bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of the Microhistorical Approach to Landscape and Settlement Archaeology: Some French Examples
Authors: Poirier Nicolas
Published: March 2024

In this article, we study the contributions of the microhistorical approach to landscape and settlement archaeology in the French context. First, we outline the reception of microhistorical concepts in France. The micro-analytical scale allows a renewal of the questionings, of the approaches, and therefore of the vision of the studied societies. In the particular case of archaeological research on landscape and settlement, we argue that the microhistorical approach proposes the spatial micro-scale as a framework, but it must be surpassed by a comparative approach capable of discerning common trends and local particularities. This approach thus makes it possible to question major macro-historical questions that still lack clear and consensual answers, such as the modalities of transition between major historical phases, the nucleation of settlement into the medieval village, the extension of the finages and the possibility of agricultural growth in the early Middle Ages, or the modalities of management and exploitation of natural resources.
Pandemia Covid-19:
Authors: Menezes Manuel
Published: March 2024

O artigo reflete sobre a utilidade da semântica do risco para a compreensão do contexto pandêmico da COVID-19. Discute a teoria da sociedade de risco desenvolvida por BECK e complementada por GIDDENS, buscando salientar como as metamorfoses da natureza dos riscos, desvelam como traços fortes da contemporaneidade não só o aumento profuso dos riscos induzidos pela tecnociência (gerados socialmente), mas também, em consequência dos efeitos secundários incontrolados e imprevistos desse processo, a proliferação de uma incerteza ubíqua que, concomitantemente, coloca em causa a noção de risco enquanto algo objetivamente calculável e gera um estado de ansiedade e vigilância perpétuos. Partindo do binómio liberdade vs. segurança, tecemos algumas considerações sobre o modo como: (i) a ação humana, no mesmo processo em que buscou tornar os medos menos assustadores, acabou por produzir perigos mais ubíquos de que o SARS-CoV-2 pode, quiçá, ser considerado um exemplo; (ii) a maior ou menor confiança depositada na ciência, nos sistemas periciais, políticos, tende a influenciar as representações dos indivíduos relativamente à sua capacidade de lidar com os perigos associados à COVID-19; (iii) as perspectivas construtivista/sociocultural vs. objetiva/realista do risco podem revelar a sua utilidade na compreensão das distintas atitudes comportamentais (prudentes vs. incautas) ante os riscos e as medidas que, paulatinamente, têm sido adotadas para os combater. A análise permite concluir que o SARS-CoV-2 consubstancia um perfil de risco típico da modernidade tardia, e evidencia as influências da problematização das questões da segurança/liberdade e da percepção dos riscos na ação/reação dos indivíduos no contexto estudado.
Negócios de Impacto Social:
Authors: Scanavachi Bruna
Published: March 2024

Inspirado no conceito de espaço social, este trabalho contribui para o entendimento de como são os negócios de impacto empreendidos no Brasil. Para tanto, um estudo de caso na aceleradora Artemisia analisou o espaço social em torno da organização. A inovação organizacional proposta pelos negócios de impacto transforma, ao menos em teoria, a lógica do mundo econômico, aliando maximização de lucros a solução de problemas sociais. . A hipótese da transformação do modelo de negócio tradicional sugere a formação de um novo espaço social formado pelo encontro da lógica tradicional de mercado e da lógica de impacto social. Contudo, a hipótese foi refutada no caso da aceleradora ao evidenciar que o programa de aceleração é destinado, principalmente, aos agentes já estabelecidos na esfera de negócios tradicionais, se afastando da perspectiva dos negócios sociais europeus e de países em desenvolvimento e se aproximando da corrente norte-americana. Concluindo que apesar do conceito de negócios de impacto sugerir teoricamente a integração de lógicas de espaços distintos, o espaço analisado é ocupado por agentes vindos de uma elite empresarial.
Conflitos Socioambientais e Territorialidades em Disputa:
Authors: Mota Machado Laylson , Sieben Airton , Da Silva Oliveira Gerson , Moreira Amario Lucas
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os conflitos socioambientais da Usina Hidrelétrica de Estreito (MA), a partir das vivências dos/as atingidos/as do Acampamento Coragem. A comunidade ocupa um território em Palmeiras do Tocantins (TO), que é de posse do Consórcio Estreito Energia (CESTE), empreendedor da usina, que disputa judicialmente a posse da terra desde outubro de 2015. Essa população tem enfrentado os conflitos ocasionados pela barragem de Estreito desde a sua instalação e continuam a sofrer os efeitos ocasionados pelo empreendimento. Com a vinda da barragem para a região tiveram seus direitos violados, tendo sido deslocados compulsoriamente, passando a migrar em buscas de novas territorialidades, enfrentando desmatamentos, mortandade de peixes e injustiças sociais. Os caminhos metodológicos seguem a pesquisa qualitativa, com observação participante e entrevistas exploratórias realizadas em novembro de 2019. Dessa forma, evidencia-se que os grandes empreendimentos pautam-se numa lógica neoliberal desenvolvimentista de se apropriarem dos recursos naturais como mola propulsora da economia.
Uma releitura imanente da tese saussuriana da língua como instituição social
Authors: Sales Macedo Barbosa Alexandre
Published: March 2024

A tese da língua como instituição social se mostrou uma das ideias mais fecundas da linguística do século XX. Rompendo com o naturalismo da linguística do século XIX e apontando para as abordagens sociológicas atuais, o verdadeiro escopo dessa tese em Saussure é, no entanto, a nosso ver, um tanto mistificado. Procuramos, neste artigo, fazer uma leitura imanente de um recorte do corpus saussuriano (CLG e fontes manuscritas) que recoloque essa tese em seu efetivo lugar na reflexão saussuriana, notadamente levando em consideração a influência do americano Whitney, de quem Saussure afirma tê-la tomado. A partir deste recorte, bem como do livro de Whitney A vida da linguagem, evidenciou-nos que, enquanto neste último esta tese é levantada para explicar a mudança linguística, em Saussure a comparação da língua com as demais instituições cessa de ser proveitosa justamente quando se trata de explicar a mudança.
Fala e discurso nas elaborações de Ferdinand de Saussure
Authors: Montes Henriques Stefania
Published: March 2024

O Curso de Linguística Geral, publicado em 1916, foi o resultado, entre outras coisas, de anotações de alguns alunos de Ferdinand de Saussure produzidas durante os cursos proferidos na Universidade de Genebra, entre 1907 e 1911, além de notas autógrafas. Essa obra é responsável pela fundação da Linguística Moderna, porque nela está contida a afirmação de que a língua é um sistema de signos, além de outros pressupostos teóricos. Tendo em vista a importância destinada por Saussure à noção de língua, vários estudiosos acusaram-no de “excluir” a fala dos estudos linguísticos para se dedicar apenas ao estudo do sistema por meio da língua. Nesse sentido, com este artigo pretendemos evidenciar que não somente o conceito de fala é encontrado no CLG, como também o de discurso, e que ambos podem ser vislumbrados nos manuscritos saussurianos sobre as lendas germânicas.
Saussure e as línguas (no plural)
Authors: Arnhold Ritzel Júlio
Published: March 2024

A relação entre língua (singular) e línguas (plural) sempre foi muito cara para a Linguística Geral. Nesse contexto, o homem aparece como elemento de profundas reflexões, tanto para linguistas como para antropólogos. O presente artigo busca contribuir para essa discussão, ao analisar algumas proposições de Ferdinand de Saussure, o pai da linguística moderna, referentes a essa pluralidade das línguas, importantes para a construção da “língua” como entidade singular (e já analisada à exaustão). Para esse propósito, analisamse as discussões presentes nas Conferências de Genebra, ministradas em 1891, presentes nos Escritos de Linguística Geral, além de se fazer uma breve comparação do conteúdo das Conferências com algumas passagens do Curso de Linguística Geral, de 1916. Por fim, conclui-se que as contribuições de Saussure expostas nas Conferências apontam para indícios de um olhar antropológico sobre a linguagem.
Da linguística geral à poética do discurso
Authors: Neumann Daiane
Published: March 2024

Este artigo intenta trazer a noção de sistema para o centro da discussão acerca do pensamento saussuriano e da reflexão da poética do discurso a fim de compreender seu papel tanto na fundação da linguística moderna quanto seus efeitos na proposição da poética, tal como concebida por Henri Meschonnic. Para tanto, é preciso que se dissocie a noção de sistema da de estrutura, em Saussure, com o objetivo de que se atente para o caráter eminentemente dinâmico daquela. Como se argumenta neste texto, é a partir dessa reflexão que se pode abrir os estudos da linguagem para o pensamento do contínuo, o que transforma não somente a análise linguística mas também a forma de conceber a literatura e a arte.
O fazer literário explicitado e subjetivado
Authors: Marques Souza Izanete Marques Souza
Published: March 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar, à luz das teorias que embasam o campo da Escrita Criativa (Brasil, 2019; Brito, 2011; Gonzaga; Tutikian, 2015; Paéz, 2010; Paz, 1996), as estratégias utilizadas na trilogia Binti para estruturar a narrativa dessa novela. Para isso, recorreu-se a análise de conteúdo como metodologia de pesquisa e a análise proposicional do discurso (Bardin, 2016) como estratégia para olhar o casamento esperado entre ficção científica e ancestralidade nigeriana. Os resultados confirmaram, através dos estudos sobre empoderamento cunhados por feministas negras (Gonzalez, 2018, 2020; Collins, 2019; Davis, 2017), a tese de que obras ficcionais, independentemente das classificações que recebem, trazem os efeitos do racismo, porém a partir dos aspectos da negritude como fonte de orgulho, numa perspectiva de poder que não molesta, mas, ao contrário, acolhe, compartilha, vive, convive e reafirma a nossa amefricanidade.
Dialeto e cultura afro-americana
Authors: Oliveira Cardoso Emerson , Steil Juliana
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma tradução comentada do conto “The Strength of Gideon”, de Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906), para a língua portuguesa do Brasil. Entre as questões discutidas nos comentários, estão a representação da cultura negra estadunidense e o dialeto afro-americano que marca os diálogos no conto, sendo esta última uma das características mais controversas da produção literária do autor. A partir da perspectiva crítica apresentada, realiza-se uma reflexão sobre a tradução proposta centrada no dialeto utilizado por Dunbar, uma vez que este é o principal desafio tradutório do conto mencionado. A pesquisa debate sobre a importância de marcar a variação linguística presente no texto original, visto que é um elemento tão importante quanto a trama em si.
Converging Effects of Chronic Pain and Binge Alcohol Consumption on Anterior Insular Cortex Neurons Projecting to the Dorsolateral Striatum in Male Mice
Authors: Yin Yuexi , Haggerty David L. , Zhou Shudi , Atwood Brady K. , Sheets Patrick L.
Published: March 2024

Chronic pain and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid, and patients with chronic pain are more likely to meet the criteria for AUD. Evidence suggests that both conditions alter similar brain pathways, yet this relationship remains poorly understood. Prior work shows that the anterior insular cortex (AIC) is involved in both chronic pain and alcohol use disorder. However, circuit-specific changes elicited by the combination of pain and alcohol use remain understudied. The goal of this work was to elucidate the converging effects of binge alcohol consumption and chronic pain on AIC neurons that send projections to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Here, we used the Drinking-in-the-Dark (DID) paradigm to model binge-like alcohol drinking in mice that underwent spared nerve injury (SNI), after which whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings were performed in acute brain slices to measure intrinsic and synaptic properties of AIC-DLS neurons. In male, but not female mice, we found that SNI mice with no prior alcohol exposure consumed less alcohol compared to sham mice. Electrophysiological analyses showed that AIC-DLS neurons from SNI-alcohol male mice displayed increased neuronal excitability and increased frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. However, mice exposed to alcohol prior to SNI consumed similar amounts of alcohol compared to sham mice following SNI. Together, our data suggest that the interaction of chronic pain and alcohol drinking have a direct effect on both intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission onto AIC-DLS neurons in mice, which may be critical in understanding how chronic pain alters motivated behaviors associated with alcohol.

Significant StatementWe currently have a poor understanding of how the brain processes the interaction of pain and alcohol. Commonly, pain is associated with increased alcohol consumption. However, our data indicate that nerve-injury pain reduces alcohol consumption in mice with no prior exposure to alcohol. Only in these pain-alcohol mice, we found that a specific population of neurons in the anterior insular cortex (AIC) displayed an increase in excitability. Together, this suggests that pain and alcohol interaction can sensitize an AIC circuit that could be targeted for attenuating alcohol intake for treating alcohol-use disorders.
An Examination of Mainstream Media’s Treatment of Female Guitarists
Authors: Fincher Isabella
Published: March 2024

The music press in the United States has historically underrepresented and marginalized female guitarists, perpetuating and reinforcing the masculinization of the electric guitar in rock music culture. This study uses quantitive and textual analysis to examine gendered media representations of 43 influential female guitarists in 10 mainstream newspapers and music magazines from 1959 to 2023. For the 744 articles analyzed, the findings provide evidence to support the erasure of female guitarists, especially Black women, in the music press. The study then analyzes how these media representations highlight women’s femininity, appearance, and sexuality to deny them credibility, thus reproducing sexist gender stereotypes of electric guitar and excluding women from greatness in rock music.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and placental function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Silva Aimé , Motta Alicia
Published: March 2024

In brief

Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are frequently associated with abnormal placental functions. This review explores the involvement of proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in these processes, to gain molecular insights into abnormal pregnancy conditions associated with PCOS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major endocrine disorders affecting women during their reproductive ages.Given its association with other pathologies, such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, women with PCOS could present high-risk pregnancies, including a high abortion rate, implantation failure, an increased risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. These adverse pregnancy outcomes are often attributed, at least in part, to defects in placental functions. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are important transcription factors that participate in various placental pathways, regulating the expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation. Furthermore, PPARs have been shown to play a role in placental development and function. Taking together this evidence, the present review focuses on the role of PPARs in placental tissue and discusses their implications in the pregnancy outcomes commonly associated with the presence of PCOS. In addition, the main treatments frequently employed have also been discussed.
Oviduct and endometrial epithelium improve in vitro produced bovine embryo developmental kinetics
Authors: Senn L Kirsten , Peterson Katheryn D , Edwards J Lannett , Payton Rebecca R , Mathew Daniel J
Published: March 2024

In brief

Standard in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryo culture media limit embryonic development. Culturing IVP bovine embryos in standard IVP bovine embryo culture media conditioned with oviduct and/or endometrial cells improves blastocyst formation and reduces the time to formation.

In vitro embryo production in cattle greatly impacts blastomere biochemistry, embryo rate of development and pre- and post-transfer survival. In vivo, the bovine embryo migrates through the oviduct isthmus before entering the uterus on approximately day 4 of development where it remains unattached within the uterine lumen until day 20 of gestation. During this time, the embryo is sequentially exposed to oviduct followed by endometrial secretions that support embryonic development. Considering this, we tested the effect of culturing in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryos sequentially in oviduct epithelial- (OEp; days 1–3) followed by endometrial epithelial- (EEp) or EEp and fibroblast cell (EEp/F; days 4–8)-conditioned media on embryonic development using a time-lapse monitoring system. Compared to control, culturing IVP embryos in EEp- or EEp/F-conditioned media without prior culture in OEp-conditioned media increased blastocyst formation (P < 0.05) and reduced the time to blastocyst formation (P < 0.05). Culturing IVP bovine embryos in OEp-conditioned media followed by EEp- or EEp/F-conditioned media, however, had the greatest impact on embryo developmental kinetics and increased morula and blastocyst formation (P < 0.05) and reduced time to formation (P < 0.05). Day 8 blastocyst cell numbers, diameter and quality were not significantly different, although, blastocyst quality scores were less (indicative of better quality) for all cell-conditioned media compared to control. In conclusion, IVP bovine embryo development may be improved using a sequential embryo culture system involving bovine oviduct followed by endometrial cell-conditioned media.
The Role of Self-Determination Theory in Explaining Patients' Motivation to Continue Using Telemedicine in a Post-Pandemic World
Authors: Ries Teresa , Baier Daniel
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 has led to a considerable increase in telemedicine use by physicians and patients. However, usage is expected to decline post-pandemic despite the benefits in terms of convenience, reachability, accessibility, and cost. We are investigating antidotes to this supposed decline from the patient’s perspective: Which psychological needs and motivations may increase the patient’s satisfaction with telemedicine and her or his continuance intention? Our research combines the well-known Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM) from satisfaction research with motivation antecedents and outcomes according to Self-Determination Theory (SDT). We developed and shared a self-administered questionnaire in online health communities. A patient sample (n = 464) participated in the survey. A subsample (n = 151) had experiences with medical teleconsultation or similar medical applications, whereas other patients (n = 313) with teleconsultations in administration, business, or education only. Overall, both subsamples reveal almost the same results. Perceived usefulness (e.g., time-saving and quick access to healthcare treatment) is the most important continuance intention predictor. However, psychological needs from SDT (e.g., perceived competence and perceived relatedness) also determine motivation, satisfaction, and continuance intention. The combination of ECM and SDT appears to lay the foundation for improved research for digitalized healthcare delivery. Further, both subsamples demonstrate high satisfaction with telemedicine. Nevertheless, telemedicine providers and marketers should carefully optimize the patient journey while minimizing patient waiting time and focus on understanding users’ health needs to differentiate their services in the market.
Morphology of the Urban Phenomenon and Its Relation with Urban Livability
Authors: Shahbazi Samaneh , Nematollahi Mohamadali , Nabian Nashid
Published: March 2024

The livability of a city is a crucial aspect that greatly influences the well-being of its residents, and its relationship with the city's morphology is significant. This study aims to examine the correlation between block livability and block form. In the first step, the goal is to propose a quantitative model, the "Livable Block Index (LBI)," to measure the level of livability. The LBI considers the multi-functionality of urban zones as a key factor in measuring block livability, analyzing both the variety of uses within each lot and the distribution of uses across the block. Additionally, the study investigates the form of urban blocks, considering their area, shape, and proportions. The proposed model is applied to specific districts in Tehran, using Grasshopper for data modeling, visualization, and analysis. Initial findings reveal a meaningful relationship between block form and livability levels; however, it is apparent that a comprehensive understanding requires the consideration of additional parameters. Further research is necessary to develop a more comprehensive view of the correlations between urban block form and livability.
Transanal Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization (THD): A Single Center Experience on 100 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Mitevski Aleksandar , Cvetanovski Vladko , Markov Petar , Milev Ilija
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Surgeons, using all available means for the treatment of the hemorrhoidal disease, must make compromises between the radicality of the potential surgical treatment (to prevent recurrence) and the maintenance of the postoperative functionality of the anorectum (avoiding stricture, anal fissures, incontinence, reduction of postoperative pain etc.). Materials and methods. All patients treated with the THD method using a system manufactured by THD S.p.A., Correggio, Italy, consisting of a proctoscope equipped with a Doppler probe and a light source was used to perform the operation. Results. Out of 100 operated patients, 64 (64%) were men and 36 (36%) were women. 54 patients had third degree hemorrhoidal disease, 32 had fourth degree, 7 patients had fourth degree hemorrhoidal disease with active bleeding and 7 patients had second degree hemorrhoidal disease with active bleeding. In the follow-up period, anal fissure formation in two patients and prolapse of a hemorrhoidal node in a treated patient with fourth-degree hemorrhoidal disease were noted. Discussion. It is estimated that more than 50% of the general population will experience at least one episode of symptomatic hemorrhoids during their lifetime. Morphological and hemodynamic changes that occur in patients with hemorrhoidal disease is the finding of an increased diameter of the terminal branches of the superior rectal artery that supplies the hemorrhoidal nodes. These branches are 10–11 in number, of which ligation of up to six is allowed for effective treatment with the THD method. Conclusion. If the THD technique is used according to the established standards, postoperative complications in patients in the form of fecal incontinence and chronic pain have not been described, which is also confirmed in our series. The absence of serious complications while addressing a hemorrhoidal disease at the level of the cause of its occurrence, makes the THD+mucopexy technique applicable in most cases. Correct manipulation of the instruments, precision in dearterization, mucopexy of the rectal mucosa and submucosa are imperative for achieving excellent results.
An optical-scan method for measuring the as installed surface port incidence angles for flush air data sensing (FADS) systems
Authors: A Whitmore Stephen
Published: March 2024

The Flush Air Data Sensing (FADS) System, where air data are inferred from non-intrusive surface pressure measurements, uses natural contours of the vehicle forebody, wing leading edge, or probe. Although multiple methods have been developed to derive airdata from the sensed pressure matrix, all methods rely on accurate knowledge of local surface contours at the port locations. One of the most well-developed solution methods curve-fits the surface pressure distribution against the associated surface incidence angles using a quasi-Newtonian model. The well-known "Triples" algorithm extracts airdata from the curve-fit model. This solution method requires precise knowledge of as-installed incidence angles, i.e. the angles between the surface normal and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. This study investigates the feasibility and accuracy of using an inexpensive optical-scanning system to measure the in-situ FADS pressure ports surface incidence angles. Here, two legacy 3-D printed probe shapes, as previously tested during a series of very low-speed wind tunnel tests, were used to develop and evaluate this method. The shapes 1) a hemispherical head cylindrical forebody, and 2) a Rankine-Body, were scanned along the longitudinal axis and the resulting point-cloud was edited using open-source software to generate three concentric "loops" surrounding each surface port. Each annular loop was assumed as co-planar with the surface port, and the singular-value decomposition (SVD) was used calculate the local surface gradient vector from the null-space solution. From the resulting gradient vector, geometric relationships calculate the port's polar coordinates including the surface incidence angle. For both body contours the resulting calculations are compared to the "known" design surface angles as prescribed for the 3-D prints. Error plots are presented for each individual ring-set, and for the collected set using all three ring together. For the collected data sets, the incidence angle calculations are accurate to within a quarter-degree.
Haematological and biochemical parameters of West Africa Dwarf goats fed pleurotus tuber regium biodegraded groundnut shells included diets
Authors: A Dauda , PA Saingbe , DN Jibrin
Published: March 2024

A total of twenty (20) West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks with an average weight of 6.5 kg were used to study the Haematological and biochemical parameters. The animals were weighed and randomly distributed into five treatment groups of four animals per treatment diets containing varying levels of undegraded ground nut shells (UGNS) and Pleurotus tuber regium biodegraded ground nut shells (PT-GNS) in a Completely Randomized Design for the feeding trial (T1=100% UGN, T2=75% UGN + 25% PT-GNS, T3= 50% UGN + 50% PT-GNS, T4= 25% UGN + 75% PT-GNS and T5= 100% PT-GNS) such that each animal served as a replicate. Feed and water were provided at lib libitum. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of the 20 WAD goats at the 84th day of the feeding trail. Three milliliter (3ml) of blood collected from each of these goats were stored in plastic sample bottles containing EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) for haematological and serum biochemistry study. The result showed all haematological parameters showed significance (P<0.05) difference except mean corpuscular volume. Serum biochemistry also showed significance (P<0.05) difference except for calcium and urea. The study concluded that for groundnut shells to make a substantial contribution to ruminant nutrition, it must be treated in some ways to improve its nutritional potentials and make it easier for rumen microbes to attack the fibre.
Inhibition of zinc corrosion by glycerol stearate in 1.0M hydrochloric acid medium with experimental, theoretical, and electrochemical techniques
Authors: Pesha Thabo , Mulaudzi Vusimuzi L , Mkhonto Peace P , Mothapo Mmaphefo P , Mothlathlo Terrence
Published: March 2024

Glycerol Stearate (GS) was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor via weight loss on zinc (Zn) metal inside 1.0M hydrochloric acids (HCl). Different electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and characterization methods were used in the study. Weight loss measurements and inhibition efficiency (IE) were used to calculate the amount of weight loss and to scrutinize the effect of inhibition concentration on the metal in HCl, and it demonstrated that weight loss decreased as the inhibition concentration increased, and percentage inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibition concentration. The Corrosion rate () was calculated, and it was observed that it decreased with the increasing inhibition concentration but increased with an increase in temperature. The compound of inhibitor effectively prevented corrosion by becoming adsorbed to the metal surface and was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Free Gibbs energy (FGE) demonstrated a spontaneous corrosion process at the metal surface of zinc and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the surface morphology of the protective layer and confirmed that the adsorption of glycerol stearate was via physisorption adsorption. The adsorption of glycerol stearate on the metal surface was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
Recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with wilson disease who is on long-term D-penicillamine: Case report
Authors: MDN Gunathilaka , LMH Bandara , S Handagala , WNS Kularatne
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces (PSP) in association with liver disease is well known to occur with alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). Wilson disease (WD) association with recurrent PSP is not a known entity. Case presentation: A 42-year-old nonsmoker man with a history of recurrent PSP was admitted with a large right pneumothorax. Following intercostal chest drain (ICD) patient’s breathing improved and the lung expanded. Despite that, he continued to have a small residual pneumothorax (<2cm). Twelve years ago, he was diagnosed with WD. The patient was on treatment with D-penicillamine. After 3 years of the diagnosis of WD, the patient developed left-sided recurrent PSPs where he ended up with a left-pleurectomy in 2015. For the current event, initially expectant management was done for residual pneumothorax. All the possible causes for PSP were excluded. On follow-up, he continued to be symptomatic. A thoracic surgical referral was arranged for Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) and redo-pleurectomy. The safety of future treatment with D-penicillamine is not concluded as there is no convincing evidence to prove it as a culprit agent for PSPs. Multidisciplinary discussion was arranged and consideration of treatment with alternative copper chelating therapy was emphasized. Conclusion: Though rare, it is important to observe for occurrence of PSP in WD patients. This case report will be eye-opening for the association of lung disease and WD and related treatment.
Comparative study on dyeing conventional polyester and microfibre polyester with disperse dye and evaluate different dyeing effects
Authors: Alam Mohammad Mahbubul , Muntasir Kazi Sifat , Saha Akash Kumar , Afrin Fadia , Salma Umme
Published: March 2024

In this study, an attempt was taken to dye conventional and microfibre polyester filaments with disperse dye and evaluate their different dyeing effects in similar dyeing condition. The main attention was given to find out K/S values, color difference and different color fastness properties (light and wash fastness) and also the amount of dyes addition required for microfibre polyester filaments to get the same depth of shade as conventional one’s. There were three different hues (Red, Navy and Green) of 5 different shades (0.5%, 1.5%, 3%, 4% and 6%) were used. The result shows that, microfibre polyester requires higher amount of dyes due to more surface area and greater absorbing capability of it. Almost similar light fastness was found in both conventional and microfibre polyester filaments and lower wash fastness properties of microfibre filaments when compared to those of conventional polyester.
Sustainable trimmings for clothing
Authors: Curto Valle Rita de Cassia , Moraes Jacqueline Rodrigues , Steffens Fernanda
Published: March 2024

Global environmental concerns, as well as the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources based on fossil fuels, have led to research into the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable materials for use in a variety of applications. The textile chain is wide and diversified according to the final product. The basic raw material is the fibers/filaments, however, other compounds/materials are necessary for the formation of the part. In this context are the trimmings, elements that are part of the finishing of the pieces and that can be used for decoration or functionality. The materials most used in the production of trim are synthetic. Therefore, this article aims to present a review about sustainable trims, obtained from different materials, which are usually discarded in nature, and which are increasingly being used in the textile and fashion industry, as well as clothing companies that have already adopted sustainable practices and the challenges that arise when adopting sustainable materials.
A quick look at the recent advances, current state of utilization and expected future usage of artificial intelligence (AI) in the global textile manufacturing industry
Authors: Parachuru Radhakrishnaiah
Published: March 2024

A significant part of the current textile manufacturing industry around the world is managed and governed by individuals who are not sufficiently trained in information technology. While future textile engineers and technologists may come out sufficiently equipped to understand IT and its implications to the textile manufacturing industry, those running the industry today can benefit through simple elaboration of potentially useful IT tools and the many benefits they offer to the textile industry. This is especially true in the case of technologies that surfaced within the last two decades and are already making a sizable impact on products, production processes and the bottom lines of manufacturing industries. Artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies fall under the category of rapidly emerging technologies that carry the potential to significantly re-shape the global manufacturing and service industries. This paper makes an attempt to describe these technologies and their potential benefits in such a way that textile industry leaders who are not IT experts can understand them to the extent of driving themselves to enthusiastically adopt them.
Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: British Cardiovascular Intervention Society and British Heart Rhythm Society Position Statement
Authors: Betts Tim R , Calvert Patrick A , Graham Lee N , Clesham Gerald J , Gunarathne Ashan , Clapp Brian , Gupta Dhiraj , Kovac Jan , Newton James D , Hildick-Smith David
Published: March 2024

Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion aims to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with AF, particularly those who are not good candidates for systemic anticoagulation. The procedure has been studied in large international randomised trials and registries and was approved by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in 2014 and by NHS England in 2018. This position statement summarises the evidence for left atrial appendage occlusion and presents the current indications. The options and consensus on best practice for pre-procedure planning, undertaking a safe and effective implant and appropriate post-procedure management and follow-up are described. Standards regarding procedure volume for implant centres and physicians, the role of multidisciplinary teams and audits are highlighted.
МОТИВИ ЕЛЕКТОРАТУ
Authors: FARAFONOVA Irina
Published: March 2024

Досліджено, що однією з найактуальніших проблем для прогнозу активності електорату у політичному процесі є аналіз поведінки електорату, яка основана на мотивації, настрої, уподобаннях, різних внутрішніх та зовнішніх факторах, які мають вплив на поведінку виборця. Увиразнено дослідження що передові філософи XYII століття були прихильниками прав людини та розглядали природні права громадянина, які були важливими. Як право на життя, право на свободу, право на власність.Проаналізовано поняття мотиви та потреби. Розглянуто місце мотивів та потреб. При потребах розглядається явище, що виникає у суспільстві, як соціальні відносини, а при мотиві - це суб’єктивне явище і належить конкретній людині. Проведено дослідження, що виборець на виборах голосує не за кандидата чи партію, а голосує за свої особисті потреби та мотиви. З’ясовано, що якість потреб залежить від мотивів, які різняться за спрямованістю, що включають високі та низькі об’єкти уподобань людини. Значну роль на джерело активності людини впливають потреби електорату, які є основою мотивів людини. Здійснено аналіз дослідження, яке основане на філософському розумінні вивчення мотивів та потреб електорату. З’ясовано, що система потреб впливає на мотиви, які підпорядковані ієрархії, де будь-який наступний ступінь мотивації підіймається, коли попередній ступінь реалізований. Узагальнено, що якість потреб залежить від мотивів, які різняться за спрямованістю.
МІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНІСТЬ У ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ СУЧАСНИХ ЗБРОЙНИХ КОНФЛІКТІВ
Authors: ZAICHENKO Iryna
Published: March 2024

У статті здійснено спробу за допомогою міждисциплінарного підходу визначити понятійно-категоріальний апарат, яким оперують у публічному просторі для оцінки збройних конфліктів між Росією та Україною і Палестиною та Державою Ізраїль.Мета статті – на прикладі збройних конфліктів в Україні та Державі Ізраїль довести доцільність та ефективність застосування міждисциплінарного підходу до дослідження сучасних збройних конфліктів у світі. Авторкою показано, що у випадку обох збройних конфліктів весь спектр задіяних методів насилля – військового, економічного, психологічного тощо, і широке та вільне потрактування подій призводять до необхідності застосування підходів і методів різних галузей науки, задля отримання комплексного розуміння про сучасні збройні конфлікти. Йдеться про категоріальний апарат, методи та методологію політичної, військової науки, міжнародного права, економіки та міжнародних економічних відносин, студій з глобальної та регіональної безпеки тощо. Крім того, обидва конфлікти мають глибокі історичні підвалини, національні міфи, постаті і події, довкола яких формуються інформаційно-психологічні спецоперації, вибудовується інформаційна політика виправдання насилля історичною «тяглістю та споконвічністю», а наслідки впливають на динаміку настроїв та очікувань населення, рівень легітимності влади, ризик виникнення кризових явищ у суспільстві, а в перспективі – резонуватимуть з демографічною ситуацією в цілому, міграційними і соціокультурними процесами в глобальному вимірі.Доведено, що в епоху невизначеності та гібридності, комплексне вивчення збройних конфліктів має бути міжгалузевим і міждисциплінарним. Продемонстровано набір методів та інструментів дослідження, який є доцільним на думку авторки.
Physiology and biochemistry of naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam) fruit during postharvest and the main conservation strategies: A review
Authors: Reyes Medina Andrea Johana , Castellanos Espinosa Diego Alberto , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique
Published: March 2024

Naranjilla (lulo) is an Andean fruit that is very attractive for consumption due to its acid flavor and aroma, as well as its antioxidant, mineral, carbohydrate, and protein content. However, several aspects of the fruit´s pre-harvest and ripening postharvest are unknown, which results in deficiencies during the postharvest handling and conservation. The aim of this review was to present and describe the naranjilla fruit´'s main physiological changes, such as respiration pattern, ethylene production, firmness reduction, and pigment variation, as well as the main preservation technologies implemented during the postharvest period. Naranjilla fruit has been cataloged as a climacteric fruit but its respiratory rate is lower than other fruits in this group. During ripening, there are changes such as a color evolution from green to yellow hue for the pulp and peel, an increase in the concentration of soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, and ethylene production, as well as a reduction in firmness and acidity. Given the nature of its ripening, naranjilla is considered a perishable fruit. To preserve the fruits throughout the postharvest period, different technologies involving cooling, packaging in modified atmospheres (MAP), use of 1-methylciclopropene (1-MCP), UV-C and gamma radiation, and ozone application have been evaluated. From these technologies, refrigeration and MAP are the most often used commercially; they are efficient and relatively economical. More research is required to optimize the use of these technologies for naranjilla preservation.
Factors associated with the adoption of technologies for avocado production systems
Authors: Cáceres-Zambrano Jeimmy , Ramírez-Gil Joaquín Guillermo , Barrios Dursun
Published: March 2024

The growth of avocado crops has led to an increase in technological needs and research to satisfy the demands of the value chain. There is a wide range of technologies applicable for this fruit crop, and there are challenges for transferring and adopting these processes. The objective of this work was to explore the determining factors in the adoption of technologies for avocado production systems and the perception of producers about these factors. For this, we carried out a socioeconomic characterization of avocado producers in Colombia including the recognition of the perception of producers regarding technological adoption variables and an exploratory factorial analysis to evaluate the adoption factors based on the perception and technological level (TL). We found that some socioeconomic variables are related to the TL of the production systems. Meanwhile, perceptions regarding the adoption variables varied depending on the TL of the producers. Low TL presented a greater number of determinant variables in adoption decision-making. In contrast, for the medium and high levels of TL, adoption of technology was based on economic analysis. This research provides evidence for the effect of socioeconomic factors on the adoption of technologies in avocado production systems and shows how the perception of producers regarding these adoptions involves determinants associated with TL.
Ethics and Welfare in invertebrates: a stepping-stone to research and animal production
Authors: Crespi-Abril Augusto C. , Rubilar Tamara
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Even though only a few species are considered to be dangerous, pests or vectors, the majority of invertebrates produce a feeling of aversion in humans. This has contributed to the delay in the development of ethical considerations as regards this group in contrast with vertebrates, with the exception of cephalopods. 

Objective: In the present study, we provide an overview of the current situation on animal ethics and welfare in order to contribute to the development of a framework for ensuring invertebrate welfare. 

Methods: Today, animal welfare is multidisciplinary in nature to a very high degree as it includes ethology, physiology, pathology, biochemistry, genetics, immunology, nutrition, cognitive-neural, veterinary medicine, and ethics. Animal welfare is a complex concept, difficult to achieve successfully from one perspective. 

Results: As a consequence, we propose to include the five domains (nutrition, environment, health, behaviour and mental state) along with the three conceptions (basic health and functioning, affective state and natural living), as well as the 5R Principle (Replace, Reduction, Refinement, Respect and Responsibility) in seeking to achieve a comprehensive welfare state. 

Conclusions: We consider that in both research and animal production, the individual and collective ethical concerns coexist and, in fact, the main moral concern to account for is the collective one and that, within that collective view, the individual moral concern should be applied with responsibility and respect for the individual. Finally, we propose a practical example of invertebrate welfare production in sea urchin aquaculture with the aim of including animal production of invertebrates in this important discussion.
Recent molecular techniques to strengthen ecological studies in echinoderms
Authors: Rodríguez-Barreras Ruber
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Echinoderms, an integral component of marine ecosystems worldwide, have captivated scientific interest for centuries. Despite this longstanding attention, comprehending key facets such as trophic relationships, diet composition, and host-microbiota relationships still represents a challenge using traditional techniques. Recent years, however, have witnessed a transformative shift, thanks to the emergence of advanced molecular techniques, offering new approaches to strengthen ecological studies in echinoderms.
Objective: Explore how recent advancements in molecular tools have impacted ecological research on echinoderms. Specifically, we aim to investigate the potential of these tools to shed light on trophic interactions, diet composition, and the characterization of gut microbial communities in these organisms.
Methods: Available literature was used to clarify how novel molecular techniques can improve ecological studies. The focus is diet, trophic relationships, and gut microbiota.
Results: Traditionally, studies of stomach contents using compound microscopy have provided an idea of ingested material; nevertheless, sometimes a simple magnified visualization of dietary content does not allow exhaustive identification of the entire food spectrum, as it is limited due to the rapid digestion and maceration of food items within the echinoderm’s digestive tract. The use of DNA-metabarcoding, targeting specific DNA regions, such as the mitochondrial COI gene, has allowed us to enhance the accuracy and precision of diet characterization by enabling the identification of prey items down to the species or even genetic variant level, providing valuable insights into specific dietary preferences. Another approach is the use of stable isotopes, particularly carbon and nitrogen, which provide a powerful tool to trace the origin and flow of nutrients through food webs. By analyzing the isotopic signatures in muscular tissues and food items, we can discern the sources of their primary food items and gain insights into their trophic position within the ecosystem. Lastly, a third new technique used to elucidate the characterization of the prokaryotic community is 16S rRNA sequencing. This method allows us to explore the composition and dynamics of the digestive tract microbial communities.
Conclusions: This is a promising era for ecological research on echinoderms, where advances of molecular tools have enabled an unprecedented level of detail, resolving longstanding challenges in comprehending their trophic interactions, diet composition, and host-microbiota relationships, and opening new avenues of investigation in ecological studies.