bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ketogenic diet increases Neuregulin 1 expression via elevating histone acetylation and its anti-seizure effect requires ErbB4 kinase activity
Authors: Wang Jin , Huang Jie , Yao Shan , Wu Jia-Hui , Li Hui-Bin , Gao Feng , Wang Ying , Huang Guo-Bin , You Qiang-Long , Li Jianhua , Chen Xiaohui , Sun Xiang-Dong
Published: May 2021

Background

The ketogenic diet (KD)has been considered an effective treatment for epilepsy, whereas its underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We have previously reported that the KD feeding increased Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) expression in the hippocampus; disruption of NRG1 signaling by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4 abolished KD’s effects on inhibitory synaptic activity and seizures. However, it is still unclear about the mechanisms underlying the effect of KD on NRG1 expression and whether the effects of KD require ErbB4 kinase activity.

Methods

The effects of the KD on NRG1 expression were assessed via western blotting and real-time PCR. Acetylation level at the Nrg1 promoter locus was examined using the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique. Kainic acid (KA)-induced acute seizure model was utilized to examine the effects of KD and histone deacetylase inhibitor-TSA on seizures. Synaptic activities in the hippocampus were recorded with the technique of electrophysiology. The obligatory role of ErbB4 kinase activity in KD’s effects on seizures and inhibitory synaptic activity was evaluated by using ErbB kinase antagonist and transgenic mouse-T796G.

Results

We report that KD specifically increases Type I NRG1 expression in the hippocampus. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique, we observe increased acetylated-histone occupancy at the Nrg1 promoter locus of KD-fed mice. Treatment of TSA dramatically elevates NRG1 expression and diminishes the difference between the effects of the control diet (CD) and KD. These data indicate that KD increases NRG1 expression via up-regulating histone acetylation. Moreover, both pharmacological and genetic inhibitions of ErbB4 kinase activity significantly block the KD’s effects on inhibitory synaptic activity and seizure, suggesting an essential role of ErbB4 kinase activity.

Conclusion

These results strengthen our understanding of the role of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in KD and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions for epilepsy.
The effects of meditation on length of telomeres in healthy individuals: a systematic review
Authors: Dasanayaka Nirodhi N. , Sirisena Nirmala D. , Samaranayake Nilakshi
Published: May 2021

Background

Meditation-based practices have been suggested to result in many biological benefits which include reduction of attrition of telomeres, the protective nucleotide-protein complexes at termini of eukaryotic chromosomes. This systematic review evaluated the effects of meditation on telomere length (TL) in healthy adults.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies conducted to determine the effects of meditation on TL in healthy individuals, published up to July 2020 were retrieved by searching seven electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Google Scholar). The methodological quality of RCTs and observational studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool and Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist, respectively. The data was synthesized narratively and the effect estimates of TL in the RCTs were synthesized using alternative methods as a meta-analysis was not conducted. The certainty of evidence was classified according to the GRADE system.

Results

A total of 1740 articles were screened. Five studies comprising two RCTs and three case-control studies (CCS) were included in the final review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The combined sample consisted of 615 participants with 41.7% males. Average age of participants was 47.7 years. One CCS and one RCT reported significant beneficial effects of meditation on TL while the two remaining CCS and the RCT showed positive effects of meditation on TL which were not significant. For all CCS and one RCT, the methodological quality was high while the remaining RCT was of moderate quality. The quality of evidence for the primary outcome was moderate in RCTs.

Conclusion

The effect of meditation on TL per se is still unclear. Strictly designed and well-reported RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to provide evidence of higher quality.

Systematic review registration

The protocol of this review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (registration number: CRD42020153977).
Existence, uniqueness and stability analysis of a coupled fractional-order differential systems involving Hadamard derivatives and associated with multi-point boundary conditions
Authors: Subramanian Muthaiah , Alzabut Jehad , Baleanu Dumitru , Samei Mohammad Esmael , Zada Akbar
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we examine the consequences of existence, uniqueness and stability of a multi-point boundary value problem defined by a system of coupled fractional differential equations involving Hadamard derivatives. To prove the existence and uniqueness, we use the techniques of fixed point theory. Stability of Hyers-Ulam type is also discussed. Furthermore, we investigate variations of the problem in the context of different boundary conditions. The current results are verified by illustrative examples.
Boundary value problems for Hilfer type sequential fractional differential equations and inclusions involving Riemann–Stieltjes integral multi-strip boundary conditions
Authors: Nuchpong Cholticha , Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Samadi Ayub , Tariboon Jessada
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we study boundary value problems for sequential fractional differential equations and inclusions involving Hilfer fractional derivatives, supplemented with Riemann–Stieltjes integral multi-strip boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained in the single-valued case by using the classical Banach and Krasnosel’skiĭ fixed point theorems and the Leray–Schauder nonlinear alternative. In the multi-valued case an existence result is proved by using nonlinear alternative for contractive maps. Examples illustrating our results are also presented.
Approximated least-squares solutions of a generalized Sylvester-transpose matrix equation via gradient-descent iterative algorithm
Authors: Kittisopaporn Adisorn , Chansangiam Pattrawut
Published: May 2021

This paper proposes an effective gradient-descent iterative algorithm for solving a generalized Sylvester-transpose equation with rectangular matrix coefficients. The algorithm is applicable for the equation and its interesting special cases when the associated matrix has full column-rank. The main idea of the algorithm is to have a minimum error at each iteration. The algorithm produces a sequence of approximated solutions converging to either the unique solution, or the unique least-squares solution when the problem has no solution. The convergence analysis points out that the algorithm converges fast for a small condition number of the associated matrix. Numerical examples demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the algorithm compared to renowned and recent iterative methods.
Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC)
Authors: Zuaboni Gianfranco , Elmer Timon , Rabenschlag Franziska , Heumann Kolja , Jaeger Susanne , Kozel Bernd , Mahlke Candelaria I. , Theodoridou Anastasia , Jaeger Matthias , Rüsch Nicolas
Published: May 2021

Background

Healthcare professionals can be a source of stigma and discrimination for people with mental illness, and anti-stigma programs are needed for this target group. However, there is no validated German language scale to assess attitudes of healthcare professionals towards people with mental illness. This study had the aim to validate the German language version of the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC), a self-report measure of stigmatizing attitudes.

Methods

Staff (n = 392) on general psychiatric inpatient wards (excluding child, forensic and geriatric psychiatry) at five psychiatric hospitals in Switzerland (n = 3) and Germany (n = 2) participated in the study. The internal consistency of the OMS-HC was examined as well as its factor structure using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. To assess the scale’s concurrent validity, we used the Social Distance Scale.

Results

Internal consistency for the OMS-HC total score was good (α = 0.74), acceptable for the subscales Attitudes (α = 0.62) and Social Distance (α = 0.69), and poor for the Disclosure subscale (α = 0.55). The original three-factor structure fit our data well. The OMS-HC total score and the Social Distance subscale score were significantly correlated with the Social Distance Scale, supporting concurrent validity.

Conclusion

The German version of the OMS-HC demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and can be recommended for future research and intervention evaluation.
Accurate analytic approximation for the Chapman grazing incidence function
Authors: Vasylyev Dmytro
Published: May 2021

A new analytical approximation for the Chapman mapping integral, $${\text {Ch}}$$
Ch
, for exponential atmospheres is proposed. This formulation is based on the derived relation of the Chapman function to several classes of the incomplete Bessel functions. Application of the uniform asymptotic expansion to the incomplete Bessel functions allowed us to establish the precise analytical approximation to $${\text {Ch}}$$
Ch
, which outperforms established analytical results. In this way the resource consuming numerical integration can be replaced by the derived approximation with higher accuracy. The obtained results are useful for various branches of atmospheric physics such as the calculations of optical depths in exponential atmospheres at large grazing angles, physical and chemical aeronomy, atmospheric optics, ionospheric modeling, and radiative transfer theory.
Impairing photorespiration increases photosynthetic conversion of CO2 to isoprene in engineered cyanobacteria
Authors: Zhou Jie , Yang Fan , Zhang Fuliang , Meng Hengkai , Zhang Yanping , Li Yin
Published: May 2021

Photorespiration consumes fixed carbon and energy generated from photosynthesis to recycle glycolate and dissipate excess energy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether we can use the energy that is otherwise consumed by photorespiration to improve the production of chemicals which requires energy input. To this end, we designed and introduced an isoprene synthetic pathway, which requires ATP and NADPH input, into the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. 6803. We then deleted the glcD1 and glcD2 genes which encode glycolate dehydrogenase to impair photorespiration in isoprene-producing strain of Synechocystis. Production of isoprene in glcD1/glcD2 disrupted strain doubled, and stoichiometric analysis indicated that the energy saved from the impaired photorespiration was redirected to increase production of isoprene. Thus, we demonstrate we can use the energy consumed by photorespiration of cyanobacteria to increase the energy-dependent production of chemicals from CO2.
Homeward bound: canopy cover and species identity influence non-breeding season homing success and speed in forest birds
Authors: Bai Jin , Weitekamp Chelsea A. , Frye Kelly , Sieving Kathryn E.
Published: May 2021

Background

Efficient and safe movement is fundamental for wild birds to thrive in their environments. For arboreal forest animals, especially birds, canopy cover has a large impact on birds’ daily movements and is a crucial component of conservation strategies seeking to retain avian population in disturbed or urban habitats.

Methods

We translocated woodland bird species utilizing different forest strata during two non-breeding seasons in Gainesville, FL, USA. We used linear model and generalized linear model to examine the effects of canopy cover and species identity on homing success and speed.

Results

Among our study species of Tufted Titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor), Carolina Chickadee (Poecile carolinensis), and Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), we found that Carolina Chickadees and Tufted Titmice were more likely to return than Northern Cardinals. Among birds that successfully returned, homing speed is significantly affected by forest canopy cover and species identity (titmice had higher homing speed than cardinals). Birds return much faster in landscape with higher canopy cover.

Conclusions

This study presented evidence of species identity’s effect on homing success and speed in common feeder bird species in Southeast US and provided further evidence that bird movements in the suburban land cover are constrained by low canopy cover.
Characteristics and biomarkers of patients with central nervous system infection admitted to a referral hospital in Northern Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Cuong Chi , Katoh Shungo , Hasebe Futoshi , Dhoubhadel Bhim Gopal , Hiraoka Tomoko , Hamaguchi Sugihiro , Le Anh Thi Kim , Nguyen Anh Thi Hien , Dang Anh Duc , Smith Chris , Yoshida Lay-Myint , Do Cuong Duy , Pham Thuy Thi Thanh , Ariyoshi Koya
Published: May 2021

Background

Laboratory facilities for etiological diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infection are limited in developing countries; therefore, patients are treated empirically, and the epidemiology of the pathogens is not well-known. Tubercular meningitis is one of the common causes of meningitis, which has high morbidity and mortality, but lacks sensitive diagnostic assays. The objectives of this study were to determine the causes of meningitis in adult patients by using molecular assays, to assess the risk factors associated with them, and to explore whether biomarkers can differentiate tubercular meningitis from bacterial meningitis.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, from June 2012 to May 2014. All patients who were ≥ 16 years old and who had meningoencephalitis suggested by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings (CSF total cell >5/mm3 or CSF protein ≥40 mg/dL) were included in the study. In addition to culture, CSF samples were tested for common bacterial and viral pathogens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for biomarkers: C-reactive protein and adenosine deaminase (ADA).

Results

Total number of patients admitted to the department was 7506; among them, 679 were suspected to have CNS infection, and they underwent lumbar puncture. Five hundred eighty-three patients had abnormal CSF findings (meningoencephalitis); median age was 45 (IQR 31–58), 62.6% were male, and 60.9% were tested for HIV infection. Among 408 CSF samples tested by PCR, out of them, 358 were also tested by culture; an etiology was identified in 27.5% (n=112). S. suis (8.8%), N. meningitis (3.2%), and S. pneumoniae (2.7%) were common bacterial and HSV (2.2%), Echovirus 6 (0.7%), and Echovirus 30 (0.7%) were common viral pathogens detected. M. tuberculosis was found in 3.2%. Mixed pathogens were detected in 1.8% of the CSF samples. Rural residence (aOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–14.4) and raised CSF ADA (≥10 IU/L) (aOR 25.5, 95% CI 3.1–212) were associated with bacterial meningitis when compared with viral meningitis; similarly, raised CSF ADA (≥10 IU/L) (aOR 42.2, 95% CI 2.0–882) was associated with tubercular meningitis.

Conclusions

Addition of molecular method to the conventional culture had enhanced the identification of etiologies of CNS infection. Raised CSF ADA (≥10 IU/L) was strongly associated with bacterial and tubercular meningitis. This biomarker might be helpful to diagnose tubercular meningitis once bacterial meningitis is ruled out by other methods.
The effect of type of firearm and shooting distance on pattern distribution, particle dispersion and amount of gunshot residue
Authors: Zain Zainiharyati Mohd , Jaluddin Siti Nurhazlin , Halim Mohamed Izzharif Abdul , Subri Mohamed Sazif Mohamed
Published: May 2021

Background

Evidence can be defined as the object’s availability and/or information that indicates whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. Gunshot residue (GSR) is an important evidence that can serve many roles in ballistic investigation such as shooting distance, type of firearm and ammunition used in shooting related to GSR. However, due to minimal amount of GSR that can be found in crime scene, suitable methods and technique are required in order to obtain the information from the evidence. This action is also known as evidence recovery. When a firearm is fired, soot or particles are discharged from any opening of the firearm and deposited at the vicinity of point of shooting.

Results

This study emphasized on the examination of the soot/particles produced and pattern distribution of GSR deposited on white cotton cloth target at varying shooting distances (from 3 to 50 cm) using a video spectral comparator. Pattern distribution and GSR particle density are the main factors in determining the shooting distances in clothing. Principle component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to classify firearms; the differences in the GSR pattern distribution are highly recognizable. This study showed that the relationship between the GSR particle dispersion and shooting distance was proportionally linear. The results obtained from the shooting test showed that the diameter of GSR distribution and the amount of residues being deposited from shots fired decreased at distances greater than 21 cm.

Conclusion

This study will help the investigators in determining the shooting distances and evaluating the firearms used. There is a promising method for examination of GSR pattern on the target material which is also important for firing distance estimation.
Multiple aromatic amino acids are involved in potyvirus movement by forming π-stackings to maintain coat protein accumulation
Authors: Yan Zhi-Yong , Xu Xiao-Jie , Fang Le , Geng Chao , Tian Yan-Ping , Li Xiang-Dong
Published: May 2021

Coat protein (CP) is required for potyviruses to move and establish a systemic infection in plants. π-stackings formed by aromatic residues play critical roles in maintaining protein stability and functions. As we know, many aromatic residues located in the core region of potyvirus CPs are conserved. However, their roles in potyvirus infection remain largely unknown. Here, through analysis of the three-dimensional model of the tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV; genus Potyvirus) CP, 16 aromatic residues were predicated to form π-stackings. The results of transient expression experiments demonstrated that deletion of any of these 16 aromatic residues reduced CP accumulation. Infectivity assays showed that deletion of any of these aromatic residues in the TVBMV infectious clone abolished cell-to-cell movement and reduced replication of the virus. Substitution of Y105 and Y147 individually with non-aromatic residues alanine or glycine reduced CP accumulation, virus replication, and abolished the ability of TVBMV to move intercellularly, while substitution of these two residues individually with aromatic residues phenylalanine or tryptophan, had no or little effect on CP accumulation and TVBMV systemic movement and replication. Similar results were obtained from the CP mutants of watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, genus Potyvirus). Taken together, our results demonstrate that multiple aromatic residues in CP are involved in potyvirus movement by forming π-stackings to maintain CP accumulation.
Genetic Manipulation on Zebrafish duox Recapitulate the Clinical Manifestations of Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Sun Feng , Fang Ya , Zhang Man-Man , Zhang Rui-Jia , Wu Feng-Yao , Yang Rui-Meng , Tu Ping-Hui , Dong Mei , Zhao Shuang-Xia , Song Huai-Dong
Published: May 2021

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a highly prevalent but treatable neonatal endocrine disorder. Thyroid dyshormonogenesis is the main cause of congenital hypothyroidism in Chinese CH patients, and DUOX2 is the most frequent mutated gene involved in H2O2 production. In humans, the primary sources for H2O2 production are DUOX1 and DUOX2, while in zebrafish there is only a single orthologue for DUOX1 and DUOX2. In this study, duox mutant zebrafish were generated through knockdown duox by morpholino or knockout duox by CRISPR Cas9. The associated phenotypes were investigated and rescued by thyroxine (T4) treatment. Mutant zebrafish displayed hypothyroid phenotypes including growth retardation, goiter and, infertility. Homozygous mutants in adults also displayed extrathyroidal abnormal phenotypes, including lacking barbels, pigmentation defects, erythema in the opercular region, ragged fins, and delayed scales. All these abnormal phenotypes can be rescued by 10 nM T4 treatment. Strikingly, the fertility of zebrafish was dependent on thyroid hormone; T4 treatment should be continued and cannot be stopped over 2 weeks in hypothyroid zebrafish in order to achieve fertility. Thyroid hormones played a role in the developing and maturing of reproductive cells. Our work indicated that duox mutant zebrafish may provide a model for human congenital hypothyroidism.
Preventing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Exhalation Upon Tracheal Extubation in the Intensive Care Unit: A Case Series
Authors: Guarracino Fabio , Forfori Francesco , Brizzi Giulia , Bertini Pietro
Published: May 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious virus transmitted by inhalation of infected matter containing live virus or by exposure from contaminated surfaces. Aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) create an increased risk of airborne transmission of infection. Tracheal extubation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a risky AGP procedure owing to the proximity of the staff members to the patients’ mouths and the exposure to airway secretions. We describe the use of a disposable openable mask (Janus Mask, Biomedical Srl, Florence, Italy) that might limit aerosol generation in the periextubation phase of COVID-19 cardiac surgical patients.
Trusting Women's Visions: The Discernment of Spirits in Julian of Norwich's Revelation of Love
Authors: Kelner Anna
Published: May 2021

Julian of Norwich intervened in the clerical discourses surrounding the discernment of spirits (Latin discretio spirituum), a method for observing differences between divine and diabolical causes of visionary experience. During the late Middle Ages in Europe, churchmen used methods of discernment in some prominent trials to examine female visionaries for sanctity or heresy. In these instances, discernment offers a medieval analogue to what critics such as Rita Felski, following Paul Ricoeur, have termed paranoid reading practices or the “hermeneutics of suspicion,” premised on demystifying the illusory nature of signs, as opposed to reparative reading practices or the “hermeneutics of trust,” which calls for restoring their meaning. In a climate when discretio spirituum came to prominence, Julian responded to the suspicious techniques developed to interpret women's visions and bodies by incorporating an innovative guide for discernment in A Revelation of Love that prioritizes trust over suspicion. Julian's trusting form of discernment offers a way to recuperate one of the most stigmatized aspects of femininity: woman's perceived susceptibility to diabolical influence. A Revelation of Love shows how apparently diabolical signs can indicate God's divine presence.
IsoSplitter: identification and characterization of alternative splicing sites without a reference genome
Authors: Wang Yupeng , Hu Zhikang , Ye Ning , Yin Hengfu
Published: May 2021

Long-read transcriptome sequencing is designed to sequence full-length RNA molecules and advantageous for identifying alternative splice isoforms; however, in the absence of a reference genome, it is difficult to accurately locate splice sites because of the diversity of patterns of alternative splicing (AS). Based on long-read transcriptome data, we developed a versatile tool, IsoSplitter, to reverse-trace and validate AS gene “split sites” with the following features: (i) IsoSplitter initially invokes a modified SIM4 program to find transcript split sites; (ii) each split site is then quantified, to reveal transcript diversity, and putative isoforms are grouped into gene clusters; (iii) an optional step for aligning short reads is provided, to validate split sites by identifying unique junction reads, and revealing and quantifying tissue-specific alternative splice isoforms. We tested IsoSplitter AS prediction using data sets from multiple model and nonmodel plant species and showed that the IsoSplitter pipeline is efficient to handle different transcriptomes with high accuracy. Furthermore, we evaluated the IsoSplitter pipeline compared with that of the splice junction identification tools, Program to Assemble Spliced Alignments (PASA software needs a reference genome for AS identification) and AStrap, using data from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that IsoSplitter determined more than twice as many AS events than AStrap analysis, and 94.13% of the IsoSplitter predicted AS events were also identified by the PASA analysis. Starting from a simple sequence file, IsoSplitter is an assembly-free tool for identification and characterization of AS. IsoSplitter is developed and implemented in Python 3.5 using the Linux platform and is freely available at https://github.com/Hengfu-Yin/IsoSplitter.
Eξ αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση & Αναπαραστασιακά Συστήματα στα Μαθηματικά στην Εποχή του covid-19
Authors: Χιονίδου-Μοσκοφόγλου1 Μαρία , Κέκερης Γιώργος , Σπανός Δημήτριος , Δηλμπεράκη Χρυσάνθη , Σεχίδης Ιωάννης , Κουβαρά Ειρήνη , Τζιούφας Νικόλαος
Published: May 2021

Στο μάθημα Εφαρμοσμένη Διδακτική των Μαθηματικών, στο τελευταίο εξάμηνο του τέταρτου έτους του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης του Πανεπιστημίου Αιγαίου, λόγω της διακοπής της δια ζώσης διδασκαλίας, αναζητήθηκαν μέθοδοι διδακτικής προσέγγισης στα Μαθηματικά, οι οποίες αξιοποιούν Ψηφιακές Τεχνολογίες και έχουν πρόσθετη παιδαγωγική αξία. Σκοπός ήταν να δημιουργηθούν πολλαπλές αναπαραστασιακές μορφές μαθηματικών δραστηριοτήτων σε σχέση με τα διαφορετικά στυλ μάθησης των φοιτητών/τριών, αξιοποιώντας διάφορα λογισμικά μοντέλα στη διδασκαλία, ώστε να δημιουργηθούν  νέοι τύποι ευκαιριών μάθησης, εμπλουτίζοντας την τυπική μάθηση. Οι φοιτητές/τριες εργάστηκαν σε ένα τεχνολογικό περιβάλλον, το οποίο περιελάμβανε το λογισμικό ανοιχτού κώδικα ΒigBlueButton, το ηλεκτρονικό ταχυδρομείο και την πλατφόρμα Moodle, ως πληροφοριακό σύστημα διαχείρισης του μαθήματος. Αξιοποιώντας το ενοποιητικό μοντέλο αναπαραστατικών συστημάτων HUMoRS (Humanitarian unified model of representational systems (Χιονίδου-Μοσκοφόγλου, Βαμβουλή 2020)) χρησιμοποιώντας λογισμικά μοντέλα (Autodesksketchbook και PowToon) και εργαλεία της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης, όπως το Webex, μετασχηματίστηκαν δραστηριότητες σε πολλαπλές αναπαραστάσεις. Συγκεκριμένα, μαθηματικά προβλήματα και δραστηριότητες, αναφορικά με τον κορονοϊό (covid-19), επεξεργάστηκαν, με σκοπό τη σύνδεσή τους με ύλη των Μαθηματικών της ΣΤ΄ τάξης. Στις παραπάνω διαδικασίες συμμετείχαν και δύο δασκάλες ΠΕ70,οι οποίες ανήρτησαν στις ηλεκτρονικές τους τάξεις τα δύο μετασχηματισμένα προβλήματα γύρω από τον covid-19 και τα επεξεργάστηκαν με τους μαθητές/τριες τους, με σκοπό να δώσουν νόημα στην μαθηματική γνώση, σε σχέση με κοινωνικά θέματα για την εξάπλωση του ιού. Η μέθοδος που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ήταν ποιοτική, καθώς η παρέμβαση από τις δασκάλες αξιολογήθηκε μέσω ημιδομημένων συνεντεύξεων, όπου επισημάνθηκαν τα θετικά στοιχεία, όπως ο ενθουσιασμός των μαθητών/τριών, αλλά και αρνητικά στοιχεία, που οφείλονταν κυρίως στο γεγονός πως η εξ αποστάσεως διδασκαλία δεν είναι τόσο εύκολο να εφαρμοστεί από εκπαιδευτικούς που δεν έχουν την κατάλληλη κατάρτιση και επιμόρφωση.
Η διαχείριση της κρίσης του Covid-19 στα Ιδιωτικά Εκπαιδευτήρια Ρόδου «Πυθαγόρας»
Authors: Σπύρου Σπύρος , Αντωνιάδης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: May 2021

Η ανακοίνωση για το κλείσιμο των σχολείων στις 10 Μαρτίου 2020 εξαιτίας του covid-19 τάραξε τα νερά στην ελληνική εκπαιδευτική πραγματικότητα. Στα Ιδιωτικά Εκπαιδευτήρια Ρόδου «Πυθαγόρας» η επόμενη μέρα της ανακοίνωσης βρήκε διοίκηση, εκπαιδευτικούς, μαθητές/τριες κατά κάποιο τρόπο έτοιμους για τη διαχείριση της νέας αυτής εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας αφού λειτουργούσαν ήδη ψηφιακά εργαλεία ασύγχρονης και σύγχρονης εξ αποστάσεως διδασκαλίας σε όλες τις βαθμίδες. Παρά το γεγονός αυτό και λόγω της αναγκαιότητας για καθολική  πλέον εξ αποστάσεως λειτουργία όλων των εκπαιδευτικών θεμάτων, έγιναν σημαντικές προσαρμογές. Οι προσαρμογές αυτές ήταν διαφορετικές στις δύο περιόδους της πανδημίας. Α΄ Περίοδος: Αποκλειστική εξ αποστάσεως λειτουργία (αναστολή λειτουργίας βαθμίδων), Β΄ Περίοδος: Παράλληλη δια ζώσης και εξ αποστάσεως λειτουργία (άνοιγμα σχολείων). Στην εισήγησή παρουσιάζονται όλα τα λειτουργικά προγράμματα και οι δράσεις (π.χ. ψηφιακά εργαλεία, ερωτηματολόγια, εμπλουτισμός διαδικασιών κ.λπ)  για κάθε φάση ξεχωριστά. Οι στόχοι που τέθηκαν για τη ριζική αναδιοργάνωση αφορούσαν τους παρακάτω τομείς:  Ομαλή συνέχεια της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας (ύλη, επαναλήψεις κ.λπ), Επίτευξη διαδραστικότητας εκπαιδευτικών – μαθητών, Επικοινωνία, Ψυχολογική υποστήριξη. Η παρούσα εισήγηση αποτελεί μία πρακτική διαχείρισης κρίσεων (όπως του covid-19), η όποια υιοθετήθηκε από τα Ιδ. Εκπαιδευτήρια Πυθαγόρας και είχε θετικότατα αποτελέσματα με σημαντικότερο όλων την επίτευξη του… «Τόσο μακριά… τόσο κοντά!»
Η εκπαίδευση εν μέσω πανδημίας: Διεθνείς πρακτικές
Authors: Σφακιωτάκη Κυριακή (Κορίνα)
Published: May 2021

Η πρόσφατη πανδημία η οποία έπληξε πολλές περιοχές του πλανήτη, αποτέλεσε για τον εκπαιδευτικό κόσμο πεμπτουσία πρόκλησης και προσαρμογής σε νέα δεδομένα σε πολύ σύντομο χρονικό διάστημα. Το τοπίο της εκπαίδευσης κλήθηκε να μετασχηματιστεί χωρίς πρότερη εμπειρία, υποδομή ή καθοδήγηση. Διαφορετικές χώρες παγκοσμίως εφάρμοσαν ποικίλες λύσεις προκειμένου να συνεχιστεί απρόσκοπτα η εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία μέσα από μία ταχεία πορεία σχεδιασμού και υλοποίησης στο περιβάλλον της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης. Στο παρόν άρθρο επιχειρείται η παρουσίαση ψηφιακών εργαλείων όπως αυτά χρησιμοποιήθηκαν από ποικίλες σχολικές δομές του εξωτερικού ή προτάθηκαν από παγκόσμιους οργανισμούς. Ταυτόχρονα, αναδεικνύονται στρατηγικές που ακολουθήθηκαν τόσο από οργανισμούς όσο και από εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα στο σχεδιασμό και την αντιμετώπιση των εκπαιδευτικών απαιτήσεων σε ένα πλαίσιο το οποίο χαρακτηρίζεται από την ανάγκη αλληλεπίδρασης των εμπλεκομένων. Επιπλέον, καταγράφονται πρακτικές άλλων χωρών που προσβλήθηκαν από την πανδημία και κλήθηκαν να προσαρμόσουν «βίαια» την εκπαιδευτική τους πορεία σε νέα δεδομένα. Επιπλέον, αναδεικνύεται ο σημαντικός ρόλος που διαδραματίζει η ανάγκη υποστήριξης και ενημέρωσης του στενού οικογενειακού περιβάλλοντος σε σχέση με τις αλλαγές και καινοτομίες στο σχεδιασμό του νέου εκπαιδευτικού περιβάλλοντος του οποίου η ανάπτυξη κρίνεται πλέον απαραίτητη. Στόχος είναι η προσπάθεια επιπλέον ενημέρωσης σε ένα πλαίσιο υποστήριξης διδασκόντων και διδασκομένων κατά τη διάρκεια της διδακτικής/ μαθησιακής τους πορείας.
Effect of snail mucus on angiogenesis during wound healing
Authors: Rosanto Yosaphat Bayu , Hasan Cahya Yustisia , Rahardjo Rahardjo , Pangestiningsih Tri Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Background: Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from existing ones. This process plays an important role in supplying the oxygen and nutrients needed for cellular metabolism and eliminating cell debris during wound healing. Snail mucus can bind to several factors that stimulate angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor. The aim of this study is to observe changes in angiogenesis during the healing of wounds topically applied with snail mucus.

Methods: Punch biopsy was performed on the back of male Wistar rats to obtain four wounds, and different concentrations of snail mucus were applied to each of these wounds. The animals were sacrificed on days 2, 4, and 7 to observe the extent of angiogenesis during wound healing by microscopy.

Results: Two-way ANOVA showed differences in number of blood vessels formed (p = 0.00) and day of observation (p = 0.00) between groups. Post hoc Tukey’s HSD test showed that 24% snail mucus treatment does not significantly affect wound healing (p = 0.488); by contrast, treatment with 48% and 96% snail mucus demonstrated significant effects on angiogenesis (p = 0.01). Spearman’s test showed interactive effects between snail mucus concentration and day of observation on the extent of angiogenesis (p = 0.001, R = 0.946).

Conclusion: Topical application of snail mucus gel can increase angiogenesis during wound healing in Wistar rat skin.
Host plants and distribution records of lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Sousa Ester Marques de , Louzeiro Léo Rodrigo Ferreira , Strikis Pedro Carlos , Souza-Filho Miguel Francisco , Raga Adalton
Published: May 2021

The knowledge of host plants, distribution and economic importance of Lonchaeidae is scarce in Latin America. We have recovered specimens of Lonchaeidae from most fruit samples containing specimens of Tephritidae. The compilation of information is essential to determine the diversity of species and the relationship with their hosts. In addition to the list of records based on early publications, we add unpublished data of Lonchaeids recovered from plant samples collected in the Instituto Biológico, São Paulo, Brazil. In total, 18 species of Lonchaeidae, belonging to the genera Dasiops, Lonchaea and Neosilba were registered in São Paulo, and associated with 111 host plant species and 27 botanical families. New records are listed and geographical distribution is available by specific maps.
La descortesía en el debate electoral cara a cara
Authors: Fernández García Francisco
Published: May 2021

El debate electoral cara a cara es, probablemente, la máxima expresión mediática de las democracias modernas. Ante millones de espectadores, los candidatos se juegan en él buena parte de sus opciones de victoria, en una batalla dialéctica articulada en torno a dos claves esenciales: la defensa de las propias posiciones y el ataque contra las del adversario. El presente libro, desde el anclaje teórico de la (des)cortesía lingüística, se centra en la segunda de dichas vertientes del debate, la vertiente destructiva, presentando las estrategias y los mecanismos de los que se sirven los oradores para dañar la imagen del adversario ante las audiencias y tratar de alejarlo, de este modo, de la victoria electoral. Dicha exposición parte de un análisis minucioso y sistemático del cara a cara que enfrentó a Mariano Rajoy y Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba en la campaña previa a las elecciones generales españolas de noviembre de 2011.
Optimal Screening of Populations with Heterogeneous Risk Profiles Under the Availability of Multiple Tests
Authors: Aprahamian Hrayer , El-Amine Hadi
Published: May 2021

We study the design of large-scale group testing schemes under a heterogeneous population (i.e., subjects with potentially different risk) and with the availability of multiple tests. The objective is to classify the population as positive or negative for a given binary characteristic (e.g., the presence of an infectious disease) as efficiently and accurately as possible. Our approach examines components often neglected in the literature, such as the dependence of testing cost on the group size and the possibility of no testing, which are especially relevant within a heterogeneous setting. By developing key structural properties of the resulting optimization problem, we are able to reduce it to a network flow problem under a specific, yet not too restrictive, objective function. We then provide results that facilitate the construction of the resulting graph and finally provide a polynomial time algorithm. Our case study, on the screening of HIV in the United States, demonstrates the substantial benefits of the proposed approach over conventional screening methods.

Summary of Contribution: This paper studies the problem of testing heterogeneous populations in groups in order to reduce costs and hence allow for the use of more efficient tests for high-risk groups. The resulting problem is a difficult combinatorial optimization problem that is NP-complete under a general objective. Using structural properties specific to our objective function, we show that the problem can be cast as a network flow problem and provide a polynomial time algorithm.
DOSSIÊ NEF - APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Tabosa Adriana Santos , Ramos José Portugal dos Santos , Oliveira Wagner Teles de
Published: May 2021

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REFLEXÕES SOBRE A CARTA DE EPICURO A MENECEU: FELICIDADE COMO BEM AVENTURANÇA
Authors: Sousa Ágabo Borges de
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: Um dos temas mais importantes da Carta de Epicuro a Meneceu é a felicidade. Epicuro discute este tema ressaltando várias expressões, que não vemos claramente refletida nas traduções; por isso, faz-se necessário apresentar e discutir a compreensão de felicidade dessa carta, com base nesta diversidade expressões usadas por Epicuro. Para tanto, buscamos apresentar o ponto de partida de Epicuro, para entender sua proposta de caminho para a felicidade. Epicuro parte de uma comparação da existência humana com a vida dos deuses, mostrando a bem aventurança desses. Considerando que sua filosofia é um caminho para uma vida feliz, destaca-se seu caráter prático, como uma forma de chegar à vida bem aventurada, que, em sua compreensão, é o ponto mais alto da existência humana.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Epicuro. Carta a Meneceu. Felicidade. ABSTRACT: One of the most important themes in the Letter from Epicurus to Menoeceus is happiness. Epicurus discusses this theme, emphasizing several expressions, which we do not see clearly reflected in the translations; therefore, it is necessary to present and discuss the understanding of happiness in this letter, based on this diversity of expressions used by Epicurus. We seek to present Epicurus' starting point, to understand his proposal of the path to happiness. Epicurus starts from a comparison of human existence with the life of the gods, showing their bliss. Considering that his philosophy is a path to a happy life, his practical character stands out as a way of reaching a blissful life, which, in his understanding, is the highest point of human existence.KEYWORDS: Epicurus. Letter to Menoeceus. Happiness.
VALORES, O ABSOLUTO E O PONTO DE VISTA LÓGICO DO TRACTATUS
Authors: Oliveira Wagner Teles de
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: O projeto epistemológico do positivismo lógico é claramente inspirado na análise proposicional feita pelo Tractatus. Em certo sentido, esse projeto é uma exploração da identificação da distinção fato/valor com a distinção necessidade/contingência, da qual resulta o veredito segundo o qual a linguagem não abarca a expressão de valores. O Tractatus está de acordo com esse diagnóstico, mas reserva um lugar especial para o transcendente, ao contrário do positivismo lógico que apenas o extirpa do âmbito da expressão significativa.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Wittgenstein, positivismo lógico, lógica, ética, estética.ABSTRACT: The epistemological project of logical positivism is clearly inspired by the propositional analysis carried out by the Tractatus. In a certain sense, this project identifies the fact/value distinction with the necessity/contingency distinction, which grounds the vindication that language does not convey the expression of values. The Tractatus is in accordance with this vindication, granting a special place for the transcendent as opposed to the logical positivism, which is limited to exclude it from the scope of meaningful expression.KEYWORDS: Wittgenstein, logical positivism, logic, ethics, aesthetics.
AS MARCAS DA OPRESSÃO: A AUSÊNCIA DAS PENSADORAS NOS LIVROS DE FILOSOFIA À LUZ DO PENSAMENTO DE IRIS MARION YOUNG
Authors: Pereira Taís
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a ausência das filósofas nos livros didáticos da área, voltados para o Ensino Médio, a partir do aporte conceitual da teoria da justiça de Iris Young. Ao percorrer livros de diferentes linhas filosófico-pedagógicas, verifica-se que não há lugar de destaque para as pensadoras, implicando a visão errônea entre os estudantes de que a Filosofia é realizada apenas por homens. Se se assume que a formação é constituída pelas interações sociais, marcadas por relações que promovem a justiça ou a injustiça, é também papel da educação desenvolver a conscientização acerca de diferentes formas de opressão enraizadas, como é o caso das mulheres. Assim, uma teoria cujo foco não seja as condições de legitimidade de instituições, como é o caso de Young, pode lançar luz sobre como a injustiça estrutural que permeia vários âmbitos da vida social, dentre eles o ensino de Filosofia na educação básica. A fim de melhor sistematizar o percurso argumentativo do texto, será necessário 1) apresentar a ausência das filósofas nos livros didáticos aprovados pelo PNLD; 2) recorrer aos conceitos de grupo social e opressão em Young; 3) articular em que medida os livros didáticos refletem uma condição estrutural de opressão.
DAMARIS CUDWORTH MASHAM: O DEBATE FILOSÓFICO NA MODERNIDADE
Authors: Marinho Arthur Leandro da Silva
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo é apresentado o pensamento da filósofa Damaris Cudworth Masham. Suas ideias filosóficas é uma resposta as principais teses filosóficas da Inglaterra no século XVII. Foi influenciada pelas teses do grupo dos platonistas de Cambridge e pelo pensamento de Locke. Damaris Cudworth Masham teve um pensamento filosófico inovador e nosso objetivo é fazer uma breve exposição do seu pensamento. Nosso ponto de partida foi uma reconstituição das principais questões filosóficas do contexto histórico de Damaris Masham. Também apresentamos o debate entre Damaris e Leibniz e aqui expomos as principais teses filosóficas discutidas entre eles. Trata-se de um debate importante para compreensão da metafísica do século XVII. Neste debate, Leibniz esmiúça as principais teses do seu sistema filosófico com intuito de persuadir Damaris Masham. É curioso como ela expõe suas críticas as teses de Leibniz e desenvolve suas teses originárias e críticas a respeito dos argumentos apresentados por Leibniz. Damaris não se está convencida das teses apresentadas, o que permite afirmar que a correspondência seja instigante e provocadora. Ao fim deste artigo, esperamos que seja possível uma compreensão ampla do legado filosófico de Damaris Cudworth na modernidade.
A LIBERDADE DA FILÓSOFA ANGELA DAVIS
Authors: Dos Santos Simone Borges , Sampaio Alan da Silva
Published: May 2021

ResumoAqui, nos perguntamos pelo significado de liberdade na obra da filósofa Angela. Primeiro, mostramos a centralidade do conceito e o caráter singular de seus livros. Na sequência, seus aspectos mais decisivos, a saber, seu cosmopolitismo, o modo como ela estabelece conexões entre singulares e os situa no campo do universal; o papel desempenhado pelos movimentos populares na libertação de presos políticos na expansão da consciência de liberdade; a importância da imaginação em todo processo de libertação.Palavras-Chave: Angela Davis; Liberdade; Solidariedade. AbstractHere, we ask ourselves about the meaning of freedom in the work of Angela's films. First, we show the centrality of the concept and the unique character of his books. Then, its most decisive aspects, a saber, its cosmopolitanism, the way it establishes connections between singulars and the cases in which the field is not universal; the role played by popular movements in the release of political prisoners in expanding awareness of freedom; the importance of imagination in the liberation process.Key words: Angela Davis; Freedom; Solidarity.
FILÓSOFAS EM TEMPOS SOMBRIOS
Authors: Da Rosa Graziela Rinaldi
Published: May 2021

Escrever para um dossiê sobre as filósofas em meio a uma crise mundial, e uma pandemia foi um grande desafio. Decidi escrever sobre algumas filósofas que dedicaram suas vidas para lutar por um mundo melhor, além de denunciar alguns problemas da sociedade que viviam. Filósofas que viveram em meio ao caos, como guerras, altos índices de mortalidade, conflitos étnicos, governos fascistas, ditaduras, e nos deixaram seus escritos como legado. Trata de um ensaio, inspirado em pesquisas sobre as mulheres na Filosofia, e as relações de gênero na filosofia, que tenho desenvolvido desde a década de 90, quando ainda não tínhamos grupos de trabalhos sobre Gênero e Filosofia em associações filosóficas e haviam pouquíssimas publicações no Brasil sobre o tema. Trata de um texto inédito, contextualizado com o momento atual, em meio a uma pandemia, que já somam mais de cinquenta e sete mil mortos no Brasil, cabendo a nós, perguntarmos, o que as filósofas tem a nos dizer e nos ensinar sobre viver em tempos sombrios? Palavras-chave: Filósofas. Crise. Filosofia e Epistemologias feministas.
EDIÇÃO DO CADERNO FOTOCOPIADO 1, DE EULÁLIO MOTTA
Authors: Santos Ananda Paiva
Published: May 2021

O escritor baiano Eulálio de Miranda Motta organizou e preservou um rico acervo de documentos pessoas que contém diversas obras literárias inéditas. Com o intuito de publicar tais obras, está sendo desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana o projeto de pesquisa Edição das obras inéditas de Eulálio Motta. Mas, para que as obras inéditas sejam publicadas, faz-se necessário editar os textos nos quais estão preservados os testemunhos de tais obras. Segundo Barreiros (2015), os cadernos do escritor são as principais fontes para se chegar a sua obra inédita. É nesse sentido que se propõe editar o Caderno fotocopiado 1, com o objetivo de identificar os testemunhos das obras inéditas do escritor e documentos paratextuais que possam elucidar tais projetos.O Caderno Fotocopiado 1 de Eulálio Motta, trata-se já da digitalização do original que desapareceu ainda quando o acervo estava na casa onde o escritor viveu, em Mundo Novo. A fotocópia colorida encontra-se encadernada em espiral, com uma capa plástica azul transparente, contém 44 páginas, com textos manuscritos em tinta azul, preta e vermelha. Os textos estão datados de 1949 até 1955. A descrição do caderno permitiu compreender o seu conteúdo, dimensionar a quantidade de textos, suas tipologias e temáticas. O caráter crítico e ferrenho do autor diante da situação social, não só da cidade a qual pertencia, mas também da precariedade das políticas públicas do país, são pontos interessantes que os textos do Caderno fotocopiado 1 trouxeram à luz no processo da edição. Dado esses avanços no entendimento da memória sobre o olhar de um autor ímpar para a sua época, atribui – se inquestionáveis avanços nos campos linguísticos e históricos do país.