bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nepotism and Employee Innovation: The Mediating Role of Perceived Fairness and the Moderating Role of Organizational Transparency
Authors: Diola Darwin , Arcadio Anderson Ray
Published: September 2024

Nepotism in the tourism and hospitality industry, educational institutions, and government affect fairness while stifling employee innovation —critical to maintaining competitive advantage and organizational growth. This study examines the impact of nepotism on employee innovation, particularly examining the mediating role of perceived fairness and the moderating influence of organizational transparency. The analysis reveals that the indirect effect of nepotism on innovation, mediated by perceived fairness, is statistically insignificant (β = 0.00, p = .422). Furthermore, the direct effect of nepotism on innovation is significant and negative (β = -0.06, p = .018), indicating that nepotism directly hinders innovation within organizations. While perceived fairness decreases under nepotism, this effect is insignificant (β = -0.02, p = .116). Additionally, perceived fairness does not significantly impact employee innovation (β = -0.20, p = .351), suggesting that variations in fairness perceptions do not substantially affect innovation. Organizational transparency significantly moderates the relationship between nepotism and perceived fairness (β = 0.29, p = .006), indicating that higher transparency can mitigate the adverse effects of nepotism on fairness perceptions. However, transparency does not significantly influence the relationship between perceived fairness and innovation or the indirect effect of nepotism on innovation (p > .05). These results indicate that transparency may improve the perception of fairness in nepotistic environments; however, it does not generate sufficient innovation. Consequently, to encourage innovation in environments where nepotism is prevalent, organizations should explore alternative mechanisms beyond transparency, such as implementing leadership development programs and cultivating a meritocratic culture. Additional research is required to identify mediators connecting nepotism to employee innovation.
Temperature as a criterion for classification of cold, warm, and hot cracking
Authors: Karastojković Zoran
Published: September 2024

In this paper the temperature is used as a criterion for the classification of cold, warm, and hot cracks instead of traditional criteria based on the manufacturing process (casting, rolling, forging, welding).
Influence of incremental sheet forming and PWHT on the structural integrity of vessel heads made of steel P355NL2+H
Authors: Vukojević Nedeljko , Ištvanić Zlatan , Hadžikadunić Fuad , Bajtarević-Jeleč Amna
Published: September 2024

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) of torispherical vessel heads causes hardening of surface layers. The strengthening of the material can cause formation of initial cracks, and in combination with welding and residual stresses can cause the appearance of brittle fracture. The focus of the research is the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the welded joint. Post weld heat treatment can reduce but also increase negative effects, as is the subject of analysis in this paper. Experimental research was carried out on a sheet of high-quality steel grade P355NL2+H. Research included determining actual mechanical properties of the welded joint, impact energy testing, hardness testing, measurement of residual stresses, as well as fracture mechanics tests on samples taken from the welded joint zone of finally formed vessel heads. An integrity assessment procedure was carried out for the assumed values of internal pressure and for a hypothetical crack on the outer contour of the vessel head, and the results are presented graphically (failure assessment diagram). Analyses were carried out on samples taken from finished vessel heads, before and after normalisation.
Production development of AA 5754-H111 lap joint by friction stir welding
Authors: Đurđević Andrijana , Đurđević Đorđe , Bučanović Ljubiša , Živković Aleksandar , Sedmak Aleksandar
Published: September 2024

The paper presents the results of research into the possibility of aluminium alloy lap joint production. The friction stir welding process is used to weld two aluminium alloy 5754-H111 plates into a lap joint. Friction stir welding ensures material joining without melting and use of additional material. By correctly selecting technological parameters of the welding process, the lap joint is successfully produced. Visual inspection of the face and root side of the weld metal is presented in the paper. Microhardness HV0.15 was measured at the face of lap joint as well as through the cross section. Hardness is measured to include all structural zones of the joint: base metal, heat affected zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone, and nugget. As expected, the microhardness of the weld metal has reached the microhardness value of the base metal.
MULHERES NO TRIATLO: CENÁRIOS DA PRÁTICA ESPORTIVA AMADORA NO BRASIL
Authors: Venceslau Aline de Oliveira Galvan , Mazo Janice Zarpellon , Lamb Bruno Peradotto
Published: September 2024

The research aimed to present evidence regarding the practice of Triathlon by amateur women in Brazil. Data for the study were collected through a questionnaire administered to 92 female triathletes. The results show that the participation of women in Triathlon leads to the adoption of healthier lifestyle habits. One of the major challenges reported by the triathletes is facing the fear related to violence and harassment. The pursuit of physical and mental health and the overcoming of personal challenges are the main motivating factors for the triathletes. The sport has proven to be significant in improving the quality of life and self-esteem of triathletes, being considered a lifestyle.
Kvantifikacija zvučne snage komercijalnog drona korišćenjem ISO standarda
Authors: Kovačević Vasilije , Bjelić Miloš
Published: September 2024

U poslednjih nekoliko godina, dronovi su postali neizostavan deo različitih aspekata života, uključujući vojne operacije, komercijalnu dostavu, nadzor poljoprivrednih površina, kao i zabavne i rekreativne aktivnosti. Međutim, upotreba dronova donosi i potencijalne negativne efekte, a jedan od ključnih je nivo buke koji proizvode. Buka generisana od strane dronova može otežati slobodno upravljanje njima, posebno u naseljenim područjima. U ovom radu prikazana je metodologija merenja nivoa zvučne snage komercijalnog drona u skladu sa standardom ISO 3744. Za mernu površ izabran je paralelopiped i snimanje vremenskih signala ambijentalne buke i buke drona izvedeno je u 9 tačaka. Izračunate su vrednosti nivoa zvučne snage buke koju proizvodi dron po 1/3 oktavnim opsezima, u dB i dB(A). Ukupni nivo zvučne snage buke koju proizvodi dron iznosi 84.53 dB(A).
Identiﬁkovanje prototipskih oblika fotopletizmografskog signala klasterizacijom i dinamičkim vremenskim savijanjem
Authors: Tiosavljević Maša , Petrović Jovana , Ivanović Marija , Atanasoski Vladimir , Lazović Aleksandar , Tadić Predrag
Published: September 2024

Fotopletizmografski signali, zajedno sa elektrokardiografskim i fonokardiografskim signalima, mogu pružiti uvid u sistolne vremenske intervale, utvrđene pokazatelje srčane insuﬁcijencije, na osnovu speciﬁčnih tačaka od interesa. U te svrhe bila bi potrebna anotacija ovakvih tačaka od strane medi-cinskih stručnjaka, što pri manipulaciji velikim bazama podataka predstavlja vremenski zahtevnu i skupu proceduru. Cilj ovog rada jeste identiﬁkacija prototipskih oblika fotopletizmografskog signala i automatizacija inicijalnog razvrstavanja signala na te oblike pomoću K-means klasterizacije sa dinamičkim vremenskim savijanjem, ne bi li se umanjio broj potrebnih anotacija i time podstakla dalja istraživanja u domenu polikardiograﬁje i potencijalne neinvazivne rane dijagnostike srčane insuﬁcijencije.
Koncepcija i realizacija napajanja skutera pomoću solarne energije
Authors:   Univerzitet u Beogradu - Elektrotehnički fakultet, Nosović Vasilije , Đurić Radivoje ,   Univerzitet u Beogradu - Elektrotehnički fakultet
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu je prikazana koncepcija solarnog skutera - električnog skutera sa solarnim panelom instaliranim sa njegove prednje strane. Energija dobijena iz solarnog panela, pomoću kontrolnog kola BQ25756, se koristi za punjenje litijum-jonske baterije skutera. Kontroler punjenja ima ulogu prilagođenja napona i struje punjenja baterije, u skladu sa CC/CV profilom punjenja, sa implementiran MPPT algoritam za maksimalno iskorišćenje snage solarnog panela. Korišćenje solarne energije obavlja se u statičkom režimu, kada je skuter parkiran na jednom mestu i dinamički, tokom vožnje. Izvršen je proračun vremena punjenja u statičkom režimu i produženja vremena vožnje električnog skutera u dinamičkom režimu rada. Predstavljeni su i eksperimentalni rezultati.
Merenje amplitudske i frekvencijske modulacije analizatorom frekvencijskog spektra
Authors:   Tehnički opitni centar Beograd, Markuš Miša , Spasojević Neda ,   Tehnički opitni centar Beograd, Atanacković Aleksandar ,   Tehnički opitni centar Beograd
Published: September 2024

U radu je predstavljen postupak merenja amplitudske i frekvencijske modulacije korišćenjem analizatora frekvencijskog spektra. Prikazan je proračun merne nesigurnosti merenja i izvršeno je poređenje sa slučajem kada se ovi tipovi analognih modulacija mere mernim prijemnikom.
Analiza performansi i hardverske kompleksnosti algoritama za dekodovanje 5G NR LDPC kodova
Authors:   Univerzitet u Beogradu - Elektrotehnički fakultet, Garašević Živana , Petrović Vladimir L. ,   Univerzitet u Beogradu - Elektrotehnički fakultet
Published: September 2024

Cilj ovog rada je da se kroz analizu performansi kontrole grešaka najčešće korišćenih algoritama dekodovanja 5G NR LDPC (kodovi sa proverama parnosti male gustine (engl. low-density parity-check)) kodova i njihove hardverske kompleksnosti preporuče optimalni algoritam i bitske širine koje daju najbolji odnos performansi kontrole grešaka i upotrebljenih hardverskih resursa. Analiza je pokazala da OMS (engl. offset min-sum) algoritam ima bolje performanse kontrole grešaka od NMS (engl. normalized min-sum) algoritma, stabilniji izbor optimalnog parametra u odnosu na promenu kodnog količnika i bolju toleranciju na izračunavanja sa podacima malih bitskih širina.
Using Fink's Taxonomy in Counseling Practicum and Internship Courses
Authors: Bradley Kailey , Horton Emily
Published: September 2024

Fink’s Learning Taxonomy expanded upon Bloom’s Learning Taxonomy to provide concrete suggestions on development of significant learning experiences. Limited research exists on implementation of Fink’s learning Taxonomy in counselor education curriculum. As such, this conceptual article illuminates how the integration of Fink’s Learning Taxonomy could be used by educators to develop significant learning experiences within counseling internship and practicum courses.
A Description of Variability of Pacing in Marathon Distance Running
Authors: Haney Tom , Mercer John
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to describe variability of pacing during a marathon and 2) to determine if there is a relationship between variability of pacing and marathon performance. Publically available personal global positioning system profiles from two marathons (Race 1 n = 116, Race 2 n = 169) were downloaded (http://connect.garmin.com) for analysis. The coefficient of variation of velocity (Velcov) was calculated for each profile. Each profile was categorized as finishing in under 3.9 hours, between 3.9 and 4.6 hours, or longer than 4.6 hours. Linear and quadratic lines of best fit were computed to describe the relationship between marathon finish time and Velcov. A 2 (Race) x 3 (bin) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the dependent variable (Velcov) between races and the marathon bin finish times. Velcov was not influenced by the interaction of finish time bin and Race (p>0.05) and was not different between races (Race 1: 16.6 ± 6.4%, Race 2: 16.8 ± 6.6%, p>0.05). Velcov was different between finish time categories (p<0.05) for each race such that Velcov was lower for faster finish times. Using combined data from both races, linear (marathon finish time = marathon finish time = 0.09Velcov + 2.9, R^2 = 0.46) and quadratic (marathon finish time = -0.0006 Velcov 2 + 0.11 Velcov + 2.7, R^2 = 0.46) lines of best fit were significant (p<0.05). Slower marathon finishers had greater variability of pace compared to faster marathoner finishers.
Meningkatkan Kekuatan Pukulan Jab: Analisis Latihan Plyometric Untuk Atlet Tinju
Authors: Intanna  , Alghani Rafli , Yopi Hutomo Bhakti
Published: September 2024

The strength of a jab in boxing is a crucial factor influencing match outcomes. The Plyometric training regimen, which combines strength training, plyometrics, and specific boxing techniques, aims to enhance both the power and speed of athletes' jabs. This research seeks to analyze the impact of this training program on improving jab strength and refining boxing technique. The study aims to identify significant changes in jab technique and strength following the implementation of the Plyometric regimen.  The research methodology involves a descriptive approach, data collection from relevant sources, and statistical analysis to measure training effectiveness. Previous studies have shown that combining strength and plyometric training can improve punch speed and power. Syarifuddin & Ali, (2017) reported significant improvements in power and accuracy in amateur boxers following similar training programs. Firmansyah, (2019) also confirmed that plyometric training can increase punch strength without reducing speed.
Although specific data on the direct effects of Plyometric training are not yet available, this study concludes that training methods combining strength and plyometric elements have the potential to enhance jab strength. This conclusion is based on previous research supporting the benefits of similar training methods. Therefore, Plyometric training could be an effective approach for improving boxing performance when applied consistently. Further research is needed to provide more concrete empirical evidence on the direct effects of Plyometric training on jab strength. Coaches and athletes are advised to consider this training program as part of their routine, with guidance from sports experts to ensure effectiveness and safety. This conclusion provides a strong foundation for further exploration and practical application in the boxing world.
A Conceptual Study on the Role of Digital Education for Improving the Digital Literacy Skills of Students
Authors:   Calicut University Teacher Education Centre, A Nisha , T M Krishnarajan ,   PD Teacher, Govt. L.P. School
Published: September 2024

In the twenty first century, India sails through the fast changes occurring in every sector; especially in education sector. Today, Digital Education provides a revolutionary idea, that could totally change path of learning of students. Digital Education is the latest advancement in technology. It is the significant part of school education today. It is used to make education more engaging, interactive and individualized. Today, Digital education is most important for students that make the learning effective and comprehensive. For consuming the digital education, digital literacy skills are very important for students. Digital Education makes the students to acquire digital literacy skills through the continuous usage of digital tools and technologies. The main aim of the study is to study about the scope of digital education today, to analyze the role of digital education for educating students and to study about the role of digital education for improving the digital literacy skills of students. Here, there is an attempt to make thorough study on the topic “A Conceptual Study on the role of Digital Education for improving the Digital Literacy Skills of Students”.
Beyond Auditory Relay: Dissecting the Inferior Colliculus’s Role in Sensory Prediction, Cognitive Decision-Making, and Reward Prediction
Authors: Du Xinyu , Xu Haoxuan , Song Peirun , Zhai Yuying , Ye Hangting , Bao Xuehui , Huang Qianyue , Tanigawa Hisashi , Tu Zhiyi , Chen Pei , Zhao Xuan , Rauschecker Josef P , Yu Xiongjie
Published: September 2024

The Inferior Colliculus (IC) has traditionally been regarded as an important relay in the auditory pathway, primarily involved in relaying auditory information from the brainstem to the thalamus. However, this study uncovers the multifaceted role of the IC in bridging auditory processing, sensory prediction, and reward prediction. Through extracellular recordings in monkeys engaged in a sound duration-based novelty detection task, we observed a "climbing effect" in neuronal firing rates, indicative of an enhanced response over sound sequences linked to sensory prediction rather than reward anticipation. Further exploration revealed a direct correlation between IC neuronal activity and behavioral choices, suggesting its involvement in decision-making processes. Additionally, our findings demonstrate reward prediction errors within the IC, highlighting its complex integration in auditory and reward processing. This research challenges conventional views of the IC, showcasing its integral role in cognitive and sensory processing and emphasizing its importance in integrated brain functions.
RUNX2 Isoform II Protects Cancer Cells from Ferroptosis by Promoting PRDX2 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Junjun , Jia Rong , Guo Jihua
Published: September 2024

Ferroptosis is a distinct iron-dependent programmed cell death and plays important roles in tumor suppression. However, the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis need further exploration. RUNT-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a transcription factor, is essential for osteogenesis. RUNX2 has two types of transcripts produced by two alternative promoters. In the present study, we surprisingly find that RUNX2 isoform II is a novel ferroptosis suppressor. RUNX2 isoform II can bind to the promoter of peroxiredoxin-2 (
PRDX2
), a ferroptosis inhibitor, and activate its expression. Knockdown of RUNX2 isoform II suppresses cell proliferation
in vitro
and tumorigenesis
in vivo
in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Interestingly, homeobox A10 (HOXA10), an upstream positive regulator of RUNX2 isoform II, is required for the inhibition of ferroptosis through the RUNX2 isoform II/PRDX2 pathway. Consistently, RUNX2 isoform II is overexpressed in OSCC, and associated with OSCC progression and poor prognosis. Collectively, OSCC cancer cells can up-regulate RUNX2 isoform II to inhibit ferroptosis and facilitate tumorigenesis through the novel HOXA10/RUNX2 isoform II/PRDX2 pathway.
CellSeg3D: self-supervised 3D cell segmentation for microscopy
Authors: Achard Cyril , Kousi Timokleia , Frey Markus , Vidal Maxime , Paychère Yves , Hofmann Colin , Iqbal Asim , Hausmann Sebastien B , Pagès Stéphane , Mathis Mackenzie Weygandt
Published: September 2024

Understanding the complex three-dimensional structure of cells is crucial across many disciplines in biology and especially in neuroscience. Here, we introduce a novel 3D self-supervised learning method designed to address the inherent complexity of quantifying cells in 3D volumes, often in cleared neural tissue. We offer a new 3D mesoSPIM dataset and show that CellSeg3D can match state-of-the-art supervised methods. Our contributions are made accessible through a Python package with full GUI integration in napari.
Future Teachers Conceptualizing Democracy in Pre-war Ukraine, in Palestine, and Norway
Authors: Christensen Ingrid , Kolesnyk Larysa Dahl , Adwan Sami , Matusevych Tetiana
Published: September 2024

This article presents a qualitative study of future teachers’ conceptions of democracy in Ukraine, Palestine, and Norway during a pre-war and pre-pandemic period. In recent years, there has been a noticeable decline in the understanding of the democratic concept and reduced engagement, particularly among youth, coinciding with an assumed global recession of democratic recession. However, democracy also evolves with societal developments, whereas education holds the mandate to renew democratic values in society. This study therefore aims to explore student teachers’ own definitions of the democracy concept. Employing a grounded theory approach, we compare the written responses of 619 student teachers from Ukraine, Palestine, and Norway. The analysis reveals that despite different emphases, democracy is articulated along five dimensions: 1) political systems, 2) political culture, 3) values, 4) actions, and 5) actors. However, the study also indicates a striking finding: To our surprise, there were many identical responses across the data material, interpreted as wikied copy-paste responses, which indicate a distance and irony towards standardized democracy concepts. Consequently, democracy education is in a limbo between standardization and fostering new dimensions, whereas the teachers’ tasks will be challenging in providing democracy concepts born anew for the next generation.
Asiatic acid reduces lipopolysaccharides-induced pulp inflammation through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in rats
Authors: Cilmiaty Risya , Nurhapsari Arlina , Prayitno Adi , Rahma Annisa Aghnia , Ilyas Muhana Fawwazy
Published: September 2024

Background

Dental pulp inflammation, often initiated by Gram-negative microorganisms and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), can lead to pulpitis and, subsequently, dental pulp necrosis, compromising tooth structure and increasing susceptibility to fracture. Asiatic acid, derived from Centella asiatica, has demonstrated pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, making it a potential candidate for mitigating LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This in vivo study aims to investigate the impact of Asiatic acid on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in Rattus norvegicus with LPS-induced pulp inflammation.

Methods

This quasi-laboratory experimental in vivo study employed a post-test-only control group design to investigate the effects of Asiatic acid on LPS-induced pulp inflammation in Wistar rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups subjected to various interventions. LPS was administered to all groups for 6 h except the standard control group (CG, n = 5). The negative control group (NCG, n = 5) received only glass ionomer cement. The positive control group (PCG, n = 5) received Eugenol with glass ionomer cement. Intervention groups 1, 2, and 3 (IG1, IG2, IG3; n = 5 each) received Asiatic acid at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, with glass ionomer cement. Dental pulp inflammation was confirmed through immunological (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels), histopathological (inflammatory parameters), and physiological (pain assessment using the rat grimace scale) analyses. Additionally, Nrf2 levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

Asiatic acid administration significantly influenced Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. Nrf2 levels were significantly higher in groups treated with 0.5% (IG1) (8.810 ± 1.092 ng/mL; p = 0.047), 1.0% (IG2) (9.132 ± 1.285 ng/mL; p = 0.020), and 2.0% (IG3) (11.972 ± 1.888 ng/mL; p = 0.000) Asiatic acid compared to NCG (7.146 ± 0.706). Notably, Nrf2 levels were also significantly higher in the 2.0% Asiatic acid group (IG3) compared to the PCG treated with Eugenol (8.846 ± 0.888 ng/mL; p = 0.001), as well as IG1 (p = 0.001) and IG2 (p = 0.002). However, no significant difference was observed between administering 0.5% Asiatic acid (IG1), 1.0% Asiatic acid (IG2), and Eugenol (PCG).

Conclusion

This research showed that Asiatic acid significantly impacted the Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This suggests that it has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for reducing dental pulp inflammation. These findings support the need to further explore Asiatic acid as a promising intervention for maintaining dental pulp health.
Observações da fenomenologia de Lotka na literatura de filtragem para potabilização das águas: estudo de caso dos rios Tocantins e Itacaiúnas em Marabá/PA
Authors: Amorim Iêda Cristina Dias , Chagas Maria Liduína das , Gonçalves Cledson Santana Lopes , Luna José Leão de , Corrêa Neto Silvério Sirotehau , Moura Thiago Rafael da Silva
Published: September 2024

A ocupação territorial das regiões amazônicas, especialmente no Sul e Sudeste do Pará, tem sido marcada pela exploração ambiental intensa e crescimento populacional desordenado, resultando em problemas críticos de saneamento básico e qualidade da água. Este estudo visa prospectar tecnologias de filtragem para a potabilização das águas dos rios Tocantins e Itacaiúnas, focando na cidade de Marabá, que sofre com a contaminação desses recursos hídricos devido ao descarte inadequado de resíduos e esgoto. A pesquisa objetiva identificar e avaliar tecnologias emergentes e eficazes na remoção de contaminantes presentes nesses rios, considerando critérios de eficiência, viabilidade técnica e econômica, além do impacto ambiental. A metodologia inclui uma análise bibliométrica das principais publicações científicas sobre o tema, identificando tendências e tecnologias promissoras de países como China, Estados Unidos, Índia, Arábia Saudita, Coreia do Sul, entre outros. Os resultados apontam para soluções como o uso de nanomateriais, membranas de filtragem avançadas, sistemas híbridos de tratamento, utilização de placas solares e sementes de moringa oleífera, que obedecem a Lei de Lotka. Conclui-se que a implementação dessas tecnologias pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade da água e a saúde pública em Marabá, contribuindo para o avanço do conhecimento científico e tecnológico na área de tratamento de águas e subsidiando políticas públicas mais eficazes e sustentáveis.
Análise da satisfação dos médicos do Programa Mais Médicos nos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri: sob uma ótica de multicritério
Authors: Pereira Elizeu de Castro , Monteiro Luiz Henrique Batista , Ursine Renata Luiz , Neves Valéria Rodrigues , Cambraia Rosana Passos , Prat Bernat Vinolas , Andrade Renata Aline de
Published: September 2024

Na intenção de melhorar os recursos humanos da área de profissionais médicos para prestação de serviço no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e abrandar as dificuldades enfrentadas nesse sistema, o governo instituiu em 2013 a lei que regulamenta o Programa Mais Médicos para o Brasil. Neste estudo realizado, objetivou-se verificar o grau de satisfação dos profissionais desse programa nos Vales do Jequitinhonha e do Mucuri, sob uma ótica de análise multicritério. Para tanto, foi feito um estudo descritivo no qual a investigação se deu por meio de uma estratégia de combinação de abordagens quantitativas, denominada triangulação de métodos. Contou-se com uma população de estudo, constituída por 90 médicos, distribuídos nos 82 municípios da região em questão. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos médicos demonstrou um grau de satisfação elevado nas respostas dadas às variáveis do questionário, o que corresponde a 63% dos participantes. Concluiu-se que os médicos se sentiam satisfeitos com o desenvolvimento das atividades no dia a dia de trabalho na Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), bem como no relacionamento com a comunidade, ao passo que boa parte dos entrevistados apresentou insatisfação total com o ambiente físico da UBS e com o estresse no trabalho.
The Gastroenteritis Virus of Dogs: Canine Parvovirus and Its Diagnosis over the Years
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Chandra Mudit , Kaur Haspinderjit
Published: September 2024

Dogs are among the most beloved companion animals. They are involved in number of activities of human being as pet, in various jobs. Domestic dogs are susceptible to the extremely contagious canine viral diseases, which pose a serious danger to canine health globally. The review involves the main viral etiology that causes gastroenteritis in dogs; the Canine Parvovirus which is highly prevalent causing heavy morbidity and mortality in affected dogs. Diagnosis of CPV infection in dogs involves various diagnostic assays. Lot of research has been conducted on various tests or techniques that can be used for diagnosis of CPV infection in dogs. This is important too as CPV is quite prevalent and of much concern. Therefore the information on diagnosis of CPV would help in early and quick diagnosis to prevent mortality by early treatment.
Integration of Non-Destructive Testing Techniques and Machine Learning Algorithms for Enhanced Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges
Authors: Hussain Bilal
Published: September 2024

Aim: To examine the integration of non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms in order to enhance structural health monitoring of bridges.
Problem Statement: Bridges are vital structures in civil engineering which have broad purposes and economic influence. However, they get expired over some period calling for their structural health monitoring from time to time to avoid any catastrophic event that may arise from their collapse.
Significance of Study: This technical review critically examines the need to adopt the use of non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms in order to enhance structural health monitoring of bridges.
Methodology: Recent relevant published articles in the area of structural health monitoring of bridges, non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms were consulted.
Discussion: The advancement of technology has greatly influenced the incorporation of non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms to enhance structural health monitoring of bridges. This technically review has discussed the fundamental principles of structural health monitoring of bridges, non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms. Various non-destructive testing methods for SHM of bridges were highlighted and major emphasis was laid on visual testing, ultrasonic testing, liquid penetrant testing and radiographic testing. Their respective advantages and shortcomings were discussed. Application of machine learning in bridge SHM to improve the monitoring techniques was discussed. Different supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms that are applicable to the SHM of bridges are explained.
Conclusion: The incorporation of non-destructive testing techniques and machine learning algorithms to structural health monitoring of bridges is imperative to integrate and enhance the process.
Prevalence of Bitter Gourd Mosaic Complex (BGMC) and Detection of Associated Viruses in Different Agro-ecological Units of Kerala
Authors: Chandran Deepa R , Johnson Joy Michal , NS Radhika , G Heera , KB Soni , S Sarada , Radhakrishnan NV
Published: September 2024

Bitter gourd mosaic complex (BGMC) is caused by multiple viruses in bitter gourd which seriously affects the crop performance and leads to complete crop loss. Bitter gourd is widely cultivated in Kerala as the market price is steady throughout the year. BGMC is the most important production constraint as most of the high yielding varieties including hybrids are severely affected by the virus complex. The study assessed the prevalence of BGMC in major bitter gourd cultivating agro-ecological units (AEUs) of Kerala and detected the viruses associated. It was found that, the disease incidence (DI) and severity in terms of Vulnerability Index (VI) of BGMC varied between AEUs as well as varieties grown. The average incidence and severity of BGMC were found to be highest i.e., 98.71 per cent and 70.2 respectively in AEU 8 with Pallichal of Thiruvananthapuram district being the highest among all locations with 100 per cent DI and 80.50 VI. Among varieties, Preethi was found to be the most susceptible with an average BGMC incidence of 99.04 per cent and severity of 65.01 per cent, whereas hybrids and local varieties were relatively tolerant. Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were the major viruses associated with BGMC as these viruses were detected in all AEUs surveyed. Among the viruses, PRSV was found to be the most prevalent in all the AEUs and locations surveyed across Kerala (77.78 %). The viruses were detected singly as well as in combinations. Percentage of single virus infection (61.11 %) was more, followed by double virus infection (33.33 %) and triple virus infections (5.56 %). Combined infection of the viruses led to total crop failure without any flowering. Findings of the present study contribute to better understanding of prevalence of BGMC and offer information on its diversity among regions, varieties and viruses associated across different AEUs of Kerala.
Compatibility Assessment of Native Non-Rhizospheric Trichoderma Isolates with Various Fungicides
Authors: C. R. Ajith, , N. S. Pankaja , S. Supriya , J. Mahadeva , N. Umashankar Kumar , Sunitha Mummineni
Published: September 2024

The native non-rhizosphere isolates of Trichoderma were tested against different systemic, contact and combi-product fungicides to test their compatibility. Total five isolates were tested against 16 different fungicides and compared with commercial Trichoderma isolate available in market. The native isolates showed good compatibility compared to commercial isolate. All the isolates showed high compatibility with Dimethomorph 50 % WP among systemic fungicides where least of 9.44 per cent mycelial inhibition was recorded in the isolate PSV. The systemic fungicides, Hexaconazole 4 % EC, Carbendazim 50 % WP and Thiophanate methyl 70 % WP were highly incompatible with all the Trichoderma isolates at all tested concentrations (100 % inhibition). All the native isolates recorded least of 22.74 per cent to highest of 35.63 per cent in case of contact fungicide, Copper Oxy Chloride 50 % WP (COC) and least of 26.98 to highest 38.66 per cent mycelial inhibition in the isolates SDKD and PSV, respectively in case of Mancozeb 75 % WP with 42.61 and 40.44 per cent inhibition in commercial isolate, respectively. The native isolates showed high incompatibility with Chlorothalonil 75 % WP (100 % inhibition at 1500 ppm). The native isolates showed good compatibility with Metalaxyl 4 %+ Mancozeb 64 % WP among combi-product fungicides with least of 50.12 per cent mycelial inhibition in case of PSV, while highest mycelial inhibition was recorded in commercial isolate 60.45 per cent. However, the native isolates showed cent per cent mycelial inhibition in combi-product fungicides Carbendazim 12 % + mancozeb 63 % and Carbendazim 25 % + Mancozeb 64 % WP. The native non-rhizosphere isolates were most superior than commercial isolates especially Trichoderma harzianum (PSV and GMV) which intended to study further.
Asymmetric Price Transmission in Agricultural Markets: A Case of Chickpea’s in South India
Authors: T N Srinatha , D B Hemanth , A Praveenkumar , M S Jagadeesh , S C Ravi , Baruah Debasmita , Ray Ipshita , Kumar Pramod
Published: September 2024

Asymmetric price transmission in agricultural markets occurs when price changes at one level of the supply chain, such as at the farm (producer) level, are not fully or uniformly passed on to another level, such as retail prices. This can lead to situations where price increases are transmitted more quickly or fully than price decreases, often disadvantaging consumers or producers. Such asymmetry can be influenced by factors like market power, transaction costs, and supply chain inefficiencies. Understanding these dynamics is essential for designing effective policies that promote fair and efficient market operations. In this paper we empirically assess the vertical price transmission mechanism between producer and consumer prices of chickpeas in Karnataka for the period from January 2016 to January 2019 using monthly wholesale and retail price data. Threshold co-integration models are employed to analyze whether the retail and wholesale markets are co-integrated or not and to check the asymmetric adjustment towards a long-run equilibrium relationship. Both the threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum-threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) models reveal that the retail and wholesale prices of Bengal gram are integrated. M-TAR model provided the clear evidence of asymmetric price transmission in the major Bengal gram Markets in south India. This implies that retail prices (downstream prices) respond differently to wholesale (upstream prices) based on whether the upstream prices (wholesale prices) are increasing or decreasing price transmission with special reference to Bengal Gram. The presence of asymmetry in price transmission along the Bengal gram markets in India. This has important implications for policy-making, as it suggests a need for measures to enhance price transmission efficiency, protect consumers from disproportionately high retail prices, and ensure fair pricing practices across the supply chain. Addressing these asymmetries could help stabilize market dynamics and improve outcomes for both producers and consumers in the Bengal gram market.
Overview of Transgenic Glioblastoma and Oligoastrocytoma CNS Models and Their Utility in Drug Discovery
Authors: Chen Fuyi , Becker Albert , LoTurco Joseph
Published: March 2016

Many animal models have been developed to investigate the sources of central nervous system (CNS) tumor heterogeneity. Reviewed in this unit is a recently developed CNS tumor model using the piggyBac transposon system delivered by in utero electroporation, in which sources of tumor heterogeneity can be conveniently studied. Their applications for studying CNS tumors and drug discovery are also reviewed. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Violaxanthin inhibits nonphotochemical quenching in light‐harvesting antenna of Chromera velia
Authors: Kaňa Radek , Kotabová Eva , Kopečná Jana , Trsková Eliška , Belgio Erica , Sobotka Roman , Ruban Alexander V.
Published: March 2016

Non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ) is a photoprotective mechanism in light‐harvesting antennae. NPQ is triggered by chloroplast thylakoid lumen acidification and is accompanied by violaxanthin de‐epoxidation to zeaxanthin, which further stimulates NPQ. In the present study, we show that violaxanthin can act in the opposite direction to zeaxanthin because an increase in the concentration of violaxanthin reduced NPQ in the light‐harvesting antennae of Chromera velia. The correlation overlapped with a similar relationship between violaxanthin and NPQ as observed in isolated higher plant light‐harvesting complex II. The data suggest that violaxanthin in C. velia can act as an inhibitor of NPQ, indicating that violaxanthin has to be removed from the vicinity of the protein to reach maximal NPQ.
Labeling of virus components for advanced, quantitative imaging analyses
Authors: Sakin Volkan , Paci Giulia , Lemke Edward A. , Müller Barbara
Published: March 2016

In recent years, investigation of virus–cell interactions has moved from ensemble measurements to imaging analyses at the single‐particle level. Advanced fluorescence microscopy techniques provide single‐molecule sensitivity and subdiffraction spatial resolution, allowing observation of subviral details and individual replication events to obtain detailed quantitative information. To exploit the full potential of these techniques, virologists need to employ novel labeling strategies, taking into account specific constraints imposed by viruses, as well as unique requirements of microscopic methods. Here, we compare strengths and limitations of various labeling methods, exemplify virological questions that were successfully addressed, and discuss challenges and future potential of novel approaches in virus imaging.
Distinct responses of planktonic foraminiferal B/Ca to dissolution on seafloor
Authors: Dai Yuhao , Yu Jimin , Johnstone Heather J. H.
Published: March 2016

We have measured B/Ca in four core‐top planktonic foraminiferal species (Globigerinoides ruber (white), Globigerinoides sacculifer (without final sac‐like chamber), Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata) from three depth transects (the Caribbean Sea, the southwestern Indian Ocean, and the Ontong Java Plateau) to evaluate the effect of dissolution on planktonic foraminiferal B/Ca. At each transect, G. ruber (w) and G. sacculifer (w/o sac) show decreasing B/Ca with increasing water depth. This decrease in B/Ca is accompanied with decreases in shell weights, Mg/Ca, and bottom water calcite saturation state. This indicates a postdepositional dissolution effect on B/Ca in these two species. The strong correlation observed between changes in B/Ca and bottom water calcite saturation state offers an approach to correcting for the dissolution bias. By contrast, B/Ca in N. dutertrei and P. obliquiloculata remains unchanged along depth transects, although shell weights and Mg/Ca display significant declines. Overall, our core‐top results suggest species‐specific dissolution effects on B/Ca in different planktonic foraminiferal species.
Asian dust transport during the last century recorded in Lake Suigetsu sediments
Authors: Nagashima Kana , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Irino Tomohisa , Nakagawa Takeshi , Tada Ryuji , Hara Yukari , Yamada Kazuyoshi , Kurosaki Yasunori
Published: March 2016

Asian dust has a significant impact on the natural environment. Its variability on multiple timescales modulates the ocean biogeochemistry and climate. We demonstrate that temporal changes in the deposition flux of Aeolian dust recorded in sediments from Lake Suigetsu, central Japan, during the last century exhibit a continuous decreasing trend and a decadal‐scale decrease in 1952–1974. The former decreasing trend can be explained by a decrease in the dust storm frequency at source regions due to the warming of Mongolia in the twentieth century, suggesting future decrease of Asian dust transport with further warming in Mongolia. Decadal‐scale decrease of Aeolian dust is explained by weaker westerlies in lower latitudes in central Japan, reflecting a weaker Aleutian Low during the corresponding period. Decadal‐scale westerly change probably causes north–south shifts of the dominant dust transport path, which affects subarctic northern Pacific Ocean biogeochemistry by changing the micronutrient iron supply.
Seismo‐electromagnetic thin‐bed responses: Natural signal enhancements?
Authors: Grobbe N. , Slob E. C.
Published: March 2016

We study if nature can help us overcome the very low signal‐to‐noise ratio of seismo‐electromagnetic converted fields by investigating the effects of thin‐bed geological structures on the seismo‐electromagnetic signal. To investigate the effects of bed thinning on the seismo‐electromagnetic interference patterns, we numerically simulate seismo‐electromagnetic wave propagation through horizontally layered media with different amounts and thicknesses of thin beds. We distinguish two limits of bed thickness. Below the upper limit, the package of thin beds starts acting like an “effective” medium. Below the lower limit, further thinning does not affect the seismo‐electromagnetic interface response signal strength anymore. We demonstrate seismo‐electromagnetic sensitivity to changes in medium parameters on a spatial scale much smaller than the seismic resolution. Increasing amounts of thin beds can cause the interface response signal strength to increase or decrease. Whether constructive or destructive interference occurs seems to be dependent on the seismo‐electromagnetic coupling coefficient contrasts. When the combined result of the contrast, between upper half‐space and package of thin beds and the internal thin‐bed contrast, is positive, constructive interference occurs. Destructive interference occurs when the combined contrast is negative. Maximum amplitude tuning occurs for thicknesses of thin‐bed packages similar to the dominant pressure and shear wavelengths. Artifacts due to model periodicity are excluded by comparing periodic media with random models. By simulating moving oil/water contacts during production, where the oil layer is gradually being thinned, seismo‐electromagnetic signals are proven very sensitive to oil/water contacts. An oil layer with a thickness of <1% of the dominant shear wavelength is still recognized.
Tipping elements of the Indian monsoon: Prediction of onset and withdrawal
Authors: Stolbova Veronika , Surovyatkina Elena , Bookhagen Bodo , Kurths Jürgen
Published: March 2016

Forecasting the onset and withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon is crucial for the life and prosperity of more than one billion inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent. However, accurate prediction of monsoon timing remains a challenge, despite numerous efforts. Here we present a method for prediction of monsoon timing based on a critical transition precursor. We identify geographic regions—tipping elements of the monsoon—and use them as observation locations for predicting onset and withdrawal dates. Unlike most predictability methods, our approach does not rely on precipitation analysis but on air temperature and relative humidity, which are well represented both in models and observations. The proposed method allows to predict onset 2 weeks earlier and withdrawal dates 1.5 months earlier than existing methods. In addition, it enables to correctly forecast monsoon duration for some anomalous years, often associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation.
ATP half‐sites in RadA and RAD51 recombinases bind nucleotides
Authors: Marsh May E. , Scott Duncan E. , Ehebauer Matthias T. , Abell Chris , Blundell Tom L. , Hyvönen Marko
Published: March 2016

Homologous recombination is essential for repair of DNA double‐strand breaks. Central to this process is a family of recombinases, including archeal RadA and human RAD51, which form nucleoprotein filaments on damaged single‐stranded DNA ends and facilitate their ATP‐dependent repair. ATP binding and hydrolysis are dependent on the formation of a nucleoprotein filament comprising RadA/RAD51 and single‐stranded DNA, with ATP bound between adjacent protomers. We demonstrate that truncated, monomeric Pyrococcus furiosus RadA and monomerised human RAD51 retain the ability to bind ATP and other nucleotides with high affinity. We present crystal structures of both apo and nucleotide‐bound forms of monomeric RadA. These structures reveal that while phosphate groups are tightly bound, RadA presents a shallow, poorly defined binding surface for the nitrogenous bases of nucleotides. We suggest that RadA monomers would be constitutively bound to nucleotides in the cell and that the bound nucleotide might play a structural role in filament assembly.
Schools and Families
Authors: Parcel Toby L.
Published: March 2016

Children spend considerable time in both their families and their schools, making each of these institutions critical for child socialization. That these two institutions are separate in contemporary society renders their intersection important. Both are sites for investing in children; resources from each may combine to promote child well‐being. Social class often influences parental child socialization strategies, which have implications for child school success and subsequent placement in stratification systems. Families and schools may also conflict, with parents often having the power to change children's school assignments.
Sexual Identity
Authors: Allen Kimberly
Published: March 2016

Sexual identity is the understanding a person has about his/her sexual orientation and their affiliation to a social group. Sexual identity includes the process of sexual development and how an individual feels about his/her physical sex characteristics. Although sexual identity has been underresearched, there is a growing consensus that the field is complex and multifaceted.