bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Global Voice Represented at the IFLA Governing Board: A Study of the Last 19 Years
Authors: Ferreira Sueli Mara S.P. , Gamba Camila , Zuev Artem E.
Published: March 2020

This work presents an analysis of the geographical representation of IFLA’s Governing Board members over the past 19 years to identify regions and countries with and / or without the presence in IFLA’s unit responsible for its governance, financial and professional management bodies. This study with IFLA’s most important management unit can help to understand how the knowledge, culture, and experience of different regions of the world have been considered, valued and respected at IFLA. In order to map the participation of the regions, data from each IFLA Governing Board member from Africa, Asia and Oceania, and Latin America and Caribbean during the period from 2001 to 2019 was collected from IFLA Annual Reports (available online) and analysed using the Excel software with the Pivot Table resource. The original publication also includes information about the Governing Board members from Europe and North America. All the members of GB and their nationalities were considered in 9 periods of two-year terms of management, which totalized 186 members from 36 countries. These total members correspond to 105 individuals, of which 41,9% participated in only one term, 45,7% were elected for two terms, 7,6% for three terms and 4,8% for more than four terms. In terms of regional representation, Europe contributes 46% of the GB members, followed by North America with 29%, Asia & Oceania with 11% Africa with 10% and finally LAC with 4%. At the end some reflections are presented on possible strategies to achieve a balance in the composition of the main managing body of the most important library federation in the world.
Programs for Preservation of the National Book Heritage in the Library Policy of the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Barysheva Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the article is to summarize the information on the state of collections of ancient and rare books in the library institutions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) by the beginning of the 21st century, to consider the content and the course of implementation of the state programs of the PRC in the field of registration, cataloguing, conservation, restoration, preservation and promotion of the national book heritage monuments. The author presents definitions of the terms “Ancient books” and “Rare books” used in China. All manuscript books and printed publications created before 1912 are considered Ancient books. Rare books include all books dated back to the period before 1795 and editions published in 1796—1912 that have outstanding historical, cultural, art and aesthetic value, as well as publishing products and documents from the period of the Republic of China (1912—1949). Chinese publications often use the term “Rare ancient books”, which refers to all manuscript books and printed publications before 1795. There are about 27 million 175 thousand copies of ancient books in the country’s libraries, including 2,5 million books created before 1795; and about 45 thousand ancient books have been preserved in a single copy.

The article focuses on the programs developed with the participation of the National Library of China (NLC) and approved by the PRC Government in 2007—2018. The author reveals the main provisions of the “National Plan for Preservation of Ancient Books” (2007), as well as the powers and tasks of the National Centre for Conservation and Preservation of Ancient Chinese Books (NC), which has become the lead agency responsible for the implementation of the Plan. The paper considers the system of regional and local centres for the conservation and restoration of ancient and rare books, headed by the NC, that has developed in the PRC at present, shows the role of these centres in the field of identification, registration and cataloguing of book heritage monuments, in the creation and maintenance of a normative storage regime in old library buildings, ensuring the activities of restoration workshops, digitization of documents, preparation and online publication of full-text databases of ancient and rare books. The article emphasizes the importance of the National Museum of Classical Books, opened in July 2014 at the NLC, for promoting the national book heritage.

The author notes that the priority task for the coming years is the construction of three new buildings of the National Book Depository in Beijing and Chéngdé (Hebei Province). The article concludes that over the past ten years, owing to the government support and targeted funding, China has managed to organize systematic activities in the field of conservation, preservation and promotion of the national book heritage.
Repurposing Therapeutics for COVID-19: Supercomputer-Based Docking to the SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike Protein and Viral Spike Protein-Human ACE2 Interface
Authors: Smith Micholas , Smith Jeremy C.
Published: March 2020

The novel Wuhan coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been sequenced, and the virus shares substantial similarity with SARS-CoV. Here, using a computational model of the spike protein (S-protein) of SARS-CoV-2 interacting with the human ACE2 receptor, we make use of the world's most powerful supercomputer, SUMMIT, to enact an ensemble docking virtual high-throughput screening campaign and identify small-molecules which bind to either the isolated Viral S-protein at its host receptor region or to the S protein-human ACE2 interface. We hypothesize the identified small-molecules may be repurposed to limit viral recognition of host cells and/or disrupt host-virus interactions. A ranked list of compounds is given that can be tested experimentally.
Protoenzymes: The Case of Hyperbranched Polymer-Scaffolded ZnS Nanocrystals
Authors: Mamajanov Irena , Caudan Melina , Jia Tony Z.
Published: March 2020

Enzymes could be described as small-molecule, metal, or cluster catalysts augmented by biopolymeric scaffolds. It is conceivable that early in chemical evolution, ancestral enzymes opted for simpler, easier to assemble scaffolds. Herein, we describe such possible protoenzymes: hyperbranched polymer-scaffolded metal-sulfide nanocrystals. Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (HyPEI) and glycerol citrate polymer-supported ZnS nanocrystals (NCs) are formed in a simple, abiotically plausible process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses of HyPEI-supported NCs reveals spherical particles with an average size of 10nm that undergo only a modest aggregation over a 14-day incubation. The polymer-supported ZnS NCs are shown to possess a high photocatalytic activity in an eosin B photodegradation assay, making them an attractive model for the study of the origin of life under the “Zn world” theory dominated by a photocatalytic proto-metabolic redox reaction network. The catalyst, however, could be easily adapted to apply broadly to different protoenzymatic systems.
Mechanism of Color and Photoacidity Tuning for the Protonated Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore
Authors: Lin Chi-Yun , Boxer Steven
Published: March 2020

The neutral or A state of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore is a remarkable example of a photoacid naturally embedded in the protein environment and accounts for the large Stokes shift of GFP in response to near UV excitation. Its color tuning mechanism has been largely overlooked, as it is less preferable for imaging applications than the redder anionic or B state. Past studies, based on site-directed mutagenesis or solvatochromism of the isolated chromophore, have concluded that its color tuning range is much narrower than its anionic counterpart. However, as we performed extensive investigation on more GFP mutants, we found the color of the neutral chromophore to be much more sensitive to protein electrostatics. Electronic Stark spectroscopy reveals a fundamentally different electrostatic color tuning mechanism for the neutral state of the chromophore that demands a three-form model compared with that of the anionic state, which requires only two forms. Specifically, an underlying zwitterionic charge transfer state is required to explain its sensitivity to electrostatics. As the Stokes shift is tightly linked to the protonated chromophore’s photoacidity and excited-state proton transfer (ESPT), we infer design principles of the GFP chromophore as a photoacid through the color tuning mechanisms of both protonation states. The three-form model could also be applied to similar biological and nonbiological dyes and complements the failure of two-form model for donor–acceptor systems with localized electronic distributions.
Inflight Fluidic Fibre Printing Towards Array and 3D Optoelectronic and Sensing Architectures
Authors: Wang Andy , Ouarus Karim , Rutz Alexandra L. , li xia , Gerigk Magda , Naegele Tobias , Malliaras George , huang yan yan shery
Published: March 2020

Scalability and device-integration have been prevailing issues limiting our ability in harnessing the full potential of small-diameter conducting fibres. We report inflight fluidic fibre printing, a rapid, low-cost route that integrates the entire process of conducting fibre production and fibre-to-circuit connection, in a single step under sub-100 °C ambient atmospheres. Metallic (silver) or organic (PEDOT:PSS) fibres with 1-3 μm diameter are fabricated, and the fibre arrays exhibit over 95 % transmittance in the 350-750 nm region. We exploit combinations of the unique fibre characteristics: directionality, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, and permissiveness, along with transparency and conductivity. Using PEDOT:PSS fibres as a cell-interfaced impedimetricsensor and a moisture sensor, we show that even a single fibre component can achieve complex functions or outperform conventional film-based devices. The capability to design suspended fibres and networks of homo-, hetero- cross-junctions, paves the way to applications includingflow-permissive devices, and 3D optoelectronic and sensor architectures.
Az energetikai audit európai uniós követelményei Németországban
Authors: Hoffmann Jan , Fodor László
Published: March 2020

Az Európai Uniónak az energiahatékonyságról szóló 2012/27/EU irányelve (a továbbiakban: irányelv) arra kötelezi a tagállamokat, hogy 2015. december 5-éig biztosítsák valamennyi nagyvállalatnál ún. energetikai auditok (másként energiaauditok) elvégzését. A szabályozás hatálya alá tartozik minden olyan vállalat, amelyik nem esik a kis-, illetve középvállalkozások (a továbbiakban: kkv) kategóriájába. A tagállamoknak a vonatkozó előírásaikat – az irányelv transzpozícióra kitűzött határidejének megfelelően – 2014. június 5-ig kellett, illetve kellett volna meghozniuk. A német transzpozíció (csakúgy, mint a magyar) késedelmesen valósult meg (csak 2015 elején léphetett hatályba). Az előírásnak való megfelelés (amely Németországban csaknem 50 000 vállalatot érint) komoly kihívásokkal jár; az alábbiakban ezek leküzdéséhez kívánok fogódzót nyújtani részben az uniós, részben a német szabályozás áttekintésével.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS UNIVERSIDADES COMUNITÁRIAS NOS PROCESSOS DE REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA URBANA: A EXPERIÊNCIA DA UNIJUÍ VIA PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO
Authors: Moura Patrícia Borges , Oliveski Patrícia Marques
Published: March 2020

O Projeto de Extensão Universitária “Regularização fundiária urbana: direito social à moradia digna”, vinculado ao Departamento de Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais da Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do RS - UNIJUÍ, tem o objetivo de promover, em parceria com o poder público municipal, a regularização fundiária urbana nos municípios de Ijuí, Santa Rosa e Três Passos, garantindo aos moradores/ocupantes de imóveis em situação de clandestinidade/irregularidade, pertencentes a segmentos sociais vulneráveis e hipossuficientes economicamente, além do direito social à moradia, a efetivação de seu direito à propriedade, nos termos da Lei n.º 13.465/2017.
A HISTÓRIA DA OCUPAÇÃO CHIQUINHA GONZAGA: UMA ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO DO PROCESSO DE CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO DO SUJEITO
Authors: Matheus André Luiz de Carvalho , Falbo Ricardo Nery
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar a história do movimento social Chiquinha Gonzaga, ocupação urbana localizada na zona central do Rio de Janeiro. A história desta Ocupação foi definida pelo discurso de um de seus organizadores e revelou o caráter complexo do processo de conscientização de seus ocupantes. A linguagem do discurso revelou prática política que distinguia os sujeitos entre “educadores” e “educandos”. Esta prática ocorreu em reuniões para a formação e em assembleias para a consolidação da Ocupação. Ela traduziu concepção mecânica e orgânica na constituição do sujeito político com a inclusão e a exclusão da história deste sujeito.
O jogo educativo “caça-piolhos”: Como prevenir a pediculose brincando
Authors: Bogéa Tami Pestana , Araújo Artur , Silva Cardoso Aline Aparecida , Vieira de Melo Jonathan , Teixeira da Rocha Rebeca Fernandes , Pereira dos Santos Ludmila Lorraine
Published: March 2020

A pediculose é uma infecção parasitária comumente encontrada na comunidade escolar brasileira. A despeito das campanhas para controle do piolho de cabeça, as taxas de prevalência permanecem altas. Este trabalho apresenta o jogo educativo “Caça-Piolhos” como parte de uma sequência didática para informar, de forma lúdica, sobre a biologia do piolho e a prevenção da pediculose. Estudantes dos 4o e 5o anos do ensino fundamental de uma unidade escolar pública participaram de aulas expositivas dialogadas, oficinas além de participar do jogo “Caça-Piolhos”. Verificou-se que o jogo manteve um bom nível de engajamento dos estudantes, permitindo verificar o aprendizado dos conteúdos discutidos. Observou-se ainda a falta de interesse de alguns estudantes em função da idade e/ou dificuldades na leitura e compreensão das perguntas. Além de promover o aprendizado sobre a pediculose, este jogo poderia atuar como ferramenta na detecção de problemas de alfabetização se caso fosse incorporado à uma estratégia interdisciplinar envolvendo professores de Ciências e Português. Ao desenvolver ou utilizar jogos educativos é importante avaliar a qualidade destes produtos para assegurar que eles trazem benefícios à aprendizagem, justificando a sua utilização. Assim, estudos que desenvolvam métodos para avaliar a eficiência dos jogos educativos como metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem são encorajados.
TSK’NIN İHA GÖRÜNTÜLERİNİ SORUN YÖNETİMİ BAĞLAMINDA SİYASAL İLETİŞİM ARACI OLARAK KULLANMASI: AFRİN OPERASYONU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DEMİR Konur Alp , DEMİR Kurthan
Published: March 2020

Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri (TSK), Türkiye’nin güney kesiminde konumlanan terör örgütlerinin hem Türkiye’nin ulusal bağımsızlığına hem de Türklere ve bölgede yaşayan diğer insanlara yönelik terör saldırılarına son vermek, Türkiye’nin güney sınırında oluşmuş ve ileri bir zaman diliminde daha fazla gelişmesi olasılıklar dâhilinde olan terör yapılanmasının önüne geçebilmek ve nihai aşamada bölgede güven, huzur ve istikrarı sağlayabilmek amacıyla Zeytin Dalı Harekâtı adı altında askerî bir harekât düzenlemiştir. Bu harekât içerisinde nokta atışı yapabilmek ve terörün yoğun bir biçimde yaşandığı Afrin kentini terör unsurlarından temizleyebilmek amacıyla Afrin Operasyonu adı altında özel bir operasyon gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen operasyonda yalnızca terör örgütleri hedef alınmış, sivillerin, tarihî eserlerin, kamu binalarının ve terörle ilgisi olmayan diğer unsurların zarar görmemesi için gerekli hassasiyetler gösterilmiştir. Ancak terör örgütleri ve teröre destek veren diğer unsurlar TSK’nın bu hassasiyetlerini karalayıcı propaganda yaparak dünyaya yanlış aktarmaya çalışmışlardır. TSK, karalayıcı propagandanın önüne geçebilmek için sorun yönetimi bağlamında halkla ilişkiler faaliyetlerine hız vermiş ve süreç içerisinde siyasal iletişim aracı olarak İnsansız Hava Aracı (İHA) görüntülerini sosyal medya (Twitter) üzerinden etkin bir biçimde kullanmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemleri arasında sayılan içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmadan beklenen nihai sonuç TSK’nın, sorun yönetimi bağlamında İHA ve sosyal medya (Twitter) araçlarını kullanarak, düzenlemiş olduğu askerî operasyonunun içeriğini, gerekliliğini ve meşruluğunu İHA görüntüleri ile tüm dünyaya anlatmasını ve sorun yönetimi açısından yeni bir uygulamayı hayata geçirmiş olmasını görüntü ve açıklamalar ile analiz etmektir.
Convolutional neural net learns promoter sequence features driving transcription strength
Authors: Leiby Nicholas , Hossain Ayaan , Salis Howard M
Published: March 2020

Promoters drive gene expression and help regulate cellular responses to the environment. In recent research, machine learning models have been developed to predict a bacterial promoter’s transcriptional initiation rate, although these models utilize expert-labeled sequence elements across a defined set of DNA building blocks. The generalizability of these methods is therefore limited by the necessary labeling of the specific components studied. As a result, current models have not been used to predict the transcriptional initiation rates of promoters with generalized nucleotide sequences. If generalizable models existed, they could greatly facilitate the design of synthetic genetic circuits with well-controlled transcription rates in bacteria.

To address these limitations, we used a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict a promoter’s transcriptional initiation rate directly from its DNA nucleotide sequence. We first evaluated the model on a published promoter component dataset. Trained using only the sequence as input, our model fits held-out test data with R2​ ​= 0.90, comparable to published models that fit expert-labeled sequence elements.

We produced a new promoter strength dataset including non-repetitive promoters with high sequence variation and not limited to combinations of discrete expert-labeled components. Our CNN trained on this more varied dataset fits held-out promoter strength with R2​ ​= 0.61. Previously-published models are intractable on a dataset like this with highly diverse inputs. The CNN outperforms classical approach baselines like LASSO on a bag of words for promoter sequence elements (R2​ ​= 0.42).

We applied recent machine learning approaches to quantify the contribution of individual nucleotides to the CNN's promoter strength prediction. Learning directly from DNA sequence, our model identified the consensus -35 and -10 hexamer regions as well as the discriminator element as keycontributorstoσ7​0​promoterstrength.Italsoreplicatedafindingthataperfectconsensus sequence match does not yield the strongest promoter.

The model's ability to independently learn biologically-relevant information directly from sequence, while performing similarly to or better than classical methods, makes it appealing for further prediction optimization and research into generalizability. This approach may be useful for synthetic promoter design, as well as for sequence feature identification.
Bioinformatics analysis of hereditary disease gene set to identify key modulators of myocardial remodeling during heart regeneration in zebrafish
Authors: Liu Lawrence Yu-Min , Lai Zih-Yin , Lin Min-Hsuan , Shih Yu , Chuang Yung-Jen
Published: March 2020

Unlike mammals, adult zebrafish hearts retain a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury. Since regeneration shares many common molecular pathways with embryonic development, we investigated myocardial remodeling genes and pathways by performing a comparative transcriptomic analysis of zebrafish heart regeneration using a set of known human hereditary heart disease genes related to myocardial hypertrophy during development. We cross-matched human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated genes with a time-course microarray dataset of adult zebrafish heart regeneration. Genes in the expression profiles that were highly elevated in the early phases of myocardial repair and remodeling after injury in zebrafish were identified. These genes were further analyzed with web-based bioinformatics tools to construct a regulatory network revealing potential transcription factors and their upstream receptors. In silico functional analysis of these genes showed that they are involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, and inflammation-related pathways. The regulatory network indicated that β-2- microglobulin-mediated signaling may play an important role in myocardial remodeling after injury. This novel cross-species bioinformatics approach to uncover key modulators of zebrafish heart regeneration through human hereditary disease genomic analysis could greatly facilitate the understanding of the evolutionarily conserved cardiac remodeling process.
Aiming for the Goal with SInE
Authors: Suda Martin
Published: March 2020

The Sumo INference Engine (SInE) is a well-established premise selection algorithm for first-order theorem provers, routinely used, especially on large theory problems. The main idea of SInE is to start from the goal formula and to iteratively add other formulas to those already added that are related by sharing signature symbols. This implicitly defines a certain heuristical distance of the individual formulas and symbols from the goal.

In this paper, we show how this distance can be successfully used for other purposes than just premise selection. In particular, biasing clause selection to postpone introduction of input clauses further from the goal helps to solve more problems. Moreover, a precedence which respects such goal distance of symbols gives rise to a goal sensitive simplification ordering. We implemented both ideas in the automatic theorem prover Vampire and present their experimental evaluation on the TPTP benchmark.
Human cholinesterases
Authors: Varfolomeev Sergey , Grigorenko Bella , Lushchekina Sofya , Masson Patrick , Mahaeva Galina , Nemuchin Alexander
Published: March 2020

The work is devoted to modeling the elementary stages of the hydrolysis reaction in the active site of enzymes belonging to the class of cholinesterases — acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The study allowed to describe at the molecular level the effect of the polymorphic modification of BChE, causing serious physiolog ical consequences. Cholinesterase plays a crucial role in the human body. AChE is one of the key enzymes of the central nervous system, and BChE performs protective functions in the body. According to the results of calculations using the combined method of quantum and molecular mechanics (KM/MM), the mechanism of the hydrolysis of the native acetylcholine substrate in the AChE active center was detailed. For a series of ester substrates, a method for estimation of dependence of the enzyme reactivity on the structure of the substrate has been developed. The mechanism of hydrolysis of the muscle relaxant of succininylcholine BChE and the effect of the Asp70Gly polymorph on it were studied. Using various computer simulation methods, the stability of the enzyme-substrate complex of two enzyme variants with succinylcholine was studied.
Kinetic modelling of processes in the cholinergic synapse. Mechanisms of functioning and control methods
Authors: Varfolomeev Sergey , Bykov Viktor , Tsybenova Svetlana
Published: March 2020

The kinetic model describing the dynamics of synaptic “discharge” taking into account the kinetics of the injection of the neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, the pH-dependence of catalytic activity of the enzyme and diffusion withdrawal of protons is proposed and studied. In the framework of the kinetic model, the functioning of the cholinergic synapse is considered. The results of mathematical modeling of changes in the level of acetylcholine, induced pH impulse, the influence of the frequency of impulse transfer and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase are presented. Physico-chemical explanation for a number of important physiological phenomena, such as neuromuscular paralysis, the molecular mechanism of neurological memory, actions of nerve poisons and toxins and Alzheimer’s disease is given.
Transformasi Bentuk Fisik pada Tipologi Fasade Masjid Jami’ Malang
Authors: A'yun Qurrotul
Published: March 2020

Masjid Jami’ Malang merupakan masjid yang mengalami perubahan bentuk tipologi secara dinamis. Secara arsitektural, Masjid Jami’ Malang mengakomodasi beberapa tipologi sekaligus, yaitu tipologi yang menjadi ciri universalitas dari sebuah masjid, serta tipologi yang menjadi ciri lokalitas dari daerah setempat. Padahal masjid pada umumnya hanya mengakomodasi 1 (satu) jenis tipologi saja. Bagaimana Masjid Jami’ Malang dapat menggabungkan beberapa tipologi fasade dan mentransformasikannya ke dalam bentukan-bentukan yang baru inilah, yang menjadi menarik untuk dikaji.  Penelitian dilakukan melalui sejumlah kajian literatur dengan pustaka-pustaka yang relevan, serta diperkuat dengan observasi langsung terhadap obyek. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengkaji hal tersebut ialah metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil kajian menyatakan bahwa penggabungan bentuk antara ciri universalitas dan lokalitas, dilakukan dengan cara menampilkan atap kubah (dome), iwan, arches serta minaret secara bertahap sebagai ciri universalitas masjid dunia, dengan tetap mempertahankan atap tajug, serta penggunaan material kayu sebagai ciri kelokalitasan daerah.
Evaluasi Material Radiant Tube Heater Di Unit Refinery Menggunakan Metode Teknik Replika Dan Kekerasan
Authors: Syahril Muhammad , Kurniasih Kurniasih
Published: March 2020

Tulisan ini dibahas tentang evaluasi materialradianttube refinery heateryang telah beroperasi selama Â± 15 tahun dengan metode teknik replika dan uji kekerasan. Secara visual, tube yang merupakan spesifikasi dari material 1Â¼Cr-Â½Mo-Si telah terdegradasi akibat terekspos pada temperatur tinggi dalam waktu yang lama. Evaluasi dilakukan secara analitis untuk mengetahui kondisi aktual tube dan menjamin kehandalan tube terhadap beban operasi yang akan datang.

Studi ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan visual, struktur mikro dengan teknik replika dan uji kekerasan material dengan alat uji kekerasan portable. Pengamatan pada radianttubemenunjukkan bahwa struktur mikro material tube berupa fasa ferit dan perlit yang mulai terspheroidisasi,batas butir masih cukup jelas, nilai kekerasan minimum sebesar 127 HB (kekerasan brinnell) yang identik dengan nilai kekuatan tarik sebesar 438 MPa.Analisis kekuatan material dari nilai kekerasan mengindikasikan bahwa material tube masih dalam kriteria spesifikasi standar material 1Â¼Cr-Â½Mo-Si, dimana kekuatanstandarnya adalah minimum 415 MPa. Berasarkan analisis struktur mikro dan nilai kekerasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa material tube heater masih layak dan handal untuk difungsikan dalam operasi sesuai kondisi desain.

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Pemberdayaan Peternak Sapi Pola Paronisasi melalui Pembuatan Pupuk Bokashi di Desa Oeletsala, Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Randu Melkianus Dedimus Same , Suek Ferdinan Suharjono , Wirawan I Gusti Komang Oka , Semang Agustinus
Published: March 2020

Oeletsala Village is an area in Kupang Regency that dominates the community who runs a business of feedlot (paronization) of Bali cattle. Paronization activities were implemented hereditary, but less explored the utilization of livestock waste (feces) causing environmental pollution and supporting the population of flies as a mechanical vector of thelaziasis. This community service aims to improve the knowledge and skills of farmer group partner members related to making bokashi fertilizer. Community service activities are conducted in the Nij Baki Group, which has 24 members. Implementation of activities methods include extension, plot demonstration, assistance, and evaluation. The results of activities achieved were the production of 300 kg Bokashi fertilizer and the revenue from the sale of Bokashi fertilizer amounted to IDR 375.000. Community service activities have provided positive benefits in the form of increased knowledge about the benefits of Bokashi fertilizer (87.50%) and skills for making bokashi fertilizer (79.17%).
Akuntansi Sederhana Bagi Usaha Rumah Tangga Pengolahan Buah Mangrove di Kabupaten Mempawah
Authors: Kurniati Dewi , Dolorosa Eva , Nurliza Nurliza
Published: March 2020

Mangrove fruits can be used as an alternative food stuffs.  Household businesses in Mempawah Regency processed mangrove fruits into products in the form of dodol, syrup, and flour. Nevertheless, the processing done by the community was very simple and required a long time. One disadvantage of household businesses in managing their businesses was the poor financial management, specifically related to the accounting bookkeeping process.  This service activity aimed to provide accounting training for household businesses so that they can have better financial management knowledge and procedures.  The method used was the accounting training practice. This training activity was participated in by the mangrove fruit processing household business operators which was carried out in Sungai Bakau Besar Laut Village, Siliki Pinyuh Sub-district, Mempawah District. The results of the training showed an increase in the knowledge and abilities of the participants in accounting bookeeping and the participants practiced themselves in their respective businesses. To support the sustainability of this training program, a mentoring program from the government and academia are needed.
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Tambak Ikan Bandeng di Kecamatan Woha Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Fadillah Nur
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk mengetahui pendapatan petani tambak ikan bandeng di Kecamatan Woha KabupatenBima. (2) Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani tambak ikan bandeng di KecamatanWoha Kabupaten Bima.Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik survai. Unit analisis adalah petani yang mengusahakan tambak ikan bandeng di Kecamatan Woha Kabupaten Bima.Jumlah responden ditentukan sebanyak 40 orangyang terdistribusisecara proportional sampling, Selanjutnya untuk mendapatkan petani yang menjadi responden ditentukan secara insidental sampling. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer dan data sekunder yang dianalisis secara kulaitatif dan kuantitaif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa : (1) Rata-rata Pendapatan usahatani tambak ikan bandeng di Kecamatan Woha Kabupaten Bima dalam satu kali budidaya yaitu sebesar Rp 20.632.831/LLG atau sebesar Rp. 31.015.154/Ha. Dimana rata-rata biaya produksi sebesar Rp.2.415.502/ LLG atau Rp. 3.630.969/Ha dan penerimaan sebesar Rp. 23.048.333/LLG atau Rp. 34.646.123/Ha. (2) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani tambak ikan bandeng di Kecamatan Woha Kabupaten Bima adalah produksi, benih, luas lahan, HKO, pengalaman dan pendidikan. Yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan petani tambak ikan bandeng adalah produksi dan HKO berdasarkan taraf nyata 0,05 %.
Analisis Ekonomi dan Pemasaran Usahatani Cabai Rawit di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Sari Rina Novita
Published: March 2020

Cabai rawit (Capsicum fritescens L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang banyak mendapatkan perhatian karena memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi karena hampir semua jenis masakan menggunakan cabai rawit untuk menambah rasa pedas pada masakan, selain itu dapat digunakan sebagai obat-obatan dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui analisis biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan, efisiensi usahatani, saluran dan efisiensi pemasaran serta masalah yang dihadapi oleh petani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua Desa  yaitu Desa Penedagandor dan Desa Korleko. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode  deskriptif   dan  pengumpulan  data   dilakukan  dengan wawancara  langsung  kepada  petani  dan  ditambah  dengan  data  pendukung  lain  yang  dapat menunjang  dari  studi  literatur  dan  pustaka.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  biaya  dan pendapatan usahatani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Lombok Timur adalah sebesar Rp. 8.494.778/LLG atau Rp. 36.668.108/Ha dengan penerimaan sebesar Rp 48.464.917/LLG atau Rp 209.201.079/Ha dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 39.970.139/LLG atau Rp 172.532.971/Ha. R/C ratio usahatani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji adalah sebesar 5,70 yang berarti bahwa usahatani cabai rawit layak untuk diusahakan karena memiliki nilai R/C ratio ≥ 1. Pemasaran cabai rawit sudah efisien karena share petani lebih dari 60% yaitu 66% dan 73% dengan margin Rp 11.607/kg dan Rp 8.654/kg dan distribusi keuntungan 0,78 dan 0,89. Masalah usahatani yang dihadapi oleh petani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji yaitu fluktuasi harga, keterbatasan saprodi, hama dan penyakit.
O magistério católico: simultaneamente pedra de tropeço e chance
Authors: Dencken Michel
Published: March 2020

O artigo constata inicialmente uma crise do magistério e procura efetuar uma defesa e uma ilustração da função teológica do magistério em virtude de sua natureza teológica: o magistério não é um mal necessário, mas uma necessidade. A seguir, põe em evidência aspectos importantes no vínculo entre magistério e teologia: trata-se de passar da suspeita mútua à vigilância comum. No final, em algumas observações conclusivas, tenta captar os elementos de um desafio que o mundo ocidental contemporâneo lança ao mesmo tempo ao magistério e à teologia.Abstract: The article initially sees a crisis within the teaching office and tries to efect a defense and an illustration of the theological function of the teaching office in virtue of its theological nature: the teaching office is not a necessary evil, but a necessity. Following this, it brings forth important aspects in the link between the teaching office and theology: mutual suspicion becomes common vigilance. In the end, in some conclusive observations, it tries to capture the elements of a challenge which the western contemporary world projects outwards at one and the same time to the teaching office and to theology.
Teoría del régimen internacional en contabilidad
Authors: Franco Ruíz Rafael
Published: March 2020

Este escrito, trata sobre Realismo y Estándares Internacionales de Contabilidad. Pretende develar los fundamentos del proceso de regulación en el campo de los servicios contables que el sentido común, considera producto de investigación científica, derivado de la construcción de descripciones de la realidad económica que fundamentan predicciones dinamizadas por una acción comunicativa. El enfoque metodológico soportado en hermenéutica, construye una comprensión del fenómeno, busca conocer sus causas y dinámicas, apelando a interpretación histórica, buscando en ella los orígenes y contenidos de la regulación contable como mecanismo de incorporación a, y de los mercados globales, desde estrategias de relaciones internacionales basadas en cooperación.El proceso interpretativo, permite entender la regulación desde una perspectiva de realismo, confirmando prácticas de segmentación cognitiva para transformar la contabilidad de bien público, en mercancía para satisfacer intereses de los agentes del financiamiento empresarial, abandonando el campo de la descripción, propio de la contabilidad como historia, desplazándola a la predicción por expectativas derivadas de valoraciones ancladas en el pasado y medidas en el futuro. No existen,en la regulación, estructuras hipotético-deductivas ni teleológicas en la perspectiva de las metodologías de construcción, que son políticas; ni bases epistemológicas, lo prevaleciente, es la instrumentalización de intereses y valores.Palabras clave:Teoría del régimen internacional, regulación contable,realismoeconómico, realismo político, cooperación.
Problemáticas en el sistema- mundo de la contabilidad
Authors: Gracia López Edgar
Published: March 2020

El artículo trata sobre los principales problemas que enfrenta la contabilidad, señalando la urgencia de reconstruir el cuerpo teórico de la misma. Destaca la importancia de ubicar las tendencias actuales que, especialmente, están centradas en la gestión del conocimiento y lo ambiental, como paso para postular la presencia de una racionalidad diferenciada de lo convencional. Observa reflexiones sobre la racionalidad y el concepto sistema, como mediaciones para repensar la contabilidad ambiental.
La investigación en educación contable: breve historia y revisión internacional
Authors: León Paime Edison Fredy
Published: March 2020

El documento realiza una revisión amplia sobre la producción internacional en educación contable. El propósito del mismo, es identificar tanto las líneas de producción, como las temáticas de reflexión más importantes en cuanto a los estudios de la educación contable. Efectúa una descripción por contextos, identificando aquellos elementos que resultan fundamentales en la comprensión de esta línea de trabajo, que ha ganado un importante lugar en la disciplina contable. Termina planteando un modelo explicativo de dos fases; el primero, de construcción de condiciones para la estructuración de investigación y el segundo, de consolidación de la investigación de la educación contable.
Oportunidades de la investigación contable en Colombia, la escuela de la contabilidad organizativa y del comportamiento
Authors: Giraldo Garcés Gregorio Antonio
Published: March 2020

Las ideas que a continuación se presentan, ente otros propósitos, quieren hacer la invitación al lector a emprender la tarea de concebir la contabilidad como una disciplina en movimiento que repiensa sus objetos y sus métodos de trabajo. Con el ánimo de ampliar los enfoques para el desarrollo de la investigación se vincula aquí los planteamientos de la Escuela de la Contabilidad Organizativa y del Comportamiento, los cuales se expresan a través de la perspectiva crítica e interpretativa de la contabilidad; dando cabida a la intersubjetividad y a la consideración del actor contable. Queda claro en esta invitación la necesidad de leer la realidad contable en compañía de marcos referenciales sociológicos, históricos, antropológicos, culturales, filosóficos entre otros, que permitan la construcción de un nuevo sentido por los fenómenos organizacionales. De este modo, se proponen alternativas o escenarios para realizar investigación contable, desde ópticas heterodoxas que exploren problemas del ser humano, del comportamiento ético de los sujetos, de la mentalidad de los contadores, sobre la responsabilidad social del actuar contable, sobre la valoración de recursos no económicos, sobre la calidad de vida y el bienestar de la comunidad.
Severe Periocular Edema after Intraarterial Carboplatin Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma in a Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Model
Authors: Oatess Tai L , Chen Patty H , Daniels Anthony B , Himmel Lauren E
Published: March 2020

Endovascular microcatheter-based intraarterial (ophthalmic artery) chemotherapy is becoming widely used for the clinical treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma due to its apparent increased efficacy compared with traditional intravenous chemotherapy; however local ocular complications
are not uncommon. Carboplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in both intravenous and intraarterial chemotherapy. We used rabbits to assess pharmacokinetics and ocular and systemic toxicity after intraarterial carboplatin infusion. Subsequent to unilateral intraarterial administration of
carboplatin, severe unilateral or bilateral periocular edema occurred in 6 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. Time to onset varied from less than 4 h after administration (n = 3, 50 mg) to approximately 24 h afterward (n = 3, 25 mg). After becoming symptomatic, 5 of the 6
animals were promptly euthanized, and the remaining animal (25 mg treatment) was medically managed for 4 d before being euthanized due to intractable edema-related lagophthalmos. Globes and orbits from all 6 euthanized rabbits were harvested en bloc; whole-mount sections were prepared for
histologic evaluation, which revealed drug-induced vasogenic edema in confined spaces as the main underlying pathogenesis. Transient and self-limiting periocular edema is a common side effect of intraarterial chemotherapy but is thought to occur predominantly with melphalan monotherapy or
combination therapy using melphalan, carboplatin, and topotecan. The severity of this adverse consequence in rabbits was unexpected, and its use in the study was subsequently discontinued. Although the definitive cause for this vasotoxicity and striking clinical presentation is unknown, we
suspect species-specific anatomic features and sensitivity might have contributed to amplified complications after intraarterial carboplatin chemotherapy of the eye. Due to the adverse effects of intraarterial carboplatin chemotherapy that we observed in 2 experimental cohorts of rabbits,
we recommend caution regarding its use in this species.
Термодинамическая стабильность многокомпонентной гемостатической лекарственной формы
Authors: Барсукова Ю. , Мельникова О.
Published: March 2020

Изучение стабильности системы под воздействием внешних факторов является первым шагом на пути исследования устойчивости композиций в составе лекарственных форм. Представлены данные по методике обоснования оптимального состава гемостатического лекарственного средства с учетом термодинамической стабильности при использовании метода фазовых диаграмм. Построена фазовая диаграмма системы «железа(III) хлорид–аминокапроновая кислота–натрия хлорид».
MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF GEOHERITAGE AT MEDOBORY NATURE RESERVE
Authors: Zinko Yuriy , Hnatiuk Roman , Moskalyuk Kateryna , Oliiar Halyna , Ivanyk Myroslav
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the management plan for the geoheritage sites as a component of the “Management Plan for the Medobory Nature Reserve and the Protection of its Natural Sites”. Critical analysis of the need for a comprehensive study of components of inanimate nature, in particular, geological-geomorphological structure of the protected areas with distinct geographic heritage, in the basic national documents “Management Plan for the Nature Reserve and the Protection of its Natural Sites” and “Chronicle of Nature of the Areas and Sites of the Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine”. In particular, the experience of scientific support for Polish plans for the national parks involves special documentation focusing on the geological environment. It substantiates the algorithm for the study of geoheritage at the Medobory Nature Reserve: from the inventory of the geological-geomorphological component of the territory to the measures for geoeducational support and geoheritage promotion.
It analyzes peculiarities of the geological-geomorphological structure of the Medobory Nature Reserve, which represents the fossil barrier reef of the Badenian-Sarmatian age. The basic lithologic-stratigraphic and geomorphological scientific-educational values of the territory of the reserve were emphasized.
The proposed management plan for the conservation and promotion of the Medobory Nature Reserve's geoheritage presupposes appropriate strategic objectives for a ten-year period and operational activities for a five-year period. The key strategic objectives and the corresponding measures to preserve and promote the geoheritage of the Medobory Nature Reserve are as follows: conservation of the geoheritage sites and geo-archaeological heritage sites with the inventory of valuable outcrops and reefogenic formations, inventory of parent and mantle rocks to develop the consolidated stratigraphic section; development of a permanent infrastructure for geoeducational activities with measures aimed at creating educational exhibition in the administrative building of the reserve; development of geotourist trails with information-educational support of existing ecoeducational trails and development of new scientific and geoeducational trails.
It is important to elaborate the project for creating the National Geopark “Fossil Barrier Reef of Podillya” at the Medobory Nature Reserve and the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park. Its main functions will include conservation of the Tovtry Ridge as a unique geological-geomorphological phenomenon, combined with the organization of elements of geoeducation and geotourism as a component of the sustainable development of the region.
Key words: reserve, geoheritage, geological and geomorphological structure, management plan, strategic objectives, operational activities, promotion, Medobory, fossil barrier reef.
Cryphaea consimilis (Cryphaeaceae, Bryophyta), nueva cita para la Argentina.
Authors: Cottet Agustina C. , Suárez Guillermo M. , Schiavone María M. , Messuti María I.
Published: March 2020

Cryphaea consimilis Mont. (Cryphaeaceae, Bryophyta) se registra por primera vez para la Argentina, extendiendo su distribución dentro de los bosques subantárticos. Se presenta una descripción breve, discusión, mapa de distribución e ilustración de la especie. En este trabajo se  designa un lectotipopara la especie.
Reading to bilingual preschoolers: An experimental study of two book formats
Authors: Brouillard Melanie , Dubé Daphnée , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: March 2020

Reading stories to children provides opportunities for word learning. Bilingual children encounter new words in each of their languages during shared storybook reading, but the way in which they encounter them can vary. We compared learning from two types of bilingual book materials: typical single-language books (i.e., two copies of the same book, each in a different language), and bilingual books (i.e., one copy of the book, with text in both languages on each page). Five-year-old French-English bilinguals (n = 67) who were either proficient or second-language learners were randomly assigned to hear an original story from a balanced bilingual experimenter in one of the two book formats. Children’s learning of French and English labels for five novel objects embedded in the story was assessed via a pointing task. Children were successful at learning words in both languages, and performance was not affected by either book format nor by children's language proficiency. Children neither favoured nor avoided learning translation equivalents (i.e., cross-language synonyms) in either format. These results suggest that children are flexible word learners and that shared bilingual book reading — regardless of book format — is an effective way to teach bilingual children new words in two languages.
One model to rule them all? Using machine learning algorithms to determine the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis.
Authors: Goretzko David , Bühner Markus
Published: March 2020

Determining the number of factors is one of the most crucial decisions a researcher has to face when conducting an exploratory factor analysis. As no common factor retention criterion can be seen as generally superior, a new approach is proposed - combining extensive data simulation with state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms. First, data was simulated under a broad range of realistic conditions and three algorithms were trained using specially designed features based on the correlation matrices of the simulated data sets. Subsequently, the new approach was compared to four common factor retention criteria with regard to its accuracy in determining the correct number of factors in a large-scale simulation experiment. Sample size, variables per factor, correlations between factors, primary and cross-loadings as well as the correct number of factors were varied to gain comprehensive knowledge of the efficiency of our new method. A gradient boosting model outperformed all other criteria, so in a second step, we improved this model by tuning several hyperparameters of the algorithm and using common retention criteria as additional features. This model reached an out-of-sample accuracy of 99.3% (the pre-trained model can be obtained from https://osf.io/mvrau/). A great advantage of this approach is the possibility to continuously extend the data basis (e.g. using ordinal data) as well as the set of features to improve the predictive performance and to increase generalizability.