bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LMDI decomposition analysis of total electricity consumption growth in Hunan province
Authors: Hu Bizheng , Liao Jing , Tu Xingwen , Zhou Xiao
Published: May 2021

In the past decade, as an important driving force of economic growth, the China’s electricity consumption growth rate has been decoupled from GDP growth rate. The economic reasons behind this abnormal phenomenon are worthy of further study. Based on the LMDI method, this paper built a model to decompose the total electricity consumption in Hunan province from 2010 to 2017 from the industrial and residential perspective. The results showed that: integrally, scale effect was the main driving factor of electricity consumption growth, intensity effect was the main inhibiting factor, and structure effect had no obvious influence; there are significant differences between the results of industrial and residential sectors, for the industry, the productive consumption intensity effect was the most significant factor that inhibited the growth of electricity consumption, while all the effects of residential sector were shown as promotion, and the increase of electricity consumption in the residential sector played a key role in the growth rate of electricity consumption in Hunan province.
Optimization method of electric field inverse problem based on intelligent algorithm
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Yang Shenglan , Lu Li , Jiang Zefeng , Yang Wei , Huang Zhipeng
Published: May 2021

With the expansion of China's power grid, the scale, transmission distance and load capacity of transmission projects are all growing rapidly. Meanwhile, the problem of transmission line running state detection is also attracting more and more attention. Electric field under high voltage transmission line is taken as the research object in this paper, and the principle of electric field inverse operation is analyzed, two kinds of calculation objects and methods of nondestructive examination are are described in detail. There are two kinds of intelligent algorithms in this paper in order to solve the problem of several unknown solutions in inverse electric field operation. Correspondingly, the fitness function based on voltage value and result value is established, and the inverse electric field operation algorithm with global optimization function is proposed. A calculation example of high-voltage transmission line is also used to verify the inverse problem optimization algorithm. It is respectively proved by calculation results that the effectiveness and accuracy of the optimization method based on the two kinds of intelligent algorithms.
Effect of the MoSi2 coating on operational reliability of bipropellant rocket engine
Authors: Cai Kun , Zhang Zhen , Wang Na , Hu Yu , Wang Fengshan
Published: May 2021

This present study investigated the MoSi2 coating and its effect on reliability of bipropellant rocket engine. This coating is developed to protect the chamber substrate material form oxidization under hightemperature oxidative circumstance as bipropellant engine works. The multilayer structure of the MoSi2 coating shows excellent high-temperature and thermal-cycle resistance. Its characteristic of self-healing leads to the good performance under the long-time steady working condition for rocket engines. A 25000-seconds firing test was conducted to testify the performance of MoSi2 coating under high temperature above 1400℃. In addition, the influence of coating surface morphology on liquid film cooling was fully discussed in experiment and simulation. High-speed microscopy camera was used to study the effects of Weber number on the spreading and lasting of cooling liquid-film. the simulative comparison was conducted by OpenFOAM to present different transfer-heat modes, when a droplet impinges on the high-temperature surface of MoSi2 coating. All results show that higher smoothness of the coating is suitable for liquid-film cooling, strengthening liquid film spread and heat transfer. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the effect of Mo layer residue on the coating thermal-cycle profermance. The test results indicates that Mo layer residue significantly cause penetrating cracks of the coating and then weaken the self-healing of the coating at downstream of throat. Therefore, it is important to strictly control the thickness of Mo layer by means of matching Mo target in ion plating. Thus after properly prolonging the infiltration time, Mo layer can be silicified completely without residue.
Dépistage néonatal de l’hypothyroïdie congénitale et de l’hyperplasie congénitale des surrénales
Authors: Van Vliet Guy , Grosse Scott D.
Published: May 2021

Le dépistage néonatal est un important programme de santé publique et un triomphe de la médecine préventive. Les analyses économiques démontrent que les bienfaits de ce dépistage l’emportent sur les coûts pour certaines maladies, mais pas nécessairement pour toutes. Cela est dû à la grande diversité des maladies dépistées, au fait que chacune d’entre elles, considérée individuellement, est rare, et à des différences d’efficacité des interventions. En outre, le rapport entre les bénéfices et les coûts du dépistage d’une maladie donnée peut varier d’un pays à l’autre, en particulier entre les pays à revenus élevés et les pays à revenus faibles ou intermédiaires. Le fardeau d’une maladie peut être allégé, même en l’absence de dépistage néonatal, par une plus grande connaissance clinique et par des services cliniques efficients. Dans cet article, nous évaluons les arguments et les analyses économiques du dépistage de l’hypothyroïdie congénitale primaire, mis en place dans de nombreux pays depuis environ 40 ans, et celui de l’hyperplasie congénitale des surrénales due à une déficience en 21-hydroxylase. Le dépistage de cette dernière n’est pas encore universel, même dans les pays à revenus élevés, les décisions de sa mise en œuvre pouvant tenir compte de facteurs autres que des considérations économiques.
Forecast of the appearance of new strong sectors in the regional economy based on a probabilistic model
Authors: Afanasiev Mikhail , Kudrov Aleksander
Published: May 2021

The problem of forecasting the appearance of new strong sectors in the region shall be considered. Based on the methods of probabilistic and statistical modeling, a model has been built that makes it possible to assess the occurrence probability of a new strong sector in the region, taking into account the characteristics of the structure of the economy. The possibility of building such a model is based on the assumption that the appearance and development of sectors are largely due to the evolution of past economic activity. The model uses the indicators of nesting of structures of strong sectors of regional economies entered by the authors. These values are based on the probabilistic interpretation and properties of the matrix elements, which assesses the economic complexity, in accordance with the traditional approach. The condition for the appearance of a certain strong sector in the structure of the economy of a particular region with a probability exceeding 0.5 shall be obtained. This condition used to form a list of sectors recommended for priority development in the region. For each region in its structure, the occurrence probability of a specific sector as a strong one was estimated. On the basis of ordering the sectors by the value of these probabilities and assessing their potential contribution to socio-economic development, an expert assessment of the feasibility of developing a new strong sector in the region can be given. Research is focused on the development of theories of localized specialization and economic diversification.
Development of a methodology for detecting fraud with bank loans for legal entities
Authors: Tolstyakov Nikita , Mamedova Natalia
Published: May 2021

This work is devoted to the development of highly efficient tools for making decisions by banking structures to issue and maintain a loan. The developed methodology is intended to support banking services for lending to legal entities. The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of existing methods that can be used to identify scammers, the results of the analysis of data types for solving this problem and ranking them in terms of efficiency. A methodology for building algorithms for searching for scammers is proposed and the application of an algorithm for graph analysis of legal entity relationships for detecting fraud is demonstrated.
Internet marketing in the field of higher education
Authors: Beuzova Angelina , Tovma Natalya , Maslova Irina , Vasileva Marina , Mishchenko Inna , Tulebayeva Nazym
Published: May 2021

Competition in the education sector is growing every year. Students have the opportunity to embark in both domestic and foreign universities. In prior years, universities did not put a large budget in the promotion, as the demand exceeded the supply. Kazakhstan’s accession to the international market of educational services has increased the need to use effective promotion tools. Marketing is an important element in attracting students. With the development of technology, the role of the Internet increases, which becomes an integral part of marketing. Internet marketing in the field of higher education has great prospects. The key features of this direction are low cost and high efficiency. At the same time, the promotion takes place not only on the regional but also on the global market. Today, promotion and advertising using the Internet is replacing traditional marketing. The article analyzes various Internet marketing tools that apply to the field of higher education. The creation and development of corporate websites of the university is an important stage of promotion. The corporate site must have certain characteristics to attract a potential student. A person spends most of the day on social networks, which are also an Internet marketing tool. Maintaining the image of the university requires the creation of official pages in social networks. These platforms create conditions for cooperation with students, applicants and graduates. Competent use of internet marketing will allow developing the sphere of higher education.
Using digital technologies in inclusive education for preschool children
Authors: Ismailova Indira
Published: May 2021

The article reveals the features and conditions of digital technologies in the inclusive education of preschool children with different nosologies. The very concepts used by modern teachers of preschool educational organizations are disclosed. Data on the role of parents in the digital education space and the peculiarities of working with them on the use of these technologies in a distance form are presented. Joint actions of teachers and parents in the preschool educational organization and separate parents’ actions only on the organization of work on this or that digital platform and their application in the education of preschool children are shown. The tools and technologies used in preschool educational organizations by different professionals are reflected. The requirements for the organization of the child’s workplace during the use of digital technology in preschool educational organizations and at home are disclosed in detail.
The personality of Marshal Davout in the Russian Campaign of 1812 on the basis of his memoires and documents of personal nature: an analysis of the electronic resources on the topic
Authors: Rubini Francesco
Published: May 2021

Louis Nicolas Davout is still one of the most famous and admired marshals of the First French Empire. His qualities as a great commander and brilliant tactician have been the subject of many historiographical works amongst researchers from all over the world. The aim of this work is to examine the personality of Davout according to electronic documents of personal nature and the historiography about the Russian Campaign of 1812. Specific attention deserve several online documents of Russian works analyzed in the article, which have never been translated from Russian, and whose point of view revealed very interesting information, both concordant and discordant, to cross with that of many European analogues. Historical research requires further translation and analysis of the many and still unknown Russian sources on the topic.
The Glenoid Vault Outer Cortex a new more accurate radiological reference for shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Hurst Simon A. , Merlini Lorenzo , Hansen Ulrich , Gregory Jules , Emery Roger , Gregory Thomas
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Correct positioning of the glenoid component is an important determinant of outcome in shoulder arthroplasty. We describe and assess a new radiological plane of reference for improving the accuracy of glenoid preparation prior to component implantation – the Glenoid Vault Outer Cortex (GvOC) plane. Methods: One hundred and five CT scans of normal scapulae were obtained. Forty six females and 59 males aged between 22 and 30 years. The accuracy of the GvOC plane was then compared against the current “gold standard” – the scapular border (SB). Measurements of glenoid inclination, version, rotation, and offset were obtained using both the GvOC and SB planes. These were then compared to actual values. Results: The mean difference between version obtained using the GvOC plane and the actual value was 1.8° (−2 to 5, SD 1.6) as compared to 6.7° (−2 to 17, SD 4.3) when the SB plane was used, (p < 0.001). The mean difference between estimates of inclination obtained using the GvOC plane and the actual were 1.9° (−4 to 6, SD 1.6) as compared to 11.2° (−4 to 25, SD 6.1) when the SB plane was used, (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The GvOC plane produced estimates of glenoid version and inclination closer to actual values with lower variance than when the SB plane was used. The GvOC may be a more accurate and reproducible radiological method for surgeons to use when defining glenoid anatomy prior to arthroplasty surgery.
Banding with lesser trochanter fragment using nonabsorbable tape in trochanteric femoral fractures
Authors: Usami Takuya , Takada Naoya , Nishida Kazuki , Sakai Hiroaki , Iwata Hidetoshi , Sekiya Isato , Ueki Yoshino , Murakami Hideki , Kuroyanagi Gen
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Trochanteric femoral fracture is one of the most common fractures in the elderly. Trochanteric femoral fracture with involvement of the lesser trochanter is considered unstable and recognized as having a poor prognosis. However, fixation of lesser trochanter fragment is scarce because of technical difficulties. In this study, we reported the simple surgical procedure and the effect of using nonabsorbable tape in lesser trochanter fixation. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2017, 114 patients treated with proximal intramedullary nailing for trochanteric fractures with the lesser trochanter fragment were reviewed. Among patients enrolled in this study, 73 were followed up until radiographic bone union, of which 26 were treated with lesser trochanter fragment banding (group B) and 47 without banding (group N). Radiographs and/or computed tomography images were used to evaluate bone union of the lesser trochanter fragment at three months postoperatively. Results: The bone union of the lesser trochanter fragment was achieved in 24 cases (92%) in group B and 30 cases (64%) in group N. Compared with group N, group B showed a significantly increased number of mild and moderate deformities but decreased number of severe deformity and nonunion (P < 0.001). Postoperative complications were not observed in both groups. Conclusions: From the viewpoint of increasing lesser trochanteric bone union ratio, fixation of the lesser trochanter fragment using nonabsorbable tape in the treatment of trochanteric fractures could be an effective procedure.
Development of a modified cross-over hop test to reduce measurement errors in return-to-competition testing
Authors: Lambert Christophe , Lambert Maxime , Ellermann Andree , Wafaisade Arasch , Buse Christian , Peters Nicholas , Centner Christoph , Klinspon Erich
Published: May 2021

Context Hop tests play an important role in the rehabilitation process after injuries. A comparison of the jumping distances of both extremities allows for an evaluation of the injured limb. In the conventional cross-over hop test for distance, the jump width (medial vs. lateral) that the athlete has to cross during the jump is not standardised and therefore highly variable. This affects the absolute jump length in each jump series.

Hypothesis Modifying the test may reduce the jump length variance between test series of an athlete as well as the test-dependent variations in the cross-over hop for distance.

Methods N = 47 athletes from the German and French national Judo youth teams were included in the study (age: 15.3 years ± 13–17). A modified version of the cross-over hop for distance was developed with a cross-over width of 50 cm and a fixed landing zone of 10 cm. The jump lengths of the conventional test and the modified test were documented. The change in jump length variations of the two sexes were compared.

Results The mean value of the coefficient of variation decreased significantly from 4.09 % to 2.83 % (p < 0.01) due to the test modification. This resulted in an absolute improvement in accuracy of 1.26 % and a relative improvement of 30.8 %. A comparison of the limb symmetry index between the conventional and the modified cross-over hop for distance revealed no significant differences.

Conclusion The modified cross-over hop for distance showed a significantly lower variation in jump lengths compared with the conventional cross-over hop for distance. As a result, more accurate statements can be made regarding the patient’s return-to-competition progress.
Ganganalyse und Belastungssohlen – ein Update
Authors: Paraskevaidis Melissa , Gehlen Tobias , Popovic Srdan , Tsitsilonis Serafeim
Published: May 2021

Der menschliche Gang als Methode der Fortbewegung ist eines der individuellsten
Charakteristika eines jeden Menschen. Die ersten Durchführungen einer
Ganganalyse waren visuell und wurden durch den jeweiligen Arzt durchgeführt, um
frühzeitig klinische Entscheidungen bei Gangdysfunktionen treffen zu können. Mit
der Entwicklung neuer Technologien und der Verwendung von kinetischen
Belastungsplatten sowie der Kombination mit der elektromyografischen
Untersuchung kam es zu rapiden Fortschritten bei der Analyse des menschlichen
Ganges. Der Gangzyklus wird aufgeteilt in eine Stand- und eine Schwungphase, die
jeweils 60 – 65% bzw. 35 – 40% des Gangzyklus ausmachen. Diese 2 Phasen werden
in weitere Untereinheiten aufgegliedert. Es erfolgen Messungen bezüglich der
temporalen Aspekte wie z. B. Geschwindigkeit, Zeit-Distanz-Parameter sowie der
räumlichen Parameter, z. B. Schrittlänge des Ganges. Die Anwendung neuester
Methoden wie z. B. die 3-D-Analyse des Gangzyklus in Kombination mit der
Elektromyografie und der Anwendung von Kraftmessplatten spielen bei
orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischen Patienten eine bedeutende Rolle. Die
Limitierung dieser Messungen durch die Ortsgebundenheit und die mangelnde
Flexibilität der Platten wird durch die Verwendung von Laufbändern mit
integrierten Druck- und Kraftmessplatten überwunden. Neueste Entwicklungen
moderner Belastungssohlen erleichtern durch die alltägliche Praktikabilität die
Anwendung der Ganganalyse bei Alltagsaktivitäten. In Kombination mit der
WLAN-Technik erschließen sich durch die schnelle Datenübertragung neue
zukunftsweisende Anwendungsfelder. Die benutzerfreundliche Anwendung der
Belastungssohlen wird zukünftig im Hochleistungssport, in der
Prothesenanpassung, der Planung von Amputationen, bei der Evaluierung
neuropädiatrischer Erkrankungen und sogar der forensischen Medizin breite
Anwendung finden.
Evidence-Based Examination Techniques for the Knee
Authors: Meder Adrian , Stefanescu Maria-Christina , Ateschrang Atesch , Froehlich Susanne , Obertacke Udo , Schulz Arndt Peter , Meyerhoff Hauke S. , Oswald Eva J. , Ruesseler Miriam , Sterz Jasmina
Published: May 2021

Objective Digitalisation now almost covers all areas of medical student teaching. Teaching videos are a good way to help students learn practical skills. The existing evidence is a recognised aid for the classification of the respective technology.

Method This video presents the usual examination techniques of the knee joint on a patient with an unstable knee. The respective techniques, if available, were backed up with the appropriate evidence.

Conclusion The examination techniques presented allow students to view the examination techniques in a standardised manner on a patient. The evidence for the examination techniques can help with the classification of the respective technique.
Zurück in den Sattel – Physiotherapie nach Schambeinfraktur
Authors: Mair Stefan
Published: May 2021

Felix ist Rennradprofi und hat sich bei der Tour de France eine Fraktur des Os pubis zugezogen. Nach sechs Wochen Ruhephase und achtwöchiger Rehabilitation kann er noch nicht wieder Rennrad Fahren. Sportphysiotherapeut Stefan Mair hat den spannenden Fall aus seinem Buchkapitel für physiopraxis zusammengefasst.
„Für die meisten geht mit dieser Ausbildung ein Traum in Erfüllung, daher sind sie extrem motiviert“ – Als Physiotherapeut an einer Ballettschule unterrichten
Authors: Baumgärtner Martina
Published: May 2021

Danijel Durovics physiotheraeutische Laufbahn im Tanzgeschäft beginnt, als er einen bekannten Choreografen behandelt. Er öffnet ihm die Türe ins Ballett- und Musicalbusiness. Seit die Theater durch die Pandemie geschlossen sind, konzentriert sich der Therapeut auf seine Dozententätigkeit an einer Physio- und einer Ballettschule.
Supramolecular Chirogenesis Engineered by Pt(II)···Pt(II) Metal–Metal Interactions
Authors: Wei Chengpeng , Liu Mingyang , Han Yifei , Zhong Hua , Wang Feng
Published: May 2021

Supramolecular chirogenesis represents an effective way to induce chirality at the supramolecular level. For the previous host–guest chirogenic systems, metal–ligand coordination, hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking and hydrophobic interactions have been mainly employed as the non-covalent driving forces. In this study, Pt(II)···Pt(II) metal–metal interactions have been engineered to induce supramolecular chirogenesis, by forming non-covalent clipping structures between chiral platinum receptors and achiral platinum guests together. This results in the emergence of Cotton effects in the metal–metal-to-ligand charge transfer region, ascribed to chirality transfer from trans-1,2-diamide cyclohexane unit on chiral receptors to Pt(II)---Pt(II) non-covalent interacting sites. Supramolecular chirogenesis can be further transferred from organic to aqueous solutions, with higher resistance to concentration and temperature variations in the latter medium. Overall, the current study provides new avenues toward supramolecular chirality systems with tailored properties.
HIV and the Pituitary Gland: Clinical and Biochemical Presentations
Authors: Youssef Joyce , Sadera Rohan , Mital Dushyant , Ahmed Mohamed H.
Published: May 2021

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can have profound impact on the function of the pituitary gland. We have performed an electronic literature search using the following database: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. These databases were searched using the keywords HIV, pituitary glands, cancer, pituitary apoplexy, and infertility. HIV can cause hypopituitarism and also can lead to diabetes insipidus. The impact can be slow and insidious, and diagnosis depends on high index of clinical suspicion. The effect on anterior pituitary gland can be associated with growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, premature menopause, erectile dysfunction, and infertility. HIV can cause pituitary apoplexy, and this should be treated as an endocrine emergency. Importantly, HIV can be associated with pituitary lymphoma and pituitary cancer. Therefore, joined management between HIV physicians, clinical biochemists and endocrinologists may help in establishing pituitary dysfunction.
Rotational Thromboelastometry Derivative Fibrinogen–Platelet Ratio Predicts Thrombosis in Microsurgery
Authors: Patel Harsh , Srinivasa Dhivya R. , Volod Oksana , Wang Eric D. , Kim Esther A.
Published: May 2021

Background Early detection of thrombotic events is of paramount importance for microsurgical procedures. Here, we present findings that underscore the value of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to aid in decision-making for pre- and postoperative anticoagulation, as well for patients with suspected hypercoagulability.

Methods We prospectively collected pre- and postoperative ROTEM values on all free flap cases at the University of California, San Francisco, from 2015 to 2016. Patient age, body mass index, comorbidities, operative reports, risk factors, thrombotic complications, and outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare ROTEM values between cohorts. Modeling for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy was done for threshold fibrinogen-to-platelet ratio (FPR).

Results Of 52 patients who underwent free-tissue transfer, 15 had a thrombotic event either intraoperatively or postoperatively that required revision of the vascular anastomosis. Eight patients were clinically hypercoagulable preoperatively, seven of which had a thrombotic event. Several pre- and postoperative ROTEM values differed significantly between thrombotic and nonthrombotic cases. Preoperative (p = 0.027) and postoperative (p = 0.013) FPR were statistically significant when comparing the thrombotic to the nonthrombotic cohort. Threshold FPR ≥ 30 was the most sensitive and FPR ≥ 40 was the most specific.

Conclusion Our study affirms other studies that established ROTEM as an effective predictive tool for thrombotic events during free-tissue transfer. However, a lower threshold for FPR improves catchment of thrombotic events and flap failure with acceptable sensitivity. Our results support the routine use of ROTEM for detecting hypercoagulability in patients who would potentially benefit from intervention to prevent thrombotic complications.
Maxillomandibular Vascular Malformations: Report of Four Cases
Authors: Nagarajan Krishnan , Amuthabarathi Mohan , Krishnan Balasubramanian , Sabarish Sekar , Saravanan Rajendiran
Published: May 2021

Maxillomandibular or dental arcade arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon lesions with potential for life-threatening bleeding. We report three cases of vascular malformations and a case of pyogenic granuloma and propose a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT)-based workup of these lesions for definitive treatment. Four cases of orodental bleeding were diagnosed based on CT angiography (CTA) and treated using endovascular means. Three of them were subsequently operated and confirmed by histopathology. Two were low-flow AVMs, the third one a case of pyogenic granuloma, and one high-flow AVM. The first three lesions were embolized with polyvinyl alcohol particles and subsequently operated and the fourth high-flow one embolized using liquid embolic agent n-butyl cyanoacrylate (Glue). CTA can be used to show separate lesions of arterial vascularity and those of delayed/ venous enhancing lesions. Arterial phase-enhancing lesions are again subdivided in digital subtraction angiography into those of low-to-moderate vascularity and those with high flow, which are treated using particle embolization and liquid glue/onyx (± coil) embolization, respectively. The delayed venous phase enhancing lesions may mimic neoplasms and after tissue biopsy may be managed by sclerotherapy.
Study the best ratio of S and Se in CZTSSe solar cells with nontoxic buffer layer
Authors: Zhang Wen-Chao , Tang Ji-Yu , Niu Yu-Hang , Huang Rui , Chen Long , Jiang Meng-Yin
Published: May 2021

Cu2ZnSn(Sx, Se1−x)4 (CZTSSe) material has attracted more and more researchers' attention due to its low cost, environmental protection, high absorption coefficient, and adjustable bandgap. The classic structure of CZTSSe solar cell is Al: ZnO (AZO)/i-ZnO/CdS/CZTSSe, so it is very important to find a suitable buffer layer material to replace the toxic cadmium (Cd). Therefore, the performance of solar cells with different buffer layers is compared. The buffer layer is replaced by the indirect bandgap n-In2S3, which has high stability and light transmittance. And in this work, spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to measure the absorption coefficient spectrum of the absorber layer CZTSSe with different sulfur-to-selenium ratio, and wxAMPS numerical simulation software is used to simulate various material properties and draw conclusions. When X = 0.4, the performance of the CZTSSe TFSC reaches the optimal value.
The struggle between the power of language and the language of power
Authors: Roslyng Mette Marie , Larsen Gorm
Published: May 2021

In this study we look at how pro- and anti-vaccination groups construct alternative knowledge and facts
discursively and linguistically in order to challenge or support the established scientific knowledge on vaccines. Through this
case study we wish to examine how the power of language interacts with a language of power when memes in creative ways mimic,
produce and reproduce scientific language and practices. Drawing on a dialogical-semiotic and a discourse theoretical analytical
strategy, we, first, adopt Austin’s speech act theory and Bakhtin’s concept of speech genres to argue that memes are performative
with an especially illocutionary force and are made up of alien language from scientific discourses. Second, we argue that
Laclau’s discursive approach to how political positions are articulated in an antagonistic terrain allows us to see vaccination
memes as either subversive or supportive of a scientific social imaginary.
Oryctes rhinoceros (coconut rhinoceros beetle).
Authors: Bedford Geoff
Published: May 2021

O. rhinoceros is included in the Global Invasive Species Database (ISSG, 2009).
Drop jump neuromuscular performance qualities associated with maximal horizontal deceleration ability in team sport athletes
Authors: Harper Damian J. , Cohen Daniel D. , Rhodes David , Carling Christopher , Kiely John
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between, and within, drop jump (DJ) neuromuscular performance (NMP) qualities and maximal horizontal deceleration ability. We also compared DJ NMP qualities in “high” versus “low” horizontal deceleration ability athletes. Twenty‐nine university athletes performed: (1) DJs on force plates from 20 (DJ20) and 40 cm (DJ40) heights and (2) maximal horizontal deceleration, measured using radar, following a 20 m acceleration. Maximal horizontal deceleration was evaluated using deceleration (HDEC; m·s−2), across the entire deceleration phase and during early and late deceleration sub‐phases. Of the DJ variables assessed, DJ20 and DJ40 reactive strength index (RSI) and concentric mean force had the largest correlations with HDEC (r = −0.54 to −0.61) and the largest differences between high and low HDEC groups (d = 1.20 to 1.40). These correlations were stronger with the early than late HDEC sub‐phase (r = −0.54 to −0.66 vs. r = −0.24 to −0.40). Notably, eccentric mean force in DJ40 had large correlations with both DJ20 and DJ40 concentric mean force (r = 0.67 to 0.77), whereas at DJ20 these correlations were small (r = 0.22 to 0.40). Similarly, DJ40 eccentric mean force had a much larger difference between the high and low HDEC groups than DJ20 (d = 1.11 vs. 0.51). These findings suggest DJ RSI from either height may be used as a proxy for HDEC ability, while DJ kinetic analyses should use a higher height to distinguish those with a better capacity to generate eccentric braking forces under increased eccentric loading demands.

HIGHLIGHTS

Players with greater drop jump reactive strength index (RSI) demonstrated superior horizontal deceleration ability.

Drop jump RSI had a greater association with the early compared to the late horizontal deceleration sub‐phase.

Of the drop jump kinetic variables examined, concentric mean force had the largest associations with horizontal deceleration ability.
Carbon accounting system: the bridge between carbon governance and carbon performance in Malaysian Companies
Authors: Ong Tze San , Kasbun Nur Fatin Binti , Teh Boon Heng , Muhammad Haslinah , Javeed Sohail Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Introduction:Research has shown the negative impacts of climate change on the economy and how the state of the environment has been a complex global challenge. Prior studies have suggested immediate actions to avoid any unforeseen circumstances for all living things on Earth. Previous research has also supported all kinds of sustainability efforts as resolutions to address the deterioration of climate change caused by business activities. Originality: There is a need for companies to start acting and assigning employees to mitigate carbon emitted by corporations. This study is motivated by the lack of empirical evidence that examines how corporate carbon governance influences better carbon performance of organizations and authorizes organizations to implement and embed carbon accounting. Objective: This study used evidence from Malaysia to explore this subject matter and examined the association between carbon governance and carbon performance of corporations. The research also investigated the mediation effect of carbon accounting with respect to carbon governance and carbon performance. Findings: It is revealed that carbon governance had no significant influence on an organization’s carbon performance although carbon accounting implementation positively influenced carbon performance. The findings imply that despite its insignificance, carbon accounting remains a vital matter to be deployed by organizations for better carbon emission mitigation.
Structural Decision Theory
Authors: Wu Tung-Ying
Published: May 2021

Judging an act’s causal efficacy plays a crucial role in causal decision theory. A recent development appeals to the causal modeling framework with an emphasis on the analysis of intervention based on the causal Bayes net for clarifying what causally depends on our acts. However, few writers have focused on exploring the usefulness of extending structural causal models to decision problems that are not ideal for intervention analysis. The thesis concludes that structural models provide a more general framework for rational decision makers.
‘Forced to think’—an analysis of how students benefit from online warm-up exercises with feedback
Authors: Kulmala Kimmo , Kokkonen Tommi , Kontro Inkeri
Published: May 2021

Active learning yields better learning outcomes than traditional, lecture-based teaching. Common approaches in large lecture courses are activating elements during the lectures and warm-up activities using online learning environments. However, implementing warm-up exercises, on which students work on by themselves makes formative feedback increasingly important. We have studied students’ views on warm-up online exercises, focusing on the role of automated feedback. We compared two types of feedback: feedback which guided the student towards the correct answer and feedback that guided the student towards the correct reading materials. We have also examined the correlation between students’ views on the exercises and learning outcomes, as measured by exercise and exam points. The exercises were administered with a Moodle-based system focusing on teaching and assessment using a computer-based algebra kernel. The study was conducted during the first introductory mechanics course in physics at the University of Helsinki. We concluded that the preferred type of feedback was dependent on the student, i.e. different students prefer different kinds of feedback. Importantly, the students who completed the exercises alone reported benefiting more from them, which shows that the warm-up exercises successfully extended support for students outside of classroom hours.
Dual modality neutron and x-ray tomography for enhanced image analysis of the bone-metal interface
Authors: Törnquist Elin , Le Cann Sophie , Tudisco Erika , Tengattini Alessandro , Andò Edward , Lenoir Nicolas , Hektor Johan , Raina Deepak Bushan , Tägil Magnus , Hall Stephen A , Isaksson Hanna
Published: May 2021

The bone tissue formed at the contact interface with metallic implants, particularly its 3D microstructure, plays a pivotal role for the structural integrity of implant fixation. X-ray tomography is the classical imaging technique used for accessing microstructural information from bone tissue. However, neutron tomography has shown promise for visualising the immediate bone-metal implant interface, something which is highly challenging with x-rays due to large differences in attenuation between metal and biological tissue causing image artefacts. To highlight and explore the complementary nature of neutron and x-ray tomography, proximal rat tibiae with titanium-based implants were imaged with both modalities. The two techniques were compared in terms of visualisation of different material phases and by comparing the properties of the individual images, such as the contrast-to-noise ratio. After superimposing the images using a dedicated image registration algorithm, the complementarity was further investigated via analysis of the dual modality histogram, joining the neutron and x-ray data. From these joint histograms, peaks with well-defined grey value intervals corresponding to the different material phases observed in the specimens were identified and compared. The results highlight differences in how neutrons and x-rays interact with biological tissues and metallic implants, as well as the benefits of combining both modalities. Future refinement of the joint histogram analysis could improve the segmentation of structures and tissues, and yield novel information about specimen-specific properties such as moisture content.
Ion dynamics in capacitively coupled argon–xenon discharges
Authors: Klich M , Wilczek S , Janssen J F J , Brinkmann R P , Mussenbrock T , Trieschmann J
Published: May 2021

An argon–xenon (Ar/Xe) plasma is used as a model system for complex plasmas. Based on this system, symmetric low-pressure capacitively coupled radiofrequency discharges are examined utilizing particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collisions simulations. In addition to the simulation, an analytical energy balance model fed with the simulation data is applied to analyze the findings further. This work focuses on investigating the ion dynamics in a plasma with two ion species and a gas mixture as background. By varying the gas composition and driving voltage of the single-frequency discharge, fundamental mechanics of the discharge, such as the evolution of the plasma density and the energy dispersion, are discussed. Thereby, close attention is paid to these measures’ influence on the ion energy distribution functions at the electrode surfaces. The results show that both the gas composition and the driving voltage can significantly impact the ion dynamics. The mixing ratio of argon to xenon allows for shifting the distribution function for one ion species from collisionless to collision dominated. The mixing ratio serves as a control parameter for the ion flux and the impingement energy of ions at the surfaces. Additionally, a synergy effect between the ionization of argon and the ionization of xenon is found and discussed.
Recent progress of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy study of Majorana bound states in the FeTe0.55Se0.45 superconductor
Authors: Li Geng , Zhu Shiyu , Wang Dongfei , Wang Yeliang , Gao Hong-Jun
Published: May 2021

Majorana bound states (MBSs) are spatially-localized zero-energy quasiparticles following non-Abelian braiding statistics that hold a great promise for fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Different platforms have been designed to realize the MBSs in condensed matter, including semiconducting nanowire in proximity to conventional superconductors, superconductor-topological insulator layered heterostructures, 1D atomic chains on superconducting surface. Recently, iron-based superconductors have emerged as a new platform for studying Majorana zero mode. A sharp zero-bias peak inside a vortex core that does not split when moving away from the center is observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in FeTe0.55Se0.45. This zero-energy mode is assigned to the MBS. In this topic review, we present an overview of the recent experimental works of STM studies on the MBS. We start with the STM identification of MBSs in the vortices in FeTe0.55Se0.45 and discuss the advantages FeTe0.55Se0.45 compared with other platforms. We then review the topological origin of the MBS and discuss the reason why the MBS is not seen in every single vortex. We also review the recently observed nearly quantized conductance plateau feature of the MBS owing to its particle–antiparticle equivalence. Finally, we give perspective on future experimental works in this field, where the next important steps towards braiding of MBS can be expected.
Measuring the primordial gravitational wave background in the presence of other stochastic signals
Authors: Poletti D.
Published: May 2021

Standard methodologies for the extraction of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from auto- or cross-correlation of interferometric signals often involve the use of a filter function.
The standard optimal filter maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the total SGWB and the noise.
We derive expressions for the optimal filter and SNR in the presence of a target SGWB plus other unwanted components. We also generalize the methodology to the case of template-free reconstruction.
The formalism allows to easily perform analyses and forecasts that marginalize over foreground signals, such as the typical ΩGW∝ f2/3 background arising from binary coalescence.
We demonstrate the methodology with the LISA mission and discuss possible extensions and domains of application.
Impurity behaviour in JET-ILW plasmas fuelled with gas and/or with pellets: a comparative study with the transport code COREDIV
Authors: Telesca G. , Ivanova-Stanik I. , Perez von Thun Ch. , Aleiferis S. , Brezinsek S. , Chomiczewska A. , Huber A. , Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E. , Pawelec E. , Sertoli M. , Zagórski R. , Contributors JET
Published: May 2021

This study deals with the comparison of impurity behaviour in pellet and gas fuelled JET-ITER like wall pulses with the aim of finding the mechanisms leading to the generally observed higher concentration of tungsten in pellet fuelled plasmas. In fact, tungsten is the main high-Z impurity in the JET-ILW plasmas and is responsible for most of the radiative losses in the plasma core. Analysis of the experimental data pertaining to pulses at different plasma currents, different input power and different electron densities is integrated by numerical modelling with the self-consistent fluid transport code COREDIV. Experimentally, and numerically, the ratio between the radiated power in the divertor and the total one—which results to be an increasing function of the ratio of the electron density at the strike point to the volume average one—is found to be a critical parameter determining impurity accumulation. The higher this value the lower the impurity density in the plasma core. Together with a little higher core impurity residence time, the numerical modelling indicates that the modest divertor screening for the pellet fuelled pulses at low electron flow—characterized by low electron density at the strike point and low perpendicular transport in the SOL—leads to divertor impurity leakage and higher impurity fluxes through the separatrix, in agreement with theory.
Features of the implementation of artificial intelligence and digital technologies in industrial production: promising directions and modern trends in automation
Authors: Malikov V N , Kunigina L V , Munister V D , Zolkin A L , Varshavskij V R
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the problems of optimizing the work of modern industrial production, promising areas of automation, the industrial Internet of things. The author’s principle of optimizing the operation of automated systems through a number of promising technologies is described: a model of an improved abstract executor and distributed computing, modern machine learning tools. The application of information security methods in ensuring the search for the optimal connection between objects and subjects of an automated control system is given. The economic and technological significance and role of the potential described and considered implementations are formalized.
Autogenerating method of the polycarbonate glasses piezoelectric voltage measurement
Authors: Bobina E A , Kuklin V A , Danilaev M P
Published: May 2021

The autogenerating method of polycarbonate piezoelectric voltage measurement is considered in the article, and the schematic diagram models of autogenerators are given. By use of simulation was determined that the most appropriate frequency range of autogenerators according to the Klapp scheme is 4÷9 MHz with subsequent separation of their beat signal. The carried out experimental studies have confirmed the adequacy of the modeling and have shown that frequency stability of ∼ 10−2 is sufficient to control the ultimate strength of monolithic polycarbonate glasses.
Animated mixed reality models for teaching solid state physics
Authors: Zakharov P V , Kataeva A S , Safronova S A , Markidonov A V , Eremin A M
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the preparation of animated content for mixed reality systems in solid state physics. The main obstacle to the mass adoption of these technologies is the complexity of model development. Here we have proposed one of the possible ways to simplify the creation of three-dimensional models for a course in solid state physics. In turn, the volumetric model can be supplemented with animated effects, which will provide greater interactivity and information content of the processes and phenomena under consideration. The proposed scheme is used to create models for the preparation of future physics teachers both in the process of teaching physics and directly for developing models. A survey was conducted among students about the complexity of developing such models. The results obtained testify in favor of the use of such methods both in teaching physics itself and in forming a base of models.
Analytical model of the inductor system of the device to prevent ice formation on power lines
Authors: Livshits A V , Ratushnyak Valentina S , Ratushnyak Viktor S , Novikov P V
Published: May 2021

The article describes the analytical model of the magnetic-pulsed electromechanical energy converter in relation to the device for preventing ice formation on power lines. The inductor system of the device is a flat inductor and a firing pin made of electrically conductive material. The mobility of both the firing pin, and also the inductor is due to the attachment of the device to the pair of power line wires. This feature, in contrast to the fixed position of the inductor traditionally used, required the development of the universal design scheme for the electrodynamic interaction of the inductor and the firing pin. The proposed analytical model takes into account the forces of resistance to the motion of the inductor system caused by the presence of the elastic return mechanisms in the device and attachment to the power line wire, which is a body with a distributed mass. The developed analytical model was tested. The calculation of the device parameters for the transmission line span with the specified mass-dimensional characteristics was performed.