bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based Guidelines on the Use of Virtual Surgical Education Pertaining to the Domains of Cognition and Curriculum, Psychomotor Skills Training, and Faculty Development and Mentorship
Authors: Park Keon Min , Rashidian Nikdokht , Anderson Chelsie , Brian Riley , Calthorpe Lucia M. , Gee Denise , Hernandez Sophia , Lau James , Nepomnayshy Dmitry , Patel Nell Maloney , Pei Kevin , Reddy Rishindra M. , Roman Sanziana A. , Scott Daniel J. , Alseidi Adnan
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To identify, categorize, and evaluate the quality of literature, and to provide evidence-based guidelines on virtual surgical education within the cognitive and curricula, psychomotor, and faculty development and mentorship domains.

Summary of Background Data:

During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, utilizing virtual learning modalities is expanding rapidly. Although the innovative methods must be considered to bridge the surgical education gap, a framework is needed to avoid expansion of virtual education without proper supporting evidence in some areas.

Methods:

The Association for Surgical Education formed an ad-hoc research group to evaluate the quality and methodology of the current literature on virtual education and to build evidence-based guidelines by utilizing the SiGN methodology. We identified patient/problem–intervention–comparison–outcome-style questions, conducted systematic literature reviews using PubMed, EMBASE, and Education Resources information Center databases. Then we formulated evidence-based recommendations, assessed the quality of evidence using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Education, and Kirkpatrick ratings, and conducted Delphi consensus to validate the recommendations.

Results:

Eleven patient/problem–intervention–comparison–outcome-style questions were designed by the expert committees. After screening 4723 articles by the review committee, 241 articles met inclusion criteria for full article reviews, and 166 studies were included and categorized into 3 domains: cognition and curricula (n = 92), psychomotor, (n = 119), and faculty development and mentorship (n = 119). Sixteen evidence-based recommendations were formulated and validated by an external expert panel.

Conclusion:

The evidence-based guidelines developed using SiGN methodology, provide a set of recommendations for surgical training societies, training programs, and educators on utilizing virtual surgical education and highlights the area of needs for further investigation.
Defining Surgical Difficulty of Liver Transplantation
Authors: Azoulay Daniel , Salloum Chady , Llado Laura , Ramos Emilio , Lopez-Dominguez Josefina , Cachero Alba , Fabregat Joan , Feray Cyrille , Lim Chetana
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To define technically Diff-LT.

Summary of Background Data:

Currently, there is no acknowledged definition of Diff-LT.

Methods:

This retrospective study included all first consecutive liver-only transplantations performed in 2 centers from 2011 to 2015. Diff-LT was defined as the combination of the number of blood units transfused, cold ischemia time, and duration of operation, all at or above the median value of the entire population. The correlation of Diff-LT with short- (including the comprehensive complication index) and long-term outcomes was assessed. Outcomes were also compared to the 90-day benchmark cutoffs of LT. Predictors of Diff-LT were identified by multivariable analysis, first using only recipient data and then using all recipient, donor, graft, and surgical data.

Results:

The study population included 467 patients. The incidence of Diff- LT was 18.8%. Diff-LT was associated with short-term outcomes, including the comprehensive complication index and mortality, but not with patient or graft long-term survival. Previous abdominal surgery, intensive care unitbound at the time of LT, split graft use, nonstandard arterial reconstruction, and porto-systemic shunt ligation were independent predictors of Diff-LT. The proportion of variables below the corresponding LT 90-day benchmark cutoffs was 8/13 (61.5%) for non-Diff-LT, and 4/13 (30.8%) for Diff-LT.

Conclusions:

Diff-LT, as defined, occurred frequently. Adjusting modifiable variables might decrease the risk of Diff-LT and improve the postoperative course. This definition of Diff-LT might be useful for patient information, comparison between centers and surgeons, and as a metric in future trials.
Inter-Rater Agreement of the Classification of Intraoperative Adverse Events (ClassIntra) in Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Krielen P. , Gawria L. , Stommel M. W. J. , Dell-Kuster S. , Rosenthal R. , ten Broek R. P. G. , van Goor H.
Published: June 2021

Objective and Summary of Background Data:

Adverse events in surgical patients can occur preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively. Universally accepted classification systems are not yet available for intraoperative adverse events (iAEs). ClassIntra has recently been developed and validated as a tool for grading iAEs that occur between skin incision and skin closure irrespective of the origin, that is, surgery, anesthesia, or organizational. The aim of this study is to assess the inter-rater agreement of ClassIntra and assess its predictive value for postoperative complications in elective abdominal surgery.

Methods:

This study is a secondary use of data from the LAParotomy or LAParoscopy and ADhesiolysis (LAPAD) study, with detailed data on incidence and management of intra-operative and post-operative complications. Data were collected in a cohort of elective abdominal surgeries. Two teams graded all recorded events in the LAPAD study according to ClassIntra. Cohen Kappa coefficient was calculated to determine inter-rater agreement. Uni- and multivariable linear regression was used to assess the predictive value of the ClassIntra grades for postoperative complications.

Results:

IAEs were rated in 333 of 755 (44%) surgeries by team 1, and in 324 of 755 (43%) surgeries by team 2. Cohen kappa coefficient for ClassIntra grades was 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.90]. Discrepancies in grading were most frequent for intraoperative bleeding and adhesions' associated injuries. At least 1 postoperative complication was observed in 278 (37%) patients. The risk of a postoperative complications increased with every increase in severity grade of ClassIntra. Intraoperative hypotension [mean difference (MD) 23.41, 95% CI 12.93–33.90] and other organ injuries (MD 18.90, 95% CI –4.22 – 42.02) were the strongest predictors for postoperative complications.

Conclusions:

ClassIntra has an almost perfect inter-rater agreement for the classification of iAEs. An increasing grade of ClassIntra was associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications. Discrepancies in grading related to common complications in abdominal procedures mostly consisted of intraoperative bleeding and adhesion-related injuries. Grading of interoperative events in abdominal surgery might further improve by consensus regarding the definitions of a number of frequent events.
Prospective Evaluation of a Tiered Opioid Prescribing Guideline for Inpatient Colorectal Operations
Authors: Meyer David C. , Hill Susanna S. , Pavao Richard , Resnick Adam J. , Purkayastha Ayan , Davids Jennifer S. , Sturrock Paul R. , Maykel Justin A. , Alavi Karim
Published: June 2021

Objective:

This study sought to prospectively validate an institutional prescribing guideline based on previously defined opioid consumption patterns following inpatient colorectal operations.

Background:

In light of the opioid epidemic, reducing excess prescription quantities is key while still tailoring to patient needs.

Methods:

This is a cohort study of elective colorectal operations (colectomies, proctectomies, and ostomy reversals) at a single tertiary care medical center. Opioid prescribing and consumption patterns [quantified as Equianalgesic 5 mg Oxycodone Pills (EOP)] were compared before and after adoption of a tiered opioid prescribing guideline. Tiers were divided based on opioid consumption in the 24 hours before discharge: Tier 1 (0 EOP), Tier 2 (0.1-3 EOP), and Tier 3 (>3 EOP). Our guideline recommended maximum prescriptions of 0 EOP for Tier 1, 12 EOP for Tier 2, and 30 EOP for Tier 3. Results: The study included 100 patients before and 101 after guideline adoption. Demographic and operative characteristics were similar between cohorts. Guideline adherence was 85%. Overall, there was a 41%reduction in mean prescription quantity and 53% reduction in excess pills per prescription. No change in opioid consumption or refill rates was observed.

Conclusions:

Adoption of a tiered opioid prescribing guideline significantly reduced opioid prescription quantity with no change in consumption or refill rates. Standardization of discharge prescriptions based on patient consumption in the 24 hours before discharge may be an important step toward minimizing excess prescribing.
Salibaculum halophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Salibaculum griseiflavum sp. nov., in the family Rhodobacteraceae
Authors: Zhu Ke-Lei , Wang Xiao-Qun , Zhang Tian-Shu , Shang Dan-Dan , Du Zong-Jun
Published: June 2021

Two Gram-stain-negative, moderately halophilic, non-motile, rod-shaped, pale yellow, and aerobic strains, designated WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T, were isolated from a marine solar saltern in Weihai, Shandong Province, PR China. Growth of strain WDS1C4T occurred at 10–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C), with 4–16 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 8 %) and at pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5). Growth of strain WDS4C29T occurred at 10–45 °C (optimum, 40 °C), with 2–18 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 6 %) and at pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5). Q-10 was the sole respiratory quinone of the two strains. The major polar lipids of strains WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The major cellular fatty acid in strains WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T was C18 : 1
 ω7c, and the genomic DNA G+C contents of strains WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T were 67.6 and 63.3 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T were members of the family

Rhodobacteraceae

and showed 94.3 and 95.3 % similarities to their closest relative,

Celeribacter indicus

, respectively. The similarity between WDS1C4T and WDS4C29T was 97.3 %. Differential phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the two isolates from recognized genera showed that the two strains should be classified as representing two novel species in a new genus for which the names Salibaculum halophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. (type species, type strain WDS1C4T=MCCC 1H00179T=KCTC 52542T) and Salibaculum griseiflavum sp. nov. (WDS4C29T=MCCC 1H00175T=KCTC 52541T) are proposed.
Voice of the patient: Emergence of new motor and non-motor symptoms in early Parkinson’s Disease?
Authors: Tosin Michelle H.S. , Simuni Tanya , Stebbins Glenn T. , Cedarbaum Jesse M.
Published: June 2021

Objective

To explore the utility of using patient reported emergence of new symptoms (ES) as an outcome measure during the early phase of the disease.

Methods

We analyzed data from MDS-UPDRS Part IB and Part II from the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy Assessment of Isradipine for PD (STEADY-PD3) study, with at least one annual follow-up over two years. We divided the sample into categories of follow-up visit (between 0 and 12-months, and 13 and 24-months) and the number of ES for each part of the scale between participants who started symptomatic treatment and those who did not (STx-yes/no). We assessed ES differences between participants STx in each follow-up visit using Mann-Whitney U test, and the Kaplan-Meier analyses.

Results

Of 331 participants observed for months 0 to 12, 288 (87%) developed ES, and 182 (55%) started STx. For Part IB, the median number of ES did not significantly differ between the STx groups (Z=-0.86, p = 0.39), while for Part 2, the number of ES was significantly higher for the STx-yes group (Z=-2.38, p=0.02). Of 148 participants who continued to be observed for months 13 to 24, 114 (77%) developed ES, and 62 (42%) started STx. For Part IB, the median number of ES did not significantly differ between the STx groups (Z=-0.33, p = 0.74), while for Part 2, the number of ES was significantly higher for the STx-yes group (Z=-2.25, p=0.02).

Conclusions

Assessing ES among patient-reported experiences of daily living may provide a useful marker for tracking PD progression.
Selective tweeting of COVID-19 articles: Does title or abstract positivity influence dissemination?
Authors: Fabiano Nicholas , Hallgrimson Zachary , Wong Stanley , Salameh Jean-Paul , Kazi Sakib , Unni Rudy R , Treanor Lee , Frank Robert , Prager Ross , McInnes Matthew DF
Published: June 2021

Background

Previous research has shown that articles may be cited more frequently on the basis of title or abstract positivity. Whether a similar selective sharing practice exists on Twitter is not well understood. The objective of this study was to assess if COVID-19 articles with positive titles or abstracts were tweeted more frequently than those with non-positive titles or abstracts.

Methods

COVID-19 related articles published between January 1stand April 14th, 2020 were extracted from the LitCovid database and all articles were screened for eligibility. Titles and abstracts were classified using a list of positive and negative words from a previous study. A negative binomial regression analysis controlling for confounding variables (2018 impact factor, open access status, continent of the corresponding author, and topic) was performed to obtain regression coefficients, with the p values obtained by likelihood ratio testing.

Results

A total of 3752 COVID-19 articles were included. Of the included studies, 44 titles and 112 abstracts were positive; 1 title and 7 abstracts were negative; and 3707 titles and 627 abstracts were neutral. Articles with positive titles had a lower tweet rate relative to articles with non-positive titles, with a regression coefficient of -1.10 (P < .001), while the positivity of the abstract did not impact tweet rate (P = .2218).

Conclusion

COVID-19 articles with non-positive titles are preferentially tweeted, while abstract positivity does not influence tweet rate.
Coordination games in cancer
Authors: Bayer Péter , Gatenby Robert A. , McDonald Patricia H. , Duckett Derek R. , Staňková Kateřina , Brown Joel S.
Published: June 2021

We propose a model of cancer initiation and progression where tumor growth is modulated by an evolutionary coordination game. Evolutionary games of cancer are widely used to model frequency-dependent cell interactions with the most studied games being the Prisoner’s Dilemma and public goods games. Coordination games, by their more obscure and less evocative nature, are left understudied, despite the fact that, as we argue, they offer great potential in understanding and treating cancer. In this paper we present the conditions under which coordination games between cancer cells evolve, we propose aspects of cancer that can be modeled as results of coordination games, and explore the ways through which coordination games of cancer can be exploited for therapy.
Adaptable Automated Interpretation of Rapid Diagnostic Tests Using Few-Shot Learning
Authors: Arumugam Siddarth , Ma Jiawei , Macar Uzay , Han Guangxing , McAulay Kathrine , Ingram Darrell , Ying Alex , Colburn David A. M. , Stanciu Robert , Grys Thomas , Chang Shih-Fu , Sia Samuel K.
Published: June 2021

Point-of-care lateral-flow assays (LFAs) are becomingly increasingly prevalent for diagnosing individual patient disease status and surveying population disease prevalence in a timely, scalable, and cost-effective manner, but a central challenge is to assure correct assay operation and results interpretation as the assays are manually performed in decentralized settings. A smartphone-based software can automate interpretation of an LFA kit, but such algorithms typically require a very large number of images of assays tested with validated specimens, which is challenging to collect for different assay kits, especially for those released during a pandemic. Here, we present an approach – AutoAdapt LFA – that uses few-shot learning, an approach used in other applications such as computer vision and robotics, for accurate and automated interpretation of LFA kits that requires a small number of validated images for training. The approach consists of three components: extraction of membrane and zone areas from an image of the LFA kit, a self-supervised encoder that employs a feature extractor trained with edge-filtered patterns, and few-shot adaptation that enables generalization to new kits using limited validated images. From a base model pre-trained on a commercial LFA kit, we demonstrated the ability of adapted models to interpret results from five new COVID-19 LFA kits (three detecting antigens for diagnosing active infection, and two detecting antibodies for diagnosing past infection). Specifically, using just 10 to 20 images of each new kit, we achieved accuracies of 99% to 100% for each kit. The server-hosted algorithm has an execution time of approximately 4 seconds, which can potentially enable quality assurance and linkage to care for users operating new LFAs in decentralized settings.
The PLETHORA/PIN-FORMED/AUXIN network mediates terminal prehaustorium formation in the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica
Authors: Xiao Ting Ting , Kirschner Gwendolyn K. , Kountche Boubacar A. , Jamil Muhammad , Maria Savina , Lube Vinicius , Mironova Victoria , al Babili Salim , Blilou Ikram
Published: June 2021

The parasitic plant Striga hermonthica invades the host root through the formation of a haustorium and has detrimental impacts on cereal crops. The haustorium is derived directly from the differentiation of the Striga radicle. Currently, how Striga root cell lineages are patterned and the molecular mechanisms leading to radicle differentiation shortly after germination remain unclear. In this study, we determined the developmental-morphodynamic programs that regulate terminal haustorium formation in S. hermonthica at spatiotemporal and cellular resolutions. We showed that in S. hermonthica roots, meristematic cells first undergo multiplanar divisions, which decrease during growth and correlate with reduced expression of the stem cell regulator PLETHORA1. We also found that PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins undergo a shift in polarity. Using the layout of the root structure and the polarity of outer-membrane PIN proteins, we constructed a mathematical model of auxin transport that explains the auxin distribution patterns observed during S. hermonthica root growth. Our results reveal a fundamental molecular and cellular framework governing the switch of S. hermonthica roots from the vegetative to the invasive state by inducing meristem differentiation through auxin excretion to the environment and explain how asymmetric PIN polarity controls auxin distribution to maintain meristem activity and sustain root growth.
Dynamically expressed ELAV is required for learning and memory in bees
Authors: Ustaoglu Pinar , Gill Jatinder Kaur , Doubovetzky Nicolas , Haussmann Irmgard U. , Devaud Jean-Marc , Soller Matthias
Published: June 2021

Changes in gene expression are a hallmark of learning and memory consolidation. Little is known about how alternative mRNA processing, particularly abundant in neuron-specific genes, contributes to these processes. Prototype RNA binding proteins of the neuronally expressed ELAV/Hu family are candidates for roles in learning and memory, but their capacity to cross-regulate and take over each other’s functions complicate substantiation of such links. Therefore, we focused on honey bees, which have only a single elav family gene. We find that honey bee elav contains a microexon, which is evolutionary conserved between invertebrates and humans. RNAi knockdown of elav demonstrates that ELAV is required for learning and memory in bees. Indicative of a role as immediate early gene, ELAV is dynamically expressed with altered alternative splicing and subcellular localization in mushroom bodies, but not in other brain parts. Expression and alternative splicing of elav change during memory consolidation illustrating an alternative mRNA processing program as part of a local gene expression response underlying memory formation. Although the honey bee genome encodes only a single elav gene, functional diversification is achieved by alternative splicing.
Yeast cells under glucose-limitation environment need increased response cost for osmostress defense
Authors: Shen Wenting , Gao Ziqing , Chen Kaiyue , Ouyang Qi , Luo Chunxiong
Published: June 2021

Cells always make responses to environmental changes, involving dynamic expression of tens to hundreds of proteins. This response system may demand substantial cost and thus affect cell growth. Here, we studied the cell’s responses to osmostress under glucose-limitation environments. Through analyzed thirteen osmotic-downstream proteins and two related transcription factors, we found that the cells required stronger responses under low glucose concentrations than normal glucose condition after being stimulated by osmostress, even the cell growth rate was unchanged in these two constant conditions. We proposed and verified that under a glucose-limitation environment, the glycolysis intermediates were limited (defense reserve saving), which caused that cells needed more glycerol production enzymes to adapt to the osmostress. Further experiments proved that this ‘defense reserve-saving’ strategy required cells to spend more response cost when facing stress, which on the other hand, enhanced the fitness for the coming environment variations via protein accumulation reserve.
Multivariate genome-wide association study on tissue-sensitive diffusion metrics identifies key molecular pathways for axonal growth, synaptogenesis, and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation
Authors: Fan Chun Chieh , Loughnan Robert , Makowski Carolina , Pecheva Diliana , Chen Chi-Hua , Hagler Donald J. , Thompson Wesley K. , Parker Nadine , van der Meer Dennis , Frei Oleksandr , Andreassen Ole A. , Dale Anders M.
Published: June 2021

The molecular determinants of tissue composition of the human brain remain largely unknown. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on this topic have had limited success due to methodological constraints. Here, we apply advanced whole-brain analyses on multi-shell diffusion imaging data and multivariate GWAS to two large scale imaging genetic datasets (UK Biobank and the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study) to identify and validate genetic association signals. We discovered 503 unique genetic loci that have impact on multiple regions of human brain. Among them, more than 79% were validated in either of two large-scale independent imaging datasets. Key molecular pathways involved in axonal growth, astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation, and synaptogenesis during development were found to significantly impact the measured variations in tissue-specific imaging features. Our results shed new light on the biological determinants of brain tissue composition and their potential overlap with the genetic basis of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Protein Kinase Cγ Mutations Drive Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 14 by Impairing Autoinhibition
Authors: Pilo Caila A. , Baffi Timothy R. , Kornev Alexandr P. , Kunkel Maya T. , Malfavon Mario , Chen Dong-Hui , Huang Liang-Chin , Longman Cheryl , Kannan Natarajan , Raskind Wendy , Gonzalez David J. , Taylor Susan S. , Gorrie George , Newton Alexandra C.
Published: June 2021

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by germline variants in the diacylglycerol (DG)/Ca2+-regulated protein kinase C gamma (PKCγ), leading to Purkinje cell degeneration and progressive cerebellar dysfunction. The majority of the approximately 50 identified variants cluster to the DG-sensing C1 domains. Here, we use a FRET- based activity reporter to show that ataxia-associated PKCγ mutations enhance basal activity by compromising autoinhibition. Although impaired autoinhibition generally leads to PKC degradation, the C1 domain mutations protect PKCγ from phorbol ester-induced downregulation. Furthermore, it is the degree of disrupted autoinhibition, not changes in the amplitude of agonist- stimulated activity, that correlate with disease severity. This enhanced basal signaling rewires the brain phosphoproteome, as assessed by phosphoproteomic analysis of cerebella from mice expressing a human PKCγ transgene harboring a SCA14 C1 domain mutation, H101Y. Validating that the pathology arises from disrupted autoinhibition, we show that the degree of impaired autoinhibition correlates inversely with age of disease onset in patients: mutations that cause high basal activity are associated with early onset, whereas those that only modestly increase basal activity, including a previously undescribed variant, D115Y, are associated with later onset. Molecular modeling indicates that almost all SCA14 variants that are not in the C1 domains are at interfaces with the C1B domain, and bioinformatics analysis reveals that variants in the C1B domain are under-represented in cancer. Thus, clustering of SCA14 variants to the C1B domain provides a unique mechanism to enhance PKCγ basal activity while protecting the enzyme from downregulation, deregulating the cerebellar phosphoproteome.

One Sentence Summary

SCA14 driver mutations in PKCγ impair autoinhibition, with defect correlating inversely with age of disease onset.
Analysis of rhizosphere bacterial diversity of Angelica dahurica var. formosana based on different experimental sites and varieties (strains)
Authors: Jiang Meiyan , Yao Fei , Yang Yunshu , Zhou Yang , Hou Kai , Chen Yinyin , Feng Dongju , Wu Wei
Published: June 2021

Only with good producing areas and good germplasm can good medicinal materials be produced. In this study, in order to explore the effects of soil environment and germplasm on yield and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana from microorganism level, Illumina MiSeq was used to study the rhizosphere bacterial diversity of A. dahurica var. formosana based on different origin and varieties (strains). The results showed that the bacterial community of A. dahurica var. formosana was stable and conserved to a certain extent, and the bacteria of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes might play an important role in improving the yield and quality of A. dahurica var. formosana. Soil variables were the key factors affecting the rhizosphere bacterial community composition of A. dahurica var. formosana. These results are of great significance for further understanding the growth promotion mechanism of beneficial rhizosphere bacteria, reducing fertilizer application, expanding planting area, improving soil environment, and improving yield and quality.

Importance

Rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in plant growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In this study, it was found for the first time that the rhizosphere bacterial community of A. dahurica var. formosana was relatively stable and conserved which could adapt to different environmental changes and resist the interference of external factors to a certain extent, providing a theoretical basis for distant planting and promotion of planting. The bacterial taxa of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes might play an important role in improving the yield and quality of A. dahurica var. formosana. This provided a theoretical basis for the exploitation and utilization of rhizosphere microbial resources of A. dahurica var. formosana to artificially control the soil environment and provided a new idea for increasing yield and quality of A. dahurica var. formosana.
Crystal structure of silver carbonate iodide Ag10(CO3)3I4
Authors: Suzuki Ryoji , Watanabe Yuta , Yamane Hisanori , Kitaura Mamoru , Uchida Kento , Matsushima Yuta
Published: June 2021

The title silver carbonate iodide, Ag10(CO3)3I4, decasilver(I) tris(carbonate) tetraiodide, was recently reported as a precursor of the new superionic conductor Ag17(CO3)3I11. Ag10(CO3)3I4, was prepared by heating a stoichiometric powder mixture of AgI and Ag2CO3 at 430 K. A single-crystal suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis was obtained by slow cooling of a melt with an AgI-rich composition down from 453 K. Ag10(CO3)3I4 exhibits a layered crystal structure packed along [10\overline{1}], in which Ag atoms are intercalated between the layers of hexagonally close-packed I atoms, and CO3 groups. Up to now, Cs3Pb2(CO3)3I is the only other compound containing carbonate groups and iodide ions registered in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database.
Impulsivity traits and the rational cognitive process of entrepreneurship: empirical evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Doan Xuan Hau , Le Trung Thanh , Duong Cong Doanh , Nguyen Thi Phuong Linh , Tran Duc Dung , Tran Thi Phuong Hien
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This study aims to integrate predictions from clinical psychology and UPPS impulsivity with the theory of planned behaviors (TPB) to draw a conceptual framework and test the prediction that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, impulsivity would contribute to the prediction of the reasoned cognitive process of entrepreneurship over and above key predictors from an extended TPB model.

Design/methodology/approach

This study utilized a sample of 2,482 students from 14 universities/institutes in Vietnam; confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test the validity and reliability. Then, regression analysis with PROCESS macro approach (5,000 bootstrap sample and 95% confidence interval) was employed to estimate the association paths and multiple mediators.

Findings

The study reveals that ADHD symptoms and impulsivity substantially contribute to the exploration of an entrepreneurial intention throughout TPB predictors, with those higher in ADHD symptoms and impulsivity having higher intentions to engage in business venturing. Moreover, UPPS impulsiveness might valuably be incorporated with TPB predictors while predicting behaviors that are often examined as the process of rational cognitive strategies business venturing.

Practical implications

This study showed that a start-up business can be seen as a career choice for students who exhibit extensive ADHD symptoms to use their talents effectively, thus contributing to creating value for society and improving personal well-being.

Originality/value

This article stood to make contributions to entrepreneurship literature by investigating the effects of ADHD symptoms, four impulsivity traits on an entrepreneurial intention via three precursors in TPB, including attitude toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.
A scale for measuring organizational risk management maturity in the supply chain
Authors: Dellana Scott , Rowe William J. , Liao Ying
Published: June 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to develop a validated general measure of supply chain risk management maturity (SCRMM) to assess organizational risk management maturity in the context of the supply chain (SC).

Design/methodology/approach

Dimensions and statements measuring SCRMM were developed through a literature review and consultation with experts. The instrument was refined through a pilot study and a full-scale study of 140 SC managers in the USA. A final SCRMM instrument, consisting of 25 statements, was obtained through scale purification, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis of construct validity. Cluster analysis was conducted to characterize the organizational groupings with respect to the instrument dimensions.

Findings

SCRMM was found to be comprised of the three main dimensions of SC Risk Management Orientation, Enterprise Risk Management Integration (ERMI), and SC Risk Collaboration. ERMI was found to be comprised of the three sub-dimensions of SC Risk Mitigation, Improvement of Risk Management Processes, and Organization Internal Risk Management. Cluster analysis revealed three groups characterized according to SCRMM as leaders, followers, and laggards.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are based on a sample in the USA, so the SCRMM scale may not generalize to supply chains in other countries or geographic regions.

Practical implications

The instrument provides a self-assessment and benchmark tool for businesses to advance their SC risk management through different stages of maturity.

Originality/value

This is a pioneering general instrument that treats risk management maturity of the organization in the context of the SC. Participants span many industries and SC positions.
A model for work packages optimization in results-based-finance projects
Authors: Shalaby Amira , Ezeldin A. Samer
Published: June 2021

Purpose

In many developing countries, the sanitation sector constitutes a major part of their strategic plans of reform. Yet with the very limited budget of the public treasury, countries opt to major lending institutions for funds. “Results-Based-Finance” is a new funding mechanism that has proven its efficiency in achieving the necessary reform in sanitation sectors. Due to the complexity of the funding tool, it is crucial to be able to decompose the project into smaller packages to be able to effectively control the project. The objective of this paper is to reach an optimum packaging scheme that enables the project to be successfully managed through better planning and cost control practices.

Design/methodology/approach

With the aid of Unified Modelling Language (UML), an algorithm is developed to map the logic behind the model suggested with detailed illustrations of its different modules. Object-oriented processes and operations are modeled using different diagrams of the language, which automatically generate the optimum packaging combination. The packaging model is then implemented via a number of computer-aided programs. The Microsoft Excel 2019 is used for calculation purposes. Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language is used to make the model user-friendly for non-engineering stakeholders. The Palisade's Decision Tools Suite is used for the optimization process

Findings

The model is validated through a case study of a mega sanitation project located in Egypt. The model output is not only the content of the packages but also a complete managing plan which demonstrates many useful information to the decision-makers and government officials.

Originality/value

The research aim is to provide the construction industry with a tool that makes the packaging process of mega projects funded through the “Results-Based-Finance” mechanism, done in an automated manner. Moreover, the packages are selected in a way to optimize the project cashflow. Having the optimum package size shall ensure better planning and a more accurate cost control. Yet it is a challenging task; especially, when the project cash flow is very sensitive and intolerant to delays like in the “Results-Based-Finance” mechanism.
How social capital affects willingness of farmers to accept low-carbon agricultural technology (LAT)? A case study of Jiangsu, China
Authors: Liu Chunhui , Zheng Huawei
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Low-carbon agricultural technology (LAT) extension is a key strategy for the agricultural sector to address climate change. Social capital, which consists of social networks, trust and norms, can play an active LAT extension role. This paper aims to analyze the mechanism of the role of social capital in the process of LAT extension.

Design/methodology/approach

Questionnaire data from six counties in Jiangsu, China, were used to measure social capital and analyze its effect on LAT extension using logistic regression. Data from 27 interviews were used to analyze the LAT extension experiences and problems.

Findings

LAT is mainly deployed by the government to farmers and distributed among them. In this process, the village officials who form parts of the government’s composition and the villagers play a dual role that facilitates a close link between them and the farmers and ensures LAT integration. However, social norms did not play a significant role in the process.

Practical implications

Farmers’ acceptance of LAT is based solely on the trade-off between local networks’ benefits and trust in local villagers and village officials. LAT-related laws and technical measures, thus are essential to strengthen LAT practices’ authority and incorporate LAT-based agricultural production as the norm of production behavior.

Originality/value

This paper provides an insight into the process and essence of farmers’ acceptance of LAT, which provides theoretical lessons for the LAT extension in China and indeed other developing countries.
Empowering woman through legal reforms-evidence from Saudi Arabian context
Authors: Rizvi Lubna Javed , Hussain Zahid
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This current paper aims to review the literature for two main reasons. First, to outline the propositions of women empowerment in manifesto of “Vision 2030”and how these implementations have added to woman’s success in different facets of the economy. Second, to review the current reforms made to empower woman under Saudi law published in 08/2019 when the Council of Ministers presented numerous revisions to civil and labour laws that increase women’s rights and discourse concerns of travel, employment and finance.

Design/methodology/approach

The investigation is found on both an analysis of the secondary literature including records and information pertaining to the current economic alterations and improvements influencing women.

Findings

Despite the various limitations in Saudi Arabia, many Saudi women are joining the workforce. Nowadays, Saudi female are selecting new professions which were previously unexplored. Study revealed that Saudi females in different organizational framework are equally competent as male in higher ranks, if not slightly higher (Al-Shamrani, 2015). Within this context, Saudi Arabia was labelled as one of the economies with the most progress towards gender equality since 2017 in the World Bank’s Women, Business and The Law 2020 report; the report attributed this advancement to the increases in freedom of movement and economic opportunities for women as a result of the aforementioned reforms.

Originality/value

This paper has reflected on the success of measures by government to empower woman in the thirst to fulfill “Vision 2030” in Saudi Arabian context.
Leading from the middle: how team leaders implement lean success factors
Authors: O. Connor Dara , Cormican Kathryn
Published: June 2021

Purpose

There is compelling evidence that demonstrates that organisations are failing to reap the full benefits of lean initiatives. While much work has been conducted on what factors are critical to the success of lean initiatives, there is a dearth of empirical evidence relating to whether team leaders implement critical success factors (CSFs) in practice. Therefore, this study aims to explore the extent to which functional team leaders implement lean practices focussing on the role of leadership, empowerment and culture.

Design/methodology/approach

The research analysed team leaders in a single-site manufacturing organisation. A state-of-the-art analysis was conducted to isolate relevant themes and an instrument was developed to capture data. Empirical data was collected and analysed from 34 team leaders in engineering, quality and manufacturing.

Findings

The study found that while many good managerial practices to support lean is implemented, there remain significant challenges relating to cultural issues which must be addressed. The findings illuminate a latent gap in commitment and communication from senior management, as well as an underlying discrepancy in time and resource allocation.

Originality/value

The study’s findings provide new knowledge concerning the extent to which CSFs are implemented by functional team leaders in a real-world environment. The enquiry makes a valuable departure from previous research that focusses on leadership at a senior and middle manager level. It bridges the gap between academia and practice and provides tangible and concise results to management on how CSFs relating to leadership, empowerment and culture impact team leaders to drive lean methodologies.
Informal community spaces, mentoring and representation: unpacking factors that influence African American engineering undergraduates
Authors: Tuladhar Anu , Queener Carin , Mondisa Joi-Lynn , Okwudire Chinedum
Published: June 2021

Purpose

In this article, we examine the experiences of African American engineering undergraduate students who participated in two student–faculty mentoring programs. This work provides critical insights about important factors that enhance students' experiences in higher education (e.g. the need for informal community spaces, mentoring and representation).

Design/methodology/approach

Using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, participants were surveyed and interviewed about their experiences in the mentoring programs. Data were analyzed using basic statistical methods and thematic analysis.

Findings

Findings indicate that students prosper in informal community spaces, where representation allows them to build mentoring relationships that are fostered naturally through common identities in a shared space.

Research limitations/implications

Given the intimate size of the program, the sample population was limited.

Practical implications

To benefit student development, mentoring program practices should consider dedicating funding and space for students and faculty of shared racial backgrounds and lived experiences to meet informally.

Originality/value

This work identifies explicit mentoring program factors that support the development of minoritized students in engineering.
Linkage between performance and sustainability initiatives in banking sector–An empirical examination
Authors: Bhaskaran Rajesh Kumar , Sujit K.S. , Mongia Saksham
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This research study examines the impact of social and governance initiatives on financial performance of global banks. The study is significant in the context of massive changes in regulations, government policy, social attitudes and market development attributed to banking sector.

Design/methodology/approach

The source of data for this study was ESG database of Thomson Reuters. The study was based on 472 global banks. The research paper uses two-stage least square model and the study covered the five-year period 2015–2019.

Findings

Banks with high intensity of social and governance-related activities have positive market-based valuation effects. Adequately capitalized banks tend to invest more in social initiatives. Banks' governance initiatives directed toward the use of anti-takeover defensive mechanisms are skeptically perceived by markets. Riskier banks tend to have less investments in social initiatives.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are relevant in the context of expectations from policymakers, consumers and investors with respect to the role which banks ought to play in funding the development of a sustainable economy. The research finding that strong governance and social initiatives by banks are value-enhancing measures is a clear evidence of the significance of ESG initiatives as value-creating mechanisms as perceived by markets.

Originality/value

This study addresses the gap in the research, which examines the role of governance and social initiatives on value creation in the banking sector firms. The study examines the impact of different elements of governance and social initiatives on financial performance of banks.
From managing customers to joint venturing with customers: co-creating service value in the digital age
Authors: Falkenreck Christine , Wagner Ralf
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Until today, scholars claim that the phenomenon of “co-creation” of value in an “interacted” economy and in the context of positive actor-to-actor relationships has not been adequately explored. This study aims to first to identify and separate the accessible values of internet of things (IoT)-based business models for business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-government (B2G) customer groups. It quantifies the drivers to successfully implement disruptive business models.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered from 292 customers in Western Europe. The conceptual framework was tested using partial least square structural equation modeling.

Findings

Managing disruptions in the digital age is closely related to the fact that the existing trust in buyer-seller relationships is not enough to accept IoT projects. A company’s digitalization capabilities, satisfaction with the existing relationship and trust in the IoT credibility of the manufacturer drives the perceived value of IoT-based business models in B2B settings. Contrastingly, in B2G settings, money is less important.

Research limitations/implications

Research refers to one business field, the data set is of European origin only. Findings indicate that the drivers to engage in IoT-related projects differ significantly between the customer groups and therefore require different marketing management strategies. Saving time today is more important to B2G buyers than saving money.

Practical implications

The disparate nature of B2B and B2G buyers indicates that market segmentation and targeted marketing must be considered before joint-venturing in IoT business models. To joint venture supply chain partners co-creating value in the context of IoT-related business models, relationship management should be focused with buyers on the same footing, as active players and co-developers of a personalized experience in digital service projects.

Originality/value

Diverging from established studies focusing on the relationship within a network of actors, this study defines disruptive business models and identifies its drivers in B2B and B2G relationships. This study proposes joint venturing with B2B and B2G customers to overcome the perceived risk of these IoT-related business models. Including customers in platforms and networks may lead to the co-creation of value in joint IoT projects.
Natural disasters and monetary policy: evidence from an augmented Taylor rule
Authors: Apergis Nicholas , Payne James E.
Published: June 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the short-run monetary policy response to five different types of natural disasters (geophysical, meteorological, hydrological, climatological and biological) with respect to developed and developing countries, respectively.

Design/methodology/approach

An augmented Taylor rule monetary policy model is estimated using systems generalized method of moments panel estimation over the period 2000–2018 for a panel of 40 developed and 77 developing countries, respectively.

Findings

In the case of developed countries, the greatest nominal interest rate response originates from geophysical, meteorological, hydrological and climatological disasters, whereas for developing countries the nominal interest rate response is the greatest for geophysical and meteorological disasters. For both developed and developing countries, the results suggest the monetary authorities will pursue expansionary monetary policies in the short-run to lower nominal interest rates; however, the magnitude of the monetary response varies across the type of natural disaster.

Originality/value

First, unlike previous studies, which focused on a specific type of natural disaster, this study examines whether the short-run monetary policy response differs across the type of natural disaster. Second, in relation to previous studies, the analysis encompasses a much larger panel data set to include 117 countries differentiated between developed and developing countries.