bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçim Sonuçları Analizi: Malatya İli Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: YILMAZ Hasan
Published: April 2021

Demokratik
seçim sistemlerinin uygulandığı ülkelerde genel ve yerel seçimler demokrasinin
uygulanabilir olduğunun kanıtlarından biri ve en önemlisidir. Seçmenler genel
seçimlerde yasama ve yürütme kuvvetinin üst düzey temsilcilerini belirlerken,
yerel seçimlerde ise bulundukları il ve ilçe sınırlarındaki temsilcilerini belirlemektedir.
Söz konusu tüm seçimler demokrasinin geliştiği ülkelerde vatandaşın siyasal
alana ilgisinin artması ile birlikte önemli bir durum haline gelmektedir. Türkiye’de
2019 yılında siyasetin, ekonominin ve sosyal hayatın odaklandığı önemli gelişmelerden
biri 31 Mart 2019 yerel seçimleri olmuştur. Bu seçimlerde adaylar, partiler,
kurulan resmi ittifaklar, kurulan, kurulamayan veya arzulanan gayri resmi
ittifaklar gündemde sıkça yer almıştır. 31 Mart 2019 yerel seçimleri bazı
yerlerde beklenenden farklı sonuçlanmış, bazı yerlerde ise kamuoyunun beklediği
gibi gerçekleşmiştir. Özellikle büyükşehir belediye seçim sonuçları, İstanbul Büyükşehir
Belediye Başkanlığı seçimlerinin 23 Haziran 2019’da yenilenmesi gibi gelişmeler,
2019 yerel seçimlerinin önemini artırmıştır. Türkiye’de
bu süreçler yaşanırken Malatya ilinde büyükşehir belediye başkanlığı yarışında Cumhur
İttifakı ve AK Parti adayı Selahattin Gürkan seçimi kazanmıştır. Malatya
büyükşehirler arasında Konya ilinden sonra ikinci en yüksek oy ile seçilen büyükşehir
belediyesi olmuştur. Ancak Malatya’nın merkez ilçeler dahil toplamda 13
ilçesinde alınan sonuçlar ile büyükşehir belediye başkanlığı oylamasındaki
sonuçlar oldukça dikkat çekmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada, her
ilçenin kendine has bir sebep ve sonuç ilişkisi olduğu kabulü ile 31 Mart 2019
Yerel Seçim sonuçları üzerinde bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Examining the Effects of Mobbing and Role Uncertainty on the Performance of the Employees: Research in Logistics Companies
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Zafer , KÜÇÜKOĞLU İrem
Published: April 2021

Within the scope of the researches, when organizations position their employees according to their abilities and expertise, this can contribute positively to the performance and productivity of the employees. However, when the pressure is put on the employees, when the duties and responsibilities are given out of their knowledge, the desire to leave the organization starts to emerge. In other words, in cases of mobbing and role ambiguity, individuals who lose control feel themselves under pressure and unwillingly work while performing their duties. This situation also destroys the passion of the employees for their jobs. SPSS 25 and AMOS programs were used to analyze the data. Firstly, factor and reliability analysis were performed in the analyzes, and after these analyzes, correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between variables, and regression analysis was performed to test hypotheses. As a result of the research, mobbing and role uncertainty reveal employees' intention to leave and decrease their performance. Within the scope of the research model, data were collected from 321 employees in institutions operating in the service sector (logistics companies), and the relationships and effects between mobbing, role uncertainty, intention to leave and employee performance were examined.
Acessibilidade digital em tempos de ensino remoto
Authors: Silva Izabel Rodrigues da , Freitas Thayane Nascimento , Araújo Nádia Fernanda Martins de , Sousa Deborah Lauriane da Silva , Araújo Júnior Maurício Amorim de , Medeiros Aline Mendes , Silva Rafael Soares
Published: April 2021

Acessibilidade digital é um mecanismo de  alcance a todo e qualquer conteúdo na web em que todas as pessoas devem ter sem a ajuda de outrem, independentemente de suas necessidades. Os recursos virtuais incorporam aspectos que envolvem compreensão, interação e navegação. Desde a virada do século, no começo dos anos 2000, ouvimos que estamos vivendo a era digital. Já quase 21 anos depois, nos vemos cada vez mais imersos na tecnologia, agora mais do que nunca potencializadas pelo isolamento social. Nesse sentido, o processo ensino-aprendizagem tem se tornado cada vez mais desafiador. Pautado nessas questões, temos como objetivo analisar os aspectos legais que abordam sobre a acessibilidade, considerando o contexto de ensino remoto vivenciado a partir das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação. Dessa forma, devido à natureza dos objetivos firmados neste trabalho entendemos que a pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, e de natureza metodológica, exploratória e bibliográfica. Os resultados apontam que toda essa situação pandêmica em que nos encontramos é complexa e desafiadora e que diversas dificuldades também se fazem presentes no cenário escolar e que é inegável a necessidade dos docentes e discentes de se reinventarem. Mais ainda, desafia equipes diretivas, professores, estudantes e famílias. No que diz respeito ao ensino remoto, um aspecto a ser considerado é a exclusão digital especialmente da parcela da população que apresenta alguma deficiência, pois a tecnologia digital também pode alcançar as pessoas com deficiências, ao passo que existem aplicativos, softwares e equipamentos que possibilitam a acessibilidade a informação, entretenimento, sociabilidade entre outros benefícios. Enfim, as escolas devem problematizar e repensar uma forma de ensinar e aprender e a tecnologia pode e deve ser uma aliada do ensino-aprendizagem e ser capaz de proporcionar diversos benefícios. Assim, a expectativa é que seu uso se torne comum.
Influência do uso do microscópio clínico como auxiliar para realizar a cimentação adesiva de pino de fibra de vidro: Uma análise da resistência de união
Authors: Barreto Roberto O. , Limoeiro Ana Grasiela da Silva , Nascimento Wayne Martins , Mendes Vagner , Souza Caio Cesar , Hilgenberg Sergio Paulo , Araki Angela Toshie , Navarro Ricardo Scarparo
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da utilização do microscópio clínico e de cimentos resinosos com diferentes estratégias de adesão na resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro a dentina nos diferentes terços radiculares. As coroas de sessenta caninos foram seccionadas com disco diamantado, as raízes foram instrumentadas e obturadas (Sistema ProDesign Logic 30.05 + obturação com AH Plus). A desobturação foi realizada com broca correspondente ao diâmetro do pino (DC 2, WhitePost). As raízes foram divididas em seis grupos (n=10): Allcem sem uso do microscópio; Allcem com uso do microscópio; Allcem CORE sem uso do microscópio; Allcem CORE com uso do microscópio; RelyX U200 sem uso do microscópio; RelyX U200 com uso do microscópio. As raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em fatias dos terços cervical, médio e apical e submetidos ao teste de resistência de união na máquina de testes (Kratos- 0,5 mm/min/100 Kgf). Foi realizada análise dos padrões de falha das amostras com estereomicroscópio (40 X). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos terços cervical independente do tipo de cimento usado (p> 0,05). No terço apical com uso do microscópio, o cimento autoadesivo apresentou valores de adesão superiores (p< 0,05). Os cimentos convencionais apresentaram valores semelhantes em todos os terços radiculares (p > 0,05) e valores inferiores em comparação ao cimento autoadesivo no terço apical (p< 0,05). Houve predomínio do padrão de falha mista nos diferentes grupos e terços. Pode-se concluir que o microscópio clinico, o tipo de cimento resinoso e o terço radicular avaliado influenciaram a resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro com a dentina radicular.
Considerations on the dimensioning of columns with dimensions less than that established by NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014)
Authors: Soares Renan Gustavo Pacheco , Rodrigues Gustavo Gutierrez de Oliveira , Paz Erivan Mendes da , Pacheco Carla Renata Xavier , Moura Lyneker Souza de , Nascimento Kaike Manoel Barros do , Apolônio Priscila Honório , Carneiro Arnaldo Manoel Pereira , Oliveira Romilde Almeida de
Published: April 2021

The search for methods that provide savings greatly drives the search for alternatives when it comes to cost reduction. The obsession with aesthetics and cheaper alternatives for civil construction, can lead to unexpected and dangerous results. The reduction of the dimensions of the columns can be done consciously, always keeping in mind the compliance with normative standards combined with structural optimization. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efforts resulting from the reduction of the minimum dimensions beyond that established by NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014) and compare with the considerations of NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013) about a possible permission to reduce the minimum dimensions of columns. For this, the software MathCAD, Eberick and SAP2000 were used to implement the calculation and design methods of the columns. The variables evaluated were the steel area of ​​columns with different cross sections, length of buckling and the necessary anchoring length that a beam would need to anchor in the columns. As a result, it was found that in relation to the steel area, the decrease in the section resulted in increases in the steel area. The buckling was not acceptable (λ> 140) with a cross-section column less than 19 cm for situations of double height up to 6 m in height, according to NBR 15575 cites. The criterion of anchoring the beam reinforcement in a column with section smaller than 14 cm was not feasible for all situations.
Characterization of the useful life and structural performance of a reinforced concrete bridge in the City of Correntes-PE
Authors: Soares Renan Gustavo Pacheco , Rodrigues Gustavo Gutierrez de Oliveira , Moraes Iago Davi Lins de , Pacheco Carla Renata Xavier , Moura Lyneker Souza de , Nascimento Kaike Manoel Barros do , Apolônio Priscila Honório , Carneiro Arnaldo Manoel Pereira , Oliveira Romilde Almeida de
Published: April 2021

Even though we know that the construction industry is constantly evolving, due to the emergence of construction techniques and materials, we note that there are still challenges to be faced: pathological manifestations. These, in turn, compromise the performance and useful life of the elements. Its occurrences are mainly due to the reduction of deadlines, inadequate design solutions, improper use of materials, unskilled labor, lack of maintenance, lack of inspection, among other aspects. The evaluation of a structural element is based on the precedence of guaranteeing durability and quality to ensure the integrity of users. Therefore, this article analyzed structural elements of a reinforced concrete bridge located in the city of Correntes-PE. The main objective of the work was to characterize the main pathological manifestations affecting the structural elements of the bridge. The process of characterization of degrading agents was carried out through non-destructive tests, such as the carbonation front, as provided for in EN 14630 (DIN, 2007) and the evaluation of surface resistance, through the sclerometry test, according to NBR 7584 (ABNT, 2012). The results allowed to characterize the strength of the concrete and the degree of degradation. Points with incidence of carbonation and exposed reinforcement were identified, denoting the need for preventive and corrective intervention, in order to prolong the useful life and performance of the evaluated artwork.
Sciatic nerve-conditioned medium with the addition of Croton blanchetianus Baill essential oil promotes morphological plasticity in spinal cord cultured cells
Authors: Fernandes Luciana Cristina Borges , Gomes Junior Salvador Viana , Costa Ianara Mendonça da , Idalina Neta Francisca , Oliveira Rodrigo Freire , Oliveira Lucídio Clebeson de , Azevedo Eduardo Pereira de , Oliveira Francisco Fábio Mesquita , Albuquerque Cynthia Cavalcanti de , Silva Francisco Felipe Maia da , Batista Jael Soares , Cavalcanti José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva , Freitas Carlos Iberê Alves , Guzen Fausto Pierdoná
Published: April 2021

Spinal cord injury is a devastating condition that leads to significant disabilities. The treatment for this problem is a challenge in neuroscience, and it is necessary to combine different strategies to obtain functional recovery outcomes. There are many herbal natural products, such as Croton blanchetianus Baill (CB) essential oil, a Brazilian semi-arid bush with neuroprotective substances tested in regeneration processes and synaptic plasticity. Thus, this study analyzed the cellular plasticity of spinal cord neurons and glial cells in the presence of sciatic nerve-conditioned medium (SNCM) before the addition of CB essential oil. Cell morphology was assessed over 96 hours, and immunocytochemistry analyses were conducted for GFAP, GAP-43 and NeuN. Photomicrographs were made by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Morphological analysis showed evident trophic development in the groups that received CB essential oil (P>0.000), immunoreactivity for GFAP, GAP-43 and NeuN and the plasticity of these cells were confirmed by SEM. This pioneer study about the plasticity of spinal cord neurons and glial cells opens new possibilities and techniques with essential oils for cell therapy in the presence of SNCM, which promoted neuroprotective action.
Prevalencia de las maloclusiones esqueletales en la población de la provincia del Azuay - Ecuador
Authors: Borja Espinosa Diana Melissa , Ortega Montoya Emily Antonieta , Cazar Almache Marcelo Enrique
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de las maloclusiones esqueletales en la población de la provincia del Azuay Ecuador, mediante análisis cefalométricos de radiografías laterales con la finalidad de realizar una comparación con las diferentes regiones del Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo y longitudinal en donde se analizó expedientes clínicos de hombres y mujeres de entre 11 y 50 años que acudieron al servicio de cirugía maxilofacial del hospital Monte Sinaí de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador, con diagnóstico de maloclusiones esqueletales. Se obtuvieron 308 expedientes clínicos desde el año 2010 hasta el año 2020, de los cuales 202 fueron incluidos en esta investigación por contar con radiografía cefalométrica del paciente, tomada en el servicio de radiología e imagen del Hospital Monte Sinaí. Resultados: Después del análisis estadístico encontramos que el 49% de la muestra presenta clase III, 43,56% clase II y el 7,42% clase I. Según la base ósea involucrada la clase III puede presentarse como: maxilar normal con prognatismo mandibular (35,64%), protrusión maxilar con prognatismo mandibular (22,77%) o retrusión maxilar con prognatismo mandibular (13,36%). Conclusión: La maloclusión esquelética más prevalente en esta población es la clase III y la menos frecuente es la clase I, siendo mayor en hombres que en mujeres en un rango de edad de 16 a 20 años.
Comparación de la eficacia del color y sensibilidad entre el Peróxido de Hidrógeno y Peróxido de Carbamida: Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Salazar García Lizbeth Eliana , González Chimbo Estefanía Alexandra , Palacios Astudillo Iván Andrés
Published: April 2021

Hoy en día existen varios métodos de aplicación del peróxido de carbamida e hidrógeno para su uso en el clareamiento dental, mediante esta investigación de la literatura se trata de determinar cuál es la mejor opción. Objetivo: Comparar mediante una revisión de literatura la eficacia del color y la sensibilidad dental producida por el peróxido de hidrógeno y el peróxido de carbamida.  Método: Las bases de datos empleadas fueron PUBMED, Scopus y Web of Science.  El método de búsqueda fue “TOOTH WHITENING AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND CARBAMIDE PEROXIDE” aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvo 9 artículos para esta revisión de la literatura. Resultado: De acuerdo a los estudios analizados se encontró que todos los agentes aclaradores mejoran el aspecto del color de las estructuras dentales. En la mayoría de los estudios la sensibilidad dental, estaba presente; sin embargo, el peróxido de carbamida produce menos sensibilidad. Conclusión: El peróxido de hidrógeno como el peróxido de carbamida son efectivos para producir un cambio de color de los dientes.  En los dientes más oscuros el tratamiento es más efectivo independientemente del agente aclarante utilizado. Por otro lado, la sensibilidad es menor cuando se aplica peróxido de carbamida.
HUBUNGAN STIGMA DIRI DENGAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ARV PADA ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA)
Authors: Kurniyanti Mizam Ari
Published: April 2021

Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Is one of the worst pandemic, besides impact to the physical cause psikososial anciety.Until now it has not been found the drug therapy / the healer HIV / AIDS so as to cause odha feel down even apathetic, in addition condition self stigma (perceived stigma) in ODHA so can be lowered compliance drink ARV. The purpose of research carried out in peer support groups jombang care center ( kds jcc ) district jombang in general to drink in compliance ARV ODHA .In this research using analytic methods the cross sectional. Observasional respondents were 55 ODHA taken purposive approach based on techniques of sampling of 550 ODHA joined at KDS JCC and meet the criteria for inclusion and ekslusi. The self stigma measured with selected berger stigma scale and drink ARV measured by of the questionnaire was compliance drink a drug ( MMAS ). Data analyse using Somer’s test. the results of the study obtained as follows 61,8% Male ODHA respondent, 78,2% in age 26 year until 45 year, 43,6% Senior High Shool,  67,3% work, 45,5% had income levels under 1 million per month,  47,3%, married and 72,5% had diagnose HIV/AIDS in 1 until 5 years. Perceived stigma from the perception of living most enough as much as 74,5%. Compliance drink were any ARVS in ODHA 56,4%  categorized as high compliance .There is a significant relation exists between / meaningful stigma to compliance drink were any ARVS (p=0,024 dan r= 0,276). Advice the strategy koping who focuses on the problem ( problem-focused coping strategies ) used odha is joining social support groups , open hiv status , counseling and improving the optimization of adherence to art is the joint responsibility of of the program , patients , health care providers , and family and community projects
Держава і місцеве самоврядування в Україні як інститути утвердження влади народу (питання взаємодії)
Authors: МОРОЗ ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: April 2021

Серед багатьох вад української державності визначальною є відсутність необхідної системи влади, тієї системи, за допомогою якої Україна могла би стати насправді правовою, демократичною і соціальною державою. У суспільному житті, в державному управлінні відсутність такої системи підмінюється її сурогатами, що мають формальні ознаки необхідних елементів влади, але суттю своєю протилежні декларованому в дефініціях змісту. Це небезпечно не лише спотворенням важливих категорій (рада, партія, демократія, право, вибори, справедливість тощо), а й виродженням державних інституцій у свою протилежність, при певних умовах – втратою державності.
Як суб’єкт периферійного капіталізму, Україна небезпечно наблизилася до такої перспективи, набуваючи ознак колонії з її закономірними атрибутами: зовнішнім управлінням, експортно-орієнтованою сировинною економікою, безробіттям, фінансовою, енергетичною, військовою та іншими залежностями. Похідними такого стану стали втрата контролю над частиною територій, деіндустріалізація, занепад науки і всієї соціальної сфери, небувала трудова міграція, порушення прав людини, неймовірна корупція (“генератором” якої є державні, найперше правоохоронні, органи), озлидніння більшості населення при фантастичному збагаченні окремих. Бізнес, кримінал і влада створюють конгломерат, чий інтерес протилежний інтересам переважної більшості населення, між владою і народом розширюється прірва. Зрозуміло, що така держава не має майбутнього. Вона може епізодично прислужуватися зовнішнім силам, будучи подразником для підігрівання конфліктів при геополітичному протистоянні відомих держав. Власне, те і спостерігається.
Як запобігти катастрофі? Ключ до порятунку – реформа системи влади, розвиток реального спроможного самоврядування. Тим самим розпочинається перетворення людини в громадянина, населення – у народ. Ідеться про один з основних напрямів для досягнення цієї мети.
Демократична, соціальна, правова держава в контексті національної ідеї України
Authors: СКРИПНЮК ОЛЕКСАНДР , СКРИПНЮК ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: April 2021

Мета статті полягає у переосмисленні фундаментальних доктринальних трансформацій на основі реалізації національної ідеї, втілення її в побудові демократичної, соціальної, правової держави в контексті досягнення прогресу в розвитку України, а також концептуальному розробленні та обґрунтуванні нової парадигми доктринального тлумачення як елемента конституційно-правового регулювання.
У статті розглядається проблема правотворчого значення юридичної доктрини, її взаємозв’язок із національною ідеєю та демократичною, соціальною, правовою державою. На думку авторів, доктрина становить внутрішньо узгоджений сегмент правової науки, що не тільки дає загальновизнану в юридичному співтоваристві інтерпретацію правових феноменів, а й встановлює обов’язкові для державних і суспіль них інститутів, членів суспільства моделі функціонування і поведінки. Як і правова наука загалом, доктрина являє собою сукупність знакових форм (текстів), у яких втілюється зміст національної ідеї як добровільно обраної мети і необхідного засобу поступального прогресивного розвитку країни. Як джерело права доктрина створює юридичні норми на основі типізації суб’єктивних прав і обов’язків як державних інститутів, так і індивідів. Реалізація правотворчої функції доктрини здійснюється, на переконання авторів, трьома шляхами, а саме через законотворчість, судову практику і правозастосовну діяльність юристів-практиків.Будучи відносно вільним від формальностей продуктом інтелектуальної діяльності і деякою мірою результатом науки й творчості, доктрина служить орієнтиром до досягнення суспільного прогресу – побудови демократичної, соціальної, правової держави та громадянського суспільства. При цьому в ролі матеріального результату вона повинна виражати не просто загальну ідею або ініціативу, а національну ідею, втілену в конституції та інших законодавчих актах, які визначають орієнтири та координати побудови прогресивної держави і суспільства.
Розроблення нової юридичної доктрини України передбачає об’єктивне визнання того, що існують розбіжності публічних і приватних галузей права, адже публічні галузі регулюють насамперед відносини, пов’язані з можливістю реалізації прав і свобод людини та громадянина, а також правовідносини політичного володарювання в державі та суспільстві. У цьому сенсі особливого значення набуває доктринальне переосмислення базових основ конституційного ладу держави. Дійсно, за сучасних обставин однією з найактуальніших доктринальних проблем українського суспільного життя є природа та зміст її конституційного ладу.
Автори доходять висновку, що правова система сучасної України перебуває на стадії трансформації, і нині формуються нові форми взаємодії юридичної доктрини та механізму держави.
Судовим реформам в Україні – науково-доктринальну основу
Authors: ЄВГРАФОВА ЄЛИЗАВЕТА , ТЕПТЮК ЄВГЕН
Published: April 2021

Метою статті є визначення доктринальних орієнтирів для комплексної судової реформи як складової процесу втілення в життя принципу конституційної законності.
Стаття присвячена дослідженню актуальних питань забезпечення ефективності судової системи, незалежності судової влади та необхідності формування науково обґрунтованої, вільної від суб’єктивних уподобань концепції розвитку судової системи.
У статті стверджується, що внаслідок так званих “судових реформ” в останнє десятиліття національна судова влада виявилася розбалансованою, спотворено функцію правосуддя.
Наголошено, що захист права у правовій державі, якої прагне Україна, має розпочинатися на конституційному рівні – із захисту самої Конституції та втілення в життя принципу конституційної законності.
Як головне завдання судової реформи в доктрині визначається максимальне зменшення адміністративно-бюрократичного впливу на судову владу та істотне посилення підконтрольності судової системи установчій і контрольній владі народу та його представницьким органам.
Серед важливих чинників забезпечення ефективності судової системи у статті визначаються легітимне й повноцінне представництво громадянського суспільства та його інститутів у процесі судочинства, зокрема народних засідателів і присяжних, а також унормування праці судді та оплати цієї праці, яка б стимулювала зростання професійної кваліфікації суддів. Відстоюється необхідність спрощення судової системи, а також відзначено потребу відновити систему військового правосуддя.
Обґрунтовується необхідність розроблення на єдиних концептуальних основах комплексного реформування правоохоронної системи та послідовна реалізація низки реформ за окремими напрямами (реформа слідства, реформа конституційної юстиції, реформа судів загальної юрисдикції, реформа прокуратури тощо), синхронізуючи їх із проведенням інших видів судової (правоохоронної) реформи, з одночасним узгодженням із парламентською, адміністративними та муніципальними реформами. Зроблено висновок, що тільки системний комплексний підхід до реформи судової влади в Україні можна вважати насправді науково обґрунтованим, і саме на такий підхід повинна орієнтувати законодавця юридична доктрина України.
Податкові розслідування: нові виклики для України та зарубіжний досвід
Authors: КУЧЕРЯВЕНКО МИКОЛА , ТЕЛЕНИК СЕРГІЙ
Published: April 2021

Нині особливої актуальності набувають питання, пов’язані з протидією та боротьбою зі складноструктурованими моделями (схемами) з ухилення від сплати податків і зборів.
Мета статті має комплексний характер. Змістовно вона полягає у такому: 1) окреслити пріоритетні завдання та на їх основі сформувати концептуальні блоки повноважень такого структурного підрозділу; 2) проаналізувати міжнародні підходи та зарубіжний досвід до провадження аналітичної діяльності у сфері податкових розслідувань; 3) визначити позитивні (придатні для рецепції) та дискусійні (неактуальні для України) аспекти повноважень зарубіжних органів (їх підрозділів), які провадять діяльність аналітичного характеру в контексті податкових розслідувань.
Аналітичну діяльність в аспекті податкових розслідувань було розділено на два рівні: 1) міжнародні підходи – формулюються наднаціональними інституціями (міжнародними організаціями) та визначають конкретні пропозиції, які можуть бути актуальними для національних систем оподаткування; 2) зарубіжні підходи – конкретні “кейси” окремо взятих держав із реалізації моделей аналітичної діяльності з виявлення схем агресивного податкового планування, ухилення від оподаткування, зловживання платниками податків належними їм правами тощо. При цьому зарубіжні підходи було структуровано залежно від предметної специфіки у діяльності аналітичних органів (структурних підрозділів): а) органи загальноподаткової компетенції; б) органи спеціально-податкової компетенції.
Отже, для України цілком доцільно запозичити передові підходи до провадження аналітичної діяльності у сфері податкових розслідувань, що вже ефективно застосовуються такими державами, як США, Австралія та Канада.
The influence of wine polyphenols on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production by rat macrophages RAW 264.7
Authors: Číž M , Pavelková M , Gallová L , Králová J , Kubala L , Lojek A
Published: April 2021

The aim was to study the antioxidant properties of four wine
polyphenols (flavonoids catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin, and
hydroxystilbene resveratrol). All three flavonoids exerted
significant and dose-dependent scavenging effects against
peroxyl radical and nitric oxide in chemical systems. The
scavenging effect of resveratrol was significantly lower. All
polyphenols decreased production of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) by RAW264.7 macrophages. Only quercetin quenched ROS
produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7
macrophages incubated for 24 h with polyphenols. Quercetin and
resveratrol decreased the release of nitric oxide by these cells in
a dose-dependent manner which corresponded to a decrease in
iNOS expression in the case of quercetin. In conclusion, the
higher number of hydroxyl substituents is an important structural
feature of flavonoids in respect to their scavenging activity
against ROS and nitric oxide, while C-2,3 double bond (present in
quercetin and resveratrol) might be important for inhibition of
ROS and nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Effect of chronic cadmium exposure on antioxidant defense system in some tissues of rats: protective effect of selenium
Authors: Ognjanović BI , Marković SD , Pavlović SZ , Žikić RV , Štajn AŠ , Saičić ZS
Published: April 2021

The effects of selenium (Se) on antioxidant defense system in
liver and kidneys of rats with cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity were
examined. Cd exposure (15 mg Cd/kg b.m./day as CdCl2 for 4
weeks) resulted in increased lipid peroxidation (LP) in both
organs (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Vitamin C (Vit C) was decreased
in the liver (p<0.005), whereas vitamin E (Vit E) was increased in
the liver and kidneys (p<0.005 and p<0.05) of Cd-exposed
animals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase
(GSH-Px) activities were decreased in both tissues (p<0.05 and
p<0.005), whereas catalase (CAT) activity was decreased only in
liver (p<0.005). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) increased in
both tissues (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Treatment with Se (0.5 mg
Se/kg b.m./day as Na2SeO3 for 4 weeks) significantly increased
liver and kidneys SOD and GSH-Px activities (p<0.05 to
p<0.005), as well as CAT and GST activities only in the liver
(p<0.01). In animals exposed to Se, both the concentrations of
Vit C (p<0.01) and Vit E (p<0.005) were increased in both
tissues. Co-treatment with Se resulted in reversal of oxidative
stress with significant decline in analyzed tissues Cd burden. Our
results show that Se may ameliorate Cd-induced oxidative stress
by decreasing LP and altering antioxidant defense system in rat
liver and kidneys and that Se demonstrates the protective effect
from cadmium-induced oxidative damage.
Immunological response in the mouse melanoma model after local hyperthermia
Authors: Kubeš J , Svoboda J , Rosina J , Starec M , Fišerová A
Published: April 2021

Our study was aimed to characterize the phenotype and
functional endpoints of local microwave hyperthermia (LHT,
42 °C) on tumor infiltrating and spleen leukocytes. The
effectiveness of LHT applied into the tumor of B16F10
melanoma-bearing C57/BL6 mice was compared with
anesthetized and non-treated animals. Subpopulations of
leukocytes were analyzed using the flow cytometry, and the
cytotoxic activity of splenocytes against syngeneic B16F10
melanoma and NK-sensitive YAC-1 tumor cell lines was evaluated
in 51Cr-release assay. Similarly, the in vitro modification of the
heat treatment was performed using healthy and melanomabearing splenocytes. We found a 40 % increase of activated
monocytes (CD11b+CD69+) infiltration into the tumor
microenvironment. In the spleen of experimental animals, the
numbers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs-CD3+CD8+) and NK
cell (CD49b+NK1.1+) raised by 22 % and 14 %, respectively,
while the NK1.1+ monocytes decreases by 37 %. This was
accompanied by an enhancement of cytotoxic effector function
against B16F10 and YAC-1 targets in both in vivo and in vitro
conditions. These results demonstrate that LHT induces better
killing of syngeneic melanoma targets. Furthermore, LHT evokes
the homing of activated monocytes into the tumor
microenvironment and increases the counts of NK cells and CTL
in the spleen.
Yet Speak We Must
Authors: Soskice Janet
Published: April 2021

This response to Robin Kirkpatrick's article in this issue of CounterText takes up the theme of what can be said when, through excess, we know that speech fails or will not do. Theologians know this, as did St Paul, and as do poets. Words can be carefully crafted to lead us (manuduction), to involve us, to entice us to play. Dante knew this, as did Aquinas. We can ‘fail’ in speaking because we have glimpsed what really ‘is’.
Vocativity and Dialogue in the Process of Reading for Translation
Authors: Scott Clive
Published: April 2021

This article sets out to identify those modes of reading likely to make the process of translation optimally fruitful. It opens with the proposition that translation peculiarly has the capacity to transform our habits of reading and, by doing so, to re-empower language. Such a capacity depends on our establishing a vocative (co-participational) relationship with the text to be translated, rather than an accusative one (source text as analysable document). The pursuit of the vocative entails giving prominence to prosodic or paralinguistic features of language, and to the situation of speech, and preferring the notion of sense to that of meaning. The nature of this vocative relationship is further clarified and refined by reference to Martin Buber's Ich und Du (1923). To properly appreciate translation as the multiform and connective activity that it is, we must understand the ‘divinity’ of Babel's dialogic and dialectical reciprocities rather than see in Babel a condemnation to untranslatability. The article closes with a translation of Rilke's Sonette an Orpheus, I, 26, which in both subject and translational method plays out the foregoing arguments.
E-Participation in Local Government: Case of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality
Authors: UÇAR Harika , CANSEL Arıl
Published: April 2021

Cities are affected by changes in the economic, social, cultural, technological and political factors. In the context of participation in the management, it is important that citizens develop methods to adapt to this process and become a part of this change. In this context, the use of digital technology in local governments can be increased. Citizens’ participation in decision-making processes can also be increased depending on the development of technological infrastructure. In this study, Ankara Metropolitan Municipality's digital transformation process is introduced as a case covering the recent history and the newest mobile app Başkentmobil. The first phase of the application introduced by the mayor along with concepts such as democratic governance, transparency, participation, and accountability. The mayor also mentioned that most of the app was developed by the specialists working for the municipality. The app was launched, and the second phase will be completed in June. This study aims to evaluate the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality's efforts to transform into mobile municipality in the light of scientific data.
Sosyal Medya Güncel Tartışmalar: Sosyal Medyanın Kontrolü & Sosyal Medya Hizmet ve Gizlilik Sözleşmeleri & Yerli ve Milli Sosyal Medya
Authors: GÜLASLAN Taylan
Published: April 2021

Dünya nüfusunun yarısından fazlası aktif sosyal medya kullanıcısıdır. Bu mecrada farklı gerekçelerle vakit geçiren insanlar, sosyal medya şirketlerine önemli kişisel veriler sağlamakta ve adeta bu şirketlerin bir çalışanı haline dönüşmektedirler. Sosyal medya kullanımındaki artışla doğru orantılı olarak, bu mecrada siber zorbalık, nefret söylemi gibi yasa dışı içeriklerin sayısında da artış yaşanması, ülkeleri sosyal medyayı kontrol etmede ve güvenli siber ortamı tesis etmede yasal düzenlemeler yapmak zorunda bırakmıştır. Sosyal medya şirketleri de, ülkeler tarafından yapılan düzenlemelere uygun olarak kendi hizmet ve gizlilik sözleşmelerini düzenli aralıklarla güncellemektedir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle seçilen ülke ve örgütlerin sosyal medya yasal düzenlemeleri ve çalışmaları incelenmiş, sosyal medya platformlarına ait hizmet ve gizlilik sözleşmeleri gözden geçirilmiş ve müteakiben yerli ve milli sosyal medya konusu tartışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda; özellikle ifade özgürlüğünün ve demokrasinin merkezi kabul edilen ülkelerde bile sosyal medyayı kontrol altına almaya yönelik önemli yasal düzenlemelerin yapıldığı görülmüştür. Yakın gelecekte sosyal medyanın kontrolüne dair düzenlemelerin uluslararası ortama doğru evrilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Hizmet ve gizlilik sözleşmelerinin uzun metinlerden oluşması, okunsa dahi anlaşılmasının güç olması ve muğlâk ifadeler içermesi sebebiyle kullanıcılar aleyhine durumların ortaya çıkma ihtimali yüksektir. Yerli ve milli sosyal medya çalışmaları kapsamında, Siber Vatan’ın güvenliğinin sağlanmasında tüm paydaşların sürece dâhil edildiği eylem planlarının hayata geçirilmesine ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Random-Walk, Agent-Level Pandemic Simulation (RAW-ALPS) for Analyzing Effects of Different Lockdown Measures
Authors: Srivastava Anuj
Published: April 2021

This article develops an agent-level stochastic simulation model, termed RAW-ALPS, for simulating the spread of an epidemic in a community. The mechanism of transmission is agent-to-agent contact, using parameters reported for the COVID-19 pandemic. When unconstrained, the agents follow independent random walks and catch infections due to physical proximity with infected agents. Under lockdown, an infected agent can only infect a coinhabitant, leading to a reduction in the spread. The main goal of the RAW-ALPS simulation is to help quantify the effects of preventive measures—timing and durations of lockdowns—on infections, fatalities, and recoveries. The model helps measure changes in infection rates and casualties due to the imposition and maintenance of restrictive measures. It considers three types of lockdowns: 1) whole population (except the essential workers), 2) only the infected agents, and 3) only the symptomatic agents. The results show that the most effective use of lockdown measures is when all infected agents, including both symptomatic and asymptomatic, are quarantined, while the uninfected agents are allowed to move freely. This result calls for regular and extensive testing of a population to isolate and restrict all infected agents.
Fast and Accurate Classification of Meta-Genomics Long Reads With deSAMBA
Authors: Li Gaoyang , Liu Yongzhuang , Li Deying , Liu Bo , Li Junyi , Hu Yang , Wang Yadong
Published: April 2021

There is still a lack of fast and accurate classification tools to identify the taxonomies of noisy long reads, which is a bottleneck to the use of the promising long-read metagenomic sequencing technologies. Herein, we propose de Bruijn graph-based Sparse Approximate Match Block Analyzer (deSAMBA), a tailored long-read classification approach that uses a novel pseudo alignment algorithm based on sparse approximate match block (SAMB). Benchmarks on real sequencing datasets demonstrate that deSAMBA enables to achieve high yields and fast speed simultaneously, which outperforms state-of-the-art tools and has many potentials to cutting-edge metagenomics studies.
Adiponectin as Well as Compressive Forces Regulate in vitro β-Catenin Expression on Cementoblasts via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Activation
Authors: Yong Jiawen , von Bremen Julia , Ruiz-Heiland Gisela , Ruf Sabine
Published: April 2021

We aimed to investigate the molecular effect that adiponectin exerts on cementoblasts especially in the presence of compressive forces. OCCM-30 cells (M. Somerman, NIH, NIDCR, United States) were used. Real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots were employed to verify if the mRNA and protein levels of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and β-catenin signaling were influenced by compressive forces or adiponectin. Moreover, siRNAs targeting P38α, JNK1, ERK1, ERK2, and AdipoRs as well as pharmacological MAPK inhibition were performed. We found that compressive forces increase the expression of AdipoRs. Adiponectin and compression up-regulate P38α,JNK1, ERK1, and ERK2 as well as β-catenin gene expression. Western blots showed that co-stimuli activate the MAPK and β-catenin signaling pathways. MAPK inhibition alters the compression-induced β-catenin activation and the siRNAs targeting AdipoRs, P38α, and JNK1, showing the interaction of single MAPK molecules and β-catenin signaling in response to compression or adiponectin. Silencing by a dominantly negative version of P38α and JNK1 attenuates adiponectin-induced TCF/LEF reporter activation. Together, we found that light compressive forces activate β-catenin and MAPK signaling pathways. Adiponectin regulates β-catenin signaling principally by inactivating the GSK-3β kinase activity. β-Catenin expression was partially inhibited by MAPK blockade, indicating that MAPK plays a crucial role regulating β-catenin during cementogenesis. Moreover, adiponectin modulates GSK-3β and β-catenin mostly through AdipoR1. P38α is a key connector between β-catenin, TCF/LEF transcription, and MAPK signaling pathway.
The Role of Histone Protein Acetylation in Regulating Endothelial Function
Authors: Fang Zhi , Wang Xiang , Sun Xiaoran , Hu Wenquan , Miao Qing R.
Published: April 2021

Endothelial cell (EC), consisting of the innermost cellular layer of all types of vessels, is not only a barrier composer but also performing multiple functions in physiological processes. It actively controls the vascular tone and the extravasation of water, solutes, and macromolecules; modulates circulating immune cells as well as platelet and leukocyte recruitment/adhesion and activation. In addition, EC also tightly keeps coagulation/fibrinolysis balance and plays a major role in angiogenesis. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Growing pieces of evidence suggest that histone protein acetylation, an epigenetic mark, is altered in ECs under different conditions, and the acetylation status change at different lysine sites on histone protein plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction and involved in hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammatory disease, cancer and so on. In this review, we highlight the importance of histone acetylation in regulating endothelial functions and discuss the roles of histone acetylation across the transcriptional unit of protein-coding genes in ECs under different disease-related pathophysiological processes. Since histone acetylation changes are conserved and reversible, the knowledge of histone acetylation in endothelial function regulation could provide insights to develop epigenetic interventions in preventing or treating endothelial dysfunction-related diseases.
Synthesis and Characterization of Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers Based on Benzodipyrrolidone
Authors: Chi Zheng , Dong Hao , Shi Ganhui , Liu Pan , Ma Chenchen , Chen Xuegang
Published: April 2021

A simple route to the preparation of benzodipyrrolidone (BDP) based monomeric building blocks containing 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines is reported from a common precursor 4′-(4-pinacolatoboronphenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine via Suzuki coupling reaction. Self-assembly polymerization with ruthenium (II) ions under mild conditions yielded a series of novel metallo-supramolecular polymers with weak donor-acceptor (D-A) structures based on benzodipyrrolidone. The structure of the bridge connected BDP with terpyridine have a significant impact on the wavelength and intensity of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) absorption peak. The resulting metallo-polymers exhibited strong double absorption bands around 315 nm and 510 nm involved in π-π* transitions and ICT or metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption bands. The forming of D-A structure and coordination with ruthenium (II) ions is favorable to narrow the energy gap and the energy gaps of the resulting metallo-supramolecular polymers are 2.01 and 1.62 eV, respectively.
Post-ischemic Myocardial Inflammatory Response: A Complex and Dynamic Process Susceptible to Immunomodulatory Therapies
Authors: Pluijmert Niek J. , Atsma Douwe E. , Quax Paul H. A.
Published: April 2021

Following acute occlusion of a coronary artery causing myocardial ischemia and implementing first-line treatment involving rapid reperfusion, a dynamic and balanced inflammatory response is initiated to repair and remove damaged cells. Paradoxically, restoration of myocardial blood flow exacerbates cell damage as a result of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MI-R) injury, which eventually provokes accelerated apoptosis. In the end, the infarct size still corresponds to the subsequent risk of developing heart failure. Therefore, true understanding of the mechanisms regarding MI-R injury, and its contribution to cell damage and cell death, are of the utmost importance in the search for successful therapeutic interventions to finally prevent the onset of heart failure. This review focuses on the role of innate immunity, chemokines, cytokines, and inflammatory cells in all three overlapping phases following experimental, mainly murine, MI-R injury known as the inflammatory, reparative, and maturation phase. It provides a complete state-of-the-art overview including most current research of all post-ischemic processes and phases and additionally summarizes the use of immunomodulatory therapies translated into clinical practice.
Pioglitazone for NAFLD Patients With Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lian Jingxuan , Fu Jianfang
Published: April 2021

Objective

To systematically evaluate the effects of pioglitazone in the treatment of patients with prediabetes or T2DM combined with NAFLD.

Methods

The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and ClinicalTrials databases were searched until August 2020 for publications written in English. Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, continuous data extraction, independent assessment of bias risk, and graded the strength of evidence. Our primary outcomes were the individual number of patients with improvement of at least 1 point in each of the histological parameters. Baseline characteristic data, such as BMI, weight, total body fat, fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin, and liver biological indicators, such as triglyceride level, HDL cholesterol level, plasma AST, and plasma ALT, were used as secondary outcomes.

Results

A total of 4 studies were included. Compared with placebo, pioglitazone significantly improved steatosis grade, inflammation grade and ballooning grade, while in the fibrosis stage, there was no significant improvement in pioglitazone compared with placebo. In addition, pioglitazone can also improve blood glucose and liver function.

Conclusion

Pioglitazone can significantly improve the histological performance of the liver and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, it can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma AST, ALT and other liver biological indicators. Due to the lack of relevant randomized controlled trials and short intervention times, long-term studies are still needed to verify its efficacy and safety.

Systematic Review Registration

[PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42020212025].
Spatial Variation in Microbial Community in Response to As and Pb Contamination in Paddy Soils Near a Pb-Zn Mining Site
Authors: Zou Lina , Lu Yanhong , Dai Yuxia , Khan Muhammad Imran , Gustave Williamson , Nie Jun , Liao Yulin , Tang Xianjin , Shi Jiyan , Xu Jianming
Published: April 2021

Mining activity is a growing environmental concern as it contributes to heavy metals (HMs) pollution in agricultural soils. Microbial communities play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of HMs and have the potential to be used as bioindicators. Arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) are the most hazardous HMs and are mainly originated from mining activities. However, spatial variation in microbial community in response to As and Pb contamination in paddy soils remains overlooked. In this study, the biological and chemical properties of sixteen soil samples from four sites (N01, N02, N03, and N04) near a Pb-Zn mining site at different As and Pb levels were examined. The results showed that soil pH, total As and Pb, bioavailable As and Pb, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH4+-N) were the most important factors in shaping the bacterial community structure. In addition, significant correlations between various bacterial genera and As and Pb concentrations were observed, indicating their potential roles in As and Pb biogeochemical cycling. These findings provide insights into the variation of paddy soil bacterial community in soils co-contaminated with different levels of As and Pb.