bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive men
Authors: Vukolova Yu. Yu. , Gubareva E. Yu. , Gubareva I. V. , Germanova O. A. , Kiseleva G. I.
Published: October 2024

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is involved in lipid metabolism, has local and systemic effects in immunoregulation and atherogenesis in hypertensive patients.

Aim. To personalize cardiovascular risk (CVR) stratification taking into account the diagnostic value of PCSK9 and inflammatory markers in men with hypertension and carotid atherosclerosis.

Material and methods. The study included 162 males with stage I-III hypertension of various CVR. All patients underwent collection of complaints and medical history, physical examination with anthropometry. The following laboratory test were performed: complete blood count with white blood cell differential and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, assessment of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, serum creatinine level. Glomerular filtration rate and microalbuminuria were also evaluated. Serum PCSK9, interleukins-8, 10 (IL-8, 10) were determined by enzyme immunoassay. In addition, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, extracranial artery ultrasound with determination of intima-media thickness and carotid stenosis severity were performed. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to PCSK9 level.

Results. Analysis of conventional cardiovascular factors and cytokine status (IL-8 and IL-10) in patients showed an inverse relationship between age and IL-8 (r=-0,230; p=0,036), IL-8/IL-10 (r=-0,309; p=0,005); heredity and IL-8/IL-10 (r=-0,423; p=0,001). There were following relationships between CVR factors and PCSK9: direct relationship between men's age (r=0,220, p=0,032), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r=0,230, p=0,033; r=0,260, p=0,015) and PCSK9; inverse relationship between PCSK9 and heredity (r=-0,286, p=0,011). C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were associated with IL-10 levels, which are associated with anti-inflammatory activity (r=0,78; p=0,02; r=0,78; p=0,02, respectively). The IL-8/IL-10 cytokine imbalance was most pronounced in patients with a night-peaker 24-hour systolic blood pressure profile (p=0,02). Patients with intima-media thickening and plaques had a highest level of PCSK9 (p=0,006). IL-8 levels were significantly higher with unchanged intima-media thickness (p=0,01).

Conclusion. In patients with high levels of PCSK9, there is a close relationship between risk factors for hypertension and cytokine imbalance. The severity of extra­cranial artery atherosclerosis significantly depends on the increase in the levels of PCSK9 (p=0,006) and inflammatory markers (IL-10) (p=0,044).
Impact of COVID-19 on pro- and antiatherogenic lipoproteins (cross-sectional population study)
Authors: Sadovnikov P. S. , Kyznetsova Yu. A. , Golchina P. S. , Gurevich V S.
Published: October 2024

Aim. The aim of this cross-sectional retrospective study was to study the effect of SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 infection on population lipid parameters, which are leading risk factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which can be significantly distorted in systemic inflammation and, in particular, during respiratory viral infections.

Material and methods. We analyzed anonymized results of one-time, one-year studies of complete lipid profiles and related laboratory parameters performed in the Helix Laboratory Service from February 1, 2015 to December 30, 2020 in 238541 males and 384437 females aged from 22 to 83 years in 334 populated areas of the European Russia using Roche Cobas C502, C702 (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany), LIAISON XL (DiaSorin S.p.A, Italy) analyzers.

Statistical analysis included methods of descriptive statistics, distribution analysis, sample comparisons, and search for dependencies.

Results. A dramatic change in the magnitude and nature of seasonal population fluctuations in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) during the COVID-19 spread has been identified.

COVID-19 differentially affects the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins. These relationships have sex differences, are nonlinear, and in relation to HDL-C are associated with the level of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 antibodies.

Up to a hsCRP level of 2,5 mg/l, there is a significant increase in population levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with a correlation coefficient of 0,14 for women (p<0,001) and 0,10 for men (p<0,001). At hsCRP levels >2,5 mg/l, the trend reverses. At the same time, HDL-C levels sharply decrease with a negative correlation of -0,23 (p<0,001) in women and -0,22 (p<0,001) in men with hsCRP values <2,5 mg/l, followed by a less pronounced decline.

Conclusion. The study results may be useful for optimal prevention development and adequate assessment of atherogenic dyslipidemia treatment effectiveness in patients after COVID-19.
Transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting of coronary arteries after prior orthotopic heart transplantation: a case report
Authors: Bapinaev A. A. , Bapinaeva A. A. , Tkhabisimova I. K. , Kogotizhev A. R.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Today, heart failure (HF) is the most common natural outcome of diseases that are not diagnosed and treated in time. Despite the advances in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, orthotopic heart transplantation is a generally recognized gold standard for the treatment of end-stage heart failure.

Brief description. The article describes a 55-year-old male patient admitted to the Cardiology Dispensary (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic) with a clinical picture of non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Earlier in 2017, the patient underwent orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) for end-stage HF due to dilated cardiomyopathy. Hypertension was registered 2,5 years after surgery, and clinical manifestations of HF were registered for 5 years. In 2024, coronary angiography revealed subtotal stenosis of 95% in the middle segment of the anterior descending artery. Intraoperatively, the consensus assessed the risk and made a decision on surgical endovascular treatment of the stenosis. The postoperative period was uneventful.

Discussion. The presented case is an example of timely diagnosis of coronary artery disease in a transplanted heart and successful transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting of the anterior descending artery.
Clinical features of acute coronary syndrome associated with spontaneous coronary artery dissection in women: a case series
Authors: Nedbaeva D. N. , Aseeva A. S. , Zhiduleva E. V. , Mineeva E. V. , Yakovlev A. N. , Kukharchik G. A.
Published: October 2024

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is defined as a spontaneous dissection of the coronary artery wall that occurs independently of atherosclerosis, percutaneous coronary intervention, or mechanical trauma. Its distinctive feature is high prevalence in young women. This condition is associated with pregnancy and hormonal changes. A number of risk factors have been identified, including vascular pathology (most commonly fibromuscular dysplasia), other hereditary connective tissue disorders, systemic inflammatory diseases, migraine, and thyroid diseases. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of the pathophysiological relationship remain to be elucidated, and risk factors cannot be identified in all patients, indicating the complex and incompletely understood nature of the disease. The present article presents a case series on the development of SCAD in women and a review of the predisposing factors for the disease.
Hip replacement in a heart transplant patient: a case report
Authors: Tkhatl L. K. , Tatarintseva Z. G. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Barbukhatti K. O.
Published: October 2024

Solid organ transplantation is considered the most effective treatment for endstage heart, lung, pancreatic, liver, and kidney diseases. The increasing number of transplants performed, and long-term survival of recipients have contributed to an increase in the diagnostic rate of non-transplant-related diseases.

Heart transplant patients are at increased risk of complications when undergoing elective or emergency surgery. We report a case of hip replacement in a young man after orthotopic heart transplantation.
Association of novel biomarkers of systemic inflammation with atherosclerosis and its severity
Authors: Shvarts V. A. , Talibova S. M. , Sokolskaya M. A. , Ispiryan A. Yu. , Shvarts E. N. , Petrosyan A. D. , Merzlyakov V. Yu. , Skopin A. I. , Donakanyan S. A.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To compare the levels of novel biomarkers of systemic inflammation in pati­ents with and without atherosclerosis, as well as between groups of patients with atherosclerosis of different severity.

Material and methods. Patients with suspected coronary artery disease after selective coronary angiography were included. The analysis included 901 patients with mean age of 61±10 years (men, 60% (n=549)). The patients were divided into two following groups: with and without atherosclerosis. The Propensity Score Matching method was used to adjust for baseline clinical differences.

Results. In the group with atherosclerosis, the values of the systemic inflam­mation response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and ag­gregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) were significantly higher than in patients without atherosclerosis: 0,906 (0,632; 1,36) vs 0,745 (0,519; 1,02), p<0,001; 457 (350; 641) vs 425 (313; 547), p=0,005 and 233 (148; 346) vs 179 (121; 263), p<0,001, respectively. ROC analysis showed the following threshold values of the studied parameters: for SIRI >1,05, area under the curve (AUC) confidence interval (CI) — 0,615 (0,571-0,658), p<0,001, sensitivity — 42,6%, specificity — 77,3%; for SII >368, AUC CI — 0,572 (0,528-0,616), p=0,004, sensitivity — 72,1%, specificity — 43,4%; for AISI >248, AUC CI — 0,604 (0,560-0,647), p<0,001, sensitivity 47,4%, specificity 71,1%. SIRI had the highest AUC. When comparing 6 groups according to the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) classification, significant differences were found in SIRI and AISI, p<0,001 and p=0,0016, respectively. However, these differences did not have a logical pattern.

Conclusion. Novel markers of systemic inflammation (SIRI, SII and AISI) were significantly higher in patients with confirmed atherosclerosis than in patients without it. There are following threshold levels associated with atherosclerosis: for SIRI >1,05, for SII >368, for AISI >248.
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of the generic and original dabigatran etexilate after a single dose in healthy volunteers
Authors: Vasilyuk V. B. , Faraponova M. V. , Verveda A. B. , Syraeva G. I. , Vikharev Yu. B. , Popov A. V. , Kovalenko A. L.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the comparative pharmacokinetics and confirmation of bioequivalence of the generic (T) and original (R) dabigatran etexilate in healthy volunteers after a single oral dose under fasted conditions.

Material and methods. To confirm bioequivalence, an open-label, randomized, replication, crossover, four-step study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of generic and original dabigatran with a single oral dose 150 mg dabigatran etexilate under fasted conditions in adult healthy male and female volunteers. Sixty-eight subjects participated in the study. During the study, blood plasma samples were taken from volunteers, in which the concentration of total and free dabigatran was determined. Based on the data obtained, pharmacokinetic and statistical analysis was carried out and 90% confidence intervals were calculated for the ratio of mean pharmacokinetic parameters (Сmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, AUCt-∞, T1/2, AUCt-∞/AUC0-∞) for total and free dabigatran.

Results. The established 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Cmax values for total dabigatran were 82,56-96,36% (mean ratio, 89,19%), 82,39-95,90% (mean ratio, 88,89%) and 85,98-99,17% (mean ratio, 92,34%), respectively. The established 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Сmax values for free dabigatran were 83,37-98,29% (mean ratio, 90,53%), 82,98-97,33% (mean ratio, 89,87%) and 85,04-99,28% (mean ratio, 91,88%), respectively. For the estimated pharmacokinetic parameters of dabigatran etexilate, 90% confidence intervals ranged from 80-125% for AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Cmax. Additional safety analysis was carried out. Generic and original dabigatran were well tolerated by the volunteers. There were no significant differences in vital signs, paraclinical characteristics throughout the study compared with the initial data, as well as significant differences between the drugs in all studied parameters of adverse events.

Conclusion. The study showed that generic and original dabigatran are bio­equivalent. In addition, the data obtained indicate that the agents have similar safety profiles.
Plano Social Teórico do Trânsito da Situação de Rua: Analisando Componentes Principais da Variação Quantitativa de Pessoas em Situação de Rua no Distrito Federal no ano 2023
Authors: Castro Hernany Gomes de
Published: October 2024

O estudo explora a variação quantitativa de pessoas em situação de rua (PSR) nas regiões administrativas (RA) do Distrito Federal (DF) no ano 2023. O problema proposto é sobre quais efeitos as políticas públicas e outras ações do Estado geram sobre a variação quantitativa de PSR. O objetivo consiste em identificar os possíveis efeitos das políticas públicas, mapeando cada uma das ações em particular. Utilizou-se o método de Análise de Componentes Principais para analisar os dados, além do software requalify de Inteligência Artificial. Resultados: 1) o grupo de renda média alta apresenta maior intolerância do que os demais, 2) o grupo de média alta renda apresenta maior intolerância do que os de média baixa e baixa renda, embora menor do que o de alta renda, como maior rejeição em relação aos demais; 3) o grupo de média baixa renda apresenta maior tolerância e menor rejeição do que os de alta e média alta renda, embora menor tolerância e maior rejeição do que o grupo de baixa renda; 4) o grupo de renda baixa apresenta maior tolerância e menor rejeição do que os demais. Os resultados sugerem que, 1) a posição das regiões administrativas no plano teórico da variação quantitativa das pessoas em situação de rua difere segundo a renda da população, 2) rendas mais altas convergem com o aumento da intolerância e da rejeição em relação à PSR, 3) rendas mais baixas convergem com o aumento da tolerância e redução da rejeição em relação à PSR.
Environmental impacts of mechanically stabilised earth walls
Authors: Lee M. , Basu D.
Published: October 2024

Mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) walls have gained widespread popularity in North America because of their cost-effectiveness and reliable performance. Although the use of carbon-intensive materials for MSE walls is significantly lower compared to conventional retaining walls like concrete gravity walls and cantilever walls, heavy earthwork and transportation activities are involved in the construction of MSE walls, which increase their carbon footprint. The intensity of construction and transportation activities need particular attention because these are heavily reliant on the combustion of fossil fuels. In this study, the environmental impacts of MSE walls, reinforced by two common types — steel strips and geogrid — are quantified using life cycle assessment (LCA). A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of (i) soil properties, (ii) material properties of reinforcement, (iii) applied load, (iv) design parameters, and (v) hauling distances of materials on the global warming impact of MSE walls. Based on the study, reference charts are developed for the purpose of quick estimation of global warming impact of MSE walls based on design dimensions, applied load, and site conditions.
Regional approaches to agricultural enterprises management in the context of the “Foodnet” national food market formation
Authors:   Ural State Economic University, Pyankova Svetlana G. , Ergunova Olga T. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Zhukovskii Andrei D. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the authors summarized the positions of foreign and domestic researchers regarding the strategic management of the national food market for the production and consumption of agricultural products. Objectives: to analyze the transformation of the national food market and to identify trends in the further formation and development of the national Foodnet market in the context of digitalization and ensuring food security of the Russian regions. Methods: interviewing top management of leading participants in the Russian regional Foodnet market. Results: the study presents data on the cast value of the main segments of the global and national food markets. Three scenarios were identified that are likely to be implemented in the process of transformation of agricultural sector of the Russian regions. The research results demonstrate that key players in agriculture are focused on maintaining high autonomy in agriculture. Conclusions: the empirical study showed that the most important factors in the transformation of strategic management in the Foodnet sector, according to respondents, are the digitalization of agriculture, government policy, the macro- and microenvironment of the businesses in changing geopolitical situation and intensive shifts that have created a new reality of national food security.
Patients with temporomandibular disorders and chronic pain of myofascial origin display reduced alpha power density and altered small-world properties of brain networks
Authors: Ito Clara Hikari , Campbell Fernanda Queirós , Montoya Pedro , Santana Jamille Evelyn Rodrigues Souza , Sá Katia Nunes , Fonseca André , Benevides Silvia Damasceno , Zana Yossi , Lopes Tiago da Silva , Baptista Abrahão
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is one of the most common symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Although its pathophysiology is still a challenge, TMD has been associated with changes in central nervous system activity related to pain modulatory capacity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the cortical activity of patients with temporomandibular disorders and chronic pain of myofascial origin using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) in different mental states. METHOD: This study consists of a cross-sectional study. Individuals with TMD and chronic pain and healthy controls were evaluated using qEEG in four consecutive conditions, all with closed eyes: 1) initial resting condition; 2) non-painful motor imagery task of hand movement; 3) painful motor imagery task of clenching the teeth; 4) final resting condition. RESULTS: Participants with TMD and chronic pain overall presented decreased alpha power density during baseline at rest, non-painful and painful motor imagery tasks when compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, functional brain connectivity was distinct between groups, with TMD and chronic pain showing lower small-world values for the delta (all conditions), theta (painful and non-painful motor imagery task), and alpha bands (painful motor imagery task), and an increase in the beta band (all conditions). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that TMD and chronic pain could be associated with maladaptive plasticity in the brain, which may correspond to a reduced ability to modify brain activity during different mental tasks, including painful and non-painful motor imagery.
Effect of elevated CEA levels on the outcome of colorectal cancer patients with different histopathologic types:A SEER population-based study
Authors: Sheng Siqi , Bai Xiaoming , Wang Yiting , Feng Haimei , Chen Jie , Chen Yitian , Huang Mengxi , Lei Zengjie , Chu Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2024

Limited and contradictory evidence has been reported regarding the prognostic effects of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on the prognosis and metastasis of classical adenocarcinoma (CA), mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA), and signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We investigated the associations between histological subtypes and preoperative serum CEA levels in determining the oncologic outcomes of CRC patients. A total of 47,692 patients with clearly diagnosed CRC were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and divided into two cohorts based on serum CEA levels: CEA-normal (C0) and CEA-elevated (C1). Chi-square analysis revealed a correlation between CEA levels and histological classification. We then included a newly defined interaction variable (H&CEA) in the Cox regression analysis, which demonstrated that this variable could serve as an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001). CA, in the context of elevated serum CEA levels, differed from the other two histopathological types, showing unexpectedly higher risks for both overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.65–1.75, P < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.72–1.85, P < 0.001). Furthermore, elevated CEA levels significantly increased the proportion of liver metastases in the CA group (25.43% vs 3.95%, P < 0.001). The interaction variable H&CEA can be used as an independent prognostic factor for CRC and should be considered in the diagnosis of CRC and the development of personalized treatment plans. Additionally, in the context of elevated CEA levels, CA is associated with poor prognosis and increased liver metastases. This CRC subgroup warrants special clinical attention from oncologists.
ÇANAKKALE YÖRESİ TAHTACI TÜRKMENLERİNDE TÖREN, KUTLAMA VE BAYRAM
Authors: Çil Gürkan
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma Çanakkale yöresindeki Tahtacı Türkmenlerinin tören, kutlama ve bayram inanç ve pratiklerini konu edinmektedir. Tahtacıların birçok kültürel kodu içinde barındıran ve senkretik bir yapıya sahip topluluklar olduğunu, bununla birlikte zengin bir yaşam tarzını ifade ettiğini söyleyebiliriz. Çanakkale yöresindeki Tahtacı Türkmenleri’nin konu edindiğimiz başlıklarda benzer topluluklardan ayrıldığı noktaların olduğunu görmekteyiz. Sahip oldukları inanç temelini yüzyıllar boyunca nasıl devam ettirdiklerine dair cevaplarla hem sahada hem literatürde karşılaştığımızı söylemek mümkündür. Çalışmamız Çanakkale yöresindeki Tahtacı Türkmen kimliğinin sahip olduğu inanç bağlamında, yaşam döngüsü içerisinde geçirdiği tören, kutlama ve bayram pratiklerine bakıldığında “cem” olgusunun ve bu olgunun sahip olduğu temeli açıklamaktadır. Cem’in kökenine nasıl ve kimler tarafından gerçekleştirildiğine, çeşitlerine Tahtacı Türkmen kimliğinin tarihsel gelişimi içerisinde inanç örüntüsü entegrasyonunu bakımından nereden bulunduğunu açıklarken sosyo-kültürel pratikler ve bu pratiklere yüklenen kültürel anlam kodlarını görmekteyiz.
O QUE OS ADOLESCENTES ACESSAM NA INTERNET? UM ESTUDO SOBRE USOS DE SMARTPHONES NA ESCOLA
Authors: Viana Silva Laila Gardênia , Campos Barbosa Ana Cecília , Boa Sorte Paulo
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo apresenta um recorte de pesquisa desenvolvida com adolescentes sobre as interações realizadas em smartphones nos momentos de intervalo escolar. O aparato ganhou espaço na sociedade e circula entre pessoas de diferentes gerações, contribuindo para a produção de novos sentidos e revolucionando as formas de interação com o próximo e com o mundo. Dentro e fora da escola, é comum observarmos a importância do dispositivo digital entre os adolescentes a partir de olhares concentrados e tempo dedicado às telas em mãos, conectados ao mundo por meio de diferentes possibilidades de interação. Por meio de abordagem qualitativa, o estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de discussões no campo das tecnologias, comunicação (SANTAELLA, 2007; LEMOS, 2007) e cultura da convergência (JENKINS, 2009), além da aplicação de questionário on-line com estudantes adolescentes matriculados no primeiro ano dos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio no IFS - Campus São Cristóvão, no primeiro semestre letivo de 2019. Neste artigo, apresentamos resultados relativos aos interesses desses alunos frente às funcionalidades e possibilidades dos smartphones em diálogo com o contexto escolar.
INCLUSÃO E RELAÇÃO COM O SABER: SENTIDOS E SABERES DE ALUNOS COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS
Authors: Alves Novais Souza Adriana , Da Silva Veleida Anahi , Santos Souza Rita de Cacia
Published: October 2024

A teoria da relação com o saber tem norteado diversos pesquisadores na análise das relações estabelecidas pelo sujeito na aquisição do saber. Numa perspectiva que se opõe ao paradigma da reprodução social, em que alunos de classes populares tendem ao fracasso escolar; o autor aponta para situações em que ocorre o oposto e propõe compreender que relações esse aluno estabelece que o levam a um ou outro resultado. Neste artigo, abordamos uma modalidade ainda pouco explorada em pesquisas de relação com o saber: a educação especial na perspectiva inclusiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, tendo como método a análise documental, cujo objetivo é compreender como a teoria de Charlot tem subsidiado pesquisas que tratam desse alunado. Após busca em banco de teses e dissertações da Capes, encontram-se apenas oito trabalhos que correlacionam relação com o saber e educação especial, dos quais selecionaram-se cinco, cujo foco está na relação do sujeito aluno. A análise das pesquisas apontou para a relevância dos resultados obtidos naquelas que se fundamentaram não apenas teoricamente, mas, principalmente, empiricamente na abordagem charlotiana.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O PORTFÓLIO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Nass Isabelle Rittes , Zucolotto Marcele Pereira da Rosa
Published: October 2024

Este estudo busca evidenciar o portfólio como importante instrumento de avaliação da aprendizagem de estudantes em qualquer nível de ensino. Objetivou-se trazer elementos teóricos para uma problematização do portfólio como instrumento avaliativo. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de cunho teórico e descritivo, que percorreu algumas discussões sobre os processos da avaliação tradicional, bem como considerações sobre o emprego do portfólio nos processos educacionais. A partir disso, pôde-se apontar algumas dificuldades que se apresentam na adoção deste instrumento, como a falta de envolvimento dos discentes e sobrecarga dos docentes. Contudo, os resultados também demonstraram o potencial desse instrumento para o estímulo da consciência reflexiva e autonomia do estudante sobre seu próprio aprendizado. Concluiu-se que o portfólio traz a possibilidade de uma avaliação crítica, formativa e potencializadora da própria aprendizagem.
UNA PROPUESTA PARA MEJORA DE LAS COMPETENCIAS DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DEL GRADO DE HISTORIA Y LOS TRABAJOS DE FIN DE GRADO
Authors: MARQUES HEITOR Romero , Ripoll Rafal Ravina , Parada Mercedes Fernández
Published: October 2024

Este artículo da a conocer la actividad diseñada para que el alumnado del Grado de Historia mejore sus competencias para la realización de los Trabajos de Fin de Grado (TFG). Se estructura en cuatro apartados. El primer apartado, la introducción, define los objetivos que se persiguen. El segundo presenta la normativa referida a los TFGs. El tercero explica por qué hemos elegido la Biblioteca Digital Hispánica para que los alumnos-as realicen la tarea. En el cuarto exponemos en qué consiste la actividad, analizamos cómo se ha puesto en práctica con los estudiantes de dicha titulación de la Universidad de Málaga y los resultados de la misma. Finaliza con las conclusiones más relevantes, cabe destacar que la actividad ha resultado útil para la mejora de las competencias de alumnado.
Immunological tolerance in breast cancer: some reasons for development
Authors: Kayukova E. V. , Bolotov E. S.
Published: October 2024

Immunological tolerance is one of the reasons for the development and progression of malignant tumors. The tumor immune cycle regulates the normal antitumor immune response, and it’s disruption is responsible for the development of immunological tolerance. This article provides a review of russian and foreign literature published in databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane, eLibrary in the last 5 years, focusing on the emergence of immunological tolerance in breast cancer from the perspective of disrupted regulation of tumor immune cycle phases: expression of antigens on the surface of tumor cells, cancer antigen presentation, priming and activation T cells, immune infiltration of the tumor site, recognition, and elimination of tumor cells. Understanding the mechanisms underlying tumor immune cycle disruption is important for identifying new immunopathogenetic links in the development of breast cancer, as well as identifying targets to improve the effectiveness of therapy for advanced breast cancer.
Molecular mechanisms of novel selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist action in breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhidkova E. M. , Maksimova V. P. , Grigoreva D. D. , Shirinian V. Z. , Yakubovskaya M. G. , Lesovaya E. A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Glucocorticoids (GC) are widely used in breast cancer (BC) therapy to reduce the side effects of cytostatic drugs and may exhibit antiproliferative effects on luminal BC cells. The biological action of GC is mediated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) by two mechanisms: transrepression, which determines the therapeutic effect of GC, and transactivation (associated with the development of side effects, resistance to cytotoxic drugs, cancer progression and metastasis). Selective GR agonists (SEGRA) which may selective activate transrepression are a promising alternative to GC to use in combination cancer therapy. One of the most studied SEGRA is Compound A (CpdA). The instability of CpdA limits its use in clinical practice. So recently we performed synthesis and evaluation of biological activities of the CpdA analogue, CpdA-03.Aim. To compare the effects of SEGRA CpdA-03 and CpdA and dexamethasone on proliferative activity of breast cancer cells, as well as receptor nuclear translocation and activation of GR-dependent genes in breast cancer cells.Materials and methods. Luminal (MCF-7) and triple negative (MDA-MB-231) BC cell lines were used. The effect of CpdA-03 on proliferation was evaluated by direct counting of viable cells with trypan blue staining. The effect of the compound on cell distribution by cell cycle phases was assessed by flow cytofluorimetry with propidium iodide staining. Changes in the expression of GR-dependent genes after incubation with CpdA-03 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the ability of the new SEGRA to induce transactivation-associated translocation of the receptor to the nucleus was evaluated by Western blotting.Results. CpdA-03 was shown to suppress proliferation of luminal and triple negative BC cells. This compound causes changes in the expression of a number of GC-inducible genes, but does not stimulate GR phosphorylation and translocation to the nucleus in BC cells.Conclusion. The observed suppression of cell proliferation, as well as the ability of CpdA-03 to reduce gene expression of proteins regulating intercellular adhesion and cell migration, intracellular signaling, stress response, and transcription in BC cells makes it relevant for further development of the drug for use in the combination therapy of cancers including breast cancer.
Parameters of oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics in students with different types of autonomic reactivity while performing cognitive tasks
Authors: Taleeva Anna I. , Zvyagina Natalya V. , Karyakina Olga E. , Popov Nikolay V. , Zotikova Tatyana V.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: At the current state of human development, with the high rates of knowledge accumulation and accelerated social and technical evolution, studying the psychophysiological features of cognitive activity within a limited time is essential.
AIM: To examine oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics parameters in students with different types of autonomic reactivity while performing cognitive tasks.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 110 students of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (mean age, 19.0±0.5 years). To identify specific features of cognitive activity in various timing conditions, the type of autonomic nervous system reactivity was determined. Eye movements were tracked when solving cognitive tasks at various timing conditions. A rheoencephalogram was simultaneously recorded to assess cerebral hemodynamics. The efficiency of cognitive activity was assessed in various timing conditions with consideration of the identified individual typological features.
RESULTS: The participants demonstrated different efficiency levels of cognitive activity when performing cognitive tasks at various timing conditions. Students with a sympathetic-tone type of autonomic reactivity revealed the most efficient and rapid processing of visual information under a time-constraint setting owing to the presence of a more stable relationship between oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics parameters. Participants with parasympathetic-tone reactivity showed the lowest success rates in cognitive activity and the least stable relationships between oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics.
CONCLUSIONS: Young individuals with different types of autonomic reactivity exhibited general and specific alterations in cerebral hemodynamics and oculomotor activity when performing cognitive tasks under a time-constraint setting. They showed different efficiency levels of cognitive activity. Thus, human cognitive abilities under stress depend on the reactivity type of the nervous system. The specific changes in oculomotor reactions and cerebral hemodynamics parameters may be considered success markers of cognitive activity. The most successful cognitive activity under limited time conditions is ensured with a more stable statistical relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and oculomotor activity parameters. This is reflected in a stable factor model of visual cognitive activity, regardless of time limitations.
Mastery of Common Core Standards to Determine Student Progression Rather than Age
Authors:   , Rupp Galen , Bach Craig N.
Published: October 2024

This study investigates primary teachers' and elementary principals' perspectives on alternatives to the traditional model of student progression in school and whether these options may improve the acquisition of skills needed for advancing into upper grades. Primary mastery of basic skills is essential to learning; however, with rigorous federal and state guidelines and standards, many school districts continue moving students through grade levels without the students attaining imperative foundational knowledge. The literature review examines the history of student progression in American schools and how today's intentionally scaffolded and developmentally designed standards do not fit the education model of the mid-19th century. Alternatives to the conventional model for education reviewed in the study include multi-age classrooms, mastery learning, and competency-based learning. Research questions developed using a qualitative phenomenological approach focus on gathering teacher and administrator perceptions of age-based education and how it impacts the diverse learners in the classroom. The nine semi-structured and two focus group interviews in this study center on the belief that students remain with same-age peers despite the wide range of abilities at each grade level. The interviews also inquire about teachers' and administrators' thoughts on students' inability to master foundational skills due to age-specific grade-level standards and if teachers feel multi-age classrooms can increase the ability to master skills necessary for elementary school. The results of this study can be used by educators looking to break free from age-based grade levels to determine student advancement in elementary school and those who feel students should progress based on knowledge gained.
MODERN ORGANİZASYONLARIN KARANLIK TARAFI: HUBRİS SENDROMU ÇALIŞMALARININ BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Gümüş Hande Gülnihal
Published: October 2024

Hubris sendromu, bireylerin eleştirileri görmezden gelmesine, başkalarının tavsiyelerini dikkate almamasına ve sağlıksız kararlar almasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu durum çalışma ortamını negatif yönde etkilerken çalışanların moralinin düşmesine, stres seviyelerinin artmasına ve üretkenliğin azalmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, hubris sendromu değişkenine ilişkin uluslararası yazında 1995-2024 yılları arasında yayınlanmış 140 çalışma incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla çeşitli veri tabanları (ScienceDirect, Scopus, Sage Journal, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library) taranarak başlığında “hubris”, “hubristic” ve “hubris syndrome” kavramı geçen çalışmalar değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Veri tabanlarında yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, 140 çalışma Maxquda 2024 nitel veri analizi programına aktarılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, çalışmalarda en sık kullanılan anahtar kelimeler hubris, leadership, CEO hubris, hubristic pride, leadership behaviors olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlarda araştırma kapsamına alınan çalışmaların veri toplama tekniği, araştırma yöntemleri, kavramla birlikte kullanılan değişkenler, araştırma yaklaşımları gibi alanları ele alarak gelecek çalışmalara yardımcı olması ve yol göstermesi amaçlanmaktadır.
TÜRKİYE’DE ŞİRKET KÂRLARI VE ENFLASYON: ADAM SMİTH HAKLI MI?
Authors: Duvan Osman Berke
Published: October 2024

Covid-19 salgınının ardından küresel kamuoyunun, politika yapıcıların ve araştırmacıların dikkatleri şirket kârları ve enflasyon ilişkisine yönelmiştir. Türkiye yakın zamana kadar bu tartışmalara uzak kalmakla beraber; şirket kârları ve enflasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi Türkiye özelinde anlamaya yönelik çabaların son dönemde arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de şirket kârlarıyla enflasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi anlama çabalarını desteklemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye’de son çeyrek yüzyılda (1998-2023) yurtiçi enflasyona en çok katkı veren faktör gelirinin sermayenin katma değer yaratım sürecinde elde ettiği “birim kâr” olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca Covid-19 salgınının ardından birim kârın enflasyona yaptığı katkının daha da arttığı gözlenmiştir. Çalışmanın diğer bir bulgusu birim kâr artışının yurtiçi enflasyon için “öncü gösterge” olmasıdır. Benzer şekilde yurtiçi enflasyon da birim kâr artışı için “öncü gösterge” niteliğine sahiptir. Birim kâr ve enflasyon arasında tespit edilen bu çift yönlü kuvvetli ilişki, Türkiye’de bir “kâr-fiyat spirali” ihtimaline işaret etmektedir. Bu ihtimali destekleyen bir diğer bulgu ise birim işgücü maliyetindeki artışların yurtiçi enflasyonun gelecek değerleri ile ilişkisinin, birim kâr artışlarının yurtiçi enflasyonun gelecek değerleriyle ilişkisi kadar, kuvvetli olmamasıdır. Elde edilen ilk bulgular Türkiye’de olası bir “kâr-fiyat spirali” dinamiğinin daha detaylı incelenmesi ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmaktadır.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA HEDEFİ-3 VE EKOLOJİK AYAK İZİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN OECD ÜLKELERİ KAPSAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Şahin Güller
Published: October 2024

Bu makalede, OECD ülkelerinde 2001-2020 dönem aralığında Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefi-3 (SDG-3) parametrelerinin ekolojik ayak izi üzerindeki etkileri panel veri modelleri ile değerlendirilmektedir. Amaç bağlamında SDG-3 parametreleri olarak anne ölüm oranı, yenidoğan ölüm oranı, 5 yaş altı ölüm oranı, tüberküloz insidansı, hastalıklara bağlı ölüm oranı, trafik ölümleri, yaşam beklentisi, ergen doğurganlık oranı ve 2 aşılı hayatta kalan bebek sayısı değişkenleri kullanılmaktadır. Panel veri kantil regresyon sonuçları, ekolojik ayak izi ile tüberküloz insidansının tüm kantil değerlerinde negatif yönlü; yenidoğan ölüm oranının ise sadece 10th ve 50th kantil değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ekolojik ayak izini en fazla etkileyen değişkenin yaşam beklentisi, en az etkileyen değişkenin ise ergen doğurganlık oranı olduğu görülmektedir. Robust tahminci sonuçları ise anne ölüm oranı, hastalıklara bağlı ölüm oranı ve ergen doğurganlık oranının ekolojik ayak izini artırdığına; 5 yaş altı ölüm oranı, tüberküloz insidansı ve 2 aşılı hayatta kalan bebek sayısının azalttığına işaret etmektedir.
A prescription audit in the ear, nose and throat outpatient department, in a tertiary care hospital: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Ninnekar Savita Z. , Torvi Janaki R. , Jasmine Kadeeja P. , S. Abhyshek , E. H. Adarsh
Published: October 2024

Background: Prescription audit is a quality improvement process aimed at enhancing patient care and outcomes by reviewing prescriptions. It provides feedback to healthcare providers, (HCPs) to identify areas for improvement and ensure the quality of prescriptions. This study aims to analyse the prescription patterns and prescribing behaviour of doctors using world health organization (WHO) recommended core prescribing indicators and prescription audit guidelines from national health mission (NHM), India and implement action plan accordingly.
Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted for one month in the ear, nose and throat outpatient department (ENT OPD) of KMC-RI, Hubballi. A total of 96 prescriptions were analysed using WHO-recommended core indicators and additional indicators from a prescription audit template. An action plan was created to enhance prescription quality.
Results: All the prescriptions contained complete demographic details of the patients, OPD registration name and date of consultation. Handwriting was legible in all 96 prescriptions with a score of 100%. Two lowest performing attributes were identified using prescription audit tool namely, allergy status and generic name with a score of 7% and 37.9% respectively. The study revealed that average number of drugs encountered was 1.9, the percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 37.9%, percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 2.08% and percentage of drugs prescribed from NLEM was 37.9%.
Conclusions: The prescription audit revealed that most prescriptions adhered to WHO standards. However, improvements are needed in documenting allergy status and prescribing by generic name. An action plan with a defined timeline has been prepared to provide feedback, aiming to enhance prescription quality and ensure better healthcare outcomes.
Obstetric morbidity among women in Eastern India: an analysis based on National Family and Health Survey 4 and 5
Authors: Gupta Nilanjana , Raj Papia
Published: October 2024

Background: Obstetric morbidities are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and disease burden for women in the reproductive age group. The study aims to examine the geographical disparities and the impact of socioeconomic, reproductive determinants on obstetric morbidity.
Methods: Two rounds of National Family and Health Survey (NFHS 4 and NFHS 5) data were used for analysis. The study was conducted in the eastern India covering four states that include Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. Currently married women in 15-49 years age reporting at least one obstetric morbidity was considered. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analysis using both adjusted and unadjusted odds ratio were used to understand the influence and association of obstetric morbidity with socio-economic factors.
Results: In eastern India, obstetric morbidity decreased from NFHS 4 to NFHS 5 by 6.79%. In both rounds, Odisha has a higher prevalence of any obstetric morbidity. This analysis shows lower age, higher education of women, belonging to rural areas, not having proper toilet facilities, higher birth order, and higher age at marriage and first birth increases the prevalence of obstetric morbidity among women in the eastern region during NFHS 4 and NFHS 5.
Conclusions: Based on the analysis it can be contended obstetric morbidity in the eastern region was high. To address this issue, region/state specific programs, highlighting maternal/obstetric health awareness, along with regular monitoring and evaluation of ongoing maternal health programs are needed to target women suffering from obstetric morbidity.
Quality of life assessment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis by using rhinosinusitis disability index
Authors: Buddaraju Varaprasada V. , Chilukuri Ramya S. , Gonuru Vinod K. , Dandala Sridhar R.
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disease affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses. One of the commonly used indices to assess the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on quality of life is the rhinosinusitis disability index (RSDI). Objective was to study the surgical techniques and surgical findings of all patients with chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery and to compare pre-surgical with post-surgical RSDI score.
Methods: The patients were given RSDI questionnaire forms which contain questions regarding physical, functional and emotional factors which will be answered before and 3 months after endoscopic sinus surgery. The surgical technique and surgical findings of all patients undergoing the surgery are studied. The pre-surgical and post-surgical RSDI scores are compared and analysed by the Wilcoxon sign rank test.
Results: Uncinectomy and middle meatal antrostomy were performed in all the patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Wilcoxon sign rank test is done to assess the difference in the pre and post-operative RSDI score and found to be statistically significant with p value <0.001 which indicates improvement in the RSDI score following functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
Conclusions: RSDI is a valuable tool in assessing the health-related quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Comparison of outcomes of dual-mobility cemented total hip arthroplasty versus bipolar cemented hemiarthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fractures
Authors: Elsadany Shady G. , Salama Khaled S. , Elgreatly Mohamed E. , Abdelaziz Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Background: Elderly people with femoral neck fractures are more likely to experience complications after hip replacement. Compared with total tripolar hip arthroplasty (THA), bipolar hemiarthroplasty (HA), more effective alternative treatments that improve overall safety. We aimed to review the benefits of dual mobility tripolar arthroplasty and compare it to bipolar hemiarthroplasty in treatment of the femoral neck in the elderly.
Methods: This study was conducted as a comparative randomized controlled prospective study. Patients were divided randomly to two equal groups 19 patients each one group underwent cemented bipolar hip hemi arthroplasty and the other group underwent cemented tripolar total hip arthroplasty, surgical approach for the two study groups was modified lateral Hardinge approach. The patients were followed up after one month, three months 6 months and one year. The follow up period was one year, and modified Harris hip score was reported, and radiograph scan of fracture site was done before and after surgery. Complications were reported whether intraoperative or in the follow up period.
Results: The result of the study showed that the operative time was much longer in tripolar group as compared to bipolar group, there was more blood loss in tripolar group more than bipolar group. The functional outcome assessed using Harris hip score showed better outcome in tripolar group as compared to bipolar group. As regard complication, there was one case of periprosthetic fracture intraoperative in bipolar group and one case of cement extrusion in tripolar group. There was no dislocation in both groups.
Conclusions: Tripolar total hip arthroplasty had better functional outcome than bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty and we recommend more studies for a longer period of follow up to assess rate of complications and functional outcome on the long run.