bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating Renewable Energy Systems into Urban Planning for Sustainable Cities
Authors: Hussein Noor Al-Huda K. , Basel Ola Mohammed
Published: November 2024

The 21st century has seen a race of urbanization, one that is rapidly increasing energy demands and leading to environmental degradation as well as climate change due to the dependency on fossil fuels. While the shift to urban sustainability is a major solution to this issue, how renewable energy systems may fit into well-orchestrated urban planning remains an open question. Our goal is to explore approaches, tools and governance frameworks for cities to transition towards renewable energy given the optimal economic, social,, and environmental impact. A summary of key findings states, "As this paper demonstrates, the integrated use of renewable energy significantly curtails greenhouse gases, achieving 1.2 million tons of CO₂ reductions per year and providing renewables for a full 35% of urban energy demand." It also points to economic advantages, such as $200 million in annual energy savings and 5,000 direct jobs created in renewable energy. Social equity is also a part of the study, with 10,000 households receiving clean energy. These findings constellate around the relevance of the inclusion of renewables in urban planning as an alternative solution to climate change but also a driver of urban resilience and sustainable development more generally. We urge all stakeholders to implement inclusive policies, invest in innovative technologies and mobilize communities in order to accelerate the transition towards renewable energy systems for cities
Assessing the Impact of Circular Economy Practices on Global Waste Management Systems
Authors: Hussein Noor Al-Huda K. , Huang Xin , Li Xiang , Yao Jianling
Published: November 2024

The enormous rate of urbanization, industrialization and unreasonable consumption positions severe pressure on global waste management systems as well as the exceedingly fast pace of pile-up of rubbish threatening a broke ecological balance. This research investigates the  Circular economy  (CE) practices as a constructive strategy to solve these problems. However, the issue is that our current linear waste management systems are extremely inefficient, having an overreliance on the use of landfilling and incineration for disposing of waste, leading to resource depletion and greenhouse gas emissions. This research aims to assess the effects of CE practices on waste reduction, resource efficiency and landfill diversion with a view towards understanding regional variability and the obstacles(s) and opportunities to adoption. The study adopts a mixed-methods perspective, combining qualitative data from stakeholder interviews and case studies with quantitative information concerning waste management performance. Highlights show that the CE practices decrease waste generation by 25–40%, boost recycling rates of up to 50–65%, and divert as much as 70–80% of waste away from landfills. The research still points to challenges including economic costs, gaps in policy and technology especially in the developing world. The results are closely aligned with global benchmarks and affirm the efficacy of CE practices. Finally the paper provides policy implications aimed at policymakers, industries and researchers observing that to promote faster adoption of CE practices there is an urgent need for coherent policies, technological innovation and public awareness. Combined, these results highlight how  CE  principles can transform waste management systems and support the pursuit of global sustainability goals.
Implementasi Perencanaan Produksi dan Kapasitas Mesin Guna Meningkatkan Efisiensi Produksi: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mintari Nia , Asbari Masduki , Astuti Nidia
Published: November 2024

The process of planning production and machine capacity is the implementation of a production process that is complementary and sustainable. The problem with the production process starts with a scheduling process that is less than optimal. The condition of the machine is often ignored because we are too focused on carrying out the production process. This research aims to examine journals regarding production planning in a company. Starting with looking for sources of scientific work in international journals and national journals. Retention in journal searches starts from 2004 to 2024. Researchers obtained 6 scientific articles on production planning and machine capacity which have an impact on increasing efficiency in production. Good planning can also help company management achieve the company's expected targets.
Planning for Survival: How Can an Archipelago Island Nation Like Maldives Benefit from Spatial Planning?
Authors: Afeef Abdulla
Published: November 2024

Spatial planning can be defined as the approaches used by the public sector authorities to influence the distribution of resources and activities in spaces of various types and scale. Today, spatial planning is practiced and being adopted by many countries. However, lack of a formal and comprehensive spatial planning system in the country is leading the present pace of development in Maldives unsustainable. The purpose of this study is to propose relevant changes to the Maldives planning system in order to deal with the problems and threats identified for the short, medium, long run and assure a sustainable future. This study integrated an exploratory approach by exploring different existing literature related to the study area and developed a case study on Maldives. Interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders to get further in-depth of spatial planning application in Maldives. The overall result shows that there is significant lack of academic research on spatial planning to cover the context of small island nations. Additionally, spatial planning can play a major role in the development of Maldives. Finally, a spatial planning system formulated for Maldives should be tailor-made to the context of Maldives and benchmarked to well-recognized spatial planning systems and practices to accommodate the singularities and specificities of the country.
A Use of Urban Green Space and Wellbeing of Individuals in Male’ City, Maldives
Authors: Nadheem Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

An increasing body of literature suggests a strong positive association between urban green spaces and human well-being. The presence of natural areas in urban settings has been shown to be crucial for enhancing the quality of life and promoting sustainability in cities. However, most of the existing research on urban green spaces has focused on large cities that differ significantly from the geographical context of Maldives, particularly its unique small island city of Male', which faces congestion-related issues. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of urban green spaces on the well-being of individuals in Male' city. Specifically, the study analyzed the frequency and duration of green space utilization. Well-being was assessed using a tool developed by the International Wellbeing Group, which measures subjective well-being across seven life domains. Through a survey involving 407 participants, the study provided insights into the relationship between these two variables. A Spearman’s Rho test was done on the Use of Urban Green Spaces and Subjective Wellbeing to find out the relation between the two. The results of the Spearman’s Rho shows, there is a significant positive linear relationship between (Subjective Well Being) SWB and Frequency of (Urban Green Space) UGS Use (rs (405) = .516, p <.001). Participants who used green spaces reported a higher level of SWB.
A Development and Prototyping of a Two-Wheeled Self- Balancing Robot
Authors: Mohamed Shihab Rashnan , Aalif Mohamed , Rawaau Ali , Adnan Humaish , Thorig Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

Mobile robotics is a branch of robotics and within the branch the category of selfbalancingrobots is of particular interest as these robots show the promise of navigating difficultterrain in a manner like humans and can be used to platform for investigating autonomouscontrol systems. This paper aims to summarize the development of a two-wheeled self-balancingrobot as a case study to demonstrate the application of computer control systems in physicalsystems. A complementary filter is used with a triple-axis gyroscope and accelerometer toaccurately gauge the rotation of the two-wheeled robot and provide the data to a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) program which controls the power to the motors accordingly to controlits tilt and achieve self-balancing. In short, the robot manages to achieve self-balancing within asmall tilt angle range, however, design flaws such as the sensor falling off at larger tilt anglescause instability at larger tilt angles. In future work, more complex control algorithms can beemployed, and the effect of different robot builds can be thoroughly explored
To find out the co-relation between Nodule formation after Botox and Covid-19 vaccination.
Authors: Dr laila hassan  , Ali Ammad , Qureshi Asma , Asif Muhammad
Published: November 2024

This case series examines the rare phenomenon of nodular formation following botulinum toxin injections, focusing on patient demographics, clinical presentations, and treatment approaches. The study includes diverse cases from various geographic regions to illustrate the complexity and variability in patient responses and outcomes. Following the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination, there has been an increase in various adverse effects (AEs) and serious adverse effects (SAEs), including blood clotting and elevated stroke rates among vaccinated individuals.
The first case involves a woman in her mid-40s, a frequent Botox user with a history of back and muscle pain, who contracted COVID-19 shortly before her injection. Post-injection, she developed painful nodules on her forehead and neck, initially treated with oral and intravenous steroids, antibiotics, and antihistamines. While she experienced some early improvement, noncompliance led to further complications, requiring additional interventions like massage and heat application. Ultimately, after sustained steroid therapy and surgical drainage, the nodules resolved.
The second case focuses on a mid-50s woman with hypertension and hypothyroidism who also developed similar nodules after botulinum toxin injections but did not seek follow-up care. After receiving treatment from another physician involving steroids and antibiotics, she recovered after more than a year.
This paper highlights a recurring pattern of nodular issues post-COVID-19 across various regions. Treatment approaches varied, including intralesional injections, steroids, and other topical and systemic therapies, with resolution times ranging from one week to several months.
The findings underscore the importance of patient compliance and thorough pre-procedure discussions. Factors such as COVID-19 history, saline dilution types, and injection techniques may contribute to nodular formation. The study calls for further research to establish standardized management practices and address the underlying causes of these rare but significant complications.
Here’s a rephrased version of your introduction, streamlined for clarity and conciseness:
 The Expanding Scope of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Opportunities and Future Perspectives
Authors: Hinagul Dr
Published: November 2024

AI applications in dentistry are multifaceted, ranging from diagnostic imaging and treatment planning to patient management and predictive analytics. Machine learning algorithms can analyze radiographs with higher accuracy than traditional methods, identifying cavities, lesions, and other dental issues at early stages, which contributes to timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. Moreover, AI-driven software has begun to support orthodontics, enabling precise treatment planning through 3D imaging technologies that ensure personalized and effective care.
Robotic-assisted surgeries are also making their mark by enhancing the precision of procedures, such as implant placement and root canal treatments. These technological aids reduce the margin of human error, shorten procedural times, and improve patient recovery rates. Additionally, AI is instrumental in patient management systems that streamline appointment scheduling, follow-up reminders, and treatment histories, thus improving clinic efficiency.
ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АЛЮМИНИЯ И ЕГО СПЛАВОВ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ
Authors:   Доцент кафедры «Геология и горное дело», Каршинский инженерно-экономический институт, Карши, Узбекистан, Эшонкулов Учкун Худайназар угли , Зуевич София Александровна ,   Преподаватель кафедры «Горные работы», Белорусский национальный технический университет, Белоруссия, Бильдзюк Егор Викторович ,   Старший преподаватель кафедры «Горные работы», Белорусский национальный технический университет, Белоруссия
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена свойствам алюминия, элементу III группы Периодической таблицы, с порядковым номером 13 и атомной массой 26,98. Рассматриваются его физико-химические характеристики, включая низкую плотность (2,7 г/см³), высокую электропроводность (65% от меди) и теплопроводность (238,3 Вт/(м·К)). Подробно описаны различные марки алюминия, его коррозионная стойкость, а также механические свойства, отличающиеся в зависимости от чистоты и обработки. Алюминий используется в виде полуфабрикатов (листов, прутков и профилей) и в виде сплавов, таких как Al–Mn, Al–Si и Al–Mg. В статье обсуждаются методы упрочнения алюминиевых сплавов, такие как закалка и старение, а также их влияние на механические свойства и коррозионную стойкость. Приведены данные о распаде твердого раствора и процессе старения, а также о структурном упрочнении, что повышает прочность и пластичность алюминия. Статья содержит иллюстрации, демонстрирующие микроструктуру сплавов и зависимости их свойств от температуры и времени старения.
Managing Dual-Track Systems: A Program Integration Roadmap (PIR) for ACGME and non-ACGME Programs and Institutions
Authors: Bailey, MBA Amy
Published: November 2024

Challenges persist in merging ACGME and non-ACGME or non-standard training programs within GME institutions due to differing program characteristics, such as work hour monitoring, supervision, salary structure, and career advancement opportunities, along with accreditation requirements and timelines. Some non-standard training programs may also face restrictive covenants, prohibiting trainees from using the skills, knowledge, and possibly patients they gained during the program in the same geographical area to directly compete against the program or institution that trained them. In institutions where ACGME and non-ACGME programs co-exist, these fundamental differences can be challenging to navigate. Program leaders and administrators may have to apply different standards to each type of program, and trainees may notice inequity if training under different guidelines than their peers within the same institution. Ultimately, programs that operate in silos, rather than cohesively, have the potential to undermine the strength of the GME enterprise. Integration of ACGME and non-ACGME program operations within a single sponsoring institution has great benefits for GME, program leaders, administrators, and trainees. However, current models for seamless integration are lacking. Our goal is to present a roadmap as a guide on how best to integrate programs.
Book Review: Critical perspectives on equity and social mobility in study abroad: Interrogating issues of unequal access and outcomes
Authors: Garcia-Parellada Gemma
Published: November 2024

International student mobility has often been conceived as an avenue for upward social mobility and, if paired with appropriate training, developing intercultural competence and other skills to professionally succeed in the global village. However, multiple contextual factors may stratify access to student mobility or hinder its potential. Critical perspectives on equity and social mobility in study abroad: Interrogating issues of unequal access and outcomes interrogates aspects related to cultural and socioeconomic dynamics that affect students’ access, outcomes and experiences.
Comparative analysis of planning with community resources across learning areas in the Australian Curriculum: Impacts, strategies and challenges
Authors: Zeng Shaoru Annie , Yip Sun Yee , Ji Grace Xuecong , Hou Yaqing , Zhang Hongzhi , Chan Philip Wing Keung , Diamond Zane , Burke Geraldine
Published: November 2024

The study reported on in this paper analysed how community resources are integrated into four areas of the Australian Curriculum: Languages (Chinese), The Arts (Visual Arts), Sciences, and Humanities and Social Sciences (Economics and Business). It examined four case studies to compare the use of rural resources and local partnerships for achieving educational goals and fostering sustainable practices for teaching the Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia (AAEA) Cross-Curriculum Priority in the Australian Curriculum. Using a dimensional comparative framework, the study evaluated community resources, engagement strategies, educational objectives and impacts on lesson planning. Findings indicate that effective community engagement enriches educational experiences by enhancing linguistic skills, creative expression, scientific inquiry and economic understanding. The study highlights the benefits of adapting educational strategies to local contexts and notes that such integrations support educational quality and sustainability. It concludes that leveraging diverse community resources is essential for improving educational outcomes and promoting sustainability across disciplines.
Teacher workload and intensifying demands: Lessons from the Chinese double reduction policy
Authors: Ji Grace Xuecong , Chan Philip Wing Keung , Kalogeropoulos Penelope
Published: November 2024

The 2018 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) results revealed a negative correlation between student academic achievement and wellbeing in China, indicating that higher academic performance often coincides with lower student well-being. In response to these findings and the broader issues within the Chinese education system, the Double Reduction Policy was introduced in July 2021 to reduce the volume of homework and limit the scope of off-campus subject-based tutoring.

This article examines the impact and challenges of this policy within a school by employing semi-structured interviews to gather qualitative data from various stakeholders, including teachers, students and parents. The study identified several findings and challenges, including inadequate quantity and quality of after-school services; an unclear teacher remuneration system, which causes uncertainty and stress among teachers; and a mismatch between the expectations of parents and the goals of the double reduction policy.

The study employed network governance theory and Mohe under the concept of Asia as the method to understand how teachers and other stakeholders manage and allocate resources to adapt to the new policy requirements. Network governance theory suggests that teachers are willing to collaborate and share their resources to enhance students’ learning experiences despite potential personal and professional sacrifices. This article argues for better after-school services, improved homework-setting practices, a clear teacher evaluation system and the alignment of parental expectations with policy goals. It suggests leveraging off-campus resources and fostering collaborative efforts among stakeholders to overcome these challenges. Additionally, it suggests a shift from an exam-oriented educational system to a more holistic approach to address the underlying issues affecting student well-being and academic achievement in China.
Early Child Development Questionnaire for 0-2 Years (ECD-Questionnaire)
Authors: Agustiani Hendriati , Agustiani Hendriati , Qodariah Laila , Amanah Mutiara , Fadilah Syifa Husni
Published: November 2024

Learning and development are in their most rapid period during the first 5 years. Early identification and detection of developmental aspects in infant and young children is essential to maximize the child's potential, and to detect developmental delays early, so that appropriate interventions can be given. Developmental screening tools used in Indonesia today are still translations of screening tools in other countries and there has been no testing regarding their validity and reliability. Therefore, this study aims to develop an Early Child Development Questionnaire for 0-2 Years (ECD-Q) that is suitable for Indonesian children as a source of developmental screening tools. In this research, the process of developing this ECD-Q for 0-2 years old has used the design of measuring instrument development by Cohen & Swerdlik (2009), which consists of a test conceptualization, test construction, test tryout, analysis and revision. The analysis carried out in testing the ECD-Q is the value of internal consistency testing (Cronbach's Alpha), validity testing using CVI, and item analysis testing. Based on trials conducted on 280 mothers with children aged 0-24 months (Age of Mother: M=20.42; SD=4.3 and Age of Children: M=11.3 months; SD=6.8 months). This ECD-Q is a valid instrument based on content validity by expert review. Gross motor, cognitive, and self-help skills are reliable, and most of the items are also valid and have good discriminatory power. Developmental aspects of fine motor skills and language are reliable and can still be sensitive to distinguish the abilities of children over 13 months. In this final version of the ECD-Q, items that have an I-CVI score below 0.8 and have an item-total correlation of below 0.1 are deleted because they are considered less sensitive to distinguish children's abilities. Based on this ECD-Q trial, we recommend further research to increase the number of samples so that they can better represent the condition of children in Indonesia. The results of large-scale trials can be continued to establish group norms from this ECD-Q. A test-retest test would also be very good to see the consistency of this measuring instrument.
Effective Leadership of Kindergarten Principals in Facing the Impact of Learning Loss in Kindergartner During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Setiasih Ocih , Rahayu Aisah Karunia , Arzaqi Roby Naufal
Published: November 2024

Online and home learning during the COVID-19 pandemic present several challenges and risks of learning loss that have a long-term impact on children. Because of this, kindergarten principals are encouraged to take practical and strategic steps in dealing with crises for the sake of the continuity and sustainability of education. Thus, this study aims at determining the effective leadership of kindergarten principals in dealing with the impact of learning loss in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic. The approach used is qualitative with a case study design and four research participants, namely three principals with different geographical backgrounds. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The research findings show that all participants have had proactive leadership in the ability to choose responses to the pandemic to improve teaching quality, institutional resilience, and the development of further innovation. They took initiative and anticipatory steps to reduce the impact of learning loss, such as blended learning, visiting teacher programs, literacy movements, and parenting programs. Kindergarten principals with rural geographical conditions have not shown a win-win mindset, especially in the aspect of negotiating and finding alternative solutions together, as evidenced by the lack of school efforts to build agreements with school members in overcoming learning loss in children during online learning. Furthermore, kindergartens with suburban geographical conditions did not reflect self-honing behavior in terms of physical dimensions because the pandemic has added a burden to the mind and reduced rest time, which hinders the kindergarten principal in ensuring his physical health.
السهام الطائشة: نقد سردية صعوبة العربية وتعقد أنظمتها
Authors: فهمي خالد
Published: November 2024

يتناول هذا البحث بالفحص "السِّهام الطَّائشة" التي توجَّهت لاتهام اللغة العربية بالصعوبة والعجز، واتهام نظامها الخطِّي كذلك، وينهض فحصُ إستراتيجيات الدفاع عن اللغة العربية بهدفِ نقضِ هذه السردية التي تتَّهم نظامها، وسعيًا إلى هذه الغاية توقَّف البحث أمام فحصِ الإستراتيجيات السلبية المريضة التي توجَّهت إلى اطِّراح اللغة العربية ونظامها الخطي والتحول إلى غيرها، وفحصِ الإستراتيجيات الإيجابية الصحِّية التي تذرَّعت بالارتباط بالدِّين، أو استثمار التاريخ أو اللسانيات، وقد تبيَّن من فحصِ هذه الإستراتيجيات الدفاعية أن العقل العربي استطاع أن يواجه الاتهامات الموجَّهة إلى اللغة العربية بطرقٍ علمية متنوِّعة.
INTEGRATING GENERATIVE AI WITH SAP HANA FOR PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE IN MANUFACTURING
Authors: POORNACHANDAR POKALA
Published: November 2024

The research investigates integratinggenerative AI with SAP HANA for advancedpredictive maintenance in manufacturingenvironments. The integration, based on thepurpose, provides a facility toward the applicationof AI algorithms for real-time data analysis topredict failure and reduce unplanned downtime,optimizing maintenance schedules and improvingoperational efficiency. Technical andorganizational challenges include integrating theseadvanced technologies, data quality, systemcompatibility, and workforce readiness. The study,therefore, undertakes in-depth analyses andprovides insights into the effectiveness of AI-drivenpredictive models of maintenance, while alsoputting forward practical recommendations throughwhich barriers to implementation can be overcomeand smarter, cost-effective mai
Bulgarian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (BFOG) amniotic fluid index charts
Authors:   Orthogyn Medical Center, Ignatov Petar , Yordanova-Ignatova Teodora
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Amniotic fluid plays a critical role in fetal development, particularly for the lungs, musculoskeletal, and urinary
systems. Traditional international nomograms for the amniotic fluid index (AFI) are often based on data from
heterogeneous populations and do not accurately reflect specific characteristics of the local population. The lack
of local reference values for AFI may lead to diagnostic inaccuracies and unnecessary medical interventions. This
study aims to establish local reference ranges for AFI in the Bulgarian population, providing a more accurate
assessment of amniotic fluid levels.
Materials and Methods:
Between 2021 and 2024, a multicenter, longitudinal observational study was conducted including 1,559 singleton
pregnancies in Bulgaria. Follow-up was performed between the 26th and 40th gestational weeks with ultrasound
measurements taken every two weeks. The AFI assessment methodology involved dividing the uterus into four
quadrants, with all measurements performed by certified specialists. Nonparametric quantile regression was used
to calculate percentile values for AFI in data processing.
Results:
The results indicate that the average amniotic fluid volume in the Bulgarian population remains relatively constant
from the 26th to the 40th gestational week, while the 95th percentile increases up to 25.5 near term. The lower AFI
limit (5th percentile) is higher than internationally recommended values, highlighting characteristics specific to the
Bulgarian population that warrant consideration.
Conclusions:
Establishing local reference values for AFI ensures more precise diagnostics and improves the quality of prenatal
care. These values allow for timely detection of fetal development abnormalities and reduce the risk of
unnecessary interventions. Local reference values support personalized medical care tailored to the specific
characteristics of the Bulgarian population.
Powieść Antigua, moje życie Marceli Serrano z perspektywy sensorycznej geografii literackiej
Authors: Danielkiewicz Dominika
Published: November 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza krajobrazów zmysłowych wykreowanych w powieści Antigua, moje życie chilijskiej autorki Marceli Serrano. W pracy wykorzysta-ne zostały narzędzia metodologiczne z zakresu sensorycznej geografii literackiej bada-jącej relację pomiędzy wrażeniami zmysłowymi a środowiskiem geograficznym czło-wieka z perspektywy literaturoznawczej. W utworze obraz Santiago, krajobraz połu-dnia Chile, gwatemalskiego miasta Antigua oraz położonych w jego rejonie miaste-czek kształtowany jest poprzez wizualne, słuchowe, węchowo-smakowe, taktylne oraz polisensoryczne doświadczenia bohaterek, które nie są jedynie recepcją bodźców, ale również źródłem znaczeń. Z analizy wynika, że w powieści percepcja przestrzeni uwarunkowana jest, przede wszystkim, przez czynniki historyczne oraz społeczno-polityczne. Na zmysłowe postrzeganie miejsc w utworze wpływ ma poczucie ideolo-gicznego osierocenia bohaterów w latynoamerykańskiej nowoczesności.
Global research trend related to antidiabetic agent on Nigella sativa: A bibliometric analysis based on Scopus from 1987-2023
Authors: Mahasin Ahmad Azka , Sari Asti Arum
Published: November 2024

Several research studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Nigella sativa in enhancing the clinical condition associated with diabetes. However, there has been a lack of extensive use of bibliometric methods in this particular area of study. In response to this gap, we conducted a bibliometric analysis with a focus on exploring research related to N. sativa as a potential antidiabetic agent. We gathered bibliographic data from pertinent studies in the Scopus database, comprising 105 papers published between 1987 and 2023. We conducted the bibliometric analysis using Visualization of Similarities Viewer (VOSviewer) version 1.6.20. Our investigation revealed Alexandria University in Egypt as the most prolific institution, and the journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine emerged as the primary publication platform for research on the antidiabetic agent of N. sativa. Egypt demonstrated notable prominence as the foremost country in both productivity and collaboration within this field. From 1987 to 2023, most studies focused on the effects of N. sativa on diabetes and how it is used to treat it. Other major issues included its immune-boosting, cardiovascular-healthy, and cancer-fighting capabilities.
Yrkesretting i norskfaget på yrkesfag – et krysspress mellom flere hensyn?
Authors: Sundby Anniken Hotvedt
Published: November 2024

Få studier retter oppmerksomheten mot fellesfagene på yrkesfag. Denne artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i fellesfaget norsk og fenomenet yrkesretting. Gjennom individuelle intervjuer med ti norsklærere på flere yrkesfaglige program undersøkes det hvordan erfarne norsklærere oppfatter og vektlegger føringene om yrkesretting i læreplanen i norsk som ble innført i 2020. Formålet er å undersøke hva føringen yrkesretting gjør med kunnskapsinnholdet i norskfaget. De teoretiske perspektivene som benyttes i analysene og diskusjonen, er ulike dimensjoner ved yrkesretting, ideen om betydningsfull kunnskap i skolens læreplaner og begrepet relevans.
Studien viser at det først og fremst er i kompetansemålene at norsklærerne finner føringer om at de skal yrkesrette norskfaget. Alle norsklærerne er opptatt av yrkesretting, og de yrkesretter mer enn det forventes i læreplanen. For norsklærerne i denne studien er yrkesretting knyttet til valg av både innhold og arbeidsmetoder. Det som skaper de største utfordringene når norskfaget skal yrkesrettes, er rammefaktorer som ligger utenfor læreplanen og norskundervisningen. Norsklærerne peker særlig på tre utfordringer. Den ene er at samarbeidsprosjekter mellom lærere på tvers av fag lett kan bli for store. Den andre går ut på at norsklærerne har for lite kjennskap til innholdet i elevenes yrkesfag, siden de sjelden ser elevene i aksjon på verksteder, i praksisrom eller ute i praksis. Den tredje er at den nye nasjonale skriftlige eksamenen i norsk på yrkesfag er for generelt yrkesrettet. Diskusjonen plasserer seg i en større debatt om hva formålet og innholdet i fellesfagene på yrkesfag er og bør være. Særlig tar den opp om den læreplanløsningen Norge har valgt, med gjennomgående læreplaner i fellesfag, er en læreplanløsning som går i yrkesfagenes favør.
Influence of Fertilizer on the Colour and Starch Properties of Yam (Dioscorea spp) Tuber
Authors: Afolabi Folasade O. , Akinwande Bolanle A. , Otegbayo Bolanle O.
Published: November 2024

Yam is a tuber crop grown for food security, cultural value and income generation. Due to its high nutrient-demanding nature, soil fertility is required for its cultivation. fertilizer is a crucial agronomic factor in yam production, Still, yam farmers are skeptical about fertilizer usage because of their fear of it exerting poor qualities on yam tubers. Limited information on the effect of fertilizer on yam tuber quality is available.
Four varieties each of Dioscorea rotundata (TDr9518544, Danacha, Hembakwase and Ojuiyawo) and Dioscorea alata (TDa291, TDa0200012, TDa0000194 and TDa9801176) were cultivated under non-fertilization, manure fertilizer (4.5t ha‑1 poultry manure) and NPK fertilizer (90, 50 and 75 Kg N, P, K ha-1). The field experiment was conducted in the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria, in the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons.  The harvested tubers were evaluated for colour indices (L, a*, b* and browning index) and starch properties (starch yield, amylose and amylopectin, starch granule size and shape). Data obtained was subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Analysis System software (SAS) package and means were separated using Duncan multiple range test with a probability of p≤0.05.
Fertilizer did not cause browning or any significant change in the colour indices of the tuber flesh. starch yield (18.83 to 28.3%), increase in amylose was observed in D. rotundata in the order; manureNPKcontrol with manure having 92.66% and NPK 40.2% increase. Fertilizer had no significant effect on the granule size and shapes of the starches.
Hence, fertilizer, especially manure and NPK, should be used to cultivate yam on nutrient-depleted soil without detrimental tuber colour and starch.
Challenges in Sesame Production and Marketing: Insights from Kerala's Onattukara Region, India
Authors: Krishna Kumar Charan , Vijayan Aswathy , Kuruvila Anil , B Lovely. , Gopinath Pratheesh P
Published: November 2024

Sesame is one of the nine major oilseeds grown in India, with cultivation spread across every state. Although sesame is grown in 11 districts in Kerala, the sesame cultivated in the Onattukara tract has unique characteristics. In Kerala, sesame is cultivated on 326.51 hectares, with a total production of 163.1 tonnes and a productivity rate of 499 kg per hectare. This study aims to analyze the challenges faced by farmers in the production and marketing of sesame in the Onattukara region of Kerala. The districts of Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, and Kollam were purposively selected for the study, as the Onattukara region is located within these three districts. A total of 163 farmers were included in the sample, comprising eighty farmers each from Kollam and Alappuzha districts and three farmers from Pathanamthitta. Constraints faced by farmers in sesame cultivation were ranked using the Garrett ranking technique.
Sesame cultivation in the Onattukara region faces various challenges in both production and marketing, such as inadequate seed availability, high input costs, low yields, labor shortages, low prices, weather-related issues, price fluctuations, delayed payments, low demand for the final product, and the lack of institutional market mechanism. Similarly, sesame processing unit owners also encounter issues in production and marketing, including raw material shortages, a lack of skilled labor, poor raw material quality, costly production methods, lack of support, low product prices, price volatility, inadequate storage facilities, inefficient markets for final products, and limited consumer awareness.
A micro-level study on sesame production and marketing would help producers make informed and specific decisions to improve their income. These insights can guide producers in making informed decisions and assist policymakers in implementing corrective measures like resource allocation for inputs, training and capacity building, improving market linkages to enhance sesame production, productivity, and market stability. These interventions, grounded in micro-level data, could substantially support both short-term gains and long-term sustainability in sesame production, demonstrating the practical utility of the research in enhancing both farmers livelihoods and local agricultural policy.
Exploring the Effect of Leadership Styles on Financial Management Practices in Tertiary Healthcare Institutions in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Gabriel Omorogiuwa Osazuwa , Wills Lester
Published: November 2024

Leadership in healthcare institutions has a significant effect on financial management practices, which are crucial for ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of service delivery. This study explores the effect of various leadership styles—autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, bureaucratic, transformational, and transactional—on financial management practices, specifically financial accountability and budgeting, in two tertiary healthcare institutions in South-South Nigeria: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Using a cross-sectional design approach, quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 195 participants from UPTH and 115 from RSUTH. The data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank-order correlation. The results revealed that at RSUTH, transformational and autocratic leadership styles positively influenced financial accountability, with transformational leaders fostering transparency and ethical practices, while autocratic leaders ensured compliance with financial standards. In terms of budgeting, democratic and transactional leadership styles were positively associated with budgeting practices at RSUTH, supporting inclusive and structured financial planning. At UPTH, laissez-faire and bureaucratic leadership styles unexpectedly showed positive correlations with budgeting, suggesting that decentralized decision-making and procedural rigor may encourage employee engagement in financial planning. These findings highlight the importance of adaptable leadership that balances compliance with collaborative and innovative approaches to financial management. The study concludes that healthcare institutions should prioritize transformational and democratic leadership styles, which promote transparency, accountability, and participatory decision-making. Implementing leadership development programs to equip leaders with adaptable skills based on situational needs is recommended. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of leadership styles on financial sustainability across diverse healthcare contexts.
Livelihoods Generation through Corporate Social Responsibility: The Impact of CSR Initiatives on Socioeconomic Empowerment in Odisha
Authors: Mahapatra Manosmita , Dixit Soumyashree , Suvadarshini Srisikta
Published: November 2024

Spearheading the cause of the communities is often eulogized as the overwhelming mandate of the corporate houses. There are a plethora of instances wherein companies of various sorts put serious effort on their social obligations and financially invest a lot in various developmental activities revolving around community development in one way or the other. This may include donations, volunteering activities, educational programs, livelihood ventures, healthcare initiatives, or infrastructure development in disadvantaged areas. The paper represents an attempt to highlight the role of CSR in community development through generation of livelihood programes especially for the rural women. By following descriptive and exploratory research designs with a sample size of sixty women collected from five different SHGs chosen through simple random sampling along with the use of interview schedule as the tool, it analyzes the CSR contribution of the Dalmia Bharat Foundation (DBF) in promoting the livelihood concerns of women through a variety of initiatives including mushroom cultivation, tailoring, spice packaging, imparting business skills, access to finance and host of other initiatives.
Challenges in Implementing Extracurricular Activities and their Impact on Skill Development in Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Lujuo Andrew P. , Wandela Eugenia Lucas
Published: November 2024

This study explored the challenges faced in implementing extracurricular activities (ECAs) in secondary schools in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania, and how these challenges hinder students' development of practical skills necessary for solving societal problems. The research employed a case study design, utilizing both simple random sampling for students and purposive sampling for teachers. Data was collected through interviews with 17 teachers and focus group discussions with 72 students. The findings revealed two main themes of challenges: student attitudes and backgrounds as barriers, as well as teacher and parental support issues. Student attitudes and backgrounds encompassed inappropriate attitudes towards ECAs, home upbringing influences, and gender-biased perspectives. Teacher and parental support issues involved inadequate teacher guidance and lack of parental involvement. Based on these findings, the study recommends increased Tanzania government funding to provide necessary resources for ECAs in secondary schools, as well as the implementation of awareness campaigns aimed at changing negative perceptions about ECAs. These initiatives are crucial for fostering an environment that promotes skill development and equips students with the abilities needed to solve pressing societal problems.
Spent Lubricating Oil Decreased Vegetative Growth Parameters and Rhizosphere Microbial Abundance of Groundnuts (Arachis hypogea) and Maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Ataikiru TL , Okpako OD
Published: November 2024

Research Gap: there are little or no information on effect of oil pollution on groundnuts and maize.
Aim: to ascertain effect of spent engine oil (SEO) on plants’ growth, chlorophyll content, growth and survival of rhizosphere microorganisms in the contaminated soil.
Study Design: experiment was laid out as a completely randomized design in 3 replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun/six months.
Methodology: farm top soil was collected and physico-chemical analysis was done. Viable seeds were determined by flotation method. Four treatments of SEO (5, 10, 15, 20ml) were applied to soil with plants at 2 weeks after planting. Shoot length, dry matter, leaf area, chlorophyll content of uprooted plant samples, rhizosphere bacterial and fungal counts were estimated biweekly using standard methods.
Results: different responses to SEO concentrations were observed. Leaf area was most affected (20ml SEO) at week 6 for groundnuts (0.0075±0.002m2) and maize (0.583±0.006m2). Application of SEO to soils had reductive effects on dry matter content of all plants; content values for groundnuts and maize at week 6 were 167±0.006g and 368±0.004g while controls were 0.567±0.007g and 0.860±0.002g, respectively. Bacterial counts increased in groundnuts from 1.21 ×105 CFU/g to 1.69×105 CFU/g (5ml), 0.7 x 105 CFU/g to 1.19 ×105 CFU/g (20ml), 2.03×105CFU/g to 2.56 ×105CFU/g (control) at weeks 2 and 6. Counts in maize were 1.35 ×105 CFU/g to 2.25×105 CFU/g (5ml), 0.8 ×105 CFU/g to 1.19×105 CFU/g (20ml), 2.15×105CFU/g to 2.96×105 CFU/g (control), respectively at weeks 2 and 6. There were statistical differences between the monitored parameters and treatments with respects to days.
Conclusion: study revealed plants may suffer great growth inhibition and perform poorly when exposed to SEO at early stages of growth. Therefore, enforcement of strict disposal regulations and legislations against irregular and indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oil into the environment is imperative.
Evaluating the Effectiveness and Coverage of Vaccination Programs in Reducing the Incidence of Paediatric Infectious Diseases
Authors: Karaut Thana Sarkis
Published: November 2024

Background: Pediatric infectious diseases pose a significant risk to child health worldwide. Vaccination programs have greatly reduced the incidence and severity of these diseases, though coverage and efficacy differ across regions. This mini-review examines how effectively these programs reduce pediatric infectious diseases by analyzing existing literature on vaccine impact in various countries.
Methodology: A literature search across PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL (Dec 2017 - May 2022) used specific MeSH terms, including ‘pediatric vaccination,’ ‘disease incidence,’ and ‘vaccine efficacy.’ Out of 928 articles initially retrieved, 48 underwent full-text screening, and seven met the final criteria.
Results: The review highlights significant reductions in pediatric infectious diseases, particularly in regions with high vaccination coverage for diseases such as pneumococcal pneumonia, measles, and Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b). Studies report over 90% reductions in incidence rates for certain diseases in countries with comprehensive immunization programs, showcasing the importance of sustained, widespread coverage. Conversely, in regions with lower coverage, diseases remain prevalent, indicating the need for strengthened immunization strategies.
Conclusion: Effective vaccination programs are crucial for reducing pediatric disease rates, improving public health, and fostering herd immunity. Increased vaccine accessibility, education, and coverage are necessary, especially in low-coverage regions, to advance global health goals for pediatric control.
Soil and Agro-climatic Suitability for Kinnow Cultivation: A Case Study of the Agra Region
Authors: Babu Satendra , Singh Virendra
Published: November 2024

The fertile, well-drained loamy soils and subtropical climate of the Agra region create ideal conditions for Kinnow (Santra) cultivation. This study examines soil types, pH levels, and agro-climatic conditions that optimize Kinnow yields. Key factors such as sunlight, rainfall, and altitude variations are explored, with practical guidelines provided for soil management and irrigation. The findings offer valuable insights for farmers aiming for sustainable and profitable Kinnow production, though challenges such as water management and market accessibility require further exploration. This research highlights Agra's potential for expanding citrus cultivation while addressing key agricultural constraints.