiS2/carbon spheres for lithium–sulfur batteries with enhanced polysulfide redox kinetics
Authors: Tian Yaxi , Huang Huawen , Liu Guoxue , Bi Ran , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2019

A yolk–shell NiS2/C–S cathode exhibits enhanced electrochemical performances in lithium–sulfur batteries due to the improved redox kinetics of polysulfide confined within the yolk–shell structure.
Cooling-rate dependent single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition in an organic co-crystal
Authors: Crawford Adam W. , Groeneman Ryan H. , Unruh Daniel K. , Hutchins Kristin M.
Published: February 2019

A reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition is achieved via slow cooling; flash cooling locks the crystal in a kinetically trapped phase.
Design of a preorganized adsorbent for the removal of chromate from wastewater under neutral conditions
Authors: Jin Limin , Sun Guoxin , Zhang Hao , Yuan Guangzheng , Ma Jiapeng , Peng Xiujing , Cui Yu
Published: February 2019

A preorganized structure with two positive nitrogen ions linked by a carbon atom was designed. This structure acts like crab pincers to tightly entrap chromate.
Thiaborane clusters with an exoskeletal B–H group
Authors: Vrána Jan , Holub Josef , Samsonov Maksim A. , Růžičková Zdeňka , Fanfrlík Jindřich , Hnyk Drahomír , Růžička Aleš
Published: February 2019

nido-type anions or cages with an exoskeletal B–H group are prepared fromcloso-thiaborane clusters and several N-bases.
NASICON-type polymer-in-ceramic composite electrolytes for lithium batteries
Authors: Bonizzoni Simone , Ferrara Chiara , Berbenni Vittorio , Anselmi-Tamburini Umberto , Mustarelli Piercarlo , Tealdi Cristina
Published: February 2019

With LATP/P(EO)15LiTFSI a room temperature conductivity of 4 × 10−5 Ω−1 cm−1 is achieved for very high ceramic loading (>70 wt%) and a conductivity of approximately 10−3 Ω−1 cm−1 is found at approximately 60 °C, above the melting point of the SPE.
Adsorption, surface relaxation and electrolyte structure at Pt(111) electrodes in non-aqueous and aqueous acetonitrile electrolytes
Authors: Harlow Gary S. , Aldous Iain M. , Thompson Paul , Gründer Yvonne , Hardwick Laurence J. , Lucas Christopher A.
Published: February 2019

Application of synchrotron X-ray scattering to probe the atomic structure of the interface between Pt(111) electrodes and non-aqueous acetonitrile electrolytes.
Theoretical study of single transition metal atom modified MoP as a nitrogen reduction electrocatalyst
Authors: Han Miaomiao , Wang Guozhong , Zhang Haimin , Zhao Huijun
Published: February 2019

The feasibility of N2 electroreduction to NH3 on different single metal atom modified MoP surfaces has been investigated systematically.
Elimination of the boron memory effect for rapid and accurate boron isotope analysis by MC-ICP-MS using NaF
Authors: He Mao-Yong , Deng Li , Lu Hai , Jin Zhang-Dong
Published: February 2019

Boron isotope is a useful tracer for fluid–rock interactions and subduction processes, as well as a proxy for paleo-ocean pH. However, the strong B memory effect presents a great challenge in precisely measuring B isotopic ratios and accurately using MC-ICP-MS.
OsHV-1 infection leads to mollusc tissue lesion and iron redistribution, revealing a strategy of iron limitation against pathogen
Authors: Xin Lusheng , Huang Bowen , Zhang Huan , Li Chen , Bai Changming , Wang Chongming
Published: February 2019

The mass mortality of molluscs caused by OsHV-1 infection has frequently occurred worldwide in recent years. Meanwhile the interaction between OsHV-1 and its host is largely unknown. Innate immunity mainly makes up the mollusc defense system, due to the lack of adaptive immunity in invertebrates. The iron limitation strategy is an indispensable facet of innate immunity across vertebrate and invertebrate species. In this study, an iron limitation strategy was interestingly found to contribute to mollusc innate immune responses against OsHV-1 infection. Firstly, ark clams, Scapharca broughtonii, were experimentally infected with OsHV-1, and serious hyperaemia in hepatopancreases and the erosion of gills were observed post OsHV-1 infection according to a histology assay. Meanwhile, based on quantification and Prussian blue staining, the process of iron efflux from ark clams was described post OsHV-1 infection. Secondly, ferritin, as an important iron storage protein, was characterized in ark clams and showed significant iron binding activity. According to the results of an immunohistochemistry assay, ferritin was supposed to be responsible for the iron translocation in ark clams post OsHV-1 infection. Its expression level was significantly fluctuant in response to OsHV-1 infection. Finally, oxidative stress was assessed by the analyses of H2O2 content, total antioxidant capacity and MDA level post OsHV-1 infection. Supplementary iron was found to promote ROS generation and death of hemocytes in vivo. These results highlighted that microenvironment changes in the essential nutrient iron should be an important aspect of the pathogenesis of OsHV-1 disease.
Assembly of three pharmaceutical salts/cocrystals of tetrahydroberberine with sulfophenyl acids: improving the properties by formation of charge-assisted hydrogen bonds
Authors: Liu Lixin , Zou Dongyu , Zhang Yunan , Zhang Dajun , Zhang Yu , Zhang Qiang , Wang Jian , Zeng Shaoyu , Wang Conggang
Published: February 2019

The self-recognition of CAHBs could stabilize crystal packing of pharmaceutical salts/cocrystals of THB and improve physicochemical properties of THB.
Levulinate amidinium protic ionic liquids (PILs) as suitable media for the dissolution and levulination of cellulose
Authors: Becherini Stefano , Mezzetta Andrea , Chiappe Cinzia , Guazzelli Lorenzo
Published: February 2019

Levulinate protic ionic liquids allow for the dissolution and the levulination of their parent polysaccharide.
Insights into supramolecular-interaction-regulated piezochromic carbonized polymer dots
Authors: Geng Ting , Feng Tanglue , Ma Zhiwei , Cao Ye , Chen Yaping , Tao Songyuan , Xiao Guanjun , Lu Siyu , Yang Bai , Zou Bo
Published: February 2019

The photoluminescence (PL) mechanism plays a significant role in the study of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs).
Sustainable and rapidly degradable poly(butylene carbonate-co-cyclohexanedicarboxylate): influence of composition on its crystallization, mechanical and barrier properties
Authors: Hu Han , Zhang Ruoyu , Ying Wu Bin , Shi Lei , Yao Chenkai , Kong Zhengyang , Wang Kai , Wang Jinggang , Zhu Jin
Published: February 2019

Sustainable and fast biodegradable PBCCEs copolyesters have potential applications in green packaging and tissue engineering.
Temperature-induced large amplitude conformational change in the complex of oxatub[4]arene revealed via rotaxane synthesis
Authors: Li Dong-Hao , Yang Liu-Pan , Chai Hongxin , Jia Fei , Ke Hua , Jiang Wei
Published: February 2019

Oxatub[4]arene was revealed via rotaxane synthesis to show a large amplitude conformational response to temperature change.
Construction of ultrathin MnO2 decorated graphene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites as efficient sulfur hosts for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Nan , Peng Sikan , Chen Xiang , Wang Jixian , Wang Chen , Qi Xin , Dai Shenglong , Yan Shaojiu
Published: February 2019

Ultrathin MnO2 nanosheets and nano size sulfur particles distributed uniformly on the surface of G/CNT hybrids, which exhibit high rate performance and long-term cycling performance.
Fast and scalable wet-spinning of highly conductive PEDOT:PSS fibers enables versatile applications
Authors: Zhang Jizhen , Seyedin Shayan , Qin Si , Lynch Peter A. , Wang Zhiyu , Yang Wenrong , Wang Xungai , Razal Joselito M.
Published: February 2019

Here, we report a one-step method to produce highly conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) fibers that enables applications in fast response and highly sensitive touch sensors, body moisture monitoring, and long fiber-shaped supercapacitors.
Characterization of the adsorption site energies and heterogeneous surfaces of porous materials
Authors: Kumar K. Vasanth , Gadipelli Srinivas , Wood Barbara , Ramisetty Kiran A. , Stewart Andrew A. , Howard Christopher A. , Brett Dan J. L. , Rodriguez-Reinoso F.
Published: February 2019

Heterogeneity of porous structures is an important material property involved during the design of adsorbents, catalysts and molecular recognition materials. This review discusses the mathematical methods that can characterize adsorption site energies and surface heterogeneity from the adsorption isotherms.
Local Li-ion conductivity changes within Al stabilized Li7La3Zr2O12 and their relationship to three-dimensional variations of the bulk composition
Authors: Smetaczek Stefan , Wachter-Welzl Andreas , Wagner Reinhard , Rettenwander Daniel , Amthauer Georg , Andrejs Lukas , Taibl Stefanie , Limbeck Andreas , Fleig Jürgen
Published: February 2019

Investigating conductivity variations in Al stabilized LLZO by combining microelectrode impedance spectroscopy with spatially resolved chemical analysis.
Multifield-tunable magneto-optical effects in electron- and hole-doped nitrogen–graphene crystals
Authors: Zhou Xiaodong , Li Fei , Xing Yanxia , Feng Wanxiang
Published: February 2019

The magneto-optical effects play a prominent role in probing the exotic magnetism in 2D materials. Here, we present that the magneto-optical Kerr and Faraday effects in carrier-doped nitrogen–graphene crystals can be effectively mediated by electric, magnetic, and strain fields. Our results indicate that nitrogen–graphene crystals provide a novel 2D material platform for nano-spintronics and magneto-optical devices.
Fast method to estimate Maximum penetration level of wind power considering frequency cumulative effect
Authors: Dai Jianfeng , Tang Yi , Wang Qi
Published: February 2019

Reductions in system inertia due to increasing penetration levels of wind power may result in frequency stability issues. Thus, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive method to estimate the maximum level of wind power that can maintain a system's frequency within allowable security limits following a major disturbance. Here, a fast method to estimate maximum wind power penetration level (WPPL) that considers frequency cumulative effect is proposed. The method first establishes an average system frequency response (ASFR) model of integrated wind power and then calculates the corresponding frequency response trajectory characteristics. Subsequently, a new transient frequency security index (TFSI) based on the frequency cumulative effect is expressed. The physical basis for the TFSI is that it can objectively reflect the dynamic security state of the system frequency. The quantitative functional relationship between the WPPL and the TFSI can be obtained by combining the frequency response characteristics and the TFSI definition. A numerical expression for the maximum WPPL integrated into the grid can be obtained, and the maximum WPPL of the integrated wind power system can be instantaneously and quantitatively estimated. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed analytical method is demonstrated on a 10‐machine 39‐bus system.
Estimation of frequency domain soil parameters of horizontally multilayered earth by using Cole–Cole model based on the parallel genetic algorithm
Authors: Li Zhong‐Xin , Rao Shao‐Wei
Published: February 2019

A method to estimate frequency domain soil parameters of horizontally multilayered earth is developed. Cole–Cole model of complex conductivity form is adopted to describe the frequency dependence of soil parameters. The estimation of frequency domain soil parameters includes two stages. In the first stage, soil‐layered structure is determined under the DC field by the interpretation of resistivity sounding data. The obtained model parameters in this stage include the DC soil conductivity and thickness of soil layers. In the second stage, Cole–Cole model parameters are estimated based on the soil‐layered model obtained in the first stage. The theoretical formula of complex apparent resistivity is derived from Green's function with considering dynamic‐state field theory. Since dynamic‐state field is considered in the inversion algorithm, this method can be extended into high‐frequency domain. Discrete complex image method is used to calculate Sommerfeld integral quickly. In order to remove electromagnetic (EM) coupling between cables at high frequencies, a new electrode configuration method is proposed. Genetic algorithm is improved by combining with parallel computing. The parallel genetic algorithm is applied to the optimisation of model parameters.
Band‐ and frequency‐reconfigurable circularly polarised filtenna for cognitive radio applications
Authors: Wen Zheng , Tang Ming‐Chun , Ziolkowski Richard W.
Published: February 2019

A band‐ and frequency‐reconfigurable circularly polarised (CP) filtenna that exhibits good selectivity and out‐of‐band rejection in both its wideband and continuously tunable narrowband states is reported for cognitive radio (CR) applications. The filtenna provides two switchable operational states: a wideband state from 2.52 to 3.53 GHz for sensing and a tunable state of narrowband states from 2.44 to 3.19 GHz for communications. The corresponding 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidths completely overlap these impedance bandwidths. A single PIN diode is utilised to switch between these two operational states to achieve the band‐reconfigurable performance. Two varactor diodes are employed to realise the frequency‐reconfigurable performance by facilitating a continuous shift of the narrowband states over the operational communication frequencies.
Adaptive speed estimation with fuzzy logic control for PV‐grid interactive induction motor drive‐based water pumping
Authors: Shukla Saurabh , Singh Bhim
Published: February 2019

This paper proposes a fuzzy logic control for model reference adaptive system (MRAS)‐based speed adaptation technique of an induction motor drive (IMD) used for the bidirectional power flow between a photovoltaic (PV) array and a single‐phase utility grid on the same DC link for water pumping. This system comprises of one current sensor and one voltage sensor for sensing grid quantities and one current sensor and one voltage sensor for sensing the DC link current and its voltage. The DC link current is used to estimate three‐phase motor winding currents. Phase current is reconstructed from DC link current through a space vector modulation technique. The mechanical sensorless control of the proposed system is achieved by stator voltage and current‐based speed adaptation. The direct torque control (DTC) is used for an IMD. The generalised integrator‐based fundamental voltage generation algorithm is proposed for power flow control between the single‐phase utility grid and DC link voltage feeding an induction motor‐driven water pump. The developed prototype is tested in the laboratory and its suitability is judged through various results under different conditions of insolation variations.
Quantitative power loss analysis and optimisation in Nth‐order low‐voltage multilevel converters
Authors: Petersen Alexander , Stone David A. , Foster Martin P. , Davidson Jonathan N.
Published: February 2019

Focusing on cascaded H‐bridge converters for grid‐tie battery energy storage, a practical, analytical method is derived to evaluate the switching‐associated power loss in multilevel converters, evaluated from a number of sources of loss. This new method is then used to find performance trends in the use of converters of increasing order over a range of switching frequencies. This includes an experimental analysis into predicting the performance of MOSFET body diodes. Authors’ analysis with this model shows that a multilevel converter can have lower losses than the equivalent single‐bridge, three‐level converter, particularly at higher switching frequencies, due to the availability of suitable switching devices. It also has interesting implications for enabling the use of cutting‐edge non‐silicon power switching devices to further improve potential efficiencies.
Correntropy‐based parameter estimation for photovoltaic array model considering partial shading condition
Authors: Zhang Zhengjiang , Hu Guiting , Chen Qiang , Yan Zhengbing
Published: February 2019

Analytical modelling of photovoltaic (PV) array is crucial for studying the current–voltage (I–V) characteristic of PV array and maximum power point tracking. A PV array model generally contains some undetermined parameters and the values of the parameters cannot be measured by sensors. It is difficult to correctly determine those model parameters. They should be estimated based on experimental data. Since the experimental data gathered from the solar panel equipment usually contain random and gross errors, a robust parameter estimation method, correntropy‐based parameter estimation (C‐PE) is proposed for PV array model considering partial shading condition here. First, the theoretical model of PV array considering partial shading condition is investigated. Second, compared with the most common estimator, weighted least squares (WLS), robustness of the proposed correntropy estimator is analysed by using influence function (IF), and then C‐PE method is developed for the PV array model. The WLS‐based parameter estimation (WLS‐PE) and C‐PE methods are used in the simulation example. The results show that the C‐PE method is more robust than WLS‐PE method. Finally, the experimental data of PV array under ideal condition and partial shading condition are also used to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of C‐PE method.
High efficiency quantum well triple junction tandem solar cell
Authors: Karmakar Supriya
Published: February 2019

The efficiency of solar cell depends on how the different portions of the solar spectrum areconverted to electric energy. The efficiency of solar cell can be increased byusing multi‐solar cells in tandem configuration or tandem solar cell. The devicestructure and material choice of tandem solar cell can affect their efficiency. Incorporating quantum well in the solar cell structure also affects theirefficiency. This work proposed a new solar cell structure with efficiency 47%,which is very promising. Different materials of the cell and the embeddedquantum well will help to increase the efficiency of this solar cell. Thefabrication of the cell is less complicated than other promising solar cellbecause of single quantum well structure. Comparison with other published workalso shows the improved performance of this cell.
Comprehensive performance evaluation of various solar PV system configurations
Authors: Varma Tekumalla Dinesh , Pal Diptendu , Bajpai Prabodh
Published: February 2019

This study presents a year‐long comprehensive performance analysis of four distinct solar photovoltaic (SPV) system configurations with central inverter, micro inverter, fixed axis structure and dual axis sun tracker (DAST) structure installed at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. Technical and economic performance indices are used to analyse the impact of inverter technology and DAST structure using field data of one year. Specifically, technical parameters specified by IEC 61724 are used to compare simulated results with field data from June 2017 to May 2018. The difference between the simulated and measured values of all the configurations is mostly attributed to the variation in solar irradiance and module temperature data. For simulation study, daily and monthly average values are considered while daily instantaneous data are used for measured values. Comparison of measured values through energy yield, capacity factor and performance ratio (PR) indices has confirmed the superiority of dual axis micro inverter system configuration. Additionally, the impact of seasonal variation on PR values for all four system configurations is also analysed. Economic performance for 25 years of project life using payback period, net present value and levelised cost of energy indices concludes dual axis central inverter system configuration as the most economical.
Temperature‐dependent effect of gas pressure on electrical tree in XLPE cable
Authors: Zhou Lijun , Cai Junyi , Qiu Qipei , Guo Lei , Cheng Rui
Published: February 2019

Cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE), which is an important material in the cable insulation, faces the challenge of high temperature with high internal gas pressure during the process of overload. To clarify the impacting mechanism of temperature and gas pressure, this study presents the characteristics of electrical trees and partial discharge (PD) under different gas pressure and different temperature in XLPE cable. Experiments were conducted using XLPE cable insulation as samples. The results show that gas pressure has different effects on the initiation and propagation of electrical trees at different temperatures. XLPE is in the glassy state at low temperature, and the gas pressure suppresses the development of electrical trees during the growth period. When XLPE is in the elastomeric state, the high temperature accelerated the PD under high gas pressure. The analysis shows that more trapped charge and more branch channels will exist at high temperatures with high gas pressure, which is the primary cause behind the development of streamer, thus accelerating the progress of PD. XLPE cable in the case of high temperature and high gas pressure should cause more attention.
Detection of cabinet in equipment floor based on AlexNet and SSD model
Authors: Lv Lin , Tan Yingzi
Published: February 2019

With the rapid development of technologies such as computer technology and sensors technology, intelligent inspection robots gradually replace manual inspections in industrial inspection positions. In order to improve the accuracy and stability of the cabinet detection of inspection robot, this study proposes a new model which combines the adjusted AlexNet model and adjusted single shot multi‐box detector (SSD) model to detect cabinet and its effective information at railway station equipment floor. The first is to determine whether there is a cabinet in view based on the AlexNet. If a cabinet exists, then locate the effective information position of the objects with the SSD. The experimental results reveal that the new model can detect the cabinet, two digital metres and indicator lights more efficiently.
Immer im Wandel
Authors: Ramolla Thomas
Published: February 2019

Wissen Sie, warum das OP-Management etabliert wurde? Kennen Sie die Fähigkeiten,
die ein OP-Manager heutzutage mitbringen sollte? Und haben Sie eine Vorstellung
davon, wie das Krankenhaus der Zukunft aussehen könnte? Antworten liefert uns
unsere Bestandsaufnahme zum OP-Management gestern – heute – morgen.
Fenestrierte endovaskuläre Aortenreparatur
Authors: Willeke Leyla , Greiner Andreas
Published: February 2019

Mit der dreifach fenestrierten endovaskulären Aortenreparatur – kurz FEVAR –
können Patienten mit einem Aneurysma risikoärmer operiert werden, da im
Vergleich zur offenen OP die lange Klemmzeit an der Aorta wegfällt. Unsere
Autoren von der Charité Berlin schildern den minimalinvasiven Eingriff und seine
Besonderheiten.
Metabolomics and Their Ability to Distinguish Thyroid Disorders: A Retrospective Pilot Study
Authors: Struja Tristan , Eckart Andreas , Kutz Alexander , Neyer Peter , Kraenzlin Marius , Mueller Beat , Meier Christian , Bernasconi Luca , Schuetz Philipp
Published: February 2019

Early diagnosis of thyroid disorders is key to further treatment. We assessed the ability of a high-throughput proton NMR metabolomic profile to distinguish disease type amongst of Graves’ disease (n=87), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (n=17), toxic goiter (n=11), and autoimmune thyroiditis [i. e., subacute thyroiditis (n=4), postpartum thyroiditis (n=1)]. This observational study was conducted investigating patients presenting with a thyroid disorder at a Swiss hospital endocrine referral center and an associated endocrine outpatient clinic. The main outcome was diagnosis of thyroid disorder based on classical parameters. Blood draws took place as close as possible to treatment initiation. We performed one-way ANOVA and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) as multivariate classification and feature ranking method. One-way ANOVA analysis yielded following significantly different metabolites, triglycerides in small VLDL, triglycerides in very small VLDL, and triglycerides in large LDL (FDR=0.04). There was no distinct separation of any of the 4 diagnoses by PLS-DA. We did not find a metabolomic biomarker combination capable of predicting diagnosis. Preanalytical issues might have influenced our results. We strongly suggest replicating our work in another cohort.
Preparation of 1,3-Thiazolidine-2-thiones by Using Potassium Ethylxanthate as a Carbon Disulfide Surrogate
Authors: Yang Yong-Qing , Lu Zheng , Xiong Weixiang
Published: February 2019

A simple procedure is presented for preparing 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thiones by using potassium ethylxanthate and the corresponding β-amino alcohols as the starting materials in the presence of ethanol.
Intraoperative Perfusion Assessment in Mastectomy Skin Flaps: How Close are We to Preventing Complications?
Authors: Khavanin Nima , Qiu Cecil , Darrach Halley , Kraenzlin Franca , Kokosis George , Han Tinglu , Sacks Justin M.
Published: February 2019

Background Mastectomy flap necrosis is the source of considerable morbidity and cost following breast reconstruction. A great deal of effort has been put forth to predicting and even preventing its incidence intraoperatively.

Methods A review of the literature was performed evaluating the evidence of mastectomy skin flap perfusion technologies.

Results Multiple technologies have leveraged spectroscopy and/or angiography to provide real-time assessment of flap perfusion, including indocyanine green, fluorescein, and light-based devices.

Conclusion This manuscript endeavors to review the evidence on mastectomy skin flap perfusion analysis, highlighting the benefits, and downsides of the current technologies and identifying exciting areas of future research and development.