bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Organızatıonal Culture Levels Perceıved By Sports Facılıty Employees In Local And Prıvate Sectors On Job Satısfactıon
Authors: AYYILDIZ Erdem , ŞAHIN Mustafa Yasar
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the organizational culture perceptions and job satisfaction levels of sports facility employees in different sectors, to compare them in terms of demographic variables and to determine the relationship between them. 303 people working in private sports enterprises and sports facilities belonging to local governments on the Anatolian side of Istanbul participated in the study, which was a relational screening model. As data collection tools, the Job Satisfaction Scale developed by Spector (1985) and adapted into Turkish by Meydan and Basım (2010) and the Organizational Culture Scale developed by Ogbonna & Haris (2000) and adapted into Turkish by Karadeniz (2010) were used. Frequency and percentage distributions, t-test for paired groups, OneWay-ANOVA analyzes for multiple groups and Pearson Correlation analysis were used as statistical methods in evaluating the research data. In cases where the variances were not homogeneous, the Kruskal Wallis test was calculated. As a result, it was determined that the competitive and innovative culture sub-dimensions, in which the participants had a high level of organizational culture perception, were more evident. It was determined that job satisfaction levels were at medium level. As a result of the correlation analysis, a moderate positive relationship was found between organizational culture and job satisfaction. The highest relationship between job satisfaction and organizational culture sub-dimensions is in the competitive culture sub-dimension. When the findings obtained from the research were examined in terms of demographic variables, the organizational culture of the participants who were married, were in a managerial position, had low years of service, worked in the local sector, and had 3 workplaces was found to be high. According to the scores obtained on the job satisfaction scale, it is seen that the participants who are married, in a managerial position and in their local sector are higher.
Training Management Styles in Physical Education and Sports
Authors: TURGUT Ahmet , HAZAR Muhsin
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to discover a theoretical structure that expresses the styles in which coaches manage their training in Turkey. For this purpose, the research was carried out using the Grounded Theory Research model. The number of participants was determined by the theoretical sampling method. In order to ensure the theoretical saturation of the categories, the research was completed with 11 coaches. “Semi-Structured Interview Questionnaire” developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool in the study. Categories were discovered by analyzing the data with ‘open, selective, and theoretical coding’ processes. As a result of the research, the theoretical structure of Training Management Styles in Physical Education and Sports consisting of the core categories of Contemporary, Situational, Liberal, Authoritarian, and Planned Training Management was discovered.
Моделирование нелинейных крутильных колебаний усеченного конического стержня
Authors: Khudoynazarov Kh Kh
Published: March 2024

Разработана нелинейная математическая модель нестационарных крутильных колебаний усеченного конического стержня из упругого материала с учетом нелинейной связи между напряжениями и деформациями.
Выведено нелинейное уравнение для крутильных колебаний усеченного конического стержня относительно главной части крутильного перемещения оси симметрии стержня.
Показано, что полученное уравнение нелинейных крутильных колебаний усеченного конического упругого стрежня в частных случаях совпадает с известными уравнениями, полученными другими авторами.
С помощью полученного уравнения можно однозначно определить напряженно-деформированное состояние произвольного сечения конического стержня по пространственной координате и времени.
На основе построенной модели численно решена задача о нестационарных крутильных колебаниях усеченного конического стержня при действии торцевой и поверхностной динамических нагрузок в условиях, когда широкий конец стержня жестко заделан, а узкий является свободным.
Численное моделирование взаимодействия деформируемого газопроницаемого фрагмента гранулированного слоя с ударной волной в трехмерной постановке
Authors: Glazova Elena Gennad'evna , Kochetkov A V , Lisitsyn Artem Alexandrovich , Modin Ivan Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2024

Разработанная авторами ранее численная методика решения трехмерных задач динамического взаимодействия деформируемых тел и сред в эйлеровых переменных на базе схемы Годунова повышенной точности применяется для решения задач взаимодействия деформируемого газопроницаемого фрагмента гранулированного слоя с ударными волнами.
Моделирование основано на базе единого модифицированного разностного метода Годунова как для расчета движения газа, так и для расчета динамического деформирования упругопластических элементов проницаемого гранулированного слоя.
Повышение точности достигается путем сближения областей влияния разностной и дифференциальной задач.
Предполагается, что песчаный гранулированный слой состоит из совокупности одинаковых шаровых деформируемых кварцевых частиц, представляющей собой кубическую упаковку.
Пространство между частицами заполнено сжимаемой газовой средой (воздухом).
Выделяется симметричный элемент упаковки в виде последовательности шаровых частиц.
Для демонстрации численной методики предполагается, что многослойная гранулированная среда в направлении распространения плоской ударной волны состоит из трех слоев частиц в канале квадратного сечения с жесткими стенками.
Исследование проводится по методике с явным выделением подвижных лагранжевых контактных поверхностей с использованием многосеточных алгоритмов.
Приводятся результаты численных исследований процесса распространения ударной волны в гранулированном слое с учетом движения его деформируемых элементов.
Показано, что для заданных параметров задачи влияние деформационных процессов незначительно.
Проходящая через слой ударная волна формирует за преградой газодинамическое течение, близкое к одномерному.
Соответствие результатов численного решения известным экспериментальным результатам по параметрам проходящей через слой ударной волны свидетельствует об адекватности применяемых математических и численных моделей.
Математическое моделирования зарождения солнечных пятен на фотосферном уровне Солнца
Authors: Romanov Dmitriy V , Romanov Konstantin V. , Romanov Valeriy A , Stepanov Evgeny A. , Lebedev Anton A.
Published: March 2024

Методом компьютерного моделирования исследуется начальная стадия зарождения группы солнечных пятен на фотосферном уровне Солнца.
Численно моделируется процесс развития нелинейной фазы неустойчивости Паркера крупномасштабных колебаний магнитных полей в средних слоях конвективной зоны.
Исследуется процесс адиабатического охлаждения тонкой магнитной трубки, всплывающей с глубин порядка 100 000 км к фотосферному уровню.
Результаты расчетов позволяют детально проанализировать изменение магнитогазодинамических параметров трубки на различных глубинах конвективной зоны и получить значения физических параметров зарождающихся солнечных пятен, допускающих сопоставление с данными наблюдений.
Исследуется физический механизм временной задержки формирования головной части активной области по сравнению с формированием распыленной хвостовой части. Также исследуется проблема устойчивости зарождающихся активных областей.
Выделены физические параметры, определяющие устойчивость сформированных активных областей на различных фазах цикла солнечной активности.
Определен физический механизм генерации мощного волнового потока ударных волн в начальной стадии зарождения активной области, вносящий существенный вклад в аномальный разогрев солнечной атмосферы, регистрируемый в наблюдательных данных.
О разрешимости одной начально-граничной задачи для вырождающегося уравнения высокого четного порядка
Authors: Urinov Akhmadzhon Kushakovich , Oripov Dastonbek D.
Published: March 2024

Рассмотрено вырождающееся дифференциальное уравнение в частных производных высокого четного порядка
в прямоугольнике.
Для рассматриваемого уравнения сформулирована одна начально-граничная задача и исследованы единственность, существование и устойчивость ее решения.
Единственность решения задачи доказана методом интегральных тождеств.
Существование решения задачи исследовано методом разделения переменных.
Здесь сначала исследована спектральная задача для обыкновенного дифференциального уравнения высокого четного порядка, вытекающая из поставленной задачи при разделении переменных.
Построена функция Грина спектральной задачи.
С еe помощью спектральная задача эквивалентно сведена к интегральному уравнению Фредгольма второго рода с симметричным ядром.
Отсюда на основании теории интегральных уравнений заключено, что существует счетное число собственных значений и собственных функций спектральной задачи.
Найдены условия, при которых заданная функция разлагается в равномерно сходящийся ряд Фурье по собственным функциям спектральной задачи.
C использованием свойств функции Грина и собственных функций спектральной задачи доказана лемма о равномерной сходимости некоторых билинейных рядов.
Доказаны также леммы о порядке коэффициентов Фурье заданной функции.
Решение изучаемой задачи выписано в виде суммы ряда Фурье по системе собственных функций спектральной задачи.
Равномерная сходимость этого ряда и рядов, полученных из него почленным дифференцированием, доказана с помощью лемм, перечисленных выше.
В конце статьи получены две оценки для решения поставленной задачи, одна из которых - в пространстве квадратично суммируемых функций с весом, а другая - в пространстве непрерывных функций.
Из этих неравенств следует устойчивость решения в соответствующих пространствах.
Способ определения параметров электрического сигнала для управления вынужденными установившимися колебаниями электровязкоупругих тел. Математические соотношения
Authors: Sevodina Natalya Vitalyevna , Iurlova Natalya Alekseevna , Oshmarin Dmitrii Alexandrovich
Published: March 2024

Представлен способ определения величины электрического потенциала, генерирующегося на электродированной поверхности пьезоэлемента, который является частью кусочно-однородной электровязкоупругой конструкции, необходимого для формирования управляющего воздействия при активном управлении ее динамическим поведением в режиме вынужденных установившихся колебаний с целью минимизации амплитуды колебаний на выбранной резонансной частоте. Путем математических преобразований уравнений, описывающих собственные и вынужденные колебания таких электровязкоупругих тел, выведены соотношения, выражающие связь между величинами смещения узлов и электрического потенциала на электродированной поверхности пьезоэлемента. Данные формулы позволяют определить величину потенциала, который необходимо подать на пьезоэлемент для того, чтобы наилучшим образом демпфировать заданную моду колебаний конструкции. В результате численных экспериментов c использованием пакета прикладных программ конечно-элементного анализа ANSYS подтверждена возможность использования результатов решения задачи о собственных колебаниях для поиска оптимальной величины потенциала, характеризующего управляющее электрическое воздействие, направленное на демпфирование заданных мод в режиме вынужденных установившихся колебаний. Эффективность применения полученных аналитических зависимостей продемонстрирована на примере консольно защемленной вязкоупругой пластинки с расположенным на ее поверхности пьезоэлементом. Предложенный подход позволяет существенно сократить временные и ресурсные затраты при математическом моделировании активного управления вынужденными установившимися колебаниями электровязкоупругих тел, определить требования к аппаратной реализации актуаторов и контроллеров блока управления такого рода smart-систем.
Обратная задача для уравнения смешанного параболо-гиперболического типа с характеристической линией изменения
Authors: Durdiev Durdimurod Kalandarovich
Published: March 2024

Изучены прямая и обратная задачи для модельного уравнения смешанного параболо-гиперболического типа. В прямой задаче рассмотрен аналог задачи Трикоми для этого уравнения с характеристической линией изменения типа. Неизвестным обратной задачи является переменный коэффициент при младшем члене параболического уравнения. Для его определения относительно решения, определяемого в параболической части области, задается интегральное условие переопределения. Доказаны локальные теоремы однозначной разрешимости поставленных задач в смысле классического решения.
Оценка вероятности столкновения разноразмерных частиц порошков при формировании композиционных покрытий детонационным способом
Authors: Ganigin Sergey Yur'evich , Grechukhina Maria Sergeevna , Nechaev Alexander Sergeevich
Published: March 2024

Представлены результаты оценки вероятности столкновения разноразмерных частиц материалов при получении композиционных покрытий детонационным способом на кумулятивные облицовки перфорационных систем, использующихся при вскрытии нефтяных и газовых пластов.
Вследствие разных свойств исходных металлических порошков, используемых для получения композиционных покрытий, взаимодействие их частиц между собой в газотермическом потоке может привести к преждевременному протеканию химических реакций, что приведет к снижению эффективности получаемого покрытия.
Предварительный расчет вероятности столкновения частиц металлических порошков позволяет обосновать применяемые технологические режимы нанесения покрытий.
Deep Learning-Based Optical Music Recognition for Semantic Representation of Non-overlap and Overlap Music Notes
Authors: Abdulazeez Rana L. , Alizadeh Fattah
Published: March 2024

In the technology era, the process of teaching a computer to interpret musical notation is termed optical music recognition (OMR). It aims to convert musical note sheets presented in an image into a computer-readable format. Recently, the sequence-to-sequence model along with the attention mechanism (which is used in text and handwritten recognition) has been used in music notes recognition. However, due to the gradual disappearance of excessively long sequences of musical sheets, the mentioned OMR models which consist of long short-term memory are facing difficulties in learning the relationships among the musical notations. Consequently, a new framework has been proposed, leveraging the image segmentation technique to break up the procedure into several steps. In addition, an overlap problem in OMR has been addressed in this study. Overlapping can result in misinterpretation of music notations, producing inaccurate findings. Thus, a novel algorithm is being suggested to detect and segment the notations that are extremely close to each other. Our experiments are based on the usage of the Convolutional Neural Network block as a feature extractor from the image of the musical sheet and the sequence-to-sequence model to retrieve the corresponding semantic representation. The proposed approach is evaluated on The Printed Images of Music Staves dataset. The achieved results confirm that our suggested framework successfully solves the problem of long sequence music sheets, obtaining SER 0% for the non-overlap symbols in the best scenario. Furthermore, our approach has shown promising results in addressing the overlapping problem: 23.12 % SER for overlapping symbols.
The Potential Role of Melatonin on Memory Function: Lessons from Rodent Studies
Authors: Zakaria Rahimah , Ahmad A. H. , Othman Z.
Published: March 2024

Pineal melatonin biosynthesis is regulated by the circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Melatonin has been found to modulate the learning and memory process in human as well as in animals. Endogenous melatonin modulates the process of newly acquired information into long-term memory, while melatonin treatment has been found to reduce memory deficits in elderly people and in various animal models. However, the mechanisms mediating the enhancing effect of melatonin on memory remain elusive. This review intends to explore the possible mechanisms by looking at previous data on the effects of melatonin treatment on memory performance in rodents.
IDH1/2 Mutation and MGMT Promoter Methylation – the Relevant Survival Predictors in Czech Patients with Brain Gliomas
Authors: Kramář Filip , Minárik M. , Benešová L. , Halková T. , Netuka D. , Bradáč O. , Beneš V.
Published: March 2024

Gliomas are a heterogeneous group of tumours varying in prognosis, treatment approach, and overall survival. Recently, novel markers have been identified which are linked to patient prognosis and therapeutic response. Especially the mutation of the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2) gene and the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status seem to be the most important predictors of survival. From 2012 to 2015, 94 Czech patients with primary brain tumours were enrolled into the study. The IDH1/2 mutation was detected by denaturing capillary electrophoresis. The methylation status of the MGMT gene and other 46 genes was revealed by MS-MLPA. In all 94 patients, the clinical data were correlated with molecular markers by Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression model. The MGMT promoter methylation status was established and compared to clinical data. In our study eight different probes were used to elucidate the MGMT methylation status; hypermethylation was proclaimed if four and more probes were positive. This 3 : 5 ratio was tested and confirmed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox analyses. The study confirmed the importance of the IDH1/2 mutation and hypermethylation of the MGMT gene promoter being present in tumour tissue. Both markers are independent positive survival predictors; in the Cox model the IDH hazard ratio was 0.10 and in the case of MGMT methylation it reached 0.32. The methylation analysis of the panel of additional 46 genes did not reveal any other significant epigenetic markers; none of the candidate genes have been confirmed in the Cox regression analyses as an independent prognostic factor.
Apoptosis in Endomyocardial Biopsies from Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Glumac Sofija , Pejić S. , Kostadinovic S. , Stojšić Z. , Vasiljevic J.
Published: March 2024

Apoptosis is an active energy-consuming mechanism of cell death, which may contribute to heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a common clinical outcome of many prolonged cardiac insults, and therefore is considered as the most prevalent form of cardiomyopathy. Loss of heart mass is highly correlated with the heart failure and mortality, thus the purpose of this study was to define the apoptotic index in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL method in 30 patients. Biopsies were obtained from the left ventricle, and at least three specimens were taken. TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes were found in 26 of 30 cases (86.7 %) and the mean apoptotic index for the entire specimen series was 5.41 ± 1.70 %. The analysis showed that patients with dilated cardiomyopathy had significantly higher apoptotic index (P < 0.001) than healthy subjects. One subject (man, 41 years old) had a markedly elevated apoptotic index of 52.2 %. In the remaining subjects, the percentage of cardiomyocyte death ranged from 0 % to 15.5 %. The high percentage of apoptosis found in our study may be in accordance with the clinically manifested cardiac failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy since in most patients we recorded the left ventricular ejection fraction values below 30 %.
Age-Related (Aged vs. Adult) Comparison of the Effect of Two Mild Stressors on the Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the Rat Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus (SON) – Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Badowska-Szalewska Ewa , Ludkiewicz B. , Krawczyk R. , Moryś J.
Published: March 2024

The ontogenetic period of life and stress can have different effects on the nerve growth factor (NGF) in the hypothalamus. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of two mild stressors, acute and chronic exposure to forced swim (FS) or high-light open field (HL-OF), on neurons containing NGF. Immunofluorescence staining was used to reveal the density of NGF-immunoreactive (ir) cells in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) in adult (postnatal day 90; P90) and aged (P720) rats. The P90 and P720 rats that were subjected to acute and chronic FS showed no differences in the density of NGF-ir neurons in the SON compared with nonstressed rats. However, a significant increase in NGF-ir cells was noted after acute but not after chronic HL-OF only in P90 rats. What is more, there were no age-related (P90 vs. P720) changes in the density of NGF-ir neurons in non-stressed and FS- or HL-OF-stressed rats. Our results indicate that acute HL-OF was the only factor inducing changes in the density of NGF-ir neurons in the SON of adult rats. This could be related to the neuroprotective role of NGF-ir cells in response to acute HL-OF. The absence of age-dependent changes in the density of NGF-ir neurons may indicate that the ageing processes in SON do not generate changes in the NGF immunoreactivity of its neurons.
Exploring and explaining variation in phrase-final f0 movements in spontaneous Papuan Malay
Authors: Kaland Constantijn , Grice Martine
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the variation in phrase-final f0 movements found in dyadic unscripted conversations in Papuan Malay, an Eastern Indonesian language. This is done by a novel combination of exploratory and confirmatory classification techniques. In particular, this study investigates the linguistic factors that potentially drive f0 contour variation in phrase-final words produced in a naturalistic interactive dialogue task. To this end, a cluster analysis, manual labelling and random forest analysis are carried out to reveal the main sources of contour variation. These are: taking conversational interaction into account; turn transition, topic continuation, information structure (givenness and contrast), and context-independent properties of words such as word class, syllable structure, voicing and intrinsic f0. Results indicate that contour variation in Papuan Malay, in particular f0 direction and target level, is best explained by turn transitions between speakers, corroborating similar findings for related languages. The applied methods provide opportunities to further lower the threshold of incorporating intonation and prosody in the early stages of language documentation.
The role of place and manner of articulation in Kurtöp tonogenesis: refining the model
Authors: Hyslop Gwendolyn , Plane Sarah
Published: March 2024

While the general acoustic mechanisms that explain the development of tone in language have been understood since at least Maspero (1912. Étude Sur La Phonétique Historique de La Langue Annamite: Les Initiales.Bulletin de l’École Française d’Extrême-Orient12. 1–126), we are still far from having a predictive theory of tonogenesis. Kurtöp, a Tibeto-Burman language of Bhutan shown to be undergoing tonogenesis, provides a rare opportunity to advance our understanding of how and why languages develop lexical tone. This study examines the role that sonority and place of articulation have in the spread of tone from voicing contrasts on preceding consonants in Kurtöp. First, we find that tone is more likely to be produced following fricatives than when following stops. Second, we see that within the stops, tone phonologises more readily following some places of articulation over others. Taken as a whole, this shows us that tone is moving through Kurtöp, following the most sonorous segments first and moving to the least sonorous segments. These findings thus help us refine our theory of tonogenesis and show that functional pressures have strong influences in this particular pathway of sound change.
On the analytic extension of the Horn's hypergeometric function $H_4$
Authors: Dmytryshyn R. , Lutsiv I.-A. , Dmytryshyn M.
Published: March 2024

The paper establishes new convergence domains of branched continued fraction expansions of Horn's hypergeometric function $H_4$ with real and complex parameters. These domains enabled the PC method to establish the analytical extension of analytical functions to their expansions in the studied domains of convergence. A few examples are provided at the end to illustrate this.
Comparative growth of an entire function and the integrated counting function of its zeros
Authors: Andrusyak I.V. , Filevych P.V.
Published: March 2024

Let $(\zeta_n)$ be a sequence of complex numbers such that $\zeta_n\to\infty$ as $n\to\infty$, $N(r)$ be the integrated counting function of this sequence, and let $\alpha$ be a positive continuous and increasing to $+\infty$ function on $\mathbb{R}$ for which $\alpha(r)=o(\log (N(r)/\log r))$ as $r\to+\infty$. It is proved that for any set $E\subset(1,+\infty)$ satisfying $\int_{E}r^{\alpha(r)}dr=+\infty$, there exists an entire function $f$ whose zeros are precisely the $\zeta_n$, with multiplicities taken into account, such that the relation $$ \liminf_{r\in E,\ r\to+\infty}\frac{\log\log M(r)}{\log r\log (N(r)/\log r)}=0 $$ holds, where $M(r)$ is the maximum modulus of the function $f$. It is also shown that this relation is best possible in a certain sense.
Generalized Rational Type Contraction and Fixed Point Theorems in Partially Ordered Metric Spaces
Authors: Raji Muhammed , Rathour Laxmi , Mishra Lakshmi N. , Mishra Vishnu N.
Published: March 2024

In this article, we establish the existence and uniqueness of fixed points for rational type contraction mappings in a metric space that is equipped with a partial order. Our results are shown to improve upon previous results in the literature, and we provide illustrative examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10; 54H25.
Research on Industrial Economic Development and Electricity Price Adjustment Strategy Based on Multi-Agent Game
Authors: Cai Qianhui , Han Xue , Wang Wei
Published: March 2024

With the deepening of the electricity market reform and the accelerating transformation of the new power system, the number of new electricity customers in the market with local development characteristics has increased. The local industrial and economic development have been affected by the ability to guide electricity prices. In this paper, using the multi-agent game based on exploring the impact of electricity price on the industrial economy, the specific optimization scheme of electricity price adjustment is proposed with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of the power grid and reducing the cost of electricity for industrial users. After the game, the overall efficiency of the electricity supplier will be increased by about 3.06 percent, and the cost of electricity used by various special industries will be reduced by about 6.86 percent to 4.48 percent. The win-win situation of the electricity suppliers’ income and the featured industries’ development can be achieved by the optimization results. As well as the cost of electricity consumption in featured industries can be reduced, and the comprehensive benefits of electricity suppliers can be improved by using the electricity price adjustment scheme after game interaction, which promotes the rational use of energy and meets the current social requirements for the green and sustainable development of the electricity industry.
Principles of representation of innovative models of piece intelligence in intelligent computer measures for energy systems.
Authors:   Institute of Artificial Intelligence Problems of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, O Stasiuk
Published: March 2024

An analysis of the problem of innovative redesign of distributed energy systems based on the methods of piece intelligence for the intelligentization of fluid technological processes has been carried out. The methodology for representing innovative mathematical models to human intelligence in intelligent computer systems has been proposed. The set of principles for the formation of intelligent mathematical models of advanced intellectual complexity and dimension for. Methods for creating cognitive models and methods for simulating creative activity for identifying and forming new knowledge have been suggested. A number of differential mathematical models and methods for the development, in the field of differential images, of the totality of spectral and correlation analysis of anomalous processes, which are traditionally assigned to the creative class, have been proposed. Bible.8.
From McCulloch to GPT - 4: stages of development of artificial intelligence.
Authors:   Institute Problems of Mathematical Machines and Systems of the NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine, V Yashchenko
Published: March 2024

The article examines the history of the development of artificial intelligence (AI), starting from its first theoretical and practical steps and tracing the evolution to modern achievements. The article provides an overview of the key milestones, scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs made in the field of AI. The most important figures, ideas and principles that influenced its development are also discussed. In the context of this development, various definitions of artificial intelligence are given. There are several key stages in the history of AI: the early stages, the quiet period, the AI renaissance, and the era of AI in the new millennium. Each of these stages made its own unique contribution to the progress of AI. The modern period is characterized by rapid development, especially in the field of machine learning and deep learning. These methods allow artificial intelligence to learn from data and identify complex patterns. Advances in natural language processing, such as models GPT and its modifications, have shown outstanding results. However, despite linguistic advances, GPT remains limited in aspects important to creating strong AI. The article discusses the limitations of modern language models, as well as the prerequisites and prospects for the development of strong artificial intelligence. Special attention is paid to the project of Elon Musk, who, having launched the company X.AI, is engaged in research in the field of creating strong AI with the goal of “knowledge of reality.” The article also proposes an alternative approach to creating strong artificial intelligence - the development of an artificial brain based on a multidimensional multi-connected receptor-effector neuron-like growing network. Some aspects of the emergence of artificial consciousness are also considered.
About defuzzification methods influence on fuzzy traveling salesman problem’s solving
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, K Yushtin , Ye Ivohin ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The article investigates the approach to using fuzzy numbers and the method of dynamic programming to find solutions to the traveling salesman problem, considering the fuzzy representation of time in real travel conditions. This allows for formulating a fuzzy optimization problem to find the best value of the objective function, which is determined by the amount of time required to travel between cities. The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a classic problem of combinatorial optimization, which involves finding the shortest or fastest route among a set of cities. Fuzzy numbers are used to formalize the uncertainty and imprecision of input data, associated with the subjectivity in estimates of the duration of necessary travel intervals. For operating with fuzzy numbers, their transformation into a special form is proposed, and the formalization of the obtained fuzzy results into a crisp representation is carried out based on the center of gravity (CoG) method. A comparison of the results obtained based on solving the deterministic traveling salesman problem using defuzzified time distances and the defuzzification of the solution to the fuzzy traveling salesman problem was conducted. The results confirmed the dependency of the solution on the method of defuzzification. A program was developed that was used to compare the results of the traveling salesman problem using crisp and fuzzy numbers based on the dynamic method. A conclusion is drawn, indicating that the use of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers with the dynamic programming method leads to improved results of the problem compared to using crisp numbers based on the defuzzification of fuzzy distances. Methods of implementation and problematic areas of application of the computation results are presented and analyzed, demonstrating the constructiveness of the proposed approach for studying real processes.
Integration of bionics, digital innovations, and democratic management principles for industrial transformation.
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Ukraine, S. Kovalevskyy , O. Kovalevska ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Ukraine, Yu. Volodchenko ,   IT-Сompany QuartSoft, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

This article explores an innovative and interdisciplinary approach to the integration of bionic principles, digital technologies and democratic governance in the transformation of industrial production in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the adaptation of industrial production to modern requirements of sustainability, efficiency and environmental safety in the context of the Ukrainian economy. The bionic approach involves the integration of natural principles and mechanisms into technological processes, offering a unique perspective for increasing production efficiency and environmental sustainability. The main objectives of this study are to study how a bionic approach, combined with digital technologies and public participation in decision-making, can transform industrial production in Ukraine, making it more sustainable, efficient and environmentally friendly. This includes an analysis of the bionic approach and its potential to improve production efficiency, the role of digital technologies in optimizing production processes, and the impact of democratic governance on creating a fair and transparent economic system in an industrial context. The article provides strategic directions and recommendations that can help Ukraine adapt to global trends and use them for sustainable industrial development and improving the quality of life. The importance of the bionic approach in creating a sustainable and efficient industry is undeniable. The implementation of this approach not only reduces the environmental impact of production, but also stimulates innovative development, opening up new opportunities for the creation of technologies that are environmentally safe and cost-effective. The article also emphasizes the importance of public participation in economic decision-making in the industrial sector. This democratic governance in the economy, the key theme of the article, emphasizes the importance of involving civil society in decision-making processes in the economy, especially in the context of industrial reform.
On usage of the neural network technologies in the it- structure components’ diagnosing.
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine, O. Savchuk , O. Morgal ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The idea of using neural network technologes to prove electrophysical diagnostic methods based on the integral physical effects of IT structure components is considered. It is proposed to transform the received information using a discrete Karhunen-Loeve expansion, which gives the minimum root mean square error of packing a priory vectors in multidimensional space. The use of neural networks: MLP, self-organizing (Kohonen Maps) and RBF in MATLAB environment is verified. The best result for microcircuits was obtained using probabilistic RBF-neural networks. A new neural network approach to diagnostics made it possible to perform individual sorting of elements and ststistical evaluation of the IT structure components batch.
Halotolerant Bacillus Species as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Hyper – Arid Area of Algeria
Authors: BENAİSSA Asmaa , BASSEDDİK Aida , CHEGGA Abdallah , DJEBBAR Réda
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of aerobic halophilic and halotolerant Bacillus (AHHB) Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), producing hydrolytic exo-enzymes and their inoculation effect in on two cowpea plants. Therefore, soil dilution plate technique was performed on Tryptic Soy Agar complemented with a thermal pretreatment to select Bacillus strains associated to Phoenix dactylifera rhizosphere growing in hypersaline and arid soil of Algeria (In Salah, Tamanrasset). The inoculation effect of these strains on cowpea plants growth was assessed based on biometric and physiological parameters. As results, thirteen halophilic, halotolerant and non-halophilic Bacillus strains were isolated. Upon screening, all strains are capable of producing at least two hydrolytic enzymes under saline conditions and most of the strains (n=10/13) showed at least two PGP traits. Strains were identified based on their phenotypic and biochemical characteristics as members of Bacillus genera. The inoculation of these strains in cowpeas had significantly improve biometrics and physiological growth parameters of inoculated plant. Based on general plant aspect, four strains are distinguished: RP 7 (B. coagulans), RP 8 (B. circulans), RP 10 (Paenibacillus polymyxa) and RP 12 (B. circulans). The isolation and characterization of halophilic and halotolerant Bacillus strains has increased knowledge of the rhizocompetent bacterial community associated with date palm in saline and arid soils. AHHB have proven to be highly effective strains to improve cowpea plant growth and development.
Improving Water Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Cropping System Through Intercropping in an Arid Climate
Authors: Ramazani Moghaddam Mohammad Reza , Esmaeilian Yaser
Published: March 2024

The sustainable increase of total productivity by improving resources use efficiency in arid agricultural farming areas is crucial, and intercropping may be a good practice to be implemented in these arid regions. For this purpose, a three-year field experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the research farm of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran to assess the agronomic and economic indices of intercropping patterns. The experiment treatments included C1: sole cotton, C2: sole sesame, and intercropping ratios (C3: 20:80, C4: 40:60, C5: 50:50, C6: 60:40, and C7: 80:20 cotton-sesame ratio). The results showed that the leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area index were significantly higher in the intercropped plants compared to the sole cropped plants. The yield components of both crops (such as branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, and 1000-seed weight for sesame, and opened bolls per plant, closed boll per plant, and seed cotton per boll for cotton) significantly improved under intercropping. However, the highest sesame seed yield (2703, 1979, and 1358 kg ha-1, respectively) and seed cotton yield (3749, 2179, and 3426 kg ha-1, respectively) in the three experiment years were observed in the sole cropping treatment. The implementation of intercropping significantly improved the water use efficiency of the cropping system, so that the highest values in the first to third year (0.67, 0.51, and 0.41 kg m-3, respectively) were recorded in the C4, C3, and C7 treatments. The intercropping evaluation indices revealed the advantage of intercropping compared to the sole cropping. The highest value of the land equivalent ration in the first year (1.28) belonged to the C4 treatment, while in the second and third years, belonged to the C7 treatment (1.40 and 1.10, respectively). The calculation of the aggressivity index revealed that in most of the intercropping patterns, especially in the first and second years, cotton showed greater competitive ability than sesame. The highest actual yield loss value in the first year (0.64) belonged to the C3 treatment, while in the second and third years, belonged to the C7 treatment (1.42 and 0.34, respectively). The highest economic advantage in terms of the monetary advantage index in the first year was obtained by the C4 treatment (1140.5), and in the second and third years, was observed in the C7 treatment (940.6 and 265.5, respectively). The intercropping advantage index in the three experiment years was highest (1.41, 3.38, and 0.80, respectively) for the C7 treatment. Eventually, the results of this research show that cotton and sesame are able to adapt well to the intercropping and this cropping system can significantly improve the resources use efficiency (especially water and land) in an arid area enjoying greater economic benefit than sole cropping
Drivers of Capia Pepper Farmers’ Intentions and Behaviors on Pesticide Use in Turkey: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: GÜNAY Tarık , NİYAZ ALTINOK Özge Can
Published: March 2024

The main actors responsible for pesticide use behavior are farmers. Still, drivers are influencing the pesticide use behavior of farmers in the background. The Theory of Planned Behavior is a widely used concept that explains farmers’ pesticide use behavioral intention. However, prior literature shows that behavior is not included model mainly. As a novelty, it was investigated whether behavioral intention transforms into behavior in this study. Again in this context, it is the first study conducted in Turkey. Turkey is in the top three for pepper production in the world. Also, pepper is one of the products that use the most pesticides. This study aims to determine and explain capia pepper farmers’ pesticide reduction intention and pesticide use behaviors in Turkey. For this purpose, pesticide use behaviors of farmers in the province of Çanakkale, which ranks first in capia pepper production in Turkey, were modeled with the Structural Equation Modeling. Face-to-face surveys were conducted with 206 capia pepper farmers selected by random sampling method. Research results show that subjective norms and attitudes are important determinants of farmers' willingness to reduce pesticide use. Likewise, perceived behavioral control is a unique factor in farmers' use of pesticides. However, farmers' intentions to reduce pesticide use were not reflected in their actions. It is important to increase the awareness of farmers about pesticide behavior. Agricultural policy implications should be planned that target the perceived behavior, subjective norms, and attitudes of farmers.
Determination of Environmental Impacts Using Life Cycle Assessment of Plants Grown for Bioenergy: Example of Sorghum x Sudan Grass Hybrid
Authors: TUTAR Halit , KÖKTEN Kağan , EREN Ömer
Published: March 2024

Renewable energy sources are the most effective and cheapest method in combating climate change. Biomass, which is one of the renewable energy sources, is also one of the raw materials of biofuels. Sorghum x sudan grass hybrid, which is drought tolerant and has a short vegetation period, is one of the biomass sources. This study was carried out to determine the ethanol yield of sorghum x sudan grass hybrid plant grown in an area with a semi-humid climate and to determine the environmental impacts of biomass. Environmental impacts were assessed using the life cycle assessment method. Environmental impact categories are divided into 11 categories according to the CML-IA Baseline model. As a result, the biomass yield was 49888 kg ha-1 and the ethanol yield was 1674.1 l ha-1. According to the life cycle impact category of sorghum x sudan grass hybrid biomass production, it was determined that the highest environmental impact was 79.21%, causing the marine aquatic ecotoxicity. According to the life cycle interpretation, it was determined that it caused a global effect with a rate of 83.87%. In addition, the global warming value was calculated as 0.195 kg CO2-eq kgbiomass-1 (9728.16 kg CO2-eq ha-1). It has been determined that the agricultural phases that have the most negative impact on the environment are irrigation and fertilization.
Multidimensional investigation of the effect of pre-treatment solutions on drying characteristics and raisin quality
Authors: YILMAZ Şahin , UYAK Cuneyt
Published: March 2024

This study aims to evaluate the relationships between pre-treatment solution, variety, drying characteristics, and raisin quality in raisin production, using multivariate analysis methods. This study was conducted on raisins obtained by dipping Bineteti and Zeyti local seed grape varieties in 13 different pre-treatment solutions and drying in the sun on a concrete drying platform. In the study, data of 15 numerical variables related to drying characteristics and raisin quality were reduced to four principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) by principal component analysis (PCA), and their score values were numerically obtained. Then, two grape varieties, 13 pre-treatment solutions, and the four principal components were analyzed by non-linear principal component analysis (NLPCA). In addition, cluster analysis was performed to determine the prominent pre-treatment solutions in terms of drying characteristics and raisin quality. It was determined that the pre-treatment solutions were effective on L*, a*, b*, chroma (C*), hue (h°), a/b values, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and drying time constituting PC1. It was remarkable that the colour parameters in prominent clusters in cluster analysis also form PC1 in PCA analysis. The best pre-treatment solutions were found to be the "5% K2CO3 + 1% olive oil" solution for the Bineteti variety and the "5% K2CO3 + 2% hazelnut oil" solution for the Zeyti variety. It was determined that the pre-treatment solutions recommended for the varieties caused to be obtained brighter, more vibrant, and yellow-coloured raisins and shortened the drying time, and had positive effects on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity.
Assessment of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants’ Contribution to the Country's Economy by Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach: The Case of Turkey
Authors: ERSEN Nadir
Published: March 2024

Medicinal and aromatic plants contribute to both the national economy and the well- being of forest villagers. In addition, these plants are generally used in a variety of industries such as medicine, food, paint, and perfumery. Using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making method, the objective of this paper is to identify the medical and aromatic plants that contribute the most to the Turkish economy. The Entropy method was used to determine the weight values of the criteria and the TOPSIS method was used to rank the alternatives. The research covers the last decade (2012-2021). The arithmetic mean of the production, export and import quantities of each alternative in the decision matrix was determined, along with the weighted mean of the export and import values of each alternative. The medicinal and aromatic plants that contributed the most to the country’s economy were found to be poppy seed, thyme, laurel leaves. Seed (sesame seed, flax seed, safflower seed) plants are determined as the least contributing medicinal and aromatic plants to the country’s economy. Cumin, anise, and salvia have also potential in terms of economic. With these and similar studies, decision makers can determine which products are more economically significant. Thus, plants with high economic value can be cultivated.