bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Convergence Analysis of the Fast Linearized Bregman Iterative Algorithm
Authors: Liu Huiyan , Zhang Hui , Zhu Jubo
Published: March 2014

The linearized Bregman iterative (LBI) algorithm is an efficient method of dealing with the famous basis pursuit problem. In this paper, we study the convergence of the fast linearized Bregman iterative (F-LBI) algorithm. First of all, on the basis of the theory analysis of F-LBI by Osher et al, we conclude that the sequence by the F-LBI is not definite of the subsequence of the LBI. Then we take the error into account and derive a strict convergence result by comparison analysis between the LBI and F-LBI.
Study of Morphological Characteristics of Electrical Apparatus Arc by High-Speed Photography and Image Processing Technology
Authors: Xiangjun Liu , Taishou Lan , Baohe Xie
Published: March 2014

The images of arc motion of the electrical apparatus during breaking process are taken by the test device based on high-speed camera in this paper. By means of a series of processing methods such as median filtering, Gaussian filtering, grayscale transformation and binary conversion, the arc images are processed and the total pixel values of arc images are calculated to complete the numerical representation of the arc morphology. The relationship between the arc pixel area and time during the whole process from arc ignition to extinction is studied. It can provide the basis for the study of arc motion discipline.
Text Detection in Born-Digital Images Using IT-LBP
Authors: Zeng Chao , Jia Wenjing , He Xiangjian , Zhang Liming
Published: March 2014

Fine text detection plays a crucial role in a text detection algorithm as it is capable of removing the false alarms while keeping the detected text lines in coarse text detection. Good performance of a machine learning-based fine text detection heavily depends on the powerful feature to depict the characteristics of text. In this paper, a novel texture-based descriptor, named IT-LBP, is proposed by considering horizontal, vertical, diagonal and anti-diagonal directions of character strokes to better describe the texture of text. The new feature demonstrates its superiority by comparing with other texture-based features. The new feature is used to train an SVM classifier to further filter out non-text candidates. The ICDAR 2011 born-digital image dataset is used to evaluate and demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. Following the same performance evaluation criteria, the proposed method outperforms the winner algorithm of the ICDAR 2011 Robust Reading Competition Challenge 1.
PCNN Model Automatic Linking Strength Determination Based on Geometric Moments in Image Fusion
Authors: Shu Zhibiao
Published: March 2014

In order to obtain a clear image that contains all relevant objects in all area, this paper proposes a new image fusion algorithm. The proposed method can adaptively determine the linking strengths of PCNN based on the regional image moment invariants. Compared with the traditional methods, the results of experiments show that the new algorithm enhances the fusion image information, effectively retains the source image edges and detail information. The effect of fusion and quantifying indicators are fairly good.
Modeling and Control of Lip Based on Double-Layer Muscle
Authors: Zhi-Xiang Chen , Qin-Qin Xin , Zi-Qiong Lin , Yue-Xiu Zhu
Published: March 2014

Lip model plays an important role in virtual facial expression and speech simulation. However, the structures and movements of existing lip models are very simple, and the common motions such as protruding, pouting and sipping are failed to totally realize. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a new double-layer muscle-controlled lip model. This method adopts the approach from anatomy to classify lip muscles into deep and superficial ones. The deep muscle is employed to control the corners of the mouth position and the size of mouth fissure. The superficial muscle is treated as a new arc muscle, and it uses catenary function to fix the parameters under different shrinkages and fit the process of protruding and sipping etc. The experiments show that the method can control the model flexibly and simulate some lip movements that accord with physiological motion characteristics.
Analysis of Network Security Data Using Wavelet Transforms
Authors: Donghong Sun , Zhibiao Shu , Wu Liu , Ping Ren , Jian-Ping Wu
Published: March 2014

Data Analysis of Network Security is very important in intrusion detection and computer forensics. A lot of data mining methods to research it have been found, such as content-based queries and similarity searches to manage and use such data. Fast and accurate retrievals for content-based queries are crucial for such numerous data streams to be useful. In this paper, we apply wavelet transforms into network security to analyze and mine time-serial data streams for the detection of anomalous network security events. We first proposes a wavelet based data analysis framework for network security traffic, and signalize the data stream of network security (DSNS), then after de-noise of DSNS, we use wavelet based transforms to analyze the DSNS and get anomalous events for intrusion detection in computer network security. Experimental results show that, by using wavelet transform, we can decrease the noise signal and keep the useful signals of network security data streams to retrieve anomalous events effectively.
Constrained Engineering Optimization Algorithm Based on Elite Selection
Authors: Yan Xuesong , Luo Wenjing , Hu Chengyu , Yao Hong , Wu Qinghua
Published: March 2014

Many engineering optimization problems can be state as function optimization with constrained, intelligence optimization algorithm can solve these problems well. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was developed under the inspiration of behavior laws of bird flocks, fish schools and human communities. In this paper, aim at the disadvantages of standard Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm like being trapped easily into a local optimum, we improve the standard PSO and propose a new algorithm to solve the overcomes of the standard PSO. The new algorithm keeps not only the fast convergence speed characteristic of PSO, but effectively improves the capability of global searching as well. Experiment results reveal that the proposed algorithm can find better solution when compared to other heuristic methods and is a powerful optimization algorithm for constrained engineering optimization problems.
Modularization vs. Innovation
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Rissone Paolo , Rotini Federico
Published: March 2014

This paper argues the relationship between modularity and product innovation. The work is based on the assumption that in order to become an innovation, a novel product has to be successfully diffused into the marketplace. Modularity can give rise to a series of parameters related to commercial success; however, there is not a well-defined relationship between modularity and product innovativeness. The aim of the paper is to analyse the logic of the most acknowledged modularization methods in-order to understand how they can really influence product success, and then, part of product innovativeness.
Elements of Sustainable Business Models
Authors: Talonen Tapani , Hakkarainen Kari
Published: March 2014

The authors present the elements constituting an advantageous business model, and suggest how to achieve that competitive edge. They argue that traditional innovation processes with funnelling front-end, stage-gate with go/kill decisions, and similar processes have inherent limitations in such an inclusive concept. They propose an alternative approach, driven by strategic business options. A business model, like everything else, has a limited life span. Anew model requires radical changes in thinking and logics. Still, the move is not easy, and most attempts will fail. The right timing is tricky, plans to abandon an existing model might feel dispiriting, and the necessity to change can be blinded by past successes. This article discusses these complex aspects and the steps needed to overcome them. Finally, in ever-changing business competition it is not realistic to constantly renew inside-out. Instead, for a company to survive, its business model must have a very important quality known as resilience. This article is based on the authors' extensive practical experience in a global business environment, as well as on their academic work.
The Liminality of Creative illness
Authors: Harter Nathan
Published: March 2014

Henri Ellenberger argued that in many instances, illness serves as an integral stage in the creative process. This paper begins by contrasting the simplistic image of cause-and-effect with Ellenberger's three-part model, with illness in the middle. Then, it sets forth five different ways to construe the period of illness as a contribution to a creative process that will have begun before the illness. It concludes by introducing a familiar example from Western history of a leader whose contributions might have built upon years of exemplary preparation, but actually began in earnest only after a defining period of sudden illness.

Henri Ellenberger [1] wrote an influential essay in the 1960s titled "The Concept of Creative Illness." Part of its brilliance is due to the fact that it took a relatively common model of cause-and-effect and added something to it, presenting a slightly more sophisticated model that raised interesting new questions about the relationship between illness and creativity. This paper considers the importance of studying the creative process through the lens of illness as liminality.
Parallel Resolved Open Source CFD-DEM: Method, Validation and Application
Authors: Hager A. , Kloss C. , Pirker S. , Goniva C.
Published: March 2014

In the following paper the authors present a fully parallelized Open Source method for calculating the interaction of immersed bodies and surrounding fluid. A combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a discrete element method (DEM) accounts for the physics of both the fluid and the particles. The objects considered are relatively big compared to the cells of the fluid mesh, i.e. they cover several cells each. Thus this fictitious domain method (FDM) is called resolved. The implementation is realized within the Open Source framework CFDEMcOupling ( www.cfdem.com ), which provides an interface between OpenFOAM® based CFD-solvers and the DEM software LIGGGHTS ( www.liggghts.com ). While both LIGGGHTS and OpenFOAM® were already parallelized, only a recent improvement of the algorithm permits the fully parallel computation of resolved problems. Alongside with a detailed description of the method, its implementation and recent improvements, a number of application and validation examples is presented in the scope of this paper.
A Coarse-Grained Two-Fluid Model for Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds
Authors: Schneiderbauer S. , Pirker S.
Published: March 2014

Due to increasing computer power the numerical simulation of fluidized and moving beds has become feasible. However, while kinetic theory based CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) has become a valuable design tool for modeling pilot plant scale gassolid fluidized bed reactors, a fully resolved simulation of industrial scale reactor is still nearly unfeasible. It is, therefore, common to use sub-grid models to account for the effect of the small unresolved structures on large resolved scales when using coarse grids. It is generally agreed that the influence of these small scales on the drag force is a key parameter in the prediction of the hydrodynamics of fluidized beds. We present a sub-grid drag modification dealing with the influence of heterogeneous structures on the drag force. It is assumed that these structures appear as distinct clusters of particles within an interstitial dilute particle phase. The clusters and the dilute phase itself consist of homogeneously distributed particles enabling the application of a homogenous drag correlation to these structures. In contrast to the established sub-grid drag modification EMMS (Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale Method), the presented model distinguishes between resolved and unresolved clusters by computing the expectation value of the diameter of the unresolved clusters. This reveals a grid and slip velocity dependent drag modification, which recovers the homogenous drag law as the solids volume fraction approaches the maximum packing of frictional spheres. The presented model is validated on the one hand, in case of industrial scale bubbling and turbulent fluidized beds. On the other hand, the model is applied to the coarse grid simulation of a riser flow. The numerical results obtained on a coarse gird demonstrate that our model reveals fairly good agreement with experimental data of bed expansion and solids volume fraction distributions. Thus, the results proof that the presented drag modification is applicable to a wide range of particle diameters (Geldart A, B and D group particles) and different fluidization regimes.
CFD Modelling of the Effects of Operating Parameters on the Spreading of Liquids on a Spinning Disc
Authors: Pan Y. , Witt P. J. , Kuan B. , Xie D.
Published: March 2014

A novel dry slag granulation process based on a spinning disc is being developed by CSIRO. This process utilises centrifugal force to break up molten slag into droplets, which are then quenched into solidified granules by a flow of cold air. In this process the sensible heat of slag is recovered as hot air. In the present work, a previously developed steady-state, two-dimensional and multiphase CFD model was applied to perform parametric numerical experiments to investigate the effects of a number of parameters on the liquid film thickness at the disc edge, which included liquid mass feeding (pouring) rate, disc spinning speed, disc radius, liquid viscosity, density and surface tension. The modelling results were compared with experimental data and were found to be in good agreement. To reduce the number of simulations needed, Box and Behnken's fractional factorial design of numerical experiment was adopted. Furthermore, in order for the modelling results to be applicable to atomisation of different liquids using spinning discs of different sizes, a dimensionless correlation was developed based on dimensional analysis of the numerical simulation data. The modelling results indicate that the liquid film thickness can be significantly influenced by the disc radius and spinning speed, the liquid mass feeding rate, viscosity and density, whereas the liquid surface tension has a negligible effect.
Hypermedia studying at primary school’s informatics lessons
Authors: Сапрыкина  , Saprykina Nadezhda
Published: March 2014

Questions related to teaching of hypermedia formalization bases at primary school are considered in this paper. A detailed description of

methodological apparatus (object, subject, purposes, problem, hypothesis, etc.) related to research conducted by junior school pupils at

informatics lesson has been presented. The attention is focused on use of productive methods of teaching in the process of subject "Hypermedia"

teaching for junior school pupils’ development of all-educational ability to learn.
Preparation of 5–7 years children for school: world around and mathematics
Authors: Целищева  , Tselishcheva Irina , Румянцева  , Rumyantseva Irina , Большакова  , Bolshakova Mariya
Published: March 2014

Actual aspect related to children’ preparation for school on a basis of educational areas integration is revealed in this paper. Concrete elaborations

of studies for senior preschoolers, promoting their mathematical and natural ecological development are presented. During the studies not only

mathematical representations, responsible attitude to the nature world, and informative interest are formed in children, but also attention,

imagination, speech, and communicative skills are developed.
Division of sum by number (mathematics lesson in the 4th Grade)
Authors: Семикопенко  , Semikopenko L.
Published: March 2014

Teacher’s experiment related to designing of a lesson at which requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard are realized as at a

content level, as at a training technique is revealed in this paper. Along with formation of subject abilities the special attention is paid to solution

of meta subject tasks on mathematical content basis, in particular to development of regulatory universal educational actions.
Tradition and Modernization in Law: Comparative-Legal Aspect
Authors: SHatkovskaya Tatyana
Published: March 2014

The integrative processes of modern state-legal development make the problem of cultural variety actual. The stability of a social system is based on inheritance of the most efficient regulation tools from generation to generation. In its turn modernization prevents from stagnation of the system and makes it possible to form new models of social ties. The author proves dialectical interconnection and interdependence of a tradition and modernization. The legal categorization of the subject of study is necessary for working out the methodological tools of juridical activity in a modern state. The bases of the modernization theory are formed by the real processes characteristic of the western civilization in its relation with the historical- legal development of other national systems. Modernization implies a new quality of social development on the whole. The modernization processes should be aimed at changing the way of subjects interaction inside the system. In the author’s opinion, the primary target of law modernization should be widening of people representation participation in the right establishment activity. Traditions are considered as one of the manifestation of such a natural human quality as sociality. The author determines the traditions’ formation by the character of intercultural exchange between social groups. The sources of traditions are rooted in the mass unconscious behavior. When we correlate traditions and modernization, we should take into account the fact that any society is traditional. The opposition of traditions to innovations leads to the deformation of the current system of values? And it also results in the appearance of new defensive strategies in society.
International Legal Obligation to Respect Human Rights: Basic Elements of Content and Scopes
Authors: Lipkina Nadezhda
Published: March 2014

Analysis of the principle of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, which is one of the basic principles of international law, definitely, has not only theoretical but also practical importance. Key provisions of the principle must be taken into account while implementing of any specific international obligations in the field of human rights. The purpose of this article is to identify the main elements of the principle of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms at the present stage of development of international law, analysis of trends of development of its content. In the line of the specified objectives of the study the following new elements and tendencies of development of the maintenance of the principle are of particular relevance: first, the development trends of types of commitments included in the content of the principle, in particular, development and consolidation of such types of obligations as obligations to prevent, to respond to, to rebuilt and to punish; second, the strengthening and expansion of practice of recognition of state’s responsibility for human rights violations on the part of so-called non-state actors; third, the evolution of the content of the principles of the responsibility to protect and responsibility while protecting; fourth, the concept of state’ margin of appreciation as well as the principle of cultural relativism which are well established in the International Human Rights Law, are faced with new challenges in modern international law. Thus, the content and limits of the principle of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is undergoing significant changes at present and all new trends and challenges require a careful study.
Decision Performance and Safety Performance: A Value-Focused Thinking Study in the Oil Industry
Authors: Merrick Jason R. W. , Grabowski Martha
Published: March 2014

Considerable research has been performed to develop leading indicators of safety performance. We use value-focused thinking to understand the objectives and evaluation measures that frame a particular safety-related decision within an organization. These decisions are part of the safety culture. Our research partners were two oil shipping companies; we surveyed crewmembers on their tankers to evaluate performance in each decision objective on their vessel. We demonstrate that measurements of the achievement of these objectives are related to future safety performance and thus provide leading indicators of safety.
Two Reasons to Make Aggregated Probability Forecasts More Extreme
Authors: Baron Jonathan , Mellers Barbara A. , Tetlock Philip E. , Stone Eric , Ungar Lyle H.
Published: March 2014

When aggregating the probability estimates of many individuals to form a consensus probability estimate of an uncertain future event, it is common to combine them using a simple weighted average. Such aggregated probabilities correspond more closely to the real world if they are transformed by pushing them closer to 0 or 1. We explain the need for such transformations in terms of two distorting factors: The first factor is the compression of the probability scale at the two ends, so that random error tends to push the average probability toward 0.5. This effect does not occur for the median forecast, or, arguably, for the mean of the log odds of individual forecasts. The second factor—which affects mean, median, and mean of log odds—is the result of forecasters taking into account their individual ignorance of the total body of information available. Individual confidence in the direction of a probability judgment (high/low) thus fails to take into account the wisdom of crowds that results from combining different evidence available to different judges. We show that the same transformation function can approximately eliminate both distorting effects with different parameters for the mean and the median. And we show how, in principle, use of the median can help distinguish the two effects.
Sorafenib-Induced Thyroid Storm; Ceftaroline-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia; Imatinib-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Tibia; Visual and Auditory Hallucinations with Citalopram
Authors: Mancano Michael A.
Published: March 2014

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
Effect of Acrylate Constituent Units on the COD Removal Rates of Acrylate Copolymers for Warp Sizing
Authors: Qiao Zhiyong , Zhu Hong , Jin Enqi , Zhang Zaixing , Li Yonglan
Published: March 2014

The aerobic biodegradability of acrylate copolymers for warp sizing was studied using the shaking-bottle incubating method for their COD removal rates after being cultivated for 30 days. Influences of acrylate unit chemical structure, including the alkyl chain length of the ester group, α-methyl group, and molar content of acrylate units, on the biodegradability of the sizes were investigated. The acrylate copolymers were prepared via free radical copolymerization of acrylates with acrylic acid in ethanol. The biodegradability of acrylate copolymers strongly depended on the structure and molar content of the acrylate units. After being cultivated for 30 days, poly(MA-co-AA) was biodegraded substantially and the COD removal rate exceeded 50%. However, the biodegradability of poly(BMA-co-AA) was poor and the removal rate was 10%.
Enhanced Antibacterial Properties of Polyester and Polyacrylonitrile Fabrics Using Ag-NP Dispersion/Microwave Treatment
Authors: Ibrahim N. A. , Kadry G. A. , Eid B. M. , Ibrahim H. M.
Published: March 2014

A Ag-nanoparticle (Ag-NP) dispersion was successfully synthesized using a glucose/Ag-nitrate/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)/sodium hydroxide reduction formulation. The resultant Ag-NP dispersion was successfully used alone and in combination with Disperse Orange 31 or Basic Blue 9 dyes to impart antibacterial properties against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria to polyester and polyacrylonitrile fabrics respectively using microwave treatment. An increase in Ag-NP dispersion concentration by 50% and prolonged microwave irradiation by two minutes significantly improved the antibacterial performance. The EDX spectrum of the Ag-NP loaded substrates confirmed the presence of elemental Ag (Ag0) on the fabrics’ surface. Addition of selected disperse or basic dye to the Ag-NP treatment bath produced disperse or basic dyeings with darker depth of shades and remarkable antibacterial functionality.
An Approach for Measuring Pressure Characteristics of Medical Compression Stockings
Authors: Oğlakcıoğlu Nida , Marmaralι Arzu
Published: March 2014

Medical Compression Stockings (MCS) are used as an alternative medical treatment to relieve symptoms associated with venous disorders. They are characterized by the pressure exerted on the leg. Determination of exact pressure values that the hosiery exerts on patients’ legs is the most significant requirement. To achieve a successful compression therapy a gradual decreasing pressure profile—100% at the ankle to 40% at the thigh—is required. In this study a new pressure measuring device has been developed for MCS. This new device allows a pressure profile of MCS to be developed. The advantages of technological and sensitive measurement, simulation of real wear conditions with 3-D leg shape, and flexible and customized adjustments of leg sizes are discussed.
Synthesis of a Bi-functional Cationic Agent and its Application in Cotton Dyeing
Authors: Yuan Hongping , Hauser Peter J.
Published: March 2014

A bi-functional cationic agent was synthesized and was applied for cationization of cotton fabric. Pad-batch and exhaustion application processes were compared and dyeing levelness, adsorption isotherm, and effect of Na2CO3 on fastness were discussed. Results showed that the bi-functional cationic agent treated fabrics showed similar dye-uptake and slightly higher fastness than fabrics treated with a commercial mono-reactive cationic agent when applied by a pad-batch process, but displayed a higher color yield when the two agents were applied in an exhaust application.
Toward Sustainability: Public Policy, Global Social Innovations for Base-of-the-Pyramid Markets, and Demarketing for a Better World
Authors: Varadarajan Rajan
Published: March 2014

In numerous country markets (particularly emerging and less developed markets), inadequate and/or ineffective investments in infrastructure and the resultant quantity and quality gaps in public goods (e.g., water, electricity, sanitation, public transportation) often require consumers to engage in ecologically harmful consumption behaviors that are inconsistent with their prosustainability attitudes and values. Quantity and quality gaps in public goods also have major social and economic consequences because they necessitate consumers at the base of the market pyramid to spend significant portions of their income to purchase substantially higher-priced substitute private goods. This article presents a framework of the interdependencies among public policy actions, quantity and quality gaps in public goods, abnormal demand for certain broad types of unsustainability-accentuating products (intrinsically zero demand, intrinsically lower demand, and ecologically more harmful substitute products), sustainability-facilitating consumption behaviors (consumption elimination, reduction, and redirection), and sustainability-facilitating demand effects (demand elimination, reduction, and redirection). Implications for public policy actions, global social innovations for base-of-the-pyramid markets, demarketing, and opportunities for further research are discussed.
The Informational Value of Social Tagging Networks
Authors: Nam Hyoryung , Kannan P.K.
Published: March 2014

Social tagging is a new way to share and categorize online content that enables users to express their thoughts, perceptions, and feelings with respect to diverse concepts. In social tagging, content is connected through user-generated keywords—“tags”—and is readily searchable through these tags. The rich associative information that social tagging provides marketers new opportunities to infer brand associative networks. This article investigates how the information contained in social tags can act as a proxy measure for brand performance and can predict the financial valuation of a firm. Using data collected from a social tagging and bookmarking website, Delicious, the authors examine social tagging data for 44 firms across 14 markets. After controlling for accounting metrics, media citations, and other user-generated content, they find that social tag–based brand management metrics capturing brand familiarity, favorability of associations, and competitive overlaps of brand associations can explain unanticipated stock returns. In addition, they find that in managing brand equity, it is more important for strong brands to enhance category dominance, whereas it is more critical for weak brands to enhance connectedness. These findings suggest a new way for practitioners to track, measure, and manage intangible brand equity; proactively improve brand performance; and influence a firm's financial performance.
Multidyadic Industrial Channels: Understanding Component Supplier Profits and Original Equipment Manufacturer Behavior
Authors: Dahlquist Steven H. , Griffith David A.
Published: March 2014

Industrial component suppliers (CSs) work to enhance profitability by building brand differentiation with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and indirect industrial buyers (IIBs) through their marketing investments to each member. However, as a CS increases its marketing investments to its IIB, the OEM's profit position is threatened, motivating the OEM to respond with aligning or opposing behavior. The results from a three-study, multimethod design indicate that a CS's strategy of allocating its marketing investments between its OEM and IIB increases its brand differentiation, which allows it to capture increased profits subject to conditions of uncertainty. However, the results also demonstrate that the OEM does not sit idly by as its CS invests in building brand differentiation with the IIB; rather, it reacts with both aligning and opposing behaviors to benefit from the CS's investments as well as offset the CS's gains.
Die Neuausrichtung überregionaler Verbundsysteme – die Zukunft der Bibliotheksinfrastruktur in der Cloud
Authors: Diedrichs Reiner , Conradt Volker , Schomburg Silke
Published: March 2014

Im Rahmen der DFG-Ausschreibung zur Neuausrichtung überregionaler Verbundsysteme wurden im Themenfeld 1 „Bibliotheksdateninfrastruktur und Lokale Systeme“ der DFG zwei Anträge vorgestellt. Das Szenario CIB setzte auf den raschen Weg des Outsourcings zentraler technischer Bibliotheks-Infrastrukturen zu international operierenden Systemanbietern, das Szenario libOS auf die strukturelle Konsolidierung der deutschen Verbundlandschaft.

Nach der Entscheidung für das Szenario CIB fand am 11. Oktober 2013 in Bonn eine gemeinsame Sitzung der Arbeitsgruppe „Bibliothekarisches Verbundsystem“ der Kultusministerkonferenz (KMK) und der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) zum aktuellen Stand und der weiteren Entwicklung statt. Hier wurde den Vertretern der jeweiligen Projektkonsortien Gelegenheit zur Darstellung ihrer Position hinsichtlich des CIB-Szenarios gegeben und Möglichkeiten der Kooperation erörtert. Dieser Beitrag erläutert die Position des libOS-Konsortiums von BSZ, GBV und hbz.
Der Berliner Appell – Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für die digitale Langzeitarchivierung
Authors: Hinte Oliver , Katzenberger Ruth
Published: March 2014

Der Medienwandel vom klassischen Printwerk hin zum elektronischen Medium beschäftigt Bibliotheken immer intensiver. Als traditionelle Gedächtnisinstitutionen sorgen sie dafür, dass nationales Kulturerbe für die Nachwelt verfügbar bleibt. Während die Voraussetzungen, die erfüllt werden müssen, um ein gedrucktes Buch zu erhalten, klar umrissen sind, ist die Sachlage bei elektronischen Medien wesentlich komplexer. Die Archivierung von elektronischen Inhalten stellt Bibliotheken vor ganz neue Herausforderungen.

Der Berliner Appell zum Erhalt des digitalen Kulturerbes
1

http://www.berliner-appell.org/ [Zugriff: 20. Januar 2014].

fasst diese Herausforderungen zusammen und fordert die Umsetzung konkreter Maßnahmen. Am 16. September 2013 hat sich der dbv im Rahmen einer Presseerklärung
2

http://www.bibliotheksverband.de/dbv/presse/presse-details/archive/2013/september/article/fuer-die-erhaltung-des-digitalen-kulturerbes-dbv-unterstuetzt-berliner-appell.html?tx_ttnews%5Bday%5D=16&cHash=f57bef3c15 [Zugriff: 20. Januar 2014].

ausdrücklich dem „Berliner Appell“ angeschlossen. Dieser Schritt ist mehr als begrüßenswert. Dieser Beitrag skizziert in erster Linie die rechtlichen Fragestellungen, die die digitale Langzeitarchivierung aufwirft.
Wie bereiten Hochschulen künftige Information Professionals auf die Berufswirklichkeit vor?
Authors: Seidler-de Alwis Ragna
Published: March 2014

Die dynamische und digitalisierte Berufswelt der Information Professionals erfordert erweiterte und auch neue Qualifikationen. Das Institut der Informationswissenschaft der Fachhochschule Köln möchte durch den neu akkreditierten Studiengang „Angewandte Informationswissenschaft“ diesen Anforderungen, auch durch neue Lehr- und Lernformen, nachkommen. Welche Qualifikationen werden vermittelt und welchen Herausforderungen müssen sich sowohl die Hochschule als auch die Information Professionals stellen und wie kann der unumgängliche Bezug zur Praxis sichergestellt werden?
Finite Element Analysis of SnAgCu(Zn, Co, Fe) Lead-free Solder Joints for Electronic Packaging
Authors: Zhang Liang , Cui Jun-hua , Han Ji-guang , He Cheng-wen , Guo Yong-huan , Yuan Jian-min
Published: March 2014

With the addition of Zn, Co and Fe, the microstructures and properties of SnAgCu solders can be improved obviously, the constitutive response of SnAgCu solder bearing 0.8%Zn, 0.8%Co and 0.8%Fe was studied under uniaxial tension. Anand model was used to represent the inelastic deformation behavior of the lead-free solders. The material parameters of the constitutive relations for SnAgCu(Zn,Co, Fe) solders were determined from separated constitutive relations and experimental results. Combining the model, finite element analysis (FEA) was used to study the thermally induced inelastic deformation and the stress-strain response of the solder joints in wafer-level chip scale packages (WLCSP) mounted on printed circuit boards (PCB). And it is found that the addition of Zn, Co and Fe can enhance the fatigue life of SnAgCu solder joint, the superiority can be found for the addition of Fe among the three elements.
Study on Effect of Welding Speed on Micro Structure and Mechanical Properties of Pulsed Current Micro Plasma Arc Welded AISI 304L Sheets
Authors: Prasad Kondapalli Siva , Rao Chalamalasetti Srinivasa , Rao Damera Nageswara
Published: March 2014

Micro Plasma Arc Welding (MPAW) is one of the important arc welding process commonly used in sheet metal industry for manufacturing metal bellows, metal diaphragms etc. In the present paper welding of AISI 304L austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel using pulsed current micro plasma arc welding was discussed. The paper mainly focuses on studying the weld quality characteristics like weld pool geometry parameters, microstructure, grain size, hardness and tensile properties of Pulsed Current Micro Plasma Arc Welded AISI 304L austenitic stainless steels at different welding speeds. Results show that a welding speed of 260 mm /minute yield better weld quality characteristics.
Energy Analysis in TIG Welding Process
Authors: Bhattacharya Tathagata , Bandyopadhyay Asish , Pal Pradip Kumar
Published: March 2014

An analysis of energy utilization during TIG welding process has been reported in this paper. Fifteen samples of three different diameters of pipe pieces of ASTM A 106 Gr. B, seamless type and API 5LS Gr. B, spirally welded type, are selected for experimentation. The temperatures on the external surface at different locations on each of these seamless pipes (of different diameters) during welding have been measured with the help of electronic pyrometers. The amount of total electrical energy input during welding has been recorded in the wattmeter. The convection and radiation energy losses, that take place from the surface of the pipe piece, have also been determined by using suitable mathematical expressions developed for the purpose. An overall energy balance is carried out taking into account the convection heat loss, the radiation heat loss and the unaccounted loss, for each sample. Then the variation of the ratio of the percentage of unaccounted energy loss to total weld energy input against total weld energy input has been plotted. From the graphs it is seen that with increase in diameter of the pipe and with rise in total weld energy input, the percentage unaccounted energy loss gradually decreases.
Modeling of Radial Over Cut in Electrochemical Machining of Al-B4C MMC Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Rama Rao Sadineni , Padmanabhan G.
Published: March 2014

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is increasing its importance in machining of metal matrix composites (MMC) due to some specific advantages which can be exploited during machining operation. In ECM the quality of the surface produced is also depends on the workpiece physical and electrical properties along with the process parameters like voltage, feed rate, electrolyte concentration, type of electrolyte, current, gap between electrodes etc. Therefore, in the present work the percentage of reinforcement of the particulates in the matrix is considered one of the process parameters along with the applied voltage, electrode feed rate and electrolyte concentration. A mathematical prediction model of the radial over cut (ROC) was developed using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of electrochemical machining parameters on the Radial over cut were evaluated. The contour plots were drawn to study the effect of various process parameters and their interaction. In this work the predicted values and measured values are quite close to each other. Therefore, the developed model can be effectively used to predict the radial over cut on electrochemical machining of Al-B4C composites.
Optimization of Wear Parameters Considering Specific Energy Equivalence during Two-body Abrasion of ‘EPDM’ Rubber
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Abhijit
Published: March 2014

With several renewed and advanced researches in the recent past rubber, a viscoelastic material, emerges as a very suitable and important material for various engineering and other applications. EPDM rubber, one of the dominant elastomer, has a major application as seal in automobile doors, windows and other parts along with different other uses. Rubbers, in general have good abrasion resistance. But abrasion will lead to the impairment of the desired function of the components. Thus, the evaluation of abrasion, whatever small may be, is important.

In the present work mere mass loss has not been considered as a measure of abrasion. On the contrary, an ideal function, specific energy has been modeled utilizing the concept of grinding operation. Abrasion has been interpreted in terms of specific energy. The modeled ideal function can be interpreted in two different ways. If abrasion, that is, mass loss is to be minimized then the specific energy of the material should have maximum value. Otherwise, from energy perspective, if the energy is to be minimized then more material must have to be removed in a single pass thus maximizing the mass loss. However, in the present work the objective is to understand the operating conditions which will give minimum loss of EPDM rubber when abrasion takes place. This theoretical study is a part of characterization of EPDM rubber from tribological point of view and primarily based on controlled laboratory experimentation conditions. It is need less to be mentioned that in real life applications the noise factors, as have been selected for the study, are beyond control in that sense and thus abrasion of EPDM can't be predicted through this model. However, in case of automated door and window locking system of automobiles, metros etc. this model will have some meaningful application potential.
A Review on Hard Turning by using Design of Experiments
Authors: Bhemuni V.P. , Chalamalasetti S.R.
Published: March 2014

Hard turning is the process of machining hardened steels that are above 45HRC. In manufacturing, hard turning has emerged as a potential area because of its many advantages over grinding as a finishing operation. In the present paper, a review is done on Design of Experiment (DOE) techniques that have been employed on various hard turning processes by researchers. DOE is one of the widely used methods for experimental study of many manufacturing processes in engineering. It is a statistical approach in which a mathematical model is developed through a minimum of experimental runs. DOE predicts the possible output, based on the given input parameters in an experiment. The present study predominantly focuses on the usage of Response Surface Method, Taguchi’s method and Factorial method in hard turning.
Rapid Spectrotemporal Plasticity in Primary Auditory Cortex during Behavior
Authors: Yin Pingbo , Fritz Jonathan B. , Shamma Shihab A.
Published: March 2014

Complex natural and environmental sounds, such as speech and music, convey information along both spectral and temporal dimensions. The cortical representation of such stimuli rapidly adapts when animals become actively engaged in discriminating them. In this study, we examine the nature of these changes using simplified spectrotemporal versions (upward vs downward shifting tone sequences) with domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius). Cortical processing rapidly adapted to enhance the contrast between the two discriminated stimulus categories, by changing spectrotemporal receptive field properties to encode both the spectral and temporal structure of the tone sequences. Furthermore, the valence of the changes was closely linked to the task reward structure: stimuli associated with negative reward became enhanced relative to those associated with positive reward. These task- and-stimulus-related spectrotemporal receptive field changes occurred only in trained animals during, and immediately following, behavior. This plasticity was independently confirmed by parallel changes in a directionality function measured from the responses to the transition of tone sequences during task performance. The results demonstrate that induced patterns of rapid plasticity reflect closely the spectrotemporal structure of the task stimuli, thus extending the functional relevance of rapid task-related plasticity to the perception and learning of natural sounds such speech and animal vocalizations.
Multisensory Response Modulation in the Superficial Layers of the Superior Colliculus
Authors: Ghose Dipanwita , Maier Alexander , Nidiffer Aaron , Wallace Mark T.
Published: March 2014

The mammalian superior colliculus (SC) is made up of seven distinct layers. Based on overall differences in neuronal morphology, afferent and efferent projection patterns, physiological properties, and presumptive behavioral role, the upper three layers have been classically grouped together as the superficial layers and the remaining four layers collectively make up the deep layers. Although the superficial layers receive their primary inputs from the retina and primary visual cortex, the deep layers receive inputs from extrastriate visual cortical areas and from auditory, somatosensory, and motor-related structures. In contrast, there is no evidence of monosynaptic nonvisual inputs to the superficial layers. However, more recent studies have revealed anatomical connections between the superficial and deep layers, thus providing the substrate for possible communication between these two functional divisions of the SC. In this study, we provide physiological evidence for auditory influences on visual responses in the superficial layers of the SC. Using extracellular recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) and multiunit activity, we demonstrate multisensory effects in the superficial layers of the cat SC such that subthreshold auditory activity (as seen in the LFP) modulates visual responses (reflected in spiking activity) when the two stimuli are presented together. These results have important implications for our understanding of the functional organization of the SC and for the neural basis of multisensory integration in general.
Expression of the Developmental Transcription FactorFezf2Identifies a Distinct Subpopulation of Layer 5 Intratelencephalic-Projection Neurons in Mature Mouse Motor Cortex
Authors: Tantirigama Malinda L. S. , Oswald Manfred J. , Duynstee Celine , Hughes Stephanie M. , Empson Ruth M.
Published: March 2014

The transcription factor encoded by Fez family zinc finger 2 (Fezf2) is necessary for normal development of the cerebral cortex. However,Fezf2continues to be expressed in the mature brain, indicating that it might also be necessary for cortical function throughout life. Here, we show a unique identity ofFezf2-expressing intratelencephalic-projection neurons (IT-PNs) in layer 5 of the mature mouse motor cortex, using aFezf2–Gfpreporter mouse,in vivoretrograde labeling, whole-cell electrophysiology with morphology reconstruction, and cluster analysis.Fezf2-expressing IT-PNs occupy layer 5A and display an apical dendritic tuft; functionally, they fire broad, adapting action potentials and exhibit anIh-mediated voltage sag that influences their synaptic properties. In contrast, IT-PNs withoutFezf2expression mainly occupy layer 5B, do not display a tuft, and exhibit regular action potential firing and little sag. Both groups of IT-PNs demonstrated distinct frequency-selective synaptic responses to commissural inputs, indicating unique contributions within the cortical microcircuitry. Our findings establish a new, distinct physiological identity ofFezf2-expressing neurons within mature motor cortex.