bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cationic Exchange between Montmorillonite and Pore Solution Salts in Hydrothermal Clays from Steam Hydrotherms of the Mutnovsky Geothermal Field
Authors: Sergeeva A.V. , Tikhonov T.P. , Avilova A.A. , Nazarova M.A. , Zoben’ko O.A. , Kartasheva E.V. , Kuzmina A.A. , Gladyshkina A.V.
Published: September 2024

—The montmorillonite samples from shallow parts of the thermal fields within the Mutnovsky hydrothermal steam deposit (the Upper Mutnovsky thermal field and the Dachny site), along with the composition of salts in the clay pore solutions have been studied in the context of ion exchange between them. This aspect represents one of the topical problems due to geothermal clays (montmorillonite) enrichment with elements transferred by steam hydrotherms and concentrating in the near-surface horizons, while montmorillonite as a natural cation exchanger will absorb them, thus acting as a geochemical barrier. The composition of the interlayer cationic complex of montmorillonite samples was studied on isolated clay fractions and from the ion-exchange experiment to determine the salt composition of clay pore solutions and the mineral composition of clay fractions. Geothermally heated soils within the studied thermal fields are dominated by kaolinite-alunite-jarosite assemblage with subordinate amounts of montmorillonite, while montmorillonite prevailing in the mud-water pots is subjected to degradation when they dry out. Crystallization of salts from pore solutions in the near-surface horizons of the studied thermal fields can be exemplified by szomolnokite FeSO4‧H2O, metavoltine K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12·18H2O, leonite K2Mg(SO4)2‧2H2O, polyhalite K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4‧2H2O, mikasaite Fe2(SO4)3, alum and amorphous aluminum sulfate hydrate. Interaction of such solutions with montmorillonite will trigger the cation exchange reactions in the interlayer space of the layered silicate with attendant formation of predominantly Al,Fe-intercalated forms. Alumina hydrates entering the interlayer space of the montmorillonite are reflected by the band at ~ 2500 cm–1 on the infrared spectra attributed to the water coordinated to aluminum. In addition to aluminum and iron, other cations which are concentrated in the uppermost parts of geothermal clay blankets and penetrate into the interlayer space of montmorillonite are: Li+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Hg2+, etc. As a result, in the thermal field conditions, montmorillonite is intercalated with easily extractable elements, including lithium, mercury, barium and strontium, ammonium, at the level of units (the first tens of grams per ton).
The Inappropriate Usage and Marketing of Laundry Sanitizers in Infantile Atopic Dermatitis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fang Heping , Chen Lin , Li Juan , Ren Luo , Yin Yu , Chen Danleng , Yin Huaying , Liu Enmei , Luo Xiaoyan , Hu Yan
Published: September 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a shift in public perception and purchasing behavior towards disinfection products, leading to a global popularity of laundry sanitizers (LSs). However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the relationship between the use of LSs and infantile atopic dermatitis (AD).
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the use of LSs and infantile AD and to discuss possible options for improvement from the perspective of instructions and marketing strategies for these products.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional survey study that was divided into two parts. In Part 1, a web-based self-administered survey was conducted among 905 caregivers of children under 2 years old. The relationship between infantile AD and the use of LSs was evaluated by logistic regression. In Part 2, a survey was conducted to analyze the product instructions and marketing strategies of the 6 most frequently used LSs from Part 1. Potentially inadequate instructions and induced marketing strategies were evaluated using a qualitative approach.
Results
A total of 837 valid questionnaires were analyzed; 31.9% (267/837) of the children were identified as having infantile AD. Among the caregivers, 29.6% (248/837) reported using LSs, but only 39.1% (97/248) followed the instructions for use. Adjusted logistic regression revealed that children whose caregivers used LSs as instructed had a decreased risk of infantile AD (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.79) compared to those whose caregivers did not use LSs, while children whose caregivers did not use LSs as instructed had an increased risk (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.02–2.26). In addition, the product investigation showed that 3 of the 6 LSs induced consumers through COVID-19-related issues (such as health promotion during the pandemic). However, 5 of these products did not emphasize the importance of appropriate usage, and all 6 products were inappropriately marketed as friendly to the skin.
Conclusions
The appropriate use of LSs may decrease the risk of infantile AD, while inappropriate use of LSs may increase this risk. Inadequate information and inappropriate marketing of these products could have contributed to consumers underestimating the importance of using them appropriately.
Cancer Reporting and the Perspective of Health Workers on Cancer Management in Delta State, Nigeria: Evidence from a Survey
Authors: Ikutegbe Kimoni , Akpowowo Christiana , Egwuenu Abiodun , Joseph Isaac , Oluwagbohun Kemi , Egbu Ejike , Uchenna Divine , Ephraim Dafiewhare , Erinwusi Blessing , Betiku Bamidele , Nnabuike Tochukwu , Egwuenu Caleb
Published: September 2024

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Africa experiencing a substantial burden due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure. In 2020, approximately 1.1 million new cancer cases and 711,000 deaths were reported in Africa. In Nigeria, a significant portion of the population is affected by rising cancer incidences, particularly in Delta State. This study aimed to evaluate cancer care quality and identify prevalent cancer types, risk factors, and demographic characteristics of patients in Delta State. Data were collected from four hospitals from 1,659 cancer patients and 138 health workers. The study employed a secondary data analysis design for patient data and purposive sampling for health workers' surveys. Frequencies and proportions were calculated using the R Package. Over the five years, the highest number of cases, 440 (26.5%), were reported in 2020. Females constituted 78.8% of the reported cases, with most patients over 40 years old. Results indicated a high prevalence of breast cancer, 908(54.7%), and cervical cancer, 107(6.4%), among females. Prostate cancer 94(5.7%) was the most common among males, and for both sexes, the most common cancers were colorectal 211(12.7%) and pancreatic cancer 72(4.3%). Health workers reported significant challenges in cancer management, including a lack of trained oncologists, limited treatment options, and inadequate facilities. Most patients presented at advanced stages due to late detection, exacerbating treatment difficulties. The study highlights the urgent need for improved cancer care infrastructure and early detection programs in Delta State. Recommendations include establishing comprehensive cancer management departments, increasing access to diagnostic and treatment facilities, and implementing robust public education campaigns to promote early detection.
Correlation of perioperative serum NT-proBNP levels and early postoperative outcomes in infants undergoing pulmonary artery banding: A single-centre observational study.
Authors: Parmar Divyakant , Rajesh Venuthurupalli S P , KS Ram Kiran , Kumar Arun , Jamalpur Sravan Kumar
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Pulmonary artery banding (PA banding) is a crucial bridge for single ventricle and biventricular pathologies, providing hope and a pathway to definitive surgical solutions. This seemingly simple and short surgery without using cardiopulmonary bypass, however, carries high stakes due to the significant impact it can have on patient outcomes. In the scope of our study, we sought to examine the potential correlation between perioperative NT-proBNP levels and early postoperative outcomes, intending to ascertain whether these perioperative values could serve as predictors of early postoperative outcomes.
Material and methods:
The study involved patients who had PA banding surgery from May 2023 to April 2024 (Median age 126 days; Range 47–365 days) Pro NT BNP levels were measured before and after surgery at 2, 24, and 48 hours in the ICU. The study focused on early postoperative outcomes, including ventilation duration, ICU and hospital stay lengths, pulmonary artery band gradient, reexploration, and mortality.
Results:
After the surgical procedure, we observed a significant increase in pro-NT BNP levels, with a peak at 24 hours with a median value of 17413.6 pg/ml, followed by a gradual decrease over the next 48 hours. This rise was associated with a prolonged duration of ventilation and stay in the ICU (p < 0.05), indicating that higher pro-NT BNP levels may be indicative of a more complicated postoperative course. However, there was no statistically significant impact observed on the length of hospital stay or the maximum gradient across the pulmonary artery band (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
Our research has demonstrated that serum NT-proBNP levels can be a valuable indicator of early morbidity in patients undergoing pulmonary artery banding. These findings could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for patient management and care in the field of pediatric cardiac surgery.
Utilizing multiple indices for a comprehensive appraisal of the quality of groundwater and threats to health in the Amaravathi Basin, India
Authors: Rajendran Rajesh , Lakshmanan Elango , Muddu Sekhar , Rajmohan Natarajan , Senapathi Venkatramanan , Karthikeyan Brindha
Published: September 2024

In India, the quality of groundwater in the Amaravathi basin was thoroughly examined using the DWQI and IWQI. DWQI follows WHO standards, while the IWQI assesses water suitability for consumption, irrigation, and farming. High levels of F and NO3 have a detrimental impact on health and were evaluated using USEPA models for infants, children, and adults. 96 groundwater samples were analyzed and measured for EC, TDS, pH, and various ionic concentrations. Findings revealed that 42% of samples met DWQI standards due to high salinity, hardness, nitrate, and fluoride levels. USEPA guidelines indicated significant health risks from nitrate and fluoride, with the total hazard index exceeding one in many samples. High salinity rendered 33% of the sample unsuitable for irrigation, though most remained suitable for livestock. Spatial analysis revealed declining groundwater quality from the center to the east of the basin. Mapping identified wells needing attention from development efforts.
Evaluation of community engagement in the biopsychosocial model of integrated care at the first level of health services in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Kasongo Bertin Mutabesha , Karemere Hermès , Molima Christian Eboma Ndjangulu , Makali Samuel Lwamushi , Mparanyi Gérard Jacques , Mwene-Batu Pacifique Lyabayungu , Mawaw Paul Makan , Tambwe Albert Mwembo , Bisimwa Ghislain Balaluka , Mukalay Abdon Mukalay Wa
Published: September 2024

Background
WHO recognizes that achieving Universal Health Coverage as well as the Sustainable Development Goal related to health will succeed if a particular focus is placed on Primary Health Care, its different strategies including community engagement, and this by promoting the Person-Centered Care approach. Community engagement in the Biopsychosocial model of care is little explored. The aim of this study is to describe community involvement and engagement in decision-making and implementation of interventions around the biopsychosocial model of integrated health care at the health center level.
Methods
This qualitative research was conducted at the three levels of the Democratic Republic of Congo health system (national, provincial and peripheral in 3 Health Districts in South Kivu). We conducted 4 Focus Groups with Community Health Workers and 35 individual interviews with participants selected by convenience, including 12 members of the Health Areas Development Committees involved in the study and 23 health professionals at three levels of the health system, during the period from February to April 2024. A content analysis of the discourse from the various interviews was carried out.
Results
Community engagement around the biopsychosocial model of care is influenced by a variety of contextual factors, including active interaction between patient families, support bodies (patient clubs) and other local governance structures (Health Area Development Committees, Community Animation Units); social dynamics (participatory and collective planning of health activities, provider-community discussion spaces, community-based patient monitoring on prevention, care and promotion, service assessments); and available resources (community support funds).
Conclusions
Taking into account the financial and non-financial incentive factors mentioned in our study to facilitate the motivation and satisfaction of Community Health Workers, a broad awareness and dissemination of information on the biopsychosocial model at all levels of the health system, the activities of financial self-sufficiency also mentioned, accompanied by the framework measures, will contribute to a sustainable community engagement as well as the improvement of the quality of care and the use of health services.
Trichomonas Vaginalis Genotyping in Upper Egypt
Authors: Hussien Salah M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Egypt is a developing country with high population density and a high proportion of people with moderate or low socioeconomic levels. The threat of sexually transmitted diseases, such as trichomoniasis, forms an important public health concern. Trichomoniasis, especially in asymptomatic individuals, remains neglected and poorly addressed .Trichomonas Vaginalis, a parasitic protozoa that causes the sexually transmitted infection trichomoniasis, is the sexually transmitted infection with the largest annual incidence and considered as one of the neglected tropical parasitic infections. More understanding about genetic features of the parasite can be helpful in the study of the pathogenesis, drug susceptibility and epidemiology of the infection, we conducted analysis of the actin gene of T. vaginalis by applying the Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and nucleotide sequencing method.
Aim and objectives: To investigate the genetic variability of T.Vaginalis in infecting Egyptian women in Upper Egypt.
Patient & methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted during the period from 2019 to 2022 on 150 female patients attending the outpatient clinics outpatient clinics of gynecology and obstetrics at Sohag General Hospital with complaints suggestive of trichomoniasis. Vaginal washout samples were collected, and subjected to direct wet mount microscopic examination, and culture on TYM Diamond's medium, then analysis of the actin gene of T. vaginalis by PCR-RFLP( PCR amplification, restriction enzyme digestion) and detection of DNA fragments by electrophoresis in 2.5–3% (w/v) agarose gels
Results: By using direct wet-mount microscopic examination, out of 150 collected wash-out vaginal samples, 12 cases (8%) were positive for T. vaginalis trophozoites, and 16 samples (10.6%) were positive for culture , (13) samples applied to PCR-RFLP ,The restriction enzyme HindII digested the amplified products into three DNA fragments of 60, 213, and 827 bp. RsaI produced 5 DNA fragments of 87, 103\ 106, 236, & 568 bp, & MseI produced 3 different fragments of 204, 315, & 581 bp ,and detection of DNA fragments by electrophoresis in agarose gels .
Conclusion: According to our study Genotype E of T. vaginilais is the most prevalent in upper Egypt.
Retrograde Thoracic Duct Embolisation in an Idiopathic Case of Chylopericardium
Authors: Mak Renata Kiri , Fung Hon Shing , Chan Tak Kwong , Chum Hoi Leong
Published: September 2024

This is a novel case of idiopathic chylopericardium and chylothorax in a young gentleman with good past health. He first presented with dyspnea due to idiopathic chylopericardium, which was refractory to medical and surgical treatments, including medium chain triglyceride diet, octreotide, and video-assisted pericardial window. Chylopericardium persisted and progressed to concomitant left-sided chylothorax. He subsequently went through multiple imaging studies, including lymphoscintigraphy and an intranodal lymphangiogram, both of which confirmed a leakage in the thoracic duct. Finally, thoracic duct embolisation was performed via retrograde transvenous approach, which was successful with durable results. Idiopathic chylopericardium and chylothorax is extremely rare, but this case illustrates that it is an entity that can greatly impact the patient’s quality of life if left undiagnosed and untreated. While surgery can relieve cardiac tamponade, lymphatic imaging and intervention was key in diagnosing and treating the root cause of the condition. This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary efforts in managing rare cases, and how interventional radiology offers a minimally invasive but effective way of treating thoracic duct leakage. Retrograde thoracic duct embolisation is technically challenging but safe and effective.
Rapid diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniosis using antibody-conjugated gold Nanoparticles in comparison with molecular and parasitological methods
Authors: Hadipour Mahboubeh , Saberi Sedigheh , Mohebali Mehdi , Shakibapour Mahshid , Darani Hossein Yousofi , Abdellahi Latife
Published: September 2024

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniosis with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations is caused by the Leishmania parasites. For laboratory diagnosis using parasitological methods, patients’lesion biopsies are either examined under the microscope following appropriate staining or culture in a relevant medium. Although these methods are effective in the early stages of infection, they don’t yield enough sensitivity in chronic cases. Molecular methods usually have a high level of sensitivity and specificity but with the need for lab equipment, they are not suitable for field diagnosis. So, it is important to develop a rapid and point-of-care test to diagnose cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Method
In this work a lateral flow test for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniosis was developed. For evaluation of the test, thirty-eight patient samples with a clinical suggestion of CL were collected and examined using direct microscopy, culture, and PCR and then with the developed lateral flow test.
Results
Considering Microscopic examination, 28 out of 38 samples were positive and 10 out of 38 were negative. From 28 positive samples, 24, 26, and 26 became positive by cultivation, PCR, and lateral flow test respectively. From negative samples, 1 was positive with the lateral flow test. Considering microscopic results as the gold standard, the sensitivity of %92, %92, and %85 was estimated for lateral flow, molecular, and culture methods respectively.
Conclusion
The lateral flow test is a very rapid and easy test for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniosis especially in rural areas with fewer lab facilities.
Topical Tacrolimus Orabase Versus Topical Clobetasol Propionate Orabase in the Treatment of Symptomatic Oral Lichen Planus: a Pilot Randomized Study
Authors: Schroeder F. M.M. , Pedraça E. S. , Palma V. M. , Carrard V. C. , Martins M. A.T. , Maito F. L.D.M. , Lisbôa D. Q.M. , Visioli Fernanda
Published: September 2024

Objectives
This pilot study aimed to compare the efficacy of 0.1% tacrolimus and 0.05% clobetasol propionate in orabase for treating symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP).
Materials and Methods
Pilot, randomized, and controlled study conducted on 21 patients with symptomatic OLP, selected according to the clinical and histopathological criteria of Cheng et al. 2016. Twelve patients received 0.1% tacrolimus, and nine received 0.05% clobetasol, both in orabase for 30 days with a two-month follow-up. The patients were examined for scores of signs (ODSS), symptoms (VAS), quality of life (OHIP-14), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Scale), and treatment satisfaction (Hedonic Scale).
Results
Both treatments were effective in reducing ODSS, VAS, and Beck Anxiety Scale scores and performed well on the hedonic scale, yet without statistical difference between them. However, at the 1-month follow-up, patients in group C showed a greater percentage reduction in ODSS score compared to baseline by 50% (p = 0.02) and significantly lower average values (p = 0.03) than those in group T. Longitudinal intragroup analysis revealed significant improvements over time in both groups for ODSS, and only in the tacrolimus group for OHIP-14 and Beck scores.
Conclusions
Two tested protocols were effective over a three-month follow-up. However, due to the lower cost of clobetasol propionate it can be considered the first-choice option. Tacrolimus in orabase formulation may be a promising alternative for refractory lesions that do not respond to topical steroids.
Clinical Relevance
Managing symptomatic OLP is challenging. Comparisons between tacrolimus and clobetasol propionate in orabase formulations have not yet been thoroughly explored.
Strain Rate Influence on Flexural and Tensile Tests of Polymer-based Multilayer Packaging
Authors: Amorim Felipe , Reis João , Mattos Heraldo , Chianelli Rafael , Landin Fabrício
Published: September 2024

This study aims to develop and analyze the mechanical properties of a composite material made from carton packaging, with its composition being 100% waste, thus eliminating the addition of resin or fiber, making it an accessible and low-cost composite. Carton packaging, made of low-density polyethylene, aluminum, and paper, was created to store and preserve food characteristics for extended periods without the need for refrigeration during storage and transport. Additionally, being lightweight, it facilitates product transportation. Due to the fact that carton packaging consists of multiple layers of different materials, its demand for recycling is lower due to the detailed recycling process, which can lead to improper disposal in the environment. Based on these experimental results, it is proposed an analytical model to describe the tensile and the flexural behavior. The models allow the estimation of the stress vs. strain curves for any strain rate within specific limits \(\:{\dot{\epsilon\:}}_{min}\) and \(\:{\dot{\epsilon\:}}_{max}\). Since carton packaging is disposable after use, it is extremely important to find ways to reuse the waste, aiming to increase its recycling and develop a composite that is useful to society.
Floral Precision: Investigating Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Flowering with High Throughput Field Phenotyping and Object Detection
Authors: Oppliger Corina , Keller Beat , Zenkl Radek , Walter Achim
Published: September 2024

Background
Flowering is one of the most important and sensitive process throughout a plants life as it marks the start of the reproductive phase. Therefore, phenotyping the continuous development of flowering is crucial for crop breeding. For phenotyping, visual ratings have been a standard method for decades, to observe flowering dynamics by determining timepoints, such as start, end or duration. However, high throughput field phenotyping (HTFP) methods have emerged, providing an objective and efficient approach. We developed an approach that allows to collect detailed data not only about pea flowering dynamics, but additionally flower intensity (flowers per area). For this purpose, an object detection model, based on YOLOv8 was trained on RGB-images. The images were automatically acquired by the field phenotyping platform (FIP) of ETH Z¨urich for 12 pea breeding lines over two years.
Results
The trained model reached high accuracy for open flower detection, which allowed to monitor flower dynamics and intensity over time. Flower intensity throughout the development of the plants was highly correlated (R2= 0.967) to ground truth data taken in the field. Clear differences in timing, intensity of flowering and fruiting efficiency were detected between breeding lines and years. Furthermore, high correlation between maximal flower numbers and yield components such as seed amount were observed.
Conclusion
This automated, data-driven method of flower detection proved itself as a reliable tool. This is promising for the use of RGB imaging methods to objectively assess not only timing but also flower intensity. Flower intensity allows to predict seed amount and has therefore potential as selection trait in breeding program. In addition, fruiting efficiency could be included in breeding programs.
Refining Brain Stimulation Therapies: An Active Learning Approach to Personalization
Authors: Sendi Mohammad , Cole Eric , Piallat Brigitte , Ellis Charles , Eggers Thomas , Laxpati Nealen , Mahmoudi Babak , Gutekunst Claire-Anne , Devergnas Annaelle , Mayberg Helen , Gross Robert , Calhoun Vince
Published: September 2024

Brain stimulation holds promise for treating brain disorders, but personalizing therapy remains challenging. Effective treatment requires establishing a functional link between stimulation parameters and brain response, yet traditional methods like random sampling (RS) are inefficient and costly. To overcome this, we developed an active learning (AL) framework that identifies optimal relationships between stimulation parameters and brain response with fewer experiments. We validated this framework through three experiments: (1) in silico modeling with synthetic data from a Parkinson’s disease model, (2) in silico modeling with real data from a non-human primate, and (3) in vivo modeling with a real-time rat optogenetic stimulation experiment. In each experiment, we compared AL models to RS models, using various query strategies and stimulation parameters (amplitude, frequency, pulse width). AL models consistently outperformed RS models, achieving lower error on unseen test data in silico (p<0.0056, N=1000) and in vivo (p=0.0036, N=20). This approach represents a significant advancement in brain stimulation, potentially improving both research and clinical applications by making them more efficient and effective. Our findings suggest that AL can substantially reduce the cost and time required for developing personalized brain stimulation therapies, paving the way for more effective and accessible treatments for brain disorders.
Solar-wind Modelling: The Importance of Boundary Evolution
Authors: Owens Mathew , Barnard Luke , Arge Charles
Published: September 2024

The solar wind is a continual outflow of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun's upper atmosphere -- the corona -- that expands to fills the solar system. Variability in the near-Earth solar-wind conditions can produce adverse space weather that impacts ground- and space-based technologies. Consequently, numerical fluid models of the solar wind are used to forecast conditions a few days ahead. The inner-boundary conditions are supplied by observationally-constrained models of the corona. While solar eruptions -- coronal mass ejections (CMEs) -- are treated as time-dependent structures, a single coronal ''snapshot'' is typically used to determine the ambient solar-wind structure through which CMEs propagate. Thus, all available time-history information from previous coronal-model solutions is discarded and the solar wind is treated as a steady-state flow, unchanging in the rotating frame of the Sun. In this study, we use one year of daily-updated coronal-model solutions to comprehensively compare steady-state solar-wind modelling with a time-dependent method. We demonstrate, for the first time, how the SS approach can fundamentally misrepresent the accuracy of coronal models. We also attribute three key problems with current space-weather forecasting directly to the steady-state approach: (1) the seemingly paradoxical result that forecasts based on observations from 3-days previous are more accurate than forecasts based on the most recent observations; (2) high inconsistency, with forecasts for a given day jumping significantly as new observations become available and changing CME propagation times by up to 17 hours; and (3) insufficient variability in the heliospheric magnetic field, which controls solar energetic particle propagation to Earth. The time-dependent approach is shown to alleviate all three issues. It provides a consistent, physical solution which more accurately represents the information present in the coronal models. By incorporating the time history in the solar wind along the Sun-Earth line, the time-dependent approach will provide improvements to forecasting CME propagation to Earth.
Integrating Blockchain with Big Data for Secure Data Sharing: A Comprehensive Methodology
Authors: Hooda Akash , Hooda Arju , Yadav Disha
Published: September 2024

In today’s data-driven world, the volume of data managed by organizations is growing rapidly, presenting significant challenges in ensuring data security, integrity, and scalability. While blockchain technology offers robust security features, such as immutability and decentralization, it struggles with scalability issues, particularly in high-throughput environments. Conversely, big data frameworks like Hadoop and Spark excel in handling large datasets efficiently but often lack strong security mechanisms.
This research proposes a hybrid architecture that integrates the security of blockchain with the scalability of big data frameworks, creating a system capable of securely managing vast amounts of data in real-time. The architecture includes advanced encryption methods, off-chain data management, and seamless integration with existing big data tools, making it suitable for industries such as healthcare, finance, and IoT. Through a comprehensive methodology involving literature review, requirement analysis, architectural design, and performance evaluation, the study demonstrates that this hybrid approach significantly enhances both security and scalability, offering a future-ready solution for secure data sharing across various sectors.
A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies on Celiac Disease.
Authors: Omar Mahmud , Agbareia Reem , Nassar Salih , Omar Mohammad , Naffaa Mohammad E. , Lahat Adi , Sharif Kassem
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective: Mendelian randomization (MR) has become an important tool in epidemiology, used to infer causal relationships diseases. This review aims to consolidate existing MR evidence concerning celiac disease (CeD).
Methods: We systematically searched major databases up to May 2024, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Only MR studies explicitly investigating CeD were included. We assessed the quality of each study based on the strength, independence, and exclusivity of the instrumental variables used.
Results: From an initial pool of 207 articles, 35 met our inclusion criteria. These studies frequently addressed the relationship between CeD and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and explored connections with gut microbiota, various cancers, and metabolic disorders. Significant findings highlight a robust bi-directional association between IBD and CeD and complex interactions with gut microbiota. Notably, many associations reported were near the threshold of clinical significance.
Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the dual nature of current MR evidence on CeD. On one hand, we observe consistent associations between CeD, IBDs, and gut microbiota. On the other, there is a plethora of weaker associations that raise critical questions about their clinical and research significance. This work lays a solid foundation for deeper investigations into these weaker links, particularly in relation to lymphomas and psychiatric conditions. It calls for an expanded use of MR and other methodologies to explore under-researched areas.
Exploring the Determinants of Patient Satisfaction in Emergency Healthcare: Evidence from Irish EDs
Authors: Swallmeh Esmat , Abo-Hamad Waleed , Rashwan Wael
Published: September 2024

Background
Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator of healthcare quality, particularly in emergency departments (EDs), and it influences both clinical outcomes and institutional reputation. In Ireland, despite the significant challenges faced by these settings, including long waiting times and resource constraints, patient satisfaction in EDs has not been thoroughly explored. This article aimed to determine the key indicators influencing patient satisfaction in an Irish Emergency Department (ED).
Methods
This study was conducted in the ED of an adult teaching hospital in Ireland, utilising a patient satisfaction survey distributed to individuals aged 16 and above who visited the ED. The patient satisfaction determinants were evaluated by estimating multivariate models using PLS analysis to test hypotheses and examine the associations between patient satisfaction dimensions and overall patients’ satisfaction as a dependent outcome measure.
Results
The analysis revealed that patient satisfaction is significantly and positively influenced by the dimensions of information, responsiveness, and assurance. These findings are crucial for understanding and improving healthcare quality. Interestingly, reliability was found to have a negative impact on patient satisfaction. However, it was also found to play a mediating role in the relationship between information and patient satisfaction, highlighting the complex dynamics of patient satisfaction. The dimensions of tangibility and empathy were not significantly associated with overall satisfaction. The expected mediation effect of responsiveness on reliability and satisfaction was not supported.
Conclusion
The findings of this study offer valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers. By emphasizing the critical importance of improving the quality of information provided to patients, addressing issues related to reliability, and enhancing responsiveness, this study provides practical guidance for enhancing patient satisfaction in emergency care settings. These factors are crucial in meeting patient expectations and boosting overall satisfaction. Continuous monitoring and targeted interventions are recommended to ensure that patient satisfaction levels are maintained and improved in the dynamic environment of emergency care. Implementing these strategies can lead to better patient experiences, improved clinical outcomes, and a stronger institutional reputation.
Multimodality imaging features of orbital Necrobiotic Xantogranuloma (XNG)
Authors: Shadmani Ghazal
Published: September 2024

Background
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis that primarily manifests as skin lesions and is often associated with hematologic disorders, particularly monoclonal gammopathy. The orbit is the most common site of extracutaneous involvement in NXG. Since its first description in 1980, the molecular pathology and dermatologic characteristics of NXG have been extensively studied. However, there is no comprehensive multimodality description of the imaging features of orbital NXG in the literature. This study aimed to describe the imaging features of NXG and provide a brief overview of the imaging differentials.
Patient presentation
: A 16-year-old young man with an underlying immunologic imbalance was referred to our center for evaluation of a 9-year history of a slowly growing right orbital mass, which resulted in vision loss in his right eye. His medical history included systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (sJRA) and a genetic abnormality that predisposed him to immunologic imbalance. To further characterize the orbital lesion, CT, MRI, and FDG PET/MRI were performed. A biopsy of the most hypermetabolic component of the infiltrative retro-orbital mass confirmed the diagnosis of NXG. He underwent high-dose IVIG therapy and bone marrow stem cell transplantation, which resulted in a slight reduction in the right orbital mass.
Conclusion
This paper presents the first multimodality imaging features of orbital necrobiotic xanthogranuloma in an adolescent patient.
Does Love Forgive All? The Role of the Romantic Love Narrative in the Legitimization of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Glomb Kaja , Sekulak Martyna , Augustyn Agata , Michałkiewicz Natalia
Published: September 2024

This study examines the influence of romantic narratives on perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its legitimization. Through two experiments, we investigate how romantic themes in narratives shape views of victims, offenders, and the legal consequences of IPV. Participants read journalistic pieces depicting acts of violence varying in relationship details and motives. Experiment 1 (n = 182) explored romantic versus non-romantic motives within romantic relationships, while Experiment 2 (n = 352) expanded to non-romantic relationships. Our findings consistently reveal a tendency to attribute greater accountability to victims when a prior romantic relationship with the offender is mentioned. Furthermore, narratives featuring both romantic motives for violence and romantic relationships are associated with increased victim blaming and anticipation of more lenient punishment compared to narratives devoid of romantic themes. Gender-specific responses were also observed. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of the portrayal of IPV victims as "non-ideal victims" and societal stereotypes surrounding romantic love.
“Reviving museum oddities: rehydrating Trematodes curiosities!” A successful method for rehydrating dried museum specimens for a revision of the genus Octangium (Trematoda), parasites of green sea turtle Chelonia mydas
Authors: Bouguerche Chahinez
Published: September 2024

Octangium Looss, 1902 is a taxonomically challenging genus of microscaphidiid trematodes, with members harmful at the adult stage to their reptile hosts, the turtles. In Arthur Loss’s collection preserved at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, we found mounted slides of O. sagitta (Looss, 1899) and of O. hasta Looss, 1902, and vials containing Octangium spp. preserved in ethanol from a host and locality matching those listed in Looss (1899), suggesting that this is the part of type material. Unfortunately, several specimens were dried. We attempted herein to rehydrate them, make whole stained mounts, and investigate the material. Additionally, we examined several specimens of O. sagitta and O. hasta from the Invertebrate collections at the SMNH and provided illustrated redescriptions. In light of the available data, also discuss records of O. sagitta, O. hasta, and previous species synonymized with O. sagitta and provide a key for the identification of Octangium spp. We herein reinstate Octangium takanoi Kobayashi, 1921 and O. hasta, and amend Octangium based on a re-examination of adult specimens of the type material of O. sagitta [type species] and of O. hasta, infecting the intestine of the green sea turtle Chelonia mydas. We demonstrate that O. takanoi differs from O. sagitta by being twice smaller, by the shape of the oral sucker (rectangular vs. rounded), and especially by the extent of vitellaria, with their anterior end situated at the level of the anterior margin of the testes in O. takanoi, while they extend to the intestinal bifurcation in O. sagitta. Additionally, they can be easily distinguished by more anterior placing of the testes in O. takanoi. Similarly, O. hasta can be easily distinguished from O. sagitta by being significantly smaller in all body measurements. More importantly, O. sagitta and O. hasta can be easily distinguished by the shape of the oral sucker. We refute thus the synonymies between O. sagitta and the two species O. takanoi and O. hasta, and we reinstate the two latter species as valid species. We summarized and mapped the distribution of current valid species of the genus Octangium.
CHALLENGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POST-PARTUM PREECLAMPSIA WITH DELAYED PRESENTATION
Authors:   Senior Specialist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hatta Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE., H. Rangwala Tasneem , Y. Alhubaishi Laila ,   Consultant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Latifa Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE., E. Alzarooni Ayesha ,   Resident, Department of General Surgery, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE.
Published: September 2024

Hypertension in the postpartum period is common in women with prior hypertensive disorders during pregnancy but can also appear newly for the first time after childbirth. Whether postpartum preeclampsia or eclampsia is distinct from its antepartum counterpart needs to be studied in future research. Definitions wise, postpartum preeclampsia should be considered in women who develop new hypertension between 48 hours and 6 weeks postpartum. This condition is understudied, with limited guidelines for diagnosis and management. Most cases present within 7 to 10 days after delivery, most commonly with headaches. New-onset hypertension with severe features should be diagnosed as postpartum preeclampsia after excluding other neurological, cardiovascular or metabolic causes, in order to institute timely management of the condition. Unlike antepartum Pre-eclampsia where delivery of the fetus remains the cornerstone of management, the treatment in postpartum period mainly involves antihypertensive agents, magnesium, and diuretics. Postpartum preeclampsia may pose a higher risk of maternal morbidity than preeclampsia of antepartum onset and delayed onset postpartum preeclampsia is associated with higher maternal complications because of unpredictable onset, variable symptoms and late recognition by healthcare providers. The aim of our review is to increase awareness about delayed onset Preeclampsia amongst clinicians and highlight the need for better understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition and guidance to reduce postpartum maternal morbidity and mortality.
INTEGRATING VERNACULAR MATERIALS INTO CONTEMPORARY DESIGN
Authors: Sharma Shivangi
Published: September 2024

Vernacular architecture is characterized by its reliance on needs, construction materials and traditions specific to its particular locality. It is a type of architecture which is indigenous to a specific time and place and not replicated from elsewhere. It is relatively energy efficient and sustainable. Providing a vital connection between humans and the environment in which they live. For this reason, they are unique to different places in the world, becoming even a means of reaffirming an identity. On the other hand, Contemporary architecture is a form of construction that embodies the various styles of building designs stemming from a wide range of influences. Clean lines, open spaces and a lack of fuss and ornament are the hallmarks of contemporary architecture. This paper discusses the vernacular architecture, vernacular materials and contemporary architecture based on available literature. The study finds that vernacular architecture can be integrated with contemporary needs taking stone as the vernacular material keeping sustainability as a priority.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE TOWARDS ADOPTION OF TEMPORARY FAMILY PLANNING METHOD ANTARA INJECTION AMONG THE ELIGIBLE COUPLES IN THE SELECTED COMMUNITY AREAS OF DEHRADUN
Authors:   MSC. Nursing Tutor Dims Faculty of Nursing., Joshi Gunjan
Published: September 2024

A descriptive study to assess the level of knowledge and attitude towards adoption of temporary family planning method Antara injection among the eligible couples in the selected community areas of Dehradun. Objectives- 1) To assess the level of knowledge regarding adoption of temporary family planning method Antara injection. 2) To find out the association between knowledge and selected demographic variables. Methodology: Quantitative research approach with descriptive research design was used in the study. The study was conducted in the community areas of Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Total enumeration sampling was to collect data from 100 subjects by using Demographic profile, Self-structured awareness questionnaire and Likert scale. Result: 36% individuals were within the age group of 21-27 years. While 35% individuals belonged to the age group of 28-34 years. 25% individuals belonged to the age group of 35-41 years and3% individuals belonged to 42-47 years. 5.5% of individuals had adequate knowledge, 70% of individuals had moderate knowledge, 24.5% of individuals had inadequate knowledge regarding temporary family planning method Antara injection. And there is no significant association between score level and demographic variables. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a need to focus on the eligible couples to motivate for Antara injection and majority of individual had moderate or inadequate knowledge.
INCIDENCE AND MORPHOLOGY OF ACCESSORY FORAMEN TRANSVERSARIUM IN TYPICAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar (Student) Gujarat University, Department of Anatomy, GMERS Medical College Panchmahal Godhra, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Pateliya Urmila , Gupta Sunita ,   Ph.D. Guide) Gujarat University Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, NAMO Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cervical vertebrae shows presence of foramen transversarium on transverse process. It is formed by the fusion of the costal element with the true transverse process of cervical vertebrae. the vertebral artery, vertebral vein,and sympathetic nerves passes through the foramen. In seventh cervical vertebrae passes vertebral vein. These foramina shows variations in size, shape and number. Variation of these foramina may lead to many symptom. Material and Method: Our study include 440 typical cervical vertebrae from various medical collage of Gujarat. All these vertebrae observed macroscopically for variation of foramina transversarium. Findings were noted and photographed. Result: Accessory foramen transversarium is found in 89 (20.22%) vertebrae. Out of 89 typical cervical vertebrae, 62(14%) vertebrae shows complete Accessory foramen transversarium and 27(6.13) vertebra shows incomplete accessory foramen transversarium. Bilateral complete foramen transversarium is found in 24 vertebrae. 22 vertebrae shows right side complete AFT and 16 vertebra with left side complete AFT. Bilateral incomplete foramen transversarium is found in 8 vertebrae. 8 vertebrae with right side incomplete AFT and 11 vertebra with left side incomplete AFT. Conclusion: Knowledge of these variation is helpful for the neurosurgeon and radiologist for interpretation of x-ray and planning surgery.