bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Relations: Оccurrence and Regulation
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (Moscow), Ershov V. V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. This article continues the discussion regarding “actual” legal relations and the regulators of “actual” legal relations. Theoretical Basis. Methods. Scientific knowledge for this article has been established using wellknown researches of the subject made by Russian and foreign authors, and criticisms of outdated provisions based on positivism. The author’s argument is supported by references to the works of not only legal scholars, but also representatives of other sciences (N. Wiener, N. I. Zhukov, L. A. Petrushenko, etc.) The study was conducted from the perspective of an integrative legal understanding. The methodology of general scientific character (formal logic, theory of systems, philosophy) was used, which allowed strengthened conclusions about the nature of “actual” legal relations, both their origin and their development. The use of private scientific methods (formal legal, comparative legal, analysis of national legal acts) allowed determination of the essence of “actual” legal relations, to differentiate legal relations and social. social relations, etc. Results. Two conclusions were reached. Firstly: “actual” legal relations are the objective legal reality, namely existing legal relations, settled first of all by the principles and norms of law contained in a single, developing and multilevel system of forms of national and (or) international law, realised in the state. Secondly: “actual” legal relations – namely the essence of objective legal reality; The regulators of “actual” legal relations are the forms of their expression. Discussion and Conclusion. The regulators of “actual legal relations” are developed as a result of the development of “actual” legal relations, called by Roman lawyers juris vinculum (legal relations related to objective law).
THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS ON THE EMERGENCE OF LARGE SCYTHIAN SETTLEMENTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE ROUTES
Authors: Minaeva N. I.
Published: June 2022

This article considers the impact of changes in the natural environment on historical processes that took place in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Ukraine in the XI—V centuries BC. It is determined that one of the main reasons for the emergence of large Scythian settlements was a natural factor. Changes in climatic conditions in the steppe zone led to the almost complete outflow of population from its territory in the XI—V centuries BC. The establishment of a more favorable climate in the south of Ukraine, which began in the VII century BC, led to an increase in the population in the forest-steppe zone and the emergence of large Scythian settlements on its territory.

The article also considers the question of the emergence and functioning of the main trade routes that existed in the Northern Black Sea region at that time. South Bug, Dnieper and Don rivers were used as trade routes beginning ХV century BC. The Scythian penetration to forest-steppe zone and the construction of big sites of settlements started before the start opening the north coastal Black Sea territory by Greek colonists. The Scythians appeared in the forest-steppe zone in the first half to mid- VII century, and the Greek opening of the coastal areas starts at the end of VII century BC. That time the South Bug, Dnieper and Don rivers became waterways connecting North Black sea area with central East Europe and Baltic countries. It were the estuaries of these rivers where appeared the biggest early Greek settlements: Berezan at the Bug and Dnieper estuary’s conjunction and Taganrog at the Don estuary. In the VII—V centuries South Bug was the main trade route. This point is supported by the fact that the Olvia state capital-Olvia city was established on the right bank of the Bug estuary.

The Greek centers exported to these areas, possibly ceramics, vine, olive oil, jewelry etc. These are the ceramic residuals which make it possible to determine the big Scythian settlements lifetime. Greek traders as reported ancient authors imported from forest-steppe areas, where these settlements were established, cattle, slaves, copper, furs, wax, salted fish, amber etc. The climate improvement at the North Black Sea area started opening of these unsettled steppe areas. This process resulted in gradual decadence of big Scythian settlements. The Grate Scythian center moves to the lower reach of Dneaper river, which followed by main trade route transfer to that exact river. So the natural factor seriously influenced the South Black Sea areas historical processes in the VII—V centuries BC.
Investigating variability in morphological processing with Bayesian distributional models
Authors: Ciaccio Laura Anna , Veríssimo João
Published: June 2022

We investigated the processing of morphologically complex words adopting an approach that goes beyond estimating average effects and allows testing predictions about variability in performance. We tested masked morphological priming effects with English derived (‘printer’) and inflected (‘printed’) forms priming their stems (‘print’) in non-native speakers, a population that is characterized by large variability. We modeled reaction times with a shifted-lognormal distribution using Bayesian distributional models, which allow assessing effects of experimental manipulations on both the mean of the response distribution (‘mu’) and its standard deviation (‘sigma’). Our results show similar effects on mean response times for inflected and derived primes, but a difference between the two on the sigma of the distribution, with inflectional priming increasing response time variability to a significantly larger extent than derivational priming. This is in line with previous research on non-native processing, which shows more variable results across studies for the processing of inflected forms than for derived forms. More generally, our study shows that treating variability in performance as a direct object of investigation can crucially inform models of language processing, by disentangling effects which would otherwise be indistinguishable. We therefore emphasize the importance of looking beyond average performance and testing predictions on other parameters of the distribution rather than just its central tendency.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Waktu Roasting terhadap Massa Jenis Biji Kopi Robusta Menggunakan Mesin Roasting Tipe Hot Air
Authors: A. Mafaza Kanzul Fikri  , Nuriman Nuriman , Yushardi Yushardi
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari penilitan ini ialah untuk 1. Menganalisis pengaruh suhu roasting terhadap massa jenis biji kopi robusta menggunakan mesin roasting tipe hot air 2. Menganalisis pengaruh lama waktu roasting terhadap massa jenis biji kopi robusta menggunakan mesin roasting tipe hot air 3. Mengetahui suhu dan lama waktu roasting yang cocok untuk biji kopi robusta. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Garage of Hore pada tanggal 15 September 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan biji kopi robusta dari gunung Tegalsari kecamatan Kalibaru kabupaten Banyuwangi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi, observasi, dan uji coba/eksperimen. Analisis data menggunakan bantuan SPSS regresi linier sederhana dengan menggunakan rumus Y = aX + b. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa 1. Suhu roasting terus mengalami kenaikan tetapi massa jenis semakin berkurang, hal ini menunjukkan hubungan terbalik antara suhu dengan massa jenis biji kopi robusta 2. Semakin lama di roasting maka berat kopi akan mengalami penurunan dikarenakan kadar air dalam biji kopi sudah mulai mengalami penurunan, hal ini menunjukkan hubungan terbalik antara lama waktu dengan massa jenis biji kopi robusta 3. Hasil suhu roasting terbaik dan bisa digunakan untuk penyeduhan adalah dalam suhu  dalam waktu 15-20 menit.
Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stres Dengan Siklus Menstruasi Pada Remaja Siswi Kelas XII SMA Negeri 1 Batam
Authors: Amelia Cevy , Acholder Acholder , Balqis Shahab Syarifah
Published: June 2022

Background: Students are demanded by academic achievement in a timely manner, especially class XII students which can be a point of stress, causing menstrual cycles to become irregular. The menstrual cycle can be said to be normal if it is regular every month with a span of about 21-35 days. This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycles in class XII students of SMA Negeri 1 Batam in 2021. Methods: This type of research is quantitatifewith research design use a cross sectional approach. The number of samples as many as 66 students, samples were taken using simple random sampling. This research was conducted by giving a questionnaire. The results of the study were analyzed using the Spearman rank test. Results: Data were analyzed by Spearman rank test. There is a level of stress in class XII students with criteria (31.8%) normal stress level, (16.7%) mild stress level, (34.8%) moderate stress level, (13.6%) severe stress level, ( 3.0%) the stress level is very heavy, (47.0%) the menstrual cycle is normal, (53.0%) the menstrual cycle is not normal. In class XII students of SMA Negeri 1 Batam. With a p value of 0.002 (p<0.05). Conclusion: there is a relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycles in class XII students of SMA Negeri 1 Batam in 2021
Nachruf auf Klaus Böttger – 14. Januar 1934 bis 7. Oktober 2020
Authors: Hevers Jürgen , Martin Peter
Published: June 2022

In ihrem Nachruf würdigen Jürgen Hevers und Peter Martin Leben und Wirken von Professor Klaus Böttger, der als Limnologe im Zoologischen Institut der Kieler Universität tätig war.
Besondere Verdienste erwarb er sich um die angewandte, dem Naturschutz verpflichtete Fließgewässerkunde – und hier vor allem um die Bäche des Norddeutschen Tieflands. Böttger starb am 7. Oktober 2020 mit
86 Jahren in Braunschweig.
Pandemien
Authors: Busse Reinhard
Published: June 2022

Der Beitrag ist in zwei Teile unter folgenden Fragestellungen gegliedert: 1. Wie kann man in Deutschland das vorhandene Gesundheitssystem messen und auf der Basis der Messergebnisse auch Verbesserungen evaluieren?
2. Wie agierte und agiert das deutsche Gesundheitssystem während der Corona-Zeit? Welche Abläufe führen zu welchen Ergeb­nissen? Was hat das für Implikationen für die Zeit nach der Pandemie?

The paper is divided into two parts under the following questions: 1. How can one measure the existing health care system in Germany and also evaluate improvements on the basis of the measurement results?
2) How did and does the German health care system operate during the Corona period? Which processes lead to which results? What are the implications for the post-pandemic period?
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MYOCARDITIDES
Authors: Tereshchenko S. N. , Zhirov I. V. , Masenko V. P. , Narusov O. Yu. , Nasonova S. N. , Samko A. N. , Stukalova O. V. , Shariya M. A.
Published: June 2022

.
EXAMINING THE ROLE OF WORD OF MOUTH IN PURCHASE DECISION: AN INSIGHT FROM FASHION STORE
Authors: Wiratama Bayu , Wijaya Angga Pandu , Prihandono Dorojatun , Wijayanto Andhi , Suhud Usep
Published: June 2022

The fashion business has a dynamic that adapts to the trends that are lighthearted and favored. A store can survive by providing clothes that fit the trend and adapt to the wishes of consumers. Word of mouth has not been investigated much in providing information to consumers that a store is following the trend. The study aims to examine the role of word of mouth in mediating the effects of store atmosphere and brand loyalty toward purchase decisions. The research employs a quantitative approach, with 118 respondents appropriate as the research sample. The results indicate that brand loyalty, brand image, and word of mouth directly affect purchase decisions; however, store atmosphere does not affect consumer purchase. The result also indicates that word of mouth mediates brand loyalty, brand image, and store atmosphere towards consumer purchase decisions. Based on the result, word of mouth is a prominent aspect of determining purchase decisions. Consumers decide to purchase based on information suitable to the fashion trend. Positive information leads consumers to purchase; hence, the store should emphasize and utilize word of mouth to create consumer purchase decisions.
COLUMN STUDY FOR THE CU(II) REMOVAL BY THE COCONUT SHELL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION – MLR AND GA MODELING
Authors: Sarkar Shreyashi , Bar Nirjhar , Das Sudip Kumar
Published: June 2022

Adsorption characteristics of locally available inexpensive natural adsorbent coconut shells were studied for Cu(II) removal. The present study adsorption process was carried through a fixed bed column to find out the breakthrough characteristics. The variation of operating variables is investigated, pH 6, influence Cu(II) concentration (10–30 mg·L–1), bed height (5–15 cm), the flow rate (10–30 ml·min–1). The suitability of various kinetic models has been tested. Maximum adsorption capacity, qe according to Thomas model, was 30.09 mg·g–1obtained at 20 ml/min, flow rate, 30 mg·L–1 metal solution, and 15 cm bed height. The correlation coefficient of the Thomas model ranges from 0.8260 to 0.9839. Besides this, according to the statistical parameters of the Yoon-Nelson and Yan et al. models, proving that the experimental data are suitable for this model. The statistical and GA modeling of the experimental data has also been performed successfully.
Features of Magnetic Field Switchbacks in Relation to the Local-field Geometry of Large-amplitude Alfvénic Oscillations: Wind and PSP Observations
Authors: Bourouaine Sofiane , Perez Jean C. , Raouafi Nour E. , Chandran Benjamin D. G. , Bale Stuart D. , Velli Marco
Published: June 2022

In this Letter, we report observations of magnetic switchback (SB) features near 1 au using data from the Wind spacecraft. These features appear to be strikingly similar to the ones observed by the Parker Solar Probe mission closer to the Sun: namely, one-sided spikes (or enhancements) in the solar-wind bulk speed V that correlate/anticorrelate with the spikes seen in the radial-field component B

R
. In the solar-wind streams that we analyzed, these specific SB features near 1 au are associated with large-amplitude Alfvénic oscillations that propagate outward from the Sun along a local background (prevalent) magnetic field
B

0 that is nearly radial. We also show that, when
B

0 is nearly perpendicular to the radial direction, the large-amplitude Alfvénic oscillations display variations in V that are two sided (i.e., V alternately increases and decreases depending on the vector Δ
B
=
B
−
B

0). As a consequence, SBs may not always appear as one-sided spikes in V, especially at larger heliocentric distances where the local background field statistically departs from the radial direction. We suggest that SBs can be well described by large-amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations if the field rotation is computed with respect to a well-determined local background field that, in some cases, may deviate from the large-scale Parker field.
Triggering Mechanism for Eruption of Two Filaments Observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory, Nobeyama Radioheliograph, and RHESSI
Authors: Kim Sujin , Yurchyshyn Vasyl
Published: June 2022

We investigate the eruptive process of two filaments, which is associated with an M-class flare that occurred in 2011 August 4. The filaments are partly overlapped, one in the active region and the other just beside it, and erupt together as a halo coronal mass ejection. For this study, we used the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and the Heliospheric Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Nobeyama Radioheliograph 17 GHz, and the RHESSI Hard X-ray satellite. We found three distinct phases in the microwave flux profile and in the rising pattern of the filaments during the event. In the first phase, there was weak nonthermal emission at 17 GHz and hard X-rays. Those nonthermal sources appeared on one edge of the western filament (F2) in the active region. The F2 began to be bright and rose upward rapidly, while the eastern filament (F1), which was extended to the quiet region, started to brighten from the peak time of the 17 GHz flux. In the second phase, the nonthermal emission weakened and the F2 rose up slowly, while the F1 began to rise up. In the third phase, two filaments erupted together. Since the F1 was stable for a long time in the quiet region, breaking the equilibrium state of the F1 would be decisive for the successful eruption of two filaments and it seems clear that the evolution of the F2 provoked the unstable F1. We suggest that tether-cutting reconnection between two overlapped filaments triggers the eruption of the two filaments as a tangled identity.
Isotropization and Evolution of Energy-containing Eddies in Solar Wind Turbulence: Parker Solar Probe, Helios 1, ACE, WIND, and Voyager 1
Authors: Cuesta Manuel Enrique , Chhiber Rohit , Roy Sohom , Goodwill Joshua , Pecora Francesco , Jarosik Jake , Matthaeus William H. , Parashar Tulasi N. , Bandyopadhyay Riddhi
Published: June 2022

We examine the radial evolution of correlation lengths perpendicular (

λ

C

⊥

) and parallel (

λ

C

∥

) to the magnetic-field direction, computed from solar wind magnetic-field data measured by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during its first eight orbits, Helios 1, Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), WIND, and Voyager 1 spacecraft. Correlation lengths are grouped by an interval’s alignment angle; the angle between the magnetic-field and solar wind velocity vectors (ΘBV). Parallel and perpendicular angular channels correspond to angles 0° < ΘBV < 40° and 50° < ΘBV < 90°, respectively. We observe an anisotropy in the inner heliosphere within 0.40 au, with

λ

C

∥

/

λ

C

⊥

≈
0.75

at 0.10 au. This anisotropy reduces with increasing heliocentric distance and the correlation lengths roughly isotropize within 1 au. Results from ACE and WIND support a reversal of the anisotropy, such that

λ

C

∥

/

λ

C

⊥

≈
1.29

at 1 au. The ratio does not appear to change significantly beyond 1 au, although the small number of parallel intervals in the Voyager data set precludes unambiguous conclusions from being drawn. This study provides insights regarding the radial evolution of the large, most energetic interacting turbulent fluctuations in the heliosphere. We also emphasize the importance of tracking the changes in sampling direction in PSP measurements as the spacecraft approaches the Sun, when using these data to study the radial evolution of turbulence. This can prove to be vital in understanding the more complex dynamics of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere and can assist in improving related simulations.
Consistency of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Signal with a Nanohertz Gravitational-wave Background
Authors: Goncharov Boris , Thrane Eric , Shannon Ryan M. , Harms Jan , Bhat N. D. Ramesh , Hobbs George , Kerr Matthew , Manchester Richard N. , Reardon Daniel J. , Russell Christopher J. , Zhu Xing-Jiang , Zic Andrew
Published: June 2022

Pulsar timing array experiments have recently reported strong evidence for a common-spectrum stochastic process with a strain spectral index consistent with that expected of a nanohertz-frequency gravitational-wave background, but with negligible yet non-zero evidence for spatial correlations required for a definitive detection. However, it was pointed out by the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) collaboration that the same models used in recent analyses resulted in strong evidence for a common-spectrum process in simulations where none is present. In this work, we introduce a methodology to distinguish pulsar power spectra with the same amplitude from noise power spectra of similar but distinct amplitudes. The former is the signature of a spatially uncorrelated pulsar term of a nanohertz gravitational-wave background, whereas the latter could represent ensemble pulsar noise properties. We test the methodology on simulated data sets. We find that the reported common process in PPTA pulsars is indeed consistent with the spectral feature of a pulsar term. We recommend this methodology as one of the validity tests that the real astrophysical and cosmological backgrounds should pass, as well as for inferences about the spatially uncorrelated component of the background.
No Detection of Sodium in the Atmosphere of the Warm Neptune HD 106315c
Authors: Zak Jiri , Boffin Henri M. J.
Published: June 2022

We analyzed archival data of the warm Neptune HD 106315c, an exoplanet with an extended atmosphere orbiting an F-type star with a 21 days period. We used data from the HARPS instrument covering three transits and employed the high-resolution transmission spectroscopy technique. Our analysis yielded a non-detection of sodium with an upper limit of 0.24% on the depth of the planetary feature. This can hint at the presence of Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere and/or clouds in the upper atmosphere. The HD 106315 system with its two Neptune-sized planets remains an intriguing target for comparative planetology in the starting era of JWST and the upcoming Ariel mission.
TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING CRITICAL TRANSITIONS IN WARFARE
Authors: ŠLEBIR Miha
Published: June 2022

In recent decades, the systems approach has become the dominant school of thought to the theoretical understanding of warfare. Within systems theory, the insights of complex (adaptive) systems theory have proved particularly important, enabling us to deepen our understanding of warfare by drawing on knowledge that has been applied in many other disciplines. This paper seeks to improve the understanding of warfare and upgrade it with the concepts of attractor and critical transition. The main idea is that a degradation of a crucial subsystem leads to a phase transition (a significant decrease of combat power) and thus to a shift from one to another strange attractor, i.e., to an alternative relatively stable state. The theoretical framework has been supported by a case study of the first phase of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
Taxonomic studies of bluish Mycena (Mycenaceae, Agaricales) with two new species from northern China
Authors: Na Qin , Liu Zewei , Zeng Hui , Ke Binrong , Song Zhizhong , Cheng Xianhao , Ge Yupeng
Published: June 2022

Bluish Mycena are rare, but constitute a taxonomically complex group. A total of eight bluish species in four sections have previously been reported from North America, Europe, Oceania and Asia. Two species with a blue pileus, collected in China during our taxonomic study of Mycena s.l., are described here as new to science: Mycena caeruleogriseasp. nov. and M. caeruleomarginatasp. nov. Detailed descriptions, line drawings and a morphological comparison with closely-related species, especially herbarium specimens of M. subcaerulea from the USA, are provided. The results of Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of a dataset of 96 nuclear rDNA ITS and 20 nLSU sequences of 43 Mycena species are also presented. The morphological data and the results of the phylogenetic analyses support the introduction of M. caeruleogrisea and M. caeruleomarginata as new species. A taxonomic key to bluish Mycena species of sections Amictae, Cyanocephalae, Sacchariferae and Viscipelles is provided.
La lutte contre la délinquance financière au Burkina Faso
Authors: Thiombiano Lafama Prosper
Published: June 2022

Les infractions économiques et financières, liées à l'essor de l'État moderne, connaissent une forte recrudescence au Burkina Faso. La lutte contre ces infractions économiques et financières s'organise autour d'un double volet préventif et répressif. Les moyens de prévention de la délinquance financière sont entre autres les actions policières, les textes normatifs et les institutions publiques et organes privés. Quant aux moyens de répression, la création de pôles judiciaires spécialisés dans la répression des infractions économiques et financières et la criminalité organisée a renforcé la réponse judiciaire face au phénomène. L'opérationnalisation de la structure nationale en charge de la gestion et du recouvrement des avoirs gelés, saisis ou confisqués complétera substantiellement le dispositif. La coopération pénale internationale demeure également un défi majeur au regard notamment de la nature de plus en plus transnationale des crimes et des moyens de répression.
Paul Didier, le juge qui a dit publiquement non à Pétain
Authors: Jean Jean-Paul
Published: June 2022

Le 2 septembre 1941, Paul Didier est le seul magistrat à refuser de prêter serment de fidélité au maréchal Pétain. Il est arrêté, révoqué et interné au camp de Châteaubriant avant d'être assigné à résidence. Cet acte courageux et d'une grande force symbolique n'est pas le seul engagement de cette forte personnalité tout au long de sa carrière, dans un parcours au service des valeurs de la justice. Mais, ce jour-là, le refus public du juge Didier de prêter serment, contrairement à une version reconstruite après-guerre, n'est pas concerté avec les quelques magistrats résistants qui eux prêtent serment afin de pouvoir continuer leur lutte clandestine.
À propos des Nouveaux contes juridiques de François Ost (Dalloz, 2021)
Authors: Travers de Faultrier Sandra
Published: June 2022

Faire le détour par les contes pour éclairer le réel juridique aux prises avec le réel social, telle est l'ambition de François Ost, soucieux de nourrir le débat public.
A remark on the well-posedness for a system of quadratic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Hirayama Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Shinya , Okamoto Mamoru
Published: June 2022

We consider the Cauchy problem for the system of quadratic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations, which was introduced by Colin and Colin (2004). In the previous paper, the authors (2021) determined the almost optimal Sobolev regularity to be well-posed in \begin{document}$ H^s ( \mathbb{R}^d) $\end{document} as long as we use the iteration argument. In this paper, we consider the well-posedness under the conditions where the flow map fails to be twice differentiable. To prove the well-posedness, we construct a modified energy and apply the energy method.
Spatial dynamics of an epidemic model in time almost periodic and space periodic media
Authors: Xin Ming-Zhen , Wang Bin-Guo
Published: June 2022

This paper is devoted to the study of a reaction-diffusion-advection epidemic model in time almost periodic and space periodic media. First, we obtain a threshold result on the global stability of either zero or the positive time almost periodic solution in terms of the basic reproduction ratio \begin{document}$ \mathcal{R}_0 $\end{document}. Second, we prove the existence of spreading speeds in the partially spatially homogeneous case and the general case. At last, we use numerical simulations to investigate the influence of model parameters on spreading speeds.
Advancement of the TI concept: defining the origin-of-life stages based on the succession of a bacterial cell exit from anabiosis
Authors: Kompanichenko Vladimir , El-Registan Galina
Published: June 2022

Now there is a huge variety of scenarios of prebiotic chemical evolution, culminating in the emergence of life on Earth, which demonstrates the obvious insufficiency of existing criteria for a reliable consideration of this process. This article develops the concept of thermodynamic inversion (TI concept) according to which the real succession of the formation of metabolism during the origin of life is fixed in the stages of the exit of a resting bacterial cell from anabiosis (suspended animation), just as the succession of events of phylogenesis is fixed in ontogenesis. The deepest phase of anabiosis considers by us as an intermediate state of a microorganism between non-life and life: it is no longer able to counteract the increase in entropy, but retains structural memory of the previous living state. According to the TI concept, the intermediate state between non-life and life thermodynamically corresponds to the approximate equality of the total contributions of entropy and free energy in prebiotic systems (Sc ≈ FEc). Considering such intermediate state in prebiotic systems and microorganisms as a starting point, the authors use the experimentally recorded stages of restoring the metabolic process when a resting (dormant) bacterial cell emerges from anabiosis as a guideline for identifying the sequence of metabolism origin in prebiotic systems. According to the TI concept, life originated in a pulsating updraft of hydrothermal fluid. It included four stages. 1) Self-assembly of a cluster of organic microsystems (complex liposomes). 2) Activation (formation of protocells): appearance in the microsystems a weak energy-giving process of respiration due to redox reactions; local watering in the membrane. 3) Initiation (formation of living subcells): formation of a non-enzymatic antioxidant system; dawning of the protein-synthesizing apparatus. 4) Growth (formation of living cells—progenotes): arising of the growth cell cycle; formation of the genetic apparatus.
Stationary Kirchhoff equations and systems with reaction terms
Authors: Precup Radu , Stan Andrei
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the operator approach based on the fixed point principles of Banach and Schaefer is used to establish the existence of solutions to stationary Kirchhoff equations with reaction terms. Next, for a coupled system of Kirchhoff equations, it is proved that under suitable assumptions, there exists a unique solution which is a Nash equilibrium with respect to the energy functionals associated to the equations of the system. Both global Nash equilibrium, in the whole space, and local Nash equilibrium, in balls are established. The solution is obtained by using an iterative process based on Ekeland's variational principle and whose development simulates a noncooperative game.
Outlier detection in gamma regression using Pearson residuals: Simulation and an application
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Afzal Saima , Akram Muhammad Nauman , Muse Abdisalam Hassan , Tolba Ahlam H. , Abushal Tahani A.
Published: June 2022

In data analysis, the choice of an appropriate regression model and outlier detection are both very important in obtaining reliable results. Gamma regression (GR) is employed when the distribution of the dependent variable is gamma. In this work, we derived new methods for outlier detection in GR. The proposed methods are based upon the adjusted and standardized Pearson residuals. Furthermore, a comparison of available and proposed methods is made using a simulation study and a real-life data set. The results of simulation and real-life application the evidence better performance of the adjusted Pearson residual based outlier detection approach.
Interior curvature bounds for a type of mixed Hessian quotient equations
Authors: Sheng Weimin , Xia Shucan
Published: June 2022

We derive interior curvature bounds for admissible solutions of a class of mixed Hessian curvature equations subject to affine Dirichlet data. As an application, we study a Plateau type problem for locally convex Weingarten hypersurfaces.
El canon implícito de Aristóteles: épica y tragedia en la Poética
Authors: Torres Guerra José B.
Published: June 2022

Este artículo explora el canon implícito presupuesto en la Poética de Aristóteles al objeto de identificar a los autores de épica y tragedia a los que este tratado reconoce como modélicos y en función de qué criterios. Se estudia igualmente cuáles son las obras concretas de esos autores que se presentan como canónicas en la Poética. Se concede también atención a las semejanzas y diferencias entre el canon implícito de Aristóteles y el alejandrino.
Explorando los Determinantes de la Producción de Investigación: Tipología de los Docentes Investigadores en una Universidad en Ecuador
Authors: Dávila Guillermo Antonio , Puertas-Bravo Lucia , Armijos-Valdivieso Ramiro , Avolio-Alecchi Beatrice
Published: June 2022

El propósito de esta investigación es describir el perfil investigador de los profesores universitarios en Ecuador, en función de los niveles de producción de investigación, de factores individuales (nivel de calificación académica y período de permanencia en la institución) y factores institucionales (tiempo invertido en investigación). Se aplicó el análisis de clusters a una muestra de diferentes niveles de producción científica: (1) profesores, (2) estrellas, (3) alto potencial, (4) bajo potencial y, (5) infrautilizado. Los hallazgos indican que el número de horas asignadas por la universidad para actividades de investigación, per se, no constituye un determinante de la producción de investigación de los docentes. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que las autoridades universitarias en Ecuador deben establecer estrategias específicas, basadas en estos cinco perfiles, para incrementar la producción de investigación individual. El estudio ofrece pautas específicas para mejorar las decisiones sobre la asignación de recursos para mejorar la producción de investigación individual en las universidades.
Synthesis of BaTiO3 Ceramics Using Co-Precipitation and Solid-State Reaction Method with Sintering Temperature Variation
Authors: Iriani Yofentina , Kusumandari  , Ulfa Uli , Sandi Dianisa Khoirum
Published: June 2022

Barium Titanate (BT) is one of the most intriguing ferroelectric materials widely exploited both for academic and technological utilization. The study aimed to investigate characteristics of BT ceramics Synthesized by co-precipitation (BT-C) and solid-state methods (BT-S) with variation of sintering temperatures. Here, the sintering temperatures are 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C, and 1200°C for 4 h of each The characteristics are microstructure, morphology, and dielectric properties evaluated using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Inductance-Capacitance-Resistance (LCR) meter, respectively. As results, the XRD patterns shows a pure perovskite single phase of BT was obtained by solid-state method at sintering temperature of 1000°C. While, the same result was obtained by co-precipitation at sintering temperature of 1100°C. The average crystallite size of BT-C and BT-S ceramics are in close values and getting larger with the higher sintering temperatures. Meanwhile, tetragonality of the BT-C tends to be larger as compared to the BT-S. The morphology results revealed big formed particles agglomeration (>5 μm) of the BT-C ceramics and the densities proportionally increased as the higher temperatures exhibited less porosity of ceramics. Meanwhile, the BT-S grains were visible and agglomerated in a much smaller size with the density values were different as the change of the sintering temperatures. The dielectric permittivity of the BT-C and BT-S ceramics were increased with higher sintering temperature. Further, the BT-C ceramics possessed higher permittivity than the BT-S due to high densities (less porosity) of ceramics. The highest permittivity of 1150 at 40 kHz was achieved by BT-C at 1200°C.
Wear of Seal Materials in Magnetorheological Fluid: Effect of Seal Material Selection
Authors: Žáček Jiří , Nečas David , Kubík Michal
Published: June 2022

This paper is focused on magnetorheological (MR) dampers and their critical parts in terms of damper`s durability, which seems to be a piston-rod seal. An option to reduce the wear is to choose the proper material for that purpose. The wear measurements were conducted in an accelerated and simplified mode in a modified pin-on-flat (cylinder-on-flat) configuration, which was supposed to be more suitable for laboratory testing than original configurations. Suitable commercial materials for seals, like PTFE, NBR, SBR and polyurethanes, were tested and compared in commercial MR fluid MRF-132DG by LORD Corporation. It turned out that material H-PU95FDA had had the biggest wear resistance from all tested materials and therefore it was the most suitable material for durable seals, while PTFE seals are expected to be suitable in non-durable applications with low frictional forces.
Study on the Properties of Chemical Foaming Injection Molded Polyolefin/Chitosan Composites
Authors: Lin Yao Tsung , Yang Chiu Lan , Hwang Shyh Shin , Chen Shu Mei
Published: June 2022

Chitosan is a biodegradable material with good biocompatibility. It can be used in medicine, foodstuff, the chemical industry and heavy metal adsorption. In this study, an exothermic foaming agent (Azodicarbonamide) injection molded was added to polypropylene (PP), maleic anhydride (MA) grafted PP (PPgMA) and Chitosan composites. MA served as a compatibilizer due to the poor bonding between PP and chitosan. This study investigated the effects of the modifier and chitosan loading on the tensile strength, thermal properties and morphology in chemical foam injection-molded PP and PPgMA composites. The results showed that the tensile strength decreased with the addition of chitosan, but Young’s modulus increased with the added chitosan loading. The enhancement was significant for foam injection molding. The cell size decreased and the cell density increased with the addition of chitosan for the PP/PPgMA composites. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the thermal degradation could be decreased with the addition of chitosan in both the PP and PPgMA composites. The use of foamed chitosan composites will be further investigated in the removal of heavy metal in waste water.
Predicting Global Mindset through Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Case of Information and Communication Technology Born-global in the Context of Developing Economies
Authors: Jayasuriya C. H. , Perera G. A. T. R.
Published: June 2022

The founders' cognitive element: the global mindset to become global at the inception is mostly absent from the literature on born-global. Furthermore, the scope of research into the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on a born-global global mindset in underdeveloped countries is minimal. Thus, this study aims to explore the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on the global mindset. Using the structural equation modelling (SEM) analytic technique, the research hypotheses based on the literature on entrepreneurial orientation and a global mindset are examined with a sample of 295 Sri Lankan ICT-born-global firms. The results indicate that innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness have a favourable impact on the global mindset in Sri Lankan ICT-born-global. The most important managerial takeaway from this research is that entrepreneurs should work on enhancing their entrepreneurial processes to increase their receptivity to global opportunities.
The Moderating Effect of Employee Well-Being between Employee Engagement and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mathushan P. , Kengatharan N.
Published: June 2022

Owing to globalization and dynamic business environment, organizations quest for sustaining their business performance by crafting various compelling strategies. Recently, employee engagement and well-being have gained dramatic popularity among managers and practitioners as a salient strategy to augment firm performance. Notably, the research studies on the nexus among employee engagement, employee well-being and firm performance are still nascent, and past findings are obscure. Moreover, the studies that have been conducted in developed countries cannot be generalisable to the developing countries since the variables are subject to country culture specific nature. To fill the void left by the earlier studies, the present study is designed to investigate the moderating role of employee well-being on the relationship between employee engagement and firm performance based on the sampled from Sri Lankan apparel industry. Using the convenience sampling technique, data were marshalled through a self-reported questionnaire from 177 employees working in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS. The study shows a significant positive relationship between employee engagement and firm performance. The study further reveals a moderating effect of employee well-being on the relationship between employee engagement and firm performance”. The study contributed to the fronters of extant HRM literature and provided many useful practical implications that have been discussed at the end of the paper. Importantly, the present study adds to the evolving debate on the critical role of employee engagement in enhancing firm performance through employee well-being.
Prolapsed thrombosed haemorrhoids in pregnancy – a painfully difficult problem with special considerations
Authors: Karunananda A. S.
Published: June 2022

Haemorrhoids are a very common occurrence in pregnancy with a reported incidence of about 35%. It requires a holistic approach bearing in mind that the majority of medications and procedures are of unproven safety in pregnancy or with additional risks. Lots of general measures and therapies are available but none provides instant relief of a permanent cure sans risks. Conservatism is the rule but carefully considered surgery and even early delivery may be applicable in extreme cases where a combined caesarean and definitive treatment could be considered. As the problem is so common in pregnancy and no single ideal effective solution is available, yet with so many treatment options on offer, it is imperative that the obstetrician is fully aware of the possibilities.
Bullous pemphigoid and radiotherapy: case report and literature review update
Authors: Piras Antonio , Fionda Bruno , Sanfratello Antonella , D'Aviero Andrea , Sortino Giovanni , Pernice Gianfranco , Boldrini Luca , Angileri Tommaso , Daidone Antonino
Published: June 2022

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune bullous disease generally occurring in elderly patients. Itchy and tense blisters on normal skin or erythematous and edematous lesions on the trunk and extremities usually characterize BP. Trigger factors are still unclear while several case reports suggest a potential role of radiotherapy (RT) as BP trigger for disease onset or recrudescence. A review was performed to provide an update of literature. A case report of a patient affected by BP undergoing two radiotherapy courses for a primary breast cancer was also reported. A comprehensive review of the published literature was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review included studies describing BP and its relationships with RT treatments. A total of 13 articles were reviewed. Studies characteristics analysis resulted in eleven case reports, one case series and one large-scale case– control study. Literature update confirms the existence of a reasonable connection between RT and BP. Case report showed that a multidisciplinary management seems to assure the feasibility of RT in patients affected by BP, not depriving them of standard therapeutic opportunities.
Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - Role of Non-Invasive Tests
Authors: Yelkur Kiran Kumar , Valeti Mahidhar , Kankanala Sumanth , Jekkyreddy Sahithi , Gade Mithila
Published: June 2022

Background:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is present in the majority of the patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery has been shown to improve clinical measurements and liver histology of NAFLD. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on NAFLD in Indian patients with severe obesity using noninvasive parameters.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was conducted on 67 patients who underwent bariatric surgery (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass). The Asia-Pacific Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Society guidelines were followed to ensure the indications for bariatric surgery. Data collected included anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, and other noninvasive parameters.

Results:

Fifty-four patients were included in the final analysis, with the majority being males (54.2%). The mean age was 44.77 ± 12.64 years old. One-year follow-up postsurgery demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in total weight loss and body mass index (BMI) reduction (P < 0.00001). Mean NAFLD fibrosis scores improved from −1.70 to −1.95; however, the improvement was not statistically significant (P = 0.4295). Biochemical improvement was found in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.0169) and aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.0004). Concomitantly, significant improvements in AST to Platelet Ratio Index score, BMI, AST/alanine aminotransferase ratio, diabetes score, and liver stiffness measurement on Fibroscan (8.9 ± 1.01 pka [initial] to 7.2 ± 0.40 pka [follow-up]) were observed.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest a beneficial association of bariatric surgery in NAFLD patients. Bariatric surgery is found to induce weight loss significantly and improve liver functions as measured by noninvasive parameters. Further, long-term studies are needed to consolidate these results.
Cardiac Tamponade is a Rare Presentation of Unknown Primary Malignancy
Authors: Totaganti Manjunath , Devi Yumkham M. , Chakravarthy Pradeep , Sharma Divanshee
Published: June 2022

Pericardial effusion is one of the common medical conditions in clinical practice. It can present as ranging from asymptomatic to shock as in cardiac tamponade. Underlying etiology is diverse, including infections, metabolic, autoimmune, and neoplastic. Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency, making it crucial for identification. It is treated with immediate pericardiocentesis for symptomatic management, followed by identifying the underlying cause. Here we present an interesting case, presented as cardiac tamponade with underlying malignancy.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning with Reversible Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Agarwal Mayank , Kant Ravi , Kalra Arnav , Dheeraj
Published: June 2022

Carbon monoxide (CO) can cause intoxication without the victim being aware of it. Its exposure is common in Northern India but is infrequently reported because the clinical features are non-specific. In CO poisoning, myocardial injury is a significant predictor of mortality. We present a case of a middle-aged male, found unconscious inside a closed room on a winter morning. Upon presentation, the patient was drowsy with hypotension. CO oximetry showed carboxyhemoglobin (CO-Hb) of 28.6% and brain imaging, suggestive of hypodensities in bilateral globus pallidus. The patient was managed with high flow oxygen following which his sensorium improved gradually but hypotension persisted with echocardiography showing global left ventricular dysfunction. A session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy was given after which he improved hemodynamically with resolution of cardiac dysfunction over the next 3 days. We highlight the importance of early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy as CO-induced cardiomyopathy may be reversed if timely intervention is done.
Maternal Pulse Waveform in Second Trimester and Risk of Preeclampsia
Authors: S Sharan Raj , Rasendrakumar Niruby , Sharma Nidhi
Published: June 2022

Background:

Preeclampsia is a multisystem heterogeneous disorder occurring in 4%–7% of all pregnancies.

Objectives:

This study was conducted to define the relation between arterial stiffness and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care center. The relationship between maternal pulse wave augmentation index and adverse perinatal outcome is explored in this study.

Materials and Methods:

Peripheral pulse waveform of the brachial artery and mean arterial pressure measurement was performed in the second trimester in women with singleton pregnancy. Preeclampsia was recorded in (7%) of all pregnancies.

Results:

Abnormal peripheral pulse wave augmentation in the second trimester is a good tool for the prediction of preeclampsia (sensitivity 91.23% and specificity 99.06%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Increased peripheral augmentation index (>2 SD) and mean arterial pressure measurement in combination have better detection rates for early-onset preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR).