bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN EFEKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN ANTARA MEDIA VIDEO DAN MEDIA LEAFLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI MAN 1 PANDEGLANG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Ramdaniati Siti Nur , Wandi Somantri Ucu
Published: February 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang awal kemunculannya di China pada akhir tahun 2019 sampai saat ini jumlah kasusnya masih terus bertambah di seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Sejak terdeteksi kasus pertama pada bulan Maret 2020 sampai saat ini penambahan kasus masih terjadi hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Tercatat sudah belasan ribu jiwa yang meninggal dunia akibat Covid-19 di Indonesia. Selain itu juga pandemi Covid-19 telah memporak- porandakan perekonomian dunia khususnya Indonesia. Hal ini harus segera ditangani dengan segera dan tepat agar penularan Covid-19 di masyarakat dapat segera terkendali. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Efektivitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Antara Media Video Dan Media Leaflet Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Pencegahan Covid-19 di MAN 1 Pandeglang Tahun 2020. Penelitian   ini   menggunakan   rancangan   quasi   eksperimental   dengan  rancangan penelitian  yang digunakan adalah Pre test and Post tes two group. Sebanyak 240 subjek yang diambil dari MAN 1 Pandeglang, 117 siswa sebagai kelompok penyuluhan menggunakan media video dan 117 siswa sebagai kelompok penyuluhan menggunakan media leaflet. Masing-masing kelompok diberi kuesioner pretest. Selanjutnya, diberi eksperimen/intervensi penyuluhan, kemudian diberikan kuesioner posttest. Analisis data masing-masing kelompok dengan uji t-berpasangan dan uji wilcoxon. Sedangkan analisis data antar kelompok dengan uji t-tidak berpasangan. . Berdasarkan analisis bivariat hasil  uji statistik pada kelompok video didapatkan p-value 0,008 untuk pengetahuan dan p-value 0,315 untuk sikap.  Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan dengan video dalam peningkatan pengetahuan responden. Pada kelompok leaflet didapatkan p-value 0,000 untuk pengetahuan dan didapatkan nilai 0,048 untuk sikap. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan dengan media leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang Covid-19. Kesimpulan penelitian ini  adalah ada perbedaan efektifitas pendidikan kesehatan dengan media video dan leaflet dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa MAN 1 Pandeglang.
Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story? Hamilton As A Case Study For Musical Mnemonics
Authors: Guillen Sabrina
Published: February 2022

The study of musical mnemonics arose as an attempt to understand why and how music
triggers the human brain in such profound ways. Decades of scholarly research have uncovered
the complex interplay between music and human brain processes in ways that are able to elicit
unique responses, particularly in individuals suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, learning
disabilities, or other sensory anomalies. Previous research has demonstrated that music has
inherent structures capable of improving retention, recall, language decoding, general cognitive processes, and in some ways, intelligence. These heightened brain processes have been found to
be particularly well suited in enhancing learning capabilities in academic settings. However,
there is a significant gap in the literature about how musical mnemonics are employed and
engaged within live entertainment, such as musicals, to create dynamic cognitive experiences, as
well its applications and efficacy within learning environments (i.e., modulated history
instruction supplemented with arts-based field trips)
Modern aspects of development of basic therapy and prevention means of organophosphorus compounds acute poisoning (review of literature)
Authors: Zinovieva M.L. , Kurdil N.V. , Prodanchuk M.G. , Kravchuk O.P. , Zhminko P.G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Despite large experience in the use of basic therapies for acute poisoning by organophosphorus compounds (OPs)of anticholinesterase action and the results of research conducted in the world, the current methods of treatment of such poisonings are insufficient and do not meet requirements for effective treatment and health.

Purpose. Based on the analysis of scientific publications to outline the main directions of modern developments of drugs for basic therapy and prevention of acute OPs poisoning at the stages of their experimental assessment.

Methods. A systematic content analysis of literature data using the PubMed database was performed.

Results. Modern principles of pharmacotherapy of acute anticholinesterase OPs poisoning are based on the use of anticholinergic drugs (mainly atropine), cholinesterase reactivators and anticonvulsant action. M-cholinolytic therapy remains a mandatory basic component of the treatment of acute OPs poisoning. Today, research is aimed at finding less toxic M-cholinolytics with a wider range of therapeutic effects. A cholinesterase reactivator has not yet been developed that has such a spectrum of action that is able to prevent the central effects of OPs poisoning. The effectiveness of the combined action of AChE reactivators has also been insufficiently studied. One approach to solving the problem of protecting the central nervous system in OPs poisoning may be to find a combination of peripheral cholinesterase reactivators with neuroprotectors capable of overcoming the blood-brain barrier. The development of anticonvulsant therapeutic agents requires further study of the mechanism of status epilepticus in acute OPs poisoning.

Conclusions. There is an intensive search for OPs poisoning treatments around the world. But in time the relevance and importance of finding and implementing a unified methodology for studying the therapeutic efficacy of a wide range of pharmacological agents at the stage of their preclinical evaluation. Efforts to find means of pharmacologically correcting OPs poisoning should be accompanied by the development of a more prudent regulatory policy in the field of pesticide use. It is also necessary to create a clear and consistent policy on information measures that would focus on the dangers of OPs, as well as contribute to the prevention of mental disorders that provoke suicidal consequences.

Key Words: organophosphorus compounds, acute poisoning, means of basic therapy, means of prevention.
Attitudes of adolescents and their mothers to the problem of early alcohol consumption
Authors: Horban N.Ye. , Lutsenko O.H. , Kurdil N.V. , Lapikura O.V. , Safir T.Yu.
Published: February 2022

In recent decades, in many countries of Europe and the world, there has been a tendency for an earlier onset of alcohol consumption among adolescents, unfortunately, in this aspect, Ukraine is no exception.

Aim. To study various aspects of alcohol use by adolescents and the level of awareness of their mothers to determine measures to prevent adolescent alcoholism in Ukraine.

Materials and Methods. As part of the longitudinal study "Family and Children of Ukraine", the personal data of 989 adolescents aged 15-18 years (499 boys and 490 girls) and 1075 mothers were analyzed. Bibliosemantic, sociological and medical-statistical research methods are used.

Results and Discussion. During 2014-2019, the share of children and adolescents hospitalized with acute poisoning in the intensive care unit of the National Children's Specialized Hospital "OKHMATDIT" of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine increased from 20.6 to 36.7 %. Research has shown that the vast majority of Ukrainian adolescents (75 %) consume alcohol during their lifetime; 31.0 % of adolescents have done so more than 10 times, and their first attempt to drink alcohol occurs at the age of 9 years and younger among both boys and girls.

The survey found that 50.6% of adolescents confirmed that they had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days, of which 7.5% of adolescents admitted that they did so more than once a week.

The survey allowed to determine the peculiarities of the use of various alcoholic beverages by adolescents in Ukraine: teenagers first "get acquainted" with beer, wine or champagne at the age of 14-15; alcoholic cocktail teenage girls consume for the first time 2 times more often at the age of 15; strong alcoholic beverages are most often consumed for the first time by adolescents aged 15–16 years.

It was found that only half of the surveyed mothers (48.4 %) were aware of the fact of alcohol consumption by their adolescent children, while 40.7 % of mothers categorically forbid their children to drink alcohol, 46.5 % of mothers consider it undesirable, 8.7 % mothers do not prohibit alcohol in small quantities.

Conclusions. The results of the study prove that the problem of alcohol consumption by children and adolescents in Ukraine remains relevant and requires immediate development of preventive measures for implementation in both school and family environments. Given the insufficient level of awareness of mothers about the fact of alcohol consumption by their children and the insufficient level of understanding of mothers of the dangers of this phenomenon, the need for further research on the prevention of alcohol dependence in adolescence is justified.

Key Words: adolescents, alcoholic beverages, mothers of adolescents.
Adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine: medical, social and psychological aspects
Authors: Podolian V.M.
Published: February 2022

The urgency of the problem is determined by the danger of drug addiction among Ukrainian adolescents, the lack of attention paid by parents to the study of this problem, and the lack of proper attention to this issue in most Ukrainian schools. Research in this area is driven by the need to identify the main social and psychological aspects that motivate adolescents to use drugs, in order to create conditions in society that prevent the spread of drugs among the youngest populations.

Aim of the work is to determine the dominant psychological and social factors that motivate adolescents to start using drugs.

Material and Methods. Analytical and logical research methods, systematic and comparative analysis were used to comprehensively consider and describe the factors that motivate adolescents to use drugs, despite the danger to their health and life.

Results and Discussions. A high degree of risk of adolescent drug addiction has been established, which is accompanied by a significant decrease in the average age of adolescents taking drugs for the first time. The issues of social and psychological aspects of adolescent drug addiction, problems of relations in society and families, where adolescents start using drugs are considered. The types of family relations and the nature of intra-family relations, in which adolescent drug use begins, were studied. The main social and psychological factors that push modern youth to take drugs have been identified.

Conclusions. Adolescent drug addiction in Ukraine remains a serious problem that requires proper attention and assessment by modern society. Effective measures to combat the dangerous phenomenon are: introduction of a system of preventive talks to explain the nature of drug addiction and the dangerous consequences of drug use for life and health; joining student youth to sports and a healthy lifestyle by reviving the system of intra-school, district, regional competitions in various sports; transformation of adolescents' consciousness towards their own development as opposed to the prospect of their drug degradation.

Key Words: family relations, teenager, social environment, drugs, psychology of relations, family.
Analysis of international approaches to regulation of pesticides in processed agricultural products (literature review)
Authors: Ivanova L.P. , Adamchuk T.V. , Hrynko A.P. , Kravchuk O.P. , Petrashenko H.I.
Published: February 2022

Object . Analysis of pesticide regulations documents and scientific works regarding processed agricultural products.

Results. The principles to establish maximum residue levels (MRLs) for active ingredients of pesticides in raw agricultural commodities (RACs) and processed products are currently available in the European Union and Ukraine and are provided by the WHO Commission “Codex Alimentarius” and the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) were reviewed.

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) project with the overall objective is to develop a database of validated processing factors based on the residue definitions for enforcement, which is compatible with the EFSA food classification and description system was outlined.

The European Association of Plant Producers of the EU Vegetable Oil and Proteinmeal Industry (FEDIOL) position on pesticide MRLs in vegetable oils and fats were described. This concept has identified two main elements allowing to give an indication of the fat solubility of an substances. In particular, variants of interpretation of the octanol/water partition coefficient (log Pow) were analyzed. It can be used to predict whether the substance is fat - or water-soluble and to provides an estimate of the tendency of a active ingredients of pesticides to bioaccumulate in fat. In the case of vegetable oils, MRLs can be approximated based on the physico/chemical properties of the pesticides and on the oil content of the raw agricultural commodities (theoretical processing factors from oilseeds seed to oil).

Conclusions. The review determines the necessity of improve Ukrainian pesticides regulation procedure and the development of a risk-oriented approach to the selection of priority indicators for the set of MRLs of pesticides in agricultural processed products.

Key Words: pesticides, residues, processed products, oilseeds.
KORELASI POLA ASUH PERMISIF DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PEMBELAJARAN DARING SELAMA MASA PANDEMI PADA SISWA KELAS 8 MTSN 1 BENGKULU
Authors: Habibi Muhammad Nur , Herawati Anna Ayu , Dharmayana I Wayan
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendeksripsikan hubungan antara pola asuh permisif dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa MTs Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu dalam pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebagai subjek penelitian adalah 144 orang yang diperoleh dengan teknik random sampling. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik korelasi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket pola asuh permisif dan angket prokrastinasi akademik. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara pola asuh permisif dengan prokrastinasi akademik dengan nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0.458 dan p = 0.000 (p<0.05), artinya semakin tinggi pola asuh permisif maka semakin tinggi prokrastinasi akademik, sebaliknya semakin rendah pola asuh permisif maka semakin rendah prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa. Hasil dan implikasi penelitian ini bagi pengembangan program layanan bimbingan dan konseling didiskusikan lebih lanjut dalam bagian pembahasan.
Realiasai Pendidikan Nonformal Dalam Penyelenggarakan Kuliner Bimbang Adat Suku Serawai
Authors: Wilisci Monica , Jasma Suardi
Published: February 2022

Pelestarian budaya adalah salah satu cara mempertahankan nilai-nilai budaya. Suku serawai mempunyai beragam budaya, salah satunya bimbang Adat, yang berupa upacara pernikahan adat dimana terdapat kuliner lemang dan tapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara sistimatis hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan realisasi pendidikan nonformal dalam penyelenggaraan kuliner bimbang adat suku Serawai di Kecamatan Kota Manna kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriftif yang menunjukkan hasil, (1) Realisasi pendidikan nonformal dalam penyelenggaraan kuliner Bimbang Adat Suku Serawai didapat secara turun temurun dari generasi sebelumnya, tidak melalui pendidikan formal ataupun pendidikan nonformal secara langsung. (2) Bila kuliner ini akan dibisniskan maka kursus pendidikan diadakan untuk dapat menghitung laba rugi dari bisnis tersebut, lain halnya dengan kegiayan sosial Bimbang Adat yang tidak ada perhitungan laba rugi. (3) Terdapat pelatihan Tari Adat yang bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan mutu tari tersebut sebelum dipergu nakan dalam rangkaian pesta Bimbang Adat tersebut.
Perencanaan Desa Wisata Rindu Hati Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Urmila Monica , Abdullah Ilham , Gusti Ririn
Published: February 2022

Keberhasilan desa wisata tidak terlepas dari adanya suatu perencanaan yang baik dan sistematis. Perencanan yang baik dimulai dengan adanya tujuan  dan target yang mesti dicapai kedepannya, merumuskan strategi berdasarkan tujuan, menentukan sumber daya manusia  yang tepat, dan menentukan indikator keberhasilan seperti apa yang akan dicapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara detail yang  berkaitan dengan Perencanaan Desa Wisata Rindu Hati Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dari perencanaan yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perencaan desa wisata rindu hati memiliki tujuan agar bisa menjadi desa wisata maju, go internasional, mampu membantu perekonomian masyarakat, dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Strategi yang dilakukan yakni selalu melakukan perbaikan dan pembenahan, menjalin kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga dan promosi wisata melalui instagram dan facebook. Penentuan sumber daya manusia hanya berasal dari desa Rindu Hati saja dan tidak ada paksaan bagi yang ingin bergabung. Indikator keberhasilan dari perencanan ini apabila masyarakat desa wisata Rindu Hati ini masyarakatnya bertambah pendapatannya serta merasakan manfaat dari adanya desa wisata ini.
Pembelajaran Nonformal Santri di Era Pendemic Covid -19
Authors: Saputra Wandi , Zulkarnain Rufran
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara sistematis berkaitan dengan pembelajaran non formal santri di era pandemi covid-19, melalui program-program kegiatan pendidikan non formal yang ada di pondok pesantren Al Hasanah Bengkulu tengah selama pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah Focus grup discusion dengan mendapatkan hasil bahwa pembelajaran non formal santri pondok pesantren di era pandemi covid-19 tetap dapat dilaksanakan pembelajaran dan pelatihan secara tatap muka, yakni dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan yang ketat, pembelajaran Non formal yang dilaksanakan adalah pelatihan ceramah Agama atau Muhadoroh dengan menggunakan 3 bahasa yakni Arab, Inggris dan Indonesia, selain itu di pesantren Al Hasanah ini wajib menggunakan bahasa Arab dalam setiap berkomunikasinya. Program penghafalan Qur’an pada TPQ yang ada menggunakan metode yang berbeda dari pondok pesantren yang lain yakni dengan menggunakan Metode Qiro’ati yaitu metode pembelajarn Qur’an dengan berlevel level tingkatan mulai dari Jilid 1, Jilid 2. Jilid 3, Jilid 4, dan Gharid. Dimana metode ini bukan berdasarkan lamanya waktu untuk dapat naik level, tetapi berdasarkan kemampuan dari santri itu sendiri dalam menangkap pembelajaran untuk dapat naik level dan dengan diajarkan oleh guru yang sudah mahir di bidangnya yakni yang sudah memenuhi sertifikat Sahada yang dapat mengajarkan Al Qur’an
Análise de uma abordagem da pediatria no contexto da pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Paz Gisela Mendes , Puty Mariana Coutinho , Fonseca Fernandina Maria Neiva Santos
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A pediatria é a área da medicina que cuida de um período especifico da vida, visto que a assistência que essa área fornece ao ser humano é desde a fecundação até a sua puberdade. Objetivos: Este estudo tem como objetivo fazer uma abordagem da pediatria no contexto da pandemia por COVID-19. Metodologia: Foram pesquisados 53 pediatras da Sociedade de Pediatria do Piauí (SOPEPI), mediante preenchimento de formulário online que foi disponibilizado na plataforma Google Forms. Resultados: Com este estudo, foi possível identificar as modalidades exercidas pelos pediatras e perceber que o atendimento presencial ainda foi o mais prevalente. Na percepção dos pediatras existiu aumento do nível de stress deles, das crianças e dos responsáveis por elas, sendo este último o mais afetado. Conclusão: A literatura analisada explica que tal aumento é provocado pelas mudanças da pandemia, incluindo o confinamento, as aulas virtuais, o home office dos pais e as notícias catastróficas, além da questão financeira.
Pedagogia da Alternância como proposta emancipadora na educação do campo
Authors: Ribeiro Diana da Silva , Nogueira Eulina Maria Leite , Prata Bruna dos Santos , Gomes Aline Lucas de Souza
Published: February 2022

O texto ora apresentado traz as contribuições epistemológicas de uma pesquisa em andamento, no Mestrado em Ensino de Ciências e Humanidades, da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. O objetivo é fazer uma contextualização histórica do objeto de estudo, refletindo sobre o ato de educar para a libertação do homem e da mulher do campo. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa e bibliográfica, com vistas a analisar a proposta da pedagogia da alternância na Escola Família Agrícola. Os resultados parciais mostram que o modelo de ensino da pedagogia da alternância surgiu na França, em 1935, constitui-se como uma experiência de educação que busca romper com o modelo de produção capitalista, para o fortalecimento de alternativas baseadas na ecologia, emancipação das identidades camponesas e seus territórios agrícolas. A proposta da pedagogia da alternância como instrumento de ensino e aprendizagem está inserida na educação do campo, a partir dos anseios e lutas de sujeitos que protagonizaram diversas experiências de educação voltada para a realidade da vida das populações que vivem em contexto rurais.
A utilização das linguagens artísticas no processo formativo de estudantes de medicina: uma experiência acadêmica
Authors: Oliveira Raily de Jesus , Fraga Ricardo Evangelista
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo listar as experiências em torno da utilização das linguagens artísticas como ferramenta de aprendizagem das turmas de Medicina em uma Universidade no interior da Bahia, apresentando as contribuições de métodos artísticos no aprendizado dos estudantes de medicina para uma formação que valorize a humanização dos futuros profissionais de saúde. Este caracteriza-se como pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a partir das referências acerca do tema, planos de aula e documentações responsáveis pelo regimento do curso, além disso, foram correlacionados com a teoria dos tipos de conteúdo de aprendizagem estabelecidos por Zabala (1999). Como resultados, obteve-se uma tabela contendo o semestre, componente curricular, conteúdo, tipo de conteúdo de aprendizagem e linguagem artística utilizada. A partir da análise documental e referencial foi possível observar que os métodos artísticos contribuíram de forma relevante para o ensino dos conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais. Sendo assim, conclui-se que existe um potencial significativo da utilização de linguagens artísticas do processo de formação médica.
English Fiction in France: A Cross-Channel Dialogue at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Schabert Ina
Published: February 2022

After a period of postmodern innovation, readers as well as some writers in France have developed a taste for English fiction, preferably for texts that invite immersive reading. In contrast to earlier cross-Channel studies with their emphasis on French influence on English literature, an enquiry into current Anglo-French literary relations might show the reverse being true. For a start, this article discusses creative responses to English works in three French novels: Sylvia Tabet represents the Franco-British literary dialogue as an encounter with a variety of Victorian and post-Victorian voices; Julie Wolkenstein stages it as a negotiation between a novel by Henry James and her own fiction; and Jacqueline Harpman replies to Virginia Woolf’s Orlando with an updated version of the myth of the androgyne. Like the English pre-texts, the French offshoots encourage identificatory reading, yet by their mise en abyme techniques they also provoke critical reflection.
‘Working Girl’: Sex Work and Intersubjectivity in Georges Bataille's Madame Edwarda
Authors: Hornsby Joey
Published: February 2022

This article examines the role of sex work in Georges Bataille’s account of intersubjectivity through transgression and the erotic. It conducts a close reading of Madame Edwarda, a short text in which a sex worker takes centre stage. This text is cited as exemplary of Bataille’s rejection of the limits of reason, limits imposed by a socio-economic model wherein everything must be exchanged, invested, and subordinated to logics of profit and accumulation. The aim of this article is to show that the model of transgression that Bataille sets out in Madame Edwarda in fact depends on another person’s labour. However, it is able to disavow this dependency because it assumes the labour in question – sex work – to be a free act of generosity: Edwarda’s sex work disappears as work, because she is identified with sex absolutely. The article argues that Bataille’s intersubjectivity is thus founded on work, and so on subjection.
Picomolar Sensitivity Analysis of Multiple Bradykinin-Related Peptides in the Blood Plasma of Patients With Hereditary Angioedema in Remission: A Pilot Study
Authors: Marceau François , Rivard Georges-Etienne , Hébert Jacques , Gauthier Julie , Bachelard Hélène , Gangnus Tanja , Burckhardt Bjoern B.
Published: February 2022

Background

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease; the most well understood forms concern the haplodeficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH) and a gain of function mutation of factor XII (FXII). The acute forms of these conditions are mediated by an excessive bradykinin (BK) formation by plasma kallikrein.

Methods

A validated LC-MS/MS platform of picomolar sensitivity developed for the analysis of eleven bradykinin-related peptides was applied to the plasma of HAE-C1INH and HAE-FXII sampled during remission.

Results

In HAE-C1INH plasma, the concentrations of the relatively stable BK1−5 fragment (mean ± S.E.M.: 12.0 ± 4.2 pmol/L), of BK2−9 (0.7 ± 0.2 pmol/L) and of the sums of BK and its tested fragments (18.0 ± 6.4 pmol/L) are significantly greater than those recorded in the plasma of healthy volunteers (1.9 ± 0.6, 0.03 ± 0.03 and 4.3 ± 0.8 pmol/L, respectively), consistent with the previous evidence of permanent plasma kallikrein activity in this disease. Kinin levels in the plasma of HAE-FXII patients did not differ from controls, suggesting that triggering factors for contact system activation are not active during remission.

Conclusion

BK1−5, BK2−9 and the sum of BK and its fragments determined by the sensitive LC-MS/MS technique are proposed as potential biomarkers of HAE-C1INH in remission while this was not applicable to HAE-FXII patients.
Laccase-Driven Transformation of High Priority Pesticides Without Redox Mediators: Towards Bioremediation of Contaminated Wastewaters
Authors: Vaithyanathan Vasanth Kumar , Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar , Cabana Hubert
Published: February 2022

In this study, Pleurotus dryinus was grown on municipal biosolids (BS) as the substrate to produce laccase for the removal of pesticides (fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides) from wastewater. Among the various types of BS tested, sterilized biosolids were the most promising substrate for laccase production by P. dryinus with a maximal laccase activity (162.1 ± 21.1 U/g dry substrate), followed by hygenized biosolids (96.7 ± 17.6 U/g dry substrate), unsterilized biosolids (UBS) (31.9 ± 1.2 U/g dry substrate), and alkali-treated biosolids (8.2 ± 0.4 U/g dry substrate). The ultrasound-assisted extraction of this enzyme from fermented UBS was carried out with 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0, which increased the enzyme activity of the crude extract by 30%. To test the catalytic potential of the biocatalyst in real matrices, 1 U/ml of recovered crude laccase extract was applied for 24 h for the removal of 29 pesticides (nine fungicides, 10 herbicides, and 10 insecticides) either separately or as a mixture from spiked biologically treated wastewater effluent. When treated with crude enzyme extract, high-priority herbicides metolachlor and atrazine were completely removed, while 93%–97% of the insecticides aldicarb, spinosad, and azinphos-methyl and up to 91% of kresoxim-methyl were removed. Promising results were obtained with BS-derived crude enzyme extract exhibiting improved pesticides removal, which may be due to the mediator effect resulting from the catalytic transformation of other molecules in the cocktail. The results demonstrated a promising integrated bioprocess for the removal of pesticides in wastewater using crude laccase obtained from BS.
Bacterial Cellulose Properties Fulfilling Requirements for a Biomaterial of Choice in Reconstructive Surgery and Wound Healing
Authors: Jankau Jerzy , Błażyńska‐Spychalska Agata , Kubiak Katarzyna , Jędrzejczak-Krzepkowska Marzena , Pankiewicz Teresa , Ludwicka Karolina , Dettlaff Aleksandra , Pęksa Rafał
Published: February 2022

Although new therapeutic approaches for surgery and wound healing have recently made a great progress, there is still need for application of better and use novel methods to enhance biocompatibility as well as recovery and healing process. Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is natural cellulose in the form of nanostructure which has the advantages of being used in human body. The medical application of BC in reconstructive, cardiac and vascular surgery as well as wound healing is still under development, but without proved success of repetitive results. A review of studies on Bacterial Cellulose (BC) since 2016 was performed, taking into account the latest reports on the clinical use of BC. In addition, data on the physicochemical properties of BC were used. In all the works, satisfactory results of using Bacterial Cellulose were obtained. In all presented studies various BC implants demonstrated their best performance. Additionally, the works show that BC has the capacity to reach physiological as well as mechanical properties of relevance for various tissue replacement and can be produced in surgeons as well as patient specific expectations such as ear frames, vascular tubes or heart valves as well as wound healing dressings. Results of those experiments conform to those of previous reports utilizing ADM (acellular dermal matrix) and demonstrate that the use of BC has no adverse effects such as ulceration or extrusion and possesses expected properties. Based on preliminary animal as well as the few clinical data BC fittings are promising implants for various reconstructive applications since they are biocompatible with properties allowing blood flow, attach easily to wound bed and remain in place until donor site is healed properly. Additionally, this review shows that BC can be fabricated into patient specific shapes and size, with capability to reach mechanical properties of relevance for heart valve, ear, and muscle replacement. Bacterial cellulose appears, as shown in the above review, to be one of the materials that allow extensive application in the reconstruction after soft tissue defects. Review was created to show the needs of surgeons and the possibilities of using BC through the eyes and knowledge of biotechnologists.
Effects of Isometric Plantar-Flexion on the Lower Limb Muscle and Lumbar Tissue Stiffness
Authors: Chen Baizhen , Cui Shaoyang , Xu Mingzhu , Zhang Zhijie , Liu Chunlong
Published: February 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of isometric plantar-flexion against different resistances on the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF), erector spinae (ES), and gastrocnemius stiffness by shear wave elastography (SWE). The purpose was to explore the interaction between the lower limb muscle and lumbar tissue in the myofascial tensegrity network.

Methods: Twenty healthy young female were recruited in this study. The stiffness of the TLF, ES, medial gastrocnemius (MG), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) was measured by SWE under four isometric plantar-flexion resistance conditions. The resistance conditions involved 0% maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), 20% MVIC, 40% MVIC, and 60% MVIC.

Results: There was a strong correlation between the stiffness change of MG and that of TLF (r = 0.768–0.943, p < 0.001) and ES (r = 0.743–0.930, p < 0.001), while it was moderate to strong correlation between MG and that of LG (r = 0.588–0.800, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the stiffness between the nondominant and dominant sides of TLF and ES under the resting position (p > 0.05). The increase in stiffness of the TLF, ES, MG, and LG, with MVIC percentage (p < 0.05), and the stiffness of TLF and ES on the nondominant side is much higher than that on the dominant side.

Conclusions: Our data shows that isometric plantar-flexion has a significant effect on the stiffness of the lumbar soft tissue and gastrocnemius. The gastrocnemius has a strong correlation with the stiffness changes of TLF and ES, which provides preliminary evidence for exploring the myofascial tensegrity network between the dorsal side of the lower limb muscle and lumbar tissue.
Topical Analysis of Nuclear Experts' Perceptions of Publics, Nuclear Energy, and Sustainable Futures
Authors: Patenaude Hannah K. , Bloomfield Emma Frances
Published: February 2022

Nuclear energy experts consider commercial power from fission to be a strong contender to help mitigate the increasing effects of climate change, in part due to its low-to-no carbon emissions. Nevertheless, nuclear energy's history, including meltdowns such as Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima, and dumping in sacred Indigenous land such as Yucca Mountain, raises important concerns in public deliberation over nuclear power. These communicative dynamics are crucial to study because they inform larger conversations in communication scholarship about the role of experts in scientific controversies and the complicated nature of public trust in and engagement with science. Thus, this study explores the perspectives of experts and how they make sense of their own communicative practices through a topical analysis of semi-structured interviews with 12 nuclear scientists and engineers in the United States and Canada. Our analysis revealed four major topoi: (1) risk and safety, (2) government and policy, and (3) public education and engagement, and (4) cost, along which nuclear experts make sense of science-public boundaries and their role as scientists and scientist citizens. This paper extends our understanding and how scientists view themselves as communicative actors and the barriers and opportunities for how we can foster productive technical-public relationships around climate change solutions.
2D Materials for Cardiac Tissue Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Gokce Cemile , Gurcan Cansu , Delogu Lucia Gemma , Yilmazer Acelya
Published: February 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a massive impact on human health. Due to the limited regeneration capacity of adult heart tissue, CVDs are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Even though there are surgical and pharmacological treatments for CVDs, regenerative strategies are the most promising approaches and have the potential to benefit millions of people. As in any other tissue engineering approach, the repair and regeneration of damaged cardiac tissues generally involve scaffolds made up of biodegradable and biocompatible materials, cellular components such as stem cells, and growth factors. This review provides an overview of biomaterial-based tissue engineering approaches for CVDs with a specific focus on the potential of 2D materials. It is essential to consider both physicochemical and immunomodulatory properties for evaluating the applicability of 2D materials in cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. As new members of the 2D materials will be explored, they will quickly become part of cardiac tissue engineering technologies.
Association of the Serum Folate and Total Calcium and Magnesium Levels Before Ovarian Stimulation With Outcomes of Fresh In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in Normogonadotropic Women
Authors: Polzikov Mikhail , Blinov Dmitry , Barakhoeva Zarema , Vovk Lyudmila , Fetisova Yulia , Ovchinnikova Maria , Tischenko Marina , Zorina Irina , Yurasov Vasily , Ushakova Tatyana , Sergeyev Oleg
Published: February 2022

Background

Women of reproductive age are recommended to consume folic acid and other supplements before conception and during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the association of the serum folate and total magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) levels before ovarian stimulation with the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in normogonadotropic women.

Methods

We used a subanalysis of data obtained from a multicentre, randomized prospective study (NCT03088137). A total of 110 normogonadotropic, non-advanced aged, non-obese women with tubal and/or male infertility factors were enrolled for the single fresh ovarian stimulation GnRH antagonist cycle. The main outcome measures were the total oocyte yield, mature oocytes, fertilization rate, biochemical, clinical pregnancy, and live birth. Multivariable generalized linear models adjusted for covariates were used with a Poisson distribution and the log link function for adjusted oocyte counts, and a binomial distribution and the log link function were used for adjusted clinical ART outcomes.

Results

The medians (interquartile range (IQR)) were as follows: baseline serum folate, 20.55 ng/ml (10.8, 32.9); Mg, 19.4 mg/L (18.7, 20.7); Ca, 94 mg/L (91.2, 96.4); and Ca/Mg ratio, 4.78 (4.55, 5.02). Women with higher serum folate concentrations (Q4≥33.0 ng/ml) had significantly lower total numbers of oocytes retrieved (adjusted mean (95% CI) 9.2 (7.6-11.3) vs 12.9 (10.9-15.4, p-trend=0.006)) and lower odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of 0.12 (0.02, 0.79) for clinical pregnancy and 0.10 (0.01, 0.70) for live birth compared with women in the lowest quartile (<10.8 ng/ml), all p-trend<0.001. Women in the highest Ca/Mg ratio quartile (≥5.02) had ORs (95% CI) of 6.58 (1.31, 33.04) for biochemical pregnancy, 4.85 (1.02, 23.08) for clinical pregnancy and 4.07 (0.83, 19.9) for the live birth rate compared with women in the lowest quartile (<4.55), all p-trend<0.001.

Conclusions

Using multivariable models, we suggested that a baseline elevated serum folate level (≥33.0 ng/ml) and a lower Ca/Mg ratio were associated with worse ART outcomes in normogonadotropic women. Our findings might be useful for choosing safe dosages of folate, calcium, magnesium and complex supplementation for both fertile women and women undergoing infertility treatment. Further preconception large-scale studies with known micro- and macronutrient statuses of both parents and serum folate, Ca, Mg, and hormone levels, are needed.
Coffee Types and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Large-Scale Cross-Phenotype Association Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Wang Xinpei , Jia Jinzhu , Huang Tao
Published: February 2022

Purpose

To explore whether coffee intake is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from a genetic perspective, and whether this association remains the same among different types of coffee consumers.

Methods

We utilized the summary-level results of 12 genome-wide association studies. First, we used linkage disequilibrium score regression and cross-phenotype association analysis to estimate the genetic correlation and identify shared genes between coffee intake and T2DM in addition to some other T2DM-related phenotypes. Second, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to test whether there is a significant genetically predicted causal association between coffee intake and the risk of T2DM or other T2DM-related phenotypes. For all the analyses above, we also conducted a separate analysis for different types of coffee consumers, in addition to total coffee intake.

Results

Genetically, choice for ground coffee was significantly negatively associated with the risk of T2DM and some other related risks. While coffee intake and choice for decaffeinated/instant coffee had significant positive correlation with these risks. Between these genetically related phenotypes, there were 1571 genomic shared regions, of which 134 loci were novel. Enrichment analysis showed that these shared genes were significantly enriched in antigen processing related biological processes. MR analysis indicated that higher genetically proxied choice for ground coffee can reduce the risk of T2DM (T2DM: b: -0.2, p-value: 4.70×10-10; T2DM adjusted for body mass index (BMI): b: -0.11, p-value: 4.60×10-5), and BMI (b: -0.08, p-value: 6.50×10-5).

Conclusions

Compared with other types of coffee, ground coffee has a significant negative genetic and genetically predicated causal relationship with the risk of T2DM. And this association is likely to be mediated by immunity. The effect of different coffee types on T2DM is not equal, researchers on coffee should pay more attention to distinguishing between coffee types.
Roles and Clinical Significances of ATF6, EMC6, and APAF1 in Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Xiao Wang , Cao Rong-Chang , Yang Wan-Jun , Tan Jie-Hui , Liu Ruo-Qi , Kan He-Ping , Zhou Lei , Zhang Na , Chen Zhi-Ye , Chen Xue-Mei , Xu Jia , Zhang Guo-Wei , Shen Peng
Published: February 2022

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is prevalent among malignant tumors with poor prognosis and lacks efficient therapeutic strategies. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis are associated with chronic inflammation and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of ER stress-related, and apoptosis-related genes in PC remains to be further elucidated. Our study aimed at confirming the prognostic values of the ER stress-related genes, ATF6, EMC6, XBP1, and CHOP, and the apoptosis-related gene, APAF1, in PC patients.

Methods: Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) was used to evaluate prognosis value of ATF6, EMC6, XBP1, CHOP, and APAF1 in PC. Clinical data from 69 PC patients were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR were used for the assessment of gene or protein expression. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and the Transwell invasion assays were, respectively, used for the assessment of the proliferative and invasive abilities of PC cells. The prognostic values of ATF6, XBP1, CHOP, EMC6, and APAF1 in PC patients were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses.

Results: XBP1 and CHOP expressions were not associated with PC recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). ATF6 upregulation and EMC6 and APAF1 downregulations significantly correlated with the poor RFS, OS, and DSS of PC patients. ATF6 promoted PC cell proliferation and invasion, while EMC6 and APAF1 inhibited these events.

Conclusion: ATF6 upregulation and EMC6 and APAF1 downregulations may be valid indicators of poor prognosis of PC patients. Moreover, ATF6, EMC6, and APAF1 may constitute potential therapeutic targets in PC patients.
Spatial Distribution and Composition of Surface Microplastics in the Southwestern South China Sea
Authors: Yu Jun , Tang Danling , Wang Sufen , He Lei , Pathira Arachchilage Kalani Randima Lakshani
Published: February 2022

Plastic pollution is one of the growing environmental problems in the world currently. The situation of microplastics (MPs) in the South China Sea (SCS) is not yet fully understood. This study investigated the spatial distribution, morphological characterization, and chemical composition of MPs in surface seawater in the southwestern SCS, based on cruise data in 2018. Our analysis shows that the average abundance of surface MPs in seawater was 0.072 ± 0.053 particles/m3 and 88.4% of MPs were <2 mm. 97.3% of MPs were fibers and fragments. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and cellophane were predominant polymer components of surface MPs. Higher MPs abundance (0.083 ± 0.063 particles/m3) and bigger MPs sizes were found at surface water in Nansha Islands than in Xisha Islands (0.032 ± 0.01 particles/m3). In addition, more polymer types of MPs were found in Nansha Islands, while more MPs films were found in Xisha Islands. PET and cellophane dominated in Nansha Islands, while PVC dominated in Xisha Islands with no cellophane detected. The surface MPs were low in abundance and diverse in polymers in the southwestern SCS with apparent differences between islands and between onshore and offshore, owing to plastics wastes from vessel traffics and some inhabited islands.
Recent Progress in Surface Modification of Mg Alloys for Biodegradable Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Rahim Shebeer A. , Joseph M. A. , Sampath Kumar T. S. , T Hanas
Published: February 2022

The combination of light weight, strength, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of magnesium (Mg) alloys can soon break the paradigm for temporary orthopedic implants. As the fulfillment of Mg-based implants inside the physiological environment depends on the interaction at the tissue–implant interface, surface modification appears to be a more practical approach to control the rapid degradation rate. This article reviews recent progress on surface modification of Mg-based materials to tailor the degradation rate and biocompatibility for orthopedic applications. A critical analysis of the advantages and limitations of the various surface modification techniques employed are also included for easy reference of the readers.
Changes in Serum Neutralizing Antibodies Levels During Convalescence of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Chen Qing-Qing , Gong Lei , Wu Xiao-Min , Feng Ya-Ting , Luo Wan-Rong , Zhou Xue , Yuan Yuan , Yu Jun-Ling , He Lan , Wang Peng , Ge Ying-Lu , Hou Sai , Li Wei-Wei , Sun Yong , Wu Jia-Bing , Su Bin , Pan Hai-Feng , He Jun , Liu Zhi-Rong
Published: February 2022

Detection of serum-specific SARS-CoV-2 antibody has become a complementary means for the identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As we already know, the neutralizing antibody titers in patients with COVID-19 decrease during the course of time after convalescence, whereas the duration of antibody responses in the convalescent patients has not been defined clearly. In the current study, we collected 148 serum samples from 37 confirmed COVID-19 cases with different disease severities. The neutralizing antibodies (Nabs), IgM and IgG against COVID-19 were determined by CLIA Microparticle and microneutralization assay, respectively. The time duration of serum titers of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were recorded. Our results indicate that IgG (94.44%) and Nabs (89.19%) can be detected at low levels within 190–266 days of disease onset. The findings can advance knowledge regarding the antibody detection results for COVID-19 patients and provide a method for evaluating the immune response after vaccination.
Clinical Features and Surgical Treatment of Subretinal Proliferation in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Wu Chan , Dai Rongping , Chen Youxin , Zhang Xiao , Chen Zhe
Published: February 2022

Purpose

To describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of subretinal proliferation (SRP) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients.

Methods

A total of 184 patients (221 eyes) who received vitrectomy for PDR between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with SRP were further evaluated. The following data were collected from their medical records: demographics, systemic and ophthalmologic findings, and treatment given specifically for SRP. The main outcome measures included the visual acuity (VA), funduscopic examination, and final anatomic success.

Results

Twelve eyes of eleven patients including seven females and four males with a mean age of 47.64 ± 11.21 years were evaluated. The surgical indication for the patients was mainly tractional retinal detachment (TRD) (100.0%). No retinal break was found preoperatively or intraoperatively. Only one eye (8.3%) had undergone subretinal band removal procedure intraoperatively, and the final anatomical success rate was 100%.

Conclusion

Subretinal proliferation in PDR was associated with TRD. The retina could reattach successfully after vitrectomy without removal or transection of SRP in most eyes.