bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generalized partially functional linear model
Authors: Xiao Weiwei , Wang Yixuan , Liu Haiyan
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a generalized partially functional linear regression model is proposed and the asymptotic property of the proposed estimated coefficients in the model is established. Extensive simulation experiment results are consistent with the theoretical result. Finally, two application examples of the model are given. One is sleep quality study where we studied the effects of heart rate, percentage of sleep time on total sleep in bed, wake after sleep onset and number of wakening during the night on sleep quality in 22 healthy people. The other one is mortality rate where we studied the effects of air quality index, temperature, relative humidity, GDP per capita and the number of beds per thousand people on the mortality rate across 80 major cities in China.
Economic and environmental impact assessment of sustainable future irrigation practices in the Indus Basin of Pakistan
Authors: Muzammil Muhammad , Zahid Azlan , Breuer Lutz
Published: December 2021

Pakistan’s agriculture is characterized by insecure water supply and poor irrigation practices. We investigate the economic and environmental feasibility of alternative improved irrigation technologies (IIT) by estimating the site-specific irrigation costs, groundwater anomalies, and CO2 emissions. IIT consider different energy sources including solar power in combination with changes in the irrigation method. The status quo irrigation costs are estimated to 1301 million US$ year−1, its groundwater depletion to 6.3 mm year−1 and CO2 emissions to 4.12 million t year−1, of which 96% originate from energy consumption and 4% via bicarbonate extraction from groundwater. Irrigation costs of IIT increase with all energy sources compared to the status quo, which is mainly based on diesel engine. This is because of additional variable and fixed costs for system’s operation. Of these, subsidized electricity induces lowest costs for farmers with 63% extra costs followed by solar energy with 77%. However, groundwater depletion can even be reversed with 35% rise in groundwater levels via IIT. Solar powered irrigation can break down CO2 emissions by 81% whilst other energy sources boost emissions by up to 410%. Results suggest that there is an extremely opposing development between economic and ecological preferences, requiring stakeholders to negotiate viable trade-offs.
Chemical strategies for triggering the immune response to the mycotoxin patulin
Authors: Duncan Hadyn , Mercader Josep V. , Agulló Consuelo , Gil-Sepulcre Marcos , Abad-Somovilla Antonio , Abad-Fuentes Antonio
Published: December 2021

Mycotoxins represent a major concern for human and animal health because of their harmful effects and high occurrence in food and feed. Rapid immunoanalytical methods greatly contribute to strengthening the safety of our food supply by efficiently monitoring chemical contaminants, so high-affinity and specific antibodies have been generated for almost all internationally regulated mycotoxins. The only exception is patulin, a mycotoxin mainly produced by Penicillium expansum for which such a target has not yet been achieved. Accordingly, no point-of-need tests commonly used in food immunodiagnostics are commercially available for patulin. In the present study, three functionalized derivatives conforming to generally accepted rules in hapten design were firstly tested to generate suitable antibodies for the sensitive immunodetection of patulin. However, these conventional bioconjugates were unable to elicit the desired immune response, so an alternative strategy that takes advantage of the high electrophilic reactivity of patulin was explored. Patulin was reacted with 4-bromothiophenol, and the obtained adduct was used to produce antibodies with nanomolar affinity values. These results demonstrated for the first time that targeting the adduct resulting from the reaction of patulin with a thiol-containing compound is a promising approach for developing user-friendly immunoanalytical techniques for this elusive mycotoxin.
Macroclimatic conditions as main drivers for symbiotic association patterns in lecideoid lichens along the Transantarctic Mountains, Ross Sea region, Antarctica
Authors: Wagner Monika , Brunauer Georg , Bathke Arne C. , Cary S. Craig , Fuchs Roman , Sancho Leopoldo G. , Türk Roman , Ruprecht Ulrike
Published: December 2021

Lecideoid lichens as dominant vegetation-forming organisms in the climatically harsh areas of the southern part of continental Antarctica show clear preferences in relation to environmental conditions (i.e. macroclimate). 306 lichen samples were included in the study, collected along the Ross Sea coast (78°S–85.5°S) at six climatically different sites. The species compositions as well as the associations of their two dominant symbiotic partners (myco- and photobiont) were set in context with environmental conditions along the latitudinal gradient. Diversity values were nonlinear with respect to latitude, with the highest alpha diversity in the milder areas of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (78°S) and the most southern areas (Durham Point, 85.5°S; Garden Spur, 84.5°S), and lowest in the especially arid and cold Darwin Area (~ 79.8°S). Furthermore, the specificity of mycobiont species towards their photobionts decreased under more severe climate conditions. The generalist lichen species Lecanora fuscobrunnea and Lecidea cancriformis were present in almost all habitats, but were dominant in climatically extreme areas. Carbonea vorticosa, Lecidella greenii and Rhizoplaca macleanii were confined to milder areas. In summary, the macroclimate is considered to be the main driver of species distribution, making certain species useful as bioindicators of climate conditions and, consequently, for assessing the consequences of climate change.
Assessment of behavioral, morphological and electrophysiological changes in prenatal and postnatal valproate induced rat models of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fereshetyan Katarine , Chavushyan Vergine , Danielyan Margarita , Yenkoyan Konstantin
Published: December 2021

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders, that are characterized by core symptoms, such as alterations of social communication and restrictive or repetitive behavior. The etiology and pathophysiology of disease is still unknown, however, there is a strong interaction between genetic and environmental factors. An intriguing point in autism research is identification the vulnerable time periods of brain development that lack compensatory homeostatic corrections. Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug with a pronounced teratogenic effect associated with a high risk of ASD, and its administration to rats during the gestation is used for autism modeling. It has been hypothesized that valproate induced damage and functional alterations of autism target structures may occur and evolve during early postnatal life. Here, we used prenatal and postnatal administrations of VPA to investigate the main behavioral features which are associated with autism spectrum disorders core symptoms were tested in early juvenile and adult rats. Neuroanatomical lesion of autism target structures and electrophysiological studies in specific neural circuits. Our results showed that prenatal and early postnatal administration of valproate led to the behavioral alterations that were similar to ASD. Postnatally treated group showed tendency to normalize in adulthood. We found pronounced structural changes in the brain target regions of prenatally VPA-treated groups, and an absence of abnormalities in postnatally VPA-treated groups, which confirmed the different severity of VPA across different stages of brain development. The results of this study clearly show time dependent effect of VPA on neurodevelopment, which might be explained by temporal differences of brain regions’ development process. Presumably, postnatal administration of valproate leads to the dysfunction of synaptic networks that is recovered during the lifespan, due to the brain plasticity and compensatory ability of circuit refinement. Therefore, investigations of compensatory homeostatic mechanisms activated after VPA administration and directed to eliminate the defects in postnatal brain, may elucidate strategies to improve the course of disease.
Safety and effectiveness of reduced-port laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in Asian morbidly obese patients
Authors: Park Yeshong , Park Young Suk , Lee Sangjun , Kang So Hyun , Lee Eunju , Ahn Sang-Hoon , Suh Yun-Suhk , Park Do Joong , Kim Hyung-Ho
Published: December 2021

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is the most frequently performed surgical intervention in patients with morbid obesity. Single-port sleeve gastrectomy (SPSG) and reduced-port sleeve gastrectomy (RPSG) are increasingly reported in the literature. This study compared the short-term outcomes of SPSG, RPSG, and conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (CLSG). This is a single-center retrospective study of 238 morbidly obese patients, of whom 148 (62.2%) patients completed follow-up one year after surgery. Propensity score matching was performed on factors influencing the choice of approach, and fifty patients from the SPSG + RPSG and CLSG groups were successfully matched. The groups were comparable in postoperative weight loss, morbidity, pain, and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. The percentage of excess weight loss after one year was 90.0% in the SPSG + RPSG group and 75.2% in the CLSG group (P < 0.001). Complication rates showed no significant difference. The CLSG group was superior in dyslipidemia remission (17 [37.0%] vs. 28 [63.6%], P = 0.018) in the total cohort; however, this difference disappeared after matching. Our results suggest that single-port and reduced-port approaches could be alternative choices for selected patients. As our study was limited by its retrospective nature and potential selection bias, further studies are necessary to set standardized guidelines for SPSG.
Robust bacterial co-occurence community structures are independent of r- and K-selection history
Authors: Pettersen Jakob Peder , Gundersen Madeleine S. , Almaas Eivind
Published: December 2021

Selection for bacteria which are K-strategists instead of r-strategists has been shown to improve fish health and survival in aquaculture. We considered an experiment where microcosms were inoculated with natural seawater and the selection regime was switched from K-selection (by continuous feeding) to r-selection (by pulse feeding) and vice versa. We found the networks of significant co-occurrences to contain clusters of taxonomically related bacteria having positive associations. Comparing this with the time dynamics, we found that the clusters most likely were results of similar niche preferences of the involved bacteria. In particular, the distinction between r- or K-strategists was evident. Each selection regime seemed to give rise to a specific pattern, to which the community converges regardless of its prehistory. Furthermore, the results proved robust to parameter choices in the analysis, such as the filtering threshold, level of random noise, replacing absolute abundances with relative abundances, and the choice of similarity measure. Even though our data and approaches cannot directly predict ecological interactions, our approach provides insights on how the selection regime affects the composition of the microbial community, providing a basis for aquaculture experiments targeted at eliminating opportunistic fish pathogens.
Metabolic tumour volume on 18F-FDG PET/CT predicts extended pathological T stages in patients with renal cell carcinoma at staging
Authors: Kim Dongwoo , Lee Narae , Lee Suk Hyun , Kim Hyun Jeong , Hong Hye-Suk , Park Jee Soo , Cho Nam-Hoon , Choi Young Deuk , Ham Won Sik , Lee Seung Hwan , Han Woong Kyu , Yun Mijin
Published: December 2021

We evaluated the predictive value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) for extended pathological T (pT) stages (≥ pT3a) in Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients at staging. Thirty-eight RCC patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT at staging, followed by radical nephrectomy between September 2016 and September 2018, were included in this prospective study. Patients were classified into two groups (limited pT stage: stage T1/2, n = 17; extended pT stage: T3/4, n = 21). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify clinicopathological and metabolic variables to predict extended pT stages. 18F-FDG metabolic parameters were compared in relation to International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). In univariate analysis, maximum standardised uptake value, metabolic tumour volume (MTV), and ISUP grade were significant. In multivariate analysis, MTV was the only significant factor of extended pT stages. With a cut-off MTV of 21.2, an area under the curve was 0.944, which was higher than 0.824 for clinical T stages (p = 0.037). In addition, high MTV, but not tumour size, was significantly correlated with aggressive pathologic features (ISUP grade and LVI). High glycolytic tumour volume on 18F-FDG PET/CT in RCC patients at staging is predictive of extended pT stages which could aid decision-making regarding the best type of surgery.
Adaptive demodulation by deep-learning-based identification of fractional orbital angular momentum modes with structural distortion due to atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Na Youngbin , Ko Do-Kyeong
Published: December 2021

Since the great success of optical communications utilizing orbital angular momentum (OAM), increasing the number of addressable spatial modes in the given physical resources has always been an important yet challenging problem. The recent improvement in measurement resolution through deep-learning techniques has demonstrated the possibility of high-capacity free-space optical communications based on fractional OAM modes. However, due to a tiny gap between adjacent modes, such systems are highly susceptible to external perturbations such as atmospheric turbulence (AT). Here, we propose an AT adaptive neural network (ATANN) and study high-resolution recognition of fractional OAM modes in the presence of turbulence. We perform simulations of fractional OAM beams propagating through a 1-km optical turbulence channel and analyze the effects of turbulence strength, OAM mode interval, and signal noise on the recognition performance of the ATANN. The recognition of multiplexed fractional modes is also investigated to demonstrate the feasibility of high-dimensional data transmission in the proposed deep-learning-based system. Our results show that the proposed model can predict transmitted modes with high accuracy and high resolution despite the collapse of structured fields due to AT and provide stable performance over a wide SNR range.
Clinical effectiveness of posterior-only approach using polyetheretherketone cage combined with single-segment instrumentation for lumbar tuberculosis in children
Authors: Xu Zhengquan , Chen Lanhua , Wang Changsheng , Zhang Liqun , Xu Weihong
Published: December 2021

We sought to investigate the outcomes of posterior-only approach using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage combined with single-segment instrumentation (modified-approach) for mono-segment lumbar tuberculosis in children. Between February 2008 and August 2017 in our hospital, 18 children with single-segment lumbar tuberculosis enrolled in this study were treated by modified-approach. Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively analyzed. Mean follow-up time was 54.6 ± 12.1 months. No severe complications were noted to have occurred. Measures indicated there was satisfactory bone fusion for all patients. Mean Cobb angles were significantly decreased from preoperative angle (19.8° ± 13.1°) to those both postoperatively (− 4.9° ± 7.6°) and at final follow-up (− 3.5° ± 7.3°) (both P < 0.05), with a mean angle loss of 1.7° ± 0.9°. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) returned to normal levels for all patients within 3 months postoperatively. All patients had significant postoperative improvement in neurological performance. The modified-approach was an effective and feasible treatment option for mono-segment children with lumbar tuberculosis. Such procedures can likely help patients by increasing retainment of lumbar mobility and reducing invasiveness.
Decadal shifts in traits of reef fish communities in marine reserves
Authors: Hadj-Hammou Jeneen , McClanahan Tim R. , Graham Nicholas A. J.
Published: December 2021

Marine reserves are known to impact the biomass, biodiversity, and functions of coral reef fish communities, but the effect of protective management on fish traits is less explored. We used a time-series modelling approach to simultaneously evaluate the abundance, biomass, and traits of eight fish families over a chronosequence spanning 44 years of protection. We constructed a multivariate functional space based on six traits known to respond to management or disturbance and affect ecosystem processes: size, diet, position in the water column, gregariousness, reef association, and length at maturity. We show that biomass increased with a log-linear trend over the time-series, but abundance only increased after 20 years of closure, and with more variation among reserves. This difference is attributed to recovery rates being dependent on body sizes. Abundance-weighted traits and the associated multivariate space of the community change is driven by increased proportions over time of the trait categories: 7–15 cm body size; planktivorous; species low in the water column; medium-large schools; and species with high levels of reef association. These findings suggest that the trait compositions emerging after the cessation of fishing are novel and dynamic.
A simple and cost-effective smartphone-based digital imaging device for the quantification of selected heavy metals in Thai rice
Authors: Kheamphet Pattarawadee , Masawat Prinya
Published: December 2021

A 3D printed smartphone holder made from PLA with a built in photographic light control box using an LED in the circuit box located underneath was designed. The smartphone holder could be compatible with different smartphone formats.
Single crystal-to-single crystal transformation – from two distinct to three distinct spin crossover centers in 2D coordination polymer [Fe(bbtr)3](CF3SO3)2
Authors: Książek Maria , Weselski Marek , Kusz Joachim , Bronisz Robert
Published: December 2021

Reconstruction of the polymeric units and anion network during single crystal-to-single crystal (SCSC) transformation in 2D coordination polymer [Fe(bbtr)3](CF3SO4)2 (bbtr = 1,4-di(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)butane) leads to changes in spin crossover (SCO).
Spatial modeling for radon concentrations in subway stations in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Kim Dohyeong , Cho Seonga , Mohiuddin Heba , Shin Wonboo , Lee Donghyun , Roh Yul , Seo Sungchul
Published: December 2021

This study examined the environmental and geological determinants of radon concentration in subway stations by applying a spatial statistical model to the integrated GIS database.
Ganoderma applanatumpolysaccharides and ethanol extracts promote the recovery of colitis through intestinal barrier protection and gut microbiota modulations
Authors: Li Miaoyu , Yu Leilei , Zhai Qixiao , Liu Bingshu , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei , Tian Fengwei
Published: December 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with intestinal homeostasis dysregulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Construction of fluorescence logic gates responding to telomerase and miRNA based on DNA-templated silver nanoclusters and the hybridization chain reaction
Authors: Jiang Yiting , Guo Zhenzhen , Wang Mingyuan , Cui Jinjiang , Miao Peng
Published: December 2021

Logic gated operations are designed to respond to telomerase and miRNA, which are based on strand displacement reactions and the hybridization chain reaction with DNA-templated silver nanoclusters generating fluorescence as the output.
A sensor array based on DNA-wrapped bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for detection of ATP hydrolysis products
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhou Xumei , Huang Zhicheng , Han Jing , Xie Gang , Liu Juewen
Published: December 2021

Using a DNA/MOF biosensor array for tracking the products of ATP hydrolysis reactions, a better understanding of different reaction pathways can be achieved with a high level of robustness and confidence.
Stacking-dependent optical properties in bilayer WSe2
Authors: McCreary Kathleen M. , Phillips Madeleine , Chuang Hsun-Jen , Wickramaratne Darshana , Rosenberger Matthew , Hellberg C. Stephen , Jonker Berend T.
Published: December 2021

The photoluminescence, Raman, and reflectance contrast features of bilayer WSe2 are strongly dependent on stacking angle.
Alkyl selenol reactivity with common solvents and ligands: influences on phase control in nanocrystal synthesis
Authors: Ho Eric A. , Peng Antony R. , Macdonald Janet E.
Published: December 2021

In a synthesis to Cu2−xSe, the selenium reagent undergoes complex chemistries with common ligands and solvents, which influences nanocrystal phase.
Enrichment of high-purity large-diameter semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Lei Ting
Published: December 2021

Recent progress on the enrichment of high-purity large-diameter semiconducting SWNTs and their application in optoelectronic devices are summarized.
Urchin-like hierarchical ruthenium cobalt oxide nanosheets on Ti3C2TxMXene as a binder-free bifunctional electrode for overall water splitting and supercapacitors
Authors: Asen Parvin , Esfandiar Ali , Mehdipour Hamid
Published: December 2021

RuCo2O4/Ti3C2TxMXene@NF is used as a bi-functional catalyst for overall water splitting at a low overpotential of 170 (68 mV) at 100 A m−2toward OER (HER) and a high specific capacitance of 229 F g−1at 3 A g−1.
Metal–ligand cooperative approaches in homogeneous catalysis using transition metal complex catalysts of redox noninnocent ligands
Authors: Mondal Rakesh , Guin Amit Kumar , Chakraborty Gargi , Paul Nanda D.
Published: December 2021

Catalysis offers a straightforward route to prepare various value-added molecules starting from readily available raw materials.
One-pot cascade polycondensation and Passerini three-component reactions for the synthesis of functional polyesters
Authors: Alkan Burcu , Daglar Ozgun , Luleburgaz Serter , Gungor Begum , Gunay Ufuk Saim , Hizal Gurkan , Tunca Umit , Durmaz Hakan
Published: December 2021

A one-pot cascade four-component polymerization and post-polymerization modification reaction is introduced to synthetic polymer chemistry.
Conversion of a double-tetranuclear cluster silver helicate into a dihelicate via a rare desulfurization process
Authors: Fernández-Fariña Sandra , González-Barcia Luis M. , Romero María J. , García-Tojal Javier , Maneiro Marcelino , Seco José M. , Zaragoza Guillermo , Martínez-Calvo Miguel , González-Noya Ana M. , Pedrido Rosa
Published: December 2021

We show the first example of a bisthiosemicarbazone silver double-tetranuclear cluster helicate [Ag4L2]2 obtained by electrochemical synthesis which undergoes a rare desulfurization process giving rise to a cationic silver dihelicate [Ag2(H2L)2]SO4.
Metal-free catalytic hydrocarboxylation of hexafluorobut-2-yne
Authors: Zeng Ji-Jun , Zhao Bo , Tang Xiao-Bo , Han Sheng , Yang Zhi-Qiang , Liu Ze-Peng , Zhang Wei , Lu Jian
Published: December 2021

An efficient method for stereoselective synthesis of trifluorinated enol esters catalyzed by base was introduced.
Synthesis of vinyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives under transition metal-free conditions
Authors: Cui Menghan , Su Changhui , Wang Rong , Yang Qing , Kuang Chunxiang
Published: December 2021

Synthesis of vinyl triazole derivatives with alkynes and triazoles promoted by an inorganic base under transition metal-free conditions is reported.
Migratory insertion of isocyanide into a ketenyl–tungsten bond as key step in cyclization reactions
Authors: Timmermann Christopher , Thiem Paula , Wanitschke Dominik , Hüttenschmidt Mareike , Romischke Johanna , Villinger Alexander , Seidel Wolfram W.
Published: December 2021

The prototype ketenyl ligand is bound end-on despite a formal 16 valence electron count at the metal. This situation opens a reaction pathway for a multicomponent cyclization centred on the migration of the ketenyl ligand.
Photocatalytic synthesis of tetra-substituted furans promoted by carbon dioxide
Authors: Tian Ya-Ming , Wang Huaiju , Ritu  , König Burkhard
Published: December 2021

A CO2-promoted transition metal-free photocatalytic synthesis of tetra-substituted furan derivatives from 1,3-diketones as the only starting material.
A chemical switch enabled autonomous two-stage crosslinking polymeric binder for high performance silicon anodes
Authors: Shi Zhangxing , Liu Qian , Yang Zhenzhen , Robertson Lily A. , Bheemireddy Sambasiva R. , Zhao Yuyue , Zhang Zhengcheng , Zhang Lu
Published: December 2021

In a novel two-stage crosslinking binder system, the chemical switch controlled crosslinking between PAA and PEI not only facilitates the lamination process but also leads to covalent crosslinking and much improved cycling performance.
Converting silicon nanoparticles into nickel iron silicide nanocrystals within molten salts for water oxidation electrocatalysis
Authors: Song Yang , Casale Sandra , Miche Antoine , Montero David , Laberty-Robert Christel , Portehault David
Published: December 2021

Silicon nanoparticles are converted into multimetallic silicide nanoparticles by using molten salts as liquid reaction media under dynamic vacuum. They deliver highly efficient electrocatalysts for alkaline water oxidation.
Highly sensitive omnidirectional signal manipulation from a flexible anisotropic strain sensor based on aligned carbon hybrid nanofibers
Authors: Hu Yunfeng , Huang Tieqi , Lin Huijuan , Ke Longwei , Cao Wei , Chen Chen , Wang Wenqing , Rui Kun , Zhu Jixin
Published: December 2021

Self-aligned carbon hybrid nanofibers are synthesized by a simple and efficient electrospinning technique by introducing a vanadium precursor into the precursor solution and further used as anisotropic and multidirectional strain sensors.
Nanostructural control of transparent hydroxyapatite nanoparticle films using a citric acid coordination technique
Authors: Liu Zizhen , Kataoka Takuya , Samitsu Sadaki , Kawagoe Daisuke , Tagaya Motohiro
Published: December 2021

Control of the nanospaces of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticle films was successfully achieved using the citric acid coordination technique in a very simple way, which will provide a convenient bioceramic film preparation process.
An analysis of the convergence condition for narrowband FxLMS
Authors: Wen Hao‐xiang , Luo Huan , Yang Sen‐quan
Published: December 2021

This letter discusses the convergence condition of the narrowband FxLMS (NFxLMS) algorithm in Z‐domain. First, two new concepts about NFxLMS root locus, that is critical start point (CSP) and critical cross point (CCP), are introduced and defined. For NFxLMS with the simplest case, a special characteristic of the root locus is observed that the CCP always locates itself near the CSP in the Z plane. By exploiting this characteristic, directly solving the root locus equation is eliminated from the stability analysis, and the upper bound of the step size for NFxLMS is eventually estimated as a function of the reference frequency.
Spatial‐temporal attention and GRU based interpretable condition monitoring of offshore wind turbine gearboxes
Authors: Su Xiangjing , Shan Yanhao , Li Chaojie , Mi Yang , Fu Yang , Dong Zhaoyang
Published: December 2021

Effective monitoring and early warning of gearbox operating status are of great significance to the operation and maintenance (O&M) of offshore wind turbines (WTs). This study proposes a normal behaviour modelling (NBM) method based on the spatial‐temporal attention module and the gated recurrent unit (GRU), for the condition monitoring of offshore WT gearboxes. The proposed method has a superior performance by extracting the spatial and temporal features from the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, and also has the unique advantage of model interpretability. Specifically, in the NBM training stage, the spatial features of offshore wind farm SCADA data are extracted by the spatial attention module firstly. Then, the temporal features of the spatial feature sequences above are extracted and fused by the GRU network. Afterwards, the temporal attention module is applied to strengthen the expression of key time points. In the NBM testing stage, the output residual between the predicted and the measured values is calculated and monitored by the exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed NBM method are verified by detailed simulations on the Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm.
Fast direction of arrival estimation method for ultra‐high voltage converter valve insulation board partial discharge based on a sparse array
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Liu Jiashuo , Lai Tingyu , Wei Xiaoguang , Pei Shaotong
Published: December 2021

An insulation board is an important insulator used between damping capacitors in a converter valve. The potential creeping discharge phenomenon on the insulation board will affect the insulation between the damping capacitors and even the safe operation of the converter valve; therefore, a modified chaos particle swarm optimization multiple signal classification (MCSPO‐MUSIC) localization algorithm based on a sparse array was proposed. The performance of the localization algorithm and the sparse array was analyzed by MATLAB simulation, and a test platform was established to detect the insulation board discharge position localization. The simulation results showed that the calculation time of this algorithm is about 1.5 s, which is an order of magnitude less than traditional MUSIC algorithm, and it is found that when the sparsity of the 4 × 4 array is 4 (the sparse array elements are 5, 9, 14 and 15), the localization accuracy remains high. Ten groups of experimental data were put into the MCSPO‐MUSIC algorithm; the root mean square errors (RMSE) of the localization errors are 1.91° (non‐sparse array) and 3.12° (sparse array), respectively. Finally, the blind source separation algorithm was used to remove the field noise, which verifies the algorithm and sparse concept accurate and economical in practical application.
Strong Acid Effects for Characterization Clay from District Tanah Miring, Merauke Regency
Authors: Parlindungan John Yoro , Rettob Abraham Laurens
Published: December 2021

The abundance of clay in the Merauke district has not been utilized optimally. This is due to a lack of research and information about these clays. Clay is one of the natural minerals from the silica group whose particle size is less than two micrometers and has many uses, including basic materials for the manufacture of ceramics, paper-making materials, adsorbents, assisting drilling, and bleaching in CPO. In this study, characterization has been carried out including functional group characterization using an FTIR spectrophotometer, crystallinity using XRD, and morphological analysis by SEM. The results obtained that the mineral content of the clay from the sloping soil district was proposed to contain Illite and Quartz minerals with the main peaks of the diffractogram appearing at an angle of 2θ about 21o; 26o; 36o; and 42o; at angles d (Å) 3.34 and d (Å) 4.25. XRD results were also tested using search-match analysis, and the sample intensity was obtained containing quartz minerals (~ 98%). In the development of this material, it is necessary to obtain XRD data to determine the exact components of clay.
Total Phenol Content and Activities of Antioxidant Extracts Methanol Limes(Citrus Aurentifolia)By Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Khadijah  , Soekamto Nunuk Hariani , Chalid Siti Maisuri Tadjuddin , Rafidah Nur Fatin
Published: December 2021

Total phenol levels and antioxidant activity in whole limes from Palopo, Luwu Regency, as well as the relationship between total phenol content and antioxidant activity, were determined. Maceration of dried whole lime fruit yielded the methanol extract (Citrus aurentifolia). Phytochemical screening was used to determine the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in the extract’s secondary metabolites. The total phenol extract was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, yielding a value of 8.37 mgGAE/g. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method, and the IC50 value was 1793.06 g/mL. Total phenol content of whole fruit extract lime and IC50 show a linear relationship y = -168,11x + 3211 with a determination R2 = of 0.9780.
Fabrication and Characterization of Polysulfone Membrane Based On GO-SiO2 Composite using Phase Inversion Method
Authors: Angesti Wineke , Munasir M.
Published: December 2021

This research purpose to determine the material composition in the manufacture of polysulfone membranes by producing the best performance in the filtration application process. Polysulfone has good thermal and chemical stability properties that make it a candidate material in membrane manufacturing, but the hydrophobicity properties of polysulfone result in less than optimal membrane performance, so a blending process is needed to reduce hydrophobicity by maintaining the advantages of the membrane. The membrane was prepared using phase inversion with composite doping through the TEOS in situ hydrolysis method. The results of XRD identification showed that the diffraction pattern was successfully coated with silica with the amorphous phase, while the FTIR contained Si-O-Si bonds with a wave number of 1054 cm-1. The SEM surface morphology showed that the presence of silica and GO made the pore size larger with the pore size on the membrane 1,92 μm. The results of the contact angle test on the GO-SiO2/PSF variation of 0,8 obtained the lowest hydrophobicity value of 70,17°. The addition of composites will result in a larger pore size supported by the value of the contact angle, proving that the combination of the composite in polysulfone can increase the hydrophilicity of the membrane.
Analysis Of Temperature Effect on Struvite Scales Controlling in A Vertical Reactor
Authors: Sutiyono Sutiyono , Edahwati Luluk , Nandini Atika , Lestari W D , Saputro Wiliandi , Issafira Radissa Dzaky , Faizin Ahmad Khairul
Published: December 2021

Scale is forming and controlling in industrial applications causes the clogs or decreasing in volume flows in the pipes, so increasing maintenance cost can occur as a consequence. Struvite discovered as Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) and referred as a scale due to the heating process of fluid through pipes. The aim of this research was investigated the temperature effect on process of scales forming and controlling. The process was used a vertical bulkhead reactor. The process starts from mixing the equimolar solutions of MgCl2, NH4OH, H3PO4 with 1: 1: 1 of ratio concentration. Then, crystallization process was carried out with the condition at the variation of temperature (20-40°C), variation of pH value (pH 8-10) and variation of air inlet rate (0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.0; 1.25 L/min) while the feed rate was 25 ml/min. The process continues until the condition becomes steady state. The scale controlling process was determined by the presence of struvite deposits. The deposits were analyzed by using the XRF method to determine composition content. The optimal conditions were obtained at a temperature of 30°C, pH 9, and air rate of 1.25L/min.
Cryptography Implementation for electronic voting security
Authors: Suwarjono Suwarjono , Sumaryanti Lilik , Lamalewa Lusia
Published: December 2021

Electronic voting is done by recording election data centrally and presenting it into fast digital information. E-voting is an internet technology, which aims to improve the performance of the voting process, and is expected to be a breakthrough in technological development that helps human work. Security constraints in e-voting include the distribution of voting, for example voters who distribute voting rights, are illegitimate and can abuse voters’ rights, because they know the voter’s account to access the system. This study implements cryptographic methods as a password security for voter accounts, and the results of voting, so that the secrecy of the voters’ data and the results of voting are maintained. RSA algorithm to implement cryptographic techniques based on two mathematical problems, namely factorization and modulo operations on composite numbers, which use two different keys for encryption and decryption processes. The public key is used encryption process to encode text, and the private key is used description process, namely translating ciphertext into plaintext.
Developing an Assessment-Link Mobile Application: A Catalyst for Pre-service Biology Teachers to Analyse Cognitive Test
Authors: Susantini Endang , Suyatno  , Wasis  , Zain Haniza H. M. , Borhan Mohamad T
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to develop a valid android-based Assessment-Link application to help pre-service biology teachers practice skills of biology cognitive test questions based on Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. The development procedure of the application used Kemp, Morrison, and Ross’ instructional design consisting of nine stages namely instructional problems, learner characteristics, task analysis, instructional objectives, content sequencing, instructional strategies, designing the message, development of instruction, and evaluation instruments. In this study, there were six biology learning assessment experts from Indonesia and Malaysia universities involved in assessing the quality of the Assessment-Link application. The application quality assessment was carried out on three aspects including content, design, and engagement. This result was in a form of an Assessment-Link application product that contained several features namely tutorial, introductory menus, Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy materials, materials of criteria and how to write good test questions, exploration, interactive quiz, and task. The validity test result showed that all aspects of the assessment were in a very good category. Therefore, the Assessment-Link application developed was valid and able to be used to prepare pre-service biology teachers in analysing biology test questions based on Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy.
Plant Bot: Intelligent Plant Application based on ADDIE Model of Instructional Design
Authors: Ayu Mufarroha Fifin , Amir Nizar , Neipa Purnamasari Dian , Dwi Putra Negara Yudha
Published: December 2021

Plant Bot is a mobile application is used as an aid for beginners and professionals to undertake farming activities. Users can use this app as a reminder of the time watering plants, and can add information to know the characteristics and handling of various plants. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of public health by encouraging people to carry out physical activities in the midst of a pandemic and consume nutritious foods such as vegetables without preservatives from planting. There are 3 target users of the application, including students for educational materials, the general public to fulfill their food needs by farming and Advanced/Professional users such as farmers who want to make farming easier. The application development refers to the stages of the development life cycle in the ADDI model. The application that has been built has been running well, as evidenced by the results of testing based on functional requirements that can function as a whole.
Research trend on erbium-doped tellurite glasses based on scopus database
Authors: Jauhariyah Mukhayyarotin Niswati Rodliyatul , Anggaryani Mita , Marzuki Ahmad
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to analyse the research trend of erbium-doped tellurite glasses. To this aim, this paper applied bibliometric analysis. The comprehensive research document on the topic of erbium-doped tellurite glasses in the Scopus database is 695 documents. The result revealed that scientific publication on erbium-doped tellurite glasses has been increasing. China contributed the most documents on erbium-doped tellurite glasses. The visualization of the research trend on erbium-doped tellurite glasses assisted with VOSviewer software and resulted in four primary clusters: (1) the red cluster show the keywords about the synthesized and fabrication, (2) the blue cluster show the keywords about the characterization, (3) the green cluster show the user or the application of the glass with each characteristic of materials, (4) the yellow cluster show the way to analyse energy based on the parameters owned by erbium-doped tellurite glasses. The research findings are the networking of the keywords on the research of erbium doped tellurite glasses in all clusters. It means that this research is comprehend knowledge and need to be more investigate to further research.
Analysis and Comparison of Different Dewatering Methods On Salt Quality
Authors: Amir Nizar , Efendy Makhfud , Hidayat Rachmad , Gozan Misri
Published: December 2021

The salt quality was studied by dewatering methods such as centrifugal hydro extraction, fixed bed dryer, and rotary drum dryer. The effect of different salt particle sizes was also analyzed. The centrifugal hydro extractor is found to be effective when reducing the high-water content of salt and suitable for reducing water content after the salt wash stage. Fixed bed dryers produce lower water content than rotary drum dryers. A water content lower than 1% can be achieved using fixed bed dryers. Finally, all dewatering methods such as centrifugal hydro extractors, fixed bed dryers, and rotary bed dryers are suitable for salt production methods. Reduced salt particle size from 30 to 60 mesh also improved the drying performance.
The Effect of Treatment of Coconut Fiber with Liquid Smoke on Mechanical Properties of Composite
Authors: Mukhlis M , Hardi Witono , Mustafa Rulan
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of liquid smoke treatment on the tensile strength of the single fiber and Coconut fiber (CF) Reinforced Composite. The research method is Immersion the fiber with liquid smoke and heating. First treatment, CF was immersed in liquid smoke for 1, 2, and 3 hours, then dried for 1 hour at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. Next, the single fiber tensile test was carried out with the Universal Impact Test Machine and composite impact strength. The results showed that the tensile strength of single fiber TP, P1J, P2J, and P3J of 51.357 MPa, 79.655 MPa, 48.187 MPa, and 58.117 MPa. While the CF composite impact test TP, P1J, P2J, and P3J of 0.514 KJ/m2, 1.385 KJ/m2, 1,085 KJ/m2, and 2,128 KJ/m2. The liquid smoke immersion can increase the tensile strength of single fibers, where 1-hour immersion has the greatest value. In contrast, the impact strength of the CF composites increased at 3 hours, the largest immersion value. The results showed that the fiber soaked in liquid smoke could be an alternative to improve the mechanical properties of CF.
Analysis The Effect Of Internal Geometry On The Mechanical Properties Of Acrylonitril Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Materials Prepared Using 3D Printing
Authors: Junaidy Abdul Karim Ivan , B Sukiman , Fadly Hi. Abbas Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The process of research and refinement of Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printer, surely contains many variables and parameters with the aim of generating a 3D object with the results and the level of accuracy approaching its original design and can be applied as the expected design. In addition to the effect of printer type on the FDM method, the filament material used as a filler to print 3D objects certainly has different mechanical and physical characteristics, thus allowing for different object results for each different filament material. This research was conducted to determine the effect of internal variations of its geometry and dimensions on the mechanical properties of ABS using a 3D Printer. The internal geometries that are varied are triangle and honeycomb, with variations in thickness for each geometry are 1 mm and 2 mm, and variations in the axis of symmetry are 4.5 mm and 9 mm. The results showed that the control sample had tensile and bending strength results that matched the ABS filament datasheet reference. Objects with an internal geometry triangle in the size 4.5 mm and 2 mm of thickness have better tensile and bending strength than honeycomb geometry.
Performance Analysis of the Cement Industry Based on Green Supply Chain Management
Authors: Putridewi Almaash , Rizal Reda , Sari dan Santika
Published: December 2021

This study aims to provide information to companies regarding the latest performance conditions of environmentally friendly supply chain management through the design of the green supply operation reference and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) performance measurement system model, as well as to assess the company's GSCM performance which is then used to formulate recommendations for improving performance indicators that are considered inadequate good. The results of this study identified 18 performance indicators from 5 appropriate processes used in measuring the performance of PT XYZ's GSCM. Overall, the company's GSCM performance got a score of 77 which was included in the good category, but there were five indicators that had poor performance scores and recommendations for improvement were needed.
The Potential of Tabebuya as Phytoremediator of Lead (Pb) in Atmosphere
Authors: Fida Rachmadiarti , Tri Asri Mahanani , Sari  , Yulia Nella , Kandilia  , Sahani  , Vatmawati  , Nur Vita , Aisyah Nafidiastri Farah
Published: December 2021

Lead (Pb) is one of the heavy metals that causes pollution in ecosystems, heavy metal Pb can cause disturbances to humans, including plants and animals. In Indonesia, especially in Surabaya, Tabebuya grows on main roads as a shade tree as well as an ornamental plant; This plant can be exposed to Pb metal, among others, from motor vehicle exhaust. This study aimed to determine the levels of Pb in Tabebuya and to study chlorophyll in the leaves. Pb levels in plant leaves were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), and chlorophyll levels using a spectrophotometer. Data in the form of Pb and chlorophyll levels at various locations were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova). The results showed that the location of plant species affected the content of Pb metal and there is no effect of chlorophyll content in the leaves. The results also showed that the absorption of lead (Pb) content by the tabebuia 0.25-0.44 ppm and content of chlorophyll 12.89-14, 94. Lead (Pb) content do not affect the amount of leave chlorophyll produced and the plant had capabilities in absorbing lead like pollutants (Pb).
Catching Technology of Fish Maw Snapper’s: Case Study of theKMN Nur Aqila07Fishing Boat in Kumbe Village, Malind District, Merauke Regency, Papua
Authors: Sajriawati Sajriawati
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the fishing technology used by fishermen in Merauke to catch snapper and post-harvest handling of fish maw snapper. This research was conducted in January 2021 in Kumbe Village, Malind District. Data collection was carried out by interviewing fishermen on the fishing boat KMN Nur Aqila07. The results showed that the fishing boat KMN Nur Aqila07 has a weight specification of 30 GT. The main fishing gear is a drift gill net with a length of 50 meters with a width of 2 meters with a mesh size of 7.5 inches. The pulley machine is used to help pull the gill nets when they want to pull fishing gear (hauling). Fish maw of snapper is removed manually using a knife, then cleaned with running water and then dried in the sun to dry. Fish maw is sold dry. The highest price for fish maw is in the weight range of 150 grams which can reach Rp. 22,500,000 per kg, while the lowest price is in the weight range of less than 50 grams, which is Rp. 4,500,000 per kg.