bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efek negatif arus listrik bolak balik terhadap barang elektronik rumah dengan studi kasus menggunakan model poe2we
Authors: setiawan Gugun
Published: November 2020

Artikel ini merupakan penjelasan dan pemahaman untuk dapat diterapkan mengenai efek negatif arus listrik bolak balik pada barang elektronik rumah dengan studi kasus model poe2we pada kehidupan sehari hari . Kita ketahui tujuan listrik ke perumahan yaitu mentransmisikan energi untuk digunakan pada kegiatan dirumah. Dan listrik yang di transmisikan ke rumah rumah adalah arus listrik bolak balik. pada arus listrik AC arus listriknya terkadang searah dengan arah jarum jam terkadang bergerak juga berlawanan arah dengan jarum jam. Biasanya, perubahannya itu berupa sinusoidal . Dengan pernyataan demikian kadang kadang teganganya sama dengan nol. Sebenarnya lampu pada rumah itu nyala redup silih bergantian, tetapi mata kita tidak sensitif terhadap perubahanya, karena berlangsung dengan sangat cepat. Pada umumnya di indonesia frekuensi listrik AC adalah 50Hz . Itu berarti, dalam 1 detik, terdapat 50 gelombang. Jadi dalam 1 detik, listrik AC tersebut bergerak bolak-balik sebanyak 50 kali.maka Mata kita tidak bisa mendeteksi nyala-redup secepat itu. Pada listrik DC, arusnya searah dan biasanya nilainya tidak berubah-ubah (bisa dibilang frekuensinya nol). Sementara pada listrik AC, arusnya bolak-balik. Dengan adanya frekuensi ini, sebenernya listrik AC itu bisa menimbulkan hambatan yang biasanya tidak ada pada listrik DC, yaitu hambatan yang muncul akibat reaktansi induktif pada kabel. ketika induktor dialiri arus DC, yang mana nilai i tetap, maka medan magnetnya juga tetap atau tidak berubah-ubah. Sehingga tidak ada arus induksi yang muncul. Sementara ketika induktor dialiri arus AC, yang mana nilai i nya berubah-ubah, maka medan magnet di dalam induktor tersebut berubah-ubah. Perubahan medan magnet pada induktor tersebut yang akhirnya memunculkan i atau arus induksi yang melawan arus sebelumnya. Jadi, kalau kita menggunakan arus AC untuk transmisi listrik, maka listrik tersebut akan mengalami hambatan berupa reaktansi induktif yang mana efek negatifnya jadi loss dan kurang efisien disbanding dengan arus DC .
Menakar Moderasi Beragama di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad
Published: November 2020

Belakangan dunia perguruan tinggi di Indonesia dihebohkan oleh hasil penelitian yang menyebutkan sebagian kampus di Indonesia dan mahasiswanya terpapar radikalisme. Fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan kampus-kampus yang terpapar radikalisme justru terjadi pada kampus-kampus umum. Sedangkan pada perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan seperti Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) yang terpapar radikalisme jumlahnya justru lebih sedikit. Itupun bila ditelusuri dari Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan (PTK) yang potensial terpapar adalah perguruan-perguruan tinggi keagamaan yang telah membuka program studi (prodi) umum seperti kedokteran dan saintek. Prodi umum menjadi pintu masuknya paham radikalisme di PTK. Tulisan ini merekomendasikan untuk menekan berkembangnya paham eksklusif di lingkungan perguruan tinggi diperlukan : pertama, memperbanyak ruang dialog antar kelompok mahasiswa dan antar civitas kampus. Kampus jangan didominasi kepentingan sebuah kelompok tertentu sehingga menutup ruang dialog untuk kelompok lain; kedua, mahasiswa perlu lebih banyak dilibatkan secara langsung dalam mencari solusi permasalahan-permasalahan sosial dan bangsa.
turnamen takraw
Authors: S Risawati.
Published: November 2020

agar pemuda danmasyarakat setempatkedepannya bersifatpositifdengan olahragadenganMotoNarkobaNOOlahragaYESdanjunjungtinggi sportifitasberolahraga.
Hubungan Ruang Lingkup K3 dalam Pemberian Asuhan Keperawatan Di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Hasanah Raudatun
Published: November 2020

Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) merupakan suatu upaya perlindungan kepada tenaga kerja dan orang lain yang memasuki tempat kerja terhadap bahaya dari akibat kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan K3 adalah mencegah, megurangi, bahkan menihilkan resiko penyakit dan kecelakaan akibat kerja (KAK) serta meningkatkan derajat kesehatan para pekerja sehingga produktivitas kerja meningkat. Dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan, upaya kesehatan kerja ditunjukkan untuk melindungi pekerja agar hidup sehat dan terbebas dari gangguan kesehatan serta pengaruh buruk yang diakibatkan oleh pekerjaan sehingga sudah seharusnya pihak pengelola RS menerapkan upaya-upaya K3 di RS. K3 termasuk sebagai salah satu standar pelayanan yang dinilai di dalam akreditasi RS, disamping standar pelayanan lainnya.Rumah sakit merupakan institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang kompleks, padat profesi dan padat modal. Pelayanan rumah sakit menyangkut berbagai fungsi pelayanan, pendidikan, penelitian dan juga mencakup berbagai tindakan maupun disiplin medis. Rumah Sakit adalah tempat kerja yang memiliki potensi terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Bahan mudah terbakar, gas medik, radiasi pengion, dan bahan kimia merupakan potensi bahaya yang memiliki risiko kecelakaan kerja.Ruang lingkup Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) harus tetap berada di semua lini kegiatan, baik di sektor formal maupun non formal, sebab potensi ancaman bahaya kecelakaan dan kesehatan kerja selalu akan mengancam dimanapun berada. Banyak contoh yang bisa diambil, misalnya di sektor industri manufaktur berbagai limbah padat maupun cair, pencemaran udara oleh partikel, bahan kimia, suara bising penggunaan mesinmesin semuanya berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan para pekerjanya. Banyak media masa sering memberitakan betapa rentannya kecelakaan dan kesehatan akibat tidak memperdulikan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Kecelakaan kerja menjadi salah satu masalah urgen di lingkungan rumah sakit. Hal ini diakibatkan karena rumah sakit merupakan suatu unit pelayanan kesehatan yang memberikan pelayanan pada semua bidang dan jenis penyakit. Oleh sebab itu rumah sakit dituntut untuk dapat menyediakan dan menerapkan suatu upaya agar semua sumber daya manusia yang ada di rumah sakit dapat terlindungi, baik dari penyakit maupun kecelakaan akibat kerja (Ivana, Widjasena & Jayanti, 2014).Kecelakanaan kerja dapat diakibatkan karena rendahnya pengetahuan pekerja tentang suatu teknik keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di lingkungan kerja. Beberapa faktor yang dapat berpengaruh yaitu faktor pendidikan, pekerjaan, umur, lingkungan, dan social. Hal itu dikarenakan faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi pengetahuan seseorang tentang suatu objek atau subjek (A. Wawan dkk., 2011).
LAPORAN HARIAN KKLP RISTINA
Authors: Ristina
Published: November 2020

Kuliah Kerja Lapang Plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program Strata Satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
PENTINGNYA BERFIKIR KRITIS DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Putri Adinda Annisyah
Published: November 2020

Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, perawat tentu akan dihadapkan pada suatu kondisi dimana perawat tersebut akan memutuskan tentang kondisi kesehatan klien atau pasien yang ia tangani. Kondisi kesehatan pasien yaitu terdiri dari pasien yang sehat dengan pasien yang sakit. Pemikiran kritis akan sangat dibutuhkan karena menentukan skala kondisi kesehatan pasien tentu bukanlah hal yang mudah untuk dilakukan.Mengambil keputusan secara tergesa-gesa ataupun tidak tepat akan mempengaruhi kualitas serta kuantitas pelayanan kesehatan pasien. Apabila perawat tidak berhati-hati. Terdapat kemungkinan pasien akan menerima perawatan yang tidak sesuai dengan apa yang dibutuhkan.Untuk membantu perawat dalam mendata dan memutuskan kondisi kesehatan pasien, perawat dibantu dengan sebuah catatan yang disebut diagnosa. Diagnosa berisi tentang kondisi pasien secara spesifik. Diagnosa dapat dijadikan sebuah acuan bagi pelayanan yang akan diberikan kepada pasien agar lebih cepat dan tepat.
Upaya Perawat Dalam Melaksanakan Diagnosa Keperawatan
Authors: Gulo Nadya Duta Haga
Published: November 2020

Diagnosa keperawatan adalah penilaian klinik tentang respons individu, keluarga, atau komunitas terhadap masalah kesehatan/proses kehidupan yang aktual atau potensial. Diagnosa keperawatan memberikan dasar untuk pemilihan inter vensi keperawatan untuk mencapai hasil yang merupakan tanggung jawab perawat (Disetujui oleh anggota North Nursing Association (NANDA), Konferensi IX, Maret 1990), Perumusan diagnosa keperawatan meliputi beberapakomponen penting, yaitu: Problem (P), Etiologi (E), Sign dan symptom (5). Seorang perawat pada saat merumuskan diagnosa keperawatan didasarkan pada masalah yang dialami klien. Problem atau masalah merupakan gambaran dari keadaan klien agar perawat secara tepat dapat memberikan tindakan keperawatan.
turnamen takraw
Authors: sunarti.m
Published: November 2020

AlasanDiadakannyaagar pemuda danmasyarakat setempatkedepannya bersifatpositifdengan olahragadenganMotoNarkobaNOOlahragaYESdanjunjungtinggi sportifitasberolahraga.
Penerapan Konsep K3 di Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Azhari Raihanah
Published: November 2020

Penerapan Konsep K3 di Pelayanan Kesehatan
Meneruskan Tradisi Ulama Jawi
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad
Published: November 2020

Sejalan dengan gagasan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA), Islam di Asean perlu mempromosikan Islam wasathiyah di tengah-tengah masyarakat ASEAN. Islam wasathiyah merupakan tradisi besar yang sesungguhnya menjadi ciri utama dan warisan ulama Jawi, sebutan dari Timur Tengah untuk ulama-ulama yang berasal dari Asia Tenggara. Tiap-tiap negara mempunyai tingkat adaptasi yang berbeda dalam menerima konsep negara bangsa sebagai ciri moderasi beragama. Indonesia diuntungkan dengan tanggung jawab wilayah yang luas dan’keragaman suku serta tekstur wilayah yang terdiri atas banyak pulau sehingga menyebabkan Indonesia dengan cepat menerima gagasan negara bangsa.
KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA DALAM KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Barus Clara Vincensia br
Published: November 2020

Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja sangatlah penting. Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) harus diselenggarakan di semua tempat kerja, khususnya tempat kerja yang mempunyai risiko bahaya kesehatan. Istilah “Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja” dapat dipandang memunyai dua sisi pengertian. Pengertian yang pertama mengandung arti sebagai suatu pendekatan ilmiah (scientific approach) dan di sisi lain memunyai pengertian sebagai suatu terapan atau suatu program yang memunyai tujuan tertentu. Oleh karena itu, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja dapat digolongkan sebagai suatu ilmu terapan (applied science). Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja sebagai suatu program didasari pendekatan ilmiah dalam upaya mencegah atau memperkecil terjadinya bahaya (hazard) dan risiko (risk) terjadinya penyakit dan kecelakaan, maupun kerugian-kerugian lainya yang mungkin terjadi. Jadi dapat dikatakan bahwa Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja adalah suatu pendekatan ilmiah dan praktis dalam mengatasi potensi bahaya dan risiko kesehatan dan keselamatan yang mungkin terjadi. Terjadinya kesalahan kerja tentu saja menjadikan masalah yang besar. Dalam asuhan keperawatan, yang menjadi taruhannya adalah nyawa pasien. Jika terjadi kesalahan dalam asuhan keperawatan, maka akan menimbulakan dampak yang besar baik kepada klien / pasien maupun kepada perawat sendiri. Nah, maka perlu melaksanakan dan menerapkan konsep K3 baik dalam asuhan keperawatan maupun pekerjaan lainnya. Dengan melaksanakan dan menerapkan konsep K3, tepatnya kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja dalam asuham keperawatan, maka akan tercipta lingkungan kerja yang aman dan efektif. Maka diperlukan penerapan K3 dalam asuhan keperawatan.Seorang perawat harus dapat melayani pasien dengan sepenuh hati. Sebagai seorang perawat harus dapat memahami masalah yang dihadapi oleh klien, selain itu seorang perawat dapat berpenampilan menarik. Untuk itu seorang perawat memerlukan kemampuan untuk memperhatikan orang lain, ketrampilan intelektual, teknikal dan interpersonal yang tercermin dalam perilaku perawat.Saat ini perawat memiliki peran yang lebih luas dengan penekanan pada peningkatan kesehatan dan pencegahan penyakit, juga memandang klien secara komprehensif. Perawat menjalankan fungsi dalam kaitannya dengan berbagai peran pemberi perawatan, pembuat keputusan klinik dan etika, pelindung dan advokat bagi klien, manajer kasus, rehabilitator, komunikator dan pendidik. Maka dari itu, perawat juga berperan dalam menereapkan K3 dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien.
Indeks Karakter Siswa: Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah 2019
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad , Basri Husen Hasan
Published: November 2020

Pada tahun 2019, Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia melalui Puslitbang Pendidikan Agama dan Keagamaan, Badan Litbang dan Diklat mengembangkan sistem pengukuran pembangunan karakter yang dijadikan instrumen untuk survei karakter peserta didik. Peserta didik dibatasi pada siswa jenjang pendidikan menengah secara nasional. Hasil survei ini menghasilkan nilai komposit untuk 5 variabel utama karakter, yang meliputi dimensi religiositas, nasionalisme, kemandirian, gotong royong dan integritas.
POTENSI BAHAYA AKIBAT KERJA PERAWAT DIRUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Sihombing Lidya Andriani
Published: November 2020

Rumah sakit sebagai tempat kerja mempunyai risiko bahaya kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja baik yang terjadi langsung terhadap pekerja, pasien dan pengunjung pasien. Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit (IFRS) adalah suatu unit atau bagian dari rumah sakit yang tugasnya bertanggung jawab terhadap pengelolaan perbekalan farmasi di rumah sakit. Upaya pencegahan kecelakaan dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi potensi risiko yang ada. Risiko bahaya yang dapat teridentifikasi adalah bahaya biologi, fisika, kimia, dan psikososial.Menurut pusat data dan informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI (2015) tentang situasi kesehatan kerja tahun 2015, Jumlah kasus kecelakaan akibat kerja yang terjadi antara tahun 2011-2014 adalah sebesar 92.453 kasus dengan jumlah kasus paling tinggi terjadi pada tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 35.917 kasus. Sedangkan data untuk kasus penyakit yang terjadi akibat kerja antara tahun 2011-2014 adalah 57.929 kasus tahun 2011, 60.322 kasus tahun 2012, 97.144 kasus tahun 2013, dan 40.694 kasus pada tahun 2014. Dari data-data tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa situasi kesehatan kerja di Indonesia masih belum baik. Salah satu tempat kerja yang beresiko adalah Rumah Sakit, hal ini karena rumah sakit memiliki potensi terjadinya penyakit infeksi terhadap para karyawan, pasien, bahkan pengunjung. Beberapa contoh penyakit infeksi yang dapat terjadi di Rumah Sakit adalah TB, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, dan bahkan berisiko terinfeksi HIV/AIDS. Selain penyakit-penyakit infeksi, di rumah sakit juga memiliki risiko atau bahaya lain yang mempengaruhi situasi dan kondisi di rumah sakit, seperti kecelakaan (meliputi kejadian ledakan, kebakaran, kecelakaan yang diakibatkan adanya masalah pada instalasi listrik, serta faktor-faktor yang dapat menimbulkan cidera lainnya), radiasi, paparan bahan kimia beracun dan berbahaya, gas-gas, anastesi, gangguan terkait psikis dan ergonomi.Semua potensi bahaya tersebut di atas, jelas dapat mengganggu dan menimbulkan rasa kurang aman dan nyaman bagi pekerja di RS, pasien maupun pengunjung yang ada di lingkungan RS. (KEPMENKES N0.432 Tahun 2007.
Gender Differences in the Form and Function of Naturally Occurring Smiles
Authors: Hansen Zoe , Martin Jared , Niedenthal Paula , Wood Adrienne
Published: November 2020

Through their nuanced ability to reinforce, reassure, and judge, smiles accomplish many tasks in daily interactions. A recent approach proposes that there are at least three distinct types of smiles: reward, affiliation, and dominance, which are predicted to take different physical forms and serve unique functions in social communication. Although American women are socialized to smile more often than men, it is possible that gender differences in smile behavior depend upon social context. For instance, since it is more acceptable for men to convey status, men may produce smiles with more pronounced dominance features than women. Conversely, since women are socialized to convey harmlessness, women may produce smiles with stronger affiliation features than men. To test these hypotheses, we filmed participant pairs interacting while watching humorous videos relevant to the tasks of reward, affiliation, and dominance. We extracted all visible smiles and quantified their physical features using automated face coding software. As expected, female participants smiled more often in the affiliation context and less in the dominance context and displayed smiles with more affiliation features than males overall. Furthermore, participants’ smiles in the dominance context contained more features characteristic of dominance when they were interacting with an opposite-gender partner. This study—the first to examine naturally-elicited smiles in reward, affiliation, and dominance contexts—suggests the relationship between gender and smiling norms is nuanced and depends on the smiler’s communicative intent.
The costs (and benefits) of effortful listening on context processing: A simultaneous electrophysiology, pupillometry, and behavioral study
Authors: Silcox Jack , Payne Brennan
Published: November 2020

There is a disparity between the fields of cognitive audiology and cognitive electrophysiology as to how linguistic context is utilized when listening to perceptually challenging speech. To gain a clearer picture of how listening effort impacts context use, we conducted a pre-registered study to simultaneously examine electrophysiological, pupillometric, and behavioral responses when listening to sentences varying in contextual constraint and acoustic challenge in the same sample. Participants (N = 44) listened to sentences that were highly constraining and completed with expected or unexpected sentence-final words (“The prisoners were planning their escape/party”) or were low-constraint sentences with unexpected sentence-final words (“All day she thought about the party”). Sentences were presented either in quiet or with +3 dB SNR background noise. Pupillometry and EEG were simultaneously recorded and subsequent sentence recognition and word recall were measured. While the N400 expectancy effect was diminished by noise, suggesting impaired real-time context use, we simultaneously observed a beneficial effect of constraint on subsequent recognition memory for degraded speech. Importantly, analyses of trial-to-trial coupling between pupil dilation and N400 amplitude showed that when participants’ showed increased listening effort (i.e., greater pupil dilation), there was a subsequent recovery of the N400 effect, but at the same time, higher effort was related to poorer subsequent sentence recognition and word recall. Collectively, these findings suggest divergent effects of acoustic challenge and listening effort on context use: while noise impairs the rapid use of context to facilitate lexical semantic processing in general, this negative effect is attenuated when listeners increase effort in response to noise. However, this effort-induced reliance on context for online word processing comes at the cost of poorer subsequent memory.
Construction and Validation of a Self-report Subjective Emptiness Scale
Authors: Price Adrian L , Mahler Heike , Hopwood Christopher James
Published: November 2020

Subjective emptiness is a psychiatric symptom that is primarily assessed and studied as a criterion of borderline personality disorder, even though research suggests that it may have clinical importance beyond that diagnosis. The aim of this series of studies was to develop and validate a standalone self-report measure of subjective emptiness. A systematic, multi-step approach to identifying test content was used to generate 88 items that were then trimmed to 53 via ratings of interviews with patients and experts. This preliminary scale was administered to a sample of 544 university students, and a trimmed version was given to two samples oversampled for clinical problems (N = 1,067; N = 1,016). A five-item measure fit a unidimensional model well and had satisfactory internal consistency across these samples. External validity analyses suggested that emptiness, as measured by the Subjective Emptiness Scale (SES), is strongly related to a number of clinical constructs, particularly in the internalizing domain, indicating that emptiness is an important construct to consider in its own right, independent of its presence in the borderline criterion set.
Failure to Find Altruistic Food Sharing in Rats
Authors: Wan Haoran , Kirkman Cyrus , Jensen Greg , Hackenberg Timothy D
Published: November 2020

Prior research has found that one rat will release a second rat from restraint in the presence of food, thereby allowing that second rat access to food. Such behavior, clearly beneficial to the second rat and costly to the first, has been interpreted as altruistic. Because clear demonstrations of altruism in rats are rare, such findings deserve a careful look. The present study aimed to replicate this finding, but with more systematic methods to examine whether, and under what conditions, a rat might share food with its cagemate partner. Rats were given repeated choices between high-valued food (sucrose pellets) and 30-s social access to a familiar rat, with the (a) food size (number of food pellets per response), and (b) food motivation (extra-session access to food) varied across conditions. Rats responded consistently for both food and social interaction, but at different levels and with different sensitivity to the food-access manipulations. Food production and consumption was high when food motivation was also high (food restriction) but substantially lower when food motivation was low (unlimited food access). Social release occurred at moderate levels, unaffected by the food-based manipulations. When food was abundant and food motivation low, the rats chose food and social options about equally often, but sharing (food left unconsumed prior to social release) occurred at low levels across sessions and conditions. Even under conditions of low food motivation, sharing occurred on only 1% of the sharing opportunities. The results are therefore inconsistent with claims in the literature that rats are altruistically motivated to share food with other rats.
AVALIAÇÃO DE TRÊS MADEIRAS NATIVAS DO CERRADO GOIANO VISANDO À UTILIZAÇÃO ENERGÉTICA
Authors: De Siqueira Humberto Fauller , Patrício Evelym Poliana Santos , Lima Michael Douglas Roque , Guimarães Junior José Benedito , Oliveira Carneiro Angélica de Cássia , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Protásio Thiago de Paula
Published: November 2020

Estudos que visem ampliar o conhecimento das madeiras oriundas do cerrado podem contribuir com o correto manejo das espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da madeira e do carvão vegetal de três espécies do cerrado (Tachigali vulgaris, Myracrodruon urundeuva e Amburana cearensis) para fins energéticos. Foram amostradas duas árvores por espécie e, destas, foram retirados discos da base, a 25, 50, 75 e 100% da altura total. Para a madeira, determinou-se longitudinalmente a densidade básica, composição química, estoque de carbono, poderes caloríficos superior (PCS) e inferior (PCI) e densidade energética. As carbonizações da madeira foram realizadas em forno elétrico, com temperatura final de 450 ºC e taxa de aquecimento de 1,67 ºC.min-1. A posição longitudinal de amostragem não influenciou a densidade da madeira. A madeira de M. urundeuva apresentou maior densidade básica e PCS, bem como menor teor de materiais voláteis. O carvão da espécie T. vulgaris apresentou a menor densidade aparente (298 kg.m-3) e baixo teor de cinzas (1,14%), porém elevado teor de carbono fixo e PCS. O carvão vegetal da espécie M. urundeuva se destacou com elevada densidade relativa aparente (475 kg.m-3). A ordem das melhores espécies é: M. urundeuva, A. cearensis e T. vulgaris.
Palavras-chave: energia renovável; espécies nativas; potencial energético; qualidade do carvão.
 
ASSESSMENT OF THREE NATIVE WOODS FROM CERRADO OF GOIÁS FOR THE ENERGY PURPOSES
 
ABSTRACT:
Studies aimed at expanding the knowledge of woods from cerrado can contribute to the correct management of the species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of wood and charcoal of three species from cerrado (Tachigali vulgaris, Myracrodruon urundeuva, and Amburana cearensis) for energy purposes. Two trees per species were sampled and, from these, disks were removed from the base, at 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the total height. For wood, the properties basic density, chemical analysis, carbon stock, higher (HHV) and lower (LHV) heating values were determined longitudinally. Carbonizations were carried out in a muffle furnace with a final temperature of 450 ºC and heating rate of 1.67 ºC.min-1. There was no effect of longitudinal position under the wood basic density. Myracrodruon urundeuva wood had the highest basic density and HHV, as well as the lowest content of volatile matters. The Tachigali vulgaris charcoal had the lowest bulk density (298 kg.m-3) and low ash content (1.14%), but a high content of fixed carbon and HHV. Charcoal of the species M. urundeuva stood out with high apparent relative density (475 kg.m-3). The order of the best species is M. urundeuva, A. cearensis, and T. vulgaris.
Keywords: renewable energy; native species; energy potential; charcoal quality.
Quasi-static Compressive Properties and Behavior of Single-cell Miura Origami Column Fabricated by 3D Printed PLA Material
Authors: Triawan Farid , Denatra Geraldy Cahya , Djamari Djati Wibowo
Published: November 2020

The study of a thin-walled column structure has gained much attention due to its potential in many engineering applications, such as the crash box of a car. A thin-walled square column usually exhibits high initial peak force, which may become very dangerous to the driver or passenger. To address this issue, introducing some shape patterns, e.g., origami folding pattern, to the column may become a solution. The present work investigates the compressive properties and behavior of a square box column structure which adopts the Miura origami folding pattern. Several test pieces of single-cell Miura origami column with varying folding angle and layer height are fabricated by a 3D printer. The filament is made of Polylactic Acid (PLA), which is a brittle material. Then, compression tests are carried out to understand its compressive mechanical properties and behavior. The results show that introducing a Miura origami pattern to form a thin-walled square column can dramatically lower down the initial peak stress by 96.82% and, at the same time, increase its ductility, which eventually improves the energy absorption capacity by 61.68% despite the brittle fracture behavior.
Managing children with Medulloblastoma Algerian experience
Authors: Ezziane K.Ezziane
Published: November 2020

A retrospective study was undertaken on 194 patients in pediatric age group with diagnosis of medulloblastoma, treated from 1994-2009 at our oncologic center. For all the patients, the diagnosis was made after surgery. All patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The combined modality of chemotherapy and radiotherapy results is satisfactory for loco regional control and survival and acceptable for toxicity in patients with medulloblastoma in pediatric age group.
Agraphia: definition, clinical contexts, neurobiological profiles and clinical treatments
Authors: Perrotta Giulio
Published: November 2020

Starting from the general concept of Agraphia, the present work focuses on the clinical, neurobiological, and functional aspects of the morbid condition, suggesting a multidimensional treatment between physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and rehabilitation exercises for lost skills.
Improving Nutritional Status of Malnourished Bedridden Patient Diagnosed with Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Study Approach
Authors: AMNT Adikari
Published: November 2020

Malnutrition is common among hospitalized bed ridden patients. Nutritional management of hospitalized patients is a necessity in order to improve their nutritional status and disease conditions. The objectives of nutritional management of malnourished bedridden patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism were to improve nutritional status of the patient through gradual provision of calorie and protein intake, to improve body protein status and control muscle wasting. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary information. SGA was used to assess the malnutrition status of the patient. Since the patient was severely malnourished, she was fed with NG feeds followed by PEG feeds by gradually increasing calorie and protein up to the target level mainly through nutritional supplements for the one and half months of hospital stay. Patient’s serum protein, albumin levels and muscle mass were improved. According to the SGA, the patient was at normal/ well-nourished condition after nutrition management. Dietary management incorporating nutrition supplements indicated improvement of nutritional status of severely malnourished bedridden patient.
The Underrecognized Cardiac Manifestation of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: Malhotra Ashwin
Published: November 2020

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare systemic disease in which cardiac manifestations are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. HES involvement of the heart can often clinically mimic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with the patient undergoing repeat cardiac catheterizations when no conclusive diagnosis is arrived at, and no effective treatment is suggested to alleviate recurrent symptoms of chest discomfort. Here we present an elusive case of eosinophilic myocarditis (EM) and advocate that a detailed review of history as well as obtaining all medical records be done to avoid unnecessary and repeated invasive investigations in order to provide safe, cost effective, and efficient care for our patients.
Meaning in Medical Ethics
Authors: Boudreau Richard
Published: November 2020

Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that applies values to the practice of clinical medicine and to scientific research. They are based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the event that they are in conflict or are confused. The values include: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, dignity. The code of ethics is based on the understanding of the goals of medicine dating back to the 5th century B.C. and Hippocrates. By 1847, the code of ethics was based greatly on Thomas Percival's work. He was an English physician-philosopher and wrote a code of medical ethics for hospitals in 1803.
Scientific Ethics applied to Medicine
Authors: Menapace Marcello
Published: November 2020

General medicine is the study of the science that allows physicians to deal with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adult diseases in human beings. Since medicine is the science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease
Fever is not a symptom in COVID -19. None of the diseases require fever as its symptom
Authors: Yacob K. M.
Published: November 2020

A practicing physician in the field of healthcare in the state of Kerala in India for the last 31years and very much interested in basic research. My interest is spread across the fever, inflammation and back pain. I am a writer. I already printed and published nine books on these subjects. I wrote hundreds of articles in various magazines. I also prepared 8000 Affirmative cross checking questions. It can explain all queries related to fever After scientific studies for a long time, I have developed a theory, which can explain all queries related to fever. The real science of fever can be termed as the Physics of fever. I have written 3 books about fever in Malayalam language.
A Vision of Beneficence in Healthcare
Authors: Boudreau Richard
Published: November 2020

Beneficence remains the central moral principle in the ethics of medicine and this entails all of the components packed into the complex notion of the patient's good. In defining a vision of beneficence, I offer a broad scope that goes beyond the strict medical values to embrace the moral and other values of the patient.
Central Giant Cell Granuloma: A Narrative Review of Radiological Features and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Casu Cinzia , Viganò Luca , Berberi Joana , Bruno Francesco , Caggiula Alessandra , Di Loreto Matteo , Pettinicchio Matteo , Vendrame Alex
Published: November 2020

The Central Giant Cell Granuloma is an uncommon lesion, accounting less than 7% of all benign jaw lesions. In 1953, Jaffe was the first to describe these lesions as a giant cell reparative granuloma of the jaw bones, and in 1971, thanks to Pindborg and Kramer, it was included in the current nomenclature. The aetiology of CGCG is unknown, there is also a peripheral type that some authors consider the most common in maxillary bones. WHO defines CGCG as an intraosseous lesion consisting of cellular fibrous tissue that contains multiple foci of hemorrhage, aggregations of multinucleated giant cells, and some trabeculae of woven bone. The radiographic appearance of CGCGs is not pathognomonic. CGCGs should be differentiated from other lesions of the jaws such as Brown’s tumour of hyperparathyroidism, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumours, fibro-osseous lesions, and other malignancies that arise in the jaw bones. Furthermore, it needs to be differentiated even from some genetic syndromes, such as Cherubism, type 1-neurofibromatosis and Noonan’s syndrome. The aim of this study is to focus on radiographic features of CGCG in order to achieve an appropriate tool for diagnosis.
Hyperketonemia: Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Hassannezhad Reshad
Published: November 2020

Diets that boost ketone production are increasingly used for treating several neurological disorders. Elevation in ketones in most cases is considered favorable, as they provide energy and are efficient in fueling the body's energy needs.Several physiological and pathological triggers, such as fasting, ketogenic diet, and diabetes cause an accumulation and elevation of circulating ketones. Complications of the brain, kidney, liver, and microvasculature were found to be elevated in diabetic patients who had elevated ketones compared to those diabetics with normal ketone levels. Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. Hyperglycemia causes an osmotic diuresis with significant fluid and electrolyte loss. DKA occurs mostly in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). It causes nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain and can progress to cerebral edema, coma, and death. DKA is diagnosed by detection of hyperketonemia and anion gap metabolic acidosis in the presence of hyperglycemia. Treatment involves volume expansion, insulin replacement, and prevention of hypokalemia. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a rare yet potentially fatal hyperglycemic crisis that can occur in patients with both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to its increasing incidence and economic impact related to the treatment and associated morbidity, effective management and prevention is key. Elements of management include making the appropriate diagnosis using current laboratory tools and clinical criteria and coordinating fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, and electrolyte replacement through feedback obtained from timely patient monitoring and knowledge of resolution criteria. In addition, awareness of special populations such as patients with renal disease presenting with DKA is important. During the DKA therapy, complications may arise and appropriate strategies to prevent these complications are required. DKA prevention strategies including patient and provider education are important. This review aims to provide a brief overview of DKA from its pathophysiology to clinical presentation with in depth focus on up-to-date therapeutic management.
Association of polymorphism of HLA II genes with chronic adrenal insufficiency in APS 2,3,4 types – protective and predisposing genes.
Authors: E.A Troshina
Published: November 2020

Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation. This research was conducted under the research grant RSF “Autoimmune endocrinopathies multiple organ failure that are genomic, postgenomic and metabolic markers. Genetic risk prediction, monitoring, early predictors, personalized correction and rehabilitation.” Project number is 17-75-30035. Introduction The aim of the study was to determine the association of chronic adrenal insufficiency with polymorphism of HLA II genes among patients with APS 2,3,4 types. The focus of the study was on the revealing of protective genes for Addison’s disease in APS 3 type patients. Materials and methods The case-control study involved 78 patients with APS 2, 3, 4 types and 109 healthy subjects. Alleles of the HLA II class genes, CTLA4 and PTPN22 were identified by the multiprimer allele-specific PCR method. The statistical analysis was carried out using the exact two-sided Fisher test. The association of the chronic adrenal insufficiency in patients with APS was determined by the value of the odds ratio (OR - odd's ratio), the value of 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results Haplotypes DR3-DQ2 (OR = 4.06), DR4-DQ8 (OR = 5.78), genotype DR3/DR4 (OR = 19.7), DQA1*0301 allele (OR = 4.27), as well as genotype DQA1*0301/DQA1*0501 (OR = 13.89) predispose to the development of APS type 2, 3 and 4 in adults compared to the control group. APS patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of Addison’s disease (APS 2 and 4 types - and type 3 APS). Haplotype DR3-DQ2 (DRB1*17-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201) (OR = 2.6), as well as the genotype DR3/DR4 (OR = 4.28) found the strongest association with the development of adrenal insufficiency in patients with APS. Haplotypes DRB1*01-DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 (OR = 0.07), as well as DRB1*01 (OR = 0.08) have been determined as protective for the development of Addison’s disease. Conclusion Examination of APS type 3 patients without Addison’s disease for the presence of protective genes for the development of adrenal insufficiency will allow better predicting the risks of developing of the disease within the syndrome.
Impulse Control Disorder in a Patient with Invasive Prolactinoma on Dopamine agonist Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Dutt Pinaki
Published: November 2020

Prolactinomas constitutes a major bulk of pituitary adenomas. All symptomatic prolactinomas require dopamine agonist (DA) therapy. Impulse control disorders (ICD) or pathological behaviours are rare adverse events described with use of DA. Herein we are describing a male patient with pathological gambling and doctor shopping following use of bromocriptine and higher dose of cabergoline.The pathological behaviour disappeard after debulking surgery, reduction in cabergoline dose and several sessions of counselling. Physicians prescribing DA should be aware of this potential adverse event.This should be emphasized to the patient and family members before starting DA and physician should be inquisitive for eliciting pathological behaviour on follow up.
ErbB2 and EphA3 as a novel prognostic and therapeutic target of Recurrent Non-functioning Pituitary Adenomas: A pilot study
Authors: Dutta Pinaki
Published: November 2020

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) are 30% of all pituitary adenomas. Although benign in nature but they may be invasive and recurrent. Markers of recurrence are needed to guide patient management. Recteptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK) may sereve as therapeutic marker for recurrence as they can targeted by already available tyrosine kinase inhibitors. To examine differential RTK phosphorylation pattern of recurrent NFPAs, we recruited 20 patients and grouped them as non-recurrent (n=10), and recurrent (n=10). Recurrence was determined by follow-up of 15 years. We then performed a membrane-based antibody array (ARY001B) for the determination of the relative phosphorylation of 49 tyrosine kinases in recurrent NFPAs. As the experiment was replicated on two set of membranes, each tyrosine kinase was represented in quadruples. Student’s t-test was performed to compare the means between two groups. We found ErbB2, PDGFR beta, SCFR, Trk, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, EphA3, and Alk significantly hyperphosphorylated in recurrent NFPAs. Out of these eight hyperphosphorylated tyrosine kinases ErbB2 and EphA3 were 1.6 (p=0.01) and 1.9 (p=0.002) times hyperphosphorylated in recurrent NFPAs. This result indicates that EphA3 may be an effective therapeutic target in recurrent NFPAs.
Introducing S.A.M.S
Authors: Ayoade Seun
Published: November 2020

Conventional medicine is based on the Germ Theory. Alternative/complementary forms of therapy include acupuncture, aromatherapy, chiropractic, homeopathy, naturopathy, osteopathy, reflexology, ayurvedic and reiki.
Tamsulosin and Dementia in Old Age: is There Any Relationship?
Authors: Filho Irami
Published: November 2020

Tamsulosin is used to treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), prescribed annually to about 12.6 million patients worldwide. It is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist that reduces the tone of the prostate smooth muscle involved in the pathophysiology of BPH. By acting on alpha 1A receptors, predominant in the prostate, tamsulosin also acts on receptors present in the brain. This study consisted of a literature review aimed at disseminating scientific knowledge about the relationship between the use of tamsulosin and the onset of dementia. Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Embase, and Web of Science studies involving dementia in patients using tamsulosin in the last five years were selected. The review showed a risk correlation and a higher incidence of dementia in treated patients. The risk ratio, when compared to other medicines, approached 1.20. In conclusion, it was identified the need for clinical trials with higher sampling power to increase relational significance due to the high prevalence of BPH and the extensive use of tamsulosin in elderly patients with the disease.
Modern Treatment Methods of Heart Failure
Authors: Eyubova UA
Published: November 2020

Modern methods of treatment of heart include, first of all, pathogenetic therapy and modern methods of treatment. Complete pathogenetic treatment has been achieved after the use of sacubitril / valsartan which is neprilysin inhibitor, whose use has been initiated in recent years. According to data provided in 2017, 26 million people worldwide suffer from heart failure.
Re-Print- The effect of cost and reimbursement on treatment choice
Authors: Gurewich Victor
Published: November 2020

Treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) alone since 1987, at an original cost of $2,000 which has risen to $5,000. Over the past decade tPA has been replaced by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), an invasive, more time-consuming hospital procedure. The mortality results of the two treatments were similar, but the PCI cost and reimbursement are at least 5-fold higher. At the time, another fibrinolytic regimen was developed which is more effective, but it was ignored, and PCI continued to be the treatment choice and major source of revenue.
Prevalence of different type of valvular heart disease and other cardiac pathologies of the heart in high risk patients with suspicion of heart failure. A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Waleed Madeeha
Published: November 2020

Background: Valvular heart disease and other cardiac pathologies are associated with impending heart failure. An early diagnosis of these can help prevent the disabling ad disastrous effects and improve the prognosis. Aim: The prevalence of various pathologies associated with heart failure is not known. This study helps in recognizing various pathologies that can lead to heart failure, which if diagnosed early can improve the patient’s outcome. Materials and Methods: A total of 4560 patients were included in the study. All the patients were aged greater than 15 years. Patients with suspicion of heart failure on symptoms were ordered echocardiography. Transthoracic echo was done using echocardiography ultrasound machine using the British Society of Echocardiography guidelines. Echocardiography was done by registered sonologists. Echocardiograph were later read by cardiologists. Data was collected on Excel sheet. Echocardiographic results Of 9 690 patients, were admitted to the hospital during the year 2013 to year 2017 with the suspicion of heart failure based on symptoms echocardiogram was ordered. Among these 2448 patients had normal echocardiographic findings were as 4560 had valvular disease. Among the valvular disease patients 2951(64.71%) were females and 1609(35.2%) were males. Among these 2950(64.6%) had mild valvular disease 959(21.0%) had moderate valvular disease and 651(14.2) patients had severe valvular disease. Mitral stenosis occurred in 1200(26.3%) patients, mitral regurgitation in 2953(64.7%) patients, tricuspid stenosis in 40 (0.008%)patients ,tricuspid regurgitation in 1592(34.8%) patients, aortic stenosis in 81 (0.017%) patients and aortic regurgitation in 1957(42.9%) patients. Ischemic cardiomyopathy was present in 24 patients, dilated cardiomyopathy in 14 patients, rheumatic heart disease in 23 patients, ventricular septum defect in 5 patients ,Atrial septum defect in 2 patients , Apical aneurysm formation in 4 patients, Uremic cardiomyopathy on 3 patients, Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction in 2200 patients, Grade 3 diastolic dysfunction in 400 patients, Bicuspid aortic valve in 5 patients and restrictive cardiomyopathy in two patients, 1100 patients had a thin rim of pericardial effusion and were ordered Thyroid function tests. Conclusion: In the community heart failure is a common cause of death. Various pathologies of the heart are predictors of the outcome and hence early diagnosis can help in proper treatment and increased survival
A valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation with commissural alignment using advanced imaging reconstruction: a case report
Authors: Angelillis Marco
Published: November 2020

Transcatheter valve in valve (ViV) implantation actually represents a valid alternative to surgical reinterventions in patients with previous surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR). In patients less than 80 years old, it is crucial to correctly position the new valve leaving a feasible and easy access to coronary ostia, both for future percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than for a future possible TAVinTAV procedure. We report a 71 year old man with prior AVR presented with structural valve deterioration (SVD) leading to severe aortic stenosis. In order to guarantee comfortable coronary access we aligned, the commissures of the new percutaneous valve with the ones of the surgical bioprothesis by reconstructing the headframes of the surgical bioprosthesis with computer tomography (CT) and fluoro-CT.