bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNEXPECTED CAUSE OF SYNCOPE IN A 27 YEAR OLD PATIENT: CASE REPORT
Authors: Mierkytė Gerda , Kireilis Benas , Ivanova Olesia , Rinkūnienė Diana
Published: May 2024

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare inherited cardiac condition characterized by QT prolongation and T-wave abnormalities on the electrocardiogram (ECG). It is com­monly associated with syncope, however, sudden car­diac death can occur due to Torsades de Pointes (TdP). We report the case of a 27-year-old female patient with genetically confirmed LQTS type 2 KCNH2 gene mu­tation found, who experienced multiple syncopes since a young age. After antipsychotic drugs were removed and ß-adrenoblockers were prescribed, fainting episo­des did not reoccur.
ARITMOGENINĖ DEŠINIOJO SKILVELIO KARDIOMIOPATIJA: PATOFIZIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA, DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Jasaitė Marta
Published: May 2024

Aritmogeninė dešiniojo skilvelio kardiomiopatija (ADSK), anksčiau vadinta aritmogenine dešiniojo skil­velio displazija (ADSD), yra paveldima kardiomiopatija, kuriai būdingos skilvelinės aritmijos ir padidėjusi staigios širdinės mirties rizika. Dėl nespecifinio ligos pobūdžio ir plataus klinikinio pasireiškimo spektro diagnostika daž­nai būna sudėtinga. Pagrindinis ADSK gydymo tikslas – užkirsti kelią ligos progresavimui, kontroliuoti simp­tomus bei sumažinti staigios mirties riziką.
OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA – IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE AND HEALTH SYSTEM
Authors: Neporadnij Erikas
Published: May 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea affects a large proportion of working-age people. It causes symptoms, physical and psychological consequences not only for patients but the entire health sector. Obstructive sleep apnea contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic diseases such as arte­rial hypertension, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, or diabetes. A lot of attention is paid to more accurate and patient-oriented diagnostic and treatment methods. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy is one of those instruments. Results of surgical treatment are generally better when surgery is performed on the basis of data collected via drug-induced sleep endoscopy. Also, com­paring the results of sleep endoscopy before and after surgery can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the procedures performed.
PSORIAZĖS GYDYMAS IL-17 IR IL-23 INHIBITORIAIS
Authors: Aleksa Irmantas , Zinkevičiūtė Juta
Published: May 2024

Psoriazė – lėtinė uždegiminė (autoimuninė) odos liga, varginanti daug pacientų pasaulyje, Europoje ir Lietu­voje. Lietuvoje psoriaze serga daugiau nei 25000 žmonių ir kasmet sergamumas didėja [1]. Psoriazės gydymas ir patogenezė yra itin svarbus dermatologijos tyrimų objek­tas. Per keletą dešimtmečių psoriazės gydymas keitėsi, tobulėjo. Pirmiausia skirti vietinio poveikio preparatai buvo papildyti fototerapija, skiriami fitopreparatai. Vė­liau atsirado galimybė taikyti biologinę terapiją psoria­zės gydymui, kuri laikoma itin dideliu psoriazės gydymo atradimu. Nuo 1990 m., kai buvo atrastas etanerceptas, plačiai psoriazės gydymui taikytas TNF-α inhibitorius, biologinė terapija gerokai patobulėjo, taikoma specifinių interleukinų (taikinių) terapija toliau gerina ligos eigą ir prognozes. Atrasti IL-17 ir IL-23 inhibitoriai – monoklo­niniai antikūnai tęsia šį kelią. Dabar bandoma išsiaiškinti, kaip šių vaistų pritaikymas gali būti plėtojamas psoriazės gydymui dar plačiau.
ARLEKINO ICHTIOZĖS EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, ETIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA IR PIRMINĖ PRIEŽIŪRA
Authors: Vrublevski Marcin
Published: May 2024

Arlekino ichtiozė (AI) − pavojingiausia įgimtos autoso­minės recesyvinės ichtiozės forma. Naujagimiai, gimę su Arlekino ichtioze, išsiskiria savo išvaizda – stora oda, stambus trikampio ar rombo formos pleiskanojimas, daž­nai prastai išsivysčiusios ausys ir nosis. Dėl ypač sto­ros odos ribojami tiek sąnarių, tiek kvėpavimo judesiai, ypač nukenčia termoreguliacija, o dėl odos pažeidimų išgaruoja daug vandens. Diagnozės patvirtinimui bū­tina nustatyti ABCA 12 geno mutaciją. Tiek gydymas tiek pirminė priežiūra yra daugiadalykė, ypatingą dė­mesį skiriant infekcijų ir galimų kontraktūrų stebėsenai.
PROLAKTINOMA: ETIOLOGIJA, EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Šostak Emil
Published: May 2024

Prolaktinoma yra labiausiai paplitęs hormonus išskiriantis hipofizės navikas, kuris sudaro maždaug 50 proc. visų hipofizės navikų. Naviko etiologija nėra žinoma, tačiau jo atsiradimą bandoma sieti su sumažėjusiu estrogeno kiekiu ir genetinėmis mutacijomis: MEN1, PRKAR1A (Carney komplekso), CDKN1B (MEN4) arba AIP (FIPA), USP8 ir gsp, su estrogenais susijusio receptoriaus γ (ERRγ), splaisingo faktoriaus 3B1. Prolaktinomų skaičius su laiku vis auga, tai siejama su vis gerėjančia diagnostine įranga ir dažnesniu pacientų apsilankymu gydymo įstaigose. Moterims prolaktinoma pasireiškia dažniau negu vyrams. Prolaktinomos diagnostika remiasi ligos istorija, fiziniu ištyrimu, laboratoriniais ir vaizdo tyrimais. Prolaktino kiekis serume ir pagumburio – hipofizės srities MRT su gadolinio kontrastine medžiaga laikomi prolaktinomos diagnostikos auksiniu standartu. Šiuolaikinis prolaktino­mos gydymas skirstomas į medikamentinį – dopamino agonistais ir chirurginį – transfenoidalinę chirurgiją.
AUTOIMUNINIŲ KEPENŲ LIGŲ PERSIDENGIMO SINDROMAI: DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMO GALIMYBĖS
Authors: Janonytė Ugnė , Gerasimovič Gabriela , Kiudelienė Edita
Published: May 2024

Autoimuninės kepenų ligos (AKL) skirstomos į autoi­muninį hepatitą (AIH), pirminį sklerozuojantį cholangitą (PSC) ir pirminį biliarinį cholangitą (PBC). Pacientai, sergantys AIH, gali turėti cholestazinį komponentą, kurio klinika gali atitikti PBC, PSC arba nediferencijuojamą cholestazinį sindromą. Šie autoimuninių ligų fenotipai vadinami „persidengiančiais sindromais“. Dažniausiai literatūroje išskiriami trys AIH cholestaziniai varian­tai. Pacientai gali turėti histologiškai patvirtintą tulžies latakų pažeidimą ir teigiamą AMA reakciją, kas leistų įtarti AIH-PBC. AIH-PSC variantą pagrįstų neigiama AMA reakcija kartu su radiologiškai arba histologiškai aptiktais PSC požymiais. Galimas ir AIH-cholestazinio sindromo variantas, kai cholangiografijoje pakitimų ne­aptikta, AMA reakcija neigiama, tačiau yra histologinių tulžies latakų pažeidimo požymių. Persidengimo sin­dromų gydymas priklauso nuo vyraujančios patologijos ir turi būti individualizuojamas. Dažniausiai taikomas gydymas predniz(ol)ono ir azatioprino deriniu kartu su ursodeoksicholio rūgštimi. AKL persidengimo sindro­mams iki šiol trūksta tarptautiniu mastu patvirtintų di­agnostikos ir gydymo gairių. Norint užtikrinti geresnę pacientų priežiūrą ir pagerinti ligos prognozę, būtini to­limesni daugiacentriai tyrimai.
INKSTŲ AKMENLIGĖS PREVENCIJA
Authors: Miglinaitė Miglė
Published: May 2024

Inkstų akmenligė − organizmo medžiagų apykaitos su­trikimas, kurio metu inkstuose kaupiasi įvairios sudėties druskos. Sergamumas inkstų akmenlige per pastaruo­sius dešimtmečius pasaulyje išaugo beveik 3 kartus ir tai siejama su besikeičiančiais mitybos įpročiais, sėsliu gyvenimo būdu, greitu gyvenimo tempu. Mokslinėje literatūroje vis daugiau kalbama apie inkstų akmenli­gės prevencijos būdus, siekiant išvengti ar sumažinti inkstų akmenligės epizodų pasikartojimų. Tyrimo tiks­las − remiantis mokslinėmis publikacijomis apžvelgti inkstų akmenligės prevencijos būdus. Atlikta 11 publi­kacijų mokslinė apžvalga. Straipsniai atrinkti naudojantis

PubMed, UpToDate ir ScienceDirect duomenų bazėmis.
PIKTYBINĖ HIPERTERMIJA: FARMAKOGENETIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Navakauskaitė Aistė
Published: May 2024

Piktybinė hipertermija (PH) yra retas, gyvybei grėsmin­gas farmakogenetinis sutrikimas, kuris išsivysto dėl la­kiųjų anestetikų, depoliarizuojančių miorelaksantų, re­čiau −fizinio krūvio ar aplinkos karščio poveikio. PH patofiziologijoje esminis mechanizmas yra perteklinis kalcio jonų atsipalaidavimas iš sarkoplazminio tinklo, kuris sukelia nekontroliuojamą griaučių skersaruožių raumenų hipermetabolizmą. Jautrumas PH dažniausiai siejamas su genetinėmis rianodino receptoriaus (RYR1) ir CACNA1S mutacijomis. Šiam sutrikimui būdinga si­nusinė tachikardija, hiperkapnija, raumenų rigidiškumas, hipertermija, hiperkalemija, acidozė, rabdomiolizė ir mio­globinurija. Stebima klinikinė simptomatika labai įvairi. Ankstyviausias PH požymis – nuolatinis CO2 didėjimas iškvėpimo pabaigoje. Diagnostikos auksiniu standartu laikomas halotano – kofeino kontraktūros testas. Dan­trolenas – vienintelis galimas vaistas PH gydymui, kuris stabdo kalcio jonų atsipalaidavimą iš sarkoplazminio tinklo. Šis tyrimas apibendrina PH epidemiologiją, pato­genezę, etiologiją, klinikinius simptomus, diagnostiką ir gydymą. Siekiant išvengti mirtinos baigties, būtina laiku diagnozuoti ir anksti pradėti gydymą.
LĖTINIS PANKREATITAS. KLASIFIKACIJA, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS
Authors: Dragūnaitė Gintarė
Published: May 2024

Tyrimo tikslas − remiantis mokslinės literatūros duo­menimis, išanalizuoti ir aptarti informaciją apie lėtinio pankreatito klasifikaciją, diagnostiką ir gydymo galimy­bes. Atlikta mokslinės literatūros ir dokumentų apžvalga medicininėse duomenų bazėse. Rezultatai parodė, jog lėtinis pankreatitas yra progresuojantis kasos uždegi­mas, dėl kurio negrįžtamai pažeidžiama kasos struktūra ir funkcija. Dažniausia lėtinio pankreatito priežastis – dažnas gausus alkoholio vartojimas, antra dažniausia priežastis – kasos latakų obstrukcija. Apie 30 proc. lėtinio pankreatito atvejų yra idiopatiniai. Sergantieji gali būti besimptomiai arba turėti pilvo skausmo ir egzokrininio kasos nepakankamumo požymių (steatorėja, svorio kriti­mas) arba endokrininio kasos nepakankamumo požymių (prediabetas, diabetas). Diagnozė patvirtinama atliekant vaizdo tyrimą, kuris įprastai parodo kasos kalcifikaciją ir latakų išsiplėtimą. Kasos funkcijos tyrimais įvertinamas fermentų trūkumo laipsnis. Gydymas turėtų apimti paci­entų konsultavimą ir švietimą, skausmo ir komplikacijų valdymą. Intervencinio gydymo gali prireikti pacientams, kuriems išlieka stiprus skausmas arba pasireiškia kitos komplikacijos.
ELEKTRONINIŲ CIGAREČIŲ VARTOJIMO POVEIKIS SVEIKATAI
Authors: Kedikas Renatas
Published: May 2024

Straipsnyje aptariama elektroninių cigarečių vartojimo problema, įskaitant žalingą poveikį sveikatai. Nurodomas vartojimo visuomenėje populiarumas ir klaidinga nuo­monė apie elektroninių cigarečių saugumą. Pateikiami moksliniai duomenys, kurie parodo, jog elektroninių ci­garečių vartojimas nėra saugus sveikatai, sukelia kvėpa­vimo sutrikimus, odos pažeidimus. Tikslas – apžvelgti ir pateikti naujausių mokslinių tyrimų duomenis apie elektroninių cigarečių poveikį sveikatai bei rekomen­dacijas mažinti el. cigarečių vartojimą.
SPENELIO IR AREOLĖS KOMPLEKSĄ TAUSOJANČIOS MASTEKTOMIJOS IR KRŪTIES ODĄ TAUSOJANČIOS MASTEKTOMIJOS PALYGINIMAS
Authors: Belkevič Patricija
Published: May 2024

Spenelio ir areolės kompleksą tausojanti mastektomija (SAKTM, angl. Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy) ir krūties odą tausojanti mastektomija (KOTM, angl. Skin-Sparing Mastectomy) yra du pagrindiniai konservatyvieji chi­rurginiai krūties vėžio gydymo metodai. KOTM būdu išsaugoma pacientės krūties oda, todėl sudarant joje er­dvę, galima rekonstruoti naudojant implantus ar pačios pacientės audinius. SAKTM, konservatyvesnė naujovė, apsaugo spenelių ir areolių kompleksą, taip prisidedant prie regimai malonesnio rezultato. Svarbu ištirti SAKTM ir KOTM kompleksiškumą, kuris rodo tiek estetinį to­bulumą išlaikant natūralias formas, tiek psichologinius privalumus. SAKTM keičia pacienčių požiūrį į krūties vėžį, mažina emocinį krūvį ir padidina ilgalaikę gerovę. Taikant KOTM, iš išsaugotos odos erdvės krūtis gali būti formuojama ir kontūruojama tiksliau, atsižvelgiant į kie­kvieno paciento pageidavimus ir suteikiant patrauklesnį estetinį rezultatą po operacijos. SAKTM sunkumai apima subtilų kraujo tiekimo balansą, galimas komplikacijas ir kontraindikacijas. KOTM pasižymi saugumu ir estetika, tačiau susiduria su rekonstrukcijų nekrozės rizika. Atlikti tyrimai patvirtina abiejų būdų onkologinį saugumą, tačiau tyrimų pageidautina atlikti daugiau. Taikomi metodai, atsižvelgiant į saugumą, estetiką, psichologinį požiūrį ir paciento pageidavimus, užtikrina optimalius konserva­tyviosios mastektomijos rezultatus.
VIDURINĖS AUSIES CHOLESTEATOMA: ETIOLOGIJA, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS
Authors: Tiškutė Kamilė
Published: May 2024

Cholesteatoma apibūdinama kaip gerybinis, besiplečian­tis ir destrukcinis epitelinis uždegimas vidurinėje ausyje ir smilkinkaulyje. Cholesteatomos pagal etiopatofizio­loginį mechanizmą klasifikuojamos į įgimtas ir įgytas. Besiplečianti ir aplinkinį kaulinį audinį penetruojanti cholesteatoma gali sukelti klausos, pusiausvyros ir veido raumenų sutrikimus. Cholesteatoma gali būti diagnozuo­jama pasitelkus konservatyvius tyrimo metodus, kaip otoskopija, tačiau kompiuterinės tomografijos tyrimas padeda geriau įvertinti ligos išplitimą. Šiuo metu nėra sėkmingo nechirurginio gydymo, todėl cholesteatomos gydymui reikalinga atlikti operaciją.
NARCISISTINIO TIPO ASMENYBĖS SUTRIKIMAS: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA IR GYDYMO GALIMYBĖS
Authors: Kazlauskaitė Žyginta
Published: May 2024

Narcisistinis asmenybės sutrikimas – kompleksinis ir daug iššūkių keliantis psichiatrinis sutrikimas, pasireiš­kiantis grandioziškumu, empatijos stoka ir žavėjimosi poreikiu. Nors šis sutrikimas mažai ištirtas, jis dažnai pasireiškia bendroje populiacijoje ir turi didelį komorbi­diškumą su kitais asmenybės sutrikimais. Gydymas kelia nemažai iššūkių dėl riboto sutrikimo paveiktų asmenų kritiškumo savo būklei, taipogi nėra specifinio farma­kologinio gydymo, tačiau psichoterapija, ypač ilgalaikė psichodinaminė psichoterapija, gali padėti gerinti savi­voką ir tarpasmeninį funkcionavimą.
RESTRIKCINĖ KARDIOMIOPATIJA: ETIOLOGIJA, KLINIKA, DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Jasaitė Marta
Published: May 2024

Restrikcinė kardiomiopatija (RKMP) yra viena rečiausiai pasitaikančių kardiomiopatijų. Tyrimo tikslas – išanali­zuoti ir pateikti naujausią informaciją apie restrikcinę kardiomiopatiją, jos etiologiją, kliniką, diagnostikos ypa­tumus ir gydymo galimybes.

RKMP gali būti idiopatinė, toksinė ar sukelta genų mu­tacijų, kitų įvairių ligų ir sutrikimų.

Dėl savo įvairios patogenezės ir klinikinio pasireiškimo ligą gali būti sunku diagnozuoti. Šiuo metu nėra specifi­nio RKMP gydymo: taikomos įvairios gydymo strategi­jos, lengvinančios simptomus, konkretus pasirinkimas priklauso nuo paciento būklės.
IMPACT OF CONTACT SYSTEM ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Valaitienė Julija
Published: May 2024

Contact and intrinsic coagulation pathway components are involved in pathological thrombus formation. In addi­tion to coagulation, contact system activation is involved in anti/profibrinolytic and inflammatory processes that can contribute to the atherosclerotic and thrombotic en­vironment, leading to cardiovascular diseases. This lite­rature review concerns the role of the contact system on cardiovascular diseases and accentuates the potential of coagulation factors FXII (FXII) and FXI (FXI) as targets for antithrombotic therapy.
THYROGLOSSAL DUCT ANOMALIES -AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Bansal Preeti , Kumar Verma Arvind , Saha Somnath , Lalankumar Jha Ashutoshkumar
Published: May 2024

Thyroglossal duct anomalies are the most common cause of congenital neck masses in children.
However, they can also be present in later life. These anomalies can have varying presentations.
Objectives- The main objective of this study was to determine the incidence, prevalence, and varied presentations of
thyroglossal duct anomalies among both adults and children. During a one-year period from February Materials and methods2022 to February 2023, a prospective observational study was conducted at a rural tertiary care hospital. The study involved 12
patients who underwent surgery to treat thyroglossal duct cysts, with 7 of them being male and 5 being female. The Resultsstudy consisted of twelve patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4:1. The condition was found to be more prevalent in the age
group under ten years, with the main presenting complaint being neck swelling. The swelling was mostly located in the
suprahyoid region. After conrming the diagnosis, surgical management was done. Thyroglossal duct c Conclusion- ysts can
present in different age group and their location can also be different. It has various types of presenting features.
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY: NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Diaz Serrano Juan David
Published: May 2024

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries in athletes present unique challenges due to their impact on
knee stability and function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology,
anatomy, biomechanics, diagnosis, and treatment of PCL injuries in athletes. Epidemiological studies indicate that PCL injuries
often occur in isolation or in combination with other knee injuries, particularly in high-demand sports. Understanding the
anatomy and biomechanics of the PCL is essential for accurate diagnosis and optimal management. Diagnosis typically
involves a thorough history, physical examination, and imaging studies, with magnetic resonance imaging being the gold
standard. Non-operative management is often successful for isolated PCL injuries, focusing on rehabilitation to restore strength
and function. Surgical options, including reconstruction and repair, are considered for patients with persistent symptoms or
associated injuries. Overall, a multidisciplinary approach involving orthopedic surgeons, physical therapists, and athletic
trainers is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes in athletes with PCL injuries.
Co-occurrence of Heavy Metal and Antibiotics Resistance Traits in Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Droppings and Soil in Badagry, Lagos
Authors: Fashola Muibat O. , Anagun Olajide S. , Adebiyi Kehinde O. , Edu Mustapha O. , Tiodunmo Aishat A. , Adeniyi Oreoluwa A. , Kentomahun1 Esther S.
Published: May 2024

Background: Heavy metal and antibiotic resistance are two pressing global concerns affecting the agri-cultural and food sectors. Moreover, heavy metals tend to select antibiotic resistance in the absence of antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate, screen and identify heavy metal-resistant bacteria that can resist multiple antibiotics in agricultural settings.
Methods: Using standard cultural techniques, twenty-six heavy metal tolerant bacteria were isolated from poultry droppings and soil samples collected from Lagos State Food Processing Centre located at Badagry, Lagos. The isolates were presumptively identified by their morphological characteristics and subjected to antibiotics sensitivity test using the disc diffusion method. The identities of isolates exhib-iting multi-drug resistance (MDR) among the metal tolerance isolates were authenticated using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.
Results: All isolates recovered from the soil sample tolerated 3 mM of lead and nickel, while isolates from poultry droppings recorded the least tolerable concentrations of 1 mM and 2 mM of cadmium and lead, respectively. Each isolate exhibited resistance to at least a group of antibiotics phenotypically. Resistance to colistin (42.31%) was the highest among the isolates, closely followed by chlorampheni-col (23.08%), while gentamicin (3.85%) was the lowest among the isolates. However, six isolates were shown to be MDR strain, and they were identified as Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus cereus, Brevundimonas naejangsanensis, Pseudochrobactrum asaccharolyticum, Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticum and Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus.
Conclusion: This study further draws attention to the increasing dual resistance of bacteria to heavy metals and antibiotics, which may hinder the fight against antimicrobial resistance in agricultural set-tings
An Investigation into English-Majored Students’ Motivation in Speaking English
Authors: Vu Thuy Thi , Nguyen Thuong Thi Kim
Published: May 2024

Educational psychologists are particularly interested in motivation because of its critical role in student learning. How students can be active in their learning would affect their outcomes during their educational journey. Thus, this study aims to explain types of motivation in language learning and then sheds light on how such motivation pushes and stimulates students in English speaking, concurrently digging deeper into influencing factors on students’ motivation. Findings from the survey questionnaire reveal that the students mainly have extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. This could be explained by the students’ focus on the requirements of jobs and the desire to experience new things. Besides, some factors that influence the students' motivation in English language learning include the learning environment, limited knowledge, and teachers’ pedagogical strategies. The semi-structured interview offers a deeper understanding of the students’ experience about how motivation affects their speaking skills as well as how some factors are suggested for higher motivation. Hence, enhancing English-majored students' proficiency, especially in speaking English fluently, is the final goal of the study. From such a vantage point, some motivational strategies are recommended for English-speaking classes for both majored students and non-majored ones.
Law on Bidding in Capital Construction: Current Status of Regulations, Limitations and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Anh Chu Minh
Published: May 2024

Bidding is part of procurement activities between businesses, between businesses and state agencies. This is a form of civilized competition in the market economy, a special transaction method for large-scale transactions that require efficiency and transparency. The nature of bidding is a form of civilized competition in a market economy. Bidding activities are carried out in many fields such as construction, equipment procurement, project implementation, etc. Therefore, all professional businesses, whether Vietnam or foreign, no matter what field, any model, if it has enough capacity, cannot be ignored in bidding. Laws on bidding in the field of capital construction play an important role in managing and regulating bidding activities in the construction industry. Currently, Vietnam law has documents regulating public procurement such as Bidding Law 2013 effective from July 1, 2014, Decree No. 63/2014/ND-CP stipulates detailed implementation of several articles of the Bidding Law on contractor selection, etc. Some issues related to the current status of provisions of Vietnam law on public bidding and procurement activities are the selection of bidding form, bidding process, healthy competition, openness, and transparency in public bidding activities. This study analyzes the regulations and limitations of the law on bidding in the field of capital construction, thereby proposing solutions to improve the law on this issue.
Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Graduate University Students: Role of Gender
Authors: Bano Ayesha Humaira
Published: May 2024

This study intended to explore the disparity in male and female approach to recognize perceived stress and coping strategies among first year university students. The data was collected from N=425 students (Male n= 301 & Female n= 124) aged between 20-23 years. All students belonged to a public sector university situated in the city of DERA GHAZI KHAN, Pakistan. Purposive convenient sampling technique was used to collect data. The data was collected through Perceived Stress Scale and Coping Resource Inventory. The findings showed that there were variations in the perceived stress and coping styles of males and females. Female graduate students reported high perceived stress as compared to male students and male students often used problem focused coping strategies whereas the female students on the contrary used more emotional focused coping strategies. Results pertaining to effect of perceived stress on the use of coping strategies declared that the effect of stress on coping strategies is different among male and female first year university students. The results of the study highlight the importance of providing trainings to first year graduate students on using effective coping strategies to deal with their high level of perceived stress.
Atypical Giant Parathyroid Adenoma, Case Report
Authors: Helael Khaled Ahmad , Mheidat Ahmad Yousef , Odat Mohammad Harbi , Swalha Hudaib Nabeel , Al-omari Anas Horani, Ra’ad Ahmad , Abushqair Mansour Mohanmmad , Abu-Aloush Mohammad Ahmad , Alhyari Mohammad Hamdi Ahmad , Alwadi Mut’az Jawher , Momani Yazan Mohammad Ahmad Al , Etewi Habeeb lutfi
Published: May 2024

Atypical giant parathyroid adenoma is a rare tumor with unusual histological features, an unusual presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism but more elevated laboratory findings and more severe clinical presentation due to larger tissue mass, and defined as weighing>3.5 g, leading to diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Herein, we report a case of a 56-year-old woman who presented with a palpable neck mass, fatigue, persistent hypercalcemia, osteoporosis and asymptomatic renal stones, Ultrasound showed a left-sided solid nodule, and Sestamibi nuclear scan showed a giant parathyroid adenoma. The diagnosis of giant atypical parathyroid adenoma was confirmed after surgical excision size (3.5*1.5cm). We discuss the investigations, treatment, and outcome of this rare case and highlight the importance of long-term follow-up care.
Pelatihan Cerdas Menabung dan Pencatatan Keuangan UMKM bagi Wirausaha Pemula di Kota Bandung
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Ekuitas, Solihin Rici
Published: May 2024

One of the causes of failure among novice entrepreneurs in the first five years of running their businesses is the lack of successful financial management. The goal of the activity Community Service is to educate novice entrepreneurs to have good financial literacy by conducting Smart Saving and Financial Recording Training using Financial Recording Applications for MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises). The implementation method of community service activities involves various activities such as lectures, discussions, case studies, and practical exercises like making envelopes packaged as games to make it more enjoyable for participants. Initially, novice entrepreneurs were unfamiliar with business bookkeeping and were not accustomed to saving and investing for their business development. However, after receiving training in business bookkeeping and smart saving, they were able to improve their business records using the SiApik application. Moreover, they began planning their business development by saving and investing.
ANALYTICAL WAVELENGTHS IN THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF EQUILIBRIA IN SOLUTIONS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Skripnikova Tatyana A. ,   NOVBYTCHIM Company, Lysova Svetlana S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design,   NOVBYTCHIM Company, Zevatskii Yuri E. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design,   NOVBYTCHIM Company,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University (LETI),   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Artamonova Tatyana V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design
Published: May 2024

The review discusses approaches to determining the analytical wavelength in the spectrophotometric determination of thermodynamic equilibrium constants in solutions. Particular attention is paid to the use of the traditional spectrophotometric method and the method of concentration UV/Vis spectrophotometry, which has not yet been widely used
FORMATION OF HYDROPHOBIC SURFACE COMPOUNDS OF METALS BY SOLID-STATE SYNTHESIS USING SILICON HYDRIDE REAGENTS
Authors:   Empress Catherine II St. Petersburg Mining University, Syrkov Andrey G. , Ngo Khanh Q. ,   Empress Catherine II St. Petersburg Mining University, Taraban Vladimir V. ,   Empress Catherine II St. Petersburg Mining University, Tоmaev Vladimir V. ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: May 2024

A study of the formation of hydrophobic properties of dispersed metal samples (Ni, Fe, Cu, Al) obtained by different methods was carried out. The methods used are based on chemical processes, including chemisorption and reduction, during the interaction of a solid with gaseous modifier substances. The time dependence in the interval 24-216 (h) of the sorption of water (a) from saturated vapor on samples of copper powder (PMS-1) coated with ammonium preparations (Triamon and Alkamon) was studied. For the first time, the dependence of the sorption rate da/dt for the named samples was obtained and approximated by an equation based on the Gaussian function. Using XPS spectroscopy, structural changes in the surface of modified dispersed aluminum (PAP-2) were revealed upon interaction with water vapor. The binding energies of the O1s oxygen peaks (531.2; 531.5 eV), reflecting this interaction, were determined and assigned. There is no noticeable oxidation of aluminum on the surface. It was revealed that after 10 days of interaction with saturated water vapor, the proportion of aluminum atoms on the surface of the powder modified with vapors of organosilicon liquid based on ethyl hydride siloxane increases. It is assumed that the observed effect is due to the “pushing out” of water molecules from the hydrophobized surface during prolonged treatment, which is confirmed by the graph of the experimental dependence a=f(t). The higher hydrophobicity of metal products of solid- state hydride synthesis compared to industrial nickel and copper powders modified from the gas phase with known water-repellent agents based on ammonium and organosilicon compounds was experimentally confirmed. An explanation was proposed for the decrease in nonlinear effects in the time dependences of a(t) for dispersed metals – products of solid-state hydride synthesis.
METAL COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON PECTIN POLYSACCHARIDES
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Mamedov Elmaddin I. , Kalmykova Elena N. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: May 2024

The work provides a review of the past 20 years on the synthesis of metal complexes based on pectins, the study of their physicochemical properties and biological activity. Existing approaches to the production and study of modified pectins reveal the possibility of more effective practical use of natural carbohydrate biopolymers not only in the pharmaceutical industry, but also for medical purposes. One of the ways to change the chemical structure of glycans is to introduce biogenic metal cations into the composition, which helps to obtain substances with desired physicochemical and biological properties.
KINETICS OF THERMAL ESTERIFICATION OF STEARIC ACID WITH TRIETHANOLAMINE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Demidova Yuliya V. , Demidov Pavel A. ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: May 2024

There has been explored the process of obtaining esteramine from triethanolamine and stearic acid, the first stage of estequate production. The esterification of stearic acid with triethanolamine reaction kinetics has been studied in the temperature range of 125-164 oC. The reaction mixture components concentrations influence on the reaction rate has been established
CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF PYROCARBON COATINGS ON POWDERS IN A FLUIDIZED BED. II. COATINGS OBTAINING
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Abyzov Andrey M.
Published: May 2024

Pyrocarbon coatings of nanometer and submicron thickness were applied to coarse powders by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD), using a technical mixture of propane-butane. The nfluence of the nature of the carrier powder and CVD parameters on the deposition process was studied: total pressure (5 and 17 kPa), temperature (800, 900, 1000 °C), deposition time (0.5–3 h). The specific weight of the coatings was measured, the coatings thickness and the conversion degree of the reactant in the reactor were calculated, other engineering calculations were carried out. Design and technological solutions and research results are compared with those known from the literature
Plant Zone: A Technical Nexus for Green Commerce
Authors: - Rajit Shetty
Published: May 2024

The global lack of in-depth knowledge about various plant species, their benefits, and proper care methods poses a significant obstacle for those seeking to incorporate greenery into their lives. To address this knowledge gap, the Plant Zone project introduces an information and shopping system designed to provide detailed information and empower users in making informed decisions about plant choices. The system intelligently classifies items, including plants, seeds, pesticides, and accessories, enhancing the user's shopping experience. The platform's main objective is to encourage users to explore and purchase a diverse range of plants, fostering confidence to go beyond traditional choices. Plant Zone aims to revolutionize communication with plants, addressing the global knowledge gap while promoting informed choices and comprehensive plant care practices, ultimately contributing to a harmonious relationship with nature. The transformative power of this approach extends to the industry, simplifying the process of adopting sustainable practices.
Migration and Hindi Cinema: A Study
Authors: - Anagha Kamble
Published: May 2024

Migration has been an integral part of human history, several push and pull factors play a significant role for people to move from their place of settlement to a new area. Economic factors have played an important role in pushing people from the rural areas to migrate to the urban or semi urban areas in search of work. This migration has a profound impact on the individual, community and the nation at large. This article attempts to discuss the portrayal of migration from rural areas in Hindi cinema by highlighting the major discourse and pattern of societal reflection as depicted on screen. Through the content analysis of a few select hindi films, this study aims to explore the complexities of urban life and migration as portrayed in films.
Revolutionizing Innovations and Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: - Indranil Chatterjee , - Rajkumar Ghosh , - Suchetan Sarkar , - Krishna Das , - Monojit Kundu
Published: May 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the healthcare sector by offering innovative solutions to various challenges. This review explores the applications and benefits of AI in healthcare including AI techniques, machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision, which are being utilized to enhance medical diagnostics, treatment planning, patient care, and administrative processes. One significant application of AI in healthcare is medical imaging analysis. Machine learning algorithms can analyze medical images such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans with high accuracy, aiding in early detection and diagnosis of diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. Additionally, AI-powered predictive analytics enable healthcare providers to forecast patient outcomes and identify individuals at risk of developing certain conditions, allowing for proactive intervention and personalized treatment plans. Furthermore, AI-driven virtual health assistants and chabot’s provide patients with instant access to medical information, advice, and support, improving healthcare accessibility and patient engagement. Natural language processing algorithms enable these systems to understand and respond to patients' queries and concerns effectively. In clinical decision support systems, AI algorithms analyze vast amounts of patient data, including medical records, genetic information, and real-time physiological data, to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions about diagnosis and treatment strategies. Moreover, AI-driven robotic surgery systems enhance surgical precision, reduce errors, and shorten recovery times. Despite the numerous benefits, challenges such as data privacy concerns, regulatory compliance, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration remain. However, with ongoing advancements in AI technology and increased adoption by healthcare organizations, the potential for AI to transform healthcare delivery, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs is substantial. Collaborative efforts between AI developers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and regulators are essential to harnessing the full potential of AI in healthcare while ensuring ethical and responsible use.
Solar Surface Defect Detection Based on Optimized YOLOv5
Authors: - V SAI TARUN
Published: May 2024

This study introduces an advanced Solar Cell Surface Defect Detection method utilizing an improved YOLO v5, FaserRCNN and YOLOV6 algorithms. Addressing the challenges posed by complex image backgrounds, variable defect morphology, and large-scale differences, our approach incorporates deformable convolution in the CSP module for adaptive learning scale and perceptual field size. The integration of the ECA-Net attention mechanism enhances feature extraction capabilities, while the addition of a tiny defect prediction head improves detection accuracy across different scales. Optimization techniques, including Mosaic and MixUp data augmentation, K-meansCC clustering anchor box algorithm, and the CIOU loss function, contribute to superior model performance. Experimental results demonstrate an impressive accuracy of 97.14% for YOLOv5, outperforming Faster R-CNN's 90.66%. Further extension studies on YOLOv6, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8 reveal YOLOv6 as the most effective, achieving a remarkable accuracy of 98.28%. This research establishes a robust solution for solar cell defect detection, showcasing the efficacy of our proposed algorithm for industrial applications.
Development of Herbal Chocolate for Menstrual Cramps.
Authors: - Bhosale Supriya , - Kate Priyanka , - Lawand Pranita , - Bandgar Shweta
Published: May 2024

People love chocolate more than any other food, but they hate medications. Therefore, the goal of this study was to develop the chocolate that contain herbal ingredients i.e. medicated chocolate to relieve menstrual cramps. Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) are the herbs that help in treating menstrual cramps and Shatavari (Asparagus) racemosus) is a natural remedy that possesses medicinal properties related to the female reproductive system, such as the ability to improve lactation, prevents miscarriage, removes the infertility and controls the menstruation. Physiochemical study was performed on herbal chocolate to determine the presence of protein, carbs, and glycoside,which signify the presence of various bimolecular components in chocolate. Overall appearance, pH, dimensions, stability, blooming test, hardness test, weight variation, and moisture content were all assessed for the prepared herbal chocolate.
The Colorful Tapestry in Indian Legal System: Delving into Colorable Legislation in India
Authors: - Ananya Chauhan , - Ms. Soumya Khanna
Published: May 2024

The study explores the complex web of Indian constitutional law, elucidating the subtle yet crucial idea of the doctrine of colorable legislation. The study sets out on a historical expedition, following the doctrine's origins to the colonial era, when British constitutionalism profoundly influenced Indian legal philosophy. Beyond historical forebears, the investigation includes a thorough examination of the doctrine's development within the context of the Indian Constitution. According to the theory of "colorable legislation," the government may enact laws while pretending to have authority in order to give the false impression of compliance while departing from the truth. The purpose of the paper is to outline constitutional provisions, examine significant rulings from the judiciary, and evaluate the doctrine's implementation in significant cases. The historical background section describes how the concept developed during the colonial era in response to laws that attempted to go beyond the bounds of the constitution.
The section on ‘Constitutional Framework’ explores the specific clauses included in the Indian Constitution, highlighting the importance of the division of powers, the careful balance between the Union and the States, and the judiciary's watchdog role in ensuring that legislative activities stay within the bounds of the constitution. The section on the ‘Genesis of Colorable Legislation’ delves into the complex layers of this concept, highlighting essential ideas such legislative intent, prioritizing substance over form, and recognizing the limits of legislative authority. Concerns concerning judicial overreach and the subjective nature of interpreting legislative intent are acknowledged in the ‘Challenges and Criticisms’ section. The research explores how the theory maintains a delicate balance and proposes clearer criteria to improve objectivity in judgments.
The analysis is summarized in the conclusion, which emphasizes that the doctrine of colorable legislation is a dynamic force that is reshaping India's constitution rather than merely being a historical artifact. It acts as an everlasting check on legislative overreach by making sure that laws are passed in accordance with the values stated in the Indian Constitution. The doctrine's
continued applicability highlights its significance as a pillar of Indian constitutional jurisprudence and a significant contributor to the nation's constitutional government.
Ayurvedic Perspectives on Oral Health: Insights into Prevention and Management of Oral Diseases
Authors: - Dr Mohana Kumari , - Dr S M Pasha
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Oral health stands as a cornerstone of overall well-being, influencing various aspects of an individual's life, from physical health to social interactions and psychological well-being. Oral diseases continue to be a major health problem world-wide. Oral health is integral to general well-being and relates to the quality-of-life that extends beyond the functions of the craniofacial complex. The standard Western medicine has had only limited success in the prevention of periodontal disease and in the treatment of a variety of oral diseases. Hence, the search for alternative products continues and natural phytochemicals isolated from plants used in traditional medicine are considered to be good alternatives to synthetic chemicals. The Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 estimated that oral diseases affect close to 3.5 billion people. The majority of oral health conditions are: dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral ulcers, oral cancers etc. There is a global need for safe and effective alternative for prevention and treatment of the oral manifestations. Ayurveda can be a good alternative for this hurdle. It provides a way of life that incorporate various diets, regimens, rasayana yogas and special procedures to maintain the oral health and hygiene. This paper, is an attempt to scientifically review various Ayurvedic drugs and techniques for the maintenance of oral health and to prevent oral diseases.The present scientific evidence based review is focused on the possible role of Ayurveda in the management of various orofacial disorders.
Usability Evaluation of A Braille Tactile Audio Device (B.T.A.D.)
Authors: - Francis Lei S. Baring , - Bench Yasmin Canencia , - Fanny Mae G. Mobida , - Mia Gyn Tudtud , - Ailishkin Vargas
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the assessment of the BTAD (Braille Tactile Audio Device) concerning its physical attributes, sound weight, texture, and learnability. Employing a descriptive research design, the study thoroughly examines the usability of the BTAD. Nine purposely selected participants from Cebu, Philippines, individually utilized the BTAD to evaluate it using a researcher-developed questionnaire. The analysis revealed six principal themes: affirmative observations regarding the physical attributes of the BTAD, negative observations regarding its physical characteristics, amplification of sound volume, portability aspect of the BTAD, texture consistency, and ease of manipulation. Findings indicate a mixture of satisfaction and areas for improvement among users, particularly highlighting volume concerns, which are crucial for visually impaired individuals dependent on auditory cues. Consequently, the study recommends enhancing the volume and durability of the device. Future researchers are urged to consider user feedback and prioritize suggested improvements to develop a more refined and functional BTAD.
Consumer Confidence in Digital Finance: Trust Dynamics in Online Banking
Authors: - Anurag sahu , - Manupriya khemka , - Aaryan Agrwal , - Bhoowan Sahu , - Mohammad Shadan
Published: May 2024

Customers believe plays a significant part within the selection and victory of online managing an account service. As digitalization proceeds to convert the keeping money industry, understanding the variables that impact customers' belief in online banking stages gets to be pivotal. This theory gives a basic
investigation of customer belief in online keeping money, centering on key determinants, challenges, and methodologies for improving belief in computerized keeping money situations. The ponder investigates different components that contribute to building or dissolving buyers' belief in online keeping money, counting security measures, security concerns, client encounter, seen chance, and administrative systems. It examines the effect of cyber dangers, information breaches, and false exercises on customer belief and certainty in online banking administrations.
Also, the theoretical looks at procedures utilized by banks and money related teach to cultivate customer believe in online managing an account, such as strong cybersecurity measures, straightforward information hones, user-friendly interfacing, and viable communication of security approaches. It moreover examines the part of administrative bodies and industry guidelines in keeping up believe and validity within the computerized managing an account environment.
By analyzing current patterns, challenges, and best hones, this theoretical points to supply experiences into the elements of shopper believe in online banking and offer suggestions for improving reliability, security, and client fulfillment in digital financial administrations.
A Study on Prescription Pattern of Drugs in Orthopaedics Inpatient Department of Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre in Raichur
Authors: - H. Doddayya , - Gregori K Saj , - Rahul S
Published: May 2024

Background: Periodic evaluation of drug utilization pattern is necessary to promote rational drug use by. In orthopaedics practice, the prescribing pattern needs to be regularly monitored since many of the drugs prescribed carry untoward adverse effects. In this backdrop, the present study was conducted to explore the prescribing pattern in orthopaedics outpatient department (OPD) of Navodaya medical college hospital and research centre in Raichur.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted for 3 months, in Navodaya
medical college hospital and research centre in Raichur, a 1000 bedded tertiary care rural based, teaching hospital. Total 100 patients were included in this study.
Results: Total 1216 drugs were prescribed in 100 prescriptions. Average number of drugs per prescription was 7.34. Average duration of prescription was 9 days. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 29.7%. Percentage of encounter with an Antibiotic prescribed was 60.23% i.e. out of 100 prescriptions antibiotics were prescribed in 60. Percentage of encounter with an Injection prescribed was 60% which means out of 100 prescriptions, injectables were
prescribed in 60. Percentage of drugs prescribed from National Essential Medicine List was 52.63%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from WHO model List was 32.46%. Diclofenac (14.25%) was most commonly prescribed drug. Incidence of polypharmacy was quite high in context of Analgesics. Almost 19% of prescriptions had 3 drugs. Orally prescribed Analgesics were 62.4%, Injectables 34% and Topical 3.6%. Conclusion: The study provides an insight
into the prescribing pattern in orthopaedics in-patients. It highlights the importance of emphasizing rational drug prescribing and toward improving awareness of the physicians and medical students to the WHO recommended standards on prescribing indicators.