bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nouvelles données sur l’occupation du haut Moyen Âge en Dardanie
Authors: Përzhita Luan
Published: March 2023

L’étude s’appuie sur les données archéologiques nouvelles offertes par les projets menés au Kosovo occidental entre 2000 et 2006. On tente pour la première fois de constituer une typologie soucieuse de chronologie des sites fortifiés du Moyen Âge, situés sur les principaux axes routiers reliant l’Adriatique à l’intérieur des Balkans. La classification s’intéresse au réseau des sites ruraux et des fortifications simples pourvus d’une tour de guet. L’accent est également mis sur les transformations des structures administratives et religieuses en Dardanie entre l’Antiquité tardive et le haut Moyen Âge. Un dernier élément pris en considération est la culture matérielle des nécropoles des VIe-VIIIe et des IXe-XIIe siècles. Âge. Un dernier élément pris en considération est la culture matérielle des nécropoles des VIe-VIIIe et des IXe-XIIe siècles.
L’exploitation de l’alun en Toscane au début du XVIe siècle : l’alunière de Monterotondo et la société de Rinaldo Tolomei
Authors: Chareille Pascal , Boisseuil Didier
Published: March 2023

À travers l’analyse d’une comptabilité d’entreprise siennoise inédite, l’article se propose d’étudier les modes d’exploitation d’une alunière toscane du tout début du XVIe siècle à Monterotondo Marittimo (GR). La découverte et les premières phases d’utilisation du gisement d’alunite sur le territoire de cette commune, à la fin du XVe siècle, sont tout d’abord rappelées, puis le propos se concentre sur les modes de production que révèlent les différentes pièces comptables. Une attention particulière est portée aux procédés techniques mis en oeuvre, aux acteurs de l’entreprise, à l’ampleur de la production et à son interruption en 1508. L’analyse discute les données textuelles à la lumière du Della Pirotechnia du siennois Vannoccio Biringucci. Réalisée au début du Cinquecento, cette oeuvre est, en effet, la première à détailler les modalités matérielles de la production d’alun en Occident.
Autour de l’édition du Registrum Petri Diaconi. Problèmes de documentation cassinésienne : chartes, rouleaux, registre
Authors: Chastang Pierre , Feller Laurent , Martin Jean-Marie
Published: March 2023

Le Registrum Petri Diaconi, cartulaire général du Mont-Cassin compilé entre 1131 et 1133, dont on prépare l’édition, a déjà été mis en rapports avec les

Chronica monasterii Casinensis. Il est, en outre, le seul des grands cartulaires compilés à cette époque dans l’Italie centro-méridionale que l’on peut confronter aux archives de l’abbaye, dont l’essentiel a été préservé. Environ 160 des 716 documents qu’il contient sont encore conservés en originaux, d’autres sous la forme de copies anciennes, dont certaines se trouvent dans des registres et autres manuscrits de l’abbaye, qui possède également d’importantes compilations du XVIIIe siècle. On en donne la liste. La comparaison permet d’évaluer précisément le travail des compilateurs. On peut encore le confronter aux regestes contenus dans deux rotuli conservés à l’Archivio, qui lui sont pratiquement contemporains. Le rotulus V2, sans doute compilé sous la direction de Pierre Diacre, contient les regestes de 320 documents. Il a la même organisation générale que le cartulaire, dans lequel sont copiés, pratiquement dans le même ordre, les documents qu’il enregistre. Il est donc l’un des modèles suivis pour établir le cartulaire. En outre, son analyse permet de diviser ce dernier en sections, chacune sans doute confiée à un groupe de scribes ; certaines suivent V2, d’autres ont dû prendre d’autres modèles. On donne une édition du rotulus V 2 et un tableau de correspondance entre le contenu du rouleau et celui du Registrum Petri Diaconi. registres et autres manuscrits de l’abbaye, qui possède également d’importantes compilations du XVIIIe siècle. On en donne la liste. La comparaison permet d’évaluer précisément le travail des compilateurs. On peut encore le confronter aux regestes contenus dans deux rotuli conservés à l’Archivio, qui lui sont pratiquement contemporains. Le rotulus V2, sans doute compilé sous la direction de Pierre Diacre, contient les regestes de 320 documents. Il a la même organisation générale que le cartulaire, dans lequel sont copiés, pratiquement dans le même ordre, les documents qu’il enregistre. Il est donc l’un des modèles suivis pour établir le cartulaire. En outre, son analyse permet de diviser ce dernier en sections, chacune sans doute confiée à un groupe de scribes ; certaines suivent V2, d’autres ont dû prendre d’autres modèles. On donne une édition du rotulus V 2 et un tableau de correspondance entre le contenu du rouleau et celui du Registrum Petri Diaconi.
Ricerche sullo stato tardomedievale in Italia e in Francia negli ultimi quarant’anni
Authors: Varanini Gian Maria
Published: March 2023

Il saggio espone sinteticamente i principali filoni di ricerca che le due storiografie nazionali hanno sviluppato negli ultimi decenni riguardo alle caratteristiche degli stati regionali tre-quattrocenteschi e della monarchia francese. Vengono individuate alcune tematiche innovative, presenti al di qua e al di là delle Alpi : in particolare quelle legate all’amministrazione della giustizia e alla ‘immagine’ del potere. Nel complesso, tuttavia, l’intensità dei «regards croisés» non è stata grande : la medievistica francese che si dedica al tardo medioevo italiano predilige in linea di massima l’età comunale e il medioevo cittadino, la medievistica italiana non si appassiona molto alla storia del regno di Francia.
EFISIENSI PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA DENGAN METODE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) SEBAGAI PERTIMBANGAN KINERJA PERBANKAN
Authors: Muarief Ridho , Miranti Miranti
Published: March 2023

To implement sound banking principles, the assessment of bank efficiency is very important. This is because efficiency is a picture of a bank's performance as well as a factor that must be considered by the bank to act rationally in minimizing the level of risk faced in dealing with its operational activities. This study aims to measure the relative efficiency of banks in Indonesia using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology based on the intermediation approach. The research samples are Mandiri, BRI, BNI, BCA, and BTN. DEA is a methodology with a non-parametric-deterministic approach that aims to determine the relative efficiency and managerial performance, based on empirical data by determining the input and output of a UPK (Decision Making Unit). The results showed that BNI was relatively inefficient during the study years. Bank Mandiri was efficient in 2013. BCA was relatively inefficient during the study years. BRI experienced perfect efficiency level in 2013. BTN experienced perfect efficiency level from year to year. Overall, the commercial banks that are widely referenced by other commercial banks are BRI in 2011, BTN, BNI, and Bank Mandiri in 2013. The summary of potential improvement shows that the combined sources of inefficiency in banks are revenue needs to be increased by 35.58% and credit needs to be increased by 31.83%. While deposits need to be reduced by 9.49%, total assets need to be reduced by 1.51%, and interest expenses reduced by 21.48%.

Key words: Banking, Efficiency, DEA Methodology Approach.
A study on “Bi Qi Zhi Zi (彼其之子)” in The Book of Odes (詩經)
Authors:   The Institute of Humanities at Soonchunhyang University, Park Jaehee
Published: March 2023

Interpretations of “彼其之子” in The Book of Odes(詩經) have varied throughout the ages. Among “彼其之子”, the interpretation of the character ‘Qi(其)’ is at the center of controversy. There are three main views on ‘Qi(其)’. The first is the view that sees ‘Qi(其)’ as an auxiliary word and understands ‘ZhiZi(之子)’ as ‘this person(此子)’. However, this interpretation has a problem in that ‘that(彼)’ and ‘this(此)’ collide in meaning. The second is the view that ‘Qi(其)’ is a paired syllable demonstrative pronoun associated with ‘Bi(彼)’. However, judging from the grammatical habits of The Book of Odes, this view is also not appropriate, since ‘ZhiZi(之子)’ in “彼其之子” is interpreted as ‘a descendant of ~’. The third is the view of ‘Qi(其)’ as “family name or clan (姓氏)”. This view is persuasive enough based on archaeological data and literature. However, from this point of view, ‘Qi clan(其氏)’ is understood as a descendant of ‘Qi(㠱·其) clan’ in Shang(商) dynasty, but the ‘Qi clan (其氏)’, as a separate existence from ‘Qi(㠱·其) clan’ in Shang(商) dynasty, is understood as ‘Qi(㠱·其) clan’ in branch of Jiang(姜) family, arose in Western Zhou(西周) period and had a close relationship with the royal family of Zhou(周) and neighboring states of Ji(姬) family. This coincides with the appearance of “彼其之子” as an aristocratic ruling class in The Book of Odes.
Silver nanoparticles’ incorporation in spider silk (Paraphidippus aurantius) for therapeutic purposes
Authors: Granados Olvera Jorge Alberto , Vargas-Solano Zaira , Rangel-Ruiz Karelia Liliana , Ramirez-Herrera Sandra Teresa
Published: March 2023

Spiders produce a wide range of multipurpose silk fibers that are composed of Fibroin (Xiaonan et.al., 2016) with hydrophilic, biodegradable, biocompatible and high-strength properties. On the other hand, silver nanoparticles have remarkable properties, and their morphology can be controlled and strongly influenced by the experimental conditions, generating an effect on their antimicrobial capacity. The present work proposes a successful experimental sequence for the incorporation process of Silver Nanoparticles synthesized from Aloe Vera extract in Spider (Paraphidippus aurantius) silk. Once the spider web is clean and sanitized, it is submerged in a solution of Silver Nanoparticles (Solomon et al., 2007), to be subjected to sonication in order to achieve incorporation.
Implementation of a workbench platform for the management of smart contracts in BlockChain nodes on Azure Cloud
Authors: Daniel-Martínez Wendy , Santana-Valadez Luis Alejandro , Zamudio-García Víctor Manuel , Hernández-Pérez Faride
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Analyze, design and build backend components (web API, XML web service and database) and frontend (website) with Microsoft technology that allow the integration of a functional workbench platform to automate the launch of compiled smart contracts in blockchain nodes hosted in Azure Cloud so that they can be used by companies in general. Methodology: The SCRUM methodology was applied for the agile development of the technological products of the backend and frontend, because it adapted very well to the nature of this research, since in each iteration there was always an update of the tools, programming components, testing and configuring services to achieve goals. Contribution: It is shown that the development platform integrated by the solidity language, Azure cloud blockchain, the Visual Studio .Net IDE and the SQL Server database manager allowed to design and build a blockchain workbench platform easily exploitable by companies to validate their processes and generate transparency in the handling of their information.
Vídeo de prácticas propiedades coligativas: aumento ebulloscópico (urea)
Authors: Moreno Tejera Sara , Pérez Aparicio Elena , Larrañeta Gómez-Caminero Miguel , Lillo Bravo Isidoro , Silva Pérez Manuel Antonio
Published: March 2023

Vídeo en el que se reproduce al detalle los pasos a seguir para el desarrollo de una práctica de propiedades coligativas. El objetivo de la práctica es observar el aumento ebulloscópico que experimenta el agua al mezclarse con diferentes cantidades de urea. Para ello en el vídeo, además de describirse el procedimiento y los elementos necesarios para desarrollar la práctica, se muestran los datos numéricos necesarios para poder calcular experimentalmente la constante de ebullición del agua.

Ese recurso está dirigido a los estudiantes de la asignatura termodinámica de las titulaciones Grado en Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriales, Grado en Ingeniería Química y Grado en Ingeniería de la Energía.

Además de en estas asignaturas, el estudio de las propiedades coligativas está incluido en el programa de otros grados y asignaturas como Física, Química, Materiales, etc. Por ello, este recurso podría ser utilizado en estos otros ámbitos.

Es idóneo para explicar experimentalmente el comportamiento de la temperatura de ebullición de diferentes sustancias simples o disolventes al añadirle diferentes solutos. Cuando una sustancia se disuelve en un disolvente, aparecen fuerzas adicionales que deben ser superadas por las moléculas del disolvente para poder pasar a la fase vapor. Por lo tanto, la energía necesaria para evaporar las mismas moléculas de la disolución es mayor que en el disolvente puro. Esto se traduce en un aumento de la temperatura de ebullición característica de cada disolvente que se puede caracterizar a partir de su constante ebulloscópica.
TRATAMIENTO QUIRÚRGICO DEL LEIOMIOSARCOMA DE VENA CAVA INFERIOR.
Authors: Aparicio-López Daniel , Ruiz Quijano Pablo , Recio Cabrera Adoración , Ligorred Padilla Luis A.
Published: March 2023

Introducción: La baja incidencia del leiomiosarcoma de la vena cava inferior dificulta tanto la estandarización del diagnóstico como el tratamiento.Objetivo: Presentar el manejo realizado en nuestro centro de un paciente que desarrolló un leiomiosarcoma de vena cava inferior, una patología de baja incidencia y que las posibilidades de realizar un rescate quirúrgico son muy bajas.Resultados: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 54 años con una tumoración sólida en porción infrarrenal y yuxtarrenal de vena cava inferior de 71x76x117 mm compatible con leiomiosarcoma de vena cava, con infiltración de uréter derecho que ocasiona uropatía obstructiva derecha grado I-II sin alteración de la función renal; que fue resecada y reconstruida mediante prótesis sin complicaciones.Discusión: Se discute la fisiopatología, el diagnóstico y manejo en relación con el caso presentado.Conclusión: la baja incidencia de estos tumores dificulta tanto la estandarización del diagnóstico como del tratamiento, aunque la cirugía sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección.
Componentes ético-clínicos presentes en la indicación de tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama según edad de diagnóstico
Authors: Camacho Neira Jamile , Barriga Schneeberger Carolina , Ruiz Rozas Daniela , Luco Canales Lorna , Pincheira Toran Pia , Cadiz Val Fernando , Roman Lucero Eugenio
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar si existen diferencias basadas en la edad en la aproximación diagnóstica y de tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Se analizan aspectos éticos, como justicia, beneficencia y autonomía, en relación a la toma de decisiones.Material y método: Estudio descriptivo cuantitativo y corresponde a un análisis retrospectivo de la base de datos del Centro de la Mama de Clínica Alemana de Santiago, en la que se analiza información de las mujeres de 70 años o más en relación a motivo consulta, estadio de la enfermedad al momento del diagnóstico y tratamientos recibidos y se la compara con la obtenida del grupo de mujeres menores de 70 años.Resultados: No hay diferencia en la oportunidad de la consulta, en el acceso al diagnóstico ni en el tipo de cirugía entre los dos grupos. Existen diferencias significativas en relación a la indicación de tratamientos adyuvantes como quimioterapia, radioterapia y hormonoterapia. El grupo de mujeres mayores de 70 años reciben menos terapias que las mujeres de menor edad. No existe información respecto a los motivos que expliquen esta diferencia.Discusión: Actualmente mujeres mayores se encuentran en buenas condiciones generales, con una expectativa de vida mayor a 75 años. Es importante tratar sus enfermedades sin limitar a priori el acceso a protocolos de tratamiento, evitando la discriminación por edad.Conclusión: Se propone incorporar una evaluación geriátrica protocolizada con el  objetivo de mejorar la  atención de este grupo etario, preservando de esta manera los principios de justicia, beneficencia y autonomía en pacientes mayores.
Hematoma espontáneo de la vaina de los rectos en paciente con COVID-19 y leucemia mieloide crónica. Reporte de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Campero Martínez José Miguel , Rivera Castro Belén , García Prado Diego Ricardo , Pérez Monteleone Leonardo Ezequiel , Belmar G. Benjamín
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El hematoma de la vaina de los rectos es poco frecuente. En este reporte se presenta un caso clínico de este cuadro en un paciente con neumonía por COVID-19 y leucemia mieloide crónica, junto con una revisión de literatura.Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 55 años, hospitalizado por neumonía por COVID-19 y leucemia mieloide crónica, presenta taquicardia, hipotensión y aumento de volumen abdominal asimétrico. En la tomografía computarizada se evidencia un hematoma de la vaina de los rectos. Se realiza drenaje quirúrgico y control del sangrado. No presentó complicaciones postoperatorias ni necesidad de reoperación.Discusión: Las complicaciones hemorrágicas en pacientes con COVID-19 están poco descritas. El sangrado es una posible complicación en pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica. Es relevante tener en cuenta el hematoma de la vaina de los rectos en pacientes con COVID-19 y/o leucemia mieloide crónica que presenten aumento de volumen abdominal, para un manejo precoz por un equipo multidisciplinario.Conclusión: La vigilancia activa y el alto índice de sospecha son clave para identificar posibles complicaciones hemorrágicas en pacientes con COVID-19 y/o leucemia mieloide crónica.
Psyclub: A Psychology-Based Extracurricular To Improve Mental Health Literacy Of Rural Youth Communities Through Schools
Authors: Syarifah Mumtaz Nadia , Fadzila Rochim Devina , Tsesar Caturjuniandri Myllani
Published: March 2023

Community mental health is a community's ability to adapt or adapt to problems in life in a good and harmonious manner. Nowadays, people with serious mental disorders in Indonesia still experience shackling and mistreatment. Therefore an optimal strategy needs to be implemented for every individual, family and community with a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative approach. This study used the literature review method by examining several literature sources regarding the mental health of rural communities, mental health literacy, and extracurricular activities in schools. Based on the literature review, we found the concept of mental health literacy which is very important to be improved in the community. Mental health literacy itself is defined as the ability to recognize specific disorders, know how to seek mental health information, knowledge about risk factors and causes, knowledge about self-care and seeking available professional help, and attitudes that promote recognition and seek appropriate help. In relation to this matter, we also found the potential of extracurricular activities as a means to improve mental health literacy, more specifically among rural youth who are expected to become mental health agents for their communities. Extracurricular activities are not only believed to influence adolescent behaviors, but they are also thought to have an impact on psychological well-being. Research indicates that activity participation can have two possible effects on psychological wellbeing: either as a deterrent or as a promoter of mental health. The result of this research is a program design of "Psyclub", an extracurricular activity in schools with the aim of developing student character and increasing knowledge and skills regarding mental health through the Mental Health Ambassador program; Contribute Work "Psyclub"; "Psyclub" Daily Challenge (PDC); Peer Counseling; and Lively Psychological Literacy. Suggestions for further research are the improvement of the "Psyclub" program as well as further and in-depth research related to the needs needed by the community, especially junior and senior high school students.
Online Learning and Stress in Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Literature Review
Authors: Sugeng Riyadi Raden
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has not yet ended. Students are required to use online media in the learning process. Changes in online learning methods have resulted in students having to be able to adapt to a new system that has several challenges in its implementation. The effects of changes in learning techniques experienced by students during the COVID-19 pandemic risk causing stress. This study uses the literature review method to determine the impact of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on student stress. There are differences in the impact of online learning in countries and developing countries. Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more students in developing countries experiencing stress than developed countries
Meningkatkan Kapasitas Kader Posyandu dalam Upaya Pencegahan dan Penanganan Stunting
Authors: Ari Setyawati  , Glendy Ariando Salomon  , Nordianiwati Nordianiwati  , Risna Ayu Rahmadani  , Herlina Herlina
Published: March 2023

Stunting is a condition of growth failure in children; prevention has been attempted. One of the efforts is to form community empowerment cadres, namely posyandu cadres. Increasing the capacity of posyandu cadres is a strengthening of health education that can increase knowledge of the condition of individuals, families, and communities while maintaining healthy conditions and playing an active role in realizing optimal health status. This service activity aims to build the capacity of posyandu cadres to prevent and handle stunting. The results of service activities are an increasing understanding of toddler and pregnant women's nutrition seen from monitoring. The conclusion is that posyandu cadres can explain the importance of participating in posyandu activities every month, see the healthy development of toddlers and pregnant women using an interpersonal communication approach, and weigh and measure the baby's head circumference well. The filling of KMS has also been written correctly; this indicates an increase in the ability and skills of posyandu cadres.
A Constitutional Review of the University's Autonomy and the Method of Electing the President of the University: Focusing on U.S. state university governance and presidential election methods and procedures
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Nam Jeong-Ah
Published: March 2023

Article 31 (4) of the Constitution stipulates that the autonomy of universities is guaranteed as prescribed by law. The Constitutional Court said that universities must regulate and control research and education matters through their own rules in order to perform the original tasks of academic research and education, and to this end, universities are given the right to self-government regulation. Universities must have their own authority to establish rules on matters related to university operation through their own decision-making bodies, and the method of electing presidents of universities is also included in this autonomous admission. University autonomy administration means that individual areas closely related to the protection of academic freedom under Article 22 of the Constitution can be maintained and achieved without any national interference under one's responsibility, which is a core area of university autonomy. The first step for universities to become the world's leading universities is to elect a president who represents them well. Regarding the election of the president, it can be said that the major problem is the undemocratic method of the president's election and the lack of communication with university members. Therefore, based on the autonomy of the university, I would like to obtain implications through a comparative legal review that can contribute to the development of the university through a review of the presidential election method. In particular, even in light of the development of university autonomy and democratization, the president's election method should be expanded to expand participatory democracy so that various members of the university, including professors, students, and employees, can participate. In particular, if the new digital environment is actively utilized in the recent accelerating digital transformation era, it can adopt a method that realizes university autonomy and democracy and gives more democratic legitimacy to the president representing the university.
Device for Protection Against Hydraulic Shocks of Multi-Stage Pressure Hydraulic Transport Systems
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Makharadze Leon
Published: March 2023

Pipeline hydrotransport systems began to develop rapidly from the second half of the last century. This was especially the case in the mining and mineral industries, when it was used for hydraulic transportation of loose solid materials. One of the fragments of the fundamental works performed by the author at G. Tsulukidze Mining Institute – the construction performance and working principle of the hydraulic shock protection device of multistage pressure hydraulic transport systems – is reviewed. The construction includes a pneumohydraulic accumulator, the body of which is connected to the suction pipe of the pumping unit through a tube on which a foot is mounted, and the bottom is connected to the necessary pipeline with a transfer pipe. Additionally, reverse valves are installed on the supply pipe and the transfer pipe.
Machine Intelligence in the Service of Human Intelligence
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Namicheishvili Oleg , Gogiashvili Jujuna ,   Georgian Technical University
Published: March 2023

Deep neural networks allow AI to achieve unprecedented levels of accuracy. For example, Alexa, Google Search and Google Photos are powered by deep learning, and the more we use these tools, the more effective they become. In healthcare, the diagnosis of cancerous tumors on MRI images using AI technologies (deep learning, image classification, object recognition) is as accurate as the findings of highly trained radiologists. AI makes it possible to get the most out of the data. With the advent of self-learning algorithms, the data itself becomes intellectual property. The data contains the answers you need – you just need to find them with the help of AI technology. As data is now more important than ever before, it can provide a competitive advantage. When using the same technology in a competitive environment, whoever has the most accurate data will win.
The Study of the Chemical Composition of Underground Waters of Western Georgia in Order to Remove Microcomponents
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Mikava Tamar
Published: March 2023

The field of practical use of the natural wealth of the Kolkhita region and, first of all, underground water is undeniably wide, because the underground water in question is associated with rocks of different lithologies and ages. Accordingly, they are characterized by different chemical composition and physical properties. There are three main types of underground water: fresh water, high-temperature thermal waters, radioactive waters. Water is the most universal and important medium for the migration of chemical elements into the Earth's crust. According to A. Perelman's figurative expression, water is the “blood” of the Earth's crust. Accordingly, all types of natural waters are closely interrelated. They are in continuous movement and renewal, forming a single hydrosphere of the Earth. The extremely high anomalous characteristics of water make it extremely important as a migration environment.
Physical-mechanical Properties of Construction Site Bedrocks of Headworks and Powerhouse of “Khobi 2 HPP” Hydrotechnical Complex
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Tlashadze Giorgi , Gorgidze Levan ,   Georgian Technical University, Natsvlishvili Mamuka ,   Georgian Technical University
Published: March 2023

Modern methods of rock evaluation, such as Rock Quality Index (RQD), Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Rock Mass Classification System (Q), are used within the field of geotechnical surveys. RQD was determined by D.U. Deere in 1963, as a simple classification system of rock mass stability. While using RQD index five classes of rocks (A-E) are determined. Q value can be determined in different ways: during mapping in underground excavations, on the surface or alternatively – on basis of core description. The most accurate values are obtained during underground geological mapping. Dividing the underground excavations into several parts might be required during mapping, so that variation of Q value is moderate in each section, meaning that such variation should not exceed the rock class variation index according to the reinforcement scheme. During excavation works single blasting often represents natural section for individual mapping. A variation may take place in sections of several meters, but for showing this variation histograms can be used during mapping.
Relationship Between the Behavior and Diet of Chronic Kidney Failure Patients at Johor Health Center
Authors: Sihaloho Roy Wilson
Published: March 2023

Chronic renal failure is a clinical syndrome caused by the annual reduced renal function, progressively and generally irreversible. Renal failure has GFR (Glomerulus Filtration Rate) < 15 ml/minutes needed therapy for change the function of renal. The effective of act as therapy for renal failure is hemodialysis. For undergo hemodialysis to manage diet is very important caused prevent progressively and generally irreversible. The knowledge of patient about diet is significantly required during to the patient is undergoing to diet so can do well for keep balancing in the renal so do its function. This research have purpose to know the correlation between knowledge of the chronic renal failure patients do hemodialysis about diet with compliance of the patient to do chronic renal failure diet in the Puskesmas Johor in 2022. Sample in this studi are 31 respondents who participated in this this study with used purposive sampling. The result of the study showed that there is a correlation between knowledge of the chronic renal failure patients can do hemodialisys about diet with compliance of the patient to do chronic renal failure diet in which p < 0.05, and the correlation is significant. It is indicated by the coefficient r = 0.494.
A Generalized Noise Reconstruction Approach to Robust DOA Estimation
Authors: Cong Jingyu , Wang Xianpeng , Lan Xiang , Liu Wei
Published: March 2023

A generalized noise reconstruction approach is proposed for improved direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. The objective function kernel of the noise reconstruction problem can be made up of many distinct DOA estimation algorithms, making it an optimization problem. First, a coarse estimation of the received domain noise is calculated based on the cumulative sum of an approximate noise first-order finite difference. In particular, the generalized pattern search algorithm is used to find the best initial value. The objective function is constructed with the total noise power estimated by least squares (LS), minimized. After that, a brand-new cumulative sum constructed with the solution from the previous step is used to precisely reconstruct the received data-domain noise. Finally, DOA estimation is obtained using Capon algorithm. The efficiency of suppressing sidelobes and pseudo-peaks and the accuracy of DOA estimation are evaluated. In simulations, different scenarios, such as non-uniform noise, colored noise, impulsive noise, and K-distribution sea clutter, are considered. Real-world frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) data is used to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Scalability, Explainability and Performance of Data-Driven Algorithms in Predicting the Remaining Useful Life: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Bakhtiari Ramezani Somayeh , Cummins Logan , Killen Brad , Carley Richard , Amirlatifi Amin , Rahimi Shahram , Seale Maria , Bian Linkan
Published: March 2023

This work summarizes the state-of-the-art data-driven methods for prediction of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL). It discusses challenges and open problems faced in PdM. This study presents a discussion on the new problems that need to be considered towards the Industry 4.0 goals. We propose the future direction for each challenge discussed in this article.
Robotic Control in Adversarial and Sparse Reward Environments: A Robust Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: He Xiangkun , Lv Chen
Published: March 2023

With deep neural networks based function approximators, reinforcement learning holds the promise of learning complex end-to-end robotic controllers that can map high-dimensional sensory information directly to control policies.

However, a common challenge, especially for robotics, is sample-efficient learning from sparse rewards, in which an agent is required to find a long sequence of “correct” actions to achieve a desired outcome.

Unfortunately, inevitable perturbations on observations may make this task trickier to solve.

Here, this paper advances a novel robust goal-conditioned reinforcement learning approach for end-to-end robotic control in adversarial and sparse reward environments.

Specifically, a mixed adversarial attack scheme is presented to generate diverse adversarial perturbations on observations by combining white-box and black-box attacks. 

Meanwhile, a hindsight experience replay technique considering observation perturbations is developed to turn a failed experience into a successful one and generate the policy trajectories perturbed by the mixed adversarial attacks.

Additionally, a robust goal-conditioned actor-critic method is proposed to learn goal-conditioned policies and keep the variations of the perturbed policy trajectories within bounds.

Finally, the proposed method is evaluated on three tasks with adversarial attacks and sparse reward settings.

The results indicate that our scheme can ensure robotic control performance and policy robustness on the adversarial and sparse reward tasks.
Ripartire da dove? Il turismo toscano post-Covid19: situazione, prospettive, opportunità
Authors: Macchia Paolo
Published: March 2023

The present paper offers a preliminary assessment of tourism in Tuscany following the dramatic crisis brought about by Covid19 pandemic. Starting with an outline of the most recent trends in this economic sector, the study draws the attention to the newly arisen forms of tourism in Tuscany with special focus on rural tourism and its impressive development at a regional scale in the last years. Our conclusion is that the case of rural tourism can positively represent a top trend leading Tuscany economy out of the recent pandemic.
La Carta idrografica d’Italia come fonte per la storia degli opifici idraulici alla fine dell’Ottocento. Il caso toscano
Authors: Berti Camillo , Grava Massimiliano
Published: March 2023

In all pre-industrial societies, water power has been the main form of energy used to drive grain and oil mills, ironworks, fulling mills, paper factories and other types of craft and manufacturing activities. The “Carta idrografica del Regno d’Italia”, published in the last decade of the 19th century, is the first representation at topographic scale of the hydrographic network and it is homogeneous at national level and includes the location of all the water-powered factories existing in Italy in the late 19th century. The graphical representation of the structures is supported by technical data such as type, nature of the diversion, flow rates, months of use, as well as by monographic studies on the hydrological characteristics and productive capacity of Italian watercourses. Using the methodologies of historical GIS, the paper aims to analyse the distribution of water-powered factories, existing at the end of the 19th century both in Tuscany as a whole and in two provinces (Pisa and Arezzo) chosen as case studies.
Availability of geodata and use of open-source geotechnologies for cultural heritage. The case of Toledo (Spain)
Authors: Sánchez Ondoño Irene , García Martínez Carmen , García González Juan Antonio
Published: March 2023

Geotechnologies play an increasingly extensive and diverse role in our society. Their implementation in educational settings is growing at all levels, especially in higher education, and in a wide variety of disciplines. The analysis and management of cultural heritage are two of the areas where they are most used. The multiple, heterogeneous, and unspecific supply of geoinformation opens up considerable possibilities for learning and new opportunities for analysis by future specialists in cultural heritage, despite the difficulties in the management of, and approach to, the data. In a scenario in which open-source educational resources are increasingly important, this work presents an exploratory analysis of open sources of georeferenced information that facilitate access to geodata for teaching and learning on cultural heritage. As an example of the differences and shortcomings of the availability of georeferenced sources in Spain, this work presents a case study on the city of Toledo, recognised as a world heritage site.
آفاق الدّلالات النّحوية في الجزء الأوّل من القرآن الكريم
Authors: اينانلومرانلو فريدون , سجادي أبو الفضل , أناري إبراهيم , مختاري قاسم
Published: March 2023

لايمكن التّعرّف علي جماليات القطعة الأدبيّة دونَ التّطرّق إلي القضايا التي تُحدّد خصائصها من نحو و بلاغة و مفردات. إنّ القرآن العظيم الّذِي يضمّ أجملَ التعابير و التراكيب الأدبيّة يشتمل علي اتّساع واسع من النّاحيّة المعنويّة. الدّلالات النّحويّة للآيات الشّريفة يشمل اتّساعاً شاملا من القضايا الّتي تريد أن تُفَتّح صفحة جديدة بيضاء للمهتمّين بالأبحاث القرآنيّة و يُعَرّف للباحثين جانباً آخر من جماليات المصحف الشريف. و هذا هو الأسلوب الّذي اعتمد عليه المفسّرون في تفسير كلام الوحي. إنّنا و في هذه الدّراسة الّتي اعتمدت علي المنهج الوصفيّ- التحليليّ تطرّقنا إلي دراسة مواضيع متعدّدة كالدّلالات و أقسامها و مصاديق اتّساع الدّلالات النّحويّة في المعاني القرآنيّة عن طريق الإمعان و التّتبّع في بعض آيات القرآن. و قد توصّلت الدّراسة إلي جملة من النّتائج أهمّها: أنّ المفسّرين عُنوا بالمعاني أكثر من الألفاظ و أنّ دلالة الأسماء كانت أكثرسعة في التّأويل من دلالة الأفعال و حروف المعاني لأنّ الأدب القرآنيّ ذو وجوه مختلفة و أنّ أواخر الآيات القرآنية أكثر باتّساع المفاهيم من أوّلها.
بهرام جور بن يزدجرد
Authors: عباس مصطفى
Published: March 2023

تعد دراسة الشخصيات من الدراسات التي لها اثرا كبيرا في البحوث التاريخية ، لما لها من اهمية في ايراد معلومات لانجدها في روايات التاريخ العام ، مما يعطي الباحثين تنوعا معلوماتينا يساعدهم في رسم الخطوط العامة لسير بعض الاحداث ، وشخصية بهرام جور موضوع البحث من الشخصيات التي دار حولها جدال واسع بين المصادر العربية والفارسية ، وكلا تنازع فضائله ومناقبه ، فجاءت معالم سيرته مزدوجة التصوير بين ما يراه العرب والفرس ، ومن هنا جاء سبب اختيارنا لهذا الموضوع ، الذي امتد منذ ولادته الى وفاته ، وقد اعتمدت فيها على مجموعة من المصادر الاولية وعدد من المراجع الثانوية
البناء الاجتماعي لمجتمع خلافة الحسن بن علي () و اثره في قرار الصلح
Authors: رحيمة نغم
Published: March 2023

لدى استشهاد أمير المؤمنين (علي بن ابي طالب) () تسلم ابنه (الحسن) الشهيد () قيادة المسلمين في ظل ظروف سياسية معقدة، فكان رجل حق ،نافذ البصيرة ثابت القلب، مستقر النفس، فتدافعت أمواج الاهتزاز في الضمير العربي المسلم، وانكشف الستر وانقشعت كل السحب التي تمثل الضلالة والتمويه، واشتعلت الحياة العقلية بالمناظرة والمحاججة المبنية على منطق الاستدلال والاستقرار، واتبعت الأهواء المنحرفة، فتملك الخوف والتردد الناس، والتمزق الداخلي يعيث بكيان الأمة، فلا المؤشر الإنساني مستقر الذبذبات، ولا الاستقرار الذاتي نابع من الأعماق. بمثل هذا الجو المرتبك إنثال المسلمون مبايعين الإمام (الحسن بن علي) () وكانت تلك البيعة شرعية شارك فيها بقية السابقين في الإسلام، وممثلوا القصبات والأقاليم، وكثرة من المجتمع العراقي بخاصة، وكانت هذه البيعة رضى للخاصة وفرحاً عظيماً للعامة. وعلم (معاوية بن سفيان) بهذه البيعة، فامتلأ قلبه حقداً، واستعد للحرب حيث اشترى الذمم والضمائر، واستمال رجال القبائل، وتجاوبت معه أتبع ذلك كله بحملات القوة والإرهاب.
Reading for pleasure among Iraqi college EFL students
Authors: Al Khafaji Huda
Published: March 2023

This study was carried out to explore the pleasure reading practices and preferences of sample Iraqi college EFL students. This study seeks to fill the gap in researchs concerning pleasure reading in Iraq since the Iraqi college EFL students' practices and preferences of reading for pleasure have not been explored yet. To do this, the study employed a questionnaire for collecting data. A sample of 177 Iraqi college EFL female students of department of English language of College of Education for Women of Al Iraqyia University in Baghdad volunteered to fill in the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the quantitative data from the questionnaire. The findings indicate that the majority of the participants read for pleasure weekly. It was also found that the participants preferred to read song lyrics, books of fiction, and articles posted on social media or websites over other types of reading texts. The research findings also showed that some of the participants read 1-2 hours per week and very few of the participants read 4-5 hours weekly. All the participants faced problems when practicing reading for pleasure and these difficulties can be attributed to several factors, such as watching TV/DVD/online
Evaluation of mutations in DHCR7 gene in high-risk pregnant women for Smith Lemli Opitz Syndrome during second-trimester screening in Nasiriyah
Authors: Al-Soofi Shafaa Jawad , Zekavati Roya , Mohammadi-Asl Javad
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Smith Lemli Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) is the second most frequent metabolic disease in various populations. At the end of the cholesterol production pathway, a mutation in the dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) gene causes SLOS. DHCR7 is a membrane protein that needs the cofactor NADPH to function. In SLOS patients, more than 130 distinct DHCR7 mutations have been discovered. The impact of the DHCR7 gene mutation on the severity and symptoms of SLOS in patients, particularly high-risk pregnant women, has been recommended.

Methods: This study was performed on 20 high-risk pregnant women with SLOS at a second-trimester screening in the Nasiriyah. To detect DHCR7 gene mutations in infected individuals, DNA was collected from peripheral blood, and Sanger sequencing was performed.

Result: 20 women suspected of having SLOS with 26.7 ±8.01 years old (SD) were included. 70% (14) of families had a history of having a child with SLOS disorder. In contrast, the 30 % (6) remaining families had never had SLOS before and were discovered during pregnancy. Only 4 pregnant women (20%) identified with DHCR7 mutation. The DHCR7 gene was analyzed from exons 1 to 9, and a c.445C> T (CAA-TAA) mutation was detected in exon 6 of this gene.

Conclusion: According to the findings of prior studies and the present study, the sequencing of the DHCR7 gene can detect around 96 percent of known variations and pathogens; therefore, the identification and analysis of the DHCR7 gene during pregnancy and screening for SLOS may be claimed to be beneficial.
Characteristics Of The Pseudomonas aeruginosa And How To Prevention From Them.
Authors: J. Abdul Hussain Mytham , Mshachal Mervet
Published: March 2023

The infections that causes  by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is usually responsible for the nosocomial infections of the United States. Occurs in the each year approximality  51,000 cases of  P. aeruginosa infections , and the persons the most risk of infection are those most exposer into equipment of  hospital that has not well desinfection such as ventilation of mechanical and catheters.Some strains of  P. aeruginosa that mutate or those  that production of  β-Lactamase enzymes that resistance into penicillins.The enzymes of  β-Lactamase acts on the disruption into atomic structure of  Carbapenems , Penicillins, Monobactams  and Cephalosporins , and also the mechanisms that provides to  resistance into penicillins such as efflux pumps of genetically encoded that acting as transmembrane proteins that help to secrete toxic materials. The mutations that influence to expression of gene for P. aeruginosa  provide immune to support antimicrobials. So that results into decrease of specific genes that leads into production wide spectrum of β-Lactamase. The  immune increase against penicillin and other antibiotics is important role play to the stay length of a patient's in  hospital and rate of mortality.The conjugation of bacteria role play to an increase resistance for the antibiotics and some P. aeruginosa strains  have become  immune against all penicillins.The P. aeruginosa of  illumination  that leds into provides measures of preventative and steps that leads to fight of outbreaks nosocomial . These review  aids into  address mechanisms of resistance and discuss the preventative measures and its effectiveness that used today.
Etiological Assessment of Tympanic Perforations: Case of the ENT Departement of Sikasso Hospital
Authors: Kalifa Ouattara , Ahmadou Dembélé , Lassine Samaké , Marikany Diallo , Souleymane Dao , Yamoussa Diamoutène , K Traoré Abdoulaye , Adama Dembélé , Aboudou Dolo , Kalifa Coulibaly , Siaka Soumaoro , Mohamed Keita
Published: March 2023

Tympanic membrane perforation is a loss of substance that creates an abnormal communication between the middle ear and the external auditory canal, it follows a middle ear infection or direct trauma and is usually seen in young people. The aim of this study was to determine the etiologies of tympanic membrane perforations in the ENT department of the hospital in Sikasso. This was a prospective study over a period of 6 months from June to November 2014 in the ENT department of Sikasso hospital, involving all patients seen in consultation for tympanic membrane perforation. We collected 110 cases of tympanic perforations out of a total of 1844 patients received, i.e. a prevalence of 5.15% of cases. The average age of our patients was 25 years with extremes from 09 months to 72 years. The majority of our patients (32.7%) consulted for otorrhea, followed by hearing loss (21%), otalgia (20%), tinnitus with or without vertigo (14.50%) and trauma (11.80%). Infections were incriminated in the majority of cases (70.9%) and traumatic causes in 29.1%. Tympanic substance loss was marginal in 47 cases (including 11 attic cases highly suspicious for cholesteatoma), central (punctiform) in 46 ears and judged total in 17 cases. Unilateral perforations were found in 95 patients and bilateral in 15 cases and predominated in the left ear. Pure tone audiometry was performed in 83 patients, and found transitional hearing loss in 51.8%, perceptual hearing loss in 13.3% and mixed hearing loss in 34.9% of cases. Tympanic membrane perforations are relatively common in our practice, and occur mainly in young subjects. Otological infections and trauma are the main causes. They are accompanied by hearing loss. Iatrogenic causes due to attempts to remove foreign bodies dominated the traumatic causes in our study.
Calcium Hydroxide Induced Periapical Healing of Lower Anterior Teeth with Periapical Lesion Following a Dental Trauma - 4 Year Follow Up
Authors: Sultan Dr. Walid , Chakravarthy Dr. Krithika A.
Published: March 2023

Calcium hydroxide is an intracanal medicament used in clinical dentistry since the time it was introduced by Herman in 1920. It is considered as a gold standard material for its varied uses in Endodontics. Calcium hydroxide has set a standard in the field of endodontic research over which other materials are evaluated even today. This case report highlights the calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament induced healing of a periapical lesion in lower central incisor following a chronic dental trauma.