bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretimi Ders Kitaplarında Dinleme Becerisi Alanında Kullanılan Alıştırmaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZBAL Bayram , GENÇ Ayten
Published: January 2020

Yabancı dil öğretimi ders kitaplarında beceri alanlarına göre belirlenen hedef davranışlar, alıştırmalar yoluyla öğrencilere kazandırılmaya çalışılır. Öğrencilere beceri alanlarında belirlenen hedef davranışları da kazandırmanın yolu da farklı türde ve yeterli miktarda alıştırma yapmaya dayanır. Bu nedenle ders kitaplarında kullanılan alıştırmaların temel ve alt beceriler açısından dengeli bir dağılım göstermesi kadar kullanılan alıştırma türlerinde de çeşitliliğin sağlanması önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan dört öğretim setinin temel seviye (A1-A2) ders kitaplarında dinleme becerisi alanında kullanılan alıştırmaların diğer beceri alanlarına göre oranlarını, kullanılan alıştırma türlerini ve kullanım sıklıklarını tespit etmektedir. “İstanbul Yabancılar İçin Türkçe”, “Yedi İklim Türkçe”, “Gazi Yabancılar İçin Türkçe” ve “Yeni Hitit Yabancılar İçin Türkçe” setlerinin temel seviye (A1-A2) ders kitaplarından doküman incelemesi yoluyla veriler toplanmış ve tümevarımsal içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, incelenen yabancı dil olarak Türkçe temel seviye (A1-A2) ders kitaplarında dört temel dil becerisi arasında en az alıştırmaya dinleme becerisi alanında yer verildiğini ve dinleme-anlamaya yönelik alıştırma çeşitliliğinin artırılması gerektiğini göstermektedir.
L2 Learners’ Perceptions of Using L1 in EFL Classrooms
Authors: ÖZ Hüseyin , KARAAZMAK Fulda
Published: January 2020

Most foreign or second (L2) language teaching happens in classrooms where teachers and learners share the same first language (L1), and there has been a long-standing controversy over using L1 in language teaching classrooms. Thus, the present study sought to explore English learners’ perceptions about using their L1 in English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms. The study further aimed to investigate whether English proficiency level had any effect on learners’ preferences of using L1 in English classrooms. A total of 75 EFL learners enrolled in an English preparatory program at a foundation university in Ankara voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire to determine participants’ views on using their L1 in English classes. The results revealed that EFL learners supported the use of English as the only medium of instruction in EFL classrooms and English proficiency level had an effect on learners’ preferences of using L1. Findings also indicated that learners with a low level of English proficiency had more positive opinions about using L1 in EFL classrooms as opposed to learners with a high level of English proficiency. On the other hand, regardless of the proficiency level, all participants agreed that they might use their L1 in the class if they really needed to do so. Another significant finding of the study was that learners’ willingness to use L1 in the classroom decreased as their English proficiency level increased. In line with these findings, further recommendations were proposed regarding the place of L1 in EFL classrooms.
Soli Pompeiopolis Sütunlu Caddesi’nde Bulunan Doğu Sigillatası D Grubu Seramikleri
Authors: YILDIZ Volkan
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada, Kilikya Bölgesi’nin önemli liman kentlerinden biri olan Soli Pompeiopolis’te 1999 ile 2018 yılları arasında Sütunlu Cadde’de gerçekleştirilen kazılar sonucunda bulunan Geç Hellenistik ve Roma Erken İmparatorluk Dönemi kırmızı astarlı seramik gruplarından olan Doğu Sigillata D grubu değerlendirilmiştir. Soli Pompeiopolis Doğu Sigillata D grubu seramikleri Kilikya Bölgesi’ndeki kazılar arasında şimdiye kadar bulunan en zengin Doğu Sigillata D grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu kadar zengin bir buluntu grubu beraberinde 14 farklı formdan oluşan geniş bir form repertuvarının oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Soli Pompeiopolis Doğu Sigillata D grubu seramiklerinin form repertuvarının oluşturulmasında, Doğu Sigillata D’lerin sofra kapları ya da bir başka ifadeyle yiyecek ve içecek servisinde kullanılan lüks servis kapları olarak bilinmesi de önemli bir çıkış noktası olmuştur. Bu sınıflandırmaya göre tabaklar, kaseler ve kraterler ana grupları oluşturmaktadır. Soli Pompeiopolis Sütunlu Caddesi’nde bulunan Doğu Sigillata D’ler MÖ 1. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı ile MS 1. yüzyılın sonu arasına tarihlenmektedir. Kentte bu grubun en yoğun görüldüğü tarih ise MS 1. yüzyıldır.
Akademik Taylorizm, Performans Yönetimi ve Akademik Üretimde Niceliğin Önemi: Akademisyenler Üzerine Niteliksel Bir Çalışma
Authors: ATALAY Selin
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de yükseköğretim alanında ortaya çıkan performans yönetimi anlayışının bir yansıması olan akademik üretim sürecini değerlendirmektir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, ‘Emek Süreci Kuramı’ kuramsal bakış açısından akademik emek süreci ele alınmış ve temel bir akademik faaliyet olan yayın yapma süreçlerinde ‘Akademik Taylorizm’in etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Akademik emek sürecinde Taylorizm, akademisyenlik mesleğinin zanaat yapısının bozulması ve zanaat bilgisinin yönetimlere aktarılması temelinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, akademik işin standartlaştırılmış, ölçümlenebilir ve böylelikle denetlenebilir hale getirilmiş olduğu görülmektedir. Akademide iş güvencesi sorunlu hale gelirken, akademik emeğin kendisinden beklenen performansı sergileme yönünde hareket eder hale gelmesi söz konusu olmaktadır. 2017 yılında, Türkiye’de yükseköğretim alanında gerçekleşen dönüşümün akademik emek üzerindeki etkisini anlamak üzere bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstanbul ve İzmir illerinde yer alan vakıf ve devlet üniversitelerinde sosyal bilimler alanlarında çalışmakta olan, farklı ünvanlara sahip 28 öğretim üyesi ile derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilmiş niteliksel verilerin bu çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, yüksek öğretimde Taylorizm stratejilerin uygulanması ile birlikte akademik işin yoğunlaştırıldığı görülmüştür. Bu yoğun iş yükü çerçevesinde, yayın sürecinde akademik emeğin sözleşme yenileme ya da kariyerinde ilerleme motivasyonu ile, ‘stratejik’ olarak nitelendirilebilecek yayın yapma yollarını benimseyebilmesi söz konusudur. Kısa sürede yayın yapma ya da ‘puan’ toplama adına akademisyenler bir stratejik düşünme şekli geliştirmektedirler. Bu çalışma, yayın yapma sürecinin bir akademik faaliyet olarak araç yerine amaç haline gelmekte olduğuna ve niceliğin niteliğe öncelendiği bir anlayışın akademik üretime hakim olmakta olduğuna dair tartışma çerçevesinde akademik Taylorizmin yükselişini ele almaktadır.
1961-1971 Yılları Arasında Türkiye’de Kürtçülük
Authors: AKKURT Mutlu
Published: January 2020

1938-1960 yılları arasında Kürtçülük duraklama dönemine girdi. Çeşitli tarihlerde çıkarılan İskan Kanunları ile isyanlarda parmağı olan ağa, şeyh ve seyit lakaplı dönemin nüfuz sahibi şahısları batı illerine nakledildi ve isyan bölgelerindeki sıkı askeri tedbirlerle bölgede sükunet sağlandı; ama komşu ülkelerdeki gelişmeler Türkiye’yi etkilemeye başladı. Irak’ta 14 Temmuz 1958 tarihinde General Abdülkerim Kasım darbesi yapıldıktan sonra Molla Mustafa Barzani Irak’a geri döndü ve bu durum Iraklı Kürtleri olduğu kadar Türkiye’de Kürtçülük faaliyetlerde bulunanları da cesaretlendirdi. 1961 yılında kurulan ve sosyalist düşünceleri benimseyen Türkiye İşçi Partisi (TİP) ve 1965 yılında kurulan Fikir Kulüpleri Federasyonunun (FKF) içerisinde birçok Doğu ve Güneydoğu kökenli kişiler mevcut olup Marksist Leninist çizgisinde Kürtçülük faaliyetlerinde bulunmuşlardır. Türkiye’de yaşayan Iraklı Kürt öğrencilerin desteğiyle 1963 yılında kurulan Türkiye Kürt Öğrenci Derneği (Türkiye Kürt Talebe Cemiyeti), Barzani hareketinin Türkiye’de illegal olarak 1965 yılında kurduğu Türkiye Kürdistan Demokrat Partisi (TKDP), 1967 yılında yapılan Doğu Mitingleri ve Devrimci Doğu Kültür Ocakları (DDKO), ayrılıkçı Kürt siyasal hareketlerinin merkezi konumunda olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 1961-1971 yılları arası ayrılıkçı Kürt siyasal hareketleri ele alınacaktır.
Klasik Şiirin Nadide Bahçesi: Şiiristan
Authors: GIYNAŞ Kamil
Published: January 2020

Sözlük anlamı “açma, ayırma” olan “şerh” en basit tanımıyla bir eseri herkes tarafından anlaşılır hâle getirme işlemidir. Türkiye’de metin şerhiyle ilgili ilk teorik yazı Ali Nihad Tarlan tarafından yayımlanmıştır. Sonrasında da birçok araştırmacı metin şerhinin nasıl yapılması gerektiği konusunda yorumlarda bulunmuştur. Fuzûlî Divanı’nın gazeller kısmını şerh eden Tarlan’dan sonra da makale, bildiri ve kitap bazında birçok şerh yapılmıştır. Bu yazıda da metin şerhlerinden oluşan ve yakın zamanda yayımlanan Şiiristan adlı kitap tanıtılacaktır.
PATIENT WITH CAD AND MULTIFOCAL ARTERIAL SCLEROTIC DISEASE (CLINICAL DISCUSSION)
Authors: Panchenko E. P.
Published: January 2020

.
Expansão das escolas e colégios militares retoma a lógica da exclusão
Authors: Tiellet Maria do Horto Salles
Published: January 2020

O artigo analisa o processo de expansão das escolas militares, através dos argumentos dos agentes públicos, na perspectiva da pesquisa exploratória de cunho descritivo. Buscou-se conhecer a justificativa para o processo de expansão de tal modelo de escola no Estado de Mato Grosso. Foram realizadas buscas sobre o assunto entre o ano de 2015 e 2018, em jornais de circulação estadual, notícias postadas em sites oficiais: da Educação, da Segurança, da PMMT, do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar e da Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de Mato Grosso. Usou-se, em sites mato-grossenses, o descritor “escolas militares”.  Para a análise do material aplicou-se a Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin, que possibilitou a constatação de que a justificativa para a expansão das escolas militares está a qualidade do ensino, que nunca foi prioridade das políticas educacionais do Estado de Mato Grosso. O modelo implantado e sua expansão executa uma política de exclusão dos filhos dos segmentos menos favorecidos da população
Sistema econômico, direitos sociais e escolas desiguais: reflexões sobre a reforma do ensino médio
Authors: Casagrande Ana Lara , Alonso Katia Morosov
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, cujo procedimento metodológico é a pesquisa bibliográfica, objetiva-se pensar a atual reforma do Ensino Médio, em um contexto capitalista. Faz-se uma recuperação histórica, a fim de mostrar que a educação transcorreu dualmente. Considera-se que a reconfiguração da etapa final da educação básica não rompe com a lógica do privilégio (currículos direcionados para a continuidade nos estudos no setor privado). Nota-se que a escola pública continua na contradição de: reproduzir os ideais dominantes, favorecendo o mercado; ser o espaço da crítica, articulação e socialização política.
Variações locais na implementação de políticas públicas de educação integral: estudo de casos de duas escolas da rede pública estadual do município de Patos de Minas/MG
Authors: Oliveira Lorena Alves de , Campos Marilene De Souza
Published: January 2020

Este estudo de caso duplo teve por objetivo avaliar se a implementação da política pública da escola em tempo integral em duas escolas da rede pública estadual de Patos de Minas/MG produziu variações em relação ao modelo previsto nas normas estaduais. Combinou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Realizou-se análise temática de conteúdo de 16 entrevistas, por meio do Programa Atlas TI 7.0. A normativa prevista é implementada parcialmente por falta de recursos materiais, financeiros, humanos, espaço físico e interesse da comunidade.
Inativos da educação: despesa da educação?
Authors: Souza Fábio Araujo de
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação dos recursos da educação no pagamento de inativos da educação e no déficit previdenciário. Essas despesas serem pagas pela educação não é consenso para vários órgãos dos três poderes. Foram analisadas diversas legislações, estudos específicos sobre o tema, processos judiciais dentre outros documentos. A conivência dos órgãos fiscalizadores e o imbróglio legal são indutores dessa despesa persistir na educação. Como resultado se constatou que a maioria dos governos pagam inativo da educação e déficit da previdência com recursos da educação, que na mesma medida deixam de financiar suas redes públicas de ensino.
Militarização das escolas e a narrativa da qualidade da educação
Authors: Pinheiro Daniel Calbino , Pereira Rafael Diogo , Sabino Geruza De Fátima Tome
Published: January 2020

Por meio de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica o trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as concepções e condições para a qualidade manifesta na defesa dos colégios militares e escolas cívico-militares. Enquanto resultados mostraremos que por trás do resgate da pedagogia militar da educação, os padrões de qualidade reproduzem a mesma dinâmica dos sistemas de avaliação dos governos anteriores, silenciando ainda as condições materiais que legitimam os supostos desempenhos acadêmicos.
Do Oiapoque ao Chuí - as escolas civis militarizadas: a experiência no extremo norte do Brasil e o neoconservadorismo da sociedade brasileira
Authors: Ribeiro Adalberto Carvalho , Rubini Patrícia Silva
Published: January 2020

Refletir as razões do aceite social do novo modelo de gestão militar em escolas civis mostrando o ritual em determinada unidade localizada no norte do Brasil. Abordagem qualitativa. Estudos na literatura, sítios jornalísticos e pesquisa empírica com observações, conversas informais, entrevista referentes a experiência situada no Amapá. O método de análise dos instrumentos foi análise do discurso. Resultados apontam que não há nenhuma novidade. É a velha Pedagogia Bancária que retira do aluno o protagonismo. Estamos diante de uma das facetas neoconservadoras em andamento no Brasil.
Gestão democrática e militarização do ensino: reflexões a partir de um estudo de caso
Authors: De Lima Carolina Barreiros de , Netto Natalia Barboza , Souza Janaina Moreira Pacheco de
Published: January 2020

O artigo aborda a gestão democrática no ensino público, problematizada a partir de pesquisa realizada em uma instituição militar de ensino do Rio de Janeiro. Um estudo de caso delineado em 2017, subsidiado por fontes documentais, entrevistas e observações apontou limites para esse processo em uma escola com características tão peculiares. Análises pautadas nos modelos de organização tensionaram a concretização de uma efetiva gestão democrática nesse espaço, fato que vai de encontro à proposta de criação e expansão de escolas cívico-militares de educação básica, instituída pela atual governança presidencial brasileira e apontada pelo Decreto nº 9.465/2019.
Escola militar para quem? O processo de militarização das escolas na rede estadual de ensino do Piauí
Authors: Soares Marina Gleika Felipe , Silva Samara De Oliveira , Almeida Lucine Rodrigues Vasconcelos Borges de , Dos Santos Soares Lucineide Maria , Da Cruz Rosana Evangelsita
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo objetiva analisar as condições para o acesso e permanência na escola militarizada, o padrão de qualidade, os recursos financeiros, pedagógicos, administrativos e de gestão investidos pela SEDUC-PI. Neste estudo, delineamos o processo de militarização das escolas da Educação Básica da Rede Estadual Pública do Piauí de 2015 até os dias atuais, caracterizando a primeira escola militar do Estado do Piauí, assim como denunciando o caráter antidemocrático dessa escola e, por fim, o Projeto de Lei nº 51 de 26/03/2019 de expansão da militarização que está tramitando na ALEPI. Os resultados apresentados evidenciam que o tratamento por parte da SEDUC-PI no processo de gestão e financiamento na escola militarizada é diferenciado, com investimento como “modelo” de um padrão de qualidade em detrimento das demais escolas da rede estadual de educação.
Entre a escola e o quartel: a negação do direito à educação
Authors: Lacé Andréia Mello , Santos Catarina De Almeida , Nogueira Danielle Xabregas Pamplona
Published: January 2020

Este artigo analisa a militarização nas escolas públicas com o objetivo de extrair evidências sobre a efetivação da garantia do direito à educação com qualidade nesse modelo de gestão. Analisa os pressupostos da militarização à luz dos preceitos constitucionais do direito à educação e da qualidade socialmente referenciada. Foram realizadas análises documentais em fontes primárias e secundárias, matérias jornalísticas e produções teóricas sobre o tema. Concluiu-se que o modelo analisado preconiza a negação do direito à educação e da efetivação do princípio da qualidade socialmente referenciada.
Militarização das escolas públicas no Brasil: um debate necessário
Authors: Santos Catarina De Almeida , Alves Miriam Fábia , Mocarzel Marcelo , Moehlecke Sabrina
Published: January 2020

Editorial.
Exploring Dysregulated Signaling Pathways in Cancer
Authors: Nisar Sabah , Hashem Sheema , Macha Muzafar A. , Yadav Santosh K. , Muralitharan Sankavi , Therachiyil Lubna , Sageena Geetanjali , Al-Naemi Hamda , Haris Mohammad , Bhat Ajaz A.
Published: January 2020

Cancer cell biology takes advantage of identifying diverse cellular signaling pathways that are disrupted in cancer. Signaling pathways are an important means of communication from the exterior of cell to intracellular mediators, as well as intracellular interactions that govern diverse cellular processes. Oncogenic mutations or abnormal expression of signaling components disrupt the regulatory networks that govern cell function, thus enabling tumor cells to undergo dysregulated mitogenesis, to resist apoptosis, and to promote invasion to neighboring tissues. Unraveling of dysregulated signaling pathways may advance the understanding of tumor pathophysiology and lead to the improvement of targeted tumor therapy. In this review article, different signaling pathways and how their dysregulation contributes to the development of tumors have been discussed.
Inflammatory Biomarkers for Mood Disorders - A Brief Narrative Review
Authors: Chang Hui H. , Chen Po S.
Published: January 2020

Background:

The nervous system and the immune system interact consistently in the brain and peripheries.
Inflammation in the brain not only alters the metabolism of neurotransmitters, but also causes network
dysfunction, structural changes, and the development of mood symptomology in patients with mood disorders. In
addition, the dysregulation of the neuroimmune axis in mood disorders drives multiple-system comorbidities.
Furthermore, patients with low-grade inflammation are more likely to exhibit treatment resistance with both
pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy.

Objective:

The aim of this review was to examine the available data regarding not only evidence of inflammation
in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and their comorbid conditions, but also potential inflammatory biomarkers
of mood disorders.

Methods:

Studies of the use of adjunct anti-inflammatory medications in mood disorders, and inflammatory biomarkers
that may guide treatment outcomes in mood disorders, were summarized.

Results:

Studies have demonstrated that certain adjunct anti-inflammatory medications might help to improve
mood symptoms and reduce comorbidities, and the baseline levels of inflammatory biomarkers, such as peripheral
C-reactive protein (CRP), could be used to stratify the treatment outcome. All results suggested that the identification
of peripheral and brain inflammatory biomarkers for the diagnosis, outcome prediction, staging, and
stratification of interventions of mood disorders has emerged as an important area of translational research in
psychiatry.

Conclusion:

Inflammatory biomarkers could guide interventions and enhance treatment response in patients with
mood disorders. The main challenge is that substantial complexities might hamper the attainment of this goal.
Nose-to-brain Delivery of Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders
Authors: Bicker Joana , Fortuna Ana , Alves Gilberto , Falcão Amílcar
Published: January 2020

Background:

Several natural compounds have demonstrated potential for the treatment of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic cerebrovascular disease, glioblastoma, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis and migraine. This is due to their well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, anti-ischemic and analgesic properties. Nevertheless, many of these molecules have poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability and extensive gastrointestinal and/or hepatic first-pass metabolism, leading to a quick elimination as well as low serum and tissue concentrations. Thus, the intranasal route emerged as a viable alternative to oral or parenteral administration, by enabling a direct transport into the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal nerves. With this approach, the blood-brain barrier is circumvented and peripheral exposure is reduced, thereby minimizing possible adverse effects.

Objective:

Herein, brain-targeting strategies for nose-to-brain delivery of natural compounds, including flavonoids, cannabinoids, essential oils and terpenes, will be reviewed and discussed. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of these molecules will be analyzed and related to their physicochemical characteristics and formulation properties.

Conclusion:

Natural compounds constitute relevant alternatives for the treatment of brain diseases but often require loading into nanocarrier systems to reach the central nervous system in sufficient concentrations. Future challenges lie in a deeper characterization of their therapeutic mechanisms and in the development of effective, safe and brain-targeted delivery systems for their intranasal administration
Vertical Tooth Root Fracture Detection through Cone-beam Computed Tomography: An Umbrella Review Protocol Testing Four Hypotheses
Authors: Afrashtehfar Kelvin Ian , MacDonald David
Published: January 2020

Detecting vertical root fractures represents an immense challenge for oral health professionals. One of the main tools used to detect this type of biological complication is the periapical radiograph. However, conventional radiography consists of two-dimensional imaging that is limited by the superimposition of bony structures that complicate the detection of root fractures. The alternative, a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scan, cannot be prescribed in every case since radiation should be kept to a minimum as stipulated by the “As Low As Reasonably Achievable” (ALARA) principle. Therefore, to justify the use of a CBCT scan to detect a vertical tooth root fracture, the clinician must prove that it has significant benefits over traditional imaging. Since few systematic reviews have compared CBCT technology to traditional radiography for the diagnosis of vertical root fractures, it is of utmost importance in clinical practice, especially in endodontology and clinical dental medicine, where the available reviews are examined to generate a clinical recommendation. The four hypotheses of this protocol are that(1)CBCT is superior to traditional radiography for detecting vertical root fractures of vital teeth;(2)CBCT is superior to traditional radiography for detecting longitudinal root fractures of vital teeth with radiopaque restorations;(3)CBCT is superior to traditional radiography for detecting vertical root fractures of root-filled teeth without a radiopaque post that may cause artifacts; and(4)CBCT is superior to traditional radiography for detecting vertical root fractures of root-filled teeth with a radiopaque post regardless of its longitude. To test these hypotheses, all the current secondary resources related to the aim of this meta-review are evaluated. If there is sufficient evidence to support clinical decisions, then the appropriate recommendations will be formulated.

PROSPERO ID: CRD42018067792
Association of Periodontal Disease and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Farook Fathima F. , Ng Ka Ting , MNM Nuzaim , Koh Wen J. , Teoh Wan Y.
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Several articles have suggested a potential synergistic relationship between periodontal disease and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes mellitus. However, the associations between periodontal disease and PCOS population remain unclear in the literature.

Objective:

The primary aim of this review is to examine the associations between periodontal disease and PCOS with different scoring methods, namely clinical attachment loss, probing depth, gingival index, percentage of bleeding on probing and plaque index.

Methods:

MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL were systematically searched for observational studies and case-control studies from its inception until 2ndJune, 2019. Case reports, case series, non-systematic reviews and trials published as abstracts were excluded.

Results:

Four articles (614 subjects) were included for analysis. Out of 614 subjects, 329 PCOS patients were compared to 285 healthy subjects. In comparison to healthy cohort, women with PCOS had a statistically significant increase in clinical attachment loss (MD: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.55,ρ=0.002), probing depth (MD: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.21-0.48,ρ<0.001), gingival index (MD: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.70-1.11,ρ<0.001) and percentage of bleeding on probing (MD: 34.41, 95% CI: 20.23-48.59,ρ<0.001). No difference was demonstrated in plaque index (MD: 0.42, 95% CI: -0.29-1.12,ρ=0.24) for both PCOS and healthy cohort.

Conclusion:

PCOS is significantly associated with a higher severity of the periodontal disease. This association should be emphasized during the management of PCOS patients, by including referral to dentists or periodontists for regular mechanical debridement of plaque and periodontal maintenance.
Enhancing Dental Carving Skills of Preclinical Dental Hygiene Students Using Online Dental Anatomy Resources
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah A. H. , Alhassan Eltayeb M. , Attia Mahmoud A. , Albanghali Mohammad A.
Published: January 2020

Background:

A key role of dental carving is enhancing manual proficiency and dexterity of dental hygiene students. Yet, utilizing Supplementary Online Dental Anatomy Resources (SODAR) as a supportive teaching approach has demonstrated the ability to improve carving skills.

Objective:

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of SODAR training in improving the quality of dental carving skills and knowledge among preclinical Saudi male students in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A basic double-blinded randomized controlled trial of 30 preclinical Saudi dental male students was conducted between January and April 2019. Participants were classified into an experimental group that received SODAR training (n= 15) and a control group comprising students who did not receive SODAR training (n= 15). Thet-test and Fisher’s exact test were performed to assess differences in theoretical knowledge between the two groups. While Cohen’s d test,t-test, and Pearson correlation were conducted to evaluate differences in students’ dental carvings.

Results:

Students with SODAR training performed better on practical carving sessions than those without intervention (P-value < 0.001). However, SODAR intervention had no significant effect on the theoretical knowledge evaluations in both the groups.

Conclusion:

SODAR training demonstrated its ability to support students learning in practical carving sessions; however, no effect on theoretical knowledge was observed. Future research should focus on factors that impact carving teaching strategies, including the quality and depth of online learning content, students’ perceptions of online learning, and experiences of teachers who run the online resources.
Obesity and Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review on Current Evidence and Putative Molecular Links
Authors: Di Spirito Federica , Sbordone Ludovico , Pilone Vincenzo , D’Ambrosio Francesco
Published: January 2020

Background:

Obesity represents one of the main health problems worldwide and is considered a risk factor for several diseases, including periodontitis, which is a microbially-associated inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting structures.

Objective:

The aim of this review was to report the current direct and indirect evidence concerning the possible association between obesity and periodontitis and their putative molecular links.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted between January 1999 and September 2019, in PubMed/MEDLINE and Science Direct databases, using pertinent keyword combined by Boolean operators. Through a multi-step screening process (literature search; articles title and abstract evaluation and full-text reading), studies fitting inclusion/exclusion criteria were considered for the review.

Results:

35 studies were included in the present review (17 observational studies; 7 systematic reviews; 11 systematic reviews with meta-analysis), focusing on the direct and indirect evidence of the possible association between obesity and periodontitis and their potential etiopathogenic molecular links

Conclusion:

Although the majority of the studies reported a positive association between obesity and periodontitis, the heterogeneity of the classification criteria and of the clinical parameters employed in the studies for both obesity and periodontitis evaluation, complicated the comparison of the results, thus considered inconclusive. Although several putative molecular pathogenic links between obesity and periodontitis have been highlighted, further studies, with longer follow-ups and with homogeneous clinical criteria, are needed to better understand the putative relation between obesity and periodontal disease.
Non-Invasive Imaging for Evaluating Cardiovascular Involvement in Patients with Primary and Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Atteritano Marco , Visconti Luca , Dattilo Giuseppe , Zuppardo Carmelo , Lacquaniti Antonio , Parato Vito Maurizio , Migliorato Alessandro , Conti Giovanni , Santoro Domenico
Published: January 2020

Background:

Evidence suggests that proteinuric diseases, such as primary or secondary glomerulonephritis, increase cardiovascular risk, but few studies confirmed this association.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional, observational study on 32 patients, 17 with Primary Glomerulonephritis (PG) and 15 with Lupus Glomerulonephritis (LG). The control group consisted of 32 healthy individuals. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the left common carotid artery, carotid bifurcation and internal carotid artery was measured by ultrasound. Left ventricular myocardial deformation was assessed by the use of the Global Circumferential Strain (GCS) and the Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) following 2-Dimensional (2D) echocardiography in all participants.

Results:

Patients with glomerulonephritis in both groups showed significantly lower GLS compared with controls (p=0.0005). There was also a significant difference in common carotid IMT values between the LG and GP group (0.45±0.09 vs. 0.58±0.17 mm, respectively; p=0.01), but there was no difference with the control group. In patient group (n=32), a significantly positive correlation was observed between C-reactive protein and proteinuria (r=0.98; p<0.0001), whereas negative correlations were found between common carotid IMT and creatinine clearance (r=-0.97; p<0.0001) and between carotid bifurcation IMT and phosphate levels (r=-0.97; p<0.0001)

Conclusion:

Subclinical systolic myocardial dysfunction is present early in the course of glomerular disease. The use of 2D GLS revealed that LG and PG patients with no cardiovascular symptoms or history and a preserved left ventricle ejection fraction on conventional echocardiography had subclinical reduction in LV global longitudinal systolic function compared with controls.
Patellar Tendon Rupture Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Heer Steven T. , O’Dowd James , R. Butler Rebecca , O. Dewitt David , Khanna Gaurav , Mirzayan Raffy
Published: January 2020

Background:

Patellar tendon rupture following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is rare. There is no consensus on optimal treatment.

Methods:

All patients who underwent a primary repair of a traumatic patellar tendon rupture following a TKA between 2008 and 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Patient information, implant, repair type (anchor vs. bone tunnel), graft use, and complications were recorded.

Results:

Twenty-six patients met our inclusion criteria. The average age was 69.7+11 years. There were 19 females (73.1%). The average time from TKA to PT rupture was 13.6 months (range: 0- 135 months). The average incidence was 62.32 per 100,000 TKA. PT was repaired with anchors (A) in 9 (4 with a graft) and trans-osseous tunnels (TO) in 12 (5 required graft), and 5 with other methods. There was a significant improvement in KSS from 61 to 83 (P=0.023). There was a significant difference in time from PT tear to surgery in patients with grafts (42 days) and those without grafts (6 days) (P<0.001). Compared to A repair, TO had 2.39 times odds of re-tear (95% CI: 0.38,15.4; P=0.354) and 1.37 times odds of infection (95% CI:0.074,25.6; P=0.83). Repairs with a graft had a 1.90 times odds of re-tear (95% CI: 0.29, 12.19; P=0.49) and 6.3 time odds of infection (95% CI 0.26, 166.7; P=0.25).

Conclusion:

Surgical repair of PT tears following TKA leads to significant clinical improvement, regardless of the fixation method or graft use. We found no difference in outcomes between A and TO repairs and or with graft use.
Quadriceps Tendon Rupture Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Heer Steven T. , O'Dowd James , Butler Rebecca R. , Dewitt David O. , Khanna Gaurav , Mirzayan Raffy
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Rupture of a Quadriceps Tendon (QT) following a Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a rare complication. The purpose of this study was to report outcomes and complications of QT repair following TKA.

Methods:

From a cohort of 437 QT repairs, 19 individuals were identified who had previously undergone a TKA on the ipsilateral leg. Data was collected on individuals with a minimum follow up of 3 months post QT repair (n=16), including Knee Society Scores, pre and post-operative lag, and pre and post-operative range of motion.

Results:

13 patients were treated with End-to-End (EE) repairs and 6 were treated with transosseous or suture anchor repair (ATO). In the ATO group, there was no difference in pre (68.0 ± 22.5) and post KSS (82 ± 9.16) (p=0.231), but in the EE group, there was a significant improvement in KSS (pre=67.8 ± 13.1, post=86 ± 16.75, p=0.0027). There was significant difference in post-operative extension lag between ATO (26.0 ± 12.6) vs. EE (4.0 ± 2.74) (p=0.0083). Four out of six ATO patients had extension lag ≥10 degree extensor lag (66.7%) compared to 2 out of 13 (15.4%) patients in the EE group. Compared to EE, ATO repair had an 8.00 times odds of re-tear (95% CI: 0.53,120.6; p=0.133) and 2.75 times greater risk of infection (95% CI: 0.284, 26.61; p=0.382).

Conclusion:

Patients who underwent EE repair had better functional improvements compared to the ATO group and smaller extension lag.
Subchondral Insufficiency Fracture of the Femoral Head Complicated after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Suzuki Atomu , Mine Takatomo , Ihara Koichiro , Kawamura Hiroyuki , Kuriyama Ryutaro , Tominaga Yasunari
Published: January 2020

Subchondral Insufficiency Fracture (SIF) of the femoral head has been observed in elderly women with osteoporosis. We present a rare case of subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head complicated after total knee arthroplasty. Histological findings suggested osteonecrosis or SIF of the femoral head. MRI characteristics were considered to be useful for the differentiation between osteonecrosis and SIF. Several pathological conditions may be related to SIF of the femoral head, but its detailed pathogenesis is still unknown.
Possibility of Meniscal Repair for Degenerative and Horizontal Tears
Authors: Mine Takatomo , Ueda Takaaki , Ihara Koichiro , Kawamura Hiroyuki , Kuriyama Ryutaro , Tominaga Yasunari
Published: January 2020

Background:

Poor long-term clinical results have been reported following partial and total menisectomy. To preserve the meniscus, many surgeons perform meniscal repairs when possible. However, meniscal repair for degenerative tears and white-white tears is challenging.

Methods:

15 patients underwent meniscal repair for degenerative and horizontal tears. Follow-up evaluation included clinical assessment and Magnetic Resonance Imaging examination. The mean follow-up time was 11.9 months (from 8 months to 13 months).

Result:

The healing rate on clinical assessment was 86.6% 12 months after surgery. MRI showed partial healing in 12 patients, complete healing in 1 and no healing in 2 after 12 months.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that it may be possible to repair degenerative and horizontal meniscal tears.
Median Nerve Schwannoma of the Hand and Wrist: 3 Cases
Authors: Xarchas Konstantinos C , Kyriakopoulos Georgios , Vlachou Maria , Manthas Spyros
Published: January 2020

Tumors of the median nerve are difficult to diagnose and median nerve schwannomas are rare. During a ten-year period, we treated eleven median nerve schwannomas found on the hand (nine) and wrist (two). All the tumors were treated by enucleation under loupe magnification and tourniquet application. All had a favorable result at a mean follow up of five years. We present three of our most typical cases, with schwannomas found on the wrist, palm and thumb. We also review the literature offering a wider view on the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of schwannomas in general.
Epidemiology of a Femur Shaft Fracture in an Acute Critical Care Center in a Rural Area of Japan
Authors: Kushida Yoshihiro , Omori Kazuhiko , Muramatsu Ken-ichi , Nagasawa Hiroki , Takeuchi Ikuto , Jitsuiki Kei , Ohsaka Hiromichi , Oode Yasumasa , Ito Hiroshi , Yanagawa Youichi
Published: January 2020

Purpose:

Japan has the most rapidly aging population in the world. As of 2017, the number of people ≥65 years of age in Japan was 35.1 million, constituting 27.7% of the total population. The purpose of the study was to investigate the epidemiology in patients with a femur shaft fracture in a rural area with a super-aging population.

Methods:

Electronic medical charts from January 2011 to March 2019 were retrospectively reviewed for all patients with the main disease of ‘femur shaft fracture’ who had been transported to Numazu City Hospital. Subjects were divided into two groups based on the mechanism of injury: a Low-Energy (LE) group, which included patients who had been injured by falling down or suffered a fracture while walking; and a High-Energy (HE) group, which included patients who had been injured by traffic accidents or free fall from a high place (over 3 m). The variables were compared between the two groups.

Results:

During the investigation period, there were 58 patients with the femur shaft fracture, including 28 patients in the HE group and 30 in the LE group. The male ratio, injury severity score and ratio of open fracture in the HE group were significantly greater than in the LE group. The age and systolic blood pressure in the HE group were significantly lower than in the LE group.

Conclusion:

Among patients with femur shaft fracture in the acute critical care center in a rural area of Japan, where the population is super-aging, the frequency of HE and LE femur shaft fracture was almost the same. The fragility of the femur shaft in elderly people may explain this tendency.
Impression Management within Instagram Stories: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Sukmayadi Vidi , Yahya Azizul Halim
Published: January 2020

Objective:

This study is aimed at exploring the motivation and impression management strategies of “Instagram Stories” users.

Materials and Methods:

The authors interviewed 30 Instagram influencers in updating their contents on the Instagram Stories feature. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture the informants’ experience and consciousness in producing their online content as a part of their impression management.

Results:

The main findings of the study were as follows; First, Self-existence, viewers’ attractiveness, and innovativeness of the application have become the core motivation for the users in choosing the Instastory feature. Secondly, the impression management applied by the users as their front stage lies in the construction of their uploaded contents. Lastly, the users of Instagram Stories constructed their content in the form of thematic consistency, uniqueness, “captions” and information (image) editing.

Conclusion:

The present study indicated that the impression management pattern in using Instagram stories had become an integral part of the uploaded content to fulfil the users’ highest self-satisfaction and maximum impacts on the viewers as well as their virtual followers.
What Level of Tourism Traffic Should be planned for in North Carolina’s Major Tourism Areas
Authors: Wilck Joseph , Kauffmann Paul , Lynch Paul
Published: January 2020

Aims:

The purpose of this research is to provide the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) with an execution strategy for using traffic counts in high tourism areas to aid in the development of Comprehensive Transportation Plans (CTPs). Due to the high variability of traffic counts in these localities, it is arbitrary to apply the typical weekday traffic count as the reference metric for developing the CTPs for these areas.

Methods:

A literature review and assessment of best practices, forecasting models, and implementation strategies are provided. The first and primary recommendation with respect to Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) calculations and planning is to incorporate peak-usage and directionality; whether it be hourly or monthly. Urban areas will have AADT values similar to the design value. However, seasonal areas, such as tourist locations, will have significant differences between the design value and the AADT.

Results:

While other states (notably Nevada and Florida) have incorporated peak-hour usage ratios into their planning forecasts, the recommendation in this report suggests using an average of the two busiest months (as shown in the case studies) when peak-hour usage rates are unknown.

Conclusion:

The primary recommendations should be addressed tactically (i.e., 3-5 years), and phased-in as resources are available. Other recommendations should be addressed strategically (i.e., 5-10 years), and phased-in as resources are available. Future work, including simulation modeling could be completed to test different levels of funding and to compare different approaches.
Empirical Study on the Accuracy and Precision of Automatic Passenger Counting in European Bus Services
Authors: Olivo Alessandro , Maternini Giulio , Barabino Benedetto
Published: January 2020

Background:

An Automatic Passenger Counting system represents a powerful resource for an efficient operational planning of public transport companies, but it gives rise to several challenges such as accuracy and precision, which must be addressed in order to operate successfully.

Objective:

Unlike previous studies in the North American bus market, this paper evaluates the accuracy and precision of an infrared APC system in a European bus market.

Methods:

The accuracy is evaluated by considering: (i) the presence/absence of the error and its direction; (ii) the magnitude of the error disregarding the direction and (iii) some tests on the nature of the error. The precision is evaluated by direct and inverse regression models and somet-teston biases.

Results:

As for accuracy, a small average magnitude of the errors is observed. In addition, the APC accurately measures alighting passengers, while it presents a slight tendency to systematically undercount boarding passengers. As for precision, the amount of measurement error due to the APC system exists and, even if it is relatively contained, it is statistically significant for boarding and alighting passengers.

Conclusion:

Although one type of APC system is evaluated only on one bus, it seems quite accurate for recording alighting passengers, whereas a correction factor should be applied for boarding passengers.
Correlation Between Oral and Dental Health Status of Primary School Children and Their Family Quality of Life in Torbat Heydariyeh County in Iran
Authors: Yaghoobi Hamideh , Rohani Camelia , Farahani Azam Shirin Abadi , Matbouei Mahsa , Tatari Maryam
Published: January 2020

Background:

Due to little information on Iranian families, this study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the oral-dental health status of primary school children and their Family’s Quality of Life (QoL).

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, the oral-dental health status of 251 primary school children in Torbat Heydariyeh county, Iran, was examined according to decayed, missing, and filled teeth index for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) teeth by a checklist. Their mothers (n=251) responded to the Family Impact Scale (FIS) for the assessment of family’s QoL. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 by Poisson and Multiple Linear Regression analyses.

Results:

Primary dental caries of children at an intermediate level (dmft = 3.4 ± 3.1) and their permanent dental caries at a low level (DMFT = 2.6 ± 2.9) were evaluated. The mean score of families’ QoL was estimated 13±7.5 out of a maximum of 56. Pearson correlation test showed that there was no significant correlation between the FIS and dmft/DMFT index (P > 0.05). Regression models revealed that there was a correlation between mothers' dental visits over the past 8 months with the dmft (p=0.006), the DMFT index (p=0.016) and families’ QoL (p=0.045).

Conclusion:

Although our study didn't show a correlation between the dental health status of children and family’s QoL, the findings showed that there is still a gap between the goals of the WHO and the dental health status of children in Torbat Heydariyeh county.
Prevalence and Predictors of Routine Prostate-specific Antigen Screening in Medicare Beneficiaries in the USA: Retrospective Cohort Analysis Using Machine Learning
Authors: Das Ashis Kumar , Gopalan Saji Saraswathy
Published: January 2020

Objective:

To estimate the prevalence and predictors of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening among Medicare beneficiary men using machine learning algorithms.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort analysis used the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File (MCBS PUF) data from 2015 and 2016. Predictors of PSA screening were examined through multivariable logistic regression and machine learning techniques.

Results:

Over half (56%) of Medicare beneficiary men had PSA screening during 2015-2016. Ages between 65 and 75 years, education above high school, being married, higher annual income (>$25,000), being overweight or obese, and more than 20 outpatient office visits were significant predictors.

Conclusion:

PSA screening uptake was 56 percent among Medicare beneficiaries and it was driven by beneficiaries’ age, education, marital status, income, body mass index, and number of outpatient visits. Although Medicare provides free annual PSA screening, uptake was higher among high-income beneficiaries. Awareness strategies would help inform privileges for PSA screening under Medicare and the advantages of routine screening for mitigating the health risks.