bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of harvest period, storage, and genotype on postharvest physiological deterioration responses in cassava
Authors: Rachmawati Rika Sri , Khumaida Nurul , Ardie Sintho Wahyuning , Sukma Dewi , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Rahmawati RK, Khumaida N, Ardie SW, Sukma D, Sudarso. 2021. Effects of harvest period, storage, and genotype on postharvest physiological deterioration responses in cassava. Biodiversitas 23: 100-109. Postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) is the major constraint in cassava root production. The breeding program to develop PPD tolerant cassava varieties requires a long period to complete. Although it is the first step in breeding for PPD tolerance, evaluating cassava germplasm responses for the PPD remains a major problem because it is a laborious process, and the evaluation often contains a high experimental error. This study aims to develop methods for evaluating PPD response, i.e., evaluating the effects of two harvest periods and storage on PPD responses of nine cassava genotypes. The developed scoring system based on cassava root discoloration could group the evaluated cassava genotypes into either PPD tolerant, medium tolerant, or sensitive. The tolerant varieties showed less than 10% root discoloration areas, while the medium tolerant was between 11-20%, and the sensitive was larger than 20%, respectively. ADR-24 and GJ-11 were identified as PPD tolerant, while ML-19 was sensitive using the developed scoring system. This study showed that PPD is a complex phenomenon associated with genetics and environmental factors. Root dry matter content and maximum root diameter traits may play an important role in PPD development in cassava. We have developed procedures for identifying genotype responses to PPD and showed that cassava roots harvested as early as eight months after planting and stored as late as five days under the control relative humidity were good conditions for studying PPD. Evaluating the percentages of root discoloration was a good measure for PPD response prediction. Moreover, we showed that less than 10%, 20%, and more than 20% of root discoloration might be used to group cassava into PPD tolerant, medium tolerant, and sensitive for Indonesian accessions. Therefore, the methods developed in this study may support the Indonesian cassava breeding program and provide biochemical and molecular analysis materials to elaborate the mechanisms of PPD in cassava roots.
Population dynamics of Anadara antiquata of East Coast of Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Azmi Fauziah , Mawardi Abdul L. , Nurdin Muh. Saleh , Febri Suri Purnama , Sinaga Sorbakti , Haser Teuku Fadlon
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Azmi F, Mawardi AL, Sinaga S, Nurdin MS, Febri SP, Haser TF. 2021. Population dynamics of Anadara antiquata of East Coast of Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 436-442. Small-scale fishery effects are often overlooked by fishery and environmental managers. This study aimed to assess the impact of traditional cockle fishery on its population in the northeastern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The study took place from January 2018 to December 2018. Samples were obtained from Ujung Perling in Aceh Timur Regency, which is the only fishing ground exploited at present. Parameters estimated in this study include growth, mortalities, and exploitation levels. Analysis revealed that the average length was 50.03 mm, with the maximum shell length captured is 78 mm. Von Bertalanffy K-coefficient is 2.3 with a lifespan that can reach 3 years. Natural mortality is 2.27 year-1, while fishing mortality is 6.74 year-1. The exploitation rate in this study is 0.75. Growth parameters indicate that Ujung Perling is a suitable habitat for the cockle to grow, but mortalities and exploitation parameters suggest overexploitation is taking place in the area. To keep the population at a safe level, exploitation needs to be lessened to 33% from the current level.
Anti-bacteria and toxicity potential of a rare Actinobacterium Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A, isolated from Mangrove Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: NOFIANI RISA , RIZKY RIZKY , BRILIANTORO RIDHO , ARDININGSIH PUJI
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Nofiani R, Rizky, Briliantoro R, Ardiningsih P. 2021. Anti-bacteria and toxicity potential of a rare Actinobacterium Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A, isolated from Mangrove Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 453-458. This study aimed to identify and evaluate antibacterial and toxicity activities of a rare Actinobacterium isolated from mangrove mud, Mempawah District, West Kalimantan. The mangrove mud sample was inoculated on ISP4 agar dissolved with seawater enriched meropenem (75µg/mL) and nystatin (100 µg/mL) using pour plate procedure and incubated at room temperature until the appearance powdery colony. One of the 2 powdery colonies successfully isolated was SM1A. SM1A was morphologically and biochemically identified to determine its genus and tested antibacterial activities using the cross streak method. SM1A also was cultivated and shaken at room temperature. After 10 days, the culture was extracted using ethyl acetate and then the extract was tested antibacterial activities using a well diffusion method and toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). SM1A was identified as Pseudonocardia sp., then was called Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A. Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A tested anti-bacteria using the cross streak method showed active against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera, and Streptococcus mutants for the ISP4 agar medium and S. typhi, S. mutants, and V. cholera for the ISP1. Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A extract prepared from ISP1 broth medium was active against S. typhi, E. coli, V. cholera, and Streptococcus mutants. In addition, Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A extract cultivated on ISP1 broth medium showed LC50=11.2570 µg/mL based on the BSLT and categorized as moderately toxic level. Pseudonocardia sp. SM1A contained secondary metabolites having high potential as lead compounds for drug discovery.
Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus gut isolated from Indralaya peatland region, Indonesia
Authors: OKTIARNI DWITA , KASMIARTI GETARI , NOFYAN ERWIN , MIKSUSANTI MIKSUSANTI , HASANUDIN HASANUDIN , HERMANSYAH HERMANSYAH
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Oktiarni D, Kasmiarti G, Nofyan E, Miksusanti, Hasanudin, Hermansyah. 2021. Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus gut isolated from Indralaya peatland region, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 486-495. The termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen from Tanjung Senai, Inderalaya peatland region, is classified as a high-level termite. Termites like eusocial insects break down cellulosic biomass into glucose by bacteria that produce cellulolytic enzymes in their gut. In the present study, new species of cellulolytic bacteria from Macrotermes gilvus Hagen gut were determined by biomolecular assay. Bacterial isolates were isolated and purified by using DNA kit and the optical density of DNA bacterial isolates was obtained by using spectrophotometer nanodrop. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were amplified using PCR to determine the fragment of 16S rRNA gene, performed using BLAST-N program and compared with NCBI database. Result from the sequences of 16S rRNA gene showed that the new species were identify as Enterobacter cloacae (isolates 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, 19, 20, 25, 28, 39, 40, 44, 60, and 64), Klebsiella pneumoniae (isolates 24, 43, and 62), Klebsiella quasipneumoniae (isolates 29, 36, and 37), Klebsiella varicolla (isolate 52), Enterobacter roggenkampii (isolate 56) and Enterobacter asburiae (isolate 59).
Growth and morpho-physiology of Tectona philippinensis under different water stress and soil conditions
Authors: HERNANDEZ JONATHAN O. , TOLENTINO CZAHAINE A. , QUIÑONES LORRAINE ANNE E. , VILLANCIO GERARDO B. , MALDIA LERMA SJ. , COMBALICER MARILYN S.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Hernandez JO, Tolentino CA, Quiñones LAE, Villancio GB, Maldia LSJ, Combalicer MS. 2021. Growth and morpho-physiology of Tectona philippinensis under different water stress and soil conditions. Biodiversitas 23: 507-513. Plants exhibit adaptive mechanisms to respond to fluctuating amounts of soil moisture and poor soil properties; however, these mechanisms remain largely unknown in many forest tree species growing in dry and limestone areas in the Philippines, such as the endemic and endangered Tectona philippinensis Benth & Hook.f. This study investigated the growth and morpho-physiological responses of T. philippinensis wildlings to water stress and soil types. One-year-old wildlings were subjected to two watering treatments, i.e., well-watered and water-stressed, and three different soil types, i.e., Lobo, Batangas, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, and UP-Laguna-Quezon Land Grant. The root collar diameter, height, biomass allocations, and morpho-physiological traits (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, relative water content, specific leaf area, and stem green density) were measured. Overall, the growth performance of the wildlings was improved significantly when grown in soil from the natural habitat under WW conditions. Therefore, the recommended conservation approach potentially suitable for T. philippinensis is in-situ, particularly in riparian areas, when artificial irrigation is not possible and practical. The present study's findings provide us with a better understanding of the growth and ecophysiology of T. philippinensis under water-deficient conditions for its effective in-situ conservation.
The growth of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and its dynamics of water quality in integrated culture
Authors: AMALIA ROSA , REJEKI SRI , WIDOWATI LESTARI LAKSHMI , ARIYATI RESTIANA WISNU
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Amalia R, Rejeki S, Widowati LL, Ariyati RW. 2021. The growth of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and its dynamics of water quality in integrated culture. Biodiversitas 23: 593-600. Intensive shrimp culture with high density will have an impact on environmental problems. One of them is the accumulation of organic materials. Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is an alternative effort to reduce the environmental impact of aquaculture activities, which can help maintain the balance of the ecosystem. Seaweed and shellfish in the culture system can improve environmental quality. Therefore, it can assist in optimizing friendly environmental shrimp culture. This study aimed to find out the growth of tiger shrimp and the role of seaweed and blood cockles and its dynamics of water quality. Twelve fiberglass tanks containing 800 L of brackish water and filled with ± 10 cm of clay sediment were arranged randomly. This study used 4 treatments and 3 replications, including treatment A (tiger shrimp), B (tiger shrimp+seaweed), C (tiger shrimp+blood cockle), and D (tiger shrimp+seaweed+blood cockle). The data of tiger shrimp growth was monitored weekly, while the growth of blood cockle and seaweed was collected at the end of the study. The water quality parameters such as DO, pH, temperature, and salinity were monitored daily. Meanwhile, the data of Total organic matter (TOM), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), NO2, and NO3 were measured weekly. The result of the research showed that the highest specific growth rate (SGR) was treatment D (5.75±0.03% day-1). While the highest SR value was treatment B 90.33±0.58%. However, survival rate (SR) on treatment B did not have a significant difference (p<0.05) with treatment C and D. In general, there was significant interaction (p<0.01) in organic waste parameters (TOM, TAN, NO2, and NO3) for all treatments. In removal rate (RR), treatment D was more effective in reducing TOM (19,20%). Meanwhile, the highest level of TAN reduction was achieved by treatment C (50%). In addition, the highest reduction in nitrite and nitrate variables was in treatment D (40% and 33,33%). In contrast, treatment A got a negative removal rate in all parameters.
Plasmonic crystals fabricated by nanosphere lithography for advanced biosensing
Authors: Li Lixia , Du Fei , Zong Xueyang , Cui Lin , Liu Yufang
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic nanostructures have attracted wide attention in the past few years for their promising applications such as surface-enhanced spectroscopies, chemical or biosensing, and so on. However, the fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures relies on traditional photolithography methods such as electron beam lithography and focused ion beam lithography, which have inherent shortcomings, such as high fabrication cost and being time-consuming. Here, using the nanosphere lithography approach, we fabricate large-area long-range ordered periodic Au nanohole arrays on an opaque Au substrate. The structure supports spectral-isolation and well-defined plasmonic resonances favorable to spectral monitoring at normal incidence of light. The bulk sensitivity of up to 403 nm/RIU is measured for the plasmon modes. Furthermore, we assess the surface-sensing performance of the system and obtain a near-field decay length of about 240 nm, meaning that it is desirable to detect the biological protein molecules. The suggested plasmonic-sensing platform has broad application prospects in the development of low-cost and high-throughput biosensor chips.
Harmonic mode-locked noise-like pulses under a Q-switched envelope in
an erbium doped all-fiber ring laser
Authors: C.R. Santosh , Gowrishankar R. , Srivastava Shailesh
Published: August 2022

We report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, harmonic mode-locked noise-like pulses under a

Q

-switched envelope in an all-fiber erbium doped ring laser cavity, mode locked using the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) technique. For a cavity with a fundamental repetition rate of 1.33 MHz, stable mode-locked noise-like pulses, with few nanoseconds durations, single pulse energies around 30–40 nJ, and

Q

-switched repetition rates up to 31 kHz, were produced and characterized from the fundamental to the eighth harmonic. The formation and evolution of

Q

-switched harmonic mode-locked noise-like pulses were preceded by the formation of

Q

-switched mode-locked noise-like pulse bunches. This is also the first report on noise-like bunches under a

Q

-switched envelope, to our knowledge. Our studies also provide further insights into the interplay of different physical mechanisms involved in the production of such ultrashort pulses. Such sources should prove especially useful for efficient supercontinuum generation and laser micromachining.
Proposal of mosaic-based 2 × 2 3-dB couplers for prospective on-chip communication in mid-infrared wavelengths around 2.1  µm
Authors: Muratsubaki Taichi , Fujisawa Takeshi , Sato Takanori , Saitoh Kunimasa
Published: August 2022

We propose two types of mosaic-based

2

×

2

3-dB couplers for wavelengths around 2.1 µm. For type I, the proposed device provides excess loss of

<

0.22

dB and imbalance of

<

±
0

.

07

d
B

over the wavelength range from 2.06 to 2.14 µm. Compared with the standard multimode-interference-based

2

×

2

3-dB coupler, the imbalance is improved by

∼

0.4

d
B

. For type II, coupling length in the multimode-interference region is about three times shorter than the one based on multimode-interference theory. It provides excess loss of

<

0.49

d
B

and imbalance of

<

±
0

.

23

d
B

over the wavelength range from 2.06 to 2.14 µm. Both proposed devices show high fabrication tolerance to hole diameter variation. Especially for type II, the fabrication-tolerant direct binary search was effective to obtain such a structure. These mosaic-based

2

×

2

3-dB couplers will play an important role in highly integrated photonic circuits.
Investigation of locked operation in a system of two passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers under weak lateral coupling
Authors: Simos Iraklis , Simos Christos , Stathopoulos Nikolaos A.
Published: August 2022

We study theoretically the operation of two semiconductor passively mode-locked lasers laterally coupled through evanescent fields. The investigation is carried out using a time domain traveling wave numerical model for two-section lasers (gain and absorption) enhanced to include weak mutual coupling. The study of the coupled system shows that although the operation is dominated mostly by instabilities and amplitude modulated pulse trains, under specific conditions, stable mode locking with low intensity noise and time-synchronized pulses emerges. The influence of operational and geometrical parameters on the coupled dynamics is identified and discussed.
Ultrafast modulation of a high harmonic generation in a bulk ZnO single crystal
Authors: Xu Shuai , Zhang Hang , Yu Junhong , Han Yadong , Wang Zhan , Hu Jianbo
Published: August 2022

Optical modulation of high harmonic generation (HHG) is of fundamental interest in science and technology, which can facilitate understanding of HHG generation mechanisms and expand the potential optoelectronic applications. However, the current established works have neither shown the advanced modulation performance nor provided a deep understanding of modulation mechanisms. In this work, taking wurtzite zinc oxide (ZnO) single crystal as a prototype, we have demonstrated an all-optical intensity modulation of high-order HHG with a response time of less than 0.2 ps and a depth of more than 95%, based on the pump-probe configuration with two different pumping wavelengths. Besides the achieved excellent modulation performance, we have also revealed that the modulation dynamics in ZnO single crystal highly depend on the excitation conditions. Specifically, the modulation dynamics with the near-bandgap or above-bandgap excitation are attributed to the non-equilibrium interband carrier relaxations, while for mid-gap excitation, the modulation dynamics are dominated by the nonlinear frequency mixing process. This work may enhance the current understanding of the HHG modulation mechanism and enlighten novel device designs.
Simultaneous measurement of OH radical, H2O concentration, and temperature in a premixed CH4/air flame using TDLAS with an improved analysis method
Authors: So Sunghyun , Park Jiyeon , Yoo Miyeon , Hwang Jungho , Kim Daehae , Lee Changyeop
Published: August 2022

The OH radical concentration was measured by applying tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, which is an in situ optical method. An optical absorption region (P7.5ff transition at 1502.7 nm) of the OH radical was selected in the near-infrared range to measure the OH radicals quantitatively in premixed CH4/air flames. An improved direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) method based on wavelength division multiplexing was proposed to extract the H2O absorption signal that interfered with the OH light absorption signal, and the integral intensity of OH* chemiluminescence was compared to the measured OH radical concentration based on the improved DAS method.
Automatic bifurcation detection utilizing pullback characteristics of bifurcation in intravascular optical coherence tomography
Authors: Zhu Fengyu , Yu Yin , Ding Zhenyang , Li Qingrui , Zhou Shanshan , Tao Kuiyuan , Kuang Hao , Liu Tiegen
Published: August 2022

Bifurcation detection in coronary arteries is significant since it influences the treatment strategy selection and optimization. Bifurcations are also reliable landmarks for image registration. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a high-resolution imaging modality that is very useful in percutaneous coronary intervention stenting optimization. We present a bifurcation identification method utilizing pullback characteristics for IVOCT, which can effectively identify the bifurcations with a small size. The longitudinal view of the pullback will appear as an outward discontinuity in the bifurcation area. By detecting this discontinuity, bifurcation can be identified with high accuracy. We also use the normal vectors method to extract the ostium of bifurcation. We compare the proposed method with the widely-used distance transformation method by clinical 5302 IVOCT images from 22 pullbacks. The average metrics of true positive rate (TPR), true negative rate (TNR), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for the proposed method are 86.97%, 98.50%, 85.56%, and 98.67%, respectively. TPR, PPV, and NPV by the proposed method are improved by 40.24%, 9.31%, 3.90%, and TNR is on par compared with the distance transformation method. Especially in the small bifurcation identification, TPR of the proposed method is 64.71% higher than the distance transformation method with a bifurcation area ratio less than 0.2.
Design, analysis, and characterization of a compact silicon photonic modulator with meandered phase shifters
Authors: Mao Deng , Alam Md Samiul , Parvizi Mahdi , El-Fiky Eslam , Abdo Ahmad , Ben-Hamida Naim , Plant David V.
Published: August 2022

We present a C-band Mach-Zehnder modulator with meandered phase shifters and a compact footprint of 432 × 260

μ

m

2

on the silicon-on-insulator platform. Electrode, p-n junction, and optical transit time are considered when performing the electro-optic bandwidth (EO BW) simulations. The simulation results prove that the dominant bandwidth limiting factor for this type of modulator is optical transit time. The insertion loss of the modulator without bias is 2.1 dB. The measured half-wave voltage (V

π

) and 3-dB EO BW at −0.5 V bias are 6.4 V and 7.7 GHz, respectively. 53 Gbaud PAM-4 transmission over 2 km of standard single-mode fiber is achieved at a bit error rate (BER) below the 6.7% overhead hard-decision forward error correction BER threshold of 3.8×10 −3.
Enhanced diffraction efficiency with angular selectivity by inserting an optical interlayer into a diffractive waveguide for augmented reality displays
Authors: Lin Yinyue , Xu Hengshen , Shi Rui , Lu Linfeng , Zhang Shan-Ting , Li Dongdong
Published: August 2022

The overall efficiency and image uniformity are important criteria for augmented reality display. The conventional in-coupling grating design intending to improve only the first-order diffraction efficiency without considering the multiple interactions with diffracted light in the waveguide is insufficient. In this work, the back-coupling loss (BCL) on the in-coupling surface relief grating, and the power of light arriving at the out-coupling grating over that of incident light (denoted as optical efficiency in waveguide, OEW) are introduced for the design of in-coupling grating. A simple and effective method to increase diffraction efficiency with unique angular selectivity is demonstrated by inserting an interlayer between the waveguide and grating. The optimized average OEW and its uniformity under a field of view of 40° are increased from 8.02% and 24.83% to 8.34% and 35.02% by introducing a region-selective MgF2 interlayer.
Atom-Nanophotonic network node with integrated telecom interface
Authors: Menon Shankar G. , Glachman Noah , Chai Yuzhou , Singh Kevin , Dibos Alan , Borregaard Johannes , Bernien Hannes
Published: August 2022

We propose neutral atoms coupled to telecom nanophotonic cavities as quantum network nodes. Our novel protocol for generating atom-telecom photon entanglement enables a scalable network architecture featuring identical qubits and direct telecom operation.
A quantum-capable internet testbed connecting room temperature quantum memories
Authors: Du Dounan , Castillo-Veneros Leonardo , Cui Guodong , Cottrill Dillion , Martínez-Rincón Julián , Stankus Paul , Katramatos Dimitrios , Figueroa Eden
Published: August 2022

We present a first-generation long-distance quantum internet testbed that utilizes quantum memories to communicate quantum information across an intercity fiber infrastructure. We have observed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between telecom photons produced in two independent room temperature quantum memories separated by a distance of 158 km.
Fibre-integrated laser-written quantum memory for light-matter entanglement
Authors: Rakonjac Jelena V. , Corrielli Giacomo , Lago-Rivera Dario , Seri Alessandro , Mazzera Margherita , Grandi Samuele , Osellame Roberto , de Riedmatten Hugues
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate the storage of light-matter entanglement between a telecom photon and an integrated solid-state quantum memory. The quantum memory is a fibre-coupled waveguide written in a rare-earth doped crystal.
Methods and Results for Quantum Optimal Pulse Control on Superconducting Qubit Systems
Authors: Matekole Elisha Siddiqui , Fang Yao-Lung Leo , Lin Meifeng
Published: August 2022

We employ Physics-guided quantum optimal control strategies to design optimal-pulses for quantum gates. We conduct experiments with our pulse-optimized gates on the IBM quantum devices and calculate the gate-error rate.
How Much Entanglement Do Quantum Optimization Algorithms Require?
Authors: Chen Yanzhu , Zhu Linghua , Mayhall Nicholas J. , Barnes Edwin , Economou Sophia E.
Published: August 2022

ADAPT-QAOA, a novel problem-tailored version of quantum approximate optimization algorithm, speeds up convergence using entangling operators while reducing the total number of CNOTs. We explore how much entanglement is required to speed up optimization algorithms.
Quantum/classical hybrid compute and applications
Authors: Brown Natalie C. , Ryan-Anderson Ciarán , Campora John P. , Lucchetti Dominic , Chernoguzov Alexander , Hayes David , Allman Michael S. , Evans Bruce , Walker James
Published: August 2022

Classical co-processors are an important component of any full quantum stack. We shall discuss how the Quantinuum System Model H1 machine interacts with a classical co-processor to implement crucial features of quantum error correction.
A long-lived spin qubit in an optically active semiconductor quantum dot
Authors: Zaporski Leon , Bodey Jonathan H. , Shofer Noah , Manna Santanu , Jackson Daniel M. , da Silva Saimon Covre , Haeusler Urs , Rastelli Armando , Gangloff Dorian A. , Atatüre Mete , Le Gall Claire
Published: August 2022

We report on the firsts pin-control experiments in optically active GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots. Using dynamic decoupling, we retain a quantum superposition for up to 105 µs, a hundred-fold improvement over the state-of-the-art.
Entanglement between a telecom photon and a spin-Wave solid-state multimode quantum memory
Authors: Rakonjac Jelena V. , Lago-Rivera Dario , Seri Alessandro , Mazzera Margherita , Grandi Samuele , de Riedmatten Hugues
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate entanglement between a telecom photon and a solid-state multimode quantum memory. The entanglement is maintained for an optical excitation (with a fidelity high enough to violate a Bell inequality) and a spin-wave excitation.
QUBE – Towards Quantum Key Distribution with Small Satellites
Authors: Knips Lukas , Auer Michael , Baliuka Adomas , Bayraktar Ömer , Freiwang Peter , Grünefeld Matthias , Haber Roland , Lemke Norbert , Marquardt Christoph , Moll Florian , Pudelko Jonas , Rödiger Benjamin , Schilling Klaus , Schmidt Christopher , Weinfurter Harald
Published: August 2022

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) in space will be integral for future quan-tum networks. The space mission QUBE will test novel integrated optics components in a three-unit CubeSat demonstrating an economic route for global-scale QKD.
Processing high-dimensional entanglement with a programmable light converter
Authors: Lib Ohad , Sulimany Kfir , Bromberg Yaron
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate a reconfigurable and scalable processor of entangled photons based on multi-plane light conversion and perform key tasks of quantum information processing including high-dimensional entanglement certification and random unitary transformations.
Robust Linear Optical Quantum Computation with Non-Abelian Geometric Phases
Authors: Pinske Julien , Neef Vera , Heinrich Matthias , Scheel Stefan , Szameit Alexander
Published: August 2022

A proposal for the construction of geometrically robust linear optical quantum circuits by means of nonadiabatic geometric phases is presented. Our proof-of-principle designs of holonomic single-qubit gates enable high-fidelity unitaries.
Experimental Demonstration of Zero-Photon Subtraction
Authors: Nunn Cory M. , Shringarpure Saurabh U. , Franson James D. , Pittman Todd B.
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate conditional attenuation of quantum optical states by subtracting zero photons at a variable beam splitter. The attenuation exhibits an interesting dependence on initial photon statistics that mirrors the effects of single-photon subtraction.
Multipair Emission Effects in Quantum Dot-based Entangled Photon Sources
Authors: Neuwirth J. , Basset F. Basso , Rota M.B. , Da Silva S.C. , Jöns K.D. , Rastelli A. , Trotta R.
Published: August 2022

Multiphoton emission limits applications of probabilistic entangled photon sources in quantum information technologies. Using quantum dots under various conditions of resonant two-photon excitation, we demonstrate that entanglement is unaffected by multipair emission.
Multimode photonics for high-quality non-gaussian state generation
Authors: Melalkia M. , Brunel L. , Huyn J. , Tanzilli S. , D’Auria V. , Etesse J.
Published: August 2022

We show that multimode photonic states are prominent resources for generating high-quality and large-amplitude non-gaussian states such as Schrödinger cat and GKP states. Both heralded and iterative schemes can benefit from this multiplexing capability.
High-Yield Laser Fabrication of Single-Photon Emitters of High-Brightness and -Purity in Boron Nitride
Authors: Zhang Danyang , Gan Lin , Ning Cun-Zheng
Published: August 2022

Single-photon emitters were fabricated on hexagonal Boron-Nitride sheets by a femtosecond laser with the yield at 42.86%, photon purity up to 94%, and the corrected saturation intensity at 7.09 Mcps, all best record numbers.
Dipole Induced Transparency and Large Purcell Enhancement in a Low Q Cavity
Authors: Singh Harjot , Farfurnik Demitry , Luo Zhouchen , Bracker Allan S. , Carter Samuel G. , Waks Edo
Published: August 2022

We couple InAs quantum dots embedded in a pinin diode to circular bragg gratings, i.e. bullseye cavities. We observe a large Purcell enhancement by a factor of about 15, and an 80% dip in the cavity reflectivity at the quantum dot wavelength. Thus, these devices are promising as single photon sources and repeater nodes in a quantum network.
Electrical Control of Gigahertz Frequency Phonons on Chip
Authors: Shao Linbo , Zhu Di , Colangelo Marco , Lee Daehun , Sinclair Neil , Hu Yaowen , Rakich Peter T. , Lai Keji , Berggren Karl K. , Lončar Marko
Published: August 2022

Acoustic waves at microwave frequencies have been recently emerged as versatile information carriers in quantum applications. Here, we demonstrate electrical control of traveling acoustic waves on an integrated lithium niobate platform at millikelvin temperature.
Study of material loss channels in tantalum microwave superconducting resonators
Authors: Dutta A. , Place A. P. M. , Crowley K. D. , Le X. H. , Gang Y. , Rodgers L. V. H. , Madhavan T. , Khedkar N. P. , Gui X. , Jia Y. , Baker L. , Head A. , Jarrige I. , Hunt A. , Waluyo I. , Barbour A. , Weiland C. , Hulbert S. , Liu M. , Walter A. L. , Cava R. J. , Houck A. A. , de Leon N. P.
Published: August 2022

We identify candidate loss channels in tantalum by correlating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements with power and temperature dependent variation of the quality factor of superconducting coplanar waveguide microwave resonators.
24 × 24 SPAD Array For Coincidence-Detection in Quantum-Enhanced Imaging
Authors: Madonini Francesca , Cusini Iris , Villa Federica
Published: August 2022

We present a novel Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) imager for temporal photon coincidence detection, featuring smart readout with minimum data overhead, maximized detection efficiency, low noise, and ease of scalability in pixel number.
Probing the Energetic Properties of Single Photon Emitters in hBN via Multi-Color Excitation
Authors: Tieben Pablo , Bahrami Nora , Dobariya Hiren , Schell Andreas W.
Published: August 2022

The spectroscopic properties of quantum emitters in hBN remain mostly unknown, despite the high demand for solid-state sources. Through spectroscopic analysis in a multi-color excitation approach, we extract information about their energetic levels.
Quantum Inspired RF Phase Measurement by Parity Estimation
Authors: Shirizly Liran , Vidro Leonid , Kirsh Naftali , Katz Nadav , Eisenberg Hagai S.
Published: August 2022

Super-resolved interferometric phase measurements in the RF domain have been demonstrated by estimating the Parity operator through quadrature measurements, saturating the information theoretic Cramer-Rao bound. We achieved 600-fold improvement over the Rayleigh limit with 56dB SNR.
High-fidelity quantum transduction with long coherence time superconducting resonators
Authors: Wang Changqing , Zorzetti Silvia
Published: August 2022

We propose a novel quantum transduction hybrid system based on the coupling of long-coherence time superconducting cavities with electro-optic resonators to achieve high-efficiency and high-fidelity in quantum communication protocols and quantum sensing.
On-chip multi-photon interference with distinguishable photons and time-resolved detection
Authors: Yard Patrick , Jones Alex , Paesani Stefano , Maïnos Alexandre , Bulmer Jacob , Laing Anthony
Published: August 2022

We use commercially available low jitter C-band single photon detectors to interfere photons detuned by up to 6.8 GHz. We perform HOM interference and time-resolved boson sampling with 2 and 3 heralded input photons.
Advanced Laser Modulation and Chip-Based Quantum Communications
Authors: Paraïso T. K. , Roger T. , Marangon D. G. , De Marco I. , Sanzaro M. , Woodward R. I. , Dynes J. F. , Lovic V. , Yuan Z.-L. , Shields Andrew J.
Published: August 2022

We review recent implementations of quantum key distribution transmitters based on optical injection locking and direct modulation. By appropriately harnessing laser properties we show how these developments led to the realization of practical chip-based quantum key distribution systems.
Quantum interference between two independent sources in telecommunication band
Authors: Cohen Mathis , Dalidet Romain , Pastier Florian , Giesz Valérian , Somaschi Niccolo , Senellart Pascale , Thomas Sarah , Martin Anthony , Tanzilli Sébastien , Labonté Laurent
Published: August 2022

We report a raw quantum interference visibility of 90 ± 1% between telecom photons emitted by a weak coherent state source (WCSS) and an entangled photon pair source (EPPS).
Coherent States in Ring Resonators Outperform Any Quantum Probe Single-pass Absorption Estimation Strategy
Authors: Belsley Alexandre , Allen Euan J. , Datta Animesh , Matthews Jonathan C. F.
Published: August 2022

By leveraging interference and resonance enhancement effects, we find all-pass ring resonators with coherent-state probes can estimate absorption more precisely than any quantum probe single-pass strategy, including those using squeezed or Fock states.
Improving Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution in Turbulence Through Dynamic Attenuation
Authors: Rollick Brian J. , Siopsis George , Qi Bing
Published: August 2022

We propose a scheme to tether transmittance fluctuations due to atmospheric turbulence that significantly improves the Hong-Ou-Mandel visibility and secure key rate in free-space measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution under turbulence.
Using quantum optical restoring force to overcome standard quantum limit
Authors: Subhash Sreeshna , Davuluri Sankar
Published: August 2022

Continuous measurement of position in optical interferometer is limited by standard quantum limit. In this work we propose a new method to go beyond the standard quantum limit by using quantum optical restoring force.
Modification of the expression of l1-norm of coherence
Authors: Hazra Manis , Goswami Debabrata
Published: August 2022

Though a well-verified approach of quantifying quantum coherence is l1-norm, this is not normalized for a multi-qubit (multi-level) system. We propose a modification to show that the altered expression normalizes a multi-qubit (multi-level) system coherence with numerical studies.
Influence of quantum fluctuations on tunneling of BEC in a double-well potential
Authors: Abdullaev F.Kh. , Shermaxmatov A.
Published: August 2022

We study the role of the beyond mean-field quantum corrections on the tunneling and self-trapping regimes in BEC loaded in the double- well potential.
Observation of Kerr Effects in On-Chip Optical Parametric Oscillators
Authors: Kögler Roger A. , Rickli Gabriel C. , Domeneguetti Renato R. , Ji Xingchen , Gaeta Alexander L. , Lipson Michal , Martinelli Marcelo , Nussenzveig Paulo A.
Published: August 2022

Cross quadrature correlations are observed from the spectral matrices of two-mode bright states generated in an integrated optical parametric oscillator. We attribute degradation of amplitude difference squeezing with increasing pump intensities to this effect.
Fiber-based source and sorter for multimode correlated photons
Authors: Sulimany Kfir , Bromberg Yaron
Published: August 2022

We use spontaneous four wave mixing to generate multimode photon pairs in a few-mode fiber. We show the photons are correlated in the fiber mode basis using a 1km long all-fiber mode sorter.
Time-crystalline order in lone and coupled quantum self-sustained oscillators
Authors: Li Ming , Chen Danyang , de Valcárcel Germán J. , Navarrete-Benlloch Carlos
Published: August 2022

We characterize the quantum noise induced long-term decoherence of both lone and coupled self-sustained oscillators. We show that delayed feedback quenches deco-herence, and even true time-crystalline regimes can be accessed by oscillators’ networks.
Photon scattering rates in trapped ion qubits
Authors: Quinn A. D. , Moore I. D. , Campbell W. C. , Hudson E. R. , Brudney S. J. , Lesak A. A. , Metzner J. M. , Wineland D. J. , Allcock D. T. C.
Published: August 2022

We describe a new model for two-photon stimulated Raman transitions and our efforts to test this model in 40Ca+ions. Compared to previous models, our model predicts lower scattering at certain Raman beam detunings.
Infrared detectors with very high quantum efficiency for sub-Poisson limited interferometry
Authors: Soibel A. , Brooks A. , Fisher A. , Keo S. A. , Ting D. , Adhikari R. , Gunapala S.
Published: August 2022

The goal of this work is to develop Sb-based nBn infrared detectors operating at 2 µm with Quantum Efficiency (QE) exceeding 99%. These detectors have the potential to significantly increase the sensitivity of future generations of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) by exploiting quantum entanglement for sub-Poisson limited laser interferometry.
Multi-Order Quasi-Phase Matching for Generation of Pure Heralded Single Photons
Authors: Kaneda Fumihiro , Oikawa Jo , Yabuno Masahiro , China Fumihiro , Miki Shigehito , Terai Hirotaka , Mitsumori Yasuyoshi , Edamatsu Keiichi
Published: August 2022

We experimentally demonstrate multi-order quasi-phase-matching conditions for spectral shaping of photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric downconversion. Incorporated with a group-velocity matching condition, our multi-order quasi-phase-matching scheme generates single photons high spectral purity.
Three-photon Fock-state Master Equations for Multi-emitter Chiral Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Guo Dingyu , Mirza Imran M.
Published: August 2022

We report the derivation of a Fock-state master equation apt to describe the time evolution of three-photon entanglement in multi-emitter chiral waveguide quantum electrodynamics with possible applications in unidirectional quantum networking and long-distance quantum communications.
An unconventional ultra-low loss silicon photonics platform for quantum technologies
Authors: Cherchi Matteo , Bera Arijit , Kemppinen Antti , Nissilä Jaani , Tappura Kirsi , Caputo Marco , Lehtimäki Lauri , Lehtinen Janne , Govenius Joonas , Prunnila Mika , Aalto Timo
Published: August 2022

Our ultra-low-loss silicon photonics platform can play a significant role in the second quantum revolution, supporting not only quantum photonics (e.g., quantum communication) but also solid-state quantum systems (e.g., scaling superconducting quantum computers).
Localized Quantum Walks in Quasiperiodic Photonics Lattices
Authors: Nguyen Dan T. , Nolan Daniel A. , Borrelli Nicholas F. , Loeber David
Published: August 2022

Localized quantum walks are theoretically investigated in new class of quasiperiodic photonics lattices. Theoretical results have been validated quantitatively by experiments of quantum walks in Fibonacci multicore fibers.
Single-Photon Emitters in SiN Integrated Quantum Photonics
Authors: Senichev Alexander , Peana Samuel , Martin Zachariah O. , Yesilyurt Omer , Sychev Demid , Lagutchev Alexei S. , Boltasseva Alexandra , Shalaev Vladimir M.
Published: August 2022

We report on the generation of single-photon emitters in silicon nitride. We demonstrate monolithic integration of these quantum emitters with silicon nitride waveguides showing a room-temperature off-chip count-rate of ~104 counts/s and clear antibunching behavior.
Comprehensive analysis of locomotion dynamics in the protochordate Ciona intestinalis reveals how neuromodulators flexibly shape its behavioral repertoire
Authors: Athira Athira , Dondorp Daniel , Rudolf Jerneja , Peytral Olivia , Chatzigeorgiou Marios
Published: August 2022

Vertebrate nervous systems can generate a remarkable diversity of behaviors. However, our understanding of how behaviors may have evolved in the chordate lineage is limited by the lack of neuroethological studies leveraging our closest invertebrate relatives. Here, we combine high-throughput video acquisition with pharmacological perturbations of bioamine signaling to systematically reveal the global structure of the motor behavioral repertoire in the Ciona intestinalis larvae. Most of Ciona’s postural variance can be captured by 6 basic shapes, which we term “eigencionas.” Motif analysis of postural time series revealed numerous stereotyped behavioral maneuvers including “startle-like” and “beat-and-glide.” Employing computational modeling of swimming dynamics and spatiotemporal embedding of postural features revealed that behavioral differences are generated at the levels of motor modules and the transitions between, which may in part be modulated by bioamines. Finally, we show that flexible motor module usage gives rise to diverse behaviors in response to different light stimuli.
Comprehensive analysis of full-length transcripts reveals novel splicing abnormalities and oncogenic transcripts in liver cancer
Authors: Kiyose Hiroki , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Ono Atsushi , Aikata Hiroshi , Ueno Masaki , Hayami Shinya , Yamaue Hiroki , Chayama Kazuaki , Shimada Mihoko , Wong Jing Hao , Fujimoto Akihiro
Published: August 2022

Genes generate transcripts of various functions by alternative splicing. However, in most transcriptome studies, short-reads sequencing technologies (next-generation sequencers) have been used, leaving full-length transcripts unobserved directly. Although long-reads sequencing technologies would enable the sequencing of full-length transcripts, the data analysis is difficult. In this study, we developed an analysis pipeline named SPLICE and analyzed cDNA sequences from 42 pairs of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and matched non-cancerous livers with an Oxford Nanopore sequencer. Our analysis detected 46,663 transcripts from the protein-coding genes in the HCCs and the matched non-cancerous livers, of which 5,366 (11.5%) were novel. A comparison of expression levels identified 9,933 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in 4,744 genes. Interestingly, 746 genes with DETs, including theLINE1-METtranscript, were not found by a gene-level analysis. We also found that fusion transcripts of transposable elements and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were overexpressed in HCCs.In vitroexperiments on DETs showed thatLINE1-METand HBV-human transposable elements promoted cell growth. Furthermore, fusion gene detection showed novel recurrent fusion events that were not detected in the short-reads. These results suggest the efficiency of full-length transcriptome studies and the importance of splicing variants in carcinogenesis.
A systematic review of home-based records in maternal and child health for improving informational continuity, health outcomes, and perceived usefulness in low and middle-income countries
Authors: Joseph Linju , Lavis Anna , Greenfield Sheila , Boban Dona , Jose Prinu , Jeemon Panniyammakal , Manaseki-Holland Semira
Published: August 2022

Background

Evidence shows that a gap in the documentation of patients’ past medical history leads to errors in, or duplication of, treatment and is a threat to patient safety. Home-based or patient-held records (HBR) are widely used in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) in maternal and childcare. The aim is to systematically review the evidence on HBRs in LMICs for (1) improving informational continuity for providers and women/families across health care visits and facilities, (2) to describe the perceived usefulness by women/families and healthcare providers, and (3) maternal and child health outcomes of using HBRs for maternal and child health care.

Methods

The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019139365). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Global Index Medicus databases for studies with home-based records from LMICs. Search terms pertained to women or parent-held records and LMICs. Two reviewers assessed studies for inclusion using a priori study selection criteria- studies explaining the use of HBRs in LMIC for maternal and child health care. The included study quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Results from all study designs were summarised narratively.

Results

In total, 41 papers were included in the review from 4514 potential studies. Included studies represented various study designs and 16 countries. The least evaluated function of HBR was information continuity across health care facilities (n = 6). Overall, there were limited data on the usefulness of HBRs to providers and mothers/families. Home-based records were mostly available for providers during health care visits. However, the documentation in HBRs varied. The use of HBRs is likely to lead to improved antenatal visits and immunisation uptake, and skilled birth delivery in some settings. Mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding practices and danger signs in pregnancy improved with the use of HBRs. One randomised trial found the use of HBRs reduced the risk of cognitive development delay in children and another reported on trial lessened the risk of underweight and stunted growth in children.

Conclusion

There is limited literature from LMICs on the usefulness of HBRs and for improving information transfer across healthcare facilities, or their use by women at home. Current HBRs from LMICs are sub-optimally documented leading to poor informational availability that defeats the point of them as a source of information for future providers.