bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КУЛЬТУРНИЙ ПРОСТІР КРАЇНИ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ НАУКОВОГО ПОШУКУ: до результатів проведення ХVІ міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Україна першого двадцятиліття ХХІ століття: культурно-мистецький вимір»
Authors: Виткалов Володимир , Виткалов Cергій
Published: December 2020

Аналізується тематичний зміст міжнародних науково-практичних конференцій культурно-мистецької проблематики, проведених на базі кафедри культурології і музеєзнавства РДГУ; акцентується увага на тенденціях наукового пошуку, помітних у результаті проведення цих заходів та змісті матеріалів статей, надісланих до редколегій наукових збірників. Наголошено на тому, що пандемічна ситуація в світі і Україні зокрема не призупинила науковий пошук, а навпаки, стимулювала увагу дослідників до розробки нових наукових проблем. Звертається увага на актуальні питання функціонування сучасної вищої школи, невирішеність яких гальмує науковий пошук.
БАРОКОВІСТЬ У ЛІТУРГІЙНІЙ МУЗИЦІ УКРАЇНИ XVII–XVIII СТОЛІТЬ
Authors: Сапожнік Ольга
Published: December 2020

Аналізуються характерні особливості бароковості української літургійної музики XVII-XVIII століть, внесок барокової музичної культури у становлення етнонаціональної ментальності. Розкривається вплив «бароковості» літургійної музики України XVII-XVIII століть на формування національної стилістики музичної культури та культурної самосвідомості українства. Висвітлюються деякі аспекти переходу митців до нової системи запису церковної музики, утвердження в українській музичній практиці багатоголосся, партесного співу, окреслюються його характерні ознаки.
РОК-КУЛЬТУРА ІВАНО-ФРАНКІВСЬКА В ДРУКОВАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛАХ 1980-Х РОКІВ
Authors: Бабій Надія
Published: December 2020

Проаналізовано друковані джерела (офіційна преса та самвидав) що підтверджують існування у 1980-х роках в м. Івано-Франківську потужного пласта альтернативної культури, в якому рок-культура посідала одне з чільних місць та була важливим інструментом мотивації й формування суспільної свідомості. Досліджено самоідентифікація, соціокультурні напрями роботи рок-клубу, особливості мовного питання, інноваційна діяльність. Особливу увагу приділено вивченню інформаційного чинника комунікації та інтеграції в умовах ідеологічно закритої системи соціалізму.
AЇUROWE CZEPCE W STROJU KOBIECYM NA BOJKOWSZCZYЏNIE W KOСCU XIX – POCZҐTKU XXI WIEKU : LOKALNE CECHY ARTYSTYCZNE
Authors: Kozakevych Olena
Published: December 2020

W artykule rozpatrzono cechy artystyczne kobiecych aїurowych czepcуw koсca XIX do poczаtkуw XXI w. – w kontekњcie strojуw tradycyjnych na Bojkowszczyџnie. Analizowane charakterystyczne cechy lokalne, ktуre powstaіy pod wpіywem etnokulturowych i artystycznych czynnikуw wyznaczonego okresu. Podstawa metodologiczna – zasady podejњcia systemowego oraz badania kompleksowego, w szczegуlnoњci metody porуwnawczo-historyczne, typologiczne i artystyczne, a takїe wywiady terenowe. W wyniku badaс naukowych ustalono, їe tradycyjne wyroby aїurowe na Bojkowszczyџnie charakterystyczne szeregiem cech (ksztaіt, srtktura, kolor, dekorowanie) wyі№cznie dla tego terytorium, a nawet dla okreњlonej miкjscowoњci. Na szczegуlnа uwagк zasіugujа czepce siatkowe – ze wzglкdu na zakіadanie, techniki wytwarzania oraz cechy artystyczne. Ponadto czepiec – nieodіаczny atrybut obrzкdu weselnego i obowiаzkowa oznaka stanu zamкїnego w kulturze tradycyjnej. Badania terenowe autorki i opracowanie zabytkуw ze zbiorуw muzealnych dajа podstawк twierdziж o unikatowych etnograficznych i artystycznych lokalnych osobliwoњciach czepcуw: turkowski, starosamborski, skolowski, wielkobrzezaсski, woіowecki. Do obiegu naukowego wprowadzono pozyskane od respondentуw informacje o czepcach, oraz uіoїono sіownik terminуw specjalistycznych.
Shari'ah Sciences at the Universities
Authors: Jordan Office IIIT -
Published: December 2020

Interest in the development of Shari'ah sciences at the universitieshas emerged in the context of efforts to reconstruct the cultural andintellectual paradigms of the Islamic umrnah and affirm its role indirecting and guiding the procession of hwnan culture. As a result ofthis interest, the International Institute of Islamic Thought, the IslamicStudies and Research Association, Jordan University, Yannouk University,and Mu'tah University held a conference on the subject.Institutions that deal with the Shari'ah sciences, particularlyuniversities, play a positive and effective role in awakening Islamicfeeling among Muslims and in preventing Islamic thought from beingdiverted and becoming stagnant. It is therefore mandatory to supportthem and their objectives so that they can function as solid springboardsfor Islamic thought and serve as preparation centers for thoseulama and du'at who are expected to resolve the crises besettingcontemporary Muslim and non-Muslim societies.The importance of the Shari'ah sciences and knowledge has beenrecognized by past and present Muslim reformers: i.e., al Ghazancalled for the restoration of the religious sciences and Ibn Taym1yahcalled for the enactment of Muslim behavior congruent with the Prophet'stradition. Furthermore, contemporary reform movements haveacknowledged the importance of this role and, consequently, consideredthe development of the Shari'ah sciences as a basic axis ofreform and modernization. Along this line, one can mention the contributionsof such reformers as I:Iassan al 'A,t,tar, Mul}amrnad 'Abduh,Mul}ammad Rash1d Ri(ia, Khayr al 01n al Tiinis1, Mubammad al Tahir'Ashiir, 'Abd al 'Azlz al Tha'labi, and lbn Badis. However, severalfactors nullified these reformative efforts: the cognitive and psychologicaldichotomy created by the prevailing duality of education aswell as the intellectual paradigm confirmed by the imitation of andpreoccupation with external (rather than internal) affairs. Unfortunately,such factors have defeated the reformers' efforts.Therefore, the continuous revision of the Shari'ah sciences andcurricula, as well as the reality of their institutions, must receive an ...
Interpreting the Tradition
Authors: Hussain Waheed
Published: December 2020

Islamic modernism contends that muslims should revise their conventionalunderstanding of the requirements of their religion in light of freshinterpretations of authoritative texts. This paper argues that modernismhas much more radical impliciations than we might otherwise think. Thisbecomes clear once you distinguish between the arguments that social scientistsmake about the requirements of a religion from the arguments thatparticipants in a religion should accept. 1 illustrate my views by criticizingthe somewhat conservative position of one prominent klamic modernist,Fazlur Rahman.
Guiding Light
Authors: AbuSulayman 'AbdulHamid A.
Published: December 2020

TranslationIn the name of Allah, most benevolent, ever-merciful.God has promised, to thoseamong you who believeand work righteous deeds, that Hewill, of a surety grant themin the Land, inheritance(of power), as He granted itto those before them; thatHe will establish in authoritytheir religion- the onewhich He has chosen for them;And that He will change(their state), after the fearin which they (lived), to oneof security and peace:'They will worship Me (alone)and not associate aught with Me.'If any do reject Faithafter this, they arerebellious and wicked. Surah XXIV.55In this Qur'anic verse, Allah points out the three basic conditions for nationsto gain leadership and establish civilization on earth. These three are:1) clarity of vision and commitment to goals (Iman); 2) determination to translalatevisioninto action through appropriate means ('Amal); and 3) objectivityin assessing challenges and opportunities in order to devise and carry outstrategies and tactics best suited to produce the desired results in accordancewith the Laws of Creation (Salih).It is clear from this verse that Khilafah and the establishment of the MuslimUmmah as the leader of humanity and human civilization have to satisfy thesethree conditions of a clear commitment and a strategy based on a comprehensiveunderstanding of Islam. This Imam has to motivate action. Establishmentof the rule of the Ummah and the Khilafa can never be accomplished accordmgto this verse unless the Ummah's actions are based on objective assessmentsof what can be done and on the objective development and pursuit of goalsand objectives (Salih) ...
Meta-Religion
Authors: Al Faruqi Ismail Raji
Published: December 2020

I. FIVE STAGES OF THE STUDY OF RELIGIONReligion has been defined as the experience of a reality that is assumedto be ultimate as well as personal, thus making the experience an encounter?This modem definition is not without merit; for in religion, the object of experienceis indeed regarded as ultimate and in most cases as a commandingperson. It is inadequate, however, because it does not specify the experience.In order to fulfill the meaning of religion, one has to add that the ultimatereality experienced must be apprehended and understood, expressed and proclaimed,its commandments acquiesced in and responded to with individualand collective action.Religion therefore is the most important constituent of man’s humanity.First, it includes the vision of reality and the articulation of that vision, itsexpression in concepts for the understanding and percepts for the imagination.This vision and its expression have constituted most of man’s intellectualoutput throughout history. Second, it includes acquiescence in the commandingnature of Ultimate Reality and actualization of its commandments,and hence includes most of man’s subjective conditions and personalist values.Third, since the commandments have as their goal the actualization of thehighest good, religion includes most or all of man’s action as it relates to ...
The Operation of the Modern Financial Markets for Stocks and Bonds and its Relevance to an Islamic Economy
Authors: Zaman M. Raquibuz
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the structure and the operation ofboth the primary and the secondary markets for stocks and bonds, includingthe use of options, warrants, and rights in the securities market of a modemeconomy, such as the United States, with a view to ascertain which of thesesecurities might be permissible to invest in under an IsIamic economic system.Section I starts with a brief description of the nature and operation of theprimary and the secondary markets for securities. It then describes the natureand scope of each type of security in terms of risks and returns to the issuerand the investor. Section II starts with an interpretation of the Islamic injunctionswith respect to trade and investment. It then proceeds to examine theextent and conditions under which investment in particular securities maybe permissible under an Islamic Economic System. Section III summarizesthe results of the study and concludes with some tentative suggestions.I. INVESTING IN SECURITIESA. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MARKElS FOR SECURZTZESThe primary market is the market where securities are first issued bycorporations (or joint stock companies) and/or by governments. In the UnitedStates, as well as in other countries, the issuer of the security announces throughthe news media its intention to issue the security at a future date. Such an ...
Guiding Light Selections from the Holy Qur'an
Authors: AbuSulayman 'AbdulHamid A.
Published: December 2020

TranslationIn the name of Allah, most benevolent, ever-merciful.Generations before youWe destroyed when theyDid wrong: their ApostlesCame to them with Clear Signs,But they would not believe!Thus do We requiteThose who sin! Surah X:13

Now such were their houses, -In utter ruin,-becauseThey practised wrong-doing.Verily in this is a SignFor people of knowledge.And We saved thoseRighteousness~ Surah XXVII:52-53

We have revealed for you(O men!) a book in which Is a Message for you:Will ye not then understand?

How many were the populations we utterly destoryed because Of their iniquities, setting upIn their places other peoples? Surah XXI:10-11

Such were the populationswe destroyed when theyCommited iniquities; but we fixed an appointed time For their destruction.  Surah XVIII:59
Editorial
Authors: Rahman Mushtaqur
Published: December 2020

Five years of the American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences (AJISS)seem trivial, but there has been a good reason to seize upon this occasionas a brief respite from the here-and-now to look back at our objectives andaccomplishments. It is gratifying that AJISS is now a lading journal of Islamicresearch published in United States, and a major international journal. Ithas published medium and longer length articles by scholars within and outsidethe United States, representing original, significant, and major Islamicconceptual and interpretative advances within all subfields of the socialsciences. The articles have reflected the breadth, depth, and scale of modernIslamic scholarship, regardless of their perspectives and orientations.Among of the objectives of AJISS, and its sponsors, namely theInternational Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) and the Association of MuslimSocial Scientists (AMSS), has been the effort to restore confidence amongthe Muslim scholars and revive Islamic scholarship to its former high standards.In addition there has been a modest effort to bring the ummah out of itspresent decadent situation and historic Nostalgic bonds. Ordinarily, such asituation develops when a nation starts living in memories and monuments,memorizes history and narrates it while ignoring or relegating the realitiesof the time. The other perspective of history, and perhaps more desirable,is when the people learn from history, interpret history and transform thepresent knowledge according to their history, values, and ethics. During thepast five years, AJISS has persistently attempted to lead the way in fashioninga proper historical perspective by reverting to the basics, and by Islamizingthe current knowledge.This issue begins with selections from the Holy Qur'an and commentaryby 'AbdulHamid A. AbuSulayman. Three major sections follow. Section oneincludes two papers on the need and philosophy of Islamization of knowledge.In the first paper, Fazlur Rahman, presents his perspective on the Islamizationof Knowledge and suggests modification of the present approach. The secondpaper by Ilyas By-Yunus gives a brief biography of Isma'il al Faruqi, andtraces the development of his ideas of Islamization as one of the effectivemeans for Muslim resurgence.The second section of this issue has three papers on matters concerningIslamic Thought. In the first, Louay Safi discusses war and peace in Islam,challenging the classical doctrines as issue-specific and incomprehensive.Arguing his case with credible support from other sources, Safi offers analternative approach based on Islamic principles. The other paper by AbdulazizSachedena elaborates the importance of the Shari'ah by upholding the Tawhidprinciples in assimilating diverse groups with varied interests into one Ummah ...
Pluralism in Islam
Authors: Cairo Office IIIT -
Published: December 2020

Jamal al Din 'Atiyah, academic advisor to the IIIT-Cairo office, recentlypresided over the office's monthly public lecture entitled "Pluralism in Islam."Among the speakers were Jamal al Din 'A\iyah, Mul)ammad 'lmarah,Mul)ammad al GhazzaH, Mul)ammad Kamal Imam, Sa'id ·Ashur, andMubammad Salim al 'Awa.In his presentation, 'Atiyah emphasized that the concept of pluralism isnot limited to politics, as it is actually the source, if we compare it to thetrue unity or oneness which is an attribute of Allah alone. This being thecase, everything else is subject to pluralism.'Atiyah, expounding upon the Qur'anic verses which mention pluralismin creation, said that they were many and that they illustrate the Creator'sgreatness as well as His creation's uniqueness. The signs of plurality in natureturn humanity's attention to the purpose for which plurality was created: themanifestation and uniqueness of the One Creator in the variety and differenceof creation. There is also the concept that a pluralistic creation seeks to getthe sexes as well as various peoples and tribes to know each other so thatthey can produce a civilization and progress. Requiring such interaction leadto cooperation, and this difference in abilities-as in the case of the sexesleadsto completion. If we imagine lhat there is only one type of person,people will not get to know each other, and each one of u will be a copyof the others.'Atiyah explained that the concept of pluralism was clear to people atthe international level both before and after Islam. He said that no singlenation has ever ruled over or controlled the entire world. In short, pluralismleads to balance and competition among nations, thus preserving the orderof creation. As for pluralism within the ummah, he said that the ummahis united and that this has been stated in many texts. The ummah establishedits unity in the early years of Islam with the founding of the Islamic statein Madinah.As for political pluralism or political groupings within the Islamic ummah,'Atiyah said that the ummah must encourage those political activities whichwill allow the development of several parties. These parties may be dividedinto two types: those which work inside and those which work outside theframework of general Islamic concepts. This idea is not universally acceptedhowever, for some say that only the first type of party should be allowed ...
Observasi Jenis-Jenis Burung Pada Kawasan Bernilai Konservasi Tinggi PT. Gunung Gajah Abadi
Authors: Boer Chandradewana , Rustam Rustam
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat keanekaragaman jenis burung didalam kawasan PT GGA yang telah ditetapkan sebagai areal dengan nilai konservasi tinggi. Kurang dari 100 jenis burung diamati dan diidentifikasi dengan kombinasi metode yaitu dengan cara pengamatan, mendengarkan suara, jala kabut dan perangkap kamera. Setiap burung yang terdeteksi diidentifikasi jenisnya dan dilihat kelas makan dan statusnya. Beberapa jenis burung adalah spesies yang jarang ditemukan, terancam punah, endemik dan rentan. Insektivora lebih banyak diidentifikasi daripada kelompok kelas makan lainnya. Polypectron schleiermacheri (Endagered, IUCN, Appendix II, CITES), Lophura ignita dan Carpococys radiceus terperangkap oleh kamera dan menunjukkan betapa pentingnya hutan di dalam area PT. Gunung Gajah Abadi untuk dilindungi.
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Sorgum Manis Super-1 pada Waktu Aplikasi dan Dosis Pupuk ZA
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Suwarti Suwarti
Published: December 2020

Sorgum manis Super-1 menghasilkan produk utama berupa biji dan batang yang diperas menjadi nira sebagai bahan baku bioethanol. Dosis pupuk dan waktu pemupukan yang akurat menghasilkan panen biji, biomas dan kadar gula brix yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan waktu aplikasi dan dosis pupuk ZA terhadap hasil biji (ton ha-1), hasil panen batang dan karakter agronomis lainnya sebagai dasar rekomendasi pemupukan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia, Maros Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Agustus–November 2016. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktor tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah empat waktu pemberian pupuk ZA yaitu pada umur tanaman 40 hst, 50 hst, 60 hst dan 70 hst. Faktor kedua adalah empat dosis pupuk ZA yaitu 0 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antar perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi biji ha-1 dengan hasil tertinggi 3.30 ton ha-1 pada perlakuan pemupukan 50 kg ha-1 ZA yang diaplikasikan umur 40 hst. Respon tanaman terhadap faktor mandiri perlakuan waktu aplikasi pemupukan 35 hst dan 105 hst meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah ruas dan bobot biomas (ton ha-1), serta meningkatkan bobot 1000 biji. Dosis pupuk ZA berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi biji per ha, panjang malai dan volume nira. Korelasi Pearson antar peubah dengan hasil biji per hektar menunjukkan hasil yang tinggi dan sangat nyata dengan diameter batang (r=0.74), serta nyata dengan peubah jumlah ruas (r=0.65). Diameter batang memiliki pengaruh langsung terbesar terhadap produksi biji per hektar dengan koefisien sidik lintas 0.75.
Potensi Tumbuhan di Lahan Reklamasi Pasca Tambang Batubara Sebagai Pakan Ternak
Authors: Daru Taufan Purwokusumaning , Yusuf Roosena , Juraemi Juraemi
Published: December 2020

Lahan reklamasi pasca tambang memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan penggembalaan ternak. Agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal, perlu diketahui kondisi jenis vegetasi dan daya dukungnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis vegetasi sebagai hijauan dan produksi tumbuhan di lahan reklamasi pascatambang sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pakan ternak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi pada lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batubara PT. Multi Harapan Utama (MHU), Jonggon, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuadran ukuran 1 m x 1 m yang dilemparkan secara acak sebanyak 50 kali lemparan dari lahan yang digunakan 1 ha. Pengukuran meliputi status kesuburan tanah, jenis tumbuhan, kandungan zat makanan, kandungan logam berat, dan kapasitas tampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batubara memiliki 16 spesies tumbuhan dari 12 famili yang didominasi oleh Paspalum conjugatum. Kandungan zat makanan relative di bawah kebutuhan hidup pokok sapi potong. Kandungan logam berat Pb, Cd, Cu dan Zn dibawah dari maksimal yang diizinkan sebagai pakan. Potensi produksi tumbuhan segar di area reklamasi pasca tambang adalah 8.312 kg ha-1, dengan kapasitas tampung sebesar 2.2 ST ha-1 tahun-1.
Maxwell Bridge: Past & Present
Authors: Bansal Malti , Chaudhary Nishu , Malik Nipun
Published: December 2020

In this research paper, we report the details about the Maxwell Bridge including the history of the same, which contains the discoverer, when discovered, initial structure, amendments (modification in the Maxwell Bridge), from where the idea came and mathematical relations for the Maxwell Bridge.
Potential for development of woodworking productions in the Western regions of Ukraine and the directions for its realization
Authors: Ishchuk Svitlana , Koval Lyudmyla
Published: December 2020

Today, the woodworking industry is a strategically promising export-oriented segment of the national economy of Ukraine, as well as an important link for its integration into the global value chains. The presence of a significant raw material base and the prospects for expanding of product markets are the objective basis for the further dynamic development of domestic woodworking industry. The purpose of the article is to determine the production and export potential for the development of woodworking industry in the Western regions of Ukraine and to substantiate the organizational and economic forms of its practical realization. According to the results of the assessments, it is established that the vast majority of Western regions of Ukraine, especially Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Volyn and Rivne, have significant potential for further dynamic development of the woodworking industry. The processing (wooden furniture, windows, doors, floor) and production of paper and paper products are defined as the most promising industries in the region from the point of view of import substitution (i.e. orientation towards meeting demands on the domestic market). At the same time, from the point of view of increasing the presence of wood products of Ukrainian producers on the foreign markets, the production of alternative finishing materials for furniture, the production of energy-saving products, as well as the production of plywood and wood pellets are promising. Vertical integration will facilitate the full realization of the potential of domestic woodworking enterprises. The creation of integrated business structures in the woodworking sector, in particular in the Western regions, will enable meeting the needs of the woodworking productions for raw materials by establishing mutually beneficial links with the forestry sector; supporting and stimulating investment activity at the meso-level, which will ultimately contribute to the formation of a high level of competitiveness of domestic wood products, and consequently, to acceleration of their entry into foreign markets and to increasing the efficiency of the Ukrainian woodworking industry as a whole.
Archeologia modernizmu: Lock Jamesa Wellinga jako „przedmiot teoretyczny”
Authors: Pijarski Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

Artykuł, wychodząc od stwierdzenia Andre Bazina, że "każdy obraz powinien być odczuty jako przedmiot i każdy przedmiot jako obraz", ma dwa cele: po pierwsze, przyjeć się sposobowi, w jaki na fotografii może dojść do głosu przedmiotowość reprezentowanego obiektu, po drugie zaś pokazać, jak współczesna fotografia artystyczna może być interpretowana jako odpowiedź na kryzys przedmiotu w sztuce, wywołany, czy raczej - rozpoznany przez minimalistów w latach 60. XX w.Tekst jest oparty przede wszystkim na tekstach Michaela Frieda, Stanleya Cavella i Waltera Benn Michaels'a, zaś rolę kluczowych obiektów analizy pełnią praca "Lock" James'a Wellinga oraz typologie Bernda i Hilli Becherów,
The habitat diversity and its sosological evaluation of the Lviv museum of folk architecture as an example of previous analysis of anthropogenic landscape demutations
Authors: Kagalo Oleksandr , Omelchuk Oksana S. , Orlov Oleg , Ragulina Maryna , Sytschak Nadiya
Published: December 2020

The habitats diversity of Lviv Skansen was researched and it sozological value was estimated. On the territory of Skansen, 19 types of habitats belonging to 12 groups of 7 classes have been identified and described. Among them, 14 types have an anthropogenic origin, 3 – semi-natural, and only one – natural. On the territory of the museum were found 2 species of vascular plants listed in the Red Book of Ukraine – Allium ursinum L. and Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz, as well as naturalized populations of cultural Crocus sp. and Leucojum vernum L. From the sozological point of view, tree habitats – highly artificial broadleaved deciduous forestry plantations, coniferous forestry plantations and hard water source settlements on tuff and travertine formations – are of the greatest importance. The last one is a new type of habitat for region, barely studied. Currently, only one location is known in the vicinity of Lviv (Bryukhovychi). On the territory of the European Union, this habitat is included in the list of particularly valuable habitats of the NATURA-2000 environmental network. Highly artificial broadleaved deciduous forestry plantations habitats, although formed by non-native species, are currently ongoing through demutation proces. During the years of absence any cuttings or other forms of management, the plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Aesculus hippocastanum L. were replaced by semi-natural forests from young undergrowth of Betula pendula Roth, Acer platanoides L. and Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. The grass layer in these forestry plantations is represented by fragments of typical nemoral species. Thus, despite the anthropogenic origin of the habitats formed in Lviv Skansen, they play an important role in the conservation and distribution of biodiversity and help maintain the stability of green corridors of sub- and urban areas.
ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA ressignificando o ensinar e o aprender na Educação Infantil e anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Mikuska Márcia Inês Schabarum , Souza Patrícia Ferreira Concato de , Sanchez Junior Sidney Lopes
Published: December 2020

A matemática está presente no dia a dia das pessoas, desde o nascimento e em várias situações da vida cotidiana. Na escola, os saberes matemáticos são ensinados sistematicamente, organizados pelo currículo e mediado pelos professores, pelo livro didático, pelos recursos tecnológicos, pelas metodologias conhecidas pelos professores e pelas inúmeras interações que se fazem possíveis nos desafios diários da prática pedagógica. É preciso ressignificar o ensinar e o aprender Matemática na escola, para superar a ideia de um conhecimento elitista, complexo e sem aplicabilidade na vida cotidiana, associando as práticas cotidianas, de tal modo que a aprendizagem aconteça de forma efetiva, evitando-se, assim, possíveis dificuldades. Essa obra é um convite para mergulhar em águas mais profundas e ressignificar o fazer Matemática nos dias atuais.
La aplicación de modelos de distribución de especies para la realización de inferencias arqueológicas. Una ejemplificación a partir de Geoffroea decorticans en el área Sudcalchaquí (Noroeste, Argentina)
Authors: Franco Francisco , Camps Gonzalo Andrés
Published: December 2020

En este aporte interdisciplinario se desarrolla el concepto de modelos de distribución de especies, sus implicancias y las estrategias utilizadas para inferirlos. Se los ejemplifica a partir de la aplicación de la herramienta MaxEnt para modelar la distribución del árbol conocido como chañar (Geoffroea decorticans (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Burkart) entre 4200 y 300 años AP. Finalmente, se plantean implicancias y potencialidades arqueológicas generadas a partir del uso del modelado de distribución para distintos sitios arqueológicos del área Sudcalchaquí, en los cuales se ha identificado el consumo de la especie durante el primer milenio d.C.
Arqueometría de materiales constructivos en tierra de la aldea de Palo Blanco (Catamarca, Argentina)
Authors: Spengler Gisela , Ratto Norma
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de distintos estudios arqueométricos llevados a cabo sobre muestras de materiales constructivos en tierra correspondientes a vestigios de tapia, concreciones, derrumbe y sedimentos de control. Estos proceden de la aldea de Palo Blanco, ubicada en el valle de Fiambalá (departamento de Tinogasta, Catamarca, Argentina), cuyo desarrollo se extendió a lo largo del primer milenio de la era. Los análisis consideraron la composición química y mineralógica, así como la determinación de diversas propiedades físicas y mecánicas. Estas tareas se realizaron con el objetivo de contribuir a caracterizar los materiales y las técnicas constructivas, a fin de comprender mejorlas decisiones tecnológicas involucradas en la selección de materias primas y la preparación de las mezclas. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados obtenidos en función de estudios similares realizados sobre materiales constructivos en tierra provenientes de otras áreas del sudoeste catamarqueño y del noroeste riojano que presentan gran afinidad tanto regional como cronológica.
Recapitulation of Antimalarial Drugs use in the Prevention and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Disease
Authors: Zahid Maham , Waqar Kinza , Tahir Nafisa
Published: December 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused Coronavirus pandemic (COVID- 19). Repurposing of antimalarial drugs as a potential treatment option for hospitalized, non-hospitalized as well for prevention against SARS CoV-2 have been researched as potential COVID-19 treatments, with some moving into clinical trials. This review article revisits the evidence and draws comparison regarding their safety and efficacy.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Patients: Challenges and Practical Approach to Management
Authors: Awan Uzma Azeem , Saeed Rida Fatima , Bhatti Muhammad Zeeshan , Naeem Muhammad , Akhtar Nosheen
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has rapidly spread worldwide, which poses great challenges to the healthcare system around the world. This pandemic has shown that globally medical community has no care- models to deal with the effects imposed on patients with chronic illnesses. Appropriate and timely diagnosis and treatment of this highly vulnerable immunocompromised population is mandatory. Prominent challenges faced during the current outbreak include resource allocation, management of patients suffering from and follow-up-phases, patient fear and protection of healthcare workers. During Pandemic, the major management strategies for cancer patients comprise education about personal protective measures, symptoms of COVID- 19, emotional support, clear communication about infection control measures and clinical care. To decrease the risk of exposure, active individualized cancer intervention is required with reduce outpatient visits and maximum telemedicine. Currently, international guidelines to manage cancer patients in any infectious pandemic are not available. The development of a complete contingency plan with guidelines for the safety and patients care will pose beneficial effects by minimizing the risks of morbidity and mortality.
COVID-19 and Environment
Authors: Ali Mahwish
Published: December 2020

Environmental and demographic factors played an important role in the transmission of COVID-19,. This review discusses the potential impact of climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, Air Quality Index (AQI), air pollutants, wastewater and different surfaces on the spread of SARS-COVID-2 virus. Different studies have demonstrated the significant effect of ambient rise in temperature and humidity on Corona cases. However, air quality index and air pollutants are more significantly associated with the mortality rate of corona patients. Furthermore, COVID-19 can survive longer on smooth surfaces as compare to the rough surfaces. The presence of the virus is also detected in stool samples of the patient and wastewater but no study has shown transmission of disease through drinking contaminated water. Hence, meteorological and environmental factors have significant impact on the occurrence of the virus and its spread.
Two-Distance-Primitive Graphs
Authors: Jin Wei , Wu Ci Xuan , Zhou Jin Xin
Published: December 2020

A 2-distance-primitive graph is a vertex-transitive graph whose vertex stabilizer is primitive on both the first step and the second step neighborhoods. Let $\Gamma$ be such a graph. This paper shows that either $\Gamma$ is a cyclic graph, or $\Gamma$ is a complete bipartite graph, or $\Gamma$ has girth at most $4$ and the vertex stabilizer acts faithfully on both the first step and the second step neighborhoods. Also a complete classification is given of such graphs  satisfying that the vertex stabilizer acts $2$-transitively on the second step neighborhood. Finally, we determine the unique 2-distance-primitive graph which is  locally cyclic.
The Concept of Rendaozhuyi in Late Qing and Early Republican China
Authors: ZHANG Ke
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the concept of Rendaozhuyi in Late Qing and Early Republican China. Appearing as early as 1903, Rendaozhuyi is the Chinese rendering of both humanism and humanitarianism. For the Chinese intellectuals during the Late Qing and Early Republican period,
“rendao” itself represented a modern value of humanity and human dignity. In the wake of the Great War, Rendaozhuyi gained tremendous popularity among the May-Fourth scholars. Some of them held it up as a universal ideal and tool to critique Chinese tradition, while others
respectfully disagreed, worrying it would undermine the collective morale of “strengthening the nation”. Finally, the late 1920s saw the rapid ebb of the discussions of Rendaozhuyi.
The Romance of Thebes (Roman de Thèbes), trans. by Joan M. Ferrante and Robert W. Hanning. The French of England Translation Series (FRETS), 11. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2018, ix, 365.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Much of high medieval culture was deeply influenced by the reception of classical literature, as best represented by the genre of the romans antiques, the Roman de Thèbes, the Roman d’Enéas, and the Roman de Troie. These were based, in
turn, on the Thebaid of Statius (92 C.E.), Vergil’s Aeneid (after 19 B.C.E.), and the story of Troy as retold by Dares Phrygias and Dictys Cretensis (in Greek, first century C.E., lost today; in Latin, fourth century C.E. [Dictys] and sixth century C.E. respectively [Dares]).
Two of the most respected medieval French scholars, Joan M. Ferrante and Robert W. Hanning, now provide new access to the Roman de Thèbe through their English translation, which they have based on the personal copy owned by Henry Despenser (1370–1406), Bishop of Norwich,
well known especially for his ruthless suppression of the Peasant Revolt in 1381. This manuscript is today housed in the British Library, London, under Add. 34114, fol. 164a-226d, and it was critically edited by Francine Mora-Lebrun with a facing page modern French translation in 1995. Ms.
A (Paris, BnF, fr. 375) was recently edited by Luca di Sabatino (2016), which could not be consulted here for obvious reasons. Ms. C (Paris, BnF, fr. 784) was edited by Guy Reynaud de Lage in 1966, 1968, then re-edited along with a facing-page modern French translation by Aimé Petit
in 2008).
Johannes Gerson (1363–1429), Trost der Theologie und Apologetischer Dialog. Eingeleitet, übersetzt und kommentiert von Helga Köhler. Bibliothek der Mittellateinischen Literatur, 14. Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann, 2018, XLIII, 200 S.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Es gibt zahllose akademische oder pädagogische Gründe, sich aus der heutigen Sicht mit der Welt des Mittelalters zu beschäftigen. Wenig denkt man aber daran, dass recht viele Autoren (Philosophen, Theologen und Dichter) sich mit den wesentlichen Bedingungen des menschlichen
Lebens auseinandergesetzt und häufig tatsächlich Trostliteratur verfasst haben, die u.U. auch uns Heutige anzusprechen vermag. Das große Vorbild von Boethius (De consolatione philosophiae) übte einen enormen Einfluss eigentlich bis in das 18. und 19. Jahrhundert
aus, und einer der bedeutenden Rezeptionszeugen war der Kanzler der Pariser Universität Jean Gerson, dessen Consolatio Theologiae von 1418 mitsamt dem Dialogus apologeticus, also unmittelbar gegen oder wohl eher nach dem Abschluss des Konzils von Konstanz verfasst, hier
von Helga Köhler übersetzt, endlich dem deutschsprachigen Publikum wieder leicht zugänglich gemacht wird. Theologie und Philosophie verschränken sich eng in diesem Text, auch wenn Gerson der ersteren klar den Vortritt gewährt. Trotzdem zeichnet sich im Gespräch
deutlich ab, dass der Verfasser hier einen logischen Gedankengang verfolgt, so wenn es heißt: “Schließlich gelangt der Geist auf dem Wege der Kontemplation . . . zur reinen und einfachen Erkenntnis ohne Bewegung oder Erörterung nach dem Vorbild . . . der einfachen göttlichen
Erkenntnis, die mit einem einzigen Blick Gegenwärtiges, Vergangenes und Zukünftiges schaut” (79). Gerson lehnt sich hier ganz eng an Boethius, worauf uns auch Köhler sogleich hinweist, aber dennoch spricht dann der Theologie, laut dem nur die Gläubigen die letzte
Einsicht in die Weltverhältnisse gewinnen können (81), weil sie sich Gott unterwerfen (84). Im 3. Metrum IV formuliert Gerson unumwunden, dass sich der Mensch Christus anvertrauen müsse, denn wir alle seien ja nur blinde und verwundete Kinder, die dringend der Hilfe und des
Schutzes bedürften (86).
Matthew Boyd Goldie, Scribes of Space: Place in Middle English Literature and Late Medieval Science. Ithaca, NY, and London: Cornell University Press, 2019, xi, 293 pp., 11 b/w ill.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

In his highly stimulating study on space in Middle English literature and science, Matthew Boyd Goldie offers fascinating insights and observations about how the various poets and scientific writers saw their world and outlined strategies to convey spatial components through their writing.
Intriguingly, Goldie combines this approach by studying also the way of how scientific writers at that time kind of measured their world and tried to comprehend the meaning of space in mathematical and geometric terms. This has significant implications for the reading of the literary protagonists’
movement through space.
Königin Sibille. Huge Scheppel. Editionen, Kommentare und Erschließungen. Hrsg. von Bernd Bastert und Ute von Bloh. Unter Mitarbeit von Lina Herz und Silke Winst. Texte des späten Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit, 57. Berlin: Erich Schmidt, 2018, XXXI,
494 S., 8 farbige und 2 s/w Abb.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Seit einiger Zeit haben die Prosaromane der Gräfin Elisabeth von Nassau-Saarbrücken steigendes Interesse erfahren, was schließlich auch dazu geführt hat, dass sich Bernd Bastert (Bochum) und Ute von Bloh (Potsdam) jeweils mit einem Forschungsteam von Studenten darum
bemüht haben, alle ihre vier Werke in kritisch bearbeiteten Ausgaben neu herauszugeben. Nun liegt der letzte Band vor, der Huge Scheppel und die Königin Sibille enthält. Wie in ihren bisherigen Editionen haben sie ganz bewusst den Namen der Autorin weggelassen,
weil sie ernsthaft bezweifeln, dass Elisabeth entscheidend, wenn überhaupt, an der Schaffung dieser Romane beteiligt gewesen war. Dies wird freilich hier noch nicht einmal diskutiert, und der Leser sieht sich schlicht anonymen Texten gegenüber, was an und für sich genommen schlicht
nicht stimmt. Diese Anonymität bleibt nach meiner Meinung sehr zweifelhaft, denn die Beweislast, ihr die Autorschaft abzusprechen, liegt bei Bastert und von Bloh, die aber bisher nicht genügend Evidenz für ihre negative These produzieren konnten, und was auch im vorliegenden
Band nicht belegt wird.
Thomas Horst, Marília dos Santos Lopes, and Henrique Leitão, eds., Renaissance Craftsmen and Humanistic Scholars: Circulation of Knowledge between Portugal and Germany. Passagem: Estudios em Ciências Culturais, 10. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2017, 246
pp.
Authors: Galle Karl
Published: December 2020

Histories of European humanism often underplay events in the Iberian Peninsula, while accounts of Portuguese and Spanish voyages around the African coast and to the Americas only occasionally explore networks and mercantile interests in Central Europe that helped support these endeavors.
The present volume, based on papers from a workshop at the National Library of Portugal and focusing on links and exchanges between German and Portuguese lands, attempts to address both of these scholarly gaps while simultaneously looking at intersections between the traditions of humanistic
and craft knowledge.
Renana Bartal, Gender, Piety, and Production in Fourteenth-Century English Apocalypse Manuscripts. London and New York: Routledge, 2016, xv, 181 pp., 4 color plates, 79 b/w ill.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

The late Middle Ages witnessed a tremendous growth in interest concerning the end of all life, the apocalypse. This found most vivid expression in relevant illuminated manuscripts, three of which Renana Bartal discusses in her study here: Cambridge, Magdalene College, MS Pepys 1803;
Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Selden Supra 38; and Brussels, Bibliothèque royale, MS II 282, all of them produced in England at the end of the fourteenth century. All of them have already received extensive coverage by previous scholarship, and Bartal simply continues with that tradition,
trying hard to offer new perspectives, which are, to be honest, hard to come by now.
Anna Russakoff, Imagining the Miraculous: Miraculous Images of the Virgin Mary in French Illuminated Manuscripts, ca. 1250-ca. 1450. Studies and Texts, 215; Text Image Context: Studies in Medieval Manuscript Illumination, 7. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies,
2019, xviii, 194 pp., ill.
Authors: Bayo Juan Carlos
Published: December 2020

This monograph deals with illuminated manuscripts created in French-speaking regions from the mid-thirteenth to the mid-fifteenth century, i.e., from the earliest narratives of Marian miracles written in Old French to the codices produced at the Burgundian court
at the waning of the Middle Ages. Its focus, however, is very specific: it is a systematic analysis of the miniatures depicting both material representations of the Virgin (mainly sculptures, but also icons, panel paintings, altarpieces or reliquaries) and the miracles performed by them, usually
as Mary’s reaction to a prayer (or an insult) to one of Her images.
Dingkulturen: Objekte in Literatur, Kunst und Gesellschaft der Vormoderne. Hrsg. von Anna Mühlherr, Heike Sahm, Monika Schausten und Bruno Quast, unter Mitarbeit von Ulrich Hoffmann. Literatur. Theorie. Geschichte, 9. Berlin und Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2018, IX, 463
S., s/w und farbige Abb.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Im September 2012 fand eine Tagung zu Dingkulturen in der Vormoderne in Freudenstadt im Schwarzwald statt. Elke Brüggen von der Universität Bonn hielt dort einen Vortrag über die eigenständige Agens der roten Rüstung, die Parzival im gleichnamigen Versroman
Wolframs von Eschenbach von dem von ihm getöteten Onkel Ither übernimmt. Sie nahm dabei wahr, dass die Dinge zu Memorialzeichen werden und zur Identitätsstiftung des Protagonisten beitragen, was programmatisch für den ganzen Band einstehen könnte. Im Juni 2013 trug
sie praktisch den gleichen Vortrag auf einer Tagung an der Rikkyo Universität in Tokio vor. Dieser ist nun im Band Japanisch-deutsche Gespräche über Fremdheit im Mittelalter (2018, hrsg. von Manshu Ide und Albrecht Classen) im Druck erschienen. Praktisch der gleiche Text,
d.h. die Version, die in Freudenstadt vorgetragen wurde, findet sich ebenfalls im vorliegenden Band (2018), nur unter leicht anderem Titel und mit leichten Veränderungen im Rahmenteil, ohne dass die Doppelung auch nur irgendwo angezeigt würde. Sogar die Anmerkungen sind exakt die
gleichen, mit der einen Ausnahme, dass die Autorin in der Anm. 11 (Japanisch-deutsche Gespräche) meinen Hinweis auf Friedrich Theodor Vischers Roman Auch einer (1878) anerkennt, der bereits von der “Tücke des Objekts” gesprochen hatte, auf den aber keiner
der Autoren in Dingkulturen rekurriert.
Karl-Heinz Göttert, Als die Natur noch sprach: Mensch, Tier und Pflanze vor der Moderne. Stuttgart: Philipp Reclam jun., 2019, 390 S., farbige Abb.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Ohne es direkt auszusprechen, bemüht sich doch Karl-Heinz Göttert, emeritierter Germanist an der Universität Köln, ökokritische Messlatten ans Mittelalter anzulegen, d.h. die Wahrnehmung der Natur aus mittelalterlicher Sicht zu überprüfen, freilich
ohne jegliche theoretische Vorgaben zu konsultieren. Der Titel, “Als die Natur noch sprach,” schuldet sich offensichtlich einer postromantischen Vorstellung, der hier vielleicht sogar ein wenig gehuldigt wird, klingt es ja durch, dass die Vormoderne noch ein besseres Verhältnis
mit der Natur besaß als wir heute. Die traf natürlich überhaupt nicht zu und wird wohl so auch nicht vom Autor intendiert gewesen sein. Vielmehr strebt er an, die Unterschiede im Umgang mit der Natur zwischen Mittelalter und Moderne aufzudecken, wie er im Vorwort ankündigt,
doch zu dem Vergleich kommt es dann nicht. Stattdessen intendiert er, wie es weiter heißt, uns den vormodernen “Naturbegriff” (11) nahezubringen und dabei u.a. auch aufzudecken, wie man schon in der Antike bzw. im Mittelalter über Nachhaltigkeit nachdachte. Punktuell
kommt dies gewiss zur Sprache, aber eben nur soviel.