bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the return-on-investment for scaling screening and psychosocial treatment for women with common perinatal mental health problems in Malawi: Developing a cost-benefit-calculator tool
Authors: Bauer Annette , Knapp Martin , Weng Jessica , Ndaferankhande Dalitso , Stubbs Edmund , Gregoire Alain , Chorwe-Sungani Genesis , Stewart Robert C.
Published: August 2024

This study sought to develop a user-friendly decision-making tool to explore country-specific estimates for costs and economic consequences of different options for scaling screening and psychosocial interventions for women with common perinatal mental health problems in Malawi. We developed a simple simulation model using a structure and parameter estimates that were established iteratively with experts, based on published trials, international databases and resources, statistical data, best practice guidance and intervention manuals. The model projects annual costs and returns to investment from 2022 to 2026. The study perspective is societal, including health expenditure and productivity losses. Outcomes in the form of health-related quality of life are measured in Disability Adjusted Life Years, which were converted into monetary values. Economic consequences include those that occur in the year in which the intervention takes place. Results suggest that the net benefit is relatively small at the beginning but increases over time as learning effects lead to a higher number of women being identified and receiving (cost‑)effective treatment. For a scenario in which screening is first provided by health professionals (such as midwives) and a second screening and the intervention are provided by trained and supervised volunteers to equal proportions in group and individual sessions, as well as in clinic versus community setting, total costs in 2022 amount to US$ 0.66 million and health benefits to US$ 0.36 million. Costs increase to US$ 1.03 million and health benefits to US$ 0.93 million in 2026. Net benefits increase from US$ 35,000 in 2022 to US$ 0.52 million in 2026, and return-on-investment ratios from 1.05 to 1.45. Results from sensitivity analysis suggest that positive net benefit results are highly sensitive to an increase in staff salaries. This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing an economic decision-making tool that can be used by local policy makers and influencers to inform investments in maternal mental health.
Genomic and functional determinants of host spectrum in Group B Streptococcus
Authors: Crestani Chiara , Forde Taya L. , Bell John , Lycett Samantha J. , Oliveira Laura M. A. , Pinto Tatiana C. A. , Cobo-Ángel Claudia G. , Ceballos-Márquez Alejandro , Phuoc Nguyen N. , Sirimanapong Wanna , Chen Swaine L. , Jamrozy Dorota , Bentley Stephen D. , Fontaine Michael , Zadoks Ruth N.
Published: August 2024

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major human and animal pathogen that threatens public health and food security. Spill-over and spill-back between host species is possible due to adaptation and amplification of GBS in new niches but the evolutionary and functional mechanisms underpinning those phenomena are poorly known. Based on analysis of 1,254 curated genomes from all major GBS host species and six continents, we found that the global GBS population comprises host-generalist, host-adapted and host-restricted sublineages, which are found across host groups, preferentially within one host group, or exclusively within one host group, respectively, and show distinct levels of recombination. Strikingly, the association of GBS genomes with the three major host groups (humans, cattle, fish) is driven by a single accessory gene cluster per host, regardless of sublineage or the breadth of host spectrum. Moreover, those gene clusters are shared with other streptococcal species occupying the same niche and are functionally relevant for host tropism. Our findings demonstrate (1) the heterogeneity of genome plasticity within a bacterial species of public health importance, enabling the identification of high-risk clones; (2) the contribution of inter-species gene transmission to the evolution of GBS; and (3) the importance of considering the role of animal hosts, and the accessory gene pool associated with their microbiota, in the evolution of multi-host bacterial pathogens. Collectively, these phenomena may explain the adaptation and clonal expansion of GBS in animal reservoirs and the risk of spill-over and spill-back between animals and humans.
ENGOs and environmental communication: Examining communication strategies of one Brazilian and one US American ENGO
Authors: Sprada Mira Beatriz , Elias Troy , Lambert Cheryl Ann
Published: August 2024

This cross-national study draws from the GPDS framework to explore the outreach strategies of two environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) – one in Ohio, United States, and the other in Paraná, Brazil. The study examined and compared ENGOs’ targeted communication practices and their efforts to engage with racial/ethnic and socio-economic minorities within charged political climates. Semi-structured qualitative interview results with ENGO employees and board members show similarities in public outreach strategies, challenges operating in politically charged environments and intentions to address the needs of low socio-economic and minority members of local communities. Many of the communication strategies described as being used by participants correspond to the social marketing theory (SMT) framework. However, ENGO employees reported low levels of confidence in effectively engaging their audience, mostly due to lack of strategic communication training and resources.
Educação em Astronomia e as diversas dimensões de escala:
Authors: Da Silva Gonçalves Paula Cristina , Compiani Maurício
Published: August 2024

Este ensaio se propõe a discutir a complexidade das escalas dos fenômenos astronômicos e a necessidade de incluir as diferentes dimensões nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de Astronomia, de forma intencional, para que a compreensão da espacialidade seja construída ao longo da escolaridade básica. Discute-se as escalas micro e macro bem como as dimensões verticais e horizontais na Educação em Astronomia. Pensar sobre essa temática representa o desafio de refletir sobre o conhecimento astronômico de maneira que sejam problematizadas as abordagens envolvendo a espacialidade/temporalidade e a complexidade dos fenômenos nos diferentes temas e conteúdos. Apesar de existir uma aparente distância entre esses conteúdos e nosso cotidiano, como se fosse algo que diz respeito apenas ao espaço, longe de nosso ambiente imediato, existem grandes possibilidades de estreitamento e relação com os contextos dos educandos, de forma que essa temática faça mais sentido e compreenda-se que somos um todo com os fenômenos, de forma sistêmica, afetados e organizados a partir deles, bem como atuantes.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE APRENDIZAGEM E APRENDIZAGEM AUTORREGULADA DE PROFESSORES EM EXERCÍCIO
Authors: Sacilotto Isabele Candiotto , Boruchovitch Evely
Published: August 2024

A aprendizagem estratégica e autorregulada pode ser fomentada pelo ensino de estratégias para o aprender a aprender. Assim, o presente artigo, fruto de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, teve como objetivo mapear pesquisas sobre as concepções de estratégias de aprendizagem e aprendizagem autorregulada, além dos relatos de uso dessas estratégias por parte dos professores em exercício do Ensino Fundamental I, publicadas entre os anos de 2018 e 2023. Aplicados os critérios de seleção e exclusão, oito artigos foram selecionados. Os dados revelaram que os professores em exercício apresentaram concepções limitadas sobre autorregulação da aprendizagem e apontaram estratégias de aprendizagem que utilizaram com alguma frequência. A relevância do tema, aliada à escassez de pesquisas encontradas na presente busca atestam a necessidade de ampliar os estudos sobre a temática, tendo como foco os professores em exercício.
POLÍTICA PÚBLICA, GESTÃO E FINANCIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA COM FOCO NA INCLUSÃO DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Antônio Soares Júnior da , Santos Everton Rodrigo , Grabowski Gabriel
Published: August 2024

As políticas públicas direcionadas à inclusão escolar do público-alvo da educação especial brasileira têm se constituído, historicamente, em um cenário de embates, disputas, avanços e retrocessos. Diante disso, este estudo de caso integra um projeto de pesquisa sobre as políticas de inclusão da pessoa com deficiência na educação profissional e tecnológica brasileira. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com um grupo de gestores do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná (IFPR), no intuito de analisar as apreciações e percepções dos responsáveis pelo gerenciamento, aplicação e efetividade dessas políticas. As análises indicaram que está claro para eles que os debates e interesses políticos geram ambiguidades no entendimento das políticas para a educação especial, especialmente na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), e que os constantes debates prevalecem para a liberação de recursos no que toca ao que é prioridade para a educação nos Institutos Federais (IFs). Nas questões relacionadas à gestão, no comando das finanças, eles afirmaram que os recursos recebidos não aumentam na mesma proporção que a demanda, ocasionando um déficit na organização do orçamento, impossibilitando maiores investimentos para atender os estudantes com deficiência. Pedagogicamente, os resultados apontaram que para uma parcela deles, não está nítida a concepção de inclusão, mesclada por vezes, com integração articulada à leitura de currículo integrado; ainda, salientam que não medem esforços para que o cumprimento das políticas se efetive.
Total Daily Energy Expenditure is Overestimated by Dietary References Intake Equations Compared with Doubly Labeled Water in A Sample of Brazilian Adolescents
Authors: Silva Lara Bérgamo , Anjos Luiz Antonio dos , Rosenburg Meire Gallo , Cruz Alves Natália Maira da , Micheletto Rutinéia de Fátima , Ferriolli Eduardo , Pfrimer Karina
Published: August 2024

Ojective
This report aimed to compare the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) of adolescents measured by doubly labeled water (DLW) with the 2005 and 2023 dietary reference intake (DRI) equations proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional and observational study with a convenience sample of 15 obese and eutrophic adolescents, aged between 11 and 14 years, from public schools and the obesity outpatient clinic of the Clinics Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School – University of São Paulo (HC FMRP-USP) in Brazil. Were obtained stature and weight by conventional methods and used to calculate the body mass index (BMI) to determine the nutritional status. Fat-free mass (FFM) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Energy expenditure was determined by DLW and estimated by the 2005 and 2023 DRI equations. The level of physical activity was measured with the ActivPAL™ accelerometer to classify adolescents within the equations. Results: Forty-seven percent of the sample were eutrophic and 53% were obese. The adolescents were classified as somewhat active according to the average number of daily steps. The DLW-derived TDEE and the TDEE derived from the 2005 and the 2023 predictive equations are presented as means, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The 2005 and 2023 DRI equations produced significantly higher values than the DLW-determined TDEE (56.2% and 57.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Additional studies with Brazilian adolescents should be conducted to propose more accurate and specific predictive TDEE equations.
O ensino na pandemia representado em charges
Authors: Knoll Graziela Frainer , Pires Vera Lúcia
Published: August 2024

Os enunciados são um continuum no fluxo incessante da interação verbal; e a enunciação, como uma experiência social, dialógica e interativa, passa a ser o centro da interlocução. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, dialogicamente, charges verbo-visuais que representam o ensino no contexto da pandemia. Foram analisadas três charges veiculadas na Internet, entre os anos de 2020 e 2021, selecionadas por acesso e conveniência com o tema. Segundo a teoria enunciativo-discursiva e dialógica de Mikhail Bakhtin e seu Círculo, a palavra empregada é práxis de informação e comunicação, como também uma prática social de apreciação e valoração. O método de análise dialógica considera os enunciados a partir da situação de enunciação, neste caso, a pandemia e a instauração do ensino remoto. A análise mostra que a charge produz sentidos que indicam o ponto de vista crítico do enunciador, considerando alunos e professores, a quem a pandemia excluiu ou sobrecarregou, respectivamente, por meio das relações dialógicas e valorativas na linguagem verbo-visual.
Analyzing the Determinants of International Trade in APEC Member Economies
Authors: Asnafi Muhamad Faiz , Choiri Miftakhul
Published: August 2024

International trade is the engine of growth for a country to increase its economic size. This study explores the determinants of trade flows between Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member economies in the initial period of APEC formation in 1989 to 2020 using Newton's Universal Gravity theory approach. This study uses quantitative analysis method with the estimation technique used is Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML). This study uses ten independent variables: GDP of the home country and trading partner, geographical distance, population of the home country and trading partner, and several dummy variables including: common language, contiguous border, common colonial history, membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO), and regional trade agreement (RTA). The results show that trade flows between APEC economies are significantly influenced by GDP of home and trading partner countries, geographical distance, population of home and trading partner countries, and several dummy variables, including common language, contiguous borders, common colonial history, and membership in the WTO. Meanwhile, the Regional Trade Agreement (RTA) variable has no significant effect.
Measuring and analyzing the determinants of poverty in developing countries during the period 1990-2020 using PANEL models
Authors: Ghazi Kovan T. , Dhahir Abdulhameed S.
Published: August 2024

The study aims to measure and analyze the determinants of poverty in developing countries during the period 1990-2020, using appropriate standard models to analyze panel data. The model includes several macroeconomic variables, namely public spending, economic growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate, and population growth rate. The study assumes an inverse relationship, with statistical significance, between the poverty rate and each public spending and economic growth rate. In contrast, a direct relationship is assumed between poverty and inflation, unemployment, and population growth rates. The study adopts a deductive approach based on the descriptive analytical method, drawing on economic theories and previous studies on the theoretical side. On the applied side, a quantitative method is employed, focusing on economic measurement. The findings reveal an inverse and significant relationship between the poverty rate and public spending, while the relationship is insignificant in the case of the economic growth rate. Furthermore, a direct and significant relationship is observed between poverty, inflation, and unemployment rates. Lastly, an inverse and significant relationship is identified between poverty and population growth rates. In conclusion, the study provides a set of recommendations, the most important of which is to increase public spending to support the poor through the provision of social services such as education, health, and potable water. This is recognized as one of the most influential factors in poverty reduction, along with supporting small. projects and creating a favoraeble economic environment to attract labour and reduce unemployment rates, ultimately leading to a decrease in poverty rates.
The use of computer vision to determine reference points when evaluating the geometry of a face
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Shitoev I.D. , Muravev S.V. ,   Academician Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia, Ivanova M.D. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia, Kloyan G.Z. ,   LLC “Yord Tech”, Perm, Russia
Published: August 2024

The use of computer vision to determine the geometry of a face using reference points is a relatively new approach in medicine. The relevance of this study is due not only to the need to develop new methods and approaches in determining the geometry of the face, but also to the growing interest in the development and application of artificial intelligence in medicine. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to develop mathematical and neural network algorithms that determine the geometry of a face using reference points. Material and methods. To train the neural network, a small sample of 1,000 marked-up photos in the public domain was used, which depict a full-face portrait of a man up to his shoulders. Only adult (18+) representatives of the Caucasian race were considered. The photos were marked up using the LabelImg 1.8.6 graphical image analysis tool, in which the areas of finding (classes of definition) of reference points were manually marked in the graphical interface mode. YOLO 8 was chosen as the neural network architecture. Results. It was shown that the accuracy of the point search by a neural network trained on 1000 grouped photographs reaches 98.15 %, which indicates a good definition of the boundaries of objects and their classification. Conclusion. The conducted research demonstrated the successful development and application of neural network algorithms to determine alternative reference points characterizing the geometry of the face. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the technique proposed by the authors in cosmetology, and also indicate its potential for use in other fields of medicine, such as dentistry, neurology and surgery.
Scenario analysis of protest potential based on event identification of the dynamics of factors
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia, Barkalov S.A. , Chernov I.V. ,   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Feyzov V.R. ,   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2024

In this study, we present a scenario-based approach to investigate the protest potential in society using mathematical tools from graph theory and simulation modeling. The research objective. The research aims to construct a cognitive map that reflects key factors, such as population deprivation levels, overall well-being, social fears, trust in authority, social expectations, and stability of social structures. Materials and methods. The model of functional oriented graphs, which in turn is a development of the classical cognitive model, is used as a metamathematical apparatus in the study. In the software implementation, the method of linear regression data analysis was used to calculate e-scenarios for the behavior of vertices. Results. We report the results of a scenario analysis of the developed model, obtaining forecasted scenarios of the dynamics of society’s protest potential under various conditions and influences. At the core of this research is the examination of a complex system’s possible response to external destructive impacts, and we propose a set of measures to counteract these influences on societal dynamics. The scenario methodology combines graph theory for representing complex relationships between key factors and simulation modeling for predicting potential developmental scenarios. Conducting this study required modifying the traditional mathematical apparatus of cognitive modeling. We developed methods and algorithms for scenario-event identification of the model’s significant factors’ behavior and utilizing the results of such identification when forming complex functional relationships in the scenario model. In generating scenarios, the range of events is significantly expanded compared to traditional cognitive modeling approaches, which could have been overlooked but may be crucial for situational analysis. Conclusion. The scenario modeling technology presented in the work is implemented in the appropriate software and analytical complex, the purpose of which is to automate the processes of scenario research of socio-economic and political systems.
In Vivo Growth of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice Is Positively Regulated by VEGF and Associated with Significant Up-regulation of CD31/PECAM1
Authors: Molinský Jan , Klánová M. , Maswabi B. , Soukup T. , Trněný M. , Nečas E. , Živný J. , Klener P.
Published: August 2024

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive lymphoma subtype with dismal prognosis. New treatments are needed to improve outcome of relapsed/refractory disease. Recently, several drugs targeting at least partially the process of angiogenesis have been successfully tested in the therapy of MCL. Molecular mechanisms that regulate MCL-induced angiogenesis and that might represent potential new druggable targets remain, however, incompletely understood. We established two mouse models of human MCL by subcutaneous xenotransplantation of JEKO-1 and HBL-2 cell lines into immunodeficient mice. Histological analyses of xenografts confirmed their neovascularization. The growth of xenografts was significantly suppressed by single-agent therapy with bevacizumab, monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Subsequently, we analysed expression of 94 angiogenesis-related genes in ex vivo isolated JEKO-1 and HBL-2 cells compared to in vitro growing cells using TaqMan low-density arrays. The most up-regulated genes in both JEKO-1 and HBL-2 xenografts were genes encoding platelet/endothelial cell-adhesion molecule (CD31/PECAM1), VEGF receptor 1 (FLT1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), angiogenin (ANG) and transcription factor PROX1. The most downregulated genes in both JEKO-1 and HBL-2 xenografts were midkine (MDK) and ephrine B2 (EPHB2). In summary, our results demonstrate an important role of angiogenesis in the biology of MCL and provide preclinical evidence of potent anti-MCL activity of bevacizumab. In addition, gene expression profiling of 94 angiogenesis-related targets revealed several in vivo up-regulated and down-regulated transcripts. The most differentially expressed target in both MCL tumours was CD31/PECAM1. Whether any of these molecules might represent a potential druggable target in MCL patients remains to be elucidated.
Rapid Isolation of Lysosomal Membranes from Cultured Cells
Authors: Mušálková D. , Lukáš J. , Majer F. , Hřebíček O. , Svobodová E. , Kuchař L. , Honzíková J. , Hůlková H. , Ledvinová J. , Hřebíček Martin
Published: August 2024

We present a simple method for enrichment of lysosomal membranes from HEK293 and HeLa cell lines taking advantage of selective disruption of lysosomes by methionine methyl ester. Organelle concentrate from postnuclear supernatant was treated with 20 mmol/l methionine methyl ester for 45 min to lyse the lysosomes. Subsequently, lysosomal membranes were resolved on a step sucrose gradient. An enriched lysosomal membrane fraction was collected from the 20%/35% sucrose interface. The washed lysosomal membrane fraction was enriched 30 times relative to the homogenate and gave the yield of more than 8 %. These results are comparable to lysosomal membranes isolated by magnetic chromatography from cultured cells (Diettrich et al., 1998). The procedure effectively eliminated mitochondrial contamination and minimized contamination from other cell compartments. The enriched fractions retained the ability to acidify membrane vesicles through the activity of lysosomal vacuolar ATPase. The method avoids non-physiological overloading of cells with superparamagnetic particles and appears to be quite robust among the tested cell lines. We expect it may be of more general use, adaptable to other cell lines and tissues.
Terror in the City: Local Terrorism and Firm Exports
Authors: Bönte Werner , Procher Vivien D. , Malik Faisal S.
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we examine the relationship between terrorism and exports at the firm-level. We use a panel data of 301 firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange and records of terrorist attacks in Pakistani cities from 1999 to 2014. By calculating city-level terrorism indices, the study reveals significant variations in the frequency of terrorist incidents both between cities and within cities over different time periods. Our panel regressions show that firm exports are correlated with terrorist attacks in the cities where the firms are located, and these correlations are statistically significant even when terrorism is lagged up to six years. Interregional spillover effects of terrorism are less pronounced. While a negative correlation can be found between firm exports and our terrorism indices, the correlation with domestic sales tends to be statistically insignificant. The findings shed light on the persistent link between local terrorism and firms’ international and domestic operations.
Bayesian bivariate Conway–Maxwell–Poisson regression model for correlated count data in sports
Authors: Florez Mauro , Guindani Michele , Vannucci Marina
Published: August 2024

Count data play a crucial role in sports analytics, providing valuable insights into various aspects of the game. Models that accurately capture the characteristics of count data are essential for making reliable inferences. In this paper, we propose the use of the Conway–Maxwell–Poisson (CMP) model for analyzing count data in sports. The CMP model offers flexibility in modeling data with different levels of dispersion. Here we consider a bivariate CMP model that models the potential correlation between home and away scores by incorporating a random effect specification. We illustrate the advantages of the CMP model through simulations. We then analyze data from baseball and soccer games before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The performance of our proposed CMP model matches or outperforms standard Poisson and Negative Binomial models, providing a good fit and an accurate estimation of the observed effects in count data with any level of dispersion. The results highlight the robustness and flexibility of the CMP model in analyzing count data in sports, making it a suitable default choice for modeling a diverse range of count data types in sports, where the data dispersion may vary.
Selfhood Beyond Death
Authors: Schermbrucker Ben
Published: August 2024

There is a strong secular consensus that death terminates subjective consciousness. In this paper I show that this consensus can be meaningfully doubted for entirely secular reasons. After formulating the strongest possible argument which supports this consensus, I argue that it inconsistently excludes Constitutive Russellian Panpsychism (CRP) from consideration. CRP, I maintain, is fully consistent with the possibility of post-thanatological consciousness. To flesh out this account, I develop an account of the Panpsychist Self (PS) that can be axiomatically derived from CRP. I then show that the PS has the right metaphysical structure to ensure that the persistence of consciousness beyond brain death aligns with the persistence of our individual selves.
The crystal structure of ethyl (Z)-2-(ethoxymethylene)-3-oxobutanoate, C9H14O4
Authors: Hentsch Andreas , Merzweiler Kurt
Published: August 2024

C9H14O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.9332(5) Å, b = 6.8170(2) Å, c = 17.0530(9) Å, β = 102.816(4)°, V = 1,012.62(8) Å3, Z = 4, R[F
2 > 2σ(F
2)] = 0.0363, wR(F
2) = 0.1046, T = 170 K.
The kinetic relativity theory – hiding in plain sight
Authors: Loen Mark V.
Published: August 2024

A question in physics is whether Special Relativity (SR) is the only theory that explains relativistic behavior. SR measures time dilation by a relative velocity between two frames. Laboratory experiments with a single moving body fit this concept. However, GPS satellites and their ground clocks measure time dilation by a velocity relative to a common non-rotating Earth inertial frame. To better understand the conceptual difference, an experimental survey was undertaken. The survey analysis showed that laboratory experiments also fit into the non-rotating Earth frame concept. The laboratory experiments only need to add the Earth rotational velocity to both the laboratory frame and the moving frame. The analysis also revealed that the relative velocity calculation was astonishingly close to the common Earth frame calculation. The common Earth frame then becomes the explanation for all experimental types. And it signifies that a gravity field – moving body interaction causes relativistic effects. The experimental record also contained enough data to draft an empirical kinetic theory different than SR. The “no preferred reference frame” of SR is replaced by “there is a preferred reference frame.” And the preferred frame is the nearby Earth gravity field.
Polyimide strengthened cement mortar
Authors: Poyraz Bayram , Dayi Mustafa
Published: August 2024

This study examined the effects of silane-modified polyimide polymer (PIS) on cement mortar. The PIS was added to replace cement in a specified ratio. Obtained results revealed that the PIS caused retardation on setting time, and accelerated UPV mostly by encapsulating unhydrated cement particles, filling pores, or reacting with C–S–H and Ca(OH)2 with shifting to Si–O vibrations. SEM results showed a good compact interface without forming considerable agglomeration and voids on the microstructure, and this improved flexural and compressive strength properties. In conclusion, silane-modified polyimide as an admixture or cement replacement can be recommended for construction industries to enhance the properties of cement mortar.
„Az Anyaszentegyházban bévött szokás szerént”
Authors: Bartók István
Published: August 2024

A dolgozat középpontjában egy Kopcsányi Márton által szerkesztett perikopáskönyv (1616) egyik részlete áll. Kopcsányi rövid útmutatást közöl a prédikátorok számára. Sokban támaszkodik Telegdi Miklós korábbi (1577) hasonló megjegyzéseire. Az ilyen előírások igazolják, hogy a korábbi változatos szövegalkotási eljárások retorikai szempontok figyelembevételével fokozatosan közeledtek az egységesítés felé.
Kisműfajok találkozása Janus Pannoniusnál
Authors: Zsupán Edina
Published: August 2024

Janus Pannonius nagyfokú műfaji tudatossággal fordította le Plutarchos Királyok és hadvezérek bölcs mondásai című munkáját görögről latinra. A latin változat stiláris koherenciája éppen ennek a tudatosságnak s az ebből fakadó következetességnek köszönhető. Egyben autentikus módon és formában adta vissza a görög apophthegmát latinul. A tanulmány arra mutat rá, hogy az elkészült fordítás stíluspalettáját rokon kisműfajok poétikai jellemzői is színezik, közülük az antik mese hatásával foglalkozik. Janus részéről a meseelemek használata nem jelent stílustörést, sőt, éppen az eredetihez való hűségről árulkodik, hiszen a görög apophthtegma is ötvözi a rokon kisműfajok sajátosságait.
Frases siamesas: uma alternativa de abordagem
Authors: Pressanto Isabel Maria Paese , Agnol Samira Dall
Published: August 2024

A utilização de frases siamesas é um fenômeno estrutural com raízes profundas também no aspecto semântico da língua. O ponto de vista sintático tem se revelado insuficiente para a solução do problema, que requer investigações mais aprofundadas no sentido de sugerir formas de conscientização aos usuários da modalidade escrita padrão da língua. Neste artigo apresentamos um panorama do que se entende por frases siamesas, uma explicação possível para o fenômeno e algumas sugestões de tratamento do problema que ultrapassam o limite da estrutura sintática. O trabalho específico com estruturas que apresentem essa tipologia e o contato com textos de qualidade são duas das sugestões apresentadas na tarefa de lidar com frases siamesas, especialmente em sala de aula.
A hipermídia como uma ferramenta de ensino: uma revisão da literatura sobre o aprendizado implícito e explícito de vocabulário em língua estrangeira
Authors: Souza Patrícia Nora de
Published: August 2024

O trabalho discute as aplicações e implicações da tecnologia hipermídia, proporcionada pelo computador, na instrução de vocabulário, investigando maneiras eficientes de usá-la tanto para o aprendizado de vocabulário implícito, quanto o explícito. Para a discussão, consideram-se os resultados de estudos sobre a instrução de vocabulário mediada pela hipermídia. Por meio da revisão da literatura, sugere-se que mais pesquisas são necessárias para se descobrirem os efeitos da hipermídia no desenvolvimento do conhecimento lexical através dos aprendizados implícito e explícito e que estes sejam embasados em teorias que orientem a análise e compreensão do aprendizado através da hipermodalidade.
Contribuições da Teoria da Relevância para a prática de interpretação de textos: uma ilustração por meio de textos de humor
Authors: Goldnadel Marcos , Oliveira Rita de Cássia
Published: August 2024

A Teoria da Relevância constitui, atualmente, um dos importantes paradigmas em Pragmática. O propósito deste artigo é apresentar possíveis contribuições dessa teoria à prática de interpretação de textos em sala de aula a partir da análise de textos de humor. São apresentados alguns conceitos fundamentais da teoria, com base nos quais é realizada uma análise de textos humorísticos. Em seguida, realiza-se uma reflexão sobre a prática escolar da atividade de interpretação de textos à luz dos conceitos da Teoria da Relevância, propondo-se atividades de leitura voltadas à conscientização do caráter inferencial do processo de interpretação de enunciados.
Role-play e ensino interativo de língua materna
Authors: Gustavo Richter Marcos
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo assinala problemas no ensino tradicional de língua materna, aponta como origem destes a falta de fundamentação teórica em teorias de aquisição da linguagem, propõe a adoção do paradigma interacionista para a superação das deficiências metodológicas apontadas e discute uma técnica de ensino do português em conformidade com os princípios interacionistas, o role-play. Esta técnica é conceituada em contraste com um procedimento similar, são justificadas suas premissas, comentadas as vantagens de sua implementação e apresentados pormenorizadamente seus parâmetros. Ilustra-se o procedimento com um estudo de caso, a saber, uma oficina ministrada a professores da rede pública.
Metodologia sócio-interacionista em pesquisa com professores de línguas: revisitando Goffman
Authors: Sebastião Rodrigues Jr Adail
Published: August 2024

Desde os anos cinqüenta, as perquirições sociológicas têm presenciado o desenvolvimento da Análise Interacional e sua importância para a Antropologia, Psicologia Social, Psiquiatria, Análise do Discurso e para a própria Sociologia. Centrado nos aspectos teóricos e metodológicos desenvolvidos por Goffman, este ensaio apresenta a influência das teorias Goffmanianas sobre a Sociolingüística, uma vez que seus métodos são aplicados com base em vários tópicos que Goffman desenvolveu durante sua carreira acadêmica. Sobretudo, as ferramentas metodológicas da Sociolingüística, mais precisamente a sessão de grupo e a observação participante, são consideradas, neste ensaio, instrumentos confiáveis para a análise de fala espontânea em interações face-a-face com professores de línguas. Dado que a sessão de grupo e a observação participante são métodos úteis para investigar como a linguagem é usada na criação de significados dentro de contextos educacionais, este ensaio tenta sugerir algumas técnicas de pesquisa que investiguem como professores de línguas compreendem suas práticas docentes. Portanto, a primeira parte deste ensaio faz uma revisão sucinta dos principais trabalhos de Goffman, seguido de sua trajetória teórica, sua contribuição para a pesquisa em educação, algumas aplicações ao método da etnografia da escola e comentários finais.
Resenhas
Authors: Cristina Greco Ohuschi Márcia , Yumi Ando Marta
Published: August 2024

Esta seção contém resenhas de dois livros.
As Crenças e os sistemas de crenças do professor de Inglês sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem da língua estrangeira no sul do Brasil: sistemas, origens e mudanças
Authors: Kudiess Elisabeth
Published: August 2024

Este estudo descreveu e interpretou as crenças do professor de inglês sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem da língua estrangeira, particularmente, sobre o ensino da gramática. Buscou conhecer a origem das crenças e os fatores de formação, as influências na prática do professor, a organização em sistemas individuais de crenças e a cultura de ensino. Participaram desta investigação dez professores de inglês de escolas particulares de línguas do sul do Brasil. A pesquisa utilizada foi de natureza etnográfica, e as técnicas de coleta de dados foram as entrevistas e as observações de aula. Concluiu-se que as crenças são originadas a partir de experiências significativas vividas pelos professores, principalmente como alunos de LE e como professores em sala de aula, e que eles, compartilhando ou não estas crenças, pertencem a uma cultura de ensino comum, a cultura de ensino da língua inglesa.
A Compreensão leitora e a ação docente na produção do texto para o ensino a distância
Authors: Maria Ramos Wilsa
Published: August 2024

O ensaio aborda questões teóricas e práticas implicadas na elaboração de textos para o ensino a distância. Enfoca os temas sobre a compreensão leitora, a compreensibilidade do texto e a elaboração de materiais impressos. Discute as possibilidades de melhorar a compreensão leitora a partir de intervenções no texto usando alguns recursos. Prioriza a discussão de dois recursos textuais mais polêmicos: os objetivos de aprendizagem e a simplificação. Tem por objetivo alertar os docentes autores de material impresso sobre as possíveis formas de aplicação desses recursos e suas implicações pedagógicas para o processo de aprendizagem. Conclui que os autores devem se beneficiar das descobertas e resultados das pesquisas da psicologia da aprendizagem a partir de textos para aprimorar o árduo trabalho de redação.
Texto e leitura hipertextual: novos produtos, velhos processos
Authors: Elisa Ribeiro Ana
Published: August 2024

Ao repensar o texto e o hipertexto na perspectiva do letramento digital, este trabalho aponta uma continuidade entre as tecnologias impressa e digital, particularmente no âmbito da leitura e da escrita. Segundo nossa hipótese, validada em pesquisa de caráter qualitativo na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, o leitor habituado ao hipertexto impresso reconfigura suas práticas em direção ao hipertexto digital, não sendo necessário reaprender a lide com o novo suporte, senão apenas reorientar certos gestos de leitura. É de suma importância, para se obter este resultado, que o texto em meio digital sofra as modificações sugeridas e testadas pela Usabilidade.
Reflexões sobre ensino de línguas materna e estrangeira no Brasil: aproximações, distanciamentos e contradições
Authors: Campani Daiana
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões relacionadas ao ensino de língua materna (LM) e de língua estrangeira (LE) em nosso país, apontando aproximações, distanciamentos e contradições nessas áreas. A partir de uma revisão de trabalhos de autores que se dedicam à realidade do ensino de línguas, o artigo tece algumas considerações sobre o fato de que, apesar de consideráveis avanços nas pesquisas nas duas áreas, esses progressos não conseguem chegar, de fato, à sala de aula nas escolas formais, e as aulas ainda são pautadas mais em prescrição do que em interação. Diante dessa realidade, o texto procura refletir sobre possíveis caminhos que possam ser seguidos pelo professor, considerando a realidade apontada.
The Relationship Between Family Firm Heterogeneity and Tax Avoidance
Authors: Rahmadhani Ary Zalaza Ceradhina , Tjaraka Heru
Published: August 2024

Research purposes: This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the relationship of the role of the founder in family firm heterogeneity and tax avoidance, with the executive character as a moderating variable.Methods: The population in this study is obtained from listed family companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 – 2019. The hypotheses in this study were tested with OLS (ordinary least square). This study used purposive sampling as the sampling method, in which it produced 134 companies as the research sample.Findings: The findings of this study show that the substantial ownership of founders has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance. Furthermore, founders of family firms who occupy positions as a board of commissioners significantly negatively affect tax avoidance. This study also indicates that the executive characters can moderate the influence of the founder’s role in family firm heterogeneity on tax avoidanceNovelty: This research was using the family firm as a sample of research from Indonesia Stock Exchange so it can enrich the literature about family firm in Indonesia. This research also used the role of the founder of the family firms as an independent variable.
The Influence of Company Activities, Growth, and Independent Commissioners on Sustainability Reports With the Type of Industry as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Baroroh Niswah , Anisykurlillah Indah , Yanto Heri , Kusumaningrum Fajri
Published: August 2024

Objective: This research aims to analyze the influence of inventory turnover, asset growth, and independent commissioners’ meeting frequency on the sustainability report with industry type (nonfinancial industry) as the moderating variable.Methods: The research population is 44 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and published their sustainability reports from 2018 to 2020. The sample is taken using a purposive sampling technique with 38 companies and 114 units of analysis. Hypothesis testing is done by using regression analysis by conducting the moderated regression analysis (MRA).Findings: The results show that the inventory turnover positively influence the disclosure of the sustainability report. Asset Growth negatively affects the disclosure of the sustainability report. Meanwhile, the independent commissioner’s meeting frequency does not affect the disclosure of the sustainability report. Next, the type of industry strengthens the relationship between the independent commissioners’ meeting frequency on the disclosure of the sustainability report. The type of industry weakens the relationship between the inventory turnover on the disclosure of the sustainability report. The type of industry cannot moderate the relationship between the influence of asset growth and the disclosure of the sustainability report.Originality: This research originality is the use of industry type as a moderating variable to strengthen the influence of inventory turnover, asset growth, and independent commissioners’ meeting frequency on the disclosure of the sustainability report
Elucidating metformin action on the ovary and fertility in healthy mice
Authors: Velazquez Candela , Bordaquievich Mayra , Herrero Yamila , Cohen Débora Juana , Bianchi María Silvia , Cuasnicu Patricia , Prost Katherine , Pascuali Natalia , Parborell Fernanda , Abramovich Dalhia
Published: August 2024

In brief

The hypoglycemic drug metformin has shown reproductive effects in women, although its mechanism of action is not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate the direct effects of metformin on the ovary of healthy mice, with no alterations in fertility.

Metformin is a hypoglycemic drug widely used in type-2 diabetes (T2D) patients. In recent years, this drug has been suggested as a treatment for gestational diabetes and recommended to women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (PCOS) to increase the chances of pregnancy or avoid early miscarriages. However, the exact effects of metformin on the female reproductive tract in general, and on the ovary in particular, are still not completely understood. In this study, we analyzed the effect of metformin on fertility and ovarian physiology in healthy female mice. We found that this drug altered the estrous cycle, early follicular development, serum estradiol and progesterone levels, and ovarian steroidogenic enzyme expression. Moreover, ovarian angiogenesis was lower in metformin-treated animals compared with untreated ones, whereas natural or gonadotropin-induced fertilization rates remained unchanged. However, offspring of metformin-treated animals displayed decreased body weight at birth. In this work, we unraveled the main effects of metformin on the ovary, isolated from other conditions such as hyperglycemia and hyperandrogenism, which is essential for a better understanding of metformin’s mechanisms of action on reproduction and fertility.
Improving Unplugged Computational Thinking Skills Through Integrated Problem-Based and Differentiated Learning in Indonesia
Authors: Oktaviani Dewi , Satanti Susilo
Published: August 2024

Industry 4.0 era is characterized by the development of technology and the existence of flexible and effective data exchange. This has an impact on the emergence of new jobs that require the ability to solve problems effectively and efficiently, especially computational thinking. This Classroom Action Research aims to improve students’ computational thinking (abstraction, data collection, data analysis and algorithms) in solving problems about probability through problem-based learning integrated with differentiation learning. This research was conducted in four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Thirty-four students of class X-E7 SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta in Indonesia were the subjects of this research. It was concluded that the application of problem-based learning model integrated with differentiated learning (content and process) significantly improves students’ computational thinking skills and promotes cognitive development through problem-solving activities. The improvement of computational thinking ability is caused by: data collection activities in the form of dice/coin simulations, abstraction activities of sample points and important information in the problem, activities to formulate solution steps (algorithms) and data analysis activities in the form of interpretation of results and calculations. Differentiated learning (content and process) plays a role in improving students’ computational thinking through ability-based scaffolding and content based on their interests and learning modalities.