bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pequeñas centrales hidroeléctricas (PCH) en el Oriente del departamento de Caldas. “Impactos ambientales y resistencias sociales en el posconflicto”
Authors: Osorio Alejandra M. , Cifuentes Laura
Published: April 2022

Las pequeñas centrales hidroeléctricas (PCH) se consideran tecnologías limpias y renovables, en el Oriente del departamento de Caldas se planea construir 40 proyectos hidroeléctricos, de los cuales cuatro cuentan con licencia ambiental. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los impactos ambientales relacionados con estos proyectos y evidenciar las resistencias sociales de comunidades afectadas. La metodología aplicada fue cualitativa con enfoque interpretativo, los datos se obtuvieron mediante trabajos de campo y consulta a fuentes secundarias durante cuatro años. Se concluye que los proyectos hidroeléctricos descritos como a filo de agua no son de bajo impacto debido a que generan pérdida de caudales y escasez hídrica, vulnerando derechos de la población rural, factores que resultan en una revictimización de comunidades que visionan condiciones dignas en tiempo de posconflicto, no solamente opuestas a estos proyectos, sino que además, sus acciones y demandas se orientan a la gobernanza del agua en sus territorios.
Extradición y derecho internacional en contextos de conflicto armado no internacional: el caso de Edwar Cobo Téllez ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Colombia
Authors: Merlano Sierra Javier E. , Rojas Hernández Belkis
Published: April 2022

El derecho internacional y la cooperación internacional en materia penal expresan la demanda creciente de la participación conjunta de los Estados en la aplicación de justicia, proponiendo el diseño de mecanismos que garanticen la lucha contra la impunidad frente a asuntos de trascendencia para la comunidad internacional. En este entendido, nos cuestionamos si: ¿aplica la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Colombia el Derecho Internacional, al conceptuar sobre la extradición de perpetradores de  violaciones de los derechos humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario asociados al conflicto armado interno? Analizamos para ello el asunto de alias Diego Vecino - Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia. Este artículo de reflexión aporta fundamentos teóricos que faciliten conceptuar con carácter vinculante acerca de la extradición o no de jefes de grupos armados al margen de la ley, considerando la necesidad de garantizar principios de verdad, de justicia y de reparación, orientados a la solución del conflicto armado en Colombia.
Estudios comparados, derechos y políticas
Authors: Aguiló Regla Josep
Published: April 2022

El volumen 18(2) de la Revista Jurídicas presenta una gran variedad temática y muestra de manera patente la apertura de la cultura jurídica. En este sentido, incluye tanto trabajos que, siguiendo una “vieja clasificación”, podrían calificarse de “estrictamente jurídicos” (o de “ciencia jurídica en sentidoestricto”), como otros que serían de otras ciencias aplicadas al Derecho o que, al menos, mostrarían una apertura significativa desde el Derecho haciaotras ciencias (especialmente hacia las ciencias sociales). Centrémonos, primero, en los trabajos estrictamente jurídicos que, siguiendo esa misma “vieja clasificación”, podríamos ordenar en trabajos de “teoría del Derecho”, de “dogmática jurídica” y de “derecho comparado”.
De “necesidades educativas especiales” a “diseño universal para el aprendizaje”: un recorrido cronológico por las políticas de educación inclusiva en Colombia
Authors: Díaz-Posada Leidy Evelyn
Published: April 2022

A través de este artículo, se realiza un recorrido cronológico respecto a las políticas de educación inclusiva en Colombia; específicamente, aquellas dirigidas a estudiantes con disCAPACIDAD1 ; iniciándose con la Constitución Política Nacional y finalizando con las reglamentaciones recientes. Esto, con el propósito de informar a instituciones educativas y sociales en cuanto a su planteamiento, así como generar discusión con referencia a la transformación del lenguaje y las proyecciones respecto al tema; en especial, por la incorporación del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA). Se espera que esta revisión documental promueva el seguimiento de las normativas en los contextos reales ya que, además de describir los principales aportes de las mismas, se identifican aspectos relevantes en torno a las poblaciones destinatarias.
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[RETRACTED] AUDIVAX REVIEWS: (TRUSTED OR SCAM) IS AUDIVAX HEARING SUPPORT FORMULA REALLY IMPROVE HEARING LOSS OR SAFE? v1
Authors: not provided sarawridges
Published: April 2022

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Authors: not provided lg-
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Sample preparation
Automata-based Software Engineering with Event-B
Authors:   A. P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, Shelekhov V. I.
Published: April 2022

A new automata-based programming language has been built by extending the Event-B specification language. When developing models in Event-B, it becomes possible to use automata-based methods in addition to the popular refinement method. Automata-based software engineering, supported by deductive verification in Event-B, can be successfully used for the development of control systems in critical infrastructure with a high cost of error. A model of the Event-B specification in the automata-based programming language is constructed. The Event-B specification is a chain of machine refinements. The machine is defined by a non-deterministic composition of events. An event is the equivalent of a simple conditional statement without else branch. In automata-based software engineering, in addition to non-deterministic composition, a number of other compositions are allowed. The main one is a hypergraphic composition with respect to control states. Parallel process composition, object-oriented and aspect-oriented compositions are also possible. A process can be called from another process. It is possible to send and receive messages. There are different time actions. It is not difficult to rewrite an automata-based program into the Event-B specification. The automata-based software engineering with Event-B is demonstrated by the example of the problem of traffic control on the bridge from the Event-B system manual. A simpler solution with verification in the Rodin tool is proposed. The effectiveness of Event-B verification methods is confirmed by finding three non-trivial errors in our solution.
Applying Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms to Ensure Requirements Consistency
Authors:   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Gaydamaka K. I. , Belonogova А. D. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the quality of requirements for complex technical systems. The purpose of this article is to apply unsupervised machine learning techniques to test a set of requirements for consistency. It is assumed that the clustering of requirements will allow us to determine the requirements that are closest in meaning to the given one, and this may indicate a possible contradiction and require additional check of potentially conflicting requirements. The article discusses a comparison of clustering methods such as k-means, agglomerative hierarchical clustering, DBSCAN, EM-algorithm, as well as methods for converting sentences into numeric vectors TF-IDF, doc2vec, BERT. BERT and k-means showed the best result — a cluster that included only conflicting requirements.
Assessment of Epileptic Seizures and Non-Epileptic Seizures via Wearable Sensors and Priori Detection of Epileptic Seizures
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Ömer Faruk , SÖNMEZ Yasin , SEZGİN Necmettin , AKIL Eşref
Published: April 2022

Epilepsy is one the most prevalent neurological disorders whose causes are not exactly known. Diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are closely related to the patient's story, and the most important indicator is the frequency and severity of seizures. Since the disease does not only affect the patients but also the lives of their environment seriously, it is very important to make the diagnosis and treatment correctly. However, sometimes misrecognition from patients and their relatives, unnecessary epilepsy treatment to the patient in non-epileptic seizures mixed with epileptic seizures, or increasing the dose of the drugs used for the patient are the situations frequently encountered.
The so-called video-EEG method is used in the detection and segregation of epileptic / non-epileptic seizures. In this method, the patient is kept in an environment where video recording is continuously taken until the seizure occurs, and EEG, EMG, and ECG records of the patient are taken. When the patient has a seizure, the seizure type is separated by examining these records. In this project, seizure detection and seizure type (epileptic / non-epileptic) detection is aimed to be done by using wearable sensors increasingly applied in the field of health. The achievable benefits from the project and data set will provide a different perspective on the epilepsy illness, as well as reduce the number of epilepsy patients who are not in fact epilepsy patients needing treatment, and keep epileptic seizure recordings constantly in the electronic environment so that the treatment processes are monitored more closely.
A Prospective Look on Optimization Methods For RFID Systems: Requirements, Challenges and Implementation Aspects
Authors: KOUHALVANDİ Lida
Published: April 2022

The radio frequency identification (RFID) is a configuration of wireless communication that uses radio frequency (RF) waves for following up and recognizing data. The RFID system includes important parts as antenna and integrated circuit (IC) for radiating and storing data, respectively. Hence, high performance antenna and IC circuits must be designed for assembling the energy from the radio waves and feeding the RFID chip. One of the important circuit/block in the IC part is the amplifier where the antenna is sensing the radiated output power. For this case, it is substantially important to design high performance antenna and amplifier where the specifications of these circuits must be optimized in a professional way. In this paper, we collect the recently published optimization methods that are employed for designing antenna and RF/analog-based amplifiers. Any researcher by referring to these algorithms can access and find the solutions for their problems, straightforwardly.
Thesaurus of radiology terms for preparing reports using speech recognition technology
Authors: Andrianova M. G. , Kudryavtsev N. D. , Petraikin A. V.
Published: April 2022

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Assessment of blood flow in the prostate before and after transuretral enucleation of benign hyperplasia prostate
Authors: Vydrin Pavel S. , Kalinina Svetlana N. , Korenkov Dmitriy G.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Transrectal Doppler ultrasound is the leading method for studying blood flow in the prostate. Despite a significant number of studies on the use of ultrasound of the prostate in patients with BPH, many aspects of its clinical use remain unclear. One of these issues is the features of changes in blood flow in the prostate after transurethral surgical interventions.
AIM: to assess the state of blood flow in the prostate gland in patients with BPH before and after transurethral enucleation by laser and bipolar methods.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 88 patients with BPH aged 50 to 79 years who complained of urinary disorders. All patients underwent transurethral enucleation of BPH: 41 patients with the laser method (HoLEP) (1st group) and 47 patients with the bipolar method (TUEB) (2nd group). Before surgical treatment, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after surgery, patients underwent transrectal Doppler ultrasound of the prostate.
RESULTS: The results of the study indicate a significant impact of surgery on the state of blood flow in the prostate gland. Examination 12 weeks after the operation showed a significant decrease in the peak blood flow velocity and values of the resistance index in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups compared with the corresponding values before the surgery and 4 weeks after the surgery. By 24 weeks after surgery, all patients showed normalization of blood flow parameters, while in patients of the 1st group (HoLEP) this process occurred faster than in patients of the 2nd group (TUEB).
CONCLUSIONS: The high diagnostic efficiency and informativeness of transrectal Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of blood circulation in the prostate in patients with BPH has been confirmed. The blood flow velocity in the subcapsular and especially paraurethral arteries, as well as the values of the resistance index, were higher in patients with large prostates, which must be taken into account when planning surgical interventions.
Opportunities of drugs based on D-mannose and herbal components in the treatment and prevention of recurrent lower urinary tract infections in women
Authors: Shormanov Igor S. , Solovyov Andrey S. , Chirkov Ivan A. , Shchedrov Dmitry N. , Krasnyak Stepan S. , Shaderkin Igor A.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Recurrent cystitis is a common form of urinary tract infections. In the treatment of this disease antibacterial drugs are usually used. At the same time, there are plant components that can be a worthy substitute for antibiotic therapy.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the biologically active complex Cystalis, containing D-mannose, grape seed extract and bearberry extract, in the treatment and prevention of recurrent cystitis in women.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 60 women with recurrent cystitis. All patients answered the Acute Cystitis Symptom Scale (ACSS). The patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 people each. Patients of the 1st group received standard antibiotic therapy for recurrence of cystitis in accordance with the results of bacteriological examination of urine, followed by observation for 6 months. Patients of the second group instead of antibiotic therapy received the biologically active complex Cistalis one capsule (350 mg) 2 times a day for 3 months, followed by observation for 3 months.
RESULTS: Before the start of treatment Escherichia coli was detected in 26 patients (86.7%) in the 1st group and in 28 (93.3%) patients in the 2nd group. At a follow-up visit 30 days after the initial examination the total score on the ACSS scale in patients of the 1st group decreased from 6.6 1.4 to 0.03 0.18 points (p 0.001), in patients of the 2nd group from 6.4 1.3 to 0 (p 0.001). The sum of scores in the Quality of Life (QoL) domain in the representatives of the 1st group decreased from 6.3 1.3 to 0 (p 0.001), and in the 2nd group decresead from 5.6 1.0 also to 0 (p 0.001). In patients of both groups, the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the urine significantly decreased. During the 6-month follow-up period 8 recurrences of UTIs were registered in patients of the 1st group, and only 2 recurrences in patients of the 2nd group. The probability of developing a recurrence of cystitis in patients of the 2nd group was significantly lower than in patients of the 1st group (2 = 4.603, p = 0.032).
CONCLUSIONS: An analysis of the results of the study showed the high efficiency of using the Cystalis complex for the treatment of cystitis and the prevention of its recurrence.
Choice of access for endoscopic treatment of patients with proximal ureter calculi. Our experience
Authors: Topuzov Marlen E. , Basok Stanislav M. , Kustov Petr V. , Abinov Osman A.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Urolithiasis is an actual problem of urology. Over the past 20 years, the tactics of treating patients with urolithiasis has changed significantly. However, there are currently no standardized algorithms for choosing the most effective treatment for a particular patient.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a mininephroscope in comparison with the use of a flexible ureterorenoscope when performing percutaneous antegrade ureterolithotripsy in the treatment of patients with proximal ureteral calculi.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of case histories of 61 patients with calculi in the proximal ureter was performed. All patients for surgical treatment were hospitalized in a planned manner with a previously installed nephrostomy drain 12Ch. All patients underwent percutaneous antegrade ureterolithotripsy 15 using a mininephroscope (Group 1) and 46 using a flexible ureterorenoscope (Group 2).
RESULTS: The clinical performance of the mininephroscope and the flexible ureterorenoscope for ureterolithotripsy is similar. In patients of the 1st and 2nd groups, the average duration of the operation (59 10 min and 63 9 min, respectively, p 0.1) and the Stone Free Rate (SFR) on the first day after surgery (respectively 93.3% and 95.7%) did not significantly differ. There were no intraoperative complications in any of the patients. The frequency of postoperative complications in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups was low, all complications corresponded to the 1st degree according to the ClavienDindo classification. The duration of postoperative hospital stay in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups was the same and averaged 3 days.
CONCLUSIONS: Performing percutaneous antegrade ureterolithotripsy using a nephroscope and a flexible ureterorenoscope ensures the achievement of SFR in the same short time, the minimum duration of surgery and the duration of the postoperative bed-day, as well as a low incidence of postoperative complications.
Nodal Seismic Experiment at the Berkeley Section of the Hayward Fault
Authors: Taira Taka’aki , Dreger Douglas S. , Allam Amir A.
Published: April 2022

The Hayward fault (HF) in the San Francisco Bay area of California is one of the most hazardous faults of the San Andreas fault system with a total length of 70 km. In November 2020, we conducted a dense array experiment that deployed 182 three-component nodal sensors for about a five-week period at the Berkeley section of the HF. Our primary goal of this experiment was to image the seismic velocity structure in the upper crust of this area to better understand the fault-zone structure and its elastic properties. A linear array (10 stations with 5–10 m spacing) was deployed on the north side of University of California, Berkeley Memorial Stadium where the HF runs underneath, together with 27 stations that were installed surrounding the stadium. Here we detail our scientific motivation, station metadata, and quality of seismic waveforms. We also show initial results of fault-zone guided waves observed from the linear array and provide first-step results of Green’s functions between nodal stations obtained by an ambient noise cross-correlation analysis.
Prematüre bebeklerde konjenital hipotiroidi ve nekrotizan enterokolit ilişkisi
Authors: CERAN Burak , ÇAKIR Ufuk , TUĞCU Ali Ulaş , TAYMAN Cüneyt
Published: April 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Hipotiroidinin gastrointestinal sistem üzerine olumsuz etkisi vardır. Konjenital hipotiroidinin nekrotizan enterokolit ile ilişkisi bilinmemektedir. Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı (< 1500 g) prematürelerde konjenital hipotiroidi ve nekrotizan enterokolit ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza < 1500 g doğan prematüre bebekler retrospektif olarak dahil edildi. Konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve olmayan gruplar nekrotizan enterokolit gelişimi, demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca nekrotizan enterokolit olan ve olmayan gruplar tiroid fonksiyon testleri açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 26 konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve 600 konjenital hipotiroidi olmayan toplam 626 prematüre bebek (gestasyon haftası 28.1 ± 1.2 hafta, doğum ağırlığı 1056 ± 228 g) dahil edildi. Altı yüz yirmi altı bebekte nekrotizan enterokolit (evre ≥ 2) sıklığı %2.5 (n = 16) olarak tespit edildi. Konjenital hipotiroidi olan grupta gebelik haftası ve doğum ağırlığı (27.2 ± 0.9 hafta ve 1007 ± 208 g) konjenital hipotiroidi olmayan gruba (28.1 ± 1.2 hafta ve 1075 ± 221 g) göre anlamlı düşük bulundu (sırasıyla, p < 0.001, p = 0.035). Nekrotizan enterokolit gelişim sıklığı konjenital hipotiroidi olan ve olmayan gruplar arasında benzerdi (sırasıyla, %3.8, %2.5, p = 0.415). Diğer demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından gruplar arasında sonuçlar benzer saptandı (p > 0.05). Nekrotizan enterokolit olan ve olmayan gruplarda serbest tiroksin düzeyleri (sırasıyla: 1.08 ± 0.35 ng/dl ve 1.15 ± 0.26 ng/dl) ve tiroid stimülan hormon düzeyleri (sırasıyla: 3.9 ± 2.8 uIU/L ve 5.6 ± 4.5 uIU/L) açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (sırasıyla, p = 0.326, p = 0.061). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı prematürelerde konjenital hipotiroidi ile nekrotizan enterokolit gelişimi arasında ilişki tespit edilmemiştir.
EKSPERIMEN SISA PENGGILINGAN TEBU SEBAGAI TAS WANITA
Authors: Anam Choirul , Agung Fikri Mudzakki Syam
Published: April 2022

Tebu merupakan tanaman dengan berbagai macam manfaat dan kegunaan. Dalam penggunaan tebu masyarakat dapat mengolahnya menjadi gula kristal hingga dijual sebagai minuman yaitu es tebu, dari penggunaan tebu dari berbagai skala, mulai dari skala besar yaitu pabrik yang mengolah tebu menjadi gula Kristal hingga skala kecil seperti penjual es tebu yang mengolah sebagai minuman es tebu dipastikan menghasilkan sisa penggilingan tebu yang banyak. Bagi sisa penggilingan tebu dengan skala besar memungkinkan untuk dijadikan sebagai pupuk, namun pada skala kecil seperti penjual es tebu, hanya berakhir di pembuangan atau dibakar. Dari penggunaan tebu yang sangat banyak menghasilkan sisa penggilingan tebu yang banyak juga. Banyaknya sisa penggilingan tebu yang kurang dimanfaatkan secara maksimal untuk menghasilkan produk dengan nilai jual tinggi. Dengan karakteristik tebu ketika kering yang hampir menyerupai bambu memungkinkan untuk diubah menjadi salah produk fesyen seperti tas. Banyaknya tas berbahan alam seperti rotan, bambu dan lainnya menunjukan terdapat pasar tersendiri untuk tas dengan bahan alam dan juga membuka peluang untuk tas dengan material tebu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk dengan cara mengeksplorasi sisa penggilingan tebu menjadi tas wanita dengan nilai jual tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen yang diterapkan pada sisa penggilingan tebu mulai dari tahap pengeringan mulai dari alami dan buatan, potongan dengan beberapa alat berbeda, pembentukan pola, penggabungan, pewarnaan hingga tahap finishing.
PRESERVATION AND VALUES OF SAPE SONOK'S PERFORMING ART TRADITION AS A CREATIVE CULTURE INDUSTRY
Authors: Hasana Jamilatul , Saksono Suryo Tri
Published: April 2022

"Sape Sonok" Tradition rely on obedience, the aesthetics of the cow in walking, climbing wooden steps, and discipline. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Madurese people interpret Sape Sonok as part of their life and its relationship with the tourism industry. In order to answer these questions, this study will be carried out by applying ethnographic methods, especially Developmental Research Sequence (Spradley, 1997: 57). The use of this method is based on considerations that will be studied are cultural issues, especially traditional arts, in relation to the tourism industry. This study is included in qualitative research. Sape Sonok is a performing art that has been going on for decades. Sape Sonok cultural tourism can be applied starting from the Sape Sonok village to the landmark “image of the Madura region through the Sonok cattle performing arts tour package, which offers a variety of performing arts and creative economy.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ANIMASI “ADOBE FLASH PROFESSIONAL CS6” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERTARIKAN SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 KALIBARU TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN SENI RUPA
Authors: Pratiwi Anggia Erdi , Iriaji Iriaji , Prasetyo Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2022

Pengembangan multimedia interaktif berbasis animasi ini adalah bentuk  media pembelajaran interaktif yang memiliki beberapa unsur seperti teks, audio, video, animasi, dan gambar yang proses pembuatannya  dari aplikasi adobe flash professional cs6. Tujuan dari pengembangan media interaktif  ini yaitu agar menjadi varian baru dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran secara efektif dan lebih beragam sesuai perkembangan media digital saat ini. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, dan Evaluate) yang sudah dimulai sejak tahun 1990-an yang dikembangkan oleh Dick dan Carry. Dalam analis penelitian subjek yang diambil adalah perwakilan siswa SMPN 1 Kalibaru kelas VII ,VIII dan IX , serta mengambil hasil validasi dari ahli media bidang animasi dari dosen dan mahasiwa teknologi informasi dari STIKOM Banyuwangi dan ahli materi dari guru seni budaya SMPN 1 Kalibaru. Oleh karena itu media pembelajaran animasi tersebut sudah layak dipergunakan sebagai media bahan ajar di SMPN 1 Kalibaru dengan hasil validasi yang telah dilakukan dan masuk syarat ketentuan yang telah disetujui oleh pihak sekolah yang terkait. Kata kunci: multimedia interaktif, seni budaya , pengembangan  model  IDDIE, validasi
PEMANFAATAN INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI TERHADAP PISO SUHUL GADING KHAS SUKU BATAK SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Jastisia Irenia , Salsabila Annida , Afifah Siti
Published: April 2022

Every region in Indonesia has a cultural heritage. Piso suhul gading is a legacy of traditional weapons typical of the lowly tribes that are historically but rarely known to the public. Piso suhul gading was used by the royal family but now used as a complement to the custom. Therefore, qualitative descriptive research is being done by conducting interviews and observations on ceremonies using the piso suhul gading. This research aims to analyze the piso suhul gading and create media eduction through an Instagram aimed at introducing piso suhul gading as one of Indonesia's cultural heritage.
Learning Arduino as a Simple River Water Level Detection System Based on Ultrasonic Sensors
Authors: Purwandani Bertha Anggita , Lianny Dimitra Ega , Anggraeni Melani Fitri , Fauziah Putri , Pramono Nugroho Adi , Hartawan Rahmat
Published: April 2022

Current technological advancements are rapidly and impact daily life. Developing technology can be applied in many programs, one of which is as a tool for education. As shown in this study, technology as a mode of learning can be implemented in daily life. This study examined Arduino programming to create a river water level detection system using an ultrasonic sensor. This research is expected to be used as a learning tool for using Arduino as a microcontroller and can be applied in daily life. Additionally, by developing this river water level detection system, it will be possible to mitigate flood disasters.
Media E-Learning Application Strategic PLADACYS: Planning, Design, and Action to Corporate Analysis-Based Android In the Strategic Management Course
Authors: Nora Elfia , Syhabudhin Syhabudhin , Suputra I Nyoman
Published: April 2022

Strategic Management, is a course that must be taken by all undergraduate students majoring in Management at the Faculty of Economics. And during this learning model that is applied face-to-face lecturers still often only use PPT media and provide tasks directly. The goal of the development of media e-learning Application Strategic PLADACYS (Planning, Design, and Action to Corporate Analysis-Based Android) in this strategic management course is to create and develop more innovative electronic learning media and provide more interactive learning media to students adjusting to the free learning curriculum.   Millennials are referring to technology. Learning tools developed in the form of e-learning media that can be installed on Android in the form of Strategic   Planning analysis (SPA) menu, Strategic design analysis  (SDA), Strategic action analysis (SAA) menus and menus in this application will contain a grouping of materials, tasks, and practices of strategic management lectures by following the symbol menu (SPA) Theory for planning, designing strategies with analytical tools.  (SDA) and looking for data to the company or industry as well as the practice of knowing the determinants of the company's success and analyzing (SAA). The development method carried out is the Borg &Gall development model [1] using waterfall grooves(waterfall)at the stage of development. The development stages begin with needs analysis, product planning, product development, trial/implementation (validation), revision, and report creation.  The product results in the form of Application Strategic PLADACYS (Planning, Design, and Action to Corporate Analysis-Based Android) as a learning medium in strategic management courses, and will be equipped with media application videos, as well as media usage instructions.
Completeness of Shopping Skills Media Features for Students with Mental Retardation at Special Junior High School: A Literature Review
Authors: Rizqianti Nindya Ayu , Ediyanto Ediyanto , Efendi Mohammad
Published: April 2022

The students with mental retardation ability in the shopping skills show that students are still not able to do it well. Several factors cause the inability of students with mental retardation in shopping skills, namely: students do not understand the concept of money, are often confused about arithmetic operations on money material, cheap and expensive concepts, and shopping activities. This study uses a systematic literature review method from articles that have been published and a descriptive method that aims to determine the variety of shopping skills media and the completeness of features that must exist in shopping skills media for students with mental retardation. The research results obtained from several studies on shopping skills media for students with mental retardation are relevant. It can be seen that there is still minimal development of shopping skills media. Another result is that using several types of shopping skills learning media can improve the shopping ability of students with mental retardation from the material aspect. From theory to practical aspects, they are iPad-based animated image and video media.
OTANTİK LİDERLİK VE GİRİŞİMCİLİK EĞİLİMLERİ İLİŞKİSİNDE ÖZ YETERLİLİK ALGISININ ARACILIK ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖRÜCÜ Edip , ZEYNALOVA Ulviyya
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, otantik liderlik, girişimcilik eğilimleri ve özyeterlilik algısı arasındaki ilişkileri tespit ederek etki düzeyine göre alandaki yazınlara katkıda bulunmaktır. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda bu değişkenlere yönelik sınırlı sayıda çalışmaların olması, bu çalışmayı önemli kılan bir faktör olmuştur.
Araştırma kısmı iki aşamadan oluşmuştur. İlk aşamada araştırma kapsamındaki değişkenlere yönelik daha önce yapılmış çalışmalarda, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş, anket formu oluşturulmuş ve veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler anket yolu ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma anketi Antalya ilinin Kemer ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren 2 dört yıldızlı ve 1 beş yıldızlı mavi yakalı otel çalışanlarına uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 240, örneklemini 130 çalışan kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem büyüklüğü, örneklem büyüklüğü tablosuna esas alınarak bulunmuştur.
Elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmış ve analize uygun anket formları veri dosyasına işlenmiştir. Konuya ilişkin hipotezler geliştirilmiş ve bu hipotezlerin doğrulukları, desteklenip desteklenmediği araştırılmıştır. Hipotezleri test etmek amacı ile korelasyon, hiyerarşik regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Hipotez testleri sonucu Otantik liderlik, girişimcilik eğilimleri ve özyeterlilik algısı arasındaki olumlu ilişkilerin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Otantik liderlik ve özyeterlilik algısının girişimcilik eğilimleri üzerinde kısmı aracılık etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ilerde bu alanda yapılacak diğer çalışmalara ışık tutması beklenmektedir.
CİNSİYETE DAYALI ÜCRET EŞİTSİZLİĞİ: İŞVEREN YÖNLÜ BİR ANALİZ
Authors: HALAÇLI Bekirhan , KARAALP-ORHAN Hacer Simay
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de cinsiyete dayalı ücret eşitsizliği işveren (emek talebi) açısından ele alınmış ve 81 ilde yayımlanmış özel sektör işverenleri tarafından verilen ücret bilgileri girilmiş tam zamanlı iş ilanlardan oluşan 2018 yılı İŞKUR (Türkiye İş Kurumu) açık iş ilanlarına dayalı veri seti kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada sıklık analizleri ve yüzdeler hesaplanarak yatay kesit veri analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre Türkiye’de erkeklere kadınlardan daha yüksek ücret ödendiği tespit edilmiştir. Ücret ortalaması (kadın ve erkekler için) en yüksek inşaat sektöründe, en düşük tarım sektöründedir. Cinsiyete dayalı ücret eşitsizliği en fazla tarım ve sırasıyla hizmetler, sanayi, inşaat sektörlerinde gözlenmiştir. Kadınlar ortalama olarak en yüksek ücreti teknik ressamlık, mühendislik ve teknikerlik gibi teknik mesleklerde alırken, erkekler genel müdürlük, usta öğretici, şoför, bilgisayar programcısı, kontrolör, şef, amir, eksper gibi uzmanlık gerektiren mesleklerde almıştır. Kadınlara en yüksek ücret Afyonkarahisar, Kars ve İstanbul; en düşük ücret Iğdır, Diyarbakır ve Kırıkkale’de ödenmiştir. Eğitim düzeyi arttıkça alınan ücret düzeyi kadınlar ve erkekler için artmıştır fakat tüm eğitim kademelerinde kadınlar erkeklerden daha düşük ücret almaktadır. Kadınlar en yüksek ücreti 20-24 yaş aralığında alırken, ücretlerin evlilik yaşıyla paralel olarak azaldığı fakat erkeklerin en yüksek ücreti 30-34 yaş aralığında aldığı ve ücretlerin tecrübeye göre arttığı tespit edilmiştir.
Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms among primary school children in Nigeria: a comparison of teachers and parent reports
Authors: Hogan Ekemini , Akpan Mkpouto , Ijezie Echey , Edem Kevin
Published: April 2022

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuro-behavioral disorders of childhood.Though ADHD is the most extensively studied neuro-behavioral disorder in childhood, its prevalence rate has not been documented in our environment. Aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence and subtypes of ADHD among primary school pupils living in Ikot-Ekpene, a semi-urban area in Nigeria’s rainforest.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1174 primary school pupils aged 6-12 years selected from twelve primary schools in Ikot Ekpene local government area of Akwa Ibom state. The Vanderbilt rating scale for both teachers and parents were administered by teachers and parents of the pupils and the prevalence rate of ADHD was determined.Results:  One hundred and forty-six pupils met the rating scale criteria for probable ADHD using the teacher’s scale with a prevalence of 12.4%, while 8.5% met the criteria using the parent’s scale.  Of the three different subtypes of ADHD, the hyperactive subtype was the most prevalent subtype on both the teacher’s and parent’s scales (52.7% and 46% respectively). The inattentive subtype was 32.9% and 33.0% on the teachers and parents scale respectively. The combined subtype was the least prevalent on both scales.Conclusions: Prevalence rate of ADHD in children is significant in our environment. Policies should be put in place to implement the screening test for ADHD under the school health program for the early identification of pupils with ADHD.
Management of carcinoma rectum in a tertiary care centre in Assam
Authors: Raju Likha , Ronya Rejum
Published: April 2022

Background: Rectal cancer is one of the frequent human malignant neoplasms and the second most common cancer in large intestine. Colorectal cancers, as one of the major public health problems, is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women in the world with a lifetime probability of 4.7-5%. It has been reported as the third leading cause of death in men and women in the United States.Methods: The study comprised of 40 cases of carcinoma rectum admitted in the seven surgical units of the department of surgery, Assam medical college and hospital, Dibrugarh, for a period of 1 (one) year from 2018 to 2019. The patients were selected based on the clinically suspected cases of carcinoma rectum and confirmation made upon by histopathological examinations and the necessary investigations. The patients were staged according to the TNM staging system.Results: A total of 40 patients examined. In 34 of the total 40 patients (85%), the growth could be felt per rectally and sigmoidoscopic biopsy where taken which confirmed the diagnosis. In our study, 26 (65%) patients belonged to the stage III correlating with their late presentation, 10 (25%) stage II and 5 % in stage I and IV. The surgical management varied according to the presentation and the status of the patient.Conclusions: In conclusion, a good clinico-pathological work-up in addition with adequate wide range of appropriate diagnostic interventions usage resulted in early diagnosis and timely surgical interventions and the necessary adjuvant therapies.
Burn out and depression in paramedical workers of tertiary care hospital during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kanwar Neeraj , Lal Roshan , Kumar Ramesh
Published: April 2022

Background: Medical/paramedical professionals are prone to various behavioral disorders due to work pressure. The aim of the study was to evaluate burnout and depression in paramedical workers of a tertiary care hospital during COVID-19.Methods: Paramedical health care workers were assessed using online questionnaire containing self-administered questionnaire in this cross-sectional study between March 2021 and May 2021. Burnout self-test, depression, and anxiety were measured.Results: In this study, only 2.6% had at very severe risk of burnout and 7.8% were at severe risk of burnout while 3.9% had no signs of burnout. Approximately 80% of the patients had no depression. While there were 19.5% had mild to severe depression. Only eight out of 77 subjects had clinically significant symptoms of anxiety. Two subjects were having comorbid illness.Conclusions: A considerable percentage of HCWs experience burnout, depression, and anxiety.
SARS-CoV-2: comparison of IgG levels at 9 months post second dose of vaccination in COVID-survivor and COVID-naïve healthcare workers
Authors: Shah Shagun B. , Chawla Rajiv , Rawal Sudhir K. , Mehta Anurag , Parkash Anuj
Published: April 2022

Background: Natural (asymptomatic/symptomatic COVID-19 infection) and artificial (vaccination) exposure to the pathogen represent two modes of acquiring active immunity. No definitive guidelines exist regarding whether COVID-survivors (with infection/re-infection/re-re-infection in the three COVID-19 waves) require a modified vaccination schedule. Most countries are offering a third vaccine dose and many are contemplating a fourth dose. Our aim was to gauge the IgG-antibody levels 9m post second vaccination in healthcare workers (HCW) and compare these with IgG-levels 1m post-vaccination in the same cohort for any decline, and to compare the post-vaccination IgG-levels in COVID-survivors and COVID-naïve HCW at 9m.Methods: This prospective observational single-centric cohort study included 63 HCW of either sex, aged 18-70y who completed 9m post-vaccination. The IgG-titre was tested at 9-10m post second vaccination in COVID-survivors and COVID-naïve HCW.Results: At 1m and 9m post-vaccination IgG-levels in COVID-survivors (23.097±4.58 and 15.103±4.367 respectively; p<0.0001) and COVID-naïve HCW (16.277±6.36 and 9.793±6.928 respectively; p=0.0013) had unequal variance (Welsch test; p=0.0022 at 9m). 9/31 COVID-naïve HCW but none of the 32 COVID-survivors tested COVID-positive in the second wave post second vaccination. 11/31 and 3/32 HCW belonging to the former and latter groups developed COVID-19 in the third wave consequently deferring their third/precautionary vaccination.Conclusions: Although HCW with IgG-levels in all brackets developed COVID-19, the severity of symptoms corresponded with the IgG-levels. COVID-19 is here to stay, but in peaceful co-existence in endemic proportions. Considering evidence that immunity acquired by vaccination/natural infection is ephemeral, re-invention of vaccines to match the ever-mutating virus is foreseen.
A prospective, post-marketing clinical study to evaluate the effectiveness of luliconazole 1% cream in treating cutaneous mycoses
Authors: Vartak Suneel , Petare Anup , Veligandla Krishna , Rathod Rahul , Paspulate Akhila , Mane Amey
Published: April 2022

Background: Superficial (or cutaneous) mycoses are fungal infections that affect the superficial layers of the skin, hair, and nails. Luliconazole is an azole antifungal, used in the treatment of infections caused by fungus and yeast. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of new topical formulation of luliconazole (1% w/w luliconazole with 1% pramoxine added as excipient) in patients with cutaneous mycoses.

Methods: Patients with cutaneous mycoses aged 18 years and older were included in the post-marketing open-label, monocentric, prospective study. Effectiveness was assessed on patients prescribed with new 1% w/w luliconazole cream. The primary endpoint was a change in itch severity as assessed on 10-point Visual analogue scale score. The secondary endpoints include the number of patients who achieved all-night relief from itching and the type of adverse events during the treatment. Clinical effectiveness for itching was assessed at different time points after baseline.

Results: The mean itch severity scores at 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 1 hour, 4 hour, and 8 hour time points were observed on 30 clinically diagnosed patients. A significant reduction of the mean±standard deviation score was observed from 6.82±0.72 at baseline to 3.37±1.68 after 8 hours. About 66.6% of patients achieved all-night relief from itching. There were no adverse events reported by any participant over the study duration.

Conclusions: This new topical formulation of luliconazole (1% w/w) containing 1% pramoxine as excipient significantly reduced itch in cutaneous mycoses with no reported adverse events. Large randomised controlled studies are required to confirm our findings.
A cross-sectional study of cutaneous changes during pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India
Authors: Chaudhary Azra Ferheen , Goel Shitij , Mehta Archana
Published: April 2022

Background: Women undergo profound changes during pregnancy, making them susceptible to a number of dermatological manifestations. We aimed to determine the frequency and pattern of skin changes during pregnancy.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 400 pregnant women presenting to the Outpatient department of a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India.

Results: A total of 400 pregnant mothers fulfilling inclusion criteria were included. The pigmentary changes were the most common physiological change seen in 90.8% (n=363) of pregnant women. The most common pigmentary change was secondary areola seen in 83% (n=332) women, followed by linea nigra seen in 37.5% (n=150) pregnant women. Vascular changes were seen in 13% (n=52), non- pitting pedal edema being the most common 10.25% (n=41). Connective tissue changes were seen in 62.25% (n=249) of pregnant women, striae gravidarum being the most common (n=242). The most common specific dermatoses of pregnancy was atopic eruption of pregnancy seen in 4.25% (n=17), followed by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (n= 14). 3 cases (0.75%) of Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy were seen. 1 case of Pemphigoid gestationis was seen in the third trimester. Approximately 17% of pregnant women were positive for infections among which fungal infection was the most common infection affecting pregnant women, seen in 11.2% (n=45) participants.

Conclusions: The dermatoses of pregnancy are common and have a range of dermatological manifestations apart from their specific pattern; in order to manage and treat them appropriately, proper attention needs to be given.
More than Words: Teacher Candidates Turn and Talk about the Hidden Messages in Children’s Literature
Authors: Archey Xochitl
Published: April 2022

Multicultural education curriculum often seems to get lost in the implicit biases of formal education. As K-12 classrooms continue to increase in linguistic, cultural, racial, gender, socioeconomic, and ability diversity, the call for educators to develop mind frames of equity becomes more urgent. This study asks teacher candidates to explore children’s literature for overt and covert messages of oppression, silencing, and indoctrination. Each theme is discussed within the context of picture books and their corresponding analysis. A suggested chart for selecting critically intelligent books is provided as a consolidated extension of the study’s findings.
International Students’ Lived Experiences with Intercultural Competence in a Southwest Florida University
Authors: Halpern Clarisse , Halpern Bruno , Aydin Hasan
Published: April 2022

Intercultural competence reflects higher education institutions’ commitment to the internationalization of campus, programs, and curricula and results in attracting/retaining international students. Numerous studies explore international students’ challenges adapting to the receiving country; however, limited research investigates their experiences with intercultural competence. Thus, a phenomenological study was conducted to investigate the lived experiences of 12 international students with intercultural competence at a Southwest Florida university. The constant comparison method identified three dimensions of the participants’ lived experiences: institutional, curricular, and interpersonal. The findings indicated a lack of intercultural competence in each dimension, significantly impacting students’ academic and social experiences.