bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A VOLTA À GRANDE DISCIPLINA: PROCESSOS E RESULTADOS HISTÓRICOS
Authors: Passos João Décio , Sanchez Wagner Lopes
Published: May 2024

A reflexão parte das constatações sobre a conjuntura eclesial elaboradas por João Batista Libanio em sua obra A volta à grande disciplina. O enquadramento dos sujeitos eclesiais da era pós-conciliar, inspirado nos padrões identitários tridentinos, constituía um projeto em andamento no início dos anos oitenta. Esse propósito tomou formas nesses quarenta anos e construiu um legado que hoje configura uma conjuntura inédita, distante de uma pretensa unidade de imaginário e de disciplina. A reflexão indica a crise do modelo de enquadramento desde a renúncia de Bento XVI e as contradições hoje enfrentadas por seu sucessor com os projetos de reforma inadiável da Igreja.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Conjuntura. Identidade. Igreja. Restauração. Reforma. Tradicionalismo.
How to Improved MSMEs Competitiveness in Indonesia?: Augmented Reality for Digital Marketing Innovation
Authors: Situmorang Robinson , Kustandi Cecep , Khaerudin
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the development of Augmented Reality (AR) as a digital marketing innovation in tourist villages in West Java. This research uses the Borg and Gall (2003) development model with quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The research results show that this mobile-based AR is said to be feasible for use with an average feasibility test value of 78.7%. The implication of this research is tourist villages in promoting their tourism potential starting from tourist destinations to MSMEs. Apart from that, the presence of MSMEs can also encourage the potential of culinary tourism in tourist villages so that they can develop further following technological developments.
Developing a Gamified Digital Learning Media to Cultivate Singing Skills for Junior High School Students
Authors: Wulandari  , Sutimin Leo Agung , Santosa Eka Budhi
Published: May 2024

Digital learning media based on gamification is rarely found in singing education, yet the impact of utilizing such learning tools cannot be underestimated. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a gamified digital learning media product for cultural arts education in junior high schools. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, focusing on the development and validation process of gamified digital learning media suitable for educational purposes. The research subjects consist of media experts, content experts, and cultural arts teachers from State Junior High School 3 Grogol, Sukoharjo. Data collection techniques involve a media validation questionnaire, which is then analyzed using percentages and described to provide an overview of the suitability level of this gamified media. The research results indicate that the average validation results obtained from media experts I and II are 86%, while the average results from content experts I and II are also 86%. After being validated by the cultural arts teachers, the gamified media received an average total score of 87% from three teachers, all falling under the 'very good' qualification. Therefore, based on the assessments of media experts, content experts, and teachers, it is concluded that the gamified digital learning media product is categorized as 'suitable' for use as an alternative cultural arts learning media in State Junior High School 3 Grogol. The existence of this appropriate media undoubtedly stands as an innovative learning tool, incorporating gaming elements to enrich the process of singing skills.
On the Origin of John Philoponus’s De contingentia mundi
Authors: Mandolino Giovanni
Published: May 2024

The article re-examines the question of the origin of a text by the sixth-century Greek philosopher and Christian theologian John Philoponus, extant only as an epitome in Arabic translation, the so-called De contingentia mundi. It analyses the evidence for the existence of an anti-eternalist work by Philoponus in addition to those known in Greek and examines the correspondence between a portion of the Arabic epitome and a Greek fragment of Philoponus’s Against Aristotle that was preserved by Simplicius. Based on the vocabulary and phraseology of the epitome, the article proposes to attribute the Arabic epitome to the circle of the ninth-century Muslim philosopher al-Kindī. Finally, the article attempts to explain the evidence concerning the transmission of the epitome in milieus as diverse as that early Islamic philosophical circle and the later Christian Arabic tradition, which preserved it.
A multi-center clinical study on the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with Qubi Yangge Decoction combined with three steps and nine methods of whole knee
Authors: Zhang Shuming , Ye Jie , Jin Zhenxiong , Zhou Xiaoning , Xu Jinhai , Mo Wen
Published: May 2024

Background
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA) is the type of osteoarthritis with the highest incidence, the most common clinical, and the greatest damage to individuals and society. The combination of traditional Chinese decoction and manipulation has been proved to be effective in the treatment of KOA. However, no evidence-based medical research has been organized to assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of KOA.
Methods
In this multicenter randomized positive controlled clinical trial, 144 eligible patients from four clinical trial centers will be randomly divided into a treatment group (Qubi Yangge Decoction combined with three steps and nine methods of whole knee) and a control group (oral western medicine and physiotherapy). Before and after the intervention, the main efficacy indicators included WOMAC osteoarthritis index questionnaire; VAS visual analogue pain score; Sf-36 score of quality of Life Evaluation Scale. The above indexes were recorded once before treatment, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment. During the treatment period, any signs of acute adverse eventswill be recorded at each visit.
Discussion
Although Qubi Yangge Decoction combined with three steps and nine methods of whole knee in treating of KOA has been used in China for many years, there is no consensus on its effectiveness. This experiment will provide convincing evidence of the efficacy of Qubi Yangge Decoction combined with three steps and nine methods of whole knee in the treatment of KOA.
Trial registration:
The clinical trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Database (registration number ChiCTR2000036077).
The Impact of Histone Post-translational Modifications H3K9me on Same Gene Mutation Rate in Fission Yeast
Authors: Abdalla Ola , Walker Cameron
Published: May 2024

Mutations are the driving force behind genetic variation, fueling both the oncogenesis and evolution of species. The mutation rate varies across the genome, potentially in response to chromatin organization by histone modifications and other factors. However, the exact relationship between the two is yet to be fully understood and requires further investigation. One modification involves the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9, which creates heterochromatin and represses transcription in euchromatin to maintain genome stability for organism survival. This study aimed to determine the effect of H3K9 methylation alone, without other histone markers, on the mutation rate in fission yeast using fluctuation assays and statistical analysis. Our groundbreaking method has been proven to accurately estimate mutation rates of a single gene under two different conditions in a single experiment using one isogenic clone. Our research results demonstrate that the H3K9me markers increase the phenotypic mutation rate of the same gene. For prospective researchers, this study presents an innovative experimental approach that ensures unparalleled accuracy in gene analysis for genetics applications and epigenetic therapy.
Femoral Neck Shaft Angle Measurement for Differentiating Femoral Head
Stress Fracture from Avascular Necrosis
Authors: Kim Dong Kyu , Lee Kyu-Chong , Ahn Kyung-Sik , Kang Chang Ho
Published: May 2024

Objective:

The study aimed to evaluate whether the measurement of Femoral Neck Shaft Angle (FNSA) can be helpful in differentiating femoral head Stress
Fracture (SF) from Avascular Necrosis (AVN).

Methods:

From September 2019 to April 2022, sixty-four patients [median age 32.0 years, interquartile range (IQR) 23.0–39.0 years] who underwent both
hip radiograph and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and diagnosed as femoral head SF or AVN were included in our retrospective study.
Patients were divided into as having either femoral head SF (n = 34) or AVN (n = 30). The FNSA was measured in anteroposterior hip
radiography. Continuous values were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. The assessment of the predictive value of FNSA for femoral head
SF was performed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results:

The FNSA was significantly higher in patients with SF (median 133.5°, IQR 128.0–136.7°) than those with AVN (median 127.5°, IQR
124.0–132.0°) (p = 0.001). In addition, the FNSA was significantly higher in SF femurs (median 134.8°, IQR 129.2–137.4°) than in contralateral
normal femurs (median 127.1°, IQR 124.3–132.5°) in patients with unilateral femoral head SF (n = 30) (p < 0.001). In ROC analysis, the
sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) for predicting the femoral head SF were 77.3%, 63.3%, and 0.785 (95% confidence
interval: 0.666–0.905), respectively, at a cutoff of 130.2°.

Conclusion:

Increased FNSA was associated with femoral head SF; thus, measurement of FNSA could be helpful for differentiating femoral head SF from
AVN.
MR Imaging of Typical Ovarian Hemangioma: A Case Report
Authors: Yu Xiaoli , Zheng Qingqing , Ai Min , Zhang Hanghang , Li Chuanming , Feng Junbang , Zhou Jing
Published: May 2024

Background:

Ovarian hemangioma is an extremely rare tumor with atypical clinical manifestations, often discovered incidentally during autopsy or surgery.
Approximately 60 cases have been reported in the past, but no more than 10 cases have been investigated by MRI and ultrasound (US).

Case Presentation:

ln this paper, we reported a 51-year-old female patient with Ovarian Hemangioma who had no symptoms of abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal
bleeding or discharge, or any other discomfort. Laboratory tests revealed an elevated serum carbohydrate antigen (CA125) of 48.99U/ml (reference
range: 0-35U/ml). Multiparametric 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic solid mass with a clear boundary and regular shape in
the left ovarian area and minimal ascites in the abdominal cavity. The histological examination of the mass confirmed an ovarian hemangioma.

Conclusion:

The MRI findings of ovarian hemangiomas are highly similar to those observed in hepatic hemangiomas, emphasizing the distinctive radiological
characteristics specific to this condition in the ovary. This paper presents an overview of the typical MRI findings associated with ovarian
hemangioma, which holds great importance for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
Evaluating Ocular Blood Flow in Diabetic Macular Edema using Three-dimensional
Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling
Authors: Sun Jiao , Wang Huihui , Wang Yan-ling
Published: May 2024

Background:

Alterations in ocular blood flow play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema; however, this remains unclear.

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate ocular blood flow in eyes with or without diabetic macular edema using arterial spin labeling.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 118 eyes of 65 patients with diabetic retinopathy analyzed between November 2018 and December 2019. We
included a total of 53 eyes without diabetic macular edema (mean [SD] age, 57.83 [7.23] years; 29 men [54.7%]) and 65 eyes with diabetic
macular edema (mean [SD] age, 60.11 [7.63] years; 38 men [58.5%]). Using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging, participants were imaged with
arterial spin labeling with multiple post-labeling delays.

Results:

The mean ocular blood flow at post-labeling delays of 1.5 and 2.5 s was significantly lower in eyes with diabetic macular edema among patients
with diabetic retinopathy compared with the remaining subgroups (P=0.022 and P <0.001, respectively). The mean ocular blood flow exhibited a
significant decrease in eyes with diabetic macular edema when the post-labeling delay was set at 2.5 s in the nonproliferative and proliferative
diabetic retinopathy groups, compared with the remaining subgroups (P=0.005 and P=0.002, respectively). The cutoff points of ocular blood flow
at post-labeling delays of 1.5 s and 2.5 s were 9.40 and 11.10 mL/100 g/min, respectively.

Conclusion:

Three-dimensional pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling can identify differences in the ocular blood flow of patients with diabetic eyes with and
without diabetic macular edema.
Investigation of Total Phenol Content in Red Pomegranate Leaves Extract (Punica granatum L.)
Authors:   Universitas Islam Malang, Januarista Terra , Mubarakati Nurul Jadid ,   Universitas Islam Malang, Ramadhan Majida ,   Universitas Islam Malang
Published: May 2024

Red pomegranate leaves (Punica granatum L.) is one of the plants that has many benefits and potential as herbal medicine. Red pomegranate leaves have bioactivities such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and terpenoids so that they can be used as an alternative antioxidant. This study aims to determine the comparison of the amount of total phenol content in red pomegranate leaves extract using maceration and digestion extraction methods. Total phenol content was determined using the Folin Ciocalteau method with a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The research method carried out was descriptive experimental quantitative and data analysis was carried out using one way ANOVA. The results of the determination of total phenol content in gallic acid obtained a regression equation y = 0.012x + 0.545 with R2 = 0.9981. The results showed that the total phenol content in the ethanol extract of red pomegranate leaves was greater with the maceration method of 91.83 (µg GAE/g sample) compared to the digestion method of 83.27 (µg GAE/g sample). It can be concluded that the two methods used on red pomegranate leaf samples have no significant difference in total phenol content.
The Evaluation of Generative AI Should Include Repetition to Assess Stability
Authors: Zhu Lingxuan , Mou Weiming , Hong Chenglin , Yang Tao , Lai Yancheng , Qi Chang , Lin Anqi , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng
Published: May 2024

The increasing interest in the potential applications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models like ChatGPT in health care has prompted numerous studies to explore its performance in various medical contexts. However, evaluating ChatGPT poses unique challenges due to the inherent randomness in its responses. Unlike traditional AI models, ChatGPT generates different responses for the same input, making it imperative to assess its stability through repetition. This commentary highlights the importance of including repetition in the evaluation of ChatGPT to ensure the reliability of conclusions drawn from its performance. Similar to biological experiments, which often require multiple repetitions for validity, we argue that assessing generative AI models like ChatGPT demands a similar approach. Failure to acknowledge the impact of repetition can lead to biased conclusions and undermine the credibility of research findings. We urge researchers to incorporate appropriate repetition in their studies from the outset and transparently report their methods to enhance the robustness and reproducibility of findings in this rapidly evolving field.
Psychotherapy 2.0 - Application Context and Effectiveness of Sensor Technology in Psychotherapy with Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Alt Annika Kristin , Pascher Anja , Seizer Lennart , Finkbeiner Marlene , Conzelmann Annette , Renner Tobias J.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

E-mental health applications have been increasingly used in the psychotherapeutic care of patients for several years. State-of-the-art sensor technology could be used to determine digital biomarkers for the diagnosis of mental disorders.

OBJECTIVE

Furthermore, by integrating sensors into treatment, relevant contextual information (e.g. field of gaze, stress levels) could be made transparent and improve the treatment of people with mental disorders. An overview over studies on this approach would be useful to provide information about the current status quo.

METHODS

A systematic review of the use of sensor technology in psychotherapy for children and adolescents was conducted with the aim of investigating the use and effectiveness of sensory technology in psychotherapy treatment. Five databases were searched for studies ranging from 2000 to 2023. The study was registered by PROSPERO (CRD42023374219), conducted according to Cochrane recommendations and used the PRISMA reporting guideline.

RESULTS

Of the 38.560 hits in the search, only 11 publications met the inclusion criteria, including 3 RCTs, 7 pilot studies and a pre-registered study with a total of 257 subjects. The study population consisted of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years with mental disorders such as OCD, anxiety disorders, PTSD, anorexia nervosa and autism. The psychotherapy methods investigated were mostly cognitive behavioral therapy (face-to-face contact) with the treatment method of exposure for various disorders. In most cases, ECG, EDA, eye-tracking and movement sensors were used to measure vital parameters. The heterogeneous studies illustrate a variety of potential useful applications of sensor technology in psychotherapy for adolescents. In some cases, the feasibility of the sensor-based therapy approach has been proven.

CONCLUSIONS

Sensors might enrich psychotherapy in different application contexts. However, so far there is still a lack of further randomized controlled clinical studies that provide reliable findings on the effectiveness of sensory therapy in psychotherapy for children and adolescents. This could stimulate the embedding of such technologies into psychotherapeutic process.

CLINICALTRIAL

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023374219, identifier [CRD42023374219].
Implications of the European Union's New Regulation on Artificial Intelligence (2024) on its Clinical Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Rodríguez Dos Santos Nuria , González Samuel , Herrero Rubén-David , Beunza Juan-Jose
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

On March 13, 2024, the Parliament sanctioned the inaugural comprehensive artificial intelligence (AI) statute globally. The European Union deems the governance of this technology as crucial, in light of potential infringements upon fundamental rights and public freedoms, detrimental impacts on the environment, and the integrity of democratic frameworks. Conversely, the undeniable advances in the medical domain necessitate the regulation of such technology to bolster investments and research, thereby providing the requisite legal certainty for users/patients, professionals, enterprises, and investors.

The Regulation acknowledges the potential perils certain AI applications pose to fundamental rights, enacting prohibitions on practices such as biometric categorization, emotion recognition, and social scoring, among others. Nevertheless, the Regulation does not neglect the significance of medical research and, recognizing the imperative for support of new technologies and innovation, permits research with fewer constraints compared to the commercial use of AI algorithms in healthcare.
Експресія нейрон-специфічної єнолази в сітківці та вплив на неї агоніста бензодіазепінових рецепторів карбацетаму при експериментальній діабетичній ретинопатії
Authors: Zyablitzev S.V. , Zhupan D.B.
Published: May 2024

Актуальність. На сьогодні визнано, що в патогенезі діабетичної ретинопатії (ДР) поряд з розвитком судинних порушень у сітківці незалежно розвивається дисфункція нейронів і процеси нейродегенерації. Метою наших досліджень було визначення експресії нейрон-специфічної єнолази (NSE) у сітківці на початкових стадіях розвитку експериментальної ДР і впливу на неї агоніста бензодіазепінових рецепторів карбацетаму. Матеріали та методи. У 45 трьохмісячних щурів-самців лінії Wistar моделювали ДР шляхом одноразового введення стрептозотоцину (50 мг/кг; Sigma-Aldrich, Co, China). Щурів було розподілено на 3 групи: контрольна, з уведенням інсуліну (30 ОД; Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark) і з уведенням інсуліну й карбацетаму (5 мг/кг). Імуногістохімічно в сітківці виявляли NSE (ThermoFisher Scietific, USA). Результати. У сітківці щурів з експериментальною ДР NSE-позитивне забарвлення мали гангліонарні клітини, нейрони внутрішнього і зовнішнього ядерних шарів і внутрішній сегмент фоторецепторів. Інтенсивність забарвлення в контрольній групі збільшувалася до 14-ї доби, після чого лишалася на низькому рівні. У внутрішньому ядерному шарі спостерігалося фонове забарвлення, на тлі якого візуалізувалися численні нервові волокна. Через 2 місяці в контрольній групі загальна інтенсивність забарвлення в нейронах сітківки була слабкою, NSE-позитивні клітини групувалися навколо мікроаневризм, які на цей час утворювалися по внутрішній поверхні сітківки. У зовнішньому ядерному шарі формувалися численні клітинні фіброзні проліферати. Застосування інсуліну сприяло збереженню NSE-позитивно забарвлених клітин у шарах сітківки при зменшенні інтенсивності фонового забарвлення. Застосування інсуліну з карбацетамом посилювало цю тенденцію: NSE-позитивне забарвлення виявлялося в гангліонарних клітинах, клітинах внутрішнього ядерного шару і внутрішньому сегменті фоторецепторів. При цьому утворення мікроаневризм і клітинних проліфератів не спостерігалося. Висновки. У даному дослідженні показаний ефект карбацетаму щодо запобігання розвитку процесів нейродегенерації та збереження NSE-позитивних нейронів сітківки при ДР.
A Longitudinal Study of Supply Chain Risk Management Relative to COSOâ€™s Enterprise Risk Management Framework
Authors: Curkovic Sime , Scannell Thomas , Wagner Bret , Vitek Michael
Published: May 2024

This longitudinal study used paired survey responses gathered over a two year period to identify supplychain risk management (SCRM) strategies and to frame the findings within the context of TheCommittee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) ERM framework. The research found an increasingrecognition of the need for ERM and SCRM, but integration of strategies, capabilities and resources islacking. Respondents indicated an increased use of hedging, approved supplier lists, supplier financialanalysis, supplier performance monitoring and information gathering to manage supply chain risks.The COSO ERM framework provides a foundation for supply managers to raise awareness of the needfor SCRM, and to integrate and execute SCRM.
Strengths vs. Strong Position: Rethinking the Nature of SWOT Analysis
Authors: Clardy Alan
Published: May 2024

The analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) has long been recommendedas the foundation for strategy. In spite of this popularity, the actual procedure remains vaguelyoperationalized, and both descriptive and empirical accounts of its use (as noted here) indicate bothconceptual and procedural problems. After reviewing the development of SWOT in the strategyliterature, examples of SWOT analyses are noted. A variety of criticisms of the SWOT method areexamined, leading to a summary of key principles for SWOT analysis. A new, five-step method forcarrying out SWOT is proposed based on critical customer values and competitor comparisons,producing an assessment of organizational strengths in terms of strong product positioning. Thismethod is illustrated by a case analysis of a graduate degree program. The implications of SWOTanalysis for analyzing threats are considered in some detail, stressing the importance of competitiveintelligence as part of this process.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME WOMEN
Authors: MANOHAR R. , PRASUNA P. LAKSHMI , BAJIMA K. AMAL , REDDY M. HARITHA , VARDHAN REDDY S. NANDI , BABU T. SAMUEL
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety ranges in women having Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). Methods: An epidemiological observational study on 80 PCOS patients confirmed through ultrasound scanning over a study period of 6 mo at Government General Hospital, RIMS, KADAPA. HAM-D and HAM-A assessment scales were used to analyze the severity of depression and anxiety in PCOS women. Results: Among 80 patients, the prevalence of depression is 86.25% (n=69) and anxiety is 93.75% (n=75). Among 69 depressed patients 38 mild, 28 moderate, and 3 severe ranges were noted. Among 75 patients with anxiety, 52 mild, 18 moderate, and 5 severe ranges were noted. The age of the patient does not show a major difference in the development of depression and anxiety. PCOS women who married and have children (n=45) were mostly affected with depression (n=39) and anxiety (n=43). Menstrual irregularity in PCOS patients with depression and anxiety is majorly seen among those who have last menstrual between 30–60 d. Middle-income patients were affected by depression and anxiety greatly, according to this study. Conclusion: We conclude that the prevalence rate of depression and anxiety is greater in PCOS patients.
A REVIEW ON TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLE
Authors: GHARAT SAKSHI , GHADGE AISHWARYA , PHALAK SWAPNIL D. , BODKE VISHAL , GAVAND ADITI , GANVIR DARSHANA , GAIKWAD DEEPTI
Published: May 2024

In recent years, there has been a rise in interest in the development of novel drug delivery systems that utilize nanoparticles. In terms of high stability, high specificity, high drug-carrying capacity, controlled release, the ability to use different routes of administration, and the ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules, nanoparticles can offer significant advantages over conventional drug delivery. We try to provide a detailed overview of template techniques designed for nanomaterial production. The pores and channels in the nanoporous “template” structures are used to generate the desired nanomaterials in template synthesis. Because this process has advantages over other methods, like allowing precise control over their size, shape, and structure, it is commonly used to generate nanoparticles. The first half of the review provides information on various template preparation processes. Templates are classified as “hard” or “soft” templates. Soft templates are often fluid-like, whereas hard templates are typically solid-state materials with distinct morphology and structure. This study discusses the effect of templates on morphologies and methodology and compares hard and soft templates.
Elimination study of intact lipid nanocapsules after intravenous rat administration
Authors: Lebreton Vincent , Legeay Samuel , Rapenne Clara , Saulnier Patrick , Lagarce Frédéric
Published: May 2024

Aim: The present study investigated renal elimination after intravenous administration of four different formulations of lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) containing dyes adapted to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET-LNCs). Materials & methods: FRET-LNCs of 85 or 50 nm with or without a pegylated surface were injected and collected in the blood or urine of rats at different time points. Quantitative analysis was performed to measure intact FRET-LNCs. Results & conclusion: No intact LNCs were found in urine (0 particles/ml) for all formulations. The 50-nm pegylated LNCs were eliminated faster from the blood, whereas 85-nm pegylated LNCS were eliminated slower than nonpegylated LNCs. Elimination of FRET-LNCs was mainly due to liver tissue interaction and not renal elimination.
THE IMPACT OF MOBILE ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL) IN DEVELOPING THE SPEAKING SKILL: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Alzieni Hussam
Published: May 2024

Mobile technology and its applications are among the technologies in education developing the fastest. They present an alluring chance to access numerous information sources at any time and location. In the study context, students who enrol on the Foundation program at Dubai Men’s College in the United Arab Emirates (the UAE) suffer from a cumulative lack of language proficiency in general and speaking proficiency in particular. The study’s primary purpose was to examine the impact of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on students’ English language speaking skills. The study also examined how teachers perceived MALL’s effect on students’ speaking skills. The research question was: To what extent did students’ speaking skills in the experimental group develop through MALL compared to those in the control group? This subject was addressed using a mixed-method approach, including qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. A quasi-experiment of 66 students formed an experimental and a control group, and 20 teachers were involved. The results showed that the experimental group had statistically significant differences from the control group. The study emphasised the advantages of adopting MALL to develop students’ speaking skills, particularly those unmotivated.
A CLAUSE COMPLEX ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM STATEMENT SECTIONS IN MPHIL THESES ACROSS THREE DISCIPLINES IN A GHANAIAN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Abedu Lucy Amoah , Afful Joseph Benjamin Archibald , Insaidoo Harry Ato
Published: May 2024

Academic writing is considered persuasive (Hyland 2008) and as post-graduate-students negotiate their entry into the research community, they are expected to build a formidable argument to create a research space for themselves in their research problem statements. As such, how they build logical connections of ideas in their problem statements is key, varying from one discipline to the other. This study explores the Problem Statement sections of MPhil theses, using Halliday and Matthiessen’s (2004/2014) notion of clause complexing in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Specifically, the study focused on the tactic and the logico-semantic relations of the Problem Statements sections of three disciplines: Mathematics, Nursing, and English Language in the University of Cape Coast, Ghana.  The findings reveal that regarding the basic clause complex structure of the three disciplines, English Language uses a lot of clause complexes compared to the other disciplines. Also, all three disciplines use considerable hypotactic relations and hypotactic projection of locution instead of idea since in the problem statements, writers report what others have said and not their own thoughts. In terms of relations of expansion, there are variations in the three disciplines, with English language favoring elaboration whilst Mathematics favor extension and enhancement. The use of expansion relations for Nursing is closer to that of English language. It is suggested that clause complexing is not only determined by genre and mode but also conventions of academic discipline. The findings have implication for theory and disciplinarity in academic writing.
THE PREFERRED EXTERNALITIES-CORRECTING SYSTEM FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Đinđić Srđan
Published: May 2024

This study sets two goals which are represented by the answers to the following two basic questions. What are the possibilities of national policy-makers in terms of the efficient correction of negative externalities? Since available externality correction systems give suboptimal ex post results, which system is preferable, and under what conditions? The possibilities of the policy-maker to ensure the social optimum are determined by ‘enlightenment’ (‘knowledge’) and ‘commitment’ to social goals. When the actual (ex post) marginal private costs for emission reduction are higher than the planned (ex ante) marginal private costs for emission reduction, and when the marginal social benefit is elastic, the Cap-and-Trade system is more undesirable than the price system. When the actual (ex post) marginal private costs for emission reduction are greater than the planned (ex ante) marginal private costs for emission reduction, and when the marginal social benefit is inelastic, the price system is more undesirable than Cap-and-Trade system.
Enhancing Spam Filtering: A Machine Learning Approach to SMS and Email Fraud Classification
Authors: Kavitha Mrs. T. , Rao M Lakshmana , Harshavardhan Arava , Pallamraju T S Sivamani , Sasank Rapaka
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Spam is an unsolicited text message or SMS that may contain malicious content and is sent on mobile devices. Fraudsters send fictitious texts in an attempt to get victims to reply to their messages, and they may also steal account numbers, passwords, and other private information. It was suggested to use a model built around algorithms for machine learning to prevent falling for scammers' tricks. The Naïve Bayes method and term frequencies-inverse document frequency vectorizer are used to implement the suggested model. acquired the dataset from the Kaggle database and used it to train the model. The PyCharm IDE can be used to access the local host webpage that makes up this model. The obtained findings indicate a 95% accuracy and 100% precision for the model.
Characterization of land use, from a social, economic and environmental dynamics
Authors: Ceballos-Freire Alvaro Javier , Muñoz Diego Andrés , Benavides Iván Felipe , Tobar Carlos Julio
Published: May 2024

Lack of data regarding the agricultural activities in the area of Imués (Nariño, Colombia) has hindered understanding of current land uses and their impacts on natural resources, which causes this area to be considered one of the most arid in the region. To comprehend these processes, a description of the main land uses and agricultural and livestock production systems was made. This was carried out from a social, economic, and environmental dynamic through the characterization and typification of farms. Groups or clusters were constructed, which were previously subjected to qualitative statistical analysis, using the multiple correspondence factor analysis (MCAF) method. Subsequently, the hierarchical classification method was applied. The MCAF was able to establish four factors that were framed in the interaction of climate, altitude, and the productive component associated with it. Similarly, taking into account the social, economic, and environmental perspectives, it was determined that these groups, under their particularities and agricultural vocations, exert pressure on the territory's strategic ecosystems and diversity of flora and fauna. This makes their rural activities unsustainable. It was also found that there is a vocation for livestock exploitation and some minor species in the middle and high-altitude zones of the territory. However, it was established for other groupings that their major typologies were associated with conventional management without any planning. This generates negative impacts on soil resources, such as erosion and forest fragmentation, together with the expansion of the agricultural frontier.
Inhibition of some multidrug-resistant bacteria using prepared essential oil Nanoemulsion formulas and their mode of action
Authors: Amasha Reda H
Published: May 2024

Objective: The use of essential oils for the preparation of different nanoemulsions (NEa, NEb and NEc) and detect their biological activities. 
Methods: Nanoemulsiona were prepared by mixing the essential oil (10 %) of Coriandrum seed of  Coriandrum sativum, Ginger roots of Zingiber officinale,  or Achillea leaves of Achillea clavennae), sterile water, and surfactants (Brij 30, Span 20, Triton X-100, Tween 60) in addition to the 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.22). The three prepared nanoemulsions were examined and characterized. Their antibacterial activities were examined against some multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and negative bacteria.
Results: The maximum activity was recorded By NEb against Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aurous, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus while lower activity was obtained against Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the NEb ranged from 40-60 µl/ml of the nutrient broth. NEb affects the cell counts and morphology of S. marcescens and destroys the bacterial cells by reducing cell respiration and enhancing the cell permeability and leakage of protein, DNA, and potassium of the bacterial cell membrane. NEb recorded no toxicity against Artimia salina and HaCaT cell line. It decreases biofilm formation by 51%, bacterial infection, and cell attachment.
Conclusion: This study suggests that NEs have great antibacterial activity against some human pathogens and process different modes of action, thus they can be used effectively to treat different bacterial infections.
O catálogo A África na vida e na cultura do Brasil: confluências entre os estudos de folclore e os estudos étnico-raciais
Authors: Silva Ana Teles
Published: May 2024

Em 1977, o antropólogo e estudioso de folclore Manuel Diégues Júnior produziu para o 2nd World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture, em Nigéria, Lagos, Kaduna, o catálogo denominado A África na vida e na cultura do Brasil. Essa publicação, encomendada a Diégues pelo Departamento Cultural do Ministério das Relações Exteriores, buscou produzir um panorama sobre a influência africana em várias esferas da cultura brasileira. Para escrever esse catálogo, Diégues lançou mão de uma rede de especialistas, estudiosos de folclore, historiadores e antropólogos de diversos estados brasileiros que pudessem informá-lo sobre as características da influência africana em seus estados, e a partir disso construiu uma síntese histórica e geográfica sobre a dita África no Brasil. Neste trabalho pretendemos, a partir da análise do referido catálogo e da rede de relações e trajetória profissional de Diegues, compreender que imagem da África no Brasil é construída. Ao longo do trabalho mostramos que essa imagem se desenvolve no seio das confluências entre estudos de folclore, estudos étnico-raciais e antropologia.
Potensi Metil Jasmonat dan Asam Salisilat Sebagai Elisitor Dalam Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.)
Authors: Rosniawaty Santi , Bahjatien Isnaini Dzatie , Soleh Mochamad Arief , Ariyanti Mira , Sudirja Rija
Published: May 2024

Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) adalah salah satu tanaman obat yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Bagian tanaman yang dipanen adalah bagian empulur pada batang. Empulur berada dibagian tengah batang, sehingga diperlukan batang dengan diameter besar untuk mendapatkan empulur yang banyak. Sebagai tanaman tahunan, secang menghendaki bibit yang baik agar batang dapat tumbuh maksimal di lapangan nantinya. Upaya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit secang dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian elisitor.  Elisitor pada umumnya digunakan pada lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan untuk tanaman, namun demikian dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh elisitor metil jasmonat dan asam salisilat terhadap pertumbuhan bibit secang. Percobaan ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli-November 2022 di lahan Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 7 perlakuan konsentrasi elisitor, yaitu tanpa elisitor, metil jasmonat (50 μM, 100 μM, dan 150 μM) dan asam salisilat (50 μM, 100 μM, dan 150). Aplikasi penyemprotan dilakukan sebanyak 6 kali dengan interval waktu 2 minggu sekali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan perlakuan elisitor metil Jasmonat 50 µM dan asam salisilat 50 µM, masing-masing cukup berpengaruh pada variabel jumlah daun umur 12 dan 14 MST. Perlakuan Asam Salisilat 50 µM menghasilkan respons bobot kering bibit secang tertinggi. Belum terdapat respons tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang akibat pemberian elisitor.
Uji Perlakuan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Kecamatan Witaponda Kabupaten Morowali
Authors: Hama Sartia , Toana Moh. Hibban , Nadine Nadine
Published: May 2024

Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditas tanamaan yang sejak lama dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Padi diduga berasal dari India atau Indocina dan masuk ke Indonesia sekitar 1500 SM. Padi merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang memiliki peran strategis dalam penyediaan pangan dan peningkatan perekonomian nasional. Salah satu kendala dalam pengembangan komoditas padi adalah rendahnya produktivitas di tingkat petani. Rendahnya produktivitas diikuti oleh rendahnya produksi yang berdampak pada kegiatan impor untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Penelitian bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) untuk meningkatkan Produksi Tanaman Padi dan (2) mengetahui berapa konsentrasi yang efektif terhadap aplikasi PGPR untuk meningkatkan Produksi Tanaman Padi di Kecamatan Witaponda, Kabupaten Morowali. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2023 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6  perlakuan dan setiap  perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Sehingga, terdapat 24 unit percobaan yaitu, tanpa perlakuan (Kontrol/P0), Aplikasi PGPR 20 ml/l/tanaman (P1), Aplikasi PGPR 40 ml/l/tanaman (P2), Aplikasi PGPR 60 ml/l/tanaman (P3), Aplikasi PGPR 80 ml/l/ tanaman (P4) dan Aplikasi PGPR 100 ml/l/tanaman (P5). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P4 memberikan karakter tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, dan bobot gabah terbaik dengan rerata masing-masing 93.5 cm, 67.00 SHT, dan 34.25 g. Sedangkan, perlakuan P5 menghasilkan karakter jumlah anakan, jumlah anakan produktif dan panjang malai terbaik dengan rerata masing-masing 21.25 anakan, 24.00 anakan, dan 45.5 cm. Namun, berdasarkan komponen produksi perlakuan P4 terbaik karena dengan aplikasi perlakuan tersebut mampu meningkatkan bobot gabah terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
Multiwavelength Laser Diode based Portable Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging System for Point of Care Applications
Authors: Mitra Mahaan , Haworth Abigail , Gaddale Prameth , Badran Faisal , Lagno Nuzhath , Pameijer Colette , Aziz Faisal , Kothapalli Sri-Rajasekhar
Published: May 2024

Vascular diseases are a leading cause of death and disability
worldwide. Despite having precursor conditions like peripheral arterial
disease (PAD), they are often only diagnosed after the onset of strokes
or heart attacks. Low-cost, portable, non-invasive, point-of-care (POC)
assessment of deep vascular function benefits PAD diagnosis, especially
in low-and-middle-income countries. Doppler ultrasound-based blood flow
measurements can diagnose PAD, albeit, with limited sensitivity and
specificity. To overcome this, here, we propose the first-of-its-kind
photoacoustic-and-ultrasound (PAUS) imaging system that integrates a
multiwavelength pulsed laser diode (PLD) with a compact ultrasound data
acquisition system. The portable PLD-PAUS system was validated for deep
tissue imaging using tissue phantoms, and for multispectral
photoacoustic imaging using an atherosclerosis mimicking phantom.
Further, we demonstrated high-contrast volumetric in-vivo photoacoustic
imaging of rodent abdominal vasculature and quantified vessel reactivity
due to hypercapnia stimulation. The multiparametric functional and
molecular imaging capabilities of the PLD-PAUS system holds promise for
POC applications.
A Full-Depth Sea Level Rise Budget in the Southwest Pacific Basin using Deep Argo
Authors: Lele Ratnaksha , Purkey Sarah G.
Published: May 2024

Using nine years of full-depth profiles from 55 Deep Argo floats in the
Southwest Pacific Basin collected between 2014 and 2023, we find
consistent warm anomalies compared to a long-term climatology below 2000
m ranging between 11±2 to
34±2moC, most pronounced between 3500
and 5000 m. Over this period, a cooling trend is found between 2000-4000
m and a significant warming trend below 4000 m with a maximum rate of
4.1±0.31 moC yr-1 near
5000 m, with a possible acceleration over the second half of the period.
The integrated Steric Sea Level expansion below 2000 m was
7.9± 1 mm compared to the climatology with a trend of
1.3± 1.6 mm dec-1 over the Deep Argo
era, contributing significantly to the local sea level budget. We assess
the ability to close a full Sea Level Budget, further demonstrating the
value of a full-depth Argo array.
Inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase reduces orthodontically induced root resorption in rats
Authors: Nashiro-Oyakawa Yukako , Hotokezaka Yuka , Hotokezaka Hitoshi , Moriishi Takeshi , Funaki-Dohi Mariko , Iuchi Yosuke , Ohama Mizuki , Morita Yukiko , Yoshida Noriaki
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To investigate whether the inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX), one of the core enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade, suppresses orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR), and examine the involvement of the hyaline degeneration of periodontal ligament cells and odontoclast differentiation.

Materials and Methods

The left maxillary first molars of 10-week-old male Wistar rats were moved mesially for 14 days using a closed-coil spring (25 cN) inserted between the first molar and incisor. The rats were intraperitoneally administered with a 12/15-LOX specific inhibitor (ML-351; 0.05 mmol/kg) daily in the experimental group or vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) in the control group. Tooth movement was measured using microcomputed tomography on day 14. The appearance of OIRR, hyaline degeneration, osteoclasts, and odontoclasts was evaluated via histological analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for receptor-activated NF-kB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin was performed.

Results

OIRR observed on day 14 in the control group was strongly suppressed by ML-351 treatment. Hyaline degeneration observed on the compression side on day 3 and the appearance of osteoclasts and odontoclasts on days 3 and 14 were significantly suppressed by ML-351. RANKL expression on day 3 was significantly suppressed by ML-351. These key processes in OIRR were substantially suppressed by ML-351 treatment.

Conclusions

Inhibition of 12/15-LOX reduced OIRR by suppressing hyaline degeneration and subsequent odontoclast differentiation.
Hypoglycemic Response to Dorzagliatin in a Patient With GCK-MODY
Authors: Zhao Yilin , Ma Yumin , Ba Tianhao , Han Xueyao , Ren Qian , Ji Linong
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

Metformin, insulin, and insulin secretagogues do not alter HbA1c levels in glucokinase maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY). However, the efficacy of the new hypoglycemic drugs on GCK-MODY remains unclear.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We describe a case of GCK-MODY with unchanged blood glucose under different therapies during an 8 years’ follow-up. His HbA1c and biochemical indices under different hypoglycemic treatments were recorded.

RESULTS

Oral glucose-lowering drugs, including thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, α-glucosidase inhibitor, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor that had not been evaluated previously, did not improve the HbA1c level in this patient. However, the glucokinase activator dorzagliatin effectively and safely lowered his HbA1c level.

CONCLUSIONS

Dorzagliatin was effective and safe in this patient with GCK-MODY, providing potential application prospects for precise treatment of GCK-MODY with dorzagliatin.