bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social messages toward women living with spouses who have alcohol use disorder
Authors: Sobol‐Goldberg Shira , Izhaki Rotem , Gavriel‐Fried Belle
Published: July 2023

Objective

This study explored the perceptions, lived experiences, and coping approaches of women who live with spouses who have alcohol use disorder (AUD) in response to implicit and explicit messages from professionals and others in their environment.

Background

Women who live with a spouse with AUD are affected by their spouses' behavior and experience high levels of mental stress. These women are viewed as problem‐solvers and rescuers, on the one hand, or as enablers and “codependents” on the other. These attitudes may reflect society's ideas of women's gender‐related caretaking role.

Method

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 women whose spouses had a diagnosis of lifetime AUD.

Results

Content analysis yielded three themes regarding the kinds of messages the women received: responsible and guilty, distanced and silenced, and reinforced and supported. The women indicated internalization of these messages and expressed they felt guilty, ashamed, and excluded, but in some cases, strengthened.

Conclusion

Society and the people around these women bear responsibility for the negative images they internalize.

Implications

Awareness of the implicit and explicit messages conveyed to these women is needed. Specific interventions should be designed to validate their difficulties and support them.
Characterisation of Conventional 87Sr/86Sr Isotope Ratios in Cement, Limestone and Slate Reference Materials Based on an Interlaboratory Comparison Study
Authors: Kazlagić Anera , Rosner Martin , Cipriani Anna , Frick Daniel A. , Glodny Johannes , Hoffmann Elis J. , Hora John M. , Irrgeher Johanna , Lugli Federico , Magna Tomas , Meisel Thomas C. , Meixner Anette , Possolo Antonio , Pramann Axel , Pribil Michael J. , Prohaska Thomas , Retzmann Anika , Rienitz Olaf , Rutherford Daniel , Paula‐Santos Gustavo M. , Tatzel Michael , Widhalm Sara , Willbold Matthias , Zuliani Tea , Vogl Jochen
Published: July 2023

An interlaboratory comparison (ILC) was organised to characterise 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in geological and industrial reference materials by applying the so‐called conventional method for determining 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios. Four cements (VDZ 100a, VDZ 200a, VDZ 300a, IAG OPC‐1), one limestone (IAG CGL ML‐3) and one slate (IAG OU‐6) reference materials were selected, covering a wide range of naturally occurring Sr isotopic signatures. Thirteen laboratories received aliquots of these six reference materials together with a detailed technical protocol. The consensus values for the six reference materials and their associated measurement uncertainties were obtained by applying a Gaussian, linear mixed effects model fitted to all the measurement results. By combining the consensus values and their uncertainties with an uncertainty contribution for potential heterogeneity, reference values ranging from 0.708134 mol mol‐1 to 0.729778 mol mol‐1 were obtained with relative expanded uncertainties of ≤ 0.007 %. This study represents an ILC on conventional 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios, within which metrological principles were considered and the compatibility of measurement results obtained by MC‐ICP‐MS and by MC‐TIMS is demonstrated. The materials characterised in this study can be used as reference materials for validation and quality control purposes and to estimate measurement uncertainties in conventional 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio measurement.
The home state effect: How subnational governments shape climate coalitions
Authors: Meckling Jonas , Trachtman Samuel
Published: July 2023

Organized business interests often seek to block public interest regulations. But whether firms oppose regulation depends on institutional context. We argue that, in federal systems, sub‐national policies and politics can have a home state effect on firms' national policy preferences and the lobbying coalitions they join. State policies that force firms to absorb regulatory cost can reduce the marginal cost of national policies, leading to preference shifts. In addition, firms regulated at the state level have incentives to strategically align with their state governments to avoid future regulatory cost. We test our argument in the context of U.S. climate politics, matching original data on the positions of electric utilities toward the Clean Power Plan and data on ad hoc coalition membership with data measuring state policy stringency and state government positions. Quantitative evidence is consistent with hypotheses: both state policies and state politics influence utilities' positions on national climate policy. Qualitative evidence from elite interviews helps clarify the roles of different mechanisms. Our findings underscore the importance of sub‐national governments in shaping national lobbying coalitions.
Strategies for Bioremediation of Soil from an Industrial Site Exposed to Chlorinated and Nitroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Melo Natanna , Araújo Sofia Pimentel , de Paula Queiroz Kraus Suzana , Lomheim Line , Quintero Paola Barreto , Mack Elizabeth Erin , Edwards Elizabeth A. , Spain Jim , Gavazza Savia
Published: July 2023

As technological advances allow the development of new products, the number of synthetic chemical compounds released into the soil, surface water and groundwater increases, posing a threat to the environment. Therefore, treatability studies to improve bioremediation strategies (biostimulation and bioaugmentation) were applied to samples of soil containing nitro and chlorinated aromatic compounds from a former chemical manufacturing site in Brazil. Native microorganisms were stimulated to degrade compounds including dichloroanilines, dichloronitrobenzenes, 2‐chloronitrobenzene, and 1,2‐chlorobenzene, through oxygen exposure and pH (6.0‐8.4) and moisture content (13‐23%) adjustments. For the inoculation of soil samples, a culture enriched from site groundwater was developed. The aeration alone stimulated the indigenous microbes to degrade some of the compounds. However, reinoculation with an enriched culture and moisture content adjustment increased the attenuation rates by 3.6 and 1.4 times, respectively. The pH values in the range of 7.6 and 8.4 seem not to harm microbes' activity and moisture content higher than 16% is recommended to enhance biodegradation. Based on the findings, it is likely that natural attenuation is happening in aerobic zones at the site. Results indicate both bioremediation strategies (biostimulation and bioaugmentation through reinoculation with enriched culture mainly composed of organisms from the Diaphorobacter genus) are promising strategies to enhance bioremediation. However, considering the applicability of the strategies on a field scale, further experiments will broaden the understanding of biodegradability of compounds, such as their inhibitory effects when in higher concentration (>150 mg/kg), individually or combined.
Dissolvable shower gel tablets with enhanced skin benefits
Authors: Huanbutta Kampanart , Sripirom Patcharapa , Phetthong Panthawat , Thalerngkiatsiri Pimnipa , Kabthong Ngamsil , Sangnim Tanikan , Sriamornsak Pornsak
Published: July 2023

Objective

The excessive use of plastic packaging, even though it is possible to recycle it, is one of the main causes of global warming. In this study, dissolvable shower gel tablets for multiple uses have been developed in order to reduce the use of fresh plastic packaging.

Methods

The appropriate ratio of two surfactants, cocoyl glutamic acid (CGA) and sodium coco sulphate (SCS), was optimized using design of experiments. Additionally, skin hydration of the emollient either omega oil or glycerine was taken into account when determining its concentration. After that, powdered shower gel formulations were made and tested for their properties, including cleaning power, and foamability. On 30 human volunteers, the effects of reconstituted shower gel on skin redness, cleaning effectiveness and overall satisfaction were evaluated.

Results

The study found that, when cleaning power and foam height were taken into account, the proper surfactant ratio was 7.5:0 (SCS:CGA). The 5% glycerine shower gel formula demonstrated significantly greater skin hydration than other formulas. The in vivo study's findings demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference between selected formulas (5% glycerine and 2.5% omega oil) in terms of cleaning ability. Comparing both formulas to the control, neither showed any skin redness. Additionally, it was discovered that the developed products were much more effective at cleaning and easier to use when washing for the volunteers than regular liquid soap. Overall satisfaction and the moisturizing feel were not significantly different among all products.

Conclusion

The formula with 7.5% SCS and 5% glycerine is said to be the best one for both cleaning ability and moisturizing effect. These findings suggest that dissolvable shower gel tablets with enhanced skin benefits could offer a promising innovation in the personal care industry.
In the melting pot of web‐crawled texts: The challenges of extracting English words from Croatian corpora
Authors: Čolakovac Jasmina Jelčić , Borucinsky Mirjana
Published: July 2023

The focus of this paper are English words and phrases used in Croatian which, unlike loanwords, have not undergone major adaptations at the orthographic, phonetic, or other levels apart from being influenced by the inflectional system of the recipient language. A list of English words in Croatian corpora was compiled using automatic algorithm extraction, corpus query language inSketch Engine, and manual word list evaluation with the end goal of publishing the first comprehensive online database of English words in Croatian. TheENGRIcorpus of Croatian was created by web crawling procedure and used together with the existing CroatianhrWaC 2.2 RFTaggercorpus to produce a list of English words and phrases. In this paper, word list compilation issues are discussed in relation to both general issues encountered in the study of interlingual lexical types (such as false cognates, antonomasia, and polysemy) as well as Croatian‐specific language properties such as its inflectional system and diacritical marks. In conclusion, we propose that manual evaluation is an indispensable method and a necessary complement to computational linguistic tools in the creation of word lists and databases of foreign words in other languages.
Relational dynamics in information technology outsourcing: An integrative review and future research directions
Authors: Ngah Elvis , Tjemkes Brian , Dekker Henri
Published: July 2023

This paper reviews the literature on relational dynamics in information technology outsourcing (ITO) relationships, a type of interorganizational relationship (IOR) between client and vendor firms that can vary considerably in complexity. While relational dynamics are understood to reflect changes in an IOR ex‐post contract which can substantially influence relationship performance and development, prior IOR research is limited in its conceptualization. The extensive ITO literature offers fertile ground for exploring this limitation but has advanced different conceptualizations and is fragmented in empirical findings, which warrants a systematic assessment. We conduct an integrative review of 127 peer‐reviewed empirical studies to enhance our understanding of the constituents of relational dynamics. The findings reveal that relational dynamics involve the occurrence and management of tensions within and across four relationship development stages (transactional, strategic, transformational, and termination). For each stage and between stages, we identify the main tension, the firms’ strategies to manage the tension, and the outcomes. Based on these findings, we develop an integrative framework that offers a comprehensive and multifaceted conceptualization of relational dynamics, revealing that as ITO arrangements progress (or regress), partner firms are confronted with structural and transitional tensions inherent in relationship stability and instability. Based on this framework, we offer future directions for developing a more comprehensive understanding of relational dynamics in ITO and, more broadly, IORs.
Improving health care efficiency one click at a time
Authors: Bacchi Stephen , Kovoor Joshua , Gupta Aashray , Tan Sheryn , Sherbon Tony , Bersten Andrew , O'Callaghan Patrick G. , Chan Weng O.
Published: July 2023

Computers are an integral component of modern hospitals. Mouse clicks are currently inherent to this use of computers. However, mouse clicks are not instantaneous. These clicks may be associated with significant costs. Estimated costs associated with 10 additional clicks per day for 20 000 staff exceed AU$500 000 annually. Workflow modifications that increase clicks should weigh the potential benefits of such changes against these costs. Future investigation of strategies to reduce low‐value clicks may provide an avenue for health care savings.
Nurses’ experiences of perceiving violence and abuse of women in Saudi Arabia: A phenomenological study
Authors: Alshammari Alkadi , Evans Catrin , Mcgarry Julie
Published: July 2023

Aim

To explore the practices, understanding, and experiences of nurses and nursing students about domestic violence and abuse in Saudi Arabia.

Background

Domestic violence and abuse is a well‐known public health issue and a clear violation of human rights resulting in detrimental effects on women's health.

Introduction

Societal and cultural barriers in Saudi Arabia limit women's rights and disclosure of violence within marriage and families, preventing access to health care and support. There are few reports of this phenomenon in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

We used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to acquire in‐depth insights into nurses’ perceptions and experiences regarding domestic violence and abuse. Eighteen nurses and student nurses were recruited from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using convenience sampling. Data were gathered between October 2017 and February 2018 through in‐depth semistructured interviews, organized using NVivo 12 and analyzed manually to identify consistent themes. This study adhered to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research.

Findings

An overarching concept of “being disempowered” was identified, which was present at three levels: a lack of nurses’ professional preparation, insufficient organizational structures and processes, and wider social and cultural components.

Conclusion

This study provides an in‐depth account of nurses’ practices, understanding, and experiences of domestic violence and abuse, highlighting the sensitivity and difficulties of addressing the problem in hospitals across Saudi Arabia and potentially other similar countries.

Implications

The study's findings will inform the development of nursing education and practice in Saudi Arabia, as well as pave the way toward formulating effective strategies with needed modifications in curriculum, organizations, policy, procedures, and laws.
Understanding the sustainable banking practices: Empirical evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Gautam Vikas
Published: July 2023

The objective of the current study was to design and test a conceptual framework for examining the drivers of customer intentions to use sustainable banking practices and services. This research applied the theory of planned behaviour, adding environmental knowledge (ENK) as a construct in addition to its fundamental variables. The primary data was acquired using a field survey method from a cross‐sectional sample of 207 Indian bank customers. Covariance‐based structural equation modelling technique was employed to test the study model. The findings demonstrated that one's attitude towards sustainable banking services is significantly influenced by one's ENK. No evidence of a significant mediation function for attitude towards sustainable banking services was found, which would have provided empirical support for the indirect relationship between ENK and purchase intentions. The findings also confirmed that purchasing intentions had a significant impact on actual behaviour. In particular, female bank customers showed higher levels of effects of consumer perceived efficacy and control over availability on buy intentions. The findings imply that bank managers should employ a sensible combination of old and modern communication channels to emphasize the value of a pollution‐free environment to the public.
A decomposition algorithm for multi‐item production planning with independent random demand
Authors: Kafiabad Shayan Tavakoli , Zanjani Masoumeh Kazemi , Nourelfath Mustapha
Published: July 2023

Production planning in a multiproduct setting where the demands for different items are independent random variables that are also featured with a dynamic behavior over the planning horizon is a challenging task. With a particular focus on maintenance facilities, this study proposes a multistage stochastic programming (MSP) model for operations planning under independent random demand of faulty components in the modular‐structured devices (e.g., gas turbines) received for repair and overhaul services. A Lagrangian relaxation‐based decomposition heuristic is also developed to efficiently solve the problem for real‐size instances. This heuristic relies on decomposing the MSP model into submodels corresponding to component STs and coordinating them via a subgradient algorithm to obtain a high‐quality feasible solution. Our numerical experiments conducted on a range of problem instances endorse the significant value of incorporating demand uncertainty and the effectiveness of the proposed solution methodology in overcoming computational complexity.
Effect of drainage versus no drainage after thyroid surgery on wound complications, a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wu Yi , Liu Xiaoqi , Han Jianli , Zhao Jun
Published: July 2023

A meta‐analysis study was used to assess whether not placing a drain after thyroidectomy reduces postoperative wound complications. A critical review of the comprehensive literature up to May 2023 was conducted using four databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the web of science. Fourteen interrelated studies were reviewed after passing the inclusion and exclusion criteria established by the study and assessing the quality of the literature.95% confidence intervals (Cl) and odds ratios (OR) were calculated using fixed effects models. The data were meta‐analysed using RevMan 5.3 software. The results showed that the use of drains during thyroid surgery did not have a favourable impact on patients. Intraoperative placement of drains did not reduce postoperative wound haematoma formation in patients, (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.54, 1.36 p = 0.52). However, the incidence of postoperative wound infection was significantly higher in patients with drains used in intraoperative thyroid surgery, (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.10, 0.45 p < 0.0001). As the sample size of the randomised controlled study used for this meta‐analysis was limited, it is important to approach the findings with caution when interpreting the results.Conducting additional high‐quality research with larger sample sizes is crucial in order to further confirm these results and reduce the likelihood of duplication.
Prostate cancer patients' experiences and preferences for web‐based physical activity applications: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Zhang Rui , Sun Jiao , Zheng Xiaowen , Liu Min , Wang Haifeng , Wang Xiaoxue , Guan Jingjing
Published: July 2023

Background

The incidence of prostate cancer increases with age. Physical activity can improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. However, studies have observed lower levels of physical activity in men with prostate cancer, and most do not meet physical activity guidelines. Web‐based physical activity is a promising form of exercise that will play an important role in prostate cancer patients.

Aims

To synthesise the experiences and preferences of prostate cancer patients for web‐based PA applications, thereby providing a basis for the construction of intervention programs tailored to the needs of patients.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and three Chinese databases. This review includes qualitative empirical reports from the date of establishment of the respective databases until April 2023. Data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers and study quality was assessed.

Results

A total of nine studies were included. The experiences and preferences of prostate cancer patients with web‐based physical activity apps were synthesised into the following three analysis themes: (1) Pursuing individualised management strategies; (2) Perceiving and seeking social support and (3) Moving forwards in the struggle.

Conclusion

Our study found that men with prostate cancer experienced greater challenges in engaging in physical activity. Because of individual differences between patients, health care providers need to provide care that is tailored to each patient. Future studies should further explore the specific effects of web‐based PA applications in promoting the physical function of prostate cancer patients to increase their flexibility.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

This article synthesises prostate cancer patients' experiences with web‐based physical activity applications, highlighting their specific information needs. The results suggest several implications for the application of individualised management strategies, the perception and search for social support, and health‐ literacy. The results of this study will inform future research and program design that recognises the importance of patient‐centred efforts to better self‐manage physical function.

Patient or Public Contribution

In the early stages of the study, objectives and subsequent findings were presented and discussed in a meeting with a reference group that represented patients, health professionals and the public.
The Legacy of Matthew Shepard: Queer Erasure and the Lives of Rural LGBTQ+ Young Adults
Authors: Tabler Jennifer , Pinkham Racheal , Schmitz Rachel M. , Golladay Katelyn
Published: July 2023

Applying a queer historical framework, this study examines the legacy of Matthew Shepard while centering the perspectives of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, Two–Spirit, and other people of expansive genders or sexualities (LGBTQ+). In particular, this study highlights the varied responses of LGBTQ+ people during and after his murder, and how queer young adults living and working in Wyoming today have been shaped by Shepard's legacy. Drawing on evidence from archival and interview data (n = 23 interviews), we argue that the social process of collective memory endemic to Matthew Shepard has largely been one of erasure—not erasure of the incident itself, but erasure of historical and contemporary queer activism, community, and resistance in the region. For many young people, Matthew Shepard's legacy is that of a cautionary tale. His name is invoked by allies and anti‐LGBTQ+ people alike to deter LGBTQ+ visibility, thereby constructing and reifying a heteronormative imagining of rural America. This study illustrates the value and importance of expanding queer history to represent rural queer voices in diverse, nuanced, and accurate ways. We also make a call for Sociologists to examine how they, too, may be perpetuating rural queer erasure within their scholarship.
Clinical findings and kidney morphology in chronic kidney disease of unknown cause in India
Authors: Wijkström Julia , Annadata Kumar Chakravarthy , Elinder Carl‐Gustaf , Kolla Praveen Kumar , Sarvepalli Narayana Rao , Ring Anneli , Swaminathan Rajendiran , Gunabooshanam Barathi , Söderberg Magnus , Venugopal Vidhya , Wernerson Annika
Published: July 2023

Background

Chronic kidney disease of unknown cause (CKDu) is an emerging health problem in India and other countries worldwide. However, clinical descriptions, including kidney pathology, are scarce.

Methods

This is a descriptive case series of patients with CKDu from an endemic region in India, with a focus on clinical and biochemical characteristics, kidney biopsy findings, and environmental exposure. Patients with suspected CKDu, aged 20–65, and eGFR 30–80 mL/min/1.73 m2from rural areas with endemic prevalence of CKDu were included. The exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, proteinuria >1 g/24 h, or other known kidney diseases. The participants underwent kidney biopsies, and blood and urine samples were collected.

Results

Fourteen participants (3 females, 11 males) with a mean eGFR of 53 (range 29–78) mL/min/1.73 m2were included. Kidney biopsies showed a combination of chronic tubulointerstitial damage, glomerulosclerosis, and glomerular hypertrophy, with varying degrees of interstitial inflammation. Eight participants had polyuria (diuresis ≥ 3 L/day). The urinary sediments were bland, with no haematuria. Serum potassium and sodium levels were, in most cases, normal but within the lower reference interval.

Conclusion

The kidney morphology and clinical characteristics in patients with CKDu in India were similar to those described for CKDu in Central America and Sri Lanka.
Effect of CDC adjustment of state‐reported data on community water fluoridation statistics
Authors: Hamilton Erin K. , Griffin Susan O. , Espinoza Lorena
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Advancing community water fluoridation (CWF) coverage is a national health objective. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began adjusting state‐reported data to calculate CWF coverage in 2012, and then modified methods in 2016. We evaluate improvements attributable to data adjustment and implications for interpreting trends.

Methods

To assess adjustment, we compared the percentage deviation of state‐reported data and data adjusted by both methods to the standard estimated by the U.S. Geological Survey. To assess effects on estimated CWF trends, we compared statistics calculated with data adjusted by each method.

Results

The 2016 method outperformed on all points of evaluation. The CWF national objective measure (percentage of community water system population receiving fluoridated water) was negligibly affected by method. Percentage of US population receiving fluoridated water was lower with the 2016 method versus the 2012.

Conclusions

Adjustment of state‐reported data improved overall quality of CWF coverage measures and had minimal impact on key measures.
Fecal acute phase proteins in cats with chronic enteropathies
Authors: Karra Dimitra A. , Chadwick Chris C. , Stavroulaki Evangelia M. , Pitropaki Matina N. , Flouraki Evgenia , Allenspach Karin , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Steiner Joerg M. , Xenoulis Panagiotis G.
Published: July 2023

Background

Chronic enteropathies (CE) are common in cats and reliable biomarkers that can distinguish different causes and predict or monitor response to treatment are currently lacking.

Hypothesis

To evaluate certain acute phase proteins in feces that could potentially be used as biomarkers in cats with CE.

Animals

Twenty‐eight cats with either inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n = 13), food‐responsive enteropathy (FRE; n = 3) or small cell gastrointestinal lymphoma (SCGL; n = 12) and 29 healthy control cats were prospectively enrolled.

Methods

Fecal concentrations of haptoglobin, alpha‐1‐acid‐glycoprotein (AGP), pancreatitis‐associated protein‐1 (PAP‐1), ceruloplasmin, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were measured using Spatial Proximity Analyte Reagent Capture Luminescence (SPARCL) immunoassays before and after initiation of treatment. Cats were treated with diet and/or prednisolone (IBD cats), plus chlorambucil (SCGL cats).

Results

Compared with controls, median fecal AGP concentrations were significantly lower (25.1 vs 1.8 μg/g;P = .003) and median fecal haptoglobin (0.17 vs 0.5 μg/g), PAP‐1 (0.04 vs 0.4 μg/g) and ceruloplasmin (0.15 vs 4.2 μg/g) concentrations were significantly higher (P < .001) in cats with CE. Median fecal AGP concentrations were significantly lower (P = .01) in cats with IBD and FRE (0.6 μg/g) compared with cats with SCGL (10.75 μg/g). A significant reduction was found in CE cats after treatment for median fecal ceruloplasmin concentrations (6.36 vs 1.16 μg/g;P = .04).

Conclusions

Fecal AGP concentration shows promise to differentiate cats with SCGL from cats with IBD and FRE. Fecal ceruloplasmin concentrations may be useful to objectively monitor response to treatment in cats with CE.
Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma arising in dentinogenic ghost cell tumor, peripheral: A case report
Authors: Sakamoto Shinnichi , Ando Toshinori , Mizuta Kuniko , Ono Shigehiro , Konishi Masaru , Miyauchi Mutsumi , Ogawa Ikuko
Published: July 2023

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is an extremely rare intraosseous malignant odontogenic tumor with prominent ghost cell keratinization and dentinoid formation. Here, we present the first case of GCOC arising in dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT), peripheral. The patient was a man in his 60s with an exophytic mass in the anterior part of lower gingiva. The resected tumor measured 4.5 cm in maximum diameter. Histologically, the nonencapsulated tumor proliferated in the gingiva without bone invasion. It was predominantly composed of ameloblastoma‐like nests and islands of basaloid cells with ghost cells and dentinoid in the mature connective tissue, suggesting DGCT, peripheral. As minor components, sheets of atypical basaloid cells and ameloblastic carcinoma‐like nests with pleomorphism and high proliferative activity (Ki‐67 labeling index up to 40%) consistent with malignancy were identified. CTNNB1 mutation and β‐catenin nuclear translocation were observed in both benign and malignant components. Final diagnosis was GCOC arising in DGCT, peripheral. GCOC shows similar histological features to DGCT. In this unique case without invasion, the cytological atypia and high proliferative activity supports the diagnosis of malignant transformation from DGCT.
Crime and economic growth: A case study of Manaus, Brazil
Authors: Drugowick Pedro , Pereda Paula Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Brazil became the seventh largest economy in the world in 2012. In the same year, the country was responsible for 13% of all worldwide murders. Despite the economic advances, crime is increasing over time in the country. This study explores the impact of organized crime on local economies, focusing on the case of Manaus, Brazil, and the emergence of the criminal group Família do Norte (FDN). We employ a synthetic control method to analyze the economic effects of the FDN's presence in Manaus. The findings reveal a significant negative impact on the city's economic growth and prosperity, with Manaus experiencing a 2% per year lower GDP per capita compared to what it would have been without the FDN. Robustness checks confirme this result, showing how organized crime can disrupt the country's economic advances.
Cancer in buccal mucosa in patients with Fanconi anemia: Report of six cases
Authors: Mattos da Silva Priscila Queiroz , Ballardin Bárbara Soldatelli , Torres‐Pereira Cassius Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive hereditary disease characterized by bone marrow failure, and the treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Patients diagnosed with FA are more predisposed to develop oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and this risk increases in transplant patients. The clinical characteristics of the oral manifestations of SCC in this group of patients do not differ from the lesions present in patients without the disease; however, they can be diagnosed in young patients and less common locations, such as, for example, in the buccal mucosa.

Objective

To report a case series of patients diagnosed with FA with oral SCC.

Method

Included in this case series are six patients diagnosed with SCC in the buccal mucosa with similar clinical characteristics.

Final considerations

There are still difficulties in establishing the natural history of oral lesions in patients with FA. Thus, disclosing a series of cases with similar changes may be relevant to improving and refining the multidisciplinary team's clinical view of suspected SCC or oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), providing surveillance and timely management.
Emergency welfare states in action: Social policy adaptations to COVID‐19 in the Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia
Authors: Sirovátka Tomáš , Saxonberg Steven , Csudai Eduard
Published: July 2023

This article analyses the developments of the welfare state's reaction to the pandemic in Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia during 2020–2022, asking whether the changes in social policy represent only temporary responses to the challenges of the pandemic, or if the changes will likely lead to long‐run transformative changes in social policies. All three countries applied emergency adaptive changes to some extent except for job protection, as the short‐time work schemes represent a permanent change in Czechia and Slovakia. Furthermore, the absorption capacity of the welfare state was relatively good, which enabled the countries to avoid the negative social impacts of the crisis in terms of increased unemployment, poverty, and social exclusion. We argue the governments did not introduce permanent third‐order change because they already introduced such changes during the transition to the market economy in which they introduced a low‐expenditure welfare state trajectory. During the pandemic, this trajectory limited their fiscal space for introducing reforms that could radically expand the welfare state. Policy learning and political constellations also had some influence.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Readiness to Practise among Malaysian Undergraduate Engineering Students Towards Disaster Management Preparedness
Authors: Tarlochan Faris , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Khamidi Mohd Faris , Muthalifa Asan
Published: July 2023

Malaysian National Security Council (MNSC) defines disaster as an incident that occurs unexpectedly, resulting in the loss of lives and damage to properties, environment and daily activities of the local community. Disastrous events such as floods, earthquakes, terrorism, increase in population, cyber-attacks, pandemics, rising sea levels, economic recessions, urbanization, etc., have been increasing globally and also in Malaysia. The wellbeing of our Malaysian communities depends on a complex web of institutions, infrastructure and information. To reduce the disaster risk and impact, various efforts have to be in place to prepare and empower the community. As such, this paper is positioned at understanding this preparedness level among undergraduate engineering students in Malaysia. During emergencies, such undergraduate students should be able to rise and assist in national development from a disaster. In this study, we are focused to evaluate the engineering students in Malaysia in particular for knowledge (K), attitude (A) and readiness to practice (rP) regarding disaster preparedness. This is an exploratory study done through a questionnaire distributed among engineering undergraduate students in some selected public (one) and private universities (two) in Malaysia. Almost half of the participants understood that Malaysia is at risk of disasters and that these disasters come in many size and shapes. These participants also significantly understand the potential of risk of emergencies in Malaysia. However, the respondents indicated that they have not had real exposure or handling experience on this topic. There was a huge agreement that there is a lack of support from local officials in terms of organizational logistics and roles among local and national agencies in disaster response. This study has shown that the literature is scarce in terms of understanding the student agency for disaster preparedness. There is a need for relevant stakeholders like the Board of Engineers Malaysia to prepare engineering undergraduates for disaster management to strengthen the social fabric towards such risks.
Institutional Practice for Engineering Students Employability: Automate Offline Employability Tracking Instrument with Data Mining
Authors: Abdul Rahman Nor Farahwahidah , Abdul Rahman Nor Farahaida
Published: July 2023

The analysis of graduate employability is substantial to interpret Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) capability to produce career-ready graduates. Therefore, data gathering related to employment and employability to assess the current trends is crucial. However, developing a fast and accurate programming language for analysing enormous data is a challenging task. This paper presents an Automate Offline Employability (AOE) data analysis using a spreadsheet program; it reduces the time consumption in analysing lots of data and increases data analysis accuracy. The system utilises various Excel formulas and functions to execute multitasking algorithms simultaneously. The instrument can sort the data according to various study fields, matching the initial and current data, analysing them based on employability attributes, and generating multiple interpretable graphs. It can also extract the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) of email and WhatsApp of graduate. Additionally, it has a desktop layout to help the user retrieve any information with a single click. All functions provided by the instrument has successfully executed and verified to achieve the design objectives. Using the instrument, the user can only gather 211 data within 12 days. The instrument provides various information such as the percentage of employment status, field of work, salary, and entrepreneurship.
Hypercontractive inequalities for weighted Bergman spaces
Authors: Melentijević Petar
Published: July 2023

We obtain sharp hypercontractive inequalities for the weighted Bergman spaces on the unit disk with the usual weights for , thus solving an interesting case of a problem from Janson [Ark. Math. 21 (1983), no. 1, 97–110]. We also give some estimates for .
Higher dimensional algebraic fiberings of group extensions
Authors: Kochloukova Dessislava H. , Vidussi Stefano
Published: July 2023

We prove some conditions for the existence of higher dimensional algebraic fibering of group extensions. This leads to various corollaries on incoherence of groups and some geometric examples of algebraic fibers of type but not of some groups including pure braid groups and families of poly‐surface groups that are fundamental groups of complex projective varieties.
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Renewable Energy and Storage Requirements for Grid Reliability and Resource Adequacy
Authors: Ho Clifford K. , Roesler Erika L. , Nguyen Tu , Ellison James
Published: July 2023

This paper provides a study of the potential impacts of climate change on intermittent renewable energy resources and storage requirements for grid reliability and resource adequacy. Climate change models and available regional data were first evaluated to determine uncertainty and potential changes in solar irradiance, temperature, and wind speed within a specific U.S. southwest service area as a case study. These changes were then implemented in solar and wind energy models to determine impacts on renewable energy resources. Results for the extreme climate change scenario show that the projected wind power may decrease by ∼13% due to projected decreases in wind speed. Projected solar power may decrease by ∼4% due to decreases in irradiance and increases in temperature. Uncertainty in these climate-induced changes in wind and solar resources was accommodated in probabilistic models assuming uniform distributions in the annual reductions in solar and wind resources. Uncertainty in battery storage performance was also evaluated based on increased temperature, capacity fade, and degradation in round-trip efficiency. The hourly energy balance among electrical load, generation, and storage was calculated throughout the year. The annual loss of load expectation (LOLE) was found to increase from ∼0 days/year to a median value of ∼2 days/year due to potential reductions in renewable energy resources caused by climate change and decreased battery performance. Significantly increased battery storage was required to reduce the LOLE to desired values of 0.2 days/year.
Hydrodynamic Forces on a Near-Bottom Pipeline Subject to Wave-Induced Boundary Layer
Authors: Yin Guang , Ong Muk Chen , Ye Naiquan
Published: July 2023

Hydrodynamic forces on small diameter subsea pipelines and cables placed near seabed are important for their on-bottom stability design. In offshore environments, these pipelines are usually subjected to extreme wave conditions. The present study investigates hydrodynamic forces acting on a pipeline near a flat seabed subjected to a wave-induced boundary layer flow. The Keulegan–Carpenter numbers of the wave-induced boundary layer flow are 20, 140, and 200, defined based on the pipeline diameter (D), the maximum velocity of the undisturbed near-bed orbital velocity (Uw), and the period of the incoming oscillatory flow (Tw). Reynolds number is 1 × 104 based on Uw and D. A seabed roughness ratio ks/D (ks is the Nikuradse equivalent sand roughness) of up to 0.1 and different gap ratios of G/D = 0.05–0.5 between the pipeline and the seabed are considered. Numerical simulations have been carried out based on two-dimensional (2D) unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations combined with the k–ω shear stress transport turbulence model. A preliminary one-dimensional (1D) simulation is carried out to obtain a fully developed wave-induced boundary layer velocity profile, which is used as inlet flow for the 2D simulations. The numerical model is validated against the experimental data reported by Sumer et al. [1991, “Effect of a Plane Boundary on Oscillatory Flow Around a Circular Cylinder,” J. Fluid Mech., 225, pp. 271–300] at KC = 10. Influences of KC, ks/D, and G/D on the hydrodynamic forces and the surrounding flows are discussed in detail.
Centralspindlin-mediated transport of RhoGEF positions the cleavage plane for cytokinesis
Authors: Warecki Brandt , Tao Li
Published: July 2023

During cytokinesis, the cell membrane furrows inward along a cleavage plane. The positioning of the cleavage plane is critical to faithful cell division and is determined by the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF)–mediated activation of the small guanosine triphosphatase RhoA and the conserved motor protein complex centralspindlin. Here, we explored whether and how centralspindlin mediates the positioning of RhoGEF. In dividing neuroblasts fromDrosophila melanogaster, we observed that immediately before cleavage, first centralspindlin and then RhoGEF localized to the sites where cleavage subsequently initiated. Using in vitro assays with purifiedDrosophilaproteins and stabilized microtubules, we found that centralspindlin directly transported RhoGEF as cargo along single microtubules and sequestered it at microtubule plus-ends for prolonged periods of time. In addition, the binding of RhoGEF to centralspindlin appeared to stimulate centralspindlin motor activity. Thus, the motor activity and microtubule association of centralspindlin can translocate RhoGEF to areas where microtubule plus-ends are abundant, such as at overlapping astral microtubules, to locally activate RhoA and accurately position the cleavage plane during cell division.
Ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm following a shoulder massage on a background of clavicle non-union
Authors: Lawson Jason , Crockett Stephen , Griffiths Dylan , Riga Celia , Sabharwal Sanjeeve , Thomas Robert , Das Rishi
Published: July 2023

We present an unusual case of ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm following hydrotherapy and shoulder massage session on a background of clavicle non-union.

Following a clavicle fracture 16 years ago, which was managed conservatively, a woman in her 30s presents over a decade later with a ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm.

The original midshaft clavicle fracture was sustained 16 years ago. Conservative management was agreed, and she was discharged. Six years ago, she developed a small subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm which was kept under surveillance for 12 months with no active intervention required.

Over the following years, she continued to have intermittent shoulder girdle discomfort and neuropathic symptoms. On this presentation, after a sports massage, she presented with rapid-onset supraclavicular and axillary swelling. This was diagnosed as a ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm and was treated with emergency radiological-guided stenting and subsequent internal fixation of the clavicle non-union.

The patient then attended regular orthopaedic and vascular follow-up to ensure her clavicle fracture unites and the graft remains patent.

We discuss the case presentation and management of this unusual injury.
Does mandibular bone structure predict subsequent height loss? A longitudinal cohort study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Natarajan Gavriilidou Nivetha , Jonasson Grethe , Sundh Valter , Rothenberg Elisabet , Lissner Lauren
Published: July 2023

Background

Several risk factors for loss of height with increasing age have been identified.

Objective

To investigate if mandibular bone structure predicts future height loss in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women.

Design

Prospective cohort study with longitudinally measured heights, radiographical assessments of the cortical bone using Klemetti’s Index (normal, moderate or severely eroded cortex) and classification of the trabecular bone using an index proposed by Lindhet al(sparse, mixed or dense trabeculation). No intervention was performed.

Setting

Gothenburg, Sweden.

Participants

A population-based sample of 937 Swedish women born in 1914, 1922 and 1930 was recruited. At the baseline examination, the ages were 38, 46 and 54 years. All had undergone a dental examination with panoramic radiographs of the mandible, and a general examination including height measurements on at least two occasions.

Main outcome measure

Height loss was calculated over three periods 12–13 years (1968–1980, 1980–1992, 1992–2005).

Main results

Mean annual height loss measures were 0.075 cm/year, 0.08 cm/year and 0.18 cm/year over the three observation intervals, corresponding to absolute decreases of 0.9 cm, 1.0 cm and 2.4 cm. Cortical erosion in 1968, 1980 and 1992 significantly predicted height loss 12 years later. Sparse trabeculation in 1968, 1980 and 1992 also predicted significant shrinkage over 12 or 13 years. Multivariable regression analyses adjusting for baseline covariates such as height, birth year, physical activity, smoking, body mass index and education yielded consistent findings except for cortical erosion 1968–1980.

Conclusion

Mandibular bone structure characteristics such as severe cortical erosion and sparse trabeculation may serve as early risk factors for height loss. Since most individuals visit their dentist at least every 2 years and radiographs are taken, a collaboration between dentists and physicians may open opportunities for predicting future risk of height loss.