bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of aqueous extract of Senna alata on alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Attama SC , David SC , Egunleti PF , Okwelum N , Obetta TU
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect and the state of the liver following injury by alloxan monohydrate and treatment with an aqueous extract of Senna alata (SA) leaf. A total of 24 male Albino Wistar rats assigned into 4 groups (A-D) of 6 rats per group were used in this study. Forty-eight hours following administration of alloxan monohydrate and confirmation of diabetes mellitus in groups B-D rats, group C were treated with SA while group D rats were treated with glibenclamide. Rats in groups A and B received distilled water. The treatments were through oral administration, once daily for 21 consecutive days. On day 21 post-treatment, serum samples were collected for in vivo antioxidants and liver enzyme assays. The liver tissues were also collected for macroscopic examination and histomorphology. The in vitro antioxidant activity of SA was also determined using DPPH photometric model. The SA-treated rats recorded significantly reduced activities of ALT, ALP and total bilirubin values when compared to rats in the diabetic untreated group. There was also a significant increase in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione in SA-treated rats compared to those of the untreated diabetic group. The study also recorded 67.33% in vitro antioxidant activity of SA at 400 μg/ml. Liver photomicrographs of rats treated with the extract were comparable to those of the normal control while diabetic untreated rats showed congestion of the central vein, degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. SA has both in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and protected the liver against damage by alloxan monohydrate.
KLF11 enhances the effect of liraglutide in high glucoseinduced Schwann cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy through inactivation of P38 MAPK
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Jiang Zhifeng , Zhu Chaoyu , Jiang Fusong , Gao Qingge , Li Shouxia , Song Wenjing , Wei Li
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Kruppel-Like Factor 11 (KLF11) on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods: Schwann cells, RSC96, were treated with high glucose to induce DPN. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Expressions of KLF11 and proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy were evaluated by western blot.Results: The KLF11 was downregulated in high glucose-induced RSC96. Cell viability of RSC96 was decreased and apoptosis increased by high glucose. Overexpression of KLF11 restored viability and decreased apoptosis of high glucose-induced RSC96. High glucose-induced an increase in proteins involved in ER stress in RSC96, and but reversed by KLF11 overexpression. Overexpression of KLF11 also attenuated high glucose-induced decrease in LC3 and Beclin1 expression in RSC96 cells. Phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) in high glucose-induced RSC96 decreased upon overexpression of KLF11. Liraglutide treatment increased cell viability and autophagy, decreased cell apoptosis, and inhibited ER stress in high glucose-induced RSC96. Furthermore, KLF11 enhanced the protective activity of liraglutide against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity in Schwann cells.Conclusion: Overexpression of KLF11 exerts a neuroprotective effect against DPN by promotingu autophagy  and inhibiting ER stress via inactivation of p38 signaling, suggesting that KLF11 might be a target for DPN.
Pogostone alleviates angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in H9c2 cells through MAPK and Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Yang Ying , Xie Yuan , Zhao Xinna , Qi Meiyan , Liu Xuebo
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of pogostone on cardiac hypertrophy.Methods: An in vitro model of myocardial hypertrophy was first established by stimulating H9c2 (rat cardiomyocytes) with angiotensin II (Ang II), and the cells treated with or without pogostone. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured by western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was performed for α-actinin while cell surface area was quantified. Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probe and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kit were used to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA levels respectively. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry while Nrf2, p38, ERK, and JNK protein expression levels were determined by western-blot assay.Results: Compared with the control group, ANP and BNP protein expression levels, cell surface area, ROS, MDA, and apoptosis were all elevated in H9c2 cells after stimulation with Ang II (p < 0.001). Varying doses of pogostone decreased protein expressions of ANP and BNP, reduced cell surface area, decreased ROS and MDA levels, and inhibited apoptosis. Pogostone also up-regulated and inhibited the phosphorylation levels of p38 and ERK, and JNK levels in H9c2 cells.Conclusion: Pogostone reduces protein expression of ANP and BNP and up-regulated Nrf2 protein expression in H9c2 cells stimulated with angiotensin II.
Procyanidin A1 improves sepsis-induced liver injury by inhibiting inflammation
Authors: Yao Zhan , Liu Shuna , Zheng Chunmei , Li Qiangwu , Wang Liya
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine the effect of procyanidin A1 (PCA1) on sepsis.Methods: Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) was employed to incubate mouse hepatic cell line AML12. The AML12 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 μg/mL) was used to establish a sepsis cell model. Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay, while cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), IL-6 and TNF-α levels were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions were assessed using western blot assay.Results: The viability of AML12 cells decreased following treatment with IL-1β, but this change was offset by PCA1 treatment (40 or 80 μM). Similarly, cell apoptosis was enhanced after LPS treatment, but this change was attenuated by PCA1 treatment. The AST, ALT, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were all elevated after LPS treatment, but these changes were also reversed by PCA1 treatment, indicating that PCA1 suppressed LPS-induced liver injury and inflammation. Furthermore, the protein levels of p-p65/p65 and p-IκBα increased, and IκBα lowered following LPS treatment, but these effects were reversed by PCA1 treatment, indicating that PCA1 retarded NF-κB pathway.Conclusion: PCA1 alleviates sepsis-induced liver injury by inhibiting inflammation through NF-κB pathway. This suggestes that PCA1 may be an therapeutic agent for the treatment of sepsis.
EC proposed reform of the EU electricity market
Authors: Laprévote François-Charles , Cozzani Camilla
Published: September 2023

On 14 March 2023, the European Commission presented its proposals for reforming the EU’s electricity market design, supporting hedging and market-based price mechanisms to address volatility of wholesale electricity prices. Besides PPA, energy sharing and forward markets, the reform promotes especially the recourse to two-way CfD to allow the generator for a revenue guarantee for the electricity produced but with an upward limitation when market prices are high. The Commission also announced the probable end of inframarginal cap and recommends revaluing the importance of OPEX, in order to encourage further non-fossil flexibility services for renewable integration. Consumers are also at the centre of the reform with the Commission allowing for limited national price setting intervention, mandatory offer of fixed contract and a designated supply of last resort.
REMIT – Market manipulation decisions in Spain and Italy involving coordination of matching orders and wash trades; numerous decisions announced in Romania and Bulgaria
Authors: Ratliff John
Published: September 2023

John Ratliff and his colleagues summarize and comment on recent detailed Spanish and Italian Energy Regulator decisions on market manipulation through giving false or misleading signals (coordination on matched orders, including iceberg bids, and wash trades). The cases include explanations of such practices, the related evidence relied on by the authorities to show the infringements of Article 5 of REMIT, and the defence arguments raised, including ne bis in idem. He also summarizes (with the assistance of Monica Iancu and her colleagues in Bondoc & Asociatii) a press release from the Romanian Energy Regulator, noting the many decisions it had taken between 2019 and 2022, mainly on wash trades, with some on layering and pre-arranged transactions. Some 20 market participants have been sanctioned for infringements on the wholesale electricity market; and four market participants have been sanctioned for infringements on the wholesale natural gas market. Finally, he notes two recent press releases from the Bulgarian Energy Regulator concerning market manipulation cases, one including layering and spoofing, in which seven companies were sanctioned.
Jan Rowiński (1936–2023)
Authors: Zeidler Kamil , Kamień Joanna
Published: September 2023

Professor Jan Rowiński died on 2 January 2023 in Piaseczno (near Warsaw). He was a member of the Academic Council of the Centre of East Asian Studies at the University of Gdańsk and of the scholarly bi-annual journal Gdańsk East Asian Studies.

Jan Rowiński was a professor of the University of Warsaw. As a scholar and a diplomat, he was concerned with China for most of his professional life. He wrote many scholarly articles and books on the politics, culture, and history of China, and his passion for these subjects inspired generations of undergraduates, doctoral students, and colleagues. Inter alia, he owed his knowledge of China and the Chinese to the experience of the many years he spent there first as a student and later as a diplomat.

He was born on 11 May 1936 in Kiełpiny. From 1954 to 1959, he studied at the University of Beijing and at the Institute of Diplomacy in Beijing. From the beginning of his studies in Beijing he devoted his entire professional life to the study of East Asia, especially China. He witnessed the transformations that took place in China, and observed the changes in the structures of power there. China had a considerable influence on his way of life. It is difficult to overestimate his contribution to research into that part of the world.

His professional life ran on two tracks: on one hand, in diplomacy; on the other, in the academic world. As an employee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs he worked in the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Beijing. Between 1995 and 2001, he was counsellor-minister plenipotentiary and deputy ambassador of the Republic of Poland to the People’s Republic of China. From 1969, he was connected with the Polish Institute of International Affairs, where he held several academic posts, and after completing his habilitation in 1987 was appointed professor there. In 2002, he became professor at the Institute of International Relations of the University of Warsaw in the Faculty of Journalism and Political Science, where he worked until 2013. At the University of Warsaw, he conducted classes on the foreign policies of China and Japan, the history and civilization of East Asia, and international relations in the Asia-Pacific region. He supervised the work of many doctoral students and reviewed doctoral and post-doctoral dissertations.

For his achievements, Professor Rowiński was awarded the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta and the Gold Cross of Merit.
A critical evaluation of the context and history of the Methodist Church of Southern Africa’s “One and Undivided Church” statement
Authors: Mujinga Martin , Mokhutso Jacob
Published: September 2023

The statement “one undivided church” has always been at the centre of theology since New Testament times. Jesus in his greatest prayer in (John 17) appealed to God that his followers may be one, as he and God are one. For Jesus, oneness was proof that he was sent by God. In the history of Methodism, John Wesley, as late as a month before he died in 1791, wrote to Ezekiel Cooper in Philadelphia saying, “lose no opportunity of declaring to all people that the Methodists are one in all the world and that it is their full determination so to continue” (Wesley, 1997:260). Furthermore, the oneness theme was underscored by the World Methodist Council as their theme and logo for the 2016 Conference. The theme was used both to reflect the Council’s goal of being a body that unites the eighty member-churches and also to recall John Wesley’s quote. In 1958, the Methodist Church of Southern African (MCSA) Conference, added “and” to the statement and proposed the statement that the MCSA is a “one and undivided church”. Using the examples of Jesus, John Wesley and the World Methodist Council, this paper interrogates the MCSA’s 1958 statement to find out to what extent the MCSA is in fact one and undivided. The paper will conclude by proposing a novel theological
approach that MCSA can consider, for it to be one truly undivided church. The article uses desktop methodology and reviewed credible and relevant academic literature available on the topic under study.
The specifics of digitalization of traditional religions in modern Kazakhstan
Authors: Serik Nyazbekov , Tatyana Lifanova , Maya Tasybekova , Kazmukhanov Rinat , Byerdimurat Dauirjan
Published: September 2023

The article discusses possible ways and prospects for the use of digitalization in the field of religion. The purpose of the study is to provide an overview of the digital content of traditional religions in the context of the expansion of digitalization processes as an integral component of the development of modern Kazakhstani society. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the theory of alienation and social ediatization of religion. The authors note that information technologies in religious practices contribute to the restructuring of religious life in accordance with the changing social and cultural circumstances of the modern world. There is a radical transformation of traditional models of social relations and management, an integral artificial world is being formed, created by modern information technologies, ranging from
augmented reality to virtual reality, and operating in real time. The article summarizes information about the features of the development of digital content of traditional religions, including official websites, representation in social networks, the development of specialized applications, etc. The methodology employed in this study encompasses a multi-faceted approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative analysis involves the examination of digital religious content, including textual, visual, and interactive elements, to discern trends, symbolism, and the impact on religious practices. Quantitative analysis encompasses data collection through surveys and analytics of online engagement with religious platforms and applications.
Dropout Cause of Elementary School Children in West Java, Indonesia: A Descriptive Study from The Academic-Economic Perspective, and Its Relation to The Pandemic
Authors: Permatasari Hana Riana
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aims to identify the dropout cause of elementary school children in West Java, Indonesia, especially from the academic and economic perspective. Method: The method used is a descriptive study by distributing an online questionnaire on the relation of schools having dropout children in elementary and junior high school in West Java, Indonesia. Results: The study results show that the reasons for dropouts are the pandemic condition, the environment, laziness, and there is no budget for the school. Most children who dropped out of school during the pandemic stated that learning was not fun, most children desire to return to school, and most dropout children are girls. Most of the dropout families are in the lower middle-class economy. Novelty: The study explained the dropout cause of elementary school in West Indonesia using primary data, which contained the academic and economic factors and their relation to the pandemic that the other previous studies have not revealed.
Academic Resilience and Religiosity Among College Students Facing Post-Pandemic Learning
Authors: Ali Nuraliah , Umar Mardan , Mopoliu Abdul Ziqron
Published: September 2023

Objective: The shock of rapid shifts in academic activity patterns affects students' mental health and academic progress. Resilience and religiosity in dealing with adversity are vital to surviving the post-pandemic transitional period. Method: This research is qualitative-quantitative descriptive with a combination of concurrent embedded methods, and the primary method is qualitative. Three hundred forty-one samples from 18,537 populations were taken using a simple random sampling technique with an error rate of 1.00% x 5.00%. Data was collected through an electronic questionnaire (G-Form). The instruments used were ARS-30 Cassidy and 4-BDRS Saroglou.  Results: The results showed that students' academic resilience and religiosity were positive, with very high, high, and moderate scores and none in the low or shallow range. In all the religions studied resilient students are also religious. This shows that persistent children can describe events, adapt, and avoid negative emotional responses; they also have trust, determination, and faith in God. The implication is that when students face problems, risks, and academic difficulties in face-to-face learning during the post-pandemic transition period, they show the ability not to give up easily; they believe that God will help them through challenges and difficulties. Novelty: The novelty of the research is that good academic resilience and religiosity positively impact student’s academic activities.
Implications of Japan’s Strategy to Overcome Low Birthrate for Korea: Focusing on Case Studies in Nagi-cho, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
Authors:   The Korean-Japanese Economics & Management Association, Kim Kwang-Hee
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Korea has the lowest birth rate in the world. We need to find measures to overcome the low birth rate.
This is a key issue that will determine Korea’s survival. In this study, we would like to find measures to solve the low
birth rate problem in Korea.
Research design, data, and methodology: This study aims to understand in detail the various childbirth policies,
strategies, and peculiarities that have been promoted, focusing on the cases of overcoming low birth rates in
Nagi-cho, Japan. In addition, the substance cannot be grasped only through the contents introduced at home and
abroad. We would also like to discuss the hidden truth of Nagi-cho. Hopefully, I hope that this study will be a useful
hint in solving the low birth rate problem.
Results: Now, Korean society is suffering from internal threats of low birth rates, not external threats. Just worrying
doesn’t change the situation. Nevertheless, someone is responsible for identifying and predicting the nature of the
problem from an objective perspective and raising an alarm in Korean society. Accordingly, the conclusion presented
eight response strategies to overcome Korea’s low birth rate problem. Typically, the total fertility rate of 0.78 in 2022
is due to the fact that more than one child was not born between couples. In other words, the reason why the
current number of births and fertility rates do not rise is not that they do not give birth to a second child, but that
caused by not having a single child. Couples who give birth to their first child have a high probability of giving birth
to their second child, but it is impossible to give birth to their second and third children unless their first child is
born. It is the right childbirth policy to actively support couples who have given birth to a second child.
Implications: We expect the sum of the partial optimizations to be equal to the sum of the total optimization, and
this is what we are looking for in the implications 'best answer'. However, at the macro level of a country’s fertility
rate, it is not easy to achieve the total optimum through partial optimization.
Green Building Materials for Circular Economy - Geopolymer Foams
Authors: Kinga Korniejenko  , Kinga Pławecka  , Patrycja Bazan  , Beata Figiela  , Barbara Kozub  , Katarzyna Mróz  , Michał Łach
Published: September 2023

This study aims to design and investigate foamed geopolymers as a green material dedicated to the circular economy. For synthesis as raw material, the main waste materials of two Polish coal mines, Wieczorek and Staszic, are applied. Additionally, various foaming methods are employed to utilize the by-product of energy production, especially the fly ash generated by the Skawina power plant. In this study, the main issues addressed are related to the selection of the most appropriate foaming agent and the optimization of the process parameters, including temperature, time, and mixture components. Hydrogen peroxide, aluminum powder, and a commercial foaming agent are selected as foaming agents in this research. During the process of sample preparation, stabilizers are applied in the form of polyglycol and cellulose. Through the conducted test, the results show that hydrogen peroxide and aluminum powder emerged as the two most optimal foaming agents.
Emissions and Environmental Surveys With Faith Actors: A Pilot Project With the Episcopal Church in the Philippines
Authors: Salter Jodie , Pulhin Florencia , Wilkinson Olivia , Yan Chendan
Published: September 2023

Developing a survey to measure GHG emissions can empower faith actors to respond practically to environmental issues and climate change specifically and can provide evidence on faith actors’ role in climate action. This working paper presents the results of a pilot emissions survey with the Episcopal Church in the Philippines and also offers a guide for other faith actors that wish to adapt and implement the survey tool to measure their emissions.
Self-Education for Elementary School Orphanage Children
Authors: Herawati Siti , Rahman Imas Kania , Supraha Wido
Published: September 2023

Independence is the ability to direct and control one's feelings in thinking and acting, being responsible, having self-confidence, and discipline. Being able to control feelings includes the child's self-control and the child's conscience when performing independent behavior. Independence in children is realized if they use their minds in making various decisions, from choosing the learning equipment they want to use, and choosing playmates, to more complicated things. Similar roles and positions through the government and private institutions, one of which is LKSA (child social welfare institution) which was developed as a professional service institution and became the choice to provide child welfare services, that is one way to keep children in good care by accommodating children. The children are in an orphanage, to help improve the welfare of children by educating, caring for, guiding, directing, and providing skills as parents in a family should do to develop children's independence.
Membangun Mental Kewirausahaan Santri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kasyaf Bandung
Authors: Hasim Ade , Syafri Ulil Amri , Al-Kattani Abdul Hayyie
Published: September 2023

Islamic boarding schools in the last few decades have given birth to several innovations in improving the quality of human resources that are able to respond to the challenges and needs of the times in terms of social, industrial and technological transformation. Several changes occurred in the pesantren curriculum. Changes in the pesantren curriculum are not limited to religious studies, but are currently in the form of pesantren entrepreneurship and agribusiness curricula. Islamic boarding schools have taught entrepreneurship and expertise in the field of agribusiness to improve the mentality and independence of students. One of them is at the Al-Kasyaf Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. Students are directed to become Muslim entrepreneurs from an early age. They are taught how to make good and quality products, they are also trained and taught in product design, good promotion and how to sell through online stores. Al-Kasyaf Islamic Boarding School even has several business units and independent products, including: Al-Kasyaf Tempe, Santri soap (Sasan), hand washing soap, salt and processed food and vegetable products.
Pengaruh Sikap, Norma Subjektif dan Persepsi Kontrol Perilaku terhadap Intensi Mahasiswa FEBI UINSU Menggunakan Linkaja Syariah
Authors: Ramadhani Regina Melina , Imsar Imsar , Tambunan Khairina
Published: September 2023

Currently, the choice of digital wallets based on sharia principles in Indonesia is still very limited. Linkaja Syariah is a digital wallet that has obtained sharia compliance from MUI. This study aims to see the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavior control on intentions using Linkaja Syariah. This type of research is done using descriptive quantitative methods. Students from the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business at UIN North Sumatra for the academic year 2021–2022 served as the study's sample population and 98 respondents were given questionnaires to complete in order to obtain the data. With the aid of IBM SPSS version 20, a multiple linear regression analysis method was used for this investigation. The results of this study indicate that partially attitudes significantly affect the intention to use Linkaja Syariah. Subjective norms partially did not significantly affect the intention to use Linkaja Syariah. Perception of behavior control significantly affects the intention to use Linkaja Syariah. The intention to use Linkaja Syariah is significantly influenced by attitude factors, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavior control at the same time.
Family Economic Resilience: An Overview of Islamic Economics Stance
Authors: Munir Misbahul , Kusumah Echo Perdana
Published: September 2023

Economic resilience is very important in order to maintain survival, both at the nation-state level at the macro level, as well as at the group and individual levels at the micro level. At the group level, there is an important discussion regarding this economic resilience, namely family economic resilience. If you want to study it further, there are many things that can be discussed about family economic resilience. The purpose of writing this paper is to discuss family economic resilience in an Islamic economic perspective. The method used is to use a descriptive qualitative approach. Family economic resilience when viewed from an Islamic perspective is by realizing Islamic economic values as the principles that exist in masashid sharia.
Kearifan Lokal Permainan Jamuran sebagai Penguatan Karakter Siswa melalui Layanan Bimbingan Konseling
Authors: Syofiyanti Dessy , Marjuk Yolan
Published: September 2023

The development of technology affects the games played by students through gadgets. Many interesting games can have a negative impact, such as the lack of socialization of students with their friends, emotional disturbances, behavior, and others. This study aims to instill character education through traditional “mushroom games” with a Counseling Guidance approach at Pertiwi Rengat Kindergarten. This research is qualitative research with Miles and Huberman model analysis techniques. The results showed that students' behavior changed, such as throwing garbage in its place, greeting each other, and shaking hands with teachers and other people (guests at school) when meeting face-to-face. In addition, observations showed that the students looked happy when doing activities together. Thus, traditional mushroom games with a group guidance approach can be used to instill students’ character to be even better.
Peran Pendidikan Islam dalam Pembentukan Karakter Religius Peserta Didik melalui Pendidikan Islam Berbasis Kisah-Kisah dalam Al-Quran di Era Disrupsi
Authors: Husin Amir , Asmarika Asmarika , Fitri Yona , Syukri Syukri , Siregar Isropil
Published: September 2023

Islamic education plays a particularly important role in shaping the character of the nation's children, especially religious character, honest, likes to read, responsible, independent, respects achievement, social care, hard work and others. All of these characters cannot be separated from the orientation of Islamic education. Because Islam always prioritizes safety education in the world and the hereafter. In this study, the method used is a qualitative method with a qualitative-phenomenological approach. The subjects of this study were school principals, teachers, and students at SDIT Imam Asy-Syafii Pekanbaru. The findings in the field related to the role of Islamic Education in the formation of the religious character of students through Islamic education based on stories in the Koran, there are two findings, (1) through intra-curricular education, namely when the teaching and learning process takes place in the classroom. (2) through extracurricular education which is conducted half an hour before the teaching and learning process is carried out.
Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning di MIN 9 Banda Aceh
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Jarmita Nida , Lubis Silvia Sandi Wisuda , Nelliraharti Nelliraharti
Published: September 2023

In the Mathematics curriculum, the subject of circles is considered one of the challenging topics for students. Many students struggle with the application in daily life. One effort to address this is by implementing the Problem-Based Learning model in learning process. The aim of this study is to determine the learning outcomes of students through the Problem-Based Learning model, specifically in the subject of circles. This type of research is experimental. The learning outcome obtained through the Problem-Based Learning model wascompared to the mathematics KKM (Minimum Graduation Standard) score in the school, which was 80. The population in this research was all sixth-grade students of MIN 9 Banda Aceh, and the sample was 25 sixth-grade students randomly selected. The instrument used in this research was a test. Based on the evaluation results at the last meeting, the average student score was 87,1 with a standard deviation of 8,30. In the hypothesis testing, a right-sided t-test was used, with a significant level of α = 0,05. The calculation results showed that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model in the circle subjectin the sixth grade of MIN 9 Banda Aceh exceeds the KKM.
MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND ECOLOGY OF NAVICULA PHYLLEPTA (BACILLARIOPHYTA)
Authors: Genkal S. , Gabyshev V.
Published: September 2023

This scanning electron microscopical study of algae from lakes in the in vicinity of the Ust-Lena Reserve made it possible to obtain new information on the morphology of a number of representatives of the genus Navicula: N. phyllepta and N. phylleptosoma. A wider variability of the main quantitative (valve length and width, the number of striae and areolae in 10 µm) and qualitative (structure of the raphe) diagnostic features as well as the conspecificity of the two species were shown. It is proposed to reduce N. phylleptosoma to synonymy of N. phyllepta and extend the diagnosis of the latter.
ENHANCING DATA PRIVACY IN GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF OPTIMAL CERTIFICATELESS SCHEMES
Authors:   Business Computing Department, School of Computing and Information Sciences,C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences,Navrongo,Ghana, Armah Gabriel Kofi , Ofosu Hayford Ntiamoah ,   Computer Science Department, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Aveyom Valentine ,   Department of Computer Science, Schoolof Computing and Information Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
Published: September 2023

The rapid expansion in Technology has transformed our everyday objects into interconnected entities, globally changing connectivity through the Internet and reshaping human interactions with their surroundings. This paradigm shift has occasioned the need for various networked infrastructures to facilitate and improve innovative services as well as enhance the flexibility and efficiency in this human- environment interactivity. However, this digitalization drive has also brought forth a range of security concerns that cannot be neglected. This paper emphasizes on the role of certificateless systems in addressing security challenges posed by the digital realm on government organizations based on four fundamental security measures. These measures include confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. The paper aimed at safeguarding data from unauthorized access, ensuring data integrity during transit, validating user identity and providing data integrity. To enhance these security aspects, the study advocates the adoption of certificateless encryption techniques to uphold data confidentiality and employs digital signature techniques to guarantee integrity, accuracy, and non-repudiation. And the assurance that the sender of information is provided with proof of delivery and the recipient is provided with proof of the sender's identity. The study’s main achievement a comparative analysis of four certificateless schemes to ensure data privacy from malicious attacks, Implementation of the best scheme using an elliptic curve digital signature and data-at-rest encryption. This ensured secure data privacy in transit and at retention to enhance confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity.
The Effect of Coconut Water on Decreasing MDA and IL-6 Levels in Male Wistar Rats Induced with High-Fat Diet
Authors:   Postgraduate student of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Jl Kaligawe KM 4 Semarang 50012, Kusumaningrat Shaktana
Published: September 2023

Dyslipidemia is a condition in which there are abnormal levels of lipids in the blood, including increased levels of cholesterol, LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), and triglyceride levels, as well as decreased HDL levels (High-Density Lipoprotein) which causes oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results in tissue damage which triggers an inflammatory reaction that releases proinflammatory cytokines such asInterleukin-6 (IL-6) which increases in blood endothelial cells and triggers Malondialdehyde (MDA) which increases as a result presence of lipid oxidation in tissues. This condition can be neutralized by consuming antioxidants from outside the body such as young coconut water. This research aims to know the effect of giving young coconut water on the rate of MDA and IL-6 in male Wistar rats who are given a high-fat diet. The research method is a posttest-only control group design. The subjects of the study were 24 male Wistar rats which were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group K1 was given standard feed and distilled water. Group K2 was given a high-fat diet without coconut water. Groups K3 and K4 were given a highfat diet and young coconut water at doses of 4mL/200gBW/day and 8mL/200gBW/day, respectively. The study was conducted for 29 days by taking blood to check MDA levels using the TBARS and IL-6 methods using the ELISA method. The lowest average of MDA level was in the K3 group (0.071 ng/L) and the lowest average of IL-6 level was in the K4 group (4.377 ppm). Kruskal Wallis test result showed the p-value of MDA was 0.004 ppm and at IL-6 levels was 0.020 ng/L. Differences in MDA levels between groups K1-K2 (0.004), K2-K3 (0.004), and -K4 (0.004). Differences in IL-6 levels between groups K2-K3 (0.016), K2-K4 (0.004). The administration of coconut water can significantly reduce the levels of MDA and IL-6 in male Wistar rats induced with a high-fat diet.
Community Knowledge in Utilizing Herbal Plants for Overcoming Dental Pain
Authors:   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta, Oktanauli Poetry , Taher Pinka ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta, Herawati Margaretha ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta, Patricia Zikir Azyyati ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta, Widyastuti Ratih ,   Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta, Triani Rini ,   Department of Paedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) University, Jakarta
Published: September 2023

Background: Dental pain can be treated with analgesic medication. Patients who visit the dentist are generally prescribed analgesic drugs. Therefore, analgesics become therapy when patients experience pain. However, herbal plants are currently also widely used by the community to treat dental pain. This is because herbal plants have proven to be quite effective in treating various diseases. Purpose: To know how the level of knowledge of the community in utilizing herbal plants to treat dental pain. Methods: This type of research is descriptive with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted from August to September 2022. The study population was the community in South Tangerang who filled out the questionnaire. Determination of the number of subjects is determined by the total sample, with snowball method. Conclusion: This research reveals that not all community are aware of the various types of herbal plants that can be used to treat dental pain.
Implementation of the Principle of Balance in Partnership Agreements Made Unilaterally (Case Study on the Concession and use of Sppbe Agreement Between Pt Pertamina (Persero) and Pt Rejeki Berkah Empat Putra)
Authors:   Diponegoro University. Jl. Imam Bardjo, S.H. No. 1-3 Pleburan, Semarang City, Indonesia, Izdihar Athifa Nabila , Yunanto Yunanto ,   Diponegoro University. Jl. Imam Bardjo, S.H. No. 1-3 Pleburan, Semarang City, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

The emergence of various standard agreements in today's society is a serious question regarding implementing the principle of balance in these standard agreements. Such as the partnership agreement regarding the exploitation and use of SPPBE between PT Pertamina (Persero) and PT Rejeki Berkah Empat Putra (PT. RBEP), where the agreement was made unilaterally and needed to be analyzed regarding the implementation of the principle of balance. This legal journal aims to determine whether the principle of balance has been accommodated in the agreement on the exploitation and use of the SPPBE and legal protection for parties who only have to sign the partnership agreement made unilaterally. The implementation of the principle of balance in the agreement on the exploitation and use of SPPBE between PT Pertamina (Persero) and PT RBEP has not been fully accommodated because the agreement contains illogical provisions regarding the rights and obligations imposed on PT RBEP as the second party. The agreement contains an exoneration clause that is burdensome for one of the parties, namely the existence of provisions on rights and obligations that need to be revised, and the implementation of the agreement is also illogical because it does not fulfill the principle of objective good faith. Legal protection for parties who only have to sign the partnership agreement made unilaterally is based on the principle of good faith. So, the form of legal protection is to set aside the agreement's contents in the form of cancellation of the agreement in which PT RBEP can file it with the court.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Society
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, UCSSH, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Salvi Ms. Reena , Singh Dr. Rashmi ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, UCSSH, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur
Published: September 2023

The present paper is a reviewed paper that aims to study the impact of artificial intelligence on human society. Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence by software-coded heuristics in machines. There have been many researches which have studied that there is the impact of artificial intelligence on human society. It was found that artificial intelligence does influence human society and contributes to every field. In the health industry, many surgeries are performed under AI robots, and many tests are being conducted, for mental health and also for different counseling purposes chatbots are being used. Many AI technologies are used in factories, service sectors, and transportation to reduce human errors and boost the economy. However, on the other hand, there is a higher chance of Al’s infringement on human rights, and it is the biggest concern of many intellectuals. Artificial Consciousness is also a debatable subject that can AI replicate human consciousness which is the result of a long evolutionary process? We can conclude that artificial intelligence is indeed the future of humanity, it can turn the highest possible timeline and also can catapult us into the worst timeline. It depends on people how they would use it.
Aptitud Física y Bullying en el Aula de Educación Física (Physical Fitness and Bullying in Physical Education Classroom)
Authors: Galán-Arroyo Carmen , Mayordomo-Pinilla Noelia , Castillo-Paredes Antonio , Rojo-Ramos Jorge
Published: September 2023

El índice de sedentarismo y de inactividad física ha ido aumentando en los últimos años, lo que supone un riesgo para la salud de toda la población ya que la condición física, predictor de mortalidad, ha empeorado. Por otro lado, los índices de acoso escolar han seguido mostrando una tendencia ascendente, representando un problema de interés social, ya que la salud mental de quienes lo padecen se resiente. La ciencia ha identificado la actividad física como un regulador del comportamiento. Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar perfiles que sufren o ejercen este acoso, explorando las diferencias entre sexos, ubicación escolar y etapa educativa, y la correlación entre la aptitud física autopercibida y las dimensiones del acoso. Se utilizó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para determinar las características de los datos, la prueba de Mann Whitney-U para explorar las diferencias entre variables y la prueba de Spearman para las correlaciones entre la FP VAS A y el EBIPQ. Se encontraron correlaciones inversas entre la dimensión víctima y las dimensiones de la FP VAS A, con mayor incidencia en niñas de secundaria y entornos urbanos.
Palabras clave: salud física; acoso; actividad física; escuela; adolescencia
Abstract. The rate of sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity has been increasing in recent years, posing a risk to the health of the entire population since physical fitness, a predictor of mortality, has worsened. On the other hand, bullying rates in schools have continued to show an upward trend, representing a problem of social interest, since the mental health of those who suffer from it suffers. Science has identified physical activity as a regulator of behavior. This article aims to identify profiles that suffer or exercise this bullying, by exploring the differences between sexes, school location and educational stage, and the correlation between self-perceived physical fitness and bullying dimensions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine the characteristics of the data, the Mann Whitney-U test was used to explore the differences between variables, and Spearman's test was used for the correlations between the FP VAS A and EBIPQ. Inverse correlations were found between the victim dimension and the dimensions of the FP VAS A, with a higher incidence in high school girls and urban settings.
Keywords: fitness health; harassment; physical activity; school; adolescence
Self-Confidence Conceptual Model Development in Volleyball Learning Courses
Authors: Astuti Yuni , Zulbahri Zulbahri , Lawanis Haripah , Erianti Erianti , Damrah Damrah
Published: September 2023

The research was motivated by the problem of students in the Physical Education, Health and Recreation Study Program not exhibiting optimal self-confidence, particularly the confidence to speak in front of the class during lecture activities. Self-confidence is an aspect of the human psyche that must be nurtured and developed. Self-confidence denotes the ability to do something confidently and without fear of failure. Confidence is also part of the subconscious and is unaffected by emotions and feelings. Therefore, it requires a method that can be accomplished by controlling emotions, feelings, and imagery. The volleyball learning course necessitates good psychological conditions for students to be confident when practicing in small groups and later when conducting teaching practice at school. In this course students are equipped with basic techniques in playing volleyball and how to construct volleyball learning tools, then students are able to practice teaching in small groups. This study employs a qualitative approach with a classroom action research design that follows the lecture schedule. The research procedure is divided into two cycles, with each cycle consisting of five stages: planning, action, observation, evaluation, and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles and the time required was 5 weeks for each cycle so that the total time required was 10 weeks with two cycles. The research subjects were 50 students who took the volleyball learning course. Data collection methods include observations and interviews. The results of the study show that in an effort to increase student self-confidence, the strategy chosen is role-playing which provides broad opportunities for students to explore themselves in order to be able to demonstrate their quality in front of other friends to become teachers in the teaching practice of the material chosen by each student. In this study, the role-playing technique was seen to be successful in increasing the self-confidence of the students.
Keyword: self-confidence, Role-playing, Learning, Volleyball
Association between physical fitness and mood in 60-year-old women
Authors: Zanini Gabriel , Amaral Vanessa Teixeira do , Ferndes Bianca , Ngomane Awassi Yuphiwa , Testa Junior Ademir , Verardi Carlos Eduardo Lopes , Ciolac Emmanuel Gomes
Published: September 2023

Background: It is known that trained individuals have better psychological behavior than less trained individuals, thus, it is speculated that better conditioning would be linked to this phenomenon. This study sought to verify whether better levels of functional capacity are associated with better mood patterns. Methods: Seventy-nine postmenopausal women (age = 70.3 ± 7.1 years) were then divided in four groups according to quartiles of functional capacity. The Brunel mood states scale were used to assess mood state and profile. Functional capacity assessment included measurements of handgrip strength, flexibility (sit and reach test), lower-limb strength (5 sit-to-stand test), balance (timed-up and go [TUG] test), and walking performance (6 minutes walking test). Results: The results showed higher functional capacity values are not associated with a better mood profile, even when the values obtained are classified as good or above average within their reference values. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is no association between the best functional capacity condition with the best mood profile. Perhaps this association is possible, if individuals are included in physical exercise programs.
Keywords: Mood States; Funcional capacity; Psychological Behavior; Aging.