bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguagem (des)contextualizada, matemática e lógica Desempenho dos alunos na lógica formal e relação com a sua língua e classe social
Authors: Guambe Ribas , Mutemba Balbina , Matavele Hilária
Published: January 2021

Moçambique é uma sociedade multilingue e, consequentemente multicultural, com mais de 40 línguas nativas. Excluindo o Português e poucas de poucos imigrantes todas elas são línguas Bantu. Segundo o Censo Geral de 1997, somente 6,5% da população tinha o Português como língua mãe e, como primeira língua e destes 14% tinham idade inferior a 50 anos, e só 2.1% tinha 50 ou mais anos de idade.Apesar deste panorama a língua de ensino em Moçambique é o Português, mesmo sabido que apenas menos de 5% de crianças ingressam na Escola sabendo comunicar nesta língua. As línguas dominantes no local onde a  pesquisa foi desenvolvida são: Ci-Changana, Ci-Ronga e Ci-Tshwa, as quais são, mutuamente, entendíveis entre os falantes.O objectivo da pesquisa é (i) explorar o entendimento do estudante ao simbolismo algébrico, linguagem abstracta e lógica e (ii) relacionar este entendimento com o sucesso escolar na disciplina de matemática com a sua condição  socio-económica e linguística.Para delimitar a área de estudo foram colocadas as seguintes questões de pesquisa: (1) quais são as estratégias preferidas pelos alunos quando resolvem problemas baseados na lógica em relação ao seu estatuto sócio-económico e linguístico? (2) em particular: Como é que a língua materna e o estatuto sócio-económico estão associados ao raciocínio e procedimentos dos alunos?Como orientação teórica a pesquisa apoiu-se na abordagem discursiva de aprendizagem de matemática.O presente artigo pretende, apoiado na etnomatemática, discutir a relação entre o raciocínio e os procedimentos dos alunos e a sua ligação com a sua língua materna e estatuto socio-económico.
CAPITAL SOCIAL NO CONTEXTO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Junior Valdir Serafim , De Grandi Adriana Maria , Besen Fabíola Graciele , Coltre Sandra Maria , Araújo Tercio Vieira de
Published: January 2021

objetivo do estudo é identificar as características da produção científica de teses e dissertações sobre Capital Social no contexto da Agricultura Familiar durante o período de 2014 a 2019. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como descritiva e bibliométrica e os dados foram extraídos de dissertações e teses publicados na base de dados da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD. Foram analisadas as regiões mais estudadas, instituições e programas de pós-graduação, palavras-chave e referencial sobre Capital Social, amostras, objetivos e conclusões. Identificou-se, conforme os resultados que o ano de 2014 teve o maior número de estudos, regionalmente estão concentrados no Nordeste, Centro Oeste e Sudeste brasileiro, destaque para dos estados de Goiás, Ceará e Minas Gerais. As pesquisas sobre o tema capital social e agricultura familiar se mostraram interdisciplinares, foram objeto de estudo em nove áreas de conhecimento, com destaque para as áreas de agronegócio, economia rural e geografia, e quase a totalidade das IES identificadas são públicas e federais, com programas de pós-graduação com notas de avaliação pela Capes conceito 4 e 5.
Amor, coragem! dilemas e possibilidades na relação com estudantes em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Sales Shirlei Rezende , Evangelista Gislene Rangel
Published: January 2021

Dentre as iniciativas de compreensão dos desafios do presente, desenvolveu-se a pesquisa Docência na Educação Básica em Tempo de Pandemia. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário. Dentre as informações produzidas, no presente artigo analisamos aquelas referentes à relação com as/os estudantes. A pandemia impôs uma série de desafios para a escola em que a relação com as/os estudantes foi comprometida. Mesmo diante das adversidades, defendemos que há caminhos possíveis para a construção de práticas curriculares adaptadas às novas exigências.
Docência em tempos de Covid-19: uma análise das condições de trabalho em meio a pandemia
Authors: Barbosa Duarte Alexandre William , Moreira Hypólito Álvaro Luiz
Published: January 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 coloca a tarefa educativa diante de novo desafio, em que o ensino remoto se torna realidade no País. Apresentamos os principais resultados da pesquisa Trabalho Docente em Tempos de Pandemia, desenvolvida pelo Gestrado/UFMG, sobre as condições de trabalho que professores(as) têm experimentado na educação básica pública do Brasil. Os resultados apontam que os limites materiais ao trabalho docente expoem a fragilidade dos sistemas de ensino que tentam responder com eficiência uma situação emergencial.
Novas formas de privatização da gestão educacional no Brasil: as corporações e o uso das plataformas digitais
Authors: Adrião Theresa , Domiciano Cassia Alessandra
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo analisamos a adoção de ferramentas digitais por sistemas estaduais públicos de ensino, compreendendo tal ação como uma forma de privatização da gestão da educação básica. A partir dos dados da pesquisa Análise do mapeamento das estratégias de privatização da educação básica no Brasil: atores, programas e consequências para a educação pública, financiada pela FAPESP (processo 2019/12230-7) e de consultas ao site Educação e Coronavírus, encontramos a presença da plataforma Google For Education nas redes estaduais de ensino com crescimento de 150% do período de 2005-2018 para 2020, mostrando a capilaridade desta plataforma nas redes educacionais.
Future-se: uma obsessão governamental contra a autonomia universitária?
Authors: Amaral Nelson Cardoso
Published: January 2021

Este estudo apresenta uma análise do Programa Universidades e Institutos Empreendedoras e Inovadoras – Future-se, apresentado pelo Governo Federal ao Congresso Nacional em julho de 2020. A análise se realiza sob a ótica dos artigos 207 e 211 da Constituição Federal de 1988 e do artigo 55 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, LDB, de 1996. O estudo procura compreender a origem das ações governamentais que objetivam destruir uma das conquistas históricas da educação brasileira: a autonomia universitária. São apresentadas diversas questões ao longo do texto que, se respondidas, poderão estabelecer um caminho para a sociedade brasileira intervir, nos próximos anos, nesse processo de “desconstrução/desfazimento” em curso no Brasil.
Criterios para planificar transporte masivo en ciudades intermedias de Colombia: ¿Cómo complementar y mejorar la política actual?
Authors: Basnak Paul , Giesen-Encina Ricardo , Muñoz-Abogabir Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se proponen, sobre la base de un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo dos enfoques para recomendar la planificación de transporte masivo. A diferencia del documento 3167 del Consejo Nacional de Política Económica y Social (CONPES) que recomendó impulsar la planificación y construcción de sistemas de transporte masivo en ciudades de Colombia exclusivamente en base a la población, los dos enfoques propuestos incorporan variables adicionales que son determinantes de un mayor uso de transporte público. El primero es una combinación lineal de características sociodemográficas de las ciudades, que considera otras variables relevantes como Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), forma urbana y motorización, denominado “puntaje urbano”. El segundo se basa en la demanda existente en los sistemas de transporte público, ponderada por la densidad de viajes y la distancia recorrida, llamado “densidad potencial de demanda”. Si bien la evidencia estadística es escasa, ambos indicadores predicen de mejor manera la demanda en corredores existentes.
Sustainable long-term value creation: New finance focus for boards of directors
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: January 2021

The major research question of this paper is how boards of directors’ practices and performance can facilitate the new finance focus on sustainable, long-term value creation. This new finance focus presents opportunities to strengthen corporate performance which enhances the gatekeeper role of boards of directors in helping both shareholders and stakeholders. The following topics are discussed and analyzed in this paper: potential examples, strategic analysis, sustainability analysis, and the circular economy. We discovered several guiding principles based on previous literature, regulatory proposals, and industry practices. Effective boards of directors need to be engaged in sustainable strategy formation and make sure long-term sustainable value creation continues to develop and does not erode. They need to have relevant industry knowledge, diverse expertise, and a proclivity for thinking independently in both good times and bad times, such as the coronavirus pandemic. They also need to develop a clear understanding of sustainable business strategies and how long-term value is created and driven through innovation and the deployment of resources. In addition, we find that boards can assess and monitor ways to measure and manage long-term value creators and drivers and encourage their companies to become involved in the circular economy with its $4.5 trillion investment opportunities. Future research could use case studies and board interviews to investigate boards of directors’ practices and performance, concerning how boards have helped develop strategies and procedures to facilitate this new finance focus on long-term sustainable value creation.
Giving-up diversity (GUDiv): top-down effects of foraging decisions on local, landscape and regional biodiversity of resources
Authors: Eccard Jana , Ferreira Clara , Arce Andres Peredo , Dammhahn Melanie
Published: January 2021

Foraging by consumers has direct effects on the community of their
resource species, and may serve as a biotic filtering mechanism of
diversity. Determinants of foraging behaviour may thus have cascading
effects on abundance, diversity, and functional trait composition of the
resource community. Here we propose giving-up diversity (GUDiv) as a
novel concept and simple measure to quantify community effects of
foraging at multiple spatial diversity scales. GUDiv provides a
framework linking theories of adaptive foraging behaviour with community
ecology. In experimental resource landscapes we showcase effects of
patch residency of foraging wild rodents on α-GUDiv, ß-GUDiv and γ-
GUDiv, and on functional trait composition of resources. Using GUDiv
allows for prediction-based investigation of cascading indirect
predation effects (ecology of fear) across multiple trophic levels, of
feedbacks between functional trait composition of resource and consumer
communities, and of effects of inter-individual differences among
foragers on the diversity of resource communities.
Mechanisms of improving coastal saline-alkali soil by periphyton
Authors: Zhu Ye , Shao Tianyun , Zhou Yujie , Gao Xiumei , Long Xiaohua , Rengel Zed
Published: January 2021

Periphyton plays an indispensable role in coastal saline-alkali land,
but its function is poorly understood. Soil physical and chemical
properties (pH value, salinity, soil organic matter), enzyme activity
and microbial diversity (based on 16s rDNA, ITS and functional genes)
were measured in periphyton formed on rice-growing coastal saline-alkali
soil modified by a new type of soil conditioner. The results showed that
the content of organic matter and catalase activity in periphyton were
significantly higher than in the unplanted control soil. Soil pH and
salinity were decreased in periphyton compared to the unplanted control
soil. Based on the relative abundance, bacterial genera
Desulfomicrobium, Rhodobacter, cyanobacterium_scsio_T−2, Gemmatimonas,
and Salinarimonas as well as fungal genus Fusarium were more abundant in
periphyton than the unplanted control soil. In terms of functional
genes, the cbbM and cbbL sequencing showed higher abundance of
Hydrogenophaga, Rhodovulum, Magnetospira, Leptothrix, and
Thiohalorhabdus, whereas the nifH sequencing indicated higher abundance
of Cyanobacteria in the periphyton compared to the unplanted soil. The
relative abundance and community structure of soil microorganisms were
improved by periphyton, thus reducing soil salinity and pH, increasing
soil organic matter and enzyme activity. This indicated that the
periphyton can improve the conditions and offer a suitable environment
for plant growth in coastal saline-alkali soil.
Implementation of a telemedicine service during COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Nagra Muhammad Haneef , Ehsan Sumaira , Ahmed Umair , Ali Majid , Hussain Hafiz Amjad , Bakar Abu
Published: January 2021

Aim: In this feasibility study, we aimed to implement a pilot
telemedicine service at our healthcare facility in Faisalabad, Pakistan,
and describe our experience. Methods: Telemedicine service was
established by Faisalabad Medical University at two of its affiliated
locations: 1) A 24-hour COVID-19 Telephone Helpline was established at
Director Emergency Office, Allied Hospital and District Headquarter
(DHQ) Hospital. 2) A Telemedicine Clinic comprising consultants and
postgraduate residents from different specialties was established at
Chief Office, Allied Hospital. The data related to the number and
categories of calls and advice provided was collected from 27th March
2020 till 31st July 2020. Results: A total of 4582 calls were received,
at both locations, during the study period, out of which 2325 callers
(51%) were male, and 2257 (49%) were females. At Allied Hospital, 172
patients were advised accordingly for their complaints, whereas, at DHQ
Hospital, 320 patients were advised accordingly for their complaints. At
the telemedicine clinic only, a total of 2436 calls were received during
the study period, 1474 (60%) callers were male, and 962 (40%) were
female. The majority of the calls were received by medicine (43%),
dermatology (21%), and pediatrics (11%) specialties, respectively.
Conclusion: Despite some limitations, the benefits of telemedicine in
this COVID-19 era are enormous and it is feasible to implement
telemedicine services in developing countries. The developing countries
must invest in the internet and technology access to facilitate
telemedicine and other e-health services for not only curbing this
pandemic but also to promote a more efficient healthcare system after
the pandemic.
REMISSION OF A CASE OF MULTIPLE HYMENOPTERA STINGS-ASSOCIATED CHRONIC URTICARIA DURING VENOM IMMUNOTHERPY
Authors: Dubini Marco , Pravettoni Valerio , Rivolta Federica , Segatto Giulia , Asero Riccardo , Montano Nicola
Published: January 2021

The role of Immunotherapy in Chronic Urticaria is unclear, except for
isolated circumstances. Hymenoptera sting causes acute urticaria and no
report of CU after Hymenoptera sting can be found in the literature. We
describe a case of onset of CU after multiple wasp stings that remitted
during venom immunotherapy.
What is the role of sporadic phloem sap nitrate?
Authors: Cui Jing , Peuke Andreas D. , Limami Anis , Tcherkez Guillaume
Published: January 2021

Since the first description of phloem sap composition nearly 60 years
ago, it is generally assumed that phloem sap does not contain nitrate
and that there is little or no backflow of nitrate from shoots to roots.
While it is true that nitrate can occasionally be absent from phloem
sap, there is now substantial evidence that phloem can carry nitrate and
furthermore, transporters involved in nitrate redistribution to shoot
sink organs and roots have been found. This raises the question of why
nitrate may or may not be present in phloem sap, why its concentration
is generally kept low, and whether plant shoot-root nutrient cycling
also involves nitrate. We propose here that phloem sap nitrate is not
only an essential component of plant nutritional signaling but also
contributes to physical properties of phloem sap and as such, its
concentration is controlled to ensure proper coordination of plant
development and nutrient transport.
Pavle Popovic
Authors: Pantic Miroslav
Published: January 2021

The article presents the opening chapter of Miroslav Pantic?s monograph on
Pavle Popovic (Chapter One, which has remained unpublished). Based on a
thorough study of the recorded material, the monograph is a broad overview
of Pavle Popovic?s ancestry; it emphasises that Branko Radicevic was his
paternal relative, while his maternal grandfather was Stefan Markovic, an
esteemed writer of that period and member of The Society of Serbian Letters.
All members of his nuclear family are described, especially the writer
Bogdan Popovic and the diplomat Dimitrije Popovic, who later on studied
Serbian diplomatic history. The years spent in second?ary school (as a
student of the First Belgrade Grammar School, he was a member of the Nada
student company) are described, as well as his earliest interest in science
and meetings with the professors whose influence on him was visible later in
his life (Ivan Djaja, Andra Nikolic and Svetislav Vulovic). The period
Popovic spent as a student at the Department of History and Philology of
Belgrade Higher School?s Faculty of Philosophy is described in detail,
mostly on the basis of Pavle Popovic?s personal reminiscences.
The first attempt to print Danilo’s Collection
Authors: Todic Branislav
Published: January 2021

The interest in the Collection of Hagiographies of Serbian Kings and
Archbishops by Archbishop Danilo II (1324-1337) increased sharply in the
18th century, when it began to be used as a historical source, as well.
Thus, at the beginning of the 18th century, it was used for the first time
by Count Djordje Brankovic in the Slavo-Serbian Chronicles, while the first
attempts to print it appeared in the second half of that century. The
initiator was Timotej Jovanovic, prohegumen of the Chilandar Monastery, and
it was a part of his ambitious plan to publish the old liturgical texts of
Serbian saints, primarily of Chilandar founders. In 1780, he and his monk
brother, hieromonk Teodosije, copied and edited Danilo?s Collection
according to an older manuscript from 1553. Their copy (the Library of the
Serbian Patriarchate, MS 45) is formed as a ?spiegel?, i.e. a prepared
version for a printed book. In relation to the earlier copies of the
Collection, the composition and content of the text were considerably
changed. It was undoubtedly expected that the printed version of the book
would be available to the diverse readership, who needed the text to be
closer to them considering its language, style, and even its changed
content. The printing of Danilo?s Collection was delayed due to the
financial troubles in Chilandar and the death of Timotej Jovanovic in March
1781. The prepared manuscript was therefore handed over to Aleksa Kojic, a
merchant from Osijek, so that he could try to find money for its
publication. It is not known how hard Kojic worked on that. In the meantime,
the History of Jovan Rajic was published (1794), in which there were many
quotations from Danilo?s Collection that aroused great interest among the
European scolars of that time and actualized the need to publish the
integral work of Archbishop Danilo. Metropolitan Stefan Stratimirovic
(1790-1836), a lover of philology and history, took on the publication of
Danilo?s Collection, but when he received the manuscript of Timotej and
Teodosije from Kojic in 1803 and compared it with an older copy, he found
that it deviated much from the original. Therefore, he asked for a copy from
1553 to be sent to him from Chilandar, which the Chilandarians promised him
as early as the beginning of 1804. That year, however, the Serbian uprising
began, which completely occupied Metropolitan Stratimirovic, and put his
literary and historical preoccu?pations on the back burner.
Poetess Amelija, the secret love of Mileta Jaksic
Authors: Peric Djordje
Published: January 2021

Analysing the early love poetry by the renowned Serbian poet Mileta Jaksic
Lenski (1869-1935), literary historians have noticed that it was written for
a mysterious darling whom he never named but rather addressed in his verses
as ?bud?, ?flower? and ?little flower?. While conducting fieldwork in
Belgrade, the author of this article met the daughter of the forgotten
Serbian poetess Smiljka Stanimirovic-Amelija (1877-1962), who shared with
him her own mem?ories of her mother and the preserved manuscript of her
poems with accompanying documents, revealing that Amelija indeed was the
anonymous love of young Jaksic, his ?undestined fianc?e?.
A biography of vojvoda Stepa Stepanovic by Dragutin S. Milutinovic
Authors: Opsenica Dragoslav
Published: January 2021

In this contribution, we publish a biography of vojvoda Stepa Stepanovic,
written by Divisional General Dragutin S. Milutinovic. The author wrote this
paper in December 1939. based on personal memory, observations, documents
and newspaper articles. About vojvoda Stepa Stepanovic, one of Serbia?s most
celebrated military officials, there is extensive literature, mostly
affirmative by its character. This biography is a different type and is of
importance to our history.
Management Accountants' Empathy and Their Violation of Fiduciary Duties: A Replication and Extension Study Using fMRI
Authors: Slapničar Sergeja , Ličen Mina , Hartmann Frank G. H. , Ozimič Anka Slana , Repovš Grega
Published: January 2021

Research shows that management accountants' role to support business unit managers' decision-making may cause them to succumb to managers' pressures to misreport. Using electroencephalographic (EEG) evidence, Eskenazi, Hartmann, and Rietdijk (2016) demonstrate the role of automatic emotional mimicry, which drives misreporting when managers' personal interest is at stake, but not when BU interest is at stake. In this study, we aim to replicate this finding using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which enables us to separate affective from cognitive empathy. Thirty accounting professionals completed an emotion observation task during which empathy-related brain activity was recorded. We then explore accountants' inclination to misreport using empathy-invoking accounting scenarios. We find that the inclination to misreport correlates with activation of cognitive empathy regions, but only for scenarios in which accountants misreport to serve business unit's interests, rather than managers' personal interests. We find no evidence for a role of affective empathy.

Data Availability: Data are available upon request from the corresponding author.

JEL Classifications: M41; D87.
Building Biomimetic Potency Tests for Islet Transplantation
Authors: Glieberman Aaron L. , Pope Benjamin D. , Melton Douglas A. , Parker Kevin Kit
Published: January 2021

Diabetes is a disease of insulin insufficiency, requiring many to rely on exogenous insulin with constant monitoring to avoid a fatal outcome. Islet transplantation is a recent therapy that can provide insulin independence, but the procedure is still limited by both the availability of human islets and reliable tests to assess their function. While stem cell technologies are poised to fill the shortage of transplantable cells, better methods are still needed for predicting transplantation outcome. To ensure islet quality, we propose that the next generation of islet potency tests should be biomimetic systems that match glucose stimulation dynamics and cell microenvironmental preferences and rapidly assess conditional and continuous insulin secretion with minimal manual handing. Here, we review the current approaches for islet potency testing and outline technologies and methods that can be used to arrive at a more predictive potency test that tracks islet secretory capacity in a relevant context. With the development of potency tests that can report on islet secretion dynamics in a context relevant to their intended function, islet transplantation can expand into a more widely accessible and reliable treatment option for individuals with diabetes.
Effects of Vitamin C Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Mason Shaun A. , Keske Michelle A. , Wadley Glenn D.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests that vitamin C supplementation could be a potential therapy in type 2 diabetes. However, its effectiveness and evidence quality require further evaluation.

PURPOSE

To investigate the efficacy of oral vitamin C supplementation in improving glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and oxidative stress in people with type 2 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

Databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library) and clinical trial registries were searched for randomized controlled trials up to 8 September 2020.

STUDY SELECTION

Trials in adults with type 2 diabetes were included. Trials were excluded if supplements were not exclusive to vitamin C and if <2 weeks in duration.

DATA EXTRACTION

Primary outcomes were HbA1c, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure (BP). Data were extracted for changes in outcomes between vitamin C and control groups. Evidence certainty was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods.

DATA SYNTHESIS

Twenty-eight studies (N = 1,574 participants) were included in the review. Outcomes that changed to a statistically and clinically significant extent with vitamin C were systolic BP (mean difference −6.27 [95% CI −9.60, −2.96] mmHg; P = 0.0002), with moderate evidence certainty, and HbA1c (−0.54% [−0.90, −0.17]; P = 0.004) and diastolic BP (−3.77 [−6.13, −1.42] mmHg; P = 0.002) with very low evidence certainty.

LIMITATIONS

Studies were predominantly short term (<6 months) with a small number of participants (n < 100).

CONCLUSIONS

While evidence from short-term studies suggests that vitamin C supplementation may improve glycemic control and BP in people with type 2 diabetes, vitamin C supplementation cannot currently be recommended as a therapy until larger, long-term, and high-quality trials confirm these findings.
Tiedetapahtumakysely
Authors: Tiedonjulkistamisen neuvottelukunta  , Takala Sara , Kettunen Reetta
Published: January 2021

Suomalainen tutkimusyhteisö järjestää vuosittain useita erilaisia tiedeviestinnän ja tiedekasvatuksen tapahtumia. Tämän kyselyn tarkoituksena oli koota tietoa tiedetapahtumista, niiden järjestämisestä, kohdeyleisöistä ja tavoitteista sekä kartoittaa järjestämiseen liittyviä haasteita.
Tiedetapahtumakysely on osa Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunnan (TSV) ja Tiedonjulkistamisen neuvottelukunnan (TJNK) yhteistä Selvitystyö ja suosituksia tiedekasvatuksen tueksi -hanketta. Hankkeen rahoittaa opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö. Hankkeessa on kolme asiakokonaisuutta:
1. Tiedetapahtumien kartoittaminen2. Suositukset tiedekasvatuksen edistämiseksi3. Toimenpideohjelma tieteellisten seurojen roolin tukemiseksi tiedekasvatuksessa
Tiedetapahtumien selvitystyö on hankkeen ensimmäinen julkaisu. Se tarjoaa perustietoa Suomessa järjestettävistä tiedetapahtumista ja antaa pohjatietoa tiedekasvatuksen suositusten ja toimenpideohjelman laatimiselle.
Suomessa järjestetään paljon erilaisia tieteen, tutkijoiden ja yleisön kohtaamisia. Tiedetapahtumien järjestäminen on luontainen osa tutkimuksen tekoa ja tieteestä viestimistä. Tapahtumia järjestetään usein ”talkoohengessä”. Ajassa, jossa tiedettä haastetaan ja meiltä jokaiselta vaaditaan yhä parempaa media- ja tiedelukutaitoa, tiedetapahtumat ovat omiaan lisäämään tieteen ja tutkimuksen läsnäoloa arjessamme. Tiedetapahtuma on luonteeltaan oppimistapahtuma, sanan laajassa merkityksessä ymmärrettynä. Tiedetapahtumat ovat osa tiedekasvatusta ja elinikäistä tiedeoppimista. Onnistuneessa tiedetapahtumassa yleisö, järjestäjät ja esiintyjät rakentavat yhteistä ymmärrystä siitä, miten tiede ja tutkimus vaikuttavat yhteiskunnassa ja meidän jokaisen arjessa. Samalla yhteiskunnan käytössä oleva tiedepääoma ja luottamus tiedettä kohtaan kasvavat. Tiede kuuluu kaikille.
Neumanns verden
Authors: Hvidsten Andreas
Published: January 2021

Andreas Hvidsten (MF vitenskapelig høyskole) anmelder Concepts of International Relations, for Students and Other Smarties, av Iver B. Neumann (University of Michigan Press, 2019).
Abstract in English:Neumann's WorldAndreas Hvidsten (Norwegian School of Theology, Religion and Society) reviews Concepts of International Relations, for Students and Other Smarties, by Iver B. Neumann (University of Michigan Press, 2019).
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Berbantu Media Audio Visual Berbasis Animasi Flash untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Cerita Kelas III SDN
Authors: Alfianto Denis Yulian
Published: January 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran serta keterampilan menulis karangan sederhana melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture berbantu media audio visual berbasis video animasi flash pada siswa kelas III SDN Kalipucang Wetan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Langkah kegiatan tiap siklus dalam penelitian terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SDN Kalipucang Wetan yang berjumlah 15 siswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah proses dan hasil dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di kelas III SDN Kalipucang Wetan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture berbantu media audio visual berbasis video animasi flash. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes dan observasi. Teknik analisis data berupa analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan proses pembelajaran serta keterampilan menulis karangan sederhana melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe picture and picture berbantu media audio visual berbasis video animasi flash pada siswa kelas III SDN Kalipucang Wetan. Hasil menulis karangan sederhana menunjukkan pada pra siklus jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM hanya 4 siswa atau 26,70%. Jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM meningkat pada siklus I yaitu mencapai 10 siswa atau sebesar 66,70% dan kembali meningkat pada siklus II yaitu mencapai 14 siswa atau 93,33%. Jumlah peningkatan siswa yang mencapai KKM pada pra siklus dan siklus II meningkat sebanyak 10 siswa atau 66,70%. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran di kelas juga meningkat. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan siswa lebih bersemangat, antusias, dan aktif dalam mengikuti pembelajaran menulis. Selain itu, siswa juga menjadi lebih termotivasi untuk menulis karangan.
PREFERENSI TIKUS SAWAH (RATTUS-RATTUS ARGENTIVENTER) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP POLA KERUSAKAN PADI VARIETAS DODOKAN DAN CIANJUR
Authors: Solikhin Solikhin , Purnomo Purnomo
Published: January 2021

Paddyfield Rat (Rattus-rattus argentiventer) Preference and Its Impact on The Damage Pattern of Dodokan and Cianjur Rice Cultivar.  A field experiment was conducted during the dry season of 2006 in Central Lampung to evaluate the preference of  paddyfield rat (Rattus-rattus argentiventer) to Dodokan and Cianjur rice cultivars in the rice field and its impact on the damage pattern caused by the rat’s attack. The experiment of  six treatments and 3 replications were arranged in a randomized completely block design.  Each treatment consisted of two rice cultivars i.e. Cisadane and Dodokan.  Dodokan cultivar was planted in centre of each experimental unit, surrounded by Cianjur, forming six different patterns (formations) as treatment. All experimental units then were exposed to natural paddyfield rat population.  Weekly observations on both cultivars were made to record the damage caused by the rat from 30 to 84 day after transplanting.   Aerial view of all treatments  were also taken at 84 days after transplanting (a week prior to harvest). The result showed that the paddyfield rat significantly prefered Dodokan rice cultivar to  Cianjur.  Eventually, the preference of the rat influenced the damage pattern of Dodokan rice cultivar, showed by some unique aerial views of the plot.
VIRULENSI SEJUMLAH ISOLAT XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PV GLYCINES ASAL EDAMAME PADA TIGA VARIETAS KEDELAI
Authors: Khaeruni R Andi , Tjahjono Budi , Suwanto Antonius , S. Sinaga Meity
Published: January 2021

Virulence of some Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Isolates from Edamame on Three Soybean Varieties. Bacterial pustul disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is the most important bacterial disease in soybean cultivation worldwide including in Edamame cultivation in Indonesia. Information of virulence level of this pathogen in Edamame unknown yet. The objective of this research was to evaluate the virulence level of 29 X. axonopodis pv. glycines isolates from Edamame on three soybean varieties (Wilis, Orba and Edamame). The result showed that four isolates (JA7,JA8, JB4 and JB7) were hight virulent. The isolates also have faster laten priodic, higher disease severity as well as the rate epidemic increase in Edamame variety than in both Wilis and Orba varieties.
EVALUASI KOMBINASI ISOLAT TRICHODERMA MIKOPARASIT DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT AKAR PUTIH PADA BIBIT KARET
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi
Published: January 2021

Evaluation of mycoparasitic Trichoderma isolate mixtures to control white root disease on rubber seedlings.  Eight isolates of mycoparasitic Trichoderma, as single cultures or in isolate mixtures were tested for their biocontrol efficacy against rubber seedlings inoculated with one of three strains of Rigidoporus lignosus. Biocontrol efficacy of isolates was varied, but not significantly affected by strains of R. lignosus. Mixtures of four isolates were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the disease severity and percentage of root necrotic as compared to mixtures of two isolates as well as single isolates.  The highest disease suppression (65% relative to control) and reduction of inocula on rubber wood sticks (91% relative to control) was achieved in four isolate mixtures of Trichoderma virens (T1+T4+ T9+ T11).
MODIFIKASI MESIN ROASTING BIJI KOPI MEREK WILIAM EDISON TIPE W600I (STUDI KASUS PADA JAVA SUMEDANG COFFEE, KABUPATEN SUMEDANG, JAWA BARAT)
Authors: Thoriq Ahmad , Sugandi Wahyu K , Yusuf Asep , Imaduddin Luthfie Hafidz
Published: January 2021

Beberapa kelemahan mesin penyangrai William Eddison W600i antara lain  tekanan gas bahan bakar tidak terkontrol, dan sistem pengeluaran asap (exhaust) yang tidak optimal menghisap asap dan kulit sekam kopi pada ruang penyangrai. Permasalahan tersebut berimplikasi pada biji kopi sangrai yang masih mengandung asap (smoky). Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan modifikasi dan uji kinerja terhadap mesin penyangrai William Eddison W600i. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan rekayasa untuk memodifikasi exhaust fan mesin penyangrai biji kopi. Data hasil pengujian mesin dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata suhu pada ruang penyangrai sebelum modifikasi sebesar 217,11oC, kadar air 2,42%, laju penyangraian 0,09%/menit, efisiensi penyangraian sebesar 18,55, kulit sekam sisa penyangraian 4,6g, konsumsi bahan bakar 0,5 kg/jam. Sedangkan rata-rata suhu pada ruang penyangrai sesudah modifikasi sebesar 212,11oC, kadar air 2,44%, laju penyangraian 0,08%/menit, efisiensi penyangraian sebesar 18,36, kulit sekam sisa penyangraian 3,4g, konsumsi bahan bakar 0,5 kg/jam. Kata kunci : biji kopi, mesin penyangrai, modifikasi mesin
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT OTOMASI MITER GATE PADA SALURAN IRIGASI DENGAN TEKNOLOGI PUSH NOTIFICATIONS
Authors: Ardiansah Irfan , Bafdal Nurpilihan , Asmara Sandi
Published: January 2021

Pintu air Leonardo da Vinci Miter Gate memiliki desain yang dianggap efektif menahan air. Adanya perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat menjadikan push technology mudah diterapkan dalam sistem yang terintegrasi dengan internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat otomasi pintu air irigasi menggunakan model Leonardo da Vinci Miter Gate dan pengiriman informasi melalui push technology. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui lima tahapan yaitu: studi literatur, rancangan fungsional, rancangan struktural, analisis teknik, dan pengujian sistem otomasi dengan menggunakan Arduino UNO, Sensor ultrasonic HC-SR04, Motor Servo dan Router sebagai perangkat utama dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rekayasa dan menghasilkan purwarupa saluran irigasi dan pintu air model Leonardo da Vinci Miter Gate dan integrasi dengan perangkat otomasi berhasil menghasilkan informasi yang dapat dibaca pengguna melalui layer LCD ataupun melalui smartphone. Temuan dari hasil pengujian adalah terjadinya kebocoran pada pintu sebesar 5-8% dari debit inlet. Pada rancangan fungsional sensor, aktuator dan pemantauan data ketinggian muka air berjalan sesuai dengan skrip yang ditulis dan menghasilkan rata-rata penerimaan notifikasi selama 3 detik setelah pengiriman informasi. Kata Kunci: Arduino UNO. Leonardo Da Vinci, miter gate, push notification
PENGAMATAN KUALITAS CPO PADA STORAGE TANK DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SISTEM PENGADUKAN PADA BERBAGAI VARIASI TEMPERATUR
Authors: Renjani Rengga Arnalis , Sugiarto Riki , Dharmawati Nuraeni Dwi
Published: January 2021

Penurunan mutu Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dapat terjadi selama penyimpanan di storage tank dan ketika proses pengiriman, oleh adanya reaksi oksidasi dan reaksi hidrolisis sehingga menurunkan suhu CPO selama penyimpanan. Suhu dipenyimpanan CPO yang tidak terkontrol dengan baik, sering kali menjadi penyebab terjadinya penurunan mutu CPO di dalam storage tank. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas CPO produksi selama penyimpanan pada berbagai variasi suhu dan pengadukan. Parameter yang diamati dan dianalisis dari proses penyimpanan CPO di storage tank terdiri dari: waktu penyimpanan, variasi suhu, dan penambahan sistem pengaduk atau agitator. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak dua kali sehari, sedangkan parameter yang diamati yaitu Asam Lemak Bebas (ALB), kadar kotoran, dan  kadar air. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem pengadukan dapat memperlambat kenaikan ALB dibandingkan dengan sistem penyimpanan konvensional. Kenaikan kandungan ALB CPO pada penyimpanan konvensional sebesar 0,13% per hari, sedangkan ALB sistem penyimpanan dengan pengadukan hanya menaikkan ALB CPO sebesar 0,05% per hari. Berdasarkan penelitian ini temperatur yang optimum untuk mempertahankan kualitas CPO adalah 50 oC. Kata Kunci: agitator, asam lemak bebas, crude palm oil, storage tank, temperatur
Lumbo-Sacral Angle Evaluation Among Lebanese Population
Authors: Khodor Haidar Hassan , Loubaba Khawli , Hassane Kheir Eddine
Published: January 2021

Background: Lumbar lordosis is an essential postural element that has gained the interest of both clinicians and researchers for several years. It is the inward curvature made by the wedging of the vertebrae of the lumbar spine. Since there is paucity of data on the lumbar lordosis in the Lebanese population, most of the data used in clinical practice to classify hypo- and hyper-lordosis are based on studies from other races.

Aim: To identify the normal LSA in a Lebanese population, then see if there is a difference between the races, and determine if this angle is affected by the gender or age.

Methods: A retrospective study established to measure lumbar lordosis using LSA technique. Lateral supine lumbosacral radiographs of 128 Lebanese subjects, aged between 19 and 84 years, were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: The mean value (SD) of LSA was 38.980 ( + 9.90) with a min 15.70 and max 64.20. A significant difference was found between LSA and gender. However, there was no significant variation between this angle and age.

Conclusion: The mean value of this angle 38.980 ( + 9.90) may form a reference for the Lebanese population. The study demonstrated that lumbar lordosis is affected by race and gender, with females having a greater LSA than males. Whereas, the latter wasn’t affected by age.
Challenges and Strategies for Conducting Clinical Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences from Resource Limited Settings
Authors: Achan Jane , Serwanga Asadu , Aanyu Hellen T , Opigo Jimmy , Kyagulanyi Tonny , Nuwa Anthony , Magumba Godfrey , Nakwagala Fredrick , Marasciulo Madeleine , Hamade Prudence , Tibenderana James
Published: January 2021

Background: As COVID-19 disease surges across much of the world, researchers in different settings have a unique opportunity to address the various research priorities that have been identified. The challenges that containment and mitigation strategies present for research, especially in resource limited settings, could be significant and negatively impact the essential contribution of these settings to COVID-19 research.

Objectives: To describe experiences of conducting research during this pandemic, discuss challenges faced and present strategies implemented to address these challenges

Methods: Malaria Consortium recently initiated an observational case series study to assess the magnitude and clinical consequences of co-infection of COVID-19, malaria, and other common infections. This study is being conducted in eight COVID-19 treatment centres in Uganda. Qualitative methods including observations and interviews were utilized to document experiences and mitigating strategies for identified challenges. The main outcomes were a descriptive narrative of experiences conducting this research, discussion of challenges faced, and presentation of strategies implemented to address these challenges.

Results: Expedited ethical review and approval facilitated timely initiation of research activities.  The primary clinical care teams at each treatment centre performed all study procedures to minimize infection. Given concerns about fomite transmission, considerations arose on how best to handle consent forms that had been signed or thumb-printed by patients to ensure that both hospital and research staff were not exposed to infection. Consenting severely ill or mentally impaired patients was also a challenge, especially when the next of kin was not available. Patient compensation was done through a mobile money/digital platform to avoid potential risks associated with cash. Patients, health care workers and study staff faced significant psychosocial challenges and anxiety that needed to be addressed.

Conclusions: These experiences demonstrate that more adaptable and innovative approaches may be needed to support the implementation of research activities during this COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic should also spur institutional review boards and investigators to respond to emerging challenges by updating policies and procedures around research review and approvals, and modifications in research methods.
Finite Impulse Response Filters for Stagger-Period Signals, their Designs and Applications
Authors: Zhang Xubao
Published: January 2021

Those theories of conventional filters for uniform-period signals do not apply to the analysis and design of the finite impulse response (FIR) filters for stagger-period signals. In this paper, we defined the fundamental concepts related to the stagger-period signals, derived the calculating equations, and described the time-variant property of the stagger-period filter; we proposed the Fourier transform pair between the frequency and impulse responses of this type filter, and proved the inverse of each other. Then, we discussed the design methods of stagger-period frequency-selective FIR filters, including lowpass, bandpass, and high-pass, presented the staggered windowing philosophies, illustrated different windows’ effectiveness, and described the principles and designs of optimized stagger-period high-pass filters with the match algorithm. As applications, we introduced three staggered optimization algorithms: eigenvalue, match, and linear prediction; and discussed performances of the filters designed for a moving target indication (MTI) radar. The stagger-period MTI filters not only extended the blind speed of flying targets, but also had an optimized improvement factor. Finally, we proposed a mathematical programming to search the best period code, which makes this type filter’s velocity response flattened. Meanwhile, we compared properties of the stagger-period to uniform-period filters, and provided with some examples to illustrate the theories and designs.
Modelos GAMLSS para analizar el grado secado de calcio dihidratado
Authors: Hernández Barajas Freddy , Cano Urrego Brahian , Caicedo Chamorro Edwin Alexander
Published: January 2021

Transportar y secar materiales son dos actividades usuales en diferentes procesos productivos y los tornillos transportadores sirven para realizar estas dos actividades simultáneamente. Las condiciones de operación de un tornillo transportador son importantes porque influyen directamente en características finales como son el grado de secado del producto y la eficiencia térmica del proceso. En este artículo se emplearon los modelos GAMLSS para estudiar la influencia de tres variables operacionales, velocidad rotacional del tornillo, temperatura y flujo de alimentación, sobre el grado de secado del acetato de calcio dihidratado al ser transportado y secado en un tornillo. En este artículo se encontró que el modelo de regresión beta permite explicar el grado de secado mejor que otros modelos de regresión como el normal, exponencial, gamma, Weibull y logit-normal. Adicionalmente se encontró que, la operación del tornillo a una temperatura de 45°C, velocidad rotacional de 3 rpm y una velocidad de flujo de 6 L/min permiten obtener el máximo grado de secado 35,46%.
Didactical Engeering of second generation: a proposal of the design and a teaching resource with support of the GeoGebra software in Brazil
Authors: ALVES Francisco Régis Viera , de SOUSA Rosalide Carvalho , FONTENELE Francisca Cláudia Fernandes
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This article presents a partial excerpt from an ongoing master's research on the methodological theoretical aspects of problems related to the content of volumes, selected from the evaluations of the National High School Exam (ENEM). The Exam consists of a test proposed by the Brazilian federal government, which aims to assess the performance of students at the end of high school, in addition to being used as a selection criterion to enter higher education. In this way, a didactic situation is proposed in the context of ENEM structured in the Theory of Didactic Situations (TSD) and subsidized by the use of the GeoGebra software as a technological resource for the construction and resolution of the problem situation on the volume of a cylinder. The didactic session was consolidated in Didactic Training Engineering (EDF) and developed to design a didactic resource for teaching and training mathematics teachers. GeoGebra was used to carry out the didactic transposition of the problem, as it benefits the student to break the difficulties inherent in the understanding and appropriation of geometric concepts. This structure facilitates didactic mediation, in addition to giving a new meaning to the study and teaching of volumes in the context of ENEM assessments.
Repeating Decimals and Irrational Numbers on the Number Line: Through the Lens of Pre-Service and In-Service Mathematics Teachers
Authors: ÇAYLAN ERGENE Büşra , ERGENE Özkan
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to examine how pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers locate repeating decimals and irrational numbers on the number line. The participants of the study included 274 pre-service and 106 in-service mathematics teachers. Data were collected through a written questionnaire including four open-ended questions. In the questionnaire, preservice and in-service teachers were asked to determine whether the given numbers 0.444…,√2, 𝜋 and e can be located on the number line, they cannot be located on the number line or they do not have exact places on the number line. Additionally, they were asked to justify their responses to each of the questions in the questionnaire. Open coding was performed while analysing data. Findings indicated that while majority of the participants stated that given repeating decimal, i.e. 0.444…, can be located on the number line, for the given irrational numbers, i.e. √2, 𝜋 and e, only small number of participants considered that they can be located on the number line. The main sources of the consideration that the given numbers do not have an exact place or they cannot be located on the number line were identified as approximation, infinity, irrationality and uncertainty in the justifications.