bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
American College of Rheumatology hybrid analysis of certolizumab pegol plus methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: Data from a 52‐week phase III trial
Authors: van Vollenhoven R. F. , Felson D. , Strand V. , Weinblatt M. E. , Luijtens K. , Keystone E. C.
Published: August 2010

Objective

The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) hybrid (a modified mean percent response to treatment) was officially recommended by the ACR as a revision to 20%, 50%, and 70% response criteria (ACR20/50/70) scores, but has not been tested in clinical trials. We performed a post hoc analysis of a phase III study of certolizumab pegol (Rheumatoid Arthritis Prevention of Structural Damage 1 [RAPID 1]) using the ACR hybrid.

Methods

Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were randomized to certolizumab pegol (200 mg or 400 mg every other week) plus methotrexate or placebo plus methotrexate. ACR hybrid scores were compared with ACR20/50/70 outcomes.

Results

Differences between active treatment and placebo were significant throughout the study using the ACR20 and ACR hybrid outcomes. In the certolizumab pegol 200 mg group, the median ACR hybrid score at week 52 (last observation carried forward) was 49.99. A total of 258 (65.8%) of 392 and 172 (43.9%) of 392 patients had ACR20 and ACR50 responses, respectively. An additional 55 patients (14.0%) and 59 patients (15.1%) had mean improvements in ACR core measures of ≥20% and ≥50%, respectively, and therefore had positive ACR hybrid scores, despite lacking ACR20 and ACR50 responses, respectively. In the placebo group, median ACR hybrid scores were <10 at most time points; unlike other measures, the ACR hybrid measure indicated worsening scores for many patients.

Conclusion

ACR hybrid analysis had greater sensitivity than traditional ACR20/50/70 criteria, demonstrating improvements in ACR20 nonresponders treated with certolizumab pegol. Negligible benefit was observed with placebo using ACR hybrid analysis.
Capture basin approximation using interval analysis
Authors: Lhommeau M. , Jaulin L. , Hardouin L.
Published: August 2010

This paper proposes a new approach for computing the capture basin C of a target T. The capture basin corresponds to the set of initial state vectors such that the target could be reached in finite time via an appropriate control input, before possibly leaving the target. Whereas classical capture basin characterization does not provide any guarantee on the set of state vectors that belong to the capture basin, interval analysis and guaranteed numerical integration allow us to avoid any indetermination. We present an algorithm that is able to provide guaranteed approximation of the inner C− and the outer C+ of the capture basin, such that C−⊆C⊂C+. In order to illustrate the principle and the efficiency of the approach, a testcase on the ‘car on the hill’ problem is provided. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engineering Homochiral Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis and Enantioselective Separation
Authors: Liu Yan , Xuan Weimin , Cui Yong
Published: August 2010

Owing to the potential applications in technological areas such as gas storage, catalysis, separation, sensing and nonlinear optics, tremendous efforts have been devoted to the development of porous metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) over the past ten years. Homochiral porous MOFs are particularly attractive candidates as heterogeneous asymmetric catalysts and enantioselective adsorbents and separators for production of optically active organic compounds due to the lack of homochiral inorganic porous materials such as zeolites. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress in homochiral MOF materials, including their synthetic strategy, distinctive structural features and latest advances in asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis and enantioselective separation.
Interfacial Rheology Through Microfluidics
Authors: Martin Jeffrey D. , Marhefka Joie N. , Migler Kalman B. , Hudson Steven D.
Published: August 2010

The bulk properties and structural characteristics of emulsions arise substantially from their interfacial rheology, which depends strongly on surfactant mass transfer and its coupling to flow. Typical methods used to measure such properties often employ simpler flows and larger drops than those encountered in typical processing applications. Mass transfer mechanisms are governed by droplet size; therefore experimentation at length scales typical of those encountered in applications is desired. Utilizing a microfluidic approach allows high‐throughput experimentation at relevant length scales and with adjustable flow dynamics. Using a microfluidic device that facilitates the measurement of interfacial tension in two‐phase droplet flows, particle tracers are also used to determine the droplet internal circulation velocity as a measure of interfacial mobility. Combining these measurements in a single device, the coupling between interfacial tension, interfacial retardation, and surfactant mass transfer is explored and mass transfer coefficients and interfacial mobility are measured for a two‐phase system containing a diffusing surfactant. Such a device is also used to probe the deformability of elastic capsules and viscoelastic biological cells.
Craniosynostosis in pycnodysostosis: Broadening the spectrum of the cranial flat bone abnormalities
Authors: Bertola Débora , Amaral Cassio , Kim Chong , Albano Lilian , Aguena Meire , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita
Published: September 2010

Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by the absence of active cathepsin K, which is a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays a role in degrading the organic matrix of bones, acting in bone resorption and bone remodeling. The disease is primarily characterized by osteosclerosis, bone fragility, short stature, acro‐osteolysis, and delayed closure of the cranial sutures. A differing feature, cranial synostosis, has occasionally been described in this disorder. We reviewed six unrelated patients with pycnodysostosis (mean age of 10 years and 4 months) in order to evaluate the presence of craniosynostosis. In addition to the typical findings of the condition, they all presented premature fusion of the coronal suture. Although none of them showed signs of cranial hypertension, one patient had had the craniosynostosis surgically corrected previously. These data suggest that the cranial sutures in pycnodysostosis can display contradictory features: wide cranial sutures, which are commonly described, and craniosynostosis. The clinical impact of this latter finding still remains to be elucidated. Further studies are necessary to address more precisely the role of cathepsin K in suture patency. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Further characterization of microdeletion syndrome involving 2p15‐p16.1
Authors: Félix Têmis Maria , Petrin Aline Lourenço , Sanseverino Maria Teresa Vieira , Murray Jeffrey C.
Published: August 2010

We report on a patient presenting with cognitive delay, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, microcephaly, ptosis of eyelids, high and broad nasal root, and camptodactyly. Analysis of a dense whole genome single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array showed a de novo 3.35 Mb deletion on 2p15‐p16.1. In order to study the parental origin of the deletion we analyzed selected SNPs in the deleted area in the proband and her parents showing Mendelian incompatibilities suggesting a de novo deletion on the chromosome of paternal origin. Based on the five cases described previously in the literature, we have narrowed the critical region responsible for the 2p15‐p16.1 microdeletion syndrome phenotype. The critical region does not include the VRK2 gene that had been speculated to have a role in cortical dysplasia. However, the association of the VRK2 gene with cortical dysplasia remains to be determined, as MRI imaging of the brain and gene content of the 2p15‐16 deletion becomes established in more patients. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for a recurrent microdeletion at chromosome 16p11.2 associated with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Sampson Matthew G. , Coughlin Curtis R. , Kaplan Paige , Conlin Laura K. , Meyers Kevin E.C. , Zackai Elaine H. , Spinner Nancy B. , Copelovitch Lawrence
Published: August 2010

Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract can be associated with Hirschsprung disease. We report on three children with a similar 16p11.2 microdeletion with a spectrum of clinical anomalies consisting of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in two patients (Patients 1 and 2) and Hirschsprung disease in two patients (Patients 1 and 3), leading us to hypothesize that a gene in this region is associated with these phenotypes. Patient 1 presented with left renal agenesis, grade‐IV vesicoureteral reflux, and Hirschsprung disease, Patient 2 with left renal agenesis, chronic kidney disease, chronic constipation, seizures, and developmental delay, and Patient 3 with Hirschsprung disease and normal kidneys. Genome‐wide microarray analysis demonstrated overlapping microdeletions within 16p11.2. The shortest region of overlap in the three patients contained only eight genes, including the SH2 domain‐containing binding protein 1 (SH2B1), an adaptor protein which has been implicated in enhancement of the tyrosine kinase activity of RET, whose role in developmental disease of the kidney and enteric enervation is well established. Our findings suggest that 16p11.2 deletions are associated with abnormalities of renal and enteric development and we hypothesize that deletion of SH2B1 may account for the observed phenotype. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atypical presentations and specific genotypes are associated with a delay in diagnosis in females with Rett syndrome
Authors: Fehr Stephanie , Downs Jenny , Bebbington Ami , Leonard Helen
Published: September 2010

There is often delay between onset of Rett syndrome symptoms and its diagnosis, possibly related to symptom presentation or socio‐demographic factors. We hypothesized that girls with an atypical presentation or whose family had a lower socio‐economic status would receive a later diagnosis. Female subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of Rett syndrome were sourced from the Australian Rett Syndrome and InterRett Databases. Variables analyzed included timing and development of symptoms;MECP2mutation type; parental occupation and education; maternal age and birth order. Residential location and socio‐economic status were also analyzed for the Australian cases. Linear regression was used to determine relationships between these factors and age at diagnosis. A total of 909 cases were included. An older age of diagnosis was associated with later loss of hand function and speech, later onset of hand stereotypies and the presence of the p.R133C or p.R294XMECP2mutation. Socio‐economic factors did not predict age of diagnosis for Australian families. For families participating in the InterRett database, a younger age of diagnosis was associated with higher levels of parental education or occupation. A clinical picture consistent with the classic presentation of Rett syndrome is associated with an earlier diagnosis. Clinicians need to be alerted to the variable presentation of Rett syndrome including the milder phenotypes of cases with the p.R133C or p.R294X mutation. Educational resources to assist this understanding including guidance on when to request genetic testing could be useful to streamline the process of diagnosis in Rett syndrome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, characterization and anti‐microbial studies of cadmium(II) compounds containing 3,10‐C‐meso‐Me8[14]aneC. Crystal and molecular structure of cis‐[CdLC(NO3)](NO3)
Authors: Roy Tapashi G. , Hazari Saroj K. S. , Barua Kanak K. , Anwar Nurul , Zukerman‐Schpector Julio , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: August 2010

One isomeric ligand, LC, among three isomers of 3,10‐C‐meso‐3,5,7,7,10,12,14,14‐octamethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotet‐radecanes (LA, LB and LC, differing in the orientation of methyl groups on the chiral carbon atoms), on reaction with Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2 and CdI2 produces octahedral cis‐mononitrato nitrate, trans‐dichloro and trans‐diiodo cadmium(II) compounds of formulae cis‐[CdLC(NO3)](NO3), trans‐[CdLCCl2] and trans‐[CdLCI2], respectively. The cis octahedral compound undergoes substitution reactions with KSCN, NaClO4 and KBr to form the trans‐substitution products, trans‐[CdLC(NCS)2], trans‐[CdLC(ClO4)2] and trans‐[CdLCBr2], respectively, whereby the bidentate NO3− ligand is replaced by two monodentate ligands that occupy axial positions. All compounds were characterized on the basis of analytical, spectroscopic, conductometric and magnetochemical data. The crystal structure of cis‐CdLC(NO3)](NO3) was determined by X‐ray crystallography and showed the cadmium centre to exist within a cis‐N4O2 donor set that defined a distorted octahedral geometry. Non‐systematic variations in the CdO and CdN bond distances were correlated with significant hydrogen bonding interactions operating in the crystal structure. The latter interactions led to the formation of supramolecular two‐dimensional arrays. The anti‐fungal and anti‐bacterial activities of these compounds were studied against some phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Coordination of LC by cadmium resulted in more effective anti‐microbial agents; no significant dependence upon the nature of the counter‐ion was detected. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antituberculosis, antifungal and thermal activity of mixed ligand transition metal complexes
Authors: Kharadi G. J. , Patel J. R. , Dholakiya B. Z.
Published: August 2010

Mixed‐ligand complexes of the type [M(CQ)(Ph)(OH)(H2O)], where M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Mn(II), have been investigated. Furthermore, there has been some additional work investigating the effect of metal ions on biological activity. Aiming to obtain novel transition metal complexes that exhibit biological activity, we have synthesized mixed ligand complexes using clioquinol (5‐chloro‐7‐iodo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline) and 1,10‐phenanthroline as ligands. The compounds were characterized using IR, FAB mass spectroscopy, elemental analyses, electronic spectra, magnetic measurements and gravimetric analyses. The kinetic parameters such as order of reaction, the energy of activation, the pre‐exponential factor, activation entropy, activation enthalpy and free energy of activation have been reported. The complexes show antituberculosis and antifungal (minimal inhibitory concentration) activities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic inhibition effect of polyethylene glycol–polyvinyl pyrrolidone blends for mild steel corrosion in sulphuric acid medium
Authors: Umoren Saviour A.
Published: August 2010

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulphuric acid solution in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and their blends was investigated using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques at temperature range of 30–60°C. It was found that inhibition efficiency (η%) increases with increase in concentration of the homopolymers and decreases with increase in temperature. Inhibition efficiency was found to be synergistically enhanced on blending the two polymers with highest inhibition efficiency obtained for (PEG : PVP) blending ratio of 1 : 3. The experimental data obtained fitted well into Temkin adsorption isotherm model. Physical adsorption mechanism is proposed from the trend of inhibition efficiency with temperature. The proposed mechanism is also corroborated by kinetic and thermodynamic parameters obtained. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effect of irradiation on mechanical and structural properties of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers hollow fibers
Authors: Khodkar F. , Ebrahimi N. Golshan
Published: August 2010

Effect of irradiation on mechanical and structural properties of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) hollow fibers was studied by the tests such as determination of gel content, density, tensile, FTIR, SEM, and DMA. These effects were discussed based on dose and irradiation environment. The results of gel content depicted that irradiated EVA in ambient conditions had tendency to chain scission while the crosslinking overcame in irradiated samples under nitrogen. Density insignificantly enhanced with irradiation dose. In tensile test, irradiation induced increase in tensile strength and decrease in elongation at break (especially in samples irradiated in nitrogen). Also, changing in layer orientation could be observed by SEM images. In addition, irradiation caused altering peak intensity in FTIR spectrum. DMA results demonstrated that irradiation broaden the elastic zone. Totally, irradiation enhances features especially in irradiated EVA18 in nitrogen. Since, according to stabilization of induced deformation and improvement of mechanical properties (that created by radiation), the irradiated samples can be used in different applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Investigation on isothermal crystallization, melting behaviors, and spherulitic morphologies of multiblock copolymers containing poly(butylene succinate) and poly(1,2‐propylene succinate)
Authors: Zheng Liuchun , Li Chuncheng , Guan Guohu , Zhang Dong , Xiao Yaonan , Wang Dujin
Published: August 2010

In this article, isothermal crystallization, melting behaviors, and spherulitic morphologies of high‐impact multiblock copolymers, comprising of PBS as hard segment and poly(1,2‐propylene succinate) (PPSu) as soft segment with hexamethylene diisocyanate as a chain extender, were investigated. The results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) suggest that the two segments of multiblock copolymers are miscible in amorphous region. The crystallization kinetics were analyzed by the Avrami equation. The effect of PBS segment length as well as the introduction of PPSu segment on the crystallization kinetics and melting bebaviors of block copolymers was studied. Both crystallization rate (G) and spherulitic growth rate (g) are markedly increased with the increase of PBS segment length or decreased with the incorporation of PPSu segment. All the multiblock copolymers show the multiple melting behaviors, whose position and area depend on PBS segment length and the presence of PPSu segment. The melting peaks shift to higher temperature region with increasing PBS segment length. Spherulitic morphologies of the multiblock copolymers after being isothermally crystallized were examined by polarized optical microscopy. It is the first time to investigate the effect of one segment length on crystallization bebavior of block copolymers based on a fixed weight ratio systematically. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Segmented poly(urethane‐urea) elastomers based on polycaprolactone: Structure and properties
Authors: May‐Hernández L. , Hernández‐Sánchez F. , Gomez‐Ribelles J. L. , Sabater‐i Serra R.
Published: August 2010

A series of segmented poly(urethane‐urea) polymers have been synthesized varying the hard segments content, based on the combination of polycaprolactone diol and aliphatic diisocyanate (Bis(4‐isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane), using diamine (1,4‐Butylenediamine) as the chain extender. The microstructure and properties of the material highly depend on the hard segments content (from 14 to 40%). These PUUs with hard segment content above 23% have elastomeric behaviors that allow high recoverable deformation. The chemical structure and hydrogen bonding interactions were studied using FTIR and atomic force microscopy, which revealed phase separation that was also confirmed by DSC, dynamic‐mechanical, and dielectric spectroscopy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The effect of silica nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes on the toughness of a thermosetting epoxy polymer
Authors: Hsieh T. H. , Kinloch A. J. , Taylor A. C. , Sprenger S.
Published: August 2010

Silica nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been incorporated into an anhydride‐cured epoxy resin to form “hybrid” nanocomposites. A good dispersion of the silica nanoparticles was found to occur, even at relatively high concentrations of the nanoparticles. However, in contrast, the MWCNTs were not so well dispersed but relatively agglomerated. The glass transition temperature of the epoxy polymer was 145°C and was not significantly affected by the addition of the silica nanoparticles or the MWCNTs. The Young's modulus was increased by the addition of the silica nanoparticles, but the addition of up to 0.18 wt % MWCNTs had no further significant effect. The addition of both MWCNTs and silica nanoparticles led to a significant improvement in the fracture toughness of these polymeric nanocomposites. For example, the fracture toughness was increased from 0.69 MPam1/2 for the unmodified epoxy polymer to 1.03 MPam1/2 for the hybrid nanocomposite containing both 0.18 wt % MWCNTs and 6.0 wt % silica nanoparticles; the fracture energy was also increased from 133 to 204 J/m2. The mechanisms responsible for the enhancements in the measured toughness were identified by observing the fracture surfaces using field‐emission gun scanning electron microscopy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Perception of a cetacean mass stranding in Italy: the emergence of compassion
Authors: Bearzi Giovanni , Pierantonio Nino , Bonizzoni Silvia , Notarbartolo di Sciara Giuseppe , Demma Massimo
Published: August 2010

The view that whales are malicious monsters has been pervasive throughout history. Conversely, the idea that these animals experience suffering has emerged only recently. One way of investigating perceptual, as well as behavioural, shifts is assessing general public reactions to mortality events involving wild, rare and charismatic animals.

Here, the responses of 118 individuals to questions regarding the mass stranding of seven sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) along the Adriatic Sea coast of Italy in December 2009 are reported through interviews taken at the stranding site and in the direct proximity of the dead animals.

When asked why the whales were stranded, 44.1% of the respondents suggested anthropogenic causes and 21.2% non‐anthropogenic. The remaining 34.7% mentioned a generic ‘disorientation’ or stated they did not know. When asked how they felt about the whales, 68.6% expressed feelings of compassion or care towards the animals. Clearly non‐compassionate attitudes accounted for only 4.1% of the sample. Finally, 21.2% expressed feelings that were ambiguous in terms of being suggestive of compassionate or non‐compassionate attitudes, including 11.9% amazement, 4.2% deprecation and 5.1% powerlessness.

These results are in stark contrast with information obtained from accounts of similar events that have occurred in historical times, up until the first half of the 20th century. For centuries, responses to cetacean live strandings—typically including killing and harming of the animals—were either utilitarian or characterized by feelings including fear and a desire to ‘subjugate the beast’, with no apparent concern for their suffering and death.

It is concluded that attitudes towards whales—today strikingly revolving around sadness, compassion and a sense of loss—have changed dramatically over time, with a steep turnaround in the 1970/1980s. Full appreciation of the ongoing evolution in public perception can channel marine conservation efforts and assist in the design of response strategies to marine mammal strandings. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Requirements and use of in‐service information in an engineering redesign task: Case studies from the aerospace industry
Authors: Jagtap Santosh , Johnson Aylmer
Published: September 2010

This article describes the research stimulated by a fundamental shift that is occurring in the manufacture and marketing of aero engines for commercial and defense purposes, away from the selling of products to the provision of services. This research was undertaken in an aerospace company, which designs and manufactures aero engines and also offers contracts, under which it remains responsible for the maintenance of engines. These contracts allow the company to collect far more data about the in‐service performance of their engines than was previously available. This article aims at identifying what parts of this in‐service information are required when components or systems of existing engines need to be redesigned because they have not performed as expected in service. In addition, this article aims at understanding how designers use this in‐service information in a redesign task. In an attempt to address these aims, we analyzed five case studies involving redesign of components or systems of an existing engine. The findings show that the in‐service information accessed by the designers mainly contains the undesired physical actions (e.g., deterioration mechanisms, deterioration effects, etc.) and the causal chains of these undesired physical actions. We identified a pattern in the designers' actions regarding the use of these causal chains. The designers have generated several solutions that utilize these causal chains seen in the in‐service information. The findings provide a sound basis for developing tools and methods to support designers in effectively satisfying their in‐service information requirements in a redesign task.
A new C‐peptide correction model used to assess bioavailability of regular human insulin
Authors: Marino M. T. , Cassidy J. P. , Baughman R. A. , Boss A. H. , Richardson P. C.
Published: September 2010

The clinical assessment of new formulations of human insulin is problematic due to the inability to distinguish between endogenous insulin and exogenously administered insulin. The usual methods to surmount the problem of distinguishing between endogenous and exogenous human insulin include evaluation in subjects with no or little endogenous insulin, hyper‐insulinemic clamp studies or the administration of somatostatin to suppress endogenous insulin secretion. All of these methods have significant drawbacks. This paper describes a method for C‐Peptide correction based upon a mixed effects linear regression of multiple time point sampling of C‐Peptide and insulin. This model was able to describe each individual's insulin to C‐Peptide relationship using the data from four different phase I clinical trials involving both subjects with and without type 2 diabetes in which insulin and C‐Peptide were measured. These studies used hyper‐insulinemic euglycemic clamps or meal challenges and subjects received insulin or Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1). It was possible to determine the exogenously administered insulin concentration from the measured total insulin concentration. A simple statistical technique can be used to determine each individual's insulin to C‐Peptide relationship to estimate exogenous and endogenous insulin following the administration of regular human insulin. This technique will simplify the assessment of new formulations of human insulin. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intraoperative ultrasonographic detection of communicating veins between adjacent hepatic veins during hepatectomy for tumours at the hepatocaval confluence
Authors: Torzilli G , Garancini M , Donadon M , Cimino M , Procopio F , Montorsi M
Published: August 2010

Background

The presence of communicating veins between adjacent hepatic veins may allow parenchyma-sparing hepatectomy. Taking advantage of improvements in ultrasound technology, such as e-flow modality, a study of the presence of communicating veins was conducted in patients with hepatic tumours at the caval confluence.

Methods

Consecutive patients undergoing surgery between October 2007 and December 2009 for hepatic tumours in contact with or invading a hepatic vein at its caval confluence were included. Communicating vein mapping by means of e-flow intraoperative ultrasonography (EF-IOUS) was carried out.

Results

A total of 20 patients were enrolled. Communicating veins between adjacent hepatic veins or with the inferior vena cava were detected in 16 patients. The median number of communicating veins was 1 (range 0–5). The total number of lesions removed was 126 (range 1–46). In 11 of 12 patients requiring resection of a hepatic vein, communicating veins enabled a parenchyma-sparing procedure to be performed. No patient had a formal major hepatectomy. There was no postoperative mortality or major morbidity.

Conclusion

EF-IOUS estimation of the frequency of communicating veins between adjacent hepatic veins suggests that such veins are common. This may facilitate parenchyma-sparing procedures in patients with hepatic tumours encroaching on major hepatic veins.
Randomized clinical trial comparing inflammatory and angiogenic response after open versus laparoscopic curative resection for colonic cancer
Authors: Pascual M , Alonso S , Parés D , Courtier R , Gil M J , Grande L , Pera M
Published: August 2010

Background

Several studies have suggested that laparoscopy might confer an oncological advantage in patients undergoing surgery for colonic cancer. A decreased inflammatory and angiogenic response has been proposed. This study compared the local and systemic inflammatory and angiogenic responses after open and laparoscopic surgery for colonic cancer.

Methods

Some 122 patients with colonic cancer were randomized to open or laparoscopic colectomy. Levels of interleukin (IL) 6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured in serum and peritoneal fluid at baseline, then at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h and on day 4 after surgery. Samples obtained on day 4 were tested in an in vitro angiogenesis assay, with measurement of number of capillaries per field and capillary length.

Results

The serum IL-6 level was lower in the laparoscopic group at 4 h (mean(s.d.) 124(110) versus 244(326) pg/dl after open colectomy; P = 0·027). The serum VEGF concentration was also lower in the laparoscopic group at 48 h and day 4 (430(435) versus 650(686) pg/dl; P = 0·001). Overall, local IL-6 and VEGF levels were significantly higher than serum levels but there were no differences between groups. In vitro, postoperative serum and peritoneal fluid samples were potently angiogenic but there were no differences between open surgery and laparoscopy. Rates of tumour recurrence and survival were similar in the two groups.

Conclusion

Despite differences in postoperative serum levels of IL-6 and VEGF after open and laparoscopic surgery in patients with colonic cancer, the angiogenic response is comparable in both surgical approaches. Registration number: ISRCTN55624793 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
Managing contact in Scotland for children in non‐permanent out‐of‐home placement
Authors: Sen Robin
Published: August 2010

There has been little research on social workers' views and experiences of managing contact for children in public care, and none focused in Scotland, where different institutional and legal features provide contrast with the rest of the UK. This study explored the views of 19 social work practitioners and managers and three Reporters to the Children's Hearing system regarding the management of contact for children in non‐permanent placements, using semi‐structured interviews and a focus group. The paper focuses on the themes of the supervision and assessment of contact, risks associated with contact and contact via ICT—e‐mail and the internet. It suggests improvements in assessing contact are needed and concludes that while there are strengths in practitioners' current awareness of risks, a risk‐based conception of contact, as exemplified by most respondents' views about the use of new technology, is in tension with the thrust of current legislation; conceptions of contact need to be flexible enough to embrace the variety of purposes contact might serve. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sexithiophene Encapsulated in a Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube: An In Situ Raman Spectroelectrochemical Study of a Peapod Structure
Authors: Kalbáč Martin , Kavan Ladislav , Gorantla Sandeep , Gemming Thomas , Dunsch Lothar
Published: August 2010

The interaction of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and α‐sexithiophene (6T) was studied by Raman spectroscopy and by in situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry. The encapsulation of 6T in SWCNT and its interaction causes a bleaching of its photoluminescence, and also small shifts of its Raman bands. The Raman features of the SWCNT with embedded 6T (6T‐peapods) change in both intensity and frequency compared to those of pristine SWCNT, which is a consequence of a change of the resonant condition. Electrochemical doping demonstrated that the electrode potential applied to the SWCNT wall causes changes in the embedded 6T. The effects of electrochemical charging on the Raman features of pristine SWCNT and 6T@SWCNT were compared. It is shown that the interaction of SWCNT with 6T also changes the electronic structure of SWCNT in its charged state. This change of electronic structure is demonstrated both for semiconducting and metallic tubes.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted 4,5‐Diaminopyrazoles in the Reaction with Chalcones and Acetylarenes.
Authors: ORLOV V. D. , KOLOS N. N. , KIROGA KH. , KALUSKI Z. , FIGAS E. , POTEKHIN K. A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microstructure and Electrical Characteristics of Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Films.
Authors: HIGUCHI M. , SAWADA M. , KURONUMA Y.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Electronic Structure of (Y9C4O)I8
Authors: MEYER H.‐J.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Praseodymium on Superconductivity and Magnetism in Y1‐ xPrxBa2Cu4O8 Prepared by Nitrite Pyrolysis Method.
Authors: MEEN T.‐H. , CHEN Y.‐C. , LIAW K.‐W. , YANG H.‐D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Technology of Chromium Oxide Passivation on Stainless Steel Surface.
Authors: OHMI T. , OHKI A. , NAKAMURA M. , KAWADA K. , WATANABE T. , NAKAGAWA Y. , MIYOSHI S. , TAKAHASHI S. , CHEN M. S. K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Ammonium Hexathiodiphosphate(IV): Characterization of the Dihydrogeno‐Hexathiodiphosphate Anion H2P2S2‐ 6.
Authors: PEREZ H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Spectra of Organogermanium Compounds. Part 12. 73Ge and 13C NMR Spectra and Molecular Mechanics Calculations of 3‐Germabicyclo(3.1.0) hexanes and Related Compounds.
Authors: TAKEUCHI Y. , ZICMANE I. , MANUEL G. , BOUKHERROUB R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclo(3.2.2)non‐1‐ene: Matrix Isolation and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Moderately Strained Bridgehead Olefin.
Authors: GUDIPATI M. S. , RADZISZEWSKI J. G. , KASZYNSKI P. , MICHL J.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enzyme‐Based Synthesis of (S)‐(‐)‐3‐Methyl‐2‐((phenylsulfonyl) methyl)butyl Phenyl Sulfide and the Stereochemical Course of Its Alkylation.
Authors: GUEVEL R. , PAQUETTE L. A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Resolution of Butanoic Esters of 1‐Phenylmethyl‐ and 1‐(2‐ Phenylethyl) Ethers of 3‐Chloro‐1,2‐propanediol.
Authors: PARTALI V. , WAAGEN V. , ALVIK T. , ANTHONSEN T.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate Modification to Increase the Enantioselectivity of Hydrolases. A Route to Optically‐Active Cyclic Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: GUPTA A. K. , KAZLAUSKAS R. J.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme‐Assisted Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure δ‐Lactones.
Authors: HAASE B. , SCHNEIDER M. P.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Double‐Trapping of Triplet Biradicals in the Cleavage of Spiropyrans and Spirooxazines.
Authors: CAMPREDON M. , SAMAT A. , GUGLIEMETTI R. , ALBERTI A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Easy and General Method for the Preparation of m‐ and p‐Acylbenzoic Acids: A New Synthesis of rac‐Suprofen.
Authors: CAMPS P. , GIMENEZ S. , FARRES X. , MAULEON D. , CARGANICO G.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Hydrazinobenzoquinolines with 1,3‐Diketones: A Structural Reinvestigation.
Authors: SINGH S. P. , KAPOOR J. K. , KUMAR D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Optically Active sec,sec‐1,2‐Diols by Dioxiranes. A Practical Method for the Synthesis of Homochiral α‐ Hydroxy Ketones in High Optical Purity.
Authors: D'ACCOLTI L. , DETOMASO A. , FUSCO C. , ROSA A. , CURCI R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Halides as Precursors of Electrogenerated Bases. Utilization in Coupling Reactions of Acetonitrile with Various Electrophilic Compounds.
Authors: BARHDADI R. , GAL J. , HEINTZ M. , TROUPEL M. , PERICHON J.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simultaneous Control of Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity in the Reaction of Pentadienyltin by the Lewis Acid‐Coordination to Its Ethereal Functionality.
Authors: NISHIGAICHI Y. , FUJIMOTO M. , NAKAYAMA K. , TAKUWA A. , HAMADA K. , FUJIWARA T.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Homologation Reaction of γ‐Silicon Substituted Allylic Alcohols Using Organoaluminum Reagents and Diiodomethane.
Authors: UKAJI Y. , INOMATA K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aliphatic Amino Azides as Key Building Blocks for Efficient Polyamine Syntheses.
Authors: CARBONI B. , BENALIL A. , VAULTIER M.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Single Electron Transfer Induced Elemental Steps in the Transformation of Iodomalonic Esters and Related CH‐Acids Under Solid‐Liquid PTC Conditions. Preparation of Electrophilic Cyclopropanes.
Authors: TOEKE L. , HELL Z. , SZABO G. T. , TOTH G. , BIHARI M. , ROCKENBAUER A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4,4′‐Bis(vinylthio)diphenyl Bridge Compounds.
Authors: NESTEROV V. V. , TARASOV A. V. , AFONIN A. V. , MOSKVICHEV YU. A. , AMOSOVA S. V.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiopure Enynyl Sulfoxides via Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions.
Authors: PALEY R. S. , LAFONTAINE J. A. , VENTURA M. P.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Triarylmethyl Derivatives: “Blocking Groups” for Rotaxanes and Polyrotaxanes.
Authors: GIBSON H. W. , LEE S.‐H. , ENGEN P. T. , LECAVALIER P. , SZE J. , SHEN Y. X. , BHEDA M.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Application of Imidazole Derivatives. Introduction of Carbogene Substituents into the 5‐Position of 1‐Methyl‐1H‐imidazole.
Authors: OHTA S. , YAMAMOTO T. , KAWASAKI I. , YAMASHITA M. , KATSUMA H. , NASAKO R. , KOBAYASHI K. , OGAWA K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Amino‐3‐furazancarbohydroximoyl Halides.
Authors: ANDRIANOV V. G. , SEMENIKHINA V. G. , EREMEEV A. V.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isovanillyl Sweeteners. Synthesis and Sweet Taste of Sulfur Heterocycles.
Authors: ARNOLDI A. , BASSOLI A. , MERLINI L. , RAGG E.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclazines and Their Analogues. Part 2. Diformyl‐Substituted Thiazolopyrimidopyrimidines.
Authors: MIKITENKO E. K. , ROMANOV N. N.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Construction of Vicinal Diamines. Part 2. Synthesis of Indenopyrazines.
Authors: ORLEK B. S. , LIGHTOWLER D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.