bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of universities in preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of the regions of the Russian Federation (based on the activities of the Association of Finno-Ugric Universities)
Authors: Kondrateva Natalia Vladimirovna , Dyatlova Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this article is to determine the role of regional universities that are members of the Association of Finno-Ugric Universities and participants in the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" in preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of the Russian Federation. The article describes the main activities aimed at the development of the Mordovian, Mari, and Udmurt languages, as well as identifies the conditions for their implementation. The scientific novelty lies in defining the pedagogical potential of activities aimed at preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of Russia for the development of the higher education system. Additionally, for the first time, an analysis is conducted on the influence of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" on the functioning of the Mordovian, Mari, and Udmurt languages. The research revealed that the implementation of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" enables regional universities to intensify their efforts to preserve the linguistic and cultural diversity of Russia through processes of digitalization, the creation of scientific innovations, and the formation of network communities for workforce preparation. The main conditions for the effective implementation of such programs can include long-term planning, an ethno-cultural approach, and interdisciplinarity. The activities focused on preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of the country within the scientific, educational, and upbringing system of a university harmonize the process of forming national-cultural identity and intercultural tolerance of modern students.
Intertextual methods of artistic cognition (on the material of the lyrical cycle “Sibyls” by R. Fainlight)
Authors: Linnichenko Svetlana Igorevna
Published: March 2024

The aim of the research is to identify intertextual methods of artistic cognition in the lyrics of the British poetess R. Fainlight. The research novelty lies in considering intertextuality as a method of artistic cognition. The author defines the traditional themes of British postmodern poetry, such as reinterpreting archetypes, contemporary life, political, social, and moral issues, personal experiences, while also revealing the specific characteristics of the creative thinking of poets in the postmodern era: intertextuality, non-linearity, incompleteness, fragmentariness, and interaction with the reader. In addition, the following intertextual methods of artistic cognition, as observed in the poetic cycle “Sybils”, are established. The augmented allusion is based on cultural-historical precedents that acquire new characteristics, whereas the allusive flow includes numerous references to other sources, and the double allusion juxtaposes different intertextual planes. R. Fainlight’s intertextual metaphors are typically complemented by double allusions. Moreover, falsification of the intertext is represented by fabricated quotations. As a result, the intertextuality of R. Fainlight’s poetry is defined as a distinct cognitive practice of the postmodern era.
Language game in mental spaces of children's literature works
Authors: Vaganova Irina Yuryevna
Published: March 2024

The aim of the presented study is to define the specifics of applying constructive principles and techniques of language game in modeling mental spaces in children's literature works. The research novelty lies in identifying the potential of language game in modeling denotative spaces of literary texts for children, particularly in creating occasional onyms and toponyms, modeling children's speech, including through the imitation of unintentional word formation in children's language. Language game is viewed not only as a means of modeling mental spaces but also as a tool to immerse a child into the system of language, introduce them to the laws of artistic texts, engage in linguistic creative activities, provoke children to engage in independent language creation, and linguistic experiments. The obtained results have shown that using language game techniques in creating mental spaces in children's literature serves both as a means of expressing the author's intention and as a method of creatively exploring children's language consciousness and mentality.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ НЕОРГАНІЧНИХ СПОЛУК ДЛЯ ОЧИЩЕННЯ СТІЧНИХ ВОД ГАЛЬВАНІЧНИХ ВИРОБНИЦТВ
Authors: КИСЛОВА О. В. , ПАТЛУН Д. В.
Published: March 2024

Мета. Аналіз сучасних хімічних технологій очищення концентрованих стоків та промивних вод гальванічних виробництв; узагальнення особливостей використання неорганічних речовин для знешкодження стічних вод.

Методика. Аналітичний огляд наукової та науково-практичної літератури для систематизації методів застосування неорганічних сполук різних класів для очищення ціано- та хромовмісних стоків гальванічних виробництв, осадження йонів важких металів, нейтралізації рН стічних вод.

Результати. Для знешкодження концентрованих стоків та промивних вод гальванічних виробництв широко використовуються мінеральні кислоти та луги для нейтралізації, окисники (рідкий хлор, хлорне вапно, гіпохлорит кальцію або натрію, озон, калій перманганат, гідроген пероксид), відновники (сульфіт, гідрогенсульфіт, тіосульфат натрію, ферум сульфат), а також гідроксиди, карбонати, сульфіди для осадження йонів важких металів. Перевагами реагентного методу є універсальність, простота експлуатації, застосування недорогого обладнання, широкий інтервал початкових концентрацій іонів, можливість сумісного очищення стічних вод різних гальванічних процесів після попереднього знешкодження токсичних ціано- та хромовмісних стоків. Нагальним завданням є вдосконалення реагентних методів з метою зниження витрат хімічних сполук, підвищення повноти вилучення іонів металів та інших шкідливих речовин, спрощення їх подальшого виділення зі шламу для повної утилізації.

Наукова новизна. Обгрунтовано оптимальні умови застосування неорганічних сполук для знешкодження стічних вод гальванічних виробництв, які передбачають необхідність враховувати характеристики стоків конкретного гальванічного виробництва, такі як концентрації забруднюючих речовин, pH, наявність додаткових сполук у складі електролітів та інші фактори.

Практична значимість. Узагальнено напрямки очищення стічних вод гальванічних виробництв реагентним методом, охарактеризовано основні неорганічні сполуки, які застосовуються для знешкодження концентрованих стоків і промивних вод гальванічних виробництв, оптимальні умови їх використання.
ВПЛИВ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РОЗКЛАДУ ЗАНЯТЬ ДЛЯ ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ ТЕРМОСТАТІВ НА ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ БУДІВЛІ ШКІЛЬНОГО ЗАКЛАДУ
Authors: ДЕШКО В. І. , ГОЛУБЕНКО О. О.
Published: March 2024

Вступ. Варіації пониження температури в періоди невикористання будівлі показало свою ефективність, як захід з енергозбереження. Проте, в заходах пов’язаних з терморегулювання зберігається потенціал енергозбереження, пов’язаний з більш детальними графіками опалення. Дослідження переваг та недоліків детальних графіків опалення для програмування термостатів стає важливим напрямком в розвитку сучасних систем опалення та кондиціонування.

Мета. Метою даного дослідження є дослідження переваг та недоліків впровадження терморегулювання системи опалення на базі шкільного розкладу уроків.

Методика. Дослідження виконуються на базі енергетичного моделювання у програмному середовищі DesiqnBuilder.

Результати. За результатами енергетичного моделювання будівлі було дослідження вплив впровадження графіку опалення на основі розкладу шкільних занять для будівель з різним рівнем теплового захисту. Графік опалення оснований на розкладі занять показав ряд переваг перед простішим графіком з провалами в неробочі години, а саме, вищу на понад 3% енергоефективність і зниження пікового навантаження на систему опалення на 3,3–3,7%.

Наукова новизна. Дослідження впливу впровадження графіку опалення основаного на розкладі занять на енергоефективність в будівлі школи та комфортність перебування людей в приміщеннях.

Практична значимість. Врахування кліматичних та будівельних особливостей, а також нівелювання впливу людського фактору, шляхом впровадження програмованих термостатів, може сприяти розробці ефективних стратегій управління опаленням, що в свою чергу призведе до значної економії енергоресурсів.
Eutanasia, ética , dignidad, compasión y Atención Primaria
Authors: Coscollar Santaliestra Carlos
Published: March 2024

Vivir de cerca el sufrimiento insoportable del paciente, en un contexto de desesperanza, promueven un sentimiento de empatía y de compasión que, necesariamente, mueve a la reflexión. La regulación de la eutanasia resuelve la cuestión legal, pero no así la ética, de una complejidad que hace imprevisible conciliar unanimidades, porque atañe al significado individual y colectivo de la muerte. La convivencia consiste en respetar lo plural y lo diverso, y requiere de un espacio jurídico y político que lo garantice. La solidaridad, la empatía y, finalmente, la compasión (compartidos por partidarios y contrarios a la regulación de la eutanasia) son sentimientos y emociones inevitables frente al sufrimiento ajeno, en especial, en un contexto eutanásico. Desde esa perspectiva y atendiendo al bienestar y derechos del paciente, debe construirse un espacio público que, respetando la posición del otro, no sea percibido como una imposición. Estos mismos argumentos, aconsejan una adaptación de los actuales códigos deontológicos, que dejan fuera de su “protección” a una mayoría de los profesionales favorables a la Ley. La respuesta paliativista a la demanda de regulación de la eutanasia no resuelve la cuestión ética de fondo y suele olvidar la Atención Primaria, como garante y responsable de los cuidados paliativos.
que la pereza descubre de mí
Authors: Borrell i Carrió Francesc
Published: March 2024

La pereza es un regulador conductual de primer orden. La relación que establecemos con la pereza marcará, en parte, nuestra biografía. Rectificar rutinas, decisiones, actitudes…. exige dominarlas, instruirlas, estar alerta a cualquier acto de procrastinación. El entusiasmo que nos provoca un proyecto novedoso, o participar en actividades que nos dan notoriedad, las realizamos sin esfuerzo, (estamos motivados), pero no debilitan la tendencia a holgazanear. En cambio, desmentirnos, admitir errores, programar nuevas actitudes frente a viejos estereotipos, aprender nuevas habilidades, supone doblegar la pereza y, por consiguiente, reforzar la voluntad. Este es el camino para aprender nuevas maneras de colorear la vida. La ociosidad puede ser parte de una vida plena, no así la holgazanería, camino que conduce al tedio y la acedia. Pero, más importante, al analizar cómo actúa en mi este tipo de estados emocionales, (pereza, alegría, rencor, envidia…), descubro parte de la urdimbre que me constituye.
Médicos migrantes
Authors: Serna Lozano Adriana
Published: March 2024

Médicos migrantes es un texto narrado desde la experiencia de la emigración de Colombia a España, vista desde la mirada de una médica. Se trata de un ejercicio de interpretación de la realidad de la profesión médica en los dos países, analizando sus contrastes sociales, académicos, laborales y culturales y su repercusión tanto en el entorno personal y familiar del médico migrante, como en la dinámica general del país receptor (España). Para enmarcar estas reflexiones se ha acudido a la recolección de algunos datos globales sobre migración y al análisis de aspectos económicos y sociales, que han favorecido la más nutrida emigración de colombianos de la que se tengan datos. Si bien la movilidad internacional es un tema cuyas aristas son innumerables, el presente documento se centra en la realidad de los médicos extracomunitarios que pretenden ejercer en el territorio español. El médico extracomunitario afronta por un lado un universo normativo que es necesario conocer y, además, debe comprender la sociedad a la que desea incorporarse. Los anhelos de los médicos migrantes y las necesidades urgentes de más manos para la atención sanitaria de la población española, están en medio de los intereses del gobierno y sus funcionarios, así como un complejo entramado de agencias y abogados, que intentan posibilitar más allá de las fronteras, el ejercicio de la profesión.
contribución de los humanistas en la formación médica: Marañón, Ortega y Unamuno (Parte I)
Authors: González Blasco Pablo
Published: March 2024

Existe una dualidad entre la medicina considerada como ciencia o como arte; en este primer artículo (de una serie de dos), el autor destaca la importancia de equilibrar ambos aspectos, pues de ello dependerá la esencia misma de los cuidados de salud. Saber cuidar es como una moneda de dos caras, donde la ciencia y el arte deben tener igual valor para tener legitimidad social. Desafortunadamente, una creciente tecnificación nos lleva a descuidar la visión del paciente como un todo, y no solo como un conjunto de síntomas. Esta visión holística debe traducirse en actualizarnos de manera equilibrada entre la formación técnica y la comprensión del paciente como realidad personal y social. Sin embargo, la tendencia a priorizar la investigación sobre la formación profesional es causa de frustración y burnout, porque la práctica clínica es aceptación y transformación del sufrimiento humano. La Universidad debe iniciar este proceso formativo, promocionando la cultura y el humanismo. Ortega, Marañón y Unamuno, iluminan este tránsito hacia una práctica clínica más empática y reflexiva.
The Role of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: From Biological Mechanism to Practical Implications
Authors: Ceccarelli Laura , Verriello Lorenzo , Pauletto Giada , Valente Mariarosaria , Spadea Leopoldo , Salati Carlo , Zeppieri Marco , Ius Tamara
Published: March 2024

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive loss of both upper and lower motor neurons, resulting in clinical features such as muscle weakness, paralysis, and ultimately, respiratory failure. Nowadays, there is not effective treatment to reverse the progression of the disease, that leads to death within 3–5 years after the onset. Nevertheless, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) technology could be the answer, providing disease modelling, drug testing, and cell-based therapies for this pathology. The aim of this work was to conduct a literature review of the past 5 years about the role of iPS in ALS, to better define the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and the potential future therapies. The review also deals with advanced and currently available technologies used to reprogram cell lines and generate human motor neurons in vitro, which represent the source to study the pathological processes, the relationship between phenotype and genotype, the disease progression and the potential therapeutic targets of these group of disorders. Specific treatment options with stem cells involve Advance Gene Editing Technology, neuroprotective agents, and cells or exosomes transplantation, aimed to replace dead or damaged nerve cells. In summary, this review comprehensively addresses the role of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in motor neuron diseases (MND), with a focus on physiopathology, diagnostic and prognostic implications, specific and potential future treatment options. Understanding the biological mechanisms and practical implications of hPSCs in MND is crucial for advancing therapeutic strategies and improving outcomes for patients affected by these devastating diseases.
Locus Coeruleus-Norepinephrine System: Spheres of Influence and Contribution to the Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Nikolenko Vladimir Nikolaevich , Borminskaya Irina Dmitriyevna , Nikitina Arina Timofeevna , Golyshkina Maria Sergeevna , Rizaeva Negoriya Aliagayevna , Oganesyan Marine Valikovna
Published: March 2024

Locus coeruleus is a small bilateral nucleus in the brainstem. It is the main source of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) throughout the central nervous system (about 70% of all norepinephrine in the central nervous system), and, as shown in numerous studies, it is involved in regulating a significant number of functions. The detailed study of the functions of the Locus Coeruleus (LC) and its significance in human life became possible only after the development of histofluorescence methods for monoamines in the 1960s. The widespread locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) projection system regulates the entire central nervous system and modulates sensory processing, motor behavior, arousal, and cognitive processes. Damage to the LC and the associated decrease in norepinephrine levels are involved in a wide range of clinical conditions and pathological processes. Although much about the anatomy and physiology of the LC is currently known, its ultimate role in the regulation of behavior, control of the sleep-wake cycle, stress response, and the development of pathological conditions (such as Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, depression, suicidal behavior, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Parkinson’s disease) is not fully understood. Non-invasive visualization of the LC can be used for differential diagnosis, determining the stage of the disease, and predicting its course. Studying the dysfunction of the LC-norepinephrine system, involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases, may ultimately form the basis for the development of new treatment methods based on the pharmacological elevation of norepinephrine levels. In this review, we will attempt to highlight the key points regarding the structure and function of the Locus Coeruleus, as well as outline the main directions and prospects for its study.
Deciphering a Prognostic Signature Based on Soluble Mediators Defines the Immune Landscape and Predicts Prognosis in HNSCC
Authors: Chi Hao , Peng Gaoge , Song Guobin , Zhang Jinhao , Xie Xixi , Yang Jinyan , Xu Jiayu , Zhang Jieying , Xu Ke , Wu Qibiao , Yang Guanhu
Published: March 2024

Background: The study on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC), a prevalent and aggressive form of head and neck cancer, focuses on the often-overlooked role of soluble mediators. The objective is to leverage a transcriptome-based risk analysis utilizing soluble mediator-related genes (SMRGs) to provide novel insights into prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in HNSCC patients. Methods: We analyzed the expression and prognostic significance of 10,859 SMRGs using 502 HNSCC and 44 normal samples from the TCGA-HNSC cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The samples were divided into training and test sets in a 7:3 ratio, with an additional external validation using 40 tumor samples from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with prognostic significance were identified through univariate and Lasso-Cox regression analyses. A prognostic model based on 20 SMRGs was developed using Lasso and multivariate Cox regression. We assessed the clinical outcomes and immune status in high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) HNSCC patients utilizing the BEST databases and single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Results: The 20 SMRGs were crucial in predicting the prognosis of HNSCC, with the SMRG signature emerging as an independent prognostic indicator. Patients classified in the HR group exhibited poorer outcomes compared to those in the LR group. A nomogram, integrating clinical characteristics and risk scores, demonstrated substantial prognostic value. Immunotherapy appeared to be more effective in the LR group, possibly attributed to enhanced immune infiltration and expression of immune checkpoints. Conclusions: The model based on soluble mediator-associated genes offers a fresh perspective for assessing the pre-immune efficacy and showcases robust predictive capabilities. This innovative approach holds significant promise in advancing the field of precision immuno-oncology research, providing valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies in HNSCC.
PENGARUH ATTITUDE TOWARDS ELECTRONIC TAX SYSTEM, PELAYANAN FISKUS, DAN PENERAPAN E-SYSTEM PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI YANG TERDAFTAR DI KPP PRATAMA JAKARTA SAWAH BESAR DUA
Authors: Ameliyaningsih Tr , Jannah Luluul
Published: March 2024

Sebagai negara yang ditopang dari pajak, kepatuhan wajib pajak di Indonesia akan senantiasa menjadi bahasan penting dalam upaya peningkatan penerimaan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh attitude towards electronic tax system, pelayanan fiskus, dan penerapan e-system pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data metode kuesioner tertutup kepada 100 sampel wajib pajak orang pribadi (WPOP) di KPP Pratama Jakarta Sawah Besar Dua. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji validitas, reliabilitas, asumsi klasik, dan regresi berganda untuk dapat menentukan keputusan atas hipotesis yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel attitude towards electronic tax system, pelayanan fiskus, dan penerapan e-system pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian ini hanya dilakukan di KPP Pratama Jakarta Sawah Besar Dua dengan jangka waktu tertentu dan tidak memperhitungkan variabel lain yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi.
DAMPAK BELANJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI INKLUSIF DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Arrfah Apri Prayoga , Syafri Syafri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya rata-rata pertumbuhan PDRB (Produk Domestik Regional Bruto) di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah dalam satu dekade terakhir, namun provinsi tersebut memiliki tingkat kemiskinan yang tinggi. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis inklusifitas pembangunan ekonomi dan faktor penentunya dari aspek intervensi pemerintah berupa belanja pemerintah daerah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan FEM (fixed effect model) dari 10 kabupaten/kota di Sulawesi Tengah pada kurun waktu tahun 2011 sampai 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belanja fungsi perumahan dan fasilitas umum serta belanja fungsi kesehatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif, sedangkan belanja fungsi pendidikan dan perlindungan sosial berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif
ScholarOne - Unlocking Cognitive Patterns: A Comparative Exploration of Linear and Deep Dimensionality Reduction Approaches in clusterizing Student Cognitive Profiles.
Authors: Orsoni Matteo , Giovagnoli Sara , Garofalo Sara , Mazzoni Noemi , Spinoso Matilde , Benassi Mariagrazia
Published: March 2024

Cognitive profiling plays a crucial role in understanding learning
dynamics, it contributes significantly to the development of students’
metacognitive skills and awareness of the learning process, thereby
facilitating the adoption of tailored learning experiences. Clustering,
proves effective in cognitive profiling. However, the challenge of the
“curse of dimensionality” introduces complexities that can impact the
accuracy of cluster subject attribution. This paper investigates the
evaluation of various cluster internal validation metrics and cluster
stability using a dataset of 1626 participants comprising 54 items
across six cognitive domains from the digital assessment tool, PROFFILO.
We employ three clustering procedures—K-means, Gaussian Mixture
Models, and Fuzzy-C Means—on raw data and apply linear (Principal
Component Analysis) or non-linear (Variational Autoencoders), or a
combination of PCA and VAE dimensionality reduction techniques. Results
indicate that, for high-dimensional cognitive domains, a combination of
PCA and VAE yields superior clustering quality. Conversely, in less
high-dimensional domains, the VAE outperforms the PCA approach. In
summary, the application of dimensionality reduction techniques
demonstrates promising outcomes in student cognitive profiling,
especially for data characterized by high dimensionality and
heterogeneity. These findings have practical implications for advancing
personalized learning experiences and enhancing our understanding of the
intricate relationships within students’ cognitive domains.
ScholarOne - Social Rigidity Across and Within Generations: A Predictive Approach
Authors: Zheng Haowen , Cheng Siwei
Published: March 2024

How well can individuals’ parental background and previous life
experiences predict their mid-life Socio-Economic Status (SES)
attainment? This question is central to stratification research, as a
strong power of earlier experiences in predicting later-life outcomes
signals substantial intra- or intergenerational status persistence, or
put simply, social rigidity. Running machine learning models on panel
data to predict outcomes that include hourly wage, total income, family
income, and occupational status, we find that a large number (around
4,000) of predictors commonly used in the stratification literature
improves the prediction of one’s life chances in middle to late
adulthood by about 10 to 50 percent, compared with a null model that
uses a simple mean of the outcome variable. The level of predictability
depends on the specific outcome being analyzed, with labor market
indicators like wages and occupational prestige being more predictable
than broader socioeconomic measures such as overall personal and family
income. Grouping a comprehensive list of predictors into four unique
sets that cover family background, childhood and adolescence
development, early labor market experiences, and early adulthood family
formation, we find that including income, employment status, and
occupational characteristics at early career significantly improves
models’ prediction accuracy for mid-life SES attainment. Further, we
illustrate the application of predictive models to examine sources of
between-group disparity by life stages. Using the Black-white difference
as the example, we find that racial differences in early labor market
experiences are the most critical in explaining racial inequality in
mid-life SES attainment, especially for low-income individuals.
Dimensional Affective Sensitivity to Hormones across the Menstrual Cycle (DASH-MC): A Transdiagnostic Framework for Ovarian Steroid Influences on Psychopathology
Authors: Peters Jessica R , Schmalenberger Katja M. , Eng Ashley Gar-Yu , Stumper Allison , Martel Michelle M , Eisenlohr-Moul Tory A.
Published: March 2024

Fluctuations in progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) across the menstrual cycle can exert direct effects on biological systems implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders and represent a key biological source of variability in affective, cognitive, and behavioral disorders. Although these cyclical symptoms are most readily identified when they occur exclusively in relation to the cycle, as in DSM-5 premenstrual dysphoric disorder, changes of similar magnitude occur in a larger proportion of patients with ongoing psychiatric disorders. Studies investigating cyclical regulation of brain and behavior often produce inconsistent or conflicting results, which may be attributed to a lack of focus on specific hormonal events and individual differences in related sensitivities. We propose a transdiagnostic Dimensional Affective Sensitivity to Hormones across the Menstrual Cycle (DASH-MC) framework, postulating that altered neural responses to several key hormonal events provoke specific temporal patterns of affective and behavioral change across the menstrual cycle. We review prospective and experimental evidence providing initial support for these dimensions. These patterns include 1) midluteal-onset negative affect caused by a sensitivity to E2 or P4 surges (mediated by neuroactive metabolites such as allopregnanolone), typified by irritability and hyperarousal; 2) perimenstrual-onset negative affect caused by a sensitivity to low or falling E2, typified by low mood and cognitive dysfunction; and 3) preovulatory-onset positive affect dysregulation caused by a sensitivity to E2 surges, typified by harmful substance use and other risky reward-seeking. This multidimensional, transdiagnostic framework for hormone sensitivity can inform a more precise generation of research on ovarian steroid regulation of psychopathology, including further mechanistic research, comparisons across reproductive transitions, diagnostic refinement, and precision psychiatry treatment development. Additionally, given the high rates of hormone sensitivity across affective disorders, the DASH-MC may guide the generation of broader insights into the complex neurobiological vulnerabilities driving female-biased affective risk, as well as the general mechanisms of affective state change in psychiatric disorders.
Attributions toward Artificial Agents in a modified Moral Turing Test
Authors: Aharoni Eyal , Fernandes Sharlene , Brady Daniel John , Alexander Caelan , criner michael , Queen Kara , Rando Javier , Nahmias Eddy , Crespo Victor
Published: March 2024

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) raise important questions about whether people view moral evaluations by AI systems similarly to human-generated moral evaluations. We conducted a modified Moral Turing Test (m-MTT), inspired by Allen and colleagues’ (2000) proposal, by asking people to distinguish real human moral evaluations from those made by a popular advanced AI language model: GPT-4. A representative sample of 299 U.S. adults first rated the quality of moral evaluations when blinded to their source. Remarkably, they rated the AI's moral reasoning as superior in quality to humans’ along almost all dimensions, including virtuousness, intelligence, and trustworthiness, consistent with passing what Allen and colleagues call the comparative MTT. Next, when tasked with identifying the source of each evaluation (human or computer), people performed significantly above chance levels. Although the AI did not pass this test, this was not because of its inferior moral reasoning but, potentially, its perceived superiority, among other possible explanations. The emergence of language models capable of producing moral responses perceived as superior in quality to humans’ raises concerns that people may uncritically accept potentially harmful moral guidance from AI. This possibility highlights the need for safeguards around generative language models in matters of morality.
Effects of teleworkers’ perceptions of superiors’ power and trust on their working behaviour: An application of the Slippery Slope Model
Authors: Wahl Ingrid , Brugger Manuel , Walenta Christa
Published: March 2024

According to work and organisational psychology, both power ofsuperiors and trust in superiors increase compliance. Summarising these resultsin a straightforward way, the slippery slope model additionally distinguishesbetween enforced and voluntary compliance. The model’s assumptions weretested with an experimental vignette and an online questionnaire in the field ofteleworking. The vignette study revealed an interaction effect, showingvoluntary compliance to be lowest and enforced compliance to be highest inthe condition with powerful and untrustworthy superiors. Data from thequestionnaire study showed power of superiors to be positively linked toenforced compliance, and trust in superiors to be positively linked to voluntarycompliance and negatively linked to enforced compliance. In both studies,voluntary and enforced compliance mediate the relation of power and trust withcounterproductive work behaviour. Results suggest that fostering trust is morepromising than showing power, which could be a guiding principle in everydaymanagement.
Needs for Security and Certainty Relate Differently to Support for Universal Basic Income Versus Other Social Safety Net Programs Across European Nations
Authors: Federico Christopher , Barrett Caitlyn N.
Published: March 2024

Needs for security and certainty (NSC) vary in their relationship with economic preferences as a function of political engagement. Among those low in engagement, NSC is directly related to left-leaning economic preferences, since social welfare can be regarded as insurance. Among those high in engagement, NSC predicts right-wing economic preferences, since engaged individuals high in NSC take cues from right-leaning elites suggesting that support for redistribution is inconsistent with conservative political identities. Examining comparative European public opinion, we argue that this ‘reversal’ is less applicable to universal basic income (UBI), since the latter is an unconditional benefit that detaches welfare provision from specific situations of risk (e.g., unemployment insurance). This should shift individuals to think of provision in terms of moral hazard (e.g., work avoidance) in the context of UBI. Using Round 8 of the European Social Survey, we test and find support for several hypotheses based on this argument.
Behavioral Factors Influencing Investment Decision of Individual Investor at Nepalese Stock Market
Authors: Shrestha Purna Man
Published: March 2024

The investment decision of individual investor is influenced by macro/micro economic and behavioral factors. Interest rate, economic growth, inflation, government policy, technological developments, etc., are the macro-economic factors, and firm size, book-to-market equity, cash flow yield, earnings yield, and dividend yield, etc. are the micro-economic factors whereas accounting information, advocate suggestion, personal financial needs, social relevance, self-image/firm-image coincidence, etc. are the behavioral factor. This paper has analyzed the perception of investor on the selected behavioral factors that makes influence on individual investor's investment decisions at Nepalese stock market. Using the structured survey questionnaire, this study concludes that behavioral factors have significant influence on investment decision of individual investor. This study revealed that to get rich quickly, reputation of the firm, feelings for a firm’s products and services, and firm status in industry are the major influencing Self–image/Firm-image factor. On the other hand, friend or coworker's recommendations, family member opinion, and broker recommendation are the most significant influencing Advocate Recommendation factors. Similarly, return maximizing, stock marketability, ease of obtaining borrowed funds, and expected dividends are the major Personal Financial Needs factors, and past trends of stock, information of dividend, price level of other stock, and information of the stock market are the major Market Information factors for influencing investment decision of individual investor at Nepalese stock market.
Conceptual Understanding of Ethnicity in Nepal: Exploring Primordial and Constructivist Approach
Authors: Ghimire Bidhya Jyoti
Published: March 2024

This paper critically analyzes the primordial and constructivist approaches to understanding ethnicity in Nepal and examines how intersectionality, hybridity, power dynamics, and agency shape ethnic identity construction. The study draws on diverse perspectives and scholarly literature to explore the complexities of ethnicity in Nepalese society. The findings reveal the interplay of primordial factors, such as shared ancestry and kinship, with constructivist factors, including social construction and fluidity, in shaping ethnic identity formation. The analysis also highlights the significance of intersectionality, where gender, caste, class, and ethnicity intersect, in influencing ethnic identity construction. Additionally, the study emphasizes the role of hybridity, power dynamics, and agency in shaping and contesting ethnic identities. The implications of these dynamics for marginalized ethnic communities are discussed, focusing on their challenges in challenging dominant narratives and advocating for their rights. The research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of ethnicity in Nepal and informs future research, policy considerations, and interventions related to ethnicity and identity.
Microstructural Evolution in a Ni- Based Superalloy for Power Plant Applications as a Consequence of High Temperature Degradation and Rejuvenation Heat Treatments
Authors: Yao Z. , Jepson M. A. E. , Thomson R. C. , Degnan C. C.
Published: March 2024

The microstructural evolution of the Ni-based superalloy CMSX-4 including the change in gamma prime size and distribution and the degree of rafting has been examined in detail using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after high temperature degradation and rejuvenation heat treatments. The relationship between the microstructure, mechanical properties and the applied heat treatment procedures has been investigated. It is shown that there are significant differences in the rafting behaviour, the size of the ‘channels’ between the gamma prime particles, the degree of rafting and the size of the tertiary gamma prime particles in each of the different microstructural conditions studied. Chemical segregation investigations were carried out to establish the cause of reduced mechanical properties of the rejuvenated sample after high temperature degradation compared to an as-received sample after the same degradation procedure. The results indicate that although the microstructure of as-received and rejuvenated samples were similar, the chemical segregation was more pronounced in the rejuvenated samples, suggesting that chemical segregation from partitioning of the elements during rejuvenation was not completely eliminated. The aim of this research is to provide greater understanding of the suitability of rejuvenation heat treatments and their role in the extension of component life in power plant applications.
Oto- Sosyo-Biyografik Bir Roman Olan Seneler ile Otobiyografik Bir Roman Okul Arkadaşım’ı Karşılaştırma Denemesi
Authors: SOMUNCUOĞLU ÖZOT Gamze
Published: March 2024

2022 Nobel edebiyat ödülünü almaya hak kazanan Annie Ernaux, yapıtları ile edebiyat dünyasının son zamanlarda üzerinde sıkça konuştuğu yeni bir teknik olan ve kolektif biyografi, total roman, oto-sosyo-biyografi gibi isimlendirmelerle anılan yeni bir türü yazın dünyasına armağan etmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Seneler isimli yapıt ve bu yapıtta yazarın öz yaşam öyküsünü sarıp sarmalayan onu daha nesnel bir söylemle anlatma derecesine ulaştıran tarih/gündelik hayat tarihi anlatımının Türk Edebiyatı’nın önemli kalemlerinden Melisa Gürpınar’ın söylemine benzerliği üzerine düşünceler ortaya konulacaktır. Oto-sosyo-biyografi, yapısı gereği içinde tarih ve gündelik hayat tarihini barındırmaktadır. 2021 yılında yayımlanan Ekoeleştirel Yaklaşımdan Kültürel Bellek Sorgulamasına Melisa Gürpınar Metinleri başlıklı çalışmada da ortaya konulduğu üzere Melisa Gürpınar’ın yapıtlarında dikkat çeken önemli unsurların başında kültürel belleğin zayıflaması, kültür unsurlarının unutulması, çiçek ve ağaç türlerinin isimlerinin hatırlanmaması, kutlamaların, yemek isimlerinin kaybolması gibi konular ve bundan duyulan rahatsızlık yer almaktadır. Seneler isimli yapıtta da yer alan bu unutma, anımsayamama endişesi, gündelik hayatın akışını olabildiğince saydam bir şekilde, olduğu gibi anlatıp yazıyla ölümsüzleştirme çabası, Gürpınar’ın Okul Arkadaşım adlı yapıtındaki yaklaşımına benzemektedir. Neredeyse aynı yıllarda farklı kültür ve coğrafyalarda doğmuş (Ernaux- 1940, Gürpınar- 1941) bu iki kadın yazarın kolektif olanı korumaya alma noktasındaki tavrı benzerdir.
Yozlaşma Karşısında Bireyin Çığlığı: Kürk Mantolu Madonna
Authors: TAN Murat
Published: March 2024

20. yüzyılda sosyal, kültürel, düşünsel ve bilimsel alanda yaşanan değişimler ve ilerlemeler dikkatleri bireye yöneltmiştir. Söz konusu değişim ve ilerlemeler, çevre-birey ilişkisi bağlamında birey aleyhinde trajik sonuçlar ortaya çıkardığı gibi birey olgusunun birçok açıdan önem kazanmasını da beraberinde getirir. Bu yeni durum, insanla yakın ilişkisinden dolayı edebî alanda da yansımasını bulur. Sabahattin Ali’nin Kürk Mantolu Madonna adlı romanı bahsedilen konjüktürel durumla ilişkisi bağlamında Türk Edebiyatı açısından öncü bir romandır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu romanın, edebî bir metin olarak dayandığı dünya görüşünü hangi çerçevede yansıttığını ve yazarın bunu nasıl bir kurgusal yapıya dayandırdığını ortaya koyup değerlendirmektir. Romanda yazarın gerçekçilik ve romantizme dayalı sanatsal tavrının belirlediği kurgusal öğeler, başkişi Raif’in yaşamı üzerinden ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada, savaşların ve toplumsal değişimlerin yol açtığı yozlaşmanın evrensel, ulusal ve bireysel boyuttaki etkilerine dikkat çekilmiştir. Yanı sıra roman kurgusunda, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Almanya’nın ve yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet’in yaşadığı değişimin bireyle ilişkili yansımaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Özellikle bir birey olarak Raif’in durumunun anlaşılması için Carl Gustav Jung’un geliştirdiği Analitik Psikoloji’nin bulgularından yararlanılmıştır. Sabahattin Ali, Kürk Mantolu Madonna’da yozlaşma karşısında bireyin savunmasız durumunu öncelemiş ve onun doğuştan getirdiği özelliklerin yozlaşan çevrede nasıl bir değişime uğradığını ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır.
Formation of the Future Tourism Specialists’ Cultural Experience in the Conditions of the Digital Society
Authors: Bohatyriova Halina , Basiuk Liubov , Kalashnyk Maryna
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The integration of Ukraine into the international tourism space requires the training of future specialists in the field of tourism who are ready to work in the conditions of a digital society on the basis of intercultural dialogue. In this context, the problem of forming their cultural experience on the ground of intercultural communicative interaction with observance of network principles is actualized. The purpose of the article is to study new forms of culture of the electronic type, to analyse the possibilities of introducing digital technologies in the process of forming the cultural experience of future specialists in the sphere of tourism. Research methods were used to achieve the defined goal: system-structural method; abstract-logical; statistical methods; modelling method. Results. Deep structural transformations in the tourism industry are accelerating the pace of transformations of individual and collective cultural practices in which computer visualization is used. It is about the introduction of innovative forms of digital transformation, new Internet technologies, and the construction of cultural practices of spatial mobility into the process of forming the future tourism specialists` cultural experience. Cultural experience involves the creation of effective ways of interacting with the audience using digital means and the implementation of them in the process of professional training. As a result, the hierarchy of values of modern travel in virtual space is changing; new configurations of tourism with elements of digital culture are being formed. The personalization of tourist behaviour models for future specialists in the field of tourism is realized thanks to electronic resources, elements of remote technologies, multimedia equipment that function in the educational environment (MOODLE). Conclusions. The formation of the future tourism specialists` cultural experience in the conditions of the digital society takes place under the conditions of virtual reality of the 21st century, which changes the models of tourist behaviour, makes corrections in individual and collective cultural tourism practices.
The Figure of Jan Czochralski as an Example of a Scientist, Teacher and Patriot for the Youth of Today to Imitate (1885 – 1953)
Authors: Yankovych Oleksandra , Verbets Vladyslav
Published: March 2024

The article analyses the life path and activities of the world-recognized Polish scientist, inventor, metallurgist, patron and philanthropist, writer, professor of the Warsaw Polytechnic Jan Czochralski (1885 - 1953). He is considered one of the four most famous and most cited Polish scientists who influenced the development of civilization. In terms of the greatness and significance of his scientific achievements, he is placed in the same row as the world-famous Poles M. Copernicus, M. Skłodowska-Curie, I. Łukasiewicz, who not only glorified Poland, but also changed the world. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the main milestones of J. Czochralski's creative activity and the role of his scientific achievements. Research methods. Theoretical methods were used as synthesis analysis, systematization, comparison, classification, generalization. The results. The life path, the main stages of Jan Czochralski's activity against the background of historical events of the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries are revealed. The trials that the scientist underwent, unjust accusations of helping the Third Reich, and the reasons for his persecution are shown (he was fully rehabilitated only in 2011). Patriotism, hard work, perseverance, humanism, which contributed to successful teaching activities are emphasized as the personal qualities of Jan Czochralski. The most important achievements of the outstanding Polish scientist are analysed: the method of growing silicon single crystals, which are used in modern electronic and digital technology, in solar energy, and in jewellery; the discovery of alloys for railway bearings (known as B-metal); the invention of the radio microscope as the predecessor of the modern atomic force microscope, the enrichment of research tools. Jan Czochralski is a scientist, inventor, metallurgist, and philanthropist. He started processes that we now interpret as technology transfer. He is an author of poetry collections and manuals, a university professor who created a new image of a teacher, an entrepreneur and a person who believed in family values. He was a comprehensively developed personality who combined intellectual achievements and aesthetics, spiritual and moral qualities and hard work. Conclusions. The expediency of wider popularization of the figure of J. Czochralski in modern educational institutions as a comprehensively developed personality, as a model for younger generations to follow is shown.