bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GLOBAL CLIMATE CRISES AND CLIMATE MIGRATION
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Zvarych Iryna , Brodovska Oksana ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: June 2023

The term “climate refugees” has been used since 1985, also known as climate or environmental migrants, as people who have been “forced to leave their traditional habitat, temporarily or permanently” due to significant environmental disruption. But the scope of the definition still raises some debate. Climate change is not only a threat, causing immediate damage to people and infrastructure, it is also a long-term danger that can slowly destabilize societies and economies. Over the past 30 years, the number of people living in coastal areas at high risk of sea level rise has increased from 160 million to 260 million, 90% of whom are from poor developing countries and small island states. This situation is exacerbated because climate risks are interconnected and can cause a domino effect. As global carbon emissions continue to rise, climate change is contributing to humanitarian crises and cycles of displacement around the world. More than 70% of the world's refugees and internally displaced people come from the most climate-vulnerable countries. They will be among the first to suffer as climate shocks and extreme weather conditions continue into 2023. Helping them prepare for these shocks and increase their resilience to climate change will be more important than ever. Countries and regions that are both climate hotspots and conflict-affected or host large numbers of forcibly displaced people include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Central Sahel, Mozambique, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. Climate change is adding to the mass migration already underway to the world's cities, and this is becoming a critical issue worldwide. In 2022, the number of forcibly displaced people exceeded 100 million for the first time, with climate change displacing more people than conflict. Models show that for every degree of temperature rise, a billion people will be displaced. Over the next decade, hundreds of millions of people will have to move – you'll either be among them or host them. Climatic factors often drive local and global migration regardless of the nature and severity of global climate change. In developing countries, drought has rendered large tracts of land uncultivable or virtually unproductive, forcing people to move to cities where jobs are increasingly scarce and food is more expensive. Then emigration from the country is considered as the only viable solution. Thus, local climate problems led to international migration.
LENDING ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN BANKS: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Hryshyna Larysa , Karas Petr ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Prikhodko Natalya ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding
Published: June 2023

The article defines the role and importance of credit activities of banks in ensuring the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Comprehensive changes to legislation and state programs aimed at supporting the Ukrainian economy, the formation of a modern banking sector, the activation of bank lending as an important factor in the effective functioning of the country's banking system in the conditions of martial law and its subsequent recovery are summarized. The war of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine led to the deterioration of the quality of banks' loan portfolios, the destruction of assets and collateral, loss of income and deterioration of borrowers' solvency. This led to a decrease in their ability to service loans. The banking sphere is the most important component of the financial sector of Ukraine and provides banking service needs of the real sector of the economy, the population, while contributing to the economic security of the state. An analytical assessment of banks' credit activity was carried out in order to identify trends in its dynamics for the period 2011–2021. During the period 2011–2021, the credit portfolio of the banking system of Ukraine increased from UAH 755 billion. up to 1,065.3 billion hryvnias (almost 1.4 times). During the same time, the volume of loans granted to legal entities increased by 1.6 times, and lending to individuals increased by 1.3 times. It was emphasized that in the current conditions of martial law in 2022, almost all domestic banks reduced their credit activity. The total credit portfolio of the banking system decreased to 700.9 billion hryvnias. The study of lending trends to the population indicates a reduction in lending to individuals by almost all banking institutions. Proposals have been formulated for strengthening the role of the banking system and active use of its credit potential in ensuring the economic recovery of Ukraine. The prospect of further research in this direction is the identification of opportunities to reduce the cost of credit resources and the analysis of priority areas of financial and credit support for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.
DIGITAL TOOLS IN COMBATING MONEY LAUNDERING AND THE FINANCING OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM: OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Hrabchuk Iryna , Bereznyi Oleksandr ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: June 2023

At the current stage, the consequences of the use of digital technologies cannot be fully predicted. Their role in combating money laundering and terrorist financing is defined in two ways: 1) facilitate the transfer and accumulation of illegally obtained funds in offshore accounts; 2) act as a source of empowerment, can be used in investigations, detection and termination of illegal money transfers. The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of approaches to assessing the relationship between the level of risk of money laundering and terrorist financing and the implementation of digital technologies in countries, as well as the identification of opportunities and threats from their application in the researched field. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis, logical generalization, comparison. The article systematizes the approaches of scientists to establishing the relationship between the level of digital development of the country and the risk of legalization of criminal funds. Based on a critical analysis of scientific works, this connection was confirmed, taking into account the value of the Basel АML Index. The problems of using rating indices of digitization for the quantitative assessment of this connection are identified. The ambiguity of the conclusions and the complexity of the real assessment are related to the different positions of the countries for different indicators. The benefits created by digital technologies in the field of combating money laundering and terrorist financing are systematized, in terms of KYC and TM components. They are used by most banks to assess, analyze and measure the risk of financial crimes. Situations that signal potential suspicious activity and require additional attention from banks are summarized. On the example of cryptocurrency, an assessment of the characteristic features of digital technologies (the underlying blockchain technology; anonymity; regulation and taxation of transactions with cryptocurrency) was carried out regarding the possibility of their use for money laundering and terrorist financing.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE FINANCIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL MECHANISM OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE PENSION FUND OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Fedoryshyna Lidiia , Chernysh B.V. ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Published: June 2023

The article substantiates the effectiveness of creating a pension system in Ukraine. An analysis of the effectiveness of the functioning of the Pension Fund of Ukraine was carried out. The state and main trends in the development of the insurance market in Ukraine have been studied. An approach to analyzing the relationship between the Pension Fund's budget income indicators and the minimum wage is proposed, which will make it possible to assess the effectiveness of functioning and development prospects. It is proposed to analyze the connection between the profit from investing the assets of non-state pension funds and pension contributions, which will contribute to the activation of investment activities and guarantee the depositor reliable pension security. Recommendations are provided regarding the prospects for pension development and definition The Pension Fund of Ukraine is one of those institutions of the state, the main function of which is the implementation of social security of citizens. An analysis of the pension system in Ukraine was carried out. In recent years, the Pension Fund of Ukraine has been working to ensure that citizens do not waste time on applications and queues, but receive quality services remotely. For this purpose, the Portal of electronic services of the Pension Fund of Ukraine was introduced, in which users can use new electronic services: "Pension calculator", "Electronic work book", "Automatic pension assignment" and the mobile application "Pension Fund" . It has been proven that until the authorities create all the necessary foundations for the introduction of an effective civil service, as well as the implementation of a high-quality and meaningful state personnel policy, it is not necessary to talk about improving the quality of staffing of the bodies of the Pension Fund of Ukraine. creation of economic prerequisites is almost the most important among the areas of improvement of the functioning of the Pension Fund, since the basis for deductions of contributions is the salary and income of citizens.
DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF AN ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Bielialov Taliat , Ashyrov Ennan ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: June 2023

The article considers the need to generalize the external and internal prerequisites for transforming a higher education institution into an entrepreneurial organization. It is proved that entrepreneurship in the education system is the innovative activity of higher education institutions aimed at the formation and development of the educational potential of society based on the economic laws of the market. It is proved that in the education system, innovations are an instrument of entrepreneurial activity, and the adaptation of the educational complex to new economic conditions will allow attracting investment resources to this industry. The main trends that determine the need to transform domestic higher education institutions into entrepreneurial universities are substantiated, the main ones being a relative decrease in funding for educational institutions and fierce competition between higher education institutions for attracting both budgetary funds and additional funding. It is proved that the set of changes that occur in the process of implementing innovations make organizations open, flexible and responsive to changes in the external and internal environment, which pose new challenges to universities, the main of which is the intensification of resource use and the search for additional sources of funding. It is determined that one of the directions in the entrepreneurial activities of universities is franchising, which includes the widespread dissemination of innovative methods, teaching materials, books, electronic publications and bringing their own developments to the level of wide consumption. It is proved that one of the factors determining the transformation of higher education institutions into an entrepreneurial organization is a developed network of branches and representative offices of many large universities, which defines a university as a network organization, the level of development of which determines its business activity and helps to attract additional financial resources. It is substantiated that in modern conditions small business is the basis for building entrepreneurship at the university, which at the same time retains the potential for its own growth and development. It is proved that the combination of small innovative business and the functioning of the university as an entrepreneurial organization provides this structure with dynamic stability and development capability.
Кримінальне право України. Загальна частина : тексти лекцій : навчально-методичний посібник
Authors:   Національний університет ", Берш Анастасія Яківна ,   Одеська юридична академія", Кедик Вероніка Петрівна , Кузьмін Едуард Едуардович , Мирошниченко Наталія Анатоліївна , Стрельцов Євген Львович , Тавлуй Олена Вікторівна , Шостак Олена Миколаївна
Published: June 2023

Тексти лекцій із Загальної частини кримінального права будуть сприяти вивченню навчального курсу, розвитку науково-практичних здібностей, набуттю здобувачами вищої освіти необхідного рівня та обсягу знань, умінь, інших компетентностей, згідно з вимогами освітньої програми бакалавра за спеціальністю «Право». Наявність таких знань надасть змогу молодим юристам якісно працювати в органах прокуратури, судових та правоохоронних органах, органах адвокатури тощо. Тексти лекцій розраховані для студентів денної, заочної форм навчання та другої вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Право».
Abdullah Bosnevî nin Şerh-i Cezîre-i Mesnevî sindeki dinleme ile ilgili bölümün incelenmesi
Authors: KADIOĞLU İdris
Published: June 2023

Bilindiği gibi Mevlanâ Celaleddîn-i Rûmî (öl.1273) Mesnevîsini dönemin teamüllerine uyarak Farsça kaleme almıştır. Hem yazıldığı dönemde hem de sonraki yüzyıllarda Farsça bilmeyenler tarafından yeterince anlaşılmadığı için eserin Türkçeye çok sayıda tercüme ve şerhi yapılmıştır. “Cezîre-i Mesnevî” de Mevlevî büyüklerinden Yûsuf Sîneçâk (öl.1546) adlı mutasavvıf bir şahsın eseridir. Cezîre-i Mesnevî toplam üç yüz altmışaltı beyit olup Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevîsinden yapılan antolojik bir seçkidir. Sîneçâk’in eseri değişik zamanlarda farklı kişilerce şerh ve izah edilmiştir. Eseri Abdullah Bosnevî (öl.1644) ve İbrahim Cevrî (öl.1654) manzum olarak, İlmî Dede (öl.1611), Abdülmecid Sivasî (öl.1639) ve Şeyh Gâlib (öl.1799) de mensur olarak şerh etmiştir. Bosnevî’nin şerhi toplam 9097 beyit olup 1628’de tamamlanmıştır. Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevîsi “bişnev/dinle” hitabıyla başlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla hem Sîneçâk hem de Mesnevî şârihleri “dinleme” konusu üzerinde özellikle durmuşlardır. Abdullah Bosnevî, dinleyicilerin anlayış kıtlığı veya anlayışsız dinleyiciler diye Türkçeye tercüme edebileceğimiz “Der beyân-ı bî-derkî-i müstemi‘ân” başlıklı sekiz beyitlik bölümde kıt dinleyicilerin özellikleri ve dinleme adabı hakkında önemli dersler vermektedir. Şair, konuşmacı ve dinleyicide bulunması gereken özellikleri açıklamakta, söz ve sohbet adabını izah etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Abdullah Bosnevî’nin Şerh-i Cezîre-i Mesnevî adlı eserinin bazı bölümleri yeniden okunmuş ve incelenmiştir. Özellikle eserin dinleme ile ilgili önemli bilgiler ihtiva eden bölümü eserin yazma nüshalarına da müracaat edilerek yeniden okunmuştur. Şerh-i Cezîre-i Mesnevî’nin 119 beyitten oluşan konumuzla ilgili bölümünün dil içi çevirisi yapılıp beyitlerin karşısına yazılmıştır. Metinlerle ilgili değerlendirmeler yapıldıktan sonra sonuç ve kaynakça bölümü yazılarak çalışma tamamlanmıştır.
Togolese EFL Learners’ Attitudes toward Learning English Language
Authors: ABDOU-RASSIDOU OUBO-GAOU
Published: June 2023

The current study aims to investigate learners' attitudes regarding studying English. The purpose of this study is to discover the attitudes of Togolese EFL learners about learning English. The current study is being undertaken with students from two public universities in Togo (University of Lomé and University of Kara) as well as some high school pupils.  Thus, (50) students were chosen at random from various levels [bachelor's students, master's students, and high school students] to participate in this research. To collect data for this project, questionnaires were distributed to students online. The major findings suggest that students have positive attitudes toward English learning. The findings really show that Togolese students are really motivated to learn the English language, and they give great importance to the English language.
Kepadatan dan Pola Distribusi Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Tjeism.Et Binnend.) Di Dusun Manjau Hutan Desa Laman Satong Kecamatan Matan Hilir Utara Kabupaten Ketapang
Authors: Verra Aprilia  , Rusmiyanto P.W Elvi , Rafdinal Rafdinal
Published: June 2023

Tumbuhan ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binnend.) merupakan tumbuhan asli dari Pulau Kalimantan yang berstatus rentan. Pendataan tentang kepadatan dan pola distribusi ulin di Kalimantan Barat khususnya di Hutan Desa Laman Satong belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang kepadatan dan pola distribusi dari tumbuhan ulin di Hutan Desa Laman Satong. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2020 sampai September 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode petak tunggal berukuran 100 x 100 m yang di letakan secara purposive sampling pada 5 lokasi yang berbeda berdasarkan rona lingkungan. Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan 26 individu tumbuhan ulin dengan nilai kepadatan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,28 ind/ha serta memiliki pola distribusi seragam dan mengelompok.
Keanekaragaman Kupu-Kupu di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Baning Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Sahputra Robby , Kustiati Kustiati , Junardi Junardi
Published: June 2023

Keberadaan kupu-kupu di suatu kawasan dapat menjadi indikator adanya kerusakan lingkungan yang ada di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Baning Sintang merupakan kawasan hutan rawa gambut dengan kerusakan tinggi akibat penurunan permukaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi kupu-kupu di Kawasan TWA Baning Sintang dikaitkan dengan faktor lingkungan. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menjelajah sepanjang jalur transek. Sampel kupu-kupu ditangkap menggunakan jaring serangga dan perangkap pada pagi, siang dan sore selama empat minggu. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 571 individu yang terdiri dari 21 spesies dan empat famili, yaitu Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, Papilonidae, dan Pieridae. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu di TWA Baning Sintang termasuk dalam kategori sedang yang ditunjukkan dengan indek keanekaragaman bernilai 2.96, indek kemerataan cukup dengan indek 0.95, dan tidak ada dominansi spesies berdasarkan indek sebesar 0.06. Hasil PCA menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya merupakan faktor lingkungan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan spesies kupu-kupu di TWA Baning Sintang.
Waste Algae for Bioenergy Generation to Mitigate Eutrophication and Greenhouse Emissions in Water Bodies
Authors: Singh Amit , Anand Vishal , Bai Attila , Gabnai Zoltan , Prajapati Sanjeev Kumar
Published: June 2023

Eutrophication has a significant negative impact on the ecosystem since it depletes the planet's biological resources and is further responsible for climate change. It is caused by both endogenous and exogenous nutrient enrichment. This phenomenon degrades the water quality and simultaneously increases the greenhouse gases emission from waterbodies resulting in climate change Inland waterbodies contain enormous amounts of nutrients such as phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon. Thus, it becomes essential to restore these nutrients using proper sustainable approaches. Algae-based technologies have received a lot of attention these days because of environmentally friendly and inexpensive treatment. About 70% of the nutrient load from wastewater can be removed using such technology. The recovered algal biomass after wastewater treatment contains various biomolecules which can be used for the producing of value-added products such as bioenergy in the form of biomethane and biodiesel, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals along with the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, the primary goal of this review is to inform readers about the possibilities of a low-cost integrated biorefinery based on microalgae for resource recovery and to mitigate eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission from water bodies.
THE PORTRAIT OF A WOMAN POET IN LADY MARY WROTH’S PAMPHILIA TO AMPHILANTUS
Authors: SEBER Hande
Published: June 2023

Lady Mary Wroth is considered to be one of the most prominent women writers of the Early Modern Period. She comes from the Sidney family, the members of which are well-known with their noteworthy literary accomplishments. Wroth’s Pamphilia to Amphilanthus has a significant place among the sonnet sequences and early modern women’s poetry as it is “the first sonnet sequence to be composed by an Englishwomen” (Roberts, 1982, p. 43). The Petrarchan tradition with its determined roles of a male poet and an idealized lady, along with its blazons employed to express the consequences of unfulfilled love and desire can hardy accommodate a woman who comes up with such an unaccustomed role. This article, therefore, aims at a study of Pamphilia to Amphilanthus, as a sonnet sequence to see how a woman poet manages to employ the sonnet tradition in her own way. How Wroth as a woman poet accommodated herself and her persona to the poetic tradition of the time will be the main point of argumentation. It is in this respect that, the focus will be on Pamphilia and how she is represented with a new role. She is depicted as a woman with a voice, talking about her experience and the destructive outcomes of grief, quite often questioning the nature of love. Pamphilia appears not as the silent object of some other poet’s work, but writing her own poems, metaphorically redefining her place in the literary production. Furthermore, Wroth’s choice of genre, how she employed and revised it, the role she assigned to the female speaker, the major themes, along with her ideas on writing as a woman poet will be further elaborated on.
İNGİLİZ SEYYAH BUCKINGHAM'IN TRAVELS IN MESOPOTAMIA ADLI ESERİNDE XIX. YÜZYIL BAŞLARINDA BİRECİK VE URFA
Authors: DEVECİ BOZKUŞ Yıldız
Published: June 2023

Birecik ve Urfa kenti geçmişten günümüze tarihi İpek Yolu ve ticaret güzergâhları üzerinde yer alıyor olması açısından daima jeopolitik ve stratejik öneme sahip olmuştur. Eskiçağlardan beri pek çok seyyahın ziyaret ettiği bu kent Roma, Selçuklu, Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu, Safeviler ve Osmanlı dönemlerinde olduğu gibi Cumhuriyet döneminde de gezginlerin uğrak noktalarından biridir. Bu nedenle seyyahların bölgeye dair kaleme aldıkları eserler üzerinden Batı dünyasında aslında bir tür Osmanlı/Türk algısının da şekillendiğini söylemek mümkündür. Bu çerçevede İngiliz seyyah James Silk Buckingham’ın Travels in Mesopotamia adlı eserinde Birecik ve Urfa’yı nasıl tasvir ettiği büyük önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada İngiliz seyyahın kitabında verilen bilgilerden hareketle tarihte Birecik ve Urfa’daki sosyal, kültürel, dini ve mimari yapının nasıl olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Buckingham’ın 4 Haziran 1816'da gerçekleşen seyahati bu bölge ve coğrafyanın tarihsel süreçteki stratejik önemini göstermesi açısından değerlidir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma ile İngiliz seyyahın 1816 yılına dair Birecik’ten başlayıp Urfa ile devam eden seyahati sırasında edinmiş olduğu gözlemler detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirilmiştir.
İNGİLİZ İSTİHBARATÇISI NOEL VE GÜNEYDOĞU ANADOLU’DAKİ FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: ERCİVAN Ahmet
Published: June 2023

İngiltere ile Osmanlı Devleti’nin ilişkileri başlangıçtan itibaren olumlu bir yönde seyretmiştir. Bu ilişkilerin gelişmesi amacıyla III. Selim döneminden itibaren Londra’ya büyükelçiler gönderilmiştir. Bu şekilde Osmanlı Devleti yurt dışında daimî elçilikler açarak Avrupa devletleri ile yapıcı ilişkiler kurmaya çalışmıştır. Hatta 1853 Kırım Savaşı’nda İngiltere, Rusya’ya karşı Osmanlı Devleti’nin yanında yer almıştır. Bununla birlikte 1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşı’ndan sonra İngiltere’nin politikası Osmanlı Devleti aleyhine değişmiştir. Bu yüzden Osmanlı Devleti’ni yıkıcı birçok ittifakın içinde de yer almıştır. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’na farklı ittifaklar içerisinde giren bu iki devletin mücadelesi, savaş sonunda da devam etmiştir.

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın sonunda İngiltere tarafından Osmanlı topraklarında işgaller başlamıştır. İngiltere, başlatmış olduğu işgalleri sürdürebilmek için zaman zaman taşeron yapıları da kullanmıştır. Bir İngiliz istihbarat subayı olan Edward William Charles Noel (d.14 Nisan 1886), İngiliz Hükümeti tarafından Osmanlı topraklarına gönderilmiştir. Osmanlı topraklarında kışkırtıcı faaliyetler yürüten Noel, seyahati esnasında yaptığı çalışmalara dair bir günlük tutmuştur. Noel’in, bölge halkını Türk yönetimine karşı ayaklandırma gibi bir düşüncesi olduğu görülmektedir. Elazığ Valisi Ali Galip’in Sivas Kongresi’ni basma teşebbüsünde de Ali Galip’e destek vermiştir. Yaptığı faaliyetlerden dolayı Noel’in Kürt lawrence’si olarak adlandırıldığı da olmuştur. Noel, günlüğünde kendisine göre bölge hakkında ve bölgedeki aşiretlerle ilgili notlar tutmuştur. Aslında Noel’in amacı bölgede yaşayan Kürt aşiretlerini Türklerden uzaklaştırmak ve Türk yönetimi ile olan bağlantılarını sonlandırmaktır. Bunun için kapsamlı bir araştırmaya girişmiş ve her unsuru kullanmaya çalışmıştır. Özellikle Kürtler ile Ermenileri, yaşantıları, örf adetleri ve diğer fiziki özellikleri ile ortak bir noktada buluşturmaya çalışmıştır. Daha da ileri giderek Kürt aşiretlerini İngiliz Hükümeti’nin yanına çekmeye çalışmıştır. Noel’in bölgedeki faaliyetlerini artırması, dolayısıyla İngiltere’nin bölgede tek başına hâkimiyet kurmayı amaçlaması, diğer müttefikleri rahatsız etmiştir.
İTALYA’NIN ARNAVUTLUK’U İŞGALİNİN TÜRK BASININA VE TÜRK DIŞ POLİTİKASINA YANSIMASI
Authors: ÖZCAN Halil
Published: June 2023

Türkiye, kurtuluş ve kuruluşta Atatürk’ün liderliğinde tam bağımsız bir politika izlerken aynı dönemde Atatürk gibi bir liderden yoksun olan Arnavutluk, Cumhuriyetten Krallığa geçti. Türkiye’den uzaklaştıkça yakınlaştığı İtalya’nın etkisiyle Balkan Paktına dâhil olamayan Arnavutluk, bu ülkenin işgaliyle karşı karşıya kaldığında Kral, iki günlük oğlu ve lohusa eşiyle tacını, tahtını ve ülkesini terk etmek zorunda kaldı. Arnavutlarla beş asır kader birliği yapan ve ülkesinde çok sayıda Arnavut kökenli vatandaşa sahip olan, aynı zamanda çeyrek yüz yıl önce bağımsızlık savaşı veren Türkiye ve Türk basını Arnavutluk’un işgaline karşı oldukça hassasiyet gösterdi.
Oniki Adalara sahip olan ve Arnavutluk’un işgaliyle Balkanlar’a yerleşen İtalya’nın tutumu Türkiye ve Balkan Paktı için bir tehdit olarak algılandı. Türkiye, II. Dünya Savaşının ufukta belirdiği bu süreçte İtalya tehditi ve Alman yayılmasına karşı tarafsızlık politikasından ayrılarak İngiltere ve Fransa ile birlikte sulh cephesine girdi. İtalya’nın Arnavutluk’u işgalinin Türk basınına ve dış politikasına yansıması, Türk basını temelinde (Dışişleri Bakanlığı Türk Diplomatik Arşivi ile Devlet Arşivleri Cumhuriyet Arşivinde belge bulunamadığı için) ilk defa bir akademik çalışmada incelenmesi, bu makalenin özgünlüğünü oluşturmaktadır. İşgal sonrası Arnavutluk Kralı Zog’un geniş maiyetiyle birlikte iki aylık süreyle (3 Mayıs-1 Temmuz 1939) Türkiye’ye sığınması tarafımızdan ayrı bir bilimsel çalışma konusu yapıldığından Kral Zog’un Türkiye günleri çalışmaya dâhil edilmedi.
KLASİK HİNT METİNLERİNDEN BHAGAVADGĪTĀ’NIN ERMENİCE, İNGİLİZCE VE TÜRKÇE ÇEVİRİLERİNİN “ÇEVİRİ-KÜLTÜR İLİŞKİSİ” BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇORUK F. Jale Gül , KAYALI Yalçın
Published: June 2023

Diller arasındaki değişkenlere bağlı olarak anlam, kavram ve algıda birtakım çeviri farklılıkları ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Çeviribilimsel perspektiften diller arasındaki en belirgin farklılıklar, özellikle kültüre özgü ögelerde kendisini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle de kültürel aktarım süreci çeviride, çok yönlü bir yaklaşım yetisi gerektirmektedir. Söz konusu çeviri işlemi yalnızca bir dil meselesi değildir. Öncelikle; yazarın konusuyla olan ilişkisiyle ilgilenir: anlatı tekniği, metaforik boyutlar ve bakış açısı. Aynı zamanda yazarın okuyucusu ile olan ilişkisi ile de bağlantılıdır. Kısacası orijinal eserdeki bu eşgüdümlü ve ahenkli ikili ilişki, neredeyse her zaman, iyi bir çeviride kendisini göstermektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Hint kültürüne özgü, Klasik Sanskrit Edebiyatının eserlerinden biri olan Bhagavadgītā adlı metin, Sanskrit dilindeki orijinali ile Ermenice, İngilizce ve Türkçe tercümeleriyle karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kaynak metin olarak Bhagavadgītā'nın Sanskrit orijinali kullanılmış olup çalışmamız kapsamında bir Ermenice, bir İngilizce ve iki farklı Türkçe tercümesi, çeviri- kültür ilişkisi açısından incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Bhagavadgītā'nın Sanskrit orijinal metni, H. Acaryan'ın Ermenice çevirisi, Tridaṇḍi Bhikṣu Śrīpād Akṣayānanda Mahārāja'nın İngilizce çevirisi, K. Kaya ve S. Çalışkan'ın Türkçe çevirileri kullanılmıştır.
Sonuçta çevirmenlerin izlediği çeviri stratejileri üzerinden kültürün çeviri metin üzerindeki etkileri, Bhagavadgītā metninin çevirileri aracılığıyla ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmış ve alan yazındaki çeviri-kültür ilişkisi hususundaki ilgili kuramsal birikime, orijinali Sanskrit olan bir metnin Ermenice, İngilizce ve Türkçe çevirileri üzerinden tespitlerde bulunularak çeviribilim disiplini çerçevesinde yorumlar yapılarak çıkarımlarda bulunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Diyabetli bireylerde kronik hastalık öz yönetimi ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi
Authors: Güneysel Bakır Gülay , Zengin Neriman
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Araştırma diyabetli bireylerde öz yönetimi ve etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacı ile tanımlayıcı bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Nisan-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında bir hastanenin diyabet eğitim birimine başvuran 200 diyabetli birey oluşturdu. Veriler; Sosyodemografik Tanılama Formu, Çok Boyutlu Diyabet Anketi Formunun 1. Bölümü ve Kronik Hastalık Öz Yönetim Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik analizler, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi ile gerçekleştirildi. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Kronik Hastalıklarda Öz Yönetim Ölçeği Kendini Damgalama, Damgalanma ile Baş etme, Sağlık Bakım Etkinliği ve Tedavi Uyum alt boyut puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 27.05± 14.22, 64.45± 14.22, 68.84± 19.76 ve 78.33±16.46 olarak saptandı. Sosyodemografik özelliklerden medeni duruma göre Tedaviye Uyum, gelir düzeyine göre Sağlık Bakım Etkinliği alt boyut puanlarının istatistiksel anlamlı fark gösterdiği belirlendi. Hastalık ile ilgili özelliklerden Kendini Damgalama alt boyut puanının aile öyküsünde diyabet olma ve beden kitle indeksine göre istatistiksel anlamlı fark saptandı. Sağlık Bakım etkinliği alt boyutu puanın aile öyküsünde diyabet olma, diyabet süresi, tedavi şekli, hemoglobin A1 C düzeyi, beden kitle indeksi durumuna göre istatistiksel anlamlı fark görüldü. Kendini Damgalama ile Engel alt boyutu arasında pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde, Sosyal Destek ile negatif zayıf düzeyde istatistiksel anlamlı ilişki saptandı. Sağlık Bakım Etkinliği ile Sosyal Destek arasında pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde ilişki olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Diyabetli bireylerde kronik hastalık öz yönetim, sosyodemografik ve hastalıkla ilgili özelliklerden etkilenmektedir. Diyabetli bireylere kronik hastalık öz yönetim eğitiminde sosyodemografik ve hastalıkla ilgili özellikler dikkate alınmalıdır.
Türk ve uluslararası üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: Özgen Özkaya Şebnem , Özkaya Volkan , Elmaağaçlı Avak Tuğçe , Garipağaoğlu Muazzez
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma Türkiye’de eğitim gören uluslararası öğrenciler ile Türk öğrencilerin beslenme durumlarını karşılaştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak planlanan çalışma, yükseköğrenimde ön lisans ve lisans eğitimi gören 160 üniversite (%50’si Türk) öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya uluslararası öğrenci olarak Türkiye dışında doğmuş, yükseköğrenim için Türkiye’ye gelmiş ve en az bir yıldır Türkiye’de yaşayan öğrenciler kabul edilmiştir. Demografik özellikler, antropometrik ölçümler, beslenme davranışı, öğün atlama bilgileri ve üç günlük (bir gün hafta sonu) besin tüketim kaydı yüz yüze görüşülerek alınmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 21.98±2.27 yıldır. Uluslararası ve Türk öğrencilerde hafif şişmanlık ve obezite oranı sırasıyla: %10 ve %8.7 olarak belirlenmiştir. Uluslararası öğrencilerin en sık kahvaltı (%55), Türk öğrencilerin ise öğle öğününü (%38.8) atladıkları saptanmıştır. Günlük enerji, enerjinin karbonhidrat oranı ve lif alımı her iki grupta da önerilerin altında, enerjinin yağ oranı, E ve B12 vitaminleri, sodyum ve fosfor alımları önerilerin üstünde bulunmuştur. Uluslararası öğrencilerin günlük lif alımlarının Türk öğrencilere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Uluslararası öğrencilerin enerji ve birçok besin ögesini yetersiz aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Ev sahibi üniversitelerin, uluslararası öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarını anlayarak, akademik olduğu kadar, yaşam deneyimlerini geliştirmek, beslenme durumunu iyileştirmek için uyum sağlamalarını kolaylaştıracak hizmetler sunmaları önemlidir.
Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes using Ice Cream Stick Concrete Media in Grade 4 Elementary School Students
Authors: Rahmah Wahyu Putri , Fuad A. Jauhar
Published: June 2023

The background of this research is the low mathematics learning outcomes of students in grade 4 at 3 Kelutan State Elementary School. This is because learning uses the lecture method so students feel bored and less enthusiastic about participating in learning. This study aims to improve the results of learning mathematics material multiplication arithmetic operations after learning is applied using concrete ice cream stick media. This study used the Classroom Action Research method with 2 cycles. The stages of the research carried out were planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were 4th-grade students at 3 Kelutan State Elementary School Ngronggot Nganjuk with a total of 15 students. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative by collecting data on learning outcomes carried out in each cycle. The indicator of success in this study is if 75% of students master the material with a minimum completeness criterion of 70. The results of the study show that concrete media can improve mathematics learning outcomes on multiplication arithmetic operations for students in grades 4 at 3 Kelutan State Elementary School. In cycle 1, 40% of students have achieved Minimum Completeness Criteria with an average score of 57.33. Then in cycle II, 80% of students achieved minimum completeness criteria with an average value of 79.33. So it can be concluded that the concrete media of Ice Cream Sticks can improve the mathematics learning outcomes of students in grade 4 at 3 Kelutan State Elementary School.
Recovery of military communication equipment with combat damage
Authors: Sakovych Lev , Ryzhov Yevhen , Kuriata Yana , Hyrenko Ihor , Nastishin Yuriy
Published: June 2023

During hostilities, military communications equipment can be damaged to varying degrees. This is also possible in the event of accidental damage during field exercises or in the event of a violation of conservation technology in the process of placing the equipment for long-term storage, as well as in case of non-compliance of the storage conditions with the established requirements. In the above cases, the equipment receives multiple (multiple) defects, the elimination of which is carried out in stages: first defect detection, and then diagnosis.
The article proposes for the first time an approach to the rational distribution of efforts between stages during the work of a team of specialists, which allows to minimize the average time to restore the working capacity of damaged communication equipment. At the same time, modern achievements in the field of technical diagnostics and metrology were used, the possibility of complex application of types of group search for defects, which was not taken into account in known works, was investigated. Functional dependencies were obtained and the procedure for determining individual stages was formalized to minimize the total time for restoring the operational capacity of damaged communication equipment. Examples of the use of the obtained results and evaluation of the implementation in the practice of military repair in field conditions are given. The proposed block diagram of the algorithm for calculating the distribution of defect time and diagnosis when eliminating multiple defects of military communication equipment by various methods. It is noted that the use of the proposed process of formalization of the rational distribution of the efforts of the team of hardware and technical support specialists in the restoration of military communication equipment with a weak degree of damage allows in each specific case, depending on the real conditions of the repair, to receive recommendations on achieving the minimum time to restore performance.
It was established that the use of the obtained results allows to reduce the average time of restoration of damaged military communication equipment due to the rational distribution of the efforts of specialists between the stages of defect detection and diagnosis from 8% to 25%.
Implementation of active learning methods on the example of teaching the educational discipline “military bridges and roads”
Authors: Stadnichuk Оlena , Ftemov Yuriy , Karshen Andrij , Nados Valeriy , Kropyvnytska Lilia
Published: June 2023

The modern educational process is based on the paradigm of personal-oriented learning and involves purposeful and meaningful interaction between those who teach and those who learn. The methodology of teaching the disciplines of the military special training unit requires a significant arsenal of generally accepted and specific methods, techniques and means of learning, in particular active and interactive methods that encourage the cadet to direct and conscious self-development, the acquisition of quality knowledge, professional skills, and the creative solution of identified problems. The issue of finding new and adapting known forms and methods of conducting classes, choosing the most effective among them to increase the level of training of military specialists is urgent and requires detailed research. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role, advantages and disadvantages of active learning and to analyze the possibility of its integration into the educational process of cadets in higher military educational institutions. The main task was to determine potential risks during the use of active learning methods with cadets and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of the control and experimental groups. The main concerns of teachers and cadets that arise during the implementation of new educational methods are analyzed. It was established that the academic achievements of cadets thanks to active learning are statistically significant and the overall productivity of cadets studying with the help of active learning methods is higher, which is confirmed by the actual level of knowledge and the total effect of active learning methods. The influence of different types and forms of tasks practiced in group classes on the discipline “Military Bridges and Roads” was studied and it was found that the most productive types of tasks that contribute to the assimilation of knowledge are situational tasks, task schemes and description schemes. Implementation of the proposed innovative forms and methods of conducting group classes will help to increase the rate of assimilation of educational material compared to traditional approaches. The main direction of further research should be directed to the development of various types of tasks and forms of their implementation, which will contribute to the formation of the cognitive activity of cadets both under the guidance of a teacher and during independent training, as well as to the creation of an informational and educational “e-environment” taking into account the rapidity of development information and communication technologies.
ПОВСЯКДЕННЯ МАТЕРІАЛЬНО-ГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-ВИЗВОЛЬНОГО РУХУ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ ЗАХІДНИХ ОБЛАСТЕЙ УКРАЇНИ У 1944 – 1953 рр.
Authors: Соляр Ігор Ярославович , Старка Володимир Васильович
Published: June 2023

Волонтерський рух для підтримки Збройних Сил України, який активно розвинувся із початком російсько-української війни у лютому 2022 р., став своє­рідним продовженням української традиції матеріальної підтримки національно-визвольного руху першої половини ХХ століття. Вироблені у той час практики повсякденної підтримки бійців сил національного спротиву дозволили сучасним волонтерам ефективніше та раціональніше використовувати надані їм засоби допомоги українському війську.

Мета публікації полягає у вивченні та реконструкції цілісної картини щоденних практик підтримки сільським населенням західних областей УРСР (Львівської, Дрогобицької, Тернопільської, Станиславівської областей) бійців УПА. Дослі­дження процесів повсякденного матеріально-господарського забезпечення укра­їнського національно-визвольного руху здійснювалося відповідно до загально­наукових принципів об’єктивності та історизму, які реалізовувалися шляхом засто­сування проблемно-хронологічного, статистичного, аналізу й синтезу та інших методів наукового пошуку. Відзначено, що незважаючи на складні соціально-економічні умови повоєнного часу, наростаючий терор радянських репресивних органів, галицьке суспільство у різний спосіб намагалося підтримати своїх захисників. Зупинити підтримку збройного підпілля, радянській владі вдалося лише тоді, коли засобами державного терору галицьке селянство опинилося перед загрозою фізичного виживання.
ВІЙСЬКОВІ ХИТРОЩІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТА РОСІЙСЬКИХ ВІЙСЬК У ПЕРШИХ БОЯХ 2022 р. НА МИКОЛАЇВЩИНІ ТА СУМЩИНІ
Authors: Задунайський Вадим Васильович
Published: June 2023

Військові хитрощі (стратегеми) завжди були важливим елементом воєнного мистецтва. Вагому роль вони відіграли і під час перших боїв на Миколаївщині та Сумщині в 2022 р. Тоді російські війська намагалися застосувати 8 військових хитрощів, але ці спроби були невдалими. Причиною стали помилки російського командування та вдалі дії українських військ. Сили оборони України в боях на Миколаївщині та Сумщині застосували 9 військових хитрощів. Такі підходи суттєво допомогли нанести кілька ключових уражень військам російської федерації і зруйнувати їх стратегічні плани. Усі стратегеми було виявлено на підставі авторського підходу (сформульований у попередніх дослідженнях воєнного мистецтва українських козаків та їх нащадків). Успішне застосування військових хитрощів засвідчило високий рівень воєнного мистецтва Сил оборони України, які, певною мірою, наслідують і козацькі бойові традиції.
Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Liver Disease and Positive Stress Echocardiograms: Impact of Coronary Artery Disease, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis, and Beta-blocker Therapy
Authors: Nazif Kutaiba , Mastouri Ronald , Zenisek Joseph , Green-Hess Deborah , Ghabril Marwan , Feigenbaum Harvey , Sawada Stephen G
Published: June 2023

Background: In the general population, a positive dobutamine stress echocardiogram (DSE) in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) still identifies a high risk group. DSE is a widely employed screening method in candidates for liver transplantation. We investigated the prognostic impact of a positive DSE, CAD, and clinical factors in advanced liver disease.

Methods: We obtained follow-up for cardiovascular events (angina requiring revascularization, heart failure, infarction, and cardiac death) in 61 liver transplant candidates who had positive DSE and coronary angiography. Event-free survival was compared between 22 patients with obstructive CAD (≥ 70% stenosis) and 39 patients with no obstructive CAD. Cox regression was used to identify factors associated with events.

Results: Over a mean follow-up of 27 ± 28 months, 21% (8/39) of patients with positive DSE and no CAD had events compared with 45% (10/22) of patients with positive DSE and CAD (p = 0.04). Event free survival was better in those without CAD (p = 0.014) but one year cardiac mortality was similar in those with (9%) and without CAD (8%). Multivariable analysis showed that beta blocker use (HR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.7 – 9.9, p-value = 0.010), CAD (HR: 4.4 95% CI: 1.8– 10.8, p-value = 0.008), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (HR: 4.9, 95% CI: 2.0 – 11.7, p-value = 0.04) were independently associated with events.

Conclusion: Advanced liver disease patients with positive DSE are at increased risk. CAD, beta blocker use and NASH are independently associated with cardiac events.
Gallic acid-grafted chitosan antibacterial hydrogel incorporated with polydopamine-modified hydroxyapatite for enhancing bone healing
Authors: Pang Yuxuan , Guan Lin , Zhu Yanlin , Niu Ruijuan , Zhu Song , Lin Quan
Published: June 2023

An open critical-size bone defect is a major medical problem because of the difficulty in self-healing, leading to an increased risk of bacterial infection owing to wound exposure, resulting in treatment failure. Herein, a composite hydrogel was synthesized by chitosan, gallic acid, and hyaluronic acid, termed “CGH.” Hydroxyapatite was modified with polydopamine (PDA@HAP) and introduced to CGH to obtain a mussel-inspired mineralized hydrogel (CGH/PDA@HAP). The CGH/PDA@HAP hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical performances, including self-healing and injectable properties. Owing to its three-dimensional porous structure and polydopamine modifications, the cellular affinity of the hydrogel was enhanced. When adding PDA@HAP into CGH, Ca2+ and PO43- could release and then promoted differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts. Without any osteogenic agent or stem cells, the area of new bone at the site of defect was enhanced and the newly formed bone had a dense trabecular structure after implanting of the CGH/PDA@HAP hydrogel for 4 and 8 weeks. Moreover, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was effectively inhibited through the grafting of gallic acid onto chitosan. Above, this study provides a reasonable alternative strategy to manage open bone defects.
GLP-1 receptor agonists as promising disease-modifying agents in WFS1 spectrum disorder
Authors: Panfili Eleonora , Frontino Giulio , Pallotta Maria Teresa
Published: June 2023

WFS1 spectrum disorder (WFS1-SD) is a rare monogenic neurodegenerative disorder whose cardinal symptoms are childhood-onset diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, diabetes insipidus, and neurological signs ranging from mild to severe. The prognosis is poor as most patients die prematurely with severe neurological disabilities such as bulbar dysfunction and organic brain syndrome. Mutation of the WFS1 gene is recognized as the prime mover of the disease and responsible for a dysregulated ER stress signaling, which leads to neuron and pancreatic β-cell death. There is no currently cure and no treatment that definitively arrests the progression of the disease. GLP-1 receptor agonists appear to be an efficient way to reduce elevated ER stress in vitro and in vivo, and increasing findings suggest they could be effective in delaying the progression of WFS1-SD. Here, we summarize the characteristics of GLP-1 receptor agonists and preclinical and clinical data obtained by testing them in WFS1-SD as a feasible strategy for managing this disease.