bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Alat Uji Tarik Universal Statis Dengan Penggerak Servomotor Berkapasitas Maksimum 1 kN
Authors: Gea Feberius , Siregar Rakhmad Arief , Siahaan M. Yusuf Rahmansyah
Published: March 2023

Tensile test is one of several tests that are commonly used to determine the mechanical properties of a material. The purpose of this research is to build and assemble products according to customer needs and to be able to analyze the process of making a static universal tensile tester with a servomotor drive with a capacity of 1 kN. It is hoped that this research can facilitate the selection of raw materials in providing information about the materials to be used and used. This tensile test equipment with a capacity of 1 kN uses a servomotor as the main driver. This type has begun to be used in the world because it is simpler than other motors, so this tool can compete with tensile test equipment sold in the market. This tool is equipped with supporting components such as a load cell, encoder and control panel using a data cable so that it gets graphic results when testing using visual studio software.
Analisis Dampak Kesalahan Dalam Simulasi Manajemen Elektronik Mesin Pada Pengoperasian Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Saragih Yuliarman , Lavi Falentina , Pracipta Kintania , Salam Ahmad Al-Baehaqi , Waluyo Puji
Published: March 2023

For internal combustion engine electrical management in order for an engine to function properly, all its electronic components must function and play their role. Failure of these electronic components may result in improper preparation of the fuel mixture. This also affects driving safety. The impact of individual errors can have a negative impact on traffic safety and can also have a negative impact on other participants. The subject of this study was to investigate the impact of failure of electronic components on selected operating characteristics. This article is to determine the failure rate of electronic mechanical components and can affect the operation of road vehicles. Eight electronic system faults are simulated with specific vehicles and use fuel assemblies in gasoline fuel. Measurements were made based on laboratory conditions that gave to change the characteristics of the vehicle handling between damage and corruption. Making the vehicle power parameters and the selected exhaust emission components are determined for the selected vehicle characteristics. The results show that the engine failure of the electronic system has a great impact on the operating characteristics, and at the same time there are situations in the normal operating state of the vehicle in which some of these defects are unknown to the vehicle operator ricefield. The results of the publication can be used in the fields of written law, production and operation of road vehicles, and mathematical modeling of gas emission production from road transportation.
J wave as a rare ECG finding of malignant cardiac arrhythmia
Authors: ALTINTAŞ Emel , ERAT Mehmet , GÜZEŞ Esma Buşra
Published: March 2023

This case study features a 76-year-old female patient diagnosed with ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the emergency department who died after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In this case report, the importance of observing J waves in the patient’s electrocardiogram after spontaneous return to circulation was addressed in terms of the risk of arrhythmia.
Formación docente en competencias ciudadanas globales: una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Díaz Méndez Rosa Elvia , Gallardo Córdova Katherina Edith , Velarde Camaqui Davis
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer lo que actualmente se produce respecto a la formación docente en competencias ciudadanas globales (CCG) y sus tendencias a través de un mapeo y una revisión sistemática de literatura. Para ello, se revisaron 140 artículos (100 en inglés y 40 en español) escritos entre 2016 y 2022. Se plantearon cuatro preguntas sobre el significado de CCG, las prácticas educativas innovadoras, el papel que asume el profesor y la manera en que se prepara a los futuros profesores. Los hallazgos permiten afirmar que son pocos los países (40) donde se publica sobre este tema. En América Latina, Colombia es un referente prometedor. En la definición conceptual del término se han encontrado varios problemas de comprensión que trascienden en la aplicación de estrategias didácticas. También prevalece una tendencia hacia la comparación de niveles de desarrollo competencial entre docentes de diferentes países. Además, se han puesto en práctica estrategias interactivas y creativas que buscan que los profesores propicien el diálogo, la crítica, la reflexión y acción en sus estudiantes. Es recomendable la continuación de estudios más específicos sobre diferentes modalidades, estrategias y tecnologías para fortalecer las CCG.
Hubungan Kandungan Bahan Organik Sedimen dengan Kelimpahan Nudibranchia di Pulau Panjang Kabupaten Jepara Jawa Tengah
Authors: Gozion Akwila , Rudiyanti Siti , Suryanti Suryanti
Published: March 2023

Nudibranchia merupakan salah satu gastropoda laut yang masuk kedalam anggota Subkelas Opisthobranchia. Ciri Nudibranchia yang menjadi perbedaan dari gastropoda lainnya yaitu adanya insang telanjang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada September 2020 di Pulau Panjang, Kabupaten Jepara, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan kelimpahan Nudibranchia serta mengetahui hubungan antara bahan organik sedimen dengan kelimpahan Nudibranchia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi, sedangkan metode yang diterapkan pada saat pengamatan di lapangan yaitu metode Belt Transect dengan mengamati 5 stasiun, tiap stasiun terdiri dari 3 line transect dengan sekali sampling pada tiap line transect, pengamatan selebar 2 meter kanan dan kiri dengan panjang 25 meter pada tiap line transect. Identifikasi Nudibranchia menggunakan buku 1001 Nudibranchias Catalogue Of Indo-Pacific Sea Slug dan World Register of Marine Species. Indeks Ekologi yang dianalisis meliputi kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, indeks dominansi. Nudibranchia yang ditemukan di perairan Pulau Panjang sebanyak 3 spesies yaitu Jorunna funebris, Chromodoris lineolata dan Phyllidiella nigra. Kelimpahan tertinggi berada pada stasiun 5 yaitu dengan nilai 63 ind/300m2 dan kelimpahan terendah terdapat pada stasiun 3 yaitu dengan nilai 5 ind/300m2. Keanekaragaman Nudibranchia di perairan Pulau Panjang cenderung rendah karena hanya stasiun 3 yang memiliki kategori keanekaragaman sedang dengan nilai 1,427. Kandungan bahan organik sedimen pada perairan Pulau Panjang cukup tinggi yaitu 63,5%. Kelimpahan Nudibranchia dengan bahan organik sedimen memiliki hubungan sangat kuat dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,935.
Hubungan Panjang-Bobot dan Faktor Kondisi Ikan Julung-julung (Hemiramphus sp.) Teluk Tomini, Gorontalo
Authors: Olii Abdul Hafidz
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan panjang dan bobot, serta faktor kondisi ikan julung-julung (Hemiramphus sp.). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret - April 2022. Sampel diambil dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang didaratkan di Desa Bangga, Kecamatan Paguyaman Pantai, Kabupaten Boalemo, Gorontalo. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Acak Sederhana, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran panjang dan penimbangan bobot ikan. Data dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan julung-julung memiliki pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatf pada bulan maret b=2.5 dan isometrik pada bulan April b=3 dengan kisaran faktor kondisi >1 (1,0053-1,6964) yang menunjukkan ikan julung-julung di perairan Teluk Tomini dalam keadaan baik.
Dampak Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove Terhadap Kondisi Sosial Masyarakat di Desa Pengudang Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Haidawati Haidawati , Reni Angga , Hasanah Hasanah
Published: March 2023

Pengembangan ekowisata mangrove di suatu daerah sudah pasti memberikan dampak baik positif maupun negatif terhadap lingkungan masyarakat disekitar objek wisata. Selain itu, dampak yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat juga bisa dilihat dalam aspek ekonomi dan juga sosial. Desa Pengudang merupakan salah satu wilayah di Kabupaten Bintan yang mengembangkan ekowisata mangrove berbasis masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak pengembangan ekowisata mangrove terhadap kondisi sosial masyarakat di Desa Pengudang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2021 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yaitu dengan cara melakukan pengamatan secara langsung dan wawancara mendalam pada masyarakat di sekitar ekowisata mangrove Desa Pengudang. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak sosial yang ditimbulkan dari pengembangan ekowisata mangrove di Desa Pengudang adalah terdapat perubahan interaksi sosial pada masyarakat, perubahan mata pencaharian, perubahan pola pikir dan keterampilan masyarakat.
Sosialisasi Sastra Digital dan Pelatihan Penulisan Sastra bagi Anak-anak dan Remaja di Karanglo, Argomulyo, Sedayu, Bantul
Authors: Alifah Septiani Nur , Maulana Ihsan Naufal , Rahma Rosyidatun Abdillah Fatiha , Pratiwi Diyah
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan sastra digital makin masif dengan bermunculan berbagai macam aplikasi pembacaan sastra seperti Wattpad, Dreame, Storial.co, NovelToon, WebRead, dan lain sebagainya. Hal itu menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi generasi muda di Pedukuhan Karanglo karena kedekatan anak-anak/remaja dengan dunia digital. Hal ini perlu adanya pengawasan orang tua. Selain itu juga anak-anak/remaja perlu memiliki pengetahuan mengenai kekurangan dan kelebihan serta dampak positif dan negatif dunia digital tersebut dan memanfaatkan dengan bijak. Aplikasi pembacaan daring yang mudah diakses oleh segala usia secara tidak langsung akan memengaruhi perkembangan anak-anak, menilik dalam aplikasi tersebut terdapat konten-konten yang tidak layak dibaca oleh anak-anak/remaja. Di sisi lain, kreativitas anak-anak/ remaja juga harus dibiarkan tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, melalui sosialisasi diharapkan anak-anak/ remaja Padukuhan Karanglo memiliki wawasan yang luas tentang sastra digital sehingga dapat memfilter karya sastra yang akan dibaca. Di samping itu, melalui program pelatihan penulisan kreativitas anak-anak atau remaja diajak untuk merangsang daya imajinasinya melalui bahasa. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini (1) sosialisasi sastra digital, dan (2) pelatihan penulisan sastra sederhana. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menghasilkan gambaran bahwa anak remaja perempuan Padukuhan Karanglo lebih menyukai cerita romansa yang terdapat dalam aplikasi membaca daring daripada remaja laki-laki. Sementara kegiatan pelatihan penulisan sastra sederhana memperlihatkan anak-anak mampu membuat karangan menggunakan gaya bahasa seperti yang diberikan meskipun dengan belum terstruktur dengan baik.
Morphological structure of galvanized copper layers in inhomogeneous regimes
Authors: Morozovych V. V. , Lyashenko Yu. O.
Published: March 2023

The microstructure of copper layers obtained by electrodeposition in stationary, pulsed and stochastic modes on copper substrates was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the shape of the applied grains differs significantly in the case of pulsed and stationary application modes. The technology of production of electrodeposited layers in stationary, pulse and stochastic modes of copper on copper substrates is worked out in the work. The developed automated software and hardware complex was used to control the electrodeposition process. The effect of electrodeposition in different modes on the structure of copper surface layers was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative examination of SEM images of electrodeposited surfaces showed that in the case of stochastic and stationary modes of electrodeposition, a coating with a larger grain size is formed than in the case of pulsed deposition. It should also be noted that the shape of the applied grains is significantly different in the case of pulsed and stationary application modes. In the process of electrodeposition in the stationary mode, sediment is formed in the form of conglomerates of grains of different sizes, while in the pulse mode, a uniform grain structure is formed. The shape of the grains formed in the process of electrodeposition in the stochastic mode is different in that the coating has areas with evenly distributed grains and conglomerates of grains. The average grain size in the electrodeposited layers obtained using the pulse mode increases with increasing pulse period. It was also found that the average grain size is smaller in the case of the stochastic application method than in the case of the pulsed method, for the same average current density
Prehospital and emergency management of pediatric traumatic brain injury: a multicenter site survey
Authors: Mai Gawin , Lee Jan Hau , Caporal Paula , Roa G. Juan D. , González-Dambrauskas Sebastián , Zhu Yanan , Yock-Corrales Adriana , Abbas Qalab , Kazzaz Yasser , Dewi Dianna Sri , Chong Shu-Ling , _ _ , Turina Deborah M. , Domínguez-Rojas Jesús A. , Pilar-Orive Francisco J. , Gan Chin Seng , Abbas Qalab , Villalobos Willmer E. Diaz , Ardila Ivan J. , Samransamruajkit Rujipat , Yock-Corrales Adriana , Fonseca Marisol , Aparicio Gabriela , Jaramillo-Bustamante Juan C. , Lee Pei-Chuen , Teran Thelma E. , Monteverde-Fernandez Nicolas , Rodríguez María Miñambres , Roa G Juan D. , Liu Chunfeng , Zhang Tao , Ming Meixiu , Dang Hongxing , Kurosawa Hiroshi , Chamorro Freddy Israel Pantoja , Noguera Deiby Lasso , Cerón Esteban , Arriola Natalia Gómez , Palomino Ruben Eduardo Lasso
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

There is a paucity of information on pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) care in Asia and Latin America. In this study, the authors aimed to describe the clinical practices of emergency departments (EDs) participating in the Saline in Asia and Latin-America Neurotrauma in the Young (SALTY) study, by comparing designated trauma centers (DTCs) and nontrauma centers (NTCs) in their networks.

METHODS

The authors performed a site survey study on pediatric TBI management in the EDs in 14 countries. Two European centers joined other participating sites in Asia and Latin America. Questions were formulated after a critical review of current TBI guidelines and published surveys. The authors performed a descriptive analysis and stratified centers based on DTC status.

RESULTS

Of 24 responding centers (70.6%), 50.0% were DTCs, 70.8% had academic affiliations, and all centers were in urban settings. Patients were predominantly transferred to DTCs by centralized prehospital services compared to those sent to NTCs (83.3% vs 41.7%, p = 0.035). More NTCs received a majority of their patients directly from the trauma scene compared to DTCs (66.7% vs 25.0%, p = 0.041). Ten centers (41.7%) reported the use of a TBI management guideline, and 15 (62.5%) implemented CT protocols. Ten DTCs reported implementation of intervention strategies for suspected raised intracranial pressure (ICP) before conducting a CT scan, and 6 NTCs also followed this practice (83.3% vs 50.0%, p = 0.083). ED management for children with TBI was comparable between DTCs and NTCs in the following aspects: neuroimaging, airway management, ICP monitoring, fluid resuscitation, anticoagulant therapy, and serum glucose control. Hyperventilation therapy for raised ICP was used by 33.3% of sites.

CONCLUSIONS

This study evaluated pediatric TBI management and infrastructure among 24 centers. Limited differences in prehospital care and ED management for pediatric patients with TBI were observed between DTCs and NTCs. Both DTCs and NTCs showed variation in the implementation of current TBI management guidelines. There is an urgent need to investigate specific barriers to guideline implementation in these regions.
RESEARCH OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL REGULARITIES OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGY FOR EXTRACTION OF METALS FROM DUMP SLAG
Authors: Tileuberdi A. N. , Tleuova S. T. , Tleuov A. S. , Pazylova D. T.
Published: March 2023

Pollution of the environment with metals such as lead, nickel, copper, titanium, and zinc is a worldwide public problem, as evidenced by the elevated levels in the blood of people living in polluted areas. The physicochemical analysis of the initial waste slags determined the phase and mineralogical features, as well as the elemental composition of the waste slags of lead production and refractory clays of the Sairam district of the Turkestan region. Thermodynamic studies of the calculation of the Gibbs energy of possible reactions of joint chlorinating roasting of non-ferrous and refractory metals have established the probability of reactions involving lead oxides, and nickel oxides in the presence of aluminum oxides, iron, and calcium chloride. An analysis of the obtained calculated data of the Gibbs energy showed that only in the high-temperature region is possible the joint chlorination of copper and nickel oxides in the presence of aluminum oxide, and in the presence of iron oxide, thermodynamic reaction 6 is likely. Mathematical planning of the experiment determined the technological parameters of the process, ensuring the extraction of nickel up to 94% when firing a mixture of slag and clay at 87-8%.
Evaluating winter grain crops varieties suitable for the Lower Volga region of Russia
Authors: SUKHAREVA E. P. , BELIKINA A. V.
Published: March 2023

For efficient grain production in arid climate, producers need a choice of winter crop varieties. For this purpose, an ecological test of varieties of winter wheat and winter barley was carried out on experimental fields typical for the climatic conditions of the Lower Volga region of Russia. Plots with experimental crops, with an area of ​​10 m2, were located by the method of successive repetitions in 3-fold repetition. By the ecological test, varieties of winter crops of various originators were sown, according to the predecessor - black fallow, with seeds with a field germination rate of 90-95%, with a seeding rate of 3.5 million pcs. ha, to a depth of 5-6 cm. There were 16 varieties of winter wheat in the test, Don 93 served as the standard variety. Five varieties of winter barley were tested, the standard variety was Volzhsky 1. The obtained results of the yield of varieties were processed by analysis of variance to assess their yield. It has been established that in the technological process of production of grain of winter crops, the value of the variety is significant and has a share of 72.4%, the remaining factors of production account for 27.5%. The leader in terms of winter wheat yield (8.5 t/ha) was the Tarasovskaya variety. The lowest yield in the test was in the Governor of the Don variety 5.7 t/ha. High yield of winter wheat in the variety of local selection Kamyshanka 3 was 8.1 t/ha. The maximum biological yield of 6.4 t/ha was obtained for the winter barley variety Buran, mainly due to the larger number of productive shoots 440 pcs/m2 and the largest grain mass per spike 1.46 g variety Voskhod 4.9 t/ha.
Effect of seed priming on growth and yield of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum) in central plain region of Punjab
Authors: SINGH JAGMOHAN , AULAKH GURKIRAT SINGH , SINGH SARABJIT
Published: March 2023

Poor seed germination affects growth and yield of crop under late sown conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted to study the effect of seed priming on growth and yield of late sown wheat at student's Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India during rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22. The experiment was set up in a randomised block design which included 10 treatments and three replications. Late sown variety PBW 752 of wheat was used during experiment. The results showed that using different treatments of seed priming had no significant effect on parameters i.e. test weight, harvest index and protein content but other parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of tillers, number of effective tillers, spikelets per spike, grains per ear, biological yield, grain yield and straw yield were significantly affected by seed priming. In the treatment of seed priming with potassium nitrate @ 10,000 ppm recorded highest grain yield (34.9 q/ha), biological yield (87.67 q/ha), effective tillers per metre row (50.30), spike length (9.50 cm) and number of grains per spike (38.20). The results of this study allowed us to draw the conclusion that wheat grain production can be improved by seed priming under late sown conditions.
Unchartered waters: Significance of fall in Ki67 index after short-term preoperative endocrine therapy in early breast cancers
Authors: Louis Dhanya Mary , Nair Lakshmi Malavika , Vijaykumar D.K. , Vallonthaiel Archana George , Yesodharan Jyotsna , Bhaskaran Renjitha , Narmadha M.P.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Endocrine treatment for breast cancer acts largely by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. The biomarker Ki67 is linked to the proliferative index of the tumour. OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors affecting the fall in Ki67 value in early-stage hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer patients receiving short-term preoperative endocrine therapy in an Indian cohort. METHODS: Women with hormone receptor positive, invasive, nonmetastatic, and early breast cancer (<T2, <N1) were assigned to short-term preoperative tamoxifen 20 mg daily (pre-menopausal women) or Letrozole 2.5 mg daily (post-menopausal women) for a minimum of 7 days after noting the baseline Ki67 value from the diagnostic core biopsy specimen. The postoperative Ki67 value was estimated from the surgical specimen, and the factors determining the extent of fall were evaluated. RESULTS: The short-term preoperative endocrine therapy resulted in a reduction in the median Ki67 index, which was significantly greater among postmenopausal women who received Letrozole (63.25 (31.94–80.5)) than among premenopausal women who received Tamoxifen (0 (−28.99–62.25)) (p-value 0.001). The fall in Ki67 value was particularly marked for patients with low-grade tumors with high Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression (p-value < 0.05). The duration of treatment (<2 week or 2–4 week or >4 week) did not affect the fall in Ki67. CONCLUSION: Preoperative therapy with Letrozole resulted in a more significant fall in Ki67, as compared to therapy with Tamoxifen. Determining the fall in Ki67 value in response to preoperative endocrine therapy could provide an insight into the response to endocrine therapy in luminal breast cancer.
Injection mammoplasty: Normal imaging appearances, complications, and implications for mammographic screening
Authors: Goh Winfred Xi Tai , Lee Yien Sien , Teo Sze Yiun
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The normal imaging appearances of the common agents used in injection mammoplasty and the challenges of mammography screening will be reviewed. METHODS: The local database from a tertiary hospital was accessed for imaging cases of injection mammoplasty. RESULTS: Free silicone is seen as multiple high-density opacities on mammograms. Silicone deposits can often be seen within axillary nodes due to lymphatic migration. Sonographically, a snowstorm appearance is seen when the silicone is diffusely distributed. On MRI, free silicone is hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, with no contrast enhancement. Mammograms have a limited role in screening due to the high density of silicone. MRI is often required in these patients. Polyacrylamide gel and hyaluronic acid are seen as multiple collections on mammography. Polyacrylamide gel collections are of the same density as cysts, while hyaluronic acid collections are of higher density but less dense than silicone. On ultrasound, both can appear anechoic or show variable internal echoes. MRI demonstrates fluid signal with hypointense T1-weighted and hyperintense T2-weighted signal. Mammographic screening is possible if the injected material is located predominantly in the retro-glandular space without obscuring the breast parenchyma. On mammograms, autologous fat locules appear as lucent masses. Rim calcification can be seen if fat necrosis had developed. On ultrasound, focal fat collections can demonstrate varying levels of internal echogenicity, depending on the stage of fat necrosis. Mammographic screening is usually possible for patients after autologous fat injection as fat is hypodense compared to breast parenchyma. However, the dystrophic calcification associated with fat necrosis may mimic abnormal breast calcification. In such cases, MRI can be utilized as a problem-solving tool. CONCLUSION: It is important for the radiologist to recognize the type of injected material on the various imaging modalities and recommend the best modality for screening.
Effect of electrical stimulation training and detraining on abdominal muscle function
Authors: Hwang Ui-Jae , Kwon Oh-Yun
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been applied in many rehabilitation settings for muscle strengthening, facilitation of muscle contraction, re-education of muscle action, and maintenance of muscle strength and size during prolonged immobilization. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of 8 weeks of EMS training on abdominal muscle function and to determine whether the training effect could be maintained after 4 weeks of EMS detraining. METHODS: Twenty-five subjects performed EMS training for 8 weeks. Before and after 8 weeks of EMS training, and after 4 weeks of EMS detraining, muscle size (cross-sectional area [CSA] of the rectus abdominals [RA] and lateral abdominal wall [LAW]), strength, endurance, and lumbopelvic control (LC) were measured. RESULTS: There were significant increases in CSA [RA (p< 0.001); LAW (p< 0.001)], strength [trunk flexor (p= 0.005); side-bridge (p< 0.05)], endurance [trunk flexor (p= 0.010); side-bridge (p< 0.05)], and LC (p< 0.05) after 8 weeks of EMS training. The CSA of the RA (p< 0.05) and the LAW (p< 0.001) were measured after 4 weeks of detraining and they were greater than that of the baseline. There were no significant differences in abdominal strength, endurance, and LC between baseline measurements and post-detraining. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that there is less of a detraining effect on muscle size than on muscle strength, endurance, and LC.
Evaluation of the effects of a novel exercise program in the treatment of low back pain in women working in a seated position: A randomized trial
Authors: Proskura Patrycja , Rutkowska-Kucharska Alicja , Sobera Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) in sedentary workers is an increasing problem. Hyperlordosis or hypolordosis of the lumbar spine may be one of the causes of LBP. Various exercise programs are used in the prevention of LBP, but they do not consider individualization for diagnosed hyperlordosis or hypolordosis of the lumbar spine. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the authors’ original exercise program aimed at reducing hyperlordosis or increasing hypolordosis. METHODS: Sixty women aged 26 to 40 working in a sedentary position participated in the study. The sagittal curvature and the range of motion of the lumbar spine flexion were measured with the Saunders inclinometer, and the level of LBP was evaluated using the VAS scale. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups that participated in a 3-month exercise program developed by the authors. The first group performed exercises adjusted to the diagnosed hyperlordosis or hypolordosis, and the second group performed the same exercises regardless of the lumbar lordosis angle. The study was conducted again after completing the exercises. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p< 0.0001) in the level of pain, with better results in the group where individualized exercise was used – 60% of the participants reported complete absence of LBP. The lumbar lordosis angle was within normal limits in 97% of the subjects in the first group, and in 47% of the subjects in the second group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirm the validity of using individualized exercises with regard to diagnosed hyperlordosis or hypolordosis of the lumbar spine in order to achieve better analgesic and postural correction effects.
The effects of a structured physiotherapy program on pulmonary function and walking capacity in obese and non-obese adults undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Shaphe Mohammad Abu
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Obesity is thought to be a risk factor for cardiopulmonary diseases due to changed pulmonary mechanics. It also drastically lowers functional capability in both males and females. A routine physiotherapy program has been shown to be effective in the prevention and treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases. It also significantly increases functional capacity following coronary artery bypass grafting. However, the effect of a structured physiotherapy program in obese and non-obese patients has not been well explored. As such, the objective of this study is to determine the effect of a standardized physiotherapy program on pulmonary function and walking capacity in obese and non-obese patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 50 obese (age 57.2 ± 6.3 Y) and non-obese (age 56.6 ± 5.7 Y) adults who were schedule for coronary artery bypass grafting. Their body mass index was used to separate them into two groups. Both groups followed a structured physiotherapy program from day 1 to day 7 post cardiac surgery. Both groups underwent spirometry test at baseline (preoperatively) and after day 4 and day 7 postoperatively as well as a six-minute walk test at baseline and on day 7 postoperatively. RESULTS: At baseline, obese individuals had significantly lower pulmonary and physical functioning. On postoperative day 4, both groups deteriorated, although the obese group deterioration was worse, in most of the pulmonary parameters. On postoperative day 7, both groups improved, though the non-obese group improved at a faster rate. In contrary, it was observed that the obese group improved more rapidly in terms of functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicated that the outcomes of a structured physiotherapy program following coronary artery bypass grafting were different for persons who were obese compared to those who were not. Adipose tissue variations surrounding the rib cage, diaphragm, and visceral cavity may account for the observed rate of change between the two groups. Therefore, it is apparent that a new strategy for managing obese individuals who have undergone CABG is required.
Effects of Sideritis scardica Extract on Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Mice
Authors: Lazarova Maria I. , Tancheva Lyubka P. , Tasheva Krasimira N. , Denev Petko N. , Uzunova Diamara N. , Stefanova Miroslava O. , Tsvetanova Elina R. , Georgieva Almira P. , Kalfin Reni E.
Published: March 2023

Background: The neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer’s disease, one of the most common types of dementia worldwide, mostly affects the cholinergic neurotransmitter system and, to a lesser extent, the monoaminergic one. The antioxidant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and triple monoamine reuptake inhibitory activity of Sideritis scardica (S. scardica) and other Sideritis species has already been reported. Objective: To investigate the effects of S. scardica water extracts on the learning and memory processes, anxiety-like behavior, and locomotor activities in scopolamine (Sco)-induced dementia in mice. Methods: Male Albino IRC mice were used. The plant extract was administered for 11 consecutive days in the presence or absence of Sco (1 mg/kg, i.p). The behavioural performance of the animals was evaluated by passive avoidance, T-maze, and hole-board tests. The effects of extract on AChE activity, brain noradrenalin (NA), and serotonin (Sero) content, and antioxidant status were also monitored. Results: Our experimental data revealed that the S. scardica water extract caused a reduction in degree of memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviour in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia. The extract did not affect changed by the Sco AChE activity but impact reduced brain NA and Sero levels and demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity. In healthy mice we did not confirm the presence of anxiolytic-like and AChE inhibitory effects of the S. scardica water extract. The extract did not change the control Sero brain levels and reduce those of NA. Conclusion: S. scardica water extract demonstrated memory preserving effect in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia and deserve further attention.
Reduced Range of Gait Speed: A Parkinson’s Disease-Specific Symptom?
Authors: von der Recke Felix , Warmerdam Elke , Hansen Clint , Romijnders Robbin , Maetzler Walter
Published: March 2023

Reduced range of gait speed (RGS) may lead to decreased environmental adaptability in persons with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). Therefore, lab-measured gait speed, step time, and step length during slow, preferred, and fast walking were assessed in 24 PwPD, 19 stroke patients, and 19 older adults and compared with 31 young adults. Only PwPD, but not the other groups, showed significantly reduced RGS compared to young adults, driven by step time in the low and step length in the high gait speed range. These results suggest that reduced RGS may occur as a PD-specific symptom, and different gait components seem to contribute.
DICO: Dingo coot optimization-based ZF net for pansharpening
Authors: Singh Preeti , Singh Sarvpal , Paprzycki Marcin
Published: March 2023

With the recent advancements in technology, there has been a tremendous growth in the usage of images captured using satellites in various applications, like defense, academics, resource exploration, land-use mapping, and so on. Certain mission-critical applications need images of higher visual quality, but the images captured by the sensors normally suffer from a tradeoff between high spectral and spatial resolutions. Hence, for obtaining images with high visual quality, it is necessary to combine the low resolution multispectral (MS) image with the high resolution panchromatic (PAN) image, and this is accomplished by means of pansharpening. In this paper, an efficient pansharpening technique is devised by using a hybrid optimized deep learning network. Zeiler and Fergus network (ZF Net) is utilized for performing the fusion of the sharpened and upsampled MS image with the PAN image. A novel Dingo coot (DICO) optimization is created for updating the learning parameters and weights of the ZF Net. Moreover, the devised DICO_ZF Net for pansharpening is examined for its effectiveness by considering measures, like Peak Signal To Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Degree of Distortion (DD) and is found to have attained values at 50.177 dB and 0.063 dB.
Neuroprotective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract against high glucose-induced toxicity in Neuro-2a cells and Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Malar Dicson Sheeja , Prasanth Mani Iyer , Brimson James Michael , Verma Kanika , Prasansuklab Anchalee , Tencomnao Tewin
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:

Chronic hyperglycemic conditions can activate aberrant metabolic pathways causing neurotoxicity.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to explore the effect of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (HS) against high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in Neuro-2a cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.

METHODS:

To ascertain the neuroprotective effect, Neuro-2a cells were pre-treated with HS followed by high glucose and assessed for cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential ( ΔΨm) using confocal microscopy, Real-Time PCR, Western blot and in silico approaches for the compounds identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Further, C. elegans were treated with HS extract in the presence of glucose and analyzed for the neuroprotective effect.

RESULTS:

High glucose exhibited toxicity in Neuro-2a cells by ROS generation, disrupting ΔΨm, modulating stress response and lipid metabolism genes, altering signaling proteins (AKT, JNK), and apoptosis (P53, Caspase-3). However, pre-treatment with HS extract reversed the effect and exhibited neuroprotection. Compounds including allo-Aromadendrene, and N-Feruloyltyramine were identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Docking studies against candidate protein targets indicated that the compounds of HS extract exhibit higher docking scores and can inhibit/activate the targets. Further, HS extended the lifespan of C. elegans (CL2006) from high glucose toxicity through the downregulation of A β.

CONCLUSION:

Our results propose that HS with its active constituents can be considered a promising therapeutic agent to treat hyperglycemia associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Reopening of ductus arteriosus in idiopathic premature constriction or closure of ductus arteriosus: A case series
Authors: Aoki H. , Kawataki M. , Kim K. , Saito T. , Inagaki Y. , Shimokaze T. , Ishikawa H. , Toyoshima K.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on managing pregnancy when the fetus is diagnosed with idiopathic premature constriction or closure of the ductus arteriosus (PCDA). Knowing whether the ductus reopens is valuable information for managing idiopathic PCDA. We conducted a case-series study to investigate the natural perinatal course of idiopathic PCDA and examined factors associated with ductal reopening. METHODS: We retrospectively collected information about the perinatal course and echocardiographic findings at our institution, which, on principle, does not determine delivery timing based on fetal echocardiographic results. We also examined perinatal factors related to the reopening of the ductus arteriosus. RESULTS: Thirteen cases of idiopathic PCDA were included in the analysis. The ductus reopened in 38% of cases. Among cases diagnosed in < 37 weeks of gestation, 71% reopened, which was confirmed seven days after diagnosis (interquartile range 4–7). Diagnosis earlier in gestation was associated with ductal reopening (p = 0.006). Two cases (15%) developed persistent pulmonary hypertension. No fetal hydrops or death occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The ductus is likely to reopen when prenatally diagnosed before 37 weeks gestation. There were no complications due to our pregnancy management policy. In idiopathic PCDA, especially if the prenatal diagnosis is made before 37 weeks of gestational age, continuing the pregnancy with careful monitoring of the fetus’s well-being is recommended.
Neonatal outcomes and long-term neurodevelopmental evaluations of hospitalized early term infants: prospective case-control study
Authors: Yangin Ergon E. , Kivilcim M. , Colak R. , Dasci Y. , Ozdemir S. Alkan , Calkavur S.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUNDS: It was intended to compare early term babies to term babies by reviewing short-term issues and long-term neurodevelopmental evaluations. METHODS: It was planned as a prospective case-control study. Of the 4263 infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, 109 infants born at early term by elective cesarean section and hospitalized within the first 10 postnatal days were included in the study. As the control group, 109 babies born at term were enrolled. Nutrition status of infants, reasons for hospitalization in the first postnatal week were recorded. When the babies were 18-24 months old, an appointment was made for neurodevelopmental evaluation. RESULTS: In the early term group, the time of breastfeeding was later than the control group, with a statistically significant difference. Similarly, breastfeeding difficulty, need for formula in the first week postpartum and hospitalization were found to be significantly higher in the early term group. Considering the short-term results; pathological weight loss, hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy and feeding difficulties were statistically significantly higher in the early term group. Neurodevelopmental delay did not statistically differ across the groups, but the early term group’s MDI and PDI scores were found to be statistically lower than those of the term group. CONCLUSION: Early term infants are thought to be like term infants in many ways. Although these babies are similar to term babies, they are still physiologically immature. The short and long-term negative consequences of early term birth are obvious, non-medical elective early term births should be prevented.
Custom-designed sensors embedded 3D-printed wearable device for improving the hemodialysis-related vascular dysfunction detection
Authors: Chen Wei-Ling , Lin Chia-Hung , Yang Tsung-Lung , Lin Che-Wei , Kan Chung-Dann
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) imposes a substantial economic burden on public health-care systems. Hemodialysis (HD) is a pivotal treatment modality for patients with ESRD. However, prolonged use of HD vessels may result in stenosis, thrombosis, and occlusion due to repeated daily punctures. Thus, early detection and prevention of the dysfunction of dialysis routes are crucial. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we designed a wearable device for the early and accurate detection of arteriovenous access (AVA) stenosis in HD patients. METHODS: A personalized three-dimensional (3D) printed wearable device was designed by combining the phonoangiography (PAG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) techniques. The capability of this device to monitor AVA dysfunction before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was evaluated. RESULTS: After PTA, the amplitudes of both PAG and PPG signals increased in patients with arteriovenous fistulas and those with arteriovenous grafts; this might be due to increased blood flow. CONCLUSION: Our designed multi-sensor wearable medical device using PAG, PPG, and 3D printing appears suitable for early and accurate detection of AVA stenosis in HD patients.
In vitro dissolution test of ketoprofene: development and evaluation of release from soft and hard gelatine capsules
Authors: Karłowicz-Bodalska Katarzyna , Han Tomasz , Sauer Natalia , Szlasa Wojciech , Szczepańska Olga , Janicka Natalia , Wacławczyk Katarzyna , Kuchar Ernest , Wiela-Hojeńska Anna
Published: March 2023

Ketoprofen belongs to a group of widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is found in several doses and various forms of medications. Therapeutic efficacy is related to the rate of release of the active substances, which depends on the formulation, the quality of the constituent substances and solubility. In order to determine the efficacy of drug products containing ketoprofen available on the pharmaceutical market in Poland, studies comparing the release profiles of the active substance contained in specific formulation and doses, Ketokaps MAX, 50 mg, soft capsules, Ketonal Active, 50 mg, hard capsules, Ketokaps MED, 100 mg, soft capsules, Refastin, 100 mg, film-coated tablets and Ketonal Forte, 100 mg, film-coated tablets have been conducted. Drug release has been tested using FaSSGF and FaSSIF bioequivalent media in a type IV flow apparatus. The results indicate that the product Ketokaps MAX, 50 mg has a shorter release time of ketoprofen and a faster reached maximum concentration of the released active substance than the market product Ketonal Active, 50 mg. The same outcomes will be achieved by the product Ketokaps MED, 100 mg compared to the market products Refastin, 100 mg and Ketonal Forte, 100 mg. In vitro studies confirm that the tested products differ noticeably in the kinetics of release of the active substance. Ketokaps MAX, 50 mg and Ketokaps MED, 100 mg achieve c max in a shorter time.
Effect of silymarin on the parameters of oxidative stress in hearts in the course of diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats
Authors: Bramora Piotr , Zych Maria , Borymska Weronka , Kaczmarczyk-Żebrowska Ilona
Published: March 2023

Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the most important causes of the formation of oxygen free radicals in diabetes, which damage various organs. Damage to proteins and lipids in the heart can lead to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which in turn may cause cardiovascular failure. In order to counteract oxidative stress, the innate antioxidant mechanisms of the system should be supported by supplementation with exogenous antioxidants, for instance of plant origin. In this experiment, the role of silymarin, a plant-derived flavonolignan on the oxidative stress parameters and oxidative damage markers in the hearts was determined in an experimental model of diabetes. Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/kg (ip). Then, silymarin was administered at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for four weeks via a gastric tube. In diabetic animals an increase in malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, as well as increased activity of antioxidant enzymes in heart tissues was noted. Administration of silymarin inhibited oxidative stress by increasing the total antioxidant response, decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde and advanced oxidation protein products and a slight increase in the level of glutathione. It can be concluded that the redox state in the examined tissue improved. Based on the results in can be concluded that silymarin demonstrates a potential in preventing the development of oxidative damage in the heart tissue in the course of experimental diabetes.
Validated HPLC-UV method for determination of venlafaxine and its metabolite - o-desmethylvenlafaxine in human plasma
Authors: Pawiński Tomasz , Szlaska Iwona , Kukiełka Monika , Kośnik Kinga
Published: March 2023

This paper describes a simple, rapid and cost-effective HPLC-UV method for the determination of venlafaxine and its active metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine in human plasma. Sample preparation is based on a liquid-liquid extraction procedure with a short extraction time. Prazosine hydrochloride was used as the internal standard. The HPLC separation was performed on a Supelcosil LC-CN column, using a mobile phase consisting acetonitrile : 25 mM phosphate buffer at pH 3,5 (15:85 v/v). The calibration curve is linear in the concentrations range of 25-1000 ng/mL, which is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of venlafaxine hydrochloride following of dosing from 37.5 mg to 375.0 mg per day. The method was fully validated according to the international guidances,
A combination of simvastatin and low-protein diet increases renal 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity in rats
Authors: Belczyk Małgorzata , Knapik-Czajka Malgorzata , Gawedzka Anna , Mikolajczyk Katarzyna , Drag Jagoda
Published: March 2023

Mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (2-OGDH) that consists of multiple copies of 3 catalytic subunits (E1, E2, E3) is a regulatory enzyme of tricarboxylic acid cycle. 2-OGDH together with branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases family. It was shown that in protein-restricted rats simvastatin stimulated liver BCKDH, whereas it exerted no effect on BCKDH in rats fed a standard diet. We hypothesized that combination of simvastatin and low-protein diet could have an impact on renal 2-OGDH. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combination of simvastatin and low-protein diet on renal 2-OGDH in rats. Simvastatin (80 mg/kg b.wt/day) or the vehicle (0.3% methylcellulose) were administered orally (for 14 days) to rats fed low-protein (8% protein) or standard (23% protein) diet. 2-OGDH activity, protein levels and mRNA levels for E1 and E2 subunits were determined. In addition, serum creatinine level was measured. Results: The combination of simvastatin and low-protein diet elicited the increase of renal 2-OGDH activity that corresponded to the increase of E1 protein, but not of E1 mRNA level. In contrast, simvastatin treatment did not affect 2-OGDH activity, nor protein and mRNA levels of E1 in rats fed standard diet. Serum creatinine levels were not changed upon simvastatin administration in any group. In conclusion, the results of present study indicate that combination of simvastatin and low-protein diet induces stimulation of renal 2-OGDH complex probably at post-transcriptional level.