bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Formula Jamu Temulawak, Kunyit, dan Meniran terhadap Kebugaran Jasmani: Suatu Studi Klinik
Authors: Novianto Fajar , Zulkarnain Zuraida , Triyono Agus , Ardiyanto Danang , Fitriani Ulfa
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Physical fitness is a person’s ability to complete daily tasks without experiencing significant fatigue. Components of physical fitness consist of body composition, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and cardiovascular fitness. Pre-clinical trials of herbal formula temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), tumeric (Curcuma longa L.), and meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) can improve the fitness of test animals. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of temulawak, kunyit, and meniran herbal formulas for physical fitness. The research method in the form of quasi experimental pre and post with a placebo comparison involving 201 subjects divided into 2 groups. A total of 100 subjects in group I were given herbal medicine while group II as many as 101 subjects were given placebo for 6 weeks. The evaluation is based on the parameters of liver function, kidney, blood profile, and fitness component. The results showed that there were no significant changes (p≥0.05) in liver function, kidney function, blood profile, body composition, muscle flexibility, and muscle strength. Cardiovascular fitness in group I increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to group II. Temulawak, kunyit, and meniran formulas are safe for liver, kidney, blood profiles and can help improve physical fitness, especially cardiovascular fitness.
Abstrak
Kebugaran jasmani merupakan kemampuan seseorang menyelesaikan tugas sehari-hari tanpa mengalami kelelahan yang berarti. Komponen kebugaran jasmani terdiri dari komposisi tubuh, kelenturan otot, kekuatan otot, dan kebugaran kardiovaskular. Uji praklinis formula jamu temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), kunyit (Curcuma longa L.), dan meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) dapat meningkatkan kebugaran hewan uji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai keamanan dan khasiat formula jamu temulawak, kunyit, dan meniran terhadap kebugaran jasmani. Metode penelitian berupa quasi experimental pre and post dengan pembanding plasebo yang melibatkan 201 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Sebanyak 100 subjek kelompok I diberikan jamu sedangkan kelompok II sebanyak 101 subjek diberikan plasebo selama enam minggu. Evaluasi didasarkan atas parameter fungsi hati, ginjal, profil darah, dan komponen kebugaran. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi perubahan bermakna (p≥0,05) pada fungsi hati, fungsi ginjal, profil darah, komposisi tubuh, kelenturan otot, dan kekuatan otot. Kebugaran kardiovaskular pada kelompok I mengalami peningkatan bermakna (p<0,05) dibanding kelompok II. Formula jamu temulawak, kunyit, dan meniran aman terhadap profil darah, hati dan ginjal serta dapat membantu meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani yaitu kebugaran kardiovaskular.
Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan pada Penduduk dengan Gejala Depresi
Authors: Mubasyiroh Rofingatul , Idaiani Sri , Suryaputri Indri Yunita
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mental health is part of health. Depression is one of the common mental health related to other health problems and a big contributor to Years Life with Disability (YLD). However, it is estimated that three are still 76% and 85% of sufferers in low-income and middle-income countries who do not received services to deal with the problems they experience. This study is a further analysis of IFLS-5 data to see the treatment seeking behavior in people with depressive symptoms and its related factors. The analysis was conducted on population aged 15 years and above. The proportion of depressive symptoms was 23.4% with a higher proportion of women, the populatin not working, living in large families, in the adolescent to young adult age group, and continuing to decline with increasing age. Some 12.5% of the population with depressive symptoms seek treatment . It appears that women have more significant opportunities to access health services. Opportunities to access health services were greater with increasing age. All kind of insurance ownership and living in urban are proven to significantly increase one’s chances of accessiong health services. The still low search for treatment is a joint task to minimize the , by paying more attention to vulnerable groups such as young people, not having insurance and living in rural areas.
Abstrak
Kesehatan jiwa merupakan bagian dari kesehatan. Depresi adalah salah satu common mental health yang berkaitan dengan masalah kesehatan yang lain, dan penyumbang Years Life with Disability (YLD) yang besar. Namun diperkirakan masih ada 76% dan 85% penderita di negara pendapatan rendah dan negara berpendapatan menengah yang tidak mendapatkan layanan penanganan masalah gangguan yang mereka alami. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut data IFLS-5 untuk melihat gambaran perilaku pencarian pengobatan pada penduduk dengan kondisi gejala depresi serta faktor yang berkaitan dengannya. Analisis dilakukan pada penduduk usia 15 tahun ke atas. Proporsi gangguan gejala depresi sebesar 23,4%, dengan proporsi lebih tinggi pada perempuan, penduduk tidak bekerja, tinggal dalam keluarga besar, pada kelompok usia remaja-dewasa muda, dan terus menurun seiring peningkatan usia. Sejumlah 12,5% penduduk dengan gejala depresi yang melakukan pencarian pengobatan. Tampak bahwa perempuan lebih berpeluang signifikan untuk mengakses layanan kesehatan. Peluang untuk mengakses layanan kesehatan semakin besar seiring peningkatan usia. Kepemilikan asuransi (semua jenis asuransi) dan tinggal di wilayah perkotaan terbukti signifikan meningkatkan peluang seseorang mengakses layanan kesehatan. Masih rendahnya pencarian pengobatan menjadi tugas bersama untuk memperkecil treatment gap, dengan lebih memperhatikan kelompok rentan seperti usia muda, tidak memiliki asuransi, dan tinggal di perdesaan.
PENERAPAN STANDAR OPERASIONAL PROSEDUR (SOP) DAN AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Taufiq Abd. Rohman
Published: June 2020

Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) is a guideline or reference for carrying out work duties in accordance with the functions and tools for evaluating hospital performance based on technical, administrative and procedural indicators in accordance with the work procedures concerned. The purpose of the SOP is to create commitments regarding hospital work units to realize good governance. SOP are not internal and external, because SOPs are used to measure the performance of public organizations relating to program accuracy and time. In addition, SOP is used to assess the performance of public organizations in the form of responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability of hospital performance. The results of the study show that not all hospital work units have an SOP, because each unit of the public service unit of the hospital has an SOP as a reference in acting, so that the performance accountability of hospital agencies can be evaluated and measured.
Avaliação histológica da polpa de dentes de cão, frente à utilização do composto tetrafluoretano
Authors: Orestes Manfro Junior Angelo , Branco Barletta Fernando
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de averiguar a resposta do tecido pulpar de dentes de cão, frente à aplicação, por

10 segundos, do agente refrigerante tetrafluoretano. Para tal, foram utilizados dentes incisivos, caninos e pré-molares de dois cães

da raça Beagle, com 6 meses de idade. Cada cão recebeu a aplicação do tetrafluoretano nos dentes de duas hemi-arcadas, sendo as

outras duas utilizadas como controle. Imediatamente após a conclusão das aplicações, os cães foram sacrificados e suas maxilas e

mandíbulas seccionadas e recortadas para a fixação do tecido pulpar. A seguir, as peças foram descalcificadas, separadas dente a

dente, sendo que os incisivos e caninos foram seccionados de forma seriada, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual, na região onde o

tetrafluoretano foi aplicado. Os pré-molares foram seccionados no sentido mésio-distal. Cortes de 6 micrômetros de espessura

foram avaliados, histologicamente, em microscópico óptico, e os resultados submetidos a tratamento estatístico pelo teste quiquadrado de Mc Nemar. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos testados e os respectivos

controles, no que diz respeito à presença e condição da camada odontoblástica, zonas acelular e celular, hiperemia e inflamação

pulpar. A partir desses resultados, concluiu-se que o agente refrigerante tetrafluoretano não provoca injúria, histologicamente

detectável, ao tecido pulpar, quando utilizado em cães, nas condições do presente experimento.
Bacteriologia das periodontites apicais crônicas
Authors: Bonato Luisi Simone , Vianna Freitas Fachin Elaine , H. Barcellos Susana , Barth Afonso Luís , P. Fachinelli Gabriela
Published: June 2020

O conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre a microbiologia endodôntica é um recurso fundamental para entender o papel das bactérias na origem e desenvolvimento das Periodontites Apicais Crônicas, bem como para oferecer subsídios para a instituição de uma terapêutica adequada. Este trabalho tem o propósito de investigar a composição bacteriana das Periodontites Apicais Crônicas, identificando os microrganismos encontrados nos canais radiculares de 20 dentes necróticos com lesão periapical. Após o isolamento absoluto do dente em questão e o acesso à cavidade pulpar, uma lima Hedstroen n° 15 foi introduzida no canal para a liberação de raspas de dentina. Em seguida, água destilada foi introduzida e aspirada do canal radicular. O material aspirado foi semeado imediatamente nos meios de agar sangue, Mac Conkey e azida sódica para identificação de aeróbios e nos meios agar sangue brucella, FEAS (agar sangue fenil etanol) e tioglicolato para a identificação de anaeróbios. A atmosfera de anaerobiose foi obtida através de um sistema físico-químico em jarra de anaerobiose, imediatamente após a semeadura. A incubação e posterior identificação dos microrganismos foi realizada na Unidade de Microbiologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Os Streptococcus sp. grupo viridans foram os microrganismos mais comumente isolados entre as bactérias aeróbias. Também foi possível identificar algumas bactérias anaeróbias como, Eubacterium sp., Bacteroides sp., Peptostreptococcus sp. e Propionibacterium sp.
The role of board in corporate social responsibility: A normative compliance perspective
Authors: Osemeke Louis , Osemeke Nobert , Okere Robert O
Published: June 2020

This paper focuses on the board’s influence on CSR among public liability companies (PLCs). The paper uses normative compliance theory to develop the theoretical framework thereby advocating and complementing other theories of CSR by using a balanced random effect regression model to estimate the relationship between board characteristics (such as board composition, diversity and size on CSR). This involved the use of balanced panel data of 174 PLCs from 2003 to 2009. The random effect estimator was used to test the specific effects of board composition, board size and board diversity on CSR of PLCs in Nigeria. The data was obtained from Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) factbook from 2003 to 2009. The paper found that NEDs and board size were positively significantly correlated with CSR, while the executive director was negative and significantly related with CSR. The testing of the theory in the context of Nigeria contributes to the body of knowledge on Sub-Sahara Africa, particularly Nigeria which offers a developing country perspective. The paper explores the relationship between board characteristics and CSR thereby contributing to the governance processes of listed companies and how good governance should be encouraged by understanding the board dynamics.
Solidaridad, cooperación y progresividad ambiental ante enfermedades zoonóticas
Authors: Anglés Hernández Marisol
Published: June 2020

La vigencia y fuerza normativa de los principios de derecho internacional ambiental cobran, hoy día, una importancia incuestionable, pues la problemática multidimensional que vive el mundo a causa del virus SARS-Cov-2 ha provocado efectos sistémicos, con incidencia en los sistemas de salud, los mercados financieros, los precios del petróleo, las relaciones internacionales, el comercio internacional, la contaminación atmosférica y, el cambio climático; todo ello resultado del desarrollo capitalista que ha llevado a sus límites al sistema planetario, que hoy nos exige un compromiso mayor, un Green New Deal apuntalado en los principios básicos de cooperación, solidaridad y progresividad, que coadyuve a lograr el desarrollo sustentable en términos de justicia social y equidad.
COMPARISON OF INDOOR AIR TEMPERATURE AND OPERATIVE TEMPERATURE -DRIVEN HVAC SYSTEMS BY MEANS OF THERMAL COMFORT AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Authors: TURHAN Cihan
Published: June 2020

The main purpose of Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems is to satisfy thermal comfort for the occupants. Conventionally, HVAC systems adjust set-temperature to achieve thermal comfort by continuously measuring indoor air temperature of the environment. However, ASHRAE 55, a standard of acceptable thermal environments, offers to use acceptable ranges of operative temperatures in air-conditioned buildings. Considering operative temperature is a function of indoor air temperature and mean radiant temperature, set-temperature of HVAC system can be controlled by using operative temperature to satisfy neutral thermal comfort for the occupants. This study compares thermal comfort and energy consumption of two exactly same HVAC systems which are operated based on indoor air temperature and operative temperature, respectively. Two office rooms with same architectural configurations -which are located in a university-Ankara-Turkey- were selected as a case study. The HVAC systems were operated based on indoor air temperature and operative temperature, respectively, at the same time and occupancy schedules. The results showed that operative temperature driven controlled HVAC system achieves better thermal comfort while slightly increasing energy consumption. The main findings of this study would be useful not only to design energy-efficient HVAC systems but also create more comfortable environments.
Det kulturkristne Hareid i det pietistiske Sunnmøre
Authors: Grimstad Leidulv Øyvind
Published: June 2020

Artikkelen presenterer Hareid-samfunnet si utvikling innan kristen- og kulturlivet frå 1850-åra, som tok ei anna retning enn elles på Sunnmøre. Der var det den pietistiske lekmannsrørsla som var dominerande.  I Hareid vart den grundtvigianske retninga førande: Menneske først – så kristen. Ein av dei som bidrog til denne utviklinga var Lars Hareide (1828–1900), som i 1857 tok til i Hareid som skulemeister. Han hadde gått på Stord lærarskule og var inspirert av Grundtvig si kristendomsforståing og pedagogikk. Etter kvart kom det to lærarar til med same ideologi. Desse, saman med prost Anker (1848–1921), fekk avgjerande betyding for utviklinga av kristen- og kulturlivet i bygda.
Elever i dialog med kristendommens fortellinger
Authors: Lied Sidsel
Published: June 2020

Spørsmålene som stilles i denne artikkelen, setter søkelys på elevers dialoger med to av kristendommens fortellinger slik dialogene kommer til uttrykk i deres multimediale, skriftlige ytringer. Rammene elevene møtte fortellingene innenfor, var ulike. Tredje- og sjetteklassingenes ytringer ble skrevet innenfor rammen av kristendomsfaget i henholdsvis 1987/88 og 1990/91, mens andreklassingenes ytringer ble skrevet i 2018/19 innenfor rammen av KRLE-faget. Med bakgrunn i de to fagenes ulike mål for undervisningen kunne man forvente å finne personlige trosuttrykk i elevytringer som ble skrevet i kristendomsfaget, mens ytringer skrevet i KRLE ikke ville inneholde slike uttrykk i møte med kristendommens fortellinger. Disse forventningene ble ikke innfridd. Artikkelen drøfter dette funnet i lys av Mikhail Bakhtins teori om ytringers dialogiske karakter, og oppfordrer til videre studier knyttet til disse – og lignende – problemstillinger.
Lex Borgen: Et blad i norsk skolehistorie om ikke-lutheraneres rett til å undervise i høyere utdanning
Authors: Seland Torrey
Published: June 2020

I Lov om Embedsmænds Troesbekjendelse av 1880, lett revidert i 1894, sto det blant annet at embetsmenn som har til oppgave å gi undervisning i kristendomskunnskap, skal «bekjende sig til Statens offentlige Religion.» På begynnelsen av 1970-tallet ble denne loven endret etter en lang debatt slik at også dissentere, i betydningen ikke-lutheranere, kunne undervise i kristendomskunnskap på universitetsnivå i det norske skolesystemet. Artikkelen beskriver nærmere bakgrunn og saksbehandling for denne endringen med særlig vekt på den rolle metodisten Peder Johan Borgen spilte i denne prosessen.
Frå indremisjon til mindre misjon: Nordfjord indremisjon 1970–2000
Authors: Tjomsland Andreas
Published: June 2020

Nordfjord indremisjon var ein lågkyrkjeleg lekmannsorganisasjon som eksisterte frå 1879 til 2000. Artikkelen fokuserer på dei siste tretti åra, frå 1970 til 2000, ein periode då mange lågkyrkjelege organisasjonar møtte motgang. I Nordfjord var indremisjonen framleis ei verkeleg folkerørsle utover 1970-talet, og mykje nytt arbeid blei sett i gang. Men utover 1990-talet peika pilene for gåveinntekt og rekruttering nedover, og ungdom som vaks opp i rørsla, tok ikkje over stafettpinnen etter dei eldre. Flytting, utdanningsauke og konkurranse var viktige faktorar. I indremisjonen var det tidlegare vekkingslivet blitt institusjonalisert, med dei tette småfellesskapa på bedehusa som grunnstein. Desse hadde fått eit fokus på ansvar og offer som appellerte lite til ungdom og samfunnet rundt, og forynga seg lite. Lojale indremisjonsfolk sleit seg ut på å gjere stadig fleire oppgåver, og resultatet blei mindre misjon utover 1990-talet.
Immunity to COVID-19 and issues of screening for SARS-Cov-2 antibodies
Authors: Mayanskiy NA
Published: June 2020

This paper briefly presents the known data on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, and also analyzes the possibilities and limitations of serological testing for antibodies that should be accounted for when planning population studies and interpreting their results.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT DAN WORK-FAMILY BALANCE DENGAN KEPUASAN PERNIKAHAN PADA ISTRI YANG MENJALANI DUAL-EARNER FAMILY
Authors: Ginanjar Adriana Soekandar , Primasari Indira , Rahmadini Rizqika , Astuti Rima Woro
Published: June 2020

Kepuasan pernikahan pada pasangan yang menjalani dual-earner family memiliki tantangan yang besar, terutama bagi istri, akibat tingginya stress yang bersumber dari pekerjaan maupun pernikahan dan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan work-family conflict dan work-family balance terhadap kepuasan pernikahan pada istri yang menjalani dual earner family. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Kepuasan pernikahan diukur menggunakan Couple Satisfaction Index, work-family conflict diukur dengan menggunakan Work-Family Conflict Scale, sementara work-family balance diukur dengan Work-Family Balance Scale. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 181 istri yang merupakan pegawai penuh waktu di Jabodetabek, dipilih dengan teknik convenience sampling. Teknik korelasi Pearson digunakan sebagai metode dalam melakukan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa work-family conflict berhubungan negatif secara signifikan dengan kepuasan pernikahan, terutama dalam dimensi work-intervening with family (r=-0,346; p<0,01). Sementara itu, terdapat korelasi yang positif antara work-family balance dengan kepuasan pernikahan pada istri dalam dual-earner family (r=0,294; p<0,01). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa menjalankan peran sebagai pekerja, istri, dan ibu dalam waktu yang bersamaan bukan hal yang mudah dan dapat menurunkan kepuasan pernikahan.
GAYA PENGASUHAN OTORITER DAN PERMISIF SERTA TINGKAT STRES IBU SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO GANGGUAN EMOSI DAN PERILAKU ANAK USIA SEKOLAH
Authors: Sarifudin Sarifudin , Hastuti Dwi , Simanjuntak Megawati
Published: June 2020

Anak Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami peningkatan risiko gangguan emosi dan perilaku. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya kasus anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum, kasus anak bidang pengasuhan, pendidikan, kesehatan dan napza, serta kasus anak dalam bidang pornografi dan cybercrime. Ibu melalui pengasuhan yang dilakukan serta faktor diri ibu dipercaya sebagai salah satu kunci penting untuk mencegah hal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh self-efficacy ibu, gaya pengasuhan, dan tingkat stres ibu terhadap gangguan emosi dan perilaku anak. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive di salah satu sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Bogor. Teknik pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara quota sampling yang terdiri dari 50 anak laki-laki dan 50 anak perempuan sehingga total contoh adalah 100 anak dan selanjutnya akan menjadi responden penelitian bersama ibunya. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara ibu dan anak menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya pengasuhan otoriter ibu, gaya pengasuhan permisif ibu, dan tingkat stres ibu berpengaruh terhadap gangguan emosi dan perilaku anak. Sementara itu, self-efficacy ibu dan gaya pengasuhan otoritatif ibu tidak berpengaruh terhadap gangguan emosi dan perilaku anak.
INSTRUMENT VALIDATION TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA ACCEPTANCE AND CUTI-CUTI 1 MALAYSIA FACEBOOK USER ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Ibrahim Muhamad Shamsul , A Manap Khairulhimi , Megat Ibrahim Nan Zakiah
Published: June 2020

The organisation is struggling to find a way to use social media effectively as it creates much interest and could offer so many things to users. Thus, many organisations have changed to use social media to keep up with the current trend and to stay relevant. The online community tends to be influenced by social networking tool and its interactive ability. Social media content for tourism for example can become an alternative source of information for users to plan their holiday to the preferred destinations. Facebook also acts as main user source of information because they could get direct and most recent feedback from the Facebook community. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the relevance variable related to Facebook user involvement to search for information. Relevance variables are identified using factor analysis for its validity and reliability. The analysis omitted 31 items from 61 in total after the validation and reliability test. Thus, the study found that only subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, Facebook user experience, Facebook user response, and Facebook user engagement are the remaining variables that are relevant in this research context. In addition, correlation test results indicate that there is a relationship between the subjective norms and perceived behaviour control with Facebook user experience, the Facebook user experience and Facebook user response with Facebook user engagement.
Yerel halkın rekreasyon deneyim tercihlerinin, beklentilerinin ve memnuniyet düzeylerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir araştırma: Alanya Dim Çayı Vadisi örneği
Authors: KURAR İhsan
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, Alanya’da yaşayan yerel halkın rekreasyon deneyim tercihleri (RDT), rekreasyonel faaliyetlere katılma durumlarına ilişkin kısıtlar, yerel yönetimlerden rekreasyonel aktivitelere yönelik beklentileri ve rekreasyonel alanlardan duydukları memnuniyet düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında veriler, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilerek Alanya Dim Çayı Vadisi’ndeki rekreasyon işletmelerini ziyaret eden 268 katılımcıdan anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Yerel halkın en fazla tercih ettiği rekreasyonel aktivite pikniğe gitmektir. Bununla birlikte yerel halkın rekreasyonel faaliyetlere katılımını kısıtlayıcı en önemli üç değişken boş zaman yetersizliği, maddi imkânsızlıklar ve bölgedeki tuvalet, çeşme ve lavaboların kirliliği olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yerel halkın yerel yönetimlerden rekreasyonel faaliyetlere ilişkin en önemli üç beklentisi ise yeni rekreasyon alanlarının yapılması, olanaklardan herkesin faydalanmasının sağlanması ve sanatsal değeri olan etkinliklerin yapılmasıdır. Ayrıca yerel halkı rekreasyonel aktivitelere yönelten en önemli üç motivasyonun hoşça vakit geçirme, aile bağlarını güçlendirme ve zihinsel olarak rahatlama deneyimleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Predictors of infection-related rehospitalization in heart failure patients and its impact on long-term survival
Authors: Cheng Chi-Wen , Liu Min-Hui , Wang Chao-Hung
Published: June 2020

Background

Infection is the most common non-cardiovascular cause of re-hospitalizations for heart failure patients. We therefore investigated the predictors of infection-related re-hospitalization (IRRH) in heart failure patients and its impact on long-term survival.

Methods and Results

We prospectively recruited 622 patients after the index hospitalization for decompensated heart fail with primary endpoints of IRRH and all-cause mortality. During follow-up of 3.9 ± 2.7 years, IRRHs occurred in 104 (16.7%) patients. Of the 104 patients who experienced IRRHs, the time from the index hospitalization to IRRH was 1.0 (interquartile range: 0.4–2.6) years. Independent predictors of IRRH were age (hazard ratio: 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.04), diabetes mellitus (2.12, 1.42–3.17), not taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (1.67, 1.01–2.78), needing maintenance therapy with a loop diuretic (2.10, 1.36–3.26), hemoglobin levels (0.87, 0.79–0.96), and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) (0.99, 0.98–0.99). IRRH independently predicted all-cause mortality (1.99, 1.32–2.98) after adjusting for age, body mass index, New York Heart Association functional class, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, brain natriuretic peptide, hemoglobin, and eGFR. The increased risk of death associated with IRRHs was predominantly for lower respiratory tract infections (3.71, 2.28–6.04), urogenital tract infections (2.83, 1.32–6.10), and sepsis (3.26, 1.20–8.85).

Conclusion

IRRHs in patients discharged for acute decompensated heart fail independently predicted worse long-term survival. We further identified independent predictors of IRRHs. These findings warrant future studies for tackling IRRH.
The GCD Sequences of the Altered Lucas Sequences
Authors: Koken Fikri
Published: June 2020

In this study, we give two sequences {L
+

n}n≥

1 and {L−
n}n≥

1 derived by altering the Lucas numbers with {±1, ±3}, terms of which are called as altered Lucas numbers. We give relations connected with the Fibonacci Fn
and Lucas Ln
numbers, and construct recurrence relations and Binet’s like formulas of the L
+

n
and L−
n
numbers. It is seen that the altered Lucas numbers have two distinct factors from the Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. Thus, we work out the greatest common divisor (GCD) of r-consecutive altered Lucas numbers. We obtain r-consecutive GCD sequences according to the altered Lucas numbers, and show that their GCD sequences are unbounded or periodic in terms of values r.
Caesarean sections are associated with sonographic determined fetal size from the second trimester onwards
Authors: Kirchengast Sylvia , Hartmann Beda
Published: June 2020

Human birth represents a critical and life-threatening event in the life of mother and child and is therefore of special importance for anthropological as well as public health research.
Evaluation of upper arm muscle and fat area of children and adolescents from Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Yavuz Cansev Meşe , Özer Başak Koca
Published: June 2020

Arm anthropometry is a commonly used method for determining the nutritional status of children and adolescents. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the arm anthropometry of 1484 children and adolescents (760 boys and 724 girls) aged between 6–17 years. The sample groups are selected who are living in Ankara to establish local reference values. In order to determine upper Arm Muscle Area (AMA) and upper Arm Fat Area (AFA), height, weight, upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness measurements were taken in accordance with International Biological Program (IBP) protocols. Smoothed percentiles of AMA and AFA were obtained. Body mass index was calculated with weight and height measurements (kg/m2). Fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) were measured using bio-impedance analyzer. According to the obtained results, arm muscle area values were higher in boys and arm fat area was higher in girls. In addition, sex difference in these variables increased with age. There was a high positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and AMA, AFA. It has been found that there is a difference in AMA and AFA values for Ankara children compared to previous studies in Turkey.
Body composition and dietary patterns in professional and amateur bodybuilders
Authors: Makiel Karol , Suder Agnieszka , Kasza Sebastian , Kubasiak Katarzyna
Published: June 2020

Significant factors affecting body composition and consequently professional and amateur bodybuilders’ performance are both training loads and diet.

The aim was to assess dissimilarities in anthropometrical traits and body composition between males practicing bodybuilding professionally and as amateurs, considering their diet and training.

The study comprised 55 athletes, i.e. 29 professionals attending national championships and 26 amateur bodybuilders. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements involving body height, waist, arm and thigh circumferences and skinfolds covering trunk and extremities. The original nutritional behavior questionnaire and a 24-hour survey were used. An electronic scale was used to measure body weight and body composition was analyzed with the BIA method. In statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk (W-test), t-student and Mann-Whitney U test were applied.

An adipose tissue, assessed on the basis of skinfolds was significantly lower in professionals (p<0.05), whereas lower mean values of body fat free mass (FFM) were found in amateur bodybuilders (p<0.01). Diet survey presented differentiation both in the amount of consumed protein in the diet (1.98 g/kg), in its percentage participation in the diet (21.2%) in favor of the professionals (p<0.05). Significant differentiation was between the groups in the amount of consumed fats (p<0.05). In case of resistance trainings time, energy expenditure and number of trainings were higher for professionals (p<0.05).

Bodybuilders feature better developed muscle mass of extremities and a smaller share of percentage of fat mass in body composition in comparison to amateurs. Professional bodybuilders consume proper amount of carbohydrates and fats and significantly higher level of protein, fiber and energy in diet compared to amateur group. In contrary, higher intake of fats is typical for amateur bodybuilders.
Application of Cellulose Acetate Reinforced Nanocomposite Fluorescence Film as Filter and Bio-Packaging Material with Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Azeh Yakubu , Adetitun David O. , Olatunji Gabriel A. , Adekola Folahan A.
Published: June 2020

In an effort at developing new filters and bio-packaging materials with antibacterial properties, nanocomposite fluorescence films of cellulose acetate reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles, methylcellulose nanoparticles, propylcellulose nanoparticles, toluene diisocyanate modified cellulose and cellulose acetate nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. The effects of the nanoparticles on the mechanical, crystallinity and morphology of the nanocomposite films was studied. The sensitivity of bacteria against the new nanocomposite films was experimented. Scanning electron microscopy showed the films to be well dispersed. Modulus increase was directly proportional to nanoparticle loading. Samples with maximum compatibility were cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) loading of 40% with modulus of 113.3Mpa and toluene diisocyanate modified cellulose nanoparticles (TDI-CNPs) at 20% loading had 146.0Mpa. Others include cellulose acetate nanoparticles (CANPs) at 30% loading with 73.0Mpa; methylcellulose acetate nanoparticles (MCNPs) with 5% loading had a modulus of 87.3Mpa and pure cellulose acetate had 45.0Mpa. The films were applied as filters for the removal of cells of Bacillus; Enterococcus and Micrococcus sp. from the crude bacteriocin, with recoverability of 95.9% based on the bacteriocin produced. The films showed limited antibacterial properties against clinical Pseudomonas sp 1, Pseudomonas sp 2 and Proteus sp. It is concluded that the films showed limited antibacterial properties hence it has antibacterial potentials and capabilities.
Advances in EPR Dosimetry in Terms of Retrospective Determination of Absorbed Dose in Radiation Accidents
Authors: Kubiak Tomasz
Published: June 2020

The electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of dosimetric signals originating from radicals generated under the influence of ionizing radiation allow to determine the dose absorbed by the casualties of radiation accidents. The study material can consist of victim’s teeth, bones or nails. Also human hair and mineral glass from personal electronic devices, that people had in the moment of accident, are considered to be useful in dosimetry. Although X-band (9.4 GHz) spectrometers predominate, Q-band devices (34 GHz) enable to increase the sensitivity of measurements and reduce the size of specimens, whereas L-band machines (1.1 GHz) are suitable for in vivo dosimetry. The EPR tooth enamel dosimetry has been used many times to assess the cumulative radiation dose and health risk in people living in areas contaminated due to the radiation accidents and to determine the unknown absorbed doses in patients after the overexposures during radiotherapy treatment.
The Virtual as the Digital
Authors: Chalmers David J.
Published: June 2020

I reply to seven commentaries on “The Virtual and the Real”. In response to Claus Beisbart, Jesper Juul, Peter Ludlow, and Neil McDonnell and Nathan Wildman, I clarify and develop my view that virtual are digital objects, with special attention to the nature of digital objects and data structures. In response to Alyssa Ney and Eric Schwitzgebel, I clarify and defend my spatial functionalism, with special attention to the connections between space and consciousness. In response to Marc Silcox, I clarify and develop my view of the value of virtual worlds, with special attention to the case where we experience these worlds as virtual.
Climatic Variations and Spatial Price Differentials of Perishable Foods in Nigeria
Authors: Akanni Lateef Olawale
Published: June 2020

In this study, we attempt to examine the factors that explain the spatial price differentials of selected perishable food crops across Nigerian markets. Based on monthly market prices of onions and tomatoes across different States, we examine the implications of climatic variations, cost of transportation and differences in economic sizes on the price spread of these items. The empirical findings from the dynamic heterogeneous panel regressions show that these factors have significant long-run impacts on the difference in food prices across markets. The results highlight climatic differences and transportation costs are important factors in regional price spreads for agricultural commodities and hence the need for specific policies to reduce the prices variability. Policies geared towards improving agriculture value-chain could o er pathways towards mitigating food loss and waste associated with changing climate and transfer costs, and thereby reduction in prices.
Exploring the Likelihood of a Country Being a Tax Haven Using MIMIC Models
Authors: Mourao Paulo Reis
Published: June 2020

The multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) framework is used to analyze dimensions related to causation and indicators of tax haven status. Robust results were obtained that identify a country’s tax burden and area as causes of a country adopting policies usually observed in tax havens. The level of social security contributions as a proportion of public revenues and the ratio of indirect to direct taxes were found to be statistically significant indicators of tax havens. Data from 68 countries for more than twenty years were analyzed, enabling the results to contribute to a deepening of the current debate about tax havens and their socio-economic profiles.
Counteracting Unmanned Aerial Systems in the Operational Area of Airports
Authors: Kustra Marek , Nowakowski Henryk
Published: June 2020

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are treated as an opportunity, a challenge and a threat to airports, but the author decided to focus on the last aspect, in particular on countering UAS in operational area of airports. Due to the above, this article aims to address the characteristics of systems used to counteract and combat (neutralize) UAV in the airport’s operational area. There are used the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, inference, comparison, abstracting and expert interview. To achieve the assumed aim, the author performed two research tasks: presentation of the importance of unmanned aerial systems as well as identification and discussion of the selected threats to airports resulting from the use of unmanned aerial systems. The presented material shows that countering unmanned aerial systems is a complex issue which requires the use of a com-bination of different solutions.
Decision-Making Problems of Collective Transport Development in Terms of Sustainable Urban Mobility
Authors: Jacyna Marianna , Kotylak Piotr
Published: June 2020

The paper presents decision problems related to the development of transport systems facing planning challenges of sustainable urban mobility. Currently, city decision-makers must deal with growing difficulties related to the organisation of public transport systems. These difficulties involve the primary need for effective and ecological public transport systems and the capacity of transport service providers. These issues require a wide spectrum of research and analysis to determine expected future economic and social benefits from the implementation of environmentally friendly infrastructure investments and increasing capacity of service providers. The paper touches on the problem of the so-called green mobility in urban areas and the main management strategies associated with its development. A general formulation of the decision model, including boundary conditions and the criteria function using a sum of revenues from making the public transport offer more attractive, were proposed and discussed.
Substantial and Substantive Corporeality in the Body Discourses of Bhakti Poets
Authors: Sumati Yadav
Published: June 2020

This paper studies the representation of human corporeal reality in the discourses of selected Bhakti poets of the late medieval period in India. Considering the historical background of the Bhakti movement and contemporary cultural milieu in which these mystic poets lived, their unique appropriation of the ancient concept of body is reviewed as revolutionary. The focus of the study is the Kabir Bijak, Surdas’s Vinay-Patrika, and Tulsidas’s Vinay-Patrika, wherein they look at and beyond the organic corporeality and encounter human body not as a socially, religiously, economically stamped noble body or lowly body; male body or female body, but a human body. This paper explores how, like existential phenomenologists, these poet/singers decode the material reality of human beings and link it to the highest goal of achieving Moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth-death) by making body a vulnerable but essential instrument towards spiritual awakening. The paper also reflects upon how these poets have suggested a middle path of absolute devotion to God while performing all earthly duties, seek spiritual enlightenment and avoid the extremities of asceticism and hedonism.
Epidemiological risks in operating theatre
Authors: Sułek Jolanta
Published: June 2020

Introduction. A patient submitted to a surgical procedure is at a high risk of an infection which might additionally worsen his or her health condition. Such infection may cause plenty of negative consequences, such as patient‘s health deterioration, which prolongs his or her hospital stay or even death. It can also cause a patient‘s negative opinion about hospital care he or she has received and, what is more, it increases the cost of treatment.

Aim. The aim of the article is the epidemiological situation analysis of a patient submitted to a surgical procedure which was done from an angle of the sources of mid-surgical infections. Specific aims: a patient related elements causing epidemiological risk; hospital staff related elements causing epidemiological risk; specific character of an operating theatre procedures related elements causing epidemiological risk.

Methods. Literature analysis – review paper.

Conclusions. 1) the infections, which have their source in an operating theatre, may result from various reasons; 2) the cause of an infection might be a human factor (patient, staff) but also organisational factors; 3) a substantial cause of an infection might be ineffective procedures, lack of knowledge of the procedures or simply not observing them by the hospital staff.
Detection of TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion Transcript in Biopsy Specimen of Prostate Cancer Patients: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Trifunovski Aleksandar , Dimovski Aleksandar , Dohcev Sasho , Stavridis Sotir , Stankov Oliver , Saidi Skender , Gjorgjievska Marija , Popov Zivko
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Prostate carcinoma is the most frequent malign neoplasm among men with an ever-growing incidence rate. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript leads to the androgen induction of ERG proto-oncogenes expression, representing a high presence of oncogenes alteration among prostate tumour cells.

Aim: The aim of this research was to detect and evaluate theTMPRSS2-ERG fuse transcript in the tissues of patients with prostate cancer, and establish a base of material of these samples for further genetic examination.

Materials and methods: The research was a prospective clinical study that involved and focused on random sampling of 101 patients (62 with prostate cancer-study group and 39 with benign changes in the prostate-control group). Real time PCR analysis for detection of the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript in prostate tissue was performed and also data from the histopathology results of tissues were used, as well as data for the level of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) in blood.

Results: TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript was detected in 20 out of 62 (32.2%) patients with prostate carcinoma and among no patients with benign changes whatsoever. There were no significant differences between patients with/without detected TMPRSS2-ERG fusion related to Gleason score. Among 50%, in the study group this score was greater than 7 per/for Median IQR=7 (6-8). Significant difference was recognized, related to the average value of PSA in favour of significantly higher value of PSA in the study group with prostate cancer, but there was also no significant difference between samples with prostate cancer who were with/without detected TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript related to PSA level.

Discussion: The results from this research are in accordance with the values and results from analyses done in several research centres and oncological institutes.

Conclusion: The positive findings in small scale studies encourage the implementation of larger scale studies that will be enriched with results of genetic transcript in blood and urine and will define the positive diagnostic meaning of the TMPRSS-ERG fusion transcript.
Challenges Faced by the Romanian Land Forces Regarding Training for the Operations in the Urban Environment
Authors: Solescu Daniel
Published: June 2020

The topic addressed in this article is a current one and modern armies discuss it a lot and many analyses and comments can be made. In the article, the author presents the general framework of operations in the urban environment and starting from the operational requirements mandatory to conduct such operations he analyzes the prospects that such operations have in future military operations and proposes directions for action necessary for the effective training of the subunits within the Romanian Land Forces.
Analyzing the Physical Training Preparation in Firefighter’s Relay Race with Obstacles 4 × 100 m
Authors: Sopa Ioan Sabin , Pomohaci Marcel
Published: June 2020

Firefighters have a demanding and difficult mission both physical and mental so their training must be rigorous and well prepared, therefore they should have good physical resistance, strength, speed, and coordination. Our study focuses on the 4 x 100 m race with obstacles and how should firefighters physically prepare for the race. We had two different samples that form the first and second team of ISU Sibiu in the competition of firefighters of 4 x 100 m race with obstacles, formed by 10 males with age of 30 ± 3.5 years old with experience in this kind of competitions between 2 and 7 years. We presented our training program and the effects on the results of our athletes and also analyze the efficiency of developing motor qualities such as strength, speed, resistance and coordination. The results show relatively good improvements in the performance time in any of the fourth exchanges and also in the motor qualities level. Conclusions of our research present the efficiency of training athletic skills and also the motor qualities in obtaining better results at the 4 x 100 m race with obstacles.
Italian bank crisis: flexible application of BRRD rules, or a bailout in disguise?
Authors: Famfollet Jan , Sankotová Eliška
Published: June 2020

The economic and financial crisis of the year 2008 highlighted the need for banking sector regulation via the creation of the banking union. The Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) represents an important milestone in the formation of the banking union. It is supposed inter alia to replace the existing practice of bailing out failing banks by the opposite principle of bail-in, which makes the bank recapitalized from the internal resources at the detriment of investors and creditors. However, the Italian solution of handling its failing banks took advantage of existing loopholes in the new regulatory system. Eventually, it went against the spirit of the new rules by deploying taxpayers’ money to deal with the banks’ failure. This article evaluates the Italian approach and contemplates the adequacy of the new rules-based system by comparing its potentially beneficial room for flexibility with alleged malfunction and unreliability. Finally, it discusses the potential impact of the Italian approach on the further process of completing the banking union, in particular the establishment of its last pillar, the common deposit guarantee scheme.