bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study between Anterolateral Thigh Flap and Radial Forearm Free Flap in Head-and-Neck Reconstruction
Authors: Tated Sushrut , Yaseen Mohammed , Khurram Mohammed Fahud
Published: March 2021

Background:

Several decades have witnessed the use of free flaps in clinical science. With the advancement and refinement in operative techniques, survival rates of free flaps have increased. There is a need to compare the efficacy and safety of anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and radial forearm free flap (RFFF) in head-and-neck reconstruction surgeries.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare the ALT flap and RFFF in head-and-neck reconstruction.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was carried out among 25 patients posted for head-and-neck reconstruction in whom either a RFFF or an ALT free flap (ALTF) was performed. Group A had 16 patients reconstructed using the RFFF. Group B had 9 patients reconstructed using ALTF.

Results:

Majority of the cases were of buccal mucosa cancer. Majority of the RFFFs were performed in buccal mucosa carcinoma patients (43.75%). Majority of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp underwent ALTF. RFFFs were most commonly performed in oral cavity (43.75%). Most of the cases of ALTF were performed in the midface and scalp. Mean values of pedicle length, flap length, flap width, and flap thickness were significantly less in the RFFF group compared to the ALTF group. However, the mean time of harvest (min) was significantly less in the RFFF group allowing quick harvest. The difference in donor-site complications in the two groups was not statistically significant except donor-site social stigma. Patients of the RFFF group complained of donor-site social stigma due to ugly looking Split thickness skin graft (STSG) patch at the donor site. The average stay in the hospital after surgery was not found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:

ALTF allows a harvest of large tissue for reconstruction as compared to RFFF. Donor-site morbidity is comparable in both the groups except donor-site appearance. RFFFs are harvested easily in less time as compared to Anterolateral thigh free flap (ALTF) due to the complex anatomy of ALTF.
Investigation of the Relationship Between University Students Social Appearance Anxiety and Their Attitudes Towards Aesthetic Surgery
Authors: Önalan Emine , Sahin Sibel YIlmaz , Iyigün Emine
Published: March 2021

Introduction and Purpose:

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting University students' attitudes toward aesthetic surgery.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive study was carried out in the spring semester of the 2018-2019 academic year with the students of the nursing Karabuk University. A form determining the sociodemographic characteristics of the students, the Cosmetic Surgery Acceptance Scale, and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale were used to collect the study data.

Results:

The mean age of the students participating in the study was 21 ± 1.9 years, the mean body mass index was 22.54 ± 3.8, 72.5% were female, and 97.2% were single. The mean scores of the students obtained from the Cosmetic Surgery Acceptance Scale and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale were 45.73 ± 17.68, 34.85 ± 10.05, respectively. A significant relationship was determined between the mean of the Cosmetic Surgery Acceptance Scale and the ages of the students (P < 0.0001). In addition, there was a positive and strong relationship between the mean scores of the sub-dimensions of the Cosmetic Surgery Acceptance Scale (personal, social, and intellectual levels) and the mean score of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

In this study, it was determined that age and social appearance anxiety among university students are the factors that increase the possibility of opting for aesthetic surgery. Before aesthetic surgery interventions, determining psychological factors such as aging anxiety and social appearance anxiety that affect attitude toward aesthetic surgery in psychosocial evaluations and integrating the necessary interventions into nursing care will be beneficial in evaluating the suitability of patients for surgical intervention more accurately, applying more qualified nursing care, and increasing patient satisfaction.
Deprescribing Medications Among Older People to Reduce Polypharmacy at a Comprehensive Academic Medical Center
Authors: Ye Stella , Boyko Sarah , Patel Melissa , Shah Kruti , Turbow Sara , Ohuabunwa Ugochi
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate deprescribing of select high-risk medications (HRMs) in an Acute Care for the Elderly (ACE) unit with pharmacist involvement compared with usual care in older people.DesignRetrospective, single-center case-control study.SettingMedical-surgical units at an urban academic medical center.ParticipantsPatients 65 years of age and older admitted April-June 2019, with 1 or more of the following target HRMs prior to admission were included in the study: acid suppressants, antipsychotics, or insulin. Patients admitted to the ACE unit were included in the case group; all other patients were randomly matched by HRMs in a 2:1 ratio into the control group.InterventionsThe Acute Care for the Elderly pharmacist reviewed patients’ medications to identify and deprescribe select HRMs. Deprescribing was defined as discontinuation, dose or frequency reduction.ResultsA total of 47 patients with 56 HRMs and 89 patients with 126 HRMs were included in the case and control groups, respectively. The primary outcome of HRMs deprescribed were similar between the case and control groups (21.4% and 25.4%;P= 0.56). Among the HRMs deprescribed (discontinued, dose or frequency reduced), 83.2% were complete discontinuations in case patients and 34.4% were complete discontinuations in control patients.
HOMFLYPT homology for links in handlebodies via type A Soergel bimodules
Authors: Rose David E. V. , Tubbenhauer Daniel
Published: March 2021

We define a triply-graded invariant of links in a genus

g

handlebody, generalizing the colored HOMFLYPT (co)homology of links in the 3-sphere. Our main tools are the description of these links in terms of a subgroup of the classical braid group, and a family of categorical actions built from complexes of (singular) Soergel bimodules.
Comunicarse en la escuela plurilingüe: la formación en lengua extranjera del futuro profesorado
Authors: Trigo Ibáñez Ester , Santos Díaz Inmaculada Clotilde , Jiménez López Guillermina
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La necesidad de comunicación en lengua extranjera de la sociedad actual se manifiesta en las políticas educativas que promueven una enseñanza plurilingüe. Este estudio se realizó con el propósito de indagar en la formación en lengua extranjera de los futuros docentes. Metodología: Se diseñó un cuestionario con preguntas sociodemográficas y relacionadas con el aprendizaje de una lengua y se aplicaron unas pruebas de nivel de Cambridge. La muestra de estudio está formada por 427 estudiantes del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Málaga durante el curso 2018/2019. El análisis de los datos se realizó con el paquete estadístico SPSS (v. 22). Resultados: Se ha constatado que un 48,01 % de los informantes cursan estudios de idiomas al margen de la universidad, un 86,48 % no ha realizado ningún curso o estancia en el extranjero, un 99,06 % tiene acreditado algún nivel de inglés y la segunda lengua extranjera para la mayoría es el francés. En cuanto a la relación de estas variables con la puntuación obtenida en las pruebas de comprensión oral y escrita, en todos los casos son significativas. Discusión: Existe una divergencia entre el nivel alcanzado en las pruebas y el nivel acreditado y exigido como requisito mínimo por las administraciones públicas. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos son de gran relevancia para conocer la formación lingüística de un colectivo que juega un papel esencial en la enseñanza bilingüe y para establecer líneas de actuación futuras con objeto de promover la mejora de la competencia en lengua extranjera.
Editorial message
Authors: Haileamlak Abraham
Published: March 2021

Editorial message
“We Prefer the Friendly Approach and Not the Facility”: On the Value of Qualitative Research in Ethiopia
Authors: Jackson Ruth
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Quantitative research is useful for answering ‘how many’ or ‘how much’ questions, while qualitative research helps answer ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions. Most research about health extension workers (HEWs) has been quantitative and few studies examine the experiences of HEWs themselves. This qualitative study draws attention to the gendered dynamics of human resources for health at the community level.METHODS: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with 14 HEWs (two FGDs in Afar Region and two in Southern Nations Nationality and Peoples Region), and interviews with 45 HEWs from Afar Region, SNNPR and Adwa (Tigray Region) were conducted to identify how gender issues affected their well-being. Questions were designed to explore personal safety, stress, autonomy, self-esteem, family, other social relationships, as we wanted to analyze the extent to which these gendered issues affected HEWs in their day-to-day work.RESULTS: By employing female HEWs, the Health Extension Program (HEP) has seen substantial gains in ‘practical’ gender needs by improving women’s access to, and utilization of maternal and child health services. Although the HEP has the potential to be gender transformative by providing employment for HEWs, there is limited evidence that it 'strategically' advances women's position. Many HEWs had heavy workloads, received low pay relative to other public sector jobs and lacked opportunity to transfer or upgrade their skills and advance within the health workforce hierarchy.CONCLUSION: Qualitative research can provide complex descriptions of the social world to better understand what people such as HEWs say and the meanings they give, thus providing explanations for some health problems outside disciplinary boundaries.
Tuberculosis Status and Coinfection of Pulmonary Fungal Infections in Patients Referred to Reference Laboratory of Health Centers Ghaemshahr City during 2007-2017
Authors: Amiri Mohammad Reza Jabbari , Siami Rora , Khaledi Azad
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the most important health concerns. Pulmonary fungal infections have clinical and radiological characteristics similar to tuberculosis which may be easily misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. This study aimed to evaluate tuberculosis (TB) status and coinfection of TB with pulmonary fungal infections in patients referred to reference laboratory of health centers Ghaemshahr city during 2007-2017.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted during eleven years, between 2007 2017, on 3577 patients with suspected TB referred to health centers of Ghaemshahr City. For isolation, sputum smear preparation and Ziehl-Neelson staining in companying with microscopy direct observation and KOH 10% + white Calcofluor staining was used. The culture of fungi was performed on Sabouraud Dextrose agar, Czapek and chrome agar media. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) through Student's t-test, Fisher test, and Odds Ratio. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Of 3577 patients, 10731 smears were prepared, 3.6% (n=130) of patients were identified as smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 86.4% (n=3090) were smear negative and 10% (n=357) drug-resistant TB. The mean age of patients was 48±1.8 years. With increasing age, the prevalence of TB has increased which was statistically significant (P value <0.05). Prevalence of tuberculosis in the age group over than 57 years in males and females had an ascending trend. Amongst the positive tuberculosis patients, 16/130 cases (12.3%) had the coinfection of TB with fungi microorganisms.CONCLUSION: Our findings showed the coinfection of fungi agents in patients with tuberculosis that should be considered.
Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Risk Factors Assessment among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at A Tertiary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Damtie Shewaneh , Biadgo Belete , Baynes Habtamu Wondifraw , Ambachew Sintayehu , Melak Tadele , Asmelash Daniel , Abebe Molla
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease, particularly in diabetic patients, is increasing rapidly throughout the world. Nowadays, many individuals in developing nations are suffering from diabetes which is one of the primary risk factors of chronic kidney disease.METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from February to April 2016. A total of 229 study participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Urine sample was collected for albumin determination by dipstick. The Simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation was used to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors.RESULTS: Of the total 229 study participants, 50.2% were females and the mean age was 47±15.7 years. Among study participants, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was found to be 21.8% (95% CI: 16% - 27%). Of all study participants, 9(3.9%) had renal impairment (eGFR < 60 ml/min/ 1.73 m2) and 46 (20.1%) had albuminuria. Older age (AOR: 5.239, 95% CI: 2.255-12.175), systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg (AOR: 3.633, 95% CI: 1.597-8.265), type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR: 3.751, 95% CI: 1.507-9.336) and longer duration of diabetes (AOR: 3.380, 95% CI: 1.393-8.197) were independent risk factors of CKD.CONCLUSIONS: The study identified high prevalence (21.8%) of CKD among diabetic adults. CKD was significantly associated with older age, systolic blood pressure, type 2 DM and longer duration of DM. Thus, DM patients should be diagnosed for chronic kidney disease and then managed accordingly.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Undernutrition among Exclusively Breastfeeding Women in Arba Minch Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Community-Based Study
Authors: Hassen Tikuye Hadiya , Gebremedhin Samson , Mesfin Addisalem , Whiting Susan
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: In developing countries, women are generally vulnerable to undernutrition especially during lactation because of inadequate nutrient intake. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of underweight, associated factors and mean dietary intake of selected nutrients among lactating women in Arba Minch Zuriya districts, Gamo Gofa, EthiopiaMETHODS: Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select 478 exclusively breastfeeding women. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire, and weight and height measurements. Mean intake of calories, calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A was assessed by using 24-hour recall method on subsample of 73 subjects and compared against the Ethiopian and African food composition tables. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between various independent variables and maternal underweight.RESULTS: The prevalence of underweight was 17.4%. Maternal underweight significantly associated with short birth to pregnancy interval, high workload burden, household food insecurity, less access to nutrition information and low level of women educational status.CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of women suffered from undernutrition and the mean intake of calories, calcium and zinc were below the recommended level for lactating women. Hence, to improve nutritional status of lactating women, strategies should focus on nutrition counseling, improvement in women’s access to labour saving technologies and effective household food security interventions.
Pattern of Vascular Diseases at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Seyoum Nebyou , G/giorgis Dawit , Nega Berhanu
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Vascular diseases are evolving fast in sub-Saharan Africa, but its management is challenged by lack of expertise and infrastructure. In the light of the prevailing challenge, this study was done to see the pattern of vascular disease and its treatment in a tertiary referral hospital.METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was done over a period of one year (February 9, 2016 to February 8, 2017) at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital (TASH) at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.RESULTS: A total of 386 patients were seen at the surgical OPD. Of these, 78(20.2%) were admitted and operate on. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The mean age affected was 39 +/- 10 (Range 12-91 years). On the other hand, 132 (34.2%) patients came with PAD. Of them, 46(34.8%) presented with either frank Gangrene or pre-gangrene stage. The rest 86(65.1%) had claudication pain. The other diseases seen are Varicose Vein, 100(25.9%), Carotid body tumors, 60(15.4%), Aneurysmal diseases, 36(9.1%), Vascular malformations, 34(8.7%), and Vascular injuries, 22(5.6%). During the study period, 28(35.9%) PAD, 22(28.2%) trauma patients, 8(10.2%) Chemodectomas, 8(10.2%) aneurysms, 6(7.7%) hemangiomas, 4(5.1%) varicose vein and 2(2.6%) AV fistula patients were operated.CONCLUSION: The pattern of vascular disease in Ethiopia is becoming a challenge. The gap created due to limited vascular surgeons, poor infrastructure and absent supply chain system has significantly compromised the number and type of operated-on patients. These challenges result in preventable morbidity and mortality.
Prevalence of the Different Types of Palmar Creases Among Medical and Dental Students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Afework Mekbeb
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that identification of aberrant palmar creases may give clues for an early and noninvasive method of diagnosis of certain disease conditions. Toward this purpose, awareness of the normal variants of palmar creases must be first recognized. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the patterns of palmar creases in healthy Ethiopian population among Medical and Dental Students in Addis Ababa.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Right and left palm pictures from 318 (177 females and 141 males) participants were taken using a mobile camera, and evaluated qualitatively. Observations were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, and significance levels for comparisons were set at p<0.05.RESULTS: Aberrant creases were observed in 13.8% of the palms. Simian crease was the most common among the aberrant crease types, followed by Suwon and Sydney. Palmar creases with two and three points of origin were significantly more common, respectively, in males and the females. Minor variants as accessory to the radial longitudinal crease and middle longitudinal crease were also observed.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that aberrant crease types at the observed frequencies may not be indicative of known disease conditions as they occurred in apparently healthy Ethiopians. However, the results of this study, besides revealing the patterns of palmar creases among Ethiopians, could give a baseline for studies aimed at diagnosis of disease conditions based on palmar crease configurations. Further qualitative and quantitative studies of palmar creases in wider populations with various conditions, including ethno-geographic factors, are recommended.
Comparing Perceived Social Support and Perceived Stress in Healthy Pregnant Women and Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia
Authors: N. Sarmasti , SH Ayoubi , G Mahmoudi , S. Heydarpour
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a prevalent side effect of pregnancy. Different studies have reported different results about the relationship between mental stress and blood pressure disorders. In addition, social support is highly important to help women who experience risky pregnancy in adapting to the stressors they experience. This study aimed to compare perceived social support and perceived stress in women with and without preeclampsia.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty pregnant women definitely diagnosed with preeclampsia and 50 healthy pregnant women visiting public hospitals including Hazrat Masoumeh, Motazedi,and Imam Reza in Kermanshah-Iran took part in a descriptiveanalytical study from June 2017 to January 2018. Data gathering tools included demographics questionnaire, social support appraisals scale and perceived stress scale. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS (v.20) using independent t-test.RESULTS: The mean score of perceived social support in the preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia groups were 69.88±7.3 and 76.80±7.6 respectively (P<0.01). The mean score of perceived stress in the preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia groups were 35.6±8.7 and 26.01±5.56 respectively (P<0.01). This means that compared with healthy women, women with preeclampsia perceived more stress and less social support.CONCLUSION: In comparison with healthy pregnant women, women with preeclampsia perceived more stress and less social support. Healthcare providers should recommended to pay more attention to improving social support and attenuating stress inpregnant women.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Nasal Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Colonization among Children in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Elizabeth Tuta Kemi , Olukemi Okesola Abiola , David Umeokonkwo Chukwuma
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization is of public health concern due to increased risk of developing invasive infections and the therapeutic challenges. This concern is more among the vulnerable group. We determined the prevalence and associated risk factors of MRSA nasal carriage among children in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.METHOD: We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional study among 300 children attending the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital recruited through systematic sampling technique. An interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic characteristics and exposure factors. Nasal swabs samples were collected and inoculated on mannitol salt agar and subcultured on nutrient agar to isolate Staphylococcus aureus. We used the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique to detect the presence of mecA gene for MRSA. We calculated the prevalence, prevalence odds ratio to determine risk factors for MRSA acquisition at 5% level of significance.RESULTS: The median age was 1.7 years (6 months-16 years). Males accounted for 60.7%, and 75% of the participants were under 5 years. Staphylococcus aureus colonization was found in 36.3% of the participants while 5.3% of the participants had MRSA identified by detecting the mecA gene. History of recent surgery in the last six months was the only independent predictor of nasal MRSA colonization among the participants (aOR=12.5; 95%CI: 2.7-50.0.)CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of MRSA colonization observed among the children in this study suggests the need to consider screening children with history of previous surgery as infection control and prevention intervention for MRSA.
Geographical Variations and Factors Associated with Childhood Diarrhea in Tanzania: A National Population Based Survey 2015-16
Authors: Edwin Paul , Azage Muluken
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under 5 children in low- and middle-income countries. In Tanzania, diarrhea remains one of the major public health problems. This study aimed to investigate spatial variations and the factors correlated with diarrhea in under five children.METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis using data from the population-based cross section Tanzanian Demographic and Health Survey 2015-16 data. Spatial analysis was done using the Bernoulli model from SaTScan™ software, and a generalized linear mixed model was used to identify the factors associated with childhood diarrhea.RESULTS: The overall reported prevalence of childhood diarrhea for the under five children in Tanzania was 12.1% (95%CI 11.3%-12.9%). The SaTScan spatial statics analysis revealed that diarrhea in children was not random. The odds of diarrhea were 7.35 times higher (AOR= 7.35; 95%CI: 5.29, 10.22) among children in the 6- 11 months age group compared to children within the 48-59 months of age. As mother’s age increased, the risk of diarrhea for the under five children decreased whereas the highest risk of diarrhea was observed in the two rich income brackets richer (AOR=1.70, 95%CI=1.30, 2.22), and richest (AOR= 1.05, 95%CI=1, 1.09). The odds of diarrhea were 1.25 times higher (AOR=1.25, 95%CI=1.06, 1.46) among children with unsafe stool disposal compared to those with safe disposal.CONCLUSION: The socio-demographic factors associated with diarrhea among children were mother’s age in years, current age of the child, wealth index and child stool disposal.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Three Ethiopian Hypertensive Patients Presented with Recurrent Seizure: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Yared Zewde , Yared Yifru
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a potentially reversible neurological disorder of acute to subacute onset characterized by headache, nausea and vomiting, visual disturbance, seizure and altered mental status.Neuroimaging findings are characteristic, which allow early diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting and enable to institute appropriate therapy timely.CASE PRESENTATION: We report 3 adult patients with a history of hypertension presented with recurrent episode of seizure and altered mentation.While all the 3 patients were preliminarily diagnosed with Ischemic stroke, they were subsequently diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after neuroimaging revealed the typical features of the syndrome. They were started on antihypertensive and anticonvulsant drugs. On follow-up examination after 3-4 weeks, the patients showed marked clinical and neuro-imaging improvements.CONCLUSION: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare condition. The presenting clinical symptoms are non-specific and may mimic other neurological disorders. Therefore, early recognition of classic radiographic features is vital to the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome is important as the treatment outcome is mostly favorable.
Prevalence and Predictors of White Coat Hypertension among Newly-Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients in a Tertiary Health Centre in Nigeria
Authors: Dele-Ojo Bolade , Kolo2 Philip , Ogunmodede Ayodele , Bello Haleema , Katibi Ibraheem , Omotoso Ayodele , Dada Samuel
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Failure to diagnose and adequately classify newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients may lead to non-recognition of White Coat Hypertension (WCH) and inappropriate use of antihypertensive medications. This study determined the prevalence and predictors of white coat hypertension among newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients in a tertiary health centre in Nigeria.METHODS: One hundred and twenty newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients and 120 controls were recruited for the study. All the participants had 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) using an oscillometric device (CONTEC®). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.RESULTS: Out of 120 patients, 52 were males and the mean age was 44.2 ± 9.7 years whereas of the 120 controls, 53 were males and the mean age was 44.0 ± 7.5 years. The mean body mass index of the patients, BMI (27.0 ± 4.5kg/m²) was higher than control (24.1 ± 4.5kg/m²), p-value <0.001. The prevalence of WCH was 36.7%. The mean age and BMI of those with WCH were 43.3 ± 11.4 years and 26.4 ± 4.5kg/m2 respectively. Females constituted a greater proportion (70.5%). In multivariate analysis, high level of education and being overweight or obese were significant determinants of WCH.CONCLUSION: High prevalence of WCH existed among participants studied. High level of education and being obese were predictors of white coat hypertension. Hence, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring should be included as part of routine work-up for newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients in order to limit the number of those who may be committed to lifelong antihypertensive medications with its unwanted side effects.
Dynamical Characteristics in Time Series Between PM10 and Wind Speed
Authors: Kang Deok Du , Lee Dong In , Jung Jae-Won , Kim Kyungsk
Published: March 2021

We study the temporal variation characteristics of PM10 and wind velocity in eight South Korean cities. We employ the detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) method to extract the overall tendency of the hourly variation. We ascertain from three-daily and one-weekly intervals that Busan has the negative largest, while Donghae has the positive largest in the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient between PM10 and wind velocity. As a result of Asian dust events, the cross-correlation is statistically significant for the hourly time series data less than two days. Particularly, we discuss whether a cross-correlation is statistically significant or not from random number surrogation and shuffled time series surrogation
Pratique de l’agropastoralisme et changement climatique
Authors: MBAYE IBRAHIMA
Published: March 2021

Les manifestations de la vulnérabilité environnementale liée au changement climatique revêtent un caractère multiforme dans la ville de Ziguinchor. Parmi les plus évidentes soulignées par les populations, nous pouvons faire montre des inondations, de l’augmentation de la température de l’air, de la salinisation des terres et de la baisse de la pluviométrie. À Ziguinchor, une prise de conscience empirique des phénomènes naturels associés au changement climatique semble être une réalité. Pour évaluer l’impact de cette prise de conscience, un indice empirique de vulnérabilité environnementale a été construit à partir des réponses individuelles recueillies lors d’une enquête quantitative auprès de 260 chef-fe-s de ménage, répartis dans les 26 quartiers de la ville de Ziguinchor, à raison de 10 ménages par quartier. Les réponses individuelles et empiriques des chef-fe-s de ménage étaient relatives aux manifestations du changement climatique évoquées plus haut. Grâce à une analyse multi-échelles, une distribution plus hétérogène des effectifs des quartiers et des ethnies a été constatée selon les classes de l’indice empirique de vulnérabilité environnementale. Le changement d’échelle a aussi influé sur la significativité des différences relatives aux représentations ou réponses individuelles (chef-fe-s de ménage) des manifestations du changement climatique. Par ailleurs, si une prise de conscience empirique des manifestations du changement climatique semble s’avérer, l’analyse des réponses individuelles a en revanche révélé que 50 % des chef-fe-s de ménage ignorent les stratégies à mettre en œuvre pour atténuer les manifestations du changement climatique.
Poussières désertiques et types de temps indicateurs du changement climatique. Analyse des fréquences et étude des impacts environnementaux et socio-économiques au nord du Sahel sénégalais
Authors: GAYE Demba
Published: March 2021

Les poussières désertiques constituent depuis plusieurs décennies de véritables types de temps caractéristiques des régions arides et semi-arides. Le nord du Sahel sénégalais en a connu au courant du dernier demi-siècle (1965-2014) une fréquence importante avec des épisodes dégradant fortement la qualité de l’air. L’analyse des valeurs de concentrations en particules fines (PM10), obtenues aux différentes stations de la région, révèle que, comparativement aux normes définies par l’OMS et à la norme sénégalaise sur la qualité de l’air, plus de 80% et 60 à 70% d’épisodes de poussière y dégradent fortement la qualité de l’air. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que ces événements de pollutions lithométéoriques affectent véritablement la visibilité horizontale dans cette partie sahélienne du Sénégal. L’application du test de Pearson aux données de concentration en PM10 et de visibilité minimale lors des événements de poussières désertiques indique une très forte corrélation (r égale à 0.9 pour la station de Saint-Louis, à 0.93 pour la station de Podor et à 0.92 pour la station de Matam) entre les deux paramètres. L’enquête de vulnérabilité révèle que le secteur du transport routier et les activités de commerce sont à leur tour fréquemment affectés lors des jours à mauvaise visibilité horizontale induite par la présence de lithométéores. Ce qui a, dès lors, de véritables conséquences socio-économiques pour cette partie du Sahel sénégalais.
Sécheresse climatique et dynamique éolienne sur la côte nord du Sénégal. Sensibilité dunaire et estimation des débits massiques dans le Gandiolais
Authors: NIANG Souleymane
Published: March 2021

Dans les écosystèmes sahéliens, la forte réduction du couvert végétal, due à l’effet mémoire des sécheresses et d’une capacité moins importante de la force de rétention des sols, a provoqué la création de larges poches de déflation. La vulnérabilité aux transferts sédimentaires dans les paysages dunaires a été une conséquence manifeste du déficit hydrique et de la prépondérance des vitesses morphologiquement efficaces. L’effacement des forces de frottement, couplé aux vents compétents, entretient une remobilisation des cordons dunaires sur le littoral nord du Sénégal. L’objectif de cet article est de quantifier les fréquences directionnelles des vents, des débits solides afin de mieux apprécier l’importance des transferts sédimentaires qui participent à la dégradation progressive des sols des Niayes du Gandiol et à l’accentuation de la vulnérabilité de son système productif. L’approche quantitative permettra de mesurer potentiellement la masse de sédiments qui se dépose dans les cuvettes agricoles du Gandiolais au gré des vents dont le seuil critique est estimé localement à 5,63 m/s. Les cuvettes agricoles enregistrent un colmatage de 2,04 cm/an, créent une parenté génétique entre les formations dunaires et les bas-fonds et diminuent, par ricochet, la fertilité des cuvettes agricoles.
La dynamique des températures et ses risques pour les populations de Djibouti dans le contexte du réchauffement global
Authors: NOUR AYEH Moustapha
Published: March 2021

La communauté scientifique est de plus en plus consensuelle sur le réchauffement climatique de notre planète, phénomène déjà envisagé en 1896 par le Suédois Svante Arrhénius. Le présent article se penche sur la question de la température dans la station de Djibouti sur les 60 dernières années dans le but d’interroger les effets du réchauffement climatique en zone hyperaride. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes appuyé sur les températures enregistrées à la station de Djibouti aérodrome de 1961 à 2015 (plus d’un demi-siècle). Ces températures concernent les maximales, les minimales et les moyennes. En théorie, elles représentent plus de 62 000 valeurs de température. L’étude associe aussi les relevés de l’humidité relative de 2005 à 2015. L’étendue de la période d’étude devait permettre de dégager, si possible, des tendances. Pour une station extrêmement chaude et donc ne possédant pas de marge pour les hausses, la température moyenne n’a cessé de glisser vers le haut. Sur la période étudiée, on note un accroissement de près 2 °C passant de 29,7 à 31,5. Les températures maximales et minimales ont connu les mêmes modifications. Mais ce sont plus les températures minimales qui ont plus gagné des degrés, réduisant ainsi l’amplitude thermique. La température ressentie (en tenant compte de l’humidité relative) s’est établie à des valeurs représentant un danger certain surtout de mai à octobre. Les tendances à la hausse des températures et le maintien de fortes chaleurs, pendant la journée, tendent donc à rendre cette station de moins en moins vivable pour les êtres humains.
An Application of Brand Personality to Green Consumers: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Acharya Anitha , Gupta Manish
Published: March 2021

Green products are increasingly becoming popular in India as a fashion statement. Yet, limited attention has been given to understand why users of green products associate themselves with green brands in India. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of brand personality to green products. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions of green product consumers revealed six dimensions of green brand personality (GBP). GBP is a set of human characteristics associated with a green brand. By focusing on the green brand personality dimensions discovered in this paper, marketing managers can better understand why people buy green products. Companies can use this enhanced understanding to promote their green products in order to enhance sales and encourage/attract non-green product customers to switch to green products.
Using Graphic Elicitation to Explore Community College Transfer Student Identity, Development, and Engagement
Authors: Rodriguez Sheri , Kerrigan Monica
Published: March 2021

The focus of this paper is to illustrate the use of graphic elicitation, in the form of a relational map, to explore community college transfer student (CCTS) identity, development, and engagement at four-year institutions. Using graphic elicitation illuminated aspects of CCTSs that they may not have been able to otherwise verbalize, and was used in combination with interview questions designed to capture participants' development and engagement, investigating how they made meaning of their institutional experiences. A constructivist grounded theory approach was applied, given the lack of available literature pertaining to CCTSs in these areas. This paper draws upon and contributes to the current graphic elicitation literature and provides a detailed outline of the study’s research design and thorough justification of the use of a relational map. The interview questions and relational maps worked in tandem to uncover theoretical themes that contributed to findings. The study's methodological approach, design using graphic elicitation, and limitations are discussed in addition to potential future research using graphic elicitation techniques.
Using Symbols and Shapes for Analysis in Small Focus Group Research
Authors: Omojola Oladokun
Published: March 2021

Substantial literature exists to support the growing importance of focus group research, having been around for decades. Its ubiquity under the scholarship radar is not in doubt while the analyses of findings commonly seen are scholarly and significantly sophisticated. However, these analyses have been found to be limited in scope for fresh adopters of the focus group method, non-literate beneficiaries of research findings and business people who are critically averse to lengthy textual statements about outcomes. This article introduces the use of symbols as a means of analyzing responses from small focus group discussions. It attempts to demonstrate that using symbols can substantially assist in the prima facie determination of perceptions from a focus group membership, its patterns of agreement and disagreement, as well as the sequence of its discussions.
Extending Organizational Memory and Corporate Communications Research via Autoethnography/Autobiography
Authors: Waymer Damion , Logan Nneka
Published: March 2021

Culture, business, and communication are overlapping human phenomena. However, corporate communication methods have yet to embrace the complexity of organizational culture. Since the study of culture is anthropological in nature, we propose foregrounding autoethnography/autobiographical approaches and method to analyze corporate organizational culture. We argue that studying corporate communication, public relations, and society via the lenses of organizational culture and subsidiary organizational memory can provide unique insights into practice of corporate communication and the theorizing of organizational memory research. In this case example, we answer this question: In what ways can autobiographical/autoethnographic narratives of organizational members inform the theory, research, and practice in corporate communication?
Participatory Qualitative Research Methodologies in Health: A Review
Authors: Mangrum Rikki
Published: March 2021

Participatory Qualitative Research Methodologies in Health is an edited collection of essays on the methodologies, challenges, and opportunities of participatory research. It provides guidance in designing and executing participatory studies, and thoughtful examinations of the ethical and practical issues of research partnerships, with particular attention to marginalized or vulnerable people.
When Researchers Embrace an Artistic Lens: A Review of Patricia Leavy’s Method Meets Art
Authors: Mettälä Matilda
Published: March 2021

Method Meets Art offers an enhanced view on how the artistic lens can provide new ways of knowing and become a source of deep enrichment in science; a means to understand everyday realities and the world. It serves as a methods book to all arts-based researchers coming from different disciplines as it includes a comprehensive overview with practical variations and research examples. It may also be of interest to researchers and artists outside the qualitative community from various fields as well as to anyone who wishes to explore the merging of science and the arts.
Beyond the Coding Process: A Review of Margrit Schreier’s Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice
Authors: Dhillon Shahlaine
Published: March 2021

Schreier’s work, “Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice,” is a well laid out book for novices that begins in assuming the reader has little to no prior knowledge in the area of content analysis. Schreier introduces the historical, theoretical, and conceptual frames, which lead to the development of content analysis to include analysis beyond just coding. Using within-chapter summaries, key points, and end-of-chapter questions, this book offers opportunities for reflection to ensure the reader has a full understanding of the information presented. Recommended use of this text is as a supplemental text to more seminal works on content analysis or as a supplemental text for a qualitative course with an emphasis in content analysis.
Perbandingan Handover Model Sbar Dan I-Pass Terhadap Insiden Keselamatan Pasien
Authors: Hastuti Eka Puji , Faridah Ida , Afiyanti Yati
Published: March 2021

SBAR dan I-PASS merupakan model handover perawat, hal tersebut untuk memastikan kelanjutan kelangsungan pelayanan perawatan pasien secara aman dan efektif. Handover merupakan kegiatan vital perawat bilamana tidak dilakukan dengan baik akan mengakibatkan terjadinya insiden keselamatan pasien. Model tersebut sudah dianggap efektif dalam meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan model handover SBAR dan I-PASS terhadap keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit. Metode yang digunakan adalah literatur review, pencarian artikel dengan menggunakan database online PubMed, google scholar, mendeley dari tahun 2015-2020, berbahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan kata kunci SBAR or I-PASS or handover or patient safety.  Proses seleksi artikel dengan menggunakan flow diagram PRISMA. Hasil telaah ditemukan dengan menggunakan model handover SBAR dan I-PASS dapat meningkatkan kualitas komunikasi antar perawat yang berdampak terhadap meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Kesimpulannya adalah belum ada standar praktik terbaik yang terbukti untuk digunakan komunikasi saat handover. Model SBAR dan I-PASS merupakan alat komunikasi yang terbilang efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas komunikasi dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien
Pengaruh Penghasilan Dan Gaya Hidup Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Nelayan Di Kota Medan
Authors: Rismadi Kiki , Siagian Albiner , Siregar Fazida Agustina
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh faktor sosial (umur, pendidikan, penghasilan dan masa bekerja) dan gaya hidup (pola makan, merokok, minum kopi dan durasi tidur) terhadap kejadian hipertensi terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan di Kota Medan. Penelitian bersifat analitik observasional dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol. Subjek terdiri dari kasus dan kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:1. Sampel terdiri dari 53 kasus dan 53 kontrol. Sampel kasus adalah nelayan menderita hipertensi dan sampel kontrol adalah nelayan lainnya yang tidak menderita hipertensi. Hasil uji bivariat dengan simple logistic regression diperoleh pengaruh yang signifikan adalah variabel umur (p=0,000), pendidikan (p=0,008), penghasilan (p=0,000), pola makan (p=0,000) dan merokok (p=0,002) terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada nelayan di Kota Medan. Sedangkan untuk variabel yang tidak berpengaruh signifikan adalah minum kopi (p=0,606) dan durasi tidur (p=0,127). Berdasarkan hasil uji multivariat dengan multiple logistic regression faktor dominan yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hipertensi pada nelayan di Kota Medan adalah pola makan (OR=6,972 p=0,001). Disarankan kepada nelayan agar menghindari makanan yang berisiko hipertensi, berhenti merokok dan istrirahat yang cukup, upaya edukasi kesehatan lebih ditingkatkan dalam upaya pencegahan hipertensi terutama terkait pola makan dan kebiasaan merokok pada nelayan.
Sistem Penerimaan Pesanan dan Penjadwalan Pengiriman Barang PT. Advancednet Indonesia
Authors: Yuliardi Eko
Published: March 2021

PT. Advancednet indonesia adalah perusahan yang sedang berkembang saat ini, namun dalam kegiatan penerimaan pesanan dan penjadwalan pengiriman barang masih menggunakan cara manual seperti halnya dalam proses input data penerimaan pesanan dan penjadwalan pengiriman menggunakan microsoft excel. Berdasarkan kondisi diatas penulis melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan tersebut melalui pengkajian berbagai teori yang relevan dengan teknik studi lapangan, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Penulis mengusulkan solusi dengan pendekatan metodologi waterfall yang terdiri dari, requirement Analisis, design, development, testing, dan maintenance. Serta menggunakan PHP sebagai bahasa pemrograman dan MySQL sebagai database, dan Unified Modelling Language (UML) untuk perancangan perangkat lunaknya. Hasil pengembangan sistem ini mampu memperbaiki siste m penerimaan pesanan dan penjadwalan pengiriman barang yang belum efesien. Sesuai dengan hasil pengujian menggunakan metode blackbox, kasus dan hasil uji coba dilakukan dengan sukses dan secara fungsional dapat menghasilkan output yang diharapkan dalam segi pengguna dan user yang terdapat didalam sistem ini berupa laporan yang dapat di print out.
Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel terhadap Penambahan Turbocharger
Authors: Yunandi Rasdy , Abrar Abrar , Steven Steven
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan zaman yang semakin pesat menuntut perkembangan di segala bidang, bidang teknologi, permintaan program dan menuntut permintaan agar teknologi akrab dengan lingkungan, dan menggunakan atau mengkonsumsi bahan bakar sebesar mungkin secara ekonomis dan kinerja tinggi. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, tentunya diperlukan perangkat tambahan, salah satunya dengan menggunakan turbocharger. Dalam eksperimen ini kita akan membandingkan nilai kinerja mesin saat menggunakan turbocharger dan ketika tidak menggunakan turbocharger saat menggunakan turbocharger yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan tenaga mesin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan daya yang dihasilkan mesin diesel yang menggunakan turbocharger dan mesin diesel yang tidak menggunakan turbocharger, dengan mengumpulkan data sekuder yang telah diuji sebelumnya untuk dianalisis, dan diolah menjadi grafik untuk dapat dilihat perbedaan yang dihasilkan oleh penggunaan turbocharger.