bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A High-Precision Implementation of the Sigmoid Activation Function for Computing-in-Memory Architecture
Authors: Xu Siqiu , Li Xi , Xie Chenchen , Chen Houpeng , Chen Cheng , Song Zhitang
Published: September 2021

Computing-In-Memory (CIM), based on non-von Neumann architecture, has lately received significant attention due to its lower overhead in delay and higher energy efficiency in convolutional and fully-connected neural network computing. Growing works have given the priority to researching the array of memory and peripheral circuits to achieve multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operation, but not enough attention has been paid to the high-precision hardware implementation of non-linear layers up to now, which still causes time overhead and power consumption. Sigmoid is a widely used non-linear activation function and most of its studies provided an approximation of the function expression rather than totally matched, inevitably leading to considerable error. To address this issue, we propose a high-precision circuit implementation of the sigmoid, matching the expression exactly for the first time. The simulation results with the SMIC 40 nm process suggest that the proposed circuit implemented high-precision sigmoid perfectly achieves the properties of the ideal sigmoid, showing the maximum error and average error between the proposed simulated sigmoid and ideal sigmoid is 2.74% and 0.21%, respectively. In addition, a multi-layer convolutional neural network based on CIM architecture employing the simulated high-precision sigmoid activation function verifies the similar recognition accuracy on the test database of handwritten digits compared to utilize the ideal sigmoid in software, with online training achieving 97.06% and with offline training achieving 97.74%.
Peridynamic Simulation to Fracture Mechanism of CBN Grain in the Honing Wheel Dressing Process
Authors: Wang Fuwei , Chen Yuanlong , Gao Yang , Liang Yuan , Su Jie , Liu Lin
Published: September 2021

Regularly dressing of CBN honing wheel is an effective way to keep its sharpness and correct geometry during honing process. This study aims to understand the fracture mechanism of single CBN grain in the dressing process of honing wheel. The honing wheel dressing process was simplified into the dressing process of grinding wheel, and the bond-based Peridynamic method considering bond rotation effect was developed to investigate the progressive fracture evolution, stress characteristics, and fracture modes of CBN grains in this process. It was found that fracture evolution of CBN grains mainly underwent four stages: elastic deformation, damage initiation, crack formation, and macro fracture. In addition, the fracture initiation and propagation were mainly determined by the tensile and shear stress, where the former led to mode I fractures and the latter led to mode II fractures. The propagation of mode I fractures was stable while the propagation of mode II fracture was unstable. The results show that the Peridynamic approach has great potential to predict the fracture mechanism of CBN grain in the dressing process of honing and grinding wheels.
The Perron Gold Deposit, Archean Abitibi Belt, Canada: Exceptionally High-Grade Mineralization Related to Higher Gold-Carrying Capacity of Hydrocarbon-Rich Fluids
Authors: Gaboury Damien , Genna Dominique , Trottier Jacques , Bouchard Maxime , Augustin Jérôme , Malcolm Kelly
Published: September 2021

The Perron deposit, an Archean orogenic gold deposit located in the Abitibi belt, hosts a quartz vein-type gold-bearing zone, known as the high-grade zone (HGZ). The HGZ is vertically continuous along >1.2 km, and is exceptionally rich in visible gold throughout its vertical extent, with grades ranging from 30 to 500 ppm. Various hypotheses were tested to account for that, such as: (1) efficient precipitating mechanisms; (2) gold remobilization; (3) particular fluids; (4) specific gold sources for saturating the fluids; and (5) a different mineralizing temperature. Host rocks recorded peak metamorphism at ~600 °C based on an amphibole geothermometer. Visible gold is associated with sphalerite (<5%) which precipitated at 370 °C, based on the sphalerite GGIMFis geothermometer, during late exhumation of verticalized host rocks. Pyrite chemistry analyzed by LA-ICP-MS (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) is comparable to classical orogenic gold deposits of the Abitibi belt, without indication of a possible magmatic fluid and gold contribution. Comparison of pyrite trace element signatures for identifying a potential gold source was inconclusive to demonstrate that primary base-metal rich volcanogenic gold mineralization, dispersed in the host rhyolitic dome, could be the source for the later formation of the HGZ. Rather, nodular pyrites in graphitic shales, sharing similar trace element signatures with pyrite of the HGZ, are considered a potential source. The most striking outcome is the lack of water in the mineralizing fluids, implying that gold was not transported under aqueous complexes, even if fugacity of sulfur (−6) and oxygen (−28), and pH (~7) are providing the best conditions at a temperature of 350 °C for solubilizing gold in water. Fluid inclusions, analyzed by solid-probe mass spectrometry, are rather comparable to fossil gas composed mostly of hydrocarbons (methane and ethane and possibly butane and propane and other unidentified organic compounds), rich in CO2, with N2 and trace of Ar, H2S, and He. It is interpreted that gold and zinc were transported as hydrocarbon-metal complexes or as colloidal gold nanoparticles. The exceptional high content of gold and zinc in the HGZ is thus explained by the higher transporting capacity of these unique mineralizing fluids.
The Sulfide/Silicate Coefficients of Nd and Sm: Geochemical “Fingerprints” for the Syn- and Epigenetic Cu-Ni-(PGE) Ores in the NE Fennoscandian Shield
Authors: Serov Pavel A. , Bayanova Tamara B.
Published: September 2021

One of the current directions of the Sm-Nd isotope systematics development is a dating of the ore process using sulfide minerals. Yet, the issue of the existence of rare earth elements (REE) in sulfides is still a matter for discussion. Sulfides from ore-bearing rocks of Proterozoic (2.53–1.98 Ga) Cu-Ni and platinum group elements (PGE) deposits of the Fennoscandian Shield were studied. It is found that the most probable source of REE in sulfide minerals from Cu-Ni-PGE complexes could be submicronic fluid inclusions, which are trapped at the mineral crystallization stage. In such a case, fluid or melt inclusions are specimens of the syngenetic parental melt, from which the base mineral formed, and these reflect a composition of the parental fluid. The mineral–rock partition coefficients for Nd and Sm can be used as “fingerprints” for individual deposits, and these are isotope-geochemical indicators of the ore-caused fluid that is syngenetic to sulfide. Moreover, the DNd/DSm ratio for various sulfide minerals can be used as a prospective geochemical tool for reconstructing a mineral formation sequence in ore complexes. On the other hand, differences in isotope compositions of sulfide neodymium could be markers of some ore-caused fluids and related to certain generations of sulfide minerals.
Low-Threshold Nanolaser Based on Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Mode Supported by Metallic Grating Waveguide Structure
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yan Meng , Ning Tingyin , Zhao Lina , Jiang Shouzhen , Huo Yanyan
Published: September 2021

A high Q-factor of the nanocavity can effectively reduce the threshold of nanolasers. In this paper, a modified nanostructure composed of a silver grating on a low-index dielectric layer (LID) and a high-index dielectric layer (HID) was proposed to realize a nanolaser with a lower lasing threshold. The nanostructure supports a hybrid plasmonic waveguide mode with a very-narrow line-width that can be reduced to about 1.79 nm by adjusting the thickness of the LID/HID layer or the duty ratio of grating, and the Q-factor can reach up to about 348. We theoretically demonstrated the lasing behavior of the modified nanostructures using the model of the combination of the classical electrodynamics and the four-level two-electron model of the gain material. The results demonstrated that the nanolaser based on the hybrid plasmonic waveguide mode can really reduce the lasing threshold to 0.042 mJ/cm2, which is about three times lower than the nanolaser based on the surface plasmon. The lasing action can be modulated by the thickness of the LID layer, the thickness of the HID layer and the duty cycle of grating. Our findings could provide a useful guideline to design low-threshold and highly-efficient miniaturized lasers.
Nano-Hydroxyapatite as a Delivery System for Promoting Bone Regeneration In Vivo: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohd Zaffarin Anis Syauqina , Ng Shiow-Fern , Ng Min Hwei , Hassan Haniza , Alias Ekram
Published: September 2021

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) has been widely used as an orthopedic biomaterial and vehicle for drug delivery owing to its chemical and structural similarity to bone minerals. Several studies have demonstrated that nHA based biomaterials have a potential effect for bone regeneration with very minimal to no toxicity or inflammatory response. This systematic review aims to provide an appraisal of the effectiveness of nHA as a delivery system for bone regeneration and whether the conjugation of proteins, antibiotics, or other bioactive molecules to the nHA further enhances osteogenesis in vivo. Out of 282 articles obtained from the literature search, only 14 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. These studies showed that nHA was able to induce bone regeneration in various animal models with large or critical-sized bone defects, open fracture, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced osteomyelitis. The conjugations of drugs or bioactive molecules such as bone-morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), vancomycin, calcitriol, dexamethasone, and cisplatin were able to enhance the osteogenic property of nHA. Thus, nHA is a promising delivery system for a variety of compounds in promoting bone regeneration in vivo.
Relationship between Dietary Fatty Acid Intake with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in People with HIV
Authors: de Almeida Cristiane Fonseca , da Silva Paula Simplicio , Cardoso Claudia Santos de Aguiar , Moreira Nathalia Gorni , Antunes Julliana Cormack , de Andrade Michelle Morata , Silva Julio , Araujo Marina Campos , Peres Wilza Arantes Ferreira , do Brasil Pedro Emmanuel Alvarenga Americano , Moreira Ronaldo Ismerio , Cardoso Sandra W. , Veloso Valdilea G. , Grinsztejn Beatriz , de Brito Patricia Dias , Perazzo Hugo
Published: September 2021

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between food intake of lipids with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and/or liver fibrosis in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). In this cross-sectional study, transient elastography was used to detect the presence of NAFLD and/or liver fibrosis. The dietary intake of fats and fatty acids (FA) were assessed by two 24 h dietary recalls (24-HDR) (n = 451). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed. Participants with higher intake of total fat were associated with higher odds for NAFLD compared to those with lower consumption [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.91 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.06–3.44)]. Furthermore, participants with intermediate intake of n6-PUFA (n6-poly-unsaturated FA) and lauric FA had lower odds for NAFLD, respectively aOR = 0.54 (95% CI 0.3–0.98) and aOR = 0.42 (95% CI 0.22–0.78). Additionally, a higher intake of myristoleic FA (fourth quartile) was a significant protective factor for NAFLD [aOR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.32–0.99)]. Participants with higher intake of lauric FA [0.38 (95% CI 0.18–0.80)], myristic FA [0.38 (0.17–0.89)], palmitoleic FA [0.40 (0.19–0.82)] and oleic FA [0.35 (0.16–0.79)] had positively less odds of having liver fibrosis. On the other hand, higher intake of n-6 PUFA was significantly associated with fibrosis [aOR = 2.45 (95% CI 1.12–5.32)]. Dietary assessment of total fat and FA should be incorporated into HIV care as a tool for preventing NAFLD and fibrosis in PLWHA.
Hepatocyte-Specific Phgdh-Deficient Mice Culminate in Mild Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Enhanced Vulnerability to Protein Starvation
Authors: Hamano Momoko , Esaki Kayoko , Moriyasu Kazuki , Yasuda Tokio , Mohri Sinya , Tashiro Kosuke , Hirabayashi Yoshio , Furuya Shigeki
Published: September 2021

l-Serine (Ser) is synthesized de novo from 3-phosphoglycerate via the phosphorylated pathway committed by phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh). A previous study reported that feeding a protein-free diet increased the enzymatic activity of Phgdh in the liver and enhanced Ser synthesis in the rat liver. However, the nutritional and physiological functions of Ser synthesis in the liver remain unclear. To clarify the physiological significance of de novo Ser synthesis in the liver, we generated liver hepatocyte-specific Phgdh KO (LKO) mice using an albumin-Cre driver. The LKO mice exhibited a significant gain in body weight compared to Floxed controls at 23 weeks of age and impaired systemic glucose metabolism, which was accompanied by diminished insulin/IGF signaling. Although LKO mice had no apparent defects in steatosis, the molecular signatures of inflammation and stress responses were evident in the liver of LKO mice. Moreover, LKO mice were more vulnerable to protein starvation than the Floxed mice. These observations demonstrate that Phgdh-dependent de novo Ser synthesis in liver hepatocytes contributes to the maintenance of systemic glucose tolerance, suppression of inflammatory response, and resistance to protein starvation.
The Complementary Roles for Plant-Source and Animal-Source Foods in Sustainable Healthy Diets
Authors: Comerford Kevin B. , Miller Gregory D. , Reinhardt Kapsak Wendy , Brown Katie A.
Published: September 2021

There are approximately 100 countries with food-based dietary guidelines throughout the world, each of which aims to encompass the cultural, geographical, and health considerations unique to their country of origin. Common themes throughout these guides emphasize diverse and balanced intake of food groups from both plant- and animal-sources. With the globally recognized need to shift to more sustainable food systems, several countries and international food and health organizations have begun to incorporate sustainability recommendations into their dietary guidance. These sustainability recommendations are often based on food source (i.e., eat more plant-source and fewer animal-source foods), yet food source may not be the only useful or informative comparator for assessing healthy and sustainable diets. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the roles of plant-source foods and animal-source foods in the context of sustainable healthy diets—with an emphasis on the contributions of the most commonly recommended food groups from global food-based dietary guidelines (i.e., fruits, vegetables, and dairy foods). Overall, plant and animal agriculture have complementary and symbiotic roles in healthy and sustainable food systems, and these abilities are largely dependent on various contextual factors (e.g., geography, production practices, processing methods, consumption patterns)—not just on whether the food originated from the plant or animal kingdom.
Assessment of the Risk of Antipsychotics in Patients with Dementia in Actual Clinical Practice in Primary Health Care
Authors: González-López María del Carmen , García-Ramón María José , Nievas-Soriano Bruno José , Parrón-Carreño Tesifón
Published: September 2021

Behavioral and psychological symptoms are almost universal in elderly patients with dementia. Antipsychotic drugs can be used but only in specific contexts as they can generate severe adverse effects. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the use of antipsychotic drugs in patients with accompanying treatment for dementia in actual clinical practice in primary health care. We further sought to analyze risk variables and factors associated and to acknowledge how sociodemographic and clinical factors weighed on adverse effects’ occurrence. A multicentric cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in three provinces of Spain. Stratified random sampling was performed to select 332 patients. Clinical data from their digital medical records were collected by their family doctors. The Global risk defined if the patients were subjected to risk. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. The most used antipsychotics were quetiapine (65.5%), haloperidol (21.75%), and risperidone (15.8%); 93.8% of patients showed risk, and 81.1% of doses and 75.5% of treatment durations were inappropriate. These two last factors increased the global risk 23 and 20 times, respectively. Conclusions: In actual clinical practice conditions, a high use of antipsychotic drugs was found in patients with dementia. Most patients had inappropriate doses and treatment duration, factors that increased the risk of adverse effects considerably.
Analysis of Infection Time Courses Shows CII Levels Determine the Frequency of Lysogeny in Phage 186
Authors: Hao Nan , Agnew Dylan , Krishna Sandeep , Dodd Ian B. , Shearwin Keith E.
Published: September 2021

Engineered phage with properties optimised for the treatment of bacterial infections hold great promise, but require careful characterisation by a number of approaches. Phage–bacteria infection time courses, where populations of bacteriophage and bacteria are mixed and followed over many infection cycles, can be used to deduce properties of phage infection at the individual cell level. Here, we apply this approach to analysis of infection of Escherichia coli by the temperate bacteriophage 186 and explore which properties of the infection process can be reliably inferred. By applying established modelling methods to such data, we extract the frequency at which phage 186 chooses the lysogenic pathway after infection, and show that lysogenisation increases in a graded manner with increased expression of the lysogenic establishment factor CII. The data also suggest that, like phage λ, the rate of lysogeny of phage 186 increases with multiple infections.
Egr1 Gene Expression as a Potential Biomarker for In Vitro Prediction of Ocular Toxicity
Authors: Hwang Da-Bin , Kim Shin-Young , Won Dong-Hoon , Kim Changuk , Shin Yoo-Sub , Park Jong-Hwan , Chun Young-Jin , Lim Kyung-Min , Yun Jun-Won
Published: September 2021

Animal models are used for preclinical toxicity studies, and the need for in vitro alternative methods has been strongly raised. Our study aims to elucidate the potential mechanism of change in EGR1 expression under situations of toxic injury and to develop an Egr1 promoter–luciferase gene reporter assay for an in vitro alternative method for toxicity prediction in drug discovery. We first found an increase in early growth response-1 (EGR1) mRNA/protein expressions in the liver and kidney of cisplatin-treated injured rats. Additionally, the EGR1 protein level was also elevated under situations of ocular injury after sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) eye drops. These in vivo observations on injury-related EGR1 induction were confirmed by in vitro studies, where human corneal epithelial cells were treated with representative irritants (SLS and benzalkonium chloride) and 17 chemicals having different UN GHS irritant categories. Additionally, our results suggest the involvement of ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK pathways in EGR1 elevation in response to gamma-butyrolactone-induced injury. As EGR1 is considered to be a pivotal factor in proliferation and regeneration, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Egr1 promoted cytotoxic potential through a delay of injury-related recovery. More importantly, the elevation of promoter activities was observed by various irritants in cells transfected with Egr1 promoter-reporter vector. In conclusion, Egr1 can be a potential biomarker in a promoter-reporter system to improve the accuracy of in vitro predictions for ocular irritation.
Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Biosynthesized Au/Cellulose Nanocomposite from Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Hamouda Ragaa A. , Abd El Maksoud Ahmed I. , Wageed Madonna , Alotaibi Amenah S. , Elebeedy Dalia , Khalil Hany , Hassan Amr , Abdella Asmaa
Published: September 2021

Therapeutic selectivity is a critical issue in cancer therapy. As a result of its adjustable physicochemical characteristics, the Au/cellulose nanocomposite currently holds a lot of potential for solving this challenge. This work was designed to prepare a Au/cellulose nanocomposite with enhanced anticancer activity through the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway. Nanocellulose, nanogold (AuNPs), and a Au/cellulose nanocomposite were biosynthesized from microgreen alga Chlorella vulgaris. Using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), zeta potential analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed and characterized. In human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cells), the selectivity and anticancer activity of the produced nanoparticles were evaluated. The cytotoxicity results revealed that the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the Au/cellulose nanocomposite against A549 cancer lung cells was 4.67 ± 0.17 µg/µL compared to 182.75 ± 6.45 µg/µL in the case of HEL299 normal lung fibroblasts. It was found that treatment with nanocellulose and the Au/cellulose nanocomposite significantly increased (p < 0.05) the relative expression of tumor suppressor 53 (p53) in comparison to control cells. They also significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the relative expression of the Raf-1 gene. These findings indicate that nanocellulose and the Au/cellulose nanocomposite regulate cell cycles mostly via the motivation of p53 gene expression and reduction of Raf-1 gene expression.
Classification of tools for promoting films in social networks and the Internet
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Kochergina K. G
Published: October 2021

Within the framework of the study, a classification of tools for promoting films on the Internet and social networks was proposed and analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of specific methods of promoting films in modern realities were studied
Environmentally Responsible Behavior of Tourists in Cognitive, Affect and Attitude Aspects: an Integrated Approach to Sustainable Tourism Destination
Authors: Kement Üzeyir , Bükey Aziz , Başar Berkan , Göral Murat
Published: September 2021

In this research environmental responsible behaviors of tourists visiting sustainable tourism destinations are examined. The process of "cognition-affection-attitude-behavior" is examined in the study. Cognition refers to environmental knowledge, affection refers to environmental sensitivity, attitude refers to place attachment and behavior refers to Environmentally Responsible Behavior (ERB).  233 tourists visiting Trabzon's Uzungöl destination were included in the research. Structural equality model is used in the Smart PLS program to explore the relationship between variables. The results point that sustainable development knowledge has no effect on environmental sensitivity, but environmental protection knowledge positively affects environmental sensitivity. In addition, it has been determined that environmental sensitivity positively affects place identity and place dependence. Finally, place dependence positively affects general ERB and specific ERB. However, while place identity positively affects the general ERB, it does not have a significant effect on the specific ERB. The results of the research reveal the importance of activities that increase the level of environmental knowledge for sustainable tourism destinations. In addition, in-service training for tour guides and tourism managers is expected to be beneficial.
Key words: Environmentally Responsible Behavior; Environmental Knowledge; Environmental Sensitivity; Place Attachment; Sustainable Tourism.
Неупругое рассеяние горячих фотоэлектронов при выходе в вакуум из p-GaAs(Cs,O)
Authors: Бакин В.В. , Рожков С.А. , Косолобов С.Н.
Published: September 2021

Полупрозрачные p-GaAs(Cs,O)-фотокатоды с эффективным отрицательным электронным
сродством (ОЭС) применяются в настоящее время в электронно-оптических преобразователях,
координатно-чувствительных детекторах, в источниках спин-поляризованных и монохроматических
электронов. Каждая из областей практического применения требует оптимизации параметров pGaAs(Cs,O)-фотокатода. Научно-обоснованный подход к такой оптимизации предполагает, что
хорошо известны: атомная структура ОЭС-интерфейса, его энергетическая диаграмма и процессы
рассеяния, сопровождающие выход фотоэлектронов в вакуум. Наиболее информативный метод
изучения энергетической диаграммы и процессов рассеяния основан на анализе энергетических и
угловых распределений эмитированных в вакуум фотоэлектронов. С помощью данного метода, ранее,
были проанализированы энергетические [1] и угловые [2] распределения термализованных
фотоэлектронов. В результате, была предложена модель, в которой предполагалось, что выход в
вакуум представляет собой “двухступенчатый процесс” и сопровождается “промежуточным захватом”
фотоэлектронов в приповерхностные зоны размерного квантования.
Термодинамическая стабильность активирующего покрытия p-GaAs(Cs,O) фотокатода
Authors: Рожков С.А. , Бакин В.В. , Косолобов С.Н.
Published: September 2021

При нанесении на поверхность полупроводников атомов цезия и кислорода можно добиться
состояния эффективного отрицательного электронного сродства (ОЭС) поверхности. Фотокатоды на
основе GaAs с ОЭС широко применяются в научных и технических приложениях, таких как генерация
пучков спин-поляризованных и моноэнергетических электронов, детектирование света с
однофотонной чувствительностью и высоким пространственным и временным разрешением. Одним
из важных параметров фотокатода является его время жизни.
Квантовые сенсоры физических полей на ансамблях NV центров в алмазных
наноструктурах
Authors: Подлесный С. Н. , Карташов И. А. , Тарков С. М.
Published: September 2021

Предел обнаружения квантовых сенсоров на спинах пар азот-вакансия (NV) и их ансамблях в алмазе
пропорционален времени дефазировки спинов Т2
* и обратно пропорционален корню их концентрации.
Однако Т2
* зависит от спинов других дефектов и обычно Т2
*<Т2 – времени спиновой релаксации на NV
центрах. Причем экспериментально выполняется соотношение T2
* << T2 при теоретической величине
T2/T2
*  16 за счет неспаренного электрона доноров Ns
0. Важнейшей задачей является увеличение
плотности NV центров при сохранении длительного времени спиновой когерентности [2]. Оно зависит
как от качества специально разработанных синтетических кристаллов “квантового класса”, так и от
формирования ансамблей и гибкости метода химического осаждения из паровой фазы с помощью
плазмы (CVD). Проблемой остается создание ансамблей в заданной области с контролем числа NV
центров. Задача формирования ансамблей
квантового класса была решена в ИФП, ИГМ и
ИТФ СО РАН.
Циркулярно-поляризованная фотолюминесценция в наноструктурах InGaAs/GaAs,
дельта-легированных Mn
Authors: Дорохин М. В. , Ведь М. В. , Демина П. Б.
Published: September 2021

ранее нами были сформированы гетероструктуры InGaAs/GaAs/дельта, в
которых дельта-слой Mn выполняет функции ферромагнитного слоя, а близкорасположенная (2-12 нм)
к нему квантовая яма InGaAs/GaAs локализует носители заряда. При намагничивании дельта-слоя
носители в квантовой яме ориентируются по спину вследствие взаимодействия с ионами Mn. Спиновая
поляризация носителей изучается путём измерения циркулярной поляризации фотолюминесценции
(ФЛ), возбуждаемой при облучении структуры лазером. В настоящей работе рассмотрен режим
облучения структуры последовательно двумя циркулярно-поляризованными импульсами Tiсапфирового лазера с разным знаком поляризации. Длина волны лазера составляла 890 нм, что близко
по величине к длине волны ФЛ квантовой ямы InGaAs, таким образом было реализовано резонансное
возбуждение носителей в квантовой яме.
Высокоэффективные поляризаторы с металлической решеткой на несущих
полимерных пленках для широкополосной терагерцовой спектроскопии
Authors: Кузнецов С. А. , Гельфанд А. В. , Мамрашев А. А.
Published: September 2021

В данной работе представлены теоретические и экспериментальные результаты по исследованию
характеристик разработанных тонкопленочных широкополосных ТГц поляризаторов на основе
одномерных металлических решеток, полученных фотолитографическим способом. Проведен анализ
конструкции поляризаторов с использованием полноволнового электромагнитного моделирования в
сочетании с полуаналитической моделью. Исследование показало, что одномерные сетки с
наименьшим технологически доступным шагом сетки и 50%-м металлическим заполнением на тонкой
подложке с низким показателем преломления и малым тангенсом угла потерь рекомендуются для
практической реализации.
Гибридные перовскиты – прорыв в солнечной энергетике
Authors: Семенова О. И.
Published: October 2021

Сделан обзор использования гибридных перовскитов.
Барьеры для инжекции носителей в ВЧ-магнетронно напыленные пленки In2O3:Er на
кремнии
Authors: Феклистов К. В. , Лемзяков А. Г. , Шкляев А. А.
Published: October 2021

Работа в перспективе направлена на получение электролюминесцентного материала в прозрачном
для оптоволоконных линий спектральном диапазоне 1.5 мкм по технологии, совместимой с
кремниевой. Это откроет возможность гибридизации оптических систем передачи данных с
электронными системами обработки информации на уровне процессоров и позволит развить
элементную базу оптических коммуникационных систем. Здесь предлагается рассмотреть
альтернативный общепринятому A3B5 класс материалов: легированные редкоземельными элементами
оксиды. Эта работа посвящена исследованию структуры и нахождению барьеров для инжекции тока в
пленках n- и p-Si\In2O3:Er\In-контакт, а так же установлению электронной структуры гетероперехода.
Резонансный фотоотклик плавного потенциального барьера
Authors: Казанцев Д. М. , Ткаченко В. А. , Альперович В. Л.
Published: October 2021

В данной работе предлагается объяснение исчезновения фотоотклика для большей энергии квантов ħ1 = 6.74 мэВ, основанное на квазиклассических
соображениях о сохранении импульса при ФСТ.
Межкраевой плазмон Берри как основа регулируемых однонаправленных устройств
без магнитного поля
Authors: Петров А. С.
Published: October 2021

Мы предсказываем существование нового плазменного возбуждения, которое проявляет хиральные
свойства в отсутствие внешнего магнитного поля. Это возбуждение, которое мы называем межкраевым
плазмоном Берри (МКПБ), локализовано на границе раздела между двумя двумерными электронными
системами (ДЭС) с различными аномальными холловскими проводимостями. Важно отметить,
что МКПБ – это однонаправленная мода,
направление распространения и частота
которой поддаются контролю извне, в
отличие от прочих современных устройств
без магнитного поля. Мы считаем, что
МКПБ представляет собой уникальную
платформу для регулируемой передачи
сигнала с защитой от обратного рассеяния
в отсутствие магнитного поля.
Immunoinformatics: A Basic Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Rahimpour Elaheh , Samad-Soltani Taha
Published: September 2021

Background: Traditionally, immunologists have been using experimental methods for a long time, which have generated functional, clinical and epidemiological data. So, it is inevitable to develop and apply novel computational approaches to collect, store, analyze, and report the latent knowledge behind these data. Immunoinformatics as a new-emerging field uses computational tools that cover multi dimensions of bioinformatics such as databases management and development definition of both structural and functional signatures and the modeling of predictive algorithms. Recently, with the dramatic growth in research documents publishing, the need for new methodologies to structure and visualize knowledge emerged. Methods: Capability to analyze huge amounts of published items with a detailed level of granularity and report statistical, mathematical and visual knowledge within it, introduced an approach called bibliometrics analysis. According to the best of our knowledge, there isn’t any bibliometrics analysis based on immunoinformatics keyword. So, the aim of current study was to perform a brief and basic bibliometrics analysis on the immunoinformatics publications to report the most influencers on this field by statistical and mathematical methods to identify key authors, titles, keywords and other parameters that extracted from publication’s metadata. Results: Results were summarized in statistical tables and diagrams. It was revealed that the immunoinformatics is a relatively novel field and the time trends showed that the strategic research plans can be directed to expand this field. Conclusion: We can conclude that the future is the age of immunoinformatics for immunologists and related specialties.
Harmonytimbre's Structures in the Works of Vladimir Tarnopolski: On the Problem of Harmonic Analysis of New Music
Authors: Иглицкая Анна Константиновна
Published: September 2021

Композиторская техника Владимира Тарнопольского основывается на создании индивидуальных детализированных звуковысотных структур, которые трактуются как единые звучности. Композитор называет такие структуры «гармониетембрами». Можно не только рассматривать их с точки зрения тембровой краски, но и анализировать их звуковысотную структуру, преобразование которой происходит по законам гармонии. В статье проанализирована гармоническая сторона гармониетембровых структур в музыке Тарнопольского на примере сочинений разных лет: «Кассандра» (1991), «Маятник Фуко» (2004), «Be@thoven. Invokation» (2017). В результате анализа выявлены основные приемы работы с гармониетембрами и сформулированы закономерности построения звуковысотных структур в музыке Тарнопольского.

Vladimir Tarnopolski's compositional technique is based on the individual detailed pitch structures, which are interpreted as a one sound. The composer calls such structures “harmonytimbres.” We can consider them not only from the point of view of timbre character, but also analyze their pitch structure, which develops according to the laws of harmony. The article is devoted to the harmonic side of harmonytimbre's structures in Tarnopolski's music on the example of his works from different years: “Cassandra” (1991), “Foucault's Pendulum” (2004), “Be@thoven. Invokation” (2017). As a result of the analysis, the main methods of working with harmonytimbres are identified and the regularities of constructing pitch structures in Tarnopolski's music are formulated.
Migrant vulnerability or asylum seeker/refugee vulnerability? More than complex categories
Authors: La Spina Encarnación
Published: September 2021

The current theoretical socio-legal approach to vulnerability and vulnerable individuals, groups and populations is complex and wide-ranging. Unlike other traditional categories of “vulnerable groups”, the specific dimensions of migrant vulnerability raise issues that have not been properly resolved by laws, policies or judicial interpretation. This paper seeks to review and explain the reasons for the black-and-white legal categorical distinction between two types of people who migrate: “voluntary” migrants (economic, undocumented), and forced migrants (asylum seekers, refugees), based on their presumed internal or external “vulnerability”. It also reviews European asylum law to analyse the complex classification of asylum seeker/refugee vulnerability. This can help explain why some “particularly vulnerable categories” in compounded situations of intersectional vulnerability risk falling between the cracks. There is an urgent need to reassess the bivalent categories and the compact dimensions of migrant vulnerability, in order to find balanced internal coherence in the regulations that manage heterogeneous migration processes.
Motherhood of women deprived of freedom in Cuba
Authors: Torres Rodríguez Laidiana , Páez Cuba Lisett D.
Published: September 2021

Studies on maternity in prison reveal a special meritorious form of new social epistemologies that go beyond the legal approach and the prison environment. The article aims to assess the exercise of motherhood by women deprived of liberty from a sociological and legal perspective that allows its resizing towards an adequate gender approach and an effective protection of the best interests of the children, based on the practical experiences, institutional and public policies of the Cuban prison system. For these purposes, motherhood is defined from the biological and sociocultural dimensions, understood as a legal fact. Specific international protection is analyzed from the Mandela Rules and the Bangkok Rules. The Cuban context and the Spanish correlative are characterized, as both share the triple stigmatization of women and merit reflection on the social role of prisons in the treatment of incarcerated motherhood and childhood.
Freudiana: the Last Chapter
Authors: Simó Ferenc Zoltán
Published: October 2021

As the third and (supposedly) ultimate part of the Freudiana trilogy, our aim has not changed. We have intended to find answers to our question: is there a place of Freudiana in contemporary culture and in science? Also, we examine how Freudiana and its particular discursive practice have found its voice in different disciplines, even if as a science has been rejected countless times.
River Restoration and the EU Water Framework Directive
Authors:   Fokkens B.
Published: October 2021

River restoration contributes to overall improvement of the river basin ecological state. Ecologically sound river restoration strives for rehabilitation of the lost ecological functions, contribution to biodiversity, support of the species recovery through wild animal habitats development and improvement of inner and coastal waters quality due to retention of sediments, nutrients and pollutants during the flood periods. Issues of river restoration in Europe, objectives of European Center for River Restoration as well as EU Framework Water Directive influence on water management in Europe has been discussed.
Fish migration and reproduction in urban environment — restoration of the Lososinka River as habitat for the Onega Lake salmon, Petrozavodsk
Authors:   Jormola J., Järvenpää L.
Published: October 2021

To enable natural spawning, new projects to construct fish passes are going on in most big rivers in Finland. In the Interreg project «Restoring salmon runs into Oulu and Lososinka Rivers» fish pass options were examined for rivers in Finland and in Russia. Oulujoki River, once a famous salmon river is totally constructed and only few reproduction sites are left in the main channels and in some tributaries. To create new reproduction area, the principle of spawning channels which are commonly constructed in Canada, was integrated in the planning of nature-like fish passes. To optimize the area and quality of reproduction habitats, flow and habitat 2D modeling was used. The Lososinka River in Petrozavodsk, capital of Karelian Republic is a small urban stream 25 km long. It is blocked by dams, but there is still existing an original stock of landlock Onega Lake salmon. In the project measures for enabling migration through three dams in the city centre area were proposed. There are excellent reproduction habitats above the dams. Because of the value of the river as a key element in the urban environment, the landscape values had to be considered.
Identification of Priorites in Action on Reduction of Euthrophia in the Greatest Transboundart Water Body of Europe the Chud-Pskov Lake
Authors:   Tarbayeva V.M., Lupachev O.Y., Minasyan A.A.
Published: October 2021

The paper gives data on biogenic load dynamics for the Lake Chud-Pskov for the period 1998—2007; the main sources of biogenic matter pollution have been revealed, assessment of the lake ecological state has been given in connection with the biogenic load upon it; priorities in measures on the greatest transboundary water body of Europe euthrophication level decrease have been identified.
Stabilization of noise parameters during annealing of highly alloyed structures of noise diodes
Authors: Busliuk V. V. , Emelyanov V. A. , Baranov V. V. , Derechennik S. S. , Prasalovich V. S.
Published: October 2021

Stabilization of residual point defects at the finishing stages of noise diodes can be ensured by the selection of appropriate ignition modes and the environment of its conduct. The method and technology of reducing the concentration of point defects in the structure of p-n-transition, taking into account the content of impurities of secondary metals, oxygen and nitrogen is proposed. It has been established that the burning of readymade structures and diodes of noise generators in nitrogen environments at temperatures of 450…600 °С for (80 ± 3) min leads to an increase in spectral noise density and a significant (twice) reduction of its unevenness. The most important result of this burn is a reduction in the spread of the average values of the noise parameters studied: by 61.2 % in effective noise voltage; spectral density by 34.2 %; at the boundary frequency of the signal by 34.9 %; in non-linear density by 25.9 %. This improves the quality of random numerical sequences in information protection software systems.
Research stand for microplasma surface treatment of materials at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Bordusau S. V. , Madveika S. I. , Barakhoyeu A. L. , Tsikhan O. I. , Maiseyeu A. A.
Published: October 2021

A research stand for microplasma treatment of object surfaces with the ability to move the discharge zone along the object using a program-controlled linear stepper motor has been developed. The design of the stand allows the use of different types of plasma generation systems, as well as processing with feeding of various gases such as air, nitrogen, oxygen, etc. into the discharge zone. The research bench is equipped with measuring equipment for monitoring the electrical and physical characteristics of the discharge (digital oscilloscopes, optical emission spectrometer, air ion meter, etc.). A microhardness tester, goniometer, interference microscope, tribometer, tensile testing machine, etc. can be used to further evaluate the quality and characteristics of the treated surfaces. Examples of the electrical characteristics of discharge devices tested as part of the research stand, optical emission spectroscopy of plasma, and results of measurements of the contact angle of treated objects surfaces are given.
La labor de verificación de noticias desde el departamento de comunicación. Estudio de casos en el sector agroalimentario
Authors: Vázquez Almendros Paula , Paniagua Rojano Francisco Javier
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo analiza la importancia de la verificación de noticias e informaciones desde los departamentos de comunicación de empresas y organizaciones, para combatir la desinformación y los bulos que, bien desde fuera -la competencia, clientes y otros agentes- o desde dentro, se generan con diferentes intenciones. El objetivo de esta investigación se centra en definir la organización, la estructura, las herramientas, los planes de acción para combatir estos bulos, rumores y la desinformación sobre empresas e instituciones. Para ello, esta investigación se basa en el estudio de caso de la cooperativa Dcoop. En concreto, partiendo de la observación directa, el análisis de contenido y el cuestionario a socios y empleados de la sociedad se pretende diseñar una estrategia para luchar contra la desinformación y los bulos, con la implicación de los diferentes grupos de interés. Como solución se propone reforzar la estrategia de comunicación con su complicidad y una propuesta de organización y protocolo de acción desde el área de Comunicación de la empresa, reforzando también la comunicación permanente y la transparencia.
Use of the results of operative-investigative activities: current problems and prospects
Authors: Rodichev Maksim
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the most important of the currently existing problems of the use of the results of operative-investigative activity, as well as formulated proposals for improving the legislation that regulates the use of the results of operative-investigative activity.

According to the author, scientific development of the optimization of the legal basis for using the results of operative-investigative activity consists in finding the balance between providing stakeholders with a legal possibility to use the results of operational-search activity in socially useful purposes and ensuring respect for all the rights and legitimate interests of citizens, society and the state.

The purpose of the study is the search for the currently existing, most important problems of using the results of operative-investigative activity, as well as development of proposals for improving the legislation that regulates the use of the results of operative-investigative activity.

The methodology of the study was comprised of a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis) and special (formal-legal, comparative-legal) methods.

Resulting from the study, a conclusion about the need to improve the legislation regulating the usage of the results of operative-investigative activity was made and directions for its improvement were suggested. Areas indicated for improvement are: expanding the goals and the range of subjects of using the results of operative-investigative activity, reconciliation of federal and departmental legal acts regulating the usage of the results of operative-investigative activity, as well as defect correction of law rules governing the use of the results of operative-investigative activity arising from poor legislative technique.

It is the author’s conclusion that the development of theoretical and legal problems that arise when presenting and using the results of OIA is currently a promising area of legal sciences of a criminal law nature.
Martial Law as a Legal Phenomenon of the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Gennadievich Sergei , Deryugin Aleksey
Published: October 2021

The article attempts to give an objective assessment of the state wartime policy aimed at regulating public relations during the Great Patriotic War, to qualify the activities of the military authorities, the USSR NKVD troops and bodies as subjects of legal relations developed in the sphere of functioning of the legal regime of that time. The relevance of the research of the mentioned problems is conditioned by the urgent need to strengthen the confrontation with the ongoing attempts to rewrite the history and neutralize the significance of the USSR’s victory over Nazi Germany. From the standpoint of the principle of historicism, the article reveals the legal structure of the martial law regime as a wartime integral legal phenomenon. The specific historical reasons for the establishment of an emergency legal regime in the frontline zone, its content as a kind of martial law regime, the specificity of the troops and bodies activities of the USSR NKVD to ensure the legal regime of the frontline zone are also shown. Based on archival and other historical sources, the article substantiates the conclusion that the scope of powers of the military authorities, troops and law enforcement agencies directly depended on the severity degree of the legal regime, which, in its turn, determined the restriction degree of the rights and freedoms of the population living in the areas of the emergency legal provisions action. Recommendations for the application of emergency legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring state and public security, taking into account the interests of the state and society, are formulated in the conclusion.