bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic planning, local authorities and territorial development: an experience of the Euro-Latin american co-operation in Colombia
Authors: Tassara Carlo
Published: October 2017

This paper reasons about the importance of the strategic planning for territorial development and on the contribution of the Euro-Latin American co-operation to the strengthening of the capacities of localauthorities in Colombia. Within this context, the paper presents as case study the Project «European Union and Latin America for Welfare Integrated Policies» implemented between 2009 and 2013 under the URB AL Regional Programme. The Project, led by the Italian Region Emilia Romagna, has established a network of local authorities representing five countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Italy and Spain) for the exchange of best practices and the support to public policies for territorial development and local governance.
Philanthrocapitalism and Development: a case study on the fight against poliomyelitis
Authors: Mediavilla-Merino Juan José
Published: October 2017

he philanthropic activities of major foundations have made a significant importance in recent decades in International Development Cooperation. In a global economic perspective, philanthropic foundations work in areas that formerly belonged to the State. This loss of social policies by the State and the pursuit of a global strategy for development have promoted the growth of these organizations. Public-Private Partnerships for Development are, in most cases, the innovative way they choose for their funding, using the distribution of risks and benefits. We are witness of a form of philanthropy in which philanthropists are motivated not only a desire altruistic, but is seeking projects that are beneficial.
Communication and citizenship empowerment in health care: a case of action-research in a polarized Venezuela
Authors: Nahón-Serfaty Isaac , Eid Mahmoud
Published: October 2017

An action-research project was implemented in Venezuela from 2009-2013 to empower social activists and patients in their fight against breast cancer (BC). The project was implemented in a context of high political and social polarization of the so-called “Bolivarian revolution”. Based on an ecological perspective of health activism and communication, that encompasses the interpersonal, group and social levels, a series of activities were celebrated to develop the advocacy capabilities of citizens, especially women, expand the collaborative networks among different stakeholders, and promote a consensual view between social and institutional actors about a national response to fight BC. A horizontal and participatory communication allowed that the voice of usually marginalized actors was heard in the process of shaping health care policy.
Low usage of transactional bank accounts in Mexico: those who can’t and those who won’t
Authors: García José Antonio
Published: October 2017

In Mexico, the share of adults that have a regulated transaction account is low, even when compared to other countries of similar income levels. Traditionally, this problem has been regarded as a phenomenon of «involuntary exclusion», in which excluded individuals wish to use this service but face a number of barriers, among which those related to costs are the most relevant. Thus, public policies have focused on reducing costs. On the other hand, little attention has been paid to individuals that seemingly have decided not to use these accounts. Even if they do not face significant barriers to access the accounts, they prefer using non-regulated transactional services, or make and receive payments in cash only and keep cash surpluses at home. In this paper the phenomenon of «self-exclusion» is analyzed. It concludes that cost barriers only partially explain exclusion in the context of transactional bank accounts. Such exclusion also reflects the prevalence of informal economic relationships, which reduces the value proposition of transactional bank accounts to end users.
In or Beyond Aid: The Difficult Path of Policy Coherence for Development
Authors: Gutiérrez-Goiria Jorge , Millán-Acevedo Natalia , Martínez-Martínez Ignacio
Published: October 2017

Analyses of Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) began to arise in the OECD more than two decades ago. These approaches have evolved while the discussions about the necessary reform of the system of international cooperation were taking place. However, the meetings in Rome, Paris, Accra and Busan, and the Aid Effectiveness Agenda, focused on a technocratic and unilateral vision of efficiency, away from the approach of CPD. Subsequently, the creation of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation has not meant a change of course on this issue. The article shows the striking absence of the CPD at conferences and declarations, which contrasts with its remarkable evolution in the doctrinal level, and raises the potentialities of the 2030 Agenda for the CPD.
Policy Coherence for Development at sub-state level: the case of the Basque Country
Authors: Unceta Koldo , Labaien Irati
Published: October 2017

The debate on Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) has mostly been associated to States. However, the growing importance acquired by local and regional governments in promoting development and cooperation policies, and the need of a multilevel governance to meet the challenges of development, emphasize the interest of analysing the PCD from a wider perspective including the sub-state level. Considering these issues, this paper focuses on the study of the PCD in the Basque Country, based on a research study carried out about this subject. As a conclusion, relevant considerations that may be interesting to promote the analysis on PCD at sub-state level are pointed out.
The capacity of the Spanish Parliament to promote a Policy Coherence for Development approach to the policy making processes
Authors: Pérez-González Javier , Segovia-Moreno Míriam
Published: October 2017

The international community has approved the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as a common roadmap to face the global challenges of poverty, inequity and the sustainable management of the planet’s natural resources. For this Agenda to succeed, all countries must adopt the Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) approach as the guiding and crosscutting principle of all domestic and foreign policies during the next 15 years. National parliaments are going to be key players to urge Governments to make the ambitious and long-term commitments that the 2030 Agenda requires. Proyecto Avizor —a Spanish Parliament Monitoring Organization (PMO)— has monitored the activity of the Spanish Parliament during the 2011-2016 period, analyzing the contribution that the parliamentarian activity has had to promote the Government’s commitment in the fight against global poverty, inequality and in favor of sustainable development and human rights. With the information provided by Proyecto Avizor, this article has aimed to find if, in the current Spanish political context, the political initiatives that will be needed to fulfill the 2030 Agenda’s goals, face extra obstacles and burdens during their approval procedures compared with the rest of initiatives. The results of the analysis show that the inclusion of the PCD approach in a political initiative decreases its chances of being successfully processed at the Parliament. On the other hand, the analysis has found no evidences that a stronger presence of the PCD approach in the political mandates approved by the Parliament hampers its chances of being accomplished by the Government. Being solidarity one of the values on which the European Union is founded, the European regional framework becomes the most suitable level to increase the effectiveness of European aid, assuming responsibility for coordination and management of policy coherence.
Energy for Freedom: reflection for a critical analisys of rural electrification projects
Authors: Ten-Palomares María
Published: October 2017

Energy is considered essential for Human Development. However, rural electrification projects rarely include rural population’s aspirations, especially indigenous people’s aspirations. Using the Technologies for Freedom approach from a multilevel perspective, we analyze a case study in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Through this approach, called Energy for Freedom, which is focused on expanding people’s freedoms, we explore how energy stakeholders’ development and energy visions are connected with Amazonian indigenous people’s aspirations. We argue that integrating the multilevel perspective to the analysis of technological development projects it is essential for the design of alternatives adapted to their diverse realities and to highlight the plurality of energy visions.
Incorporating gender perspective in small environmental projects. The experience of El Almanario in ten indigenous communities in Guatemala
Authors: Lopez-Torrejon Estela , Boni-Aristizábal Alejandra , Peris-Blanes Jordi
Published: October 2017

The Almanario is a project management methodology created by Small Grants Programme in Guatemala which operates following United Nations Global Environment Fund premises. The main goal of our research is to show the results of fourth compulsory gender measures included in the Almanario approach in ten indigenous communities in Western Guatemala. The research reveals women participation has beenincreased and had allowed them to manage project resources. Two measures (the Promotora role and mixedAdvisory Board) are preliminary steps to visualize women leadership but more time is needed in orderto consolidate and increase women participation. Nursemaids are perceived by women as a good measureto increase participation and really appropriate in a patriarchal context. Gender and self-esteem trainingshave increased women self-esteem and awareness on women rights.CITE AS:López-Torrejon, E., Boni-Aristizabal, A., Peris-Blanes, J. (2012). Incorporando la perspectiva de género en pequeños proyectos ambientales. La experiencia del Almanario en 10 comunidades indígenas de Guatemala. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 1 (1): 84-100
Global Financial Partnerships in microfinance: India, Peru and Tanzania
Authors: Marr Ana , Tubaro Paula
Published: October 2017

The paper studies the ‘wholesale’ market through which microfinance institutions operating in three contexts (Peru, Tanzania and the state of Tamil Nadu in India) obtain loans from a variety of domestic and international funding bodies. The nature and characteristics of the relationships between them are captured through network analysis and visualization tools, with a dataset comprising inter-organisational lending relationships and organisations’ attributes over the years 2006-8. Focus is on the extent to which patterns in wholesale lending relationships relate to the legal status and characteristics of microfinance institutions; to the regulatory, business and social environment in which they operate; and to shifts in the balance between social and commercial interests of diverse types of lenders.The analysis brings to light considerable cross-country variation in the structure and features of wholesale lending relationships, and relates it primarily to differences in governance and regulation. On this basis, it makes the case that building a more enabling regulatory environment for funding partnerships may improve the capacity of microfinance to achieve its dual goals of poverty alleviation and financial sustainability.CITE AS:Marr, A., Tubaro, P. (2012). Global Financial Partnerships in microfinance: India, Peru and Tanzania. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 1 (1): 28-57
Efficiency in Microfinance Cooperatives
Authors: Hartarska Valentina , Nadolnyak Denis , Shen Xuan
Published: October 2017

In recognition of cooperatives’ contribution to the socio-economic well-being of their participants, the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Cooperatives. Microfinance cooperatives make a large part of the microfinance industry. We study efficiency of microfinance cooperatives and provide estimates of the optimal size of such organizations. We employ the classical efficiency analysis consisting of estimating a system of equations and identify the optimal size of microfinance cooperatives in terms of their number of clients (outreach efficiency), as well as dollar value of lending and deposits (sustainability). We find that microfinance cooperatives have increasing returns to scale which means that the vast majority can lower cost if they become larger. We calculate that the optimal size is around $100 million in lending and half of that in deposits. We find less robust estimates in terms of reaching many clients with a range from 40,000 to 180,000 borrowers.CITE AS:Hartarska, V., Nadolnyak, D., Shen, X. (2012). Efficiency in Microfinance Cooperatives. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 1 (2): 52-75
Theories of International Relations and the Explanation of Foreign Aid
Authors: Pauselli Gino
Published: October 2017

50 years after the publication of the first and influential article in international relations (IR) analyzing foreign aid motivations, A theory of foreign aid, by Hans Morgenthau, IR scholarship has not yet accomplished a consistent theoretical body explaining international development cooperation. Most of the empirical studies on foreign aid have been contributions from other disciplines, especially economics. Research from the field of international relations has been mostly descriptive or poorly connected with IR paradigms.This article proposes to analyze motivations of foreign aid allocations decisions of donors. These motivations will be examined from the theoretical perspective of the international relations scholarship. In this way, it is sought to contribute, from the discipline of IR, to the explanation of the process in which developed countries make transfers of resources to developing countries.CITE AS:Pauselli, G. (2013). Teorías de relaciones internacionales y la explicación de la ayuda externa. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 2 (1): 72-92
Tourism, gender and development. An ethnic case in Morocco
Authors: Berlanga-Adell María Jesús
Published: October 2017

This article is based on the author’s Ph.D. research on the relationship between tourism and the development it generates in the Berber ethnic group in Aït Haddidou (living in High Atlas mountains of Morocco). This patriarchal and cattle-raising society went through a wide process of transformation in the 1980s, evolving from a subsistence economy to a precarious market economy. The development model the community is following is generating an increase in inequality between men and women, with the women’s loss of power as a consequence. In this context, tourism has become one of the main economic resources. However, it just reinforces this tendency towards the increase in gender inequality, progressively giving more political and economic power to the male community to the detriment of women.CITE AS:Berlanga-Adell, M. J. (2013). Turismo, género y desarrollo. Un caso étnico en Marruecos. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 2 (2): 106-127
Armed Conflict, dispossession of land and the cattle activity: An inquiring between the unofficial testimony and the state numbers in the Department of Meta - Colombia
Authors: Duarte-Rojas Aura María , Cotte-Poveda Alexander
Published: October 2017

This article studies the existent relationship between the armed conflict, the dispossession of land andthe cattle activity in the municipalities of the Department of Meta in Colombia. Through cluster analysis, using regressions and the confrontation of the story of some victims of the armed conflict and the dispossession of land, it is possible to show the main findings of this investigation. The comparison among the diverse results indicates that the cattle activity and the spoil of land are related to the armed conflict. On the other hand, evidence has been found to reveal the relationship between the presence of armed groups, illegal crops and the unsteadiness of this Department’s social and economic development. Due to its effects through the time and its impact on the region, these last factors also affected negatively the social and economic development of each of the municipalities analyzed during the period from 2000 to 2009.CITE AS:Cotte-Poveda, A., Duarte-Rojas, A. M. (2014). Conflicto armado, despojo de tierras y la actividad ganadera: Indagando entre el testimonio no oficial y las cifras estatales en el Departamento del Meta - Colombia. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 3 (1): 32-57
Ideas no construidas | Unbuilt ideas
Authors: Vallespín Muniesa Aurelio
Published: October 2017

Para Hegel el arte es “una emancipación de la idea absoluta”, y “la arquitectura representa los inicios del arte”. Por tanto, nos indica que no podemos entender la una sin la otra. La arquitectura no construida favorece la idealización. Al no existir el objeto final la sugerencia por otros medios abre nuevas vías a interpretaciones, que pueden ser incluso más estimulantes que las ideas iniciales. En este número de la revista Zarch queremos hacer hincapié en esas ideas que no se han construido, pero que han tenido una fuerza tal que han sobrevivido incluso sin haber llegado a construirse.For Hegel art is "an emancipation of absolute ideas" and "architecture represents the start of art". Therefore, this tells us that we cannot understand one without the other. Unbuilt architecture favours idealisation. Since the final object does not exist, the suggestion opens up new ways and interpretations through other means, which can be even more stimulating than the original ideas. In this issue of Zarch magazine we would like to place emphasis on those ideas that have not been built, but which have been powerful enough to survive without actually having been built.
P. SOLOMITA - Pier Luigi Nervi vaulted architecture.Towards new structures
Authors: Molina Mariano
Published: October 2017

PASQUALINO SOLOMITAPier Luigi Nervi vaulted architecture.Towards new structuresBolonia, Bononia University Press, 2015, 252págs.Idioma: inglés. 36 € (tapa blanda)
Las veras de Girona. Laboratorio de diseño y gestión para una Infraestructura Verde Urbana en Girona | Girona’s shores. Design and management laboratory for Green Urban Infrastructure in Girona
Authors: Franch Batllorí Martí
Published: October 2017

Girona - veras es un proyecto territorial de investigación aplicada. Si bien el objeto del proyecto es conocido: mallar una infraestructura verde urbana que valorice, permeabilice, y estructure los bordes urbanos, su método y operativa incorpora diversas experimentaciones disciplinares que se adaptan al contexto económico precario del sur de Europa para proponer un método abierto: • Por un lado una secuencia tempo-espacial invertida que parte de proyectos pilotos con resultados inmediatos y demostrativos que habilitan la factibilidad y adaptabilidad del proyecto. • Por otro, la experimentación con el ‘el diseño de la gestión diferenciada’ como detonante para la valorización de la vera y la emergencia de una nueva estética naturbana socialmente asumible. • Finalmente se propone un organigrama operativo por el cual la los servicios y ‘brigada’ municipal se convierten en conceptores, ejecutores, gestores y multiplicadores del mismo. Esta praxis proyectual y de investigación aplicada es un proceso vivo, abierto y de creciente escala y complejidad. La concepción y ejecución en cortos ciclos recurrentes, permite adaptar y diferir decisiones según los tiempos sociales, políticos o económicos. Y adaptarse significa persistir productivamente. Girona - shores is a territorial, applied research project. Although the objective of the project is known: to mesh a green urban infrastructure that gives value, increases permeability and structures urban borders, the method and operative feature different disciplinary experiments that are adapted to the precarious economic context of southern Europe to propose an open method: • On the one hand a reversed time / space sequence based on pilot projects with immediate, proven results that enable the feasibility and adaptability of the project. • On the other, experimenting with the "differentiated management design" as a trigger for giving value to the Shores and the emergence of a new socially assumable "naturban" aesthetics. • Finally, an operational organisation chart is proposed through which the services and municipal "brigade" become co-concepts, executors, managers and multipliers of it. This project praxis and applied research is a living, open process that grows in scale and complexity. The concept and execution in short recurring cycles permits adaptation and deferring decisions in accordance with social, political or economic moments. Here adaptation means productive persistence.
La construcción del paisaje. Plan Parcial de Urbanización de Lanzarote. 1963.
Authors: Arcaraz Puntonet Jon
Published: October 2017

El viaje en el año 1963 de Fernando Higueras y César Manrique a la isla de Lanzarote reafirmó en ambos su interés por la integración entre paisaje y arquitectura. Esta visión de la arquitectura desde el territorio fue alentada por la vivencia de la isla en la que paisaje, agricultura y arquitectura popular convivían en armonía. Los proyectos que en este viaje pergeñaron desarrollaron la estrategia de la cohesión propia de la cultura popular. El Plan Parcial de Urbanización de Lanzarote incluía tanto el Proyecto de Urbanización de Playa Blanca como el Proyecto de la Ciudad de las Gaviotas en el Risco de Famara y el Proyecto de Urbanización en el Playa de Montana Bermeja. Todos ellos podrían entenderse, en términos artísticos, como el trabajo de una materia de una intensidad concreta en la inmensidad del paisaje. Como resultado, estas actuaciones deben considerarse como un trabajo precursor, que se adelantó a lo que, pocos años más tarde, otros autores, como Robert Smithson o Christo, denominarían Land-Art. La reintegración de las artes a escala territorial no hacía otra cosa que valorar los paisajes características de la geografía habitada. PALABRAS CLAVE: Cohesión. Reintegración de las artes. Territorio. Land-Art. Paisaje. The trip in 1963 of Fernando Higueras and César Manrique to the island of Lanzarote reaffirmed in both their interest in the integration between landscape and architecture. This vision of the architecture from the territory was encouraged by the experience of the island in which landscape, agriculture and popular architecture coexisted in harmony. The projects that in this trip conceived developed the strategy of the cohesion proper to popular culture. The Partial Urbanization Plan of Lanzarote included both the Playa Blanca Urbanization Project as well as the Project of the City of the Gulls at the Famara Risk and the Urbanization Project at the Bermeja Beach. All of them could be understood, in artistic terms, as the work of a matter of a concrete intensity in the immensity of the landscape. As a result, these actions should be considered as pioneering work, which was ahead of what, a few years later, other authors, such as Robert Smithson or Christo, would call Land-Art. The reintegration of the arts on a territorial scale did nothing more than assess the landscapes characteristic of the inhabited geography. KEYWORDS: Cohesion. Reintegration of the arts. Territory. Land-Art. Landscape.
J. PALLASMAA - Habitar
Authors: Antón-Barco María
Published: October 2017

Juhani PallasmaaHabitarBarcelona, Gustavo Gili, 2016, 128 págs.Idioma: castellano. 12 € (tapa blanda)
Identificación de una franja de periferias interiores de escala metropolitana en el sur de Madrid | Identifying a metropolitan inner peripheries set in the South of Madrid
Authors: Kapstein López Paula , Gálvez Huerta Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2017

El trabajo trata sobre la ciudad de escala metropolitana desde la perspectiva de la fragmentación del territorio, revisando el caso del crecimiento sur de Madrid. Esta zona se ha desarrollado rápidamente desde los años sesenta, dándose actualmente en ella la conurbación de ciudades pertenecientes a distintos municipios. Dicha expansión deja sin urbanizar una porción de suelo que separa estas ciudades de Madrid, la que no tiene un uso definido. Por la configuración que tiene esta zona se reconoce como una franja de periferias interiores de escala metropolitana. Se trata de definir su origen y localización. Este análisis se enmarca en el debate teórico sobre los procesos de metropolización de ciudades en regiones urbanas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Metropolización de ciudades, fragmentación territorial, región urbana, Madrid. The article reflects on the city from a territorial fragmentation point of view. The case of the southwards urban growth of Madrid is reviewed. This zone has developed rapidly during the sixties, and nowadays experiences a conurbation of small towns within its vicinity. Such expansion has left undeveloped a strip of land with no defined use in between the involved municipalities that can be defined as a metropolitan scale inner peripheries set. This work seeks to locate it and trace its inception. This analysis is part of the theoretical debate on the processes of metropolisation of cities in urban regions. KEYWORDS: Metropolisation of cities; territorial fragmentation; urban region; Madrid.
Mies van der Rohe: Cuba 1957 - Berlin 1968. Il compimento della “nuova” arte del costruire | Mies van der Rohe: Cuba 1957 - Berlin 1968. The fulfillment of the “new” art of building
Authors: Doimo Martino
Published: October 2017

L’arte del costruire (Baukunst) del nostro tempo trova fondamento nella ricerca di una nuova forma di composizione dei differenti autonomi elementi costruttivo/figurativi, nei quali risulta originariamente frammentata e stratificata: l’elemento plastico murario, che si occupa della fondazione del suolo, come massa stereotomica topograficamente modellata in rapporto alla conformazione del luogo; l’elemento propriamente tettonico della struttura di sostegno del riparo, strettamente riferibile ai procedimenti di montaggio di elementi finiti; l’elemento, portatore di motivi tessili, dell’involucro che dà forma allo spazio interno: pura superficie di rivestimento (Bekleidung) tendente alla smaterializzazione. Questi elementi si sono definiti attraverso un lungo processo di formazione, a partire dalla radicale revisione teorica delle tradizionali categorie tettoniche, nel corso dell’Ottocento. Essi sembrano trovare compimento nell’ultima fase della ricerca miesiana della “nuova” arte del costruire, nel progetto della Halle monumentale per Cuba/Berlin (1957-68).KEYWORDS: Mies van der Rohe; tettonica; spazio; struttura; costruzione; Baukunst.The art of building (Baukunst) of our time is founded on the search of a new kind of composition of different autonomous elements, in which it was originally fragmented and stratified: the plastic masonry element of the earthwork, as a stereotomic, topographic mass, closely related to the specific site; the properly tectonic element of the light carpentry framework/roofwork, largely connected to the rational modularity of assembly technique; the dematerialized element of spatial enclosure, as textile cladding surface: the pure dressing (Bekleidung). These elements have been defined through a long form-giving process, started with the radical nineteenth-century theoretical review of traditional tectonic categories. The same elements seem to reach their fulfillment in the last phase of Mies’ research on the “new” art of building: the project for a monumental Halle in Santiago de Cuba, finally built in Berlin (1957-68).KEYWORDS: Mies van der Rohe; tectonics; space; structure; construction; Baukunst.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN MODUL IPA1TERPADU BERDASARKAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF SISWA1)
Authors: Nuroso Harto , Siswanto Joko
Published: October 2017

Keberhasilan pembelajaran dipengaruhi oleh kesesuaian tingkatberfikir dengan materi yang diajarkan. Permasalahan dalampenelitian ini adalah : (1) bagaimanakah tingkat perkembangankognitif siswa SMP di Kota Semarang ? (2) bagaimanakah desainmodel pengembangan modul IPA Terpadu berdasarkanperkembangan kognitif siswa ?.Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian iniadalah menyelidiki tingkat perkembangan kognitif (kemampuanberpikir abstrak) siswa SMP di Kota Semaran dan) mendesainmodel pengembangan modul IPA Terpadu berdasarkanperkembangan kognitif.Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikanpengetahuan kepada guru IPA untuk menyusun modul berdasarkanperkembangan kogniti dan dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikirantentang pentingnya penyusunan bahan ajar terutama modul yangdisesuaikan berdasarkan perkembangan kognitif siswa.Penelitian iniadalah R & D (Research and Development), dan dilakukan sampaipada mendesain model pengembangan modul berdasarkanperkembangan kognitif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan : (1)perkembangan kognitif (kemampuan berpikir abstrak) siswa-siswiSMP di Kota Semarang (Siswa kelas VII di SMP 10 Semarang, SMP13 Semarang, SMP 14 Semarang dan SMP 20 Semarang) rata-ratamasih rendah, (2) kemampuan berpikir abstrak rendahmenyebabkan siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar IPA, (3) telahberhasil didesain model pengembangan modul IPA Terpaduberdasarkan perkembangan kognitif siswa yang langkah-langkahnyaterdiri dari penentuan mata pelajaran yang menjadi objekpengembangan, analisis kebutuhan modul, penyusunan danpengembangan draft modul IPA Terpadu, tinjauan ahli dan uji coba.
COMPACT DISK ONLINE (CD-O) SEBAGAI MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS PROYEK
Authors: Siswanto Joko
Published: October 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan CD multimediainteraktif yang dapat digunakan secara online (CD-O) padapembelajaran Fisika berbasis proyek dan menganalisa sikap siswaterhadap implementasi CD-O dalam pembelajaran Fisika berbasisproyek.Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan manfaat antara lain dapatmeningkatkan kemampuan peneliti dalam mengembangkan CDmultimedia interaktif yang dapat digunakan secara online (CD-O)pada pembelajaran Fisika berbasis proyek, dapat diketahui sikapsiswa terhadap implementasi CD-O dalam pembelajaran Fisikaberbasis proyek, dan memberikan sumbangan pemikiran kepadadunia pendidikan, yaitu tentang penggunaan CD-O sebagai mediapembelajaran Fisika berbasis proyek.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitianpengembangan. Pada penelitian pengembangan ini memuat tigakomponen yaitu : model pengembangan, prosedur penelitian dan ujicoba produk. Uji produk dilakukan terhadap ahli materi, ahli mediadan uji coba kelompok kecil.Berdasarkan analisa dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwatelah dihasilkan CD-O (Compact Disk- Online) sebagai mediapembelajaran Fisika berbasis proyek yang merupakan mediapembelajaran interaktif. Siswa juga sangat merespon baikpembelajaran menggunakan CD-O, sehingga dapat meningkatkanmotivasi belajar.Kata kunci : CD-O, fisika, proyek
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ARIAS (ASSURANCE, RELEVANCE, INTEREST, ASSESSMENT, SATISFACTION
Authors: Devi Fatma rahma
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment, Satisfaction) pokok bahasan fluida kelas XI IPA semester II SMA Islamic Centre Sultan Fattah Demak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus merupakan rangkaian tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Aktivitas siswa menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 21% yaitu 61% pada siklus I menjadi 82% pada siklus II. Hasil belajar pada siklus I mencapai ketuntasan klasikal 56,52% dengan 13 tuntas belajar, sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 86,96% dengan 20 anak tuntas belajar. Hasil pengamatan kinerja guru dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran ARIAS menunjukkan prosentase 73% pada siklus I dan 93% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran ARIASdapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pokok bahasan fluida kelas XI IPA semester II SMA Islamic Centre Sultan Fattah Demak tahun pelajaran 2011/2012. ?é?á Kata kunci: model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance,Relevance, Interest, Assessment, Satisfaction),hasil belajar.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPAMENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN INKUIRI TERBIMBINGSISWA KELAS VIII SMP AL ?óÔé¼ÔÇ£ ISHLAH TAHUN AJARAN 2011 / 2012
Authors: Prayitno Nugroho Adi
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAK Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA. Berdasarkan pengamatan, sebagian besar siswa kelas VIII?é?á mendapatkan nilai IPA di bawah KKM (70). Setelah diadakan identifikasi masalah maka alternative solusi yang dianggap tepat adalah mempelajari IPA secara kelompok yang heterogen dan tidak terpaku oleh guru?é?á sebagaimana yang dilakukan dalam pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing. Penelitian ini mencoba memecahkan masalah tersebut melalui penelitian tindakan kelas dengan pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing untuk siswa kelas VIII?é?á SMP Al Ishlah Semarang. Peningkatan hasil belajar siklus I dan siklus II dapat dilihat dengan meningkatnya hasil prosentase keaktifan siswa dari 62,038 menjadi 76,25%, meningkatnya hasil prosentase kerjasama siswa dari 52,46% menjadi 72,66%, meningkatnya nilai rata-rata siswa dari 69,05 menjadi 76,00 meningkatnya ketuntasan klasikal dari 55% menjadi 85 %, daan juga meningkatnya hasil kinerja guru dari 70,83% menjadi 81,25%.Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan kompetensi dasar IPA siswa. Temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan guna meningkatkan mutu proses belajar mengajar IPA di sekolah menengah pertama. ?é?á Kata kunci :inkuiri terbimbing, hasil belajar.
Pengembangan Modul IPA Terpadu Terintegrasi Ayat-Ayat Al-Qur’an pada Materi Tata Surya
Authors: Latifah Sri , Ratnasari Ratnasari
Published: October 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa modul IPA Terpadu terintegrasi aya-ayat Al-Qur’an pada materi tata surya sebagai bahan ajar siswa SMP/MTs kelas IX. Masalah pada penelitian ini antara lain, bagaimana mengembangkan modul IPA Terpadu terintegrasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an pada materi tata surya, dan apakah pengembangan modul IPA Terpadu terintegrasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an pada materi tata surya menarik untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan ajar.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development (R & D). Produk yang dihasilkan terkategori sangat baik berdasarkan validasi dari ahli materi dengan presentase skor 85% dan ahli desain dengan skor 85%, serta modul sangat menarik untuk dijadikan bahan ajar berdasarkan penilaian guru memperoleh presentase skor 86%, danrespon siswa pada ujicoba kelompok kecil memperoleh persentase 76% serta ujicoba lapangan memperoleh presentase skor 81%.Kata kunci: Modul IPA Terpadu, Integrasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, Tata Surya.
Pengaruh Penggunaan LKS dengan Pendekatan Saintifik pada Materi Objek IPA dan Pengamatannya terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Kelas VII MTs Negeri 1 Semarang
Authors: Mustika Mustika , Saptaningrum Ernawati , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: October 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan LKS dengan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental design dengan menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MTs Negeri 1 Semarang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 32 siswa kelas VII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 32 siswa kelas VII H sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan sebagai tes hasil belajar IPA adalah 35 butir soal berbentuk pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan uji-t untuk menguji hipotesis yang diajukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil posttest kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan LKS dengan kelas kontrol yang tidak menggunakan LKS, jumlah siswa yang mencapai ketuntasan belajar dengan KKM = 75,00 lebih signifikan pada kelas eksperimen, dan kategori lebih tinggi dalam perhitungan peningkatan ranah soal pada kelas eksperimen. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan LKS dengan pendekatan saintifik pada materi objek IPA dan pengamatannya terhadap hasil belajar IPA.Kata Kunci: Penggunaan LKS, Pendekatan Saintifik, Hasil Belajar IPA
Pengembangan Buku Ajar IPA Fisika Berbasis Proyek SMP Kelas VII Semester I
Authors: Alfiani Wijaya Lylan , Nuroso Harto , Siswanto Joko
Published: October 2017

Abstrak. Salah satu penilaian otentik dalam KTSP adalah berupa tugas proyek yaitu kegiatan penilaian terhadap suatu tugas yang harus diselesaikan dalam waktu tertentu. Pelaksanaan tugas proyek dengan baik di dalam pembelajaran membutuhkan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Akan tetapi, tugas proyek di buku belum spesifik dan tidak bisa digunakan secara mandiri oleh siswa sehingga perlu pengembangan buku ajar berbasis proyek untuk siswa smp kelas VII semester 1. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengembangan buku ajar ipa fisika adalah jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP N 37 Semarang Kelas VII dengan sampel yaitu kelas kontrol di VII H dan kelas eksperimen di VII G. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan yaitu metode tes dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengembangan disimpulkan bahwa perlu dikembangkannya buku ajar IPA FISIKA berbasis proyek untuk siswa SMP kelas VII semester 1 karena belum tersedia di sekolah baik dari guru maupun dari dinas pendidikan. Efektivitas buku ajar berbasis proyek dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan uji t diperoleh data nilai posttest dari kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yaitu nilai thitung sebesar 6,46. Nilai tabel pada dk = 62 dan pada derajat kepercayaan 95% diperoleh sebesar 1,9993. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa thitung > ttabel. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa buku ajar efektif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.Kata kunci : Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, Pengembangan Buku Ajar, IPA FISIKA
Model Pengelolaan Pembelajaran POMER untuk Mengembangkan Bodily Kinesthetic dan Interpersonal Skill Peserta Didik
Authors: Murniati Ngurah Ayu Nyoman , Nuvitalia Duwi , Masrikan Masrikan , Sutardi Sutardi
Published: October 2017

Tantangan zaman membawa pergeseran paradigma pendidikan. Tantangan tersebut menjadi latar belakang utama pergeseran kompetensi peserta didik di sekolah. Pembentukan pribadi yang cerdas, mandiri, bermartabat, dan memiliki kesiapan untuk melakukan kerja menjadi capaian utama pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, inovasi pengelolaan pembelajaran diperlukan dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut. Pengembangan bodily kinesthetic dan interpersonal skill peserta didik dikemas melalui pengelolaan pembelajaran sains (khususnya IPA dan Fisika) dengan model POMER (Planning, Organizing, Maximizing The Potential, Evaluating, Reflecting). Model ini dibangun dan dikembangkan dalam penelitian Research and Development. Hasil validasi ahli menunjukkan model POMER layak digunakan sebagai model pengelolaan pembelajaran sains dengan tingkat kelayakan 83,33%. Hal ini berarti pengelolaan pembelajaran sains dapat ditingkatkan untuk memaksimalkan potensi peserta didik. Model POMER lebih meningkatkan pengembangan potensi kinestetik dan interaktif peserta didik. Potensi kinestetik dapat dikembangkan dalam bodily kinaesthetic skill dan interaktif dapat dikembangkan melalui interpersonal skill. Penelitian direkomendasikan pada guru IPA dan guru Fisika dalam mengemas pembelajaran POMER untuk memaksimalkan potensi peserta didik melalui pengembangan bodily kinesthetic dan interpersonal skill.Kata kunci: Model Pengelolaan Pembelajaran, POMER, bodily kinesthetic dan interpersonal skill
Kepraktisan Model Pembelajaran Investigation Based Multiple Representation (IBMR) dalam Pembelajaran Fisika
Authors: Siswanto Joko , Susantini Endang , Jatmiko Budi
Published: October 2017

This paper presents practicality learning model of IBMR. Its own syntax orientation, investigation, multi representation, aplication, and evaluation. The learning conducted on the fundamental of physics class. At the time of the learning takes place, observations practicality every phase of the learning model IBMR. The results showed that the learning model IBMR has excellent practicality. It shows that every phase of IBMR learning model can be practically implemented
La filosofía científica y los límites de la ciencia
Authors: Romero Gustavo
Published: October 2017

La filosofía científica es filosofía informada por la ciencia, que usa herramientas exactas como la lógica y la matemática, y proporciona a la actividad científica de un marco donde dirimir las cuestiones más generales sobre la naturaleza, el lenguaje que usamos para describirla, y el conocimiento que de ella obtenemos. Muchas teorías de la filosofía científica pueden ser contrastadas y evaluadas utilizando evidencia científica. En este artículo me concentro en caracterizar a la filosofía científica y en discutir los límites de la ciencia.
Pour enseigner le français… en français
Authors: Calvé Pierre
Published: October 2017

Le mot "communication" est sans doute celui qui connaît la plus grande fréquence d'emploi dans notre domaine depuis près d'un quart de siècle. Or, pour qu'il conserve le moindre semblant de crédibilité, ce terme doit se référer non seulement à l'objectif principal de nos programmes de langue seconde, mais aussi aux résultats effectivement obtenus et aux moyens d'y parvenir. Ce n'est qu'au respect de cette triple condition qu'on peut juger de l'efficacité réelle de ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler l'approche communicative.
Interest in and Public Perceptions of Canadian Arctic Sovereignty: Evidence from Editorials, 2000–2014
Authors: Landriault Mathieu
Published: October 2017

The media have been presented as influential actors shaping how Canadians relate to their Arctic and formulating policy recommendations to federal decision-makers. However, media coverage of Canadian Arctic sovereignty (CAS) has not been studied over a long period of time, and anecdotal evidence and specific case studies constitute the bulk of our knowledge of the media's take on CAS. The following article offers a contribution to detail the nature of media perceptions and policy recommendations on Arctic issues. To do so, 647 opinion texts published in 23 different Canadian newspapers were collected to offer both quantitative and qualitative insights. Once compared with fluctuations in public opinion and governmental involvement, we conclude that the media can follow, playing a passive role reacting to (and not preceding) political messaging and current events, and lead, recommending alternative ideas and perceptions, depending on the circumstances.
Bayesian Spatial Models of Crash Frequency at Highway–Railway Crossings
Authors: Guadamuz-Flores Renato , Aguero-Valverde Jonathan
Published: October 2017

Though rare, crashes at highway–railway crossings usually result in severe injuries and fatalities. Intersections along railway corridors share many conditions that support the use of spatial analyses, but so far the spatial effects are essentially unknown. Little research has been conducted about highway–railway crossings using spatial correlation. The study presented in this paper analyzed spatial correlation structures on crash frequency at railway crossings, particularly conditional autoregressive (CAR) and joint specification, with the use of Gaussian Kriging models. Full Bayesian Poisson–lognormal approaches were used to compare the effects of various models, including heterogeneity-only, spatial-only, and heterogeneity–spatial models. These methods were estimated with crash data from a low-speed passenger train service in Costa Rica. The deviance information criterion was used to compare the models. Heterogeneity–CAR models show a better goodness of fit than heterogeneity-only, joint Kriging, and CAR-only definitions. The second-order neighboring model (CAR-2) yielded the best fit and related to an average neighbor distance of about 700 m (0.44 mi). Robust semi-variograms based on joint Kriging models and CAR methods showed similar results. The proportion of variation in the data explained by spatial correlation methods was similar (29% of the total variation). These findings suggest that spatial correlation at highway–railway crossings should be considered in modeling of crash frequencies.
Train Data Collection and Arrival Time Prediction System for Highway–Rail Grade Crossings
Authors: Chen Yifeng , Rilett Laurence R.
Published: October 2017

A key component of the safe and efficient operation of traffic signals near highway–rail grade crossings (HRGCs) is an accurate estimate of a given train's arrival time at each crossing. An improvement in the accuracy and timing of the predicted train arrival would allow for improvements in traffic signal preemption algorithms, which would, in turn, lead to increased driver and pedestrian safety and reduced network delay. This paper introduces a system for train data collection and arrival time prediction at an HRGC that uses real-time data from a combined video–Doppler radar vehicle detection system. Train speed data were collected at a dual-track test bed system in Lincoln, Nebraska. Both kinematic equation–based and multiple linear regression models were developed and used to predict train arrival time at the HRGC. The best models, according to average absolute errors (AAE), were identified. On average, regression models were more accurate than kinematic models by approximately 13%. As detection time increased, AAEs of both the kinematic and regression models decreased. In addition, the confidence intervals about mean prediction errors were obtained with a bootstrap method. The average prediction errors of the regression models were approximately 50% smaller than the kinematic models, all else being equal.
Synthesis of North American High-Speed Passenger Rail Ridership Forecasting
Authors: Sperry Benjamin R.
Published: October 2017

This paper presents a synthesis of two decades of ridership forecasts developed for proposed high-speed intercity passenger rail (HSR) routes in various stages of development across North America. A comprehensive database of ridership forecasts consisted of 210 ridership estimates from 43 unique intercity corridors. Analysis of the database revealed that increasing the maximum operating speed of the HSR service increased ridership, and a simple multiple linear regression model yielded demand elasticities that were consistent with values reported in published rider-ship studies. Regarding the impacts of HSR on the broader transportation system, this synthesis found that the mode share of HSR as well as the percentage of airline trips diverted to HSR services increased as the maximum speed of the system increased. The percentage of induced trips and the percentage of automobile trips diverted to HSR did not vary significantly with speed. Whereas this synthesis provides a starting point for a broader discussion about the importance of ridership forecasting in the development of the U.S. HSR network, each intercity corridor being considered for HSR service is unique, and market-specific ridership studies should be undertaken to identify the various ridership and other metrics necessary for service development. Improvements to the forecasting process, including greater transparency in the forecasting metrics reported as well as post facto evaluation of the ridership forecast against actual passenger traffic, would benefit the entire HSR service development process.