bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Putting psychology to the test: Rethinking model evaluation through benchmarking and prediction
Authors: Rocca Roberta , Yarkoni Tal
Published: November 2020

Consensus on standards for evaluating models and theories is an integral part of every science. Nonetheless, in psychology, relatively little focus has been placed on defining reliable communal metrics to assess model performance. Evaluation practices are often idiosyncratic, and are affected by a number of shortcomings (e.g., failure to assess models' ability to generalize to unseen data) that make it difficult to discriminate between good and bad models. Drawing inspiration from fields like machine learning and statistical genetics, we argue in favor of introducing common benchmarks as a means of overcoming the lack of reliable model evaluation criteria currently observed in psychology. We discuss a number of principles benchmarks should satisfy to achieve maximal utility; identify concrete steps the community could take to promote the development of such benchmarks; and address a number of potential pitfalls and concerns that may arise in the course of implementation. We argue that reaching consensus on common evaluation benchmarks will foster cumulative progress in psychology, and encourage researchers to place heavier emphasis on the practical utility of scientific models.
The Contribution of Educational Aspects in Entrepreneurship Development
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University, Mgunda Moses Isdory
Published: November 2020

Education is contemplating as essential in the creation of entrepreneurs. Among many disciplines, entrepreneurship education is essential for development; this facilitates increasing entrepreneurial interest through inculcation of competencies, skills, and the provision of knowledge that enables individuals to become entrepreneurs. Despite the global interest in entrepreneurship education and training, many country's efforts have not been carefully evaluated, and the world's knowledge of these programs is not adequate. Educational institutions play a significant role in building entrepreneurial capacity by offering quality entrepreneurship education to individuals. This study discusses how educational aspects contribute to entrepreneurship development. Empirical literature reviews reveal that the educational aspect is critical in entrepreneurship development and is vital in contributing to economic development through innovation, prosperity, and employment. Keywords: Development, Education Institutions, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship education, Entrepreneurs.
Effect of Government Policies on the Growth of Micro-Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Garba Adamu
Published: November 2020

This study examined the effect of government policies on the Growth of Micro-Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. The study focused on owners of Micro-enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State. The study specifically examined the effect of government taxation, licensing, training, and capital financing policies on the growth of micro-enterprises in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State. The survey design was adopted for the study and questionnaire was used for data collection. The population consists of 117 selected owners of micro-enterprises in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria and a census sampling was adopted for the study. Simple percentages, mean ad standard deviation were used for data presentation and analysis while regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that taxation, licensing, training and capital financing all have a positive significant effect on the growth of micro-enterprises in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State. The study concludes that government policies significantly affect the growth of micro-enterprises in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State of Nigeria. Recommendations were made among others that the Benue State government should develop a system for tax payment so as to enhance efficiency in tax collection and payment. Keywords: Government, Growth, SMEs, Policies, Benue, Nigeria.
The Importance of Internal Audit in Preserving the Company’s Tangible Assets between Dominion Diamond Corporation and Bank of Montreal
Authors:   Management Department, Accounting Program, Community College, Jazan University, KSA., Almanqari Mohammed Ali
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to examine the importance, or the role played by the aspect of internal auditing in preserving the tangible assets of a corporation. It also compares and contrasts the role played by internal auditing in preserving the tangible assets of Dominion Diamond Corporation and Bank of Montreal. In addition, it will evaluate the objectives of internal auditing and its overall importance in an organization. Keywords: Internal Audit, Internal Auditing Objectives Tangible Assets, Preserving Tangible Assets, Dominion Diamond Corporation, Bank of Montreal.
Role of Microbiome in Stomach Cancer Development
Authors:   Scientific and Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of the Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Vasyutin A.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Tonkikh Yu.L. ,   Scientific and Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of the Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Tsukanov V.V. ,   Scientific and Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of the Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Objective of the Review: to analyse new information on the role of microbiome in stomach cancer development. Key Points. Study of microbiome in stomach cancer patients is one of the actively developing areas of modern medicine. Study results are very ambiguous and sisputable. Sequencing of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid made it possible to study microorganisms that colonise the stomach, which could not be studied with other methods. It allowed identifying a number of gastric bacteria and study their role in pathology. Conclusion. Most likely there will appear new information confirming the role of dysbiosis in gastric carcinogenesis. Keywords: microbiome, dysbiosis, stomach cancer, gastritis, Helicobacter pylori.
Contemporary Perspective of Comorbidity in Celiac Syndrome: Connection Between Morphological Changes in Duodenum Mucosa and Biliary Dysfunction
Authors:   I.I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Oreshko L.S. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Tshovrebova Z.M. ,   I.I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bakulin I.G. ,   I.I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Safoev M.I. ,   St. Petersburg Scientific and Research Institute of Ambulance named after I.I. Dzhanelidze; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Semenova E.A. ,   I.I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Study Objective: to identify the key clinical and diagnostic markers of comorbidity presenting the risk of biliary pathology in celiac syndrome patients. Study Design: screening observation. Materials and Methods. The study included 133 patients with confirmed celiac syndrome and biliary dysfunction. Subjective clinical symptoms were analysed on the basis of reviews and questionnaires, while objective clinical symptoms were assessed following physical examination. When clinical symptoms were characterised, presence of subjective clinical criteria of functional disorders of gall bladder (GB) and Oddi’s sphincter were assessed. Study Results. Specific markers of biliary dysfunction in patients with celiac syndrome were identified. Following IV Rome criteria (2016), it was determined that subjective symptoms in some patients were signs of biliary indigestion syndrome: aches in right hypochondrium (45.1%), bitter taste in mouth (36.1%), nausea (36.1%). Subject had ultrasound signs on GB pathologies: bends in GB body (31.6%), GB neck (35.3%) and both (33.1%). Celiac syndrome patients had significant correlation between duodenitis severity and morphological characteristic of the major duodenal papilla. Major duodenal papilla inflammation is associated with lymphocytoplasmocytic (44.4%) and leucocytal infiltration (22.6%), dystrophic charges in glandular epithelium, gland hyperplasia (62.9%) (χ2(3) = 48.53; р < 0.001; С = 0.75), demonstrating impact on bile passage. A higher risk of biliary sludge in gall bladder in patients with celiac syndrome is due to GB abnormalities and signs of inflammation and atrophy in major duodenal papilla mucosa and its relation to major duodenal papilla. Conclusion. Our analysis demonstrated that comorbidity in patients with celiac syndrome is associated with biliary dysfunction syndrome. Biliary dysfunction markers are congenital abnormalities in GB structure, that are a result of GB deformation and dyscholia; marked chronic inflammation of major duodenal papilla and duodenum mucosa; stage 3 atrophic changes in duodenum mucosa, according M.N. Marsh. Keywords: celiac syndrome, biliary dysfunction, gall bladder abnormalities, comorbid pathology.
Resected Intestine Syndrome: Term Defining the Strategy for Nutritional Deficiency Management
Authors:   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Centre of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Khatkov I.E. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuzmina T.N. ,   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Centre of the Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russian Federation, Sabelnikova E.A. ,   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Centre of the Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russian Federation, Parfenov A.I. ,   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Centre of the Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Study Objective: to develop nutritional deficiency management approaches in patients with resected intestine syndrome. Study Design: observational study. Materials and Methods. We examined and treated 239 patients (143 women, mean age: 49.4 ± 6.5 years old; 96 men, mean age: 52.1 ± 15.6 years old) who underwent intestine resection to a various extent and level caused by various conditions. Small intestine was resected in 96 patients; a combined resection of small intestine and right half of large intestine was performed in 97 patients; and right hemicolectomy/colectomy was indicated in 46 cases. At least one month after surgery all patients underwent a screening to identify the nutrition risk as per the Screening of Nutritional Risk 2002 questionnaire. Study Results. It was found out that nutritional support was needed in 85.7% of cases, including 51% and 34.7% of cases with moderate and high risk of nutritional disorders, respectively. Various extent and levels of intestine resections are characterised by similar types of nutritional deficiency, most often it was a mixed type with signs on dehydration and protein-calorie deficiency. Following the results of a comprehensive nutritional deficiency assessment in our patients and taking into account the level and extent of intestine resection, as well as its causes and concomitant pathology, we propose a new term “resected intestine syndrome” and classification. Additional examinations using the proposed classification allowed adjusting the conventional nutritional therapy and modifying management. Conclusion. Data consolidation resulted in the need to introduce a new term “resected intestine syndrome” and to develop a classification which allows using differentiated correction of this condition and to make any forecasts. The term “resected intestine syndrome” we propose and a new classification of nutritional deficiency can help in identifying the potential risk as well as patients requiring nutritional correction and follow-up. Keywords: nutritional deficiency, resected intestine syndrome, therapy.
Intimacy, Zoom Tango and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Skinner Jonathan
Published: November 2020

This is a personal reflection reacting and responding to the COVID-19 global pandemic and the domestication and on-lining of physical leisure pursuit. In Anthony Giddens’ The Transformation of Intimacy, there is the suggestion that the condition of the plastic is one ‘decentred’ and ‘freed from the needs of reproduction’. Giddens was writing generally about sexuality and the physical labour of reproduction, but this suggestion warrants wider exploration, particularly when Giddens concludes his argument with the suggestion that intimacy and democracy are ideally implicated in each other: autonomy of the self and open conditions of association as preconditions for establishing his reflexive project of the self. This personal reflection develops this suggestion by looking at two creative responses to the pandemic lockdown as socially distanced tennis and Zoom tango become tactics for living with the unexpected, for coping with isolation, for retaining and returning to an everyday.
POSITION OF HEADS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT IN PATIENTS WITH MALOCCLUSION
Authors: Kuroiedova V.D. , Stasiuk O.A. , Vyzhenko Ye.Ye. , Sokolohorska-Nykina Yu.K.
Published: November 2020

This article describes the assessment of the condition, symmetry of temporomandibular joint and timely diagnosis of its dysfunction based on to H. Gelb method in malocclusion. The objective of this study was to investigate the position and assess the symmetry of the temporomandibular joint heads according to H. Gelb in cases of malocclusion. Materials and мethods. The study was based on analysis of computed tomographs of 70 patients with malocclusion. Depending on the stage of the occlusion development, the patients were divided into two groups: I group included 30 patients with mixed dentition and II group included 40 patients with permanent dentition. Results. The results obtained demonstrated that regardless of the pathology of the occlusion and age, only 8 patients had the correct bite, i.e. the symmetrical position of the temporomandibular joint heads in the Gelb 4/7 position. The most frequent symmetric position of the articular heads in the patients of the I group I was the Gelb ¼ position found in 16 patients; the Gelb 1/5 position was revealed in 8 patients of the II group that can be explained as age-related changes in the displacement of the articular heads from the Gelb 1/4 to 1/5 position. Conclusions. According to the results of our research, it was found that regardless of the malocclusion and age, patients who have the correct position of the temporomandibular joint heads on the left and right in the Gelb 4/7 position make up only 10.52%. The age-related dynamics of the rotational displacement of the centre of the articular heads from the Gelb 1/4 to 1/5 position has been observed, and the number of patients with the asymmetric position of the temporomandibular joint articular heads is increaing.
Udzielanie sakramentu chrztu osobom poniżej 14. roku życia w prawie partykularnym archidiecezji lubelskiej
Authors: Jaszcz Ks. Adam
Published: November 2020

Udzielanie chrztu świętego osobom, które nie ukończyły 14. roku życia, w archidiecezji lubelskiej zostało uregulowane w statutach II Synodu Diecezji Lubelskiej oraz w Instrukcji o udzielaniu sakramentu chrztu w Archidiecezji Lubelskiej z dnia 28 kwietnia 2017 r., do której dołączono formularze kancelaryjne (załączniki). Podstawą do udzielenia chrztu osobom poniżej 14. roku życia

jest prośba lub zgoda wyrażona przynajmniej przez jednego z rodziców lub prawnych opiekunów. W przypadku dzieci w wieku katechetycznym (7-14 lat) wymagane jest również wyrażenie woli przyjęcia sakramentu przez samego kandydata. Na rodzicach i całym Kościele spoczywa obowiązek wychowania w wierze dzieci, które przyjęły chrzest, aby z czasem mogły ją osobiście wyznawać.
Die Neuerfindung des Selbst: zehn Thesen zur Kommunikation der Forstwirtschaft (Essay)
Authors: von Detten Roderich , Suda Michael
Published: November 2020

Die Neuerfindung des Selbst: zehn Thesen zur Kommunikation der Forstwirtschaft (Essay)

Wenn in der Öffentlichkeit vom «Wald» die Rede ist oder die Tätigkeiten der Forstwirtschaft thematisiert werden, so wird von forstlichen Fachvertreterinnen und Fachvertretern immer wieder über die Schwierigkeit geklagt, sich verständlich zu machen – oder bedauert, missverstanden zu werden. Dass die forstliche Kommunikation von einer tief greifenden Umbruchphase kündet, in der sich die Forstwirtschaft seit einigen Jahren befindet, wird mit zehn Thesen illustriert. Sie thematisieren die nach innen und aussen gerichtete Kommunikation von Forstleuten als krisenhafte Zeichen des Ringens um die eigene Identität und das eigene Selbstverständnis – und als Versuch, die Wahrnehmung durch Aussenstehende zu kontrollieren. Der Beitrag will den Blick darauf lenken, dass ein gesellschaftlicher (und ökologischer) Wandel auch eine Veränderung der Forstwirtschaft mit sich bringen muss. Dafür sind etablierte Rollen, Selbstbilder, Positionierungen, Themen, Leitbilder und Strategien zwingend zu revidieren – und auch die forstliche Kommunikation.
SELF-HARM IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: Runcan Remus , Runcan Patricia Luciana , Goian Cosmin , Nadolu Bogdan , Ardelean Mihaela Gavrilă
Published: November 2020

This study provides the synonyms for the terms deliberate self-harm and self-destructive behaviour, together with a psychological portrait of self-harming adolescents, the consequence of self-harm, the purpose of self-harm, and the forms of self-harm. It also presents the results of a survey regarding the prevalence of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour, the gender of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour, the age of the first non-suicidal self-harming behaviour in these people, the frequency of non-suicidal self-harming behaviour in these people, the association of the non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with substance misuse in these people, the relationships of the people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with their fathers, mothers, and siblings, the relationships of the people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with their friends, the possible causes of self-harming behaviour in these people, and the relationship of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with religion. Some of the results confirmed literature results, while others shed a new light on other aspects related to people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour
SOCIAL WORK IN ROMANIA IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
Authors: Runcan Remus
Published: November 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has posed great challenges for all social work clients and their families, caregivers, medical and mental health care providers, and support systems. Social work clients are vulnerable to the detrimental effects of restrictions (isolation) and are confronted with adverse consequences from distancing and new rules, which may trigger or worsen psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, self-harm, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour and thoughts), according to recent literature (March-May 2020). This paper presents the results of a survey of Romanian social workers aimed at identifying both positive and negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on both social workers and their clients.
Volunteering in culture within the projects of the German Reading Room of A. M. Gorky Regional Library
Authors:   A. M. Gorky State Regional Universal Library, Makshakova Tatiana
Published: November 2020

The experience of mutually beneficial cooperation of the German Reading Room and volunteers is discussed. Various forms of club and project activities are analyzed to be addressed when managing volunteering.
The new life of minor bibliographies
Authors:   St. Petersburg College of Library and Information technologies, Pankova Elena , Berkutova Lyalya ,   St. Petersburg College of Library and Information technologies
Published: November 2020

Use of minor bibliographies can be extended to the sphere of building the libraries’ positive image, which is also true for children’s and juvenile libraries.
Electronic publications on standardization produced by the Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology
Authors:   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Smirnov Yury
Published: November 2020

The digital publications on standardization produced by the Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology are discussed, namely: English-Russian Dictionary of Machine-Readable Cataloguing, Electronic Terminological Dictionary of the System of Standards on Information, Librarianship and Publishing (SIBID), Database on Standards. Each entry comprises a brief description, its characteristics and intended purpose. In conclusion, digital publications on standardization being planned are discussed.
«The window on the past», or the new space of the Rare Books Department of A. M. Gorky Universal Library
Authors:   A. M. Gorky State Regional Universal Library, Shpakova Marina
Published: November 2020

The experience of the new library site is discussed; the importance of creative use of library space is substantiated. The «antic-style» library set up in Perm Regional Library Rare Book Department influences positively on the department work and stimulates interest towards rare and valuable books being displayed and promotes one of the most interesting library collections.
Building and developing VAK digital archive
Authors:   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Brodovsky Alexander , Zaytseva Ekaterina ,   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Zaslavsky Yury ,   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology
Published: November 2020

VAK (The Higher Attestation Committee) digital archive design and development activities are described. Archival materials analysis, classification and verification processes are discussed. Digitization technology is specified, structure and retrieval facilities of VAK archival document information system are examined. The project results for 2016–2018 as well as the 2019 vectors are reported.
The collection of rare publications in local history of Kostanay Regional Universal Scientific Library
Authors:   L. Tolstoy Regional Universal Scientific Library, Dyusibaeva Darikha
Published: November 2020

The origins and characteristics of the rare book collection of L. Tolstoy Scientific Library are discussed. The focus is made of the unique publications in the local history of the late 19-th – eary 20-th century. The publications cover the history of the region and comprising vast document array. Several publications are described in detail, e. g. «Migrant small-holders in Turgay Oblast», «Essays in the Natural History of the 1- st and 2-тв Maurzum volost of Turgay Oblast», statistical reports, land management instructions, «The Proceedings of Kustanay Society of Local Lore and History», etc. The problem of the collection preservation and digitization is discussed.
Efektivitas Media Aplikasi untuk Edukasi Siaga Bencana pada Anak Penyandang Disabilitas (Tuna Rungu)
Authors: Aini Nur , Daniah Daniah
Published: November 2020

Metode penelitian  yang digunakan adalah mix metode yaitu kuantitatif dan Indonesia merupakan negara rawan bencana alam yang dampaknya dapat  menyebabkan timbulnya korban terutama pada anak anak disabilitas. Salah satu penyebab luasnya dampak adalah karena kurangnya  pengetahuan masyarakat  terutama anak menghadapi  bencana. Pemerintah sudah melakukan upaya program sekolah aman untuk anak sekolah dasar dan anak disabilitas, namun hal tersebut belum berjalan secara terus menerus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media   aplikasi berbasis android dan website SINARU terhadap  pengetahuan tentang mitigasi siaga bencana pada anak disabilitas tuna rungu di SDLB santi Rama Tahun 2019
kualiatif. Kuantitatif  dengan pendekatan waktu cross sectional, metode sampel menggunakan total sampling yang berjumlah 24  anak . Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, aplikasi yang dirancang untuk anak disabilitas berbasis website dan android . Data dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik SPSS dengan T test Dependent. Sedangkan kualitatif pengambilan data  dengan wawancara mendalam. Informannya guru dan orang tua murid. Kemudian ditranskripkan dan di analisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman
Hasil menunjukkan  rata-rata skor pengetahuan responden sebelum intervensi adalah 40,2 skor paling kecil adalah 15 dan paling besar 75. Kemudian rata-rata skor setelah intervensi adalah 47 dengan skor paling besar 85. Sedangkan  rata-rata peningkatan skor pengetahuan adalah 6,8 dengan standar deviasi 14,9 dan standar eror 3 dan dari hasil uji statistik didapatkan p value 0,034 yang berarti intervensi yang dilakukan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan skor pengetahuan anak. Dari hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa murid Santi Rama baru sekali mengikuti edukasi siaga kebakaran. Guru sudah pernah dibekali pengetahuan mengenai bencana. Kesimpulannya  bahwa media aplikasi  SINARU efektif menambah pengetahuan anak anak disabiltas tunarungu mengenai mitigasi siaga bencana. Dan perlu peran orang tua dalam memberi  informasi pada anak di rumah.
Penerapan Standar Operasional Prosedur Perawatan Luka Bersih melalui Pelatihan Perawatan Pasca Operasi
Authors: Nursanty Oci Etri , Arofiati Fitri
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK
Rumah sakit dituntut mampu mengurangi resiko infeksi dalam pelayanan jasa kesehatan. Unsur terpenting yang terlibat salah satunya adalah perawat. Mengacu pada Sasaran Internasional Keselamatan Pasien (SIKP) 5, Salah satu caranya mengurangi resiko infeksi yaitu menerapkan Standar Operasional Prosedure dalam penatalaksanaan pasien luka pasca operasi. Rumah sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul memiliki perawat yang telah mengikuti pelatihan perawatan luka secara internal, namun rumah sakit belum melakukan evaluasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi eksperiment. Populasi penelitian, perawat yang bertugas di Instalansi Rawat Inap dewasa RS PKU Muhammadiyah  Bantul. Jumlah sampel 30 orang dengan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Cheklist observasi . Alat analisis menggunakan Paired t-test dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Pelatihan perawatan luka pasca operasi efektif dalam penerapan SOP di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul dengan p-value 0,002 %. Penilaian responden dalam penerapan SOP Pre-Post training dalam kategori baik. Artinya secara keseluruhan responden sudah menerapkan SOP, namun Pre training masih terdapat 8 responden dan Post training terdapat 3 responden dalam kategori cukup.
PERBANDINGAN INTERPRETASI SKALA NYERI ANTARA NRS-VAS-WBFS OLEH PASIEN PASCA OPERASI ELEKTIF ORTHOPEDI DI RSUD Dr. SOETOMO
Authors: Pratitdya Ginong , Rehatta Nancy M. , Susila Dedi
Published: November 2020

Health management is still a challenge in health services. An instrument that can cure pain is easy, easy, with accurate interpretation and can be used by every party involved in pain management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS), which can be interpreted well by postoperative care patients. The research method used was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design that analyzed the scale application (NRS, VAS, WBFS) in patients after elective orthopedic surgery at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. This study analyzed primary data of postoperative patients which contained socio-demographic characteristics, type of anesthesia given, pain scores and patient interpretation of pain scales through special instruments. The results showed that 102 research subjects were needed. The pain scale interpretation instrument was declared valid and reliable (Cronbach Alpha> 0.60). Mean pain scores from the VAS scale (4.29), NRS (4.82) and WBFS (4.81). No significant difference was obtained NRS scale and WBFS scale (Sig> 0.05). Mean interpretation of pain scale from the VAS scale (13.62), NRS (17.14) and WBFS (21.33). There was a significant difference in the pain score of the VAS scale against the NRS scale, also the WBFS scale (Sig
PEMBERDAYAAN KELUARGA DALAM MENURUNKAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PASIEN GGK DENGAN HEMODIALISA
Authors: Wulandari Oktavia , Widayati Dhina
Published: November 2020

Chronic kidney failure (CKD) is a pathological condition in the kidney with diverse etiologies, resulting in progressive decline in kidney function, and in general must undergo hemodialysis therapy. In patients with hemodialysis therapy, anxiety often arises with the therapeutic procedures that are given so that the system needs support from the family. This study wanted to determine the effect of family empowerment on anxiety levels of chronic renal failure patients with hemodialysis. The pre-experimental design was the design in this study with a population of 36 patients and a sample size of 22 patients obtained through purposive sampling. This study used a questionnaire instrument and the data obtained were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. The measurement results on the level of anxiety before the intervention showed 63% in the level of severe anxiety and after the intervention showed 46% in the category of moderate anxiety. P-value in the statistical test shows 0.003 which means that there is an influence of family empowerment with anxiety level of CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. Family empowerment can reduce the level of anxiety for patients undergoing hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Room of RSUD. Mardi Waluyo Blitar. Family empowerment provides assistance, solutions, support, so that it can be used to overcome the anxiety experienced by patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Paeonol Suppresses Proliferation and Motility of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Disrupting STAT3/NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chen Wen-Xu , Li Ling-Li , Cao Yu-Zhu , Geng Ya-Di , Feng Xiao-Jun , Wang Ai-Yun , Chen Zhao-Lin , Lu Yin , Shen Ai-Zong
Published: November 2020

Background: Targeting inflammatory microenvironment is a promising anti-tumor strategy. Paeonol is a phenolic compound with effective anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of paeonol on non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) have not been fully investigated. Here, we evaluated the effects of paeonol on proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC and elucidated the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The effects of paeonol on inflammatory cytokines were determined by cell proliferation and ELISA assays. Assays of wound healing, single cell migration and perforation invasion were used to evaluate migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Expression of marker proteins in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family enzymes were detected by Western blot assays. Nude mouse A549 cells transplantation tumor model was used to study the anti-lung cancer effects of paeonol in vivo. TUNEL stanining were used to detect the apoptosis of tumor cells in A549 lung cancer mice, and Ki67 analysis was used to detect the proliferation of tumor cells in A549 lung cancer mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the effects of paeonol on signaling molecules in tumor tissues.

Results: Paeonol inhibited A549 cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Paeonol inhibited secreaion of inflammatory cytokines in A549 cells, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Paeonol altered the expression of marker proteins involved in EMT and MMP family enzymes. In addition, paeonol inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). Paeonol inhibited the growth of A549 cells transplanted tumors in nude mice.

Conclusion: Paeonol potently inhibited NSCLC cell growth, migration and invasion associated with disruption of STAT3 and NF-κB pathways, suggesting that it could be a promising anti-metastatic candidate for tumor chemotherapy.
Pharmaceutical Advantages of GenoTX-407, A Combination of Extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Root and Magnolia officinalis Bark
Authors: Yoon Eun-Jung , Lee Mi Young , Choi Byoung Il , Lim Kyong Jin , Hong Seung Young , Park Dongsun
Published: November 2020

Background: Extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis root (SBR) and Magnolia officinalis barks (MOB) possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties; however, these also exert adverse effects such as cytotoxicity. To overcome the adverse effects, we formulated a combination of the extracts, named GenoTX-407, with SBR and MOB extracts mixed in 5:1 ratio. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of SBR and MOB extracts and GenoTX-407 were evaluated. Methods: To optimize the extraction conditions of SBR and MOB, different ethanol concentrations and extraction times and treatments of the extracts with different solvents for varying time periods were tested. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via NO scavenging assay and analysis of anti-inflammatory activity-related gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Agar disk diffusion and microdilution assays were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH assay and analyses of peroxidation and antioxidant-related protein expression in HeLa cells. Results: Extraction with 0% ethanol for 2 h and 1.5% phosphoric acid for 0.5 h yielded maximum SBR extracts. For MOB, 50% ethanol extraction for 2 h followed by further extraction in hexane for 0.5 h yielded the highest extracts. SBR (46.1 ± 0.9 %) and MOB (48.9 ± 1.0 %) extracts effectively inhibited NO production, and dose-dependently reduced the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, NF-κB, COX2, and IL-6. MOB and GenoTX-407 inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Propionibacterium acnes, as evidenced in disk diffusion and microdilution assays. SBR (EC50, 107.7 µg/mL and 38.3 µg/mL), MOB (62.41 µg/mL and 72.45 µg/mL), and GenoTX-407 (7.7 µg/mL and 26.4 µg/mL) exhibited excellent antioxidant potency and could scavenge free radicals of DPPH and lipid peroxidation; additionally, SOD, CAT, HO-1, and Nrf2 expression was increased in HeLa cells. SBR showed more potent antioxidant activity than MOB. Contrastingly, MOB exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities than SBR. Interestingly, GenoTX-407 was the most efficient in all the assays, compared with SBR and MOB. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GenoTX-407, the combination of SBR and MOB, is a potential drug candidate exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Investigation of Reverse Swing and Magnus Effect on a Cricket Ball Using Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Jackson Richard W. , Harberd Edmund , Lock Gary D. , Scobie James A.
Published: November 2020

Lateral movement from the principal trajectory, or “swing”, can be generated on a cricket ball when its seam, which sits proud of the surface, is angled to the flow. The boundary layer on the two hemispheres divided by the seam is governed by the Reynolds number and the surface roughness; the swing is fundamentally caused by the pressure differences associated with asymmetric flow separation. Skillful bowlers impart a small backspin to create gyroscopic inertia and stabilize the seam position in flight. Under certain flow conditions, the resultant pressure asymmetry can reverse across the hemispheres and “reverse swing” will occur. In this paper, particle image velocimetry measurements of a scaled cricket ball are presented to interrogate the flow field and the physical mechanism for reverse swing. The results show that a laminar separation bubble forms on the non-seam side (hemisphere), causing the separation angle for the boundary layer to be increased relative to that on the seam side. For the first time, it is shown that the separation bubble is present even under large rates of backspin, suggesting that this flow feature is present under match conditions. The Magnus effect on a rotating ball is also demonstrated, with the position of flow separation on the upper (retreating) side delayed due to the reduced relative speed between the surface and the freestream.
Solid Media Thermal Energy Storage System for Heating Electric Vehicles: Advanced Concept for Highest Thermal Storage Densities
Authors: Dreißigacker Volker
Published: November 2020

The integration of thermal energy storage systems enables improvements in efficiency and flexibility for numerous applications in power plants and industrial processes. By transferring such technologies to the transport sector, existing potentials can be used for thermal management concepts and new ways of providing heat can be developed. For this purpose, technology developments for solid media high-temperature thermal energy storage systems are taking place for battery-electric vehicles as part of the DLR Next Generation Car (NGC) project. The idea of such concepts is to generate heat electrically, to store it efficiently and to discharge it through a bypass concept at a defined temperature level. The decisive criterion when using such solutions are high systemic storage densities which can be achieved by storing heat at a high temperature level. However, when storing high temperature heat increasing dimensions for thermal insulation are required, leading to limitations in the achievable systemic storage density. To overcome such limitations, an alternative thermal insulation concept is presented. Up to now, conventional thermal insulations are based on sheathing the storage containment with efficient thermal insulation materials, whereby the thickness results from safety restrictions with regard to the permitted maximum surface temperature. In contrast, the alternative concept enables through the integration of the external bypass into the thermal insulation systemic advantages during the charging and discharging period. During discharging, previously unused amounts of heat or heat losses within the thermal insulation can be integrated into the bypass path and the insulation thickness can be reduced during loading through active cooling. Using detailed models for both the reference and the alternative thermal insulation concept, systematic simulation studies were conducted on the relevant influencing variables and on the basis of defined specifications. The results confirm that the alternative thermal insulation concept achieves significant improvements in systemic storage densities compared to previous solutions and high potentials to overcome existing limitations.
Optimization of Plasma Spraying for VW75 Rare Earth Magnesium Alloy Based on Orthogonal Experiments and Research on Its Performances
Authors: Lin Bingtao , Zhang Baohong , Ma Minglong , Zhang Kui , Li Yongjun , Chen Zehua , Liu Yanhui
Published: November 2020

In this study, the effects of the six technological parameters of atmospheric plasma spraying (including spraying current, spraying distance, main gas flow, auxiliary gas flow, spraying speed, and powder feeding rate) on the microhardness, density, and rate of deposition of nanoparticle cluster-oxidized yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) powder-ceramic coating were investigated through an orthogonal experiment. The structures of the powder and coating were observed by a scanning electron microscope. The hardness measurements were carried out on the samples, and the cross-section experimental results were analyzed by combining the structure of the coating and range analysis method, thereby obtaining the optimized technological parameters. The results show that the coating was primarily composed of melted ZrO2, and the coating section was a characteristic of concave–convex occlusions. Mechanical bonding played the dominant role. Main gas flow was the primary influencing parameter of performances of the atmospheric plasma spraying ZrO2 coating, followed by spraying current, auxiliary gas flow, powder feed rate, spraying speed, and spraying distance, successively. The optimal technological parameters for atmospheric plasma spraying ZrO2 coating were 75 standard cubic foot per hour (SCFH) of main gas flow, 875 A of spraying current, 45 SCFH of auxiliary gas flow, 30 g/min of powder feed rate, 400 mm/s of spraying speed, and 85 mm of spraying distance. The bonding microhardness, density, and rate of deposition of the prepared coating were HV388, 5.25 g/cm3, and 31.58%, respectively. The electrode potential and corrosion resistance of the prepared coating increased remarkably compared with that of the substrate, whereas the corrosion current decreased significantly.
Minimum Spanning vs. Principal Trees for Structured Approximations of Multi-Dimensional Datasets
Authors: Chervov Alexander , Bac Jonathan , Zinovyev Andrei
Published: November 2020

Construction of graph-based approximations for multi-dimensional data point clouds is widely used in a variety of areas. Notable examples of applications of such approximators are cellular trajectory inference in single-cell data analysis, analysis of clinical trajectories from synchronic datasets, and skeletonization of images. Several methods have been proposed to construct such approximating graphs, with some based on computation of minimum spanning trees and some based on principal graphs generalizing principal curves. In this article we propose a methodology to compare and benchmark these two graph-based data approximation approaches, as well as to define their hyperparameters. The main idea is to avoid comparing graphs directly, but at first to induce clustering of the data point cloud from the graph approximation and, secondly, to use well-established methods to compare and score the data cloud partitioning induced by the graphs. In particular, mutual information-based approaches prove to be useful in this context. The induced clustering is based on decomposing a graph into non-branching segments, and then clustering the data point cloud by the nearest segment. Such a method allows efficient comparison of graph-based data approximations of arbitrary topology and complexity. The method is implemented in Python using the standard scikit-learn library which provides high speed and efficiency. As a demonstration of the methodology we analyse and compare graph-based data approximation methods using synthetic as well as real-life single cell datasets.
The Wireless Solution to Realize Green IoT: Cellular Networks with Energy Efficient and Energy Harvesting Schemes
Authors: Ren Yuan , Zhang Xuewei , Lu Guangyue
Published: November 2020

With the tremendous increase of heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the different service requirements of these IoT applications, machine-type communication (MTC) has attracted considerable attention from both industry and academia. Owing to the prominent advantages of supporting pervasive connectivity and wide area coverage, the cellular network is advocated as the potential wireless solution to realize IoT deployment for MTC, and this creative network paradigm is called the cellular IoT (C-IoT). In this paper, we propose the three-layer structured C-IoT architecture for MTC and review the challenges for deploying green C-IoT. Then, effective strategies for realizing green C-IoT are presented, including the energy efficient and energy harvesting schemes. We put forward several strategies to make the C-IoT run in an energy-saving manner, such as efficient random access and barring mechanisms, self-adapting machine learning predictions, scheduling optimization, resource allocation, fog computing, and group-oriented transmission. As for the energy harvesting schemes, the ambient and dedicated energy harvesting strategies are investigated. Afterwards, we give a detailed case study, which shows the effectiveness of reducing power consumption for the proposed layered C-IoT architecture. Additionally, for real-time and non-real-time applications, the power consumption of different on-off states for MTC devices is discussed.
On the Turbulence-Chemistry Interaction of an HCCI Combustion Engine
Authors: D’Amato Marco , Viggiano Annarita , Magi Vinicio
Published: November 2020

A numerical study was carried out to evaluate the influence of engine combustion chamber geometry and operating conditions on the performance and emissions of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Combustion in an HCCI engine is a very complex phenomenon that is influenced by several factors that need to be controlled, such as gas temperature, heat transfer, turbulence and auto-ignition of the gas mixture. An eddy dissipation concept (EDC) combustion model was used to take into account the interaction between turbulence and chemistry. The model assumed that reactions occur in small turbulent structures called fine-scales, whose characteristic lengths and times depend mainly on the turbulence level. The model parameters were slightly modified with respect to the standard model proposed by Magnussen, to correctly simulate the characteristics of the HCCI combustion process. A reduced iso-octane chemical mechanism with 186 species and 914 chemical reactions was employed together with a sub-mechanism for NOx. The model was validated by comparing the results with available experimental data in terms of pressure and instantaneous heat release rate. Two engine chamber geometries with and without a cavity in the piston were considered, respectively. The two engines provided significant differences in terms of fluid-dynamic patterns and turbulence intensity levels in the combustion chamber. The results show that combustion started earlier and proceeded faster for the flat piston, leading to an increase in both the peak pressure and gross indicated mean effective pressure, as well as a reduction of CO and UHC emissions. An additional analysis was performed by considering a case without swirl for the flat-piston case. Such an analysis shows that the swirl motion reduces the time duration of combustion and slightly increases the gross indicated work per cycle.
Energy and Economic Analysis of Date Palm Biomass Feedstock for Biofuel Production in UAE: Pyrolysis, Gasification and Fermentation
Authors: Martis Remston , Al-Othman Amani , Tawalbeh Muhammad , Alkasrawi Malek
Published: November 2020

This work evaluates date palm waste as a cheap and available biomass feedstock in UAE for the production of biofuels. The thermochemical and biochemical routes including pyrolysis, gasification, and fermentation were investigated. Simulations were done to produce biofuels from biomass via Aspen Plus v.10. The simulation results showed that for a tonne of biomass feed, gasification produced 56 kg of hydrogen and fermentation yielded 233 kg of ethanol. Process energy requirements, however, proved to offset the bioethanol product value. For 1 tonne of biomass feed, the net duty for pyrolysis was 37 kJ, for gasification was 725 kJ, and for fermentation was 7481.5 kJ. Furthermore, for 1 tonne of date palm waste feed, pyrolysis generated a returned USD $768, gasification generated USD 166, but fermentation required an expenditure of USD 763, rendering it unfeasible. The fermentation economic analysis showed that reducing the system’s net duty to 6500 kJ/tonne biomass and converting 30% hemicellulose along with the cellulose content will result in a breakeven bioethanol fuel price of 1.85 USD/L. This fuel price falls within the acceptable 0.8–2.4 USD/L commercial feasibility range and is competitive with bioethanol produced in other processes. The economic analysis indicated that pyrolysis and gasification are economically more feasible than fermentation. To maximize profits, the wasted hemicellulose and lignin from fermentation are proposed to be used in thermochemical processes for further fuel production.