bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combinaciones léxicas y fluidez expresiva
Authors: Greco Simone
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo es, en general, una investigación sobre el código lingüístico y, en particular, pretende ser una investigación que se centra en cómo se tiende a manipular el código lingüístico para hacer cosas con palabras. El foco de interés lingüístico no coincide con los lexemas simples, sino con sus posibles combinaciones sintagmáticas, y no solamente en el ámbito de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas, sino también en el ámbito de la traducción, tanto pedagógica como profesional. Este propósito parte de una óptica que revela como meramente ficticia cualquier correspondencia interlingüística unívoca y que, al mismo tiempo, señala como imprescindible la detección de las redes funcionales que organizan las palabras y sus combinaciones y relacionan los elementos implicados en la construcción del significado. La investigación nace de la suposición de que es fundamental el análisis del vocabulario de las lenguas participantes en la comunicación, si se considera la hipótesis de que la combinación entre palabras es privativa de un determinado código lingüístico, y de que, por tanto, precisamente en esto, los idiomas pueden diferir o coincidir total o parcialmente. Los objetivos finales que se intentará perseguir son dos, a saber: 1) evidenciar cómo la operación interlingüística, tanto en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas como en el de traducción, depende del léxico y sus combinaciones, a fin de garantizar la eficacia del lenguaje en todos los niveles; 2) reflexionar sobre cómo compilar un diccionario bilingüe que resulte novedoso y realmente útil tanto para alumnos como para profesionales.
Estudio y propuesta de traducción de los culturemas en la D. O. P. Montilla-Moriles
Authors: Luque Janodet Francisco
Published: February 2023

Los culturemas han sido objeto de estudio desde hace décadas. Su interés en el sector turístico radica en la importancia que tienen a la hora de presentar una determinada cultura al público extranjero. En el presente trabajo pretendemos presentar brevemente el estado del sector turístico en España y realizar un acercamiento al enoturismo. Asimismo, expondremos y trataremos de trasvasar al francés una serie de culturemas propios de la gastronomía y de la producción de vino existentes en la D.O.P. Montilla-Moriles; si bien algunos de ellos pueden existir en otras regiones vinícolas andaluzas dada su tradición compartida.
Terminología y traducción de textos musicales (alemánespañol): partituras y composición
Authors: Miranda Gálvez Silvia Catalina
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo aborda la terminología músical propia de los compositores alemanes y su traducción al español. Para ello, se parte de la hipótesis que interpretar una composición musical requiere un proceso lingüístico similar al que se lleva a cabo en la interpretación de un idioma. Se muestran evidencias de la relación existente entre lenguaje y música y se realiza una comparación entre ambas disciplinas, en base a las teorías de diferentes lingüístas y terminólogos. Una vez demostrado que la música es un lenguaje, desarollando los principales ámbitos del lenguaje musical con ejemplos gráficos y mostrando la vida y obra de los principales compositores de la historia musical en los países de lengua alemana, se exponen mediante fichas terminológicas los términos musicales alemanes más utilizados en las obras de Gustav Mahler, introduciendo otras obras de compositores coetáneos. Se realiza una traducción al español y se explica la técnica que el intérprete debe de realizar al ver la instrucción del término. Con las entradas de las fichas terminológicas se muestra un glosario en cinco idiomas: español, alemán, inglés, italiano y francés. Finalmente, se establecen las conclusiones finales, que corroboran la hipótesis inicial.
EL TRATAMIENTO DEL MULTILINGÜISMO EN TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL: EL CASO DEL CINE DE ANIMACIÓN INFANTIL Y JUVENIL
Authors: Hurtado Malillos Lorena
Published: February 2023

RESUMENEl presente artículo explora las estrategias de traducción y las combinaciones de lenguas utilizadas en la traducción del fenómeno del multilingüismo en películas de animación infantil y juvenil. Después de algunas reflexiones teóricas generales sobre el cine de animación infantil y juvenil así como sobre el estado de la investigación sobre su traducción, se presenta el análisis descriptivo de un corpus de varias escenas originales con presencia de fenómenos de multilingüismo extraídas de películas de animación, que han sido estrenadas recientemente con éxito. A partir de este análisis, se realiza un estudio comparativo de su traducción a los contextos meta alemán, francés, español, español hispanoamericano y portugués, según el caso, con el objetivo de definir los fenómenos, procedimientos de traducción y adaptaciones lingüísticas más habituales utilizados en el tratamiento del multilingüismo en las películas dirigidas a este sector de edad.Palabras clave: multilingüismo, traducción audiovisual, cine de animación, cine infantil y juvenil, estudios descriptivos de traducción.
Reseñas
Authors: Skopos Editor de
Published: February 2023

Reseñas
Investigation of the Kinetics of Heat and Moisture Exchange during Heat Treatment and Drying of Thin Wet Thermal Insulation Materials
Authors: Ol’shanskii A. I. , Golubev A. N.
Published: February 2023

. The kinetics of drying of thin heat-insulating flat materials has been studied. The approximation of the drying rate curve by various methods is presented. When determining the duration of drying by zonal methods, the equation of the drying rate with the drying coefficient was used. The techniques of processing experimental data by zonal methods of A.V. Lykov, V. V. Krasnikov and by the method of B. S. Sazhin are described. The equation obtained by processing experimental data using the B. S. Sazhin method to determine the duration of the drying process contains only the amount of moisture content of the heating of the material, there is no need to know the critical moisture content. Dependences for calculating the drying coefficient by zonal methods are given. According to the results of the experiment, formulas for determining the duration of heat treatment of thermal insulation materials are presented. The dependence of the relative drying rate on the relative moisture content is presented as well. The processing of experimental data by generalized complex variables creates invariance conditions that allow moving from one variable to another, from one coordinate system to another, which reduces the number of experiments. Formulas with complex variables for determining the duration of drying of materials are given. Based on the drying kinetics equation by A. V. Lykov and the equation for the relative drying rate by G. K. Filonenko, equations are given for determining the density of heat fluxes, the intensity of moisture evaporation and temperature for the period of decreasing drying rate. Solutions of experimental equations are analyzed. The error caused by the processing of experimental data is established. Verification of the reliability of the empirical equations obtained is presented and comparison of the calculated values of the main parameters of the drying kinetics with the experiment is carried out.
Composite Granular Fuel
Authors: Ovchinnikov L. N. , Shpeynova N. S. , Ovchinnikov N. L. , Mitrofanov A. V. , Vasilevich S. V.
Published: February 2023

Currently, the topical trend in the development of energy complexes in a number of countries is the expansion of the solid fuel use, which is largely provided by the use of various types of local renewable fuels. The latter often have high thermal properties (heat of combustion, ash content, etc.), but have low or poorly predicted physical and mechanical characteristics (strength, granulometric composition, etc.). These circumstances practically make stable and efficient operation of automation systems, mechanization of transportation of pellets, and technological processes of boilers impossible. The formation of a composite fuel with specified physical and mechanical properties provides a solution to this problem. The structure of the composite fuel based on peat, sawdust, cellulose and modifier was established at the previous stages of our work. However, in case of a given composition, the physical and mechanical characteristics depend on the operating and technological conditions for obtaining granules. In this paper, a statistical and experimental study was carried out aimed at finding rational technological conditions for granulating and drying composite fuel particles with a given mass ratio of components. To prepare fuel pellets of a given size from the initial fine-fraction components, a laboratory installation was used, the main elements of which were a Z-shaped mixer, a screw granulator, and a fixed bed dryer. The influence of independent variables on the strength and final moisture content of finished pellets of composite fuel was determined within the framework of a full factor experiment. The paper presents graphical images of response surfaces characterizing the specified influence of variable factors. The obtained regression dependences describing the influence of factors on the target properties of granules are linear in nature. The latter limits the possibility of using gradient optimization methods and creates the need to search for rational conditions, taking into account the limitations caused by the technical and economic parameters of obtaining finished fuel pellets.
Thermodynamic Evaluation of Asphalt Concrete Properties and its Mixing Energy Consumption by Exergy Structure
Authors: Zhang Qing , Romaniuk V. N. , Khroustalev B. M. , Hou Qiang , Hou Dehua
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The relevance of solving the problem of energy saving, today, is enhanced by the requirements of an environmental nature, united by the term “green energy”. Solving the problems of climate conservation is inseparable from solving the problem of energy saving.  Green, hydrogen energy, about which there has been a powerful and aggressive debate over the past decade, turned out to be directions far from solving the problems of both energy saving and environmental protection. The solution of both problems of energy saving and environmental protection at the present time and in the foreseeable future is being solved on the basis of the use of traditional primary energy resources, primarily natural gas. In this regard, the need to solve the problem of quantifying the thermodynamic perfection of heat-technological process for producing an asphalt concrete mixture becomes extremely relevant.  This assessment is most simply carried out on the basis of the exergy method of thermodynamic analysis with the determination of the exergy structure of  the asphalt concrete mixture flow, including thermomechanical, concentration and reaction components. The value of the concentration component of the exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture allows us to assess the energy efficiency of its production at asphalt concrete plants based on the modern exergy method of thermodynamic analysis; gives a quantitative estimate of the energy consumption for the process of mixing the ingredients of the asphalt concrete mixture in the mixing unit of asphalt concrete plants.  The paper defines the structure of the exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture, in which the transit reaction component dominates, which determines the specificity of the exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture.  The value of the specific mass concentration component of the exergy of the asphalt concrete mixture in comparison with the thermal component is small and the error in determining the concentration component, which cannot be objectively eliminated, does not affect the results of thermodynamic analysis.
In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of Second-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model
Authors: Edanami Naoki , Takenaka Shoji , Belal Razi Saifullah Ibn , Yoshiba Kunihiko , Takahara Shintaro , Yoshiba Nagako , Ohkura Naoto , Noiri Yuichiro
Published: February 2023

Hydroxyapatite formation on endodontic hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) plays a significant role in sealing the root canal system and elevating the hard-tissue inductivity of the materials. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo apatite-forming ability of 13 second-generation HCSCs using a representative first-generation HCSC (white ProRoot MTA: PR) as a positive control. Thirteen second-generation HCSCs and PR were loaded into polytetrafluoroethylene tubes and implanted in subcutaneous tissue of 4-week-old male Wistar rats. At 28 days after implantation, hydroxyapatite formation on the HCSC implants was assessed with micro-Raman spectroscopy, surface ultrastructural and elemental characterization, and elemental mapping of the material–tissue interface. A Raman band for hydroxyapatite (v1 PO43- band at 960 cm−t) and hydroxyapatite-like calcium-phosphorus-rich spherical precipitates were detected on six second-generation HCSCs and PR. In the elemental mapping, calcium-phosphorus-rich hydroxyapatite-layer-like regions were not observed on the seven HCSCs that showed neither the hydroxyapatite Raman band nor hydroxyapatite-like spherical precipitates. These results indicated that only 6 of the 13 second-generation HCSCs produced a detectable amount of hydroxyapatite in rat subcutaneous tissue within 28 days, similar to PR. The seven second-generation HCSCs that did not exhibit hydroxyapatite formation may not be suitable alternatives to PR due to their weak in vivo apatite-forming ability.
Risk assessment of floor water inrush in a coal seam based on an improved variable-weight mode
Authors: Wu Ya-zun , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Lin Yun , Wu Peng , Liu Yuan , Wang Xue-Qi
Published: February 2023

In solving a coal-seam floor water-inrush risk evaluation, the fixed weight in the traditional constant-weight model cannot clearly reflect the change of the index value of the main control factors and the combined relationship under the sudden change. In this paper, the improved variable-weight model was introduced into the risk assessment of floor water inrush. The variable-weight interval of the state variable-weight function was adjusted into three sections: the penalty interval, no-penalty no-incentive interval, and incentive interval. The variable-weight interval threshold values were determined by the cumulative frequency of the standardized values of each factor. The penalty interval threshold value dj1 was determined with 25% of the cumulative frequency as the limit. The threshold value dj2 of the no-penalty and no-incentive interval was determined by taking 75% of the cumulative frequency as the limit. According to the variation law of water-inrush prediction and evaluation of the coal-seam floor, the zonal state variable-weight vector and the improved variable-weight model were constructed. At the same time, the zonal variable-weight model and the traditional constant-weight model were used to predict and evaluate the water-inrush risk of the #5 coal seam in the Panjiayao mine field (Datong City, Shanxi Province, China). The results showed that the variable-weight model had better prediction and evaluation effects, and it was more in-line with the reality of the situation.
The myo-inositol biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme ISYNA1 suppress the stemness of ovarian cancer
Authors: Yang Lingling , Yang Muyao , Cui Chenxi , Long Xingtao , Li Yunzhe , Lang Tingyuan , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2023

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in tumor formation, invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance and relapse of ovarian cancer (OC). Here we report myo-inositol biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme (ISYNA1), as a suppressor of OC and regulate cancer stem-like properties of ovarian cancer cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database results showed that lower ISYNA1 level was correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) in TCGA and GEO database. In GEO database, cancer tissues expressed lower level of ISYNA1 compared to normal tissues, and negative associated with the stemness markers. ISYNA1 deficiency promoting the growth, migration, invasion, and self-renewal capability of ovarian cancer cells. We also found that silencing ISYNA1 in ovarian cancer cells enhance CSC properties including sphere formation, the expression level of stem cell factors such as SOX2, NANOG and OCT4, as well as the expression of CSC markers CD44 and CD133, besides, the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, CD44+/CD117+expression also be analyzed. In contrast, ectopic overexpression of ISYNA1 suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, decrease the stemness of ovarian cancer cells. In xenograft models, ISYNA1 deficiency significantly increases the tumorgenicity and CSC frequency. In addition, we identified P53 could regulate the expression of ISYNA1, and the myo-inositol addition rescue the stemness increased by ISYNA1 knockdown. In conclusion, these data establish the evidence of ISYNA1 as a suppressor of OC and a regulator of OCSCs, providing insight into potentially targetable pathways for ovarian cancer therapy.
Tissue-specific cells generated to predict xenogeneic immune responses demonstrate that SLA-downregulated kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells are low immunogenic
Authors: Schmalkuche Katharina , Schwinzer Reinhard , Wenzel Nadine , Valdivia Emilio , Petersen Björn , Blasczyk Rainer , Figueiredo Constanca
Published: February 2023

Patients with kidney failure depend on transplantation as the only curative option. Xenotransplantation re-emerged as a promising alternative to enlarge the available organ pool. However, the success of xenotransplantation depends on the design and selection of specific genetic modifications and on the development of robust assays allowing for a precise assessment of tissue-specific immune responses. Nevertheless, cell-based assays are often compromised by the low proliferative capacity of primary cells. Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) play a crucial role in kidney function. Here, we immortalized PTEC (imPTEC) by overexpression of simian virus 40 T large antigen. imPTEC showed typical morphology, phenotype, and functionality, but maintained steady cell cycling rates. Furthermore, SLA class I and class II transcript levels were reduced by up to 85% after transduction with lentiviral vectors encoding for shRNAs targeting β2-microglobulin and the class II transactivator. This contributed to reduce xenogeneic T-cell cytotoxicity (P = 0.0069) and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion such as IL-6 and IFN-γ. This study showed the feasibility to generate highly proliferative renal tubular cells and the development of tissue-specific immunomonitoring assays. Silencing SLA expression on PTEC demonstrated to be an effective strategy to prevent xenogeneic cellular immune responses and may strongly support graft survival after xenotransplantation.
Perioperative remedial antiviral therapy in HBV-related HCC resection: how to get a better outcome
Authors: Mu Fan , Zhao Zhen , Xu Kun , Guo Kun , Shi Jian-hua , Lu Lu , Ma Lei , Lv Yi , Hu Liang-shuo , Wang Bo
Published: February 2023

Background:Although the benefits of antiviral therapy against hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been proven, researchers have not confirmed the different outcomes between patients who had received a period of time (at least 24 weeks) or just received remedial antiviral therapy before radical resection for HBV-related HCC.Methods:A retrospective study of patients who underwent radical resection for HBV-related HCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2016 to June 2019 was conducted. Considering the history of antiviral therapy, patients were divided into remedial antiviral therapy and preoperative antiviral therapy groups.Results:The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant difference in overall survival (P<0.0001) and disease-free survival (P=0.035) between the two groups. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that history of preoperative antiviral treatment was independently related to enhanced survival outcome in OS (HR 0.27; 95% CI= 0.08–0.88, P=0.030).Conclusions:In patients with HBV-related HCC, it is ideal to receive preoperative long-term antiviral therapy which help patients tolerate more extensive hepatectomy, but remedial antiviral therapy reducing preoperative HBV-DNA levels to less than 4 log10 copies DNA/ml can also resulted in enhanced outcomes.
Physiological-Biochemical and Molecular Change in Triticum aestivum L. Exposed to Lead Stress
Authors: Taspinar Mahmut Sinan , Kuloglu Selin Sipahi , Aydin Murat , Agar Guleray
Published: February 2023

Lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous heavy metals that generate environmental pollution because it spreads as metal or compound into the atmosphere and is toxic in all cases. Pb is nondegradable, it can easily enter the food chain and endanger the health of humans and animals. It is unavoidable to investigate the protective mechanisms and toxicity of lead which is very harmful to plant such as genetic, physiological, and biochemical changes. In this study, the negative effects of Pb to the metallothionein (MT) genes expression and also recovery effects of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and salicylic acid (SA) against lead defects were analyzed by the qRT-PCR technique in heavy metal stress-sensitive wheat variety. It has been determined that the MT gene expression changes occur according to the organs and also in recovering applications positively affect these expressions. In addition, research founds confirmed that physiological (relative water content, chlorophyll content, and cell membrane damage) and biochemical changes catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content) have been seen on lead stress condition and also SA, Cu and Zn applications have recovering effects. In the case of stress, SA, Cu, and Zn applications have been revealed to play a role in reducing toxicity by altering MT genes expressions and enzyme activities.
Effectiveness of Face Masks in Preventing COVID-19 Transmission in Real-World Settings: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Crespo Noe C. , Fornasier Joelle M. , Dionicio Patricia , Godino Job G. , Ramers Christian , Elder John
Published: February 2023

Background. Since its emergence, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of mask wearing is important to support guidelines for public health practice and implementation of infection-control strategies. Previous systematically reviews within controlled settings suggest wearing face masks are ‘efficacious’ at preventing COVID-19. However, a comprehensive review of the ‘effectiveness’ of face masks in preventing COVID-19 transmission in real-world settings is needed in order to generalize findings. The present study reviewed literature on the effectiveness of wearing face masks in preventing COVID-19 transmission in real-world settings.
Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, three databases and gray literature sources were searched up until January 2022. Inclusion criteria for studies were: 1) written in or translated into English; 2) assess the SARS-CoV-2 transmission; 3) assess the behavior of mask wearing and 4) study conducted in a non-laboratory-controlled setting (e.g., worksites, schools etc.). All 2,240 search results were reviewed for inclusion. Two reviewers extracted study characteristics. Three reviewers independently assessed quality of evidence and risk of bias using JBI critical appraisal tools.
Results. This review identified 48 unique studies that met the criteria. Most studies investigated the effect of face masks in a healthcare setting (n=21, 43%). The majority (n=44; 91.6%) of studies showed that wearing face masks led to a reduction in transmission or risk of transmission of COVID-19, and the protective effect of masks was increased when combined with other preventive measures. The findings support that face masks may be up to 79% effective in preventing transmission in non-controlled real-life settings.
Conclusions. The results of this systematic review strongly support public health recommendations for wearing a mask to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection in real-world settings. Effective communication efforts are needed to inform the general public of the benefits of wearing face masks to prevent COVID-19.
Green brand awareness, green brand association, green perceived quality, and intention to purchase electric vehicles: The mediating effect of green trust
Authors: Mombeuil Claudel , Diunugala Hemantha Premakumara
Published: February 2023

As part of their effort to curb CO2 emissions, many big players in the automobile industry have adopted a green branding approach through the design and manufacturing of lightweight electric vehicles. Nevertheless, there are limited studies that address consumers’ intention to purchase these types of vehicles from the perspective of green branding. To fill this gap, this paper examines the direct and indirect effects of green brand awareness, green brand associations, and green perceived quality on consumer intention to purchase electric three-wheelers. A total of 400 useful responses were collected through a questionnaire survey and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The results show that all the direct effects were positive and statistically significant. Furthermore, the analysis shows that green trust plays a mediating role in the effects of brand associations and green perceived quality on consumers’ intention to purchase three-wheel electric vehicles from a familiar and trusted brand. Given the potential of electric three-wheelers in curbing CO2 emissions and stakeholders’ skepticism about companies' green branding claims, managers need to give special attention to green trust to better position their green products and stimulate the purchase of these products.
Developing a palmyra palm sacred grove wellness tourism circuit in Tamil Nadu, India involving active stakeholders’ participation
Authors: babu Preethi Hari , Ramasamy Rajesh
Published: February 2023

In Tamil Nadu, palmyra palm is being worshipped by the local community in association with the concepts of tree veneration, sthala vriksham and in connect with tutelary god or local deities (demigods). The related literature has been collected from different key variables on topics such as sacred grove around the globe, myths, taboos and religious beliefs, conservation of sacred grove, importance of palmyra palm, palmyra palm sacred groves, role of wellness tourism circuit and stakeholders’ involvement to sustain and improve the state of sacred grove and local communities. This paper strives to bridge the gap between the concept of palmyra palm sacred grove and misconception of beliefs and practices through detailed Participatory Research Approach. Qualitative data have been collected through unstructured interviews and are analyzed through thematic content analysis tool. The analysis reveals a map portraying potential palmyra palm sacred grove. Subsequently, the study suggests the roles of stakeholders to sustain, conserve and promote palmyra sacred grove as a wellness tourism circuit. Further, the significance of palmyra palm sacred grove, the problems and prospects of promoting palmyra palm sacred grove as a wellness tourism circuit through stakeholder participation are traced to design a framework model.
Development of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease using oral buccal cells
Authors: Paraskevaidi Maria , Karim Salman , Santos Marfran , Lima Kassio , Crean StJohn
Published: February 2023

Background: As general ageing increases, a higher global prevalence of dementia increases in likelihood. Alzheimer’s disease is predicted to triple in cases by 2050, becoming a global concern with heavy impact on socio-economic levels.
Although numerous biomarkers have been explored, their clinical performance, especially in early stages, is limited. Current diagnostic approaches also necessitate the use of invasive procedures or laborious and expensive imaging techniques.
A rapid, low-cost and non-invasive test for the detection of Alzheimer’s disease could be used for the effective identification of individuals that would need referral for further testing. Oral cavity-derived samples, including saliva and buccal mucosal cells, are considered rich sources of biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease since they can reflect peripheral changes and correlate well with the disease state.
Methods: We assessed the potential of attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer’s disease using oral buccal cells.
Findings: After spectroscopic analysis and use of machine learning algorithms, this approach achieved 76% sensitivity and 100% specificity (area under the curve (AUC): 88%) in differentiating patients with Alzheimer’s disease from age-matched healthy controls.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that spectroscopic analysis of buccal cells could detect patients with Alzheimer’s disease with high diagnostic accuracy. Such a test has the potential to provide a non‐invasive, rapid and cost-effective alternative to current CSF and blood sampling procedures. An earlier diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and timely intervention are expected to impact on the disease progression.
Early Shunting Promotes Sustained Improvement of Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Hao , He Jiawei , Dong Yongfei , Zhao Kai , Bao Dejun , Wei Xiangpin , Lei Ting , Wu Kang , Wang Zhanxiang , Niu Chaoshi , Liu Xinfeng
Published: February 2023

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is the only reversible cause of dementia, but many patients fail to receive shunt surgery in time due to underdiagnosis. This study aimed to determine the relationship between surgery timepoint and sustained postoperative improvement in patients with iNPH.
Methods: We divided the patients into the early surgery group (0–3 months) and the late surgery group (> 3 months) according to the duration from the disease onset to surgery. Patients from 3 general hospitals in different provinces of China were included. Primary endpoints included improvements on the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus grading scale (INPHGS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS).
Results: A total of 120 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 62.76 ± 12.27, the mean duration of symptoms was 22.00 ± 37.99 months, the mean INPHGS was 7.15 ± 1.759 (cognitive: 2.71 ± 0.91; gait: 2.47 ± 0.95; urinary: 1.96 ± 0.88), and the mean mRS were 2.45 ± 0.77. In the early surgery group, patients’ symptoms improved continuously from discharge to 1-year follow-up. Regarding mRS improvement, the early surgery group is superior to the late surgery group at postoperative time points and 1-year follow-up (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this multicenter study indicate that early shunting promotes sustained improvement in patients with iNPH.
Relationship between Gut Commensal Bacteria and Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Chang Pengyu , Gu Meichcen , Xu Tiankai , He Liang , Tong Weihua , Li Meng , Li Shuang , Li Ying , Liu Xinliang , Wang Quan
Published: February 2023

Gut commensal bacteria may have a potential in distorting the response of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). To this end, fecal samples of 35 LARC patients were retrospectively collected during nCRT in our center. According to pathological tumor regression grade (TRG) classification system (AJCC 8.0), recruited patients were divided into Sensitive group (TRG 0 ~ 1, n = 12) and Resistant group (TRG 2 ~ 3, n = 23) after radical surgery. Fecal bacterial structures of two groups were compared after bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing. In this study, it was found that fecal bacterial structures of two groups before nCRT were significantly different, presenting a higher abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in feces of Sensitive group, whereas a higher abundance of colorectal cancer-facilitated bacteria in feces of Resistant group. During nCRT, β-diversities of two groups were significantly decreased comparing to their baseline, but bacterial structures of two groups were remodeled differentially, presenting that unlike in Sensitive group, the bacterial structure in Resistant group was continuously evolved as nCRT-dose increased. Intriguingly, it was found that the abundance of Akkermansia.muciniphila, a critical member of probiotics, was positively correlated with tumorigenic bacteria in feces of LARC patients resistant to nCRT, but the bacterial function network analysis revealed that Akkermansia.muciniphila counteracted against tumorigenic bacteria, such as Escherichia and Bacteroides. This highlighted a potential of Akkermansia.muciniphila in improving LARC response to nCRT. Collectively, gut bacterial structure impacts the response of LARC to nCRT. In turn, nCRT will remodel gut bacterial structures among LARC patients, thus enabling their treatment responses to be inconsistent.
The chemokine CXCL7 is correlated with LDH-A and predicts the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Yin , Li Longhai , Jiang Rongyan , Hao Shuli , Cheng Gang
Published: February 2023

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the correlation between CXCL7 expression and glycolysis and to explore the prognostic significance of CXCL7 in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: The expression of CXCL7 and LDH-A was measured by immunohistochemistry in tissues from 158 CRC patients. All patients were divided into high expression and low expression groups based on receiver operating characteristic curves and a cut-off value. Spearman's rank-correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CXCL7 and LDH-A expression. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test were utilized to explore the overall survival (OS) times of CRC patients. A Cox proportional hazard model and nomogram were also used to assess the risk factors related to prognosis.
Results:Higher expression of CXCL7 and LDH-A were detected in CRC tissues and associated with N stage and TNM stage (all P < 0.05). CXCL7 expression was strongly correlated with LDH-A expression in CRC tissues (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.696, P < 0.001). High expression of CXCL7 was validated as an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio: 2.066; 95% CI: 1.223–3.490; P = 0.007).
Conclusion: Increased expression of CXCL7 was positively correlated with LDH-A expression and was an independent risk factor for CRC prognosis.
The potential protective role of peripheral immunophenotypes in Alzheimer’s disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zuo Chun-yan , Hu Zheng-wei , Fan Yu , Hao Xiao-yan , Li Meng-jie , Shi Jing-jing , Guo Meng-nan , Ma Dong-rui , Li Shuang-jie , Liang Yuan-yuan , Zhang Chan , Mao Cheng-yuan , Xu Yu-ming , Shi Changhe
Published: February 2023

Background
Previous studies have shown that peripheral immune dysregulation plays a paramount role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but whether there is a protective causal relationship between peripheral immunophenotypes and AD risk remains ambiguous.
Methods
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using large genome-wide association study (GWAS) genetic data to assess causal effects between peripheral immunophenotypes and AD risk.
Results
This study identified four regulatory T cell (Treg) immunophenotypes—CD25 + + CD45RA- CD4 not regulatory T cell % T cell or CD4 + T cell; Secreting or Activated & secreting CD4 regulatory T cell % CD4 regulatory T cell; monocyte immunophenotype (HLA DR + + monocyte % monocyte); and dendritic cell (DC) subtype (HLA DR on myeloid Dendritic Cell)—that were protective against AD.
Discussion
These findings enhance the comprehension of the protective role of peripheral immunity in AD and provide further support for Treg and monocyte as potential targets for immunotherapy in AD.
Genetic polymorphisms of seven Trichoderma spp strains, their potential as biological control agent and growth promoter in tomato
Authors: Baca Samuel , Jiménez Oswalt R. , González Dorian , Huete-Pérez Jorge A. , Trabanino Rogelio , Avellaneda M. Carolina
Published: February 2023

Currently, many conventional methods for crop management have been insufficient to cope with the effects of climate change on food production such as droughts, heat, soil nutrients deficiency and the occurrence of new pathogen strains. The utilization of biological inputs, such as Trichoderma spp, has proved useful to improve crop production and food safety. However, in Central American countries there is not enough expertise to accelerate, in a practical way, its use in a broader scale. Here, we report for first time the study of a collection of Trichoderma spp strains from Nicaragua and Honduras with the purpose of analyzing their genetic diversity their potential as biological control agent and growth promoter in tomato. Genetic diversity was estimated by sequencing the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. After, bifactorial experiments for testing the potential of two strains (TN1C and TC01) and two structures (conidia and microsclerotia) for controlling a harmful strain of Fusarium solani were conducted, followed by bifactorial experiments, considering the same factors, but analyzing their effects as growth promoter in greenhouse conditions. The DNA sequences amplified from ITS regions (1‒F and 4) indicate that there are two species, T. asperellum and T. harzianum, instead of one, consistent with morphological observations. Bayesian and parsimony modeling clustered Trichoderma strains by species providing novel insights about phylogenetic relationships and nucleotide polymorphisms. The strains TN1C and TC01 showed a reduction in the percentage of damage caused by F. solani. In addition, these strains increase the percentage of seed germination, plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves in tomato seedlings and plants. Root length and volume increased only in seedlings. Microsclerotia had a better performance with respect to conidia on plant growth development. These results strengthen ongoing research projects and incipient biological control programs oriented to benefit tomato farmers.
Elucidation of Furanone as Ergosterol pathway inhibitor in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy Jananishree , Rathore Sudarshan Singh , Mohan Suma , Maheshwari C. Uma , Ramakrishnan Jayapradha
Published: February 2023

In the era of antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of Cryptococcal infection among HIV patients in developed countries has decreased considerably. However, C. neoformans ranks top among the critical priority pathogen that affects a wide range of immunocompromised individuals. The threat of C. neoformans is because of its incredibly multifaceted intracellular survival capabilities. Cell membrane sterols especially ergosterol and enzymes of its biosynthetic pathway are considered fascinating drug targets because of their structural stability. In this study, the ergosterol biosynthetic enzymes were modeled and docked with furanone derivatives. Among the tested ligands Compound 6 has shown a potential interaction with Lanosterol 14 α- demethylase. This best docked protein-ligand complex was taken further to molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, an in vitro study was conducted to quantify the ergosterol in Compound 6 treated cells. Altogether the computational and in vitro study demonstrates that Compound 6 has anticryptococcal activity by targeting the biosynthetic pathway of ergosterol.
A Lightweight Leader Election Algorithm for IoT: Cloud Storage Use Case
Authors: Kara Mostefa , Bounceur Ahcène , Hammoudeh Mohammad , Ngadi Hamza , Laouid Abdelkader
Published: February 2023

IoT devices in a distributed environment that work on shared data still have a necessity for a locking mechanism to safely take turns while updating shared data. However, we no longer have the notion of mutexes when working in a distributed system. That is where distributed locks and leader elections mechanisms come into the picture. In addition to its low power consumption, BROGO (Branch Optima to Global Optimum) Leader Election Algorithm offers a lot of powerful features so it is well suited for the IoT environment. This algorithm decreases energy consumption by 95\% compared with basic techniques. In this paper, we employ BROGO as a use case in the cloud storage domain.
Overcoming the challenges of post-truth in modern socio-cultural communication
Authors: Kovalova Tetiana , YEVTUSHENKO Olena
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Today the Ukrainian system of university training for journalists faced a serious challenge: not only ordinary citizens, but also journalists are not ready to confront total post-truth in the political sphere in modern socio-cultural communication. Accordingly, educators should now look for new ways of training students, who will not repeat the mistakes of current media professionals in a few years.
Methodology. Method of analysis of scientific literature was used to determine the level of theoretical study post-truth phenomenon in the information space. Attention was focused on how critical thinking can help to overcome the post-truth phenomenon. This approach allowed us to summarize the effectiveness of the journalism education responses to the challenges of the post-truth and to understand whether universities in Ukraine are able to provide the media system with quality professional staff.
Results and discussion. Our perception of reality does not arise by itself, but is produced and constructed by those who have power
Conclusions and prospects. The urgent issue seems that the students of Ukrainian universities do not have a clear understanding of truth and its distinguishing criteria.
Journalistic standards in newscasts of 1 + 1 and Ukraine tv channels
Authors: Borsuk Natalia , Onyshchuk Viktoriia
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Violation of journalistic standards in news programs of Ukrainian TV channels remains an urgent problem.
Relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is investigate compliance with the standards in the news programs TSN (Television Service of News) and Today.
Methodology. In this work we used such methods as content analysis (during the study of news releases), comparison, generalization.
Results. Thus, out of 46 analyzed TSN news stories on 1 + 1 TV channel, 17 revealed violations of professional journalistic standards. Most often, TSN violates the standard of reliability. Journalists very often: do not indicate the sources of information of the received facts (instead they say «it is reported that…», «they say…», etc.). In the TSN newscasts reporters often do not adhere to the standard balance of opinions and views. Journalists do not comment on the main participants in the events. The news on the 1 + 1 TV channel usually are covered as simply as possible so that each viewer understands, as well as promptly to maintain the relevance of information. In the program Today of the Ukraine TV channel a total of 40 stories in three newscasts were analyzed. In 19 of them we found noncompliance with professional standards. Journalists and presenters often violate standards of authenticity, separating facts from comments and assessments. The presenter in the studio uses evaluative judgments: «Artem, so what’s there? Without custody, I hope?», «Sensational investigation». In addition, violate the accuracy, completeness and simplicity. However, in each story there was operational information, because very often the news was covered in the form of live coverage.
Conclusions. The results of the work can be used by students and teachers for educational and research purposes and for further research.
Podcasts in the system of Ukrainian Internet-media
Authors: Havryliuk Inna
Published: February 2023

Introduction. More and more Internet-media are joining podcasts. This process is becoming a trend. We need to talk about such media, consider podcasts on their platforms as a product that allows these media to become closer, more understandable to their recipients, to change the traditional approach to media consumption.
Relevance of the study. Research on the development of podcasts in the online media system is relevant because it gives an opportunity to understand how they are represented in the Internet-media, which media produce them most actively, what genres and topics podcasts offer their listeners.
Methodology. The following methods were used in the study: classification – allowed to clearly identify those groups of online media in which podcasts are presented; content analysis – the thematic range of podcasts is clarified; analysis and systematization – made it possible to determine the genre priorities of podcasts in the studied media group.
Results. The list of Internet-media producing podcasts, as well as the podcasts themselves, is quite wide. Almost all online media are direct producers of their podcasts. Podcasts are presented in both traditional online media and media that profess the values of so-called “slow journalism”. And podcasts are more widely represented in the last group. It is noteworthy that podcasts are mostly presented in niche media. The thematic range of podcasts depends on the type of media. The widest thematic layer is presented in online media, designed for a wide audience. Niche publications are focused on specific topics, which depends on their direction. The genre potential of podcasts in online media is narrow. Monologues, dialogues and interviews predominate. Use podcasters, reports, documentaries, essays. They testify to the avant-garde of these media.
Conclusions. Podcasts are becoming popular in the media field, according to our research. Therefore, we consider it promising to consider the development trends of the above format on various media platforms.