bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТАБОЛІЧНИЙ СИНДРОМ У КОНЕЙ
Authors: Нєдзвєдзь А. , Максимович І. А. , Гутий Б. В. , Слівінська Л. Г. , Стронський Ю. С. , Леньо М. І. , Чернушкін Б. О. , Русин В. І. , Леньо Ю. М. , Карповський В. І. , Леськів Х. Я.
Published: May 2022

У статті дано визначення захворювання – метаболічний синдром коней, а також на підставі даних літератури охарактеризовано основні причини, патогенез, діагностику, профілактику та лікування ускладнень, спричинених метаболічним синдромом у коней. Метаболічний синдром коней реєструється в молодих коней, а також у геріатричних тварин. Найбільш поширеним метаболічний синдром коней є в поні, коней породи Морган, Пасо Фіно, арабських, верхових і чистокровних коней. Діагностика метаболічного синдрому коней полягає на аналізі породної та генетичної схильності, визначенні резистентності до інсуліну, а також ступеня розвитку ожиріння. Рання діагностика метаболічного синдрому коней запобігає розвитку ламініту. Основним у лікуванні коней за метаболічного синдрому є зниження маси тіла, з комбінацією дієти і фізичного навантаження в коней без розвитку ламініту. Лікування й догляд за твариною з метаболічним синдромом вимагає індивідуального підходу. Основний стратегічний напрямок у вирішенні проблеми інсулінорезистентності повинен опиратися на втраті маси тіла й підвищенні чутливості до інсуліну за допомогою зміни раціону та збільшенні фізичної активності. Зміна раціону полягає у зниженні енергетичних компонентів і неструктурних вуглеводів у його складі. Крім того, необхідно уникати випасання тварин, особливо в пору року, коли з’являється молода, свіжа трава. Необхідно звертати увагу на пасовище, на яких сьогодні збільшується кількість трав генетично модифікованих видів, які вирощують для виробництва молока та відгодівлі великої рогатої худоби. Така трава характеризуються високим вмістом NSC, що є протилежністю пасовищ, які необхідні для коней. Якщо метаболічний синдром коней був встановлений після виявлення ламініту, то заходи повинні бути спрямовані на зменшення маси тіла, але з обмеженим фізичним навантаженням, щоби не наражати на подальше пошкодження копит. Першочергова увага має бути спрямована на лікування ламініту у тварини, а також зменшення ожиріння зі значно зниженою фізичною активністю. Низьковуглеводна дієта повинна знижувати активність інсуліну. Якщо його активність є дуже високою, можна використовувати препарати для зниження його рівня.
Electronic Money Sebagai Alat Transaksi Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Mufidah Zahra Aulia , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

The revolution in information and communication technology facilitated the expansion of electronic payment systems and new forms of payment instruments with the emergence of a payment instrument known as electronic money (e-money). The use of e-money as an alternative to non-cash payment instruments in several countries shows that there is considerable potential to reduce the growth rate of cash use, especially for payments that are micro to retail. The development of the digital economy is very important, almost the economy uses information, communication and digital technology. Both in product packaging or product marketing. The purpose of writing this article is to examine e-money when viewed from Islamic law and to examine what contracts exist in transactions using e-money. E-Money, which has now become part of technological advancements among the halal community and has complied with sharia principles as a means of transaction and muamalah. The author wants to see E-Money from a sharia perspective, is it in accordance with Islamic law, what contracts are contained in depositing E-Money accounts belonging to apprenticeships and refills. This article tries to examine departing from these two problems.
SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN WAKAF SERTA PERAN WAKAF DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PEREKONOMIAN
Authors: Lisnaeni
Published: May 2022

Praktik seperti wakaf sebenarnya sudah ada sejak sebelum islam itu datang, hanya saja penyebutannya bukanlah dengan sebutan wakaf, tetapi dengan istilah lain. Islam sendiri mengenal wakaf ketika Nabi Muhammad SAW berhijrah dari Mekkah ke Madina, dan perintah untuk wakaf pada tahun ke 2 hijriah. Wakaf sebenarnya tidak disebutkan secara eksplisit di dalam Al - Qur'an sebagai wakaf. Hanya saja, penyebutannya yakni Infak Fisabilillah menginfakkan harta di jalan Allah, dengan mengharapkan pahala tertinggi yakni mendapatkan syurgaNya Allah SWT. Praktik wakaf pertama dalam Islam ada dua pendapat yakni pendapat yang pertama, Rasulullah yang mewakafkan tujuh kebun kepemilikannya. Serta pendapat yang kedua yakni Umar bin Khatab yang mewakafkan kebun Khaibar. Semenjak turunnya perintah untuk berwakaf, sahabat nabi berbondong bondong mewakafkan seluruh harta kesayangannya di jalan Allah. Mulai dari Abu Bakar, Umar bin Khatab, Utman bin Affan, Abu Thalhah dan masih banyak lagi sahabat yang mewakafkannya. Wakaf memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam perkembangan perekonomian, terutama di negara yang mayoritas Islam. Wakaf bisa menangani salah satu sektor diantaranya menyediaan sarana fasilitas umum.
The omicron ba2 variant and the role of repetitive amino acids
Authors: Tabaee Damavandi Pardis
Published: May 2022

No conflicts of interest to disclose
Women's career in Vietnamese academia: An analysis from multiple lenses
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Despite scholars and governments’ efforts to eliminate obstacles to women’s career progress, the global labour market is characterised by gender inequality. Women are more likely than men to be employed in vulnerable jobs and support roles and underrepresented in senior management levels across all sectors (ILO, 2020). Like the global picture, Vietnamese women tend to work in positions which do not usually have formal work arrangement or provide social security and safety nets against economic shock (WB, 2020b). In terms of the quality of women’s jobs, only 27.7% of leader, manager and administrator positions nationwide are occupied by women (GSO of Vietnam, 2018) although Vietnamese women in the early history held powerful position in history.
Hubungan Pemerintah dengan Gerakan Koperasi
Authors: baiti Nur
Published: May 2022

Koperasi lahir di Indonesia pada abad ke-20 dari kalangan rakyat ketika penderitaan dalam lapangan ekonomi dan sosial yang ditimbulkan oleh sistem kapitalisme semakin memuncak. Koperasi berkembang menjadi organisasi bisnis yang dimiliki dan dioperasikan oleh orangseorang demi kepentingan bersama. Koperasi melandaskan kegiatan berdasarkan prinsip gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan asas kekeluargaan. Menurut UU RI No.25 Tahun 1992, Koperasi adalah badan ekonomi yang sosial dan beranggotakan orang-orang atau badan hukum koperasi dengan melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip koperasi sekaligus gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan asas kekeluargaan (Ps. 1 Ayat 1). Koperasi melandaskan kegiatan berlandaskan Pancasila dan UndangUndang Dasar 1945 serta berdasar atas asas kekeluargaan. Pemerintah memiliki peran dalam meregulasi aktivitas perekonomian agar kestabilan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rakyat dapat terjaga sehingga tingkat pengangguran dan kemiskinan dapat ditekan. Kesejahteraan rakyat dalam berbagai bidang termasuk dalam bidang ekonomi sebagai tulang punggung kehidupan turut menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah. Untuk itu penting untuk kita mempelajari bagaimana Hubungan pemeintah dengan koperasi dalam memajukan perekonomian
Russian-Chinese Partnership within the Framework of the ‘One Belt, One Road’ Initiative
Authors: Novozhilov Aleksandr
Published: May 2022

The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that the relations between China and Russia at the present stage have a significant impact on the development of the entire system of international relations. Both China and Russia are permanent members of the UN Security Council and have great economic potential, and are also included in the list of the top ten countries in the world in terms of GDP, have solid nuclear missile weapons and their means of delivery, have great political weight in the international arena in the system of modern international relations. Russia and China have established strategic partnership relations, concluded an Agreement on good-neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation, and thereby created a strong legal basis for the development of stable relations between these states. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of the possibility of combining the transport and logistics projects of the EAEU and the ‘One Belt, One Road initiative’.
Geometry and growth of syn-tectonic plutons emplaced in thrust shear zones: Insights from Abu Ziran Pluton, Egypt
Authors: Mohammad Abdullah , El Kazzaz Yahia
Published: May 2022

Coupling of deformation and magmatism has been reported in several old orogenic belts, particularly along thrust faults and shear zones. The syn-kinematic plutons in exhumed shear zones offer the best opportunity to understand the complex relationship between magmatism and regional deformation. The present paper investigates the geometry and internal structure of granite plutons emplaced in thrust faults and shear zones, and structural control on their emplacement mechanism. Abu Ziran pluton is an example of the intrusions emplaced in active brittle-ductile zones in the Nubian shield, and documents clear evidence on the interaction between magmatism and regional deformation during melt ascent and emplacement. Results from detailed geological mapping, remote sensing, and structural analysis of the pluton and associated highly strained rocks permitted the constraining of the pluton's geometry, emplacement mechanism, and spatio-temporal evolution. Structural analysis of the study area indicates that pluton emplacement was syn- to-late-tectonic. The brittle-ductile fabrics in the wall rock are consistent with a sub-horizontal thrust shear zone with a top-to-NW shear sense. The activity of the shear zone was accompanied by an episode of a calc-alkaline magmatic pulse. Granitic magma ascended upward via non-exposed feeder dykes, or through ramps and flats in the thrust system and emplaced laterally along the shear zone, forming complex sub-horizontal sheet-shaped intrusion. The geometry and extent of pluton emphasize that inherited heterogeneities and regional stress states played important role in the emplacement processes. In addition, localization of pluton along or near the contact between ophiolitic nappes and mylonitic metasediments suggests that the rheological boundaries act as barriers that impedes the rise of ascending magma, causing magma arrest, and triggers lateral spreading and emplacement. The outcomes of this study allowed the reconstruction of the geometry and internal structure of Abu Ziran pluton and an understanding of its evolution in space and time.
Mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of seasonally dry ecosystems to drought
Authors: Rempe Daniella , McCormick Erica , Hahm W Jesse , Persad Geeta , Cummins Cameron , Lapides Dana , Chadwick K. Dana , Dralle David
Published: May 2022

Root-zone water storage (RWS) dynamics regulate when plants experience drought-related water stress and mortality. However, because RWS capacity (Smax) is poorly known, it remains challenging to translate variability in precipitation to water stress. Here, we investigate the relationship between precipitation variability and Smax and implement a framework for identifying the vulnerability of seasonally dry woody ecosystems to projected climate change. Using novel estimates of Smax across California, we demonstrate that where dry-season RWS is routinely capped by Smax, plants are less vulnerable to precipitation variability relative to where dry-season RWS varies annually with precipitation. Using direct measurements of RWS and Smax at three field sites, we illustrate how these differences in vulnerability arise due to variations in bedrock properties. We calculate that up to 23% of California's total biomass is sensitive to year-to-year variations in precipitation and can experience carryover of moisture from one year to the next. Contrary to the notion that deep weathering and moisture carryover confer ecosystem resilience to moisture stress, the areas we identified where Smax commonly exceeds precipitation totals experienced disproportionately high rates of mortality during recent drought. In contrast, the 51-58% of California's total biomass that experiences annually reliable dry-season moisture supply showed lower drought-related mortality. This framework then allows us to use climate projections for the next century to determine that a transition from stable to unstable moisture supply is projected for 3% of the state's carbon stocks. Much of the area presently showing signs of vulnerability is expected to experience additional moisture stress in the coming century due to changes in precipitation amounts alone. An understanding of belowground conditions, including the deep root-zone in bedrock, contributes to prediction of conditions leading to ecosystem water stress.
Novel Five-Phase Model for Understanding the Nature of Misophonia and Providing Treatment
Authors: Dozier Thomas H , Mitchell Nathanael
Published: May 2022

We present a novel five-phase model of misophonia from a cognitive-behavioral framework. This model identifies a learned reflex of the autonomic nervous system as the primary etiology and maintenance of misophonia. Phase 1 is anticipatory anxiety and avoidance. Phase 2 is a conditioned physical reflex (for example, the tensing of calf muscles) that develops through stimulus-response Pavlovian conditioning. Phase 3 includes intense negative emotional responses and accompanying physiological distress, thoughts, urges, and emotion-driven behavior. Phase 4 is the individual’s coping responses to emotional distress, and phase 5 is the environmental response and resulting internal and external consequences of the coping behaviors. Each phase helps explain the maintenance of the response and the individual’s impairment. Anticipatory anxiety and avoidance of phase 1 contributes to an increased arousal and awareness of triggers, resulting in increased severity of the trigger experience. Both the Pavlovian-conditioned physical reflex of phase 2 and the emotion-driven behavior caused by the conditioned emotional response of phase 3 increase with in vivo exposure to triggers. Phase 4 includes internal and external coping behaviors to the intense emotions and distress, and phase 5 includes the consequences of those behaviors. Internal consequences include beliefs and new emotions based on environmental responses to anger and panic. For example, the development of emotions such as shame and guilt, and beliefs regarding how “intolerable” the trigger is. We assert misophonia is a multi-sensory condition and includes anticipatory anxiety, conditioned physical reflexes, intense emotional and physical distress, subsequent internal and external responses, and environmental consequences.
Can Floor Effects Explain Increased Affective Reactivity Among Depressed Individuals Found in Experience Sampling Research?
Authors: von Klipstein Lino , Servaas Michelle , Lamers Femke , Schoevers Robert A. , Wardenaar Klaas J , Riese Harriette
Published: May 2022

Experience sampling studies into daily-life affective reactivity indicate that depressed individuals react more strongly to both positive and negative stimuli than non-depressed individuals, particularly on negative affect (NA). Given the different mean levels of both positive affect (PA) and NA between patients and controls, such findings may be influenced by floor/ceiling effects, leading to violations of the normality and homoscedasticity assumptions underlying the used statistical models. Affect distributions in prior studies suggest that this may have particularly influenced NA-reactivity findings. Here, we investigated the influence of floor/ceiling effects on the observed PA- and NA-reactivity to both positive and negative events. Data came from 346 depressed, non-depressed, and remitted participants from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). In PA-reactivity analyses, no floor/ceiling effects and assumption violations were observed, and PA-reactivity to positive events, but not negative events, was significantly increased in the depressed and remitted groups versus the non-depressed group. However, NA-scores exhibited a floor effect in the non-depressed group and naively estimated models violated model assumptions. When these violations were accounted for in subsequent analyses, group differences in NA-reactivity that had been present in the naive models were no longer observed. In conclusion, we found increased PA-reactivity to positive events but no evidence of increased NA-reactivity in depressed individuals when accounting for violations of assumptions. The results indicate that affective-reactivity results are very sensitive to modeling choices and that previously observed increased NA-reactivity in depressed individuals may (partially) reflect unaddressed assumption violations resulting from floor effects in NA.
Value-modulated attentional capture is augmented by win-related sensory cues
Authors: Pearson Daniel , Piao Meihui , Le Pelley Mike
Published: May 2022

Attentional prioritization of stimuli in the environment plays an important role in overt choice. Previous research shows that prioritization is influenced by the magnitude of paired rewards, in that stimuli signalling high-value rewards are more likely to capture attention than stimuli signalling low-value rewards; and this attentional bias has been proposed to play a role in addictive and compulsive behaviours. A separate line of research has shown that win-related sensory cues can bias overt choices. However, the role that these cues play in attentional selection is yet to be investigated. Participants in the current study completed a visual search task in which they responded to a target shape in order to earn reward. The colour of a distractor signalled the magnitude of reward and type of feedback on each trial. Participants were slower to respond to the target when the distractor signalled high reward compared to when the distractor signalled low reward, suggesting that the high-reward distractors had increased attentional priority. Critically, the magnitude of this reward-related attentional bias was further increased for a high-reward distractor with post-trial feedback accompanied by win-related sensory cues. Participants also demonstrated an overt choice preference for the distractor that was associated with win-related sensory cues. These findings demonstrate that stimuli paired with win-related sensory cues are prioritized by the attention system over stimuli with equivalent physical salience and learned value. This attentional prioritization may have downstream implications for overt choices, especially in gambling contexts where win-related sensory cues are common.
Believing in a political media dictate is associated with Covid-19-related beliefs, media usage, and health behaviors
Authors: Said Nadia , Fischer Helen , Buder Jürgen , Huff Markus
Published: May 2022

A substantial number of citizens in democratic countries believe in a political media dictate, the false assumption that governments decide what mainstream and flagship journalistic outlets may report or not. Two survey studies using national German samples (N= 590 and N = 1067) revealed that more than one third of the adult population believes in a political media dictate. The studies explored cognitive and metacognitive underpinnings of how this belief is related to other beliefs (true and false statements about Covid-19), the confidence that beliefs are held with, and the insights into the accuracy of one’s beliefs. Moreover, relations between belief in a media dictate and behaviors (media consumption, compliance with Covid-19 measures, vaccination intentions) were investigated. Results revealed that those who believe in a media dictate are not a homogeneous group, but may be comprised of two sub-groups: one that is characterized by deep-seated distrust against institutions (often fueled by alternative media consumption) and has developed interrelated beliefs in an “alternative reality” of misinformed beliefs; and one that is characterized by ignorance and lack of interest in political affairs. This has implications for how to target these sub-groups in political and science communication.
Parasocial Relationships and Their Positive Psychological Outcomes
Authors: Vahedi Meisam , Derrick Jaye L.
Published: May 2022

This paper reviews the literature to demonstrate the processes underlying the development of a parasocial relationship and the differentiation between parasocial relationships and other types of engagement with media characters. It then presents a model depicting how parasocial relationships with favorite celebrities may lead to psychological advantages.
Attention and Memory
Authors: Sherman Brynn , Turk-Browne Nicholas
Published: May 2022

Attention plays an important and pervasive role in human perception, filtering complex sensory input based on what is most salient or relevant, and gating the entry of this information into conscious awareness. Beyond modulating processing of the current environment, the control of attention over perception has downstream consequences for processing of the past and future, determining what information is available for memory encoding and retrieval. This interaction between attention and memory is bidirectional, as goals, episodes, and knowledge held in memory in turn inform attentional selection and vigilance. These bidirectional interactions can be found across different types of memory and their underlying brain systems. In this chapter, we catalog the ways in which attention and memory interact, focusing on working memory, episodic memory, and learning. By reviewing the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying these interactions, we reconceptualize attention as serving a broader role in the organization of the mind, and memory as being fundamentally selective and interwoven with perception.
Acting collectively against air pollution: When does control threat mobilize environmental activism? Registered report
Authors: Potoczek Anna , Bukowski Marcin , Jasko Katarzyna , Czepluch Felix , Fritsche Immo , Jugert Philipp , Kossowska Małgorzata
Published: May 2022

Research has shown that when control is threatened, people are more likely to turn to groups that are perceived as particularly agentic. However, the question of under what conditions control threat can mobilize individuals to join problem-focused, activist groups remains unresolved. In the present research, we propose that strength of involvement in group-based actions depends on the match between the domain of a threatened control goal and the domain in which the particular group acts. First, a match can occur when the level of control threat matches (vs. does not match) the domain in which a specific group is active. Second, a match can occur when a group operates in the same domain in which the threat to control occurs (vs. in a different domain). We tested these two cases in two countries, focusing on the context of ecological threat (i.e., the air pollution problem) and environmental activism. We did not find support for the first type of match in the data. We did find, however, partial support for another type of match. Specifically, low control participants wanted to join the group and act on its behalf only when there was a match between lack of control and the activist group domain. We interpret these results as initial evidence for the hypothesis that group-based actions among control-deprived individuals can be strategic and goal-driven.
Evaluation of growth, carcass and meat sensory characteristics of West African Dwarf bucks fed dietary Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Ekanem N. J. , Okah U. ,   Department of Animal Production and Livestock Management, College of Animal Science and Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria., Inyang U. A. ,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Jack A. A. ,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Edet H. A. ,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Offong U. A. ,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Ahamefule F. O. ,   Department of Animal Production and Livestock Management, College of Animal Science and Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2022

The leaves of Enterolobium cyclocarpum contain secondary metabolites which have beneficial and detrimental effects on the animals consuming them. This experiment was thus designed to investigate these effects on the growth performance, carcass, and meat sensory characteristics of WAD bucks fed concentrate diets containing varying levels of Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves. Harvested leaves of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (EC) were wilted for 12 to 36 hours, shredded, and incorporated into concentrate diets. Diet 1 contained no EC (0%), while Diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 7.50, 15.00 and 22.50% EC leave, respectively. The crude protein content of the diets ranged from 16.45 to 17.50% and differed significantly (p<0.05). The concentration of tannin (24.02, 28.93 and 29.71 mg/100g) and oxalate (113.15, 96.64 and 142.55 mg/100g) in diets 2 to 4 differed significantly (p<0.05) across dietary treatments. Bucks fed dietary 15% EC leaves (Diet 3) had the highest final live weight of 8.83kg which was statistically similar (p>0.05) to the final weight of bucks fed the control diet (7.73kg; Diet 1), 7.50% EC leave diet (7.33kg; Diet 2) but higher than (p<0.05) 22.50% EC leaves diet (5.65kg; Diet 4). Some internal organs (kidney, heart, and diaphragm) had significant changes in their relative weight across the treatments with diet 3 (15% EC leaves) recording the lowest values. The kidney weight of bucks fed diet 3 (0.64%) compared favourably with the control (0.61%), while the heart and diaphragm weight of bucks fed diet 3 (0.99 and 0.61%) were quite lower than those fed the control diet (1.05 and 0.67). Similarly, meat from bucks fed diet 3 was significantly (p<0.05) adjudged the most preferred, possessing the best aroma, flavor, juiciness, and tenderness. Thus, dietary EC leaves for WAD goats should not exceed 15% for better growth performance, carcass yield, and sensory characteristics.
कादम्बरीको उज्जयिनी खण्डमा परिसंख्या अलङ्कार को सौन्दर्य {The beauty of the figure ornaments in the Ujjayini section of the novel}
Authors: घिमिरे Ghimire टेकनाथ Teknath
Published: May 2022

संस्कृत भाषाको लौकिक गद्य साहित्यको इतिहासमै सर्वाधिक र सर्वोच्च स्थानको मूल्याङ्कनमा पर्न सफल महाकवि बाणभट्टको कादम्बरी आख्यान गद्य काव्य आलङ्कारिक र प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यको दृष्टिले सवै भन्दा उत्कृष्ट मानिन्छ । साँचो प्रेमले कुल र समाजको मर्यादा उल्लङ्घन गर्दैन भन्ने सजीव उदाहरण, साथै बिर्सिएको अतीत र जीवन स्मृतिको एक ज्वलन्त प्रेमकथामा आधारित यो आख्यान काव्य हो । काव्य तŒवका रूपमा अलङ्कारलाई पूर्ववर्ती आचार्यहरूले काव्यको आत्मतŒव बताए पनि परवर्ती आचार्यहरूले बाहिरी तŒवका रूपमा मात्र स्वीकारेको पाइन्छ । साहित्यको स्वर्ण युगको स्वर्णाकृतिका रूपमै रहेको वा चिनिएको कादम्बरीमा चामत्कारिक दृष्टान्त, प्राकृतिक चित्रणमा विलक्षणता, अद्भुत अलङ्कार संयोजन, कलात्मक सात्विक पात्रहरूको जीवन पद्धति, तपोवन, पाठशाला, आश्रम र भूपरिवेशको समग्र वर्णनद्वारा सातौं शताब्दीको शिक्षा, कला, समाजसहित सिंङ्गो जीवन पद्धतिको यथार्थ आलङ्कारिक विश्लेषण कादम्बरीमा पाइन्छ । कदम्बरीमा विभिन्न खण्ड र उपखण्डका रूपमा आख्यानहरू विभाजित छन् । तिनमा मूल कथा र विभिन्न उपकथाहरू रहेका छन् । वाण भट्ट लिखित कादम्बरीका सबै कथा र उपकथाहरू आलङ्कारिक शैलीमा प्रस्तुत गरिएका छन् । संस्कृत गद्यसाहित्यमा र आख्यान साहित्यमा भट्टका आफ्नै विशेषता र पहिचान रहेका छन् । कादम्बरीको उज्जयिनी वर्णन खण्ड उपमा, रूपक, उत्प्रेक्षा, परिसंख्या, यमक, श्लेष, अनुप्रास, स्वभावोक्ति आदि अनेकौ अलङ्कार प्रयोगका दृष्टिले खँदिलो रहेको पाइन्छ । यी विभिन्न किसमका आलङ्कारिक अभिव्यक्ति मध्ये विशेष गरेर यस उज्जयिनी खण्डमा परिसंख्या अलङ्कारकारको सौन्दर्यपूर्ण अभिव्यक्ति रहेको पाइन्छ । कादम्बरीको यस उज्जयिनी खण्डमा परिसंख्या अलङ्कारका माध्यमबाट वर्णनमा चमत्कार उत्पन्न भएको पाइन्छ भने कृति पनि चित्ताकर्षक र सौन्दर्यपूर्ण बनेको छ ।
Recent results on nucleon electromagnetic form factors at BESIII
Authors: De Mori Francesca
Published: May 2022

We report recent results of Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors at the BESIII experiment. The BESIII detector is installed at the BEPCII electron-positron collider in Beijing (PRC) with a center-of-mass energy range between between 2.0 and 4.9 GeV. The Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors has been measured in BESIII both via direct e+e− annihilation and initial-state-radiation technique.
MONETARY INCOMES OF POPULATION OF MOSCOW AND RUSSIA’S FAR EAST: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Domnich e.L.
Published: May 2022

In the study, on the basis of conversion into comparable prices, a comparative analysis of the monetary incomes of the population in the largest cities of the Far East and Moscow is carried out. The necessity of changing the current system of monetary compensation to residents of the northern territories is substantiated.
Economic Aspects of the Management of SARS-CoV-2-caused Viral Pneumonia
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vechorko V.I. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation,   State Budgetary Institution of Department of Health of Moscow — Municipal Clinical Hospital No.15 named after O.M. Filatov of Department of Health of Moscow; Moscow, Russian Federation, Sychev D.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russian Federation, Kitsul I.S. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russian Federation, Chebotareva T.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Study Objective: To conduct a cost analysis of the management of patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, and to develop nosological models of patients in order to optimise medical fees. Study Design: Statistical and economic study. Material and Methods. We studied 50,539 completed hospitalisations of patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 during a period from March 2020 to March 2021 in Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 15 named after O.M. Filatov. Using an expert evaluation, we found out 5 nosological models of patients and calculated mean duration of hospitalisation, confidence intervals (95% CI), and fee parameters using actual costs (cost of one bed-day and completed therapy). Study Results. We managed to prove the hypothesis, according to which correctness of analysis of actual costs of therapy and precise prognosis depend on the differentiation of cases of SARS-CoV-2-caused viral pneumonia using nosological models of a patient, nosological forms, and disease severity. We developed nosological models of a patient; identified a range of cost of therapy; and calculated corresponding relative factors. Conclusion. The cost of management of patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 should be analysed and planned depending on nosological models grouped on the basis of common causation of the disease, presence or absence of complications (pneumonia), presence of comorbidities and surgeries, and condition of patients. The most expensive is the management of patients with COVID-19 and npneumonia and surgery. Keywords: cost of management, nosological model, SARS-CoV-2, viral pneumonia.
Prediction Models of Intradialytic Hypertension: The Role of Arterial Stiffness Parameters
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tokareva A.S. ,   Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Borovkova N.Yu. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Lineva N.Yu. ,   N.A. Semashko Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital; Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Polyakova I.V. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Study Objective: To define the predictive value of arterial stiffness parameters in the development of intradialytic hypertension (IDH) in patients undergoing long-term HD. Study Design: Prospective study. Material and Methods. The prospective study included 45 patients undergoing long-term HD. An IDH criterion was an increase in systolic blood pressure >10 mm Hg after the HD in more than 4 out of 6 sessions during the period preceding 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (24BPM). Arterial stiffness parameters were assessed using a Vasotens-24 BPLab software package (by Peter Telegin, Russia). We recorded the demographics of patients and physical examination results, lab test results, duration of HD, concomitant cardiovascular diseases, and medications taken. For data analysis we used Statistics 26 application package (IBM SPSS). Study Results. The mean age of patients was 51 [41; 61] years old; HD duration was 4.5 [1.1; 7.8] years. IDH was recorded in 20 patients; the multivariate correlation analysis showed that IDH was associated with the patients’ age (HR = 3.78; 95% CI 1.29–11.04), with the augmentation index AIx (HR = 7.75; 95% CI 2.65–22.7). Inverse correlation was observed between IDH development and reflection wave transmission time — RWTT100–60 (HR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.14–0.53), presence of diabetic nephropathy (HR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.094–1.251), residual diuresis (HR = 0.43; 95% CI 0.21–0.87), and albumin level (HR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.02–0.79). Inclusion of arterial stiffness parameters into the mathematical model increased its predictive ability from AUC = 0.886 to AUC = 0.978. Conclusion. In this study, AIx ≥ –6.5% and RWTT100–60 ≤ 134.5 m/s were associated with a higher frequency of IDH, which can be a sign of the leading role of progressive artery stiffness in the development of intradialytic cardiovascular complications. Keywords: hemodialysis, intradialytic hypertension, arterial stiffness.
Obesity and COVID-19: Insights from Two Pandemics
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense, Khalimov Yu.Sh. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Agafonov P.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kireeva E.B. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Orlov Yu.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (a Federal Government-funded Military Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Defense; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: To present the pathophysiological mechanisms of the coronavirus infection in obese patients, and approaches to obesity correction in this group of patients following an overview of large randomized clinical trials of cardiovascular safety from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. Key Points. Clinical trials have demonstrated that obesity is a significant risk factor of a number of comorbidities, including severe and fatal cases of the novel coronavirus infection. A higher prevalence and severity of the novel coronavirus infection in obese patients is caused by a set of factors, with the most significant factor being an increased cardiovascular risk, including tendency to blood-clotting, reduced respiratory efficiency, impaired immune response, and chronic inflammations. Main groups of medicinal products that can be used to manage lipotoxicity have been listed. Conclusion. It has been proven that a range of positive effects from new antihyperglycemic agents (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose linked transporter-2 inhibitors), combined with a well-studied efficiency and safety profile, is a new method to manage obesity during the coronavirus pandemic. Keywords: novel coronavirus infection, obesity, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose linked transporter-2 inhibitors, cardiovascular complications, prevention.
Nimesulide: Advantages, Perspective Use During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors:   V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Eliseev M.S. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective of the Review: To discuss the specific properties of Nimesulide and its use in COVID-19. Key Points. A significant advantage of Nimesulide is a very rapid analgesic effect, due to rapid and meal-independent absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, almost complete binding to blood albumin, equally rapid achievement of the maximum concentration both in synovial fluid and blood. Now we have some data on the promising use of Nimesulide for COVID-19 management. Conclusion. An idea that Nimesulide should be among the medicinal products undergoing assessment for the use for COVID-19 management, seems rather rational. Although it is not clear whether such studies will be conducted and what their outcome will be, selection of Nimesulide as one of the primary drugs for pain management and inflammation therapy both by medical professionals and patients is not by chance; it is completely informed and justified. Keywords: Nimesulide, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, COVID-19.
Three new species of the scarab beetle genus Madecorphnus Paulian, 1992 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) from Madagascar
Authors: Frolov A.V.
Published: May 2022

Three new species of the scarab beetle genus Madecorphnus, endemic to Madagascar, are described and their characters are illustrated: M. hanskii sp. nov. (Ambohitantely Special Reserve, Central Plateau), M. aquilonius sp. nov. (Northern Madagascar), and M. barclayi sp. nov. (Masoala Peninsula, North-Eastern Madagascar). Distribution maps are presented.
Value of functional connectivity in outcome prediction for pallidal stimulation in Parkinson disease
Authors: Lai Yijie , He Naying , Wei Hongjiang , Deng Lifu , Zhou Haiyan , Li Jun , Kaiser Marcus , Zhang Chencheng , Li Dianyou , Sun Bomin
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Functional connectivity shows the ability to predict the outcome of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson disease (PD). However, evidence supporting its value in predicting the outcome of globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS remains scarce. In this study the authors investigated patient-specific functional connectivity related to GPi DBS outcome in PD and established connectivity models for outcome prediction.

METHODS

The authors reviewed the outcomes of 21 patients with PD who received bilateral GPi DBS and presurgical functional MRI at the Ruijin Hospital. The connectivity profiles within cortical areas identified as relevant to DBS outcome in the literature were calculated using the intersection of the volume of tissue activated (VTA) and the local structures as the seeds. Combined with the leave-one-out cross-validation strategy, models of the optimal connectivity profile were constructed to predict outcome.

RESULTS

Connectivity between the pallidal areas and primary motor area, supplementary motor area (SMA), and premotor cortex was identified through the literature as related to GPi DBS outcome. The similarity between the connectivity profile within the primary motor area, SMA, pre-SMA, and premotor cortex seeding from the VTA-GPi intersection from an out-of-sample patient and the constructed in-sample optimal connectivity profile predicts GPi DBS outcome (R = 0.58, p = 0.006). The predictions on average deviated by 13.1% ± 11.3% from actual improvements. On the contrary, connectivity profiles seeding from the GPi (R = −0.12, p = 0.603), the VTA (R = 0.23, p = 0.308), the VTA outside the GPi (R = 0.12, p = 0.617), or other local structures were found not to be predictive.

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed that patient-specific functional connectivity seeding from the VTA-GPi intersection could help in GPi DBS outcome prediction. Reproducibility remains to be determined across centers in larger cohorts stratified by PD motor subtype.
Psychology should generalize from—not just to— Africa
Authors: Adetula Adeyemi , Forscher Patrick S. , Basnight-Brown Dana , Azouaghe Soufian , IJzerman Hans
Published: May 2022

When psychologists attend to Africa, they usually test whether theories and concepts developed in North America and Europe generalize to Africa. Psychology would be enriched by focusing on Africa on its own terms.
Методические аспекты преподавания орфографии в курсе "Культура устной и письменной речи" на гуманитарных факультетах высшей школы
Authors: Аннюк О. А.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі сучасної лінгводидактиці у вищій школі: використанню міжпредметних зв ’язків у викладанні практичних курсів з російської мови. Велика увага приділяється нестандартним формам роботи, а саме: діловій грі, використанню алгоритмів, графічних схем тощо.
До питання функціонування термінів у газетній публіцистиці
Authors: Кажан Валентина Іванівна , Калініна Раїса Павлівна
Published: May 2022

Висвітлюються питання функціонування термінів у мові газетної публіцистики. Наголошується, що сьогодні активізується використання термінів у переносному значенні, що надає публіцистичному мовленню емоційності, виразності і образності.
Integrated Agriculture-aquaculture Farming Systems in Vietnam: The Status Quo and Future Perspectives
Authors: Lua Dang Thi
Published: May 2022

The integrated agriculture-aquaculture (IAA) farming system has been considered a form of diversified agriculture applied in Asia. In this paper, several IAA farming systems practiced in Vietnam are described, and their impacts are also reviewed. It is speculated that in developing countries like Vietnam, the IAA farming system should be targeted for support as a sustainable food safety model and a form of ecosystem-based technology to reduce environmental impacts, adapt to climate change, help avoid risks from market fluctuation, and increase incomes in comparison with monoculture farming.
Performances of Boro Rice as Affected by Different Concentrations of Marine Water
Authors: Islam Md. Redwanul , Islam Md Mazharul , Sarker Shimul Chandra , Ullah Md. Jafar , Rahman Anisur
Published: May 2022

Salinity is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses limiting crop production. Considering this issue, a pot experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the boro season (2017-2018) using two rice(Oryza sativa L.) varieties, namely BRRI dhan28 (salt sensitive) and BRRI dhan47 (salt tolerant),to assess the effects of varied salinity levels on the growth and the performance of the rice varieties under salt stress conditions. Four salinity treatments were used in this experiment, viz. control S0 (only freshwater), quarter-strength marine water S1 (three-parts freshwater and one-part marine water; 7.5 ds m−1), half-strength marine water S2 (half freshwater and half marine water; 15 ds m−1), and full-strength marine water S3 (only marine water; 30 ds m−1).These mixtures were used for irrigation purposes throughout the life cycle of the plants. Salt stress significantly decreased the plant height, relative water content (RWC) of leaves, number of effective tillers hill−1, number of filled grains panicle−1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, and biological yield of the rice. In both rice types, plant growth and yield were reduced as the salinity level increased. Grain yields decreased by 50, 90, and 100% in BRRI dhan28 when irrigated with quarter strength, half strength, and full-strength seawater, respectively, but decreased by 27, 50, and 72%, respectively, in BRRI dhan47. Similarly, other yield attributes had higher reductions in BRRI dhan28 under salt stress conditions than BRRI dhan47. However, irrigation with marine water in rice might lead to some straw yield but produced little to no grain.
Climate Change and Farmers' Adaptation Strategies: The Case of Rice Producers in Nghe An Province, Vietnam
Authors: Bien Vu Thanh , Tien Ho Nguyen Diem , Son Ngo Thanh , Vinh Bui Le , Quan Nguyen Van , Hanh Do Thi Duc , Khanh Pham Duy , Phuong Tran Trong
Published: May 2022

This research aimed at assessing climate trends and adaptation strategies to the impacts of climate change on rice producers in Nghe An province. For the first objective, multiple graphs, the Mann–Kendall test, and Sen’s Slope test were employed to analyze the secondary data of rainfall, temperature, and rice yield in Nghe An from 1995 to 2019. The results showed that the rice productivity of Nghe An increased over the 25-year period, annual rainfall decreased in the winter-spring season, and annual temperature increased in the summer-autumn season. For the second objective, primary data were collected by conducting household surveys of 396 households in Nghe An province. Sixty-two percent of farmers did not adopt any adaptive strategies, while other strategies included changing the planting schedule, growing stress-tolerant crops, improving irrigation practices, and utilizing fertilizer and other good practices. Multivariate probit regression (MVP) was employed to analyze the factors affecting the adaptation strategies of households in the study area. The results of MVP showed that age, education, gender, household size, farm size, cooperative, farmer organization, extension services, access to credit, access to irrigation, rainfall, and living in Quynh Luu or Dien Chau significantly affected the farmers’ choice. The results implied that farmers can obtain advanced technology, social learning, and community practices by participating in farmer organizations and cooperatives. In specified area, local authorities should invest in improving irrigation systems, practicing land consolidation, practicing special farming techniques, and providing timely weather forecasts for enhancing farmers’ resilience.
Analysis of Mango Marketing Channels in Siraha, Nepal
Authors: Parihat Jivan , Yadav Pankaj Kumar , Sapkota Saroj
Published: May 2022

The Siraha district of Nepal experiences surplus mango production during the season that ends up being wasted or sold at throw-away prices due to imperfect marketing. Thus, this survey research was conducted to investigate the market channels of mango, post-harvest mechanisms, constraints, marketing margins, market shares, consumer purchasing behaviors, and patterns of purchasing in Siraha.The research survey was done with thirty producers, five wholesalers, thirty-two retailers, and twenty-five consumers within the Golbazaar and Dhangadimai municipalities through a semi-structured questionnaire. Mango trading was dominated by males. It was revealed that the market demand for mango in Siraha was produced in Siraha itself(91.49%). The wholesalers supplied 30.66% of their mango to retailers, and 14.73% to consumers. Gulab Khas and Banaganapalli were the most imported varieties from India. Each variety of mango provided an almost equal margin, although Bombay was slightly higher than others. The market share was dominated by the Maldah variety as most of the farmers cultivated this variety.It was found that in addition to the varieties and arrival time, the distance to markets and farming practices were significant factors influencing the profitability of mango marketing. There is great potential to industrialize and substitute the Indian mango in the market through commercial production of mango, efficient storage, and post-harvest management, and in increasing the efficiency of the mango marketing system through subsidies and aids to the mango growing farmers from concerned stakeholders. A collaborative approach is required among all stakeholders for sustainable mango marketing and establishing it as an economic profession.