bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA IN PREGNANCY AND COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA
Authors: Smriti Spriha , Srivastava R.K , Sahu N.P
Published: February 2021

Introduction- Urinary tract infections refers to both microbial colonization of urine and tissue invasion of any structure of urinary tract. ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA (ASB) is a condition in which urine culture reveals significant growth of pathogens that is greater than 1,00,000 bacteria/ml of urine but not showing symptoms of urinary tract infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria may be of significance or to doubtful significance or of no significance depending on number of bacteria present in urine. ASB is more common in women. Material and Method- The present study was conducted on 200 pregnant women without any symptoms of urinary tract infection attending Obs & Gynae department of RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand. It was conducted between August 2013 to December 2014. Urine specimen should be cultured for isolation of the common agents of UTI. The urine should be mixed thoroughly before plating. The plates are inoculated using a calibrated loop designed to deliver a known volume either 0.01 or 0.001 ml. Choice of media to inoculate depends on patient served and microbiologist preference, usually MacConkey Agar and 5% Blood Agar were used. In recent years a selective media CLED (Cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient) agar is used. This media is selective for urinary pathogens cultured plates are incubated at 37⁰C for 24 hrs. Colony count is done>100000/ml of CFU was taken as significant bacteriuria. Kirby Baeur disc diffusion is used for sensitivity test. Result – Asymtomatic bacteriuria is seen in 7.5% cases. It is more common in age group 20- 30 yrs age group and in second trimester of pregnancy. Most common species isolated was E.coli followed by Klebsiella species.Discussion- The percentage of ASB in the present study (7.5%) correlates with the studies of Lavanya SV et al 2002 (8.4%) CA Turpin et al 2007 (7.3%) & R. Sujata et al 2012 (7.3%).In this study, culture positivity with significant bacteriuria was highest in age group 20-30 yrs (73.34%). In 2011 study done by Dr. Rajshekhar maximum incidence was seen in 20-30 yrs age (57.57%).
STUDY OF THE INCIDENCE AND EFFECT OF MECONIUM STAINED AMNIOTIC FLUID ON FETAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF NEONATES BORN
Authors: Kunwar Kajal , Singh Shanti HK
Published: February 2021

Aims and objectives: Meconium stained amniotic fluid was considered a sign of fetal distress and associated with poor fetal outcome, but others considered physiological phenomena to be meconium passage through the fetus and create environmental threats to the fetus before birth. Such magnitude of different opinions was the object behind taking up this study and the aim was to find out the incidence and effect of meconium in terms of morbidity and mortality.
Material and Methods: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the significance of MSAF and its fetal outcome in parturients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between June 2012 to June 2014. Detection of MSAF during delivery and follow-up of mother and baby during hospital stay was done. A total number of 100 cases were studied in each group as a prospective study.
Results: The total numbers of deliveries during the study period were 850 of which 100 cases had meconium staining of AF (11.6%). Thin meconium staining was seen in 37 cases (4.35%) and Thick meconium was seen in 63 cases (7.41%). The major neonatal complication was birth asphyxia in MSG (19%) which was more in thick MSG (14%). Neonatal morbidity was more in the newborn with the thick meconium group (36.5%) compared to the thin meconium-stained group (29.7%). Early neonatal mortality was 100% associated with thick MSG. Early neonatal death was 2 in thick MSG and it was due to MAS. Stillbirth was 100% associated with thick MSG and it was 4. Whereas stillbirth in the control group was 1. Perinatal mortality was 6% in MSG that was associated with thick MSG. In the control group, it was 1%. Consistency of meconium has a direct bearing on the fetal outcome. In the thick meconium-stained group, Neonatal morbidity was (in our study group) 23 out of 63 cases. Stillbirth was 4; early neonatal death was 2 out of 63 cases. Whereas in thin MSG neonatal morbidity was 11 out of 37 cases. No stillbirth or neonatal death occurred in thin MSG.
Conclusion: Immediate airway management, need for suction, and intubation should be guided by the state of the newborn rather than the presence of meconium. Timely diagnosis and management of amniotic fluid stained with meconium can enhance the fetal outcome. The authors of the current study conclude that MSAF adversely affects the fetal outcome mainly by thick meconium.
ROLE OF SELF-INSTRUCTION MODULE IN IMPROVEMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Authors: Chopade Pritam Prafulla , Kamble Sheetal M
Published: February 2021

Background: Incessant rains in the Kolhapur region has led to disastrous flood situations in the past. Disaster preparedness is therefore necessitated to counter the loss suffered by the residents and is closely linked to knowledge improvement. Self-instruction Module (SIM) has been extensively used as a learning tool in healthcare and has proven its effectiveness in knowledge improvement.
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of SIM on disaster preparedness among the residents of the flood prone areas of Karveer taluka, Kolhapur and to determine the association between the knowledge scores and the socio-demographic variables.
Methods: Consenting participants from Karveer taluka were recruited to evaluate the efficiency of SIM through a structured knowledge tool using pre-test-post-test design. Both—SIM and knowledge tool, were sent for expert evaluation. Data were collected during specific periods between January and February 2019. Improvement in knowledge score was determined through qualitative and evaluative approach.
Results: Significant improvement in knowledge scores was observed between pre-and post-test scores (P<0.001) of 100 consenting participants. Association was lacking between the knowledge scores and the socio-demographic variables.
Conclusion: SIM developed in the study was effective in improving knowledge score, across all age groups, and could be used to improve the disaster preparedness of the residents of flood-prone areas.
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON INFORMATION SHARED ABOUT COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: B Shrivatshan M.S. , J Dr.Remya.K. , D Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan.
Published: February 2021

Introduction
The emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak affected the attention of social media and press. But there are too many sources and sites through which any one can obtain information, and many of them are not credible which resulted in misinformation and difficulties to distinguish between rumours and reality
Subjects and Methods:
Cross sectional study was conducted online and 519 students of both sexes belonging to the age group of 18 – 55 years studying medicine and allied health courses in various universities of India participated.
Data collection procedure: An online questionnaire of 11 questions as Google forms was created in English and circulated for 3 months in different university students via email to collect the data related to their social media usage during the pandemic COVID-19.
Results
382 (73.6%) participants in this study were less than 20 years old. Females participated, N = 320 (61.7%) more than the males, N=199 (38.3%) in this study. Since this study was circulated predominantly in medical students group, 417 out of 519 (80.3%) were medical professionals. About 46 people who are residing outside India also participated in this study. TV/Radio/ Newspaper were the most searched source of information about COVID-19 among the youth of this part of the India accounting for 50.5% (N=262). A significant association was found between Medical professionals and verification of the authenticity of COVID-19 information (P = 0.04) and Gender of the participants with the influence of the information about COVID-19 from different sources (P = 0.005). The association was found significant between age group and “social media influencers and/or celebrities impact on your information sources” (P = 0.004).
Conclusion: Students in India are clear in their perception on receiving information about COVID-19 through social media.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS TOWARDS BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MEDICALAND SURGICAL SETTINGS AT A GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, GOA
Authors: Kanekar Shweta P. , Cacodcar Jagadish A. , Kulkarni Manoj Kumar S. , S Arulprakash
Published: February 2021

Background: Correct knowledge and attitude are critical towards bringing about a favourable change in practice. Medical professionals in India have always turned a blind eye to scientific management of BMW. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices of health care workers regarding specific aspects of Bio Medical Waste Rules, 2016 and its amendments. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional survey data was collected among 250 randomly selected doctors and nurses from an apex Government medical college hospital in Goa during the period September 2019 to December 2019 using a self-administered questionnaire. The results are expressed as percentages, and the significance of difference in percentages is expressed using chi-square test at 95% confidence level. Results: Overall, the knowledge regarding BMW Rules was poor, especially with regards to the segregation practices and the colour coded bins, with their practices being non-concurrent with the prevailing rules. An assessment of attitudes, however, revealed their positive inclination towards proper BMWM. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for periodic reorientation of these health care workers in elements of Bio Medical Waste Management, especially the segregation.
A COMPARISON OF CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARDS PSYCHIATRY AMONG FIRST YEAR AND FINAL YEAR MBBS STUDENTS IN A MEDICAL COLLEGE OF EASTERN PART OF INDIA
Authors: Pabla Harjot Kaur , Mohanty Rakesh , Sahoo Surjeet
Published: February 2021

Background: Psychiatry in recent years has seen a lot of progress especially in the areas of neurobiology, neuroimaging and social sciences. To ensure proper care of psychiatric patients, young, passionate and open-minded doctors are definitely the need of the hour. Psychiatry has been included as a subject in final year MBBS students’ curriculum.
Aims: To compare the attitude of the first and final year undergraduate MBBS students towards psychiatry.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted with the undergraduate students of first year and final year MBBS. “The pro forma enlisting the details of the demographic data and Attitude Towards Psychiatry scale (ATP-30) was given out to each participant after taking informed consent. “The qualitative data were depicted in terms of percentages and the quantitative data were expressed in terms of Mean + SD. The statistics were done using IBM SPSS 20V.
Results: The mean ATP-30 score that was found to be higher for final year MBBS students (114.48+10.084) than first year students (83.93+11.083) although it was statistically insignificant (p=.117). Two item questionnaire, “Psychiatric patients are often more interesting to work with than other patients” and “It is quite easy for me to accept the efficacy of psychotherapy” had a higher mean score for final year students than the first year students that was significant statistically.
Conclusion: Our study suggests the requirement to revise the current curriculum of psychiatry training imparted to the undergraduate students. Strategies like attitudinal interventions and de-stigmatization must be more focused.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION PATTERN AND FINANCIAL WELL BEING ON MONEY ATTITUDE OF MARRIED COUPLES - A RESEARCH ANALYSIS
Authors: Indhumathi V. , Rajeswari K.
Published: February 2021

The research paper studies the influence of Communication Pattern (Independent variable 1) and Financial Well Being (Independent Variable 2) on the Money Attitude (Dependent Variable) of married couples at Coimbatore city. Incorporating descriptive research as the research design, the study used survey method sourcing primary data from 500 respondents (250 couples). Married couples in Coimbatore City were the population of the study and the period of the study was from June 2018- Oct 2020. Regarding instrumentation, for Communication Pattern Questionnaire of Christensen and Heavey (1990) with 11 items and Money Attitude Questionnaire by Kent T. Yamauchi and Donald I. Templer (1982) with 29 were used. Due to the non availability of a comprehensive Indianised scale, the researcher constructed a scale for Financial Well Being.Regression Analysis was conducted to test the null hypothesis and the results revealed that there is a significant influence of Communication Pattern and Financial Well Being on Money Attitude.
PHYSIOLOGICAL-BIOCHEMICAL AND VETERINARY AND SANITARY EVALUATION OF MILK AND BEEF UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF TECHNOGENIC LOADING AND FEEDING OF FEED ADDITIVES
Authors: Velychko V. O.
Published: February 2021

In recent decades, due to various circumstances, in Ukraine and around the world, insufficient attention is paid to preserving the ecological well-being of the environment. Man-caused load on the environment, including contamination of agricultural land with various xenobiotics, in particular heavy metals, in some regions exceeds acceptable levels. Their toxicity is realized slowly and is manifested by immunodeficiency of animals, and can also cause mutagenic, teratogenic and embryotoxic effects. This is observed not only as a result of the Chernobyl tragedy, but also the growing, unregulated use of mineral fertilizers, plant protection products, virtually no disposal of waste of various origins, as well as emissions from industrial, chemical and mining enterprises, vehicles, which poses a growing threat to health. animals and humans. Numerous researchers (in particular Kravtsiv, 2005, Fedoruk & Humenyuk, 1999, Pylypiv & Fedoruk, 2000, Rivis et al., 1995, Velychko, 2007) point out that a significant part of this belongs to the anthropogenic entry of heavy metals into the biosphere.

Given the wide range of biological and toxic effects of xenobiotics in general, and heavy metals in particular, it should be noted that they cause not only problems in animal welfare, but also negatively affect the quality of products made from animals kept and raised in man-made contaminated areas. And hence the health of people, maintaining their ability to work, which is a national priority.

It should be borne in mind that the ability to accumulate chemical, toxic elements by organisms is determined not only by the geochemistry of the environment, but also by the biological nature and biochemical chain through which organisms and the environment (soil-plant-animal- human). Therefore, it is especially important for animal husbandry to improve the feeding rations of animals kept under man-made load with the use of safe sorbents and biologically active additives, which will contribute to obtaining quality raw materials and quality food, including dairy and meat. This confirms that a particularly important task of science, including biological and veterinary in the field of environmental physiology is a comprehensive study of the harmful effects of anthropogenic and man-made factors on environmental objects, especially farm animals, which provide raw materials to the processing industry and human food. Particular attention needs to be paid to the development of effective measures to reduce the negative man-made pressure on bio-cenosis, including on productive animals kept in conditions of ecological, technogenic risk, optimization of physiological and technological parameters of their existence with application in feeding, effective, payback, correcting feed additives and biologically active substances that, undoubtedly, will promote improvement of quality and safety of production, which is used in human nutrition.
INFLUENCE OF BAFASAL FEED ADDITIVE ON MORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF CHICKENS-BROILER’S BLOOD
Authors: Shkodyak N. , Zhyla M. , Pyatnychko O. , Avdosyeva I. , Dmitrotsa V.
Published: February 2021

Recently, interest in the use of bacteriophage therapy in poultry has arisen in the context of the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, as the need to find alternative antibacterial agents is urgent. In addition, EU legislation prohibits the use of antibiotics in feed to stimulate the growth of animals and poultry. Bafasal – a new and innovative agent based on natural components of the ecosystem, has a high specificity to Salmonella serovars, in particular, S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, S. mbandaka, S. gallinarum, S. іnfantis, which are most often diagnosed in poultry farming. This is the first bacteriophage product on the poultry market, which is recommended as a feed additive for broiler chickens.

The article presents the results of studies on the safety of Bafasal under the application as a feed additive for the prevention of bacterial diseases in poultry breeding. Bafasal was used for chickens of the experimental group according to the following scheme: from 1 to 14 days of the experiment – per 10 chickens – 50 cm3 of feed additive dissolved to 0,5% concentration; and from 15 to 35 days – 100 cm3 of the drug dissolved to 0,25 % concentration. Feeding of poultry of the control and experimental groups was carried out with identical feeds in accordance with regulatory requirements, taking into account the age of the bird. The clinical condition of the bird’s body was monitored daily, on the 35th day of the experiment; ten chickens from each group were taken blood samples for further laboratory tests. The morphological and biochemical parameters of the broiler chicken’s blood under the application of Bafasal feed additive were studied.

It was found that the hematological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens in the experimental group were within the physiological norm for poultry of this age on fattening, and therefore corresponded to the status of a conditionally healthy organism without signs of pathophysiological abnormalities. There was a reliable increase, within the physiological norm, in the relative number of lymphocytes by 11, 9 % (p <0,05) and a tendency to increasing the number of leukocytes, which showed a sufficient immune potential of the birds and an increase in cellular factors of natural resistance, compared with control chickens. According to the parameters of mineral metabolism, the serum content of Calcium and Phosphorus within the physiological norm was noted, which indicated a sufficient level of mineral supply of the organism of the experimental birds as a whole. In addition, in chicken fed Bafasal throughout the fattening period, the serum enzyme’s ALT, AST and creatine kinase activities and the content of total cholesterol not differ significantly from the control group, indicating the absence of signs of hepatotoxic effects of the studied feed additive.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN UVEITIS IN DOGS, DEPENDING ON THE METHOD OF THEIR ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Shupyk O. V. , Bokotko R. R. , Savchuk T. L. , Danilov V. B. , Kladnytska L. V. , Kharkevych Yа. О. , Pasnichenko O. S. , Blahyi R. S. , Hraborenko N. I. , Krystyniak Y. M.
Published: February 2021

The article highlights the results of studies on spontaneous clinical cases of bacterial uveitis in dogs, using a slit lamp, sonographic and visual research methods, and after the introduction of mesenchymal stem cells in various ways. These research results make it possible to analyze and further study the effect of mesenchymal stem cells, when administered in various ways in total uveitis, and determine the most effective method in clinical cases in dogs.

Chronic total uveitis is an extremely severe late complication of ophthalmic surgery, and leads to slow functional and anatomical death of the eye. The use of antibacterial drugs for the Prevention of infectious complications often smooths out the clinical picture of progressive intraocular inflammation, contributing to an increase in its latent period. All this with particular relevance indicates the need for research as early as possible, and the specifics of the use of stem cells in eye diseases in dogs.

Our research on the restoration of eye tissues depends on many factors, on the balance between inflammatory mediators and their antagonists, which activate the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators. Also, it depends on the number of mesenchymal stem cells that act as a regulator of proliferation in damaged eye tissues and cause cyto-differentiation during cell regeneration and enhance their own antioxidant properties.

It was found that microbial contamination significantly deepens the consequences of damage to tissues and structures of the eye, which lead to acidosis of tissues, changes microcirculation and exit and destruction of cell membranes and prolongation of the inflammatory phase, namely, it determines the course and results of the reparative process. At the same time, we can talk not only about the recovery function of damaged tissue structures with the help of mesenchymal stem cells, but also the effect on the intensity of the inflammatory process, which significantly reduces the time of repair of eye tissues at the level of cells and tissues.

The data obtained can be used for new modern methods of treating many pathologies associated with eye tissue damage and the use of mesenchymal stem cells in reparative ophthalmology.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba Perusahaan Sub Sektor Konstruksi di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Rusdianto Iman , Waluyo Bambang , Fatimah Fatimah
Published: February 2021

This research aims to examine the effects of current ratio (CR), debt to assets ratio (DAR), total assets turnover (TAT), and net profit margin (NPM) at the company's profit growth construction on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Data were collected from the financial statements of 6 construction sub-sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a purposive sampling technique. The regression panel analysis found that DAR and NPM have a positive significance to the profit growth of construction companies, while CR and TAT insignificant. The ability of the model to explain the dependent variables is 38.64% indicating that many other factors are also thought to affect profit growth. This study recommends that DAR and NPM can be used as a useful reference for predicting the company's future profit growth.
Clinical Audit on Examination Tools Used by Physical Therapists in Metro Manila in Examining Conditions with Neck Pain
Authors: Chiong Maya Arlene , Cruz Christopher , Nuntasomsaran Hymn , Vega Pauline Alyssa , Tan John Ed Kevin , Rivera Jerome  Jr. , Guevarra Vanessa Regina
Published: February 2021

Background: Neck pain is considered the fourth leading cause of disability, with an annual prevalence rate of 15 to 30%. Using evidence-based practice in neck pain examination is a vital part of the rehabilitation process as it serves as a basis for determining the best treatment. The objective of the study is to determine the usage of recommended examination tool for neck pain among the physical therapists in selected hospitals and clinics in Metro Manila. Methods: The study has three distinct phases wherein phase 1 was the development and validation of a data extraction sheet, phase 2 was the assessment of interrater reliability among the investigators who will perform the chart review, and phase 3 was the chart review process. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: In phase 1, the contents of the data extraction sheet were found to be valid. In phase 2, the inter-rater reliability was 96.7% percent. In phase 3, the visual analogue scale was the most commonly used examination tool, yielding a 54% usage. This was followed by cervical range of motion & cervical manual muscle testing (22%), palpation (15%), sensory testing (7%), postural assessment (6%), special test (4%), ocular inspection (2%), functional assessment (1%), Functional Index Measure (1%) and functional muscle testing (1%). Neck Disability Index, which was one of the literature-recommended examination tools, was not used. Conclusion: Visual analogue scale was the most commonly used examination tool in conditions with neck pain in selected hospitals and clinics in Metro Manila. Further investigation can be done in order to know the reasons for the use or nonuse of examination tools.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Filipino Occupational Therapy Practice Across Regions
Authors: Delos Reyes Rod Charlie , Tolentino Karla Czarina , Sy Wendy
Published: February 2021

The Philippine Government has implemented community quarantine throughout the country to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic that has since profoundly affected the lives, health, and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. This has also created an impact on the practice of occupational therapy in the country as the pandemic presents occupational disruptions in the new normal. This paper summarizes the current conditions of the practice of occupational therapy in times of the unprecedented disaster highlighted by the COVID-19 crisis and the situation of practitioners and recipients of service across the regions of the country. Findings conclude that there are: (1) emerging delivery service patterns, (2) consequences of COVID-19 to therapists, and (3) insights moving forward.
Experience with Ventriculoatrial Shunt
Authors: Alnamlah Muna Saleh , Umerani Muhammad Sohail , Darwish Amjad Abdel Qader , Umerani Muhammad Shamoon , Abbas Asad
Published: February 2021

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion through shunting, either internal or external, is the standard of care for hydrocephalic patients. Although Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is always the first choice, right atrium for Ventriculoatrial (VA) shunt is considered a suitable and convenient option for drainage of excess CSF in patients with history of abdominal surgeries, peritoneal infection or shunt obstruction.1 Here we are reporting our experience with a patient who underwent VA shunt insertion because of a previous malfunctioning VP shunt. A thorough review of the literature revealed that, although reported worldwide, there is an apparent deficiency of similar reports from Arabian Gulf region. Through this case report, we aim to shed light on this internal CSF diversion method, which could be considered in centers lacking advanced care facilities for procedures like Endoscopic 3rd Ventriculostomy (ETV).
The relationship between the grading of lumbar spinal stenosis and pain improvement after caudal epidural steroid injection.
Authors: Noor Chughtai Waqas , Razzaque Muhammad Adeel , Ahmad Tanveer , Nighat Sumera , Ahmad Bashir , Azhar Javed Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Objective:  This study aimed to determine the relation of severity of lumbar spinal stenosis and pain improvement after caudal epidural injection.

Material and Methods:  70 patients of neurogenic claudication were included from July 2019 to June 2020. MRI lumbosacral spine was done of all patients to categorize the degree of spinal stenosis on T2-W axial. All patients were given caudal epidural steroid injection as a day case procedure. Follow-up was done at 3 & 8 weeks and pain improvement was assessed by using Ronald satisfaction score.

Results:  Mean age was 37.9 ± 7.8 years. 48.6% patients were male and 51.6% were female. The improvement was observed in 28 patients (40%) at 3 weeks and in 46 patients (65.7%) at 8 weeks. There  was no  statistically significant  relationship between  lumbar

spinal stenosis and pain improvements at 3 weeks (p value 0.30) and 8 weeks (p value 0.32).

Conclusion:  The grade of lumbar spinal stenosis has no significant effect on pain improvement after caudal epidural steroid injection.

Keywords:  LSS (Lumbar spinal stenosis), caudal epidural steroid injection (ESI), neurogenic claudication, MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging), T2W (T2 weighted) images.
Incidence of Depression and Anxiety among Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dastgeer Saima , Ali Saad Abubakr , Fatima Shabbih , Javaid Imran , Rehman Khalil-ur- , Amin Rizwana
Published: February 2021

Objective:  This study aimed to assess the incidence of anxiety and depression among AMI patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.

Material & Method:  This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 27 to June 2, 2020, at the Cardiology ward of Dera Ghazi Khan Teaching Hospital.  Total 611 patients selected through convenience sampling. The patients were requested to respond to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and demographic information. An independent samples t test was applied for comparisons.

Results:  Patients’ age was ranging from 41 to 79 years, with a mean age of 52.35 ± 5.12. There was a high frequency of anxiety (51.72%) and depression (34.86%) among AMI patients. A significant difference was observed in the level of anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.000) among male and female patients.

Conclusion:  The present study findings affirmed that increased level of anxiety and depression are prevalent in AMI patients. Additionally, both anxiety and depressive symptoms were more common in female patients.

Keywords:  COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).
Pattern of Skull Fractures and Its Outcome in Pediatric Head Injury Patients
Authors: Muhammad Ghulam , Javeed Farrukh , Rehman Lal , Abbas Asad , Afzal Ali
Published: February 2021

Objective: Skull fractures are common in pediatric age group. The surgical management of paediatric patients with a skull fracture differs among institutions and surgeons. Our object of this study was to assess the pattern of skull fractures and outcome in paediatric population.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of neurosurgery of a tertiary care hospital from June 2018 to April 2020. We included 152 children between ages 5 to 11 years who were brought with the head trauma and diagnosed to have skull fracture on computerized tomography (CT) Scan brain.

Results: The mean age of patients was 6.91 + 1.84 years. There were 59.8% males and 40.1% females. The most common type of fracture at presentation was depressed fracture in 42% patients, followed by linear (35%) and compound fractures (23%). Parietal fractures were the commonest (63.1%) in our study. Associated intracranial hematomas were seen in 37.5% patients, epidural hematoma being the most common. Surgically treated patients were 36%. Good recovery was seen in 73% patients while mortality was 10.5%.

Conclusion: Isolated skull fractures are overall benign conditions. Linear parietal skull fractures have good outcome amongst all fracture types.
Incidence and Predisposing factors of Brain Abscess in Children at a Tertiary Care Center Dera Ghazi Khan
Authors: Shahid Bokhari Syed , Asif Qureshi Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Objective:  A cross sectional study was aimed to investigate the incidence and predisposing factors of brain abscess in children.

Material and Methods:  The study was conducted in the departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Surgery, Ghazi Khan Medical College and Hospital DG khan. Thirty two children with brain abscess were enrolled in the study. A diagnosis of brain abscess was made on clinical and radiological basis. T-test and chi square were applied to see the association between variables.

Results:  Most common location of Abscess was found as frontal in 21.9% patients, temporo parietal in 53.1% patients and occipital in 25.0% patients. Streptococci was the most common microorganism on culture reported, noted in 46.9% patients. Major predisposing factors (p = 0.000) and location of abscess (p = 0.003) were the effect modifiers for microorganism on culture reports.

Conclusion:  Streptococci was the most common abscess causing microorganism causing about 47% of total abscess causing pathogens. Main predisposing factors were: otitis media, cyanotic heart disease and post head injury otorrhea.

Keywords:  Brain abscess; Children; Otogenic brain abscess; Otitis media, Seizures; Streptococci.
Outcome of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease in Terms of Improvement in MDS-UPDRS Scale Over 5 Years
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Afzal Ali Omair , Hassan Adeeb-ul- , Ali Imran
Published: February 2021

Background & Objective:  Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common Neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. There are several surgical procedures for advanced PD, but amongst all deep brain stimulation has proven to be safest and effective. The objective of this study was to see the outcome of DBS for the treatment of PD in terms of improvement in MDS UPDRS over 5 years.

Material and Methods:  44 patients were included in study from Oct 2014 to Sep 2019. History, examination was carried out, and preoperative MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) was recorded. Postoperative improvement in MDS-UPDRS score was assessed at first Programming, 2nd week, and 6th week and at 3rd month.

Results:  At baseline the mean, the MDS – UPDRS (Part-I) score was 14.20 ± 0.61 and at the end of 3rd month, the mean score was 11.18 ± 0.47 respectively. At baseline the mean, the MDS – UPDRS (part-II) score was 18.99 ± 0.70 and at the end of 3rd month, the mean score was 13.01 ± 0.57, respectively. At baseline the mean, the MDS – UPDRS (part-III) score was 45.19 ± 0.90 and at the end of 3rd month, the mean score was 25.15 ± 1.20 respectively. At baseline the mean, the MDS – UPDRS (part-IV) score was 10.18 ± 0.87 and at the end of 3rd month, the mean score was 3.85 ± 1.03, respectively. 

Conclusion:  The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is safe and effective in the management of PD.
The Surgical Results in Pure Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Surgeries in 403 Pituitary Adenomas: An 8-Years of Experience from a Single Neurosurgical Unit
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Raza Muhammad Hassan , Ali Imran , Afzal Omair
Published: February 2021

Objective:  To review and report the results in pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery done at our unit for pituitary adenomas (PAs) in last 8 years.

Material and Methods:  We reviewed 403 consecutive patients who underwent pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for newly diagnosed pituitary adenomas between August 2012 and July 2020 at our neurosurgical unit. Endocrinological, demographic features and outcomes, their complications, and duration of stay in hospital were assessed in these patients who were operated in our neurosurgical Unit. The Mean Follow-up on average was 3.5 months.

Results:  403 consecutive cases were reviewed. Majority of cases were in the 4th decade of life at presentation. 227 (56%) were non-functioning pituitary tumors and 176 (44%) were hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. Thirty-one (7.7%) complications were observed in 28 post-operative patients. The most frequently observed complication was diabetes insipidus (temporary in 19 (5%) and permanent in 3 (0.7%) cases), cerebrospinal fluids leaks (5 cases) (5.7%), Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (1 case) (0.2%), internal carotid injury (1 case) (0.2%), Empty Sella syndrome (1) (0.2%) and post-operative cardiac complication (1 case) (0.2%). The Follow-up on average was 3.5 months.

Conclusions:  The pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas provides acceptable and reasonable results representing a safe alternative procedure to the traditional Trans-sphenoidal microscopic approach.
Clinical Presentation and Surgical Outcomes of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Ahmed Mukhtiar , Sajjad Fauzia , Khan Ajmal , Abass Talha , Akbar Hamid , Anwar Khawar
Published: February 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to access clinical presentation of chronic subdural hematoma and to evaluate the surgical outcome of evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma after single burrhole craniotomy with a close drainage system under local anesthesia.

Material & Methods:  A descriptive study conducted in the Neurosurgery Department of Khairpur Medical College Sindh. 30 patients of chronic subdural hematoma were included. Patients prepared for evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma through single burr hole followed by closed drainage system for two days.

Results:  The most common feature was gait disturbance followed by Hemiparesis and headache. Coexisting diseases were hypertension, Diabetes mellitus and Chronic Liver Disease, etc. and causes of CSDH were head injury (trivial trauma) and anticoagulant. Surgical decisions were taken on the bases of clinical presentation and radiological findings of patients. Surgical procedure single burrhole craniotomy followed by irrigation with normal saline and close drainage system for two days. On post-operative follow-up, a recurrence of CSDH occurred in two patients.

Conclusion:  Single burrhole craniotomy with close drainage system is a simple and safe procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma.

Keywords:  CSDH (chronic subdural hematoma), GCS (Glasgow coma score), Burrhole craniotomy, Neurosurgery & Subdural drain.
ANALISIS DAMPAK RESTRUKTURISASI KREDIT TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN (LEASING) PADA MASA PANDEMI CORONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019
Authors: Farhan Asyhadi
Published: February 2021

Restrukturisasi merupakan upaya penyelamatan kredit bermasalah yang meliputi upaya Reschedulling, Restructuring dan Reconditioning, misalnya dengan cara memperpanjang jangka waktu kredit, memberikan grace period waktu pembayaran, penurunan suku bunga kredit, dan lain sebagainya. Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 dikenal sistem penyelamatan kredit macet sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 7 ayat c yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas kredit agar tidak terjadi kredit macet. Sejak menyebarnya wabah pandemi covid-19 ke Indonesia sejak pertengahan Februari 2020, masyarakat Indonesia mengalami kepanikan. Hal ini disampaikan Presiden secara terbuka agar segera dilaksanakan melalui Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) pada tanggal 3 Maret 2020. Adanya upaya Restrukturisasi harus diikuti  dengan adanya penilaian kembali yang lebih mendalam terhadap usaha debitur,yang meliputi apakah usaha debitur tersebut masih memiliki potensi atau tidak untuk dapat dilakukan Restrukturisasi, agar tidak terjadi pengulangan Restrukturisasi untuk satu perjanjian hutang dari debitur yang sama. Restrukturisasi juga tidak boleh disalahgunakan oleh Bank selaku kreditur, yang semata-mata dilakukan hanya untuk menahan kredit agar kualitas kredit tidak menjadi macet.

Kata kunci: Restrukturisasi, Leasing, Covid 19

 

Restructuring is an effort to rescue non-performing loans which includes rescheduling, restructuring and reconditioning efforts, for example by extending the credit period, providing grace period for payment, lowering loan interest rates, and so on. Law Number 10 of 1998 is known as a bad credit rescue system as regulated in Article 7 paragraph c which aims to improve credit quality so that bad credit does not occur. Since the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak to Indonesia since mid-February 2020, the Indonesian people have experienced panic. This was conveyed by the President openly so that it could be implemented immediately through the Financial Services Authority (OJK) on March 3, 2020. Restructuring efforts must be followed by a more in-depth reassessment    of the debtor's business, which includes whether the debtor's business still has the potential or not to Restructuring can be done, so that there is no repeat restructuring for one loan agreement from the same debtor. Restructuring should not be abused by the Bank as a creditor, which is only done to hold credit so that credit quality does not become bad.

Keyword: Restructuring, Leasing, Covid 19
Functional model of the developed reading skill
Authors:   Dubna State University, Timusheva D. M.
Published: February 2021

In the modern world reading is one of the main ways of getting information irrespective of the age and education of a person. This article briefly considers the classical concept of the formation of reading skills in ontogenesis, proposed by T.G. Egorov. Some foreign ideas about the structure of reading skills are analyzed and the methods used there to diagnose the structural components of this skill. The functional model of the developed reading skill being drafted using the example of reading a foreign text is also described in this article.
Play as a sociocultural practice of socialization of children
Authors:   Dubna State University, Kozlova T.A.
Published: February 2021

Sociocultural practices are considered in the article as phenomena of constructing the life world of children. The author describes his research of socio-cultural practices and factors of successful socialization of children in play activities organized by the studio of children's holidays "Veselaya Melnitsa" (Dubna). The results of the study can be used in the system of social work, in social and pedagogical centers to improve their activities.
An assessment of Energy Consumption for Canola Production System in Iran (A Case Study: Amirkabir Agro-Industry)
Authors: Monjezi Nasim , Hosseinzadeh Esmaeil
Published: February 2021

Canola production increased significantly in Iran due to its high yield in recent years. Khuzestan province is the main centre of canola production in Iran. This paper presents a data mining study of samples of canola obtained from farms in Amirkabir Agro-Industry of Khuzestan province. Data were collected from 48 farms. The farms were chosen by random sampling method. The purpose of this study is to determine energy consumption of input and output used in canola production. And Output energy of canola farms is predicted using data mining and multi-layer perceptron neural network. This is an analytic research and its database consists of 432 records. Data required for this research was obtained during growing seasons in 2017-2018. Data analysis was done by IBM SPSS modeler 14.2. The results showed that the amount of energy consumed in canola production was 28927.43 MJ ha-1. About 40% of this was generated by fertilizers and 37% from electricity and diesel fuel. Concerning the model used in the research, it was found that variables of chemical fertilizer, fuel, electricity energy and irrigation, respectively had the highest effect on output variable (productive energy). Amount of prediction precision in neural network algorithm meaning ratio of correctly predicted records to total records was 86.5%. Also, linear correlation between actual values and predicted values was 0.84 and 0.88 respectively for training data and testing data suggesting strong correlation. Results obtained in this research can be effective for canola farmers in Amirkabir Agro-Industry in direction of evaluation and optimization of energy consumption in process of canola production and reduction of consumption of energy inputs.
COMUNICAR COM SENTIDO (S) NO SÉCULO XIX EM PORTUGAL: o emblemático ano de 1852
Authors: Rodrigues Elvira , Rodrigues João B
Published: February 2021

Nesta comunicação apresentamos os resultados de um estudo exploratório em torno da imprensa portuguesa no emblemático ano de 1852, o qual corresponde a profundas mutações na sociedade portuguesa, advindas da queda definitiva do Cabralismo em 1851 e do advento da Regeneração. Inovar é a palavra de ordem, acabar com a estagnação e desordem, provocadas pela instabilidade política em que até então se vivia. O universo de publicações periódicas com início em 1852, num total de 34 novos títulos, é significativo e mereceu a nossa particular atenção num contexto de investigação mais vasto, ligado à imprensa no século XIX, em que cada um dos autores se posiciona. Este artigo assenta no levantamento e análise das publicações mencionadas com recurso ao espólio existente na Biblioteca Municipal do Porto e na Biblioteca Nacional, em Lisboa, suportado pela hermenêutica, na análise e na síntese de textos insertos nos 34 periódicos consultados, tendo forçosamente em atenção, não apenas as nossas fontes primárias, mas também uma numerosa variedade de fontes secundárias, nomeadamente, a historiografia e a literatura, para o período em estudo.
Papel dos biomarcadores em pacientes com COVID-19
Authors: Chinduma Ardaia Tomás Muango , Epalanga Benilza Ester Guiado , Chitumba Hermenegildo Osvaldo , Pakisi Job Chivangulula , Nungulo Victor Nhime , Argudín Lexandra López
Published: February 2021

Em Dezembro de 2019 o mundo registou um surto de uma infecção respiratória na China, província de Wuhan e a OMS deu o nome de novo coronavírus. Objectivos: A presente pesquisa objectivou descrever o papel dos biomarcadores na evolução de pacientes com Covid-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, foram usados os seguintes descritores Coronavírus, Covid-19, Biomarcadores, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, Predictores. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada em duas etapas, na primeira foram avaliados os títulos e resumos das referências identificadas por meio da estratégia de busca e os potencialmente elegíveis foram pré-selecionados. Na segunda foi realizada a avaliação dos textos pré-selecionados na íntegra para confirmação da elegibilidade. Os artigos consultados evidenciaram que as elevações dos níveis de biomarcadores predizem mau prognóstico em pacientes com COVID-19. Há evidências claras de como os niveis de biomarcadores podem mudar o curso da doença de acordo com a gravidade da infeção por COVID-19, podendo ser usado como um complemento na prática clínica e orientar a triagem o tratamento e admissão de pacientes na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos para um seguimento diferenciado melhorando assim o prognóstico e minimizar as taxas de internamento e de mortalidade.
The peristyle of House H1 in the ancient town at Marina el-Alamein
Authors:   Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Czerner Rafał
Published: February 2021

A thorough study of the architectural elements found in the ruins of House H1 in the northern part of the ancient town at the site of Marina el-Alamein led to a reconstruction of a two-storeyed portico around the inner courtyard. The upper storey of the peristyle would have accommodated the galleries from which one could enter the rooms on the first floor. The author, an architectural historian, presents the architecture and proportions of two-storeyed peristyle porticoes as they would have been implemented at this seaside town in the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, just 100 km west of Alexandria, and uses this example to review the known parallels from other regions, including the “Palazzo delle Colonne” in Ptolemais and the Meroitic Palace of Natakamani in Gebel Barkal, Sudan. He concludes that both the general layout of the house at Marina el-Alamein and the two-storeyed peristyle architectural design were hardly unique in the Hellenistic and Roman world of North Africa, but what made the Marina house different was the stateliness of its appearance.
Bagatelles épigraphiques
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Institute of Archaeology, Gawlikowski Michał
Published: February 2021

The author revisits three different inscriptions from the ruins of Palmyra, either reused or in secondary position, providing readings and interpretation. A text on a console commemorates Marta, daughter of Nabuzabad and grandaughter of Zabdibol Simon; her statue was erected posthumously in the Great Colonnade. A block reused in the Temple of Bel propylae bears a fragment of an inscription in the Palmyrene script carved on the base of a statue with which the People's Council commemorated Barateh son of Zebida and grandson of Zabda Borra. The third inscription is on a column drum, identifying the donor of five columns as Zabdai son of Zabadnebo Qahzan; a longer inscription to this effect is already known and is referred to the west portico of the grand courtyard of the Bel sanctuary.