bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Orientation of Oil Flax Stems and Auxiliary Equipment on the Quality of Single Type Fiber in a Tow Preparing Unit
Authors:   Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Novikov E.V. , Soboleva E.V. ,   Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Bezbabchenko A.V. ,   Center for Bast Fiber Crops
Published: August 2022

A comparative analysis of the results of primary processing of whole oil flax stalks in the KP-100L tow preparation unit with the use of additional equipment and with different arrangement of stalks on the feeding conveyor is presented.
Head Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Northern Districts of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Parveen , Jabin Nashat , Mainuddin KM , Khan Rakibul Hasan , Reza AM Selim
Published: August 2022

Objective: To analyze the autopsy findings in the cases of fatal head injuries due to road traffic accidents.
Study Design : Retrospective study
Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Rangpur Medical College morgue among victims of road traffic accidents (RTA) during the period of July 2014 to June 2016. It was conducted to ascertain the patterns of fatal head injuries due to road traffic accidents as documented during autopsies performed at Rangpur Medical College during (July 2014 to June 2016) the two years.
Material & Methods: Road traffic accident are the major causes of death worldwide. Head injuries is the single most common cause of mortality in road traffic accidents; head injuries being the most vulnerable part of the body. Total74 victims were taken from the road traffic accidents and died due to head injury. Aim of the study to find out the patterns of head injuries, their age and site distribution of different type of fractures.
Results: The cases were seen more in the male victims (87.84%) as compared to female (12.16%). Present study showed that the place of occurrence of road traffic accident was more in the urban areas (77.03%) as compared to rural areas (22.97%). No one of the threewheeler riders was wearing helmets at the time of accidents. We observed subdural hemorrhage (SDH) in 63.83% followed by sub arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 27.66% intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) 6.38% and least was extradural hemorrhage (EDH) 2.13% in twowheeler riders. while in three-wheeler riders SDH in 51.85% followed by SAH in 29.63% ICH in 11.11% and least was EDH in 7.41% in cases where skull fracture occurred. Most of the accident occurred at night.
Conclusion: Head injury is one of the important causes of death in road traffic accidents. Most of the deaths occur on spot before any life support can be given to these subjects. The pattern of skull fractures observed in this study was quite comparable to other studies. It indicates that road traffic accidents lead to similar kinds of fatal head injuries throughout the world.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2021; 13(1): 75-79
Lexicographic Multi-Objective Optimization Approach for Welding Flux System Design
Authors: Adeyeye Ademola David , Oyawale Festus Adekunle
Published: August 2022

Multiple response optimization of welding flux performance has been found to be cost effective and useful for the achievement of the best balance among conflicting welding flux quality attributes. Many multi-criteria optimization methods (MCOM) have been applied in flux formulation situations where flux quality attributes are of comparable importance. However, information on applications of MCOM to flux design situations where quality attributes are in hierarchical order of importance is scarce in the open literature. In this study, a Lexicographic Multi-objective Optimization (LMO) model was proposed for handling flux design situations in which the attributes are in hierarchical order of importance. The model was applied using data from literature. Two priority levels were used: acicular ferrite (AF) maximization was assigned first priority while the maximization of polygonal ferrite (PF) content and weld-metal impact toughness (WIT) were assigned second priority subject to oxygen content constraint of 250 – 350ppm. The respective solutions for AF, PF, WIT and oxygen content were 51.19%, 21.80%, 23.70J at -20oC and 315ppm. The corresponding flux formulation was CaO (25.90) MgO (15.00) CaF2 (31.10) and Al2O3 (8.00%). Various priority structures were used to explore trade-off options and to generate three more pareto efficient solutions from which the flux formulator can select the most preferred one. The proposed model has filled the existing gap in the literature being a pioneering work in the application of lexicographic multi-objective optimization method in welding flux design.
Integrated Modeling of Natural Tin Photoactivation
Authors: Oprea Cristiana , Mihul Alexandru , Ioan Oprea Alexandru
Published: August 2022

In this study photoactivation reaction cross-sections on natural Sn were evaluated in the GDR region for incident neutron energy up to some ten’s of MeV’s. For each Sn isotope, the contribution of the compound, direct and preequilibrium mechanisms were extracted. The cross-sections and isomer ratios were calculated. The results are compared with existing experimental data obtained by Bremsstrahlung source and activation methods.

Theoretical evaluations of the photoactivation cross-sections obtained with Talys are in good agreement with existing experimental data. Taking into account the satisfactory description of experimental cross-section data, the isomer ratios for incident photons energy from the neutron threshold (8¸9 MeV) up to 36 MeV were calculated.

If the isomer nuclei are obtained in final states then the isomer ratios were evaluated using the corresponding production cross-sections (sm, sg) in the exclusive (g, 1n) reactions. In the present work, the results of (g, n) reaction on 114Sn and 120Sn nuclei are analyzed.
Education of Teachers for the Implementation of the Citizenship Education in Finland and Estonia
Authors: Beroš Ivan
Published: August 2022

The paper analyses the education of teachers for the implementation of Citizenship education in Finland and Estonia included in the IEA International Civic Education Survey - ICCS 2016. The analysis of the approach to the teacher education for implementation of Citizenship education is based on three theoretical concepts – initial teacher education, teacher competence profile, and teacher professional development. The goals of the analysis are to determine the framework of initial education, the structure of the competence profile, and the modalities of professional development of teachers for implementation of the CE in analysed countries. Research is based on qualitative methodology and method of document analysis. In Finland, initial teacher education for implementation of the CE is based on the assumption and practical support for the principles of democracy and human rights, and in Estonia future teachers are educated for the implementation of the CE through a dual path. Professional development of the teachers is realized through joint action of state agencies and civil society, and the impact ratio of these actors varies between analysed countries with actors of civil society having a dominant role. The teacher competence profile for the implementation of the CE in case of the Finland is explicit and it combines methodical, pedagogical, didactic, social, and moral competence. In case of Estonia some elements of competence profile are implicitly present in the Estonian Qualifications Framework.
Models of private sector involvement in vocational education and training
Authors: Smak Magdalena
Published: August 2022

Since 2008 youth unemployment and poverty have been a challenge for many countries. In order to equip young people in practical knowledge and skills and help them in transition to labour market governments started to invest in vocation education and training (VET). However effective VET is hard to build. In the text I analyse qualitatively data from 23 national reports covering VET systems prepared during Torino Process for European Training Foundation (ETF). The analysis shows that there are many obstacles to overcome: low prestige and attractiveness of VET for youngsters and their parents, aging work force, pending reforms on school management, ability to form partnerships between public and private sector. The text describes successes and challenges connected to private sector involvement in VET and builds on a theory of partnerships from Marriot and Goyder (2009) and Hands (2005). Additionally the paper provides examples of good practices, such as: clear division of responsibilities between schools and employers, tax incentives for employers, cooperation between state, university and companies.
Experiences of Teaching Transformative Pedagogies for Peace-building across Selected Institutions of Higher Learning in South Africa
Authors: Duduzile Mzindle , Zakhile Somlata , Raymond Fru , Reinhold Gallant
Published: August 2022

The primary objective of this study was to report on a series of workshops that were held in three institutions of higher learning on resilience, peace-building and prevention of violence using transformative pedagogies (TP). This progressive approach to teaching and learning is known as an activist approach and it is a reaction to the traditional approach to teaching and learning which perceive teachers as the people who control the teaching and learning process. The study was a mixed method and was premised on transformative paradigm. Data was collected using evaluation survey from participants and reflection from facilitators on the feedback and experiences in the delivery of the workshops in the three institutions. The participants in the series of workshops were the lecturers, student teachers and members of students’ representative council (SRC). The workshops aimed at equipping the participants with the skill to be peace-builders by articulating how the issues of peace and violence manifests and intersect in the South African contexts and beyond. Furthermore, the participants were expected to identify strategies for enhancing education for peacebuilding in their own contexts using transformative pedagogies. The results revealed and provided feedback not only on the effectiveness of the project but also assisted in illuminating the effectiveness of the use of transformative pedagogies in the classrooms and change learners and students to be peace ambassadors.
Moroccan Higher Education in Times of Crisis: a Phenomenographical Analysis of Teachers Experiences with Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors: Amzaourou Oulaid
Published: August 2022

With the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) has abruptly become the mainstream activity in higher education institutions globally. While, in such turbulent times, this mode of instruction has unarguably imposed itself as a lifeline for education continuity, serious concerns remain about faculty preparedness for this massive shift, especially in educational context where online teaching is still in its embryonic stage. This paper reports on a phenomenographical study examining Moroccan university teachers’ experience with ERT and its impact and implications on their instructional quality and post-pandemic practice. Data were collected, using focus group discussions, from a purposive sample involving 36 university teachers from four higher education institutions. Despite some variance in the respondents’ experiences, the findings clearly indicate that teachers were prematurely immersed in online teaching with very little institutional supportive action. Based on the data, teachers faced various and overwhelming challenges significantly hampering their overall online pedagogical responsiveness. Importantly, teachers’ experience with ERT has not exposed their urgent need for professional development in the area of online delivery, but also triggered major changes in their mindset especially in relation to post-pandemic technological acceptance and use.
MIDI in Formal Music Education: Reflections on the Application of MIDI-Oriented Tools in Traditional Teaching and Learning Processes
Authors: Pereira Adrian Estrela , Borodina Daria , Dias Pedro A. , Dung Do T. , Coelho Irênio  C. P. , Mészáros György
Published: August 2022

Since 1983, with the release of the MIDI protocol, new resources have been developed for musical editing, composition, arrangement and performance. Due to the growing expansion of computers’ storage and processing capacities, it has also been possible to increase the quality and specificity of sample libraries. In this context, the following work reflects on possible educational impacts of the research which investigate different audiences’ perceptions regarding audios recorded by drummers’ performances and by MIDI tools. Supported by the respondents’ perceptions, the general aim of this paper is to reflect on the challenges for the application of MIDI-oriented approaches in formal teaching and learning music processes. Excerpted from this, four specific aims can be drawn: 1) to present the basic elements of sampling and MIDI protocol; 2) to systematically and pedagogically describe the procedures employed in the process of sequencing the selected drummers’ performances; 3) to apply quality-assessment questionnaires for the sequencing-generated audios; 4) to reflect on the connections between the questionnaires’ results and the use of MIDI in formal music education contexts. Pursuing these aims, the current investigation employs qualitative and quantitative methods to gather the data, to analyze the materials and to develop the knowledge that will guide the proposed discussions. It is defended that the employment of MIDI resources in music education can be beneficial not only for the development of knowledge connected with digital and modern technologies but also for the improvement of traditionally pursued music competences.
Quenching and partitioning heat treatment: the third generation of advanced high-strength steel
Authors: Penha Renata Neves , Marins Yago Francisco Soares
Published: August 2022

This manuscript aims to present an overview of quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment usually applied to transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and duplex steels (DP). TRIP and DP are the first generations of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). AHSSs present multiphase microstructures that ensure an advantageous combination of strength and ductility.  The Q&P heat treatment process aims to obtain a mixed microstructure with martensite and retained austenite and improve the relation strength/ductility of common AHSS. The retained austenite of Q&P steels is rich in carbon and stable at room temperature. The heat treatment process implicates quenching the steel between the martensite-start (Ms) and martensite-finish (Mf) temperatures, followed by partitioning.  Partitioning is an isothermal heat treatment that occurs above the Ms temperature. A diffusion process enriches the remaining austenite with carbon that migrates from martensite. The stability of retained austenite at room temperature improves the mechanical performance of steel, once it increases the material’s toughness and elongation. The optimal control of microstructure originates the third generation of AHSS and enables to reduce of weight and improved mechanical response of automotive parts made of the TRIP and DP steels.
Resolutividade do serviço odontológico público em um município do estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Teixeira Emanuella Dias , Carvalho Cristiane Alves Paz de , Costa Esli Souza , Carvalho Fábio Silva de
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar os procedimentos odontológicos ofertados pela rede pública e caracterizar a resolutividade da atenção básica em saúde em um município da Bahia. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal de caráter descritivo com dados coletados no Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica no ano de 2019. Foram coletados dados referentes ao sexo, a faixa etária, aos tipos de procedimentos realizados na atenção básica, a primeira consulta odontológica programática e aos tratamentos concluídos. Foram utilizados o indicador de proporção de exodontia em relação aos procedimentos clínicos individuais e o indicador de resolutividade.  Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que os serviços odontológicos do município foram mais utilizados por mulheres (62,94%) e pelo grupo etário de 0 a 19 anos (26,24%). Os procedimentos odontológicos do grupo de periodontia básica foram os mais realizados (45,54%) e observou-se alta proporção de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos clínicos individuais (11,14%). Verificou-se que o serviço de saúde bucal do município apresentou alta resolutividade (86,67%), demonstrando que os tratamentos iniciados em sua maioria conseguiram ser concluídos. Conclusão: O município apresentou alto índice de resolutividade para os serviços odontológicos na atenção básica no período estudado. Os indicadores adotados no estudo podem auxiliar na implementação de ações que promovam a melhoria na qualidade do serviço de saúde bucal e que atenda às necessidades em saúde da população.
Avaliação da prevalência e fatores predisponentes da hipersensibilidade dentinária em pacientes atendidos em uma clínica escola de odontologia
Authors: Lima Haroldo Gonçalves de , Correia Valeska Raulino da Cunha , Tavares André Higor dos Santos , Custódio Lorena Layanne Pereira , Vale Maria Luiza Barbosa do , Tavares Paloma Galdino , Santos Natália Rodrigues , Correia Ana Carolina de Carvalho , Guênes Gyselle Tenório , Guênes Gymenna Maria Tenório
Published: August 2022

A hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical é um fenômeno sintomático de difícil solução para o cirurgião-dentista relacionado à clínica odontológica que possui alguns fatores predisponentes como a lesão cervical não cariosa, recessão gengival, cálculo dentário e tratamento periodontal. Esses fatores podem causar desnudamento da superfície de esmalte e exposição dos túbulos dentinários, provocando hipersensibilidade. Este foi um estudo observacional transversal com participação aleatória de 88 pessoas, através da coleta de dados por meio de questionários e exame clínico. Tem como objetivo examinar a prevalência da hipersensibilidade dentinária e seus fatores predisponentes em pacientes atendidos na Clínica de Odontologia das Faculdades Integradas de Patos e na Faculdades Unidas do Norte de Minas – Funorte, campus de Campina Grande. A partir dos exames clínicos e dos questionários, identificou-se uma alta prevalência de hipersensibilidade dentinária na população estudada e a recessão gengival, lesão cervical não cariosa e escovar os dentes três vezes ou mais ao longo do dia em sentido circular foram considerados fatores de risco importantes para a HSDC. Ademais, os pré-molares foram os dentes mais afetados com a hipersensibilidade dentinária.
Effectiveness of learning and motivation to use google classroom on critical thinking skills
Authors: Herlina Meti , Syahfitri Jayanti
Published: August 2022

The effectiveness of learning is said to be successful if all learning can be fulfilled. One of them is learning motivation. Learning that can increase the effectiveness of learning and student motivation towards critical thinking skills is electronic learning with the google classroom application. E-learning can measure students' motivation to learn and their critical thinking skills. Students are considered successful when they achieve their learning goals. But in reality, students have not shown motivation and critical thinking skills. This is what makes learning activities less effective and efficient. Students tend to be lazy to think and express their opinions. During the learning process, students need to be motivated to be interested in learning, thinking and understanding the material. It is the responsibility of the lecturer to always innovate in the learning process in order to stimulate motivation and critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of learning effectiveness and motivation using google classroom on critical thinking skills in educational research methods courses. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental). The design used is the non-equivalent group design. The research population was all students of the fifth semester of Biology Education, which amounted to 65 students which were divided into 2 classes, while the sample was class A, which amounted to 35 people. The method of collecting data on the effectiveness of learning and motivation uses a questionnaire while the ability to think critically uses a test. Then the data were analyzed using the anacova test. Based on the results of the research through the anacova test, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of learning and motivation using google classroom has an influence on the critical thinking skills of the fifth semester students of FKIP UMB for the 2020/2021 academic year.
The relationship between student's perceptions of the learning environment with learning outcomes of the immune system in distance learning
Authors: Cahyati Fitria Nur , Miarsyah Mieke , Rahayu Sri
Published: August 2022

Students' perception of the learning environment is the process of students interpreting the learning experiences they receive. The learning environment is an external factor that has an important role in the learning process, namely as a place to facilitate students and teachers in achieving learning goals. Therefore, it is necessary to have a good learning environment so that the learning process runs smoothly and students' perceptions of the learning environment become positive because this is related to student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the relationship between student's perceptions of the learning environment with learning outcomes of the immune system in distance learning. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 21 Jakarta in June of 2020/2021. The method used was quantitative with a correlational study. The sample in this study was 105 students of class XI MIPA who were selected by simple random sampling. The research instrument for students' perceptions of the learning environment uses the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire with a measurement scale, namely the Likert scale. In contrast, the immune system learning outcome instrument in distance learning is a test based on basic competence (KD) and competency achievement indicators (GPA). The test is in the form of multiple-choice with five answer choices. Giving a score for each question if it is correct, will get a score of 1 and if the answer is wrong it will get a score of 0. The prerequisite Test shows the data is normally distributed and homogeneous. Based on the statistical hypothesis testing results, a significant regression model and the correlation coefficient have a strong relationship. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination was calculated and the R Square value was obtained which indicated that students' perceptions of the learning environment were related to the learning outcomes of the immune system in distance learning.
Performance of Gallus gallus domesticus Induced by Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Powder before Puberty
Authors: Putra Sukarman Hadi Jaya , Bare Yohanes , S Mansur , Tuta Mago Oktavius Yoseph , Bunga Yohanes Nong , Tematan Yohanes Boli
Published: August 2022

The lack of use of turmeric powder by farmers to increase the production of native chicken eggs such as increasing egg weight. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of turmeric powder supplement (Curcuma longa L.) on the weight of native chicken eggs (Gallus gallus domesticus) that had been induced on standard feed before entering the pebertas period. The design of this study is to use a complete randomized design with a total of 3 treatments. Treatment consists of the first; chicken that is not given turmeric powder supplement (P0). Second; native chickens are given turmeric powder supplements at a dose of 216 mg/ chicken /day (P1). Third; is a native chicken given turmeric powder supplement with a dose of 324 mg/ chicken /day. Egg weight data is obtained from the results of measurements made every day when all chickens have laid eggs. One month's measurement data is taken from 28 days of measurement. All measurement data is analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). If the data is influential, it is then tested with a Duncan test with a trust of 95 % (α>0.05).  Supplementation of turmeric powder mixed in daily standard feed before entering puberty can have an effect on increasing the weight of free-range chicken eggs (Gallus gallus domesticus). There was a significant difference in free-range chickens that were given turmeric powder supplements at a dose of 324 mg/ chicken /day (483.6 mg) compared to chickens that did not receive turmeric powder supplements (405.4 mg).
Malaysian Chinese CEOs and Firm Performance
Authors: Foong Swee Sim
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates whether Malaysian Chinese CEOs produce higher firm performance, in particular, the effect of ethnicity on financial performance from cultural dimensions. While the cultural dimension receives widespread attention in economics and sociology research, it has received much less attention in finance studies. The data covered were hand collected information on CEOs and board characteristics of firms listed in Bursa Malaysia over the 2009-2015 period. Using panel regression, the study documented empirical evidence that Malaysian Chinese CEOs deliver higher firm performance, especially if they graduated from overseas. Results are consistent even after controlling for firm level corporate governance characteristics. The findings suggest that Malaysian Chinese CEOs possess some quality traits that enable them to deliver higher firm performance. This is not only due to their cultural beliefs, but education profile as well. These findings contribute practical implications for CEO selection in corporations.
The Mediating Effects of Student Attitudes on the Learning Preferences and Perceived Academic Stress Towards Online Education
Authors: Eric S. Parilla
Published: August 2022

The study investigates the association of the learners' preferences of students and perceived academic stress and the mediating impact of students’ attitudes towards online education. The study participants were the students of the seven major universities and colleges in Ilocos Norte, and they were chosen using a convenience sampling technique. The study employed a quantitative research design and a casual research approach to measure the relationship between learning preferences and perceived academic stress and the mediating effect of students’ attitudes towards online education. Using linear regression, the findings revealed a low positive relationship between learning preferences and perceived academic stress. Moreover, concerning the mediating effect of the students’ attitudes towards online education, using structural equation modelling, the results were that there was an established effect. Implications, conclusions, and recommendations were also provided in the study.
THE STRATEGY OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN IMPROVING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (Case Study at Madinatul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School, Depok)
Authors: Jatmika Agus , Entang Muhamad , Purba Jan Horas Veriady
Published: August 2022

This research aims to determine the strategy of developing human resources in increasing competitive advantage in the Madinatul Qur'an Islamic boarding school, Depok. Through the qualitative descriptive method, the result of the stages of the strategy is obtained. In the planning stage was done by formulating scientific building, capacity and character building. In the formulation stage generated aggressive strategy, namely involving target human resources as partners with various stimuli; refreshing through community service practices; growth strategy through building intellectual, religious, humanist and adaptive characters; defensive strategy through interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary training. Furthermore, the personal competency stage, through improving communication, managerial and business skills, the control stage that focuses on the uniqueness of tahfidz; the supervisory stage, in the form of optimizing the role of HR and the evaluation stage, in order to encourage the sensitivity of human resources to technological developments. The last is development stage, where Ma'had Aly graduates will be facilitated with a formal undergraduate education level to fulfil the demands of stakeholders. It can be concluded that the core resources targeted for human resource development are Ma'had Aly graduates. They are believed to be teaching staff who are devoted, adaptive to technological changes, sincere and trustworthy in carrying out their duties and obeying religious orders and memorizing the Qur'an. This is in accordance with the mission outcome of Madinatul Qur'an education base.
ONLINE LEARNING ASSESSMENT USING THE RECORDING ZOOM MEDIA AT TK COR JESU MARSUDIRINI
Authors: Susanti Maria Assumpta Juniarti Harry , Watini Sri
Published: August 2022

This research is based on a number of phenomena in the field during the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world, including our country, Indonesia, which also had an impact on the world of education, all activities were carried out online or online and carried out from home so that the level of service provided by teachers in early childhood was not optimal. due to lack of direct service. This research uses experimental research method. Collecting data by conducting experiments. The research sample was kindergarten children, totaling 10 respondents at Cor Jesu Marsudirini Matraman Kindergarten, located on Jl. Matraman Raya 129, East Jakarta. This study aims to (1) How is the effectiveness of children's online learning by using zoom? (2) Are there differences in the effectiveness of children's online learning by using zoom and before using recording zoom? The results showed; (1) The use of recording zoom meetings during learning is proven to be more effective and facilitates teachers in assessing learning and providing implementation of the learning process for early childhood students. (2) There is a significant difference between the effectiveness of children's online learning by using zoom and before using recording zoom with a moderate relationship
INDONESIAN DEFENSE DEGREE STRATEGY FACING THE THREAT OF COVID-19
Authors: Kristiyanto Hasto , Yusgiantoro Purnomo , Octavian Amrulla , Midhio I Wayan
Published: August 2022

National defense is faced with an uncertain changing strategic environment. For this reason, in order for a country to be able to maintain the sovereignty and security of its people, a state defense strategy strategy is needed that is adaptive to all changes and potential threats. The strategy of holding power during the COVID-19 pandemic is different from previous conditions. This study focuses on developing a strategy for deploying defense forces that are appropriate to deal with all these threats. The research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques from literature studies. The results of the study prove that the concept of a grand strategy which is a universal defense system has principles that are suitable for dealing with increasingly complex threats in the future.
PENINGKATAN PENANAMAN BUDAYA MELAYU JAMBI UNTUK MEMBENTUK KARAKTER GENERASI MUDA
Authors: Indrayani Nelly , Supian Supian
Published: August 2022

Several Malay cultures resulted from the interactional pattern of community activities. Such Malay culture becomes an identity for the people adhering to it. This identity is its adherents’ different from other cultural adherents. However, corresponding to current demand and cultural dynamic from time to time, Malay cultural identity as this identity cannot always be understood by the younger generation partially or even entirely. Especially, young generation today has been heavily involved in technological developments. This community service aims to foster awareness of Malay culture, and to instill the character of Malay culture to the young generation. The methods used in this activity were dialogue and lecture, and interview methods with a socio-cultural approach. These method and approach were expected to raise awareness of the preservation of Malay culture among young generation which is not only abstract and embodied into ideas, but can also be expressed in behavior reflected by the young generation that will shape its cultural character.
EKSPLOITASI PEKERJA ANAK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Mozin Nopiana , Sunge Maisara
Published: August 2022

Exploitation is very vulnerable to children's lives. Child labor is a form of exploitation that we often encounter in many areas in Indonesia, one of which is in Gorontalo. The exploitation of child labor is carried out not only by the environment and the surrounding community but also often by the parents or close relative of the victim. In addition, wanting to make the family's economic life easy during the Covid-19 pandemic is also one of the factors driving children to become victims of exploitation. State, government and society should pay attention to and protect child labor becoming the victim of exploitation. Likewise, parents must also be responsible for maintaining and maintaining children's human rights. Therefore, intervention by social workers from community and government is needed regarding how to make those categorized as children not vulnerably and easily becoming the victims of exploitation later. The purpose of study is to find out the factors influencing the child workers to become victims of exploitation during the Covid-19 pandemic and how social workers intervene the handling of child labor. The research method used was an empirical normative approach, through studying literature study and facts in the field and then analyzing the data qualitatively and descriptively. The results of study show economic and environmental factors causing child exploitation during the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, this study also discusses the role of social workers’ intervention in this case related to child labors who are victims of exploitation in Gorontalo, through several approaches: religious, legal, journalistic approaches and so on in order to realize the fulfillment of children's rights to be protected from any exploitation.
PRAKTEK PENGOBATAN SUKU SAKAI BATHIN SOBANGA
Authors: Harahap Febri Ramansyah , Amady M Rawa El
Published: August 2022

This study discussed the eastern healing practice in Sakai Batin Sobanga at Sobanga Asal Hamlet, Bengkalis, Riau.  Sakai tribe is well known in the community for its healing practices. Badike is a ritual that has been widely studied from various disciplines, while the ritual practices of other Sakai tribes are not widely known. This is a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach, in which the researchers stayed for two months in Kasumbu Ampai Village, Sobanga Hamlet, Mandau District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau. Data were taken through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with informants. The informants were bomo and several community leaders. The data were analyzed descriptively and then written in the form of narrative using Kalangie and Foster’s eastern healing theory to get a general trend. This study found that the medical practice in the Sakai Batin Sobanga tribe is an integral system, so that a ritual is precondition for the next one. Badike ritual cannot be carried out if personal healing ritual, tetomeh ritual, baulin and jungkul ritual have not been carried out. The Badike ritual is the last stage of the Sakai Tribal healing practice in Batin Sobanga. Religion-based healing and western medicine practices are also found in Batin Sobanga. Bomo is always open to his patients and gives them a space to go to a doctor or tuan guru. This research contributes to the anthropology of health, ethnomedicine, especially its novelty about the process of medical practice in the Sakai Tribe in Batin Sobanga.
ETNOGRAFI GAWAI DALAM PERKAWINAN SUKU TALANG MAMAK DI DESA TALANG SUNGAI LIMAU KECAMATAN RAKIT KULIM
Authors: Agustar Agustar , Hijjang Pawennari , Sidiq Siti Sofro , Resdati Resdati
Published: August 2022

This study discusses the meaning of Gawai in the marriage of the Talang Mamak tribe in the village of Talang Sungai Limau, Rakit Kulim sub-district, the Gawai Ritual is a series of marriage rituals for the indigenous Talang Mamak tribe which includes a series of traditional pre-wedding processions until the device is implemented. The process of getting to the gadget goes through quite complicated stages starting from visiting a woman's house (betandang). taking things from men as a symbol of the seriousness of the relationship (bebibitan). The woman's family goes to the man's family asking for the seriousness of the relationship (menyulu) pick-up, three days left at each bride's house (balek-balekan) until the procession of the marriage contract (sembah mertua), the Gawai ritual has a symbol of meaning contained in it. . This study uses an ethnographic approach to obtain data and interpret data, where the ritual of the gawai is the main focus of this study. There are sacralizations and symbols in gadgets, not only objects but also motion and speech. Gambling and fighting as a form of negotiation between humans and supernatural beings so as not to interfere with the running of the device.
Bioreactor as the root cause of the “manganese effect” during Aspergillus niger citric acid fermentations
Authors: Fekete Erzsébet , Bíró Vivien , Márton Alexandra , Bakondi-Kovács István , Németh Zoltán , Sándor Erzsébet , Kovács Béla , Fábián István , Kubicek Christian P. , Tsang Adrian , Karaffa Levente
Published: August 2022

High-yield citric acid production by the filamentous Ascomycete fungus Aspergillus niger requires a combination of extreme nutritional conditions, of which maintaining a low manganese (II) ion concentration (<5 μg L−1) is a key feature. Technical-scale production of citric acid predominantly uses stainless-steel tank fermenters, but glass bioreactors used for strain improvement and manufacturing process development also contain stainless steel components, in which manganese is an essential alloying element. We show here that during citric acid fermentations manganese (II) ions were leaching from the bioreactor into the growth media, resulting in altered fungal physiology and morphology, and significant reduction of citric acid yields. The leaching of manganese (II) ions was dependent on the fermentation time, the acidity of the culture broth and the sterilization protocol applied. Manganese (II) ion leaching was partially mitigated by electrochemical polishing of stainless steel components of the bioreactor. High concentrations of manganese (II) ions during early cultivation led to a reduction in citric acid yield. However, the effect of manganese (II) ions on the reduction of citric acid yield diminished towards the second half of the fermentation. Since maintaining low concentrations of manganese (II) ions is costly, the results of this study can potentially be used to modify protocols to reduce the cost of citric acid production.
Comprehensive analysis to identify the neurotransmitter receptor-related genes as prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiang , Li Yiran , Shi Yumiao , Luo Jiamei , Zhang Yiqi , Pan Zhiying , Wu Feixiang , Tian Jie , Yu Weifeng
Published: August 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with high morbidity and mortality, which accounts for the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Reports suggest that the neurotransmitter receptor-related genes (NRGs) may influence the tumor microenvironment and the prognosis of patients with HCC.

Methods: The clinical information and RNA-seq data of patients with HCC were acquired from the ICGC-LIRI-JP dataset and the TCGA-LIHC dataset. Effects of 115 NRGs on the prognosis of HCC patients were analyzed in the ICGC-LIRI-JP dataset. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was utilized to generate a risk score formula based on the critical NRGs. Next, the risk score effectiveness was validated both in the TCGA-LIHC dataset and in our clinical HCC samples. Based on the risk scores, patients with HCC were divided into two groups. Moreover, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The gene ontology (GO) was used to analyze the functional enrichments of DEGs and to identify potential signaling pathways. To test the diagnostic effectiveness of our model, the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and nomogram were used. Finally, potential targeted drug prediction was performed based on DEGs of nine clinical HCC samples.

Results: Nine NRGs were correlated significantly with the prognosis of patients with HCC, and eight NRGs were successfully included in the LASSO regression model. The Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival (OS) suggested that patients in the high-risk score group had worse prognosis; on the other hand, ROC analysis revealed a high prognostic value of the risk score in HCC. Several critical signaling pathways, such as lipid metabolism, organic acid metabolism, cell migration, cell adhesion, and immune response, were enriched both in public datasets and clinical samples. Nomogram results also suggested that the risk scores correlated well with the patients’ prognosis. Potential targeted drugs prediction revealed that tubulin inhibitors might be the promising drugs for patients with HCC who have high risk scores based on the NRGs.

Conclusion: We established a prognostic model based on critical NRGs. NRGs show a promising prognostic prediction value in HCC and are potential therapeutic targets for the disease treatment.
Utilization of wearable smartwatch and its application among Saudi population
Authors: Alaskari Entesar , Alanzi Turki , Alrayes Saja , Aljabri Duaa , Almulla Salma , Alsalman Demah , Algumzi Areej , Alameri Rana , Alakrawi Zahraa , Alnaim Norah , Almusfar Latifa , Alotaibi Leyan , Saraireh Linah , Attar Razaz , Bakhshwain Amal , Almuhanna Afnan , AlSanad Duha , Alenazi Fahad , Mushcab Hayat , Alanezi Nouf , Alenazi Naif
Published: August 2022

Study purpose

It is important to understand the users' perceptions toward the use of smartwatches and the various factors that affect the adoption of smart watches. These findings would contribute to the literature in understanding users' usage, preferences, needs, and expectations about smartwatches that would aid smartwatches designers and also decision-makers in integrating the smartwatch technology in various service-enabled areas such a healthcare, e-learning etc. To address this gap, the objective of this study was formulated to understand the actual consumers' perceptions of toward the use of smartwatches and explore the critical factors affecting the adoption and intention to use smartwatches in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was designed to assess the actual perception of use smartwatches and to investigate the influencing factors that affect the utilization among Saudi population using the survey technique. Questionnaire design was based on the domains of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to determine the factors affecting smartwatches utilization. The sample composed of Saudi Arabian residents aged 18 years and above. The response rate for the online questionnaire that was distributed through the social media applications was 58.61% representing 135 participants. The data was collected in November 2020 and analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Software Sciences (SPSS).

Results

The prevalence of participants who had knowledge about smartwatch was 94.1%. When comparing the demographic characteristics between those owning and not owning a smartwatch, it was found that educational level (X2 = 9.365; p = 0.025) and knowledge about smartwatch (X2 = 7.897; p = 0.005) had significant relationship with owning a smartwatch. When comparing between design aesthetic, perceived usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment and healthology in relation to the socio demographic characteristics, it was found that respondents in the older age group (≥45 years) (F = 11.797; p <0.001) and those with master degree (F = 3.449; p = 0.002) observed to have significantly lower mean score in design aesthetic while females exhibited significantly higher score in perceived enjoyment and healthology (T = −3.629; p = 0.001) as well as design aesthetic (T = −2.070; p = 0.043).

Conclusion

Factors such as age, education, gender, income can significantly affect the adoption of wearable devices in Saudi Arabia.
Chemoenzymatic enantioselective synthesis of phenylglycine and phenylglycine amide by direct coupling of the Strecker synthesis with a nitrilase reaction
Authors: Eppinger Erik , Gröning Janosch Alexander David , Stolz Andreas
Published: August 2022

The conversion of rac-phenylglycinonitrile by different variants of the nitrilase from Pseudomonas fluorescens EBC191 (EC 3.5.5.1) was studied and the amounts and chiral composition of the formed phenylglycine and phenylglycine amide compared. Muteins that converted rac-phenylglycinonitrile to extraordinarily high amounts of phenylglycine or phenylglycine amide were tested for the chemoenzymatic enantioselective one-pot synthesis of (R)- and (S)-phenylglycine and (R)- and (S)-phenylglycine amide. The chemoenzymatic synthesis combined the initial step in the traditional chemical Strecker synthesis which results in the formation of rac-phenylglycinonitrile from benzaldehyde, cyanide, and ammonia with the enzymatic conversion of the formed nitrile by the nitrilase variants. The aminonitrile synthesis was optimized in order to obtain conditions which allowed under mildly alkaline conditions (pH 9.5) maximal yields of phenylglycinonitrile and the in-situ racemization of the compound. The racemic phenylglycinonitrile was directly converted under the alkaline conditions without any interposed purification step by cells of Escherichia coli overexpressing recombinant nitrilase variants. The application of a mutant of E. coli defect in a (S)-phenylglycine amide hydrolysing peptidase (E. coli JM109ΔpepA) expressing a highly reaction- and (R)-specific nitrilase variant allowed the synthesis of (R)-phenylglycine with ee-values ≥ 95% in yields up to 81% in relation to the initially added benzaldehyde. These yields indicated a dynamic kinetic resolution which involved the racemization of (S)- to (R)-phenylglycinonitrile under the used alkaline conditions with the concurrent hydrolysis of (R)-phenylglycinonitrile to (R)-phenylglycine. The addition of resting cells of E. coli JM109ΔpepA synthesizing an amide forming nitrilase variant to the final product of the Strecker synthesis and/or using E. coli strains with an intact aminopeptidase gene resulted in the preferred formation of (S)-phenylglycine amide, (R)-phenylglycine amide or (S)-phenylglycine.