bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factor analysis for the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors and sedentary behavior, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Ying , Hsu Pai-Feng , Lin Chung-Chi , Wang Yuan-Jen , Ding Yaw-Zon , Liou Teh-Ling , Wang Ying-Wen , Huang Shao-Sung , Chan Wan-Leong , Lin Shing-Jong , Chen Jaw-Wen , Leu Hsin-Bang
Published: November 2020

Background

Few studies have reported on the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors, including sedentary behavior, systemic inflammation, and cadiometabolic components in the general population.

Objective

We aimed to explore the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors using exploratory factor analysis to investigate the underlying relationships between various CVD risk factors.

Methods

A total of 5606 subjects (3157 male, 51.5±11.7 y/o) were enrolled, and 14 cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in an exploratory group (n = 3926) and a validation group (n = 1676), including sedentary behaviors.

Results

Five factor clusters were identified to explain 69.4% of the total variance, including adiposity (BMI, TG, HDL, UA, and HsCRP; 21.3%), lipids (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol; 14.0%), blood pressure (SBP and DBP; 13.3%), glucose (HbA1C, fasting glucose; 12.9%), and sedentary behavior (MET and sitting time; 8.0%). The inflammation biomarker HsCRP was clustered with only adiposity factors and not with other cardiometabolic risk factors, and the clustering pattern was verified in the validation group.

Conclusion

This study confirmed the clustering structure of cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, including sedentary behavior. HsCRP was clustered with adiposity factors, while physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were clustered with each other.
Probabilistic Optically-Selective Single-molecule Imaging Based Localization Encoded (POSSIBLE) microscopy for ultra-superresolution imaging
Authors: Pratim Mondal Partha
Published: November 2020

To be able to resolve molecular-clusters it is crucial to access vital information (such as, molecule density, cluster-size, and others) that are key in understanding disease progression and the underlying mechanism. Traditional single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques use molecules of variable sizes (as determined by its localization precision (LP)) to reconstruct a super-resolution map. This results in an image with overlapping and superimposing PSFs (due to a wide size-spectrum of single-molecules) that undermine image resolution. Ideally, it should be possible to identify the brightest molecules (also termed as thefortunate molecules) to reconstruct ultra-superresolution map, provided sufficient statistics is available from the recorded data. Probabilistic Optically-Selective Single-molecule Imaging Based Localization Encoded (POSSIBLE) microscopy explores this possibility by introducing a narrow probability size-distribution of single-molecules (narrow size-spectrum about a predefined mean-size). The reconstruction begins by presetting the mean and variance of the narrow distribution function (Gaussian function). Subsequently, the dataset is processed and single-molecules are filtered by the Gaussian function to remove unfortunate molecules. The fortunate molecules thus retained are then mapped to reconstruct an ultra-superresolution map. In-principle, the POSSIBLE microscopy technique is capable of infinite resolution (resolution of the order of actual single-molecule size) provided enough fortunate molecules are experimentally detected. In short, bright molecules (with large emissivity) holds the key. Here, we demonstrate the POSSIBLE microscopy technique and reconstruct single-molecule images with an average PSF sizes ofσ± Δσ= 15 ± 10nm, 30 ± 2nm& 50 ± 2nm. Results show better-resolved Dendra2-HA clusters with large cluster-density in transfected NIH3T3 fibroblast cells as compared to the traditional SMLM techniques. Cluster analysis indicates densely-packed HA molecules, HA-HA interaction, and a surge in the number of HA molecules per cluster post 24 Hrs of transfection. The study using POSSIBLE microscopy introduces new insights in influenza biology. We anticipate exciting applications in the multidisciplinary field of disease biology, oncology, and biomedical imaging.
Fault diagnosis method of submersible screw pump based on random forest
Authors: Jiang Minzheng , Cheng Tiancai , Dong Kangxing , Xu Shufan , Geng Yulong
Published: November 2020

The difficulty in directly determining the failure mode of the submersible screw pump will shorten the life of the system and the normal production of the oil well. This thesis aims to identify the fault forms of submersible screw pump accurately and efficiently, and proposes a fault diagnosis method of the submersible screw pump based on random forest. HDFS storage system and MapReduce processing system are established based on Hadoop big data processing platform; Furthermore, the Bagging algorithm is used to collect the training set data. Also, this thesis adopts the CART method to establish the sample library and the decision trees for a random forest model. Six continuous variables, four categorical variables and fault categories of submersible screw pump oil production system are used for training the decision trees. As several decision trees constitute a random forest model, the parameters to be tested are input into the random forest models, and various types of decision trees are used to determine the failure category in the submersible screw pump. It has been verified that the accuracy rate of fault diagnosis is 92.86%. This thesis can provide some meaningful guidance for timely detection of the causes of downhole unit failures, reducing oil well production losses, and accelerating the promotion and application of submersible screw pumps in oil fields.
Use of an inertial measurement unit sensor in pedicle screw placement improves trajectory accuracy
Authors: Baba Satoshi , Kawaguchi Kenichi , Itamoto Kazuhito , Watanabe Takeshi , Hayashida Mitsumasa , Mae Takao , Nakashima Yasuharu , Kato Go
Published: November 2020

Ascertaining the accuracy of the pedicle screw (PS) trajectories is important as PS malpositioning can cause critical complications. We aimed to determine the angle range over which estimation is unreliable; build a low-cost PS placement support system that uses an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to enable the monitoring of surgical tools and PS trajectories, and determine the situations where IMU support would be most beneficial. In PS insertion experiments, we used cadaver samples that included lumbar porcine spines. Computed tomography images obtained before and after PS insertion were viewed. Offsets between the planned and implanted PS trajectories in the freehand and IMU-assisted groups were analyzed. The PS cortical bone breaches were classified according to the Gertzbein and Robbins criteria (GRC). Added head-down tilted sample experiments were repeated wherein we expected a decreased rostro-caudal rotational accuracy of the PS according to the angle estimation ability results. Evaluation of the PS trajectory accuracy revealed no significant advantage of IMU-assisted rostro-caudal rotational accuracy versus freehand accuracy. According to the GRC, IMU assistance significantly increased the rate of clinically acceptable PS positions (RoCA) than the freehand technique. In the head-down tilted sample experiments, IMU assist provided increased accuracies with both rostro-caudal and medial rotational techniques when compared with the freehand technique. In the freehand group, RoCA was significantly decreased in samples with rostral tilting relative to that in the samples without. However, In the IMU-assisted group, no significant difference in RoCA between the samples with and without head-down tilting was observed. Even when the planned PS medial and/or rostro-caudal rotational angle was relatively large and difficult to reproduce manually, IMU-support helped maintain the PS trajectory accuracy and positioning safety. IMU assist in PS placement was more beneficial, especially for larger rostro-caudal and/or medial rotational pedicle angles.
The 1B vaccine strain of Chlamydia abortus produces placental pathology indistinguishable from a wild type infection
Authors: Caspe Sergio Gaston , Livingstone Morag , Frew David , Aitchison Kevin , Wattegedera Sean Ranjan , Entrican Gary , Palarea-Albaladejo Javier , McNeilly Tom Nathan , Milne Elspeth , Sargison Neil Donald , Chianini Francesca , Longbottom David
Published: November 2020

Chlamydia abortus is one of the most commonly diagnosed causes of infectious abortion in small ruminants worldwide. Control of the disease (Enzootic Abortion of Ewes or EAE) is achieved using the commercial live, attenuated C. abortus 1B vaccine strain, which can be distinguished from virulent wild-type (wt) strains by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Published studies applying this typing method and whole-genome sequence analyses to cases of EAE in vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals have provided strong evidence that the 1B strain is not attenuated and can infect the placenta causing disease in some ewes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterise the lesions found in the placentas of ewes vaccinated with the 1B strain and to compare these to those resulting from a wt infection. A C. abortus-free flock of multiparous adult ewes was vaccinated twice, over three breeding seasons, each before mating, with the commercial C. abortus 1B vaccine strain (Cevac® Chlamydia, Ceva Animal Health Ltd.). In the second lambing season following vaccination, placentas (n = 117) were collected at parturition and analysed by C. abortus-specific real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Two placentas, from a single ewe, which gave birth to live twin lambs, were found to be positive by qPCR and viable organisms were recovered and identified as vaccine type (vt) by PCR-RFLP, with no evidence of any wt strain being present. All cotyledons from the vt-infected placentas were analysed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry and compared to those from wt-infected placentas. Both vt-infected placentas showed lesions typical of those found in a wt infection in terms of their severity, distribution, and associated intensity of antigen labelling. These results conclusively demonstrate that the 1B strain can infect the placenta, producing typical EAE placental lesions that are indistinguishable from those found in wt infected animals.
Non-antibiotic pharmaceutical agents as antibiotic adjuvants
Authors: Gajdács Márió
Published: November 2020

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a global public health issue, which severely hinders clinicians in providing patients with adequate antimicrobial treatment regimens. The strategy of drug repurposing is an emerging strategy in antimicrobial chemotherapy, during which new pharmacological uses are identified for drugs already approved. The aim of our present study was to assess the adjuvant properties of several existing and widely-used pharmacological agents against bacteria in combination with reference antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 were selected for our experiments. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the tested compounds were determined using the broth microdilution method, while a MIC reduction assay was performed to ascertain the eﬀect of the tested compounds on the MICs of standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and gentamicin). Eight tested compounds (namely atorvastatin, celecoxib, clotrimazole, diclofenac-epolamine, ivermectin, lidocaine, mebendazole and terbinafine) showed antibacterial activity on the tested bacterial strains and several agents presented with various degrees of adjuvant (MIC-reducing) properties. Further experiments involving the screening of additional pharmaceutical compounds for their secondary antibacterial and adjuvant properties are warranted.
Safety and Efficacy of Intermittent Colonic Exoperistalsis Device to Treat Chronic Constipation: A Prospective Multicentric Clinical Trial
Authors: McClurg Doreen , Booth Lorna , Herrero-Fresneda Immaculada
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Chronic constipation is associated with various comorbidities and reduced quality of life. Current solutions, either pharmacological or invasive, show limited efficacy. Manual colon-specific massage is a well-established intervention to treat chronic constipation, but it should be applied daily. MOWOOT automatically provides intermittent colonic exo-peristalsis (ICE) treatment like that in manual massage.

METHODS:

This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of the ICE device to treat chronic constipation due to neurogenic bowel dysfunction or idiopathic causes with high component of pelvic floor disorders. The ICE device was used daily for 20 minutes over 4 weeks. Each participant was followed for 9 consecutive weeks. The same outcome measures (primary: complete bowel movements per week; secondary: Knowles Eccersley Scott Symptom Score and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life among others) were assessed at baseline (V1), last intervention weeks (V2), and post-treatment (V3). Responders were defined for selected outcomes as better results at V2 respect to V1.

RESULTS:

N = 92 adult patients constituted the intention-to-treat population, with N = 65 as the per protocol population. Adherence (quantity of treatment received) was ≥95% in the intention-to-treat population. Adverse events related with the treatment were low (8.7%). Using the device significantly increased the number of complete bowel movements per week (V2 − V1 = 1.8 [2.7], P < 0.0001), reduced the symptoms of chronic constipation (Knowles Eccersley Scott Symptom Score V2 − V1 = −3.9 [5.0], P < 0.0001), improved quality of life (Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life V2 − V1 = −0.7 [0.8], P < 0.0001), and facilitated a reduction in laxatives. Colon transit and fecal consistency were not modified. There was a high number of responders (>70%).

DISCUSSION:

Considering safety, adherence, and efficacy being demonstrated, the results favor the use of MOWOOT to treat chronic constipation (Visual abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CTG/A440).

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202012000-00001/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T213506Z/r/image-tiff
MODELING OF MATERIAL BALANCE FROM THE EXPERIMENTAL UCG
Authors: Durdán Milan , Terpák Ján , Kačur Ján , Laciak Marek , Flegner Patrik
Published: November 2020

The underground coal gasification is a continually evolving technology, which converts coal to calorific gas. There are many important parameters in this technology, which are difficult to measure. These parameters include the underground cavity growth, amount gasified coal, and the leakage of input and output gaseous components into the surrounding layers during the coal gasification process. Mathematical modeling of this process is one of the possible alternatives for determining these unknown parameters. In this paper, the structure of the mathematical model of laboratory underground coal gasification process from the material balance aspect is presented. The material balance consists of mass components entering and leaving from the UCG process. The paper shows a material balance in the form of a general mass balance and atomic species balance. The material balance was testing by six UCG laboratory experiments, which were realized in two ex-situ reactors.
LASER ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL DECAY IN LIMESTONE CAUSED BY FREEZE-THAW CYCLES
Authors: Kravcov Alexander , Franek Ondřej , Morozov Nikolaj , Kucewicz Michał , Tomaszewski Michał , Svoboda Pavel , Baranowski Paweł
Published: November 2020

In this article, an innovative new method of non-destructive testing for estimating the sensitivity of limestone is presented. An advantage of the laser ultrasonic structuroscopy method is the time and the quality, due to which less tests are necessary for an analysis of rock properties. Limestone is measured with an innovative structural control method, which shows a good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the basic structural analysis.
Methodical Approach to Accounting Intangible Assets and Brand Values in Marketing Pricing
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Chukurna Olena
Published: November 2020

The article presents a methodological approach to the valuation of intangible assets and brand value in marketing pricing policy. This approach takes into account the specifics of the formation of intangible assets and sources of brand value in the B2B markets. It was proposed a modified ROI (Return on Investment) to assess the effectiveness of the brand promotion system as an intangible asset. It was proved the interrelation of an estimation of efficiency of marketing activity with pricing on the basis of the complex account of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the goods. With the help of the BEST-marketing program, the most important quality characteristics of engineering products in the B2B market have been identified. Keywords: marketing pricing, brand valuation, intangible assets, B2B market, machine-building industry.
Volatility Modeling for Currency Pairs and Stock Indices by Means of Complex Networks
Authors: Liashenko Olena , Kravets Tetyana , Filogina Anastasiya
Published: November 2020

Financial markets are complex systems. Network analysis is an innovative method for improving data sharing and knowledge discovery in financial data. Oriented weighted networks were created for the Shanghai Composite, S&P500, DAX30, CAC40, Nikkei225, FTSE100, IBEX35 indexes, for CNY-JPY, EUR-USD, GBP-EUR, RUB-CNY and for cryptocurrency BTC-USD. We considered data since January 6, 2006 to September 6, 2019. The complex networks had a similar structure for both types of markets, which was divided into the central part (core) and the outer one (loops). The emergence of such a structure reflects the fact that, for the most part, the stock and currency markets develop around some significant state of volatility, but occasionally anomalies occur when the states of volatility deviate from the core. Comparing the topology of evolutionary networks and the differences found for the stock and currency markets networks, we can conclude that stock markets are characterized by a greater variety of volatility patterns than currency ones. At the same time, the cryptocurrency market network showed a special mechanism of volatility evolution compared to the currency and stock market networks.
Control of fuel combustion in small and medium power boilers
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics NAS of Ukraine, Zaporozhets A.O. , Babak V.P.
Published: November 2020

The monograph deals with the problems of increasing the effi ciency of fuel combustion and reducing emissions of harmful substances in boilers with a capacity of up to 3.5 MW. Approaches for the formation of stoichiometric air-fuel mixtures in boilers are developed. Th e method for indirect determination of the concentration of air components was developed, which allows to increase the metrological characteristics of gas-analyzing devices. Methods, algorithms and programs to automate the combustion control process, while ensuring the reliability of the data, are created. A system for monitoring the fuel combustion process was developed, and it was implemented on the basis of the NIISTU-5 boiler unit. For researchers, engineers, as well as lecturers and postgraduates of higher educational institutions and scientifi c institutions, working in the fi eld of engineering and optimization in the energy.
Timothy Power, The Red Sea from Byzantium to the Caliphate, AD 500–1000
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: November 2020

Review
Tedros Abraha, ed., tr., Gädlä Abunä Yonas Zä-Bur. Eritrean Saint of the 15th Century. Geʿez text edited and translated
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: November 2020

Review
Physiological and morphological peculiarities of children with Downâ€™s syndrome: A brief review
Authors: Makhov A.S. , Medvedev Ilya Nikolayevich
Published: November 2020

Background: There are several approaches to solve the problems of many pathological processesâ€™ correction, such as clinical pathology and experiment in modern science. At the same time, genetically-conditioned diseases usually demand researchersâ€™ attention and generalization of earlier information for making the correction foundation of their manifestations in the future. Downâ€™s syndrome is considered to be one. Our objective was to review existing literature regarding physiological and morphological peculiarities of children with Downâ€™s syndrome.Methods: A total of 30 relevant literature were reviewed regarding physiological and morphological peculiarities of children with Downâ€™s syndrome. The data collection for eligible articles were conducted from 1989-2017. Different database and manual search methods were used to find the topic-related articles. Results: Abnormalities of heart, gastrointestinal tract and the system of urinary excretion are considered as the underlying congenital abnormalities for children with Downâ€™s syndrome influencing their lifespan. People with Downâ€™s syndrome have difficulties in their cognitive activity, such as lag in development, speaking, and reading. Limitation existence of ideas and scarcity of conclusions make studying different school subjects impossible for children with Downâ€™s syndrome. They need more time to master new skills and remembering new material. On the other hand, children with Downâ€™s syndrome possess positive personal qualities: they are tender, friendly and even-tempered. Conclusion: Downâ€™s syndrome is considered as one of the most common genetic diseases occurred newborns. Children with Downâ€™s syndrome have several physical abnormalities. It is important to understand children with Downâ€™s syndrome as a whole, as they can be put into a well-adjusted system of rehabilitation.
A rare case of penetrating lung and cardiac injury due to late migration of multiple Kirschner-wire after shoulder fracture fixation
Authors: Joalsen Ivan , Utomo Arif Prasetyo
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Penetrating foreign body through lung and cardiac is very uncommon case and may lead to life-threatening complication.Case: We reported an unusual case of penetrating lung and cardiac injury as a complication of open reduction and internal fixation combined with transfixing wire of right glenohumeral procedure.Conclusion: The Kirschner wires were successfully extracted by using heart-lung machine (HLM) through thoracotomy and sternotomy approach, consecutively.
Prevalence of giardiasis and its associated factors among livestock and rivers in Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Yulia , Suryawati Betty , Probandari Ari Natalia , Hartono Hartono , Yudhani Ratih Dewi , Artama Wayan Tunas
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Giardiasis is a gastrointestinal disease caused by the protozoan Giardia sp. Recent data showed that constant contact with livestock could pose greater risk of contracting this disease, especially without any protective gears. Unfortunately, this condition is still prevalent in several areas in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of giardiasis and its risk factors in the community around livestock areas and rivers in Mlati, Sleman, DIY, Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January-August 2019 around the livestock area and rivers in Mlati, Sleman, DIY. Stool samples were obtained from subjects who have livestock and live along the rivers or its tributaries. The status of Giardiasis were determined from microscopic examination and PCR using beta-giardin as the reference conducted in Parasitology and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, UNS.Results: A total of 179 subjects were were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of giardiasis among study population was found to be at 5.02% (n=9), 19 (10.6%) of them were cattleman, and 122 (68.1%) had a history of contact with cattle. Subjects who did not own any cattle seemed to have a significantly lower risk of contracting giardiasis (AOR: 0.041, 95%CI: 0.009-0.185; p=0.000) since contact with cattle also proved to be the risk factor of giardiasis (AOR: 1.080, 95%CI: 1.027-1.135; p<0.002).Conclusion: This study revealed that constant contact with cattle lead to significantly higher risk of giardiasis for those who live among livestock and along the rivers in Mlati, Sleman DIY.
Herpes zoster opthalmicus in geriatric with malnutrition: a case report
Authors: Adiguna Made Swastika , Wijaya Henny , Saientisna Made Detriasmita
Published: November 2020

Background: Herpes zoster opthalmicus (shingles) is a reactivation of latent Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) affecting the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. One of the risk factors that can cause reactivation of shingles are aging and immunosuppression conditions such as malnutrition.Case: We reported a case of 75 years old patient with stabbing pain dan stinging sensation on the left forehead with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score of 3. Body mass index was calculated and showed underweight status (malnutrition). Dermatological examination showed erythematous, well-defined macules to patch, topped with a blackish-brown crust, with multiple erosions at some part over the left frontal region, superior palpebra and the parietal area (following the dermatome of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve). The patient was given oral acyclovir, oral methylprednisolone, gabapentin, amitriptyline and vitamin B. The lesions were compressed with saline solution. The patient was also given high calories and protein intake to fix nutrition status. These interventions showed significant improvement of the lesions.Discussion: The incidence and severity of shingles increases in geriatric patients. This can also be explained because aging is associated with a greater susceptibility of nutritional deficiency which can suppress specific and non-specific immunity. Nutritional conditions in herpes zoster patients can influence the severity and incidence of postherpetic neuralgia as well.Conclusion: The purpose of reporting this case is to discuss nutritional status is an important factor that must be considered in dealing with the incidence of herpes zoster as to reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia.
The role of psychological stress in atopic dermatitis through an increase of IL-31
Authors: Wardhana Made , Suryawati Nyoman , Rusyati Luh Made Mas
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Atopic dermatitis occurs due to multifactorial interactions such as genetic, environmental, impaired skin barrier function, immunological factors, infection and post-psychological stress. Th1 cells and some proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10 and others play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, also IL-31. IL-31, including cytokines of the IL-6 family expressed mainly on CD4 T cells. Many researchers also associate stress with the occurrence of atopic dermatitis, stress will trigger the release of these cytokines from immune cells (e.g. IL-6, TNF Î±). The aim of the study is determine correlationÂ  between stress and increase in IL-31 level in person with atopic dermatitisMethod: We designed a case-control study includingÂ  58 patient, range from 14-65 years old. Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is established based on Hanifin and Rajka criteria, and the severity based on SCORAD. Venous blood was collected for IL-31 examination, stress index was measured by interview according to the Holmes-Rahe stress scale test method.Result: In this study, the stress index in atopic dermatitis was 102.26 + 11.71, and in control 61.35 + 19.87 there was a significant difference with p <0.005. IL-31 levels in atopic dermatitis were 274.44 + 95.35, higher than controls 129.44 + 85.45, significantly with p<0.005. The results of linear regression between stress index and severity of dermatitis (SCORAD), appeared to have a moderate positive correlation with r = 0.04. OR 4.56 (95% CI 2.78-11.56).Conclusions: From this study it can be concluded that stress increases IL-31 levels and positively correlates with the severity of atopic dermatitis.
The association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) in the population-based elderly at Buleleng and Tabanan regencies, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Radityo Wayan Eko , Aryana I Gusti Putu Suka , Kuswardhani Raden Ayu Tuty , Astika I Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Background: High Body Mass Index (BMI) is known associated with mortality and morbidity among the elderly. However, other studies also show the opposite result in high BMI as protective against Activity Daily Living (ADL). Accurate quantification of the role of BMI in the incidence of disability in ADL is desirable in the face of the increasing prevalence of individuals with overweight and obesity and prolonged life span in the population. This study aims to investigate the association between Body Mass Index and Activity of Daily Living in population-based elderly.Method: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in the urban and rural area of Bali Province, particularly in Buleleng and Tabanan regencies. BMI and Barthel Index score were recorded among respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows and aP-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 167 respondents, 100 and 67 from the urban and rural area of Bali Province respectively, was predominant by 93 (55.7%) females and followed by 74 (44.3%) males. Spearman test found a significant weak positive correlation between weight and Activity of Daily Living (r= 0.168; p<0.05). In addition, a significant weak positive correlation was also found between BMI and ADL (r= 0.158; p<0.05).Conclusion: Our study showed increased values of BMI is a protective effect on ADL.
Case report: a 33-year-old man with recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Authors: Utama Yohanes Dona Christi , Wibisono Dimas S. , Riskiawan Angga
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) is the obstruction of upper urinary tract, present in fetal life until adulthood. Congenital UPJO mostly results from an intrinsic process with dilatation of renal collecting system. Acquired UPJO in adulthood may present without dilatation of renal collecting system, correlated with urolithiasis, infection, postoperative peripyelo-inflammatory fibrotic complication, and urothelial malignancy. In the past, Pyeloplasty, classic dismembered (Anderson-Hynes) or laparoscopic, is the gold standard treatment. In this study we would like to report and discuss comprehensive etiologies, diagnostic, and its treatment based from real case.Case Presentation: We report case: a 33-year-old Indonesian man with left flank colic pain (VAS:8/10), nausea, and hematuria that did not disappear with medication. He had stone history in right proximal ureter with hydronephrosis and hydroureter, Ureterorenoscopy had been performed two years ago. Other vital signs and hemodynamics were stable. Abdominal USG demonstrated bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Abdominal X-Ray showed right ureter stone. Right-Left Ureterorenoscopy + Double-J-Stent were performed. The diagnosis was Bilateral Nephrolithiasis, Stenosis, and Proximal Ureter Obstruction leading to Recurrent UPJO. Three months later there was still pain, the patient was undergone Cystoscopy + URS + Laser Endopyelotomy + DJ-Stent Replacement (from 6 to 7 Fr). One month later, DJ-stents were removed but the stenotic ureter remained so Laparoscopic End-to-End Proximal Ureter Anastomosis Resection and DJ-stent Insertion were finally performed. Patientâ€™s complaints were slightly reduced.Conclusion: The Recurrent UPJO cause inadequate urinary flow leading to renal impairment. Clinical signs, symptoms, etiologies, and diagnostic imaging have significant role in determining the diagnosis. Early surgical intervention is the definitive treatment to reduce renal damage and its complications. Further researches to establish the causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic imagings, and alternative treatments of UPJO are highly expected.
Validity S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry scoring to predict stone free status in kidney stone patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Oka Anak Agung Gde , Dewi Anak Agung Ayu Oka Kusuma , Widiana I Gede Raka
Published: November 2020

Background: Kidney stone still a health problem in the world. Today, the choice of therapeutic modality is also increasingly varied, percutaneous nephrolitotomy (PCNL) is still the first line for stone therapy with varying success rates, some high or low. Sometimes need additional measures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for the rest stone and good preventive behaviour are needed. This can be influenced by several risk factors, a risk factor predictor is required to get a high stone free rate in patients after PCNL.Methods: This research is a cross sectional retrospective study, we recorded 50 patients at the Medical Records Installation at Sanglah Education General Hospital in Denpasar since January 2018-November 2019 with kidney stones performed by PCNL, each patient will be calculated S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score can be seen on CT Stonography and the presence or absence of stone after PCNL. The parameters of S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry are size, tract obstruction, number of calyces, essence. And calculated the best cut off, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy of the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score to predict stone free status after PCNL.Results: The best cut off value in this study is <9, where patients with S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry scoreÂ  < 9 have a risk stone free after PCNL 25 (50%) patients, while the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score >9, has a risk of not being free and there are stones left Â 25 (50%) patients. S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry had % sensitivity 60.6%, specificity 70.6%, and 64 % accuracy in this study. Positive predictive value and negative predictive values were 80% and 48%.Conclusion: from this study the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score sensitively predicts stone free status in kidney stone patients after PCNL and can be used as a tool to education the patient before PCNL and therapy.
The small volume subcutaneous polyalkylimide injection-induced collagen capsule in rats: A preliminary study
Authors: Tanuwidjaja Teguh
Published: November 2020

Background: Polyalkylimide is a permanent dermal filler that has been used for skin augmentation to ameliorate skin ageing. The massive volume injection has a higher risk of complication. This study aims to find collagen capsule formation by small volume polyalkylimide implantation.Â Â Methods: We used an experimental post-test only control group design. The control group received subcutaneous NaCl injection, and the treatment group received subcutaneous polyalkylimide injection 0.018 mL (equal 1 mL in the humans). After five weeks, all rats (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar were sacrificed. The skin samples were collected and proceed for histologic staining. Capsule thickness was performed as mean Â± SD.Â Â Â Â Â Results: The treatment group showed polyalkylimide mass in subcutaneous tissue, collagen fibres surrounding the polyalkylimide, and no inflammatory cells. The collagen capsule thickness was 7.45 Â± 0.78 Âµm.Conclusion: The small volume polyalkylimide subcutaneous injection-induced collagen capsule formation. The small volume implantation shows promising effects for skin augmentation.
Acquired intestinal atresia in young girl: extremely rare case
Authors: Syahputra Dian Adi , Isa Muntadhar M. , Yusriadi Teuku
Published: November 2020

Background: A postnatally acquired ileal atresia is very rare. Only few cases are described in literature and the etiology is still unclear.Case Description: A Girl 15 years old was referred to Zainoel Abidin hospital with abdominal distention and canâ€™t pass motion for 10 days ago. She also had intermittent colicky pain and billious vomiting. Previously, she had surgical correction for anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistulae. Physical examination revealed tachycardia and tachypnea with abdominal distention as well as metallic sound even though there was no sign of peritonitis. Anal position index was normal and rectal vault collapse. Potassium level was low. Abdominal x-ray revealed multiple air-fluid level and gas only in the ileum level with dilatation all small bowel. Exploratory laparotomy was prompted and there was acquired atresia (type II) in the ileum 70 cm from ileocaecal valve due to adhesive band that twisted the bowel to the umbilical area. Proximal tappering and anastomosis end to end ileoileal were performed. She was discharged on operative day 7 with uneventful recovery.Conclusion: Intestinal atresia typically presents in neonatal period with the classical symptoms of abdominal distension and vomiting.
The role of macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in pediatric dengue infection at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Utama I Made Gede Dwi Lingga , Agustini Ni Made Ayu
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is known had pleiotropic properties particularly participating in inflammatory and immune responses. MIF has initially involved phagocytosis, spreading, and tumoricidal activity in macrophage. Recently, MIF was determined as a proinflammatory cytokine that has a pivotal role in viral infection such as dengue. This study aims to evaluate the role of MIF levels in patients with dengue infection at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, IndonesiaMethods:Â A cross-sectional study was conducted among 48 children aged 1 to 12 years who hospitalized in the Children's Ward of Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, from August 2016 to July 2017. The respondents were divided into two groups: 24 children with a diagnosis of Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) (Group 1) and 24 non-DSS children. Data regarding age group, gender, obesity status, history of secondary infection, grading for dengue infection, and levels of MIF were assessed in this study. The MIF levels between both groups were evaluated and analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Mac.Â Results:Â Most of the patients were age > 5 years old in Non-DSS (87.5%) and DSS (54.2%) groups. However, females were predominant in the Non-DSS group (66.7%), but males in the DSS group (58.3%). The non-obesity history was more frequent in both Non-DSS (87.5%) and DSS (87.5%) groups. But, the history of secondary infection was more common in the DSS (70.8%) compared with a non-DSS group (37.5%). A significant difference in mean MIF levels was found between patients with DSS (102 (42.91-141.12) ng/ml) and non-DSS (24.85 (12.61-50.80) ng/ml) (p <0.001). MIF levels were significantly different between several degrees of dengue infection (P<0.05).Conclusions: Serum MIF levels in non-DSS patients significantly differ from MIF levels in DSS patients. MIF serum levels increase in accordance with the increasing degree of severity of dengue infection. This data shows that MIF has a role in the occurrence of severe dengue infection.
The effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) ethanol extract on tibia bone fracture healing in the Wistar strain rats (Rattus novergicus) based on radiological assessment, histopathology, and alkaline phosphatase levels
Authors: Rahman Safrizal , Maryatun Maryatun , Gan Alex Kurniawan
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Fracture is one of the most common health problem cases in the community. The goal of treatment for fractures is to restore the condition of the bone to pre-injury condition. This research aims to obtain a novel treatment for fracture healing. Bitter melon is a plant that is easily found and widely consumed in Indonesia. According to previous research, Bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) can accelerate bone growth and repair after a fracture.Method: Â In this study, parameters used to assed fracture healing were histological, radiological, and alkaline phosphatase levels. This study used Bitter melon extract with 70% ethanol. Research groups consist of 3 groups with different doses and 1 control group where each group consisted of 6 subjects. The dosage used is 200 mg/Kg BW (P1), 300 mg/Kg BW (P2), and 400 mg/Kg BW (P3). Before being treated the subjects underwent factorization procedure and then treated used using bandages and wooden sticks for immobilization of fracture segments. Furthermore, the subjects were given Bitter melon extract twice a day for 84 days. Then checked according to the parameters seen. The data obtained are quantitative data which will be tested for normality and homogeneity first, then ANOVA test.Result: Callus formation findings shows the P1 groups showed the highest mean of callus formation among treatment groups after induced by Bitter melon ethanol extract of 200 mg/kg BW The results of LSD test in alkali phosphatase parameter between groups showed significant differences between the P1 group with controls (p = 0.000), P2 with controls (p = 0.000), P3 with controls (p = 0.000), P3 with P1 (p = 0.000) and P3 with P2 (p = 0.021)Conclusion: There was a significant effect of the administration of bitter melon fruit extract on the formation of callus formation in animal model after osteotomy.
Lecithin- cholesterol acyltransferase and relationship with Platelet-activating factor in AB blood phenotype
Authors: Birinci Suayip , Koctekin Belkis , Yilmaz Necat
Published: November 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and Platelet-activating factor (PAF) with atherogenic potential in the ABO blood system.Background: The current study is the first study that focuses on healthy blood donors and investigating a relationship between ABO blood groups and LCAT enzyme and PAF, which plays a notable role in atherogenesis.Methods: ABO blood types characterize the role of the individualistic phenotype. Hence, it is generally assumed that ABO blood phenotypes are involved with many diseases. This cross-sectional study involved 176 healthy subjects with different ABO blood phenotypes. Measurements of routine lipids, LCAT, PAF and atherogenic plasma index (AIP) were performed in these subjects.Results: Our most important finding was that individuals with blood group AB have statistically significant lower LCAT levels in serum. Additionally, there was a moderately negative correlation between LCAT and triglycerides in the AB blood phenotype (r=-0.452, P=0.02). Nevertheless, there were statistically significant correlations between LCAT levels and PAF levels of subjects with only non â€“O blood phenotypes (A, B and AB). Serum AIP values were statistically significantly higher in the AB blood group.Conclusion: The present study suggests that blood group AB can be associated with decreased LCATÂ Â  levels when compared to the non- AB phenotypes. We suggest that LACT and AIP may be helpful biomarkers to illustrate atherogenic risk in AB blood phenotype, although this requires further investigation.
Extracutaneous manifestations of adult psoriatic patients attending Dermatology Teaching Center in Slemani, Iraq
Authors: Mahmood Aween Nawzad , Saeed Mohammad Yousif
Published: November 2020

Background: Psoriasis is debilitating, albeit remained underdiagnosed and undertreated, disease typically known for its cutaneous manifestations. Recent evidence pointed towards multisystemic comorbidities that we aim to elucidate further in this study.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Dermatology Teaching Center in Slemani city from April to September 2019. One hundred dermatologist-confirmed psoriasis patients aged 18 years old and above were subjected to structured interview, physical examination and blood investigations to determine the presence of psoriasis extracutaneous manifestations.Results: There were a total of 100 patients with a mean age of 47.2 Â± 15. Majority of the patients comprised of middle age group (42.0%), female (67.0%), with 10-20 years disease duration (36.0%). Only a few of them are currently smoking (16.0%) and consume alcohol (6.0%). Patients with extracutaneous involvement primarily had multiple (37.0%) as opposed to singular (24.0%). Metabolic syndrome was the most prevalent (30.0%) extracutaneous manifestation in this study.Conclusions: Extracutaneous manifestations of psoriasis were ubiquitous and often coexisted. Emerging progressive comorbidities prompted greater recognition and integrated multidisciplinary approach.
Healthy food to support healthy life
Authors: Pinatih Gde Ngurah Indraguna
Published: November 2020

Healthy, happy, success and long life are everyone's dream of being. To have these, proper nutrition is one of the basic needs that must be metâ€”food composing of nutrients and non-nutrients that will influence the quality of food. Hence, Food must meet four conditions to be said as healthy food. It has to be adequate, balance in the composition of nutrients, calorie in control, and free or at least within the safety level of health hazard components. Yet, food does not affect directly on oneâ€™s health but the diet, though it takes time from unhealthy habit into getting the disease or vice versa.Â  Since food has many functions in human life, moderation and variety becoming very important to compose a healthy diet. If these six principals are put into the habit, then fit, and well-being can be promised so far unless some other risk factors can affect health.Â  Water has a crucial role in supporting the body function, and human cannot avoid drink in daily life. Still, beverage drinks can be easily slipped into the hazardous substrate that will influence on health. Knowledge on nutrigenomic is worth to be applied to have more on the personal approach of how food and diet can affect health.
The effects of meldonium on microrheological abnormalities of erythrocytes in rats with obesity : An experimental study
Authors: Kulikov Evgeny Vladimirovich , Zavalishina Svetlana Yuryevna , Vatnikov Yury Anatolyevich , Seleznev Sergey Borisovich , Parshina Valentina Ivanovna , Voronina Yuliya Yurevna , Popova Irina Anatolyevna , Bondareva Irina Viktorovna , Petrukhina Olesia Anatolyevna , Troshina Natalya Igorevna , Glagoleva Tatyana Ivanovna
Published: November 2020

Background: The microrheological disorders of red blood cells in obesity is often missed by the researchers. This study aimed to report an experimental investigation on laboratory animals with developed obesity and to find out the effect of meldonium on the erythrocytes.Methods: A total of 95 healthy male-rats of Vistar line were taken into the investigation, 29 animals had experienced no impacts and allocated as the control group, while 64 rats which had developed obesity induced by a cardioangionefopathogenic semisynthetic diet into the obesity group. These rats were casually divided into an experimental (34 rats) group and the control group (30 rats). The rats of the experimental group in the next ten days were intragastrically injected with meldonium for 80 mg/kg. The biochemical, hematological and statistical methods of investigation were used in this study.Results: During the formation of obesity and the use of meldonium, the body weight of the rats were gradually decreased to the normal level. On the obese rat's group receiving meldonium, the content of the lipids peroxidation products in erythrocytes progressively decreased. Â and reached the level of the healthy control rats group. Moreover, there was a decrease in the number of erythrocytes-discocytes accompanied by an increase in the reversible and irreversible changes. These values were returned to the level of the healthy control rats group at the end of the observation. This pattern was observed in the total number of erythrocytes aggregate and free erythrocytes.Conclusion: The application of meldonium eliminates the existing erythrocytes abnormal microrheological features in the rats with recently developed obesity.