bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking the Role of Islam in Malaysian Politics: A Case Study of Parti Amanah Negara
Authors: Malik Maszlee
Published: July 2021

In 2015, a group of sidelined and outcast progressive leaders and other activists from Parti Islam SeMalaysia (the Islamic Party of Malaysia, also known as PAS) decided to leave that organisation and form Parti Amanah Negara (AMANAH). The establishment of this new party was linked to efforts at saving the moderate form of Islamic political thought once embraced by PAS; the founders of AMANAH claimed that the new PAS leadership, elected during the 2015 Muktamar (Annual General Assembly), were too conservative and threatened the continuation of this moderate heritage. According to its founders, AMANAH has therefore been established to bring Islamic political activism into a new paradigm, with the hope of shaping a future Islamic discourse in Malaysia that is more inclusive, moderate, democratic and progressive. This article is an attempt to understand the party’s ideology, supposedly a new discourse in political Islam, and evaluate the level of adherence it enjoys amongst AMANAH members. This is done through a qualitative study conducted with 100 party members from different levels.
Thinking Through Signs: The Ayah Zeitgeist
Authors: Berisha Elma
Published: July 2021

Imagine you are living in a seventh-century desert town and a new book, which is not even a book yet, is being recited in scattered verses, urging ordinary people to look around for signs. What would one see in that sky-is-blue earth-is-flat age if one had attentively and eagerly looked around? Then, do they not look at what is before them and what is behind them of the heaven and earth?... Indeed in that is a sign… (Q.34:9). How to respond to this invitation to probe for signs when there are no telescopes or microscopes available? You would have looked up at the stars unaware that many of them were galaxies. You would have looked at your hands, observed their skin, but without a way to know that it is made up of highly-specialised cells composed of extraordinarily complex and coordinated sub-cellar organelles. To discern signs in your selves (Q.51:21) you would have tried to become introspective and look within your mind, but without the slightest chance of fathoming the dynamic nature of your brains neurochemical underpinnings. You might have thought for a moment of the languages and dialects heard around you, or of the differing facial features, skin colours or cultural habits of other tribes and nations-all of which the book you have heard recited claims are signs of the greatness of God.
Classical Islamic Political Thought and its Contemporary Relevance
Authors: Kamali Mohammad Hashim
Published: July 2021

This paper focuses on a critical review of three themes: the historical caliphate, rule of law, and democracy. The shift from the first theme to the other two is indicative, to some extent, of a certain disruption and departure exhibited by the dynastic caliphate from the normative guidelines of scripture and the precedent of the orthodox Caliphate of the 30 years (632-661CE) following the Prophets demise. The rest of the paper identifies significant lines of convergence between the Islamic system of rule and government under the rule of law and the basic postulates of a democracy. No direct analogies are proposed, only a comparative presentation and review of the juristic and historical evolution of Islamic political jurisprudence.
ADAPTIVE SIMULATION OF THE INTERNAL FLOW IN A ROCKET NOZZLE
Authors: GARELLI L. , RIOS RODRIGUEZ G. , PAZ R. , STORTI M.
Published: July 2021

This work is a first step in the understanding of the interaction process between internal shock waves and the flow transition inside of a rocket nozzle that develops during the engine start-up phase or when the nozzle is operated at overexpanded conditions. In many cases, this transition in the flow pattern produces side loads in the nozzle due to an asymmetric pressure distribution on the wall, being harmful for the rocket’s integrity. To understand this phenomenon, a numerical simulation is performed by solving the three-dimensional Euler equations on unstructured tetrahedral meshes. With this model the computational cost to solve the equations significantly increases, therefore parallel processing is required. Also, an unsteady h-adaptive refinement strategy is used jointly with a Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin and a discontinuity capturing scheme, both to keep the size of the fluid flow problem bounded and to sharply resolve the shock wave pattern. The mesh adaptation strategy is introduced. Since its performance is a major concern in the solution of unsteady flow problems, some implementation issues about the data structure chosen to represent the mesh are discussed. Average pressure distributions computed at the wall and the axis of the nozzle for various pressure ratios are analyzed based on experimental and numerical results from other authors.
KINETIC MODELING, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND COLOUR CHANGES OF MANGO PEELS DURING HOT AIR DRYING
Authors: SANT’ANNA V. , CASSINI A. S. , MARCZAK L.D. F. , TESSARO I. C.
Published: July 2021

In this work, drying of mango peels was kinetically investigated within temperature range of 40-100 ºC and the applicability of several models available in literature was statistically evaluated. Midilli’s model provided the best description of the kinetics of drying mango peels with constant drying rates (k-and b-values) varying from 0.0190 to 0.0399 min-n and from 0.000404 to 0.000903 min-1, respectively, in temperature range of 40-100 ºC. High concentration of total phenolic content was obtained when drying temperature was increased up to 80 ºC. Finally, the polyphenolic degradation could be accompanied by CIELB parameters related to the yellowness of the dried samples. Keywords   In this work, drying of mango peels was kinetically investigated within temperature range of 40-100 ºC and the applicability of several models available in literature was statistically evaluated. Midilli’s model provided the best description of the kinetics of drying mango peels with constant drying rates (k-and b-values) varying from 0.0190 to 0.0399 min-n and from 0.000404 to 0.000903 min-1, respectively, in temperature range of 40-100 ºC. High concentration of total phenolic content was obtained when drying temperature was increased up to 80 ºC. Finally, the polyphenolic degradation could be accompanied by CIELB parameters related to the yellowness of the dried samples.
ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS EXTRACTS BY USING HRP-BASED BIOSENSOR
Authors: MELLO L. D. , KUBOTA L. T.
Published: July 2021

Phenol compounds are the major constituents in vegetables and can be correlated to the antioxidant capacity of plants. Thus, the relationship between total antioxidant activity (TAA) and total phenol content of Ilex paraguariensis extracts were evaluated using a Horseradish peroxidase-based biosensor. Antioxidant activities of these extracts were investigated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. TAA of the investigated Ilex paraguariensis samples were well correlated to the phenol content, presenting correlation coefficients R  0.9. The measured antioxidant capacity expressed in terms of relative antioxidant capacity of tea and yerba mate of different origin were listed in relation to the 10 mmolL-1 Trolox solution. According to these observations the biosensor reading can be applied to determine the TAA of Ilex paraguariensis samples.
CHEMICAL AND EXTRACTIVES COMPATIBILITY OF EMPTY BUNCH FRUIT OF Elaeis guineensis, LEAVES OF Ananas cumosos AND TETRAPAK WITH WOOD USED IN PARTICLEBOARDS IN TROPICAL AREAS
Authors: MOYA R. , CAMACHO D. , SOTO R. , MATA-SEGREDA J. F. , VEGA-BAUDRIT J.
Published: July 2021

Tropical countries produce a great variety of lignocellulosic residues from small-area planted crops. Large amount of “Tetra Pak” package are also produced without any disposal treatment. In order to give solutions for waste management, residues must be incorporated in other processes, such as the manufacture of particleboards. The main objective of this work was to evaluate chemical compositions, extractives in different solvent, chemical characterization of extracts in polar and un-polar solvent utilizing infrared spectrum analysis. A second aim of this study was to test the compatibility between chemical composition and extractives of empty bunch fruit of Elaeis guineensis (BPF), the leaves of Ananas cumosos (PL) and “Tetra Pak” packages with three timber species (Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis and Cupressus lusitanica).. Results showed that cellulose, ashes and lignin content of BPF, PL and “Tetra Pak” differ from those of the woody species. Similar result was obtained for pH and for the amount of substances extracted with different solvents. Infrared spectrum of water (polar), and ethanol-toluene (un-polar) solutions showed that the greatest differences in extracts were found in BPF and PL, this in relation to the studied woody species. Finally, HCMA showed that residues from BPF and “Tetra Pak” packages are slightly different, considering chemical compositions and extract content, to other woody species used for particleboard manufacture. Moreover, PL has the least compatibility with the woody species.
SORPTION ISOTHERMS AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SEED FRUITS USED TO OBTAIN VEGETABLE OIL
Authors: SILVA K. S. , ROMERO J. T. , MAURO M. A.
Published: July 2021

Sorption isotherms of papaya, melon and grape seeds were determined and thermodynamic properties compared. The experiments were carried out at different temperature using the gravimetric method. The Henderson and GAB models were the best which represented the experimental data. Papaya and grape seeds are more stable with larger moisture content than melon seeds at 30°C. Grape seeds presented more resistance to lose water during the dehydration. The differential enthalpy and entropy decreased with increasing moisture content and satisfied the compensation theory. It was found that the sorption process investigated was enthalpy-driven.
PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF ZnAl2O4 SPINEL FOR PROCION RED DEGRADATION UNDER UV IRRADIATION
Authors: STRINGHINI F. M. , MAZUTTI M. A. , DOTTO G. L. , JAHN S. L. , CANCELIER A. , CHIAVONE-FILHO O. , FOLETTO E. L.
Published: July 2021

In this work, ZnAl2O4 spinel was used as photocatalyst for dye degradation in aqueous solutions under UV irradiation. This material was prepared by a route with chitosan as template. The effects of process variables, such as, initial dye concentration and photocatalyst concentration were investigated. Kinetic parameters were obtained and the reaction order was determined. The results revealed that both studied variables presented strong influence on the dye degradation efficiency, which attained 100% in some cases. It was found that the dye photocatalytic degradation under UV irradiation followed a first order kinetic behavior. The results indicated that ZnAl2O4 spinel can be used to treat dye containing effluents.
LIE GROUP ANALYSIS OF MHD NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER FLOW OF A CASSON FLUID OVER AN INCLINED SURFACE WITH CHEMICAL REACTION
Authors: MAHDY A.
Published: July 2021

Natural convective heat and mass transfer of a non-Newtonian fluid over an inclined surface with uniform magnetic field and chemical reaction has been investigated numerically. The Casson fluid model is used to characterize the nonNewtonian fluid behavior and the first order of chemical reaction is considered. Lie group analysis is employed to obtain the symmetries of the governing system of partial differential equations and they reduce them to a system of ordinary differential equations via scaling transformation. Numerical computations have been carried out using the fourth order Runge–Kutta scheme with shooting techniques with a systematic guessing values of F1´(0), F3´ and F4´(0). The procedure is repeated until we get the results up to the desired degree of accuracy, namely 10-5 .
ASCORBIC ACID DEGRADATION KINETIC FOR MICROWAVE DRIED BASIL, PURSLANE AND CELERY LEAVES
Authors: DEMİRHAN E. , AKPINAR Z. , APAR D. K. , ÖZBEK B.
Published: July 2021

In this study, the goal was to evaluate the ascorbic acid degradation in basil, purslane and celery leaves during microwave drying. The effects of microwave output power and sample amount on ascorbic acid loss in basil, purslane and celery leaves were investigated. The method for the determination of ascorbic acid content was based on the reaction between ascorbic acid and 2,6-dichloroindophenol and was successfully applied to basil, purslane and celery leaves. Increasing microwave output power and decreasing sample amount led to higher degradation rates in basil, purslane and celery leaves. Ascorbic acid degradation kinetics in basil, purslane and celery leaves during microwave drying followed a first-order reaction. The activation energy values were also calculated using an exponential expression based on Arrhenius equation for degradation of ascorbic acid.
MULTI-OBJECTIVE RECONFIGURATION OF A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM INCLUDING PROBABILISTIC LOADS AND DISTRIBUTED GENERATIONS
Authors: GHANDEHARI E. , SALLEALA-NAEENI E. , SHOJAEIAN S.
Published: July 2021

The present study suggests a method to reconfigure a 13-bus distribution system which includes probabilistic loads (PLs) and Distributed Generations (DGs). Reconfiguration is a specific process to determine the best configuration of networks. It is usually assumed that loads are constant, while we know that they have probabilistic nature and change regularly, the above mentioned facts were taken into account in the current study. Considering that 3 DGs (wind farms) have been added to the distribution system, the generation is also probabilistic depending on weather change. The “Sifting Algorithm” has been used for reconfiguration because it has a high accuracy and significant speed. The proposed method is simulated on a well-known distribution network. The achieved results were highly satisfactory and applicable.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW PYRAZOLO QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: BALUJA S. , MENPARA D. , CHANDA S. , NANDHA K.
Published: July 2021

Pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolines are known to be versatile heterocyclic compounds with different biological properties because of a large number of derivatives with different structural modifications. Therefore, some new Pyrazolo quinazoline heterocycles were synthesized from chalcones and their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral data. All these synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial potential against Gram positive, Gram negative strains of bacteria as well as fungal strains in dimethylsulfoxide. Among the screened compounds, KC-10 showed the most potent antimicrobial activity. None of the compound shows antifungal activity. This may be due to the fact that fungal cells are complex organisms as compared to bacterial cell. Furthermore, the presence of S-CH3 group in the synthesized compounds may cause inactive behavior of these compounds against the studied fungal strains.
MHD OSCILLATORY COUETTE FLOW OF DUSTY FLUID IN A CHANNEL FILLED WITH A POROUS MEDIUM WITH RADIATIVE HEAT AND BUOYANCY FORCE
Authors: PRAKASH O. , MAKINDE O. D.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we investigate oscillatory Couette flow of an incompressible, conducting, viscous dusty fluid with non-conducting dust particles through a vertical channel filled with a saturated porous medium in presence of uniform magnetic field and radiative heat transfer. It is assumed that left wall of the channel is fixed while the right wall oscillates as it moves at time t > 0. The coupled partial differential equations governing the problem are solved via (approximate) perturbation techniques for temperature, velocity as well as skin friction for both dusty fluid and dust particles. The effects of radiation parameter N, volume fraction, porous parameter, on temperature, velocity, skin friction and wall heat transfer rate are displayed graphically and discussed qualitatively.
EVALUATION OF POLYMER RESINS AND FILMS FORMED BY LEATHER FINISHING
Authors: WINTER C. , SCHULTZ M. E. R. , GUTTERRES M.
Published: July 2021

The final appearance and technical features of leather are determined by the finishing stages of leather processing, which comprise a range of operations and treatments. It is desirable to reduce or mitigate the existing defects in the original hide, to modify the surface properties of the leather and to improve leather properties under conditions of use. In the final stages of leather processing, many products are applied to form a protective coating. These coatings include resins such as polyacrylates, polyurethanes and casein. In this context, this work aims to describe aspects of the films formed with commercial polymeric resins used industrially in leather finishing. A methodology is proposed for characterizing the properties of polymeric film layers and their correlation with the material composition, through a parameter survey and physical tests.
SOLUTION STATE AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES ON BINARY COMPLEXES OF THE TH(IV) WITH SOME HYDROXY ACIDS
Authors: SHARMA SANGITA , JOSHI K. M.
Published: July 2021

A Solution state study on complexation behavior of Th(IV) with hydroxy acids (malic acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid and mandelic acid) has been carried out using the Irving–Rossotti titration technique in aqueous media and mixed media at different temperatures and ionic strengths. The dissociation constant and stability constants (logβ) of the resulting complexes have been calculated with the Fortran IV program BEST using the method of least squares and considering the BESTFIT model. Species distribution curves of complexes have been plotted as function of pH using the SPEPLOT Fortran IV program to visualize various species in equilibrium in the pH range 2–14. Thermodynamic properties were calculated and negative ∆G, ∆H and ∆S values indicated that complex formation is a spontaneous and exothermic process at these temperatures. To understand more about these equilibriums, the stability of these complexes was studied in presence of various systemic errors.
A NEW REFINED THEORY OF PLATES WITH TRANSVERSE SHEAR DEFORMATION FOR MODERATELY THICK AND THICK PLATES
Authors: MARTÍNEZ VALLE J. M.
Published: July 2021

In this paper we propose a new refined shear deformation plate theory which possesses a series of desirable features, the most salient of which are as follows: (1) loads, which are generally applied on the middle surface of the plate, act on the upper surface of the plate; (2) equations applicable to the calculation of the stresses in isotropic plates which provide the same order of accuracy as several theories with second-order shear deformation effects; (3) a theory, in the classical sense defined, since it gives easy expressions for application to problems in different fields in architecture and civil engineering.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN N-WORKING STAGES LOT SIZE MODEL CONSIDERING SEVERAL PRODUCTIVE AND LOGISTICS ISSUES AND ITS RESOLUTION BY NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING
Authors: VALENCIA J. E. , LAMBAN M. P. , ROYO J. A. , ESCAMILLA A. I. , CAN M. A.
Published: July 2021

Since the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model was proposed by Taft almost a century ago, different authors have developed new models to obtain optimal lot size values closer to real ones. Even so, there is still much research to do in this field, mainly in taking into account not only productive but logistics costs when determining the optimal lot size. To fill this gap, the model proposed in this work considers several logistics and productive issues, while goes further by incorporating the possibility of working in n stages, idea almost not taken into account in previous works. Even more, the possibility of working with constraints – a main characteristic of real productive processes – is also considered. Finally, and as an additional contribution, a nonlinear programming that solves the proposed model – and how to face such programming with MS Excel® – is also detailed.
STUDY OF THE VIBRATIONS OF MODERATELY THICK DOUBLY CURVED SHELLS VIA EFFICIENT 3D ELEMENTS
Authors: MARTÍNEZ VALLE J. M. , REDEL MACÍAS M. D. , CUBERO ATIENZA A.
Published: July 2021

In this work, we propose a modified version of the classical 20 nodes serendipity element for the dynamic analysis of doubly curved shells. Instead of using the classical strain displacements relations, we propose to formulate the strain displacements relations in a general curvilinear coordinates. The main goal of the work is putting forward a 3D element, valid for general shell structures, which provides some desirable features like avoidance of locking and zero energy modes with decreasing thickness and good behaviour in dynamic analysis. Until now, most works are usually referred to shallow and thin shells. In this work the study of the vibrational frequencies of transverse oscillations of moderately thick shells by 3D elements for non shallow shells has been treated. We expose also different kinds of mass matrices and study a close variant of the classical lumped mass matrix.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING THE GRAETZ PROBLEM: THE ORTHOGONAL COLLOCATION AND CRANK-NICHOLSON METHODS
Authors: BELHOCINE A. , ABDULLAH O. I.
Published: July 2021

The present set of themes related to the investigations of heat transfer by convection and the transport phenomenon in a cylindrical pipe in laminar flow, commonly called the Graetz Problem, which is to explore the evolution of the temperature profile for a fluid flow in fully developed laminar flow. A numerical method was developed in this work, for visualization of the temperature profile in the fluid flow, whose strategy of calculation is based on the orthogonal collocation method followed by the finite difference method (Crank-Nicholson method). The calculations were effected through a FORTRAN computer program, and the results show that the orthogonal collocation method gives better results than the Crank-Nicholson method. The results of the present work concerning the variation of the dimensionless temperature with the axial distance for the two cases are compared with the available known results to support its accuracy.
EVALUATION OF A COUPLED SYSTEM USING A NANOMATERIAL Fe-DOPED TiO2 AND A SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR) TO DEGRADE AZO DYES
Authors: VARGAS X. M. , MARIN J. M. , RESTREPO G.
Published: July 2021

A coupled system comprising a photoreactor combined with a sequential batch bioreactor (SBR) was evaluated for the degradation of a Cibacron Yellow LS-R commercial dye. The photoreactor was evaluated by comparing synthesized 0.1% Fedoped TiO2 with titanium dioxide P-25. The photoreactor demonstrated satisfactory performance in color and DOC removal of 94.5% and 37.6%, respectively. These results were only slightly inferior to those obtained using the commercially available catalyst TiO2 P-25 over six hours of operation. The photoreactor increased the dye biodegradability from 0.1 to 0.47 over four hours of phototreatment with the synthesized 0.1% Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalyst. The coupled system completed the dye degradation in 34 hours, reaching a mineralization level of 70%, measured as COD. These results are remarkable, considering that the biological process as a single treatment did not lead to dye removal.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF PUMPKIN SEEDS IN AN INFRARED DRYER
Authors: DOYMAZ I.
Published: July 2021

In this study, drying and rehydration characteristics of pumpkin seeds have been investigated by using infrared technique. The pumpkin seeds dried at 83, 104, 125, 146 and 167 W infrared power levels. An increase in the infrared power resulted in a significant reduction in the drying time. Six thin-layer drying models were applied to describe the drying kinetics. The results indicated that the Midilli et al. model was the best model to characterize the drying kinetics of pumpkin seeds. The moisture effective diffusivity calculated from the second Fick’s law of diffusion ranged from 8.39×10−10 m2/s to 2.55×10−9 m2/s, and increased with the increase in infrared power. The value of activation energy determined from the slope of the Arrhenius plot, ln(Deff) versus m/p, was calculated as 4.63 kW/kg.
DECISION MAKING IN A LEMON PROCESSING PLANT USING DATA RECONCILIATION
Authors: MACIEL D. C. , INGARAMO A. P. , PEREZ S. M. , HELUANE H.
Published: July 2021

Argentina is one of the largest producers of citrus fruit and Tucuman is the principal producer of lemons worldwide. The lemon agro industrial complex of Tucuman has reached a high degree of competitiveness. In fact, large quantities of fruit and of industrial derivatives are produced in that province, which are placed mainly on the demanding international market. Data reconciliation and gross error detection were performed on a lemon processing plant. The results of the reconciliation allowed the detection of malfunctioning of certain instruments. Data reconciliation was used to compare two different configurations of the manufacturing process, and also allowed to detect a better variable values acquisition system by reallocating the existing instruments and incorporating new ones to the system.
CLOSED-FORM FORMULAE FOR THE KIRCHHOFF TRANSFORMATION ASSUMING A PIECEWISE CONSTANT TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Authors: GAMA R.M. S.
Published: July 2021

In this work it is presented a general approach for dealing with problems involving temperature-dependent thermal conductivities in an easy, general, reliable and mathematically convenient way.
INFLUENCE OF VOC EMISSIONS ON GLOBAL WARMING. MITIGATION OF THEIR IMPACT USING CERAMIC MONOLITHS SUPPORTED Pt, Mn AND Ce CATALYSTS AT PILOT SCALE
Authors: COLMAN LERNER J. E. , PELUSO M. A. , CAMPESI M. A. , THOMAS H. J. , PORTA A. A. , SAMBETH J. E.
Published: July 2021

The removal of a mixture of volatile organic compounds (CHCl3, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene and xylenes), was evaluated by adapting a commercial exhaust fan with a catalytic system applicable to small and medium enterprises. The catalysts used were Pt, Mn, Ce, Pt/Mn and Ce/Mn supported on ceramic monoliths. It was observed that all catalysts tested were able to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. The CO2 equivalent emission of VOCs into the atmosphere (with and without treatment) was determined taking into account the power consumption of the exhaust system + catalyst, being observed for all catalysts tested a reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions. When a heat exchanger is attached to the exhaust system + catalyst to reduce power consumption, the emission of CO2 equivalent decreases appreciably in the order of 24.8%–45.3% compared to untreated emissions.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING ON THE OPTIMAL INVENTORY POLICY FOR DETERIORATING PRODUCTS
Authors: HEMMATI A. , AFSHAR-NADJAFI B.
Published: July 2021

In this paper a deterministic inventory model is proposed to deal with deteriorating products. In the developed model the raw product deteriorates with a fixed rate, while processing the product prevents it from more deteriorating and safeguards it to conserve for a longer duration. In this problem, the raw product and the processed product have their own demand rate in a retailing system. However, when the inventory of the raw product depletes, a deterministic fraction of its consumers switch to the processed product. The mathematical formulation of the problem is developed to attain the optimal processing time of the raw product before it be stocked out which this results to a secondary processed product with acceptable quality. Concavity conditions for the annual total profit is derived and the optimal policy is suggested. Finally, the sensitivity of all parameters of the model and their impact on the optimal solution is analyzed.
Фінансово-економічні механізми та інструменти регіонального і місцевого управління: європейські практики реформування
Authors: О.М. Коваль , У.М. Порайко
Published: July 2021

У статті досліджено сучасний стан і процес формування фінансовоекономічних механізмів регіонального та місцевого управління. Розкриті теоретичні засади сучасного етапу процесу децентралізації владних повноважень як
об’єкту публічного управління за сучасних умов реформування системи державного та регіонального управління в Україні. Запропоновані наукові положення
теоретичного обґрунтування ролі фінансово-економічних механізмів регіонального та місцевого управління в формуванні спроможних об`єднаних територіальних
громад в Україні та надати певний європейський досвід у цьому контексті.
Встановлено, що з позиції науки державного управління, глибокі ринкові зміни
в національному господарюванні вимагають оновлення фінансово-економічних механізмів, окремих інструментів публічного управління та адміністрування з метою
забезпечення управління на місцевому рівні.
Доведені подальші напрями процесу децентралізації та відведено певні підсумки перших етапів впровадження процесу передачі влади в систему місцевого
управління за умов використання європейських практик реалізації механізмів
взаємодії на рівні громади, зокрема суттєвого оновлення фінансово-економічних
механізмів в сфері державного управління та місцевого самоврядування.
Three-Dimensional Pharmacophore Modeling of Betulonic Acid Derivatives as a Strong Inhibitor of Human Coronavirus-229E Replication
Authors: Kadu Nilesh S. , Ingle Atul V.
Published: July 2021

These-days, pharmacophore approaches have become one of the foremost tools in drug discovery after the past century’s development. Numerous ligand-based and structure-based strategies are developed for improved pharmacophore modeling with success and extensively applied in virtual screening, de novo design and lead improvement. Till now, there is little information on 3D-pharmacophore studies of 1,2,3-triazolo-fused betulonic acid derivatives as a strong inhibitor for human coronavirus-229E replication. Here, we tend to report the appliance of pharmacophore modeling for betulonic acid derivatives as an inhibitor. This study has been undertaken to realize intuitions into molecular mechanisms and structural necessities crucial for potential inhibition of betulonic acid derivatives. The standard procedure was adapted to develop the pharmacophoric models. It is found that the pharmacophore model of active betulonic acid derivative (compound 5h) unveils the importance of five- and six-member aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon moiety, aromatic ring, –OH group of carboxylic acid, five-member heterocyclic rings (triazolo) and aliphatic alkene group and their correlation with the biological activity. It may be helpful within the design of novel betulonic acid derivatives inhibitors for human coronavirus-229E replication.

Keywords: Pharmacophore Model, Antiviral activity, HCoV-229E replication, Betulonic acid derivatives, nsp15.
Zarathustra’s Philosafari
Authors: Traisnel Antoine
Published: July 2021

This essay imagines Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra as a zoological excursion that maps a series of human-animal encounters in which the human is but one species among others. Zarathustra is the reader’s guide for this “philosafari,” as he appears to be an incarnation of “the acknowledging one [who] goes among men as among animals.” By seeing the human – but also the animal – as animal, Zarathustra proposes a revaluation of the epistemic pretensions of the human gaze. It is through spectatorial distance, I argue, that Nietzsche moderates the difficult relations between the humans and their animal relatives.
Herding Community
Authors: McKinnon Ann Marie
Published: July 2021

The Icelandic horse in the film Of Horses and Men is an individual understood on the basis of what it does, a biosocial becoming in a specific geography, society, and historical moment. The horse is a film actor and an agent and, seen through the visual repetition of the gaze of the horse in the film, offers a clear example of entangled agencies -- a herd of human and non-human animals -- that co-create their Icelandic home. This creaturely gaze emphasizes the relations between human and animal, undoes the conventional anthropocentric bias of the gaze in cinema, and informs an ethics that relies on the materiality and vulnerability of all living bodies.
Horror and the Posthuman
Authors: Hinds Janie
Published: July 2021

“Horror and the Posthuman” offers a reading of The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym (1838) alongside a reading of critical animal studies that considers nonhumans as capable of not only being the object of ethical practice but also as the subject, as beings that initiate ethical encounters, thereby inhabiting and co-creating a moral world.  The gothic extremes in Pym, often accompanied by animals produce an ethical point of view which creates, for both the title character and the reader, the nauseating unsettling of “the human” that accompanies horror.  The nonhuman animal  presence in this novel works, further, to unsettle the foundational expectations of narrative, thus providing a model for the decentering of the human and the humanism subtending its era.
Gavin Van Horn, The Way of Coyote: Shared Journeys in the Urban Wilds
Authors: Gigliotti Carol
Published: July 2021

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The Melancholic Animal — On Depression and Animality
Authors: Meijer Eva
Published: July 2021

The phenomenon of depression fundamentally challenges common western ideas about what it means to be human, such as Cartesian distinctions between body and mind, and existing notions of rationality, autonomy and agency. Like madness more generally, melancholy and depression are historically shaped constructions, which interconnect at several points with constructions of animality. Focusing on these connections is helpful for rethinking depression in the human case, and for understanding nonhuman animal depression. Other animals are often neglected in studies of depression, even though they may from it too and human and animal depressions are often related, symbolically and practices. Examining the psycho-geographical dimensions of depression in connection to animality can contribute to a different discourse, aimed at interspecies healing.
Human-Bison Relations as Sites of Settler Colonial Violence and Decolonial Resurgence
Authors: Taschereau Mamers Danielle
Published: July 2021

The near extinction of bison from the North American prairie in the late 19th century made possible the settler colonization of the region and was a devastating rupture in Indigenous lifeways. Settler and Indigenous responses to this extermination reveal, at their core, differing conceptions of human-animal relations. This article analyzes settler and Indigenous narratives of bison extermination and then compares two contemporary conservation policies: the Vermejo Statement’s (2006) ecological recovery model and the Buffalo Treaty’s (2014) decolonial vision for bison restoration. Reading bison extermination and conservation through Indigenous scholarship clarifies how the historical horror of settler colonization has always been a multispecies endeavor. Through an analysis of historical narratives of bison extermination and contemporary bison restoration policies, this article argues that decolonization and conservation require multispecies approaches that take expansive views of human-animal relations. This is a project to which Indigenous thought contributes essential theoretical and methodological tools.
Becoming Avian in the Anthropocene
Authors: Koons Ryan A.
Published: July 2021

Scholars have argued about the Anthropocene for over two decades. This proposed geologic period broadly references the globally destructive force that is human activity. Although some scholars have proposed diverse names and start dates for the era, it is clear that human agency has negatively affected the longevity of the planet, and that colonialism continues to be bound up in Anthropocenic realities. This entanglement of colonialism and the Anthropocene speaks to the vital need for decolonization. Among others, the decolonization process requires the repatriation of Indigenous lands, Indigenous resurgence, and the recognition and practice of Indigenous relations to land and the "nonhuman kin" such as animals and plants who co-constitute that land. This article focuses on how members of the Tvlwv Pvlvcekolv American Indian community use ritual music and dance to develop and renew relationships with their non-human kin. It focuses on two case studies from Pvlvcekolv's annual "busk" ritual cycle: the Feather Dance and the Owl Dance. Theorizing a term coined by philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, these sung dances facilitate humans "becoming with" birds in processes of multispecies communication, accommodation, and empathy. As practiced at Pvlvcekolv, "becoming" functions as a potential route out of the colonized Anthropocene.
Fuzzy Bounds
Authors: Hansen Paul
Published: July 2021

Working on topics where the object of study routinely transgresses what are assumed to be the normative physical and affective boundaries of non-human and human, the concept of “network” and the marker “animal” have proven to be both essential and problematic.  They are especially problematic when one conducts research that is largely rooted in anthropological ethnography; a mode of inquiry dependent not only upon the observation of lives, but on long-term participation in and with those lives. In short, to do anthropological ethnography is it is to live it and to focus on the micro level of interaction first and foremost. This paper argues for the utility of conceptualizing the historical and particular over the timeless and bracketed; re-thinking networks as Ingoldian “meshworks” and not referring to agents or “actants” by abstract categories but through accounting for their specific, historically situated and developed capacities, embodiments and potentials.
How to Fuck a Kraken
Authors: Van Engen Dagmar
Published: July 2021

Recent theories in posthumanism and animal studies have shown how race, gender, and sexuality help constitute the boundaries of the human and the animal as such. This essay argues that vertebrate land animals have most frequently formed the basis for racialized human-animal comparisons and the gender-sexual paradigms that underwrite them, and proposes instead a turn to invertebrate sea animals. In speculative fiction, these alien creatures offer a more complex interface for the racialized gender and sexual registers of human-animal imaginaries. In particular, erotic monster fiction by Alice Xavier recasts the meaning of animality as a figure of the erotic by transforming octopi and anemones into nonbinary-gendered objects of human desire. If animality is a crucial figure for how humans imagine animals in order to reimagine ourselves, then Alien Seed’s fantasies about invertebrate animals create more space for trans and nonbinary genders in ways deeply entangled with the nonhuman world.
Animals in Contemporary Architecture and Design
Authors: Wolch Jennifer , Owens Marcus
Published: July 2021

What are animals doing in design? How do designers see, care for, and use animals? In this paper we analyze an array of design projects featuring animals, identifying intersections between human-animal studies (HAS) and design studies, and discussing the broader social significance of the figure of the animal or animality in design. First, we review the literature at this convergence between these two fields. Next, we discuss the results of our snowball survey of animal design projects across several prominent design blogs. We consider the distribution of attention designers delegate to certain animals, the standardization of certain animal designs, and which designs circulate in the design public sphere, revealing cultural blind spots and biases of designers. Finally, this paper asks how animal design tactics highlight broader social transformations related to the mobilization of perception, behavior and desire as technical practices with functional outcomes. This paper argues that the study of design as a hybrid aesthetic and technical practice yields unique insights both into studies of technics and technology as well as human-animal relations. This paper proposes such a view helps frame both studies of design as well as human relations with nonhuman animals more broadly.
The Bio-Politics of Bees
Authors: Nimmo Richie
Published: July 2021

Everywhere, honeybees and other insect pollinators are dwindling and dying, in a slowly but relentlessly unfolding crisis that has come to be known as “Colony Collapse Disorder.” This article draws upon theoretical currents from animal studies, environmental sociology and ecofeminism in order to explore the aetiology and significance of this crisis, an animal-techno-ecological assemblage of forbidding complexity and intense controversy. It is argued that the critical animal studies concept of the “animal-industrial complex” offers a potentially fruitful framework for grasping CCD, but that it ultimately rests upon notions of nonhuman animal subjectivity and objectification which do not translate persuasively to eusocial invertebrates such as honeybees. The article therefore develops a bio-political reading of the animal-industrial complex which reworks its conceptual underpinnings such as to render coherent the notion of an “apis-industrial complex.” This bio-political approach is articulated through a critical discussion of the relationship between the industrial organization of agricultural production and the vital materiality of complex living systems.
Thinking with Horses
Authors: Irvine Robin
Published: July 2021

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in post-socialist Eastern Mongolia, this article aims to acquaint the reader with a series of different ways and forms in which horses come to be present in and around a Barga Mongol household. Situating this article in the context of recent transformations in how animals are deployed and thought of in human-animal scholarship, I focus on how horses emerge as both object-like and person-like entities in their relations with a young man and his family. I do this in order to highlight the role theoretical presuppositions play in making particular kinds of animals visible in the field. Through an engagement with horses, bits of horses, herds, types, equipment, breeding lineages, photos, and local literature; I ask whether animal-centred scholars might strive for “trans-paradigmatic” and open-ended ethnography that allows animals to emerge in a plurality of forms without assuming a priori what those forms are. The article is loosely structured around a succession of moments in the training trajectory of one young dun horse.
Living with Transgenic Animals
Authors: Clark Jonathan L.
Published: July 2021

This article examines Farm Sanctuary’s failed effort to save the Enviropigs. In the Spring of 2012, after losing the main source of funding for its Enviropig project, the University of Guelph, in Ontario, Canada, killed the last sixteen members of this line of transgenic pigs, despite Farm Sanctuary’s offer to place them in permanent homes. The university claimed that transferring the pigs to a sanctuary would have violated laws and policies governing the disposition of transgenic laboratory animals. Through a detailed account of this case, this paper reflects on what it means to create a subcategory of laboratory animals who are categorically ineligible for life after the laboratory.
Animal Viewpoints in the Contact Zone of Adam Hines’s Duncan the Wonder Dog
Authors: Gordon Joan
Published: July 2021

Duncan the Wonder Dog by Adam Hines is an autoethnographic text about the contact zone, as Mary Louise Pratt describes both terms. I will be using this method of postcolonial analysis not to show how the graphic novel allegorizes postcolonialism among human beings, but instead to demonstrate how postcolonialism offers useful tools for understanding the posthumanism of animal subjectivity. After placing Hines’s graphic novel within the range of graphic novels using animal viewpoints, I will analyze how both text and illustrations of Duncan the Wonder Dog negotiate the great difficulties of presenting animal viewpoints, at once acknowledging and contesting the inevitability of such presentations as anthropomorphic. Pratt’s contact zone emphasizes the importance of pictorial communication in the contact zone to overcome problems of transmission using a variety of pictorial styles, and thus the range of scholarship on picturing animals, from John Berger  to Eileen Crist, will be a crucial part of my examination.
Obesity and Depression: Could some shared genes explain the relationship?
Authors: Yonis Nouran , Sayed Moustafa
Published: July 2021

Objective This review will focus on serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLP), Na/K ATPase isoforms, Fat-mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) and mTOR signaling pathway. Methods PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar database was the primary source to search with relevant key words. The search included all English-language papers published since 1974. Results Across the studies analyzed in this review, the association between obesity and depression is still controversial. With some emerging data pointing at a clear relationship between the two, however, others may claim the opposite. Starting with metabolism and nutrients uptake and moving to energy production, it seems that sodium pump and its different isoforms could be a partner with serotonin whether it leads to alteration in BMI or fluctuation in mood and behavior. The rising role of FTO in both obesity and depression with the exciting data that shows how mTOR pathway could be regulating its function, sodium pump once again could have a role in this play. Conclusion To sum up, it is still not clear how these three genes could be connected to each other, but looks like they deserve more focus in future research endeavors.
Pulmonary Aerosolized Formulation or Nasal Drops containing Recombinant Human Angiotensin converting Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) as a Potential Therapy against COVID-19
Authors: Ayoub Amjad , Fatima Nishat , Kaushik Vichitra
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 infection and associated severe respiratory distress and mortality have raised public health concerns worldwide. The membrane bound angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is present on various tissues, including the pulmonary epithelium, and is the cellular receptor for the binding of SARS-CoV2. Rapid designing, production, and testing of soluble ACE2-like peptide are highly recommended. We conducted an extensive literature review of COVID-19 and soluble recombinant human (rhACE2). Several reports have indicated the beneficial effect of recombinant human ACE2. In the present work, we explore the blocking action of soluble ACE2 against the spike S protein of SARS-CoV-2 virion in the lungs. We propose localized delivery of soluble ACE2 to the lungs, via aerosolized formulation or nasal drops, due to the limitations of parenteral administration of available bioactive proteins. Based on available literature, we suggest novel aerosolized pulmonary delivery or nasal drops containing soluble recombinant human ACE2- like peptide for therapy or as a prophylactic measure against COVID-19.
Research of Neural Network Learning Rate Control Methods for the Automatic Signal Type Recognition
Authors: Grigoryan T. A.
Published: July 2021

A neural network with dynamic parameters and algorithms for the learning rate hyperparameter control has been developed in the LabVIEW software environment in order to increase the efficiency of the signal type recognition algorithm and reduce the network training time. The learning rate hyperparameter control methods testing results are presented. As a result, the most effective method for this task was selected.