bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of blue, green or red LED light on the functional quality of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Authors: Battistoni Benjamín , Amorós Asunción , Tapia María Luisa , Escalona Víctor Hugo
Published: July 2021

The present study employed white (W), blue (B: 468 nm), red (R: 629 nm) and green (G: 524 nm) monochromatic LED lights for 26 days, from 11:00 to 18:00 (7 h per day), with a average of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 26.00 m-2 s-1 on two baby leaves of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivars (Falcon F1 and Viroflay) grown in a hydroponic system. Regardless of the cultivar, the fresh and dry weights were positively influenced when the plants were irradiated by R-light in comparison to W-light. Independent of the cultivar, the leaves treated with B-light reached a significantly higher phenolic compound concentration than plants irradiated with W-light. With respect to antioxidant capacity, plants treated with B-light showed a significantly higher antioxidant capacity than those treated with W-light. According to the results, the use of LED lights is a promising technique for the production of antioxidant compound-enriched vegetables.
Highlights
- The fresh and dry weights were positively influenced when baby leaves spinach were irradiated by red LED light.
- Baby leaves spinach treated with blue LED light reached a significantly higher phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant capacity.
- The green LED light increased total phenolic compound concentration in baby leaves spinach.
Influence of sugarcane straw on weed germination control
Authors: Da Silva Paulo Vinicius , Rodrigues Milagres Viana Henrique , Andrea Monquero Patricia , Moraes Ribeiro Nagila , Pereira Neto Wilson , Maris Inacio Estela , Jacob Christoffoleti Pedro , De Carvalho Dias Roque
Published: July 2021

This research studied the effectiveness of herbicide treatments in weed control and during different periods of emergence, when applied to varying amounts of straw. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with pre-emergent herbicides: amicarbazone, metribuzin, indaziflam, isoxaflutole, amicarbazone + indaziflam, metribuzin + indaziflam, and isoxaflutole + indaziflam, against three species (Sorghum halepense, Rottboellia exaltata, and Mucuna aterrima). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5x4 factorial scheme, with five amounts of straw (0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 t/ha) and four periods of weed emergence (0, 30, 60, and 90 days after treatments). The residual control of indaziflam was influenced by the amount of straw. Metribuzin presented a low residual control, while isoxaflutole was not affected by the amount of straw. Amicarbazone offered residual control for Mucuna aterrima. The association between indaziflam + isoxaflutole displayed a suitable residual control against Sorghum halepense and Rottboellia exaltata. The association of indaziflam + metribuzin adequately controlled Mucuna aterrima and Sorghum halepense. herbicide physical-chemical characteristics can influence their performance, and the association of products may increase residual and weed spectrum control.

Highlights

This partial or total removal of remaining sugarcane straw from the soil surface alters weeds dynamics in sugarcane fields. In this situation we have monocot and dicot weeds infesting the sugarcane crops.

Among these species, some plants are even more difficult to control, such as Sorghum halepense, Rottboellia exaltata, and Mucuna aterrima

Indaziflam herbicide presented a better performance in controlling monocotyledonous plants than eudicot plants.

The herbicides amicarbazone and metribuzin presented adequate control of Mucuna aterrima despite having lower residual control.

The association of indaziflam + metribuzin, resulted in satisfactory results for Mucuna aterrima, Sorghum halepense, and Rottboellia exaltata.
Image and Video Dehazing based on Gamma Correction Method Contrast Enhancement
Authors: Kumbhar Mahesh Manik , Godbole Bhalchandra B.
Published: July 2021

As the revolution in computational photography and computer vision applications facilitates fast and reliable information, quality of the scene and visual perception and is being increasingly used in various fields like public safety, traffic accident analysis, crime forensics, remote sensing area and military surveillance. We make an investigation of the dehazing effect of scenes affected by weather phenomena. ‘Dehazing’ has emerged as a promising technology to recover the clear image and video from an input hazy scene, such that the quality can be significantly enhanced. A scene captured in the outdoor environment affected by haze like fog mist and dust particles in the atmosphere. We are utilizing a ‘Dehazing algorithm, to remove this unwanted haze from videos and Real-time video. Also, remove haze from images, for this, we use a novel method of video dehazing based on contrast enhancement. From our observation, it is concluded that hazy image and video has low contrast, so we estimate transmission map to maximize the contrast of output scene. And we use the depth estimation process to detect or identify hidden parameters from the scene, and also creates a corresponding haze scene with high fidelity. Finally, we reconstruct or restore the seen without changing its originality. Hence dehazing performance with fewer artifacts and better coding efficiency and demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can remove haze efficiently and recover the parameters of the original scene.
An Innovative Methodology for Wind Turbine Generator Rotor Blade Manufacturing Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Authors: Tiwary Aditya , Deshmukh Saurabh
Published: July 2021

Hazard analysis uncovers and identifies hazards that exist in the workplace, generally focusing on a particular activity, project, or system. It develops a means to – communicate, track, quantify, allocate mitigation measures, verify effectiveness. The objective of this paper is to obtain hazards and risk analysis, the event sequences leading to hazards and the risk associated with hazardous events. Many techniques ranging from the simple qualitative methods to the advanced quantitative methods are available to help identify and analyze hazards. An innovative methodology is presented here to obtain the hazards and risk analysis in Wind Turbine Generator Rotor Blade Manufacturing unit for three different processes. The three different process on which Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment has been done are MPRP/Resin & Hardner mixing Process, MPRP/Kitting Process and Prefab/MG O & X Process.
Expanding 4-H Alumni Life Perspectives: An Experiential and Programmatic Evaluation
Authors: Powell Alyssa , Bennett Natalie , Lamm Kevan W.
Published: July 2021

Involvement with the 4-H program during youth has been empirically shown to have positive effects on participants and to influence their life perspectives and career development. The activities offered within 4-H allow individuals to build relationships with peers and mentors, develop life and leadership skills, and create a positive self concept. The focus of this study was to identify key touchstones which influenced 4-H alumni life perspectives and inform program development to ensure individuals are exposed to these activities during their 4-H involvement. Although numerous studies have examined the positive outcomes of 4-H programming, limited research exists identifying the context in which these influential experiences occur. This study employed a modified Delphi approach, using an expert panel (n = 31) to identify and generate consensus regarding 4-H experiences, events, and programs deemed influential in expanding alumni life perspectives. Thirty-six items were retained following the Delphi process. Two items received unanimous consensus: 1) interaction with diverse groups, and 2) hearing dynamic speakers and listening to accomplishments they have achieved because of involvement in 4-H. Retained items were analyzed for overarching themes using the constant comparative method (CCM). Five themes emerged following the CCM analysis: 1) professional skills and leadership development, 2) networking and mentorship opportunities, 3) 4-H events, programs, and camps, 4) 4- H projects and educational opportunities, and 5) internal influences. These themes may be combined with Robert’s (2006) model of experiential learning to identify the appropriate setting, duration, level, and intended outcomes of 4-H programming.
Examining Likeness Among Secondary Agriculture Youth
Authors: Austin Ashley L. , Rice Amber H. , Vincent Stacy K.
Published: July 2021

Likeness, also known as homophily, describes the tendency for individuals to seek out others who are socially similar to themselves. As a society, we are attracted to “like” behaviors, but subconsciously the value placed on likeness can lead to undesirable outcomes including segregation, reduced diversity in peer groups, and narrower social interactions. Homophily behaviors present major limitations to multicultural group interaction and can negatively impact the recruitment and retention of diverse groups. The purpose of this study was to determine if homophily behavior exists among Kentucky secondary agricultural education youth toward three binary variables: a) farm background/non-farm athlete; b) Black student white student; and c) gay student/straight student. Senior level high school students throughout the state were randomly assigned two, of eight, mock student profiles to determine if they were “like” them or “different” than them. Student participants reported homophily-likeness toward students who were white and perceived differences in likeness from students who were Black or gay. Further analysis suggested that students were open to likeness if the mock student profile reflected a minimum of two similar variables to their own demographic. Continued critical research, conversation, and professional growth in homophily is necessary to avoid particular group extraction and to promote inclusion and diversity initiatives in secondary agricultural education.
Beslisregels voor langetermijnwaardecreatie
Authors: Schramade Willem , Schoenmaker Dirk , De Adelhart Toorop Reinier
Published: July 2021

Toekomstgerichte bedrijven sturen op langetermijnwaardecreatie (LTW) in plaats van alleen op aandeelhouderswaarde. LTW gaat om het beheren en balanceren van verschillende ‘waardedimensies’: financieel, sociaal en ecologisch. Dat vergt beslisregels voor de investeringen van bedrijven. Dit artikel leidt dergelijke beslisregels af door te analyseren wat nodig is voor LTW; en hoe LTW verschilt van aandeelhouderswaardemaximalisatie. Ook schetst het artikel transitietrajecten voor bedrijven die momenteel waardevernietigend zijn op één van de dimensies. Ten slotte introduceert het eenvoudige modellen die het mogelijk maken om specifieke soorten waarde te prioriteren, in overeenstemming met de missie van de onderneming.
A theoretical study on the CO2 methanation over Ni5/AC catalysts by means of density functional theory. Part II: Reaction pathways
Authors: Van Hue , Phung Lan , Nguyen Ha , Le Cam , Nguyen Ha
Published: July 2021

The methanation of carbon dioxide over Ni5 supported on activated carbon (Ni5/AC) was studied by using density functional theory and climbing image – nudged elastic band methods. A reaction diagram for the formation of methane via CO or HCOO species, which consists of 14 reaction steps was proposed. The reaction energy and activation energy for the overall steps involved in the reaction process were calculated and analyzed. Following the proposed mechanism possible carbon byproducts of the CO2 methanation reaction are CO and HCHO. Formation of these products can occur at high temperatures, but it is more thermodynamically difficult than formation of CH4. The formation of CH4 is more preferably occur via the CO pathway than the HCOO pathway.
Study on MIL-100(Fe)/GNPs composite process to treat wastewater of dyes
Authors: Nguyen Phuong , Ha Duong , Nguyen Tung , La Duong , Cao Ha , Nguyen Phuong
Published: July 2021

In this study, iron benzenedicarboxylate framework/graphene nanoplatelets (MIL-100(Fe)/GNPs) composites have been synthesized. As-prepared composite materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR techniques, UV-VIS diffuse reflectance.
Connaissances et Pratiques traditionnelles versus Conservation de la biodiversité dans les aires protégées : Cas des populations riveraines du lac Lungwe, Est RD Congo
Authors: K. MUBALAMA Léonard , WASSO Jean de Dieu , BUHENDWA Germaine , IGUNZI Félix , KANDJI Bernard , IBUCWA Marcelin , KONGOLO Patrick
Published: July 2021

The issues of conservation and development, cultural norms and the enhancement of natural resources are linked and cannot be understood in isolation. In the current context of Lungwe Lake, understanding such relationships necessarily requires a better understanding of the different natural resource management systems in place. In this context, better understanding and preserving the ecosystem services and socio-cultural values of Lake Lungwe in the Itombwe Nature Reserve (RNI) is a necessity for its development. This is the objective of this study on the beliefs of local communities regarding the management of Lungwe Lake. The importance and contribution of local beliefs and traditions of indigenous peoples is no longer demonstrated in the management of a protected area and the enhancement of ecosystem services. Lungwe Lake is a concrete example. Indeed, at the end of the surveys carried out in the villages surrounding Lungwe Lake in the chiefdom of Lwindi, the results showed that several myths were once attributed to Lungwe Lake by ancestors. These practices continue to be passed down from generation to generation. However, cultural practices relating to biodiversity conservation represent a value that has been overlooked or considered less unimportant by policy makers or some scientific circles, simply because they are linked to superstition. different interpretations and or negligence on the part of certain people. These surveys revealed to us the current awakening of consciousness of local communities wishing to enhance the value of Lungwe Lake through tourism activities. Also, the rehabilitation of such practices would be part of the national strategy for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and the equitable sharing of the benefits of the exploitation of natural resources. This strategy is based, among other things, on taking into account traditional methods of cultural practices and biodiversity conservation within the RNI and relating to the management of natural resources. This turns out to be not only a possible solution for the opening up and development of entities around the lake, but also, a realistic avenue with regard to the challenge of the current mode of management of the Itombwe Natural Reserve which encompasses them.
Effect of Guerrilla Marketing on Guerrilla Entrepreneur Performance: A Study of Selected Businesses in Nigeria
Authors: Yagboyaju Kabir Adeniyi , Chinedu Ikwuagwu Henry
Published: July 2021

This research study empirically assessed the effect of guerrilla marketing on guerrilla entrepreneur performance focusing on selected businesses in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design which suites the research because of its descriptive nature. Multiple regression analysis using ANOVA was adopted to analyse the variables in the models under study. The result indicate that there is a positive relationship between Entrepreneur Performance (ENTP) and Ambient Marketing (ABTM) with a coefficient values of 0.621. Statistically, the Sig. value of 0.021 is lower than the acceptable significance value of 0.05. Also, Ambush Marketing (ABSM) has coefficient value of 0.685. Statistically, the Sig. value of 0.003 is lower than the acceptable significance value of 0.05. Furthermore, Sensation Marketing (SSNM) was observed to be positively related to Entrepreneur Performance (ENTP) with a coefficient value of 0.788 and a Sig. value of 0.017. Finally, Viral Marketing (VILM) has a coefficient value of 0.591 and a Sig. value of 0.448, indicating that VILM has a positive but insignificant effect on ENTP. We therefore conclude that for the guerrilla entrepreneur in Nigeria to be successful and sustain his business, he must show and implement empathy in his business. Also guerrilla entrepreneur must engage in publicity that is creative, innovative, and attractive even in terms of cost like the guerrilla marketing strategy.
MICROENCAPSULATION OF L. FERMENTUM ISOLATED FROM TRADITIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS AND ITS STABILITY ON EXPOSURE TO SIMULATED GASTROINTESTINAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Pandey Anil , Pandey Neha , Puranik Vineeta , Verma Arundhati , Yadav Neelam
Published: July 2021

The physiological state of food may affect the survival potential of health promoting microorganisms. The current research was thus undertaken for comparing the invitro stability of two similar species of L. fermentum isolated from two different dairy products. The isolates were analyzed for their viability after microencapsulation in sodium alginate and were also compared using the non-encapsulated strain in simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. Viability of the cultures were also compared against reference standard (i.e) Lactobacillus acidophilus procured from MTCC Chandigarh. The percentage log reduction of non- encapsulated cultures i.e curd, raw milk and MTCC was 58.32%,58.28%,58.43% while that of encapsulated cultures was 10.19%, 10.03% and 11.18% as observed in gastric juice. The log reduction of non -encapsulated cultures as observed was 3.80%, 3.10% and 2.23% for curd raw milk and MTCC cultures respectively while that of encapsulated cultures was 1.54%, 1.52% and 1.16%in simulated intestinal conditions. The raw milk isolate was found with slightly better adaptation in response to the viability both in case of gastric and intestinal juice. The result thus justifies the physiological state of food which may affect the osmotic response and stress of similar microflora although isolated from two different food consortiums.
Smelling Disease and Death in the Antwerp Church of Our Lady, c. 1450-1559
Authors: Wauters Wendy
Published: July 2021

Early modern societies were pervaded by smells and odours, but few traces have survived that offer a glimpse of the olfactory experience. This essay reconstructs this lost early modern ‘smellscape’, focusing on the smell of disease and death in the late medieval Antwerp Church of Our Lady (c. 1450-1559). Bustling cathedrals and parish churches could be a minefield of life-threatening odours, as there was a strong interaction between externally perceived body odour and a person’s inner sweetness. Through devotional objects and liturgical rituals, however, it was possible to protect oneself from the stench of both living and dead parishioners. Exemplary markers for the shared discourse of smell on a medical and spiritual level were aromatic prayer beads and purifying incense.
« Il faut traduire le style, pas les mots »
Authors: Smeets Marc , Niesten Mingus
Published: July 2021

Critique littéraire, écrivain, essayiste, photographe, Martin de Haan est aussi, et avant tout, ambas­sa­­deur de la traduction littéraire. Tout au long de sa carrière, il n’a cessé de souligner le rôle essentiel du traducteur qui, selon lui, a longtemps été négligé par la politique culturelle et éditoriale. Il a traduit une quarantaine d’ouvrages de littérature française en néerlandais. Figurent dans sa bibliographie, outre la traduction quasiment intégrale de l’œuvre de Michel Houellebecq et de Milan Kundera, les noms d’entre autres Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, Benjamin Constant, Vivant Denon, Denis Diderot, Jean Échenoz, Marcel Proust et Joris-Karl Huysmans. C’est dire que les classiques français sont dans le collimateur de ce lauréat du prix Elly Jaffé 2018 (prix triennal de la meilleure traduction en néerlandais d’une œuvre franco­phone).
Traduire Rabelais et Montaigne aux Pays-Bas
Authors: Smith Paul J.
Published: July 2021

Cet article étudie et contextualise les multiples vicissitudes qu’ont subies les traductions néer­landaises de Rabelais et de Montaigne à travers les siècles. L’article passe en revue les deux traduc­tions partielles et modestes de ces auteurs au XVIe siècle, ainsi que les deux grandes traductions réalisées au XVIIe siècle, celles de Glazemaker (1674) et de Wieringa (1682). Il saute les deux siècles suivants, qui sont sans traductions rabelaisiennes ni montaigniennes, pour passer au xxe siècle, qui connaît une pléthore de traductions. Pour ne mentionner que les traducteurs les plus importants : Rabelais est traduit par Sandfort (1931), Buckinx (1995) et Vermeer-Pardoen (1995-2003), alors que Montaigne est traduit par De Graaff (1993) et Van Pinx­teren (1993-2003). L’article analyse les rapports concurrentiels et autres qui existent entre ces traductions du siècle passé.
« Touche pas à mes souvenirs » : pourquoi retraduire les classiques ?
Authors: Koffeman Maaike , Smeets Marc
Published: July 2021

Ce numéro de Relief est consacré à la (re)traduction des classiques de la littérature française. Possédant une valeur culturelle et symbolique importante, le texte classique semble constituer une source éditoriale et com­merciale sûre. De ce fait, il donne souvent lieu à de multiples rééditions et retraductions, qui se présentent – bon gré mal gré – comme étant « meilleures » que leurs prédécesseurs. Mais considérer la retraduction comme une réponse au vieillissement textuel serait une perspective beaucoup trop simpliste. Ce dossier thématique ras­semble des études de cas qui mettent en lumière la diversité des motifs potentiels de retraduction.
On the contribution of fast and slow responses to precipitation changes caused by aerosol perturbations
Authors: Zhang Shipeng , Stier Philip , Watson-Parris Duncan
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Changes in global-mean precipitation are strongly constrained by global radiative cooling, while regional rainfall changes are less constrained because energy can be transported. Absorbing and non-absorbing aerosols have different effects on both global-mean and regional precipitation, due to the distinct effects on energetics. This study analyses the precipitation responses to large perturbations in black carbon (BC) and sulfate (SUL) by examining the changes in atmospheric energy budget terms on global and regional scales, in terms of fast (independent of changes in sea surface temperature, SST) and slow responses (mediated by changes in SST). Changes in atmospheric radiative cooling/heating are further decomposed into contributions from clouds, aerosols, and clear–clean sky (without clouds or aerosols). Both cases show a decrease in global-mean precipitation, which is dominated by fast responses in the BC case and slow responses in the SUL case. The geographical patterns are distinct too. The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), accompanied by tropical rainfall, shifts northward in the BC case, while it shifts southward in the SUL case. For both cases, energy transport terms from the slow response dominate the changes in tropical rainfall, which are associated with the northward (southward) shift of the Hadley cell in response to the enhanced southward (northward) cross-equatorial energy flux caused by increased BC (SUL) emission. The extra-tropical precipitation decreases in both cases. For the BC case, fast responses to increased atmospheric radiative heating contribute most to the reduced rainfall, in which absorbing aerosols directly heat the mid-troposphere, stabilise the column, and suppress precipitation. Unlike BC, non-absorbing aerosols decrease surface temperatures through slow processes, cool the whole atmospheric column, and reduce specific humidity, which leads to decreased radiative cooling from the clear–clean sky, which is consistent with the reduced rainfall. Examining the changes in large-scale circulation and local thermodynamics qualitatively explains the responses of precipitation to aerosol perturbations, whereas the energetic perspective provides a method to quantify their contributions.
3-D tomographic observations of Rossby wave breaking over the North Atlantic during the WISE aircraft campaign in 2017
Authors: Krasauskas Lukas , Ungermann Jörn , Preusse Peter , Friedl-Vallon Felix , Zahn Andreas , Ziereis Helmut , Rolf Christian , Plöger Felix , Konopka Paul , Vogel Bärbel , Riese Martin
Published: July 2021

Abstract. This paper presents measurements of ozone, water vapour and nitric acid (HNO3) in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) over North Atlantic and Europe. The measurements were acquired with the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) during the Wave Driven Isentropic Exchange (WISE) campaign in October 2017. GLORIA is an airborne limb imager capable of acquiring both 2-D data sets (curtains along the flight path) and, when the carrier aircraft is flying around the observed air mass, spatially highly resolved 3-D tomographic data. Here, we present a case study of a Rossby wave (RW) breaking event observed during two subsequent flights 2 d apart. RW breaking is known to steepen tracer gradients and facilitate stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE). Our measurements reveal complex spatial structures in stratospheric tracers (ozone and nitric acid) with multiple vertically stacked filaments. Backward-trajectory analysis is used to demonstrate that these features are related to several previous Rossby wave breaking events and that the small-scale structure of the UTLS in the Rossby wave breaking region, which is otherwise very hard to observe, can be understood as stirring and mixing of air masses of tropospheric and stratospheric origin. It is also shown that a strong nitric acid enhancement observed just above the tropopause is likely a result of NOx production by lightning activity. The measurements showed signatures of enhanced mixing between stratospheric and tropospheric air near the polar jet with some transport of water vapour into the stratosphere. Some of the air masses seen in 3-D data were encountered again 2 d later, stretched to very thin filament (horizontal thickness down to 30 km at some altitudes) rich in stratospheric tracers. This repeated measurement allowed us to directly observe and analyse the progress of mixing processes in a thin filament over 2 d. Our results provide direct insight into small-scale dynamics of the UTLS in the Rossby wave breaking region, which is of great importance to understanding STE and poleward transport in the UTLS.
Relationship between wind observation accuracy and the ascending node of the sun-synchronous orbit for the Aeolus-type spaceborne Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Zhang Chuanliang , Sun Xuejin , Lu Wen , Shi Yingni , Dou Naiying , Li Shaohui
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The launch and operation of the first spaceborne Doppler wind
lidar (DWL), Aeolus, is of great significance for observing the global wind
field. Aeolus operates on a sun-synchronous dawn–dusk orbit to minimize the
negative impact of solar background radiation (SBR) on wind observation
accuracy. Future spaceborne DWLs may not operate on sun-synchronous
dawn–dusk orbits due to their observational purposes. The impact of the local
time of ascending node (LTAN) crossing of sun-synchronous orbits on the wind
observation accuracy was studied in this paper by proposing two given
Aeolus-type spaceborne DWLs operating on the sun-synchronous orbits with
LTANs of 15:00 and 12:00 LT. On these two new orbits, the increments of the
averaged SBR received by the new spaceborne DWLs range from 39 to 56 mW m−2 sr−1 nm−1 under cloud-free skies
near the summer and winter solstices, which will lead to uncertainties of
0.19 and 0.27 m s−1 in the increment of the averaged Rayleigh channel wind
observations for 15:00 and 12:00 LT orbits using the instrument parameters of
Aeolus with 30 measurements per observation and 20 laser pulses per
measurement. This demonstrates that Aeolus operating on the sun-synchronous
dawn–dusk orbit is the optimal observation scenario, and the random error
caused by the SBR will be larger on other sun-synchronous orbits. Increasing
the laser pulse energy of the new spaceborne DWLs is used to lower the wind
observation uncertainties, and a method to quantitatively design the laser
pulse energy according to the specific accuracy requirements is proposed in
this study based on the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio and
the uncertainty of the response function of the Rayleigh channel. The laser
pulse energies of the two new spaceborne DWLs should be set to 70 mJ based
on the statistical results obtained using the method. The other instrument
parameters should be the same as those of Aeolus. Based on the proposed
parameters, the accuracies of about 77.19 % and 74.71 % of the bins of
the two new spaceborne DWLs would meet the accuracy requirements of the
European Space Agency (ESA) for Aeolus. These values are very close to the
76.46 % accuracy of an Aeolus-type spaceborne DWL when it is free of the
impact of the SBR. Moreover, the averaged uncertainties of the two new
spaceborne DWLs are 2.62 and 2.69 m s−1, which perform better than that of
Aeolus (2.77 m s−1).
The rate and extent of wind-gap migration regulated by tributary confluences and avulsions
Authors: Shelef Eitan , Goren Liran
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The location of drainage divides sets the distribution of discharge, erosion, and sediment flux between neighboring basins and may shift through time in response to changing tectonic and climatic conditions. Major divides commonly coincide with ridgelines, where the drainage area is small and increases gradually downstream. In such settings, divide migration is attributed to slope imbalance across the divide that induces erosion rate gradients. However, in some tectonically affected regions, low-relief divides, which are also called wind gaps, abound in elongated valleys whose drainage area distribution is set by the topology of large, potentially avulsing side tributaries. In this geometry, distinct dynamics and rates of along-valley wind-gap migration are expected, but this process remains largely unexplored. Inspired by field observations, we investigate along-valley wind-gap migration by simulating the evolution of synthetic and natural landscapes, and we show that confluences with large side tributaries influence migration rate and extent. Such confluences facilitate stable wind-gap locations that deviate from intuitive expectations based on symmetry considerations. Avulsions of side tributaries can perturb stable wind-gap positions, and avulsion frequency governs the velocity of wind-gap migration. Overall, our results suggest that tributaries and their avulsions may play a critical role in setting the rate and extent of wind-gap migration along valleys and thus the timescale of landscape adjustment to tectonic and climatic changes across some of the tectonically most affected regions of Earth, where wind gaps are common.
Bilateral septic arthritis with rapid progressive destruction of the femoral head after joint injection in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Freigang Viola , Baumann Florian , Alt Volker
Published: July 2021

Abstract. This report is on a 61-year-old patient with steroid therapy for
rheumatoid arthritis and pain in the groin on both sides who got injections
with hyaluronic acid in both hip joints. After 12 weeks the X-ray of the
pelvis showed rapid progressive destruction of both hip joints.
KINEMATIC WAVE EQUATIONS FOR MOVABLE RIVERBEDS
Authors:   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Krutov A. N. , Shkol’nikov S. Ya. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute
Published: July 2021

The mathematical model of kinematic wave, that is widely used in hydrological calculations, is generalized to compute processes in deformable channels. Self-similar solutions to the kinematic wave equations, namely, the discontinuous wave of increase and the “simple” wave of decrease are generalized. A numerical method is proposed for solving the kinematic wave equations for deformable channels. The comparison of calculation results with self-similar solutions revealed a good agreement.
Investigation of Depression and Anxiety in Students due to Burdenized Curriculum and Shortage of Time at University level
Authors: Fatima Dr Fozia , Naz Saima , Shabnam Dr Nadia , Ali Dr Sabir , Fatima Sobia
Published: July 2021

This study was undertaken to investigate depression and anxiety in students due to burdenized curriculum and shortage of time at university level. This study was descriptive in nature. 260 students were taken as a sample and it was drawn from three public universities of Islamabad through random sampling technique. Self-developed questionnaire was used and its reliability and validity had been estimated by Cronbach alpha and exploratory factor analysis respectively. Results of this study showed that majority of the students were agreed that they had depression and anxiety due to burdenized curriculum and shortage of time. They were not able to learn necessary skills that enhance their performance. Most of the students generally expressed anxiety when they were insulted by their parents and peers due to the bad performance in academics. Demographic factors (gender, age & qualification) had no significant effect over the students’ perception about their depression and anxiety at university level.
Literary tourism: Readers, writers and being there
Authors: Krauth Nigel
Published: July 2021

This paper examines literary tourism in light of self-educational aspects of the European Grand

Tour recorded by writers across four centuries. It considers travellers’ developing notions of

literary travel along with developing municipal understandings of literary tourist destinations.

It goes on to apply ideas about literary tourism to travel undertaken by writers themselves,

seeking to provide analysis and advice for writers visiting places of literary significance.
Wandering with Wi-Fi: The wandering trend in women’s travel blogs
Authors: Cantrell Kate
Published: July 2021

Despite the continued popularity of travel blogs, there is a lack of contemporary criticism

concerning the literal and figurative meanings of ‘wandering’ in the genre of online travel

writing. One only has to trawl through the blogosphere to notice the number of female

travellers who refer to themselves as ‘wandering’ women. However, female wandering has

received little to no study in travel writing scholarship. In other words, what a ’wandering

woman’ is exactly – for example, why she wanders and how, as well as what constitutes an

act of wandering – is yet to be widely theorised. Furthermore, the subversive tendency of

female wandering to disrupt not only circular journeys but also stable conceptualisations of

home has not been deeply explored. This paper argues that female wandering is a complex

mode of travel that is characterised by the coupling of literal and figurative movement, and

therefore it cannot be conceptualised through canonical understandings of departure and

return. In the travel blogs presented for analysis, the authors construct non-linear narratives

that are marked by boundlessness, continuity, and self-reflexivity. In this way, the blogs

themselves are ‘wandering’ texts that marry the physical wandering of the body with the

abstract wondering of the mind. As a result, wandering is not only the content of the blog

but the defining characteristic of the text itself. When female bloggers cast themselves as

wandering women, they resist the Romantic equation of wandering with suffering, and

instead construct wandering as a shared reprieve rather than an individual burden. This

representation of female wandering as a positive and productive endeavour is interesting

given literary representations of male wandering as a curse or punishment.
On the death of travel writing: An autoethnographic inquiry
Authors: González Caleb Lee
Published: July 2021

This essay embraces both a critical and creative writing approach to explore the question that has recently loomed over the genre of travel writing: Is travel writing dead? In support for the life of the genre, this essay imagines an amplified definition of travel writing, especially under a global context of movement and migrancy. Additionally, this essay uses an autoethnographic approach (a fusion of the critical and creative) to connect the author’s

travel writing identity and family history of migrancy to larger historic, cultural, political,

and social meanings. It, therefore, leans on the definition of autoethnography provided by

Carolyn Ellis, a leading qualitative researcher who says, autoethnography, is a form of

’research, writing, story, and method that connect the autobiographical and personal to the

cultural, social, and political (Ellis 2004: xix). Furthermore, this essay explores what it means

to engage in travel writing, while working toward a global understanding through stories of

travel, movement, and migrancy. Leaning on the expertise of travel writers like Pico Iyer,

Rana Dasgupta, Lindsey Hilsum, Morwari Zafar, Jamaica Kincaid, and a variety of theorists

like Gloria Anzaldúa, Mary Baine Campbell, Andrew Miller, Peter Hulme, Joan Pau Rubiés,

and others, this essay ultimately claims that many writers are expanding their definition of

travel writing by considering the genre as complex, amplified, ever-shifting, and always in

motion.
From hotbeds of depravity to hidden treasures: the narrative evolution of Melbourne’s laneways
Authors: Mundell Meg
Published: July 2021

Places are both sustained and shaped by the stories we tell about them. In turn, stories of

place are influenced by cultural, political, and socioeconomic forces. A form of

‘unplanned’ urban architecture, over almost two centuries Melbourne’s inner-city

laneways have been inscribed with multiple layers of narrative. This paper tracks the

unfolding tensions around these evolving urban spaces, from Melbourne’s founding up

until the present day. Drawing upon site visits, theorists of place, narrative and memory,

and analysis of select historical and contemporary texts, the articles explores how the uses

of Melbourne’s back lanes have changed over time, and how these changes have been both

reflected in, and influenced by, narratives of place. From their genesis as makeshift service

lanes, to their early reputation as sites of moral disorder; from shanty towns to celebrated

tourist destinations; from public health risks to sites of urban renewal and cultural

memorialisation – the transformation of these atmospheric passageways illustratesthe fluid

and contested nature of place, and its intrinsic yet unstable relationship with narrative. In

considering how narrative has been deployed to stake or negate claims to the laneways, the

article traces the role and impact of various actors: government, social reformers, slum

residents, novelists, journalists and media outlets, business interests, street artists, and

people experiencing homelessness. Melbourne’s inner-urban back lanes emerge as liminal

sites where questions of spatial exclusion, cultural capital, and belonging are navigated in

complex and shifting ways.
Stories we can’t tell: on writing dissident architecture
Authors: Karami Sepideh
Published: July 2021

Writing architecture is not writing about architecture, but writing it, making it. It is to

create new grounds, sites of actions, and construct characters who build these grounds

and change them by inhabiting them critically and performatively. By situating writing

in contexts where direct ways of expression are impossible, I investigate how dissident

writing can circumvent the bans of an oppressive power by inventing an Aesopian

language. Dissident writing is to write with multiple voices and many authors – not all

of whom are welcome. To develop a tactic of writing with unwelcome co-authors, i.e.

writing with the dominant power, but against it, is what dissidence could bring into

writing architecture. In this way, writing dissident architecture deals with two main

questions. One is: how to tell a story we cannot tell? And the other: how can this

struggle with an impossible narration create a dissident architecture? To investigate

these questions, in this text domestic spaces of houses are considered as a key example

of performing grounds for dissidents. By going through an experiment of writing

situated in the spaces of a demolished house, I discuss how the construction of dissident

characters who perform in the house and the application of different genres and

experimental writings complicate the house and bring on the writing of a dissident

architecture.
As/saying architecture: a ficto-spatial essay of lying-in
Authors: Cheatle Emma
Published: July 2021

Through an exposé of my research, ’The Architecture of Lying-in: From the Dark and

Airless Room to the Hospital for Women’, this paper explores creative-critical methods of

writing architectural history. Until the 1740s, women in England gave birth in the bedroom,

which was refashioned for the occasion as a dark, internalised space, the ’lying-in

chamber’. Around this time, the rise of the man- midwife and instruments such as maternal

forceps heralded the lying-in hospital, the first specialist hospital overall, yet few

architectural descriptions of it exist, nor of the maternal domestic space it challenged.

Here, I examine the home and the first London lying-in hospital by drawing on a range of

sources such as architectural plans, midwifery manuals and treatises, maps, novels and

political writings. Developing a text that plies between essay and fiction, I critically

reconstruct the architecture of lying-in.
Kronik İshal ile Prezante Olan İnek Sütü ve Yumurta Alerjisi, Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Şener Çalışkan Sadiye , Karataş Nurten
Published: July 2021

Süt çocukluğu döneminde geçmeyen ishal, besin alerjilerinin en sık başvuru şikayetlerinden bir tanesidir. Hasta öyküleri detaylandırılmadığında kolaylıkla gözden kaçabilmekte, genel gastroenterit tedavileri ile kontrol altına alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda; geçmeyen ishal yakınması, demir eksikliği anemisi (DEA) ve büyüme gelişme geriliği (BGG) ile başvuran hastada tespit edilen inek sütü ve yumurta alerjisinden bahsedildi. Bu doğrultuda besin alerjilerinin kolaylıkla gözden kaçabildiğini ve birinci basamak hekimlerinin geçmeyen ishal yakınması ile başvurulan bebek ve çocuklarda besin alerjisini de ayırıcı tanıda düşünmeleri gerektiğini vurgulamak istedik.
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu: Aile Hekimliği Yaklaşımı
Authors: Serinçay Hüseyin , Mat Gökçe , Ülger Ersin , Özçakır Alis , Alper Züleyha , Uncu Yeşim
Published: July 2021

Araştırmalar, genel nüfusun 2/3’sinden fazlasının yaşamları boyunca en az bir kez travmaya maruz kalabileceğini göstermektedir.[1] Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu (TSSB), travmatik olaylara maruz kalmanın en yaygın psikopatolojik sonucudur.[2] COVID-19 gibi aşı veya etkili tıbbi tedaviler olmaksızın tanınmayan bir infeksiyon salgını, bireysel ve toplum düzeyinde akut ve kronik etkileri açısından travmatik bir deneyim olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu salgın aile hekimliğinin sağlık sistemindeki merkezi rolünü bir kez daha ortaya koymuştur. Bir yandan aile hekimlerinin toplumun bilgilendirilmesinde aktif rol alması, hastaların triajı ve gerekli durumlarda hastaneye yönlendirilmesi hastaneler ve sağlık sistemi üzerine aşırı yük binmesi ve kaynakların tüketilmesinin önüne geçerken diğer yandan krizde en çok gereksinim duyulan güven duygusunun oluşturulmasında önemli bir görev üstlenmektedirler. Bu makale, travma, TSSB, COVID-19 pandemisinde TSSB ve aile hekimliğinde TSSB yaklaşımı ile ilgili bilgileri özetlemektedir.
Erişkin Kişilerin Kolorektal Kanser Risk Faktörleri ve Erken Tanı Yöntemleri Hakkındaki Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Sancaktar Esra , Tuncer Özge
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kişilerin kolorektal kanserin (KRK) risk faktörleri, semptomları ve erken tanı yöntemleri hakkında bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirerek farkındalık düzeyini saptamak amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışmamız, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Ocak 2019-Şubat 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran çalışmaya dâhil olma kriterlerini karşılayan 300 kişiden oluşan hastalar ile yüz yüze anket görüşmesi ile yapıldı. İstatistiksel olarak elde edilen veriler SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) programı kullanılarak analiz edildi.Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 51,8±8,66 yıl olup, yaş aralığı 40 ile 70 arasında değişiyordu. Katılımcıların %68,3’ü (205) kadındı. Hastaların öğrenim durumları incelendiğinde, en yüksek oran %33 (99) ile ilköğretim mezunu ardından %28,7 (86) ile üniversite mezunlarından oluşmaktadır. KRK tarama testleri ile ilgili duyumu olanların %66,3’ü (124) sağlık çalışanlarından, %25,7’si (48) akraba ve arkadaşlarından duyduğunu belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların %62,3’ü (187) KRK tarama testlerini duymuştur. Yüzde 96,7’si (290) KRK tarama testlerini gerekli bulurken, katılımcıların %85’i (255) KRK tarama testinin amacının hastalığı erken dönemde yakalamak olduğunu düşünüyordu. Katılımcıların yalnızca %29’u (87) kolorektal kanser tarama testleri hakkında doktor tarafından bilgilendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların yalnızca %25’i (75) KRK tarama testlerinin neler olduğunu tam olarak doğru bilmiştir. Elli yaş ve üzeri bireylerin %39,7’si (60) tarama testi yaptırmıştı. Katılımcılar KRK’nın belirtisini daha sıklıkla dışkılama alışkanlığında değişiklik olarak görmekteyken, en çok bilinen risk faktörü ise ailede KRK öyküsü olmasıdır.Sonuç: Çalışmamızdaki bireylerin KRK ile ilgili bilgi yetersizliğinin bulunduğunu, 50 yaşın üzerinde önerilen tarama testi yapılma oranının düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu nedenle koruyucu hekimlik anlamında büyük öneme sahip olan aile hekimlerinin hastalarını tarama testleri konusunda daha çok bilgilendirmeleri ve yönlendirmeleri gerekmektedir.
Improving Governmental Transparency in Korea: Toward Institutionalized and ICT-Enabled Transparency*
Authors: Eom Seok-Jin
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of this study is to examine how governmental transparency has improved in Korea. To this end, the author examines the periodic characteristics of governmental transparency while also analyzing the information that each administration in Korea has produced. Also investigated are institutional arrangements for accessing this information and the adoption of ICTs in government. It was not until the democratic transition of 1987 that the transparency of the government began to improve in Korea. The key characteristic of the transparency policy after democratization was the pursuit of the simultaneous progress of institutionalized and ICT-enabled governmental transparency. Citizens’ accessibility to and the disclosure of public information were institutionalized. Furthermore, ICTs enable citizens to access such information more efficiently through nonstop operations and one-click services. In the course of establishing the institutions to improve governmental transparency, however, executive dominance and bureaucrats’ resistance to governmental transparency were the major challenges.