bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization and quality of primary and specialized palliative homecare in nursing home residents vs. community dwellers: a claims data analysis
Authors: Poeck Juliane , Meissner Franziska , Ditscheid Bianka , Krause Markus , Wedding Ulrich , Gebel Cordula , Marschall Ursula , Meyer Gabriele , Schneider Werner , Freytag Antje
Published: January 2025

Background

There are hardly any data on the extent to which nursing home residents are provided with palliative homecare. We want to add evidence by comparing nursing home residents (who had been living in a nursing home for at least one year) and nursing-care-dependent community dwellers in terms of utilization and quality of palliative homecare.

Methods

We conducted a population-based study with nationwide claims data from deceased beneficiaries of a large German health insurance provider. First, we compared utilization rates of primary palliative care [PPC], specialized palliative homecare [SPHC], and no palliative care [noPC] between nursing home residents and community dwellers, both descriptively and adjusted for covariates. Second, we analyzed the (adjusted) relationship between PPC-only and SPHC (both: starting ≥ 30 days before death), and noPC with healthcare indicators (death in hospital, hospitalization, emergencies, intensive care treatment within the last 30 days of life), and compared these relationships between nursing home residents and community dwellers. Analyses were conducted using simple and multiple logistic regression. Data were standardized by age and gender.

Results

From 117,436 decedents in 2019, 71,803‬ could be included in the first, 55,367‬ in the second analysis. The rate of decedents with noPC was higher in nursing home residents (61.3%) compared to community dwellers (56.6%). Nursing home residents received less SPHC (10.7% vs. 23.2%) but more PPC (30.3% vs. 27.0%) than community dwellers, and achieved better outcomes across all end-of-life healthcare indicators. Adjusted for covariates, both types of palliative homecare were associated with beneficial outcomes, in nursing home residents as well as in community dwellers, with generally better outcomes for SPHC than PPC-only. For most outcomes, the associations with palliative homecare were equal or smaller in nursing home residents than in community dwellers.

Conclusions

The overall better performance in quality of end-of-life care in nursing home residents than in community dwellers may be due to the institutionally provided nursing and general practitioner care within nursing homes. This may also explain higher rates of PPC and lower rates of SPHC in nursing home residents, and why the relationship with both PPC and SPHC are smaller in nursing home residents.

Trial registration

German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): [DRKS00024133, Date of registration: 28.06.2021].
Taking a partnership approach to embed physical activity in local policy and practice: a Bradford District case study
Authors: Hall Jennifer , Lever Elliot , Dawkins Nathan , Young Emma , Crowther Jamie , Williams Rachel , Pickavance John , Barber Sally , Daly-Smith Andy , Chalkley Anna ,   On behalf of the wider JU:MP team
Published: January 2025

Background

Supportive policy is an important component of a whole-systems approach to increasing physical activity and reducing inequalities. There is a growing body of literature surrounding the design and effectiveness of national policy approaches to physical activity, but evidence related to local-level approaches is lacking. The aim of this study was to examine ‘what works’, and identify factors underpinning change, focused on work to embed physical activity in local policy and practice in Bradford, UK.

Methods

A mixed-methods case study approach involved collecting data from cross-sectoral stakeholders directly or indirectly engaged in the physical activity agenda in Bradford over a period of three years (2021–2024). Data collection included focus groups, semi-structured interviews, researcher observations of key workshops and meetings, and surveys at two time-points (December 2021 and January 2024). Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results

Four themes were identified which embody conditions that appear to be critical for working towards physical activity being embedded in local policy & practice within the Bradford District. These included: collaboration and sector integration, co-productive working, governance and leadership, and cultivating a learning culture. The process of co-producing a district-wide strategy for physical activity was key to facilitating shared ownership of the physical activity agenda across different levels of the system, and for supporting and maintaining cross-sectoral collaboration. On average, survey respondents connected with four more local organisations in relation to the physical activity agenda in January 2024 than in December 2021.

Conclusion

Taking a partnership approach, and fostering a culture of evidence-informed decision making, is key to embedding physical activity into policy and practice at a local level. Investing time to understand the aims and values of each partner, and potential synergies and tensions between them, can support the development of a positive and productive collaboration and, subsequently, more effective whole-system delivery and population-level increases in physical activity.
Clinical management of female patients with Fabry disease based on expert consensus
Authors: Brand Eva , Linhart Aleš , Deegan Patrick , Jurcut Ruxandra , Pisani Antonio , Torra Roser , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla
Published: January 2025

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder that causes accumulation of glycosphingolipids in body tissues and fluids, leading to progressive organ damage and life-threatening complications. It can affect both males and females and can be classified into classic or later-onset phenotypes. The disease severity in females ranges from asymptomatic to the more severe, classic phenotype. Most females are hemizygous and the X-linked inheritance is associated with variable X-activation pattern and residual enzymatic activity. The heterogeneity of clinical presentation in females requires different approaches to diagnosis and management than males. A European group of 7 physicians, experienced in the management of Fabry disease, convened to discuss patient perspectives and published guidelines. The experts discussed the need to focus on psychological treatment in relation to individual coping styles when monitoring targets, and the lack of data supporting the use of plasma globotriaosylsphingosine over enzyme activity in the diagnosis of these patients. It was suggested that the high phenotypic variability in female patients may be related to the dynamic nature of the X-chromosome inactivation process and further understanding of this process could help predict the progression of Fabry disease in females and facilitate timely intervention. Due to the range of disease severity they exhibit, female patients with Fabry disease may require a more individualized treatment approach than males. Despite current recommendations, the experts agreed that early disease-specific treatment initiation in high-risk females could improve clinical outcome.
Periostin-mediated NOTCH1 activation between tumor cells and HSCs crosstalk promotes liver metastasis of small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lou Linlin , Peng Keren , Ouyang Shumin , Ding Wen , Mo Jianshan , Yan Jiayu , Gong Xiaoxiao , Liu Guopin , Lu Jinjian , Yue Peibin , Zhang Kai , Zhang Jian , Wang Yan-dong , Zhang Xiao-lei
Published: January 2025

Background

Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), with the liver being a predominant site for distal metastasis. Despite this clinical significance, mechanisms underlying the interaction between SCLC and liver microenvironment, fostering metastasis, remain unclear.

Methods

SCLC patient tissue array, bioinformatics analysis were performed to demonstrate the role of periostin (POSTN) in SCLC progression, metastasis, and prognosis. Cell migration, invasion and sphere formation assay were performed to determine the oncogenic role of POSTN. RNA sequencing analysis was utilized to identify the key signaling pathway regulated by POSTN. Immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and co-culture system were used to clarify the mechanism of POSTN-NOTCH1 axis in tumor cells-hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) crosstalk. Subcutaneous xenograft model and liver metastasis model were established to examine the anti-tumor growth and metastases effect of targeting POSTN-NOTCH1 signaling axis.

Results

Elevated expression of POSTN in SCLC is correlated with accelerated tumor progression and metastasis. Conditioned medium rich in POSTN derived from SCLC tumors demonstrates the ability to activate HSCs in the liver microenvironment. Mechanistically, POSTN emerges as a binding partner for the membrane receptor NOTCH1 and transducing the extracellular signals to intracellular fibroblasts. Furthermore, targeting the POSTN-NOTCH1 signaling axis proves effective in suppressing SCLC tumor growth and inhibiting liver metastasis. This study elucidates that the SCLC-derived secreted protein POSTN interacts with NOTCH1 on HSCs to promote the activation of HSCs, thereby providing a favorable microenvironment for liver metastasis.

Conclusion

These findings uncover the intricate communications between primary SCLC cells and HSCs in the tumor microenvironment mediated by the secreted protein POSTN in the context of liver metastasis. Consequently, targeting the POSTN-NOTCH1 signaling axis emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for metastatic SCLC.
Ventilation distribution during spontaneous breathing trials predicts liberation from mechanical ventilation: the VISION study
Authors: Phoophiboon Vorakamol , Rodrigues Antenor , Vieira Fernando , Ko Matthew , Madotto Fabiana , Schreiber Annia , Sun Nannan , Sousa Mayson L. A. , Docci Mattia , Brault Clement , Menga Luca S. , Telias Irene , Piraino Thomas , Goligher Ewan C. , Brochard Laurent
Published: January 2025

Background

Predicting complete liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV) is still challenging. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) offers a non-invasive measure of regional ventilation distribution and could bring additional information.

Research question.

Whether the display of regional ventilation distribution during a Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) could help at predicting early and successful liberation from MV.

Study design and methods

Patients were monitored with EIT during the SBT. The tidal image was divided into ventral and dorsal regions and displayed simultaneously. We explored the ventral-to-dorsal ventilation difference in percentage, and its association with clinical outcomes. Liberation success was defined pragmatically as passing SBT followed by extubation within 24 h without reintubation for 7 days. Failure included use of rescue therapy, reintubation within 7 days, tracheostomy, and not being extubated within 24 h after succesful SBT. A training cohort was used for discovery, followed by a validation cohort.

Results

Among a total of 98 patients analyzed, 85 passed SBT (87%), but rapid liberation success occurred only in 40; 13.5% of extubated patients required reintubation. From the first minutes to the entire SBT duration, the absolute ventral-to-dorsal difference was consistently smaller in liberation success compared to all subgroups of failure (p < 0.0001). An absolute difference at 5 min of SBT > 20% was associated with failure of liberation, with sensitivity and specificity of 71% and 78% and positive predictive value 81% in a validation cohort.

Conclusion

During SBT, a large ventral-to-dorsal difference in ventilation indicated by EIT may help to rapidly identify patients at risk of liberation failure.
A newly developed high-performance thin layer chromatographic method for determination of remdesivir, favipiravir and dexamethasone, in spiked human plasma: comparison with the published methods
Authors: Abdelfatah Rehab M. , Abdelmomen Esraa H. , Abdelaleem Eglal A. , Abdelmoety Refaat H. , Emam Aml A.
Published: January 2025

Co-administration of COVID-19 RNA polymerase inhibitors, remdesivir and favipiravir, has synergistic benefits. Together they reduce viral load and inflammation more effectively than either drug used alone. Corticosteroids like dexamethasone are used alongside antivirals in multidrug combination regimens. A new HPTLC method was utilized to isolate and quantitatively determine the three medicines of the COVID-19 therapeutic protocol, remdesivir, favipiravir and dexamethasone, using the anticoagulant apixaban as an internal standard in human plasma. The mobile phase system used a solvent mixture of ethyl acetate, hexane, and acetic acid (9:1:0.3, by volume). At 254 nm, well-resolved spots with Rf values of 0.3 for remdesivir, 0.64 for dexamethasone, and 0.77 for favipiravir have been observed. To ensure compliance with FDA regulations, a validation study was conducted. Quantitation limits as low as 0.1 µg/band have been achieved with remdesivir and dexamethasone, and 0.2 µg/band with favipiravir, demonstrating excellent sensitivities. From 97.07% to 102.77%, the drugs were recovered from human plasma that had been artificially spiked. The whiteness of the method has been assessed using RGB 12 algorithm and a percentage of whiteness of 95.6% has been obtained.
The sow vaginal and gut microbiota associated with longevity and reproductive performance
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Tsai Tsungcheng , Zuo Bin , Howe Samantha , Farrar Jason E. , Randolph Christopher E. , Maxwell Charles V. , Zhao Jiangchao
Published: January 2025

Background

Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry. Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection, little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.

Results

In this study, we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows, nine of which completed up to four parities (U4P group), exhibiting reproductive longevity. We first identified predictors of sow longevity in the rectum (e.g., Akkermansia) and vagina (e.g., Lactobacillus) of the U4P group using RandomForest in the early breeding stage of the first parity. Interestingly, these bacteria in the U4P group showed decreased predicted KEGG gene abundance involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids. Then, we tracked the longitudinal changes of the microbiome over four parities in the U4P sows. LEfSe analysis revealed parity-associated bacteria that existed in both the rectum and vagina (e.g., Streptococcus in Parity 1, Lactobacillus in Parity 2, Veillonella in Parity 4). We also identified patterns of bacterial change between the early breeding stage (d 0) and d 110, such as Streptococcus, which was decreased in all four parties. Furthermore, sows in the U4P group with longevity potential also showed better reproductive performance. Finally, we discovered bacterial predictors (e.g., Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group) for the total number of piglets born throughout the four parities in both the rectum and vagina.

Conclusions

This study highlights how the rectal and vaginal microbiome in sows with longevity in reproduction changes within four parities. The identification of parity-associated, pregnancy-related, and reproductive performance-correlated bacteria provides the foundation for targeted microbiome modulation to improve animal production.
Investigation of the relationship between number of tweets and USDTRY exchange rate with wavelet coherence and transfer entropy analysis
Authors: Karatas Cengiz , Tuysuz Sukriye , Kucuklerli Kazim Berk , Ulusoy Veysel
Published: January 2025

Predicting the currency exchange rate is crucial for financial agents, risk managers, and policymakers. Traditional approaches use publicly announced news on macroeconomic and financial variables as predictors of currency exchange. However, the rise of social media may have changed the source of information. For instance, tweets can help investors make informed decisions about the foreign exchange (FX) market by reflecting market sentiment and opinion. From another aspect, changes in currency exchange may incite agents to post tweets. Are tweets good predictors of currency exchange? Is the relationship between tweets and currency exchange bidirectional? We investigate the comovement/causality between the number of #dolar (“enflasyon” resp.) tweets and USDTRY currency exchange using wavelet coherence and transfer entropy (TE) to answer these questions. Wavelet coherence allows us to determine the relationship between the number of tweets and the USDTRY rate by considering the time–frequency domain. TE enables us to quantify the net information flow between the number of tweets and USDTRY. Data from October 2020 to March 2022 were used. The obtained results remain robust regardless of the frequency of retained data (daily or hourly) and the methods used (wavelet or TE). Based on our results, USDTRY is correlated with the number of #dolar tweets (#inflation) mainly in the short run and a few times in the medium run. These relationships change through time and frequency (wavelet analysis results). However, the results from TE indicate a bidirectional relationship between the #dolar (#inflation) tweets number and the USDTRY exchange rate. The influence of the exchange rate on the number of tweets is highly pronounced. Financial agents, risk managers, policymakers, and investors should then pay moderate attention to the number of #dolar (#inflation) tweets in trading/forecasting the USD–TRY exchange rate.
ICOs conceptual unveiled: scholarly review of an entrepreneurial finance innovation
Authors: Joshipura Mayank , El Khoury Rim , Alshater Muneer M.
Published: January 2025

This review synthesizes 48 academic studies on Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) from 2018 to 2023, employing bibliometric and content analyses to illuminate their complexities and innovation in entrepreneurial finance. It identifies four key themes: (1) regulatory intricacies, market transformation, and strategic implications for emerging ventures; (2) the opportunities and challenges presented, and key factors influencing the success of ICOs; (3) ICOs and entrepreneurial finance; and finally, (4) review of reviews. By examining the intersection of legal frameworks, disruptive potential, and stakeholder challenges, this interdisciplinary perspective captures the essence of ICOs and charts a course for future inquiry. It serves as a pivotal reference for researchers, practitioners, and regulators to understand the multifaceted ICO landscape and its implications for the future of finance.
Brentuximab Vedotin Combination for Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Bartlett Nancy L. , Hahn Uwe , Kim Won-Seog , Fleury Isabelle , Laribi Kamel , Bergua Juan-Miguel , Bouabdallah Krimo , Forward Nicholas , Bijou Fontanet , MacDonald David , Portell Craig A. , Ghesquieres Herve , Nowakowski Grzegorz , Yasenchak Christopher A. , Patterson Monica , Ho Linda , Rustia Evelyn , Fanale Michelle , Jie Fei , Kim Jeong-A
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

In patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), brentuximab vedotin (BV) as monotherapy or combined with either lenalidomide (Len) or rituximab (R) has demonstrated efficacy with acceptable safety. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of BV + Len + R versus placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL.

METHODS

ECHELON-3 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase 3 trial comparing BV + Len + R with placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL. Patients received BV or placebo once every 3 weeks, Len once daily, and R once every 3 weeks. The primary end point was overall survival (OS), and secondary end points included investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). A prespecified interim analysis was performed after 134 OS events, with two-sided
P
= .0232 as the efficacy boundary.

RESULTS

Patients (N = 230) were randomly assigned to receive BV + Len + R (n = 112) or placebo + Len + R (n = 118). Two patients in the placebo arm did not receive treatment. With a median follow-up of 16.4 months, the median OS was 13.8 months with BV + Len + R versus 8.5 months with placebo + Len + R (hazard ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.89]; two-sided
P
= .009). The median PFS was 4.2 months with BV + Len + R versus 2.6 months with placebo + Len + R (hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.38 to 0.73]; two-sided
P
< .001). The ORR was 64% ([95% CI, 55 to 73]; two-sided
P
< .001) with BV + Len + R and 42% (95% CI, 33 to 51) with placebo + Len + R; complete response rates were 40% and 19%, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) occurred in 97% of patients in both arms. In both arms, the most common treatment-emergent AEs were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and anemia.

CONCLUSION

BV + Len + R demonstrated a statistically significant survival benefit with a manageable safety profile in heavily pretreated patients with R/R DLBCL.
Comparison of PREMM5 and PREMMplus Risk Assessment Models to Identify Lynch Syndrome
Authors: Biller Leah H. , Mittendorf Kate , Horiguchi Miki , Caruso Alyson , Chittenden Anu , Ukaegbu Chinedu , Uno Hajime , Syngal Sapna , Yurgelun Matthew B.
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Clinical risk assessment models can identify patients with hereditary cancer susceptibility, but it is unknown how multigene cancer syndrome prediction models compare with syndrome-specific models in assessing risk for individual syndromes such as Lynch syndrome (LS). Our aim was to compare PREMMplus (a 19-gene cancer risk prediction model) with PREMM5 (a LS gene–specific model) for LS identification.

METHODS

We analyzed data from two cohorts of patients undergoing germline testing from a commercial laboratory (n = 12,020) and genetics clinic (n = 6,232) with personal and/or family histories of LS-associated cancer. Individual PREMMplus and PREMM5 scores were calculated for all patients. Using a score cutoff of

≥

2.5%, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for identifying LS with each model. Overall ability to discriminate LS carriers from noncarriers was measured using receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-AUC.

RESULTS

PREMMplus had higher sensitivity than PREMM5 in the laboratory- (89.2% [95% CI, 84.4 to 93.0]
v
63.7% [95% CI, 57.0 to 70.0]) and clinic-based cohorts (90.5% [95% CI, 84.8 to 94.6]
v
60.8% [95% CI, 52.7 to 68.4]). NPV was ≥98.8% for both models in both cohorts. PREMM5 had superior discriminatory capacity to PREMMplus in the laboratory- (ROC-AUC, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.77 to 0.84]
v
0.71 [95% CI, 0.67 to 0.75]) and clinic-based cohorts (ROC-AUC, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.84]
v
0.68 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.73]).

CONCLUSION

Both PREMM5 and PREMMplus demonstrated high NPVs (>98%) in LS discrimination across all patient cohorts, and both models may be used to identify individuals at risk of LS. The choice of which model to use can be based on the goals of risk assessment and patient population.
The Impact of MRI-Defined Extent of Resection Across Meningioma DNA Methylation Groups: Re-Evaluating Surgery in the Era of Meningioma Molecular Classification
Authors: Morshed Ramin A. , Nguyen Minh P. , Choudhury Abrar , Al-Adli Nadeem N. , Magill Stephen T. , Haddad Alexander F. , Mirchia Kanish , Lucas Calixto-Hope G. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , McDermott Michael W. , Chen William C. , Raleigh David R.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Extent of resection (EOR) is prognostic for meningioma outcomes. DNA methylation profiling can shed light on biological drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities. The goal of this study was to re-evaluate the impact of EOR on clinical outcomes across meningioma DNA methylation groups.

METHODS:

Patients with sporadic meningiomas who underwent resection from a multicenter, international cohort were retrospectively reviewed. Gross vs subtotal resection (GTR vs STR, respectively) was determined based on postoperative MRI. The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank statistics, and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of EOR on local freedom from recurrence (LFFR) and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS:

In total, 587 patients (Male: 195, Female: 392) underwent 644 surgeries for intracranial meningioma (GTR: 438, STR: 206), with 124 surgeries (19.3%) for recurrent intracranial meningiomas. The cohort included 375 (58.2%) World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 1, 202 (31.4%) WHO Grade 2, and 67 (10.4%) WHO Grade 3 meningiomas based on histological criteria. DNA methylation profiling was used to categorize meningiomas as Merlin-intact (N = 214, 33.2%), Immune-enriched (N = 236, 36.6%), or Hypermitotic (N = 194, 30.1%). GTR was associated with longer LFFR across all meningioma DNA methylation groups (Merlin-intact P < .0001; Immune-enriched P = .013; Hypermitotic P = .001) and was associated with longer OS for Hypermitotic meningiomas (P = .0022). In multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses, EOR was significantly associated with LFFR across all DNA methylation groups and WHO grades but was significantly associated with OS only for Hypermitotic meningiomas (hazard ratio [GTR vs STR] 0.64, 95% CI 0.43-0.97, P = .034).

CONCLUSION:

MRI-defined GTR is associated with improved LFFR across all meningioma DNA methylation groups and improved OS for patients with Hypermitotic meningiomas. These data continue to support maximal safe resection when feasible and demonstrate how molecular classification systems complement rather than supersede the prognostic impact of surgery.
Assessment of the level of knowledge, attitude, and preference for myopia management among patients and university students in Trinidad
Authors: Ekemiri Kingsley , Seemongal-Dass Robin , Lawrence Destiny , Oudit Shaina , Ekemiri Chioma , Victor Virgina , C Nsonwu Magnus , Chigozie Ekenze John , Onyebuchi Ike Oforbuike , van Staden Diane , Tekalign Tiwabwork
Published: January 2025

Background Approximately 1.6 billion people worldwide are currently affected by myopia, with estimates suggesting that by 2050, close to half of the global population may experience this condition. Additionally, the prevalence of myopia has been increasing in Trinidad, with rates ranging from 21.5% to 46%. A study has been conducted to determine better patients’ and students’ levels of knowledge, attitudes, and preferences toward the management of myopia in Trinidad. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and preferences for myopia management among a sample of 323 participants, including patients and university students in Trinidad and Tobago, aged 18-40. Participants were randomly selected, and data were gathered using a structured questionnaire administered through telephone interviews for patients and emailed to students. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses, including ANOVA and T-tests, were applied to identify significant associations, with a p-value threshold of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results A total of 317 participants were examined, resulting in a response rate of 98.1%. The average knowledge score of the participants was 12 out of 25. A slight difference was observed in the knowledge scores of males, with a p-value of 0.052. The results also indicated that the majority of the participants had a good attitude score (21.6 out of 30) toward myopia management. Age and gender had a negligible negative correlation (with a coefficient of -0.022 and p-value of 0.692, respectively) with management preference. Conclusion This study reveals critical gaps in knowledge and diverse attitudes toward myopia management among participants, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions. While attitudes are generally positive, age and gender influence preferences for myopia correction, with spectacles and contact lenses being the most preferred methods. These insights can guide healthcare professionals in developing tailored approaches for myopia management in Trinidad and Tobago.
Study protocol: A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for the first-ever foot ulcers in patients with diabetes.
Authors: Y Tao , D Zhang , C MacGilchrist , E Kirwan , YL Liu , C McIntosh
Published: January 2025

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly contributing to mortality and morbidity in this population. Annually, approximately 18.6 million people with DM develop DFUs, with up to 34% experiencing a foot ulcer during their lifetime. DFUs are a leading cause of limb and life-threatening infections, lower limb amputations, and increased hospitalisations. Despite these public health challenges, there is a lack of research focusing on the primary prevention of DFUs, particularly the prevention of first-ever ulceration. Objectives To systematically review and synthesise research evidence and meta-analysis of previous research findings and derive conclusions regarding risk factors for the development of first-ever foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Methods and analysis Four English and three Chinese databases will be utilised to identify eligible studies reporting risk factors for the first-ever foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Two independent researchers will review the literature, extract relevant data, and assess the risk of bias of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for nominal and continuous data will be calculated employing either a fixed-effects or random-effects model based on heterogeneity (I² < 50% for fixed-effects and I² > 50% for random-effects models). All statistical analyses will be conducted using Stata Software Version 16. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42024508855)
Estratégia de conscientização da vacinação para o público infanto-juvenil por meio de um projeto de extensão universitária
Authors: Couto Arnaldo , Azevedo Ferreira Eduarda , Moreira de Oliveira Leiane , De Freitas Oliveira Maria Clara , Fernandes Carvalho Samiris
Published: January 2025

A vacinação infantil teve a maior queda contínua dos últimos 30 anos, sendo cerca de 25 milhões de crianças com suas vacinas atrasadas segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. Isso revela como é fundamental dialogar sobre a importância da vacinação no intuito de sensibilizar a sociedade para uma mudança de comportamento e adesão ao protocolo vacinal. Neste cenário, o projeto de extensão universitária denominado Conscientização da Vacinação Infantojuvenil da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro foi elaborado para intervir no contexto da saúde por meio da abordagem histórica das vacinas e sua relevância na prevenção de doenças. O projeto teve como objetivo promover a conscientização do público em relação à vacinação de crianças e jovens. As ações foram realizadas em diferentes ambientes, como igreja, escola e Organização Não Governamental (ONG), todos situados na região metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para estimular a aprendizagem ativa dos participantes, as atividades foram executadas de forma dinâmica e imersiva, utilizando vídeos, perguntas, palestras, brincadeiras e pintura de um folder elaborado pela equipe do projeto. Em vista dos resultados obtidos, por meio de uma linguagem acessível e ações lúdicas foi possível observar a compreensão da importância do tema abordado promovendo assim a conscientização do público-alvo. Torna-se evidente que as atividades do projeto de extensão possibilitaram a interação da universidade com a comunidade, permitindo integrar conhecimento acadêmico com a sociedade civil.
RÁDIO UERJ E O PROGRAMA IDOSO EM FOCO
Authors: Farias Letícia , De Almeida Ignatiuk Wanderley Sonia Maria , Silva de Avelar Michele , Leite Toda Thalyta Mitsue
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência  do programa “Idoso em Foco”, que compõe a grade da Rádio Uerj, uma webrádio universitária, vinculada ao Centro de Tecnologia Educacional (CTE/Uerj). “Idoso em foco” traz  episódios com temáticas que entrelaçam saúde, cultura, direitos constitucionais e outras questões que dizem respeito à população idosa. Dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas (IBGE) apontam para o crescimento dessa população no Brasil. Portanto, no contexto dos objetivos de uma rádio universitária, essas temáticas tornam-se pautas relevantes para uma formação cidadã e social, tanto dos ouvintes da rádio, quanto da equipe que pensa e elabora o programa. Com um formato dinâmico, estudantes, especialistas, equipe técnica e representantes da população idosa conversam entre si, em uma proposta intergeracional, que assume mais do que um caráter informativo e educativo, com a qual a Rádio Uerj se consolida como um espaço jornalístico e produtor de conteúdo educativo.
Discutindo trends: Como as comunidades virtuais afetam as percepções dos adolescentes do Programa de Trabalho Protegido na Adolescência
Authors: Felippe Guimarães Gomes Maria Morena
Published: January 2025

O artigo analisa como as redes sociais e suas "trends" influenciam as percepções e formações de opinião dos adolescentes do Programa de Trabalho Protegido na Adolescência (PTPA), uma iniciativa da Fundação para Infância e Adolescência (FIA) em parceria com a Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). A adolescência, um período de formação de identidade, é profundamente afetada pelas interações digitais. Através de uma oficina intitulada "Discutindo Trends", os pesquisadores exploraram o reconhecimento e a problematização das "trends" Clean Girl, Tradwife e Red Pill entre os adolescentes. Constatou-se que, embora os jovens reconheçam essas tendências, há uma desconexão entre o consumo dos conteúdos online e a aplicação prática em suas vidas diárias. As redes sociais, apesar de oferecerem um espaço para a construção de identidade, também perpetuam ideologias dominantes que podem alienar os adolescentes das suas realidades materiais. A pesquisa sugere a necessidade de uma educação crítica que ajude os jovens a questionar e compreender melhor os conteúdos digitais que consomem.
VOCÊ NÃO ESCUTOU? ESSE É O SOM DO RIGOR TOMBANDO NO FUNDO DO MAR.
Authors: Terra Barbosa Nathália , Cardin Alfano Raposo Victória , Paula Nico Rego Gonçalves Teresa
Published: January 2025

Em um mergulho por entre o poético e científico, o nosso convite nesse texto é fazer tombar a noção de rigor e deixá-la afundar até o fundo do mar porque bom mesmo é estar debaixo d’água. Sem a pretensão de definir de uma vez por todas o que seria o rigor na pesquisa em educação, nosso texto funciona como um exercício molhado, uma escrita a três, que faz borbulhar e experimenta com essa noção tão cara ao fazer científico em busca de um deslocamento atento ao processo e não tanto enquanto algo apriorístico. Acompanhadas de diferentes autores e linguagens implicados com a abertura a um pensamento diferencial, nós apostamos em uma experimentação com a escrita e com a pesquisa que aqui também se faz com a noção de rigor e para tanto, mergulhamos em três movimentos: o ensaio como operação, o fragmento como deslocamento da escrita e a montagem como procedimento de composição; enquanto um certo modo de nos mantermos no tombo de modo a fazer com que rigor e vigor se confundam.
Beckley, Michael; Brands, Hal. Danger Zone: The Coming Conflict with China. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2022, 246p. ISBN 978–1–324-02130-8 | Beckley, Michael; Brands, Hal. Zona de Perigo: o conflito iminente com a China. Nova York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2022. 246 p. ISBN 978-1-324-02130-8
Authors: Escano Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

O livro aborda a crescente rivalidade entre os Estados Unidos e a China, prevendo um possível conflito num futuro próximo. O principal argumento é de que a China não superará os Estados Unidos como superpotência devido à crise demográfica e a escassez de recursos naturais, bem como o crescimento econômico apoiado em endividamento, e, portanto, pode adotar uma postura mais agressiva para aproveitar a janela de transição de poder antes que ela se feche.
Recebido em: 05 set. 2023 | Aceito em: 07 jan. 2024.
Sobre o surgimento de uma possível geoeconomia decolonial | On the Emergence of a Possible Decolonial Geoeconomics
Authors: S. Araújo Leticia , Santos Azevedo Maria Beatriz , Cunha Leite Alexandre Cesar
Published: January 2025

O objetivo desse artigo é contribuir com os estudos de Geoeconomia ao abordar a perspectiva teórica decolonial. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória que utiliza revisão narrativa de literatura como meio de avaliar o conceito de Geoeconomia e suas evoluções teóricas. Conclui-se que a inclusão de novos atores propostos pela abordagem decolonial é válida e tende a contribuir para uma perspectiva mais inclusiva de atores da cena internacional.
Um mar que vai além das Eólicas Offshore: o papel das energias baseadas no oceano na segurança marítima e energética do Reino Unido e do Brasil | A sea that goes beyond offshore wind power: the role of ocean-based energy in the maritime and energy security of the United Kigdom and Brazil
Authors: Velasco Diogo
Published: January 2025

O problema de pesquisa do presente artigo é compreender qual é o papel das energias das marés e das ondas na segurança marítima e na segurança energética no Reino Unido e no Brasil, pois tais conceitos estão muito relacionados em virtude do aumento da busca e do uso de recursos energéticos no oceano.  O artigo foi elaborado a partir da construção de uma análise documental e comparada sobre os respectivos potenciais e projetos relacionados a energias das marés e das ondas, no que envolve o Reino Unido e o Brasil. Como resultado foi possível compreender que o Reino Unido depende mais do que o Brasil no curto e médio prazo das energias das marés e das ondas para melhorar a segurança energética e a segurança marítima em virtude de algumas questões como os altos níveis de importação de gás e a existência de um grande conflito que pressiona os preços.
Pai contra Mãe, de Machado de Assis, estudo teórico-crítico sobre o negro na literatura brasileira: ensino em foco
Authors: Teixeira de Brito Carvalho Ana Cristina , Lopes de Sousa Antonio Ismael
Published: January 2025

Um dos grandes desafios da docência é a formação de leitores literários. Para alcançar esse objetivo, é necessário planejamento e aplicação de estratégias didáticas sistematizadas, possíveis no cotidiano escolar. Outra questão desafiadora é a introdução de textos clássicos que atraiam a atenção de estudantes da educação básica. O objetivo desse artigo é, portanto, apresentar aos professores de literatura do ensino médio, estratégia de leitura desenvolvida no âmbito da pesquisa de iniciação científica, que leve o estudante a refletir sobre o papel do negro na sociedade brasileira contemporânea, motivados pela literatura canônica. Assim, tomamos como referência o conto de Machado de Assis, Pai contra Mãe. A obra apresenta uma trama que oferece centralidade à situação do negro na sociedade brasileira e que é analisado por meio de uma abordagem teórico-crítica pautada pelo olhar do século XXI, aliando-se aos estudos da Narratologia, Estética da Recepção e a metodologia dos Círculos de Leitura, de Rildo Cosson. A estratégia desenvolvida para a leitura do conto facilita ao aluno melhor compreensão do contexto sociocultural presente, os recursos estéticos geradores de sentido, motivando-o a construir coletivamente novos sentidos advindos de sua experiência de mundo e de leitor e percebendo a importância do passado na compreensão do presente.
Didáctica de la Literatura en los grados de Educación Infantil de España
Authors: Soto Vázquez José , Cáceres Retortillo Miriam , Gutiérrez Gallego José Antonio , Pérez Parejo Ramón , Tena Fernández Ramón
Published: January 2025

En este estudio se analizan las asignaturas relacionadas con la Didáctica de la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil en los grados de maestros en Educación Infantil de las universidades españolas a partir del análisis de datos reflejados en sus planes docentes. Se analizan 58 universidades que imparten este grado. Se examinaron diversos aspectos de las 38 universidades públicas que imparten la asignatura de Literatura Infantil y Juvenil, como por ejemplo el campo de conocimiento al que se adscriben, su carácter obligatorio, el número de créditos asignados, la denominación como asignatura, las editoriales y autores más citados en sus bibliografías o ser una universidad pública o privada. De este análisis meramente descriptivo y cuantitativo se extrajo la conclusión general de que existe cierta homogeneidad en la presentación de las asignaturas. Este hecho puede explicarse en virtud al acuerdo firmado en 2007 en el que España ingresaría al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) para modernizar su sistema de Educación Superior.
Baile floral: uma leitura fantástica do conto “As flores da pequena Ida” de Hans Christian Andersen
Authors: Soncini Gabriela Regina
Published: January 2025

Este artigo pretende realizar uma leitura do conto “As flores da pequena Ida” (1997), do escritor dinamarquês Hans Christian Andersen, através de elementos e apontamentos de estudos acerca da literatura fantástica. Partindo do maravilhoso, o presente estudo tece uma rede de caminhos, permitindo visualizar as flores dançantes como elementos insólitos dentro do conto, que se inicia em um mundo dito real. O maravilhoso presente na narrativa e como se dá a sua manifestação, será pertinente para a análise dessa história, pelo fato dele se revelar em uma realidade conhecida, assumindo outro estado que acontece nas noites dos bailes das flores, longe dos olhos humanos. Todo esse baile floral e vida pulsante das flores com aspectos humanos refletem uma abertura de leituras, devido à incerteza de ter sido sonho, história, imaginação ou verdade na narrativa. “As flores da pequena Ida” permite partir de um lugar de leitura de “contos de fadas artísticos”, oriundos e inspirados nos contos de fadas tradicionais, tal como estabelece Karin Volobuef (2012). Devido à diversidade de elementos presentes nesses contos, nos deparamos com um lugar em que o fantástico e o maravilhoso se encontram, evidenciando que a literatura é carregada de textos que conversam entre si.
Sexualidad y controversias en la literatura infantil: comparativa entre cuentos de sexualidad y LGTBI+
Authors: Obiols Suari Núria , Martínez Gómez Eduardo
Published: January 2025

En este trabajo se considera la temática de la sexualidad en la literatura infantil. La investigación se centra en aquellas obras cuyos contenidos han sido objeto de controversia, fruto del impacto de la cultura de la cancelación, al considerar sus contenidos como no adecuados para la infancia. Se ha realizado un análisis cualitativo de las obras clasificadas en dos categorías: las que tratan sobre sexualidad en general y las específicas sobre el colectivo LGTBI+. Se ha procedido a diseñar un instrumento de análisis, con categorías inductivas, a partir de sus contenidos textuales y visuales. Mediante el programa ATLAS-Ti, dichos contenidos han sido analizados y posteriormente se ha llevado a cabo un estudio comparativo. Los resultados indican que la cultura de la cancelación tiene un impacto considerable, siendo el colectivo LGTBI+ uno de los más cuestionados, que se caracteriza además por sus sucesos argumentales o categorías literarias, entre otras cuestiones.
Escolarização da leitura, formação de leitores e O Diário de Pilar
Authors: Duarte Elaine Cristina Carvalho
Published: January 2025

Refletir sobre a formação de leitores na educação básica é premissa fundamental para a construção de uma educação crítica, autônoma e plural, uma vez que a partir do processo de leitura o indivíduo é capaz de contestar o mundo e discutir criticamente sobre seu papel social. Tendo em vista que a literatura infantojuvenil no Brasil sempre foi escolarizada e reduzida à estudos de gramática e interpretações de texto direcionadas e pouco reflexivas, o texto se propõe a abordar alguns problemas do ensino de literatura no Ensino fundamental e Ensino médio e considerar novas propostas de ensino-aprendizagem de leitura. Como fundamentação teórica o artigo dialoga como questões referentes ao letramento literário discutidos por Magda Soares, Marisa Lajolo e Regina Zilberman, dentre outros autores que discutem sobre o processo escolar de formação de leitores. A partir desse recorte o texto desenvolve uma breve análise da obra infantojuvenil Diário de Pilar, de autoria de Flávia Lins e ilustrações de Joana Penna, com o intuito de apontar possíveis caminhos para um letramento infantojuvenil a partir de textos com esse formato.
Narrativas e identidades no Projeto Pedagógico Closet Literário Móvel
Authors: Vale de Sousa Ivan , da Conceição Pinto Carlos Felipe
Published: January 2025

O espaço da Educação Básica mostra-se amplo com a utilização diversa das narrativas trabalhadas na escola na constituição das identidades literárias centradas em uma pedagogia de respeito à multiplicidade de conhecimento. Nesse sentido, esta abordagem utiliza como objetivos orientadores os seguintes: (i) refletir as identidades literárias construídas no protagonismo infantojuvenil no contexto da escola contemporânea; (ii)  discutir a relevância da leitura literária na formação de leitores críticos e proficientes; (iii) ressignificar a importância das estratégias de leitura literária nos diferentes gêneros textuais da experiência pedagógica e (iv) apresentar o Projeto Pedagógico Closet Literário Móvel desenvolvido nas escolas públicas municipais da cidade de Parauapebas, município localizado no sudeste do estado Pará, a fim de compreender como as identidades literárias contribuem com o processo de alfaletramento de leitores contemporâneos, além de ampliar as políticas de acesso às obras literárias. Assim, utilizamos no presente estudo a metodologia de abordagem teórica com a análise das políticas de leitura realizadas nas escolas municipais e esperamos que estas ponderações reflexivas sirvam de direcionamentos para outras práticas de acessibilidade ao texto literário.
O ritual de origem das coisas e do enigma da vida em “Adão e Eva”, de Machado de Assis e da Arte para jovens, de Luiz Paulo Baravelli: um diálogo interartes e a formação do leitor juvenil
Authors: Veloso Rodrigo Felipe
Published: January 2025

Este artigo propõe uma leitura do conto “Adão e Eva”, de Machado de Assis partindo da história bíblica do ritual da origem e criação das coisas e do homem como partícipe do mundo, uma vez que se pode estabelecer nesse trajeto criativo o diálogo pertinente e produtivo com a arte de Luiz Paulo Baravelli. Sendo assim, da interação entre literatura e arte encontra-se uma simbiose semiótica, pois as diferentes linguagens constrõem um universo novo e transformador que reinterpretam o discurso artístico, haja vista que assinala um percurso de releitura do conto da tradição literária machadiana em sintonia com os quadros reproduzidos na arte para jovens, de Baravelli. Isso ainda implica um olhar do moderno sobre a tradição com função renovadora em comunicação com as mudanças sociais da atualidade, bem como, nesse intento, investiga-se por meio da teoria antropológica dos ritos de passagem descrita por Arnold Van Gennep (2011), o caminho intertextual com o texto biblico e intersemiótico com as pinturas, analisando, sobretudo, os planos de conteúdo e expressão. Entre os autores que fundamentam esta pesquisa, destacam-se Antonio Candido (1977), Roberto Schwarz (2000), Clauss Cluver (1997), e outros.