bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malaysian Dentists’ Self-Reported Experience towards Continuing Clinical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mani Shani Ann , Mohd Nor Nor Azlida , John Jacob , Musa Sabri
Published: June 2021

This study assessed the self-reported symptoms/signs and precautionary measures towards continuing clinical practice during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Malaysian dentists. An online questionnaire was administered using Google Form distributed via social networks, email lists and social media pages to Malaysian dentists in both private and government sectors. Respondents were required to report their clinical activity during the three phases of the various Movement Control Order (MCO) imposed by the Malaysian government: namely the MCO, Conditional-MCO and the Recovery-MCO. Data was analysed with SPSS using descriptive and Chi-square tests. A total of 1548 dentists completed the survey. Five dentists reported being tested positive for COVID-19 test while 48 had one/more symptoms related to the disease. The majority perceived a real risk of COVID-19 transmission to dentists and more than 80% limited their clinical services to emergency/selective care during the MCO and C-MCO. About 17% of the dentists suspended face-to-face clinical activities during the MCO period but this figure dropped to 3.4% during the R-MCO. Clinical activities were limited mainly due to closure of workplaces (88.6%). Precautionary measures adopted at dental clinics included recording body temperature (54.2%), physical distancing in waiting rooms (84.6%) and hand washing prior to and after dental procedures (77.5%). The findings demonstrate that most dentists limited their clinical services during the MCO and resumed work once restrictions were lifted during the C-MCO and R-MCO. Many reported adopting appropriate precautionary measures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.
CONTENTIOUS EFFERVESCENCE: THE SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE OF RIOTING
Authors: Case Benjamin S.
Published: June 2021

How do violent protests affect social movement participants? Riots are common in civilian movements, but the effects of protester violence remain under-researched, in part due to an association of civilian protest with nonviolent methods and an association of violent protest with irrational chaos. Specifically, few studies have examined the experiences of rioters themselves. I use theoretical analysis and qualitative in-depth interviews with activists from the United States and South Africa to explore the subjective impact that moments of violent protest have on participants. Activist accounts indicate that many experience what I call “contentious effervescence,” a heightened state and sense of political empowerment amidst low-level violent actions, with long-term effects that raise consciousness and deepen and sustain activists’ resolve. I argue that examining the experiential and emotional effects of riots enhances our ability to understand contentious politics from below.
RHETORICAL FORM, EMOTIONS, AND MOBILIZATION POTENTIAL IN THE MOVEMENT AGAINST SEXUAL ASSAULT AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Authors: Van Dyke Nella , Daniels Kathryn P. , Metzger Ashley N. , Molina Carolina
Published: June 2021

Although social movement scholars are interested in social movement messaging, we know very little about how rhetorical form impacts viewer response. In this article, we use experimental methods to explore how rhetorical forms and the emotions they inspire help generate mobilization potential in the movement to end sexual assault and domestic violence. We explore these issues using a powerful randomized pre-test/post-test experimental design examining the effect of personal statements and data on sexual assault and domestic violence. Results suggest that both invoke a range of emotions and are effective at generating an increased interest in participating in protest and educational events. Those who react with disgust are more likely to have an increased potential for protest, while those who experience sadness show an increased interest in participating in an educational event. This study contributes to a growing literature on the roles of rhetorical form and emotion in generating mobilization potential.
A Significant Increase in Interplate Seismicity near Major Historical Earthquakes Offshore Martinique (FWI)
Authors: Corbeau Jordane , Gonzalez O’Leary , Feuillet Nathalie , Lejeune Anne-Marie , Fontaine Fabrice R. , Clouard Valérie , Saurel Jean-Marie ,   the OVSM Team
Published: June 2021

Understanding the processes that may be at the origin of major earthquakes in subduction zones is highly challenging, especially in the case of slowly converging areas such as the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Our study reveals a recorded increase in seismicity rate and cumulative seismic moment over the last two decades offshore Martinique island and, particularly, in the presumed rupture area of the major historical 1839 earthquake. This sustained seismicity is shared between extensive intermediate depth activity since the 2007 Mw 7.4 earthquake that occurred about 20 km north of Martinique and a compressive seismic cluster located in the seismogenic zone of the subduction zone. We also observe a downward migration of the seismicity along the plate interface up to a 60–65 km depth and a recorded increase in the magnitudes of the earthquakes. All these observations may indicate ongoing changes along the plate boundary interface near the area of the historical major rupture of 1839, although more detailed statistical studies and additional data are necessary to confirm this trend.
DISCONTINUOUS DRILLING OF INCONEL 718
Authors:   Technical University Dortmund, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany, Wolf T. , Iovkov I. ,   Technical University Dortmund, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany, Biermann D. ,   Technical University Dortmund, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany
Published: June 2021

Inconel 718 as one of the most common nickel-base alloys is mainly characterized by its high-temperature strength. Thus, in particular drilling is subject to high tool wear due to high thermomechanical loads on the cutting edges. To reduce those effects an alternative process design of discontinuous drilling was developed which contains a periodical interruption of the machining process with the aim of a targeted wetting and cooling of the tool at regular intervals. Thus, a significant reduction of the thermal load on the tool should provide a benefit to the drilling process and extend the tool life. Numerical and experimental investigations were used to analyze the introduced process strategy modification.
A FLEXIBLE AND ROBUST 3D COORDINATE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM BASED ON WHITE LIGHT INTERFEROMETRY FOR DEVIATION MEASUREMENTS ON SWISS-TYPE TURNING MACHINES
Authors:   GFE-Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik und Entwicklung Schmalkalden e.V., Schmalkalden, Germany 2HFU Furtwangen University, ITE, Tuttlingen, Germany, Lahmann H. -W. , Schmalzried S. ,   HFU Furtwangen University, ITE, Tuttlingen, Germany, Ketterer G. ,   HFU Furtwangen University, MME, Schwenningen, Germany, Weber D. ,   GFE-Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik und Entwicklung Schmalkalden e.V., Schmalkalden, Germany 2HFU Furtwangen University, ITE, Tuttlingen, Germany, Welzel F. ,   GFE-Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik und Entwicklung Schmalkalden e.V., Schmalkalden, Germany 2HFU Furtwangen University, ITE, Tuttlingen, Germany, Jeyaraj D. ,   GFE-Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik und Entwicklung Schmalkalden e.V., Schmalkalden, Germany 2HFU Furtwangen University, ITE, Tuttlingen, Germany
Published: June 2021

The calibration of machine tools or industrial robots needs high precision 3-dimensional coordinate measurements. Common available systems still have the need of ambitious and time extensive processes to fulfill the requested requirements. Therefore there is a strong request for fully automated systems that allow an autonomous and easy to handle procedure for 3D volumetric deviation measurements. This exactly is the intension of the here presented 3D Coordinate Measurement System. The so called µ-GPS System is based on reliable white light interferometer and robust technology. The 3D coordinates are determined via trilateration from three measured distances like it is known from the global GPS. Mainly two parts, the sensor unit (transceiver unit) including the emitter and the reference base (three cat’s-eyes) which includes the three reflectors are mounted in the workspace of the machine. A model to evaluate the signals was developed which allows in combination with a 3-dimensional failure correction a 3D accuracy of more than 5 microns. This application will be the base for an exemplary and fully automated calibration process of Swiss-type turning machines. As these machines are used in high volume manufacturing for precision parts, they need to be assembled and calibrated very accurately. For the long term stability the µ-GPS System can be easily assembled in the Swiss-type turning machine so that thermal deviations and abrasion can be measured and compensated in the control. The robust and easy handling of the µ-GPS System later allows an expansion of the showcase to robots and other machine tools.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLUID COOLING SYSTEMS IN MOTORIZED SPINDLES
Authors:   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany, Koch L. , Gross K. ,   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany, Krueger G. ,   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany
Published: June 2021

This paper analyzes geometrical approaches to optimize the fluid cooling circulation of motorized spindles. The spindle fluid cooling’s effectiveness, efficiency and influence on the machine’s precision are analyzed through observations of the stator temperature, pressure drop and thermal asymmetry, respectively. The observation is based on a validated coupled thermal/fluid mechanical simulation model. The widely used helix and meander shape stator cooling sleeves are primarily investigated. Additionally, a so-called S-meander shape was developed, which combines the advantages of the formerly mentioned sleeves. In order to understand the nonlinear thermal interactions properly, width and height of the cooling channels were varied separately and simultaneously. While keeping the flow rate identical, the average stator temperature could be decreased by 2.3 K solely with geometrical optimizations. Interestingly, the motor temperature is not continuously decreased by raising the fluid velocity through a reduction of the cooling channels size. For the helix and the S-meander, the temperature actually increases after passing a certain geometrical sweet spot. Additionally, this optimum is different for the helix, meander and S-meander cooling sleeve. The results imply that the geometrical optimization of fluid cooling channels in motorized spindles has a significant potential. Furthermore, the developed cooling sleeves are trans-ferable to any electric motor with fluid cooling.
OPTIMAL POSITIONING METHODS OF INTEGRAL DEFORMATION SENSORS – EXPERT KNOWLEDGE VERSUS MATHEMATICAL OPTIMIZATION
Authors:   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Aachen, Germany, Brecher Ch. , Herzog R. ,   TU Chemnitz, Faculty of Mathematics, Chemnitz, Germany, Naumann A. ,   TU Chemnitz, Faculty of Mathematics, Chemnitz, Germany, Spierling R. ,   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Aachen, Germany, Tzanetos F. ,   Fraunhofer Institute of Production Technology (IPT), Aachen, Germany
Published: June 2021

Up to 75 % of the overall work piece error can be caused by the thermo-elastic behavior of the machine tool. Therefore, correction methods based on machine-integrated sensors were intensively researched during the last years, in order to determine the error of the Tool Center Point (TCP) parallel to the process. One of these methods includes the integral deformation sensor (IDS), which detects the deformation along the length of a structural component of the machine. The error of the TCP is modelled based on the measured structural deformations, a mechanical model of the structural parts and a kinematic model of the machine tool. Currently, the sensor setup for specific machines is usually defined by an expert with the help of his or her domain knowledge. There are existing mathematical methods for optimal sensor positioning. The aim of this work is the evaluation of the expert positioning versus the mathematical methods. The parameters to be varied are the lengths and positions of the IDS. Criteria for the evaluation are the achievable accuracy of the TCP error prediction and the sensitivity to small variations of the optimal position, as they might occur during the installation.
EFFICIENT AND ROBUST CREATION OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENT MODELS FOR THERMO-ELASTIC ANALYSIS OF MACHINE TOOLS
Authors:   Technische Universitaet Dresden, Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls, Dresden, Germany, Schroeder S. , Ihlenfeldt S. ,   Technische Universitaet Dresden, Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls, Penter L. ,   Technische Universitaet Dresden, Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls
Published: June 2021

To control the thermal behavior of machine tools, numerous measures are used today. With the help of thermal machine models, well-founded predictions can be made for the selection and design of these measures. For creation and simulation of thermo-elastic models of structural components and a high effort is still necessary. In the paper, a procedure is presented to reduce this effort. A combination of existing methods and new approaches is used. This includes methods of mathematical model order reduction to reduce computing costs and robust mesh algorithms that process even slightly defective geometries.
PREDICTION OF THERMAL ERRORS IN MACHINE TOOLS THROUGH DECOUPLED SIMULATIONS USING GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Chemnitz, Germany, Suresh Kumar T. , Glaenzel J. ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Chemnitz, Germany, Bergmann M. ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Chemnitz, Germany, Putz M. ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Chemnitz, Germany
Published: June 2021

Thermal errors are one of the major contributors towards positioning discrepancies in machine tools in precision machining. Along with friction and waste heat generated from production processes and internal heat sources, environmental influences around the machine tool create considerable thermal gradients followed by non-linear structural deformations. Efficient quantification of these three contributing sources of thermal errors are required in order to formulate a reliable thermal-error compensation system. The creation of all possible thermal configurations, which a machine tool could be subjected to, is experimentally infeasible and requires complex and time-consuming coupled flow and thermo-structural simulations. This paper presents a new approach in thermal error prediction by using CFD and finite element (FE) simulations to train a three-level interconnected neural network system. The first level essentially decouples flow simulations from thermo-structural simulations using optimal FE node points found using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), which significantly reduces the required training data. The boundary convection data obtained from this level is used in the second level to predict possible thermal configurations of the machine tool, after careful consideration of parameters related to internal heat sources and production processes. The third level maps these thermal configurations onto displacements on the machine tool.
Pathology and Molecular Mechanisms of Perineural Spread of Tumors
Authors: SAYYED YASRA , Ji Renpeng , Zaheer Tean , Li Luyuan
Published: June 2021

Perineural invasion (PNI) is an important but under-reported route of metastasis of many cancers, in which neoplasm invades and spreads along the nerves. In recent years, PNI has been identified to contribute to the pathology of malignant tumors in the breast, stomach, head and neck, pancreas, prostate and large intestine. PNI of neoplasm may be attributable to poor prognosis of the patients, and sometimes appears to be the only cause of long-distance metastasis. Recent studies have furnished latest insights into the pathology and clinical features of PNI, characterized by continuous and interlinked multiple steps, starting from the formation of a perineural niche, comprising of neural cells, inflammatory cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, in addition to the cancer cells. The critical step of PNI involves the establishment of connections between tumor and nerve through a number of signaling pathways consisting of soluble factors such as nerve growth factor, interleukins, and matrix metalloproteinases. Upon invasion into the nervous system, the cancer cells bring changes to neural cells and their microenvironment, leading to neoplastic spread along the nerves and alteration of normal nerve functions. In this review, we attempt to comprehensively cover the cellular and molecular mechanisms of perineural spread of tumors.
Fictitious Crisis Scenario Development Related to a Bank Following a Breakdown in the Communication Network to Show Critical Infrastructure Digitization
Authors:   University of Geneva, Switzerland, J. Kohler J. , Fragnière E. , Konstantas D. , Viganò E.
Published: June 2021

The notion of critical infrastructure represents for states a vital asset for the functioning of society and the economy. These critical infrastructures cover many areas such as transportation, electricity, hospitals, and recently telecommunications which are taking more and more place in our economies due to the digitalization of our society. Business Continuity Plans (BCP) are often an obligation here to ensure the fastest possible recovery of these critical infrastructures in the event of a crisis. However, the scenarios that allow simulation exercises to be carried out remain very "logistically" oriented, while critical infrastructures linked in general to the digitization of the economy are poorly prepared for a major critical incident. To compensate for these weaknesses in the development of crisis scenarios linked to digitalization, we take the case of critical digital banking infrastructures and use counterfactual thinking to develop a crisis scenario that takes better account of the entire dematerialization dimension inherent in them.
An Optimized Dietary Plan for Strengthening the Immune System During COVID 19 Crises
Authors: Shivnani Deepa , Shivnani Indra , Amle Dnyanesh
Published: June 2021

The World Health Organization announced corona virus disease 19 (COVID 19) as a global pandemic. As the government has implemented various policies, the major challenge was to support immune system in general population who are under self-confinement. An optimal diet plan and nutritional supplements are advised to effectively boost the immune system during the COVID 19 crises. We have suggested an optimized dietary plan for an adult with adequate requirements. A balanced diet could help strengthen the immune system of individuals and prepare to fight against COVID 19.
Sistemas de referencia para la atención de mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual y basada en género
Authors: Luciano Dinys , Hidalgo Nidia
Published: June 2021

Muchas sobrevivientes y víctimas de diversos tipos de violencia sexual y basada en género (VSBG) no reciben tratamiento oportuno, ni acceden a la atención integral que requieren, por la falta de coordinación o articulación entre las instancias responsables de brindarles dichos apoyos. Para que las instituciones trabajen de forma articulada, se debe establecer sistemas de referencia para la atención de dichas sobrevivientes y víctimas de VSBG, para referirlas de una institución (de origen) a otra (de destino), de manera que accedan a servicios no disponibles o insuficientes en la primera para atender determinadas necesidades. Esta herramienta técnica tiene como objetivo brindar una guía para el diseño de sistemas territoriales de referencia para la atención de casos de VSBG. Se enfoca en brindar una metodología para el diagnóstico o estado de las referencias intersectoriales en un territorio específico; asimismo, incluye componentes esenciales, basados en estándares internacionales, para el diseño, implementación, monitoreo y evaluación de estos sistemas.
Planes de seguridad para mujeres víctimas/sobrevivientes de violencia sexual y basada en género
Authors: Luciano Dinys , Hidalgo Nidia
Published: June 2021

La seguridad de las víctimas, sobrevivientes o mujeres en riesgo es una prioridad de las respuestas a la violencia sexual y basada en género (VSBG). Un plan de seguridad eficaz empodera a la víctima al abordar sus necesidades inmediatas y al esbozar estrategias para reducir futuros daños físicos, emocionales, sociales, materiales o de otra índole. Esta herramienta ha sido diseñada para fortalecer las capacidades del personal que labora en instituciones, redes intersectoriales e instancias comunitarias involucradas en la atención integral a mujeres víctimas de VSBG, de modo que puedan apoyar a dichas víctimas a elaborar e implementar un plan de seguridad. La herramienta incluye sugerencias relativas a la seguridad según tipos de violencia. Se basa en evidencia y lineamientos internacionales, e incorpora instrumentos desarrollados por gobiernos, organizaciones de la sociedad civil, academia y organismos internacionales.
Shading and Air Flow Analysis on Selected Residential Buildings in Al-Bayda City, Libya
Authors: Ali Mohammed Ali S. , Uzunoglu Kozan , Özburak Çimen
Published: June 2021

A lot of energy is required to provide a comfortable interior with air conditioning systems. The use of high energy in buildings has made an essential contribution to climate change and air pollution. It is crucial for energy efficiency to reduce energy consumption. Applying the architectural principles of climatic design can provide thermal comfort in residential buildings. In this research, an analytical study was conducted on the climate factors that affect the energy consumption in the residential buildings in Al-Bayda, Libya. Eight buildings were randomly selected. The impact of solar energy, orientation, and wind factors that affect the climatic comfort on the selected residential buildings were considered as the leading indicators for improving energy consumption. These topics were studied comprehensively on the chosen buildings, and outcomes of the analysis were evaluated. Users gave answers to the questions regarding energy consumption, protection and utilization from the sun and air currents, and the physical insulation status of the building during the interviews. Independently of these, the results of airflow and shade analysis based on theories of passive design principles for each building have been revealed. It was observed that the answers of users and analytical results were consistent with each other. In the end, simple constructional applications that can prevent high energy use were recommended for future architectural designs. In this way, extensive use of air conditioners and thus air pollution, which has become one of the significant problems in Libya's cities, can be reduced to a certain extent.
The Culture of State-Church and Church-State Relations: The Ukrainian Case
Authors: Fylypovych Liudmyla , Kolodnyi Anatolii
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to relations between Church and the Ukrainian State and analysis of their current state and prospects of development. The authors analyze some state–church approaches to the relationship between State and Church based on Ukrainian legislation and social concepts of churches. The main task of a modern state is to guarantee freedom of conscience to citizens and provide conditions for free functioning of religious organizations. Church also assumes certain responsibilities to the state and society. The article provides an overview of the attitude of the Catholic, Greek Catholic and Orthodox Churches to power. Referring to the practice of state-church relations and church-state relations in Ukraine, the authors deduce that the subjects of these relations do not yet demonstrate the appropriate level of culture of this relationship, and do not follow the rules of partnership between Church and State. The authors admit a possibility to constructively criticize each other’s positions and make mutual demands, contextualizing their interests and needs while forming this culture. At the same time, State should get rid of the remnants of Soviet totalitarian control over the activities of Church, and Church should renounce patronage and servility. For both State and Church, in the sphere of mutual relations, taking into consideration world models of civilized relations between them and referring to their own history of these relations and existing experience of communication with each other, there should be established a high culture of dialogue between State and Church, between secular and spiritual authorities.
Christianity in China: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Karpińska Wiktoria
Published: June 2021

Christianity reached China relatively late — the earliest confirmed information about the presence of Christianity in this area dates back to the 8th century AD. For centuries, Chinese culture has been shaped by other philosophical and religious systems, so Christianity has not always been understood and accepted in China. Nevertheless, it has survived and is gaining more and more followers.

The article presents the history of the appearance of the Christian religion in China and the way Christianity has fared there over the centuries. It also shows the plight of the Catholic Church in the People’s Republic of China. The article shows what made Christianity survive and put down roots in China, how it found itself in Chinese culture, the number of its followers, and the role Christianity plays for them. The author also reflects on the future development of Christianity in a country where religions are understood differently than in Western culture.
Analysis of the effective leadership style of madrasa heads in the 21st century
Authors: Malik Muh Syauqi , Rahma Tutut Hilda , Utami Vifta Agnia
Published: June 2021

One of the government's policies in education in the 21st century is the enactment of educational autonomy. This policy needs to be accompanied by a change of leadership in the education unit. The leadership qualities of the head of the madrasah will determine whether the madrasah achieves its expected goals or not. The purpose of this research is to analyze outstanding leadership in the 21st century, which includes the characteristics, style, nature, requirements, quality, and competence that a madrasah head must possess. This research was conducted at SDN 5 Cileungsir, Ranch Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency, in March 2020. This research used a library study approach. The data used in this research is secondary data, as the techniques carried out are collecting various credible sources from books, written documents, and articles taken from quality national and international online journals and have been accredited. All references that the author provides in this article aim to inform the reader of the tips and requirements to be an ideal and competent leader in the 21st century, especially leaders in schools. All descriptions are equipped with explanations and examples of events that are often encountered in the field to be understood easily. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that a leader must display exemplary behavior in the madrasah he leads. The behavior of the head of the madrasah must reflect the high spirit of work and should be an example or role model for all people in madrasahs. The ideal educational leader of the 21st century is an innovative leader, a leader who can innovate, has managerial skills and technical skills, and is highly dedicated to what he leads.  Managerial expertise is needed for leaders to handle the complexities of educational institutions, and educational leadership skills are needed to obtain innovative leaders in leading educational institutions to conform to a 21st-century education. He must have the vision, mission, willingness, and commitment to make changes, progress, understand processes, and create innovations and solutions. Besides, a leader must also have expertise and quality. Thus, if a leader can realize all these components, then the madrasah under its management can innovate better under the demands of education in the 21st century and per the objectives to be achieved.
Актуальность компьютерного тестирования и его особенности при изучении темы « Сложное движение точки» в теоретической механике
Authors: Бондаренко Н.И. , Косачев С.Л. , Обносов К.Б. , Стихно К.А.
Published: June 2021

Обоснована необходимость компьютерного тестирования обучающихся вообще и по конкретной теме теоретической механики в частности. Изложена методология тестирования, позволяющая объективно оценить знания и умения группы обучающихся. Приведен пример типичной задачи, предлагаемой для компьютерного тестирования.
Эффективность переработки строительных отходов методом рециклинга
Authors: Акри Е.П. , Пташинский Д.Г.
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы накопления строительного мусора и повторного использование. Приведены возможные пути решения с учетом разных способов переработки.
К вопросу определения параметров электромеханического деформирования при восстановлении режущей кромки деталей типа «Диск»
Authors: Болтенков А.А. , Селиверстов М.В.
Published: June 2021

Технология электромеханического деформирования (ЭМД) ввиду отсутствия потерь металла при восстановлении режущей кромки дисковых почвообрабатывающих орудий, является ресурсосберегающей. Основное влияние на качество восстановления режущей кромки методом ЭМД оказывает температура контактной поверхности «электрод-деталь». Для этого предложена имитационная физическая модель восстановления режущей способности деталей типа диск методом ЭМД и расчётные модели определения технологических параметров.
The Technology of Precision-selective Electrostatic Separation of Mixed Secondary Polymers
Authors: Gonopolsky A.M. , Milaeva E.A.
Published: June 2021

This technology of precision-selective electrostatic separation of mixed secondary polymers with pre-activation of their surfaces with surfactants for chemical destruction of surface polymer is described. A prototype of the process of precision selective separation of mixed polymer materials in the electrostatic field has been developed. Optimum operating modes of the process of activation of polymer surfaces with surfactant solutions as a preliminary stage of separation of mixed polymers in the electrostatic field are determined. An experimental prototype of a process line has been created for selective electrostatic separation chemically activated narrow-fractional mixed crushed polymer waste.
Discourse of Political Opposition in Presidential Elections Campaign of 2012 (on the example of Novaya Gazeta (New Newspaper) publications)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kravchuk T. Yu.
Published: June 2021

The article considers political opposition discourse in the presidential elections campaign in Russia in 2012 (on the material of № 136 (2011) – № 22 (2012) of Novaya Gazeta). The analysis of methods and means of linguistic manipulation and purposes of their usage is given; other discourse features of this period are described.
An «Old-time Russian Master» Troyekurov and an «Old-time Nobleman» Andrei Dubrovsky in the Variants of Pushkin’s Autograph of the Novel Dubrovsky
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kislina M. S.
Published: June 2021

The article compares the variants of Pushkin’s autograph of the novel Dubrovsky concerning the images of the elder representatives of the nobility. Variants’ textual analysis allows to reveal the process of artistic idea implementation.
Vaudeville Vice-King by I. Ilf and Ye. Petrov: Genre Poetics
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shelenok M. A.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes genre peculiarity of the Vice-King vaudeville – one of the first experiments in drama by I. Ilf and Ye. Petrov. The interaction of artistic means characteristic of the vaudeville genre and satirical comedy is considered; the focuses of dramaturgic action and the vector direction of the traditional vaudeville form update are identified.
Student comments on a professor’s rating as an evaluating speech genre in Russian and American educational discourse
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Anisimova Anna T.
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the speech genre “student comments on a professor’s rating” which belongs to the domain of quality assurance in higher education. Both aspects are meaningful for the theory of speech genres and the system of higher education. The article analyses the communicative concept “student feedback on teaching” which is related to the speech genre under research. The article also deals with description and comparative analysis of speech genre features of axiological texts which belong to the domain of the “quality of education” in Russian and American linguistic cultures. Apart from this, the article attempts to classify the speech genre forms of students comments on teaching. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the speech genre “student feedback on teaching” in Russian and American education discourse there have been deduced several common and national specific language features and phenomena. The evaluating communicative concept “student feedback on teaching” comprises not only emotional evaluating attitude of the author but also a structural semiotic paradigm of the teaching evaluation. The American concept demonstrates higher semiotic density. The comparative analysis of verbal implementation of the concept in the Russian and American student feedback comments allows to conclude that the corresponding speech genre in American culture looks like an established speech practice, while into Russian culture this genre has been borrowed and is still being formed.
Family Medical History (Knowledge, Attitude) and Management Practices of Diabetes Patients Attending Medical Out Patient Department in Federal Capital Territory Abuja
Authors: Wakili Kulu , Anjuwon Tayo Micheal , Adepoju Oluwafemi Abiodun , Okolo Ijeoma , Andongma Binda Tembeng , James Dorcas Bolanle , Owolabi Olumuyiwa Adeyemi
Published: June 2021

Objective: The study assessed the knowledge, attitude and management practices of diabetes patients attending medical outpatient department in Federal Capital Territory Abuja.
Materials and Methods: A total of 120 randomly selected respondents between 18 - 65 years were assessed using standard methods in a cross-sectional survey involving the use of validated semi-structured questionnaires.
Results: The findings revealed that 60% of patients were without health insurance despite the fact that they are educated; 53% have been diagnosed and began their treatment between 2 and 5 years. For the knowledge indicators, 50% of the patients know two types of diabetes, 35% were able to list two types of diabetes while 56.70% could not list any type of diabetes. Attitude assessment among the diabetic patients revealed that 79.17%, 62.50%, 68.33% and 51.67% visit a physician; do monitor their blood glucose, have altered their eating habit and agreed that sedentary lifestyle is not good respectively; 41.67% of the respondents read health materials. In the area of lifestyle, changes made by the diabetic patients include check-up (3.33%), diet (18.33%) and exercise (20.00); 40.00% and 14.17% made a combination of two and three lifestyle changes respectively. Majority of the respondents do have their blood glucose level checked monthly.
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, the diabetic patients’ knowledge, attitude and dietary practices are contributing factors to their high fasting blood glucose and poor nutrition status.
Spatial Distribution of Ticks (Arachniada: Argasidae and Ixodidae) and Their Infection Rate to Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Iran
Authors: Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Jafari Samin , Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh , Abbasi-Ghahramanloo Abbas , Moradi-Asl Eslam
Published: June 2021

Background: The Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is one of the most important arthropod-borne viral dis-eases with a mortality rate of about 30% among humans. The disease, caused by a Nairovirus, is transmitted to humans and animals by hard and soft ticks. This study aimed to determine the distribution of soft and hard ticks in the past three decades in Iran with an emphasis on the vectors of the CCHF virus.
Methods: In this study, all studies that were carried out in different regions of Iran from 1979 to 2018 and their results were published in prestigious journals were used to create a database. The distribution of ticks was mapped using ArcMap10.3.
Results: Based on the results, nine genera and 37 species of soft and hard ticks were recorded in Iran. So far, six genera and 16 species of hard and soft ticks were reported to be infected with the CCHF virus. The infection to this virus was reported from 18 out of 31 provinces, with a high rate in Sistan and Baluchistan as well as Khuzestan provinces. The highest levels of CCHF infection belonged to Hyalomma marginatum and H. anatolicum.
Conclusion: The main vectors of CCHF, H. marginatum and H. anatolicum, were reported in more than 38.7% of Iran's provinces, and these two species were identified as invasive species in Iran. Thus, control activities should be strength-ened to avoid the outbreaks of CCHF.
Immune Responses in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: in vitro Thelper1/Thelper2 Cy-tokine Profiles Using Live Versus Killed Leishmania major
Authors: Miramin-Mohammadi Akram , Javadi Amir , Eskandari Seyyed Ebrahim , Nateghi-Rostami Mahmood , Khamesipour Ali
Published: June 2021

Background: Recovery from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) leads to protection against further lesion development. In contrast, vaccination using killed parasites does not induce enough protection; the reason(s) is not currently known but might be related to different immune response induced against live versus killed parasites. In this study, Th1/Th2 cyto-kine profiles of CL patients were evaluated against live versus killed Leishmania major.
Methods: In this study peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the volunteers with active CL lesion (CL), history of CL (HCL) and healthy volunteers were cultured and stimulated with live or killed Leishmania major, the superna-tants were collected and levels of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-10 were titrated using ELISA method.
Results: The results showed that IFN-γ levels in CL patients (p< 0.001) and HCL volunteers (p< 0.005) are signifi-cantly higher when stimulated with live than stimulated with killed L. major. IFN-γ production in PBMC volunteers with CL and HCL stimulated with live or heat-killed L. major was significantly (p< 0.001) higher than in unstimulated ones. The level of IL-5 in CL patients (p< 0.005) and HCL volunteers (p< 0.001) are significantly lower when stimulated with live than killed L. major. There was no significant difference between the levels of IL-10 in PBMC stimulated with either live or killed L. major.
Conclusion: It is concluded that using live Leishmania induces a stronger Th1 type of immune response which justify using leishmanization as a control measure against CL.
Developing a Model for Evaluating Patient Experience in Educational Hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Najib Jalali Mojtaba , Vafaee Najar Ali , Jamali Jamshid , Hooshmand Elaheh
Published: June 2021

Background: Understanding the "patient experience" is a key step in moving towards patient-centered care. The purpose of this study is to design a patient experience evaluation model to evaluate the effective components in the patient experience in hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This was a comparative descriptive study conducted using databases and information resources and based on a comprehensive review, and the models used in other parts of the world were extracted based on the research protocol and entered into a comparative matrix. The reliability of the extracted framework was verified using the agreement coefficient of the parties. In order to validate the model, the questions were prepared in the form of a questionnaire and validated by the specialists of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during two-round Delphi using SPSS 16 software.
Results: In this study, 10 models were obtained for evaluating patient experience in different countries, each of which was composed of several dimensions and some of them had overlap. The models included American model (8 dimensions), Swedish model (10 dimensions), British first model (7 dimensions), British second model (8 dimensions), Scotland model (6 dimensions), Hong Kong model (9 dimensions), Norway first model (6 dimensions), Norway second model (5 dimensions), India model (10 dimensions), and the model of Ethiopia (5 dimensions). The final model with 10 dimensions and 29 sub- dimensions was approved and validated.
Conclusion: The results showed that the suitable pattern for Iran had 10 dimensions and 29 sub-dimensions. Among the dimensions, respect for the patient's privacy and dignity had the highest score and the way patients are discharged from the hospital had the lowest score.
Evaluation of Behavioral Immune System and its Unique Effect on Prejudice and Stigmatization in Patients with Infectious Diseases
Authors: Eftekhari Asie , Bakhtiari Maryam
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Behavioral immune systems allow organisms to detect the presence of disease-causing pathogens in their environment more immediately and engage in behaviors that prevent them from coming into contact with objects and individuals. There is extensive research linking behavioral immune systems to a variety of prejudices. These prejudices cause labeling and ultimately social stigma on these people. Therefore, the present study investigated the behavioral safety system and its unique effect on prejudice and stigmatization in people with infectious diseases.
In this review study, the research literature was searched through Google Scholar and PubMed with the words "Behavioral Immune System, Prejudice, Stigmatization", and the relevant authorities were included in this study. Research has shown that people tend to associate illness with obesity, the manifestation of facial symptoms, physical disability, and foreign nationality in order to avoid becoming ill by predicting illness and thus overreacting to them. These reactions occur in many groups of people who do not actually have the contagious disease and are called a type of psychological allergy. These prejudicial reactions and labeling can cause social distress for these people and their long-term social isolation.
Conclusion: Disgust is triggered in response to pathogen-related stimuli and is associated with unique patterns of autonomic nervous system activity and neural activity, but in functional connections between anatomical structures, chemical neurological processes, and various cognitive and behavioral phenomena, the genetic structure is involved. Demonstrating behavioral immunity, there is not much information and more study is needed.
Central Bank Policy toward the Covid-19 pandemic: Seeking patterns among the most powerful central banks
Authors: Matysek-Jędrych Anna , Mroczek-Dąbrowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The main objective of this chapter is to identify the role of central banks in managing the crisis created by the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to explore this subject, the chapter attempts to identify similarities and differences in the behavior of selected central banks, those most important from the viewpoint of the global economy. Design/methodology/approach: The study encompassed 29 countries, mostly European economies (16) and other economies that bear the impact on the global output. The empirical analysis was based on k-means clustering analysis, which enabled us to identify groups of countries that followed similar solutions in response to the Covid-19 crisis. Findings: The analysis conducted in this chapter indicates the diverse nature of central banks’ policies and, in many cases, to aspecific bias toward an increase in monetary or financial policies. The intensification of the use of the tools of certain policies must be seen from the perspective of the purpose of those policies, but also in the context of the legal or statutory constraints imposed on central banks. Research limitations/implications: An interesting direction of research into the diverse nature of central bank policies will undoubtedly be to seek answers to the question of the effectiveness of these policies in the context of crisis. Such astudy, carried out ex post, may provide astarting point for designing future central bank crisis policy and implementing institutional solutions of anational or even supranational nature. Originality and value: The chapter shed some light on the regulatory and statutory sphere of central banking. We may clearly state that key central banks of the world do not operate within the framework of asingle universal rule and that there simultaneously is no optimal combination of crisis policy tools even for the same crisis. Therefore, when looking for regulatory and legal solutions, we should treat each case individually by designing regulations in away that corresponds to the specific features and conditions prevailing in the given financial and economic system.
Internal substitution in the tourism market: Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Niezgoda Agnieszka , Markiewicz Ewa , Kowalska Klaudyna
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic are difficult to estimate, but the impact on the tourism industry is undeniable. This also applies to consumers’ behavior in the tourism market, whose attitudes towards travel may change radically. The aim of this chapter is to analyze substitution processes in the tourism market caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is a review in nature and includes papers on tourism economics, particularly the tourism market, as well as secondary data on changes in tourism (tourism participation and consumer behavior) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: The Covid-19 pandemic does not have to be the factor slowing travels, as it may affect internal substitution on the tourism market. In the situation of the Covid-19 pandemic, all internal substitution options listed in the chapter were noticed on the tourism market in Poland. Research limitations/implications: As long as the emergency situation restricting the functioning of the tourism market continues, the results of the study cannot be definitive. Practical implications: The results can be useful for tour operators, especially in the process of planning tourism development after the crisis caused by the pandemic. Social implications: The chapter indicates changes in consumer behavior on the tourism market caused by COVID-19 pandemic, which may characterize tourists after the end of the pandemic. Originality and value: The article identifies types of internal substitution that occurred in the tourism market in Poland as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.