bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Formulation for Ginkgolide B Solid Dispersion
Authors: Wu Xiao , Huo Qing , Quan Qizhe , Yang Xiaofang , Yu Na , Wang Yue
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of our study is to optimize the formulation for Ginkgolide B (GB) solid dispersion in order to improve its dissolution in water. For the preparation of GB solid dispersion, we use a solvent method. The optimized formulation consists of GB : PVPK30 = 1:10, PVPK30 as the carrier, and ethanol : dichloromethane = 1:1 as the solvent. They were treated ultrasonically for 10 min at 60°C. The results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and particle size analysis show that the morphological appearance of GB changed significantly in solid dispersion. The original crystal form of GB no longer existed, but it was uniformly dispersed within PVPK30 in a non-crystalline form. It is probably because the -C=O in GB forms hydrogen bonds with the -OH of PVPK30 or urea; this produces a nice solid dispersion and significantly improves the dissolution of GB in water. When GB is in a solid dispersion system, GB’s dissolution in water could be enhanced from 30% to 80%. Furthermore, it may even be produced as a solid agent.
Factors Influencing the Successful Isolation and Expansion of Aging Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Chong Pan Pan , Selvaratnam Lakshmi , Abbas Azlina A. , Kamarul Tunku
Published: August 2018

Most studies highlight mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted primarily from bone marrow (BM), very few report the use of peripheral blood (PB), often due to the associated low seeding density and difficulties with extraction techniques. As ageing populations are becoming more predominant globally, together with escalating demands for MSC transplantation and tissue regeneration, obtaining quality MSCs suitable for induced differentiation and biological therapies becomes increasingly important. In this study, BM and PB were obtained from elderly patients and extracted MSCs grown in vitro to determine their successful isolation and expansion. Patients’ socio-demographic background and other medical information were obtained from medical records. Successful and failed cultures were correlated with key demographic and medical parameters. A total of 112 samples (BM or PB) were used for this study. Of these, 50 samples (44.6%) were successfully cultured according to standardised criteria with no signs of contamination. Our comparative analyses demonstrated no statistical correlation between successful MSC cultures and any of the six demographic or medical parameters examined, including sample quantity, age, sex, race, habits and underlying comorbidities of sample donors. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that typical demographics and comorbidities do not influence successful MSC isolation and expansion in culture.
Attenuation of oxidative stress and hepatic damage by white butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats
Authors: Molehin Olorunfemi R. , Oloyede Omotade I.
Published: August 2018

Background

The negative impact of diabetes on the liver is well documented. The white butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaf has been used in traditional practices for the treatment of various diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and rheumatism, but without scientific validation. This work was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective properties of Clerodendrum volubile leaves on oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats.

Methods

The rats were divided into ten groups of five rats each. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight; i.p), while the C. volubile extract (at the respective doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) was given to diabetic and non-diabetic rats orally for 14 days. Metformin (100 mg/kg body weight) served as the positive control. Biochemical assays were conducted on the plasma for hematological parameters, along with hepatic marker damages and antioxidant enzyme determination in vivo to assess hepatic injury.

Results

The diabetic control rats showed significant increase (p<0.05) in marker enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and malondiadehyde with reduction in reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and plasma total protein content. Likewise, there were alterations in hematological indices in the diabetic control rats when compared with the normal control. However, treatment with C. volubile caused a reversal of the above parameters towards normal levels, thereby suggesting the modulating effect of the extract on oxidative stress, which may be a result of the high polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity.

Conclusions

The protection of the liver tissues and the modulation of oxidative stress in STZ diabetic rats compare favorably to metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug.
Muscle stretching with deep and slow breathing patterns: a pilot study for therapeutic development
Authors: Wongwilairat Kulwarang , Buranruk Orawan , Eungpinichpong Wichai , Puntumetakul Rungthip , Kantharadussadee-Triamchaisri Somporn
Published: August 2018

Background

Chronic neck pain is frequently found in office workers affecting quality of life; also, stress is one participating factor. Though stretching incorporating deep-slow breathing (DSB) has benefits on health, an effective and suitable technique for office workers to perform in the workplace is a gap in need of fulfilment.

Methods

We explored the effective pattern of stretching with DSB to reduce neck tension and promote relaxation within the shortest time. Thirty-two female participants with neck tension were allocated into two steps totaling five patterns (n=8 for each pattern). Firstly, they performed two patterns; two other patterns were developed and compared with DSB alone. Muscle tension, pain score, and heart rate variability (HRV) were immediately measured.

Results

All patterns performed with the eyes closed decreased muscle tension more than those performed with the eyes open; the pain amid all stretching groups subsequently decreased. Only a bout of slow stretching, performed synchronously with the eyes closed along with a period of deep inhalation increased the parasympathetic activity of HRV; an increase in pain was reported after stretching.

Conclusions

A slowed and synchronized pattern between stretching with DSB and eyes closed period, performed at least four times repeatedly rendered benefits in reducing neck pain and tension, in addition to promoting relaxation within a short period; however, the DSB pattern and the feeling of the stretched muscle to promote relaxation were individual differences. Thus, future studies should come up with apposite training methods adjusted to fit individuals; self-awareness toward these aspects ought to be encouraged.
Pseudomesotheliomatous primary squamous cell lung carcinoma: The first case reported in Turkey and a review of the literature
Authors: Katgi Nuran , Unlu Mehmet , Cimen Pinar , Oner Emre , Serez Bilkay , Giakoup Derya
Published: August 2018

In rare cases, pseudomesotheliomatous tumors spread diffusely within the pleura to form an encasing mass, which may be confused with diffuse malignant mesothelioma (DMM). A 73-year-old male presented with chest pain, dyspnea and a significant loss of weight and appetite. His radiological and clinical features suggested DMM. However, immunohistochemical studies revealed a primary squamous cell cancer of the lung. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of pseudomesotheliomatous primary squamous cell lung cancer in Turkey, and also the seventh case worldwide. The present report aims to present this case, along with a review of the medical literature.
Characterisation of Drawing Papers for Borko Lazeski’s Cartoons (1951–56)
Authors: Kostadinovska Maja
Published: August 2018

This paper presents a study of the drawing papers from Borko Lazeski’s cartoons for a mural painting. The collection is comprised of more than 20 single pieces (170×500 cm) executed in charcoal, pencil, pastel, tempera and ink. The cartoons exhibit different types of damages, such as grease stains, moisture stains, cracks, flaking paint, areas of loss caused by insects and mould stains. The study included spot tests, ATR-FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy to characterise the artist’s papers. They were found to be a type of paper composed of partly bleached, neutral sulphite semi-chemical (NSSC) wood pulp originating from coniferous trees (softwood) with the occasional use of abaca fibres. The laboratory tests revealed slightly acidic conditions (pH=5.01–6.52), high lignin content (>5 %) and alum-rosin sizing. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed all findings of the spot tests. Micro-Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of gypsum in the papers. The study addresses conservation issues arising from the chemical nature of the paper support and highlights the need for an extended study in order to be able to make informed treatment choices.
Ein ökonomisches Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von Reaktionsgemischen bei Lewis-Säure-induzierten elektrophilen Aromatensubstitutionen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Mezger Jochen , Stoyanov Edmond V.
Published: August 2018

Reaction mixtures from Friedel-Crafts reactions can be worked up simply and economically by replacing the hydrolysis step by alcoholysis.
Structural and IR-spectroscopic characterization of pyridinium acesulfamate, a monoclinic twin
Authors: Baran Enrique J. , Piro Oscar E. , Echeverría Gustavo A. , Parajón-Costa Beatriz S.
Published: August 2018

The crystal structure of pyridinium 6-methyl-1,2,3,-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide [(C5NH6)(C4H4NO4S)], for short, pyH(ace), was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes as a twin in the monoclinic space groupP21/cwitha=6.9878(9),b=7.2211(7),c=21.740(2) Å,β=91.67(1)° andZ=4 molecules per unit cell. The structure was determined employing 1599 reflections withI>2σ(I) from one of the twin domains and refined employing 2092 reflections from both crystal domains to an agreement R1 factor of 0.0466. Besides electrostatic attractions, intermolecular pyH···O=C(ace) hydrogen bonds stabilize the acesulfamate anion and the pyridinium cation into planar discrete units parallel to the (100) crystal plane. The units form stacks of alternating ace−and pyH+ions along theaaxis that favors inter-ring π–π interactions. The Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of the compound was recorded and is briefly discussed. Some comparisons with related pyridinium saccharinate salts are also made.
Physiological Responses to Linear and Nonlinear Soccer-specific Match Simulations and Their Effects on Lower-Limb Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Uddin Nasir , Jeffries Owen , Read Paul , Howe Louis , Patterson Stephen , Waldron Mark
Published: August 2018

Uddin, N, Jeffries, O, Read, P, Howe, L, Patterson, S, and Waldron, M. Physiological responses to linear and nonlinear soccer-specific match simulations and their effects on lower-limb muscle fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3232–3240, 2020—The aims of this study were to: (a) investigate the effects of linear and nonlinear soccer simulations on lower-limb muscle function and physiological responses and (b) evaluate the relationship between match-running demands and changes in lower-limb muscle function. In a repeated-measures cross-over design, 8 participants completed either a linear or nonlinear adapted Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) on 2 occasions. The movement of players was tracked with a global positioning system, while lower-limb muscle function tests and physiological measurements were performed before and every 15 minutes during the simulation. There were no differences in distance covered, yet high-speed running (p = 0.007), accelerations (p = 0.008), and decelerations (p = 0.015) were higher in the linear LIST. Mean heart rate (p = 0.001) and ratings of perceived exertion (p = 0.013) were higher in the nonlinear LIST. Peak landing forces (p = 0.017) and jump height (p = 0.001) were reduced between baseline and 90 minutes but were not different between conditions. Changes in peak landing forces from baseline to half-time (r = −0.57, n = 16, p = 0.022) and full-time (r = −0.58, n = 16, p = 0.019) were related to high-speed running. Hamstring force was unaffected by time (p = 0.448) but was reduced in the linear LIST (p = 0.044). Protocols posing different external and internal demands elicited similar levels of fatigue across simulations. Hamstring function was not an effective indicator of fatigue, but our results highlight the greater demands placed on this muscle group when higher-speed running is performed.
Countermovement Jump Reliability Performed With and Without an Arm Swing in NCAA Division 1 Intercollegiate Basketball Players
Authors: Heishman Aaron D. , Daub Bryce D. , Miller Ryan M. , Freitas Eduardo D.S. , Frantz Brett A. , Bemben Michael G.
Published: August 2018

Heishman, AD, Daub, BD, Miller, RM, Freitas, EDS, Frantz, BA, and Bemben, MG. Countermovement jump reliability performed with and without an arm swing in NCAA Division 1 intercollegiate basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 546–558, 2020—The countermovement jump (CMJ) is routinely used in athlete performance to quantify adaptions to training, as well as monitor neuromuscular readiness and fatigue. However, controversy remains in whether to incorporate an arm swing during the CMJ (CMJ AS) or keep the hands placed on the hips (CMJ NAS). Incorporating the arms provides a higher degree of sport-specificity that may yield improved reliability, especially in skilled jumpers. By contrast, the hands-on-hips approach isolates lower extremity force production and eliminates potential arm-swing variation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the reliability of CMJ typical (CMJ-TYP), CMJ concentric alternative (CMJ-Conc-ALT), and CMJ eccentric alternative (CMJ-Ecc-ALT) variables obtained during the CMJ AS and CMJ NAS. Twenty-two (men = 14, women = 8) NCAA Division 1 collegiate basketball players performed 3 CMJ AS and 3 CMJ NAS on a force plate, in a randomized order. To assess the test-retest reliability, participants returned 1 week later to perform 3 additional CMJ AS and 3 CMJ NAS. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used to assess intersession and intrasession reliability for the various CMJ variables. A majority of CMJ-TYP and several CMJ-Conc-ALT and CMJ-Ecc-ALT variables exhibited adequate intersession and intrasession reliability (ICC > 0.700 and CV <10%) during both the CMJ AS and the CMJ NAS. Countermovement jump AS may provide more pertinent information about long-term changes in sport-specific performance, whereas the CMJ NAS may be more beneficial for detecting acute changes in neuromuscular fatigue and athlete readiness.
Deciphering the Contribution of Oriens-Lacunosum/Moleculare (OLM) Cells to Intrinsic θ Rhythms Using Biophysical Local Field Potential (LFP) Models
Authors: Chatzikalymniou Alexandra P. , Skinner Frances K.
Published: August 2018

Oscillations in local field potentials (LFPs) are prevalent and contribute to brain function. An understanding of the cellular correlates and pathways affecting LFPs is needed, but many overlapping pathwaysin vivomake this difficult to achieve. A prevalent LFP rhythm in the hippocampus associated with memory processing and spatial navigation is the θ (3–12 Hz) oscillation. θ rhythms emerge intrinsically in anin vitrowhole hippocampus preparation and this reduced preparation makes it possible to assess the contribution of different cell types to LFP generation. We focus on oriens-lacunosum/moleculare (OLM) cells as a major class of interneurons in the hippocampus. OLM cells can influence pyramidal (PYR) cells through two distinct pathways: by direct inhibition of PYR cell distal dendrites, and by indirect disinhibition of PYR cell proximal dendrites. We use previous inhibitory network models and build biophysical LFP models using volume conductor theory. We examine the effect of OLM cells to ongoing intrinsic LFP θ rhythms by directly comparing our model LFP features with experiment. We find that OLM cell inputs regulate the robustness of LFP responses without affecting their average power and that this robust response depends on coactivation of distal inhibition and basal excitation. We use our models to estimate the spatial extent of the region generating LFP θ rhythms, leading us to predict that about 22,000 PYR cells participate in intrinsic θ generation. Besides obtaining an understanding of OLM cell contributions to intrinsic LFP θ rhythms, our work can help decipher cellular correlates ofin vivoLFPs.
Versatilidad del colgajo libre anterolateral de muslo en la reconstrucción de defectos de cobertura en los miembros superiores e inferiores. [Versatility of the anterolateral thigh free flap in upper and lower extremities defects coverage reconstruction.]
Authors: Bennice Javier , Puig Dubois Julieta , Gallucci Gerardo L. , De Carli Pablo , Boretto Jorge G.
Published: August 2018

IntroducciónEl colgajo libre anterolateral de muslo es actualmente una de las opciones reconstructivas más útiles. Su versatilidad se debe a la inclusión de distintos tipos de tejido en diferentes combinaciones, una anatomía local confiable y un pedículo largo con un calibre adecuado. El objetivo de este estudio es revisar nuestra experiencia y evaluar la versatilidad del colgajo en defectos de los miembros superior e inferior. Materiales y MétodosEstudio retrospectivo. Se consideraron pacientes tratados por defectos en las extremidades. Se analizaron variables preoperatorias, intraoperatorias y posoperatorias. ResultadosSe incluyeron 12 pacientes (7 hombres y 5 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 44 años. La causa del defecto fue resección oncológica (9 casos) y trauma (3 casos). La localización fue el miembro superior en 4 casos y el miembro inferior en 8. El tiempo promedio entre el defecto y la cirugía fue de 8 días. La tasa de supervivencia del colgajo fue del 92%, con falla en un caso. El sitio dador no presentó complicaciones, el cierre fue primario en 10 pacientes y con injerto de piel en dos. ConclusionesEl colgajo libre anterolateral de muslo es un recurso válido y de gran utilidad para la cobertura de defectos de diferentes etiologías tanto en los miembros superiores como en los miembros inferiores, ya que su versatilidad permite que se adapte con éxito en defectos de localización y tamaño variados.
As Práticas do Desenvolvimentismo Brasileiro: Plano de Metas e Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento / The Practices of Brazilian Developmentalism: Plano de Metas and Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento
Authors: Rotta Edemar , Reis Carlos Nelson dos
Published: August 2018

O artigo compara dois planos de desenvolvimento implantados no Brasil a partir das referências do ideário desenvolvimentista: o Plano de Metas e o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC). Pergunta-se pelas semelhanças e diferenças entre eles, explorando aspectos ligados ao contexto histórico, às características constitutivas fundamentais de cada um deles e às avaliações realizadas pela literatura da área. O estudo fundamenta-se no método dialético e tem como instrumentos a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O Plano de Metas foi instrumento fundamental na consolidação do processo de industrialização e na integração da economia brasileira ao circuito internacional. O PAC recolocou o Estado como agente decisivo na agenda do desenvolvimento, estabelecendo, com o mercado, um conjunto de relações híbridas e complexas, em vistas a criação de um “círculo virtuoso” de crescimento econômico, progresso técnico e melhoria da distribuição de renda.
Are Sex Scandals about Sex?
Authors: Smith Leslie Dorrough
Published: August 2018

Many scholars who study sex scandals focus on describing the cultural circumstances under which such events transpire, such as looking at media coverage and public sexual mores. However, relatively few actually ask more fundamental questions about why sex is such a critical act. Such scholars appear to presume that they have theoretically exhausted the social significance of sex so long as they have simply acknowledged its moral prominence. Using K. Merinda Simmons’ understanding of scholarly arguments on authenticity and her description of scholars as those who “grant transcendence” to phenomena they find self-evident, I show that the presumption that sex scandals are primarily about the sex act itself employs a specific set of beliefs about morality, sex, and religion that work to reinforce a conservative (and yet very mainstream) understanding of these terms at the same time that it creates the conditions by which they become noticeable phenomena at all.
Life unlocking card game in death and dying classroom for medical students
Authors: Phenwan Tharin , Apichanakulchai Tanida , Sittiwantana Ekkapop
Published: August 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Advance Care Planning (ACP) is a part of comprehensive palliative care but there are challeges for its implementation.In Thailand, undergraduate medical curriculum also has not implemented palliative care and ACP as a core teaching topic for the medical students yet. Life Unlocking Card Game is an end-of-life conversation card game that aims to bridge this gap. Objective: To assess second year medical students' attitude of death by using Life Unlocking Card Game and its effectiveness to teach about death and dying. Methods: Non-equivalent quasi-experimental design with convenience sampling method. All (48) of second year medical students participated in an end-of-life conversation game (8 games in total with one facilitator within each group). After that, each group formed an after-game focus group interview. Seven students also joined individual semi-structured interviews. We used content analysis approach along with investigator triangulation and methodological triangulation methods for the qualitative analysis. Results: Participants (n = 48) were second-year preclinical medical students. 26 of them were male (54.2%), 22 were female (45.8%), with the mean age of 20 years (SD 0.6). Five primary themes regarding the card game emerged: 1) Safe space to disclose personal issues 2) Seeing the world through different views 3) Surprise elements 4) Death distant closure 5) Changed behaviour. Conclusions: Life Unlocking Card Game proves to be an effective tool to teach death and dying issues and also ACP in second year medical students. Further study in clinical year students or postgraduate students are recommended.
Estimación de contenido de carbono en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en Yurimaguas,
Authors: SOLISA§ REYNALDO , ZAMORA ABSALÓN , MARÍN-DÍAZ JESÚS , ARGOTED KAROLINA
Published: August 2018

En este estudio se hicieron estimaciones del contenido de carbono almacenado en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en el distrito de Yurimaguas, región de Loreto. Se evaluaron plantaciones de tres a seis años de edad y se estimó la biomasa total en tres sistemas agroforestales de cacao asociados con árboles dispersos, para lo cual se empleó un diseño de parcelas anidadas, las cuales fueron de 50 x 50 m para la evaluación de árboles vivos y muertos con diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP),  medido a 1.30 m  sobre  el  suelo mayor  o  igual  a  10 cm.  Una  sub parcela  de  20  x  20 m  para  la evaluación de árboles con un DAP menor a 10 cm y mayor o igual a 2 cm. En el caso del cacao se tomó el diámetro a la altura de 30 cm sobre el suelo (d30). Cuatro sub parcelas de 1 x 1 m para la evaluación de hojarasca y biomasa menor (hierbas y arbustos) y cuatro transectos de 1 x 50 m para la evaluación de madera muerta sobre el suelo. El carbono total acumulado en la biomasa de los sistemas evaluados fue de 21.88 mg C ha-1, 16.58 mg C.ha-1 y 14.43 mg C ha-1 para para los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) 1, 2 y 3, respectivamente. El contenido de carbono en cada uno de los compartimentos tiene una relación directamente proporcional con la edad de las plantaciones.
Estimación de la capacidad fitorremediadora del “girasol” Helianthus annuus mediante la incorporación de enmiendas para suelos contaminados por metales pesados (Plomo, Cromo) de industrias metalmecánicas
Authors: RODRIGO TINTAYA DÁMARIS JIMENA
Published: August 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito evaluar la capacidad fitorremediadora del “girasol” Helianthus annuus mediante la incorporación de enmienda a suelos contaminados con metales pesados de industrias metalmecánicas, y proponer una alternativa económica, simple y natural. Se evaluó la bioacumulación de Plomo (Pb) y Cromo (Cr) de las plantas cultivadas en un periodo de 60 días, para ello se realizaron cuatro tratamientos que  incluían enmienda orgánica (guano de isla y suelo agrícola), las cuales fueron mezcladas con el suelo contaminado. Al finalizar la evaluación se evidenció que la aplicación de enmiendas en los tratamientos (T) 3 y 4 favoreció la bioacumulación de Pb en el suelo (75.54 ppm en T3; 46.09 ppm en T4) y en las plantas (50.70 ppm en T3; 41.30 ppm en T4) de Helianthus annuus; en relación con el Cr en el suelo se determinaron concentraciones de  47.40 ppm de en el T3; 79.5 ppm en T4 y en las plantas 9.21 ppm en el T3 y 19.3 ppm en T4. En general el Helianthus annuus biacumuló mayor cantidad de en los T1 y T2 llegando a la toxicidad y baja supervivencia. Así mismo, en los tratamiento T4 y T3 logró una mejor supervivencia, masa foliar y crecimiento.
Lixiviación de plata de minerales sulfurados argentíferos del complejo Marañón empleando el reactivo SANDIOSS
Authors: F. LOVERA DÁVILA DANIEL , M. PERALTA DIAZ BLANCA , C. CHANG FRANCO ENRIQUE , ARIAS VLADIMIR
Published: August 2018

Con el fin de estudiar los procesos metalúrgicos del mineral proveniente del complejo mineralógico Marañón con características polimetálicas, se acondiciono el mineral durante el proceso de chancado se usaron como agentes activadores y depresores el Bisulfito de Sodio (NaHSO3), Cal, Sulfato de Zinc (ZnSO4), Cianuro de Sodio (NaCN) y se obtuvo una granulometría de 62% -200 malla; en la flotación se obtuvo primero un bulk de Cu-Pb usando MIBC como espumante, para luego obtener un concentrado de Zinc y obtener el relave de la flotación, el cual se llevó a una remolienda para obtener una granulometría óptima para la lixiviación, llegando a trabajar con un 96.5% -200 malla y pasando a lixiviar con Sandioss a dos concentraciones: 0.2 y 0.3% por un tiempo de 75 horas, titulando con Nitrato de Plata (AgNO3) y usando de indicador Yoduro de Potasio (KI), llegando a obtener una recuperación del 71.9% de Ag a 0.2% de Sandioss y 98.7% de Ag a 0.3% de Sandioss.
Multiple joint procedures in haemophilia: benefit of self-reported activities
Authors: Kleijn Piet de , Sluiter David , Fischer Kathelijn , Vogely Charles , Mauser-Bunschoten Eveline P. , Schutgens Roger
Published: August 2018

This paper presents a long-term follow-up (mean 6 years) of three cases, providing insight into individual changes in self-reported activities of persons with haemophilia (PWH) who underwent multiple joint procedures (MJP). The procedures include one bilateral ankle pan arthrodesis by means of an ankle arthrodesis nail (case 1) and two times bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA), both type Genesis II (cases 2 and 3). MJP are defined as any combination of total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) during one hospital admission (one session or staged). The results of MJP need meticulous long-term follow-up, including tools with the capacity to provide detailed measurements for levels of activity. Measurements performed before and after surgery included active range of motion (AROM), the Hemophilia Activities List (HAL) sub-scores for basic and complex lower extremity and the McMaster Toronto Arthritis patient disability questionnaire (MACTAR). Pain scores were only available post-surgery and were by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS), 0 indicating no pain and 10 maximum pain. Post-operative VAS scores were 0.3 on average (range 0-1), indicating only minimal pain. Pre-operative pain was the actual indication for MJP. However, it was measured with a different score, the WFH score. Regarding post-operative AROM, case 1 showed a decreased ankle plantar flexion averaging 15˚ (range 10-20˚) and dorsiflexion averaging 7.5˚ (range 5-10˚), results expected after surgical fixation of the tibiotalar joint. Cases 2 and 3 showed an increased active flexion of both knee joints, on average 6° (range 5-10˚), and extension of 11° (range 0-20˚). From these two cases the HAL showed improvement in both basic (Δ 40 and Δ 30) and complex lower extremity (Δ 40 and Δ 3,5) activities. When considering the standard deviations of the HAL normalised total score of 18, it can be appreciated that these improvements are clinically relevant (effect size Δ 1). The MACTAR showed individual progress, with emphasis on walking, standing, riding a bicycle and walking stairs. These MJP cases provide insight on the benefits of self-reported activities, as well as the relationship between body and activity of the ICF. For the long-term follow-up of this very specific population, self-reported activities should be included.
A twin-track approach to developing haemophilia care in Uganda
Authors: Holland Mike
Published: August 2018

Services for people with haemophilia in Uganda are poor, resulting in a very low number of confirmed diagnoses. Over the past year, the Haemophilia Foundation of Uganda (HFU) has engaged in a concerted and coordinated media campaign focusing on radio, television and social media promoting the message that haemophilia results in painful shortened lives but is a treatable condition if appropriate services are in place. At the end of 2015, this awareness campaign culminated in a patient-screening day, along with a patient information camp. In advance of the patient testing day, a team from London’s Great Ormond Street Hospital ran an educational workshop for staff from Mulago Hospital. The team also attended the testing day, taking clinical histories from those attending, and ran workshop sessions at the patient meeting. The physician-training day attracted obstetricians, paediatricians, nurses, dentists, physiotherapists, midwives and pharmacists. Delegates understood that to develop a haemophilia service in Uganda required capacity building, and awareness raising, initially at a central level but gradually moving out to the regions. Physicians in Uganda have now embarked on a journey to providing haemophilia care. The next steps are to build political engagement and to continue raising awareness among the population.
Tightrope walking with Glanzmann’s disease
Authors: Mulders Greta , Boender Johan
Published: August 2018

Glanzmann’s disease or thrombasthenia is a very rare genetic platelet function disorder, caused by a quantitative or qualitative defect or absence of platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. Gastrointestinal bleeds are variable and may be severe, unpredictable and sometimes even untreatable. We present an 86-yearold woman with Glanzmann’s disease, who went to her local hospital with complaints of chest pain, tiredness and shortness of breath. After examination and laboratory research, she was diagnosed with severe anaemia caused by angiodysplasia in the gastrointestinal tract. The patient was followed weekly at our outpatient clinic for several months. Multiple treatments were given to correct her anaemia and its underlying cause. Unfortunately, the patient remained transfusiondependent throughout. She was treated with many blood transfusions, recombinant FVIIa infusions and tranexamic acid. When the burden of the disease and side-effects of the treatment became unbearable, the joint decision was made to stop treatment. The patient then unexpectedly recovered from her gastrointestinal bleeding. This case study highlights the dilemmas clinicians often face when dealing with fragile elderly people who suffer from various disorders.
Living with an inhibitor: Results from the Study of Haemophilia Experiences, Results and Opportunities in Children and young adults with long-standing inhibitors (the SO-HEROIC study)
Authors: Khair Kate , Chaplin Steve , Holland Mike
Published: August 2018

Long-standing inhibitors present many day-today difficulties for the affected individual; the unpredictability of bleeds, bleed management, pain and treatment efficacy all affect quality of life. This study explored these issues through focus groups of affected individuals aged 16-25 in the UK. The data from the focus groups was analysed for recurring themes, which were coded under three umbrella headings: ‘daily impact’, ‘education and future’ and ‘resilience and support’. Participants felt isolated through geography and being extra ‘rare’ within the bleeding disorders community; used pain as a gauge of bleed resolution, often without use of analgesia; described transition to adult care as particularly worrying; and explained the potential impact of living with an inhibitor on future career options. Peer-to-peer networking could provide emotional support for these young adults, who could also be role models for the future. Despite the burden of living with an inhibitor and its treatment, participants described a good quality of life from their own perspectives. With new therapeutic options for these individuals on the horizon, they look forward to a future with fewer bleeds and less pain.
Hepatitis C and bleeding disorders in Europe
Authors: Savini Laura , Kaczmarek Radoslaw , Noone Declan , Giangrande Paul , Dusheiko Geoffrey , O’Mahony Brian
Published: August 2018

In the 1980s and 1990s, thousands of people with bleeding disorders (PWBD) across the world were infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) through contaminated treatment products. The extent of the infection, as well as the needs of those still living with HCV, were never properly assessed. The purpose of our survey was to identify how many PWBD were infected with HCV in Europe, as well as their health status and needs. HCV infection was defined as any person with a bleeding disorder who was exposed to the virus and seroconverted to become anti-HCV antibody positive. The survey also looked at testing and treatment availability. Between December 2016 and March 2017, the survey was distributed to 45 national patient organisations in the European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC), who were encouraged to respond with the support of a local hepatologist. The data gathered led us to estimate that some 15,000 people with bleeding disorders were infected with HCV in the 30 countries that responded. Although some countries have detailed records of patients with HCV, most - including some with national haemophilia registries - were unable to provide exact numbers of initial infections, HIV coinfection, survival and SVR rates. Responding countries reported varying degrees of monitoring for disease progression, as well as extremely divergent access to new direct-acting antivirals, with only eight countries prioritising PWBD for treatment. With liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma being among the main causes of death in an aging bleeding disorders population, this survey identifies a clear gap in care. It is a frustrating paradox that today, in many European countries PWBD, such as haemophilia, may live long and productive lives due to much-improved access to factor replacement therapy, yet die prematurely of a curable disease such as hepatitis C. It has been demonstrated that HCV eradication in PWBD can be achieved through national commitment, especially when the patient population is limited and HCV eradication could be achieved in the short-term. The eradication of HCV in PWBD in Europe is an idea whose time has come.
Синтез методом фотополимеризации и применение тонких пленок полимеров с молекулярными отпечатками для молекулярного распознавания цефалоспоринов
Authors: Farafonova O. V. , Potanina A. Y. , Tarasova N. V. , Ermolaeva T. N.
Published: August 2018

Разработана методика фотохимического синтеза тонких пленок ПМО цефалоспоринов, включающая иммобилизацию антибиотиков на модифицированную γ-аминопропилтриэтоксисиланом поверхность электрода пьезоэлектрического сенсора и последующее дозирование неводного раствора метакриловой кислоты, этиленгликольдиметакрилата и 2,2-азобис(изобутиролнитрила) на подготовленную поверхность сенсора Установлены оптимальные концентрации цефалоспоринов (0.5 мг/см3), объемы полимеризационной смеси (2.5-5 мм3), массы формируемых пленок ПМО и НИП методом пьезокварцевого микровзвешивания. Приведены уравнения градуировочных функций (коэффицинент корреляции – 0.98 для цефтазидима и цефтриаксона и 0.99 для цефотаксима), установлены диапазоны определяемых содержаний (1-26 мкг/см3 для цефтазидима, 1-31 мкг/см3 для цефтриаксона и 1-34 мкг/см3 для цефотаксима) и пределы обнаружения антибиотиков.
Исследование сорбционной активности фармакофорсодержащих пектинов по отношению к катионам кобальта (II)
Authors: Sagitova A. F. , Mudarisova R. K. , Kukovinets O. S.
Published: August 2018

Рассмотрены закономерности сорбции ионов кобальта (II) нативным и модифицированным органическими фармакофорами (салициловая, антраниловая, никотиновая кислоты) пектинами. Определено влияние различных факторов (кислотность, температура, модуль раствор/сорбент) на процесс распределения ионов кобальта (II) в гетерофазной системе полисахаридный сорбент - водный раствор. Исследован механизм кинетики сорбции ионов металла (II) биосорбентами. Определено влияние природы биосорбентов на термодинамику распределения ионов кобальта (II). Установлено, что сорбция ионов Cо2+ модифицированными пектиновыми сорбентами описывается уравнением Ленгмюра.
Клик-функционализация в синтезе сорбционных материалов. Сообщение I. Получение и некоторые сорбционные характеристики силикагеля с иммобилизованным формазаном по отношению к Pd(II) и Cu(II)
Authors: Konshina D. N. , Chuprynina D. A. , Lupanova I. A. , Konshin V. V.
Published: August 2018

Предложен способ функционализации поверхности силикагеля формазановыми группами с использованием клик-реакции. Выбраны условия сорбционного извлечения полученным материалом Pd(II) и Cu(II), обеспечивающие достижение высоких значений коэффициентов распределения. Определены некоторые равновесные и кинетические характеристики полученного модифицированного силикагеля по отношению к Cu(II), Pd(II), показано, что конкурентная сорбция реализуется как неаддитивный процесс при условии эквимольного соотношения количества функциональных групп и ионов металлов.
Presence and function of stress granules in atrial fibrillation protocol v1
Authors: Dong Guo , Liang Fengying , Wang Chengcheng , Han Wei
Published: August 2018

Aims: Stress granules (SGs) are transient cytoplasmic mRNA and protein complexes that form in eukaryotic cells under stress. SGs are related to multiple diseases, but there are no reports of the existence of SGs in atrial fibrillation (AF); hence, the effects of SGs in AF are still unknown. Methods and results: Cell models of AF were established by field stimulation at 600 times per minute. HL-1 cells, cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were transfected with pcDNA and G3bP1-cDNA plasmid by Lipofectamine 2000. The presence of SGs was detected by immunofluorescence staining against GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain binding protein 1 (G3BP1) and poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP-1) and electron microscopy. Stable HL-1 cell lines transfected with lentivirus overexpressing G3BP1 (pEGFP-LV-G3BP1) were constructed to further investigate the role of SGs in AF. The effects of SGs on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium overload in tachypaced HL-1 cells were studied by flow cytometry. The effects of SGs on cardiac fibroblast proliferation and the protein expression level of collagen I/III and fibronectin-1 were also studied. Here, we first showed that SGs detected by G3BP1 and PABP-1 are present and markedly elevated in both tachypaced mouse cardiomyocytes and HL-1 atrial cells. The presence of SGs in tachypaced atrial myocytes was also confirmed by electron microscopy. SG formation in HL-1 cells with G3BP1 overexpression significantly inhibited the rapid pacing-induced increase in ROS level and attenuated calcium overload (all P<0.05). Furthermore, SGs inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation (P<0.05) and decreased the protein expression level of collagen I/III and fibronectin-1 in cardiac fibroblasts stimulated by angiotensin II (all P<0.05). Conclusions: SGs are rapidly induced and present in AF, and upregulation of SGs confers cytoprotection against oxidative stress, calcium overload and atrial fibrosis in AF.
Protocol for Drosophila with gas permeable chamber v1
Authors: Cerise Alex , Gomez Escoda Blanca
Published: August 2018

Mounting method for Drosophila larval brain With this protocol, a gas permeable chamber is created by means of a double-sided tape. The permeable chamber allows for a better preservation of the larval brains during imaging. The double-sided tape is porous (gas permeable) and hydrophobic (it prevents evaporation). Time of mitosis will be an indicator of healthy brains. Under the dissection microscope, explant CNS from third instar larvae and isolate intact brains. Note:Fat bodies can be isolated as well to be added to the medium.
“¡Periodiquillos para vosotros, chiquitines!” Una mirada al desarrollo de la prensa infantil en Colombia (finales del siglo xix y primeras décadas del siglo XX)
Authors: Aristizábal García Diana Marcela
Published: August 2018

El artículo hace un recorrido general por el desarrollo de algunas de las más importantes publicaciones de prensa infantil de finales del siglo xix y principios del siglo xx en Colombia. El objetivo es analizar algunas continuidades y discontinuidades del proyecto de prensa infantil en el país y rastrear algunas ideas académicas y políticas que se dieron en la época en relación al lugar social que debía ocupar la infancia, sus roles, sus características como grupo social y la necesidad nacional de consolidar unos productos editoriales destinados a la infancia. La metodología consistió en el análisis y revisión de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Como conclusión se señala que el género de la prensa infantil es un importante reflejo del cambio social que se produjo desde finales del siglo xix en la percepción de la noción de infancia en el país.
Propiedad antifúngica de mieles sobre el desarrollo in vitro de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Albores-Flores Víctor , Marín-Saenz Ivana Janet , López-García José Alfonso , Sánchez-Gutiérrez Adriana , Grajales-Conesa Julieta
Published: August 2018

Aunado a la alta toxicidad de los productos químicos para el control fitosanitario de las enfermedades fúngicas a nivel de campo, el microorgansimso causante de enfermedad no es completamente eliminado, por lo que, productos de origen natural tanto vegetal como animal han generado interés para el control de plagas y enfermedades en las plantas. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal evaluar la actividad antifúngica de mieles de abeja en el crecimiento in vitro de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Se evaluaron nueve muestras de mieles, correspondientes a tres especies de abejas: Melipona solani, M. beecheii y Scaptotrigona mexicana. Se encontró que el diámetro de la colonia de C. gloeosporioides fue menor a mayor concentración de miel, con un 40% menos crecimiento de la colonia respecto al tratamiento testigo a los 12 días de incubación. En general la tasa de crecimiento de la colonia del hongo en las mieles correspondientes a los tres tipos de abeja fue en promedio de 40% menos que el testigo. El valor de porcentaje de inhibición observada en las mieles de abeja fue 70% mayor a lo obtenido con el fungicida Clorotalonil.
Condenações na corte interamericana de direitos humanos da OEA: uma fotografia da violação dos direitos humanos na América Latina
Authors: Kindermann Milene Pacheco
Published: August 2018

A pesquisa levantou nas condenações dadas pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos/OEA o perfl de desrespeito aos DH, localizando as agressões aos DH realizadas pelos países condenados e a tutela concedida aos cidadãos americanos. A pesquisa foi descritiva, com método dedutivo, nível exploratório, abordagem quali-quantitativa. O procedimento foi histórico e monográfco, com coleta de dados bibliográfca e documental. As fontes primárias foram 208 sentenças de mérito da Corte IDH (de 1988 a 2017). O perfl de violações aos DH refere-se somente aos países da América Latina, com destaque ao Peru, o maior violador. Os DH que sofreram mais violações foram os direitos básicos à vida e à integridade física, bem como a liberdade pessoal. Os DH não violados foram os de indenização, de retifcação ou resposta, e os menos violados foram os de reunião, de nacionalidade e a liberdade de consciência e de religião. Treze outros DH listados no Pacto foram medianamente violados.
Projeto de Lei n. 3734/2012 e Súmula 605 do STJ: o direito da criança e do adolescente esquecido
Authors: Castagna Patricia Rodrigues de Menezes
Published: August 2018

Após valiosas conquistas ao longo das últimas três décadas no tocante ao Direito da Criança e do Adolescente, especialmente com a consagração da Doutrina da Proteção Integral a partir do artigo 227 da Constituição Federal de 1988 e do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Lei 8069/1990), observam-se os Poderes Legislativo e Judiciário em direção oposta, seja ao acelerar o trâmite do Projeto de Lei 3734/2012, contrário à Doutrina da Proteção Integral, seja pela necessidade de aprovação da Súmula 605, pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça, o que denota o desrespeito pelas instâncias inferiores à referida doutrina, pois precisou elucidar dúvida ou divergência sobre a aplicabilidade de medida socioeducativa após a maioridade penal. O presente artigo procura analisar se tais medidas são prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento de adolescentes submetidos ao regime prisional, bem como se desrespeitam o Direito da Criança e do Adolescente.
A defesa dos direitos humanos através do ativismo judicial transnacional: ações engajadas e participativas
Authors: Cademartori Daniela Mesquita Leutchuk de , Luz Marlise da Rosa
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho inclui reﬂexões sobre a inﬂuência da globalização na ordem jurídica estatal; a emergência de movimentos sociais capazes de promover a ampliação dos espaços públicos participativos; e ainda, a identifcação do ativismo judicial transnacional como importante meio de atuação extra estatal da sociedade civil em prol dos direitos humanos. Nas últimas décadas identifcou-se um comprometimento do Estado frente o contexto internacional, bem como, a emergência de mobilizaçõessociais emancipatórias, que perpassam as fronteira do Estado-nação. Assim, utiliza-se o método dedutivo, mediante revisão bibliográfca exemplifcando-se com casos envolvendo o Brasil junto à Comissãoe a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.
A pulsação sob a letra: pela quebra de um silêncio histórico no estudo do som de fala
Authors: Albano Eleonora Cavalcante
Published: August 2018

This paper analyses the ideologies underlying western thinking on speech in terms of the metaphorical use of two notions: the alphabet and the machine. It is argued that a subtle cooperation between these two metaphors underlies not only scientific but also technological work on speech – and, indirectly, language. Such ideologies are so deeply rooted in academic practice that attempts at solving the mind-body problem that do not incorporate them tend to be relegated to silence. This silence is shown to serve the same interests as other, more violent, ways of denying the inherent dignity of the human body. The historical status of current phonetic theories related to psychological theories that reject such metaphors is discussed in this light.