bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-Qur'anic Signals Regarding Community-Based Islamic Education Approaches: Analysis of the Concepts of Yad'ûna and Ya'murûna
Authors: Armita Pipin , Zaitun Z , Ahmad Iftikhar
Published: May 2024

In the Qur'an, there are various sources of knowledge, which explain various aspects of life, including education. This research aims to find out the signs of the Qur'an regarding community-based Islamic education so that it can be implemented in the Islamic education process. As for the method used in this research, because this type of research is qualitative research, the data used is from literature, that is, all the data and materials used are data or library materials that are appropriate to the problems raised. Meanwhile, the library materials used as research objects are books, journals, magazines, or other writings related to community-based Islamic education. The results of this research show that in the Qur'an two terms imply community-based Islamic education, namely the terms yad'ûna and ya'murûna. Many other terms refer to community-based Islamic education, but these two terms are directly mentioned in the Qur'an, and that is what differentiates them from other terms. Apart from that, the terms yad'ûna and ya'murûna have the meaning of calling for the implementation of God's commands. So community-based Islamic education organizers with the words yad'ûna and ya'murûna get a noble place before Allah. In the end, community-based Islamic education is an effort that brings good luck in this world and the hereafter.
Democracy and Multicultural Education in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Study to Build Awareness and Collaborative Action
Authors: Rahmawati Siti , Tamami Fauziyah Qurrota Ayun , Tamami Sabrina Failasufa , Tamami Mochammad Mumtaz Rais
Published: May 2024

With the use of bibliometric analysis drawn from several articles indexed in the Scopus database, this study seeks to map the evolution and direction of research on democracy and multicultural education to increase awareness and encourage collaborative action. The data found in levels from 1995 to 2024 will be analyzed to identify pertinent gaps. After that, the data was examined using R / R-Studio, VOSViewer, and Microsoft Excel software to identify keywords and document citation boosters. 193 publications that meet the established criteria, subject, and function were discovered by the researcher. This study's findings indicate a yearly increase rate. The scientific field and the annual quantity of studies published were taken into consideration when analyzing the obtained papers. This bibliometric analysis was restricted to data from Scopus. This study's drawback is that it only uses data sets or metadata from publications that are indexed in Scopus.  In addition to offering suggestions for further research, this study gives a concise summary of the literature that scholars studying democracy and multicultural education for awareness-raising and collaborative action review can access.
Padrões Matemáticos na Cerâmica Caeteuara: uma análise Etnomatemática
Authors: Rosario Samuel Antonio Silva do
Published: May 2024

Este artigo aborda as interseções entre Saberes Tradicionais e a Matemática na produção de cerâmica artesanal da comunidade Vila Cuera, em Bragança, no estado do Pará, Brasil. O estudo destaca como a sabedoria empírica dos artesãos na manipulação e modelagem da argila se traduz em artefatos cerâmicos. A metodologia adotada foi qualitativa e etnográfica, utilizando-se de observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, bem como registros fotográficos e em vídeo. O estudo ressalta a relevância da Etnomatemática, mostrando a conexão entre as práticas ancestrais e os conceitos da matemática moderna. Os achados do estudo revelam que as técnicas tradicionais empregadas na Vila Cuera são fundamentais para definir as propriedades simétricas e geométricas observadas tanto no processo de modelagem da argila quanto nos artefatos cerâmicos finais. Estes achados sublinham a importância de integrar os saberes tradicionais ao contexto científico atual, oferecendo uma visão mais abrangente e integrada da educação e história da matemática em diferentes contextos.
Sistematização da Aritmética Comercial europeia no século XIII
Authors: Guimarães Filho José dos Santos , Brandemberg João Cláudio
Published: May 2024

A Europa no século XIII passa por mudanças em suas atividades comerciais, essas mudanças levam a necessidade de cálculos mais otimizados e eficientes. Neste momento entra em cena um livro chamado Liber Abaci escrito por Leonardo Fibonacci (1180 – 1250) que supriu muitas dessas necessidades, assim, objetivamos apresentar o contexto encontrado por Leonardo Fibonacci no século XIII e apresentar exemplos de sistematizações trazidas por ele para a Aritmética Comercial em seu Liber Abaci. Dessa forma, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de fontes relacionadas à história da Idade Média, à história da matemática medieval, à aritmética medieval e à aritmética mercantil. Adicionalmente, exploramos os conteúdos presentes nos capítulos VIII, IX, X e XI do Liber Abaci. Foi possível identificar que o contexto que Leonardo Fibonacci encontrou no início do século XIII foi favorável a suas contribuições e suas sistematizações propostas atenderam as necessidades e demandas do comércio.
PERBANDINGAN SUPLEMENTASI MINERAL Ca ORGANIK DAN Mg ORGANIK DENGAN Ca SABUN DAN Mg SABUN DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT TUBUH, KONSUMSI RANSUM, DAN EFISIENSI RANSUM PADA KAMBING RAMBON
Authors: Kohir Muhammad Zahir Alwan , Husni Ali , Wanniatie Veronica , Muhtarudin Muhtarudin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlakuan terbaik dari perbandingan suplementasi mineral organik dengan mineral organik sabun dalam ransum terhadap pertambahan bobot tubuh, konsumsi ransum, dan efisiensi ransum. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Februari--Maret 2023 yang berlokasi di Kandang Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, menggunakan 12 ekor kambing Rambon jantan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu P1 : ransum basal (onggok, silase daun singkong, bungkil sawit, dan dedak padi), P2 : ransum basal + mineral organik (Ca dan Mg), dan P3 : ransum basal + mineral organik sabun (Ca dan Mg). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam (ANOVA) kemudian dilanjut dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian pada pertambahan bobot tubuh sebesar (P1=2,38; P2=3,38; dan P3=2,63) kg/40 hari, pada konsumsi ransum pada masing-masing perlakuan (P1=1230,63; P2=1214,89; dan P3=1145,09) g/hari, kemudian pada efisiensi ransum sebesar (P1=4,25; P2=6,18; dan P3=5,05) % . Disimpulkan pemberian mineral organik (Ca dan Mg) dibandingkan mineral organik sabun (Ca dan Mg) tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot tubuh, konsumsi ransum, dan efisiensi ransum pada kambing Rambon.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MOLASES, AMONIUM SULFAT, DAN DOLOMIT PADA SILASE PUCUK TEBU TERHADAP KANDUNGAN NDF DAN ADF
Authors: Riski Putra Suswanda Gede Bima , Muhtaruddin Muhtaruddin , Farda Fitria Tsani , Erwanto Erwanto
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molases, amonium sulfat, dan dolomit dengan level berbeda dan mengetahui level terbaik pemberian molases dan amonium sulfat pada silase pucuk tebu terhadap kandungan NDF dan ADF.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Agustus 2022 bertempat di PT. Gunung Madu Plantations, KM 90 Terbanggi Besar, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, Provinsi Lampung.  Analisis kandungan NDF dan ADF dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pelayanan Kimia, Balai Penelitian Ternak, Bogor.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 25 unit percobaan.  Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu P1: silase pucuk tebu (molases 2,5% + amonium sulfat 1%), P2: silase pucuk tebu (molases 2,5% + amonium sulfat 2%), P3: silase pucuk tebu (molases 5% + amonium sulfat 1%), P4: silase pucuk tebu (molases 5% + amonium sulfat 2%), P5: silase pucuk tebu (molases 5% + amonium sulfat 2 + 2% dolomit).  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Lanjut Berganda Duncan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan kandungan NDF (P1: 75,49%; P2: 73,77%; P3: 73,58%; P4: 71,46%; P5: 71,65%) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) dan kandungan ADF (P1: 43,23%; P2: 42,23%; P3: 41,95%; P4: 42,28%; P5: 44,62%) berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05).  Perlakuan P4 dengan penambahan molases 5% dan amonium sulfat 2% memberikan pengaruh terbaik (P<0,05%) terhadap kandungan NDF dan Perlakuan P3 dengan penambahan molases 5% dan amonium sulfat 1% memberikan pengaruh terbaik (P<0,05%) terhadap kandungan ADF.
A new Ornithophila (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) species from Baikal State Nature Reserve (Russia)
Authors:   A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the RAS, Yatsuk Aleksandra A. , Matyukhin Alexander V. ,   A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the RAS, Anisimova Valentina I. ,   Baikalsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve,   Irkutsk State University, Markovets Mikhail Yu. ,   Zoological Institute RAS, Nartshuk Emilia P. ,   Zoological Institute RAS
Published: May 2024

The parasitic family Hippoboscidae is distributed around the world and currently includes more than 200 species. These insects are of high veterinary importance both as carriers of dangerous diseases and as transport for other groups of parasites. The genus Ornithophila is one of the smallest genera among Hippoboscidae. Currently, the genus Ornithophila includes only two species, namely Ornithophila gestroi and O. metallica. These species are full-winged, widely specialised parasites on birds that inhabit the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa, Europe, and Central Asia, including Russia and Kazakhstan. During the annual bird ringing in the Baikal State Nature Reserve (Russia), a new Ornithophila (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) species (Ornithophila baikalica sp. nov.) was collected and described. Ornithophila baikalica sp. nov. was found on Arundinax aedon, a bird that breeds in the south of Siberia and the Far East and migrates in winter to Southeast Asia, and sometimes to Egypt, Bhutan, Japan, and Malaysia. Ornithophila baikalica sp. nov. differs from the two other known species of the genus by reducing of tergites 3–5 of the female abdomen to the size of points and in the number of prescutellar setae, namely one long dark seta and several short light seta. Additionally, O. baikalica differs from O. metallica by the wing microtrichia, on which wings they are present, and by the smaller body size, body colour and wing length from O. gestroi. A new key for all three known Ornithophila species is composed.
TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ YAPAY ZEKÂ TUTUMLARININ FARKLI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Banaz Emrullah , Maden Sedat
Published: May 2024

Dijital bir dönüşümün yaşandığı günümüz dünyasında teknoloji, yapay zekâ ile zirveye ulaşmıştır. Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ tutumlarını farklı değişkenler açısından incelemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanlmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Yapay Zekâya Yönelik Genel Tutum Ölçeği aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Veriler, Google Formlar aracılığı ile 206 öğrenci üzerinden toplanmış ve SPSS 23.00 programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ tutumlarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu, Öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyet ve internet kullanma süresi değişkeni ile yapay zekâ tutumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı, 1. sınıf düzeyindeki öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ tutumlarının 2. ve 4. sınıf öğretmen adaylarına göre daha yüksek olduğu ve yapay zekâya yönelik haber takip eden öğretmen adaylarının yapay zekâ tutumlarının, yapay zekâya yönelik haber takip etmeyenlere göre daha yüksek olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
To the 50th Anniversary of the European Patent Convention (1973–2023)
Authors: Kasyanov R. A. , Yazberdiev I. M.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION. This paper reflects historical overview of long-standing emergence of mechanisms of judicial protections of patent rights conferred by European patens which begun even in 1950-s and ended with start of operations of the Unified Patent Court in 2023. The paper demonstrates that the establishment of the similar mechanism within the Eurasian Patent Organization or Eurasian Economic Union may require different approaches because of possible centralization of industrial property protection under Eurasian Patent Organization.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The research materials for this paper are scientific works of foreign and Russian scientists and officials of the European Patent Office and the Eurasian Patent Office, legal acts of international and regional levels and drafts thereof. Methodological basis of this research are general and special scientific methods.

RESEARCH RESULTS. This paper suggests periodization in emergence and evolution of dispute resolution mechanisms for European patents, reveals rationales for establishment of the unified patent judiciary in Europe and outlines directions for further research of prospects of creation of the similar mechanism in the Eurasian region. Some findings made in this article may facilitate the growth of such researches.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. European Union (EU) accumulated broad experience in establishment of the dispute resolution mechanisms for European patents. Due to uniqueness the Unified Patent Court is of great interest when researching prospect of improvements of the patent judiciary and quasi-judicial mechanisms under the Eurasian Patent Convention. However, trends of developments of the Eurasian Patent Organization and possible centralization of the regional protection of industrial property may testify that a Eurasian analogue of the Unified Patent Court would have a different institutional form.
The Role of Effective Project Management in Strengthening Competitiveness
Authors: Varga János , Csiszárik-Kocsir Ágnes
Published: May 2024

Objective: The complexity, or complexity of our world is not only due to the increasing number of changes in our lives. We are faced with more and more difficult and complex tasks and goals every day, and it is very difficult to perform better and better in the face of these tasks and challenges. Project management is precisely about helping to turn complex tasks into well-executed processes that always end with a result. Project management is more than a set of methodologies: it is a dynamic discipline that organises complex tasks, mitigates risks and directs efforts towards a common goal. Its relevance can be demonstrated in many areas. We can measure the success of our project management system on a number of points, from efficiency to the quality of teamwork and management satisfaction. Defining criteria for success is also an important challenge for researchers today. This paper addresses similar issues, thus trying to shed light on the importance of project management, while also trying to highlight the barriers and obstacles. Project management can be a major competitive advantage for companies in the 21st century, but only if it is carried out professionally and well, i.e. if it is given the right framework and support.
 
Method: After a secondary literature review, this paper presents the results of a primary research study covering two countries. The research instrument was a questionnaire that assessed the project perception of Hungarian and Slovakian enterprises and the transformation of this perception in a complex way, based on the perceptions of enterprises in both countries. In addition to classical basic statistical methods, the study drew conclusions with the help of analysis of variance.
 
Results and conclusion: In this study, we set out to assess the project perceptions of Hungarian and Slovakian businesses based on the opinions of SMEs. The sample clearly shows that Slovak enterprises attach more importance to the project approach, as indicated by the mean scores for each statement. The results also show that there is a high heterogeneity in the perception of enterprises on project management and project approach, especially when grouped along different size categories. All these results also show significant differences by country and segment, which are presented in detail in the research part of the study.
 
Research implications: Our research results provide a good basis for businesses and educational institutions on how to look at their projects and their management. The study aims to strengthen the ability to think in terms of projects and to think in terms of projects, drawing attention to the most important directions and paths.
 
Originality/value: The main focus of the study is on how such knowledge is perceived by the stakeholders interviewed and whether the answers can be used to draw conclusions that are of interest and informative for the wider society.
Contribution of Physical Exercise on the Emotional Regulation of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Bernate Jayson Andrey , Salamanca Henry Alexander Babativa , Roa Pedro Nel Urrea , Rendon Rubén Darío Daza , Franco Ingrid Patricia Fonseca , Fuentes Gonzalo de Jesús Amaya
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To identify the effect of physical exercise on the emotional regulation of 4 adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) between the ages of 22 and 39. In this population it was found that one of the difficulties presented in these subjects is emotional regulation ( empathy) in their daily activities, such as variations in their routine, these can be changes in time or activities, disorder in their things, sleeplessness at night, etc.
 
Methodology: Qualitative approach with case study design, the Atlas Ti program was used for semantic analysis, for this 4 subjects diagnosed by the Colombian League of Autism were selected, subsequently 15 interventions were carried out from a physical activity proposal and interviews were developed to the parents of the 4 participating subjects, to learn about the effect of exercise on the population of adults with autism.
 
Results and Conclusions: It was found that there are various behaviors that subjects express in different situations, whether on the street, home or other space, in conclusion, the effect of physical exercise on emotional regulation contributes to improving moods, decreasing the escalation phases and generating better empathy towards the execution of activities or exercises in the 4 adults.
 
Implications: This research provides implications for educational and government policy to continue to strengthen public policies for people with ASD.
 
Originality/value: This research offers novelty by glimpsing the impact of exercise and physical activity on people with ASD.
Effectiveness of 650 nm red laser photobiomodulation therapy to accelerate wound healing post tooth extraction
Authors: Astuti S. D. , Nashichah R. , Widiyanti P. , Setiawatie E. M. , Amir M. S. , Apsari A. , Widyastuti . , Hermanto E. , Susilo Y. , Yaqubi A. K. , Nurdin D.Z. I. , Anuar N.
Published: May 2024

After tooth extraction, there can be consequences involving injury to the tissue surrounding the extracted tooth, which may lead to severe problems such as inflammation and infection. The wound healing process comprises inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. Photobiomodulation is a therapy form that utilizes the interaction of a light source with tissue. This interaction can activate an increase in Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), which subsequently triggers a chain reaction leading to the creation of new blood vessels and an increase in the number of fibroblasts. This study used a red laser light source with a power of 3.32 ± 0.01 mW, delivering a dose of 3.5 J to patients for extraction indications. The parameters observed included Interleukin 1_ (IL-1_), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Human Beta defensin 2 (HBD2), and Gingival Index (GI). The results of testing saliva samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) for the parameters IL-1_, PGE2, and HBD2 show a significant influence between the control and therapy groups. Meanwhile, GI revealed a significant influence of therapy on the wound-healing process. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, on day 1, the p-value was found to be 0.32, indicating no significant deference between the control and therapy groups. However, on the third day after the therapy was administered, the p-value was obtained as 0.01, signifying a significant deference between the control and therapy groups. On day 5, a p-value of 0.034 was obtained, signifying a significant deference between the control and therapy groups. Based on the research results, it can be observed that there is a decrease in the values of IL-1_, PGE2, HBD2, and GI. This indicates that local immune cells, including resident macrophages, are activated by pro-inflammatory mediators released in response to injury, and they play an essential role in accelerating wound healing.
Review of Heart Sound Analyses from Phonocardiogram Records
Authors:   Malatya Turgut Özal University, Akçadağ Vocational Highschool, 44600 Malatya, Turkey, GUNDUZ ALI FATIH
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are considered as one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Well-beings of people in the risk groups are monitored by various state-of-the-art tools in clinics and home-care units. Phonocardiograph is one of the them which captures sounds coming from the heart and gives high-quality graphical records (i.e., Phonocardiogram, PCG) of them for examination of pathologies. PCG records have been studied and interpreted in order to localize heart sound segments and classify abnormalities for decades. Moreover, there have been competitions for heart sound classification and researchers have developed successful solutions based on signal processing and machine learning approaches. Main steps of those studies are grouped as preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. In this study we present a survey of proposed methods and used datasets. The features used in the literature are listed as time, frequency and time-frequency domains. Performances of different studies are presented and compared. From this perspective, it is concluded that there is still room for automated heart sound analysis. Larger open access PCG databases are required for testing state-of-the-art machine learning methods.
The influence of a two-point contralateral crutch gait on the loading of the lower limb using a forearm crutch
Authors:   University Hospitals Brussels, campus Saint-Pierre, Department of Internal Medicine – Physiotherapy and Revalidation, Free University of Brussels, REYNDERS-FREDERIX CRISTINA , REYNDERS-FREDERIX PETER ,   University Hospitals Brussels, campus Brugmann, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Free University of Brussels, INNOCENTI BERNARDO ,   BEAMS, (Bio Electro and Mechanical Systems) Free University of Brussels, BERTEANU MIHAI ,   Department of Revalidation & Physiotherapy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This biomechanical study was conducted to validate the assumption that using an elbow crutch on one side diminishes the loading of the contralateral lower limb. Methods: This study included in total 49 subjects: 39 patients and 10 healthy volunteers with a total of 114 observations divided in two groups. Group I, control group, (forearm crutch) contained 24 subjects (5 healthy volunteers and 19 Orthopedic patients). Group II (electronic forearm crutch) was made up of 25 subjects (5 healthy volunteers and 20 Orthopedic patients) with 60 observations. The electronic crutch recorded the speed of the crutch movement in the sagittal plane, the axial force exerted on the shaft of the crutch and the position of the crutch in the frontal plane in relation to the central axis of the subject. Results: holding the forearm crutch contralateral of the examined limb, we documented a 74% lower amount of limb loading. Holding the elbow crutch on the same side as the examined limb, we reported in 53.6% less loading. Conclusions: These results do not corroborate with the theoretical mechanical analysis of limb loading, where a diminishing load of the limb is predicted contralateral to an elbow crutch.
An Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation Using cry1F gene in Castor (Ricinus communis L.) for protection Against lepidopteran Insects
Authors:   Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari- 396450, Gujarat, India, KANSARA ROHAN V. , JHA SANJAY ,   Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ASPEE Shakilam Agricultural Biotech Institute, Navsari Agricultural University, Athwa Farm, Surat-395007, Gujarat, India, SOLANKI VANRAJSINH H. ,   Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari- 396450, Gujarat, India, JHA SUMANKUMAR ,   Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396450, Gujarat, India., SRIVASHTAV VISHAL S. ,   Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari- 396450, Gujarat, India, MEHTA VIVEK V. ,   Regional Horticulture Research Station, ASPEE college of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396450, Gujarat, India., PATEL HIREN K. ,   School of Sciences, P.P. Savani University, Surat-394135, Gujarat, India, MOGAL CHAITANYA S. ,   Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari- 396450, Gujarat, India
Published: May 2024

to foliage feeders like Spodoptera litura which resulted in a loss of production. This report focuses on the development of an optimized protocol for the transformation of castor shoot apices by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing plasmid construct pBIN1F harboring neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII), as selectable marker gene and Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (Bt) cry1F gene controlled by cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Several parameters like O.D., concentration of kanamycin and acetosyringone were optimized and produced a significant difference in the transformation efficiency. Co-cultivation time and seedling age were factors, with overall transformation efficiency of 2.0% in 15 days-old seedlings and co-cultivated for 3 days. The surviving and actively developing shoot apices were validated for gene integration by molecular analysis after being preliminarily screened on kanamycin. Furthermore, PCR, qRT-PCR and insect bioassay were used to confirm the putative primary transformants. When bioassayed against newly hatched Spodoptera litura hatchlings, these putative transgenics with cry1F gene caused significant (≤93%) insect mortality. Cry1F gene expressing transgenic plants had adequate defence against Spodoptera litura when exposed to castor.
The Syntactic Functions of Prepositional Phrases in English Language
Authors: Omer Lavan Didar , Izzadin Wrya
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to present a better understanding of how the prepositional phrases in the English language function syntactically, since there are different functions of prepositional phrases in sentences. The study is a qualitative approach that analyzes examples that are taken randomly from different sources as data; this is called probability sampling. The study will seek a suitable, academic, plausible, and credible answer to the question of "what are the syntactic functions of prepositional phrases in English language". As a result, the conclusion is reached, which shows that the syntactic functions are post-modifier, adverbial, nominal, and complement.
The Mothers Attitude for Infantile Colic Attending Salah-Alden General Hospital
Authors: Mohammed Marwa Mahmoud , Younis Mohammed Adress
Published: May 2024

Background: Infantile colic is a benign condition and a common cause that made parents to seek medical advice in the early three months of life. It is defined as paroxysms of crying and fussiness more than three hours per day, more than three days in a week for three weeks in a healthy infant from fourteen days to four months of life .The real cause still unknown but underlying organic causes less than 5%.
Aim of the study: To evaluate the mother's attitude about infantile colic.
Patient and Method: A cross sectional hospital-based study done on 200 mothers whose baby had infantile colic to evaluate mother’s knowledge about treatment of their problem, the study was done at the Pediatric consulting department of Salah-Alden General Hospital during the period from 2nd January to 30th August 2021 selected not randomly. The Mother’s knowledge were taken by the wards of the mother without interference and without guidance, the source of the knowledge depend whether it is taken from her previous experience, her relatives and friends, health care provider, from social media. Regarding educational level of the mothers were divided into illiterate, read and write, primary school, secondary school and college. Regarding the type of formula, the formulas divided into the types as AC formula, AD formula regardless the name of the company.
Results: The study showed that the high rate of males and females children enrolled in this study was in 2 months of age (29.73 and 30.34% respectively). The majority of children were belonged to families lived in urban area. 52% of the mothers consulted physician, 50.5% consulted medical staff. Most of mothers haven’t knowledge about infantile colic 63.5%, and 17% acquired their knowledge from previous experience or relatives and friends. 30% of mothers were completed primary school, 27% were illiterate, 19% read and write and 13% for each of secondary school and college. The high rates of most mothers with variety education levels haven’t previous experience.
Conclusions: The study showed that the high rate of children was in 2 months of age and belonged to families lived in urban area. Most of the mothers consulted doctor and health care providers and most of them haven’t experience about infantile colic and manage it by anti-colic drugs and changing of formula.
Does the leishmaniasis protects against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Erzaiq Zainb Suliaman
Published: May 2024

The relationship between leishmaniasis and COVID-19 remains uncertain, with no evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis provides protection against COVID-19. Leishmaniasis, transmitted by sandflies, and COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, are unrelated diseases with distinct transmission modes. It is essential to rely on established preventive measures for COVID-19, such as vaccination and hygiene practices, as leishmaniasis requires separate medical attention. Some studies suggest that visceral Leishmania-COVID-19 co-infection may reactivate asymptomatic leishmaniasis. Severe COVID-19 cases may exacerbate parasitic multiplication and organ involvement. The immunological response to visceral leishmaniasis may increase susceptibility to subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection, emphasizing the importance of an effective immune response. Cutaneous leishmaniasis may confer cross-protection against COVID-19, particularly in tropical regions. IFN-γ plays a critical role in parasite control and antiviral defense, highlighting its importance in both diseases. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and leishmaniasis.
Commercial Supersonic Air Travel: Flight Routing and Demand Forecasting
Authors: Hassan Mohammed , Pfaender Holger , Oliveira Thayná , Ougazzaden Nadir , Dussauge Thomas , Mavris Dimitri
Published: May 2024

There has been renewed interest in commercial supersonic air travel in recent years with new concepts currently being advertised for a potential comeback within the next decade. Current regulations do not permit overland operations for supersonic vehicles due to the sonic booms produced during flight. To capture a favorable market share, these vehicles would have to serve more routes than previously served while abiding with current regulations. This study presents a novel and comprehensive approach to overland-prohibited flight routing and route-specific demand forecasting for commercial supersonic air travel, in order to assess the expected market capture under nominal air traffic growth conditions. Results for a baseline reference scenario suggest that with efficient flight routing these vehicles could operate on many routes and capture 5 to 8% of the current demand for subsonic air travel. However, a sensitivity analysis of the top 10 routes showed that both flight routing and demand forecasting are notably sensible to the underlying assumptions and that results could vary considerably based on modeling inputs pertaining to both the aircraft and airline characteristics.
Probabilistic Higher-Order Velocity Obstacle for Dynamic Collision Avoidance in Uncertain Environments
Authors: Rahul Dinkar Kumar , Ghosh Satadal
Published: May 2024

Autonomous systems like unmanned aircraft systems are touted as front-runners in terms of efficiency and agility in challenging operations like emergency response. The ability of autonomous agents in such systems to avoid collisions with dynamic obstacles while navigating through an obstacle-cluttered environment is critical for success in any mission. In addition to that, further challenges are posed by environments with uncertainties in obstacles’ motion, sensing, and occluded regions. To this end, a higher-order velocity obstacle–based novel motion planner is presented in this paper in a probabilistic setup for smooth, collision-free navigation of the agent with acceleration constraints in uncertain, unstructured environments with an element of anticipation for the future environment. The effectiveness of the developed algorithm for safe, collision-free, and smooth navigation of the agent is investigated in simulation studies in two different kinds of environments, one with known trajectories of obstacles and the other with unknown maneuvering trajectories of obstacles. Extensive simulation studies are performed in the presence of dynamic obstacles to elucidate the performance of the proposed algorithm on four crucial parameters—mission time, computational time, minimum obstacle distance, and an overall control effort under varied obstacle densities. With satisfactory performance in all these aspects, the developed algorithm possesses strong potential for real-time implementation.
Hepatocarcinoma in HBV infection is controlled by the use of entecavir, interferon and tenofovir: viral suppression and restoration of hepatic decompensation
Authors: Padilha Marcos Daniel Mendes , Melo Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos , Laurentino Rogério Valois , Monteiro Jacqueline Cortinhas , Silva Andrea Nazaré Monteiro Rangel da , Matos Fabiola Santos da Silva , Viana Vitória Beatriz de Jesus , Almeida João Lukas Nunes , Gonçalves Janete Silvana Souza , Feitosa Rosimar Neris Martins
Published: May 2024

Objective: To elucidate how therapies with interferons and nucleotide analogues in patients infected with hepatitis B virus cause reversal of liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Literature review: Entecavir has demonstrated virological and biochemical benefits, reducing the incidence of drug-resistant mutations, and being associated with a lower risk of death. Interferons (IFNs) have been used to treat chronic hepatitis B/C, IFNs induce APOBEC3G expression with activation of STAT3 inhibiting HBV, complexes of these IFNs activate the Janus-activated kinase signal transducer (JAK) and the transcription pathway activator (STAT), leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Studies with tenofovir for hepatitis B suggest that it reverses hepatic fibrosis, tenofovir is hydrolysed by intestinal and plasma esterases, and is metabolized mainly intracellularly by cathepsin A. Final considerations: IFNs activate immune cells responsible for the antiviral response, entecavir acts as the HBV DNA strand terminator, and tenofovir is associated with reversal of liver fibrosis and restoration of kidney function.
التحديات التي تواجه طالبات الدراسات العليا العاملات في القطاع الخاص
Authors: الحماد ريا عبدالله , الشهري فاطمة جابر , الشمري عهود سعود , الصقري عواطف إبراهيم
Published: May 2024

أن طلبة كلية الدراسات العليا تعترضهم عدة ضغوطات ومشكلات علمية وأكاديمية وإدارية ومالية تحد من نشاط الباحث وتعوق أداءه، وتقلل من جودة عمله، أو تعرقل تطوره وتقدمه، أو تؤدي إلى ضمور رغبته في إكمال دراسة الدكتوراه، أو قد تتسبب في تسربه من برنامج الماجستير أو الدكتوراه؛ لذا هدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على التحديات المادية، والتحديات النفسية، والتحديات الأكاديمية التي تواجه طالبات الدراسات العليا العاملات في القطاع الخاص، باستخدام المنهج النوعي بأسلوب (دراسة الحالة)، واستخدام أداة المقابلة، ثم تحليلها نوعياً مع الفئة المستهدفة، ‏وكانت أبرز النتائج حول التحديات المادية هو: 1- ارتفاع سعر البرامج المدفوعة، 2- وارتفاع قيمة الكتب والمراجع، 3-وارتفاع تكاليف المواصلات والخدمات، 4-وارتفاع تكاليف السكن والمعيشة، أما التحديات النفسية فتمركزت في 1-الشعور بالإرهاق معظم الوقت، 2-والخوف من الفشل في الدراسة، 3-وقلة مراعاة هيئة التدريس لظروف الطالبات، أما السؤال الأخير حول التحديات الأكاديمية توصل إلى 1-عدم المعرفة الكافية بطرق النشر العلمي للأبحاث، 2-وضعف مستوى اللغة الإنجليزية، 3-وصعوبة اختيار عنوان الرسالة، 4-وعدم وجود توافق بين الطالبة والمشرف الأكاديمي، 5-وكثرة تكاليف المواد، فخرج هذا البحث إلى عدة توصيات منها: على الجامعات والحكومات تقديم الدعم اللازم لطلبة التعليم العالي، وأن ترفع من مستوى جودة التعليم والبحث، وأن تشجع على تسهيل تمويل الدراسة، أو مراعاة ذوي الدخل المحدود، وتقديم الخدمات الاستشارية بشكل موسع.
Behind Closed Doors: The Untold Challenges of Transgender and Nonbinary Graduate Students in Chemistry
Authors: Nolan Michelle M. , Blythe Isaac M. , Vincent-Ruz Paulette
Published: May 2024

Transgender, nonbinary, two spirit, and gender-expansive students are marginalized in higher education and have significantly different college experiences than their cisgender peers. Through in-depth interviews, this research illuminates the nuanced experiences of transgender students navigating academia in chemistry graduate programs, revealing the disparities between institutional rhetoric and tangible support. From grappling with the absence of inclusive policies to the burdens of advocating for institutional change, participants confronted systemic barriers that impeded their academic and personal growth. This study underscores the imperative for transparent and proactive support structures within academic departments to foster an environment where transgender and nonbinary individuals can thrive. As the political landscape intensifies with escalating threats to transgender rights, this research serves as a clarion call for academia to confront and ameliorate the challenges faced by marginalized populations in STEM fields.
Economical deployment of quarry minerals for land-based enhanced weathering in Northern California
Authors: Breunig Hanna , Fox Patricia , Domen Jeremy , Kumar Ram , Eloy Alves Ricardo Jorge , Zhalnina Kateryna , Voigtländer Anne , Deng Hang , Arora Bhavna , Nico Peter
Published: May 2024

Enhanced weathering (EW) is a CO2 removal (CDR) and sequestration strategy that accelerates the natural reactions of minerals that can store carbon from the atmosphere and biotic reactions. One method of EW is to apply finely ground silicate rocks to agricultural lands. EW has been demonstrated in laboratory and field tests, but great uncertainty remains regarding the life-cycle of using locally available rocks on candidate soils. We evaluate the life-cycle greenhouse gas impacts, job creation, and cost of scenarios where rocks mined from a quarry in Northern California are ground to target size before being transported by truck and tilled into agricultural soils. Candidate quarry dust samples were classified as dacite, andesite, and olivine rocks, with EW potentials ranging from 125-760 kg CO2/tonne-rock. We determined the olivine rock could achieve a levelized cost of CDR under the DOE Earthshot target of $100/tonne-CO2, as long as application rates are 25 t/ha or more. Even andesite and dacite materials reach lower costs than commercial direct air capture technologies, but no identified innovations in the supply chain achieve the Earthshot target. The results suggest that low-cost EW can be achieved using natural quarry materials, with average removal up to 2.7 tonnes CO2eq per hectare per year. Highlighted is the critical need for best practices that can overcome potentially unnecessary constraints on application loading rates.
Foaming enables material-efficient bioplastic products with minimal persistence
Authors: James Bryan , Sun Yanchen , Pate Kali , Shankar Rahul , Izallalen Mounir , Mazumder Sharmistha , Perri Steven , Houston Katelyn , Edwards Brian , de Wit Jos , Reddy Christopher , Ward Collin
Published: May 2024

Mismanaged plastic products should be designed to inherently reduce their environmental impacts by optimizing material efficiency and minimizing environmental persistence. Foaming biodegradable bioplastics (i.e., introducing microstructural pores into the material) was hypothesized to achieve this objective. To test this hypothesis, the marine biodegradation of novel cellulose diacetate (CDA) foams of varying relative density (ρ_foam/ρ_solid =0.09-1.00) was evaluated in a flow-through seawater mesocosm. After 36 weeks, the CDA foams (ρ_foam/ρ_solid =0.09) lost 65-70% of their mass, while equivalent polystyrene foams persisted with no change in mass. The degradation rates of the CDA foams were ~15 times that of solid CDA and the fastest of any plastic reported in the ocean. Material indices, value functions, and qualitative descriptors for circularity indicated that CDA foams could be the favorable choice of material for food-packaging applications with potential benefits to society worth hundreds of millions of dollars annually. Foaming of biodegradable bioplastics thus represents a promising strategy toward minimizing the environmental impacts of frequently mismanaged consumer plastics.
The F-actin bundler SWAP-70 promotes tumor metastasis
Authors: Chang Chao-Yuan , Pearce Glen , Betaneli Viktoria , Kapustsenka Tatsiana , Hosseini Kamran , Fischer-Friedrich Elisabeth , Corbeil Denis , Karbanová Jana , Taubenberger Anna , Dahncke Björn , Rauner Martina , Furesi Giulia , Perner Sven , Rost Fabian , Jessberger Rolf
Published: May 2024

Dynamic rearrangements of the F-actin cytoskeleton are a hallmark of tumor metastasis. Thus, proteins that govern F-actin rearrangements are of major interest for understanding metastasis and potential therapies. We hypothesized that the unique F-actin binding and bundling protein SWAP-70 contributes importantly to metastasis. Orthotopic, ectopic, and short-term tail vein injection mouse breast and lung cancer models revealed a strong positive dependence of lung and bone metastasis on SWAP-70. Breast cancer cell growth, migration, adhesion, and invasion assays revealed SWAP-70’s key role in these metastasis-related cell features and the requirement for SWAP-70 to bind F-actin. Biophysical experiments showed that tumor cell stiffness and deformability are negatively modulated by SWAP-70. Together, we present a hitherto undescribed, unique F-actin modulator as an important contributor to tumor metastasis.
Aforização em jornais brasileiros de grande circulação: as tragédias de Brumadinho e Mariana no foco do discurso
Authors: Folha Mós Landim Alessandra , Lara Glaucia Muniz Proença
Published: May 2024

Neste trabalho, abordamos a noção de destacabilidade/aforização (MAINGUENEAU, 2006; 2010; 2014; 2015) a partir de textos midiáticos sobre o rompimento das barragens de Mariana-MG (2015) e Brumadinho-MG (2019). Para tanto, escolhemos dois jornais: i) Folha de S. Paulo, devido Ã  sua proeminência nacional; e ii) Estado de Minas, pela sua expressividade regional. Discutindo a polifonia/a heterogeneidade que atravessa o dizer dos jornais por meio desses enunciados destacados, concluímos que as aforizações: i) funcionam como uma poderosa estratégia de captação da instância receptora; e ii) indicam diálogo e confrontação de vozes geridas pelos jornais.
Agenciamentos sociodiscursivos no contexto escolar
Authors: De Queiroz Atauan Soares , De Freitas Dias Juliana
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo, abordamos o conceito sociológico de agência, desenvolvendo a noção de agenciamento em perspectiva discursiva crítica, com base nos pressupostos teóricos da abordagem morfogenética (ARCHER, 1995, 1996, 2003, 2004, 2012). Para perceber como agenciamentos emergem e se intensificam nas práticas sociais, consideramos uma ação sociopedagógica situada, o Programa Mulheres Inspiradoras (PMI), observando as experiências de estudantes do Ensino Médio. As análises dos dados etnográficos recaem sobre os discursos articulados pelos/as discentes para representar e identificar as experiências formativas (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003, 2016). Para operacionalizar as análises textualmente orientadas, mobilizamos a categoria seleção lexical. Os discursos analisados apontam para a emergência e intensificação de agenciamentos epistêmicos, políticos e identitários.
Educação bilíngue para surdos no Brasil: reflexões críticas
Authors: Silva Kleber Aparecido da , Ribeiro Guedes Sônia Margarida , Nogueira Dias Tatiana Rosa
Published: May 2024

Este artigo   consiste-se  em uma pesquisa bibliográfica  acerca da temática bilinguismo surdo, tendo como suporte o banco de teses da CAPES, para compreender qual o tratamento dado à questão  na última década, com  os      objetivos       de apresentar sucintamente o histórico das políticas públicas para a educação bilíngue  de  surdos no Brasil;  discutir conceitos  acerca da identidade relacionados à  educação bilíngue para surdos; arrolar as pesquisas realizadas no Brasil  em nível de doutorado, com foco na educação bilíngue  de  surdos e  discutir  as implicações dessas pesquisas  para o ensino/formação de professores bilíngues.   Os resultados mostram que os estudos   na esfera do bilinguismo surdo em nível de doutorado privilegiam o eixo temático ensino/aprendizagem em detrimento aos outros três eixos categorizados, desvelando-se, portanto, uma fragilidade que precisa ser revista. 
Palavras-chave: Políticas públicas. Bilinguismo surdo. Ensino-aprendizagem. Formação de professores.
Currículo de história: aspectos políticos, sociais e culturais e o silenciamento das relações de gênero
Authors: Camilo de Camargo Isabel , Rodrigues Gomes Aguinaldo
Published: May 2024

No Brasil contemporâneo, o debate em torno da questão de gênero tem sido bastante acirrado e despertado polêmicas entre diversos setores da sociedade, se estendendo também para o campo educacional e para o currículo. Esse texto tem como objetivo discutir o presente silenciamento das relações de gênero no currículo escolar. Também buscamos problematizar as formas de trabalhar a história das mulheres e sexualidade no ensino de História. A abertura historiográfica que temos hoje possibilita inserir as relações de gênero e a história da mulher nos conteúdos da disciplina História do Ensino Básico.
Mulheres presas e mercados de drogas: efeitos da crise global capitalista
Authors: Das Flores Duarte Joana
Published: May 2024

Este artigo versa sobre a situação das mulheres presas no Brasil por crimes tipificados na Lei nº 11.343, de 23 de agosto de 2006, que institui o Sistema Nacional de Políticas Públicas sobre Drogas. Essa legislação não emerge de um cenário novo, uma vez que é uma releitura da Lei nº 5.726, de 29 de outubro de 1971. No que se refere à metodologia da pesquisa, optou-se pela análise de dados quantitativos do Levantamento Nacional de Informações Penitenciárias de 2014 e 2017 e do Relatório Temático sobre Mulheres Privadas de Liberdade de 2019. Qualitativamente, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica de teses e dissertações produzidas entre os anos de 2006 e 2016, cujo tema central de investigação foi a situação das mulheres presas. Buscou-se mostrar que os crimes relacionados ao mercado de drogas no Brasil resultam da divisão internacional, sexual e racial do trabalho informal como a face ilícita da globalização capitalista.