bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia as a prognostic factor in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Sakamoto Teruhisa , Yagyu Takuki , Uchinaka Ei , Miyatani Kozo , Hanaki Takehiko , Kihara Kyoichi , Matsunaga Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Manabu , Tokuyasu Naruo , Honjo Soichiro , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2020

Background

Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the impact of sarcopenia in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer.

Methods

Seventy-four patients who developed postoperative recurrence of pancreatic cancer after undergoing pancreatectomies were enrolled. Sarcopenia in these patients was defined according to the psoas muscle index (PMI) measured via computed tomography at the third vertebra.

Results

The mean PMIs at the time of recurrence were 4.47 ± 1.27 cm 2 /m 2 for men and 3.26 ± 0.70 cm 2 /m 2 for women. Of the 74 patients, 65 (87.8%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia with low PMI. The 2-year post-recurrence survival curve in the sarcopenia group was significantly worse than that in the non-sarcopenia group ( P = 0.034). Multivariate analysis revealed that sarcopenia at the time of recurrence was an independent prognostic factor ( P = 0.043) along with a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( P = 0.004), early recurrence ( P = 0.001) and chemotherapy after recurrence ( P = 0.005) in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) of the combination of sarcopenia and time to recurrence for predicting 2-year survival was 0.763, which was much higher than that of sarcopenia alone (AUC = 0.622).

Conclusions

Sarcopenia is a useful prognostic factor in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer. The combination of sarcopenia and time of recurrence may more accurately predict post-recurrence survival than can sarcopenia alone.
Small bowel volvulus (SBV) in Northcentral Ethiopia
Authors: Awedew Atalel Fentahun , Belay Woldemariam Beka , Amsalu Bedemariam Tadesse , Yalewu Dawit Zerihun
Published: August 2020

Background: Small bowel volvulus (SBV) is a benign gastrointestinal surgical condition in which there is a torsion of all or parts of a segment of small bowel on its mesenteric axis. It has been contributed significant burden of surgical emergency as cause of small bowel obstruction in developing countries. The main objective this study was to explore clinical and epidemiological profile of Small bowel volvulus in Northcentral Ethiopia Method: The study was conducted at Debre Tabor General Hospital, South Gondar in Northcentral Ethiopia. The medical records of patients with a discharge diagnosis of small bowel volvulus were reviewed. The patients were seen for a 4-year period from Jan1, 2016-Dec31, 2019. The study was hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional and data were collected with a standardized structure questioner tool. The collected data checked for any inconsistency, code, and enter SPSS version 23 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive analyses were represented as frequency, percent, mean ± standard deviation for normal distribution, and Median ± Interquartile range for skewed data. Cross tabulation analysis was done for risk factors contributed for mortality and morbidity of SBV.Result: There were 148 patients with Small bowel volvulus as a cause of small bowel obstruction was admitted within four years. The annual occurrence rate was 35cases per year. It represented 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction. The majority were males (N=125, 84.5%) and females were (N=23, 15.5%). The age ranged from 15-78 years. The mean age was 41.14±(SD=15.4) .The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain 98% and vomiting 91.2%. The median time of hospital stay was 5 days (± IQR=2).The mean duration of illness before hospital admission was 2 days (± SD=1.4) and median was 1 day (± IQR=2). The morbidity rate was 5.4% (N=8) and the mortality rate was 3.4 %( N=5) Conclusion: Annual occurrence of SBV was 37 cases per year. The prevalence of SBV was 59% of small bowel obstruction and 36.3% of bowel obstruction respectively.
Graphene-modified CePO4 nanorods effectively treat breast cancer-induced bone metastases and regulate macrophage polarization to improve osteo-inductive ability
Authors: Ge Yuwei , Liu Xiao-Liang , Yu De-gang , Zhu Zhen-An , Ke Qin-Fei , Mao Yuan-Qing , Guo Ya-Ping , Zhang Jing-Wei
Published: August 2020

Background: Breast cancer bone metastasis has become one of the most common complications; however, it may cause cancer recurrence and bone nonunion, as well as local bone defects. Methods: Herein, In vitro, we verified the effect of bioscaffold materials on cell proliferation and apoptosis through a CCK8 trial, staining of live/dead cells, and flow cytometry. We used immunofluorescence technology and flow cytometry to verify whether bioscaffold materials regulate macrophage polarization, and we used ALP staining, alizarin red staining and PCR to verify whether bioscaffold material promotes bone regeneration. In vivo, we once again studied the effect of bioscaffold materials on tumors by measuring tumor volume in mice, Tunel staining, and caspase-3 immunofluorescence. We also constructed a mouse skull ultimate defect model to verify the effect on bone regeneration. Results: Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, hydrated CePO4 nanorods and bioactive chitosan (CS) are combined to form a bioactive multifunctional CePO4/CS/GO scaffold, with characteristics such as photothermal therapy to kill tumors, macrophage polarization to promote blood vessel formation, and induction of bone formation. CePO4/CS/GO scaffold activates the caspase-3 proteasein local tumor cells, thereby lysing the DNA between nucleosomes and causing apoptosis. On the one hand, the as-released Ce3+ ions promote M2 polarization of macrophages, which secretes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Arginase-1 (Arg-1), which promotes angiogenesis. On the other hand, the as-released Ce3+ ions also activated the BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway which facilitated bone tissue regeneration. Conclusion: the multifunctional CePO4/CS/GO scaffolds may become a promising platform for therapy of breast cancer bone metastases.
Hepatocyte parafﬁn 1 and Arginase-1 are Effective Panel of Markers in HBV-related HCC Diagnosis in Fine-Needle Aspiration Specimens
Authors: Moudi Bita , Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb Hamidreza , Heidari Zahra
Published: August 2020

Objective: In order to make successful treatment for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, an early diagnosis is necessary. In this research we aimed to evaluate the IHC staining pattern of Hepatocyte parafﬁn 1 and arginase-1 and their performance in early diagnosis of HCC. The incidence of HepPar- 1 and Arg-1 were evaluated by IHC in 121 patients (HBV, HCC, HBV+HCC) and 30 healthy subjects.Results: Arg-1 had significantly increased sensitivity in identification of HBV+HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P<0.001). The sensitivity of arginase-1 is 96.3% whereas, the sensitivity of HepPar-1 is 72.7%. Arg-1 had higher specificity in identification of HBV+HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P<0.05). With one positive marker, the sensitivity, the specificity and the positive predictive values and negative predictive value were 84.3%, 82.4%, 88.6% and 85.4% respectively. Also with one positive marker, the sensitivity and negative predictive value were significantly higher compared to the both 2 positive combinations. It was concluded that Arg-1 can improves the ability to detect HBV+HCC patients when compared with HepPar-1. When, both markers being positive, the specificity and PPVs of this combination were fairly higher. Concurrent use of these two proteins may be one of the best HCC detection patterns in needle specimens.
Results Following Surgical Resection of Recurrent Chordoma of the Spine: Experience in a single institution
Authors: Chanplakorn Pongsthorn , Lertudomphonwanit Thamrong , Homcharoen Wittawat , Suwanpramote Prakrit , Laohacharoensombat Wichien
Published: August 2020

Background: Chordoma of the spine is a low-grade malignant tumor with vague and indolent symptoms thus large tumor mass is encountered at the time of diagnosis in almost cases and makes a difficult for En-bloc free-margin resection. Salvage therapy for recurrent chordoma is very challenging due to its relentless nature and refractory to adjuvant therapies. The aim of this present study was to report the oncologic outcome following surgical resection of chordoma of the spine. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of 10 consecutive cases of recurrent chordoma patients who underwent surgical treatment between 2003 and 2018 at one tertiary-care center was conducted. Results: There were 10 patients, 4 females and 6 males were included in this study. Eight patients had local recurrence. The recurrence was encountered at the muscle, surrounding soft tissue and remaining bony structure. Distant metastases were found in 2 patients. The median time to recurrent or metastasis was 30 months after first surgery. Conclusion: En-bloc free margin resection is mandatory to prevent recurrent. The clinical vigilance and investigation to identify tumor recurrent should be performed every 3 to 6 months, especially, in the first 30 months and annually thereafter. Detection of recurrent in early stage with a small mass may be the best chance to perform an En-Bloc margin free resection to prevent further recurrent.
Investigating the frequency of Free-living amoeba in water resources with emphasis on Acanthamoeba in Bandar Abbas city, Hormozgan province, Iran in 2019-2020
Authors: Attariani Homa , Turki Habibollah , Shoja Saeed , Salahi-Moghaddam Abdoreza , Ghanbarnejad Amin , Shamseddin Jebreil
Published: August 2020

Objective: These amoebas can cause dangerous illnesses when they accidentally enter the human body, so it is necessary to determine various forms of organisms in water resources to prevent the danger they can cause and risks to human health. Currently, in Bandar Abbas, there is no sufficient information about the distribution of Acanthamoeba, and we intended to study its frequency and determine the related genotypes. Results: Out of 83 water samples collected from different resources in the city, 31 plates (37.3%) were found to be positive for free-living amoebae. Of these, five were identified as Acanthamoeba (6%) by culture method and 8 (9.6%) by molecular method. Positive sample sequence analysis enables us to distinguish two genotypes of T4 (7 cases) and T15 (1 case) in this study.
Exosomes containing miRNAs targeting HER2 synthesis and engineered to adhere to HER2 on tumor cells surface exhibit enhanced antitumor activity
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhou Xusha , Zou Weixuan , Wu Yinglin , Zhao Jing , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhou Grace Guoying
Published: August 2020

Background: Exosomes are small, cellular membrane-derived vesicles with a diameter of 50-150 nm. Exosomes are considered ideal drug delivery systems with a wide range of applications in various diseases, including cancer. However, nonspecific delivery of therapeutic agents by exosomes in vivo remains challenging. H uman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, and its overexpression is usually associated with cell survival and tumor progression in various cancers. In this study, we aim to develop novel exosomes with dual HER2-targeting ability as a nanoparticle delivery vehicle to enhance antitumor efficacy in vivo . Results: Here, we report the generation of two kinds of exosomes carrying miRNAs designed to block HER2 synthesis and consequently kill tumor cells. 293-miR-HER2 exosomes package and deliver designed miRNAs to cells to block HER2 synthesis. These exosomes kill cancer cells dependent on HER2 for survival but do not affect cells that lack HER2 or that are engineered to express HER2 but are not dependent on it for survival. In contrast, 293-miR-XS-HER2 exosomes carry an additional peptide, which enables them to adhere to HER2 on the surface of cancer cells. Consequently, these exosomes preferentially enter and kill cells with surface expression of HER2. 293-miR-XS-HER2 exosomes are significantly more effective than the 293-miR-HER2 exosomes in shrinking HER2-positive tumors implanted in mice. Conclusions: Collectively, as novel antitumor drug delivery vehicles, HER2 dual-targeting exosomes exhibit increased target-specific delivery efficiency and can be further utilized to develop new nanoparticle-based targeted therapies.
Crossover between the Adiabatic and Nonadiabatic Limits of Thermal Electron Transfer: Verifying the Landau-Zener Formula
Authors: Zhu Guang Yuan , Qin Yi , Meng Miao , Mallick Suman , Gao Hang , Chen Xiaoli , Cheng Tao , Tan Ying Ning , Xiao Xuan , Han Mei Juan , Sun Meifang , Liu Chun Yuan
Published: August 2020

The semiclassical models of nonadiabatic transition were proposed first by Landau and Zener in 1932, which has been widely used in study of electron transfer (ET); however, experimental substantiation of the Landau-Zener formula remains challenging. Herein, employing the Marcus-Hush theory, thermal ET in mixed-valence complexes { [Mo2]-(ph)n-[Mo2] }+ (n = 1-3) is investigated and the Landau-Zener analysis performed in the adiabatic and nonadiabatic limits. Evidently, the Landau-Zener formula is valid in the adiabatic regime in a broader range of conditions than the theoretical limitation known as the narrow avoided-crossing. The intermediate system is identified with an overall transition probability (𝛋el) of ~ 0.5, which is resolved by the contributions from the single and the first multiple passage. The results unify the contemporary ET theories under the semiclassical framework. The obtained insights help to understand and control the ET processes in biological and chemical systems.
Development and Psychometric Testing of a Questionnaire to Assess Nurse’s Perception of Risks during Enteral Nutrition
Authors: Feng Ping , Yang Huili , Xu Lan , Omorogieva Ojo , Lu Xiao-yan , Zhang Hai-ying , Wang Xiao-hua
Published: August 2020

Background Enteral nutrition (EN) therapy is widely used in clinical practice to provide artificial nutrition to patients, while the incidence of adverse events are relatively highly. In the clinical setting, the occurrence of adverse events is associated with the nurse’s risk perception. Thus, using tool to evaluate nurse’s risk perception of enteral nutrition is necessary.Methods The draft questionnaire with 37-items was formed by comprehensive literature reviews and semi-structured in-depth interviews with eleven nurses. Two iterations of expert consultations were used to evaluate the content validity, and 4 items were deleted in this phrase. A 33-items questionnaire was used to survey 352 nurses from five tertiary hospitals in China from May to July 2019 with convenience sampling. Content validity, construct validity and known-groups validity were evaluated by content validity index (CVI), exploratory factor analysis, and the comparisons of the different EN risk perception levels of nurses at different working departments and different educational backgrounds, respectively. Reliability was tested by internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and split-half reliability.Results After the exploratory factor analysis, four items were excluded. Finally, the newly developed questionnaire included 29 items explaining 71.356% of the total variance. It consisted of three factors: Risks of operation (15 items); Risks of EN-related adverse events (11 items), and Risks of EN solution selection (3 items). The CVI of the questionnaire was 0.95 and the CVI of items ranged from 0.875-1.0. The results of known-groups validity showed that the nurses with different educational backgrounds had a statistically significant difference of EN risk perception (z = -3.024, p = 0.002), whereas there was not significantly different between EN risk perception of nurses working in different departments (z = -1.644, p = 0.100). The Cronbach’s α, test-retest reliability, and split-half reliability of the questionnaire were 0.967, 0.818, and 0.815, respectively.Conclusions The newly developed questionnaire for assessing nurse’s EN risk perception showed good reliability and validity. It can be used as a tool for nursing managers to assess Chinese nurses’ EN risk perception ability, so as to help to reduce the occurrence of adverse events during EN implementation.
Rationally patterned electrode of direct-current triboelectric nanogenerators for ultrahigh effective surface charge density
Authors: Zhao Zhihao , Dai Yejing , Liu Di , Zhou Linglin , Li Shaoxin , Wang Zhong Lin , Wang Jie
Published: August 2020

As a new-era of energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been invented to convert randomly distributed mechanical energy into electric power for Internet of Things (IoTs) and artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Enhancement of the triboelectric charge density is crucial for its large-scale commercialization. Here, a microstructure-designed direct-current TENG (MDC-TENG) with rationally patterned electrode structure is presented to enhance its effective surface charge density by increasing the efficiency of contact electrification, which achieves a record high charge density of ~5.4 mC m-2 (more than 2 times of the best value reported). The MDC-TENG realizes both the miniaturized device and high output performance. Meanwhile, its effective charge density can be further improved as the device size increases. Our work not only provides a miniaturization strategy of TENG for the application in IoTs and AI as energy supply or self-powered sensor, but also presents a paradigm shift of the large-scale energy harvesting by TENGs.
Deregulation and pricing of medical services A policy experiment based in China
Authors: Zang Wenbin , Zhou Mei , Zhao Shaoyang
Published: August 2020

Background: Price regulation is a common constraint in Chinese hospitals. Based on a policy experiment conducted in China on the price deregulation of private nonprofit hospitals, this study empirically examines the impact of medical service price regulation on the pricing of medical services by hospitals. Methods: Using the claim data of insured inpatients residing in a major Chinese city for the period 2010–2015, this study constructs a DID (difference-in-differences) model to compare the impact of price deregulation on medical expenditure and expenditure structure between for-profit and nonprofit hospitals. Results: The empirical results based on micro data reveal that, price deregulated significantly increased the total expenditure per inpatient visit by 10.5%. In the itemized expenditure, the diagnostic test and drug expenditure per inpatient visit of private nonprofit hospitals decreased significantly, whereas the physician service expenditure per inpatient visit increased significantly. For expenditure structure, the proportions of drug expenditure and diagnostic test expenditure per inpatient visit significantly decreased by 5.7% and 3.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Under price regulation, medical service prices generally become lower than their costs. Therefore, after price deregulation, private nonprofit hospitals increase medical service prices above their cost and achieve the service premium by providing high-quality medical services and a comfortable medical environment. Further, although price deregulation causes patient expenditure to increase to a certain level, it optimizes the expenditure structure, as well.
A Data Process of Human Knee Joint Kinematics Obtained by Motion-Capture Measurement
Authors: Wang Jian-ping , Wang Shi-hua , Zhao Xuan , Hu Hai , Wang Yan-qing , Liu Jin-lai , Chen Xu , Li Yu
Published: August 2020

Background: The motion capture has been used as the usual method for measuring movement parameters of human, and most of the measuring data are obtained by partial manual process based on commercial software. A data process was developed for kinematics data obtain by programming on MATLAB software in this paper. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data process. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and climbing stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As followed, the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in squatting was 30.5 degrees, and the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs was 14 degrees, etc. The results of this paper also were respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, and the results were basically consistent, thus the reliability of our research method was verified. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method programmed in MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provided a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.
Is Coracoclavicular Reconstruction Necessary in Hook Plate Fixation for Acute Unstable Acromioclavicular Dislocation?
Authors: Chen Yu-Ta , Wu Kuan-Ting , Jhan Shun-Wun , Hsu Shan-Lin , Liu Hao-Chen , Wang Ching-Jen , Ko Jih-Yang , Chou Wen-Yi
Published: August 2020

Background: Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is a relatively common shoulder injury. For the treatment of cases of severe ACJ dislocation (Rockwood type III–V), hook plate fixation is an easy-to-master and minimally-invasive approach to surgical intervention. Overstress on the acromion following hook plate fixation often leads to acromial complications such as osteolysis and loss of reduction. We hypothesized that suspensory reconstruction alongside hook plate fixation might provide a superior stability and reduce complications as compared with hook plate fixation alone. The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of these two surgical modalities.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 38 patients with acute ACJ dislocation from May 2010 to December 2018. Among them, nineteen patients received hook plate fixation only (HP group), and 19 underwent concomitant hook plate fixation and loop suspension fixation with two mersilene tapes (HM group). The demographic data of the patients were recorded and analyzed. All patients underwent a shoulder x-ray initially, immediately postoperatively, and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months to measure the relative coracoclavicular distance (rCCD). Clinical assessment of shoulder function outcome was conducted using the Constant Murley Score (CMS); the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Score was also measured at the latest follow-up.Results: There were no significant differences in the demographic data between the two groups. With regards to the CMS and the UCLA score, the HM group and HP group both had excellent outcomes, and no significant differences in scores were observed between groups (CMS: 93.90 ± 6.16 versus 94.47 ± 7.26, p = 0.47; UCLA score: 32.84 ± 2.91 versus 34.32 ± 1.16, p = 0.07). However, the HM group demonstrated substantial superiority in terms of maintenance of the rCCD over the HP group (91.47 ± 27.47 versus 100.75 ± 48.70, p = 0.015). In addition, there was less subacromial osteolysis in the HM group than the HP group (52.6% versus 15.8%, p = 0.038).Conclusion: Concomitant hook plate fixation with loop suspensory reconstruction yielded excellent functional outcomes and superior maintenance of the rCCD with fewer acromion complications than hook plate fixation alone.
Effects of plant cultivars on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities associated with ginseng
Authors: Wang Huaying , Fang Xiaoxue , Wu Hao , Cai Xinyu , Xiao Hongxing
Published: August 2020

Background
There is a growing awareness of the importance of root-associated bacteria and fungi to plant growth. At present, little is known about whether different ginseng cultivars affect the soil rhizosphere microbial community.
Results
Here, we examined the changes in the microorganismal diversity and composition of the rhizospheres of different ginseng cultivars. We found that fungal communities were more influenced by the cultivars than bacterial communities and revealed differences in the microbial community composition and diversity among the different ginseng cultivars. We found that fungal diversity was negatively correlated with bacterial diversity in CBGL, JYSH and SZSZ; however, TSBT had the lowest bacterial and fungal diversity. We also discovered certain rhizosphere microorganisms that may be associated with pathogenicity and the lifespan of ginseng cultivars, including Bacillus, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium spp.
Conclusions
Our results showed that the microbial diversity and community structures under different ginseng cultivars are significantly different and are related to the host cultivar. This result is helpful in providing information that could be used for the breeding of Panax ginseng.
Correcting inaccurate background mortality in excess hazard models through breakpoints
Authors: Mba Robert Darlin , Goungounga Juste Aristide , Grafféo Nathalie , Giorgi Roch
Published: August 2020

Background : Methods for estimating relative survival are widely used in population-based cancer survival studies. These methods are based on splitting the observed (the overall) mortality into excess mortality (due to cancer) and background mortality (due to other causes, as expected in the general population). The latter is derived from life tables usually stratified by age, sex, and calendar year but not by other covariates (such as the deprivation level or the socioeconomic status) which may lack though they would influence background mortality. The absence of these covariates leads to inaccurate background mortality, thus to biases in estimating the excess mortality. These biases may be avoided by adjusting the background mortality for these covariates whenever available. Methods : In this work, we propose a regression model of excess mortality that corrects for potentially inaccurate background mortality by introducing age-dependent multiplicative parameters through breakpoints, which gives some flexibility. The performance of this model was first assessed with a single and two breakpoints in an intensive simulation study, then the method was applied to French population-based data on colorectal cancer. Results: The proposed model proved to be interesting in the simulations and the applications to real data; it limited the bias in parameter estimates of the excess mortality in several scenarios and improved the results and the generalizability of Touraine’s proportional hazards model. Conclusion: Finally, the proposed model is a good approach to correct reliably inaccurate background mortality by introducing multiplicative parameters that depend on age and on an additional variable through breakpoints.
Presence and strength of binding of IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 during CoViD-19 infection
Authors: Schasfoort Richard , Weperen Jos van , Amsterdam Margot van , Parisot Judicaël , Hendriks Jan , Koerselman Michelle , Karperien Marcel , Mentink Anouk , Bennink Martin , Krabbe Hans , Terstappen Leon , Mulder Leontine
Published: August 2020

Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) was used to determine the presence and strength of binding of IgG, IgM and IgA against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in sera of 119 CoViD-19 patients. The high-throughput assay enables to follow the specific immune response of ultimate 384 individuals for these four parameters in one run. The measured IgG, IgM and IgA levels correlated with ELISA (Euroimmun: Anti-SARS-CoV-2, IgG assay, r-0.95, ECLIA: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ig electrochemiluminescence r=0.73). During the course of the disease, the IgG levels and strength of binding increased while generally the IgM and IgA levels went down. Recovered patients all show high strength of binding of the IgG type to the RBD protein. The anti-RBD immune globulins SPRi assay provides additional insights in the immune status of patients recovering from CoViD-19 and can be applied for the assessment of the immune reaction of healthy individuals in vaccination programmes.
Efficiency of Non-invasive Prenatal Screening in Pregnant Women at Advanced Maternal Age
Authors: Zhu Hui , Jin Xiaoxiao , Xu Yuqing , Zhang Weihua , Liu Xiaodan , Jin Jinglei , Qian Yeqing , Dong Min-Yue
Published: August 2020

Background: To evaluate the efficiency of noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) in the prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidies in pregnant women at advanced maternal age (AMA). Results: From February 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018, 29,443 pregnant women at AMA underwent NIPS and followed-up were recruited. Their detailed clinical data and follow-up outcomes were collected and analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of NIPS for detecting fetal trisomy 21 were 99.11%, 99.96%, 90.98%, and 100%, respectively. These same parameters for detecting fetal trisomy 18 were 100%, 99.94%, 67.92%, and 100%, respectively. Finally, these parameters for detecting trisomy 13 were 100%, 99.96%, 27.78%, and 100%, respectively. The prevalence of fetal trisomy 21 increased with maternal age. There were significant differences in the prevalence of fetal trisomy 21 among the groups I (35-37-year-old), II (38-40-year-old) and III (41-year-old and older) ( P <0.05). Conclusion: It is indicated that NIPS is an effective prenatal screening method in pregnant women at AMA. Keywords: Advanced maternal age, Trisomy, Noninvasive prenatal screening, Fetal aneuploidies , Prenatal screening method
Self-Concept Among Infertile Women Receiving Oocyte Donation and Fertile Women
Authors: Reisi Marziye , Alidosti Masoumeh , irani Parichehr Sabaghzadeh , Asadi Leila
Published: August 2020

Background: One of the technologies used to assist fertility is oocyte donation. Although there is sufficient information about medical aspects of oocyte donation; the psychological aspects of this treatment are not well-known. Self-concept investigates psychological aspects of people and therefore the aim of this study is aimed to compare self-concept of infertile women undergoing oocyte donation and fertile women. Method: In this descriptive-analytical study, 106 women selected using convenience sampling were divided into two groups of infertile women undergoing oocyte donation and fertile women. Data gathering tool in this study was two questionnaires including demographic information questionnaire and Rogers’ standardized self-concept questionnaire. Data was analyzed using chi-square and t-test with the help of SPSS20 software. Results: The findings showed that self-concept of the majority of participants in both groups were weak. The score of infertile women undergoing oocyte donation was higher than fertile women and the difference between two groups was significant (P=0.045). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that infertility and treatment using oocyte donation weakens one’s self-concept. Therefore, it is necessary for authorities to make arrangements in order to evaluate mental health of infertile women undergoing oocyte donation.
Morphological approach focusing on the structure of the external genitalia of female Triatoma jatai, Triatoma costalimai, and Triatoma williami (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)
Authors: Teves Simone Caldas , Gonçalves Teresa Cristina Monte , de Freitas Simone Patricia Carneiro , Lopes Catarina Macedo , Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura , Santos-Mallet Jacenir Reis dos
Published: August 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Rapid establishment of a national surveillance of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Belgium
Authors: Goethem Nina Van , Vilain Aline , Wyndham-Thomas Chloé , Deblonde Jessika , Bossuyt Nathalie , Lernout Tinne , Gonzalez Javiera Rebolledo , Quoilin Sophie , Melis Vincent , Beckhoven Dominique Van
Published: August 2020

Background: In response to the COVID-19 epidemic, caused by a novel coronavirus, it was of great importance to rapidly collect as much accurate information as possible in order to characterize the public health threat and support the health authorities in its management. Hospital-based surveillance is paramount to monitor the severity of a disease in the population.Methods: Two separate surveillance systems, a Surge Capacity survey and a Clinical survey, were set up to collect complementary data on COVID-19 from Belgium’s hospitals. The Surge Capacity survey collects aggregated data to monitor the hospital capacity through occupancy rates of beds and medical devices, and to follow a set of key epidemiological indicators over time. Participation is mandatory and the daily data collection includes prevalence and incidence figures on the number of COVID-19 patients in the hospital. The Clinical survey is strongly recommended by health authorities, focusses on specific patient characteristics and relies on individual patient data provided by the hospitals at admission and discharge.Conclusions: This national double-level hospital surveillance was implemented very rapidly after the first COVID-19 patients were hospitalized and revealed to be crucial to monitor hospital capacity over time and to better understand the disease in terms of risk groups and outcomes. The two approaches are complementary and serve different needs.
Kinetic Study on the Hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate Catalyzed by g-C3N4/LaNiO3-Perovskite-type Oxides
Authors: Ye Changyu , Wang Rui , Wang Haoyu , Zhang Huixing , Jiang Fubin
Published: August 2020

LaNiO 3 -Perovskite-type oxides, as a novel hydrolytic catalyst, were synthesized using a sol-gel-calcination method, and were characterized by employing x-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). It was revealed that LaNiO 3 and 2% g-C 3 N 4 /LaNiO 3 -Perovskite-type oxides are nanoparticles about 12 nm and 10nm easily agglomerated in large amounts, and the specific surface area of LaNiO 3 is 21.277 m 2 /g and 2% g-C 3 N 4 /LaNiO 3 is 26.645 m 2 /g, respectively. The results also indicate that there are irregular microporoes in the material. In the catalytic activity test, the absorption spectra were collected when hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate (PNPP) (C PNPP =1-5×10 -5 mol/L) was catalyzed by LaNiO 3 (0.5g/L) and 2% g-C 3 N 4 /LaNiO 3 (0.5g/L) in buffer solution at different pH values (6.5-7.8), respectively. Based on the absorption spectrum data, the pseudo first-order rate constant is estimated to be 0.59min -1 and 1.14min -1 , respectively. In addition, the proposed kinetics model of this reaction was confirmed by the results of the spectrum and the calculations.
Prognostic value of the dynamic change of platelets to lymphocytes ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio for gastric cancer patients receiving curative surgery.
Authors: Basnet Shiva , Liu Nan , Jiang Qixin , Lan Hai Dan , Khadka Mamata , Gautam Nishim , Ge Hai Yan
Published: August 2020

Background: The inflammatory biomarkers play a prominent role in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer. Inflammatory response has shown to be promising candidate for monitoring the survival prediction in various cancer. Certain percent of cancer related deaths are closely associated with chronic inflammation. Our study aims to focus a precise estimation on the prognostic significance of preoperative Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelets to Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (ΔNLR) and derived Platelet to Lymphocyte ratio (ΔPLR) following gastric cancer.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients with gastric cancer in Shanghai East Hospital affiliated with Tong ji University between December 2012 and June 2015, and total 145 patients were identified eligible. NLR, PLR, Δ NLR and ΔPLR values were calculated from peripheral blood cell count taken before surgery and 6-month post-surgery. Optimal cutoff value was determined by Receiver operating curve (ROC). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the overall survival (OS) and Recurrence Free Survival (RFS). Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the prognostic factors. Continuous data with normal distribution was presented as mean ± standard deviation, and non-parametrical data were presented as median with interquartile range (IQR). Categorical data was described by frequency. The Student’s t test or one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used for comparing continuous variables whereas Fisher’s exact test or χ2 test was used for categorical dataResults: The median follow-up duration was 26 months (IQR, 17–35). Patients were stratified in two groups by NLR (≤ 2.9,>2.9) and PLR (≤ 147,>147).3 years RFS of low ΔNLR and high ΔNLR is 59.0% and 76.7% respectively. Similarly, RFS of low ΔPLR and high ΔPLR group is 58.0% and 76.2%respectively. Multivariate analysis reviled elevated PLR [HR = 1.008,95%CI = 1.002–1.014, P-value = 0.011, for OS and HR = 1.009,95%CI = 1.004–1.014, P-value = 0.001, for RFS] and ΔPLR [HR = .994,95%CI = 0.990–0.999, P-value = 0.016 for OS and HR = 0.991 95%CI = 0.987–0.996 P-value = < 0.001 for RFS] were significantly associated with OS and RFS.Conclusions: Pre-operative PLR and derived(ΔPLR) are independent prognostic factors of OS and RFS in Gastric Cancer (GC) patients undergoing radical gastrectomy. The reduction of PLR and NLR after surgery might be helpful to predict cancer recurrence in patients who have undergone gastrectomy.
Comparative Effects of Hydro-, Hormonal-, Osmotic-, and Redox-Priming on Seed Germination of Creeping Bentgrass under Optimal and Suboptimal Temperatures
Authors: Jia Kun , DaCosta Michelle , Ebdon J. Scott
Published: August 2020

Reseeding of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) under unfavorable temperature (≈10 °C) is a common practice on golf putting greens and fairways. Seed priming to enhance germination and early emergence increases seeding success. Seed priming comparing abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), glycinebetaine (GB), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) has not been investigated in turfgrass. Our objective was to compare these chemical primers at three concentrations with water- and unprimed-seed at two competing germinating temperatures (10 vs. 25 °C). Two seed lots of ‘T-1’ creeping bentgrass were compared. Curve fitting of daily germination was used to compute days to 50% germination (D50) and maximum germination percentage (Gmax). Cold (10 °C) significantly inhibited emergence (higher D50) more than Gmax. The effects of primers and their rates varied with the seed lot and temperature. Enhancement of seed germination measured as early emergence (lower D50) and/or higher Gmax were only detected at 10 °C. Osmotic primers (GB and PEG) were most effective in promoting germination relative to unprimed seed followed by hormone primers (ABA and GA) with redox primers (H2O2) least effective. Glycinebetaine primed seed was the only primer effective at all concentrations, with the 100 mм concentration the only concentration to enhance germination by increasing both Gmax and early emergence (lower D50) compared with unprimed seed.
High-Temperature Processes: Is it Time for Lithium Isotopes?
Authors: Marschall Horst R. , Tang Ming
Published: August 2020

The field of high-temperature Li isotope geochemistry has been rattled by major paradigm changes. The idea that Li isotopes could be used to trace the sources of fluids, rocks, and magmas had to be largely abandoned, because Li diffusion causes its isotopes to fractionate at metamorphic and magmatic temperatures. However, diffusive fractionation of Li isotopes can be used to determine timescales of geologic processes using arrested diffusion profiles. High diffusivity and strong kinetic isotope fractionation favors Li isotopes as a tool to constrain the durations of fast processes in the crust and mantle, where other geochronometers fall short. Time may be the parameter that high-temperature Li isotope studies will be able to shed much light on.
From Mine to Mind and Mobiles: Society’s Increasing Dependence on Lithium
Authors: Bibienne Thomas , Magnan Jean-François , Rupp Alexander , Laroche Nicolas
Published: August 2020

Lithium is everywhere. If you have a mobile phone or a laptop, you are taking advantage of one of the technological revolutions of the last 30 years: lithium-ion batteries. Lithium has long been used in pharmaceuticals and in the manufacture of grease, ceramics, and glass, but has now become the symbolic element of the current energy revolution. Lithium is ubiquitous in our society and plays a role in our lives that could not have been previously imagined. From its mining to its applications in advanced battery materials and pharmaceuticals, welcome to the lithium decade. Electric mobility will become the new normal.
Laboratory Tests on Hydraulic Lime Mortar Reinforced With Jute Fibres
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Chiumiento Giovanni , Dessì Enzo J.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Considering the high seismic vulnerability of masonry buildings located in the Italian territory, the implementation of seismic retrofit programs is strongly needed.. With consideration for sustainable interventions, it is evident that the retrofit techniques to protect the historical heritage should be carried out with innovative green compound materials, such as mortars reinforced with natural fibres.

Objective:

In the current paper, laboratory tests on lime mortars strengthened with raw jute fibres have been performed.

Methods:

The workability of the fibre-reinforced mixture has been assessed through shaking table tests, and the mechanical resistances of standard specimens have been evaluated by bending and compression tests.

Results:

Considering the hygroscopic nature of jute, it has been identified that the optimal water/lime ratio and the maximum water percentage are absorbed by jute fibres. From the results, how the spreading of the mixture, which is indicative of the mortar consistency, changes with the water/lime ratio, has been evaluated. From bending tests, the effective behaviour of fibres, which provide a stitching effect of the failure crack in the investigated fibre-reinforced lime mortars, has been observed.

Conclusion:

Finally, the results of compression tests have shown that the examined fibre-reinforced mortars can be effectively used as building products according to the actual Italian technical code NTC 2018.
Development of Mathematical Anxiety Instruments with a Rasch Model Analysis
Authors: Karlimah Karlimah , Andriani Dewi , Suryana Dodi
Published: August 2020

Background:

This study was motivated by a large number of students who feel anxious when dealing with mathematics, which is an unpleasant feeling characterized by the presence of worry, anxiety, confusion, and stress.

Objective:

This study aims to test the instruments of mathematical anxiety using Rasch Model analysis.

Materials and Methods:

The study used descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. Subjects of the study were elementary school students in grade VI SDN Margarahayu, 13 male and 5 female students in grade VI A, 9 male and 3 female students in grade VI B.

Results:

The results of the analysis show that the instrument has a poor or not maximum reliability value (α = 0.56). Likewise, the respondent's reliability value (α = 0.49) is in the weak category and the item reliability (α = 0.93) is in the excellent category.

Conclusion:

The analysis of the instrument shows that 2 items do not meet the standard criteria for the measurement, including number 16 as bias genders are more profitable for female students, and number 9 misfits because it is too difficult for most students to agree on. 3 items are categorized as very difficult, including item number P13, P11, and P12. There are 5 items in difficult category, which include numbers P9, P15, P14, P16, and P10. There are 4 items in the easy category, including P6, P5, P4, and P3. While the very easy category has 4 items, including numbers P1, P7, P2, and P8.
Underground Roundabouts: Analysis of Several Layouts for A Case Study in Urban Area
Authors: Guerrieri Marco , Sartori Matteo
Published: August 2020

Background:

Roundabouts eliminate some of the most complex and dangerous aspects of traditional at-grade road intersections. In recent times, novel two-level roundabout layouts have been proposed (i.e. target-roundabout and four-flyover roundabout). Nevertheless, no research on underground roundabouts is available. This paper analyzed the underground roundabout planned in the city of Trento (Italy).

Objective:

The paper examines an underground roundabout in an urban context, planned with the purpose of alleviating traffic congestion in the city of Trento (Italy). Four different layouts have been studied.

Methods and Results:

This study was conducted with the help of traffic microsimulation in the AIMSUN environment. The traffic model was calibrated using GEH index. The simulated queues are significantly close to the real queues measured in the year 2020.

Conclusion:

Underground roundabout can reduce queues, travel times, fuel consumption, air pollutant emissionsetc. This particular type of roundabout could be used in urban contexts with a traffic demand and congestion problems comparable to those of the present study.