bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migración e impacto en odontología para personas con trastorno del espectro autista en atención primaria
Authors: Quintana Mallea Benjamín Ignacio , Cofré Rivera Valeria
Published: May 2021

Introducción: El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), desorden neurológico caracterizado por alteraciones en la sociabilización, comunicación y comportamiento, presenta barreras de acceso a la atención odontológica y usualmente necesitan un manejo clínico especializado. Las dificultades para acceder a servicios preventivos en atención primaria (APS) restringen su tratamiento a atención secundaria y los determinantes sociales en salud (DSS), incluyendo estado migratorio y situación socioeconómica, cobran un rol fundamental. Reporte: Paciente hombre, migrante, 9 años, diagnóstico TEA, potencialmente cooperador, acude a Posta Rural de San Miguel de Azapa para atención odontológica tras atenciones fallidas en otros servicios. Al examen clínico se observan lesiones de caries, gingivitis, restos radiculares. Se planifica tratamiento odontológico con citas previas de adaptación, educación personalizada con pedagogía visual y consulta con psicología-nutrición-medicina.Discusión: el TEA por sí solo no aumenta la predisposición a patologías orales, pero hay factores que aumentan su riesgo. Existe peor higiene oral; mayor prevalencia de periodontopatías y caries; respuestas aversivas a la atención odontológica; posible bidireccionalidad entre severidad del TEA y disbiosis oral. Se recomiendan atenciones cortas, programadas, técnicas conductuales individualizadas y tratamiento multidisciplinario, comprendiendo los DSS y barreras (altos costos, etnias, nivel socioeconómico, etc.), internalizando el concepto del derecho a salud del migrante e interculturalidad, generando una alianza terapéutica y en donde la APS es fundamental en la atención bajo un modelo biopsicosocial.Conclusión: El dentista debe capacitarse en la atención de pacientes TEA analizando los DSS con enfoque biopsicosocial con énfasis en APS y aplicando protocolos de promoción y prevención en salud.
Sailing the 7C’s: Starfield Revisited as a Foundation of Family Medicine Residency Redesign
Authors: Bazemore Andrew , Grunert Timothy
Published: May 2021

Amidst a pandemic that has acutely highlighted longstanding failings of the US health care system and the graduate medical education (GME) enterprise that serves it, educators prepare to embark on another revision of the program requirements for family medicine GME. We propose in this article a conceptual framework to guide this endeavor, built on a foundation of the core functions that Barbara Starfield suggested might explain primary care’s salutary effects. We first revisit these “4C’s”—first Contact, Continuity, Comprehensiveness, and Coordination—and how they might inform design thinking in primary care GME guideline revision. We also propose the addition of Community engagement, patient-Centeredness, and Complexity. Training residents to deliver on these “7C’s,” functions critical to the delivery of high-performing primary care, is essential if family medicine residency graduates are to serve the clearly articulated, but unrealized, quadruple aim for US health care: improved patient experience and population health at lower costs while preserving clinician well-being. Finally, we highlight and illustrate examples of four critical enablers of these 7C core functions of primary care that must be accommodated in training guidelines and reform, suggesting a need for resident competencies in Team-based, Tool- and Technology-enabled, Tailored (“4T’s”) care of patients and populations.
Single Supervisory Mechanism and corporate finance: A DSCR based approach for AQR prudential provisioning
Authors: Geretto Enrico , Polato Maurizio , Jones Laurence
Published: May 2021

Asset quality review (AQR) conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB) introduced 2014 indicators and logic typically used in the context of corporate finance. The new approach tries to overcome the backward-looking approach in favour of a completely forward-looking perspective based on the assessment of cash flows. From the AQR point of view, EBITDA and DSCR have taken particular importance also in the prudential provisioning process. As is known, the AQR manual, for calculating the prudential provisioning, provides that banks, in a going-concern perspective, estimate the recoverable amount of loans by appropriately discounting the cash flows. Our work, although under some hypotheses, highlights limitations in the prudential regulatory approach. The paper, using a DSCR-based dual-leg approach, tries to propose a generalisation logically consistent with the guidelines on loan origination and monitoring recently expressed by the European Banking Authority (EBA) (EBA, 2020). Although there is literature dealing with access to credit constraints (Demirgüç-Kunt & Maksimovic, 1999; Beck & Demirgüç-Kunt, 2008; Calabrese, Girardone, & Slip, 2020), with the relationship between credit risk management framework and accounting standard (Porretta, Letizia, & Santoboni, 2020) and with loan loss coverage policies (Alessi, Bruno, Carletti, Neugebauer, & Wolfskiel, 2020), no empirical or theoretical research analyses the relationship between prudential provisioning and underlying incentive structure. This paper offers a contribution in this regard highlighting how an economic approach for provisioning tends to reward companies capable of generating adequate prospective cash flows given the contractual structure of the loan, thus mitigating the potential allocative distortions implicit in the incentive structure underlying the AQR approach.
Role of Metal Identity and Speciation in the Low-Temperature Oxidation of Methane over Tri-Metal Oxo Clusters
Authors: Hall Jacklyn , Bollini Praveen
Published: May 2021

Clarity as to the role of metal identity and oxidation state in
effecting redox and acid-catalyzed turnovers is oftentimes precluded by
a high degree of heterogeneity in site speciation, a limitation that can
be overcome through the use of well-defined poly-metal clusters hosted
by metal organic framework materials- accomplished in the present case
using MIL-100(M) for the low temperature oxidation of methane with N2O.
Transient kinetic data point to a) methoxy species mediating methane
conversion, b) partial and deep oxidation occurring over metal sites
distinct in oxidation state, c) chromium clusters amplifying the
propensity toward C-C bond formation, and d) the relative velocity of
propagation of water and methanol concentration fronts playing a
determinative role in maximizing C2 oxygenate selectivity. The study
captures the utility of using classes of materials inherently endowed
with a high level of definition and uniformity in advancing the
elucidation of structure-catalytic property relationships.
A novel integrated rotary reactor for NOx reduction by CO and air preheating: NOx removal performance and mechanism
Authors: Sun Peiliang , Li Jianjie , Cheng Xingxing , Li Xiangdong , Bi Xiaotao , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: May 2021

A novel integrated rotary reactor for NOx reduction by CO and air
preheating (iNA reactor) was proposed. NOx removal performance was
investigated in a fixed-bed reactor, which was used to simulate the
working conditions change in iNA reactor. Lab-synthesized Cu/FeCeOx were
used as catalyst. Two different modes were tested with iNA reactor:
short cycles and long cycles. Excellent NOx removal efficiencies of over
95% and 90% for short cycles and long cycles were observed in iNA
reactor. Moreover, compared with the constant-temperature rotary
reactor, better H2O and SO2 resistances were also found in iNA reactor.
The reaction mechanism was proposed based on in-situ DRIFT study. NOx
was stored as nitrates in the adsorption zone, and then decomposed
rapidly by both high temperatures and CO, leading to the deep catalyst
regeneration. Therefore, temperature swinging and the feed of CO were
key to having high iNA reactor performance for NOx removal.
Covid-19 Vaccine Authorized in India-A Mini Review
Authors: Shrestha Dr. Yogendra , Venkatraman Rajesh , Moktan Jeet Bahadur , chitti Renukaradhya , Yadav Shiv Kumar
Published: May 2021

Background: Many variants detected after Wuhan-Hu-1 reference which were
able to develop the resistance against the neutralizing antibodies
induced by vaccine and may cause false negative results in diagnostic
tests targeting the S gene. The Covid-19 cases are increasing rapidly in
India and the government authorized a new vaccine for restricted use in
emergency situation. Aims: This review discusses about the efficacy,
safety, and economical aspects of vaccines authorized in India.
Materials and methods: Wide-ranging assessment and analysis of
accessible resources on online database. Results: The rAd26-s & rAd5-s
(Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology)
demonstrate high efficacy as well as safety, followed by BBV152 (Bharat
Biotech) and AZD1222 (Oxford AstraZeneca); AZD1222 is more economical
than other two. Conclusion: The main goal of vaccination is to reduce
deaths, protect the health care system and finally disease control, this
is only be possible if more population is vaccinated with locally
available Covid-19 vaccine and self-awareness about the prevention of
disease transmission. Key Words: Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Immunization,
Vaccine, Efficacy.
New Implementation of Spin-orbit Coupling Calculation on Multi-configuration Electron Correlation Theory
Authors: Zhou Qianlong , Suo Bingbing
Published: May 2021

For treating both relativistic effect and electron correlation, the
spin-free exact two-component and spin-dependent first-order
Douglas-Kroll-Hess (sf-X2C-so-DKH1) Hamiltonian and the
state-interaction (SI) method are combined to calculate the spin-orbit
coupling (SOC) on multi-configuration electron correlation theory. Here,
SOC is evaluated via SI among the spin-free states from the complete
active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculation, and the dynamic
electron correlation could be reckoned via the high-level
multi-reference electron correlation method. Work equations to evaluate
SOC matrix elements over spin-adapted Gelfand states in the framework of
the graphic unitary group approach (GUGA) are presented. Benchmark
calculations have verified the validity of the present implementation.
As a pilot application, the internally contracted MRCI (icMRCI) with the
inclusion of SOC calculation produces the reasonable equilibrium bond
length and the harmonic vibrational frequency of the ground state of
AuO, as well as the transition energy of
$X^2\Pi_{3/2} \leftarrow
^2\Pi_{1/2}$.
Activation of the Hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathways in the Immunohistochemistry of Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Takada Tomoaki
Published: May 2021

Immunohistochemical studies have revealed that the tumor of a patient
with basal cell carcinoma exhibited activation of the Hedgehog and
Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The glioma-associated oncogene1
overexpression leads to transcriptional activation making it an
attractive molecular target in anticancer therapies due to the main
downstream effectors of the cascade.
Effect of Hyperglycemia Treatment on Complications Rate after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: a randomized clinical trail
Authors: Naghipour Bahman , Bagerpour Mahdieh , Shadvar Kamran , Golzari Samad EJ , Faridaalaee Gholamreza
Published: May 2021

Objective(s): The goal of this study was to elucidate harmful
complications of intraoperative hyperglycemia following children cardiac
surgery and benefits of insulin administration for accurate blood sugar
controlling. Design: Randomized clinical trial Setting: operating room
of shahid madani hospital Patients: 50 patients who were children under
12 years old undergoing cardiac surgery using Cardiopulmonary Bypass
(CPB). Interventions: Intraoperative insulin infusion was administered
intravenously targeting at blood sugar levels of 110-140mg/dL
Measurements and Main Results: Blood sugar and ABG were measured every
30 min during operation. The means of hospitalization and extubation
time were more in the placebo than study group (P=0.03) and (P=0.005),
respectively. However, the mean of hospitalization in the ICU ward was
not significantly between groups. Conclusions: Hyperglycemia prevalence
was lower in our study than mentioned studies in which the patients were
either given insulin or not. Hyperglycemia duration has relation with
long hospitalization time in ICU and hospital. These findings suggest
the positive effect of accurate blood sugar control on reducing
complication and hospitalization time in children undergoing cardiac
surgery.
Quantitative evaluation of hemodynamic parameters by echocardiography in patients with postcardiotomy cardiac shock supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Ye Fu-Yong , Yang Yuwen , Li Xiaofang , Lin Fei , Liang Yin-Ting , Liu Jianhua
Published: May 2021

Objective: To investigate the value of echocardiography in monitoring
hemodynamics of postcardiotomy cardiac shock (PCS) patients before,
during, and after weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
(ECMO). Methods: Fifty-two patients were divided into a successful
weaning group (Group A, n=23) and non-successful group (Group B, n=29).
Hemodynamic parameters measured by echocardiography were collected
before, during, and after ECMO. The intra-group changes and inter-group
differences were analyzed. Results: In group A, the central venous
pressure (CVP), proximal right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT),
tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), velocity of
tricuspid valve (TVDV), and systolic velocity of tricuspid annulus
(s‘TV) during EMCO were significantly lower than before ECMO. After
ECMO, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), systolic velocity of
mitral annulus (s‘MV), and velocity-time integral of LV outflow tract
(LVOT-VTI) were higher than pre-ECMO, and CVP, LVEF, s‘MV, LVOT-VTI,
RVOT, TAPSE, TVDV and s‘TV were higher than during ECMO (all
p<0.05). In group B, compared to pre-ECMO, subjects exhibited
decreased CVP, RVOT, TAPSE, TVDV and s‘TV during ECMO. TAPSE, TVDV, and
s‘TV were continuously lower after ECMO, while CVP and RVOT became
higher after ECMO (all p<0.05). After ECMO, LVEF, s‘MV,
LVOT-VTI, TAPSE, TVDV and s‘TV in group A were higher than those in
group B (all p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis
showed that LVEF (OR=1.387, 95%CI: 1.072-1.793, p=0.013) and Tei index
(OR=-0.005, 95% CI: 0.000-0.939, p=0.047) were independent factors
related to the successfulness of ECMO weaning. Conclusions: Quantitative
assessment of both LV and RV by echocardiography is important for ECMO
weaning.
Evaluation of surface characteristics of new rotary nickel-titanium instruments - SEM-EDS analysis
Authors: Jovanovic-Medojevic Milica , Zdravkovic Alena , Medojevic Mina , Stratimirovic Djordje
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Modern endodontic procedure implies the use of rotary Ni-Ti
instruments during chemomechanical treatment of root canals. The aim of this
study is to analyze the surfaces of new (unused) rotary endodontic
instruments using the SEM-EDS method and determine how frequently
manufacture defects or impurities appear on their working surfaces. Material
and method. Five new different sets of rotary endodontic Ni-Ti instruments
were included in this study: K3, Mtwo, ProTaper Universal, HyFlex and
BioRaCe. The working part of endodontic instrument was analyzed using SEMEDS
method (magnifications ?150 to ?2000), which determined the morphological
characteristics of the instrument surface and chemical composition of the
found impurities. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher?s test
(p < 0.05). Results. The results of SEM-EDS analysis showed that there is no
new instrument without defects on its surface. The most common defects were
observed in K3 (27.43%) and ProTaper Universal group (27.21%) and the least
were in BioRaCe instruments (7.67%). The most common type of defect in
tested instruments was fretting. In addition, the presence of debris and
metal strips was found on all instruments, while corrosion of the working
part was observed only in K3, ProTaper Universal and Mtwo systems in a small
percentage. Conclusion. Based on the results of this research, it can be
concluded that manufacturing defects were noticed in all examined
instruments. The most common defect is pitting. Impurities such as debris
and metal strips have also been registered. No organic debris was observed
on electropolished surface of BioRaCe instruments, but a small percentage of
other types of defects were registered.
The first case report of a solitary metastasis of the transitional cell carcinoma of the ovary to the spleen
Authors: Lazovic Ranko , Vukcevic Batric , Milic Petar , Lazovic Jelena
Published: May 2021

Background. Primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the ovary is characterized by the presence of papillary projections of malignant transitional epithelial cells or their aggregates in the fibrous stroma. This type of tumor represents nearly 1% of all ovarian surface epithelium carcinomas. We presented the first report of a solitary splenic metastasis of primary ovarian TCC. Case report. A 60-year-old female patient was admitted because of an asymptomatic splenic tumor in December 2018. Two years prior, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, and infracolic omentectomy for the primary TCC of the ovary. Control abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging performed two years after primary surgery showed a splenic tumor. An open splenectomy was performed, with the intraoperative finding of a hilar splenic tumor and the absence of other pathological lesions in the abdomen. Frozen section analysis showed a TCC metastasis, which was subsequently confirmed by definitive histopathological examination. During the one-year follow-up, there was no relapse of the disease. Conclusion. This is the first report of a solitary splenic metastasis of primary ovarian TCC based on the literature review. This case may serve as an example of the diagnostic and therapeutical role of splenectomy in isolated splenic metastases of ovarian cancer.
Increasing Reliance on Financial Advice with Avatars: The Effects of Competence and Complexity on Algorithm Aversion
Authors: Ganbold Odkhishig , Rose Anna M. , Rose Jacob M. , Rotaru Kristian
Published: May 2021

We find that avatar design can reduce algorithm aversion, which is the tendency of decision makers to ignore advice received from an algorithm after the algorithm makes an error. When the facial features of an avatar exhibit high levels of competence, algorithm aversion can be reduced relative to no avatar or a less competent-looking avatar. Humanizing the financial advice from an algorithm with an avatar that promotes the perception of competence effectively reduces algorithm aversion and can enhance reliance on the financial advice of robo-advisors.
Cost-Effectiveness of a Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Intervention Led by Community Health Workers and Peer Leaders: Projections From the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Detroit Trial
Authors: Ye Wen , Kuo Shihchen , Kieffer Edith C. , Piatt Gretchen , Sinco Brandy , Palmisano Gloria , Spencer Michael S. , Herman William H.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To simulate the long-term cost-effectiveness of a peer leader (PL)–led diabetes self-management support (DSMS) program following a structured community health worker (CHW)–led diabetes self-management education (DSME) program in reducing risks of complications in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The trial randomized 222 Latino adults with T2D to 1) enhanced usual care (EUC); 2) a CHW-led, 6-month DSME program and 6 months of CHW-delivered monthly telephone outreach (CHW only); or 3) a CHW-led, 6-month DSME program and 12 months of PL-delivered weekly group sessions with telephone outreach to those unable to attend (CHW + PL). Empirical data from the trial and the validated Michigan Model for Diabetes were used to estimate cost and health outcomes over a 20-year time horizon from a health care sector perspective, discounting both costs and benefits at 3% annually. The primary outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

RESULTS

Over 20 years, the CHW + PL intervention had an ICER of $28,800 and $5,900 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained compared with the EUC and CHW-only interventions, respectively. The CHW-only intervention had an ICER of $430,600 per QALY gained compared with the EUC intervention. In sensitivity analyses, the results comparing the CHW + PL with EUC and CHW-only interventions were robust to changes in intervention effects and costs.

CONCLUSIONS

The CHW + PL–led DSME/DSMS intervention improved health and provided good value compared with the EUC intervention. The 6-month CHW-led DSME intervention without further postintervention CHW support was not cost effective in Latino adults with T2D.
Development of a novel haemorheological biomarker of clot lysis
Authors:   , Morgan Bethan H.
Published: May 2021

Thrombosis is a leading contributor to death and disability, carrying high social and healthcare costs. Current treatment protocols in patients presenting with blood clots (such as those with ischemic stroke) recommend the administration of thrombolytic drugs; however, this option is associated with severe haemorrhagic side eﬀects. Clinicians currently have access to a wide range of ﬁbrinolytic biomarkers; however, these either rely on monitoring a single component of the ﬁbrinolytic system or use arbitrary deﬁnitions of lysis, and thus have limited value.This thesis presents the development and validation of a novel haemorhe-ological biomarker, utilising advanced rheological techniques that measure ﬁbrinol-ysis through the detection of a gel and de-gel point. This provides a global marker of coagulation and lysis based on the period of haemostatic functionality, i.e. the clots lifetime as a viscoelastic solid. This biomarker was evaluated in samples of blood and plasma, and the results demonstrate its potential use as a tool for the monitoring and development of thrombolytic therapies.The work herein also investigates the inﬂuence of shear induced modiﬁ-cation of clot structure on clot lysis through the use of controlled stress parallel superposition rheometry. Clots formed under increasing levels of shear stress were found to have increased resistance to lysis, a ﬁnding which has signiﬁcance in-vivo when considering pathophysiologically relevant changes to ﬂow, due to high blood pressure and narrowing of blood vessels. Finally, the eﬀects of platelet mediated contraction were shown to have a negligible impact on the rheological measurements and the associated biomarker. This represents a signiﬁcant advan-tage over current mechanical based techniques, such as thromboelastometry and thromboelastography.
Clasificación de frutos del durazno en maduros, no maduros y dañados hacia la cosecha automatizada
Authors: Arévalo Zenteno Ma. Dolores , Ruiz Castilla José Sergio , Ayala de la Vega Joel
Published: May 2021

A partir de la tecnología de visión artificial, específicamente de redes neuronales convolucionales, se propuso una solución para realizar el reconocimiento de frutos de durazno maduros, así como la identificación de frutos dañados. La finalidad es obtener frutos con el nivel de calidad adecuado para su comercialización. Para lograr este propósito, se obtuvieron imágenes de duraznos en un ambiente no controlado. Se recortaron las imágenes digitales hasta obtener el área de interés. Se configuraron tres conjuntos de datos: el primero, de duraznos maduros e inmaduros; el segundo, también de duraznos maduros e inmaduros pero con enfoque en un área textural, y el tercero, de duraznos sanos y dañados. Se aplicó una red neuronal convolucional, que fue programada en el lenguaje Python, las librerías de Keras y TensorFlow. Durante las pruebas se obtuvo una precisión de 95.31 % a la hora de elegir entre maduros y no maduros. Mientras que al clasificar los duraznos sanos y dañados se obtuvo 92.18 % de precisión. Por último, al clasificar las tres categorías (dañados, inmaduros y maduros), se obtuvo 83.33 % de precisión. Los resultados anteriores indican que con inteligencia artificial embebida en un dispositivo físico se puede hacer la clasificación del fruto del durazno.
Hybrid antioxidants
Authors:   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Burlakova Elena , Molochkina Elena ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Nikiforov Grygoriy ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2021

The article is a review of the data on synthesis and physiological activity of hybrid antioxidants. The introduction offers an explanation to the fact why, in some cases, it is necessary to add drug molecules with fragments responsible for various properties and aimed at various targets. A large group of hybrid antioxidants comprise stable nitroxyl radicals that behave as antioxidants in free-radical reactions of oxidation. Compounds of this type were synthesized extensively to form a group of antitumor agents. As a rule, the specific (antitumor) activity retained or even increased as compared with the initial compounds (without nitroxyl radicals); the toxicity decreased 5 to 10 times, which made it possible to apply the drug in considerably higher concentrations. There are reported data on nitroxyl derivatives of anthracycline antibiotics, antimetabolites, alkyl ting agents, and the recent results on platinum complexes with nitroxyl fragments. Much attention is given to hindered phenols with “buoyancy” properties, particularly, to biochemical effects, making them promising agents to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
Achievements and research tasks for polyvinylchloride ageing and stabilization
Authors:   Bashkirian State University, 32 Frunze str., 450074 Ufa, Bashkiriya, Minsker Karl , Zaikov Gennady ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia, Artsis Marina ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2021

Perspectives of polyvinylchloride (PVC) production without labile groups in a backbone have been considered. It has been shown that such production provides drastic increase of an intrinsic stability of polymeric products, possibility of PVC processing with the minimum amounts or in total absence of stabilizers and other chemicals-additives and the opportunity of creation materials and products on a PVC basis with the essentially increased life time. Data allowing to create rigid, semi-rigid and flexible (plasticized) materials and products with the minimum amounts of chemicals-additives and prolonged life time of their service at exploitation under natural and special conditions are presented.
Mathematical modeling of temperature variation in breast tissue with and without tumor/cyst during menstrual cycle
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Shrestha S. , Gurung D. B. ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Kathmandu University, Gokul K. C. ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Kathmandu University
Published: May 2021

The thermoregulation of human female body is influenced by hormonal and physiological changes in the body during the menstrual cycle. The fluctuation of estrogen and progesterone hormones, release in the follicular phase and the luteal phase of menstrual cycle, respectively play an important role in the growth of breast ducts and lobules (milk glands). The imbalance of these hormones causes breast tumors/cysts. The body core temperature, blood perfusion and metabolism rate are higher in the luteal phase than the follicular phase of menstrual cycle. In the present work, a tumor/cyst is assumed to be in the glandular layer. A two-dimensional Pennes bioheat equation is solved to find the temperature variation in breast tissue with and without tumor/cyst during the menstrual cycle by using the finite element method. The results show that the temperature of each layer of breast tissue in the luteal phase is higher than the follicular phase in the case of normal breast, tumorous breast and breast with cyst.
Method of structural functional-value modeling of a complex system with a mixed combination of subsystems
Authors:   Military-Diplomatic Academy named after Eugene Bereznyak, Korobchynskyi M. , Slonov M. ,   Military-Diplomatic Academy named after Eugene Bereznyak, Maryliv O. ,   Military-Diplomatic Academy named after Eugene Bereznyak, Lysenko S. ,   Military-Diplomatic Academy named after Eugene Bereznyak, Lehominova S. ,   State University of Telecommunications, Lytvynska S. ,   National aviation university
Published: May 2021

The improved method of structural functional-value analysis of a complex system with a mixed combination of subsystems in an analytical approximation of the value dependences on the level of functional suitability is proposed. The minimization of the value of a complex system under the condition it fulfills its functional purpose at a given level is proposed to be implemented by the method of Lagrange multipliers. The application of the developed method allows checking the possibility of the monitoring system to perform its functional tasks with a given level of perfection as well as the identification of the opportunities for structural and parametric simplification of the system. This method is adapted for use at different levels of a priori uncertainty of the input data and can be useful at all stages of a complex system existence: development, operation, and disposal. In addition, it can be used to study low formalized and informalized complex systems.
Synchronization of time invariant uncertain delayed neural networks in finite time via improved sliding mode control
Authors:   Government Arts College, Coimbatore, India, Jayanthi N. , Santhakumari R. ,   Government Arts College, Coimbatore, India; Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India
Published: May 2021

This paper explores the finite-time synchronization problem of delayed complex valued neural networks with time invariant uncertainty through improved integral sliding mode control. Firstly, the master-slave complex valued neural networks are transformed into two real valued neural networks through the method of separating the complex valued neural networks into real and imaginary parts. Also, the interval uncertainty terms of delayed complex valued neural networks are converted into the real uncertainty terms. Secondly, a new integral sliding mode surface is designed by employing the master-slave concept and the synchronization error of master-slave systems such that the error system can converge to zero in finite-time along the constructed integral sliding mode surface. Next, a suitable sliding mode control is designed by using Lyapunov stability theory such that state trajectories of the system can be driven onto the pre-set sliding mode surface in finite-time. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Study of calcium profile in neuronal cells with respect to temperature and influx due to potential activity
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Vasantrao Naik Mahavidyalaya, Aurangabad, India, Patil J. V. , Vaze A. N. ,   Department of First Year Engineering, Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, Pune, India, Sharma L. ,   Department of First Year Engineering, Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, Pune, India, Bachhav A. ,   Navin Jindal School of Management, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
Published: May 2021

Calcium is a critically important second messenger in the nervous system. It enters through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and regulates the release of the synaptic transmitter. This mechanism is monitored by calcium diffusion, buffering mechanism and calcium influx into the cytoplasm. The study of Ca2+ dynamics is interesting because the concentration of Ca2+ shows highly complex spatial-temporal behavior. There are many controls on the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. First, it is heavily buffered (i.e., bound) by large proteins and second control is that of the variable diffusion coefficient. The diffusion coefficient is directly proportional to the temperature and inversely proportional to the viscosity. In this paper, the one-dimensional steady-state case with boundary conditions has been studied to understand the Ca2+ distribution in neuronal cells incorporating diffusion of calcium, point source, excess buffer approximation (EBA), an influx due to the calcium current. Moreover, the dependency of Ca2+ concentration based on the variable diffusion coefficient is studied. The finite element method (FEM) has been employed to obtain the solutions.
Perancangan Alat Ukur Pergeseran Tanah Skala Laboratorium
Authors: Mahardika yoga darmawan
Published: May 2021

Peristiwa tanah longsor merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang sering terjadi di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Peristiwa ini terjadi dengan durasi yang cepat sehingga sering kali menimbulkan kerugian material. Untuk meminimalisasikan kerugian tersebut, perlu dilakukan metode pendeteksian fisis kejadian longsor dengan menggunakan sensor untuk mengukur pergeseran tanah. Pada penelitian sensor pergeseran tanah yang digunakan adalah potensiometer dan linear variable differensial transduser geser (LVDT) berbiaya rendah. Selain itu data fisis tambahan lainnya yang digunakan adalah sensor kelembabam tanah dan kemiringan tanah. Sistem sensor diujicoba pada skala laboratorium untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap pergeseran tanah. Nilai potensiometer geser dan LVDT dapat mengukur pegeseran tanah 0.5 mm dan menghasilkan grafik yang berpola linear dengan nilai galat rata rata 2%. Sistem tersebut juga disambungkan ke sistem IoT dengan jeda pengiriman data ke platform 15 detik.
Implementasi Stepper 28BYJ-48 dan Servo MG996R sebagai Robot Lengan Pemanggang pada Alat Pemanggang Sate Otomatis Berbasis Arduino UNO
Authors: Muhammad Satria Nugroho Angga
Published: May 2021

Intisari — Di industri hampir semua pabrik-pabrik memanfaatkan sistem otomasi, dikarenakan hasil lebih cepat serta kualitas yang dihasilkan lebih baik tentunya menjadi faktor utama pemanfaatan sistem otomasi ini. Namun di industri rumahan seperti warung sate jarang sekai ditemukan pemanfaatan teknologi otomasi ini. Maka dibutuhkan alat yang mampu melakukan proses memanggsang sate secara otomatis. Didapatkan solusi dengan menciptakan robot lengan pemanggang yang mampu merekayasa proses pemanggangan sate berdasarkan mekanisme motor stepper 28BYJ-48 serta motor servo MG996R dengan kendali berbasis Arduino uno. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif fan penelitian eksperimen. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara observasi langsung terhdap alat serta wawancara kepada pedagang sate. Hasil yang didapatkan bahwa robot lengan pemanggang mampu menjalankan tugasnya dengan optimal.

Kata kunci — Otomasi, sate, robot lengan.

 

Abstract — In industry, almost all factories use an automation system, because the results are faster and the quality is better, of course, are the main factors in the utilization of this automation system. However, in home industries such as satay stalls, it is rare to find the use of this automation technology. So we need a tool that is capable of baking the satay automatically. The solution was obtained by creating a roasting arm robot capable of engineering the satay roasting process based on the 28BYJ-48 stepper motor mechanism and the MG996R servo motor with Arduino uno based control. This research is a qualitative research, quantitative experimental research fan. Data were collected by direct observation of the tools and interviews with satay traders. The results show that the roasting arm robot is able to carry out its duties optimally.

Keywords— Automation, satay, robotic arm.
Penjadwalan Ekonomis dan Emisi Pembangkit Listrik Hidro dan Termal dalam Sistem 150 KV di Kalimantan Selatan dan Kalimantan Tengah menggunakan Algoritma Dragonfly
Authors: Wibowo Bayu Setyo
Published: May 2021

Seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan ekonomi di daerah Kalimantan Selatan kebutuhan listrik menjadi semakin bertambah. Sistem kelistrikan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan sebagian besar dipasok dari Sistem Barito, Sistem Barito merupakan sistem interkoneksi kelistrikan terbesar di Kalimantan Selatan dengan jaringan transmisi 150 kV dan 70 Kv. Sistem tenaga listrik yang baik selain memperhatikan sektor ekonomis dan keandalan, dibutuhkan juga sistem yang memperhatikan dampak terhadap lingkungan karena hal inilah optimasi sistem pembangkit listrik diperlukan untuk dilakukan penjadwalan agar optimal secara ekonomis dalam suatu operasi pembangkitan energi listrik. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan penjadwalan ekonomis dan emisi untuk pembangkit listrik hidro dan termal menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak Matlab 2016. Pada penelitian didapatkan hasil dari simulasi Dragonfly Algorithm menunjukkan bahwa faktor pembobotan berpengaruh kepada biaya pembangkitan. Jika faktor pembobotan lebih diprioritaskan pada faktor ekonomis, maka biaya pembangkitan akan murah, namun memiliki nilai emisi yang tinggi, begitu pula sebaliknya.

 

Kata kunci — Sistem Barito, Sistem tenaga listrik, Pembangkit Hidro dan pembangkit Termal, Dragonfly Algorithm.
Corrosion Analysis of Oil Drilling Pipes On Mobile RIG 42.3 N1500 E In Prabumulih
Authors: Agustriono Elfidiah, Kiagus Ahmad Roni,
Published: May 2021

In the oil, gas, and geothermal drilling industry, the use of drill pipe is very important to increase the length of the drilling depth. Problems that are often encountered in drilling pipes such as broken, bent, and leaking drilling pipes, one of which is caused by corrosion. Corrosion is the degradation of materials (usually metals) due to the electrochemical reaction of these materials with their environment. This study uses a specimen of carbon steel pipe type G105 where this pipe is used in field drilling. From the results of research on the corrosion rate test, the corrosion rate value is obtained in mm / month. This study took the first drill pipe sample starting from May 2018 to October 2019 with the same sample code with a sample size of 69 pipes. Based on the research results, the largest corrosion rate value in the drilling pipe from May 2018 to October 2019 is 0.12 mm / month. In the research, the smallest remaining life of the drilling pipe is 6.2 months. Of the 69 drilling pipes studied, there were 11 drilling pipe samples that had decreased quality to class 2. Based on the results of Scanning Electron Microscopy photos, the condition of the pipe surface morphology after corrosion and there was surface damage after corrosion.
Rheological Characteristics of Dammar Mata Kuching
Authors: Elida Purba Chairul Umam, Azhar,
Published: May 2021

Rheology is already defined as the science of flow and deformation of matter. The purpose of rheology is to look at the relationships between stress and deformation of the material-marterial (non-Newtonian) in order to explain its mechanical properties. One of the ingredients that is often used as a basic material for making products is dammar. Dammar is a general term used to name a material in the form of natural resin which is the result of exudation of trees from the Dipterocarpaceae and Burseraccae families. This research uses raw materials dammar and toluene which are used to make a solution of dammar with the proportion of dammar: toluene, namely 50: 50, 40: 60, 35: 65, and 30: 70. Then the rheological analysis is analyzed by measuring the viscosity value, the shear rate. , and also its shear stress. The viscosity value increases with the greater the shear rate and the value of n (Flow Behavior index) is> 1, indicating that a solution of resin is a fluid with a type of dilatan fluid.

 

Keywords: dammar, deformation, rheology, shear rate, shear stress.
Electric Field Waveforms of Very Close Negative Cloud to Ground Flashes
Authors: Mohd Riduan Ahmad Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin,
Published: May 2021

Negative cloud-to-ground brings down negative charge from cloud to ground. In this paper, observations of the characteristics of fast and slow electric field within reversal distance (less than 7-8 km from lightning sensor) are reported. A total of four negative cloud to ground lashes detected very close to our measurement site in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka on 12th November 2019 were selected for analysis. The captured waveforms are compared with the location data provided by Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research (TNBR) for validation purposes. It can be observed that electric field changes of stepped leader and return stroke are always positive whether beyond or within reversal distance. Meanwhile, for cloud activities, the electric field change is always negative within reversal distance.
Duas décadas da Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental: percepções de professores no contexto de uma escola pública de Pernambuco
Authors: Nunes de Farias Filho Everaldo , De Oliveira Farias Carmen Roselaine
Published: May 2021

O artigo é um relato de experiência e tem como objetivo compreender as percepções que um grupo de professores da educação básica possui acerca do texto da Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental (Pnea) e apresentar uma metodologia aplicada à análise e discussão coletiva do texto da lei em um contexto de formação continuada de professores. O estudo fez parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado que investigou processos de construção de significados referentes à Pnea durante a elaboração de um projeto curricular de educação ambiental (EA) no contexto da escola. A metodologia empregada incluiu a leitura coletiva e reflexiva do texto da política, usando situações fictícias para suscitar o debate. A análise dos dados dialoga com referenciais teóricos da vertente crítica da EA. Como principais resultados, notamos que os participantes tendem a considerar a lei um documento acabado a ser implementado de modo direto na prática. Poucos professores emitiram posicionamentos críticos a respeito da Pnea. A forma de inserção da EA em contextos escolares, a formação de professores em EA, a fiscalização do cumprimento das orientações da Pnea e a participação ativa da sociedade nos problemas ambientais foramos temas que emergiram com maior intensidade nas discussões entre os professores.
O que avalia a prova do Enade de Química? Uma proposta de análise em termos de operações cognitivas
Authors: Lima da Silva Márcia Gorette , Marur Mazzé Fernanda
Published: May 2021

O Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade) busca avaliar o rendimento dos concluintes dos cursos de graduação em termos de conteúdos programáticos e competências adquiridas durante a formação no ensino superior. Além disso, um dos seus objetivos consiste em contribuir com elementos aos cursos de graduação ao disponibilizar informações pertinentes relacionadas ao exame. Concretamente, interessa-nos analisar as questões em função de um novo critério: as operações cognitivas exigidas pelos graduandos ao resolverem as questões do Enade e possíveis elementos que podemos inferir dessa análise. Para tanto, foi necessário elaborar um roteiro com base nos documentos emitidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) e também de acordo com a análise orientada à luz de taxonomia própria das operações cognitivas. Entre os principais resultados, destacamos que, nas provas de 2014 e 2017, poucas questões são de competência específica para o curso de bacharelado; existe disparidade quanto ao nível cognitivo de dificuldade; e há uma desproporção entre as áreas de conhecimento.
O que é um “bom” artigo científico? Concepções de estudantes do curso de Engenharia Elétrica
Authors: Maria da Silva Elizabeth , Ariane Santos Amaro da Silva Maria , Laurentino Cunha Raquel , Silva de Brito Júlia Juliêta
Published: May 2021

Este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar concepções de artigo científico utilizadas por estudantes da área de Engenharia Elétrica de uma universidade federal brasileira. Embora valiosas contribuições já tenham sido dadas em materiais didáticos voltados para a didatização desse gênero, nota-se a escassez de pesquisas sobre os propósitos comunicativos e os significados sociais específicos de artigos científicos produzidos e publicados nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Por isso, o foco deste estudo são as perspectivas dos próprios integrantes de uma dessas áreas: exploram-se aqui entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com estudantes de Engenharia Elétrica, sob uma abordagem qualitativa e uma perspectiva experiencial, tomando como base a metodologia de análise de conteúdo. Fundamentada nos discursos sobre escrita, a análise dos dados conclui que as percepções desses estudantes sobre o que se espera de um “bom” artigo científico apontam duas dimensões: o artigo como prática social e o artigo como prática sociopolítica. As discussões realizadas neste trabalho podem contribuir para ampliar o debate sobre a produção de gêneros acadêmicos.
Educación superior y universidad en América Latina: perspectivas temáticas para debates e investigaciones
Authors: Caregnato Célia Elizabete , Santin Dirce Maria , Del Valle Dámian , Didriksson Takayanagui Axel
Published: May 2021

Educación superior y universidad son temas de gran interés a nivel mundial y que reúnen esfuerzos de múltiples agentes y disciplinas. A partir de las configuraciones del campo de la educación superior y de los debates de la Cátedra Unesco Universidad e Integración Regional, este artículo analiza temas emergentes en América Latina, con énfasis en las realidades nacionales de Argentina, México y Brasil. Con enfoque ensayístico, discute los temas relevantes para los tres países y señala los desafíos para el debate político y la investigación académica en la tercera década del milenio. La metodología utilizada para la discusión del ensayo incluyó una revisión de la literatura y el tratamiento de casos nacionales. La literatura y los estudios indican que la educación superior es un campo emergente en la región, con importantes avances que resultan de la interlocución de esfuerzos académicos y políticos. Mientras la noción de educación superior como derecho gana fuerza en Argentina, México busca la universalización de la educación superior ante un contexto de desigualdades y, en Brasil, conviven preocupaciones con la autonomía universitaria y barreras para la ampliación del acceso a la educación superior. Las reflexiones son variadas e indican un campo fértil para la investigación, el debate político y las políticas públicas en educación superior en América Latina.
Índice do volume
Authors: Rodrigues da Costa Clarice , Brito Rodrigues Nathany
Published: May 2021

Este índice refere-se às matérias do volume 101 (números 257, 258 e 259) da Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos. Divide-se em três partes, de acordo com os diferentes pontos de acesso: Assuntos, Autores e Títulos.