bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase by 4-nitrocinnamic Acid: In Vitro and
In Vivo Investigations and Docking Simulations
Authors: Chen Jianmin , Yu Sijin , He Zemin , Zhu Danhong , Cai Xiaozhen , Ruan Zhipeng , Jin Nan
Published: June 2023

Background:

Cinnamic acid and its derivatives have gained significant attention in
recent medicinal research due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. However, the
effects of these compounds on xanthine oxidase (XO) have not been systematically investigated,
and the inhibitory mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to screen 18 compounds and identify the XO inhibitor
with the strongest inhibitory effect. Furthermore, we aimed to study the inhibitory mechanism of
the identified compound.

Methods:

The effects of the inhibitors on XO were evaluated using kinetic analysis, docking simulations,
and in vivo study. Among the compounds tested, 4-NA was discovered as the first XO
inhibitor and exhibited the most potent inhibitory effects, with an IC50 value of 23.02 ± 0.12
μmol/L. The presence of the nitro group in 4-NA was found to be essential for enhancing XO inhibition.
The kinetic study revealed that 4-NA inhibited XO in a reversible and noncompetitive
manner. Moreover, fluorescence spectra analysis demonstrated that 4-NA could spontaneously
form complexes with XO, referred to as 4-NA‒XO complexes, with the negative values of △H
and △S.

Results:

This suggests that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces play crucial roles in the
binding process. Molecular docking studies further supported the kinetic analysis and provided
insight into the optimal binding conformation, indicating that 4-NA is located at the bottom outside
the catalytic center through the formation of three hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, animal studies
confirmed that the inhibitory effects of 4-NA on XO resulted in a significant reduction of serum
uric acid level in hyperuricemia mice.

Conclusion:

This work elucidates the mechanism of 4-NA inhibiting XO, paving the way for the
development of new XO inhibitors.
HIV Preintegration Transcription and Host Antagonism
Authors: Wu Yuntao
Published: June 2023

Retrovirus integration is an obligatory step for the viral life cycle, but large amounts of
unintegrated DNA (uDNA) accumulate during retroviral infection. For simple retroviruses, in the
absence of integration, viral genomes are epigenetically silenced in host cells. For complex retroviruses
such as HIV, preintegration transcription has been found to occur at low levels from a large
population of uDNA even in the presence of host epigenetic silencing mechanisms. HIV preintegration
transcription has been suggested to be a normal early process of HIV infection that leads to the
syntheses of all three classes of viral transcripts: multiply-spliced, singly-spliced, and unspliced genomic
RNA; only viral early proteins such as Nef are selectively translated at low levels in blood
CD4 T cells and macrophages, the primary targets of HIV. The initiation and persistence of HIV
preintegration transcription have been suggested to rely on viral accessory proteins, particularly virion
Vpr and de novo Tat generated from uDNA; both proteins have been shown to antagonize host
epigenetic silencing of uDNA. In addition, stimulation of latently infected resting T cells and macrophages
with cytokines, PKC activator, or histone deacetylase inhibitors has been found to greatly
upregulate preintegration transcription, leading to low-level viral production or even replication
from uDNA. Functionally, Nef synthesized from preintegration transcription is biologically active
in modulating host immune functions, lowering the threshold of T cell activation, and downregulating
surface CD4, CXCR4/CCR5, and HMC receptors. The early Tat activity from preintegration
transcription antagonizes repressive minichromatin assembled onto uDNA. The study of HIV preintegration
transcription is important to understanding virus-host interaction and antagonism, viral
persistence, and the mechanism of integrase drug resistance. The application of unintegrated lentiviral
vectors for gene therapy also offers a safety advantage for minimizing retroviral vector-mediated
insertional mutagenesis.
Changes in Intrapersonal Factors of Participants in the Pregnancy Remote Monitoring Study Who Are at Risk for Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: Descriptive Quantitative Study
Authors: Lanssens Dorien , Vandenberk Thijs , Storms Valerie , Thijs Inge , Grieten Lars , Bamelis Lotte , Gyselaers Wilfried , Tang Eileen , Luyten Patrick
Published: June 2023

Background

The peripartum period, defined as the period from the beginning of the gestation until 1 year after the delivery, has long been shown to be potentially associated with increased levels of stress and anxiety with regard to one’s transition to the status of parent and the accompanying parental tasks. Yet, no research to date has investigated changes in intrapersonal factors during the peripartum period in women at risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).

Objective

The aim of this study is to explore and describe changes in intrapersonal factors in participants at risk for PIH.

Methods

We used an explorative design in which 3 questionnaires were sent by email to 110 participants the day following enrollment in the Pregnancy Remote Monitoring program for pregnant women at risk for PIH. Women were invited to complete the questionnaires at the beginning of their participation in the Pregnancy Remote Monitoring project (mostly at 14 weeks of gestation) and after approaching 32 weeks of gestational age (GA). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to assess anxiety and depression, and adaptation of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale was used to measure trait pain catastrophizing.

Results

Scores were significantly higher at 32 weeks of GA than at the moment of enrollment (GAD-7 score=7, range 4-11 vs 5, range 3-8; P=.01; and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score=6, range 4-10 vs 4, range 2-7; P<.001). The subscale scores of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale were all lower at 32 weeks of GA compared with 14 weeks of GA (rumination: 4, range 1-6 vs 5, range 2-9.5; P=.11; magnification: 3, range 1-5.5 vs 4, range 3-7; P=.04; and helplessness: 5, range 2-9 vs 6, range 3.5-12; P=.06). The proportion of women with a risk for depression (GAD-7 score >10) was 13.3% (10/75) at enrollment and had increased to 35.6% (26/75) at 32 weeks of GA.

Conclusions

This study shows that pregnant women at risk for PIH have higher levels of stress and anxiety at 32 weeks of GA than at the moment of enrollment. Further research is recommended to investigate potential strategies to help pregnant women at risk for PIH manage feelings of stress and anxiety.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03246737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03246737
Mobile game based physical activity game for improving depression score and fitness factors: a 4-week intervention (Preprint)
Authors: OSullivan David Michael , Kim Hyungsook , Prock Michael
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Physical activity has been shown to correlate with mental health and reduce symptoms of depression. However, the majority of research only focuses on the effects of either aerobic or non-aerobic exercise while novel technological innovations like mobile phone based activity programs and their effects are underrepresented. Additionally, for exercise prescription to be more effective in improving cognition and emotion it is important to know more about how the exercise affects our movement patterns and characteristics.

OBJECTIVE

The study had two objectives: (1) to examine how a mobile phone-based exercise program can affect depression score, and (2) to investigate the effect on participants’ fitness level and their in-game movement characteristics.

METHODS

A total of 31 participants were included and divided into an exercise (n=21) and control group (n=10). The exercise group was instructed to use a mobile phone-based exercise program 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Pre and post exercise the participant’s depression score (CES-10-D, PHQ9), fitness level (YMCA, grip strength) and in-game kinematics (postural sway, movement ROM, movement speeds, etc.) for three Azure Kinect physical activity games based on different fitness factors (balance game, cardiovascular game, reaction game) were measured.

RESULTS

Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between pre and post for the depression scores PHQ9 and CES-10-D for both exercise and control group. For the in-game kinematics, there were significant interactions between the treatment according to time, with an increase in body sway and vertical head movement in the cardiovascular game during jogging for the group that participated in the exercise. Additionally, the participants in the exercise group showed a reduced number of mistakes in the reaction game. There were no other significant differences for the other variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The data suggests that a 20 minute mobile-phone based intervention can reduce depression score and it affects in-game movement characteristics (body sway, vertical head movement, attentional focus) and is therefore a promising option in complementary treatment for depressive disorders.

CLINICALTRIAL

IRB number HYUIRB-202203-010-1
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to Implementation Science (Preprint)
Authors: Huguet Nathalie , Chen Jinying , Parikh Ravi B , Marino Miguel , Flocke Susan A , Likumahuwa-Ackman Sonja , Bekelman Justin , DeVoe Jennifer E
Published: June 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Machine learning (ML) approaches could expand the usefulness and application of implementation science methods in clinical medicine and public health settings. The aim of this viewpoint is to introduce a roadmap for applying ML techniques to address implementation science questions, such as predicting what will work best, for whom, under what circumstances, and with what predicted level of support, and what and when adaptation or deimplementation are needed. We describe how ML approaches could be used and discuss challenges that implementation scientists and methodologists will need to consider when using ML throughout the stages of implementation.
Application of electrical tomography technique for landslide investigation: Case of the Kef Essenoun phosphate deposit, Djebel Onk (Northeastern Algeria)
Authors: Salah Saadaoui , Ismail Nouioua , Mohamed Cherif Djouama
Published: June 2023

The enormous development of the technology of raw material extraction drives the economic companies and technicians to make efforts to meet the needs of consumers. These efforts directly influence the nature, creating voids or cavities in the soil and subsoil inducing a structure disturbance and subsequently giving damages. A landslide of the Kef Essenoun phosphate deposit occurred in 2007 when large mass of rocks detached caused a number of undesired and negative effects. To analyze this deformation, a two-dimensional (2D) electrical tomography with the Wenner and Schlumberger device was deployed, using equipment of Syscal Pro 48 type for the implementation of an electrical profile, through a transect length of 140m with electrode spacing of 3m and a depth of investigation that measures 32m to the center. Data processing was performed using RES2DINV software and the results allowed mapping visible cracks with a high resistivity value of 890Ωm as well as low values of 6Ωm for marls and clay. In addition, to predict the extent of cracks (slip) and geological formations. These phenomena have been evidenced due to tectonic (rough terrain) on one side and sliding on the other.
Сonnection of immunological markers with morphological manifestations in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Stoikevych M.V. , Gaydar Yu.A. , Tatarchuk O.M. , Mylostуva D.F. , Tarasova T.S. , Petishko O.P.
Published: June 2023

Background. Inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, are an urgent problem of modern gastroenterology. Therefore, the discovery of new laboratory approaches makes it possible to assess the degree of the disease. Purpose: to reveal the relationship between morphological manifestations and immunological indicators in patients with ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods. The studies were conducted on biological material (blood and colonic biopsy samples) of 90 patients with ulcerative colitis. The thickness of the mucosa, density of the inflammatory infiltrate and its composition, crypt sizes, their architectonics, the presence of crypt abscesses, atrophic and fibrotic changes were calculated in biopsies by morphological and morphometric methods. Immunological studies included the evaluation of mononuclear cells, the levels of B-lymphocytes, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor α, immunoglobulins (Ig) A, M, G. Results. The histological activity of the disease was determined by an increased level of inflammatory infiltrate (14,431.4 ± 483.3 per 1 mm2 of stroma) and the presence of many neutrophilic granulocytes (212.2 ± 20.9 per 1 mm2 of stroma) and lymphocytes (2,922.8 ± 76.6 per 1 mm2 of stroma) in it. Also, some patients had crypt abscesses (36.7 % of the total number of patients) and breaches in the epithelial integrity (54.4 % of the total number of patients). A correlation was found between the level of CD22+ lymphocytes and some morphometric parameters: the width of the crypts (r = 0.27; P < 0.01) and the height of the surface epithelium (r = 0.30; P < 0.01); between IgM concentrations and cellular density of mucosal infiltrate (r = 0.29; P < 0.01), neutrophils (r = 0.28; P < 0.01) and basophils (r = 0.24; P < 0.05); level of IgA and macrophages (r = 0.21; P < 0.05), lymphocytes (r = 0.24; P < 0.05), basophils (r = 0.25; P < 0.05). Conclusions. It is shown that some morphological and morphometric indicators are related to immunological parameters. It was found that the elevated level of cytokines correlates with the activity of inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis. The level of CD22+ lymphocytes and changes in some morphometric indicators (crypt width and surface epithelium height) are directly related to an increase in inflammatory processes in the intestinal mucosa.
Proximate Analysis of Enhanced Coffea canephora var with endemic floral species
Authors: Manuel Melanie , F. Bais Helen , S. Serion Gringo
Published: June 2023

This study focused on examining the proximate analysis of Coffea Canephora var that was enhanced with endemic floral species. The physico-chemical analyses conducted revealed that Solanum nigrum enhanced coffee had a moisture content of 13.42%, crude fat of 2.47%, crude protein of 15.12%, ash content of 6.35%, and a total carbohydrate content of 64.52% (w/w) with 348 Kcal energy per serving. Similarly, Colocasia sp. cf. Formosana hayata enhanced coffee had a moisture content of 12.15%, crude fat of 3.03%, crude protein of 11.29%, ash content of 6.68%, and a total carbohydrate content of 68.86% (w/w) with 355 Kcal energy per serving. Furthermore, enhanced coffee with Momordica charantia had a moisture content of 10.01%, crude fat of 1.41%, crude protein of 13.78%, ash content of 6.46%, and a total carbohydrate content of 70.39% (w/w) with 356 Kcal energy per serving. It was showed that three enhanced coffees had an average energy intake of 3%, which can supplement the Required Energy and Nutrient Intake of an adult Filipino. The study results can provide a low-fat enhanced and enriched coffee in the Kalinga table, as presented in its nutrition facts. However, further investigation is required to determine the safety and microbiological quality of enhanced coffee with floral species, particularly in the quantification of amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Additionally, it is recommended to investigate the acceptability, market analysis, and utilization of locally grown and traditionally used plant species that could enhance and enrich coffee to meet the country's demand.
Temporality-induced chaos in the Kuramoto Model
Authors:   Toronto Metropolitan University, Rock Keanu Mason , Dirie Hamza ,   Toronto Metropolitan University, Cornelius Sean P. ,   Toronto Metropolitan University
Published: June 2023

Switched dynamical systems have been extensively studied in engineering literature in the context of system control. In these systems, the dynamical laws change between different subsystems depending on the environment, a process that is known to produce emergent behaviors---notably chaos. These dynamics are analogous to those of temporal networks, in which the network topology changes over time, thereby altering the dynamics on the network. It stands to reason that temporal networks may therefore produce emergent chaos and other exotic behaviors unanticipated in static networks, yet concrete examples remain elusive. Here, we present a minimal example of a networked system in which temporality produces chaotic dynamics not possible in any static subnetwork alone. Specifically, we consider a variant of the famous Kuramoto model, in which the network topology alternates between different configurations in response to the phase dynamics. We show under certain conditions this can produce a strange attractor, and we verify the presence of chaos by analyzing its geometrical properties. Our results provide new insights on the consequences of temporality for network dynamics, and acts as a proof of concept for a novel mechanism behind generating chaotic dynamics in networks.
El impacto de la dirección en el desempeño en las micro y pequeñas empresas: un análisis sistémico
Authors: Aguilar Rascón Oscar Cuauhtémoc
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo tiene como propósito mostrar qué procesos dentro de las micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes) tienen un mayor impacto en la percepción de la productividad, examinados desde el esquema de análisis sistémico, donde existen los insumos, procesos y salidas del sistema. Para llevar a cabo el estudio, se analizaron 48 068 mypes mediante una entrevista hecha a la persona que toma gran parte de las decisiones en cuatro países de Latinoamérica (México, Colombia, Perú y Ecuador). Los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante el modelo de regresión lineal. El principal aporte es el desarrollo de una ecuación que permite identificar cuál es el factor de mayor impacto en la percepción del desempeño, dando como resultado las actividades de dirección, las cuales tienen mayor influencia en los resultados de la empresa.
Un estudio a largo plazo de la flora algal en lagos urbanos
Authors: Novelo Eberto , Tavera Rosaluz , Lira Beatriz
Published: June 2023

La flora de algas en los lagos y arroyos de la Cantera Oriente de la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel de la UNAM ha sido monitoreada durante 14 años. Se reunieron los registros semestrales de ese periodo contabilizando 270 taxones de 8 divisiones. El 87% de esa flora se ha presentado de 1 a 7 ocasiones y solo 15 especies se presentaron de 11 a 14 años. En este recuento, 5 especies son nuevos registros para México. La clasificación de las especies como raras, frecuentes o constantes se corresponde con los registros de las recolecciones, pero está en desacuerdo con las calificaciones de las especies por su distribución geográfica (cosmopolita, amplia o restringida), pues 156 especies cosmopolitas fueron raras y solo 11 con esa calificación fueron constantes. Se discuten la importancia del monitoreo de la flora para caracterizar biológicamente un cuerpo de agua, los cambios en la flora y las supuestas respuestas eurioicas de las especies cosmopolitas en condiciones ambientales sin cambios drásticos; se evalúa el impacto de esos aspectos en el recuento florístico nacional y de la Ciudad de México. Este estudio es el primer análisis de algas continentales a largo plazo en nuestro país.
Morphology of the feeding apparatus of cave shrimps of the genus Typhlatya (Decapoda: Atyidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula and comparison with epigean species
Authors: Trejo-Ventura Ivonne , Armendáriz Gema , Villalobos José Luis , Álvarez Fernando
Published: June 2023

The setal arrangement on the dactyl and propodus of pereopods 1 and 2, defined here as the feeding apparatus, of 3 species of cave shrimps of the genus Typhlatya (T. mitchelli, T. pearsei, T. dzilamensis) from the Yucatán Peninsula was studied using SEM micrographs. The setae were classified according to their morphology and position in the propodus and dactyl resulting in 6 main types. The 3 Typhlatya species differed slightly in the number of each type of setae and showed some morphological variations, especially in the central setae. A comparison of the setal arrangement of Typhlatya spp. with that of the epigean Potimirim mexicana and P. glabra, showed important differences probably driven by the specialization to specific habitats.
Traffic Density Detection and Signal Adjustment Using IR Sensor
Authors: Keerthana Jeniffer
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The main issue in today's society is traffic congestion in urban areas. When the number of vehicles is increased quickly, both peak and off-peak hours experience traffic congestion. This results in less effective road traffic management. Systems for controlling traffic lights rely on the traffic signals' set time intervals. These time-based signals waste time for the side of a small number of vehicles on the road, which is greater than another road of vehicles at a high pace, and make them wait for a very long period. The advanced method focuses on the minimal amount of time that automobiles on a road waste. Therefore, it gives the density-detected lane extra time and gives the other lanes the same amount of time. The lane with low density. The IR sensor and the 8051 series AT89S52 microcontroller can be used to accomplish this.
Intelligent Travel Recommendation System
Authors: K Abhay Sankar
Published: June 2023

Abstract: This survey paper presents a project focused on developing an online platform designed to provide users with efficient recommendations to enhance their travel experiences. The platform aims to assist users in selecting their preferred location of stay, exploring recommended places to visit, choosing appropriate modes of transportation, and identifying suitable dining options, all while considering the user's budget. The project incorporates various filtering algorithms to ensure accurate and tailored recommendations. Through this platform, users can create personalized itineraries aligned with their travel preferences. The paper emphasizes the functionality of the filtering algorithms and discusses their implementation within the system. Additionally, the paper highlights the future potential and scope for further advancements in the platform.
Similarity Detection in Two or More Submitted Documents
Authors: Nagpal Piyush
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Educational Institutions & Organizations of the modern era are rapidly adopting the hybrid work culture, in the aftermath of the worldwide pandemic. Institutions & Organizations frequently require authentic, original content for a wide variety of purposes. Though students & employees strive towards that objective, plagiarized content often slips through scrutinization more often than the acceptable count. This paper aims to analyze and record the process & outcomes of building a web application that enables similarity detection between two or more files by uploading them on the application, or in other words, determine the similarity between the files. The web application will accept two or more files as input, and return similarity percentage which will be calculated using the Levenshtein distance Algorithm, as an automated report that will be sent to the user as an email. In our case, the web application will be majorly utilized to curb similarity in assignments. Along with this, the application will have a feature that allows any teacher to compare any two or more assignments submitted in a particular class, with just one click.
Structure Modeling of Underground Structure for Fault and Failure Detection Using Seismic Condition
Authors: Farooqui Mr. Faizan , Sawai Prof. Girish
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In the scope of this study, an effort was made to determine the impact of the rectangular construction plan columns' size, shape, and orientation on the overall stiffness and seismic response of the shaking building. Using ETABS software, a multistory RC building is modelled with various column sizes, forms (square and rectangular), and orientations (varying crosssectional area at building height) to see how each affects the stiffness and seismic response of the structure. In terms of base movement, overburden displacement, layer deflection, and time period, the analytical results of each model were contrasted.
Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Covid 19 dan Implikasinya pada Strategi Komunikasi
Authors: Rianto Puji , Afifi Subhan , Hariyanti Puji
Published: June 2023

The Covid 19 pandemic that entered Indonesia since the end of 2019 or early 2020 has decreased significantly from the number of sufferers. In this regard, the crisis provides many lessons for the community and policy makers. One of the important lessons is how people seek information and how government communication policies are formulated. This research was conducted to examine the behavior of people seeking information during the Covid 19 Pandemic, and how this has implications for communication policies. The research was conducted using mixed methods. Quantitative research is conducted through online surveys and big data analysis, while qualitative research is conducted through focus group discussions. The results showed that the media used by the public to obtain information was very diverse. Social media is the most widely used. But unfortunately, the level of trust in information from social media is very low. Television is the most trusted medium. Communication strategies should be based on people's behavior in seeking information so that crisis communication regarding Covid 19 can be carried out properly
Komunikasi dan Hubungan Interpersonal Pada Anak Korban Konflik Keluarga
Authors: Tiara Andys , Pranawati Rita
Published: June 2023

Kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal adalah hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari sebagai sarana bagi seseorang untuk melangsungkan proses dan mencapai tujuan kehidupannya baik secara personal maupun profesional, tak terkecuali pada anak. Namun, kasus-kasus terhadap anak seakan tiada henti menghiasi siklus kehidupan. Selama tahun 2020, Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI) mencatat ada sebanyak 6.519 kekerasan terhadap anak. Bidang Keluarga dan Pengasuhan Alternatif terkait dengan kasus Anak Korban Pengasuhan Bermasalah atau Konflik Orangtua merupakan kasus perlindungan anak yang paling banyak di laporkan yaitu sebanyak 1.622 kasus. Orangtua atau keluarga merupakan lingkungan pertama untuk melatih komunikasi interpersonal anak sebelum mulai berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Bila keluarga tak lagi utuh maka kini tidak lagi berkontribusi secara maksimal dalam pembentukan dan pengembangan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode fenomenologi, melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan dikaji dengan teori Interaksional Simbolik oleh Herbert Blumer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Komunikasi dan Hubungan saling berkaitan. Komunikasi adalah jantung dari sebuah hubungan personal. Keberlangsungan sebuah hubungan personal tergantung dari kemampuan seseorang dalam melakukan komunikasi yang efektif. Komunikasi yang baik akan menciptakan hubungan yang baik. Pada penelitian ini dapat terdeskripsikan bahwasanya bagaimana komunikasi interpersonal anak yang mengalami pengasuhan bermasalah atau menjadi korban konflik keluarga dengan orangtua asuh mereka memberikan gambaran terhadap kontinum komunikasi dan kualitas hubungan interpersonal anak dengan orangtua
Environmentalism in Modern Islamic Philosophy
Authors: Ragozina Sofya A.
Published: June 2023

Islamic environmentalism is an intellectual movement whose representatives discuss contemporary environmental problems in the language of Islamic theology. This field includes Shariah-based environmental law, environmental activism, and environmental philosophy. This article is an overview of the genealogy of this philosophical trend: key names will be listed and their contributions to the development of this movement will be analyzed. For example, the legacy of Sayyid Hossein Nasr, considered the founding father of Islamic environmentalism, will be examined in detail. The religious and ethical program of this philosophical movement will be analyzed in detail. The categorical apparatus to which Islamic eco-activists, philosophers, and ulema turned as the Islamic environmental agenda expanded will also be examined, such as how the concepts of khalifa, hima, and misan were conceptualized. Philosophers whose writings we will turn to include Iraqi philosopher and jurist Mawil Izzi Dien, British eco-activist Fazlun Khalid, Egyptian Grand Mufti Ali Jumaa, and representatives of so-called “Western Islam” Ziauddin Sardar and Tariq Ramadan. The example of Indonesia will be used to examine how Islamic eco-theology has formed the basis of a multilevel environmental policy. The thesis of the fundamental contradiction underlying Islamic environm entalism is put forward. On the one hand, this movement in its present form genetically dates back to the European protest movements of the 1960s and 70s, which opposed the culture of mass consumption, impersonal materialism, and overproduction. On the other hand, an equally important part of the rhetoric of a number of Islamic modernists, including on ecology, is the emphasis on the break with Western neoliberal values. The special role of social media in the promotion of Islamic eco-activism is noted separately.
Moral Foundations of Power and State in Teachings of Ibn al-Azraq
Authors: Al-Janabi Matem M. , Alyousef Shirin Mohamad , Pochta Yuri M.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the main ideas of the political philosophy of Abu Abdallah Ibn al-Azraq al-Garnati (1427-1491), a well-known Muslim statesman, supreme judge of Granada, lawyer, diplomat, supporter of Arab Muslim peripatetism, a student of the outstanding thinker of the Muslim Middle Ages Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406). In the history of the political philosophy of the Muslim East, a number of major transformations in the development of the Arab Caliphate from the Medina state of the prophet to the Sultanate in the Abbasid period should be noted, which were reflected in the development of the theory of the Arab-Muslim state (caliphate). The main problem of the theory of the caliphate was connected with the question of the relationship between power and authority in the context of the moral foundations of the state. The creative heritage of Ibn al-Azraq is mainly known for his work in the genre of adab ("mirrors of princes") “Miracles on the way, or the Nature of dominion”. The treatise became a classic of the political philosophy of the Muslim Middle Ages, in which, under the influence of Aristotelian ideas, a special place was given to the moral foundations of power and the state, that is, ethics was considered as a political science. In the form of instructive parables, the rulers and heirs to the throne were explained the basics of state administration as part of their studies and education. His doctrine of the virtues can be viewed as ethical rationalism with a belief in the moral perfection of people in power and subjects of the state. Since morals are largely acquired and a person can control them, the task of purifying his own morals and curing them is entrusted to him. In addition, accordingly, it is possible and necessary to cultivate virtues in rulers, since the well-being of the state and the ummah depends on their morals. The moral foundations of power determine the strength of political authority.
Comparative Analysis of Palingenesis Categories in Teachings of L.N. Tolstoy and Lao-zi
Authors: Abramenko Vladimir P.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the issues of comparing the teachings of Tolstoy and Lao-zi according to the criterion of palingenesis, which is the basis for the construction of the entire ideological corpus of the most important treatise of Taoism “Tao de jing”. Lao-zi formulated the lapidary formula of palingenesis in the fortieth zhang of this treatise, recreating a picture of the harmonization of the Middle Kingdom, arguing that return is the movement of the Tao, and weakening is the action of the Tao. The principle of palingenesis is one of the fundamental principles for which Tolstoy uses Christological vocabulary, and Lao-zi uses embryological vocabulary. The choice of the palingenesis criterion for comparative analysis of the teachings is due to the fact that the latter works as an immutable law when setting the task of recreating harmony in social chaos. Based on the assessments of the content of the zhangs of the “Tao de jing” canon, a representative line of palingenesis elements is built: the category of knowledge/truth; the category of ignorance; the category of simplicity; the category of naturalness; the category of “baby”; the category of non-action; the category of nonviolence. The principles of Taoism are not expressed by Tolstoy with a research sequence in logical definitions, but appear as categories and trends, working in the worldview of the Yasnaya Polyana sage. In the works “What is my faith?”, “Sayings of the Chinese sage Lao-Tse”, “Non-doing”, Tolstoy's teaching is presented in its entirety and is therefore convenient for comparison with the Taoist classics. It is noted that Tolstoy's conceptual idea is based on the desire to convert people to the good - unity with all people. This orientation towards the good is nothing else than the return to man of his original nature, on the way to which the principle of palingenesis associated with the boycott of the civilization of violence is realized. The conducted research has shown that in the teachings of Lao-zi and Tolstoy, which record the experience of theoretical exploration of the world, the categories of palingenesis are common to the Russian and Chinese spirit.
One’s Own and Foreign in Context of Later Heidegger’s Philosophy
Authors: Pigalev Alexander I.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the interrelations between the notions of one’s own and the foreign in later Heidegger’s philosophy. It is pointed out that later Heidegger contextualized the notion of the world by the notion of home and its derivatives “homelessness” and “homecoming” that are of great value in his philosophy. The scrutiny proceeds from the study of the peculiarities of Heidegger’s approach to the problem of being that is considered to be the knot of his philosophy. It is noted that Heidegger, having deserted the traditional ontology already in his early works, continued, nevertheless, using its terms including “being” for a long time and thereby in a way obscured the peculiarities of his approach. Only later Heidegger tried to reject the traditional concept of being as infinitely continuing state in favor of the concept of Ereignis that is usually translated as “appropriating event” or “event of appropriation”. Thus, according to Heidegger, being gives us beings as a whole by appropriating sense to them and thereby turning them into the familiar and accessible environment for dwelling. Just the “givenness” of beings as a whole makes them familiar, one’s own. Accordingly, the “dwelling” means for Heidegger not only the security, but also the intelligibility of the environment, whereas the homelessness means the latter’s uncanny incomprehensibility. It is emphasized that Heidegger’s interpretation of homelessness is closely connected with a standard theoretical model explaining the emergence of the private and public realms. According to this model, just the extension of family as the initial one’s own resulted in the turning of household into city-state that, having been specified by the image of one super-family, added the elements of the foreign to the initial state of society.
Future Design Phenomenon: Effect of Metronome
Authors: Lukianova Natalia A. , Skalnaya Oksana A.
Published: June 2023

The article is dedicated to the phenomenon of designing future in the paradigm of objective reality. Based on the I. Prigozhin’s conclusions on the process of coherence of separate parts into a whole through the establishment of a common development pace of subsystems and the idea of constructivism that a person comprehends social reality through construction, one of the ways of the process of designing the future via its construction by the “extended self” is described. The concept of “the image of the thing” is analyzed as a tool with which the future is constructed in the space of actual objectivity with elusive meanings. It is shown that in everyday reality we deal with “things in motion” - the moment when a thing exists simultaneously in offline and online environments as a kind of impersonal object that does not have an owner. The mechanism of occurrence of the “metronome effect” in the processes of designing the future is revealed. It is proved that the peculiarity of modern reality lies in the endless variability of the images of the future in the space of impersonal objectivity, when the images of things “without an owner” become a tool for constructing the future. For the first time the article reflects on the essence of digital extensions of a person (extended self) in interaction through images of things as “things-in-motion”, which defines a new sociality and suggests a different view of the processes of communication in social networks. It is revealed that the two conditions in the processes of online communications: “being in touch” and “objectivity of consumption” allow us to explain the essence of the processes of designing the future with the key role of the “extended self”. It is concluded that leveling the boundaries between “public” and “personal” in online communications is an innovation in the processes of constructing images of the future, which today has become part of its awareness processes and thus triggers the emergence of the phenomenon of designing the future.
A qualitative assessment of farmer director skills in agricultural cooperatives
Authors: Herchenbach Jody S. , Briggeman Brian C. , Bergtold Jason S. , Shanoyan Aleksan , Low Sarah A. , Miller Brandi
Published: June 2023

Agricultural cooperatives in the United States are larger and more complex than ever before. Due to this growth, farmer directors need to up-skill to maximize farmer member benefits. Director education is generally considered a successful strategy for improving financial and strategic performance, yet little research has examined the skills U.S. agricultural cooperative directors need. This research identified skills – and, notably, behaviors – necessary for agricultural cooperative directors to ensure financial and operational success. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with cooperative leaders. Results were consistent across these three groups and suggest that successful directors must possess the following skills and behaviors: financial/ business, governance, board leadership, industry knowledge and strategic planning. Results suggest that educating farmer directors on these skills and behaviors may benefit all farmer members of an agricultural cooperative.
To what extent does share ownership affect informative earnings management? Evidence from Indonesian manufacturing sector
Authors: Mela Nanda Fito , Putra Adhitya Agri , Abdurrahman Rezi , Lubis Armensyah
Published: June 2023

Inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between share ownership and earnings management, specifically in terms of informative and opportunistic practices, have been observed in previous studies. To address this gap, the present research aims to investigate the impact of institutional, governmental, and family ownership on informative earnings management. The sample comprises 615 manufacturing firm-year observations listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Earnings management is assessed by examining discretionary accruals, which are further categorized into informative and opportunistic acts based on earnings growth. Logistic regression analysis is employed to analyze the data. The results indicate that both institutional and family ownership have a positive effect on informative earnings management. This suggests that institutional and family shareholders play influential roles in monitoring managerial behavior, particularly in encouraging informative earnings management practices rather than opportunistic ones. Conversely, governmental ownership does not have a significant effect on earnings management. This finding suggests that government shareholders may have lesser interest in evaluating managerial performance based on earnings and instead prioritize political and social considerations. Overall, this study contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on the distinct influences of different types of share ownership on earnings management practices, particularly in terms of their impact on informative earnings management.
Initial Serum Ammonia as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Acute Glufosinate Ammonium Herbicide Poisoning
Authors: Ko Eun Na , Kim Dong Hoon , Lee Soo Hoon , Jeong Jin Hee , Lee Sang Bong , Sung Aejin , Suh Ja Hyoen , Kang Changwoo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The association of the initial serum ammonia level with in-hospital mortality in patients with acute glufosinate-ammonium herbicide poisoning was studied. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 2012 and August 2019 in the emergency department after glufosinate-ammonium herbicide poisoning. Survivors and non-survivors were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for mortality. Results: One hundred and six patients were enrolled; 11 died, yielding a mortality of 10.4%. The serum bicarbonate level was significantly lower in the non-survival group than the survival group. Age, serum ammonia, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels, SOFA score, and APACHE II score were significantly higher in the non-survival group than the survival group. Age, serum ammonia, and creatinine level were independent risk factors for mortality in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: The initial serum ammonia level is associated with mortality in patients with acute glufosinate herbicide poisoning.
THE INFLUENCE OF ANEMIA ON MORTALITY RATES, DURATION OF HOSPITALIZATION, AND RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN PATIENTS ADMITTED WITH A PRIMARY DIAGNOSIS OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS 2016-2020
Authors: Carvalhais Ricardo Machado , Mahfooz Kamran , Ong Kenneth , Tun Han Naung , Najeed Syed Ashfaq
Published: June 2023

Background: Ventricular Tachycardia is a life threating
arrhythmia with large admission rate. In this analysis, we aim to
investigate the impact of anemia in patients admitted due to ventricular
tachycardia in terms of mortality, length of stay and total hospital
charges. Methods: This is an analysis of the National Inpatient
Sample Database of the years 2016-2020. Patients admitted with a primary
diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia, with or without a secondary
diagnosis of anemia were identified using the ICD-CM codes. The primary
outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay and
resources utilization. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed, and
outcomes were adjusted by age, gender, race, Charlson comorbidity index,
hospital location, size, region, teaching status and insurance. Data was
considered statistically significant with p-value <0.05.
Results: Among 221720 patients who had a primary diagnosis of
ventricular tachycardia, 17.56% had anemia. Adjusted mortality was
significantly different in patients with secondary diagnosis of any
anemia with odds ratio 1.95, p value < 0.001, 95% Confidence
Interval 1.73 – 2.2. In terms of Length of Stay, patients with anemias
of any type stayed 3.09 more days in the hospital, p value <
0.001, 95% Confidence Interval 2.78 - 3.41. Patients with anemia also
had an increase on their total hospital charges by 61507.92, p value
< 0.001, 95% Confidence Interval 53771.36 - 69244.48.
Conclusion: Patients with anemia had 1.95 higher mortality
rate, stayed 3.09 more days in the hospital and had a total hospital
cost higher by 61507.92$. Anemia can be a risk marker within patients
admitted with ventricular tachycardia, more studies needed to
investigate if the treatment of anemia improves the outcome.
The use of antigens derived from Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria for further differentiation
Authors: Savelyeva Ekaterina , Avdeenko Aleksei
Published: June 2023

This study is devoted to studying Bacillus thuringiensis antigens and
their insecticide activity as critical feature in bacterial
differentiation. 190 samples were examined for flagellar antigenicity as
well as the insecticidal activity exhibited. From a serological
perspective, 122 isolates (64.2%) were attributed to 8 H-serogroups,
including 3 non-typeable and 65 unverified. The dominant serotype was
H3abc (82% frequency); H6 was less frequent (8.5%). The other 6
serotypes accounted for a low frequency of occurrence (up to 1.5%). Of
the 190 isolates tested, 125 (65.8%) formed bipyramidal and 63 (33.2%)
represented spherical inclusions. All H3abc isolates contained
bipyramidal inclusions. The same applied to H8ab and H7 isolates.
Insecticide activity was noted in 70.1% of populations. 128 samples
were toxic to both species (Bombyx mori, Aedes sp.). Another 3 samples
were toxic only to B. mori, and 2 for Aedes sp. Of the samples that
showed toxicity for both species, 97.6% belonged to bipyramidal
paraspore inclusions (H3abc). All H7 samples were toxic to two insect
species. Monotoxic B. thuringiensis against Aedes sp. were found only
among organisms producing spherical parasporal inclusions in the cell.
Examples of such microorganisms include an isolate of H4ab/43 serotype.
Safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of ketogenic diet in paediatric patients with brain tumours: A systematic review
Authors: Almutairi Hanan , Mccullough Fiona , Alharbi Manal , dandapani madhumita , Grundy Richard
Published: June 2023

Evidence suggests positive effects of ketogenic diet (KD) on cancers by
limiting glucose availability to cancer. This systematic review aimed to
explore the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of KD in children
with brain tumours (BT), including diet side effects, patient tolerance
and compliance, tumour response, quality of life, and nutritional
status. Using publications from several databases between 1995-2022,
involving children with BT following KD, we reviewed eight publications,
involving 11 patients, with median age of 5.3 years. Nine patients
followed classic KD with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT oil). Remaining
patients used modified Atkin or low-carbohydrate diet. KD was
well-tolerated with non-severe side effects. Six patients showed
positive tumour response, five improved neurological skills, and four
reported growth improvement. Six patients reported a median overall
survival of 17.6 months. KD can be a safe, and feasible dietary
intervention for children with BT. However, the effects on tumours
remain unclear and require further study.