bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VCN-01 disrupts pancreatic cancer stroma and exerts antitumor effects
Authors: Bazan-Peregrino Miriam , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Laquente Berta , Álvarez Rafael , Mato-Berciano Ana , Gimenez-Alejandre Marta , Morgado Sara , Rodríguez-García Alba , Maliandi Maria V , Riesco M Carmen , Moreno Rafael , Ginestà Mireia M , Perez-Carreras Mercedes , Gornals Joan B , Prados Susana , Perea Sofía , Capella Gabriel , Alemany Ramon , Salazar Ramon , Blasi Emma , Blasco Carmen , Cascallo Manel , Hidalgo Manuel
Published: November 2021

Background

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by dense desmoplastic stroma that limits the delivery of anticancer agents. VCN-01 is an oncolytic adenovirus designed to replicate in cancer cells with a dysfunctional RB1 pathway and express hyaluronidase. Here, we evaluated the mechanism of action of VCN-01 in preclinical models and in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods

VCN-01 replication and antitumor efficacy were evaluated alone and in combination with standard chemotherapy in immunodeficient and immunocompetent preclinical models using intravenous or intratumoral administration. Hyaluronidase activity was evaluated by histochemical staining and by measuring drug delivery into tumors. In a proof-of-concept clinical trial, VCN-01 was administered intratumorally to patients with PDAC at doses up to 1×1011viral particles in combination with chemotherapy. Hyaluronidase expression was measured in serum by an ELISA and its activity within tumors by endoscopic ultrasound elastography.

Results

VCN-01 replicated in PDAC models and exerted antitumor effects which were improved when combined with chemotherapy. Hyaluronidase expression by VCN-01 degraded tumor stroma and facilitated delivery of a variety of therapeutic agents such as chemotherapy and therapeutic antibodies. Clinically, treatment was generally well-tolerated and resulted in disease stabilization of injected lesions. VCN-01 was detected in blood as secondary peaks and in post-treatment tumor biopsies, indicating virus replication. Patients had increasing levels of hyaluronidase in sera over time and decreased tumor stiffness, suggesting stromal disruption.

Conclusions

VCN-01 is an oncolytic adenovirus with direct antitumor effects and stromal disruption capabilities, representing a new therapeutic agent for cancers with dense stroma.

Trial registration number

EudraCT number: 2012-005556-42 andNCT02045589.
10 Tertiary lymphoid structure in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; a potential target in an immunologically inert malignancy
Authors: Adoke Kasimu , Haruna Sanusi
Published: November 2021

Background

Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) are immune aggregates with various degrees of organization that forms outside of secondary lymphoid organ in response to chronic inflammation, infection or tumours.1 2 TLS like secondary lymphoid organ, has defined T cell zones, B cell zones, high endothelial venules (HEV) and matured dendritic cells. They have been shown to correlate with increase patient survival in many tumours. Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is generally believed to be immunologically inert, low tumour mutation burden (TMB) and poor response to checkpoint blockade. Recent findings in some patients with PDAC shows significant intratumoral cytotoxic T cell infiltration and a high Inflammatory signature. Since current immunotherapy aim to enhance CD 8+ T cells, we aim to investigate the contribution of humoral immunity in patients with TLS in PDAC.

Methods

Tissue blocks were obtained from departmental archive and sections were cut and stained with routine H&E of all patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer from 2015–2021 at Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kebbi. Serial sections were done at 5µ and four immunohistochemical stains CD 3, CD8, CD20 and PD-L1 were used. Statistical analysis was done using spss version 24.

Results

A total of nine cases of PDAC were diagnosed during the period with a Male Female ratio of 1:1.25 with an age range of 40–68 years and a mean age of 57.7±8.4. Five cases (55.6%) of PDAC showed TLS with marked expression of CD20 B+ cells seen in all five cases (figures 1 and 2). Also expressed are CD 8+ cytotoxic T cells and PD-L1. Prognosis was better in patients with TLS compare with those without TLS.

Abstract 10 Figure 1

TLS in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Abstract 10 Figure 2

CD 20 stain in TLS

Conclusions

TLS can be a potential therapeutic target to explore in the future for treatment of some cancers including PDAC through induction of TLS formation in inert tumours or B lymphocyte specific target.

References

Pitzalis C, Jones GW, Bombardieri M, Jones S. Ectopic lymphoid like structures in infection, cancer and autoimmunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2014; 14: 447–462.

Neyt K, Perros F, Geurtsvan C, Hammad H. Lambrecht B. Tertiary lymphoid organs in infection and autoimmunity. Trends Immunol 2012; 33: 297–305.

Ethics Approval

Ethical Approval was obtained for this study with Ethics number KSHREC Registration Number:104:6/2019

Consent

N/A
57 Assessment of the spatial distribution of B cells subpopulations in the tumor microenvironment and tertiary lymphoid structures by Brightplex®, a sequential chromogenic multiplex assay
Authors: Trinh Alex , Collignon Aurélie , Olive Marion , Jaume Clémence , Chamourin Maïté , Sfeir Nour , Anselmo Dylan , Ramouz-Charpentier Raana , Culey Georgia , Haond Christophe , Galon Jerome , Fieschi-Meric Jacques
Published: November 2021

Background

Density and localization of T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical to control tumor growth. Immunotherapy with antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), which aim to reinvigorate exhausted T cells, despite inducing long-term response in many cancer types, remains ineffective for most patients. Other factors present in the TME may participate in the control of tumors, among several candidates, the role of B cells has been underestimated. Publications revealed that B-cells are associated with good prognosis in several indications. However, there are no general rules since neutral or even deleterious impact of the presence of B-cells in the tumor was reported. Among other hypotheses, we can suppose that the level of activation and isotype switch will be important to mediate activation of NK cells or ADCC within the tumor and will have a favorable impact on the prognosis. In addition, the spatial distribution of B-cells may be important since, in the TME, they are mostly located in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS) which are ectopic lymphoid organs. Mature TLSs contain zones where dendritic cells (DC) present antigen to T-cells and others where proliferating B-cells undergo class switch and maturation toward plasma cells. Antigen presentation by B cells to T cells is supported by DCs, therefore, the presence of these three types of cells within the TLS allows T cell activation in the TME. If B-cells are major players in the therapeutic efficacy of ICI antibodies, not all subtypes of tumor infiltrating B-cells are likely to participate in response to immunotherapy.

Methods

To decipher the roles of B cells, new tools are needed to identify the differentiation and activation status of individual B cells. We have developed a 7-plex panel of antibodies against biomarkers that allow the identification of main types of B cells.

Results

On a single FFPE tissue section: naïve, unswitched memory, switched memory, activated, plasmablast and plasma B cells, as well as T cells and DC are identified. Following images registration, complex cells phenotypes can be detected and quantified. Furthermore, digital pathology tools allow the evaluation of the spatial distribution within the TME of subtypes of B cells especially in association with TLSs.

Conclusions

This new tool unravels the heterogeneity of B cells in TME and could help clinical researchers to understand their contribution to the response to immunotherapy. Integrated into an Immunogram, this new Brightplex® Panel will be critical to understand the immune contexture of the tumor.
316 Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 is highly expressed on tumor-infiltrating T cells and may play a role in modulating T cell activation
Authors: Wang Li , Chan Timothy , Gilmour Cassandra , Zhang Keman , Alban Tyler , Ta Hieu , Ta Hieu
Published: November 2021

Background

Immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) regulate T cell-mediated immune responses to self - and neo-antigens, thereby play an important role in the development of autoimmunity and immune responses to infections. In cancer, ICRs such as PD-1 and CTLA4 impair immuno-surveillance against neoplastic cells, while other costimulatory molecules like ICOS, OX40 could augment the immune responses. Immunotherapy that targets either inhibitory or costimulatory immune checkpoint have become the breakthrough therapy for cancer treatment. However, the efficacy of this class of therapy is limited to a fraction of patients, pointing the need to overcome non-redundant immuno-inhibitory pathways or discover new immuno-costimulatory pathways.

Methods

Examining surface proteins that are highly expressed in various mouse tumors by flow cytometry and immuno-histochemistry

Results

This study identified the expression of Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 (LRIG1) in activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. LRIG1 is a type-I transmembrane protein with 1092 amino acids (120 kD) and ubiquitous tissue expression patterns. We show that LRIG1 expression is not detectable on naïve CD4+ and CD8+ murine T cells but is induced upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in vitro, and in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from multiple murine models. We also detected LRIG1 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ TILs in several types of cancer patients such as non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, B cell lymphoma.

Conclusions

LRIG1 was originally identified as a tumor suppressor gene in a variety of tissues, but its expression and function have not been explored in immune cells. Our data suggest that LRIG1 is highly expressed in TILs in multiple cancer types and might play a role in regulating the anti-tumor immune response

Ethics Approval

Our studies have been approved by the ethics committee of the Cleveland Clinic.

Consent

Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this abstract and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal.
317 An immunosuppressive tumor population drives global and regional patterns of immune infiltration in heterogeneous tumors
Authors: Tanaka Miho , Lum Lotus , Ng Kenneth , Adams Zoe , Superville Daphne , Reeves Melissa
Published: November 2021

Background

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is cellular and molecular diversity within a tumor. ITH is linked to failure of immunotherapy in multiple cancer types. One of the suggested mechanisms of this failure is the absence of a productive immune response, which can be driven by the dominance of a tumor population that creates immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate such dominant immunosuppressive effects and how a dominant immunosuppressive tumor population affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy are poorly understood.

Methods

We generated a library of squamous skin cell carcinoma cell lines derived from DMBA+TPA carcinogen-treated mice. Upon transplantation into immunocompetent mice, two cell lines (CF6 and CF9) gave rise to highly and poorly immune-infiltrated tumors, respectively. These two cell lines were tagged with YFP and RFP, respectively, mixed at a 1:1 ratio and injected subcutaneously. The resulting mixed tumors contained a patchwork of distinct regions that are predominantly occupied with YFP (CF6) cells, occupied with RFP (CF9) cells, or are a mixture of YFP and RFP cells. These mixed tumors were microdissected into YFP, RFP, and mixed regions, and the immune infiltrate in each region was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results

We found mixed tumors were ”cold” on a whole-tumor level. However, regional analysis showed a higher frequency of total and CD4 T cells in YFP regions compared to RFP regions. In contrast, macrophages exhibited a preferential localization to RFP regions. This suggests that local factors unique to each region drive the immune infiltration patterns of CD4 T cells and macrophages. Interestingly, although CD8 T cells showed a low frequency in all regions, a majority of CD8 T cells from YFP regions produced IFNgamma in response to PMA/Ionomycin stimulation while IFNgamma+ CD8 T cells from RFP regions made up a small fraction. This suggests that the presence of CF9-RFP regions inhibits infiltration of CD8 T cells throughout the tumor, but may not affect the anti-tumoral potential of CD8 T cells that succeed in infiltrating CF6-YFP regions.

Conclusions

An immunosuppressive tumor population rendered our model heterogeneous tumors ”cold” on the whole. Nonetheless, we observed regional patterns in the quantity and quality of immune infiltrates, with local immune infiltration being shaped by the tumor cells present in that region. Understanding how these immune infiltration patterns impact the response of each region to ICB therapy will provide insights into the mechanism by which ITH poses barriers to immunotherapy.
Supergravity with mimetic dark matter
Authors: Chamseddine Ali H.
Published: November 2021

We formulate a supersymmetric version of gravity with mimetic dark matter. The coupling of a constrained chiral multiplet to $$N = 1$$

N
=
1

supergravity is made locally supersymmetric using the rules of tensor calculus. The chiral multiplet is constrained with a Lagrange multiplier multiplet that could be either a chiral multiplet or a linear multiplet. We obtain the fully supersymmetric Lagrangians in both cases. It is then shown that the system consisting of the supergravity multiplet, the chiral multiplet and the Lagrange multiplier multiplet can break supersymmetry spontaneously leading to a model of a graviton, massive gravitino and two scalar fields representing mimetic dark matter. The combination of the chiral multiplet and Lagrange multiplier multiplet can act as the hidden sector breaking local $$N = 1$$

N
=
1

supersymmetry.
Deciphering weak decays of triply heavy baryons by SU(3) analysis
Authors: Huang Fei , Xu Ji , Zhang Xi-Ruo
Published: November 2021

Baryons with three heavy quarks are the last missing pieces of the lowest-lying baryon multiplets in the quark model after the discovery of doubly heavy baryons. In this work, we study nonleptonic weak decays of triply heavy baryons $$\Omega _{ccc}^{++}$$

Ω

ccc

+
+

, $$\Omega _{bbb}^{-}$$

Ω

bbb

-

, $$\Omega _{ccb}^{+}$$

Ω

ccb

+

, and $$\Omega _{cbb}^{0}$$

Ω

cbb

0

. Decay amplitudes for various processes have been parametrized in terms of the SU(3) irreducible nonperturbative amplitudes. A number of relations for the partial decay widths can be deduced from these results that can be examined in future. Some decay channels and cascade decay modes which likely to be used to reconstruct the triply heavy baryons have been also listed.
Quantum technology for military applications
Authors: Krelina Michal
Published: November 2021

Quantum technology is an emergent and potentially disruptive discipline, with the ability to affect many human activities. Quantum technologies are dual-use technologies, and as such are of interest to the defence and security industry and military and governmental actors. This report reviews and maps the possible quantum technology military applications, serving as an entry point for international peace and security assessment, ethics research, military and governmental policy, strategy and decision making. Quantum technologies for military applications introduce new capabilities, improving effectiveness and increasing precision, thus leading to ‘quantum warfare’, wherein new military strategies, doctrines, policies and ethics should be established. This report provides a basic overview of quantum technologies under development, also estimating the expected time scale of delivery or the utilisation impact. Particular military applications of quantum technology are described for various warfare domains (e.g. land, air, space, electronic, cyber and underwater warfare and ISTAR—intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance), and related issues and challenges are articulated.
Improved semiclassical model for real-time evaporation of matrix black holes
Authors: Berenstein David , Guan Yueshu
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study real-time classical matrix mechanics of a simplified [Formula: see text] matrix model inspired by the black hole evaporation problem. This is a step towards making a quantitative model of real-time evaporation of a black hole, which is realized as a bound state of D0-branes in string theory. The model we study is the reduction of Yang–Mills in [Formula: see text] dimension to [Formula: see text] dimensions, which has been corrected with an additional potential that can be interpreted as a zero-point energy for fermions. Our goal is to understand the lifetime of such a classical bound state object in the classical regime. To do so, we pay particular attention to when [Formula: see text]-particles separate to check that the “off-diagonal modes” of the matrices become adiabatic and use that information to improve on existing models of evaporation. It turns out that the naive expectation value of the lifetime with the fermionic correction is infinite. This is a logarithmic divergence that arises from very large excursions in the separation between the branes near the threshold for classical evaporation. The adiabatic behavior lets us get some analytic control of the dynamics in this regime to get this estimate. This divergence is cutoff in the quantum theory due to quantization of the adiabatic parameter, resulting in a long lifetime of the bound state, with a parametric dependence of order [Formula: see text].
ANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN EYES AND BRAIN ACTIVITIES IN RESPONSE TO MOVING VISUAL STIMULI
Authors: RAMAMOORTHY RAMESH , MENON AVINASH , RAJAGOPAL KARTHIKEYAN , FRISCHER ROBERT , NAMAZI HAMIDREZA
Published: November 2021

This paper analyzed the coupling among the reactions of eyes and brain in response to visual stimuli. Since eye movements and electroencephalography (EEG) signals as the features of eye and brain activities have complex patterns, we utilized fractal theory and sample entropy to decode the correlation between them. In the experiment, subjects looked at a dot that moved on different random paths (dynamic visual stimuli) on the screen of a computer in front of them while we recorded their EEG signals and eye movements simultaneously. The results indicated that the changes in the complexity of eye movements and EEG signals are coupled ([Formula: see text] in case of fractal dimension and [Formula: see text] in case of sample entropy), which reflects the coupling between the brain and eye activities. This analysis could be extended to evaluate the correlation between the activities of other organs versus the brain.
Adrenergic Regulation of Calcium Channels in the Heart
Authors: Papa Arianne , Kushner Jared , Marx Steven O.
Published: November 2021

Each heartbeat is initiated by the action potential, an electrical signal that depolarizes the plasma membrane and activates a cycle of calcium influx via voltage-gated calcium channels, calcium release via ryanodine receptors, and calcium reuptake and efflux via calcium-ATPase pumps and sodium-calcium exchangers. Agonists of the sympathetic nervous system bind to adrenergic receptors in cardiomyocytes, which, via cascading signal transduction pathways and protein kinase A (PKA), increase the heart rate (chronotropy), the strength of myocardial contraction (inotropy), and the rate of myocardial relaxation (lusitropy). These effects correlate with increased intracellular concentration of calcium, which is required for the augmentation of cardiomyocyte contraction. Despite extensive investigations, the molecular mechanisms underlying sympathetic nervous system regulation of calcium influx in cardiomyocytes have remained elusive over the last 40 years. Recent studies have uncovered the mechanisms underlying this fundamental biologic process, namely that PKA phosphorylates a calcium channel inhibitor, Rad, thereby releasing inhibition and increasing calcium influx. Here, we describe an updated model for how signals from adrenergic agonists are transduced to stimulate calcium influx and contractility in the heart.
A Solution to Prevent a Blackout Crisis: Determining the Behavioral Potential and Capacity of Solar Power
Authors: Kalantar Saeed Vedadi , Saifoddin Amir Ali , Hajinezhad Ahmad , Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: November 2021

Increasing the power grid peak in the summer time causes power outages in industries and residential areas in Iran. The most obvious example of this issue is the power outages in the summer of 2018. Management of the demand-side is the most important strategy to reduce the grid peak due to the high cost of the development of the power plant capacity (500$ per kilowatt). In the present study, the effect of behavioral parameters in decreasing the power grid peak was identified. The behavioral simulation was done as an agent-based model using the raw data of the time-use survey (TUS) of the Statistics Center of Iran. 4228 urban households were surveyed, and the quality of people’s behavior was determined in each time step of 15 minutes during the day and night with 2 deterministic and stochastic approaches. In the stochastic approach, the Markov chain method was used. It showed that the power grid peak can only be reduced by 10% with behavioral flexibility and up to 25% by upgrading technology. In addition, based on the power deficit in 2018, 2000 megawatts of solar power capacity must be added to the network at peak times to meet grid demand.
Identification of Biomarkers Related to Immune Cell Infiltration with Gene Coexpression Network in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Qiqi , Xie Xudong
Published: November 2021

Background. There is evidence that the immune system plays a key critical role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the exact mechanisms associated with immunity have not been systematically uncovered. Methods. This study used the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and the CIBERSORT algorithm to analyze the MI expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and then identify the module associated with immune cell infiltration. In addition, we built the coexpression network and protein-protein interactions network analysis to identify the hub genes. Furthermore, the relationship between hub genes and NK cell resting was validated by using another dataset GSE123342. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to assess the diagnostic value of verified hub genes. Results. Monocytes and neutrophils were markedly increased, and T cell CD8, T cell CD4 naive, T cell CD4 memory resting, and NK cell resting were significantly decreased in MI groups compared with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) groups. The WGCNA results showed that the pink model had the highest correlation with the NK cell resting infiltration level. We identified 11 hub genes whose expression correlated to the NK cell resting infiltration level, among which, 7 hub genes (NKG7, TBX21, PRF1, CD247, KLRD1, FASLG, and EOMES) were successfully validated in GSE123342. And these 7 genes had diagnostic value to distinguish MI and stable CAD. Conclusions. NKG7, TBX21, PRF1, CD247, KLRD1, FASLG, and EOMES may be a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target associated with NK cell resting infiltration in MI.
Optimizing the Prehospital-Hospital Emergency Care Path Application Value in Emergency Treatment of Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Lihui Liu , qing Yuan
Published: November 2021

Objective. To explore the effect of optimizing the prehospital-hospital emergency nursing path on the rescue speed, rescue effect, and patient prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods. A retrospective study was performed to select 227 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage who visited our hospital from August 2018 to October 2019, and we compared the optimization of the prehospital-hospital emergency nursing pathway (research group) with traditional prehospital time spent in the rescue and the prognosis of patients in the emergency care pathway (control group) in the hospital. The GOS score, FMA score, and Barthel index were used to compare the prognosis of the two groups of patients. Results. The prehospital-hospital emergency nursing route was optimized compared with the traditional nursing route. The rescue time of patients in each link was shorter (

P
<
0.05

), and the incidence of complications was low (

P
<
0.05

). The scales and scores all suggested that patients had a better prognosis (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Optimizing the prehospital-hospital emergency nursing path can significantly shorten the rescue time, improve the rescue effect, and improve the prognosis of patients.
Rehabilitation Educational Design for Children with Autism Based on the Radial Basis Function Neural Network
Authors: Qi Yueer , Han Jia-Xuan
Published: November 2021

Children with autism need appropriate educational toys to assist rehabilitation training, so as to inhibit the development of autism. Toys and related treatments for children with autism can alleviate some of the deficits of children with autism. By using toys as stimuli and various sensations obtained by children with autism or toys as a result of reinforcement, the improvement of certain capabilities expected by related therapies can be achieved through the process of stimulation and reinforcement. However, in the process of pediatrics toy development, it is difficult for toy designers to assess whether the purpose of stimulation and reinforcement can be achieved. There are many factors that affect the design of rehabilitation toys. The industry has not formed a unified design evaluation standard, and the effects of product rehabilitation training are uneven. A method based on the radial basis function (RBF) neural network was proposed in this research to study the rehabilitation design and evaluation of rehabilitation toys for children with autism. Firstly, according to the three demand indicators for the evaluation of rehabilitation training for children with autism, that is, “useful, educational, and entertaining,” the analytic network process (ANP) method was chosen as the weighting method for determining each indicator in the overall evaluation. The RBF neural network rehabilitation model for children with autism was designed and evaluated. The maximum error of the model was less than 10%. The evaluation method was objective and reasonable, so as to provide a reference for the more accurate design evaluation, purchase, and development of rehabilitation toys for children with autism.
An Intestinal Centerline Extraction Algorithm Based on Federated Framework
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , He Zhen’an , Wang Ying , Dang Linlin , Han Weifang , Zhang Cheng
Published: November 2021

The intestine is an important organ of the human body, and its internal structure always needs to be observed in clinical applications so as to provide a basis for accurate diagnosis. However, due to the limited intestinal data obtained by a single institution, deep learning cannot effectively train the intestines, and the effect is not satisfied. For this reason, we propose a distributed training method to carry out federated learning to alleviate the situation of patient sample data shortage, not shared and uneven data distribution. And the blockchain is introduced to enhance the interaction between networks, to solve the problem of a single point of failure of the federated learning server. Fully excavate the multiscale features of samples, to construct a fusion enhancement model and intestinal segmentation module for accurate positioning. At the local end, the centerline extraction algorithm is optimized, with the edge as the main and the source as the auxiliary to realize centerline extraction.
Application of Collaborative Filtering and Data Mining Technology in Personalized National Music Recommendation and Teaching
Authors: Lu Meilin , Deng Fangfang
Published: November 2021

Personalized music recommendations can accurately push the music of interest from a massive song library based on user information when the user’s listening needs are blurred. To this end, this paper proposes a method of national music recommendation based on ontology modeling and context awareness to explore the use of music resources to portray user preferences better. First, the expectation-maximization algorithm is used to cluster users and ethnic music scores, and similar users and music are divided into clusters. The similarity of objects in the same cluster is higher, and the similarity of objects in different clusters is lower. Second, we designed a multilayer collaborative filtering ethnic music recommendation model based on ontology modeling and tensor decomposition. This model uses ontology to construct a user knowledge model and integrates similarity measures in multiple situations. The actual case test and user feedback analysis show that the designed personalized national music model has good application and promotion effects.
A Resource-Friendly Authentication Protocol for UAV-Based Massive Crowd Management Systems
Authors: Alzahrani Bander A. , Barnawi Ahmed , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf
Published: November 2021

As a part of the smart city revolution, crowd management is an emerging trend and it can enhance the quality of life. Unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs) can help in making the crowd management process more efficient and more accurate. UAVs can monitor and collect environmental-related surveillance data and share real-time information with each other and with the decision makers. However, the battery-operated UAVs communicate over the open public channel making the privacy and security of the UAVs a crucial element in mission-critical applications. The weaknesses of the existing scheme pave the way to design a new lightweight authentication scheme for UAV environments. In this article, we present a symmetric key primitive-based scheme and provide authentication among a user and a UAV through an intermediate control center. Due to usage of symmetric key and elliptic curve cryptography, the proposed scheme fulfils the performance requirements of the UAVs. The security of the proposed scheme is substantiated through BAN logic, along with a discussion on security features extended by the proposed scheme. The performance and security comparisons show that the proposed scheme provides adequate security and efficiency and can be practically deployed in real UAV environments.
Primary Cutaneous Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Tumor
Authors: Tchack Madeline S. , Broscius Michael , Reichel Martin
Published: November 2021

This report documents an exophytic, pedunculated nodule in a 74-year-old man that upon histopathological examination revealed an atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor (ASPLT) confined to the papillary and reticular dermis, representing the fourth documented case within the skin. Despite the overt pleomorphic changes present histologically, the patient is free of metastasis or recurrence five years after surgery.
SmartMedChain: A Blockchain-Based Privacy-Preserving Smart Healthcare Framework
Authors: El Majdoubi Driss , El Bakkali Hanan , Sadki Souad
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology worldwide is accelerating the digital transformation of healthcare industry. In this context, smart healthcare (s-healthcare) solutions are ensuring better and innovative opportunities for healthcare providers to improve patients’ care. However, these solutions raise also new challenges in terms of security and privacy due to the diversity of stakeholders, the centralized data management, and the resulting lack of trustworthiness, accountability, and control. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Blockchain-based and privacy-preserving framework called SmartMedChain for data sharing in s-healthcare environment. The Blockchain is built on Hyperledger Fabric and stores encrypted health data by using the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), a distributed data storage solution with high resiliency and scalability. Indeed, compared to other propositions and based on the concept of smart contracts, our solution combines both data access control and data usage auditing measures for both Medical IoT data and Electronic Health Records (EHRs) generated by s-healthcare services. In addition, s-healthcare stakeholders can be held accountable by introducing an innovative Privacy Agreement Management scheme that monitors the execution of the service in respect of patient preferences and in accordance with relevant privacy laws. Security analysis and experimental results show that the proposed SmartMedChain is feasible and efficient for s-healthcare environments.
Determinants of the Intention to Use Smart Healthcare Devices: A Framework and Public Policy Implications
Authors: Lu Xifeng , Hao Junyi , Shan Biaoan , Gu Anwei
Published: November 2021

Healthcare industry is strongly influenced by new digital technologies. In this context, this study creates a framework and explores determinants of the intention to use smart healthcare devices. Several factors were identified, including usefulness, convenience, novelty, price, technological complexity, and perceived privacy risks of smart devices. Based on the samples from China, we find that usefulness, convenience, and novelty have positive influences on the intention to use smart healthcare devices. However, technological complexity is negatively related to the intention to use smart devices. The results further extend previous researches in the area of the healthcare industry.
A Decade of Mighty Lipophagy: What We Know and What Facts We Need to Know?
Authors: Khawar Muhammad Babar , Abbasi Muddasir Hassan , Rafiq Mussarat , Naz Naila , Mehmood Rabia , Sheikh Nadeem
Published: November 2021

Lipids are integral cellular components that act as substrates for energy provision, signaling molecules, and essential constituents of biological membranes along with a variety of other biological functions. Despite their significance, lipid accumulation may result in lipotoxicity, impair autophagy, and lysosomal function that may lead to certain diseases and metabolic syndromes like obesity and even cell death. Therefore, these lipids are continuously recycled and redistributed by the process of selective autophagy specifically termed as lipophagy. This selective form of autophagy employs lysosomes for the maintenance of cellular lipid homeostasis. In this review, we have reviewed the current literature about how lipid droplets (LDs) are recruited towards lysosomes, cross‐talk between a variety of autophagy receptors present on LD surface and lysosomes, and lipid hydrolysis by lysosomal enzymes. In addition to it, we have tried to answer most of the possible questions related to lipophagy regulation at different levels. Moreover, in the last part of this review, we have discussed some of the pathological states due to the accumulation of these LDs and their possible treatments under the light of currently available findings.
Introduction of Two-Dose Mumps-Containing Vaccine into Routine Immunization Schedule in Quzhou, China, Using Cox-Proportional Hazard Model
Authors: Yin Zhiying , Zheng Canjie , Fang Quanjun , Gong Xiaoying , Cao Guoping , Li Junji , Xiang Ziling , Song Wei
Published: November 2021

Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the mumps virus, but the incidence of mumps has increased among the children who were vaccinated with one-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the influence of different doses of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) against mumps using Cox-proportional hazard model. We collected 909 mumps cases of children who were born from 2006 to 2010 and vaccinated with different doses of MuCV in Quzhou during 2006-2018, which were all clinically diagnosed. Kaplan-Meier survival methods and Cox-proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard probabilities. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the cumulative hazard of male and female has no difference; lower hazards were detected among those who were vaccinated with two-dose MuCV, born in 2006, and infected after supplementary immunization activities (SIA). Cox-proportional hazard regression suggested that onset after SIA, born in 2006, and vaccinated with two-dose MuCV were protective factors against infection even after adjusting for potential confounding effects. Our study showed that it was necessary to revise the diagnostic criteria of mumps and identify RT-PCR as the standard for mumps diagnosis in China. We suggested that routine immunization schedule should introduce two doses of MMR and prevaccination screening should be performed before booster immunization in vaccinated populations.
[Retracted] 3D City Online Visualization and Cluster Architecture for Digital City
Authors: Fu Lin , Ding Yaqing
Published: November 2021

As an important carrier of human production, life, and social development, the emergence of cities symbolizes the maturity and civilization of mankind. For more than 40 years of reform and opening up, our country’s economic development has become increasingly prosperous, and urbanization is booming. At present, our country is in a decisive period for building a well‐off society in an all‐round way, with rapid progress in socio‐economic growth and urbanization. Based on this, this article is oriented towards urban visualization modeling work and proposes a cluster modeling method that is compatible with the combination of urban geological structure and three‐dimensional urban space, so that urban space modeling work not only pays attention to the rationality of above‐ground planning and construction but also fully considers underground geology the stability and safety of the structure. This paper uses the 3D city online visualization modeling technology to efficiently and reasonably complete the 3D urban geological modeling under the fusion of multiple geological data and combines the organic combination of multisource heterogeneous model data to convert the geological model data into a 3D geographic information model; the universal standard format analyzes the rapid construction of large‐scale complex geological structure models and the integrated expression of multisource heterogeneous model data. Experiments have proved that from the cluster capacity of 5,000 to 100,000, no matter how much the modeling time is different, whether it is to search the entire territory or part of the scope, the search time of the 3D city visualization model is less than 20 ms, and the 3D city visualization model map of the city can be well established. This shows that the three‐dimensional city visualization model highlights the impact of the urban geological environment on urban construction and development and visually and vividly displays region geological structure and other information in a three‐dimensional way, providing corresponding information for urban geological stability assessment and geological disaster rescue reference and help.
Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels Guidance of Low-Dose Furosemide Treatment to Prevent Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gu Guoqiang , Liu Demin , Lu Rui , Cui Wei
Published: November 2021

Objective. We aimed to explore the preventive effect of low-dose furosemide administration guided by left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) based on adequate hydration on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods. This parallel randomized clinical trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China. A total of 1053 consecutive patients (71.98% men) who underwent PCI at our hospital were enrolled. Pre-PCI plasma BNP levels were recorded. Patients enrolled received a continuous intravenous infusion of normal saline starting 4 h before PCI until 24 h after surgery. LVEDP was measured immediately after surgery. Patients in the control group received intravenous furosemide injection (20 mg). Patients in the experimental group received furosemide if they showed LVEDP ≥15 mmHg, a post-PCI BNP level ≥100 pg/mL, and/or a post-PCI BNP value > 150% of the pre-PCI value. The primary and secondary outcome measures were serum creatinine levels, glomerular filtration rate, and creatinine clearance rate measured before and after PCI. CIN incidence was compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the risk factors for CIN. Results. CIN incidence was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group (

P
<
0.05

). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated LVEDP and BNP levels were risk factors. As LVEDP increased, the CIN incidence also increased (odds ratio (OR) 1.038, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.006–1.070). The OR of BNP was 1.001 (95% CI 1.000–1.002). Conclusions. Low-dose furosemide administration guided by LVEDP or BNP is superior to direct low-dose administration on the basis of adequate hydration during PCI. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-14005250
Stabilization Methods in the Submerged Arc Discharge Synthesis of Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Hernandez-Tabares Lorenzo , Darias-Gonzalez Juan G. , Chao-Mujica Frank J. , Ledo-Pereda Luis M. , Antuch Manuel , Carrillo-Barroso Ernesto , Chong-Quero J. Enrique , Reguera Edilso , Desdin-Garcia Luis F.
Published: November 2021

Many papers, in which the submerged arc discharge (SAD) method in nanoparticle synthesis was used, reported similar operating parameters, but different electrode erosion rate values, different yields and purities of the obtained nanostructures, and a different sort of contaminants present in the synthesis. Analyzing these articles, we found insufficient attention to ensure the arc power stability, which is a key factor guaranteeing the product homogeneity and quality. This paper presents an analysis of different control strategies, remarks their advantages and drawbacks, and proposes the most appropriate technique to be used in SAD. The most appropriate technique is proposed from the SAD stabilization method analysis.
Lived Experiences of Mothers Raising Children with Autism in Chitwan District, Nepal
Authors: Acharya Sabitri , Sharma Kalpana
Published: November 2021

Background. Autism is a neurodevelopmental problem that is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. Rearing and caring for children with autism depends upon the perception of mothers and various factors associated with it. There is a gap in the literature regarding the detailed accounts of mother’s experiences regarding autism in Nepal. Hence, this study was undertaken to explore lived experiences of mothers raising children with autism. Materials and Methods. Qualitative phenomenological study design was used and nine mothers with autistic children were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using in-depth interview guidelines and analyzed using Colaizzi’s steps. Results. Findings of the study revealed that mothers raising children with autism encountered numerous problems in their life. They felt physically exhausted due to the continuous supervision of their child. Emotional problems such as denial, upset/sadness, and worry were also common among them. In addition, all mothers faced social problems such as social blame, social isolation, and ignorance from their relatives and society due to the atypical behavior of their child. Furthermore, the economic problem was also acute among mothers due to job loss, costly medical treatment, and therapies. So, to deal with the stressors they faced, mothers adopted various coping strategies such as respite care, problem-focused strategies, religious coping, and positive coping in their everyday life. Conclusion. In conclusion, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study documenting the experiences of Nepalese mothers having autistic children. Hence, health care professionals need to pay more attention to address the problems of mothers while treating their autistic children. The Government of Nepal also needs to formulate a policy for the rehabilitation of autistic children in society.
Role of Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning in Deepening the Internet Plus Social Work Service
Authors: Yin Hexiao
Published: November 2021

The traditional social work services are mainly visits which have some problems such as inconvenient information circulation, unreasonable resource allocation, and low service efficiency. To improve these problems, Internet plus is used to reform social work services and form an Internet plus social work service mode. Although this model has a very good improvement effect on social work service, with the rapid increase of the number of social work services and the rapid growth of the number of volunteers, this model has limitations in the arrangement of social work services and volunteer management. Therefore, based on this model, with the help of machine learning, the Internet plus social work service mode can be deepened by using machine learning to manage social services and volunteers. Internet plus social work service is the main problem in this paper. The Internet plus social work service mode is formed. Then, the deepening role of machine learning in Internet + social work service is discussed, and some problems in Internet plus social work service mode are improved. Internet plus social work service mode can better improve the problems in traditional social work service. The paper also uses machine learning to further optimize the mode of Internet plus social work service, which has a good application in social work service prospects.
Electrophoretic Codeposition of MoOx/MoS2 Thin Film for Platinum-Free Counter Electrode in Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tung , Ngo Huy Phap , Le Van Thang , Huynh Le Thanh Nguyen , Le Viet Hai , Nguyen Thai Hoang , Ngo Hoang Long
Published: November 2021

The MoOx/MoS2 thin films were manufactured on conducting glass (FTO) from the ethanolic mixture of colloidal molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and molybdenum oxides (MoOx) by electrophoretic deposition method and were used for counter electrode of quantum dot solar cells. Different ramp-rate conditions for electrophoretic deposition as well as bias potential were investigated in an attempt to get the highest possible electrocatalytic activity of polysulfide (S2-/Sn2-) redox couple. In this research, interestingly, by simply using CdS/CdSe/ZnS photoanode and polysulfide electrolyte under 1000 W.m−2 AM 1.5 G illumination, the power conversion efficiency of MoOx/MoS2-counter-electrode-based QDSC was achieved up to 2.01%, which was double compared to platinum-based counter electrode of QDSCs.