bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Perioperative Prophylaxis Guideline on Post–Cardiothoracic Surgery Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Li Rosanna , White C. Michael , Mehmeti Jola , Martin Spencer T. , Hobbs Laura C.
Published: May 2017

Background: National practice guidelines do not provide clear recommendations on combination pharmacological regimens to reduce cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). Objective: This study examines if there is a reduction in POAF rates after implementing a perioperative prophylaxis guideline that includes amiodarone, β-blockers, and high-intensity statins. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected on 400 adults (200 patients pre–guideline implementation and 200 patients post–guideline implementation) with a CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive Heart Failure, Hypertension, Age, Diabetes Mellitus, and Vascular Disease) score of at least 3 points after CTS. Data were collected on the incidence of POAF lasting more than 5 minutes and secondary outcomes, including the length of hospitalization, guideline adherence rate, adverse events, and timeliness of POAF treatment. Results: Guideline implementation increased prophylactic amiodarone ( P < 0.0001), statin ( P = 0.029), and high-intensity statin ( P = 0.002) use without changing β-blocker use (64.5% vs 67.0%, P = 0.673) and reduced POAF (39.5% vs 52.0%, P = 0.016) and ventricular tachycardia (15.5% vs 24.5%, P = 0.034) compared with preguideline rates. Length of hospitalization and other postoperative adverse events, including stroke and mortality, were not statistically different. Subgroup analyses of patients who were adherent to both the amiodarone and β-blocker recommendations (28% of the total) or to all 3 recommended therapies (24% of the total) had significant decreases in POAF ( P = 0.001; P < 0.001), length of hospitalization ( P = 0.023; P = 0.049), length of intensive care unit stay ( P = 0.045; P = 0.040), and ventricular tachycardia ( P = 0.008; P = 0.017) compared with preguideline patients, respectively. Conclusions: A perioperative guideline of amiodarone, β-blockers, and high-intensity statins reduced POAF, but better benefits may result from enhanced adherence.
Fosfomycin tromethamine for the Treatment of Cystitis in Abdominal Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Renal Dysfunction
Authors: Kerstenetzky Luiza , Jorgenson Margaret R. , Descourouez Jillian L. , Leverson Glen , Rose Warren E. , Redfield Robert R. , Smith Jeannina A.
Published: May 2017

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) after abdominal solid organ transplantation (SOT) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Fosfomycin tromethamine (FOS), a uroselective antibiotic, is FDA approved for uncomplicated UTIs in women and is used off-label for complicated UTIs and prostatitis in men. Literature supporting the use of FOS in the SOT population is limited, and efficacy is questioned in the setting of renal dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate the success of FOS for the treatment of cystitis in SOT patients with renal dysfunction. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study using medical records. SOT recipients receiving at least 1 dose of FOS for treatment of cystitis between January 1, 2009, and April 30, 2015, were included. Treatment outcomes were analyzed with respect to renal function. Results: A total of 76 courses of FOS were identified in 64 patients. The renal dysfunction arm (creatinine clearance [CrCl] < 40 mL/min) included 33 patients with 39 FOS courses; the normal renal function arm (CrCl ≥ 40 mL/min) included 31 patients with 37 FOS courses. Mean CrCl was 23.3 ± 9.7 mL/min for the renal-dysfunction group and 65 ± 29.3 mL/min for the normal renal function group ( P < 0.01). No significant difference in treatment success was noted between CrCl <40 mL/min and CrCl ≥40 mL/min (31 [80%] vs 34 [92%], P = 0.12) in a unilateral analysis. After adjusting for confounders in a multivariable analysis, there was no difference in the risk of failure between CrCl <40 mL/min and CrCl ≥40 mL/min groups ( P = 0.70). Conclusion: FOS appears to be successful for the treatment of cystitis in SOT recipients in the setting of renal dysfunction.
Whole Blood Platelet Aggregation Test and Prediction of Hemostatic Difficulty After Tooth Extraction in Patients Receiving Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Nagao Yasushi , Masuda Rikuo , Ando Akane , Nonaka Mutsumi , Nishimura Akiko , Goto Kinuko , Maruoka Yasubumi , Iijima Takehiko
Published: May 2017

When patients on antiplatelet therapy (APT) require minor invasive surgery, APT is usually continued to limit the risk of thrombosis. However, the possibility of hemostatic difficulties necessitates the monitoring of platelet aggregation to prevent unexpected bleeding. We examined whether whole blood aggregometry as a point-of-care testing (POCT) could be useful as a tool for predicting hemostatic difficulties. Sixty-five patients receiving APT and 15 patients who were not receiving APT were enrolled in the present study; all patients were scheduled to undergo a tooth extraction. Whole blood samples were obtained and were examined using multiple electrode aggregometry. The aggregometry was performed using arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and thrombin receptor activating peptide. Hemostatic difficulty was defined as a need for more than 10 minutes of compression to achieve hemostasis. The AA test results were significantly lower in patients treated with aspirin (control: 97.7 [29.0] U, aspirin: 14.5 [7.2] U, P < .001). The ADP test results were also significantly lower in patients treated with a P2Y12 inhibitor (control: 77.7 [21.7] U, P2Y12 inhibitor: 37.3 [20.4] U, P < .01). Six of the examined cases exhibited hemostatic difficulties. The cutoff values for the prediction of hemostatic difficulty were 16.5 U for the AA test (sensitivity, 0.833; specificity, 0.508) and 21 U for the ADP test (sensitivity, 0.847; specificity, 0.500). Our study showed that whole blood aggregometry was useful as a POCT for the prediction of hemostatic difficulties after tooth extraction in patients receiving APT.
Using passive control by a pendulum in a portal frame platform with piezoelectric energy harvesting
Authors: Rocha Rodrigo T , Balthazar Jose M , Tusset Angelo M , Piccirillo Vinicius
Published: May 2017

This work presents a passive control strategy using a pendulum on a simple portal frame structure, with two-to-one internal resonance, with a piezoelectric material coupling as a means of energy harvesting. In addition, the system is externally base-excited by an electro-dynamical shaker with harmonic output. Due to internal resonance the system may present the phenomenon of saturation, which provides some nonlinear dynamical behavior to the system. A pendulum is coupled to control nonlinear behaviors, leading to a periodic orbit, which is necessary to maintain energy harvesting. The results show that the system presents, most of the time, as being quasiperiodic. However, it does not present as being chaotic. With the pendulum, it was possible to control most of these quasiperiodic behaviors, leading to a periodic orbit. Moreover, it is possible to eliminate the need for an active or semi-active control, which are usually more complex. In addition, the control provides a way to detune the energy captured to the desired operating frequency.
Exploring the Role of Executive Functioning Capacity in Patient Activation and Health Outcomes Among Medicaid Members With Multiple Comorbidities
Authors: Case Kimberly , Guo Yi , Nixon Sara Jo , Muller Keith , Huo Tianyao , Prather Robert , Morris Heather , Stoner Dena , Shenkman Elizabeth
Published: May 2017

Patient activation, the perceived capacity to manage one’s health, is positively associated with better health outcomes and lower costs. Underlying characteristics influencing patient activation are not completely understood leading to gaps in intervention strategies designed to improve patient activation. We suggest that variability in executive functioning influences patient activation and ultimately has an impact on health outcomes. To examine this hypothesis, 440 chronically ill Medicaid enrollees completed measures of executive functioning, patient activation, and health-related quality of life. Mediation analyses revealed that executive functioning: (a) directly affected patient activation and mental health-related quality of life, (b) indirectly affected mental health-related quality of life through patient activation, and (c) was unrelated to physical health-related quality of life. These data indicate that further study of the relationships among neurocognitive processes, patient activation, and health-related quality of life is needed and reinforces previous work demonstrating the association between patient activation and self-reported outcomes.
Mobilities of Language and Literacy Ideologies: Dual Language Graduates’ Bilingualism and Biliteracy
Authors: Granados Nadia R.
Published: May 2017

Using qualitative methodology, this research examines how graduates of a K-5 dual language immersion program have experienced multiple and competing social, cultural, institutional, and political forces at play in complex processes that ultimately affect one’s mobilities of language, literacy, and learning. These students have now grown into adulthood, and the extent to which their past experiences as dual language students have affected their current language and literacy ideologies and practices is examined. As graduates experienced and internalized notions of Spanish as social, cultural, economic, and literacy capital, this likely contributed to current ideologies that greatly esteem bilingualism and biliteracy. The findings highlight that ideologies of language and literacy are neither static nor fixed, but over time, they have been molded and reshaped in a very fluid and lively process.
Starting From … Now and the web series to television crossover: an online revolution?
Authors: Monaghan Whitney
Published: May 2017

Over the past two decades, television has moved rapidly into an era marked by increased choice, flexibility and greater diversity of representation. Coinciding with this is a rise in new storytelling forms, such as web series, which have gained traction online and via traditional means. These developments have also manifested the phenomenon of the web series to television crossover. This article looks to Starting From … Now (2014–2016), a lesbian-themed web series that was broadcast on SBS2 in 2016 and, subsequently, described as a ‘revolution’ in Australian television. Examining the industrial context and critical reception of the series, this article assesses the validity of this claim. This research elucidates the place of web series in Australia’s shifting television landscape and highlights how Starting From … Now confronts the lack of diversity in Australian TV drama.
Being ‘really real’ on YouTube: authenticity, community and brand culture in social media entertainment
Authors: Cunningham Stuart , Craig David
Published: May 2017

This article develops an analytical framework to understand the modes of address of native-to-online content types (gameplay, do-it-yourself (DIY) beauty, personality vlogging). These types of content differ sharply from established screen entertainment and are constituted from intrinsically interactive audience-centricity and appeal to authenticity and community in a commercialising space which we call ‘social media entertainment’. The article offers a revisionist analysis of the shaping and disciplining of brand culture through the twinned discourses of authenticity and community. The significance of social media entertainment lies in that, for a great many especially young viewers, this is what television is, now.
Distress signals: Does cognitive behavioural therapy reduce or increase distress in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis?
Authors: Laws Keith R
Published: May 2017

Reducing the psychological distress associated with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis is seen as a key aim of cognitive behavioural therapy. Although cognitive behavioural therapy is promoted precisely in this manner by the National Institute of Clinical Excellence, the evidence base on distress reduction from randomised controlled trials is limited, equivocal and poor quality. Crucially, data derived from multiple patient surveys point to worsening and increase distress; however, despite being invited, such data have been dismissed as second class by National Institute of Clinical Excellence. Crucially, the claim by National Institute of Clinical Excellence that cognitive behavioural therapy reduces distress in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis is not only at odds with what patients repeatedly report in surveys, but with their own gold-standard randomised controlled trial and meta-analytic data.
Mothers’ depressive symptoms and their children’s Turkish heritage language vocabulary development
Authors: Willard Jessica A , Hammer Carol Scheffner , Bitetti Dana , Cycyk Lauren M , Leyendecker Birgit
Published: May 2017

Aims:

This study examined associations between mothers’ depressive symptoms and the Turkish heritage vocabulary of their school-age children. We expected that mothers’ depressive symptoms would be associated with lower Turkish vocabulary scores in fourth grade as well as slower growth in vocabulary scores from fourth to sixth grade.

Design:

We collected longitudinal data on 139 mothers of Turkish origin in Germany and their children in fourth, fifth, and sixth grade. Mothers reported on the level of their depressive symptoms, and children were administered a Turkish receptive vocabulary test.

Analysis:

Data were analyzed with growth curve modeling.

Findings and conclusions:

Mothers’ depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with children’s vocabulary in fourth grade. However, mothers’ depressive symptoms did predict slower growth in children’s vocabulary from fourth to sixth grade. The higher a mother’s depressive symptoms score, the slower the growth of her child’s Turkish vocabulary.

Originality:

To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the association between mothers’ depressive symptoms and their children’s vocabulary development during the school-age years, and the second to examine it for heritage language development.

Significance and implications:

Our findings suggest that mothers’ depressive symptoms may be one risk factor limiting parents in successfully passing on the heritage language to their children, even during school-age. Families as well as medical, psychological, and educational professionals should be made aware of the role of mothers’ depressive symptoms in their children’s language development.
Cleaning and infection control of airway clearance devices used by CF patients
Authors: Manor Eynav , Gur Michal , Geffen Yuval , Bentur Lea
Published: May 2017

Respiratory treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients includes use of respiratory devices. Contamination of airway clearance devices has not been adequately explored. We aimed to determine whether airway clearance devices are contaminated after use and whether cleaning guidelines for nebulizers are as effective for airway clearance devices. Patients brought their airway clearance devices to the clinic. Swabs from the devices were taken before and after cleaning and were cultured for bacterial counts. Total colony-forming units (CFU) was determined, and predominant colonies were identified using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry technology. Thirty devices were collected from 23 patients. Most of the devices (28/30) were contaminated when brought to the clinic. Complete bacterial eradication was achieved in 15 (50%) samples and partial eradication in 9 (30%). The cleaning was totally ineffective in four samples. Median CFU decreased significantly from 1250 (IQR 25–75% 175–10.000) to 0 (IQR 25–75% 0–700) before and after cleaning ( p < 0.0001). The predominant organisms were identified in five samples only, and there was no concordance with sputum culture results. Airway clearance devices are contaminated after use, and appropriate cleaning can reduce contamination. The effect on disease progression in CF patients is unclear. There is a need for infection prevention and control guidelines for the growing number of respiratory devices.
Flexor Tendon Ruptures After Distal Scaphoid Excision for Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid Osteoarthritis
Authors: Deren Matthew E. , Mitchell Charles H. , Weiss Arnold-Peter C.
Published: May 2017

Background: Distal scaphoid excision is one treatment option for osteoarthritis of the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint following failure of conservative measures. Potential complications of this procedure include injury to the carpal ligaments, cartilage, and radial artery. Methods: A single case was identified by the senior author, and the medical record was reviewed for surgical notes, progress notes, and radiographs. Results: A 68-year-old male sustained ruptures of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and flexor digitorum profundus to the index finger 3 years following a distal scaphoid excision for symptomatic STT osteoarthritis. He required a flexor tendon reconstruction using the remaining FDS tendon for graft incorporated with a Pulvertaft weave. His midcarpal pain continued after recovery of his index finger function, eventually requiring a 4-corner fusion of the wrist. Conclusions: Flexor tendon rupture is a previously unreported complication of distal scaphoid excision for STT arthritis.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Following Corrective Osteotomy for Distal Radius Malunion: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gary Cyril , Shah Ajul , Kanouzi Jack , Golas Alyssa R. , Frey Jordan D. , Le Brian , Hacquebord Jacques , Thanik Vishal
Published: May 2017

Background: Although median nerve neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) are known complications of both untreated and acutely treated distal radius fracture, median neuropathy after correction of distal radius malunion is not commonly reported in hand surgery literature. We describe a patient with severe CTS after corrective osteotomy, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with a volar locking plate (VLP), and bone grafting for distal radius malunion. Methods: We report a case of severe acute CTS as a complication of corrective osteotomy with bone grafting for distal radius malunion. Results: The patient was treated with surgical exploration of the median nerve and carpal tunnel release. Conclusion: The authors report a case of acute CTS after ORIF with VLP for a distal radius malunion warranting surgical exploration and carpal tunnel release. Treatment teams must be aware of this potential complication so that the threshold for reoperation is low and irreversible damage to the median nerve is prevented.
Successful mechanical thrombectomy in a comatose patient with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: A case report
Authors: Verhagen Merel JJ , van Es Adriaan CGM , Lycklama à Nijeholt Geert J , Jellema Korné , Coutinho Jonathan , van den Wijngaard Ido R
Published: May 2017

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a rare cause of stroke, which is routinely treated with systemic heparin. Unfavourable outcome is often seen in severe cases. Therefore alternative treatment methods should be explored in these patients. Due to the risk of haemorrhagic complications, treatment without administration of thrombolytics is of particular interest. This report presents a case of successful mechanical thrombectomy, without the use of thrombolytics, in a comatose patient with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
Law’s Pluralism: Getting to the Heart of the Rule of Law
Authors: Chalmers Shane
Published: May 2017

This article makes a theoretical argument for reimagining “the rule of law” in light of “legal pluralism.” Building on the work of Desmond Manderson and Roderick Macdonald in particular, the article considers what it means for law’s pluralism – the differences that animate the everyday life of law – to be the very pulse of its rule. In doing so, the article seeks to open the frame that has been placed around the rule of law in two ways. On one side: to see beyond the law that is made intelligible through institutionalized modes of expression to the law that is made sensible through the richly expressive media of human culture (thus opening the frame around the “law” that is seen to rule). And on the other side: to see beyond law as a mode of governance to law in the everyday lives of subjects (thus opening the frame around how this law is seen to “rule”). The result is a reimagination of the rule of law as a broadly socio-cultural phenomenon rather than a narrowly legal-institutional arrangement. The article proceeds in two steps, beginning with law’s pluralism before turning to law’s rule.
Let the Lord the Judge be Judge: Hobbes and Locke on Jephthah, Liberalism and Martyrdom
Authors: Bradley Arthur
Published: May 2017

This article offers the first comparative study of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke’s readings of the Biblical figure of Jephthah the Gileadite and, in particular, the latter’s notorious appeal to God that leads to the killing of his own daughter. To outline its argument, I focus on a critical moment in Hobbes and Locke’s corpuses where they both appeal to Jephthah’s vow to support their theories of sovereign right: Hobbes’ account of the right to punish in Leviathan and Locke’s account of the right to go to war in the “Second Treatise of Government.” If Hobbes and Locke’s readings of Jephthah differ considerably – the one focusing on Jephthah’s daughter, the other on Jephthah himself; the one exploring domestic political theory, the other international relations theory; the one seeking to legitimize the right to punish, the other the right to go to war – I contend that both see Jephthah’s story as an allegory for the origins of sovereign violence in self-sacrifice or even martyrdom. For Hobbes and Locke, Jephthah’s fate becomes a kind of arcane theological paradigm for sovereign killing: what begins as the religious power to die ends up as the political power to kill. In the obscure story of Jephthah the Gileadite, then, I conclude that Hobbes and Locke set in motion what we might call a martyrological machine at the core of the modern liberal state. What if liberalism is constituted less by its professed love of “life” – private interest, private property, self-preservation, self-determination – than a willingness to sacrifice everything and die?
Remaining useful life prediction for non-stationary degradation processes with shocks
Authors: Ke Xiaojie , Xu Zhengguo , Wang Wenhai , Sun Youxian
Published: May 2017

Predict the remaining useful life of devices in real time is important to maintenance management. This article addresses a remaining useful life predictive problem where the considered device suffers from non-stationary degradation with shocks. A novel degradation-shock system model subjected to a hidden degradation state is proposed to characterize the degradation process. To estimate the hidden system state, the Kalman filter is modified with optimal estimation. Then, based on Bayes’ theorem, a recursive algorithm is presented to estimate the unknown parameters of the model. With the proposed approach, the hidden state and unknown parameters can be updated at each sampling instant. Subsequently, the analytical solution for the remaining useful life is obtained, while the characteristics of the shocks as well as the uncertainties of the estimated system state are taken into account. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by a numerical simulation and a practical case study on a milling machine.
An Optical-Fiber-Based Smart Textile (Smart Socks) to Manage Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated With Diabetic Foot Amputation
Authors: Najafi Bijan , Mohseni Hooman , Grewal Gurtej S. , Talal Talal K. , Menzies Robert A. , Armstrong David G.
Published: May 2017

Objective:

This study aimed to validate a smart-textile based on fiber-optics for simultaneous measurement of plantar temperature, pressure, and joint angles in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods:

After in-vitro validation in the laboratory, 33 eligible subjects with DPN were recruited (age: 58 ± 8 years, BMI: 31.5 ± 8 kg/m2) for assessing plantar pressure and temperature during habitual gait-speed in a clinical-setting. All participants were asked to walk at their habitual speed while wearing a pair of sensorized socks made from highly flexible fiber optics (SmartSox). An algorithm was designed to estimate temperature, pressure, and toe range of motion from optical wavelength generated from SmartSox. To validate the device, results from thermal stress response (TSR) using thermography and peak pressure measured by computerized pressure insoles (F-Scan) were used as gold standards.

Results:

In laboratory and under controlled conditions, the agreements for parameters of interest were excellent ( r > .98, P = .000), and no noticeable cross-talks between measurements of temperature, angle, and pressure were observed. During clinical data acquisition, a significant correlation was found for pressure profile under different anatomical regions of interest between SmartSox and F-Scan ( r = .67, P < .050) as well as between thermography and SmartSox ( r = .55, P < .050).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates the validity of an innovative smart textile for assessing simultaneously the key parameters associated with risk of foot ulcers in patients with DPN. It may empower clinicians to objectively stratify foot risk and provide timely care. Another study is warranted to validate its clinical application in preventing limb threating problems in patients with DPN.
Barriers to Multiculturalism
Authors: Perry Ryan , Priest Naomi , Paradies Yin , Barlow Fiona Kate , Sibley Chris G.
Published: May 2017

Bias in favor of the in-group is a key determinant of discrimination and is thought to be largely independent of, and qualitatively distinct from, out-group hostility. One key difference, according to realistic conflict theory, is that in-group preferences become more closely associated with discrimination when intergroup threat is salient. The current study presents a direct comparison of the level of association of in-group favoritism and out-group hostility with opposition to multiculturalism policies in New Zealand. With both predictors operationalized as affect ratings of warmth and anger across separate models, in-group favoritism and out-group hostility were independently associated with European New Zealanders’ ( N = 10,869) opposition to both resource-specific and symbolic policies. Furthermore, in-group favoritism was more strongly associated with opposition to resource-specific policies that represent high realistic threat (compared with symbolic policies). In contrast, out-group hostility was more consistently associated with both policy domains.
Prevalence of substance abuse and socio-economic differences in substance abuse in an Australian community-dwelling elderly sample
Authors: Li Wendy , Caltabiano Nerina
Published: May 2017

A sample of 324 55–90-year-old Australian adults participated in a survey on elderly substance abuse using the Clinical Assessment Scales for the Elderly. Overall, males had a higher prevalence rate of substance abuse than females. Significant differences in substance abuse mean scores were found for gender, age, income, community involvement, and retirement. The findings also reveal that being a female, involved in community groups, being a retiree, and being a non-baby boomer are protective factors of substance abuse. Being an upper medium income earner appears to be a risk factor of substance abuse.
A Social Movement Identity Instrument for Integrating Survey Methods Into Social Movements Research
Authors: Allen Summer , McCright Aaron M. , Dietz Thomas
Published: May 2017

Given increasing scholarly recognition of the need to better understand the factors that influence identification with or participation in social movements, we build upon recent work that integrates public opinion methods and analytical techniques into social movements research. Specifically, we revise an existing measure of environmental movement identity into a general measure of identification with a broad range of movements. Our analyses show that this new instrument captures meaningful variation across levels of identification with 20 major U.S. social movements and also helps distinguish among three movement identity clusters that largely align with key movement families. Furthermore, we provide strong evidence that our instrument has construct validity, as selected predictors explain variation in the three movement identity clusters in ways expected by previous research. We close by proposing an agenda for future research that helps advance our understanding of public support for or engagement with social movements.
Barriers to Provision of Lifestyle Counseling to Cancer Survivors: A Theory of Planned Behavior Study
Authors: Oluka Obiageli Crystal , Sun Yi , Komlan Kota , Sun Liufang , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2017

This study sought to identify factors associated with doctors’ intention to provide lifestyle counseling to cancer survivors and provide an evidence base for developing an intervention to maximize counseling behavior in cancer management programs. A cross-sectional survey based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was conducted. Participants were 210 medical doctors recruited from two hospitals in Nigeria. Participants completed questionnaires containing all the theoretical constructs of TPB. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Goodness-of-fit indices indicated adequate fit for the final structural models. Attitude and subjective norm, but not perceived behavioral control, were identified as significant predictors of intention to provide lifestyle counseling. Intention also significantly predicted counseling behavior. This evidence informs the design of a behavioral intervention to improve lifestyle counseling behavior in cancer management programs.
Implementation and calibration of a new irregular cellular automata-based model for local urban growth simulation: The MUGICA model
Authors: Barreira-González Pablo , Aguilera-Benavente Francisco , Gómez-Delgado Montserrat
Published: May 2017

Cellular automata-based models have traditionally employed regular grids to represent the geographical environment when simulating urban growth or land use change. Over the last two decades, the scientific community has introduced the use of other spatial structures in an attempt to represent the processes simulated by these models more realistically. Cadastre parcels are a good choice when simulating urban growth at local scales, where pixels or regular cells do not represent the geographic space properly. Furthermore, the implementation and calibration of key factors such as accessibility and suitability have not been sufficiently explored in models employing irregular structures.

This paper presents a fully calibrated model to simulate urban growth: Model for Urban Growth simulation using Irregular Cellular Automata. The model uses the irregular structure of the cadastre and its smallest unit: the cadastral parcel. The factors included are based on the traditional Neighbourhood, Accessibility, Suitability and Zoning Status modelling schema, frequently employed in other models. Each factor was implemented and calibrated for the irregular structure employed by the model, and a new approach was explored to introduce a random component that would reproduce illegal growth. Several versions of Model for Urban Growth simulation using Irregular Cellular Automata were produced to calibrate the model within the period 2000–2010. The results obtained from the simulations were compared against observed growth for 2010, adapting the traditional confusion matrix to irregular space. A new metric is proposed, called growth simulation accuracy, which measures how well the model locates urban growth.
Prognostic index for chronic- and smoldering-type adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma
Authors: Katsuya Hiroo , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Ishitsuka Kenji , Kawai Kazuhiro , Amano Masahiro , Utsunomiya Atae , Hino Ryosuke , Hanada Shuichi , Jo Tatsuro , Tsukasaki Kunihiro , Moriuchi Yukiyoshi , Sueoka Eisaburo , Yoshida Shinichiro , Suzushima Hitoshi , Miyahara Masaharu , Yamashita Kiyoshi , Eto Tetsuya , Suzumiya Junji , Tamura Kazuo
Published: May 2017

Key Points

The soluble interleukin-2 receptor was identified as an only independent prognostic factor for chronic and smoldering ATL in this study. The prognostic index using the values of sIL-2R (iATL-PI) is a promising tool for the risk-adapted therapeutic intervention.
Assessment of durable press performance of cotton finished with modified DMDHEU and citric acid
Authors: Dhiman Guneet , Chakraborty J. N.
Published: May 2017

Cotton apparels possess inherent tendency to form wrinkles under external stress. Conventionally selective cross-linking agents in presence of specific catalyst are applied on cotton to supress formation of creases or wrinkles via pad-dry-cure technique at high curing temperature under acidic conditions imparting stability and elasticity to the fabric. Extensive research carried out in this field identifies invariable deterioration in mechanical properties of finished cotton. In this study, two different cross-linking agents, i.e. modified DMDHEU and citric acid working on etherification and esterification crosslinking reaction with cellulose respectively were applied on cotton through selection of factors using Box Behnken experimental design in conjunction with response surface analysis and regression methods to study their DP ratings as well as other mechanical properties. Significant factors were further drastically narrowed down to reach to most specific concentrations of cross-linker, catalyst as well as other chemicals along with finishing parameters. It was found that modified DMDHEU performed better in terms of DP rating as well as overall physical properties as compared to those obtained with citric acid.
Skeletonized wave-equation inversion in vertical symmetry axis media without too much math
Authors: Feng Shihang , Schuster Gerard T.
Published: May 2017

We have developed a tutorial for skeletonized inversion of pseudo-acoustic anisotropic vertical symmetry axis (VTI) data. We first invert for the anisotropic models using wave-equation traveltime inversion. Here, the skeletonized data are the traveltimes of transmitted and/or reflected arrivals that lead to simpler misfit functions and more robust convergence compared with full-waveform inversion. This provides a good starting model for waveform inversion. The effectiveness of this procedure is illustrated with synthetic data examples and a marine data set recorded in the Gulf of Mexico.
Seismic characterization of fault facies models
Authors: Botter Charlotte , Cardozo Nestor , Qu Dongfang , Tveranger Jan , Kolyukhin Dmitriy
Published: May 2017

Faults play a key role in reservoirs by enhancing or restricting fluid flow. A fault zone can be divided into a fault core that accommodates most of the displacement and a surrounding damage zone. Interpretation of seismic data is a key method for studying subsurface features, but the internal structure and properties of fault zones are often at the limit of seismic resolution. We have investigated the seismic response of a vertical fault zone model in sandstone, populated with fault facies based on deformation band distributions. Deformation bands reduce the porosity of the sandstone, and they condition its elastic properties. We generate synthetic seismic cubes of the fault facies model for several wave frequencies and under realistic conditions of reservoir burial and seismic acquisition. Seismic image quality and fault zone definition are highly dependent on wave frequency. At a low wave frequency (e.g., 10 Hz), the fault zone is broader and no information about its fault facies distribution can be extracted. At higher wave frequencies (e.g., 30 and 60 Hz), seismic attributes, such as tensor and envelope, can be used to characterize the fault volume and its internal structure. Based on these attributes, we can subdivide the fault zone into several seismic facies from the core to the damage zone. Statistical analyses indicate a correlation between the seismic attributes and the fault internal structure, although seismic facies, due to their coarser resolution, cannot be matched to individual fault facies. The seismic facies can be used as input for reservoir models as spatial conditioning parameters for fault facies distributions inside the fault zone. However, relying only on the information provided by seismic analyses might not be enough to create high-resolution fault reservoir models.
Analysis of the Use and Impact of Twitter During American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meetings From 2011 to 2016: Focus on Advanced Metrics and User Trends
Authors: Pemmaraju Naveen , Thompson Michael A. , Mesa Ruben A. , Desai Tejas
Published: May 2017

Purpose:

The use of social media, in particular Twitter, has substantially increased among health care stakeholders in the field of hematology and oncology, with an especially sharp increase in the use of Twitter during times of major national meetings. The most attended meeting in the oncology field is the ASCO annual meeting. Little is known about the detailed metrics involved in the use, volume, and impact of Twitter during the ASCO annual meeting.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of tweets during the ASCO annual meetings from 2011 to 2016. The total data set encompassed 190,732 tweets from 39,745 authors over six consecutive ASCO meetings from 2011 to 2016 (inclusive). Tweets, all publically available, were collected by Nephrology On-Demand Analytics.

Results:

The number of individual authors increased from 1,429 during the 2011 ASCO meeting to 15,796 during the 2016 ASCO meeting, an 11-fold increase over the total 5-year period. There was a notable increase in tweets from the 2011 ASCO meeting (n = 7,746) to the 2016 ASCO meeting (n = 72,698), a nine-fold increase during the study period. The most commonly tweeted term or topic changed over time, generally reflecting the breakthroughs of each designated year; these terms were “melanoma” for both the 2011 and 2012 ASCO meetings; “breast cancer” for the 2013 ASCO meeting; “lung cancer” for the 2014 ASCO meeting; and “ImmunOnc” or “immunotherapy/immuno-oncology” for both the 2015 and 2016 ASCO meetings.

Conclusion:

The use of Twitter among health care stakeholders during the ASCO meeting has markedly increased over time, demonstrating the increasing role of social media in the dissemination of findings at the most highly attended hematology and oncology conference of the year.
Use of the Fluid Challenge in Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Messina Antonio , Longhini Federico , Coppo Corinne , Pagni Aline , Lungu Ramona , Ronco Chiara , Cattaneo Marco Ambrogio , Dore Simone , Sotgiu Giovanni , Navalesi Paolo
Published: May 2017

The fluid challenge (FC) aims at identifying patients in whom fluid administration improves hemodynamics. Although the FC has been extensively studied, the implementation and definition of improvement are not standardized. This systematic review of studies published between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 2014 characterizes these key components of the FC for critically ill adult patients, as described in the medical literature in the last 20 years. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane. For each study, data were collected on study design, study size, study setting, patient population, and how the FC was administered. Eligibility criteria for FC were (1) the infusion of a definite quantity of fluid, (2) of a specific type, (3) in a fixed time period (expressed as either span or infusion rate), (4) with a defined hemodynamic variable as the target, and (5) for a predetermined threshold. One hundred fifty-seven full-text manuscripts were extracted from 870 potentially relevant studies. The inclusion criteria were met by 71 studies including 3617 patients. Sixty-six studies were from a single center and 45 were prospective observational in format. The most common amount infused was 500 cc, used by 55 (77.5%) studies. The most commonly infused fluids were colloids (62.0%). In 43 (60.5%) studies, the FC was administered between 20 and 30 minutes. A positive response to fluid administration was defined as an increase ≥15% of cardiac index or cardiac output in 44 (62.6%) studies. Static or dynamic physiologic indices were utilized in a minority of studies (16.9%) and safety limits for interrupting the FC are adopted in 4 (5.6%) studies only. This systematic review indicates that the FC most commonly consists in infusing 500 mL of crystalloids or colloids in 20–30 minutes, and considered an increase in cardiac index ≥15% as a positive response. However, definite standards for FC administration and evaluation remain undefined.
Cancellation of Elective Cases in a Recently Opened, Tertiary/Quaternary-Level Hospital in the Middle East
Authors: Morris Amanda J. , McAvoy James , Dweik Dana , Ferrigno Massimo , Macario Alex , Haisjackl Markus
Published: May 2017

Case cancellations have a negative financial impact due to revenue loss and the potential costs of underutilized time. The goals of this study at a recently opened hospital in the Middle East were to measure the cancellation rates for elective surgical or endoscopic cases and to identify the reasons for cancellation. During the 1-month study period, 170 (22.4%) of the 760 scheduled cases were cancelled. Cultural norms and patient no-shows on the day of surgery accounted for the majority of case cancellations. Understanding local factors on hospital functions may be vital for organizations expanding into new geographic areas.
Planning for changes
Authors: Martland Rebecca
Published: May 2017

March 3rd, 2017, saw a raft of policy papers published by the Department for Education, including an updated and revised Statutory Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage.
A recipe for impact? Exploring knowledge requirements in the UK Parliament and beyond
Authors: Geddes Marc , Dommett Katharine , Prosser Brenton
Published: May 2017

In the context of ongoing debates around academic engagements with policymakers, this article discusses how academics can successfully engage with the often overlooked institution of Parliament. We argue that the UK Parliament is not a homogeneous organisation but has differing knowledge requirements for different parliamentary sites. While there are common barriers that need to be overcome by researchers, there is no universal recipe that will ensure successful research impact. We argue that there are different forms of engagement likely to lead to influence, and that co-production is the most important way by which academics can engage with Parliament.
Use of Reversible Contraceptive Methods Among U.S. Women with Physical or Sensory Disabilities
Authors: Wu Justine P. , McKee Kimberly S. , McKee Michael M. , Meade Michelle A. , Plegue Melissa A. , Sen Ananda
Published: May 2017

CONTEXT

Women with disabilities experience a higher rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes than women without disabilities. Preventing or delaying pregnancy when that is the best choice for a woman is a critical strategy to reducing pregnancy‐related disparities, yet little is known about current contraceptive use among women with disabilities.

METHODS

A cohort of 545 reproductive‐age women with physical disabilities (i.e., difficulty walking, climbing, dressing or bathing) or sensory disabilities (i.e., difficulty with vision or hearing) was identified from among participants in the 2011–2013 National Survey of Family Growth. Those at risk for unplanned pregnancy were categorized by whether they were using highly effective reversible contraceptive methods (IUD, implant), moderately effective ones (pill, patch, ring, injectable), less effective ones (condoms, withdrawal, spermicides, diaphragm, natural family planning) or no method. Multinomial regression was conducted to examine the association between disability and type of contraceptive used.

RESULTS

Some 39% of women with disabilities were at risk of unplanned pregnancy, and 27% of those at risk were not using contraceptives. The presence of disability was associated with decreased odds of using highly effective methods or moderately effective methods, rather than less effective ones (odds ratio, 0.6 for each), but had no association with using no method.

CONCLUSION

There is a significant need to reduce contraceptive disparities related to physical or sensory disabilities. Future research should explore the extent to which contraceptive use differs by type and severity of disability, as well as identify contextual factors that contribute to any identified differences.
Reformismo, difusión y legado musical de Francisco Giner de los Ríos
Authors: Riesgo Ferran
Published: May 2017

Francisco Giner de los Ríos creció y se formó en una España en que la música culta, ya perdida la ilusión de consolidar una ópera nacional propia, braceaba desordenadamente para no hundirse del todo, y la enseñanza musical reglada daba sus primeros y torpes pasos. En esta coyuntura, entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, Giner comenzó a trabajar en varios frentes para cambiar las formas de enseñar música, siempre apoyándose en el ideario krausista. Este artículo propone un panorama de la tarea gineriana e institucionista en este campo, dividida en tres grandes cursos de acción: el impulso reformista en las enseñanzas profesionales de música, la importancia concedida a lo musical en la ILE, y la labor que la Residencia de Estudiantes o las Misiones Pedagógicas continuaron desempeñando tras la muerte del maestro.
La competencia de la razón práctica en la conformación del humanismo gineriano
Authors: Manzanero Delia
Published: May 2017

En este artículo, sustentamos que el conocimiento de las construcciones teóricas del siglo XVI puede resultar muy útil con vistas a la conformación de la filosofía jurídica gineriana y los esquemas de organización social de los siglos XIX y XX. Ciertamente no se trata de trasladar sin más con una conciencia anacrónica, como en alguna ocasión se ha pretendido, aquellos esquemas al presente, pues el solo establecimiento de algunas analogías no es suficiente para difuminar una distancia de tres siglos. En cualquier caso, creemos que un estudio detenido de estos esfuerzos históricos por revitalizar principios jurídicos y sociales como el de razón práctica, puede ser de gran utilidad para comprender el contexto en que se fraguó la filosofía jurídica de Francisco Giner y su amplificación y extensión durante la Edad de Plata española. Al mismo tiempo, creemos que su estudio posee el relevante interés de entrañar una posible lectura de los clásicos iusnaturalistas hispanos desde y para la cultura filosófico-jurídica contemporánea, por lo que también dedicaremos algunas líneas a este tema.
La influencia de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza en Rodolfo Llopis
Authors: Sirvent Gárriga Adelina
Published: May 2017

Rodolfo Llopis, influido por los principios pedagógicos de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza, intentó renovar la educación: primero como docente en la Escuela Normal de Cuenca, y más tarde como director general de Primera Enseñanza, coincidiendo con el bienio reformista de la Segunda República. Su gran deseo de cambio social le llevó a luchar por la educación y la democracia como pilares fundamentales para la regeneración social, política, pedagógica y cultural. Su formación en la Escuela Superior de Magisterio le puso en contacto con los profesores defensores del ideario de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza, y las influencias de Francisco Giner de los Ríos y Manuel Bartolomé Cossío definieron su perfil de docente y político institucionista.