bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEUS HÁ DE ENCONTRAR O PADRÃO E PARTI-LO. A PRESENÇA DE DEUS COMO O GRANDE ‘DESORGANIZADOR’ NA ARTE MODERNA E CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Bartolomei Teresa
Published: December 2022

RESUMO: A noção metafísica de Deus como fundamento do ser, sumo princípio de ordem e harmonia, vetor da confluência entre filosofia grega e cristianismo como padrão cultural do Ocidente, entra em crise no século XIX, conjuntamente com a disrupção da ordem social tradicional e da “imagem do mundo” ontoteológica, sob os golpes da ciência e da crítica filosófica. Deus é morto, anuncia o filósofo, e a religião parece dissolver-se inexoravelmente no caminho da secularização. Deus, todavia, não se extingue: regressa poderosamente na figura antimetafísica de um Deus histórico, que se manifesta ao homem na contingência, como princípio de desordem e desajuste, trauma e estranhamento. Vários autores (nomeadamente J. Ashbery, F. Dostoiévski, P. Pasolini, T. Mendonça) são convocados para reconstruir esta imagem de Deus como “o grande desorganizador”, mas também o possível naufrágio deste embate com o transcendente, que implode no ‘silêncio, na não recepção por parte do homem-massa contemporâneo. O fracasso do sagrado, e a sua eventual banalização como recalque e espetacularização, são transcritos como experiência cómica por artistas como F. Kafka, S. Beckett , F. Fellini, J.-L. Godard.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ashbery. Dostoiévski. Pasolini. Mendonça. Sagrado.
O TEMPO É SUPERIOR AO ESPAÇO: O PRINCÍPIO DAS MUDANÇAS SOCIAIS E ECLESIAIS, NO MAGISTÉRIO DE FRANCISCO
Authors: Pimentel Álvaro Mendonça
Published: December 2022

RESUMO: O artigo examina os quatro princípios norteadores da dimensão social da evangelização, em particular, da promoção do bem comum e da paz social, segundo o magistério do Papa Francisco, expresso em sua Exortação Apostólica Evangelii Gaudium: a) O tempo é superior ao espaço; b) A unidade prevalece sobre o conflito; c) A realidade é mais importante do que a ideia e d) O todo é superior à parte. Pretende-se suprir a uma lacuna interpretativa sobre o tema em questão, uma vez que os estudiosos têm se contentado em expor os princípios sem esclarecê-los ou mesmo os têm utilizado de forma indiscriminada e ambígua. A partir de conhecimentos sobre a reflexão filosófica a respeito do tempo, o autor desenvolve uma reflexão e interpretação filosófico-teológica que demonstra o alcance e o desafio que os quatro princípios apresentam para a vida social e o anúncio do Evangelho, o diálogo entre os povos e a paz mundial.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tempo. Criatividade. Evangelização. Diálogo. Paz.
THE TIME FOR THE WEDDING OF THE LAMB HAS COME. THE RECAPITULATION OF DIVINE JUSTICE IN THE HYMNS ACCORDING TO REV 19:1-8
Authors: Mareano Marcus Aurélio Alves
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT: In the central part of the Book of Revelation (4:1−22:9), there is a group of hymns (4:8-11; 5:9-14; 7:10-12; 11:15-18; 12:10- 12; 15:3-4; 19:1-8) that synthetizes the theological drama of the book. The plot of this part presents a judgement in which God acts as a fair judge against the enemies. Thus, this paper presents a literary analysis of the narration conclusive hymn (19:1-8). The chosen text sings God’s salvation and invites everyone to praise (19:5), because of God’s reign (19:6) and the nuptials of the Lamb with his wife (19:7), the community of faith, dressed with the Saints’ righteousness (19:8). The following topics will be developed in this presentation: the list of the hymns on the Book of Revelation; the literary context and the delimitation of 19:1-8; and the text’s literary analysis. The last hymn constitutes an ending that recapitulates many themes present in other passages of Revelation, mainly in its hymns.
KEYWORDS: Revelation. Justice. Hymn. Judgement. Lamb.
Revisando el concepto de partido político: reconstruyendo, conectando, reclasificando
Authors: Ahedo Rodriguez Unai
Published: December 2022

Este artículo se centra en la revisión del concepto de partido político, con el objetivo de aportar una renovada clasificación y comprensión del fenómeno. Siguiendo los planteamientos metodológicos de Sartori (2002; 2011), primero, trataremos de «reconstruir el concepto» de partido, exponiendo las diferentes tipologías y modelos, así como las diversas definiciones y conceptualizaciones desarrolladas por los autores y autoras hasta la fecha. Posteriormente, siguiendo la lógica de la «escala de abstracción», trataremos de establecer conexiones entre las distintas concepciones partidistas (racional-empresarial, enlace del sistema democrático y expresión del conflicto social) y los modelos clásicos (élites, masas, catch-all, cártel). Esto nos llevará a una renovada clasificación de los partidos más abstracta y aplicable a un mayor número de contextos históricos, políticos y sociales. Tarea que nos proveerá de una mejor comprensión sobre el complejo fenómeno partidista y que dotará a nuestras futuras investigaciones de una mayor capacidad comparativa y predictiva.
PIERRE BOURDIEU EN NUESTRA COYUNTURA: DOMINACIÓN SOCIAL Y VIOLENCIA SISTÉMICA
Authors: Del Pino Díaz David
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo busca recuperar la caja de herramientas teoréticas de la sociología crítica de Pierre Bourdieu en virtud de pensar las complejidades de nuestro presente. Este trabajo se enmarca desde la crítica emprendida por el propio Bourdieu a la revolución conservadora neoliberal, como espacio paradójico a partir del cual podemos entender acontecimientos tan dispares como el brexit, el triunfo de Trump o el éxito comercial de novelas que apelan por una vuelta nostálgica a tiempos históricos añorados.
La agenda política en campaña: un estudio desde el framing
Authors: Melero López Inmaculada
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis acerca de la estrategia discursiva seguida por los partidos y líderes políticos durante las campañas de 2015 y 2016 en España. A través del análisis de contenido y con un enfoque descriptivo, se identifican cuáles fueron los encuadres discursivos empleados en las agendas políticas en un contexto de incertidumbre y desacuerdo político en el que en apenas seis meses se celebraron dos elecciones nacionales. Los resultados indican que los encuadres que predominaron en los discursos fueron, en mayor medida, estratégicos y de temas. De ese modo, predomina un discurso en el que las tácticas propias de las campañas y el contenido de los programas electorales adquieren un protagonismo esencial, más aún tratándose de un periodo nunca visto en España. No obstante, los encuadres conflictivos y de debate y acuerdo político también juegan un papel fundamental dependiendo del instrumento analizado.
DC Microgrid Based on Battery, Photovoltaic, and Fuel Cells; Design and Control
Authors: Muntaser Akram , Ragb Hussin , Elwrfalli Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

Microgrids offer flexibility in power generation in a way of using multiple renewable energy sources. In the past few years, microgrids become a very active research area in terms of design and control strategies. Most of the microgrids use DC/DC converters to connect renewable energy sources to the load. In this paper, the simulation model of a DC microgrid with three different energy sources (Lithium-ion battery (LIB), photovoltaic (PV) array, and fuel cell) and external variant power load is built with MATLAB/Simulink and the simulative results show that the stability of DC microgrid can be guaranteed by the proposed maximum power point controller MPPT. The three energy sources are connected to the load through DC/DC converters, one for each. This type of topology ensures protection for each energy source as well as optimum stability at the load.
Packaging and Uncoating of CRISPR/Cas Ribonucleoproteins for Efficient Gene Editing with Viral and Non-viral Extracellular Nanoparticles
Authors: Mazurov Dmitriy , Ramadan Lama , Kruglova Natalia
Published: December 2022

Rapid progress in gene editing based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) has revolutionized the study of gene and genome function and genetic disease correction. While numerous genetically modified cellular and animal models have been created to understand biological processes, the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas tools has been impeded by off-targeting and delivery problems. It is generally accepted that the delivery of CRISPR in the form of a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) substantially reduces the time of DNA exposure to the effector nuclease, minimizing off-target effects and facilitating clinical usage. This review focuses on CRISPR/Cas RNP delivery with retro/lentiviral particles and exosomes, whose parallel production by cells transfected with viral vectors is underestimated. We critically evaluate specific mechanisms of extracellular particle formation and loading with CRISPR/Cas for each system. Additionally, the details of Cas-nanoparticle entry and uncoating, previously unappreciated in the context of gene editing efficiency, are discussed. Based on existing knowledge about the consequences of intervention in retroviral assembly, entry, or exosome formation, we outline the potential problems with CRISPR/Cas delivery using extracellular nanoparticles and ways to address them.
Learning about pandemic: a study from the game Plague inc and its players
Authors: Ramos Daniela Karine , Campos Tayanara Rúbia , Pimentel Fernando Silvio Cavalcante
Published: December 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic instigate researchers from around the world to seek educational alternatives with technologies, among them are digital games. This article is based on the theoretical assumptions that support the use of games as learning promoters and presents an exploratory and qualitative research, with the aim of analyzing the experiences, learning and meanings expressed by players in an online community about the game Plague inc.  in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection was performed in an online community of players, and 545 game evaluations and contributions were performed spontaneously. The results of the analysis of the content of the collected data, coded in categories, indicate that the game has provided the development of new knowledge, reflections on the context of the pandemic, questioning about the scientific information conveyed in the game, besides promoting interaction in the midst of isolation.  Thus, it is understood that playing experience allows to problematize reality and offers opportunities to signify experiences and knowledge.
Investigation of the resource indicators of the intermediate pressure rotor of the K-200-130 turbine of power unit No. 11 of DTEK Burshtyn TPP
Authors: Chernousenko Olga , Rindyuk Dmitro , Peshko Vitalii
Published: December 2022

The Burshtyn TPP is separated from the unified energy system of Ukraine, operates as part of the "Burshtynskii Ostriv" in parallel with the Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity (UCTE). Work within the "Burshtynskii Ostriv" requires the loading of up to nine power units of the station, whereas before that, no more than six power units worked at the station. On the one hand, joining the UCTE opened opportunities for increasing export supplies of electricity from Ukraine. On the other hand, the maneuvering mode of operation of the power plant in "Burshtynskii Ostriv" has an extremely negative effect on the condition of the equipment, as it leads to frequent start-stops of units. As a result of this regime, the accident rate of TPPs has increased significantly. Therefore, it is important to determine the individual resource of Burshtyn TPP power units and assess the possibility of continuing the operation. According to calculations, the total damage of the metal of the intermediate pressure rotor of the K-200-130 turbine unit of power unit No. 11 of DTEK Burshtyn TPP is 107%, with the coefficients of the safety margin for the number of cycles and for deformations at the level of 5 and 1.5, as well as at the permissible metal working time 370 thousand hours. If the total damage of the rotor metal is more than 100%, then further operation of the equipment is impossible according to regulatory documents and the resource is considered to be exhausted. According to experimental data, with the coefficients of safety margin for the number of cycles and deformations at the level of 3 and 1.25, as well as the allowable working time of the metal of 450 thousand hours, the total damage of the metal of the rotor is 83%. The residual resource of the intermediate pressure rotor of the K-200-130 turbine of power unit No. 11 of DTEK Burshtyn TPP will be 58 908 hours. Thus, with the positive decision of the expert commission in accepting the reduced coefficients of safety margin, the allowable service life of the intermediate pressure rotor of the K-200-130 turbine of power unit No. 11 of DTEK Burshtyn TPP can be extended by 50,000 hours. with additional number of starts of no more than 400.
Construction of the Software and Technical Complex of Control Basic Parameters of Reactor Installation
Authors: Koba Kostyantyn , Lys Stepan , Kravets Taras , Yurasova Oksana , Galyanchuk Igor
Published: December 2022

The main problem associated with the operation of nuclear power plants is the problem of correct and timely diagnosis of failure or violation. The mistakes of technologists can lead to severe damage to nuclear power plants, or simply to a reduction in the utilization rate of installed capacity. The personnel make the main mistakes in the conditions of time shortage and being in a stressful situation during the development of an accident, when assessing changes in emergency parameters is not always possible, which leads to incorrect diagnosis of initial events (IE). Any IE leads to the deviation of the monitored parameters from normal values (values that are inherent to normal operation). The operator-technologist needs as soon as possible to determine the parameter (or parameters) for which the change occurs and, by performing a certain sequence of actions, bring their values to the norm. For information support of the operator-technologist is the information computing system (ICS). In the ICS, it is possible to control all parameters affecting the safe operation of the equipment, for each of which there are certain values, the deviation from which may lead to an accident. The paper considers the issues of the need to separate the measured parameters of NPP into separate groups that uniquely characterize the state of the critical security features. In particular, the necessity of consideration as the most important mass parameter of the primary coolant is shown. The issues of level measurement problems in the pressure compensator are discussed as the most important from the point of view of determining the mass of the primary coolant. Methods are proposed for determining the operability of sensors, the method of calculating a reliable level in the volume compensator. Estimates of the computational efficiency of the proposed methods are given.
Mathematical model of the horizontal steam generator PGV-1000
Authors: Yefimov Olexander , Tiutiunyk Larysa , Harkusha Tetyana , Yesipenko Tetyana , Motovilnik Anastasiia
Published: December 2022

The materials of the article consider the design characteristics of horizontal steam generators PGV-1000 for WWER NPPs. The NPP steam generator, in particular the PGV-1000 steam generator, is a specific heat exchange unit. This unit, together with a nuclear reactor and a steam turbine, is one of the main equipment of multi-circuit (double-circuit) steam turbine NPPs. The steam generator produces working steam using heat dissipated from the reactor core by the cooling medium and sent to the heat exchange surface of the steam generator. NPP steam generators, connecting the contours of the coolant and the working substance, equally belong to each of them. The heat-absorbing medium in the steam generator is the working substance (water, steam). PGV-1000 type NPP steam generators with pressurized water reactors produce dry saturated steam. The requirement to maintain high purity of the coolant is due to the heat transfer surfaces of such steam generators made of austenitic stainless steel with electropolished surfaces. The design characteristics of modern horizontal steam generators such as PGV-1000 of various modifications provide high technical and economic performance of NPP units with WWER-1000 and high maintainability, which allows to extend the service life of domestic NPPs.
Aerodynamic Aspect of the Problem Relating to the Reduction of the Vibration Strain in the Axial Compressor Blades of the Gas Turbine Engine
Authors: Krasnikov Oleksandr , Kukhtin Yuriy
Published: December 2022

Consideration was given to the design methods available in practice for an increase in the vibration reliability of the blades of axial compressor. The problem was formulated to show the possibility of the reduction of the strain in the blade nib by the control of the exciting aerodynamic forces. When it is impossible to eliminate the resonance completely and the measures taken to increase structural damping fail to give positive effect it is reasonable to make use of the possibility of the strain reduction by the control of the excitation source. Consideration was given to the aerodynamic aspect of the problem relating to an increase of the vibration reliability of the blades of axial compressor. The aerodynamic loads affecting the axial compressor blades ranging from the trace to potential effects of adjacent shrouds were determined numerically. The program package SUnFlow with the realized in it numerical integration of the Reynolds-averaged Naiver-Stocks equations was used as an investigation tool. The high-pressure compressor stage containing 120 blades of the input guide unit, 83 operating blades and 104 blades of the guide system was used as a test object. The computations were done for the initial structure of the compressor stage and for the stage structure with embedded measures in the form of the variable- pitch input guide unit. Nonstationary computations of the options were done by including the three stage rings into the computation domain of total circumferences. Based on the obtained computation data, the integral and distributed loads onto operating blade were analyzed for comparable stage options. For the obtained distributed loads, the bend strains were calculated using the rod theory. Based on the obtained experimental data, the conclusion was made that the strains can be reduced in the blade nib by the control of the exciting aerodynamic forces.
Aeroelastic Behavior of Long Blades of Last Stage of a 220 MW Steam Turbine
Authors: Kolodyazhnaya Lyubov , Bykov Yuriy
Published: December 2022

The phenomenon of flutter in steam turbines is quite rare, but when it occurs, the risk of damaging the blades and putting the whole unit out of service increases significantly. Currently, there is a tendency to increase the length of the blades of the last stages of powerful steam turbines, as a result of which the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the blade oscillations change, which can lead to the occurrence of uncontrolled self-excited oscillations. The paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of the aeroelastic characteristics of blade row of the last stage rotor of a 200 MW steam turbine, in which, during modernization, the length of the blades increased to 1200 mm, which made it necessary to check the resistance to flutter in operating modes. The analysis used the method of solving the coupled problem of unsteady aerodynamics and elastic blade vibrations, which allows to predict the amplitude-frequency spectrum of unsteady loads and blade vibrations in a viscous gas flow. The results of the calculations showed the absence of flutter and self-oscillations on the first five natural forms of blade oscillations in the nominal mode of operation of the steam turbine.
Effect of the Specific Features of the Torch Aerodynamics on the Integrated Efficiency of the Multifuel Boiler
Authors: Efimov Olexander , Kavertsev Valerii , Dyahiliev Vadym
Published: December 2022

This scientific paper gives the literature review emphasizing that the overwhelming majority of the operated boilers are equipped with vortex burners. These burners are characterized by an increased NOx formation, low operation reliability of screen tubes and convective heating surfaces, small maneuverability range and insufficient economical indicators. The defining role of the aerodynamic organization of the furnace processes affecting the operation efficiency of the boilers was shown for the case of the combustion of the energy fuels of a different type. Hence, the problems of an increased reliability, maneuverability, environmental safety and economical operation of the boilers are rather topical. The above problems faced by Ukraine today have been essentially exacerbated due to the fact that most boilers of the thermal power plants have a depleted resource and the production of new boilers (especially high power boilers) was actually stopped. The use of vortex burners with the traditional counter layout on the two opposite furnace walls is peculiar for the overwhelming majority of modern high power boilers in Ukraine and abroad. In this case, the central zone of the furnace is designed to provide the collision of the burner torches of opposite walls and a high-temperature burning core is created. In the case of gas –oil boilers, the availability of the high-temperature core results in an intensified formation of the thermal nitrogen oxides and a decreased operation reliability of the metal of furnace screens. The torch throw onto the side furnace walls during the combustion of fuel oil results in an essential decrease of the operation reliability of the screen tubes due to a high-temperature hydrogen sulfide corrosion. This paper highlights the issues of the effect of the specific features of the torch aerodynamics on the integrated efficiency of the boiler operation and the optimization of the layouts for the combustion of energy fuels in the multifurnace boilers for further reconstruction of the boilers to reduce the emission of harmful substances, increase reliability and economicity of their operation and enlarge the steam load carrying range.
Methods of the Strength Computation for the Covers, Bottoms, Assemblies and Elements of the Structure of Steam Generators Used by the Two-Loop Nuclear Power Plants with BBEP-1000 Reactors
Authors: Efimov Olexander , Kavertsev Valerii , Lifshyts Petro
Published: December 2022

This scientific paper gives a review of the available methods and approaches used for the strength computation of the covers, bottoms, assemblies and elements of the structures of steam generators of the two-loop NPPs with BBEP-1000 reactors. For most assemblies and elements of the structures of steam generators of NPPs, the main strains arising in them are the consequences of the uniform internal and external pressures. However, in many cases the assemblies and elements of the structures of steam generators of NPPs can also be exposed to additional loads (weight loads, efforts and moments that result from nonhomogeneous thermal expansion of different parts of steam generator, etc.). The values of the strains caused by additional loads can sometimes exceed the value of the main strain. These can be decreased by the arrangement of additional supports or compensators or by changing the structure configuration. Sometimes, it is reasonable to increase the wall thickness of the calculated elements of the structures in order to reduce the strains caused by additional loads. Before getting to the strength computations for the assemblies and elements of the structures of steam generators we need to define first the character of the external loads on them (constant or cyclic load) and the deformability of their structural materials (ductile material, brittle material or limited plasticity material) and then to select the method for their strength computation. To provide a reliable operation of the steam generators of NPPs it is important to provide appropriate strength characteristics for all its assemblies and elements. These elements include process pipelines that are connected to the steam generator structure. These represent a spatially branched pipeline systems of a different technological purpose whose structures are supported by special fastening elements (the supports of different types, spring suspenders, etc.). The strength computations done for such systems include static and cyclic strength computations, seismic action computations, etc.
Features of Replacement of the ТГМП-314 Boiler Heating Installation
Authors: Rymar Tetiana , Zayats Mariya
Published: December 2022

Thermal power stations play the main role not only in carrying the base load, but also in ensuring the coverage of peak and semi-peak loads of electricity consumption. Improving the operational maintenance of energy equipment gives a greater economic effect, since the costs of modernization of regenerative air heaters, which improve their density and thermal efficiency, are repaid in a short time. The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the operation of regenerative air heaters was increased by the reconstruction of the heating installation. The results of the reconstruction of the design heaters of the TГМП-314 boilers with sections of sanitary-technical heaters КФСО -II and КФБО -II with replacement by sections of energy heaters (СО-110) are presented. The improved heating installation is installed in front of each regenerative air heater of the ТГМП-314 boiler and is made of two walls placed sequentially according to the air movement, in each of which 12 sections of reconstructed CO-110 heaters with a downward movement of the heating steam flow are installed. An important advantage of the proposed sequential installation of radiators is an increase in the uniformity of the temperature field in the box in front of the regenerative air heater due to two-stage air heating. Sequential installation of radiator walls increases the heat transfer coefficient approximately 1.6 times compared to parallel connection, which makes it possible to double the air speed in the radiators for the same number of sections. The possibility of formation of stagnant zones of sections of CO-110 heaters is excluded. In this case, it is recommended to reconstruct single-pass radiators with the installation of a pipe board and heating steam condensate removal chambers. The high efficiency of the improved heating installation made it possible to carry out all boiler ignitions with the possibility of supplying flue gases immediately through the RAH.
Heat Transfer Coefficient Calculation for Developed Ammonia Boiling in the Evaporator Channel of a Thermal Sink
Authors: Gorbenko Gennady , Reshytov Edem , Turna Rustem , Hodunov Artem , Rohovyi Yevhen
Published: December 2022

The subject of this article is the heat transfer of ammonia in the channels of thermal sink evaporators. The objective was to determine a sufficiently simple correlation acceptable for engineering practice, which could be used to calculate the heat transfer in cylindrical channels of a thermal sink, designed for two-phase systems of thermal control systems of uncrewed spacecraft. For this purpose, experiments were performed on two thermal sink having an evaporator channel of ~7 mm diameter made of aluminum alloy and stainless steel, with channel surface roughness Ra 3.33 µm and 0.12 µm. The experiments were carried out with a subcooled liquid or two-phase flow at the channel inlet. The results of the experiments were compared with Kupriyanova's formula obtained under markedly different conditions: with ammonia boiling in a large volume on the external surface of 5...6 mm diameter tubes at –40 °C...+20 °C. It is shown that Kupriyanova's formula can be used on the ground and in microgravity conditions to calculate heat transfer coefficients during the developed boiling of ammonia in the range of flow parameters: saturation temperature +35 °C...+75 °C; mass velocity 27...200 kg/(sec-m²); liquid subcooling to saturation temperature at thermal sink inlet 0 °C...30 °С; mass vapor quality at the inlet 0...0.7. Difference of calculated and experimental values of heat transfer coefficients did not exceed 30 %.
Predicting the Heat-Exchange Intensity in the Biogas Production
Authors: Tkachenko Stanislav , Vlasenko Olha
Published: December 2022

The intensity of the heat exchange between the internal thin-wall vessel and the experimental liquid medium has been studied. The mixture of the distilled glycerol, the substrate from the operating biogas plant, the fresh chicken manure with the moisture content of W = 90 %, chicken manure with the moisture content of W = 90 % aged for 5 days and the chicken manure with the moisture content of W = 90 % aged for 13 days was used as the experimental liquid medium. The experimental-calculative method was suggested to define the coefficient of the heat loss between the internal thin-wall vessel and the experimental liquid medium using the method of regular thermal mode. The main problems peculiar for the methods of the definition of the heat-exchange intensity in the multi-phase and multi-component media in the food industry and in the biogas production have been analyzed. The heat-exchange intensity prediction methods available for the food industry are of great importance for heat and power computations. These methods refute the characteristics of the media and it has a great effect on the computation of their thermal and physical properties. Food products subjected to the thermal processes of sublimation, evaporation, heating and crystallization have the properties of solid, liquid and gaseous bodies and transform from one aggregate state to another and it has a substantial effect on a change of their thermal and physical properties. Biogas technologies are used by the multi-tonnage production. These technologies use huge volumes of the substrate with unknown thermal and physical properties. Contemporary development of biogas technologies raises the problems relating to the thermal stabilization of the process and prediction of the heat-exchange intensity. The productions pay much attention to the problems of the stable temperature mode in the bioreactor. The operation of the biogas plant requires a stable temperature mode at different ambient temperatures. The main requirement to the bioreactor is that the temperature fluctuations should be within certain ranges. The waste treatment of different productions, in particular heating, cooling, thermal stabilization results in the anthropogenic load on the environment due to use of the outdated and not upgraded heat process equipment. It is rather difficult to solve this problem because the thermal and physical properties of the mixtures, liquids, substrates and their chemical compositions and molecular structure are limitedly known or unknown. It is also unknown how these are changed during the thermal treatment and how environmental factors affect their change. Relative errors of the main values, in particular the heat loss coefficient, heat transfer coefficient, specific heat capacity, heat exchange surface area, cooling (heating) rate, nonuniform temperature distribution factor, heat flow, temperature rush, temperature difference, mass of the experimental liquid media, experiment duration and table values have been determined.
Синтез модельно-прогнозуючого регулятора режиму дуття киснево-конвертерного процесу
Authors: Stepanets Olexandr , Mariiash Yurii
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research was to find a solution for a decrease in the cost price of the basic oxygen furnace steel. It is conditioned by an increase in the scrap metal portion due to an increase in the СО to CO2 afterburn degree in the basic oxygen furnace cavity according to the optimal model predictive control of the parameters of the blowing mode. The optimal parameter control system was synthesized for the blowing mode of the oxygen-converter melting on the basis of the feedback based on the model-predictive control using the linear-quadratic functional and it enabled a simultaneous control of the blowing intensity and the lance position  when programmatically changing the task for the oxygen consumption and CO2 content improving also the control quality and energy saving during the melting process due to an increased afterburn degree during the CO to CO2 conversion that is a consequence of an increased portion of the scrap metal. Closed CO to CO2 afterburn degree control systems were improved by the synthesis of the model-predictive controller taking into consideration process limitations imposed on the shifting rate of controlling mechanisms, improving thus the process control quality in the case of the limitations. The suggested solution enables certain process control quality improvement under the conditions of process limitations. A comparative investigation of the operation of the model – predictive controller and combined control system with PID–controllers showed that the obtained transition processes of the automatic control of the blowing mode for the basic oxygen furnace melting using the automatic model-predictive controller  provided ISE values for the oxygen consumption loop equal to 5577 and the CO2 content equal to 43 in basic oxygen furnace gases with a maximum dynamic deviation of the CO2 content in converter gases equal to 0.95 %. The use of the model-predictive controller allowed us to improve the control quality for the oxygen consumption loop by a factor of 1.63 CO2 and by a factor of 32.5 for the CO2 content control loop in converter gases. A maximum dynamic deviation of the CO2 content in converter gases was reduced by 16.55 % in comparison to that in the combined control system equipped with PID-controllers.
EVALUATION OF NOMENCLATURE OF MACHINE PARTS, THAT DETERMINE RESOURCE
Authors: Bantkovskiy Viacheslav , Luzan Sergii
Published: December 2022

The development of machine designs occurs with a constant desire to increase their productivity, which is almost always accompanied by an increase in the mechanical and thermal tension of the movable joints of parts. At the same time, the tasks of achieving high reliability and durability of the machine, reducing its weight, reducing the consumption of scarce materials are set. Based on a comprehensive assessment of automotive parts that determine the resource, it was found that abrasive wear prevails over all other types of wear. About 83% of automotive parts have wear up to 0.6 mm. When interacting with the soil, the working bodies of tillage and planting machines are subjected to intense abrasive wear. In addition, the working bodies of agricultural machines are operated in a chemically abrasive environment, which is associated with the addition of various fertilizers to the soil and the presence of moisture in it. Together, these factors have such a strong influence on the working bodies of agricultural machines, which makes them unusable after almost several hours of intensive work. Currently, in Ukraine, the following working bodies of tillage machines are used for tillage in agriculture: ploughshares, pointed and one-sided cultivator paws, various coulter designs, harrow discs, husker discs, baking powder, etc. In the soil environment, the working bodies are subject to intense abrasive wear. Typical representatives of the working bodies of tillage machines with cutting elements are the paws of cultivators designed for loosening, destroying weeds and mixing soil particles. The analysis of methods and methods of restoration of machine parts used at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex showed that more than 60% of the parts are restored by surfacing and gas thermal spraying.
Keywords: resource, repair, restoration, surfacing, thermal spraying, wear, durability
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF USING A MIXED SYSTEM OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF ROAD VEHICLES OF ROAD TRANSPORT
Authors: Rikunov Oleg , Kuzhelovych Viktor
Published: December 2022

The article argues the relevance of determining the efficiency of the mixed system of maintenance and repair of road vehicles. Improving the system of maintenance and repair of road transport is one of the main ways to increase the efficiency of motor transport enterprises. This is due to the high growth rate of work performed, the significant complexity of the design of modern vehicles and the variety of implementation of new maintenance strategies and diagnostic methods. Significant complications in the design of components and units of modern road vehicles, increasing their functions, more busy modes of operation of components, units, etc. - significantly exacerbated the problem of traffic safety, which is largely due to the quality of maintenance and repair. The urgent need to improve the system of maintenance and repair is due to changes in the technical condition of automotive equipment and the requirements for maintaining the working condition of vehicles during operation. An analysis of existing maintenance and repair strategies has shown that each has its advantages and disadvantages. The combination of advantages of each strategy and elimination of shortcomings will lead to the creation of a mixed system of maintenance and repair, which along with high-quality staffing of repair companies and equipping them with modern diagnostic equipment will increase the readiness of road vehicles, technical efficiency and efficiency quality of operation, reduce maintenance and repair costs at a given level of reliability.

© О. М. Рікунов, В. І. Кужелович, 2022

Keywords: road transport vehicles, maintenance and repair system, preventive maintenance system, average total duration of maintenance and repair, technical readiness coefficient, technical utilization coefficient, economic feasibility
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ELASTIC-PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF TORSION SHAFTS OF VEHICLE SPRING SYSTEMS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CONTACT INTERACTION
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Grabovskiy Andrey , Zavorotnii Anton , Kutsenko Serhii , Saverska Mariia , Klochkov Illia , Zinchenko Olena , Tkachuk Mykola А. , Nazarenko Sergiy , Pinchuk Nataliya , Marusenko Svitlana
Published: December 2022

The paper develops a model of stress-strain state of torsion shafts. A variable formulation of the problem on the basis of the theory of variational inequalities was made. Numerical modeling of the stress-head-deformed state was made with the involvement of the finite element method. In the model of the stress-head-deformed state of torsion shafts, its generalized parametric description is integrated. It contains both varied significant design and technological indicators, in particular, the structural design of the torsion head, the galley transition and the diameter of the stem torsion shaft stem, and the parameters of the technological process of double winding: twist angles and features of the shaft material. It is established that the stresses that occur in the torsion shaft are mainly concentrated in the contact interaction zone of the spline shaft head with the spline coupling. The parametric dependencies of the level of equivalent stresses by Mises on the level of double windings and on the ratio of the head diameter and the stem of the torsion shaft stem have been determined. Recommendations have been developed regarding the improvement of strength characteristics of torsion shafts. Contact pressure distribution on the slots of the torsion bar head is also determined. Its characteristic features depend on the type of boundary conditions. If bilateral interaction is enabled on the boundary, the contact pressure may become negative. Furthermore, the contact pressure gets a sharp spike. This non-physical feature disappears if unilateral contact conditions are imposed. Therefore, this version of the boundary conditions is more adequate. It was used to compute the stress-strain state of a torsion bar, taking into account the plastic deformation of the material and the contact interaction with conjugate bodes.
Keywords: torsional shaft; stress-strain state; finite element method; theory of variational inequalities; contact interaction
STRESS-STRAIN STATE AND CRITICAL ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES OF AIR BLOWER ROTOR PART OF A HIGH BOOST ENGINE
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Grabovskiy Andrey , Shut Oleksandr , Lipeiko Andrey , Ovcharov Egor , Tkachuk Mykola А. , Prokopenko Mykola , Tretyak Vladeslav , Klochkov Illia , Saverska Mariia , Kutsenko Serhii , Pinchuk Natalia
Published: December 2022

The stress-strain state and critical rotation speeds of the air blower rotor part of highly forced engine are investigated. For this purpose, their parametric geometric and finite-element models are built. Due to the high speeds of rotation, the impeller disk acquires an umbrella-shaped deformed shape. This deformation can cause a gap to be selected between the impellers and the stator of the supercharger. In areas of abrupt change of shape on the impeller there is a concentration of stresses. In addition, the supercharger impeller is located cantilevered. This causes low critical speeds. These frequencies may fall within the operating range of angular velocities of the supercharger rotor. All these factors in the complex within a single calculation model were not previously taken into account. Instead, taking into account the dependences of stress, strain and critical velocity levels on the design parameters is of interest in the development of supercharger designs. In particular, the stiffness characteristics of the elastic rotor bearings were varied. The influence of these parameters on the critical rotation speeds of the rotor part of the air supercharger is determined. Recommendations have been developed for debugging from hazardous supercharger modes. In particular, it is proposed to reduce the radial stiffness of the shaft bearings by using elastic flexible rings. This can reduce critical rotor velocities beyond the operating range. In addition, a lighter material can be used to increase the strength of the impeller. It is also possible to limit the operating range of the angular rotational velocities of the rotor part of the investigated air blower. Analysis of the stress-strain state and the critical rotational velocities of the rotor were carried out on the basis of a unified generalized mathematical and numerical model.
Keywords: rotor system, air blower, impeller, stress-strain state, critical rotation speed
THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CONTACT INTERACTION AND ELASTIC-PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF ELEMENTS OF CIVIL AND MILITARY PURPOSE VEHICLES
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Saverska Mariia , Kutsenko Serhii , Zinchenko Olena , Klochkov Illia , Tkachuk Mykola А. , Voloshina Iryna
Published: December 2022

The problem that is solved and described in the article is the need to synthesize new technical solutions for the elements of military equipment. To this end, scientific principles have been developed and implemented, mathematical and numerical models for the study of the stress-strain state of bodies made of modern materials in the conditions of contact interaction and elastic-plastic deformation have been improved. A fundamental feature is the use of microstructural models of the properties of materials in volume and on the surface. In addition, at the macro-scale level, a more general variational statement has been developed that takes into account physical and structural nonlinearities. This gives significantly higher opportunities in substantiating better technical solutions of elements of military equipment with tactical and technical and technical characteristics at the world level by conducting studies of the stress-strain state of contacting bodies. A variational formulation based on a modified Kalker principle has been developed for this purpose. The problem is stated with respect to the increments of the contact pressure. The discretization is performed by means of the boundary element method. Besides, another formulation via variational inequalities is developed. In this case the contact problem is stated  for thedisplacement increments of the surface points of the two bodies. Correspondingly, discretization is performed by means of the finite element method. The resolving system of equations and inequalities is ultimately derived in the general form. The analysis of the stress-strain state of the contacting bodies with account for their elasto-plastic deformations is hence performed in the most general form. This problem statement forms a basis for the analysis and justification of design solutions for machine elements by strength criteria.
Keywords: : military and civilian vehicles; stress-strain state; contact; tactical and technical characteristics
REVIEW OF MODERN USE OF GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS. STRATEGIES, POSSIBILITIES (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: Bondarenko Oleksiy , Ustynenko Oleksandr , Protasov Roman , Klochkov Illia , Vorontsov Borys Borys , Matyushenko Mykola , Kalinin Pavlo
Published: December 2022

Modern trends in the optimal and rational design of technical objects cross a large number of directions of their implementation. One of the interesting and promising directions is genetic and evolutionary algorithms (GА and EA). Authors promote the use of GА and EA as a tool for solving problems of optimal and rational design of complex mechanical systems. The relevance of highlighting modern methods, approaches and strategies for the implementation of GА and EA is described, as well as consideration of their applied implementation, which makes it possible to identify interesting directions of research that, with further adaptation or modifications, can be used to solve the problems of optimal and rational design of gearboxes, boxes gears and transmissions. The main general directions of the literature on GА and EA are highlighted, as well as the practical use of GА and EA in: technical and technological activities, physics, construction, water systems, nanotechnologies, analytical and simulation modeling, electrical and electronic systems, modeling of artificial intelligence and neural networks, information technologies, economic theory, administration and management, marketing, sociology, biology and medicine. This made it possible to understand the course of scientific thought on this issue, to determine the advantages and disadvantages of existing directions and approaches, and helped to choose the vector of further scientific thought, to decide on interesting approaches, strategies and methods. Considering certain features of EA, the authors prefer them. And in terms of strategies, hybridization with other methods, maximum saturation of all stages with "randomness" and the possibility of learning (memory organization) of the algorithm similar to neural networks are promising.
Keywords: optimal design, research directions, genetic algorithms, evolutionary algorithms