bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial management in the context of sustainable development in Polish and Czech manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Bednarz Joanna , Matasova Tereza
Published: November 2024

Research background: The manufacturing sector is one of the most significant business sectors. It contributes significantly to the improvement and sustainable growth of the business environment. Manufacturing enterprises in the small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) segment are primarily determined by the financial performance of business activities in the context of sustainable development. Purpose of the article: The article aims to evaluate the impact of financial management on the sustainability of manufacturing SMEs in the business environments of Poland and the Czech Republic. Methods: The questionnaire was collected in the calendar year 2023 in Poland and the Czech Republic. The respondents were defined as owners or a top managers. The research sample included responses from 251 manufacturing SMEs. The hypotheses of the quantitative research were evaluated using linear regression modeling. IBM SPSS Statistics software was used to assess the hypotheses. Findings & Value added: The results from the attitudes of Czech and Polish respondents indicate that the most significant factor is sufficient profit in the context of understanding the concept of sustainable growth for manufacturing SMEs in the business environment. A common characteristic of both countries is the attitude that if a manufacturing SME has no problem meeting its pay obligations, it is perceived as sustainable. Respondents from Polish manufacturing SMEs believe that sufficient profit has a positive impact on the perception of the social and environmental effects of business. The empirical findings are significant for policymakers in supporting business, in the context of a better understanding the concept of sustainable development in the manufacturing SME segment.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEBERADAAN PETERNAKAN BABI DI DESA TOMBI KECAMATAN AMPIBABO KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Rahayu Ritha , Maksum Haerani , Syukur Suharno H. , Raidhan Taufiq Eka , Rangi Jefri Kristianto
Published: November 2024

Raising pigs is one of the businesses managed by a portion of the population in Indonesia. This is because it can provide great benefits if managed properly, including the manure which can be used as fertilizer and a promising source of feed ingredients. This study aims to determine Community Perceptions of the Existence of Pig Farms in Tombi Village, Ampibabo District, Parigi Moutong Regency. This research took place in Hamlet I and Hamlet II, Tombi Village, Ampibabo District, Parigi Moutong Regency. It was carried out from September to November 2022. The type of research used was descriptive qualitative. The method used is survey method (observation and interview). The population in this study were all the people in hamlet I and hamlet II of Tombi Village, totaling 229 people. Determination of the number of samples using descriptive statistics based on the Slovin formula as many as 70 people and the method of taking respondents using accidental sampling. Data analysis used in this study is descriptive statistics using a Likert scale. The results of this study revealed that the public's perception of the existence of a pig farm in Tombi Village, Ampibabo District, Parigi Moutong Regency, as a whole was disturbed. snoring, continuous noise and loud noises with a weight of 43.3%, waste treatment with indicators piled up in the disposal pond and lack of cleanliness with a weight of 77.25% and socio-culture with indicators of community approval and adaptation to smells and sounds with an index value of 60.63% The data shows that respondents feel disturbed by the existence of pig farms close to residential areas, even though it is known that setting up pig farms must be far from residential areas, so as not to disturb the comfort of the people who live in Hamlets I and II of Tombi Village.
LegalOne Blue Ribbon 2024 (China): Highly recommended 15 law firm managers in North China
Authors: Li Richard
Published: November 2024

The Blue Ribbon award aims to recognise lawyers who have achieved outstanding success in the key, prominent and emerging areas of the local legal services market over the past year. The scope of this award focuses on the distinct characteristics of the legal services sectors across jurisdictions, and is dynamically adjusted and updated every year to reflect the latest trends in the local legal market. The evaluation and results for each category will be conducted and announced on a monthly basis based on submissions by legal experts. Our evaluation process is a thorough assessment, which incorporates a range of factors. Adhering to LegalOne's philosophy of "focusing on the practical skills and experience of professionals," the selection process for this award continues to emphasise the practical abilities demonstrated by the participating lawyers in real-case scenarios. Once again, we extend our sincerest congratulations to all the award-winning lawyers! At the same time, LegalOne welcomes more lawyers with outstanding practical skills to participate in the selection.
LegalOne Blue Ribbon 2024 (China): Highly recommended 15 female legal practitioners in North China
Authors: Li Richard
Published: November 2024

The Blue Ribbon award aims to recognise lawyers who have achieved outstanding success in the key, prominent and emerging areas of the local legal services market over the past year. The scope of this award focuses on the distinct characteristics of the legal services sectors across jurisdictions, and is dynamically adjusted and updated every year to reflect the latest trends in the local legal market. The evaluation and results for each category will be conducted and announced on a monthly basis based on submissions by legal experts. Our evaluation process is a thorough assessment, which incorporates a range of factors. Adhering to LegalOne's philosophy of "focusing on the practical skills and experience of professionals," the selection process for this award continues to emphasise the practical abilities demonstrated by the participating lawyers in real-case scenarios. Once again, we extend our sincerest congratulations to all the award-winning lawyers! At the same time, LegalOne welcomes more lawyers with outstanding practical skills to participate in the selection.
Critical thinking: An analytical study on the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage on students at Al Washliyah Darussalam University, Banda Aceh
Authors: Jasmadi Jasmadi , Saddam Saddam , Lasri Lasri
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a technology that can mimic human thinking and learning processes through algorithms and computer systems. AI brings significant changes to the education sector by providing various conveniences. On the other hand, the use of AI technology requires adjustments in the learning process at higher education institutions. This research aims to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage on the critical thinking skills of students at Al Washliyah Darussalam University (UNADA) Banda Aceh. This study employs a Mixed Methods approach, utilizing quantitative methods with a descriptive approach to analyze the frequency of AI usage, while qualitative methods are used to analyze changes in thinking patterns and students' analytical abilities in the learning process. Data collection was conducted through surveys. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, involving 287 students who use AI in their learning. The research findings indicate that the distribution of questionnaire data shows that the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) includes 31.3% (ChatGPT), 6.3% (Perplexity), 12.5% (Gemini), and 5% using other AI technologies. The impact of AI usage reveals that AI can enhance students' critical thinking skills, particularly in data analysis, problem-solving, and decision-making. However, negative impacts faced by students include dependency on technology and a lack of active engagement in classroom discussions. The results and findings of this study highlight the importance for university lecturers and policymakers to design effective learning strategies that utilize AI to develop critical thinking skills among students.
Implications Of Fostering Pancasila Ideology Through Paskibraka Extracurricular At SMK Negeri 1 Samarinda
Authors: Muhammad Prisdian Alfitrianur  , Jamil  , Suryaningsi
Published: November 2024

This research aims to explore the implications of fostering the Pancasila ideology through Paskibra extracurricular activities at SMK Negeri 1 Samarinda. Pancasila as the basis of the Indonesian state has an important role in shaping the character and personality of the younger generation, especially through education in schools. Paskibra extracurricular was chosen as the object of research because of its active role in instilling national values and compliance with Pancasila through flag ceremony activities and discipline exercises.
The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with Paskibra administrators, and analysis of documents related to Paskibra activities and the school curriculum. Data analysis was carried out with content analysis techniques to identify the main themes that emerged from the results of observations and interviews.
The results of the study show that the development of the Pancasila ideology through Paskibra extracurricular has a significant impact on building awareness and appreciation of Pancasila values among students. The program not only helps in strengthening students' nationalist identities, but also enriches their learning experience outside of the classroom environment. However, the challenges faced include a lack of sufficient time for Paskibra training and the expansion of the scope of ideological development outside of formal activities.
This research contributes to describing the importance of the role of extracurricular activities in supporting national values education in Indonesia, especially in the context of SMK Negeri 1 Samarinda. The implications of this study can be used as a basis for the development of more effective education policies in strengthening the Pancasila ideology in schools.
The Role of Technology in Fostering Autonomous Language Learning
Authors: Kul İlker
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, there has been a significant surge in interest surrounding learner autonomy. This trend is not surprising, considering the growing emphasis on student-centered pedagogy and the recognition of the importance of accommodating diverse student needs. An additional driving force, which has also played a facilitating role, is the emergence of new directions and advancements in technology. As technology continues to advance, its role in language education becomes increasingly vital. By embracing technology and capitalizing on its affordances, educators can create dynamic, learner-centered environments that foster autonomous language learning. This article serves as a guide for educators, shedding light on the ways in which technology can facilitate autonomy, personalization, and engagement, ultimately empowering learners to become active, proficient users of the English language.
The Effects of Listening a Text From a Native Speaker on Pronunciation
Authors: Özdemir Berrin Berat
Published: November 2024

This study mainly explored the effects of listening a text from a native speaker on pronunciation. This study also investigated the contributions of internet sources, specifically audiobooks, to the language learning process. The participants are 20 secondary school students. In this study, an audiobook and its sound recording were used. In order to collect data, the teacher previously determined 20 words which are mostly mispronounced by students. While the students were reading the text, the teacher noted which of them wrongly pronounced. Then, in two weeks time, they listened the text at different times. While the students were reading aloud the text one by one, this time the teacher checked the words they pronounced wrongly before. The findings suggested that after the students' exposition to a native speaker, their mispronunciation of the words were mostly corrected. Generally, the findings imply that listening a text from a native speaker has a positive effect on pronunciation.
AN INVESTIGATION OF TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ABOUT USING KAHOOT! TO TEACH VOCABULARY TO YOUNG LEARNERS
Authors: BAŞKUTLU MERVE
Published: November 2024

Educators, who are in a constant search to increase students' interest and motivation, use technology more in their lessons with the influence of advances in ICT. Language learning tools based on game mechanics hold promise for getting students more involved, making the classroom a better place, and improving overall learning experiences. This research investigates the facilitating effect, advantages and disadvantages of using Kahoot! in teaching vocabulary to young students. The research uses a quantitative method. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 10 English teachers working in various primary schools in Kars and analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Findings from the study show that Kahoot! facilitates learning words and also increases students' vocabulary, participation, motivation and self-confidence. Moreover, the study found that Kahoot is more effective than traditional vocabulary teaching methods, but it is insufficient in word studies that require using the word in context and productivity, and traditional methods should be used in a balanced manner in lessons. Despite all its advantages, Kahoot also has disadvantages such as connection problems, speed-oriented learning and technology limitations.
Pretreatment batubara (tipe sub-bituminus) menggunakan metode leaching asam basa dengan NaOH dan HCl serta karakterisasi sifat fisis dan kimianya
Authors: Arsyad Waode Sukmawati , Arohman Muhammad , Agusu La , Usman Ida , Aba La , Sudiana I Nyoman , Saleh Ismail , Rusman La Ode
Published: November 2024

Untuk meningkatkan kualitas rGO yang dihasilkan dari batu bara maka perlu dilakukan proses pre-treatment pada sampel batu bara. Batu bara yang digunakan adalah jenis sub-bituminus dari Kolaka Timur. Proses pre-treatment yang dilakukan adalah dengan proses leaching menggunakan basa (NaOH) dengan variasi konsentrasi (1, 2, 4, 8 dan 10) M, dan asam (HCl) dengan konsentrasi tetap, yaitu 5M. Sampel batu bara dan hasil leachingnya kemudian dikarakterisasi kandungan karbon, perubahan ikatan kimianya, struktur kristal dan resistansinya menggunakan energi dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), FTIR, XRD dan LCR meter. Dari hasil EDS diperoleh rasio C/O tertinggi sebesar 1,9 untuk proses leaching dengan konsentrasi 8M NaOH+5M HCl. Terjadi penurunan kadar oksigen pada batu bara setelah melalui proses leaching NaOH+HClyang menunjukan meningkatnya kualitas batu bara yang ditandai dengan menunurunnya luas daerah pada kurva 3448 cm-1 dar grafik hasil karakterisasi q FTIR. Hal ini didukung dengan hasil karakterisasi XRD yang menunjukan batu bara yang telah dileaching dengan menggunakan NaOH dan HCl berubah menjadi grafit pada posisi 2-theta 26,5° dan intensitas grafit tertinggi pada konsentras 8M NaOH+5M HCl.
Analisis numerik tampang lintang reaksi fusi sistem 12C + 12C dan 16O + 58,60,64Ni dengan menggunakan rumusan Glas-Mosel termodifikasi
Authors: Lestari Fani , Hasbiyah  , Hardiana Wa Ode Sitti , Ramdani Ridwan
Published: November 2024

Studi tentang tampang lintang reaksi fusi inti yang saling berinteraksi merupakan salah satu topik yang menarik dalam reaksi inti. Rumusan Glas-Mosel telah terbukti berhasil menjelaskan hasil eksperimen tampang lintang reaksi fusi inti. Dalam studi ini, tampang lintang reaksi fusi inti 12C + 12C telah dihitung pada energi  dan 16O + 58,60,64Ni pada energi  dengan menggunakan rumus Glas-Mosel yang dimodifikasi. Potensial inti atom yang berinteraksi didekati dengan  menggunakan potensial Coulomb dan Woods-Saxon. Persamaan diferensial diselesaikan dengan menggunakan metode beda hingga dan proses optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Nelder-Mead. Hasil yang diperoleh dari studi ini telah sesuai dengan hasil eksperimen dan penelitian lain. Hasil yang diperoleh ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa rumusan Glas-Mosel yang dimodifikasi dapat menjadi alat yang berguna dalam menjelaskan hasil eksperimen yang terkait dengan tampang lintang reaksi fusi inti ringan dan sedang.
Effective Strategy for Kazakhstan Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) According to Best Practice in UK
Authors: Gulmira Azretbergenova , Kumarbekuly Sanat , Kelgembayeva Bakytzhan , Kaldybay Kainar
Published: November 2024

This chapterexplores the process of strategy-making in higher education and the development of an effective strategy for universities. The author analyzes the strategies of 3 universities in Kazakhstan and a number of regulatory documents on strategy development. The strategies of leading universities in the UK such as the University of Oxford, and Falmouth University have been studied. The results of the study indicate the need to improve the strategy of universities in Kazakhstan and identifies external and internal factors impeding the implementation of strategies
Perceived Organizational Support and Work Engagement in Malaysian Banking Industry
Authors: Mahmood Nor Asiah , Saad Abidah , Ishak Suhaida
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on the predictive effect of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) to Work Engagement (WE) in the Malaysian Banking Industry, Peninsular Malaysia. The population in this study were all employees employed in Malaysian banking industry. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive studies using a simple descriptive approach and Structural Equation Modelling- Partial Least Squared (SMART PLS-3) analysis to test the study hypotheses. This study found that the hypotheses is supported which show the direct relationship between the perceived organizational support and work engagement.  Perceived organizational support is the belief of employees that if managers are concerned about their employees' commitment to the organisation, employees will be concerned about the organization's commitment to them. The implication of this study is that employers should ensure the employees knows that they are getting support in workplace from organization as this will affect their work engagement at workplace as this may affect their performance.
A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REWARD MANAGEMENT AS A MOTIVATIONAL TOOL IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN DUBAI
Authors:   , Banasthali Vidhyapith (Faculty of Management Studies), WISDOM, Rajasthan, India, Mary Rose
Published: November 2024

An effective employee reward system is vital for organizations. It provides a structured framework for recognizing employees based on their contributions, skills, and market value, aligning with the organization's reward philosophy. These rewards help communicate values and set performance expectations, encouraging behaviors that support organizational goals. When creating a reward system, consider: “What motivates employees?” “What behaviors do we want to encourage?” and “How can rewards support those behaviors?” Employees should be viewed as stakeholders in the reward system, having a say in the policies that affect them. The system must be fair, consistent, and transparent to help employees understand how rewards impact them. This research decisively explores reward management as a key motivational tool in Dubai's construction industry. It collects primary data from expatriates with zero to four years of experience. The objective is to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of both monetary and non-monetary rewards in enhancing employee motivation and to uncover insightful perceptions from the workforce. Based on thorough data analysis, present actionable recommendations for a robust rewards package designed to significantly enhance employee motivation
Advocacia Pública: uma agenda para o desenvolvimento institucional no século XXI
Authors: VANICE REGINA LÍRIO DO VALLE
Published: November 2024

Fixada a premissa da consolidação institucional da Advocacia Pública como função essencial à justiça, o texto propõe uma agenda reflexiva dos possíveis caminhos de desenvolvimento dessa mesma função para as próximas décadas. Iniciando pelo fortalecimento dos meios consensuais de composição de conflitos, agora fortalecidos pelo Novo CPC; o texto segue com a proposição da integração (interna e externa) dos órgãos e instituições de Advocacia Pública como o caminho natural de incremento de sua função de zeladoria da juridicidade em tempos crescente importância da ação institucional coletiva. Finalmente, o texto aponta a urgência na incorporação de uma aproximação profissionalizada na gestão do acervo de feitos judiciais, que deve ser visto como um capital de informações destinado a permitir a avaliação e aperfeiçoamento das políticas públicas.
Parecer PG/PADM/011/2021/AFC
Authors: ARÍCIA FERNANDES CORREIA  , CARLOS RAPOSO  , RODRIGO BRANDÃO VIVEIROS PESSANHA  , DANIEL BUCAR CERVASIO
Published: November 2024

DIREITO CONSTUITUCIONALEADMINISTRATIVO. LIBERDADES FUNDAMENTAIS E MATÉRIA DE PESSOAL. VACINA CONTRA A COVID-19. APLICAÇÃO DE PENALIDADE AOS EMPREGADOS EM CASO DE RECUSA INJUSTIFICADA, DECRETO RIO Nº49.286/2021 E PORTARIA "N" FP/SUBGGC Nº12/2021. PORTARIA IPLANRIO Nº284 DE 14 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2020. DIREITO À VIDA E À SAÚDE COLETIVA. EXCEÇÃO DE CONSCIÊNCIA DESPROVIDA DE PREVISÃO DE PRESTAÇÃO ALTERNATIVA. ARTIGO 5º, INCISO VIII, DA CONSTITUIÇÃO. VACINA COM ESTUDOS EM ANDAMENTO. ASSUNÇÃO DOS RISCOS POR EFEITOS ADVERSOS PELOS ENTES PÚBLICOS. LEI FEDERAL N. 14.125/2021. AVALIAÇÃO DE RISCO JÁ ASSUMIDO PELOS ENTES PÚBLICOS QUE SE PROPUSERAM À VACINAÇÃO DE SEUS CIDADÃOS: PRINCÍPIO DA PREVENÇÃO EM MATÉRIA SANITÁRIA PANDÊMICA. DECISÃO DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL NA AÇÃO DIRETA DE INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE n. 6586, QUE REPUTA A VACINAÇÃO OBRIGATÓRIA,AINDA QUE NÃO FORÇADA,PODENDO SER COBRADA DE FORMA INDIRETA PELO PODER PÚBLICO. EXERCÍCIO DE LIBERDADE DE UM QUE SÓ SE LEGITIMA SE NÃO PROVOCAR A RESTRIÇÃO DAS LIBERDADES DOS OUTROS, EM SITUAÇÃO MAIS VULNERÁVEL. DEVER DE SUBORNIÇÃO DO EMPREGADO PÚBLICO: RECUSA INJUSTIFICADAAO CUMPRIMENTO DE OBRIGAÇÃO IMPOSTA PELO EMPREGADOR. JUSTA CAUSA CONFIGURADA.I –RELATÓRIOTrata-se de consulta encaminhada pelo 1PLAN RIO,rogando análise e manifestação a respeito da possibilidade de aplicação de penalidades aos empregados da empresa pública que se recusem, de maneira injustificada, a receberem a vacina contra a COV1D-19; ou, dito de outra forma, que deixem de apresentar a Carteira de Vacinação anti-Covid-19, na forma de exigência legal e regulamentar, em razão do exercício preferencial à autonomia privada.
Identification of BlaTEM Gene Encode Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Beef
Authors: Maghfiroh Lailatul , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Tyasningsih Wiwiek , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari , Bernard Agumah Nnabuife
Published: November 2024

Background: The community needs fresh beef of good quality. Dirty sanitation causes Escherichia coli to easily contaminate fresh meat and E. coli is one of the bacteria that can produce ESBL enzymes that impact human health. This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli from fresh meat at the Surabaya Traditional Markets to identify the presence of the ESBL-encoding blaTEM gene.Methods: One hundred fifty fresh beef samples were collected from six traditional markets located in Surabaya city. Then, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was performed to detect the blaTEM gene which codes for ESBL in isolates that unveiled positive results for MDR (resistant to three antibiotics) and suspected beta-lactamase enzyme (resistant to ampicillin).Results: The research showed that from 150 samples of fresh beef at the Surabaya Traditional Market, 68 Escherichia coli isolates were found (45.3%). Escherichia coli isolates were shown to be susceptible to the antibiotic’s ampicillin (73.5%), gentamicin (95%), tetracycline (7.5%), aztreonam (100%), and ciprofloxacin (95%). The highest percentage of resistance of Escherichia coli isolates to the antibiotic ampicillin (19.1%). PCR analysis of ampicillin-resistant isolates showed that the blaTEM gene encoding ESBL was present in 7 (53.8%) of the 13 Escherichia coli isolates.Conclusion: The research results show that there is a risk of ESBL transmission to the community through Escherichia coli which was identified in fresh beef at the Surabaya Traditional Market. Therefore, it is hoped that public awareness can increase regarding food safety issues which can have an impact on public health.Keywords: Escherichia coli; blaTEM; ESBL; Fresh beef; Public health
Comparative Efficiency of Polyethylene Glycol, Ammonium Sulphate, Methanol Precipitation, and Ultrafiltration Techniques for the Down Streaming of Viral Antigen
Authors: Ayub Faisal , Shahzad Afifa , Shabbir Saad Bin , Kaleem Tayyaba , Rao Mahnoor , Aqeel Umair , Altaf Imran , Khursheed Zeshan , Rasheed Aemin , Shahzad Muhammad , Atique Hafiz Muhammad Moavia , Razak Abdul , Durrani Muhammad Arshad
Published: November 2024

Background: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is ubiquitous  worldwide but endemic in many countries of Africa, Asia, South America, and the Middle East. Many reasons contribute to the incidence of viral diseases even in vaccinated animals. These reasons include low antigenic payload, low PD50, improper formulation, unstable vaccine containing antigen, and genetically different from field strain. Among these, the most important one is the low antigenic load per dose of the vaccine. Vaccine failure is mainly due to the direct use of  virus suspension in the vaccine without the concentration of viral antigen. Another reason to concentrate the antigen is small volume storage in the vaccine bank. These issues are mostly concerned with developing countries like Pakistan which lack antigen concentration technology. The concentration of the virus is a major milestone to be achieved for the production of an effective vaccine as well as for the diagnostic tool.Methods: Different techniques including precipitation with polyethylene glycol, ammonium sulfate, methanol, and filtration through an ultra-filter membrane were used for the concentration of viral suspension. Antigen quantification in terms of µg/ml was determined through size exclusion chromatography by using Sephacryl S-300 as a stationary phase.Results: Percentage recovery of FMDV calculated through analysis of chromatograms found 77.80%, 59.75%, 32.50%, and 13.83% for polyethylene glycol, ammonium sulfate, ultra-filtration, and methanol treated samples respectively.Conclusion: Classical polyethylene glycol precipitation showed a maximum percentage recovery of foot and mouth disease virus as compared to other concentration methods.Keywords: Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV); Concentration Methods; Polyethylene Glycol (PEG); Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC); Sephacryl S-300
Altered placental expression of genes related to Vitamin D Metabolism and their correlation with spiral artery remodeling in Preeclamptic Women
Authors: Goswami Pushpa , Memon Samreen , Ujjan Ikram Din , Gul Fahmida
Published: November 2024

Background: Several studies reveals the correlation of preeclampsia (PE) with low vitamin D (VD) level due to disturbed trophoblast invasion and failure of spiral artery remodeling. The metabolism of VD is regularized by it signaling molecules expressed by the placenta during pregnancy. Therefore, this study was designed to assess and compare the levels of VD and it signaling molecules in placentae from normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies and their correlation with spiral artery remodeling.Methods: This study was carried out at Department of Anatomy at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro after ethical approval on placentae of 122 parturients; 61 from normal and 61 from preeclampsia, data was collected on predesigned proforma and was analyzed on SPSS 23.Results: The mean and standard deviation of maternal age, gestational age, and parity was 32.73±5.9 years, 37.3±3.6 weeks and 3±1 respectively. The wall thickness of SA and VD when compared in two groups found statically significant. Vitamin D signaling molecules were determined by immunostaining compared in two groups by applying Mann Whitney U test and Pearson’s correlation which reveals significant differences in preeclamptic versus controls.Conclusions: Despite extensive research indicating a link between low levels of VD and its signaling molecules in the context of inadequate spiral artery remodeling, there is still a need for further investigation to fully understand the mechanisms underlying this association in preeclampsia.Keywords: Preeclampsia; Remodeling; Spiral artery; Vitamin D; Vitamin D signaling molecules
Impact of varying sorbitol concentrations on hematological and biochemical blood parameters in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Al-Moussawi Zahraa H.K. , Almahdawi Mozhir K.K. , Al-Bayati Abdul Sattar S.S.
Published: November 2024

Background: Sorbitol is an artificial sweetener that is very similar to natural sugar, but it is sweeter than natural sugar and lower in calories. Sorbitol is used as an alternative to natural sugar, and it is extracted from regular glucose. It does not have any negative effects on the animals’ health, and it is  characterized in safe use in many scientific experiments for the diet of humans and animals.Methods: This study was conducted  in the animal house, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University for a period of 90 days. Forty rats of the Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly distributed into 4 groups, namely the first group (control group) while the second, third and fourth groups were treated with 100, 200 and 300 μg of sorbitol/kg of body weight .The rats were iso in live weight and age at the beginning of the experiment. Blood samples were drawn at the end of the experimental period.  Results: Increase in level dose of sorbitol resulted significant improvement in accounts of red blood cells, white blood cells, and a significant increase in level of hemoglobin, lymphocytes, and monocytes for second, third, and fourth groups compared to the control group. Moreover, the significant improvement in most of the blood parameters was reflected to significant increase in clotting and bleeding time in the second, third and fourth groups of rats compared to the control group. Also, the results showed a significant increase in the levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, Inhibin and MAD hormones for the second, third and fourth groups  compared to the control group.Conclusions: The results of the current study revealed that sorbitol has many benefits in the diet of humans and animals and has an effect on blood indicators, some sex hormones and antioxidants in the body. It is recommended not to consume excessive sorbitol in the diet.Keywords: Sorbitol; Hematological parameters; FSH; LH; Wistar rats
Beneficial impacts of natural antioxidants on molecular structure and parameters of human sperm
Authors: Kadhum Rafed Abbas , Sfaieh Aqads Mohammed , Salih Asmaa Musaed
Published: November 2024

Background: Sexual dysfunctions are often associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage, and reduced levels of sex hormones.Methods: In this study, a combination of polyfloral honey, royal jelly (RJ), Korean ginseng, and palm pollen were tested to reduce oxidative DNA damage in semen. The study involved 25 male patients aged 22-45 years who were participating in a fertility clinic in Wasit, South-East Iraq. Surgically resolvable problems were excluded, as well as subjects who smoked.Results:  Semen analysis and serum total oxidant status were used to assess the fertility potential in males, and pregnancy occurrence served as evidence of sperm ability for fertilization. Our findings indicate that consuming honey with Korean ginseng and palm pollen improved sperm count by reducing caspase-3 activity and protecting against oxidative DNA damage. In addition, forward progressive motility and morphology of the sperm were significantly improved by the treatment and also had a direct effect on mitochondrial enzymes.Conclusion: Therefore, the use of honey combined with specific herbals appears to be a promising treatment option for the improvement of sperm parameters to treat male infertility.Keywords: Antioxidants; Oxidative DNA damage; Honey; Royal jelly; Korean ginseng; Post-acrosomal lamina
Identification and control of toxin-producing fungus in wheat grain stores using environment friendly factors
Authors: Jubair Ali Faraj , Abdulhussein Zina Jawad , Al-Jabry Saad Manee , Alabid Musaab Abdulrasool
Published: November 2024

Background: The problem of mycotoxins in wheat crops can lead to health issues for humans and animals. It is very important to find safe and efficient methods to prevent the growth of toxin-producing fungi or reduce and remove them from food to prevent their risks to humans, animals, and agricultural crops. The paper focuses on finding environmentally friendly materials to protect wheat grains from toxin-secreting fungi, particularly Aspergillus niger,  reducing the production of aflatoxin B1.Methods: Eight fungal genera were isolated from wheat grain samples, and the most frequent fungus was A. niger. Plant extracts were used to reduce the growth of A. niger, and the culture media was used to test the ability of A. niger fungus isolates to produce aflatoxin toxins. The media was also used to sow wheat grains for the purpose of isolating the fungi associated with them, growing the fungi, and purifying it. The culture media was poured into sterile petri dishes with a diameter of 9 cm, with three replicates for each concentration, and the comparison treatment in which an untreated food media was used.  Results: The paper found that A. niger was the frequent fungus among the isolated fungal genera in wheat grain samples. The plant extracts, particularly citrullus extract, showed a clear effect in inhibiting the growth of A. niger and reduced the AFB1 toxin that it produces. The paper recommends continuous examination of stored wheat grains to determine the amount of fungal contamination and to ensure good storage conditions before receiving the grains in grain stores.Conclusion: The paper aimed to detect fungi associated with local and imported wheat grains stored in the stores of Al-Muthanna Governorate and the possibility of reducing them by using some plant extracts. Keywords: Citrullus; Phylex; Aspergillus niger; AFB1
The Relationship of CXCL12 with Sperm Agglutination and Anti-Sperm Antibody Among Infertile Men
Authors: Oleiwi Fahad Dhamin , J. Mohammed Mousa , Ali Chatin I.
Published: November 2024

Background: It is known that structural elements like the ‘blood-testis barrier’ (BTB) and local & systemic tolerance mechanisms help to maintain testicular homeostasis, which shields germ cells and mature sperms from immune attack. Any damage to this barrier could result in immune attack and may cause infertility.Methods: The most important goal of this study was to find the vital connection between male infertility and immunological factors (CXCL12 and anti-sperm antibody). During the months of October 2021 and July 2022, a total of 144 samples were taken from patients who sought to have infertility tested. Semen and blood samples were taken from the subjects to assess seminal plasma CXCL12 levels and the prevalence of anti-sperm antibody (ASA) in their serum. Alternatively, research on sperm function parameters, sperm agglutination risk, and its relationship to ASA and CXCL12.Result: statistically there was no ‘significant’ difference in CXCL12 levels across study groups in this investigation. The prevalence of sperm agglutination was 23.61% across all patients under study, the majority of whom had asthenozoospermia. In contrast, 60% of the samples from ASA-positive patients were agglutinated. The results revealed a relatively weak positive link that may call for additional research even if there was no significant statistical correlation in the relationship between CXCL12 and sperm functions and ASA.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that ASA affects seminal fluid parameters, which in turn affects male fertility, and that a weak, non-significant association between CXCL12 and sperm function could impair sperm function by reducing sperm motility. Sperm agglutination could be a sign of immunological infertility.  ASA can impact male fertility in a number of ways. Others had to do with sperm agglutination. Keywords: CXCL12; Anti-sperm antibody; ASA; Sperm agglutination; Sperm function
Effects of seed coating with (titanium dioxide and selenium) nanoparticles on fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) plant growth and antioxidant activity
Authors: Al-Shammeryi Wasan H. Mazeil
Published: November 2024

Background: The fenugreek plant is a kind of herbaceous plant that resembles a clover. It is extensively used as a spice and condiment, as well as a medicinal plant. Studying the effect of seed coating on fenugreek is an important step to learn about the effects it imprints on plant growth and its antioxidant activity when its seeds are coated by nanoparticles of titanium and selenium. Methods: To study the effects of seed coating with Nanoparticles of Titanium dioxide at concentrations of (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400) ppm and  selenium at concentrations of (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80) ppm on shoot length, number of leaves per plant, carbohydrate %, protein %, and antioxidant activity peroxidase %, single and two way interaction on fenugreek’s growth is taken into account. Treatments are designed as a properly randomized factorial experiment (5×5×3), with three replicates in a totally randomized design.Results: It was revealed that a single application of the previously mentioned ingredients had a significant impact on fenugreek growth and antioxidant activity, especially at high concentrations.Conclusions: Plant physiological properties were favorably influenced by seed coating with (Titanium dioxide and Selenium) nanoparticles. Based on the results of TiO2 NPs’ effect on seed germination and early seedling growth, it is possible that NPs aided in seed water absorption, increased seed ability to absorb and utilize efficiently, and activated and promoted hydrolytic enzymes in the seed antioxidant system.Keywords: Titanium dioxide; Selenium; Nanoparticles; Antioxidant activity; Fenugreek
Computational assessment of targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme for hypertension management: A structure-based virtual screening approach
Authors: Alkathiri Ahmad Salah
Published: November 2024

Background: Hypertension is a growing public health concern globally. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is an enzyme that cleaves the carboxy-terminal His-Leu dipeptide from angiotensin I, yielding the potent vasopressor octapeptide, angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors are a primary treatment option for hypertension, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. However, the use of synthetic ACE inhibitors has been linked to a number of side effects. Therefore, the development of novel and safe ACE inhibitors is a need of time.Methods: This study used a computational screening of a library of known compounds with anti-inflammatory activities against the active site of ACE using the PyRx-Python 0.8 tool to find more potent ACE inhibitors with less or no side effects. The physicochemical properties of the anti-inflammatory compounds were obtained from the Life Chemicals website.Result: The five hits, specifically F3398-2114, F0193-0245, F0163-0089, F0193-0237, and F0302-0060, exhibited notable interactions within the ACE binding pocket and demonstrated greater binding energy compared to the control compound, Lisinopril. All of these compounds displayed favorable physicochemical characteristics and aligned to Lipinski's rule.Conclusion: The compounds F3398-2114, F0193-0245, F0163-0089, F0193-0237, and F0302-0060 have the potential to be used as ACE inhibitors; however, further experimental validation is required to optimize them as ACE inhibitors.Keywords: Hypertension; Angiotensin-converting enzyme; Heart failure; Lipinski's rule
Association of Celiac Disease and H. pylori Infection with ATG5 Polymorphism and Interleukin-33
Authors: Atrooz Omar , Mumtaz Sura , Abood Ahmed , Atrooz Ansam
Published: November 2024

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory small intestine autoimmune disease.  The study aims to investigate the association and the detection of ATG5 polymorphism between celiac disease (CD) and  H. pylori infection, and the association with Interleukin-33 (IL-33).Methods: The study groups included patients from Iraq, ages 4 to 35. Two primary patient groups were created: sixteen had positive H. pylori and celiac disease, and thirty had positive CD and negative H. pylori disease. The levels of tissue transglutaminase IgA (TTG IgA), H. pylori IgG, and IL-33 were measured using the ELISA method. The primers were amplified using PCR.Results: With celiac disease, the patient group's TTG IgA levels increased dramatically. The test also showed significant variations (P=0.054) in the H. pylori IgG levels between the patient and control groups. The H. pylori seropositivity test showed a statistically significant difference (p ≤0.033) between seropositive and seronegative individuals, while the patient group's IL-33 levels did not significantly differ (P ≤0.299) from the control group.Conclusions: Our results showed that CD is more common in women and occurs in the age range of 24-35 years. It also showed that the mutant variant of ATG5 is associated with CD, and the significance of H. pylori IgG serum levels in the patient group may indicate that the bacteria involved in CD. Furthermore, H. pylori infection is more strongly linked to serum IL-33 levels than CD.Keywords: Celiac disease; H. pylori; PCR; IL-33; ATG5 polymorphism
A Virtual Insight into Bioactive Compounds of Ginger as Potential Inhibitors of NEK7 for Cancer Management
Authors: Aloqbi Akram Ahmed
Published: November 2024

Background: NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) is a serine/threonine kinase that is required for cell cycle progression, particularly mitotic spindle formation and cytokinesis, and has been linked to various cancers. Furthermore, NEK7 modulates the NLRP3 inflammasome, which activates Caspase-1 and causes cell pyroptosis. A growing body of studies indicates that ginger has the ability to prevent and treat a variety of health issues.Methods: In this study, 383 distinct bioactive compounds were extracted from the LOTUS database from Zingiber officinale and were screened against NEK7 protein using the PyRx 0.8 software. The top six hits' physicochemical characteristics, molecular descriptors, and natural product-likeness ratings were assessed using the LOTUS database.Results: The compounds LTS0101379, LTS0022317, TS0094590, LTS0231343, LTS0085481, and LTS0110340 showed high affinity for NEK7, forming interactions with critical amino acid residues. Notably, these compounds had multiple interactions with amino acid residues similar to those of the control compound Dabrafenib. Furthermore, the molecular properties and descriptors of these compounds indicated favorable drug-like properties.Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential of these compounds as NEK7 inhibitors for cancer management, though additional experimental validation is required.Keywords: NEK7; Cancer; Zingiber officinale; Virtual screening; Drug-likeness
In Vitro Synergistic Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam against New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Clinical Enterobacterales Isolates
Authors: AlAnazi Naif Fahd , Marie Mohammad , Somily Ali Mohammad , Binkhamis Khalifa , Arshad Muhammad , Alfuraydi Akram A. , Absar Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Background: Carbapenemase-producing-Enterobacterales (CPE) infections are on the rise and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, due to a limited number of therapeutic options. The goal of this study was to assess the synergistic activity of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) and aztreonam (ATM) combination against phenotypically and genetically characterized blaMBL-producing Enterobacterales.Methods: In this study, forty (n=40) non-repeat, CPE clinical isolates, including: n=35 Klebsiella pneumoniae, n=2 each of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca, and n=1 Enterobacter cloacae isolates were identified and susceptibilities were assessed using the Vitek-II compact (bioMérieux, Inc., France) and Microscan Walkaway (Beckman Coulter) systems. Genotypic analysis of clinically relevant carbapenemases was performed by using Xpert-Carba-R assay on GeneXpert (Cepheid, USA). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and synergy testing of CZA and ATM, were tested by the Etest fixed ratio method (bioMérieux, Inc., France). The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was calculated for each antibiotic.Results: Our results showed that 97.5% of blaMBL-producing Enterobacterales isolates were susceptible to an in-vitro CZA + ATM combination regimen. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) ranged from 0.001 to 1.001. Among the tested CPE isolates, Synergy was observed in 36/40 (90%), an additive effect was observed in 5% (n=2)’ while two (5%) isolates showed indifference. There was no antagonism observed in our study.Conclusion: Our study exhibited a potent activity of CZA and ATM combination synergy against clinical CPE metallo- β-lactamase producers. More extensive studies involving a variety of Gram-negative pathogens with different resistance mechanisms are required to determine the efficacy of this combination regimen.Keywords: Synergy; Aztreonam; Ceftazidime-Avibactam; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales; Etest
Role of heavy metals pollution on emergence of antibiotic co-resistance in E. coli isolates
Authors: Kadhim Aseel AbdulRazaq , Mohammed Melad Khalaf , Jabbar Ahmed Darweesh
Published: November 2024

Background: Heavy metal pollution in water is one of the most serious environmental problems. These findings have prompted the idea that metal-exposed bacteria may have altered resistance to antibiotics. This study was performed to investigate the presence of heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) in Escherichia coli.Methods: HMRGs and antibiotic resistance of 100 E. coli from sewage and fresh water were detected by PCR. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of heavy metals were determined by the broth micro dilution method. Antibiotic discs used to detect multidrug resistance, was recovered and assembled using third-generation sequencing.Results: The frequency of different HMRGs in E. coli ranged from 1–67%., while prevalence of ESBL genes ranged 5-17% in freshwater isolates, and 54- 96% in swage isolates. MICs of heavy metals for E. coli ranged widely from ≤8.0-800 mg/L. Moreover, HMRGs (PbRT, cadD arsB, PcoA, czrc, and chrA) were found to be significantly associated with one or more ARGs ( tetA,  blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX) (P < 0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, HMRGs were widely present in E. coli isolated Dujla river and sewage water were significantly associated with DRGs . It is remarkable that the coexistence of HMRGs, DRGs and ARGs confer co-resistance to heavy metals, and antibiotics.Keywords: Heavy metals; Antibiotic resistance