bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of macular vessel density and ganglion cell complex thickness with central visual field progression in glaucoma
Authors: Wu Jo-Hsuan , Moghimi Sasan , Nishida Takashi , Mahmoudinezhad Golnoush , M Zangwill Linda , Weinreb Robert N
Published: September 2022

Background/aims

To evaluate the association of macular vessel density (VD) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness with 10–2 central visual field (CVF) progression in glaucoma.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, patients with glaucoma from Diagnostic Innovation in Glaucoma Study with≥five 10–2 visual field (VF) tests and 3-year follow-up before optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging were included. Whole-image GCC thickness (wiGCC) and superficial VD (wiVD) were obtained from 6*6 macula scans. The association of wiVD and wiGCC with past rate of 10–2 VF mean deviation worsening, and with past CVF progression (defined using clustered linear regression criteria) was evaluated using linear mixed models after adjusting for confounders.

Results

From 238 eyes (141 patients), 25 eyes (11%) of 16 patients were CVF progressors. In the multivariable analysis of the association between OCT/OCTA parameters and past rate of 10–2 CVF worsening, lower wiVD (β=−0.04 (–0.05, –0.02); p<0.001; R
2
=0.32) and wiGCC (β=−0.01 (–0.01, 0.00); p=0.004; R
2
=0.21) were significantly associated with faster CVF worsening. For the association between OCT/OCTA parameters and past CVF progression, the multivariable analysis showed that a lower wiVD was significantly associated with increased odds of past CVF progression (OR=1.23 (1.06, 1.44) per 1% lower; p=0.008), while wiGCC did not show correlation.

Conclusions

Lower macular VD and GCC were associated with faster worsening of CVF, and lower macular VD was associated with increased odds of CVF progression. Assessment of macular OCT and OCTA may help detect glaucoma eyes with CVF progression.
Measurements of the degree of development of rigor mortis as an indicator of stress in slaughtered pigs
Authors: Warriss P. D. , Brown S. N. , Knowles T. G.
Published: September 2022

The degree of development of rigor mortis in the carcases of slaughter pigs was assessed subjectively on a three‐point scale 35 minutes after they were exsanguinated, and related to the levels of cortisol, lactate and creatine kinase in blood collected at exsanguination. Earlier rigor development was associated with higher concentrations of these stress indicators in the blood. This relationship suggests that the mean rigor score, and the frequency distribution of carcases that had or had not entered rigor, could be used as an index of the degree of stress to which the pigs had been subjected.
Pulsed‐wave Doppler echocardiography in birds of prey
Authors: Straub J. , Forbes N. A. , Thielebein J. , Krautwald‐ Junghanns M.‐E.
Published: September 2022

Pulsed‐wave spectral Doppler echocardiography was applied to 111 diurnal and nocturnal raptors of both sexes weighing between 190 and 4200 g. In the first stage, 40 birds were examined without special preparation; in the second stage, 15 birds were examined first when they were not anaesthetised and then when they were anaesthetised; in the third stage, 41 birds were examined after they had been fasted for different periods of time; and finally 15 birds, in which echocardiography had not been possible by using standard (dorsal) restraint and positioning, were examined after being placed in lateral and ventral recumbency. Doppler‐derived diastolic inflow into the ventricles was detectable in approximately 80 per cent of the birds weighing between 190 and 2300 g independently of their weight, heart rate and whether they had been anaesthetised or fasted, and aortic blood flow was detected in about 50 per cent of them. It was possible to apply the technique under standard conditions of dorsal recumbency to only one of the birds weighing more than 3000 g and to about 80 per cent of those weighing between 190 and 2300 g. In 11 of 15 birds in which the technique could not be applied under standard conditions, blood flow could be detected in the ventricles and/or the aorta after the birds had been repositioned. No systolic blood flow through the pulmonary artery was detectable in any of the birds.
Ten‐minute chat
Authors: Biggs Andy
Published: September 2022

Andy Biggs is a cattle practitioner at Vale Veterinary Centre in Devon. He is an international mastitis consultant and has been president of the Western Counties Veterinary Association and the British Cattle Veterinary Association.
Inverse double Roman domination in graphs
Authors: D’ Souza Wilma Laveena , Chaitra V. , Kumara M.
Published: September 2022

For a graph [Formula: see text], a double Roman dominating function (DRDF) is a function [Formula: see text] such that each vertex [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] is adjacent to at least two vertices labeled [Formula: see text] or one vertex labeled [Formula: see text] and each vertex [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] is adjacent to at least one vertex [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. The weight of [Formula: see text] is the sum of all labelings [Formula: see text] and is denoted by [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text] is a DRDF on [Formula: see text] with minimum weight [Formula: see text], then its inverse double Roman dominating function (IDRDF) [Formula: see text] is a DRDF on [Formula: see text], such that [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. The inverse double Roman domination number (IDRDN) of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text] is the minimum weight of such a function. We introduce this new type of inverse dominating function, obtain some bounds for the IDRDN of [Formula: see text]. We characterize the graphs having [Formula: see text] and the highest. We also present an approach for constructing graphs with the desired IDRDN.
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Supported α-Co(OH)2 for Sensitive Determination of Adrenaline
Authors: Mohiuddin Abdul Kader , Jeon Seungwon
Published: September 2022

For a happy and healthy life, there should have a balance of flight-to-flight hormones, i.e., adrenaline (AD). The necessity of determination of AD is inevitable for the diagnosis of associated diseases with it. For this purpose, N-doped graphene supported α-Co(OH)2 (denoted as NrGO/α-Co(OH)2) was synthesized via a hydrothermal process, where α-Co(OH)2 acted as an active site and NrGO provided a better defective surface for immobilized α-Co(OH)2 nanoparticles. The as-prepared nanocomposite altered the electronic configuration due to its defective nature, which played an important role to increase the stability, surface area and electron transfer capability. As a result, NrGO/α-Co(OH)2 demonstrated remarkable analytical performances toward AD with a lower limit of detection (14.7 nM), wide linear range (0.5–800 μM), and good sensitivity (115.983 μA mM−1 cm−2). The CA response time was obtained as 2.2 s. The proposed sensor showed precious selectivity during AD detection in presence of coexisting biomolecules such as DA, AA, UA, TY, 5-HT, and NE, and 50-fold excess of common ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, CO3
2−, and SO4
2−. Furthermore, it also provided long-term stability, good reproducibility and repeatability with practical feasibility in the urine sample. Importantly, the effect of pH was studied in detail on AD oxidation.
The Clinical Features and Treatment Strategy of Parathyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Wang Chen , Wen Kaixue , Dai Li , Wen Shuxin , Zhang Yuhao
Published: September 2022

Objective. To review the features and treatment of parathyroid cancer in our series. Explore the suitable extent of initial surgery and the effect of adjuvant radiotherapy in local recurrence. Methods. Seven cases of parathyroid cancer presented from 2014 to 2021. The presenting features, diagnosis, and treatment are presented. Results. Only two patients had multiple manifestations of hypercalcemia. Marked hypercalcemia, which was revealed to be an average of 13.9 mg/dl (range from 11.8 mg/dl to 15.8 mg/dl), was observed in four patients (57%). The others’ serum calcium levels were in the normal range with an average of 9.9 mg/dl (range from 8.6 mg/dl to 10.8 mg/dl). All seven patients had hyperparathyroidism with an average of 733 pg/ml (range from 113 pg/ml to 3193 pg/ml). En bloc resection was performed in two patients with neighboring structure invasion, and four patients with complete tumor capsules underwent tumor resection with limited resection of the thyroid gland. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy appeared unsuccessful for local recurrence. Conclusion. High calcium, high PTH, parathyroid occupation by ultrasound, and intraoperative invasion should be considered to have the possibility of parathyroid cancer. Open surgery is recommended and protecting tumor integration is the elementary surgery principle. The initial surgical extent should be decided by the invasion of the tumor. When PC has a local recurrence, the debulking surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy are always fake.
Kangaroo Care for Relieving Neonatal Pain Caused by Invasive Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yunan , Dong Yanjun , Cao Jie
Published: September 2022

Objective. Neonates develop significant pain responses during invasive procedures, and nonpharmacological interventions are better means of pain relief. An increasing number of studies have confirmed the effectiveness of kangaroo care (KC) in relieving neonatal pain caused by invasive procedures, but conclusions are inconsistent. In this study, a literature search and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of kangaroo care on relieving neonatal pain. Methods. The works of literature related to the application of KC in neonatal invasive procedures in the databases of Pubmed, Embase, Springer Link, Ovid, CNKI, and CBM were searched, and the RCT literature from database establishment to July 2022, was selected to evaluate the risk of bias, combined with statistical pain relief outcome indicators. Results. 12 pieces of literature were finally included in this study, with a total of 1172 newborns, including 585 newborns (49.9%) using KC and 587 newborns (50.1%) using the control group method. Meta-analysis showed that an infant’s heart rate during invasive procedures under KC intervention was significantly lower than that of other interventions (MD = −6.77, 95% CI (−13.03, −0.50), Z = −2.12,

P
=
0.03

), but compared to other nonpharmacological interventions, there was no clear advantage in the overall evaluation of pain reduction in infants (MD = −0.36, 95% CI (−0.80, 0.08), Z = −1.60,

P
=
0.11

). Conclusion. The heart rate of KC intervention during invasive procedures in infants is significantly lower than that of other interventions, and it can significantly relieve pain in infants, but the effect is not more than that of oral sucrose (or glucose) or standard care. KC combined with oral sucrose may achieve a better pain relief effect in infants, but more studies are still needed to verify it.
Cloud Computing Based on Big Data-Driven Robot Walking Route and Real-Time Positioning Intelligent Determination
Authors: Yi Yunlong , Guan Ying , Meng Xiangbin
Published: September 2022

With the continuous development of technologies such as sensors, computers, and artificial intelligence, intelligent mobile robots with thinking, perception, and dynamics functions are widely used in military, political, and scientific research. Its development has had a significant impact on national defense, society, economy, science, and technology and has become a strategic research goal in the high-tech field of various countries. Robot positioning technology is one of the key research technologies for portable robots, and reliable posture is the key prerequisite for completing various tasks. This article aims to study the robot walking route driven by big data and the intelligent determination of real-time positioning based on cloud computing. This paper proposes an active general positioning algorithm based on real-time positioning function, which can improve the convergence speed and robustness of general positioning when different map scenes do not have clear geometric features and contain map noise. The most basic requirement for robots to perform autonomous operations is to have reliable positioning performance. The experimental results in this paper show that dynamic global positioning and adaptive behavior tracking are effective. Compared with the traditional algorithm, the improved algorithm increases the convergence speed of the global layout by 41.59%.
[Retracted] An Empirical Study on the Relationship among Mental Health, Learning Engagement, and Academic Self‐Efficacy of Senior High School Students
Authors: Wu Li , Ma Changsong
Published: September 2022

This study examines the mediating role of the academic self‐efficacy of high school students in Tibetan and Qiang areas of China on the relationship between their mental health and learning engagement, as well as their gender and grade‐specific differences in mental health, learning engagement, and academic self‐efficacy. The authors drew 600 valid samples in Tibetan and Qiang areas of China, built a measurement model and a structure model, established a structural equation model comprising the mental health scale, the learning engagement scale, and the academic self‐efficacy scale, and conducted an independent sample t‐tests and a one‐way analysis of variance. The questionnaires took the form of the 5‐point Likert scale. This research shows that the mental health of high school students in Tibetan and Qiang areas of China has a significant positive impact on their learning engagement and academic self‐efficacy and that their academic self‐efficacy has a significant positive impact on their learning engagement. Academic self‐efficacy produces an overwhelming mediating effect on the ways mental health influences learning engagement. High school students, male and female, in Tibetan and Qiang areas of China show no marked gender‐specific differences in mental health, learning engagement, and academic self‐efficacy, while junior high school students show marked grade‐specific differences in mental health, and senior high school students show marked grade‐specific differences in learning engagement and academic self‐efficacy. This article concludes that improving the academic self‐efficacy of high school students in Tibetan and Qiang areas of China can boost their learning engagement.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach to Reveal the Immunotherapeutic Mechanism of Cuscutae Semen in Treating Thin Endometrium
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Yuan Yuan , Huang Guangrong
Published: September 2022

Objective. Thin endometrium is considered as a leading cause of infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and repeated implantation failure. The seed of Cuscutae Semen (CS) has been used to prevent aging and improve sexual function in Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, the pharmacological mechanism of CS in preventing and treating thin endometrium remains to be elucidated. Methods. Three public databases, TCMSP, GeneCards, and OMIM, were searched to collect the main active compounds and putative molecules of CS, as well as the targets of thin endometrium, respectively. The CS and thin endometrium common targets were subject to protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis followed by functional enrichment analysis. The best binding mode of CS compounds and common target proteins was evaluated by molecular docking and analysis in the AutoDockTools. Results. In total, 11 main active compounds, 102 drug target proteins, and 70 CS and thin endometrium common targets were identified. There were 68 nodes with 722 edges in the PPI network; HIF1A, MYC, ESR1, and EGFR were the top 4 targets. After functional enrichment analysis, it was revealed that the therapeutic effects of active compounds of CS on thin endometrium were achieved through cellular response to chemical stress, transcription regulator, DNA-binding transcription factor binding, chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation, lipid, and atherosclerosis. The molecular docking analysis revealed that the 3 active compounds of CS, quercetin, matrine, and isorhamnetin, have good binding ability with their targets, HIF1A, MYC, ESR1, and EGFR. Conclusion. Our study uncovers the main active compounds in CS and their corresponding targets related to thin endometrium which explains the pharmacological mechanism underlying therapeutic effects of CS on thin endometrium.
Identification of Inflammation‐Related Genes and Exploration of Regulatory Mechanisms in Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Li Tong , Huang Cheng , Ma Jinhui , Ding Ran , Zhang Qidong , Wang Weiguo
Published: September 2022

Background. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disabling orthopedic disease, which is impacted by infiltration of immune cells. Thus, the aim of the current research was to determine the inflammation‐related biomarkers in ONFH. Methods. GSE123568 dataset with control and steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) samples were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by limma R package and weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the co‐expression genes and modules. We obtained inflammation‐related genes (IRGs) from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Then, the IRGs associated with SONFH (IRGs‐SONFH) were screened out and analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. A protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, and hub genes were identified by the MCODE algorithm. Based on the hub genes, we constructed a lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA network. Results. We identified 535 DEGs between control and SONFH samples. The WGCNA clearly indicated that the brown module was most significantly associated with SONFH. We identified 25 IRGs‐SONFH through WGCNA module genes, DEGs and IRGs. A total of 4 hub genes (CD14, CYBB, NOD2, and TLR1) were identified by Cytoscape. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined that the expressions of the four genes could distinguish SONFH from controls as evidenced by the area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.7. Finally, we constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network which included 67 lncRNAs, 1 miRNA (hsa‐miR‐320a), and 1 mRNA (NOD2). Conclusions. Our study identified 4 hub genes as potential inflammation‐related biomarkers of SONFH. Moreover, we proposed a ceRNA network of lncRNAs targeting hsa‐miR‐320a, hsa‐miR‐320a, and NOD2 as a potential RNA regulatory pathway that controls disease progression in ONFH.
t-Intuitionistic Fuzzy Structures on PMS-Ideals of a PMS-Algebra
Authors: Derseh Beza Lamesgin , Alaba Berhanu Assaye , Wondifraw Yohannes Gedamu
Published: September 2022

In this article, we apply the concept of a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy set to PMS-ideals in PMS-algebras. The notion of the

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal of PMS-algebra is introduced, and several related properties are studied. The relationships between a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal and a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-subalgebra of a PMS-algebra, as well as the relationships between an intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal and a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal are discussed in detail. A condition for an intuitionistic fuzzy set to be a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal is provided. The

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideals of PMS-algebra are described using their

α
,
β

level cuts. The homomorphism of a

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal of a PMS-algebra is studied, and its homomorphic image and inverse image are explored. The Cartesian product of any two

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideals is discussed, and some related results are derived. The Cartesian product of the

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideals is also characterized using its

α
,
β

level cuts. The strongest

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-relation in a PMS-algebra is defined. Finally, the relationships between the strongest

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-relation and

t

-intuitionistic fuzzy PMS-ideal are studied.
Security Analysis of Social Network Topic Mining Using Big Data and Optimized Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Tang Kunzhi , Zeng Chengang , Fu Yuxi , Zhu Gang
Published: September 2022

This research aims to conduct topic mining and data analysis of social network security using social network big data. At present, the main problem is that users’ behavior on social networks may reveal their private data. The main contribution lies in the establishment of a network security topic detection model combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and social network big data technology. Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) is utilized to complete the analysis and search of social network security issues. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm is used for the extraction of Weibo topic information in the memory wisdom. Experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of the constructed model can reach 96.17% after 120 iterations, which is at least 5.4% higher than other models. Additionally, the accuracy, recall, and F1 value of the intrusion detection model are 88.57%, 75.22%, and 72.05%, respectively. Compared with other algorithms, the model’s accuracy, recall, and F1 value are at least 3.1% higher than other models. In addition, the training time and testing time of the improved DCNN network security detection model are stabilized at 65.86 s and 27.90 s, respectively. The prediction time of the improved DCNN network security detection model is significantly shortened compared with that of the models proposed by other scholars. The experimental conclusion is that the improved DCNN has the characteristics of lower delay under deep learning. The model shows good performance for network data security transmission.
How Urban Fringe Expansion Affects Green Habitat Diversity? Analysis from Urban and Local Scale in Hilly City
Authors: Yang Junyue , Xing Zhong , Cheng Canhui
Published: September 2022

Hilly cities in China have gone through an extensive expansion, and urban fringe morphology has experienced a massive change. As a result, green habitats have been occupied or disturbed, and such landscape changes can impact biodiversity. Understanding how urbanization impacts green habitats is essential for urban sustainable development. However, such understanding is lacking for hilly city. This study has two objectives: (1) to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of green habitats in hilly city fringe during 2000‐2020; (2) to identify the differentiated impacts of different hilly city expansion shapes on green habitat. By using landscape indexes to characterize green habitat patterns, the green habitats impact analysis was processed in two scales, at urban scale and local scale. Information Entropy Model and Classification and Green Habitat Quality Evaluation were used to reveal the relationships of urban expansion shapes and green habitat quality in mountainous city. The results showed that, at urban scale, (1) the more complex the city fringe morphology is, the more negative impacts there are on green habitats, (2) and when Guiyang urban fringe green space declined, the green habitats type pattern was refactored. At the local scale, we classified urban fringe expansion into four shape styles; we then discussed the changes of green habitats from the perspective of shape style and stage of urbanization. The results showed that, (1) dispersed type and strip type of urban fringe expansion led to the largest green habitat lost, besides, spreading type and strip type resulted in the largest loss of green habitats core areas. (2) Moreover, at a different stage of urban fringe expansion, the challenge of green habitats persistence was varied, the legacy type has been eager for special species habitats. However, the new type has been facing the risks of guaranteeing habitats stock and quality.
[Retracted] SPOCK2 Promotes the Malignant Behavior of Ovarian Cancer via Regulation of the Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Shanshan , Liu Haiyan , Fan Mingying
Published: September 2022

Background. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common clinical gynecological disease, which seriously threatens women’s health and life. We investigated the roles of SPOCK2 in OC and its associated molecular mechanism in the current study. Methods. The expressions and prognostic value of SPOCK2 in OC were identified using the clinical data and data from the GEPIA database. Then, SPOCK2 silence was implemented to search functions of SPOCK2 in OC cells. CCK‐8 was used to examine cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The OC cell invasion and migration were evaluated by transwell assays. Results. Overexpressed SPOCK2 was identified in OC, which was correlated with poor prognosis and a shorter survival rate. SPOCK2 downregulation significantly suppressed OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and cell apoptosis was markedly promoted by SPOCK2 silence. Meanwhile, SPOCK2 knockdown could effectively suppress Wnt/β‐catenin. Conclusion. SPOCK2 exerted crucial functions in OC progression and could serve as a promising candidate for OC targeted therapy.
Herbal Medicine Hewei Jiangni Decoction Is Noninferior to Oral Omeprazole for the Treatment of Nonerosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Double-Dummy Controlled Trail
Authors: Li Feng , Yuan Yali , Wu Di , Li Junxiang , Han Haixiao , Li Xiaohong , Hu Liming , Chen Runhua , Yao Yupu , Jiao Yao , Chen Huihui , Mao Tangyou , Xie Chune
Published: September 2022

Objectives. Conventional approaches for patients with nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD) were not satisfactory. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine Hewei Jiangni Decoction (HWJND) as a novel and promising regimen for NERD. Methods. A total of 128 patients with NERD were randomly assigned to the Treatment group and Control group. The patients from the Treatment group were administered HWJND (81 g) plus dummy omeprazole (20 mg) daily for 8 weeks, and the others were given dummy HWJND granules (81 g) plus omeprazole (20 mg). The clinical efficacy was assessed using the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERD-Q) scale, patient reported outcomes (PRO) scale, and short form health survey 36 (SF-36) scale at week 4. Moreover, its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms were elucidated based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Results. Due to case shedding and other reasons, 109 patients, including 56 in the Treatment group and 53 in the Control group completed this study. Our results showed that HWJND significantly improved heartburn, regurgitation, epigastric pain, nausea, and sleep disturbance, which led to a significant reduction of GERD-Q scores in NERD patients. In addition, PRO scores of NERD patients with HWJND administration were improved, and sufficient relief of physical role, body pain, general health, social function, and mental health on the SF-36 scale was also observed in patients after HWJND treatment. We further showed that the curative effect of HWJND was close to that of omeprazole, except for the better improvement of general health and social function. What’s more, the main active ingredients of HWJND included quercetin, beta-sitosterol, naringenin, baicalein, and kaempferol were retrieved, and the protective effects of HWJND against NERD may be closely related to targets such as TNF, IL6, IL1B, MMP9, CXCL8, and EGFR, which were mainly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate that HWJND is noninferior to oral omeprazole for the treatment of patients with NERD, plays a therapeutic role through multiple targets and diverse pathways, and holds promise for complementary and alternative therapy for the treatment of NERD. This trial is registered with http://www.chictr.org.cn, Chinese Clinical Trials Registry [ChiCTR2200055960].
Targeting OCT2 with Duloxetine to Prevent Oxaliplatin-induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity
Authors: Nepal Mahesh R. , Taheri Hanieh , Li Yang , Talebi Zahra , Uddin Muhammad Erfan , Jin Yan , DiGiacomo Duncan F. , Gibson Alice A. , Lustberg Maryam B. , Hu Shuiying , Sparreboom Alex
Published: September 2022

Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) is a debilitating side effect that afflicts approximately 90% of patients that is initiated by OCT2-dependent uptake of oxaliplatin in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The antidepressant drug duloxetine has been used to treat OIPN, although its usefulness in preventing this side effect remains unclear. We hypothesized that duloxetine has OCT2-inhibitory properties and can be used as an adjunct to oxaliplatin-based regimens to prevent OIPN. Transport studies were performed in cells stably transfected with mouse or human OCT2 and in isolated mouse DRG neurons ex vivo. Wild-type and OCT2-deficient mice were used to assess effects of duloxetine on hallmarks of OIPN, endogenous OCT2 biomarkers, and the pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin, and the translational feasibility of a duloxetine-oxaliplatin combination was evaluated in various models of colorectal cancer. We found that duloxetine potently inhibited the OCT2-mediated transport of several xenobiotic substrates, including oxaliplatin, in a reversible, concentration-dependent manner, and independent of species and cell context. Furthermore, duloxetine restricted access of these substrates to DRG neurons ex vivo and prevented OIPN in wild-type mice to a degree similar to the complete protection observed in OCT2-deficient mice, without affecting the plasma levels of oxaliplatin. Importantly, the uptake and cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo were not negatively influenced by duloxetine. The observed OCT2-targeting properties of duloxetine, combined with the potential for clinical translation, provide support for its further exploration as a therapeutic candidate for studies aimed at preventing OIPN in patients with cancer requiring treatment with oxaliplatin.

Significance:

We found that duloxetine has potent OCT2-inhibitory properties and can diminish excessive accumulation of oxaliplatin into DRG neurons. In addition, pretreatment of mice with duloxetine prevented OIPN without significantly altering the plasma pharmacokinetics and antitumor properties of oxaliplatin. These results suggest that intentional inhibition of OCT2-mediated transport by duloxetine can be employed as a prevention strategy to ameliorate OIPN without compromising the effectiveness of oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Circulating Tumor DNA Monitoring Reveals Molecular Progression before Radiologic Progression in a Real-life Cohort of Patients with Advanced Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Frank Malene S. , Andersen Christina S.A. , Ahlborn Lise B. , Pallisgaard Niels , Bodtger Uffe , Gehl Julie
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

The clinical potential of liquid biopsy in patients with advanced cancer is real-time monitoring for early detection of treatment failure. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical validity of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) treatment monitoring in a real-life cohort of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Experimental Design:

Patients with advanced or noncurative locally advanced NSCLC were prospectively included in an exploratory study (NCT03512847). Selected cancer-specific mutations were measured in plasma by standard or uniquely designed droplet digital PCR assays before every treatment cycle during first-line treatment until progressive disease (PD). Correlation between an increase in ctDNA (= molecular progression) and radiologic PD was investigated, defined as lead time, and the corresponding numbers of likely futile treatment cycles were determined. Utility of ctDNA measurements in clarifying the results of nonconclusive radiologic evaluation scans was evaluated.

Results:

Cancer-specific mutations and longitudinal plasma sampling were present in 132 of 150 patients. ctDNA was detectable in 88 (67%) of 132 patients treated by respectively chemotherapy (n = 41), immunotherapy (n = 43), or combination treatment (n = 4). In 66 (90%) of 73 patients experiencing PD, a ctDNA increase was observed with a median lead time of 1.5 months before radiologic PD. Overall, 119 (33%) of 365 treatment cycles were administered after molecular progression. In addition, ctDNA measurements could clarify the results in 38 (79%) of 48 nonconclusive radiologic evaluations.

Conclusions:

ctDNA monitoring leads to earlier detection of treatment failure, and clarifies the majority of nonconclusive radiologic evaluations, giving the potential of sparing patients from likely futile treatments and needless adverse events.

Significance:

Treatment monitoring by ctDNA has the clinical potential to reveal PD before radiologic evaluation and consequently spare patients with advanced cancer from likely ineffective, costly cancer treatments and adverse events.
Prospective Observational Cohort Study of Tenecteplase Versus Alteplase in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Warach Steven J. , Dula Adrienne N. , Milling Truman J. , Miller Samantha , Allen Leigh , Zuck Nathan D. , Miller Collin , Jesser Christine A. , Misra Lotika R. , Miley Jefferson T. , Mawla Manzure , Ding Ming-Chieh , Bertelson John A. , Tsui Annie Y. , Jefferson John R. , Davison Holly M. , Shah Darshan N. , Ellington Kent T. , Padrick Matthew M. , Nova Alan S. , Krishna Vivek R. , Davis Lisa A. , Paydarfar David
Published: September 2022

Background:

A 10-hospital regional network transitioned to tenecteplase as the standard of care stroke thrombolytic in September 2019 because of potential workflow advantages and reported noninferior clinical outcomes relative to alteplase in meta-analyses of randomized trials. We assessed whether tenecteplase use in routine clinical practice reduced thrombolytic workflow times with noninferior clinical outcomes.

Methods:

We designed a prospective registry-based observational, sequential cohort comparison of tenecteplase- (n=234) to alteplase-treated (n=354) stroke patients. We hypothesized: (1) an increase in the proportion of patients meeting target times for target door-to-needle time and transfer door-in-door-out time, and (2) noninferior favorable (discharge to home with independent ambulation) and unfavorable (symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, in-hospital mortality or discharge to hospice) in the tenecteplase group. Total hospital cost associated with each treatment was also compared.

Results:

Target door-to-needle time within 45 minutes for all patients was superior for tenecteplase, 41% versus 29%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.85 (95% CI, 1.27–2.71);
P
=0.001; 58% versus 41% by Get With The Guidelines criteria. Target door-in-door-out time within 90 minutes was superior for tenecteplase 37% (15/43) versus 14% (9/65); adjusted odds ratio, 3.62 (95% CI, 1.30–10.74);
P
=0.02. Favorable outcome for tenecteplase fell within the 6.5% noninferiority margin; adjusted odds ratio, 1.26 (95% CI, 0.89–1.80). Unfavorable outcome was less for tenecteplase, 7.3% versus 11.9%, adjusted odds ratio, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.42–1.37) but did not fall within the prespecified 1% noninferior boundary. Net benefit (%favorable–%unfavorable) was greater for the tenecteplase sample: 37% versus 27%.
P
=0.02. Median cost per hospital encounter was less for tenecteplase cases ($13 382 versus $15 841;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

Switching to tenecteplase in routine clinical practice in a 10-hospital network was associated with shorter door-to-needle time and door-in-door-out times, noninferior favorable clinical outcomes at discharge, and reduced hospital costs. Evaluation in larger, multicenter cohorts is recommended to determine if these observations generalize.
Monitoring changes in accumulation of heavy metals in the Egyptian Delta region in 2010 and 2021, using the crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda, Astacidea) as a bio-indicator
Authors: Younis Mai L. , Mona Mahy M. , Rizk El-Sayed T. , Atlam Aalaa I.
Published: September 2022

Accumulation of heavy metals in tissues of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii and in water were evaluated in areas located in the Egyptian Delta (Gharbiya, Kafr El-Shaikh, and Menofiya) in 2010 and 2021. Statistics showed that in 2010 the highest concentration of heavy metals in the digestive gland and in muscles was Zn, both in Gharbiya and Menofiya, while Fe was the highest accumulated in the digestive gland, and Pb was the highest in muscles of samples from Kafr El-Shaikh. The results showed that heavy metal loads decreased in Kafr El-Shaikh in 2021, whereas Fe increased significantly () in Gharbiya and Menofiya (41.44 ± 2.32, 47.25 ± 2.64 μg/g). Accumulation of Cd and Zn in gills and muscles decreased in all areas from 2010 to 2021, while a significant increase () was shown in Fe and Cu in 2021. All heavy metals significantly decreased () in waters of the studied areas from 2010 to 2021.
“She Has Not Been Seen or Heard of Since”
Authors: Ulentin Anne
Published: September 2022

As colonial racialized subjects, Afro-Bahamian men and women were different from British subjects, and thus required a different treatment before the law. Punishment was racialized and gendered, and the discourses and resulting practices of punishment criminalized men’s and women’s bodies in distinctive ways. Evidence shows that women were as likely as men to find themselves involved with the law, and high numbers of women were arraigned by the courts and convicted of various crimes. Colonial records provide rare information about their involvement with the law, the specific nature of their crimes, and their treatment in the judicial system. Afro-Bahamian women who did not conform to society’s elite moral code were considered a threat to colonial respectability and were often found to be more intractable than men, resulting in harsh, humiliating punishments. Above all, the records demonstrate that these women exercised some form of agency, transgressing the boundaries that kept them subordinate.
Princeton Seminary’s Premature Obituary
Authors: Stewart Kenneth J.
Published: September 2022

It is widely granted that in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Princeton Theological Seminary had come to be recognized as an international bastion of evangelical and Reformed orthodoxy. Students, drawn to Princeton from across the USA and many points across the globe, returned home to teach and preach the Christian faith as Princeton had relayed it to them. Since the denominationally-mandated reorganization of this seminary in 1929, conservative evangelicals have circulated a narrative describing the seminary as undergoing a ‘death’ in that year. This essay seeks to show both that the theological reorientation of this seminary was much more gradual than this now-customary narrative would allow, and that the graduates of this seminary from both before and after 1929 went on exercising a wide national and international evangelical leadership for decades beyond the reorganization.
Measurement of CO2 in Water from an Ultraviolet Oxidizer for a Space-Worthy Wastewater Recovery System Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Farquharson Stuart , Brouillette Carl , Shende Chetan , Farquharson Duncan , Morrison Chad
Published: September 2022

NASA has been developing and testing a water recovery system for over two decades to minimize the amount of water required for long duration human space missions. A key system component is the total organic carbon analyzer (TOCA) that determines if the recovered water is below the toxicology-defined health limit of 5 mg/L TOC and is safe to drink. The TOCA is composed of a liquid phase loop and a gas phase loop. The TOCA employs an oxidizer to convert the organics in the liquid phase to carbon dioxide (CO2) and a liquid–gas separator to isolate the CO2 for measurement in the gas phase by infrared spectroscopy. In an effort to reduce the consumables, mass, volume, and power of the system, we investigated the ability of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and Raman spectroscopy to measure 5 mg/L carbon in water. The SERS measurement employed silver colloids to increase sensitivity, while the Raman measurements used multiple mirrors to increase sensitivity. Here, we present SERS measurements of carbonate (CO3=) at 3 mg/L carbon and Raman measurements of CO2 at 9 mg/L carbon in the effluent water of a new oxidizer being developed for a future TOCA. Both SERS and Raman techniques can determine TOC in the liquid phase, eliminating the need for the gas phase loop and associated supplies and replacement components, which could effectively decrease the size and weight of the current TOCA by as much as 50%.
A hybrid CNN-BiLSTM approach for remaining useful life prediction of EVs lithium-Ion battery
Authors: Gao Dexin , Liu Xin , Zhu Zhenyu , Yang Qing
Published: September 2022

For accelerating the technology development and facilitating the reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries, accurate prediction for battery remaining useful life (RUL) are both critical. In this paper, a 1D CNN-BiLSTM method is proposed to extract the RUL prediction of lithium-ion battery of Electric Vehicles (EVs). By using one dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network simultaneously, selecting the ELU activation function to apply to the convolutional layer, a hybrid neural network is proposed to improve the accuracy and stability of lithium-ion battery RUL prediction. The 1D CNN is used to fully mine the deep features of lithium-ion SOH data, while the BiLSTM is adopted to study the deep features in two directions, and the RUL prediction of lithium-ion battery is output through dense layer. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the battery data of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are utilized to make some comparisons among the RNN model, LSTM model, BiLSTM model and hybrid neural network model. The results show that the hybrid one has higher generalization ability and prediction accuracy than the others.
One Voice Many Languages, Colonial Radio in India
Authors: Gupta Indira Baptista
Published: September 2022

Languages knit people together, but at All India Radio we witness the reverse trajectory. Radio's first 20 years, 1927–47, coinciding with the last 20 of British rule, saw the subcontinent's kaleidoscopic linguistic profile creating havoc. Three emotive stumbling blocks emerged, affecting radio: did a nation need a single language or was a multilingual state sustainable; could an alien language gain acceptance; and could there be consensus on a language imposed for institutional convenience. With heavy dependence on English, the dominant language of broadcast, station directors, had the authority to allocate rest of the time to prevailing languages, juggling diverse vernaculars. Complications surfaced at most stations, but most prominent at northern stations where language from being socio-cultural indicators became religious pointers, Hindi associated with Hindus and Urdu with Muslims. All India Radio adopted Hindustani, the confluence of both for practical reasons; instead of two languages, it was easier to cater in just one. This espousal led to heated disputes, with Hindi supporters alleging that radio's Hindustani leaned heavily towards Arabic, and the Urdu clique seeing a definite predisposition towards Sanskrit. The epicentre of controversy were the news programmes. The radio policy of British India was generally to be cautious and to avoid needless controversy.
The Effects of Content Ephemerality on Information Processing
Authors: Barnea Uri , Meyer Robert J. , Nave Gideon
Published: September 2022

Many marketing communications, from verbal conversations to messaging and content sharing via apps such as Snapchat, limit the number of times people can view content. How do such restrictions affect consumers’ information processing? Building on the proposition that people strategically allocate cognitive resources, the authors hypothesize that consumers of content that cannot be viewed repeatedly consider the risk of failing to process it sufficiently and, consequently, allocate more cognitive resources to its processing (e.g., by increasing viewing time). The authors test this hypothesis in ten preregistered online studies (total N = 17,620), an exploratory analysis of eye-tracking data, and a field study on Facebook's advertising platform. Across the studies, they find that making content ephemeral elevates consumers’ perceived risk of missing information; consequently, it increases attention allocation, prolongs voluntary viewing time, and magnifies focus on relevant information. These effects have important downstream consequences, including improved content comprehension and recall, enhanced positive attitudes, and increased efficiency of sponsored content placement on social media. Taken together, the findings indicate that marketers can communicate information more effectively by restricting consumers from viewing it again.
Thinking About the Future: Perceived Barriers and Supports Among Israeli Young Adults With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Michael Rinat , Ran Galia , Gali Cinamon Rachel
Published: September 2022

Young adults with disabilities tend to have lower rates of employment and career indicators as compared with youth without disabilities. Therefore, understanding the factors that may influence such outcomes is crucial. This study examined the future perceptions of 18 young adults with physical disabilities while focusing on the barriers and supports that may impact their transition into adult life. All participants were living in a rehabilitative student community in southern Israel. They participated in an in-depth semi-structured interview. Data analysis, which was conducted according to an adaptation of the Consensual Qualitative Research method, revealed four major domains: emotions, future life roles, barriers, and supports. Findings emphasized that the participants’ disability was extremely dominant in their future perceptions. In general, they expressed caution and concern about their future. They also tended not to express detailed long-term planning. Their perceptions focused on their future work, future intimate relationships, and the need to manage simultaneously different roles. When addressing their possible barriers and supports, they related both to environmental (e.g., social stigma and community support) and to personal (e.g., low self-esteem and high motivation) factors. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
The shape of Christian priesthood today
Authors: Platten Stephen
Published: September 2022

Periodically, the concept of an ordained ministry has been criticized and even dismissed. A generation ago this was addressed in the work of Alec Graham and Michael Ramsey, who argued for a clear model of the distinctiveness but integral nature of lay and ordained ministry. Similar questions have been raised recently. On both occasions a sacramental model has been proposed. This has been expounded from a number of different theological directions. Sacramentality lies at the heart of an intellectually and spiritually underpinned pattern both of the Church and of Christian ministry.