bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and acceptance of information and communication technology (ICT) among urban and rural teachers in teaching and facilitation
Authors:   Faculty of Languages and Communication, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, et al. Thannimalai
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study was to find out the attitudes and acceptance of information and communication technology (ICT) among urban and rural teachers in Teaching and Facilitation (TnF). The use of ICT helps in improving the effectiveness of all areas including education. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) introduced by Fred Davis was used to identify the relationship between teacher attitudes and differences in ICT acceptance between urban and rural areas teachers’ behavior in TnF. This was to determine the actual influencing factors among the Tamil language teachers on the use of information and communication technology in Tamil language TnF. There are several other works carried out in this field including computer teaching and learning, challenges of ICT, teachers' perceptions of ICT, and many more, but the present study is based among urban and rural teachers of Malaysia. Other works done in this field do not focus on students and teachers of Tamil schools. This study is a quantitative study involving a questionnaire. The study involved 96 Tamil schools in the state of Selangor and a total of 260 Tamil language teachers participated in this study. 167 urban schools and 93 rural schools were involved in this study. Data obtained through questionnaires were evaluated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, hence documented in chronology relevant to the objectives of the study. The findings of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between teachers in urban and rural areas in the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Tamil language TnF. Through this study, a strong culture of ICT use is applied in the Tamil language TnF process in urban and rural SJK (T) which can be practiced by various stakeholders.
Prediction of Maternal Hemorrhage Using Machine Learning: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Westcott Jill M , Hughes Francine , Liu Wenke , Grivainis Mark , Hoskins Iffath , Fenyo David
Published: June 2022

Background

Postpartum hemorrhage remains one of the largest causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to use machine learning techniques to identify patients at risk for postpartum hemorrhage at obstetric delivery.

Methods

Women aged 18 to 55 years delivering at a major academic center from July 2013 to October 2018 were included for analysis (N=30,867). A total of 497 variables were collected from the electronic medical record including the following: demographic information; obstetric, medical, surgical, and family history; vital signs; laboratory results; labor medication exposures; and delivery outcomes. Postpartum hemorrhage was defined as a blood loss of ≥1000 mL at the time of delivery, regardless of delivery method, with 2179 (7.1%) positive cases observed.
Supervised learning with regression-, tree-, and kernel-based machine learning methods was used to create classification models based upon training (21,606/30,867, 70%) and validation (4630/30,867, 15%) cohorts. Models were tuned using feature selection algorithms and domain knowledge. An independent test cohort (4631/30,867, 15%) determined final performance by assessing for accuracy, area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), and sensitivity for proper classification of postpartum hemorrhage. Separate models were created using all collected data versus models limited to data available prior to the second stage of labor or at the time of decision to proceed with cesarean delivery. Additional models examined patients by mode of delivery.

Results

Gradient boosted decision trees achieved the best discrimination in the overall model. The model including all data mildly outperformed the second stage model (AUROC 0.979, 95% CI 0.971-0.986 vs AUROC 0.955, 95% CI 0.939-0.970). Optimal model accuracy was 98.1% with a sensitivity of 0.763 for positive prediction of postpartum hemorrhage. The second stage model achieved an accuracy of 98.0% with a sensitivity of 0.737. Other selected algorithms returned models that performed with decreased discrimination. Models stratified by mode of delivery achieved good to excellent discrimination but lacked the sensitivity necessary for clinical applicability.

Conclusions

Machine learning methods can be used to identify women at risk for postpartum hemorrhage who may benefit from individualized preventative measures. Models limited to data available prior to delivery perform nearly as well as those with more complete data sets, supporting their potential utility in the clinical setting. Further work is necessary to create successful models based upon mode of delivery and to validate the findings of this study. An unbiased approach to hemorrhage risk prediction may be superior to human risk assessment and represents an area for future research.
Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation Using Machine Learning With Wearable Devices After Cardiac Surgery: Algorithm Development Study
Authors: Hiraoka Daisuke , Inui Tomohiko , Kawakami Eiryo , Oya Megumi , Tsuji Ayumu , Honma Koya , Kawasaki Yohei , Ozawa Yoshihito , Shiko Yuki , Ueda Hideki , Kohno Hiroki , Matsuura Kaoru , Watanabe Michiko , Yakita Yasunori , Matsumiya Goro
Published: June 2022

Background

Some attempts have been made to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) with a wearable device equipped with photoelectric volumetric pulse wave technology, and it is expected to be applied under real clinical conditions.

Objective

This study is the second part of a 2-phase study aimed at developing a method for immediate detection of paroxysmal AF, using a wearable device with built-in photoplethysmography (PPG). The objective of this study is to develop an algorithm to immediately diagnose AF by an Apple Watch equipped with a PPG sensor that is worn by patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to use machine learning on the pulse data output from the device.

Methods

A total of 80 patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a single institution between June 2020 and March 2021 were monitored for postoperative AF, using a telemetry-monitored electrocardiogram (ECG) and an Apple Watch. AF was diagnosed by qualified physicians from telemetry-monitored ECGs and 12-lead ECGs; a diagnostic algorithm was developed using machine learning on the pulse rate data output from the Apple Watch.

Results

One of the 80 patients was excluded from the analysis due to redness caused by wearing the Apple Watch. Of 79 patients, 27 (34.2%) developed AF, and 199 events of AF including brief AF were observed. Of them, 18 events of AF lasting longer than 1 hour were observed, and cross-correlation analysis showed that pulse rate measured by Apple Watch was strongly correlated (cross-correlation functions [CCF]: 0.6-0.8) with 8 events and very strongly correlated (CCF>0.8) with 3 events. The diagnostic accuracy by machine learning was 0.9416 (sensitivity 0.909 and specificity 0.838 at the point closest to the top left) for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Conclusions

We were able to safely monitor pulse rate in patients who wore an Apple Watch after cardiac surgery. Although the pulse rate measured by the PPG sensor does not follow the heart rate recorded by telemetry-monitored ECGs in some parts, which may reduce the accuracy of AF diagnosis by machine learning, we have shown the possibility of clinical application of using only the pulse rate collected by the PPG sensor for the early detection of AF.
Promoting Physical Activity Among University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Goncalves Aurelie , Bernal Caroline , Korchi Karim , Nogrette Maxence , Deshayes Maxime , Philippe Antony G , Gisclard Béatrice , Charbonnier Elodie
Published: June 2022

Background

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, sanitary context and e-learning have greatly modified student lifestyles and led to deteriorations in their mental health. An increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms and sedentary behaviors, reduction in physical activity, and a stronger tendency to move toward unhealthy diet have been demonstrated. This finding highlights the need for innovative interventions to promote healthy lifestyle among students.

Objective

This research protocol aims to evaluate the effects of an intervention program on the lifestyle and psychological state of students.

Methods

Students from University of Nîmes were recruited and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 following conditions: an intervention group and a control group. Participants in the intervention group were engaged in an 8-week physical activity program. Prior to the start of the program, design-based innovative workshops were conducted with participants to ensure that the program was co-constructed by the users and met their specific needs. Students in the control group did not receive any intervention. For each group, measures of physical activity, sedentary time, anthropometric data, sleep, physical condition, and psychological variables (eg, anxiety, depression, motivation, body appreciation, perceived control, well-being) were conducted at baseline and 9 weeks later.

Results

A total of 110 participants were initially included. Reporting of the results is projected for the spring of 2022.

Conclusions

It is anticipated that this innovative intervention co-constructed by pairs will promote a healthier lifestyle and psychological health in students. There is every reason to believe that a mobilized co-construction approach is a promising strategy to limit unhealthy habits and promote physical activity while increasing motivation. The development and evaluation of interventions to address the specific needs of university students is essential and could be transferred to other vulnerable populations such as people with chronic diseases or older people.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05019482; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05019482

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/36429
Social Listening to Enhance Access to Appropriate Pandemic Information Among Culturally Diverse Populations: Case Study From Finland
Authors: Lohiniva Anna-Leena , Sibenberg Katja , Austero Sara , Skogberg Natalia
Published: June 2022

Background

Social listening, the process of monitoring and analyzing conversations to inform communication activities, is an essential component of infodemic management. It helps inform context-specific communication strategies that are culturally acceptable and appropriate for various subpopulations. Social listening is based on the notion that target audiences themselves can best define their own information needs and messages.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the development of systematic social listening training for crisis communication and community outreach during the COVID-19 pandemic through a series of web-based workshops and to report the experiences of the workshop participants implementing the projects.

Methods

A multidisciplinary team of experts developed a series of web-based training sessions for individuals responsible for community outreach or communication among linguistically diverse populations. The participants had no previous training in systematic data collection or monitoring. This training aimed to provide participants with sufficient knowledge and skills to develop a social listening system based on their specific needs and available resources. The workshop design took into consideration the pandemic context and focused on qualitative data collection. Information on the experiences of the participants in the training was gathered based on participant feedback and their assignments and through in-depth interviews with each team.

Results

A series of 6 web-based workshops was conducted between May and September 2021. The workshops followed a systematic approach to social listening and included listening to web-based and offline sources; rapid qualitative analysis and synthesis; and developing communication recommendations, messages, and products. Follow-up meetings were organized between the workshops during which participants could share their achievements and challenges. Approximately 67% (4/6) of the participating teams established social listening systems by the end of the training. The teams tailored the knowledge provided during the training to their specific needs. As a result, the social systems developed by the teams had slightly different structures, target audiences, and aims. All resulting social listening systems followed the taught key principles of systematic social listening to collect and analyze data and used these new insights for further development of communication strategies.

Conclusions

This paper describes an infodemic management system and workflow based on qualitative inquiry and adapted to local priorities and resources. The implementation of these projects resulted in content development for targeted risk communication, addressing linguistically diverse populations. These systems can be adapted for future epidemics and pandemics.
Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Performance of Small Enterprises
Authors: Irikefe Pureheart Ogheneogaga , Bagobiri Esther Yimi
Published: June 2022

Several studies have revealed the importance of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) concept in improving firm performance since its inception. However, because of the complications that small businesses face, there are still concerns about whether EO can improve their performance. This study investigated the effect of EO on the performance of small enterprises in Abuja, Nigeria. The objective of the study is to specifically assess the effect of the dimensions of EO viz. autonomy, innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking on the business performance of small enterprises in Abuja. The study made use of a survey research design to target a population of 2750 small enterprises in Abuja. Using the Taro Yamane formula, a sample size of 349 was obtained. Of the questionnaires randomly issued to the small enterprises, 338 were completed and returned representing a 96.84% response rate. The questionnaires contained closed-ended questions that were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The data was then analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. Arising from the result, the regression model was significant at 0.000 with the calculated value greater than the critical value (16.910>2.399), hence, the null hypothesis was rejected. It was concluded that, overall, EO has a significant effect on business performance. However, of the dimensions tested, autonomy is insignificant, while innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking are significant. The study recommends that entrepreneurial development initiative that aims at building the EO dimensions of small enterprises should focus on innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking, rather than autonomy.
Genuine multipartite entanglement of quantum states in the multiple-copy scenario
Authors: Palazuelos Carlos , Vicente Julio I. de
Published: June 2022

Genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) is considered a powerful form of entanglement since it corresponds to those states that are not biseparable, i.e. a mixture of partially separable states across different bipartitions of the parties. In this work we study this phenomenon in the multiple-copy regime, where many perfect copies of a given state can be produced and controlled. In this scenario the above definition leads to subtle intricacies as biseparable states can be GME-activatable, i.e. several copies of a biseparable state can display GME. We show that the set of GME-activatable states admits a simple characterization: a state is GME-activatable if and only if it is not partially separable across one bipartition of the parties. This leads to the second question of whether there is a general upper bound in the number of copies that needs to be considered in order to observe the activation of GME, which we answer in the negative. In particular, by providing an explicit construction, we prove that for any number of parties and any number k∈N there exist GME-activatable multipartite states of fixed (i.e. independent of k) local dimensions such that k copies of them remain biseparable.
Kepatuhan dalam Regimen Pengobatan pada Pasien Chonic Kidney Disease (CKD) yang Menjalani Hemodialisa di RSD dr.Soebandi Jember
Authors: Meida Kurniasari Dwi , Hafan Sutawardana Jon , Kushariyadi Kushariyadi
Published: June 2022

The treatment adherence is the key to successful treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients who undergoing hemodialysis therapy. There are four indicators including; adherence to the hemodialysis schedule, adherence to the consumption of drugs, adherence to fluid restrictions, and adherence to dietary restrictions, which adherence to medication can inhibit the progression of kidney damage. The aim of this study was to determine the image of treatment adherence in Chronic Kidney Disease patients who undergoing hemodialysis in RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember. The method of study was descriptif with cross-sectional design. Total sampels in this study were 111 samples. The result shows that a median value of 43, with a minimum value of 33 and a maximum value of 51. Thus, it be concluded that the adherence treatment patients Chronic Kidney Disease undergoing hemodyalisis is good because value of median it is close a value maximum.
Gambaran Stres Keluarga dalam Merawat Anggota Keluarga yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di Rumah Sakit Tingkat III Baladhika Husada Jember
Authors: Harianto Dwi , Murtaqib Murtaqib , Kushariyadi Kushariyadi
Published: June 2022

The family role changes occur in families who care for chemotherapy patients can cause an increasing stress levels in the family. It has a major influence on improving the health of patients who are undergoing chemotherapy, because the family's ability to provide care to patients cannot be given optimally. The study aims to analyze how the description of family stress in caring for family members undergoing chemotherapy at Baladika Husada Level III Hospital Jember. The study uses a quantitative descriptive design, the sample of this study was collected by purposive sampling technique involving as many as 192 families. The respondents in this study are nuclear or main families who treat patients undergoing chemotherapy. The average age of respondents in this study was 42.40 years old. The data collected using the DASS 42 questionnaire to measure the level of stress that occurs in families. . The data analysis was carried out by observing the frequency table. The results of the study stated that 50.5% of families experience severe stress, 23.4% of families experience moderate stress, 16.1% of families experience very severe stress, 9.4% of families experience mild stress and 0.5% of families are under normal stress . The conclusions obtained from the results of the study show that families who care for patients undergoing chemotherapy experience severe stress. The results of this study are expected to be one of the reference to nurses  for not only focus on patients, but also provide counseling to families who care for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang MP-ASI dengan Status Gizi pada Bayi Umur 6-24 Bulan
Authors: Zona Pori , Mulyani Sri , Raudhoh Siti
Published: June 2022

The State of malnutrition and more nutrition in infant and children is due to improper complementary feeding habits and the mother ignorance of the benefits and the correct way of providing complementary feeding so that it affects the mother’s behavior in giving MP-ASI. This research is a descriptive correlation study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were mothers who had children aged 6-24 months at the primary health center Putri Ayu Kota Jambi.The description of mother's knowledge about MP-ASI is in the good category as many as 51 respondents (57%). The nutritional status of infants aged 6-24 months is in the good category of 68 infants (76%). There is a significant relationship between knowledge and nutritional status where the p-value is 0.027 (p <0.05).There is a significant relationship between knowledge and nutritional status where the p-value is 0.027 (p <0.05). It is expected that mothers of toddlers play a more active role in finding information in providing good and correct MP-ASI so that toddlers grow up healthy and develop optimally.
ABSTRAK
Keadaan kurang gizi dan gizi yang lebih pada bayi dan anak disebabkan karena kebiasaan pemberian MP-ASI yang tidak tepat dan ketidaktahuan ibu tentang manfaat dan cara pemberian MP-ASI yang benar sehingga berpengaruh terhadap perilaku ibu dalam pemberian MP-ASI.Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian descriptive korelasi dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak usia 6-24 bulan di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi. Gambaran pengetahuan ibu tentang MP-ASI berada dalam kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 51 responden (57%). Gambaran status gizi pada bayi usia 6-24 bulan berada dalam kategori baik yaitu 68 bayi (76%). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan status gizi dimana p-Value sebesar 0,027 (p <0,05).Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan status gizi dimana p-Value sebesar 0,027 (p <0,05). Diharapkan ibu balita berperan lebih aktif dalam mencari informasi dalam pemberian MP-ASI yang baik dan benar agar balita tumbuh sehat dan berkembang secara optimal.
Kata Kunci: MP-ASI, Status Gizi
Upaya Advokasi Dan Peningkatan Partisipasi Dalam Melakukan Pemantauan Jentik Nyamuk Aedes Pada Siswa SMP N 12 Kota Tanjung Pinang
Authors: Daswito Rinaldi
Published: June 2022

Tanjungpinang Timur District is the most common district of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) every year. During the last 5 years deaths due to DHF always occur in Tanjungpinang Timur District. Need to trigger the community to participate in the activities of one house one larvae monitor (JUMANTIK) to eradicate mosquito breeding places at home. This community service activity aimed to motivate the community to participate in monitoring mosquito breeding sites through the responsibility of JUMANTIK by forming a task force called the school larvae detective (DETIK) and also having an active role in monitoring larvae in their homes. Community service was carried out with preliminary survey stages, situation analysis, getting to know and interacting with the school, stakeholder advocacy, conducting triggering to increase student participation to perform PSN and larvae monitoring, forming committees and members of detective detective, conducting technical guidance and evaluating and strengthening commitments in making changes in behavior. A special committee had been formed in the form of "Larvae Detective" at SMPN 12 Kota Tanjungpinang, which consists of students and School Health Unit (UKS) members. This committee is accompanied by the UKS supervisor with the task of monitoring larvae around the school once a week and motivating other students to be able to implement larvae monitoring at home on a regular basis.
Rhabdomyosarcoma xenotransplants in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Siebert Jakob , Schneider Michaela , Reuter-Schmitt Daniela , Würtemberger Julia , Neubüser Annette , Driever Wolfgang , Hettmer Simone , Kapp Friedrich
Published: June 2022

Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are the most common pediatric soft tissue
sarcomas. High-risk and metastatic disease continues to be associated
with very poor prognosis. RMS model systems that faithfully recapitulate
the human disease and provide rapid, cost-efficient estimates of
anti-tumor efficacy of candidate drugs are needed to facilitate drug
development and personalized medicine approaches. Here, we present a new
zebrafish-based xenotransplant model allowing for rapid and easily
accessible drug screening using low numbers of viable tumor cells and
relatively small amounts of water-soluble chemicals. Under optimized
temperature conditions, embryonal RMS-xenografts were established in
zebrafish embryos at 3 hours post fertilization (hpf). In
proof-of-principle experiments, chemotherapy drugs with established
clinical anti-RMS efficacy (vincristine, dactinomycin) and the MEK
inhibitor trametinib were shown to significantly reduce the
cross-sectional area of the tumors by 120 hpf. RMS xenograft models in
zebrafish embryos henceforth could serve as a valuable addition to cell
culture and mammalian models of RMS and represent a rapid and
cost-effective solution for pre-clinical candidate drug testing.
Novel mutation in CECR1 gene associated with deficiency of adenosine deaminase -2 presenting as severe congenital neutropenia
Authors: Borah Pronamee , Jeyaraman Preethi , Dayal Nitin , Rath Prasan Deep , Naithani Rahul
Published: June 2022

Children with congenital neutropenia frequently require hospitalization
due to febrile neutropenia. Deficiency of Adenosine DeAminase -2(DADA-2)
an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in CECR1 gene. It
is an autoinflammatory disease presenting with autoimmunity and features
of immunodeficiency. It usually presents in early childhood with
recurrent stroke and vasculitis features. Here, we report a young male
with CECR1 mutation presenting predominantly with neutropenia.
Haplotype-phased and chromosome-level assembly of Puccinia polysora, a giga-scale fungal pathogen causing southern corn rust
Authors: Liang junmin , Li Yuanjie , Dodds Peter , Figueroa Melania , Sperschneider Jana , Han Shiling , Tsui Kin-Ming (Clement) , Zhang Keyu , Li Leifu , Ma Zhanhong , Cai Lei
Published: June 2022

Rust fungi are characterized by large genomes with high repeat content,
and have two haploid nuclei in most life stages, which makes achieving
high-quality genome assemblies challenging. Here, we describe a pipeline
using HiFi reads and Hi-C data to assemble a gigabase-sized fungal
pathogen, Puccinia polysora f.sp. zeae, to haplotype-phased and
chromosome-scale. The final assembled genome is 1.71 Gbp, with
~850 Mbp and 18 chromosomes in each haplotype, being
currently the largest fungal genome assembled to chromosome scale.
Transcript-based annotation identified 47,512 genes with a similar
number for each haplotype. A high level of interhaplotype variation was
found with 10% haplotype-specific BUSCO genes, 5.8 SNPs/kbp, and
structural variation accounting for 3% of the genome size. The P.
polysora genome displayed over 85% repeat content, with genome-size
expansion, gene losses and gene family expansions suggested by multiple
copies of species-specific orthogroups. Interestingly, these features
did not affect overall synteny with other Puccinia species with smaller
genomes. Fine-time-point transcriptomics revealed seven clusters of
co-expressed secreted proteins that are conserved between two
haplotypes. The fact that candidate effectors interspersed with all
genes indicated the absence of a “two-speed genome” evolution in P.
polysora. Genome resequencing of 79 additional isolates revealed a
clonal population structure of P. polysora in China with low geographic
differentiation. Nevertheless, a minor population drifted from the major
population by having mutations on secreted proteins including AvrRppC,
indicating the ongoing evolution and population differentiation. The
high-quality assembly provides valuable genomic resources for future
studies on the evolution of P. polysora.
Multifocal nodular lesions in fatty liver mimicking neoplastic disease : a case report
Authors: khsiba amal , moalla manel , Mahmoudi Moufida , bouzaidi khaled , Mohamed Asma Ben , Yakoubi Manel , Medhioub Mouna , Hamzaoui Lamine , Azzouz Mohamed Msaddak
Published: June 2022

We present a case of a 61-years old female patient with family history
of malignancy who presented with multiple nodules at the ultrasonography
images. CT scan and MRI were not sufficient to pose a certain diagnosis
which was later confirmed by liver biopsy.
TLR4 and EGFR signaling differentially regulate inflammatory bone loss induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice
Authors: Yao Zilong , Chen Te , He Ruiyi , Cheng Chubin , Su Jianwen , Cheng Caiyu , Gong Pin , Liu Zhixiang , Yang Xiaodong , Zhang Xianrong , Yu Bin
Published: June 2022

Background and purpose: Chronic inflammation may affect bone metabolism,
leading to consequent bone loss and increased fracture risk.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of Gram-negative bacteria
from an infection or leaky gut, may cause chronic inflammatory bone
loss. This study aims to enrich the mechanism by which LPS promotes the
pathogenesis of bone loss. Experimental approach: C57BL/6 mice were
treated with 1.5 mg•kg-1 of LPS or vehicle by intraperitoneal injection
3 times a week. The pharmacological effect of disulfiram, resatorvid,
erlotinib were assessed in mice models of chronic inflammatory bone loss
induced by LPS. Primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were
used to evaluate the roles of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in pyroptosis. Key results: We
demonstrated that TLR4 and EGFR signaling differentially regulated
pyroptosis in BMDMs, mediating LPS-induced low proliferation of
osteoprogenitors and inflammatory bone destruction. Pharmacological
treatment of LPS-treated mice with pyroptosis inhibitor by disulfiram,
TLR4 signaling inhibitor by resatorvid, or EGFR signaling inhibitor by
erlotinib protected mice against loss of osteoblasts and
osteoprogenitors, and rescued inflammatory bone destruction as well.
Mechanistically, we found that LPS suppressed the proliferation of
osteoprogenitors by activating pyroptosis in BMDMs. Further, EGFR
signaling mediated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-18 while TLR4
signaling mediated LPS-induced pyroptosis and release of IL-1β and
IL-18. Conclusion and implications: These findings have identified TLR4
and EGFR signaling in BMDMs as a co-regulator of pyroptosis and
inflammatory bone destruction, highlighting the importance of targeting
pyroptosis against LPS-induced bone loss.
Serum Orotidine: A Novel Biomarker of Increased CVD Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Discovered Through Metabolomics Studies
Authors: Shah Hetal S. , Moreno Lorena Ortega , Morieri Mario Luca , Tang Yaling , Mendonca Christine , Jobe Jenny Marie , Thacker Jonathan B. , Mitri Joanna , Monti Stefano , Niewczas Monika A. , Pennathur Subramaniam , Doria Alessandro
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE

To identify novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D) via a hypothesis-free global metabolomics study, while taking into account renal function, an important confounder often overlooked in previous metabolomics studies of CVD.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a global serum metabolomics analysis using the Metabolon platform in a discovery set from the Joslin Kidney Study having a nested case-control design comprising 409 individuals with T2D. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between incident CVD events and each of the 671 metabolites detected by the Metabolon platform, before and after adjustment for renal function and other CVD risk factors. Significant metabolites were followed up with absolute quantification assays in a validation set from the Joslin Heart Study including 599 individuals with T2D with and without clinical evidence of significant coronary heart disease (CHD).

RESULTS

In the discovery set, serum orotidine and 2-piperidinone were significantly associated with increased odds of incident CVD after adjustment for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (odds ratio [OR] per SD increment 1.94 [95% CI 1.39–2.72], P = 0.0001, and 1.62 [1.26–2.08], P = 0.0001, respectively). Orotidine was also associated with increased odds of CHD in the validation set (OR 1.39 [1.11–1.75]), while 2-piperidinone did not replicate. Furthermore, orotidine, being inversely associated with GFR, mediated 60% of the effects of declining renal function on CVD risk. Addition of orotidine to established clinical predictors improved (P < 0.05) C statistics and discrimination indices for CVD risk (ΔAUC 0.053, rIDI 0.48, NRI 0.42) compared with the clinical predictors alone.

CONCLUSIONS

Through a robust metabolomics approach, with independent validation, we have discovered serum orotidine as a novel biomarker of increased odds of CVD in T2D, independent of renal function. Additionally, orotidine may be a biological mediator of the increased CVD risk associated with poor kidney function and may help improve CVD risk prediction in T2D.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics and Birth Weight: Informing Management of Type 1 Diabetes Throughout Pregnancy
Authors: Scott Eleanor M. , Murphy Helen R. , Kristensen Karl H. , Feig Denice S. , Kjölhede Karin , Englund-Ögge Linda , Berntorp Kerstin E. , Law Graham R.
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE

To determine gestational weekly changes in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics and 24-h glucose profiles and their relationship to infant birth weight in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

An analysis of >10.5 million CGM glucose measures from 386 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes from two international multicenter studies was performed. CGM glucose metrics and 24-h glucose profiles were calculated for each gestational week, and the relationship to normal (10–90th percentile) and large (>90th percentile) for gestational age (LGA) birth weight infants was determined.

RESULTS

Mean CGM glucose concentration fell and percentage of time spent in the pregnancy target range of 3.5–7.8 mmol/L (63–140 mg/dL) increased in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy and plateaued until 28 weeks of gestation, before further improvement in mean glucose and percentage of time in range until delivery. Maternal CGM glucose metrics diverged at 10 weeks of gestation, with significantly lower mean CGM glucose concentration (7.1 mmol/L; 95% CI 7.05–7.15 [127.8 mg/dL; 95% CI 126.9–128.7] vs. 7.5 mmol/L; 95% CI 7.45–7.55 [135 mg/dL; 95% CI 134.1–135.9]) and higher percentage of time in range (55%; 95% CI 54–56 vs. 50%; 95% CI 49–51) in women who had normal versus LGA. The 24-h glucose profiles were significantly higher across the day from 10 weeks of gestation in LGA.

CONCLUSIONS

Normal birth weight is associated with achieving significantly lower mean CGM glucose concentration across the 24-h day and higher CGM time in range from before the end of the first trimester, emphasizing the need for a shift in clinical management, with increased focus on using weekly CGM glucose targets for optimizing maternal glycemia from early pregnancy.
origens teológicas e literárias de Satã em “Paraíso Perdido”, de Milton
Authors: Malheiros Isaac
Published: June 2022

O diabo de “Paraíso Perdido”, de John Milton (1608-1674), é diferente da figura grotesca que geralmente está associada a Satanás. Ele é humanizado, inteligente, corajoso, um rebelde que passa por conflitos morais. Traços da narrativa e da teologia da rebelião diabólica miltoniana podem ser encontrados na Bíblia, na literatura apocalíptica judaica, na literatura patrística, em textos do cristianismo primitivo, e em textos cristãos medievais e protestantes. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica examina a trajetória literária e teológica que levou ao diabo de Milton, avaliando o quanto desses elementos Milton retém em seu poema, e o quanto ele é original. De acordo com esta pesquisa, Milton não negou a sua herança cultural, mas também não foi apenas um reflexo dela. Ele assumiu o controle da construção de seu personagem, e brindou o mundo com uma obra inesquecível que representa literariamente as transformações no pensamento ocidental da passagem da Idade Média até a Idade Contemporânea.
conceito de Cristianismo a partir da metáfora de acorde
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: June 2022

Todos os campos de saber valem-se conceitos, e estes têm sido bem estudados nas disciplinas as mais diversas. Neste artigo, pretendemos expor a possibilidade de nos aproximarmos da construção e compreensão dos conceitos (em quaisquer campos de saber) a partir de uma noção musical – a de acorde. O universo experimentado para esta possibilidade será o do conceito de Cristianismo. Pretendemos aplicar a forma do acorde-conceitual ao estudo de um conjunto de características mínimas que poderiam configurar um conceito adequado de Cristianismo. O objetivo é demonstrar, a partir deste exemplo, que este procedimento teórico também é viável para o estudo de outros objetos, nos vários campos de pesquisa.
Teologia sistemática e questões hermenêuticas da linguagem
Authors: Rodrigues Adriani Milli
Published: June 2022

Considerando a virada linguística do século XX, associada à crítica da epistemologia racionalista que tende a informar a teologia sistemática moderna em suas conexões lógico-dedutivas, encontramos em propostas de autores como Robert Jenson e Paul Ricoeur o potencial hermenêutico de abrir horizontes epistemológicos para conexões sistemáticas informadas pela riqueza dos recursos da linguagem. O presente artigo objetiva estabelecer um diálogo entre ambos para projetar possibilidades epistemológicas que estejam atentas ao discurso e a linguagem das Escrituras, para benefício do discurso da igreja sobre a novidade do evangelho do reino de Deus. Jenson discute a teologia como discurso da fé, enquanto alternativa à influente epistemologiagrega abstrata na história do pensamento ocidental. Por sua vez, Ricoeur desenvolve uma abordagem hermenêutico-filosófica que privilegia a profundidade e complexidade articuladora do pensamento metafórico no anúncio evangélico do reino de Deus. Como fruto do diálogo entre a proposta hermenêutica de Ricoeur e a visão de discurso teológico de Jenson, o artigo sugere que contribuições epistemológicas da hermenêutica bíblica de Ricoeur, no movimento da leitura das Escrituras para a formulação teológica, são relevantes também para a formulação hermenêutica do discurso da igreja acerca do evangelho na teologia sistemática contemporânea.
Renato Russo e o desencanto político-existencial dos anos 80
Authors: Paiva Ingrit Jeampietri , Calvani Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2022

O artigo pressupõe que muitas canções produzidas por bandas de rock brasileiro no início dos anos 80 nos ajudam a compreender o desencanto político e existencial de muitos jovens da época. O texto recupera informações sobre esse momento histórico da cultura brasileira, delimitado como marco temporal (anos 80 até meados dos anos 90), focalizando na produção poético-literária de Renato Russo, compositor, letrista e vocalista da banda Legião Urbana. O artigo sustenta que Renato Russo oferecia em suas letras um verdadeiro retrato de uma fatia da juventude de classe-média da época, principalmente jovens nascidos e/ou criados na Capital Federal (Brasília) que enfrentaram a situação contraditória de serem filhos de funcionários-públicos e estatais em pleno vigor da ditadura militar. O clima cultural de desencanto, burocratização, pressões e conflitos familiares foi muito bem percebido pelo letrista que, através das canções da banda expressava essas angústias e anseios de liberdade. O texto busca pistas para compreender que o grande sucesso de Renato Russo junto aos jovens da época, deve-se ao fato de ter conseguido oferecer em suas letras o desencanto político e existencial dessa geração.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI ASAM NAFTALEN ASETAT DAN JUMLAH MATA TUNAS TERHADAP INDUKSI PERAKARAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN STEK BATANG HIJAU Indigofera sp.
Authors: Ardian Ardian , Ningsih Darma , Yuliadi Erwin
Published: June 2022

Perbanyakan Indigofera sp. secara vegetatif perlu dilakukan karena perbanyakan secara generatif sulit dilakukan.  Benih Indigofera sp. memiliki kulit luar yang keras dan memiliki masa dormansi sehingga perkecambahan benihnya tidak seragam.  Stek merupakan cara yang dapat digunakan untuk memperbanyak Indigofera sp. secara massal.  Stek dikatakan berhasil apabila terjadi pertumbuhan akar dan tunas.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari jumlah mata tunas dan beberapa konsentrasi Asam Naftalen Asetat terhadap pertumbuhan dan perakaran stek Indigofera sp.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial (3x5).  Faktor pertama yaitu jumlah mata tunas (1, 2 dan 3 mata tunas) dan faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi Asam naftalen asetat (0, 500, 1000, 1500 dan 2000 ppm).  Percobaan terdiri dari 15 kombinasi perlakuan, diulang 3 kali, dan setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 4 stek.  Homogenitas ragam diuji dengan Uji Bartlett, jika asumsi terpenuhi maka dilanjutkan dengan analisis ragam dan perbedaan nilai tengah diuji dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf 5%.  Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, stek 3 mata tunas memberikan pertumbuhan tunas dan akar terbaik jika dibandingkan dengan stek 2 dan 1 mata tunas untuk peubah jumlah tunas, jumlah daun, bobot segar tunas, bobot kering tunas, panjang akar, bobot segar akar dan bobot kering akar pada 6 minggu setelah tanam.  Pemberian Asam Naftalen Asetat 2000 ppm menghasilkan bobot segar akar terbaik pada 6 minggu setelah tanam. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara jumlah mata tunas dan konsentrasi Asam Naftalen Asetat terhadap pertumbuhan stek Indigofera sp.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PANJANG DAN LEBAR DAUN NENAS TERHADAP KUALITAS SERAT DAUN NANAS BERDASARKAN LETAK DAUN DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN DAUN
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Mulyani Sri , Saputra Rian , Pulungan Lina Agustin BR
Published: June 2022

Proses panen nenas akan menghasilkan limbah berupa daun nenas sebesar 2 sampai 3 kg per tanaman. Karena daun nanas tidak dapat dimanfaatkan untuk makanan ternak, jadi biasanya petani hanya membakar serta ada yang membiarkan begitu saja. Salah satu solusinya adalah dengan cara mengolah limbah menjadi serat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Panjang dan lebar daun nenas dengan kualitas serat nenas berdasarkan letak daun dan lama perendaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 2 tahapan, yaitu: 1) Survey lapangan dan pengambilan daun tanaman nanas sebagai sampel; 2) Pembuatan  serat dan uji kualitas serat daun tanaman nanas. Penetapan sampel ditentukan secara purposive sampling yang dilakukan secara sengaja dengan memilih daun tanaman nenas berdasarkan umur panen dan letak daun. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah panjang daun (cm) dan lebar daun (cm); Kualitas Serat daun nenas terdiri dari Panjang serat, berat basah dan berat kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Panjang daun dan lebar daun terjadi kenaikan nilai panjang daun dan lebar daun pada setiap penurunan letak daun. Semua parameter kualitas serat terjadi kecenderungan penurunan pada setiap perlakuan letak daun dan lama perendaman yang lebih lama. Parameter Panjang daun dan lebar daun yang diamati berkorelasi positif dengan kualitas serat daun nanas berdasarkan letak daun dan lama perendaman daun.
PENGARUH EMPAT ISOLAT Trichoderma spp. TERHADAP PENYAKIT BULAI DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Putri Reza , Prasetyo Joko , Maryono Tri , Dirmawati Suskandini Ratih
Published: June 2022

Provinsi Lampung merupakan salah satu daerah sentra penghasil jagung di Indonesia. Produktivitas jagung masih belum optimal. Rendahnya produktivitas lahan jagung dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adanya penyakit bulai. Penyakit bulai dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 90%. Alternatif pengendalian yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan adalah dengan memanfaatkan Trichodema spp. sebagai penginduksi ketahanan tanaman terhadap penyakit bulai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh empat isolat Trichoderma spp. terhadap keterjadian dan keparahan penyakit bulai dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari (T0) tanpa isolat Trichoderma sp., (T1) Trichoderma sp. isolat Hajimena, (T2) Trichoderma sp. isolat Lampung Tengah, (T3) Trichoderma spp. Isolat Lampung Timur, dan (T4) Trichoderma sp. isolat Metro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jamur Trichoderma spp Trichoderma spp. isolat Hajimena dan Metro dapat menekan keterjadian penyakit dan Trichoderma spp. isolat Hajimena dan Lampung Tengah dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pada bobot basah akar.
Effects of Initial Water Temperature and Soaking Duration on the Germination of Canarium (Canarium indicum) Seeds
Authors: Nurdin Aqshan Shadikin , Hadun Ramli , Setiawan Bagus Dimas , Irmayanti Laswi , Ashari Reyna
Published: June 2022

Canarium (Canarium indicum) seeds have mechanical dormancy, i.e., seeds have a hard outer seed coat, which causes inhibition of germination. Mechanical dormancy can be broken by mechanical and chemical scarification. One way of chemical scarification is water soaking. This study aimed to analyze the initial effect of temperature of the soaking water and duration of soaking on the germination of canarium seeds. The research design used was a two-factor experiment in a completely randomized design. The first factor is the different initial water temperature and the second factor is soaking duration. The initial water temperature consists of 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, and 100°C, while the soaking duration consists of 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. The results showed that the initial water temperature had a very significant effect on germination percentage, peak value, mean daily germination, and germination value. The soaking duration did not significantly affect germination percentage, mean daily germination, and germination value, but it significantly affected the peak value. The interaction of initial water temperature and soaking duration significantly affected the germination percentage, mean daily germination, peak value, and germination value. The initial water temperature and soaking duration affected the germination of canarium seeds.
Keywords: Canarium indicum, dormancy, germination, initial temperature, soaking duration
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TENTANG PENCEGAHAN DAN PERAWATAN DENGAN PENGATURAN DIIT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Authors: HASANAH USWATUN
Published: June 2022

Hipertensi termasuk penyakit seumur hidup yang harus senantiasa dijaga tekanan darahnya, maka dibutuhkan penatalaksanaan yang tepat karena angka kejadian hipertensi yang tinggi hanya dapat dicegah dengan penanganan yang tepat. Salah satunya yaitu dengan pengaturan diit dan modifikasi gaya hidup. Metode dalam penyuluhan ini yaitu dengan penyuluhan kesehatan dan simulasi pengaturan diit. Mengkonsumsi gizi yang seimbang dengan diet rendah garam dan rendah lemak sangat dianjurkan bagi penderita hipertensi untuk dapat mengendalikan tekanan darahnya. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat ttg hipertensi terutama tentang pengaturan diit dan modifikasi gaya hidup. Hasil dari kegiatan ini yaitu terdapat 86,8% masyarakat pengetahuannya meningkat setelah dilakukan penyuluhan kesehatan sehingga diharapkan dapat menurunkan resiko terjadinya komplikasi hipertensi.