bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eko-efisiensi, Arus Kas Dari Aktivitas Operasi, Pengungkapan Akuntansi Lingkungan : Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan
Authors: Nining Asniar Ridzal  , Alimuddin  , Nadhirah Nagu  , Afdal Madein
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan bukti empiris tentang  penerapan eko efisiensi, aktivitas operasi, dan pengungkapan  akuntansi lingkungan dampaknya terhadap kinerja keuangan (ROA) pada perusahaan sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dari tahun 2020   hingga 2022. Populasi  penelitian ini adalah seluruh  perusahaan sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia berjumlah 91 perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan  sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel yang ditetapkan berjumlah  12 Perusahaan. Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data  kuantitatif. Sumber data yakni data sekunder, berupa data laporan keuangan tahunan (annual report). Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dengan software Statistical Package for the Sosial Sciences (SPSS). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan eko-efisiensi tidak memengaruhi kinerja keuangan (ROA) dengan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari 0.05 yaitu 0,485 yang memberikan bukti    tentang penerapan eko-efisiensi belum mampu berjalan secara efektif dalam mendukung hasil  kinerja keuangan. Arus kas aktivitas operasi memengaruhi kinerja keuangan (ROA), diperoleh nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0.05 yaitu 0,000 yang berarti bahwa aktivitas yang timbul karena adanya kegiatan-kegiatan produksi barang dan jasa yang memberikan kontribusi bagi penambahan nilai arus kas operasi yang dibandingkan dengan kewajiban lancar suatu perusahaan. Pengungkapan akuntansi lingkungan memengaruhi kinerja keuangan (ROA), diperoleh nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0.010 yang berarti pengalokasian biaya pencegahan, pengurangan dan atau penghindaran dampak terhadap lingkungan. Biaya-biaya yang dikeluarkan perusahaan sebagai bentuk pengalokasian, pencegahan dan untuk menghindari dampak lingkungan tersebut dapat berdampak positif bagi kinerja keuangan perusahaan.
СПЕЦИФІКА ВИКЛАДАННЯ ІСТОРІЇ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: DIMITROV Y.
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено специфіку викладання історії України в умовах сучасних швидкісних трансформацій нашої держави зокрема і світу загалом. Проаналізовано глобалізаційні процеси в економіці, політиці, культурі, науці й освіті, які впливають на перебіг подій в нашій країні та за кордоном. Окреслено значення нових технологій в навчанні, переваги й недоліки значної кількості інформації, що перешкоджає цілісному й неупередженому баченню постаті чи явища через надмір псевдоматеріалів.
З’ясовано головні виклики для викладача дисципліни, що полягають у постійному оновленні освітніх програм і навчальних матеріалів, підвищення власного рівня обізнаності, врахуванні розмаїтих поглядів на певну подію під час аналізу колізії, дотримання паритету протягом обговорень, індивідуального підходу, оскільки студенти мають різний досвід, ерудованість, виховання, морально-етичні цінності й переконання.
Доведено негативну роль емоційних чинників, які заважають об’єктивному осмисленню історичних процесів і явищ. Встановлено потребу актуалізації сьогочасних проблем крізь призму «минуле – теперішнє – майбутнє».
РІВЕНЬ СПІЛКУВАННЯ ЯК ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ РЕСУРС
Authors: NAUMENKO N. , SHELESTOVA O.
Published: June 2024

У сучасному світі, де спілкування відіграє ключову роль, рівень культури спілкування стає важливим психологічним ресурсом. У статті виокремлено важливі аспекти культури спілкування, враховуючи історію, традиції, ідентичність і культурні коди, підкреслено вплив цих аспектів на налагодження зв'язків, розв'язання конфліктів та досягання успіху в особистому та професійному житті. У сучасному змінному світі важливо знайти баланс між збереженням традицій та відкритістю до нових ідей та культурних обмінів. Трансформація культурної ідентичності може стати стимулом для розвитку і вдосконалення суспільства, адаптуючись до змін у соціокультурному середовищі. Крім того, саме освіта є ключовим фактором у розвитку культурної ідентичності та суспільства загалом.
Differences in Cerebrospinal Fluid Glucose Levels in Meningitis Patients Based on Examination Time: A Single Center Observational Study at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Haryando Herpika Septi , Elfira Yusri  , Desywar
Published: June 2024

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a vital fluid in the central nervous system that can provide important diagnostic information, especially in cases of meningitis. CSF glucose is one of the key parameters that can help in the diagnosis and monitoring of the patient's condition. However, the stability of glucose in the CSF after sampling is of concern due to the potential for levels to decrease over time.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang between May and August 2023. CSF samples from patients with suspected meningitis were checked for glucose levels at three time points: the first 1 hour, 2 hours, and 4 hours after sample collection. Patients with puncture trauma and late delivery of samples (more than 30 minutes) were excluded.
Results: This study involved [number of patients] CSF samples that met the inclusion criteria. The mean decrease in CSF glucose levels between the 1-hour and 2-hour examination was 5.667 mg/dL (±0.75 mg/dL), while between 1 hour and 4 hours, it was 12.183 mg/dL (±1.549 mg/dL). Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p < 0.001) between the three examination time points.
Conclusion: Glucose levels in the CSF of meningitis patients decreased significantly over time after sampling. This emphasizes the importance of checking CSF glucose as soon as possible to obtain accurate results and avoid misinterpretation in the diagnosis and treatment of meningitis.
Risk Assessment Maturity Level of Academic Information System Using ISO 27001 System Security Engineering-Capability Maturity Model
Authors: Nurbojatmiko Nurbojatmiko , Aini Qurrotul , Wasiqi Nabil Cahya , Alfajri Muhammad Fitra , Ulinnuha Zahra , Purwati Yuni Kurnia , Ayu Indah Kusuma , Yasmin Natasya Aurora
Published: June 2024

Risk measurement from standard operating procedures implemented by an institution determines the level of maturity of a service system at that institution. The government's determination of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education consists of education and teaching, research, and community service. These activities must be implemented in the academic information system of every university in Indonesia. Appropriate and fast academic services depend on information technology and adequate and trained human resources (HR). Factors that influence information system security determine the stability of application services. The ISO/IEC 27001:2005 standard is an international benchmark for measuring the level of maturity and security risks of an application. Risk assessment in standard operating procedures in organizations can use the ISO/IEC 27001 standard. This research aims to determine the current level of Academic Information System (AIS) service by measuring maturity and security risks. Three clauses measure the maturity level of information security controls with the ISO 27001 System Security Engineering-Capability Maturity Model (SSE-CMM). These research respondents are educational work units at the Science and Technology Faculty in UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. This research method uses quantitative research methods. This research results show the maturity level of information security in the academic information system based on three clauses as the embodiment of the stability of the academic administration activities services at the Science and Technology Faculty. The measurement results reveal that the average score of information security controls on AIS is 3.51, which means good or average standard processing has been carried out following procedures.
Agro-Food Supply Chain Risk Assessment: A Review Based on Technique and Approach
Authors: Paillin Daniel Bunga , Machfud Machfud , Hardjomidjojo Hartrisari , Romli Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Risk assessment in agro-food supply chains is crucial in managing the complexity and uncertainty associated with food product production, distribution, and consumption. This study aims to classify risks and mapping techniques or approaches used in risk assessment of agro-food product supply chains. Mapping technique or approaches to risk assessment of agro-food supply chains was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework, which consists of several stages of identification, screening eligibility, and inclusion, resulting in a total of 72 relevant journal articles. They were selected from 58 different journals with high-impact factors and rankings. The literature review results show that agro-food's supply chain risk classification has much to do with risk assessment: macro-level risk, operational risk outside the company, and internal risk. Furthermore, the most studied agro-food products are general food (44%), horticultural products (28%), meat products (11%), dairy products (10%), fishery products (6%) and bread products (1%). The techniques and approaches most widely used in assessing the risk of the agro-food supply chain are semi-quantitative (49.3%), quantitative (31.5%), mixed (12.3%), and qualitative (6.9%). A better knowledge of the topic being addressed in the research community is sped up by identifying these techniques and approaches since the literature on supply chain risk management for agro-food is voluminous, complicated, and challenging to grasp.
Effect of High Temperature Heating on Chemical Compounds in Magnesium Composite Materials
Authors: Ruzuqi Rezza , Maryanto Eko Tavip
Published: June 2024

The development of magnesium composite-based seawater battery anode technology is actively pursued, especially in its ability to transmit and store electrical energy. However, many overlook the possibility that significant temperature changes during the process may lead to chemical compound alterations, potentially affecting the battery's performance. Therefore, this research examines the changes in chemical compounds in magnesium composite-based seawater battery anodes caused by high temperatures. In this study, the synthesis process of magnesium composite material composed of MgAlSnMn with variations of Manganese (wt.-%) 14.8, 15, 15.2, 15.4, 15.6. Then it was milled for 60 minutes. Next, the materials were pelletized using a manual compacting machine with a diameter and compressive strength of 10 mm and 150 kg/cm2 respectively. After that, all materials were sintered at 7500C with a muffle furnace for 60 minutes. In this study, XRD equipment was utilized to determine chemical compound changes. The results indicate that magnesium composite materials undergo significant chemical compound alterations at high temperatures, including MgO (Magnesium Oxide Periclase), Al18Mg3Mn2, and the remaining Al elements. This could potentially disrupt the performance of seawater batteries when applied. It is hoped that further research will be conducted in the future to enhance the quality and performance of the product.
Preparation, Synthesis and Characterization of La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 Alloy
Authors: Ramlan Ramlan , Husaini Fatma , Setiawan Jan , Susetyo Ferry Budhi , Notonegoro Hamdan Akbar , Simbolon Silviana , Nanto Dwi , Yunasfi Yunasfi
Published: June 2024

Magnetic particles have been used for hyperthermia by inserting ferromagnetic material into tumor tissue. La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 is one of the best candidates for hyperthermia due to higher magnetic at ambient temperature and their Curie temperature easily adjusted. This research synthesized La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 using the ball milling technique. Several heat treatments were also conducted after ball milling processing. Various investigations, including SEM-EDS, XRD, DSC, and VSM, were conducted. LaMnO3 has a hexagonal structure, which has the space group R -3 c. From the diffraction pattern seen in LaMnO3 and La0.9Sr0.1MnO3 seen at angles 32.376 and 32.706, it looks separate like the database diffraction pattern. In La0.9Sr0.1MnO3, these two peaks are seen to be increasingly separated. In contrast to the diffraction patterns of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 at an angle of 32.376, there is a decrease in intensity. The specific heat capacity of the alloy with Sr substitution of 0.3 has a greater value than that without substitution and the lowest occurs in the alloy with Sr substitution of 0.1. The magnetization value for Sr substitution is 0.3 higher than for other alloys.
A First-Passage-Time Problem for a Discrete-Time Markov Process
Authors: Lefebvre Mario
Published: June 2024

We consider the discrete-time stochastic process {Xn, n = 0, 1, . . .} defined by Xn+1 = Xn − ϵn+1, where ϵn+1 is a non-negative random variable. The aim is to compute the mean first-passage time to zero for this process, which can be used as a model for the remaining lifetime of a machine. Particular cases are solved exactly and explicitly.
Valoración de Tratamientos Orgánicos para el Control de Mosquita Blanca (Bemisia tabaci) en Habanero (Capsicum chinense) a Campo Abierto
Authors: Pérez López Emanuel , Bolaños Virgen Lorena Guadalupe , Muraira Soto Mercedes , Mora Solís Roberto P. , Rodriguez Roy Sergio , Aguirre Alonso Ruben Onofre
Published: June 2024

El proyecto de investigación se realizó con el propósito de evaluar tratamientos orgánicos para el control de la mosquita blanca (Bemisia tabaci) en el cultivo de chile habanero (Capsicum chinense) a través de métodos caseros y económicos; empleando principios de agroecología, con el fin de reducir la brecha de la dependencia de productos químicos en los insumos primarios de la producción agrícola, el primer método consistió en el caldo sulfocálcico, un producto utilizado principalmente como fungicida, aplicado en hojas del cultivo para eliminar plagas; el segundo fue el repelente a base de orégano (Origanum vulgare Mill) aplicado de manera foliar. El ensayo consistió en tres tratamientos con el testigo, con 80 repeticiones (plantas) de cada uno, desarrollado en un diseño experimental en parcelas completamente al azar, a los resultados obtenidos se les aplicó un análisis de varianza y un aprueba de Tukey con 0.95 de confiabilidad; desarrollado en InfoStat v. 2022 en donde, los resultados de control y repelencia mostraron que los tratamientos son diferentes; y en la producción, el repelente de orégano (T2) mostró una diferencia estadística respecto a los otros dos tratamientos, por lo que se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa.
Atención de Conductas Disruptivas en Texcoco: Interés Superior de la Infancia y Autoorganización Escolar
Authors: Hernández Meneses Coral Marlen , Calvo Saavedra Juan Carlos
Published: June 2024

La investigación examinó las conductas disruptivas desde una perspectiva cualitativa. Se utilizaron estrategias metodológicas como la revisión documental, la perspectiva docente y la observación de clases para describir las condiciones en las que se manifiestan estas conductas en alumnos de 6 a 12 años, específicamente de la Zona Escolar P160 de Educación Básica del Municipio de Texcoco, Estado de México. Se encontró que las conductas indisciplinadas son más comunes en el sector público, destacando la desobediencia y la falta de respeto a las normas como las más frecuentes. Las estrategias docentes incluyeron empatía, respeto, diálogo y escucha activa, aunque no mostraron resultados satisfactorios. Los participantes de la investigación fueron capacitados por parte de los responsables del proyecto en coordinación con el Centro Regional de Formación Docente e Investigación Educativa, para el abordaje del fenómeno objeto de investigación. Este estudio resalta la importancia de la formación docente y la actualización continua para afrontar eficazmente conductas disruptivas y conformar espacios áulicos libres de violencia.
The Quality of Life and Perceived Level of Stress among Mothers of Children with Congenital Heart Disease, in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasekara C. P. D. , Pushpamali H. D. A. U. , Fernando C. A. , Jayamaha A. R. , Dharmarathna H. H. N. D.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common among all congenital defects, with Asia reporting the highest prevalence. The experience of having a child with CHD can induce stress levels and significantly compromise the quality of life (QOL) of the parents. Objective: To determine the quality of life and perceived level of stress among mothers of children with congenital heart diseases, in Sri Lanka. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 75 mothers who sought treatment for a child with CHD at the cardiology clinic of Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Sri Lanka. The QOL was measured using the Brief Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) scale, while the level of stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics via IBM SPSS version 25. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of KIU (KIU/ERC/19/42). Results: Among the participants, most of the mothers were Sinhalese (n=64, 85%) and Buddhists (n=55, 73%). Nearly half of the respondents (n=39, 52%) had education up to senior secondary level (G.C.E. O/L). Most of the participants were married (n=66, 88%) and unemployed (n=43, 57%). Only 29% (n=22) reported their QOL was at a good level, and 41% (n=31) were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with their general health. Also, 67% of them (n=50) experienced moderate perceived stress. Further, the physical health domain (p≤0.001), psychological domain (p=0.004), social relationship domain (p≤0.001) and environment domain (p=0.001) of QOL were significantly associated with perceived stress levels. Conclusion: Most mothers of children with CHD exhibited poor QOL and experienced high levels of perceived stress. Perceived stress demonstrates a significant association with physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental QOL domains. In that context, interventions aimed at enhancing QOL and mitigating stress levels should be implemented for mothers of children with CHD.
Customer Satisfaction as a Mediator for the Influencer and Word of Mouth on Online Purchase Decisions for Fashion Products in Denpasar City
Authors: FERAYANTI Kadek Dewi , WAHYUNI Ni Made , LAKSMI Putu Ayu Sita
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of customer satisfaction in mediating influencers and electronic word of mouth on online purchasing decisions for fashion products in Denpasar City. Data collection was carried out through surveys using questionnaires. The population in this study was adjusted to the analysis model used, namely Partial Least Square, with sample determination using the Hair formula. The sample in this study was 90 respondents from the people of Denpasar City who made online purchases of fashion products. The data analysis technique used is SEM PLS analysis. The research results show that influencers have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Influencers have a positive but not significant effect on purchasing decisions. Word of mouth has a positive but not significant effect on customer satisfaction. Word of mouth has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Customer satisfaction mediates the influence of influencers on purchasing decisions. Customer satisfaction mediates the influence of word of mouth on purchasing decisions.
Religious Tolerance: A Panacea for Social Development in Nigeria
Authors: Tomilayo Akindele Iyiola , Adesoye Olayode Kayode , Kehinde Ekanade Israel , Mphephu Pelewe
Published: June 2024

Man is a social being whose inter and intra-personal existence cannot be extricated from cohabiting with others within the society in which he finds himself. Man’s existence starts from fostering mutual relations with members of his immediate family and groups outside his family to members of the larger society/nation he identifies with as a citizen. Therefore, his belief in any creed or faith (religion) is a sign that man’s social contact within society reflects his exemplification of God, who is a just being. This paper adopted two methodological approaches- The functionalist approach emphasizes the contributions made by each component to the total and the interdependence between society’s constituent parts. The research attested that religion is often, and rightly, seen as a semi-autonomous social space that resembles others; it is also closely related to the economic structure of society. The second approach is a sociology of religion approach, which discusses religion within the framework of a particular people group as a human and cultural phenomenon. This article mainly focused on promoting peace in Nigeria, even during the building or consolidating of democratic institutions. In theoretical explanation, therefore, this paper expounds on how it makes a big difference in a society of peace and tranquillity and the workings of the democratic institutional framework. It is hoped that the leadership of our dear nation will be directed towards attaining peace and security across diverse Nigerian ethnic races or groups in such a way that religious tolerance will not breed hatred and enmity whatsoever to all citizens. Thus, development in whatever ramification is yearned for in this democratic dispensation would not be an illusion or wishful expectation but requires acceptance of everyone from all climes of life, race, creed, or ethnicity.

Keywords: Peace, Harmony, Inter-religious Relationships, Co-existence, State and Development
The Adversities of Secondary Parenting faced by the Older Persons in Alice, South Africa: Social Work implications
Authors: Kang’ethe Simon Murote
Published: June 2024

The phenomenon of secondary parenting, in some contexts, presents both a pernicious and a perfidious experience to older persons who should be enjoying their sunset years with some level of relief and respite. The study aimed to explore the adversities experienced by the older persons linked to Lavela Old Age Centre, in Alice South Africa. The study took the form of community engagement sessions. Data was collected from 12 older persons linked to the Centre. Findings established that secondary parenting was burdensome, exacerbated their states of poverty, and was riddled with various health deficits among the grandparents, pockets of conflicts, and care deficits of their grandchildren. The study recommended that the older persons need to be assisted to facilitate stress-free secondary parenting so that they can enjoy old age respite; the younger generation should not leave the burden of caring for their children to the older persons; and all and sundry need to recognise that the task was stressing the health and wellbeing of the older persons. Social workers are called upon to strengthen their advocacy skills imploring the societies, NGOs, and the government to increase assistance to the older persons to carry a stress-free secondary parenting and enjoy successful ageing. The study advises the younger generation not to leave their responsibilities of taking care of their children to the older persons. The study also adds literature to the domain of gerontology as well as rings the bell for policymakers to understand and address the plight of secondary parenting as an exploitative endeavour for older persons.

Keywords: Sunset Years, Community Engagements, Health Deficits, Care Respite, Aging, Older Persons
Reflexiones sobre las actuales amenazas a la democracia
Authors: Forsyth Harold
Published: June 2024

Las expectativas crecientes e insatisfechas, las promesas electorales incumplidas, el desgate de los discursos políticos, la persistente corrupción en diversos grados de la actividad pública y privada, la polarización de los discursos políticos, entre otros factores, han ido mellando la legitimidad de las democracias y han permitido la expansión de discursos intolerantes, autoritarios, así como han cultivado prácticas que tienden a restringir derechos. Anotamos algunas reflexiones acerca de las más visibles amenazas que afrontan los regímenes democráticos, luego de abordar brevemente algunos conceptos fundamentales sobre la noción de democracia y gobernabilidad.
Acuerdos internacionales relacionados con las migraciones
Authors: Maúrtua de Romaña Oscar
Published: June 2024

El Perú es parte de diversos tratados, a nivel global, regional y bilateral, que le generan obligaciones específicas con la población migrante. Si bien existe una normativa relaciona-da a los derechos humanos de los migrantes, todo migrante que llega a un país debe respetar las leyes nacionales. En el presente artículo abordamos los acuerdos y convenios internacionales que competen tener en cuenta al Estado peruano.
Relaciones Perú - África Subsahariana, proyecciones, oportunidades y agenda pendiente
Authors: Rubio Correa Jorge Félix
Published: June 2024

África Subsahariana es una región que ha tenido 25 años de constante crecimiento, únicamente detenido durante la pandemia. Es una zona del mundo en la que se observa una gran presencia y competencia internacional, entre las grandes potencias para realizar inversiones de diversa índole y ampliar su hegemonía y, entre el resto de los países, para hacer negocios. Pese a que empresarios privados peruanos vienen trabajando hace dos décadas en la región, nuestro país tiene una presencia muy limitada en África Subsahariana y debe ampliarla, a través del establecimiento de otra embajada y más concurrencias, para estar en mejores condiciones de proteger a nuestros connacionales, captar oportunidades y promover los intereses nacionales.
primer gobierno de Evo Morales y el MAS en Bolivia
Authors: Rojas Samanez Fernando
Published: June 2024

La victoria electoral en el año 2005 de Evo Morales y de su partido político, el Movimiento al Socialismo, MAS en Bolivia, culminó un proceso demovilización y organización política de varios años, originado en los departamento de La Paz, Oruro y Cochabamba, protagonizado por sectores sociales indígenas en la zona andina del país asociados con organizaciones de izquierda y se efectuó en el marco de un proceso democrático convencional con participación ciudadana. Significó la ruptura de regímenes políticos de partidos considerados “tradicionales” y la asunción al gobierno de un movimiento popular social étnico cultural y fundamentalmente indígena para transformar la estructura socio económica del país, antiliberal y marcadamente nacionalista y dirigido a crear un Estado Plurinacional. El liderazgo del presidente Evo Morales, dirigente histórico de los productores de hoja de coca y activo sindicalista, es fundamental y ha trascendido largamente al país, proyectándose al entorno regional, principalmente al Perú en la zona vecina andina, incluso con actos de injerencia repetidos y con evidente interés en reproducir el proceso.
efectos del conflicto Rusia-Ucrania en Latinoamérica desde el derecho internacional público
Authors: Mendoza Escalante Pablo Ricardo , Subía Cabrera Andrea Carolina , Laguna Bustos Rolando Clemente
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se analizó el conflicto armado entre Rusia y Ucrania respecto a sus efectos políticos y económicos en Latinoamérica desde el derecho internacional público; en función del impacto de aspectos internacionales como el reacomodo geopolítico mundial, las relaciones internacionales en los distintos mercados, la generación de nuevas alianzas regionales. En base a ello, se plantearon como objetivos, identificar las características de los conflictos bélicos desde el derecho internacional, caracterizar el conflicto Rusia-Ucrania desde una visión geopolítica y, finalmente, analizar los efectos de este conflicto en algunos países de América Latina desde febrero de 2022. Se utilizó la investigación documental con enfoque cualitativo descriptivo y analítico. Como hallazgos, destacan la reaparición de huellas de la guerra fría, pero con matices actuales con nuevas alianzas como sur global y el uso de las tecnologías que influyen decisivamente en el nuevo paradigma de los conflictos armados. Se concluyó que, en América Latina, los efectos económicos y políticos se concentran en la dinámica del sistema internacional de pagos; la cotización de la energía y el petróleo; así como en la soberanía alimentaria de los Estados.
Preliminares
Authors: Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Internacional
Published: June 2024

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The ‘other’ in images from the Portuguese Colonial War
Authors: Caldeira Clara
Published: June 2024

This article analyses the construction of the ‘other’ in photographs of the Portuguese Colonial War and its relation with the traumatic memory of the conflict and coloniality itself. Political and cultural dimensions associated with this particular context of the relation with the ‘other’ – interracial violence, the ideological frame of the Portuguese colonial regime influenced by Luso-tropicalism, and the experience of these contradictions in a war situation – constitute traumatic memories that have been made silent and socially invisible after the transition to a democratic and non-colonialist regime. This article wishes to critically revisit images kept in private collections owned by Portuguese soldiers, where the ‘other’ is represented as the violent and primitive enemy as well as the gentle colonized ally and object of the social action of the troops. It intends to explore the conditions of production of those photographs, their performative materiality, their political use at the time, and the cultural matrices that frame them. The article is grounded in the idea of photography as mediator of postmemory, fundamental for the negotiation of meanings and the cultural integration of the trauma related to the colonial experience and its ambiguities, into the individual and collective representation of the war.
Surrogation as intergenerational transmission of memory
Authors: de Menezes Alison Ribeiro
Published: June 2024

This article examines the intergenerational transmission of cultural memory in Spain and Portugal and the role of gendered perspectives in opening up discussions about the legacies of the past. Drawing on Marianne Hirsch’s notion of surrogation as an alternative mode of intergenerational transfer, it explores how works by Pedro Almodóvar and Inês Pedrosa challenge heteronormative conceptions of cultural transmission through disrupted and displaced lineages. These works thus undermine Francoist and Salazarist notions of the family unit as the inherent foundation of the nation.
Henry David Thoreau en temps de crise sanitaire et environnementale: une lecture utopique des périodiques francophones au Québec
Authors: Janelle Juliette
Published: June 2024

En mars 2020, Louis Hamelin, écrivain québécois associé au genre du
nature writing
, raconte, dans
Le Devoir
, son rapport à la pandémie en relisant Henry David Thoreau: il le considère comme « une sorte de prophète de la “distanciation physique” » (2020a). Pendant la même période, Yves Bergeras et Normand Provencher présentent
Walden
de Henry David Thoreau parmi les classiques à consommer durant la Covid (2020, 7). Malgré le contexte de la pandémie et de la crise environnementale, l’ « existence vécue dans la plus parfaite simplicité » de Thoreau, comme le souligne Provencher (
ibid
.), trouve de l’écho au Québec. Dans
Walden
, Thoreau rencontre Alek Therien, bûcheron canadien-français: « un homme qui se tient debout et qui continue d’entretenir des rêves fous », comme l’indique Marc Chabot (Thoreau 1982, 118–119). La traduction d’
Un Yankee au Canada
en 1962 révèle un lien idéalisé entre Thoreau et le Québec. J’émets l’hypothèse que sa représentation utopique continue durant la pandémie, permettant au Québec de questionner son américanité, son nationalisme et sa responsabilité environnementale. Dans le cadre de cet article, je me concentrerai sur les périodiques afin de montrer la représentation de Thoreau que se fait le Québec francophone à partir de 2020. Je commencerai par une rétrospective des publications périodiques antérieures. Ensuite, je reviendrai aux temps de la pandémie et du réchauffement climatique, afin de montrer comment Thoreau a une influence utopique sur le Québec en temps de crise, notamment avec l’avènement du
nature writing
.
Objectif Katahdin
de Daniel Léger: à la découverte du sentier des Appalaches, dans les pas de Henry David Thoreau
Authors: Destrempes Hélène
Published: June 2024

Lorsque Daniel Léger, cet artiste multidisciplinaire du Nouveau-Brunswick, entreprend sa longue traversée du chemin des Appalaches, en l’an 2000, du mont Springer (Géorgie) au mont Katahdin (Maine), il s’attend bien à découvrir une faune humaine et animale, témoignant de réalités autres au contact desquelles il espère trouver sa voie, mais, six mois de marche plus tard, il semble avoir découvert bien plus que ça. Outre le dépassement de soi et la profonde humanité du milieu des randonneurs, il s’est également imprégné de l’esprit des lieux et des écrits dont les diverses inscriptions balisent le long sentier comme autant de lieux de mémoire littéraires devenus indissociables de ces espaces à la fois pérennes de nature mais transitoires dans leur usage. Parmi ces derniers, les œuvres de Thoreau, que Daniel Léger connaît peu au début de son périple, prennent une importance grandissante, alors qu’il s’arrête pour lire et réfléchir aux citations qu’il découvre le long du sentier et dans les échanges épistolaires qu’il entretient avec divers correspondants. « Depuis que j’ai commencé à marcher sur le sentier, ce philosophe en particulier me hante. […] [D]es randonneurs me disent que ma façon de voir le Monde est semblable à la sienne. À certains lieux sur le sentier, on le cite comme s’il était une référence. Qui est-il au juste? » (Léger 2015, 196). Le but de cet article sera justement de mettre au jour les espaces de confluence et l’inscription de la pensée du célèbre transcendentaliste dans le récit de voyage
Objectif Katahdin,
que Daniel Léger publie en 2015 et qui témoigne tant du périple physique que de l’aventure intérieure de l’auteur.
A REVIEW OF MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING METHODS FOR BUILDING ASSESSMENT, SELECTION, AND RETROFIT
Authors: Villalba Paola , Sánchez-Garrido Antonio J. , Yepes Víctor
Published: June 2024

Multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) has experienced significant growth in recent years, owing to its capacity to integrate even contradictory criteria. This study conducted a comprehensive literature review of MCDM for assessing, selecting, and retrofitting buildings. The bibliometric search used a search algorithm in specialized databases. A filtering and expansion process was done by reviewing references, and 91 relevant articles were selected. The analysis revealed that in a group of studies, socioeconomic criteria were used to assess the vulnerability of buildings. On the other hand, some research integrated the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, social, and environmental) along with safety considerations when identifying optimal retrofit alternatives. Classic MCDMs are prevalent in research within this field. Among the most used methods, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed for criteria weighting, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) for constructing vulnerability indices, and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for building retrofitting. This literature review contributes to the path toward a holistic renovation of the existing building stock, providing recommendations for future research to improve decision-making solutions for integrating the safety and sustainability of existing buildings.
The Galaxies Missed by Hubble and ALMA: The Contribution of Extremely Red Galaxies to the Cosmic Census at 3 < z < 8
Authors: Williams Christina C. , Alberts Stacey , Ji Zhiyuan , Hainline Kevin N. , Lyu Jianwei , Rieke George , Endsley Ryan , Suess Katherine A. , Sun Fengwu , Johnson Benjamin D. , Florian Michael , Shivaei Irene , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Baker William M. , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Boyett Kristan , Bunker Andrew J. , Cameron Alex J. , Carniani Stefano , Charlot Stephane , Curtis-Lake Emma , DeCoursey Christa , de Graaff Anna , Egami Eiichi , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Gibson Justus L. , Hausen Ryan , Helton Jakob M. , Maiolino Roberto , Maseda Michael V. , Nelson Erica J. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Rieke Marcia J. , Robertson Brant E. , Saxena Aayush , Tacchella Sandro , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Willott Chris J.
Published: June 2024

Using deep JWST imaging from JADES, JEMS, and SMILES, we characterize optically faint and extremely red galaxies at z > 3 that were previously missing from galaxy census estimates. The data indicate the existence of abundant, dusty, and poststarburst-like galaxies down to 108
M
⊙, below the sensitivity limit of Spitzer and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Modeling the NIRCam and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry of these red sources can result in extremely high values for both stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR); however, including seven MIRI filters out to 21 μm results in decreased masses (median 0.6 dex for

log

10

(

M

∗

/

M

⊙

)

> 10) and SFRs (median 10× for SFR > 100 M
⊙ yr−1). At z > 6, our sample includes a high fraction of “little red dots” (LRDs; NIRCam-selected dust-reddened active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates). We significantly measure older stellar populations in the LRDs out to rest-frame 3 μm (the stellar bump) and rule out a dominant contribution from hot dust emission, a signature of AGN contamination to stellar population measurements. This allows us to measure their contribution to the cosmic census at z > 3, below the typical detection limits of ALMA (L
IR < 1012
L
⊙). We find that these sources, which are overwhelmingly missed by HST and ALMA, could effectively double the obscured fraction of the star formation rate density at 4 < z < 6 compared to some estimates, showing that prior to JWST, the obscured contribution from fainter sources could be underestimated. Finally, we identify five sources with evidence for Balmer breaks and high stellar masses at 5.5 < z < 7.7. While spectroscopy is required to determine their nature, we discuss possible measurement systematics to explore with future data.
Toward Unveiling Cosmic Reionization: The Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency (ξ
ion) of Low-mass Hα Emitters at z ∼ 2.3
Authors: Chen Nuo , Motohara Kentaro , Spitler Lee , Nakajima Kimihiko , Terao Yasunori
Published: June 2024

We investigate the galaxy properties of ∼400 low-mass (<109
M
⊙) Hα emitters (HAEs) at z ∼ 2.3 in the ZFOURGE survey. The selection of these HAEs is based on the excess in the observed K

s
broadband flux compared to the stellar continuum estimated from the best-fit spectral energy distribution. These low-mass HAEs have elevated SFR(Hα) above the star formation main sequence, making them potential analogs of the galaxies that reionized the Universe during the Epoch of Reionization. The ionizing photon production efficiencies (ξ
ion) of the low-mass HAEs have a median value of

log
(

ξ

ion

/

erg

−
1

Hz
)
=

25.24

−
0.13

+
0.10

(

25.35

−
0.15

+
0.12

)

, assuming the Calzetti (SMC) curve for the stellar continuum dust correction. This value is higher than that of main-sequence galaxies by ∼0.2 dex at similar redshift, indicating that the low-mass HAEs are more efficient in producing ionizing photons. Our results also consolidate the trend of increasing ξ
ion with redshift, but reveal a “downsizing” relationship between ξ
ion and stellar mass (M
⊙) with increasing redshift. We further explore the dependence of ξ
ion on other galaxy properties, such as the UV spectral slope (β
UV), the UV magnitude (M
UV), and the equivalent widths of Hα and [O iii] emission lines. Galaxies with bluer UV slopes, fainter UV luminosities, and higher equivalent widths exhibit elevated ξ
ion by a factor of ∼2 compared to the median ξ
ion of our sample. JWST data will provide an opportunity to extend our method and further investigate the properties of low-mass galaxies at high redshifts.
Advancing Solar Energetic Particle Event Prediction through Survival Analysis and Cloud Computing. I. Kaplan–Meier Estimation and Cox Proportional Hazards Modeling
Authors: Jackson India , Martens Petrus
Published: June 2024

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) pose significant challenges to technology, astronaut health, and space missions. This initial paper in our two-part series undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the time to detection for SEPs, applying advanced statistical techniques and cloud-computing resources to deepen our understanding of SEP event probabilities over time. We employ a range of models encompassing nonparametric, semiparametric, and parametric approaches, such as the Kaplan–Meier estimator and Cox Proportional Hazards models. These are complemented by various distribution models—including exponential, Weibull, lognormal, and log-logistic distributions—to effectively tackle the challenges associated with “censored data,” a common issue in survival analysis. Employing Amazon Web Services and Python’s “lifelines” and “scikit-survival” libraries, we efficiently preprocess and analyze large data sets. This methodical approach not only enhances our current analysis, but also sets a robust statistical foundation for the development of predictive models, which will be the focus of the subsequent paper. In identifying the key determinants that affect the timing of SEP detection, we establish the vital features that will inform the machine-learning (ML) techniques explored in the second paper. There, we will utilize advanced ML models—such as survival trees and random survival forests—to evolve SEP event prediction capabilities. This research is committed to advancing space weather, strengthening the safety of space-borne technology, and safeguarding astronaut health.
How can taxonomists’ work be valued? A ORCID based strategy
Authors: Peixoto Pedro
Published: June 2024

The Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) is a number linked exclusively to researchers, enabling their unequivocal identification. Therefore, this communication proposes that taxonomists, when consulting, can increase their visibility and importance. The proposal highlights the difficulty in tracking down work in which a professional has contributed to the correct identification of species. The suggestion is to include ORCID in specific paragraphs, footnotes, or metadata of the taxonomist's articles, not as the main author, but in their advisory role when applicable. This would be a way of clearly linking the work of the taxonomist to the article in question, highlighting their contribution to the taxonomic identification process. This practice could facilitate the recognition and correct attribution of credit to professionals involved in taxonomic activities.
Study of cobalt ions diffusion in calcium orthovanadate crystal
Authors: Voronina Irina S. , Dunaeva Elizaveta E. , Ivleva Liudmila I. , Iskhakova Liudmila D. , Papashvili Alexandr G. , Doroshenko Maxim E.
Published: June 2024

High-temperature diffusion doping has been used for the introduction of active cobalt ions in calcium orthovanadate Ca3(VO4)2 single crystals (CVO). The test samples have been produced from nominally pure Cz CVO single crystals. High-temperature diffusion conditions have been optimized for the obtaining of doped optical quality single crystals in open or closed zone annealing. The diffusion coefficients of cobalt ions have been calculated for different conditions. Temperature regime, process time, diffusant type were defined. The samples have been annealed at 1150–1300 °C for 24–48 h with Co3O4, Ca10Co0.5(VO4)7 and Ca3(VO4)2 : 2 wt.% Co3O4 as diffusants. The diffusion direction has been parallel or perpendicular to the optical axis of the CVO crystal. The diffusion coefficients have been calculated to be in the range of 2.09 · 10-8 – 1.58 · 10-7 cm2/s. The diffusion activation energies have been determined to be 2.58 ± 0.5 and 2.63 ± 0.5 eV for the [001] and [100] directions, respectively. The maximum cobalt concentration in the doped CVO crystals has been found to be 2 · 1020 cm-3. The absorption spectrum of the diffusion doped Ca3(VO4)2 : Co samples has exhibited absorption bands typical of the Co2+ and Co3+ ions. It has been shown that the intensity ratio between the characteristic absorption bands varies depending on crystal obtaining technique. The optical anisotropy of the crystal increases with dopant concentration.
The potential area of occupancy of non-native plants across a warming high-Arctic archipelago: Implications for strategic biosecurity management
Authors: Speed James D. M. , Pertierra Luis R. , Westergaard Kristine B.
Published: June 2024

The terrestrial high-Arctic has, so far, escaped the worst impacts of non-native plant establishment. However, increasing human activity and changing climate raise the risk of introductions and establishment, respectively. The lack of biosecurity in the terrestrial Arctic is thus of concern. To facilitate the development of biosecurity measures on the rapidly warming and highly trafficked archipelago of Svalbard, we generated ecological niche models to map the bioclimatic niche potential of 27 non-native established or door-knocker vascular plant species across Svalbard, identify species with a high risk of widespread occupancy, and locate hotspots of potential current and future invasions. Under the current climate the three species with the highest threat in terms of broad potential area of occupancy and known invasion potential were Deschampsia cespitosa, Ranunculus subborealis subsp. villosus and Saussurea alpina. However, under future climate, most of the considered species have potentially wide distributions across the archipelago. Remote eastern islands were a hotspot region for broader potential establishment of non-native species under the current climate. Our results suggest that many non-native plant species have a broader macroclimatic niche on Svalbard than they currently occupy, and that other factors probably limit both dispersal and establishment outside their current localised distributions. Environmental management on Svalbard has a limited window of opportunity to act early in containing and preventing the spread of non-native plant species beyond the few settlements where they currently exist. Moreover, preventing introductions and establishments on the remote and rarely visited islands of Edgeøya, Barentsøya and Bjørnøya could be also a priority action to safeguard sanctuaries of the archipelago’s natural ecosystems.
Evaluation of Age Estimates and Resulting Population Metrics Using Four Aging Methods from a Midwestern Blue Catfish Population
Authors: Flores Ernesto , Koch Jeff , Neely Ben C.
Published: June 2024

Lapillus otoliths and several preparations of pectoral fin spines have been used to age Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus; however, there are limited studies examining relative precision of age estimates. Further, comparisons of population characteristics (e.g., growth, mortality) resulting from age structure evaluations are needed to help fisheries managers balance resources needed to conduct investigations with quality of subsequent data. We examined sectioned Blue Catfish lapillus otoliths and sectioned pectoral spine articulating processes, basal recesses, and articulating surfaces to compare relative precision of age estimates. Additionally, dynamic rate functions and resulting population models were examined to determine if variation in age estimates resulted in divergent interpretation of population characteristics. Generally, aging precision was greatest for articulating surface and lapillus otolith sections. Although growth models generated from each aging structured differed, mortality estimates and conclusions drawn from harvest-regulated population modeling were similar across structures. These results demonstrate that although there is variability in precision and growth modeling among different Blue Catfish aging structures, estimates for key population parameters remain consistent.