bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORACIÓN DE BIOMARCADORES EPIGENÓMICOS RELACIONADOS CON LA ESQUIZOFRENIA EN EL TRASTORNO PSICÓTICO INDUCIDO POR CANNABIS
Authors: Machado Ana Sofia , Vieira-Coelho Maria , Sousa Alexandra , Rocha Vânia , Bragança Miguel
Published: November 2021

Objetivos: El trastorno psicótico inducido por cannabis (CIP) es cada vez más frecuente sin embargo no tiene una intervención terapéutica dirigida ni específica. La CIP puede tener una evolución aguda benigna o evolucionar a un trastorno psicótico funcional crónico como la Esquizofrenia (SZE). A pesar de que los estudios en animales proporcionan evidencia de que el cannabis desencadena mecanismos epigenéticos que interfieren con el desarrollo de procesos neurológicos y el uso de cannabis se considera un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de SZE, la información sobre la epigenética de la psicosis inducida por cannabis es escasa. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la presencia de mecanismos epigenéticos en genes relacionados con la SZE en pacientes con un trastorno psicótico inducido por cannabis y determinar la estabilidad de los marcadores epigenéticos con el tratamiento habitual frente a la intervención con psicoterapia grupal. Material y métodos: Proponemos un ensayo de diseño mixto que incluirá un grupo de pacientes con Trastorno por Consumo de Cannabis (CUD) y un grupo de pacientes con CUD y CIP. En la línea de base habrá una evaluación inicial con una entrevista clínica extensa para identificar factores ambientales específicos, evaluar síntomas negativos y positivos, estado cognitivo y funcional y consumo de cannabis y con recolección de muestras de sangre para análisis de cambios epigenéticos. Un grupo seleccionado de pacientes se inscribirá en psicoterapia grupal CANDIS. Esto se repetirá a los 12 meses junto con un nuevo análisis epigenético. Resultados y conclusiones: Este estudio nos ayudará a comprender la relación entre el cannabis y la psicosis. Además, esperamos identificar factores de riesgo ambientales y clínicos para el desarrollo de la psicosis con el consumo de cannabis y / o la evolución clínica a un trastorno psicótico crónico, así como, otros fatores para mejorar el tratamiento de estos pacientes.
AUMENTO DEL NÚCLEO PUTÁMEN EN PACIENTES CON UN PRIMER EPISODIO PSICÓTICO Y CONSUMO DE CANNABIS
Authors: Toll Privat Alba , Berge Baquero Daniel , Martínez Sadurn Laura , Legido Teresa , Palma Alvaro Jose , Perez Víctor , Mané Anna
Published: November 2021

Objetivos: Observar cómo la frecuencia del consumo de cannabis influye en los volúmenes de diferentes estructuras cerebrales en una muestra de primeros episodios psicóticos (PEP) drug – naive. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 50 PEP drug-naive (que fueron tratados en el programa ETEP del Hospital del Mar entre Abril de 2013 y Julio de 2017) con los criterios de inclusión: 1) Edad 18 – 65 años; 2) Criterios DMS-IV-TR para trastorno psicótico breve, trastorno esquizofreniforme, esquizofrenia o psicosis no especificada; 3) No antecedentes de enfermedad neurológica grave o traumatismo craneoencefalico; 4) CI > 80; 5) No antecedentes de trastorno por abuso/dependencia de sustancias (exceptuando cannabis y tabaco). Se realizó una evaluación basal donde se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, consumo de tabaco (cigarrillos/día), consumo de cannabis (no consumidor/consumo esporádico/consumo frecuente) y variables clínicas (DUP, PANSS, GAF y CDSS entre otras). Se realizó una RM estructural T1 y se cuantificaron los volúmenes cerebrales a través del software FreeSurfer. Se utilizó el programa SPSS para los análisis estadísticos. Resultados y conclusiones: Los PEP con un consumo de cannabis (tanto esporádico como frecuente) mostraron volúmenes del núcleo putámen significativamente más elevados que los pacientes no consumidores. El núcleo pútamen, junto con el núcleo caudado, constituyen el cuerpo estriado dorsal, el cual está implicado en el aprendizaje de hábitos y la conducta compulsiva. En voluntarios sanos, ya se ha descrito anteriormente un aumento del núcleo putámen en los consumidores de cannabis respecto a los no consumidores. Asimismo, se ha descrito un incremento del volumen de esta estructura en pacientes (y familiares) con trastorno adictivo. Además, al igual que nuestros resultados, otros estudios en PEP también han objetivado un mayor volumen del núcleo putámen en aquellos pacientes consumidores de cannabis. Este hecho sugiere una mayor impulsividad en este subgrupo de PEP.
PRIMER EPISODIO PSICÓTICO Y EL CONSUMO DE CANNABIS: ¿CUÁL ES EL IMPACTO EN LA COGNICIÓN?
Authors: Gonçalves Maria João , André Rita , Romão Joana , Saraiva Rodrigo , Andrade Gabriela , Fernandes Elsa , Abreu Manuela , Ismail Fátima
Published: November 2021

1.Objetivos: La prevalencia del trastorno por uso de cannabis (TUC) es <10% en la población general, llegando a 27,1% en la esquizofrenia. El 64% de personas con primer episodio psicótico (PEP) consumen cannabis, el 30% de los cuales presentan TUC. Los pacientes con diagnosis de PEP tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar consumo de cannabis de alta potencia (THC > 10%). Los déficits cognitivos en pacientes con esquizofrenia (con o sin consumo de cannabis) son determinantes para su funcionamiento, y parecen estar presentes desde el PEP. Revisar el conocimiento actual acerca de la asociación entre TUC y los déficits cognitivos en personas con PEP. 2.Material y métodos: Selección de artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 6 años; recerca en bases de datos utilizando la combinación de términos MeSH: “cannabis use”, “first-episode psychosis”y “cognitive impairment”. 3.Resultados y conclusiones: Los estudios desarrollados se han centrado en la relación entre el consumo de cannabis y cognición en PEP, con la evaluación de funciones neurocognitivas a registrar mayor afección en la atención, memoria verbal y funciones executivas. Sin embargo, algunos resultados han sido contradictorios debido a fatores como: heterogeneidad de cuadros clínicos (hay estudios con un enfoque en psicosis en general, incluyendo psicosis afectivas, mientras que otros se centran específicamente en esquizofrenia o PEP); El cannabis presenta tetrahidrocanabinol (THC) y canabidiol (CBD) que pueden tener efetos opuestos en la cognición. El THC tiene un efeto prejudicial y hay evidencia de que el CBD puede mejorar la cognición. Son necesarios nuevos estudios para evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de cannabis y disfunción cognitiva. Sin embargo, las muestras deben tener un tamaño significativo, uniformidad diagnostica y deben ser controlados los fatores confundentes en las variables evaluadas. Así, deben ser estudiadas las características diferenciales entre cuadros clínicos aisladamente para que los resultados pueden ser verificados y replicados.
EL NUEVO OPIOIDE SINTÉTICO ISOTONITACENO ES AUTOADMINISTRADO INTRAVENOSAMENTE POR ANIMALES DE LABORATORIO
Authors: Poza González Celia , Ucha Tortuero Marcos , Marcos Alberto , Garrido Lucía , Moreno Mario , Capellán Roberto , Higuera Alejandro , Ambrosio Emilio
Published: November 2021

OBJETIVOS El objetivo principal fue evaluar el potencial adictivo de un Nuevo Opioide Sintético (NOS), el Isotonitaceno, en animales de laboratorio. Esta droga ha causado numerosas muertes en consumidores desconociéndose, además, los mecanismos de acción últimos por los que se producen sus efectos adictivos. Dado que este NOS es más potente que la heroína, opioide que suele consumirse por pacientes con Trastornos de Personalidad, consideramos de utilidad valorar las características adictivas de esta nueva droga sintética. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Se utilizaron ratas Sprague-Dawley de ambos sexos en las que se evaluó la adquisición de la conducta de autoadministración intravenosa de Isotonitaceno (0’5 ug/kg) durante 19 días, comparada con la conducta de animales controles que se autoadministraron Vehículo (EtOH: Tween80: NaCl 0,9%, 1:1:8). A partir del día 20, se varió las dosis cada 3 días utilizando diferentes dosis de Isotonitaceno (0,125 ug/kg; 0,25 ug/kg; 0,34 ug/kg; 0,68 ug/kg; y 1,36 ug/kg) durante 12 días. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES A partir del noveno día se observaron diferencias muy claras entre ambos grupos, siendo estadísticamente significativa a partir del día 13. El análisis de la respuesta en función de la dosis muestra que el comportamiento de autoadministración es mayor a bajas concentraciones del Isotonitaceno, siendo la más consumida la de 0,125 ug/kg. Dada la validez ecológica del modelo animal de la autoadministración intravenosa de drogas, considerado como el mejor modelo animal que remeda la drogadicción en humanos, estos resultados sugieren que las propiedades adictivas del Isotonitaceno se adquieren y se mantienen con mayor facilidad a dosis bajas. Además, demuestran por primera vez en la literatura científica, que es posible conseguir que los animales se autoadministren este NOS, con lo que se abre el camino para futuras investigaciones neurobiológicas.
Integrating Digital Twin Technology Into Large Panel System Estates Retrofit Projects
Authors: Duch-Zebrowska Paulina , Zielonko-Jung Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

As sustainability is now a standard for the proposed developments, the focus ought to be shifted towards the existing buildings and, among them, the worldwide stock of large panel system (LPS) buildings. Major upgrades and retrofits were done to some of the LPS estates in Germany and France, but a leading sustainable way must still be developed for LPS buildings in Eastern European countries, where apartments in those half-a-century-old estates are privately owned. Both sustainability and ownership issues make the demolition option redundant, and therefore the method for deep thermal retrofit and urban intervention is being developed with the use of BIM simulation tools. Digital twin (DT) technology allows for calibration to intertwine with the Internet of Things applications that reward the inhabitants for sustainable behaviour while feeding the relevant data back to the DT. Thanks to this, smart technology can be used to raise the level of social participation in the projects and thus help educate the end-users, which is paramount in establishing and maintaining good ecological habits, and as such, also for the efficacy and viability of the final endeavour. This article proposes a procedure of creating a 3D model typology repository for facilitating DT technology to provide a good analytical tool for community consultation and enable virtual testing of technical and urban solutions before implementation. It aims to determine the method for virtual technology to give deteriorating estates a new lease of life and improve their perception in the wider community while being a conduit for the adaptation of CEE to the digital revolution.
Papillomaviral infection: risk factors of cervical neoplastic progression
Authors: Shipitsyna Е. V. , Babkina K. A. , Orzheskovskaya Е. А. , Savicheva А. M.
Published: November 2021

Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays the important role in the etiology of the cervical cancer. Considering that the cancer is very rare consequence of HPV-infection and even the high-grade lesions may spontaneously regress, search for the factors capable of predicting disease progression is of great significance. In the present review results of researches into risk factors of developing cervical cancer are summarized. Some virus-associated factors, such as infection with oncogenic types and variants of human papillomavirus, viral load, integration of viral DNA into cell genome, as well as host factors - polymorphism of p53 gene encoding a key apoptotic protein, loss of heterozygosity, tumor suppressor genes hypermethylation - are analyzed in terms of their prognostic value.
Blockage of the intestines in the ilo-cocaine area; movable intestine and its expansion
Authors: Ado E. I. , Pshenichnov F. V.
Published: November 2021

In this session, we will allow ourselves to draw your attention to an extremely interesting case; observed in our clinic.
Optimization of the diagnosis process in large medical
Authors: Bakirov R. S. , Yarullin A. Kh. , Zaripov R. A.
Published: November 2021

The diagnosis process scheme in the diagnosis centres of large multi profile hospitals introducing the unit of the physician-diagnostician and the computer system is suggested. The examination and treatment of 1890 patients by this scheme made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from seven-nine days to one-two days, and the number of prescribed and performed instrumental examinations made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from 11 15 days to four-five days per one patient.
Neurologic manifestation in children parenterally infected by AIDS
Authors: Burdaeva T. Yu. , Bobrysheva N. V.
Published: November 2021

The rate and spectrum of central nervous system lesion in children parenterally infected by AIDS the rate of clinical manifestations of lesions, life duration of such children are established. The differential diagnosis of nervous system lesion is made difficult due to the high rate of combining various symptoms in one patient, hence there are the complications of selecting the treatment tactics. Tomography, nuclear magnet resonance, brain biopsy should be used, neuropsychologic testing with standard tests should be performed to reveal the early signs of progressive encephalopathy.
Two cases of gastrointestinal trichobezoar in children
Authors: Grebnev P. N. , Mustafin Ya. M. , Bulashov V. I. , Tanyashin M. V. , Suchkov O. M. , Andreev A. V. , Khabibullina G. F.
Published: November 2021

Trichobezoars are among the rare foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract. They occur more often in girls who have a bad habit of biting and swallowing hair. Gradually in the stomach forms a hard-to-separate ball of hair, resembling a tumor. In our practice, we observed two. cases of trichobezoar gastrointestinal tract in girls 7 and 8 years.
On the problems in rural of nonworking pregnant women
Authors: Pokhodenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

In order to study the peculiarities of pregnancy and labor course in nonworking women in rural area the indices obtained are analysed in two groups of women: the first (basic) group 144 nonworking pregnants, the control group 156 working pregnants. The complications of pregnancy, in labor and postlabor period are more often in the basic group to anemias, hestoses and kidney diseases, fetus hypotrophy was revealed two times more often. It is possible to avoid some complications of pregnancy and to improve health of women in rural area by introducing the complex of medicosocial measures.
On venous insufficiency
Authors: Mirolyubov B. M. , Mirolyubov M. G. , Mirolyubov L. M.
Published: November 2021

Venous insufficiency is very common and requires the attention not only of angiosurgeons but also of general surgeons. "The widespread dissemination of venous diseases does not allow to solve the problem of their treatment only by surgeons of specialized hospitals. It is impossible to disagree with this statement. However, in order to solve this problem on such a scale, we need a unified system of views or concept, which would be clear to every surgeon and generally accepted in Russia for a certain period of time.
Comparative efficiency of the therapy with grandaxine of psychopathologic manifestations of climacteric syndrome
Authors: Mendelevich V. D.
Published: November 2021

The results of studies of grandaxine efficiency in the treatment of psychopathologic manifestations of climacteric syndrome in 217 patients with asthenic, senestopathic and hypochondriac, anxiety and depressive, and hysteric variants of climacteric psychic disorders are given. Grandaxine proved to be a highly effective drug in arresting asthenic and to a lesser degree anxiety and depressive variants.
Drinking water quality in Zelenodolsk District and the health status of the child population
Authors: Shigapov R. M. , Garipova A. G.
Published: November 2021

Indicators of total hardness (from 1.4 to 1.9 times the norm), concentrations of iron (from 1.1 to 2.2 times) and manganese (up to 1.2 times) remain stably high in the Zelenodolsky district as a whole. During the whole observed period, nitrites and polyphosphates, which should not be present in drinking water, were detected, though in small amounts. Organoleptic indicators deteriorated, although they do not exceed standard annual averages. This is probably due to some increase in dry residue, sulfates and chlorides, are able to change the taste and smell even when reaching half of the normative values.
Velocity compensation and practical aspects for high-temperature ultrasonic testing
Authors: Stevenson T , Wang Chuangnan
Published: November 2021

Increasingly, the need for on-stream asset integrity, where inspections are carried out while components are still operating to reduce the disruption and impact of outages, is required at elevated temperatures. For example, a typical hydrocarbon refinery has process units with surface
temperatures in excess of 500°C, where internal corrosion of the typically steel components needs to be monitored by testing, to maintain safe and reliable operation. This is ubiquitously carried out by means of ultrasonic testing (UT). As high-temperature tools increasingly become available,
the accuracy of thickness measurements is often questioned due to the intrinsic link between the measured time-of-flight (TOF) and the characteristic speed of sound of the material. The velocity, in turn, is a factor of the elastic modulus of the material, which is inversely proportional to
temperature in steel. Historically, international standards and practices publish correction factors for generic steel materials, but increasingly the desire for more accurate determination is required with more advanced tools and techniques. Here, the velocity as a function of temperature
is determined through experimental study for two common carbon steels that may see service at elevated temperatures, and the correction factor is shown by application to a typical corrosion mapping survey at elevated temperature. The errors associated with variable velocity are shown to be
effectively minimised below the normal variability of ultrasonic testing.
Review of ultrasonic testing technology for bonding interfaces of solid rocket motors
Authors: Ji W S , Zhou Z L , Zhang H , Zheng S
Published: November 2021

The internal structure of heavy-calibre rocket engines, as used in army ordnance, is a multi-interface bonding structure. The bonding quality between layers has an important impact on safety when shooting, so it must be tested before use in the field. In this paper, the progress of
research into ultrasonic testing (UT) technology for the interface bonding of solid rocket motors is reviewed from the two aspects of testing methods and signal processing technology. Future work is also discussed.
The Medium-to-Short-Term Earthquake Predictions in China and Their Evaluations Based on the R-Score
Authors: Yu Huaizhong , Yuan Zhengyi , Yu Chen , Zhang Xiaotao , Gao Rong , Chang Yulong , Zhang Weijia , Zhao Binbin , Peng Keyin , Liu Jie
Published: November 2021

The earthquake tendency consultations in China, which have been carried out by the China Earthquake Administration for more than 40 yr, are really forward prediction of earthquakes. The results, experiences, and data accumulation are valuable for seismic researches. In this article, the annual, monthly, and weekly predictions produced by the regular earthquake tendency consultations and the rapid postearthquake tendency prediction derived from the irregular ones are presented systematically. In the regular predictions, the areas where earthquakes tend to occur are identified by specific space–time windows. To evaluate the efficiency of the predictions, we apply the R-score method to all the medium-to-short-term efforts. The R-score has been used as a routine tool to test annual predictions in China, in which the hit rate and the percentage of spatial alarms over the whole territory are taken into consideration. Results show that the annual R-scores, during the period of 1990–2020, increased gradually, with the average of 0.293. The examples in 2018 indicate that a considerable proportion of earthquakes with the Ms 5.0 and above were detected by the annual prediction; some earthquakes were detected by the monthly prediction, whereas just only a few earthquakes could be detected by the weekly prediction. The corresponding R-scores are 0.46, 0.11, and 0.002, decreasing obviously with reduction of the prediction time windows, and the smallest one, which is very close to zero, may suggest the minimum time scale for an effective earthquake prediction. We also evaluated efficiency of the irregular predictions by analyzing the practices of 29 Ms≥5.0 earthquakes since January 2019 and found that it is highly possible to do rapid postearthquake tendency prediction in China.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE BTD E PERSISTÊNCIA DE RESULTADOS: UM ESTUDO APÓS LEI Nº 12.973/2014 NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Lopes Weslei Camelo , Macedo Marcelo Alvaro da Silva , Sarlo Neto Alfredo
Published: November 2021

O estudo analisa se há mudança no efeito da relação entre Book-Tax Difference (BTD) sobre a persistência de resultados após a Lei nº 12.973/2014. Foi feita uma análise comparativa da BTD antes e após a regulamentação do regime tributário definitivo. A amostra utiliza 1.985 observações dos anos de 2005 e 2017 da Economática® das companhias não financeiras abertas listadas na B3 e adaptação do modelo de Tang (2006). A regressão foi testada por meio de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO) e constatou-se que a persistência de resultados do ano anterior possui relação positiva com a persistência atual. Isto sugere que o mercado é capaz de prever desempenhos futuros a partir dos lucros correntes. Em relação à BTD, somente a temporária apresentou significância estatística e no período de adoção das IFRS enquanto vigorava o Regime Tributário de Transição. Ou seja, é possível que tenha havido práticas que evidenciariam uma busca por melhoria de resultados das companhias neste período.
Three-Dimensional Printing of Food Foams Stabilized by Hydrocolloids for Hydration in Dysphagia
Authors: Lee Amelia Yilin , Pant Aakanksha , Pojchanun Kanitthamniyom , Lee Cheng Pau , An Jia , Hashimoto Michinao , Tan U-Xuan , Leo Chen Huei , Wong Gladys , Chua Chee Kai , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2021

Three-dimensional food printing offers the possibility of modifying the structural design, nutrition, and texture of food, which may be used for consumers with special dietary requirements such as dysphagic patients. One of the food matrices that can be used for liquid delivery to dysphagic patients is food foams. Foams are widely used in different food products to adjust food density, rheological properties, and texture. Foams allow the food to stay in the mouth for sufficient time to provide hydration while minimizing the danger of choking. Our work studies the foam properties and printability of both egg white foams and eggless foams with a strong focus on their foaming properties, rheological properties, printability, and suitability for dysphagic patients. Food hydrocolloid, xanthan gum (XG), is added to improve foam stability and rheological properties so that the inks are printable. Rheological and syneresis properties of the pre-printed foam inks are examined. The texture profile and microstructure properties are studied post-printing. International dysphagia diet standardization initiative tests are carried out to assess the inks’ potential for dysphagic diets. Inks with XG performed better with minimal water seepage, better foam stability, and excellent printability. This suggests that hydrocolloids lead to more stable food foams that are suitable for 3DFP and safe for hydration delivery to dysphagic patients.
Ecologically Friendly Biofunctional Ink for Reconstruction of Rigid Living Systems Under Wet Conditions
Authors: Avila-Ramírez Alan , U. Valle-Pérez Alexander , Susapto Hepi Hari , Pérez-Pedroza Rosario , R. Briola Giuseppina , Alrashoudi Abdulelah , Khan Zainab , Bilalis Panayiotis , A. E. Hauser Charlotte
Published: November 2021

The development of three-dimensional (3D)-printable inks is essential for several applications, from industrial manufacturing to novel applications for biomedical engineering. Remarkably, biomaterials for tissue engineering applications can be expanded to other new horizons; for instance, restoration of rigid living systems as coral reefs is an emergent need derived from recent issues from climate change. The coral reefs have been endangered, which can be observed in the increasing bleaching around the world. Very few studies report eco-friendly inks for matter since most conventional approaches require synthetic polymer, which at some point could be a pollutant depending on the material. Therefore, there is an unmet need for cost-effective formulations from eco-friendly materials for 3D manufacturing to develop carbonate-based inks for coral reef restoration. Our value proposition derives from technologies developed for regenerative medicine, commonly applied for human tissues like bone and cartilage. In our case, we created a novel biomaterial formulation from biopolymers such as gelatin methacrylate, poly (ethylene glycol diacrylate), alginate, and gelatin as scaffold and binder for the calcium carbonate and hydroxyapatite bioceramics needed to mimic the structure of rigid structures. This project presents evidence from 2D/3D manufacturing, chemical, mechanical, and biological characterization, which supports the hypothesis of its utility to aid in the fight to counteract the coral bleaching that affects all the marine ecosystem, primarily when this is supported by solid research in biomaterials science used for living systems, it can extend tissue engineering into new approaches in different domains such as environmental or marine sciences.
3D Printing of Tricalcium Phosphate/Poly Lactic-coglycolic Acid Scaffolds Loaded with Carfilzomib for Treating Critical-sized Rabbit Radial Bone Defects
Authors: Li Ye , Xie Kegong , Wang Chong , Yang Chengliang , Huang Ke , Li Feng , Zheng Chuanchuan , Chen Jian , Dong Shujun , Deng Guangfeng , Huang Gege , Lu Qiaoyan , Liu Jia , Li Kai , Tang Yujin , Wang Liqiang
Published: November 2021

The rapid development of scaffold-based bone tissue engineering strongly relies on the fabrication of advanced scaffolds and the use of newly discovered functional drugs. As the creation of new drugs and their clinical approval often cost a long time and billions of U.S. dollars, producing scaffolds loaded with repositioned conventional drugs whose biosafety has been verified clinically to treat critical-sized bone defect has gained increasing attention. Carfilzomib (CFZ), an approved clinical proteasome inhibitor with a much fewer side effects, is used to replace bortezomib to treat multiple myeloma. It is also reported that CFZ could enhance the activity of alkaline phosphatase and increase the expression of osteogenic transcription factors. With the above consideration, in this study, a porous CFZ/β-tricalcium phosphate/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid scaffold (designated as “cytidine triphosphate [CTP]”) was produced through cryogenic three-dimensional (3D) printing. The hierarchically porous CTP scaffolds were mechanically similar to human cancellous bone and can provide a sustained CFZ release. The implantation of CTP scaffolds into critical-sized rabbit radius bone defects improved the growth of new blood vessels and significantly promoted new bone formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that shows that CFZ-loaded scaffolds could treat nonunion of bone defect by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results suggest that the loading of repositioned drugs with effective osteogenesis capability in advanced bone tissue engineering scaffold is a promising way to treat criticalsized defects of a long bone.
Toward Mass Customization Through Additive Manufacturing: An Automated Design Pipeline for Respiratory Protective Equipment Validated Against 205 Faces
Authors: Li Shiya , Tan Yongxuan , Willis Samuel , Bahshwan Mohanad , Folkes Joseph , Kalossaka Livia , Waheed Usman , Myant Connor
Published: November 2021

Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is traditionally designed through anthropometric sizing to enable mass production. However, this can lead to long-standing problems of low-compliance, severe skin trauma, and higher fit test failure rates among certain demographic groups, particularly females and non-white ethnic groups. Additive manufacturing could be a viable solution to produce custom-fitted RPE, but the manual design process is time-consuming, cost-prohibitive and unscalable for mass customization. This paper proposes an automated design pipeline which generates the computer-aided design models of custom-fit RPE from unprocessed three-dimensional (3D) facial scans. The pipeline successfully processed 197 of 205 facial scans with <2 min/scan. The average and maximum geometric error of the mask were 0.62 mm and 2.03 mm, respectively. No statistically significant differences in mask fit were found between male and female, Asian and White, White and Others, Healthy and Overweight, Overweight and Obese, Middle age, and Senior groups.
Development of a Multi-Material 3D Printer for Functional Anatomic Models
Authors: Jaksa Laszlo , Pahr Dieter , Kronreif Gernot , Lorenz Andrea
Published: November 2021

Anatomic models are important in medical education and pre-operative planning as they help students or doctors prepare for real scenarios in a risk-free way. Several experimental anatomic models were made with additive manufacturing techniques to improve geometric, radiological, or mechanical realism. However, reproducing the mechanical behavior of soft tissues remains a challenge. To solve this problem, multi-material structuring of soft and hard materials was proposed in this study, and a three-dimensional (3D) printer was built to make such structuring possible. The printer relies on extrusion to deposit certain thermoplastic and silicone rubber materials. Various objects were successfully printed for testing the feasibility of geometric features such as thin walls, infill structuring, overhangs, and multi-material interfaces. Finally, a small medical image-based ribcage model was printed as a proof of concept for anatomic model printing. The features enabled by this printer offer a promising outlook on mimicking the mechanical properties of various soft tissues.
A Pessoa Idosa e a Busca do Sentido. Um Olhar de Esperança
Authors: ZANATTA Cleia , CAMPOS Luís Antônio Monteiro , COELHO Patricia Damiana da Silva
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to propose a reflection on the importance of the meaning of life for the elderly person. It is known that the phenomenon of aging gains visibility worldwide and points to numerous challenges, especially for some 30 million elderly people in Brazil, according to IBGE statistics. At this stage of life recognizing the potential, beyond stereotypes about aging contributes to minimizing the possible challenges. Through the review of the literature on research in the field of aging it is observed that a significant number of these elderly people are concentrated in the losses and declines that occurred in this stage. However, it becomes possible to broaden the understanding of this phase of life by considering the concepts of Logotherapy. According to Viktor Frankl, the man, endowed with his noetic dimension, driven by the search for meaning in life, walks in search of the values of creation, experience and attitude. As a sense-seeker, the elderly person becomes capable of finding, in his existential walk one for which to live, which enables him to continue drawing meaning in the adverse situations of life. Being able to focus on achievements along the way, the challenges faced, and the experiences recognized as valuable, can help make the stage of aging meaningful. Values can continue as paths that point to meaning, and such a possibility should not be wasted on the road of life. With hope and accumulated wisdom, the elderly person is able to respond to what life calls in a committed and meaningful way. Palavras-chave : Elderly; Logotherapy; Meaning.
Uma Reflexão sobre a Fenomenologia da Experiência Estética: O Caso do Teatro
Authors: GEROMINI Jenifer Cortes Demeterco
Published: November 2021

Art, a fundamentally human subject, has become an important field of study in both philosophy and psychology. It is deemed relevant to think of it from a phenomenological perspective, that regards artistic activities not as a representation, but as an expression. This study aims to consider the actor's/actress's activities based on the book Phénoménologie de l'experience esthétique, the main work by Mikel Dufrenne, a phenomenologist who wrote the most extensive study regarding aesthetics in phenomenology. This task has been accomplished in two stages: a possible explanation about the aesthetic experience as proposed by Dufrenne and, from it, the construction of a reflection about a theater artist's work. The role that art and, above all, the artist plays in the resignification of the world becomes evident, as he is the one who offers the viewer, through an immanent intersubjectivity, a world expressed as a novelty. It is understood that, in addition to the study of specific topics, the study of aesthetic experience in phenomenology, from the Dufrennian perspective, may prove relevant to the comprehension of the human phenomenon in general. Palavras-chave : Aesthetic experience; Phenomenology; Art; Theater.
Uma Formação Pedagógico-Reflexiva em Psicologia: Análise de Diários de Aprendizagem
Authors: LOPES Juliana Crespo , LIMA Francielly de Oliveira Müller , FREIRE Sandra Ferraz de Castilho Dourado , PULINO Lucia Helena Cavasin Zabotto
Published: November 2021

The present article aimed, through the analysis of learning diaries, to discuss about the possibilities that a psychology university degree which promotes reflection and shelters students' thoughts and emotions can have in the training of psychology students. Were analyzed thirteen learning logs written by students of the sixth semester of an undergraduate degree course in Psychology enrolled in a discipline related to the Person Centered Approach.The logs were written based on the Sense's Version, after each class, with indication of free writing. Thematic Analysis was used, and from it six themes emerged that demonstrated the importance of building an academic context that promotes the facilitating conditions for personal and professional development. Palavras-chave : Psychology Degree; Learning Log; Reflection Process; Core Conditions to Facilitate Learning; Person Centered Approach.
Intelligent system for collecting and analyzing information about the actions of users of an automated enterprise management system
Authors: Vinogradova M.V. , Larionov A.S. , Chernenky V.M.
Published: November 2021

Currently, most modern manufacturing companies use automated information systems to account for resources and plan their activities. The functionality of these systems often becomes very extensive and actively changes over time. It is required to maintain the competence of employees when working with them, for which enterprise knowledge bases are created, which, however, themselves require significant labor costs to build. This paper describes methods and tools for collecting and analyzing information about the actions of users in an automated enterprise management system, which allows you to identify problems in its business processes and the most frequent mistakes of employees. Under the basic information system of the enterprise we mean the software complexes for resource management and control of production activities. One of the most common samples are products based on 1C: Enterprise platform. These systems include advanced functionality of the accounting of user actions, where the type and time of events is recorded, as well as instances of related objects. Common intelligent systems for automating the filling of knowledge bases concentrate on the generation of materials directly from the data structure of the main information system, or analysis of already existing documents in natural language. The approach we propose is not aimed at completely replacing a human expert, but at providing him with up-to-date information about the needs of users in the order of compiling knowledge base materials. The information system of an enterprise is represented by a discrete dynamic system, whose elements change state as a result of user actions. Users' interactions with the information system are recorded as time-ordered sequences of elementary events, which are stored in a special logbook. The subject area structure and business processes of the core information system are described in a knowledge base in the form of a graph structure. Its elements include human-readable materials and a set of metadata, allowing their analysis by algorithmic methods. Based on the results of the work, an approach to identify the most relevant materials for the composition of the knowledge base materials is developed. It is based on algorithmic analysis of the actions of users of the basic information system and the calculation of the amount of time that users spend to eliminate emerging problems. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach developed a simulation model and conducted experiments to estimate the downtime of users, depending on the method of filling the knowledge base.
Development of a method for assessing the quality of machine translation based on ensemble methods in machine learning
Authors: Kozina A.V. , Belov Yu.S.
Published: November 2021

Automatically assessing the quality of machine translation is an important yet challenging task for machine translation research. Translation quality assessment is understood as predicting translation quality without reference to the source text. Translation quality depends on the specific machine translation system and often requires post-editing. Manual editing is a long and expensive process. Since the need to quickly determine the quality of translation increases, its automation is required. In this paper, we propose a quality assessment method based on ensemble supervised machine learning methods. The bilingual corpus WMT 2019 for the EnglishRussian language pair was used as data. The text data volume is 17089 sentences, 85% of the data was used for training, and 15% for testing the model. Linguistic functions extracted from the text in the source and target languages were used as features for training the system, since it is these characteristics that can most accurately characterize the translation in terms of quality. The following tools were used for feature extraction: a free language modeling tool based on SRILM and a Stanford POS Tagger parts of speech tagger. Before training the system, the text was preprocessed. The model was trained using three regression methods: Bagging, Extra Tree, and Random Forest. The algorithms were implemented in the Python programming language using the Scikit learn library. The parameters of the random forest method have been optimized using a grid search. The performance of the model was assessed by the mean absolute error MAE and the root mean square error RMSE, as well as by the Pearsоn coefficient, which determines the correlation with human judgment. Testing was carried out using three machine translation systems: Google and Bing neural systems, Mouses statistical machine translation systems based on phrases and based on syntax. Based on the results of the work, the method of additional trees showed itself best. In addition, for all categories of indicators under consideration, the best results are achieved using the Google machine translation system. The developed method showed good results close to human judgment. The system can be used for further research in the task of assessing the quality of translation.
Application of intelligent technologies for modeling of controlled switching systems
Authors: Openkin D.Y. , Chernomordov S.V.
Published: November 2021

The development of instrumental and methodological support for modeling nonlinear control systems with switching is an urgent problem. Various modifications of numerical optimization methods and artificial intelligence technologies are used to solve this problem. The purpose of this article is to develop algorithmic software for modeling controlled switching systems based on the use of intelligent technologies and numerical optimization methods. Algorithmic software for the synthesis of feedback controls using a PID controller is developed. Intelligent technologies for modeling controlled switching systems are characterized. An algorithm using global parametric optimization methods is proposed for tuning the PID controller. Models of nonlinear dynamic switching systems are studied. An algorithm for finding optimal trajectories based on neural network automata is proposed. The basis for further research is developed, in which it is planned to create a software implementation of the switching algorithm and the neural network algorithm. The practical significance of the results is that the developed algorithmic software will allow analyzing the influence of various parameters on the quality and speed of functioning of intelligent control switching systems. The obtained results can be used in various problems of modeling and global optimization of controlled systems: technical systems with switching modes of operation, transport systems, as well as in problems of neural network modeling and machine learning.
Application of the extended Mattis-Bardeen theory for the calculation of reflection coefficient of superconducting NbTiN thin films
Authors: Khan F.V. , Khudchenko A.V. , Koshelets V.P.
Published: November 2021

Problem formulating. NbTiN is becoming the subject of interest because of unique properties in RF. Therefore, the problem of investigation of this material’s electrical properties rises sharply. Goal. This work is aimed at theoretical description of the superconductive films’ reflection coefficient with considering imaginary part of the superconductive gap and to apply the results to calculate the reflection coefficient from NbTiN film at frequencies up to 2500 GHz. Result. The formulas for calculation of the reflection coefficient with high precision was obtained. Parameters of NbTiN were calculated. Practical meaning. Currently there are many factors which reduce the quality of NbTiN films and thus restricting their application. Therefore, the proposed method of calculations is useful in research activities in this area.
The approach to increasing the efficiency of convolution algorithms in modern high-availability systems
Authors: Goncharov E.I. , Iljin P.L. , Munerman V.I. , Samoylova T.A.
Published: November 2021

Most modern high-availability information systems are either based on systems that are classified as artificial intelligence, or to a large extent include them as components. The solution of many problems of artificial intelligence is based on the use of algorithms that implement the convolution operation (for example, algorithms for training neural networks). The article proposes an approach that, on the one hand, provides a strict formalization of this operation based on the algebra of multidimensional matrices, and on the other hand, due to this, it provides such practical advantages as simplifying and reducing the cost of developing such information systems, as well as reducing the execution time of queries to them. due to the simplicity of the development of parallel algorithms and programs and the efficient use of parallel computing systems. Convolution is an indispensable operation for solving many scientific and technical problems, such as machine learning, data analysis, signal processing, image processing filters. An important role is played by multidimensional convolutions, which are widely used in various subject areas. At the same time, due to the complexity of the algorithms that implement them, in practice even three-dimensional convolutions are used much less frequently than one- and two-dimensional ones. Replacing a multidimensional convolution operation with a sequence of convolution operations of lower dimensions significantly increases its computational complexity. The main reason for this lies in the absence of a unified strict definition of the operation and overload in mathematics of the term «convolution». Therefore, the article discusses a multidimensional-matrix computation model, which allows one to effectively formalize problems whose solution uses multidimensional convolution operations, and to implement an effective solution to these problems due to the natural parallelism inherent in the operations of the algebra of multidimensional matrices.
Evaluation of the timing covert channel capacity considering packet transfer time distribution
Authors: Belozubova A.I. , Epishkina A.V. , Kogos K.G.
Published: November 2021

Lampson was the first to introduce a covert channel as a channel that was not designed for information transmission. The problem of information leakage via network covert channels has a large scale due to the facts that IP protocol is widely used and has a lot of features to use it for hidden information transmission. Usually covert channels are divided into two groups by transmission technic: storage and timing covert channels. In the paper authors provide brief survey for network timing and storage covert channels as well as methods of information leakage counteraction. According to best practices, information systems and infrastructure have an information security policy with the requirements about allowable level of covert channel capacity. However, to take a decision about any method activation it is important not to allow underestimation of covert channel capacity. For the effective prevention of information leakage via network covert channels authors suggest a way to assess timing covert channel capacity. Two binary timing channels have been investigated: on/off and channel based on inter packet intervals modulation. In on/off covert channel the sender sends a packet during a preliminarily agreed time interval to transmit the bit «1» and does not send to transmit the bit «0». In a covert channel based on inter packet intervals modulation the sender sends packets with different time intervals defining different bits. The scientific novelty consists in taking into account network load conditions while assessing maximum amount of information that can be stealthily transmitted from secure infrastructure to an illegitimate receiver beyond secure perimeter. Authors investigated cases when packet transfer time from the sender to the receiver in the network (PTT) is defined by normal and exponential distribution – the most common distribution according to current research. Covert channel capacity is evaluated as a function of covert channel parameters and parameters of the PTT distribution (DPTT). Conducted research shows that in case when secure officer does not take into account typical load for the network and DPTT type maximum covert channel capacity will most likely be underestimated. If allowable level of covert channel capacity is set up, obtained results allow to take right decision about activation of countermeasures to prevent information leakage.