bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the European Capital of Culture project on the image of the city of Novi Sad: The perception of the local community
Authors: Kovačić Sanja , Vujičić Miroslav , Čikić Jovana , Šagovnović Ivana , Stankov Uglješa , Zelenović-Vasiljević Tamara
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, the research focus is mainly on how tourists perceive the destination image, while the local community, as a very important key actor, is very often neglected in the studies. In light of the fact that Novi Sad has been declared the European Capital of Culture 2021, great attention has been placed on the local community and its perception of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) influence on all aspects of the city's life, including city image. In this regard, during April and May 2018, a survey of residents of Novi Sad was conducted to explore their perception of the city's image - cognitive, affective, and overall. Moreover, the paper is focused on identifying the differences in the image perception on the basis of the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics. In this study, which is the beginning of a longitudinal study aiming to follow the influence of the ECoC project on the city image, a total of 797 respondents participated. The results of the research on the cognitive image indicate that the local community mostly agrees with the claims that Novi Sad is a pleasant place to live in, that it has a good gastronomic offer, is an attractive place for education, and that people are kind and hospitable. On the other hand, the smallest degree of agreement is observed with claims which refer to the living standard in the city. When it comes to tourism and culture, significant differences are observed between individual attributes. Also, research on the affective image shows that the city is perceived as relaxing, pleasant, exciting, and lively. The paper also shows that residents sociodemographic characteristics (age, education, monthly income, employment status) influence the image perception.
Tourists approaches to eco-friendly hotels and determination of green hotel preferences: The case of Eskişehir
Authors: Aksöz Emre , Aydın Birgül , Esin Yücel
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to determine how eco-friendly applications have an impact on the purchasing behaviour of tourists and hotel preferences. In this context, the related data was obtained from 408 participants. T-test was applied in order to determine the impact on the purchasing behaviour of tourists and hotel preferences. As a result of the analysis, it is determined that the majority of the tourists are sensitive about the environment by taking into account eco-friendly hotel accommodation preference and eco-friendly hotels are pioneer in developing new technologies, high qualified, happy to stay in eco-friendly hotels, and eco-friendly hotels evoke nature. Also, it is found that eco-friendly hotels evoke health and wellness. These findings provide an insight into literature and new directions and suggestions for marketing organizations and business managers.
Psychological support groups for hospital patients undergoing treatment in the Radiotherapy Department
Authors: Murić Damira , Raspopović Milena
Published: July 2021

Introduction/Aim: Research has shown that psychosocial support activates patients' resources and provides a better quality of life to oncology patients who struggle with the disease and side-effects of the therapy. The aim of this study was to examine whether connecting hospitalized patients based on a similar emotional experience during treatment could help them in coping and accepting the treatment. Methods: In September 2019, we began the program of psychological support groups with patients at the Department of Radiotherapy of the Institute of Oncology, Clinical Center of Montenegro. While designing the content of the workshops, we used our own knowledge in the field of health psychology, applied psychological techniques and psychotherapy, and placed special emphasis on mindfulness or full awareness. Our sample consisted of 58 workshop participants, 36 were women and 22 were men. The workshops consisted of 7 segments and they were organized once in a month during six months and lasted 1 hour and 30 minutes. Results: Qualitative analysis of the content of the workshops and subsequent monitoring of patients who went through them shows that organizing support groups has its meaning and purpose and many benefits, primarily in the field of accepting the illness, overcoming emotional blockages, strengthening self-capacity and focusing on other life circumstances, besides their disease. Conclusion: It is necessary to organize this type of workshops for patients who are treated on an outpatient basis, as well as to introduce new segments in the content of the workshops.
Evaluación de la práctica de los docentes de educación obligatoria, estudio comparado en Europa
Authors: Herradas Martin Susana
Published: July 2021

El  análisis de la evaluación docente constituye una pieza clave en la mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y del desarrollo profesional docente. El Marco Europeo ha definido una línea de trabajo sobre las competencias docentes que intentan dar respuesta a las necesidades de la sociedad actual. ¿Cuáles son estas competencias y cómo se evalúan dentro de la práctica docente?  Los diferentes países europeos diseñan sus políticas de evaluación educativa, seleccionados cuatro ejemplos representativos de  modelos educativos (centroeuropeo, nórdico, anglosajón y meridional) se realizará un estudio comparado sobre evaluación docente. En una primera fase se elaborará la unidad de análisis incluyendo las siguientes dimensiones: el carácter de la evaluación, la evaluación de la práctica docente, desarrollo profesional docente, recogida de datos de la evaluación docente y por último la devolución de los resultados de la evaluación y su uso. Se aplicará la unidad de análisis a cada uno de los sistemas educativos del estudio con ayuda de un árbol de parámetros. Se observa que no hay un modelo unificado de evaluación docente en los cuatro países del estudio. En los diferentes modelos de evaluación analizados no se recogen de forma detallada las competencias docentes propuestas por la Comisión Europea para la mejora de la práctica docente. Sí se observa un creciente interés por parte de los diferentes sistemas educativos de implementar la evaluación docente como elemento para conseguir la eficacia educativa. De los modelos estudiados los que presentan mejores resultados son aquellos que son capaces de generar una cultura evaluativa que facilite el desarrollo de un sistema dinámico y flexible donde los resultados reviertan directamente en los alumnos, los docentes y la institución a la que pertenecen.
La reforma de la formación inicial del profesorado: Colaboración entre las universidades y los centros de enseñanza obligatoria. Experiencias europeas.
Authors: Senent Sánchez Joan Maria , Senent Capuz Marta
Published: July 2021

IntroducciónLas políticas europeas de formación del profesorado han fluctuado en los últimos veinte años en un intento de mejorar la eficacia y la calidad de la formación del profesorado. En los últimos cinco años, varios países europeos han propuesto o desarrollado diferentes tipos de reforma de la formación del profesorado. En España, hace dos años, en diciembre de 2018, el Gobierno convocó una macro-reunión y en febrero de 2020 anunció en el Congreso una nueva iniciativa para mejorar la formación del profesorado.Método Una vez realizado el diagnóstico de la formación, se analizaron diversos documentos de la CRUE, de la Conferencia de Decanos, del grupo Palma, de la Generalitat de Cataluña  y documentos de la Bélgica francófona, que publicaron nuevos aspectos de la formación del profesorado. Asimismo se estudiaron a fondo diversas experiencias, de pràcticas (Italia), de colaboración con el profesorado de la escuela obligatoria (Bélgica) y sde inducción Profesional (Inglaterra y Alemania).ResultadosComo ejemplos de colaboración entre la formación inicial del profesorado y los centros de enseñanza primaria y secundaria, se han presentado los resultados de la experiencia italiana de organización del practicum, la experiencia belga de colaboración entre los centros de formación del profesorado y los centros de enseñanza, y las experiencias alemana e inglesa del periodo de inducción.DiscusiónLas cuatro experiencias nos presentan nuevas formas de colaboración entre la Universidad y las escuela obligatoria que muestran el camino a seguir en el caso español, pues destacan las virtudes de dicha colaboración para plantear una nueva formación de docentes más cercana a la práctica, y en la que los propios docentes puedan intervenir en la formación inicial, lo que sin duda generará beneficios para el alumno, que llegaría a la escuela habiendo pisado en diversos momentos las aulas de enseñanza.
De la formación docente en España a la práctica educativa en Senegal: un proyecto de cooperación internacional basado en el aprendizaje servicio para Infantil y Primaria
Authors: López-García-Torres Rocío , Saneleuterio Elia , Andreu-Ato Nuria
Published: July 2021

Se presenta y analiza un proyecto de cooperación internacional para alumnado universitario español, en el que se combina la metodología formativa de aprendizaje servicio (ApS) con una estancia en un país emergente. Desde los grados de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria de la Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, se planificó y ejecutó una intervención educativa en Djikesse (Senegal), concretamente en las escuelas de Educación Infantil (Guardería Antoni Gaudí) y de Educación Primaria (Escuela Primaria de Djikesse). Participaron nueve maestros senegaleses y un total de 290 estudiantes entre ambas etapas educativas; por su parte, desde España se involucraron dos profesoras y ocho estudiantes de la universidad mencionada. Estos últimos, futuros docentes, tuvieron la posibilidad de completar su formación con esta experiencia. Los resultados evidencian diversos beneficios del proyecto, tanto para la comunidad educativa visitante como para la de acogida. Respecto a la parte de servicio o repercusión en Senegal, destaca la promoción de metodologías activas de aprendizaje, haciendo consciente al profesorado de la importancia de la experimentación y la observación, así como de promover un aprendizaje globalizador y significativo, además del avance en la concepción del juego y su papel en el aprendizaje. Como debilidad, pueden mencionarse las dificultades con los procesos cooperativos, debido a la falta de espacio y de recursos. En cuanto al aprendizaje, tras la autoevaluación del proyecto por parte de los participantes universitarios se concluye que habría sido necesaria una mayor implicación del alumnado en la fase de planificación, y especialmente en lo relativo a la evaluación. Con todo, la experiencia ha conseguido vincular la teoría con la práctica y sus beneficios son considerables, entre otros, la conciencia sobre el valor fundamental de la educación como instrumento para combatir la pobreza y la exclusión social.
Ley General de Educación Superior de México. Calidad, inclusión social, gratuidad y obligatoriedad de la enseñanza superior: criterios que sostienen una ley
Authors: Sánchez Lissen Encarnación , Sianes Bautista Alicia
Published: July 2021

En el Diario Oficial de la Federación (DOF) de México, de 20 de abril de 2021, se ha publicado la Ley General de Educación Superior (LGES), una nueva ley con la que se deroga la Ley para la Coordinación de la Educación Superior (DOF, 29 de diciembre de 1978). La componen 7 Títulos, además de 21 disposiciones transitorias que integran un total de 77 artículos. Todos ellos pretenden dar cumplimiento a las disposiciones constitucionales en el marco del artículo 3º de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Con esta ley se abre una nueva etapa educativa que respalda los cambios sociales, tecnológicos, de mercado laboral, políticos y también económicos que se producen en el país. Para atender esta diversidad y cubrir estas pretensiones la ley se centra esencialmente en sustentar la autonomía de los centros de enseñanza superior, en fomentar la equidad como base de un modelo educativo abierto a todos, en contemplar una etapa obligatoria y gratuita que se hará de manera gradual y que ayude a contrarrestar la alta deserción de estudiantes universitarios y graduados superiores que existe en México. Asimismo, la inclusión y la excelencia son otros dos grandes objetivos que promueve esta ley y, en torno a ellos, se establecen propuestas relacionadas con el género, la diversidad y también la rendición de cuentas, en base a esa calidad educativa a la que aspiran. La LGES se presenta como un instrumento básico y de apoyo para avanzar en estos logros.
Editorial: La educación en los países emergentes: ¿nuevos laboratorios educativos del siglo XXI?
Authors: Ancheta Arrabal Ana
Published: July 2021

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Children's Rights Conflict with the Law in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Riduansyah  , Risdalina  , Sriono  , M Indra Kumalasari , Siregar Muhammad Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Children are individuals who are less than 18 years old. Children both in the constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and internationally have the right to be protected. This scientific work aims to analyze the rights of children who are in conflict with the law during the covid 19 pandemic, do children who are in conflict with the law during the covid 19 pandemic get special rights? The method used to obtain data in this scientific work is using the empirical juridical method with primary data obtained directly. Based on the results of the analysis conducted, the rights of children who are in conflict with the law during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia get special rights or get special treatment. The rights of children given are the right to survival (survival rights), the right to grow and develop (development rights), the right to obtain protection (protection rights), the right to participate (participation rights). Giving health rights to children in conflict, and resolving legal conflicts by prioritizing the diversion process, namely the transfer of the settlement of children's cases from the criminal justice process to processes outside criminal justice. There are obstacles or obstacles in handling children who are in conflict with the law, namely in general the detention rooms for children in Indonesia are not adequate, even some areas do not have special detention rooms for children and special investigators for children. and resolve legal conflicts by prioritizing the diversion process, namely the transfer of the settlement of children's cases from the criminal justice process to processes outside of criminal justice. There are obstacles or obstacles in handling children who are in conflict with the law, namely in general the detention rooms for children in Indonesia are not adequate, even some areas do not have special detention rooms for children and special investigators for children. and resolve legal conflicts by prioritizing the diversion process, namely the transfer of the settlement of children's cases from the criminal justice process to processes outside of criminal justice. There are obstacles or obstacles in handling children who are in conflict with the law, namely in general the detention rooms for children in Indonesia are not adequate, even some areas do not have special detention rooms for children and special investigators for children.
The Concept of State Responsibility in Fulfilling the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the Manpower Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Warsono  , Mashari
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze the implementation of state responsibilities in fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities in the field of employment in Indonesia and the supporting and inhibiting factors of the state in fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities in the field of employment. The method used in this research is normative legal research, with legal studies using legal systematics, research that will synchronize regulations, and make comparisons with applicable laws and use legal history. The study results found that the state fulfills the rights of persons with disabilities in the field of employment by providing protection and fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities. Supporting factors for social movements in voicing the fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities, which are accommodated by the Indonesian Association of Persons with Disabilities, are supporting factors for the fulfillment of facilities for persons with disabilities in public spaces. The inhibiting factor is that the fulfillment of the rights of people with other disabilities is still lacking; it is proven that facilities for people with disabilities often make the facilities that have been built at several points ineffective and ineffective. The concept of state responsibility in fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities in the field of employment in Indonesia to obtain work and a decent living for humanity is a constitutional right guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Correctional Officers’ Perceptions about the Safety and Control of Prohibited Items Entering into Prisons and Penitentiaries
Authors: Tititampruk Dittita , Ketsil Tanet
Published: July 2021

The smuggling of prohibited items is one of the significant problems faced by prisons worldwide. This research explores the smuggling of prohibited items into Thai prisons by examining the perceptions of 20 correctional officers, who are directly involved in the prevention and suppression of such issues, by using qualitative research techniques. The results reveal that although measures have been put in place to prevent the smuggling of prohibited items and avert any prison searches, there are still channels for smuggling items in medium and maximum-security prisons. Finally, how other strategies may be employed by correctional administrators to control their facilities and environments are discussed.
Barriers to the Implementation of the Articles of Continuing Acts in the Law of Criminal Acts of Corruption in Indonesia
Authors: Kaplele Farida , Suseno Sigid , Sulistiani Lies , Rusmiati Elis
Published: July 2021

The problem that will be discussed in this paper is the problem of obstacles to eradicating criminal acts of corruption regulated in the Corruption Crime Act in Indonesia, which in its implementation is often associated with the existence of norms in Article 64 Paragraph (1) of the Indonesian Criminal Code which regulates criminal acts. (voorgezette handling) corruption in Indonesia. To overcome this problem, a search for documents and literature studies was carried out, a study of laws and regulations, including decisions on corruption cases that had existed, then carried out a descriptive analysis to solve the problem. The study results show that the obstacles in the application of Article 64 of the Criminal Code are related to continuing acts of corruption in Indonesia. First, the difficulty of separating a criminal act as a single offense if it is carried out by state officials who handle the same problem and project every time. Day; Second, it is often interpreted that the will's decision is an act of corruption itself; Third, the determination of material actions (feit materieele); and Fourth, continuous action is not only seen as a rule relating to the issue of the imposition of crime and the weighting of criminal acts.
Preparation protocols for SEM visualization of charred fossil plants: the case of Weichselia reticulata pinnule anatomy
Authors: Blanco-Moreno Candela
Published: July 2021

The cosmopolite Mesozoic fern Weichselia reticulata presents many peculiarities in the anatomy of its stem as well as in the architecture of its leaves. Previous analyses of the ultrastructure of their pinnule laminas provided some insight on xeromorphic traits. In this work new protocols for the preparation of charred compression foliage specimens embedded in a limestone matrix for their observation under SEM are presented, which enhance the observation of different plant tissues. The preparation with HCl allows for the visualization of the whole lamina, from the upper to the lower epidermis, which had not been done to date. Additionally, collodion, latex, or wax coverings of the fossils before dissolving the matrix with HCl enhance the observation of different structures and prevent the fragmentation of the specimen. These techniques have permitted a better description of the vascular tissues, and a redescription of the stomata, which do not have subsidiary cells as previously described. Moreover, the traits observed suggest a closer systematic relationship of Weichselia reticulata with the Marattiales and that this fern lived in areas with fluctuating water availability
THE STRATEGY OF INCREASING PRODUCTION COMPETITIVENESS IN FOOD INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA BY STIMULATING A NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Grujić Slavica , Grujčić Mirjana
Published: July 2021

Food processing enterprises could ensure production competitiveness by improving product quality and harmonising it with consumer requirements. The non- communicable diet-related diseases have been increas- ing rapidly among consumers in the last decade as well as the impact on people’s attitudes towards nutritional aspect of the quality of food products and healthier diet. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the methodology for increasing production competitiveness in food industry of the Republic of Srpska, based on consumer-oriented food product development and healthy diet. The struc- tured questionnaire and scientific methods were used in young consumer representatives’ research regarding food product development in the target market. Exactly 720 participants were recruited from public educational institutions in the Republic of Srpska. The descriptive statistics and correlation were used for the data analysis. The results indicated positive statistically significant correlation coefficients (p0.05) between consumer interest in new products and: healthy diet preferences; product ingredients; product higher nutritive value (vi- tamins, minerals, dietary fibres content); fruit, fruit juice and low-energy beverages consumption. Also, knowl- edge on diet-related diseases was in significant posi- tive correlation with them. The data analysis revealed that an increase in production competitiveness could be assessed through developing food products based on nutritive elements, modelling and consumer interest in new food products with higher nutritive quality.
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECO-INDUSTRY SECTOR
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Maria
Published: July 2021

Eco-industry has become an equal and recognized economic sector developing in all economic systems in the world. The main reason of its creation was the worsening state of the natural environment in the second half of the twentieth century and also the growing ecological awareness of the contemporary societies. However, the differences in its production level and the resulting regional specializations in its scope in the recent decades are determined by a number of economic, technological and institutional factors. The article discusses the functioning definitions and difficulties in their development and application, as well as the sources of the data on the size of the eco-industry sector in the world. In addition, calculations regarding the growth rate of the eco-industry sector in 1996, 2004, 2012 and 2017 and its internal global industrial structure in 2016 were presented. In the final part of the work there were given and analysed the reasons and consequences related to the explanation of the different production volumes of the eco-industry sector in various countries of the world.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMY IN NIGERIA: A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
Authors: Musibau Ojo Adejumo
Published: July 2021

This study has examined the potential impacts of climate change on Nigerian economic growth using a time series data (1980-2017). In doing so, an econometric model has been constructed based on theoretical and empirical literatures of the climate change economics, then it has employed a growth model adapted from the Solow growth model. The research work found that annual average rainfall has a significant effect on economic growth both short-run and long-run. Also, there is a high degree of positive and significant relationship between carbon emission, foreign direct investment, gross fixed capital formation and economic growth under investigation. The result also revealed that this relationship between climatic factors and economic growth is more noticeable in the long run. In addition, an inverse relationship was found between forest depletion, population growth and economic growth in the long run. Finally, there is unidirectional causality between annual average rainfall and economic growth in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that the stakeholders and the general public should build green economy that enables sinking carbon and promotes carbon market in the long-run.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors: Jevtić Jelena , Dajić Milan S.
Published: July 2021

Social networks are a way of creating a virtual identity and entering into relationships with strangers in a series of interactions that were not known to a man before the existence of the Internet. Mobile phones and the virtual world often create a personality of a person that is not the same in the real world. It can be said that technology has changed the course of humanity and human consciousness and contributed to many changes in the mentality of society, especially among the youth. Children are often overwhelmed by materialism and jealousy, which further encourages them to become an unconscious, immoral and unambitious population. One of the negative effects of social networks is the abuse of privacy, which is also becoming a growing problem everywhere in the world and should not be ignored. However, a positive attitude should be maintained when it comes to social networks, because they facilitate communication, access to information and learning, greater availability of services and free advertising of some products or services. High school students use the Internet intensively every day, and the work raises the question of whether they use it constructively or destructively. The research was conducted in 2019, the population of high school students was observed and 100 students were included on the territory of Belgrade, Niš and Vitina.
Adversarial learning in quantum artificial intelligence
Authors: Shen Pei-Xin , Jiang Wen-Jie , Li Wei-Kang , Lu Zhi-De , Deng Dong-Ling ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,   Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, China
Published: July 2021

Quantum artificial intelligence exploits the interplay between artificial intelligence and quantum physics: on the one hand, a plethora of tools and ideas from artificial intelligence can be adopted to tackle intricate quantum problems; on the other hand, quantum computing could also bring unprecedented opportunities to enhance, speed up, or innovate artificial intelligence. Yet, quantum learning systems, similar to classical ones, may also suffer adversarial attacks: adding a tiny carefully-crafted perturbation to the legitimate input data would cause the systems to make incorrect predictions at a notably high confidence level. In this paper, we introduce the basic concepts and ideas of classical and quantum adversarial learning, as well as some recent advances along this line. First, we introduce the basics of both classical and quantum adversarial learning. Through concrete examples, involving classifications of phases of two-dimensional Ising model and three-dimensional chiral topological insulators, we reveal the vulnerability of classical machine learning phases of matter. In addition, we demonstrate the vulnerability of quantum classifiers with the example of classifying hand-written digit images. We theoretically elucidate the celebrated no free lunch theorem from the classical and quantum perspectives, and discuss the universality properties of adversarial attacks in quantum classifiers. Finally, we discuss the possible defense strategies. The study of adversarial learning in quantum artificial intelligence uncovers notable potential risks for quantum intelligence systems, which would have far-reaching consequences for the future interactions between the two areas.
Origin of abnormal thermal conductivity in group III-V boron compound semiconductors
Authors: Shi Heng-Xian , Yang Kai-Ke , Luo Jun-Wei ,   School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China,   State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China,   Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
Published: July 2021

Over the past half-century, according to Moore’s law, the sizes of transistors continue shrinking, and the integrated circuits have approached to their physical limits, which puts forward higher requirements for the thermal dissipation capacity of material. Revealing the physical mechanisms of heat conduction in semiconductors is important for thermal managements of devices. Experimentally, it was found that boron arsenide has a very high thermal conductivity compared with diamond, and boron arsenide has lattice constant close to silicon’s lattice constant, which can be heterogeneously integrated into silicon to solve the thermal management problem. However, group III-V boron compounds show abnormal thermal conductivities: the thermal conductivity of boron arsenide is significantly higher than that of boron phosphide and boron antimonide. Here, we use the first-principles calculation and the Boltzmann transport equation to study the thermal conductivity properties of the group III-V boron compounds. Comparison between the IV and III-V semiconductors shows that the high thermal conductivity of boron arsenide is due mainly to the existence of a large frequency gap between the acoustic and the optical branches. The energy sum of two acoustic phonons is less than energy of one optical phonon, which cannot meet the energy conservation requirements of three-phonon scattering, and then seriously restrict the probability of scattering of three phonons. The high thermal conductivity of diamond is due mainly to its great acoustic phonon group velocity. Although the boron phosphide also has a relatively large acoustic phonon group velocity, the frequency gap is relatively small, which cannot effectively suppress the three-phonon scattering, so the thermal conductivity of boron phosphide is less than that of boron arsenide. Although the frequency gap of boron antimonide is similar to that of boron arsenide, the thermal conductivity of boron antimonide is lower than that of boron arsenide due to its smaller acoustic phonon group velocity and larger coupling matrix element. The research provides a new insight into the design of semiconductor materials with high thermal conductivities.
Comparison of Manual, Semi-automatedand Fully-automated Enzymatic Methods for HighDensity Lipoprotein Estimation- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hosmani Nagraj A , Bubanale Vanishree S
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Spherical particles with nonpolar neutral lipids at the center and more polar amphipathic lipids at their surface are called Lipoproteins. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) aids in cholesterol homeostasis by removing it from cells by several different mechanisms. The results of HDL Cholesterol (HDL-C) should be accurate and reliable, especially for the patients with borderline values, where the variation resulting from the methodology used may interfere with the interpretation of clinical scenario by the doctors. Aim: To compare the results of HDL values obtained by using three different technical methods. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted using 30 serum samples from the Biochemistry laboratory of KLE Society’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India for HDL values, each for the three different technical methods (fully-automated, semi-automated and manual method). The data obtained was analysed statistically by computing descriptive statistics the mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. Results: Results of serum samples analysed for HDL-C values ranged from 31-79 mg/dL (mean 43.1) in fully-automated analyser, 28.06-75.18 (mean 39.6) in semi-automated and 27.06-62.7 mg/dL (mean 39.7) using manual method. There was significant difference in the mean values of HDL-C values obtained using the three different methods and positive correlation was established on comparing semi-automated and manual method (Semi-automated v/s manual method, r=0.827) and found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: As HDL estimation is routinely done in many of the clinical laboratories, a sound knowledge of the HDL values obtained using different techniques can help the clinicians while ordering for the test and also for diagnosing and monitoring of the cases with various lipid abnormalities.
A Cadaveric Study of Radial Nerve Course and its Clinical Implications on Radial Nerve Block at Elbow
Authors: Ramasamy Srimathi , Thyagarajan Muthu Kumar , Raju Chandrasekar
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Upper limb nerve blocks are done commonly by brachial plexus (C5-T1) blocks via supraclavicular, infraclavicular approaches. Sometimes a single peripheral nerve needs additional block with local anaesthetic to achieve adequate block. Peripheral nerve blocks are useful for minor surgical procedures in a single nerve distribution. Aim: To study the course and clinical significance of the radial nerve in 50 cadaveric upper limbs. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 intact dissected upper limbs. The upper limbs were obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Medical College from August 2020 to December 2020. Radial nerve was exposed by routine dissection in all the upper limbs and its entire course was studied and observed for any variation. The distance from the biceps tendon to the radial nerve at the elbow, distance of the radial nerve in the Lateral Intermuscular Septum (LIS) from the epicondyles at the elbow were measured. The results obtained were statistically analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Results: In present study, the mean distance of the radial nerve in the LIS to the medial epicondyle was 12.4±0.31 cm and to the lateral epicondyle was 12.1±0.28 cm. The mean distance from the biceps tendon to the radial nerve at the elbow was 1.75±0.22 cm. Conclusion: From the present study, it can be inferred that effective peripheral radial nerve block can be achieved by blocking the nerve 1.75 cm lateral to the biceps tendon at the elbow 3 cm above the elbow crease. This can be made comfortable to the patient and more precise by ultrasound localisation of the radial nerve.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Occupational Health of Clinicians: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Gulati Harpreet Singh , Gupta Upendra Kumar , Wadhwa Ambica
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Clinicians in the present scenario are always exposed to constant and sustained levels of physical and mental stress. As they form the backbone of healthcare setup, the health of clinicians themselves is a very significant factor towards providing good health to all. Aim: To determine the effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on Work Related Musculoskeletal Discomfort (WMSD) and Occupational Stress (OS) in clinicians. Materials and Methods: The descriptive study with inferential design was conducted on 200 clinicians working in Out-Patient Department (OPD) clinics of various departments of our Medical College, various private hospitals and clinics of Jalandhar with approximate duration of study being one year. BMI was calculated as ratio of Weight (kg) to the square of height (m). WMSD and OS were determined through reliable and valid questionnaires and their values were associated with demographic variables via statistical tests of Chi-square, ANOVA and Student t-test to infer their inter-relational significance. Results: High BMI was reported more in above 40-year-old clinicians with higher incidence in surgical doctors than medical doctors. Majority (n=115) 57.5% of the clinicians were found to have mild musculoskeletal discomfort followed by no discomfort (23%) while 19.5% of them exhibited moderate to severe discomfort. Female clinicians showed more level of discomfort than male clinicians. BMI has high significance in relation to the questionnaire score. Clinicians with BMI >25 also showed high percentage (57.1%) of moderate and severe levels of OS. Conclusion: BMI is positively related to physical as well as mental well-being of clinicians, especially in the middle age group. This information serves as an awareness and warning signal for the clinicians to safeguard their own health.
Wound Healing Study of Panchavalkal Ointment in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Dhurve Vaikhari , Jawanjal Pravin , Naria Mukesh , Dudhamal Tukaram , Kalambe Minal , Muley Sonal
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Panchavalkal is a well-known Ayurvedic poly-herbal formulation that has been reported to be used against inflammation, to clean ulcer, wound.

Aims and Objectives: To investigate the wound healing activity of Panchavalkal ointment.

Materials and Methods: Wistar strain albino rats of either sex weighing 200±20 g were used for the experiments divided in four groups each consisted of six rats.

 Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean values of quantitative variables among the groups followed by Dunnett’s multiple ‘t’ test

Observations & Results: Sesame oil and Panchvalkal ointment showed almost similar wound healing effects in comparison to control group.

Discussion: Panchavalkal ointment showed statistically highly significant percentage of contraction of excision wound area compared to the normal control. Epithelization period was significantly decreased in oil and Panchavalkal ointment treated group.

Conclusion: Panchavalkal ointment decreased the pain, tenderness, redness and swelling that helps to control infection and enhanced the rate of wound healing in albino rats.
A Successful ART Treatment of Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy with HRT Along with Donor Oocytes: A Case Study at Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre
Authors: Bhandekar Bhagyashree , More Akash
Published: July 2021

Introduction: This case report refers to 54 years old infertile woman who visit ACHARYA VINOBABHAVE RURAL HOSPITAL for her ARTHRITIS PROBLEM with her husband (age 61-year-old). During her treatment, she got to know about IVF/ART procedures. As she belongs to a rural area and is not so educated, she was not aware of this and start investigating it and found it interesting. After knowing about all these procedures, a new ray of hope was awakened in her that, she can also give birth to her baby after so much waiting and facing so much criticism by society as a barren woman. In the 36th week of gestation, one healthy baby girl has been delivered by Cesarean section. In this way, the faith between patient and doctor was built-up and inevitably, we can appreciate this case of postmenopausal gestation (Geriatric Pregnancy) As A Therapeutic Victory For Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre and for the patient as well. This infertile couple was not that financially strong and even this all procedure is too much unaffordable to them still after all these, their urge to having a baby is so high that, they invest financially as well as emotionally and also mother put her health in peril while going through IVF/ART procedure. Being an infertile woman, she has to face a lot, and in such conditions, women go through psychological torture, and from this depressive phase, many health issues arise.

Main Symptoms and/or Important Clinical Findings: Menopausal woman, qualitative analysis of AMH show 0 ng/ml, means diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

The Main Diagnoses, Therapeutic Interventions, and Outcomes: The woman is pinpointed with primary infertility for 26 years. The couple suggested going for IVF/ICSI treatment with donor oocytes(frozen) and self-sperm sample, ICSI is performed and sequential embryo transfer is done and gets conceived in the first cycle of ART. As being a menopausal woman, the dose of oral intake of estrogen hormone tablets doubles as an HRT treatment.

Conclusion: Intake of the double dose of estrogen orally (hormone replacement therapy, HRT) than the normal women whose age is not much and who is not menopausal, increases the endometrium thickness and its receptivity which helps the woman to conceive in the first cycle through ART.
Formulation and Characterization of Novel Non-Ionic Surfactant Based Aceclofenac Gel as a Potential Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kumari Mamta , Sadhu Piyushkumar , Gohil Dipti , Patel Shivkant
Published: July 2021

Background: Aceclofenac is considered to the first line drug in the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoartheritis and ankylosing spondylitis. The successful treatment of arthritis depend on the maintenance of effective drug concentration level in the body, for which a constant and uniform supply of drug is desired. The short biological half-life (about 4 hrs) and dosing frequency more than once a day as well as (70-80%) of dose is excreted by renal transport make aceclofenac an ideal candidate for formulation of niosomal gel.

Methodology: The niosomal gel of aceclofenac in order to sustain the release of aceclofenac topically, decreases the side effect of GI disturbance by maintaining the concentration of the drug in the blood and decrease the renal excretion as well as frequency of dosing. Niosomal gel was prepared by coacervation phase separation method. Preformulation studies, structural analysis, in-vitro drug release study, mechanism of drug release kinetic and data analysis (zero order, first order and higuchi’s model), percentage entrapment efficiency and stability study were performed (n=3). Anti-Inflammatory study was performed for final optimized formulation.

Result and conclusion: It is revealed from preformulation studies that materials obtained for study did not show any incompatibility. Particle size was determined in the range of 9.46±1.055 to 12.91±3.587μm by using an optical microscope with calibrated eyepiece micrometer. Scanning Electron Microscopy of niosomes was performed to observe surface morphology and percentage entrapment efficiency of niosomes were reported in the range of 63.49±0.265% to 78.55±0.425%. From release kinetic modelling, it was analysed that the drug was released from niosomes by a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Lastly, stability study of all formulations was done in two different temperature and anti inflammatory activity of final optimised formulation was compared with marketed formulation (Voveran Emulgel). Results shows that the aceclofenac Niosomal gel showed fair anti-inflammatory activity but it was not as good as the commercial product.
An Insight into Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethnotherapeutically Important Trans Himalayan Medicinal Plants: A Review
Authors: Avasthi Anupama Sharma , Kaur Navkiran , Sharda Shivani , Ghosal Sabari
Published: July 2021

The high altitude of the Himalayan cold desert represents a valuable habitat of natural resources. The extreme climatic condition manifested by intense mutagenic UV-radiation, physiological drought, desiccation and strong winds, makes the survival of plants really difficult. As a consequence of this atmospheric stressor, the plants produce unique metabolites which play a preventive role in intrinsic mechanism of sustenance. Many plant species of this region have been investigated in search of novel antioxidants and antimicrobials. Plants synthesize several antioxidants that aid in antioxidant defense system, thereby protecting plants against damage caused by active ROS. These compounds include chlorophyll derivatives, alkaloids, essential oils, phytosterols, phenolics and polyphenolics. Some of the antioxidants that have been isolated from plants include curcumin, quercetin, ascorbic acid, resveratrol amongst many other compounds. Additionally, the emergence of resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents has become a major threat to public health. Hence, fresh efforts towards new drug identification and development are greatly needed. Plants have long been used in traditional Indian medicine for numerous therapeutic benefits and low toxicity. Considering the growing interest in quest for search of plant based antimicrobials and antioxidants; an effort has been carried to systematically record the antioxidants and antimicrobial potential of plants of Himalayan region.
Comparison of Complications of Extraction among Partially Impacted Mandibular Third Molars with or without a Buccal Flap
Authors: Khan M. Ahmed , Ayub Tahera , Gulsama Bibi , Qureshi Azizullah Muhammad Nawaz , Memon Aosaf Anwar , Hassan Syed Ghazanfar , Khan Taimoor Ali
Published: July 2021

Objective: To compare the complications of extraction of partially impacted mandibular third molars with or without a buccal flap.

Materials And Methods: A comparative cohort study was performed at Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad from September 2020 to March 2021. Sixty-two patients of either gender, having age 15-50 years and recommended for extraction of partially impacted mandibular third molars were selected by non-probability consecutive sampling technique and distributed into flapless group (31 patients) and buccal flap group (31 patients). Patients were treated with standard procedures of flapless and buccal flap, operating time was noted and follow up was done at 1st day, 2nd day post-operatively for pain, swelling, trismus, whereas periodontal pocket distal to second molar was measured at 1 month and 3 months follow up interval.

Results: In flapless and buccal flap group male patients were 17 (54.8%) and 18 (58.1%) and female patients were 14 (45.2%) and 13 (41.9%) respectively with mean age of 27.4 ± 9.6 and 26.7 ± 8.4 years. Statistically significant difference was obtained in flapless and buccal flap groups in terms of operative time, pain score, swelling score, pocket depth and trismus.

Conclusion: Flapless technique is more effective in conditions of operative time and post-operative complications. So, flapless technique can be used frequently for elimination of incompletely impacted mandibular third molars.