bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problémamegoldó ápolási-gondozási modell Parkinson-kórban
Authors: Csóka Mária , Molnár Sándorné , Kellős Éva , Domján Gyula
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease affects more than 6,3 million people worldwide. Most patients and relatives are left alone to struggle with the symptoms associated with fluctuations in drug levels and the psychotic side effects of the anti-Parkinson’s medications. Moreover, quite often even health providers may find difficult to interpret and manage the problems that have been encountered. Aim: The aims of the authors were to analyze systematically the biopsychosocial needs of Parkinson’s patients, and to develop a complex, evidence-based Parkinson’s-nursing-care model. Method: Patients’ needs were assessed based on an observational study involving an old patient with Parkinson’s disease for more than 28 years. The model has been specified as a multidisciplinary care framework adapted to the special characteristics of Parkinson’s disease which transcends the limitations of different standard nursing models. Results: The elaborated model contains a detailed description of cooperative problem solving, which is organized around individual patients along with recommendations for addressing various potential problems that might be encountered. Conclusions: Implementation of the presented model can improve the life quality of Parkinson’s patients and can facilitate the life of affected families provided that these families are well aware about the potential benefits of the novel care delivery system. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(22), 855–868.
Adult Wilms' Tumour: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Modi Sunny , Woi Tiang Kor , Inglis Po , Collins Stuart
Published: May 2016

Wilms' tumour (nephroblastoma) is the most common renal tumour in children. Wilms' tumour in adults is extremely rare and has a poorer prognosis than paediatric Wilms' tumour. It is difficult to differentiate adult Wilms' tumour from renal cell carcinoma based on radiological findings alone. The diagnosis in adults is often serendipitous following nephrectomy for presumed renal cell carcinoma. Because of the paucity of literature, there are no standard protocols for the management of adult Wilms' tumour, and therefore, it is managed as per paediatric Wilms' tumour. Herein, we report the case of adult Wilms' tumour in a 43-year-old man, which was diagnosed unexpectedly following nephrectomy for presumed renal cell carcinoma.
Pareto, Mosca e a metodologia de uma nova ciência política
Authors: Bianchi Alvaro
Published: May 2016

Resumo O artigo investiga os debates metodológicos existentes no processo de institucionalização a ciência política italiana, no final do século XIX e início do XX. Gaetano Mosca e Vilfredo Pareto almejavam um conhecimento científico da política que fosse construído de acordo com parâmetros inspirados nas ciências naturais. Mosca advogou fortemente em favor de um método histórico que permitiria encontrar nas instituições as forças psicológicas que garantiriam a regularidade dos fenômenos políticos. Pareto propugnou um método lógico-experimental no qual proposições abstratas (princípios) condensariam as características comuns de muitos fatos apreendidos pela experiência. Ambos, entretanto, não distinguiam de modo preciso observação, experimento e experiência. As metodologias que advogaram, por essa razão, não foram muito além das técnicas de estudo da política predominantes na época.
Dependência da trajetória e mudança institucional nos processos de desenvolvimento
Authors: Cerqueira Kleber Chagas
Published: May 2016

Resumo O debate sobre determinantes estruturais dos processos de desenvolvimento das sociedades contemporâneas é amplo e multifacetado. Duas vertentes especialmente profícuas dessa literatura são as abordagens que enfatizam os legados institucionais e os elementos de dependência da trajetória, de um lado, e as teorias que se apoiam na dinâmica política e social dessas sociedades para tentar explicar aqueles fatores estruturais. Duas recentes obras representativas dessas vertentes, (Kurtz, 2013) e (Huber e Stephens, 2012), são aqui analisadas, buscando-se apontar pontos de convergência entre elas e também as possibilidades de seu uso para interpretar a experiência brasileira de desenvolvimento. O artigo conclui que a abordagem sociocêntrica de construção estatal, de Kurtz, e a teoria das constelações de poder, de Huber e Stephens, são ferramentas promissoras para contribuir com o avanço da agenda de pesquisa sobre desenvolvimento no Brasil.
Immediate Desensitization in Teeth Affected by Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Moreira Rudá França , Figueiredo Rossana Gomes , Oliveira Henrique Eduardo , Fonseca Ana Christina Lamosa da , Miranda Mauro Sayão de
Published: May 2016

Abstract The aim of this paper was to describe a clinical case of immediate dental desensitization using a self-etch adhesive system in an adolescent patient diagnosed with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). AI was associated with severe tooth sensitivity, treated by the application of a universal adhesive system for desensitization of the teeth affected by AI. Reduction of tooth sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale during all reevaluations. The technique was effective for reducing tooth sensitivity. It was concluded that the adhesive system for tooth desensitization had an immediate effect and maintained its effectiveness during a 12-month follow-up period.
Association between Chronic Periodontitis and Oral/Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Moraes Renata Costa de , Dias Fernando Luiz , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo da Silva , Fischer Ricardo Guimarães
Published: May 2016

Abstract The aim of this case control study was to assess the association between the extent and severity of chronic periodontitis and oral cavity and/or oropharyngeal cancer. The case group comprised 35 patients (mean age 56.1±8.4), diagnosed for oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer. The control group comprised 40 individuals (mean age 55.4±9.4) without diagnostic of cancer. All individuals were subjected to a periodontal examination, including bleeding on probing, plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and decayed, extracted and filled teeth index (DMFT). The case group had significantly more sites with plaque. GI and BOP had similar values in both groups. The median PPD and CAL values were significantly higher for the case group. Chronic generalized periodontitis was predominant in 80% of patients with oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer. Eighty nine percent of the patients in the case group presented severe chronic periodontitis. There was no significant difference between groups for median values of DMFT. The extent and severity of chronic periodontitis remained as risk indicators for oral cavity and/or oropharyngeal cancer even after the adjustments for traditional confound factors, i.e. smoking and alcohol consumption.
Mistreatment in an academic setting and medical students' perceptions about their course in São Paulo, Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peres Maria Fernanda Tourinho , Babler Fernanda , Arakaki Juliana Naomy Lacerda , Quaresma Irene Yamamoto do Vale , Barreto Abraão Deyvid Alves de Lima , Silva Andréa Tenório Correia da , Eluf-Neto José
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: High prevalence of mistreatment among medical students has been described in the worldwide literature since the 1980s. However, studies addressing the severity and recurrence of victimization and its effects on students' perceptions of their medical course are scarce. This study had the aim of estimating the prevalence of exposure to mistreatment that was considered to be severe and recurrent and its association with medical students' perceptions about their medical course. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a medical school in São Paulo, Brazil. Three hundred and seventeen students from the first to the sixth year answered the online questionnaire. RESULTS: High prevalence of mistreatment during the course was found. Two thirds of the students considered the episodes to be severe, and around one third reported experiencing recurrent victimization. Occurences of mistreatment that the students considered to be severe were correlated with feeling overloaded and wanting to abandon the medical course. CONCLUSIONS: Occurrences of mistreatment within the academic environment are frequent in Brazil. The results suggest that mistreatment that was considered to be severe might negatively affect students' perceptions about their course.
Impact of health research on advances in knowledge, research capacity-building and evidence-informed policies: a case study on maternal mortality and morbidity in Brazil
Authors: Angulo-Tuesta Antonia , Santos Leonor Maria Pacheco , Natalizi Daniel Alves
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: National health research systems aim to generate high-quality knowledge so as to maintain and promote the population's health. This study aimed to analyze the impact of maternal mortality/morbidity research funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and institutional partners, on the dimensions: advancing in knowledge, research capacity-building and informing decision-making, within the framework of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study based on secondary data, conducted at a public university. METHODS: The advancing in knowledge dimension was estimated from the principal investigators' publication counts and h-index. Data on research capacity-building were obtained from the Ministry of Health's information system. The informing decision-making dimension was analyzed from citations in Stork Network (Rede Cegonha) documents. RESULTS: Between 2002 and 2010, R$ 21.6 million were invested in 128 maternal mortality/morbidity projects. Over this period, the principal investigators published 174 articles, resulting in an h-index of 35, thus showing progress in the advancing in knowledge dimension. Within the research capacity-building dimension, training of 71 students (undergraduate/postgraduate) was observed. Progress in the informing decision-making dimension was modest: 73.5% of the 117 citations in the Stork Network documents were institutional documents and norms. One of the projects funded, the 2006/7 National Demography and Health Survey, was cited in program documents. CONCLUSION: Impacts were shown in the advancing in knowledge and research capacity-building dimensions. The health research system needs to incorporate research for evidence-informed policies.
Compostos fenólicos da casca de Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Mart.) Mattos e efeitos do extrato aquoso no perfil lipídico, glicêmico e na lipoperoxidação em ratos diabéticos
Authors: GROCHANKE B.S. , GEHRKE I.T.S. , GOETTEMS-FIORIN P.B. , BRUXEL M.A. , BASSO E.G.P. , HECK T.G. , LUDWIG M.S.
Published: May 2016

RESUMO A preocupação com o tratamento do Diabetes mellitus (DM) leva a uma crescente busca por terapias alternativas, como o uso de plantas medicinais, entre as quais, destaca-se o uso de Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Mart.) Mattos (popular Ipê roxo). Neste estudo realizamos a investigação química da presença de compostos fenólicos em H. heptaphyllus e o efeito do tratamento com o extrato aquoso da casca desta planta em parâmetros bioquímicos e nos níveis de lipoperoxidação tecidual e plasmática em animais diabéticos. Metodologia: Ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos ao desenvolvimento do quadro de DM por meio da administração intraperitoneal (IP) de Aloxano monohidrato (150 mg/Kg IP). Após a confirmação de hiperglicemia (>200 mg dL-1), os animais foram distribuídos nos grupos Diabético (D; n=6) e Diabético Tratado (DT; n=6). O tratamento consistiu na administração diária do extrato aquoso da casca de H. heptaphyllus via oral (v.o.) (150mg/Kg v.o.) por quatro semanas. O extrato aquoso foi analisado qualitativamente por cromatografia de camada delgada. Resultados: A análise qualitativa do extrato aquoso da casca indicou a presença de compostos fenólicos da subclasse flavonoides. O tratamento com o extrato aquoso reduziu a glicemia de jejum a partir da 3ª semana de tratamento, melhorou a resposta glicêmica à sobrecarga de glicose, diminuiu os níveis de triglicerídeos e índice LDL (Triglicerídeos/HDL). Estes resultados sugerem o uso terapêutico do extrato aquoso das cascas de H. heptaphyllus no tratamento do DM.
Effect of hydrocooling, packaging, and cold storage on the post-harvest quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)
Authors: BARBOSA C.K.R. , FONSECA M.C.M. , SILVA T.P. , FINGER F.L. , CASALI V.W.D. , CECON P.R.
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of hydrocooling and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) perforated and non-perforated packaging on post-harvest quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves stored at 5 and 25ºC. The experiments were conducted using a subdivided parcel layout in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Each parcel used a 2x3 layout (two hydrocooling treatments and three packaging treatments) with subparcels for storage time. The shelf life, chlorophyll content, mass loss (ML), relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugars (TSS), reducing sugars (Red), non-reducing sugars (NRed) and starch of the leaves were determined. Cold storage increased the shelf life of the peppermint by up to 64 times (>15 days). Hydrocooling increased the RWC of the leaves. Plastic packaging was effective in maintaining the RWC. Unperforated packages more effectively prevented ML in the peppermint leaves and prevented the leaves from wilting for a longer period of time. The chlorophyll content of the leaves varied according to the treatment. The soluble sugars and starch levels varied according to RWC. Hydrocooling with the use of non-perforated plastic packages was the most effective method for maintaining the postharvest quality of the peppermint.
Livestock manure as an alternative attractant for fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in guava tree
Authors: Filgueiras Rosenya Michely Cintra , Azevedo Francisco Roberto de , Azevedo Raul , Farias Ricardo Braga de , Coutinho Cristiane Ramos
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Fruit flies are typically managed using hydrolyzed protein, which is difficult for family farmers to obtain. This study aimed at assessing the efficiency of livestock manure for monitoring and/or controlling this pest in guava tree orchards. The first experiment tested the efficiency of guava juice and manure from cattle, sheep, pig, horse and chicken as attractants for fruit flies. Once the best bait had been established, a second experiment was conducted using guava juice and chicken manure extract at concentrations of 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 % and 100 %. A third assay analyzed guava juice and chicken manure extract (10 %) at three attractant aging periods (3, 7 and 14 days after trap installation). The cost-effectiveness ratio between guava juice and extract was also analyzed. It was concluded that fruit flies prefer the chicken manure extract (10 %), with greater capture observed three days after trap installation, which can replace the guava juice in the agroecological management of fruit flies in guava trees in family farms, since it is low cost and efficient.
Effect of nitrogen and lime on Massai grass subjected to intensive cutting
Authors: Cardoso Sandro , Volpe Edimilson , Macedo Manuel Claudio Motta
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Soil acidity and lack of nitrogen fertilization limit the yield of forage grasses. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of lime (0 kg ha-1; 2,000 kg ha-1; 4,000 kg ha-1; and 8,000 kg ha-1) and nitrogen (0 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1 and 160 kg ha-1) doses on forage accumulation, soil chemical properties and macronutrient concentrations in leaf blades of Massai grass (Panicum maximum cv. Massai). A randomized blocks design in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, with four replications, was used. Lime and nitrogen doses positively affected the accumulation of green dry mass in the Massai grass as well as the base saturation in the soil. The maximum yield was obtained at nitrogen doses close to 587 kg ha-1 year-1 for nitrogen and 5,796 kg ha-1 for lime, which produced the greatest accumulation of green dry mass (15,267 kg ha-1 year-1) in the first year of assessment. The demand for lime increased from the first to the second year. Lime increased the base saturation, whereas nitrogen reduced it. The nitrogen applied to the soil raised the nitrogen, magnesium and calcium contents (g kg-1) in the leaf blades of Massai grass. Thus, Massai grass reacted positively to nitrogen and lime doses, with significant effects on the accumulation of green dry mass and soil characteristics assessed.
Evaluation of common bean morphological traits identifies grain thickness directly correlated with cooking time
Authors: Santos Guilherme Godoy dos , Ribeiro Nerinéia Dalfollo , Maziero Sandra Maria
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The development of new common bean cultivars with grain characteristics that achieve greater acceptance by consumers and faster cooking time is a recent trend in bean breeding programs. This study aimed at evaluating whether different common bean lines exhibit differences in grain morphological traits and cooking time, investigating the linear relationships between these traits and cooking time, and selecting lines with superior grain commercial characteristics and faster cooking times. A randomized blocks design with three replications was used. Treatments consisted of 14 common bean genotypes grown during two seasons. Differences in the mass of 100 grains and grain length, width, thickness, shape, flatness, percentage of water uptake and cooking time were observed between lines. A high positive correlation was observed between grain thickness and cooking time (r = 0.9727). The path analysis revealed that grain thickness had the highest positive direct effect on cooking time (0.62). Therefore, fast-cooking common bean lines can be indirectly selected based on lower grain thicknesses. The DF 06-17 line presents fast-cooking grains with characteristics well accepted by the market and consumers.
Del consultorio a la cama. Discurso, cultura visual, erótica y sexología en la Argentina
Authors: Simonetto Patricio
Published: May 2016

Resumen: La conformación de la sexología como un sub campo de saber en la Argentina se debió a la condensación de tradiciones previas entre los galenos. La circulación de saberes trasnacionales, manuales de clasificación y estudios extranjeros, resultó decisiva en sus prácticas de intervención y sus reflexiones. Este artículo propone un análisis de la obra de Rinaldi Pelleginni, "Sexuología", entendiendo que la misma fue sustancial para la comunidad científica. El texto asume, de este modo, el análisis de los nodos discursivos y de sus imágenes, desde la perspectiva de los estudios visuales, para aproximarse, de este modo, a la manera en que este campo imaginó a determinado actores y definió aquello considerado "normal": lo bello, lo erótico y lo moral.
Más allá de las representaciones dicotómicas de género y sexualidad: figuraciones al borde de la religión en el Norte de Brasil
Authors: Medrado Benedito
Published: May 2016

Resumen: Basado en una lectura psicosocial sobre figuraciones de género y sexualidad, en el escenario de una fiesta profana que integra una procesión religiosa en el Norte de Brasil, este texto presenta inscripciones y lecturas como estrategia para pensar los límites y las posibilidades que producimos o ampliamos cuando pensamos sobre hombres y masculinidades, desde una perspectiva no-dicotómica, que apuesta menos a las reproducciones de miradas que observan lo obvio y más al intersticio de la imaginación.
Male violence or patriarchal violence? Global Trends in Men and Violence
Authors: Barker Gary
Published: May 2016

Abstract Policies and research have focused recently on men's use of violence against women, and the terms "gender-based violence" or "domestic violence" have often been used rather than "patriarchal violence." This article argues that instead of talking about "male violence," or gender-based violence, a more useful analytical framework is "patriarchal violence." Applying this lens examines how violence is based in complex power relations - with low-income men and men in specific groups, such as indigenous men or men of socially excluded ethnic groups, experiencing it more at the hands of more powerful men. The article argues for moving beyond a simplistic repressive model of violence prevention that often ignores structural inequalities, to one that understands intersectionalities and multiple power dimensions while also taking into account power dimensions of men's violence against women.
Desempenho Silvicultural de Tectona grandis L. f. em Diferentes Espaçamentos em Cáceres, MT
Authors: Silva Raiane Scandiane da , Vendruscolo Diogo Guido Streck , Rocha José Renato Maurício da , Chaves Arthur Guilherme Schirmbeck , Souza Hudson Santos , Motta Alessandro Soares da
Published: May 2016

RESUMO A teca atende aos principais critérios de seleção das espécies florestais para a produção de madeira de rápido crescimento. A escolha do espaçamento adequado fornece maior volume por área e fustes com qualidade desejável. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do espaçamento sobre diversas variáveis dendrométricas em povoamentos de teca em Cáceres, MT. Foram feitas avaliações nas idades de 11 e 16 anos referentes a: diâmetro a 1,3 m de altura; altura total; área basal; volume total por árvore; volume por hectare; incremento médio anual; e sobrevivência. Observou-se que quanto menor a densidade de árvores, maiores são os valores de DAP e volume individual e que quanto maior a densidade, maiores foram os valores de área basal e volume total por hectare. A ausência de desbastes afetou negativamente as medias dendrométricas e a produção dos povoamentos nos diferentes espaçamentos.
A formação do pedagogo e a educação nas prisões: reflexões acerca de uma experiência
Authors: Penna Marieta Gouvêa de Oliveira , Carvalho Alexandre Filordi de , Novaes Luiz Carlos
Published: May 2016

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo foi problematizar a formação do educador para atuar no novo contexto das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, tendo como referência as diretrizes que orientam e organizam o curso de Pedagogia e a oferta da educação de jovens e adultos (EJA) nas escolas regulares e nos estabelecimentos penais. Para tanto, a partir de pesquisas sobre a temática, realizou-se um debate teórico-crítico em torno dos limites e das possibilidades implicados no exercício da docência em estabelecimentos penitenciários, bem como das condições de contratação de professores, no estado de São Paulo, para este tipo de atuação docente. A formação do pedagogo, numa perspectiva crítica, foi abordada desde a experiência inovadora realizada na Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
Debates: sobre el rol de la escuela y de los educadores de adultos en las cárceles
Authors: Scarfó Francisco José , Cuellar Maria Eugenia , Mendoza Deborah Sabrina
Published: May 2016

RESUMEN: Cuando se realiza una caracterización mínima del ejercicio del rol docente en la educación pública en las cárceles, importa basarse en el rol profesional pedagógico emergente y en particular sobre la adaptabilidad y/o contextualidad de la educación en tanto derecho humano que constituye la clave para pensar a la formación y la selección de los/as educadores en una articulación de una serie de componentes fundamentales, destacando dos de éstos: las condiciones de su apropiación desde la perspectiva de quien aprende (en nuestro caso jóvenes o adultos privados de su libertad) y las características de las situaciones específicas en que tendrá lugar la enseñanza, en función de los contextos concretos de actuación (o sea en la cárcel).
Exposure to psychosocial risk factors in the context of work: a systematic review
Authors: Fernandes Cláudia , Pereira Anabela
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the scientific literature about the effects of exposure to psychosocial risk factors in work contexts. METHODS A systematic review was performed using the terms “psychosocial factors” AND “COPSOQ” in the databases PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. The period analyzed was from January 1, 2004 to June 30, 2012. We have included articles that used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) as a measuring instrument of the psychosocial factors and the presentation of quantitative or qualitative results. German articles, psychometric studies or studies that did not analyze individual or work factors were excluded. RESULTS We included 22 articles in the analysis. Individual factors, such as gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were analyzed along with work-related factors such as labor demands, work organization and content, social relationships and leadership, work-individual interface, workplace values, justice and respect, personality, health and well-being, and offensive behaviors. We analyzed the sample type and the applied experimental designs. Some population groups, such as young people and migrants, are more vulnerable. The deteriorated working psychosocial environment is associated with physical health indicators and weak mental health. This environment is also a risk factor for the development of moderate to severe clinical conditions, predicting absenteeism or intention of leaving the job. CONCLUSIONS The literature shows the contribution of exposure to psychosocial risk factors in work environments and their impact on mental health and well-being of workers. It allows the design of practical interventions in the work context to be based on scientific evidences. Investigations in specific populations, such as industry, and studies with more robust designs are lacking.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a spontaneous singleton pregnancy
Authors: Cabar Fábio Roberto
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is the combination of increased ovarian volume, due to the presence of multiple cysts and vascular hyperpermeability, with subsequent hypovolemia and hemoconcentration. We report a case of spontaneous syndrome in a singleton pregnancy. This was a spontaneous pregnancy with 12 weeks of gestational age. The pregnancy was uneventful until 11 weeks of gestational age. After that, the pregnant woman complained of progressive abdominal distention associated with abdominal discomfort. She did not report other symptoms. In the first trimester, a routine ultrasonography showed enlarged ovaries, multiples cysts and ascites. Upon admission, the patient was hemodynamically stable, her serum β-hCG was 24,487mIU/mL, thyroid-stimulating hormone was 2.2µUI/mL and free T4 was 1.8ng/dL. All results were within normal parameters. However, levels of estradiol were high (10,562pg/mL). During hospitalization, she received albumin, furosemide and prophylactic dose of enoxaparin. The patient was discharged on the sixth hospital day.
Weed Mortality Caused by Row-Crop Cultivation in Organic Corn–Soybean–Spelt Cropping Systems
Authors: Mohler Charles L. , Marschner Caroline A. , Caldwell Brian A. , DiTommaso Antonio
Published: May 2016

To assess the effectiveness of interrow cultivation, counts were taken before and after cultivation of corn and soybean during the first two crop rotations in a corn–soybean–spelt organic grain cropping systems experiment. Overall control per cultivation event in soybean was 73%, about equal to the 67% of the interrow area actually covered by cultivator tools. Weed control per cultivation event in corn was higher, and exceeded 91% at later cultivations. The greater weed control in corn relative to soybean, particularly at later cultivations, was probably due to more soil being thrown into the corn row, burying a greater proportion of the weeds. Perennial weeds emerging from roots and rhizomes were less controlled by cultivation events than weeds emerging from seeds. Relatively poor control of perennials was due both to rapid resprouting during the few days between cultivation and assessment and to a lower probability of death in the zone indirectly disturbed by cultivator tools. Seedlings of perennial species suffered greater mortality from cultivation than annual weeds, probably because the low relative growth rate of perennials resulted in small seedlings that were susceptible to cultivation. Common ragweed was less controlled by cultivation than other annual weeds, probably because its heavier seeds produced larger seedlings at the time of cultivation. These larger seedlings were less likely to be buried during hilling-up operations at later cultivations. Counts of weeds before and after individual cultivation events provide insight into the processes affecting weed mortality during mechanical management.
Accounting for Productivity Dispersion over the Business Cycle
Authors: Kurtzman Robert J. , Zeke David
Published: May 2016

This paper presents accounting decompositions of changes in aggregate labor and capital productivity. Our simplest decomposition breaks changes in an aggregate productivity ratio into two components: A mean component, which captures common changes to firm factor productivity ratios, and a dispersion component, which captures changes in the variance and higher order moments of their distribution. In standard models with heterogeneous firms and frictions to firm input decisions, the dispersion component is a function of changes in the second and higher moments of the log of marginal revenue factor productivities and reflects changes in the extent of distortions to firm factor input allocations across firms. We apply our decomposition to public firm data from the United States and Japan. We find that the mean component is responsible for most of the variation in aggregate productivity over the business cycle, while the dispersion component plays a modest role.
Do Rising Top Incomes Lead to Increased Borrowing in the Rest of the Distribution?
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey P.
Published: May 2016

One potential consequence of rising concentration of income at the top of the distribution is increased borrowing, as less affluent households attempt to maintain standards of living with less income. This paper explores the “keeping up with the Joneses” phenomenon using data from the Survey of Consumer Finances. Specifically, it examines the responsiveness of payment-to-income ratios for different debt types at different parts of the income distribution to changes in the income thresholds at the 95th and 99th percentiles. The analysis provides some evidence indicating that household debt payments are responsive to rising top incomes. Middle and upper-middle income households take on more housing-related debt and have higher housing debt payment to income ratios in places with higher top income levels. Among households at the bottom of the income distribution there is a decline in non-mortgage borrowing and debt payments in areas with rising top-income levels, consistent with restrictions in the supply of credit. The analysis also consistently shows that 95th percentile income has a greater influence on borrowing and debt payment across in the rest of the distribution than the more affluent 99th percentile level.
Graduate Students’ Construction of Researcher Identities Explored Through Discourse Analysis
Authors: Davis C. Amelia , Lester Jessica N.
Published: May 2016

While many research methods courses challenge students to make sense of their own researcher identities as they relate to research paradigms and perspectives, there is a lack of research that examines how students actually go about constructing theses identities, particularly at the level of discourse. In this study, we attended to graduate students’ talk in an introductory research methods course, taking note of how students used particular discursive resources to construct a research identity in online classroom discussions. We analyzed 93 discussion posts students were asked to make in response to a discussion board prompt after completing assigned readings related to research paradigms and researcher identity. We identified two discursive patterns through our analysis: 1) minimizing knowledge, and 2) justifying paradigmatic orientations. Our findings highlight how being asked to talk about one’s research identity is a potentially fragile task, as evidenced by disclaimers of ‘knowing’, and one that evokes justifications and connections to students’ everyday lives. We highlight implications for the teaching of research methodology, particularly qualitative methods courses.
Critical Review: Antti Aikio and Mattias Åhrén (2014). A Reply to Calls for an Extension of the Definition of Sámi in Finland. Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 5, No. 1: 123–143
Authors: Laakso Ari Martin
Published: May 2016

(Published: May 2016)Citation: A. M. Laakso. “Critical Review: Antti Aikio and Mattias Åhrén (2014). A Reply to Calls for an Extension of the Definition of Sámi in Finland. Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 5, No. 1: 123–143.” Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2016, pp. 101–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/arctic.v7.419
Jogos Virtuais em Aulas de Matemática: Ações de um Aluno em um Jogo Virtual Envolvendo o Conceito de Ângulo
Authors: Miranda Claudia Steffany da Silva , Scherer Suely , De Oliveira Adamo Duarte , Sales Antônio
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado cujo objetivo foi analisar de que forma o conhecimento sobre ângulo pode ser (re)construído por alunos do sétimo ano do Ensino Fundamental ao tomarem decisões em um jogo virtual. Neste trabalho analisamos o processo de um dos alunos participantes da pesquisa. A ação da pesquisa foi estruturada em encontros presencias com o jogo virtual DD Tank, que tem como um dos objetivos vencer batalhas com tiros disparados por um avatar. O referencial teórico da pesquisa foi a Teoria das Situações Didáticas e os estudos sobre o ciclo de ações e a espiral da aprendizagem. Com base na análise dos dados foi possível concluir que o jogo foi
um contexto desafiador para a aprendizagem sobre conhecimentos relacionados a ângulo, e do uso dele surgiu a necessidade de compreender
o conceito de ângulo, que foi (re)construído de acordo com diferentes atividades.
Juggling Multiple Networks in Multiple Streams
Authors: de Leeuw Evelyne , Hoeijmakers Marjan , Peters Dorothee T.J.M.
Published: May 2016

This paper suggests a new conceptual gaze at theorizing the policy process. Alternating between practical, empirical, and theoretical perspectives, we describe how the hybridization of Multiple Streams, Policy Network, and Frame theories leads to a juggling metaphor to describe the process. From the initiation of this research program, we found that the information our research yielded was vastly more complex and dynamic than what is generally reported in similar research. In particular we discovered that dynamic interactions between actors in the different (policy, problem, and politics) streams, when appraised through a policy network lens, produce different network configurations in each stream. We also found that Kingdon's “Policy entrepreneurs” are likely to engage more in shaping the problem stream network configuration (through the process Kingdon labels “alternative specification”—which requires great perspicacity with words) than in the other streams. We therefore postulate that hybridization of policy network theory with Multiple Streams theory would create a more powerful conceptual toolbox. This toolbox can be enhanced further by insights from network management conceptualisations and frame theory. Finally, we have embraced the criticism that has been voiced of the stages heuristic and proposes that a more useful metaphor for policy processes is juggling: those processes may appear chaotic, but keen discipline, coordination, and acuity are required for policy students and operators to keep all balls in the air.
Policy and Decision to Retire in Central and Eastern European Countries
Authors: Skučiene Daiva , Moskvina Julija
Published: May 2016

The exit from the labor market in old age is a process determined by different institutional factors of the labor market. Working conditions, employment protection regulation, organizational policies and employers' attitude can either make people stop working or motivate them to work longer. The decision to stay or withdraw from the labor market in old age with regard to the employment policies in the Central and Eastern EU member states is analyzed in the paper. Central and Eastern European countries have been selected due to their similar historical development, as well as due to the advantages of comparative analysis providing more robust results based on the data from several national cases. For the literature analysis, the document meta‐analysis and the analysis of data from the European Social Survey (ESS5, 2010) and Eurobarometer 76.2 (September–October 2011), including methods such as descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression was applied. The willingness to continue in paid work after retirement is influenced by the complexity of the institutional factors related to the working time, autonomy at work, work and family balance, training opportunities, adjustment of the work place, the view of the employers and antidiscrimination actions. The analysis revealed the demand for effective policies in the fields of promoting productivity and fighting discrimination in Central and Eastern European countries.
The Role of Theories in Policy Studies and Policy Work: Selective Affinities between Representation and Performation?
Authors: Hoppe Robert , Colebatch Hal
Published: May 2016

In this article, we intend to take a few steps to mending the disconnect between the academic study of policy processes and the many practices of professional and not‐so‐professional policy work. We argue, first, that the “toolkit” of academically warranted approaches to the policy process used in the representative mode may be ordered in a family tree with three major branches: policy as reasoned authoritative choice, policy as association in policy networks, and policy as problematization and joint meaning making. But, and this is our second argument, such approaches are not just representations to reflect and understand “reality”. They are also mental maps and discursive vehicles for shaping and sometimes changing policy practices. In other words, they also serve performative functions. The purpose of this article is to contribute to policy theorists' and policy workers' awareness of these often tacit and “underground” selective affinities between the representative and performative roles of policy process theorizing.
Knowing the Future: Theories of Time in Policy Analysis
Authors: Strassheim Holger
Published: May 2016

The article gives a comparative and critical overview on theories of time in policy analysis. It is based on two central assumptions: First, the various ways time is conceptualized in policy analysis are closely related to underlying understandings of politics and political action. Theories of time are also always political theories. Debating time is thus not only of analytic value. It also has large implications on how power, rationality, and collectivity are related to each other. Secondly, theories of time as political theories can be highly influential in practice. When they find their way into policymaking, they may realign the time horizons and temporal orders of political action.
Seleção de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar para a Zona da Mata Norte de Pernambuco III: Final de safra
Authors: Albuquerque Aurélia Pietrina da Costa , Bastos Gerson Quirino , Dutra Filho João de Andrade , Souto Lauter Silva , Maracajá Patricio Borges , Simões Neto Djalma Euzébio
Published: May 2016

Sendo os cultivares melhorados a base de sustentação e desenvolvimento do setor sucroeneregético no Brasil, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho agroindustrial de 26 cultivares de cana-de-açúcar na microrregião canavieira da Mata Norte de Pernambuco. O experimento foi conduzido na área agrícola da Usina Olho D’água, onde foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: toneladas de pol por hectare, toneladas de cana por hectare, fibra, pol % corrigida, pureza, teor de sólidos solúveis e açúcar total recuperável. Realizou-se a análise de variância conjunta dos experimentos e estimativa de parâmetros genéticos, as médias foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott e Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Realizou-se ainda a rentabilidade econômica bruta de cada cultivar.  Constatou-se que a seleção de cultivares superiores deve ser baseada nas variáveis TPH e TCH. Como opções de cultivo comercial para a terceira época de colheita destacam-se como mais produtivas, RB92579, RB867515 e RB93509.

Selection of sugarcane cultivars to the North Forest Zone of Pernambuco III: Final crop

Abstract: Improved cultivars are support base and development of energétic and alcohol sector in Brazil, aimed with this work was to evaluate the agroindustrial performance of 26 sugarcane cultivars in the microrregion da Mata Norte of Pernambuco. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural area of the sugarmill Olho d'gua, which was used a randomized block with four replications. The variables analyzed were tons of pol per hectare, sugarcane tons per hectare, fiber, corrected pol%, purity, soluble solids content and total recoverable sugar. Were conducted the variance analysis and estimation of genetic parameters, the averages were grouped by the Scott and Knott test at 5% probability. It was held still gross economic profitability of each cultivar. The selection of superior cultivars should be based on TPH and TCH variables. As commercial cultivation options for the third harvest season stand out as more productive, RB92579, RB867515 e RB93509.

 
Coexpression of CAV-1, AT1-R and FOXM1 in prostate and breast cancer and normal cell lines and their influence on metastatic properties
Authors: Kowalska Karolina , Nowakowska Magdalena , Domińska Kamila , Piastowska-Ciesielska Agnieszka W.
Published: May 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the coexpression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) and forkhead box Ml (FOXM1) in prostate and breast cancer cell lines, in comparison with normal cell lines. CAV-1, AT1-R and FOXM1 expression was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in the prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNCaP; prostate normal cell line PNT1A; breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231; and the normal breast cell line 184A1. A correlation between the expression levels of the investigated genes and their metastatic properties was determined by the Spearman's rank test (P<0.05) and Aspin-Welsch t-test, respectively. In prostate cell lines, a significant correlation was noted between CAV-1 and AT1-R expression and between FOXM1 and CAV-1 expression. A correlation between the expression levels of the investigated genes and their metastatic potential was also observed, with relatively high expression of all the investigated genes in the normal prostate cell line PNT1A. In comparison to prostate cancer cell lines, an adverse dependency between CAV-1, AT1-R, FOXM1 expression and metastatic potential was observed in the breast cancer cell lines. Relatively high expression of all tested genes was observed in the normal breast cell line 184A1, which was decreasing respectively with increasing metastatic potential of breast cancer cell lines. The results obtained here indicate that CAV-1, FOXM1 and AT1-R may be potential markers of tumorigenesis in certain types of cancer in vitro.
Reforma Psiquiátrica e a Política Nacional de Saúde Mental
Authors: CARDOSO Antonio José Costa , TRINO Alexandre , PEDRA Marcelo , MEDEIROS Pollyanna Pimentel de
Published: May 2016

A Política Nacional de Saúde Mental busca consolidar um modelo assistencial em saúde mental aberto e de base comunitária. Constituída por dispositivos assistenciais diversos que devem funcionar de forma articulada, a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) corresponde à solução organizativa proposta para a implementação desse modelo assistencial. Esse texto pretendeu apoiar debate sobre a Política Nacional de Saúde Mental, Álcool e outras Drogas com os Analistas Técnicos de Políticas Sociais lotados no Ministério da Saúde (MS), na perspectiva de promover uma maior compreensão dos princípios e conceitos que a orientam enquanto projeto e processo de mudança nas práticas da Saúde Mental em resposta às necessidades da população, e refletir sobre os avanços e desafios que se apresentam no atual contexto de construção do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Neste sentido, foi estruturado na perspectiva de responder a duas questões orientadoras: 1) Qual a racionalidade, a lógica, que sustentou a formulação e sustenta a implementação dessa Política? 2) Quais os dispositivos assistenciais que compõem a RAPS e qual é o papel do Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) nessas redes?
Metode Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) Pada klasifikasi Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Untuk Kata Arabic pada penutur Indonesia
Authors: Kusumawati Ririn
Published: May 2016

Abstract— Arabic language has a slightly different pronunciation than the Indonesian so to learn it takes a long time. In Arabia itself, there are variants in the pronunciation of the Arabic language or dialect. Dialect is a language, and letters are used by a particular group of people in a clump that makes the difference between the readings even greeting one another. In Indonesia, alone speakers of Indonesia itself have a different dialect to native speakers.

This study was analyzed of Arabic writing suitability by Indonesian speakers using  Linear Predictive Coding extraction techniques. The text produces different patterns of speech. This also happens if the text is spoken by a speaker who is not the mother tongue of the speakers. The data training in this study is using the Arabic speaker sound. The feature extraction is classified using Hidden Markov Model.

In the classification, using Hidden Markov Model, voice signal is analyzed and searched the maximum possible value that can be recognized. The modeling results obtained parameters are used to compare with the sound of Arabic speakers. From the test results' Classification, Hidden Markov Models with Linear Predictive Coding extraction average accuracy of 78.6% for test data sampling frequency of 8,000 Hz, 80.2% for test data sampling frequency of 22050 Hz, 79% for frequencies sampling test data at 44100 Hz.
Metode Mel Frequency Cepstral Coeffisients (MFCC) Pada klasifikasi Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Untuk Kata Arabic pada Penutur Indonesia
Authors: Chamidy Totok
Published: May 2016

Abstract— Speech recognition is a system to transform the spoken word into text. Human voice signals have a very high of variability. Speech signals in the different pronunciation text, also resulting in distinctive speech patterns. This, furthermore, happens if the text is spoken by a speaker who is not the mother tongue of the speakers. For example, text Arabic words spoken by Indonesian speaker. In this study, Mel Frequency cepstral Coeffisients (MFCC) feature extraction techniques explored for voice recognition of the Arabic words for Indonesian speakers with data training using Arabian native speakers. Furthermore, features that have been extracted, classified using Hidden Markov Model (HMM). HMM is one of the sound modeling where the voice signal is analyzed and searched the maximum probability value that can be recognized, from the modeling results will be obtained parameters are then used in the word recognition process. Recognized word is a word that has the maximum suitability. The system produces an accuracy by an average of 83.1% for test data sampling frequency of 8,000 Hz, 82.3% for test data sampling frequency of 22050 Hz, 82.2% for test data sampling frequency of 44100 Hz.