bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestational weight gain is associated with childhood height, weight and BMI in the Peri/Postnatal Epigenetic Twins Study
Authors: Ashtree Deborah N. , Osborne Deborah A. , Lee Amelia , Umstad Mark P. , Saffery Richard , Craig Jeffrey M. , Scurrah Katrina J.
Published: March 2022

Multifetal pregnancies are at risk of adverse maternal, neonatal and long-term health outcomes, and gestational weight gain (GWG) is a potentially modifiable risk factor for several of these. However, studies assessing the associations of GWG with long-term health in twins are rare, and studies which do assess these associations in twins often do not account for gestational age. Since longer gestations are likely to lead to larger GWG and lower risk of adverse outcomes, adjusting for gestational age is necessary to better understand the association of GWG with twin health outcomes. We aimed to explore long-term associations of GWG-for-gestational-age with twin anthropometric measures. The Peri/Postnatal Epigenetic Twins Study (PETS) is a prospective cohort study, which recruited women pregnant with twins from 2007 to 2009. Twins were followed-up at 18 months and 6 years of age. GWG-for-gestational-age z-scores were calculated from pre-pregnancy weight and weight at delivery. We fitted regression models to assess associations of GWG with twin weight, height and BMI at birth, 18 months, and 6 years. Of the 250 women in the PETS, 172 had GWG measured throughout pregnancy. Overall, higher GWG-for-gestational-age z-scores were associated with higher birthweight (β: 0.32 z-scores, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.19, 0.45), BMI (β: 0.29 z-scores, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.43) and length (β: 0.27 z-scores, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.45). However, these associations were not observed at 18 months or 6 years of age. GWG was associated with twin length, weight and BMI at birth but not during childhood. Further research is needed to determine the long-term effects of GWG on twin health outcomes.
Being Recovered as an Antecedent of Emotional Labor
Authors: Nesher Shoshan Hadar , Venz Laura , Sonnentag Sabine
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Emotional labor is ubiquitous in service work, but little is known about what enables service employees to use desirable strategies such as deep acting. Applying conservation of resources theory, we hypothesized that being recovered is a crucial resource for deep acting, especially for employees with low customer orientation and low positive affectivity, and even needed for surface acting when employees have high negative affectivity. Sixty-five service employees answered 298 daily surveys. Multilevel analysis showed that morning being recovered predicts daily deep acting, but not surface acting. When being recovered, employees with low customer orientation engaged more in deep acting, whereas employees with high negative affectivity engaged more in surface acting. The findings highlight the role of different resources for emotional labor.
Subsurface Mixing Dynamics Across the Salt‐Freshwater Interface
Authors: De Vriendt K. , Le Borgne T. , Pool M. , Dentz M.
Published: March 2022

Mixing along the salt‐freshwater interface is critical for geochemical reactions, transport, and transformation of nutrients and contaminants in coastal ecosystems. However, the mechanisms and controls of mixing are not well understood. We develop an analytical model, based on the coupling between flow deformation and dispersion, which predicts the mixing dynamics along the interface for steady‐state flow in coastal aquifers. The analytical predictions are compared with the results of detailed numerical simulations, which show that nonuniform flow fields, inherent to seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer, result in a non‐monotonic evolution of mixing width and mixing rates along the interface. The analytical model accurately captures these dynamics over a range of freshwater flow rates and dispersivities. It predicts the evolution of the mixing width and mixing rates along the interface, offering a new framework for understanding and modeling mixing and reaction processes in coastal aquifers.
Divergent and Changing Importance of Glaciers and Snow as Natural Water Reservoirs in the Eastern and Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qi Wei , Feng Lian , Kuang Xingxing , Zheng Chunmiao , Liu Junguo , Chen Deliang , Tian Yong , Yao Yingying
Published: March 2022

Glaciers and snow are natural water reservoirs in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), affecting ecosystems, water and food security, and more than one billion downstream people. Meltwater volumes are traditionally estimated using the degree‐day concept considering only air temperature, which cannot consider the influence from downward solar and longwave radiation, humidity, wind and resultant turbulent heat fluxes. Here, we used a physically based energy budget approach considering the full energy balance in seven large river basins in the eastern and southern TP. For 1982–2011, the estimated average glacier melt was 0.32 ± 0.007 m water equivalent/yr with large spatial variability. Air temperature, downward longwave radiation, humidity, and wind speed influenced the overall glacier melt trend, and glacier melt accelerated with a rate of 0.42 mm/yr. Yet, downward shortwave radiation played an additional role in influencing the glacier melt rate fluctuation. On average, snow and glacier melt contributed 17.6% of annual river discharge during 1982–2011, including 10.0% from snow and 7.6% from glaciers. The highest and lowest relative melt contributions were in the Yarlung Tsangpo and Yalong Rivers, respectively. Mainly due to decreasing snow melt, glacier and snow melt contributions to discharge would decrease to 11.9% during 2021–2050 under the extreme climate scenario (RCP8.5), and the greatest change in the relative contributions would occur in the Upper Nu River (−9.2%). These findings indicate the divergent and changing importance of glaciers and snow as natural water reservoirs, potentially affecting socioeconomic development and adaptation to climate change in South, Southeast, and East Asia.
The druggable schizophrenia genome: from repurposing opportunities to unexplored drug targets
Authors: Lago Santiago G. , Bahn Sabine
Published: March 2022

There have been no new drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia in several decades and treatment resistance represents a major unmet clinical need. The drugs that exist are based on serendipitous clinical observations rather than an evidence-based understanding of disease pathophysiology. In the present review, we address these bottlenecks by integrating common, rare, and expression-related schizophrenia risk genes with knowledge of the druggability of the human genome as a whole. We highlight novel drug repurposing opportunities, clinical trial candidates which are supported by genetic evidence, and unexplored therapeutic opportunities in the lesser-known regions of the schizophrenia genome. By identifying translational gaps and opportunities across the schizophrenia disease space, we discuss a framework for translating increasingly well-powered genetic association studies into personalized treatments for schizophrenia and initiating the vital task of characterizing clinically relevant drug targets in underexplored regions of the human genome.
GO-SHIP Easy Ocean: Gridded ship-based hydrographic section of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen
Authors: Katsumata Katsuro , Purkey Sarah G. , Cowley Rebecca , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Diggs Stephen C. , Moore Thomas S. , Talley Lynne D. , Swift James H.
Published: March 2022

Despite technological advances over the last several decades, ship-based hydrography remains the only method for obtaining high-quality, high spatial and vertical resolution measurements of physical, chemical, and biological parameters over the full water column essential for physical, chemical, and biological oceanography and climate science. The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) coordinates a network of globally sustained hydrographic sections. These data provide a unique data set that spans four decades, comprised of more than 40 cross-ocean transects. The section data are, however, difficult to use owing to inhomogeneous format. The purpose of this new temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data product is to combine, reformat and grid these data measured by Conductivity-Temperature-Depth-Oxygen (CTDO) profilers in order to facilitate their use by a wider audience. The product is machine readable and readily accessible by many existing visualisation and analysis software packages. The data processing can be repeated with modifications to suit various applications such as analysis of deep ocean, validation of numerical simulation, and calibration of autonomous platforms.
Etiologies of altered level of consciousness in the emergency room
Authors: Kim Keun Tae , Jeon Jae Cheon , Jung Chang-Gyu , Park Jung A. , Seo Jong-Geun , Kwon Doo Hyuk
Published: March 2022

Altered levels of consciousness (ALCs) is a challenging issue; however, data describing its etiology and frequency are lacking. This study aimed to clarify and classify the etiologies of ALCs in the emergency room (ER) and to evaluate their destinations and the form of discharge. This retrospective study included patients with an ALC who visited the ER of a university hospital between January 2018 and December 2020. The cause and classification of the ALCs were carefully determined by a consortium of board-certified faculty members in emergency medicine, internal medicine, and neurology. The reference point for determining the etiology of ALC was discharge from the ER. In total, 2028 patients with ALCs were investigated. More than half (1037, 51.1%) visited the ER between 9:00 and 18:00. The most common etiology was systemic infection (581, 28.6%), followed by metabolic causes (455, 22.4%), and stroke (271, 13.4%). The two leading etiologies were extracranial and had a majority of the cases (1036, 51.5%). The overall mortality rate was 17.2%. This study provides fundamental information on ALC in the ER. Although intracranial etiologies have been foregrounded, this study demonstrated that extracranial etiologies are the main cause of ALC in the ER.
Biomolecular engineering of drugs loading in Riboflavin-targeted polymeric devices: simulation and experimental
Authors: Khedri Mohammad , Keshavarz Moraveji Mostafa
Published: March 2022

The synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with efficient drug loading content and targeting moieties is an attractive field and remains a challenge in drug delivery systems. Atomistic investigations can provide an in-depth understanding of delivery devices and reduce the number of expensive experiments. In this paper, we studied the self-assembly of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly (ethylene glycol) with different molecular weights and surface compositions. The innovation of this molecular study is the loading of an antitumor drug (docetaxel) on a targeting ligand (riboflavin). According to this work, a novel, biocompatible and targeted system for cancer treatment has been developed. The obtained results revealed a correlation between polymer molecular weight and the stability of particles. In this line, samples including 20 and 10 w/w% moiety NPs formed from polymers with 3 and 4.5 kDa backbone sizes, respectively, are the stable models with the highest drug loading and entrapment efficiencies. Next, we evaluated NP morphology and found that NPs have a core/shell structure consisting of a hydrophobic core with a shell of poly (ethylene glycol) and riboflavin. Interestingly, morphology assessments confirmed that the targeting moiety located on the surface can improve drug delivery to receptors and cancerous cells. The developed models provided significant insight into the structure and morphology of NPs before the synthesis and further analysis of NPs in biological environments. However, in the best cases of this system, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) tests were also taken and the results were consistent with the results obtained from All Atom and Coarse Grained simulations.
Space-fractional heat transfer analysis of hybrid nanofluid along a permeable plate considering inclined magnetic field
Authors: Khazayinejad Mehdi , Nourazar S. S.
Published: March 2022

In this study, the Caputo space-fractional derivatives of energy equation are used to model the heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid flow along a plate. The plate is considered permeable and affected by an inclined magnetic field. We use the space-fractional derivative of Fourier’s law to communicate between the nonlocal temperature gradient and heat flux. The hybrid nanofluid is formed by dispersing graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles in water. The new fractional integro-differential boundary layer equations are reduced to ordinary nonlinear equations utilizing suitable normalizations and solved via a novel semi-analytical approach, namely the optimized collocation method. The results reveal that the increment of the order of space-fractional derivatives and the magnetic inclination angle increase the Nusselt number. Also, an increase in the order of space-fractional derivatives leads to a thicker thermal boundary layer thickness resulting in a higher temperature. It is also found that the temperature of the fluid rises by changing the working fluid from pure water to single nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid, respectively. What is more, the proposed semi-analytical method will be beneficial to future research in fractional boundary layer problems.
Structural and dynamic properties of eutectic mixtures based on menthol and fatty acids derived from coconut oil: a MD simulation study
Authors: Barani pour Samaneh , Jahanbin Sardroodi Jaber , Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh Alireza , Avestan Mohammad Sadegh
Published: March 2022

The structural and dynamical properties of the binary mixture of Menthol (MEN) and Fatty acids (FAs) were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. To this end, the relationship between the structural and dynamical properties of the eutectic mixtures of MEN and FAs with different molar percentages of FAs are studied. Structural properties of the eutectic mixtures were characterized by calculating the combined distribution functions (CDFs), radial distribution functions (RDFs), angular distribution functions (ADFs), hydrogen bonding networks, and spatial distribution functions (SDF). Additionally, our Results indicated robust interactions between menthol and Caprylic acid molecules Finally, the transport properties of the mixtures were investigated using the mean square displacement (MSD) of the centers of mass of the species, self-diffusion coefficients and vector reorientation dynamics (VRD) of bonds. Overall, our simulation results indicated that intermolecular interactions have a significant effect on the dynamic properties of species.
Impact of intrauterine growth restriction on cerebral and renal oxygenation and perfusion during the first 3 days after birth
Authors: Montaldo Paolo , Puzone Simona , Caredda Elisabetta , Pugliese Umberto , Inserra Emanuela , Cirillo Grazia , Gicchino Francesca , Campana Giuseppina , Ursi Davide , Galdo Francesca , Internicola Margherita , Spagnuolo Ferdinando , Carpentieri Mauro , Capristo Carlo , Marzuillo Pierluigi , Del Giudice Emanuele Miraglia
Published: March 2022

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with a higher incidence of perinatal complications as well as cardiovascular and renal diseases later on. A better insight into the disease mechanisms underlying these sequalae is important in order to identify which IUGR infants are at a higher risk and find strategies to improve their outcome. In this prospective case–control study we examined whether IUGR had any effect on renal and cerebral perfusion and oxygen saturation in term neonates. We integrated near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), echocardiographic, Doppler and renal function data of 105 IUGR infants and 105 age/gender-matched controls. Cerebral and renal regional oxygen saturation values were measured by NIRS during the first 12 h after birth. Echocardiography alongside Doppler assessment of renal and anterior cerebral arteries were performed at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h of age. Glomerular and tubular functions were also assessed. We found a left ventricular dysfunction together with a higher cerebral oxygen saturation and perfusion values in the IUGR group. IUGR term infants showed a higher renal oxygen saturation and a reduced oxygen extraction together with a subclinical renal damage, as indicated by higher values of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and microalbumin. These data suggest that some of the haemodynamic changes present in growth-restricted foetuses may persist postnatally. The increased cerebral oxygenation may suggest an impaired transition to normal autoregulation as a consequence of intra-uterine chronic hypoxia. The higher renal oxygenation may reflect a reduced renal oxygen consumption due to a subclinical kidney damage.
Inactivation of Pathogenic Microorganisms with Sulfate Radical-based Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Guerra-Rodriguez Sonia , Rodríguez-Chueca Jorge , Peres José A. , Lucas Marco S.
Published: March 2022

Water scarcity will increase in the world over the next few decades as a consequence of the growth of the world population and the irregular hydric regime caused by climate change. Under this situation, the regeneration and reuse of treated wastewater is of great importance to save water resources. Therefore, these effluents must be properly treated to avoid risks to human health. The fact is that the presence of waterborne pathogens or contaminants of emerging concern limits their use. The search for new disinfection technologies which are efficient, economical, have a low environmental impact, and minimize the generation of disinfection by-products is one of the major challenges that sanitary engineering is currently facing. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have emerged as a suitable route for the oxidation of organic contaminants and microorganism removal. Sulfate radicals (SO4˙−) have been increasingly applied as an efficient oxidant for water treatment in recent years. This book chapter intends to focus on the recent developments regarding the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms (including antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs)) and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) using sulfate radical based-advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs), providing an overall perspective of the advantages and limitations of these AOPs.
Physical confinement in alginate cryogels determines macrophage polarization to a M2 phenotype by regulating a STAT-related mRNA transcription pathway
Authors: Liu Zhen-Zhen , Xu Nian-Yuan , Wang Mei-Ling , Tang Rui-Zhi , Liu Xi-Qiu
Published: March 2022

The immunologic response is considered to play a pivotal role in the application of biomaterial implants, and intrinsic properties of biomaterials can significantly modulate the anti-inflammatory effects.
Understanding the interactions between lithium polysulfides and anchoring materials in advanced lithium–sulfur batteries using density functional theory
Authors: Maihom Thana , Sittiwong Jarinya , Probst Michael , Limtrakul Jumras
Published: March 2022

Computational studies based on density functional theory calculations for investigating the interactions between lithium polysulfides and anchoring materials in advanced lithium–sulfur batteries.
Practical considerations in the design and use of porous liquids
Authors: Mahdavi Hamidreza , Smith Stefan J. D. , Mulet Xavier , Hill Matthew R.
Published: March 2022

The possibility of creating well-controlled empty space within liquids is conceptually intriguing, and from an application perspective, full of potential.
Photoexcitation dynamics of bromodiphenyl ethers in acetonitrile-d3 studied by femtosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Jung Jisik , Shin Juhyang , Dzhaparova Alina , Park Jin Kyoon , Lim Manho
Published: March 2022

Photoexcitation of 3- and 4-bromodiphenyl ethers in CD3CN by 267 nm photon immediately dissociates Br producing solvent-bound diphenyl ether (DE) radical, which further reacts producing cyano-DE or deuterated-DE with an efficiency of 22–33%.
Ion-pairs as a gateway to transmetalation: aryl transfer from boron to nickel and magnesium
Authors: Fabijanczuk Kimberly C. , Altalhi Weam A. O. , Aldajani Asma M. O. , Canty Allan J. , McLuckey Scott A. , O'Hair Richard A. J.
Published: March 2022

Ion-ion reactions provide access to ion-pairs allowing their role in transmetalation reactions to be explored.
Photoinduced cytotoxicity of photochromic symmetric diarylethene derivatives: the relation of structure and cytotoxicity
Authors: Nakagawa Yuma , Hishida Tatsuya , Hatano Eri , Sumaru Kimio , Morishita Kana , Morimoto Masakazu , Yokojima Satoshi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Uchida Kingo
Published: March 2022

The photoinduced cytotoxicity of twelve diarylethene derivatives having thiazole or pyridine rings in their molecules was evaluated in terms of molecular structure and size.
A dual-response fluorescent probe for N2H4 and viscosity in living cells and zebrafish to evaluate liver injury
Authors: Fu Manlin , Wang Kai , Xue Jianyuan , Li Yue , Bian Mianli , Zhu Qing
Published: March 2022

FNN is the first bifunctional fluorescent probe for monitoring viscosity and N2H4in vitro and vivo. It opens up an efficient way to evaluate the extent of the side effects of hydrazide drugs and has potential applications in new drug development.
The eco-friendly electrosynthesis of trifluoromethylated spirocyclic indolines and their anticancer activity
Authors: Lan Jianyong , Li Shaoyun , Lin Kejun , Zhou Peng , Chen Weili , Gao Liqian , Zhu Tingshun
Published: March 2022

As a clean reaction system without chemical oxidant, the diastereoselective electrosynthesis of CF3-containing spirocyclic indolines was developed. Some of the indoline products exhibited promising anticancer activities with good selectivities.
A bioorthogonal assembly based on metallophilic interactions for selective imaging and PDT treatment of cancer cells
Authors: Da Xuwen , Yu Fei-Hu , Zhang Chao , Wang Zhanhua , Jian Yao , Hou Yuanjun , Chen Yong , Wang Xuesong , Zhou Qianxiong
Published: March 2022

TC3 cations loaded on hyaluronic acid were selectively taken up by cancer cells. The following incubation with A5 or A10 anions led to the bioorthogonal self-assembly of C3–A5/A10 in cancer cells with luminescence and singlet oxygen turn-on.
An unprecedented C80 cage that violates the isolated pentagon rule
Authors: Yu Pengwei , Li Mengyang , Shen Wangqiang , Hu Shuaifeng , Yu Peng-Yuan , Tian Xinyue , Zhao Xiang , Bao Lipiao , Lu Xing
Published: March 2022

An unprecedented C1(31876)-C80 cage, stabilized by Lu2O encapsulation, is a key point in the transformation map of oxide cluster fullerenes, filling the missing link in the interconversion process.
The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS)
Authors: Salvato M. , Wolf J. , Dwelly T. , Georgakakis A. , Brusa M. , Merloni A. , Liu T. , Toba Y. , Nandra K. , Lamer G. , Buchner J. , Schneider C. , Freund S. , Rau A. , Schwope A. , Nishizawa A. , Klein M. , Arcodia R. , Comparat J. , Musiimenta B. , Nagao T. , Brunner H. , Malyali A. , Finoguenov A. , Anderson S. , Shen Y. , Ibarra-Medel H. , Trump J. , Brandt W. N. , Urry C. M. , Rivera C. , Krumpe M. , Urrutia T. , Miyaji T. , Ichikawa K. , Schneider D. P. , Fresco A. , Boller T. , Haase J. , Brownstein J. , Lane R. R. , Bizyaev D. , Nitschelm C.
Published: March 2022

Context.In November 2019, eROSITA on board of the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory started to map the entire sky in X-rays. After the four-year survey program, it will reach a flux limit that is about 25 times deeper than ROSAT. During the SRG performance verification phase, eROSITA observed a contiguous 140 deg2area of the sky down to the final depth of the eROSITA all-sky survey (eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey; eFEDS), with the goal of obtaining a census of the X-ray emitting populations (stars, compact objects, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and active galactic nuclei) that will be discovered over the entire sky.

Aims.This paper presents the identification of the counterparts to the point sources detected in eFEDS in the main and hard samples and their multi-wavelength properties, including redshift.

Methods.To identifyy the counterparts, we combined the results from two independent methods (NWAYandASTROMATCH), trained on the multi-wavelength properties of a sample of 23kXMM-Newtonsources detected in the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey DR8. Then spectroscopic redshifts and photometry from ancillary surveys were collated to compute photometric redshifts.

Results.Of the eFEDS sources, 24 774 of 27 369 have reliable counterparts (90.5%) in the main sample and 231 of 246 sourcess (93.9%) have counterparts in the hard sample, including 2514 (3) sources for which a second counterpart is equally likely. By means of reliable spectra,Gaiaparallaxes, and/or multi-wavelength properties, we have classified the reliable counterparts in both samples into Galactic (2695) and extragalactic sources (22 079). For about 340 of the extragalactic sources, we cannot rule out the possibility that they are unresolved clusters or belong to clusters. Inspection of the distributions of the X-ray sources in various optical/IR colour-magnitude spaces reveal a rich variety of diverse classes of objects. The photometric redshifts are most reliable within the KiDS/VIKING area, where deep near-infrared data are also available.

Conclusions.This paper accompanies the eROSITA early data release of all the observations performed during the performance and verification phase. Together with the catalogues of primary and secondary counterparts to the main and hard samples of the eFEDS survey, this paper releases their multi-wavelength properties and redshifts.
Weighing the Galactic disk using phase-space spirals
Authors: Widmark A. , Laporte C. F. P. , Monari G.
Published: March 2022

We have applied our method to weigh the Galactic disk using phase-space spirals to the proper motion sample ofGaia’s early third release (EDR3). For stars in distant regions of the Galactic disk, the latitudinal proper motion has a close projection with vertical velocity, such that the phase-space spiral in the plane of vertical position and vertical velocity can be observed without requiring that all stars have available radial velocity information. We divided the Galactic plane into 360 separate data samples, each corresponding to an area cell in the Galactic plane in the distance range of 1.4–3.4 kpc, with an approximate cell length of 200–400 pc. Roughly half of our data samples were disqualified altogether due to severe selection effects, especially in the direction of the Galactic centre. In the remainder, we were able to infer the vertical gravitational potential by fitting an analytic model of the phase-space spiral to the data. This work is the first of its kind, in the sense that we are weighing distant regions of the Galactic disk with a high spatial resolution, without relying on the strong assumptions of axisymmetry. Post-inference, we fitted a thin disk scale length of 2.2 ± 0.1 kpc, although this value is sensitive to the considered spatial region. We see surface density variations as a function of azimuth of the order of 10–20%, which is roughly the size of our estimated sum of potential systematic biases. With this work, we have demonstrated that our method can be used to weigh distant regions of the Galactic disk despite strong selection effects. We expect to reach even greater distances and improve our accuracy with futureGaiadata releases and further improvements to our method.
Enhancement of the lactic acid bacteria population, chemical and organoleptic properties of soygurt with nutraceuticals from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL) paste
Authors: Lambertus Ellyzsabeth , Srianta Ignatius , Liem Devina , Wanaputra Ferrian , Nugerahani Ira , Kuswardhani Indah , Tewfik Ihab
Published: March 2022

Soygurt is a type of probiotic beverage that is made from soy milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Purple sweet potato-PSP (Ipomoea batatasL) contains various nutraceutical compounds which may amplify the health benefits of soygurt once added at optimum level. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of PSP at various concentrations on LAB population, chemical and organoleptic properties of soygurt. The purple sweet potato paste (PSPP) was added at six different concentrations i.e. 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% (w/v) of the total mixture. Statistical analysis with ANOVA at α of 5% showed that the addition of PSPP caused an increase in the total plate count of LAB cells (from 7.9900 to 9.7459 log cfu/g), pH (from 4.735 to 4.298), and total lactic acid (from 0.267 to 0.466%). Based on the organoleptic evaluation preferences, soygurt at 3% and 6% PSPP have been accepted by the panelists in terms of its taste preference at 5.35 (sufficient) and its mouthfeel at 5.88 (like). Notwithstanding, soygurt with 12% PSPP was the optimum concentration with respect to its color at 5.40 (sufficient). In conclusion, PSPP concentrations affect significantly the LAB population, chemical, and organoleptic properties of soygurt.
Amylose Content and Physical Changes in Waxy Corn Starch Modification by Spontaneous Fermentation
Authors: Ahmad Lisna , Pranoto Yudi , Setyabudi FMC. Sigit , Marseno Djagal Wiseso
Published: March 2022

This study aimed was to determine the changes in the ratio of amylose and amylopectin and the physical properties of spontaneously fermented waxy corn starch (WCS) granules. The results showed that the amylose content of WCS which was fermented spontaneously from 9 to 15 days experienced a significant change with native starch, namely, ± 86 – 117%. The hydrolyzed process is caused by lactic acid bacteria activity. The highest activity showed at 15th-day fermentation. Changes in starch composition also affect the swelling power, solubility, water absorption, and gelatinization profile of WCS. Starch that was fermented for 15th-days had the highest amylose percentage (24.92%) the otherwise, had the lowest swelling value compared to native starch. The percent solubility of fermented starch increased with increasing the amount of amylose and on the 15th day of fermentation, the highest value was (65.56%). Water absorption increased until the 6th-day of fermentation and then decreased due to an increase in the amount of amylose. The gelatinization profiles of native starch and fermented modified starch were of the same type.
Sensory profile analysis of chocolate drinks using quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA)
Authors: Muktiningrum Tyas Arie , Fauza Gusti , Ariviani Setyaningrum , Muhammad Dimas R A , Affandi Dian Rachmawanti
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyse the sensory profile of a low-fat chocolate drink. The chocolate drink is being developed in laboratory of food science and technology department at Universitas Sebelas Maret. The QDA was applied to characterize the sensory profile of the developed product (sample D) and four commercial products (sample A, B, C, and E). 13 panellists were trained to evaluate those samples based on appearance, odour, flavour, basic taste and texture. Further, ANOVA was utilized to differentiate the samples, while PCA and Spider web were applied to analyse the sensory profile of the samples. The results showed that sample D was quite similar to sample A (dominated by cocoa aroma, cocoa flavour, sandiness, undissolved particles, colour, white-cream layer, thickness texture and bitter taste), whereas sample C had similar characteristic to sample E (represented by milky aroma, milky flavour, vanilla flavour and creamy texture). Meanwhile, sample B differed from others for representing malt odour and malt flavour attributes. It is implied from the result that sample A would be the potential competitor for the developed product since they may be in the same market segmentation. Therefore, the strategy of improving the developed product should take a look at the sensory attributes of sample A as a benchmarking.
Salt reduction in selected food products
Authors: Muhoza Bertrand
Published: March 2022

Although sodium chloride is widely used in food processing as a preservative, flavor and texture enhancer, its high intake has been reported to cause cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and gastric cancer. The use of chloride salts and the reduction of sodium chloride content in food products have been proposed as common strategies to control high salt intake. However, sodium chloride reduction in food can lead to a significant loss of flavor and texture which can be quickly noticed by consumers. To mitigate these issues, various researchers are developing techniques to reduce sodium chloride without affecting the flavor, texture and taste. In the present contribution, oven-roasted peanuts, microwave and traditional bath cooked grass crab meat and surimi emulsified sausages were studied as models to reduce salt in food and good results were achieved. The approaches used in these studies are promising and open new perspectives in the future development of low sodium chloride food products.
Changes of physical and chemical properties of rice (cv. Mentikwangi) as affected by storage conditions
Authors: Suismono  , Djali Mohamad , Setiasih Imas S. , Munarso S.J. , Darniadi Sandi
Published: March 2022

The quality charcteristics of rice could be changed during storage caused by respiration and enzyme activity. The respiration process remains during storage, producing carbon dioxides, vapour, and heat. This study aimed to examine the changes in physical and chemical properties of rice (cv. Mentikwangi) for six months of storage. Rice samples were packed using plastic polypropylene and stored at ambient temperatures of 27-30 °C and 54-62% of humidity. Rice sampling was done four times, i.e., months 0, 2, 4, and 6. Observations were made on starch crystallinity, particle morphology, reducing sugars, amylose, glucose, and maltose. The SEM image and XRD data showed that rice starch was less rigid and more amorphous after four months. In addition, eating quality data showed that the rice had high swelling and needed more water. Amylographic also performed that rice samples were getting harder. Sugar and amylose reduction levels increased by 1.84% and 2.5%, respectively. Unlike both, around 7.94% of starch was reduced. The γ-amylase had broken the amylopectin chain according to the glucose content degradation and occurred naturally during the six-month storage period.
Anticorps et senseurs de l’ADN agissent de concert pour stimuler la réponse anti-virale des macrophages
Authors: Darrault Fanny , Ibrahmen Mohamed , Dupré-Crochet Sophie
Published: March 2022

Pour la sixième année consécutive, dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-sud, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » de l’université Paris-Saclay se sont essayés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné une quinzaine d’articles scientifiques récents dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire, présentant des résultats originaux, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant des relations hôte-pathogène aux innovations thérapeutiques, en passant par la signalisation hépatique et le métabolisme. Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme ! Deux de ces Nouvelles sont publiées dans ce numéro, les autres le seront dans des prochains numéros.
L’EPR 2 : la proposition d’EDF pour le futur énergétique de la France
Authors: Le Gros Gaïc
Published: March 2022

Alors que le gestionnaire du réseau de transport d’électricité français (RTE) prévoit une consommation électrique de plus en plus importante, la construction de nouveaux réacteurs permettrait d’assurer, aux côtés des énergies renouvelables, un mix électrique bas carbone pour répondre à ce besoin. Le programme EPR 2, tel que proposé par EDF, comprend la construction de trois paires de réacteurs et intègre les retours d’expériences des chantiers EPR.
Plan Excell : un préalable incontournable à tout nouveau programme nucléaire
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2022

Le plan Excell a aujourd’hui atteint – ou dépassé – 23 des 25 engagements fixés initialement par la direction d’EDF. À travers ce plan, la filière nucléaire s’est mobilisée pour la reconquête de ses compétences, une étape préalable indispensable au lancement d’un nouveau programme nucléaire.
Le financement du nucléaire, un enjeu majeur pour le coût de nos systèmes électriques
Authors: Hanine Ilyas
Published: March 2022

Les conditions de financement du futur programme EPR 2 sont l’un des sujets principaux de la préparation du renouvellement du parc nucléaire français. Exceptionnels par leur coût et leur durée, ces chantiers réclament une intervention publique forte pour maîtriser le coût du capital.
La compétitivité, au cœur de l’avenir du nucléaire
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2022

Tandis que les coûts de l’énergie ne cessent d’augmenter, les options choisies pour les mix énergétiques futurs doivent prendre en compte la compétitivité des différentes filières énergétiques pour maîtriser les prix auprès des consommateurs. Le nucléaire, à travers son parc existant et ses réacteurs futurs, promet des coûts compétitifs.
Psychiatrische Patientenverfügungen in der Praxis
Authors: Braun Esther , Gaillard Anne-Sophie , Gather Jakov , Scholten Matthé , Gieselmann Astrid
Published: March 2022

In Deutschland gilt: Eine medizinische Behandlung darf nur durchgeführt werden, wenn sie vom Patientenwillen getragen wird. Doch Menschen mit schweren psychischen Erkrankungen sind in Krisensituationen manchmal nicht mehr in der Lage, diesen zu äußern. Hier erfahren Sie, wie Betroffene ihre Behandlungswünsche schon vorab schriftlich festlegen können und welche Vorteile dies für alle Beteiligten bietet.
Infektiöse posteriore Uveitis – Toxoplasmose, Treponema, Tuberkulose (TTT)
Authors: Neß Thomas , Winterhalter Sibylle , Stübiger Nicole
Published: March 2022

Infektionen mit Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum und Mycobacterium tuberculosis sind nach wie vor die wichtigsten infektiösen Ursachen einer posterioren Uveitis. Epidemiologie,
klinisches Bild, Diagnostik und Therapie dieser Krankheitsbilder werden dargestellt.
Abskopale Reaktion – ein unterschätzter Effekt mit großem Potenzial
Authors: Exner Sebastian A. , Behrens Felix , Fehlauer Fabian
Published: March 2022

Die lokale Strahlentherapie spielt in der kurativen wie palliativen Krebsbehandlung eine große Rolle. Tumoransprechen außerhalb des bestrahlten Feldes werden als abskopaler Effekt (von lat. „ab“=weg von und „scopus“=Ziel) bezeichnet. Abskopale Reaktionen wurden erstmals 1953 von Robin Mole beschrieben, der bemerkt hatte, dass bei nicht behandelten Läsionen eine Tumorregression beobachtet wurde, wenn ein Tumorbereich fokal bestrahlt wurde.

Studien haben gezeigt, dass eine Strahlentherapie die immunvermittelte Tumorerkennung verbessern kann und mit der Immun-Checkpoint-Blockade (ICB) synergistisch wirkt. Dadurch wird die Rolle der Strahlentherapie von einer lokalen Behandlung auf eine systemische ausgeweitet. Eine wirksame Immunreaktionen kann durch lokale Strahlentherapie aktiviert werden und systemische Erkrankungen bekämpfen durch eine systemische, abskopale Wirkung.
AMFR drives allergic asthma development by promoting alveolar macrophage–derived GM-CSF production
Authors: Zhang Huihui , Wei Ran , Yang Xinyi , Xu Lu , Jiang Hongchao , Li Mengkai , Jiang Haixia , Zhang Haibo , Chen Zhihong , Qian Feng , Sun Lei
Published: March 2022

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are specialized tissue-resident macrophages that orchestrate the immune response in allergic inflammation and asthma. However, what signals direct AMs to cross talk with other immune cells remains unclear. Here, we report that autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR), an endoplasmic reticulum–resident E3 ubiquitin ligase, is upregulated in AMs of asthma and is critical for this condition. AMFR deficiency significantly decreased allergy-induced T helper 2 (Th2) and eosinophilic inflammation, with less granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in AMs. Mechanistically, following thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) stimulation, AMFR associated directly with cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS), induced the ubiquitination of Lys48-linked polyubiquitination of CIS, and consequently blocked the inhibitory effect of CIS on signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation and the downstream pathway activation in AMs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AMFR serves a crucial role in promoting inflammation in asthma through regulating AM function, and may emerge as a new potential drug target for asthma therapy.
Two-Dimensional Electron Gas with High Mobility Forming at BaO/SrTiO3 Interface
Authors: Cao Cheng , Chen Shengru , Deng Jun , Li Gang , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Ying Tian-Ping , Guo Er-Jia , Guo Jian-Gang , Chen Xiaolong
Published: March 2022

Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with high electron mobility is highly desired to study the emergent properties and to enhance future device performance. Here we report the formation of 2DEG with high mobility at the interface between rock-salt BaO and perovskite SrTiO3. The interface consists of the ionically compensated BaO1 – δ
layer and the electronically compensated TiO2 layer, which is demonstrated as a perfect interface without lattice mismatch. The so-formed interface features metallic conductivity with ultralow square resistance of 7.3 × 10−4 Ω/◻ at 2 K and high residual resistance ratios R
300 K/R
2 K up to 4200. The electron mobility reaches 69000 cm2⋅V−1⋅s−1 at 2 K, leading to Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations of resistance. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the effective charge transfers from BaO to the Ti 3dxy
orbital occur at the interface, leading to the conducting TiO2 layer. Our work unravels that BaO can adapt itself by removing oxygen to minimize the lattice mismatch and to provide substantial carriers to SrTiO3, which is the key to forming 2DEGs with high mobility at the interfaces.
Möbius mirrors
Authors: Good Michael R R , Linder Eric V
Published: March 2022

An accelerating boundary (mirror) acts as a horizon and black hole analog, radiating energy with some particle spectrum. We demonstrate that a Möbius transformation on the null coordinate advanced time mirror trajectory uniquely keeps invariant not only the energy flux but the particle spectrum. We clarify how the geometric entanglement entropy is also invariant. The transform allows generation of families of dynamically distinct trajectories, including

PT

-symmetric ones, mapping from the eternally thermal mirror to the de Sitter horizon, and different boundary motions corresponding to Kerr or Schwarzschild black holes.
Edge adaptive hybrid regularization model for image deblurring
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Chen Jie , Wu Caiying , He Zhifei , Zeng Tieyong , Jin Qiyu
Published: March 2022

Parameter selection is crucial to regularization-based image restoration methods. Generally speaking, a spatially fixed parameter for the regularization term does not perform well for both edge and smooth areas. A larger parameter for the regularization term reduces noise better in smooth areas but blurs edge regions, while a small parameter sharpens edge but causes residual noise. In this paper, an automated spatially adaptive regularization model, which combines the harmonic and total variation (TV) terms, is proposed for the image reconstruction from noisy and blurred observation. The proposed model detects the edges and then spatially adjusts the parameters of Tikhonov and TV regularization terms for each pixel according to the edge information. Accordingly, the edge information matrix will also be dynamically updated during the iterations. Computationally, the newly-established model is convex, which can be solved by the semi-proximal alternating direction method of multipliers with a linear convergence rate. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively preserves the image edges and eliminates the noise and blur at the same time. In comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms, it outperforms other methods in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, structural similarity index and visual quality.
Fabrication of a 3D carbon electrode for potential dielectrophoresis-based hepatic cell patterning application using carbon micro-electrical-mechanical system (CMEMS)
Authors: Wan Yahya Wan Nurlina , Ibrahim Fatimah , Thiha Aung , Jamaluddin Nurul Fauzani , Madou Marc
Published: March 2022

Cell patterning of hepatocyte cells is one of the techniques to construct liver tissue engineering. This work presents the development of a 3D carbon dielectrophoresis (carbonDEP) microfluidic chip for cell patterning using carbon micro-electrical-mechanical system microfabrication approach. The new design of electrode named interdigitated radiating-strips electrode (IRSE) was fabricated to generate positive DEP (pDEP) force for cell patterning mimicking the biological hepatic lobule. The electrical characterization of the fabricated carbon electrode shows that the average electrode resistivity is 4.61 ± 1.19 × 10−4 Ω m which is low enough to generate effective DEP force using 10 of volts. Results also show the shrinkage of the SU-8 structures during pyrolysis which gives impact to the final dimension of the carbon electrode. The functioning of the DEP microfluidic chip was demonstrated through DEP polystyrene microbeads patterning as a model of hepatocyte cells. 3D carbon IRSE presents a 67% increase in trapping efficiency of pDEP microbeads as compared to the planar carbon IRSE and the microbeads were pattern along the electrical field induced to form a hepatic lobule mimicking pattern. These results suggest that the 3D carbonDEP microfluidic chip has a great potential to be used for 3D hepatic cells patterning for liver tissue engineering applications.
Tuning electronic properties and ferromagnetism of CrI3 monolayers with doped transition-metal atoms
Authors: Meng Qing-Yu , Lu Qiang , Cui Wei-Bin , Xu Tong-Tong , Zhang Lian-Lian
Published: March 2022

Chromium triiodide (CrI3) monolayers have attracted much attention among the first two-dimensional materials discovered experimentally in both electronics and spintronics due to their potential applications. By means of density functional theory, we perform investigations of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of CrI3 monolayer doped with 3 d transition-metal (TM) atoms, which is also called CrXI6 monolayer with X changed from Sc to Fe. It is shown that the electron properties of the CrXI6 system can be tuned from semiconductor to metal/half-metal, which depend on the types of TM atoms. In addition, the CrXI6 system improves ferromagnetic (FM) stabilities, enhancement of magnetic moments, and FM-to-antiferromagnetic transition. These findings enrich the potential application perspectives of CrI3 monolayer in spintronics.