bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axonal Domain Structure as a Putative Identifier of Neuron-Specific Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Cultured Neurons
Authors: Burke Samuel , Trudeau Louis-Eric
Published: October 2022

Several populations of neurons are purported to degenerate in Parkinson’s disease (PD). One current hypothesis suggests that vulnerable neurons in PD share common characteristics including projecting to voluminous territories and having extremely long and branched axonal domains with large numbers of neurotransmitter release sites. In this study, we used a mousein vitroculture system to compare the axonal domain of neuronal populations suspected to be vulnerable in PD to that of neuronal populations considered at a lesser risk. In the first category, we included dopamine (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra, noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC), serotonin neurons of the raphe nuclei (R), and cholinergic neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). In the second category, we included DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area, cholinergic neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus, and cholinergic interneurons of the dorsal striatum. Validating their differential vulnerability, we find that, when compared with neurons presumed to be resilient in PD, a larger proportion of neurons presumed to be vulnerable in PD degenerate in response to cell stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. We also find that they are endowed with larger axonal domains, that are more complex, have more axonal varicosities with a higher proportion of varicosities that are positive for synaptotagmin 1 (Syt-1). Notwithstanding the obvious limitations related to the dissection of small brain nuclei and to the growth of these neuronsin vitro, these findings support the hypothesis that axonal domain structure is a key characteristic of neuronal vulnerability to oxidative stress.
El precedente administrativo en el proceso de responsabilidad fiscal en Colombia
Authors: Acosta González Paula Andrea , Barbosa Jaimes Juan Camilo , Rojas Garavito Gregorio José
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo, refleja los resultados de una investigación socio jurídica de método cualitativo, con alcance analítico descriptivo, que tuvo como objetivo analizar la aplicación del Precedente Administrativo en el proceso de responsabilidad fiscal en Colombia, como mecanismo garante de los derechos de los sujetos investigados en el marco del proceso de responsabilidad fiscal, buscando así velar por el efectivo cumplimiento y goce de sus derechos y principios Constitucionales tales como, la seguridad jurídica, buena fe, igualdad y confianza legítima.  Partiendo del desarrollo normativo doctrinal del precedente judicial, como herencia del derecho anglosajón, Nos acercamos al concepto de Precedente Administrativo, sus características y aplicaciones práctica en el proceso de responsabilidad fiscal a cargo de los organismos de control fiscal como la Contraloría General de la República, las Contralorías Territoriales y la Auditoría General de la República. Posteriormente, se identifica en un primer capítulo la estructura del proceso de responsabilidad fiscal en Colombia y sus garantías de protección de los derechos de los sujetos investigados. Procediendo en el segundo capítulo, se esboza el desarrollo de la teoría del Precedente Administrativo en Colombia y su desarrollo en el proceso de responsabilidad fiscal. Esto nos permitió concluir que el Precedente Administrativo en Colombia tiene una vinculatoriedad potencial, no sólo en virtud del artículo 10 de la ley 1437 de 2011, sino también como mecanismo de efectivización de la Carta Política.
Legitimidad del test de sustitución realizado por la Corte Constitucional: una propuesta alternativa
Authors: Díaz Guevara Nicolás Iván , Rodríguez Rivera Daniela
Published: October 2022

Carlos Bernal Pulido exmagistrado de la Corte Constitucional en la conferencia ‘‘Diálogos con el mundo’’ desde el año 2011 ha señalado que la Corte Constitucional a partir de las sentencias C - 551 de 2003 y C – 970 de 2004, bajo el argumento de ser la máxima guardiana de la Constitución de 1991 creó la figura jurídica del Test de Sustitución para ampliar las competencias otorgadas por los artículos 241 y 379 superior. De esta forma se permite revisar de fondo los actos reformatorios de la Constitución para evitar que se sustituyan ‘‘ejes definitorios’’ de la Carta Política. Así se desnaturaliza el espíritu que el Constituyente primario quiso para la misma, incurriendo en tres errores, a saber: a) Error de fundamentación, por cuanto dicha competencia atribuida carece de soporte constitucional; b) Error de significado, por cuanto existe ausencia de claridad conceptual en relación con los ‘‘ejes definitorios’’ y promueve cláusulas intangibles, y c) Objeción democrática, por cuanto se interrumpen abruptamente órbitas competenciales de las ramas del poder público entre sí. Sin embargo, en aras de proponer una solución a los problemas descritos, Carlos Bernal Pulido ofrece postulados resolutivos, que desafortunadamente adolecen de los mismos errores que el Test de Sustitución Originario de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional. En consecuencia, serán objeto de revisión en el presente artículo y a su vez se propondrá una solución alternativa que respete el principio de separación de poderes y la democracia deliberativa, máxime cuando Colombia es un Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho.
Reparación integral de los daños causados por vehículos con sistemas de conducción autónoma
Authors: Beltrán Serrano Jesús Andrés
Published: October 2022

Este escrito abordará el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías que por su naturaleza pueden aumentar el peligro de causar perjuicios a terceros. Así, por medio de las diferentes instituciones jurídicas desarrolladas en el ordenamiento colombiano – tanto de carácter sustancial como procesal –, que tienden al logro de una reparación integral, vinculando al proceso a quienes participaron en el desarrollo de los productos diseñados con utilización de nuevas tecnologías y la Inteligencia Artificial. Para esto, se analizará el panorama internacional de los vehículos autónomos y la tecnología existente, se presentarán brevemente los diferentes tipos de daños y su reparación integral, se estudiará la responsabilidad civil a la luz de los derechos del consumidor y por el régimen de actividades peligrosas. Por último, se profundizarán las instituciones jurídicas de derecho procesal que garantizan la prevalencia del derecho sustancial. Con base en lo anterior, poder presentar las posibilidades con las cuales cuenta quien sufrió el perjuicio para vincular a todos los llamados a responder integralmente, conforme a las circunstancias de modo, tiempo y lugar.
Transfer strategy for near infrared analysis model of holocellulose and lignin based on improved slope/bias algorithm
Authors: Wang Honghong , Xiong Zhixin , Hu Yunchao , Liu Zhijian , Liang Long
Published: October 2022

Model transfer techniques in near infrared spectroscopy are important for avoiding duplicate modeling, sharing samples and data resources, and reducing the human and material consumption required for modeling. Use of the slope/bias correction algorithm (S/B) based on screening wavelengths with consistent and stable signals (SWCSS) for model transfer is a new strategy. To enable sharing of near infrared analysis models of pulp holocellulose and lignin content in two different types of spectroscopic instruments, a combined SWCSS-S/B algorithm was proposed. The stable and consistent wavelengths between the spectroscopic instruments screened by the SWCSS method reduced the differences between the instruments, thereby improving the universality and transmission accuracy of the S/B method. The SWCSS-S/B based model transfer method reduced the predicted standard deviation RMSEP of holocellulose and lignin contents of the samples measured on the target spectrometer of the from 5.4686 and 7.6823 to 1.2133 and 1.3494, respectively. This result showed a significant improvement in the transfer effect compared to the SWCSS and S/B correction results alone, and the prediction of holocellulose was better than that of the prediction effect of lignin. The method has fewer wavelength variables involved in model transfer, fast transfer speed, and high prediction accuracy, which provides a new solution for the wide application of NIR analytical models.
Selected physical parameters of spruce chips vs. alkali consumptions in the impregnation step of kraft pulping
Authors: Kohútová Michaela , Peciar Peter , Němeček Martin , Fekete Roman
Published: October 2022

The uniformity of pulp and the amount of rejects are influenced by many factors, but impregnation can be the most important. The opportunities for improving impregnation of kraft white liquor start in description of the parameters affecting the process. The first parameter is the chip itself (its basic density, moisture, and pH) and the second is the process parameters set by the technological possibilities of the digester. During outside storage, the chips deteriorate via the fungal stains, brittleness, and high acidity. The moisture content also decreases. Understanding the relationships of chip parameters in the impregnation step and amount of rejects requires the assignment of effective alkali consumption. This study shows the effects of selected physical parameters, such as bulk density, moisture, and pH, of spruce chips on alkali consumption during impregnation step of a Super Batch process.
Elastic and inelastic form factors of the 10B nuclei with the large-basis shell model
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq, Jawed Bashair H. , Salman Adie D. , Hossain I. ,   Department of Physics, Rabigh College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2022

In this study, inelastic and elastic form factors for the low-lying excited states of 10B nucleus were calculated utilizing the nuclear shell model theory. We employed a large-basis psd model space with psdmwk interaction and the harmonic oscillator potential in the form factors calculation. The calculated results with the effective charge are in acceptable agreement with experimental results.
Model of reactivity accident of the RBMK-1000 reactor
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Borysenko V.I. , Goranchuk V.V.
Published: October 2022

The reactor model was used to study the accident that destroyed the RBMK-1000 reactor at Unit 4 of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant on 26 April 1996. The model of reactivity accident of the RBMK-1000 reactor is based on equations of nuclear reactor kinetics, taking into account feedback in reactor reactivity. Reactivity changes as a result of both external influences – the movement of regulatory organs, changes in the reactor inlet coolant temperature, – and as a result of feedback by core parameters – changes in fuel temperature, coolant density, and 135Хе concentration. The model takes into account steam generation in the reactor core, which corresponds to the real physics of processes at the RBMK reactor, and allows obtaining simulation results that best match the recorded data and the consequences of the accident process. The study of reactivity accident on RBMK-1000 reactor is carried out for different combinations of values of control rods efficiency; reactivity coefficients by fuel temperature and coolant density; changes in the reactor inlet coolant temperature; the emergency protection time, as well as the reactor power level before closing the turbine generator stop valve. Different reactivity accident scenarios at RBMK-1000 reactor allow us to determine the most unfavorable combinations of external influences on the course of reactivity accident, namely: start time of main coolant pump rundown, time of activation of emergency protection, power level before the closing of turbine generator stop valves. In most reactivity accident scenarios, first of all, the critical values of fuel enthalpy are reached, at which the process of fuel destruction in the fuel element, destruction of the fuel assembly, and assembly channel start. Important results of studies are 1 – determination of the fact that time of activation of emergency protection after the closing of stop valves of turbine generator significantly affects the value of the maximum neutron power that is achieved during a reactivity accident; 2 – determination of the effect of reactor power before the closing of turbine generator stop valves on the course of the accident; 3 – it is not necessary to achieve supercritical on instantaneous neutrons, supercritical on delayed neutrons is enough to start fuel destruction.
Characteristics of the territory of the Rivne region according to the value of radon flux density out of the soil
Authors:   National University of Water Management and Nature Resources, Rivne, Ukraine, Klymenko M.O. , Klymenko O.M. , Lebed O.O. , Klymenko L.V. , Zaleskiy I.I. , Varzhel O.V.
Published: October 2022

This article presents features of pre-Mesozoic Quaternary sediments and soil variations for the territory of the region. Middle-Upper Riphean sediments (sandstones) of the Lower Vendus (tuffs, basalts), represent the Polissia zone on the territory. The Lisostep zone is represented by Devonian sediments (interlayers of argillites, siltstones, and limestones). The soils of the Polissia area formed the mellow sand and moraine deposits and represent the soddy podzolic of the different levels of soil gleying. The soils of Lisostep formed less and loamy soils and they represent mainly grey forest podzolic and low humus chernozem with the marks of soil podzolization. The scale of quantitative and qualitative estimation of constrained ecological risk for the region population is set from lower to a high level with the value of radon current density out of the soil from 0 to 25 mBq/(m2⋅s), medium – from 25.1 to 50 mBq/(m2⋅s), higher than medium from 50.1 to 75 mBq/(m2⋅s), higher than 75 mBq/(m2⋅s). Notably, in the Polissia area, 46.3 % of the population suffers from a medium level of risk and in the area of Lisostep, 23.4 % of the population suffers from higher than medium risk and 4.6 % suffers from high-constrained ecological risk.
Енергетика України: ймовірні сценарії відновлення та розвитку
Authors: Кириленко Олександр Васильович , Снєжкін Юрій Федорович , Басок Борис Іванович , Базєєв Євген Трифонович
Published: October 2022

У статті розглянуто проблеми функціонування енергетики України, зокрема скрутний стан комунальної (муніципальної) теплоенергетики з урахуванням руйнування енергетичної інфраструктури населених пунктів, та завдання із забезпечення надійного енергопостачання житлових і громадських будівель в умовах воєнного та післявоєнного періодів. Наведено  перелік пріоритетних наукових досліджень та науково-технологічних розробок, спрямованих на створення нової конкурентоспроможної науково-технічної продукції, необхідної в умовах воєнного стану для дотримання енергетичної безпеки й досягнення енергонезалежності країни і її регіонів.
Становлення та розвиток наукової школи з математичної теорії фільтрації
Authors: Сергієнко Іван Васильович , Хіміч Олександр Миколайович
Published: October 2022

У вересні 2022 р. виповнюється 100 років від дня народження відомого педагога, науковця, організатора освіти і науки, засновника наукової школи з математичної теорії фільтрації, двічі лауреата Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки (1981, 1989), заслуженого діяча науки і техніки України (1972), лауреата премії ім. М.М. Крилова НАН України (1975) доктора фізико-математичних наук (1963), професора (1965), академіка НАН України (1973) Івана Івановича Ляшка.
Дослідження коливань регулярних механічних систем з порушеною циклічною симетрією як одна з візитівок Інституту проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренка НАН України
Authors: Трощенко Валерій Трохимович , Матвєєв Валентин Володимирович , Савченко Кирило Валентинович
Published: October 2022

Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренка НАН України відомий у світі як один з провідних наукових центрів з вивчення широкого спектру сучасних проблем експериментальної механіки деформівного твердого тіла, міцності матеріалів та елементів конструкцій. Статтю присвячено пам’яті директора Інституту, одного з найвідоміших представників напряму з дослідження коливань регулярних механічних систем з порушеною циклічною симетрією доктора технічних наук, професора, члена-кореспондента НАН України Анатолія Павловича Зіньковського.
Warning Labels and High-Powered Magnet Exposures
Authors: Middelberg Leah K. , Leonard Julie C. , Shi Junxin , Aranda Arturo , Brown Julie C. , Cochran Christina L. , Eastep Kasi , Haasz Maya , Hoffmann Jennifer A. , Koral Alexander , Lamoshi Abdulraouf , Levitte Steven , Lo Yu Hsiang J. , Montminy Taylor , Myer Sara , Novotny Nathan M. , Parrado Raphael H. , Ruan Wenly , Stewart Amanda M. , Talathi Saurabh , Tavarez Melissa M. , Townsend Peter , Zaytsev Julia , Rudolph Bryan
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

High-powered magnets are among the most dangerous childhood foreign bodies. Consumer advocates and physicians have called for these products to be effectively banned, but manufacturers assert warning labels would sufficiently mitigate risk.

METHODS

Subjects from Injuries, Morbidity, and Parental Attitudes Concerning Tiny High-powered Magnets (IMPACT of Magnets), a retrospective, multicenter study of children with high-powered magnet exposures (ie, ingestion or bodily insertion), were contacted. Consenting participants responded to a standardized questionnaire regarding the presence and utility of warning labels, magnet product manufacturer, and attitudes around risk.

RESULTS

Of 596 patients in the IMPACT study, 173 parents and 1 adult patient were reached and consented to participate. The median age was 7.5 years. Subjects reported not knowing if a warning label was present in 60 (53.6%) cases, whereas 25 (22.3%) stated warnings were absent. Warnings were present in 28 (24.1%) cases but only 13 (46.4%) reported reading them. A manufacturer was identified by families in 28 (16.1%) exposures; 25 of these were domestic and 27 had warnings. Subjects reported knowing magnets were dangerous in 58% of the cases, although 44.3% believed they were children’s toys and only 6.9% knew high-powered magnets were previously removed from the United States market.

CONCLUSIONS

Over 90% of subjects from the IMPACT study didn’t know if warning labels were present or failed to read them if they were, whereas almost half believed high-powered magnets were children’s toys. Warning labels on high-powered magnet products are, therefore, unlikely to prevent injuries in children.
Potenciales impactos de HPAM residual de un proceso de inyección de polímero en el comportamiento de los fluidos de producción
Authors: Ariza Quiroga Caterine , Quintero-Pérez Henderson Iván , Torres-Camacho Carlos Alberto , Villar- García Álvaro , Muñoz-Navarro Samuel Fernando
Published: October 2022

Las características fisicoquímicas de los fluidos de producción derivados de procesos de recobro químico (emulsiones crudo-agua), pueden alterarse debido a la presencia de polímero residual, lo que puede generar problemas operacionales en sistemas de levantamiento o facilidades de superficie. En esta investigación se analizaron los efectos potenciales de HPAM residual sobre los fluidos de producción, haciendo sensibilidad en variables como la concentración residual de polímero, el corte de agua y la cantidad de sólidos totales disueltos (TSD) en el agua de producción. Se observó que en presencia de poliacrilamida parcialmente hidrolizada (HPAM) mejora la velocidad de separación de los fluidos de producción, pero disminuye la calidad del agua separada al aumentar el contenido de crudo disperso y al formarse emulsiones múltiples más estables promovidas por el remanente de polímero en la fase acuosa
Aerodynamic shape optimization of a vertical-axis wind turbine with effect number of blades
Authors: Chabane Foued , Arif Ali , Aymene Barkat Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Our research consists of the experimental study of the vertical wind turbine of form H. The study represents the effect of the number of blades in the variation of the number of rotations of the vertical wind turbine, the speed ratio, torque, the power of the wind turbine, and the torque force. The Hshaped vertical axis wind turbine was carried out in the hall of the University of Biskra, where the research was manifested in the study of the dimensions imposed in the experiment from the length of the propeller and the extent of its curvature in the width of the propeller; we also recorded each of the numbers of rotations of vertical axis wind turbines. Evidently, It has been proven that the wind energy coefficient increases with the increase in the number of blades. It is further noted that a higher number of blades- equal to 20- gave a high wind speed of 15.2 m / s, the number of rotations equal to 239.2 rpm. The various parameters such as the power coefficient, the speed quotient, and the quotient of the area of the fluid passage section for each were established by a model with low errors and with a perfect approximation.
Rainfall profiles and sisal productivity for Bahia mesoregions, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Iug , Carvalho Ailton Alves de , Guimarães Miguel Julio Machado , Melo Juliana Maria Medrado de , Alfaro Marcela Daniela Mollericona , Leal Brauliro Gonçalves
Published: October 2022

Sisal is widely produced in the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil, and an important source of economic income for rainfed agriculture. Thus, the objective of the study was to analyze and classify the historical series of rainfall in relation to its profiles and the trends related to rainfall and sisal production in two mesoregions and four meteorological stations. Pluviometric characterization and water balance were carried out; data were organized to fit Gumbel's model and classified by the Quantis technique; then, the trend was determined through the non-parametric test of Mann-Kendall. Average rainfalls between 565.1 and 687.3 mm were obtained, very dry years with rainfalls between 370.3 and 445.7 mm and very rainy years, between 748.3 and 962.5 mm, with a trend of reduction of productivity in years classified as dry and very dry and vice versa.
Influence of zinc coating on nugget development and mechanical properties in dissimilar welded joints DP600 – AISI304 obtained by the RSW process
Authors: Espinel-Hernández Alejandro , Sánchez Orozco Mario , Sánchez-Roca Angel , Caputi Lorenzo S. , Oliveira-Villarinho Louriel , Carvajal-Fals Hipólito
Published: October 2022

This paper researches the influence of zinc coating of galvanized DP600 steel (DP600G) on the nugget development and mechanical properties of dissimilar DP600 - AISI304 welded joints obtained by resistance spot welding process (RSW). The RSW evaluations consisted of determining, from the dynamic resistance curves, the different stages involved in nugget formation. The experimental results showed that the zinc coating on the DP600G steel has a significant influence on the time needed for the start of the nugget formation, two times higher than that used for non-galvanized steel. The expulsion time was delayed by 1.12 times. The presence of Zn in the DP600G/AISI304 welded joints produced smaller nugget diameters compared to the DP600/AISI304 joints for the same experimental conditions, however higher peak failure load values were obtained for the first. The causes of this unusual behavior are also analyzed in this paper.
Ambient seismic noise in Cuba: analysis of broadband seismic stations in the Cuban Seismic Network
Authors: Poveda Brossard Viana , Diez Zaldivar Eduardo Rafael
Published: October 2022

This paper analyses seismic noise from broadband seismic stations within the Cuban National Seismic Service, focusing on location sites, soil or rock quality at installation sites and the impact of various factors on the noise signature of these seismic stations. A brief technical description of deployed equipment is provided and the methodology for data selection and analysis is presented.The study provides annual performance assessment for each station, considering  specific details for each particular case. Likewise, the effect of diurnal/nocturnal and seasonal variations on noise power spectral density (PSD) is analyzed. In addition, plotted graphs show the relationship between the occurrence of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and cold fronts through Cuban eastern and western regions, respectively, and the increase of noise level, specifically for marine microseisms period band. Finally, the influence of instrumental variations in noise level of seismic stations is characterized.
Determination of some quality characteristics of new primary cuts of the forequarter of Colombian bovine carcasses
Authors: Restrepo Molina Diego Alonso , López Vargas Jairo Humberto , Berdugo Jesús Alfredo , Cabrera Torres Kenneth Roy , Alzate Amariles Verónica
Published: October 2022

Meat quality must be considered from a nutritional, sanitary and sensory perspective. In order to characterize bovine meat (three, four and five-stars), from the Urabá region (Antioquia), the bromatological, textural and industrial quality of seven new primary cuts from the forequarter of zebu cattle and crosses with zebu males was evaluated. The cuts showed bromatological characteristics that are within the ranges of premium category. The cuts´ tenderness was higher in those classified as five-stars, followed by four and three-stars. The cuts of loin and shank are more suitable for consumption at table and the other cuts can be used in formulations of derived meat products. The WHC increased along with myofibrillar protein content, while the EC decreased in the cuts with an increase of fat content. We conclude that these cattle can provide front cuts with important quality characteristics.
Mitigation of chilling injury in sweet potato roots subjected to low-temperature conditioning
Authors: Veras Mario Leno Martins , Araújo Nicolas Oliveira de , Tello Jean Paulo de Jesus , Santos Mirelle Nayana de Sousa , Araújo Fernanda Ferreira de , Krause Marcelo Rodrigo , Finger Fernando Luiz
Published: October 2022

In many plant tissues, low-temperature conditioning (LTC) has been used to induce postharvest adaptive responses to overcome chilling injury (CI) consequences. This study aimed to investigate whether LTC is effective in reducing the incidence of chilling injury (CI) in sweet potato cultivars. Sweet potato roots BRS Cuia and BRS Rubissol were submitted to cold storage (6 °C or 13 °C) and LTC (10 °C for 7 d, followed by second storage at 6 °C). LTC increased the tolerance of sweet potato roots to CI via antioxidant system activation, mainly in cv. BRS Rubissol, which was markedly associated with higher content of both total soluble phenolics and proline, as well as increased activity of phenylalanine ammonium lyase. Moreover, no either external or internal injuries were observed in the LTC roots, maintaining the quality for processing, which indicates that the LTC is effective in mitigating chilling injury in Brazilian sweet potato cultiva
Management of safety rules and occupational risks: a systematic review from 2011 – 2021
Authors: Llaja-Poso Antoni Absalón , Rosales-Santos Maylli Margori , Quiroz-Flores Juan Carlos , Rondon-Jara Evelyn
Published: October 2022

For an organization to be able to successfully maintain its operating processes and ensure the welfare of its workers, it is necessary to maintain an integrated system against occupational risks. This research aims to learn about scientific studies on occupational risks and safety standards used in healthcare SMEs, from the analysis of research articles. The publications used were 40 sources extracted from EBSCO (50%), ProQuest (42.5%) and ScienceDirect (7.5%),which are related to the variables: management of safety standards and occupational risks. The methodology used was PRISMA. The review concludes with the importance of a system under the management of safety standards in healthcare services, which helps to meet the objectives of the organization and the legal requirements related to safety.
Optimization of urban land-cover classification workflow based on geographic-object analysis using very-high-resolution imagery
Authors: Mora Castañeda Deybi Libardo , León-Sánchez Camilo Alexander , Lizarazo Ivan
Published: October 2022

A recurring problem in Geographic-Object Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) is the need to tune each one of the three phases involved in the process, segmentation, feature selection, and classification. This paper presents the optimization of a GEOBIA-based urban land-cover classification workflow using very-high-resolution imagery. Two classification workflows are evaluated: (i) a non-optimized workflow; and (ii) an optimized workflow. In the segmentation and classification phases, both workflows used the multi-resolution segmentation algorithm and the random forest classification algorithm. In addition, important spectral, geomorphometric, and textural features are identified as significant predictor variables for the final classification. It is shown that the classification accuracy of every land-cover category increases with optimization, resulting in an overall accuracy increase of 9.34% compared with no optimization. The results show the substantial impact that optimization has on final classification output and suggest the importance of its adoption as a good practice in GEOBIA-based land-cover classification.
A general model for rectangular footings part I: optimal surface
Authors: García-Galván Marylú , Luévanos-Rojas Arnulfo , López-Chavarría Sandra , Medina-Elizondo Manuel , Rivera-Mendoza José Benito
Published: October 2022

This paper shows a general model of rectangular footings to obtain the soil minimum contact area (optimal surface) that support from 1 to n columns aligned on a longitudinal axis. The proposed model considers that the soil pressure varies linearly. The recently published models have been presented individually to obtain the soil contact area for rectangular isolated footings, rectangular combined footings that support two columns, these models present the equations, but it is not guaranteed to be the minimum area. The present research complies with the models mentioned above and can be applied to footings that support 3 or more columns, and also the minimum area is guaranteed. Also, numerical problems are shown the soil minimum contact surface for rectangular isolated footings, and rectangular combined footings that support two and three columns (unrestricted on its sides, one side restricted and two opposite sides restricted).
Risk analysis by Monte Carlo simulation in underground rock excavation projects
Authors: Alves Cantini Cardozo Fernando , Peixoto Cordova Diogo , Otávio Petter Carlos
Published: October 2022

Underground excavations are among the most complex engineering works in existence, as they have many variables involved, from the working environment to the methods and equipment adopted for excavation. Historically, preliminary excavation projects have been developed based on empirical methods and qualitative or semi-quantitative classifications of rock mass. Given insufficient information regarding rock mass properties, due to technical limitations related to soundings and their interpretations, there is—from conceptual studies and project executions—great variability in the decisions to be made. Wrong decisions regarding the excavation method, support type, and projections of advances can be highly costly to the enterprise, leading to unplanned or unnecessary expenses and/or risks to human lives. Thus, this study proposes the use of quantitative Risk Analysis by Monte Carlo Simulations to determine the most likely support class to be applied in an underground excavation project.
Monetary valuation of a technological patent under transfer alternatives. Manufacturer company case of products for the electrical and telecommunications sector in Medellín-Colombia
Authors: Ramírez-Atehortúa Fabián Hernando , Atehortúa-García Catalina , Montes-Gómez Luis Fernando
Published: October 2022

The valuation of a technology or invention patent is an exercise of good sense based on referents of competitive intelligence and experts. The purpose of this article is to establish the monetary value of the invention patent according to the technology situation and under possible commercialization scenarios. First, the conditions and potential of the patent are evaluated through expert analysis, the expectations of the owners of the invention patent and of potential clients or allies. Second, the patent is valued by discounted free cash flow (FCLD) and according to possible commercialization alternatives. The results show that there is an increase in the added value of 2.7 times for the company, in the alternative corresponding to the licensing of energy distributors in the national territory, compared to the alternative of only producing internally and making its own distribution.
Criatividade na escola e na extensão rural
Authors: Melo da Silva Cleber , Nardini da Silva Monica
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a noção de criatividade, com base na psicologia histórico-cultural de Vigotski, discutindo sugestões de trabalho criativo em dois espaços diferentes e importantes de aplicação criativa: a escola e a extensão rural. São apresentadas as noções de criatividade com base na psicologia de Vigotski. Descrevem-se algumas sugestões de trabalho criativo na escola. A extensão rural é discutida em sua necessidade de trabalho criativo. Conclui-se que a compreensão do conceito de criatividade (aqui discutida a luz da psicologia histórico-cultural) é fundamental para a implementação de trabalhos criativos em diferentes espaços de trabalho.
Aprendizagem ativa por meio da prototipagem rápida em um Curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Energia
Authors: Ferreira Cristiano Corrêa , Freitas-Gutierres Luiz Fernando
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho discute o uso da prototipagem rápida no Curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Energia da Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Bagé. As atividades basearam-se na estratégia de aprendizagem ativa e foram desenvolvidas por meio de projetos em um componente curricular optativo do Curso. O desafio principal foi apresentar e fazer uso da prototipagem rápida para incentivar nos discentes a busca pela resolução de problemas de Engenharia. Desenvolveu-se um planejamento para a elaboração de projetos, almejando explorar a criatividade, a dinamicidade e o protagonismo dos discentes. Eles foram estimulados a planejar, projetar, fabricar e a acompanhar o processo de impressão 3D até o estágio final de desenvolvimento do projeto. Dentre os resultados, verificou-se a viabilidade de implantação da aprendizagem ativa no componente curricular do curso. Além disso, constatou-se que o amplo envolvimento dos discentes despertou interesse sobre prototipagem rápida também em colegas que não cursaram a disciplina.
Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem ativa; prototipagem rápida; Engenharia.
Strävan efter legitimation: en finländsk socialarbetarorganisations professionaliseringsstrategier
Authors:   ,   Linnaeus University, Weckström Marcus
Published: October 2022

This thesis focuses on professional strategies carried out by the Finnish socialworkers union Talentia to strengthen social welfare professions in Finland. Specialfocus lies on the social worker’s occupation and quest for licensure. The period investigated spans from 1949 until 2019. Licensure granted by the state is considered a significant attribute for a successful professionalization process and desirable for occupational groups. Research shows that licensure can also be experienced as a reduction of professional autonomy and therefore be opposed collectively. In Finland, licensure for social welfare workers came into effect in 2016. Many members of occupational groups regulated by The Act on Social Welfare Professionals are also members of Talentia, whose position concerning professionalization and licensure has not been longitudinally investigated previously. The study methodology is based on a qualitative single-case study design. The data consists of archived documents of Talentia, organizational journals, governmental reports, laws, directives, and secondary sources of knowledge such as Talentia’s written history. Interviews were undertaken with four key persons that had been working in leading positions of the organization. The analytical approach is abductive, including theoretical concepts and perspectives from sociology of professions, organizational theory, and policy research. The development of collective strategies for professionalization can be roughly divided into the periods of Establishment (1949–1962), Consolidation (1963–1980), Professionalization(1981–1999) and Licensure (2000–2019). The main strategy identified is ideological optimism for professionalization, which led Talentia to strive for political influence, educational development, and expansion of occupational monopoly on the labor market as strategies for professionalization. Other supportive strategies concerning internationalization, work ethics, and information campaigns have also been identified, implemented by individual actors in the organization. Continuity and change in the strategies can be summarized as developing an optimism for professionalization that combined professional- and labor union interests. Talentia has retained its rather ambitious main strategy and adapted it and the other strategies flexibly to changes in society during the period investigated. The results indicate that ideology, political influence, and alliances with representatives of interest groups in higher education can be important for the quest for professionalization in different contexts.
Efectos del tacto terapéutico en el recién nacido prematuro con CPAP nasal: una prueba piloto
Authors:   Universidad Industrial de Santander, Valero Cárdenas Zayda Katherine , Santisteban Pérez Diego Fernando , Fernández Solano Dayana Katherine , Ojeda Olarte Anny Natalia , Carreño Porras Silvia Juliana , Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz , Sánchez Rodríguez Javier Mauricio
Published: October 2022

Introducción: El recién nacido prematuro presenta una inmadurez del sistema cardiorespiratorio, lo que dificulta su adaptación al medio extrauterino y conlleva a múltiples complicaciones las cuales se requieren intervenciones que mejoren la ventilación y el intercambio gaseoso tales como la oxigenación a través de dispositivos de apoyo terapéutico como la presión positiva continua de la vía aérea o CPAP. Objetivo: determinar el efecto del tacto terapéutico en la adaptación del recién nacido pretérmino con CPAP. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental, con una muestra de 13 RNPT a quienes se les aplicó el tacto terapéutico durante 15 minutos, con 2 sesiones diarias (6 am y 8pm), con evaluación antes y después del CRE: “Adaptación del prematuro”. A lo cual se le realizó el análisis descriptivo correspondiente. Resultados: El total de los participantes, fue asignado al grupo control y grupo intervenido de forma similar, evidenciando cambios antes y después de la intervención, pero en especial en el indicador postura de las manos, con una diferencia entre ambos grupos de p 0,74 con valor de 0.006. Conclusiones: La aplicación del tacto terapéutico al RNPT con CPAP nasal permite mejorar el confort del RNPT a través de indicadores fisiológicos y neurocomportamentales.
High Pressure Resistant Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Pipe Design
Authors: ARI Ali , BAYRAM Ali
Published: October 2022

In this study, a total of 6 different composites were obtained by adding 5%, 10% and 15% chopped aramid fiber reinforcement in 6 mm dimensions to each of the polypropylene and polyethylene matrix elements under the same production method and same conditions. The reinforcement and matrix materials were mixed using the extrusion method and then formed into plates by the press molding technique. Tensile and charpy tests of these composites were performed and their mechanical properties were examined. S/N ratios were calculated for the mechanical properties of the composites and the effect of matrix, fiber and additive ratios on mechanical properties was determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the Signal/Noise (S/N) ratios and ANOVA results, it was observed that the composites had different effects on the mechanical properties. Pipes are designed considering the mechanical properties of composite materials with 15% aramid fiber added to each matrix element. The composite pipe design to be pressure tested was designed in Solidworks program with a length of 500 mm according to ISO 1167 standards. Pipe dimensions with an outer diameter of 125mm, which are used as a standard in natural gas infrastructure works, are taken as reference.
EFFECT OF OXIDATION PRODUCTS AND OTHER PRECURSORS ON THE CONTENT OF 3-MCPD ESTERS AND GLYCIDOL ESTERS IN DEODORISED SUNFLOWER OIL
Authors: Demydova A. , Levchuk I. , Yevlash V. , Aksonova O. , Foshchan A.
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the effect of precursors on the formation of 3-MCPD esters (3-MCPD-E) and glycidol esters (GE) and discusses ways to reduce the concentration of these toxic esters in deodorised oils. As the content of oxidation products in sunflower oil increases, the amount of MCPD esters formed after deodorisation increases too: from 560 μg/kg (for oil with the peroxide value 1.06 mmol 1/2О/kg and the anisidine value 0.55) to 1290 μg/kg (for oil with PV=6.73 mmol 1/2O/kg and PAV=10.38). Thus, peroxides and aldehydes should be classified as the initiators of the formation of 3-MCPD-E. Accordingly, a way to reduce toxic 3-MCPD-E in deodorised oils is by preventing the formation of oxidation products during the extraction and processing of oils, or by reducing the content of oxidation products in oils before deodorisation. On the contrary, there is no correlation between the content of oxidation products and the amount of glycidol esters in deodorised oil. No relationship has been found between the content of natural antioxidants of oils, tocopherols, and the amount of 3-MCPD-E and GE. Increasing the pH of oils leads to a higher content of 3-MCPD-E resulting from deodorisation. As the number of acid groups increases, the amount of 3-MCPD-E increases too. Conversely, with bigger amounts of acid introduced into the oil, no additional quantities of glycidol esters are formed in the course of deodorisation.
THE EFFECT OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCIES ON THE QUALITY OF WHEAT GRAIN
Authors: Kovra Yu. , Stankevych G. , Borta А.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of how the electromagnetic field (EMF) of extremely low frequencies (ELF), magnetic induction of the EMF, and the duration of processing and storage affect the quality characteristics of wheat grain of the cultivar Shestopalivka harvested in the Odesa Region in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Treatment of grain with the EMF of the frequencies 20 and 30 Hz and with magnetic induction of 5 and 10 mT for 2–20 min reduces the germination capacity of wheat, as compared with the control, by 1–12%. As an exception, in several experiments, the germination capacity increased. The biggest increase (by 14%) was observed when the duration of treatment was 12 minutes, the frequency 30 Hz, and the magnetic induction 5 mT. Treatment of grain for 6 min with the EMF at the frequencies 10–28 Hz and with magnetic induction showed that at 10, 18–24 Hz, the germination capacity increased by 1–5%, but after 15 days, at the frequency 12–26 Hz, the germination power increased by 1–9%. A month later, with the frequency 18, 20, and 28 Hz, the germination power exceeded the control by only 2–7%, and after 10 months of storage, only the experiment with the frequency of treatment 24 Hz was at the control level. With all other frequencies, there was a significant decrease in grain germination. It has been established that treating grain 15 days prior to sowing at 14–22 Hz increases the germination capacity by 7–9%, and it reaches the values 92–94%. In the grain treated with the EMF at 10–30 Hz and stored for 14 months at the controlled air temperature 9–23°C and the relative humidity 33–82.5%, the protein content on a dry basis did not change compared with the control (16.5%). Storage of grain treated for 6 minutes with an EMF at 10–30 Hz, the magnetic induction being 10 mT, allows increasing the gluten content by 1.07–1.21 times, as compared with the control. The biggest increase in the amount of gluten is achieved at the frequency 16 Hz. Even under unfavourable conditions, at the temperature 23°C and relative air humidity 82.5%, the gluten quality goes up by 27.65 conditional units of the device VDK (1.49 times) and becomes as high as the gluten quality of grain that was preserved under far better conditions, at 9°C and the humidity 33 %. When grain is EMF-treated for 6 min at 10–30 Hz, with the magnetic induction being 10 mT, under different storage conditions, this most often affects the content of stearic and gondoic acids. The biggest changes in them were noted during storage at 9°C and the relative air humidity 82%: gondoic acid increased by 12.5–18.7%, and stearic acid decreased by 15.5–25.0%. Under any other conditions of EMF treatment and storage of wheat grain, changes in fatty acids are within the allowable error.
Inclusion of the Russian Regions in the National Project “Labor Productivity”. Part 1
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mitrofanova Inna , Yurchenko Karine ,   Volgograd State University
Published: October 2022

The article provides a detailed analysis of the National Project “Labor Productivity”, considered its main tasks and significant results. The indicators of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation used to monitor the achievement of indicators of national and federal projects, are presented. The actual indicators on the level of their achievement are analyzed based on the data of the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. The federal projects included in the structure of this national project are considered, the ongoing activities and the support measures provided, as well as the main activities carried out by the Federal Competence Center are reflected. Information on best practices was disclosed and individual enterprises of the Southern Federal District participating in the project were identified. In addition, the measures provided under the project to support employment are disclosed, including in connection with the risk of laying off employees due to increased productivity at enterprises, as well as to meet the needs of enterprises in new personnel and retrain workers in relevant areas. Measures aimed at modernizing employment services in order to introduce innovative solutions and improve the efficiency of their work were considered; a brief description of the project management tools used by public authorities in order to achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation is given; a number of indicators and results were assessed in the context of the regions of the Southern Federal District.