bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mengembangkan Karakter Tanggung Jawab Siswa melalui Pembelajaran Model Kooperatif Tipe Number Head Together
Authors: Sumartono Sumartono , Sridevi Heza
Published: July 2019

Membina karakter tanggung jawab terhadap peserta didik dapat dilakukan melalui pembelajaran matematika. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan model pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT) yang diharapkan dapat mengembangkan karakter tanggung jawab siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) mengembangkan karakter tanggung jawab siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT), (2) hasil belajar siswa menggunakan pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT), (3) hubungan antara nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen yang tidak sebenarnya (Pre Experimental Design). Jenis design yang digunakan adalah One-Shot Case Study sebanyak enam kali pertemuan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas X B Tata Niaga SMK Negeri 1 Banjarmasin tahun pelajaran 2013-2014 yang berjumlah 75 siswa, sedangkan sampelnya adalah siswa kelas X B Tata Niaga SMK Negeri 1 Banjarmasin yang berjumlah 23 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, observasi, dan tes. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis persentase lalu dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians, uji tukey, uji Normalitas, uji t dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penerapan model pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT) efektif dalam mengembangkan karakter tanggung jawab siswa, (2) penerapan model pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT) berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa, (3) ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan sebesar 0,947 antara nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Adapun persamaan regresinya adalah Y = 11,441 + 0,929X dengan X menyatakan nilai karakter tanggung jawab siswa dan Y menyatakan hasil belajar siswa.
Pengaruh Model Quantum Teaching Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Ansori Hidayah , Amalia Rezqy
Published: July 2019

Berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan guru matematika kelas VII SMP Anggrek Banjarmasin serta hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan pada saat Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan, diperoleh informasi bahwa siswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memecahkan masalah matematika. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan model pembelajaran quantum teaching dalam pembelajaran matematika yang diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah yang diperoleh dari hasil diskusi dengan guru mata pelajaran matematika kelas VII SMP Anggrek Banjarmasin dan hasil pengamatan saat mengikuti Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching dengan siswa yang belajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah “Quasy Experimental Design”. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah purposive random sampling yang bertujuan untuk mengambil dua kelas dari empat kelas. Setelah dilakukan uji beda terhadap hasil UTS matematika kelas VII, dua kelas yang dipilih adalah kelas VII A dan VII B. Penentuan kelas eksperimen dan kontrol dilakukan secara acak, terpilih kelas VII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII A sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran Quantum Teaching memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, (2) pembelajarn konvensional memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, (3) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang belajar dengan pembelajaran Quantum Teaching dan siswa yang belajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII-F SMPN 14 BANJARMASIN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MEANS END ANALYSIS (MEA)
Authors: Azhari Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Pembelajaran adalah suatu upaya menciptakan kondisi yang memungkinkan siswa dapat belajar. Berdasarkan hasil pengalaman peneliti sebagai guru matematika kelas VIII di SMPN 14 Banjarmasin bahwa hasil belajar siswa masih rendah dan perlu ditingkatkan.  Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa salah satunya menggunakan model pembelajaran Means End Analysis (MEA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui aktivitas siswa, (2) mengetahui hambatan-hambatan, dan (3) mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada penerapan model pembelajaran Means End Analysis (MEA). Penelitian ini dirancang dan dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-F yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi dan tes. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) aktivitas siswapada siklus I berada pada kualifikasi cukup baik dan pada siklus II berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik. (2) Hambatan-hambatan pada penerapan model pembelajaran MEA di antaranya adalah (a)  sulitnya bagi seorang guru memberikan bimbingan secara merata kepada setiap kelompok siswa, (b) siswa masih kesulitan ketika bekerja secara berkelompok, (c) ketika menampilkan hasil pekerjaan kelompoknya siswa masih kebingungan bagaimana cara menyampaikannya di depan siswa yang lain  (3) Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada penerapan model pembelajaran Means End Analysis (MEA). Kata kunci:  Hasil belajar siswa, Model pembelajaran Means End Analysis (MEA)
DIFFERENCES IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENTS WHO ACQUIRED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING AND CONVENTIONAL LEARNING ON CUBE AND BEAM DISCOURSE IN CLASS VIII SMP N 16 BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Siska Jumiati
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This research was motivated from observation during my apprentice where the teachers were still using conventional learning model in class. In this rapidly changing era, students will find it difficult to face the advances in education. For that reason, we need a model of learning that can make students to be more active in learning, so that their ability can thrive well. Collaborative learning is one of the learning models using students’ cooperation as its main core and demanding the students activeness in solving problems especially math problems. Hopefully it can improve students' understanding and make them get good learning outcomes. The main problem of this research was to find whether there are differences in mathematics learning outcomes of students who acquired collaborative learning and those who acquired conventional learning on the subject of cubes and beams. The type of research used was Pseudo Experiments. This research was conducted in class VIII SMP 16 Kota Bengkulu from April 5 to April 27, 2016.  Data collection was done with learning result test. The test was conducted before and after learning. The data obtained were analyzed by statistic Z test. From the result of the research, it was found that there were differences of mathematics learning results of students who acquired collabotive learning versus those who acquired conventional learning. Collaborative learning was able to make students more active in learning so that their understanding to the material seemed to be better. For further research, it is recommended that the subject be expanded to other classes, try other lessons that can improve students' mathematics learning outcomes and it is better that improving the students’ learning outcomes be supported with facilities and other supporting factors. Keywords:  Model, Differences, Collaborative Learning, Conventional Learning
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN PRINSIP-PRINSIP MATEMATIKA DAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN LOGIS SISWA DI SMAN 1 JARAI KABUPATEN LAHAT
Authors: Astuti Sondang
Published: July 2019

This study aims to produce teaching materials teaching math with discovery learning models that can improve understanding of the principles of mathematics and logical reasoning of students in SMA Negeri 1 Jarai district. Lahat. This type of research is the R & D (Research & Development), using the model of development of learning tools 4-D. Research subjects comprised for students of class X3 SMA Negeri 1 Jarai district. Lahat amounting to 23 people composed of 5 men and 18 women. Instruments in the study includes (1) sheet validation assessment of mathematics teaching materials discovery learning model (2) sheet practicality teaching materials discovery learning model, (3) copies of the effectiveness of teaching materials discovery learning model in the form of sheets of observations of the activities of teachers and students, a questionnaire sheet student responses, tests the ability of understanding the principles of mathematics, logical reasoning ability tests student, achievement test sheet. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. The results showed that the mathematical teaching materials discovery learning model developed included the category of very valid, practical, effective to improve understanding of the principles of mathematics and logical reasoning of students. Keywords:    Instructional Materials Mathematics with Discovery Learning Model, the ability of understanding the principles ofmathematics, logical reasoning of students
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR SISWA DAN BUKU GURU BERBASIS MATEMATIKA REALISTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN KETERAMPILAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIISMPAL KARIM KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Nurmita Fina
Published: July 2019

The research aims to produce a student’s text book and a teachers’ guide book with realistic mathematic as the fundamentals. The objectives are to increase knowledge, attitude, and mathematical aptitude of students’ of SMP Al Karim Bengkulu. The Research was an experimental research seeking to produce students’ text book and teachers’ guide book in order to help reader better comprehends the concept of two-dimensional figure, rectangle, and triangle. In order to develop the design, there were four steps of the research: defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The research object was VII class students if SMP Alkarim Bengkulu academic year of 2014/2015 that comprised of 17 students, consisted of 8 male and 9 female. The current findings have several conclusions regarding the ideal criteria of better students’ text book and teachers’ guide book with realistic mathematic as the fundamental: 1) It should be able to help students constructing the knowledge instead of merely receiving the knowledge; 2) in order to be able to improve student’s attitude, the book should be designed to provoke curiosity and students class participations; 3) in order to be able to increase mathematical aptitude, it should be able to increase students’ mathematical skill as well as observation skill,  and using the formulation that has previously given. The Research findings have indicated that the book with aforementioned criteria was able to help the students reaching better score with average of 80.02 and 76 percent of students in the class were able to reach higher score above the pre-determined standard (KKM). Findings from the observation sheets have also shown that students were able to reach 4.1 score or in other words the students were highly active and involve during the study process. Findings from the mathematical aptitude sheets have concluded that the students were able to reach 4.03 score or in other words were highly creative. Keywords: Developing Students’ Text Book and Teachers’ Guide, realistic mathematic, mathematical knowledge, attitude, mathematical aptitude.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA PADA MATERI ARITMATIKA SOSIAL DI KELAS VII SMP NEGERI ALALAK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Ansori Hidayah , Sutresna W. Banu Oka
Published: July 2019

Siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika masih berpusat pada hasil, soal-soal yang disajikan mengenai ingatan atau hapalan, siswa tidak dituntut untuk mene-mukan jawaban atau cara berbeda yang lain dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Kuriku-lum 2013 revisi 2017 menuntut kemampuan tingkat tinggi dengan istilah HOTS sehingga kemampuan berpikir kreatif sangat diperlukan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika. Cara berpikir yang berbeda berdasarkan jenis kelamin kemungkinan kemampuan berpikir kreatifnya juga terdapat perbedaan. Oleh karena itu, dilaksa-nakan penelitian kemampauan berpikir kreatif berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada kon-sep aritmatika sosial di kelas VII SMP Negeri Kecamatan Alalak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memperoleh deskripsi kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa laki-laki pada konsep aritmatika sosial di kelas VII SMP Negeri Alalak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 (2) memperoleh deskripsi kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa perempuan pada materi aritmatika sosial di kelas VII SMP Negeri Alalak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 (3) mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kreatif antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan pada konsep aritmatika sosial di kelas VII SMP Negeri Alalak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri Alalak. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil menggunakan tek-nik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rata-rata, persentase, dan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa laki-laki termasuk dalam kategori sangat kurang. Indikator kelancaran, keaslian dan keluwesan dikategorikan sangat kurang, indikator terperinci dikategorikan kurang, (2) kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa perempuan termasuk dalam kategori sangat kurang. Indikator kelancaran, keaslian dan keluwesan dikategorikan sangat kurang, indikator terperinci dikategorikan ku-rang, (3) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa laki-laki dengan skor kemampuan berpikir kreatif perempuan.Kata kunci: berpikir kreatif, jenis kelamin, aritmatika sosial
PROFIL GESTURE MAHASISWA DALAM REPRESENTASI DIAGONAL SISI DAN DIAGONAL RUANG PADA KUBUS
Authors: Damayanti Nia Wahyu
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gesture yang muncul pada mahasiswa ketika merepresentasikan diagonal sisi dan diagonal ruang pada kubus. Kubus merupakan salah satu representasi objek spasial. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester empat prodi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Wisnuwar­dhana Malang. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan tiga macam gesture yang muncul saat mahasiswa melakukan representasi diagonal sisi dan diagonal ruang pada kubus yaitu full body gesture, a part of body gesture dan pairs body gesture. Full body gesture adalah gesture yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya gerakan seluruh tubuh yang ditandai dengan adanya perpindahan posisi. A part of body gesture adalah gesture yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya gerakan pada salah satu anggota tubuh. Pairs body gesture adalah gesture yang ditandai adanya gerakan anggota tubuh yang terjadi bersamaan.Kata kunci: gesture, representasi, diagonal sisi, diagonal ruang, kubus
PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kangmartono Booby G.H , Yusniar Meina Wulansari , Jikrillah Sufi
Published: July 2019

This research is aimed to analyze the influence of Corporate Governance (CG) mechanism consisting of Capital Adequacy Ratio (X1), Number of Board of Commissioner (X2), Number of Board of Directors (X3) as independent variables toward financial performance of Rural Bank (Y) as dependent variable in Indonesia either simultaneously or partially during 2015 to 2016.

            The population in this study are all Rural Banks (BPR) operating in Indonesia according to Statistics of National Banking 2016. The sample was selected using purposive sampling obtained 50 BPRs with the largest total assets nationally. This study uses secondary data which is the BPR's financial report 2015-2016 published in Bank Indonesia Directory and Otoritas Jasa Keuangan websites. Hypothesis testing in this study using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression with α 0,05, which determine, fit test model (F test), and t test with SPSS Program.

            The results of this study indicate that partially, Capital Adequacy Ratio and the number of Board of Commissioners have significant positive effects to BPR financial performance, while the number of Board of Directors has a significant negative effect on the financial performance of BPR.
CITRA MEREK DAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN : KASUS PADA PRODUK MIE INSTAN
Authors: Laras Gianada Mawar DiKha , Firmanyah Egi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to explore the brand image of Indomie instant noodle product which is very legendary in Indonesia. This study also aims to determine the responses of respondents regarding their purchase decisions on Indomie brand. The respondents in this study consist of 100 people who are the consumers of Indomie. Age of respondents ranges from 15 years to 50 years in Bandung. The data in this study is the primary data obtained by disseminating questionnaires while the secondary data is derived from previous research and other sources. Analysis technique in this research is descriptive analysis. The results showed that the image of Indomie products is very good in the eyes of respondents while the purchase decision is in the category of good with cultural factors, social factors, personal factors, and psychological factors affecting respondents in decision making choose Indomie products.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING Studi pada Staff Administrasi Umum dan Keuangan Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarmasin
Authors: Dinata M. Fajerin , Bachri Ahmad Alim , Rahmawati Rini
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of leadership style on job satisfaction with organizational commitment as the intervening variable. The object of this research is the staff of general administration and finance of Islam Hospital, Banjannasin. In accordance with the above objectives, in this study four hypotheses have been formulated.

The sampling of this research used saturated sample method by using the entire population as the samples. This study used 50 respondents, and all respondents were the staff of general administration and finance of Islam Hospital, Banjarmasin. To facilitate the problem solving, this research was conducted by using regression analysis, path analysis and Sobel Test with the help ofSPSS V.23

The results of this study indicated that leadership style had a positive and significant impact on organizational commitment. Leadership style has a positive and significant effect onjob satisfaction. Organizational commitment had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment had positive and significant effect as the intervening variable/mediation between leadership style and job satisfaction .
PENDEKATAN TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) DAN PERCEIVED RISK UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU BELANJA ONLINE DI KALIMANTAN
Authors: Fuad Sajieda , Sangen Marijati , Albushari Siti Aliyati
Published: July 2019

Internet in Indonesia has a very diverse usage in various aspects of life. One of them is that it can be used in economic transaction that is buying and selling online or better known as e-commerce (electronic commerce). This study aims to factors are perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, attitude toward using, and behavioral intention.

This research was conducted in Kalimantan. The samples of the research were determined using non-probability sampling method in the form of purposive sampling with the requirements: the samples were at least 18 years of age and they had made purchases of goods or services through online shopping site of B2C e-commerce at least twice. The research method used was survey method through primary data collection by distributing online questionnaires through Google Docs. Data analysis was done by SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) 21.0 software.

The result showed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had positive and significant effect on attitude toward using. However, perceived risk did not have a negative and insignificant effect on attitude toward using. Perceived ease of use had a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness and attitude toward using positively and significantly influenced the behavioral intention of online shopping in Kalimantan. Perceived ease of use was the most dominant variable giving a direct influence on perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness gave the most dominant indirect influence on behavioral intention.
PENGARUH MEKANISME GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADAPERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Diyanty Mira , Yusniar Meina Wulansari
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the Good Corporate Governance mechanism on the board of commissioners, the board of directors, the proportion of independent commissioners, the audit committee, CAR on ROA. This study also uses a purposive sampling method for sampling. The analysis test used is multiple linear regression analysis. The population used by companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2011 - 2013 and which meet the sample selection criteria. The sample used was 25 companies. Data is collected through secondary data collection in the form of the company's annual report for the period 2011 - 2013 which is published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research hypothesis was tested by multiple linear regression which had met the testing of classical assumptions. The results of the analysis show that the board of commissioners, the proportion of independent commissioners, audit committees, CAR does not significantly influence ROA while the board of directors has a positive and significant effect on ROA.
PENGARUH SALES PROMOTION DAN STORE ATMOSPHERE TERHADAP POSITIVE EMOTION DAN PERILAKU IMPULSE BUYING DI DEPARTEMENT STORE MATAHARI DUTA MALL, BANJARMASIN
Authors: Diany Adista Anjar , Sangen Marijati , Faisal Ikhwan
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze and   find out the effects of sales promotion and store atmosphere on positive emotion and impulse buying at Matahari Departement Store, Duta Mall, Banjarmasin.

This  research  used  Non  Probability  Sampling  and  Purposive  Sampling  Technique,  with  the  sample  of  148

respondents who were the customers of Matahari Departement Store, Duta Mall, Banjarmasin. The instrument of this research was questionnaires and data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

The results of the analysis proved that the sales promotion did not have significant effects on positive emotion and

impulse buying but store atmosphere had significant effects on positive emotion and impulse buying. Also, positive emotion had significant to the impulse buying of the consumers. Store atmosphere was created by Matahari Departement Store, Duta Mall, Banjarmasin to increase the feelings of satisfaction, comforts and enjoyment when shopping. The highest CR value was positive emotion which had significant effects on impulse buying.

It is suggested that Matahari Departement Store, Duta Mall, Banjarmasin should prioritize in increase impulse buying to create positive emotion first. Positive emotion can be established by observing the atmosphere inside and outside outlets such as: music, store design and lighting. Matahari Departement Store, Duta Mall, Banjarmasin also has to make more variations of sales promotions to attract customers to continue shopping. Matahari Departement Store also has to make more variations of sales promotion to attract customers to continue to be in the store. Matahari Department Store should reduce the existing requirements to use given promotions and has regular promotions but not too routine. This allows the consumers to feel getting benefits in a number of existing promotions.
Acclimatization of micropropagated plantlets of Coffea canephora
Authors: Santos Maurício Reginaldo Alves dos , Lima Renato Abreu , Ferreira Maria das Graças Rodrigues , Rocha Josilene Felix , Espíndola Marcelo Curitiba , Alves Enrique Anastácio
Published: July 2019

Coffea canephora is the predominant species in the state of Rondônia, due to its adaptation to soil and climatic conditions in the region. The acclimatization comprises a set of techniques and procedures that are designed to adapt plantlets to field conditions, heterotrophic to autotrophic condition. This work aimed to evaluate conditions of acclimatization of plantlets of C. canephora in relation to the initial stages of seedling development, levels of shading and acclimatization period. In the first experiment, we used three stages of micropropagated plants: "torpedoes", "sprouted" and "seedling" and two levels of shading, 30 and 50% in 3 x 2 factorial. The plants were weighed and placed individually in cells containing the trays Plantmax®. After 30 days, there was survival, plant length, leaf number and fresh weight. The second experiment evaluated three periods of acclimatization at 30, 45 and 60 days, after the seedlings were transferred to field conditions in plastic bags. After 90 days of the deployment of the experiment, there was survival, plant length, leaf number and the ratio between initial and final weight of the seedlings. The developmental stage "seedlings" resulted in increased survival and plant development stages in relation to "torpedo" and "sprouted." The shading of 50% resulted in increased survival and plant growth than 30%. The acclimatization period of 30 days did not differ significantly from the periods of 45 and 60 days, the most suited for this application.
Some Applications of Artificial Intelligence on Biotechnology
Authors: Strapasson Rogerio Antonio , Woiciechiwski Adenise Lorenci , Letti Luiz Alberto Junior , Soccol Carlos Ricardo
Published: July 2019

The present work is a revision about neural networks. Initially presents a little introduction to neural networks, fuzzy logic, a brief history, and the applications of Neural Networks on Biotechnology. The chosen sub-areas of the applications of Neural Networks on Biotechnology are, Solid-State Fermentation Optimization, DNA Sequencing, Molecular Sequencing Analysis, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Soft Sensing, Spectra Interpretation, Data Mining, each one use a special kind of neural network like feedforward, recurrent, siamese, art, among others. Applications of the Neural-Networks in spectra interpretation and Quantitative Structure-activity relationships, is a direct application to Chemistry and consequently also to Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Soft Sensing is a special example for applications on Biotechnology. It is a method to measure variables that normally can’t be directly measure. Solid state fermentation was optimized and presenting, as result, a strong increasing of production efficiency.
Introduction
Authors: Duclow Donald F. , George-Tvrtković Rita , Izbicki Thomas M.
Published: July 2019

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The Clinicopathological Features and Survival Outcomes of patients with Different Metastatic Sites in Stage IV Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Ru , Zhu Yayun , Liu Xiaoxu , Liao Xiaoqin , He Jianjun , Niu Ligang
Published: July 2019

Background: The features and survival of stage IV breast cancer patients with different metastatic sites are not very clear recently. This study aims to determine the clinicopathological features and survival of stage IV breast cancer according to different metastatic sites.
Methods: Exploiting the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we included stage IV breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 to 2015. The clinicopathological features were examined by chi‐square tests. Breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared among patients with different metastatic sites by Kaplan‐Meier method with the log‐rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed using the Cox proportional hazard model to identify statistically significant prognostic factors.
Results: A total of 18322 patients were identified for survival analysis. Bone metastasis not otherwise specified accounted for 39.80% of patients, followed by multiple metastases (33.07%), lung metastasis (10.94%), liver metastasis (7.34%), other metastasis (7.34%), and brain metastasis (1.51%). The Kaplan‐Meier plots displayed that patients with bone metastasis had the best survival while patients with brain metastasis had the worst survival in both BCSS and OS (P < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed that age, race, marital status, grade, tumor subtype, tumor size, surgery of primary cancer, the experience of radiotherapy or chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors.
Conclusion: Stage IV breast cancer patients have different clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes according to different metastatic sites. Patients with bone metastasis have an excellent prognosis, while brain metastasis is the most aggressive subgroups.
Knowledge and sources of accessing sexual and reproductive health information among visually impaired women in Ghana
Authors: Badu Eric , Mensah Isaac , Gyamfi Naomi , Agyei-Okyere Elvis , Abodey Eric , Adusei-Nkrumah Josephine
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study explores the knowledge and sources of information in accessing sexual and reproductive health services and care information among visually impaired women in Ghana. Qualitative data involving In-depth Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were conducted among 21 visually impaired women, selected through purposive and snowballing sampling techniques. Thematic Analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results: The study identified fives themes – knowledge, the relevance of accessing SRH services and care information, sources and content of the information as well as barriers to accessing such information. The study showed that visually impaired women were knowledgeable about the relevance of SRH services and care information. However, they had limited knowledge about the group of individuals that uses such services. The source of accessing information was formal and informal. Barriers to accessing information on SRH services and care was the lack of family caregivers and support services. The study recommends that current policies and programmes on SRH services and care should be made inclusive of visually impaired women. The advocacy and awareness campaigns on SRH services and care should educate visually impaired women, communities and family caregivers about services for individual gender groups as well as support services.
Nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Hussien Bedru , Hussen Mohammedaman Mama , Seid Abdulwahhab , Hussen Abduljewad
Published: July 2019

Objective
Tuberculosis remains deadliest communicable diseases responsible for ill health among millions of people each year and is associated with malnutrition. Addressing nutritional deficiency in Tuberculosis patients is an important aspect of Tuberculosis control programme. Therefore, the aim was to assess the magnitude of nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, South-east Ethiopia, 2018. Cross-sectional study design was utilized. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Body mass index was calculated to determine nutritional deficiency. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically associated.
Results
Prevalence of nutritional deficiency was 63.2 %. The mean Body mass index for all enrolled participants was 17.86 kg/m2. Employment status of the patients, p-value 0.012 (AOR = 1.82; 95 % CI = 1.14, 2.89) and Khat chewing, p-value 0.02 (AOR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.23, 0.85) were factors independently associated with Nutritional Deficiency. Prevalence of Nutritional Deficiency was found to be high. Nutritional support for the needy, regular nutritional assessment and dietary counseling are necessary for better treatment outcome and effective Tuberculosis control programme.
Pharmacodynamics of Pre-Operative PD1 Checkpoint Blockade and Receptor Activator of NFkB Ligand (RANKL) Inhibition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): study protocol for a multicentre open-label phase 1B/2 translational trial (POPCORN)
Authors: Ahern Elizabeth Stephanie , Cubitt Annette , Ballard Emma , Teng Michele W. L. , Dougall William C. , Smyth Mark J. , Godbolt David , Naidoo Rishendran , Goldrick Amanda , Hughes Brett G. M.
Published: July 2019

Background

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy targeting the immune checkpoint programmed death-1 (PD-1) is under investigation in various tumour settings including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preclinical models demonstrate the superior power of immunotherapy given in the neoadjuvant (pre-operative) compared with adjuvant (post-operative) setting to eradicate metastatic disease and induce long-lasting antigen-specific immunity. Novel effective immunotherapy combinations are widely sought in the oncology field, targeting non-redundant mechanisms of immune evasion. A promising combination partner with anti-PD1 in NSCLC is denosumab, a monoclonal antibody blocking Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL). In preclinical cancer models, and a large retrospective case series in NSCLC, anti-cancer activity of combination immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and denosumab has been reported. Furthermore, clinical trials of ICI and denosumab are underway in advanced melanoma and clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. However, the mechanism of action of combination anti-PD1 and anti-RANKL is poorly defined.

Methods

This open-label multicentre trial will randomise by minimisation 30 patients with resectable stage IA (primary > 2cm) to IIIA NSCLC to a neoadjuvant treatment regime of either two doses of nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) or two doses of nivolumab (same regimen) plus denosumab (120 mg every 2 weeks, following nivolumab). Each treatment arm is of equal size, and be approximately balanced with respect to histology (squamous vs. non-squamous) and clinical stage (I-II vs IIIA). All patients will receive surgery for their tumour two weeks after the final dose of neoadjuvant therapy. The primary outcome will be translational research to define the tumour-immune correlates of combination therapy compared with monotherapy. Key secondary outcomes will include a comparison of rates of the following between each arm: toxicity, response (pathological and radiological), and microscopically complete resection.

Discussion

The POPCORN study provides a unique platform for translational research to determine the mechanism of action of a novel proposed combination immunotherapy for cancer.

Trial registration

Prospectively registered on Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001121257) on 06/07/2018.
Study of the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb
Authors: Rob Md. Mahfuzur , Noguchi Hisashi Kato-
Published: July 2019

The allelopathic properties of plants can be used as an alternative weed control method to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to determine the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata. Six different concentrations of aqueous methanol extracts of G. pedunculata fruit were prepared and used to determine their effect on the growth of eight test plants: alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), foxtail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The test plants were grown in Petri dishes and after 48 h incubation, the length of the roots and shoots of the seedlings was measured and compared with control seedlings. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data was performed using the SPSS statistical package, and the I50 values were measured from a regression equation. The extracts at each concentration significantly inhibited the shoot and root growth of all the test plants, except the concentration of 0.001 g dry weight equivalent extract/mL, compared with control. At a concentration of 0.3 g of dry weight equivalent extract/mL, the shoot and root growth of all the tested plants were completely inhibited, except the shoot growth of barnyard grass. The degree of inhibition increased in line with increased extract concentration. The shoots of alfalfa and the roots of barnyard grass were determined to be the most susceptible to the G. pedunculata extract based on the concentration of extract resulting in 50% (I50) growth inhibition of the test plants. These results suggest that G. pedunculata may have allelopathic potential and may possess allelochemicals. From our study, we can conclude that G. pedunculata could be developed as an eco-friendly weed control option.
Assessment of camel thorn (Alhagi maurorum) as new sources of bioactive compounds using GC-MS technique
Authors: Mostafa Reham M. , Essawy Heba S.
Published: July 2019

Alhagi maurorum (A. maurorum) is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family leguminasae, commonly known as camel thorn. This research was amid to identify the chemical compounds in the aerial part of A. maurorum using GC-mass analysis. Three solvents with different polarities were used for the extraction of chemical constituents (water, methanol and petroleum ether). The results of GC-MS analysis led to identification of various compounds. In total, thirty-nine compounds from petroleum ether extract, thirty-two compounds in methanolic extract and seventeen compounds in aqueous extract were identified. Majority of the identified compounds have been reported to possess many biological activities. Among them, we reported 10 new anticancer compounds (Vitamin E; Hexadecanoic acid; Stigmast-5-en-3-ol; Phytol,2-hexadecen-1-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl; Squalene; Hexadecanoic acid; 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester; Oxime,methoxy-phenyl,methyl N-hydroxyben-zenecarboximidoate; Ergost-5-en-3-ol; 9,12- Octadecad-ienoic acid and Farnesol) from A. maurorum using three solvent, while the best effective solvent was petroluem ether. Therefore, we report that A. maurorum has great potential to be developed into anticancer drugs.
1D-3D coupling investigation of hydraulic transient for power-supply failure of centrifugal pump-pipe system
Authors: Li Xiaoqin , Tang Xuelin , Zhu Min , Shi Xiaoyan
Published: July 2019

In the pumping station, the main feedwater system and the reactor system of nuclear power plant, power-supply failure causes strong hydraulic transients. One-dimensional method of characteristics (1D-MOC) is used to calculate the transient process in the pipeline system while three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics is employed to analyze the turbulent flows inside the pump and to obtain the performance parameters of the pump, and the data exchanges on the boundary conditions of the shared interface between 1D and 3D domains are updated based on the MpCCI platform. Based on the equation of motion of the pump motion parts, the relationship between the external characteristics and the internal flow field in the pump is further investigated because the dynamic behavior of the pump and the detailed fluid field evolutions inside the pump are captured during the transition process, and the transient flow rate, rotating speed, and pressure inside the impeller are comprehensively investigated. Meanwhile, compared with the data gained by experiment and traditional 1D-MOC, the relative errors of rotating speed and the flow rate obtained by 1D-3D coupling method are smaller than those by 1D-MOC. Furthermore, the influences of the main coupling parameters and coupling modes on the calculation results are analyzed, and the cause of the deviation is further explained.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Lectin Exhibit Inhibition of ACE-I, α-amylase and α-glucosidase Activity
Authors: Bhagyawant Sameer Suresh , Narvekar Dakshita Tanaji , Gupta Neha , Bhadkaria Amita , Gautam Ajay Kumar , Srivastava Nidhi
Published: July 2019

Background:

Diabetes and hypertension are the major health concern and alleged to be
of epidemic proportions. This has made it a numero uno subject at various levels of investigation.
Glucosidase inhibitor provides the reasonable option in treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as it
specifically targets post prandial hyperglycemia. The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) plays
an important role in hypertension. Therefore, inhibition of ACE in treatment of elevated blood pressure
attracts special interest of the scientific community. Chickpea is a food legume and seeds contain
carbohydrate binding protein- a lectin. Some of the biological properties of this lectin hitherto
been elucidated.

Methods:

Purified by ion exchange chromatography, chickpea lectin was tested for its in vitro antioxidant,
ACE-I inhibitory and anti-diabetic characteristic.

Results:

Lectin shows a characteristic improvement over the synthetic drugs like acarbose (oral
anti-diabetic drug) and captopril (standard antihypertensive drug) when, their IC50 values are
compared. Lectin significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase in a concentration dependent
manner with IC50 values of 85.41 ± 1.21 ҝg/ml and 65.05 ± 1.2 µg/ml compared to acarbose
having IC50 70.20 ± 0.47 value of µg/ml and 50.52 ± 1.01 µg/ml respectively. β-Carotene
bleaching assay showed antioxidant activity of lectin (72.3%) to be as active as Butylated Hydroxylanisole
(BHA). In addition, lectin demonstrated inhibition against ACE-I with IC50 value of 57.43
± 1.20 µg/ml compared to captopril.

Conclusion:

Lectin demonstrated its antioxidant character, ACE-I inhibition and significantly inhibitory
for α-glucosidase and α-amylase seems to qualify as an anti-hyperglycemic therapeutic
molecule. The biological effects of chickpea lectin display potential for reducing the parameters
of medically debilitating conditions. These characteristics however needs to be established
under in vivo systems too viz. animals through to humans.
The Therapeutic Potential and Role of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wu Yuangang , Lu Xiaoxi , Shen Bin , Zeng Yi
Published: July 2019

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by progressive degeneration,
joint hyperplasia, narrowing of joint spaces, and extracellular matrix metabolism. Recent studies have
shown that the pathogenesis of OA may be related to non-coding RNA, and its pathological mechanism
may be an effective way to reduce OA.

Objective:

The purpose of this review was to investigate the recent progress of miRNA, long noncoding
RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in gene therapy of OA, discussing the effects of
this RNA on gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis and extracellular matrix in OA.

Methods:

The following electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of
Science, and the Cochrane Library, for published studies involving the miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA
in OA. The outcomes included the gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, and extracellular
matrix.

Results and Discussion:

With the development of technology, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA have
been found in many diseases. More importantly, recent studies have found that RNA interacts with
RNA-binding proteins to regulate gene transcription and protein translation, and is involved in various
pathological processes of OA, thus becoming a potential therapy for OA.

Conclusion:

In this paper, we briefly introduced the role of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in the occurrence
and development of OA and as a new target for gene therapy.
Activity of Antimicrobial Peptide; Cathelicidin, on Bacterial Infection
Authors: Febriza Ami , Hatta Mochammad , Natzir Rosdiana , Kasim Vivien N.A. , Idrus Hasta H.
Published: July 2019

Antimicrobial peptide is an effector molecule from the natural immune system which plays a central role in defense as an antimicrobial. Cathelicidin is one of the antimicrobial peptides. Human only has one cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide called LL-37 or hCAP18. The detailed mechanism on CAMP (Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide) gene regulation is still unknown, however, cathelicidin is found to have upregulation when there is bacterial infection. The most effective expression inducer of CAMP gene is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25(OH)2D3), which is the active form of vitamin D. Vitamin D mediates cathelicidin synthesis through the expression of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), then the interaction activates CAMP gene to express cathelicidin. The work mechanisms of cathelicidin against bacterial infection include damaging the bacterial cell membrane, inducing autophagy process of macrophage cell, neutralizing LPS produced by bacteria, and chemotactic activities of PMNs, monocytes and lymphocytes.
A Global Overview of β-lactam Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: da Silva Yone , Ferrari Rafaela , Marin Victor Augustus , Junior Carlos Adam Conte
Published: July 2019

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, commonly associated with nosocomial infections. This pathogen is a serious public health problem as some of its strains are resistant to about 95% antimicrobials of the pharmaceutical market. This resistance is promoted by the production of the β-lactamase extended spectrum (ESBL) enzymes, one of the major causes of therapeutic failure. This review evaluated the incidence and distribution of resistance genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactams worldwide. Our study was conducted with the subject the organism K. pneumoniae and β-lactamic resistance. The most reported genes were blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-2 and blaSHV-5; with blaSHV-12 being the most described. The last two were present in all continents, characterizing its cosmopolitan profiles. The greatest genetic diversity was observed in the Asian and Oceania, where 41 different genes were isolated. Additionally, our review points out the coexistence of different classes of β-lactamases in a single bacterial isolate. Finally, knowledge of mechanisms associated with resistance of K. pneumoniae is of great public interest and the verification of resistance genes shows a variation over time and location highlights the importance of evaluating the mechanisms or strategies by which these variations occur.