bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma metabolite profile of legume consumption and future risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Margara-Escudero Hernando J. , Paz-Graniel Indira , García-Gavilán Jesús , Ruiz-Canela Miguel , Sun Qi , Clish Clary B. , Toledo Estefania , Corella Dolores , Estruch Ramón , Ros Emilio , Castañer Olga , Arós Fernando , Fiol Miquel , Guasch-Ferré Marta , Lapetra José , Razquin Cristina , Dennis Courtney , Deik Amy , Li Jun , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Babio Nancy , Martínez-González Miguel A. , Hu Frank B. , Salas-Salvadó Jordi
Published: January 2024

Background

Legume consumption has been linked to a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), while the potential association between plasma metabolites associated with legume consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases has never been explored. Therefore, we aimed to identify a metabolite signature of legume consumption, and subsequently investigate its potential association with the incidence of T2D and CVD.

Methods

The current cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis was conducted in 1833 PREDIMED study participants (mean age 67 years, 57.6% women) with available baseline metabolomic data. A subset of these participants with 1-year follow-up metabolomics data (n = 1522) was used for internal validation. Plasma metabolites were assessed through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Cross-sectional associations between 382 different known metabolites and legume consumption were performed using elastic net regression. Associations between the identified metabolite profile and incident T2D and CVD were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models.

Results

Specific metabolic signatures of legume consumption were identified, these included amino acids, cortisol, and various classes of lipid metabolites including diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, plasmalogens, sphingomyelins and other metabolites. Among these identified metabolites, 22 were negatively and 18 were positively associated with legume consumption. After adjustment for recognized risk factors and legume consumption, the identified legume metabolite profile was inversely associated with T2D incidence (hazard ratio (HR) per 1 SD: 0.75, 95% CI 0.61–0.94; p = 0.017), but not with CVD incidence risk (1.01, 95% CI 0.86–1.19; p = 0.817) over the follow-up period.

Conclusions

This study identified a set of 40 metabolites associated with legume consumption and with a reduced risk of T2D development in a Mediterranean population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Trial registration: ISRCTN35739639.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels as a candidate biomarker for withdrawal in crack heroin dependence
Authors: Charkhat Gorgich Enam Alhagh , Rigi Mohammad Gol , Fanaei Hamed , Parsaei Houman , Ghanbarzehi Abdolhakim
Published: January 2024

Background

Crack heroin is a novel opiate derivative with highly addictive properties and unfamiliar health consequences. It causes a variety of brain dysfunctions that are mediated by neurochemical alterations and abnormal neuroplasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a widely recognized biological marker implicated in the neuropathology of substance use during substance use disorder and withdrawal. Its involvement can significantly contribute to the severity of withdrawal symptoms. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate BDNF levels in crack heroin users before and after withdrawal.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 148 male participants were recruited and divided into two groups: persons with crack heroin use disorder (n = 74) and the controls (n = 74). The BDNF serum levels were measured in both crack heroin users and control groups upon hospitalization and again after twenty-one days of withdrawal using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

The results demonstrated that BDNF levels in persons with crack heroin use disorder upon admission were significantly lower than the levels observed upon discharge and in the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant difference in BDNF levels was found between persons with crack heroin use disorder at admission and discharge (p = 0.038). Furthermore, BDNF levels showed an inverse correlation with the daily dose of substance use (r= -0.420, p = 0.03) and the duration of crack heroin use (r= -0.235, p = 0.001).

Conclusions

A progressive increment in BDNF levels during early detoxification is associated with the daily amount of substance use and the duration of substance use. Our findings suggest that changes in BDNF serum levels during crack heroin use disorder and withdrawal could serve as potential biomarkers for assessing the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and substance use-related behaviors.
Emotional dysregulation and its pathways to suicidality in a community-based sample of adolescents
Authors: Mittermeier Sabrina , Seidel Alexandra , Scheiner Christin , Kleindienst Nikolaus , Romanos Marcel , Buerger Arne
Published: January 2024

Objective

Effective suicide prevention for adolescents is urgently needed but difficult, as suicide models lack a focus on age-specific influencing factors such as emotional dysregulation. Moreover, examined predictors often do not specifically consider the contribution to the severity of suicidality.

To determine which adolescents are at high risk of more severe suicidality, we examined the association between emotional dysregulation and severity of suicidality directly as well as indirectly via depressiveness and nonsuicidal self-injury.

Method

Adolescents from 18 high schools in Bavaria were included in this cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study as part of a larger prevention study. Data were collected between November 2021 and March 2022 and were analyzed from January 2023 to April 2023.

Students in the 6th or 7th grade of high school (11–14 years) were eligible to participate. A total of 2350 adolescents were surveyed and data from 2117 students were used for the analyses after excluding incomplete data sets. Our main outcome variable was severity of suicidality (Paykel Suicide Scale, PSS). Additionally, we assessed emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, DERS-SF), depressiveness (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) and nonsuicidal self-injury (Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, DSHI).

Results

In total, 2117 adolescents (51.6% female; mean age, 12.31 years [standard deviation: 0.67]) were included in the structural equation model (SEM). Due to a clear gender-specific influence, the model was calculated separately for male and female adolescents. For male adolescents, there was a significant indirect association between emotional dysregulation and severity of suicidality, mediated by depressiveness (β = 0.15, SE = .03, p = .008). For female adolescents, there was a significant direct path from emotional dysregulation to severity of suicidality and also indirect paths via depressiveness (β = 0.12, SE = .05, p = 0.02) and NSSI (β = 0.18, SE = .04, p < .001).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that gender-related risk markers in 11–14-year-olds need to be included in future suicide models to increase their predictive power. According to our findings, early detection and prevention interventions based on emotion regulation skills might be enhanced by including gender-specific adjustments for the co-occurrence of emotional dysregulation, depressiveness, and nonsuicidal self-injury in girls and the co-occurrence of emotional dysregulation and depressiveness in boys.
Young adults looking back at their experiences of treatment and care for nonsuicidal self-injury during adolescence: a qualitative study
Authors: Andersson H , Svensson E , Magnusson A , Holmqvist R , Zetterqvist M
Published: January 2024

Background

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with stigma, and negative attitudes among healthcare professionals toward NSSI have been reported. A person-centered approach that focuses on how individuals with lived experience of NSSI perceive the treatment and care they receive is invaluable in reducing barriers to help-seeking and improving treatment and mental healthcare services. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of young adults when they look back upon their experiences of psychiatric treatment for NSSI during adolescence.

Methods

Twenty-six individuals with lived experience of NSSI who were in contact with child and adolescent psychiatry during adolescence were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Three main themes were developed: Changed perceptions in retrospect, The importance of a collaborative conceptualization and Lasting impression of the relationship. Participants’ perception of themselves as well as the treatment changed over time. The importance of a joint understanding of NSSI and an agreed-upon treatment focus was emphasized. The relationship to the mental health professionals, and experiences of how NSSI was communicated, were salient several years later.

Conclusions

Healthcare professionals need to communicate about NSSI in a respectful manner and include the perspective of the adolescent with lived experience of NSSI in a joint conceptualization of NSSI and treatment focus.
Sugar and blood: the nutritional priorities of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti
Authors: Tenywa Frank Chelestino , Musa Jeremiah John , Musiba Revocatus Musyangi , Swai Johnson Kyeba , Mpelepele Ahmad Bakar , Okumu Fredros Oketch , Maia Marta Ferreira
Published: January 2024

Background

Sugar-feeding behaviour is essential for mosquito survival and reproduction, and has been exploited to develop new control strategies, such as the attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSB). This study examined the sugar-feeding habits of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, in semi-field conditions to determine the optimal timing (age) of sugar meals and whether the availability of sugar sources could affect blood-feeding by these mosquitoes.

Methods

A series of paired-choice assays were conducted in which mosquitoes were allowed to choose between a sugar meal or a blood meal directly from a rabbit. Female 1-day-old mosquitoes were given meal choices in cages I–V and observed for feeding choice in only one cage every day for 5 days starting with cages I to V. The preference of Ae. aegypti to feed on sugar or blood and the effect of sugar source availability on blood-feeding was assessed at different chronological and physiological ages.

Results

In the first 5 days post-emergence, there was no significant difference in mosquito preference for sugar or blood meals. However, after the first gonotrophic cycle, they had a greater preference for blood over sugar (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, CI] = 9.4 [6.7–13.0]; P < 0.001). Nulliparous Ae. aegypti females (≤ 5-day-old mosquitoes) were less likely to blood-feed if both sugar and blood sources were concurrently available (OR = 0.06 [0.02–0.16]; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Newly emerged females of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were equally likely to choose a sugar meal or a blood meal. However, after the first gonotrophic cycle, they had a greater preference for blood over sugar. Additionally, nulliparous female mosquitoes were less likely to blood-feed when both sugar and blood sources were available. These findings provide insights into the sugar-feeding behaviour of Ae. aegypti and can inform the development and optimization of new control strategies such as using ATSB.

Graphical Abstract
Improving the thermostability of Pseudoalteromonas Porphyrae κ-carrageenase by rational design and MD simulation
Authors: Sang Yuyan , Huang Xiaoyi , Li Hebin , Hong Tao , Zheng Mingjing , Li Zhipeng , Jiang Zedong , Ni Hui , Li Qingbiao , Zhu Yanbing
Published: January 2024

The industrial applications of the κ-carrageenases have been restricted by their poor thermostability. In this study, based on the folding free energy change (ΔΔG) and the flexibility analysis using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for the alkaline κ-carrageenase KCgCD from Pseudoalteromonas porphyrae (WT), the mutant S190R was identified with improved thermostability. After incubation at 50 °C for 30 min, the residual activity of S190R was 63.7%, 25.7% higher than that of WT. The Tm values determined by differential scanning calorimetry were 66.2 °C and 64.4 °C for S190R and WT, respectively. The optimal temperature of S190R was 10 °C higher than that of WT. The κ-carrageenan hydrolysates produced by S190R showed higher xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity compared with the untreated κ-carrageenan. MD simulation analysis of S190R showed that the residues (V186–M194 and P196–G197) in F5 and the key residue R150 in F3 displayed the decreased flexibility, and residues of T169–N173 near the catalytic center displayed the increased flexibility. These changed flexibilities might be the reasons for the improved thermostability of mutant S190R. This study provides a useful rational design strategy of combination of ΔΔG calculation and MD simulation to improve the κ-carrageenase’s thermostability for its better industrial applications.
Insurtech in Europe: identifying the top investment priorities for driving innovation
Authors: Eti Serkan , Dinçer Hasan , Meral Hasan , Yüksel Serhat , Gökalp Yaşar
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the essential indicators to improve insurtech systems and select the most critical alternative to increase insurtech-based investments in European countries. A novel fuzzy decision-making model is generated by integrating entropy and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) techniques with spherical fuzzy sets. First, the indicators are weighted using spherical fuzzy entropy. Then, the alternatives are ranked using spherical fuzzy ARAS. The alternatives are also ranked with the spherical fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution methodology. The main contribution of this study is that it would help investors to take the right actions to increase the performance of insurtech investments without incurring high costs. Another important novelty is that a new fuzzy decision-making model is proposed to solve this problem. The results of the two models are quite similar, proving the validity and coherency of the findings. It is found that pricing is the most critical factor that affects the performance of insurtech investments. Insurtech companies are required to make accurate pricing by conducting risk analyses to increase their profits and minimize their risks. Additionally, according to the ranking results, big data are the most appropriate way to improve the performance of insurtech investments in Europe. Big data analytics helps companies learn more about the behavior of their customers. By analyzing data about their customers’ past transactions, companies can provide more convenient services to them. This would increase customer satisfaction and enable companies to achieve long-term customer loyalty.
The Impact of diet on the digestive, cardiovascular and immune systems
Authors: Kobierecki Mateusz , Kwaśniewska Oliwia , Misiak Jakub , Urbaś Michał , Ojdana Miłosz , Demianenko Yehor , Czekaj Oliwia , Kościołek Aleksandra , Kościołek Dawid , Kępczyk Martyna
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF WORK

One of the key factors shaping human health is diet. It serves as the foundation for the functioning of cells, organs, and the entire body. Properly chosen food has an impact, among other things, on the functioning of the immune, digestive, and cardiovascular systems.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The objective of this study is to analyze the changes in the functioning of the cardiovascular, digestive, and immune systems through the application of different dietary approaches. For this purpose, an original questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was distributed via social media (Telegram platform) in August 2023 among the population of Ukraine.

 

RESULTS

We collected a total of 94 surveys, with an average participant age of 26 years. A similar number of participants indicated consuming meals 3 times, 4 times, or 5 times a day. These were 23 individuals (24.47%), 25 individuals (26.6%), and 21 individuals (22.3%) respectively. The analysis of correlations revealed a negative correlation between the frequency of meal consumption and the frequency of infections (r = -0.21, p = 0.035). A significant relationship was also observed between body weight and the frequency of meal consumption (r = 0.34, p < 0.001). However, no significant relationship was found between following a special diet and body weight (p > 0.05).

 

CONCLUSIONS

The collected results suggest a connection between dietary habits and the frequency of infections as well as body weight. Interestingly, this relationship was related specifically to the frequency of meal consumption and was not linked to the intake of specific food groups. The obtained results highlight the significance of regular meal consumption in maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing the frequency of infections.
Examination of novel diagnostic approaches and contemporary strategies for preventing acute mountain sickness
Authors: Olejarz Zuzanna , Nowak Karolina , Drygała Zuzanna , Wyrwał Julia , Zielińska Zuzanna , Słowik Magdalena , Nowak Karolina , Nieć Maria , Gierlach Katarzyna , Krasuska Martyna
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose: Acute mountain sickness is caused by hypoxia, of which the brain is the most sensitive. The frequency of occurrence at altitudes above 2500 m above sea level may reach up to 75% of travelers. Prevention of altitude sickness mainly concerns the travel plan and pharmacology.  Our study aimed to assess the current literature on altitude sickness, and discuss the possible pathophysiology, epidemiology, and symptoms. Moreover, we underline new guidelines for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of altitude sickness in the context of the last guidelines and research.   We conducted a PubMed literature review using keywords like "mountaineering sickness" and "altitude sickness".  All article types were taken into account: clinical trial, meta-analysis, case report, case series, systematic review, randomized controlled trial, observational study, clinical study, books, and documents in the last 5 years.A brief description of the state of knowledge: In recent years, there has been a surge in the accessibility and popularity of high-altitude tourism, emphasizing the need to disseminate information about altitude sickness among travelers. This heightened accessibility has sparked a push for comprehensive research and viable solutions, aiming to address the ramifications of the increased risk associated with such endeavors. Furthermore, there's a growing call for additional research focusing on the unique medical demands posed by tourist excursions and extreme expeditions. Conclusions:It underscores the necessity for healthcare professionals equipped with specialized knowledge and expertise in both preventing and treating medical conditions arising in exceptional circumstances.
The influence of lipoproteina(a) on cardio-vascular diseases
Authors: Maj-Dziedzic Monika , Brzozowska Anna , Sikora Marcelina , Zarzycka Marta , Plewniok Ines , Dubiel Jeremiasz , Maj Adrian , Śmietana Greta , Warno Martyna , Kozik Wiktor
Published: January 2024

Introduction

The current evidence from 2022 published by European Atherosclerosis Society brings the importance of the level of lipoprotein(a) and its influence on the human health.  Especially atherosclerotic cardio-vascular events such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, atherosclerosis are taken into account. They prove, that the associations between the level of Lp(a) is linear with the occurrence of cardio-vascular events. High level of Lp(a), may contribute to the aortic stenosis, cause has pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic properties. The newest finding demonstrate that Lp(a) has no link with venous thrombosis. Nonetheless, very low level of may contribute with type 2 diabetes.

It is recommended  to measure the level of lipoprotein(a) at least once in adults to search the patients with higher value than norm. Even at low level of LDL, high Lp(a) is a risk factor for ASCVD. It brings the clinical importance of early detection of potential cardio-vascular diseases and introduction of management. The newest statement form EAS also brings promising possibilities due to specific Lp(a)-lowering therapies is in phase II/III trials.

 

Aim of the study

The following paper aims to present a review of the current knowledge about the influence of the level of Lp(a) on cardio-vascular disease and seeks to enhance knowledge and promote effective management of this prevalent condition.

The primary goal is to promote the current problem to health care workers with up-to-date information to facilitate early recognition of cardiovascular events.

 

Materials and methods

This article presents the current state of knowledge of lipoprotein(a) found in various scientific articles.

The following English keywords and its Polish equivalents were used to search Google Scholar's medical databases: lipoprotein(a), cardio-vascular disease, cardiovascular risk,  aortic stenosis. The articles most pertinent to the subject have been chosen.
Congenital toxoplasmosis: potential outcomes and therapeutic challenges - a complex case report of the newborn with treatment-resistant manifestations
Authors: Kowalczyk Emilia , Koziej Sylwia , Niemczuk Martyna , Jasiuk Adrianna , Wiekiera Mateusz
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose
Toxoplasmosis, a prevalent parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, impacts approximately one-third of the global population. Among congenital infections, Congenital Toxoplasmosis (CT) ranks second only to CMV infection in neonates. The severity of fetal and neonatal clinical manifestations depends on factors such as gestational age during infection, parasite load, infectious strain virulence, and maternal immune status. The organogenesis stage in the second trimester is identified as the critical period (10th-24th gestational weeks). Fetal CT may present with ultrasound-detected abnormalities, including intracranial calcifications, microcephaly, hydrocephalus, ascites, hepatosplenomegaly or severe intrauterine growth restriction. Even in the absence of symptoms at birth, CT can lead to long-term consequences such as hydrocephalus, seizures, and cognitive, auditory, and visual impairments.
The aim of this study is to present a clinical case of a patient with CT infection complicated by treatment-resistant hydrocephalus and neurological symptoms, including muscle tone disturbances and seizures.
 
Conclusion 
The significance of screening tests cannot be overstated, as early intervention is crucial to prevent enduring complications. Routine counseling for pregnant women is imperative to raise awareness about Toxoplasma gondii infection, empowering them to adopt necessary preventive measures. Additionally, further research is warranted to assess the efficacy of diverse treatment protocols, the risk of adverse effects, and the effectiveness of emerging therapeutic agents.
Springing to Life: Unveiling the Transformative Effects of Trampoline Bouncing on Human Health
Authors: Bereza Dawid , Sokołowska Katarzyna , Kulak Maria , Moreau Igor , Polańska Paulina , Lang Miriam , Woch Barbara
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Objective: In the modern era, where non-communicable diseases account for 74% of deaths, physical activity plays a crucial role in reducing mortality rates, particularly from cardiovascular causes. This article aims to assess the benefits and risks of trampoline bouncing as an exercise modality.

State of Knowledge: Scientific evidence predominantly focuses on rebounding-related injuries, overshadowing the relatively underexplored benefits of trampolining. Cardiovascular advantages, including increased VO2max, are notable, with mini-trampoline exercise proving more effective than traditional running. Trampolining exhibits the potential to reduce BMI and weight, impacting cardiovascular risk factors while contributing to bone strength and mental well-being. Positive outcomes are suggested for specific groups, such as Parkinson's patients and children with disabilities.

Summary: Trampoline rebounding, particularly with mini-trampolines, presents an enjoyable exercise form with significant health benefits, encompassing enhanced cardiovascular endurance, improved balance, and positive effects on bone structure and mental well-being. Despite prevalent injuries associated with trampoline use, the article highlights effective preventive measures. In conclusion, trampoline bouncing holds promise as a valuable component of a healthy lifestyle, provided adequate precautions are taken to mitigate associated risks.
Perancangan Signage Kawasan Wisata Pantai Sanur di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Prasetyo Didit , Tri Sendyana I Nyoman , Maneezyaa Rasyid Aslam Arethusa
Published: January 2024

Sanur Beach is one of the tourist areas known as the sunrise beach due to its location in the east of the island of Bali. This beach is the right location for domestic and foreign tourists to carry out various activities such as relaxing, swimming, or canoeing. The increasing popularity of Sanur Beach is unfortunately not accompanied by an increase in signage facilities where the existing signage is still inadequate. The purpose of this design is to create typical signage of the Sanur Beach Tourism Area to improve the quality of tourist visits and make it easier for tourists to get information in yet visual communication. The method used to obtain and analyze the data in this design is a qualitative method consisting of natural observation, depth interview, and user persona. The signage concept design produced in the design includes materials, colors, fonts, and design styles that are adjusted to the impression presented by the Sanur Beach environment, which contains elements of refreshing, natural, and fun. The output of this design includes digital visualization of identification signage, directional signage, orientation signage, and regulatory signage in the Sanur Beach Tourism Area. The results of the design are expected to provide convenience for visitors to visit tourist objects and improve the quality of visits from visitors.
Keywords - sanur beach, signage, tourism
Foto Anak-Anak dalam Bingkai Tragedi Kemanusiaan; Studi Struktur Visual Foto Pemenang World Press Photography 1997 & 2019
Authors: Darmawan Yurif Setya
Published: January 2024

Children are often helpless in the face of harsh life situations. In the photo media children are described as "weak" and become objects of representation as victims of war conditions. Photos with children as the main object are considered capable of evoking the emotions of the audience with their own power. This was proven when the 1997 and 2019 World Press Photography awards were won by photographs whose main objects were children in war situations or other unpleasant conditions. A good photo can evoke emotion, the punctum can be studied for its structure (syntag) so that it can be seen why the photo is interesting. In fact, photos are always the choice of objects framed by the photographer. Photo objects are arranged and arranged in such a way as to evoke the emotions of anyone who sees them.

Keywords: children, framing, World Press Photography, photo structure, punctum
Perancangan Board Game Sebagai Media Pengenalan Mitigasi Bencana Banjir
Authors: Faqih Aziz Caesar Achmad Firjaun , Lakoro Rahmatsyam
Published: January 2024

Indonesia is a country with a high level of vulnerability to the risks of disaster events. In the last five years, from 2017 to 2021, disaster events in Indonesia have been dominated by floods among other types of disasters. To avoid the impact of disaster risk, every element of society is obliged to be involved in disaster management efforts. The initial stage of disaster management is disaster mitigation which needs to be introduced to the public through outreach and education aimed at building disaster awareness behavior and practicing disaster mitigation skills early. However, disaster education is actually hampered, in part because the availability of teaching materials is still limited. From the various media that have been implemented, board games are considered to be able to introduce complex disaster concepts by being packaged into games with educational value through a gamification approach that can increase motivation in learning disaster insights. This design was prepared with the aim of making flood disaster introduction media through board games with educational value to teenagers. The method used is to collect data from literature studies, existing studies on disaster education products, in-depth interviews, preparation of play flows with swimlane scenario descriptions, gameplay studies with mechanics & gameplay studies, then mapping out concepts to design prototypes that will be tested on target users. The final result is a board game called MitiGo which can increase awareness of the risk of flood disasters by increasing enthusiasm and encouraging student involvement in the learning process of flood disaster mitigation. Keywords: Board Game, Gamification, Disaster Mitigation.
Desain Environment Serial Animasi Edukasi Astronomi Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nugroho Bagus Eko , Ramadhani Nugrahardi , Soewito Bambang Mardiono
Published: January 2024

Astronomy is a branch of science that studies the phenomena of objects in outer space. Astronomy can be a gateway to attract elementary school students' interest in studying science, but there are limitations such as the lack of availability of facilities to support astronomy learning. Astronomy is important to teach because it can train reasoning and imagination. There is a lot of material and practice in astronomy so learning needs to be packaged in an interesting way and in language that is easy for children to understand. The animation medium was chosen to introduce astronomy material. To support the creation of animation, the environment (background) needs to be designed to provide a more interesting viewing experience as well as to support astronomy learning. This research used in-depth interview research methods, questionnaires, observation, and literature studies. The resulting design concept was then developed through experimental studies and assistance through in-depth interviews. The results of this research are the environment concept and props design in the astronomy animation series entitled "Taman Siswa+". The design of the environment adopts the concept of "Typical Indonesia" where the output of the environment is inspired by the findings of visual artifacts in the surrounding environment. The design of the environment also adopts the concept of "Scientific Based" so that the environmental outcomes of Mercury and Venus correspond theoretically based on the latest research results.Keywords: Animation, Astronomy, Education, Environment, Elementary School
Digital Florilegium
Authors: Mulder Dave
Published: January 2024

This lesson explains an approach to engaging students in close reading of challenging texts. It introduces florilegium, an ancient reading practice utilized by copyists in medieval European monasteries. This lesson’s approach to florilegium took a digital twist: rather than hand-writing snippets of text into a copybook as medieval monks might, we used a Google form to capture the whole class’s snippets from a shared reading. These text snippets became a shared digital repository that students could use to engage the text in a variety of interactive, creative ways. In the instance described in this article, the students were graduate students taking an online Educational Technology course, but the practice is flexible and could be adapted for use in many different content areas and grade levels.
Synthesizing Magnesium Oxide through a 3D Experience
Authors: Ure Katheryn , Bal Irene
Published: January 2024

This lesson is from the Types of Reactions unit in a High School Chemistry class and focuses on the synthesis of magnesium oxide. The purpose of this lesson is for students to conduct a lab experiment, and understand, at an atomic level, how the reaction occurs. In collaboration between a Chemistry teacher and Educational Technology faculty member, one three-dimensional (3D) experience was created to support the visualization of the reaction and minimize the students’ misconceptions.
Frog Olympics
Authors: Harris Abby
Published: January 2024

Groups of three students make a small, medium, and large frog, using Cricut Design Space to size correctly and personalize their frogs. Once the frogs are folded, they are entered into five Olympic events: Long jump, same-side flipper, backwards flipper, high jump, and fastest faller. Students keep track of their measurements. During each event, the student can make three attempts and keep the best measurement. After each team member has completed all the events, students will calculate the mean, median, and mode for the three frogs for each event. As a class, they will put all the data on the board and decide if the mean, median, or mode best represent the data fairly to decide which team will get first place.
Exploring the Volume of a Cylinder
Authors: Day April
Published: January 2024

During this lesson, students create cylinders of different radii and heights using the Cricut Maker 3. They then test the volume of their own cylinder and compare it to the volume they calculate from the formula. They observe the differences in volume for cylinders with various radii or heights.
This lesson is intended for 8th grade math, but it could be modified for different grades by changing the shape students work with. For example, 5th graders could use rectangular prisms. Other shapes could include square and triangular pyramids, triangular or hexagonal prisms, and dodecahedrons.
Pakistan’s External Debt Unsustainability and the Required Approach
Authors: Chaudary Muhammad Sikandar Ali
Published: January 2024

The paper traces financial and non-financial variables that prompt external debt distress in Pakistan. It explains that the economic vulnerability emanates from macroeconomic imbalances and structural problems. The macroeconomic imbalances deeply connect with global oil crisis, the Russia-Ukraine war and non-compliance with mutually agreed International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditionalities in the short run. However, the structural reasons are rising oil expenses, growing domestic political scandals, increasing terrorist attacks, and high spending on military imports. The paper recommends formulating a publicly available blueprint i.e. theory of change to resolve Pakistan’s increased reliance on transnational lenders, including the IMF. It should include innovative policies to initiate the green revolution that could replace intermittent nonrenewable resources to incrementally lower oil imports. Moreover, to increase growth in the non-military sector employing non-kinetic means and engaging transnational governance entities to resolve geopolitical conflicts would reduce reliance on military sector. The paper concludes that undergoing policy innovation for environmental and economic sustainability, is inevitable for gaining benefits from global renewable energy transition and avoiding debt distress.
The efficiency of basic income compared to minimum income schemes
Authors: Bollain Julen , Raventós Daniel
Published: January 2024

Minimum income schemes were first implemented in the late 1980s. However, as is evidenced, they failed to achieve their objectives of providing everyone with the basics to live in dignity. Partly as a consequence, basic income is considered by an increasing part of both public opinion and academic research a feasible alternative that could guarantee the material existence of all. In this article, in order to observe how a basic income behaves when minimum income schemes fall short, we conduct the first logical and comprehensive scientific contribution to the technical problems preventing minimum income schemes from fulfilling their objectives. This analysis illustrates how a basic income, because of principles of universality, unconditionality and the possibility of combining with other sources of income, is more efficient than minimum income schemes in addressing the aforementioned limitations.
Multivariate circle of partitions and the squeeze principle
Authors: Agama Theophilus
Published: January 2024

The goal of this paper is to extend the squeeze principle to circle of partitions with at least two resident points on their axes.
Synovialis folyadékból nyert extracellularis vesiculák proteomja és azok lehetséges funkciója befertőződött ízületi protézisekben
Authors: Sallai Imre , Turiák Lilla , Sugár Simon , Drahos László , Skaliczki Gábor
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: A periprotetikus infekciók ellátása jelentős kihívás
elé állítja az operáló orvost, mind diagnosztikai, mind terápiás tekintetben. Az
utóbbi években a mozgásszervi kutatások során egyre növekvő figyelmet kaptak az
extracellularis vesiculák. Az extracellularis vesiculák által szállított
fehérjék tömegspektrometrián alapuló azonosítása fontos lépés, mely segíthet
megérteni a védekezési folyamatban betöltött biológiai funkcióikat.
Célkitűzés: Vizsgálatunk célja volt az akut és a krónikus
fertőzött mintákból izolált extracellularis vesiculák fehérjetartalmának
megismerése, azonosságok és különbségek keresése – az „egy legjobb biomarker”
megtalálása helyett a lehető legtöbb, detektálható mennyiségben jelen lévő
extracellularis vesiculába zárt fehérje vizsgálata és biológiai folyamatokba
illesztése. Módszer: Prospektív, monocentrikus vizsgálatot
végeztünk, a beválasztási kritériumok a 2018-as MSIS-kritériumokon alapultak. A
vizsgálatba 13 (n = 13) beteget vontunk be, minden beteg periprotetikus infekció
miatt került műtétre. 6 (n = 6) betegnél akut purulens (akut csoport)
folyamatot, míg 7 (n = 7) betegnél ’low-grade’ infekciót (krónikus csoport)
igazoltunk. Az extracellularis vesiculák izolálása minden esetben a protézist
körülvevő synovialis folyadékból történt. A tömegspektrometriai vizsgálattal
azonosított fehérjék funkcionális alapú klaszterezésére a STRING, KEGG, Gene
Ontology adatbázisokat használtuk. A végleges vizualizáció Cytoscape 3.9.1.
szoftverrel történt. Eredmények: Az extracellularis vesiculák
feltárása után 222 db fehérjét azonosítottunk, melyek vagy az akut, vagy a
krónikus minták valamelyikének több mint felében fordultak elő. Csak az akut
minták több mint felében 50 db fehérjét; csak a krónikus minták több mint
felében 33 db fehérjét; egyszerre mindkét csoport több mint felében 86 db
fehérjét azonosítottunk. Ezek alapján készültek a funkcionális klaszterek.
Megbeszélés: A protézisfertőzések diagnosztikájában régóta
megvan a törekvés, hogy megtalálják az „egy legjobb biomarkert”, amely biztosan
különbséget tud tenni fertőzött és nem fertőzött protézislazulás között.
Következtetés: Vizsgálatunk célja nem egy újabb biomarker
kiválasztása volt, hanem az extracellularis vesiculákban szállított fehérjék
biológiai folyamatokban betöltött szerepének ábrázolása, leírása, amellyel
jobban betekinthetünk a periprotetikus infekció során zajló folyamatokba. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(3): 98–109.
Az egészségkárosodás társadalmi költségei a munkaképes korú lakosság körében 2019-ben Magyarországon
Authors: Joó Tamás , Fadgyas-Freyler Petra , Vitrai József , Kollányi Zsófia
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: Hazánkban a várható egészséges életévek száma
alacsonyabb, mint a nyugdíjkorhatár, vagyis a 30 és 64 éves kor közötti magyar
lakosság megromlott egészségi állapota jelentős termeléskiesést okoz. A
gazdasági szempontokon túl a munkaképes korú korosztály romlott egészségi
állapotát más társadalmi szereplő nézőpontjából is lehet vizsgálni, a közvetett
költségeket az emberitőke-megközelítésnek megfelelően kalkulálva.
Célkitűzés: Becslésünk célja az volt, hogy megvilágítsuk,
mekkora veszteségeket okoz Magyarország számára évről évre az, hogy lakosai
jelentősen rövidebb és betegebb életre számíthatnak, mint más országok hasonló
helyzetű lakosai. Módszer: Az elemzés első részében a 30–64
éves korosztályra vonatkozóan 2019-re összesítettük a megromlott egészség és a
betegségek okozta korlátozottság miatt elvesztett, egészségben eltöltött időt. A
vizsgált korosztályra vonatkozó magyar értékeket a visegrádi országok, Ausztria
és az Európai Unió megfelelő értékeivel vetettük össze. Az elemzés második
részében a betegségben töltött időhöz kapcsolódó társadalmi költségeket mutattuk
be, melyek között megkülönböztettünk közvetlen, pénzmozgással járó költségeket,
valamint közvetett, az elmaradt bevételekben vagy termelésben megtestesülő
költségeket. Eredmények: Az eredmények alapján megállapítható,
hogy 2019-ben Magyarországon a munkanapok egyhetedében az egészségproblémák
miatt csökkent a termelékenység és a teljesített munkaidő. Átlagosan 51 naptári
nap, ennek megfelelően 35 munkanap elveszett egészséges idő jutott minden 30–64
éves munkaképes magyarra. A közvetlen költségek, vagyis az Egészségbiztosítási
Alap természetbeni kiadásainak, valamint a betegek és az önkéntes
(magán)biztosítás által finanszírozott kiadásainak összege 1446 milliárd Ft-ot
tett ki. A közvetett költségek, amelyek a korai halálozásnak és a betegségeknek
betudható munkaévveszteség következtében fellépő kiadásokat jelentik, további
2279 milliárd Ft terhet jelentettek. Következtetés: A 30–64
évesek közvetlen és közvetett kiadásainak összege 2019-ben 3425 milliárd Ft-ot
tett ki, a GDP 7,21%-át. Jól ismert, hogy a fejlett országokban, így
Magyarországon is azok a nem fertőző, krónikus betegségek okozzák a legnagyobb
egészségveszteséget, amelyek egészséges életmóddal megelőzhetők. Az ország
versenyképességének javításához emiatt elengedhetetlen az egészséges életmód
előmozdítása és az azt elősegítő fizikai és szociális környezet kialakítása. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(3): 110–120.
Adensamento urbano, aspectos legais e possíveis impactos ambientais de cemitérios no município de São Paulo,
Authors: Leite Estefânia de Oliveira , Toledo Renata Ferraz de
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar e analisar dados de adensamento urbano e sua correlação com aspectos legais que regulam os cemitérios, a fim de compreender os impactos ambientais que esses espaços podem gerar. A abordagem metodológica combina elementos quali-quantitativos e descritivos para fornecer uma análise abrangente. A metodologia adotada inclui um estudo de caso dos espaços de sepultamento na cidade, explorando dados qualitativos e técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental da legislação pertinente. Os resultados deste estudo permitem uma compreensão mais profunda das interações complexas entre o crescimento populacional, a regulamentação legal dos cemitérios e os impactos ambientais associados. A análise procurou abordar as implicações socioambientais dos cemitérios urbanos e sua relação com o planejamento urbano, a saúde pública e a preservação/conservação do meio ambiente. Por meio de uma abordagem interdisciplinar, espera-se com este estudo ampliar a compreensão da importância de políticas urbanas que considerem os impactos socioambientais ao planejar a localização e operação de cemitérios em áreas urbanas densamente povoadas.
Notas sobre a Mobilidade Urbana em cidades impactadas pela desindustrialização: O Caso do Grande ABC
Authors: Sampaio Vitória Alves , Sígolo Letícia Moreira
Published: January 2024

O ABC paulista, berço da industrialização fordista brasileira, alicerçou sua economia no setor automobilístico, químico, metalúrgico e construção civil. Essa dinamização industrial fomentou uma urbanização acelerada nas décadas de 1950, 1960 e 1970, cujo resultado foi um território marcado por desigualdades nas condições e acesso à moradia, infraestrutura, serviços urbanos, oportunidades de trabalho, saúde, educação, cultura e lazer. Desde 1980, a região sofre os impactos do processo de reestruturação produtiva, juntamente com a desconcentração industrial em curso no país. Pretende-se neste trabalho analisar tais impactos, considerando as alterações na organização do território e, sobretudo nas condições de deslocamentos de pessoas e mercadorias, atentando-se às políticas de mobilidade urbana, planejadas e implementadas. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, relacionada aos seguintes subtemas: reestruturação produtiva, desconcentração industrial e desindustrialização, alterações na organização estrutural do território e seus impactos nas condições de deslocamentos no Grande ABC; as características da mobilidade e os padrões de deslocamento na região e; os desdobramentos da política nacional de mobilidade urbana no Grande ABC, além de levantamento e análise de dados socioeconômicos e da mobilidade na região. Concluiu-se que a região vem passando nos últimos anos por transformações em sua organização territorial com implicações sobre suas condições de mobilidade, com a ampliação dos deslocamentos pendulares intra e inter-regionais, em que pese a elaboração de políticas regionais e locais para o enfrentamento destes desafios, como o plano regional e os municipais de mobilidade urbana, e para a construção de uma trajetória de desenvolvimento sustentável como preconizada pela Agenda 2030.
Licitação Sustentável: diagnóstico de obras públicas de habitação e sua aderência com a Agenda 2030 no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Nakata Simone Mariko , Nascimento Ana Paula Branco do , Kniess Cláudia Terezinha
Published: January 2024

O setor da Construção Civil possui diversas atividades causadoras de impacto no meio ambiente. Neste sentido, é importante a influência desse setor para a consecução do compromisso global oficializado na Agenda 2030, tornando-se necessárias ações globais a fim de melhorar as suas práticas e processos. Assim, os governos desempenham um importante papel no cumprimento desta agenda, não apenas como órgãos regulamentadores, mas também como agentes impulsionadores desse processo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a sustentabilidade nas contratações de obras públicas de habitação do Estado de São Paulo. Desta forma, avaliou-se a observância pelo Poder Público do preconizado nas legislações que tratam da sustentabilidade nas contratações públicas, bem como o cumprimento do compromisso global para a consecução da Agenda 2030. Foram levantados dados dos editais publicados entre os anos de 2016 e 2021 relativos às obras públicas de habitação no âmbito do Estado de São Paulo. Esses editais foram analisados de forma a verificar se houve a inclusão, de forma ampla, aspectos da sustentabilidade para o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), a fim de obter uma visão holística de como os Editais se relacionam com este tema. Os resultados mostraram que a inclusão da sustentabilidade nos Editais para o alcance dos ODS foi escassa, sendo observada pouca referência à sustentabilidade e nenhuma referência ao cumprimento dos ODS.
Ensaio sobre a história, expansão e paisagem urbana de Cáceres, MT
Authors: Maciel Sergio Dias , Tardivo Veruska Pobikrowska , Carignani Gisele
Published: January 2024

Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um ensaio sobre a história, o desenvolvimento urbano e a paisagem urbana de Cáceres, no sudoeste mato-grossense. A cidade de Cáceres, antiga Vila Maria do Paraguai, fundada pela coroa portuguesa em 1778 com objetivos de consolidar sua expansão na região, servindo de apoio entre Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade e Vila Real do Senhor Bom Jesus de Cuiabá. Da mesma forma como ocorrera em Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, o plano urbano inicial de Vila Maria do Paraguai foi desenvolvido de modo ortogonal, como um princípio de ordenação e controle sobre o local, pela coroa portuguesa. O desenvolvimento da Vila Maria do Paraguai, atual Cáceres, teve seu ápice após a guerra do Paraguai, em 1870 até meados do século XX, especialmente devido a extensa circulação de mercadorias pelo rio Paraguai e da produção agropecuária das fazendas da região. Apesar de investimentos rodoviários no século XX, a economia da Cáceres entrou em declínio devido ao desenvolvimento de outras áreas mais centrais no estado de Mato Grosso. No entanto, a paisagem urbana de Cáceres traz um rico acervo de edificações que foram preservadas.