bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Diferensiasi Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Baca, Tulis Dan Numerasi Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Kurniasih Enok Siti , Priyanti Nita
Published: June 2024

Seringkali terjadi masalah dalam sistem pembelajaran PAUD. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan cenderung tidak berdiferensiasi atau tidak mempertimbangkan perbedaan individual anak-anak. Pembelajaran yang berdiferensiasi memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan pencapaian perkembangan anak, khususnya dengan kemampuan literasi baca, tulis, dan numerasi pada anak. Ketika pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dapat diimplementasikan dengan baik, akan ada pengakuan dan pemberian perhatian terhadap perbedaan individu di antara anak-anak. Hal ini memungkinkan guru untuk merespons kebutuhan dan karakteristik belajar setiap anak secara khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh pembelajaran dengan pendekatan diferensiasi terhadap kemampuan literasi baca, tulis, dan numerasi pada anak usia dini kelompok B di TK Plus Baetussalam Garut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Responden terdiri dari 18 anak usia dini kelompok B. Data diambil dengan angket pembelajaran pendekatan diferensiasi dan kemampuan literasi baca, tulis, dan numerasi setelah intervensi. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi sederhana, nilai signifikansi <0,05, sehingga hipotesis diterima, yaitu ada pengaruh positif pembelajaran pendekatan diferensiasi terhadap kemampuan literasi baca dan tulis siswa. Anak-anak yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan diferensiasi mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan literasi baca, tulis, dan numerasi dengan nilai regresi Y=16.331+0,259X. Pendekatan diferensiasi dalam pembelajaran memungkinkan guru untuk memenuhi kebutuhan individual setiap anak dalam kelas. Dengan memperhatikan gaya belajar, minat, dan tingkat perkembangan anak, guru dapat menyusun strategi pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk masing-masing individu. Hal ini menciptakan lingkungan yang inklusif dan memberikan peluang yang lebih besar bagi setiap anak untuk mencapai potensinya secara optimal. Selain itu, pembelajaran dengan pendekatan diferensiasi juga meningkatkan motivasi dan partisipasi aktif anak-anak dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan temuan ini, disarankan agar pendekatan diferensiasi diterapkan secara lebih luas dalam pembelajaran anak usia dini. Guru dan pendidik harus dilengkapi dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang diperlukan untuk mengadopsi pendekatan ini secara efektif.
Pengaruh Metode Story telling Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menggunakan Media Wayang Terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Usia 5-6Tahun di Tk Labora Islam Desa Mandalo Indah
Authors: Finarsih Finarsih , Anggereini Evita , Utami Winda Sherly
Published: June 2024

Kemampuan berbicara ini merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam perkembangan anak dari awal sampai akhir, dimana kemampuan berbicara anak ini dapat di kembangkan melalui metode Story Telling Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menggunakan Media Wayang Terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Anak. Maka dari itu Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengaruh Metode Story Telling Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menggunakan Media Wayang Terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Labora Islam Desa Mandalo Indah”. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan 3 april sampai 30 mei 2023 Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan desain  nonequivalent control group desain, instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh metode story telling berbasis kearifan lokal menggunakan media wayang terhadap kemampuan berbicara anak usia 5-6 tahun di tk labora islam desa mandala indah.  Hasil data uji t menunjukkan pengambilan keputusan nilai, yaitu t hitung  2.109 dan untuk t table, yaitu 1,710 yang artinya t hitung lebih besar > dari t table,  maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, sehingga  yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh metode story telling berbasis kearifan lokal menggunakan media wayang terhadap kemampuan berbicara anak.
Rancang Bangun Seismometer 3 Komponen Berbasis Arduino Uno serta GUI yang Berbasis Python
Authors: Sukri Muh. Riswan Anas , Yolanda Swenly , Viorensi Hedwig Inggrid
Published: June 2024

Batuan yang terus-menerus ditekan akhirnya akan mengalami patah, terutama jika batas kemampuan batuan untuk menahan tekanan telah terlampaui. Patahan tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu pemicu terjadinya gempa bumi. Gempa bumi adalah getaran dalam bumi yang timbul karena pelepasan secara mendadak energi yang terakumulasi dalam batuan yang mengalami deformasi. Untuk mengurangi konsekuensi bencana yang diakibatkan oleh gempa bumi, diperlukan sistem peringatan dini gempa bumi yang terintegrasi.  Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan utama menciptakan seismometer yang ekonomis, efektif, dan portabel. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga berfokus pada pengembangan GUI berbasis python untuk menampilkan grafik tiga komponen seismometer secara real-time. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahap, meliputi desain perancangan, persiapan peralatan dan komponen, pembuatan perangkat, pemrograman perangkat dengan Arduino IDE, serta pembuatan Graphical User Interface (GUI) menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Python. Seismometer yang dibangun ini mendeteksi gempa bumi dengan sensor ADXL335 yang dipasang pada sistem mikrokontroler Arduino Uno. ADXL335 adalah sistem pengukuran percepatan triaxial. Sensor ini memiliki bandwith frekuensi yang dapat disesuaikan yang mencakup 0,5 Hz hingga 1.600 Hz untuk sumbu X dan Y, dan 0,5 Hz hingga 550 Hz untuk sumbu Z. Jika mendeteksi getaran dengan amplitudo dan energi yang tinggi, alat ini dapat memberikan peringatan berupa alarm. Untuk memantau data gelombang dari ketiga komponen secara real-time, perangkat ini sudah terintegrasi dengan GUI berbasis Python. Sensor akan menghasilkan nilai ADC yang tinggi saat gelombang atau gempa dengan amplitudo besar terjadi. Grafik menunjukkan gelombang amplitudo besar yang menunjukkan gempa bumi. Berdasarkan perbandingan dengan aplikasi Vibrometer pada sumbu X memiliki galat rata-rata 0.0518, pada sumbu Y memiliki galat rata-rata 0.049 serta pada sumbu Z memiliki galat rata-rata sebesar 0.093.
Gambaran Histopatologi Kulit Ikan Kerapu Cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) yang Terinfestasi Zeylanicobdella arugamensis Setelah Perendaman Menggunakan Perasan Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya)
Authors: Putra Bernathdo Mahendra Robbi , Mahasri Gunanti , Sulmartiwi Laksmi
Published: June 2024

Increasing cultivation activities and intensifying ponds has the potential to give rise to problems, namely increasing cases of disease in grouper fish, namely Zeylanicobdella, causing mass deaths of up to 100%. This study aims to analyze the histopathological picture of grouper skin infested with Zeylanicobdella arugamensis after administering papaya leaf juice with different soaking times and concentrations of papaya leaf juice. The method used was experimental Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors, namely factor A, different concentrations of papaya leaf juice consisting of 0% (A1), 0.1% (A2), 0.3% (A3) , and 0.5% (A4), as well as factor B for grouper rearing time consisting of the 0th minute (B1), 60th minute (B2), and 120th minute (B3) with five repetitions. The results of the study showed that the soaking time of papaya leaf juice in grouper fish had an effect on reducing the degree of Zeylanicobdella infestation, there were changes in the histopathological picture and water quality values before and after soaking. Treatments A2, A3, and A4 experienced a decrease in the degree of ectoparasite infestation at 60 and 120 minutes of immersion. The histopathological scoring values for treatments A2, A3, and A4 decreased at 60 and 120 minutes of maintenance. The best treatment combination was 0, 3% and soaking time at 120 minutes. In conclusion, giving papaya leaf juice with a soaking time of 120 minutes with a concentration of 0.3% can reduce the degree of infestation and the histopathological scoring value of Zeylanicobdella in grouper fish.
The Essential Competencies in Education: An Article Content Review
Authors: Prayogi Saiful , Asy'ari Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This article conducts a comprehensive content review of 20 scholarly articles published in the International Journal of Essential Competencies in Education (IJECE) between June 2022 and December 2023, focusing on the evolving landscape of essential competencies in education. Grounded in the context of Agenda 2030 and Sustainable Development Goal 4, emphasizing inclusive and equitable quality education, the study investigates the temporal evolution, emerging themes, key findings, and global perspectives within the realm of essential competencies. The content analysis reveals a dynamic shift in research themes, marked by transitioning from traditional pedagogies to innovative, technology-integrated teaching models. Authors from diverse geographical backgrounds collaborate to contribute to the discourse, emphasizing the universal relevance of essential competencies in diverse educational contexts. The emergent themes from article titles showcase a multidimensional understanding of competencies, with a particular focus on STEM disciplines and the integration of advanced teaching methodologies. Study highlights consistently underscore the positive impact of technology integration on competency development, emphasizing the transformative potential of active, student-centered approaches. The findings and implications presented contribute to the ongoing dialogue on preparing individuals for success in the 21st century, providing educators, policymakers, and researchers with valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of essential competencies in education. The collaborative and global nature of research in this field highlights the need for adaptable frameworks and strategies encompassing diverse educational landscapes.
1923-1945 YILLARI ARASI TÜRKİYE’DE ALMAN KÜLTÜR POLİTİKALARI VE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Şentürk Yiğit Ayşegül
Published: June 2024

II. Abdülhamit döneminde gelişmeye başlayan Türk-Alman ilişkileri Bağdat demiryolu projesi ile ekonomik anlamda artarken, uzmanların barışçı nüfuz siyaseti olarak ifade ettikleri politikayla Almanya, Osmanlı topraklarında birçok imtiyaz elde etmiştir. I. Dünya Savaşında müttefik olan Almanya ve Osmanlı Devleti bu savaşı kaybetmiş, Osmanlı Devleti yıkılarak yeni adı ve rejimiyle Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kurulmuştur. Türkiye ve Almanya arasında ilişkiler 1924 Antlaşması ile tekrar başlamış, Alman nüfuzu kısa sürede Türkiye’de I. Dünya savaşı öncesi konumuna ulaşmıştır. İki dünya savaşı arası yıllarda otoriter ve faşist rejimlerin benimsediği propaganda faaliyetlerinden Türkiye’de nasibini almış, başta iktisadi olmak üzere siyasi ve kültürel Alman nüfuzu tüm Türk kurumlarında etkili olmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada 1923-1945 yılları arası iki ülke ilişkilerinin temel karakteri ile ilgili bulgulara ulaşılmaya çalışılmış ve Türkiye’deki Alman kültür etkisi ele alınmıştır.
PEMBUATAN AKUN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI PRODUK PADA KELOMPOK WIRAUSAHA PEMUDA BULU BATU
Authors: Amelina Asmilia , Kamariah Najmi
Published: June 2024

Promosi menjadi sebuah strategi yang dilakukan untuk memberi informasi dan mempengaruhi target konsumen agar membeli produk yang ditawarkan. Tujuan pertama promosi merupakan kegiatan memberi informasi, menarik perhatian yang selanjutnya memberi pengaruh dengan tujuan meningkatkan penjualan. Kemunculan media sosial menjadi salah satu media penyebaran informasi, sehingga media sosial kini juga telah menjadi media promosi efektif yang digunakan. Hampir di semua platform media sosial dapat ditemukan aktivitas promosi produk yang dikemas dalam iklan yang menarik. Namun masalah utama bagi UMKM dalam menjalankan usaha menggunakan teknologi digital adalah kurangnya pengetahuan lebih tentang digital marketing. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, KWP Bulu Batu membutuhkan akun media sosial sebagai media promosi agar pengetahuan terhadap produk yang ditawarkan dapat diketahui oleh lebih banyak orang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah, untuk membuat akun media sosial sebagai media promosi produk pada KWP Bulu Batu guna menyebarluaskan pengetahuan tentang produk yang dimilikinya. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, penelitian ini dilakukan dilaksanakan di Kelompok Wirausaha Pemuda (KWP) Bulu Batu yang terletak di Bulu Batu desa Umpungeng Kecamatan Marioriwawo Kabupaten Soppeng Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan kuesioner dilakukan untuk pengumpulan data yang dibutuhkan. Output dari penelitian ini berupa akun Instagram dengan nama @sarabba__instan dengan konten berjumlah 12 postingan. Evaluasi dilakukan berdasarkan data yang didapat dari kuesioner serta data perubahan penjualan perbulan. Dari memanfaatkan media sosial Instagram sebagai media promosi, diharapkan dapat memberi pengetahuan yang berguna bagi publik dengan membaca ataupun hanya sekedar melihatnya.
DIGITALISASI LAYANAN SURAT KETERANGAN PADA DESA LIU KABUPATEN WAJO
Authors: Faisal Baso , Sahar Nurman
Published: June 2024

Pemberian layanan surat keterangan untuk keperluan masyarakat di Desa Liu saat ini masih mengandalkan pembuatan surat keterangan yang bersifat manual. Masyarakat yang ingin membuat surat keterangan harus datang secara langsung di kantor desa dengan membawa persyaratan administrasi berupa fotokopi kartu keluarga ataupun kartu tanda penduduk. Pemberian layanan surat keterangan yang dilakukan secara manual ini memerlukan waktu yang lama karena sering terjadi kesalahan dalam membawa persyaratan administrasi, selain itu juga sering terjadi kendala teknis dalam proses pemberian layanan surat keterangan. Hal ini menyebabkan belum terealisasinya pelayanan yang mudah dan cepat, sesuai dengan (Undang - Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pelayanan Publik, 2009). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan digitalisasi sistem pembuatan surat keterangan berupa aplikasi SI-SUKET (Sistem Informasi Surat Keterangan) yang berbasis web dan juga android. Pada penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif . Proses pengumpulan data yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk membatu aparat desa dalam memberikan layanan pembuatan surat keterangan pada Desa Liu Kecamatan Majauleng Kabupaten Wajo.
Penile Skin Bridge: Uncommon Cause of Painful Spontaneous Erection in Young Males
Authors: Takure A.O.
Published: June 2024

Erection is a neurovascular response to visual, emotional, and tactile stimuli. It is classified as psychogenic, reflexogenic, and nocturnal. The causes of painful erections are Peyronie’s disease, penile fracture, penile tumours, penile lichen sclerosis, and a rare disorder called sleep-related painful erection syndrome. Here, the authors report six cases of painful spontaneous erection due to penile skin bridges in young males, seen between 2021–2023. They analysed the age, clinical features, treatment offered, and outcome at 3 months post-surgery. Patients’ mean age was 20.5 years (range: 13–35 years), and the haemoglobin genotype was AA. Two males had associated yellowish discharges under the skin bridges. They all had excision of the skin bridges with satisfactory post-operative appearance, and no pain with erection. Penile skin bridge is an uncommon cause of painful penile erection, and the authors recommend that all general practitioners be aware of this entity, and keep it in mind during a thorough physical examination.
Fever, Sore Throat, and Abdominal Pain – Connecting the Dots to a ‘Forgotten’ Disease: A Case Report of Atypical Lemierre’s Syndrome
Authors: Yasmin Taniya , Glazer Sara , Chen Breanna A. , Abdulsatar Farah
Published: June 2024

Lemierre’s syndrome (LS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition resulting from oropharyngeal infections. It is characterised by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and disseminated metastatic abscesses. However, atypical presentations with unusual sites of thrombosis and spread have been reported. The authors present a case of LS with an atypical presentation in a previously healthy 17-year-old male. This case highlights the need for a high level of suspicion, and comprehensive investigation in cases of unexplained sepsis following oropharyngeal infections, as LS can have atypical presentations and potentially life-threatening complications. The traditional definition of LS may need to be re-evaluated in light of such atypical manifestations.
MOFs for next-generation cancer therapeutics through a biophysical approach—a review
Authors: Shano Leon Bernet , Karthikeyan Subramani , Kennedy Lourdusamy John , Chinnathambi Shanmugavel , Pandian Ganesh N.
Published: June 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers for cancer treatment due to their unique properties. Featuring high porosity, extensive surface area, chemical stability, and good biocompatibility, MOFs are ideal for efficient drug delivery, targeted therapy, and controlled release. They can be designed to target specific cellular organelles to disrupt metabolic processes in cancer cells. Additionally, functionalization with enzymes mimics their catalytic activity, enhancing photodynamic therapy and overcoming apoptosis resistance in cancer cells. The controllable and regular structure of MOFs, along with their tumor microenvironment responsiveness, make them promising nanocarriers for anticancer drugs. These carriers can effectively deliver a wide range of drugs with improved bioavailability, controlled release rate, and targeted delivery efficiency compared to alternatives. In this article, we review both experimental and computational studies focusing on the interaction between MOFs and drug, explicating the release mechanisms and stability in physiological conditions. Notably, we explore the relationship between MOF structure and its ability to damage cancer cells, elucidating why MOFs are excellent candidates for bio-applicability. By understanding the problem and exploring potential solutions, this review provides insights into the future directions for harnessing the full potential of MOFs, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic outcomes in cancer treatment.
Porphyromonas endodontalis HmuY differentially participates in heme acquisition compared to the Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia hemophore-like proteins
Authors: Śmiga Michał , Olczak Teresa
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas endodontalis belong to the Bacteroidota phylum. Both species inhabit the oral cavity and can be associated with periodontal diseases. To survive, they must uptake heme from the host as an iron and protoporphyrin IX source. Among the best-characterized heme acquisition systems identified in members of the Bacteroidota phylum is the P. gingivalis Hmu system, with a leading role played by the hemophore-like HmuY (HmuYPg) protein.

Methods

Theoretical analysis of selected HmuY proteins and spectrophotometric methods were employed to determine the heme-binding mode of the P. endodontalis HmuY homolog (HmuYPe) and its ability to sequester heme. Growth phenotype and gene expression analysis of P. endodontalis were employed to reveal the importance of the HmuYPe and Hmu system for this bacterium.

Results

Unlike in P. gingivalis, where HmuYPg uses two histidines for heme-iron coordination, other known HmuY homologs use two methionines in this process. P. endodontalis HmuYPe is the first characterized representative of the HmuY family that binds heme using a histidine-methionine pair. It allows HmuYPe to sequester heme directly from serum albumin and Tannerella forsythia HmuYTf, the HmuY homolog which uses two methionines for heme-iron coordination. In contrast to HmuYPg, which sequesters heme directly from methemoglobin, HmuYPe may bind heme only after the proteolytic digestion of hemoglobin.

Conclusions

We hypothesize that differences in components of the Hmu system and structure-based properties of HmuY proteins may evolved allowing different adaptations of Porphyromonas species to the changing host environment. This may add to the superior virulence potential of P. gingivalis over other members of the Bacteroidota phylum.
Inside a corporate affairs conference: the race for a social license
Authors: Cullerton Katherine , Patay Dori
Published: June 2024

Introduction

A consequence of corporate influence on public policy is the potential for negative impacts on population health. Consequently, it is imperative that public health advocates and scholars stay abreast of emerging corporate practices designed to influence regulatory measures aimed at safeguarding health. To identify these emerging practices, we attended a national corporate affairs conference to identify tactics and gain insights from the range of commercial actors presenting at the event.

Method

An observational design was used for the research. This involved observation of senior executives presenting at a national corporate affairs conference in Australia in 2023. The collected data was inductively and thematically analyzed by the authors.

Results

Our findings revealed that the foremost concern for corporations was maintaining a “social license to operate.” Notably, corporate actors perceived social media as a critical threat to social license as it can rapidly sway public opinion against them. Strategies identified for preserving social license included building relationships with the public and civil society, leveraging AI-driven data services to monitor and effectively respond to perceived threats, to convert dissenters into advocates, and applying the narrative of value creation and stakeholder capitalism.

Conclusion

This study contributes valuable insights for public health advocates and scholars by shedding light on the mechanisms employed by corporations to counteract regulatory measures. These mechanisms include using stakeholder capitalist narratives to frame and reframe discussion and debate, engaging dissenters to convert them into advocates, and leveraging partnerships to camouflage actions and build social license halos. It also revealed the unprecedented power and new platforms that previously weak actors now have via social media. The observations from the conference offer a nuanced understanding of corporate strategies, enabling advocates to effectively challenge prevailing narratives that may undermine public health initiatives.
U-shaped association between serum Klotho and all-cause mortality in US cardiovascular patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Shasha , Zhu Zhanfang , Yu Kai , Zhang Wei , Pu Jie , Lv Ying , Tang Zhiguo , Liu Fuqiang , Sun Yongqiang
Published: June 2024

Background

Increased levels of serum Klotho have been associated with a reduced risk of several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, limited studies exist on the association between serum Klotho and mortality in patients with CVD.

Methods

We collected data from CVD patients in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2016. We linked NHANES data with the National Death Index to determine the survival status of participants. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression models were used to investigate the relationship between serum Klotho levels and mortality in CVD patients. The relationship between serum Klotho quartiles and mortality in CVD patients was visualized using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and restricted cubic spine. Finally, subgroup analyses were used to examine the association between serum Klotho and all-cause mortality in different populations.

Results

1905 patients with CVD were finally enrolled in our study with a mean follow-up of 7.1 years. The average age of the participants was 63.4 years, with 58.40% being male. KM showed that lower Klotho levels were associated with lower survival rates. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with higher serum Klotho levels had lower all-cause mortality (Q1: 1.00, Q2: 0.58 (0.42–0.80), Q3: 0.69 (0.47–1.01), and Q4:0.64 (0.45–0.92). However, the relationship between serum Klotho levels and cardiovascular mortality was not statistically significant. Dose-response analysis shows a U-shaped relationship between serum Klotho levels and all-cause mortality in patients with CVD (P nonlinear=0.002). Subgroup analysis indicated that participants with a history of hypertension had a higher risk of all-cause mortality in serum Klotho Q4 compared to Q1 (P trend <0.05).

Conclusion

The relationship between serum Klotho levels and all-cause mortality in CVD patients exhibits a U-shaped association. The underlying mechanisms of this association need further investigation.
Investigating factors influencing oil volatility: a GARCH-MIDAS model analysis
Authors: Le Yiyi , Wen Jing , Wu Yuchen , Liu Jia , Zhu Yuchen
Published: June 2024

This study explores the main factors influencing international oil price fluctuations, selecting five influential variables: the consumer price index (CPI), industrial production index (IPI), global rig count (ADU), economic policy uncertainty index (EPU), and geopolitical risk index (GRI) based on previous literature. Employing the GARCH-MIDAS model, this research analyzes comparative effects on WTI international oil prices. Our findings highlight the varying degrees of influence, with IPI showing a stronger impact and EPU indicating broader economic implications. The GRI index responds primarily to specific geopolitical events with delayed fluctuations. Our study’s novelty lies in the empirical investigation using the GARCH-MIDAS model, offering valuable insights for policymakers to manage oil price volatility effectively, particularly by addressing economic policy uncertainty as a critical factor.
The role of alternative polyadenylation in breast cancer
Authors: Qiao Ping , Zhang Caihong , Shi Yingxu , Du Hua
Published: June 2024

Breast cancer (BC), as a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, is still unclear in its pathogenesis and has poor therapeutic outcomes. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism widely found in eukaryotes. Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) undergoes the APA process to generate multiple mRNA isoforms with different coding regions or 3′UTRs, thereby greatly increasing the diversity and complexity of the eukaryotic transcriptome and proteome. Studies have shown that APA is involved in the progression of various diseases, including cancer, and plays a crucial role. Therefore, clarifying the biological mechanisms of APA and its regulators in breast cancer will help to comprehensively understand the pathogenesis of breast cancer and provide new ideas for its prevention and treatment.
Study on the strength composition mechanism and interface microscopic characteristics of cold recycling asphalt mixture
Authors: Dong Zhao , Xu Guangji , Xu Shudong , Ma Shijie , Ma Tao , Luan Yingcheng , Liu Jiuwei
Published: June 2024

A cold recycling asphalt mixture has significant economic and environmental benefits compared to other pavement material recycling technologies. The cold recycling mixture contains reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), new aggregate particles (NAPs), asphalt emulsion, cement, and fillers. The internal material composition is complex, and the interface form is changeable. Both have a significant impact on the mechanical properties. Therefore, this paper aims to study the influence of material composition and related content on the strength performance of a cold recycling mixture from the two aspects of macroscopic mechanical tests and microscopic characteristics analyses. In this paper, the strength evolution law of a cold recycling mixture under changed amounts of cement, emulsified asphalt, and RAP content is carried out. The test result shows that low cement content has little effect on the strength of a cold recycling mixture and is not the main factor affecting its strength composition. The asphalt mainly plays the role of a binder. Compared with the NAPs, the aged asphalt mortar and emulsified asphalt mortar have better interfacial bonding effects. The NAP surface needs more asphalt to form structural asphalt. From the microscopic characteristics of the interfacial transition zone, the cement hydration products and asphalt mortar are intertwined to form a network structure, and the pore structure is filled with asphalt. Compared with the aggregate–asphalt interface, the cement hydration product has poor adhesion with the aggregate. Some micro-cracks are visible in the interface transition zone, which is mainly used as an interface modifier and interface improver to enhance the interface bonding effect.
Improvement of action recognition based on ANN-BP algorithm for auto driving cars
Authors: Tian Yong , Tan Jun
Published: June 2024

Introduction: With the development of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving technology, the application of motion recognition in automotive autonomous driving is becoming more and more important. The traditional feature extraction method uses adaptive search hybrid learning and needs to design the feature extraction process manually, which is difficult to meet the recognition requirements in complex environments.

Methods: In this paper, a fusion algorithm is proposed to classify the driving characteristics through time-frequency analysis, and perform backpropagation operation in artificial neural network to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. The performance analysis experiments of the study were carried out on Autov data sets, and the results were compared with those of the other three algorithms.

Results: When the vehicle action coefficient is 227, the judgment accuracy of the four algorithms is 0.98, 0.94, 0.93 and 0.95, respectively, indicating that the fusion algorithm is stable. When the road sample is 547, the vehicle driving ability of the fusion algorithm is 4.7, which is the best performance among the four algorithms, indicating that the fusion algorithm has strong adaptability.

Discussion: The results show that the fusion algorithm has practical significance in improving the autonomous operation ability of autonomous vehicles, reducing the frequency of vehicle accidents during driving, and contributing to the development of production, life and society.
Long-term safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment in chronic migraine patients: a five-year retrospective study
Authors: Navarro-Pérez María Pilar , González-Quintanilla Vicente , Muñoz-Vendrell Albert , Madrigal Elisabet , Alpuente Alicia , Latorre Germán , Molina Francis , Monzón María José , Medrano Vicente , García-Azorín David , González-Oria Carmen , Gago-Veiga Ana , Velasco Fernando , Beltrán Isabel , Morollón Noemí , Viguera Javier , Casas-Limón Javier , Rodríguez-Vico Jaime , Cuadrado Elisa , Irimia Pablo , Iglesias Fernando , Guerrero-Peral Ángel Luis , Belvís Robert , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Pascual Julio , Santos-Lasaosa Sonia
Published: June 2024

Background

Real-world studies have shown the sustained therapeutic effect and favourable safety profile of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) in the long term and up to 4 years of treatment in chronic migraine (CM). This study aims to assess the safety profile and efficacy of BoNTA in CM after 5 years of treatment in a real-life setting.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with CM in relation to BoNTA treatment for more than 5 years in 19 Spanish headache clinics. We excluded patients who discontinued treatment due to lack of efficacy or poor tolerability.

Results

489 patients were included [mean age 49, 82.8% women]. The mean age of onset of migraine was 21.8 years; patients had CM with a mean of 6.4 years (20.8% fulfilled the aura criteria). At baseline, patients reported a mean of 24.7 monthly headache days (MHDs) and 15.7 monthly migraine days (MMDs). In relation to effectiveness, the responder rate was 59.1% and the mean reduction in MMDs was 9.4 days (15.7 to 6.3 days; p < 0.001). The MHDs were also reduced by 14.9 days (24.7 to 9.8 days; p < 0.001). Regarding the side effects, 17.5% experienced neck pain, 17.3% headache, 8.5% eyelid ptosis, 7.5% temporal muscle atrophy and 3.2% trapezius muscle atrophy. Furthermore, after longer-term exposure exceeding 5 years, there were no serious adverse events (AE) or treatment discontinuation because of safety or tolerability issues.

Conclusion

Treatment with BoNTA led to sustained reductions in migraine frequency, even after long-term exposure exceeding 5 years, with no evidence of new safety concerns.
A combination of phospholipids and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids supports neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ren Qiqi , Zhu Xiaoyu , Pan Jiancun , Li Kaifeng , Zhou Yalin , Lyu Ying , Xie Qinggang , Xu Yajun
Published: June 2024

Phospholipids (PLs) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are naturally present in breast milk and play important roles in promoting the growth of the infant. Several studies have investigated the effects of the combination of PLs and LCPUFAs on neurodevelopment. However, data on the effectiveness of infant formula containing both PLs and LCPUFAs on the neurodevelopment of infants is still scarce. This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study was designed to evaluate the effect of an infant formula enriched with PLs and LCPUFAs on growth parameters and neurodevelopmental outcomes in term infants up to 365 days of age. Infants were enrolled within 30 days of birth who were then randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 150) or an investigational group (n = 150). Both groups consist of cow’s milk-based formula which were generally identical in terms of composition, except that the investigational formula was additionally supplemented with PLs and LCPUFAs. The infants were followed for the first year of life. Breastfed infants were the reference (n = 150). Bayley Scales of Infant Development [3rd edition (Bayley-III)], Carey Toddler Temperament Scales (TTS), MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI), Single Object Attention and Free Play Tasks were used to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes of infant at 365 days of age. In addition, Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) were also conducted at 120, 180, and 275 days of age. Compared to breastfeeding, both infant formulas were well-tolerated and provided adequate growth, with no adverse events being reported throughout the study. Infants of the investigational group showed higher mean scores in Bayley-III cognitive performance (104.3 vs. 99.0, p < 0.05), language (106.9 vs. 104.5, p < 0.05), and motor skills (109.2 vs. 103.9, p < 0.05) compared the control group. Similar results were being reported for other developmental scales including TTS and ASQ. Notably, the test scores of infants fed the investigational formula were similar to those who were breastfed. Our results indicate that PL and LCPUFA supplementation may be beneficial for neurodevelopment of infants throughout the first year of life. Further studies are needed to investigation long-term effects PL and LCPUFA on neurodevelopment in early life.
A speech therapy treatment protocol for exercise induced laryngeal obstruction
Authors: Karlsen Tom , Vreim Kristine , Røksund Ola D. , Vollsæter Maria , Muralitharan Praveen , Ellingsen Thor Andre , Heimdal John-Helge , Halvorsen Thomas , Clemm Hege
Published: June 2024

Background

Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a common cause of exertional breathing problems in young individuals, relevant to 5%–7% of young people. It is caused by paradoxical inspiratory adduction of laryngeal structures and diagnosed by continuous visualization of the larynx during high intensity exercise. Empirical data suggest that EILO consists of different subtypes that require different therapeutic approaches. Currently applied treatment approaches do not rest on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and thus evidence-based guidelines cannot be established. This protocol describes the speech therapy treatment approach which is applied to EILO patients in a large prospective RCT called HelpILO.

Methods and analysis

Consenting patients consecutively diagnosed with EILO at Haukeland University Hospital are randomized into four treatment arms. Speech therapy is represented in two of these, provided in a structured manner based on general speech therapy principles and abdominal breathing, combined with experience obtained with these patients at our hospital during the last decades. The main outcome measure of HelpILO is changes of laryngoscopically visualized laryngeal adduction, rated at peak exercise before vs. after interventions, using a validated scoring system.

Ethics and dissemination

Despite widespread use of speech therapy in patients with EILO, this approach is insufficiently tested in RCTs, and the study is therefore considered ethically appropriate. The study will provide knowledge listed as a priority in a recent statement issued by major respiratory and laryngological societies and requested by clinicians and researchers engaged in this area. The results will be presented at relevant conferences, patient fora, and media platforms, and published in relevant peer reviewed international journals.
Critical roles of lncRNA-mediated autophagy in urologic malignancies
Authors: Gan Lifeng , Zheng Liying , Zou Junrong , Luo Peiyue , Chen Tao , Zou Jun , Li Wei , Chen Qi , Cheng Le , Zhang Fangtao , Qian Biao
Published: June 2024

Urologic oncology is a significant public health concern on a global scale. Recent research indicates that long chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and autophagy play crucial roles in various cancers, including urologic malignancies. This article provides a summary of the latest research findings, suggesting that lncRNA-mediated autophagy could either suppress or promote tumors in prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers. The intricate network involving different lncRNAs, target genes, and mediated signaling pathways plays a crucial role in urological malignancies by modulating the autophagic process. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs can disrupt autophagy, leading to tumorigenesis, progression, and enhanced resistance to therapy. Consequently, targeting particular lncRNAs that control autophagy could serve as a dependable diagnostic tool and a promising prognostic biomarker in urologic oncology, while also holding potential as an effective therapeutic approach.
Investigating the water availability hypothesis of pot binding: small pots and infrequent irrigation confound the effects of drought stress in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Hill Dominic , Conte Lorenzo , Nelson David , Hammond John , Bell Luke
Published: June 2024

To maximise the throughput of novel, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, many researchers have utilised smaller pot sizes to increase the number of biological replicates that can be grown in spatially limited controlled environments. This may confound plant development through a process known as “pot binding”, particularly in larger species including potato (Solanum tuberosum), and under water-restricted conditions. We aimed to investigate the water availability hypothesis of pot binding, which predicts that small pots have insufficient water holding capacities to prevent drought stress between irrigation periods, in potato. Two cultivars of potato were grown in small (5 L) and large (20 L) pots, were kept under polytunnel conditions, and were subjected to three irrigation frequencies: every other day, daily, and twice daily. Plants were phenotyped with two Phenospex PlantEye F500s and canopy and tuber fresh mass and dry matter were measured. Increasing irrigation frequency from every other day to daily was associated with a significant increase in fresh tuber yield, but only in large pots. This suggests a similar level of drought stress occurred between these treatments in the small pots, supporting the water availability hypothesis of pot binding. Further increasing irrigation frequency to twice daily was still not sufficient to increase yields in small pots but it caused an insignificant increase in yield in the larger pots, suggesting some pot binding may be occurring in large pots under daily irrigation. Canopy temperatures were significantly higher under each irrigation frequency in the small pots compared to large pots, which strongly supports the water availability hypothesis as higher canopy temperatures are a reliable indicator of drought stress in potato. Digital phenotyping was found to be less accurate for larger plants, probably due to a higher degree of self-shading. The research demonstrates the need to define the optimum pot size and irrigation protocols required to completely prevent pot binding and ensure drought treatments are not inadvertently applied to control plants.
Trajectory of medical expenditure and regional disparities in hypertensive patients in South Korea
Authors: Kim Gi-Hyun , Song Ji-Soo , Nam Ji-Woong , Lee Woo-Ri , Yoo Ki-Bong
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to understand how different regions influence the management and financial burden of hypertension, and to identify regional disparities in hypertension management and medical expenditure. The study utilized data from the Korean Health Panel Survey conducted between 2014 and 2018, focusing on individuals with hypertension. Medical expenditures were classified into three trajectory groups: “Persistent Low”, “Expenditure Increasing”, and “Persistent High” over a five-year period using trajectory analysis. Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) analysis was then employed to identify the association between regions and medical expenditure trajectories. The results indicate that individuals residing in metropolitan cities (Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon, and Ulsan) (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03-1.12) and rural areas (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03-1.11) were more likely to belong to the “Expenditure Increasing” group compared to the “Persistent Low Expenditure” group, as opposed to those in the capital city (Seoul). Additionally, residents of rural areas (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08) were more likely to be in the “High Expenditure” group compared to the “Persistent Low Expenditure” group than those residing in the capital city. These findings suggest that individuals in rural areas may be receiving relatively inadequate management for hypertension, leading to higher medical expenditures compared to those in the capital region. These disparities signify health inequality and highlight the need for policy efforts to address regional imbalances in social structures and healthcare resource distribution to ensure equitable chronic disease management across different regions.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward first aid management of choking hazards among Eastern Province Saudi adults: an observational study
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Ashokkumar , Alanazi Abdulrahman Raji , Al-Rasheedi Abdullah N. , Alruwaili Danah Khalid , Abdel-Salam Doaa Mazen , Alriwely Nasser Saleh , Alruwaili Abdulrahman Fayez J. , Alanazi Abdulhadi Abdullah Z. , Alruwaili Sultan Farhan O. , Alruwaili Abdulaziz Raja R.
Published: June 2024

Background and aim

Childhood choking is a global health concern that mainly affects children under the age of 5 years. The parent’s and caretaker’s responsibility is critical in the children’s lives and can potentially influence the result of at-home injuries such as choking. We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors of first aid management toward choking hazards among Saudi adults from the Eastern Province.

Methods

The present analytical study was carried out among 390 Saudi adults attending different primary health centers in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. We used a standard and validated data research topic tool to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice. Spearman’s correlation was applied to determine the correlation between each section, while binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the associated factors.

Results

We observed knowledge, attitude, and practice scores in 43.3, 38.9, and 36.4% of the participants, respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations between knowledge and attitude (rho = 0.42, p = 0.001), between knowledge and practice (rho = 0.57, p = 0.001), and between attitude and practice (rho = 0.41, p = 0.001) were revealed in our survey. The knowledge of the participants was significantly higher with the age group of 30–40 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.67 (1.94–4.65), p = 0.001] and participants who received training in first aid management [AOR = 1.64 (1.12–2.49), p = 0.037]. This study found that males [AOR = 0.36 (0.21–0.63), p = 0.001] and those working in the private sector [AOR = 0.61 (0.31–0.87), p = 0.018] had significantly lower attitudes.

Conclusion

Our results underscore the importance of continuous health education initiatives and training courses at primary health care centers regarding first aid management of choking hazards to improve awareness and practices. Furthermore, we recommend prospective multicenter studies to address region-specific knowledge gaps.
Investigating body perception of multiple virtual hands in synchronized and asynchronized conditions
Authors: Mashiyama Yuki , Kondo Ryota , Fukuoka Masaaki , Teo Theophilus , Sugimoto Maki
Published: June 2024

As part of research on human augmentation, multiple bodies are used in a virtual environment. For example, a study on multiple partial body parts has been conducted using up to 64 hands and showed that multiple hands reduced the distance traveled by one hand. However, body perception has yet to be verified. In this study, we investigated how body perception changes when nine hands, partial bodies, are moved synchronously in a virtual environment, compared to a single hand. In addition, we examined whether the sense of body ownership for all nine hands was elicited simultaneously or whether it was elicited for some of the hands while switching between them. Participants performed a reaching task using one or nine hands presented in a virtual environment. After the reaching task, a threat stimulus was given, and hand movements in response to the threat were measured. After completion of each condition, the subjective sense of body ownership and sense of agency was investigated using a Likert scale. The results indicated that users felt the sense of body ownership of several hands for the nine hands and manipulated them by switching their attention to multiple bodies.