bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of expression of microRNAs in serum of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: A potential marker for prognosis prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy screening
Authors: Zhang Zhimin , Wang Ge , Jin Feng , Zheng Jijun , Xiao He , Lei Lin , Luo Jia , Chen Chuan
Published: September 2019

Background Serum miRNA signature has recently been found as potential disease fingerprints to predict survival. Therefore we investigated the role of serum miRNA in predicting prognosis in patients with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods This study included two phases: (i) We enrolled 3 NPC patients with recurrence or distant metastasis (experimental group, EG) and 3 NPC patients in clinical remission (control group, CG), who were treated with CCRT within 5 years. The paired serum was collected before and after treatment and biomarkers were discovered by TaqMan Human MiRNA Arrays. (ii) we used the bioinformatic analysis, marker selection and an independent validation by qRT-PCR to analyse the serums of 29 NPC patients with recurrent disease or distant metastasis and 19 NPC patients treated with CCRT. We used the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression model to estimate the accuracy of the miRNAs to predict PFS and OS, and identified factors significantly associated with prognosis, respectively. Results Using fold change≥2.0 or ≤0.5 and p≤0.05 as a cutoff level, we identified 1 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated miRNAs, 1 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated miRNAs in EG versus CG before and after CCRT, respectively. After significantly down-regulated miRNA from EG versus CG before and after CCRT were removed, only 9 different miRNAs were significantly reduced. In an independent set of serum samples, the expression of miR-26b, miR-29a and miR-125b showed no significant difference in 48 NPC patients before CCRT. The expression of miR-143 and miR-29b showed no significantly difference between the two groups after CCRT. We calculated a risk score from the expression of miR-26b、miR-29a、miR-125b、miR-29b、miR-143 and then classified patients as with high or low risk. Compared to patients with low-risk score, high-risk patients had shorter PFS and OS. Cox regression model suggested that combining serum miR-29a and miR-125b before CCRT with miR-26b after CCRT was independent prognostic factors for PFS, whereas combining the former two is independent for OS. Conclusions Combined expression of serum miR-29a, miR-125b and miR-26b might provide prognostic value in loco-regionally advanced NPC patients treated with CCRT, especially for high-risk progression patients.
Effect of luseogliflozin on bone microarchitecture in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial using second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT)
Authors: Haraguchi Ai , Shigeno Riyoko , Horie Ichiro , Morimoto Shimpei , Ito Ayako , Chiba Ko , Kawazoe Yurika , Tashiro Shigeki , Miyamoto Junya , Sato Shuntaro , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Osaki Makoto , Kawakami Atsushi , Abiru Norio
Published: September 2019

Background Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of bone fracture independent of their bone mineral density (BMD), which is explained mainly by the deteriorated bone quality in T2DM compared to non-diabetic adults. Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors have been studied in several trials in T2DM, and the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study showed an increased fracture risk related to treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin, although no evidence of increased fracture risk with treatment with other SGLT2 inhibitors has been reported. The mechanism of the difference in the fracture risk between the SGLT2 inhibitors is unknown, but the differences among the SGLT2 inhibitors in the selectivity of SGLT2 against SGLT1 may affect bone metabolism, since among the SGLT2 inhibitors the selectivity of canagliflozin is lowest. We will investigate whether the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin, which has higher SGLT2 selectivity, affects bone metabolism by using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) which provides direct in vivo morphometric information about the bone microarchitecture.Methods This is a single-center, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, parallel pilot trial. Eligible participants are elderly (age ≥60 years) individuals with T2DM with HbA1c levels at 7.0%–8.9%. A total of 24 participants will be allocated to either the luseogliflozin group (taking luseogliflozin) or control group (taking metformin) in a 1:1 ratio to compare the groups' changes in bone microarchitecture of radius and tibia which are analyzed by HR-pQCT before and 48 weeks after the administration of each medication. The laboratory data associated with glycemic control and bone metabolism will be collected every 12 weeks during the study. Recruitment began in June 2019.Discussion The reason we use metformin as an active control is to avoid yielding differences in glycemic control between the luseogliflozin and control groups. Besides, metformin is considered to have neutral effect on bone. This trial will reveal the effect of luseogliflozin on bone metabolism in elderly patients with T2DM.
Parental relationship and child development: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial for strengthening couples and children from pregnancy until four years after birth
Authors: Bodenmann Guy , Stadelmann Céline , Zimmermann Peter , Iwanski Alexandra , Senn Mirjam , Milek Anne , Rauch-Anderegg Valentina , Meier Fabienne
Published: September 2019

Background The transition to parenthood is a critical phase for couples and often relationship relational well-being (i.e., relationship satisfaction) deteriorates. As parents’ relationship well-being is a significant predictor of children’s well-being, this decrease is also critical for children. Thus, strengthening couples during the transition to parenthood seems particularly important. Different intervention programmes targeting the transition to parenthood reported positive effects on relationship satisfaction, communication and child adjustment. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial for two couple-focused interventions, targeting the enhancement of partners’ relational skills (communication, dyadic coping, problem-solving, self-regulation in relationships) with the aim to improve relational well-being, partners’ well-being, coparenting and, consequently, foster healthy child development.Methods/design We randomly assigned mixed-sex couples to a high or low dose intervention or a waiting list control condition. The high dose intervention consists of a training of relational skills, whereas in the low dose condition participants receive a psychoeducational movie. Outcomes are assessed over 11 time points from the third trimester of pregnancy until four years after birth assessing self-report and home observations of couple- and parent-child interactions. Primary outcomes include relational skills, individual and relational well-being and coparenting; a secondary outcome is healthy child development. Statistical analyses include multilevel modelling, structural equation modelling as well as standard statistics.Discussion The aim of this study is to support families with couple-focused interventions and thus improve relational skills, relationship well-being, coparenting, individual well-being, and healthy child development. If the intervention reveals to be effective, we will target a broader dissemination.
Evaluation of factors that affect the spatial distribution of alien shrubs to monitor their invasion in a Pampa protected landscape in Tandil, Argentina
Authors: Márquez María Isabel , Kristensen María Julia , Lavornia Juan Manuel , Linares Santiago
Published: September 2019

Invasive alien plants which replace native species represent a global threat that compromises biodiversity conservation by simplifying and homogenizing the landscape. The present study focuses on the problem of invasions in a mountainous area of the pampas (Tandil, Argentina) where several alien shrubs behave as invaders displacing a high diversity of native grassland. The aim of the study was to analyze, by means of geographical information system, the distribution of the most conspicuous alien shrub populations in relation to natural and anthropogenic factors in a protected area of landscape of the pampa region, in order to contribute to decision making and management based on knowledge. The selected working areas were those with spontaneous vegetation, conducting unsupervised classification of SPOT satellite images. A number of points in invaded areas were georeferenced in field to control the classification made by geographical information system. To measure the influence of the factors analyzed in the dispersal processes of the species spatial logistic regression techniques were used. Results showed that 20.40% of the study area was occupied by alien species of which 11.06% were tree plantations made by man and 9.34% corresponded to three alien shrub species distributed invading different landscape sections: Genista monspesullana occupied 307.85 ha, Rubus ulmifolius 237.82 ha and Spartium junceum 126.55 ha. In order to explain R. ulmifolius propagation all the analysed variables except quarries and pits were significant, but streets, roads and trails and stone fences had a stronger incidence. For S. junceum the significant explanatory variables were quarries and pits, altitude and slope. For G. monspesullana the explanatory variable was streets, roads and trails.
Levantamento dos impactos socioambientais na área do lixão a céu aberto no Município de Corrente, Estado do Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Gomes Patrine Nunes , Silva Marcília Martins da , Pereira Luana de Castro , Lopes Luzirany Soares , Carvalho Cecília de Souza , Souza Raiane Oliveira de , Maciel Estefani Barros
Published: September 2019

Com o decorrer dos anos e o surgimento das indústrias vários problemas foram afetando o mundo, um deles é grande geração de resíduos sólidos e posteriormente a forma como eles são dispostos no meio ambiente. Atualmente, sabe-se que os resíduos quando não recebem uma disposição correta pode ocasionar diversos prejuízos à natureza. Tal geração ocorre devido ao intenso processo de urbanização das cidades e da necessidade das pessoas de consumirem cada vez mais produtos, aumentando assim consequente à quantidade de resíduos. Diante disto, este estudo teve como objetivo verificar os impactos ambientais da área de disposição final de resíduos sólidos do Município de Corrente, Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil. Para realização da pesquisa foi feita visita na área de disposição final dos resíduos do município, onde os impactos foram diagnosticados por meio de avistamento direto, utilizando-se como método de avaliação a Matriz de Impacto de Leopold. Observou-se com a pesquisa que o lixão exerce uma ação negativa, visto que a maioria dos impactos apresenta alto grau na área de disposição final dos resíduos, dentre eles destacam-se o aumento dos processos erosivos, compactação do solo, possível depreciação do lençol freático, emissão de gases do efeito estufa, possível contaminação e redução da biota do solo, redução da capacidade de sustentação da flora, riscos de contaminação dos catadores e presença de vetores de doenças. Com base nisto, conclui-se que é de extrema importância que seja implantado no município um sistema disposição final adequado que possa comportar todos os rejeitos e ainda a implementação da coleta seletiva, a fim de aproveitar os resíduos sólidos recicláveis. Tal ação irá diminuir os impactos ambientais da área e incentivaria a população a separar e dispor melhor os seus resíduos.
Identidade e êxodo rural: uma reflexão social por meio do ensino de História
Authors: Carmona Raquel de Lourdes de Miranda e Silva , Luna Emmanuel Paulino , Cavalcanti Carlos André Macêdo , Miranda e Silva João Carlos de , Lacerda Cícero Sousa , Sousa Hercílio de Medeiros , Lima Érika Marques de Almeida , Rocha Josemary M. Freire Rodrigues de C. , Lima Patrícia Tavares de , Carvalho Luciano Honório de , Miranda Natália Marques de Almeida Lima
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo a reflexão sobre o êxodo de jovens assentados no século XXI, tendo como eixo principal os arranjos políticos e ideológicos expressos nos livros didáticos e currículos escolares, que influenciam diretamente a prática docente e, consequentemente, o corpo discente, permeando uma experiência de estigma social visualizados nos jovens de famílias agricultoras em contato com o campo/cidade. As primeiras décadas do século XXI é o recorte temporal para uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico acerca desse processo, que vai buscar nos saberes históricos a importância do ensino de História na formação das identidades sociais. No mais, foi estabelecido o entendimento do contexto que vai para além do discurso da seca, acreditando que os saberes escolares modificam de maneira fundamental "as mentalidades" das minorias marginalizadas, dando a elas, subsídios para o enfrentamento do sistema opressor em meio às relações sociais.
Evaluation of different nutritional and soil sources on the early growth of Moringa oleifera (Lam.)
Authors: Ojo M. O.
Published: September 2019

In any plantation establishment programme their must be adequate number of healthy seedlings and these depend on the nutrition and care given to them at the nursery stage. Pot experiment was conducted to assess the response of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) seedlings to different soil and nutritional sources at nursery stage. One hundred seeds were obtained from Centre for Environmental Renewable Resources Research and Development (CENRAD), Ibadan, Nigeria, and sown in germination trays. Seed germination was completed between 10-15 days, 36 uniformly growing seedlings were transplanted into polythene pots of size 29 cm x 25 cm and were filled with different soil sources at 500 g (arable) soil, forest reserve soil and natural forest mixed with nutritional sources of the same ratio (10 g) i.e. poultry manure, cow dung and NPK (15:15:15). The experiment was factorial arranged in a completely randomized design. Result showed that pots with natural forest soil mixed with 10 m NPK (s3f3) produced seedlings with highest value. In plant height (76.30 cm), stem diameter (3.47 mm) and number of branches (10) which was significantly different (p > 0.01) from the other treatments. The least value in plant height (30.70 cm) stem diameter (1.50 mm) and number of branches (3.3) were recorded in pots with forest reserve soil mixed with cow dung (s2f2). Interaction effect of soil and nutritional sources were significant for all the growth parameters assessed (p > 0.01). Natural forest soils treated with NPK (15:15:15) should be employed in raising Moringa oleifera seedlings at nursery stage for optimum performance.
Multifractal analysis of volatility for detection of herding and bubble: evidence from CNX Nifty HFT
Authors: Ghosh Bikramaditya , Kozarević Emira
Published: September 2019

This study delves into the herding and bubble detection in the volatility domain of a capital market underlying. Furthermore, it focuses on creating heuristics, so that common investors find it relatively easy to understand the state of the market volatility. Hence, it can be termed that this study is focused on the specific financial innovation regarding bubble and herding detection coupled with investor awareness. The traces of possible volatility bubble emerge when it is positioned against its own lags (both lag1 and lag2). The volatility trigger indicated clear traces of herding and an embedded parabola function. Continuous and repetitive parabola function hinted at a subtle presence of “fractals”. Firstly, the detrended fluctuation analysis has been used with its multifractal variant. Secondly, the regularized form of Hurst calculation and analysis have been used. Both tests reveal the traces of nascent bubble formation owing to prominent herding in CNX Nifty HFT environment. They also indicate a clear link with Hausdorff topological patterns. These patterns would help to create heuristics, enabling investors to be aware of possible bubble and herd situations.
Prenatal observation of fragmented duplication of umbilical vein:
isolated and associated with single umbilical artery
Authors: I.I. Ryabov , K.F. Yusupov , E.À. Pryashnikova
Published: September 2019

Two cases of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fragmented duplication of umbilical vein are presented.
In the first case the fragmented duplication of umbilical vein in the central part of umbilical cord coupled with a single umbilical artery. Thus, if the examination of a number of vessels is carried out on the circumscribed part of umbilical cord only,
for example at fragmented duplication of umbilical vein, the single umbilical artery may not be diagnosed.
Lejeune / “cat's cry” syndrome: prenatal ultrasound findings
Authors: N.P. Marchenko, E.A. Shevchenko
Published: September 2019

The article describes a case of the prenatal diagnosis of Lejeune syndrome in 19 weeks 6 days of gestation. The following sonographic findings were identified: broad bridge, snub nose, hypoplasia of nasal
bones and mandible, hypoplasia of the cavity of pellucid septum, ventriculomegaly. The patient was given
46,XX,del(5)(P12)[18] prenatal karyotyping. The family was consulted by the Regional Prenatal Board.
The pregnancy was terminated by the family decision. The phenotype characteristics and congenital malformations discovered with the prenatal diagnosis were being then confirmed in the postmortem examination.
Robert Dick’in “The Other Flute” Metodundaki Mikrotonal İcra Tekniklerinin Türk Müziği Perde Sistemine Uyarlanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma (Hüseyni Makamı Örneği)
Authors: Dönmez Kırlangıç Çiğdem , Dündar Mehlika
Published: September 2019

Sabit perdeli ve batı klasik müziğindeki
tampere ses sistemine göre tasarlanmış olan çalgılar ile koma (mikrotonal)
perdelerin seslendirilememesi nedeniyle çoğu Türk müziği eseri doğru bir
entonasyonda çalınamamaktadır. Bu araştırmada; batı müziği çalgılarından biri
olan flüt için bahsi geçen perde sorununun çözümüne katkı sağlanması
amaçlanmıştır. Türk müziği ses sistemindeki mikrotonal perdelerin flüt ile
nasıl seslendirilebileceğinin belirlenmesi için flütist ve eğitimci Robert
Dick’in geliştirmiş olduğu mikrotonal icra tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır.
Türk müziği ses sisteminde kuram ve uygulamada farklılıklar olmasından dolayı,
flütte uygun olan mikrotonal tekniğin belirlenmesi için daha önceden çeşitli
icralar üzerinde yapılmış olan perde analizi araştırmalarının sonuçlarından
yararlanılmıştır.
Character education through diksha suputra on ambar asram
Authors: Yasa I Gede Putu , Yadnyawati Ida Ayu Gde , Utama I Wayan Budi
Published: September 2019

The current study was intended at determining the reasons for character education through diksha suputra. It was implanted on ambar ashram. It was to describe the process of character education. The last one was to elaborate on the implications of character education through diksha suputra for students, family, and community. The present research was field research. The qualitative research was applied on analyzing the data. Data collection was conducted based on observation, in-depth interviewed, and document study. Data analysis was performed with interpretative descriptive techniques. The theory was used namely structural-functional theory, social learning theory, and essentialism theory.
Tailoring Persuasive Electronic Health Strategies for Older Adults on the Basis of Personal Motivation: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: van Velsen Lex , Broekhuis Marijke , Jansen-Kosterink Stephanie , op den Akker Harm
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Persuasive design, in which the aim is to change attitudes and behaviors by means of technology, is an important aspect of electronic health (eHealth) design. However, selecting the right persuasive feature for an individual is a delicate task and is likely to depend on individual characteristics. Personalization of the persuasive strategy in an eHealth intervention therefore seems to be a promising approach.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a method that allows us to model motivation in older adults with respect to leading a healthy life and a strategy for personalizing the persuasive strategy of an eHealth intervention, based on this user model.

METHODS

We deployed a Web-based survey among older adults (aged >60 years) in the Netherlands. In the first part, we administered an adapted version of the revised Sports Motivation Scale (SMS-II) as input for the user models. Then, we provided each participant with a selection of 5 randomly chosen mock-ups (out of a total of 11), each depicting a different persuasive strategy. After showing each strategy, we asked participants how much they appreciated it. The survey was concluded by addressing demographics.

RESULTS

A total of 212 older adults completed the Web-based survey, with a mean age of 68.35 years (SD 5.27 years). Of 212 adults, 45.3% were males (96/212) and 54.7% were female (116/212). Factor analysis did not allow us to replicate the 5-factor structure for motivation, as targeted by the SMS-II. Instead, a 3-factor structure emerged with a total explained variance of 62.79%. These 3 factors are intrinsic motivation, acting because of deriving satisfaction from the behavior itself (5 items; Cronbach alpha=.90); external regulation, acting because of externally controlled rewards or punishments (4 items; Cronbach alpha=.83); and a-motivation, a situation where there is a lack of intention to act (2 items; r=0.50; P<.001). Persuasive strategies were appreciated differently, depending on the type of personal motivation. In some cases, demographics played a role.

CONCLUSIONS

The personal type of motivation of older adults (intrinsic, externally regulated, and/or a-motivation), combined with their educational level or living situation, affects an individual’s like or dislike for a persuasive eHealth feature. We provide a practical approach for profiling older adults as well as an overview of which persuasive features should or should not be provided to each profile. Future research should take into account the coexistence of multiple types of motivation within 1 individual and the presence of a-motivation.
The Effects of Roasting Time of Unfermented Cocoa Liquor Using the Oil Bath Methods on Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Compound Profiles
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Setyabudi Francis Maria Constance Sigit , Marseno Djagal Wiseso , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to measure the effect of roasting time on physicochemical properties and volatile compounds of unfermented cocoa liquor roasted with an oil bath method. Physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, and color), flavor, and volatile compounds were analyzed. The results showed that the longer the roasting time the higher the unfermented cocoa liquor’s temperature, °Hue, and ΔE value, but lower pH and L value. There were 126 volatile compounds obtained by various roasting time, identified as pyrazines (12), aldehydes (16), esters (1), alcohols (31), acids (15), hydrocarbons (11), ketones (19), and others (21). At 15, 20, and 25 minutes of roasting time, 69, 74, and 67 volatile compounds, respectively, were identified. Volatile compounds’ profiles were indicated to be strongly influenced by roasting time. The largest area and highest number of compounds, such as pyrazines and aldehydes, were obtained at 20 minutes, which was also the only time the esters were identified. As well as the time showed a very strong flavor described by panelists.
Analisis Kesiapan Modernisasi Daerah Irigasi Kedung Putri Pada Tingkat Sekunder Menggunakan Metode K-Medoids Clustering
Authors: Pradipta Ansita Gupitakingkin , Pratyasta Anditya Sridamar , Arif Sigit Supadmo
Published: September 2019

Preparation for the modernization of the Kedung Putri Irrigation System (DI Kedung Putri) required a comprehensive assessment of the irrigation pillars, one of which was at the secondary level. To facilitate the assessment and development plan, a clustering was carried out using the k-medoids method, that used a representative data (called medoid) as the cluster center. Then, the decision making was conducted by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Performance assessment of 21 secondary channels was stated as the readiness index of irrigation modernization (IKMI). The assessment result showed that 9,52% included in good criteria, 71,43% included in fair criteria, and 19,05% included in poor criteria. Based on these results that DI Kedung Putri was not ready yet to be modernized. For this reason, it was necessary to conduct the system improvement in groups, namely by grouping based on similarities (clustering). The used method was k-medoids clustering using Rapid Miner 9.0 software. The clustering result showed that the optimal cluster number were 4 clusters, with the Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) value -1,959. The members of the 0, 1, 2 and 3 cluster were 6, 6, 8 and 1 secondary channels, respectively. Furthermore, the priority scale in clusters development was needed based on the performance of irrigation pillars on secondary channels. The results of AHP analysis showed that the order of priority development starts from cluster 0, followed by cluster 2, 1, and 3. The recommendations for the development of secondary channels incorporated in cluster, such as increasing water supply, routine infrastructure maintenance, technical assistance, and public campaigns in irrigation management. The secondary channel incorporated in cluster 3 had good performance on all pillars, so it only needed to maintain the existing operation and maintenance patterns.
Kinetika Perubahan Sifat Fisik dan Kadar Tanin Biji Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Selama Perendaman
Authors: Asropi Asropi , Bintoro Nursigit , Karyadi Joko Nugroho Wahyu , Rahayoe Sri , Saputro Arifin Dwi
Published: September 2019

Some studies have been done to examine that the soaking process of sorghum seeds decrease the tannin level, but have not yet examined the kinetics of reaction changes during soaking. The aim of this experiment was to study the kinetics of changes on physical characteristics and tannin level of sorghum seeds during soaking. This experiment used milled and not milled red sorghum seeds which were soaked for 24 hours in distilled and alkaline solution at 30, 45, and 60 ºC. Observed parameters included water content, tannin content, and hardness, which were analyzed using statistical data and the kinetics of parameter change rate. Temperature treatment had a significant effect on the changes in all parameters of sorghum seeds during soaking. The increase in temperature accelerated the diffusion coefficient (Deff) in a range between 6.6345x10-12 m2/second to 13.5519x10-12 m2/second and energy activation of 8.054 kJ/mol; 3.274 kJ/mol; 3.183 kJ/mol; and 7.29 kJ/mol on the distilled water soaking treatment of not milled sorghum seeds, alkaline soaking treatment of not milled seeds, the distilled water soaking treatment of milled sorghum seeds, and alkaline soaking treatment of milled seeds.  The highest decrease in tannin content was 77.9%, that was obtained in the treatment of alkaline soaking treatment of milled seeds at 60 ºC. The highest increase in volume occurred in the treatment of alkaline soaking treatment of milled seeds (76.0%).  The value of the constant rate tended to increase with the increasing temperature of the soaking process. This means that the changes in the parameter were faster at a higher temperature, so the energy activation used is lower.
Thomas Kuhn dan Teori Hubungan Internasional: Realisme sebagai Paradigma
Authors: Asrudin Azwar
Published: September 2019

This writing is the writer’s objections against Peter Van Ness’ claim on realist paradigm. In reference to Thomas Kuhn’s paradigm shift, Van Ness argued that realism, as what Kuhn would call “normal science” in international relations theory, is in a crisis because of its inability to explain some anomalies. According to Van Ness, rampant number of states doing security cooperation is enough to call realism is in a crisis as a paradigm. Through several cases on international anarchy, the writer argues that realism is still relevant and worthy to be called a paradigm in Kuhnian category.
The Politicization of Women’s Rights in Malaysia: The Drive Behind the Impasse of Fatwa Obligating Female Circumcision
Authors: Abiyanti Nabilah Nur
Published: September 2019

Under the new premiership of Najib Razak in 2009, a fatwa obligating female circumcision for all Muslim women in Malaysia was issued. It was issued following the 2008 “Political Tsunami” despite the heightened promotion of global zero tolerance towards the practice. The dilemma between adhering to Malaysia’s obligation under CEDAW and CRC and the need to regain control amidst domestic political upheaval has led the fatwa to be left on impasse, until date. Thus, this article aims to find the reason behind the Malaysian government’s decision to leave the fatwa on the impasse focusing on two stages of public policy analysis. The analysis of cost and benefit in the policy formulation stage has resulted in equal cost and benefit to each policy option –to accept or reject the fatwa. The result of the equal cost and benefit analysis is also due to the variety of actors in the decision-making process with different positions, interests and bargaining positions. From using a rational model of the decision-making process, the reason why the Malaysian government leaves the fatwa on impasse was driven by the Malaysian goal under Najib Razak, which required not only domestic stability but also vast international support.
The characterization of bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from traditional fermented foods in Indonesia and the detection of its plantaricin-encoding genes
Authors: Sogandi Sogandi , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Artika I Made
Published: September 2019

Lactobacillus plantarum is widely found in either anaerobic plant matter or fermented foods, and it has been recognized as producing antimicrobial bacteriocins. This study aimed to characterize the antimicrobial bacteriocins of L. plantarum and detect its genes that encode plantaricins. Samples were isolated from traditional fermented foods from Indonesia. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion assay procedure. The titration method applied the maximum amounts of lactic acid at 1054 mg/mL and hydrogen peroxide at 3.85 mg/mL. Based on the results, the supernatant of the L. plantarum strains appeared to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against pathogens, which would be active at pH 2.0–12.0 and stable temperature. In addition, almost all of the L. plantarum strains contained plantaricin-encoding genes (e.g. plnA, plnF,plnJK, and plnW), which were grouped into one cluster as indicated by phylogenetic analysis. Therefore, this study discovered clear evidence of the potential of some L. plantarum strains to act as antimicrobial agents.
Effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin applications on periodontal regeneration in infrabony pocket treatment
Authors: Suwondo Christopher Imantaka , Herawati Dahlia , Sudibyo Sudibyo
Published: September 2019

One of the regenerative periodontal treatments for infrabony pocket is open flap debridement (OFD) with the addition of growth factor derived from platelet concentrate. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) is a further development of plateletrich fibrin (PRF) with a lower centrifugation speed (1,500 rpm, 14 minutes). The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in periodontal tissue regeneration after the application of A-PRF and PRF in the treatment of infrabony pockets evaluated from probing depth (PD), relative attachment loss (RAL), and alveolar bone height. The samples were taken from 20 infrabony pockets divided into 2 groups: 10 subjects were treated with OFD+A-PRF and OFD+PRF on the remaining subjects. Probing depth (PD) and relative attachment loss (RAL) measurement were performed on days 0, 30, and 90. Bone height measurements were performed using CBCT X-rays on days 0 and 90. The results showed that PD and RAL reduction in the group of OFD+A-PRF was significantly greater than that in the OFD+PRF group. Bone height reduction in both groups showed no difference. The conclusion obtained from this study is A-PRF application enhances periodontal tissue regeneration by generating greater probing depth and relative attachment loss reduction compared toPRF, as well as an increase in bone height similar to in the treatment of infrabony pockets.
Food actvism. Agency, democracy and economy
Authors: Gravante Tommaso
Published: September 2019

La relación entre alimentación, política y acción colectiva no es nueva. La alimentación es un símbolo potente de lo que aflige a la sociedad, es una forma de transformar cuestiones como las clases sociales o la explotación en una realidad material y visceral. No hace falta recordar los motines populares —bread riots— en la Inglaterra del siglo dieciocho o los motines populares en Italia de 1898, llamados también las protestas del estómago —le proteste dello stomaco—. Ambos fenómenos sociales, y, como muchos otros casos similares a lo largo de la historia y del planeta, fueron guiados por el injusto aumento del precio del pan, de los impuestos sobre el trigo, el maíz, etcétera. 
De cambios y adaptaciones: lecciones desde la tecnología, la cultura y la biología
Authors: Gálvez García Carina Itzel , del Ángel Martínez Rosa María , Carranco Arenas Morgana P.
Published: September 2019

Ante la gran cantidad de cambios que vivimos en la actualidad, se pueden detectar un sinfín de adaptaciones, unas a nivel biológico, a nivel cultural, social o hasta individual. En este número se exploran diferentes procesos adaptivos que podemos observar desde lo micro hasta lo macro; del mundo microbiano y los antibióticos, hasta la respuesta de las instituciones de educación superior a los retos ambientales; de lo algoritmos criptográficos a la escritura de graffiti.
El desarrollo sustentable en las instituciones de educación superior. Un verdadero desafío
Authors: Bohne García Ana Catalina , Bruckmann Maynetto Mónica , Martínez González Adrián Alejandro
Published: September 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es reflexionar sobre los alcances de la crisis socioambiental que enfrentamos hoy en día y la necesidad de impulsar el desarrollo sustentable como alternativa de modelo a seguir para atenuar sus efectos devastadores, mediante la contribución de las instituciones de educación superior (IES). Para ello, se analiza el papel que juegan las IES en la consecución de los objetivos de desarrollo sustentables (ODS), a fin de enfatizar algunas ideas clave para su mejor comprensión. Se concluye con una serie de recomendaciones para avanzar en este tema.
Posicionamiento del investigador de enfermería en la utilización de la teoría fundamentada constructivista
Authors: Juanillo-Maluenda H.
Published: September 2019

Introducción: La teoría fundamentada ha tenido un fuerte auge en las ciencias de la salud, especialmente en la enfermería, producto de las ventajas que presenta para ser aplicada en problemas o situaciones de la disciplina y analizar diversos tópicos de interés en salud. Una de las vertientes más recientes, la teoría fundamentada constructivista, mantiene en la actualidad un amplio desarrollo por las características inherentes a este enfoque. Una de ellas, que la diferencia de las perspectivas predecesoras, es la posición del investigador en temáticas sociales aplicadas a grupos vulnerables como las personas mayores. Desarrollo: El presente trabajo reflexiona en torno a los usos de la teoría fundamentada constructivista, la posición que debe adquirir el investigador que utilice este enfoque en investigaciones en enfermería, y las herramientas metodológicas con las que puede contar para cumplir este propósito al estudiar grupos vulnerables, como las personas mayores en un contexto latinoamericano. Reflexiones finales. Uno de los aportes destacados de la TFC es posicionar al investigador en un rol clave en la co-construcción de la teoría, como partícipe del proceso de investigación en conjunto con sus participantes como sujeto de cambio social.
Participación de enfermeros(as) de la Región de las Américas en una capacitación virtual sobre liderazgo
Authors: De Bortoli-Cassiani S.H. , Antonio-Costa L. , Hoyos M.C. , De Gracia E. , Listovsky G. , Menezes-da Silva F. A.
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Analizar la participación de los enfermeros(as) de la Región de las Américas en la iniciativa de desarrollar el liderazgo de enfermería en la Región, a través de un curso virtual de autoaprendizaje.
Método: Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo con descripciones cualitativas de datos obtenidos del Campus Virtual de Salud Pública de la OPS/OMS por medio de la Encuesta de calidad del CVSP - cursos de autoaprendizaje del Curso Virtual de Liderazgo en Enfermería: Empoderamiento de los (las) enfermeros(as) líderes en Latinoamérica. Se calcularon medidas de estadística descriptiva.
Resultados: Participaron en este curso de agosto de 2015 a julio del 2018, tres mil 348 enfermeros. Del total, Ecuador, México y Colombia representan juntos el 83.1% de la participación. Solamente, 8.7% de los participantes en el curso reportaron específicamente que tienen cargos de liderazgo. El curso fue útil para las personas que tienen barreras relacionadas con el acceso a la educación permanente.
Discusión: La mayor participación en algunos países puede deberse a mayor difusión de estos cursos o del acceso a la plataforma virtual. El entorno virtual tiene beneficios y puede colaborar con el entrenamiento del recurso humano en salud, ya que muchos de ellos tienen barreras físicas para desarrollar sus habilidades profesionales.
Conclusiones: El entorno virtual colaboró, de forma significativa en la práctica de estos profesionales. Además, fue una iniciativa de fortalecimiento de la enfermería con enfoque en la formación de líderes y puede ser aprovechado para la formulación de futuros programas de educación.
Manfaat Pemberian Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Dalam Meningkatkan Komunikasi Dalam Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Kardo, M.Pd Rici
Published: September 2019

Adanya peserta didik yang lebih banyak berinterksi sosial melalui jaringan dunia maya. Akibatnya peserta didik banyak sekali mengalami permasalahan kesalah pahaman antar peserta didik, ataupun pesrta didik dengan guru. Salah satu layanan yang terdapat dalam Bimbingan dan Konseling adalah layanan bimbingan kelompok, dimana dapat diberikan oleh guru BK supaya perserta didik bersosialisasi dengan baik, terbuka, berani berbicara di depan orang banyak, berani bertanya, menanggapi pendapat orang lain, dapat mengemukakan ide-ide dengan baik serta tepa selera. Adapun yang dimaksud layanan bimbingan kelompok adalah bantuan yang memukinkan peserta didikmendapat layanan secara langsung tatap muka dalam rangka membahas topik tertentu secara luas dan mendalam yang bermanfaat bagi peserta didik dengan memanfaatkan dinamika kelompok.
Kajian Keberlanjutan Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Ditinjau Dari Karakteristik Fisik Daerah Dan Sosial Masyarakat Di Daerah Tertinggal Kecamatan Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat
Authors: Nur Arsida , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: September 2019

Problems in this study started from the still many problems that occur in the education of children with special needs in the underdeveloped area Ranah Batahan District West Pasaman Barat. The type of research used is Mixed Method (combined). To strengthen the data, researchers also conducted observations and interviews. Respondent determination was done by using total sampling. Furthermore, data analysis techniques are reduction, display, verification. Based on the result of research, it is found that the underdeveloped area of Ranah Batahan Sub-district is difficult to reach. Condition of social characteristics seen from the education and care of parents of children with special needs are low so as not to provide motivation to children with special needs to undergo or continue education. Therefore, the effort that can be done in following up the sustainability of the education of the crew in the underdeveloped area of Ranah Batahan District of Pasaman Barat Regency is to establish the SLB by fostering cooperation with parents, community, principals and local government. Keyword : Education, children with special needs, and Disadvantaged Areas
PENERAPAN TEKNIK LAYANAN KONSELING PERORANGAN OLEH GURU BK DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER DISIPLIN PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Usman Citra Imelda
Published: September 2019

The background of this research is the existence of some students who display undisciplinedbehavior in school, such as coming late to come to school and so forth. The purpose of this studyis how the effectiveness pelaysanaan individual counseling services in mendisipnlikan class Xstudents electrical majors in SMK Negeri 5 Padang, using general and special techniques. Theresearch is quantitative descriptive research. The population of this study were 38 students ofclass X of electrical majors at SMK Negeri 5 Padang who had attended individual counseling. Thesampling technique is total sampling. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysistechnique used is technique percentage. The findings of this study indicate that: 1) theapplication of general and specialized techniques to individual counseling can improve studentdiscipline. This research is recommended for students of electric X class X who have participatedin individual counseling services to improve their discipline. Then to the school community, inorder to give full attention to the students and to cooperate with all the personnel or citizens ofschool which aims in improving the discipline of learners.Keywords: General techniques of individual counseling services, specific techniques ofindividual counseling services, discipline
Motivasi Siswa dalam Mengikuti Konseling Teman Sebaya di SMAN 1 Sungayang
Authors: Syaputra Yogi Damai , Lisa Monalisa
Published: September 2019

Adolescence is a time of self-discovery, one of the efforts made to achieve the identity of teenagers can be pursued with the achievement of a mature relationship with peers. Teenagers spend more time with their peers. Peer execution is very urgent in determining attitudes and behavior, as teenagers strive to be free from family and not dependent on their parents, so that any problems they face will be more likely to share the problem with their peers. Peer counseling is an activity of mutual care and interpersonal mutual assistance among fellow students that take place in everyday life, using active listening skills and problem-solving skills in equal position among peers. In SMA 1 Sungayang some students have attended peer counseling, one time, twice or even four times in peer counseling. This study aims to reveal the level of student motivation in following peer counseling. This research uses quantitative descriptive method, with 76 research sample (SeventySix) students. Data obtained through questionnaire, then continued with interpretation of data or process of interpreting data. The results of this study revealed that the motivation of students to follow peer counseling activities belong to the high category
UPAYA PELESTARIAN EKOSISTEM HUTAN AIR PAYAU DALAM MENJAGA KELESTRAIAN TATANAN EKOLOGIS
Authors: Putri Rozana Eka
Published: September 2019

Changes in forest ecosystems of brackish water in Indonesia has reached the alarming level. Center for the Study of Marine Fisheries and Bung Hatta University in 2005 mentioned, brackish water forest area in West Sumatra reached 39 832 hectares. Mentawai district has an area of 32,600 hectares of mangrove forests, West Pasaman area of 6273.5 hectares. Results showed that the level of damage is highest in the district of Padang Pariaman, 80 percent or comparable 160 hectares. As in West Pasaman reached 30% and the Mentawai Islands as much as 20%. For the city of Padang, the forest area of brackish water no more than 10 hectares. The forest is only found in the Banana River. Others mostly already built housing or for tourism.
ANALISIS POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA PANTAI MANDEH KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: . U Iswandi
Published: September 2019

The tourism industry is the fault of the local revenue contributor, even foreign exchange earner of the country. Along with the tourist awareness of the environment and issues about sustainable development has contributed to the view of the importance of the principles of sustainable tourism. The principle of tourism is expected to maintain the quality of the environment, maintain the culture, empowering local communities and provide economic benefits to local communities, regions, and government. Mandeh beach is a tourist attraction that has a natural beauty, good food and friendly people. This study aimed to describe, analyze, and identify from ecotourism development based on internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include the development of ecotourism ecotourism development strengths and weaknesses. While external factors include the development of eco-tourism opportunities and threats. This study incorporates SWOT analysis method with AHP analysis. The analysis showed that the beach Mandeh have a positive potential for the development of ecotourism. Mandeh beach has a great opportunity and strength to be used as ecotourism.Key words: Potential, development of ecotourism
PERAN PARIWISATA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Elsa Elsa
Published: September 2019

This paper to see how tourism can provide stimulus to economic growth. In tourism the interaction between tourists and local communities so as to enhance economic activities such as revenues, business opportunities, employment opportunities and reduce unemployment or poverty erodes. So, it can be explained that between the tourism sector and the economy is directly proportional, if the tourism sector increases, people's income also increased. Conversely, if the tourism sector are declining, people's income also declined. Tourism is the engine driving and driving the creation of creativity of the community in an effort to improve the lives. Problems that develop in the tourism sector is the lack of knowledge and understanding on tourism, a reference to incomplete about the tourist places (socialization of local government is still not satisfactory), and stepping are not implemented (safe, orderly, clean, cool, beautiful, welcoming, and memories) in the tourism sector. Therefore, to overcome the problem of tourism is needed awareness by government and the community to develop and explore the potential of tourism as an effort to increase the standard of living and the quality of the people in the area. Efforts are underway to explore the potential of travel may include human resource development, implementation stepping, as well as the improvement of facilities and infrastructures. It can boost the high interest of tourists to visit the tourist destination so that not only the public economy are growing, but the skill and creativity of the community also increased.Keywords: Tourism, Economic Growth.