bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ARQUIVISTA ARCONTE E O EXERCÍCIO DE NARRAR
Authors: Salgueiro da Silva Janieli , Santos Pinheiro Alexandra
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo, analisamos o livro Tantos anos (1998), de Rachel de Queiroz e Maria Luíza de Queiroz. Trata-se de uma narrativa memorialística, a partir da qual as escritoras tecem importantes reflexões sobre os valores socioculturais que regiam a sociedade de seu tempo, permitindo-nos não apenas reconstruir os modos de vida da época, mas também refletir sobre a importância de obras dessa natureza para a (re)visão, a contrapelo da história, de valores historicamente constituídos. Interessa-nos mostrar como as irmãs Queiroz se utilizam da memória como forma de dar visibilidade ao passado, às representações sociais, e ao lugar da mulher. A análise aqui empreendida está amparada pelos referenciais teóricos da memória: Bosi (1979), Halbwachs (2006), Le Goff (1990), Zilberman (2010); e da escrita biográfica Derrida (2001), Lejeune (2008), Bernd (2013).
MEMÓRIA E SUBJETIVIDADE EM O OLHO DE VIDRO DE MEU AVÔ, DE BARTOLOMEU CAMPOS DE QUEIRÓS, E AOS 7 E AOS 40, DE JOÃO ANZANELLO CARRASCOZA
Authors: Navas Diana , Ribeiro Ferreira Eliane Aparecida Galvão
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo objetiva investigar como se configura a construção identitária dos protagonistas das obras O olho de vidro de meu avô, de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós (2004), e Aos 7 e aos 40, de João Anzanello Carrascoza (2013), por meio de seus relatos memorialísticos. Na análise destas obras, busca-se, a partir das contribuições da Estética da Recepção (ISER, 1999 e 1996), refletir sobre como ambas projetam seu leitor implícito. Justifica-se a eleição desses livros, pois se situam em um gênero marcado pela crítica social, prosa poética e reflexão sobre o fazer ficcional. Por isto, constrói-se, neste texto, a hipótese de que possuem potencialidades para despertar o senso crítico do jovem leitor, ampliar seus horizontes de expectativa e desautomatizar seus conceitos prévios acerca do uso da linguagem.
MEMORIAL DE AIRES
Authors: Cardoso Joel , Ferreira de Sales Maria Domingas
Published: November 2019

O artigo se propõe a fazer uma abordagem sobre o Tempo na obra Memorial de Aires, de Machado de Assis. São preponderantes nesta modalidade de texto os aspectos referentes ao Tempo, não apenas como elemento peculiar da narrativa, mas também como tematização da última obra escrita pelo mestre carioca, considerando-se, ainda, a carga semântica que traz em si o termo “memorial”. Trata-se de uma breve reflexão baseada nos estudos de Octavio Paz, Gaston Bachelard. Jeanne Marie Gagnebin, a propósito da leitura sobre Walter Benjamim e de pressupostos sobre Tempo e Memória, de Raul Castagnino, tomados para demonstrar que o Memorial de Aires, como representação do constante diálogo entre passado, presente e futuro, integra tais dimensões no conjunto do que chamamos obra literária. O Tempo, portanto, como instância constitutiva da ficção, confere à narrativa proporções maiores, reitera as amarras existentes entre a memória e a imaginação. É o elemento ativo propulsor dos fatos, construtor da história.
AS MANIFESTAÇÕES DO MAL EM O SOPRO, O FILHO TROCADO E MAL DA LUA, DE LUIGI PIRANDELLO
Authors: Quilian de Vargas Andrea
Published: November 2019

Luigi Pirandello produziu dezenas de narrativas curtas que se inserem em um gênero que teve seu auge no final do século XIX: a literatura fantástica. Este texto se justifica pela necessidade de uma nova abordagem sobre as novelas de Pirandello, com o intuito de mostrar de que forma o mal se faz presente em três de seus contos fantásticos: O sopro, O filho trocado e Mal da lua.
O AMOR NO GRANDE SERTÃO: VIOLÊNCIA E UTOPIA NO ANTI-ROMANCE ROSIANO
Authors: Bier Felipe
Published: November 2019

O texto procura construir uma análise detalhada do amor em Grande sertão: veredas. Mais especificamente, foca-se na relação entre Riobaldo e Diadorim para argumentar que o amor entre os companheiros jagunços não compartilha da mesma natureza que os outros amores na obra. O amor compõe-se de modo a sustentar os movimentos erráticos do narrador, sendo, portanto, a principal força de atração da trama, ao mesmo tempo em que condiciona a visão sobre a violência no texto. O entendimento do amor na obra reteria, portanto, a chave para sua decifração formal ao mesmo tempo em que costuraria a imagem de uma utopia política a partir dos questionamentos que lança sobre o entrelaçamento entre desejo, moralidade e violência. Por fim, lança-se a tese de que o amor entre Riobaldo e Diadorim é o elemento que, comportando um regime da diferença bastante peculiar, colocaria a obra na contramão, bem como na vanguarda, do romance moderno.
A GÊNESE DA REVISTA E DA CRÔNICA DE MODA BRASILEIRAS (1827-1851)
Authors: Suriani da Silva Ana Cláudia
Published: November 2019

Este artigo propõe um exame de periódicos com conteúdo de moda publicados no Rio de Janeiro na primeira metade do século XIX: O Espelho Diamantino (1827-1828), A Mulher do Simplício (1832-1846), Correio das Modas (1839-1840), O Gosto (1843), Espelho Fluminense (1843) e O Martinho (1851). Em primeiro lugar, discute o surgimento das revistas de moda brasileiras no contexto do desenvolvimento da imprensa e da indústria da moda no Rio de Janeiro. Em segundo lugar, examinando a seção “Modas” em comparação com o conteúdo visual e outros conteúdos textuais dos periódicos acima mencionados, apresenta as principais características das primeiras revistas de moda brasileiras e estabelece as origens da crônica da moda brasileira como gênero jornalístico.
Analysis and quantification of ENSO-linked changes in the tropical Atlantic cloud vertical distribution using 14 years of MODIS observations
Authors: Madenach Nils , Carbajal Henken Cintia , Preusker René , Sourdeval Odran , Fischer Jürgen
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A total of 14 years (September 2002 to September 2016) of Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) monthly mean cloud data are used to quantify possible changes in the cloud vertical distribution over the tropical Atlantic. For the analysis multiple linear regression techniques are used. For the investigated time period significant linear changes were found in the domain-averaged cloud-top height (CTH) (−178 m per decade), the high-cloud fraction (HCF) (−0.0006 per decade), and the low-cloud amount (0.001 per decade). The interannual variability of the time series (especially CTH and HCF) is highly influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Separating the time series into two phases, we quantified the linear change associated with the transition from more La Niña-like conditions to a phase with El Niño conditions (Phase 2) and vice versa (Phase 1).
The transition from negative to positive ENSO conditions was related to a decrease in total cloud fraction (TCF) (−0.018 per decade; not significant) due to a reduction in the high-cloud amount (−0.024 per decade; significant). Observed anomalies in the mean CTH were found to be mainly caused by changes in HCF rather than by anomalies in the height of cloud tops themselves. Using the large-scale vertical motion ω at 500 hPa (from ERA-Interim ECMWF reanalysis data), the observed anomalies were linked to ENSO-induced changes in the atmospheric large-scale dynamics. The most significant and largest changes were found in regions with strong large-scale upward movements near the Equator. Despite the fact that with passive imagers such as MODIS it is not possible to vertically resolve clouds, this study shows the great potential for large-scale analysis of possible changes in the cloud vertical distribution due to the changing climate by using vertically resolved cloud cover and linking those changes to large-scale dynamics using other observations or model data.
Transport of the 2017 Canadian wildfire plume to the tropics via the Asian monsoon circulation
Authors: Kloss Corinna , Berthet Gwenaël , Sellitto Pasquale , Ploeger Felix , Bucci Silvia , Khaykin Sergey , Jégou Fabrice , Taha Ghassan , Thomason Larry W. , Barret Brice , Le Flochmoen Eric , von Hobe Marc , Bossolasco Adriana , Bègue Nelson , Legras Bernard
Published: November 2019

Abstract. We show that a fire plume injected into the lower stratosphere at high northern latitudes during the Canadian wildfire event in August 2017 partly reached the tropics. The transport to the tropics was mediated by the anticyclonic flow of the Asian monsoon circulation. The fire plume reached the Asian monsoon area in late August/early September, when the Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) was still in place. While there is no evidence of mixing into the center of the AMA, we show that a substantial part of the fire plume is entrained into the anticyclonic flow at the AMA edge and is transported from the extratropics to the tropics, and possibly the Southern Hemisphere particularly following the north–south flow on the eastern side of the AMA. In the tropics the fire plume is lifted by ∼5 km in 7 months. Inside the AMA we find evidence of the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) in August, doubling background aerosol conditions with a calculated top of the atmosphere shortwave radiative forcing of −0.05 W m−2. The regional climate impact of the fire signal in the wider Asian monsoon area in September exceeds the impact of the ATAL by a factor of 2–4 and compares to that of a plume coming from an advected moderate volcanic eruption. The stratospheric, trans-continental transport of this plume to the tropics and the related regional climate impact point to the importance of long-range dynamical interconnections of pollution sources.
Performance of a new coaxial ion–molecule reaction region for low-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry with reduced instrument wall interactions
Authors: Palm Brett B. , Liu Xiaoxi , Jimenez Jose L. , Thornton Joel A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) techniques have become
prominent methods for sampling trace gases of relatively low volatility.
Such gases are often referred to as being “sticky”, i.e., having
measurement artifacts due to interactions between analyte molecules and
instrument walls, given their tendency to interact with wall surfaces via
absorption or adsorption processes. These surface interactions can impact
the precision, accuracy, and detection limits of the measurements. We
introduce a low-pressure ion–molecule reaction (IMR) region primarily built
for performing iodide-adduct ionization, though other adduct ionization
schemes could be employed. The design goals were to improve upon previous
low-pressure IMR versions by reducing impacts of wall interactions at low
pressure while maintaining sufficient ion–molecule reaction times. Chamber
measurements demonstrate that the IMR delay times (i.e., magnitude of wall
interactions) for a range of organic molecules spanning 5 orders of
magnitude in volatility are 3 to 10 times lower in the new IMR compared to
previous versions. Despite these improvements, wall interactions are still
present and need to be understood. To that end, we also introduce a
conceptual framework for considering instrument wall interactions and a
measurement protocol to accurately capture the time dependence of analyte
concentrations. This protocol uses short-duration, high-frequency
measurements of the total background (i.e., fast zeros) during ambient
measurements as well as during calibration factor determinations. This
framework and associated terminology applies to any instrument and
ionization technique that samples compounds susceptible to wall
interactions.
An ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation system for the whole neutral atmosphere
Authors: Koshin Dai , Sato Kaoru , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , Watanabe Shingo
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A data assimilation system with a four-dimensional local ensemble transform Kalman filter (4D-LETKF) is developed to make a new analysis data for the atmosphere up to the lower thermosphere using the Japanese Atmospherics General Circulation model for Upper Atmosphere Research. The time period from 10 January 2017 to 20 February 2017, when an international radar network observation campaign was performed, is focused on. The model resolution is T42L124 which can resolve phenomena at synoptic and larger scales. A conventional observation dataset provided by National Centers for Environmental Prediction, PREPBUFR, and satellite temperature data from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) for the stratosphere and mesosphere are assimilated. First, the performance of the forecast model is improved by modifying the vertical profile of the horizontal diffusion coefficient and modifying the source intensity in the non-orographic gravity wave parameterization, by comparing it with radar wind observations in the mesosphere. Second, the MLS observational bias is estimated as a function of the month and latitude and removed before the data assimilation. Third, data assimilation parameters, such as the degree of gross error check, localization length, inflation factor, and assimilation window are optimized based on a series of sensitivity tests. The effect of increasing the ensemble member size is also examined. The obtained global data are evaluated by comparison with the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis data covering pressure levels up to 0.1 hPa and by the radar mesospheric observations which are not assimilated.
A global comparison of community-based responses to natural hazards
Authors: Paterson Barbara , Charles Anthony
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Community-based disaster preparedness is an important component of disaster management. Knowledge of interventions that communities utilize in response to hazards is important to develop local-level capacity and increase community resilience. This paper systematically examines empirical information about local-level responses to hazards based on peer-reviewed, published case studies. We developed a data set based on 188 articles providing information from 318 communities from all regions of the world. We classified response examples to address four key questions: (i) what kinds of responses are used by communities all over the world? (ii) Do communities in different parts of the world use different kinds of responses? (iii) Are communities using hazard-specific responses? (iv) Are communities using a multi-hazard approach? We found that within an extensive literature on hazards, there is relatively little empirical
information about community-based responses to hazards. Across the world,
responses aiming at securing basic human needs are the most frequently reported kinds of responses. Although the notion of community-based disaster preparedness is gaining importance, very few examples of responses that draw on the social fabric of communities are reported. Specific regions of the world are lacking in their use of certain hazard responses classes. Although an all-hazard approach for disaster preparedness is increasingly recommended, there is a lack of multi-hazard response approaches on the local level.
The impact of upwelling on the intensification of anticyclonic ocean eddies in the Caribbean Sea
Authors: van der Boog Carine G. , Pietrzak Julie D. , Dijkstra Henk A. , Brüggemann Nils , van Westen René M. , James Rebecca K. , Bouma Tjeerd J. , Riva Riccardo E. M. , Slobbe D. Cornelis , Klees Roland , Zijlema Marcel , Katsman Caroline A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The mesoscale variability in the Caribbean Sea is dominated by anticyclonic eddies that are formed in the eastern part of the basin. These anticyclones intensify on their path westward while they pass the coastal upwelling region along the Venezuelan and Colombian coast. In this study, we used a regional model to show that this westward intensification of Caribbean anticyclones is steered by the advection of cold upwelling filaments. Following the thermal wind balance, the increased horizontal density gradients result in an increase in the vertical shear of the anticyclones and in their westward intensification. To assess the impact of variations in upwelling on the anticyclones, several simulations were performed in which the northward Ekman transport (and thus the upwelling strength) is altered. As expected, stronger (weaker) upwelling is associated with stronger (weaker) offshore cooling and a stronger (weaker) westward intensification of the anticyclones. Moreover, the simulations with weaker upwelling show farther advection of the Amazon and Orinoco River plumes into the basin. As a result, in these simulations the horizontal density gradients were predominantly set by horizontal salinity gradients. The importance of the horizontal density gradients driven by temperature, which are associated with the upwelling, increased with increasing upwelling strength. The results of this study highlight that both upwelling and the advection of the river plumes affect the life cycle of mesoscale eddies in the Caribbean Sea.
Internal tide energy flux over a ridge measured by a co-located ocean glider and moored acoustic Doppler current profiler
Authors: Hall Rob A. , Berx Barbara , Damerell Gillian M.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Internal tide energy flux is an important diagnostic for the study of energy pathways in the ocean, from large-scale input by the surface tide to small-scale dissipation by turbulent mixing. Accurate calculation of energy flux requires repeated full-depth measurements of both potential density (ρ) and horizontal current velocity (u) over at least a tidal cycle and over several weeks to resolve the internal spring–neap cycle. Typically, these observations are made using full-depth oceanographic moorings that are vulnerable to being “fished out” by commercial trawlers when deployed on continental shelves and slopes. Here we test an alternative approach to minimize these risks, with u measured by a low-frequency acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) moored near the seabed and ρ measured by an autonomous ocean glider holding station by the ADCP. The method is used to measure the semidiurnal internal tide radiating from the Wyville Thomson Ridge in the North Atlantic. The observed energy flux (4.2±0.2 kW m−1) compares favourably with historic observations and a previous numerical model study. Error in the energy flux calculation due to imperfect co-location of the glider and ADCP is estimated by subsampling potential density in an idealized internal tide field along pseudorandomly distributed glider paths. The error is considered acceptable (<10 %) if all the glider data are contained within a “watch circle” with a diameter smaller than 1∕8 the mode-1 horizontal wavelength of the internal tide. Energy flux is biased low because the glider samples density with a broad range of phase shifts, resulting in underestimation of vertical isopycnal displacement and available potential energy. The negative bias increases with increasing watch circle diameter. If watch circle diameter is larger than 1∕8 the mode-1 horizontal wavelength, the negative bias is more than 3 % and all realizations within the 95 % confidence interval are underestimates. Over the Wyville Thomson Ridge, where the semidiurnal mode-1 horizontal wavelength is ≈100 km and all the glider dives are within a 5 km diameter watch circle, the observed energy flux is estimated to have a negative bias of only 0.4 % and an error of less than 3 % at the 95 % confidence limit. With typical glider performance, we expect energy flux error due to imperfect co-location to be <10 % in most mid-latitude shelf slope regions.
Hydraulic fracture propagation in a heterogeneous stress field in a crystalline rock mass
Authors: Dutler Nathan , Valley Benoît , Gischig Valentin , Villiger Linus , Krietsch Hannes , Doetsch Joseph , Brixel Bernard , Jalali Mohammadreza , Amann Florian
Published: November 2019

Abstract. As part of the In-situ Stimulation and Circulation (ISC) experiment, hydraulic fracturing (HF) tests were conducted in a moderately fractured crystalline rock mass at the Grimsel Test Site (GTS), Switzerland. The aim of these injection tests was to improve our understanding of processes associated with high-pressure fluid injection. A total of six HF experiments were performed in two inclined boreholes; the surrounding rock mass was accessed with 12 observation boreholes, which allows for the high-resolution monitoring of fracture fluid pressure, strain, and microseismicity in an exceptionally well-characterized rock mass. A similar injection protocol was used for all six experiments to investigate the complexity of the fracture propagation processes. At the borehole scale, these processes involved newly created tensile fractures intersecting the injection interval, while at the cross-hole scale, the natural network of fractures dominated the propagation process. The six HF experiments can be divided into two groups based on their injection location (i.e., south or north to a brittle–ductile shear zone), their similarity of injection pressures, and their response to deformation and pressure propagation. The injection tests performed in the south connect upon propagation to the brittle–ductile shear zone. Thus, the shear zone acts as a dominant drain and a constant pressure boundary. The experiments executed north of the shear zone show smaller injection pressures and larger backflow during bleed-off phases. From a seismic perspective, the injection tests show high variability in seismic response independently of the location of injection. For two injection experiments, we observe reorientation of the seismic cloud as the fracture propagated away from the wellbore. In both cases, the main propagation direction is normal to the minimum principal stress direction. The reorientation during propagation is interpreted to be related to a strong stress heterogeneity and the intersection of natural fractures striking differently than the propagating hydraulic fracture. The seismic activity was limited to about 10 m of radial distance from the injection point. In contrast, strain and pressure signals reach further into the rock mass, indicating that the process zone around the injection point is larger than the zone illuminated by seismic signals. Furthermore, strain signals indicate not just single fracture openings but also the propagation of multiple fractures. Transmissivities of injection intervals increase about 2–4 orders of magnitudes.
Modelling soil and landscape evolution – the effect of rainfall and land use change on soil and landscape patterns
Authors: van der Meij W. Marijn , Temme Arnaud J. A. M. , Wallinga Jakob , Sommer Michael
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Humans have substantially altered soil and landscape patterns and properties due to agricultural use, with severe impacts on biodiversity, carbon sequestration and food security. These impacts are difficult to quantify, because we lack data on long-term changes in soils in natural and agricultural settings and available simulation methods are not suitable to reliably predict future development of soils under projected changes in climate and land management. To help overcome these challenges, we developed the HydroLorica soil-landscape evolution model, that simulates soil development by explicitly modelling the spatial water balance as driver of soil and landscape forming processes. We simulated 14500 years of soil – formation under natural conditions for three scenarios of different rainfall inputs. For each scenario we added a 500-year period of intensive agricultural land use, where we introduced tillage erosion and changed vegetation type. Our results show substantial differences between natural soil patterns under different rainfall input. With higher rainfall, soil patterns become more heterogeneous due to increased tree throw and water erosion. Agricultural patterns differ substantially from the natural patterns, with higher variation of soil properties over larger distances and larger correlations with terrain position. In the natural system, rainfall is the dominant factor influencing soil variation, while for agricultural soil patterns landform explains most of the variation simulated. The cultivation of soils thus changed the dominant factors and processes influencing soil formation, and thereby also increased predictability of soil patterns. Our study highlights the potential of soil-landscape evolution modelling for simulating past and future developments of soil and landscape patterns. Our results confirm that humans have become the dominant soil forming factor in agricultural landscapes.
Model-free Estimation of Available Power using Deep Learning
Authors: Göçmen Tuhfe , Liew Jaime , Meseguer Urban Albert , Lio Alan Wai Hou
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In order to assess the level of power reserves during down-regulation, the available power of a wind turbine needs to be estimated. The current practice in available power estimation is heavily dependent on the pre-defined performance parameters of the turbine and the curtailment strategy followed. This paper proposes a model-free approach for a single input, dynamic estimation of the available power using recurrent neural networks. The unsteady patterns in the turbulent flow are represented via Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neurons which are trained during a period of normal operation. The model-free approach requires only 1-Hz wind speed measurements as the input and generates 1-Hz available power estimation as the output. The neural network is trained, tested and validated using the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine HAWC2 model under realistic atmospheric conditions. The adaptability of the network to changing inflow conditions is ensured via transfer learning, where the last LSTM layer is updated using new measurements. It is seen that the sensitivity of the networks to changing wind speed is much higher than that of turbulence, and the updates are to be implemented solely based on the altering inflow velocity. The validation of the trained LSTM networks on time series with 7, 9 and 11 m/s mean wind speeds demonstrates high accuracy (less than 1 % bias) and capability of transfer-learning. Including highly turbulent inflow cases, the networks have shown to easily comply with the most recent grid codes, which require the quality of the available power estimations to be evaluated with high accuracy (less than 3.3 % standard deviation of the error) at 1-min intervals.
Wind turbine load dynamics in the context of turbulence intermittency
Authors: Schwarz Carl Michael , Ehrich Sebastian , Peinke Joachim
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The importance of a high-order statistical feature of wind, which is neglected in common wind models, is investigated: non-Gaussian distributed wind velocity increments related to the intermittency of turbulence and their impact on wind turbine dynamics and fatigue loads are the focus. Gaussian and non-Gaussian synthetic wind fields obtained from a continuous-time random walk model are compared and fed to a common aero-servo-elastic model of a wind turbine employing blade element momentum (BEM) aerodynamics. It is discussed why and how the effect of the non-Gaussian increment statistics has to be isolated. This is achieved by assuring that both types feature equivalent probability density functions, spectral properties and coherence, which makes them indistinguishable based on wind characterizations of common design guidelines. Due to limitations in the wind field genesis, idealized spatial correlations are considered. Three examples with idealized; differently sized wind structures are presented. A comparison between the resulting wind turbine loads is made. For the largest wind structure sizes, differences in the fatigue loads between intermittent and Gaussian are observed. These are potentially relevant in a wind turbine certification context. Subsequently, the dependency of this intermittency effect on the field's spatial variation is discussed. Towards very small structured fields, the effect vanishes.
Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress ('Cupressus sempervirens') communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis
Authors: López-Sáez José Antonio , Glais Arthur , Tsiripidis Ioannis , Tsiftsis Spyros , Sánchez-Mata Daniel , Lespez Laurent
Published: November 2019

Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations.
“The ladies merely breathed deeply”: Women’s Invisible Contributions to the Smoky Mountains Hiking Club
Authors: Harper Elizabeth Skene
Published: November 2019

In the early 1930s, a group of hiking enthusiasts from Knoxville, Tennessee, believed no group of persons anywhere would profit more from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park than they. Their club, the Smoky Mountains Hiking Club, dedicated itself to bringing a Smokies national park to fruition and developing the Appalachian Trail. During the interwar era, hiking clubs formed across the nation and were integral to generating widespread citizen support for national parks and other wilderness areas. Women were part of the hiking club movement from the beginning and provided invaluable, although often invisible, labor. This article highlights the women in the Smoky Mountains Hiking Club during the 1920s and 1930s who contributed immeasurably to the club’s activities. When we study this movement through an interdisciplinary framework of sociability and connective labor, set against the unique cultural and economic conditions of the New Deal and Great Depression era, we see the value of these women’s efforts despite being subjected to gender-based notions of skill and ability. Without their contributions, the club would not have sustained its successful and wide-reaching advocacy.
Effect of Boiling and Wet Frying on Nutritional and Antinutrients Content of Traditional Vegetables Commonly Consumed in Malawi
Authors: Issa Joseph Y. , Onyango Arnold , Makokha Anselimo O. , Okoth Judith
Published: November 2019

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of boiling and wet frying on nutritional and antinutrients content of Amaranth hybridus, Moringa oleifera, Bidens pilosa (black jack), Corchorus olitorius (Jute mallow) and Ipomea batatas (sweet potato) leaves. The edible portions of the vegetables were either boiled or wet fried for ten minutes then dried alongside the raw vegetables under the shade. Crude fats, minerals, vitamins and antinutrients were determined in the dried materials. Wet frying increased the oil content of the vegetables by a range of 15.49% to 28.40 % and was hence associated with lower % ash and mineral contents. Wet frying significantly reduced (P≤0.05) beta-carotene in all the vegetables except in jute mallow. Boiling had no significant effect on beta-carotene in most of the vegetables. Boiling significantly reduced (P≤0.05) ascorbic acid in all the vegetables while wet frying preserved ascorbic acid in all the vegetables. Both boiling and wet frying significantly reduced (P≤0.05) oxalates in all the vegetables except in black jack. Both boiling and wet frying significantly (P≤0.05) reduced the concentration of phytates in most of the vegetables. However, boiling was more effective in reducing the amount of phytates. Boiling reduced higher concentrations of tannins in all the vegetables as compared to wet frying. Boiling was associated with better retention of minerals and beta-carotene, and greater reduction of antinutrients in most of the vegetables. Wet frying was more advantageous in retaining vitamin C. The different species showed differences in retention of various minerals and vitamins.
Reengineering the Romanian Timber Supply Chain from a Process Management Perspective
Authors: Rauch Peter , Borz Stelian Alexandru
Published: November 2019

Implementation of process management in the forest supply chains has a great potential for organizational and managerial improvement, at least by resource saving. Nevertheless, techniques of process management have been scarcely used to improve the forest supply chains in many parts of the world. In this study, for both Romanian state and private forests, the processes of the timber supply chain – from the harvest site to the forest-based industry plant – are mapped and analyzed. The main objectives of this work were to identify process optimization potentials and to redesign processes in order to improve the performance of the Romanian timber supply chain. Results show that particularly inter-organizational processes offer great saving potentials, mainly due to the existing multi-level hierarchy and multi-level control obligations. Therefore, introducing a web-based platform to enhance a collaborative workflow can considerably decrease the time needed for providing harvest sites or logs to customers via auctions. Further process optimization can be reached by the empowerment of lower level hierarchies facilitating the reduction of hierarchy levels of involved state organizations.
Recovery of Forest Soil Chemical Properties Following Soil Rehabilitation Treatments
Authors: Jourgholami Megdad , Khajavi Somayeh , Labelle Eric R.
Published: November 2019

Several rehabilitation treatments have been applied to mitigate runoff and sediment in machine trafficked areas following logging operations, while the knowledge on the consequence of these remediation techniques on the recovery of soil properties remains scarce. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different rehabilitation treatments including sawdust mulch (SM), water diversion structure (WDS), untreated/bare trail (U), and undisturbed or control area (UND) on the recovery of soil chemical properties over a six-year period after machine-induced compaction occurred on three longitudinal trail gradients (10, 20, and 30 %).In each treatment, the following soil properties were measured: litter thickness, pH, EC, soil organic C, total N, and available P, K, Ca, and Mg. Five sampling plots (with 10 m length and 4 m width) were positioned in each trail gradient classes and three of these plots were randomly considered for soil sampling.The results demonstrate that litter thickness differed among the three treatments, with the highest amount present on the UND area and lowest on the U treatment. Meanwhile, the highest pH (6.75), EC (0.21 Ds m−1), N (0.27 %), available P (14.61 mg kg−1), available K (123.5 mg kg−1), available Ca (135.1 mg kg−1), and available Mg (42.1 mg kg−1) and the lowest C (1.21 %) and C/N ratio (7.83 %) were found on the SM with gradient of 10 % compared to other gradient classes on SM, WDS and, U treatments. The recovery value of litter depth, pH, EC, C, N, C/N ratio, and available nutrients (P, K, Ca, and Mg) were higher on the SM than the WDS at the gradient of 10 %, while significantly higher levels of these variables were measured under WDS installed on trail gradients of 30 % and 20 % when compared with the same gradients on SM. Results of the study revealed that soil chemical properties showed some evidence of recovery following SM and WDS rehabilitation treatments compared to U, although these properties did not fully recover within 6 years as compared to UND area.
Systeemmodelleren in het justitie- en veiligheidsdomein
Authors: Pruyt Erik
Published: November 2019

The design of future proof systems in the security domain using system modelling

This article focusses on the question whether quantitative modelling and simulation is useful for judicial forecasting, ex-ante testing of judicial policies, and (re)designing chains of organisations like the judicial chain. Specific attention is given to methods that can be used in the face of complexity and deep uncertainty. That is, when facing many substantial uncertainties. Complexity and uncertainty are first of all focused on. Subsequently, modelling methods for dealing with complexity and uncertainty are discussed in more detail, examples are given, and the process needed to build such models in a participatory way is discussed.
Over Cyber Forecasting-toernooien
Authors: Joseph Regina , Klaver Marieke , van de Kuijt Judith , van Luijk Diederik
Published: November 2019

Towards a more effective use of quantified predictions through a Cyber Forecasting Tournament

Threats, vulnerabilities, and new forms of attack within the cyber domain develop rapidly. To keep up with and respond to these trends, cyber security professionals must demonstrate reaction velocity, accuracy and a high tolerance for complexity. Publicly available information (PAI) can serve as an important aid to personnel engaged in cyber security analysis. However, evaluation of cyber analytical capacity – a pre-requisite for any measurement of quality or improvement – is still inchoate. This article covers the concept and design of an initial phase of research begun in October 2018 in The Netherlands to measure and improve cyber analysis techniques. The research program features a forecasting tournament to record participants’ probabilistic estimates on future cyber outcomes based exclusively on PAI knowledge acquisition. This phase of research seeks to address whether analysts’ predictions are more accurate in certain subjects within the cyber domain than in others and to assess how predictive accuracy in the cyber domain compares to accuracy in other domains in which forecasting tournaments have been organized.
Genocide, Indian Policy, and Legislated Elimination of Indians in Canada
Authors: Palmater Pamela
Published: November 2019

The primary objective of early Indian policy was to ensure the eventual disappearance of Indians – a goal which has not changed in hundreds of years. The registration provisions in the Indian Act will achieve this goal through entitlement criteria, which ensures legislative extinction after two generations of marrying out. This has resulted in two separate legal categories of federally recognized registrants: status and non-status Indians, where membership in one group or the other determines access to essential services, band membership and more. The denial of federal recognition to non-status Indians has also resulted, in some cases, in the erosion of Indigenous identity, culture and communal connection. Court-based remedies have done little to address these ongoing injustices and Canada has shown little interest in a significant policy change.
Statistics Canada Data Collection on Inuit: The Importance of Consultation and Context
Authors: Morris Marika
Published: November 2019

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission underlined the importance of knowing the history and context of Indigenous peoples in Canada, and how today’s institutions continue to be shaped by this legacy with detrimental effects. This article applies that lens to Statistics Canada data collection and reporting on Indigenous groups, particularly Inuit. Statistics Canada has already made strides in terms of consultations with national Indigenous organizations, but improvements can be made in more accurately capturing and describing Indigenous populations. These include: reviewing the definition of Métis, developing methods to include reserves and institutions (“collective dwellings”) fully, outreach strategies and methodologies to include transient and homeless persons, and providing both past and present contextual information to understand better the data and to avoid inadvertently contributing to stereotypes.
Carlos Drummond de Andrade: poeta-vaga-lume
Authors: Araújo Alzira Maria Ribeiro
Published: November 2019

Pesquisando a gênese do erotismo/pornografia na poética memorialista de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, especialmente em Boitempo II e III e em O Amor Natural, encontramos em Didi Huberman, no seu livro “Sobrevivência dos Vaga-lumes, a metáfora dos lampejos para nos referirmos às  recorrências intermitentes de sonhos e desejos sexuais do nosso poeta itabirano, desde a sua infância, culminando com o que foi poetizado no livro póstumo ( O Amor Natural). Diante da impotência de uma realização eróticas plena, parte-se para uma poética memorialista toda ela  repleta de lampejos de um grito sufocado.
Moradas da subjetividade: corpo, casa e cidade na poesia de Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Tavares Thaís Rocha
Published: November 2019

Resumo: No presente artigo, visamos analisar os poemas de Drummond em que o eu-lírico se defronta consigo e com o outro. No contexto de alteridade, a cidade similarmente atua como um referencial de construção do indivíduo (sendo, também, constituída em um vínculo de espelhamento mútuo), imerso no processo de modernização e no emaranhado das relações sociais. Serão abordados os poemas: “Reportagem matinal” (Versiprosa), “As contradições do corpo” (Corpo), “A um hotel em demolição” (A vida passada a limpo), “Confidência do itabirano” (Sentimento do mundo), “Explicação” (Alguma poesia), “Ar” (A vida passada a limpo), “Prece de um mineiro no Rio” (A vida passada a limpo), “Coração numeroso” (Alguma poesia) e “Caeté” (Alguma poesia). Dessa forma, buscamos investigar na poesia de Drummond, esse eu-lírico transitório e que transita, que se refaz e ressignifica, caracterizado pelo constante estado de “estar” do “ser” no mundo.
A Comparative Study of the Relationship Between Time and Criminal Justice: the New Face of Criminal Statutes of Limitations in Italy
Authors: Lonati Simone
Published: November 2019

Addressing the need to avoid punishing long past events that have fallen into oblivion, only to then come into play when the government, by means of proceedings, stages a re-enactment and thus a reminiscence of those events: statutes of limitations in criminal law are marked by an axiological ambiguity. The debate on their quomodo becomes particularly heated when the focus turns to the possible interferences between limitation periods and criminal proceedings. The discussion stems from the difficult attempt to balance primary and essentially heterogeneous interests: on the one hand, protecting the accused from the “punishment of trial” and, on the other, providing the criminal justice system with adequate time for prosecuting and adjudicating criminal offences as a way to effectively protect the interests harmed by the commission of certain crimes. Furthermore, there is a widespread concern to avoid instrumental conducts by the parties solely aimed at running out the clock. The matter is undoubtedly complex, as the issues and implications it gives rise to are multiple and varied. In an attempt to outline a possible statutory framework that may govern the relationship between the passage of time after the commission of an offence and the time needed for its adjudication, it may be useful to expand the knowledge base from which to draw upon in order to identify appropriate solutions: to look beyond domestic boundaries is, after all, good practice when faced with an impasse. This analysis aims to closely examine the choices made in two legal systems-Germany and Spain-whose legal traditions are the closest to Italy. Firstly, the study will describe the key features characterizing, in general, limitation periods for criminal offences. Subsequently, special attention will be paid to the rules governing the impact that the launch and dynamics of criminal proceedings have on the running of limitation periods. Based on the differences and especially the similarities between the respective rules in force in the two countries, it will be possible to formulate a number of observations regarding the provisions implemented by the Italian legislator. Lastly, comparing and contrasting the German and Spanish legal experiences will allow a closer look at the more recent reforms of statutes of limitations in Italy, to the extent that the latter appear roughly inspired by the principles applied in the aforementioned systems.
О возможности универсальной рациональности, или Что делать, если хочется быть догматиком
Authors: Соколова Татьяна Дмитриевна ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: November 2019

В статье предлагается к обсуждению понятие универсальной рациональности. Насколько оправдано в современной философии рассуждать об универсальной рациональности? И если да, то на каких основаниях? Какой должна быть теория универсальной рациональности и какие теоретические и практические средства есть у философа, если он хочет оставаться догматиком? В настоящей статье я попытаюсь (1) кратко охарактеризовать отношение философии к определению рациональности в исторической перспективе; (2) отметить принципиальные теоретические проблемы, связанные с попытками дать определение универсальной рациональности; (3) попытаться вывести требования, которым должна удовлетворять концепция универсальной рациональности; (4) предложить теоретические основания для ее построения; (5) и наметить технические приемы для их реализации.
Техника как изобретение: проект Homo Creator
Authors: Шаталов-Давыдов Дмитрий Юрьевич ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: November 2019

В статье рассматривается концепт Homo Creator, разработанный Хансом Позером на основе фундаментального анализа большинства существующих концепций философии техники. Х. Позер критикует функционалистский подход к сущности технического, предлагая заменить его на неотомистское понимание техники как выбора наиболее оптимального решения из заранее предустановленного перечня возможных. Таким образом он демонстрирует свою приверженность пониманию дессауэровской интерпретации техники. Модель серьезно дорабатывается Позером при помощи добавления гартмановской онтологии четырех стадий понимания мира и определения места технического артефакта в ней; разрабатывается соответствующая система категорий и поновому переопределяется отношение «человек – технический объект». Данная схема сопрягается с моделью обратной каузальности Поппера, образуя в итоге цепочку – (в разных ролях) пользователь, конструктор, изобретатель: идея изобретателя, реализуемая в эскизе (в свою очередь порожденная некоторым соотношением категорий возможности и потребности), накладывает ограничения на материальное исполнение технического артефакта. Такой подход говорит об универсальном характере технического решения. Исходя из онтологии Позера, рассматривается возможность применения термина «негумбольдтовские зоны обмена» к современному типу коммуникации разработчиков и пользователей инженерного программного обеспечения.