bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The productive performance of soybean genotypes depends on the distribution of plants in the field
Authors: Dörr Caio Sippel , Almeida Tainan Lopes de , Spinelli Victor Mouzinho , Magano Deivid Araújo , Schuch Luis Osmar Braga , Panozzo Luis Eduardo
Published: July 2023

This study aims to evaluate the effect of the distribution of plants in the field on the productive performance of soybean genotypes. The test was developed in the field, in two agricultural crops, on a farm located in the District of Monte Bonito - Pelotas (RS, Brazil), in eutrophic haplic planosol soil, with geographic coordinates 31° 40' 27"S and 52°23' 28 "W. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments involving two factors: factor A - 3 soybean genotypes (NA 5909 RR (super early, growth indeterminate and maturation group A), NS 6006 IPRO (high grain weight, growth indeterminate and maturation group B 5.9), and NS 5959 IPRO (precocity, indeterminate growth and maturation group C) and factor B - 4 line spacing (0.17; 0.30; 0.45 and 0.60 meters). The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3x4) with four blocks. The plant population used was 330.000 plants ha-1. Five random plants plot, except for grain yield, were evaluated per plot. To evaluate the productive performance the main stem diameter, final plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, the weight of a thousand seeds, and yield were measured. Soybean plants better distributed in the cultivation area, in the spacing of 0,17 and 0,30 meters, have higher plant height, stem diameter, and productive performance. The genotypes of soybean performance are influenced by the distribution of plants, and this response depends on the genotype and the production environment
Chromosome 5
Authors: Madhusoodanan Sayooj , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: July 2023

Chromosome 5 presents an extensive collection of genes, and includes several cancer-associated ones. The contribution of chromosome 5 in abnormalities is evident through somatic translocations, germline, somatic, and, in some instances, expression of genes. Various syndromes are associated with chromosome 5, such as 5q minus syndrome, leading to the development of acute myeloid leukemia, PDGFRBassociated chronic eosinophilic leukemia contributing to acute myeloid leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. Studies propose that a few genes on chromosome 5 play important roles withinside the increase and department of cells. When chromosome segments are deleted, as in a few instances of AML and MDS, those crucial genes are missing. Without those genes, cells can develop and divide too speedy and in an out-o- -control way. Researchers are trying to perceive the genes on chromosome five that might be associated with AML and MDS.
Chromosome 7
Authors: Vairamani Muthu Vijai Bharath , Hariharan Harini , Ramalingam Satish
Published: July 2023

Chromosome 7 consists of 159 million base pairs, and around 950 genes, representing at least 5 percent of the entire DNA in a cell. Various genes that regulate cell division and cellular growth are present in Chromosome 7. Aberrations in these genes can therefore lead to tumorigenesis. Lymphomas and Leukemia have been frequently correlated with abnormalities on chromosome 7. Aberrations in chromosome 7, such as aneusomy in prostate cancer, gene amplifications in gastric cancer, and chromosomal gain in glioblastoma, are some of the starkly real ramifications of genetic abnormalities on chromosome 7. Numerous essential genes from Chromosome 7, including ABCB5, BRAF, CDK6, EGFR, ETV1, EZH2, IL6, and TWIST1, involved in cancer have been explained in this chapter.
Patient preferences for direct-to-consumer telemedicine services: Replication and extension of a nationwide survey (Preprint)
Authors: Ivanova Julia , Wilczewski Hattie , Klocksieben Farina , Cummins Mollie , Soni Hiral , Ong Triton , Barrera Janelle , Harvey Jillian , O'Connell Nathaniel , McElligott James , Welch Brandon , Bunnell Brian
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

A 2017 survey of patient perspectives showed overall willingness and comfort to use telemedicine, but low actual use. Given recent growth and widespread exposure of patients to telemedicine, patient preferences are likely to have changed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) identify demographic trends in patient preferences and experiences; (2) measure ease of use and satisfaction of telemedicine; and (3) measure changes in telemedicine use, willingness, and comfort since 2017.

METHODS

We replicated a 2017 study with a nationwide survey of U.S. adults. The survey, an extended version of the previous study, measured patient health care access as well as knowledge, experiences, and preferences regarding telemedicine encounters. We recruited participants using SurveyMonkey Audience in July 2022. We used descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations to measure change and identify trends.

RESULTS

We accrued 4,577 complete responses. Patient experience with telemedicine was substantially higher in 2022 than in 2017, with 61.1% (versus 5.3%) of participants aware that their primary care provider (PCP) offered telemedicine and 34.5% (versus 3.5%) reporting use of telemedicine with their PCP. This study also reported ease of use and satisfaction rates to be similar to in-person visits, while overall willingness and comfort in using telemedicine increased from 2017. Individuals at the poverty line were significantly less likely to report satisfaction with telemedicine visits. We found increased interpersonal distance in a patient-provider relationship significantly reduced patient ease of use, willingness, and comfort in using telemedicine.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified an association between income and patient satisfaction, conveying the importance of understanding telemedicine in relation to health care access and equity. Telemedicine ease of use and satisfaction were comparable to in-person visits. Individuals reported greater use and higher positive perceptions of telemedicine willingness and comfort since 2017.
Anxiety and Brand Topic Searches During COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Vaccination Behavior
Authors: Wang Tsang Hsien
Published: July 2023

I described the development of a country-level model to explore whether anxiety prevalence is positively associated with brand topic search interest (BTSI) through COVID-19 vaccination behavior. Secondary data for countrylevel anxiety prevalence and vaccination rate were collected for 60 countries. To assess BTSI, I extracted brand keywords from Google Trends' national search interests to compose four categories of country-level BTSI. The results indicated that people living in areas with higher rates of both vaccination and anxiety prevalence were significantly interested in searching for entertainment and sports brands. COVID-19 vaccination rate positively mediated the relationship between country-level anxiety prevalence and BTSI in tourism, video games, and sports categories. This study enhances understanding of consumers' brand topic search behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and offers practical implications that will enable researchers and policymakers to explore cross-national BTSI through anxiety prevalence and vaccination rate.
Representing anthropogenic dust in E3SMv1: Implementation, evaluation, and assessment of their radiative forcing
Authors: Shi Yang , Liu Xiaohong , Wu Chenglai , Lu Zheng , Zhang Kai , Ma Po-Lun
Published: July 2023

Dust emissions related to anthropogenic activities (i.e., anthropogenic
dust (AD)) is not represented in most global climate models and its
radiative impact remains unassessed. In this study, we develop a new and
physically based method to parameterize AD emission based on the DOE’s
Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1). This method
relates AD emission to the crop land use fraction in the E3SMv1 land
component. Major AD sources simulated by our parameterization include
those over Central America, the Sahel, North India, and North China. The
annual averaged AD emission is 567 Tg yr-1 in present-day (year 2000),
which contributes to 13.3 % of total dust emission. Model evaluation
against satellite and ground-based observations shows that the new
parameterization can represent AD emissions and global dust cycle
reasonably well. We find that the total dust emission increases by 13 %
(495 Tg yr-1) from 1850 to 2000 mainly due to the cropland land use
fraction changes, which induces a net dust direct effective radiative
forcing of -0.041 W m-2 at top of the atmosphere. This AD-induced
cooling exceeds 10% of the total anthropogenic aerosol direct effective
radiative forcing from 1750 to 2014 estimated by the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report. Our findings indicate
an important role of AD in the regional and global climate changes,
which should be included in future climate change assessments.
A case study for the use of ultrastable laser interferometry and optical fibers in the detection of seismic activities in the Andaman subduction zone
Authors: Das Manoj
Published: July 2023

Measurement of ocean floor seismic activity is crucial for earthquake and other geophysical studies. Due to the movement of oceanic and continental plates, the Andaman subduction zone is heavily prone to dynamic earth activities. In this communication, I report on the use of optical fibers as sensors and ultrastable laser interferometry as detectors for monitoring such seismic activities. I will present a proposal for the use of submarine optical fiber cables, lying between mainland India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, in the detection of earthquakes in the Andaman Subduction zone.
Entre confusiones y distracciones: mestizaje y racismo anti-negro en México
Authors: Moreno Figueroa Mónica G.
Published: July 2023

El argumento central que presento en este artículo es que la pieza clave que mantiene al mestizaje como proyecto racial mexicano en operación, y por ende la estabilidad de la identidad nacional, es el racismo anti-negro. Es más, una característica permanente y necesaria para el proyecto del mestizaje es una aversión continua a la negridad o lo ‘negro’ como idea, y un desfavorecimiento persistente de, la población racializada como negra. Esto quiere decir que el imaginario del ser mexicano se basa en la idea de que 1) no hay personas mexicanas negras (como una cuestión ontológica), y 2) hay que distanciarse de lo que represente lo negro. Así, la aparente negación y/o exclusión de la población negra del imaginario nacional es una estrategia necesaria para el mantenimiento mismo de la identidad nacional. En este momento en que entramos a la década del 2020 con una fuerte tendencia multicultural, en el que hay una creciente movilización de organizaciones negras y afrodescendientes en el país, con el reciente logro del reconocimiento constitucional del sujeto afromexicano en 2019 y la inclusión de la pregunta sobre autoidentificación negra en el censo nacional 2020, la relación entre mestizaje y racismo anti-negro se está reconfigurando. En esta reconfiguración hay un debate, a veces álgido y confuso, sobre qué es lo negro y cómo debe nombrarse y comprenderse.
Exploring Key Quality Indicators (KQIS) in Green Office Buildings Through Pareto Analysis
Authors: Halicioglu Fahriye Hilal , Demirkapi Hande Betul , Gurel Kubra , Kasul Nurdan
Published: July 2023

Ensuring higher user satisfaction while reducing building energy consumption is one of the challenges faced by the green building industry since quality comes into view at the level of responding to the environmental and sustainable expectations, health, and comfort needs of green building users. The main objective of this study is to explore the quality indicators in green office buildings. It attempts to answer the question: What are the key quality indicators in evaluating user satisfaction during the operational stage of green office buildings? To that end, a systematic case study review and Pareto analysis are used as a methodological approach. Firstly, a literature review was conducted to determine the quality indicators. Following that, the Pareto analysis was used to find key quality indicators in the literature dataset according to their occurrence frequencies. Finally, the study identified a total of 37 quality indicators and concluded by presenting 23 key quality indicators (kQIs) affecting satisfaction in green office buildings. This study draws attention to the fact that user-oriented quality improvement by getting feedback from the user experiences is inevitable for achieving sustainability goals in green office buildings. It contributes to understanding quality indicators for assessing and enhancing user satisfaction in green office buildings and fills the knowledge gap in the quality improvement of green office buildings.
Lime-Stabilized Solid-Waste Blends as Alternative Building Blocks in Construction
Authors: James Jijo , Gobinathan Ayyapakam Ranganathan , Balaji Adhimoolam Kannan , Ashwin Saravanan , Aravind Chinnathurai
Published: July 2023

Stabilized blocks have been gaining ground in recent times. Stabilized solid waste blocks provide an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fired bricks. The present investigation dealt with the development of lime stabilized blended solid waste blocks comprising fly ash (FA), steel slag (SS) and phosphogypsum (PG). The PG content was limited to 10% and the proportion of FA:SS was varied in the remaining 90% in the ratios of 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1. The blends were stabilized using 2%, 4% and 6% lime. The blends were dry mixed, followed by the addition of a sufficient quantity of water to obtain a uniform wet mix. This mix was then packed into moulds to cast blocks. The blocks were demoulded after 24 hours under wet gunny bags and cured in water for 7 days. Similarly, the blends were also mixed with sand to prepare solid waste mortars blocks and cured for 7 days. At the end of their stipulated curing periods, the stabilized solid waste blocks and mortar blocks were tested for their compressive strength. The results of the investigation revealed that the mix LFSP621 developed the maximum strength of all combinations tested and hence, it can be concluded that the solid waste blend consisting of 60% FA, 30% SS and 10% PG stabilized with a further 6% lime by weight of the solid waste mix was the most optimal mix for developing maximum strength of the solid waste blocks. The mortar blocks, however, met with limited success. Thus, it can be concluded that stabilized solid waste blocks can become an effective alternative building material.
Strength Reduction Method in the Stability Assessment of Vegetated Slopes
Authors: Świtała Barbara
Published: July 2023

The thoughtful design and mitigation of ecological slope stabilization measures rely heavily on the reliable assessment of the stability of vegetated slopes. This is a complex problem due to the many aspects of vegetation presence that must be taken into account. The numerical model should be able to consider mechanical root reinforcement and root water uptake, which can lead to soil desaturation. This paper presents the application of the strength reduction method to the Modified Cam-Clay model for unsaturated, root-reinforced soils, which allows for the quantitative estimation of slope stability. The technique is implemented in finite element software and tested using several numerical examples. Firstly, the sensitivity of the factor of safety to changes in root constitutive parameters is investigated. In the second example, the stability of the modelled slope is assessed under rainfall of a certain duration followed by progressively modifying soil strength parameters until failure occurs. Furthermore, slope stability is assessed for various durations of the rainfall period.
Air Grilles Designed to Prevent Backflows in Natural Ventilation Stacks – Experimental Investigation
Authors: Koper Piotr , Szpank Dominik
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of the experimental research on the air grills designed to stop backflows in natural ventilation stacks. For each grill pressure drop was measured for different airflow rates, in both flow directions. Two ∅ 100 mm grills working on different principles were tested: one with moving flaps, and one shaped in a way that should greatly increase the hydraulic losses during backflow. For comparison, the ordinary air grill was also tested. The results show that the grill with moving flaps works as intended. With only slightly higher hydraulic losses in the forward direction compared to ordinary grill, it shuts off the backflows almost completely. The other, diffuser-shaped grill doesn’t work as intended. It has very high hydraulic losses in both directions, and the effect of changing the air resistance with the reverse flow is barely noticeable.
Adaptive differential evolution algorithm with a pheromone-based learning strategy for global continuous optimization
Authors: Singsathid Pirapong , Puphasuk Pikul , Wetweerapong Jeerayut
Published: July 2023

Differential evolution algorithm (DE) is a well-known population-based method for solving continuous optimization problems. It has a simple structure and is easy to adapt to a wide range of applications. However, with suitable population sizes, its performance depends on the two main control parameters: scaling factor (F) and crossover rate (CR). The classical DE method can achieve high performance by a time-consuming tunning process or a sophisticated adaptive control implementation. We propose in this paper an adaptive differential evolution algorithm with a pheromone-based learning strategy (ADE-PS) inspired by ant colony optimization (ACO). The ADE-PS embeds a pheromone-based mechanism that manages the probabilities associated with the partition values ofFandCR. It also introduces a resetting strategy to reset the pheromone at a specific time to unlearn and relearn the progressing search. The preliminary experiments find a suitable number of subintervals (ns) for partitioning the control parameter ranges and the reset period (rs) for resetting the pheromone. Then the comparison experiments evaluate ADE-PS using the suitablensandrsagainst some adaptive DE methods in the literature. The results show that ADE-PS is more reliable and outperforms several well-known methods in the literature.
Competency-based medical curriculum: Exploring the preclinical medical teachers’ pedagogical and technical readiness levels
Authors: APRAJITA  , GUPTA RAKESH KUMAR , MOHAN MAMTA
Published: July 2023

Background

The medical curriculum for undergraduates was revised by the Medical Council of India in 2019, after 21 years. We did this study to determine teachers’ pedagogical and technical readiness to implement the competency-based curriculum in medical colleges and determine factors that affect readiness, from their perspective.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the form of an online questionnaire. The qualitative data were coded numerically and were analysed using frequencies and proportions. Pearson Chi-square test was used to study the association among variables.

Results

The majority (85%) of respondents had attended a curriculum implementation training programme; 62.2% with experience <5 years, 56.1% with experience 5–10 years and a minority of 13.3% with >10 years’ experience were ready to a ‘great extent’ to implement the new curriculum; 54.1% agreed to re-frame lectures and 64.9% possessed technological skills to suit the needs of a competency-based curriculum. About 77% agreed that it will provide a rich learning environment, inspire self-directed learning while 52% believed it will promote scientific thinking and provide better learning outcomes in the long run.

Conclusion

Medical teachers had a positive attitude towards implementation of the new curriculum. However, numerous factors such as low teacher–student ratio, textbooks designed according to the traditional curriculum, limited teachers’ training and cumbersome paperwork may hinder its successful implementation. Updation of teachers’ knowledge and skills through seminars/workshops is recommended to facilitate delivery of the new curriculum. Like any other ongoing reforms in medical education, competency-based curriculum is a work in process.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Keinginan Berpindah Bekerja pada Perusahaan Startup
Authors: Mayasari Endah
Published: July 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 telah membuat penggunaan internet meningkat pesat. Indonesia merupakan target utama untuk startup di SEA karena termasuk peringkat pengguna internet tertinggi. Era pandemi hingga sekarang ini, perkembangan startup di Indonesia cukup tinggi tetapi sebanding dengan tingkat PHK yang terjadi. Menurut sejumlah ekonom, tren PHK ini belum mencapai puncaknya. Selama pandemi, pemerintah Indonesia memaksa perusahaan untuk menerapkan sistem kerja WFH yang seringkali membuat pekerja tidak memiliki batasan yang jelas antara pekerjaan dan kehidupan pribadi. Beban kerja yang berlebihan mengakibatkan meningkatnya stres, kecemasan dan mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja karyawan. Kepuasan kerja merupakan salah satu faktor turnover yang lebih terampil. Turnover menyebabkan peningkatan biaya perekrutan sehingga produktivitas organisasi akan menurun dan mengurangi efisiensi organisasi. Turnover intention telah diakui sebagai prediktor terbaik dari turnover karyawan yang sebenarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kepuasan kerja berpengaruh terhadap turnover intention pada karyawan startup di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 116 karyawan startup yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap turnover intention. Semakin rendah tingkat kepuasan kerja karyawan terhadap pekerjaannya maka semakin tinggi tingkat turnover intention karyawan tersebut.
Atores não estatais violentos e instituições informais no Brasil (2008–2018)
Authors: Nobre Fábio Rodrigo Ferreira , Ferreira Daniel do Nascimento
Published: July 2023

As milícias são grupos armados irregulares que surgem a partir de discursos antitráfico de drogas e buscam legitimação através de serviços prestados à população e também do cargo público policial da maioria de seus integrantes. Esse fenômeno é percebido nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro, onde os grupos milicianos dominam algumas regiões, assumem o papel de Estado e passam a exercer o controle da ordem social e econômica local. Este artigo é um estudo de caso em que objetivou-se analisar as relações entre as milícias e o Estado no Rio de Janeiro por meio dos objetivos específicos de apresentar os debates sobre as instituições informais, a violência e os atores não estatais violentos, compreender a configuração e a atuação das milícias no Rio de Janeiro e explicar o arcabouço institucional informal que norteia as condutas milicianas enquanto organização informal. Procurou-se responder à seguinte questão: de que forma as milícias desafiam o poder do Estado no Brasil? Constatou-se que a atuação das milícias em atividades e serviços primordialmente públicos, assim como a infiltração nos meios de governança formal são os meios pelos quais estes grupos desafiam a autoridade estatal.
HABITUASI MEMBACAKAN BUKU CERITA UNTUK KEAKSARAAN AWAL ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Handayani Arri , Purnamasari Iin
Published: July 2023

TK Muslimat NU  Masyithoh 04 Kergon Kota Pekalongan yang merupakan lembaga PAUD di Kota Pekalongan yang mempunyai Program kegiatan membacakan buku cerita untuk anak sebagai gerakan keaksaraan awal.   Pembelajaran  pembiasaan membacakan buku cerita untuk anak sudah diprogramkan dan dilaksanakan oleh guru dan orang tua sejak tahun 2016, namun  untuk yang membacakan buku cerita oleh orang tua  belum maksimal dan belum dilaksanakan secara rutin karena kesibukan orang tua, membacakan buku cerita anak dikembalikan lagi kepada sekolah. Program pembiasaan ini dilaksanakan setiap pagi yang dilakukan oleh masing-masing guru kelas, tetapi pembiasaan membacakan buku cerita belum berjalan secara optimal karena hanya 1 minggu sekali, pendidik kurang dalam menekuni dalam pembiasaan membacakan buku cerita untuk anak. Maraknya teknologi dan pembelajaran daring sehingga anak  sering menggunakan handpone, dan menonton televisi yang ada media gambar bergerak dengan bermacam warna. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh TK Muslimat NU Masyithoh 04 Kergon adalah dengan kegiatan habituasi atau pembiasan membacakan buku cerita untuk keaksaraan awal  pada anak usia dini.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis habituasi membacakan buku cerita untuk keaksaraan   awal anak usia dini. Tempat Penelitian adalah di TK Muslimat NU Masyithoh 04 Kergon Jalan Sulawesi Gg 3 No. 15 Kelurahan Bendan Kergon Kecamatan Pekalongan Barat Kota Pekalongan. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian adalah bulan April – Juni  2022. Subyek  yaitu  pendidik yang berjumlah 5 dan 1 kepala sekolah. Penelitian ini yang diteliti adalah aktivitas guru dalam habituasi membacakan buku cerita untuk keaksaraan awal anak usia dini bagaimana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologsi yaitu melihat fenomena yang terjadi dan tindakan apa yang dilakukan untuk kegiatan tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data mengumpulkan data adalah dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan  dokumentasi. Habituasi membacakan buku cerita dari pendidik kepada anak didiknya dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara rutin setiap hari pada pagi hari sebelum pembelajaran inti dengan durasi kurang lebih 30-45 menit. Terdapat pojok-pojok baca di setiap ruangan kelas. Adanya program sedekah buku setiap 1 bulan sekali dari wali murid.  Habituasi membacakan buku cerita menambah ketertarikan dan minat baca akan buku sehingga untuk mengenalkan keaksaraan awal anak usia dini disamping itu juga  bisa mengembangkan aspek perkembangan bahasa anak dengan baik. Kosa kata anak bertambah, pengenalan literasi dan kegiatan membaca dari kebiasaan yang distimulus oleh pendidik menjadikan  keterampilan anak bertambah.
Yumurtalıqların stimullaşdırılması protokolları aşağı yumurtalıq ehtiyatı olan xəstələr və Duostim protokolu
Authors: I.I. Huseynova
Published: July 2023

Sonsuzluq təqribən hər altı cütlükdən birinin rastlaşdığı bir problemdir. Tam bir il ərzində hamilə qalma cəhdlərində uğursuz olan cütlüyə sonsuzluq diaqnozu qoyulur. 20-44 yaşlı qadınlar arasında birincili sonsuzluq 2% və ikincili sonsuzluq 10,5 %-dir (Mascarenhas 2012). [1] İVF-ə məruz qalanlar arasında zəif stimulyasiyaya cavablı xəstələr 9-24% təşkil edir (Ubaldi 2005). [2] Bunu əvvəldən təyin etmək üçün keyfiyyətli test və ya skrininq testi yoxdur. Yardımçı Reprotuktiv TexnologiyalarCəmiyyətinin (Socety for Assisted Reproductive Technology SART ) və Amerika Reproduktiv Tibb Cəmiyyəti (American Society for Reproductive Medicine ASRM) nəticələrinə əsasən zəif yumurtalıq cavablı xəstələrdə 50% tsiklin dayandırılması müşahidə olunur. [3]
Desempeño del índice de angina renal para predecir el requerimiento dialítico en pacientes críticamente enfermos
Authors: Quintero-Aranda Aniela , Nieblas-Beltrán Luis David , Dehesa-López Edgar
Published: July 2023

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el desempeño del índice de angina renal (IAR) para predecir el requerimiento dialítico en pacientes críticamente enfermos. --- METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva que incluyó a 150 pacientes ingresados a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). El índice de angina renal se calculó a las 24 horas de su ingreso. El diagnóstico y estadificación del episodio de DRA se realizó de acuerdo con el criterio de creatinina sérica de la Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN). Se determinó la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo del IAR para predecir el requerimiento dialítico mediante análisis de curva ROC. --- RESULTADOS: El desempeño del IAR para predecir la necesidad de tratamiento dialítico fue evaluado en la población total y en aquellos pacientes con DRA durante su hospitalización en la UCI. El desempeño diagnóstico fue aceptable con un área bajo la curva (ABC) de 0.89 en la población global y de 0.63 en pacientes con DRA. El punto de corte > 6 puntos del IAR tuvo una sensibilidad del 100% en ambas poblaciones, con especificidad del 73.5% en la población global y del 7.9% en la población con DRA. El VPP fue del 28% en la población global y del 28.6% en pacientes con DRA con un VPN del 100% en ambas poblaciones. --- CONCLUSIONES: El IAR>6 en las primeras 24 horas tuvo un VPP del 98% para predecir el desarrollo de DRA en pacientes críticamente enfermos; sin embargo, tuvo una baja capacidad para predecir el requerimiento dialítico en pacientes críticamente enfermos que desarrollan DRA (VPP 28.6%). PALABRAS CLAVE: Lesión renal aguda, daño renal agudo, insuficiencia renal aguda, índice de angina renal, hemodiálisis.
Transculturalidade, linguagem e educação: diálogos e (re)começos
Authors: BRAHIM ADRIANA CRISTINA SAMBUGARO DE MATTOS , CADILHE ALEXANDRE JOSÉ , GUEROLA CARLOS MAROTO , JORDÃO CLARISSA MENEZES , SCHEYERL DENISE CHAVES DE MENEZES , MATOS DORIS CRISTINA VICENTE DA SILVA , ANJOS FLÁVIUS ALMEIDA DOS , OLIVEIRA FRANCISCO LEANDRO DE , LEROY HENRIQUE RODRIGUES , SILVA IVANI RODRIGUES , SCHMICHECK JOÃO VICTOR , AMATO LAURA JANAINA DIAS , SOUZA LYNN MARIO T. M. DE , PARAQUETT MARCIA , TORRES MARIA DA CONCEIÇÃO DE MÉLO , PIRES-SANTOS MARIA ELENA , LUCENA MARIA INÊZ PROBST , FONSECA MARIANA AUGUSTA CONCEIÇÃO DE SANTANA , CAVALCANTI MARILDA DO COUTO , TAKAKI NARA HIROKO , JUNG NEIVA MARIA , GARCEZ PEDRO DE MORAES , SIQUEIRA SÁVIO , HASHIGUTI SIMONE TIEMI , SILVA SIMONE BATISTA DA , BORTONI-RICARDO STELLA MARIS , MAHER TEREZINHA DE JESUS MACHADO , MOR WALKYRIA MONTE , FAVORITO WILMA
Published: July 2023

Transculturalidade, linguagem e educação: diálogos e (re)começos, organizado por Simone Hashiguti (UNICAMP), Alexandre Cadilhe (UFJF) e Ivani Rodigues (UNICAMP), é uma obra que celebra os 20 anos do GT homônimo da ANPOLL. Nesse contexto de trânsitos geracionais, o livro divide-se em duas partes: a primeira é constituída por entrevistas com linguistas aplicados, membros fundadores GT, como Marilda Cavalcanti, Stella Bortoni-Ricardo, Teca Maher, Lynn Mario Menezes de Souza e Pedro Garcez. A segunda parte é composta por artigos autorados pelos pesquisadores seniores a juniores que vêm compondo o GT ao longo desses 20 anos, vinculados a programas de pós-graduação das grandes áreas de Letras e Linguística em diferentes regiões do país. Temas como ideologias linguísticas, discurso, corporalidades, decolonialidades, educação linguística e formação de professores, além dos atravessamentos transculturais, estão presentes no livro.
IC87201, a PSD-95/nNOS Inhibitor, Ameliorates Heart Rate Variability in the Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Authors: Maryam Mohammadian , Aminollah Bahaoddini
Published: July 2023

Objective: Assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive and reliable method to evaluate autonomic disorders after cerebral ischemia. The present study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic potential of IC87201 in reducing post-stroke cardiac dysfunction. Materials and methods: Cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method in 15 anesthetized adult male rats in three MCAO, MCAO+ DXM, and MCAO+ IC87201 groups, for one hour. Electrocardiogram was recorded before, and 48 hours after ischemia and drug administration, and HRV parameters were calculated from R-R intervals. In the treatment groups, IC87201 and Dextromethorphan hydrobromide monohydrate (DXM) were injected after an ischemic period. Results: After brain ischemia, the R-R interval decreased and consequently heart rate increased. The R-R intervals were used to extract the HRV frequency and time domains, including normalized low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), LF/HF ratio, and standard deviation of R-R interval (SDRR). Normalized LF and LF/HF ratio enhanced 48 hours after ischemia, while normalized HF and SDRR significantly reduced compared to the pre-ischemic state. All HRV parameters had returned to their pre-ischemic level 48 hours after IC87201 and DXM administration, except SDRR, which recovered only in the IC87201 administered group. Conclusion: Based on our findings, it can be concluded that cerebral ischemia significantly worsens HRV parameters as a result of sympathetic overactivity. These changes were reversed by administering DXM and IC87201, but IC87201 has generally been more effective in lowering lesions. As a result, IC87201 can be introduced as an effective substance for the treatment of post-ischemic cardiac side effects.
Noninvasive Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring. How Mechanism-Driven and Data-Driven Models Can Help in Clinical Practice
Authors: Mohamed Zaid , Mihail Popescu , Laurel Despins , James Keller , Marjorie Skubic , Giovanna Guidoboni
Published: July 2023

Continuous noninvasive cuffless blood pressure (BP) monitoring is essential for early detection and treatment of hypertension. In this paper, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in cuffless BP sensors. These include contact wearable sensors such as electrocardiography (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), contact non-wearable sensors such as ballistocardiography (BCG), and contactless sensors such as video plethysmography (VPG). These sensors employ different measuring mechanisms such as pulse arrival time (PAT), pulse transit time (PTT), and pulse wave analysis (PWA) to estimate BP. However, challenges exist in the effective use and interpretation of signal features to obtain clinically reliable BP measurements. The correlations between signal features and BP are obtained by mechanism-driven models which use physiological principles to identify mathematical correlations, and data-driven models which use machine learning algorithms to analyze observational data to identify multidimensional correlations. On the one hand, applying mechanism-driven models to non-linear scenarios and incomplete or noisy data is challenging On the other hand, data-driven models require a large amount of data in order to prevent physically inconsistent predictions, resulting in poor generalization. From this perspective, this paper proposes to combine the strengths of mechanism-driven and data-driven approaches to obtain a more comprehensive approach, the physiology-informed machine-learning approach, with the goal of enhancing the accuracy, interpretability, and scalability of continuous cuffless BP monitoring. This holds promise for personalized clinical applications and the advancement of hypertension management.
Reassessing the Empirical Relationship between Health Expenditure, Governance and Economic Growth in Africa: Analysis of Nigerian Data
Authors: Ikpe Marius , Agu Sunday V. , Okwor Sunday A.
Published: July 2023

As an aspect of human capital, a positive association exists amongst health, productivity, and growth in output per capita. On the other hand, social infrastructure defined by the institution of governance has a direct effect on the environment upon which productive activities take place to determine outcomes. Nigeria like most African countries is bedevilled by the high prevalence of inadequate health financing and poor governance. Health financing for Nigeria consistently has fallen short of the AU health funding commitment of 15% of annual budgetary allocation to the health sector. Secondly, poor governance conditions available resources and shape the state of infrastructure, particularly health infrastructure and socioeconomic conditions. In turn, this determines individuals’ level of exposure to health risks and their capacity to actively contribute to productive activity for growth stimulation and sustainability. Against this backdrop, this study added to the existing literature in the context of Nigeria, by theoretically applying the Solow augmented Mankiw-Romer-Weil structural model in the examination of the impact of government size and governance quality in the health sector, on economic growth. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was adopted in the estimation. Findings show that governance quality adversely affects growth and this reduces the capacity of health spending to stimulate growth by an almost equal margin. As a result, this study recommends legislative backing to the AU health funding commitment in Nigeria.
Investigating lexical categorization in visual word recognition based on a joint diagnostic and training approach for language learners.
Authors: Gagl Benjamin , Gregorova Klara
Published: July 2023

Efficient reading is essential for societal participation, so reading proficiency is a central educational goal. Here we use an individualized diagnostics and training framework to investigate processes in visual word recognition and evaluate its usefulness for detecting training responders. We (i) motivated a training procedure based on the Lexical Categorization Model (LCM) to introduce the framework. The LCM describes pre-lexical orthographic processing implemented in the left-ventral occipital cortex and is vital to reading. German language learners trained their lexical categorization abilities while we monitored reading speed change. In three studies, most language learners increased their reading skills. Next, we (ii) estimated, for each word, the LCM-based features and assessed each reader's lexical categorization capabilities. Finally, we (iii) explored machine learning procedures to find the optimal feature selection and regression model to predict the benefit of the lexical categorization training for each individuum. The best-performing pipeline increased reading speed from 23\% in the unselected group to 43\% in the machine-selected group. This selection process strongly depended on parameters associated with the LCM. Thus, training in lexical categorization can increase reading skills, and accurate computational descriptions of brain functions combined with machine learning can be powerful for individualized reading training procedures.
Attractiveness Centrality: A new centrality formula for travel planning
Authors: ERKILIÇ Eren , AKAY Ali , CİFCİ Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

This current study aims to establish a new centrality formula for tourism destinations in effective travel planning. Based on network analysis, the results provide several formulas for measuring centrality derived from our basic algorithm, which we call the attractiveness centrality for effective travel planning. Since the attractions at some tourist hup-points have an impact on the centrality scores of each destination, they can be utilised for more effective trip planning based on spatial patterns. With this in mind, several implications for future studies and destination authorities were also discussed.
EFFECT OF SODIUM TETRADECYL SULPHATE INJECTION AS SCLEROSING AGENT IN VENOUS MALFORMATION OF ORAL CAVITY
Authors: Masood Khan Muhammad , Shafqat Rehman  , Tahir Ullah Khan  , Mehmoona Rehman  , Saima  Rahat
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To determine the eff ectiveness of using sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam sclerotherapy in the treatment of venous malformations of oral cavity.Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study 21 patients presenting with oral venous malformations at oral and maxillofacial OPD from 1-1-2017 till 31-12-2018 were included. After confi rmation of the diagnosis with color Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, we used direct injections of 3% STS foam using a 25G needle at a dose of 1ml per cm3. The injection was repeated up to a maximum of six times until a favorable response (50% reduction) was achieved. The results were recorded and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Results: The mean age of patient was 37.33±9.91 years. There were 10 males (47.6%) and 11 females (52.4%) patients. Site of the lesion was buccal mucosa in 12(57.1%) patients and 9(42.9%) patients had lesion on tongue. Treatment response showed that only 23.8% patients had complete treatment response, 28.6% patients had good treatment outcome and 33.3% patients had moderate treatment outcome and 14.3% patients had no response. Side eff ects experienced by patients were edema (42.9%), pain (23.8%) and ulceration (19%).Conclusion: STS is an eff ective treatment of VMs and can be used with minimal side effects and favorable results.
Kajian Efisiensi Pengering Gabah Dengan Energi Surya
Authors: Numberi Johni Jonatan
Published: July 2023

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efisiensi pengeringan gabah dengan menggunakan cerobong dan kipas angin untuk menarik udara dari kolektor ke dalam ruang pengering. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Energi Terbarukan, Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura. Sebuah alat pengering dibuat dengan menggunakan pelat seng berketebalan 0,2 mm sebagai kolektor, dan udara panas serta energi surya digunakan sebagai media pengeringan. Alat ini diharapkan dapat mengeringkan gabah secara cepat dengan tingkat pengeringan dan kadar air yang merata. Terdapat tiga variasi ketebalan gabah, yaitu 7 cm, 5 cm, dan 3 cm, dengan berat masing-masing 7 kg, 4,5 kg, dan 2,5 kg. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis untuk menentukan efisiensi pengering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi kadar air gabah hasil panen dari 24,6% menjadi 13,5%-13,8% (kandungan air giling) adalah antara 4 jam hingga 6,5 jam dengan efisiensi antara 12,07% hingga 22,16% untuk alat yang menggunakan cerobong, dan antara 3,5 jam hingga 6 jam dengan efisiensi antara 11,18% hingga 21,49% untuk alat yang menggunakan kipas.
9-PAHSA displays a weak anti-inflammatory potential mediated by specific antagonism of chemokine G protein-coupled receptors
Authors: Wohlfart Paulus , Chehtane Mounir , Luna Ernesto , Mehta Riyaz , Korn Marcus , Konkar Anish , Schwahn Uwe , Petry Stefan , Tennagels Norbert , Bielohuby Maximilian
Published: July 2023

Introduction: 9-PAHSA belongs to a class of endogenous mammalian bioactive lipids, fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA), that are present in circulation at nanomolar concentrations in mice and humans. Published preclinical data suggest beneficial effects of 9-PAHSA treatment on glucose metabolism as well as modulation of immune function. However, receptor molecules with high affinity towards these lipids have not been identified so far.

Methods: In a broad screen of a panel of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) we discovered that 9-PAHSA displays antagonist activity with an IC50 in the micromolar range on selected chemokine receptors, namely, CCR6, CCR7, CXCR4, and CXCR5. The potential immunomodulatory activities in a human cellular model of innate immunity were then investigated.

Results and discussion: In our in vitro experiments, a weak anti-inflammatory potential for high concentrations of 9-PAHSA (10–100 µM) could be detected, as treatment reduced the LPS-induced secretion of certain chemokines, such as CXCL10, MIP-1 beta and MCP. Regarding metabolic effects, we re-investigated 9-PAHSA on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in vitro and in mice confirming conclusions from our earlier study that FAHFAs lack glucoregulatory activity following an acute treatment. In conclusion, the specific interactions with a subset of chemokine receptors may contribute to weak anti-inflammatory properties of 9-PAHSA, but further studies are needed to confirm its in anti-inflammatory potential in vivo.
Extra-neural metastases in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas, H3 K27-altered: presentation of two cases and literature review
Authors: De Martino Lucia , Picariello Stefania , Russo Carmela , Errico Maria Elena , Spennato Pietro , Papa Maria Rosaria , Normanno Nicola , Scimone Giuseppe , Colafati Giovanna Stefania , Cacchione Antonella , Mastronuzzi Angela , Massimino Maura , Cinalli Giuseppe , Quaglietta Lucia
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), H3 K27- altered, are the most aggressive pediatric central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Disease outcome is dismal with a median survival of less than one year. Extra-neural metastases are an unusual occurrence in DMG and have been rarely described.

Methods and results

Here, we report on two pediatric patients affected by DMG with extra-neural dissemination. Their clinical, imaging, and molecular characteristics are reported here. An 11-year-old male 5 months after the diagnosis of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) developed metastatic osseous lesions confirmed with computed tomography (CT) guided biopsy of the left iliac bone. The patient died one month after the evidence of metastatic progression. Another 11-year-old female was diagnosed with a cerebellar H3K27- altered DMG. After six months, she developed diffuse sclerotic osseous lesions. A CT-guided biopsy of the right iliac bone was non-diagnostic. She further developed multifocal chest and abdominal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusions. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) on pleural effusion revealed the presence of H3.3A mutation (c.83A>T, p.K28M). The patient died 24 months after the diagnosis of DMG and 3 months after the evidence of metastatic pleural effusion.

Discussion

Extra-neural metastasis of DMG is a rare event and no standard therapy exists. An accurate and early diagnosis is necessary in order to develop a personalized plan of treatment. Further research is needed to gain further insights into the molecular pathology of DMG, H3K27- altered and improve the quality of life and the final outcome of patients with this deadly disease.
A Mendelian randomization study for drug repurposing reveals bezafibrate and fenofibric acid as potential osteoporosis treatments
Authors: Li Xiao-Hua , Pang Wei-Wei , Zhang Yue , Liu Dan-Yang , Yi Qiao-Rong , Wang Ning , Zhang Fu-Rong , Deng Yun , Chen Xiang-Ding , Greenbaum Jonathan , Xiao Hong-Mei , Deng Hong-Wen , Tan Li-Jun
Published: July 2023

Background: Lipid pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP). Lipid-lowering drugs may be used to prevent and treat OP. However, the causal interpretation of results from traditional observational designs is controversial by confounding. We aimed to investigate the causal association between genetically proxied lipid-lowering drugs and OP risk.

Methods: We conducted two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the causal association of genetically proxied lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of OP. The first step MR was used to estimate the associations of drug target genes expression with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. The significant SNPs in the first step MR were used as instrumental variables in the second step MR to estimate the associations of LDL-C levels with forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD), lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD) and fracture. The significant lipid-lowering drugs after MR analyses were further evaluated for their effects on bone mineralization using a dexamethasone-induced OP zebrafish model.

Results: The first step MR analysis found that the higher expression of four genes (HMGCR, NPC1L1, PCSK9 and PPARG) was significantly associated with a lower LDL-C level. The genetically decreased LDL-C level mediated by the PPARG was significantly associated with increased FN-BMD (BETA = −1.38, p = 0.001) and LS-BMD (BETA = −2.07, p = 3.35 × 10−5) and was marginally significantly associated with FA-BMD (BETA = −2.36, p = 0.008) and reduced fracture risk (OR = 3.47, p = 0.008). Bezafibrate (BZF) and Fenofibric acid (FBA) act as PPARG agonists. Therefore genetically proxied BZF and FBA had significant protective effects on OP. The dexamethasone-induced OP zebrafish treated with BZF and FBA showed increased bone mineralization area and integrated optical density (IOD) with alizarin red staining.

Conclusion: The present study provided evidence that BZF and FBA can increase BMD, suggesting their potential effects in preventing and treating OP. These findings potentially pave the way for future studies that may allow personalized selection of lipid-lowering drugs for those at risk of OP.