bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toimeentuloturvasta investointimaailmaan?
Authors: Lindberg Marja , Nygård Mikael , Autto Janne , Rappe Axel , Gichuhi Emily
Published: November 2020

Huoli lapsiperheiden hyvinvoinnista on kasvanut Suomessa 2000-luvulla. Huolimatta Suomen kuulumisesta universalismin periaatteelle rakentuvaan pohjoismaiseen hyvinvointimalliin, epävarmemmat ja vaativammat työmarkkinat sekä valtion tuissa ja palveluissa tehdyt leikkaukset ovat viime vuosina lisänneet lapsiperheiden pahoinvointia, erityisesti pienituloisissa sekä yksinhuoltaja- ja monilapsiperheissä. Tämän artikkelin tarkoituksena on tutkia hallitusohjelmia analysoimalla, miten lapsiperheiden hyvinvointi on konstruoitu poliittisesti Suomessa vuosina 2007–2019. Analyysi nojaa teorioihin poliittisten kamppailuiden sekä erilaisten vaikutusvaltaisten ideoiden merkityksestä politiikassa. Hallitusohjelmia tarkastellaan diskursiivisesti, semioottista aktanttimallia soveltaen ja kiinnittäen huomiota siihen, miten ohjelmissa tuodaan esiin hyvinvoinnin osa-alueet, konkreettiset politiikkatoimet sekä niiden kohderyhmät ja tausta-ajatukset. Analyysin tulosten perusteella voidaan todeta, että tarkastellun ajanjakson alussa perheiden hyvinvoinnin poliittinen konstruointi kulminoitui pitkälti nimenomaan lapsiperheiden hyvinvointiin ja taloudelliseen asemaan, joiden katsottiin heikentyneen työmarkkinoiden epävarmuuden sekä perhepoliittisten tulonsiirtojen reaaliarvon heikkenemisestä johtuen. 2010–luvun edetessä lapsiperheiden hyvinvoinnin kuvaukset monipuolistuivat ja rakentuivat yhä enemmän modernimmalle perhekäsitykselle. Samalla tulonsiirtoihin nojaavasta perhepolitiikasta siirryttiin ”sosiaalisten investointien” politiikkaan, missä perheiden hyvinvoinnin edistäminen turvataan lähinnä korkealaatuisten palveluiden avulla sekä vanhempien osallistumisella työntekoon.
Yhteiskuntaluokka elää ja voi paremmin kuin hyvin äänestämisen vedenjakajana, jakolinja siirtynyt äänestyskopin sisältä äänestyspaikan kynnykselle
Authors: Lahtinen Hannu
Published: November 2020

Artikkeli pohjaa VTT Hannu Lahtisen 27.9.2019 Helsingin yliopistossa pidetyn väitöstilaisuuden lektioon.

Sosioekonomiset – esimerkiksi yksilön koulutustasoon, ammattiasemaan tai tuloihin liittyvät – erot äänestämistodennäköisyydessä ovat klassinen tutkimuskohde useilla yhteiskuntatieteiden aloilla. Suomessa on tilaisuus aiheen tutkimiseen poikkeuksellisen luotettavasti rekisteriaineistojen avulla. Sosioekonomiset tekijät, äänestämässä käynti ja rekisteriaineistot muodostavat perustuksen, jonka varaan rakensin väitöstutkimukseni. Tutkimus osoittaa, että varsinkin nuorten aikuisten koulutusryhmittäiset äänestysaktiivisuuserot ovat nyky-Suomessa ovat suorastaan hälyttävällä tasolla, ja ne ovat myös kärjistyneet huomattavasti viimeisten vuosikymmenien aikana. Esitän lisäksi näyttöä siitä, että kyselytutkimukset ovat aliarviointeet näitä eroja sosiaalisesta suotavuudesta ja vastaajien valikoitumisesta kumpuavien mittausvirheiden takia.
Miten yhteiskunnallista traumaa käsitellään?
Authors: Poutanen Mikko J.
Published: November 2020

Anteeksipyytäminen ja -antaminen herättää voimakkaita tunteita. Tämä tuli selväksi vuonna 2019, kun entinen koomikko ja nykyinen kansanedustaja Pirkka-Pekka Petelius (vihr.) pyysi anteeksi sekä saamelaisia että romaneja pilkkaavia sketsejään. Syntyi kohu, jossa kyseenalaistettiin Peteliuksen tarve pyytää anteeksi – myös kolmansien osapuolten toimesta. Anteeksipyynnön tarpeettomuutta kommentoivat niin kansalaiset kuin poliitikotkin, mutta jossain määrin myös  anteeksipyynnön kohteet. Kysyttiin ikään kuin historiallista revisionismia vastustaen, että miksi vanhoja asioita täytyi näin kaivella. Monelle ajatus siitä, että menneitä kaiveltiin nykyajan mittapuulla, tuntui liioitetulta.

Vaikka tapaus saattaa vaikuttaa melko triviaalilta, on sen taustalla laajoja, ennen kaikkea poliittisia kysymyksiä siitä, miten tiedostamattaankin yhteiskunnallisessa valta-asemassa (ts. valtaväestöä edustava koomikko kansallisella televisiokanavalla) toimineet saattavat arvioida aiempaa toimintaansa uudelleen. Tässä kontekstissa anteeksipyyntö ei ole ainoastaan subjektiivinen teko, vaan se koskettaa yhteiskuntaa laajemmin – vähintään siinä laajuudessa, kuin anteeksipyynnön aihe on yhteiskunnallisia ryhmiä koskettanut. Näin keskusteluun tulevat vedetyksi myös ryhmät, jotka katsovat että asia ei heitä ole koskenut, eikä siten voi koskea nytkään. Tyypillisesti anteeksiantaminen on ollut poliittisesti ehdollista, mutta myös anteeksipyytäminen on poliittinen tai ainakin poliittisesti arkaluonteinen teko. Kuka pyytää keitä edustaen anteeksi keneltä?
EFFECTIVENESS OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR INHIBITORS IN THE TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Byvaltsev Vadim , Stepanov Ivan , Shameeva M. , Tetyushkin N.
Published: November 2020

The purpose - was to perform a meta-analysis based on the results of randomized controlled trials that examined the efficacy and safety of using anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)) drugs as an auxiliary treatment for patients with glioblastoma (GBM).
Material and methods. A search for randomized controlled trials was conducted in the Pubmed, EMBASE, eLibrary and Cohrane Library databases published from January 2008 to March 2019, which examined the efficacy and safety of using anti-VEGF agents as an auxiliary method of treating GBM patients. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to calculate the overall survival and progression-free survival values.
Results. According to the eligibility criteria, 9 randomized controlled trials included in this meta-analysis that examine the results of using anti-VEGF drugs in 3189 patients with GBM. The overall survival rates of patients with GBM using anti-VEGF therapy exceed those in the group of patients with standard therapy without statistically significant differences (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.76, 1.04, p=0.13). Significant differences in progression-free survival were noted in favor of anti-VEGF agents (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.82, p<0.00001). The performed subgroup analysis showed the absence of a statistically significant effect of bevacizumab on the overall survival rates of patients with GBM (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.06, p=0.20). Using a combination of bevacizumab and standard therapy can significantly improve the progression-free survival rates in patients with GBM (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.78, p<0.0001).
Conclusion. The performed meta-analysis clearly demonstrated that the combination of anti-VEGF agents and standard therapy does not significantly increase the overall survival rate of patients with GBM. However, the use of anti-VEGF drugs statistically significantly improves the values of progression-free survival in patients with GBM.
SPORADIC AND HEREDITARY FORMS OF MULTIPLE PRIMARY MALIGNANT TUMORS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Malakhova Alina , Kazubskaya Tatyana , Kozlova V. , Kondrateva Tatyana , Trofimov Yevgeniy , Belysheva Tatyana , Alekseeva Yekaterina , Strelnikov Vladimir , Ushakova Tatyana , Valiev Timur , Rubanskaya M. , Mikhaylova Svetlana , Babiy Ye.
Published: November 2020

The article presents the features of the clinical manifestation of multiple primary sporadic and heritable malignant tumors in 104 children who observed at Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Research Institute of «NN Blokhin's National Medical Research Center of Oncology» from 1998 to 2012. The age of patients at the time of occurrence of the second malignant tumor ranged from 2.8 to 28 years and averaged 15.6 years. The second neoplasia occurred significantly more frequently in the group of primary hemoblastosis, compared with the group of solid tumors - 8.7% versus 3.4%, respectively (p <0.0001). In children with multiple primaries, were found tumors that occur in common the most frequency. Retinoblastoma patients have an increased risk of developing sarcoma. Patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma have an increased risk of developing leukemia. In surviving children after treatment of the first neoplasia the thyroid, bone tissue and breast have a specific risk for the development of metachronous cancer and are target organs for control. Children with new hematopoietic tumors may be candidates for metachronous development of leukemia and bone tissue tumors. The using methods Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) revealed germinal mutations in 12 children with of multiple primary tumors. The mutations in the TP53, RB1, CHEK2, FANCN/PALB2, MLH1, PMS2 genes identified in patients were associated with hereditary syndromes and an increased risk of developing second tumors, among which: sarcomas, brain tumors, hematopoietic tumors were the most frequent. It was shown that the second tumors can appear at the any age. Children who survived the treatment of the first tumor in later life should be monitored annually. Clinical management of children with multiple primary tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE BRAF-V600E MUTATION WITH THE EXPRESSION OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL, GROWTH FACTORS, COMPONENTS OF THE AKT / M-TOR SIGNALING PATHWAY IN THE TISSUE OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER
Authors: Spirina Lyudmila , Chizhevskaya Svetlana , Kondakova Irina , Choynzonov Yevgeniy
Published: November 2020

One of the initiating mutations in the development of thyroid cancer is BRAF-V600E, which leads to the various signaling cascades activation and changes in the production of transcription and growth factors. It is known that papillary thyroid cancer is characterized by activation of the expression of transcription factors NF-kB and HIF-2a and AKT/m-TOR signaling cascade. However, the relationship of the studied molecular markers in patients with the wild and mutant BRAF gene has not yet been studied.
The aim of the work was to study the expression of transcription factors NF-65B p65 and NF-kB p50, HIF-1a, HIF-2a, growth factors VEGF, CAIX and VEGFR2, components of the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway in patients with thyroid papillary cancer depending on the presence of mutations BRAF-V600E.
Material and methods. It was included 40 patients with papillary thyroid cancer with the stage of the tumor process T1-4N0-2M0. The expression of the indicators was determined by real-time PCR. BRAF-V600E mutation was revealed by allele-specific PCR in real-time.
Results and discussion. It was found that patients with the absence and presence of the BRAF-V600E mutation had similar clinical and morphological parameters of the disease, which was accompanied by a change in the molecular-biological characteristics of the tumor. The presence of the mutant form of the gene in the tumor led to a decrease in the AKT, cRAF, GSK-3P kinases mRNA levels and the overexpression of NF-kB p65, HIF-1 and VEGF.
Conclusion. Patients with papillary thyroid cancer have no differences in the clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease, depending on the status of the BRAF-V600E gene, is characteristic. It was identified biological parameters associated with this somatic mutation. An increase in the mRNA level of growth and transcription factors was observed with a decrease in the activity of the AKT / m-TOR signaling pathway.
THE CREATING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR MODELS TO SOLVE THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF MODERN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Prosekina Yelizaveta , Danilova Anna , Nekhaeva Tatyana , Baldueva Irina
Published: November 2020

A tumor is a multicomponent, spatially difficult organi-zated system, which is characterized by individual characteristics for each patient. In vitro cell model creating that is close in structure and properties to the natural tumor system will promotes to solving such practical and theoretical problems of modern oncology as identifying the biological patterns of tumor growth, the behavior of cells of the immune system, testing potential antitumor drugs, determining the effectiveness of methods chemo-, radio-, photodynamic, targeted and immunotherapy. Such model can be three-dimensional cellular structures - spheroids (tumoroids). The review presents data about the features of three-dimensional cell modeling, the characteristics of existing 3D models and their application in experimental and clinical studies.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF LACTATE AND PHOSPHATE ANIONS TO THE BUFFER PROPERTIES OF TISSUE HOMOGENATES OF BREAST ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: Barsukova Margarita , Khomutova Yekaterina , Khomutov Yevgeniy
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the role of conjugated lactic acid/ lactate anion (LacH/Lac-) and dihydrogenphosphate anion/ hydrogenphosphate anion (H2PO4-/HPO42-) pairs in the formation of the buffer properties of tissue as a factor determining pH. The buffer properties of homogenates of the tissue of adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland and the adjacent tissue were quantitatively characterized by the buffer capacity which was determined by potentiometric titration. The concentrations of acid anions were determined spectrophotometrically. The material was biopsy specimens of mammary gland adenocarcinoma (T1-4, N0-1, M0) and adjacent tissue of 22 patients aged from 33 to 75 years. It was found that the buffer capacity of tumors is in 2.5 times higher than in normal tissue. It was established that for the tumor tissue, the buffer capacity of the LacH/Lac- system is in 3 times higher, and the buffer capacity of the H2PO4-/HPO42-system is in 2.5 times greater than for normal untransformed tissue. Concentrations of lactate anions (1,93 ± 0,50 vs 0,57 ± 0,22; p <0.001) and phosphate anions (2,54 ± 0,39 vs 0,70 ± 0,19; p <0,001) in homogenates of the tumor tissue were significantly higher in tumor tissue in comparison with the adjacent tissue. A strong correlation was found between the concentration of phosphate anions and the buffer capacity for tumor tissue (r = 0,857; p = 0,002) and for adjacent tissue (r = 0,917; p <0,001). The correlation between the concentration of lactate anions and the buffer capacity for tumor tissues can be estimated as average (r = 0,626; p = 0,053), while it is absent for the adjacent tissue (r = 0,494; p = 0,147). The results suggest that the acid-base properties of homogenates of mammary adenocarcinoma tissues are determined by two buffer systems: LacH/Lac- and H2PO4-/HPO42-, while the intracellular acid-base homeostasis of non-transformed tissues is mainly determined by the H2PO4-/HPO42- system.
THE ROLE OF SURGICAL STAGE IN COMBINATION THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Reyes Santyago D. , Khadzhimba Anzhella , Smirnova M. , Maksimov Sergey
Published: November 2020

Objective: to justify the expediency of the surgical stage as a part of the combination treatment for stage IIA-IIIB cervical cancer.
Materials and methods. The study included 343 women with stage IIA-IIIB cervical cancer treated from 2013 to 2016 with mandatory follow-up for at least 2 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 214 patients who received a combination treatment. At the first stage, neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy was performed (remote radiation therapy 5 days a week with radio modification with Cisplatin once a week at a dose of 40 mg/m2). After evaluating the effect, patients were subjected to surgical treatment or continued chemoradiotherapy. The second group (n = 129) received standard combined radiation therapy. Various schemes of combination and complex treatment and standard combined radiation therapy were evaluated using the indices of general and relapse-free survival.
Results. The proposed scheme for the combination therapy for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer showed significantly higher survival rates at all the analyzed stages. For the combined treatment group with complete cytoreduction, the two-year overall and relapse-free survival with stage IIA is 94.1% vs. 82.4%, with IIB 90.8% vs. 80.3%, with IIB 87.5% vs. 75%, with IIB with metastatic lesion of regional lymph nodes 85% vs. 70%. For the second group, two-year overall and relapse-free survival with stage IIA 75% vs. 50%, with IIB 70.9% vs. 56.3%, with IIB 59.1% vs. 40.9%, with IIB with metastatic lesion of regional lymph nodes 62.2% and 40.5%. The advantages of this approach are most clearly seen within patients with metastatic lesions of regional lymph nodes (85% vs. 62% accordingly).
Conclusion. Cytoreductive surgery in combination with the combination therapy allows to achieve a significant increase in overall and relapse-free survival for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer compared with standard treatment programs.
ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES FOR TARGETED CANCER THERAPY
Authors: Korman David
Published: November 2020

Monoclonal antibody (MAB) conjugates with cytostatic agents (ADC) are intended for selective delivery of a cytostatic agent to a tumor cell. Three ADC have been approved for clinical use (gemtuzumab ozogamicin, brentuximab vedotin, trastuzumab-DM1); a few dozens of other ADC are undergoing clinical trials. Several derivatives of natural substances (antibiotics and inhibitors of microtubules) having a high antitumor activity are used as cytostatic agents included in ADC. They are inapplicable in clinical practice as self-sustained drugs due to their considerable toxicity. Of great importance for the implementation of the ADC effect is the character of a linker connecting MAB with a cytostatic agent and ensuring selective intracellular release after ADC internalization. The structure, mechanisms of action, and the results of clinical trials of a number of ADC are considered here as an illustration (by way of example). The development of ADC can help introduce new effective cytostatic agents into clinical practice.
THE PROSPECTS FOR APPLICATION OF LACTOFERRIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER
Authors: Zorina Veronika
Published: November 2020

Annually more than 250 thousand deaths from malignant diseases are registered in Russia and 8 million - in the world. The effectiveness of traditional methods of treatment, as well as of monoclonal antibodies and gene therapy is limited in the case of resistant forms of cancer and hard to reach tumors. Lactoferrin (LF) is a universal protein with anticancer activity and cross-species biocompatibility, which modulates the immune response and the redox/antioxidant system. Due to the ability to interact not only with specific receptors, but also with signaling and endocytosis receptors, TLR on various cell types, LF can overcome tissue barriers. The therapeutic efficacy of lactoferrin, its cleavage products, and synthetic peptides against various types of malignant proliferation was demonstrated with in vivo and in vitro models. The prospects of using LF as an adjuvant before chemotherapy and radiotherapy and as a carrier for gene therapy of cancer were experimentally demonstrated. However, the results of clinical studies are few and require further study.
INFLUENCE OF THE AGE FACTOR AND TUMOR IMMUNOPHENOTYPE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CYTOREDUCTIVE OPERATIONS IN METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Maystrenko Nikolay , Manikhas Georgiy , Sazonov Aleksey , Chirskiy Vadim , Yerokhina Alina
Published: November 2020

Aim of the study. To analyze the effectiveness and safety of cytoreductive interventions in patients with IV stage colorectal cancer in account of the age factor and to assess the effect of the molecular biological properties of the tumor on long-term treatment results. Materials and methods. A comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in patients of various age groups was carried out. The clinical significance of immunohistochemical markers for predicting long-term treatment outcomes has been studied. Results. The most significant risk factors for the development of postoperative complications were identified. The prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers such as the proliferative index of stem cancer cells (ALDH + Ki-67 +) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been established. Conclusion. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular biological properties of the tumor, coupled with an assessment of the functional operability of patients, provides a personalized approach to the choice of surgical tactics in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer, which allows counting on the encouraging results of cytoreductive interventions.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TUMOR-INITIATING STEM CELLS ERADICATION STRATEGY ON THE EXAMPLE OF HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELL LINE U87
Authors: Dolgova Yevgeniya , Potter Yekaterina , Proskurina Anastasiya , Nikolin Valeriy , Popova Nelli , Romanenko Margarita , Netesov Sergey , Taranov Oleg , Yefremov Yaroslav , Zavyalov Yevgeniy , Ostanin Aleksandr , Chernykh Yelena , Bogachev Sergey
Published: November 2020

The effectiveness of the new therapeutic approach aimed at the destruction of the cancer cell community was evaluated on the immortalized human glioblastoma cell line U87. Initially, the reference elements of a new strategy for eradication of tumor-initiating stem cells were characterized. The main points of the strategy were as follows. 1) Evaluation of the TAMRA+ (tumor-initiating stem cells) presence in the population of U87 culture cells. 2) Determination of the reference time points of the DNA interstrand cross-links repair, induced by cross-linking cytostatics mitomycin C. 3) Determination of the day after initiation of therapy when TAMRA+ cells accumulate and are synchronously present in the G1/S sensitive for the treatment phase of the cell cycle. Based on the data obtained, a therapeutic regimen aimed at eradicating TAMRA+ cells (tumor-initiating stem cells) was identified. Treatment of the culture was carried out by cross-linking cytostatic mitomycin C and complex DNA preparation. Transplantation experiments showed that high experimental doses of mitomycin C (20 μg/ml) totally destroy transplantation potential of U87 cells. Diminution of mitomycin C to therapeutic doses (5 μg/ ml) clearly demonstrated effect of complex double-stranded DNA preparation to reducing of U87 tumorigenic potential. These fully confirmed the concept of developed cancer treatment technology.
INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC NEUROGENIC PAIN ON BRAIN NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEMS OF MALE MICE IN DYNAMICS OF MELANOMA GROWTH
Authors: Kit Oleg , Frantsiyants Yelena , Bandovkina Valeriya , Kaplieva Irina , Kotieva Inga , Trepitaki Lidiya , Sidorenko Yuriy
Published: November 2020

Biogenic amines (BA) are known to be involved in the malignant growth, and their levels change in the CNS when exposed to pain; however, the combined effect of chronic pain and cancer on the BA dynamics in the brain has not been studied.
The aim of the study was to evaluate characteristics of BA balance in the brain cortex during melanoma growth with chronic neurogenic pain (CNP).
Material and methods. The study included 64 male C57Bl/6 mice weighing 22-24 g. В16/F10 melanoma was transplanted under the skin of the back to animals of the main group 2 weeks after the sciatic nerve ligation. Mice with melanoma without pain were the comparison group. Levels of BA: adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), histamine, and 5-HIAA were determined by ELISA.
Results. Changes in adrenaline levels were registered in the brain of mice with CNP. The growth of melanoma in males was accompanied by elevated brain levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline and decreased dopamine and serotonin. Similarities in the direction of shifts in the neurotransmitter profile were observed in melanoma development with and without CNP.
Conclusions. The influence of CNP on the neurotransmitter balance in the CNS was probably one of the factors that influenced the course of transplanted B16/F10 melanoma in males of the main group.
Kvėpavimo takų infekcijos gydymo strategija sergant cistine fibroze
Authors: Malakauskas Kęstutis
Published: November 2020

Straipsnyje trumpai aptariami pagrindiniai kvėpavimo takų patogenai sergant cistine fibroze, gydymas antibiotikais apimant infekcijos profilaktiką, ankstyvąją infekcijos eradikaciją, lėtinės infekcijos slopinimą ir infekcinių paūmėjimų gydymą.
Tropinės kvėpavimo takų infekcijos
Authors: Pundziūtė Birutė , Žemaitis Marius
Published: November 2020

Pastaruoju metu daug lietuvių renkasi pažintines keliones į ekonomiškai silpnas Afrikos, Azijos, Pietų bei centrinės Amerikos šalis, kur yra palankios sąlygos gyvuoti įvairiems parazitams ir plisti užkrečiamosioms ligoms. Parsivežtos tropinės infekcijos kliniškai gali pasireikšti po mėnesio ar metų, keliautojui jau sugrįžus namo. Todėl labai svarbu laiku atpažinti ir gydyti „importuotas“ ligas, nes diagnostikos klaidos gali baigtis paciento mirtimi.
Trachejos patologija: skubioji chirurgine pagalba pulmonologijoje
Authors: Rubikas Romaldas
Published: November 2020

Krūtinės (torakalinės) chirurgijos ir pulmonologijos nuolatinė sąveika yra būtina, siekiant užtikrinti visapusišką kvalifikuotą medicinos pagalbą kvėpavimo organų ligomis sergantiems pacientams. Tokio dviejų medicinos disciplinų veiksmingo bendradarbiavimo pavyzdys gali būti skubi pulmonologinė (bronchologinė) ir chirurginė pagalba gydant dažniausiai pasitaikančias trachėjos spindį siaurinančias ligas bei jų komplikacijas. Daugeliu atvejų pulmonologai (bronchologai) pirmieji sutinka tokių ligų ištiktus pacientus, nustato ligos diagnozę ir pradeda gydyti. Skubi (urgentinė) krūtinės chirurgijos intervencija būtina, kai nepakanka (ar iš viso negalima taikyti) pulmonologinių metodų. Šiuo straipsniu siekiama supažindinti su urgentinių chirurginių intervencijų indikacijomis ir galimybėmis ir taip pagerinti pulmonologų, krūtinės chirurgų bei kitų specialybių gydytojų tarpusavio supratimą, diagnostikos ir gydymo veiksmų pereinamumą ir tęstinumą.
Smulkiųjų kvėpavimo takų pokyčių svarba nustatant astmos fenotipus
Authors: Gasiūnienė Edita
Published: November 2020

Smulkiųjų kvėpavimo takų pokyčių svarba astmos patogenezėje plačiai nagrinėjama ir aptariama jau keletą dešimtmečių. Pateiktoje apžvalgoje aptariami turimi duomenys apie smulkiųjų kvėpavimo takų vaidmenį sunkios astmos atveju, dėmesį sutelkiant į astmos fenotipus, būdingus vyresnio amžiaus bei rūkantiems asmenims, kurių atsakas į gydymą esti blogas.
Lėtinės obstrukcinės plaučių ligos gydymas gliukokortikoido ir ilgai veikiančio beta 2 agonisto sudėtiniais preparatais
Authors: Kalinauskaitė Virginija
Published: November 2020

Lėtinė obstrukcinė plaučių liga (LOPL) – tai lėtinė, nuolat progresuojanti, ženkliai pacientų gyvenimo kokybę blo-ginanti plaučių liga. Sulig didėjančiu ligos „stažu“, dažniau pasireiškia ir ligos paūmėjimai, kurie dar labiau sutrikdo paciento būklę ir ligos eigą. Norint to išvengti, reikalingas gydymas, galintis efektyviai retinti ligos paūmėjimus ir kiek įmanoma ilgiau išlaikyti pakankamą plaučių funkciją. Dabar rinkoje gausu vaistų LOPL gydyti, tačiau vidutinio sunkumo ir sunkios LOPL atvejais dažniausiai skiriama fluticasonum/salmeterolum ir budesonidum /formoterolum. PATHOS tyrimu siekta įvertinti šių dviejų preparatų efektyvumą ir saugumą.
Dymista® – naujas vaistas alerginiam rinitui gydyti
Authors: Sakalauskas Raimundas
Published: November 2020

Alerginis rinitas yra labai paplitusi liga, varginanti daugiau nei 500 milijonų pasaulio žmonių ir apie 20–25 proc. Europos populiacijos [1]. Ši liga labai pablogina pacientų gyvenimo kokybę, lemia didžiulius socialinius bei ekono­minius nuostolius [2] bei reikšmingai mažesnį darbin­gumą lyginant su kitomis ligomis, kaip antai: cukriniu diabetu, astma ar depresija [3].
Osteopontinas alerginių ir respiracinių ligų petogenezėje
Authors: Žilinskaitė Laura , Šitkauskienė Brigita
Published: November 2020

Osteopontinas – fosfoglikoproteinas, kurio raiška vyksta įvairiose ląstelėse. Nuo 20 a. 9 dešimtmečio pradėta tyrinėti jo įtaka įvairioms ligoms vystytis. Šio straipsnio tikslas – remiantis mokslo literatūra, aprašyti osteopontino vaidmenį alerginių ir respiracinių ligų patogenezėje. Tyrimai, atlikti su pelėmis ir pacientais, sergančiais šiomis ligomis, rodo, kad osteopontinas aktyvina uždegimo mediatorių sintezę, išsiskyrimą ir veikimą.
New genus of amphicyonid carnivoran (Mammalia, Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France)
Authors: Bonis Louis de
Published: November 2020

An isolated mandible of Carnivora (Mammalia) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France) is described as a new genus. It is compared with the amphicyonid genus Cynodictis, some primitive North American amphicyonids, and with European and North American Eocene carnivoraforms. I conclude that it is a primitive amphicyonid which may be dated to the middle or late Eocene.
Administrative procedure for provision of public services on state registration of property rights on real estate: stages and contents
Authors: MARTYNIUK Nataliia
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the coverage of the category of administrative procedure for the provision of public services for state registration of real rights to immovable property. The categories «stage», «administrative procedure for the provision of public services» and «stages of the administrative procedure for the provision of public services» are compared. A description of the stages of the procedure for providing public services for state registration of real property rights is given.
It is emphasized that the administrative procedure for state registration of real property rights has consisted of the following stages: 1) submission of applications and documents to it includes actions such as acceptance and verification of documents submitted for state registration of rights and encumbrances; application registration, etc.; 2) consideration of the case or investigation of all circumstances related to the provision of public service; 3) making a decision on the provision of public service for state registration of real rights to immovable property; 4) making entries in the state register of rights to provide public services for state registration of real rights to immovable property; 5) issuance of documents for the provision of public services for state registration of real rights to immovable property.
Attention is drawn to the fact that the main tasks of the stage of acceptance and verification of documents for public services submitted for state registration of rights and their encumbrances stage are: verification of documents on payment of administrative fees for public services and extraction from the State Register of Rights; acceptance of applications and documents required for state registration of rights; registration of the application in the database on registration of applications and inquiries; verification of documents for compliance with general requirements.
Perilaku Keuangan Pada Pelaku UMKM Kelurahan Cinere Depok
Authors: Harahap Yosua Triawan , Aziz Alfida , Cahyani Dewi
Published: November 2020

This research is a quantitative study aimed at knowing the financial literacy, financial attitude, and locus aof control to the financial behavior of SMES in Cinere village. This research uses the SME actors in Cinere village as a population of 30 MSMES. The sample collection is done using a saturated sample means all populations as a sample, so selected 30 respondents from a registered population. Data collected by spreading questionnaires. Data analysis testing is a validity test and reusability test as well as hypothesized analysis in this study using the analysis of PLS (Partial Least Square) with the program smartPLS version 3.0 and a signification rate of 5% (0.05). The results of this study indicated that (1) Financial literacy has no significant effect on financial behavior, (2) Financial attitudes have significant effect on financial behavior, (3) Locus of control significant effect on financial behavior.

 

Keywords: financial literacy, financial attitude, Locus of Control, Financial behavior
Determinan Nilai Perusahaan Pada Subsektor Makanan Dan Minuman Periode 2016-2018
Authors: Glory Jessica Bintang , Yetty Fitri , Triwahyuningtyas Nunuk
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of capital structure with the calculation of Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Profitability with the proxy of Return On Equity (ROE) and Company Size with the proxy of Size calculations on the company's value with the calculation of Price Book Value (PBV) of the company's food and beverage subsectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used is secondary data with a sample collection method using purposive sampling. Where the population of this study used is the food and beverage subsectors company listed on the Indonesia Stock exchange with a period of observation 2016 – 2018, with the final samples of research 12 companies selected. Data analysis techniques are conducted using descriptive statistics and data regression analysis panels with the help of E-Views version 10 and Microsoft Excel applications 2013. The results of the research are partially known that the company structure (DER) affects on the company's value (PBV), profitability (ROE) affects the company’s value and the Company Size has no effects to the company's value. As well as independent variables explain the dependent variable by 91.76%

 

Keywords: Capital Structure, Profitability, Company Size and Company Value
PSYCHROPHILIC STRAIN FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM – PROSPECTS FOR THE USE FOR BIODEGRADATION OF CYANIDES IN INDUSTRIAL CIRCULATING WATERS
Authors: Litovka Yu. , Petrenko S. , Enazarov R.
Published: November 2020

The microbiome of industrial cyanide-containing circulating waters studied using deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene region. Microorganisms are isolated from water, perennial submerged wood and Equisetum fluviatile. Cyanide bio destructors were screened; cultivation conditions of the Fusarium oxysporum strain in a shaker incubator and bioreactor were selected.
SCREENING OF MYCELIAL FUNGI AS POTENTIAL PRODUCERS OF FODDER CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES ON WASTE OIL PRODUCTION
Authors: Kuzmicheva T. , Belsky I.
Published: November 2020

The percentage of substances that make up the husks of sunflower is established. Primary screening of 17 strains of mycelial fungi was carried out on media having only crushed sunflower husk as a carbon source. The strains were selected that at the end of cultivation contained more than 44% crude protein, 15–20 U/g cellulolytic and more than 100 U/g xylanase activity.
The Effect of Public Library Programs on Health Services Utilization: A Health Literacy Perspective
Authors: Racki Elizabeth , Jeong Bok
Published: November 2020

This study examines the roles of public libraries in promoting health literacy at the community level. This study asks: What roles do public libraries play in increasing the public's health literacy? and What effects do library-sponsored programs have on health care services utilization? Multiple regression analyses were conducted on how library-sponsored programs affected the following dependent variables: 1) hospitalizations, and 2) public/private health insurance coverage. By combining multi-stage and purposive sampling methods, this study selected 63 municipal public libraries in New Jersey to investigate their offerings of healthcare literacy-related community programs. The study's findings suggest that library programs are negatively related to the rate of hospitalization and they are positively related to the overall healthcare insurance coverage, although each is not statistically significant. Among the moderating factors, the median household income statistically significantly predicts the likelihood of obtaining health insurance coverage.
Prawo naturalne jako droga do poznania Boga w twórczości Réginalda Garrigou-Lagrange’a
Authors: Mandrela Anna
Published: November 2020

Artykuł przedstawia poglądy francuskiego neotomisty, Reginalda Garrigou-Lagrange’a, dotyczące prawa naturalnego. Chociaż Garrigou-Lagrange nie poświęcił temu zagadnieniu żadnego większego dzieła, to w jego publikacjach dotyczących Boga pojawia się temat prawa naturalnego. Myśl Garrigou-Lagrange’a dotycząca prawa naturalnego została porównane z poglądami innych neotomistów.
Prawo naturalne w ujęciu św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Authors: Andrzejuk Artur
Published: November 2020

Św. Tomasz z Akwinu koncepcję prawa naturalnego i naturalnych uprawnień wbudowuje w swoją naukę o moralności rozumianą jako filozoficzna teoria postępowania. Starannie odróżnia płaszczyzny występujące w tej nauce (antropologia, etyka, prawo, teologia moralna). Wszystkie one zaś mają ugruntowanie w teorii samej rzeczywistości (filozofii pierwszej, filozofii bytu, metafizyce). Z tej pozycji Akwinata wyraźnie podkreśla prymat sprawiedliwości, rozumianej jako wola przestrzegania naturalnych uprawnień bytów („chcieć oddać każdemu, co mu się należy”), przed prawem, rozumianym jako unormowanie przez człowieka tych uprawnień. Tak też w istocie Tomasz rozumie prawo: jest ono albo odczytaniem przez rozum ludzki struktury rzeczywistości w aspekcie normatywnym (prawo naturalne), albo ukonkretnieniem norm prawa naturalnego w odniesieniu do „tu i teraz” (prawo stanowione), albo normami objawionymi przez Boga, do których rozum ludzki w swym naturalnym działaniu nie dosięga, a które są niezbędne w osiągnięciu zbawienia (prawo Boże).

W interpretacjach tekstów Tomasza najwięcej nieporozumień budzi odróżnienie ius od lex. Na potrzeby tego opracowania przyjęto, że ius jest tym, co sprawiedliwe, czyli co się słusznie należy, skoro dla Akwinaty ius jest przedmiotem iustitia – sprawiedliwości. Dlatego zdecydowano się na termin „uprawnienie”. To pozwoliło uznać lex za „prawo” i uniknąć zawężającego tłumaczenia tego terminu jako „ustawa”. Wynikające z tego rozumienie relacji prawa i uprawnień dobitnie podkreśla prymat moralności nad prawem, szczególnie zaś prawem pozytywnym. To ostatnie w doktrynie św. Tomasza jest wyłącznie uszczegóławiającą interpretacją prawa naturalnego. Wymienia on ponadto cztery konieczne warunki prawa: rozumność, dobro wspólne ogółu, kompetencję prawodawcy i promulgację. Prawo naturalne spełnia według Akwinaty te warunki, natomiast bez spełnienia któregokolwiek z nich nie ma prawa pozytywnego.
Wpływ tradycji liberalnej i chrześcijańskiej na powstanie Powszechnej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka oraz współczesne rozumienie praw człowieka
Authors: Rowiński Tomasz
Published: November 2020

Studium opisuje przemiany koncepcji prawa naturalnego oraz ich wpływ na ukształtowanie się Powszechnej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka. Szczególnie uwzględnia wpływ ewolucji pojmowania aktywności politycznej w Kościele katolickim, który dokonał się za sprawą oddziaływania myśli Jacquesa Maritaina na prace nad tekstem Konwencji, a także sposób kształtowania się liberalno-oświeceniowego ujęcia prawa naturalnego. Studium stara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, dlaczego tradycja liberalno-oświeceniowa odrzuciła koncepcję prawa naturalnego, a także całkowicie odmiennie od stanowiska np. Kościoła katolickiego interpretuje prawa człowieka.
A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PROFICIÊNCIA LÚDICA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO AUTISMO
Authors: Vieira dos Santos Rúdia
Published: November 2020

A proposta do artigo consiste em dialogar sobre a temática da proficiência do lúdico na formação acadêmica do professor, de modo  ue, contribua para o desenvolvimento do aluno com transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA). Tornar-se significativo fundamentar  s  onhecimentos sobre o lúdico na formação do futuro professor, pelo fato de acarretar saberes pertinentes para articular aos  esafios enfrentados pelos professores em seu cotidiano escolar, tais como: a prática pedagógica, a política e o social da  scolarização  os autistas. Sendo capaz de considerar o lúdico uma barreira às práticas pedagógicas aos que se baseiam numa teoria  lássica, onde se pode notar claramente que as estratégias metodológicas clássicas é que são limitadas. Uma das missões da  nstituição de ensino superior consiste em oferecer condições propícias para desenvolver habilidades, competências e qualificar o  rofissional para o pleno exercício de suas funções educativas. Os saberes provenientes da formação inicial proporcionam a base  ara  iferenciar as teorias metodológicas, sendo que, a construção deste conhecimento é relevante para o campo de atuação dos futuros  ocentes. Esta obra tem como objetivo elucidar a importância do lúdico para a formação do professor cuja contribuição consiste na  rática lúdica um recurso pedagógico facilitador para o amplo desenvolvimento do educando autista.
An Increase in Small-planet Occurrence with Metallicity for Late-type Dwarf Stars in the Kepler Field and Its Implications for Planet Formation
Authors: Lu Cicero X. , Schlaufman Kevin C. , Cheng 程 Sihao 思浩
Published: November 2020

While it is well-established that giant-planet occurrence rises rapidly with host star metallicity, it is not yet clear if small-planet occurrence around late-type dwarf stars depends on host star metallicity. Using the Kepler Data Release 25 planet candidate list and its completeness data products, we explore planet occurrence as a function of metallicity in the Kepler field’s late-type dwarf stellar population. We find that planet occurrence increases with metallicity for all planet radii R
p down to at least R
p ≈ 2 R
⊕, and that in the range 2 R
⊕ ≲ R
p ≲ 5 R
⊕, planet occurrence scales linearly with metallicity Z. Extrapolating our results, we predict that short-period planets with R
p ≲ 2 R
⊕ should be rare around early-M dwarf stars with [M/H] ≲ −0.5 or late-M dwarf stars with [M/H] ≲ +0.0. This dependence of planet occurrence on metallicity observed in the Kepler field emphasizes the need to control for metallicity in estimates of planet occurrence for late-type dwarf stars like those targeted by Kepler’s K2 extension and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. We confirm the theoretical expectation that the small-planet occurrence–host star metallicity relation is stronger for low-mass stars than for solar-type stars. We establish that the expected solid mass in planets around late-type dwarfs in the Kepler field is comparable to the total amount of planet-making solids in their protoplanetary disks. We argue that this high efficiency of planet formation favors planetesimal accretion over pebble accretion as the origin of the small planets observed by Kepler around late-type dwarf stars.
The Origin of Systems of Tightly Packed Inner Planets with Misaligned, Ultra-short-period Companions
Authors: Becker J. , Batygin K. , Fabrycky D. , Adams F. C. , Li G. , Vanderburg A. , Rodriguez J. E.
Published: November 2020

Ultra-short-period planets provide a window into the inner edge of the parameter space occupied by planetary orbits. In one particularly intriguing class of multiplanet systems, the ultra-short-period planet is flanked by short-period companions, and the outer planets occupy a discernibly distinct dynamical state. In the observational database, this phenomenon is represented by a small number of stars hosting systems of tightly packed coplanar planets as well as an ultra-short-period planet, whose orbit is misaligned relative to the mutual plane of the former. In this work, we explore two different mechanisms that can produce an ultra-short-period planet that is misaligned with the rest of its compact planetary system: natural decoupling between the inner and outer system via the stellar quadrupole moment, and decoupling forced by an external companion with finely tuned orbital parameters. These two processes operate with different timescales, and can thus occur simultaneously. In this work, we use the K2-266 system as an illustrative example to elucidate the dynamics of these two processes, and highlight the types of constraints that may arise regarding the dynamical histories of systems hosting ultra-short-period planets.
A 3D Parametric Martian Bow Shock Model with the Effects of Mach Number, Dynamic Pressure, and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field
Authors: Wang M. , Xie L. , Lee L. C. , Xu X. J. , Kabin K. , Lu J. Y. , Wang J. , Li L.
Published: November 2020

Using global MHD simulations, we construct a 3D parametric Martian bow shock model that employs a generalized conic section function defined by seven parameters. Effects of the solar wind dynamic pressure (P

d
), the magnetosonic Mach number (M
MS), and the intensity and the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on the seven parameters are examined based on 250 simulation cases. These 250 cases have a P

d
range of 0.36–9.0 nPa (the solar wind number density varying from 3.5 to 12 cm−3 and the solar wind speed varying from 250 to 670 km s−1), an M
MS range of 2.8–7.9, and an IMF strength range from zero to 10 nT. The results from our parametric model show several things. (1) The size of the Martian bow shock is dominated by P

d
. When P

d
increases, the bow shock moves closer to Mars, and the flaring of the bow shock decreases. (2) The M
MS has a similar effect on the bow shock as P

d
but with different coefficients. (3) The effects of IMF components on the bow shock position are associated with the draping and pileup of the IMF around the Martian ionosphere; hence, we find that both the subsolar standoff distance and the flaring angle of the bow shock increase with the field strength of the IMF components that are perpendicular to the solar wind flow direction (B

Y
and B

Z
in the MSO coordinate system). The parallel IMF component (B

X
) has little effect on the subsolar standoff distance but affects the flaring angle. (4) The cross section of the bow shock is elongated in the direction perpendicular to the IMF on the Y–Z plane, and the elongation degree is enhanced with increasing intensities of B

Y
and B

Z
. The north–south (dawn–dusk) asymmetry is controlled by the cone angle when the IMF is on the X–Z (X–Y) plane. These results show a good agreement with the previous empirical and theoretical models. The current parametric model is obtained under solar maximum conditions with the strongest Martian crustal magnetic field located at the subsolar point. In fact, the bow shock shape can also be affected by both the solar extreme ultraviolet radiation and the orientation of crustal magnetic anomalies to the Sun, which should be considered in future models.
Effets du changement climatique sur la pauvreté et les inégalités en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Mouleye Issoufou Soumaïla , Diaw Adama , Hamadou Daouda Youssoufou
Published: November 2020

Cet article analyse les effets du changement climatique sur le niveau de pauvreté et d’inégalité en Afrique subsaharienne. Pour se faire, un modèle paramétrique et semi-paramétrique d’un système triangulaire a été appliqué aux données de panels de 20 pays d’Afrique subsaharienne couvrant la période allant de 2000 à 2016. La procédure « Generalised Joint Regression Modelling (GJRM) » a été utilisée pour estimer le modèle. Les résultats montrent que si la variabilité climatique (hausse de température et baisse de la pluviométrie) induit des rendements agricoles faibles, leurs effets sur la pauvreté et les inégalités se présentent sous la forme de relation non linéaire. Les chocs climatiques n’affectent négativement et significativement que le rendement du sorgho au seuil de pauvreté de 3,20 $, alors que leurs effets sont positifs et significatifs sur les prix des céréales (mil, maïs, sorgho). Il s’ensuit qu’au regard des impacts du changement climatique sur le bien-être, les gouvernements africains devraient intégrer la dimension climatique dans les programmes et politiques de réduction de la pauvreté et des inégalités. Codes JEL: Q54, Q58, C14.