bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Sedimentation Evolution Based on the Sequence Stratigraphic Frameworks in Shahezi Formation of Southern Xujiweizi Fault Depression
Authors: Li Ang , Cai Lai Xing , Liu Shuang , Li Qi
Published: August 2014

Many scholars in China introduced the theory of sequence stratigraphy,applying to Chinese continental fault depression lake, they have made a lot of achievements in scientific research. However, there are still a lot of controversy according to the establishment in Shahezi group of sequence stratigraphic framework in Xujiaweizi fault depression.Sequence boundary identification method in this paper is based on the “instruction of Vail’s sequence stratigraphy theory, identification of seismic unconformity, verification by using logging methords”. And, following the principle of isochronous ,sequence stratigraphic framework of this region is established clearly. The southern Xujiaweizi fault depression in Shahezi group is divided into 1 second grade sequence, in the interior distributed SQ1-SQ4 4 third grade sequences from the bottom. Developmental stages at the bottom of SQ1 and the top of SQ4, basin is small and water is shallow. However, Developmental stages in SQ2 and SQ3,water enters the lake basin continuously, formed a sedimentary background of “wide basin and deep water”. In addition, each of the three grade sequence has split structure, the lake transgressive domain and lake regression domain two system tracts. Besides, the reversed order para-sequence sets caused by the lake regression and progradation set on the positive para-sequence sets caused by the lake transgression and retrogradation. On the basis of sequence stratigraphic division and correlation, conbined with the regional construction and the supply of provenance ,the sedimentary sequence framework of evolution characteristics are studied.That fan delta,braided river delta, lacustrine are the main facies types in study area. Characteristics of sedimentary evolution there are like this: the characteristics of sedimentation evolution show framework controls sand, succession of evolution, separated-source sedimentary, contiguously distribution.
Study on Flotation Separation and Determination of Trace Copper in Water Samples Using Microcrystalline Adsorption System
Authors: Zhong Yu Jun , Wen Xin Rong
Published: August 2014

The paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Cu2+ using microcrystalline adsorption system and the determination of trace Cu2+ in water samples by spectrophotometry. The effects of the dosages of KI, ascorbic acid (AA) and cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC),various salts and acidity on the flotation yield of Cu2+ have been investigated. The possible flotation separation mechanism of Cu2+ was discussed.The results showed that under the optimum conditions, CPC cation (CPC+) reacted with I- to produce the microcrystalline matter (Ms-M) of (CPC+·I-),Cu2+ could be reduced to Cu+ by ascorbic acid,and then Cu+ reacted with I- to form the precipitation of CuI.The precipitation of CuI was quantificationally adsorbed on the surface of Ms-M of (CPC+·I-) and was floated above salt-water phase. While Zn2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Mn2+ and Fe2+ could not be floated.Therefore, Cu2+ was separated completely from the above metal ions. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of trace Cu2+ in various environmental water samples after flotation separation using microcrystalline adsorption system, and the results agreed well with those obtained by GFAAS method.The recoveries were 97.9%~100.7%, and the RSD is 0.8%~1.3%.
Research on Transverse Faults in the Longmenshan Fault Zone, China
Authors: Wang Wei Feng , Zhu Chuan Hua , Qing Yan Bin , Shan Xin Jian
Published: August 2014

The Longmenshan fault zone has been a research hotspot, but fewer scholars have paid attention to its transverse faults. According to the analysis of regional tectonic, seismic activities, geomorphic features, remote sensing images, and deep geophysical data, combined with field studies, the existence, distribution and type of the transverse faults in the Longmenshan fault zone were demonstrated. Research shows that there are 9 transverse faults that lie parallel to each other approximately at ~50km intervals in the Longmenshan fault zone. And transverse faults can be divided into regional transverse faults and localized transverse faults with NW strike, nearly EW strike and nearly SN strike.
Tight Sandstone Reservoirs Classification from Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure (MICP) Data in the North Ordos Basin
Authors: Wei Xiao Lei , Li Xin , Xu Rui , Zhi Ling Ling
Published: August 2014

It is of great importance in classifying reservoirs and establishing the relationship of pore structure and productivity for formation evaluation and reserves estimation. In this study, based on the morphological characteristics and the difference of pore structure evaluation parameters acquired from mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) data, which were obtained from the experimental results of 20 core samples drilled from Chang 6 tight sandstone Formation of north Ordos basin, the Chang 6 formation is classified into three types, and the corresponding average MICP curves of every types are obtained. These were usable in determining the potential target formation and predicting the productivity in tight sandstone reservoirs.
Characteristics of Subtle Fault Zone in Jinhu Sag
Authors: Zhou Wei Wei , Wang Wei Feng , Jie Zhou
Published: August 2014

Subtle fault zones are caused by the weak deformation generated in the sedimentary cover of a sag due to the influence of regional or local stress fields or basement faults. They are too subtle to be easily identified by conventional exploration methods and technologies and are thus usually ignored. Research results prove that there are two basement faults in the Jinhu sag referred to as the NE-and NW-trending basement faults. Parts of the NE-trending basement fault are intense enough to control sag formation and evolution (such as the faults in Yangcun and Shigang, etc.). However, the NW-trending and the rest of the NE-trending basement faults show weak activity and exert little influence on sedimentary cover deformation. These faults merely yield some weakly-deformed trend zones in the sedimentary cover, such as small en-echelon faults, small faults intermittently distributed along fixed directions, buried alluvial fans, zonal or stringy oil-gas traps, or linear structures (such as local folds, narrow and deep half-grabens, etc.). Apart from the two aforementioned types of subtle fault zones, intermittent and stringy NS-trending subtle fault zones are also induced by the EW-trending extrusion stress component in the sag generated by the regional dextral stress field. Keywords: Jinhu sag; basement faults; subtle fault zones; tectonic evolution; en-echelon; trap distribution
Fluid Inclusion and Hydrocarbon Migration in Woruo Mountain Area of North Qiangtang Basin
Authors: Ge Dong Sheng , Li Qi , Hu Jun Jie , Shao Wei
Published: August 2014

The occurrence and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions as well as salinity measurement and Laser Raman test, etc. from Tumengela Formation of Upper Triassic in Woruo Mountain area of North Qiangtang Basin are analyzed in this paper. Which indicating that the inclusions of the study area are mostly in small size with rules and developed in strips or groups. The GOI of the inclusions is especially high, and the homogenization temperature shows two peak values. Besides, the organic inclusions fluorescent display is extremely weak or even nothing. It is believed by combining of the analysis of the host mineral diagenesis stages and salinity of brine in the inclusions that there existed two large scale processes of hydrocarbon generation and migration. Namely, early one is in a small scale with oil migration, later one is in a large scale with gas migration.
Calculation Model of Airflow Temperature and Simulation System in Coal Mine
Authors: Hao Xiao Hua , Ma Heng , Liu Yin Xia , Zhang Hui Bo
Published: August 2014

With the rapid development of coal mine resources, heat harm in deep mine is one of the key problems to be solved in our country. In this article, through analyzing the different heat sources of the mine,we get the calculation model of airflow temperature which is related to the different feature points of shaft , horizontal and slant roadways and extraction working areas.We also take the actual geological conditions into consideration and build simulation system in coal mine to imitate and budget the airflow temperature and air amount in roadway which is at different ventilation system conditions. And it can provide theoretical and technical basis for the optimization scheme research of mine ventilation system , the ways to choose the mine refrigeration system and installation position of air cooler.
Optimization Research of Stope Structural Parameters in Upward Drift Cut-and-Backfilling Mining Method
Authors: Zhu Pi Kai , Zhao Ji Qing
Published: August 2014

Focus on a-400m level stoping in a gold mine, the ANSYS numerical software was used to study the stope structural parameters in upward drift cut-and backfilling mining methods. First, according to engineering experience, the design of stope structural parameters was obtained. Then the stoping process of both the first drift and the second drift was simulated by the numerical software. The vertical maximum displacement and the vertical maximum stress were selected as evaluation indexes for analysis. The result shows that the third project, whose drift width is 4 m and layer height is 3 m, have the best effect with the less displacement and stress compared with other projects.
Technology Principle and Application of Microseismic Monitoring Rockburst
Authors: Zhu Xiao Jing , Pan Yi Shan , Tang Zhi
Published: August 2014

In order to monitor and forecast rockburst, and analyze the source and magnitude,a set of microseismic monitoring rockburst technology was developed,combining with the actual situation in Dongtan coal mine.The technique used SOS microseismic monitoring system to determine failure points,record rockburst moments,the size of epicenter,the epicenter pressure drop and vibration mechanism,infer coal and rock stress state and destruction,and evaluate and monitor rockburst danger degree in accordance with changes of microseismic activities,focal position and activities tendency. The optimization microseismic monitoring network was layoutted in monitoring areas.The seismic geophone picked up microseismic signals and recorded in the rockburst figure,and the rockburst occurrence regularity and development trend were studied based on statistical analysis results of microseismic datas.Then by using VB6.0,the rockburst monitoring results were compounded in the mining drawing with concentration analysis.The rockburst events were statistical processed partitionedly to obtained vibration frequency,maximum vibration energy and total shock energy.The rockburst can be monitored and predicted through the rockburst events reflected by the datas.
The Thermal-Fluent-Solid Coupling Numerical Simulation Study of Coal and Rock Containing Gas
Authors: Qin Tao , Liu Yong Li , Zhang Kai Yun
Published: August 2014

COMSOL software was used in the paper for numerical simulation of excavation face and study stress, gas pressure, the gas seepage velocity, displacement and the change of temperature as well as to the effect of dynamic disaster under different temperature conditions. The results show that the speed of gas pressure to reduce slowed, the gas pressure near the working face gradient increasing with the increase of temperature; the face gas concentration changed not significantly because of the change of temperature under the condition of the temperature change is not big; seepage velocity varies was not obvious under the condition of other conditions don't change, because the viscosity coefficient of the change was not obvious.
Failure Analysis and its Numerical Simulation on Impact-Damage Rock
Authors: Gao Fu Qiang
Published: August 2014

Stress wave propagation effect and failure characteristics were studied by one-stage light-gas gun induced-plate impact experiment technology on limestone. The results show that dispersion effect and attenuation character are existed in impacting rock; failure division properties are analyzed by splitting cut observation, the results show that the failure specimen can be divided by three different failure divisions which are head failure zone, middle tension-compression failure zone and tail fracture failure zone. On this basis, impact-damaged process of rock is numerically simulated to analyze impact-damaged mechanism of limestone specimens.
Fluid-Solid Coupling Numerical Simulation Analysis of Impermeable Rock Mining Seam Floor Failure
Authors: Song Chun Jie , Fan Cheng
Published: August 2014

Based on a deep understanding of FLAC 3D numerical simulation software and the solid-liquid coupling theory and calculation method, this paper established a mining three-dimensional mechanical model under the pressurized water .Using the numerical simulation method, this paper systematically analysis deformation Laws of stress distribution of mining floor, bottom stress, its plastic zone and floor failure depth. By analyzing water inrush flow-solid coupling seepage problem under the conditions of coal mining, and compares with relevant information, verify the rationality of the existing theories and engineering measures, provide a theoretical basis for seeking security and economic exploitation of technical measures.
Study on the Law of Ground Subsidence for Shallow Buried and Thick Coal Seam by Fully Mechanized Caving Mining Method
Authors: Liu Gui , Xu Nai Zhong , Sun Kai Hua
Published: August 2014

In order to master the law of ground surface movement and deformation for shallow buried and thick coal seam under condition of fully mechanized caving mining method, and to gain experience of “mining under buildings, water body and railway”, a ground surface movement observation station was established above 14106 and 14107 working face of No.1 Well which belongs to China Coal Pingshuo Group co., Ltd. Then a series of observation was conducted according to the requirements of relevant technology. After that, process of sorting, calculating, analysis was conducted based on the observation data. As a result, characteristics of surface movement and deformation under this mining and geological condition were mastered by author, the surface subsidence calculation parameters and some surface movement angle parameters was calculated. Based on analysis of ground depression velocity and deflection in the period of ground movement, it is concluded that shallow buried depth with fully mechanized caving mining method has a shorter ground movement active period than that of deep mine, at the same time, its maximum subsidence velocity is big, ground movement and deformation is strenuous and subsidence during ground movement active period occupies a huge proportion of the total subsidence.
Study on Present Status of Complex Refractory Ores Depth Reduction Technology
Authors: Li Feng Jiu , Wang Hui Jing , Jia Qing Mei
Published: August 2014

This article describes a new technology dealing with complex refractory ores-depth reduction technology, and summarizes the application research status of depth reduction technology in the processing of Oolitic, Bayan Obo oxide and nickel laterite ore several recognized complex refractory ores, and points out the development direction of the process. By analysis and comparison with other methods obtains that the depth reduction technology shows its superiority in development and utilization process of China's complex refractory ore,and opens up a new way for the processing of complex refractory ore.
Experimental Research of Roughing and Cleaning Column Flotation of Difficult-to-Float High Ash Coal
Authors: Wang Jian Zhong , Zhang Xian Bo , Qin Hai Bin , Tan Li
Published: August 2014

Coal slime in Zhongcheng coal preparation plant in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, was analyzed. It is found that this coal sample is with high inner ash content and very difficult to float. It is hard to obtain low ash concentrate and high ash tailing with primary flotation. The live scale required ash content is 12.00% for total clean coal, 15.00% for flotation concentrate. It is found that the lowest concentrate ash content is 29.24% through exploring flotation experiments, which can not meet the producing requirement. Results of timed release flotation experiment show that when concentrate ash content is 15.00%, the theoretical concentrate yield is 24.36%, with 50.03% of flotation tailing ash content and 35.49% of combustible matter recovery. It can be concluded that the floatable grade of this coal sample is Very Difficult to Float. So flotation column is taken into account. The lowest concentrate ash content of roughing flotation by flotation column is 18.94%, which does not meet the requirement, either. Results of cleaning flotation of roughing flotation concentrate show that when the recycling pressure is 0.14 MPa, the concentrate ash content is 14.15% with a yield of 30.39%, which is satisfactory and can be referred to direct industrial production.
The Flotation Process with High Intensity Conditioning and Cleaning for Fine Coal
Authors: Li Ji Hui , Ma Li Qiang , Li Yan Zhao , Li Wen Jing , Yue Jian Wei
Published: August 2014

The properties analyzing of flotation feed sample told that this fine coal sample is high-ash and hard-to-float coal slime. The ash reduction comparison of the step-by-step release flotation test with high intensity conditioning (HIC) or not, and the comparison of flotation test with HIC and adding depressant were made. The results showed that HIC can significantly improve the flotation effect for high-ash and hard-to-float coal slime. Comparing with the traditional step-by-step flotation process, if it meets the demand of ash content is 10.00% and 8.00%, the clean coal yield with HIC will increase 18 and 29 percentage points respectively; comparing with the effect of floatation adding depressant, HIC has more help to reduce the ash content and increase the yield of clean coal. In addition, HIC will save a lot of flotation reagents.
Application of Multivariate Regression Method in the Prediction of Oilfield Development Indexes
Authors: Li Qi , Qin Ming , Wang Hong Bo , Zhang Ji Cheng
Published: August 2014

Currently most of our oil fields have entered the extra high water cut stage. Accurate prediction of field development dynamic is the foundation of the reasonable, efficient, sustainable oil field development. Prediction of oilfield development index have varieties of methods ,including the law of diminishing water flooding Union law solution, yield component method, multiple regression and so on. In this paper, we take xingnan development zone eight to twelve district extension well network development index prediction as an example, introduces the application of multiple regression method in the prediction of reservoir indicator.
Technical Research on Fracture of the Large Segment Perforated Old Horizontal Wells
Authors: Du Hui
Published: August 2014

This paper introduced the problems exist in the process of stimulation for the large section perforated old horizontal wells, analyses found the staged fracturing technics string of the horizontal wells in Daqing oilfield did not suit the large segment perforated oil wells. Meanwhile introduced a technic that can satisfy the fracture of large segment perforated old horizontal wells, that are bridge plug fracture and liquid colloidal plug, analyzed the construction characteristics, suitable well conditions and issues exist in the construction procedure of the two technics, provided an example for completing the staged fracturing in the future.
The Characteristics and Impacts Factors of Relative Permeability Curves in High Temperature and Low-Permeability Limestone Reservoirs
Authors: Li Bin , Pu Wan Fen , Li Ke Xing , Jia Hu , Wang Ke Yu , Yang Zai Guang
Published: August 2014

To improve the understanding of the influence of effective permeability, reservoir temperature and oil-water viscosity on relative permeability and oil recovery factor, core displacement experiments had been performed under several experimental conditions. Core samples used in every test were natural cores that came from Halfaya oilfield while formation fluids were simulated oil and water prepared based on analyze data of actual oil and productive water. Results from the experiments indicated that the shape of relative permeability curves, irreducible water saturation, residual oil saturation, width of two-phase region and position of isotonic point were all affected by these factors. Besides, oil recovery and water cut were also related closely to permeability, temperature and viscosity ratio.
Application of Monitoring Data of Multi Point Temperature and Pressure in Regulation of SAGD Well Group
Authors: Wang Guo Dong
Published: August 2014

SAGD has been a major replacing technology in Liaohe Oilfield at the late stage of steam soaking and the scale is expanding gradually, How to monitor the SAGD horizontal production well effectively is the key problem in operating the SAGD well group, multi-point monitoring technology is adopted in Liaohe Oilfield to Monitor multi point temperature and pressure of production wells in the SAGD well group, Multi point measured data of temperature and pressure analysis method is obtained through typical examples analysis, and the important role of multi-point monitoring data is pointed out in regulation of SAGD well group.
Influence of Formation Pressure Variation on Relative Permeability Characteristics of Oil and Water Phase
Authors: Yan Jian , Liang Xiao Bing , Wang Wei Gang , Yao Jun
Published: August 2014

At present, there are still some disputes on the influence of pressure on the relative permeability of oil and water phase in low permeable reservoirs. This text carried out the displacement experiments to study the influences of effective stress and displacement pressure on the relative permeability. The results indicate that: with the decreasing of displacement pressure, the relative permeability of oil and water and the displacement efficiency become poor; the lower the permeability is, the worse the effective permeability and displacement efficiency are; low permeable reservoirs have strong stress sensitivity, the relationship between permeability and effective stress follows power function; when the reservoir energy drops, the effective stress of rock increases, which causes the physical property worse, and meanwhile the flooding pressure decreases, which ultimately reduce the displacement efficiency, so high energy preserving level is the guarantee of improving the flooding efficiency. The results also indicate that the displacement pressure gradient should consider the actual producing pressure gradient after meeting the requirement of π number, otherwise, the testing displacement efficiency may be larger than the actual. The studying results provide theoretical references for high efficiency development of low permeable oilfields.
Mechanical Properties and CO2 Corrosion Behavior of High Strength and Toughness X80 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Wang Li Dong , Liu Feng Lei , Wu Hui Bin
Published: August 2014

A type of X80 grade high strength and toughness pipeline steel was designed and researched. The strengthening mechanism of the steel was analyzed by SEM, TEM and XRD, and the CO2corrosion behavior of the steel was simulated by high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave. The result shows that the microstructure of the base metal is mainly acicular ferrite with a small amount of granular bainite. Acicular ferrite consists of laths which occlude and interweave with each other, and there are many dislocation and carbonitrides distributing in acicular ferrite, which made the pipeline steel have good strength and toughness. Under the simulation of the actual working conditions, the activity of reactants is low at 30°C, so the corrosion rate is smaller at this temperature; the maximum of corrosion rate occurs at 60°C; when the temperature increases to 90°C, the corrosion rate is lower than that of 60°C, that is because hindering corrosion effect which take by the acceleration deposit of corrosion product is better than the acceleration corrosion reactions.
Numerical Simulation of Deep Sea Gas Hydrate Plumes
Authors: Hua Zhi Li , Zhou Zhong Hai
Published: August 2014

Plume is closely related to the presence of gas hydrates which can often be found in plume development area. By acoustic detection, plumes of bubbles in the seawater from shallow gas have been found by marine surveying instruments in some areas over the world. Based on the existed theory of plume porosity, acoustic echo profile of sedbed seep plumes are numerically calculated. Within the simulation results, according to the pattern of gas bubble change and movement in the seawater, process of methane plumes generation is simulated and directs the distribution of bubble radius and plume boundary as depth. Acoustic features of plume bubbles seeping from shallow gas are shown to be consistent with the field results.
Research on the Remaining Oil Starting Mechanism in Different Pores of Polymer Surfactants Using NMR Analysis
Authors: Li Yi Qiang , Liu Zhe Yu , Li Yan Yue , Xu Yi Bo
Published: August 2014

With its unique structure and properties, polymer surfactants have been used in chemical flooding. Compared with ordinary polymer, polymer surfactants have a higher recovery degree. However, remaining oil starting mechanism in different pores using different polymer surfactants after water flooding is still unclear. NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) has a good effect on determination of rock oil saturation and analysis of pore structure. In this paper, oil displacement experiment using kerosene which contains no hydrogen was conducted and the problem caused by the similarity between oil phase relaxation time and water relaxation time in large pores was overcome. Through the change of NMR relaxation time, oil distribution situation in different pores of ordinary polymer, refining III polymer surfactant, and Haibo III polymer surfactant after polymer flooding was measured accurately. This paper also quantitatively analyzed the contribution degree to oil recovery in pores of different sizes, and evaluated oil displacement effect of the above three kinds of oil displacement systems. The results show that when only the swept volume is considered, recovery degree of Haibo III polymer surfactant is higher, reaching 53.66%. In different systems, middle pores contribute most to recovery degree. At the same time, the remaining oil in middle pores and large pores accounts more, which is the main attack direction towards tapping the potential of remaining oil in the oilfield.
The Adsorption Behavior of Thiazole on the Surface of Carbon Steel in Heterogeneous Solution
Authors: Ai Jun Zhe
Published: August 2014

The adsorption behavior of thiazole inhibitior on the surface of N80 carbon steel was studied by potentiodynamic polarization curves in heterogeneous NaCl solution at pH=4. The electrochemical parameters were fitted. The result shows that thiazole inhibitor is of anodic adsorption, and the inhibition efficiency increases with the concentration increasing (4.9×10-4~1.9×10-3mol/L), but decreases with the temperature increasing (30~60°C). The thermodynamics of this adsorption was also discussed. The result is shown that the adsorption is according with Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula in acidic condition, and adsorption is a spontaneous behavior.
The Recognition of Abnormal Gas Measurement Data and Oil and Gas Show
Authors: Du Wen Zhong
Published: August 2014

The continuous promotion and application of new drilling technology greatly improves the speed of drilling, protects the reservoir from pollution, but bring challenges to the logging explaining of oil and gas layers evaluations. The debris samples are very small, have poor representation, carry oil and gas information which has been wiped out by the drilling fluid.To find the abnomal oil and gas through the debris makes incredibly difficult. The study improves the divided measures of the gas thickness,which use the "3H method" to identify oil and gas show, improve the identification level of gas measurement data and oil and gas show.
Applied Orthogonal Experiment Design for Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus Mycelia
Authors: Chen Quan Sheng , Zhou Tao Ying , Li Xing Yuan , Bi Yu , Yang Hui De
Published: August 2014

The purpose of this study to establish the optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters of Polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus mycelia (PABM). Single factor experiment was employed to determine the preliminary range of the extraction parameters including liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic time, extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power. Then, an orthogonal experiment design was employed to determine the best extraction parameters of PABM. the results showed that the optimal UAE parameters of PABM was liquid-solid ratio of 40 ml/g, ultrasonic time of 70 min, extraction temperature of 55°C, and ultrasonic power of 660 W.
Effect of the Starter Cultures on Microbial Characteristics of Mutton Fermented Sausages
Authors: Wang De Bao , Zhao Li Hua , Yang Fan , Li Mei Jun , Su Ri Na , Ma Dan , Jin Ye
Published: August 2014

These sausages were manufactured with mutton and tail fat by starter culture. The microbiological of fermented mutton sausages were evaluated to determine their quality characteristics during ripening and storage. Two groups of fermented sausages manufacture using the same technology were named control group (CO) and starter culture group (SC). In this study, Lactic acid bacteria counts in sausages made with combinations of starter cultures increased to 8 logcfu/g. The total bacteria counts in the SC were lower (P < 0.05) than in the control (CO) after drying and storage time. During ripening, total bacterial counts in the SC were 7logcfu/g, which was significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the CO. The Micrococci-staphylococci counts of the SC were 6 logcfu/g and significantly lower (P < 0.05) than of the CO during ripening.
Study on Basic Properties of Freeze-Drying Gelatinized Glutinous Rice Starch
Authors: Liu Jin , Yang Ren Dang , Yang Fei
Published: August 2014

Freeze-dried gelatinization glutinous rice starch (FGGRS) was prepared, characterized and evaluated. The functional properties of native starch and FGGRS were studied, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggested the structure of FGGRS is looser and more porous, and the surface is rough and scaly. Due to the rapidly cooling process, the movement of starch chains was curded and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the peak strength of FGGRS is lower than the original, presented as a diffuse state and indicated that it is a V-type structure. Its particle was determined by mastersizer 2000 particle size analyzer and resulted in particles with a mean size of 11.33μm. Rheological tests confirmed FGGRS is pseudoplastic fluids and demonstrated that it belonged to shear thinning system. FGGRS presented a lower apparent viscosity and performed better freeze-thaw stability. The light transmittance of FGGRS was 27.67%, and presented a better transparency. In addition, due to its formation of new crystal types and its loose microstructure after lyophilization the cold water solubility of FGGRS is excellent.
Textural and Color Changes of Red Sea Bream (Pagrosomus major) during Storage at 0°C
Authors: Wu Xiao Fei , Zhu Dan Shi , Liang Jie Yu , Wang Li Na , Li Jian Rong
Published: August 2014

The freshness of red sea bream stored under 0°C was analyzed by physical methods, the indicators including the texture, color difference and water holding capacity. The hardness, springiness and cohesiveness showed fluctuant decrease during the storage of 21 days. All of them correlated negatively with the storage time (r=-0.61, -0.60 and-0.68, respectively). While the gumminess and chewiness did not show evident correlations with time. The values of resilience were decreased significantly with storage time (r=-0.81). The L* values kept increasing within the first 12 days of storage, and then decreased until the end of storage. The a* values decreased with the over time, while the increase of b* values were observed. The water holding capacity decreased within 9 days and then increased in the following 6 days. However, 15 days later, it decreased again. The results showed that the resilience, b* values and water holding capacity significantly correlated with the storage time.
Study on the Preparation, Sensory, Chemical, Microbiological Properties of Melon Yoghurt
Authors: Zhai Li Li
Published: August 2014

The melon yoghurt were prepared by blending 20% milk with 30% melon juice before fermentation.The influences of melon juice,stabilizer,sucrose,inoculum,fermentation temperature and time were studied by the single factor experiment;the optimum conditions were investigated by the orthogonal experiment.Different chemical and microbiological characteristics and organoleptic assessment were analyzed to assay the quality of the yoghurt during refrigerated storage at 4°C for 21 days.The results show that melon juice dosage,sucrose amount,fermentation temperature and time have significant effect on the acceptability of yoghurt.The optimal conditions of melon yoghurt are: 35% melon juice,0.2%stabilizer,3%sucrose, 4%inoculation,fermentation at 43°C for 5h.The results of chemical analysis revealed protein contents is 4.0%,fat contents is 3.2%,the total solids content is 11.6%,the titratable acidity is between 70°T and 85°T. The microbiological examination revealed a tolerable level for the samples cultures.The sensory scores increased especially for yoghurt samples,which was obtained by the optimal conditions.
Carbon Emission Performance Research Based on the “Full Carbon Emission”
Authors: Zhang Xue Hua , Li Xiang
Published: August 2014

The full carbon emission is calculated by using the solar emergy as a dimension normalizing tool in this paper. Its accounts include energy consumption carbon emission, potential carbon consumption of biomass resource consumption, and potential carbon consumption of waste emission. Based on it, population carrying capacity of unit carbon emission and economic output of unit carbon emission are taken into comprehensive account to establish the carbon emission performance comprehensive indexes. Taking China’s 30 provinces as examples, the assessment results show that the Nationwide should coordinate the relationship among economic, population and carbon emission. Compared with the traditional carbon efficiency evaluation, the carbon comprehensive performance evaluation based on “full carbon emission calculation” can fairly and objectively reflect the effects from modes of both life and production on carbon emission.
Research on "Happy Farmhouse" Low Carbon Tourism Education: A Case Study of Daxi Village, Anji County, Zhejiang Province
Authors: Hu Jian Qiang , Lou Xiao Feng , Wang Jun Jie
Published: August 2014

Low carbon Tourism Education" refers to the tourists and tourism practitioners, low carbon Tourism Education and guidance activities. The development of low carbon tourism education is an important content of the construction of low carbon economy, the promotion of tourists and tourism practitioners of low carbon idea and behavior, has the vital significance to promote tourism enterprises in low carbon operation management and low carbon Tourism Scenic Area Construction etc. This paper focuses on the development of low carbon Tourism vigorously industry requirements, taking Huzhou Anji Daxi village as an example, through field research, on the existence of low carbon Tourism Education in the village of "Happy Farmhouse" problems are analyzed, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures, with a view to the education level for the construction of low carbon tourism economy to find a it is feasible and has the model significance of the road, and other areas to develop low carbon Tourism " Happy Farmhouse" experience.
Research on China’s Forest Carbon-Sink Policy Path in Coal Mines
Authors: Shang Chuang Hong , Xu Zhi Hong , Wang Jun
Published: August 2014

In post-Kyoto Protocol times, forest carbon-sink has become one of the key path choices to realize clean development for coal mining area to govern ecological environmental pollution. In practice, big challenge is to set up effective and systematic government policies for forest carbon-sink in coal mines. For China, it is just at beginning in policies. Currently, China’s forest carbon-sink policies for coal mines ought to be set up in terms of industry, finance and law.
Research on Performance Evaluation Index System of Agricultural Environment Protection and an Empirical Research
Authors: Tang Xiao Yan , Liang Bin , Wang Wen Lin , Liu Yun Feng
Published: August 2014

Because of long time of excessive application of fertilizers and pesticide, open burning of straw, and arbitrary discharge of sewage and animal waste, agricultural non-point pollution has become increasingly severe in China in recent years. The Chinese government and public have been paying more attention and devote more resources to agro-environment protection, especially agricultural non-point pollution. It has necessitated the establishment of a performance evaluation index system to manage and monitor the environmental invest. In this paper, using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, combining agriculture policies with expertise opinions to form performance evaluation index system of agricultural non-point pollution which included four hierarchies as government management, farmers’ execution, environmental level and sustainability. Xueyan Township in the city of Changzhou was the empirical investigation region, and 6 administrative villages were selected as study subjects. The empirical research tested the application of the index system. It can assess the environmental status and find problems in agro-environmental protection. The results of assessment corresponded with government’s official and strict evaluation.
Sociological Analysis of Environmental Awareness and Environmental Action Disjointed - The Plight and Transcendence of China's Environmental Civil Society
Authors: Zhang Hu Biao , Zhang Yu Rong
Published: August 2014

During the transition period China, the relationship between the environment and the public are adjusting. In this paper, based on the study of the environmental protection of the people's livelihood index from 2005 to 2008 found that the disconnection between the general public's environmental consciousness and environmental action is very serious. And we analyze the reason of this disconnection from the perspective of stage of economic development, the channel of interest expression and values and social structure. The transformation of environmental awareness will be a long process constantly with the development of Chinese modernization.
Potential for Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Using Volcanic Rock as Adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhong Zhong , Feng Yi Jian , Sun Lu , Qi Lu
Published: August 2014

Phosphorus contamination in aquatic system was a widespread problem in Zhejiang province due to the excess use of detergent, agrochemicals and other organic phosphorus chemicals. Volcanic rock, an adsorbent with porous structure and large surface area, was applied for phosphorus removal in wastewater. The results showed that the phosphorus removal rate and equilibrium time had positive correlation with the initial phosphorus concentration, while the volcanic rock particle size could also affect the adsorption performance as volcanic rock with smaller particle size used to have a larger cation exchange capacity and higher surface area. Both Langmuir adsorption and the Freundlich adsorption happened throughout phosphorus removal process, showing the strong capacity and capability of volcanic rock as absorbent for phosphorus wastewater. It is promising to use volcanic rock in phosphorus water/wastewater purification systems due its large quantities and accessibility in nature.
Study of Relationship between Renewable Energy ElectricPower and Economic Development in China Based on the Principle of Asymmetric Equilibrium
Authors: Liu Jun , Wu Rui , Liu Ya Ping , Liu Wen Ya , Xu Yang
Published: August 2014

In this article, Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction model, granger causality test, impulse response and variance decomposition econometric methods were be used to study the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in China. In addition, the function of renewable electricity to development economic growth has been researched. The results showed that there is long-term equilibrium relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in China, and renewable electricity’s contribution rate for economic growth is 12% currently, which expects to reach 20% in 2015.
The Government Intervention in the Development of New Energy Industry: The Boundary of Responsibility and Policy Tools
Authors: Duan Ding Qiang , Zhang Wei , Hu Yun Xiao
Published: August 2014

Market allocation mechanism plays a key role in the development of new energy industry .but also cannot do without the support of the government, this paper emphasizes that the government should pay attention to the fundamental role of the market when deciding its own responsibilities. Guiding the industrial layout and coordinate between government investment and private investment is the main responsibilities of government in the development of new energy industry. The paper points out that increasing financial subsidy, encouraging the government procurement and improving tax expenditures are important policy tools to realize government intervention targets.
Preparation and Application of Morph Genetic Materials in the Field of Environment
Authors: Liang Sen , Li Yan Hong , Zhang Chao
Published: August 2014

Morph genetic material is a kind of new material which can not only keep natural biological fine morphology and structure but also is given new characteristics and functions. At present, the main preparation methods for biomorphic materials are chemical solution impregnation method, sound chemical processing method, and nanocomposite solvent heating method, etc. Domestic and foreign researchers have been trying to use different templates to prepare for functional materials which have different tendencies. Compared with the conventional artificial materials, these materials show obvious superiority. Morph genetic material is a new type of functional materials, mainly used as catalyst and adsorbent, playing an important role in environmental protection.
Research on Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Agricultural Carbon Emissions in Guangdong Province and the Relationship with Economic Growth
Authors: Liu Li Hui , Xin Huan Ping
Published: August 2014

Guangdong province, as a large energy consumption province as well as a large economic province in China, is facing more and more severe pressure from reducing carbon emission. Reducing agricultural carbon emissions and developing agricultural carbon storage and carbon sequestration, will result in a brilliant future for Guangdong agriculture. In this paper, agricultural carbon emissions of Guangdong during 1991-2012 are quantitatively analyzed to discover its variation characteristics. An evident evolution law between Guangdong economic growth and agricultural carbon emissions is revealed. The evolution law showed "N" shaped curve rather than the typical inverted "U" shaped curve of EKC, and there is no indication when the inflection point will appear, which indicates that agricultural carbon pollution will be more serious with economic growth in Guangdong. Finally, some corresponding suggestions on the policy are put forward to reduce carbon emissions.
An Overview of Drinking Water Treatment
Authors: Zhao Xing Hui , Wang He Li , Li Hao Ming
Published: August 2014

This paper puts forward the problems existing in the conventional drinking water treatment and expounds the necessary of improving drinking water treatment based on the present water pollution situation and the more stringent water quality standard. According to the existing economic and technical condition in our country, strengthen the conventional drinking water treatment should be done in advance. Besides, adding the pretreatment and depth treatment into the water treatment process is also necessary in the future. For the technology of pretreatment, biological pretreatment technology is the worthiest to study. For improving the conventional drinking water treatments, study the morphology and kinetics mechanism of coagulation is very necessary. For the technology of depth treatment, the activated carbon and biological activated carbon technology will be the main development trend.
Effect of Room Air Disinfection about Disinfectant Maken from Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Wang Xiao Yuan , Liu Zhi Chun , Ma Lian Lan , Liao Nan Ni
Published: August 2014

To investigate the case about room air pollution by microorganism from some region of Gannan Medical University and the effect of disinfectant made from traditional chinese medicine on room air. By flat natural precipitation method, the six sampling zones which were classroom, microorganism teaching laboratory, teacher’s office, the corridor of out-patient department, in-patient department hall and department of dermatology were selected to observe the case about room air pollution before disinfectant and the disinfection effect after disinfected with disinfection maken from traditional chinese medicine which named KZY-2 composed by Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Rhizoma coptidis, effect of disinfectant of KZY-2 on teaching laboratory was compared with ultraviolet ray by counting colonies of bacteria and fungi respectively. Total number of colony of the sampling zones from most to least was the corridor of out-patient department, department of dermatology, in-patient department hall, classroom, teaching laboratory, teacher’s office, number of fungal colony was department of dermatology, the corridor of out-patient department, in-patient department hall, teaching laboratory, classroom, teacher’s office, the average number of colony from the sampling sites of hospital (6764.3 cfu/m3) was significantly higher than campus (2190.7 cfu/m3),P<0.01. Total number of colony of the sampling sites was significantly decreased after disinfected with KZY-2 and ultraviolet ray. The sterilizing rate of KZY-2 was average 82.9% and up to 90.1%, the sterilizing rate of ultraviolet ray was average 63.5%,the disinfection effect between KZY-2 and ultraviolet ray was differential （P<0.05）. These results indicate that KZY-2 and ultraviolet ray all have degermation on air and the disinfection effect of KZY-2 is superior to ultraviolet ray.
Study on Control Technology of Industrial Sticky Dust
Authors: Jiang Bo Feng , Liu Qiu Xin
Published: August 2014

Based on the physical property analysis of sticky dust, the paper explained the effect of temperature, relative humidity, pressure, etc. on adhesion of dust. And focusing on these factors, take the silicon steel sticky dust for example, proposed two kinds of dust control technology: pipeline heat tracing technology and gas conditioning of SO3, both help improve system efficiency by selecting the appropriate dust collector.
Screening Method of Priority Pollutants in Surface Water Source Emergencies
Authors: Meng Xian Lin , Zhu Hong , Yu Liang Hua
Published: August 2014

To screen out and control pollutants which threat water source from a wide variety of pollutants, comprehensive scoring method was used to rank 36 pollutants.The list of priority pollutants in water source emergencies was generated. Compared with the “Chinese priority water pollutants blacklist”,results showed that 13 of the top 18 pollutants were in the blacklist and the number of pollutants which had caused water pollution incidents and serious pollution events were 15 and 13,respectively.Therefore, the ranking results,which accord with the actual situation could provide scientific basis for surface water source emergency response.