bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pragmatic approach to estimating nondiscriminatory non‐tariff trade costs
Authors: Herman Peter R.
Published: February 2022

Methods for estimating nondiscriminatory trade costs exhibit challenges in terms of data requirements or the ability to isolate the effects of specific policies. I propose a two‐stage approach that mitigates these limitations. It uses a structural gravity model to first estimate country‐level measures of aggregate nondiscriminatory trade costs. It then econometrically decomposes the aggregate costs into specific costs associated with policies while controlling for non‐cost factors that erroneously contribute to the aggregate estimates. Using the approach, I estimate specific costs for common non‐tariff measures and find they can represent significant barriers to trade, equivalent to a 0.9% tariff per measure.
Apple MdMYB306‐like inhibits anthocyanin synthesis by directly interacting with MdMYB17 and MdbHLH33
Authors: Wang Shuo , Zhang Zhen , Li Li‐Xian , Wang Hai‐Bo , Zhou Hui , Chen Xue‐Sen , Feng Shou‐Qian
Published: February 2022

Anthocyanin is one of the most important pigments and nutrients in fruits. Genes encoding R2R3‐MYB transcription factors (TFs) are key to anthocyanin regulation. R2R3‐MYB activators have been widely studied in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. However, the mechanism by which R2R3‐MYB repressors negatively regulate anthocyanin synthesis remains poorly understood. In the present study, we characterized a subfamily 1 R2R3‐MYB anthocyanin repressor gene, MYB306‐like, from apple (Malus × domestica) and demonstrated its significance in anthocyanin regulation. The MdMYB306‐like protein activates the expression of an anthocyanin repressor gene, MdMYB17, and inhibits the expression of MdDFR (an anthocyanin structural gene) by directly binding to the corresponding promoters. The MdMYB306‐like protein interacts with MdMYB17 and MdbHLH33 through its N‐terminus. In addition, MdMYB306‐like interacts with MdbHLH33 and MdMYB17 to enhance its regulatory activities on MdMYB17 and MdDFR, respectively. Our results revealed that the MdMYB306‐like protein, in conjunction with MdMYB17 and MdbHLH33, forms a key regulatory module to fine‐tune anthocyanin synthesis in apple.
Overexpression of pea α‐carboxyltransferase in Arabidopsis and camelina increases fatty acid synthesis leading to improved seed oil content
Authors: Wang Minmin , Garneau Matthew G. , Poudel Arati N. , Lamm Daniel , Koo Abraham J. , Bates Philip D. , Thelen Jay J.
Published: February 2022

Heteromeric acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (htACCase) catalyzes the committed step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in most plant plastids. Plant htACCase is comprised of four subunits: α‐ and β‐carboxyltransferase (α‐ and β‐CT), biotin carboxylase, and biotin carboxyl carrier protein. Based on in vivo absolute quantification of htACCase subunits, α‐CT is 3‐ to 10‐fold less abundant than its partner subunit β‐CT in developing Arabidopsis seeds [Wilson and Thelen, J. Proteome Res., 2018, 17 (5)]. To test the hypothesis that low expression of α‐CT limits htACCase activity and flux through fatty acid synthesis in planta, we overexpressed Pisum sativum α‐CT, either with or without its C‐terminal non‐catalytic domain, in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Camelina sativa. First‐generation Arabidopsis seed of 35S::Ps α‐CT (n = 25) and 35S::Ps α‐CTΔ406‐875 (n = 47) were on average 14% higher in oil content (% dry weight) than wild type co‐cultivated in a growth chamber. First‐generation camelina seed showed an average 8% increase compared to co‐cultivated wild type. Biochemical analyses confirmed the accumulation of Ps α‐CT and Ps α‐CTΔ406‐875 protein and higher htACCase activity in overexpression lines during early seed development. Overexpressed Ps α‐CT co‐migrated with native At β‐CT during anion exchange chromatography, indicating co‐association. By successfully increasing seed oil content upon heterologous overexpression of α‐CT, we demonstrate how absolute quantitation of in vivo protein complex stoichiometry can be used to guide rational metabolic engineering.
Arabidopsis mediator subunit 17 connects transcription with DNA repair after UV‐B exposure
Authors: Giustozzi Marisol , Freytes Santiago Nicolás , Jaskolowski Aime , Lichy Micaela , Mateos Julieta , Falcone Ferreyra María Lorena , Rosano Germán L. , Cerdán Pablo , Casati Paula
Published: February 2022

Mediator 17 (MED17) is a subunit of the Mediator complex that regulates transcription initiation in eukaryotic organisms. In yeast and humans, MED17 also participates in DNA repair, physically interacting with proteins of the nucleotide excision DNA repair system, but this function in plants has not been investigated. We studied the role of MED17 in Arabidopsis plants exposed to UV‐B radiation. Our results demonstrate that med17 and OE MED17 plants have altered responses to UV‐B, and that MED17 participates in various aspects of the DNA damage response (DDR). Comparison of the med17 transcriptome with that of wild‐type (WT) plants showed that almost one‐third of transcripts with altered expression in med17 plants were also changed by UV‐B exposure in WT plants. Increased sensitivity to DNA damage after UV‐B in med17 plants could result from the altered regulation of UV‐B responsive transcripts but MED17 also physically interacts with DNA repair proteins, suggesting a direct role of this Mediator subunit during repair. Finally, we show that MED17 is necessary to regulate the DDR activated by ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR), and that programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) overexpression reverts the deficiencies in DDR shown in med17 mutants. Our data demonstrate that MED17 is an important regulator of DDR after UV‐B irradiation in Arabidopsis.
Hematology reference intervals during the prepartum period, first week after calving, and peak lactation in clinically healthy Holstein cows
Authors: Tsiamadis Vangelis , Kougioumtzis Alexandros , Siachos Nektarios , Panousis Nikolaos , Kritsepi‐Konstantinou Maria , Valergakis Georgios E.
Published: February 2022

Dairy cows face precipitous metabolic adaptations during the first postpartum week. Increasing knowledge of their hematologic profiles during this period could benefit both veterinary clinical pathologists and bovine practitioners. The objectives of this study were: (a) to establish period‐specific RIs for Holstein dairy cows and (b) to assess the potential simultaneous effect of several factors on hematology parameters. Blood samples from clinically healthy cows of nine herds were used to establish hematology RIs for these periods. There were 68 cows in the prepartum period (PP), 247 and 218 cows at 2 and 8 days after calving (2 and 8 days in milk [DIM 2 and DIM 8], respectively), and 87 cows in peak lactation (PL). A complete blood count evaluation was performed using the ADVIA 120 analyzer. Linear models estimated the analytes associated with parity. RIs were calculated with Reference Value Advisor. Parity had a significant effect on analytes at all stages. Marked differences were evident between DIM 2 and 8 regarding red blood cell (RBC) counts, hematocrits, hemoglobin concentrations, and white blood cell (WBC), monocyte, and eosinophil counts. Reference intervals of RBC counts, hematocrits, and hemoglobin concentrations at DIM 2 were higher than those at PP and PL. This study provides evidence that period‐specific RIs should be used for Holstein cows when making clinical decisions, especially during the critical first week postpartum.
The effect of beaver dams on organic carbon, nutrients and methyl mercury distribution in impounded waterbodies
Authors: Čiuldienė Dovilė , Vigricas Egidijus , Belova Olgirda , Aleinikovas Marius , Armolaitis Kęstutis
Published: February 2022

The European beaver Castor fiber is well‐known as an ecosystem engineer that greatly affects landscape structure, biodiversity as well as physical and chemical properties of surface water bodies. Beaver ponds alter surface water bodies by raising water elevation, decreasing flow velocity and altering the morphology of streams or drainage ditches, which can reduce the concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and nutrients (N, P). Recent studies indicated that mercury transforms into hazardous and neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in beaver impoundments by biological processes in anaerobic conditions.

However, the knowledge about nutrients and MeHg levels in impounded forest waterbodies is scarce in Lithuania. We aimed to ascertain the alteration in concentrations and stocks of OC, nutrients and MeHg in water and sediments from upstream and downstream, as well as within beaver dams and ponds during the growing seasons of 2016–2018. Results showed higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrients (P and N) in upstream water samples compared to those of downstream from beaver dams. Meanwhile, in sediments mean stocks of OC, P and N were the highest in the middle part of the ponds and in beaver dams. Moreover, the concentrations and stocks of MeHg in sediments were higher in beaver dams than in any other parts of beaver impoundments (upstream, mid‐pond, pond periphery and downstream). We conclude that dam bottom sediments were rich in OC, N and P, and at the same time, contained toxic MeHg. Therefore, beaver dams could act as a trickle filter by improving water quality, in our case, DOC, N and P leaching, from riparian forests and soils, but may also act as hotspots of mercury methylation.
Effectiveness of ventilation tube insertion for conductive hearing loss in children with chronic otitis media with effusion and non-syndromic cleft palate: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Maina Grace , Pollock Danielle , Lockwood Craig , Ooi Eng
Published: February 2022

Objective:

This review will investigate the efficacy of ventilation tube insertion versus non-surgical options in the management of chronic otitis media with effusion in children with non-syndromic cleft palate by assessing the degree of conductive hearing loss.

Introduction:

Chronic otitis media with effusion is common in children with cleft palate due to associated eustachian tube dysfunction. It can lead to impaired hearing and can hinder speech and language development. The main treatment options are drainage of effusion with ventilation tubes, surveillance, or amplification with hearing aids. Each of these approaches has its advantages but there is currently no consensus on the most appropriate management in children with cleft palate.

Inclusion criteria:

Eligible studies will include children (<18 years) with cleft palate not associated with a genetic syndrome, diagnosed with chronic otitis media with effusion, who have undergone insertion of ventilation tubes compared with either surveillance or amplification with hearing aids.

Methods:

A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus will be conducted to find published literature. Gray literature searches will be conducted through the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Two reviewers will screen studies, conduct critical appraisal of eligible studies, assess the methodological quality, and extract the data. Where possible, studies will be pooled in statistical meta-analysis, with heterogeneity of data being assessed using the standard χ2 and I

2
tests.

Systematic review registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42021255861
Liberalizing Immigration Policies for the UK Agricultural Sector in the Post-Brexit Era
Authors: Angioloni Simone , Berrittella Maria , Wu Ziping , Aguiar Angel H.
Published: February 2022

We investigate the effects of immigration policies on the UK agricultural sector under the new post-Brexit deal through a computable general equilibrium framework. We consider bilateral flows of migrants and frictions as part of capital and labor mobility to compare the point-based immigration system to open immigration policies in terms of their impacts on agriculture. We also integrate the GTAP-GMig2 immigration model with the GTAP-AGR agriculture model. Our findings show that liberal immigration policies have positive effects on production, farmers’ income, and overall welfare. The benefits increase if these policies are combined with reduced bureaucracy and lower behind-the-border costs in trade relationships.
Robust Tracking Control for Electrohydraulic System Using an Internal Model-Based Sliding Surface
Authors: Sun Hao , Sun Zongxuan , Li Shihua
Published: March 2022

An electrohydraulic system, which is widely applied in practice, is a highly nonlinear system with uncertainty. In order to improve the control performance, the nonlinearity and uncertainty should be taken into consideration. In this context, a lot of researches have been carried out, and most of them need the derivatives of the tracking error to construct their controllers. However, the accurate values of the derivatives are difficult to be obtained in practice. What's more, without considering the characteristics of the reference signal, the direct applications of these control methods in the periodic motion tracking problem of electrohydraulic systems are difficult to achieve satisfactory control performances. Therefore, a novel internal model principle (IMP)-based sliding mode control (SMC) is proposed in the paper. First, an ideal driving force for the second-order piston motion dynamics is designed based on the IMP with the measurement of piston position. And then, the deviation between the ideal and measured driving force is selected as the sliding mode variable. At last, the SMC is formed to guarantee the actual driving force can converge to the ideal one in finite time. As the main contribution of this paper, the proposed IMP-based SMC does not need the derivatives of the tracking error and can achieve a better performance by eliminating the reference frequency related component in the tracking error. To verify the control performance of the proposed method, a 20 Hz sinusoidal reference tracking scenario is considered, and the finite-time exact differentiator (FTD)-based SMC and the FTD-based high-order SMC (HOSMC) are selected as comparison methods. A group of simulations are performed on an electrohydraulic system used in the controlled trajectory rapid compression and expansion machine (CT-RCEM). The simulation results show that the 20 Hz component in the tracking error is eliminated under the proposed controller, but the 20 Hz error components are still remaining as 2.58 mm and 0.64 mm under the FTD-based SMC and the FTD-based HOSMC, respectively.
A Food First Approach to Carbohydrate Supplementation in Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reynolds Kirsty M. , Clifford Tom , Mears Stephen A. , James Lewis J.
Published: March 2022

This systematic review analyzed whether carbohydrate source (food vs. supplement) influenced performance and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during endurance exercise. Medline, SPORTDiscus, and citations were searched from inception to July 2021. Inclusion criteria were healthy, active males and females aged >18 years, investigating endurance performance, and GI symptoms after ingestion of carbohydrate from a food or supplement, <60 min before or during endurance exercise. The van Rosendale scale was used to determine risk of bias, with seven studies having low risk of bias. A total of 151 participants from 15 studies were included in the review. Three studies provided 0.6–1 g carbohydrate/kg body mass during 5–45 min precycling exercise (duration 60–70 min) while 12 studies provided 24–80 g/hr carbohydrate during exercise (60–330 min). Except one study that suggested a likely harmful effect (magnitude-based inferences) of a bar compared to a gel consumed during exercise on cycling performance, there were no differences in running (n = 1) or cycling (n = 13) performance/capacity between food and supplemental sources. Greater GI symptoms were reported with food compared with supplemental sources. Highly heterogenous study designs for carbohydrate dose and timing, as well as exercise protocol and duration, make it difficult to compare findings between studies. A further limitation results from only one study assessing running performance. Food choices of carbohydrate consumed immediately before and during endurance exercise result in similar exercise performance/capacity responses to supplemental carbohydrate sources, but may slightly increase GI symptoms in some athletes, particularly with exercise >2 hr.
The Effects of Wobbling Mass Components on Joint Dynamics During Running
Authors: Masters Samuel E. , Challis John H.
Published: March 2022

Soft tissue moves relative to the underlying bone during locomotion. Research has shown that soft tissue motion has an effect on aspects of the dynamics of running; however, little is known about the effects of soft tissue motion on the joint kinetics. In the present study, for a single subject, soft tissue motion was modeled using wobbling components in an inverse dynamics analysis to access the effects of the soft tissue on joint kinetics at the knee and hip. The added wobbling components had little effect on the knee joint kinetics, but large effects on the hip joint kinetics. In particular, the hip joint power and net negative and net positive mechanical work at the hip was greatly underestimated when calculated with the model without wobbling components compared with that of the model with wobbling components. For example, for low-frequency wobbling conditions, the magnitude of the peak hip joint moments were 50% greater when computed accounting the wobbling masses compared with a rigid body model, while for high-frequency wobbling conditions, the peaks were within 15%. The present study suggests that soft tissue motion should not be ignored during inverse dynamics analyses of running.
Contribution of Host miRNA-223-3p to SARS-CoV-Induced Lung Inflammatory Pathology
Authors: Morales Lucía , Oliveros Juan Carlos , Enjuanes Luis , Sola Isabel
Published: March 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has emphasized the need to understand the mechanisms of severe lung inflammatory pathology caused by human deadly coronaviruses in order to design new antiviral therapies. Here, we identify miRNA-223-3p as a host miRNA involved in the regulation of lung inflammatory response mediated by envelope (E) protein during SARS-CoV infection. miRNAs downregulate the expression of cellular mRNAs and participate in complex networks of mRNA–miRNA interactions that regulate cellular processes.
Entamoeba histolytica Develops Resistance to Complement Deposition and Lysis after Acquisition of Human Complement-Regulatory Proteins through Trogocytosis
Authors: Miller Hannah W. , Tam Tammie S. Y. , Ralston Katherine S.
Published: March 2022

Entamoeba histolyticais the cause of amoebiasis, a diarrheal disease of global importance. While infection is often asymptomatic, the trophozoite (amoeba) form of this parasite is capable of invading and ulcerating the intestine and can disseminate through the bloodstream to other organs.
A Polysaccharide Biosynthesis Locus in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Important for Biofilm Formation Has Homologs Widely Distributed in Aquatic Bacteria Mainly from
Gammaproteobacteria
Authors: Liu Ming , Nie Hailing , Luo Xuesong , Yang Shanshan , Chen Haozhe , Cai Peng
Published: March 2022

Polysaccharides are the major component of biofilms, which provide survival advantages for bacteria in aquatic environments. The seafood-borne pathogen
V. parahaemolyticus
possesses a functionally uncharacterized polysaccharide biosynthesis locus,
scv
.
First Report of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (
bla
CTX-M1
) and Colistin Resistance Gene
mcr-1
in E. coli of Lineage ST648 from Cockroaches in Tunisia
Authors: Landolsi Sarrah , Selmi Rachid , Hadjadj Linda , Ben Haj Yahia Asma , Ben Romdhane Kaouther , Messadi Lilia , Rolain Jean Marc
Published: March 2022

Multidrug resistance in
Enterobacteriaceae
has become a major concern worldwide that is increasingly observed in human, animals, and also cockroaches. In our study, we found that cockroaches may play an important role as a potential vector of multidrug-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
in the hospital environment and collective catering.
Metagenomic Insights into Chicken Gut Antibiotic Resistomes and Microbiomes
Authors: Yang Jintao , Tong Cuihong , Xiao Danyu , Xie Longfei , Zhao Ruonan , Huo Zhipeng , Tang Ziyun , Hao Jie , Zeng Zhenling , Xiong Wenguang
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in the chicken gut environment poses a serious threat to human health; however, we lack a comprehensive exploration of antibiotic resistomes and microbiomes in the chicken gut environment. The results of this study demonstrate the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and flora in the chicken gut environment and identify a variety of potential hosts carrying antibiotic resistance genes.
Revisiting the Mongolian Gerbil Model for Hepatitis E Virus by Reverse Genetics
Authors: Xu Ling-Dong , Zhang Fei , Chen Chu , Peng Lei , Luo Wen-Ting , Chen Ruiai , Xu Pinglong , Huang Yao-Wei
Published: March 2022

HEV infects >20 million people annually, causing acute viral hepatitis as well as chronic hepatitis, neurological diseases, and pregnancy-associated high mortality, which require therapeutic intervention. The HEV antiviral research is largely limited by the lack of a convenient small animal model.
A Mississippi Valley–type Zn-Pb mineralizing system in South China constrained by in situ U-Pb dating of carbonates and barite and in situ S-Sr-Pb isotopes
Authors: Xiong Suo-Fei , Jiang Shao-Yong , Chen Zuo-Hao , Zhao Jian-Xin , Ma Ying , Zhang Di , Duan Zhen-Peng , Niu Pan-Pan , Xu Yao-Ming
Published: March 2022

The ages of Zn-Pb deposits are exceptionally challenging to determine owing to the lack of suitable mineral chronometers and techniques. Here we present the first result for in situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of carbonates and barite from a Mississippi Valley– type (MVT) Zn-Pb deposit in South China. Hydrothermal dolomite in close textural and paragenetic association with Zn-Pb sulfides, and calcite and barite cement from the breccia ores, yield ages of 473.4 ± 2.7 Ma and 368.7 ± 3.1 Ma, respectively. Together with new in situ S-Pb-Sr isotope values, these data reveal an epigenetic Zn-Pb mineralization history, agreeing well with a model involving basinal brine accumulation and MVT Zn-Pb sulfide precipitation. Because carbonate is a common mineral in Zn-Pb deposits worldwide, and other minerals in such deposits suitable for isotope dating are generally absent, in situ U-Pb dating of gangue carbonates opens a new window for better defining the ore genesis of this globally important Zn-Pb deposit type and for tracking hydrothermal fluid flow in sedimentary basins.
Isolated metastatic melanoma to the pancreas in the context of myeloproliferative neoplasm: a rare occurrence
Authors: Johar Jasper , Stueck Ashley , Yeddala Abhinaya , Kohansal Ali
Published: March 2022

Isolated metastatic melanoma to the pancreas is a rare occurrence, representing less than 1 per cent of metastatic melanoma. This case describes the clinical presentation and course of illness of a patient who was diagnosed with a solitary metastasis to the pancreas 11 months after a clear margin resection of a pT1b, stage IB melanoma. Her melanoma metastasis was diagnosed on Endoscopic Ultrasound-Fine Needle Biopsy (EUS-FNB). This patient was found to have a concurrent myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) at the time of diagnosis. This case importantly highlights the course of a rare finding in isolated metastatic melanoma to the pancreas that may have been accelerated by the patient’s immunocompromised state with concurrent MPN. A high index of suspicion must be raised in patients with abdominal symptoms and melanoma history as the therapeutic window for these patients is quite narrow.
Synchronous metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and marginal B-cell lymphoma presenting as pleural nodules
Authors: Kassirian Shayan , Mitchell Michael Andrew , Dhaliwal Inderdeep
Published: March 2022

In this report, we present a 73 year old woman with synchronous metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and marginal B-cell lymphoma determined on histopathology of a parietal pleural biopsy. This case demonstrates radiological demonstration of pleural disease, procedural investigations and striking histopathology, along with a discussion around synchronous malignancy.
Sex differences in endovascular thrombectomy outcomes in large vessel occlusion: a propensity-matched analysis from the SELECT study
Authors: Fifi Johanna T , Nguyen Thanh N , Song Sarah , Sharrief Anjail , Pujara Deep Kiritbhai , Shaker Faris , Fournier Lauren E , Jones Erica M , Lechtenberg Colleen G , Slavin Sabreena J , Ifejika Nneka L , Diaz Maria V , Martin-Schild Sheryl , Schaafsma Joanna , Tsai Jenny P , Alexandrov Anne W , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I , Sarraj Amrou
Published: March 2022

Background

Sex disparities in acute ischemic stroke outcomes are well reported with IV thrombolysis. Despite several studies, there is still a lack of consensus on whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) outcomes differ between men and women.

Objective

To compare sex differences in EVT outcomes at 90-day follow-up and assess whether progression in functional status from discharge to 90-day follow-up differs between men and women.

Methods

From the Selection for Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke (SELECT) prospective cohort study (2016–2018), adult men and women (≥18 years) with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery M1/M2) treated with EVT up to 24 hours from last known well were matched using propensity scores. Discharge and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were compared between men and women. Furthermore, we evaluated the improvement in mRS scores from discharge to 90 days in men and women using a repeated-measures, mixed-effects regression model.

Results

Of 285 patients, 139 (48.8%) were women. Women were older with median (IQR) age 69 (57–81) years vs 64.5 (56–75), p=0.044, had smaller median perfusion deficits (Tmax >6 s) 109 vs 154 mL (p<0.001), and had better collaterals on CT angiography and CT perfusion but similar ischemic core size (relative cerebral blood flow <30%: 7.6 (0–25.2) vs 11.4 (0–38) mL, p=0.22). In 65 propensity-matched pairs, despite similar discharge functional independence rates (women: 42% vs men: 48%, aOR=0.55, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.69, p=0.30), women exhibited worse 90-day functional independence rates (women: 46% vs men: 60%, aOR=0.41, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.00, p=0.05). The reduction in mRS scores from discharge to 90 days also demonstrated a significantly larger improvement in men (discharge 2.49 and 90 days 1.88, improvement 0.61) than in women (discharge 2.52 and 90 days 2.44, improvement 0.08, p=0.036).

Conclusion

In a propensity-matched cohort from the SELECT study, women had similar discharge outcomes as men following EVT, but the improvement from discharge to 90 days was significantly worse in women, suggesting the influence of post-discharge factors. Further exploration of this phenomenon to identify target interventions is warranted.

Trial registration number

NCT02446587.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Derivo Embolization Device: a novel surface-modified flow diverter for intracranial aneurysm treatment
Authors: Monteiro Andre , Burke Samantha M , Baig Ammad A , Khan Slah , Cappuzzo Justin M , Waqas Muhammad , Dietrich Joseph E , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H
Published: March 2022

Background

Surface-modified flow diverters (FDs) designed to reduce thrombogenicity represent the next frontier for intracranial aneurysm treatment. The Derivo Embolization Device (DED) is a novel FD with titanium oxide and titanium oxynitride finishing of the struts. We performed a systematic review of pertinent literature, aiming to evaluate the device’s effectiveness and safety.

Methods

A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results

Five studies comprising 481 aneurysms were included. These studies were conducted in Turkey, Brazil, Germany, Poland, and Italy; two were prospective and three were retrospective. Twenty-six aneurysms (5.4%) were ruptured. The antiplatelet regimens were heterogeneous, but dual antiplatelet therapy was administered preprocedurally in all studies and maintained for 3–12 months before a switch to single antiplatelet therapy. The rate of periprocedural ischemic and hemorrhagic complications was 4.9% (95% CI 2.9% to 7%). Adjunctive coiling was used in 25.6% (95% CI 11.4% to 39.8%) of aneurysms. The complete angiographic occlusion rate was 81.4% (95% CI 71.3% to 91.5%), mortality rate was 2.1% (95% CI 0.4% to 3.9%), with follow-up ranging from 9 to 18 months. Delayed aneurysm rupture was reported in one patient.

Conclusions

The DED has been increasingly used in other countries. We identified low rates of periprocedural complications and mortality and a high rate of complete occlusion.
Perceived acceptable uncertainty regarding comparability of endovascular treatment alone versus intravenous thrombolysis plus endovascular treatment
Authors: Kaesmacher Johannes , Mujanovic Adnan , Treurniet Kilian , Kappelhof Manon , Meinel Thomas R , Yang Pengfei , Liu Jianmin , Zhang Yongwei , Zi Wenjie , Yang Qingwu , Nogueira Raul G , Kimura Kazumi , Matsumaru Yuji , Suzuki Kentaro , Yan Bernard , Mitchell Peter J , Miao Zhongrong , Roos Yvo B W E M , Majoie Charles B L M , Gralla Jan , Saver Jeffrey L , Fischer Urs
Published: March 2022

Background

Most trials comparing endovascular treatment (EVT) alone versus intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase (IVT) + EVT in directly admitted patients with a stroke are non-inferiority trials. However, the margin based on the level of uncertainty regarding non-inferiority of the experimental treatment that clinicians are willing to accept to incorporate EVT alone into clinical practice remains unknown.

Objective

To characterize what experienced stroke clinicians would consider an acceptable level of uncertainty for hypothetical decisions on whether to administer IVT or not before EVT in patients admitted directly to EVT-capable centers.

Methods

A web-based, structured survey was distributed to a cross-section of 600 academic neurologists/neurointerventionalists. For this purpose, a response framework for a hypothetical trial comparing IVT+EVT (standard of care) with EVT alone (experimental arm) was designed. In this trial, a similar proportion of patients in each arm achieved functional independence at 90 days. Invited physicians were asked at what level of certainty they would feel comfortable skipping IVT in clinical practice, considering these hypothetical trial results.

Results

There were 180 respondents (response rate: 30%) and 165 with complete answers. The median chosen acceptable uncertainty suggesting reasonable comparability between both treatments was an absolute difference in the rate of day 90 functional independence of 3% (mode 5%, IQR 1–5%), with higher chosen margins observed in interventionalists (aOR 2.20, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.67).

Conclusion

Physicians would generally feel comfortable skipping IVT before EVT at different certainty thresholds. Most physicians would treat with EVT alone if randomized trial data suggested that the number of patients achieving functional independence at 90 days was similar between the two groups, and one could be sufficiently sure that no more than 3 out of 100 patients would not achieve functional independence at 90 days due to skipping IVT.
A new benchmark of soft X-ray transition energies of $$\mathrm {Ne}$$, $$\mathrm {CO}_2$$, and $$\mathrm {SF}_6$$: paving a pathway towards ppm accuracy
Authors: Stierhof J. , Kühn S. , Winter M. , Micke P. , Steinbrügge R. , Shah C. , Hell N. , Bissinger M. , Hirsch M. , Ballhausen R. , Lang M. , Gräfe C. , Wipf S. , Cumbee R. , Betancourt-Martinez G. L. , Park S. , Niskanen J. , Chung M. , Porter F. S. , Stöhlker T. , Pfeifer T. , Brown G. V. , Bernitt S. , Hansmann P. , Wilms J. , Crespo López-Urrutia J. R. , Leutenegger M. A.
Published: March 2022

A key requirement for the correct interpretation of high-resolution X-ray spectra is that transition energies are known with high accuracy and precision. We investigate the K-shell features of $$\mathrm {Ne}$$
Ne
, $$\mathrm {CO}_2$$

CO
2

, and $$\mathrm {SF}_6$$

SF
6

gases, by measuring their photo ion-yield spectra at the BESSY II synchrotron facility simultaneously with the 1s–np fluorescence emission of He-like ions produced in the Polar-X EBIT. Accurate ab initio calculations of transitions in these ions provide the basis of the calibration. While the $$\mathrm {CO}_2$$

CO
2

result agrees well with previous measurements, the $$\mathrm {SF}_6$$

SF
6

spectrum appears shifted by $$\sim $$
∼
0.5 eV, about twice the uncertainty of the earlier results. Our result for $$\mathrm {Ne}$$
Ne
shows a large departure from earlier results, but may suffer from larger systematic effects than our other measurements. The molecular spectra agree well with our results of time-dependent density functional theory. We find that the statistical uncertainty allows calibrations in the desired range of 1–10 meV, however, systematic contributions still limit the uncertainty to $${\sim }$$
∼
40–100 meV, mainly due to the temporal stability of the monochromator energy scale. Combining our absolute calibration technique with a relative energy calibration technique such as photoelectron energy spectroscopy will be necessary to realize its full potential of achieving uncertainties as low as 1–10 meV.

Graphical abstract
Extra Connectivity and Structure Connectivity of 2-Dimensional Torus Networks
Authors: Cheng Dongqin
Published: March 2022

The 2-dimensional torus networks, denoted by [Formula: see text], is a special case of the famous [Formula: see text]-dimensional torus network. The extra connectivity, structure connectivity and sub-structure connectivity are generalized connectivity to measure the fault-tolerance of the networks. In this paper, we show the 1-extra connectivity of [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and 2-extra connectivity of [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. We also determine the [Formula: see text]-structure connectivity and [Formula: see text]-substructure connectivity of 2-dimensional torus network [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) when the structure subgraph [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. These results are sharp since the connectivity of [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) is 4.
Effects of aging time on the crystallization/transformation of hydrothermal synthesis alkali-activated fly ash-based zeolite
Authors: Cao Fangcheng , Ouyang Yiping , Huang Zekun , Gong Yuting , Hu Yuebing , He Zhen
Published: March 2022

Zeolites with unique framework structure have wide applications, such as ions’ exchangers, molecular sieves and catalysts. This work focused on the synthesis and characterization of zeolite by recycling coal fly ash as the starting material via hydrothermal method. The intermediate phases and final products were characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR, SEM and BET techniques. The effects of aging time on the crystallization/transformation of zeolite were discussed. The results showed that the alkali-activated coal fly ash after hydrothermal process could lead to the formation of zeolite Na-P1. Furthermore, the aging treatment benefited the formation of homogenous zeolite Na-P1 with smaller particle size, larger specific surface area, total pore volume and pore size.
Microstructure and joint properties of high-nitrogen steel brazed by AgCuNi filler metal
Authors: Wang Xingxing , Li Zhenfeng , Gao Di , Li Shuai , Peng Jin , Zhang Shuye , Yang Xiaohong , Wen GuoDong , Fang Naiwen , Lin Tiesong , He Peng , Long Weimin
Published: March 2022

In this paper, high-nitrogen steel (HNS) was joined by vacuum brazing using an Ag–Cu–Ni filler metal and the effect of brazing temperature and duration time on the evolution of mechanical properties and microstructure of HNS joints were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal brazing temperature was 950[Formula: see text]C and the optimal shear strength was obtained with the value of 212.4 MPa when the brazing temperature was 950[Formula: see text]C with the brazing time of 10 min.
Torus knots obtained by negatively twisting torus knots
Authors: Lee Sangyop , de Paiva Thiago
Published: March 2022

Twisted torus knots are torus knots with some full twists added along some number of adjacent strands. There are infinitely many known examples of twisted torus knots which are actually torus knots. We give eight more infinite families of such twisted torus knots with a single negative twist.
Inelastic soliton interactions for nonlinear directional couplers in optical metamaterials with Kerr nonlinearity modulation stability
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H. I.
Published: March 2022

A directional coupler is made up of two parallel monolayer wave guides filled with high nonlinear optical metamaterial. The model equations of the directional twin-core couplers, which are coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations (CNLSEs), were proposed in the literature. These equations have received the attention of a variety of works. The results found, therein, show mainly dark, bright or singular soliton solutions. The objective of this work is to search for different soliton geometric structures, which show novel patterns. To this issue a novel transformation, with complex amplitude, is introduced. It allows to inspect the waves produced via soliton periodic wave collision. The collision is elastic whenever the waves generated are, everywhere, smooth. Otherwise it is inelastic. Here, the unified method is used to find the traveling wave solutions of the CNLSEs. The solutions obtained are evaluated numerically and they are used to display the amplitude and the real part of the optical field in figures. These figures exhibit super-lattices, zig-zag soliton with rhombus modulation and graded solitons with blow up. These behaviors occur due to inelastic collisions. The contour plots show lattice waves with gap (region of blow up) or without gap. Also, ripples that occur currently in optical cables are observed. Furthermore, it is found that modulation instability (MI) is triggered for positive nonlinear phase shift coefficients or in the case when the coupling coefficients exceed a critical value. As far as MI holds, this leads to traveling waves blow up and gaps.
Nearest Neighbor Optimal Smooth Denoising Dynamic Classification Method for Financial Time Series
Authors: Liu Bing , Zheng Chengli , Cheng Huanhuan
Published: March 2022

In view of the problem of excessive noise in financial time series, this paper proposes a nearest neighbor dynamic time warping classification method for financial time series based on the optimal smooth denoising model (osdDTW2). First, the optimal smooth denoising model is improved, and then the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) method is used to decompose the time series signal. Then, the improved optimal smooth denoising model is used to construct a low-pass filter to do the denoising of the time series. After being denoised, the time series are aligned by dynamic time warping (DTW), Finally, the nearest neighbor method is used for classification. This paper also uses the UCR datasets to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and applies it method to financial time series classification. The experimental results suggest that osdDTW2 ([Formula: see text]) can improve the effectivness of the benchmark algorithm (DTW) to some extent.
Inhomogeneous solutions in f(T,B) gravity
Authors: Nájera Sebastián , Aguilar Aram , Rave-Franco Geovanny A. , Escamilla-Rivera Celia , Sussman Roberto A.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we explore the possibility to find exact solutions for Teleparallel Gravity (TG) of the type of spherically symmetric Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi (LTB) dust models. We apply to the LTB metric the formalism of Teleparallel Gravity in its extension to [Formula: see text] models, which can be seen as the analagous from the Schwarzschild solution in General Relativity. An exact LTB solution is obtained which is compatible with a specific [Formula: see text] model whose observational constraints are cosmologically viable in a standard spatially flat Robertson–Walker geometry.
Synthesis and luminescent properties of Eu3+ organic complex PVA encapsulation film
Authors: Ding Gongsheng , Tang Feng , Ding Zhiqiang , Fang Ling , Peng Zifei
Published: March 2022

A complex with Eu[Formula: see text] as the luminescent center, 2-thiophenecarbonyl trifluoroacetone (TTA) as the first ligand and o-phenanthroline (Phen) as the co-ligand was designed and synthesized. The complex was then dispersed into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form the Eu[Formula: see text]Tb[Formula: see text](TTA)3phen/PVA composite. The structure and reaction processes of the composites were analyzed by FE-SEM and XRD, and the optical properties of Eu[Formula: see text]Tb[Formula: see text](TTA)3phen complexes with different contents were analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy.
PTEN: Sumoylation Function is the Key to the Maintenance of Genomic Stability of Cell
Authors: Ghosh Ginia , Misra Sandip , Karmakar Parimal
Published: March 2022

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a tumor suppressor protein with dual phosphatase activity, is found to be frequently mutated in various cancers. PTEN is post-translationally modulated at various amino acid residues which are crucial for sub-cellular localization as well as its catalytic functions rendering genomic stability. Recent reports suggest that PTEN also acts as a DNA repair protein. But how post-translational modulation of PTEN affects cytological damage and aneuploidy is not studied in detail. Here, we focus on the role of sumoylation of PTEN in context with DNA damage induced cytological damage like micronucleus (MNi), nuclear bud (NB), and nuclear bridge formation. Our data suggest that wild type PTEN but not sumo-dead PTEN significantly reduces cytological damage in PTEN mutant PC3 cells. In case of sumo-dead PTEN, the cytological parameters are increased during 24[Formula: see text]h recovery time point after DNA damage. Next, we measured the effectiveness of the sumo-dead (PTEN-K254R) mutant on aneuploidy, where we found that sumoylation is essential for maintaining chromosome number. As chromosome number variation in daughter cell is due to multiple spindle pole formation, we qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the [Formula: see text] tubulin pole formation in PTEN-K254R clone transfected cells. We found aberrant pole formation is significantly increased in PTEN-K254R transfected cells compared to wild-type PTEN. Further depletion of sumoylation activity of PTEN increases the expression of phosphorylated form of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) (T288) and PLK1 (T210) proteins with or without nocodazole, a microtubule depolymerizing agent compared to cells expressing wild-type PTEN. Thus, sumoylation of PTEN is essential for maintaining genomic stability.
A Miniature Video Stabilization System for Flapping-Wing Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Fu Qiang , Wang Xinqi , Zou Yao , He Wei
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a miniature video stabilization system is designed to deal with the image jitter and motion blur problem for flapping-wing aerial vehicles (FWAVs). First, a light and two-axis pan–tilt (about 13[Formula: see text]g) is built for the FWAV to counteract most of the jitter effect. Then, an electronic image stabilization method combined with a Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMSs) gyroscope is proposed to further stabilize the images. Finally, flight experiment results show that the designed video stabilization system effectively improves the quality of aerial videos.
API 5L X52 Steel Corrosion Inhibition in 3% NaCl Saturated with CO2 By Bis Triazole Carbohydrate
Authors: Espinoza Vazquez Araceli , Mena Alejandro , Rodríguez Francisco , Vergara Arenas Blanca I. , Negrón Silva Guillermo E. , Lomas Romero Leticia , Orozco Cruz Ricardo , Galván Martínez R.
Published: March 2022

The corrosion inhibition of bis triazole carbohydrate in static conditions and laminar flow was tested by means of two techniques, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves. Efficiency results showed that the bis triazole carbohydrate, from low concentrations, is effective in static conditions and 100 rpm with IE = 90 % at 5 ppm. The adsorption process is chemisorption at 0 rpm is a combined process. These results revealed that the bis triazole carbohydrate is a good corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel.
Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency Using Mg / Al Hydrotalcite Impregnated with 2-Mercaptoimidazole on API 5L X70 in HCl 1M
Authors: Espinoza Vazquez Araceli , Docal José Daniel , Rodríguez Francisco , Angeles Beltrán Deyanira , Orozco Cruz Ricardo
Published: March 2022

This work provides an affordable strategy to enhance the corrosion resistance of hydrotalcite with 2-mercaptoimidazole. The corrosion protection of the API 5L X70 steel immersed in HCl 1M is described by mixture of Mg/Al hydrotalcites impregnated with the organic corrosion inhibitor 2-mercaptoimidazole (HT-2-MI). The effect of this mixture concentration on the efficiency of corrosion inhibition was determined using the techniques of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curves. A maximum efficiency of 91% was reached with HT-2MI (20 ppm). Thermodynamic analysis showed that the hydrotalcite+ 2-MI studied followed a physical-chemisorption process in the metal surface.
Hardness and Friction Coefficient Analysis of Electrochemically Anodized Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez Rebeca Cristal , Hernández Torres Julian , Galván Martínez R. , Zamora Peredo Luis , García González Leandro
Published: March 2022

Electrochemical anodization was performed for surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V, using an HCl-based electrolyte. The effect of increasing the electrode spacing of the electrochemical cell by 1, 2, and 2.5 cm on the hardness and COF was investigated. Using a 0.5 M solution of HCl and glycerol in different percentages (85, 90, and 95 %), a voltage of 30 V and a time of 5 minutes. The results revealed the growth of nanotubular structures, which contribute to the increase in hardness, obtaining a maximum of 7.1 GPa for the anodized samples and the reduction of COF to a minimum of 0.5. While the heat-treated samples increased their microhardness up to 10.25 GPa.
Obtaining Hematite Nanoflakes Substrates By Electrochemical Anodization of Iron Foil and Heat Treatment
Authors: Pérez Pérez Leticia Mariana Carmen , Hernández Torres Julian , Zamora Peredo Luis , García González Leandro , García Hipólito Manuel , Falcony Guajardo Ciro , Cardoso Avila Pablo Eduardo , Velázquez Camilo Oscar , Báez Rodríguez Adriana
Published: March 2022

Synthesizing nanostructure’s importance is due to the applications that these materials can offer. Electrochemical anodization is considered an easily accessible technique; variables control allows to obtain diverse morphologies (from nanopores to nanotubes). The main reaction is oxide – reduction, it produces a protective oxide layer to metals and promotes different morphologies. Anodized iron sheets were carried out, with a concentration of 1.2 M of NH4F in a solution of ethylene glycol and water. The anodization time (5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes) was varied to a constant potential of 30 Volts. The substrates were subjected to annealing of 450 °C for 2 hours to obtain the hematite phase, it was observed that the morphology changed to nanoflakes. With Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, phase mixing (hematite and magnetite) was determined. The bandgap of 2.15 eV was determined with diffuse reflectance