bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microclimate of Urban Canopy Layer and Outdoor Thermal Comfort: A Case Study in Pavlou Mela, Thessaloniki
Authors: Skoufali Ioanna , Battisti Alessandra
Published: July 2019

The present study is based on the assumption that the urban heat island (UHI) mitigation appears compelling and urgent in dense cities. To the above thematic area, recent redevelopmental interventions of open space for the microclimatic improvement and thermal comfort have been made through national and international programs at neighborhood scale (local area). One of these recovery processes is the case study of Pavlou Mela in the Greek context, which in the present discussion, focuses on the microspecific investigation through quantitative analysis of the eleven points distributed in the area of the intervention, extrapolating comparative considerations of different configurative factors post-operam. The results of this analysis tend: (i) To identify the degree of accuracy of the two most applied software packages in the scientific community (ENVImet Pro and Rayman Pro) through microclimatic parameters, namely air temperature (Ta) and surface temperature (Ts) comparing them with in-situ measurements; (ii) to evaluate the thermal sensation of man correlated with the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) by verifying the actual improvement of thermal comfort outdoor with the index, physiologically equivalent temperature (PET).
Testing the Symmetric Assumption of Complementary Relationship: A Comparison between the Linear and Nonlinear Advection-Aridity Models in a Large Ephemeral Lake
Authors: Gan Guojing , Liu Yuanbo , Pan Xin , Zhao Xiaosong , Li Mei , Wang Shigang
Published: July 2019

The accuracy of a complementary relationship (CR) evapotranspiration (ET) model depends on how to parameterize the relationship between apparent potential ET and actual ET as the land surface changes from wet to dry. Yet, the validity of its inherent symmetric assumption of the original CR framework, i.e., the B value equal to one, is controversial. In this study, we conduct a comparative study between a linear, symmetric version (B = 1) and a nonlinear, asymmetric version (B is not necessarily equal to 1) of the advection-aridity (AA) CR model in a large ephemeral lake, which experiences dramatic changes in surface/atmosphere humidity. The results show that B was typically 1.1 ± 1.4 when ET ≤ ETPT ≤ ETPM, where ETPM and ETPT are estimated using the Penman (PM) and Priestley–Taylor (PT) equations, respectively; the AA model performed reasonably well in this case. However, the value of B can be negative and deviate from 1 significantly if the inequality ET ≤ ETPT ≤ ETPM is violated, which is quite common in humid environments. Because the actual ET can be negatively (B > 0) or positively (B < 0) related to the evaporative demand of the air, the nonlinear AA model generally performs better than the AA model if ET ≤ ETPM is satisfied. Although B is not significantly correlated with the atmospheric relative humidity (RH), both models, especially the nonlinear AA model, resulted in negative biases when ET > ETPM, which generally occur at high RH conditions. Both the linear and the nonlinear AA models performed better under higher water level conditions, however, our study highlights the need for higher-order (≥3) polynomial functions when CR models are applied in humid environments.
Efficacy of Spent Lime as a Soil Amendment for Nutrient Retention in Bioretention Green Stormwater Infrastructure
Authors: Shrestha Paliza , Salzl Michael T. , Jimenez Ivan J. , Pradhan Nelish , Hay Megan , Wallace Hannah R. , Abrahamson Jenna N. , Small Gaston E.
Published: July 2019

The composition of bioretention soil media (BSM) is among the most critical design attributes contributing to the water quality performance of bioretention systems, as various amendments may increase the capacity for chemical sorption of certain nutrient pollutants. We investigated the spent lime (a calcium-based water treatment residual) as BSM amendments for nutrient retention. The study was conducted in two parts: the first was a field-based mesocosm experiment in which we assessed the effect of spent lime amendments on leachate nutrient concentration for treatments receiving different levels of phosphorus and nitrogen loading (simulated by different levels of compost added to the substrate). The second was a laboratory study comparing various levels of spent lime and coir on leachate nutrient concentration at two different simulated loading rates. Effluent water was collected and analyzed for PO43−, NH4+ and NO3− concentrations in the field and lab. Spent lime significantly reduced leachate PO43− concentrations (upwards of 50%) in both the field and lab mesocosm studies compared to treatments without spent lime. Reductions in NH4+ concentrations were also observed due to spent lime but with variable significance across the different compost levels, whereas NO3− concentrations were higher in plots with spent lime than plots without spent lime. In the lab, columns with coir had significantly higher leachate PO43− concentrations compared to spent lime-treated columns, however, leachate NH4+ and NO3− concentrations did not significantly differ between treatments at the same compost levels. This study shows that spent lime, which is a waste product, is effective in significantly reducing leachate PO43− concentrations from BSM, while be a cost-effective substitute to engineered proprietary media that is expensive to acquire; however, future studies must also evaluate its potential for clogging.
Making Steppingstones out of Stumbling Blocks: A Bayesian Model Evidence Estimator with Application to Groundwater Transport Model Selection
Authors: Elshall Ahmed S. , Ye Ming
Published: July 2019

Bayesian model evidence (BME) is a measure of the average fit of a model to observation data given all the parameter values that the model can assume. By accounting for the trade-off between goodness-of-fit and model complexity, BME is used for model selection and model averaging purposes. For strict Bayesian computation, the theoretically unbiased Monte Carlo based numerical estimators are preferred over semi-analytical solutions. This study examines five BME numerical estimators and asks how accurate estimation of the BME is important for penalizing model complexity. The limiting cases for numerical BME estimators are the prior sampling arithmetic mean estimator (AM) and the posterior sampling harmonic mean (HM) estimator, which are straightforward to implement, yet they result in underestimation and overestimation, respectively. We also consider the path sampling methods of thermodynamic integration (TI) and steppingstone sampling (SS) that sample multiple intermediate distributions that link the prior and the posterior. Although TI and SS are theoretically unbiased estimators, they could have a bias in practice arising from numerical implementation. For example, sampling errors of some intermediate distributions can introduce bias. We propose a variant of SS, namely the multiple one-steppingstone sampling (MOSS) that is less sensitive to sampling errors. We evaluate these five estimators using a groundwater transport model selection problem. SS and MOSS give the least biased BME estimation at an efficient computational cost. If the estimated BME has a bias that covariates with the true BME, this would not be a problem because we are interested in BME ratios and not their absolute values. On the contrary, the results show that BME estimation bias can be a function of model complexity. Thus, biased BME estimation results in inaccurate penalization of more complex models, which changes the model ranking. This was less observed with SS and MOSS as with the three other methods.
Determination of Budesonide and Sulfasalazine in Water and Wastewater Samples Using DLLME-SFO-HPLC-UV Method
Authors: Hryniewicka Marta , Starczewska Barbara , Gołębiewska Agnieszka
Published: July 2019

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO) was applied to isolate budesonide (BUD) and sulfasalazine (SULF) from aqueous samples. The effects of different parameters on the efficiency on the extraction such as type of extrahent and dispersive solvent, ionic strength, pH of sample, and centrifugation time were investigated. Moreover, the influence of foreign substances on a studied process was tested. The calibration curves were recorded. The linearity ranges for BUD and SULF were 0.022–8.611 µg mL−1 and 0.020–7.968 µg mL−1 with the limit of detection (LOD) 0.011 µg mL−1 and 0.012 µg mL−1, respectively. The enrichment factors (EF) for two analytes were high: for BUD it was 145.7 and for SULF, 119.5. The elaborated procedure was applied for HPLC-UV determination of these analytes in water and wastewater samples.
A 1-Dimensional Sympagic–Pelagic–Benthic Transport Model (SPBM): Coupled Simulation of Ice, Water Column, and Sediment Biogeochemistry, Suitable for Arctic Applications
Authors: Yakubov Shamil , Wallhead Philip , Protsenko Elizaveta , Yakushev Evgeniy , Pakhomova Svetlana , Brix Holger
Published: July 2019

Marine biogeochemical processes can strongly interact with processes occurring in adjacent ice and sediments. This is especially likely in areas with shallow water and frequent ice cover, both of which are common in the Arctic. Modeling tools are therefore required to simulate coupled biogeochemical systems in ice, water, and sediment domains. We developed a 1D sympagic–pelagic–benthic transport model (SPBM) which uses input from physical model simulations to describe hydrodynamics and ice growth and modules from the Framework for Aquatic Biogeochemical Models (FABM) to construct a user-defined biogeochemical model. SPBM coupled with a biogeochemical model simulates the processes of vertical diffusion, sinking/burial, and biogeochemical transformations within and between the three domains. The potential utility of SPBM is demonstrated herein with two test runs using modules from the European regional seas ecosystem model (ERSEM) and the bottom-redox model biogeochemistry (BROM-biogeochemistry). The first run simulates multiple phytoplankton functional groups inhabiting the ice and water domains, while the second simulates detailed redox biogeochemistry in the ice, water, and sediments. SPBM is a flexible tool for integrated simulation of ice, water, and sediment biogeochemistry, and as such may help in producing well-parameterized biogeochemical models for regions with strong sympagic–pelagic–benthic interactions.
Measuring adherence to therapy in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension: a feasibility study in Irish primary care
Authors: Hayes Peter , Casey Monica , Glynn Liam G , Molloy Gerard J , Durand Hannah , O’Brien Eoin , Dolan Eamon , Das Kishor , Newell John , Finn David , Harhen Brendan , Conneely Ann , Murphy Andrew W
Published: July 2019

Background

Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) is defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in patients taking three or more antihypertensive medications. Some patients will have true treatment-resistant hypertension, some undiagnosed secondary hypertension, while others have pseudo-resistance. Pseudo-resistance occurs when non-adherence to medication, white-coat hypertension (WCH), lifestyle, and inadequate drug dosing are responsible for the poorly controlled BP.

Aim

To examine the feasibility of establishing non-adherence to medication, for the first time in primary care, using mass spectrometry urine analysis. Operationalisation would be established by at least 50% of patients participating and 95% of samples being suitable for analysis. Clinical importance would be confirmed by >10% of patients being non-adherent.

Design and setting

Eligible patients with aTRH (n = 453) in 15 university research-affiliated Irish general practices were invited to participate.

Method

Participants underwent mass spectrometry urine analysis to test adherence and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) to examine WCH.

Results

Of the eligible patients invited, 52% (n = 235) participated. All 235 urine samples (100%) were suitable for analysis: 174 (74%) patients were fully adherent, 56 (24%) partially adherent, and five (2%) fully non-adherent to therapy. A total of 206 patients also had ABPM, and in total 92 (45%) were categorised as pseudo-resistant. No significant associations were found between adherence status and patient characteristics or drug class.

Conclusion

In patients with aTRH, the authors have established that it is feasible to examine non-adherence to medications using mass spectrometry urine analysis. One in four patients were found to be partially or fully non-adherent. Further research on how to incorporate this approach into individual patient consultations and its associated cost-effectiveness is now appropriate.
Procedimiento Penal Inmediato para el Delito de Feminicidio: Caso Bolivia
Authors: Suárez La Fuente Estefanía
Published: July 2019

La problemática de la violencia contra la mujer es un fenómeno que alarma a toda la sociedad, y lo que es peor, se tornó en un fenómeno en constante crecimiento, al no contar Bolivia con una normativa legal procesal eficiente y efectiva. El objetivo principal fue proponer un procedimiento penal inmediato, efectivo y sumario para los casos de feminicidio. La metodología estuvo orientada bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, el método empleado fue de análisis – síntesis y descriptivo de la información. Como resultados se establecido que lo más óptimo es la aplicación de un procedimiento inmediato, expedito, sumario y efectivo en delitos de feminicidio en los siguientes casos: Primero, cuando haya existido una relación de afectividad o intimidad, sea ésta con el cónyuge, conviviente, enamoramiento o en relación de pareja y se demuestre, por cualquier medio, que haya existido cualquier tipo de violencia previa, sin necesidad de sentencia ejecutoriada y segundo, cuando hayan mantenido relaciones sexuales consentidas o no previamente al hecho.
Justicia comunitaria dentro la justicia ordinaria y su naturaleza en el resguardo de los derechos humanos
Authors: Gonzales Isidro Iván
Published: July 2019

La Justicia Comunitaria, tiene competencia para administrar justicia a través de sus autoridades, resolver conflictos o problemas en base a sus usos y costumbres, normas y procedimientos. El objetivo fue proponer la implementación de una norma que resguarde los derechos humanos de los Pueblos indígena originarios campesinos de Bolivia basado en el Convenio 169 sobre Pueblos Indígenas y Tribales. En el desarrollo de este estudio se usaron distintos métodos para el abordaje y tratamiento de las fuentes de información. El método inductivo permitió obtener de la experiencia específica de una o dos comunidades; también el deductivo, método histórico, método etnológico, método exegético, método de análisis y síntesis. Para finalizar existe la necesidad de implementar la justicia comunitaria dentro la justicia ordinaria sin necesidad de desvirtuar la naturaleza de los usos y costumbres de la justicia comunitaria en resguardo de los derechos humanos, ya que no se cuenta con un tratamiento adecuado, en la aplicación de las convenciones sobre derechos humanos.
- PENGARUH MARKET VALUE ADDED, RETURN ON ASSETSDAN RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANGTERDAFTARDI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2013 – 2017
Authors: Liza Maiya
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of Market Value Added, Return On Assets and Return On Equity on stock prices. The research object of property and real estate companies is 48 companies. Based on the purposive sampling method, a sample of 15 companies was obtained. The research method uses the classic assumption test and multiple linear analysis. The results of the study show that (1) Market Value Added has an effect on stock prices, because if the company has a higher stock market value than book value it is considered capable of creating wealth for shareholders. (2) Return On Asset does not affect stock prices, because the research sample has a low Return On Asset value, which is caused by a less significant increase in profit compared to an increase in assets. (3) Return On Equity does not affect stock prices, because if the company manages capital well then it can generate profits.
Exploring the Overlap Between Procedural-Justice Principles and Emotion Regulation in the Courtroom
Authors: Leben Steve
Published: July 2019

Extensive research shows that adherence to procedural-justice principles by law-enforcement officers and judges leads to greater compliance with orders, a greater sense of the legitimacy, and greater overall satisfaction. The main principles leading to positive views of procedural justice in this research are voice (allowing participants to be heard), neutrality (applying neutral rules transparently), respect (treating participants with dignity while respecting their rights), and trustworthiness (appearing sincere and caring). Separate research on emotion regulation suggests ways in which judges may successfully regulate their own emotions and those of other courtroom participants. Several threads in these separate fields suggest potential overlap and areas for further research. There are many ways in which good procedural-justice practices are also recommended practices for emotion regulation. Scholars in the emerging emotion-regulation field could gain greater awareness of their work by exploring ties to procedural justice, which is more often being included in judicial education.
ANALISIS POLA DISTRIBUSI USAHA TELUR IKAN TERBANG DI KECAMATAN GALESONG KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: HERDIANA HERDIANA
Published: July 2019

This study aims to (1) Identify the distribution patterns of flying fish eggs in Takalar District, (2) Analyze the profit and marketing margins of flying fish egg marketing institutions, (3) Analyze and identify distribution problems in the flying fish egg marketing agency.     This research was conducted in the village of Palalakan, Galesong District, Takalar District. Data was collected through observation and structured and in-depth interviews with the samples selected by purposive sampling on 43 respondents consisting of 30 patriotic fishermen, 10 Papalele, 2 collecting traders and 1 exporter using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis (margin formula, profit) and Fishbone analysis.     The results of the study show that (1) The distribution pattern of flying fish eggs is one-way in accordance with co-workers where fishermen market to papalele, papalele to collectors, and collector traders to exporters (2) Exporters have greater margins and profits than other institutions which are Rp.50,000 per kilogram, (3) The results of the fishbon analysis show that the distribution pattern of flying fish eggs shows that patoranist fishermen are people who do not have big profits because they do not have full power in determining prices due to the inability of fishermen to finance their own business capital loans from other institutions especially to papalele, so there needs to be a change in the pattern of distribution and the involvement of the government to help patoranist fishermen so they can have their own capital so that they do not depend on other business institutions
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN UMKM DI KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: ARTINI NI RAI
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of variables of capital and labor on MSME income in Tabanan Regency. This study uses 95 respondents spread across 10 Districts of Tabanan Regency, then the data are analyzed using multiple linear regression.     The results of the analysis simultaneously show that the variables of capital and labor have a significant effect on MSME income in Tabanan Regency. While the results of the partial analysis of the variables of capital and labor have a real influence on the income of MSMEs in Tabanan Regency. Capital is the dominant variable that affects income, the higher the capital will increase the amount of additional production so as to increase income. Likewise with labor, the more labor, the production will also increase
Enseñanza de la Bioética en la Educación Universitaria
Authors: Llacsa Soto León
Published: July 2019

Se revisa el tema, considerado al inicio como ética, y su realidad académica en la Universidad Se fundamenta la necesidad de la enseñanza de la bioética, su desarrollo, en todas las profesiones y no sólo en salud. Que su objetivo, es generar conocimientos, aprendizajes, reflexiones, actitudes y comportamiento ético sociales. En su metodología resalta el aprendizaje basado en problemas, por favorecer el razonamiento ético, cambio de actitudes y trabajo en equipo; los Seminarios y los estudios de caso como más usados. Se concluye que en la universidad es imprescindible la formación en bioética para mejorar la calidad educativa, promover comportamientos éticos con sentido, personal, profesional y social; que el aprendizaje basado en problemas, seminarios, estudio de casos, entre otros, permiten   aprendizajes que respetan, valores, derechos, democracia y ambiente. Así mismo que la responsabilidad social de la calidad educativa es función de la gestión institucional y de sus actores.
ABSORPTION ELEMENT OF STANDARD MALAY WORD IN IBAN LANGUAGE AND SARAWAK MALAY DIALECT
Authors: Yahya Sawek Radna Wismawati Muhibah
Published: July 2019

Absorption patterns that occur in Iban (BI) and Sarawak Dialect (DMS), are taken in by only adjusting sound and spelling as to match the sound and pronunciation of the mother tongue. Most of the original words in BI and DMS are entered through the absorption method. Because of the absorption element, many changes involved in the integration of the Standard Malay word into BI and DMS. Hence, this study aims to identify the factor of the absorption element of the Standard Malay word that facilitates the integration of the source language into the recipient language. This study which applies the framework of language contact theory introduced by Weinreich in 1953, is a complete quantitative study using questionnaires on Malay and Ibantrainee teachers in Sarawak. The data show that 100% (234) of respondents agreed with the language that serves as a symbol of belonging would raise a strong interest among the immigrants to use the standard language. This situation resulted from language absorption that has led to language integration. This finding shows that the absorption element which already listed in the recipient language dictionary, indicating the element has been integrated. In conclusion, the adaptation of the language elements absorbed into the BI and DMS as the recipient language has actually undergone an integration process over a long period of time. As a result of this process, the addition of vocabulary occurs when the insertion of absorption into the recipient language dictionary accepted as the original word.
The Indo-European Voice of Barbarians
Authors: Bâgiu Lucian Vasile , Bâgiu Paraschiva
Published: July 2019

In our essay we shall focus on the analyses (cum grano salis) of a limited number of words from the introductory pages of the novel Barbarians (such as gorgan, grui, crap, fală, sfadă, etc.). Here, more than elsewhere the author makes use of a good amount of rather strange words in his stylistic attempt to conceive the realm of the Dacians. We shall make an analysis of the etymology of these rather uncommon words as designated in Vinereanu's Etymological Dictionary of Romanian Language (2008) (unlike the traditional Romanian dictionaries, a different vision). From the (probable) linguistic discrepancies and stylistic preferences, findings will be drawn and novelties will be suggested, concerned with Romanian language and culture.
Asupan protein dan somatotype pada atlet pencak silat di Pembinaan Atlet Berbakat Yogyakarta
Authors: Agustin Yeni , Indra Eka Novita , Afriani Yuni
Published: July 2019

Latar belakang: Pencak silat sebagai aktivitas jasmani merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga yang populer dan berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Kombinasi latihan yang intensif dan asupan gizi yang tepat dapat membentuk morfologi tubuh atlet menjadi lebih baik. Atlet dengan struktur antropometri atau somatotype dan komposisi tubuh yang sesuai dengan cabang olahraganya cenderung menunjukkan perfoma olahraga yang lebih baik. Pengaturan diet yang tepat dapat meningkatkan performa atlet. Asupan protein yang cukup dapat menunjang performa atlet. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran asupan protein dan somatotype pada atlet pencak silat di Pembinaan Atlet Berbakat (PAB) Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh atlet pencak silat yang terdaftar dan aktif di PAB Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 40 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah timbangan, microtoice, skinfold caliper, spreading caliper, pita LILA, form recall 3x24 jam, dan informed consent. Data dianalisis menggunakan software statistik secara deskriptif. Hasil: Rata-rata asupan protein pada atlet pencak silat di PAB Yogyakarta adalah 92,89±30,30. Sebanyak 16 orang (40%) kategori kurang, 16 orang (40%) kategori baik dan sebanyak 8 orang (20 %) kategori lebih. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran somatotype, sebanyak 2 orang (5%) kategori central, 14 orang (35%) kategori balance-ectomorph, 7 orang (17.5%) kategori endomorphic ectomorph, 15 orang (37.5%) kategori ectomorphic endomorph dan 2 orang (5%) kategori mesomorph. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar atlet pencak silat di PAB Yogyakarta memiliki asupan protein yang belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Somatotype atlet sebagian besar memiliki kategori ectomorphic endomorph.
Kajian sifat fsik dan serat pangan pada gѐblek substitusi daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Meiyana Klara Tri , Dewi Devillya Puspita , Kadaryati Sri
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang : Penyakit degeneratif menduduki urutan utama sebagai penyebab kematian di Kulon Progo. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penyakit degeneratif dilakukan melalui pemberian makanan tinggi serat. Tepung daun kelor memiliki kandungan serat pangan yang tinggi. Pencampuran tepung daun kelor dalam pembuatan geblek diharapkan meningkatkan kadar serat pangan pada geblek. Namun hal ini juga dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik geblek, sehingga perlu diketahui vasiasi substitusi yang sesuai. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh variasi substitusi tepung daun kelor terhadap sifat fisik dan kadar serat pangan geblek. Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional. Geblek dibuat dengan empat variasi, yaitu pencampuran tepung daun kelor sebanyak 0% (A), 5% (B), 7,5% (C), 10% (D). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Februari 2017. Pembuatan geblek dan uji sifat fisik dilakukan di Laboratorium Dietetik/Gizi Universitas Respati Yogyakarta. Sifat fisik geblek diamati secara subjektif pada warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur. Pengujian kadar serat pangan menggunakan metode enzimatis di Laboratorium Chem-mix Pratama Yogyakarta. Data disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil : Semakin banyak pencampuran tepung daun kelor pada geblek menyebabkan warna geblek semakin hijau, aroma semakin khas daun kelor (langu), rasa semakin khas daun kelor (sepat), dan tekstur semakin kehilangan kekenyalannya. Semakin banyak tepung daun kelor menyebabkan kadar serat geblek semakin tinggi. Serat pangan tertinggi pada geblek D yaitu 14,02%. Kesimpulan : Substitusi tepung daun kelor berpegaruh  sifat fisik dan meningkatkan serat pangan geblek.
Hubungan aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pasien penyakit jantung koroner
Authors: Anakonda Selviana , Widiany Fery Lusviana , Inayah Inayah
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular dengan prevalensi tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner adalah kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Upaya untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah diantaranya dengan mengendalikan kebiasaan makan dan melakukan latihan aerobik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pada pasien PJK. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian melibatkan 79 responden yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien penyakit jantung koroner rawat jalan yang bersedia menjadi responden, laki-laki berusia ≥ 45 tahun dan perempuan berusia ≥ 55 tahun. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien PJK yang mengonsumsi herbal atau ramuan dari luar rumah sakit untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Data dianalisis dengan software statistik menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden yang tidak beraktivitas olahraga mempunyai kadar kolesterol normal (70,9%). Ada hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar koleterol (p=0,051) dengan α=10%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pada pasien PJK di Poliklinik Jantung RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul.
Pengaruh edukasi stunting menggunakan metode brainstorming dan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan ibu dengan anak stunting
Authors: Wahyurin Izka Sofiyya , Aqmarina Arfiyanti Nur , Rahmah Hiya Alfi , Hasanah Ade Uswatun , Silaen Christy Nataly Br
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh untuk mencapai pertumbuhan normal yang diakibatkan oleh status gizi kurang dalam periode waktu lama. Pencegahan serta penanganan stunting dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu yang memiliki anak stunting agar tidak berlanjut pada anak selanjutnya. Pemberian edukasi pada ibu dapat dilakukan menggunakan metode brainstorming dan audiovisual. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian edukasi dengan metode brainstorming dan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang stunting di Desa Gununglurah, Cilongok, Kabupaten Banyumas. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah quasy experimental with time series design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 34 ibu yang memiliki balita stunting. Data pengetahuan ibu mengenai stunting dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner pretest dan posttest. Pemberian edukasi gizi mengenai stunting dilakukan dengan metode brainstorming (curah pendapat) menggunakan alat bantu leaflet. Pemberian edukasi gizi mengenai stunting dengan metode audiovisual dilakukan menggunakan film ilustrasi. Hasil: Rerata skor pengetahuan ibu pada saat pretest adalah 6,44±1,65 sedangkan skor pada saat posttest naik menjadi 7,38±1,76. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji beda Wilcoxon menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu mengenai stunting pada waktu sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi (p=0,009). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan ibu yang signifikan mengenai stunting pada waktu sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi gizi dengan metode brainstorming dan audiovisual.
Norbornadiene-functionalized triazatriangulenium and trioxatriangulenium platforms
Authors: Löw Roland , Rusch Talina , Moje Tobias , Röhricht Fynn , Magnussen Olaf M , Herges Rainer
Published: July 2019

Triazatriangulenium (TATA) and trioxatriangulenium (TOTA) ions are particularly suited systems to mount functional molecules onto atomically flat surfaces such as Au(111). The TATA and TOTA units serve as platforms that absorb onto the surface and form ordered monolayers, while the functional groups are protruding upright and freestanding from the central carbon atoms. Azobenzene derivatized TATA’s are known to exhibit extremely fast cis→trans isomerization on metal surfaces, via a peculiar non-adiabatic singlet→triplet→singlet mechanism. We now prepared norbornadienes (NBD) and quadricyclanes (QC) attached to TATA and TOTA platforms which can be used to check if these accelerated rates and the spin change mechanism also apply to [2 + 2] cycloreversions (QC→NBD).
Dealing With δ-Scuti Variables: Transit Light Curve Analysis of Planets Orbiting Rapidly Rotating, Seismically Active A/F Stars
Authors: Ahlers John P. , Barnes Jason W. , Myers Samuel A.
Published: July 2019

We measure the bulk system parameters of the seismically active, rapidly rotating δ-Scuti KOI-976 and constrain the orbit geometry of its transiting binary companion using a combined approach of asteroseismology and gravity-darkening light curve analysis. KOI-976 is a 1.62 ± 0.2 M
⊙ star with a measured v sin(i) of 120 ± 2 km s−1 and seismically induced variable signal that varies by ∼0.6% of the star’s total photometric brightness. We take advantage of the star’s oblate shape and seismic activity to perform three measurements of its obliquity angle relative to the plane of the sky. We first apply a rotational splitting theory to the star’s variable signal observed in short-cadence Kepler photometry to constrain KOI-976's obliquity angle, and then subtract off variability from that data set using the linear algorithm for significance reduction software LASR. We perform gravity-darkened fits to Kepler variability-subtracted short-cadence photometry and to Kepler’s phase-folded long-cadence photometry to obtain two more measurements of the star’s obliquity. We find that the binary system transits in a grazing configuration with measured obliquity values of 36° ± 17°, 46° ± 16°, and 43° ± 20°, respectively, for the three measurements. We perform these analyses as a way to demonstrate overcoming the challenges high-mass stars can present to transit light curve fitting and to prepare for the large number of exoplanets that the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite will discover orbiting A/F stars.
Characterizing K2 Candidate Planetary Systems Orbiting Low-mass Stars. IV. Updated Properties for 86 Cool Dwarfs Observed during Campaigns 1–17
Authors: Dressing Courtney D. , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin , Schlieder Joshua E. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Vanderburg Andrew , Feinstein Adina D. , Duvvuri Girish M. , Arnold Lauren , Bristow Makennah , Thackeray Beverly , Abrahams Ellianna Schwab , Ciardi David R. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Yu Liang , Martinez Arturo O. , Christiansen Jessie L. , Crepp Justin R. , Isaacson Howard
Published: July 2019

We present revised stellar properties for 172 K2 target stars that were identified as possible hosts of transiting planets during Campaigns 1–17. Using medium-resolution near-infrared spectra acquired with the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility/SpeX and Palomar/TripleSpec, we found that 86 of our targets were bona fide cool dwarfs, 74 were hotter dwarfs, and 12 were giants. Combining our spectroscopic metallicities with Gaia parallaxes and archival photometry, we derived photometric stellar parameters and compared them to our spectroscopic estimates. Although our spectroscopic and photometric radius and temperature estimates are consistent, our photometric mass estimates are systematically ΔM
⋆ = 0.11 M
⊙ (34%) higher than our spectroscopic mass estimates for the least massive stars (M
⋆,phot < 0.4 M
⊙). Adopting the photometric parameters and comparing our results to parameters reported in the Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog, our revised stellar radii are ΔR
⋆ = 0.15 R
⊙ (40%) larger, and our revised stellar effective temperatures are roughly ΔT
eff = 65 K cooler. Correctly determining the properties of K2 target stars is essential for characterizing any associated planet candidates, estimating the planet search sensitivity, and calculating planet occurrence rates. Even though Gaia parallaxes have increased the power of photometric surveys, spectroscopic characterization remains essential for determining stellar metallicities and investigating correlations between stellar metallicity and planetary properties.
Toward a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes. I. Framework and a Split Monopole Example
Authors: Huang Lei , Pan Zhen , Yu Cong
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we construct a framework for investigating the magnetohydrodynamical jet structure of spinning black holes (BHs), where electromagnetic fields and fluid motion are governed by the Grad–Shafranov equation and the Bernoulli equation, respectively. Assuming steady and axisymmetric jet structure, we can self-consistently obtain electromagnetic fields, fluid energy density, and velocity within the jet, given proper plasma loading and boundary conditions. Specifically, we structure the two coupled governing equations as two eigenvalue problems, and develop full numerical techniques for solving them. As an example, we explicitly solve the governing equations for the split monopole magnetic field configuration and simplified plasma loading on the stagnation surface where the poloidal fluid velocity vanishes. As expected, we find the rotation of magnetic field lines is dragged down by fluid inertia, and the fluid as a whole does not contribute to energy extraction from the central BH, i.e., the magnetic Penrose process is not working. However, if we decompose the charged fluid as two oppositely charged components, we find the magnetic Penrose process does work for one of the two components when the plasma loading is low enough.
Spatially Resolved Water Emission from Gravitationally Lensed Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 3
Authors: Jarugula Sreevani , Vieira Joaquin D. , Spilker Justin S. , Apostolovski Yordanka , Aravena Manuel , Béthermin Matthieu , Breuck Carlos de , Chen Chian-Chou , Cunningham Daniel J. M. , Dong Chenxing , Greve Thomas , Hayward Christopher C. , Hezaveh Yashar , Litke Katrina C. , Mangian Amelia C , Narayanan Desika , Phadke Kedar , Reuter Cassie A. , Werf Paul Van der , Weiss Axel
Published: July 2019

Water (H2O), one of the most ubiquitous molecules in the universe, has bright millimeter-wave emission lines that are easily observed at high redshift with the current generation of instruments. The low-excitation transition of H2O,

(ν
rest = 987.927 GHz), is known to trace the far-infrared (FIR) radiation field independent of the presence of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) over many orders of magnitude in FIR luminosity (

). This indicates that this transition arises mainly due to star formation. In this paper, we present spatially (∼0.″5 corresponding to ∼1 kiloparsec) and spectrally resolved (∼100 kms−1) observations of

in a sample of four strong gravitationally lensed high-redshift galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. In addition to increasing the sample of luminous (>1012
L
⊙) galaxies observed with H2O, this paper examines the

relation on resolved scales for the first time at high redshift. We find that

is correlated with

on both global and resolved kiloparsec scales within the galaxy in starbursts and AGN with average

. We find that the scatter in the observed

relation does not obviously correlate with the effective temperature of the dust spectral energy distribution or the molecular gas surface density. This is a first step in developing

as a resolved star formation rate calibrator.
The Escape of the Hydrogen-rich Atmosphere of Exoplanets: Mass-loss Rates and the Absorption of Stellar Lyα
Authors: Yan Dongdong , Guo Jianheng
Published: July 2019

Because mass-loss rates are the function of the mean density of a planet and the stellar irradiation, we calculated about 450 models covering planets with different densities and stellar irradiation. Our results show that the mass-loss rates are dependent on the stellar irradiation and the mean density. However, the mass-loss rates predicted by the energy-limited equation are higher than those predicted by the hydrodynamic model when the integrated extreme ultraviolet flux is higher than ∼2 × 104 erg cm−2 s−1. The overestimation can be revised if the kinetic and thermal energies of the escaping atmosphere is included in the energy-limited equation. We found that the heating efficiencies are proportional to the product of the gravitational potential of the planet and the stellar irradiation. The mean absorption radii of stellar irradiation are 1.1–1.2 R

p
for Jupiter-like planets, while they vary in the range of 1.1–1.7 R

p
for planets with smaller sizes. We evaluated the absorption of stellar Lyα by the planetary atmosphere and found that the deeper Lyα absorptions tend to be located in the high stellar irradiation and low planetary mean density regions, and vice versa. Moreover, planets with mass-loss rates higher than 1011 g s−1 are likely to exhibit obvious absorptions. Finally, we suggest that the absorption levels are related to the inherent properties of exoplanets. The planets with larger sizes (or lower mean density) show strong Lyα absorptions. Neptune-like and Earth-like planets tend to have weak Lyα absorptions because of their small sizes (or high densities).
CO (J = 1–0) Observations toward Filamentary Molecular Clouds in the Galactic Region with l = [169.°75, 174.°75], b = [−0.°75, 0.°5]
Authors: Xiong Fang , Chen Xuepeng , Zhang Qizhou , Yang Ji , Fang Min , Zhang Miaomiao , Guo Weihua , Sun Li
Published: July 2019

We present observations of the CO isotopologues (12CO, 13CO, and C18O) toward the Galactic region with 169.°75 ≤ l ≤ 174.°75 and −0.°75 ≤ b ≤ 0.°5 using the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m millimeter-wavelength telescope. Based on the 13CO (J = 1 − 0) data, we find five molecular clouds within the velocity range between −25 and 8 km s−1 that are all characterized by conspicuous filamentary structures. We have identified eight filaments with a length of 6.38–28.45 pc, a mean H2 column density of 0.70 × 1021–6.53 × 1021 cm−2, and a line mass of 20.24–161.91 M
☉ pc−1, assuming a distance of ∼1.7 kpc. Gaussian fittings to the inner parts of the radial density profiles lead to a mean FWHM width of 1.13 ± 0.01 pc. The velocity structures of most filaments present continuous distributions with slight velocity gradients. We find that turbulence is the dominant internal pressure to support the fragmentation of filaments instead of thermal pressure. Most filaments have virial parameters smaller than 2; thus, they are gravitationally bound. Four filaments have an LTE line mass close to the virial line mass. We further extract dense clumps using the 13CO data and find that 64% of the clumps are associated with the filaments. According to the complementary IR data, most filaments have associated Class II young stellar objects. Class I objects are mainly found to be located in the filaments with a virial parameter close to 1. Within two virialized filaments, 12CO outflows have been detected, indicating ongoing star-forming activity therein.
An Adaptive Scheduling Tool to Optimize Measurements to Reach a Scientific Objective: Methodology and Application to Measurements of Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center
Authors: Hees A. , Dehghanfar A. , Do T. , Ghez A. M. , Martinez G. D. , Campbell R. , Lu J. R.
Published: July 2019

In various fields of physics and astronomy, access to experimental facilities or to telescopes is becoming more and more competitive and limited. It therefore becomes important to optimize the type of measurements and their scheduling to reach a given scientific objective and to increase the chances of success of a scientific project. In this communication, extending the work of Ford and of Loredo et al., we present an efficient adaptive scheduling tool aimed at prioritizing measurements in order to reach a scientific goal. The algorithm, based on the Fisher matrix, can be applied to a wide class of measurements. We present this algorithm in detail and discuss some practicalities such as systematic errors or measurement losses due to contingencies (such as weather, experimental failure, ...). As an illustration, we consider measurements of the short-period star S0-2 in our Galactic Center (GC). We show that the radial velocity measurements at the two turning points of the radial velocity curve are more powerful for detecting the gravitational redshift than measurements at the maximal relativistic signal. We also explicitly present the methodology that was used to plan measurements in order to detect the relativistic redshift considering systematics and possible measurement losses. For the future, we identify the astrometric turning points to be highly sensitive to the relativistic advance of the periastron. Finally, we also identify measurements particularly sensitive to the distance to our GC: the radial velocities around periastron and the astrometric measurements just before closest approach and at the maximal R.A. astrometric turning point.
The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors: The Galaxy Database and Cross-correlation Analysis of O vi Systems∗
Authors: Prochaska J. Xavier , Burchett Joseph N. , Tripp Todd M. , Werk Jessica K. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Howk J. Christopher , Lange Scott , Tejos Nicolas , Meiring Joseph D. , Tumlinson Jason , Lehner Nicolas , Ford Amanda B. , Davé Romeel
Published: July 2019

We describe the survey for galaxies in the fields surrounding nine sightlines to far-UV bright, z ∼ 1 quasars that define the COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors (CASBaH) program. The photometry and spectroscopy that comprise the data set come from a mixture of public surveys (SDSS, DECaLS) and our dedicated efforts on private facilities (Keck, MMT, LBT). We report the redshifts and stellar masses for 5902 galaxies within ≈10 comoving-Mpc of the sightlines with a median of

and

. This data set, publicly available as the CASBaH specDB, forms the basis of several recent and ongoing CASBaH analyses. Here, we perform a clustering analysis of the galaxy sample with itself (auto-correlation) and against the set of O vi absorption systems (cross-correlation) discovered in the CASBaH quasar spectra with column densities

. For each, we describe the measured clustering signal with a power-law correlation function

and find that

for the auto-correlation and

for galaxy–O vi cross-correlation. We further estimate a bias factor of

from the galaxy–galaxy auto-correlation, indicating the galaxies are hosted by halos with mass

. Finally, we estimate an O vi–galaxy bias factor

from the cross-correlation which is consistent with O vi absorbers being hosted by dark matter halos with typical mass

. Future works with upcoming data sets (e.g., CGM2) will improve upon these results and will assess whether any of the detected O vi arises in the intergalactic medium.
Asteroseismology of Red Clump Stars as a Probe of the Dark Matter Content of the Galaxy Central Region
Authors: Lopes José , Lopes Ilídio , Silk Joseph
Published: July 2019

The study of dark matter (DM) captured inside stars has proved to be a viable indirect search strategy complementary to other direct searches. However, in this context, only a fraction of the rich diversity of physics found in different types of stars has been explored, with most studies addressing main-sequence stars and, particularly, the Sun. In this work we focus instead on red clump stars, i.e., core helium-burning stars located in the red end of the horizontal branch. These stars, in some cases with L ≃ 102
L
⊙, can be observed throughout the galaxy and thus can give us insight into the DM conditions found in situ. We consider thermally produced DM particles in the mass range 4–10 GeV with spin-independent annihilation and scattering cross-sections that are close to the observational upper limits from direct detection experiments. Our results show that the evacuation of energy via DM interactions with baryons can cease convection in the central region of the star, which will have a measurable impact on the asteroseismology of the star. This result is particularly interesting for densities that are appropriate for stars within the central few parsecs of the Milky Way. We also explore the prospect of using these effects to study the content of DM in the Milky Way core.