bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-assessment of costs and environmental impacts for off-grid direct air carbon capture and storage systems
Authors: Gutsch Moritz , Leker Jens
Published: January 2024

Large-scale deployment of direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) is required to offset CO2 emissions. To guide decision-making, a combined assessment of costs and environmental impacts for DACS systems is necessary. Here we present a cost model and life cycle assessment for several combinations of off-grid DACSs, powered by photovoltaic (PV) energy and heat pumps combined with battery storages to mitigate intermittency of the PV energy source. Utilization factors of DACSs are estimated for different locations, power of PV systems and battery capacities. We find that the cost optimal layout for a DACS in Nevada (USA) with a nominal CO2 removal capacity of 100,000tCO2 per year consists of 100 MW PV and 300MWh battery. Costs are $755 and $877 for gross and net removal of 1tCO2. The cost difference is explained by a carbon removal efficiency (CRE) of 88%. Of 16 evaluated environmental impact categories mineral resource use is most problematic. We conceive a dashboard which allows to track how changes to technical parameters, such as energy consumption or adsorbent degradation, impact costs, CRE and combined environmental impacts. In an optimized scenario and including tax credits, costs for net-removal of 1tCO2 will be $216 at a CRE of 93%.
Predicting state level suicide fatalities in the united states with realtime data and machine learning
Authors: Patel Devashru , Sumner Steven A. , Bowen Daniel , Zwald Marissa , Yard Ellen , Wang Jing , Law Royal , Holland Kristin , Nguyen Theresa , Mower Gary , Chen Yushiuan , Johnson Jenna Iberg , Jespersen Megan , Mytty Elizabeth , Lee Jennifer M. , Bauer Michael , Caine Eric , De Choudhury Munmun
Published: January 2024

Digital trace data and machine learning techniques are increasingly being adopted to predict suicide-related outcomes at the individual level; however, there is also considerable public health need for timely data about suicide trends at the population level. Although significant geographic variation in suicide rates exist by state within the United States, national systems for reporting state suicide trends typically lag by one or more years. We developed and validated a deep learning based approach to utilize real-time, state-level online (Mental Health America web-based depression screenings; Google and YouTube Search Trends), social media (Twitter), and health administrative data (National Syndromic Surveillance Program emergency department visits) to estimate weekly suicide counts in four participating states. Specifically, per state, we built a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model to combine signals from the real-time data sources and compared predicted values of suicide deaths from our model to observed values in the same state. Our LSTM model produced accurate estimates of state-specific suicide rates in all four states (percentage error in suicide rate of −2.768% for Utah, −2.823% for Louisiana, −3.449% for New York, and −5.323% for Colorado). Furthermore, our deep learning based approach outperformed current gold-standard baseline autoregressive models that use historical death data alone. We demonstrate an approach to incorporate signals from multiple proxy real-time data sources that can potentially provide more timely estimates of suicide trends at the state level. Timely suicide data at the state level has the potential to improve suicide prevention planning and response tailored to the needs of specific geographic communities.
Perspectives and pitfalls in preserving subterranean biodiversity through protected areas
Authors: Mammola Stefano , Altermatt Florian , Alther Roman , Amorim Isabel R. , Băncilă Raluca I. , Borges Paulo A. V. , Brad Traian , Brankovits David , Cardoso Pedro , Cerasoli Francesco , Chauveau Claire A. , Delić Teo , Di Lorenzo Tiziana , Faille Arnaud , Fišer Cene , Flot Jean-François , Gabriel Rosalina , Galassi Diana M. P. , Garzoli Laura , Griebler Christian , Konecny-Dupré Lara , Martínez Alejandro , Mori Nataša , Nanni Veronica , Ogorelec Žiga , Pallarés Susana , Salussolia Alice , Saccò Mattia , Stoch Fabio , Vaccarelli Ilaria , Zagmajster Maja , Zittra Carina , Meierhofer Melissa B. , Sánchez-Fernández David , Malard Florian
Published: January 2024

Subterranean ecosystems (comprising terrestrial, semi-aquatic, and aquatic components) are increasingly threatened by human activities; however, the current network of surface-protected areas is inadequate to safeguard subterranean biodiversity. Establishing protected areas for subterranean ecosystems is challenging. First, there are technical obstacles in mapping three-dimensional ecosystems with uncertain boundaries. Second, the rarity and endemism of subterranean organisms, combined with a scarcity of taxonomists, delays the accumulation of essential biodiversity knowledge. Third, establishing agreements to preserve subterranean ecosystems requires collaboration among multiple actors with often competing interests. This perspective addresses the challenges of preserving subterranean biodiversity through protected areas. Even in the face of uncertainties, we suggest it is both timely and critical to assess general criteria for subterranean biodiversity protection and implement them based on precautionary principles. To this end, we examine the current status of European protected areas and discuss solutions to improve their coverage of subterranean ecosystems.
Prodrugs as empowering tools in drug discovery and development: recent strategic applications of drug delivery solutions to mitigate challenges associated with lead compounds and drug candidates
Authors: Subbaiah Murugaiah A. M. , Rautio Jarkko , Meanwell Nicholas A.
Published: January 2024

Recent tactical applications of prodrugs as effective tools in drug discovery and development to resolve issues associated with drug delivery of lead and drug candidates are reviewed as a reflection of the approval of 53 prodrugs during 2012–2022.
A paper-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on carbon dots modified with Eu3+ for the selective detection of tetracycline in seafood aquaculture water
Authors: Zhang Jialu , Chen Yuanyuan , Qi Ji , Miao Qinglan , Deng Dongmei , He Haibo , Yan Xiaoxia , Luo Liqiang
Published: January 2024

A new dual-emission proportional fluorescent material CD-Eu is synthesized and constructed as a paper-based sensor for the detection of tetracycline. The paper-based sensor is designed and compared by one-step and step-by-step grafting methods.
Alkyl-templated cocrystallization of long-chain 1-bromoalkanes by lipid-like ionic liquids
Authors: Musozoda Muhammadiqboli , Muller Joseph E. , Anderson Grace I. , Boucher Mairead , Zeller Matthias , Raymond Casey C. , Hillesheim Patrick C. , Mirjafari Arsalan
Published: January 2024

Cocrystallization of long-chain bromoalkanes and lipid-like ionic liquids, revealing distinctive host–guest complex structures reminiscent of biomembranes.
Molecular baskets form inclusion complexes with phenethylamine drugs in water
Authors: Finnegan Tyler J. , Mortensen Christopher , Badjić Jovica D.
Published: January 2024

Molecular basket 16− comprising a nonpolar cavity and an anionic nest of six carboxylates at its rim was found to form inclusion complexes with (1R, 2S)-ephedrine, (1R, 2R)-pseudoephedrine, and (1S, 2R)-tranylcypromine.
Post transition metal substituted Keggin-type POMs as thin film chemiresistive sensors for H2O and CO2 detection
Authors: Seddon Abigail A. , Hill Nathan S. , El-Zubir Osama , Houlton Andrew , Errington R. John , Docampo Pablo , Gibson Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2024

Chemiresitive sensing allows the affordable and facile detection of small molecules such as H2O and CO2.
Generating a skeleton reaction network for reactions of large-scale ReaxFF MD pyrolysis simulations based on a machine learning predicted reaction class
Authors: Yang Shanwen , Li Xiaoxia , Zheng Mo , Ren Chunxing , Guo Li
Published: January 2024

Skeleton reaction network identification of hydrocarbon pyrolysis from ReaxFF MD using reaction class & product ratios of merged pathways of each reaction class predicted by a reaction-center-based machine learning classifier of tri-training.
Towards understanding the lower CH4 selectivity of HCP-Co than FCC-Co in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Luo Dan , Liu Xingchen , Chang Tong , Bai Jiawei , Guo Wenping , Zheng Wentao , Wen Xiaodong
Published: January 2024

In Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), the cobalt catalyst has higher C5+ and lower CH4 selectivity in the hcp phase than in the fcc phase.
Computational design of metal hydrides on a defective metal–organic framework HKUST-1 for ethylene dimerization
Authors: Hashem Karam , Krishnan Ramakrishna , Yang Kuiwei , Anjali Bai Amutha , Zhang Yugen , Jiang Jianwen
Published: January 2024

Metal hydrides on a defective metal–organic framework are computationally designed for ethylene dimerization.
O–O bond formation via radical coupling in a dinuclear iron water oxidation catalyst with high catalytic activity
Authors: Li Ge , Ahlquist Mårten S. G.
Published: January 2024

A mechanism involving O–O bond formation via radical coupling of two subunits is proposed for a dinuclear iron complex. The mechanism can proceed at low overpotentials and agrees with the experimental kinetics.
Gas-sensing properties of Ti, Zr, V, and Nb-modified Ti3C2O2 for decomposed gases in locomotive electric transformers: a DFT study
Authors: Zhang Yanshan , Yan Shoucheng , Zhu Yawei
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the adsorption properties of the decomposed gases in locomotive electric transformers: C2H2, CH4, and CO on metal atoms (Ti, Zr, V, and Nb) modified Ti3C2O2 by DFT calculations.
Bimetallic CPM-37(Ni,Fe) metal–organic framework: enhanced porosity, stability and tunable composition
Authors: Abdpour Soheil , Fetzer Marcus N. A. , Oestreich Robert , Beglau Thi Hai Yen , Boldog István , Janiak Christoph
Published: January 2024

CPM-37 MOFs demonstrate enhanced stability for mixed metal variants, which ensure favorable local charge distribution/balance. The decomposition of these MOFs leads to mixed metal oxides with lower Tafel slope in the OER than for the RuO2 benchmark.
A novel style of 2D Hofmann-type coordination polymer incorporated trigonal prismatic coordination geometry with bidentate co-ligands
Authors: Imamura Yuki , Yoshino Haruka , Le Ouay Benjamin , Ohtani Ryo , Ohba Masaaki
Published: January 2024

A novel 2D Hofmann-type corrugated framework possessing MnII centres in the trigonal prismatic coordination geometry was derived by a combination of a quasi C4v symmetric building unit [MVN(CN)4]2− and a bidentate co-ligand dmbpy.
Synthesis, characterization, and cancer cell-selective cytotoxicity of mixed-ligand cobalt(iii) complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolines and phenanthroline bases
Authors: Deka Banashree , Sarkar Tukki , Bhattacharyya Arnab , Butcher Ray J. , Banerjee Samya , Deka Sasanka , Saikia Kandarpa K. , Hussain Akhtar
Published: January 2024

Transition metal complexes exhibiting selective toxicity towards a broad range of cancer types are highly desirable as potential anticancer agents.
Dynamic metal-linker bonds in metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Svensson Grape Erik , Davenport Audrey M. , Brozek Carl K.
Published: January 2024

Metal-linker bonds serve as the “glue” that binds metal ions to multitopic organic ligands in the porous materials known as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs).
Interactions between intestinal microbial fermentation products of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide with gut mucus
Authors: Ma Gaoxing , Ma Sai , Du Hengjun , Li Xinyi , Tao Qi , Hu Qiuhui , Xiao Hang
Published: January 2024

This study proved that Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide fermented by gut microbes can interact with intestinal mucus, and the degree of interaction will be affected by the time when polysaccharide is acted on by gut microbes.
A quinoa peptide protects impaired mucus barriers in colitis mice by inhibiting NF-κB-TRPV1 signaling and regulating the gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Luanfeng , Wu Shufeng , Chen Tong , Xiong Ling , Wang Fang , Song Haizhao , Zhou Jianxin , Wei Shixiang , Ren Bo , Shen Xinchun
Published: January 2024

A novel anti-inflammatory peptide TPGAFF from quinoa protects impaired mucus barriers by inhibiting NF-κB-TRPV1 signaling and regulating the gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice.
Analytical capabilities of LA-ICP-ToF-MS for ultra-fast 2D quantitative elemental mapping of micrometeorites
Authors: Chernonozhkin Stepan M. , Van Acker Thibaut , Van Malderen Stijn J. M. , Belza Joke , Goderis Steven , Vanhaecke Frank
Published: January 2024

LA-ICP-ToF-MS elemental mapping is often referred to as a semi-quantitative approach, but in this work it was demonstrated capable of providing quantitative 2D element distribution maps for micrometeorites with high accuracy and precision.
Measurement of Fe emission spectrum from 170 nm to 600 nm with a coma-free spectrometer
Authors: Li Chu , Xia Guo-Qiang , Jiang An-Qing , Ren Jiu-Chun , Hu Er-Tao , Chen Jian-Ke , Zhang Qiao-Chu , Yu Lei , Yoshie Osamu , Xiang X.-D. , Zhao Hai-Bin , Zheng Yu-Xiang , Wang Song-You , Yang Yue-Mei , Wei Wei , Lee Young-Pak , Guo Junpeng , Jia Yun-Hai , Chen Liang-Yao
Published: January 2024

A coma-free superhigh spectral resolution optical spectrometer was successfully designed and constructed for practical application.
Fast and high spatially resolved multielemental mapping of otoliths using IR&UV-femtosecond laser ablation-ICP-TOFMS
Authors: Pisonero Jorge , Avigliano Esteban , Soto-Gancedo Cristian , Méndez-Vicente Ana , Méndez-López Cristina , Orejas Jaime , Bordel Nerea
Published: January 2024

Fast, high-spatially resolved, multi-elemental analysis of otoliths using fs-LA-ICP-TOFMS, quantitative analysis using IR-fs-LA and UV-fs-LA, determination of major and trace analytes, MACS3 as calibrating sample.
Microplasma-induced rapid polymerization of tannic acid for surface modification
Authors: Qing Qi , Xie Zhikang , Luo Junhan , Wang Zhe , Liu Shuang , Chen Jing , Lu Yuexiang
Published: January 2024

Microplasma electrochemistry (MIPEC) method can induce and accelerate the polymerization of tannic acid (TA) and form a polymer coating on various substrates, which is a quick, controllable and green method.
A novel two-dimensional cobaltporphyrin-based organic framework as a promising electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction reaction: a computational study
Authors: Gong Kai , Wen Xue-Wei , He Xuan-Feng , Fei Yu-Huai , Song Jing , Wang Cong
Published: January 2024

Nine two-dimensional (2D) metalloporphyrin organic frameworks are designed and constructed by copper clusters and metalloporphyrins, in which the Co-PMOF is identified as the best electrocatalyst toward the CO2 reduction reaction among them.
Self-assembled VN/Ti3C2Tx composites for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Di , Zhang Deyang , Feng Binhe , Cheng Jinbing , Bai Zuxue , Wang Zhaorui , Chang Jin , Chu Paul K. , Lu Yang , Luo Yongsong
Published: January 2024

Ti3C2Tx/VN produced by a simple one-step in situ nitriding technique has high conductivity and high capacitance due to the expanded interlayer. This one-step in situ nitridation technique is a cleaner and safer alternative to traditional synthetic methods.
Monolithic porous carbon membrane-based hybrid electrodes with ultrahigh mass loading carbon-encapsulated Co nanoparticles for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wei Zhicheng , Zhang Zhengguo , Wang Fang , Min Shixiong
Published: January 2024

Monolithic carbon membrane-based hybrid electrodes with an ultrahigh active mass loading are developed by carbonization of Co-adsorbed Pleurotus eryngii (PE) for directly assembling a supercapacitor with high energy density and cycling stability.
Improving the development of human engineered cardiac tissue by gold nanorods embedded extracellular matrix for long-term viability
Authors: Sesena-Rubfiaro Alberto , Prajapati Navin J. , Lou Lihua , Ghimire Govinda , Agarwal Arvind , He Jin
Published: January 2024

Gold nanorod embedded extracellular matrix significantly enhanced the maturation and lifetime of human engineered cardiac tissue.
In situ peptide assemblies for bacterial infection imaging and treatment
Authors: Zhou Yanyan , Xu Lingling , Sun Xianbao , Zhan Wenjun , Liang Gaolin
Published: January 2024

In situ peptide assemblies have attracted considerable attention as promising alternatives in bacterial infection imaging and treatment.
Triplet properties and intersystem crossing mechanism of PtAg28 nanocluster sensitizers achieving low threshold and efficient photon upconversion
Authors: Mitsui Masaaki , Uchida Atsuki
Published: January 2024

The combination of the PtAg28 nanocluster sensitizer with a 9,10-diphenylanthracene emitter achieved a low upconversion threshold of 0.8 mW cm−2 at 532 nm excitation, along with efficient upconversion under 1-sun conditions.
Carboxyl graphene modified PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistor for in situ detection of cancer cell morphology
Authors: Song Qingyuan , Liu Hongni , Wang Weiyi , Chen Chaohui , Cao Yiping , Chen Bolei , Cai Bo , He Rongxiang
Published: January 2024

In this study, a solution-gated organic electrochemical transistor based on PEDOT:PSS was developed to detect cancer cells in situ. The carboxyl graphene mixed in PEDOT:PSS film was used to modulate cancer cell morphology during detection.
Bacterially synthesized superfine tellurium nanoneedles as an antibacterial and solar-thermal still for efficient purification of polluted water
Authors: Wang Yu , Huang Zhongming , Gao Yijian , Yu Jie , Zhang Jie , Li Xiliang , Yang Yuliang , Zhao Qi , Li Shengliang
Published: January 2024

A bacterial biosynthesis of broad-absorbance superfine tellurium nanoneedles was developed. We demonstrated the effectiveness of a Te NDs-based still scaffold for solar-thermal evaporation, wastewater treatments, and antibacterial applications.
Additively manufactured customized microhelix motors' bursting motion in mesoscopic tubes for vessel declogging
Authors: Cao Yang , Yi Hongyu , Ge Kongyu , Gao Yifan , Zhang Zhenchao , Feng Huanhuan
Published: January 2024

Magnetic microhelix motors are widely employed in various applications such as cargo transportation, drug delivery, toxic substance declogging, and cell manipulation, due to their unique adaptive magnetic manipulation capabilities.
Synthesis of N-glycosyl amides: conformational analysis and evaluation as inhibitors of β-galactosidase from E. coli
Authors: Traverssi Miqueas G. , Manzano Verónica E. , Varela Oscar , Colomer Juan P.
Published: January 2024

Synthesis of N-glycosyl amides is proposed from glycosyl azides. Hexose derivatives stereoselectively formed the β anomer, while xylo derivatives produced a mixture of α (1C4) and β (4C1) anomers. Free galactose derivatives were moderate inhibitors of E. coli β-galactosidase.
The distribution and enrichment characteristics of rare earth elements between coals and coal ashes from four coal-fired power plants
Authors: Wu Guoqiang , Ma Zhanlong , Li Guosheng , Bo Chunmiao
Published: January 2024

Coal and coal ash (slag and fly ash) have emerged as important potential sources for rare earth elements (REY).
Replica exchange molecular dynamics for Li-intercalation in graphite: a new solution for an old problem
Authors: Park Heesoo , Wragg David S. , Koposov Alexey Y.
Published: January 2024

Li intercalation and graphite stacking have been extensively studied because of the importance of graphite in commercial Li-ion batteries.
Dynamic surface reconstruction of individual gold nanoclusters by using a co-reactant enables color-tunable electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Lei Yan-Mei , Wu Di , Pan Mei-Chen , Tao Xiu-Li , Zeng Wei-Jia , Gan Li-Yong , Chai Ya-Qin , Yuan Ruo , Zhuo Ying
Published: January 2024

We report for the first time the phenomenon of continuously color-tunable ECL from individual Au NCs confined in a porous hydrogel matrix. The color-tunable ECL property arises from the dynamic surface reconstruction of Au NCs and co-reactants.
Metal–carbon bonding in early lanthanide substituted cyclopentadienyl complexes probed by pulsed EPR spectroscopy
Authors: Nodaraki Lydia E. , Liu Jingjing , Ariciu Ana-Maria , Ortu Fabrizio , Oakley Meagan S. , Birnoschi Letitia , Gransbury Gemma K. , Cobb Philip J. , Emerson-King Jack , Chilton Nicholas F. , Mills David P. , McInnes Eric J. L. , Tuna Floriana
Published: January 2024

We report relaxation and ligand hyperfine effects in an isostructural series of early lanthanide substituted cyclopentadienyl complexes, [Ln(Cptt)3] (Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm; Cptt = C5H3tBu2-1,3), by pulsed EPR spectroscopy.
Nature and strength of group-14 A–A′ bonds
Authors: Rodrigues Silva Daniela , Blokker Eva , van der Schuur J. Martijn , Hamlin Trevor A. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias
Published: January 2024

Quantum-chemical analyses reveal: Si–Si bonds are longer, weaker, and react oppositely to introducing bulkier substituents than C–C bonds.
Synthesis and structural characterization of stable coinage metal (Cu, Ag, Au) cyclopentadienyl complexes
Authors: Sievers Robin , Reimann Marc , Kub Nico G. , Rupf Susanne M. , Kaupp Martin , Malischewski Moritz
Published: January 2024

We report the first complete series of structurally characterized cyclopentadienyl complexes of coinage metals. Their unusually high stability is due to the high oxidative stability of the perfluorinated Cp* ligand [C5(CF3)5]−.
ChatGPT integration in perovskite research: unveiling pros and cons of AI integration for scientific advancements
Authors: Castriotta Luigi Angelo
Published: January 2024

Image generated by DALL-E on the use of artificial intelligence in learning, summarizing the concept to learn and act to help researchers in any field.
A toolbox for improved recycling of critical metals and materials in low-carbon technologies
Authors: Zante Guillaume , Elgar Christopher E. , Hartley Jennifer M. , Mukherjee Rudra , Kettle Jeff , Horsfall Louise E. , Walton Allan , Harper Gavin D. J. , Abbott Andrew P.
Published: January 2024

A “toolbox” of processes is highlighted to recycle metals from energy storage and renewable energy devices.
Real-time observation of the exchange process between H2O and NO in the metal–organic framework Ni-MOF-74
Authors: Pandey Haardik , Wang Hao , Alfaro Monica Vasquez , Li Jing , Thonhauser Timo , Tan Kui
Published: January 2024

Combination of in situ IR spectroscopy and ab initio calculations reveals the detailed exchange process of H2O and NO in Ni-MOF-74 and uncovers its unusual energetics and kinetics caused by H-bonding interaction.
Single-site cobalt catalyst embedded in a covalent triazine-based framework (CTF) for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Jana Anupam , Maity Arijit , Sarkar Abhimanyu , Show Bibhutibhushan , Bhobe Preeti A. , Bhunia Asamanjoy
Published: January 2024

Single-site Co-embedded CTF-TPE exhibits high photocatalytic CO2 conversion to CO with a production rate of 945 μmol g−1 h−1.
A graphdiyne based separator toward high performance activated electrolyte-enhanced supercapacitors
Authors: Liang Na , Wu Xueyan , Zhang Xiuli , Lv Yan , Guo Jixi , Guo Renhe , Zhu Yingfu , Liu Huibiao , Jia Dianzeng
Published: January 2024

A GDY/PVA membrane (diameter 5.5 in), fabricated via an in situ composite method, enables AEESCs with long self-discharge (484 700 s), high capacitance (443.5 F g−1), and 79.99% retention after 20 000 cycles.
Fluorine-free coating-based droplet triboelectric nanogenerators for highly efficient energy harvesting
Authors: Wang Hanchao , Feng Min , Wang Wenpeng , Wang Wenqi , Meng Jie , Liu Yupeng , Wang Qiang , Wang Daoai
Published: January 2024

A new structural droplet-based (D)-TENG is designed with a communal electrode (CE) based on a silicon resin-modified acrylic resin coating for efficiently harvesting water droplet energy and reducing costs.
Self-triggered carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel for the convenient sustained release of ClO2 gas with environmental stability and long-term antimicrobial effect
Authors: Yao Yuan , Zhou Tianrui , Deng Yongfu , Li Xiaoxing , Wei Fuxiang , Lin Baofeng
Published: January 2024

Preparation and application process of the CMCS-Zn@NaClO2 gel.
Improving electron mobility in MoS2 field-effect transistors by optimizing the interface contact and enhancing the channel conductance through local structural phase transition
Authors: Cheng Zhaofang , He Shaodan , Han Xiaona , Zhang Xudong , Chen Lina , Duan Shijun , Zhang Shimin , Xia Minggang
Published: January 2024

A structural phase incorporation strategy was proposed to improve the electron mobility of MoS2 FETs up to 237 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Metabolic and behavioral alterations associated with viral vector-mediated toxicity in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus
Authors: Savani Rohan , Park Erin , Busannagari Nidhi , Lu Yi , Kwon Hyokjoon , Wang Le , Pang Zhiping P.
Published: January 2024

Objective: Combining adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of Cre recombinase with genetically modified floxed animals is a powerful approach for assaying the functional role of genes in regulating behavior and metabolism. Extensive research in diverse cell types and tissues using AAV-Cre has shown it can save time and avoid developmental compensation as compared with using Cre driver mouse line crossings. We initially sought to study the impact of the ablation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) using intracranial AAV-Cre injection in adult animals.

Methods: In the present study, we stereotactically injected AAV8-hSyn-Cre or a control AAV8-hSyn-GFP in both Crh-floxed and wild-type mouse PVN to assess behavioral and metabolic impacts. We then used immunohistochemical markers to systematically evaluate the density of hypothalamic peptidergic neurons and glial cells.

Results: We found that delivery of one specific preparation of AAV8-hSyn-Cre in the PVN led to the development of obesity, hyperphagia, and anxiety-like behaviors. This effect occurred independent of sex and in both floxed and wild-type mice. We subsequently found that AAV8-hSyn-Cre led to neuronal cell death and gliosis at the site of viral vector injections. These behavioral and metabolic deficits were dependent on injection into the PVN. An alternatively sourced AAV-Cre did not reproduce the same results.

Conclusions: Our findings reveal that delivery of a specific batch of AAV-Cre could lead to cellular toxicity and lesions in the PVN that cause robust metabolic and behavioral impacts. These alterations can complicate the interpretation of Cre-mediated gene knockout and highlight the need for rigorous controls.
Stochastic array antenna figures‐of‐merit for quality‐of‐service‐enhanced massive MIMO
Authors: Kanters Noud , Glazunov Andrés Alayón
Published: January 2024

This paper shows that the signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) at a base station (BS) equipped with an arbitrary physical array antenna can be expressed as a function of two fundamental, stochastic figure of merits (FoMs): (I) the instantaneous effective gain (IEG) and (II) the beamforming‐channel correlation (BCC). This result is achieved by applying a novel channel normalization approach using a reference array to preserve effects induced by the embedded element patterns of physical antenna elements. It is shown that both FoMs provide essential insights for quality‐of‐service (QoS)‐based array antenna design by investigating their statistics for BSs applying full‐digital (FD) zero forcing (ZF) beamforming. Various array designs are evaluated, and it is shown that arrays with higher IEGs and a reduced probability of low BCCs can increase the ergodic sum rate and reduce the need for scheduling.
A cyclic‐shift based method for counting cycles of quasi‐cyclic LDPC codes
Authors: Xu Hengzhou , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Li Huaan , Zhu Hai , Zhang Bo , Liu Hui
Published: January 2024

M. Fossorier proposed how to determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cycles in the Tanner graph of quasi‐cyclic LDPC (QC‐LDPC) codes, which has been widely investigated in the study of LDPC codes. This paper presents some new necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cycles with arbitrary lengths and proposes a simple and novel method for counting cycles of QC‐LDPC codes based on the improved conditions. Numerical results show that, compared with the existing methods, the presented method is effective and feasible and can enumerate cycles of QC‐LDPC codes in a cyclic‐shift way.
A novel programmed hybrid modulation for electromagnetic interference mitigation and current ripple control in miniaturised synchronous machine drives
Authors: Ma Hongtai , Li Li , Fan Kunpeng , Guo Youguang , Jin Zhihui , Luo Jian
Published: January 2024

A novel programmed hybrid spreading spectrum modulation method to mitigate electromagnetic interference (EMI) emission and bearing current in the context of miniaturised and lightweight synchronous machine drives is proposed. The proposed method adopts the combination of conventional pulsewidth modulation (PWM) and low common mode voltage PWM. The offline look‐up table for switching frequency is acquired by analysing the root mean square voltage values at different modulation indices and angles. By adjusting the switching frequency according to this table, the spectrum can be spread into the sidebands of the switching frequency, and the harmonic spike can be suppressed. To address the challenge of increased current ripple and harmonic distortion in high torque density motors under overload conditions, a motor model that considers the cross‐saturation and slotting effect is presented. This motor model is used to derive the switching frequency correction factors, aiming to mitigate the influence of saturation and slotting effect on harmonic amplification. The proposed method is well‐suited for controlling synchronous motors using three‐phase two‐level voltage source inverters. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showcasing its advantages in terms of computational complexity reduction and significant attenuation of peak EMI currents.
Efficient calculation of the three-dimensional sound pressure field around a slab track
Authors: Theyssen Jannik , Pieringer Astrid , Kropp Wolfgang
Published: January 2024

The wavenumber domain Boundary Element (2.5D BE) method is well suited to calculate the acoustic sound field around structures with a constant cross-section along one dimension, such as noise barriers or railway track. By expressing the sound field along this dimension in wavenumber domain, the numerical model is reduced from a 3D model to 2D model at each wavenumber. A consequence of the required discrete Fourier domain representation is that the sound field is represented by periodically repeating sections, of which only one section is physically meaningful. The resolution and the number of required wavenumbers increases with the desired length and spatial discretisation of this section. Describing the sound field adequately to auralise the sound without disturbing artefacts requires a large number of wavenumbers (and thus 2D BE computations), which is not feasible for large geometries. Here, a method is introduced that allows the calculation of the 3D sound field by solving a single 2D BE problem for a dense frequency spectrum and interpolating at higher wavenumbers. The calculation efficiency is further increased by precalculating the acoustic transfer functions between each BE surface element and receiver positions. Combining these two methods allows for efficient calculation of the 3D sound field around acoustically rigid structures such as slab tracks. The numerical approach is validated by comparison with a standard 2.5D BEM calculation and an analytical solution. Precalculated transfer functions to calculate the sound radiation from railway track, which are made available online, are illustrated. An example application is presented.
New minimax theorems for lower semicontinuous functions and applications
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Molica Bisci Giovanni , da Silva Ismael S.
Published: January 2024

The classical Fountain Theorem is extended to the case of functionals I which are the sum of a C1 term and of a convex lower semicontinuous functional. In this setting a suitable nonsmooth version of a Heinz’s result has been proved in order to obtain a dual version of the main Fountain’s type result. Moreover, as a byproduct of the theoretical arguments presented here, some applications concerning the existence of infinitely many solutions for a wide class of differential problems are also presented. More precisely, elliptic problems involving either a logarithmic nonlinearity or driven by the 1-Laplacian operator have been studied.
Weak limit of homeomorphisms in W1,n−1: Invertibility and lower semicontinuity of energy
Authors: Doležalová Anna , Hencl Stanislav , Molchanova Anastasia
Published: January 2024

Let Ω, Ω′ ⊂ ℝn be bounded domains and let fm: Ω → Ω′ be a sequence of homeomorphisms with positive Jacobians Jfm > 0 a.e. and prescribed Dirichlet boundary data. Let all fm satisfy the Lusin (N) condition and supm ∫Ω( |D fm|n - 1 + A( |cof D fm|) + φ(Jf)) < ∞, where A and φ are positive convex functions. Let f be a weak limit of fm in W1,n−1. Provided certain growth behaviour of A and φ, we show that f satisfies the (INV) condition of Conti and De Lellis, the Lusin (N) condition, and polyconvex energies are lower semicontinuous.
Motivational management of enterprise innovation development in the context of limited resources and environmental influences
Authors: Arefieva Olena , Poberezhna Zarina , Piletska Samira , Arefiev Serhii , Kwilinski Aleksy
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the main characteristics of motivational management of the enterprise, directly related to the innovation development, especially in conditions of limited resources. The authors define the main goal of the motivation process and analyze the role of motivational management in the activities of modern enterprises and organizations. It is established that the development of an effective system motivation of employees stimulates their actions, and therefore activates and directs their actions to the development of innovative activities and contributes to increasing the level of interest in making a significant labor contribution to the achievement of the goals set by the enterprise. As a result of the research the internal and external motivational factors influencing motivational management and innovations implementation. It was found that creative activity in the innovative activity of enterprises is achieved through an optimal combination of various incentives, however, the current incentive system at enterprises is not able to effectively stimulate employees to engage in innovative activities. The authors propose the system of formation of motivational management of innovative development of the enterprise in conditions of limited resources and environmental influences. The coefficients of motivational management at the industrial enterprises in the conditions of limited resources have been calculated by means of mathematical modeling.
Distributed Multi-Intersection Traffic Flow Prediction using Deep Learning
Authors: Moumen Idriss , Mahdaoui Rabie , Raji Fatima Zahra , Rafalia Najat , Abouchabaka Jaafar
Published: January 2024

Efficient traffic flow prediction is paramount in modern urban transportation management, contributing significantly to energy efficiency and overall sustainability. Traditional traffic prediction models often struggle in complex urban traffic networks, especially at multi-intersection junctions. In response to this challenge, this research paper presents a pioneering approach that not only enhances traffic flow prediction accuracy but also indirectly supports energy efficiency. This study leverages deep learning techniques, specifically the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), to analyze traffic patterns simultaneously at multiple intersections within a city. By treating the entire traffic network as a distributed system, the model provides real-time predictions, allowing for better traffic management and reduced fuel consumption. Moreover, the incorporation of data fusion techniques, which integrate data from various sources, including traffic sensors and historical traffic information, bolsters the accuracy and robustness of predictions. By predicting traffic flows with precision, this research aids in optimizing traffic signal timing, reducing congestion, and ultimately promoting more efficient transportation systems, which, in turn, reduces fuel wastage and emissions. This study, therefore, advances intelligent transportation systems and offers a promising pathway toward improved energy efficiency in urban mobility.
Advancing Sustainable Learning Environments: A Literature Review on Data Encoding Techniques for Student Performance Prediction using Deep Learning Models in Education
Authors: Ouahi Mariame , Khoulji Samira , Laarbi Kerkeb Mohammed
Published: January 2024

The utilization of neural model techniques for predicting learner performance has exhibited success across various technical domains, including natural language processing. In recent times, researchers have progressively directed their attention towards employing these methods to contribute to socioeconomic sustainability, particularly in the context of forecasting student academic performance. Additionally, educational data frequently encompass numerous categorical variables, and the efficacy of prediction models becomes intricately tied to sustainable encoding techniques applied to manage and interpret this data. This approach aligns with the broader goal of fostering sustainable development in education, emphasizing responsible and equitable practices in leveraging advanced technologies for enhanced learning outcomes. Building on this insight, this paper presents a literature review that delves into the use of machine learning techniques for predicting learner outcomes in online training courses. The objective is to offer a summary of the most recent models designed for forecasting student performance, categorical coding methodologies, and the datasets employed. The research conducts experiments to assess the suggested models both against each other and in comparison to certain prediction techniques utilizing alternative machine learning algorithms concurrently. The findings suggest that employing the encoding technique for transforming categorical data enhances the effectiveness of deep learning architectures. Notably, when integrated with long short-term memory networks, this strategy yields exceptional results for the examined issue.
Synthesis and Comparison of Chemical Changes Using FTIR Spectroscop for Copper Substituted Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Mounika S. , Ramakrishnan Praveen
Published: January 2024

The study aims to scrutinise and compare the chemical modifications present in copper-substituted hydroxyapatite utilising FT-IR spectroscopy. The synthesis of both HAp and Cu-modified HAp was conducted via the chemical precipitation method, involving specific chemicals like ammonium hydroxide (HN4OH) solution, diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4), copper chloride hexahydrate (CuCl2.6H2O), and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2.4H2O). The overall sample size was determined through clinlac.com considering the copper-substituted dataset (N=4), an alpha error of 0.05, G power at 80%, an enrolment ratio of 0.1, and a confidence interval of 95%. The acquired FT-IR spectra denote minimal differences between the CuHAp and HAp samples. Each peak bears a resemblance to the distinctive features of HAp, indicating structural similarity between pure hydroxyapatite and the copper-substituted variant. The investigation utilised SPSS 27.0.1 software to compute the copper-doped hydroxyapatite percentages at 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10%. A One Sample T-test revealed a statistically significant difference with a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05), particularly highlighting the statistical significance of copper hydroxyapatite weight percentage (p=0.006). Significant alterations in peak values were observed in the novel copper-substituted hydroxyapatite concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10%. Notably, the study identifies the 10% copper and hydroxyapatite combination as yielding the most noteworthy chemical modifications via spectroscopy. This finding suggests the potential utility of these compounds in medicinal applications.
Development of A Vertical Wire Clamp Mechanism and Wiring Device
Authors: Zhou Pan , Huang Song , Chen Keyu , Zhu Yongqiang , Zhou Weiyu , Li Ren
Published: January 2024

With the improvement of social productivity, high-quality power supply is the main requirement for the power industry. To ensure the stability of power supply, power supply companies need to regularly maintain and repair power equipment, during which the use of grounding wire devices is necessary to protect the working process of maintenance personnel. The existing TV, lightning arrester, and circuit isolation switches of 110kV and above grades in substations mostly use the vertical wire connection method to connect with the equipment. During equipment maintenance, there is a risk of virtual connection and dropping when maintenance personnel install grounding wires on such wires, which threatens the safety of the power grid and personnel. To ensure smooth and stable substation equipment maintenance, a vertical wire clamp mechanism and wiring device have been developed, which not only improves the efficiency of maintenance operations and reduces the labor intensity of maintenance personnel but also reduces the work risks during maintenance operations, and is worth promoting in the industry.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of SnO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite synthesized using sonochemistry method
Authors: Quy Dinh Ngoc , Trung Vu Quoc , Dang Phu Nguyen , Hai Pham Van , Manh Nghia Nguyen , Hoang Luc Huy
Published: January 2024

The SnO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite materials were successfully synthesized via the solid reaction and sonochemistry methods. The properties of the obtained product were investigated using several methods: X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscope. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were evaluated through the photodegradation of Rhodamine B solution. The results demonstrate that the SnO2/g-C3N4 prepared by the sonochemistry method exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than that prepared by the solid reaction method. This enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the formation of heterostructures between SnO2 and g-C3N4 materials, resulting in the efficient separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Furthermore, the nanocomposite exhibits a larger specific surface area compared to the product obtained through the solid reaction method.
Une tenue noire impacte négativement les facteurs psychologiques des joueurs de tennis en environnement tropical
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Carien Robbin , Dominique Laurent , Ruart Shelly
Published: January 2024

De nombreux tournois de tennis ont lieu en environnement chaud et humide dans lequel les joueurs pratiquent en extérieur dans des conditions de températures et de radiations solaires élevées. L’objectif de cette étude originale était de tester l’influence de la couleur de la tenue vestimentaire sur des facteurs psychologiques (e.g., perception de l’effort, affects, sensation de fatigue, de sueur, et confort sensation thermique) et physiologiques (e.g., températures cutanées, tympaniques et vestimentaires). Treize joueurs de tennis expérimentés ont réalisé 2 sessions de 75 minutes de match, en condition chaude (M = 31,4 °C WBGT) et humide (M = 78 % rH), en portant des tenues blanches puis noires contrebalancées. Les résultats montrent une augmentation de la température tympanique les 30 premières minutes d’effort indépendamment de la couleur ainsi que des températures vestimentaires supérieures avec la tenue noire. De plus, la perception d’effort, les sensations de fatigue et de chaleur, ainsi que l’inconfort des joueurs augmentaient avec la durée d’exercice. Enfin, à partir de 60 minutes de jeu, les joueurs percevaient l’effort comme étant plus difficile, avaient un inconfort supérieur et se sentaient moins bien en tenue noire qu’en tenue blanche. Nous recommandons aux joueurs de tennis de porter des vêtements blancs ou clairs en environnement chaud et humide, car la couleur noire peut impacter négativement les facteurs psychologiques.
Orthopädische Rehabilitation für ältere
Patienten – auch ambulant möglich?
Authors: Müller Marcus , Daiber Susanne , Messingschlager Martin , Brunssen Joscha
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Das Patientenalter als reine Zahl ist kein Maßstab
für die Entscheidung über die Durchführung einer
ambulanten oder stationären orthopädischen bzw. sogar
geriatrischen Rehabilitationsmaßnahme. Ältere Patienten brauchen
mehr noch als jüngere eine gesamtheitliche Betrachtung und Behandlung
unter Berücksichtigung der resultierenden
Funktionseinschränkungen, um die übergeordneten
Rehabilitationsziele Erhalt der Teilhabe am Leben in der Gemeinschaft und
Vermeidung von Pflegebedürftigkeit zu erreichen.

Materialien und Methode Der Artikel soll die Besonderheiten der
orthopädischen Rehabilitation älterer Patienten herausarbeiten
unter dem Aspekt die Maßnahmen ggfalls. auch im ambulanten Setting
durchzuführen ohne Distanzierung der Menschen aus ihrem sozialen Umfeld.
Die Arbeit reflektiert dabei die Praxis einer ambulanten orthopädischen
Rehabilitationseinrichtung und bringt zusätzliche Erkenntnisse durch
Ergebnisse einer früheren Studie, deren Ergebnisse für die
Altersgruppen ab 70 neu ausgewertet wurde.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen Ambulante Rehabilitation wirkt –
auch für ältere Patienten. Den besonderen Anforderungen in der
Behandlung älterer Menschen ist dabei jedoch durch Anpassung der
Rehabilitation Rechnung zu tragen. Patient Reported Outcomes zeigen für
alle Indikationen auch für Patienten älter als 70 und
älter als 80 Jahre signifikant positive Veränderungen im
ambulanten Rehabilitationsverlauf.
Harnessing the Power of C–H Functionalization Chemistry to Accelerate Drug Discovery
Authors: Krska Shane W. , Li Bing , Tyagarajan Sriram , Dykstra Kevin D. , Cernak Tim , Vachal Petr
Published: January 2024

The field of C–H functionalization chemistry has experienced rapid growth in the past twenty years, with increasingly powerful applications in organic synthesis. Recognizing the potential of this emerging field to impact drug discovery, a dedicated effort was established in our laboratories more than ten years ago, with the goal of facilitating the application of C–H functionalization chemistries to active medicinal-chemistry programs. Our approach centered around the strategy of late-stage functionalization (LSF) wherein C–H functionalization chemistry is employed in a systematic and targeted manner to generate high-value analogues from advanced drug leads. To successfully realize this approach, we developed broadly useful LSF chemistry platforms and workflows that increased the success rates of the C–H functionalization chemistries and accelerated access to new derivatives. The LSF strategy, when properly applied, enabled a rapid synthesis of molecules designed to address specific medicinal-chemistry issues. Several case studies are presented, along with descriptions of the group’s platforms and workflows.

1 Introduction

2 Building an LSF Chemistry Toolbox

2.1 C–H Borylation

2.2 Minisci Platforms

2.3 Automated Direct-Metalation Platform

3 Building an LSF Workflow

4 LSF Application Case Studies

4.1 BTK Inhibitor Program

4.2 GPR40 Agonist Program

5 Conclusions