bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capicua regulates the survival of Cajal-Retzius cells in the postnatal hippocampus
Authors: Tan Qiumin , Patel Zain , Bruggen Rebekah van , Wang Mi
Published: January 2025

Programmed cell death is crucial for organ morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Understanding programmed cell death in the developing brain is essential for comprehending both normal brain development and neurological disorders. In this study, we utilize Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells, transient neurons that populate the embryonic cortex and are predominantly eliminated in early postnatal stages, as a model to investigate the regulation of programmed cell death. While many CR cells typically undergo postnatal cell death, some persist into adulthood in the hippocampus, influencing local circuits and behaviors. Here, we show that the loss of capicua (CIC), a transcriptional repressor implicated in a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome and multiple cancers, results in aberrant survival of CR cells in the adult hippocampus. Altered cell survival is mediated by the cell-autonomous function of CIC in hippocampal CR cells. Surprisingly, the atypical persistence of CR cells following CIC loss does not impact hippocampal-dependent behaviors or susceptibility to kainic acid-induced seizures. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis unveils previously unrecognized heterogeneity among hippocampal CR cells and suggests a role of CIC in repressing Fgf1 expression. Additionally, we reveal that FGF1 and BCL2 serve as pivotal regulators enhancing CR cell survival in the postnatal hippocampus. Our findings shed light on a previously unacknowledged role of CIC upstream of FGF signaling and elucidate the apoptosis mechanism governing developmental programmed CR cell death.
Unmet health-related needs in patients with Crohn’s disease in Belgium: a mixed-methods study.
Authors: Schönborn Claudia , Levy Muriel , De Jaeger Mats , Goethem Renaud van , Leonard Ugo , Claerman Rani , De Pauw Robby , Kohn Laurence , Cleemput Irina , de Noordhout Charline Maertens
Published: January 2025

Background
Measuring health-related unmet needs is crucial for identifying innovation gaps and developing targeted strategies to address them. This study focused on measuring the unmet needs of patients with Crohn’s disease in Belgium using a standardised methodology that facilitates comparisons across different diseases. Crohn’s disease is a chronic condition characterised by a rising incidence over the past century and limited progress in understanding its causes or advancing effective treatments.
Methods
We conducted an online survey (n=150) and semi-structured interviews (n=20) with adults affected by Crohn’s disease. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse survey results, and thematic analysis was applied to interview transcripts. Unmet needs were classified into health, healthcare, and social aspects.
Results
The study revealed unmet needs beyond the well-known symptoms of Crohn’s. One in five patients waited over a year for a diagnosis, and 58% considered their treatment burdensome. While at least 75% reported diarrhoea, fatigue, and abdominal cramps as burdensome, around 40% experienced burdensome stress, anxiety, or depression. These symptoms, perceived as invisible, caused embarrassment, impacted sexual and family life, and led to social withdrawal. Psychological support was generally deemed insufficient. Only 50% returned to previous work levels, and 65% experienced financial impacts due to the disease.
Conclusions
Crohn’s patients experienced not only burdensome physical symptoms, but were also frequently affected by significant psychological symptoms, exacerbated by comorbidities, which significantly affected their quality of life. Although specialist care was adequate, faster diagnosis and better psychological support are needed. Future studies should explore the unmet needs of children and adolescents with Crohn’s disease to complete the picture.
Assessment of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Epileptic Patients Utilizing the DASS-21 Scale: A Cross-Sectional Investigation
Authors: Vishwakarma Shani , Pathak Abhishek , Maurya Anil Kumar , Singh Nitish Kumar , Singh Royana
Published: January 2025

Introduction
People with epilepsy frequently experience depression, Anxiety, and stress, which has a substantial negative impact on their quality of life and overall health-related satisfaction. This study aimed to identify psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with epilepsy, as assessed via the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, by comparing them with a healthy control group.
Methodology
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the XXXX, and patients were recruited from the Out-Patient Department of XXXX, from August 2022 to February 2024. The total number of participants was 388, including 194 Cases. 194 healthy controls were matched for age and sex, with participants under the age of 18 excluded. Psychiatric comorbidity was evaluated via the DASS-21 scale using Chi-square and one-way ANOVA.
Results
The study involved 194 patients and 194 healthy controls, with a mean age of 25.11 ± 10.28 years. Among the patients, 58.2% were female and 41.8% were male. A significant difference in depression levels was found between patients on monotherapy and polytherapy (p = 0.003). However, no significant differences were found in anxiety (p = 0.214) and stress (p = 0.139). There are no significant links between depression, anxiety, stress and antiepileptic drugs. Patients with epilepsy had significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress compared to healthy controls, with all p = 0.00.
Conclusion
The study highlights the elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among patients with epilepsy. Clinicians and healthcare practitioners should adopt comprehensive and holistic assessment methods to address and mitigate these psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy patients.
Sex Differences in the Modulation of Anxiety- and Depression-like Behaviors by Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Levels in Mice
Authors: Senserrich Júlia , Castro Elena , Florensa-Zanuy Eva , Díaz Álvaro , Pazos Ángel , Adell Albert , Tzinia Athina , Pilar-Cuéllar Fuencisla
Published: January 2025

Background: Major depressive disorder is one of the main causes of disability worldwide, but its etiopathology remains largely unknown, although several hypotheses have been proposed. Recent studies suggest a potential role for matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in depression, as it is overexpressed in the plasma of depressed patients and normalizes following chronic antidepressant treatment. This study aimed to characterize anxiety and depression-like behaviors in transgenic MMP-9 mice, as well as the expression of different neuroplasticity markers associated withdepression, in both sexes.
Methods: In this study, we characterized the behavioral phenotypes of both MMP-9 knockout and MMP-9-overexpressing male and female mice. Here, we used a battery of tests to assess anxiety (open field, light‒dark box, elevated plus maze, and novelty‒suppressedfeeding tests), depressive-like (tail suspension and social interaction tests), and cognitive (T-maze) behaviors.
Results: MMP-9 knockout female mice displayed increasedinnate anxiety (open field test), decreasedbehavioral despair (tail suspension test), and increased sociability (social interaction test). This increased sociability was also observed in male MMP-9 knockout mice. Compared with control mice, female MMP-9 knockout mice presented increased levels of different neuroplasticity markers in the hippocampus.
With respect to MMP-9-overexpressing mice, females presented decreasedinnate anxiety (elevated plus maze and light‒dark box). Male MMP-9-overexpressing mice presented greaterconflict-based anxiety (novelty-suppressed feeding test) and lower working memory (T-maze) than control mice did. These male mice presented a reduction in mTOR pathway activation and increased PSD95 hippocampal levels.
Conclusions: MMP-9 levels may have a sex-dependent impact on the anxious/depressive-like phenotype, as well as on neuroplasticity markers in the hippocampus. These findings reinforce the sex differences in the etiopathology of depression.
Advanced Sign Language Recognition Using Deep Learning: A Study on Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) with VGGNet and ResNet50 Models
Authors: HERBAZ Nourdine , IDRISSI Hassan EL , BADRI Abdelmajid
Published: January 2025

Sign language is a vital communication tool for individuals with hearing impairments and those who do not speak the language of the host country. Despite its importance, sign language is not widely known and lacks universal patterns, with each country having its own unique set of signs influenced by local customs and traditions. This complexity presents significant challenges for computer vision-based recognition systems.

Currently, extensive research is being conducted to address the issues of sign language translation using advanced technologies. This paper introduces two novel datasets comprising 54,049 images of the ArSL-2018 (Arabic Sign Language) alphabet captured by over 40 contributors, alongside 15,200 images from proprietary datasets and digits sign language datasets. The images are meticulously categorized into 32 classes representing standard Arabic characters and processed through classification, normalization, and detection procedures using VGGNet model and ResNet50, designed to enhance the accurate recognition of hand gestures in real-time, even under complex background conditions. By leveraging deep learning and artificial intelligence, this system aims to bridge the communication gap between deaf and hearing individuals. The investigation delves into the comparison of the outcomes derived from two distinct training and testing regimes, one without fine-tuning and the other incorporating fine-tuning enhancements.

The remarkable levels of precision attained in contrast to prior research affirm the efficacy of this methodology. Particularly, the dataset encompassing ArSL alphabets exhibited accuracy rates of 99.05\%, 99.99\%, and 98.50\% when employing VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet50 Models, respectively, thus underscoring the efficiency of the proposed approach for hand gesture recognition tasks.
Changes in the global burden of polycystic ovary syndrome from 1990 to 2021
Authors: Lin Tong , Xie Bingqin , Yang Juan , Xu Jinbang , Chen Fa
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic, multifaceted condition influenced by epigenetic and environmental factors that is responsible for a significant proportion of anovulatory infertility cases. Here, we analyzed the global, regional, and national burdens of PCOS from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021).
METHODS
Incidence, prevalence, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years(DALYs) data relevant to PCOS from 204 countries and 21 territories from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the GBD 2021 study. Here, we considered age-standardized rates (per 100,000 individuals) with 95% uncertainty intervals (95% UIs) obtained from the aforementioned research and presented trends based on age and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) parameters.
RESULTS
Global age-standardized incidence and prevalence of PCOS in 2021 were reported at 30.7 and 867.7 per 100,000, respectively, revealing increases of 26.77% and 28.21%, respectively, since 1990. Additionally, age-standardized disability-adjusted life years stood at 7.6 per 100,000 globally in 2021, marking a 27.58% increase from 1990. Age-standardized prevalence of PCOS varied across countries, ranging from 93.1 to 3978.9 cases per 100,000 women, with Italy (3978.9), Japan (3104.7), and New Zealand (2789.7) having the highest rates. Notably, PCOS prevalence was noted to peak globally among females 15–19 years of age. Regions with a high SDI exhibited the highest age-standardized incidence (70.2), prevalence (1720.7), and death (15.2) rates of PCOS. Furthermore, a nonlinear correlation between PCOS burden and SDI was noted, with prevalence rates peaking around an SDI of approximately 0.9.
CONCLUSION
Our findings highlight the growing global impact of PCOS and underscore the need for concerted efforts to attenuate the increasing global prevalence of this condition. Significantly divergent PCOS disease burdens were observed across different age groups and SDI regions, with high SDI regions bearing heavier burdens. The increased disease burden among younger age groups and regional disparities underscore urgency for targeted intervention and formulation of policies to effectively address this public health issue.
Vibration Suppression of Vehicle Dual rotor Flywheel Battery Based on Nonlinear Energy Sink
Authors: Zhu Youfeng , Xu Quancai , Zhao Peizhuang
Published: January 2025

A 14 degree of freedom mechanical model of the dual rotor flywheel battery under the influence of tilt angle was established based on the overall method and isolation method, and its differential equations were derived. The fourth-order Runge Kutta method in Matlab was used to solve and analyze the vibration characteristics of the flywheel rotor.The relationship curve between the maximum radial amplitude of the rotor and the vehicle wheelbase, flywheel inclination angle, road excitation amplitude, and frequency was obtained. By numerical analysis methods, the optimal solution for symmetrically installing a nonlinear energy sink(NES) at a distance from the vehicle's center of mass was determined.The influence of various parameters of NES on the vehicle's flywheel system was analyzed, and three optimization objective functions were established to optimize linear damping. The experiment showed that the optimized design scheme of nonlinear energy sink had good vibration reduction effect. The research results contributed to understanding the vibration characteristics of dual rotor flywheel battery systems and provided theoretical guidance for improving their operational stability.
An Effective RF-Based Solution for Drone Detection and Recognition Amid Noise, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi Interference
Authors: Nguyen Trong Thanh , Nguyen Le Cuong , Nguyen Thi-Thanh-Tan
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements in drone technology have raised significant security concerns, making the classification of drone types for early warning systems increasingly vital. This paper presents an effective solution that combines frequency domain signal transformations with deep learning models to improve drone detection accuracy. Our approach consists of four main stages: i) RF Signal Acquisition; ii) Energy Detection and Wavelet Transformation; iii) Relevant Signal Identification and Noise Elimination; iv) Area Enhancement and Drone ClassificationWe evaluated our model using real-world and publicly available datasets. Results indicate that our method demonstrates strong noise tolerance and optimal performance across both testing sets.
Multi-ancestry analysis of plasma protein levels influencing and responding to major depression liability
Authors: Linda Lillian , Mutema Anthony B. , Babirye Sandra R. , Nabbumba Catherine , Chong Amanda H.W. , Gaunt Tom R. , Meng Xiangrui , Kuchenbaecker Karoline , Jjingo Daudi , Kinyanda Eugene , Fatumo Segun , Kalungi Allan , Hemani Gibran
Published: January 2025

The development of novel-acting antidepressant medications with fewer side effects and sustained efficacy requires an in-depth understanding of the aetiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) across diverse populations. Here we used a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to identify protein levels that influence MDD risk, and that respond to MDD liability in the general population. We use summary-level data from four major ancestral groups to evaluate the consistency of genetic associations and MR estimates across populations. We identified 17 proteins that are putatively causal for MDD, with evidence of differential effects across ancestries for five proteins, which we replicate in independent individual level data. We also identified widespread protein level changes in response to disease liability in the general population. We showed that such associations can appear ancestry-specific until differential power is accounted for, after which the vast majority of associations appear consistent across ancestral groups. The protein response to disease liability can be used to generate a proteomic risk score that is strongly predictive of prospective MDD incidence. Our results indicate that multi-ancestry Mendelian randomization improves power for ancestral groups with smaller sample sizes and will inform our understanding of disease aetiology if differential marginal effects across populations arising due to gene-environment interactions can be studied.
Convergence of Trajectories and Stability of Fixed Points in a Modified Hegselmann-Krause Model
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Knyazev Nikolay , Pilyugin Sergei Yurievich ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

n this paper, we study a modified Hegselmann-Krause model of opinion dynamics based on the bounded confidence principle. This model is formulated as a discontinuous and nonlinear dynamical system. At any time moment of the process of opinion formation, the operator of forming the next opinion of an agent is two-step; first, one takes the average of opinions of agents sharing similar opinions plus his/her own; in the second step, a regularization procedure is performed. A new regularization procedure is applied. We find conditions under which every trajectory tends to a fixed point of the system and study stability properties of fixed points.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE CLUSTERS DE BAIXO CUSTO E ALTO DESEMPENHO COM RASPBERRY PI E APACHE HADOOP: Um mapeamento sistemático
Authors: Santos Filho João Fernandes , Carneiro Neto José Aprígio
Published: January 2025

Os avanços tecnológicos têm levado a indústria de computadores ao desenvolvimento de novas arquiteturas de computadores, mais velozes e robustas, denominadas de arquiteturas paralelas, compostas por computadores com múltiplos processadores, que colaboram entre si na solução de problemas complexos, explorando diferentes níveis de paralelismo. Uma alternativa economicamente viável, utilizada para atender a elevada demanda de processamento de dados, bem como os custos com gastos de energia e os problemas causados pelo custo de aquisição e manutenção de supercomputadores, é a utilização de clusters, formados por aglomerados de computadores, homogêneos e/ou heterogêneos, que trabalham de forma distribuída e colaborativa, efetuando o processamento de diversas tarefas paralelas simultâneas, se comportando como um único sistema. Entretanto, para tirar o máximo de eficiência de um cluster é necessário o uso de uma biblioteca de paralelismo, que seja responsável pela comunicação e troca de mensagens entre os equipamentos desse sistema, trabalhando de forma simultânea e distribuída na execução de tarefas complexas, que seja eficiente, confiável, escalável e tolerante a falhas. Além disso, é imprescindível a utilização de uma plataforma de hardware com elevado poder de processamento, que seja de baixo custo de aquisição e possua uma excelente eficiência energética, como é o caso da Raspberry Pi, uma plataforma SBC (Single Board Computer) que possui todos os componentes integrados em uma única placa. Diante desse contexto, este artigo teve por objetivo realizar um mapeamento sistemático de estudos relacionados com a implementação de clusters, que utilizaram como plataforma de hardware a Raspberry Pi e o Apache Hadoop como biblioteca de paralelismo. A metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa teve um caráter quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório, visando o aprofundamento do tema pesquisado.
El mercado financiero inmaduro en America Latina, desde la independencia hasta las Reformas Liberales
Authors: Cascavita-Mora Juan David
Published: January 2025

La historia económica hispanoamericana ha llamado la atención de los académicos por sus particularidades. La región es conocida por su abundancia de recursos naturales, pero desde la independencia no ha podido transformar esta riqueza en crecimiento económico moderno. Algunos investigadores afirman que “aún estamos muy lejos de entender las causas para el lento crecimiento de América Latina”. Este articulo revisa y evalúa la literatura y los debates acerca de la pregunta ¿Por qué Hispanoamérica no tuvo una Revolución Financiera después de la independencia? Además, propone una explicación novedosa sobre las razones de la inmadurez del mercado financiero en Hispanoamérica, la persistencia del Censo Eclesiástico, un tipo de préstamo ampliamente utilizado como fuente de crédito durante la dominación colonial que solo fue prohibido a mediados del siglo XIX. Este tipo de préstamos tenían características muy particulares, como las monopolísticas y cerradas relaciones interpersonales entre los prestamistas y prestatarios en el mercado de capital de la región de la época, lo cual puede explicar la falta de interés de las elites en el establecimiento de instituciones financieras. La inmadurez del mercado financiero en Hispanoamérica es un síntoma de la persistencia de los censos. Sin embargo, más estudios son necesarios para sostener esta afirmación, por lo que este artículo es un llamado para investigaciones en el tema.
The construction of modalities in Indonesian and English folktales
Authors: Surjowati Ribut , Wirawati Bekti , Kusnowati Siti , Wijaya Wiemphy , Syahputra Bintang Yusma Dian
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to describe the types of modality expressions in English and Indonesian folktales and to examine the extent to which these two groups of writers express modality differently. This study was conducted as descriptive qualitative research, focusing on the use of modalities in Indonesian and English folktales. A total of 30 folktales were collected from the United States, Britain, and Indonesia as the data sources. The data were analyzed based on the theories of Nuyts (2002) and Bybee (1994). The results show that native English writers tend to express deontic modality primarily through modal auxiliaries such as shall, should, can, could, must, and may. However, epistemic meanings are conveyed not only through modal auxiliaries but also through adjectives, adverbs, and lexical verbs, with lexical verbs being the most frequently used. In contrast, non-native writers used fewer varieties of modality expressions, including modal auxiliaries, adjectives, adverbs, lexical verbs, and multi-word units, often relying on the same types of expressions across the folktales. Unlike deontic modality, the folktales are rich in epistemic modality, as the writers used a wider range of expressions to convey these meanings.
Caracterización de harinas derivadas de la parte aérea de dos variedades de yuca y su potencial aprovechamiento en alimentación animal
Authors: Blanquiceth Tamara Yoseth , Pérez Salgado Keiner , Tavera-Quiroz María José , Salcedo Mendoza Jairo Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

en un contexto de creciente interés por la optimización de recursos agrícolas para la alimentación animal, se realizó un estudio sobre las harinas derivadas de la parte aérea de dos variedades de yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivadas en Sucre, Colombia. A pesar de la abundancia de estudios sobre el uso del tubérculo de yuca en la nutrición animal, existe una brecha en la investigación sobre el aprovechamiento nutricional de sus subproductos vegetales, especialmente en lo que respecta a las harinas obtenidas de sus hojas, peciolo y tallo. La investigación se enfocó en la caracterización proximal y elemental de estas harinas (Manihot esculenta Crantz), siguiendo la norma internacional NREL TP-510-42620 con algunas modificaciones. Ambos análisis se realizaron de acuerdo con lo señalado en las normas AOAC International y Latimer de 2012, para determinar las posibles rutas de aprovechamiento de estos residuos, que se generan principalmente en la etapa de cosecha del tubérculo. Los resultados mostraron que las harinas de hojas, peciolo y tallo de las dos variedades podrían ser empleadas como suplementos e ingredientes para productos utilizados en la alimentación de rumiantes, debido a que poseen niveles de proteína, fibra, grasa, ceniza y minerales esenciales más altos en comparación con el forraje fresco sin modificar y comparables con harinas de soya, maíz y trigo, utilizadas comúnmente en alimentación animal, por lo que se sugiere que esta composición proximal se asemeja a suplementos con cualidades nutricionales que se emplean para corregir y satisfacer los requerimientos alimenticios de estos animales en diferentes épocas del año, especialmente en temporadas de sequía.
Does the Digital Therapeutic Alliance Exist? Integrative Review
Authors: Malouin-Lachance Amylie , Capolupo Julien , Laplante Chloé , Hudon Alexandre
Published: January 2025

Background

Mental health disorders significantly impact global populations, prompting the rise of digital mental health interventions, such as artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots, to address gaps in access to care. This review explores the potential for a “digital therapeutic alliance (DTA),” emphasizing empathy, engagement, and alignment with traditional therapeutic principles to enhance user outcomes.

Objective

The primary objective of this review was to identify key concepts underlying the DTA in AI-driven psychotherapeutic interventions for mental health. The secondary objective was to propose an initial definition of the DTA based on these identified concepts.

Methods

The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) for scoping reviews and Tavares de Souza’s integrative review methodology were followed, encompassing systematic literature searches in Medline, Web of Science, PsycNet, and Google Scholar. Data from eligible studies were extracted and analyzed using Horvath et al’s conceptual framework on a therapeutic alliance, focusing on goal alignment, task agreement, and the therapeutic bond, with quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results

A total of 28 studies were identified from an initial pool of 1294 articles after excluding duplicates and ineligible studies. These studies informed the development of a conceptual framework for a DTA, encompassing key elements such as goal alignment, task agreement, therapeutic bond, user engagement, and the facilitators and barriers affecting therapeutic outcomes. The interventions primarily focused on AI-powered chatbots, digital psychotherapy, and other digital tools.

Conclusions

The findings of this integrative review provide a foundational framework for the concept of a DTA and report its potential to replicate key therapeutic mechanisms such as empathy, trust, and collaboration in AI-driven psychotherapeutic tools. While the DTA shows promise in enhancing accessibility and engagement in mental health care, further research and innovation are needed to address challenges such as personalization, ethical concerns, and long-term impact.
Case-Based Virtual Reality Simulation for Severe Pelvic Trauma Clinical Skill Training in Medical Students: Design and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Teng Peng , Xu Youran , Qian Kaoliang , Lu Ming , Hu Jun
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Teaching severe pelvic trauma poses a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery education due to the necessity of both clinical reasoning and procedural operational skills for mastery. Traditional methods of instruction, including theoretical teaching and mannequin practice, face limitations due to the complexity, the unpredictability of treatment scenarios, the scarcity of typical cases, and the abstract nature of traditional teaching, all of which impede students’ knowledge acquisition.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to introduce a novel experimental teaching methodology for severe pelvic trauma, integrating virtual reality (VR) technology as a potent adjunct to existing teaching practices. It evaluates the acceptability, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness among users and investigates its impact on knowledge, skills, and confidence in managing severe pelvic trauma before and after engaging with the software.

METHODS

A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to 40 students, and qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 teachers to assess the applicability and acceptability. A 1-group pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate learning outcomes across various domains, including diagnosis and treatment, preliminary diagnosis, disease treatment sequencing, emergency management of hemorrhagic shock, and external fixation of pelvic fractures.

RESULTS

A total of 40 students underwent training, with 95% (n=38) affirming that the software effectively simulated real-patient scenarios. All participants (n=40, 100%) reported that completing the simulation necessitated making the same decisions as doctors in real life and found the VR simulation interesting and useful. Teacher interviews revealed that 90% (9/10) recognized the VR simulation’s ability to replicate complex clinical cases, resulting in enhanced training effectiveness. Notably, there was a significant improvement in the overall scores for managing hemorrhagic shock (t39=37.6; 95% CI 43.6-48.6; P<.001) and performing external fixation of pelvic fractures (t39=24.1; 95% CI 53.4-63.3; P<.001) from pre- to postsimulation.

CONCLUSIONS

The introduced case-based VR simulation of skill-training methodology positively influences medical students’ clinical reasoning, operative skills, and self-confidence. It offers an efficient strategy for conserving resources while providing quality education for both educators and learners.
The Role of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Alleviating Depression, Enhancing Coping Skills, and Promoting Workplace Satisfaction and Well-Being Among Nurses: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Magharbeh Wesam , Alnawafleh Khaldoon Ayed , Alfanash Hazem AbdulKareem
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Stress is rampant in nursing because of the demanding nature of the profession. For many nurses, their work environments are highly stressful with long working hours and a lot of emotional demands predisposing them to the risk of mental health problems, burnout, psychological distress, and reduced job satisfaction. For many nurses, coping with such stressful environments can be challenging. This is why incorporating effective strategies such as mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is important. MBSR is program that can help nurses to cultivate mindfulness practices which are instrumental in helping them to deal with stress, depression, and other mental health problems. MBSR can also improve nurses coping skills, foster wellness, and improve their overall well-being.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the studies that used Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) interventions for alleviating depression, enhancing coping skills, and promoting workplace satisfaction and well-being among nurses.

METHODS

The search was done on databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library databases, Science Direct, and EBSCO host for relevant studies that were published between 2009 and 2024 was done. Interventional studies that were published in English that used MBSR among nurses to reduce stress, depression and psychological distress were selected for this review. The PRISMA guideline was used to guide the review. Quality of the included studies was assessed using “The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATFQS).”

RESULTS

A total of 16 studies were included in this review. This review established that MBSR was instrumental in alleviating depression, enhancing coping skills, and promoting workplace satisfaction, and well-being among nurses.

CONCLUSIONS

The review was mainly informed by empirical evidence which showed that nurses who participate in MBSR interventions have reduced levels of stress and depression, better coping skills, enhanced work satisfaction, and enhanced well-being.
The results of this review are instrumental in supporting the use of MBSR to alleviate stress and depression among nurses and improve their overall well-being. The methodological limitations of the reviewed studies are provided and suggestions for future research provided.

CLINICALTRIAL

CRD42024612849
Pericardial tamponade during ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement : a case report (Preprint)
Authors: Junran Xie , Binhao Ruan , Nana Wang , Donghang Cao
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Intraoperative tamponade is a serious emergency, which can lead to cardiac arrest and death if not diagnosed in time. Lateral ventricular peritoneal drainage is an effective operation for the treatment of hydrocephalus, this kind of surgery is relatively safe, and the complications are mostly reported to be infection, and no cases of pericardial tamponade have been reported. Case: The patient, a 66-year-old male, had a history of craniocerebral surgery for height fall 8 months ago. Hemopericardium and pericardial tamponade occurred during lateral ventriculoperitoneal drainage. The patient underwent an emergency pericardial puncture and recovered without further complications after 15 days of pericardial drainage. Conclusion: Although the operation of lateral ventriculoperitoneal drainage is not difficult, it passes through the heart region. If refractory hypotension, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and other events occur during the operation, the possibility of pericardial tamponade should be considered and timely diagnosis and treatment should be conducted.

OBJECTIVE

Through the case report, the anesthesiologist should pay attention to the sudden situation of such patients and deal with it in time and effectively

METHODS

A detailed introduction to case review and management

RESULTS

Increase the anesthesiologist to deal with the sudden situation of such patients

CONCLUSIONS

Although the probability of pericardial tamponade due to lateral ventriculoperitoneal drainage is very small, this case reminds us that the possibility of pericardial tamponade should be considered when hemodynamic instability, refractory hypotension, and unexplained cardiac arrest occur after surgery across the cardiac region. Timely consideration of cardiac ultrasonography is the key to definite diagnosis and successful rescue.
Bioretention Design Simulation for Efficient Urban Stormwater Reduction
Authors: Wicaksono Ega Fajar , Hidayah Entin , Fildzah Cantika Almas
Published: January 2025

The population increases, leading to extensive urbanization and the consequent rise in impervious surfaces. This urbanization trend has exacerbated stormwater runoff issues, necessitating sustainable stormwater management strategies. Low Impact Development (LID) techniques, such as bioretention, have emerged as promising solutions to mitigate the adverse effects of increased impervious surfaces on stormwater management. Through drainage simulation using EPA SWMM 5.2 software, this study assessed the effectiveness of bioretention in mitigating stormwater runoff within Pesona Regency Housing in Jember Regency. In this approach, hydrological techniques use rainfall for a 2-year return period based on the typology of the study area. The bioretention scenarios used coverage of 5%, 10%, and 20% of the subcatchment area as Scenario 1, 2, and 3. The simulation revealed promising reductions in peak runoff discharge across various scenarios, with average reduction rates of 80%, 88%, and 92% for Scenarios 1, 2, and 3, respectively. However, the effectiveness of bioretention varied across different junctions and scenarios due to factors such as location, junction area coverage, soil properties, and local drainage patterns. While larger bioretention areas generally resulted in greater runoff reduction, the study underscores the importance of considering location and cost-effectiveness in bioretention design. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the efficacy of bioretention as a stormwater management strategy in rapidly urbanizing areas, offering guidance for property developers in planning flood-resistant housing with LID bioretention.
Analysis of Research Themes in Marketing Channels
Authors: Osmonbekov Talai , Donthu Naveen , Pandey Nitesh , Kumar Satish
Published: January 2025

Marketing Channels is an important area of research, especially in these days of supply chain issues. This study uses bibliometric techniques to identify the top authors and their clusters. These top countries contributed to the marketing channels area and maps the research themes prevalent over the years. We also map keyword networks for each decade to demonstrate the evolution of the research themes. Our analysis also shows the expansion of the area’s global reach over the three decades regarding the contributors’ country networks. Importantly, the study summarizes the impact of marketing channels research and provides directions for future research.
El naufragio de los pensamientos
Authors: Alquisiras-Burgos Ivan , Martínez-Becerril Hilda Angélica , Hernandez Cruz Arturo , Aguilera Penélope
Published: January 2025

Un funcionamiento cerebral adecuado requiere de un suministro constante de sustratos energéticos, principalmente de glucosa, los cuales son transportados en la sangre circulando por las arterias que recorren todo el organismo. En el cerebro, estas arterias controlan rigurosamente el transporte de todas las moléculas que llegan al cerebro, y están constituidas por el endotelio vascular cerebral, que forma la barrera hematoencefálica. En un infarto cerebral, el flujo sanguíneo se ve interrumpido y el suministro de los compuestos vitales disminuye, lo que provoca una alteración en las funciones cerebrales; entonces el individuo sufrirá fallas en el movimiento, el lenguaje o en alguna de las funciones controlada en la región afectada del cerebro. Además, mientras no se recupere el flujo sanguíneo se activarán muchos procesos de daño, entre éstos destaca uno muy peligroso que puede causar la muerte: el incremento en la cantidad de agua contenida en el cerebro, conocido como edema. Su formación puede provocar una catástrofe como la vivida por los pasajeros del Titanic, quienes nunca sospecharon que el gran coloso pudiera ser vulnerable y naufragar. En este artículo, relataremos la forma en que un infarto cerebral puede provocar la acumulación de agua en este tejido.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Minuman Sari Buah Apel dengan Penambahan Tiga Varian Sumber Pewarna Alami
Authors: Samudra Norazkya Mutiara , Saati Elfi Anis , Manshur Hanif Alamudin
Published: January 2025

Apel merupakan salah satu buah yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang lengkap seperti vitamin dan mineral yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Namun, apel mudah mengalami kerusakan dan memiliki umur simpan yang pendek sehingga dilakukan pengolahan salah satunya minuman sari buah apel. Minuman sari buah apel umumnya memiliki warna kuning pucat hingga kecokelatan, sehingga dapat ditambahkan pewarna alami dari kulit buah naga, bunga telang, dan wortel untuk meningkatkan daya tarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sari kulit buah naga, bunga telang, dan wortel terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik minuman sari buah apel. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap sederhana dengan 10 perlakuan dan dua kali ulangan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah ANOVA dengan uji lanjut DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf α=5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi sari apel dan penambahan pewarna alami dari kulit buah naga, bunga telang, dan wortel berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai total padatan terlarut, nilai pH, aktivitas antioksidan, viskositas, intensitas warna, dan organoleptik (rasa, warna, aroma, dan kesukaan). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P6 yaitu rasio sari buah apel 85% dan sari bunga telang 15%. Sari buah yang dihasilkan memiliki total padatan terlarut 13,50obrix, nilai pH 3,19, aktivitas antioksidan 81,44%, viskositas 4,18 cP, intensitas warna L 25,00, nilai a 1,60, nilai b -3,40, serta penilaian organoleptik warna agak disukai, beraroma apel, dan memiliki rasa yang disukai panelis.
Nutraceuticals: A Review of Their Therapeutic Benefits and Health Implications
Authors: Sakshi P. Waikar  , Tejaswini G. Khonde  , Nilakshi N. Dhoble  , Nitin Padole  , Pankaj Dhapke  , Jagdish Baheti
Published: January 2025

Nutrition and medication are combined to form nutraceuticals was invented in 1989 to define materials that could be second hand as nutriments that have well-being paybacks. Widely construed, nutraceuticals are nutrients or components of nutrients that play a significant part in adapting to and maintaining the regular physiological functions necessary to maintain healthy human beings. Nutritional fibres, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, spices, phytochemicals and other diverse kinds of herbal/natural nutrients can all be categorised as nutrient items utilised in nutraceuticals. Healthcare branch focused on the all features about the nutraceuticals, ranging from systematic parts to medical trials, from efficiency studies to valuable effects on well-being status. Nutraceuticals describe themselves as a natural and essential component of our daily diet. These nutraceuticals aid in the fight against some of the most pressing health issues of the day, including obesity, heart disease, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes, and cholesterol. Herbal nutraceuticals are utilised as a potent weapon for maintaining health and fighting major, chronic diseases that are brought on by poor nutrition, thereby encouraging the best health, longevity, and quality of life.
Formulation and Evaluation of Atenolol Orodispersible Tablets
Authors: Mohammed Mahboob Shareef  , Ruhi Anjum  , Prasanthi D
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Atenolol using three different types of superdisintegrants. Various formulations were prepared by direct compression using different concentrations of superdisintegrant i.e. namely Kyron T-104, Kyron T-154 and Kyron T-314. The compatibility studies between drug and excipients were carried out using FTIR spectroscopy. The blend was evaluated for additive properties. The tablets were evaluated for physical properties and in vitro drug release. From this study formulation containing Kyron T-154 was found to possess better disintegration time of 15 secs, water absorption ratio (77.5 %), and wetting time (22.7 sec) with taste masking property at low concentration. An accelerated stability study on optimized formulation was performed as per ICH guidelines. It was found to be stable, with insignificant changes in the hardness, disintegration time, and in-vitro drug release pattern.
Kartagener Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: AJPRD Dr Anuradha Kapoor , Dr Mitva Agarwal  , Dr Kanika Maheshwari
Published: January 2025

Kartagener syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes defects in the action of ciliary movement, characterized by clinical triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis. We present the case of an 18-year-old male with repeated respiratory infections. He was diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome based on his clinical presentation and imaging features. In patients presenting with recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections, Kartagener syndrome should always be kept in mind. The correct diagnosis of this disorder in early life is very important to prevent complications and improve a patient's quality of life.
Nutraceuticals: A Review of Their Therapeutic Benefits and Health Implications
Authors: Akash Avhad  , Suraj Aher  , Shubham Hire  , Dr. Gokul Talele
Published: January 2025

Nutrition and medication are combined to form nutraceuticals was invented in 1989 to define materials that could be second hand as nutriments that have well-being paybacks. Widely construed, nutraceuticals are nutrients or components of nutrients that play a significant part in adapting to and maintaining the regular physiological functions necessary to maintain healthy human beings. Nutritional fibres, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, spices, phytochemicals and other diverse kinds of herbal/natural nutrients can all be categorised as nutrient items utilised in nutraceuticals. Healthcare branch focused on the all features about the nutraceuticals, ranging from systematic parts to medical trials, from efficiency studies to valuable effects on well-being status. Nutraceuticals describe themselves as a natural and essential component of our daily diet. These nutraceuticals aid in the fight against some of the most pressing health issues of the day, including obesity, heart disease, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes, and cholesterol. Herbal nutraceuticals are utilised as a potent weapon for maintaining health and fighting major, chronic diseases that are brought on by poor nutrition, thereby encouraging the best health, longevity, and quality of life.
THE RESPONSIBILITY OF PT. PEGADAIAN SYARIAH BANDA ACEH FOR THE LOSS OF COLLATERAL OBJECT
Authors: Marwah Adi Halim Zahratun , Mawar Sitti , Ramli Misran
Published: January 2025

PT. Pegadaian Syariah is an alternative financing institution that provides loans based on the law of pawn, which requires the submission of movable goods as collateral from customers to PT. Pegadaian Syariah. The focus of this study is on the form of responsibility and the explanation of how PT. Pegadaian Syariah Banda Aceh resolves compensation for the loss of the pawned objects. To answer this research question, the method used is a normative juridical approach. Normative juridical is a system for selecting legal regulations, doctrines applied to provide answers to legal cases, and using a statute-based approach. The findings of this study conclude that if a case of damage or loss of collateral occurs during the pawn process, PT. Pegadaian Syariah is responsible for the damaged or lost collateral. In providing compensation, PT. Pegadaian Syariah must adhere to the provisions set out in the Pawnshop Work Procedures Handbook, which governs how compensation should be provided if the collateral is lost
Effect of Buteyko breathing technique and Pranayama on bio-physiological and biochemical parameters in bronchial asthma.
Authors: K Mrs. Karpagam , Ramasamy Dr. , Vijayaraghavan Dr.R.
Published: January 2025

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness,significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Breathing techniques such as the Buteyko method and Pranayama (yoga breathing) areincreasingly being explored for their potential to complement conventional asthma management by improving physiological andbiochemical parameters. This pilot study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Buteyko breathing technique versusPranayama on physiological and biochemical parameters among patients with bronchial asthma. A quantitative research approachand quasi-experimental research design were adopted. Twelve bronchial asthma patients meeting the inclusion criteria weredivided into three groups: Buteyko (n=4), Pranayama (n=4), and Control (n=4). Pretests assessed pulmonary function, heart rate,respiratory rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation (SaO2), biochemical markers (total count, eosinophil count, absolute eosinophilcount, IgE), asthma control, and quality of life. The intervention spanned 8 weeks, with Buteyko and Pranayama groups practicingtheir respective techniques, while the control group received routine hospital treatment. Posttests were conducted in the 4th and8th weeks. Statistical analysis using SigmaPlot 14.5 revealed no significant differences in biochemical markers among groups(P=0.821), but significant improvements were observed across pretests and posttests (P<0.001). Both Buteyko and Pranayamashowed notable improvements in asthma control and quality of life by Posttest 2 (P<0.0001), although changes remained withinclinical limits. These findings suggest that breathing techniques can enhance asthma management and improve patient outcomes,warranting further investigation in larger studies.