bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiation-balanced silica fiber laser
Authors: Knall J. , Engholm M. , Boilard T. , Bernier M. , Vigneron P.-B. , Yu N. , Dragic P. D. , Ballato J. , Digonnet M. J. F.
Published: May 2021

In optically pumped lasers, heat generated by the quantum defect causes
detrimental fluctuations in the output mode, frequency, and power.
Common heat-mitigation techniques use bulky mechanical coolers that
introduce vibrations, leading to laser frequency and amplitude noise.
Here, we present a radiation-balanced fiber laser, optically cooled by
anti-Stokes fluorescence (ASF). The gain medium is a silica fiber with
a 21-µm-diameter core doped with 2.06 wt. %

Y
b

3
+

and co-doped with

A
l

2

O

3

and F- to reduce concentration
quenching. The laser was core-pumped at 1040 nm to create both gain at
1065 nm and ASF cooling at atmospheric pressure. We demonstrate a
maximum output power of 114 mW with a slope efficiency of 41% while
maintaining near-zero average temperature change. This result could
enable the development of fiber lasers with unprecedented coherence
and stability.
6  GHz hyperfast rotation of an optically levitated nanoparticle in vacuum
Authors: Jin Yuanbin , Yan Jiangwei , Rahman Shah Jee , Li Jie , Yu Xudong , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2021

We report an experimental observation of a record-breaking ultrahigh rotation frequency about 6 GHz in an optically levitated nanoparticle system. We optically trap a nanoparticle in the gravity direction with a high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens, which shows significant advantages in compensating the influences of the scattering force and the photophoretic force on the trap, especially at intermediate pressure (about 100 Pa). This allows us to trap a nanoparticle from atmospheric to low pressure (

10

−
3

  
Pa

) without using feedback cooling. We measure a highest rotation frequency about 4.3 GHz of the trapped nanoparticle without feedback cooling and a 6 GHz rotation with feedback cooling, which is the fastest mechanical rotation ever reported to date. Our work provides useful guides for efficiently observing hyperfast rotation in the optical levitation system and may find various applications such as in ultra-sensitive torque detection, probing vacuum friction, and testing unconventional decoherence theories.
Intermittent dynamical state switching in discrete-mode semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback
Authors: Zhong Zhuqiang , Chang Da , Jin Wei , Lee Min Won , Wang Anbang , Jiang Shan , He Jiaxiang , Tang Jianming , Hong Yanhua
Published: May 2021

Intermittent dynamics switching on the route to chaos in a discrete-mode laser with long time-delayed feedback is experimentally and numerically studied by analyzing the time series, power spectra, and phase portraits. The results show two types of dynamics switching: one or multiple times regular intermittent dynamics switching between stable state and square-wave envelope period-one oscillation within one feedback round time, and the irregular intermittent dynamics switching between stable state and quasi-periodic or multi-states or chaos with higher feedback ratio and bias currents. The relationship between the duty cycle of period-one oscillation and the feedback ratio has been analyzed. The map of the dynamics distribution in the parameter space of feedback ratio and bias current is plotted for a better understanding of dynamics evolution in long external cavity discrete-mode lasers.
The growth factor BMP11 is required for the development and evolution of a male exaggerated weapon and its associated fighting behavior in a water strider
Authors: Toubiana William , Armisén David , Viala Séverine , Decaras Amélie , Khila Abderrahman
Published: May 2021

Exaggerated sexually selected traits, often carried by males, are characterized by the evolution of hyperallometry, resulting in their disproportionate growth relative to the rest of the body among individuals of the same population. While the evolution of allometry has attracted much attention for centuries, our understanding of the developmental genetic mechanisms underlying its emergence remains fragmented. Here we conduct comparative transcriptomics of the legs followed by an RNA interference (RNAi) screen to identify genes that play a role in the hyperallometric growth of the third legs in the males of the water striderMicrovelia longipes. We demonstrate that a broadly expressed growth factor, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 11 (BMP11, also known as Growth Differentiation Factor 11), regulates leg allometries through increasing the allometric slope and mean body size in males. In contrast,BMP11RNAi reduced mean body size but did not affect slope either in the females ofM.longipesor in the males and females of other closely relatedMicroveliaspecies. Furthermore, our data show that a tissue-specific factor, Ultrabithorax (Ubx), increases intercept without affecting mean body size. This indicates a genetic correlation between mean body size and variation in allometric slope, but not intercept. Strikingly, males treated withBMP11RNAi exhibited a severe reduction in fighting frequency compared to both controls andUbxRNAi-treated males. Therefore, male body size, the exaggerated weapon, and the intense fighting behavior associated with it are genetically correlated inM.longipes. Our results support a possible role of pleiotropy in the evolution of allometric slope.
Potential geographic distribution of the tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae) in current and future conditions for Colombia
Authors: Echeverry-Cárdenas Emmanuel , López-Castañeda Carolina , Carvajal-Castro Juan D. , Aguirre-Obando Oscar Alexander
Published: May 2021

In Colombia, little is known on the distribution of the Asian mosquitoAedes albopictus, main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika in Asia and Oceania. Therefore, this work sought to estimate its current and future potential geographic distribution under the Representative Concentration Paths (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5 emission scenarios by 2050 and 2070, using ecological niche models. For this, predictions were made in MaxEnt, employing occurrences ofA.albopictusfrom their native area and South America and bioclimatic variables of these places. We found that, from their invasion of Colombia to the most recent years,A.albopictusis present in 47% of the country, in peri-urban (20%), rural (23%), and urban (57%) areas between 0 and 1800 m, with Antioquia and Valle del Cauca being the departments with most of the records. Our ecological niche modelling for the currently suggests thatA.albopictusis distributed in 96% of the Colombian continental surface up to 3000 m (p < 0.001) putting at risk at least 48 million of people that could be infected by the arboviruses that this species transmits. Additionally, by 2050 and 2070, under RCP 2.6 scenario, its distribution could cover to nearly 90% of continental extension up to 3100 m (≈55 million of people at risk), while under RCP 8.5 scenario, it could decrease below 60% of continental extension, but expand upward to 3200 m (< 38 million of people at risk). These results suggest that, currently in Colombia,A.albopictusis found throughout the country and climate change could diminish eventually its area of distribution, but increase its altitudinal range. In Colombia, surveillance and vector control programs must focus their attention on this vector to avoid complications in the national public health setting.
Genome-wide identification of 5-methylcytosine sites in bacterial genomes by high-throughput sequencing of MspJI restriction fragments
Authors: Anton Brian P. , Fomenkov Alexey , Wu Victoria , Roberts Richard J.
Published: May 2021

Single-molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing can easily identify sites of N6-methyladenine and N4-methylcytosine within DNA sequences, but similar identification of 5-methylcytosine sites is not as straightforward. In prokaryotic DNA, methylation typically occurs within specific sequence contexts, or motifs, that are a property of the methyltransferases that “write” these epigenetic marks. We present here a straightforward, cost-effective alternative to both SMRT and bisulfite sequencing for the determination of prokaryotic 5-methylcytosine methylation motifs. The method, called MFRE-Seq, relies on excision and isolation of fully methylated fragments of predictable size using MspJI-Family Restriction Enzymes (MFREs), which depend on the presence of 5-methylcytosine for cleavage. We demonstrate that MFRE-Seq is compatible with both Illumina and Ion Torrent sequencing platforms and requires only a digestion step and simple column purification of size-selected digest fragments prior to standard library preparation procedures. We applied MFRE-Seq to numerous bacterial and archaeal genomic DNA preparations and successfully confirmed known motifs and identified novel ones. This method should be a useful complement to existing methodologies for studying prokaryotic methylomes and characterizing the contributing methyltransferases.
Examining intentions to take iron supplements to inform a behavioral intervention: The Reduction in Anemia through Normative Innovations (RANI) project
Authors: Sedlander Erica , Long Michael W. , Bingenheimer Jeffrey B. , Rimal Rajiv N.
Published: May 2021

Background

More than half of women of reproductive age in India have anemia. Over the last decade, India has made some progress towards reducing anemia in pregnant women, but non-pregnant women, who make up the largest sub group of people with anemia, are largely disregarded.

Objectives

The objective of this paper is to examine intentions to take iron supplements and factors associated with intentions to inform a social norms-based behavioral intervention to increase uptake of iron supplements and reduce anemia in Odisha, India.

Methods

We collected data from 3,914 randomly sampled non-pregnant women of reproductive age in 81 villages. We conducted a survey and took hemocue (anemia level) readings from each participant. We analyzed data using linear regression models beginning with demographics and social norms and adding other factors such as self-efficacy to take iron supplements, anemia risk perception, and knowledge about anemia in a subsequent model.

Results

63% of women in our sample were anemic but less than 5% knew they were anemic. Despite national guidelines that all women of reproductive age should take weekly iron supplements to prevent anemia, less than 3% of women in our sample were currently taking them. While actual use was low, intentions were rather high. On a five point Likert scale where higher numbers meant more intentions to take supplements, average intentions were above the midpoint (M= 3.48,SD= 1.27) and intentions and iron supplement use were significantly correlated (r= .10,p< .001). Both injunctive norms and collective norms were associated with intentions to take iron supplements but descriptive norms were not. Other significant factors included age, breastfeeding, knowledge, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations. The final model accounted for 74% of the variance in iron supplement intentions.

Conclusions

In this context, where the actual behavior is low but intentions to enact the behavior are high, starting an intervention with injunctive norms messaging (expectations around the behavior) and self-efficacy to enact the behavior is the step we recommend based on our results. As an intervention unfolds and iron supplement use increases, descriptive norms messaging (that people are indeed taking iron supplements) may add value.
Recognizing oneself in the encounter with others: Meaningful moments in systemic therapy for social anxiety disorder in the eyes of patients and their therapists after the end of therapy
Authors: Hilzinger Rebecca , Duarte Javiera , Hench Barbara , Hunger Christina , Schweitzer Jochen , Krause Mariane , Fischersworring Martina
Published: May 2021

There is evidence that systemic therapy is effective, but there is little evidence about meaningful moments in systemic therapy in general, and none at all in systemic therapy for social anxiety disorders. Meaningful moments are one of the relevant research objects in change process research, as they contribute to a better understanding of therapeutic change.

Objective

The objective of this study is to characterize and describe meaningful moments in the context of systemic psychotherapy, from the point of view of patients and their therapists, after the end of therapy. The therapy studied is a manualized, monitored systemic therapy for social anxiety disorder.

Method

Semi-structured follow-up interviews were conducted separately with five patients and their therapists (N = 10). Methodological triangulation was used: Grounded theory was used to code the transcripts as described by Charmaz. Then the passages of the selected code “meaningful moment” were evaluated using thematic comparison, in line with Meuser & Nagel.

Findings

Three categories involving meaningful moments were identified: (1) meeting other patients in group therapy session, (2) therapeutic resource orientation and (3) recognizing oneself in a diagnosis or pattern of behaviour. These categories emerged as contexts related to the occurrence of meaningful moments from a subjective perspective.

Discussion

Meaningful moments seem to be consistently related to the therapist input and to specific interventions or settings, both from the perspective of the patients and the therapists. Two tandems each described a coincident moment. One central aspect of all 14 moments is that the patients and therapists described patients being able to acquire another outlook on themselves.
P38 mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor improves platelet in vitro parameters and in vivo survival in a SCID mouse model of transfusion for platelets stored at cold or temperature cycled conditions for 14 days
Authors: Skripchenko Andrey , Gelderman Monique P. , Vostal Jaroslav G.
Published: May 2021

Platelets for transfusion are stored at room temperature (20–24°C) up to 7 days but decline in biochemical and morphological parameters during storage and can support bacterial proliferation. This decline is reduced with p38MAPK inhibitor, VX-702. Storage of platelets in the cold (4–6°C) can reduce bacterial proliferation but platelets get activated and have reduced circulation when transfused. Thermocycling (cold storage with brief periodic warm ups) reduces some of the effects of cold storage. We evaluated in vitro properties and in vivo circulation in SCID mouse model of human platelet transfusion of platelets stored in cold or thermocycled for 14 days with and without VX-702. Apheresis platelet units (N = 15) were each aliquoted into five storage bags and stored under different conditions: room temperature; cold temperature; thermocycled temperature; cold temperature with VX-702; thermocycled temperature with VX-702. Platelet in vitro parameters were evaluated at 1, 7 and 14 days. On day 14, platelets were infused into SCID mice to assess their retention in circulation by flow cytometry. VX-702 reduced negative platelet parameters associated with cold and thermocycled storage such as an increase in expression of activation markers CD62, CD63 and of phosphatidylserine (marker of apoptosis measured by Annexin binding) and lowered the rise in lactate (marker of increase in anaerobic metabolism). However, VX-702 did not inhibit agonist-induced platelet aggregation indicating that it does not interfere with platelet hemostatic function. In vivo, VX-702 improved initial recovery and area under the curve in circulation of human platelets infused into a mouse model that has been previously validated against a human platelet infusion clinical trial. In conclusion, inhibition of p38MAPK during 14-days platelet storage in cold or thermocycling conditions improved in vitro platelet parameters and platelet circulation in the mouse model indicating that VX-702 may improve cell physiology and clinical performance of human platelets stored in cold conditions.
CESCR: CP-ABE for efficient and secure sharing of data in collaborative ehealth with revocation and no dummy attribute
Authors: Edemacu Kennedy , Jang Beakcheol , Kim Jong Wook
Published: May 2021

With the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies, there is a growing transformation of healthcare systems. A patient’s health data can now be centrally stored in the cloud and be shared with multiple healthcare stakeholders, enabling the patient to be collaboratively treated by more than one healthcare institution. However, several issues, including data security and privacy concerns still remain unresolved. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) has shown promising potential in providing data security and privacy in cloud-based systems. Nevertheless, the conventional CP-ABE scheme is inadequate for direct adoption in a collaborative ehealth system. For one, its expressiveness is limited as it is based on a monotonic access structure. Second, it lacks an attribute/user revocation mechanism. Third, the computational burden on both the data owner and data users is linear with the number of attributes in the ciphertext. To address these inadequacies, we propose CESCR, a CP-ABE for efficient and secure sharing of health data in collaborative ehealth systems with immediate and efficient attribute/user revocation. The CESCR scheme is unbounded, i.e., it does not bind the size of the attribute universe to the security parameter, it is based on the expressive and non-restrictive ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) access structure, and it securely outsources the computationally demanding attribute operations of both encryption and decryption processes without requiring a dummy attribute. Security analysis shows that the CESCR scheme is secure in the selective model. Simulation and performance comparisons with related schemes also demonstrate that the CESCR scheme is expressive and efficient.
Is minor surgery safe during the COVID-19 pandemic? A multi-disciplinary study
Authors: Baboudjian Michael , Mhatli Mehdi , Bourouina Adel , Gondran-Tellier Bastien , Anastay Vassili , Perez Lea , Proye Pauline , Lavieille Jean-Pierre , Duchateau Fanny , Agostini Aubert , Wazne Yann , Sebag Frederic , Foletti Jean-Marc , Chossegros Cyrille , Raoult Didier , Touati Julian , Chagnaud Christophe , Michel Justin , Bertrand Baptiste , Giovanni Antoine , Radulesco Thomas , Sartor Catherine , Fournier Pierre-Edouard , Lechevallier Eric
Published: May 2021

Background

To assess the risk of postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

The CONCEPTION study was a cohort, multidisciplinary study conducted at Conception University Hospital, in France, from March 17th to May 11th, 2020. Our study included all adult patients who underwent minor surgery in one of the seven surgical departments of our hospital: urology, digestive, plastic, gynecological, otolaryngology, gynecology or maxillofacial surgery. Preoperative self-isolation, clinical assessment using a standardized questionnaire, physical examination, nasopharyngeal RT‐PCR and chest CT scan performed the day before surgery were part of our active prevention strategy. The main outcome was the occurrence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection within 21 days following surgery. The COVID-19 status of patients after discharge was updated during the postoperative consultation and to ensure the accuracy of data, all patients were contacted again by telephone.

Results

A total of 551 patients from six different specialized surgical Departments in our tertiary care center were enrolled in our study. More than 99% (546/551) of included patients underwent a complete preoperative Covid-19 screening including RT-PCR testing and chest CT scan upon admission to the Hospital. All RT-PCR tests were negative and in 12 cases (2.2%), preoperative chest CT scans detected pulmonary lesions consistent with the diagnosis criteria for COVID-19. No scheduled surgery was postponed. One patient (0.2%) developed a SARS-CoV-2 infection 20 days after a renal transplantation. No readmission or COVID-19 -related death within 30 days from surgery was recorded.

Conclusions

Minor surgery remained safe in the COVID-19 Era, as long as all appropriate protective measures were implemented. These data could be useful to public Health Authorities in order to improve surgical patient flow during a pandemic.
A comparative analysis of important public clinical trial registries, and a proposal for an interim ideal one
Authors: Venugopal Nisha , Saberwal Gayatri
Published: May 2021

Background

It is an ethical and scientific obligation to register each clinical trial, and report its results, accurately, comprehensively and on time. The WHO recognizes 17 public registries as Primary Registries, and has also introduced a set of minimal standards in the International Standards for Clinical Trial Registries (ISCTR) that primary registries need to implement. These standards are categorized into nine sections—Content, Quality and Validity, Accessibility, Unambiguous Identification, Technical Capacity, Administration and Governance, the Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS), Partner registries and Data Interchange Standards. This study compared the WHO’s primary registries, and the US’s ClinicalTrials.gov, to examine the implementation of ISCTR, with the aim of defining features of an interim ideal registry.

Methods and findings

The websites of the 18 registries were evaluated for 14 features that map to one or more of the nine sections of ISCTR, and assigned scores for their variations of these features. The assessed features include the nature of the content; the number and nature of fields to conduct a search; data download formats; the nature of the audit trail; the health condition category; the documentation available on a registry website; etc. The registries received scores for their particular variation of a given feature based on a scoring rationale devised for each individual feature analysed. Overall, the registries received between 27% and 80% of the maximum score of 94. The results from our analysis were used to define a set of features of an interim ideal registry.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify the widely divergent quality of the primary registries’ compliance with the ISCTR. Even with this limited assessment, it is clear that some of the registries have much work to do, although even a few improvements would significantly improve them.
Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
Authors: Jin Yongmei , Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Du Yingrong , Liu Jun , Bai Jingsong , Yang Yongrui
Published: May 2021

Background

In the context of scaling up free antiretroviral therapy (ART), healthcare equality is essential for people living with HIV. We aimed to assess socioeconomic-related inequalities in uptake of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving ART, including retention in care in the last six months, routine toxicity monitoring, adequate immunological and virological monitoring, and uptake of mental health assessment in the last 12 months. We also determined the contributions of socioeconomic factors to the degree of inequalities.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among consecutive clients visiting an HIV treatment center in Kunming, China in 2019. Participants were 702 people living with HIV aged ≥18 years (median age: 41.0 years, 69.4% male) who had been on ART for 1–5 years. Socioeconomic-related inequality and its contributing factors were assessed by a normalized concentration index (CIn) with a decomposition approach.

Results

The uptake of mental health assessment was low (15%) but significantly higher among the rich (CIn 0.1337, 95% CI: 0.0140, 0.2534). Retention in care, toxicity, and immunological monitoring were over 80% but non-significant in favor of the rich (CIn: 0.0117, 0.0315, 0.0736, respectively). The uptake of adequate virological monitoring was 15% and higher among the poor (CIn = -0.0308). Socioeconomic status positively contributed to inequalities of all care indicators, with the highest contribution for mental health assessment (124.9%) and lowest for virological monitoring (2.7%).

Conclusions

These findings suggest virological monitoring and mental health assessment be given more attention in long-term HIV care. Policies allocating need-oriented resources geared toward improving equality of continuous care should be developed.
Vegetative traits can predict flowering quality in Phalaenopsis orchids despite large genotypic variation in response to light and temperature
Authors: van Tongerlo Evelien , van Ieperen Wim , Dieleman Janneke A. , Marcelis Leo F. M.
Published: May 2021

Phalaenopsis is an economically important horticultural ornamental, but its growth is slow and costly. The vegetative cultivation phase is long and required to ensure sufficient plant size. This is needed to develop high quality flowering plants. We studied the effects of temperature (27 or 31 °C) and light intensity (60 or 140 μmol m-2 s-1) on plant growth and development during the vegetative cultivation phase in two experiments, with respectively 19 and 14 genotypes. Furthermore, the after-effects of treatments applied during vegetative growth on flowering traits were determined. Increasing light intensity in the vegetative phase accelerated both vegetative plant growth and development. Increasing temperature accelerated vegetative leaf appearance rate, but strongly reduced plant and root biomass accumulation when temperatures were too high. Flowering was greatly affected by treatments applied during vegetative growth, and increased light and temperature increased number of flower spikes, and number of flowers and buds. Genotypic variation was large in Phalaenopsis, especially in traits related to flowering, thus care is needed when generalising results based on a limited number of cultivars. Plant biomass and number of leaves during vegetative growth were positively correlated with flowering quality. These traits can be used as an early predictor for flowering capacity and quality of the final product. Additionally, this knowledge can be used to improve selection of new cultivars.
Monthly pork price forecasting method based on Census X12-GM(1,1) combination model
Authors: Wang Chuansheng , Sun Zhihua
Published: May 2021

Background

In recent years, the price of pork in China continues to fluctuate at a high level. The forecast of pork price becomes more important. Single prediction models are often used for this work, but they are not accurate enough. This paper proposes a new method based on Census X12-GM(1,1) combination model.

Methods

Monthly pork price data from January 2014 to December 2020 were obtained from the State Statistics Bureau(Mainland China). Census X12 model was adopted to get the long-term trend factor, business cycle change factor and seasonal factor of pork price data before September 2020. GM (1,1) model was used to fit and predict the long-term trend factor and business cycle change factor. The fitting and forecasting values of GM(1,1) were multiplied by the seasonal factor and empirical seasonal factor individually to obtain the fitting and forecasting values of the original monthly pork price series.

Results

The expression of GM(1,1) model for fitting and forecasting long-term trend factor and and business cycle change factor was X(1)(k) = −1704.80e−0.022(k−1) + 1742.36. Empirical seasonal factor of predicted values was 1.002 Using Census X12-GM(1,1) method, the final forecast values of pork price from July 2020 to December 2020 were 34.75, 33.98, 33.23, 32.50, 31.78 and 31.08 respectively. Compared with ARIMA, GM(1,1) and Holt-Winters models, Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of Census X12-GM(1,1) method was the lowest on forecasting part.

Conclusions

Compared with other single model, Census X12-GM(1,1) method has better prediction accuracy for monthly pork price series. The monthly pork price predicted by Census X12-GM(1,1) method can be used as an important reference for stakeholders.
Ampelomyces strains isolated from diverse powdery mildew hosts in Japan: Their phylogeny and mycoparasitic activity, including timing and quantifying mycoparasitism of Pseudoidium neolycopersici on tomato
Authors: Németh Márk Z. , Mizuno Yuusaku , Kobayashi Hiroki , Seress Diána , Shishido Naruki , Kimura Yutaka , Takamatsu Susumu , Suzuki Tomoko , Takikawa Yoshihiro , Kakutani Koji , Matsuda Yoshinori , Kiss Levente , Nonomura Teruo
Published: May 2021

A total of 26Ampelomycesstrains were isolated from mycelia of six different powdery mildew species that naturally infected their host plants in Japan. These were characterized based on morphological characteristics and sequences of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) regions and actin gene (ACT) fragments. Collected strains represented six different genotypes and were accommodated in three different clades of the genusAmpelomyces. Morphology of the strains agreed with that of otherAmpelomycesstrains, but none of the examined characters were associated with any groups identified in the genetic analysis. Five powdery mildew species were inoculated with eight selectedAmpelomycesstrains to study their mycoparasitic activity. In the inoculation experiments, allAmpelomycesstrains successfully infected all tested powdery mildew species, and showed no significant differences in their mycoparasitic activity as determined by the number ofAmpelomycespycnidia developed in powdery mildew colonies. The mycoparasitic interaction between the eight selectedAmpelomycesstrains and the tomato powdery mildew fungus (Pseudoidium neolycopersicistrain KTP-03) was studied experimentally in the laboratory using digital microscopic technologies. It was documented that the spores of the mycoparasites germinated on tomato leaves and their hyphae penetrated the hyphae ofPs.neolycopersici.Ampelomyceshyphae continued their growth internally, which initiated the atrophy of the powdery mildew conidiophores 5 days post inoculation (dpi); caused atrophy 6 dpi; and complete collapse of the parasitized conidiphores 7 dpi.Ampelomycesstrains produced new intracellular pycnidia inPs.neolycopersiciconidiophoresca. 8–10 dpi, whenPs.neolycopersicihyphae were successfully destroyed by the mycoparasitic strain. Mature pycnidia released sporesca. 10–14 dpi, which became the sources of subsequent infections of the intact powdery mildew hyphae. Mature pycnidia contained eachca. 200 to 1,500 spores depending on the mycohost species andAmpelomycesstrain. This is the first detailed analysis ofAmpelomycesstrains isolated in Japan, and the first timing and quantification of mycoparasitism ofPs.neolycopersicion tomato by phylogenetically diverseAmpelomycesstrains using digital microscopic technologies. The developed model system is useful for future biocontrol and ecological studies onAmpelomycesmycoparasites.
Leadership, religiousness, state ownership of an enterprise and unethical pro-organizational behavior: The mediating role of organizational identification
Authors: Gigol Tomasz
Published: May 2021

This study proposes a model in which organizational identification mediates the correlations among state-owned enterprises (SOEs), authentic leadership, Christian religiousness, and unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). The proposed theoretical framework is based on moral identity theory, social identity theory, and social exchange theory. We tested the hypothesized model using data (N  =  389) from employees of various companies and industries in Poland. Of the respondents, 49.1% worked in SOEs. The reliability and validity of the measures were established. The correlation coefficients among the analyzed variables were obtained using the bootstrap confidence interval method. To thoroughly examine the causal relationships among the variables, covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was adopted. Path analysis was conducted and used to verify a model in which organizational identification mediated the correlations among state involvement in the ownership of an enterprise, authentic leadership, Christian religiousness, and UPB. State involvement in the ownership of an enterprise, authentic leadership, and Christian religiousness were linked to increased organizational identification, which in turn was linked to the intensification of UPB. With the level of organizational identification controlled, state ownership of an enterprise was linked to lower UPB intensity. Limitations, implications and future research directions are discussed.
Savoring the present: The reciprocal influence between positive emotions and positive emotion regulation in everyday life
Authors: Colombo Desirée , Pavani Jean-Baptiste , Fernandez-Alvarez Javier , Garcia-Palacios Azucena , Botella Cristina
Published: May 2021

A growing body of research has investigated the regulation of negative emotions in ecological settings, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying positive emotion regulation in everyday life. Although some evidence suggests that adopting positive strategies is beneficial for emotional well-being, the literature is inconsistent about the effects of positive emotions on subsequent regulatory processes. In the present study, we adopted a two-week ecological momentary assessment to explore the association between positive emotions and positive emotion regulation in daily life. According to our results, the less individuals felt positive emotions at one point, the more they tended to enhance their use of positive strategies from this time to the next, which in turn resulted in subsequent higher levels of positive emotions. This prototype of positive regulation can be seen as a highly adaptive mechanism that makes it possible to compensate for a lack of positive emotions by enhancing the deployment of positive strategies. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
A Ran-binding protein facilitates nuclear import of human papillomavirus type 16
Authors: Lai Kun-Yi , Rizzato Matteo , Aydin Inci , Villalonga-Planells Ruth , Drexler Hannes C. A. , Schelhaas Mario
Published: May 2021

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) utilize an atypical mode of nuclear import during cell entry. Residing in the Golgi apparatus until mitosis onset, a subviral complex composed of the minor capsid protein L2 and viral DNA (L2/vDNA) is imported into the nucleus after nuclear envelope breakdown by associating with mitotic chromatin. In this complex, L2 plays a crucial role in the interactions with cellular factors that enable delivery and ultimately tethering of the viral genome to mitotic chromatin. To date, the cellular proteins facilitating these steps remain unknown. Here, we addressed which cellular proteins may be required for this process. Using label-free mass spectrometry, biochemical assays, microscopy, and functional virological assays, we discovered that L2 engages a hitherto unknown protein complex of Ran-binding protein 10 (RanBP10), karyopherin alpha2 (KPNA2), and dynein light chain DYNLT3 to facilitate transport towards mitotic chromatin. Thus, our study not only identifies novel cellular interactors and mechanism that facilitate a poorly understood step in HPV entry, but also a novel cellular transport complex.
Infection of humanized mice with a novel phlebovirus presented pathogenic features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: Xu Shijie , Jiang Na , Nawaz Waqas , Liu Bingxin , Zhang Fang , Liu Ye , Wu Xilin , Wu Zhiwei
Published: May 2021

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne emerging phlebovirus with high mortality rates of 6.0 to 30%. SFTSV infection is characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemorrhage and multiple organ failures. Currently, specific therapies and vaccines remain elusive. Suitable small animal models are urgently needed to elucidate the pathogenesis and evaluate the potential drug and vaccine for SFTSV infection. Previous models presented only mild or no pathogenesis of SFTS, limiting their applications in SFTSV infection. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a small animal model for the investigation of SFTSV pathogenesis and evaluation of therapeutics. In the current report, we developed a SFTSV infection model based on the HuPBL-NCG mice that recapitulates many pathological characteristics of SFTSV infection in humans. Virus-induced histopathological changes were identified in spleen, lung, kidney, and liver. SFTSV was colocalized with macrophages in the spleen and liver, suggesting that the macrophages in the spleen and liver could be the principle target cells of SFTSV. In addition, histological analysis showed that the vascular endothelium integrity was severely disrupted upon viral infection along with depletion of platelets. In vitro cellular assays further revealed that SFTSV infection increased the vascular permeability of endothelial cells by promoting tyrosine phosphorylation and internalization of the adhesion molecule vascular endothelial (VE)–cadherin, a critical component of endothelial integrity. In addition, we found that both virus infection and pathogen-induced exuberant cytokine release dramatically contributed to the vascular endothelial injury. We elucidated the pathogenic mechanisms of hemorrhage syndrome and developed a humanized mouse model for SFTSV infection, which should be helpful for anti-SFTSV therapy and pathogenesis study.
THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM STRESS ON MICRO-ANATOMICAL PROFILE OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Fitrianto Nur , Samiyarsih Siti , Fauziah Dede Winda Nur , Lestari Sri
Published: May 2021

Chromium contamination can affect morphological, physiological, and anatomical changes, especially in chili vegetative organs. This research aims to understand micro-anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of chili subjected to chromium stress. The aim of the research is to know whether there is a micro-anatomical character difference between contaminated and uncontaminated chromium. The experimental methods using a completely randomized design (CRD). The independent variable is five levels of chromium concentration, i.e., 0; 50; 100; 200; and 300 ppm. The method of preparing anatomical preparations of the stem using a non-embedding and embedding method. The parameters observed in root and stem are organ diameter, xylem, thick of epidermis, and cortex. In contrast, leaf organ parameter includes thick cuticle, epidermis, mesophyll, stomata size (length and width), and stomatal number. The research results showed that organ anatomical structure, i.e., root, stem, and leaf in chromium stress condition did not change. Chromium deposition causes a decrease in root diameter, xylem, thick cortex roots, stem diameter, xylem, the thickness of the epidermis and cortex, leaf epidermal thickness, mesophyll, size of stomata width and number. In contrast, the chromium stress causes an increase in the thickness of the root epidermis (43,18%), cuticle thickness (36,36%), and leaf stomata length (33,33%) of chili as chromium concentrations increase. The anatomical structure of chili leaves changes after being contaminated chromium stress.
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KOMPOSISI SPESIES MAKROALGA LAUT PADA TIPOLOGI PANTAI YANG BERBEDA DI KAWASAN PESISIR GUNUNGKIDUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sartika Dwi , Chasani Abdul Razaq , Ningrum Ajeng Meidya , Nafiah Septi Lutfiatun , Cahyani Septy Wulan
Published: May 2021

Makroalga laut merupakan alga makroskopis yang dapat dijumpai di daerah intertidal kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul D.I. Yogyakarta, terdiri dari makroalga hijau (Chlorophyceae), coklat (Phaeophyceae), dan merah (Florideophyceae). Kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul terdiri dari deretan pantai dengan berbagai tipologi sehingga keanekaragaman jenis makroalga lautnya akan berbeda pada tipologi pantai yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies makroalga laut pada tipologi pantai yang berbeda di kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul D.I. Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan September 2019 hingga Februari 2020 menggunakan metode purposive sampling, kemudian dilakukan pengawetan awetan basah dan identifikasi di Laboratorium Sistematika Tumuhan Fakultas Biologi UGM. Perbandingan komposisi spesies dianalisis berdasarkan Indeks Kesamaan Sorensen. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan 37 spesies yang tergolong kedalam 28 genus, 19 family dan 10 ordo, Makroalga laut di wilayah pesisir Gunungkidul di dominasi oleh kelas Florideophyceae dengan persentase kehadiran spesies 43,37% (18 spesies); kelas Chlorophyceae 28,95% (10 spesies); dan Phaeophyceae 23,68% (9 spesies). Komposisi spesies makroalga laut di kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang tinggi (>0,5) walaupun hidup di tipologi pantai yang berbeda. Persamaan tertinggi ditemukan pada makroalga laut yang hidup di pantai dengan tipologi subaerial dan marine deposition coast.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERNATANT EXTRACT AND VIABILITY OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS KM16 AND PSEUDOMONAS SPP. IN FISH FEED AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST AQUACULTURE PATHOGENS
Authors: Magdalena Stella , Kristanti Brenda , Yogiara Yogiara
Published: May 2021

The use of biocontrol agent in aquaculture is being adapted as an effective alternative to antibiotics which can lead to the elaboration of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and confer unpleasant impacts to aquatic organisms. Aquatic bacteria have been discovered as biocontrol agents and potential probiotic candidates to improve the health of aquatic organisms, feed efficiency, and disease resistance to aquaculture pathogens. However, local isolate has not intensively been explored and used to increase aquaculture sector productivity. Therefore, this research aimed to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations of their antibacterial compounds against aquaculture pathogens and to characterize aquatic bacteria by their viability in the feed. Four isolates from several aquatic environments in Indonesia (Pseudomonas sp. S1.1, Pseudomonas sp. S1.2, Pseudomonas sp. SL1.1, and Bacillus subtilis KM16) were used to characterize of antibacterial compound and to determine the viability in feed. Ethyl acetate extracts from all isolates showed better antibacaterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio vulnificus than chloroform and dichloromethane extracts, in which ethyl acetate extract from Bacillus subtilis KM16 showed the strongest antibacterial activity. Pseudomonas spp. were more effective against V. vulnificus (40 mg/mL) and Bacillus subtilis KM16 was more effective against A. hydrophila (20 mg/mL), as proved by the minimum inhibitory concentrations of their ethyl acetate extracts. In this research, Bacillus subtilis KM16 had stable viability in feed than Pseudomonas sp. isolates.
EKSPRESI Hsa-miR-22-3p PADA URIN PASIEN BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH) SEBAGAI BIOMARKER NON INVASIF
Authors: Prasetyo Angga Dwi
Published: May 2021

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of prostate diseases with highest prevalence rates men in the world. Benign Prostate Hyperplasia are caused by many factors, such as disorders of androgen receptors, mutations genes, age, epigenetics and environment. Detection BPH in the form of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Transurethral Resection Of Prostate (TURP) and Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) which is invasive in the patient. MicroRNAs in urine eksosomes can be used to detect BPH with non-invasive to patients. This study aims to determine the potential expression of Hsa-miR-22-3p in eksosomal urine samples of BPH as a non-invasive biomarker. This was an observational cross sectional analytic study. Urine samples were obtained from dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta and dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro hospital. Furthermore, eksosomes isolation, RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and quantification with qRT-PCR. Based on the results, it is known that Hsa-miR-22-3p decreased expression as much as 29.54 times in BPH, there were significant differences between samples of BPH and normal samples (P = 0.001). Thus Hsa-miR-22-3p has potential as a biomarker in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.
COMPOSITION AND QUANTIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS PRODUCED BY Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5
Authors: Fathoni Ahmad , Ilyas Muhammad , Praptiwi Praptiwi , Kamal Andi Saptaji , Hafid Lukman , Marlina Lina , Agusta Andria
Published: May 2021

Asam lemak mempunyai nilai guna komersial sebagai suplemen makanan, produk farmasi dan sumber energi terbarukan. Sumber asam lemak sebagian berasal dari hewan, tumbuhan, dan jamur endofit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan dan komposisi asam lemak dari jamur endofit  Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5. Asam lemak didapatkan dari fraksi n-heksana yang dihasilkan dari partisi ekstrak etil asetat Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 dengan n-heksana: metanol (1:1). Turunan FAME (Fatty acid methyl ester) dari asam lemak didentifikasi dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Kandungan asam lemak dari fraksi n-heksana Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 adalah 26,39% (b/b) ekstrak kering. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan GC-MS. Komposisi dan kuantifikasi asam lemak Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 adalah asam linoleat (41,177%; 112,24 mg/L); asam palmitat (25,114%; 68,45 mg/L); asam oleat (14.198%; 38,70 mg/L);  asam stearat (6,575%; 17,2 mg/mL); dan asam palmitoleat 2,165%; 5,90 mg/mL). Persentase asam lemak jenuh dan tidak jenuh berturut-turut adalah 31,69 and 57,54%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jamur endofit Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 berpotensi sebagai sumber asam lemak tidak jenuh. Penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama dari asam lemak yang diproduksi oleh Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5.
Tree- and stand-scale factors shape the probability of wind damage to birch in hemiboreal forests
Authors: Kitenberga Māra , Šņepsts Guntars , Vuguls Jānis , Elferts Didzis , Jaunslaviete Ieva , Jansons Āris
Published: May 2021

Strong wind is the major natural disturbance in European forests, that periodically causes tremendous damages to forestry. Yet, factors that affect the probability of wind damage for birch ( Roth and Ehrh.), the most common deciduous tree species in hemiboreal forests, are studied scarcely. This study aimed to assess the effects of several tree- and stand-scale variables on the probability of wind damage to birch using data from the Latvian National Forest Inventory (2004â2018), and determine individual tree characteristics that affect the height of the stem breakage. The data analysis was done using the Bayesian binary logistic generalized linear mixed-effects model and a linear mixed-effects model. The probability of wind damage significantly increased by stand age, basal area, and slenderness ratio. Trees with prior damage had a significantly higher probability (odds ratio 4.32) for wind damage. For wind-damaged trees, the snapping height was significantly decreased by an increase in the slenderness ratio (â=â0.03) and prior damage (â=â0.003). Previously damaged trees were more frequently (73%) snapped in the lowest 40% of tree height than trees without prior damage (54%). The probability of wind damage is largely set by factors related to the selection of site, species composition, and rotation. The damage probability could be decreased by management measures that lower competition within the stand with particular regard to preserving intact remaining trees during these manipulations. Factors that reduce the probability of the damage simultaneously increase the snapping height, emphasizing their relevance for mitigation of the wind damages.Betula pendulaB. pubescenspp