bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the effect of trisodium-citrate on blood coagulation by viscometric approach
Authors: Csurka Tamás , Pásztor-Huszár Klára , Tóth Adrienn , Pintér Richárd , Friedrich László Ferenc
Published: December 2020

Blood coagulation is a process, which is initiated by certain physico-chemical effects. This process results in a change in the blood from the sol state, that is well suited for further processing, to gel state. 13 blood clotting factors take part in the cascade system of blood coagulation. Trisodium-citrate affects factor IV, the calcium, and prevents the change in blood texture. The effect of different concentrations of trisodium-citrate (0, 0.48, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 14.4, 19.2, 24 w/w%) on the texture of blood is investigated. Porcine blood was collected in 20 cm3 test tubes in a slaughterhouse directly before trisodium-citrate addition and was stored for one day under refrigerated conditions. The samples without trisodium-citrate coagulated and the samples with high trisodium-citrate (4–5 g) became solid as well because of the protein salting-out. The viscosity of successfully treated samples and the shear stress were measured with a rotational viscometer (Physica MCR 51, Anton-Paar) with concentric cylinders and Couette type method. The flow behavior of all samples could be described by the Herschel-Bulkley model. The yield point, the consistency index and the power of law index, which are determined by the equation of the model, showed that the samples with lower trisodium-citrate content coagulated “better” and the sample with high trisodium-citrate were most similar to Newtonian fluid. The results are trend-likes, but significant differences may be expected in the case of higher sample amount. The yield point of the sample, which contained 14.4 w/w% trisodium-citrate, was by 37.3% less than the sample containing 0.48% trisodium-citrate, and the consistency index of the sample with 3 g trisodium-citrate was by 20.5% higher than that of the sample with 0.48% trisodium-citrate. Thanks to these results a cheaper concentration and drying of porcine blood and blood fractions are available because no surplus water is added to the blood.
Analysis of chitosan treatment on white and black sweet cherry
Authors: Zsivanovits Gabor , Iserliyska Dida , Momchilova Maria , Sabeva Petya , Rankova Zarya
Published: December 2020

Bicolor (Rosaline) and black (Regina) sweet cherry cultivars were treated with chitosan-Ca-lactate and chitosan-alginate solutions. The chitosan coating is biocompatible, nontoxic and possesses antimicrobial activity. The sample series (five replicates of thirty pieces from each variety and each treatment, and a control) were refrigerated at 4 °C for 21 and 28 d, to the end of shelf-life. Physical (visual sorting, weight loss and texture of intact fruit), physicochemical (TSS, antioxidant activity, and pH of the pulp), and microbiological properties (total number of microorganisms, Escherichia coli, fungi and yeasts) were investigated weekly. For the last week only the Regina cultivar had acceptable appearance, the other cultivar was discarded after 21 d. The chitosan-alginate treatment preserved the texture, showed smaller weight loss, higher antioxidant preservation and smaller microbial contamination than the samples with chitosan-Ca-lactate on both cultivars. Based on the results, the edible coating can help to preserve the nutritional value of fresh fruit and this technology can be useful in preparing the ready-to-eat fruit salads or in decoration of confectionery products.
Performance comparison of microwave cavities used for extraction operations
Authors: D’Amore Giacinto , D’Auria Giuseppe , Romano Aldo , Marra Francesco
Published: December 2020

In the agri-food industry world, billions of tons of waste are produced every year. This represents both a direct loss (due to the failure to exploit their potential value, and their nutritional and energy content) and indirect loss, due to their necessary treatment and/or disposal. Some substances contained in the wastes, of potential high value, can be recovered by means of extraction. Conventional extraction processes involve the use of solvents, which end up requiring an additional process of separation from the solute identified as the desired product. In recent years, extraction techniques have been proposed without the use of solvents. This work compares the performance of two microwave cavities used for extraction operations, both working at 2.45 GHz.

A calorimetric analysis performed by following the heating rate and temperature evolution in rack of 25 beakers filled with 25 mL of water, coupled with the solution of the heat transfer balance in the system, allowed to build the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic power dissipated as heat in each of the beakers. Fluid-dynamics aspects related to the recovery of the vapour phase produced during the extraction were also analyzed, with particular emphasis on the mean residence time of the vapour fraction in the extraction chamber as a function of its configuration.
Staling of sponge cakes with added emulsifiers
Authors: Marudova Maria , Stankov Stanko , Baeva Marianna
Published: December 2020

The effect of three types of emulsifiers (polyglycerol monostearate ester – E475, sucrose stearate ester – E473 and modified inulin palmitate ester – HP-25) on the starch retrogradation in sponge cake (SC) during storage was investigated. The method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to determine the changes in the starch retrogradation during the staling process. The retrogradation temperature and the enthalpy of the endothermic transition decreased when emulsifiers were added. The lowest values of the enthalpy for the whole storage period were found for SC with 1% HP-25. The methods of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) showed significantly bigger (1.43 times) amount of strongly bound water in the crumb of the SC with E475 and HP-25 in comparison to the control sample on the sixth day of storage. Based on our results, emulsifiers possessed retarding effect on the starch retrogradation and extend the shelf-life of the SC.
Radiographic and Nasal Endoscopic Observation of Accidentally Perforated Anterior Nasal Cavity With Dental Implants: Case Reports with 5–23 Years of Follow-Up
Authors: Park Won-Bae , Kim Young-Jin , Han Ji-Young , Park Jung-Soo , Kang Philip
Published: December 2020

Severe atrophy of the maxillary anterior region may make implant placement difficult and, as a result, iatrogenic complications such as nasal floor perforation may occur. The purpose of the present case reports is to present radiographic and nasal endoscopic features in the anterior nasal floor when dental implants were inadvertently perforated into nasal cavities. Between 1996 and 2018, 4 patients recorded with anterior nasal floor perforation with dental implants were followed and reviewed with panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computerized tomography. Also, nasal endoscopic examinations were performed by one otolaryngologist. Four implants in 4 patients were included in this case report. All implants achieved osteointegration and survived for 5–23 years without clinical complications. Three implants did not show any mucosal thickening and only one had minor mucosal thickening as visible on the radiographs. Nasal endoscopy examinations revealed that 3 implants were covered with mucosa and one had threads exposed. Intraorally, only one had clinical signs of peri-implant mucositis. Dental implants that perforated into the anterior nasal floor did not show clinical, radiographic, and nasal endoscopic complications during the long-term follow-up period. Nasal endoscopy was a better diagnostic tool to evaluate the implants perforated into the nasal cavity than conventional panoramic or cone-beam computerized tomography.
Towards a Reduction of Grammar Teaching a Lexical Analysis
Authors: Priyono Priyono
Published: December 2020

Learning a language is essentially learning vocabulary, and it is the lexical competence that enables the learners to use the language with ease. It will be argued that such an ability includes, among the important ones, the knowledge of semantic properties and syntactic behavior of the lexical item as well as its collocation. The acquisition of the semantic properties of a lexical item is ncccssaary to support the learner's ability to distinguish different senses encoded in the lexical item, and the knowledge of syntactic behavior reflects the learner's ability to recognize and produce the syntactic variants into which a lexical item can enter. The collocational competence is the knowledge of the lexical behavior in particular that enables the learner to envisage the possible cooccurrence of other words with the given lexical item. Thus, the acquisition of lexical competence would cover a large part of syntax. This understanding of the nature and characteristics of lexicon would raise some questions on the relevance of putting great emphasis on the teaching of grammar only.
Thesis and Research Writing In English By Indonesian Higher Degree Students Studying Overseas
Authors: Holliday Lloyd
Published: December 2020

Indonesian Research Degree Students studying overseas in Australian Universities, ie. those undertaking a PhD, EdD, or Master Degree by Coursework and Minor Thesis, have exactly the same problems in thesis writing as local Australian students. They may have minor problems of language in writing in English as a result of transfer from Bahasa Indonesia. But the major problems of all first time research degree students is learning how to become researchers and how to present their research in a discourse format as a thesis or dissertation that has become the assepted norm internationally. This paper firstly examines some of the common surface written language problems of Indonesian Higher Degree Students. This data is drawn from an analysis of actual drafts of these written over the last ten years by a range of Indonesian students. Secondly, the paper discusses the nature of developing as a researcher and the associated problems of how this influences the presentation of research. And thirdly, the paper reflects on ways in which the process of learning to think and write as a researcher can be facilitated.
The Minimalist and Maximalist Approaches in the TEFLIN: Towards the Empowerment of the General Indonesian Learners of English
Authors: Gunarwan Asim
Published: December 2020

The point of departure of this paper is an assumption that the teaching of English in Indonesian public schools has not yielded the minimum expected result: English learners have not been empowered with the reading skill in English, let alone the other skills. Given that English has an elevated role to play in the new millennium, Indonesian learners should be empowered in this language for wider communications. Two approaches are proposed, namely (1) the minimalist approach, in which reading ability is the sole objective of the teaching of English to students in general, the corrolary being the use of the translation method; and (2) the maximalist approach, in which "ordinary" students are taught along the line of the notion of Little English (much discussed in the 60's and 70's), whereas "the cream of the cream" are tutored in a special programme designed to make them English-Indonesian bilinguals. Hence, a new language policy of Indonesia should be developed and English curricula be reviewed and a national commission on the TEFLIN be set up to look into the matter in more depth and to suggest ways in which the teaching of this language in schools can really empower the learners in the context of human resources development.
TEXTBOOK ANALYSIS ON COLLEGE ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Widodo Handoyo Puji
Published: December 2020

When no specific materials are available particularly on EFL writing courses, the selection and use of a textbook are of great priority. For this reason, this article analyzes a textbook on college academic writing in an EFL context-Indonesia. In this analysis, I employed the in-depth method using the three phases of the textbook analysis, concerning the three main features of the textbook: (1) goal and organization, (2) contents-inputs, models, and exercises, and (3) the suitability of the textbook viewed from aims, beliefs about writing, the roles of the teacher, the role of the students, and the roles of the textbook as a whole. The extent to which the selected textbook reflected the recent views of the teaching and learning of writing skill was also investigated. The results show that the author echoed his clear goal and organization. The contents of the textbook regarding the inputs, models, exercises, and writing assignments reflected the features of academic writing required for college students.
HUMANISTIC APPROACH IN ACTION: EFL WRITING CLASS
Authors: Soviyah Soviyah
Published: December 2020

After finishing secondary education level, one can hardly expect that he will be able to perform well in English. One cause is that it is assumed that English learning process emphasizes more on the students cognitive rather than on their psychical needs as human beings. Teachers tend to ignore what \'s the so called education from the neck up. Based on the writer's personal experience during her schooling phase, this paper, therefore tries to offer English teachers the humanistic approach applied in an EFL writing class. This approach is worth considering since its main principle is bringing the learning process towards a more affective situation by combining the subject matter to be learned with the feelings, emotions, experiences, and lives of the students. In this paper, the discussion of what humanistic approach is and why it is worth considering especially in a writing class are elaborated in details. In addition, a model of a classroom application will also be given.
REVIEWING THE DISCOURSE ON (POTENTIAL) "ENEMIES OF STANDARD ENGLISH"
Authors: Basthomi Yazid
Published: December 2020

This essay argues that Standard English is one among the varieties of English. Although speaking Standard English, as is the case with speaking other languages or varieties claimed to be the standard, might allow the speakers to gain particular privileges, it should not be readily surmised that this variety is more quality than the rest; difference does not necessarily mean difference in quality. As such, Honey's propagation that Standard English is more quality thus warrants more attention should be read on guard. This essay outlines whom Honey refers to as the enemies of Standard English. Subsequent to the outline, the essay presents points disclosing Honey's shaky argument. Critical presentation, against the backdrop of Honey's argumentation, of issues about nonnative speakers of English (if they are parties having the potential to corrupt English) will conclude the article.
DEVELOPING LEARNING MATERIALS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES
Authors: Harsono Y. M.
Published: December 2020

Teaching/learning materials is one of the very crucial elements that has to exist to conduct teaching/learning activities. This paper describes teaching/learning materials development for ESP. The description includes the definition, the principles, the procedure, and the practical undertaking of the materials development with the case of developing learning materials for ESP.
A STUDY ON THE READING SKILLS OF EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Floris Flora Debora , Divina Marsha
Published: December 2020

The present study attempts to investigate kinds of reading skills that EFL (English as a Foreign Language) University students have difficulty with. For this purpose, two reading tests which covered seventeen kinds of reading skills were developed and administered to ten students of batch 2003 studying at an English Department of a private university in Surabaya, Indonesia. The analysis showed that each reading skill had different level of difficulty for the respondents.
EXAMINING RESEARCH SPACES IN DOCTORAL PROSPECTUSES
Authors: Basthomi Yazid
Published: December 2020

Genre analyses and contrastive rhetoric studies have dealt with quite a number of genres of writing. However, genre analysts and contrastive rhetoric researchers have not carried out adequate analyses of doctoral prospectuses. This paper will, subsequently, address this issue by analyzing a genre of texts of doctoral prospectuses. The analysis will be focused on the sub-genre of "Background of the Study" of the prospectuses. Limitations of accessibility, however, have led this study to only focus on analyzing fourteen doctoral prospectuses written in English by Indonesian students of EFL accessible from the Graduate Program, State University of Malang, Indonesia. This situation suggests that the present study is preliminary. Preliminary, notwithstanding, the study will contribute to filling the gap of the underresearched issue of doctoral studies in Indonesia, particularly, those pertinent to the area of ELT. The analysis shows a tendency that the texts of Background of the Study do not show research spaces. Relevant to this, the article provides an interpretive explanation of the possible factors attributable tothis issue.
THE TEACHING OF EFL LISTENING IN THE INDONESIAN CONTEXT: THE STATE OF THE ART
Authors: Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Widiati Utami
Published: December 2020

The status of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Indonesia necessitates the use of English native speakers' utterances as models of pronunciation and as standard of understanding messages in various contexts, be they academic or social. As recently English has developed as an international language that can be used as a means of communication between people from non-English speaking countries, the role of listening activities in the teaching of English cannot be neglected. This article highlights the importance of listening and reviews some of the issues in the research and teaching of EFL listening. It firstly presents a paradigm of the listening process, followed by a theoretical framework for teaching listening, especially in the broader context of English language teaching. It then discusses the teaching of and research on EFL listening in Indonesia. Finally, this article outlines some recommendations for more effective teaching of listening in EFL classrooms.
EMPOWERING NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING TEACHERS THROUGH CRITICAL PEDAGOGY
Authors: Hayati Nur
Published: December 2020

Critical pedagogy is a teaching approach that aims to develop students’ critical thinking, political and socialawareness, and self esteem through dialogue learning and reflection. Related to the teaching of EFL, this pedagogy holds the potential to empower non native English speaking teachers (NNESTs) when incorporated into English teacher education programs. It can help aspiring NNESTs to grow awareness of the political and sociocultural implications of EFL teaching, to foster their critical thinking on any concepts or ideas regarding their profession, and more importantly, to recognize their strengths as NNESTs. Despite the potential, the role of critical pedagogy in improving EFL teacher education program in Indonesia has not been sufficiently discussed. This article attempts to contribute to the discussionby looking at a number of ways critical pedagogy can be incorporated in the programs, the rationale for doing so, and the challenges that might come on the way.
USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TO ENHANCE LANGUAGE TEACHING & LEARNING: AN INTERVIEW WITH DR. A. GUMAWANG JATI
Authors: Floris Flora Debora
Published: December 2020

In recent years, information and communication technology (ICT) has become embedded and affected the every aspect of our lives. Rapid development of ICT has changed our language teaching pedagogy at all levels. Teachers, curriculum developers, researchers have been constantly striving to find techniques to use some form of it to both assist and enhance language learning. What is more exciting is that studies have demonstrated positive effects that ICT brings towards students' learning motivation (Chenoweth, Ushida & Murday, 2006; Stepp- Greany, 2002), students' personal needs and learning styles (Gimenez, 2000), students' language mastery (Stepp-Greany, 2002), effective teaching and learning process (Al-Jarf, 2004), etc. Although these studies have shown that ICT has the potential important role in supporting and enhancing language learning, the use of ICT should never be the goal in and of itself. The responsibility for language instruction should be in the hands of qualified teachers who have the knowledge and expertise to manage and to make the best use of it to accomplish learning objectives.
PROMOTING A RESPECT FOR DIFFERENCE THROUGH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Welsh Alistair
Published: December 2020

An emphasis on developing students' moral and ethical character is evident in the 2013 National Indonesian Curriculum. In this article, I look at how respect for difference is reflected in the 2013 Indonesian National Curriculum, specifically referring to the second key competency area for senior high school English language. I also draw reference from academic literature that can be linked to this competency area of the English curriculum. Exploring theoretical links from the literature is useful to develop a deeper understanding of the importance of this key competency area. Discussion explores the significance of respect for difference and the important role that English language teachers in Indonesia can play in promoting tolerance. By understanding how culture can be used as a divisive force, we can more readily identify how teachers can develop a respect for difference in their students to help overcome intolerant attitudes that can lead to discrimination.
￼EXPLORING LITERACY PRACTICES IN ￼A SECOND LANGUAGE
Authors: Parlindungan Firman
Published: December 2020

There has been a consensus in research and practices that social and cultural aspects of lives contribute to literacy development, particularly in second language learning. The conception of literacy has been shifting from the lens of formal literacy learning in school settings into broader opportunities in sociocultural contexts, and some may exclusively look at the intersection between the two. In this article, I discuss the concept of continuities of literacy development and out-of-school literacy practices by carefully interpreting empirical research that have been done in the last decade. The discussion in this article enriches the notion of literacy learning that diverse settings of literacy practices, parents’ role, and various available texts are significant predictors to the continuities of literacy development. I argue that ESL learners independently mediate their own literacy development either at school or community by taking advantages of rich opportunities available at the environment, which explained novice-expert relationship, hybridity, and intertextuality.
EFL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES IN LEARNING CALL THROUGH PROJECT BASED INSTRUCTIONS
Authors: Mali Yustinus Calvin Gai
Published: December 2020

Various initiatives led by Ministries of Education and related entities in many countries around the world have encouraged teachers not only to integrate technology in their teaching practices but also to employ various sound teaching methods that allow learners to be actively involved in the teaching and learning process. As a response to these issues, this qualitative study delves closely into students’ perspectives on the implementation of Project Based Learning (PBL) activities in an Introduction to Computer Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) course. Thirty students participated in the study by submitting reflective notes that answer four questions concerning the implementation of PBL in the course. Approached through the lens of content analysis paradigms, the data analysis results showed the students’ positive responses to the employment of PBL in exploring potential technology for language teaching and learning purposes. Implications for ICALL course designs particularly in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) higher education context and directions for further research were also discussed.
￼WHAT DO YOU SEE HERE FROM THIS PICTURE?: ￼QUESTIONING STRATEGIES OF MASTER TEACHERS IN ￼INDONESIAN VOCATIONAL ENGLISH CLASSROOMS
Authors: Rido Akhyar
Published: December 2020

This study is an attempt to provide an in-depth understanding of the teaching practices of Indonesian vocational English master teachers, focusing on their use of questioning strategies. Using a qualitative approach, this study was carried out in three vocational schools and involved three selected master teachers. Data were collected through 23 sessions of observations, 40 hours of video-recording, and interviews with 33 students. The findings showed that the master teachers employed an interactive style of teaching and not the monologue norm, where the teachers ask while the students answer the questions. They used close-display, open-referential, and follow-up questions. They also nominated specific students to answer questions, asked questions to the entire class, and repeated questions when there was no response. These strategies made the teachers control the lessons, guide the students towards a particular response, and promote interactions. The students were receptive to the strategies as they were keen to contribute when they were given questions and opportunities to speak. The results of this study can be used by various stakeholders to improve classroom interaction and promote interactive learning.
THE ROLE OF LEXICAL FREQUENCY IN MODERATING THE EFFECT OF GRAMMAR KNOWLEDGE ON L2 READING OUTCOMES
Authors: Sahiruddin Sahiruddin
Published: December 2020

Sentence-level grammar skills are of the important foundations in the mastery of reading skills in second language (L2). Previous studies showed inconclusive findings about the effect of grammar knowledge on L2 reading. This study examines the relationship between L2 reading outcomes and reader-based grammar knowledge as it is moderated by text-based features of vocabulary difficulty. Participants were EFL students (n = 71) in the second year of their English major at an Indonesian university. The participants’ grammar knowledge was measured using a test of sentence-level grammatical knowledge. Text-based vocabulary difficulty was assessed using VocabProfile software (Cobb, 2010). During the data collection period, the participants completed four reading texts, each reflecting a unique combination of two levels (high vs. low) of lexical frequency. This study reveals that reader grammar knowledge influenced L2 reading outcomes. It also shows that text vocabulary difficulty significantly moderated the relationship between reader grammatical knowledge and L2 reading, indicating that the relationship between grammar knowledge and L2 reading for high lexical frequency texts was significantly greater than for low lexical frequency texts.
SOCIAL MEDIA AS A CONDUIT FOR TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA: MYTHS, PROMISES OR REALITIES?
Authors: Alberth Alberth , Mursalim Mursalim , Siam Siam , Suardika I Ketut , Ino La
Published: December 2020

It is generally accepted that effective teacher professional development is critical to effective educational improvements and reforms of any educational institution. However, a conventional form of teacher professional development is constrained by time and space and, more often than not, there is a lack of perpetual support to teachers in the wake of a training program. An alternative way of teacher professional development therefore needs to be sought. This article argues that social media and all its facets open up new avenues for sustainable professional development and life-long learning in which case support can be obtained through virtual learning communities.
A CORPUS-BASED STUDY ON THE TECHNICAL VOCABULARY OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS STUDIES
Authors: Simbuka Srifani , Abdul Hamied Fuad , Sundayana Wachyu , Kwary Deny A.
Published: December 2020

This paper charts the construction of a technical vocabulary list called the Islamic Religious Studies Textbooks Vocabulary (IRSTV) which was developed from the Corpus of Islamic religious studies textbooks (CIRST) in an Indonesian Islamic State Institute (IISI). The study is aimed to meet the need of first-year English language learners studying in Indonesian Islamic tertiary education. The IRSTV list contains selected word types extracted from five major sub-disciplines of Islamic Religious Studies (IRS), i.e. the science of Qur’an, the science of Hadiths, Islamic law and jurisprudence, Islamic philosophy and theology, and Islamic mysticism theology, taught in most Indonesian Islamic universities and colleges. The quantitative analysis of frequency, range and keyness score ranking was conducted and aided by Corpus analysis software i.e. Antwordprof and Antconc keyword tool. A final triangulated ranking of these three criteria was conducted to produce a more balanced technical vocabulary list resulting in 262 word types or 239 lemmas of English words that are needed to be learned by English as Foreign Language (EFL) students of Indonesian Islamic universities, state institutes and colleges.
Medieval English Nicknames and Surnames with Christian Associations
Authors:   Moscow City Teacher Training University, Alpatov Vladislav V.
Published: December 2020

The article surveys Medieval English nicknames and the derivative modern surnames carrying Christian associations through their motivation. Most commonly, these nicknames would originally refer to a clerical order or office (e.g. Clark < clerk) and then subsequently take the form of a patronymic (e.g. Vickerson < vicar). Some of these are properly occupational, designating the office itself (e.g. Prest) or the relation to people in holy or monastic orders: a familial (the name could be inherited by legitimate or, after the 12th c., illegitimate, children) or working one (e.g. Monkman). Alternatively, such nicknames are metaphoric denoting people that resembled priests, monks, etc. (e.g. Cardinal). A number of nicknames refer to diverse minor church offices like sexton and chanter, as well as religiously and socially marked people like palmer. There is also the type of metonymic nicknames that describe the conduct of the bearer in religious and moral terms, e.g. as pious or prayerful (e.g. Holyman). Less widespread but more varied are “event-nicknames” under which heading the author subsumes what is traditionally called pageant names, from the alleged roles in Medieval drama (e.g. Herod), and names deriving from church festivals (e.g. Christmas). Religious associations also appear in names derived from oaths and favourite phrases of the named persons (e.g. Godspeed). The array therefore puts on display a wide range of Medieval social roles and attitudes, and allows to speculate on their respective prominence. Parallels are drawn with Old Russian names and nicknames, and several alternative explanations or specifications for English nicknames are suggested. The article continues the series of publications devoted to the influence of Christianity on the English and, wider, Medieval European namegiving.
The Island Name Krk, Croatia, in its Mediterranean and European Context
Authors:   University of the West of England, Coates Richard
Published: December 2020

Krk is one of the two largest islands in the Adriatic archipelago of Croatia, along with Cres. Its name has been discussed most recently by Dubravka Ivšić Majić (Voprosy Onomastiki 16.1, 2019) in the context of an analysis of the survival of the pre-Slavic names of islands presently in Croatia that are recorded in medieval sources, which is based in part on her doctoral dissertation. However, Krk has apparently never been discussed in the wider perspective that is attempted here. The purposes of this article are (1) to examine a moderately large range of similar names in or adjacent to the Mediterranean (understood broadly to include the Ægean, Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas), and (2) to try to form a view about the possible origin and significance of the name and its etymon, along with their possible relation to certain other names and lexical words in languages of the Mediterranean, notably Ancient Greek, and Insular Celtic. Particular attention is paid to the geology, geomorphology and cultural significances of the places bearing names of this type. It is tentatively concluded that the names originally referred to striking geological features invested with cultural significance because of some exceptional additional characteristic, such as the mysterious appearance or disappearance of pure water. Certainty is not possible about the language of original formulation, but the range of variation in the nametypes and their apparent dialectology are considered. Greek is the medium of transmission for the majority of the names analysed. A brief footnote glance is taken at superficially comparable names and lexical items even further from the epicentre of the phenomena considered here.
Adaptation as a factor of psychological safety of primary school children
Authors:   Sochi State University, Zakharchuk Galina
Published: December 2020

The article contains the results of a study of school motivation and adaptation to school in younger students. The subjects were first-grade students, their teacher, and parents. Analysis of the results revealed students with problems in educational motivation and manifestations of school maladjustment, which can serve as both a cause and a consequence of problems in the psychological safety of students.
Corporate safety mentality development in high-risk occupations
Authors:   Institute of psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bessonova Yuliya
Published: December 2020

The article presents a study of a corporate safety mentality in high-risk occupations. The purpose is to study the mentality’s development. Firefighters (N = 153) and cadets (N = 32) are examined, the methods include the professional mentality assessment, factors of professional identification, reliability and professional success. Mentality’s development is a non-linear and uneven process, specific professional mentality will be completed at earliest 7 years of experience. Mentality has a close correlation with the organizational safety culture. Two-way interaction between corporate mentality and facilitating professional identification factors has been revealed.
Large systems and implicit dangers: the mediators problem
Authors:   Kuban State University, Kimberg Aleksandr , Ul’ko Elena ,   Kuban State University
Published: December 2020

Human relations with large systems are discussed as a special group of safety problems. The dangers here are impalpable, that is, not perceived sensually. Human security systems formed in evolution do not react to them properly. To understand the dangers of large systems, a person needs intermediaries and interpreters. The development of the global network has increased the influence of intermediaries. At the same time, their competence and decency are no longer guaranteed. Each person has to choose a source of information and decide whether to believe his messages. Our observations show that people are not up to the task. Their consciousness is being actively manipulated. The problem of finding a way to persons rationally decision making in the world of information chaos is discussed.
Socio-economic threats to personal psychological security during COVID-19 pandemic period
Authors:   Kuban State University, Lupenko Natal’ya , Vermenikova Lyudmila ,   Kuban State University
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the description of socio-economic threats affecting the psychological safety of an individual during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors comprehensively consider the definition of "psychological security of a person", determine its structure. The article discusses in detail each of the socio-economic threats to the psychological safety of an individual that arose during the COVID-19 pandemic, describes the degree and quality of the influence of each of them on the subject of the study. The emotions experienced by a person when faced with threats are determined, the functional meaning of these emotions is revealed.
Analysis of requests for psychological help on issues of non-confirmation of identity
Authors:   SGOO «Center for psychological assistance «Form of life», Sehanine Kira
Published: December 2020

The article contains the results of the analysis of clients ' requests for psychological help. Most of the requests are related to conflicting ideas about yourself and not being able to solve the situation in this state. Customer requests contain criteria for unsuccessful life scenarios (lack of family or unsuccessful family experience, broken relationships, etc.) and non-confirmation of the identity of the individual.
The role and place of the discipline "Psychological security" in master's programs
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Novopashina Larisa
Published: December 2020

The actual problem of our time is the aggravated fundamental contradiction between the digital and humanitarian components of the corresponding Sciences. And as a result, it begins to manifest itself in a sharp way both in professional activities and in everyday life. In this regard, addressing the topic of psychological security in education is justified and necessary. The purpose of the article is to discuss the educational potential of the discipline "Psychological security", and its role and place in master's programs in non-pedagogical and non-psychological areas. Method. Using the method of content analysis, the article tests the hypothesis that "psychological security" can be the goal of education, and not just its material. Results and discussion. Based on the material of 21 Russian and foreign educational programs, the content units of the discipline are presented. Analysis of training practices and methods in both Russian and foreign programs allows us to offer a modular structure of the discipline "Psychological security", where the psychological security of the individual, workplace and global processes is its content core. Conclusions. The key difference between Russian education and American and German education is that in the Russian academic tradition, the main subject is the psychological security of the individual. While foreign programs are more focused on the psychological safety of the workplace and the environment. In addition, the author notes that the main educational methods coincide in the programs of foreign and Russian universities. The results obtained and the conclusions drawn allow us to offer a modular structure of the discipline "Psychological security", where the individual, workplace and global processes are the focus of work with students in non-pedagogical and psychological programs.
rtabnetsp: pacote R para extração de indicadores de saúde do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Morais João Henrique de Araujo , Konstantyner Thais Cláudia Roma de Oliveira , Fazenda Álvaro Luiz , Sala Arnaldo , Martins Camila Bertini
Published: December 2020

Indicadores de saúde representam uma importante ferramenta de acompanhamento de desempenho de ações em Saúde Pública, permitindo a avaliação de intervenções realizadas, bem como a identificação de tendências e regiões prioritárias para alocação de recursos. Com o objetivo de aumentar a praticidade nas tarefas de análise e manipulação de dados desses indicadores, foi criado um pacote R. O pacote rtabnetsp realiza requisições aos servidores TabNet da página eletrônica da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, recuperando e tratando tais dados para utilização do usuário. Este artigo apresenta o pacote rtabnetsp e suas funções, modo de instalação e uso; além de exemplos de suas funcionalidades, que permitem a visualização, busca e seleção, entre uma lista de indicadores, do conteúdo desejado, além da obtenção dos dados agregados pelo nível de regionalização disponível na matriz de dados, conferindo maior agilidade a tarefas de gestão em saúde do estado de São Paulo.
The Effects of the Electrode Type on Microstructure and Hardness of the RSW of DP600 Steel
Authors: Demir Bilge , Elitaş Muhammed , KARAKUŞ Hüseyin
Published: December 2020

In
this paper, the effects of the electrode type on microstructure and hardness of
the resistance spot welded junctions of DP steel were studied. Commercial
galvanized DP sheet steel was used. Resistance spot welding (RSW), with
changing electrode type according to geometry, has been carried out with
constant weld time, weld current and weld pressure. Microstructure and hardness
are depending on materials properties and weld parameter particularly heat
input. Heat input is resulted from welding condition and parameters. Electrode
tip type effects welding contact and heat transfer during RSW. Results showed
that particularly spherical type electrode showed low heat input thus limited
microstructure changing at heat affected zone. This have on positive effect on
properties of the junctions. Depending on chemical composition of DP 600 harder
phases generally formed at weld zone.
Enhanced Microencapsulation of C-Phycocyanin from Arthrospira by Freeze-Drying with Different Wall Materials
Authors: Pan-utai Wanida , Iamtham Siriluck
Published: December 2020

Research background. C-phycocyanin (C-PC) as a water-soluble blue pigment was extracted from microalga Arthrospira. C-PC could be a good substitute for synthetic pigments with high antioxidant activity. However, C-PC is unstable due to sensitivity to temperature, light, pH, and oxygen; therefore applications of C-PC in food and other products are limited. Microencapsulation of C-PC using freeze-drying is a solution to this problem and is considered a suitable method for drying heat-sensitive pigment.

Experimental approach. C-phycocyanin was extracted from Arthrospira platensis. C-phycocyanin microcapsules were modified by freeze-drying, with different ratios at 0-100 % of maltodextrin (MD) and gum Arabic (GA) used as microencapsulation wall materials. The powders produced were evaluated for physical properties including moisture content and water activity, solubility, hygroscopicity, bulk density, colour appearance, particle morphology and size distribution. Thermal stability and antioxidant activity of freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders were also assessed.

Results and conclusions. Freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders with maltodextrin and gum Arabic as wall materials gave high encapsulation efficiency of around 99 %. At higher gum Arabic percentage, moisture content decreased and water activity improved. Maltodextrin gave higher solubility of C-PC powders whereas gum Arabic led to a similar colour of C-PC without microencapsulation. Freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders were composed of different sized microparticles regardless of the combination of wall materials with amorphous glassy shapes. Thermal stability of encapsulated C-PC increased and also showed high antioxidant properties.

Novelty and scientific contribution. C-PC microcapsules that maintain colourant stability with high antioxidant levels and resistance to high temperatures can be applied in a wide variety of products and also in the food industry.
A Critical Analysis of South Africa’s System of Government: From a Disjunctive System to a Synergistic System of Government
Authors: Mhlongo Lindelwa
Published: December 2020

The right to vote in South Africa is one of the fundamental rights recognised by the Constitution. South Africa ran its sixth election on 8 May 2019. Since the birth of democracy in 1994, it has had four presidents, two of whom did not serve their full term in office. Former President Thabo Mbeki resigned after he was recalled for using the country’s law enforcement system to undermine Jacob Zuma’s chances of succeeding him. He resigned with nine months to go in his second term in office. Mbeki’s successor, former President Jacob Zuma, also resigned from office during his second term with 14 months to go. Several stinging criticisms were levelled against him. For example, he was accused of tribalism and being a “ruralitarian” who lacked urban sophistication to understand and lead a large economy such as South Africa. He was also accused of benefiting his family through creating business opportunities for them and directing development projects to his home village. Furthermore, his government was accused of being weak on corruption, and being easily influenced by the communists. In light of the above, the question that begs for an answer is: does the current South African system of government and electoral system provide for high-level political accountability? In answering this question, further ancillary questions are posed throughout the article. What informed the drafters of the Electoral Amendment Act 73 of 1998 to choose the current electoral system? Is it time for South Africa to review its electoral system? How can South Africa increase the level of political accountability of the President?
Implementing a South African E-Dispute Resolution System For Consumer Disputes
Authors: Reddy Sershiv
Published: December 2020

In the 1990s, online dispute resolution became more prevalent with the growth of the Internet and its accompanying issues. Yet despite the apparent advantages of online dispute resolution platforms, South Africa has lagged behind in using such a system for consumer disputes. It has become necessary to appeal for the use of an online system since courts are often too costly and backlogged with other disputes; and existing consumer mechanisms found in the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 have proved to be ineffectual. With the expansion of artificial intelligence and South Africa now entering the Fourth Industrial Revolution, it is evident that reforms to consumer laws may be necessary to keep up with technological advances, as well as to expedite consumer disputes. The use of an online dispute resolution system powered by artificial intelligence may prove beneficial in South Africa. This article argues for the implementation of an e-dispute resolution system similar to eBay’s online Resolution Center.
Объективная субъективность: психоаналитическая теория субъекта
Authors: Узланер Дмитрий
Published: December 2020

Главная тема книги — человек как субъект. В ней раскрывается данный феномен и исследуются структуры человеческой субъективности и интерсубъективности. В качестве основы для анализа используется психоаналитическая теория, при этом она помещается в контекст современных дискуссий о соотношении мозга и психической реальности в свете такого междисциплинарного направления, как нейропсихоанализ. От критического разбора нейропсихоанализа автор переходит непосредственно к рассмотрению структур субъективности и вводит ключевое для данной работы понятие объективной субъективности. В последних главах детально разбирается теория субъекта Жака Лакана, элементы которой иллюстрируют ключевые для этой работы интуиции, касающиеся анатомии человеческого субъекта, — в субъективном и интерсубъективном контекстах. Книга предназначена для всех интересующихся современным психоанализом, философией сознания и человеческой субъективностью.
Жирные
Authors: Лаптон Дебора
Published: December 2020

Это книга о том, почему тучное тело подвергается суровому осуждению и считается патологическим, почему оно является предметом столь интенсивного обсуждения, вращающегося вокруг того, как уменьшить такое тело в размерах до приемлемых, с точки зрения социума и медицины, пропорций. Она посвящена живому опыту тучной телесности: каково это — быть тучным в жирофобном обществе. В ней также освещается фэт-активизм, политика ожирения и связанные с ними споры и разногласия. Всемирно известный социолог Дебора Лаптон исследует жир как артефакт: как телесную субстанцию и телесную форму, которые осмысляются сквозь призму сложных и постоянно меняющихся систем идей, практик, эмоций, материальных объектов и межличностных отношений. Этот анализ выявляет более широкие контексты и течения, в рамках которых осуществляются практики, связанные с человеческим телом и Я. Книга, написанная живым, увлекательным языком, предназначена как для широкой аудитории, так и для студентов и исследователей, интересующихся вопросами политики телесности и здоровья.