bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER IN PARTS OF BIR NASSER AND BIR AHMED WATER FIELDS IN TUBAN DELTA IN ADEN AND LAHEJ GOVERNORATES - YEMEN
Authors: Saleh Shaif Mohamed Kasem , Al-Sallami Abdulhq Mohamed Ahmed
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study is to assessed the of groundwater pollution, in some of  Bir Nasser and Bir Ahmed waters fields, in Tuban delta, which are considered as the main sources of drinking water and household purposes for consumers in Aden Governorate. In this study, 20 groundwater samples have been collected from the fields of Bir Nasser and Bir Ahmed, in the period from February until July 2021. The evaluation of groundwater quality in the study area was based on 19 parameters such as: Temperature (T), Turbidity, Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid(TDS), Total hardness(TH), Total Alkalinity (TA), Calcium(Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Sodium (Na+1), Potassium (K+1), Iron (II) (Fe2+), Sulfates (SO42-), Chloride (Cl-), Fluoride (F-), Nitrate (NO3-), Nitrite (NO2-), Total Coliform (TC) and Fecal Coliform (FC). Groundwater suitability for a drink and domestic purposes was compared with the World Health Organization specifications (WHO 2004) and the Yemen's ministry of water and environment standards (YMWE,1999). The results showed that most of the physical, chemical and biological parameters are higher than the permissible limit by (WHO 2004), with the exception of pH and nitrite, which were found below the standard limit. Reasons for the high parameters values of some study areas were the presence of the investigated wells near the population centers that use cesspits to dispose of waste water, as well as the closeness of the wells to the agricultural lands that use chemical and animal fertilizers, in addition to random drilling of wells, and excessive pumping for groundwater. Therefore, there is a need for appropriate treatment measures before the consumption of these waters by the populace to avoid long term accumulated health problems of these pollutants.
أثر المراقبة و التقييم على نتائج تنفيذ المشاريع
Authors: Abdulsattar Iskander Hasan
Published: June 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى عرض أهمية عملية المراقبة و التقييم وفقا لمؤشرات محددة مسبقا في جميع الأعمال بشكل عام و على نتائج تنفيذ المشاريع بشكل خاص.لإظهار جودة النتائج في المراقبة و التقييم (M&E) سيتم الاعتماد على المؤشرات (Indicators) الكمية (Quantitative) و كذا النوعية (Qualitative). تم في هذه الدراسة استخدام الأسلوب الوصفي (Descriptive Method) لاستعراض جملة من مكونات مضمون عملية المراقبة و التقييم حتى يمكن إحداث تغيرات مطلوبة لتنمية و تطوير الأعمال في المشاريع المختلفة على أسس علمية راقية لضمان الوصول إلى تحقيق الأهداف المرجوة في المشاريع و فعالية الأداء باستغلال اقل الموارد المالية و المادية و إظهار نتائج عالية الجودة من حيت الانجازات.يتضمن البحث على تطبيقات مختلفة لأنواع المراقبة و التقييم و كيفية استخدام كل منها.لحداثة مضمون المراقبة و التقييم و تسهيلا للمتابعة سيتم عرض جملة من التعريفات و التوضيحات ذات العلاقة بالمضمون.لغرض هذه الدراسة و تقييم أهميتها تم مقابلة (60) عاملا عشوائيا عبر زيارات ميدانية لمعرفة مدى إلمام المعنيين بأساليب المراقبة و التقييم و مدى استعدادهم لتقبل فكرة التطبيق الممنهج للعملية.شملت المقابلة أفراد في الإدارة العليا من إدارة المشاريع كما شمل على أفراد عاملين مباشرة بالوظيفة و أفراد آخرون لهم علاقة عمل مع المعنيين بالعملية و قد رحب معظم الذين تم مقابلتهم الفكرة و ابدوا استعدادهم لتقبلها.تفاصيل المقابلة و الأمور ذات العلاقة بها تم سرده لاحقاً في محتوى البحث.خلصت الدراسة في نهايتها إلى أراء متفاوتة حول إمكانية تقبل الفكرة أو رفضها لمجموعة من الأسباب الحساسة لمترتبات النتائج المستخلصة من العملية.لضمان تقبل عملية المراقبة و التقييم يتطلب جملة من التوصيات و التي يتطلب إدراجها من ضمن المتغيرات المختلفة ذات العلاقة بالموضوع و التي يمكن أن تؤثر على سير العمليات بشكل فعال و مطلوب.و هذا يتطلب مشاركة المعنيين المتخصصين بالموضوع في صياغة الأهداف العامة للتطوير التنموي و توفير الدورات التوعية و التهيئة للمسئولين في المشاريع لفوائد تنفيذ العملية حتى يمكن تجنب المقاومة و الرفض لتنفيذ هذه العملية.
الثقة التنظيمية واثرها علي أداء العاملين بالتطبيق على العاملين بجامعة الزعيم الازهري
Authors: Abdalkhair Asia Yagoub Alhadi
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على العلاقة بين الثقة التنظيمية واداء العاملين بجامعة الزعيم الازهري، تكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع العاملين في جامعة الزعيم الازهري تم اختيار عينة عشوائية بسيطة،استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وتوصلت الدراسة الي العديد من النتائج أبرزها هنالك أثر ايجابي للثقة التنظيمية بأبعادها على أداء العاملين والمنظمة ككل، يتم اتاحة الفرصة لجميع العاملين في المشاركة في صنع القرارت واوصت الي العديد من التوصيات منها ضرورة منح العاملين مهام تتناسب مع قدراتهم ومؤهلاتهم العلمية.
Restorative Justice in The Child Justice System: Implementation in Other Jurisdictions
Authors: Ab Aziz Norjihan , Mohamed Nurah Sabahiah , Hussin Nasimah , Samsudin Najaa Syahirah
Published: June 2022

Developments in the child criminal justice system internationally, indicate that restorative justice has been adopted as one of the mechanisms of resolving criminal cases. Some countries, such as the United Kingdom and New Zealand integrate restorative justice process into the child justice system to complement the available law in dealing with child offenders. It can be regarded as an alternative or complementary to the child justice system that allows the perpetrator and the victim to resolve the criminal dispute based on their needs and interests with the assistance of a neutral third party. Unless the discussion or agreement is unable to reach, the case will be forwarded to the court that has jurisdiction to hear and determine the case. However, Malaysia does not have specific provisions in the law that allow criminal offences committed by a child to be resolved through restorative justice. Thus, this article examines the concept of restorative justice and its implementation in the child criminal justice system in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. This article also examines Malaysian position on restorative justice for child offenders and how it can be integrated into the Malaysian child justice system. It is proposed that the Child Act 2001 be amended so that restorative justice can be introduced and implemented as part of the child justice system in Malaysia. This article adopts qualitative research with reference to printed and online materials such as books, journal articles, acts, and decided cases that are available in the library and the internet.
ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF LOHAN FISH MEATS
Authors: Putri Geovany Idilha , Lusiana Sanya Anda , Kristanto Budi , Budhi Astuti Nia
Published: June 2022

Due to the high prevalence of undernourished children, it is necessary to improve their nutritional status through food-based nutrition intervention. Lohan fish is one of the high protein food. The study aimed to analyze the organoleptic properties of lohan fishball. The research type was quasi-experimental with a one-shot case study design on lohan fishballs' organoleptic properties (color, taste, aroma, and texture). The treatment formulation compared three proportions of lohan fish and tapioca flour, namely, F1 50: 50, F2 60: 40, and F3 70: 30. Data analysis was performed using a descriptive method. The hedonic test results showed the most preferred formula was F2 for each attribute: color 55%, aroma 40%, 60% texture, and taste 45%.
Keywords: Fishball, Lohan fish, Organoleptic test
IDENTIFICATION OF PREGNANT MOTHER'S ANXIETY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE AREA OF KALAMPANGAN COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER
Authors: Sunjaya Anita , Oktaviani Oktaviani , Wahyuni Seri
Published: June 2022

The decrease in visits by pregnant women to check themselves is closely related to the anxiety and fear of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic. Worries due to the risk of contracting Covid-19 have caused mothers to delay their pregnancy check-ups at basic service facilities or primary health care other health care facilities. The lack of services in terms of personnel and infrastructure, including personal protective equipment, also has an impact on anxiety for pregnant women. The purpose of the study was to identify the anxiety of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic in the work area of ​​the Kalampangan Health Center. The research design was cross-sectional, with a sample of 133 pregnant women in the third trimester who performed Ante Natal Care in the Work Area of ​​the Kalampangan Health Center. The significant relationship between age and anxiety of pregnant women (p-value = 0.002), parity with anxiety of pregnant women (p-value = 0.002), and education with the anxiety of pregnant women (p-value = 0.003), work status, and marital status were not related. significantly with the incidence of the anxiety/fear in pregnant women. Pregnant women should avoid anxiety by increasing their knowledge so that anxiety can be managed properly. Knowledge of pregnant women can be increased through counseling, counseling, online classes, and home visits.
Keywords: Pregnant women, Anxiety, Covid-19 pandemic
THE TOTAL COLIFORM DENSITY IN TREATED LIQUID WASTE AT UTD PMI NGANJUK REGENCY
Authors: Mu’arofah Binti , Jumrotul Hasanah Aulia
Published: June 2022

Residual wastewater originating from health care facilities such as hospitals, private laboratories, and PMI is one of the factors that can cause water pollution because the waste contains high levels of organic compounds, including chemicals and pathogenic, one of which is Coliform bacteria. Hazardous to health and is often found in water. The Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) can determine the biological characteristics of the waste, with many 105 -108 organisms/ml. The number of bacteria present in the waste can be determined in several ways, one of which is the examination of the density of the number of Coliform bacteria. This examination aims to determine the density of the number of Coliform bacteria. This research uses the purposive sampling technique. Inspection is carried out on two tanks. Each tank is taken 3 points, namely the top, middle, and bottom points, and is repeated four times. The study's results on the density of the number of Coliform bacteria in wastewater after processing at UTD PMI Nganjuk Regency, the density of the number of Coliform bacteria was 1,871.5 in 100/ml sample. Three species of bacteria were found in the wastewater after treatment, including Escherichia coli 3 samples (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. Nineteen samples (79.2%), and Salmonella spp. Two samples (8.3%). The conclusion is based on the research results on 24 samples of liquid waste, which obtained an average value of 1,871.5, which is by the quality standard of liquid waste, which is 10,000. Three species of bacteria were found, namely Escherichia coli three samples (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. nineteen samples (79.2%), and Salmonella spp. two samples (8.3%).
Keywords: Bacterial density, Coliform bacteria, PMI waste
LITERATURE REVIEW: PLACENTAL MORPHOLOGY OF PREGNANT WOMAN WITH THE COVID-19
Authors: Dwi Astuti Siti Choirul
Published: June 2022

Placental disruption is an essential factor contributing to intrauterine fetal growth. Pregnant women who have been infected with Covid-19 will experience complications. One of the consequences of pregnant women have been infected with Covid-19 will cause delays in neural development in babies from the time they are in the womb. Delayed neural development in utero is associated with placental disorders. This study aims to review the literature on the placental product in pregnant women with Covid-19. The research was conducted by searching for journals on scientific sites using Covid-19 and Placenta. The study used articles published from 2018 to 2022. The results were 32 articles that stated that pregnant women with confirmed Covid-19 would have lower placental weight, dark placental color, and abnormal umbilical cord insertion. In conclusion, abnormal placentas were found in pregnant women with Covid19, but the Placenta also resembled the Placenta in women with diabetes and hypertension. More extensive studies are needed to elucidate the contribution of impaired placentation to delayed neurodevelopment in Covid-19 cases.
Keywords: Covid-19, Pregnant mother, Placenta
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE NORTH SURABAYA REGION
Authors: Ruhana Amalia , Indrawati Veni , Afifah Choirul Anna Nur , Dini Cleonara Yanuar , Sholihah Lini Anisfatus
Published: June 2022

The current COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected all areas of human life, especially in the economic sector, which in turn will affect household consumption, and nutrition. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of family food security in the northern Surabaya area during the covid 19 pandemic, job changes, changes in family income and the efforts made to deal with changes in income. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional study design. The population of this study is the entire population who live in the area of ​​North Surabaya. The research sample was calculated using the Slovin formula, a minimum sample of 100 samples, to anticipate dropouts, it was added to 120 samples which were then divided evenly into five sub-districts in the North Surabaya area, namely Semampir, Krembangan, Kenjeran, Bulak, and Pabean Cantian. Data collection on food security using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) instrument, data on changes in employment and family income using a questionnaire. Most of the respondents in North Surabaya are from food-insecure families (56.67%) and 20.83% of them are severe food insecure families. As many as 12.50% of the fathers in the respondent's families experienced a job change during this pandemic and more than half of the head of the family (56.67%) experienced a lower-income change. Most respondents try to deal with changes in income by making savings.
Keywords: Food security, Household food security, Covid-19 pandemic
MOTHER'S ATTITUDE AND HUSBAND SUPPORT TOWARD NEWBORN BABY VISIT AT RAWASARI COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER, JAMBI
Authors: Fitri Adelina , Putri Delta Intan , Amir Andy , Hubaybah Hubaybah , Putri Fitria Eka , Putra Ashar Nuzulul
Published: June 2022

One of the efforts that can be made to prevent abnormalities in newborns that can affect life-long disability and even death was to increase neonatal visits. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with neonatal visits on the factors of age, education, occupation, attitudes, knowledge, distance to health care, and husband's support in the work area of Rawasari Primary Health Care, Jambi City in 2020. The study design was cross-sectional, the population in this study were mothers who had babies aged 1-3 months at the Rawasari Primary Health Care. The sample amounted to 91 people. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Data collection was done from March-June 2020. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate chi-square. The results of this study showed that 63% of respondents did not make regular neonatal visits. Age (PR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.66-1.24) education (PR = 1.30; 95% CI = 0.94-1.75) occupation (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.82-1.51) attitude (PR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.05-1.93) knowledge (PR = 1.41 95% CI = 0.90-2.20 ) husband's support (PR = 1.95; 95% CI = (1.14-3.33) and distance to health care (PR = 0.92: 95% CI = 0.62-1.37). husband's support had the highest risk of not having regular neonatal visits. There was a significant relationship between a neonatal visit with attitude and the husband's support in Rawasari Primary Health Care Jambi city. The husband's support in accompanying mothers to health services should be improved because the highest risk in irregular neonatal visits.
Keywords: Maternal attitudes, Neonatal assessment, Spouse support
Sağlık kurumlarında maliyet yönetimine ilişkin 2004-2021 yılları arasında yapılmış akademik çalışmalar: Türk yazını incelemesi
Authors: ÇALIK Tuğçe , ULKU AKPINAR Sema
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlık kurumlarında maliyet yönetimi alanında çalışılan ve Türkiye ölçeğinde yazılmış makaleleri tespit etmek, sağlık kurumlarında hangi birimlerde ağırlıklı olarak çalışmalar yapıldığını bulmak, çalışmaların özel ve kamu sektöründeki dağılımlarını ortaya çıkararak bu alanda yapılacak olan bilimsel çalışmalara yol göstermektir. Bu bağlamda Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programından (2003) sonra yapılmış ve “Sağlık Kurumlarında Maliyet Yönetimi” ve “Sağlık Kurumlarında Maliyet Muhasebesi” anahtar kelimeleri yardımıyla “Google Akademik veri tabanında taranan 44 makale incelenmiştir. Makaleler yayınlandıkları dergilere, kullanılan araştırma yöntemlerine, veri toplama tekniklerine, başlık uzunluklarına, yazar sayılarına, anahtar kelime kullanım sayısına, en çok kullanılan anahtar kelimelere ve incelenen sağlık kurumları alanlarına, en çok yayın yapılan üniversiteler ve alanda en çok yayını olan araştırmacılara göre bibliyometrik yöntemle analiz edilmiştir. Alanda en çok yayın Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisinde yayımlanmıştır. En sık kullanılan yöntem doküman analizidir. En çok yayın 2017-2018 yıllarında yapılmıştır. En çok yayın yapılan üniversite Ankara Üniversitesi ve en çok yayın yapan akademisyen İsmail Ağırbaş’tır
The Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Combining Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir in Viral Hepatitis C Hemodialysis in Pakistani Population.
Authors: Muhammad Shad , Ikram Muhammad , Khan Ahmad Zeb , Ahmed Ibrar , Rehman Zia Ur , Ghulam Salma
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The study objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SOF and VLP combination in HCV-infected patients on Hemodialysis (HD) in the local community as usual Pakistani practice.

Methodology: In this study, 252 patients were given treatment who participated. Patients who maintain their hemodialysis are often given a combination of SOF and VLP. Before beginning the drug, the patient had testing that included an upper GI endoscopy, genotyping, measurement of the viral load, and a liver brow scan. Patients were administered SOF and VLP at dosages of 400 mg/day and 100 mg/day, respectively, for the duration of the study. Between March 2019 and March 2021, this study was conducted at the Department of Kidney Diseases at LRH Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan, which was an observational, prospective, single-center study. 27 HCV-HD patients were on a SOF/VLP regimen during the experiment. The ICH-GCP criteria were surveyed in an intended manner. During the data analysis, a p-value of 0.05 or below was considered statistically significant.

Results:  Forty percent ofthe patients were male, and sixtypercent were female between the ages of 27 and ninety. According to the findings of 252 participants (n = female 14, 43.5 percent and n = male 18, 45.5 percent), 21 subjects were naïve, and six issues were in the treatment-experienced group (with SOF/RBV), with a mean age of 35.5 years and a standard deviation of 9.6 years. At the post-treatment follow-up visit after 12 weeks of therapy with SOF/VLP, the sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 100 percent (252 of 252), indicating that all of the patients had successfully recovered from their infection. During the study, not a single patient had a virological setback or was lost to follow-up. The most common adverse effects (AEs) recorded were nausea, headache, and tiredness; however, there were no reports of significant AEs. In addition, there were no cases of therapy being stopped prematurely owing to adverse effects.

Conclusion: Patients in regular care in Pakistan who have HCV and are receiving HD are offered an extraordinarily efficient, risk-free, and well-tolerated treatment consisting of the total dosage of SOF-VLP given for 12 weeks.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Cacalincingan (Oxalis barrelieri L.) sebagai Bahan Dasar Hand Sanitizer Tanpa Alkohol
Authors: Pazra Debby Fadhilah Pazra , Ikhwan Multida  , Mutia Sari  , Siti Nurlita
Published: June 2022

Hand sanitizer komersial mengandung alkohol 60-70% lebih tinggi dibandingkan bir, anggur atau liquor lain serta mengandung zat triclosan. Zat triclosan dapat menyebabkan bakteri beradaptasi dengan sifat antimikroba. Penggunaan alkohol pada hand sanitizer terlalu sering dapat menyebabkan iritasi pada tangan, selain itu memiliki potensi tertelan secara tidak sengaja oleh manusia. Cacalincingan (Oxalis barrelieri L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa antibakteri yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar hand sanitizer tanpa alkohol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah tanaman cacalincingan (Oxalis barrelieri L.) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar hand sanitizer tanpa alkohol. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses pengambilan ekstrak tanaman cacalincingan dengan menggunakan pelarut ethanol. Hasil ekstrasi akan diencerkan dengan larutan aquades menjadi 6 konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% dan 30%. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian terhadap daya hambat bakteri menggunakan isolat lapangan yang ada pada tangan dengan metode difusi sumuran. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran ekstrak cacalincingan 25% yang ditambahkan minyak essensial  jeruk memiliki hasil terbaik daripada ekstrak cacalincingan murni dengan hasil uji hambatan sebesar 16,55 mm dan masuk dalam kategori kuat. Hal ini menunjukkan tanaman cacalincingan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar hand sanitizer tanpa alkohol.
Asymmetric Information and Agency Cost of Financial Leverage and Corporate Investments: Evidence from Emerging South-East European Countries
Authors: Naumoski Aleksandar , Arsov Sasho , Cvetkoska Violeta
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we investigated the impact of financial leverage on investment decisions on a sample of 811 firms from ten emerging South-Eastern European countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Croatia, Greece, Romania, North Macedonia, Slovenia, Serbia and Turkey). We apply a panel regression model involving investment ratio as a dependent variable, leverage as independent variable, and control for several firm characteristics that closely determines the corporate investments. The results of the analysis show that leverage is negatively related to investment in the companies in SEE. But only long term debt has a stronger negative impact on investment for firms with low growth opportunities than for firms with high growth opportunities. These findings show supportive evidence of agency theories of corporate leverage, especially with the debt overhang theory, but did not give strong validation that leverage has a disciplining role for firms with low growth opportunities in SEE emerging markets. In addition to leverage, we found that corporate investments in the SEE countries decrease significantly with tangibility and the company size. Corporate investments in the SEE countries increase significantly with cash flow, sales, non-debt tax shield and profitability. Overall, the results slightly defer with those from the research on the case of developed markets.
THE IMPACT, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF ONLINE LEARNING: A REVIEW
Authors: R Jayalakshmi
Published: June 2022

The aim of this review is to explore the impact of Online Learning after the Covid Pandemic era and the challenges and the opportunities it provides to the community. The learning goals and the outcomes have been discussed and the various methodologies that has to be adopted has also mentioned. The major focus of the work is to give emphasise on the importance of online learning and how the teaching community has to effectively engage itself so as to teach the students of the present and the future.
Güncel Bilgilerle Laktasyon Dönemi Ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ERÇİN Elif , KÖSEOĞLU Sabiha Zeynep Aydenk
Published: June 2022

Yenidoğan bebekler için en uygun beslenme yöntemi laktasyon olup hem bebekler hem de anneler için birçok faydalar içermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı laktasyon dönemi, önemi ve bu dönemi etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesidir. Bu derlemede, laktasyon, anne ve bebek üzerine etkileri, laktasyonun etkilediği faktörlerden beslenme ve anne sütü üzerine etkisi olan besinsel faktörler üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışma laktasyona dair literatür taraması şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelenen literatür ışığında laktasyonun hangi faktörlerden etkilendiği ve özellikle de laktasyondaki kadının beslenmesinin bebeğin büyüme ve gelişmesi açısından ne derece önem taşıdığı bilinen bir gerçek olarak görülmektedir. Derlemenin sonuçlarının laktasyonda beslenme üzerine çalışan sağlık profesyonellerine yol gösterebileceği düşünülmektedir.
INFLUÊNCIA DA APLICAÇÃO DE UM SOFTWARE EDUCATIVO NA EFICIÊNCIA E EFICÁCIA DA APRENDIZAGEM DA LÍNGUA INGLESA DE ALUNOS DOS CURSOS TÉCNICOS DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO PIAUÍ - IFPI
Authors: Nunes de Sousa Demerval , Alves Rosilda Maria
Published: June 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o grau de influência da aplicação de um software educativo na eficiência e eficácia da aprendizagem da língua inglesa de alunos dos Cursos Técnicos Concomitante e/ou Subsequente no Campus Teresina Central do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI), envolvendo os cursos de Eletrotécnica e Refrigeração/HVAC - Climatização. O estudo aborda a concepção de inclusão digital utilizando um software educativo que facilite o ensino aprendizagem no contexto do ensino de inglês. Sendo um estudo experimental, a base do estudo é a abordagem quantitativa. A metodologia é do tipo descritiva, a abordagem quantitativa, o enfoque é experimental porque tem o propósito de manipular ou controlar variáveis. Foi realizada uma produção, que foi testada e analisada no processo ensino-aprendizagem. A população é de 40 alunos. Na análise estatística de dados, os testes usuais são: 1) Teste t para grupos independentes; teste X2 com dois grupos independentes e teste U de Mann-Whitney. A utilização do site English Software, que foi criado objetivando melhorar o ensino-aprendizagem, impulsionou o aprendizado da Língua Inglesa (LI) e, ao mesmo tempo, favoreceu mais motivação e interatividade entre os alunos e os conhecimentos aprendidos, dando assim êxito aos objetivos propostos dentro do contexto alvo e a confirmação da hipótese alternativa.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: CONCEITOS HISTÓRICOS E INVESTIGATIVOS NO ÂMBITO BRASILEIRO CONFORME AS NORMAS DA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR PARA O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Milanez Suzigan Adriana , Alves Guimarães Ueudison
Published: June 2022

No presente trabalho elenca-se: analisar a formação do professor do ensino fundamental; Relações interpessoais: professores e alunos; avaliar a formação do professor do ensino fundamental; estabelecer e criar condições e espaços para se fazer um bom trabalho; estabelecer a relação entre teoria e prática do professor. Em uma escola na qual a constituição do ensino fundamental seja aplicada de forma democrática e reflexiva, a qual esse é o principal objetivo a ser atingido. Sendo assim, a importância da reflexão sobre o desenvolvimento proporcionado pelo professor, identifica o modo que o próprio aluno se torne agente do processo de aprendizagem, pensamento crítico de transformação, modificando e decidindo junto com o grupo escolar o melhor  ambiente de se estudar. Para tal, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas de cunho qualitativo e caráter descritivo. Concluiu-se a importância de ter um supervisor escolar atuando como mediador dos afetos que ocorrem no interior da escola, de modo a garantir que o processo educativo brasileiro formal aconteça com qualidade.
Effects of nonthermal plasma on food safety and food quality attributes: a review
Authors: Liu HongXia , Ma Xin , Guo Dingmeng , Feng Xinxin , Xie Jinzhuo , He Chi
Published: June 2022

The use of nonthermal plasma (NTP) is a promising technology that has high efficiency, safe for the environment, and free from toxic residues. Therefore, NTP has been applied in the food industry to reduce the activity of microorganisms on foods. Even after NTP treatment, the foods exhibit satisfactory high quality in terms of physical (colour and texture) and chemical (pH, titration acidity, nutrients, and enzymes) characteristics. In the present review, the effects and mechanisms of microbial inactivation conducted using NTP on foods are reviewed. In addition, the effects on food quality attributes after plasma treatment are also discussed. Finally, the conclusions of NTP pertaining to food safety, food quality attributes, and some of the related challenges are proposed. The present review provides deeper understanding pertaining to the viability of plasma technology in food processing applications.
Effect of thermosonication in a laboratory-scale continuous system on the survival of thermophilic bacteria and indigenous microbiota in milk
Authors: Deshpande Vidita , Walsh Marie K.
Published: June 2022

Fluid foods are typically heat-treated to eliminate pathogens and reduce microbial counts. Coupling thermosonication with heat may reduce the microbial load in fluid foods and enhance the product quality during storage. This study evaluated the effect of thermosonication along with heat in a laboratory-scale continuous system, on the survival of Geobacillus stearothermophilus in milk, at two different settings (setting 1: 27.7 s total heating time with or without 11.9 s of sonication; setting 2: 20.3 s total heating time with or without 7.1 s of sonication). This study also investigated the effect of thermosonication along with heat on indigenous microbiota in raw milk; and milk quality was assessed by pH, free fatty acid (FFA) content, and casein/total protein (CN/TP) content during storage at the two different settings. Overall, thermosonication with heat resulted in higher log reductions for G. stearothermophilus; but, the reduction was not significant overall. Thermosonication with heat significantly decreased the indigenous microbiota in milk as compared to heat alone at both settings. Longer residence times (setting 1) had significantly higher log reductions at week 0, and treatment samples had significantly higher reductions than control during storage time at both the settings. Treatment samples at setting 1 had significantly higher pH and CN/TP, and lower FFA content at week 4, as compared to the control. Thermosonication using practical residence times along with heat may reduce milk microbiota. Results from this study need to be verified in a scale-up study employing pasteurization conditions.
Simultaneous determination of 11 water-soluble dyes in food products and beverages by high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc-Van Thi , Nguyen Kim-Ngan Huynh , Dam Kim-Thoa Thi , Vo Huynh-Trang , Nguyen Kieu-Anh Thi , Kim Kyeong Ho
Published: June 2022

A simple and inexpensive liquid chromatography diode array detector (LC-DAD) procedure has been developed to analyse food dyes in beverages, candies, jams, salted fish, Chinese sausage, and cake. A reverse stationary phase provided sufficient selectivity and chromatographic performance for the separation of 11 water-soluble dyes (tartrazine, amaranth, indigo carmine, ponceau 4R, sunset yellow, allura red, carmoisine, fast green FCF (Food green 3), brilliant blue, quinoline yellow, and indocyanine green). The samples were extracted with 1% ammonium solutions and acetonitrile, purified, and concentrated using a C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge for beverages, and weak anion exchange SPE cartridge for solid samples. They were determined using a reverse-phase C18 column with gradient elution of 0.2% ammonium acetate buffer, and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Multiple-specific wavelengths were used to monitor the dyes in the visible range to provide higher sensitivity and an expanded scope for a large number of analytes. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the dyes were in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 and 0.5 - 1.0 µg/mL, respectively. The precision of the method ranged from 2.71 to 6.31%, while recovery ranged from 90.8 to 105.6%. The validated method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of 11 water-soluble dyes in 36 commercial products obtained from the local supermarket. Application to the analysis of beverages and food samples available to consumers proved that the described methods are suitable for the routine analysis of dyes in food products containing a broad range of dyes.
Stability and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity of peptide RVPSL-loaded graphene oxide
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Guo Hui , Zhao Wenzhu , Zhang Minwei , Li Jianrong , Liu Jingbo
Published: June 2022

Previous work has demonstrated that the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide RVPSL is very unstable and loses its ACE inhibitory activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, graphene oxide (GO) was used to improve the stability of RVPSL in the present work. The structure and morphology of RVPSL-GO were characterised using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of RVPSL-GO was examined using HepG2 cells. RVPSL was successfully covalently bonded to GO and the RVPSL-loading capacities of RVPSL-GO were calculated to be 1.05 mg RVPSL/mg GO, and the loading efficiency value was 95.02%. The results showed that GO enhanced RVPSL ACE activity (at 0.026 mg/mL) from 26.47 to 39.70%. This may have caused a higher local concentration of RVPSL in the solution after GO was modified. Moreover, the stability of RVPSL was improved with protection from GO. The ACE inhibition rate of RVPSL-GO was 49.08%, while RVPSL was completely degraded after 2 h in simulated gastrointestinal digestion. In addition, RVPSL-GO displayed high viability for HepG2 cells with no significant cytotoxicity.
Isolation and detection of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli from skewered meatballs by using ipaH gene
Authors: Budiarso Tri Yahya , Prihatmo Guntoro , Restiani Ratih , Pakpahan Suhendra , Puteri Yesica
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, food safety has become an increasingly important aspect to be considered, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Yogyakarta is known for its plethora of street foods, which are sold in public places and school environments. In the present work, the microbiological safety of such street foods, particularly skewered meatballs, was assessed. The present work aimed to detect enteropathogenic bacterial contaminations, particularly enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), using a combination of microbiological, biochemical assay API 20E, and molecular characterisation of virulence factor by ipaH primer pairs. The results confirmed the presence of bacterial contamination particularly from the most-common coliform group. The street food vendors must be educated by presenting information that the total bacterial count has exceeded the safety threshold. The microbiological examination confirmed the presence of suspected enteropathogenic colonies, based on the biochemical assays. Molecular identification of three isolates yielded positive results containing ipaH gene, which is a strong indication of EIEC-type of bacteria, most probably E. coli and Shigella spp.
Antibacterial activity of black cumin, clove, and ginger essential oils against specific spoilage organisms of ready-to-eat chilli shrimp paste
Authors: Chan Mei Theng , Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor Khaizura , Mahyudin Nor Ainy , Jamaludin Nur Syifa , Mohd Khairul Nurul Shafiqa Atikah , Yahya Ummul Izzatul Izzah
Published: June 2022

Ready-to-eat (RTE) chilli shrimp paste has a short shelf life; thus, chemical additives are usually added to extend it. However, certain additives have potential health implications. In this regard, plant essential oils (EOs) which exhibit antibacterial properties can be used as an alternative for extending the shelf life of RTE chilli shrimp paste. The present work intended to (1) establish the microbial profile of RTE chilli shrimp paste, (2) determine the antibacterial activities of black cumin, clove, and ginger EOs against the isolated specific spoilage organisms (SSO) of RTE chilli shrimp paste, and (3) determine their effect on the shelf life of RTE chilli shrimp paste. Biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to identify the SSO in RTE chilli shrimp paste. Disc diffusion assay was performed for antibacterial analysis of EOs. To monitor the shelf life of the paste, total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mould count (YMC) were carried out for five days. The results showed that the SSO of RTE chilli shrimp paste were dominated by Staphylococcus spp. followed by Klebsiella aerogenes and Enterobacter tabaci. EOs of black cumin, clove, and ginger showed inhibitory effects against the SSO with the highest inhibition by ginger EO of 27.50 ± 9.19 to 58.00 ± 7.21 mm. Application of ginger EO in RTE chilli shrimp paste showed a 3-log reduction of bacterial population and 4-log reduction for fungal population. It was concluded that ginger EO can be a highly potential candidate to be added into RTE chilli shrimp paste as a natural additive to extend its shelf life.
Bioactive compounds, volatile, and texture profile of muffins after partial substitution of butter and milk
Authors: Muresan Crina Carmen , Marc Vlaic Romina Alina , Muresan Vlad , Muresan Andruta , Martis Georgiana , Socaci Sonia , Farcas Anca , Filip Miuta , Muste Sevastiţa
Published: June 2022

The aim of the present work was to determine the optimal level for partial substitution of butter and milk with pistachio paste and rose water. The quantity of pistachio paste added to the muffins was 6, 9, and 12%, while the quantity of rose water was 5% for all the samples, except for control sample. A significant increase in protein (6.52 - 8.01%), total phenols (13.19 - 18.54 mg GAE/100 g), and antioxidant capacity (10.83 - 16.69% RSA) was observed, as well as a decrease in fat (13.06 - 11.98%). The concentrations of individual sugars namely sucrose, glucose, and fructose were not significantly influenced by the added pistachio paste. The volatile compounds which were predominant in the analysed samples were benzaldehyde, D-limonene, 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-, β-myrcene, α-pinene, β-linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, and β-citronellol. Regarding the textural profile, the muffin samples added with pistachio paste and rose water were not significantly influenced (p > 0.05).
Quality of walleye pollack frozen surimi by adding carboxylic acid salt in place of sugar compounds
Authors: Sato Shigeo , Kunimoto M. , Arai K.
Published: June 2022

Sugar compounds and polyphosphates are typically added to frozen surimi for the maintenance of its quality. To create healthier, low-calorie frozen surimi, frozen surimi using carboxylic acid and amino acid salts as preservatives in place of sugar compounds was prepared. After thawing, the surimi was salted, followed by preheating at 30°C for either 40 min or between 0 and 40 min, and then heating it at 90°C for 30 min. The breaking strength (BS) and breaking strain (bs) of the heat-induced gels of the surimi were then measured using a rheometer, and the gel strength (Gs = BS / bs) and jelly strength (JS = BS × bs) were calculated. The quality of the surimi was evaluated by assessing the physical properties of the heat-induced gels made from it, as well as the relationship between the BS and Gs during preheating for two-step heated gels. Results showed that the frozen surimi preparations made with 5% sodium gluconate and 3% sodium gluconate + 2% sodium glutamate, each with the addition of 0.1% Na3PO4, were comparable in quality to the typical preparation with 5.7% sugar compounds, remaining stable at -23°C for seven months or at -45°C for ten months. It was also found that, when comparing samples with equal BS values, the heat-induced gels of the 5% sodium gluconate and 3% sodium gluconate + 2% sodium glutamate preparations had slightly lower bs values as compared to typical frozen surimi with sugar compounds, thus exhibiting a slightly more brittle texture.
Evaluation of food safety and halal criteria in supplier selection: an application in food sector with fuzzy COPRAS method
Authors: Başaran Burhan , Çakır Süleyman
Published: June 2022

Supplier selection is among the crucial processes for any food industry operation. An incorrect choice when selecting a supplier will pose significant hazards in terms of food safety, and can cause substantial harm to virtually any operation of the enterprise. However, the number of studies focusing on this issue is rather limited, and the supplier selection procedure to serve as a source of reference for food producers has not been developed yet. The present work thus aimed to facilitate the use of food safety and halal criteria in supplier selection processes, and to help food producers in making choices by using the COPRAS-F method. The present work was carried out at an enterprise engaged in dairy products, analysed the processes involving four suppliers providing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging, and evaluated 12 criteria to guide the choice of supplier. The present work is one of the first attempts for supplier selection in food industry based on the COPRAS-F method. Results suggested that the COPRAS-F method could offer a practical method for not just supplier selection processes, but any multi-criteria decision-making problem a company might face.
Synergistic antibacterial effects of bacteriocin produced by Bacillus velezensis BUU004 and medicinal plant extracts against Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium in dried, crushed, and seasoned squid
Authors: Soodsawaeng Pornpimon , Butkhot Namphueng , Boonthai Traimat , Vuthiphandchai Verapong , Nimrat Subuntith
Published: June 2022

Controlling the growth of food-borne pathogens in foodstuffs is important to enhance food safety and promote higher food safety standards. A number of naturally occurring compounds (e.g., bacteriocins and plant-derived compounds) have been widely reported to be safe and effective antimicrobial agents against spoilage and food-borne pathogenic bacteria. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of a semi-purified preparation (SPP) containing bacteriocin from Bacillus velezensis BUU004, a mixture of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.), chili spur pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) extracts, and their combination to control the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium in dried, crushed, and seasoned squid during 28 d of storage. The mixed herb extracts (160 mg/mL) showed stronger inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. Typhimurium than the SPP (800 AU/mL) from B. velezensis BUU004. Interestingly, the combination of SPP from B. velezensis BUU004 and the mixed herb extracts substantially decreased the numbers of both pathogens in dried seasoned squid during storage as compared to that observed with the individual additives. The bactericidal activity of the SPP from B. velezensis BUU004 in combination with the mixed herb extracts against the food-borne pathogens involved cell lysis as ruptured cell walls were observed by a scanning electron microscopy. Therefore, the SPP from B. velezensis BUU004 combined with the mixed herb extracts offers tremendous advantages as a novel, safe, natural, and effective way to improve the biosafety of dried seafood products.
High-yield intracellular production of an exo-polygalacturonase enzyme via heterologous expression of Penicillium notatum gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zhang Shuangshuang , Amin Faiza , Xiong Mingyong , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Bilal Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Exo-polygalacturonase (Exo-PG) is one of the most important members of the pectinolytic group of enzymes with immense applications in the food industry. The present work was undertaken to investigate the cloning, expression, and transformation of an Exo-PG gene in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to achieve the high titre of Exo-PG from Penicillium notatum. For this, the Exo-PG gene from P. notatum was cloned into BamHI and XbaI digested pYES2 plasmid with GAL1 promoter, and heterologously expressed in S. cerevisiae. The recombinant yeast cells were cultivated at 30°C in shake flask fermentation using minimal media without uracil, in the presence of ampicillin (100 µg/mL), following the addition of 2.0% galactose as an expression inducer. Results revealed that the yeast was a good expression host, and successfully produced 6.67 U/mL of the recombinant enzyme into the culture media after 24 h of induction; under longer induction time, the activity was decreased. The secreted Exo-PG exhibited two strong bands with an approximate molecular weight of 20 - 25 kDa and 70 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thus indicating a dimeric protein. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that the gene was successfully expressed, thus resulting in high-yield intracellular production of Exo-PG.
Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of commonly consumed Thai fruits
Authors: Kamchansuppasin Achiraya , Sirichakwal Prapaisri P. , Bunprakong Luksana , Yamborisut Uruwan , Kongkachuichai Ratchanee , Kriengsinyos Wantanee , Nounmusig Jureeporn
Published: June 2022

The present work was aimed to determine the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of commonly consumed Thai fruits for the potential risk of chronic diseases. Healthy subjects consumed 25 g available carbohydrate (fruits and glucose) in random order. Eighteen fruits were classified as low GI (26.5 - 54.8%) including jujube, unripe mango, banana (Kluai-Namwa, Kluai-Khai, and Kluai-Leb-Mu-Nang varieties), guava, tamarind, jackfruit, durian (Monthong and Chanee varieties), tangerine, longan, starfruit, pomelo (Thong Dee variety), sapodilla, white dragon fruit, sala, and rambutan. Fruits with medium GI (55.4 - 69.6%) includes pomelo (Kao Nampheung variety), banana (Kluai Hom variety), red dragon fruit, watermelon, coconut, mangosteen, longkong, ripe mango, papaya, rose apple, and lychee. Pineapple has a high GI value. Most of the studied fruits were classified as low GL except for tamarind, red dragon fruit, mangosteen, lychee, and pineapple which were classified as medium GL. Various kinds of Thai fruits provided different GI and GL values. Therefore, low GI fruit with low GL regimen can be considered as alternative food sources to be used for diet manipulation in diabetic patients as well as in healthy population.
Effect of soaking and heating stimulation on the formation of isothiocyanates in Eruca sativa Mill. seeds and sprouts
Authors: Wang Shufang , Li Xinyue , Wang Qiaoe , Wang Pei , Gu Zhenxin , Yang Runqiang
Published: June 2022

The present work investigated the effects of soaking followed by heating on the metabolism of glucosinolates (GLs) in rocket seeds and sprouts. Soaking for 1 h increased myrosinases (MYR) activity of seeds. Heating at 70°C for 10 min after soaking resulted in the highest isothiocyanates (ITCs) formation in seeds. Both immerse-heating and steam-heating decreased the total GLs content in seeds and 2-day old sprouts. However, steam-heating showed minor effect on total GLs content when compared with immerse-heating. Both methods showed a decreased MYR activity in seeds and sprouts. Nevertheless, heating had a positive impact on ITCs formation. Under immerse-heating, ITCs formation was the highest in seeds and sprouts at 70°C heating. However, under steam-heating, ITCs formation in seeds and sprouts was higher at 70 and 60°C, respectively. The results indicated that steam-heating treatment was effective for improving ITCs formation in rocket seeds and 2-day old sprouts.