bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of COVID-19 inactivated vaccination doses on male fertility i n assisted insemination with husband's sperm (AIH) cycle
Authors: Sun Yating , Zhang Luyun , Jia Yao , Wang Jia , Zhu Aizhen
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inactivated vaccination doses on male fertility.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 595 assisted insemination with husband's sperm (AIH) cycles involving 438 couples. Participants were categorized into three groups: the unvaccinated group, the 1 or 2 doses group, and the 3 doses group based on their vaccination status before insemination. Reproductive outcomes such as biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth were assessed across the different groups.
Results
The analysis revealed no significant differences in reproductive outcomes among the three groups. The rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth were comparable among the unvaccinated group, the 1 or 2 doses group, and the 3 doses group (P = 0.433, P = 0.637, P = 0.583, and P = 0.539, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the doses of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine did not independently impact the reproductive outcomes of AIH cycles.
Conclusion
The administration of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine doses did not adversely affect male fertility in AIH cycles.
Nomogram for predicting the probability of rectal anastomotic re-leakage after diverting stoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Yuegang , Hu Gang , Zhang Jinzhu , Qiu Wenlong , Mei Shiwen , Wang Xishan , Tang Jianqiang
Published: April 2024

Background: In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors in patients with rectal anastomotic re-leakage and develop a prediction model to predict the probability of rectal anastomotic re-leakage after diverting stoma.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of a prospective database. Among 3225 patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery, 129 who experienced anastomotic leakage following stoma closure were enrolled. Risk factors for rectal anastomotic re-leakage were analyzed, and a prediction model was established for rectal anastomotic re-leakage.
Results: Anastomotic re-leakage after stoma closure developed in 13.2% (17/129) of patients. Multivariable analysis revealed that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (odds ratio, 4.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–14.21; p = 0.03), blood loss >50 ml (odds ratio, 4.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–15.63; p = 0.02), and intersphincteric resection (intersphincteric resection vs. low anterior resection: odds ratio, 6.85; 95% confidence interval, 2.01–23.36; p = 0.002) were independent risk factors for anastomotic re-leakage. A nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of anastomotic re-leakage, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.828 in the cohort. Predictive results correlated with the actual results according to the calibration curve.
Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, blood loss >50 ml, and intersphincteric resection are independent risk factors for anastomotic re-leakage following stoma closure. The nomogram can help surgeons identify patients at a higher risk of rectal anastomotic re-leakage.
Preparation of new nanofiber conducting scaffold-based polyaniline and polypyrrole grafted on chitosan with antibacterial properties
Authors: Hosseini Sama Sadat , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Rasoulinasab M. , Dehghani S. A
Published: April 2024

We intend to produce a new conducting scaffold based on conducting polymers. First, aniline and pyrrole as monomers were grown on activated chitosan (Cs) by interfacial polymerization, and polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) nanofibers (NF) were formed on chitosan, Poly (Cs-g-PANI-g-PPy). Then, new conducting scaffold Cs-g-PANI-g-PPy nanofiber using a solution of phytic acid was prepared. This scaffold was characterized using FT-IR and UV-Visible. Its surface morphology was studied by FTSEM imaging. Its electrical conductivity and percentage of grafting were measured by the four-point method and the corresponding equations, respectively. This composite biopolymer has many good antibacterial properties. These properties were investigated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia as gram-negative and Staphylococcus aureus as gram-positive as a common bacterium in skin and bone by two methods, disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Cs-g-PANI-g-PPy nanofiber scaffold in concentrations of about 50 µg had a significant antimicrobial effect against all tested bacteria. The results show the higher antimicrobial activity of polymer against the gram-negative rather than gram-positive bacteria.
Benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators of water quality in aquaculture in Lake Guamuez, Nariño, Colombia.
Authors: Legarda Edgar Andrés González , Duque Guillermo , Cogua Pilar
Published: April 2024

Global aquaculture continues to grow, displacing capture fishing, a behavior that is reflected in Colombia through the cultivation of species such as red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), generating good quality protein for human consumption. However, production generates environmental impacts on water and lake ecosystems. This study determined water contamination in three rainbow trout farming companies in floating cages in the upper, middle and lower part of the RAMSAR Lago Guamuez wetland. Sampling was carried out in high and low rainfall, in six areas (three companies and three control points). Benthic macroinvertebrates were taxonomically identified, being used as bioindicators, calculating biological diversity indices such as Shannon diversity, Pielou evenness, Berger-Parker dominance and Margalef richness. In cultivation areas A, B and C, species tolerant to a certain degree of contamination such as Chironomidae, Thiaridae, Ampullariidae and Planaridae were found, while in control points A1, B1 and C1, species such as Libellulidae, hydrobiosidae and Hydrachnidae were found, which are less tolerant, indicating better water quality. The indices showed that there is an environmental impact caused by the productions, however, the presence-absence of species tolerant to a certain degree of pollution may be due to aquaculture productions and other anthropogenic activities such as tourism, wastewater, agricultural crops and oil spills. fuel of. Although it is true that the Lake is classified as oligotrophic, alarms must be raised to allow for its good management and preservation.
Title: Evaluating Nasobiliary and Stent Drainage in Acute Cholecystitis and Cholangitis: Insights from a National Inpatient Survey
Authors: Poudel Ayusha , Adhikari Anurag , Poudel Aayush , Montminy Eric
Published: April 2024

Background:
Acute cholecystitis is typically managed with cholecystectomy. However, in patients with underlying co-morbidities who are not suitable for surgery, drainage procedures are recommended. Traditionally, these procedures have been performed percutaneously, but endoscopic techniques have gained popularity in recent years due to their physiological approach and lower complication rates.
Aims:
This study aims to compare endoscopic modalities of drainage (nasobiliary and internal drainage with stenting) in patients with acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis. We also compared percutaneous drainage with endoscopic retrograde drainage procedures.
Methods:
We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2020) to compare outcomes of acute cholecystitis and cholangitis patients undergoing endoscopic nasobiliary drainage and stent placement. Differences in outcomes between percutaneous and various endoscopic drainages were highlighted. Statistical significance was assessed using χ² and t-tests for categorical and continuous data respectively, with P<0.05 considered significant. Multivariate analyses were performed to assess study outcomes and adverse events for each procedure.
Results:
Patients subjected to nasobiliary drainage exhibited a higher mean age compared to those undergoing internal drainage (68.56 +/- 1.84 years vs 64.62 +/- 0.39 years, p-value < 0.05). Both groups shared similar demographic parameters and comorbidities. Internal drainage with stenting correlated with elevated incidences of acute pancreatitis (14.68% vs 13.04%, p-value <0.05) and intestinal perforation (4.24% vs 2.17%, p-value <0.05) compared to nasobiliary drainage. Conversely, nasobiliary drainage was associated with increased occurrences of bleeding (2.17% vs 0.98%, p-value < 0.05) and ileus (10.87% vs 5.22%, p-value < 0.05). Additionally, internal drainage with stenting exhibited a higher rate of subsequent cholecystectomy compared to nasobiliary drainage (3.20% vs 2.17%, p-value < 0.05).
Percutaneous drainage predominated among older individuals (70.36 +/- 0.16 years vs 64.15 +/-0.35, p-value < 0.05). The adjusted odds ratio for mortality for percutaneous drainage versus endoscopic drainage was (5.15 +/- 0.88 vs 0.2 +/- 0.03, p-value < 0.05). Those undergoing endoscopic drainage demonstrated a substantially higher rate of subsequent cholecystectomy (26.50% vs 0.24%, p-value < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Patients undergoing nasobiliary or internal drainage with stent shared similar demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Internal drainage with stenting correlated with a heightened risk of acute pancreatitis and intestinal perforation, whereas bleeding and ileus were more prevalent with nasobiliary drainage. Moreover, internal drainage with stent was associated with a higher incidence of subsequent cholecystectomy.
Pilot Clinical Trial on Supportive Rehabilitation Care in Neonatal Intensive Unit. Influence of Ambient Noise on Premature Infants
Authors: Rita Chiaramonte , Matteo Cioni , Giorgia Fiorenza , Patrizia Finocchiaro , Annunziata Conversano Maria , Loretta Mattia Carmine , MariaCarmela Caracciolo , Chiara Di Marco , Venerando Rapisarda , Maria Betta Pasqua , Michele Vecchio
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To investigate noise’s impact on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to advance a trial on kangaroo and music therapy, considering noise as potential confounding factor.
Methods
Noise levels were monitored for 30 days, comparing 17 newborns in a noisy environment to 8 in a silent one. Measurements included weight, heart rate, saturation, Parenting Stress Index, General Movement Score (GM), and Hammersmith Neonatal Neurologic Examination (HNNE).
Results
Significant differences in noise levels were observed between a) silent and common room (p = 0.0006), b) silent or common room and cribs within (p < 0.0001), c) cribs in silent and common room (p < 0.0001). After 30 days, in both rooms, infants showed a significant increase in weight (p = 0.0120, p = 0.0296), heart rate (p = 0.0004, p = 0.0155), GM (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0003), and HNNE (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0014).
Conclusion
Despite significant associations between noise and the described changes, these alignments were consistent with expected growth variations. However, precautionary measures will be implemented during supportive care.
Development of a noninvasive olfactory stimulation fMRI system in marmosets
Authors: Yurimoto Terumi , Seki Fumiko , Yamada Akihiro , Okajima Junnosuke , Yambe Tomoyuki , Takewa Yoshiaki , Kamioka Michiko , Inoue Takashi , Inoue Yusuke , Sasaki Erika
Published: April 2024

Olfactory dysfunction is associated with aging and the earliest stages of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases; it is thought to be an early biomarker of cognitive decline. In marmosets, a small non-human primate model used in brain research, olfactory pathway activity during olfactory stimulation has not been well studied because of the difficulty in clearly switching olfactory stimuli inside a narrow MRI. Here, we developed an olfactory-stimulated fMRI system using a small-aperture MRI machine.
The olfactory presentation system consisted of two tubes, one for supply and one for suction of olfactory stimulants and a balloon valve. A balloon valve installed in the air supply tube controlled the presentation of the olfactory stimulant, which enabled sharp olfactory stimulation within MRI, such as 30 seconds of stimulation repeated five times at five-minute intervals. The olfactory stimulation system was validated in vivo and in a simulated system. fMRI analysis showed a rapid increase in signal values within 30 s of olfactory stimulation in eight regions related to the sense of smell. As these regions include those associated with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, olfactory stimulation fMRI may be useful in clarifying the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and dementia in non-human primates.
Analysis of optical coherence tomography biomarker probability detection in central serous chorioretinopathy by using an artificial intelligence-based biomarker detector
Authors: Desideri Lorenzo Ferro , Anguita Rodrigo , Berger Lieselotte E , Feenstra Helena M A , Scandella Davide , Sznitman Raphael , Boon Camiel , Dijk Elon Van , Zinkernagel Martin S
Published: April 2024

Aim: To adopt a novel artificial intelligence (AI) optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based program to identify the presence of biomarkers associated with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and whether these can differentiate between acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (aCSC and cCSC).
Methods: Multicenter, observational study with a retrospective design enrolling treatment-naïve patients with aCSC and cCSC. The diagnosis of aCSC and cCSC was established with multimodal imaging and for the current study subsequent follow-up visits were also considered. Baseline OCTs were analyzed by an AI-based platform (Discovery® OCT Fluid and Biomarker Detector, RetinAI AG, Switzerland). This software allows to detect several different biomarkers in each single OCT scan, including subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid (IRF), hyperreflective foci (HF) and flat irregular pigment epithelium detachment (FIPED). The presence of SRF was considered as a necessary inclusion criterion for performing biomarker analysis and OCT slabs without SRF presence were excluded from the analysis.
Results: Overall, 160 eyes of 144 patients with CSC were enrolled, out of which 100 (62.5%) eyes were diagnosed with cCSC and 60 eyes (34.5%) with aCSC. In the OCT slabs showing presence of SRF the presence of biomarkers was found to be clinically relevant (> 50%) for HF and FIPED in aCSC and cCSC. HF had an average percentage of 81% (± 20) in the cCSC group and 81% (± 15) in the aCSC group (p=0.4295) and FIPED had a mean percentage of 88% (± 18) in cCSC vs 89% (± 15) in the aCSC (p=0.3197).
Conclusion: We demonstrate that HF and FIPED are OCT biomarkers positively associated with CSC when present at baseline. While both HF and FIPED biomarkers could aid in CSC diagnosis, they could not distinguish between aCSC and cCSC at the first visit. AI-assisted biomarker detection shows promise for reducing invasive imaging needs, but further validation through longitudinal studies is needed.
Quantifying tumor morphological complexity based on pretreatment MRI fractal analysis for predicting pathologic complete response and survival in breast cancer: a retrospective, multicenter study
Authors: Huang Yao , Cao Ying , Chen Huifang , Lan Xiaosong , Tang Sun , Zhang Zhitao , Yin Ting , Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Jiuquan
Published: April 2024

Background: The tumor morphological complexity is closely associated with treatment response and prognosis in patients with breast cancer. However, conveniently quantifiable tumor morphological complexity methods are currently lacking.
Methods: Women with breast cancer who underwent NAC and pretreatment MRI were retrospectively enrolled at four centers from May 2010 to April 2023. MRI-based fractal analysis was used to calculate fractal dimensions (FDs), quantifying tumor morphological complexity. Features associated with pCR were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis, upon which a nomogram model was developed, and assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and develop nomogram models.
Results: A total of 1109 patients (median age, 49 years [IQR, 43-54 years]) were enrolled; 435, 351, and 323 patients were recruited in the training, external validation cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. HR status (odds ratio [OR], 0.234 [0.135, 0.406]; P< 0.001), HER2 status (OR, 3.320 [1.923, 5.729]; P < 0.001), and Global FD (OR, 0.352 [0.261, 0.480]; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of pCR. The nomogram model for predicting pCR achieved AUCs of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.86) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.79) in the external validation cohorts. The nomogram model, which integrated global FD and clinicopathological variables can stratify prognosis into low-risk and high-risk groups (log-rank test, DFS: P = 0.04; OS: P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Global FD can quantify tumor morphological complexity and the model that combines global FD and clinicopathological variables showed good performance in predicting pCR to NAC and survival in patients with breast cancer.
Effectiveness Analysis of Clinical Pharmacists-Led Medication Therapy of Refined Management Mode:Antibiotics Administration
Authors: Li Yue , Liu Yue , Zhu Riran , Ju Jianfeng , Wang Ying , Huang Chao , Ma Chuanjiang , Wang Jingyi , Guo Li , Chu Zhijie , Zan Xiaoling , Feng Haixia , Liu xiaoqian , Liu Qun
Published: April 2024

Objective: The effectiveness of clinical pharmacists was explored in regulating the application of antibiotics, promoting rational drug use and reducing antibiotics use density (AUD) by the refined management strategy of antibiotics.
Methods: We compared and analyzed the improvement of related indexes of antibiotics and the unreasonable application of antibiotics before and after the implementation of the program,with the help of the refined management mode
Results: From 2018 to 2021, the clinical indicators of antibiotics use at our hospital showed an overall downward trend. The utilization rate of antibiotics and the AUD in inpatients gradually decreased by 12.88% and 22.44% respectively, and the rate of microbial examination increased by 39.81%. Compared the changes in indicators, it was found that the cost of antibiotics decreased significantly. PDCA was used to improve rationality of antibiotics prophylactic use in orthopedic cases. In the evaluation of rational drug use, there was a decrease in the irrational application of antibiotics and in the proportion of preventive drug use in class I incision surgery.
Conclusion: The participation of clinical pharmacists in the refined management of antibiotics can reduce AUD and the drug costs of patients, and promote the rational application of antibiotics simultaneously.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for motoric cognitive risk syndrome in older adults
Authors: Li Ya-Qin , Huang Yu-Ting , Wei Fang-xin , Li Tan-Jian , Wang Yu
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a risk prediction model for motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) in older adults.
Methods: Participants were selected from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database and randomly assigned to the training group and the validation group, with proportions of 70% and 30%, respectively. LASSO regression analysis was used to screen the predictors. Then, identified predictors were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis and used to construct model nomogram. The performance of the model was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: 528 out of 3962 participants (13.3%) developed MCR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that weakness, chronic pain, limb dysfunction score, visual acuity score and Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test were predictors of MCR in older adults. Using these factors, a nomogram model was constructed. The AUC values for the training and validation sets of the predictive model were 0.735 (95% CI= 0.708-0.763) and 0.745 (95% CI= 0.705-0.785), respectively.
Conclusion: The nomogram constructed in this study is a useful tool for assessing the risk of MCR in older adults, which can help clinicians identify individuals at high risk.
A ventriculoperitoneal shunt induced chorea: A case report and review of the literature of movement disorders associated with shunt
Authors: Nayak Naren , Naikwade Nitin , Mahamuni Ashvini
Published: April 2024

Background:
Hemi-chorea following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a patient with hydrocephalus is rare. This complication is often misdiagnosed, which delays treatment. Here we present a rare case of hemichorea following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and the literature on movement disorders associated with the CSF shunt.
Case presentation:
A 1.5-year-old male child B/B parents with chief complaints of multiple episodes of emesis and lethargy. Non-contrast CT is suggestive of hydrocephalus. The patient underwent a cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedure; a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed through a right occipital approach. After the procedure, he developed brief, abrupt, irregular, unpredictable, non-stereotyped choreo-athetotic movements of the left upper and lower limbs. These movements cause problems with feeding. Post operative-MRI scan of the brain showed the tip of the shunt abutted the medial aspect of the thalamus and caudate nucleus and diffuse foci of micro infracts involving the left caudate and putamen, as well as the right internal capsule and putamen, and the brain stem. Symptoms showed a good response to tablet aspirin.
Conclusion:
We report that hemichorea is an uncommon complication of ventriculo-peritonieal shunt.
placement. Neurosurgeons should know the early warning signs for focal deficits, including unilateral movement disorders, in patients with CSF diversion procedures, and postoperative MRIs also help in diagnosing the cause of movement disorders.
PER1 enhances vascular normalization in hepatocellular carcinoma facilitating HIF-1α nuclear translocation
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Fan Xingxing , Zhou Qing , Yi Chun , Feng Ting , Hu Yuxing , Mei Si , Tao Yiming , Tian Xuefei
Published: April 2024

Background: Blood vessels play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of the circadian clock gene, period 1 (PER1), is closely associated with HCC tumorigenesis. However, it remains unknown whether PER1 regulate the angiogenesis in HCC.
Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas data was utilized for bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the potential clinical significance of PER1. Western Blot (WB) was employed to detect expression of PER1 in tumors and adjacent tissues. Subcutaneous xenograft models were used to investigate the biological function of PER1. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical analysis, WB, RT-qPCR, and co-immunoprecipitation techniques were employed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PER1.
Results: The expression of PER1 was significantly downregulated and exhibited a positive correlation with favorable clinicopathological characteristics in HCC patients. Overexpression of PER1 led to decreased cell proliferation and contributed to the maintenance of vascular normalization in nude mice. Conversely, silencing of PER1 resulted in the opposite effect. Mechanistically, PER1 orchestrated the balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors by binding to HIF-1α, thereby promoting malignant tumor progression.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the PER1/HIF-1α signaling axis plays a critical role in promoting vascular normalization in HCC by effectively balancing proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors.
Estimating Financial Flood Damages in Residential and Commercial Regions: A Global Depth-Damage Approach
Authors: Azizian Asghar , Koohi Sakine , Najafi Mohammad Saeid , Arrighi Chiara
Published: April 2024

The increasing frequency of floods in recent decades has highlighted the pressing need for effective flood management to mitigate damages. Precisely identifying flood-prone areas and quantifying flood damage is of utmost importance, especially in developing countries. In the current study, a 2D hydraulic modeling approach using HEC-RAS is adopted to simulate flood characteristics and flooded area. This research centered around 2 objectives: (1) the development of a regional model for estimating flood damage in residential and commercial zones; (2) the assessment of global depth-damage functions in a western region of Iran. The findings indicated a strong correlation (correlation coefﬁcient > 0.81) between modeled and observed damage losses in residential, commercial and agricultural areas. In situations where observational data were lacking, the Asia and Global depth-damage curves proved to be valuable tools for estimating flood damages in these areas. Furthermore, the evaluation of methods for converting relative damage into monetary value demonstrated that incorporating spatial variations in building size significantly reduced the error in damage estimation caused by floods, by approximately 77%. Although, the use of the reconstruction/renovation cost coefficient tended to underestimate damages in areas with depths exceeding one meter, it showed acceptable performance in estimating flood damages for depths below one meter (absolute relative error = 7.1%). In summary, the Asia and Global depth-damage curves can serve as suitable functions for estimating economic losses in floods, especially in data-limited areas or regions lacking standardized damage functions like Iran. This can provide more reliable estimates of flood damages and aid in better flood management strategies, thereby contributing to improved disaster preparedness and response.
Prophylactic Intervention for Relapse after Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Improve the Survival of adult patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome based on IPSS-M stratification
Authors: Song Xianmin , Huixian Wu , Shuang Li , Yang Jun , Cai Yu , Qiu Huiying , Huang Chongmei , Tong Yin , Zhou Kun , Niu Jiahua , Xia Xinxin , Zhang Ying , Xiaowei Xu , Shen Chang , Baoxia Dong , Wan Liping
Published: April 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation represents a curative modality for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), yet relapse risk persists. The prognostic performances of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) and the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) for 129 MDS patients undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) were evaluated. Using IPSS-M, 29.5% of patients were reclassified to a higher risk and 14.0% to a lower risk compared to IPSS-R. The two-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) post-transplant were similar across IPSS-R groups, but significantly lower in the very-high risk category with IPSS-M (P=0.005 for RFS; P=0.014 for OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that patient age (P=0.008), very-high risk in IPSS-M (P=0.002), Karnofsky Performance Status score (P=0.003), and Grade 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (P=0.014) were independent factors for OS and RFS. Only very-high risk category in IPSS-M was the independent factor affecting cumulative incidence of relapse (P=0.003). Prophylactic interventions for relapse significantly decreased the risk of relapse (P=0.003) and increased the survival of patients in the very-high risk category (P=0.002 for OS, P=0.006 for RFS). The study suggested that the IPSS-M system could identify the high relapse risk patients post-transplant who may benefit from early prophylactic interventions.
Combining computer vision with the convolutional neural network to quantitatively analyse of the astaxanthin isomers in Antarctic krill meal
Authors: Zhang Quantong , Zheng Yao , Yang Liu , Zhang Shuaishuai , Guo Quanyou
Published: April 2024

In this study, computer vision and deep learning was combined to develop a rapid method for quantifying the astaxanthin isomer content in krill meal. A total of 310 Antarctic krill meal samples were collected and their astaxanthin isomer content was determined as observed values using high-performance liquid chromatography. A computer vision system was then used to acquire images of the krill meal samples, which were subsequently preprocessed and fed into a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to establish a predictive model; its performance was compared with that of a feature-based artificial neural networks model. The results showed that the 13-cistrine (13-Cis) astaxanthin, all-trans astaxanthin, and 9-cistrine (9-Cis) astaxanthin content were distributed in the range of 0–2.05 mg/kg, 0.09–62.97 mg/kg, and 0–7.58 mg/kg, respectively. For the test set, CNN achieved an R2 of 0.96 in predicting all-trans astaxanthin and an R2 of 0.88 for 9-Cis astaxanthin. In out-of-sample validation, the CNN achieved mean relative errors of 5.20% and 11.35% for all-trans and 9-Cis astaxanthin, respectively. In conclusion, computer vision combined with CNN offers an efficient, precise, and non-destructive technique for quantitatively analysing astaxanthin isomers in krill meal.
In vitro Neutralization Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG Against Delta and Omicron Variants of COVID-19 Virus Using Vero E6 Cells
Authors: Purwati Purwati , Ertanti Nora , Karsari Deya , Dinaryanti Aristika , Hendrianto Eryk , Ihsan Igo Syaiful , Ardiana Asa , Nurdiyati Nanis , Wahyuni Afrinda Dwi , Permanasari Adita Ayu , Nurwito Bagus Satrio , Shimizu Kazufumi , Nastri Aldise Mareta , Lusida Maria Inge , Miatmoko Andang
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG (Immunoglobulin G) isolated from post inactive patients as passive immunization candidates.
Patients and methods:
Toxicity testing and virus neutralization parameters. IgG doses of 20, 40, and 60 µg/mL were tested for 3 and 6 days using CPE analysis, viral load, and immunocytochemistry.
Results
Following a 3-days incubation period, the Delta and Omicron variants caused similar levels of damage at 10–20%. However, after 6 days, the CPE (Cytopathic Effect) scoring of the Delta and Omicron variants increased by 70–80% and 50–60%, respectively. The optimal dose for viral neutralization was found to be 40 µg/mL, as it could spread evenly on the actin filament cells, envelop the cells appropriately, and inhibit the virus binding process. The dose was able to reduce virus copy load by up to 26% and 9.63% in the Delta and Omicron variants.
Conclusion
Based on the viral neutralization parameters (Cytopathic Effect, SARS-CoV-2 viral copy load, and immunocytochemistry) showing that the replication process and virulence of the Delta variant were more severe in comparison to the Omicron variant.
International Migration and Age at Marriage of Male Workers: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Das Narayan , Mozumder Tanvir Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Background:A substantial amount of literature shows that marriage is welfare increasing. Hence, international migration can affect welfare of migrants through their age at marriage. There is however limited evidence on the effect of the international migration of unskilled workers on their age at marriage.
Methods:Since migration is endogenously determined, I use the migration network as an instrument for migration. Migration and marriage can be joint events; hence, I estimate reduced form regressions instead of two-stage OLS.
Results:This paper estimates the effect of international migration of male workers on their age at marriage. Further I examine the effect of male migration on age at marriage of women. Results show that the migration of male workers decreases the probability of being married, suggesting that international migration increases age at marriage. Further, I find that male migration decreases the probability of being married of females. Results also show that male migration is likely to decrease early marriage among girls, a striking result because the rate of early marriage among girls is very high in Bangladesh.
Conclusions:There is only one paper that estimates the effect of international migration of low skilled workers on their age at marriage but that study uses a sample of G2G migrants. Our study address this data limitation and estimate the effect using data on migrants that emigrated through various channel. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge our paper is the first to examine the effect of male migration on age at marriage of females.
Functional Domain Mutations in FAT4 Cadherin 21-34 Predicts Improved Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Shu , Duan Weiming , Zhao Yan , Zhao Feilong , Ma Yuxuan , Wang Yuhao , Wang Haoyuan , Peng Chaosheng , Yang Jianjun
Published: April 2024

Background: Gastric cancer is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Survival improvement relies on the identification of novel prognostic factors and the implementation of stratified precision therapy. FAT4, a crucial tumor suppressor gene, has been shown to be mutated in various tumor types. However, our understanding of the association between FAT4 mutations and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer is limited.
Methods: In this study, the impact of the FAT4 gene on prognosis was investigated using data from the TCGA database. NGS was performed on real-world gastric adenocarcinoma patients receiving different types of treatment. The conclusions from the public database were further validated. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to ascertain the prognostic significance of the FAT4 gene in the real-world cohort. Lollipop plots were generated to analyze the mutation sites in the FAT4 gene in the two cohorts, and survival disparities among distinct mutation sites were assessed using Kaplan‒Meier curves. Moreover, GSEA and immune infiltration analysis, based on the XCELL and CIBERSORT databases, were applied to explore the associations between different FAT4 mutation sites and immune infiltration.
Results: The mutational profile of FAT4 has been shown to be associated with increased survival and has been further validated by real-world next-generation sequencing (NGS) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Specifically, mutations in the FAT4 cadherin 21-34 site were linked to even greater survival benefits than were mutations in cadherin 1-20 or wild-type FAT4. Patients with cadherin 21-34 mutations showed increased infiltration of immune cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as M1 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), suggesting a potential connection between FAT4 mutations and enhanced immune infiltration.
Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of the FAT4 gene in predicting gastric cancer prognosis. Further research is needed to explore its comprehensive genetic landscape and impact on patient outcomes. These findings have implications for clinical practice, informing treatment decisions based on FAT4 gene mutations.
Trace mineral source influences trace mineral solubility in water and mineral binding strength to ruminal digesta
Authors: Loh Huey Yi , Spears Jerry W. , Guimaraes Octavio , Miller Alexandra C. , Thorndyke Meghan P. , Thomas Tyler A. , Engle Terry E.
Published: April 2024

Two experiments were conducted to examine the impact of trace mineral (TM) source on in vitro and in vivo solubility characteristics. Experiment 1: Hydroxy TM (HTM) and sulfate TM (STM) sources of Cu, Mn, and Zn were incubated separately in water for 24 h. Immediately after mixing, initial pH of each solution was greater (P < 0.03) for HTM compared to STM for all elements. Final pH tended to be greater for Cu (P = 0.09) and Zn (P = 0.07) from HTM compared to STM. Water solubility of Cu, Mn, and Zn from STM was greater (P < 0.01) than HTM sources. Experiment 2: Eight steers fitted with rumen cannula were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments consisted of 10 mg Cu, 40 mg Mn, and 60 mg Zn/kg DM from either STM or HTM sources. Steers were individually fed a cracked corn-corn silage-based diet. Treatments were top-dressed daily. Rumen contents were collected at 0, 2, and 4 h post-feeding on d 1 and 14. On d 15, strained ruminal fluid and particle-associated microorganisms were obtained. Zinc was more tightly bound (P = 0.01) to the digesta in HTM-supplemented steers compared to STM on d 14. These data indicate that TM source influences pH and solubility of Cu, Mn, and Zn in water and may affect rumen soluble Cu concentrations and binding strength of Zn to solid digesta.
Perception, benefits and barriers to community pharmacy vaccination services in Nigeria; a cross-sectional study of two south-western states
Authors: Oseni Yejide Olukemi , Okafor Ukamaka Gladys , Odukoya Taofik Oladipupo , Oluyedun Hamidu Adediran , Ajibade Abiodun Abdulah , Azeez Yusuff Olanrewaju , Okonu Abigail Isaac , Adetunji Oladapo Adewale
Published: April 2024

Perception, benefits and barriers to community pharmacy vaccination services in Nigeria; a cross-sectional study of two south-western states
Background:
The pharmacy association in Nigeria is working assiduously to ensure that community pharmacists and pharmacies are included in national database as vaccinators and vaccination centres for routine immunisation but no study had assessed community pharmacists’ opinions on the expanded scope to their practice. This study assesses the perception of community pharmacists, perceived benefits and potential barriers to these services to determine their readiness.
Methods:
Semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale was distributed to 474 selected community pharmacists through hard copies and Google forms in Year 2023, to assess their perception, perceived benefits and potential barriers to community pharmacy vaccination services. Data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics where p-value was set at <0.05.
Results:
Respondents agreed that community pharmacies should be involved in administration of vaccines (98.8%), their inclusion into the national data as vaccinator is a welcomed development (98.5%), and community pharmacists should be given the authority to administer vaccines (96.6%). Total mean score of 27.93 (SD +2.768) from a total score of 30 was obtained. Respondent further agreed and strongly agreed that this will improve vaccination coverage (99.5%), increase accessibility to vaccines (99.3%), improve the provision of pharmaceutical care service and rational use of medicines (98.5%), among others with total mean score of 51.12 (SD + 4.281) from a total score of 55. Lack of authorization by the government and existing policy not in support of the service was the highest potential barrier (85.6%) with total mean score of 39.96 (SD + 7.325) from a total score of 55. In overall, perceived benefits and perception are strongly and positively correlated (r=0.645, p<0.001) and there was a significant difference between the two (t410 =143.669, p<0.001).
Conclusion:
The study concluded that most of the respondents had positive perception about community pharmacies vaccination services and using community pharmacies and pharmacists as vaccination centres and vaccinators respectively will improve vaccination coverage. Despite potential barriers noted which could be overcome by the community pharmacists themselves, lack of government authorisation needs to be handled at policy making level.
Acceptability and effectiveness of stationary bike intervention on health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review of intervention studies
Authors: Akter Taiyeba , Moneruzzaman Md. , Maduray Kellina , Kader Manzur
Published: April 2024

Background: A systematic search was conducted across seven databases - PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus, CINAHL, and PsychInfo - following PRISMA guidelines until June 18, 2023, with no year limitations. After excluding duplicates, studies were screened by two independent reviewers in a two-stage process. This review included all original intervention studies with baseline and post-intervention outcomes involving SB as a health assessment tool, and/or a part of an intervention method among people aged 60 years or over.
Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, seven databases were searched until June 18, 2023, without year limitations. After removing duplicates, two reviewers independently screened studies in two stages. This review included original intervention studies with baseline and post-intervention outcomes involving SB as a health assessment tool or intervention method among individuals aged 60 years, or older.
Results: Out of 8,022 citations, 47 English-language articles were included: 28 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and 19 (40.43%) Non-RCTs, including Pretest-posttest and Quasi-Experimental studies. The most common focus points of the included studies were Cognitive function, Motor and Balance, Physiological and Psychological changes, Cardiovascular, and Executive function. The most common study populations had neurological problems (15/47, 31.91% studies). Among the 47 included studies, the highest participants' acceptance rate was 38% (18/47 studies), while the retention rate was 15% (07/47 studies), the adherence rate was 6% (3/47 studies), and the lowest dropout rate was 13% (06/47 studies). Significant health outcomes after SBI included aerobic capacity (VO2 max), cognition, executive function, cycling efficiency, quality of life (QOL), and mobility (Timed up and Go test), mentioned in at least 5 studies. Virtual reality (VR)-assisted SBI showed better improvement in executive function compared to non-VR groups.
Conclusion: This review reveals varying rates of acceptability, retention, adherence, and dropout in SBI, highlighting challenges in participant engagement. However, despite these challenges, SBI shows promise in enhancing physical activity among seniors, with potential benefits across various health domains. Particularly noteworthy is the effectiveness of VR-assisted SBI in improving executive function among older adults, suggesting promising avenues for intervention. These results stress the significance of incorporating SBI into health interventions for older adults.
Cyclic Behavior of Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Column with New Reinforced Circular Cross-Section
Authors: Faramarzzadeh Vahid , Ferdousi Adel , Zandi Yousf
Published: April 2024

The concrete-filled double tubular steel column (CFDST) is a composite column that shows remarkable potential for the construction of tall buildings and bridge piers. When this type of column is exposed to external forces such as collisions with ships or cargo vehicles, explosions or fires, it loses strength. The outer steel tube of the column is affected, resulting in the loss of the concrete inclusion between the two layers of steel. As a consequence, a significant drop in column strength becomes evident. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cyclic loading on CFDST columns with a new reinforced circular cross-section, which have a constant number of stiffeners and stirrups over the entire column. Two specimens were subjected to constant axial compression and lateral cyclic loading to compare the behavior of a proposed reinforced cross-section (new reinforced cross-section) with that of a simple cross-section. The data from the test was used to validate a finite element analysis (FEA). Subsequently, the validated numerical models were used to evaluate the effects of various parameters, including the thickness of the pipes and the compressive strength of the concrete, on both cross-sections. In summary, the results show a significant improvement in the cyclic behavior of the column with a reinforced cross-section compared to a simple cross-section. The recommended reinforced cross-section thus prevents a sudden drop in column strength after the outer steel tube has been damaged.
Spotting A Phony Attack by Concealing the Deception of The Web
Authors: Rao M Venkateswara , Naik Anjaiah Harshitha , Vineetha Budida , Priya Chiliveru Vishnu
Published: April 2024

In the current digital environment, phishing assaults pose a serious risk since malevolent actors are always coming up with new strategies to trick people. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are examples of cutting-edge technology that can be used to identify fake URLs and evaluate web content in order to combat this. Sentiment analysis tools are useful for detecting fraudulent reviews and unethical behavior. Blockchain technology can be used to confirm the legitimacy of products and stop the sale of fake items. The fraud payment can be predicted using logistic regression and random forest. Smooth front-end and back-end system integration facilitates real-time monitoring and analysis, allowing for prompt detection and handling of fraudulent assaults within a single web page. We can more effectively identify and counteract false assaults by leveraging cutting-edge technology, blockchain, and sentiment analysis on the internet, eventually safeguarding users and promoting a safer digital ecosystem.
A case of paroxetine-induced lower gastrointestinal bleeding: A multifaceted approach to healing
Authors: Jasassi Bushra Hamed Al , Shuhoumi Mohammed Abdullah Al
Published: April 2024

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a mainstay treatment for panic disorder, however a potential link to lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB), particularly with Paroxetine, is unknown. We present a rare case of LGIB possibly caused by Paroxetine in a 35-year-old female with panic disorder. LGIB resolved after SSRI cessation, implying a possible causative relationship. We conducted a thorough clinical evaluation, including medical history, medication review, and endoscopic investigations. The patient complained of hematochezia, dizziness, and shortness of breath, which coincided with the start of Paroxetine for panic disorder. A colonoscopy indicated non-specific colitis, while an upper GI endoscopy revealed no abnormalities. LGIB resolved within a week of discontinuing Paroxetine, with no recurrence during following follow-up. This example adds to the little evidence pointing to a possible link between Paroxetine and LGIB in panic disorder. More research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms and confirm causality. While initially mysterious, this case eventually revealed the complicated connection between mental health, medicine, and physical manifestations. It emphasized the significance of alertness in monitoring potential side effects, the efficacy of alternative therapies such as CBT, and the importance of patient awareness in managing complex medical problems.