bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New occurrences of Malvinokaffric Chonetoidea (Brachiopoda) in the Paraná Basin, Devonian, Brazil
Authors: Videira-Santos Roberto , Scheffler Sandro Marcelo , Fernandes Antonio Carlos Sequeira
Published: April 2022

Brachiopods of the superfamily Chonetoidea are abundantly found in Devonian rocks in the Paraná Basin (Brazil). Despite this, only two species were formally known: Pleurochonetes falklandicus and Australostrophia mesembria, while at least 34 other taxa are known in other locations also within the Malvinokaffric Realm. In this contribution we present nine new taxa of Chonetoidea from the Ponta Grossa (late Pragian–early Emsian) and São Domingos (late Emsian–Frasnian) formations in the Paraná Basin: Babinia parvula maxima ssp. nov., Kentronetes? iclaense, Kentronetes? ortegae?, Sanjuanetes? sp., Chonostrophia? aff. truyolsae, Chonetidae indet., Pleurochonetes? comstocki?, Notiochonetes skottsbergi and Pleurochonetes surucoi?. Additionally, we emended the diagnosis of Babinia parvula. This expands the known diversity of Devonian Chonetoidea of the Paraná Basin. We also discuss the likely living environment of the identified taxa, based on the outcrops from which they came. The identification of these taxa provide new paleobiogeographic and chronostratigraphic information, allowing interpretations about possible affinities and migration routes of these benthic organisms within the Malvinokaffric Realm regions. Keywords: chonetoideans, Malvinokaffric Realm, Lower–Middle Devonian, systematic, paleoenvironments, paleobiogeography.
Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Baghamshah Formation in Eastern Iran, Lut Block (Birg Section)
Authors: Behdani Ensieh , Hadani Fatemeh , Moghaddam Marziyeh Notghi , Khazaei Ahmadreza
Published: April 2022

Biostratigraphic studies of the Baghamshah Formation from the Birg section in the northwest of Birjand (Lut Block) are done here for the first time based on the calcareous nannofossils. In the studied section, 82 samples were taken, and smear slides were prepared. The examination of the collected samples resulted in the identification of 65 calcareous nannofossil and 11 didemnid ascidian spicules species belonging to 38 genera corresponding from CC1 to CC4b biozones with the age of early Berriasian to early Hauterivian, according to the Sissingh biozonation. The calcareous nannofossil assemblages are dominated by the following genera: Watznaueria, Nannoconus, Conusphaera, and Cyclagelosphaera. Keywords: Birjand, Baghamshah Formation, biozonation, Biostratigraphy, Early Berriasian, Early Hauterivian.
The Association between Melatonin Levels and Sleep Quality in Patients with Pruritus
Authors: Erdem Yasemin , Altunay İlknur Kıvanç , Özkur Ezgi , Şekerlisoy Gül , Karabay Ezgi Aktaş , Özdemir Filiz Türe , Çerman Aslı Aksu
Published: April 2022

Background:

Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the sleep–wake cycle and has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory roles.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to assess melatonin levels and investigate the association with pruritus severity, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in dermatoses with nocturnal pruritus.

Methods:

The study was a prospective study with 82 participants, including 41 patients and 41 healthy volunteers. The visual analog scale (VAS), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were recorded for each patient. To assess the melatonin levels, urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels in the first urine in the morning were measured.

Results:

Melatonin concentrations were significantly lower (P = 0.007), while the BDI (P = 0.001) and PSQI (P = 0.001) scores were significantly higher in the patients with pruritus than in the healthy control subjects. There was an inverse correlation between melatonin levels and PSQI scores (r = −0.355, P = 0.023), and a positive correlation was detected between BDI scores and PSQI scores (r = 0.631, P = 0.001) in the pruritus group.

Conclusion:

Melatonin levels were found to decrease in relation to sleep quality in nocturnal pruritus patients. Low melatonin levels in these patients may be associated with sleep disorders and pruritus.
”COVID” Terminology in Dermatology
Authors: Gaurav Vishal , Grover Chander
Published: April 2022

Ever since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, mucocutaneous manifestations started being noticed and are still being documented. Many of these have been described with the prefix “COVID” and may occur due to the infection (e.g., COVID rash), use of personal protective equipment in healthcare workers (e.g., COVID hand dermatitis) or extensive use of novel vaccines (e.g., COVID arm). This article attempts to summarize such entities with clinical relevance to dermatologists and physicians in general and to create awareness about this fast-evolving COVID lexicon.
Distal strongly ergodic actions
Authors: Glasner Eli , Weiss Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Let

\eta

be an arbitrary countable ordinal. Using results of Bourgain, Gamburd, and Sarnak on compact systems with spectral gap, we show the existence of an action of the free group on three generators

F_3

on a compact metric space

X

, admitting an invariant probability measure

\mu

, such that the resulting dynamical system

(X,\mu,F_3)

is strongly ergodic and distal of rank

\eta

. In particular, this shows that there is an

F_3

system which is strongly ergodic but not compact. This result answers the open question whether such actions exist.
Cohomology ring of the flag variety vs Chow cohomology ring of the Gelfand–Zetlin toric variety
Authors: Kaveh Kiumars , Villella Elise
Published: April 2022

We compare the cohomology ring of the flag variety

{\mathcal{F}\ell}_n

and the Chow cohomology ring of the Gelfand–Zetlin toric variety

X_{\operatorname{GZ}}

.We show that

H^*(\mathcal{F}{\ell}_n, \mathbb{Q})

is the Poincaré duality quotient of the subalgebra of

A^*(X_{\operatorname{GZ}}, \mathbb{Q})

generated by degree

1

elements. We compute these algebras for

n=3

and see that, in general, this subalgebra does not have Poincaré duality.
Deep learning via dynamical systems: An approximation perspective
Authors: Li Qianxiao , Lin Ting , Shen Zuowei
Published: April 2022

We build on the dynamical systems approach to deep learning, where deep residual networks are idealized as continuous-time dynamical systems, from the approximation perspective. In particular, we establish general sufficient conditions for universal approximation using continuous-time deep residual networks, which can also be understood as approximation theories in

L^p

using flow maps of dynamical systems. In specific cases, rates of approximation in terms of the time horizon are also established. Overall, these results reveal that composition function approximation through flow maps presents a new paradigm in approximation theory and contributes to building a useful mathematical framework to investigate deep learning.
On the dimension of visible parts
Authors: Orponen Tuomas
Published: April 2022

I prove that the visible parts of a compact set in

\mathbb{R}^{n}

,

n \geq 2

, have Hausdorff dimension at most

n - \tfrac{1}{50n}

from almost every direction.
Factors associated with seizure severity among children with epilepsy in Northern Nigeria
Authors: A. Adedeji Idris , S. Adamu Adamu , M. Bashir Faruk , M. Bashir Faruk
Published: April 2022

Objective: To describe how seizure severity in children with epilepsy may be affected by certain socio-demographic and clinical variablesDesign: A cross-sectional studySetting: At the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, NigeriaParticipants: Sixty children and adolescents who were being followed up for seizure disorder at the child neurology clinicIntervention: Information on socio-demographic characteristics was obtained with a questionnaire, details of neuro-logical co-morbidities were extracted from the participants’ records, and seizure severity was assessed with the Na-tional Hospital Seizure Severity Score 3 tool.Main Outcome Measure: Chi-square test was used to establish the relationship between categorical variables, while the Independent t-test was used in describing the differences between means. Simple linear regression was calculated to assess the predictability of seizure severity.Result: The median age was ten years (IQR = 6-13 years), with a male dominance (1.5:1). The Seizure Severity Score (SSS) ranged between 3 and 24 units, with a mean of 12.22 ± 4.29 units. The only characteristic that had a significant association with SSS on bivariate analysis was the “presence of co-morbidities” (p=0.019). A simple linear regression revealed that the presence of a neurological co-morbidity predicted an increase in the SSS by 2.67 units. [R2 = 0.091, F (1, 58)= 5.837, p = 0.019. ꞵ = 2.67, t= 2.42, p= 0.019.]Conclusion: This study shows that neurological co-morbidities predict worsening seizure severity. This knowledge may influence prognostication and the charting of a treatment trajectory.
Challenges and Opportunities of Backyard Poultry Production in Ezha District, Gurage Zone of Ethiopia
Authors: Estifanos Mebagebriael , Tadesse Gebrehiwot
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the opportunities and challenges of backyard poultry production at three villages in Ezha district, Gurage Zone of southern Ethiopia using a semi-structured questionnaire, field visit and interview with 150 randomly selected respondents. The dominant chicken production system in the study area was an extensive system (74%) with scavenging and seasonal supplementary feeding (53%). Grains are the main feed used. Almost 65% of poultry share the same room with the main house with perch, the rest 20%, and 15%, respectively, use the different shelters. Most of the farmers (80%) use traditional medicine to treat their chicken. The average age of first laying was 5months, mean number of eggs per clutch was 12. The mean clutch size was 3.3 and the hatchability percentage was 72%. The result revealed that the main constraints of village poultry production in the study area, especially in village2 were predator (48%), disease (33.7%), feed shortage (19.3%), market (10%), and the primary opportunity was extension (34%) followed by credit, (24.6%), market (23.4%) and feed access (18%) and, respectively. It is concluded that constraints and opportunities of village chicken production were identified. Controlling predators, improving the management practices, and educating the framers are viable options to improve the livelihood of the households.
Pharmacists’ Readiness to Receive, Recommend and Administer COVID-19” Vaccines
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: April 2022

We would like to share ideas on “Pharmacists’ Readiness to Receive, Recommend and Administer COVID-19 Vaccines in an African Country: An Online Multiple-Practice Settings Survey in Nigeria.” Isah and Ubaka proposed that “most pharmacists are willing to accept to be vaccinated against COVID-19….
Can similarities be found in the cults of prehistoric hunters and farmers? Analysis of ‘dance’ scenes of four beings of the Mesolithic from Alta, Finnmark, Norway, and of the beginning of the Eneolithic from Střelice, southwestern Moravia, Czech Republic
Authors: Kovárník Jaromír
Published: April 2022

The ways of life of hunters, fishers and gatherers are noticeably different from those of farmers. Surviving evidence of their cultures is very rare. Although we are aware that it is very difficult to interpret and compare them, sometimes external similarities can be observed, such as in the depiction of human figures, particularly female figurines (also in zoomorphic sculptures) in the Upper Palaeolithic (‘the Cult of Hunters’) and in the Neolithic (‘Field Fertility Cult’ and ‘Domestic Animals Fertility Cult’). The depiction of a woman and three men with their arms stretched upwards on a famous vase of Moravian – East-Austrian group, Phase MOG IIa (around 4525–4375 BC) of the Painted Pottery culture from Střelice in the Czech Republic is significant, and has been interpreted by the author as an example of hieros gamos (i.e. a dialogue with space). This vase has considerable similarity with a petroglyph of a circular dance, again obviously depicting a woman and three men holding hands, from Alta in northern Norway, one of the central ‘galleries’ of hunters (5 stages, the oldest being 5300 BC). We can only assume (with just a certain amount of probability) that they depict a story (rite or myth?) in the form of a ‘language of symbols’ (e.g. a restoration of ‘Mother Earth’).
Impacts of the 5th AML Directive on the Provision of Investment Services in Czech Republic
Authors: Šiková Zuzana
Published: April 2022

This contribution deals with the impact of the Vth AML directive, which updated Directive (EU) 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, on the provision of the investment services in Czech Republic. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the Vth AML Directive significantly affected the activities of investment service providers. The author used scientific methods, especially induction and deduction, to confirm or disprove the above hypothesis. The paper also discusses the future regulation of the anti-money laundering area.
A Novel Digital Service Taxation & Sustainability Legal Framework Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Subsea Cable Data Transmissions
Authors: Katterbauer Klemens
Published: April 2022

The digital economy has led to massive changes in the economy and international trading, where user data have become the cornerstone of new business models. Digital services have become transformational and led to significant revenue generation for these corporations. However, there is a growing perception amongst individuals and governments that these digital services are not taxed fairly, given the ability of companies to shift profits between different countries. Digital service taxes have recently become very attractive and implemented in a variety of countries, but significant challenges remain. Artificial intelligence has become an attractive way of determining patterns across data and has been increasingly utilized in legal environments. I will outline a new legal framework for the integration of artificial intelligence for the determination of digital service taxes and outline the integration of subsea cable communication data into the framework. Furthermore, I will address the legal environmental challenges, specifically related to the South China Sea, and how cost associated with can be incorporated into the digital service tax environment.
Cómo la relación patrón-esqueje influye el crecimiento y la producción de árboles de mangó
Authors: Agripino Pérez  , Arturo Cedeño-Maldonado  , Ismael Reyes  , Justo López
Published: April 2022

En el Centro de lnvestigación y Desarrollo de Fortuna, en la costa semiárida del sur, se estudió el crecimiento y el rendimiento de mangoteros en tres edades usando diferentes combinaciones de patrones e injertos. Se encontró que el diámetro de los árboles injertados varió según su edad, pero que después de 6 años la variedad Palmer tenía el tronco más grueso. Le seguieron las variedades Edward e Irwin. Eldon fue el patrón más eficaz en reducir el diámetro del injerto durante los primeros 6 años de crecimiento, pero su efecto desapareció después de 9 años. La razón injerto/patrón varió con la edad, pero después de 9 años era menor en la Edward injertada sobre Tetenene. A los 6 años de crecimiento, la variedad Palmer tenía la copa más ancha; le siguieron las variedades Edward e Irwin. Eldon, como patrón para las variedades Palmer e Irwin, causó la formación del diámetro y el volumen de copa más pequeños independientemente de la edad de los árboles. Asimismo, los árboles de la variedad Palmer fueron más altos que los Edward e Irwin sin importar la edad de los árboles. Con Eldon como patrón los árboles de las variedades Irwin y Palmer fueron significativamente más pequeños, aunque después de 9 años el efecto del patrón sobre la altura no fue significativo. La eficiencia de rendimiento no se afectó significativamente por el patrón en las variedades Edward y Palmer, pero se afectó significativamente cuando la variedad Julie se injertó sobre Julie. La producción y el peso de las frutas por árbol estuvieron relacionados con el tamaño de los árboles, encontrándose que una reducción en tamaño reducía significativamente el número total y el peso de las frutas.
Características culinarias de nuevas selecciones de batata
Authors: Franklin W. Martin  , Isabel Beauchamp de Caloni
Published: April 2022

Trece nuevas selecciones de batata se evaluaron para calidad al hervir y majar, hornear y freir en rodajas o en tiras. Las selecciones las evaluaron dos investigadores entrenados o, en el caso de las majadas, un grupo de catadores. Las batatas resultaron de alta calidad y apropiadas para la mayoría de los propósitos. Las selecciones pobres en dulzura, sin embargo, eran más apropiadas para freir que para hornear. Al majar la batata se mejora su apariencia y su textura. De las selecciones no dulces, la SPV 70 (Margarita) fue de calidad superior; la SPV 70 entre extremos, y la SPV 52 la peor del grupo. Las selecciones de batatas frecuentemente resultaron adecuadas para un propósito, pero no para otros.
Nuevos registros de ácaros para Puerto Rico
Authors: Edwin Abreu  , Silverio Medina-Gaud  , Jenaro Maldonado-Capriles
Published: April 2022

Se presenta una lista anotada de 29 especies de ácaros informados por primera vez en Puerto Rico. Para cada especie se incluye la localidad, el hospedero o hábitat, fecha de captura, el nombre del colector y el acarólogo que la identificó.
RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BEANS, PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L., TO ASHY STEM BLIGHT, MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOID
Authors: Rodrigo Echávez-Badel  , James S. Beaver
Published: April 2022

RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BEANS, PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L., TO ASHY STEM BLIGHT, MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOID
BRIEF NOTES ON THE CYTOLOGY OF NEOTROPICAL COLEOPTERA. 5. STORAGE AND ACTIVATION OF LARGE SPERM CELLS IN MALE ALTICINAE
Authors: Niilo Virkki  , Tanya Bruck  , Aida Denton
Published: April 2022

BRIEF NOTES ON THE CYTOLOGY OF NEOTROPICAL COLEOPTERA. 5. STORAGE AND ACTIVATION OF LARGE SPERM CELLS IN MALE ALTICINAE
Introduction à Heurist
Authors: Paillusson Vincent
Published: April 2022

Ce tutoriel présente l'utilisation d'Heurist, un logiciel de gestion de base de données dédié aux sciences humaines et sociales. En s'appuyant sur un jeu de données de sites de fouilles archéologiques, il illustre le fonctionnement d'Heurist et ses fonctionnalités.
(Re)Shaping The Self: The Construction of Identity in Things Fall Apart
Authors: VARDAR Nergiz Öznur
Published: April 2022

Postcolonialism incorporates all cultures affected by colonialism from the beginning
of colonization to the present day. Aiming to express the ways the colonizer shapes
society, postcolonial writers frequently reverse the colonial discourse and maintain that
colonized countries have a national identity. In this respect, prominent Nigerian writer
Chinua Achebe indicates the effects of colonization on both cultural and individual levels
in his works. Besides, he highlights the postcolonial subject in a manner that not only
the colonizers but also the colonized find themselves in a situation of ambivalence. The
purpose of this study is to present the ways in which the characters in Achebe’s Things
Fall Apart (1958) are first shaped by the colonizer and later reshaped by the colonized
counterpart. The process the characters undergo to achieve integration in society and
whether they are liberated is discussed with references to the novel.
Fate, Need and Responsibility: A Levinasian Reading
Authors: HEIDARI Asghar
Published: April 2022

The world of differences provides various outlooks and perspectives, such as ideological
dissimilarities in human beings’ lives, and, therefore, people may experience distinctive
challenges in contact with others. With a concrete realization of the phenomenon and
how to respond to any external and internal force, any unique individual may start to
think of the bases and formulation of such incidents. Everyone’s outlook and the method
of analysis would be distinctive based on their experiences, gender, belief, religion, age,
and other possible factors, and consequently, the structure of their standpoint would be
divergent. The current study aims to reveal how people may respond to the happenings
around them by relying on their experiences, beliefs, needs, and outlooks throughout
their lives within a philosophical context. In this respect, three notions of “Fate and
Belief,” “Need,” and “Responsibility” will be discussed in the light of Emanuel Levinas’
philosophical perspective throughout this research. Thus, this study intends to illustrate
how people might face miseries and difficulties in their lives and daily encounters with
ethical notion deficiencies. Gaining analytical power on the matters through various
practices, one would be equipped with a bearable, easier, and better life.
MEIOS DE CONTRASTE E RESPONSABILIDADE MÉDICA
Authors: A. L. Germano Ricardo
Published: April 2022

Os radiologistas devem ter conhecimento sobre as normas éticas e legais que se aplicam a sua atividade médica, uma vez que a alegação de seu desconhecimento não justifica e nem exime a responsabilidade médica. Nesse capítulo, abordaremos sobre o alcance da responsabilidade médica, discutindo os diferentes papéis que o médico pode desempenhar, os quais podem não se limitar apenas a sua atividade assistencial. Em relação ao uso dos meios de contraste, o radiologista é o médico responsável e deve seguir as normas aplicáveis aos produtos sob prescrição.
Social Research with Children and Young People
Authors: Brady Louca-Mai , Graham Berni
Published: April 2022

This book provides a practical and concise introductory guide to doing research with children and young people, outlining the benefits and challenges along with key ethical, methodological and other considerations. Throughout, there are practical examples, checklists and top tips to aid the reader.
Women's Work
Authors: Young Zoe
Published: April 2022

This book is the first to go inside women’s work and family lives in a year of working flexibly. The private labours of going part-time, job sharing, and home working are brought to life with vivid personal stories, concluding that there is an opportunity to make employment and family life work better together.
The Harms of Work
Authors: Lloyd Anthony
Published: April 2022

This book discusses workplace harm through an ultra-realist lens and examines the connection between individuals, their working conditions and management culture. It investigates the reorganisation of labour markets and the shift to flexibility, and highlights working conditions and organisational practices within which multiple harms occur.
Freedom of the image and the boundaries of the book: Evgeny Bortnikov as an illustrator
Authors: Баданина К.Г.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена станковым иллюстративным листам и книжной графике Евгения Александровича Бортникова (1952–2013) — ведущего тагильского художника 1980–2000 годов. Проводится анализ его серий иллюстраций к ряду известных литературных произведений, а также оформления книг в сотрудничестве со Средне-Уральским и Южно-Уральским книжными издательствами, издательствами Москвы. В статье проанализирована художественная манера автора, показано изменение его индивидуального творческого стиля при работе над листами по мотивам литературных произведений и оформлении книг по заказу издательств. Подчеркивается, что при всём различии двух выделенных направлений его творчества их сближает мастерская техника, специфика графического языка и ощутимая в каждой работе личность художника, ставящего эстетическую и смысловую сторону образа во главу угла.

The article is devoted to easel illustrative sheets and book graphics by Evgeny A. Bortnikov (1952–2013), the leading Tagil artist of 1980–2000. The analysis of his series of illustrations for a number of famous literary works, as well as the design of books in collaboration with the Middle Ural and South Ural book publishing houses, publishing houses of Moscow is carried out. The article analyzes the author's artistic style, shows the difference between the style of working on sheets based on literary works and the design of books commissioned by publishers. It is emphasized that for all the difference between the two identified areas of his work, they are brought together by a masterful technique, the specifics of the graphic language and the personality of the artist, which is tangible in each work, putting the aesthetic and semantic side of the image at the forefront.
Ways to revive traditions of the Zlatoust engraving on steel in the late 1950s (a study of the creative heritage M.D. Rakov)
Authors: Брюзгина О.И.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена развитию и современному состоянию ведущих художественных производств Урала и в частности деятельности Научно-исследовательского института художественной промышленности, специалисты которого принимали активное участие в создании образцов декоративных изделий для массового производства и выставочных программ. Детально рассмотрена история традиционной златоустовской гравюры; показано, что на протяжении всего XX столетия задачи ее сохранения и планы по расширению производства товаров народного потребления массового ассортимента периодически входили в противоречия друг с другом. Отмечено, что важным этапом в истории златоустовской гравюры стало сотрудничество предприятия с ведущими специалистами института и художником М.Д. Раковым, предложившим ряд эскизов, которые заслужили высокую оценку.

The article is devoted to the development and current state of the leading art industries in the Urals and, in particular the activities of the Research Institute of the Art Industry, whose specialists took an active part in creating samples of decorative products for mass production and exhibition programs. The history of traditional Zlatoust engraving is considered in detail; it is shown that throughout the 20th century, the tasks of its preservation and plans to expand the production of consumer goods of a mass assortment periodically came into conflict with each other. It is noted that an important stage in the history of the Zlatoust engraving was the cooperation of the enterprise with the leading specialists of the Institute and the artist M.D. Rakov, who proposed a number of sketches, which were highly appreciated.
Processo MIG PV: efeito da proporção do eletrodo negativo na geometria do cordão de solda de alumínio
Authors: Gonzalez Leandro Ruben , Gonzalez Arnaldo Ruben
Published: April 2022

O processo MIG (Metal Inert Gas) com polaridade variável é um processo relativamente novo que pode ser aplicado na indústria de processos de soldagem com altas taxas de produtividade e custo competitivo. O processo utiliza curvas compostas de pulsos nas polaridades positiva e negativa, e apresenta como principais benefícios em relação ao processo convencional, alta taxa de fusão, aliada ao baixo aporte térmico, menores deformações e um melhor controle da penetração e diluição. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos das proporções da polaridade negativa (%EN), da curva de corrente típica do processo, buscando relacionar com a penetração e diluição do cordão de solda resultante. Para o estudo foram usados três níveis de percentagens de %EN de 0%, 30% e 50%. Foram realizados cordões de solda na posição plana (1G), depositando alumínio ER5356 sobre a superfície livre da chapa de Al5052-F. Os parâmetros da polaridade negativa utilizados foram comparados com as diferentes formas de cálculos propostos na literatura para determinação do valor da proporção de eletrodo negativo. Sugere-se que para o cálculo da proporção de eletrodo negativo (% EN), todos os parâmetros da curva (correntes e tempos) devem ser considerados, a fim de se obter uma comparação efetiva dos níveis de % EN. Foi concluído que o aumento da proporção de eletrodo negativo causa diminuição da penetração e da diluição no cordão de solda.
HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE (HD): A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: Qureshi Fayyaz Hussain , Qureshi Sajjad Hussain , Zia Tayyaba , Khawaja Fajr
Published: April 2022

Huntington's disease (HD) is an incurable lethal inherited neurological disorder of brain cells caused by increased CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. It is the disease of mind and body which causes uncontrolled movements, loss of intellectual faculties, and emotional disturbance leading to eventual death. HD is incurable, but treatment is available for the symptoms of this disease. Latest technologies and techniques are used to diagnose HD. Neuroimaging and genetic testing are two important diagnoses techniques are available to measure the progress of the disease at any later stage. Drastic research is underway to control the disease with neuro-transplantation and neuro-surgery as a potential treatment in future to cure HD. The advancements in science and technologies and research on HD have indicated bright chances of cure. In the future, this disease seems to become curable Huntington's disease.
 

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ПОДХОДЫ К РЕШЕНИЮ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ ОЧИСТКИ МОРСКОГО ПЛАЦЕНТАРНОГО КОЛЛАГЕНА
Authors: Рачкова Наталья Анатольевна , Соклаков Владимир Владимирович , Воротников Борис Юрьевич
Published: April 2022

Внедрение в условиях опытно-промышленной эксплуатации уникального способа получения морского плацентарного коллагена потребовало серьезного анализа методов оценки параметров отдельных технологических операций. Ос-новными процессами, определяющими качество получаемого продукта, являются отделение водо-, соле- и щелочерастворимых белков в сочетании с удалением ли-пидов. Для управления изготовлением продукции в рамках производственного контроля предложено использовать оценку динамики накопления белков в экс-трагентах и остаточное содержание липидов в готовом коллагене. Проведенный анализ стандартизированных методик определения массовых долей белка и жира, применяемых в пищевой и фармацевтической промышленности, показал теоретическую возможность использования для производственных целей соответственно колориметрического метода с биуретовым реактивом и гравиметрического модифицированного метода Сокслета. Измерение содержания белков позволило обосновать способ определения длительности производственного процесса экстракции при конкретных температурных режимах. Сформулированы необходимое и достаточное условия, служащие граничными факторами при установлении данного параметра. Остаточные количества неколлагеновых белков в полученном продукте рассматриваются как технически трудноудаляемая примесь. Применение широко распространенной методики количественного определения липидов на современном лабораторном оборудовании, пригодном для оснащения производственных лабораторий, в совокупности с проведенным анализом иных доступных стандартизированных методик выявили проблему, связанную с отсутствием приемлемого способа из-за содержания измеряемого компонента в анализируемой матрице ниже достоверных пределов. Ее решением представляется фиксация в технических условиях значения остаточного содержания липидов на уровне двукратного предела повторяемости наиболее точного из доступных методов выполнения измерений.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРА РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НАГРУЗКИ ОТ КОЛЕСА НА КОНСТРУКЦИИ НАКАТНЫХ СУДОВ СОГЛАСНО ТРЕБОВАНИЯМ РОССИЙСКОГО РЕЧНОГО РЕГИСТРА
Authors: Романюта Дмитрий Александрович
Published: April 2022

В статье выполнен анализ формы отпечатка и характера распределения давления по пятну контакта от колес на накатных судах, требуемых Правилами Российского Речного Регистра (РРР). Установлено, что предписываемая РРР пря-моугольная форма пятна контакта от колеса в большинстве случаев соотносится с реальными условиями. Распределение равномерных давлений по длине отпечатка колеса не соответствует фактической картине, а в направлении ширины – допу-стимо. Представлена формула, описывающая некоторую параболическую функ-цию и отображающая форму неравномерного давления вдоль пятна контакта. С помощью специализированного программного комплекса FEMAP with NX NAS-TRAN методом конечных элементов произведена оценка напряженно-деформированного состояния перекрытий двух накатных судов от воздействия колес грузового и легкового автомобиля. Расчет выполнен с учетом двух видов нагрузок: при равномерном и параболическом характере распределения давлений вдоль пятна контакта. Пиковое значение давления при параболической форме оказалось в 1,5 раза больше, чем при равномерной. Разница в результатах проч-ностного анализа по максимальным перемещениям и напряжениям в балках со-ставила около 3 %. В то же время максимальные значения напряжений в настиле при разных формах распределения давления по отпечатку колеса отличаются на 10–11 %. Использование предложенной формулы, описывающей параболический характер нагрузки по длине пятна контакта, может быть существенно при определении размеров отпечатка колеса, величины максимального напряжения в настиле и значения допускаемого остаточного прогиба настила в соответствии с требованиями ПРРР.
РАСЧЕТНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ТОПЛИВНОЙ АППАРАТУРЫ СУДОВЫХ ДИЗЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Волкова Лариса Юрьевна , Дорош Кирилл Сергеевич , Закиров Сарвар Рифатович , Мишин Олег Дмитриевич
Published: April 2022

Приведена методика и выполнен расчет цикловой подачи топлива, плун-жерных пар насосов высокого давления и сопловых отверстий распылителей фор-сунок для малооборотных судовых двухтактных дизелей семейства МAN B&W с цилиндровой мощностью от 1310 до 4880 кВт. Показано, что для данного диапа-зона мощности судовых дизелей цикловая подача на номинальном режиме изме-няется от 31 до 188 см3, диаметр плунжера – от 44 до 80 мм, диаметр сопловых отверстий – от 0,58 до 1,1 мм. Установлено, что для дизеля МAN B&W 6S50MC при постоянной цикловой подаче топлива одной форсункой (18500 мм3) и про-должительности впрыска (0,039 с) повышение среднего давления перед сопло-выми отверстиями с 30 до 100 МПа позволяет уменьшить диаметры сопловых от-верстий с 0,75 до 0,55 мм, при этом снизить средний диаметр распыленного топлива с 49 до 36 мкм. Выполнен расчет топливного факела, длина которого за-висит от диаметра соплового отверстия, скорости и времени истечения топлива, критериев плотности и Вебера. Определен период задержки самовоспламенения факела, зависящий от давления и температуры воздуха в камере сгорания, сред-ней скорости поршня и коэффициента избытка воздуха. Предложено, чтобы время пройденного пути топливного факела от соплового отверстия до стенки камеры сгорания было скоррелировано и примерно равнялось времени задержки самовоспламенения топлива. Такая методика расчета подачи топлива, плунжерной пары насоса высокого давления, диаметра сопловых отверстий распылителя форсунок, мелкости распыливания топлива, длины топливного факела, периода задержки самовоспламенения может быть полезна при совершенствовании и разработке новых конструкций топливной аппаратуры судовых дизелей.
ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ И МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КОЖИ
И ЧЕШУИ РЫБ ПРИ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ И ПОЛУЧЕНИИ НОВОЙ
ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ
Authors: Воробьев Виктор Иванович , Казимирченко Оксана Владимировна , Нижникова Елена Владимировна
Published: April 2022

Предложен способ переработки рыбьей кожи с чешуей с целью получения пищевых добавок и напитков, обогащенных коллагеном и продуктами его гидро-лиза. Определено, что в результате термического гидролиза (100 °C в течение 2 мин) рыбьей чешуи в яблочном соке (массовая доля белка 0,1 %, углеводов – 11,8 %, золы – 0,46 %, фосфора – 0,11 %, кальция – следы) и последующего фрак-ционирования смеси получаемый сокосодержащий напиток, обогащенный про-дуктами гидролиза коллагена, имел следующий химический состав: белок – 1,12 %, углеводы – 10,7 %, зола – 0,69 %, фосфор – 0,18 %, кальций – 0,02 %.

Частично гидролизованная, набухшая и измельченная в яблочном соке (со-отношение 1:3 по массе, продолжительность гидролиза 48 ч при 4 °C) рыбья кожа (полуфабрикат) смешивалась и гомогенизировалась при соотношении 1:5 с яб-лочно-грушевым соком, приобретая пюреобразную консистенцию с содержанием белка 1,86 %, углеводов – 8,2, золы – 0,54, фосфора – 0,26, кальция – 0,01 %.

Микробиологические испытания фруктовых соков, кожи и чешуи судака выявили соответствие по нормируемым показателям. Наибольшей микробиологи-ческой стабильностью при холодильном хранении обладали пробы яблочно-грушевого сока. Состав микрофлоры фруктовых соков формировали споровые и неспоровые палочковидные бактерии, на конечных этапах хранения – дрожжевые и плесневые грибы, микрофлору кожи и чешуи – кокки. Показатели бактериаль-ной обсемененности проб обогащенных напитков, полуфабриката, пюре на основе яблочного сока и экспериментальных смешанных проб с добавлением апельсинового сока в фоновых точках были незначительными (в среднем на уровне 8,2×102 КОЕ/см3), к концу срока хранения они закономерно повышались. Микрофлору проб обогащенных напитков формировали неспоровые палочки Pseudomonas putida, единично Bacillus subtilis, в пробах с более низкими значениями pH доминировали кислотоустойчивые бактерии Streptococcus sp., Micrococcus candidus.
Evaluation of amyand’s hernia patients: experience report
Authors: Weiss Marcelo Barros , Nunes Sérgio Ibañez , Felga Luis Henrique Gonçalves , De Oliveira Cristina Pimont , Gonzaga Leonardo Pancini Faioli , Gonzalez Lucas Goiatá , Belgo Thaissa Ramim Reis , Vicente Lucas Machado de Souza
Published: April 2022

Objective: Report the experience of evaluating two patients with Amyand hernia as a strategy to identify this rare surgical condition.  Experience Report: A 4-year-old patient with pain in the right inguinal region with irreducible tumor. The child was pale, prostrated and with leukocytosis and left deviation, being submitted to inguinotomy with diagnosis of Amyand hernia during surgery. The second patient, a 74-year-old man, presented abdominal pain in the lower right quadrant irradiated to the scrotum with a palpable and irreducible tumor in the right inguinal region. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis with deviation to the left and physical examination showed mild dehydration and low fever. In the operating room, a hernia sac with incarcerated contents was found, which was an inflamed caecal appendix, and the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was later confirmed. Final Considerations: The reported cases become important due to their rarity and the association between strangulated right inguinal hernia and acute appendicitis, assisting the medical community for proper management.
KONSENTRASI PARTICULATE MATTER (PM10) DAN GEJALA PERNAPASAN YANG DIALAMI PEKERJA PABRIK SEMEN 'X', KOTA CILEGON-BANTEN
Authors: Ferial Linardita , Fitria Laila , Silalahi Mawar DS
Published: April 2022

Aktivitas industri berperan penting dalam berjalannya suatu pertumbuhan ekonomi tapi juga memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan karyawannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kadar debu pada lingkungan kerja, gangguan penyakit saluran pernapasan yang diderita pekerja, dan peranan alat pelindung diri dalam pengendalian. Pengamatan dilakukan di bagian pembuatan kantong semen dan pengepakan semen. Desain studi adalah  cross  sectional dan instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan tentang data karakteristik pekerja diperoleh dari 107 pekerja dan keluhan pernapasan diperoleh dari lembar pengukuran fungsi paru dengan bantuan alat spirometer kepada 24 pekerja. Kadar debu (PM10)diukur menggunakan High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS TE-6070BLXZ) dan Pengukuran suhu dan kelembapan menggunakan thermohigrometer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi linier. Kadar debu rata-rata (PM10) pada ruang pengepakan  semen 1002,3 µg/m3  dan pada ruang pembuatan kantong semen adalah 142,1µg/m3. Hasil penelitian didapatkan gangguan pernapasan 63,9% responden pada unit pengepakan  semen dan 54% pada pembuatan  kantong mengalami  gangguan saluran pernapasan  dan iritasi. Hasil analisis spirometer pada ruang pengepakan semen menunjukkan 7 pekerja yang diambil dari 7 pekerja dalam  sampel  dinyatakan  restrictive,  berarti  telah  terjadi  pengecilan  kapasitas  total  paru. Sedangkan  pada  ruang pembuatan kantong semen terdapat 7 pekerja yang diambil dari total 5 pekerja dinyatakan restrictive dan 2 dinyatakan normal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah risiko masalah pernapasan pekerja di ruangan dengan tingkat debu tinggi lebih besar daripada yang bekerja di tingkat debu rendah dan diharapkan semua pekerja menggunakan masker sebagai  alat pelindung utama.
POTENSI INTERAKSI BIOFLOKULAN-DYT DENGAN ION LOGAM SEBAGAI PENGGANTI FLOKULAN SINTESIS
Authors: Febriyanto Ricky , Fitriyah Fitriyah
Published: April 2022

Keberhasilan isolasi dan kristalisasi senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT dari tanaman tropis Indonesia, membuktikan tanaman ini berpotensi menjadi bahan baku produksi flokulan alami yang ramah lingkungan. Selama ini penggunaan flokulan dalam pengolahan limbah masih didominasi oleh flokulan sintesis, yang terbukti berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Dengan ditemukannya Bioflokulan-DYT berpeluang menjadi alternatif pengganti flokulan sintetis. Potensi tersebut telah dibuktikan pada penelitian sebelumnya, yang menunjukkan kecenderungan penurunan nilai hantaran molar Bioflokulan-DYT seiring dengan kenaikan nilai konsentrasinya. Untuk memperkuat penelitian sebelumnya, maka dilakukan penelitian lanjutan terkait sifat fisik dari senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT. Salah satunya yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini, yaitu menganalisis kemampuan senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT dengan ion logam yang diukur dari harga konduktivitasnya. Larutan kristal senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT direaksikan dengan larutan ion logam yaitu Ni(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2, dan Ca(NO3)2. Kemudian masing-masing campuran tersebut diuji nilai konduktivitasnya menggunakan konduktometer. Hasil pengukuran dan perhitungan konduktivitas campuran senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT dengan larutan ion logam menunjukkan terjadinya interaksi. Pengaruh panambahan larutan Bioflokulan-DYT pada konsentrasi rendah (250 ppm, 500 ppm dan 750 ppm), mengakibatkan nilai hantaran molar pengukuran lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai hantaran molar perhitungan. Kondisi ini mengindikasikan senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT dapat berperan sebagai polielektrolit. Sedangkan pengaruh panambahan larutan Bioflokulan-DYT pada konsentrasi tinggi (1000 ppm, 1250 ppm, 1500 dan 1750 ppm), menyebabkan nilai hantaran molar pengukuran lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai hantaran molar perhitungan. Kondisi ini mengindikasikan bahwa senyawa aktif Bioflokulan-DYT berperan sebagai ligan yang dapat berinteraksi dalam pembentukan senyawa kompleks dengan ion logam.
EVALUASI TERHADAP KEGIATAN PEMANTAUAN TERHADAP BUANGAN LIMBAH CAIR PT XYZ DI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Yustiani Yonik Meilawati , Anggraini Nesa
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan pemantauan perairan permukaan merupakan hal yang penting untuk menjaga kualitas lingkungan sebagai habitat bagi biota dan ekosistem sekitarnya. Salah satu upaya pemantauan dilakukan langsung pada sumber potensi pencemaran yaitu efluen dari industri. DAS Cimanuk adalah salah satu area yang penting di Jawa Barat. Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Kabupaten Sumedang ditugasi untuk dapat memantau efluen potensi sumber pencemar di DAS Cimanuk. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan pemantauan kualitas perairan yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Sumedang terhadap industri PT. XYZ. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan acuan SNI, baku mutu limbah cair, tata cara sampling melalui pengamatan langsung. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa pemantauan dilakukan secara rutin tiap bulan. Tata cara diikuti dengan baik. Sedangkan hasil analisis terhadap sampel limbah memperlihatkan hasil yang memenuhi baku mutu.
BIODIVERSITAS LABA-LABA ARACHNIDA (Araneae) DI KAWASAN EKOSISTEM DESA WISATA BANYUBIRU KECAMATAN LABUAN KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG
Authors: Susilo Hadi , Hakim M Nasrun , Setiawan Usman
Published: April 2022

Biodeversitas dan klasifikasi jenis laba-laba dapat menunjang ekowisata di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah jenis laba-laba (Araneae) di kawasan desa wisata Banyubiru. Pengumpulan sampel laba-laba dilakukan dengan metode ekplorasi. Analisis data keanekaragaman diuraikan secara deskriptif. Hasl penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman laba-laba Arachnida (Araneae) pada Desa Wisata Banyubiru Kecamatan Labuan Kabupaten Pandeglang diperoleh sebanyak 70 individu yang termasuk dalam 5 famili dan 10 spesies yaitu: A. argentata (Araneidae), Gasteracantha sp (Araneidae), A. apensa (Araneidae), A. trifasciata (Araneidae), W. saltabundus (Theridiidae), N. inaurata (Nephilidae), N. maculata (Nephilidae), L. reclusa (Sicaridae), P. paykulli (Salticidae) dan Hasarius sp (Salticidae). Keanekaragaman laba-laba Arachnida (Araneae) dari tiga stasiun di Desa Wisata Banyubiru Kecamatan Labuan Kabupaten Pandeglang menunjukkan indeks keragaman (H) berkategori sedang, indeks kemerataan tinggi dan indeks dominansi yang kecil. Ekosistem desa wisata masih lestari
ANALISIS PROYEKSI PERUBAHAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU PUBLIK DI KOTA CILEGON PADA TAHUN 2025
Authors: Setiyawan Nanang , Akbari Tauny
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon, ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau berdasarkan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2025 dan Strategi optimalisasi untuk memenuhi 30% kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) serta observasi dengan rentan waktu 10 tahun dan analisis SWOT untuk penyusunan upaya-upaya penambahan RTH di kota Cilegon dilakukan berdasarkan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Analisis SWOT adalah identifikasi berbagai faktor secara sistematik untuk merumuskan strategi yang tepat.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksisting ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Cilegon mengalami penurunan sehingga kondisi eksisting RTH pada tahun 2020 sebesar 35,72%. sehingga di perkirakan pada tahun 2025 jumlah penduduk di Kota Cilegon sebanyak 474.105 jiwa dan luas ruang terbuka hijau yang dibutuhkan di Kota Cilegon berdasarkan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2025 sebesar 94.821 Ha. Dan Strategi optimalisasi di formulasikan menjadi 10 strategi seperti 1) Mengoptimalkan kinerja badan pengelola ruang terbuka hijau dengan sistem kordinasi pembagian tugas yang jelas. 2) Peningkatan hubungan kerjasama pemerintah dengan pihak ketiga. 3) Pengambilan kebijakan tegas dari pemerintah untuk mewujudkan target luasan RTH sesuai dengan UU No 26 tahun 2007. 4) Optimalisasi kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga untuk penggalangan dana pengelolaan RTH. 5) Pengembangan RTH privat selain di ruang publik. 6) Memberdayakan masyarakat sekitar dalam pemeliharaan RTH di lingkungan sekitar masyarakat. 7) Mengoptimalkan program insentif dan disinsentif terutama di wilayah perindustrian usaha dan jasa, 8) Mengoptimalkan areal atau jalur di sekitar sistem utilitas kota untuk ruang terbuka  hijau, 9)  Optimalisasi  fungsi  RTRW  sebagai acuan pengendalian RTH, 10) Optimalisasi pengawasan kegiatan pembangunan.
EFEKTIFITAS BIOSORBEN ARANG BIJI SALAK (SALACCA ZALACCA) DALAM MENGURANGI PEWARNA REMAZOL BRILLIANT BLUE DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI
Authors: Maulidiyah Takrimatul , Rahmayanti Ardhana , Hamidah Laily Noer
Published: April 2022

Remazol brilliant blue dimanfaatkan sebagai zat warna tekstil dan keberadaanna di lingkungan dapat memberikan dampak berupa human health, ecosystems, dan resources. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengurangi cemaran remazol melalui adsorpsi menggunakan biosorben arang biji salak. Pembuatan adsorben dilakukan melalui aktivasi asam menggunakan HCL 1 M dengan variasi konsentrasi 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, dan 70 ppm. Hasil SEM arang biji salak menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pori setelah aktivasi sebesar 83,26%. Kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar terdapat pada variasi konsentrasi 70 ppm yaitu 2408 mg/g. persentase removal efficiency penyerapan remazol briliant blue oleh biosorben arang biji salak semakin besar dengan peningkatan konsentrasi. Persentase removal efficiency biosorben arang biji salak menunjukan removal efficiency terbesar terdapat pada variasi konsentrasi 70 ppm yaitu sebesar 98%