bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the Possibility of Creating Large-Scale Structures in the Open Space Conditions
Authors:   Perm State University, Pomorceva Tatiana N. , Komar Lyudmila А. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics
Published: December 2023

The paper gives a brief overview of the history of the development of inflatable space struc-tures. Further development should be the use of inflatable shells that harden in space. The possibility of using this technology in the framework of the use of simple tasks is considered in the article. On the ex-ample of thick-walled spherical and cylindrical shells, using Lame's analytical solutions, it is shown that the thickness of the shell can be thin. The thin shell design is much easier to inflate. No high pressure is required for this. Using the classical heat conduction equation, the temperature distribution inside a cy-lindrical shell is determined. When setting the boundary conditions, the flux of rays incident both from the side of the Sun and from the side of the Earth was taken into account. The radiation on the surface of the cylinder was calculated according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law. It has been established that a tem-perature occurs in the shell, the maximum value of which is in the range from 150 to 200 degrees Celsi-us. Prepreg casings require the use of a high temperature resin suitable for hot curing.
Program Realization for Code Metrics Calculation in Object-Oriented Programming Language
Authors:   Perm State University, Korznikov Artem O. , Datsun Natalya N. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

All groups of software product lifecycle processes executed by developers are complicated to implement. The code generation possibility and a requirement of evaluation for each participant contri-bution in case of teamwork also should be considered. A quantitative estimation for various aspects of software is proposed by code metrics calculation. The work purpose is development of a program for calculating the metrics of a software product for various object-oriented programming languages. The tasks are development of metrics exploitation approaches for evaluating and comparing code and imple-mentation of the metric calculation program. The description for subsets of the languages C#, C++ and Java was created. A values gradation Halstead metrics and the approaches for analyzing dynamic changes of a software product and comparison of different programs solving the same problem are pro-posed and first allowed calculated metrics values interpretation. “Metrics Observer” program was devel-oped. It calculates 11 metrics values for programs in object-oriented language and 16 metrics values that do not depend on the paradigm. Practical significance is to prepare solutions for comparing different implementations of the same task, identifying code modules for refactoring, estimating dynamic code quality changes during the development / refactoring process and individual contributions of developers to a project.
Features of the formation of Ni-Cr coatings obtained by diffusion alloying from low-melting liquid metal solutions
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Bobylyov Eduard , Storojenko Ivan ,   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Matorin Anastas ,   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Marchenko Viacheslav ,   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The main ways to increase steel parts properties are considered. The rationale for choosing Ni and Cr as the main components of the coating is given. The technology of diffusion alloying from low-melting liquid metal solutions (DALMMS) is given. The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the coatings formation with simultaneous diffusion saturation of nickel and chromium structural steels using the DALMMS technology. Methodology. Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30 mm were subjected to DALMMS. The specimens were manufactured of the following structural steels: carbon steel St3, alloyed carbon steels 40Cr, 40Cr13, and extrafine steel 30CrMnSiNi2. As a technological medium with DALLMS (transport melt), a Pb-Li eutectic melt with the specified content of Ni and Cr was used. Metallographic studies were carried out on microsections prepared according to the standard methodology. Studies to determine the thickness of coatings and its structure were carried out on the Dura Scan Falcon 500 microhardness tester. The elemental composition of the coatings was determined by the method of X-ray microanalysis on a Tescan Lyra 3 scanning electron microscope with the Oxford Ultim MAX PCMA system. Results and discuss. It is revealed that the formation of diffusive Ni-Cr coatings occurs with DALMMS. With DALMMS of structural steels contained carbon in cementite form two-layers coatings are formed: surface carbide layer and transition solid-soluble one. At the same time, the chromium content in the surface layers reaches 80 % with a nickel content of 1.5 %. The maximum Ni concentration is observed in the transition layer and amounts to 21 % at a depth of 5 µm on steel 30CrMnSiNi2 and 13 % at a depth of 4.5 µm for steel 40Cr. Carrying out the DALMMS on steels containing carbon in the form of chromium carbides, or containing carbon in small amounts, leads to the formation of single-layer coatings based on solid solutions. The Ni content in the coating reaches 40 %, the chromium content for steel St3 is 14.5 %; for steel 40Cr13 it was 9 %.
Опасная практика ВТО: толкование исключения по соображениям безопасности в споре США — Требования к маркировке
Authors: Боклан Дарья Сергеевна , Мурашко Елена Андреевна
Published: December 2023

Впервые с момента создания Всемирной торговой организации (далее — ВТО) в практике Органа по разрешению споров (далее — ОРС) ВТО толкование исключения по соображениям безопасности было дано третейской группой в споре Российская Федерация — Меры, ограничивающие транзит. Этот доклад третейской группы был утвержден ОРС ВТО. В данном споре третейская группа использовала комбинированный подход для толкования исключения по соображениям национальной безопасности: для части исключения использовался субъективный подход, а для другой части — объективный. При этом третейская группа применила узкий подход к толкованию термина «чрезвычайная ситуация в международных отношениях», ограничив его рядом объективных критериев, которым должна соответствовать чрезвычайная ситуация, и рассмотрев в качестве международных отношений двусторонние отношения спорящих членов ВТО военного характера или связанные с обеспечением публичного порядка. В дальнейшем в споре Саудовская Аравия — Меры, касающиеся защиты прав на интеллектуальную собственность и спорах США — Некоторые меры в отношении товаров из стали и алюминия в целом был сохранен комбинированный подход третейской группы, использованный в споре Российская Федерация — Меры, ограничивающие транзит. При этом в споре Саудовская Аравия — Меры, касающиеся защиты прав на интеллектуальную собственность было дано толкование аналогичного положения, предусмотренного статьей 73(b)(iii) Соглашения о торговых аспектах прав интеллектуальной собственности. В данном споре третейская группа дополнила толкование рядом объективных критериев, основанных на обстоятельствах данного спора. Однако в докладе третейской группы по спору США — Требования к маркировке сбалансированная и логичная позиция группы, сформулированная в споре Российская Федерация — Меры, ограничивающие транзит, существенно изменилась, поскольку в первом деле третейская группа дала широкое толкование термина «чрезвычайная ситуация в международных отношениях», включив в него такие виды международных отношений как экономические, социальные, политические и культурные, не ограничивая их только двусторонними отношениями между спорящими членами ВТО. Авторы настоящей статьи полагают, что использование широкого подхода может усугубить текущий кризис системы разрешения споров ВТО и способствовать злоупотреблениям со стороны ответчиков при использовании исключения по соображениям безопасности для оправдания мер, нарушающих обязательства, предусмотренные соглашениями ВТО. В результате применения такого широкого толкования возникнет ситуация, при которой право ВТО соблюдается по желанию, поскольку члены ВТО смогут использовать в качестве оправдания протекционистских мер, ограничивающих торговлю, любую ситуацию, связанную с напряжением в любых международных отношениях.
That all shall be saved
Authors: De Bruin Dieter
Published: December 2023

Central to the question of evangelism in the Southern African context is to “begin again at the beginning” of what exactly the gospel is and what it entails. This article contends that any formulation of the gospel of “the living Lord Jesus Christ …” that envisions even the possibility of the notion of hell as eternal separation from God, annihilation, or punishment for anyone is not “good” news at all, but is in fact, as one writer in the South African context puts it: “the bad news of the Gospel.” Moreover, holistic, or missional conceptions of eschatology, such as that of the influential New Testament Scholar N.T. Wright, inasmuch as they reject or do not explicitly accept universal salvation, lack theological coherence, and cannot be inculcated and shared as good news in the Southern African context. The Dutch Reformed Church and the ecumenical church urgently need to (re)discover the doctrine of ??????????????? for its rediscovery of evangelism not to be in vain.
The impact of historical event on the memory of public place
Authors:   University of Sulaimani, College of Engineering, Architecture Engineering  Department, Mohammed Zamwa , Faraj Raz ,   University of Sulaimani, College of Engineering, Architecture Engineering  Department
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to clarify a subject related to historical events' tangible and intangible effects on public space and how we comprehend the other side of the non-physical component. This research compares a particular example of the public forum of the Jewish holocaust memorial with Sulaymaniya City and Halabja City, Jewish holocaust memorial has an exceptional character with a specific local spirit as it results from dramatic historical occurrences. Preserving this public area and its value is indispensable to show this unfortunate event by which the Jewish holocaust memorial was shaped. Every public space keeps its identity and a specific meaning which is impacted by historical events concerning the place and time. It so is comprehending what is intended to show transparently. Unlike regular public plazas and places, influenced public place has own message to convey, which can tell the story of any event that had happened at that time. However, interpreting hidden occurrences can be shown throughout an ancient public space, allowing further generations to understand what happened before them. Consequently, not only will the historical event be considered a cultural value that clarifies its identification, but the local community also confer a particular meaning to a building since the building or the place may have a meaning to them. Nevertheless, the lack of sense of the soul in a particular place shows that this public place could not fulfil to convey or interpret the historical background (event) to the individuals in order to be more interacted with and preserved by the society who has a significant influence on conserving those building which has comprehensive meaningful. In order to understand why a historical event would leave its fingerprint on a specific place, clarifying the tangible and intangible components of the event is imperative to understand the social and cultural value allocated by the mentioned event. Eventually, tangible and intangible factors of a historic event acquire a public space with determined interpretation or comprehension, by which a significant integration between people and the public will likely be established.
The Effect of Sample Size on the Strength of High-Strength Concrete Containing Silica Fume
Authors:   University of Sulaimani, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Assi Dunyazad
Published: December 2023

Concrete samples during concreting works according to different standards in different countries. On the other hand, it is known that different shapes and sizes of concrete samples can cause variations in results of compressive strength or splitting tensile strength, consequently on the relationship between the two mentioned stresses. This study concentrated on the effect of specimen sizes on concrete's compressive and splitting tensile strength. For this purpose, three different mixes are designed for four different grades of high-strength concretes 60, 70, 80, and 90. Each mixture has different percentages of silica fume 8%, 10.5 and 12%. Moreover, 2% is added for all of the four mixes. Hence, 48 cylinders of different sizes were cast. The specimens are tested for both compressive and splitting strength at 28 days. At the end of the experimental study, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength were performed, and some analyses were performed to obtain conversion factors and relations among these factors and results. The results of analyses indicate that for all testing conditions, there is a strong influence of variation in the size of the specimens, which is evident from the test results. Hence, the small size of the cylinders, which is 70 mm, recorded a higher compressive strength of 8% more than the cylinders of 150 mm diameters. This was concluded also for the case of splitting tensile strengths. However, this difference was different with increasing the grade of concrete, i.e., with an increase in the percentage of SF. The distinction of the ratio of split strength of 100m diameter to the tensile of 150 mm dia. and between the split strength of 70 mm dia. to the strength of 150 mm dia. was only 4%.
Architectural History as a Dynamic Process
Authors: Schwarz Mario
Published: December 2023

Renate Wagner-Rieger focused her research on Austrian medieval architecture in addition to her studies of the ”Wiener Ringstrasse” especially when she participated in significant public Middle Ages art exhibitions. The shows were supported by catalogue essays, which were finally collected in her final book. As a response, she covered a wide range of architectural history in her lectures.
“Types of Representation and Use” — Renate Wagner-Rieger and the Architecture of the Mendicant Order
Authors: Schenkluhn Wolfgang
Published: December 2023

Renate Wagner-Rieger had a keen eye for architectural typology, which in the case of the churches of the mendicant orders made her sensitive to the adoption of Cistercian models and simple building types of older and smaller religious communities. She also recognised the Franciscan three-chapel hall in rudimentary form, although without grasping its innovative significance, and she made an interesting distinction between representational and functional types in the mendicant orders, although it remains open whether this is due more to the 19th century’s understanding of style than to medieval perceptions.
Die Rettung des Forschungsgegenstands vor seiner Zerstörung: Renate Wagner- Riegers Engagement für die Architektur des Historismus im Kontext des „Ringstraßenwerks“
Authors: Nierhaus Andreas
Published: December 2023

Der Beitrag untersucht die Bezüge zwischen Renate Wagner-Riegers bedeutendem Forschungsunternehmen „Wiener Ringstraße” und ihrem Engagement für die Erhaltung der Architektur des 19. Jahrhunderts im Kontext der kunsthistorischen Neubewertung des Historismus.
EFFECT OF EXTRACTION SOLVENTS ON THE PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN XYLARIA POLYMORPHA AND XYLARIA LONGIPES STRAINS
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Atamanchuk Alisa , Bisko Nina ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Background. Fungi of the genus Xylaria are known for their wide range of secondary metabolites, including antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Due to their critical role as chain-breaking antioxidants, phenolic compounds have been studied extensively in plants and fungi. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of the biomass of different strains of two common representatives of this genus in Ukraine – Xylaria polymorpha and Xylaria longipes – by applying various solvents for extraction. Methods. A vegetative mycelium was cultivated in submerged conditions and extracted with ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate. Total phenolic content in extracts was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard. Antioxidant activity was assessed by determining the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging spectrophotometric assay. The correlation between the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the extracts was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient for each organic solvent. Results. Methanol was the most effective solvent in yielding the highest quantities of phenolic compounds. Among all the strains studied, X. polymorpha IBK 2736 exhibited the maximum yield of phenolic compounds at 21,64 ± 0,03 mg GAE/g. Conversely, when ethyl acetate was used as the solvent, the phenolic yield from the biomass of the same strain was significantly lower at 0,68 ± 0,14 mg GAE/g, as well as for other strains in our investigation. Furthermore, the methanol extract of X. longipes IBK 2726 demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity, reaching 88,99 ± 0,07 %, while the ethyl acetate extract of X. longipes IBK 2718 exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity with a value of 41,28 ± 0,33 %. Conclusіons. The results indicated that the amount of extracted phenolic compounds was greatly influenced by the choice of solvent. Methanol was found to be the most effective solvent for extracting these compounds from studied strains, outperforming ethanol and ethyl acetate. Moreover, methanol extracts displayed a strong antioxidant capacity, and the correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between it and the phenolic content present in them. Overall, all the strains investigated showed significant antioxidant potential, highlighting the importance of further studies of the chemical properties of their antioxidant components.
Geological formations as objects of geological tourism in South America
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sapanchuk A. , Demianenko S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The number of tourist arrivals to South America, which has unique natural objects and monuments of cultural history, is growing quite quickly. It is home to the highest waterfall in the world, the Amazon River, the Amazon rainforest, and the high mountain peaks of the Andes. There are also geological objects (waterfalls, outcrops, glacial landforms, etc.) that create a powerful tourist potential of the mainland, which is currently used quite little. Some properties that are not properly assessed are generally within private property, making it difficult to use them for tourism purposes. This article provides general information about geological tourism, the concept of a geological monument of nature and geological diversity. The geological outline of the studied continent is considered, and examples of geological objects in South America, their description, are given. The results are presented in the form of a map, where the studied objects are indicated.
An excursion «Geological pearls of Korosten district»
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fedorenko Ye. , Demianenko S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The number of tourist arrivals to South America, which has unique natural objects and monuments of cultural history, is growing quite quickly. It is home to the highest waterfall in the world, the Amazon River, the Amazon rainforest, and the high mountain peaks of the Andes. There are also geological objects (waterfalls, outcrops, glacial landforms, etc.) that create a powerful tourist potential of the mainland, which is currently used quite little. Some properties that are not properly assessed are generally within private property, making it difficult to use them for tourism purposes. This article provides general information about geological tourism, the concept of a geological monument of nature and geological diversity. The geological outline of the studied continent is considered, and examples of geological objects in South America, their description, are given. The results are presented in the form of a map, where the studied objects are indicated.
Hiking tourist route of the І category of difficulty in the Zakarpattia region
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chesanovskyi O. , Kupach T. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The paper proposes and provides an example of organising and conducting a hiking tour of the first category of difficulty in the Zakarpattia region. When determining the route track, the natural geographical features of the region's territory, which are important in the organisation of hiking routes, as well as possible problems and risks in the organisation of the hike, were studied. The article examines the presence of natural attractions in the area of the hiking route that can be included in the route. The study contains detailed information about the route itself, the duration and distance of the walks, as well as conclusions and recommendations for those organising similar walks in the future. The study discusses the main aspects of route planning and track layout, provides examples of overnight accommodations, safety features and necessary equipment. The results of the study can be used to organise and conduct walking tours in other parts of the Zakarpattia region.
PECULIARITIES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nesterova Maria
Published: December 2023

The issues and problematic points of freedom of conscience, religion and belief, enshrined in the constitutions and primary normative documents of many countries of the world, were considered. It is pointed out that law and religion act as important social regulators in the life of society, influencing the consciousness of subjects through the general rules and norms of behavior established in a certain way, encouraging them to perform lawful actions. Law and religion in their interaction are endowed with a significant potential to influence human activity in the process of realization by subjects of their rights and duties. The controversial points and shortcomings of the world organizations, in particular the UN, in the religious sphere are highlighted, and the ways of solving crisis situations related to religious issues are outlined. The modern limitations of the right to freedom of ideology and religion in war conditions are considered. The problem of ensuring freedom of religion and belief in the conditions of war acquires special relevance and reaches a new level since the religious factor has always been used as a powerful weapon aimed at disuniting the spiritual and value bases of Ukrainian society. Repression, discrimination and restrictions in religious freedom directly affect the development, activities of religious organizations and the everyday life of their followers, which constitutes a threat to a democratic society. Observance and protection of human rights in the sphere of freedom of religion and belief is an important issue of domestic policy of every state and the subject of special attention of the entire international community. Freedom of conscience and religion is the foundation of a democratic society, an important prerequisite for legal democracy and the existence of other rights and freedoms of a person as an individual. Special attention should be paid to religious freedom during the crisis exacerbations, the article contains some suggestions for improving the state of religious freedom in Ukraine.
Artificial Intelligence and Emotions
Authors: Korsakova-Krein M. N.
Published: December 2023

The development of the mind follows the path of biological evolution towards the accumulation and transmission of information with increasing efficiency. In addition to the cognitive constants of speech (Solntsev, 1974), which greatly improved the transmission of information, people have created computing devices, from the abacus to the quantum computer. The capabilities of computers classified as artificial intelligence are developing at a rapid pace. However, at the present stage, artificial intelligence (AI) lacks an emotion module, and this makes AI fundamentally different from human intelligence, since the life of the mind in humans cannot be separated from their feelings (Damasio, 2010; Panksepp, 1997). Consciousness itself is formed through the sensory and motor systems, that is, it is embodied (Foglia & Wilson, 2013), which means that our mental life is inseparable from our sensory motor experience (Wellsby & Pexman, 2014). Evolutionarily, our minds rely on ancient survival mechanisms that influence our decisions and choices. Hence, for example, the question whether the choice of Artificial Intelligence will always be favorable for humanity.
Heuristic modeling of reflection in reflexive games
Authors: Markova G. M. , Bartsev S. I.
Published: December 2023

The functioning of a subject in a changing environment is most effective from the point of view of survival if the subject can form, maintain and use internal representations of the external world for decision-making. These representations are also called reflection in a broad sense. Using it, one can win in reflexive games since an internal representation of the enemy allows predicting their future moves. The goal is to assess the reflexive potential of heuristic model objects – artificial neural networks – in the reflexive games “Even-Odd” (or “Matching pennies”) and “Rock-Paper-Scissors”. We used homogeneous fully connected neural networks of small sizes (from 8 to 45 neurons). Games were played between neural networks with different configurations and parameters (size, step size for modifying weight coefficients). A set of reflexivity criteria is presented, corresponding to different levels of consideration: neuronal, behavioral, formal. The transitivity of formal success in the game is shown. The most successful configurations, however, may not meet other criteria of reflexivity. We hypothesize that the best compliance with the criteria and, as a consequence, universal success in reflection tasks is achievable for heterogeneous configurations with a structure in which the formation of hierarchical systems of attractors is possible.
Machine translation of expressive means – metaphors
Authors: Khabarova E. M.
Published: December 2023

Technology has advanced significantly over the past decades. Significant changes have occurred in the field of translation with the development of programs such as Google.translate and Yandex.translator. The presented applications are already being actively implemented in translation agencies to optimize translation activities, where written translations of documents, articles, annotations, etc. must be provided to customers as quick as possible. While working with popular science text, online programs help translators gain time, but this requires to edit the text. The artistic style requires more concentration and dedication, because. the means of expression presented in it require taking into account the context and nuances of the use of certain units of language. Machine translation has the potential to become an indispensable assistant in the hands of a translator. This article discusses machine translation of expressive means, namely metaphors. The study is illustrated with examples and a comparative analysis of the translation of metaphorical units is carried out, the classification of metaphors is identified and an analysis is carried out with which means of expression the translator is able to cope with. The difficulties of translating metaphors are analyzed.
From Democratic Participation to Cariño: Exploring the Core Commitments of Foundational Scholars in the Field of Youth Participatory Action Research
Authors: Albright Thomas , Brion-Meisels Gretchen
Published: December 2023

In this essay Thomas Albright and Gretchen Brion-Meisels build on the work of foundational scholars in intergenerational participatory action research (PAR) to explore the conceptualization and mobilization of various research processes. Motivated to understand the opportunities and dangers of using critical participatory approaches within neoliberal institutions like public schools, they interviewed fourteen scholars working in the field to understand their core commitments when engaging in PAR, specifically their framing of purpose, participation, and power both within their research initiatives and for the broader field. Albright and Brion-Meisels’s findings illustrate these scholars’ shared intellectual, ethical, and political commitments. Also, many of them described PAR as an ontoepistemological endeavor, recognizing that the entanglements are not simply a method, epistemology, or add-on intervention to be mobilized but a coconstitution of knowing and being—a knowing-in-being and being-in-knowing.
Experience with clindamycin and lactic acid in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Minakova Alena D. , Dzhibladze Tea A. , Zuev Vladimir M. , Khokhlova Irina D. , Ageev Mikhail B.
Published: December 2023

Background. Currently, the search for the most effective methods to treat bacterial vaginosis remains relevant because of the high recurrence rate and resistance of the associated bacteria to antimicrobial drugs, along with the potential side effects of antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of using clindamycin and lactic acid sequentially, in comparison to lactic acid monotherapy, for women with bacterial vaginosis.
Materials and methods. An open, randomized, comparative clinical study was conducted with 20 women (aged 18–45 years) who had bacterial vaginosis diagnosed according to R. Amsel criteria. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, each comprising 10 patients. Group 1 took lactic acid, whereas group 2 employed clindamycin and lactic acid. After 14 days, clinical and laboratory efficacy was assessed based on Amsel criteria.
Results. Objective and subjective symptoms such as vaginal discharge of whitish-gray color with unpleasant odor were not observed in both groups 2 weeks after the end of treatment. Positive dynamics of vaginal pH was recorded in both groups; however, a more pronounced effect was observed in women who used clindamycin and lactic acid.
Conclusions. Both sequential clindamycin and lactic acid monotherapy demonstrated high clinical efficacy and good tolerability. Posttreatment pH values did not differ significantly between the two groups; however, a greater pH deviation was observed in the clindamycin and lactic acid sequential group. Further evaluations of long-term results are necessary.
Statistical evaluation of the frequency of therapeutic and diagnostic devices used by prosthetic dentists for pathology of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Privalova Anna V. , Leshcheva Elena A.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Occlusal splints are commonly used for treating myofascial and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. The success of their application depends on the knowledge of prosthetic dentists regarding TMJ disorders, device type used, splint manufacture method, treatment duration, and other factors.
AIM: This study aimed to explore various approaches of prosthetic dentists to the diagnosis of myofascial disorders, bruxism, and TMG disorders and evaluate the methods of therapy used in clinical practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey and questionnaire was conducted among orthopedic dentists in the city of Voronezh working in private or state dental organizations, on the topic “Pathology of the temporomandibular joint and methods of therapy”. The question list consisting of 15 questions was developed for statistical evaluation of therapeutic and diagnostic constructions used by prosthetic dentists in their clinical practice in cases related to the pathology of the TMJ. During this study, specially designed questionnaires were filled out. Furthermore, the conversation with each participant was conducted for a direct analysis of orthopedic measures of TMJ disorders.
To analyze the obtained values, the criterion χ2 or Pearson’s criterion of agreement, Fisher’s exact criterion, and Kramer’s V criterion were used. The confidence interval was set to 95%.
RESULTS: Among the surveyed doctors, 78 (65.0%) had more than 15 years of experience, 27 (22.5%) had 5–15 years of experience, and 15 (12.5%) had less than 5 years of experience. When using a single-sample binomial criterion, the number of doctors working in different institutions significantly differed (p 0.001). Thus, majority of the surveyed doctors (n=102; 85%) worked in state-funded clinics and the remaining (n=18; 15%) in private clinics (p 0.001). Moreover, 25 respondents (20.8%) claimed that they do not use tires in their practice, whereas the remaining 95 (79.2%) do.
CONCLUSIONS: The participation of prosthetic dentists in this study demonstrated their high interest in “Pathology of the temporomandibular joint and methods of therapy”. The results of the survey indicate a change in the level of dentists’ knowledge with increasing professional experience. The methods of therapy used by the study participants considerably differ and often do not comply with the basic recommendations of the Dental Association of Russia.
Neurogenic heterotopic ossification: A review. Part 2
Authors: Novikov Vladimir A. , Khodorovskaya Alina M. , Umnov Valery V. , Melchenko Evgenii V. , Umnov Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Neurogenic heterotopic ossification is characterized by the formation of bone tissue in the soft tissues of the body caused by severe brain or spinal cord injury of various etiologies. In neurogenic heterotopic ossification, the hip joints are most often affected.
AIM: To analyze publications on the instrumental diagnosis, surgical and nonsurgical methods of treatment, and prevention of neurogenic heterotopic ossification of the hip joints.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the second part of our review, we analyzed the literature on modern diagnostics, surgical and conservative methods of treatment, prevention of the formation and recurrence of neurogenic heterotopic ossification of the hip joints. Data were searched in scientific literature databases, namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, CrossRef, and eLibrary, without language restrictions.
RESULTS: Modern diagnostic methods allow the screening of hip neurogenic heterotopic ossification in patients at high risk of their formation, with further verification of the diagnosis by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Despite the lack of consensus on the timing of hip neurogenic heterotopic ossification removal at present, surgical treatment is the most effective method, which allows the removal or reduction of the volume of neurogenic heterotopic ossification. Most cases require controlling the pain syndrome and improving the quality of life of the patients. Despite the common etiologic factor (damage to the central nervous system), nonsurgical methods of the prevention and treatment of patients with neurogenic heterotopic ossification of the hip joints have different effectiveness because of spinal cord injury, cerebral trauma, and cerebral palsy.
CONCLUSIONS: Randomized controlled trials will help to establish the efficacy of conservative treatment methods to prevent the formation and recurrence of hip joint neurogenic heterotopic ossification, taking into account the cause of central nervous system lesions.
Influence of the modified Dunn procedure on the spine–pelvis relationship in children with severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: Barsukov Dmitrii B. , Bortulev Pavel I. , Pozdnikin Ivan Yu. , Baskaeva Tamila V.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is one of the most severe hip joint diseases in children. It is characterized by the development of unilateral or bilateral deformity of the proximal femoral epimetaphysis of varying degrees. The pronounced deformity of the femoral component of the affected joint leads to pelvic retroversion, decreased lumbar lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis (TK), and formation of type I (hypolordotic) vertical posture according to the Roussouly classification, contributing to degenerative and dystrophic processes in the lumbosacral spine. At present, no data in the literature present the effect of surgical treatment on frontal and sagittal spine–pelvis relationships in the patients examined.
AIM:To performacomparative radiological evaluation of the sagittal spine–pelvis relationship in children with severe SCFE before and after the modified Dunn procedure.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study included 30 patients (30 hip joints) aged 14–18 years with severe SCFE characterized byaposterior epiphysis displacement of 60° and downward of no more than 10° in one of the joints and no displacement (preslip stage) in the other. All children underwent the modified Dunn procedure on one side and fixation of the epiphysis of the femoral head withacannulated screw on the other side. Before and after surgery, the patients underwent clinical and radiologic examinations. Standing radiographs were used to evaluate lumbar lordosis, TK, pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The obtained data were analyzed statistically.
RESULTS:At the examination 3–3.5 years after the abovementioned interventions,apronounced increase was noted in the mean PI value, which began to correspond to type III (harmonious) of upright posture according to the Roussouly classification.Achange was noted in the mean values of positional indices PT (decreased) and SS (increased), and pelvic retroversion disappeared. The mean global lumbar lordosis (GLL) and lumbar lordosis increased, which led toadecrease in TK and the mean value of TK. All clinical observations showedasignificant decrease in the mean global sagittal balance index (the sagittal vertical axis (SVA)) and absence of torso imbalance.
CONCLUSIONS:After performing the modified Dunn procedure on the one side and fixation of the epiphysis of the femoral head withascrew on the other side, children with severe SCFE demonstrated improvements in all the studied indices of sagittal spine–pelvis ratios. Consequently, the type of vertical posture according to the Roussouly classification changes from type I (hypolordotic) to type III (harmonious), and the probability of degenerative and dystrophic process development in the lumbosacral spine decreases.
Subduction Interface Earthquake Rise-Time Scaling Relations
Authors: Cárdenas Diego R. , Miller Matthew , Montalva Gonzalo A.
Published: December 2023

The slip duration in a fault plane, also known as the rise time (Tr), is determined in finite-fault rupture models (FFRMs) through the analysis of seismic source inversions using strong ground-motion (SGM) records and teleseismic data. For subduction interface earthquakes (megathrust), models exist that provide estimates for Tr values. The finite-source rupture model database and National Earthquake Information Center databases include FFRMs that allow for the extension of source-scaling relations. Currently, Tr versus seismic moment (M0) scaling relations specifically derived for large megathrust earthquakes in the near-source region are scarce. The relationship between stress drop and M0 is not straightforward; therefore, the logarithmic distribution of stress drop among earthquakes of different magnitudes (Mw) appears to be constant or self-similar. This self-similarity refers to a symmetry of the time-dependent fields, which remain unchanged under certain scale transformations in space and time characterized by similarity exponents and a function of the scaled variable, called the scaling function. In this study, Tr scaling has been conducted using 45 FFRMs derived from large megathrust earthquakes (Mw≥7.3) obtained from the previously mentioned databases. The scaling relation derived from the FFRMs based on SGM records closely approximates log(Tr)=const+1/3log(M0), which agrees with the self-similarity assumption for earthquake ruptures. On the other hand, the scaling relation obtained from the teleseismic dataset exhibits a smaller slope, indicating that the teleseismic data may overestimate source time characteristics compared with SGM data from seismic stations located close to the source.
Unsupervised Machine Learning Clustering of Seismic and Infrasound Data Quality Metrics
Authors: Colwell Juliann R. , Witsil Alex J. C. , Macpherson Kenneth A. , Fee David
Published: December 2023

Developing techniques for improving quality control (QC) schemes to catch seismic and infrasound data defects continues to be an area of active research. Selecting universal thresholds for the automation of data quality (DQ) checks is an efficient way to find QC issues, but these thresholds may not apply well to multiple stations with varying DQ characteristics. In addition, these thresholds may not catch subtle changes in DQ parameters that still indicate problems. Machine learning can be an alternative way of diagnosing QC issues. K-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning clustering algorithm, has been effectively used in the past for geophysical pattern exploration. This study furthers k-means applications to DQ analysis through clustering on DQ metrics derived from day-long segments of nuclear explosion monitoring data. Our k-means implementation on broadband seismometer DQ metrics separately clustered mass recenters, calibrations lasting at least one hour, and days without either. Applying this technique to infrasound DQ metrics revealed clusters related to physical issues at the stations, such as missing back volume screws and the flooding of ported pipe inlets. These are both examples of QC issues that are difficult to diagnose or detect through the thresholding of metrics or by inspecting waveforms and spectra. Our results show that k-means clustering can be a useful QC tool in exploring DQ patterns to assist analyst review of station operation and maintenance. The learned knowledge from this exploration can then inform a thresholding workflow on how to tailor to individual stations, or the k-means model could classify data directly.
Explicit vs. Implicit Grammar Teaching in EFL Classroom: A Literature Review
Authors: ŞAHİNKAYA Hasan Ali
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of explicit and implicit grammar instruction in the context of teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). The primary objective of the study is to conduct an in-depth examination of the existing body of literature pertaining to explicit and implicit grammar teaching in EFL classroom, providing valuable guidance to English language educators in their choice of the most suitable method for their students. In this manner, a multitude of articles and books have been examined, encompassing various aspects, including advantages, drawbacks, and other attributes associated with both explicit and implicit approaches to grammar instruction. The findings derived from this extensive review reveal that both explicit and implicit grammar teaching approaches yield positive outcomes and each has its own efficiency, depending on various factors.
CNN-based Occluded Person Re-identification in a Multi Camera Environment
Authors: Shahrin Ali Imran Bin , Hashim Ts Dr Noramiza Binti
Published: December 2023

In the context of rising global urban security concerns and the growing use of surveillance cameras, this study aims to enhance individual identification accuracy in occlusion scenarios using deep learning. Four CNN-based models for person re-identification are analyzed and put into practice. Additionally, comparative studies are conducted, and the model’s performance is assessed using the Market-1501 and Occluded-Reid datasets. We propose the use of ensemble learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to address occlusion issues. Our results show that the ensemble approach performs better in re-identification tasks than traditional deep learning algorithms with an improvement of 1%–2% in mAP and Rank-1 scores, respectively.
Interview with Teresa Corbin
Authors: Corbin Teresa , Morsillo Robert
Published: December 2023

Teresa Corbin’s name was synonymous for many years with consumer advocacy in Australian telecommunication in her role as CEO of Consumers’ Telecommunications Network (CTN) from 2003 and Australian Communications Consumer Action Network (ACCAN) from 2010. In November 2021 Teresa joined Telstra Corporation Ltd as their Chief Customer Advocate. Here she speaks with Robert Morsillo about her new role, its opportunities and challenges, and how she sees Australian consumers engaging with telecommunications and the digital economy.
O INSTITUTO DA RECUPERAÇÃO JUDICIAL SOB A PERSPECTIVA DO CREDOR QUIROGRAFÁRIO: INSEGURANÇAS NAS GARANTIAS E AMPARO LEGAL
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Silveira Rosa Amanda , de Paula Ferreira Moi Fernanda ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás
Published: December 2023

a atividade empresarial é a grande responsável na sociedade pela geração de empregos, movimentação da economia e manutenção, tanto da livre inciativa, quanto da livre concorrência, direitos esses de tamanha importância que foram tutelados como garantias constitucionais pela Magna Carta. Todavia, não raro e em decorrência dos mais diversos motivos, ela pode acabar desaguando em momentos de crise. Logo, o instituto da Recuperação Judicial surge como uma forma de permitir que essas empresas consigam se reestabelecer no mercado. Nesse cenário, surge a figura do credor quirografário, que pode ser conceituado como aquele que possui como única garantia para recebimento de seus créditos um termo assinado pelo devedor se comprometendo com o pagamento, situação essa que o expõe a vulnerabilidades dentro do plano recuperacional. Objetivos: através da análise de caso concreto o estudo objetiva trazer um ponto de vista pouco percebido nas interpretações gerais da Lei de Recuperação Judicial e Falências, de modo a expor a vulnerabilidade existente na situação do credor quirografário, além de analisar como as alterações trazidas pela Lei. 14.112/2020 afetam essa classe de credores. Método: para tanto, adotou-se o método analítico-indutivo de pesquisa, desenvolvido através da metodologia de estudo de caso e de revisão bibliográfica e documental. Resultados: foi possível concluir que as garantias dispostas ao credor quirografário são inconsistentes, o que se torna um empecilho para a quitação de seus débitos. Ademais, embora as alterações trazidas pela Lei 14.112/2020 indiquem uma continuação na busca pelo equilíbrio dentro da relação credor-devedor, perdeu-se uma oportunidade de se trazer mais segurança ao credor quirografário na recuperação judicial. Conclusão: sendo assim, o presente trabalho se justifica ao trazer um objeto de pesquisa pouco percebido no processo recuperacional e ao verificar a real eficácia da lei 11.101/ 2005 no que diz respeito à proteção do referido credor, de forma a perceber se há amparo legal, ou se a vulnerabilidade deste tipo de contrato se revela prejudicial aquele que se respalda na legislação para o recebimento de seus créditos.