bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF EXPOSURE OF MOBILE PHONE RADIATIONS ON RED BLOOD CELL OF MICE- A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY
Authors: Singh Harvinder , Chandra Yadav Kailash , Sharma Meenakshi , Kumar Dhatwalia Sunil
Published: August 2021

The fourth generation (4G) smart phones handset emits extra radiation due to MIMO (multiple inputs and multiple outputs) systems than third generation (3G) smart phones handset. Present study was designed to compare and evaluate the detrimental effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) radiation emitted from 3G & 4G cell phone on red blood cells (RBCs) through scanning electron micrograph (SEM). The Swiss albino mice were exposed to 3G mobile phone (SAR =0.406 W/Kg & 0.562W/Kg for body and head respectively; average power density: 0.998 mW/cm2 ), and 4G mobile phone (SAR = 0.458 W/Kg & 1.520W/Kg for body and head respectively; average power density: 1.032 mW/cm2 ) during video call for a period of 4 hours/day for 120 days. Several morphological alterations were observed in the RBCs of both the exposed groups. SEM of RBCs has altered membrane. poikilocytosis, anisocytosis and macrocytosis were evident in both 3G & 4G groups. The extents of alteration were higher in 4G exposed group. Interestingly, ost of the changes were recovered to normal after removal of exposure for 30 days.
EFFECT TO CROP ROTATION AND FERTILIZATION SYSTEM IN YIELD AND TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY IN SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.)
Authors: Prysiazhniuk O. I. , Hryhoriev V. M. , Svystunova I. V. , Bukhalo V. Ya. , M. Karpuk L . , Kryvenko A. I. , Pavlichenko A. A.
Published: August 2021

he quality of sugar beet roots is estimated by the concentrations of K, Na and ?-amino nitrogen in cell fluid since sucrose content in the cell vacuole is the result of a balance of other active osmotic compounds (K and Na ions). Along with the increasing dose of organomineral fertilizers, sugar losses in molasses increase, the thin juice purity decreases, and, accordingly, white sugar yield decreases. Therefore, the optimal dose of fertilizers within the organomineral fertilization system on the typical leached chernozem (in the zone of sufficient soil moisture) was 40 t/ha of cattle manure + N90P110K130, which provides sugar yield of 6.37, 6.32, and 6.48 t/ha. Analysis of sugar yield per hectare under the conditions of insufficient soil moisture shows the importance of the right decision on short crop rotation. Thus, the highest sugar yield (5.73 t/ha) was observed in the grain – grass – hoed crop rotation against the background of 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N90P120K90. However, increased fertilizer doses, 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N135P180K135, causes a reduction in sugar yield and is not efficient in terms of additional input
THE FITNESS OF A RECOMBINANT STRAIN OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BACTERIA COMPARING WITH ITS PARENT STRAINS UNDER THE EGYPTIAN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS (MOWAS RIVER) IN 2020
Authors: E. Maaty Salah , Sh. Hassan Ahmed , K. Amin Mamdouh , M.A. Elashtokhy Mohamed
Published: August 2021

The present study aimed to study the fitness between a trans-conjugant (recombinant strain) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria with its parents after transferring genetic material by conjugation mechanism. Whereas, environmental fitness expresses the interaction of an organism with its environment therefore it is considered a good indicator for the assessment of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEM) released into nature. Incubation time was carried out in vitro and incubating time in situ in Mowas River Zagazig city during winter and summer. Accordingly, the fitness of the parents and the recombinant strain was studied. The three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1, MAM2 and PU21) were tested on chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Strain MAM2 was resistant to chloramphenicol 1200 µg/ml while was sensitive to tetracycline and has been used as the recipient. While strain PAO1 was resistant to tetracycline 200 µg/ml and was sensitive to chloramphenicol and has been used as the donor. Results proofed the presence of the plasmid in the donor and trans conjugant strains. The donor was treated with acridine orange to match the results obtained with the results at the molecular level. It was observed that bacterial fitness continued for up to 35 days in vitro, while in situ during the summer it did not last at the site for only 21 days. While it lasted 28 days during the summer. So, the risks that may be caused by releasing the genetically modified microorganisms into environments have been canceled. In addition to its ability to preserve the new genetic material, it may be able to transfer this new genetic material to other strains and species that may be live in the same ecosystem, as it is largely stable in the environment. In genetically modified microorganisms that are added to the environments for agricultural uses such as increasing soil fertility (bio-fertilizer) or biodegradation for a harmful substance such as pesticides, the soil must be re-inoculated in
DETERMINATION OF LETHAL DOSE OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES BY RADIO SENSITIVITY TEST
Authors: Gupta Rigyan , Mofazzal Islam Mirza , Nahar Begum Shamshun , Akram Wasim , Shafiqul Islam Md.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine the effects of gamma ray on seed germination, shoot length, root length, and shoot and root fresh weight of Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica) to identify the lethal dosage of the radiation. For this research, two rice genotypes viz., Binadhan-17 and Galon were examined for varietal differences in radio sensitivity to gamma radiations. Dry healthy seeds were figured to variable doses of gamma radiations i.e., 50-1000 Gy with 50 Gy intervals using 60Co as the radiation source. Highly significant differences among the genotypes (p<0.01) for all traits and treatments were observed. The differences among radiation treatments were highly significant (p<0.01) for germination percentage of seed, shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight. The genotype × dose interactions were highly significant for germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight and root fresh weight indicating no stability of performance for characters across different radiation levels. Mutagenic treatments shifted mean values towards negative direction for almost all traits but not in a definite pattern. In general, genotypes displayed variable response towards gamma radiations and there LD25 and LD50 were different.
VOLATILITY BY INPUTS AND WEATHER ON SUSTAINABLE APPLE YIELD IN KASHMIR
Authors: Iqbal Rather Mohd , Ahmad Rais , Maqsood Sobia
Published: August 2021

An Increase in weather risk is generally associated with increases in apple production risk. We consider weather-induced changes in the variation in apple output as a systemic risk in Kashmir. Relative weather and input impacts have been established on regional output volatility. For this reason, we have designed a development component with developing weather variables. Only in some places will rising instability be related to weather shifts. For climate effect analysis, models of only weather variables provide skewed yet fair approximations.
Field Trial Comparing Two Materials for Marine Oil Sheen Sampling
Authors: Joab Bruce M. , McCall James , Anderson, Michael J. , Ammann Michael
Published: August 2021

The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) uses fiberglass material for forensic analysis of oil sheens, while the United States Coast Guard (USCG) method uses a tetrafluoroetheylene-fluorocarbon (TFE-fluorocarbon) polymer net. We performed a field trial of these two materials by sampling natural oil seeps, two in Santa Monica Bay, and three sheen areas in the Santa Barbara Channel. Though the fiberglass material did collect less mass on some trials, the forensic chemistry results demonstrated that both materials were satisfactory for purposes of chemical forensic analysis as each pair of the sampling materials yielded results that were consistent with a common oil seep source.
The distribution of anadromy and residency in steelhead/rainbow trout in the Eel River, northwestern California
Authors: Harvey Bret C. , Nakamoto Rodney J. , Kent Adam J. R. , Zimmerman Christian E.
Published: August 2021

To inform management and conservation of the species, we investigated the distribution of anadromy and residency of steelhead/rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Eel River of northwestern California. We determined maternal anadromy versus residency for 106 juvenile O. mykiss using otolith microchemistry. To attempt to relate patterns of anadromy with environmental factors known to influence its distribution in O. mykiss in other places, fish were collected from 52 sites throughout the drainage covering a range of stream size (0.1–7.7 m3/s estimated mean annual run-off) and distance from the ocean (23–219 km). Sixty-one of 91 fish sampled below prospective barriers had anadromous mothers, while 1 of 15 fish sampled above barriers had an anadromous mother. We did not detect any influence of stream size or distance from the ocean on the occurrence of anadromy. Fish with resident mothers were found at 21 of 46 sites below barriers. The current broad distribution of fish with resident mothers indicates the importance of maintaining freshwater conditions suitable for resident adults and juveniles age-1 and older, such as preserving dry-season streamflows.
Comparing camera traps and visual encounter surveys for monitoring small animals
Authors: Boynton Madison K. , Toenies Matthew , Cornelius Nicole , Rich Lindsey
Published: August 2021

Amphibian and reptile species face numerous threats including disease, habitat loss and degradation, invasive species, and global climate change. However, effective management and conservation of herpetofauna largely depends upon resource-intensive survey methodologies. Recent research has shown promise in the use of camera trapping techniques, but these methods must be tested alongside traditional methods to fully understand their advantages and disadvantages. To meet this research need, we tested two herpetofauna survey methods: a modified version of the Adapted-Hunt Drift Fence Technique, which combines a drift fence with camera traps; and a traditional method of visual encounter surveys (VES) with cover boards. Between June and August 2020, we conducted two VES and installed one drift fence with camera traps at ten sites in Monterey County, CA, USA. The drift fence/camera setup outperformed the VES in terms of number of observations and herpetofauna species detected. Drift fences with cameras produced a mean of 248 images of three to six species per site, while VES and cover objects produced a mean of 0.6 observations of zero to one species per site. Across all sites, we detected seven reptile and one amphibian species with the drift fence/camera setup, while VES resulted in identifications of two reptile and one amphibian species. In addition, drift fence/camera setups recorded a minimum of nine nonherpetofauna species including small mammals, birds, and invertebrates. Our research supports that drift fences combined with camera traps offer an effective alternative to VES for large-scale, multi-species herpetofauna survey efforts. Furthermore, we suggest specific improvements to enhance this method’s performance, cost-effectiveness, and utility in remote environments. These advances in survey methods hold great promise for aiding efforts to manage and conserve global herpetofauna diversity.
INFLUENCE OF INQUIRY LEARNING METHOD AND SELF-RELIANCE LEARNING ON IPS OUTCOMES IN FOURTH GRADE AT SD NEGERI 060874
Authors: Pasaribu Eka Putri Kartini , Tanjung Samsidar , Hutasuhut Edidon
Published: August 2021

This study aims to find out the use of inquiry learning models and conventional learning models in student IPS learning outcomes, to know the differences in IPS learning outcomes of students who have high learning independence with students who have low learning independence, and to know the interaction between the learning model and the independence of learning to the student's IPS learning outcomes. This research is a quasi-experimental study with the research population is all grade IV students as many as 60 students with samples are all grade IV students (A and B) who take IPS subjects. From the research, it was produced that the inquiry learning model is higher than the use of conventional learning model shown by Fcount = 3.86 > Ftable = 2.77 at a significant level a= 0.05. IPS learning outcomes of students who have higher learning independence than students who have low learning independence indicated by Fcount = 3.74 > Ftable = 2.77 at a significant level a= 0.05. There is an interaction between the learning model and the independence of learning to the student's IPS learning outcomes indicated by Fcount = 3.64 > Ftable = 2.77 at a significant level a= 0.05. The conclusion of this study shows that inquiry learning is better used for students who have high learning independence while conventional learning models are well used for students who have low learning independence in order to have interactions between learning models and self-reliance learning.
ANALYSIS OF BITCOIN'S IMPACT ON USERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE VALUE OF THE RUPIAH AND THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF BITCOIN
Authors: Rianda Cut Nova
Published: August 2021

Bitcoin has a peer to peer system that is in contrast to financial system by eliminating third parties in transactions. Countries in the world have different positions on Bitcoin, there are countries that are accept, reject or not both, so that understanding is needed more in depth to the factors that determine the position of the country above Bitcoin. This study aims to look for the influence of the development of Bitcoin, the performance of fiat money and the governance systems of countries in the world in determining its position on the legality of Bitcoin. Theories and concepts used inside this research is the international financial system and the state management system; with a quantitative approach as well as multinomial logistic regression analysis supported with secondary data. The results of the analysis in this study revealed that of the nine factors affecting the country's top position Bitcoin; it's just that the significance is different. Influencing Factors significant in determining the country's position on Bitcoin are factors political and economic factors have no significant effect. So it can be said that state acceptance of Bitcoin tends to be caused political reasons compared to the economy, even though Bitcoin itself is located on economic aspects. If Bitcoin acceptance is legalized, then the countries in the world still must accompany the role of government because Bitcoin is judged not to have clear rules and potentially detrimental to others.
DEVELOPMENT WRITTEN TEST ASSESSMENT BASED ON INTEGRATED THEMATIC LEARNING FOR V GRADE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rochmiyati Rochmiyati , Aminah Aminah
Published: August 2021

Development Written Test Assessment Based on Integrated Thematic Learning for V Grade Students of Elementary School. This was an integrated learning method for elementary school and to know the difficulty level, differentiation, distract, validity and reliability. The research populations were V grade students of Elementary School, Pringsewu District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. This research used research and development methods adapted with the steps according to Borg & Gall. The data collection tool used questionnaires and tests. Data analysis techniques by expert validation and test instruments were analyzed with validity, reliability, difficulty, differentiation, and distract. The validation assessment results, material and linguistic experts on question instruments were developed very well, and were worthy of use. The results of large-scale test of product development and the results of the instrument  Keywords: assessment, integrated thematic learning, written test.
PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA PEMUDA GBIS KRISTUS PENGHARAPAN MEDAN
Authors: Simanjuntak Novita Hasiani
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 is still a pandemic, and showing an increase globally. Government policies are needed to assist youth in coping with this disaster by implementing effective measures. Thus, counseling is needed for youth to increase knowledge, know how to protect oneself, protect themselves and others in order to achieve preparedness against this disaster.

This Community Service in the form of an outreach entitled "Prevention of Covid-19 on the Youth of GBIS Christ Hope Medan" was carried out online through the zoom cloud meetings application. Participants of the counseling were 23 GBIS Christ Hope Medan Youths.

The technical implementation of this community service consists of opening by the MC, counseling, video playback, presenting posters, demonstrating how to wash hands and wearing masks, as well as a QA session, and finally participants filling out feedback via google form. Participants were very enthusiastic and interested in this extension, this can be seen from the feedback given by extension participants via google form. Most of the extension participants thought this counseling went very well (68.75%), and all participants agreed that this extension was very useful for them, because they got more knowledge about prevention, especially by washing hands properly, and increased endurance.

The first conclusion is that the topic of counseling presented is in accordance with the needs of the extension participants, because Covid-19 is still a disease that has caused a pandemic with a high mortality rate until now. Second, it can invite young people to be able to further improve personal and environmental hygiene and a healthy lifestyle in reducing Covid-19 transmission and implement health protocols issued by the government to tackle the spread of Covid-19.
Understanding Puranic Goddesses of Early Assam
Authors: Gargee Sharmah
Published: August 2021

The Goddess cult had influenced the socio-religious history of early Assam. Assam was under the influence of Tantra before the Puranic tradition reached the region. Female divinities occupied topmost position in Tantricism. Goddess is central to most of the religious beliefs in ancient Assam, specifically among the local tribal cult. Though the early Vedic literature seldom discussed about the female divinities, the author of the Puranas in later period tried to incorporate the regional goddesses to Puranic literature due to their popularity among the local people. The authors of the Puranas tried to spread Brahmonical social order and therefore choose the popular goddesses. Some Mahapuranas and Upa-Puranas richly equipped with Mother cult. This paper intends to discuss the status of some Puranic goddesses of early Assam with the help of sculptural evidences.

Keywords: Goddess, Mahapurana, Upa-Purana, Sculpture, Tantra, Mother cult, Vedic literature
High-resolution land-use land-cover change data for regional climate modelling applications over Europe – Part 1: The plant functional type basemap for 2015
Authors: Reinhart Vanessa , Hoffmann Peter , Rechid Diana , Böhner Jürgen , Bechtel Benjamin
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The concept of plant functional types (PFTs) is shown to be beneficial in representing the complexity of plant characteristics in land use and climate change studies using regional climate models (RCMs). By representing land use and land cover (LULC) as functional traits, responses and effects of specific plant communities can be directly coupled to the lowest atmospheric layers. To meet the requirements of RCMs for realistic LULC distribution, we developed a PFT dataset forEurope (LANDMATE PFT Version 1.0 Reinhart et al., 2021b, ;). The dataset is based on the high-resolution ESA-CCI land cover dataset and is further improved through the the additional use of climate information. Within the LANDMATE PFT dataset, satellite-based LULC information and climate data are combined to achieve the best possible representation of the diverse plant communities and their functions in the respective regional ecosystems while keeping the dataset most flexible for application in RCMs. Each LULC class of ESA-CCI is translated into PFT or PFT fractions including climate information by using the Holdridge Life Zone concept. Through the consideration of regional climate data, the resulting PFT map for Europe is regionally customized. A thorough evaluation of the LANDMATE PFT dataset is done using a comprehensive ground truth database over the European Continent. A suitable evaluation method has been developed and applied to assess the quality of thenew PFT dataset. The assessment shows that the dominant LULC groups, cropland and woodland, are well represented within the dataset while uncertainties are found for some less represented LULC groups. The LANDMATE PFT dataset provides a realistic, high-resolution LULC distribution for implementation in RCMs and is used as basis for the LUCAS LUC dataset introduced in the companion paper by Hoffmann et al. (submitted) which is available for use as LULC change input for RCM experiment setups focused on investigating LULC change impact.
High-resolution land-use land-cover change data for regional climate modelling applications over Europe – Part 2: Historical and future changes
Authors: Hoffmann Peter , Reinhart Vanessa , Rechid Diana , de Noblet-Ducoudré Nathalie , Davin Edouard L. , Asmus Christina , Bechtel Benjamin , Böhner Jürgen , Katragkou Eleni , Luyssaert Sebastiaan
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Anthropogenic land-use and land cover change (LULCC) is a major driver of environmental changes. The biophysical impacts of these changes on the regional climate in Europe are currently extensively investigated within the WCRP CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study (FPS) LUCAS – "Land Use and Climate Across Scales" using an ensemble of different Regional Climate Models (RCMs) coupled with diverse Land Surface Models (LSMs). In order to investigate the impact of realistic LULCC on past and future climates, high-resolution datasets with observed LULCC and projected future LULCC scenarios are required as input for the RCM-LSM simulations. To account for these needs, we generated the LUCAS LUC Version 1.0 at 0.1° resolution for Europe Hoffmann et al. (2021b,c). The plant functional type distribution for the year 2015 (i.e. LANDMATE PFT dataset) is derived from the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Land Cover (ESA-CCI LC) dataset. Details about the conversion method based on a cross-walking procedure and the evaluation of the LANDMATE PFT dataset are given in the companion paper by Reinhart et al. (submitted). Subsequently, we applied the land-use change information from the Land-Use Harmonization 2 (LUH2) dataset, provided at 0.25° resolution as input for CMIP6 experiments, to derive realistic LULC distribution at high spatial resolution and at annual timesteps from 1950 to 2100. In order to convert land use and land management change information from LUH2 into changes in the PFT distribution, we developed a Land Use Translator (LUT) specific to the needs of RCMs. The annual PFT maps for Europe for the period 1950 to 2015 are derived from the historical LUH2 dataset by applying the LUT backward from 2015 to 1950. Historical changes in the forest type changes are considered using an additional European forest species dataset. The historical changes in the PFT distribution of LUCAS LUC follow closely the land use changes given by LUH2 but differ in some regions compared to remotely-sensed PFT time series. From 2016 onward, annual PFT maps for future land use change scenarios based on LUH2 are derived for different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) combinations used in the framework of the Coupled Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The resulting LULCC maps can be applied as land use forcing to the next generation of RCM simulations for downscaling of CMIP6 results. The newly developed LUT is transferable to other CORDEX regions world-wide.
MULTI-TASK LEARNING FROM FIXED-WING UAV IMAGES FOR 2D/3D CITY MODELLING
Authors: Bayanlou M. R. , Khoshboresh-Masouleh M.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Single-task learning in artificial neural networks will be able to learn the model very well, and the benefits brought by transferring knowledge thus become limited. In this regard, when the number of tasks increases (e.g., semantic segmentation, panoptic segmentation, monocular depth estimation, and 3D point cloud), duplicate information may exist across tasks, and the improvement becomes less significant. Multi-task learning has emerged as a solution to knowledge-transfer issues and is an approach to scene understanding which involves multiple related tasks each with potentially limited training data. Multi-task learning improves generalization by leveraging the domain-specific information contained in the training data of related tasks. In urban management applications such as infrastructure development, traffic monitoring, smart 3D cities, and change detection, automated multi-task data analysis for scene understanding based on the semantic, instance, and panoptic annotation, as well as monocular depth estimation, is required to generate precise urban models. In this study, a common framework for the performance assessment of multi-task learning methods from fixed-wing UAV images for 2D/3D city modelling is presented.
الاحتلال الإيطالي لليبيا وقانون حماية الآثار
Authors: البغدادي يوسف صالح عبد السلام
Published: August 2021

دخلت إيطاليا طرابلس الغرب وهي متأخرة عن الركب الحضاري بمسافات بعيدة، وكانت هذه إحدى حججها التي غزت بها البلاد، لم يتقبل السكان ذلك فقاوموا الاحتلال سنوات طويلة. وبالتزامن مع العمليات الحربية باشر الايطاليون العمل على اكتشاف الآثار، فحجتهم الثانية لتبرير الاحتلال كانت إعادة إحياء الإمبراطورية الرومانية الذين هم ورثتها كما يدعون؛ وذلك من خلال استعمار البلدان التي خضعت في الماضي لروما وخلفت فيها آثارها ومبانيها المهدمة، فبدأوا التنقيب مبكرا، فاكتشفوا العديد من الكنوز المخبأة، والآثار القيمة، ثم بدا لهم أن ينظموا عملية التعامل مع الآثار، خوفا من التنقيب الجائر والسرقة، فأصدرت السلطات الاستعمارية، مرسوما ملكيا سنة 1914، لتقنين التعامل مع الآثار، لكنه لم يكن قانونا متكاملا بالمعنى المتعارف عليه وفقا للتشريعات الحديثة، فقد وضع على عجل لتضع الدولة يدها على كافة آثار المستعمَرة.
Konsep Pemilihan Pemimpin Dalam Persfektif Konstitusi Indonesia dan Islam
Authors: Rohman Abdul
Published: August 2021

Pemimpin menempati posisi penting karena memegang kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan hajat hidup orang banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas konsep pemilihan pemimpin dalam persfektif konstitusi Indonesia dan Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dari studi pustaka dikumpulkan dan dianalisis guna mendapatkan gambaran yang paling mendekati kebenaran. Hasil penelitian ini diantaranya: (1) Semua warga negara Indonesia dijamin hak untuk memilih berdasarkan hati nuraninya oleh konstritusi, melalui pemilu yang berasaskan LUBER dan JURDIL; (2) Islam sangat menekankan pada pemeluk agamanya untuk memilih pemimpin dari kalangan muslim. Meskipun pendapat Al-Mawardi membolehkan memilih non muslim dengan syarat bukan pemimpin eksekutif, legislatif, dan yudikatif (pusat), namun al-Qur’an dan Hadits lebih menguatkan akan keharusan bagi setiap yang beragama Islam memilih pemimpinnya sesama-sama seakidah (muslim). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan prinsipal pada konsep pemilihan pemimpin dalam perspektif konstitusi Indonesia
Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair—TAPP versus TEP: Results of 301 Consecutive Patients
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital  University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, Goksoy Beslen , Yilmaz Gokhan ,   Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey, Azamat Ibrahim ,   Department of General Surgery, Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital  University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, Ozata Ibrahim ,   Department of General Surgery, Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital  University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, Duman Kazim ,   Department of General Surgery, Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital  University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair are the two most commonly used techniques in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, and the results of comparative studies are conflicting. The objective of this study is to compare the two methods in unilateral inguinal hernia repair. Materials and Methods: The data of consecutive patients who underwent TEP and TAPP due to unilateral inguinal hernia between December 7, 2017, and March 15, 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome was to compare the clinical outcomes of the two techniques in terms of complications, conversion, pain, and operative time. The secondary outcome was recurrence rates. Results: A total of 301 (TEP n=234, TAPP n=67) patients were included in the study. The mean age was 43 years, and the follow-up period was two years. The groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics and hernia type. The mean operative time was longer in the TAPP group than in the TEP group (67 min and 58 min, p=0.007). The recurrence rate was 4.3% in the TEP group and 5.9% in the TAPP group (p>0.05). The conversion rate was 6% in both groups. In total, 19 (6.3%) patients had intraoperative complications (TEP n=16, TAPP n=3), and 23 (7.6%) patients had postoperative complications (TEP n=16, TAPP n=7). Both intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were similar between the groups (p=0.31 and p=0.051, respectively). The early postoperative pain was less in the TEP group (p=0.004). Conclusion: Less early postoperative pain and shorter operative time were detected in patients who underwent TEP.
Diyarbakır’da Yaşayan Suriyeli ve Türkiyeli Çocuklarda Fonksiyonel Gündüz İnkontinans Sıklığının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Asena Muhammet , Öztaş Tülin
Published: August 2021

Objective: Functional daytime incontinence is one of the common urological problems in children. Its etiology is multifactorial and environmental factors and emotional events increase the frequency of incontinence.The objective of this study is to compare the frequency of functional daytime incontinence among Syrian children who were exposed to stressful experiences and Turkish pirmary school children. Method: In study, the sociodemographic data of children between the ages of 6 and 10 who came to pediatric surgery and child health clinics of our hospital between September 2017 and August 2019 were analyzed. A total of 332 Syrian and 341 Turkish children were included in the study. Data collection forms consisting of three sections were created. In the first section, age, gender, height, weight, maternal education level, functional constipation were evaluated. In the second section the depression scale for children was used to evaluate the psychological state of children. In the third section, lower urinary tract symptoms and presence of incontinence in the family were questioned. Families were contacted by phone by two nurses, and one translator independent of the study and data collection forms were filled. Results: The frequency of functional daytime incontinence in Syrian and Turkish children were 6.6% and 5.2% respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the Syrian and Turkish children in terms of functinal daytime incontinence (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences were not detected among daytime incontinence gender, scores of depression scale for children, body mass index, maternal education level (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences were found among functional daytime incontinence and positive family hisftory, enuresis nocturna, and functional constipation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Syrian migrant and Turkish children showed no differences in terms of the frequency of functional daytime incontinence.
Treatment of Antenatally Diagnosed Fetal Ovarian Cysts: A Case Report
Authors: Baltrak Yusuf Atakan , Söğüt Seniha Esin , Varlıklı Onursal
Published: August 2021

Fetal ovarian cysts (FOC) are the most common intra-abdominal masses during fetal ultrasonography performed on the fetus. With conservative follow-up after detection, it is usually seen that it shrinks and disappears within a few months after birth without any procedure. Although the earliest period in which FOC can be detected is reported as the 19th gestational week, most FOCs are diagnosed at 28th gestational week. FOCs that do not shrink during follow-up and have a cyst appearance complicated by imaging tests may cause ovarian torsion, ovarian loss and infertility. In this study, it is aimed to discuss FOC diagnosis and treatment methods according to the current literature in the light of case reports.
A Analisis faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan UMKM
Authors: Wibawa Herry Wira , Ali Hendry Muhammad , Paryanti Atik Budi
Published: August 2021

Dunia bisnis semakin lama semakin berkembang dan semakin banyak pesaing yang tidak dapat dihindari. Adanya persaingan membuat perusahaan dihadapkan pada berbagai peluang dan ancaman baik dari dalam negeri atau luar negeri. Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) merupakan segmen terbesar bagi pelaku ekonomi nasional. Pelaku UMKM dapat membantu pemerintah untuk mengurangi jumlah pengangguran. Sehingga di Indonesia usaha mikro kecil dan menengah sering dikaitkan dengan upaya pemerintah dalam mengurangi pengangguran, memerangi kemiskinan, dan pemerataan pendapatan. Banyak produk yang dihasilkan UMKM dapat bersaing di pasar domestik hingga dapat menembus dan bersaing di pasar internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer, model dan teknik analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan pendekatan residual, adapun variabel yang diteliti adalah Modal, Sumber daya manusia, Kemitraan, Kebijakan Pemerintah, Kinerja Keuangan. Hasil penelitian pada variabel modal dan kebijakan pemerintah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM, sedangkan variabel kemitraan dan sumber daya manusia berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM.
Correlation between Immature Platelet Fraction and Platelet Aggregation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cardiovascular Complications
Authors: Anindita Amanah , Lindarto Dharma , Hariman Herman
Published: August 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and atherothrombosis is a common complication of diabetes. There are several markers that can be used to see and monitor changes in the thrombosis and coagulation processes in DM patients, including the platelet index, platelet aggregation and D-dimer. To determine the correlation between immature platelet fraction with platelet aggregation in type 2 diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular complications. This study used a cross-sectional design. A total of 30 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular complications will be tested for IPF and Platelet aggregation. Of the 30 patients, the mean IPF was 5.83 ± 1.55 %. From the analysis of Correlation found a significant relationship between the value of IPF with Platelet aggregation on ADP 5 μM and ADP 10 μM (r = 0.68; p <0.05), (r = 0.73; p <0.05) in type 2 DM patients with cardiovascular complications. In type-2 diabetes mellitus, there is a decrease in platelet life time and increased platelet turnover resulting immature platelets that are more reactive, where it will be easier for atherothrombosis. Platelet aggregation is a process where platelets adhere to each other at the site of vascular injury, which serves for the formation of a hemostatic plug and thrombosis. There is a significant correlation between the value of IPF with platelet aggregation in patients with type 2 diabetes with cardiovascular complications.

Keywords: IPF, Platelet Aggregation, Type-2 DM.
Comparison of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Value in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Patients with Normal Persons
Authors: Yunita Marhani , Hariman Herman
Published: August 2021

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a complex clinical symptom that is often characterized by structural abnormalities or cardiac dysfunction that impairs the ability of the left ventricle (LV) to fill or pump blood, especially during physical activity. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a simple, fast, inexpensive and direct hematological parameter, which reflects the level of anisocytosis in vivo. The association between impaired hematopoiesis and cardiac dysfunction is based on the fact that many different conditions are associated with increased heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume, which can be concurrently present in patients with heart failure, while anisocytosis can also directly contribute to the development and worsening of heart failure. This study aims to provide a comparison of RDW values between CHF patients and normal people. This study uses a case control study design where as many as 20 people with CHF will be compared their RDW values with 20 normal people. From a total of 40 patients, the average RDW value in CHF patients was 17.7±2.4 higher than the average RDW value for normal people was 12.6±0.4 and from the results of statistical analysis using the Independent Student t test obtained p value <0.001. There is a significant difference between the RDW values of CHF patients compared to normal people.

Keywords: Congestive Heart Failure, CHF, Red Cell Distribution Width, RDW.
Effect of Oromotor Stimulation on Sucking and Feeding Performance of Preterm Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Care Unit of Selected Hospital, West Bengal
Authors: Roy Ishika , Jana Manasi
Published: August 2021

Feeding problem remains a common problem among preterm neonates. An experimental study was undertaken to assess the effect of oromotor stimulation on feeding and sucking performance of preterm neonates admitted in selected hospital, west Bengal. Quasi experimental time series design was adopted. From the population of preterm neonates 60 samples (30 in experimental group and 30 in control group) were selected by non-probability purposive sampling. After selection, initially the baseline data was collected using a record analysis proforma. On the 1st day sucking and feeding performance scoring was done before giving the oromotor stimulation to ascertain the homogeneity of the experimental and control group. After that in two consecutive feeding, oromotor stimulation was given to the neonates in experimental group before 15 minutes of the feeding. The intervention was given to the neonates in experimental group for the next two days, twice only in two consecutive feeding. Neonates in control group received routine care. Sucking and feeding performance scoring was done in both groups using a standardized non-nutritive sucking scoring scale and a validated and reliable early feeding performance scale. The result showed that there is significant difference in sucking performance (t=3.60, p<0.05) and feeding performance (t=3.78, p<0.05) among experimental and control group in final observation. It can be concluded that oromotor stimulation is effective to improve the feeding and sucking abilities of preterm neonates. In the neonatal care units, nurses can provide oromotor stimulation to improve feeding and sucking abilities of the preterm neonates.

Keywords: Feeding, Sucking, Performance, Preterm, Oromotor stimulation, Neonates, Preterm neonates.
Analysis of EU Quality Norms for Organic Products
Authors: Doan Khoi Le Nguyen
Published: August 2021

The implementation of organic farming for smallholder will most likely not occur on their initiative. If one wants to implement organic farming for smallholders there needs to be a strong governing organization. An aid factor is needed to make the cooperation with smallholders feasible. The project then could start with a cluster of smallholders with a suitable location for the outbound logistics and an appropriate educational level for further development of the quality management system. There is an EU-regulation for the quality norms of organic products. Different certifications schemes and organizations will be presented relevant for the organic products. This paper presented the analysis of EU quality norms for organic products.

Keywords: organic products, EU quality norms, certifications.
Risk Management Application for Business Startups"Jamu Partnership" in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Andhika , Indradewa Rhian , Rahmat Syah Tantri Yanuar
Published: August 2021

Background – Awareness of a healthy lifestyle and thinking back to nature makes society in Indonesia choose jamu as their daily routine drink. Jamu itself is a term for natural traditional medicine from Indonesia. Unfortunately the types of jamu products are still very limited in variants, have a bitter taste and difficult to find in modern places such as cafes. Currently the Indonesian government provides support in health and fitness tourism business activities in the form of jamu cafes. In addition, the community's desire for entrepreneurship through SMEs is also very large. This is a potential opportunity for startup companies in the field of jamu partnerships (business opportunity). Besides that, risks in this startup business also need to be identified, analyzed and treatment.
Method – Using the ISO 31000:2018 risk management approach.
Result – This analysis help jamu startup companies (business opportunity) in making the right decisions to mitigate risks, so that the business can be sustainable.

Keywords: Risk Management, Startups, Jamu Partnership, Business Opportunity, Indonesia.
Association between VEGF -2578 C> A Polymorphism with VEGF Serum Levels in Gastritis with Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Monica Tara Rizvira , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Sungkar Taufik
Published: August 2021

Mucosal damage in people with gastritis causes the production of VEGF. VEGF is a neoangiogenesis function to repair damaged tissue. Excess production can cause cancer risk. VEGF genotype polymorphisms are thought to affect the production of serum VEGF levels. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between VEGF - 2578 C> A polymorphism and serum VEGF levels in H. pylori gastritis.
Method: cross-sectional study was conducted at H. Adam Malik General Hospital and Network Hospital with 100 samples. Endoscopic examination was performed to assess the gastric mucosa and a tissue biopsy was performed. The urea breath test (UBT) test and the Campylobacter like organism (CLO) test to determine H. pylori infection. VEGF - 2578 C> A was checked by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The data will be analyzed by univariate and bivariate.
Result: One hundred people with gastritis, of which 59 people were infected with H. pylori. In this study, H. pylori infection did not have a significant relationship with VEGF levels. VEGF - 2578 C> A polymorphisms also had no relationship to serum VEGF levels.
Conclusion: There is no correlation between VEGF - 2578 C> A polymorphism with VEGF serum levels (p> 0.05).

Keywords: VEGF polymorphisms, VEGF - 2578 CA, H. pylori, Gastritis.
Applicability of Moyers’ Prediction Table in Orthodontic Patients Reporting to KCD Peshawar Population
Authors: Bano Saira , Ahmed Asma , Ali Farhad , Afzal Sana , Rasool Ghulam
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The aim behind this research, is to determine the applicability of Moyers’ table in Peshawar population.Materials and Methods: A total 100 patients’ casts how had complete details in their files, who were Pakistani nationals, having complete set of permanent teeth upto 1st molar, no proximal restorations and caries were included. Patients having dentalanomalies, previous orthodontic treatment, craniomandibular dysfunctions, attritions of teeth and Syndromes were excluded.The mesiodistal widths of the maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines, first and second premolars were measured using digital calipers. The predicted total, of the mesiodistal diameters of the canines and premolars, was evaluated from the Moyers tables at 75%. Pearson's correlation test was applied, to determine the relationship between the total sum of the actualwidth of the canines and premolars and the sum of the predicted width of the canines and premolars from the Moyers table.Analysis was performed by SPSS version 20.0.Results: Most of participants were females 63(63%) as compared to males 37(37%). In maxilla the mean actual (23.76mm) andpredicted mesiodistal width(22.76mm) of cupids and bicuspids were close to each other. But the correlation between actual and predicted mesiodistal width of cupids and bicuspids in maxilla was weak. It was weak in female (r=0.156). In mandible for male the   correlation was positive as well (r=0.8130) but it was weak for females (r=0.334). moderate correlation was found for overall .Conclusion: Moyer's prediction table is not a very precise method for estimating tooth dimensions in a Peshawar-based sample.
The Detrimental Impact of Smoking on Periodontal Health: A Comparative Study
Authors: Butt Hira , Waheed Zainab , Zahra Mashal , Fatimah Emaan , Zirgham Ul Haq Muhammad , Nauman Khan Amna , Rauf Khan Nauman , Shah Muttahid
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the detrimental impact of smoking on oral health.Methodology: A Cross sectional comparative study was carried out on 100 patients, 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers, visitingSharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore from June 2019 to July 2020. Intra-oral examination was done using the CommunityPeriodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Recorded data was coded, entered and analyzed using SPSS statistical Packageversion 23.ResultsThe periodontal health was significantly associated with status of smoking (p=0.001). The most prevalent periodontal problemsof smokers were periodontal pockets of 4 to 5 mm (19%) while the least (4%) had bleeding on probing. Majority of the nonsmokers(32%) had bleeding on probing. The number of cigarettes smoked in a day and periodontal health status weresignificantly associated (p=0.004). Light smokers (1 to 10 cigarettes/day) had periodontal pockets of 4 to 5mm as their biggestperiodontal problems (38%) while the least (8%) had bleeding on probing. The periodontal problem that intermittent smokers(11 to 15 cigarettes/day) predominantly had was periodontal pockets of 6 mm or more (8%) and same was the case with heavysmokers (2%).Conclusion: The main periodontal problem of smokers was periodontal pockets of 4 to 5 mm while the least was bleeding onprobing. Most of the non-smokers had bleeding on probing while none of the non-smokers had periodontal pockets. Lightsmokers (1 to 10 cigarettes/day) mainly had periodontal pockets of 4 to 5mm as their main concern. The periodontal problemthat intermittent and heavy smokers mainly had were periodontal pockets of 6 mm or more.
Achiziții lexicale „ultrarecente” pentru vocabularul limbii române
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Vulpe Ana
Published: August 2021

In certain periods, the language renewals occur unimaginably fast. The avalanche of new words and meanings attested in the press of recent years (and especially in the previous year, marked globally negative by the COVID-19 pandemic) constituted an additional pretext for us to deal insistently specially with this segment of language. Thus, in the present study we tried, following a careful analysis of the mass media language (including online), an update of the lexical system dynamics, inventorying and defining phrases, words and meanings recently entered in the use of Romanian speakers (the so-called ultra-recent lexical acquisitions), unregistered in dictionaries. It is, for the time being, a primary fixation of them, a semantization and a definition that, possibly, allows interpretations by specialists in the field, in one word, without claiming that the lexicographic material presented already has an absolutely normative character.