bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seizure-related differences in biosignal 24-h modulation patterns
Authors: Vieluf Solveig , El Atrache Rima , Cantley Sarah , Jackson Michele , Clark Justice , Sheehan Theodore , Bosl William J. , Zhang Bo , Loddenkemper Tobias
Published: September 2022

A seizure likelihood biomarker could improve seizure monitoring and facilitate adjustment of treatments based on seizure risk. Here, we tested differences in patient-specific 24-h-modulation patterns of electrodermal activity (EDA), peripheral body temperature (TEMP), and heart rate (HR) between patients with and without seizures. We enrolled patients who underwent continuous video-EEG monitoring at Boston Children’s Hospital to wear a biosensor. We divided patients into two groups: those with no seizures and those with at least one seizure during the recording period. We assessed the 24-h modulation level and amplitude of EDA, TEMP, and HR. We performed machine learning including physiological and clinical variables. Subsequently, we determined classifier performance by cross-validated machine learning. Patients with seizures (n = 49) had lower EDA levels (p = 0.031), EDA amplitudes (p = 0.045), and trended toward lower HR levels (p = 0.060) compared to patients without seizures (n = 68). Averaged cross-validated classification accuracy was 69% (AUC-ROC: 0.75). Our results show the potential to monitor and forecast risk for epileptic seizures based on changes in 24-h patterns in wearable recordings in combination with clinical variables. Such biomarkers might be applicable to inform care, such as treatment or seizure injury risk during specific periods, scheduling diagnostic tests, such as admission to the epilepsy monitoring unit, and potentially other neurological and chronic conditions.
Utility of in silico-identified-peptides in spike-S1 domain and nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 for antibody detection in COVID-19 patients and antibody production
Authors: Cortés-Sarabia Karen , Luna-Pineda Víctor Manuel , Rodríguez-Ruiz Hugo Alberto , Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio , Hernández-Sotelo Daniel , Beltrán-Anaya Fredy Omar , Vences-Velázquez Amalia , Del Moral-Hernández Oscar , Illades-Aguiar Berenice
Published: September 2022

SARS-CoV-2 contains four structural proteins, two of which, the spike and nucleocapsid, are commonly used for the standardization of novel methods for antibody detection; however, some limitations in their use have been observed due to the homology of this virus with other phylogenetically-related viruses. We performed in silico analysis to search for novel immunogenic and antigenic peptides. A total of twenty-five peptides were preliminarily selected, located in the 3D structure of both proteins. Finally, eight peptides were selected: one located in the N protein and seven in the S1 domain of the spike protein. Additionally, the localization of selected peptides in 2D structures and possible changes in the sequences of these peptides in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were analyzed. All peptides were synthetized in MAP8 format, and recombinant S (trimer and RBD) and N proteins were used as antigens to search for antibodies in serum samples derived from COVID-19 patients, and for antibody response in New Zealand rabbits. Results showed high recognition of the serum derived from COVID-19 patients to all selected peptides; however, only the RBD3 peptide induced antibody production. In conclusion, this work provides evidence for a new strategy in peptide selection and its use for antibody detection or antibody production in animals.
Ecological succession of the sponge cryptofauna in Hawaiian reefs add new insights to detritus production by pioneering species
Authors: Vicente Jan , Timmers Molly A. , Webb Maryann K. , Bahr Keisha D. , Jury Christopher P. , Toonen Robert J.
Published: September 2022

Successional theory proposes that fast growing and well dispersed opportunistic species are the first to occupy available space. However, these pioneering species have relatively short life cycles and are eventually outcompeted by species that tend to be longer-lived and have lower dispersal capabilities. Using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) as standardized habitats, we examine the assembly and stages of ecological succession among sponge species with distinctive life history traits and physiologies found on cryptic coral reef habitats of Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaiʻi. Sponge recruitment was monitored bimonthly over 2 years on ARMS deployed within a natural coral reef habitat resembling the surrounding climax community and on ARMS placed in unestablished mesocosms receiving unfiltered seawater directly from the natural reef deployment site. Fast growing haplosclerid and calcareous sponges initially recruited to and dominated the mesocosm ARMS. In contrast, only slow growing long-lived species initially recruited to the reef ARMS, suggesting that despite available space, the stage of ecological succession in the surrounding habitat influences sponge community development in uninhabited space. Sponge composition and diversity between early summer and winter months within mesocosm ARMS shifted significantly as the initially recruited short-lived calcareous and haplosclerid species initially recruit and then died off. The particulate organic carbon contribution of dead sponge tissue from this high degree of competition-free community turnover suggests a possible new component to the sponge loop hypothesis which remains to be tested among these pioneering species. This source of detritus could be significant in early community development of young coastal habitats but less so on established coral reefs where the community is dominated by long-lived colonial sponges.
A-to-I nonsynonymous RNA editing was significantly enriched in the ubiquitination site and correlated with clinical features and immune response
Authors: Li Haixia , Wang Jianjun , Tu Juchuanli
Published: September 2022

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional process that alters RNA sequence in a site-specific manner. A-to-I editing is the most abundant as well as the most well-studied type of RNA editing. About 0.5% of A-to-I editing sites were located in the coding regions. Despite of thousands of identified A-to-I nonsynonymous editing sites, the function of nonsynonymous editing was poorly studied. Here, we found that the nonsynonymous editing was significantly enriched in the ubiquitination site, compared to the synonymous editing. This enrichment was also in a modification type dependent manner, since it was not significantly enriched in other modification types. This observation was consistent with previous study that the codons for lysine (AAG and AAA) were enriched in the preferred deamination site for RNA editing. The peptides from proteomic data in CPTAC supported that mRNAs harboring edited ubiquitination sites can be translated into protein in cells. We identified the editing sites on ubiquitination site were significantly differential edited between tumor and para-tumor samples as well as among different subtypes in TCGA datasets and also correlated with clinical outcome, especially for the nonsynonymous editing sites on GSTM5, WDR1, SSR4 and PSMC4. Finally, the enrichment analysis revealed that the function of these above genes was specifically enriched in the immune response pathway. Our study shed a light on understanding the functions of nonsynonymous editing in tumorigenesis and provided nonsynonymous editing targets for potential cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Acute physical-activity related increases in interoceptive ability are not enhanced with simultaneous interoceptive attention
Authors: Wallman-Jones A. , Palser E. R. , Benzing V. , Schmidt M.
Published: September 2022

Interoception, the sense of the internal body, is proposed to support self-regulation, and consequently influence mental health. Researchers have therefore shown interest in improving the ability to accurately monitor internal signals (i.e., interoceptive accuracy, IAcc). Research suggests that cardiac IAcc is modifiable by both manipulations of interoceptive attention (guided attention towards the internal body), and interoceptive exposure (strategically inducing somatic signals e.g., via physical activity). Whilst successful in isolation, it is unclear whether a combined approach (i.e., directing attention towards the internal body when signals are more salient) could elicit greater benefits. In a 2 × 2 within-subject design, 48 healthy adults (Mage = 25.98 ± 4.73 years, 50% female) completed four 20-min conditions varying in both attentional focus (interoceptive vs exteroceptive) and physical activity (active vs rest), with cardiac IAcc measured immediately after. Results revealed a main effect for physical activity (p < 0.001), however, there was no effect for attentional focus (p = 0.397), and no interaction effect (p = 0.797). Differential analyses showed that a higher sporting background increased sensitivity to physical activity-related increases in cardiac IAcc (p = 0.031). Findings indicate that (irrespective of attentional focus) moderate-vigorous physical activity-based interventions have the potential to increase cardiac IAcc, with certain individuals potentially benefiting more.
Inhibition of mTOR in bovine monocyte derived macrophages and dendritic cells provides a potential mechanism for postpartum immune dysfunction in dairy cows
Authors: Sipka Anja S. , Chandler Tawny L. , Weichhart Thomas , Schuberth Hans-Joachim , Mann Sabine
Published: September 2022

Dairy cattle experience a profound nutrient deficit postpartum that is associated with immune dysfunction characterized by heightened inflammation and reduced pathogen clearance. The activation of the central nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway is comparatively reduced in leukocytes of early postpartum dairy cows during this time of most pronounced nutrient deficit. We assessed the effect of pharmacological mTOR inhibition (Torin-1, rapamycin) on differentiation of monocyte derived classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages (MPh) and dendritic cells (moDC) from 12 adult dairy cows. Treatment with mTOR inhibitors generated M1 MPh with increased oxidative burst and expression of IL12 subunits but decreased phagocytosis and expression of IL1B, IL6, and IL10. In M2 MPh, treatment inhibited expression of regulatory features (CD163, ARG2, IL10) skewing the cells toward an M1-like phenotype. In moDC, mTOR inhibition increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL12A, IL12B, IL1B, IL6) and surface CD80. In co-culture with mixed lymphocytes, mTOR-inhibited moDC exhibited a cytokine profile favoring a Th1 response with increased TNF and IFNG production and decreased IL10 concentrations. We conclude that mTOR inhibition in vitro promoted differentiation of inflammatory macrophages with reduced regulatory features and generation of Th1-favoring dendritic cells. These mechanisms could contribute to immune dysregulation in postpartum dairy cows.
Distinct interacting cortical networks for stimulus-response and repetition-suppression
Authors: Eckert David , Reichert Christoph , Bien Christian G. , Heinze Hans-Jochen , Knight Robert T. , Deouell Leon Y. , Dürschmid Stefan
Published: September 2022

Non-invasive studies consider the initial neural stimulus response (SR) and repetition suppression (RS) – the decreased response to repeated sensory stimuli – as engaging the same neurons. That is, RS is a suppression of the SR. We challenge this conjecture using electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings with high spatial resolution in ten patients listening to task-irrelevant trains of auditory stimuli. SR and RS were indexed by high-frequency activity (HFA) across temporal, parietal, and frontal cortices. HFASRand HFARSwere temporally and spatially distinct, with HFARSemerging later than HFASRand showing only a limited spatial intersection with HFASR: most HFASRsites did not demonstrate HFARS, and HFARSwas found where no HFASRcould be recorded. β activity was enhanced in HFARScompared to HFASRcortical sites. θ activity was enhanced in HFASRcompared to HFARSsites. Furthermore, HFASRsites propagated information to HFARSsites via transient θ:β phase-phase coupling. In contrast to predictive coding (PC) accounts our results indicate that HFASRand HFARSare functionally linked but have minimal spatial overlap. HFASRmight enable stable and rapid perception of environmental stimuli across extended temporal intervals. In contrast HFARSmight support efficient generation of an internal model based on stimulus history.
Evaluating the use of absolute binding free energy in the fragment optimisation process
Authors: Alibay Irfan , Magarkar Aniket , Seeliger Daniel , Biggin Philip Charles
Published: September 2022

Key to the fragment optimisation process within drug design is the need to accurately capture the changes in affinity that are associated with a given set of chemical modifications. Due to the weakly binding nature of fragments, this has proven to be a challenging task, despite recent advancements in leveraging experimental and computational methods. In this work, we evaluate the use of Absolute Binding Free Energy (ABFE) calculations in guiding fragment optimisation decisions, retrospectively calculating binding free energies for 59 ligands across 4 fragment elaboration campaigns. We first demonstrate that ABFEs can be used to accurately rank fragment-sized binders with an overall Spearman’s r of 0.89 and a Kendall τ of 0.67, although often deviating from experiment in absolute free energy values with an RMSE of 2.75 kcal/mol. We then also show that in several cases, retrospective fragment optimisation decisions can be supported by the ABFE calculations. Comparing against cheaper endpoint methods, namely Nwat-MM/GBSA, we find that ABFEs offer better ranking power and correlation metrics. Our results indicate that ABFE calculations can usefully guide fragment elaborations to maximise affinity.
Fluorescent risedronate analogue 800CW-pRIS improves tooth extraction-associated abnormal wound healing in zoledronate-treated mice
Authors: Okawa Hiroko , Kondo Takeru , Hokugo Akishige , Cherian Philip , Sundberg Oskar , Campagna Jesus J. , Kashemirov Boris A. , John Varghese , Sun Shuting , Ebetino Frank H. , McKenna Charles E. , Nishimura Ichiro
Published: September 2022

Background

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a rare but serious side effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate drugs (N-BPs) frequently prescribed to reduce skeletal-related events in bone malignancies and osteoporosis. BRONJ is associated with abnormal oral wound healing after dentoalveolar surgery and tooth extraction. We previously found that N-BP chemisorbed to bone mineral hydroxyapatite was dissociated by secondary applied N-BP. This study investigated the effect of the surface equilibrium-based removal of N-BP from jawbone on tooth extraction wound healing of zoledronate (ZOL)-treated mice.

Methods

A pharmacologically inactive N-BP derivative (the 4-pyridyl isomer of risedronate equipped with a near-infrared 800CW fluorescent imaging dye, 800CW-pRIS) was designed and synthesized. 800CW-pRIS was intra-orally injected or topically applied in a deformable nano-scale vesicle formulation (DNV) to the palatal tissue of mice pretreated with ZOL, a potent N-BP. The female C56BL6/J mice were subjected to maxillary molar extraction and oral wound healing was compared for 800CW-pRIS/ZOL, ZOL and untreated control groups.

Results

800CW-pRIS is confirmed to be inactive in inhibiting prenylation in cultured osteoclasts while retaining high affinity for hydroxyapatite. ZOL-injected mice exhibit delayed tooth extraction wound healing with osteonecrosis relative to the untreated controls. 800CW-pRIS applied topically to the jaw one week before tooth extraction significantly reduces gingival oral barrier inflammation, improves extraction socket bone regeneration, and prevents development of osteonecrosis in ZOL-injected mice.

Conclusions

Topical pre-treatment with 800CW-RIS in DNV is a promising approach to prevent the complication of abnormal oral wound healing associated with BRONJ while retaining the anti-resorptive benefit of legacy N-BP in appendicular or vertebrate bones.
Electrochemical performances of a LiFePO4-based heat-treated activated carbon electrode
Authors: Ryu Jihyeon , Yang Sunhye , Back Jongkyu , Eom Seungwook , Kim Ick-Jun
Published: September 2022

Activated carbon surrounded by LFP facilitated the Li+ diffusion and reduced the ionic resistance.
Crystallographic evidence for a continuum and reversal of roles in primary–secondary interactions in antimony Lewis acids: applications in carbonyl activation
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Benny Annabel , Gupta Radhika , Jemmis Eluvathingal D. , Venugopal Ajay
Published: September 2022

A unique approach to designing Lewis acids for substrate activation at the primary binding site is demonstrated using antimony as an example.
Recent progress of sub-1 nm nanomaterials: synthesis, polymer-analogue properties and applications in redox catalysis
Authors: Rong Shujian , Wang Xun
Published: September 2022

In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress of sub-1 nm nanomaterials including their synthesis, polymer-analogue properties and applications in redox catalysis.
Direct growth of three-dimensional nanoflower-like structures from flat metal surfaces
Authors: Dondapati Jesse S. , Govindhan Maduraiveeran , Chen Aicheng
Published: September 2022

Facile growth of advanced three-dimensional CO3O4 nanoflowers with high catalytic activity for water splitting.
The template effect of a SiF62−guest drives the formation of a heteroleptic Fe(ii) coordination helicate
Authors: Capó Nuria , Barrios Leoní A. , Cardona Joan , Ribas-Ariño Jordi , Teat Simon J. , Roubeau Olivier , Aromí Guillem
Published: September 2022

The anion SiF62−acts as template guest in the assembly of an unprecedented dinuclear heteroleptic triple stranded (SiF6@[Fe2(L1)(L2)2])2+helicate exhibiting spin crossover, where L1 and L2 are two different bis-pyrazolylpyridine ligands.
In situ time-resolved monitoring of mixed-ligand metal–organic framework mechanosynthesis
Authors: Rautenberg Max , Bhattacharya Biswajit , Witt Julia , Jain Mohit , Emmerling Franziska
Published: September 2022

The mechanism of mixed-ligand metal–organic framework (MOF) formation, and the possible role of intermediate single-ligand metal complexes during mechanosynthesis, are explored for the first time.
Uncovering the origins of supramolecular similarity in a series of benzimidazole structures
Authors: Orlando Tainára , Lopes Leandro C. , Neumann Darlon A. M. , Andrade Valquiria P. , Mittersteiner Mateus , Rocha Cláudia Q. , Zanatta Nilo , Bonacorso Helio G. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Salbego Paulo R. S.
Published: September 2022

Quantitative similarity indices (IX) were combined with crystallization mechanism proposals to shed more light on the origins of the supramolecular similarity between a series of benzimidazole derivative structures.
Mechanistic insight into functionally different human islet polypeptide (hIAPP) amyloid: the intrinsic role of the C-terminal structural motifs
Authors: Sarkar Dibakar , Maity Narayan Chandra , Shome Gourav , Varnava Kyriakos Gabriel , Sarojini Vijayalekshmi , Vivekanandan Subramanian , Sahoo Nirakar , Kumar Sourav , Mandal Atin Kumar , Biswas Ranjit , Bhunia Anirban
Published: September 2022

Targeting amyloidosis requires high-resolution insight into the underlying mechanisms of amyloid aggregation.
Activated layered double hydroxides: assessing the surface anion basicity and its connection with the catalytic activity in the cyanoethylation of alcohols
Authors: Castro Guadalupe , Valente Jaime S. , Galván Marcelo , Ireta Joel
Published: September 2022

Catalytic activity correlates with the local softness at the oxygen lone pairs of the adsorbed anions.
LiMn2O4 cathodes with F anion doping for superior performance of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wan Zijing , Jiang Xiaoxue , Xu Dongwei , Luo Xiaobing
Published: September 2022

Theoretical analysis revealed LiMn2O4 with F-doping improves the voltage of lithium-ion batteries and retards its capacity decay via reducing the lattice oxygen loss.
Structure and stability of 7-mercapto-4-methylcoumarin self-assembled monolayers on gold: an experimental and computational analysis
Authors: Marchi Davide , Cara Eleonora , Lupi Federico Ferrarese , Hönicke Philipp , Kayser Yves , Beckhof Burkhard , Castellino Micaela , Klapetek Petr , Zoccante Alberto , Laus Michele , Cossi Maurizio
Published: September 2022

The maximum density of thiol self-assembled monolayers on gold surface is determined by a comparison of Molecular Dynamics, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Correlations between structure, microstructure and ionic conductivity in (Gd,Sm)-doped ceria
Authors: Artini Cristina , Viviani Massimo , Presto Sabrina , Massardo Sara , Carnasciali Maria Maddalena , Gigli Lara , Pani Marcella
Published: September 2022

In (Gd,Sm)-doped ceria, currently studied as the electrolyte in solid oxide cells, the range of ceria-based solid solution is larger than in singly-doped ceria, and a lower activation energy to ionic conduction occurs above a threshold temperature.
High performance dual-electrolyte magnesium–iodine batteries that can harmlessly resorb in the environment or in the body
Authors: Huang Ivy , Zhang Yamin , Arafa Hany M. , Li Shupeng , Vazquez-Guardado Abraham , Ouyang Wei , Liu Fei , Madhvapathy Surabhi , Song Joseph Woojin , Tzavelis Andreas , Trueb Jacob , Choi Yeonsik , Jeang William J. , Forsberg Viviane , Higbee-Dempsey Elizabeth , Ghoreishi-Haack Nayereh , Stepien Iwona , Bailey Keith , Han Shuling , Zhang Zheng Jenny , Good Cameron , Huang Yonggang , Bandodkar Amay J. , Rogers John A.
Published: September 2022

High-performance eco- and bio-resorbable magnesium–iodine batteries with >1.8 V output power cardiac pacemakers, wireless environmental monitors, thermal sensors, microcontrollers, and Bluetooth systems.
Concluding remarks: Directing and controlling materials and molecules
Authors: Fleming Graham R.
Published: September 2022

Controlling materials, especially quantum materials, is a key goal of physical science. Biology provides inspiration for control of materials and molecules via feedback loops.
An in vitro cascade with four enzymes for the production of d-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid from d-xylose
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Ma Liting , Sun Weikang , Xiao Dan , Lü Chuanjuan , Wang Qian , Xu Ping , Ma Cuiqing , Gao Chao
Published: September 2022

Production of d-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid by using an NAD+ and ATP free in vitro cascade with four enzymes from d-xylose, the predominant sugar in hemicellulosic biomass.
Importance of physical units in the Boltzmann plot method
Authors: Völker Tobias , Gornushkin Igor B.
Published: September 2022

Dimensional analysis of the Boltzmann plot equation used to determine the temperature in a laboratory plasma.
Deciphering C–H⋯O/X weak hydrogen bonding and halogen bonding interactions in aromatic peptoids
Authors: Purushotham Manasa , Paul Bishwajit , Gajula Siva Nageswara Rao , Sahariah Biswajit , Sonti Rajesh
Published: September 2022

We deciphered weak interactions in aromatic peptoids, such as C–H⋯O/X, and simultaneously identified strong interactions, including N–H⋯N and N–H⋯O, in this class of foldamer.
A high-performance polymer hydrogel derived from konjac flying powder for removal of heavy metals
Authors: Zhong Liuyue , Li Tingcheng , Zhang Junheng , Chen Shaohua , Zhang Daohong
Published: September 2022

Agricultural byproducts have excellent potential for pollutant remediation due to the low-cost and environmental sustainability.
Synthesis and structural features of a series of Cu(i) furan-2-thiocarboxylate complexes: efficient “click” catalysts for the synthesis of glycoconjugates and glycocluster
Authors: Kumar Krishna , Agrahari Anand K. , Pratap Rajesh , Tiwari Vinod K. , Bhattacharya Subrato
Published: September 2022

A series of phosphinecopper(i) thiocarboxylates have been synthesized and characterized structurally. These complexes act as efficient catalysts for the 'click' azide–alkyne cycloaddition leading to glycoconjugates and a glycocluster.
A portable smartphone-based detection of glyphosate based on inhibiting peroxidase-like activity of heptanoic acid/Prussian blue decorated Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Dan , Wang Chunqiong , Yang Dezhi , Deng Huimin , Li Qiulan , Chen Li , Zhao Gaokun , Shi Junli , Zhang Ke , Yang Yaling
Published: September 2022

The schematic representation of the colorimetric sensors for glyphosate detection.
LDH-assisted growth of FeCo bimetal-MOF nanorods for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Tang Lin , Cai Minjuan , Zhang Maosheng , Chen Xi , Cai Zhixiong
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a strategy for transforming FeCo-LDH nanosheets into 1D FeCo-MOF nanorods in situ for efficient OER. This strategy solves the problem that MOFs are difficult to grow on conductive substrates under traditional synthesis conditions.
CFD modeling of a membrane reactor concept for integrated CO2 capture and conversion
Authors: Huang Hong , Samsun Remzi Can , Peters Ralf , Stolten Detlef
Published: September 2022

Development of a catalytic membrane reactor concept and investigation of its performance by CFD simulations.
Hydrated lithiumnido-boranes for solid–liquid hybrid batteries
Authors: Souza Diego H. P. , Humphries Terry D. , Liu Yu , Gradišek Anton , D'Angelo Anita M. , Buckley Craig E. , Paskevicius Mark
Published: September 2022

Hydrated and anhydrous LiB11H14salts are prepared through a facile approach. Liquid-like Li+conductivity (10−2S cm−1) is observed for a-LiB11H14·(H2O)nat 60 °C. LiB11H14·2H2O is classified as a new class of ionic liquid as it melts near 70 °C.
Characterization of Pr0.5A0.5Fe0.9W0.1O3−δ (A = Ca, Sr and Ba) as symmetric electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zheng Hongmei , Wu Yujie , Chen Hongfei , Gao Yue , Lü Zhe , Wei Bo
Published: September 2022

The effect of alkaline-earth cations doping on performance of tungsten-doped ferrite-based perovskites for symmetric electrodes of SSOFCs was investigated.
Tracking Janus microswimmers in 3D with machine learning
Authors: Bailey Maximilian Robert , Grillo Fabio , Isa Lucio
Published: September 2022

ML models can identify underlying structures in large datasets. Here, we use ML models to robustly predict the 3D trajectories of microswimmers from defocused 2D microscopy images, and find that ensemble Decision Tree models perform the best.
Influence of dodecyl surfactants on the cross-linking, plasticization and damping behavior of epoxy novolac resins
Authors: Minu Sathiadasan , Ramani Ramasubbu , Shekar Ramakrishna Indu , Kotresh Teggina Math , Padaki Naveen Vijay
Published: September 2022

Epoxy novolac resins modified with dodecyl surfactants exhibited ‘partial segmental confinement’ of epoxy chains leading to increased inter-chain spacing, stiffness and damping properties together with reduced cross-link density andTg.
CO2 electroreduction activity and dynamic structural evolution of in situ reduced nickel-indium mixed oxides
Authors: Pardo Pérez Laura C. , Chalkley Zora , Wendt Robert , Ahmet Ibbi Y. , Wollgarten Markus , Mayer Matthew T.
Published: September 2022

Nickel-indium mixed oxides catalyse electrochemical CO2 reduction with high CO selectivity (71%), contrasting NiO (H2 > 90%) and In2O3 (HCOO− > 80%). Dynamic structural transformations dependent on bias and time are observed during operation.
Spontaneous energy generation at the air–hydrogel interface with ultrahigh ion activity
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Yang Rongjie , Yang Tao , Luo Zisheng , Su Bin , Lin Xingyu
Published: September 2022

Hydrogels generate green energy with remarkable running time in air due to a novel mechanism – ion enrichment effect at the interface.
Hydrogels allow the precise growth tracking of plasmonic gold nanoparticles for mercury analysis
Authors: Zhang Hang , Luo Jun Jiang , Sun Zhe , Zou Hao Lin , Luo Hong Qun , Li Nian Bing , Li Bang Lin
Published: September 2022

Hydrogels offer skeletons for the formation and in-situ encapsulation of plasmonic gold nanoparticles. Due to the precise size tracking, the signal amplification is integrated in hydrogel phases for the visual and stable analysis of mercury ions.
Dithia[9]helicenes: Molecular design, surface imaging, and circularly polarized luminescence with enhanced dissymmetry factors
Authors: Baciu Bianca C. , Bronk Pawel J. , de Ara Tamara , Rodriguez Rafael , Morgante Pierpaolo , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Sabater Carlos , Untiedt Carlos , Autschbach Jochen , Crassous Jeanne , Guijarro Albert
Published: September 2022

Synthesis of two dithia[9]helicenes by means of a LED-based double photocyclization is reported.
TAK1 protein kinase activity is required for TLR signalling and cytokine production in myeloid cells
Authors: Rodrigues Melissa , Petrova Tsvetana , Tibbs Brendan , Arthur J. Simon C. , Cohen Philip
Published: September 2022

A conditional knock-in mouse was generated in which the TAK1 catalytic subunit was largely replaced by the kinase-inactive TAK1[D175A] mutant in immune cells. The activation of p38α MAP kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 and 2 (JNK1/2) and the canonical IKK complex induced by stimulation with several TLR-activating ligands was reduced in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from TAK1[D175A] mice. TLR signalling in TAK1[D175A] BMDM was catalysed by the residual wild-type TAK1 in these cells because it was abolished by either of two structurally unrelated TAK1 inhibitors (NG25 and 5Z-7-oxozeaenol) whose off-target effects do not overlap. The secretion of inflammatory mediators and production of the mRNAs encoding these cytokines induced by TLR ligation was greatly reduced in peritoneal neutrophils or BMDM from TAK1[D175A] mice. The Pam3CSK4- or LPS-stimulated activation of MAP kinases and the canonical IKK complex, as well as cytokine secretion, was also abolished in TAK1 knock-out human THP1 monocytes or macrophages. The results establish that TAK1 protein kinase activity is required for TLR-dependent signalling and cytokine secretion in myeloid cells from mice. We discuss possible reasons why other investigators, studying myeloid mice with a conditional knock-out of TAK1 or a different conditional kinase-inactive knock-in of TAK1, reported TAK1 to be a negative regulator of LPS-signalling and cytokine production in mouse macrophages and neutrophils.
Severe psychiatric disorders and general medical comorbidities: inflammation-related mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Teixeira Antonio L. , Martins Lais B. , Berk Michael , Bauer Moisés E.
Published: September 2022

Individuals with severe psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia, are at increased risk of developing other medical conditions, especially cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. These medical conditions are underdiagnosed and undertreated in these patients contributing to their increased morbidity and mortality. The basis for this increased comorbidity is not well understood, possibly reflecting shared risks factors (e.g. lifestyle risk factors), shared biological mechanisms and/or reciprocal interactions. Among overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms, inflammation and related factors, such as dysbiosis and insulin resistance, stand out. Besides underlying the association between psychiatric disorders and cardiometabolic diseases, these mechanisms provide several potential therapeutic targets.
Optimal strategy for a periodic review inventory system with discounted variable cost and finite ordering capacity
Authors: Zhu Chenbo , Yang Baimei , Ma Hongwei , Gao Chunyan , Chen Jiahao
Published: September 2022

We study a periodic review inventory system with finite ordering capacity, and assume the variable ordering cost would be discounted when the ordering quantity is the full capacity. Applying the concept of strong CK-concavity, we show that the optimal pricing and ordering strategy could be partially characterized by an (S, S′, p) strategy in four regions depending on the starting inventory level per period. Numerical experiments verify the proposed strategy.
Differentialdiagnose, Medical Screening und das Flaggensystem in der Sportphysiotherapie
Authors: Zalpour Christoff
Published: September 2022

Sportphysiotherapeuten finden sich häufig in der Situation wieder, alleine entscheiden zu müssen, wie sie einem Sportler helfen – sei es nach einer Verletzung oder bei plötzlich auftauchenden Beschwerden. Eine große Herausforderung - für die sie diagnostisch besonders fit sein müssen.
Time-dependent Effects of Moderate- and High-intensity Exercises on
Myocardial Transcriptomics
Authors: Li Shunchang , Ma Jiacheng , Pang Xiaoli , Liang Yu , Li Xiaole , Wang Manda , Yuan Jinghan , Pan Yanrong , Fu Yu , Laher Ismail
Published: September 2022

The heart is a highly adaptable organ that responds to changes in functional
requirements due to exposure to internal and external stimuli. Physical exercise
has unique stimulatory effects on the myocardium in both healthy individuals and
those with health disorders, where the effects are primarily determined by the
intensity and recovery time of exercise. We investigated the time-dependent
effects of different exercise intensities on myocardial transcriptional
expression in rats. Moderate intensity exercise induced more differentially
expressed genes in the myocardium than high intensity exercise, while 16
differentially expressed genes were down-regulated by moderate intensity
exercise but up-regulated by high intensity exercise at 12 h post-
exercise. Both Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
analysis indicated that moderate intensity exercise specifically regulated gene
expression related to heart adaptation, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress,
while high intensity exercise specifically regulated gene expression related to
immunity, inflammation, and apoptosis. Moreover, there was increased expression
of Tbx5, Casq1, Igsf1, and Ddah1 at all time points after moderate intensity
exercise, while there was increased expression of Card9 at all time points after
high intensity exercise. Our study provides a better understanding of the
intensity dependent effects of physical exercise of the molecular mechanisms of
cardiac adaptation to physical exercise.
Comparison of a High-Pitch Non-ECG-Gated and a Prospective ECG-Gated Protocol for Preprocedural Computed Tomography Imaging Before TAVI/TAVR
Authors: Shnayien Seyd , Beetz Nick Lasse , Bressem Keno Kyrill , Hamm Bernd , Niehues Stefan Markus
Published: September 2022

Purpose Preprocedural computed tomography (CT) imaging before transcatheter aortic valve implantation/replacement (TAVI/TAVR) requires high diagnostic accuracy without motion artifacts. The aim of this retrospective study is to compare the image quality of a high-pitch non-electrocardiography (ECG)-gated CT protocol used in patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias with a prospectively ECG-gated CT protocol used in patients with sinus rhythm.

Materials and Methods We retrospectively included 108 patients who underwent preprocedural CT imaging before TAVI/TAVR. 52 patients with sinus rhythm were imaged using a prospectively ECG-gated protocol (Group A), and 56 patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias were imaged using the high-pitch non-ECG-gated protocol (Group B). Image quality was rated subjectively by two experienced radiologists and assessed by objective parameters including radiation dose, image noise, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the levels of the aortic root and abdominal aorta.

Results Subjective image quality was equally good with both CT protocols, and interrater agreement was substantial in both groups but tended to be higher in Group B at the level of the aortic root (Group A: κw = 0.644, Group B: κw = 0.741). With the high-pitch non-ECG-gated CT protocol, image noise was significantly increased (p = 0.001), whereas the SNR, CNR, and radiation dose were significantly decreased (p = 0.002, p = 0.003, and p < 0.001, respectively) at the level of the aortic root compared to the prospectively ECG-gated CT protocol.

Conclusion The high-pitch non-ECG-gated protocol yields images with similar subjective image quality compared with the prospectively ECG-gated CT protocol and allows motion-free assessment of the aortic root for accurate TAVI/TAVR planning. The high-pitch non-ECG-gated protocol may be used as an alternative for preprocedural CT imaging in patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias.

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Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: Correlation of Imaging Findings with Neurological Outcome
Authors: Yousefzadeh-Chabok Shahrokh , Asadi Khatereh , Jahanbakhsh Javid , Rad Enayatollah Homaie , Reihanian Zoheir , Modaenama Morteza
Published: September 2022

Abstracts

Background Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is extremely costly to the global health system. Due to the significant frequency rate of traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries (TCSCI), the possible association between imaging findings and clinical outcome is not yet clear. In this study, we quantified maximum spinal cord compression and maximum cord swelling following TCSCI and determined the relevance of imaging findings to clinical outcome in patients.

Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort comprises 20 patients with TCSCIs (C3-C7), classified as complete, incomplete, and no SCI, who were treated at the Poursina Hospital, Iran, from 2018 to 2020, and underwent spinal surgery. Patients with penetrating injuries and multiple trauma were excluded. Imaging findings revealing spinal cord compression, swelling, and canal stenosis, based on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grades of patients from hospital admission (up to 48 hours after injury) and improvement of postoperative neurological symptoms (6–12 months) were evaluated.

Results Cord compression (p = 0.05) and cord swelling (p = 0.02) were significantly related to predictive neurological outcomes in all cases. Evaluation with AIS at hospital admission and at 6 to 12 months postoperatively showed significant correlation with fracture type (p = 0.05) and the longitudinal length of the intramedullary lesion (IML); p = 0.01, respectively.

Conclusion According to the results obtained in this study, it may be concluded that there is a significant association between cervical spinal cord compression and swelling, and clinical outcomes in patients with complete, incomplete, and no SCI.
Recurrence of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in the Frontal Lobe After Eleven Years of the Initial Diagnosis: Histopathological Findings and Prognosis
Authors: Cambruzzi Eduardo , Ferreira Nelson Pires , Ferreira Marcelo Paglioli , Gago Guilherme , Bertinatti João Pedro Pattussi
Published: September 2022

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare, high-grade, T-cell neoplasm classified into cutaneous primary, systemic primary ALK-positive (ALK+), systemic primary ALK-negative, or breast-implant associated. Secondary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by systemic primary ALK+ ALCL is a rare occurrence. We present a case of CNS involvement by ALK+ ALCL eleven years after diagnosis of the primary tumor in the thoracic vertebra. The anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ALK+ ALCL. A brief review of the treatment and the clinical and pathological aspects is presented.
A Pilot Study for Understanding the Association between Susceptibility, Miasm and Posology in Homeopathic Management of Essential Hypertension
Authors: Patel Neha
Published: September 2022

Background There are many randomised controlled studies/observational studies done so far to study the role of homeopathy in the management of essential hypertension. However, the focus of this study is to understand the association between susceptibility, miasm and posology that play a key role in homeopathic management of essential hypertension.

Materials and Methods A retrospective assessment of cases was conducted on 50 cases. Tools like conceptual image, planning and programming and the standard parameters evolved were used to identify susceptibility, miasm and posology in the cases and the association between the three was tested by using chi-squared test.

Result In cases where the dominant miasm was tubercular (60%), susceptibility was high; potencies used were 1M (40%) and 10M (20%) (p = 0.01662, p < 0.05) and the repetition was infrequent (p = 0.00087, p < 0.05).

In cases where the dominant miasm was sycotic (40%), susceptibility was high in 16% of the cases and low in 24% of the cases; potencies used were 200 (24%) and 1M (16%) (p = 0.01662, p < 0.05) and the repetitions were frequent in 24% of the cases and infrequent in 16% of the cases (p = 0.00087, p < 0.05).

Conclusion In cases where susceptibility was high, the dominant miasm was tubercular, potencies used were 1 and 10M and the repetition of dose was infrequent; whereas in cases where susceptibility was low, in majority of those cases the dominant miasm was sycotic, potency used was 200 and the repetition of dose was frequent.
Serum SCUBE-1 Levels and Return of Spontaneous Circulation Following Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Adult Patients
Authors: Yılmaz Cahit , Gülen Bedia , Sönmez Ertan , Akbay Dursun , Söğüt Özgür , Özdemir Serdar , Özer Ömer Faruk
Published: September 2022

Background SCUBE 1-has been used as a biomarker for the diagnoses of myocardial infarction, stroke, mesenteric ischemia, and gastric cancer in some recent studies. In this study, we investigated the relationship between serum SCUBE−1 levels and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Methods Patients over 18 years of age who were not pregnant and received CPR were divided into two groups: those who achieved ROSC and those who died. There were 25 patients in each group. SCUBE−1 and other routine biochemical parameters were studied in blood samples taken at the time of admission.

Results There was no significant difference between the age and gender distribution of the patients between the two groups. The SCUBE−1 value of the ROSC group was significantly higher than that of the non-survivor group (p ˂ 0.05). At a cut-off value of 9 ng/mL, SCUBE−1 had a sensitivity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 65.8%, specificity of 48%, and a negative predictive value of 100% in predicting ROSC.

Conclusions The SCUBE−1 values were found to be significantly higher in the ROSC group compared with the non-survivor group.
The Applicability of Thromboelastography in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review
Authors: Pîrlog Bianca O. , Grotta James C.
Published: September 2022

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to cerebral artery occlusion is often treated by thrombolytics or antithrombotic drugs. Thromboelastography (TEG) is a noninvasive test that provides a dynamic overview of the coagulation process. TEG may help guide thrombolytic and antithrombotic therapy in AIS. This article aims to highlight the potential use of TEG in AIS patients by reviewing available studies. We conducted a literature review, including PubMed and Cochrane library databases. The following keywords were used to find relevant studies: thromboelastography, TEG, acute ischemic stroke, stroke, coagulopathy, antiplatelet, and anticoagulant treatment. We identified 142 papers and after abstract review, we included 24 studies in this report. TEG identified a hypercoagulable state in AIS patients represented by short R, K, and greater α angle in all papers included. Modification of TEG parameters induced by intravenous thrombolysis was inconsistent but prolonged lysis (increased LY30) and weaker clots (lower maximum amplitude) were most frequent. TEG detected hypo-coagulopathy induced by dual antiplatelet therapy as well as antiplatelet drug resistance, with ticagrelor and aspirin having greater inhibition of platelet activity. A prolonged R-value seems to be the most reliable TEG parameter in detecting the anticoagulant effect of factor Xa inhibitor treatment. TEG might represent a useful point-of-care test for emergency decision-making in AIS patients and a tool for individualized treatment options. This hypothesis needs validation in a large cohort of prospectively studied AIS patients.
Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) 3.0: a software review
Authors: Brüggemann Philipp , Rajguru Kunjan
Published: September 2022

Comparative analyses of different publications on the same topic are becoming increasingly popular in several areas of marketing research. Especially in research strands with many different empirical studies, there is a strong need for a systematic method to verify the multitude of results. Meta-analysis is such a method to empirically synthesize multiple research results. This software review examines probably the most popular software for the implementation of meta-analyses: Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) 3.0 (https://www.meta-analysis.com/).
Influence of the properties of the plate surface on the oscillations of the cramped drop
Authors: Pyankova Marina A. , Alabuzhev Aleksey A.
Published: September 2022

We consider free and forced oscillations of a clamped liquid drop. The drop is surrounded by an incompressible fluid of a different density. In equilibrium, the drop has the form of a circular cylinder bounded axially by parallel solid planes, and the contact angle is right. These plates have different surface (chemical, mechanical, and geometrical) properties. The solution is represented as a Fourier series in eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator. The resulting system of complex equations for unknown amplitudes was solved numerically. The fundamental frequency of free oscillations can vanish in a certain interval of values of the Hocking parameter. The length of this interval depends on the aspect ratio of the drop. Frequencies of other eigenmodes of the drop decrease monotonically with increasing Hocking parameters.
Aeroacoustic simulation of transient vortex dynamics subjected to high-intensity acoustic waves
Authors: Qiang Xu , Wang Peng , Liu Yingzheng
Published: September 2022

The transient vortex dynamics within a microsecond-level acoustic cycle were numerically investigated when an orifice–cavity structure, which is a unit component of an acoustic liner, was subjected to high-intensity acoustic waves. Three-dimensional vortex-acoustic coupling fields were determined by solving the compressible linearized Navier–Stokes equations (LNSEs) and considering the nonlinear thermoviscous effect around the micro-orifice. First, the LNSE results were well validated by literature results in terms of the sound absorption coefficient, reflection coefficient, acoustic resistance, acoustic reactance, acoustic impedance, and the spatial features of acoustically induced vortex structures. Subsequent cross correlation analysis demonstrated that attenuated standing-waves were generated inside the back cavity when the incident acoustic wave propagated across the orifice. Aeroacoustic energy analysis revealed that the periodic production of vortex kinetic energy contributed more to the sound attenuation in the orifice structure than the viscous dissipation effect. Then, the acoustically induced vortex dynamics were characterized in terms of a phase-dependent evolution process, and the formation, convection, and dissipation regions were classified. Finally, dynamic mode decomposition analyses were conducted to extract the dominant vortex structures by determining their frequency spectra. The dominant modes contained large-scale vortices around the orifice, while the high-order modes contained a series of small-scale vortices toward the upstream incident tube and downstream cavity.