bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вплив кінетики мартенситного перетворення на міграцію атомів
Authors: Коваль Ю.М. , Герцрікен Д.С. , Мазанко В.Ф. , Богданов С.Є.
Published: April 2021

За допомогою радіоактивних індикаторів вивчався вплив низькотемпературних мартенситних перетворень з різною кінетикою на дифузію (масоперенесення) в ряді сплавів. Виявилося, що при дії термопружних перетворень та перетворень, які характеризуються ізотермічною кінетикою, не спостерігається збільшення рухливості мічених атомів при першому акті перетворення та тривалому термоциклуванні. При мартенситному перетворенні з атермічною (вибуховою) кінетикою має місце аномально велике зростання рухливості атомів навіть при одному акті перетворення. Встановлено відмінності у впливі на підвищення коефіцієнтів дифузії багаторазових перетворень, багаторазового стиснення та одночасної дії перетворення та деформації, яка багаторазово повторюється. Визначені коефіцієнти дифузії у моментах, що передують перетворенню.
ЖИТИ У СОЦМІСТІ ЗАРАЗ: МІЖ СПАДЩИНОЮ ТА ОНОВЛЕННЯМ
Authors: Боженко Анастасія , Суховєєва Олександра
Published: April 2021

У статті розглянуто проблеми участі місцевої громади у ревіталізаційних процесах, які відбуваються в історичному ареалі Соцміста, або району ХТЗ. Район було частково реалізовано у 1930-ті рр. за проєктом архітектора Павла Альошина. У післявоєнну добу від концепції Соцміста відмовилися, однак сам район і надалі розвивався як промзона. Було зведено  низку нових потужних підприємств важкої промисловості.  В сучасному контексті навіть за умов модернізації підприємств частина виробничих потужностей стає незатребуваною. З іншого боку, деіндустріалізацію потрібно розглядати у прив’язці до селітебної зони, тому в нашій статті ми фокусуємося на тих активістських ініціативах, які нині відбуваються у районі ХТЗ. Історіографія проблеми складається з досліджень історичного й містобудівного контексту, соціальної складової та теоретичних робіт із тематики індустріальної спадщини. Основа джерельної бази – дописи активістів у соціальній мережі «Фейсбук», містобудівна документація та законодавча база.
Karakteristik Molekuler Kelelawar (Microchiroptera), berdasarkan DNA Mitokondria (Gen COI) di Gua Sukabumi dan Sentul Jawa Barat
Authors: Afifah Ismayati , Solihin Dedy Duryadi , Sunkar Arzyana
Published: April 2021

AbstrakCytochrome Oxidase I (COI) merupakan salah satu gen mitokondria untuk membantu konstruksi dari pohon filogeni yang dapat bertindak sebagai gen marker. Gen COI memiliki keakuratan dalam mengidentifikasi spesies dan umumnya digunakan sebagai “DNA Barcoding”. Informasi mengenai karakteristik genetik berdasarkan DNA mitokondria pada kelelawar di Sukabumi dan Sentul belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik kelelawar berdasarkan DNA mitokondria dengan penanda Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) sebagai DNA barcoding. Isolasi DNA total dilakukan menggunakan Kit Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit cat no 69504 (50) berdasarkan prosedur Spin-Column Protocol dengan modifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gen COI telah berhasil mengidentifikasi karakteristik spesies. Dua haplotipe didapatkan dari masing-masing populasi. Berdasarkan barcode DNA menunjukkan populasi Sukabumi merupakan spesies Chaerephon plicatus dengan nilai identitas genetik sebesar 97,08%, sedangkan populasi Sentul menunjukkan perbedaan secara genetik dengan spesies Hipposideros larvatus dengan nilai identitas genetik sebesar 94,85%. Identifikasi secara genetik dengan menggunakan gen COI menunjukkan bahwa kelelawar yang berasal Sukabumi adalah spesies Chaerephon plicatus dengan jarak genetik sebesar 3,1%. Kelelawar yang berasal dari Sentul memiliki kedekatan dengan spesies Hipposideros larvatus namun memiliki jarak genetik sebesar 5,2%. AbstractCytochrome Oxidase I (COI) is one of the mitochondrial genes to help the construction of phylogeny trees that can act as marker genes. The COI gene has accuracy in identifying species and is commonly used as "DNA Barcoding". Information about genetic characteristics based on mitochondrial DNA in bats in Sukabumi and Sentul has not been widely reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of bats based on Mitochondrial DNA with Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) markers as DNA barcoding. Total DNA isolation was carried out using the Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit paint no. 69504 (50) based on the Spin-Column Protocol procedure with modifications. The results of this study indicate that the COI gene has successfully identified species characteristics. Two haplotypes were obtained from each population. Based on DNA barcodes, the population of Sukabumi is a species of Chaerephon plicatus with a genetic identity value of 97.08%, while the Sentul population shows genetic differences with the Hipposideros larvatus species with a genetic identity value of 94.85%. Genetic identification using the COI gene shows that the bats originating from Sukabumi is a spesies Chaerephon plicatus with a genetic distance of 3.1%. The bats originating from Sentul are closely related to the species Hipposideros larvatus but have a genetic distance of 5.2%.
Ethnomedicine Of Medicinal Plants Used By Tribal Community In Kaliki Village, Merauke - Papua
Authors: Ibo Leberina Kristina , Arifa Nissa
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPapua memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi dengan jenis hutan yang lengkap dan flora endemik yang tidak ditemukan di daerah lain, serta pengetahuan tradisional tumbuhan obat masyarakat Papua sangat beragam. Namun pengetahuan tersebut belum diungkapkan dan di dokumentasikan dengan baik, seperti pengetahuan masyarakat suku Marind di Kampung Kaliki Merauke yang merupakan salah satu suku terbesar yang menempati pesisir pantai hingga perbatasan Papua New Guinea. Penelitian etnomedisin tumbuhan obat dimaksudkan untuk mengungkapkan presepsi dan konsepsi masyarakat lokal dalam memahami kesehatan seperti pengunaan tumbuhan sebagai bahan obat, sekaligus untuk melakukan inventarisasi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan berguna untuk obat-obatan tradisional dan sebagai data awal untuk riset farmasi dalam menemukan senyawa baru yang berguna dalam pengobatan. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan emik dan etik juga melakukan wawancara secara terbuka dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 34 spesies dari 22 famili dikenali dan dimanfaatkan untuk menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit. Daun merupakan bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan obat yaitu sebanyak 18 spesies, kulit batang 8 spesies dan akar rimpang 3 spesies. Sebagian besar pengolahan tumbuhan obat melalui metode perebusan dan konsumsi langsung. Tumbuhan obat ini dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan 15 jenis penyakit. Persalinan dan diare merupakan pengobatan yang paling banyak memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat. AbstractPapua is rich in biodiversity with several forest types and endemic flora that cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Furthermore, diverse traditional knowledge of medicinal plants are already used by tribal community in Papua. However, this knowledge has not been published and well documented. For example, the knowledge of the Marind Tribe in Kaliki Village, Merauke, which is one of the largest tribes living on the coast to the border of Papua New Guinea. Research of ethnomedicine on medicinal plants is intended to reveal the perception and conception of local communities in understanding health, such as the utilization of plants as medicine, inventory of plant used in traditional medicines, and  preliminary data for pharmaceutical research to find new compounds for drug discovery. This study used emic and ethical approaches, open-ended interviews, and direct field observations. According to study result, a total of 34 species from 22 families were identified and used to cure various diseases. It was found that plant parts most widely used as medicinal ingredients were leaves of 18 species, bark of 8 species, and rhizome of 3 species. Moreover, medicinal plants were normally boiled or processed for direct consumption. The medicinal plant was used to treat 15 species of diseases. In addition, medicinal plants were mostly used in childbirth care and treating diarrhea.
Prevalence and Predictors of Medical Complexity in a National Sample of VLBW Infants
Authors: Hannan Kathleen E. , Bourque Stephanie Lynn , Palmer Claire , Tong Suhong , Hwang Sunah Susan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are at high risk for morbidities beyond the neonatal period and ongoing use of health care. Specific morbidities have been studied; however, a comprehensive landscape of medical complexity in VLBW infants has not been fully described. We sought to (1) describe the prevalence of complex chronic conditions (CCCs) and (2) determine the association of demographic, hospital, and clinical factors with CCCs and CCCs or death.

METHODS:

This retrospective cross-sectional analysis of discharge data from the Kids’ Inpatient Database (2009–2012) included infants with a birth weight <1500 g and complete demographics. Outcomes included having CCCs or having either CCCs or dying. Analyses were weighted; univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios. A dominance analysis with Cox-Snell R2 determined the relative contribution of demographic, hospital, and clinical factors to the outcomes.

RESULTS:

Among our weighted cohort of >78 000 VLBW infants, >50% had CCCs or died. After adjustments, the prevalence of CCCs or CCCs or death differed by sex, race and ethnicity, hospital location, US region, receipt of surgery, transfer status, and birth weight. Clinical factors accounted for the highest proportion of the model’s ability to predict CCCs and CCCs or death at 93.3% and 96.3%, respectively, whereas demographic factors were 11.5% and 2.3% and hospital factors were 5.2% and 1.4%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this nationally representative analysis, medical complexity is high among VLBW infants. Varying contributions of demographic, hospital, and clinical factors in predicting medical complexity offer opportunities to investigate future interventions to improve care delivery and patient outcomes.
On the conceptual provisions for monitoring the navigational hydraulic structures operational state
Authors: Kolesnikov Yury
Published: April 2021

To implement the state policy in the security support field of the navigable hydraulic, it is necessary to improve the work organization in the early recognition and preventing technogenic and natural threats, as well as the technical monitoring base, which is the most important condition for increasing the reliability and efficiency of obtaining complex information characterizing the state of their safety. In this regard, at the operated facilities, the systematic facilities monitoring systems development for their condition should be carried out, the computer software introduction for automated data entry, primary measurement data, maintaining a database, diagnosing the operation of the hydraulic structures, etc. Currently, the analysis results of field observations at various hydro-technical facilities are produced in different ways depending on the specialists’ qualifications, often not always fully, there are only isolated examples of the information and diagnostic systems, computer programs for solving some local applied problems, information databanks, etc. The article outlines the main priorities, principles, and directions of work in the field of creating and using a unified system for monitoring the navigable hydraulic structures state. At the same time, the unified system construction for monitoring the state of operating hydraulic structures corresponds to the structure of the industry system for their safety. The scheme proposed by the author for organizing information exchange within the scope of a unified system for monitoring the hydraulic structures state should ensure effective and high-quality operational state monitoring, and will also improve the hydraulic facilities safety level by making operational and well-grounded management decisions.
Labeled Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks
Authors: Escañuela Gonzalez Melisa G. , Budán Maximiliano C. D. , Simari Gerardo I. , Simari Guillermo R.
Published: April 2021

An essential part of argumentation-based reasoning is to identify arguments in favor and against a statement or query, select the acceptable ones, and then determine whether or not the original statement should be accepted. We present here an abstract framework that considers two independent forms of argument interaction—support and conflict—and is able to represent distinctive information associated with these arguments. This information can enable additional actions such as: (i) a more in-depth analysis of the relations between the arguments; (ii) a representation of the user’s posture to help in focusing the argumentative process, optimizing the values of attributes associated with certain arguments; and (iii) an enhancement of the semantics taking advantage of the availability of richer information about argument acceptability. Thus, the classical semantic definitions are enhanced by analyzing a set of postulates they satisfy. Finally, a polynomial-time algorithm to perform the labeling process is introduced, in which the argument interactions are considered.
İkna Edici Konuşma Becerisinin Geliştirilmesinde Monroe’nun Motive Edilmiş Dizisi Tekniği
Authors: KURUDAYIOĞLU Mehmet , GOCİAOĞLU Büşra
Published: April 2021

Başarılı bir ikna edici konuşmada fikirlerin ve argümanların organize edilerek konuşma metninin yapılandırıldığı hazırlık aşaması büyük önem taşır. Öğrenciler konuşmaya karşı istekli olsalar dahi hazırlık aşamasında uygun strateji ve tekniği belirlemede zorlanabilmektedir. MÖ. 4. yüzyıldan beri üzerinde yoğun ve sistematik bir şekilde çalışılmış, çeşitli kuram ve modellerle zenginleştirilmiş bir alan olarak ikna, ikna edici dil becerilerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik etkinliklerde strateji ve tekniklerden yararlanmak adına oldukça geniş bir alan sunmaktadır. Alan Monroe tarafından geliştirilmiş Monroe’nun Motive Edilmiş Dizisi sırasıyla dikkat, ihtiyaç, tatmin, görselleştirme ve eylem adımlarını içeren ikna tekniklerinden biridir. Çalışmada Dizi konuşma eğitimi kapsamında ele alınmış, öğrencilerin ikna edici konuşma çalışmalarında rehber olarak kullanabilecekleri bir konuşma taslağına ve taslağın kullanımını içeren etkinlik örneklerine yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Alan yazından elde edilen bulgular bu tekniğin kullanılmasıyla öğrencilerin konuşma kaygısının azaldığını, etkinliklere katılımlarının ve konuşma performanslarının arttığını göstermektedir. Teknik, yapısı gereği eleştirel dinleme ve ikna edici yazma kapsamında da ele alınabileceği gibi problem çözme, yaratıcı ve eleştirel düşünme gibi becerilerin geliştirilmesinde de yararlanılabilecek niteliktedir.
COVID-19 and the Scope of the UN Security Council’s Mandate to Address Non-Traditional Threats to International Peace and Security
Authors: Pobjie Erin
Published: April 2021

In Resolution 2532 (2020), the UN Security Council characterised the COVID-19 pandemic as an endangerment to international peace and security and, for the first time, demanded a general ceasefire and humanitarian pause in armed conflicts across the globe. This article analyses the resolution and its broader implications. In particular, it examines the significance of the Council’s characterisation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the binding powers of the Security Council for addressing threats to international peace and security which are not ‘threats to the peace’, and the implications for the Council’s mandate and the collective security framework. This article argues that the concept of ‘international peace and security’ under Article 24(1) of the United Nations (UN) Charter – rather than Article 39 ‘threats to the peace’ – is fundamental to the delimitation of the Security Council’s mandate and powers for addressing non-traditional threats to international peace and security such as pandemics and the climate crisis.
Constitutions and Contagion – European Constitutional Systems and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Golia Angelo Jr , Hering Laura , Moser Carolyn , Sparks Tom
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge, with governments resorting to different legal strategies to respond to the health emergency. This article offers a cross-cuting comparative analysis of measures taken during first six months of the pandemic (the “first wave”) in four European jurisdictions with significantly different constitutional settlements – namely France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. It explores the influence of specific constitutional features on the legal responses to the pandemic and how, in turn, these responses have the potential to reconfigure the institutional frameworks in place. The inquiry, which unfolds along the analytical categories of (i) legal basis, (ii) horizontal and (iii) vertical allocation of power, and (iv) the role of the judiciary, shows that both constitutional contexts and legal traditions play a significant role in pandemic times and are, moreover, likely to continue shaping post-pandemic governance patterns.
Give a Court an Inch and It Will Take a Yard? The Exercise of Jurisdiction over Incidental Issues
Authors: Eichberger Fabian Simon
Published: April 2021

This article seeks to clarify how international courts and tribunals should decide whether to exercise jurisdiction over incidental issues. It considers such issues incidental, which would fall outside the subject-matter jurisdiction of an international court or tribunal if submitted separately, but which courts rule upon to resolve disputes falling within their jurisdiction. International courts and tribunals have employed diverse approaches to decide whether to exercise jurisdiction over incidental issues. This contribution will assess their decisions to distil what criteria are best suited to ensure the effectiveness of the underlying treaty while taking into account the fundamental importance of state consent for judicial dispute settlement. It concludes that the necessity to exercise jurisdiction over the incidental issue and the nature of the issue should be the guiding criteria for international courts and tribunals, while the character of the jurisdictional basis may serve as supplementary criterion.
‘I’m doing it for myself’: Using a smartphone-based exercise service during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Authors: Constantinou Demitri , Torres Georgia , Neophytou Natalia , Fourie Peter , Buntting Xenia , Gradidge Philippe
Published: April 2021

Background: Sufficient physical activity (PA) lowers poor health outcomes, with data showing these protective effects in populations under varying levels of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. The advent of online PA programmes has created novel opportunities to offset the deleterious effects of inactivity. However, data are limited and the readiness and acceptance of such technology is unknown. These authors nevertheless noted an opportunity to investigate this approach based on promising emerging data at the time of the hard lockdown in South Africa.

Objective: This exploratory study investigated the engagement and perceptions of a smartphone application to promote health and fitness in a sample of employees at a South African university.

Methods: Employed members of staff (n=15) of the University of the Witwatersrand were recruited through email invitation during the hard Level 5 COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Individualised home-based PA programmes were prescribed through a mobile application for a period of eight weeks. Researchers qualified in Biokinetics provided online supervision of the exercise sessions during the intervention. Participants were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire about their use of the application. Thematic analysis was used to understand these responses.

Results: Lack of motivation was perceived to have a negative effect on participation in the online PA programme. Only one participant reported using the mobile application consistently during the study period, while half of the participants reported having trouble with the usage of the application. The participants frequently mentioned the need for technical support and further engagement from the clinicians supervising the PA programme to ensure use and progression. Staff identified issues with connectivity and already having too many phone applications (apps) amongst the reasons for the technical difficulties.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the challenges and potential for the uptake of online PA interventions during COVID-19 and, despite its small sample size, the data provide important lessons learned that will be used as information in further investigations.
Development of an automated system for preparation of optical components for the production of optical transivers
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Kashtanov Aleksandr , Pazhetnov Mikhail ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Koptev Evgeny ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

In the process of creating modern production, it is necessary to reduce the marriage associated with the human factor to zero, by reducing the number of operations carried out by people, leveling the mistakes that a person can make. So one of the solutions to this problem is the creation of robotic systems in which all operations are performed without any operator intervention. To control the execution of operations by a robotic system, in some cases, it is possible to use various sensors and sensors, but sometimes it turns out to be too expensive and difficult, therefore, the authors demonstrated the implementation of control over automation implemented using computer vision systems. Also, in the work, an analogy is drawn between computer vision and physical sensors, using the example of solving the problem that the authors faced.
América Latina en la prensa escrita española: un análisis geopolítico de las Cumbres Iberoamericanas celebradas en España
Authors: Gálvez Asunción , García de las Heras Mariano
Published: April 2021

Los medios de comunicación son una fuente privilegiada en el estudio de los discursos geopolíticos populares. El objeto de investigación de este trabajo reside en analizar los contenidos de tres periódicos españoles (ABC, El País y La Vanguardia) en su cobertura mediática de las Cumbres Iberoamericanas celebradas en España (1992, 2005 y 2012). El principal objetivo consiste en destacar la construcción de imágenes y representaciones narrativas relativas a las relaciones entre España y el conjunto de los países latinoamericanos a través del escrutinio de sus páginas. Los enfoques críticos de la disciplina geopolítica y las metodologías dedicadas al enmarcado en la comunicación política constituyen la arquitectura teórica del trabajo. La investigación desvela las conexiones existentes entre las diferentes escalas geográficas (estatal, regional y global) operativas en la dinámica del escenario internacional y, en paralelo, el papel de los medios de comunicación para fortalecer o desplazar debates políticos en la esfera pública.
Las relaciones entre la AECID y Santillana en Uruguay: reflexiones desde el soft power (2000-2018)
Authors: Arias Clara
Published: April 2021

Santillana tiene un papel clave en la educación en Iberoamérica y está en relación con los mercados, los medios de comunicación, los agentes de cooperación y gobiernos de la región. Presente en veintiún países de Latinoamérica, la región constituye el principal mercado de la compañía. Existen elementos como lo es la cooperación española, a través de la diplomacia empresarial de la AECID (Agencia Española de Cooperación y Desarrollo), que ampara, facilita y refuerza la sinergia entre la compañía editorial y la región. Atendiendo a la figura de la mesa de Empresa y Desarrollo de la Cooperación, las medidas legislativas en Uruguay que regulan las exportaciones y entrada de capitales en este sector y en último lugar, a través de una relación de las licitaciones públicas en educación uruguayas destinadas a esta empresa, se quiere reconstruir las características del vértice formado por el Estado, el mercado y la sociedad a partir de la premisa de que la industria editorial uruguaya es un mercado desregulado que facilita la entrada de capitales como Santillana.
La cooperación al desarrollo como actor en la gestión turística de los espacios urbanos y patrimoniales: el estudio de caso de la AECID en América Latina
Authors: Menchero Miriam
Published: April 2021

El tercer sector y las agencias de cooperación participan, cada vez más, dentro de la gestión de los destinos, aunque no formen parte del sistema turístico de forma estricta. Atendiendo a esta relación, apenas estudiada, el siguiente artículo analiza a la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID) como posible actor en el desarrollo turístico de los centros históricos latinoamericanos en los que ha intervenido a través de su emblemático Programa de Patrimonio. Para ello se ha realizado una profunda revisión bibliografía y documentación institucional, y se han entrevistado a fuentes primarias vinculadas. Todo lo anterior, para extraer conclusiones que permitan señalar en qué modo se está produciendo sinergias y se establecen algunas pautas de refuerzo en este novedoso ámbito de las relaciones hispanoamericanas.
La estrategia de construcción de paz de la AECID en el marco del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Ñáñez Ortiz Paula Jimena
Published: April 2021

Este artículo pretende analizar las principales características de la estrategia de construcción de paz desarrollada por la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID) en el marco del conflicto armado en Colombia, centrándose de manera particular, en la segunda década del presente siglo. La metodología implementada se centra en la revisión de los diferentes documentos, estrategias y planes directores de la cooperación española (CE), que fue complementada con la realización de entrevistas en profundidad y semi-estructuradas a dos personas expertas en el sistema de cooperación, que han desempeñado cargos de responsabilidad tanto en la AECID como en el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación. Entre los principales resultados de investigación se puede señalar que la AECID ha implementado a través de sus programas en Colombia una estrategia de construcción de paz que aborda las tres dimensiones de la violencia: violencia estructural, violencia, directa y violencia cultural, en línea con la conceptualización de Johan Galtung; con especial atención, en los procesos de mantenimiento de la paz (peacekeeping) y la construcción de la paz (peacebuilding), quedando en un segundo plano el momento de las negociaciones (peacemaking).
Extraction of copper from the mining industry recirculation waters
Authors: Lebed A. B. , Verkhodanov R. I. , Lebed Z. A. , Metelev A. A.
Published: April 2021

Acidic recirculation water and effluents generated by the mining industry and bearing heavy metals can have a significant environmental impact on this region. Due to high concentrations of non-ferrous metals (5.2–300 mg/dm3 Cu; 50–450 g/dm3 Zn), such waters can be used as a raw material for producing concentrates for further recovery of metals from them. This study looked at the recirculation water of the Soryinsk tailings pod, the underspoil waters of the Novo-Shemursk deposit and the Urupsky GOK mine waters. The aim of the study is to develop a process for selective extraction of copper into a product that can be further processed into a final product. The most common techniques used to remove ions of heavy non-ferrous metals from industrial wastewater include neutralization techniques. In this case, however, a considerable share of non-ferrous metals get wasted. At the same time, reagent techniques (e.g. sulphidation in the acidic pH region) enable to selectively extract such metals into concentrates that can then be used in the conventional non-ferrous metal production technology. A sulphur solution in sodium hydroxide was used as a sulphidizer for selective extraction of copper from polycomponent wastewater. The sulphur solution was produced at the temperature of 115–120 oC, the mass ratio NaOH:S of 1:1 and the sulphur concentration of 350 g/dm3. Use of sulphur dissolved in sodium hydroxide helped extract copper in the form of sulphides from complex solutions. It resulted in a high recovery of copper (94–99.9%) and a high-concentration copper concentrate (8.9–27.5%). It was found that iron (III) interacts with sulphide ions forming elemental sulphur, which can be reused for conditioning of copper concentrate in sodium hydroxide. Thus, the sulphur can be reused and the concentration of copper can be increased to 24%. The physical properties of particles in copper sulphide concentrates determine the high rate of solid phase precipitation from the slurry. Sulphide particles are characterized with a high negative charge (–80…–100 mV) and the size of the 90% of the particles reaching 68.9 μm. The authors developed a process flow diagram for extracting copper from low-grade complex solutions. The process involves regular addition of sulphidizer to the existing water flow, detention of a solid copper phase and, when necessary, conditioning of copper concentrate.
Behaviour of lead and selenium during sequential sodium carbonate and nitric acid leaching of slime generated by the sulphuric acid plant of the Balkhash copper smelter
Authors: Sharipova A. S. , Linnik K. A. , Zagorodnyaya A. N. , Bakhytuly N.
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the process of selenium precipitation from the slime generated by the sulphuric acid plant of the Balkhash Copper Smelter. Contrary to similar tailings generated by non-ferrous metals industry, such slime has a high concentration of selenium (12.5–4.6 wt. %). By utilizing it in the production process, one can raise the output of selenium by more than 30% compared with the amount of selenium recovered by the smelter from copper anode slimes. The slime that was used in the experiments had been separated from the slurry produced as a result of scrubbing of metallurgical gases generated by copper smelting and matte converting processes. The slime was rinsed with water to remove sulphuric acid from it and then dried at 105 oC. With the help of new-generation analytical equipment, the slime was analyzed for qualitative, quantitative and material compositions. 15 elements with significantly varying concentrations were detected. The main components include lead (51.17 wt. %) and selenium (12.49 wt. %), which are present in the form of lead sulphates and elemental selenium. Other lead and mercury compounds are also present as disseminations – i.e. different salts of selenium acids. Considering the forms in which lead and selenium are mainly found in the slime, lead was initially converted into carbonates by sodium carbonate leaching, and then nitric acid was used to make lead transfer from the cake into the solution. The authors looked at the effect produced by the sodium carbonate concentration (50–200 g/dm3), solid-to-liquid ratio (1:(2–6)), process duration (20–120 min) and temperature (20–70 oC) at constant slime feed and stirrer RPM on the behaviour of lead and selenium. Optimum conditions were identified in which both elements almost completely remain in the carbonate cake, and only 0.019% Pb and 0.17% Se get extracted into the solution. Different quantities of three carbonate-containing compounds of lead and seven selenium compounds were found in the cake. When the carbonate cake is leached with nitric acid, almost all of the lead transfer to the solution, while selenium remains in the cake as an elementary substance and mercury selenides. As compared with the slime, the concentration of selenium in the cake increased by 5.6 times. This research was funded by the Science Board of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the following programme: Development and Implementation of Innovative Technology Ensuring a Higher Recovery of Non-Ferrous, Noble, Rare and Rare Earth Metals, as well as Fulfillment of Production Targets by Industrial Companies of the Republic of Kazakhstan Set for 2018–2020.
Study of mechanical properties of samples from heat-resistant copper BrKh 0.8 alloy obtained by selective laser melting
Authors: Grigoryants A. G. , Kolchanov D. S. , Drenin A. A. , Denezhkin A. O.
Published: April 2021

Selective laser melting (SLM) technology is a promising method for manufacturing complex parts from many metals and alloys. Copper and copper alloys are widely used in industry due to its high thermal conductivity and low resistivity. The use of chromium as an alloying element can increase the heat resistance of copper and its mechanical properties. In this work, samples were made of heat-resistant copper alloy ПР-БрХ to determine their mechanical properties and porosity values. Before the experiments, particle size, morphological and chemical analysis of the powder was carried out. Samples were prepared using the Additive Solutions D250 selective laser melting facility and a multidirectional laser scanning strategy for the powder layer. As a result of the experiments, samples with porosity of less than 5% were obtained. Which were then subjected to tensile tests and computed tomography. However, some samples were subjected to heat treatment. The test results showed that σ0.2 averages 166.3 MPa, σв — 198 MPa, σp — 42 MPa, ψ — 8.9%, δ — 3.2%. It was also revealed that heat treatment of samples leads to a decrease in strength properties while maintaining plastic. The research was conducted under financial support of the Russian Foundation of Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project No. 18-38-00940\19.
Gözetimli Makine Öğrenmesiyle Noktalama ve Etkisiz Kelime Sıklıkları Kullanarak Yazar Tanıma
Authors: UYAR Tevfik , KARACAN UYAR Kübra , YAĞLI Emre
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada köşe yazısı uzunluğundaki yazılarda noktalama ve etkisiz kelime kullanım sıklığı gibi basit özniteliklerin yazar tanımada yeterli olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Cumhuriyet gazetesi yazarlarından sıkça köşe yazan 6 adedi seçilerek her birinin çalışmanın başladığı tarihten geriye doğru son 120 köşe yazıları alınmış, her bir yazı için bir takım etkisiz kelime ve noktalama işaretlerinin kullanım sıklıklarına dayanan dokuz adet öznitelik elde edilmiştir. Sekiz gözetimli yapay öğrenme algoritması eğitildikten sonra yazının yazarını tanıma başarısı önişlemsiz ve önişlemden geçirilmiş veri kümelerinde ayrı ayrı ölçülmüş, asgari %82 ve azami %92 olmak üzere yüksek isabetli sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ölçeklemenin ve temel bileşen analizinin (PCA) başarıyı anlamlı miktarda değiştirmediği, ancak ölçekleme ve boyut azaltma yöntemi olarak doğrusal ayırtaç çözümlemenin (LDA) birlikte kullanılmasının en yakın komşu (kNN) ve Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) algoritmalarının yöntemlerin başarılarında yüksek anlamlı (p<0.001), destek vektör makineleri (SVM) algoritmasının başarısında ise anlamlı (p<0.05) bir fark yarattığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca karar ağacı temelli rasgele orman algoritmasında (RF) öznitelik önem analizi yapılarak cümle başına ortalama kelime sayısının ve virgül kullanma sıklığının en ayırıcı öznitelikler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Trafik Güvenliği Kurallarının ve İşaretlerinin Eğitimi için Etkileşimli 3B Sanal Ortam
Authors: İÇTEN Tarık
Published: April 2021

Sanal ortamlar gerçek dünya riskleri olmadan, herhangi bir ek maliyet oluşturmadan, karmaşık problemler ile uğraşmadan yenilikçi ve eğlenceli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Bu fırsatların en önemlisi yenilikçi öğrenme ortamları ve bu ortamlardaki güvenlik eğitimidir. Birçok çalışma, trafik kazalarının ana nedeni olarak trafik güvenlik eğitiminin eksikliğini bildirmektedir. Bu kazaların nedenleri arasında, yol kullanıcısı olan yayaların/sürücü adaylarının trafik kurallarını doğal bir davranış biçimine getirmemesi gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yayaların/sürücü adaylarının trafikte karşılaşacakları sorunların çözümünde ve giderilmesinde sanal ortamların bir çözüm aracı olup olmadığının belirlenmesine yönelik bir araştırma yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yayaların/sürücü adayların gerçek trafik kurallarını temel alan sanal bir ortamda trafik kurallarını öğrenebilmeleri için eğitim amaçlı sanal bir ortam tasarlamaktır. Bu ortam doğal el hareketlerinin izlendiği ve araçların zekice hareket ettiği yeni bir yaklaşımı temel almaktadır. Araştırmanın değerlendirilmesinde; Başarı Testi ve Buradalık Anketi ve Katılımcı Görüş Formu kullanılmıştır. Başarı testi puanları; uygulama aracının etki büyüklüğünün büyük düzeyde olduğunu (Cohen’s d=1,29>,80) ve katılımcı başarısına pozitif yönde katkı sağladığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca Buradalık Anketinde; katılımcıların sanal trafik senaryosunun içindeymiş gibi hissetme duygusunu yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar temassız hareket izleme arayüzünün ve sanal ortamların etkili bir eğitim aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
5G Teknolojisi için Çift Bantlı(28/38 GHz) Dikdörtgen Mikroşerit Anten Tasarımı
Authors: DEMİRCİ Murat , ERMIS Seda
Published: April 2021

Düşük atmosferik zayıflamaları nedeniyle 28 GHz ve 38 GHz frekansları 5G teknolojisi için önemli iki frekans bantları olarak bu çalışmanın temelini oluşturmuştur. Farklı besleme yöntemleri ve bant genişliği arttırma tekniklerinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada dikdörtgen mikroşerit antenlerin HFSS programı ortamında benzetim çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Dikdörtgen yama üzerine açılan yarıklar ile çift bantta rezonansa giren dikdörtgen mikroşerit anten farklı besleme yöntemi ve ilave teknikler ile bant genişliği arttırılmıştır. 28 ve 38 GHz frekanslarında çalışan dikdörtgen mikroşerit antenin en yüksek bant genişliği, toprak yüzeyinin bozulmuş olduğu ve iki alttaşa sahip yakınlık kuplajlı besleme yapısı ile elde edilmiştir. 28 GHz ve 38 GHz frekansları için elde edilen bant genişlikleri sırasıyla 4.79 GHz ve 5.67 GHz olarak HFSS benzetim programıyla hesaplanmıştır. Dikdörtgen mikroşerit antenin çift frekans için kazanç değerleri ise sırasıyla 8.16 dB ve 7.06 dB olarak bulunmuştur.
Teletıp Araştırmalarının Görsel Haritalama Tekniği ile Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: MANSUR Fatma , AYDIN İlknur
Published: April 2021

Teletıp sağlık hizmetlerinin bilişim teknolojileri aracılığıyla uzaktan sunulmasıdır. Teletıp literatüründeki eğilimlerin belirlenmesi araştırmaların gelecekteki yönlerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Belirli bir literatür alanı içindeki yayın örüntülerini tanımlamada bibliyometrik çalışma metodolojisi kullanılmakta olup, bu çalışmada, Web of Science veri tabanında indekslenmiş 391 adet bilimsel yayın bibliyometrik analiz ile incelenmiş ve veriler görsel haritalama tekniğiyle resmedilmiştir. Bibliyometrik analizler sonucunda, teletıp alanında gözlemlenen araştırma eğilimlerinin en fazla elektrik-elektronik mühendisliği, telekomünikasyon, bilgisayar ve bilgi sistemleri, sağlık bilişimi, yapay zeka, sağlık bilimleri/hizmetleri, radyoloji ve oftalmoloji alanlarında yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Yayınlar ağırlıklı olarak bildiri ve makale türündedir. Teletıp alanında yapılan bilimsel çalışmaların artış oranı yıllara göre değişmekle birlikte istikrarlı bir artış göstermemektedir. Teletıp konusunda literatüre en fazla katkı sağlayan ülke Amerika Birleşik Devletleri olup, Hindistan, İtalya, İngiltere ve Hollanda’nın da katkıları bulunmaktadır. Teletıpın klinik uygulamaları açısından değerlendirildiğinde, en fazla atıf alan yazarlara ait çalışmaların teleyoğunbakım, teletravma, teleoftalmoloji ve telekardiyoloji alanlarında yapıldığı görülmektedir. Teletıp teknolojileri için, sinirbilim, nöroloji ve iş sağlığı gibi alanların ivme kazanan araştırma alanları arasında olduğu söylenebilir. Bu çalışma teletıp literatüründeki araştırma eğilimlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulguların konuyla ilgili yapılacak çalışmalara yol göstereceği ve teletıp alanında büyüme kaydeden araştırma alanları ile yakın gelecekte araştırma faaliyetlerinin odağı olmaya aday konular hakkında araştırmacılara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Methotrexate in psoriasis treatment: a single-center retrospective study (2018–2020)
Authors: Olisova Olga Yu. , Anpilogova Ekaterina M.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Despite the wide range of therapeutic options for moderate-to-severe psoriasis, dermatologists still experience some difficulties in its treatment. To date, methotrexate (MTX) is the most commonly prescribed systemic drug for the treatment of psoriasis worldwide. Given its low cost and good effectiveness, this drug has been continuously used along with recently developed highly effective biological drugs. According to international guidelines, MTX is a drug of choice for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of MTX in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on patients with psoriasis who had been admitted to the Dermatology Department of Sechenov University in 20182020. Based on electronic medical documents of the patients, we analyzed the demographic characteristics, disease duration, comorbidities, psoriasis severity before and after treatment with MTX, and its side effects.

RESULTS: The study included 655 patients with moderate (373; 57%) and severe (282; 43%) psoriasis. Of these patients, 279 (42.6%) were women aged 1879 years, and 376 (57.4%) were men aged 1886 years (median age: 44.9 and 41.6 years, respectively). The duration of stay in the hospital varied from 17 days to 21 days. In all cases, topical therapy was performed in addition to systemic drugs administration or phototherapy. The most commonly prescribed medication was MTX 326 (49.7%) in a dose of 25 mg/week. A total of 29 patients received MTX as monotherapy. However, the drug was most often prescribed in combination with phototherapy: MTX + PUVA (n = 140) and MTX + UVB-311 nm (n = 157). At the time of discharge from the hospital, 53% of patients in the MTX group had improved, 47% had a significant improvement. in the MTX group + PUVA in 10.3; 75.7; 14% of patients, respectively; in the MTX + UVB-311 nm group in 17.4; 71.2; 11.4% of patients, respectively. The side effects were mild and did not lead to treatment discontinuation.

CONCLUSION: MTX is a highly effective therapeutic option with a good safety profile and is a confirmed drug of choice for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
Features of the legal regulation of the use of biometric personal data
Authors: Petrova Daria A. , Martianov Nikita R.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the authors highlight the legal basis for the use of biometric personal data, and also pay attention to the main initiative of the state in this area: the creation of a unified biometric system.

The study is particularly relevant in connection with the release of the new Federal law No. 168-FZ on June 8, 2020: On the unified Federal information register containing information about the population of the Russian Federation. In particular, an acute problem is the ability to integrate information from the unified biometric system and the Federal register that is being created.
Reformation of the united nations security council as a key issue in world politics
Authors: Tsvetkov Yuri A.
Published: April 2021

The author of the article substantiates the position that the issue of reform of the Security Council, the main political body of the UN, is a key issue in world politics and international law, and intersects with the strategic interests of states, the most active players on the world stage, as well as the interests of all regions of the world. The article analyzes the advantages afforded to permanent members of this body and describes the main approaches to Security Council reform. It critically assesses attempts to deconstruct the world order through such reform and suggests ways to counter them. It also formulates criteria for evaluating compliance with the status of a permanent member of the Security Council. and demonstrates the potential of these criteria by evaluating the validity of claims and real chances for this status by the group of four G-4 states (Brazil, India, Germany, and Japan), as well as by European and African countries. The author offers a model of UN Security Council reform that takes into account the interests of Russia and world realities.
Sobre o Caráter Absoluto ou Relativo da Noção de Bem em sua Conexão com as Noções de Forma e Matéria
Authors: Ribeiro Luís Filipe Bellintani
Published: April 2021

In ethics, the good is the final cause of every action. All other causes are what they are relatively to the final cause, but the final cause is not relative to something else, except as means and efficient cause of an ulterior motive, whereby the supreme end, whose possession brings happiness, is the absolute in ethics. In physics, the same thing: the living being tends to the fullness of its eidos (form) and all matter is moved towards that end. But the notion of happiness is a kind of empty truism (everyone wants to be happy) and the correspondent good will also remain empty until determined by relation to some substantive content, and in that determination we will fatally see the polyphony and the antilogy break out. In the realm of nature, as long as the good is thought from a philosophy of form and as what is useful and advantageous, that strengthens, brings health and preserves life, we will then have a total relativization of its absolute sense, because one form needs to snatch the matter from the other to survive, and the good of one, therefore, will be the evil of another. How to determine the good from the point of view of a philosophy of matter?
Desejo, Fantasia, Cognição e Bem Aparente em Aristóteles
Authors: Filho Francisco Marques Miranda
Published: April 2021

Aristotle treats in his works De Anima and De Motu Animalium of desire, perception, cognition, fantasy, and good apparent without directly correlating these concepts with his two great ethics, at least that is what the interpreters have as a question solved. The article takes up these concepts that Jessica Moss and Hendrik Lorenz develop, highlighting the important function that fantasy plays in the locomotion chain, when the soul is moved by the desire of a certain desired object, whose good is apparent, because to the desireer it seems a good. This seems to demonstrate that fantasy is more than a mere metaphor, but it can be taken as an important piece to understand our human deliberations and actions.
Revisiting the Boy-and-Girl Fallacy at Nicomachean Ethics I 2
Authors: Zingano Marco
Published: April 2021

This paper proposes a new reading of Nicomachean Ethics I 2 1094a18-22 with a view to solving the problem that the argument this passage contains would be invalid because it apparently commits a quantifier shift to reach its conclusion. On the reading advocated in this paper, no fallacy is committed, and the argument is sound provided one reads the conclusion at 1094a21-22 in the way the manuscript Marcianus 213 invites us to do. Grammatical considerations are produced to shore up the logical validity of the argument.
Ethics of Friendship: Ancient and Modern Philosophical Approaches to the Good
Authors: Holst Jonas
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the paper is to investigate into the ethical significance of friendship, beginning with its origins in ancient Greek philosophy. The first part is dedicated to an interpretation of Plato’s understanding of friendship as a way towards the good. The second part focuses on how Aristotle takes up the thread after Plato and elaborates on the potential of friendship to enhance the good between virtuous people. In the final parts, the paper uncovers Friedrich Nietzsche’s posthumous thoughts on “an ethics of friendship”, which he traces back to ancient Greek philosophy, and it offers a concluding critical commentary on three modern thinkers, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Hannah Arendt and Alasdair MacIntyre, who reflect, each in their own way, on the human good in an on-going dialogue with the ancient Greek philosophy of friendship.