bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical knowledge embedded method based on multi-task learning for thyroid nodule classification with ultrasound images
Authors: Gao Zixiong , Chen Yufan , Sun Pengtao , Liu Hongmei , Lu Yao
Published: January 2023

Objective. Thyroid nodules are common glandular abnormality that need to be diagnosed as benign or malignant to determine further treatments. Clinically, ultrasonography is the main diagnostic method, but it is highly subjective with severe variability. Recently, many deep-learning-based methods have been proposed to alleviate subjectivity and achieve good results yet, these methods often neglect important guidance from clinical knowledge. Our objective is to utilize such guidance for accurate and reliable thyroid nodule classification. Approach. In this study, a multi-task learning model embedded with clinical knowledge of ACR Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System guideline is proposed. The clinical features defined in the guideline have strong correlations with malignancy and they were modeled as tasks alongside the pathological type. Multi-task learning was utilized to exploit the correlations to improve diagnostic performance. To alleviate the impact of noisy labels on clinical features, a loss-weighting strategy was proposed. Five-fold cross-validation was applied to an internal training set of size 4989, and an external test set of size 243 was used for evaluation. Main results. The proposed multi-task learning model achieved an average AUC of 0.901 and an ensemble AUC of 0.917 on the test set, which significantly outperformed the single-task baseline models. Significance. The results indicated that multi-task learning of clinical features can effectively classify thyroid nodules and reveal the possibility of using clinical indicators as auxiliary tasks to improve performance when diagnosing other diseases.
A nonparametric measure of noise in x-ray diagnostic images—mammography
Authors: Anton M , Mäder U , Schopphoven S , Reginatto M
Published: January 2023

Objective. In x-ray diagnostics, modern image reconstruction or image processing methods may render established methods of image quality assessment inadequate. Task specific quality assessment by using model observers has the disadvantage of being very labour-intensive. Therefore, it appears highly desirable to develop novel image quality parameters that neither rely on the linearity and the shift-invariace of the imaging system nor require the acquisition of hundreds of images as is necessary for the application of model observers, and which can be derived directly from diagnostic images. Approach. A new measure for the noise based on non-maximum-suppression images is defined and its properties are explored using simulated images before it is applied to an exposure series of mammograms of a homogeneous phantom and a 3D-printed breast phantom to demonstrate its usefulness under realistic conditions. Main results. The new noise parameter cannot only be derived from images with a homogeneous background but it can be extracted directly from images containing anatomic structures and is proportional to the standard deviation of the noise. At present, the applicability is restricted to mammography, which satisfies the assumption of short covariance length of the noise. Significance. The new measure of the noise is but a first step of the development of a set of parameters that are required to quantify image quality directly from diagnostic images without relying on the assumption of a linear, shift-invariant system, e.g. by providing measures of sharpness, contrast and structural complexity, in addition to the noise measure. For mammography, a convenient method is now available to quantify noise in processed diagnostic images.
Finite-temperature Thomas–Fermi–Dirac-Weizsäcker model in the warm dense matter regime
Authors: Petrov George M
Published: January 2023

The Thomas–Fermi–Dirac-Weizsäcker model for finite temperature is presented. Starting with the free energy density, consistent expressions for the Helmholtz free energy, total energy, pressure and virial theorem are derived. The exchange and correlation terms are cast in a form that is suitable for derivation of their contributions to energy and pressure. The Euler–Lagrange equation is written in Schrödinger-like form and solved in spherical symmetry in a Wigner–Seitz cell. The challenges associated with its numerical solution are discussed and a viable approach to obtain a non-negative solution is proposed. The model is benchmarked for two materials, Al and Cu, by comparing the pressure at solid density in the temperature range

0.1
<

T

e

<
10

eV

, as well as the cold pressure curves.
A computational study on the energy efficiency of species production by single-pulse streamers in air
Authors: Guo Baohong , Teunissen Jannis
Published: January 2023

We study the energy efficiency of species production by streamer discharges with a single voltage pulse in atmospheric dry air, using a 2D axisymmetric fluid model. Sixty different positive streamers are simulated by varying the electrode geometry, the pulse duration and the applied voltage. Between these cases, the streamer radius and velocity vary by about an order of magnitude, but the variation in the maximal electric field is significantly smaller, about 30%. We find that G-values for the production of N(4S), O(3P), NO and N2O, which have relatively high activation energies, vary by about 30% to 60%. This variation is mainly caused by two factors: differences in the fraction of energy deposited in the streamer head region, and differences in the maximal electric field at the streamer head. When accounting for both factors, our computed G-values are in good agreement with an analytic estimate proposed by Naidis (2012 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
21 042001). We also simulate negative streamers and find that their production of N(4S), O(3P) and NO is less energy efficient. The results suggest that energy efficiency can be increased by reducing Joule heating in the streamer channel and by increasing the maximal electric field at the streamer head, for example by using short voltage pulses with a high applied voltage.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the energy harvesting performance of electromechanically coupled piezoelectric prestressed beams subjected to nonlinear vibrations
Authors: Kardarakos G C , Chrysochoidis N A , Varelis D , Saravanos D A
Published: January 2023

Τhe piezoelectric energy harvesting from nonlinear vibrating structures has greatly attracted the attention of scientific community over the last decades, as it seems to provide one of the more promising ways for high electromechanical energy conversion. Current study deals with the development of a robust and accurate numerical tool capable of modelling and designing piezoelectric structures undergoing severe nonlinear vibrations. Specifically, a coupled multi-field generalized nonlinear mechanics framework for piezoelectric beams subjected to initial stresses and large rotations, extended to include passive external electric circuits in order to predict the dynamic response of the structure and the power generated at the external resistive load. An experimental setup was also developed providing great correlations with the numerical results in case of a vibrating axially prestressed composite beam under the prebuckling regime. At the end, a computational investigation was performed studying the complex dynamic behavior of the piezoelectric beam, in the postbuckling regime. The model successfully captures the measured energy harvesting response of the beam including additional effects induced by the asymmetric configuration of the piezoelectric film.
Magnetorheological fluids subjected to non-uniform magnetic fields: experimental characterization
Authors: Kubík Michal , Gołdasz Janusz , Macháček Ondřej , Strecker Zbyněk , Sapiński Bogdan
Published: January 2023

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are suspensions of fine, low-coercivity, high-magnetizable particles in a continuous liquid phase. When subjected to magnetic field, the material exhibits a rapid change in the apparent viscosity of several orders of magnitude. This unique capability has been successfully exploited in automotive semi-active suspensions systems or systems for manufacturing high quality optics. In a majority of the existing systems, the rheology of MR fluids is controlled by an external uniform field oriented perpendicularly to the fluid flow direction. In general, it is an inherent feature of MR systems operating in flow, shear or squeeze modes, respectively. There is an experimental evidence that the behavior of MR fluids in the so-called pinch-mode (in which the fluid is subjected to non-uniform magnetic field distributions) clearly stands out against the remaining three operating modes. With the predecessors, the flow through the channel occurs once a pressure across it exceeds the field-dependent threshold pressure. For comparison, in pinch mode valves the magnetic flux energizes mostly the layers of the materials near the channel walls. The outcome is a change in the channel’s effective diameter achieved solely via material means without changing its geometry. To study the fluid’s unique behaviour in the pinch mode, the authors designed a prototype valve assembly and examined several fluid formulations of various particle concentration levels across a wide range of external (velocity, magnetic field density) stimuli in an organized effort to further comprehend the phenomenon. The obtained data indicate that the magnitude of the particular effect does not only depend on the magnitudes of the magnetic stimuli but also on the particle concentration; the smaller the concentration of particles the more pronounced the pinch mode like behavior is. In general, the authors believe that the study may provide guidelines as to the selection of fluid formulations for developing novel valveless actuators utilizing MR fluids operating in pinch mode.
External field and critical exponents in controlling dynamics on complex networks
Authors: Sanhedrai Hillel , Havlin Shlomo
Published: January 2023

Dynamical processes on complex networks, ranging from biological, technological and social systems, show phase transitions (PTs) between distinct global states of the system. Often, such transitions rely upon the interplay between the structure and dynamics that takes place on it, such that weak connectivity, either sparse network or frail interactions, might lead to global activity collapse, while strong connectivity leads to high activity. Here, we show that controlling dynamics of a fraction of the nodes in such systems acts as an external field in a continuous PT. As such, it defines corresponding critical exponents, both at equilibrium and of the transient time. We find the critical exponents for a general class of dynamics using the leading orders of the dynamic functions. By applying this framework to three examples, we reveal distinct universality classes.
Escape from the potential well: accelerating by shaping and noise tuning
Authors: Dybiec Bartłomiej , Zawiślak Mikołaj
Published: January 2023

Noise driven escape from the potential well is the basic component of various noise induced effects. The efficiency of the escape process or time scales matching is responsible for occurrence of the stochastic resonance and (stochastic) resonant activation. Here, we are extending the discussion on how the structure of the potential can be used to optimize the mean first passage time. It is demonstrated that corrugation of the potential can be beneficial under action of the weak Gaussian white noise. Furthermore, we show that the noise tuning can be more effective than shaping the potential. Therefore, action of the tuned additive α-stable noise can accelerate the escape kinetics more than corrugation of the potential. Finally, we demonstrate that mean first passage time from a potential well can be a non-monotonous function of the stability index α.
Quantum teleportation in a two-superconducting qubit system under dephasing noisy channel: role of Josephson and mutual coupling energies
Authors: Zidan Nour , ur Rahman Atta , Haddadi Saeed
Published: January 2023

We investigate the average fidelity of teleportation for a system of two superconducting qubits under a dephasing noisy channel. Using the classical fidelity threshold concept, we disclose the effectiveness of the current channel to remain either in the classical or in the quantum domain. Various parameters of the assumed scheme help us to achieve high average fidelity of teleportation in the current configuration.
Electronic structure study of the charge-density-wave Kondo lattice CeTe3
Authors: Wang 王 Bo 博 , Zhou 周 Rui 锐 , Luo 罗 Xuebing 学兵 , Zhang 张 Yun 云 , Chen 陈 Qiuyun 秋云
Published: January 2023

The behaviors of f electrons are crucial for understanding the rich phase diagrams and ground-state properties of heavy fermion (HF) systems. The complicated interactions between f electrons and conduction electrons largely enrich the basic properties of HF compounds. Here the electronic structure, especially the f-electron character, of the charge-density-wave (CDW) Kondo lattice compound CeTe3 has been studied by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. A weakly dispersive quasiparticle band near the Fermi level has been observed directly, indicating hybridization between f electrons and conduction electrons. Temperature-dependent measurements confirm the localized to itinerant transition of f electrons as the temperature decreases. Furthermore, an energy gap formed by one conduction band at low temperature is gradually closed with increasing temperature, which probably originates from the CDW transition at extremely high temperature. Additionally, orbital information of different electrons has also been acquired with different photon energies and polarizations, which indicates the anisotropy and diverse symmetries of the orbitals. Our results may help understand the complicated f-electron behaviors when considering its interaction with other electrons/photons in CeTe3 and other related compounds.
Doping-enhanced robustness of anomaly-related magnetoresistance in WTe2±α
flakes
Authors: Meng Jianchao , Chen Xinxiang , Shao Tingna , Liu Mingrui , Jiang Weimin , Zhang Zitao , Xiong Changmin , Dou Ruifen , Nie Jiacai
Published: January 2023

We study systematically the negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect in WTe2±α
flakes with different thicknesses and doping concentrations. The negative MR is sensitive to the relative orientation between electrical-/magnetic-field and crystallographic orientation of WTe2±α
. The analysis proves that the negative MR originates from chiral anomaly and is anisotropic. Maximum entropy mobility spectrum is used to analyze the electron and hole concentrations in the flake samples. It is found that the negative MR observed in WTe2±α
flakes with low doping concentration is small, and the high doping concentration is large. The doping-induced disorder obviously inhibits the positive MR, so the negative MR can be more easily observed. In a word, we introduce disorder to suppress positive MR by doping, and successfully obtain the negative MR in WTe2±α
flakes with different thicknesses and doping concentrations, which indicates that the chiral anomaly effect in WTe2 is robust.
Extremely fast vortex dynamics in Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ
crystalline nanostrip
Authors: Yu A B , Lin C T , Zhang X F , You L X
Published: January 2023

The maximum velocity of a mobile vortex in movement is generally limited by the phenomenon of flux-flow instability (FFI), which necessitates weak vortex pinning and fast heat removal from non-equilibrium electrons. We here demonstrate exfoliations and nano-fabrications of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ
crystalline nanostrips, which possess a rather weak pinning volume of vortices, relatively low resistivity, and large normal electron diffusion coefficient. The deduced vortex velocity in Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ
crystalline nanostrips can be up to 300 km/s near the superconducting transition temperature, well above the speed of sound. The observed vortex velocity is an order of magnitude faster than that of conventional superconducting systems, representing a perfect platform for exploration of ultra-fast vortex matter and a good candidate for fabrications of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors or superconducting THz modulator.
Magnetic temporal interference for noninvasive and focal brain stimulation
Authors: Khalifa Adam , Abrishami Seyed Mahdi , Zaeimbashi Mohsen , Tang Alexander D , Coughlin Brian , Rodger Jennifer , Sun Nian X , Cash Sydney S
Published: January 2023

Objective. Noninvasive focal stimulation of deep brain regions has been a major goal for neuroscience and neuromodulation in the past three decades. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), for instance, cannot target deep regions in the brain without activating the overlying tissues and has poor spatial resolution. In this manuscript, we propose a new concept that relies on the temporal interference (TI) of two high-frequency magnetic fields generated by two electromagnetic solenoids. Approach. To illustrate the concept, custom solenoids were fabricated and optimized to generate temporal interfering electric fields for rodent brain stimulation. C-Fos expression was used to track neuronal activation. Main result. C-Fos expression was not present in regions impacted by only one high-frequency magnetic field indicating ineffective recruitment of neural activity in non-target regions. In contrast, regions impacted by two fields that interfere to create a low-frequency envelope display a strong increase in c-Fos expression. Significance. Therefore, this magnetic temporal interference solenoid-based system provides a framework to perform further stimulation studies that would investigate the advantages it could bring over conventional TMS systems.
Instabilities and turbulence in stellarators from the perspective of global codes
Authors: Sánchez E. , Bañón Navarro A. , Wilms F. , Borchardt M. , Kleiber R. , Jenko F.
Published: January 2023

In this work, a comparison of the global gyrokinetic codes EUTERPE and GENE-3D in stellarator configurations of the Large Helical Device (LHD) and the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is carried out. In linear simulations with adiabatic electrons, excellent agreement is found in the mode numbers, growth rate, frequency, mode structure, and spatial localization of the most unstable mode in LHD. In W7-X, the dependence of the growth rate and frequency with the mode number is well reproduced by both codes. The codes are also compared in linear simulations with kinetic ions and electrons in W7-X using model profiles, and reasonable agreement is found in the wavenumber of the most unstable modes. A stabilization of small-scale modes in kinetic-electron simulations with respect to the adiabatic-electron case is consistently found in both codes. Nonlinear simulations using adiabatic electrons and model profiles are also studied and the heat fluxes are compared. Very good agreement is found in the turbulent ion heat fluxes in both LHD and W7-X. Two problems that cannot be properly accounted for in local flux tube codes are studied: the localization of instabilities and turbulence over the flux surface and the influence of a background long-wavelength electric field. Good agreement between codes is found with respect to the spatial localization of instabilities and turbulence over the flux surface. The localization of saturated turbulence is found in both codes to be much smaller than that of the linear instabilities and smaller than previously reported in full-surface radially-local simulations. The influence of the electric field on the localization is also found to be smaller in the developed turbulent sate that in the linear phase, and smaller than in previous works. A stabilizing effect of a constant electric field on the linearly unstable modes is found in both codes. A moderate reduction of turbulent transport by the radial electric field, with small dependence with the sign of the electric field, is also found.
Radiant capillary heat exchangers – power calculation for optimal heating and cooling
Authors: Gendelis Staņislavs , Teličko Jevgēnijs , Jakovičs Andris , Bukans Indulis
Published: January 2023

The issue of switching to renewable energy sources becomes very actual and it is important not only to change the energy source, but also the reduce the final energy needs by improving the energy efficiency of buildings and usage of efficient heating systems. Heat pumps as the most popular renewable energy source are widely used, but their energy efficiency is depending on temperature of the supplied energy carrier. The most efficient are radiant capillary heat exchangers with a large surface area and a low temperature, which typically does not exceed 30°C. Another advantage of radiant capillary heat exchangers is the possibility to operate them in both - heating and cooling modes. Unlike the underfloor heating solution, where the role of thermal convection is very important, the built-in radiant capillary heat exchanger systems provide the energy mainly due to thermal radiation. This study explores two modelling approaches for determination of required power and corresponding area of radiant capillary heat exchangers to be installed in a room to provide heating and cooling: simplified approach, which allows to create the heat balance with a minimum amount of input data and a precise standard-based approach. Calculations were made for three different rooms with variable glazing area and spatial orientation using both approaches. Analysis of the calculation results shows the limits of the simplified method, which overestimates heating need and underestimates cooling need, and the main reason for such differences is simplification of room orientation and subsequent solar heat gains. As the calculated cooling power is less than heating power, therefore the heating estimation is sufficient to estimate the amount of radiant capillary heat exchangers in small/medium rooms for providing both heating and cooling in the climatic conditions of Riga. The use of complex, comprehensive modelling approaches is necessary for rooms with large glazed areas, where the simplified method gives incorrect estimations.
Method and apparatus for dynamic testing of structural joints
Authors: Mironovs Viktors , Zemcenkovs Vjaceslavs , Serdjuks Dmitrijs , Lapkovskis Vjaceslavs , Tatarinovs Aleksejs , Kurtenoks Viktors
Published: January 2023

The dynamic testing technique is used during the design phase of structures and series production. This test evaluates the structural capacity, especially of the assemblies, to withstand different forces and rates of impact encountered under realistic operational conditions. This study proposes a magnetic pulse exciter for high-speed impact loading in dynamic tests because of its capability to provide single and repeatable pulse loading over a wide range of force up to 20 kN and pulse durations from 10 up to 1000 ms. The method transforms accumulated electrical energy in a capacitor bank into mechanical energy. For experimental investigations, flat and cylindrical coil devices were used for a capacitor-type pulse current generator. The proposed method has been experimentally validated on timber beams in a specified volume of force loading. The technique demonstrated a potential for controlling force and energy parameters. The effects of operating voltage on coil and ‘metal plate - coil’ distance on the amplitude of dynamic loading have been investigated. Aluminium and steel plates fastened to the object at the point of impact were used to improve excitation efficiency. The developed technique can be used in experimental studies on model joints and real objects.
Compressive and flexural behavior of glass fiber-reinforced concrete
Authors: Annamaneni K K , Pedarla K
Published: January 2023

Utilizing fibre-reinforced concrete is still a difficulty for present engineers. Generally, it is acknowledged that the mechanical, cracking and fracture qualities of fibre-reinforced concrete are much better than those of conventional concrete. The addition of fibres to the concrete matrix mitigates its fragility. Typically, short fibres are utilised in concrete to prevent cracks caused by drying and autogenous shrinkage. Currently, there is a substantial increase in the use of short alkali-resistant glass fibres. This experiment was conducted to examine the influence of glass fibre reinforcement on the compressive and flexural behaviour of concrete. This research investigates the characteristics of glass fibres reinforced concrete (GFRC) after 7 and 28 days of curing, such that GFRC may be employed in construction. Concrete containing short alkali-resistant glass fibres of 36 mm in length and 1% volume fraction (VF) was developed for this purpose. The testing findings revealed that the average compressive strength of GFRC after 28 days of curing was 72.06 MPa. The flexural properties of GFRC are determined, and the 7-day and 28-day average bending strengths of GFRC concrete samples are 6.46 MPa and 7.94 MPa, respectively, indicating that GFRC responds well under loading conditions.
Rubber micro granules affect water absorption and compress the strength of concrete composite
Authors: Kolendo G , Bajare D , Korjakins A , Sahnmenko G
Published: January 2023

End-of-Life cars and trucks Tyres (ELT) are still an environmental issue around the world and in Latvia. The addition of rubber additives into concrete is quite well-studied worldwide. It is known that the introduction of rubber crumb in large quantities (> 5 % by volume) reduces the mechanical strength of the material and the modulus of elasticity. The results have shown us differences between rubber crumb practical size, and the amount of admixture in concrete. Achieved results clearly showed us the difference between shredded rubber micro granules and disintegrated-like admixture particles to achieve the composite concrete water absorption differences in 0,6 % but compress strength in greater diapason.
Pilot Study on Shrinkage and Fracture of Materials Based on the Alkali-Activated Slag: Influence of Curing Regime
Authors: Kucharczyková B , Šimonová H , Bílek V , Nápravník P
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of a pilot study focused on the shrinkage process and fracture parameters of two fine-grained materials prepared from ground granulated blast furnace slag and silica sand. Two different activators were used - liquid sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. The components ratio and the activator dose were the same for both materials and were as follows: activator dose of 6% Na2O by the slag weight, 1% of lignosulfonate plasticizer, and the ratio of slag:water:sand of 1:0.45:3. All specimens matured at room temperature. For each material, four curing regimes were designed with respect to the potential application on-site (especially different upper surface treatment and demoulding time). The shrinkage measurement lasted more than 2.5 years, after which fracture tests were performed on the same sets of specimens. Although only a slight nuance was in designed curing conditions, the results showed different sensitivity of investigated materials and monitored parameters to the particular curing regimes.
Application of diatomite as a substitute for fly ash in foamed geopolymers
Authors: Brudny Karolina , Łach Michał , Bąk Agnieszka , Pławecka Kinga , Korniejenko Kinga
Published: January 2023

In recent years, new climate targets in EU have led to a growing demand for construction materials with a lower carbon footprint. This implies a demand for research on materials with comparable properties and reduced CO2 emission to replace those currently in use. Geopolymers belong to the group of alkali-activated aluminosilicates, whose advantages include high compressive strength and high corrosion resistance. Examples of aluminosilicate materials used to produce geopolymers are fly ash, metakaolin or volcanic tuff. Recently, there have also been papers discussing the use of diatomite as a replacement for metakaolin in geopolymer materials. The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of diatomite as a fly ash replacement in the production of foamed geopolymers. For this purpose, fly ash based geopolymer samples with different amounts of diatomite (5%, 10%, 50%) were foamed using hydrogen peroxide as a foaming agent. Then, to observe the microstructure of the produced samples, they were subjected to scanning microscope observations. Compressive strength tests according to EN 12390-3 standard were carried out to check the strength properties after 30 days of curing. In addition, the thermal conductivity coefficients of the samples were investigated to better determine their potential industrial application. The expected result is a change in strength and thermal properties with increasing diatomite content.
Foamed geopolymers: a review of recent studies
Authors: Radina L , Sprince A , Pakrastins L , Gailitis R , Sakale G
Published: January 2023

Undoubtedly, current environmental trends force scientists to search for a way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the production process of building materials. Geopolymers have been called as a potential alternative to traditional concrete for decades, allowing us to obtain more sustainable and durable materials with good thermal and reasonable mechanical properties and solve the problems related to waste materials utilization. Despite the great interest of scientists and the many advantages both in the production process of geopolymers and in terms of material properties, this idea looks unattainable in the near future, so it is worth investigating alternative ways of geopolymer applications.

Thereby this review paper summarizes the recent progress in the field of foamed geopolymer concrete, focusing on the different preparation methods, material base, as well as information about the obstacles and challenges that hinder the transition of foamed geopolymers from research laboratories to real application in the civil engineering. This report also describes the density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, pore size and distribution. A random sampling method and descriptive analysis were used in the preparation of a review, taking into account the year of publication, used materials, availability and the number of citations.
Influence of alkaline activator solution ratio on the properties of biomass fly ash-based alkali-activated materials
Authors: Zhu C J , Pundienė I , Pranckevičienė J , Kligys M , Korjakins A , Vitola L
Published: January 2023

This study explored the use of untreated high-carbon biomass fly ash (BFA) and less alkaline Na2CO3 as an activator to create alkali-activated materials (AAM). This article investigated how the Na2CO3/Na2SiO3 (SC/SS) ratio of the alkaline activator solution (AAS) influenced the setting time, structural development and physical-mechanical properties of BFA-based AAM pastes that were cured at room temperature. With an increase in the SC/SS ratio, AAM pastes’ initial and final setting times shorten, respectively. The AAM sample with the lowest density and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) value also has the maximum water absorption. The compressive strength of AAM samples dropped after 7 days of curing while the SC/SS ratio increased. Nevertheless, after 28 days of curing, the compressive strength of AAM samples rose with a rising SC/SS ratio. The results for density, water absorption, and UPV were corroborated by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses, which demonstrated that when the SC/SS ratio rises, the structure of the samples gets denser and more homogeneous, in line with the increased compressive strength of the samples.
Business processes of digitalization of the agricultural land market in Ukraine
Authors: Skrypchuk P , Shpak H , Skrypchuk V , Gorodyska O
Published: January 2023

The article substantiates the business processes of soil use digitization in order to increase their quality and price in the conditions of the formation of the agricultural land market in Ukraine. For this purpose, environmentally appropriate, socially necessary and economically justified processes have been developed to create synergy in the balance of price and quality of agricultural land. It is proposed to use the ecological audit methodology for these reasons: expert assessment of the quality and price of land; attraction of “green” investments to restore land quality; using the digitization tool - e-calculator. The methodology for building the e-calculator is based on a system of possibilities: obtaining the maximum yield while balancing nutrients in the soil; soil quality improvement under the conditions of planning to obtain the planned harvest with minimal investments; increasing the content of nutrients in the soil to increase the price of agricultural land. The conducted calculations confirm that: preservation and reproduction of the groats fertility guarantees obtaining larger harvests in the future; increases the value of land as the main means of production; increases the investment attractiveness and liquidity of agricultural land. It is substantiated that the costs of carrying out agrochemical measures are profitable investments.
Corporate sustainability reporting and management of agricultural businesses in Ukraine
Authors: Zamlynskyi V , Kryukova I , Vlasenko T , Slutskyi E , Banar O , Anisimova L
Published: January 2023

Meeting the information needs of agribusiness stakeholders based on the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in practice requires appropriate information and analytical support, which is provided by corporate non-financial reporting of economic entities. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the methodological foundations of the construction of the corporate architecture of sustainable management reporting of Ukrainian agricultural companies and to assess the degree of influence of such reporting on the value of agrarian business. The assessment of the degree of influence of corporate reporting of sustainable agricultural management on the financial results and value of agribusiness showed the existence of a close direct connection between agricultural holdings and uncertainty in small agricultural companies. The main problem was identified as the low motivation of the management of medium and small agricultural companies in Ukraine to participate in sustainable development programs. The proposal for the formation of non-financial reporting of an agricultural enterprise has been made, which will help to reveal important information to investors, increase the level of transparency of enterprises and serve as an additional source of forming a positive reputation in the global economic system.
Implementation of the financial monitoring system into the Ukrainian enterprises activity based on the sustainable economic development and green financing concept
Authors: Kushnir N , Los Z , Shpak V , Malanchuk L , Tsaruk D
Published: January 2023

The article provides information on the financial monitoring as a critical control points observation tool, which is implemented to prevent financial stability risks. The connection of the enterprises monitoring system with the directions of the sustainable and green economy goals is characterized. At the internal level, financial monitoring is a prerequisite for the green financing projects realization and is used to evaluate the effectiveness of their implementation. It is stated that the company’s financial monitoring system serves as the instrument of achieving the sustainable development and green economy goals through the production, financial, personnel institutions mechanism and the company’s resource efficiency. Thus, the capital growth and the improvement of enterprise’s value-oriented indicators contribute to the stakeholders benefits and attracts green financing. It should be noted that the State Financial Monitoring Service closely correlates with the national and global sustainable development strategy, it takes into account international recommendations in the combating financial crime. The legislation and financial monitoring system adaptation to risks and compliance with international standards will allow green projects transparency. The article clearly states the place of internal and state financial monitoring in green financing and emphasizes its importance in studying the investment climate for green economy.
Circular economy implementation as a strengthening factor in the economic security of Ukraine during the post-war period
Authors: Varnalii Z , Kulyk P , Nikytenko D , Cheberyako O , Hurochkina V
Published: January 2023

The research is devoted to the implementation the concept of circular economy highlighting the idea of “Society 5.0.” as a stage of the social development during the post-war period. Multi-purpose scenarios of sustainable development strategies, which is applicable in the post war period, were observed in the article. The research was provided from the point of capability to achieve the highest level of economic security of the country. At the same time it was identified the relation between guaranteed economic security and circular economy as a cause-effect relation. The research highlights main features of the main directions of the 10R typology, that include the basic components of producer responsibility. In the frame of provided scientific work trends of Formation and management of residual waste in Ukraine were overviewed. In order to outline an effective model of the circular economy’s micro level implementation, a scientific-methodical approach of evaluation of it was provided. Underlining the negative impact of the Consumption Footprint, the research deal with the burden on the enterprise’s resource base during product production.
Circular economy: the future of aquaculture sector in Ukraine
Authors: Ozhohanych T , Iermakova O , Klenin O , Dolinskyi L , Glushchevsky V , Tkach O
Published: January 2023

Ukraine stands on the threshold of economic development and outdated habits. At the same time, the situation with landfills and ecologically oriented productions is much wider than in Western countries. But thanks to the popularity of the transition to alternative energy sources, even the country’s population already partially uses it. The aquaculture sector is one of the promising areas of the Ukrainian economy. Currently, it is only taking its modern form. This study examines the prospects for the development of the aquaculture sector in the circular economy, as a reliable pillar of Ukraine’s food security in the long term. Weaknesses and opportunities of the sector, as well as pre-war growth trends, are identified. A number of recommendations are also offered to direct attention to the issues of the sector.
Investments in green business and corporate governance by Ukraine’s cooperation with the European Union
Authors: Kulakov O , Popova O , Popova S , Tomashevskaya E
Published: January 2023

For the successful increase capital investments on ecological protection and increase current expenditures on ecological protection the recommendations on green business and corporate governance, taking into account the modern European experience are developed. The following actions to control the decentralization reform and implement measures to increase investment in improving energy efficiency and energy independence of rural areas are researched. Unstable growth of capital investments on environmental protection in Ukraine is analysed. Indicators of current expenditures on ecological protection in Ukraine are studied. The necessary to develop success in the implementation of environmental innovations and increased spending on environmental innovations for increase employment and economic growth is researched. Ukraine has unstable increase in ecological protection investments compared with the countries in the European Union, which indicates the need for implementation green innovations for the reform of Ukraine’s circular economy. The economic and mathematical model will allow to increase the objectivity and efficiency of decisions regarding the recommendations on green business and corporate governance, taking into account the modern European experience.
Dynamics of elemental composition in the sediments of Can Gio mangrove Biosphere reserve period of 13 years after Durian typhoon 2006
Authors: Trong K Hoang , Le S T , Bui A T , Pham H Q
Published: January 2023

Corg levels, Ntot level, and CN ratio are indicators for nitrogen limitation of plants and other organisms in the recovery process of storm-damaged forests. Here we compare between the 2 sections by multifactor-ANOVA analysis sediment characteristics along with the succession of a monoculture of Rhizophora in the South Vietnam with data from from 2007 to 2019 to know the initial state of the sediment after the disturbance and change during the self-recovery of the ecosystem. In the first stage, the Corg levels were much higher, while the Ntot deficiency was a crisis. Due to the presence of tall trees and the recovery process, the growth of nitrogen fixation mediated by attached microalgae on the surface sediments and the microbes living in the rhizosphere. Follow-up assessments and field experiments are needed to understand the sediment characteristics vary during the self-recovery of the ecosystem.
The impact of fiscal policy on environmental management in ensuring sustainable economies
Authors: Koval V , Laktionova O , Rogoza N , Chumak O , Komandrovska V , Berdar M
Published: January 2023

The increase in emissions of greenhouse gases and other harmful substances carried out in the process of production leads to an increase in environmental disasters and the deterioration of climatic conditions, despite the growth of green projects and the introduction of eco-innovations in production. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the use of green financial instruments in fiscal policy and assess its impact on environmental management in ensuring economic sustainability based on the application of theoretical and empirical methods of analysis. A method for identifying the dynamics of development of environmental taxation in the EU budget is proposed. The theoretical analysis carried out by the authors made it possible to identify the tools of the impact of fiscal policy in ensuring economic sustainability: the provision of benefits, subsidies; transfer payments; change in environmental tax rates. When choosing instruments of fiscal regulation, a methodology is proposed for determining the significance of environmental revenues in EU budget revenues, which is recommended in monitoring and assessing the impact of fiscal policy on environmental management in ensuring economic sustainability.
Expanded graphite as the best sorbent for hydrocarbons
Authors: Kartel M T , Tolmachova V S , Cherniuk O A , Hrebelna Yu V , Sementsov Yu I
Published: January 2023

The current state of the problems of protecting the surrounding environment from the impact of anthropogenic human activity because of oil extraction and using oil products is analyzed. The existing methods of liquidation of technological and emergency spills of oil products were considered. It was found that the final stage of their collection requires the use of sorbents. We compared sorption characteristics, cost, environmental friendliness of disposal, availability, etc. of existing natural, artificial, organic and inorganic sorbents. And expanded graphite (EG) was singled out as the most attractive in terms of all the considered characteristics. The sorption properties of EG were studied using the example of the absorption of heavy types of oil, petroleum and decane. The advantages of EG as a sorbent have been established. The issue of increasing the bulk mass of EG for its efficient transportation by air transport to the zone of ecological disaster elimination has been resolved.
Strategic alternatives for the development of the agricultural sector in conditions of environmental sustainability
Authors: Pavelko O , Lazaryshyna I , Harnaha O , Nesenenko P , Myronets M , Sokoliuk S
Published: January 2023

The research of the strategic alternatives for the development of the agricultural sector in conditions of environmental sustainability is considered in the article. Social and environmental problems that need to be properly solved in the field of the agrarian sector are investigated. Dynamics of exports to other countries of the world and the share of agricultural exports in its overall structure for 2007-2019 is reviewed. The Global Food Security Index (GFSI) as a quantitative-qualitative model based on more than 28 indicators for Ukraine is studied in dynamics. The method of forming the value of the GFSI indicator of Ukraine for 2021 is investigated. The supplement certain groups of agrarian sector development principles of the economy with separate principles are proposed. Directions for building a strategy for the agrarian sector development are suggested.
The logistic dynamics of population growth as a prerequisite for global sustainable development
Authors: Hrytsiuk P , Parfeniuk O , Shevchenko I
Published: January 2023

As a result of phenomenon of demographic transition, Verhulst’s logistic model is again relevant and allows to adequately reflect modern trends in population growth. The logistic dynamics of population growth can be considered as one of the main prerequisites for global sustainable development. Our research was based on the conclusions of most modern researchers, according to which the number of the Earth’s population cannot grow indefinitely. Such estimates are based on the limited reserves of the main exhaustible resources and on the current trend of declining birth rates. This indicates that the planet is moving into a new stationary state that corresponds to its increased industrial and technological capabilities, a higher level of health care. We built the logistic models that describe the dynamics of Earth population growth and its individual continents. These models make it possible to forecast the population size and its growth rates for the next 200 years. Obtained results open up an opportunity for regulation and optimal management of the Earth’s demographic resources.
Complex method for land degradation estimation
Authors: Kussul N , Shumilo L , Yailymova H , Shelestov A , Krasilnikova T
Published: January 2023

Satellite data of high spatial resolution have become publicly available since the launch of the EU Copernicus program, and their automated processing methods for solving a large number of diverse applied problems have received further development. Our task in this article is to analyze the dynamics of the land degradation level using land degradation assessment approaches based on satellite monitoring and taking appropriate measures. Within this work authors have developed the complex method for land degradation estimation that uses different schemes for separate land cover and crop types at country level based on satellite and modelling data. The deforestation was considered as land degradation in forest areas. For agricultural land, land degradation is determined by comparing the actual leaf area index (LAI) with the simulated (ideal) LAI, and for uncultivated land it is based on normalized difference vegetation index trend analysis from satellite information.