bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PARAMETER ANALYSIS OF CUBICAL STRUCTURED CADMIUM TELLURIDE (CdTe) SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS
Authors: Apriliani Sinta Puspita , Susilawati Susi , Koharudin Koharudin , Nabilah Sarah , Lestariningsih Dwi , Desmulyani Witri , Rukyati Anis Munir , Fakhrurozi Muhammad Fikri , Az Zahrah Stefiana Sondary , Irmansyah Irmansyah , Irzaman Irzaman
Published: November 2022

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) semiconductor materials will be used to analyze the energy gap, lattice parameters, and error value of these cubical structured crystal materials. The data that we used to be analyzed is using data from the International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD) that used the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. This research has been successfully analyzing energy gap, lattice parameters, and the error value of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) materials which have a cube-shaped crystal structure. The result of the gap energy analysis of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical structure yields a value of 1.43 eV. The lattice parameters of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical structure analyzed by the Cramer-Cohen method yields a value of a = b = c = 9.922 Å. The error value of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical stcucture yields a value of 6.75 x 10-4 %.
SPECTROSCOPIC AND RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF SM3+ DOPED SODIUM-LEAD-ZINC-LITHIUM-BORATE GLASSES
Authors: Rajagukguk Donna , Rajagukguk Juniastel , Simamora Pintor , Situmorang Rappel , Sarumaha Chayani , Indrasari Widyaningrum
Published: November 2022

The glasses with a composition of (65 - x) B2O3 – 5ZnO – 5Li2O – 15 Na2O – 10PbO – x Sm2O3 (x = 0.0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0 mol.%) which has been prepared using the melt quenching technique (1100oC for 3 hour). The spectroscopic properties can be determined by investigating the absorption, excitation, and emission spectra of a glass sample. There are 14 centered absorption bands starting from 6H5/2. The excitation spectrum of the Sm3+ doped borate glasses was measured at the wavelength of 300-550 nm which is the strongest intensity (4F7/2 at 403 nm) used as the excitation wavelength to measure the glass emission spectrum. The emission peaks transition starts from 4G5/2. The Judd-Ofelt theory has been applied to the absorption spectrum of Sm3+ doped borate glass to estimate the intensity parameters (Ωλ, λ = 2, 4 and 6) which are then used to calculate the radiative properties. The energy of the optical bandgap is in the range 3.85-3.77 eV for direct transitions and 3.42 - 4.22 eV for indirect transitions. The decay times obtained were 3.42, 3.99, 3.98, 2.96, 1.67, 1.48 ms for 0.05 - 4.00 mol%. Using the CIE chromaticity diagram for borate glass it can be determined that the glass from this work has a high performance for use as an orange emitting material application.
DETECTION AND MONITORING SYSTEM ON THE PACKAGE RECEIVING BOX
Authors: Sasmojo Duta Widhya , Broto Wisnu , Renaldi Doni Chesa
Published: November 2022

The package delivery system during this pandemic period require concerned health protocols. Receiving packages sometimes needs to be done even though there is no recipient. Here, the box for receiving goods has an important role. The goods receiving box must have security and ensure that the goods are received/placed in the box. In this case, it is necessary to detect the presence of objects in the box using a weight sensor, and a box locking motor is also needed. A push-button is needed when the package items are put into the box. The process of this activity can be monitored directly with the help of the Blynk application from a smartphone. The tests are carried out, and the push button signals to open the box. The weight sensor detects weight changes. The Blynk application will inform the smartphone that the object has been placed in the box from the weight change, and the system will lock the box again. The detection and monitoring system for goods on the box can work well.
WORKING ANALYSIS OF SPACE TIME TRELLIS CODE ON WIFI MIMO(2X2) SYSTEM OFDM
Authors: Broto Wisnu , Suryaningsih Noor , Mahendra Adhi
Published: November 2022

Wireless communication nowadays requires a system with reliable performance, efficient use of bandwidth, efficient power, and better coverage because it is in line with human needs for applications that require high and fast data rates. One of the concepts and methods to meet these needs is using an antenna technique with many transmitters and receivers or often called Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), by adding a strategy at the time of delivery, namely the Space-Time Coding (STC) technique. In addition, the application of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) on MIMO-STC will more efficiently use bandwidth. The Space-Time Trellis Code (STTC) method is one of the diverse techniques in sending data with complex coding so that coding reinforcement is achieved and applied to the OFDM MIMO system. It is hoped that a system with reliable performance can be achieved. The simulation that is carried out presents the STTC and OFDM schemes on multi antennas (2 transmitters x 2 receivers) with a Combiner and Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimator (MLSE) detection algorithm on the receiver. It is to get the quality of the sending signal in the performance analysis of Bit Error Rate (BER) with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The simulation results are shown by modulation with M-array Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) and the number of symbols sent by giving different input parameter values. The results show that the number of carriers and the size of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is large, and the modulation type with a small constellation produces a low BER and throughput at high SNR.
DESIGN A MONITORING SYSTEM OF A SINGLE-PHASE ELECTRICITY METER BASED ON THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Manfaluthy Mauludi , Sunardi Ade , Wilyanti Sinka , Jaenul Ariep , Mulyana Endang
Published: November 2022

This research aims to create systematic monitoring of a single-phase electricity meter that is accompanied by power monitoring features, the amount of electrical energy usage costs and relay control features using internet connections. The design has been carried out using  PZEM-004T current and voltage sensors. The microcontrollers have been implemented by using ESP8266. This configuration is to reduce separate micro-controller. The embedded microcontroller and WiFi are made improvements from previous research. This embedded microcontroller is used to send data to the internet through WIFI. This monitoring system can then be accessed using the Cayenne interface. The test results of this tool show that the connection between the microcontroller and the Cayenne application works well through an internet connection. With this tool, users can see real-time data on the use of electrical energy and its cost, as shown in the cayenne dashboard. The voltage sensor test results show an average accuracy is 99.17%. The current sensor testing has an average accuracy rate of 96.9%. On average, the wattage delta between the cayenne dashboard and multimeter measurement is 2.16 watts.
Characteristics of Cervical Spine Injuries Caused by Industrial Accidents: The Experience of a Single Regional Trauma Center in South Korea
Authors: Yoon Sun Geon , Sim Hong Bo , Lyo In Uk , Kwon Soon Chan , Kim Min Soo
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study examined the characteristics of patients with cervical spine injuries caused by industrial accidents and analyzed the factors related to mortality.Methods: In total, 424 patients with cervical spine injuries who visited our hospital from 2016 to 2020 were divided into an industrial accident and non-industrial accident groups. Age, sex, fracture severity, facet injury, high cervical injury, spinal epidural hematoma, spinal cord injury, shock, arrival route, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), mortality, and trauma mechanism were compared between the two groups. Regression analysis was performed to determine the factors affecting mortality.Results: Industrial accident patients significantly differed from the rest of the study population in terms of the sex ratio (male ratio, 95.1% vs. 77.8%; p<0.001), arrival route (direct transport, 61.2% vs. 50.9%; p=0.017), and trauma mechanism (p<0.001). Among the trauma mechanisms, falls had the largest difference between industrial accident patients and all patients (55.3% and 28.1%, respectively). Significant associations with mortality were found for falls (odds ratio [OR], 22.330; p=0.015), ISS (OR, 1.056; p=0.008), GCS <9 (OR, 0.014; p<0.001), and shock (OR, 7.290; p<0.001).Conclusion: Falls were the most frequent trauma mechanism of cervical spine injuries in patients who experienced industrial accidents. The factors significantly correlated with mortality were falls, ISS, GCS <9, and shock.
SiO4 characterization in a chain and C6 H6 embedded in a Non-kekulean structure for Kulli Temperature indices
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Usman , Sultan Faisal , Din El Sayed M. Tag El , Cancan Murat , Ali Shahbaz
Published: November 2022

A topological index as a graph parameter is obtained mathematically from the graph's topological structure. These indices are useful in measuring the various chemical characteristics of chemical compounds in chemical graph theory. We compute the first and second temperature indices, the hyper temperature indices, the sum connectivity temperature index, the product connectivity temperature index, the reciprocal product connectivity temperature index, and the F temperature index of two molecular graphs, SiO4 embedded in a chain and C6H6 embedded in a Non-kekulean structure, systematically. We also provide a graphical representation of the results that explains the reliance of topological indices on the specified polynomial design parameters.
2020 AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 05C07, 05C09, 05C31, 05C76, 05C99
CPOCEDS-Concept Preserving Online Clustering for Evolving Data Streams
Authors: KT Jafseer , S Shailesh , A Sreekumar
Published: November 2022

Clustering streaming data is challenging due to many temporal dynamics,such as concept drift, concept evolution, and feature evolution.Concept evolution is the most challenging of these. Due to concept evolution,new classes may emerge or existing classes may disappear, soit is crucial to process streaming data continuously. This paper proposesa novel online clustering method, specifically for streaming datawith concept evolution. It consists of three phases: initialization, clusteringand outlier handling. To identify recurrences of previous datain streaming data, it is critical to preserve the sequential propertiesof data chunks. In the proposed model, representatives from previouswindows are added to the current window, making it distinct from existingmodels. The detection and handling of outliers are very challengingtasks in streaming data analysis. Outliers are often the first instancesof a new cluster. The proposed model stores the outliers from eachdata window. When the number of outliers exceeds a certain threshold,the representatives of outliers are added to the next window toidentify new classes. To handle the lack of data sets for the training ofsuch models, we created a synthetic data set with 22020 data instances.Using Silhouette Coefficient, Calinski-Harabasz Index, and Davies-Bouldin Index analysis, this model yielded the most favourable results.
Application of Picture Fuzzy Bondage Set to Find Least Crowded Passenger-Friendly Railway Division in India
Authors: Banerjee Avisek , Amanathulla Sk
Published: November 2022

Picture fuzzy graph is a relevant mathematical tool for describing our uncertain daily life events due to unpredictable and ambiguous information. In this paper, the idea regarding picture fuzzy bondage and non-bondage sets has been introduced. Some operations on picture fuzzy bondage and non-bondage sets, like union, intersection, complement, join, and direct sum, have been described. Also, we present some theorems regarding these operations. This study presents the notion of picture fuzzy bondage number, picture fuzzy non-bondage number, and their properties. We have proposed an algorithm to determine the picture's fuzzy bondage number. Finally, an application in the communication network has been proposed for finding less crowded passengers-friendly railway divisions on Indian Railway.
Agenda de Governança Pública No Brasil (2023-2026)
Authors: Rede Governança Brasil
Published: November 2022

As diretrizes de governança apresentadas nesse documento sintetizam as temáticas que devem ser tratadas discutidas no âmbito da governança pública brasileira por meio do Centro Estratégico de Governo (CdG) para nortear os gestores públicos na implantação e monitoramento das políticas públicas.
De Sitter scattering amplitudes in the Born approximation
Authors: Ferrero Renata , Ripken Chris
Published: November 2022

We present a covariant framework to compute scattering amplitudes and
potentials in a de Sitter background. In this setting, we compute the
potential of a graviton-mediated scattering process involving two very
massive scalars at tree level. Although the obtained scattering
potential reproduces the Newtonian potential at short distances, on
Hubble-size length scales it is affected by the constant curvature:
effectively, it yields a repulsive force at sub-Hubble distances. This
can be attributed to the expansion of the de Sitter universe. Beyond the
de Sitter horizon, the potential vanishes identically. Hence, the
scattering amplitude unveils the geometric properties of de Sitter
spacetime in a novel and nontrivial way.
Fluid transient analysis by the method of characteristics using an object-oriented simulation tool
Authors: Pérez Ramón , Dormido Sebastián
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the development of an efficient, interactive and fully extendable computer code to analyse hydraulic transients – water hammer – using a generic object-oriented modelling and simulation (OOMS) tool to simplify and shorten the development process. OOMS tools provide continuous simulation features by means of ordinary differential equation (ODE) and differential algebraic equation (DAE) solvers, and discrete simulation features by means of event handling algorithms. Previous OOMS tool applications to simulate fluid flow in pipe networks primarily used semi-discrete methods with continuous solvers. A novel aspect of this work is the application of the method of characteristics (MOC) using the discrete simulation features of the OOMS tool. When compared to a code developed with an OOMS tool using a semi-discrete method and to commercial software that uses the MOC, the new code shows much higher accuracy and performance than the former and is similar to the latter in accuracy and calculation time. It has a graphical user interface, and its modularity makes it easily extendable with new components and algorithms. An academic version is available on github.
A simple and efficient alternative treatment for different drinking water
Authors: Zhang Huiqin , Li Renwei , Wang Shulian , Pi Kewu , Shi Yafei , Gerson Andrea R. , Hei Shengqiang
Published: November 2022

A bench–scale experiment was performed to assess whether union use of ferrate (Fe(VI)) and ferric (Fe(III)) addition in real surface water (reservoir and river water) resulted in better water remediation. The results indicated that increased Fe dosage improved the treatment performance, the removals of total coliform, turbidity and DOC were better when the mass ratio of Fe(VI): Fe(III) was 1:2 and pH was 8, regardless of the water source. Alkalescency condition beneﬁts Fe(III) coagulation and Fe(VI) disinfection efﬁciency due to the better stability and greater exposure to Fe(VI). Union use of Fe(VI) and Fe(III), as a coagulant and oxidant to enhance flocculation precipitation, can simultaneously remove turbidity, degraded natural organic matter (NOM) degradation, and destroy bacterial activity. At optimized dosage and pH, chemical oxidation plays the dominant role in the disinfection performance and secondary removal of DOC for Fe(VI) treatment, while for the mechanisms of Fe(III), coagulation and adsorption make the dominant contribution to the removal of turbidity and DOC. The application of the optimal ratio can maximize the advantages of both Fe(VI) and Fe(III), and enables the maximum purification effectiveness at minimum dosage and cost, so it will be a simple and efficient treatment for different drinking water.
Role of emerging chitosan and zeolite-modified adsorbents in the removal of nitrate and phosphate from an aqueous medium: A comprehensive perspective
Authors: Italiya Gopal , Subramanian Sangeetha
Published: November 2022

Due to industrialization and population growth, freshwater supplies are diminishing and becoming impure with high organic pollutant concentrations such as nitrate and phosphate, which shows a high adverse impact on aquatic and human lives. In drinking water sources, particularly groundwater, nitrate is considered as one of the major pollutants which causes methemoglobinemia (in newborn infants), carcinogenic activities and diabetes. Excess concentration of phosphate leads to eutrophication and death of aquatic species due to reduced dissolved oxygen content. Therefore, all countries must implement highly effective technologies for treating wastewater. Chitosan and zeolite are naturally occurring and cost-effective adsorbent materials with a higher surface area that exhibit greater nitrate and phosphate adsorption. Surface modification of chitosan and zeolite increases the adsorption capacity of adsorbents for the removal of both anions selectively. This paper reviews the current development of modified chitosan and zeolite adsorbents for anion adsorption, with an emphasis on modification by zero and multivalent metals and metal oxides, different surfactants, biomass-derived carbon, and natural and synthetic polymers. Multiple adsorption parameters, optimum adsorption condition, adsorption mechanism, regeneration study, research gap and future aspects have been explained for further research work.
Application of CAD-CAM Technologies for Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration:
A Narrative Review of the Clinical Studies
Authors: Boroojeni Helia Sadat Haeri , Mohaghegh Sadra , Khojasteh Arash
Published: November 2022

The application of regenerative methods in treating maxillofacial defects can be categorized as
functional bone regeneration in which scaffolds without protection are used and in-situ bone regeneration
in which a protected healing space is created to induce bone formation. It has been shown that functional
bone regeneration can reduce surgical time and obviate the necessity of autogenous bone grafting. However,
studies mainly focused on applying this method to reconstruct minor bone effects, and more investigation
concerning the large defects is required. In terms of in situ maxillofacial bone regeneration with
the help of CAD-CAM technologies, the present data have suggested feasible mesh rigidity, perseverance
of the underlying space, and apt augmentative results with CAD-CAM-based individualized Ti meshes.
However, complications, including dehiscence and mesh exposure, coupled with consequent graft loss,
infection and impeded regenerative rates have also been reported
Current State of 44Ti/44Sc Radionuclide Generator Systems and Separation
Chemistry
Authors: Schmidt Christine E. , Gajecki Leah , Deri Melissa A. , Sanders Vanessa A.
Published: November 2022

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in 44Ti/44Sc generators as an
onsite source of 44Sc for medical applications without needing a proximal cyclotron. The
relatively short half-life (3.97 hours) and high positron branching ratio (94.3%) of 44Sc make
it a viable candidate for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. This review discusses
current 44Ti/44Sc generator designs, focusing on their chemistry, drawbacks, post-elution
processing, and relevant preclinical studies of the 44Sc for potential PET radiopharmaceuticals.
Daridorexant, a Recently Approved Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists
(DORA) in the Treatment of Insomnia
Authors: Chakraborty Dwaipayan S. , Choudhury Shouvik , Lahiry Sandeep
Published: November 2022

Insomnia is one of the major challenges in medical science nowadays as it leads to the
great socio-economic burden by impairing daytime function as well as the development of
exhaustion, depression and memory disturbance in affected individuals. Several important classes
of drugs have been tried including the BZDs and Non-BZD hypnotics. Available drugs to combat
this disease have the limitations of abuse potential, tolerance and cognitive impairments. In some
instances, withdrawal symptoms have been observed on abrupt cessation of those drugs. The
Orexin system has been very recently targeted as a therapeutic option to overcome those
limitations. Daridorexant as a Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORA) in the treatment of
insomnia has been evaluated in several preclinical and clinical studies. Available information
obtained from those studies has shown promising future for this drug in the management of
insomnia. Beyond its effectiveness in insomnia, it has been successfully used in patients suffering
from Obstructive sleep apnoea, Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease (COAD), Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD), hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. Larger studies need to address the safety
issues as well as obtain robust pharmacovigilance information to safeguard the risk-benefit aspect
of this drug in insomniac adults.
Brucellosis trends in Majmaah city, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A trend of 5-year retrospective study (2016-2020)
Authors:   Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, Alharbi Raed Abdullah
Published: November 2022

Brucellosis, also called Malta fever, is a contagious disease caused by Brucella species and can affect one or more organs of the body. Globally, the number of brucellosis cases in the past five years (2016-2020) is 500,000 infections per year. However, in Saudi Arabia, infections of brucellosis are extremely low in the same past five years with a range of 4,167 infections per year. Therefore, the goal of conducting this cross-sectional study is to measure the prevalence and incidence rates of brucellosis in the past five years (2016-2020) in Majmaah city in Saudi Arabia and compare these rates with national rates of brucellosis in Saudi Arabia. Data of all patients of brucellosis in King Khaled hospital for the past five years (2016-2020) were collected from the hospital’s archives. Statistical analysis system software (SAS version 9.4) was used to clean, edit, and analyze these row data. As a result, incidence rates of brucellosis in Majmaah city in the last five years has been increased and decreased similarly in the line of Saudi Arabia. In 2016, in incidence rate was 78.27 and increased to 90.15 per 100,000 population in 2018. In 2020, that rate has decreased to 62.19 per 100,000 population. This cross-sectional study concluded that brucellosis infection rates among the population of Majmaah city are consistent with brucellosis infection rates in Saudi Arabia.
Atmospheric turbulence structure above urban nonhomogeneous surface
Authors: Drozd I. , Repina I. , Gavrikov A. , Stepanenko V. , Artamonov A. , Pashkin A. , Varentsov A.
Published: November 2022

A new 21-meter eddy covariance tower is installed in the Meteorological observatory of Moscow State University in November 2019. It includes 3 levels with METEK sonic anemometers. The mast is located inside the urban area and makes it possible to analyze the structure of atmospheric turbulence in a heterogeneous urban condition. The measurement data from November 2019 to May 2020 are processed. Turbulent fluctuations of the wind velocity components are found to increase with height within 20 meters above the surface. The turbulent kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the averaged horizontal wind speed. The drag coefficient is determined by the type of footprint surface, with a value of 0.08 and 0.05 for urbanized and vegetated surfaces, respectively. The "turbulent flux of heat flux" is reasonably well predicted by diagnostic relation with heat flux, skewness and standard deviation of vertical speed, suggesting significant contribution of coherent structures to turbulent fluxes. The daily amplitude of the temperature variance increases with the daily amplitude of the average temperature. The paper considers the conditions for the applicability of the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to the calculation of turbulent fluxes over a heterogeneous urban landscape.
Ортостатична артеріальна гіпертензія: потенційні клінічні наслідки цього недооціненого стану
Authors: Skybchyk V.А. , Pylypiv О.S.
Published: November 2022

Ортостатична артеріальна гіпертензія (ОАГ), тобто стійке підвищення артеріального тиску після перебування в положенні стоячи, є все більш поширеним серцево-судинним захворюванням, проте набагато менше дослідженим порівняно з ортостатичною гіпотензією. Термін «ОАГ» не визначений і не включений у чинні рекомендації з артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ), що ускладнює оцінку справжньої поширеності цього стану. Ймовірно, що ОАГ підвищує ризик прогресування АГ у молодих осіб і ризик серцево-судинної захворюваності та смертності у літніх людей. Немає жодного рандомізованого дослідження, у якому б оцінювалися терапевтичні заходи саме для ОАГ, а також немає прямих доказів того, що лікування ОАГ взагалі покращує прогноз. Зараз складно сказати, як виявлення ОАГ впливатиме на клінічні терапевтичні рішення, наприклад такі, як вибір антигіпертензивних препаратів. Необхідні великі рандомізовані дослідження, щоб отримати більше інформації про цей недооцінений стан. В огляді узагальнені наявні дані щодо визначення, критеріїв діагностики, патогенетичних механізмів, прогностичної ролі та лікування ОАГ.
Артеріальна гіпертензія та стрес: С-тип артеріальної гіпертензії та резистентність до антигіпертензивної терапії
Authors: Sirenko Yu.M. , Rekovets O.L. , Radchenko G.D.
Published: November 2022

Актуальність. Неконтрольований артеріальний тиск (АТ), особливо на фоні стресу, пов’язаний із чотириразовим збільшенням ризику розвитку серцево-судинних подій порівняно з пацієнтами з артеріальною гіпертензією (АГ), які досягли цільового рівня АТ. Стрес-індукована АГ— це гостре, транзиторне та лабільне підвищення АТ під впливом психосоціальних факторів. Вона може виникати і в людей із нормальним АТ, і в тих, хто страждає від АГ. Найбільш відомими варіантами такої АГ є АГ «білого халата» та «гіпертензія на робочому місці». Мета. Оцінити механізми впливу стресу на розвиток артеріальної гіпертензії та типів артеріальної гіпертензії. Матеріали та методи. На сьогодні існує два типи артеріальної гіпертензії: Н-тип, визначений як АГ, асоційована з підвищенням рівня гомоцистеїну, та С-тип АГ, при якому визначається підвищений рівень кортизолу крові (новий тип стресу), що може бути викликаний нездоровим способом життя. Такий вид гіпертензії найчастіше зустрічається в молодому віці та сприяє розвитку ранніх гострих інфарктів міокарда, інсультів, гострої або хронічної серцевої недостатності, раптової серцевої смерті. У відділенні вторинних і легеневих гіпертензій ДУ «ННЦ «Інститут кардіології, клінічної і регенеративної медицини ім. акад. М.Д. Стражеска» НАМН України» в 1146 пацієнтів із резистентною АГ визначали рівень кортизолу крові. Результати. С-тип АГ є результатом дії багатьох факторів, які повязані з нездоровим способом життя та включають ожиріння, синдром обструктивного апное сну, надмірне споживання солі, паління. С-тип АГ діагностується за анамнезом життя пацієнта, його способом життя та рівнем кортизолу в крові, слині, сечі, волоссі. Для лікування С-типу АГ та запобігання йому необхідний багатовекторний підхід: вплив на спосіб життя ще з дитячого та молодого віку, розвиток стратегій здорового харчування, фізичної культури виховання, що в кінцевому підсумку призведе до зменшення ризиків серцево-судинної захворюваності та смертності. Серед пацієнтів із резистентною артеріальною гіпертензією, у яких не вдалося досягти цільового рівня АТ, було виявлено вищий рівень кортизолу крові — С-тип АГ (155,0 ± 44,0 нг/л проти 35,9 ± 20,8 нг/л, р = 0,026) порівняно з пацієнтами, у яких вдалося досягти цільового рівня АТ. Висновок. Пацієнти з резистетною артеріальною гіпертензією, які не досягли цільового рівня артеріального тиску, мали С-тип артеріальної гіпертензії. АГ є патологічним станом із різними механізмами виникнення. Підвищення АТ відбувається за участю центральної та периферичної нервової системи на різних рівнях. Активація симпатоадреналової системи під впливом емоційного стресу призводить до збільшення рівня АТ. Ступінь та тривалість саме стресорної активації симпатоадреналової системи, яка, у свою чергу, залежить від багатьох інших факторів (умов навколишнього середовища, генетичної та конституційної схильності, індивідуальних особливостей психічної реакції, наявності супутніх захворювань або метаболічних розладів), пов’язані з виникненням АГ.
Using synchronous thermal analysis to study characteristic features of a developing fire
Authors: Bezzaponnaya O. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The purpose of the work is to estimate the temperature of impact on the material under study using the results of synchronous thermal analysis. This task is solved to achieve the pre-set purposes: studying the process of the thermal-oxidative destruction of the material under study, developing thermal impact assessment criteria, and deriving equations to determine the temperature of impact.

Materials and methods. Specimens of ROTBAND gypsum finishing putty, frequently used for the interior decoration of walls of buildings and premises, have been studied. Before testing, putty samples were subjected to the preliminary thermal impact of 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 °С for 30 min. The tests were carried out using the method of synchronous thermal analysis (Netzsch STА 449 F5 Jupiter) in corundum crucibles at a heating rate of 20 °С/min and with an air flow rate of 75 ml/min.

Research results and discussion. Mass loss at a temperature of 200 °C and ash residue at a temperature of 900 °C can be expediently used as the criteria for assessing the temperature of impact on the gypsum putty using thermal analysis methods. Equations are obtained to calculate the temperature of impact on the gypsum putty composition according to the thermos-analytical characteristics of putty specimens. 

Conclusions. The study demonstrates that synchronous thermal analysis can be applied to determine the temperature of impact on the material under study, which is vital for the analysis of a developing indoor fire.
Using air-filled foam to contain and liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas spills
Authors: Aleshkov M. V. , Molchanov V. P. , Makarov S. A. , Ioschenko D. A. , Tretyakov A. V. , Bareshkin V. V. , Bituyev R. B.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Using air-filled foam to contain and liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas spills is one of the most optimal methods of preventing the escalation of emergencies. However, the amount of data available today is insufficient to standardize the basic parameters of air-filled foam injection.

The purpose of this research project is to justify the application of air-filled foam to contain and liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas and identify the basic parameters of injection. The following objectives are to be attained towards this end:

  assessment of the fire and explosion safety of liquefied natural gas and analysis of extinguishing means applicable to spills;

  experimental determination of the insulating ability of foams, having different expansion factors, if applied to the surface of cryogenic fluid;

  experimental determination of the fire-fighting efficiency of the foam used to liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas;

  experimental verification of expediency of the joint application of high expansion air-filled foam and extinguishing powders.

Results and discussion. Having discussed the findings of the in-house experiments and analyzed the international and domestic tests conducted for this purpose, the authors assume that the application of the foam, whose expansion factor equals 300 to 500 units, can effectively contain and liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas. The flaming combustion cannot be liquidated, if lower expansion factor foams are applied. The application rate of the high-expansion air-filled foam, exceeding 0.08 kg/(m2·s), is required to reduce the intensity of flaming combustion. Flaming combustion can be efficiently liquidated if the application rate of high-expansion air-filled foam is set at 0.17 ± 0.01 kg/(m2·s). Fire-extinguishing powders can only be efficiently applied to liquidate the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas, if its surface is covered in foam.

Conclusions. The authors have used their in-house experimental data, analyzed the literary sources and wellknown properties of the fire-extinguishing foam to justify the basic parameters of foam application aimed at the containment and liquidation of the flaming combustion of liquefied natural gas.
Coarse woody debris: Inventory, decay modelling, and management implications in three biogeoclimatic zones
Authors: Densmore Nancy , Parminter John , Stevens Victoria (Tory)
Published: November 2022

To assess recent management practices, post-harvest levels of coarse woody debris (CWD) were measured in the Southern Interior and Northern Interior forest regions of British Columbia. A simple input and decay model was used to estimate the volumes of CWD that might be present at the end of managed forest rotations. In four ecosystems (Sub-Boreal Spruce [SBS] mk1 variant, Interior Douglas-fir [IDF] dm2 variant, Interior Cedar–Hemlock [ICH] dw variant, and ICHvk2/wk3 variants) that were sampled a few years after harvest, between 58 and 80% of the CWD volume came from pieces less than 6 m in length. Modelling of CWD decay and net new CWD input from the developing stand indicated that by rotation end (after 90 years), CWD volumes would have decreased to about 15% (SBSmk1) and 1% (IDFdm2) of the CWD volumes found in mature unmanaged stands.In the ecosystems studied, this research suggests that specific management guidance for deadwood will be required to maintain CWD (outside of reserves) in managed stands. Various techniques could be employed to manage the CWD resource. The purpose of this paper is not to present such techniques; however, the sampling and modelling methodology outlined here will help to formulate management approaches by allowing an assessment of CWD presence throughout a managed forest rotation.
Persistent climate corridors: The identification of climate refugia for the selection of candidate areas for conservation.
Authors: Rose Nancy-Anne , Burton Philip
Published: November 2022

Climate driven changes are catalyzing the global re-distribution of species and ecosystems, and is threatening their persistence. These changes undermine the current conservation paradigm that has a static approach to a dynamic system. Conservation planning agencies, such as the Nature Conservancy of Canada (NCC) recognize this quandary and have started to incorporate the potential (though uncertain) impacts of climate change into their planning framework. As a component of NCC’s Central Interior Ecoregional Assessment, we identified bioclimatic envelopes for 206 conservation targets (103 BC biogeoclimatic (BGC) variants, 30 terrestrial ecological units (TEUs), 73 BC Conservation Data Centre plant species) using ClimateBC and ArcMap GIS software. Using ClimateBC interpolations of current and expected future (as projected by the CGCM3 model and the A2 scenario) climatic conditions, the locations meeting the 5th through 95th percentile requirements of a target’s bioclimatic envelope were identified for four timeslices (baseline (1960s-1990s), 2020s, 2050s, 2080s) and subsequently overlaid using ArcMap. The points of coincidence between these areas were identified as a target’s projected suitable climate space (SCS); locations or areas of a target’s current distribution which coincided with its SCS were identified as the target’s persistent climate corridor (PCC). Our results projected PCCs for only 10% (10/103) of the BGC variants, 20% (6/30) of the TEUs and 10% (7/73) of plant species. When comparing the projected results with those derived for three different GCM and cenario combinations, it is clear that the existence and locations of PCCs are subject to great uncertainty. Nevertheless, we argue that the identification of climate refugia should be an important consideration in the site selection and prioritization of candidate areas for conservation.
Disease Screening for Endangered Whitebark Pine Ecosystem Recovery
Authors: Murray Michael , Strong Ward
Published: November 2022

Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a high-mountain keystone and foundation species that is declining throughout most of its range in Western Canada. An introduced pathogen (Cronartium ribicola) causing white pine blister rust has led to the tree being listed as a federal species at risk. A disease screening program relies on carefully selecting potentially resistant parent trees, followed by testing their respective progenies. Beginning in 2011, trees were selected for controlled inoculations and field trials of seedling families. The performance of each seedling family indicates the level of disease susceptibility, implying genetic resistance in the parents. To date, we are screening hundreds of wild-collected parents. Based on post-inoculation assessments, almost one-third of our carefully selected parents have produced seedlings showing low susceptibility to disease. Numerous stakeholders are now beginning to plant disease resistant seedlings while also supporting the establishment of seed orchards and clone banks. Due to everchanging pathosystems, long-term diseasem screening will remain a critical contribution to the recovery of this valuable species.
Characterization of Kaolin-rich Laterite Soil for Applications for the Development of Soil-based Cosmetic Products
Authors: Dissanayake N.U.S. , Pupulewatte P.G.H. , Jayawardana D.T. , Senevirathne D.M.
Published: November 2022

The present study aims to characterize the properties of the raw and thermally activated laterite soil to be used to develop cosmetic products. Collected soil samples were washed and  air-dried for 48 hours, collected soil samples were air-dried for 48 hours. Air-dried soil was crushed to create 500 µm powdered materials. Thermally activated soil samples were prepared by heating the laterite soil at 100 0C, 200 0C, 300 0C, and 400 0C for 3 hours in a muffle furnace. The physicochemical properties of laterite such as morphology, surface functional groups, elemental composition, surface area, and trace elements were analyzed. The Cell Forming Unit (CFU) was counted in the raw soil, and thermally activated soil samples at the beginning. Antimicrobial Assay was tested with Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms in raw and thermally activated laterite soil. An uncountable amount of microorganisms per gram was observed in the raw soil sample and fewer microorganisms were counted in 100 0C, and 200 0C samples. The CFU was zero microorganisms per gram for the 300 0C, and 400 0C samples. The optimum density of the culture is measured to estimate the growth of the microbial cells. Oil absorption, sweat absorption and swelling capacity were used to characterize the samples with raw and thermally activated soils. The characterization results indicated that chosen soil samples have good oil and sweat absorption, good swelling capacity and microbiological safety, making them suitable for cosmetic applications.

Keywords:  Cosmetics, Chemical analysis, Laterite soil, Microbiology, Thermally activation, physiochemical features
Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of aqueous fraction of Moringa oleifera Leaves
Authors: Muhammad Abubakar Amali , Abubakar Muhammad Ramadan
Published: November 2022

Wound healing process could be disrupted by oxidative stress due to presence of reactive oxygen specie (ROS) around the wound. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant properties of bioactive aqueous fraction of M. oleifera for potential wound healing application. Phytochemical screening was conducted using established methods to identify phytochemical composition of the aqueous fraction. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using standard methods of DPPH, phosphomolybdenum, FRAP, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Phytochemical compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponin glycosides, steroids and volatile oils were found in the bioactive aqueous fraction. The antioxidant assay results showed high antioxidant capacity of aqueous fraction when compared to positive control (standard ascorbic acid). We may therefore conclude that, the capacity to modulate production and quenching of free radicals may contribute significantly to the demonstrated ability of aqueous fraction of M. oleifera to possess pharmacological activity.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, phytochemical compounds, free radicals, antioxidants,
Toxicological and anti-hyperglycemic studies of five plants used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Benin
Authors: SETON Santorin , KOUKOUI Omédine , AMAGBEGNON Jean Baptiste , BETIRA Mansouratou , SONOUNAMETO Fidèle , ASSOU Eudoxie , SEZAN Alphonse
Published: November 2022

In Benin as in the African sub-region, the burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and the threats they represent constitute a major public health problem which hinders their economic and social development. NCDs kill 36 million people each year and 80% of deaths occur in developing countries, including Benin. The objective of our work is to evaluate the acute, subacute toxicity and the anti-hyperglycemic activity of five plants listed through an ethno pharmacological survey which is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Benin. The acute toxicity test was conducted on male and female wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. The subacute toxicity test was carried out over a period of 28 days, with 6 batches of 3 rats. Batch 1 received daily 1 ml/100 g of distilled water and batches 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively the leaf extracts of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex-Wendel; Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. Ex G. Don; Mangifera indica L.; Saccharum officinarum L.; And Annona muricata L. at a daily dose of 200mg/kg per day for 28 days. Administration of the single dose of the extract did not cause any deaths. In rats treated with repeated doses of 200mg/kg for 28 days the variation in weight depends on the extracts. The level of transaminases (AST and ALT) did not vary. Plant extracts did not induce any significant change in creatinine level. All five extracts have anti-hyperglycemic activity. Our results allow us to deduce that these plants can be used to prevent and treat diabetes without the risk of hepatic and renal toxicity.

Keywords: Medicinal plants; Type 2 diabetes; Toxicity; efficacy
The Relationship between Long Use of Communication Devices that Emit Blue Light with Sleep Quality
Authors: Newton Marjasa D. Dicky , Poluan Fransiskus Harf
Published: November 2022

Nowadays communication device usage has already reached an unprecedented level. Based on data provided by Central Statistics Agency (BPS), by 2018, at least 62% of Indonesian had a cellphone or a smartphone, and 20% had a computer. Besides smartphones and computers, many Indonesians choose television (TV) as their entertainment device, as proven by 57% of Indonesian households having a TV, although the number has been reduced in the past decade. Based on research conducted by Zickuhr, in 2011, average adults in the United States spent 7-10 hours using their communication device per day, with the most usage in the young adult population (18-35 years) and decreasing as the age increased. The recent development of computer-based communication devices increased our chances of spending much time staring at the blue light emitting screen. Research about the blue light emission effect has become a significant concern, especially in the last five years. It is due to its effect on sleep quality and eyes well-being. This research is an analytic descriptive, non-experiment cross-sectional study. The research uses a prospective and retrospective approach due to the type of data is primary data collected using a questionnaire distributed through social media. Based on Slovin's formula, the sample needed for this study is 133 respondents. This study showed a significant correlation between the usage of blue light-emitting communication devices, sleep quality (P = 0.000), and a moderate relation (r = 0.425) with the positive pattern.

Keywords: Communication device usage, blue light, sleeps quality
Sepsis Due to Bacterial Infection: An Analysis based on Ratio Count of Neutrophil – Lymphocyte
Authors: Suryanegara Wiradi , Simarmata Vidi Posdo A.
Published: November 2022

Sepsis due to bacterial infection is a serious medical emergency and requires prompt and proper handling. Various parameters such as white blood cells count, CRP, and PCT level are used as a marker of sepsis due to bacterial infection. Sepsis is a condition of systemic inflammation with infection. Physiological response to systemic inflammation involves an increased level of neutrophils and a reduction of lymphocyte count; therefore, combining both parameters seems logical, and NLCR could be a simple and even better marker in predicting sepsis. This research aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the NLCR test in patients with sepsis due to bacterial infection. This research was conducted by observing 70 sepsis patients aged 14-70 years at a private hospital in Bekasi and UKI general hospital in July-September 2015 through medical records. This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The result of this research showed ROC curve for NLCR test with sensitivity 97.8 % , specificity 84.0 % , and cut off  ≥ 6,4 (AUC: 0,94, p-value <0,05). In conclusion, the NLCR is an ideal and efficient marker to diagnose sepsis due to bacterial infection with good sensitivity and specificity tests.

Keywords: Sepsis, NLCR, Sensitivity, Specificity.
An insight into the multifarious applications of biosensors and the way forward
Authors: JoKaurrnal Mandeep , Sharma Shikha , Kumar Deepak
Published: November 2022

A biosensor is a self-reliant integrated device that is proficient in providing specific quantitative or semi-quantitative analytical information. It has been using a biological recognition component that is in direct spatial contact with a transduction component. It is an appliance that consists of two main parts: a bioreceptor and a transducer. Bioreceptor is a biological component that recognizes the objective of an analyte and a transducer. A physicochemical detector component has also been employed that converts the recognition incident into a measurable signal. All the biological materials including enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, hormones, receptors, organelles, or whole cells can be used as sensors or detectors in a device. Biosensors can provide low-priced and highly capable devices for being used in other day-to-day applications. It has multifarious potential applications of various types such as monitoring of treatment, disease progression, drug discovery, food control, and environmental monitoring as well as it continues to play a crucial role across numerous fields including biomedical diagnosis. In this review, we give a general introduction to biosensors and their applications, including a brief historical overview.

Keywords: Biosensor, Bio-receptor, Transducer, Analyte, Detector.