bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Highly Eccentric Warm Jupiter Orbiting TIC 237913194
Authors: Schlecker Martin , Kossakowski Diana , Brahm Rafael , Espinoza Néstor , Henning Thomas , Carone Ludmila , Molaverdikhani Karan , Trifonov Trifon , Mollière Paul , Hobson Melissa J. , Jordán Andrés , Rojas Felipe I. , Klahr Hubert , Sarkis Paula , Bakos Gáspár Á. , Bhatti Waqas , Osip David , Suc Vincent , Ricker George , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Vezie Michael , Villaseñor Jesus Noel , Rose Mark E. , Rodriguez David R. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Quinn Samuel N. , Shporer Avi
Published: November 2020

The orbital parameters of warm Jupiters serve as a record of their formation history, providing constraints on formation scenarios for giant planets on close and intermediate orbits. Here, we report the discovery of TIC 237913194b, detected in full-frame images from Sectors 1 and 2 of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), ground-based photometry (Chilean–Hungarian Automated Telescope, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope), and Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph radial velocity time series. We constrain its mass to

=

and its radius to

=

, implying a bulk density similar to Neptune’s. It orbits a G-type star (

=

, V = 12.1 mag) with a period of 15.17 days on one of the most eccentric orbits of all known warm giants (e ≈ 0.58). This extreme dynamical state points to a past interaction with an additional, undetected massive companion. A tidal evolution analysis showed a large tidal dissipation timescale, suggesting that the planet is not a progenitor for a hot Jupiter caught during its high-eccentricity migration. TIC 237913194b further represents an attractive opportunity to study the energy deposition and redistribution in the atmosphere of a warm Jupiter with high eccentricity.
The Tidal Clock Effects of the Lunisolar Gravitational Field and the Earth’s Tidal Deformation
Authors: Qin Cheng-Gang , Tan Yu-Jie , Shao Ceng-Gang
Published: November 2020

State-of-the-art atomic and optical clocks have the great potential to precisely test fundamental physical assumptions and enhance our understanding of nature. Their widespread applications require us to rigorously deduce the relativistic frequency shift in the framework of general relativity. One interesting question for clocks is tidal field effect which contains variously periodic variations. By introducing tidally deformed Earth, the general algorithms for clock and frequency comparisons are derived. We investigate the effects of external gravitational bodies and Earth’s tidal deformation on the ground- and space-based clocks. The orbital elements of satellite and locations of laboratory are introduced for corresponding clocks, in which the secular and long-period terms and short-period terms are subsequently presented. These effects called tidal clock effects produce the non-negligible contributions in the modern clock experiments and can be directly evaluated from our parameterized formulas. In addition, we also demonstrate for tidal clock effects the position and distance dependences, as well as periodicity. These tidal effects and dependences can provide valuable information for the clock comparison experiments.
A Likely Magnetic Activity Cycle for the Exoplanet Host M Dwarf GJ 3512
Authors: Lopez-Santiago Javier , Martino Luca , Míguez Joaquín , Vázquez Manuel A.
Published: November 2020

Current radial velocity data from specialized instruments contain a large amount of information that may pass unnoticed if their analysis is not accurate. The joint use of Bayesian inference tools and frequency analysis has been shown as effective in revealing exoplanets but they have been used less frequently to investigate stellar activity. We intend to use radial velocity data of the exoplanet host star GJ 3512 to investigate its magnetic activity. Our study includes the analysis of the photometric data available. The main objectives of our work are to constrain the orbital parameters of the exoplanets in the system, to determine the current level of activity of the star and to derive an activity cycle length for it. An adaptive importance sampling method was used to determine the parameters of the exoplanets orbit. Generalized Lomb–Scargle periodograms were constructed with both radial velocity curve and photometric data. A careful analysis of the harmonic frequencies was conducted in each periodogram. Our fit to multiple Keplerian orbits constrained the orbital parameters of two giant gas planets orbiting the star GJ 3512. The host star showed an increase of its magnetic activity during the last observing campaign. The accurate fit of the radial velocity curve data to the multi-Keplerian orbit permitted to reveal the star rotation in the residuals of the best fit and estimate an activity cycle length of ∼14 yr.
Canonical X-Ray Fluorescence Line Intensities as Column Density Indicators
Authors: Rahin Roi , Behar Ehud
Published: November 2020

X-ray line fluorescence is ubiquitous around powerful accretion sources, namely, active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries. The brightest and best-studied line is the Fe Kα line at λ = 1.937 Å(6.4 keV). This paper presents a survey of all well-measured Chandra/HETG grating spectra featuring several Kα fluorescence lines from elements between Mg and Ni. Despite the variety of sources and physical conditions, we identify a common trend that dictates the Kα line intensity ratios between elements. For the most part, the line intensities are well described by a simple, plane-parallel approximation of a near-neutral, solar-abundance, high column density (N
H > 1024 cm−2) medium. This approximation gives canonical photon-intensity line ratios for the Kα fluorescence of all elements, e.g., 0.104:0.069:1.0:0.043 for Si:S:Fe:Ni, respectively. Deviations from these ratios are shown to be primarily due to excess column density along the line of sight beyond the Galactic column. Therefore, measured fluorescence line ratios provide an independent estimate of N
H and insight into the environment of accretion sources. Residual discrepancies with the canonical ratios could be due to a variety of effects such as a fluorescing medium with N
H < 1024 cm−2, a non-neutral medium, variations in the illuminating spectrum, nonsolar abundances, or an irregular source geometry. However, evidently and perhaps surprisingly, these are uncommon, and their effect remains minor.
Screening Effects on Electron Capture Rates and Type Ia Supernova Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Mori Kanji , Suzuki Toshio , Honma Michio , Famiano Michael A. , Kajino Toshitaka , Kusakabe Motohiko , Balantekin A. Baha
Published: November 2020

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are believed to be a thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf, but the mass of their progenitors is still an open problem. In near-Chandrasekhar-mass (near-M
Ch) models of SNe Ia, the central density reaches ≳109 g cm−3. The electron chemical potential becomes higher than the Q-values of electron capture (EC) transitions between fp-shell nuclei, so a portion of the available electrons is captured by iron group elements and thus neutron-rich isotopes are formed. Since EC reaction rates are sensitive to the density, the degree of neutronization is a key to distinguish near- and sub-M
Ch models. In order to compare observations and theoretical models, an accurate treatment of EC reactions is necessary. In previous theoretical works, however, effects of electron screening on ECs are ignored. Screening lowers EC rates and thus leads to a higher electron fraction. We implement electron screening on ECs to calculate explosive SN Ia nucleosynthesis in a near-M
Ch single degenerate model. It is found that some of neutron-rich nuclear abundances, namely, those of 46,48Ca, 50Ti, 54Cr, 58Fe, 64Ni, and 67,70Zn, decrease when screening effects on ECs are considered. Of these, 50Ti, 54Cr, and 58Fe are particularly interesting because a significant portion of the solar abundance of these nuclei is presumed to originate from SNe Ia. We conclude that implementing the screening effect on ECs in modern SN Ia models is desirable to precisely calculate abundances of neutron-rich nuclides.
Recurrent Galactic Cosmic-Ray Flux Modulation in L1 and Geomagnetic Activity during the Declining Phase of the Solar Cycle 24
Authors: Grimani Catia , Cesarini Andrea , Fabi Michele , Sabbatini Federico , Telloni Daniele , Villani Mattia
Published: November 2020

Short-term variations (<1 month) of the galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) flux in the inner heliosphere are mainly associated with the passage of high-speed solar wind streams (HSS) and interplanetary (IP) counterparts of coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Data gathered with a particle detector flown on board the ESA LISA Pathfinder (LPF) spacecraft, during the declining part of solar cycle 24 (2016 February–2017 July) around the Lagrange point L1, have allowed us to study the characteristics of recurrent cosmic-ray flux modulations above 70 MeV n−1. It is shown that the amplitude and evolution of individual modulations depend in a unique way on both IP plasma parameters and particle flux intensity before HSS and ICME transit. By comparing the LPF data with those gathered contemporaneously with the magnetic spectrometer experiment AMS-02 on board the International Space Station and with those of Earth’s polar neutron monitors, the GCR flux modulation was studied at different energies during recurrent short-term variations. It is also aimed to set the near real-time particle observation requirements to disentangle the role of long- and short-term variations of the GCR flux to evaluate the performance of high-sensitivity instruments in space such as the future interferometers for gravitational wave detection. Finally, the association between recurrent GCR flux variation observations in L1 and weak to moderate geomagnetic activity in 2016–2017 is discussed. Short-term recurrent GCR flux variations are good proxies of recurrent geomagnetic activity when the B
z
component of the IP magnetic field is directed north.
Internetwork Magnetic Fields Seen in Fe i 1564.8 nm Full-disk Images
Authors: Hanaoka Yoichiro , Sakurai Takashi
Published: November 2020

We studied the properties of internetwork magnetic fields in the solar photosphere, taking advantage of full-disk Stokes V/I maps of the Fe i 1564.8 nm line, which were obtained during 2010–2019. In contrast to most previous studies, we used data with moderate spatial and spectral resolutions. Nonetheless, we were able to distinguish the internetwork field components and the active region/network boundary components using large Zeeman splitting of the Fe i 1564.8 nm line. Thus, our analysis provides a point of view quite different from that of previous studies. We analyzed the data statistically without ordinary inversions, yet we successfully derived some properties of internetwork fields; the internetwork is filled with small-scale magnetic fields, their strength is within the weak field regime of the Fe i 1564.8 nm line (300–400 G or less), and the internetwork fields are highly inclined. Although the results were obtained from the analysis performed from a different perspective, they are consistent with the majority of previous findings. In addition, no notable variation in the properties of the internetwork fields was found during the period covering most of solar cycle 24.
Zero Net Flux MRI Turbulence in Disks: Sustenance Scheme and Magnetic Prandtl Number Dependence
Authors: Mamatsashvili George , Chagelishvili George , Pessah Martin E. , Stefani Frank , Bodo Gianluigi
Published: November 2020

We investigate sustenance and dependence on magnetic Prandtl number (Pm) for magnetorotational instability (MRI)-driven turbulence in Keplerian disks with zero net magnetic flux using standard shearing box simulations. We focus on the turbulence dynamics in Fourier space, capturing specific/noncanonical anisotropy of nonlinear processes due to disk flow shear. This is a new type of nonlinear redistribution of modes over wavevector orientations in Fourier space—the nonlinear transverse cascade—which is generic to shear flows and fundamentally different from the usual direct/inverse cascade. The zero flux MRI has no exponentially growing modes, so its growth is transient, or nonmodal. Turbulence self-sustenance is governed by constructive cooperation of the transient growth of MRI and the nonlinear transverse cascade. This cooperation takes place at small wavenumbers (on the flow size scales) referred to as the vital area in Fourier space. The direct cascade transfers mode energy from the vital area to larger wavenumbers. At large Pm, the transverse cascade prevails over the direct one, keeping most of modes’ energy contained in small wavenumbers. With decreasing Pm, however, the action of the transverse cascade weakens and can no longer oppose the action of the direct cascade, which more efficiently transfers energy to higher wavenumbers, leading to increased resistive dissipation. This undermines the sustenance scheme, resulting in the turbulence decay. Thus, the decay of zero net flux MRI turbulence with decreasing Pm is attributed to the topological rearrangement of the nonlinear processes when the direct cascade begins to prevail over the transverse cascade.
The Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey. II. A Public Statistical Sample for Exploring Supernova Demographics*
Authors: Perley Daniel A. , Fremling Christoffer , Sollerman Jesper , Miller Adam A. , Dahiwale Aishwarya S. , Sharma Yashvi , Bellm Eric C. , Biswas Rahul , Brink Thomas G. , Bruch Rachel J. , De Kishalay , Dekany Richard , Drake Andrew J. , Duev Dmitry A. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gal-Yam Avishay , Goobar Ariel , Graham Matthew J. , Graham Melissa L. , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Irani Ido , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kim Young-Lo , Kulkarni S. R. , Mahabal Ashish , Masci Frank J. , Modak Shaunak , Neill James D. , Nordin Jakob , Riddle Reed L. , Soumagnac Maayane T. , Strotjohann Nora L. , Schulze Steve , Taggart Kirsty , Tzanidakis Anastasios , Walters Richard S. , Yan Lin
Published: November 2020

We present a public catalog of transients from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey, a magnitude-limited (m < 19 mag in either the g or r filter) survey for extragalactic transients in the ZTF public stream. We introduce cuts on survey coverage, sky visibility around peak light, and other properties unconnected to the nature of the transient, and show that the resulting statistical sample is spectroscopically 97% complete at <18 mag, 93% complete at <18.5 mag, and 75% complete at <19 mag. We summarize the fundamental properties of this population, identifying distinct duration–luminosity correlations in a variety of supernova (SN) classes and associating the majority of fast optical transients with well-established spectroscopic SN types (primarily SN Ibn and II/IIb). We measure the Type Ia SN and core-collapse (CC) SN rates and luminosity functions, which show good consistency with recent work. About 7% of CC SNe explode in very low-luminosity galaxies (M

i
 > −16 mag), 10% in red-sequence galaxies, and 1% in massive ellipticals. We find no significant difference in the luminosity or color distributions between the host galaxies of SNe Type II and SNe Type Ib/c, suggesting that line-driven wind stripping does not play a major role in the loss of the hydrogen envelope from their progenitors. Future large-scale classification efforts with ZTF and other wide-area surveys will provide high-quality measurements of the rates, properties, and environments of all known types of optical transients and limits on the existence of theoretically predicted but as yet unobserved explosions.
Analytical and Numerical Studies of Central Galactic Outflows Powered by Tidal Disruption Events: A Model for the Fermi Bubbles?
Authors: Ko C. M. , Breitschwerdt D. , Chernyshov D. O. , Cheng H. , Dai L. , Dogiel V. A.
Published: November 2020

Capture and tidal disruption of stars by the supermassive black hole in the Galactic center (GC) should occur regularly. The energy released and dissipated by these processes will affect both the ambient environment of the GC and the Galactic halo. The single star of a super-Eddington eruption generates a subsonic outflow with an energy release of more than 1052 erg, which still is not high enough to push shock heated gas into the halo. Only routine tidal disruption of stars near the GC can provide enough cumulative energy to form and maintain large-scale structures like the Fermi Bubbles. The average rate of disruption events is expected to be 10−4 ∼ 10−5 yr−1, providing the average power of energy release from the GC into the halo of

erg s−1, which is needed to support the Fermi Bubbles. The GC black hole is surrounded by molecular clouds in the disk, but their overall mass and filling factor are too low to significantly stall the shocks from tidal disruption events. The de facto continuous energy injection on timescales of megayears will lead to the propagation of strong shocks in a density stratified Galactic halo and thus create elongated bubble-like features that are symmetric to the Galactic midplane.
Evolution of C iv Absorbers. I. The Cosmic Incidence
Authors: Hasan Farhanul , Churchill Christopher W. , Stemock Bryson , Mathes Nigel L. , Nielsen Nikole M. , Finlator Kristian , Doughty Caitlin , Croom Mark , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Murphy Michael T.
Published: November 2020

We present a large high-resolution study of the distribution and evolution of C iv absorbers, including the weakest population with equivalent widths

. By searching 369 high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of quasars at

from Keck/HIRES and VLT/UVES, we find 1268 C iv absorbers with

Å (our ∼50% completeness limit) at redshifts

. A Schechter function describes the observed equivalent width distribution with a transition from power-law to exponential decline at

. The power-law slope α rises by ∼7%, and the transition equivalent width W
⋆ falls by ∼20% from

to 3.6. We find that the comoving redshift path density,

, of

Å absorbers rises by ∼1.8 times from z ≃  4.0 to 1.3, while the

Å

rises by a factor of ∼8.5. We quantify the observed evolution by a model in which

decreases linearly with increasing redshift. The model suggests that populations with larger

thresholds evolve faster with redshift and appear later in the universe. The cosmological Technicolor Dawn simulations at z = 3–5 overproduce the observed abundance of absorbers with

while yielding better agreement at higher

. Our empirical linear model successfully describes C iv evolution in the simulations and the observed evolution of

Å C iv for the past

. Combining our measurements with the literature gives us a picture of C iv absorbing structures becoming more numerous and/or larger in physical size over the last

of cosmic time (z ∼ 6–0).
The Kinematic Evolution of Erupting Structures in Confined Solar Flares
Authors: Huang Z. W. , Cheng X. , Ding M. D.
Published: November 2020

In this Letter, we study the kinematic properties of ascending hot blobs associated with confined flares. Taking advantage of high-cadence extreme-ultraviolet images provided by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we find that for the 26 events selected here, the hot blobs are first impulsively accelerated outward, but then quickly slow down to motionlessness. Their velocity evolution is basically synchronous with the temporal variation of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite soft X-ray flux of the associated flares, except that the velocity peak precedes the soft X-ray peak by minutes. Moreover, the duration of the acceleration phase of the erupting blobs is moderately correlated with that of the flare rise phase. For nine of the 26 cases, the erupting blobs even appear minutes prior to the onset of the associated flares. Our results show that a fraction of confined flares also involve the eruption of a magnetic flux rope, which sometimes is formed and heated prior to the flare onset. We suggest that the initiation and development of these confined flares are similar to that of eruptive ones, and the main difference may lie in the background field constraint, which is stronger for the former than for the latter.
GWSkyNet: A Real-time Classifier for Public Gravitational-wave Candidates
Authors: Cabero Miriam , Mahabal Ashish , McIver Jess
Published: November 2020

The rapid release of accurate sky localization for gravitational-wave (GW) candidates is crucial for multi-messenger observations. During the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, automated GW alerts were publicly released within minutes of detection. Subsequent inspection and analysis resulted in the eventual retraction of a fraction of the candidates. Updates could be delayed by up to several days, sometimes issued during or after exhaustive multi-messenger follow-up campaigns. We introduce GWSkyNet, a real-time framework to distinguish between astrophysical events and instrumental artifacts using only publicly available information from the LIGO-Virgo open public alerts. This framework consists of a non-sequential convolutional neural network involving sky maps and metadata. GWSkyNet achieves a prediction accuracy of 93.5% on a testing data set.
Precision neutronic calculations of experiments on the neutron transmission through the reflector layers at the BFS critical facilities for expanding the verification database to justify lead cooled fast reactor designs
Authors: Andrianova Olga N. , Teplukhina Evgeniya S. , Zherdev Gennady M. , Borovskaya Zhanna V. , Zhirnov Andrey P.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of the efforts concerned with expanding the verification database and estimating the calculation uncertainty of the power density in the steel reflector of lead cooled fast reactor designs based on experiments performed in different years at the BFS critical assemblies by analyzing and revising earlier calculation and experimental studies on the transmission of neutrons through the steel reflector layers. The discussion includes experiments at the BFS-66 critical assembly to model neutron and photon fluxes in the reactor core shielding compositions, as well as experiments at the BFS-64 and BFS-80-2 critical assemblies to model the transmission of neutrons and gamma quanta through the reflector layers of various materials. The information provided in earlier materials with the descriptions of the above experiments has been analyzed and expanded through respective data required to prepare precision calculation models for Monte-Carlo neutronic codes. Precision neutronic models have been developed based on actualized and updated data with a detailed description of the BFS heterogeneous structure and experimental devices, and test calculations have been carried out to confirm their efficiency. The calculations of key neutronic characteristics measured at the BFS-66, -64 and -80-2 assemblies were performed using codes based on the Monte Carlo method (MCU-BR, MCNP, MMK-RF, MMK-ROKOKO) with BNAB-RF and MDBBR50 neutron data and the ROSFOND evaluated neutron data library. The developed precision calculation neutronic models of the experiments discussed can be used to justify lead cooled fast reactor designs, to verify neutronic codes and neutron data, and to evaluate the associated uncertainties.
Operating experience and ways to improve the performance of the service water supply system at the Novovoronezh NPP II (Units 1 and 2)
Authors: Povarov Vladimir P. , Statsura Dmitry B. , Usachev Dmitry Ye.
Published: November 2020

The operating experience of Novovoronezh NPP II-1 shows that, in the summer period, the temperature of the cooling water exceeds the design value: this indicates the insufficient performance of the service water supply system. The main factor that has a negative impact on the performance of this system is the formation of carbonate deposits on the cooling tower filler. At Novovoronezh NPP II-1, the cooling tower water distribution system was cleaned from carbonate deposits by the method of combined vibration and aerohydraulic impact. The tested method of cleaning the filler cannot be considered optimal, since the main stage that determines the entire cleaning duration is the assembly/disassembly of the cooling tower filler. It is necessary to continue research on the choice of a strategy for controlling the carbonate deposition rate, taking into account the revealed influence of the design features of the main cooling water pipelines and pipelines of the cooling tower water distribution system on the mechanism of deposit formation in the peripheral spraying area.

As compensating measures to ensure the required temperature regime of the turbine plant equipment at Novovoronezh NPP II-1, it is practiced during the summer period to put the standby heat exchangers of the lubrication system and the standby pump of the nonessential services cooling water system into parallel operation. This solution is fraught with the risk of an unplanned decrease in the electrical load if this equipment is turned off in the event of a malfunction.

To increase the operating stability of Novovoronezh NPP II-1 and -2 in the summer period, it is proposed to carry out a number of measures aimed at mitigating the negative consequences caused by the elevated service water temperature.

Equipment upgrade options are evaluated, e.g., by installing an additional pump for the turbine building services cooling system and (or) laying an additional pipeline to supply part of the makeup water from the Don River directly to the suction pipelines of the pumps of the turbine building services cooling system.
A new species of Cyanea Gaud. (Lobelioideae, Campanulaceae) from Maui, Hawai`i
Authors: Oppenheimer Hank
Published: November 2020

Cyanea heluensis H. Oppenheimer, sp. nov., a new, narrowly distributed endemic species, is herein described and illustrated with line drawings and digital field photos. It is currently known from a single mature plant and is restricted to the upper Helu planeze on leeward Mauna Kahalawai, West Maui, Hawaiian Islands. It differs from all other species of Cyanea Gaudich. with its narrow, shallowly lobed leaves, gently curved muricate corollas, and undulate sepals caducous in fruit. A key to the new species and its congeners on Mauna Kahalawai is provided. Its conservation status and efforts to propagate the species are discussed.
L’enseignement supérieur en France
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: November 2020

Le nombre d’étudiants de l’enseignement supérieur a connu, en France, une évolution irrégulière en fonction des dynamiques démographiques et des taux de scolarisation. La répartition démographique des étudiants montre une singularité du système français, marqué par une diversité d’institutions exerçant des missions différentes. Une approche économique permet d’évaluer la part du Produit Intérieur Brut consacrée à l’enseignement supérieur et l’apport des différents financeurs. Quels sont les besoins du futur ?
Existence and nonexistence of entire positive radial solutions for a class of Schrödinger elliptic systems involving a nonlinear operator
Authors: Yang Zedong , Wang Guotao , Agarwal Ravi P. , Xu Haiyong
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study the positive solutions of the Schrödinger elliptic system

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \begin{split} \left\{\begin{array}{ll}{\operatorname{div}(\mathcal{G}(|\nabla y|^{p-2})\nabla y) = b_{1}(|x|) \psi(y)+h_{1}(|x|) \varphi(z),}& {x \in \mathbb{R}^{n}(n \geq 3)}, \\ {\operatorname{div}(\mathcal{G}(|\nabla z|^{p-2})\nabla z) = b_{2}(|x|) \psi(z)+h_{2}(|x|) \varphi(y),} & {x \in \mathbb{R}^{n}},\end{array}\right. \end{split} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ \mathcal{G} $\end{document} is a nonlinear operator. By using the monotone iterative technique and Arzela-Ascoli theorem, we prove that the system has the positive entire bounded radial solutions. Then, we establish the results for the existence and nonexistence of the positive entire blow-up radial solutions for the nonlinear Schrödinger elliptic system involving a nonlinear operator. Finally, three examples are given to illustrate our results.
Aproximaciones a la población de Panamá Viejo a partir de la arqueología funeraria y la documentación histórica, 1519-1671
Authors: Aram Bethany , Martín Juan Guillermo , Hernández Mora Iosvany
Published: November 2020

Este artículo contrasta los resultados de distintas campañas arqueológicas en Panamá Viejo con los datos registrados en la documentación histórica, preservada fundamentalmente en el Archivo General de Indias. Analiza registros complementarios que permiten profundizar en la problemática de la conservación parcial de distintos tipos de fuentes, así como sus posibilidades y limitaciones. El consiguiente diálogo interdisciplinar elucida algunas de las trasformaciones que atravesó la población de la zona con la incorporación de indígenas y africanos de diversos orígenes.
Los libros-registro de esclavos, el sistema de licencias y la trata con Hispanoamérica en el siglo XVI: análisis y aspectos metodológicos a través del caso vasco
Authors: Ortiz Arza Javier
Published: November 2020

En este trabajo analizamos la estructura de los libros-registro de esclavos conservados en el Archivo General de Indias y su potencial como fuente de investigación para el estudio de la trata con las Indias de Castilla en el siglo XVI. Siguiendo el hilo conductor que los propios libros señalan, identificaremos las fases del sistema de licencias, los diferentes perfiles de los intervinientes y las pautas de actuación asociadas a cada uno de ellos, siempre tomando como telón de fondo el caso de la comunidad vasca.
Tu aimeras tes microbes comme toi-même
Authors: Sansonetti Philippe
Published: November 2020

Si l'histoire de la microbiologie a prouvé que l'existence de « bulles » sans microbes était possible, à quoi ressemblerait un monde sans microbes ?

Entre représentations utopiques et faits scientifiques, Philippe Sansonetti retrace l’épopée des microbes, de leur découverte en 1674 jusqu’à nos jours, et invite à réfléchir sur le regard que nous portons sur ces êtres vivants apparus il y a 3 milliards et demi d’années. Paraphrasant l’Évangile selon saint Matthieu – tu aimeras tes microbes comme toi-même –, il nous alerte sur les dangers de l’appauvrissement en cours de la diversité microbienne. S’il faut maîtriser les microbes pathogènes, il faut également préserver les microbes indispensables à l’équilibre du vivant et de la planète. Cette perspective nécessite des changements drastiques dans nos approches médicales, vétérinaires et environnementales.
Papiers de mémoire
Authors: Dubost-Paris Dominique
Published: November 2020

Dominique Dubost-Paris s’est penchée sur des documents autobiographiques de sa famille : carnets d’exode, récits de guerre écrits, enregistrement audio, lettres, cahiers… Au fil de la lecture de Papiers de Mémoire, des personnages s’incarnent dans toute leur complexité et une histoire se construit, celle d’une famille normande au xxe siècle à qui l’écriture a servi de médiation dans les moments de crise : la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour les principaux acteurs, le choix entre célibat ou mariage pour des jeunes filles des années trente, les bouleversements de la société rurale au milieu du siècle. À la « pulsion autobiographique » s’allie le besoin de transmettre des événements vécus comme extraordinaires, des sentiments d’une époque de sa vie qui ne reviendra plus, ou encore la chaîne des ancêtres qui nous ont précédés.
A Casa-Museu Fernando de Castro: das coleções e das fantasmagorias
Authors: Silva Raquel Henriques da
Published: November 2020

A Casa-Museu Fernando de Castro (Porto) configura um dos mais fascinantes e secretos museus portugueses. Tutelada pelo Museu Nacional de Soares dos Reis desde a sua instituição, o lugar e as colecções estão salvaguardadas, embora, constrangimentos vários (dos financeiros aos funcionais) impeçam que ela se encontre permanentemente aberta à visita pública, o que, neste caso, reforça a dimensão aurática da sua particularidade. Por outro lado, o facto de não existirem documentos que permitam perceber a proveniência dos objectos e os modos como foram reinstalados deslocam o secretismo do museu para o seu instituidor. Fernando de Castro (1889-1946) coleccionou sobretudo talha dourada oriunda de igrejas e capelas conventuais. Nesse tempo, meados dos anos de 1950, a talha não estava na moda, o que lhe permitiu aquisições a preços relativamente modestos. Mas o cerne da Casa-Museu foi o modo como foram instaladas nos espaços da Casa, segundo uma estética de sobreposição e de excesso. São estes os tópicos de reflexão que constituem este artigo, baseado em bibliografias sucessivamente publicadas.
Increased Current Density of a Redox Flow Battery with a Carbon Paper Partially Modified by Porous Carbon Nanofibers
Authors: Ishitobi Hirokazu , Sugawara Satoshi , Oba Kosuke , Nakagawa Nobuyoshi
Published: November 2020

One of the technical issues of vanadium redox flow batteries with a carbon paper electrode and interdigitated flow channel is the relatively low current density due to insufficient active material transport downstream in the electrode and low reaction interface area. In this study, we propose a new composite electrode structure, i.e., a porous carbon nanofiber layer that is partially added on the carbon paper. The current density of the composite electrode was higher than that of the unloaded carbon paper electrode due to the lower internal resistances of the battery. In addition, the discharge capacity and voltage efficiency during the charge-discharge operation were improved by the composite structure.
Electron Density and Effective Atomic Number Measurement by Using a Newly Developing Photon Counting CT System
Authors: Sakurai Hiroshi , Hoshi Kazushi , Harasawa Yosuke , Ono Daiki , Zhang Kun , Nagao Akie , Ohno Yumiko , Sunaguchi Naoki , Suzuki Kosuke , Torikoshi Masami
Published: November 2020

We developed the photon counting CT system by using a conventional laboratory X-ray source and a CdTe line sensor. Attenuation coefficients were obtained from the measured CT image data. Our suggested method for deriving the electron density and effective atomic number from the measured attenuation coefficients was tested experimentally. The accuracy of the electron densities and effective atomic numbers are about <5 % (the averages of absolute values are 2.6 % and 3.1 %, respectively) for material of 6< Z and Zeff <13. Our suggested simple method, in which we do not need the exact source X-ray spectrum and detector response function, achieves comparable accuracy to the previous reports.
Compound Helicopter X3 in High-Speed Flight: Correlation of Simulation and Flight Test
Authors: Öhrle Constantin , Frey Felix , Thiemeier Jakob , Keßler Manuel , Krämer Ewald , Embacher Martin , Cranga Paul , Eglin Paul
Published: November 2020

This work presents the correlation of simulation results and flight-test data for a high-speed (V = 220 kt), high advance ratio (μ > 0.5) flight of the compound helicopter X3. The simulation tool chain consists of state-of-the-art coupling between
the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLOWer and the comprehensive analysis tool HOST. By applying a freeflight trim procedure, the experimental flight state is accurately represented in the simulation. The deviations of most trim controls is below 1°, and the maximum deviation is
less than 1.4°. The analysis of the high-fidelity CFD results illustrates key features of the flow physics at this high advance ratio, such as wake interactions, reverse flow, and advancing side loading. The correlation of rotor dynamics data between simulation and flight test is favorable.
Good accordance is demonstrated for flap bending moments, torsion moments, and pitch link loads. In contrast, the correlation is weaker for the chord bending moments for which it is shown that the interblade damper and drive train model mostly determine the structural loads.
Data transformation: a focus on the interpretation
Authors: Lee Dong Kyu
Published: November 2020

Several assumptions such as normality, linear relationship, and homoscedasticity are frequently required in parametric statistical analysis methods. Data collected from the clinical situation or experiments often violate these assumptions. Variable transformation provides an opportunity to make data available for parametric statistical analysis without statistical errors. The purpose of variable transformation to enable parametric statistical analysis and its final goal is a perfect interpretation of the result with transformed variables. Variable transformation usually changes the original characteristics and nature of units of variables. Back-transformation is crucial for the interpretation of the estimated results. This article introduces general concepts about variable transformation, mainly focused on logarithmic transformation. Back-transformation and other important considerations are also described herein.
Socioeconomic well-being of orphans and vulnerable children in orphanages within Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Okon Goodness J. , Ushie Ekwuore M. , Otu Judith E.
Published: November 2020

Background: The social and economic needs of a growing child are paramount to his or her entire well-being. As the number of orphans and vulnerable children in the country keep increasing, their socioeconomic challenges are also expanding. This research work investigated the socioeconomic well-being of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in two orphanages within Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria.Objectives: Four objectives were highlighted to include unearthing the level of OVC school enrolment: school attendance, vocational training, educational challenges and possible solutions.Method: The study adopted a descriptive research design and used simple random sampling technique to select respondents for the survey. A sample size of 64 was obtained using Taro Yamane’s formula. The respondents comprised 26 males and 38 females, within the age range of 2–18 years. Instruments for primary data collection were structured questionnaire for the children and key informant interview for the caregivers. Data were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences computer software and presented thematically, using simple percentages, frequencies, frequency polygon, bar chart and pie chart.Results: The study revealed that a greater number of OVC were enrolled in school, more than average maintained regular school attendance, few children obtained vocational training and many experienced educational challenges.Conclusion: It was recommended amongst others that the government should provide adequate educational materials to OVC in orphanages, vocational education should be considered as basic education for all children, and individuals and private or public organisations should also provide the OVC with basic support to ameliorate their educational challenges.
Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Internet Addiction in Adolescents During Home Quarantine for the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Meng Shiqiu , Dong Ping , Sun Yaqi , Li Yangyang , Chang Xiangwen , Sun Guangqiang , Zheng Xijuan , Sun Yankun , Sun Yan , Yuan Kai , Sun Hongqiang , Wang Yumei , Zhao Min , Tao Ran , Domingo Coreen , Bao Yanping , Kosten Thomas R. , Lu Lin , Shi Jie
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic threatens physical and mental health of adolescents worldwide and has caused increased risks of dependence and addiction on Internet use during home quarantine. Internet addiction has become an important issue in mental healthcare and its prevention and treatment is of great significance for the development of adolescents. We have gathered leading experts in China and developed this guideline to provide references and suggestions to prevent and treat Internet addiction in adolescents during home quarantine and help them get through the pandemic.
Ciberacoso y cyberbullying: diferenciación en función de los precipitadores situacionales
Authors: González García Abel , Campoy Torrente Pedro
Published: November 2020

Diferentes estudios tratan de identificar las posibles especificidades de la conducta antisocial juvenil en el ciberespacio, situando el contexto en el que se produce como eje del análisis, en el que se incluye, sobre todo, el anonimato. Asumiendo que el comportamiento no ocurre en un vacío contextual, la pregunta es si otras características del entorno pueden explicar estas conductas antisociales. Este trabajo pretende comprobar la capacidad explicativa de los precipitadores situacionales del delito (PSD) de las conductas de ciberacoso (genérico) y cyberbullying (específico), y a través de los hallazgos del presente estudio poner de manifiesto que los menores pueden sufrir dos tipos de ciberacoso, uno genérico y otro específico (cyberbullying). A partir de una muestra de 297 menores de 12 a 16 años se realizan diferentes análisis en los que los resultados obtenidos sugieren que los precipitadores son útiles para explicar estas conductas (21% de la variablidad del ciberacoso y 39% de la variabilidad del cyberbullying). Con lo que se discute la importancia de definir adecuadamente ambos fenómenos y las limitaciones conceptuales y operativas de los precipitadores.
Perfil geográfico de incendiarios urbanos
Authors: Salafranca Barreda Daniel , Maldonado Guzmán Diego
Published: November 2020

No tenemos constancia de la existencia en este país de estudios sobre perfil geográfico desujetos con un comportamiento incendiario en la vía pública, ni tampoco sobreinvestigaciones que hayan comprobado la eficacia de las estrategias del geoperfil paraidentificar, con cierta precisión, el área donde es más probable que resida el responsable delos incendios urbanos. En este estudio se propone, formula y comprueba una calibración enel parámetro B (zona de seguridad) de la ecuación CGT propuesta por Rossmo (1995) paraidentificar el domicilio del incendiario, según sea éste de tipo serial, en masa o espontáneo.Para ello se analizan tres casos de incendiarios: en Santander en 2011, en Palma de Mallorcaen 2016 y en Elche en 2017. El ajuste que se propone para el parámetro B reduce tanto ladistancia de error como los costes de búsqueda en los tres casos estudiados.
Childhood risk and protective factors for early desisters, late desisters and life-course persistent offenders
Authors: Farrington David P.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this article is to investigate the extent to which childhood risk and protective factors predict later persistence or desistance in criminal careers, as it has been argued that childhood factors are not predictive.  In the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, 411 London males have been followed up from age 8 to age 56.  This article investigates age 8-10 risk and protective factors for 37 life-course-persistent offenders (first offense up to age 20, last offense at age 40 or later), 38 late desisters (first offense up to age 20, last offense at age 21-39), 50 early desisters (first and last offenses up to age 20), 41 late onset offenders (first offense at age 21 or later), and 227 nonoffenders.  18 males were excluded from the analysis because they were not at risk of a recorded conviction from age 40 onwards (because of death or emigration).  The results showed that several childhood factors predicted persistence compared with desistance.  Individual and school risk factors (e.g. low popularity and low school attainment) were the most important predictors of whether an offender up to age 20 persisted after this age or desisted.  Family protective factors (e.g. good child-rearing and high parental interest in education) were most important in protecting offenders from becoming life-course-persistent offenders and encouraging desistance before age 40.
La lectura agustiniana de Descartes en Nicolas de Malebranche. La armonía de la verdad: metafísica como epistemología
Authors: Palma Ramírez Manuel
Published: November 2020

La filosofía de Nicolas de Malebranche es el testimonio de una época en la que la fascinación por el racionalismo cartesiano converge con la permanente atracción agustiniana. Este contexto sirve como punto de partida para una reflexión sobre la obra de Malebranche, en la cual se despliega la originalidad de un «sistema», que tiene en las nociones de representación y de visión en Dios sus puntos fundamentales. La metafísica del discípulo de Descartes aparece inscrita bajo el signo de la epistemología, allí donde el conocimiento manifiesta la profunda armonía de la verdad.
PELAKSANAAN TUGAS KEPOLISIAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KONFLIK SOSIAL DI WILAYAH POLDA SUMUT
Authors: Sinaga Lestari Victoria
Published: November 2020

Aspect of social conflict that needs to be considered is violence arising from social conflict. Conflict management aims at preventing how violence does not occur and conflict parties can handle and resolve their conflicts without using violence. Government Regulation Number 2 Year 2015 concerning Act Implementing Regulation Number 7 2012 concerning Handling Social Conflict was made to protect and provide a more optimal sense of community security. Government regions in preventing conflicts optimize peaceful dispute resolution through deliberation for consensus and can involve participation of the society.
KAJIAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA OUTSOURCING PADA PT. ENERGI PEMBANGKITAN
Authors: Sinaga Freddy , Yasid Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Perlindungan terhadap pekerja dimaksudkan untuk menjamin hak-hak dasar pekerja dan menjamin kesamaan kesempatan serta perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi atas apapun untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan pekerja dan keluarganya dengan tetap memperhatikan perkembangan kemajuan dunia usaha dan kepentingan pengusaha. Bahwa adanya perkembangan ekonomi global dan kemajuan teknologi yang demikian cepat membawa dampak timbulnya persaingan diantara perusahaan yang begitu ketat yang menyebabkan perusahaan melakukan pengangkatan tenaga alih daya (outsourcing).
La industria de pulpa de mango: propuesta Inductiva para el municipio de huatabampo, Sonora, México
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico de Huatabampo, Arana Lugo Francisca Rosario , Quintana Durán Rosa Guadalupe ,   Instituto Tecnológico de Huatabampo, Zazueta Arguilez Celia Guadalupe ,   Instituto Tecnológico de Huatabampo
Published: November 2020

Este proyecto tiene como finalidad buscar el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales que se generan en el municipio de Huatabampo, Sonora, México mediante la creación de una microindustria, que permita mejorar la economía de la región a mediano y largo plazo en donde las autoridades del municipio o inversionistas, se interesen en la creación de un negocio rentable, tomando en cuenta que en la región se cosechan gran cantidad de frutas y hortalizas, las cuales un alto porcentaje se desperdicia debido a que no saben cómo conservarla o transformarla. Esta micro empresa estará enfocada en la industrialización de la pulpa del mango, fruta que se genera en la región por temporadas, siendo una manera de evitar que haya una gran cantidad de desperdicios de la misma y que no se extingan los huertos familiares; además, se pretende mejorar los ingresos económicos y las condiciones de vida de los habitantes del municipio. Esta investigación, por su diseño es de tipo exploratorio donde la idea principal del estudio es obtener conocimiento amplio respecto a la oferta y la demanda prevaleciente del mango en cualquiera de las variedades que son propias de la región. Se concluye que la microindustria de procesamiento de mango congelado será una nueva actividad económica en Huatabampo, siendo esta investigación la aportación para atenuar el desempleo, la pobreza y la marginación en la cual viven las comunidades y/o ejidos de la región, afectando a la población del mismo. Se puede decir que el problema es relevante, ya que ofrece servicio a la comunidad para la solución del problema económico actual.