bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal Quantum Memory and Non-Locality of Two Trapped Ions under the Effect of the Intrinsic Decoherence: Entropic Uncertainty, Trace Norm Nonlocality and Entanglement
Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Baset A. , Rahman Atta Ur , Eleuch Hichem
Published: March 2022

The engineering properties of trapped ions and their capacity to engender numerous quantum information resources determine many aspects of quantum information processing. We devise a setup of coherent and even coherent fields acting on two trapped ions to generate quantum memory, non-locality, and entanglement. Various effects, such as intrinsic decoherence, Lamb–Dicke regime, and dipole–dipole interaction are investigated. The inter-coupling of trapped ions, as well as the generation and dynamics of correlations between them, are analyzed. Using quantum memory assisted entropic uncertainty, trace-norm measurement induced non-locality, and concurrence, we find that the coherent and even coherent fields successfully generate non-local correlations in trapped-ions, with the latter being more resourceful for the dynamics and preservation of the non-local correlations. Furthermore, we observe that the entropic uncertainty and the trace norm induced non-locality present symmetrical dynamics. The dipole–dipole interaction improves correlation’s generation, robustness, and entropic uncertainty suppression.
Properties of a Subclass of Analytic Functions Defined by Using an Atangana–Baleanu Fractional Integral Operator
Authors: Alb Lupaş Alina , Cătaş Adriana
Published: March 2022

The Atangana–Baleanu fractional integral and multiplier transformations are two functions successfully used separately in many recently published studies. They were previously combined and the resulting function was applied for obtaining interesting new results concerning the theories of differential subordination and fuzzy differential subordination. In the present investigation, a new approach is taken by using the operator previously introduced by applying the Atangana–Baleanu fractional integral to a multiplier transformation for introducing a new subclass of analytic functions. Using the methods familiar to geometric function theory, certain geometrical properties of the newly introduced class are obtained such as coefficient estimates, distortion theorems, closure theorems, neighborhoods and the radii of starlikeness, convexity, and close-to-convexity of functions belonging to the class. This class may have symmetric or assymetric properties. The results could prove interesting for future studies due to the new applications of the operator and because the univalence properties of the new subclass of functions could inspire further investigations having it as the main focus.
Shaking Table Tests and Simulations of Grouting Sleeve Connecting Prefabricated Bridge Piers
Authors: Yang Meng , Jia Yanmin , Liang Dongwei
Published: March 2022

To investigate the seismic performance of prefabricated piers with a grouting sleeve connection, two scaled model specimens of symmetrical prefabricated piers with different reinforcement anchorage lengths, and two cast-in-place (CIP) comparison symmetrical specimens, were designed and manufactured. The fabricated specimens were connected by a grouting sleeve, which was in the column of the pier. The height of the pier column of the test piece was 1.425 m, the diameter of the pier column was 0.25 m, and the size of the bearing platform was 0.85 m × 0.85 m × 0.5 m. Shake table tests were performed on the specimens to evaluate crack development, dynamic characteristics, acceleration response and relative displacement of the pier tops, as well as strain in the plastic hinge area. The results revealed the dominant failure mode of the test piers was bending failure, while the cracks were generally horizontal through-cracks. The failure location of the prefabricated specimens with the grouting sleeve was concentrated within one diameter of the pier in the upper sleeve region. Compared with the CIP specimens, the plastic hinge exhibited an obvious upward movement. Under a maximum test loading condition, the peak acceleration at the pier top of the fabricated pier was 11.0% smaller than that of the CIP specimen, the peak relative displacement was 34.2% smaller than that of the CIP specimen, and the peak tensile strain of the pier body was 46.8% smaller. The seismic performance of the prefabricated pier connected via the grouting sleeves was barely affected by changing the anchoring length of the reinforcements in the grouting sleeves. An ABAQUS finite element model was established for the specimens, with good agreement between the model and experimental results. When the seismic load was 0.65 g, the difference between the peak acceleration of the pier top in the X direction and the Y direction of the numerical simulation and the experimental data was less than 15%.
A Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation Method for Blast-Hole Detection
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Deng Honggui , Liu Yang , Xu Qiguo , Liu Gang
Published: March 2022

The goal of blast-hole detection is to help place charge explosives into blast-holes. This process is full of challenges, because it requires the ability to extract sample features in complex environments, and to detect a wide variety of blast-holes. Detection techniques based on deep learning with RGB-D semantic segmentation have emerged in recent years of research and achieved good results. However, implementing semantic segmentation based on deep learning usually requires a large amount of labeled data, which creates a large burden on the production of the dataset. To address the dilemma that there is very little training data available for explosive charging equipment to detect blast-holes, this paper extends the core idea of semi-supervised learning to RGB-D semantic segmentation, and devises an ERF-AC-PSPNet model based on a symmetric encoder–decoder structure. The model adds a residual connection layer and a dilated convolution layer for down-sampling, followed by an attention complementary module to acquire the feature maps, and uses a pyramid scene parsing network to achieve hole segmentation during decoding. A new semi-supervised learning method, based on pseudo-labeling and self-training, is proposed, to train the model for intelligent detection of blast-holes. The designed pseudo-labeling is based on the HOG algorithm and depth data, and proved to have good results in experiments. To verify the validity of the method, we carried out experiments on the images of blast-holes collected at a mine site. Compared to the previous segmentation methods, our method is less dependent on the labeled data and achieved IoU of 0.810, 0.867, 0.923, and 0.945, at labeling ratios of 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, and 1.
Material Design for Enhancing Properties of 3D Printed Polymer Composites for Target Applications
Authors: Shinde Vinita V. , Wang Yuyang , Salek Md Fahim , Auad Maria L. , Beckingham Lauren E. , Beckingham Bryan S.
Published: March 2022

Polymer composites are becoming an important class of materials for a diversified range of industrial applications due to their unique characteristics and natural and synthetic reinforcements. Traditional methods of polymer composite fabrication require machining, manual labor, and increased costs. Therefore, 3D printing technologies have come to the forefront of scientific, industrial, and public attention for customized manufacturing of composite parts having a high degree of control over design, processing parameters, and time. However, poor interfacial adhesion between 3D printed layers can lead to material failure, and therefore, researchers are trying to improve material functionality and extend material lifetime with the addition of reinforcements and self-healing capability. This review provides insights on different materials used for 3D printing of polymer composites to enhance mechanical properties and improve service life of polymer materials. Moreover, 3D printing of flexible energy-storage devices (FESD), including batteries, supercapacitors, and soft robotics using soft materials (polymers), is discussed as well as the application of 3D printing as a platform for bioengineering and earth science applications by using a variety of polymer materials, all of which have great potential for improving future conditions for humanity and planet Earth.
Potentially Toxic Elements in Urban Soils from Public-Access Areas in the Rapidly Growing Megacity of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Famuyiwa Abimbola O. , Davidson Christine M. , Ande Sesugh , Oyeyiola Aderonke O.
Published: March 2022

Rapid urbanization can lead to significant environmental contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). This is of concern because PTEs are accumulative, persistent, and can have detrimental effects on human health. Urban soil samples were obtained from parks, ornamental gardens, roadsides, railway terminals and locations close to industrial estates and dumpsites within the Lagos metropolis. Chromium, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following sample digestion with aqua regia and application of the BCR sequential extraction procedure. A wide range of analyte concentrations was found—Cr, 19–1830 mg/kg; Cu, 8–11,700 mg/kg; Fe, 7460–166,000 mg/kg; Mn, 135–6100 mg/kg; Ni, 4–1050 mg/kg; Pb, 10–4340 mg/kg; and Zn, 61–5620 mg/kg—with high levels in areas close to industrial plants and dumpsites. The proportions of analytes released in the first three steps of the sequential extraction were Fe (16%) < Cr (30%) < Ni (46%) < Mn (63%) < Cu (78%) < Zn (80%) < Pb (84%), indicating that there is considerable scope for PTE (re)mobilization. Human health risk assessment indicated non-carcinogenic risk for children and carcinogenic risk for both children and adults. Further monitoring of PTE in the Lagos urban environment is therefore recommended.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy by Medication Possession Ratio and Virological Suppression among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Amour Maryam , Sangeda Raphael Z. , Kidenya Benson , Balandya Emmanuel , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Machumi Lameck , Rugarabamu Angelica , Aris Eric , Njiro Belinda J. , Ndumwa Harrieth P. , Lyamuya Eligius , Sunguya Bruno F.
Published: March 2022

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a strong determinant of virological suppression. We aimed to determine the magnitude of adherence as measured by medication possession ratio (MPR) and virological suppression with its predictors among adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV on ART in Tanzania. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using archived data from HIV care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania between 2015 and 2019. The logistic regression model assessed predictors for adherence and virological suppression. Results: Data of 5750 AYA living with HIV were analysed. The majority were females: 4748 (82.6%). About 63% had good adherence with MPR ≥ 85% at one year post ART initiation. Independent predictors of ART adherence were male sex (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.5), CD4 > 500 cells/mm3 (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.9), WHO stage III (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–1.9), enrollment in 2019 (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9), and virological suppression (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.6–2.9). Using an Efavirenz- and a Nevirapine-based combination was associated with reduced odds of ART adherence (aOR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1–0.8) and (aOR = 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.6), respectively. Predictors of virological suppression were MPR ≥ 85% (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.6–2.4); CD4 > 500 cells/mm3 (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.4), and once-daily dosing (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–2.5). Conclusion: Adherence to ART among AYA living with HIV is suboptimal. Sex, year of enrollment, ART drug combination used, and immunological status at ART initiation are important predictors of adherence to ART and virological suppression.
Hyperbolic Inflation in the Jordan Frame
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos
Published: March 2022

We consider a multi-scalar field model in the Jordan frame, which can be seen as a two-scalar field model where the Brans–Dicke field interacts in the kinetic part with the second scalar field. This theory under a conformal transformation reduces to the hyperbolic inflation. We show that scaling solutions and the de Sitter universe are provided by the theory. In the study of asymptotic dynamics, we determine an attractor where all the fluid sources contribute in the cosmological fluid. This attractor is always a spiral, and it can be seen as the analogue of the hyperbolic inflation in the Jordan frame.
A Review of Viruses Infecting Yam (Dioscorea spp.)
Authors: Luo Guo-Fu , Podolyan Ana , Kidanemariam Dawit B. , Pilotti Carmel , Houliston Gary , Sukal Amit C.
Published: March 2022

Yam is an important food staple for millions of people globally, particularly those in the developing countries of West Africa and the Pacific Islands. To sustain the growing population, yam production must be increased amidst the many biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant viruses are among the most detrimental of plant pathogens and have caused great losses of crop yield and quality, including those of yam. Knowledge and understanding of virus biology and ecology are important for the development of diagnostic tools and disease management strategies to combat the spread of yam-infecting viruses. This review aims to highlight current knowledge on key yam-infecting viruses by examining their characteristics, genetic diversity, disease symptoms, diagnostics, and elimination to provide a synopsis for consideration in developing diagnostic strategy and disease management for yam.
Interspecies Comparisons of the Effects of Potential Antiviral 3-Amidinophenylalanine Derivatives on Cytochrome P450 1A2 Isoenzyme
Authors: Fedor Zsófia , Szentkirályi-Tóth Anna , Nagy Gábor , Szimrók Zoltán , Varga Eszter , Pászti Anna , Pászti Zoltán , Jerzsele Ákos , Pilgram Oliver , Steinmetzer Torsten , Mátis Gábor , Neogrády Zsuzsanna , Pászti-Gere Erzsébet
Published: March 2022

In vitro models of animals vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection can support the characterization of effective antiviral drugs, such as synthetic inhibitors of the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 activities in the presence of the potential TMPRSS2/matriptase inhibitors (MI) were measured using fluorometric and luminescent assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these inhibitors was evaluated using the MTS method. In addition, 60 min-long microsomal stability assays were performed using an UPLC-MS/MS procedure to elucidate depletion rates of the inhibitors. CYP1A2 was influenced significantly by MI-463 and MI-1900 in rat microsomes, by MI-432 and MI-482 in beagle microsomes, and by MI-432, MI-463, MI-482, and MI-1900 in cynomolgus monkey microsomes. The IC50 values in monkey microsomes were 1.30 ± 0.14 µM, 2.4 ± 1.4 µM, 0.21 ± 0.09 µM, and 1.1 ± 0.8 µM for inhibitors MI-432, MI-463, MI-482, and MI-1900, respectively. The depletion rates of the parent compounds were lower than 50%, independently of the investigated animal species. The host cell factor TMPRSS2 is of key importance for the cross-species spread of SARS-CoV-2. Studies of the in vitro biotransformation of TMPRSS2 inhibitors provide additional information for the development of new antiviral drugs.
Modeling Streamflow at the Iberian Peninsula Scale Using MOHID-Land: Challenges from a Coarse Scale Approach
Authors: Oliveira Ana R. , Ramos Tiago B. , Simionesei Lucian , Gonçalves Maria C. , Neves Ramiro
Published: March 2022

Hydrological modeling is nowadays critical for evaluating the status, past trends, and future perspectives of water availability at the global, regional, and local scales. The Iberian Peninsula is registering more frequent and severe droughts and water scarcity caused not only by extreme meteorological events, but also by increased demand for water for urban, industrial, and agricultural supplies. Better simulation models are thus needed for accurately quantifying the availability of local water resources. In this study, the natural flow regime in different watersheds of the Iberian Peninsula was simulated using the process-based, fully distributed, MOHID-Land model from 1979 to 2013. Streamflow results were compared with measurements at 73 hydrometric stations not influenced by reservoirs, and with the data available in the management plans of each hydrographic region. The results showed a high dispersion of the goodness-of-fit indicators, with the coefficient of determination (R2) ranging between 0 and 0.91, and the modeling efficiency (NSE) being higher than 0.35 at only 22 (calibration) and 28 (validation) hydrometric stations. Considering the scale of application, results were acceptable but evidenced the difficulties in simulating streamflow in watersheds using a coarse resolution. As such, this paper further deals with the difficulties and challenges of the adopted modeling approach. Nevertheless, this study constitutes a further step towards the more accurate assessment of water resources availability at the Iberian Peninsula scale using process-based modeling.
Factors Controlling Morphotaxa Distributions of Diptera Chironomidae in Freshwaters
Authors: Rossaro Bruno , Marziali Laura , Montagna Matteo , Magoga Giulia , Zaupa Silvia , Boggero Angela
Published: March 2022

Many hydrobiological studies have dealt with the autecology of species within the family Chironomidae and discussed factors affecting species distribution. The aim of the present research is to consider the most important factors affecting chironomid species distribution. Habitat type (lentic, lotic, krenal, rhithral, etc.), water temperature, conductivity, and trophic status are confirmed key factors controlling their assemblage structure. Here, we introduce the term “morphotaxon” as the taxonomic level, intermediate between genus and species, more suitable to describe the ecological responses of Chironomidae. The present uncertainty related to species identification is at the base of the proposal, with the assumption that species belonging to the same morphotaxon have similar ecological needs. In this study, this hypothesis was found to be valid, with few exceptions represented by species-rich genera (e.g., Tanytarsus, Paratanytarsus). The morphotaxon can be viewed as an interim measure waiting for the implementation of new complementary approaches, such as species identification with molecular methods.
Comparison between Regionalized Minimum Reference Flow and On-Site Measurements in Hydrographic Basins of Rural Communities in the State of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Basso Raviel , Honório Michelle , Costa Isabella , Bezerra Nolan , Baumann Luis , Silva Flora , Albuquerque Antonio , Scalize Paulo
Published: March 2022

Reference flows are important variables for assessing water availability in Brazil, as well as in rural communities in the state of Goiás (Brazil). However, as there is a lack of flowrate data and measurement points, regionalization methods have been used for forecasting the minimum reference flow (Qref) allowed for maintaining water uses. The present research covered 92 hydrographic basins within 46 selected rural communities in the state of Goiás, and 21 basins were selected for carrying out on-site flow measurements, as well as for Qref estimation following three regionalization methodologies. Results show a large variation between the values measured and estimated by the three methodologies, but the statistical analysis found regression equations of one of the methods more suitable for application in rural hydrograph basins of Goiás.
Microbial Community Structure and Bacterial Lineages Associated with Sulfonamides Resistance in Anthropogenic Impacted Larut River
Authors: Lye Ying-Ling , Chai Lay-Ching , Lee Choon-Weng , Suzuki Satoru , Bong Chui-Wei
Published: March 2022

Anthropogenic activities often contribute to antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments. Larut River Malaysia is polluted with both organic and inorganic pollutants from domestic and industrial wastewater that are probably treated inadequately. The river is characterized by high biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonia, and heavy metals. In our previous study, sulfonamides (SAs) and sulfonamide resistance genes (sul) were detected in the Larut River. Hence, in this study, we further examined the microbial community structure, diversity of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria (SARB), and their resistance genes. The study also aimed at identifying cultivable bacteria potential carriers of sul genes in the aquatic environment. Proteobacteria (22.4–66.0%), Firmicutes (0.8–41.6%), Bacteroidetes (2.0–29.4%), and Actinobacteria (5.5–27.9%) were the most dominant phyla in both the effluents and river waters. SARB isolated consisted only 4.7% of the total genera identified, with SAR Klebsiella as the most dominant (38.0–61.3%) followed by SAR Escherichia (0–22.2%) and Acinetobacter (3.2–16.0%). The majority of the SAR Klebsiella isolated from the effluents and middle downstream were positive for sul genes. Sul genes-negative SAR Escherichia and Acinetobacter were low (<20%). Canonical-correlation analysis (CCA) showed that SAs residues and inorganic nutrients exerted significant impacts on microbial community and total sul genes. Network analysis identified 11 SARB as potential sul genes bacterial carriers. These findings indicated that anthropogenic activities exerted impacts on the microbial community structure and SAs resistance in the Larut River.
Lotic Environment Affects Morphological Characteristics and Energy Metabolism of Juvenile Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella
Authors: Zhu Pengjin , Liu Jieya , Wang Yin , Li Dapeng
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the effect of a lotic environment on morphological characteristics and energy metabolism in juvenile grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. The fish were stocked in the lotic environment and forced to swim for 12 h per day for 4 weeks at three water current velocities of 0.5, 2, and 4 body length s−1 (Bl s−1). The control fish were stocked in the lentic environment with water current velocities of 0 Bl s−1. The results showed that lotic environment significantly increased body weight, body length, and condition factor of grass carp. The first principal component (PC1) characterized by measured overall body size suggested that fish in a lotic environment had body stoutness and wider tail stalk. Standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), and aerobic swimming performance (Ucrit) were elevated with the increased water flow and positively correlated with PC1. The 4 Bl s−1 group showed significantly decreased contents of serum glucose and muscular glycogen, and a significantly increased level of serum lactic acid. The mRNA expression levels of AMP-activated protein kinase-phosphorylate PPAR γ coactivator 1 α-nuclear respiratory factor 1 (AMPK-PGC1α-NRF1) pathway-related genes were significantly upregulated in red muscle of grass carp in the lotic environment. Water flow environment at 4 Bl s−1 significantly increased ratios of metabolic enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase/citrate synthase) and cytochrome c oxidase/citrate synthase) in the muscle. The relationship between morphological characteristics and metabolic capacity suggested that the body size of grass carp in a lotic environment was shaped to promote energy metabolism. The study identified the evidence of the mechanism and relationship of the trade-off between energy and morphology in grass carp.
Evaluating the Impact of Explosive Volcanic Eruptions on a Groundwater-Fed Water Supply System: An Exploratory Study in Ponta Delgada, São Miguel (Azores, Portugal)
Authors: Valente Francisco , Cruz José Virgílio , Pimentel Adriano , Coutinho Rui , Andrade César , Nemésio Jorge , Cordeiro Selma
Published: March 2022

Tephra fall is among the set of hazardous phenomena associated with volcanic activity that can impact water resources and services. The aim of this paper is to characterize the potential impacts of tephra fall on the groundwater-fed water supply system of Ponta Delgada (São Miguel, Azores) by comparing two scenarios of explosive eruptions. Vulnerability matrices were used to compute indexes, by multiplying the thickness of tephra fall deposits, corresponding to increasing hazard levels, by descriptors of the water supply system, representing the elements at risk. In a worst-case scenario, tephra covers a large area inland, severely constraining the abstraction of water to public supply, as 84.8% of the springs are affected. In 12 springs the expected hazard level is of perturbation (5157 m3/day; 12.1% of the daily abstraction) or damage (16,094 m3/day; 37.8%). The same trend is observed considering the storage capacity, as 75.4% of the reservoirs may be somehow affected. Moreover, 72.4% of the 68,392 inhabitants served by the water supply system will be in a zone where the damage level will be achieved. Results point out to the need of preparedness measures to mitigate consequences of a volcanic crisis over the water supply.
Performance Comparison of High-Speed Motors for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Aiso Kohei , Akatsu Kan
Published: March 2022

It is predicted that the maximum speed of EV traction motors will increase in the future due to reductions in size and weight. The high-speed motors are required to have high mechanical strength of the rotor for high-speed rotation, in addition to satisfying the required output and high efficiency in the wide operation area. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of motors in terms of both electrical and mechanical points of view. In this research, three motor types, PMSM, SRM, and IM, which targeted the output power of 85 kW and the maximum speed of 52,000 min−1, are designed for use with EV traction motors, and the study clarifies which the type of motor is most suitable for application in high-speed motors of EVs in terms of their mechanical and electrical characteristics.
Growth Enhancing Effects of Squid By-Product Hydrolysate in Plant Protein-Based Diet Fed to Black Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798
Authors:   Institute of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo 5023, Philippines, PAN MAILA V. , TRAIFALGAR REX FERDINAND M.
Published: March 2022

The present study evaluated the potential of squid by-product hydrolysate as fishmeal replacement in the plant-based diet of juvenile black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798. Five experimental plant protein-based diets were formulated containing squid by-product hydrolysate to replace fishmeal at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %. These experimental diets were fed to triplicate groups of P. monodon for 8 weeks. Results revealed that 25 % fishmeal replacement with squid by-product hydrolysate resulted in growth enhancement, attributable to increased feed intake and gut lactic acid bacteria proliferation. The shrimp fed with 100 % replacement level exhibited a similar growth response with the control group. Protein retention was not affected by the fishmeal replacement levels, but lipid retention was found higher in all treatments with squid by-product hydrolysate than the control. Digestive protease activity decreased with increasing levels of hydrolysate while α-amylase and lipase activities were not affected. Hepatopancreas histology showed thatB-cells dominated the control group while R-cells proliferated with increasing inclusion of dietary squid by-product hydrolysate. These results collectively indicate that fishmeal could be totally replaced with squid by-product hydrolysate and 25 % fishmeal replacement could promote the growth of juvenile P. monodon.
Freudyen Kalıntıların Geri Dönüşü: Suat Derviş’in Ne Bir Ses Ne Bir Nefes Romanında Ödipal Çatışma ve Kıskançlık
Authors: URUK Ahmet
Published: March 2022

20. yüzyılın başlarında İstanbul’da dünyaya gelen Suat Derviş, gazeteciliğinin yanı sıra yazdığı romanlar, makaleler ve çevirilerle de tanınmaktadır. Yazdığı tefrika romanlarının sayısının otuzdan fazla olduğu bilinen Derviş, yazıları yurt dışında yayımlanmış ilk Türk kadın gazeteci olarak da öne çıkmaktadır. 1944 ve 1945 yıllarında tefrika edilen Fosforlu Cevriye romanının yanı sıra, 1921 yılında yayımladığı Kara Kitap adlı romanı Türk edebiyatında korku türüne örnek verilebilecek nadir eserlerden biridir. Yazın hayatının ilk başlarında korku ve gotik öğeleri eserlerinde yansıtarak kasvetli mekân tasvirlerine, karakterlerin psikolojik irdelemelerine, gerilim ve tekinsizlik kavramlarına yoğunlaşmıştır. Cumhuriyet ve modernleşme sürecinde gerçekliğin temsiline gerçeküstü olaylar barındıran romanlarıyla tepki göstermiş, Türk edebiyatında çok değinilmemiş olan mantıkdışı ve hayali unsurları ön plana çıkarmıştır. Buna benzer olarak da ikinci romanı olan Ne Bir Ses Ne Bir Nefes (1923), aynı kadına âşık olan yaşlı bir baba ve oğlunun arasındaki psikolojik gerilimi anlatmaktadır. Roman boyunca Osman ve Kemal arasındaki kıskançlık ve gerilim dolu baba oğul ilişkisini betimleyen Suat Derviş, delilik ve mantık arasında gidip gelen paranoyak karakterlerin tekinsiz davranışlarını resmetmektedir. Osman ve Kemal’in baba oğul olarak Zeliha’ya karşı hissettikleri âşk ve kıskançlık, on dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonlarına doğru Sigmund Freud tarafından ortaya atılan ‘’Oidipus Kompleksi’’ adlı psikanalitik kavramla birebir denk düşmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, Suat Derviş tarafından kaleme alınan Ne Bir Ses Ne Bir Nefes adlı romanda, aynı kadına âşık olan baba ve oğul arasındaki çatışmanın, Oidipus kompleksi ve Othello sendromu ile bağdaştırılabileceğini, Freud’un teorilerinden yararlanarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Professional victimization of law enforcement officials in the field of performance of duties to combat crime
Authors: Ivancov Sergey , Drozdov Denis
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of professional victimization of officials of law enforcement agencies, whose immediate responsibilities include combating crime. In the course of a systematic assessment of the legal status of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, serving in the most numerous in terms of the number of personnel and with the widest range of tasks to be solved among all law enforcement agencies, it was substantiated that combating crime is a victimogenic factor. The reasons for professional victim behavior are analyzed. The division of all victimogenic conditions into two groups has been substantiated: those that depend on the will of a law enforcement official and those that do not depend on his will, when, taking into account all the specifics of the situation, he could not foresee the possibility of a victimogenic situation. The typical spheres of professional activity, in which conditions are created for the emergence of a victim situation, requiring preventive influence on the part of the leadership of law enforcement agencies, are highlighted. The types of victims in relation to law enforcement are investigated, their features are revealed. The measures for the prevention of victim behavior have been structured based on the specifics of the professional duties of law enforcement officials. The number of preventive measures includes managerial, technical, informational, social and other measures.
Sexual education as a measure of individual prevention of sexual offenses among minors
Authors: Parshin Nikolay
Published: March 2022

Illiteracy in interpersonal sex relations, as well as in matters of sex communications, contributes to the development of tolerance of Russian society to sexual violence, a decrease in the age of persons committing sex crimes, a steady increase of violent crime rates (crimes against sexual freedom as well as statutory crimes), and other illegal acts of sexual nature. The mass media offers veiled propaganda of same-sex marriage, impunity, and promiscuity. Violence is increasingly used as a form of conflict resolution. The lack of skills and abilities to identify fake information on the Internet and the media by the rising generation leads to brainwashing, destructive types of interpersonal relationships between minors, the perception of violence as a normal way of life in society, and deformation of sexual relations among young people. The state of health of adolescents is also of concern, as the number of crimes committed by minors under the influence of alcohol or drugs has increased. Among other unsettling trends, in recent years, the number of minors and young adults infected by sexually transmitted diseases has increased as well. Despite the fact that the number of abortions among adolescents has decreased, only in 2020, about 630 thousand abortions were performed on women of reproductive age – that number on average corresponds to the population of Ulyanovsk. The primary cause of the current state of affairs is the lack of appropriate sexual education among minors and young adults, as well as a lack of spiritual and moral guidance.
The mechanism for digital footprints formation
Authors: Pereverzeva Ekaterina , Komov Andrei
Published: March 2022

Over the past decade, there has been registered a significant increase in crimes committed using high technologies, which requires framing a new theoretical approach to the mechanism of the formation of digital footprints. For the abovementioned reasons, digital data acquires special relevance in the detection, solving, and investigation of economic crimes, since technical skills may give the user an opportunity to destroy, damage, or modify their digital traces. In the period from 2010 to 2020, the number of crimes committed using high technologies increased by more than 35 times, while the number of economic crimes committed decreased (by 162%). In the course of a detailed analysis of statistical data and the contributing factors, it became possible to establish a relationship between quantitative changes in economic crimes and crimes committed with the use of high technologies. The article analyzes the domestic criminalistic approach to the mechanism of trace formation, considering the classification of digital footprints depending on the mechanism of trace formation. The author offers a schematic design of the digital footprint formation mechanism, showing its distinction from the mechanism of trace formation in a traditional sense, and its practical importance.
Effect of situational training method on the improvement of police station duty officers use of combat skills
Authors: Balandin Aleksey
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the impact of the situational method used to enhance the police duty officers’ combat skills required in the operational activities of the police stations. In the course of the study, a set of typical scenarios that a police officer may encounter on duty was developed and subsequently tested as a part of the law enforcement training session. The results of the session were assessed to measure the efficiency of the approach. Eventually, the combat skills mastery score of the experimental group course attendees trained using a situational approach exceeded the score of the control group course attendees by 58,6%. Thus it has been found that applying the situational training method as a part of the Operational Activities of the Police Duty Officers course (precisely during the workshops dedicated to the use of force and firearms in the relations with persons in custody or detention) contributes to the improvement of combat skills necessary for the carrying on the police duty.
Semantic analysis of the concept of «quality of physical training of cadets»
Authors: Lyapin Alexey , Lysenko Alexey
Published: March 2022

The article follows an actual and under-researched problem of assessing the quality of physical training of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Semantic analysis of scientific publications has been based on the key unit «the quality of physical training of cadets». The author defined the semantic field of the studied frequency of occurring keywords, ranked by relevance. It is revealed that the included words are most often found in the organization of the learning process, without highlighting the specific foundations for assessing and diagnosing the quality of physical readiness of future employees. The formed array of phrases consisting of two words highlighted by the semantic processing system is determined by the following factors: the process of physical training and the assessment of the quality of physical training of cadets. The degree of interrelation of these groups was defined as 5/4. It should be noted that the quality of physical training of cadets lacks analysis in the scientific, methodological and educational literature; a multi-level assessment of the quality of physical readiness of future employees for professional activity is not presented.
Legislative regulation of the status of the northwest territory of the North America within the Russian Empire
Authors: Stepanova Elena
Published: March 2022

The studies of colonization belong to the topical issues of modern historical and legal science, since they allow to reveal the features of the state-legal formation of the Russian Empire. Empire-building in Russia had distinguishing characteristics predetermined by the legal policy of the state toward conquering and discovering new lands. The colonization of the North America is a problem of scientific interest, and there are many approaches to assessing the legal status of this territory as part of imperial Russia. The research materials were legal acts contained in the Complete Collection of laws of the Russian Empire; scientific works of researchers studying Russian colonies in North America. The theoretical basis of the article is the work of jurists of the XIX - beginning of the XX century, the research of Soviet and modern jurists exploring the empire building in Russia. The methodological basis of the article was a set of general and special methods of inquiry, which predetermined a comprehensive and complete study of the object and matter of research. Formal legal, systematic, and historical legal research methods were used in the preparation of the article. The results of the study allow us to characterize the specifics of legal control of the northwest territory of North America as part of the Russian Empire. The author concludes that the experience of the state and legal development of North America as part of the Russian Empire contributes to the disclosure of the historically established features of the state structure and the activities of state authorities; explains the peculiarities of the foreign policy of the Russian Empire carried out during the seizure of the northwestern territory of North America.
Transnational police activity of modern states in the context of globalization
Authors: Stepanyan Anna
Published: March 2022

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the transnational police activity of modern states. The objectives of the study are to analyze how the political reactions to the globalization of the social order influenced the structure and scope of the police activities, its organizational culture, priorities and processes. Author analyses the key stockholders in the international police cooperation, the role of non-commercial organizations, the methods of interaction in the field of combating organized crime, cyber-crime, illegal migration and other international offences, as well as police functions in the spheres of peace and safety maintenance in the post-war zones, peacemaking support, reaction to transnational emergencies and the search for missing people abroad. In the course of the study, the author concludes that even though the idea of an international police force has a long history, it only became a reality under the auspices of the United Nations Organization in the 1960s. A powerful global police structure has been created. Common databases and common police guidelines guarantee an interaction and joint investigation activities in all continental regions. Despite the fact that the necessity of the international cooperation is obvious, the creation of the successful scheme for such an interaction is still a challenging issue. Legal and political systems, standards, procedures related to justice vary in different countries. Local police forces possess varying levels of competence and budget in order to support activities ensuring the national security.
«Order to the forest ranger and forester at the state forests», 1869: historical and legal analysis
Authors: Tyapkin Mikhail
Published: March 2022

The article provides a historical and legal analysis of the «Order to the forest ranger and forester at the state forests» issued in 1869 (hereafter – Order). This form of regulation was used in the second half of the 19th - beggining of 20th century by various government institutions and even private persons to determine the competence of their employees. The Order in the period in question can be considered the key written policy for the forest guards serving in the state forests. It was adopted in 1869 after a largescale reform of the organizational and functionary system of the state Forest Guard. The Order specified the official status of foresters and rangers, their duties in the field of forest management and forest protection. The Order was a laconic, relatively short document, easy to comprehend and memorize. Foresters and rangers were required to carry around a printed copy of the pocket-size Order. The employees of the Forest Guard were required to know the provisions of the Order and strictly follow the instructions contained in it. In some cases, due to the specifics of forestry in certain regions of the Russian Empire, the text of the Order could be adjusted.
Administrative penalties in the jurisdictional activities of traffic police officers of the General Administration for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Tolstoba Sergey
Published: March 2022

As the number of traffic accidents rises due to unsatisfactory road conditions, the system of administrative penalties for traffic offenses faces challenges that demand an urgent response, especially since the topic lacks prior research. The author employs logical methods, comparative techniques, and structural analysis to identify the theoretical problems emerging from the application of administrative penalties used by the traffic police officers of the General Administration for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The work follows the historical development of the adminictrative penalties system through the Soviet and Post-Soviet periods of Russian administrative law science. The author considers the main scientific approaches that have influenced the definition of the administrative penalty, taking into special account the sphere of traffic offenses. Drawing from the scholarly dispute author offers an original definition of traffic safety, administrative penalties in the jurisdictional activities of traffic police officers of the General Administration for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The article thoroughly explores the goals of an administrative sentence, its types, characteristics, and structure. Additionally, the author offers new insights on such kinds of penalties as a warning and administrative fine for the traffic offenses uncovered in the course of traffic safety monitoring. Comparing the changes in the administrative penalties in the form of a fine in the Soviet legislation and modern Russian Code of Administrative Offenses, the author reflects upon such principles of law as severity and adequacy of the administrative punishment in the field of traffic offenses. In conclusion, the author suggests improvements to articles 11.21 and 11.22 of the Russian Code of Administrative Offenses, specifically to increase the fines in order to advance the practical relevance of the jurisdictional activities of traffic police officers of the General Administration for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and reduce the accident incidence rate.
Relationship of the object of law and object of legal relationship in civil law
Authors: Yahontov Roman
Published: March 2022

This article examines the relationship of the object of civil rights and the object of civil relations in civil law, as well as the problem of determining the content of these terms. Due to the existing discussions about the similarities and differences of the studied concepts and their delimitation from each other, the issue of their legal and substantive definition remains relevant. The aim of the work is to analyze the points of view of legal scholars on this topic and to present the different views of civil science researchers on the designated problem. Currently, specialized legislation, in particular the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, contains an indication of the object of civil rights, but does not contain a legal definition of the object of civil legal relations. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the article attempts to streamline the author’s and scientific positions on the delimitation of these concepts. The author offers a perspective on the relationship between the object of rights and the object of legal relations and offers a prognosis regarding the development of the institutions under consideration.
Upper Elk Point subgroup paleogeography and evaporite distribution with implications for evaporite dissolution, karstification, and carbonate diagenesis in northeastern Alberta
Authors: Hauck Tyler E. , Grobe Matthias
Published: March 2022

Lithostratigraphic correlation and mapping of formations and units within the Upper Elk Point subgroup provide updated information on their extent and distribution within the province of Alberta. Together with detailed bed-scale evaporite mapping of three evaporite minerals — halite, anhydrite, and gypsum — within evaporitic successions for net-thickness maps, these data allow new representations of the paleogeography of these units across the province. Paleogeographic maps of the Keg River, Prairie Evaporite and Muskeg formations reveal new details on the location of the La Crete sub-basin in northern Alberta, and the distribution and nature of Keg River Formation buildups and the overlying evaporite strata within this depositional realm. Net-evaporite mapping gives a robust picture of the distribution of Upper Elk Point subgroup evaporites, and allows for a detailed characterization of heterogeneities, halite dissolution, and sulphate karstification. Mapping of gypsum reveals that rehydration of anhydrite to gypsum (gypsification) through meteoric inflow is most pronounced within the La Crete sub-basin in northeastern Alberta, particularly where thick anhydrite deposits are associated with interbuildup basinal areas east of the Prairie Evaporite halite dissolution scarp. This association provides an explanation for the location of where active gypsification, dissolution and associated karstification is occurring and where it can be expected to occur. The process of gypsification, and ultimately sulphate dissolution, is requisite for the formation of porous dedolomite zones within the carbonates of the Prairie Evaporite Formation. Dedolomitized beds are recognized as aquifer units that are known to have contributed to Devonian-sourced, high-salinity water inflows to mine pits in the mineable oil sands area. Evidence is provided for a top-down advancement of halite and sulphate dissolution in all evaporites in northeastern Alberta. Circular, chain-like karst lakes are likely surficial expressions of the meteoric conduits for top-down karstification of sulphates east of the Prairie Evaporite halite dissolution scarp, similar to that observed in the well-documented sulphate karst district of Wood Buffalo National Park.