bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Impediments in the Adoption of Balanced Scorecard in Pakistan
Authors: Qadri Mubashar Majeed , Azhar Tashfeen Mahmood , Imam Awais
Published: June 2017

The status of adoption of balanced scorecard (BSC) in Pakistan is still blurry and keeping different adoption, diffusion and strategic theories in mind, a theoretical framework and four hypotheses were proposed. The target population was organisations of all types and 268 organisations listed in the Karachi Stock Exchange were selected randomly. All constructs were measured through a questionnaire. The results suggest that environmental complexity, competition and consultancy institutions were serving as barriers in the adoption of BSC. However, the factor network personality, a part of the environmental factors, was not significant and was not a barrier. The managers of consultancy institutions can view this study as a benchmark because by reviewing the result they can decide whether it is time to launch a campaign to exert the pressure for adoption of BSC or not to propagate the significance of the BSC tool by stopping further allocation of resources.
Evaluation of the GNPV Method for Decision-making in Non-conventional Projects
Authors: Song Ningning , Badar M. Affan , McLeod Alister , Shahhosseini A. Mehran
Published: June 2017

Kulakova and Kulakov (2012) have presented the generalised net present value (GNPV) method to evaluate non-conventional projects. They have illustrated the method with three examples: a project of 2-year life with multiple internal rate of returns (IRRs), a project of 2-year life without IRR and a project of 3-year life with a unique real-valued IRR, which is not the rate of return. The purpose of the present study was to test the validity and feasibility of the GNPV method in evaluating other non-conventional projects with a longer life. The method was used to evaluate five scenarios: a project of 5-year life with multiple IRRs; a project of 7-year life with multiple IRRs, which were not the rates of return; a project of 10-year life with a positive and a negative IRR meaning the positive value was the unique IRR; a project of 7-year life with a salvage value and a unique IRR; and a staged expansion project of 10-year life with a unique IRR. It was concluded that the GNPV method worked in all the five cases considered. Advantages of the GNPV method were noticed in agreement with Kulakova and Kulakov (2012) that (i) the minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) was not required to find a solution; (ii) the internal (financing) rate may be different from the external (reinvestment) rate; and (iii) internal and external rates are not necessarily required for solution, but are required for evaluation of the projects. One disadvantage was observed that the computational work in some cases might be overwhelming.
Shaping ideal cities: The graph representation of the urban utopia
Authors: D’Autilia Roberto , Spada Marco
Published: June 2017

The ideal Renaissance city is designed as a star-shaped fortress, where the streets and squares are organized to speed the movement of people and soldiers. Symmetry and accessibility represent the key features for the organization of the urban space. The resulting city is hierarchized and does not always guarantee an optimal degree of connectivity. Starting from the space syntax definition, we suggest a method to compute urban graphs from the Euclidean representation, the corresponding line graph and the contraction of nodes with the same urban function. We analyze the urban graphs of five historic cities and compare the analysis with the corresponding results from space syntax. Analysis of the spectral gap and the relative asymmetry distribution show a similar structure for these cities. The irregular or reticular housing structure seems to ensure connectivity and accessibility more than the regular grids. However, connectivity is ensured by the most peripheral streets, which in the space syntax representation play a marginal role.
An introduction to database grammatology
Authors: Liu Zhi-Ji
Published: June 2017

With the development of information technology, databases have taken the place of the “card box” as an indexing device for some researchers. It cannot be denied that the grammatological studies based on databases have not only become an objective existence that cannot be ignored, but have also had fruitful achievements. However, the corresponding theoretical construction remains blank, which is unfavorable for the grammatology study based on databases to develop scientifically. Therefore, this paper attempts to discuss the following matters: the definition of “database grammatology”; the relationship between “database grammatology” and “corpus linguistics”; the feasibility of “database grammatology”; “database grammatology” and traditional grammatology; the database construction of “database grammatology”; and the academic quality pursuit of database grammatology study.
Alternative donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease
Authors: Gilman Andrew L. , Eckrich Michael J. , Epstein Stacy , Barnhart Carrie , Cannon Mark , Fukes Tracy , Hyland Michelle , Shah Krishna , Grochowski Darci , Champion Elizabeth , Ivanova Anastasia
Published: June 2017

Key Points

A CD34-selected, T-cell–depleted alternative donor graft after a reduced conditioning regimen resulted in engraftment in patients with sickle cell. This approach was associated with a low incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease and very good survival.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in lung disease
Authors: Marciniak Stefan J.
Published: June 2017

Exposure to inhaled pollutants, including fine particulates and cigarette smoke is a major cause of lung disease in Europe. While it is established that inhaled pollutants have devastating effects on the genome, it is now recognised that additional effects on protein folding also drive the development of lung disease. Protein misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum affects the pathogenesis of many diseases, ranging from pulmonary fibrosis to cancer. It is therefore important to understand how cells respond to endoplasmic reticulum stress and how this affects pulmonary tissues in disease. These insights may offer opportunities to manipulate such endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and thereby cure lung disease.
Formation of Two Kinds of Columnar Crystal Structures of Saddle-Shape Metal Complex [Ni(tmtaa)] Induced by Halogen Substitution
Authors: Ichimura Shuhei , Saeki Masahiro , Ueji Kan , Tamaki Yoshinori , Tomono Kazuaki , Nomoto Kuniharu , Miyamura Kazuo
Published: June 2017

A series of halogen substituted nickel tmtaa (tmtaa: 7,16-dihydro-6,8,15,17-tetramethyldibenzo-[b,i][1,4,8,11] tetraazacyclotetradecine) complexes ([Ni(tmtaa-4X)], X = F, Cl, Br, I) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallographic structure analysis. It was found that [Ni(tmtaa-4F)] formed one-dimensional stacked structure, [Ni(tmtaa-4Cl)] exhibited polymorphism, and [Ni(tmtaa-4Br)] and [Ni(tmtaa-4I)] incorporated crystallization solvent in its crystals. In particular, crystal to crystal phase transition was observed in [Ni(tmtaa-4Br)].
Does Home Production Drive Structural Transformation?
Authors: Moro Alessio , Moslehi Solmaz , Tanaka Satoshi
Published: June 2017

Using new home production data for the United States, we estimate a model of structural transformation with a home production sector, allowing for both non-homotheticity of preferences and differential productivity growth in each sector. We report two main findings. First, the estimation results show that home services have a lower income elasticity than market services. Second, the slowdown in home labor productivity, which started in the late 70s, is a key determinant of the rise of market services. Our counterfactual experiment shows that, without the slowdown, the share of market services would have been lower by 7.5 percent in 2010. (JEL D13, J24, L16)
A giant spurrey on a tiny island: On the phylogenetic position of Sanctambrosia manicata (Caryophyllaceae) and the generic circumscriptions of Spergula, Spergularia and Rhodalsine
Authors: Kool Anneleen , Thulin Mats
Published: June 2017

The only member of the generally herbaceous family Caryophyllaceae that may grow to a small tree is Sanctambrosia manicata, endemic to remote San Ambrosio Island, off the coast of Chile. The monospecific Sanctambrosia has been suggested to be closely related to Spergula and Spergularia (spurreys) on the basis of morphology, despite its treelike habit and gynodioecy. A plastid DNA dataset (ndhF, rps16, trnL-F) is used to investigate the relationships of Sanctambrosia and other members of Sperguleae. Sanctambrosia manicata is shown to be nested in a clade of New World and Australian Spergularia and the new combination Spergularia manicata is proposed. The volcanic San Ambrosio has been estimated to be almost three million years old, and S. manicata presumably evolved its treelike habit and gynodioecy over a short period of time. Spergula and Spergularia are monophyletic and recognizable by their number of carpels, five in Spergula and three in Spergularia. Spergularia fallax, which resembles Spergula in leaf characters, is shown to be sister to all other species of Spergularia. Minuartia subg. Rhodalsine belongs in Sperguleae and is sister to Spergula and Spergularia together, which supports the recent resurrection of Rhodalsine at the generic level.
Empreendedorismo estratégico em empresas familiares: um estudo multicaso
Authors: Borges Alex Fernando , Parreira José Vicente Correia , Enoque Alessandro Gomes , Almeida Lorrana Laila Silva de
Published: June 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em compreender a configuração do empreendedorismo estratégico em empresas familiares do setor supermercadista, situadas em uma cidade da região do Triângulo Mineiro, estado de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, buscou-se como recurso o método qualitativo de pesquisa, estruturado com base na estratégia de estudo multicaso. Foram entrevistas junto a fundadores, predecessores e sucessores das organizações familiares investigadas. A análise e discussão dos resultados permitiram a identificação de evidências da manifestação de situações de exploration e exploitation, e algumas situações de equilíbrio (ambidexterity) entre inovações ainda não exploradas e processos de melhoria contínua. Conclui-se que as empresas familiares investigadas empregam e valorizam as práticas de empreendedorismo estratégico em seus processos de renovação estratégica e de construção de diferenciais competitivos, contribuindo para seu crescimento ao longo do tempo e para sua categorização enquanto como empresas familiares empreendedoras.
Significados da educação privada na nova classe média
Authors: Nascimento Estefanie Silva , Costa Filho Murilo Carrazedo Marques da , Hor-Meyll Luis Fernando
Published: June 2017

Não foram identificados, na literatura de marketing, estudos que se debruçassem sobre a aquisição de educação privada como forma de consumo. Este estudo buscou investigar significados atribuídos à educação privada por famílias pertencentes à nova classe média brasileira, a partir de uma abordagem interpretativa, recorrendo à sociologia da educação de Bourdieu como base para a investigação empírica. Foram entrevistados em profundidade pais e mães, de famílias pertencentes aos estratos inferiores da classe média, que dedicavam uma parcela do orçamento familiar a gastos com  educação privada para seus filhos. Emergiram dos relatos temas como percepção sobre a qualidade de ensino e aquisição de capitais social e cultural para os filhos matriculados em instituições privadas. Os resultados do estudo estão alinhados com as propostas de Bourdieu e mostram que a aquisição de educação privada encontra-se intimamente ligada ao processo de ascensão social daquele segmento da população.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Shestakov Roman Borisovich
Published: June 2017

Состояние вопроса.Трансформация социально-экономических систем как особая форма системного движения, оставляет исследователям открытые вопросы во многом как благодаря неоднозначности понимания феномена, так и сложности самого исследуемого объекта трансформации (системы).Материалы и/или методы исследования.В работе использованы системный, эволюционный, историко-логический и экономико-­статистические подходы к исследованию изменений социально-экономических систем.Результаты.Для точной детерминации системной трансформации необходимо не только учитывать уровень метасистемы (например, мега-, макро или микроуровень), но и динамику системной эволюции, ее историко-логический вектор. В методологическом аспекте базальной проблемой изучения феномена трансформации остаются факторный и количественно-качественный анализ.Заключение.Лучшее понимание процесса трансформации необходимо для формирования эффективной экономической политики. Трансформация российской экономики остаётся актуальной задачей в плане модернизации и переходу к новому технологическому укладу.
Guided filtering for solar image/video processing
Authors: Лун Сюй , Long Xu , Йихуа Йан , Yihua Yan , Цзюнь Чэн , Jun Cheng
Published: June 2017

A new image enhancement algorithm employing guided filtering is proposed in this work for enhancement of solar images and videos, so that users can easily figure out important fine structures imbedded in the recorded images/movies for solar observation. The proposed algorithm can efficiently remove image noises, including Gaussian and impulse noises. Meanwhile, it can further highlight fibrous structures on/beyond the solar disk. These fibrous structures can clearly demonstrate the progress of solar flare, prominence coronal mass emission, magnetic field, and so on. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm gives significant enhancement of visual quality of solar images beyond original input and several classical image en-hancement algorithms, thus facilitating easier determi-nation of interesting solar burst activities from recorded images/movies.
Features of formation of small-scale wave disturbances during a sudden magnetospheric compression
Authors: Моисеев Алексей , Moiseev Aleksey , Баишев Дмитрий , Baishev Dmitry , Мишин Владимир , Mishin Vladimir , Уозуми Т. , Uozumi T. , Йошикава Акимаса , Yoshikawa Akimasa , Ду А. , Du A.
Published: June 2017

Quasi-periodic changes of the geomagnetic field and plasma parameters in the range of Pc 5 pulsations, which occurred immediately after the interaction of interplanetary shock (IPS) with Earth’s magnetosphere in the event of April 24, 2009 at 00:53 UT are examined using ground and satellite observations. The pulsations were localized at latitudes 66–74° in the noon (11 MLT) and evening (20 MLT) sectors. The analysis of hodographs of the geomagnetic field changes both from satellite and ground observations has shown the presence of vortical disturbances. In this event, both the IPS front in the interplanetary medium and the compression wave front in the magnetosphere had a slope in the ZGSM=0 plane; the inclination angle was 14° in the interplanetary medium and 34° in the magnetosphere.

The location of the vortical disturbances in the magnetosphere at different radial distances, i.e. X~5.5 Re in the noon sector and X ~–6.3 ÷–7.3 Re in the evening sector, is in agreement with the front inclination. As inferred from satellite observations, the maximum intensity of wave disturbances in both the sectors was registered in the toroidal component of the magnetic field. This suggests the resonant mechanism of excitation of these disturbances. The analysis of distribution of velocities of plasma flow and compression wave front propagation in the magnetosphere’s equatorial plane has revealed that the vortical disturbances occurred in regions where these velocities were noticeably different in magnitude.
Kinematic Geometry of Curve and Its Application to Geometric Modeling Flat Gear
Authors: Панчук  , Panchuk K. , Ляшков  , Lyashkov A. , Варепо  , Varepo L.
Published: June 2017

The paper presents the results of investigations in the field of kinematic geometry of the spatial curve of a line. The basis of the research is the method of the movable trihedron of the curve. The components of the trihedron motion along the spatial curve are considered and it is shown that its resultant instantaneous motion is screw motion. This result differs from the representation of the motion of a trihedron known in geometry as a rotation described by the Darboux vector. An analytical description of the set of axes of instantaneous helical motions of a trihedron in a moving and fixed system of assigning a spatial curve is given. The possibility of applying the obtained general results to the investigation of a plane curve is shown. The paper proposes a flat tooth gearing model based on the geometric interpretation of the motions of a trihedron of a plane curve and known in the geometric theory of plane mechanisms of the construction of Bobillier. The geometric scheme of this construction is expanded due to the introduction of evolutes simulating instantaneous motions of trihedron of the corresponding construction curves. As a result, a geometric model is obtained, which is more complete in comparison with the known models of flat gearing. It allows to perform both direct and inverse tasks of profiling the teeth of the wheels while simultaneously obtaining the curvature of the desired profiles in the absence of such. The proposed model can be used as the basis for the development of gears with a planar gearing scheme by the condition of achieving the necessary transmission performance due to the geometric shape of the teeth of the wheels.
Synthetic cannabinoids: characteristics, use and clinical implications
Authors: SANCHEZ HERVAS EMILIO
Published: June 2017

Synthetic cannabinoids are chemicals that bind to cannabinoid receptors and produce effects similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol. Although initially designed as possible pharmacological tools, they are currently one of the most important of the so-called new drugs. Some of these cannabinoids are extremely potent and have serious effects on the health of the users who are primarily young people. Its use can affect the behavior unpredictably (many users do not really know what they are consuming), and produce more adverse consequences than marijuana.This article reviews the most important characteristics of these substances, the consequences of their consumption and the clinical implications that derive from it.
The Cognitive Screening Scale for Schizophrenia (CSSS) – Part 2: Validity of the Scale
Authors: Mosiołek Anna , Gierus Jacek , Koweszko Tytus , Nowakowska Ada , Szulc Agata
Published: June 2017

Cel pracy

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia dalszą procedurę walidacyjną CSSS – krótkiej przesiewowej skali mającej szybko wykrywać osoby z zaburzeniami poznawczymi i współwystępującymi zaburzeniami psychospołecznymi, które wymagają pogłębionej diagnostyki i rehabilitacji.

Metoda

67 osób ze schizofrenią i 36 osób zdrowych przebadano za pomocą skali CSSS oraz baterii BACS, skali PANSS i skali GAF. Związki wyników skali CSSS z wiekiem i wykształceniem zbadano za pomocą równań regresji w grupach 124 osób ze schizofrenią i 36 osób zdrowych.

Wyniki

Wykryto liczne i statystycznie istotne związki pomiędzy wynikami podtestów CSSS i BACS oraz podtestów CSSS i podsskal PANSS (p<0,05). Wynik skorygowany CSSS z czułością 96% i swoistością 75% różnicuje grupę GAF=<70 od grupy GAF>70. Czułość i swoistość w odniesieniu do dychotomii osoby ze schizofrenią vs. osoby zdrowe wynoszą odpowiednio 73% i 53%.

Wnioski

Skala CSSS jest metodą diagnostyczną która charakteryzuje się trafnością adekwatną do poczynionych założeń i celów jej stworzenia. Narzędzie posiada cechy pozwalające na dalsze skuteczne jego rozwijanie.
A pragmatic randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of a femoral nerve block and periarticular infiltration for early pain relief following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wall P. D. H. , Sprowson† A. P. , Parsons N. R. , Parsons H. , Achten J. , Balasubramanian S. , Thompson P. , Costa M. L.
Published: June 2017

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a femoral nerve block and a periarticular infiltration in the management of early post-operative pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients and Methods

A pragmatic, single centre, two arm parallel group, patient blinded, randomised controlled trial was undertaken. All patients due for TKA were eligible. Exclusion criteria included contraindications to the medications involved in the study and patients with a neurological abnormality of the lower limb. Patients received either a femoral nerve block with 75 mg of 0.25% levobupivacaine hydrochloride around the nerve, or periarticular infiltration with 150 mg of 0.25% levobupivacaine hydrochloride, 10 mg morphine sulphate, 30 mg ketorolac trometamol and 0.25 mg of adrenaline all diluted with 0.9% saline to make a volume of 150 ml.

Results

A total of 264 patients were recruited and data from 230 (88%) were available for the primary analysis. Intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome measure of a visual analogue score for pain on the first post-operative day, prior to physiotherapy, was similar in both groups. The mean difference was -0.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) -5.9 to 4.5; p = 0.834). The periarticular group used less morphine in the first post-operative day compared with the femoral nerve block group (74%, 95% CI 55 to 99). The femoral nerve block group reported 39 adverse events, of which 27 were serious, in 31 patients and the periarticular group reported 51 adverse events, of which 38 were serious, in 42 patients up to six weeks post-operatively. None of the adverse events were directly attributed to either of the interventions under investigation.

Conclusion

Periarticular infiltration is a viable and safe alternative to femoral nerve block for the early post-operative relief of pain following TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:904–11.
A long-term follow-up study of the clinical and radiographic outcome of distal trochanteric transfer in Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ disease following varus derotational osteotomy
Authors: Shohat N. , Gilat R. , Shitrit R. , Smorgick Y. , Beer Y. , Agar G.
Published: June 2017

Aims

To assess the long-term effect of distal trochanteric transfer (DTT) on the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ disease (LCPD) following a varus derotational osteotomy (VDRO).

Patients and Methods

For this single centre cross-sectional retrospective study we analysed the data of 22 patients (24 hips) with LCPD who had greater trochanteric overgrowth (GTO), following a VDRO performed in our institution between 1959 and 1983. GTO was defined as an articular trochanteric distance (ATD) of < 5 mm. We compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent DTT for GTO (ten patients, ten hips) with those who did not (12 patients, 14 hips). Age at presentation was 6.9 years (4 to 10) and 8.0 years (3.2 to 12) respectively. Symptoms associated with the hip and general quality of life were assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS) and the Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaires.

Results

At long-term follow-up of the DTT group, the ATD was 21.7 mm (standard deviation (sd) 9.8) and the centro-trochanteric distance (CTD) was 13.8 mm (sd 8.3). In the control group the ATD was -0.6 mm (sd 7.8) and the CTD was 32.5 mm (sd 10.2). These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean HHS and SF-36 scores were 68.4 (sd 25.0) and 62.0 (sd 27.7) for the DTT group and 73.2 (sd 24.2) and 73.3 (sd 21.5) for the control group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the HHS (p = 0.63) or SF-36 score (p = 0.25). There were four patients who had undergone hip arthroplasty in the DTT group (40%) and one patient (7.1%) in the control group (p = 0.07). The mean age at the time of arthroplasty was 45.3 years (42.1 to 56.5) and 43.6 years respectively. Six patients in the DTT group suffered from moderate to severe osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade 2 or 3) compared with eight patients in the control group (60% versus 57.1%, p = 0.61).

Conclusion

Although DTT improved the radiographic results in the long-term follow-up of patients with GTO following VDRO, there was no clinical benefit seen in the HHS, SF-36 or incidence of osteoarthritis compared with patients who had not undergone DTT. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:987–92.
The effect of stage of HIV disease as determined by CD4 count on clinical outcomes of surgical sepsis in South Africa
Authors: Green S , Kong VY , Laing GL , Bruce JL , Odendaal J , Sartorius B , Clarke DL
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

This paper reviews the impact of the stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease on the outcome of surgical sepsis.

METHODS

All adult emergency general surgical patients (aged >15 years) who fulfilled the criteria for sepsis or septic shock, with a documented surgical source of infection, and who were HIV positive were reviewed.

RESULTS

During the 5-year study period, a total of 675 patients with a documented surgical source of sepsis were managed by our service; 142 (21%) of these were HIV positive. Among the individuals who were HIV positive, the CD4 count was <200 cells/µl in 21 patients and ≥200 cells/µl in 121 patients. There was no difference between these two cohorts in terms of demography or spectrum of surgical conditions. The range of surgical procedures and complications was also similar in both groups. Nevertheless, patients with a CD count of <200 cells/µl had a significantly longer length of hospital stay than those in the cohort with ≥200 cells/µl. For HIV positive patients with a CD4 count of <200 cells/µl, the mortality rate was 66.7% (14/21) while the mortality rate for individuals with HIV and a CD4 count of ≥200 cells/µl was 2.5% (2/121). This difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The clinical presentation and spectrum of surgical sepsis disease in cases with stage 1 and stage 2 HIV is not markedly different. However, in patients with a CD4 count of <200 cells/µl, the length of hospital stay and mortality is significantly higher. Stage of HIV disease must be considered when stratifying patients’ risk for surgery.
Glisson’s capsule cauterisation is associated with increased postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective case–control study
Authors: Basak F , Hasbahceci M , Sisik A , Acar A , Ozel Y , Canbak T , Yucel M , Ezberci F , Bas G
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has three components: parietal, visceral and referred pain felt at the shoulder. Visceral peritoneal injury on the liver (Glisson’s capsule) during cauterisation sometimes occurs as an unavoidable complication of the operation. Its effect on postoperative pain has not been quantified. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between Glisson’s capsule injury and postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

METHODS

The study was a prospective case–control of planned standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy with standardized anaesthesia protocol in patients with benign gallbladder disease. Visual analogue scale (VAS) abdominal pain scores were noted at 2 and 24 hours after the operation. One surgical team performed the operations. Operative videos were recorded and examined later by another team to detect presence of Glisson’s capsule cauterisation. Eighty-one patients were enrolled into the study. After examination of the operative videos, 46 patients with visceral peritoneal injury were included in the study group, and the remaining 35 formed the control group.

RESULTS

VAS pain score at postoperative 2 and 24 hours was significantly higher in the study group than control (P = 0.027 and 0.017, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Glisson’s capsule cauterisation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with increased postoperative pain. Additional efforts are recommended to prevent unintentional cauterisation.
Comparison of prognostic scoring systems in follicular thyroid cancer
Authors: Teo KW , Yuan NK , Tan WB , Parameswaran R
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

Many studies have addressed the accuracy of prognostic scoring systems in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancers as a whole but few have addressed this issue in patients with follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) alone. The aim of this study was to establish the accuracy of the various scoring systems in determining the overall and disease free survival of FTC patients in Singapore.

METHODS

Retrospective review was undertaken of 82 patients with FTC treated at a single tertiary institution between January 2000 and December 2014. Demographic, clinical, pathological and treatment outcomes were analysed. Prognostic scoring systems evaluated for the cohort included TNM (Tumour, Nodes, Metastases), AGES (Age, Grade, Extent, Size), MACIS (Metastases, Age, Completeness of resection, Invasion, Size), AMES (Age, Metastases, Extent, Sex) and EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer). Statistical analysis was performed by plotting Kaplan–Meier survival curves and using the Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS

There were 29 male and 53 female patients with a mean age of 48 years. The mean follow-up duration was 88 months and there were 7 deaths (9%). The ten-year overall survival rate was 90%. Factors predictive of survival on univariate analysis were age, size of tumour, invasiveness, completeness of resection, metastasis, external beam radiotherapy, and risk scores using the AGES and MACIS scoring systems (p<0.05). On multivariate analysis, AGES and MACIS provided the best prognostic information.

CONCLUSIONS

MACIS is the best prognostic scoring system currently available for FTC and it is superior to other scoring systems in term of guiding management. The scoring systems require further development to accommodate variations in clinical practice globally and to improve the prognostic accuracy.
Care workers with migration backgrounds in formal care services in Germany: a multi-level intersectional analysis
Authors: Theobald Hildegard
Published: June 2017

The restructuring of formal care services in Germany was followed by an increase in care workers with migration backgrounds. Based on a survey study in home-based and residential care, this article compares the situation of care workers with and without migration backgrounds. With its own conceptual framework of multi-level intersectional analysis, it examines developments in care organisations embedded in long-term care, professionalisation and migration policies. Most care workers with migration backgrounds had permanent employment and residence permits. Those with skills, in contrast to the unskilled, enjoyed favourable employment conditions, but both these groups faced difficulties in daily residential care work.
Discursividad youtuber: afecto, narrativas y estrategias de socialización en comunidades de Internet
Authors: Sabich María Agustina , Steinberg Lorena
Published: June 2017

En un escenario marcado por la expansión de las tecnologías digitales, la globalización de la cultura y la emergencia de múltiples pantallas, el siguiente artículo se propone analizar ciertas estrategias discursivas del medio YouTube en general y del fenómeno youtuber en particular. Para efectuar dicho análisis, se tomará como principal marco teórico-metodológico la Teoría de los Discursos Sociales de Eliseo Verón (1993 [1988]) –cuya preocupación se inscribe en los procesos sociales de producción de sentido– y algunos aportes conceptuales desarrollados en el campo de la Comunicación y la Cultura. La investigación advierte que los mecanismos enunciativos propios de la discursividad youtuber construyen una estructura narrativa tendiente a la profesionalización, una modalidad de aparición multidireccionada de las subjetividades contemporáneas y una lógica específica de intervención, socialización e interacción en Internet.
Práctica profesional del periodista científico: revisión bibliográfica de las disfunciones derivadas del entorno digital
Authors: González-Pedraz Cristina , Campos-Domínguez Eva
Published: June 2017

Internet ha revolucionado el panorama de la comunicación científica. Los periodistas ya no son los únicos actores en la producción y difusión de información dirigida a un público en general, sino que los propios científicos, aprovechando las herramientas que facilita la web (Brossard, 2013), comunican directamente a la audiencia esquivando a los periodistas como mediadores (Peters et al., 2014). Multitud de estudios han abordado estas materias, aunque toda esta investigación se encuentra dispersa y sin un hilo conductor que sitúe en perspectiva las aportaciones realizadas. Por ello, en el presente artículo se realiza una revisión sistemática de 71 trabajos con la que se describe, por un lado, la situación que vive el periodista científico en el entorno online y cómo este canal ha transformado su práctica profesional y, por otro, el nuevo rol de comunicadores públicos que han adquirido algunos científicos. Finalmente, se establece cómo se encuentran las relaciones entre científicos y periodistas en el proceso de comunicación de la Ciencia en la red. El trabajo pone de manifiesto que científicos y periodistas guardan distancias, tienen diferentes apreciaciones sobre cómo debe articularse la comunicación, y utilizan sus propios medios y sus propios códigos para llegar a la misma audiencia.
La publicidad y el márquetin en la ópera del siglo XXI: creación de marca audiovisual
Authors: Villanueva-Benito Isabel
Published: June 2017

Desde hace una década, la ópera lidera un proceso de actualización social y de atracción de públicos internacionales gracias a la comunicación digital. Para ello, los teatros incorporan una estructura comercial del espectáculo en todas las fases de su creación y replantean las tradicionales relaciones establecidas con las disciplinas de la Publicidad y del Márquetin. En este artículo se analizan las estrategias comerciales, propias de estas disciplinas, que en la actualidad está liderando la ópera para alcanzar su objetivo. Mediante la aplicación de una metodología combinada, centrada en el análisis de contenido, el seguimiento hemerográfico y las entrevistas, se han identificado las principales tipologías de la publicidad audiovisual implementadas por la ópera, con el fin de determinar los formatos de mayor índice de éxito en la segunda mitad del siglo XXI (spots, tráilers, videoclips, branded content, lipdubs o flashmobs). La investigación se ha completado con el estudio de los principales cambios que algunas técnicas del márquetin off line y digital, como el patrocinio, el márquetin viral o las redes sociales, han producido en la imagen social del star system operístico. Un enfoque panorámico de la promoción audiovisual que se hace este arte, puede ayudarle a orientar estrategias futuras más especializadas.
Enamel microabrasion associated with resin infiltration technique: Clinical Report
Authors: Rubin Cocco Alexandra , Chaves Pereira Jean , Pinto Karoline Von Ahn , Lund Rafael Guerra , Martos Josué
Published: June 2017

The generalized presence of stain, particularly on anterior teeth, provides an unaesthetic appearance with a negative impact on the patient. The aim of this paper is to report a case of severe chromatic alterations treated with enamel microabrasion associated with infiltration of low-viscosity resin. The intense brownish pigmentation and white spots of fluorosis lose their whitish appearance and look similar to sound enamel. This association of techniques, which might be an alternative to white-masking of intense pigmentation, showed optimal aesthetic results.
Assessing different patterns of laser welding with Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy for structures applicable to fixed prosthesis
Authors: Martins Jarbas Eduardo , Bastos Neto Fábio V.R. , Duarte Danilo Antônio , Araki Ângela Toshie
Published: June 2017

Among all desired requirements to dental prosthesis, marginal adaptation and passive fit are the most important. In some cases, in order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to cut and weld the teeth / implant-supported framework. Nowadays, the laser welding process shows a great advantage in comparison to other methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal laser welds point that is more appropriate to Ni-Cr prosthetic framework. A total of 60 specimens of Ni-Cr (35 mm x 4 mm) were designed and welded using a Nd:YAG laser device model EV 900. They were fixed in a metal piece 0.27 mm between the ends to be welded. All specimens were welded with 21 laser pulses diametrically opposed (frequency of 1.0Hz, load time 3.0 ms and 0.5 mm of diameter pulse). They were divided into three groups according to the electric current of the laser weld: A – 180A; B – 200A and C – 220A. To determinate the flexural mechanic strength, all specimens were submitted to a three-point bending test. The results obtained were: Group A = 553 Mpa; B = 751 Mpa and C = 802.1 Mpa. The control group was 1040.9 Mpa. ANOVA and Tukey’s test were performed and statistical significance differences were observed between group A and B as well as between group A and C. However, no significant difference was observed between B and C.
Patient satisfaction after orthodontic treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Kawanichi Letícia Yuki , Suga Uhana , Kruly Paula C. , Fujimaki Mitsue , Provenzano Maria , Terada Raquel Sano Suga
Published: June 2017

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature about the factors that drive patients toward satisfaction after orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods: The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42013004528). Four databases as well as the reference lists and citations of the included publications were searched according to PRISMA guidelines, yielding 6.387 titles and abstracts. Two reviewers performed data collection independently and a third reviewer was included, if there was no consensus. Results: Nine surveys (2.742 participants) remained after data extraction and interpretation. A total of 14 findings were abstracted from the reports and were grouped together into 4 topics that were judged to be similar: treatment, aesthetics, function and social well-being. The main findings for adherence based on their calculated frequency effect sizes were: self-perception of esthetics of teeth (44%); harmony of the teeth with other structures of the face (44%); alignment of anterior teeth (33%); greater comfort, absence of pain and improved chewing/ eating (33%); social well-being (33%); treatment was worth it (33%). Conclusion: Despite the few studies and limitations related to the report and data quality, the evidence showed the main factor leading to patient satisfaction was improved aesthetics. Chewing, absence of pain, social wellbeing and the way treatment was conducted were highlighted as reasons for patient satisfaction after orthodontic treatment. KEYWORDS Corrective orthodontics; Patient satisfaction; Systematic review. KeywordsCorrective orthodontics; Patient satisfaction; Systematic review.
Guidelines for conducting split-mouth clinical studies in restorative dentistry
Authors: Zanatta Rayssa Ferreira , Silva Tania Mara da , Esper Maria Angela Lacerda Rangel , Bresciani Eduardo , Caneppele Taciana Marco Ferraz , Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: June 2017

The split-mouth design used in some clinical trials make a randomization scheme on site level where two treatments are randomly assigned to sites of one of the two halves of the mouth. The aim of this review was to summarize guidelines for conducting split-mouth clinical studies in Restorative Dentistry. This is a review performed through scientific articles published between 2004 and 2014 indexed in MEDLINE, PubMed and Scielo databases. The study evaluated USPHS and FDI criteria. The current review showed the main characteristics used in split-mouth studies presented the Restorative Dentistry literature, as ethical aspects, sample calculation, methods of selection and evaluation patients, in order to provide a guideline for clinical conduction. It showed a standard of methodologies to enable comparison among studies.          Keywords: Clinical studies, split-mouth design, dentistry.
The Dynamics of Subcutaneous Tissue Response to Microorganisms Associated with the Extract of Araçá (Psidium cattleianum): An Edemogenic and Microscopic Analysis
Authors: Machado Alessandra Cury , Ruviere Denise Belucio , Novais Renata Zoccal , Bueno Carlos Roberto Emerenciano , Jardim Jr Elerson Gaetti , De Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , Junior Eloi Dezan
Published: June 2017

Objective: To evaluate in vivo tissue reaction to the extract of araçá (Psidium cattleianum) associated with inactivated microorganisms. Material and Methods: A 0.1 mL suspension was used containing Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterococcus faecalis, Peptostreptococcus micros, and Porphyromonas endodontalis, which were inactivated by heat and mixed into a 1.0 mL saline (control group), an aqueous solution, or a hydroalcoholic extract of araçá. Eighteen male rats (Rattus norvegiccus) under general anesthesia received 0.2 mL of 1% intravenous Evans blue. Thirty minutes later, 0.1 mL of one of the associations was injected into the animals’ dorsal region. The animals were euthanized after 3 and 6 hours, and the materials obtained were placed in formamide for 72 hours then analyzed in a spectrophotometer (?=630 hm). For the morphological analysis, 30 rats received polyethylene tubes implants with the extracts or the saline with the associations in the dorsal region and euthanized after 7 and 30 days to be analyzed according to an inflammation cell score. Results: No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the edema among groups. The optical microscopy results showed a repair in the 30-day-period, which was higher when compared to the 7-day-period (p<0.0001). Nevertheless, in the 7-day-period, the hydroalcoholic extract presented a significant response compared to the aqueous extract (p=0.05) and a trend for better results than the control group. Conclusion: The aqueous and hydroalcoholic araçá extracts associated with inactivated microorganisms showed similar responses to control, indicating no interference on the toxic effects of the bacterial components in tissue repair.KeywordsAnaerobic bacteria; Edema; Inflammation; Plant extracts; Psidium.
Resin push-out bonding strength to root canal dentin: effect of the irrigation solution application prior to post cementation
Authors: Michida Silvia , Dal Piva Amanda Maria de Oliveira , Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Souza Rodrigo Othávio Assunção , Lombardo Geraldo , Bottino Marco Antonio , Valandro Luis Felipe
Published: June 2017

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different irrigation solutions prior to post cementation on the resin bonding to bovine root dentine. Material and Methods: 60 bovine roots (16 mm) were prepared to 12 mm with specific drill of a double-tapered fiber post system, included in PMMA, and divided into 6 groups, considering the irrigation solutions (IS) prior to cementation: Gr1- saline solution (control), Gr2- NaOCl 0.5 %, Gr3- NaOCl 1 %, Gr4- NaOCl 2.5 %, Gr5- NaOCl 5 %, Gr6- Chlorexidine 2 % (solution). The root canals were irrigated with IS 20 ml during 10 min. Then they were rinsed with 20 ml of distilled water and dried with paper points. One fiber post was molded with polyvinylsiloxane and 60 posts made of resin cement (PRC) were obtained moments before the cementation. The root canal dentin was etched with H2PO3 37 %/15 s + washing/drying, a multi-bottle etch&rinse adhesive system was applied and the PRC were resin luted with dual resin cement (DuolinkTM, Bisco). Each specimen was cut into 4 slices of ±1.8mm in thickness and submitted to push-out test (1 mm/min). Results: ANOVA showed that bond strength was significantly affected by IS (P<0.0001). The highest bond strengths (MPa) were those for the groups 4 (3.51 ± 1.52) and 5 (3.0 ± 1.16). The groups 1 (0.70 ± 0.30), 2 (0.80 ± 0.24), 3 (1.26 ± 0.57) and 6 (0.90 ± 0.41) were statistically similar to each other. Conclusion: The resin bonding to the root dentine was higher when higher concentrations of hypochlorite solutions were used.KeywordsBond strength; Irrigation solutions; Push-out test; Resin cement; Root canal dentin.
Base Orientadora de la Acción para el desarrollo de prácticas en un Sistema de Laboratorios a Distancia - Basis of Action for the development of practices in a Distance Laboratory System
Authors: Mar -Cornelio Omar , Bron-Fonseca Barbara
Published: June 2017

El desarrollo de  las actividades individuales orientadas en clases, constituye un elemento importante en el Proceso Docente Educativo, ya que permite la aplicación práctica de los elementos teóricos abordados. En la carrera de Automática, se implementan los Sistemas de Laboratorios a Distancias que permiten probar los ejercicios prácticos orientados en clases. Sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones, se evidencian deficiencias en la ejecución realizada por los estudiantes. El presente trabajo describe una solución a la problemática planteada mediante el uso de una estrategia de orientación. La propuesta valida sus resultados con la implementación de un diseño experimental para comparar el índice de deficiencia sobre la ejecución del desarrollo de las actividades donde se toma como población dos grupos de estudiantes del mismo año que reciben la asignatura de Control Automático.
Obstáculos y mejoras de un profesor universitario de ciencia para conseguir una participación argumentativa de sus estudiantes - Obstacles and improvements of a university professor of science to obtain an argumentative participation of its students
Authors: Briceño-Martínez John Jairo
Published: June 2017

Se presentan los resultados de investigación de una estrategia de formación de 12 horas de duración que tuvo como objetivo acompañar a un profesor universitario (AXL) a diseñar y aplicar actividades para favorecer la participación argumentativa de sus estudiantes a través de un proceso que se denominó “supervisión”. Un estudio de caso en el que se indaga en tres observaciones no participantes el efecto que tiene la promoción de la participación argumentativa del docente en los estudiantes. Se concluye que AXL aprende a promocionar débilmente la participación argumentativa en el aula, no obstante, sus estudiantes no lo alcanzan a hacer, pese al esfuerzo del docente, y aunque participan, no lo hacen argumentativamente.
Selección de tecnologías para el tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , García Ubaque César Augusto , Pardo Pinzón Janneth
Published: June 2017

La planificación ambiental hídrica en cuencas hidrográficas debe involucrar diferentes elementos para la descontaminación del cuerpo de agua receptor. Es por ello que para la selección de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales en países en vía de desarrollo se deben considerar, entre otros aspectos, la composición típica del agua residual cruda, la eficiencia de remoción de contaminantes por tipo de tecnología, indicadores de desempeño por tecnología, aspectos ambientales sobre localización y la estrategia espacial para la localización. Este artículo presenta la metodología desarrollada por los autores, construida con base en los aspectos técnicos, económicos y ambientales, como una herramienta para la toma de decisión de inversiones futuras de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales con elementos multidisciplinarios.