bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discriminación interseccional: obstáculos en el acceso de las mujeres a la implementación de la ley de aborto en la atención primaria de la Región Metropolitana de Chile
Authors: Casas Lidia , Bozo Natalia , Vivaldi Lieta , Montero Adela , Álvarez Juan José , Babul Jorge
Published: May 2024

La Ley 21.030 de 2017 despenalizó la interrupción del embarazo en tres situaciones o causales específi cas en Chile luego de su prohibición total desde fi nales de 1989. El aborto como práctica y atención en salud está acompañado por resistencias culturales y desaprobación para quienes lo realizan y para quienes se someten al pro-cedimiento. Este trabajo cualitativo exploratorio indaga sobre la implementación de la Ley en la atención primaria de salud (APS), a fi n de identifi car debilidades y fortalezas en el acceso al aborto, especialmente desde una perspectiva interseccional. Se realiza-ron 19 entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales de niveles primario y secundario de atención en salud de la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Las barreras de acceso a un aborto legal son múltiples, en especial falta de información a las usuarias e insufi ciente información y capacitación al personal de salud. La calidad de la atención que recibe la mujer gestante está infl uenciada por características en que se entrecruzan condición socioeconómica, educacional, migratoria, lingüística y otras para producir una discri-minación interseccional. El estudio resalta la necesidad de incluir en los servicios y políticas de salud un enfoque interseccional que garantice los derechos de las usuarias del sistema de salud pública
PROBLEMS AND PRIORITIES FOR PREVENTING UNDECLARED LABOUR IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bogush Larysa
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the scale of undeclared labour in Ukraine and to study the problems, principles and prospects of its prevention in unstable socio-economic conditions. Methodology. In line with the EU and ILO methodology, the State Labour Service of Ukraine interprets undeclared labour as legal paid activity that is not fully or partially registered in accordance with the law. Results. Undeclared work plays an important role in the practice of business management and competitiveness stimulation in countries with industrial, neo-industrial and post-industrial economies, which has been developed almost since the middle of the 20th century. The paper proves that undeclared work is a broader concept that includes legalised (both official and manipulative) as well as shadowy mechanisms of its occurrence and functioning. Given the problematic performance by the State Labour Service of Ukraine of its inspection and sanctioning powers, as well as the widespread use of non-standard labour relations (with mediation in the performance of employer functions, outsourcing of auxiliary, service and some specialised personnel to companies), tariff-free remuneration systems encourage numerous manipulations in the area of labour declaration and decent wages. The source of problems with the spread of remuneration systems based on an assessment of the complexity of the work performed and the qualifications of employees, as well as with ensuring decent working conditions for agency (loan, temporary) workers, is the unclear legislative regulation of these systems. Practical implications. The priorities for preventing undeclared labour in Ukraine are: a consistent increase in the share of wages in the structure of production costs; strengthening cross-control over the fulfilment of obligations to pay the minimum wage under the tariff-free and hourly wage systems; and the introduction of a sound methodology for harmonising the minimum wage, the subsistence minimum and other basic social standards linked to them. Value/Оriginality. The expediency of identifying institutionalised and manipulative mechanisms of undeclared labour, their formal and illegal bases is confirmed by the classification of the main forms of undeclared labour used by the EU, ILO and the State Labour Service of Ukraine; this approach will increase the complexity and effectiveness of systemic measures to regulate it (control, mitigation, prevention).
Sabahattin Ali’nin “Bir Siyah Fanila İçin” Hikâyesinin Umberto Eco’nun “Örnek Okur” Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Ertan
Published: May 2024

Sabahattin Ali, Toplumcu Gerçekçi bir yazar kimliğiyle gerçekliklerden yola çıkarak toplumun arızlarını, görevini layıkıyla yerine getirmeyen memurları, ezen-ezilen in-sanları, toplumsal normların insan üzerindeki yansımalarını, aşkları, yalnızlıkları eserlerine konu etmiştir. Bir Siyah Fanila İçin hikâyesinde de Sabahattin Ali, insan-muhit uyumsuzluğu atmosferinde kişisel yaşam felsefesinin ayırdına varan Kaymakam Ömer’in kendi olarak yaşama arzusunu konu eder. Ömer, hikâyenin sonunda herkesleşip toplum beklentilerini öncelemek yerine, İstanbul’da siyah fanilası ile samimi ve mutlu bir ayakkabı boyacısı olmayı tercih eder. Anadolu’nun unutulmuşluğunun yanı sıra memurların nitelikten yoksun hâllerinin de vurgulandığı hikâye, dönemsel zihniyetin anlaşılmasına da olanak sağlar. Çalışmada yöntem olarak edebî metin anlamlandırması ve içerik çözümlemesi kullanılmıştır. Kabul edilebilir ki metinler okura bağlı olarak yeni anlamlar üretirler. Bu anlayışla Umberto Eco’nun dikkat çektiği aşırı yorum tuzağına düşmeden görünenin altındaki manaya ulaşmak hikâyenin anlam katmanlarına nüfuz edebilmek çalışmanın ana hedefi olacaktır. Bu hedef doğrultusunda hikâye, Umberto Eco’nun kavramsallaştırdığı yazarla okurun iş birliğine dayanan örnek okur titizliğiyle ele alınmıştır. Hikâye, birinci düzey okur için bir aydın-halk çatışması izlenimi verse de örnek “okur için” Ömer’in bulunduğu çevreden kaçış ar-zusunun altında Walter Benjamin’in kavramsallaştırdığı flâneur kavramına denk düşen aylak yaşam özlemi olduğu çalışmada tespit edilmiştir.
Evaluation of Disaster Perception Levels of University Students: A Sample Application Study
Authors: Demirağ Özgül , Doğan Onur
Published: May 2024

Disasters are important events that are difficult to predict and occur in various ways, often with high destructive power. Earthquakes, floods, droughts, major industrial accidents, famine, technological accidents, epidemics, etc. are only a few of the major types of disas-ters that mankind has been exposed to from past to present. In recent years, natural and unnatural disaster events have been observed both in Turkey (Düzce-earthquake, 1999; Giresun-Dereli-flood-flood, 2020; Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık-earthquake, 2023) and in many other parts of the world (Sumatra-tsunami, 2004; Ecuador-earthquake, 2016; USA-hurricane-storm, 2023). The impact of disasters is often not limited to one region but can spread over a wide area. As a matter of fact, the impact of this destruction can be reduced at some point thanks to various measures that can be taken before the disaster. For exam-ple, identification of regional risks, early warning systems, crisis management, emergency action plans, etc. can be considered within the scope of these measures. Another important issue is to increase the level of disaster awareness of the society. Especially in regions where disaster risk maps have been prepared, such awareness raising activities can be carried out to make the reaction of the society against disasters more controlled and conscious. The aforementioned issues constitute the main objective of this study.
This study was conducted to evaluate the disaster awareness levels of Gümüşhane Univer-sity central campus students. The data obtained in the study were analyzed using SPPS 25 statistical program. In the study, a 5-point Likert scale was used to measure disaster risk perception. In the study, frequency analysis test, Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney U test were performed. As a result of the analysis, it was analyzed at 5% level of significance (p<0.05) and it is stated in the tables as arithmetic mean, standard deviation and percent-age of the number of individuals. Accordingly, as a result of the non-parametric Mann Whitney-U test, no significant difference was found between the groups. As a result of the non-parametric Mann Whitney-U test conducted to determine whether the disaster risk perception sub-dimension scores of the students differed significantly according to the gender variable, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups at the p<0.05 level in favor of the group exposed to disaster.
The American Board and the Lausanne Conference Processes
Authors: Alan Gülbadi , Kuş Ayşegül
Published: May 2024

This study aims to deal with and analyse how the American Board missionaries viewed both the process leading to the Lausanne Conference and the Treaty of Lausanne through the Missionary Herald, the journal of the American Board and to cast a light upon the views of America and the missionaries towards the new Ankara government within the framework of the Treaty of Lausanne. Thus, it is intended to show on which basis America built its relations with the newly established Turkish state after the collapse of the Ottoman State, and on which principles of this relationship are founded.
In line with this purpose, the process leading to the Treaty of Lausanne and the Lausanne Treaty has been chosen as an example. In other words, case study analysis, one of the qualitative research patterns, was used to understand and evaluate the relations between the United States and the newly established Turkish state, and the study was mainly based on the information given by the American Board missionaries regarding the Lausanne Treaty. The data obtained were analysed through the descriptive analysis method, which allows the data to be summarised and interpreted within the framework of predetermined themes and to examine the cause-effect relationship in the quotations.
As a result of the Treaty of Lausanne, missionary organisations were now completely subjected to Turkish law and lost their foreignness and privileges. For the American Board missionaries in Turkey, the behaviour of the American government officials that led to all these developments were considered "tragic mistakes that could not be corrected". Despite this view, the treaty made it possible to make more precise plans for the continuation of missionary initiatives in Turkey. The rights and privileges expected in the work to be carried out were finalised with this treaty.
Forum: Infrastructure
Authors: Lounela Anu , Korpela Mari
Published: May 2024

It was Europe’s wake up call: the news reported that a huge gas pipeline running across the Baltic Sea from Russia to Germany had exploded (Oltermann 2022). The explosion caused a release of gas and ruptured the pipeline, abruptly stopping the flow of gas. In the aftermath of the Russian attack and war on Ukraine, we have seen time and again how infrastructure becomes the main stage for power struggles and politics (infrastructure destroyed for various reasons) on the one hand, and how today’s infrastructures scale up to a global level and then back down to local arenas, affecting the lives of millions of people, on the other. While the pipeline explosion is only one recent example of the impact and mobilisation of infrastructures in today’s fragile global context, it well illustrates the ways in which infrastructures create and dismantle relationships, politics, connections, and disconnections, sometimes on a massive scale.
A study on a model of intercultural learning contents and methods
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Hong Jong Youl
Published: May 2024

This study is a model study on the contents and methods of intercultural learning. Starting with a discussion of the intercultural learning model construct, it presents key contents important for intercultural learning and learning methods that can increase the effectiveness of intercultural learning. Also, we actually conducted the above learning program at the learning site and discussed the observations and results. It was a case study that allowed us to test the effectiveness of cultural intelligence theory, the latest theory that can improve intercultural competency. In addition, in order for the cultural intelligence theory to be effective in the learning process, it was found that the PBL method, which allows learners to solve problems on their own, rather than cramming education, is useful. Additionally, it was found that the ARCS model was also very effective in motivating and maintaining learners' continuous motivation. At this time, the instructor was also able to see that the effect increases when the role of catalyst becomes the main one.
Integrity Guarantee System in IoT Virtual Environment Platform: Through Hyperedfger Indy and MQTT
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Hong Yoosung , Kim Geun-Hyung
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we propose a system that improves the data integrity of IoT(Internet of Things) devices in the virtual environment by combining Hyperledger Indy and MQTT(Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). The system complements the limitations of the centralized system by realizing a DPKI(Decentralized Public Key Infrastructure) structure that utilizes a distributed network in publish-subscribe(pub/sub) pattern communication. Digital signature technology was applied to ensure the data integrity of IoT devices and communication scenarios between the four core components of the client, IoT device, broker, and blockchain, as well as a topic structure using a decentralized identifier to ensure safety in the virtual environment. We present a systematic method for transparent data exchange. To prove the performance of the proposed system, this paper conducted experiments on four scenarios and evaluated communication performance in a virtual environment. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed system provides a reliable IoT data communication structure in a virtual environment.
Incorporating BERT-based NLP and Transformer for An Ensemble Model and its Application to Personal Credit Prediction
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, P P , P P , P P
Published: May 2024

Tree-based algorithms have been the dominant methods used build a prediction model for tabular data. This also includes personal credit data. However, they are limited to compatibility with categorical and numerical data only, and also do not capture information of the relationship between other features. In this work, we proposed an ensemble model using the Transformer architecture that includes text features and harness the self-attention mechanism to tackle the feature relationships limitation. We describe a text formatter module, that converts the original tabular data into sentence data that is fed into FinBERT along with other text features. Furthermore, we employed FT-Transformer that train with the original tabular data. We evaluate this multi-modal approach with two popular tree-based algorithms known as, Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting, XGBoost and TabTransformer. Our proposed method shows superior Default Recall, F1 score and AUC results across two public data sets. Our results are significant for financial institutions to reduce the risk of financial loss regarding defaulters.
Keadilan dan Dukungan Organisasi: Pengaruh terhadap Komitment dan Turnover Intention dengan Dimediasi Keterikatan Karyawan
Authors: Verdian Verdian , Hosen Chandra
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to examine the impact of Perceived Distributive Justice, Perceived Procedural Justice, and Perceived Organizational Support on Organizational Commitment and Employees' Intentions to Leave the Company, with Employee Engagement as a mediating factor at PT Tekun Jaya Utama. Additionally, it offers recommendations for PT Tekun Jaya Utama to enhance organizational commitment and mitigate employees' intentions to leave. Employing a quantitative approach, data were collected from 51 respondents through questionnaire distribution among PT Tekun Jaya Utama employees using probability sampling with a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted using Smart-PLS 3.0 software. The findings shows that the significant effects of justice and organizational support on organizational commitment and employees' intentions to leave. However, the overall mediating effect of employee engagement was found to be insignificant in this study. These results underscore the importance of justice and organizational support in shaping organizational commitment and turnover intentions among employees.
Pengaruh Dimensi-Dimensi Pembentuk Merek Perusahaan Pemberi-Kerja terhadap Niat Melamar Pekerjaan dengan Reputasi Perusahaan sebagai Peubah Pemediasi
Authors: Obala Tifani , Novita Novita
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dimensi-dimensi pembentuk merek perusahaan pemberi-kerja (employer brand)terhadap niat melamar pekerjaan, dengan reputasi perusahaan sebagai peubahpemediasi. Untuk pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel probabilitas dengan metode acak sederhana dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 105 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dimensi nilai ekonomi dan nilai aplikasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap reputasi perusahaan, sedangkan nilai inovasi, nilai pengembangan dan nilai sosial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap reputasi perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan reputasi perusahaan memengaruhi niat melamar pekerjaan secara signifikan.
Kata kunci: employer branding, reputasi perusahaan, niat melamar pekerjaan.
The Relationship Between Tourism, Dog Ownership and Sustainability
Authors:   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, PÁLINKÁS Réka , KINCZEL Antonia ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, MÜLLER Anetta ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
Published: May 2024

The interplay between tourism and dog ownership presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities for sustainability. The relationship between tourism, dog ownership, and sustainability forms a complex nexus that is becoming increasingly relevant in contemporary socio-economic and environmental contexts. Tourism significantly impacts local economies and environments, and its relationship with dog ownership manifests in various ways. Tourist destinations that promote pet-friendly policies can see an increase in visitor numbers as dog owners are more inclined to visit places where their pets are welcomed. This can lead to increased spending in these areas but also poses potential sustainability challenges such as increased waste production and environmental degradation. Conversely, the presence of dogs in tourist areas can enhance the visitor experience, encouraging longer stays and promoting mental and physical well-being through pet interaction. This aspect can lead to a more sustainable form of tourism that values longer visits over quick, high-impact travel. However, managing the environmental impact of a larger number of pets, including waste management and habitat disturbance, is crucial for sustainability. Sustainability in the context of tourism and dog ownership also extends to the practices of accommodations and tourist attractions, such as the provision of eco-friendly pet amenities, promoting responsible pet ownership, and ensuring that tourism development does not harm local wildlife and ecosystems.
As disputas em torno da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e a Pedagogia histórico-crítica
Authors: Melo Menezes Bernardes Viviane Margarida , Rodrigues Wildes Jesus
Published: May 2024

Busca-se neste trabalho adentrar nos debates que envolvem a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) publicada em 2018. Apresenta-se inicialmente algumas das perspectivas em que as disputas que envolvem as políticas públicas educacionais podem ser compreendidas, percebendo-as como disputas complexas que perpassam diferentes âmbitos teórico-metodológicos. Posteriormente, explora-se algumas das principais críticas ao documento a partir da Pedagogia histórico-crítica. Nas considerações finais, reflete-se brevemente o enfrentamento às problemáticas apontadas, salientando o papel da Pedagogia histórico-crítica e desafia-se à novas pesquisas sobre as políticas educacionais e as diretrizes da educação escolar no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa e a discussão bibliográfica, priorizando-se produções já referenciadas em outros estudos. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para uma introdução aos debates em torno da BNCC e, assim, na formação continuada dos profissionais que atuam na Educação Básica, buscando perspectivas que caminhe na direção de uma educação transformadora da realidade e promotora da justiça social.
Obstrucción intestinal parcial por invaginación en una paciente joven con antecedente de síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers
Authors: Briceño-Morales Clara , Castrillón-Gallego Alejandra , Blanco-Betancur Mariana , Castro-Palencia Erika Fernanda
Published: May 2024

El síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers (SPJ) es una entidad poco frecuente, con un patrón de herencia autosómica dominante, causado por la mutación del gen STK11, el cual codifica para una enzima proteína quinasa de serina/treonina que actúa como un supresor tumoral 1. Su incidencia estimada es de 1 por cada 25.000-300.000 nacidos vivos y no muestra preferencia por sexo o etnia 2. Suele diagnosticarse en la infancia debido a las complicaciones derivadas de la aparición de múltiples pólipos hamartomatosos a nivel gastrointestinal y a la presencia de máculas hiperpigmentadas mucocutáneas 3. El riesgo de cáncer en los pacientes con SPJ es alto, particularmente para cáncer de mama, colon y páncreas 1.
Homenaje póstumo al doctor Hernando Abaúnza Orjuela, MD, FACS (Hon)† 1934-2023
Authors: Petrone Patrizio
Published: May 2024

El 14 de agosto de 2023 fallece el profesorHernando Abaúnza Orjuela en la ciudad de Bogotá,Colombia, a la edad de 88 años. Al cumplirse unaño de su partida, este editorial tiene el objetivode conmemorar su vida y su legado.
USUÁRIOS HIPERTENSOS: CAUSAS E FREQUÊNCIA DE ATENDIMENTOS EM UNIDADE DE PRONTO ATENDIMENTO
Authors: Pinto Gisele de Souza , Santos Pereira Helena Nayara , Camargo Ana Júlia , Rodrigues Rafaela Carla Piotto , Uehara Sílvia Carla da Silva André
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil demográfico e clínico e a frequência de usuários hipertensos atendidos em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento e relacionar com a adscrição em Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva e documental. Foram analisados os atendimentos de hipertensos a uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva; teste de qui-quadrado e regressão logística. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Foram analisados 1564 prontuários, sendo 61% (954) mulheres e 28% (440). Destes, 65% (1017) eram assintomáticos para a hipertensão arterial sistêmica; 35% (553) dos atendimentos foram considerados frequentes entre os residentes em áreas cobertas pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família. A variável sexo apresentou associação com a frequência de atendimento na unidade de pronto atendimento, p<0,05. Conclusão: Considera-se a necessidade de fortalecer o vínculo entre usuários e as Redes de Atenção à Saúde e organizar um fluxograma de atendimento construído pela equipe multiprofissional. Contribuições para a prática: ferramenta para refletir e repensar o fluxo de atendimento dos pacientes com hipertensão e de seus agravamentos, assim como analisar a demanda de uma unidade de pronto atendimento e auxiliar na estruturação da Rede de Atenção à Saúde
GCK rs1799884 Polymorphism and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A System Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Yong , Wang Ao , Yi Ke
Published: May 2024

Background: The correlation among Glucokinase (GCK) rs1799884 polymorphism and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial, as previous studies have reported inconsistent findings. The potential relationship among the GCK rs1799884 polymorphism and GDM risk was examined by a meta-analysis. Methods: In order to find relevant studies for our investigation, we performed an extensive search across multiple databases, such as Ovid, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Web of Science. Afterward, the link among the GDM risk and GCK rs1799884 polymorphism was evaluated by employing either random-effects models or fixed-effects to compute 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and pooled odds ratios (ORs). Results: This meta-analysis comprised a total of 11 studies. The findings revealed that the GCK rs1799884 polymorphism was linked to a decreased risk of GDM across all examined models. The pooled analysis demonstrated a substantial link, with the corresponding 95% CIs and the following ORs: Allele contrast: 0.80 (0.73–0.88), recessive model 0.81 (0.76–0.88), homozygote 0.60, (0.49–0.73), heterozygote 0.84, (0.78–0.91), dominant model 0.59, (0.48–0.72). Conclusions: The GCK rs1799884 variant, according to the current meta-analysis, may act as a genetic biomarker of GDM. The investigation was registered on PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/) under registration number CRD42023492185.
Promoter Methylation Changes in DNA Damage-Response Genes in Ovarian Cancer and Their Correlation with Prognosis
Authors: He Wanhong , Zhu Haijun , Zhang Sufen , Shu Guang , Lei Han , Yin Gang , Ni Xiaohua , Wang Maonan , Wu Qihan
Published: May 2024

Background: Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis, and DNA damage-response (DDR) genes are associated with both its occurrence and prognosis. However, previous studies have mostly focused on genetic mutations, with no clear conclusions on epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation. Methods: In this study, we comprehensively investigated the relationship between promoter methylation of DDR genes and ovarian cancer prognosis. We performed combined multidata analysis of the promoter methylation, expression, homologous recombination defieiency (HRD) score, and drug sensitivity of 377 DDR genes in ovarian cancer by utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. We then validated abnormal promoter methylation and its relationship with overall survival in clinical samples. Results: Our analysis identified 52 methylation-driven DDR genes that exhibited abnormal expression due to abnormal promoter methylation. These genes are mostly related to BRCA1-related DNA damage repair and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Further studies revealed six of these genes, BRCA1, PTTG1, TTK, AURKA, CDC6, and E2F1, to be significantly associated with HRD scores. Among them, E2F1, PTTG1, and CDC6 are associated with drug sensitivity. Finally, we verified in 81 ovarian cancer samples that methylation of the promoter of these three genes was significantly associated with patient survival. Conclusions: Our study identified a large number of methylation-driven aberrantly expressed DDR genes in ovarian cancer, some of which affect disease prognosis. Levels of methylation of these gene promoters may serve as potential prognostic markers.
Investigation on Fermented Milk Quality after the Addition of Flaxseed Mucilage and the Use of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AG9
Authors: Sungatullina Alya , Petrova Tatyana , Nikitina Elena
Published: May 2024

Background: Flaxseed mucilage (FSM) is one of the healthy components of flaxseed. FSM is an example of a material that can be used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its rheological properties. FSM consists mainly of two polysaccharides, arabinoxylan, and rhamnogalacturonan I, and it also contains protein components and minerals. The prospect of using FSM in food is due to its gelling, water binding, emulsifying, and foaming properties. In addition, valuable natural sources of phenolic compounds such as lignans, phenolic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and tannins are partially extracted from flaxseed in FSM. These antioxidant components have pharmacological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. A combination of FSM and lactobacilli in dairy foods can improve their functional properties. This study aimed to develop dairy products by adding of FSM and using two lactic acid bacteria (LAB). FSM (0.2%) was used as an ingredient to improve both the texture and antioxidant properties of the product. Methods: Skim milk was fermented with 0.2% flaxseed mucilage using Lactobacillus delbrueckii subs. bulgaricus and the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AG9. The finished fermented milk products were stored at 4 °C for 14 days. Quantitative chemical, textural, and antioxidant analyses were carried out. Results: Adding 0.2% FSM to the dairy product stimulated the synthesis of lactic acid. FSM increased the viscosity and water-holding capacity of L. bulgaricus or L. bulgaricus/L. plantarum AG9 fermented milk products. Combining these starter strains with FSM promoted the formation of a hard, elastic, resilient casein matrix in the product. When only L. plantarum AG9 was used for the fermentation, the dairy product had a high syneresis and a low viscosity and firmness; such a product is inferior in textural characteristics to the variant with commercial L. bulgaricus. The addition of FSM improved the textural properties of this variant. The use of L. plantarum AG9 and FSM makes it possible to obtain a fermented milk product with the highest content of polyphenolic compounds, which have the highest antioxidant properties and stimulate lipase and α-glucosidase inhibitor synthesis. Combining of L. bulgaricus and L. plantarum AG9 in the starter (20% of the total mass of the starter) and adding of 0.2% FSM is the optimal combination for obtaining a dairy product with high textural and antioxidant properties. Conclusions: The physicochemical properties (viscosity, syneresis, water holding capacity, texture) and antioxidant properties of fermented milk were improved. In the future, as part of the work to investigate the functional properties of dairy products with FSM, studies will be conducted using in in vivo models.
Harnessing the Power of Traditional Organic Formulations for Crop Growth and Microbial Harmony
Authors: Yuvasri Errakutty Arunan , Anandham Rangasamy , Balachandar Dananjeyan , Senthilkumar Murugaiyan , Thiyageshwari Subramaniam , Vincent Saminathan
Published: May 2024

The utilization of various agrochemicals in crop production technology leads to soil health and fertility depletion. Multiple measures have been taken to revitalize the health of polluted soil. In this context, organic agriculture has increased over the past few years to overcome the detrimental effects of extensive modern agricultural practices. Several traditional organic formulations, such as panchagavya, jeevamurtha, beejamurtha, bokashi, etc., are vital in converting polluted farmlands into organic. Various countries have their own organic formulations to improve crop growth and yield. These formulations are rich sources of many macro and micronutrients, growth-promoting phytohormones, and provide resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Apart from these benefits, these formulations consist of several groups of beneficial microorganisms that belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria, while some of the novel groups of microorganisms were also reported from the ingredients used in the preparation of these organic formulations. These microorganisms can solubilize nutrients such as phosphorous and zinc, oxidize sulfur, reduce nitrate, and are also involved in the production of indole acetic acid, ethylene reduction enzyme (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase), and organic acids that promote plant growth and induce resistance in the plant system. Hence, the utilization of traditional organic formulations helps in the reclamation of environmental health without compromising crop yields. This review describes the importance of organic farming, the preparation and application of different types of traditional organic formulations in different countries, and the microbial composition and mechanism of growth promotion of different traditional organic formulations.
Brexpiprazole Prevents the Malignant Progression of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells and Increases Its Sensitivity to EGFR Inhibition
Authors: Long Xiaoyi , Liu Xiaojie , Xia Wenjun , Liu Lu , Chen Wei
Published: May 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. A study proved that brexpiprazole, as a novel dopamine receptor partial agonist, can also prevent CRC cell proliferation. Therefore, clarifying the molecular mechanism of brexpiprazole is vital to developing a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC. Methods: The effect of brexpiprazole on human colorectal cancer cell proliferation was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) kits. Cell migration capability was measured using wound healing and transwell. Cell apoptosis was evaluated with a flow cytometer. Western blots and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate protein expression. The effects observed in vitro were also confirmed in xenograft models. Results: Brexpiprazole remarkably inhibited the proliferation, suppressed the migration ability, and induced apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Mechanism study showed that brexpiprazole exerted these effects by inhibiting the EGFR pathway. Brexpiprazole enhanced HCT116 cells’ sensitivity to cetuximab, and a combination of brexpiprazole and cetuximab inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: Our finding suggested that brexpiprazole inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and enhances CRC cells’ sensitivity to cetuximab by regulating the EGFR pathway and it might be an efficacious treatment strategy for CRC.
F2RL3 Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer through the Rap1/MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ma Jun , Shi Yongkang , Lu Qiliang , Huang Dongsheng
Published: May 2024

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages, when cancer cells have already metastasized. Therefore, patients with GC have a low survival rate and poor prognosis even after treatment. Methods: We downloaded GC-related RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data, copy number variation (CNV) data, and clinical data for bioinformatics analysis to screen prognostic genes of GC. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and survival analyses were performed on the RNA-Seq data, and differential and correlation analyses were conducted on the CNV data to obtain CNV-driven differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Prognostic genes were identified through univariate Cox analyses of the CNV-driven DEGs, combined with the clinical data. F2R like thrombin or trypsin receptor 3 (F2RL3) was finally selected for verification after functional and survival analyses of the prognostic genes. Results: F2RL3 expression was lower in paracancer tissue than in GC tissue, and lower in GES-1 gastric epithelial cells than in GC cells. The cell culture supernatants from F2RL3-knockdown GC cells were collected and used to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It was observed that F2RL3 enhanced the activity, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis of GC cells; promoted the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells; and impacted the Ras-associated protein 1 (Rap1)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. To further explore the involvement of the Rap1/MAPK pathway in GC development, a pathway activator was added to GC cells with knockdown of F2RL3 expression. This pathway activator not only enhanced the activity, invasion, and migration of GC cells but also promoted the EMT and blood vessel formation. Conclusions: F2RL3 regulates the angiogenesis and EMT of GC cells through the Rap1/MAPK pathway, thus influencing the onset and progression of GC.
The α-Gal KO Mouse Animal Model is a Reliable and Predictive Tool for the Immune-Mediated Calcification Assessment of Heart Valve Bioprostheses
Authors: Naso Filippo , Gandaglia Alessandro , Sturaro Giulio , Galli Cesare , Melder Robert J.
Published: May 2024

Background: Recent studies highlighted the presence of anti-α-Gal antibodies in patients implanted with commercial bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs). BHVs expose residual α-Gal xenoantigen and their recognition by the circulating anti-Gal antibodies leads to opsonization of the device’s tissue component with the consequent triggering of a deterioration pathway that culminates with calcification. Small animal models such as mice and rats have been broadly involved in the in vivo testing of biomaterials by subcutaneous implantation, especially for the effectiveness of BHVs anti-calcific treatments. However, since models employed for this purpose express α-Gal antigen, the implantation of BHVs’ leaflets does not elicit a proper immunological response, so the calcification propensity may be dramatically underestimated. Methods: An α-Gal knockout (KO) mouse model has been created, using the CRISP/Cas9 approach, and adopted to assess the calcification potential of commercial BHVs leaflets through the surgical implantation in the back subcutis area. Calcium quantification was performed by inductively coupled plasma analysis; immune response against the BHVs leaflets and α-Gal silencing was evaluated through immunological assays. Results: Two months after the implantation of commercial BHV leaflets, the anti-Gal antibody titers in KO mice doubled when compared with those found in wild-type (WT) ones. Leaflets explanted from KO mice, after one month, showed a four-time increased calcium deposition concerning the ones explanted from WT. The degree of silencing of α-Gal varied, depending on the specific organ that was assessed. In any case, the animal model was suitable for evaluating implanted tissue responses. Conclusions: Such mouse model proved to be an accurate tool for the study of the calcific propensity of commercial BHVs leaflets than those hitherto used. Given its reliability, it could also be successfully used to study even other diseases in which the possible involvement of α-Gal has been observed.
The Complexity of Neuropathic Pain and Central Sensitization: Exploring Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects
Authors: Ma Yan-chao , Kang Ze-biao , Shi Yong-qiang , Ji Wen-yi , Zhou Wen-ming , Nan Wei
Published: May 2024

Neuropathic pain is a common pain syndrome, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The mechanism of neuropathic pain is complex. Peripheral tissue injury can trigger peripheral sensitization; however, what really plays a key role is the sensitization of the central nervous system. Central sensitization is a key factor in the perception of chronic pain. Central sensitization refers to the increased sensitivity of the central nervous system to pain treatment, which is related to the change of the functional connection mode of the neural network. The current study aims to reveal the basic molecular mechanisms of central sensitization, including the involvement of P2 purine X4 receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In terms of treatment, although there are drugs and physical therapy, the accuracy of targeting is limited and the efficacy needs to be further improved. Future therapeutic strategies may involve the development of new drugs designed to specifically inhibit the central sensitization process. This article focuses on the effector molecules involved in central sensitization, aiming to elucidate the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and provide a basis for the development of more effective treatment models.
Correlation Analysis of Multi-Scale Ictal EEG Signals in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Authors: Yang Qian , Wang Chen , Liu Lingfeng , Wang Yuling , Chen Ying , Zhang Meiyun
Published: May 2024

Background: To explore the time-frequency structure and cross-scale coupling of electroencephalography (EEG) signals during seizure in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), correlations between different leads, as well as dynamic evolution in epileptic discharge, progression and end of seizure were examined. Methods: EEG data were obtained for 10 subjects with JME and 10 normal controls and were decomposed using gauss continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The phase amplitude coupling (PAC) relationship between the 11th (4.57 Hz) and 17th (0.4 Hz) scale was investigated. Correlations were examined between the 11th and 17th scale EEG signals in different leads during seizure, using multi-scale cross correlation analysis. Results: The time-frequency structure of JME subjects showed strong rhythmic activity in the 11th and 17th scales and a close PAC was identified. Correlation analysis revealed that the ictal JME correlation first increased in the anterior head early in seizure and gradually expanded to the posterior head. Conclusion: PAC was exhibited between the 11th and 17th scales during JME seizure. The results revealed that the correlation in the anterior leads was higher than the posterior leads. In the perictal period, the 17th scale EEG signal preceded the 11th scale signal and remained for some time after a seizure. This suggests that the 17th scale signal may play an important role in JME seizure.
Managing Legal and Corporate Compliance to Induce and Enhance Business
Authors: Widjaja Gunawan
Published: May 2024

Compliance management is an important part of the business world, and organizations must ensure their compliance with prevailing applicable regulations and standards. In compliance management, organizations need to understand applicable regulations, codes of conduct, and risk assessments, to be able to develop clear and constantly updated policies and procedures. Training and education for employees are also important to ensure understanding and compliance with the rules of law. Effective monitoring, audits, and reporting mechanisms must be implemented to identify breaches of compliance and address problems promptly and accurately. Consistent and fair sanctions and enforcement of rules must also be implemented to encourage compliance and prevent violations. By implementing effective compliance management, organizations can maintain a good reputation, reduce the risk of law breaches, and ensure operational sustainability. It is also important to always consult with a legal expert in respect of compliance to ensure proper compliance in accordance with applicable regulations.
Mitigation of A Sinkhole in Nashville, Tennessee: A Case Study with Compaction Grouting Approach
Authors: Alimohammadi Hossein , Memon Ashfaq A.
Published: May 2024

Sinkholes pose significant challenges to the stability and safety of infrastructure, requiring thorough investigation and effective mitigation strategies. This study examines a persistent sinkhole issue along a driveway in Nashville, Tennessee, which has intermittently caused pavement subsidence and dropout for several years, despite repeated repair attempts. A comprehensive investigation was undertaken, including site visits, field drilling operations, and assessments of soil, rock, and groundwater. Subsurface exploration revealed a complex geological profile dominated by the Hermitage Formation from the Ordovician Period, with karst-prone geology contributing to soil erosion and ground subsidence risks. Varying soil and rock conditions were observed, with fill materials covering natural clay and limestone bedrock. Several mitigation options were considered, including conventional inverted rock filter sinkhole repair, constructing a land bridge, and compaction grouting. After careful review, compaction grouting emerged as the preferred method due to its effectiveness in stabilizing the area and preventing future sinkhole occurrences, while also being practical and cost-effective. The proposed repair strategy involving compaction grouting is detailed, covering methodology, materials, and construction specifications. Recommendations emphasize the importance of implementing the compaction grouting program, based on evaluations and consultations with specialists. This study offers valuable insights into sinkhole mitigation strategies applicable to similar geological conditions worldwide, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and maintenance to address potential future sinkhole occurrences. Additionally, the findings are expected to inform the development of improved design standards and construction practices for sinkhole repairs in karstic areas, not only in Tennessee but also in other regions facing similar geotechnical challenges.
Bird Flu in Cattle - Strong Evidence the Alleged Infection is a Technical Falsehood
Authors: Mueller Siguna
Published: May 2024

The recent reports of bird flu infection in cattle in the U.S. have triggered concerns that (unpasteurized) milk or meat from affected animals could be unsafe for consumption and raised fear the virus could further evolve, spill over to humans, and cause another major pandemic with an expected fatality much higher than for COVID-19. The identification of the viral infection in cattle, based on PCR testing of mild or asymptomatic cases, raises similar questions as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the USDA has publicized the genetic information of the bird flu virus, apparently isolated from numerous hosts including birds, cattle, and other mammals.This article gives an independent analysis of what is meant by “positive cases” and the “confirmed” presence of the virus. Specifically, a closer inspection of the genetic analysis reveals several gaps similar to those only recently discovered involving whole-genome sequencing protocols that remain largely unaccounted. The infection in cattle poses an additional challenge via environmentally derived viral genome fragments that these animals are constantly exposed to. The issue of contamination via off-target gene fragments during whole-genome sequencing has previously been widely underappreciated, even in much simpler contexts such as the sequencing of bacterial isolates. The type of contamination in the context of H5N1 and cattle is more complex and does not seem to ever have been considered before and appears technically challenging to resolve, if at all possible.Combined with several other considerations, this gives strong evidence the presumed confirmed positive cases are simply the result of some technological errors. The publicly available genomic data from WGS are likely severely biased and will, therefore, adversely affect any downstream analyses. The article closes with recommendations to help regain public trust in public health agencies and their recommendations.
Time flips and price dips: Modeling preference reversals between intertemporal choice and pricing
Authors: Sokratous Konstantina , Kvam Peter D.
Published: May 2024

Subjective value and preference for delayed prospects are measured in multiple ways, including both choices between options and price equivalents. However, these methods diverge in their conclusions, resulting in preference reversals that parallel those observed in risky choice. To reconcile these reversals under a common theory of value, we develop a dynamic model of pricing that incorporates anchoring and dynamic adjustment of pricing judgments. To do so, we first present and evaluate several predictions made by a price accumulation model in the context of intertemporal value -- such as the effects of delay and payoff manipulations and the skew of price responses. Next, using a neural network approach to fit the data in a likelihood-free way, we applied this model to both pricing and choice data to understand why people select smaller-sooner options in choice but assign higher bids to larger-later options. We show that intertemporal choice-price preference reversals can be explained by the dynamic anchoring process that is present in pricing but not in choice. This approach is then extended to the domain of delayed losses, showing that anchoring rather than endowment or some other effect is primarily responsible for preference reversals. Furthermore, loss aversion manifests in shallower discounting rates in choice and stronger anchoring effects in pricing for delayed monetary losses relative to monetary gains. Put together, we show that preference reversals between intertemporal choice can be explained by a dynamic anchoring process that is present in pricing but not choice.