bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MiR-424-5p and miR -142-3p Combination Synergistically Regulates the Biological Features of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Dastmalchi Narges , Safaralizadeh Reza , Khojasteh Seyed Mahdi Banan , Baradaran Behzad
Published: March 2021

Background: combination treatment was identified as a valuable procedure to decrease breast tumorigenesis. It has been confirmed that microRNAs (miRs) can be considered as a therapeutic agent in breast cancer (BC) combination treatment. Our aim was the examination of potential action and underlying molecular activity of miR-424-5p and miR-142-3p combination in the human BC cells. Methods and results: MiR-424-5p and miR-142-3p mimics were transfected into MCF-7 cells, in a combination or separate manner. The proliferation of the cells was assessed through the MTT test. Also, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot and qRT-PCR determined the expression levels of downstream molecular factors of miR-424-5p and miR-142-3p. The results exhibited that miR-424-5p and miR-142-3p synergetically inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation via apoptosis and autophagy induction and regulation of apoptotic factors, Bax and Bcl-2, and autophagy-associated gene, Beclin1 as well as proliferative factor c-Myc. Also, miR-424-5p and miR-142-3p combination treatment reduced MCF-7 cell colony numbers via modulating Oct-3 and resulted in G2 arrest through controlling STAT3 expression. Conclusions: The simultaneous restoration of miR-424-5p and miR-142-3p showed more cytotoxic effects on BC cells as compared to mono-treatment. Thus, the combination of two miRs (miR-424 and miR-142) could be used us as a new method for breast carcinoma treatment.
Does Thoracic Kyphosis Have Any Importance in Selective Versus Nonselective Fusion Preference in Patients With Lenke Type 5C Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis? A Contribution to the Guidance of the Lenke Classification
Authors: Karademir Gökhan , Sarıyılmaz Kerim , Özkunt Okan , Demirel Mehmet , Dikici Fatih , Domaniç Ünsal
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAlthough Lenke classification analyses the sagittal plane as (+), N, and (-), it does not consider it in the choice of treatment, and it has limitations with overall thoracic kyphosis (TK). To investigate the importance of TK for treatment preference in patients with Lenke 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by comparing radiological outcomes of the patients who underwent selective fusion (SF) or nonselective fusion (NSF). MethodsThirty-two patients with Lenke type 5C AIS were included and then divided into two groups as per the fusion procedure used in the surgical treatment. SF group including 17 patients (15 females; mean age = 16 years, age range, 14–21) with normal TK and NSF group including 15 patients (11 females; mean age = 17 years, age range, 13–26) with thoracic hyper-kyphosis. Thorocolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) Cobb, thoracic (T) Cobb, TK and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured on standing spine radiographs preoperatively and at the final follow-up. The correction rates (CR) of each radiographic parameter were calculated.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in the mean CR of all radiographic parameters, except TK and LL correction rates. The mean CR of TK was significantly higher in NSF group (-17% [range, -100–69]) than in SF group (67% [range, 9–100]) (p = 0.000). Likewise, the mean CR of LL was found significantly higher in NSF group (12.47% [range, -100–51]) than in SF group (-2.41% [range, -75–47]) (p = 0.036).ConclusionIn patients in whom Lenke's sagittal modifier is N, SF can be performed efficiently. NSF should be preferred in those with Lenke's sagittal modifiers (+) as TK can be better controlled with NSF.Level of Evidence: 3
Photoinhibition and β-Carotene Production From Dunaliella sp. Isolated From Salt Pans of Goa
Authors: Joseph Steffy , Dineshram R , C Mohandass
Published: March 2021

The microalgae Dunaliella is a commercially viable species and well known for its extreme environmental tolerance and β-carotene production under stressful conditions. We examined the effect of salinity and light intensity on the growth and β-carotene production, respectively, in two different species of Dunaliella: Dunaliella. sp. and D. salina, isolated from the salt pans of Goa. Both the species were cultured in growth media with different salinity levels to establish the optimum salinity favouring maximum cell growth. Thereafter, the cells were cultured under optimum NaCl concentration, exposed to a range of light intensity and monitored for β-carotene production. The two species, identified based on their molecular characteristics, displayed a significant difference in growth and β-carotene production. Both D. salina and D. sp achieved a maximum cell density of 11.82×106 cells/ml and 18.76×106 cells/ml at 0.75 M and 0.5 M salinity, respectively. D. salina accumulated a large amount of total carotenoid (36.95 pg. cell-1) when cultured at 0.75 M salinity and exposed to high light intensity (1000 µmol m− 2 S− 1). In contrast, the carotenoid content per cell was low in Dunaliella sp. (3.07 pg. cell-1) when cultured under optimal salinity (0.5M) and high light intensity, indicating photoinhibition. We found that different Dunaliella species exhibit different photo-physiological properties that need further evaluation to identify the right candidate for industrial applications.
Acceptance and Perceived Value of Non-Invasive Malaria Diagnostic Tests in Malaria-Endemic Countries
Authors: Owusu Ewurama Dedea Ampadu , Campillo Ana , Daily Jennifer , Ding Xavier
Published: March 2021

Background The diagnosis of malaria, using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), requires the collection of capillary blood. This procedure is relatively simple to perform but invasive and poses potential risks to patients and health workers, arising from the manipulation of potentially infectious bodily fluids. Less or non-invasive diagnostic tests, based on urine, saliva or requiring no sampling, have the potential to generate less discomfort for the patient and to offer simpler and less risky testing procedures that could be safely performed by untrained staff or even self-performed. To explore the potential acceptance and perceived value of such non-invasive tests, an online, international survey was conducted to gather feedback from National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) representatives. Methods An online survey comprising nineteen questions, available in English, French or Spanish, was emailed to 300 individuals who work with NMCPs in malaria-endemic countries. Answers were collected between November and December 2017; responses were qualitatively analysed to identify key themes and trends and quantitatively analysed to determine average values stratified by region. Results Responses were received from 70 individuals, from 33 countries. Approximately half of the respondents (52%) considered current blood-based tests for malaria to be minimally invasive and non-problematic in their setting. For these participants, non-invasive tests would only be of interest if they brought additional performance improvements, as compared with the performance of microscopy and RDTs. Most respondents were of the view that saliva-based (80%) and urine-based (66%) tests would be more readily acceptable among children than blood-based tests. Potential use-case scenarios of interest for both saliva- and urine-based tests were ease-of-testing by community health workers, additional surveillance, self-testing, and outbreak investigation. Many respondents (41%) thought that if saliva-based tests retailed at <$0.50 per unit they could largely replace conventional RDTs, whereas only 25% of respondents thought a similarly priced urine-based test would do so. Conclusion Although limited to NMCP stakeholders, this survey indicated that current tests for malaria, based on capillary blood, are generally perceived to be minimally invasive and non-problematic. Non-invasive tests, especially if saliva-based, would be welcome if they could match or out-perform the price and performance of current blood-based tests.
Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by mesoporous silicalite-1 synthetized using carboxymethyl cellulose as template
Authors: Radoor Sabarish , Karayil Jasila , Jayakumar Aswathy , Shivanna Jyothi Mannekote , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Siengchin Suchart
Published: March 2021

In the present work, we have developed a mesoporous silicalite-1 using CMC as a template for the removal of MB from aqueous solution. The synthesized silicalite-1 were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET). XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of crystallinity and development of MFI structure in the mesoporous silicalite-1. The adsorption of MB dye on mesoporous silicalite-1 was conducted by batch adsorption method. The effect of various parameters such as adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature on the dye uptake ability of silicalite-1 was investigated. The operating parameters for the maximum adsorption are silicalite-1 dosage (0.1 wt%), contact time (240 min), initial dye concentration (10 ppm) and temperature (30°C). The MB dye removal onto mesoporous silicalite-1 followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm. The silicalite-1 exhibits 86% removal efficiency even after six adsorption-desorption cycle. Therefore, the developed mesoporous silicalite-1 is an effective eco-friendly adsorbent for MB dye removal from aqueous environment.
Eplerenone inhibites atrial autonomic nerve remodeling via the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway in a rabbit model of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Ding-yu , Gao Qiang , Zhang Yun , Yuan Yue , Shi Jing , Liu Guang-zhong , Li Yue
Published: March 2021

Aims:Aldosterone is closely associated with atrial fibrillation, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been proved to be effective in preventing atrial structural remodeling. Atrial autonomic nerve system (ANS) plays an important role in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the effects of MRAs on ANS remodeling in AF and the underlying mechanisms are still unknown.Main methods:Twenty-one rabbits were randomized into sham, pacing(P), and pacing + eplerenone(P + E) groups. HL-1 cells were subject to control treatment or rapid pacing with or without eplerenone or U0126 (an inhibitor of ERK1/2). Atrial sympathetic and parasympathetic remodeling was detected by immunohistohistochemical analysis, western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Circulating neurohormone levels and atrial electrophysiology were also assessed.Key findings:The ERK1/2 MAPK pathway was significantly activated in AF rabbit/HL-1 cell models, resulting in the upregulation of key downstream proteins; this effect was significantly restored by eplerenone(P<0.05). Eplerenone also prevented the changes in circulating neurohormone levels, reduced the mRNA levels of sympathetic- and parasympathetic-related growth factors, and inhibited the inducibility and duration of AF.Significance:Eplerenone inhibited atrial autonomic nerve remodeling and the occurrence of AF by modulating the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway.
Prognostic lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs Form a Competing Endogenous RNA Network in CESC
Authors: Li Lang , Guo Qiusheng , Lan Gaochen , Liu Fei , Wang Wenwu , Lv Xianmei
Published: March 2021

Background: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) tumorigenesis involves a combination of multiple genetic alteration processes. Constructing a survival-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and a multi-mRNA-based prognostic signature model can help us better understand the complexity and genetic characteristics of CESC.Methods: The RNA-seq data and clinical information of CESC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs were identified by edgeR package. Constructing prognostic model used the differentially expressed RNAs. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were performed to assess survival rates. The relationships between overall survival (OS) and clinical parameters were evaluated by Cox regression analysis. A survival-associated ceRNA network was constructed by multiMiR package and miRcode database. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) were used to identify the functional role of the ceRNA network in the prognosis of CESC.Results: Differentially expressed 298 mRNAs, 8 miRNAs, and 29 lncRNAs were significantly associated with the prognosis of CESC. The prognostic signature model based on 4 mRNAs (OPN3, DAAM2, HENMT1, and CAVIN3) was constructed. The prognostic ability was 0.726 for this model. Patients in the high-risk group were significantly associated with worse OS. The KEGG pathways were significantly enriched in the TGF-β and Cell adhesion molecules signaling pathways.Conclusion: This study identified several potential prognostic biomarkers to construct a multi-mRNA-based prognostic model for CESC.
Identification and Characterization of a Novel Carboxylesterase EstQ7 from a Soil Metagenomic Library
Authors: Yan Zhenzhen , Ding Liping , Zou Dandan , Wang Luyao , Tan Yuzhi , Guo Shuting , Zhang Yingchen , Xin Zhihong
Published: March 2021

A novel lipolytic gene, estq7, was identified from a fosmid metagenomic library. The recombinant enzyme EstQ7 consists of 370 amino acids with an anticipated molecular mass of 42 kDa. Multiple sequence alignments showed that EstQ7 contained a pentapeptide motif GHSMG, and a putative catalytic triad Ser174–Asp306–His344. Interestingly, EstQ7 was found to have very little similarity to the characterized lipolytic enzymes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that EstQ7 may be a member of a novel family of lipolytic enzymes. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant enzyme revealed that it constitutes a slightly alkalophilic, moderate thermophilic and highly active carboxylesterase against short chain fatty acid esters with optimum temperature 50 ℃ and pH 8.2. The Km and kcat values toward p-nitrophenyl acetate were determined to be 0.17 mM and 1910 S-1, respectively. Moreover, EstQ7 was demonstrated to have acyltransferase activity by GC-MS analysis. Homology modeling of the three-dimensional structure of this new enzyme showed that it exhibits a typical α/β hydrolase fold, and the catalytic triad residues are spatially close. Molecular docking reveled the interactions between the enzyme and the ligand. The high levels of lipolytic activity of EstQ7, combined with its moderate thermophilic property, and acyltransferase activity, render this novel enzyme a promising candidate biocatalyst for food, pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.
Chromosomal Concordance between the Baby Produced by Preimplantation Genetic Testing Embryo and the Trophectoderm Biopsy: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Yao Zhongyuan , Wang Xiaoxia , Zeng Jun , Zhao Jing , Xia Qiuping , Zhang Lei , Wu Lingqian , Li Yanping
Published: March 2021

BackgroundChromosomal mosaicism and aneuploidies are routine phenomena throughout human pre- and post-implantation development. The benefit of implanting mosaicism or aneuploidies is still controversial. The purposes of the study are to investigate the developmental potential of embryos with chromosomally segmental or mosaic abnormalities, and whether precise Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) resolution would reduce the development of an abnormal embryo in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles.MethodsThe peripheral blood of 17 PGT babies were collected for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and were compared with trophectoderm (TE) biopsy results at different NGS resolutions.Results76.5% (13/17) of babies’ peripheral blood chromosome analysis was consistent with 10Mb TE biopsies and 58.8% (10/17) of babies’ analysis was consistent with 4Mb TE biopsies. 2 babies who had euploid TE showed abnormal peripheral blood chromosome analysis. 17.6% (3/17) embryos with aberrant TE biopsies produced healthy babies. Although the sensitivity of 10Mb was lower than 4Mb (25% vs. 50%), the specificity (100% vs. 76.9%), PPV (100% vs. 40%) and diagnostic accuracy (82.4% vs. 70.6%) of 10Mb showed better results than 4Mb.Conclusion(s)The chromosomal results between peripheral blood samples and TE biopsies of born babies are not completely congruent. Aneuploid and mosaic embryos have potential to produce healthy babies, whereas normal embryos also have chance to produce babies with chromosomal abnormalities. In spite of low sensitivity of both resolutions, 10Mb has higher specificity, PPV and diagnostic accuracy than 4Mb. It is suggested that TE biopsy be analyzed in both 10Mb and 4Mb resolutions to uncover severely adverse chromosomal aberrations but use 10Mb resolution to guide transfer.Trial registrationThe study was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100042522).
Intraspinal Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma Promotes Regeneration of the Spinal Cord and Improves Locomotor Function by Modulating the Apoptosis and the Wnt Signaling Pathways
Authors: Behroozi Zahra , Ramezani Fatemeh , Nasirinezhad farinaz
Published: March 2021

Background: There are complex mechanisms for reducing intrinsic repair ability and neuronal regeneration following spinal cord injury (SCI). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a rich source of growth factors and has been used to stimulate regeneration of peripheral nerves in degenerationtive diseases. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of PRP on the SCI models. We examined whether PRP derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB-PRP) could recover motor function in animals with spinal cord injury. We also investigate the role of Wnt signaling pathway.Methods: Ault male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=60) as control, sham, SCI, vehicle (SCI+platelet-poor plasma), PRP2day (SCI+injection 2 days after SCI) and PRP14day (SCI+injection 14 days after SCI). SCI was performed at the T12-T13 level. BBB tests were done weekly after injury for six weeks. caspase3 expression was determined using the Immunohistochemistry technique. The expression of GSK3β, Tau and MAG were determined using the Western blot technique. Data were analyzed by PRISM & SPSS software. Results: PRP injected animals showed a higher locomotor function recovery than those in the SCI group (p<0.0001). The level of caspase3, GSK3β and CSF- Tau reduced and MAG level in the spinal cord increased by injection of HUCB-PRP in animals with spinal cord injury. Conclusions: Injection of HUCB-PRP enhanced hind limb locomotor performance by modulation of caspase3, GSK3β, tau and MAG expression. Using HUCB-PRP could be a new therapeutic option for recovering the motor function and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury.
Design And Application Of Iot Based Real-Time Patient Telemonitoring System Using Biomedical Sensor Network
Authors: Debnath Prama , Mahmud Apple , Hossain Ahsanul Kabir , Rahman S M Imrat
Published: March 2021

The field of Internet of Things (IoT) and Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) system has been developing rapidly causing these technologies to be adopted in multiple domains all around the world. This paper presents the design of a real-time remote monitoring system for vulnerable patients. The proposed device measures body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, Oxygen saturation level and electrocardiogram signals (ECG) of patients admitted into Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or Operating Room (OR), and automatically updates all these data on a corresponding hybrid cloud server in every 45 seconds to which a corresponding physician has access. More than 2000 cycles are conducted within a day where all five biomedical parameters are measured and stored on each cycle. Furthermore, the system includes alarm triggering system and emergency Short Message Service (SMS) alert service using GSM technology in order to initiate proper control actions in case of emergencies. This device facilitates doctors, nurses, relatives of patients, or anyone around the world to monitor real-time parameters of patients. The process was tested on 10 patients obtaining a satisfactory outcome. The system proposed in this paper reveals a new vision of biomedical engineering which tends to the era of remotely controllable ICU environment with more interactive, efficient and fast response of both patient and corresponding physicians.
ON THE PROBLEM OF THE SPECIFIC FREQUENCY OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
Authors: Tadjibaev Ikram Uralbaevich
Published: March 2021

In the article, on the basis of observational data the problems of the specific frequency of globular clusters are studied. Possible relationships between them and the absolute stellar magnitude of their host galaxy are considered, where the observational data published in the literature were presented. It should be noted that before us the relationship between the specific frequency and the absolute magnitude is shown as exponential functions. An empirical relationship between the specific frequency and the absolute value of the host galaxy were obtained and showed that the dependence of the specific frequency on the absolute magnitude is not linear, but has a quadratic function. It is also shown that the specific frequency determines the number of globular clusters in a given galaxy relative to our Galaxy. Also in the article, based on the results of studies of the specific frequency, some discussions are presented related to the origin and evolution of globular clusters. The results obtained show that the ratios of the specific frequency to the luminosity of the host galaxy are different. Variations in the specific frequency of elliptical galaxies are associated with variations in the mass-to-luminous flux ratio. This may be due to the fact that the number of globular clusters in spiral galaxies per unit of luminosity of the halo and not of the entire galaxy. Analysis of the observational data shows that the values of the specific frequency of spiral galaxies are 5–6 times less than that of giant elliptical ones. As a result of the results of studies of the specific frequency of the globular clusters, unsolved problems are listed and possible solutions are shown. It is noted that the problem posed will be solved even more accurately if it is considered by the types of galaxies
MULTI-CRITERIONAL CHOICE OF AN ALTERNATIVE UNDER THE RULES OF FUZZY PRODUCTS WITH SOME RELIABILITY DEGREE
Authors: Habibov Ibrahim Abulfaz , Dyshin Oleg , Аghаmmadova Sevda Alipasha , Hasanzade Irada Sabir
Published: March 2021

One of the main problems of decision-making tasks is the need to take into account subjective expert assessments, the complete consistency of which is rare, and the choice of the best alternative. The complexity of the connections between the many-sided aspects of the decision-making situation and the lack of an accurate forecast of the consequences leads to the fact that when assessing and choosing alternatives, it is possible, and often necessary, to use and process qualitatively fuzzy estimates. In decision-making situations, when at least one of the elements (outcomes, criteria, preferences, expert opinions, etc.) is described qualitatively, indistinctly, there are problems of multi-criteria decision-making with fuzzy initial information.

Let’s consider the solution to the problem of multi-criteria choice based on the rules of fuzzy conditional inference, which have the form of fuzzy statements, the conditions and conclusions of which, along with expert assessments of the criteria, are presented in the form of interval fuzzy numbers of the second type (IT2FN). The convolution of private implications in each statement is made according to Lukasiewicz's rule. To reduce the type and defuzzify the resulting IT2FN, the Karrnik-Mendel algorithm was used to construct the minimum and maximum centroids of nested fuzzy sets of the first type, which give an estimate of the utility interval for each alternative. To refine the obtained utility estimates, under conditions of incomplete definiteness of statements, using the generalized Bayesian inference mechanism, adjusted estimates of the utility intervals of alternatives are constructed. By comparing these intervals, a larger interval is determined and the corresponding alternative is taken as a solution to the problem under consideration.

The application of the proposed approach to solving the problem of multicriteria selection of the most corroded section of a gas pipeline with ambiguous expert opinions is shown. To date, specific practical and theoretical results have been obtained for decision-making problems with fuzzy initial information
QGOpt: Riemannian optimization for quantum technologies
Authors: Luchnikov Ilia , Ryzhov Alexander , Filippov Sergey , Ouerdane Henni
Published: March 2021

Many theoretical problems in quantum technology can be formulated and addressed as constrained optimization problems. The most common quantum mechanical constraints such as, e.g., orthogonality of isometric and unitary matrices, CPTP property of quantum channels, and conditions on density matrices, can be seen as quotient or embedded Riemannian manifolds. This allows to use Riemannian optimization techniques for solving quantum-mechanical constrained optimization problems. In the present work, we introduce QGOpt, the library for constrained optimization in quantum technology. QGOpt relies on the underlying Riemannian structure of quantum-mechanical constraints and permits application of standard gradient based optimization methods while preserving quantum mechanical constraints. Moreover, QGOpt is written on top of TensorFlow, which enables automatic differentiation to calculate necessary gradients for optimization. We show two application examples: quantum gate decomposition and quantum tomography.
A model for analyzing the financial stability of banks in the VUCA-world conditions
Authors: Khalatur Svitlana , Velychko Liudmyla , Pavlenko Olena , Karamushka Oleksandr , Huba Mariia
Published: March 2021

VUСA is a chaotic and rapidly changing business environment that, based on the variability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity of the modern world, transforms the approach of banks to the analysis of financial stability. The aim of the paper is to improve tools for monitoring the impact of VUCA-world conditions on the financial stability of banks, namely a model for studying and analyzing the impact of the modern business space “VUCA” on the financial stability of the country's banks. To test the model, the method of constructing regression equations in multifactor regression analysis is used. For this study, data from some Eastern European countries (Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova) were used, and time series data were used for 10 years from 2010 to 2019.Having considered the definition of “VUCA-world conditions”, the model of modern business space “VUCA” was developed when analyzing the activity of banks in the studied countries. Drivers, consequences, requirements and macroeconomic indicators of the countries’ activities in the VUСA-world conditions are determined. The VUCA-world conditions also consider the study of key macroeconomic indicators that allow building long-term relationships throughout the value chain. The analysis of the studied Eastern European countries showed that with the increase of factors of GDP growth, GNI per capita growth, research and development costs, foreign direct investment, and net inflow of 1%, the effective ratio of bank capital and assets also increases. The assessment, in contrast to the existing ones, makes it possible to consider the impact of the macroeconomic environment of banks on their financial stability.
The shock absorption efficiency of the newly developed neutral equilibrium mechanism in building
Authors: Sung Wen-Pei , Shih Ming-Hsiang
Published: March 2021

When a structure is hit by an earthquake, the resultant dynamic amplification threatens the safety of the structure. To counteract the seismic force and also reduce structural deformation, a control force, which requires a huge actuator, can be exerted. To avoid the use of excessively large actuators, the power capacity of the actuator needs to be reduced. To overcome these problems, the Neutral Equilibrium Mechanism (NEM) has been developed. The NEM can achieve changes in control with minimal output. The test results of the NEM confirm the following: 1. The total strength of the inner spring is equal to the total strength of the main control spring. 2. The deformation of the main control spring is zero when the angle of the linkage is zero. 3. When the angle of the linkage is +/–90 degrees, the deformation of the inner spring is zero. Considering time delay, the results of analysis show the following: 1. The time delay should be controlled to less than 0.020 seconds, and this mechanism can exert an excellent structural displacement reduction effect. 2. Comparison of the unbalanced force, the maximum output power and the maximum control power of the NEM to those of the direct control method under the same control parameters shows that when the time delay is 0.001 seconds, the unbalanced force of the NEM is only 1/230 and 1/236 of the maximum control force and the maximum output power of direct control respectively. 3. When the time delay is 0.005 seconds, the unbalanced force of the NEM is only 1/150 and also 1/150 of the maximum control and maximum output power of direct control respectively; 4. When the time delay is 0.010 seconds, the unbalanced force of this mechanism is 1/85 and 1/80 of the maximum control force and the maximum output power of direct control. The advantages of the NEM are that the control effect of a building with the NEM under a small unbalanced force and the maximum output power of a small NEM can achieve the same control effect of direct control under the same control parameters.
Photocatalytic degradation of hydrocarbons and methylene blue using floatable titanium dioxide catalysts in contaminated water
Authors: Schnabel T. , Jautzus N. , Mehling S. , Springer C. , Londong J.
Published: March 2021

Photocatalytic disintegration is a novel approach to eliminate pollution. The method utilizes the semiconductor titanium dioxide to degrade organic molecules in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. In this study, it is shown how the capabilities of several types of catalyst designs degrade the non-polar substance diesel fuel and the polar substance methylene blue. The floating design of foam glass coated with titanium dioxide could reduce the concentration of diesel fuel by 329 mg/L in 16 h; the submerged designs for coated glass fiber and coated steel grit could reduce methylene blue concentration by 96.6% after 4 h and 99.1% after 6 h, respectively. It could be shown that photocatalysis is a promising cost- and energy-efficient method for managing air and water pollution. It can be established as a low-technology method without requiring the use of a conventional source of energy, given an adequate amount of sun hours, or as an additional cleaning stage in water treatment plants using UV-LEDs.
“Jacob’s Blessing” (Gen 49:1–28) in Targumic Interpretation
Authors: Kuśmirek Anna
Published: March 2021

Genesis 49 shows the scene that takes place at the deathbed of the patriarch Jacob. In the face of his upcoming death, Jacob calls on all of his sons that they may listen to and accept his words of valediction. The patriarch addresses each of them individually. This piece of text serves an example of the biblical poetry in which metaphors play an important role. In the Hebrew text there are words and phrases that raise many doubts and questions. Not only contemporary translators and biblical scholars contend with these difficulties, but ancient and medieval commentators did as well. The Aramaic Targums testify to the early Jewish exegesis and interpretation of Gen 49. This article presents the paraphrase and discusses a few selected verses of the Aramaic version of Torah (Tg. Onq., Tg. Neof., Frg. Tg(s)., Tg. Ps.-J.). Based on the above examples, the development of principal Jewish views on eschatology (49:1-2) and of Messianic expectations in context of Jacob’s blessing of the tribe of Judah (49:8-12) is portrayed. The last part of this article comprises the rendering and the meaning of the Targumic animal metaphors based on the examples of Issachar (49:14-15) and of Benjamin (49:27) that significantly differ from the Hebrew text.
In Search of the Key to the Theology of Paul the Apostle
Authors: Rakocy Waldemar
Published: March 2021

The Author of the paper looks for a key to the theological thought of the Apostle Paul. The fact that it lacks a clear definition results in authors radically differing in their perception, for instance, regarding the relationship between the Old and the New Testament, and as a result, whether or not the Old Testament has a decisive influence on the Pauline thought, continuing along this line: whether the Apostle in his view always remained a Jew, or whether he distanced himself from Judaism. The fact that we do not have a category clearly defining the relationship between the Old and New Testament salvific reality results in an abundance of contradictory opinions. That is also transferred to other areas of the Pauline theology. The interpretation of Paul’s theology tends to be determined by preconceptions, built upon various ways of understanding the significance of the Old Testament, or various relationship to Judaism and its thought. The author of the paper indicates a concept, treated as marginal by scholars, of a new creation in Christ as the key to understanding the Pauline thought. It lays in the background of all themes treated by Paul and connects them into a single, coherent entity.
Freedom of Conscience as a Subject of Contemporary Controversies
Authors: Machinek Marian
Published: March 2021

One of the important reasons why the issue of freedom of conscience is one of the most controversial problems of modern times is the ongoing dispute over its definition. In the context of the contemporary emphasis on the moral autonomy of the person, the recent definitions of conscience as the “voice of God” sound at least ambiguous. It is therefore important to point out the various dimensions of conscience. The first and basic one is the individual dimension: conscience is defined as moral self-consciousness in its deepest, personal dimension. It can therefore, following E. Fromm, be described as the “guardian of moral integrity.” However, in addition to this, conscience also points out to “what is common” (J. Ratzinger), to the fundamental values that make social life possible. It is therefore also a carrier of moral truth. Finally, conscience touches upon the relationship with God and this is where its important religious dimension is expressed. It is only when each of these three dimensions of conscience is taken into account that the question of its freedom can be adequately considered. It concerns, above all, the relationship of an individual conscience to an external authority, both in social and ecclesiastical context.
Mariological Interpretation of the Eight Beatitudes (Matt 5:3–10)
Authors: Wołowski Lech
Published: March 2021

The article examines the question of the Mariological interpretation of the eight beatitudes contained in Matt 5:3–10. Christian theologians of all ages, from Clement of Alexandria to the authors of contemporary biblical commentaries, have proposed various interpretations of this biblical text. Among the multitude of interpretations developed throughout history, the Mariological aspect appears quite rarely. Yet, as Pope Benedict XVI observes, the very biblical Marian title “Blessed” should direct the theological thought to the Mariological aspects of this issue. In modern times, a very deep reflection on the subject was conducted by two great theologians of the XX century, J. Ratzinger (Benedict XVI) and H.U. von Balthasar. On the Polish ground, the task was partly undertaken by J. Tischner, who elaborated the theme of eight beatitudes in the key of the Marian pilgrimage of the nation. The present work is meant to deepen the Mariological-biblical analysis of the eight beatitudes and revive the discussion regarding this subject in the perspective proposed by Benedict XVI, to understand the beatitudes as a program of life for a modern Christian.
CMSWR versus LCWR: About the Crisis and the Renewal of Consecrated Female Life in the USA
Authors: Chaberek Michał
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the history of reforms of American religious sisters initiated by Pius XII and concluded by a joint agreement between the LCWR and the Commissions of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The article shows the character of the reforms undertaken before and after the Council and how two organizations representing American sisters were established. The continuous departure of the LCWR from the teaching of the Church is presented in opposition to the fidelity of the second organization with canonical status – CMSWR. The lack of vocations among the sisters gathered in the LCWR is a sign of mistakes in the reforms that were undertaken and politicization of the organization.
Lipid Lowering Natural Products Targeting hPCSK9 May Prevent the Severity of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Basak Ajoy , Vaijanathappa Jaishree , Basak Sarmistha
Published: March 2021

Background:

The deadly outbreak of COVID-19 disease caused by novel SARS CoV2
has created an unprecedented global health crisis affecting every sectors of human life and enormous
damage to world’s economy. With >16.1 million infections and >650,000 deaths worldwide
as of July 27, 2020, there is no treatment for this disease neither is there any available vaccine. Serious
research efforts are ongoing on all fronts including treatment, prevention and diagnosis to combat
the spread of this infection. A number of targets that include both viral and host proteins have
been identified and became part of intense investigation. In this respect the viral surface spike (S)
glycoprotein caught the attention most. It is cleaved by multiple host proteases to allow recognition
by host receptor human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme2 (hACE2) leading to fusion and viral replication.
Natural products, small compounds, antioxidants, peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides,
antibodies and other compounds are under investigation for development of antiviral agents against
COVID- 19.

Objective:

Recently cholesterol lowering phytocompounds Quercetin, Swertiamarin and Berberine
which promote human Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (hLDLR) via inhibition of human Proprotein
Convertase Subtilisin Kexin9 (hPCSK9) have been shown to block viral infections caused
by ebola, influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and other RNA
type viruses. Since SARS CoV2 is a RNA virus with similar genetic structure and infection machinery,
it is hypothesised that these phytocompounds may also exhibit antiviral property against
COVID-19.

Methods:

Our above concept is based on recently published studies as well as our herein presented
in silico modeling and computational data which suggested strong interactions of hPCSK9 with
above phytocompounds and most importantly with hACE2 following its complexation with receptor
binding domain (RBD) of SARS CoV2 S protein.

Results:

These results and a proposed schematic model showing association of hPCSK9 with
SARS CoV2 infection are presented in this manuscript. It is proposed that hPCSK9 plays the role
of a co-receptor in binding with hACE2:RBD complex and thereby facilitates viral fusion.

Conclusion:

Our studies suggest that PCSK9 inhibitors may provide beneficial effect against
COVID-19 infection by retarding viral fusion through displacement of bound hPCSK9 from its
complex with ACE2:RBD of SARS CoV2 S protein.
Soft Violence, Social Radicalisation, and Violent Transnational Social Movements (VTSMs)
Authors: Kelshall Candyce
Published: March 2021

On November 25, 2020, Candyce Kelshall presented on the topic of Soft Violence, Social Radicalisation, and Violent Transnational Social Movements (VTSMs), at the 2020 CASIS West Coast Security Conference. Primary discussion topics included the distinction between terrorists and violent extremists, weapons used by violent extremists, social radicalisation and self actualisation (SRSA), the production of lone actors, and the intersectionality of violent extremist actors. This presentation was followed by a group panel for questions and answers, whereby conference attendees were provided with an opportunity to engage in discussion with Professor Kelshall and the other presenters.
Socioeconomic Disparities in eHealth Literacy and Preventive Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Guo Ziqiu , Zhao Sheng Zhi , Guo Ningyuan , Wu Yongda , Weng Xue , Wong Janet Yuen-Ha , Lam Tai Hing , Wang Man Ping
Published: March 2021

Background

eHealth literacy can potentially facilitate web-based information seeking and taking informed measures.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate socioeconomic disparities in eHealth literacy and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19, and their associations with COVID-19 preventive behaviors.

Methods

The COVID-19 Health Information Survey (CoVHIns), using telephonic (n=500) and web-based surveys (n=1001), was conducted among adults in Hong Kong in April 2020. The Chinese eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS; score range 8-40) was used to measure eHealth literacy. COVID-19 preventive behaviors included wearing surgical masks, wearing fabric masks, washing hands, social distancing, and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system. Adjusted beta coefficients and the slope indices of inequality for the eHEALS score by socioeconomic status, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 by socioeconomic status, and aORs for the high adherence to preventive behaviors by the eHEALS score and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 were calculated.

Results

The mean eHEALS score was 26.10 (SD 7.70). Age was inversely associated with the eHEALS score, but education and personal income were positively associated with the eHEALS score and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 (for all, P for trend<.05). Participants who sought web-based information on COVID-19 showed high adherence to the practice of wearing surgical masks (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.15-2.13), washing hands (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.71), social distancing (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.14-1.93), and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.18). Those with the highest eHEALS score displayed high adherence to the practice of wearing surgical masks (aOR 3.84, 95% CI 1.63-9.05), washing hands (aOR 4.14, 95% CI 2.46-6.96), social distancing (aOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.39-3.65), and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.19-3.16), compared to those with the lowest eHEALS score.

Conclusions

Chinese adults with a higher socioeconomic status had higher eHealth literacy and sought more web-based information on COVID-19; both these factors were associated with a high adherence to the guidelines for preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Introducing a two‐dimensional graph of docking score difference vs. similarity of ligand‐receptor interactions
Authors: Pratama Mohammad Rizki Fadhil , Poerwono Hadi , Siswodihardjo Siswandono
Published: March 2021

Observation of molecular docking results was generally performed by analyzing the docking score and the interacting amino acid residues separately either in tables or graphs. Sometimes it was not easy to rank the tested ligands’ docking results, especially if there were many ligands. This study aims to introduce a new way to analyze docking results with a two‐dimensional graph between the difference in docking score and the similarity of ligand‐receptor interactions. Molecular docking was performed with one reference ligand and several test ligands. The docking score difference was obtained between the test and the reference ligands as the graph’s x‐axis. Meanwhile, the y‐axis contains the similarity of ligand‐receptor interactions, obtained from the ratio of amino acid residues and the types of interactions between the test and reference ligands. Docking result analysis was more straightforward because two critical parameters were presented in one graph. This graph could be used to support the analysis of the docking results.
Imaginative Networks: Tracing Connec­tions Among Early Modern Book Dedi­cations
Authors: Ladd John R.
Published: March 2021

This essay uses network metrics (centrality, density, clustering coefficients) to account for shifts in dedicatory practice resulting from political crises, religious turmoil, and changes in book production practices. It constructs a network from the names that appear in dedications of EEBO-TCP texts; names are detected using the linguistic markup from the EarlyPrint project. The essay argues that we learn more about early modern book history by constructing networks of all the names that appear in dedications, not just those of authors, printers, and patrons. The network includes a mixture of religious and political figures, literary personalities, fictional characters, and bookmaking professionals, because this is the full range of names that dedicatory practice covers in the period. By proceeding in this way, network metrics can account for a range of dedicatory phenomena, including Queen Elizabeth’s popularity on both sides of the political aisle long after her death and, especially, consolidation around non-contemporary names in dedicatory practice as a result of both the Civil War and the Restoration. The imaginative networks revealed by early modern dedications are organized mainly around untimely figures from the recent and distant past, but despite this the networks are sensitive to historical change, especially at moments of political and social crisis.
ПРИНЦИПЫ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ТЕПЛОВИЗИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ СОТРУДНИКОВ
Authors: Ксендзук А.В.
Published: March 2021

В работе представлены принципы построения интеллектуальной тепловизионной системы определения температуры, обеспечивающей выявление инфицированных сотрудников предприятий. Приведены особенности использования тепловизионных комплексов и их недостатки. Предложены технические и программно-алгоритмические методы устранения этих недостатков. Описана структура предлагаемой системы и ее преимущества. Приведены основные результаты исследования макета интеллектуальной тепловизионной системы определения температуры сотрудников.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ДЛЯ РАЗРАБОТКИ ВЫСОКОПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
Authors: Дорофеев В.П.
Published: March 2021

Представлен обзор современных достижений в области искусственного интеллекта и возможностей их применения в задачах разработки высокопроизводительных устройств. Приведено краткое описание библиотеки искусственно-интеллектуальных решений для разработки высокопроизводительных систем MicroAl и персонального ассистента «Искусственный электроник», разрабатываемых в НИИСИ РАН.
ГИБКИЙ ПОДХОД К МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЮ ЭЛЕКТРОФОРМОВКИ И РЕЗИСТИВНОГО ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ В МЕТАЛЛООКСИДНЫХ МЕМРИСТИВНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВАХ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ФИЛАМЕНТЫ
Authors: Окулич Е.В. , Гусейнов Д.В. , Королев Д.С. , Белов А.И. , Окулич В.И. , Тетельбаум Д.И. , Михайлова А.Н.
Published: March 2021

Предложена оригинальная модель резистивного переключения металлооксидных мемристивных устройств. Эффективность и гибкость подхода продемонстрированы на примере экспериментально реализованных структур Au/oxide/TiN.
МЕТОДЫ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ АКУСТИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЗНАКОВ В ЗАДАЧЕ РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ РЕЧИ РЕКУРРЕНТНЫМИ НЕЙРОННЫМИ СЕТЯМИ С ДОЛГОЙ КРАТКОСРОЧНОЙ ПАМЯТЬЮ
Authors: Мошкарова Л.А. , Тельминов О.А.
Published: March 2021

В работе рассмотрены основные методы извлечения признаков из аудиосигнала, в том числе MFCC, PLP, PNCC. Решена задача побуквенного распознавания русской речи с помощью рекуррентной нейронной сети LSTM с выходным слоем - классификатором CTC. Проведен анализ результатов распознавания для разных акустических признаков. Установлен наиболее быстродействующий метод, а также метод, позволяющий получить наиболее точные результаты.