bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-vitro antifungal activity of leaf, stem bark and root extracts of Irvingia gabonensis against fungi associated with its seed deterioration
Authors: Gbadamosi I. T. , Obanubi O. T. , Sobowale A. A.
Published: November 2021

Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill seeds are often contaminated in storage by postharvest spoilage fungi. This study investigated the nutritional contents of the seeds, phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity of different parts of the plant as well as their antifungal effects against fungi isolated from the deteriorated seeds. Proximate, mineral and phytochemical analyses were carried out using standard laboratory techniques. The antioxidant activity was against DPPH radicals. Ethanol extracts (100 and 200 mg/ml) of the various parts were screened against the isolates using pour plate method in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. The plates were examined for growth daily for 10 days. Data were statistically analysed. The healthy seeds contained higher protein (13.73%), fat (58.73%) and fibre (2.50%), whereas, higher content of moisture (10.17%) and carbohydrate (15.47%) were observed in the spoilt seeds. The leaf had highest contents of alkaloids (1228.3 mg/100 g), flavonoids (1345.9 mg/100 g), tannins (1345.9 mg/100 g), saponins (578.3 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (2348.3 μg/100 g). The antioxidant activity of the leaf (50.30%) was the highest. Fungi isolated from the deteriorated seeds were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Curvilaria lunata. The leaf was most effective against A. niger, A. flavus and C. lunata whereas the stem bark extract was most effective against A. fumigatus. The F-values were significant for model, treatment, concentration and number of days for the leaf and root. This study confirmed the antifungal activity of extracts of various parts of the plant against isolates implicated in the deterioration of its seeds. The extracts could be used as preservative to enhance the shelf-life and nutritional quality of the seeds.

Keywords: Irvingia gabonensis, Spoilage of seeds, Antifungal activity, Free radical scavengers, Preservatives
Chemical and microbial properties of kiln-smoked catfish in selected locations in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun O. A. , Ojo A. , Kayode R. M. O. , Edem V. E. , Shittu M. O. , Opaleye Z. A. , Olayinka T. N.
Published: November 2021

The use of smoking kiln for drying catfish is on the increase in Nigeria due to its effectiveness in reducing moisture and contamination with toxic compounds during smoking. Chemical properties of kiln-smoked catfish in selected locations in Ilorin metropolis were determined in this study. Kiln-smoked catfish were obtained from four major locations (Oyun, Asa-Dam, Tanke and Agbo-Oba) in Ilorin, Nigeria. The samples were subjected to chemical and polycyclic hydrocarbon content analyses. Dried catfish from all the locations had low moisture and crude fibre contents. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the crude fibre contents of the kiln-smoked catfish. Protein contents ranging from 53.72-56.49% were obtained for the kilnsmoked catfish samples. Fat contents ranged from 9.92-11.77% while the carbohydrate contents ranged from 19.02-23.59%. Potassium was the most abundant mineral in the samples with no traces of lead and cadmium. Agbo-Oba samples contained the highest pyrene (2983.215 ng/ml) and total polycyclic hydrocarbon (PAHs) (3349.090 ng/ml). Data on steroid fractions indicated that 17b-estradiol was significantly greater in quantity than those recorded from other steroid fractions. Microbial analyses of the samples revealed the presence of the following pathogenic organisms: Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio spp, Aspergillus niger, penicilium spp, Trichoderma spp which are harmful to man. The use of smoking kiln method improved the nutrients and reduced PAHs in catfish.

Keywords: Smoking kiln, Catfish, Chemical properties, Polycyclic hydrocarbon, Mineral elements
Komposisi Makrozoobentos di Sungai Desa Tolomato Kecamatan Suwawa Tengah, Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Padja Febiyanti , Polamolo Ade Irma , Kadim Miftahul Khair , Pasisingi Nuralim
Published: November 2021

Sungai Tolomato merupakan sungai kecil yang berada di Desa Tolomato yang terhubung langsung dengan sungai utama yang ada di Provinsi Gorontalo yaitu Sungai Bone. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dan purposive sampling. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrozoobentos di sungai Tolomato. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 1.181 individu yang terbagi dalam 11 famili. Ditemukan makrozoobentos sebanyak 6 ordo (Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Coleoptera, Tricoptera, Plecoptera, Lepidoptera) dan 11 famili (Chironomidae, Ceratopogoninae, Tabanidae, Limoniidae, Athericidae, Baetidae, Caenidae, Elmidae, Hydropsychidae, Perlodidae, Crambidae) dari kelas insekta. Komposisi makrozoobentos yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu dari ordo Diptera sebesar 80%.
Histopatologi Dan Ekspresi TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) Terhadap Kerusakan Hati akibat Invasi Parasit pada Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger brachysoma)
Authors: Lekatompessy Allyes Amarens , Pattipeiluhu Shelly Mieke , Pattiasina Betsy Jane
Published: November 2021

Ikan kembung (Rastrelliger brachysoma) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan pelagis kecil yang hidup di pesisir dan lepas pantai yang sering terinfeksi parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi endoparasit pada ikan dan pengaruh invasi pada jaringan hati ikan melalui teknik imunohistokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat parasit yang menyerang hati ikan, antara lain Contracaecum sp dan Henneguya sp. Gambaran histopatologi jaringan hati menunjukkan beberapa infiltrasi sel, degenerasi sel dan nekrosis. Ekspresi TNF-α yang positif hampir semua jaringan hati ikan terinfeksi dan menyebabkan kerusakan pada ikan secara spesifik.
Peningkatan Kegiatan Dinas Jaga Mesin pada Pengoperasian Mesin Penggerak Utama pada KM. Hasil Melimpah 18
Authors: Nugraha I Made Aditya , Rasdam Rasdam , Rajab Resky Amalia
Published: November 2021

Kegiatan dinas jaga adalah suatu pekerjaan jaga yang dilakukan di kapal atau di pelabuhan untuk menciptakan situasi dan kondisi agar aman dan terkendali selama 24 jam yang dilakukan dengan tujuan urusan pekerjan supaya terciptanya keselamatan dan keamanan saat sedang bertugas. KM. Hasil Melimpah 18 tergolong dalam kapal perikanan yang bertipe khusus hanya untuk menampung muatan ikan dan tidak melaksanakan operasi penangkapan. Dalam upaya pencapaian tujuan dinas jaga yang lebih baik dilakukan suatu kajian terkait evaluasi kegiatan dinas jaga mesin pada pengoperasian mesin penggerak. Dari hasil observasi diperlukan adanya peningkatan kegiatan dinas jaga mesin pada pengoperasian mesin penggerak utama. Hal ini perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan sebelum dan sesudah mesin dioperasikan, dan dinas jaga mesin pada saat mesin beroperasi. Peningkatan kegiatan dinas jaga mesin pada pengoperasian mesin penggerak utama dapat dilakukan dengan adanya beberapa peningkatan dikegiatan persiapan, pengoperasian, dan tugas jaga. Pada kegiatan persiapan diperlukan peningkatan pada ketersediaan peralatan K3, logbook, dan suku cadang sesuai kebutuhan. Pada kegiatan pengoperasian diperlukan peningkatan ketersediaan peralatan K3, alat komuniasi, dan panel listrik. Pada kegiatan tugas jaga diperlukan peningkaktan pada ketersediaan jadwal dinas jaga, jurnal harian mesin, dan alat ukur. Pentingnya pengontrolan secara berkala pada saat mesin sedang beroperasi merupakan tugas dinas jaga. Kerusakan mesin bisa saja terjadi apabila petugas dinas jaga melakukan suatu kelalaian kerja sehingga ini adalah tanggung jawab yang besar.
Potensi Ekstrak Makroalga Watercress sebagai Anti Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila secara in vitro
Authors: A'yunin Qurrota , Dinarti Dinarti , Nurhabibah Nurhabibah , Budianto Budianto
Published: November 2021

Infeksi penyakit menjadi satu masalah yang masih sering timbul pada budidaya ikan patin. Salah satu penyakit yang sering timbul dalam budidaya ikan patin adalah penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) yang dapat menginfeksi kelompok Catfish dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Ekstrak makroalga watercress diduga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen yang menginfeksi ikan patin. Bakteri yang menginfeksi ikan patin dikultur dan didentifaksi secara biokimia. Pengujian ekstrak dilakukan melalui uji daya hambat dengan dosis yang berbeda untuk mengetahui aktifitas ekstrak dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi biokimia, didapatkan bakteri patogen yang menginfeksi ikan patin yaitu Aeromonas hydrophila. Hasil uji daya hambat menunjukkan dosis 70 ppm memiliki respon hambatan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan dosis lainnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak makroalga watercress dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen sehingga natinya dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif obat dalam mengatasi infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan.
FPGA Utilized to Control the Coincidence Logic of Quantum Entangled Pairs (QEP)
Authors: A. Majeed Mohammed Munther , Zukarnain Zuriati Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Control of quantum signals is very robust design technique and very important in quantum signal processing (QSP). It is not easy in experimentation platforms. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is using to control very various range of devices in quantum fields through PCs. FPGA needs to run modules of components to communicate and interfacing with the PC, through decode perform commands to direct control of digital hardware’s. If programmer has a real-time control of the FPGA via USB, it can be possible to evaluate design parameters changes in real-time, without reprogramming the FPGA. That makes the proposed design platforms easier for researchers. This paper discusses experiment of control quantum signals by FPGA to control coincidence logic for Quantum Entangled Pair (QEP), that able to measure polarization correlations relationships between photons of the QEP. This FPGA helps to determine detection events at different detectors which can be attributed to a single photon pair. Also to determine the correlation time between two different beams frequencies is extremely accurate according to the delay between the beams, which is very short.
Simulation Environment for Development of Automated Process Control System in Coal Mining
Authors: Okolnishnikov Victor , Rudometov Sergey , Zhuravlev Sergey
Published: November 2021

This paper describes a visual interactive simulation system of technological processes intended for the development and execution of simulation and emulation models for automated process control systems in coal mining. A set of simulation models of various subsystems of a mine was developed with the help of this simulation system. These models united to create simulation environment. Simulation environment is visually interactive, include emulation models of technological equipment and allow simulating complex situations in mines and working faces. Simulation environment was used for testing of control programs executed in programmable logic controllers.
Passive Fault Tolerant Control of Motorboat System
Authors: Hammi Yosra , Zanzouri Nadia , Ksouri Mekki
Published: November 2021

A hybrid passive control strategy is developed for a class of hybrid systems modeled by Mixed Logical Dynamical (MLD) approach. It allows to model different operating modes of the system and constraints. We proposed using the MPC for control system .The passive controller is used to take in account the actuator failure and the optimization problem is transformed into a mixed-integer quadratic programming problem (MIQP). The considering fault-tolerance capabilities are developed and discussed. The proposed method is illustrated by a motorboat system.
A Linked Data approach to evaluate Open Education Resources
Authors: Taibi Davide , Fulantelli Giovanni , Dietze Stefan , Fetahu Besnik
Published: November 2021

The social environments based on the Web 2.0 paradigm have modified the way people behave on the Web. One of the direct consequences of this change is that the amount of online resources produced and shared by users has increased considerably. Amongst them, it is possible to find materials that can be exploited for educational purposes. For example, YouTube, Flickr, Slideshare, more and more often collect resources that can be used in educational contexts. In this scenario, finding methods to support the evaluation of the educational relevance of online resources is becoming one of the greatest challenges faced by the educational technologists today. In this paper we propose an approach for the evaluation of the relevance of educational resources based on recent advancements of Linked Open Data.
Application of a Group Decision Support System in the Reform of Study Programmes
Authors: Škraba Andrej , Baggia Alenka , Rodič Blaž
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the process and impact of the application of a group decision support system (GDSS) in the reform of post-Bologna graduate and postgraduate study programmes in two higher education institutions in Slovenia. Four experiments with four groups including both students and staff were performed. We have used the GDSS tool TeamWorks to organize, moderate and document meetings intended to develop possible answers to the question "How can we improve the content and execution of the study programmes?" The obtained results are to be used in the design of new study courses. Analysis of the idea gathering process dynamics represents important information for researchers in the field of group decision-making process dynamics. In addition to the experimental work the structure of a group decision support process is described and guidelines for the further development of tools and methodologies are presented.
The Measuring Engagement (ME™) Tool
Authors: Said Normahdiah S. , Suboh Nadiah
Published: November 2021

Studies on human engagement behavior whilst interacting with multimedia environment has now become very important due to the era of convergences of immersive technology in various digital platforms. This paper will describe a system to measure human engagement behavior in NORMA (Natural Observation and Reflection of Multimedia Application) experimental setting. The tool was developed as a Proof of Concept of The NEMD MODEL (Norma™ Engagement Multimedia Design Model) a renamed of An Engaging Multimedia Design Model that could explain the engagement phenomenon that has enticed the use of virtual spaces to complement its physical form. This paper is a description of The Measuring Engagement (ME™) Tool automated system in comparison to a system done manually. The system has proven to be a useful tool to enable us knows more about engagement and the phenomenon surrounding it. Findings could help us know more about engagement that may lead to excessive, immersive and addictive use of innovative technologies.
Dealing with Communication Channels within IEC61499 Component-Based Systems
Authors: Pérez Federico , Calvo Isidro , López Fabian , Etxeberria‐Agiriano Ismael
Published: November 2021

Traditional approaches for developing automation systems consider system itself hardly can be changed. Current challenges in automation applications include the need of autoreconfiguration in response to process changes or event triggering. In order to face these requirements, new automation methodologies are necessary. Component-based technologies, initially defined for achieving efficient, structured and reusable designs can also be used to achieve adaptation. In this work, an IEC 61499-based framework that uses the concept to deal with reconfiguration issues is presented. The final output of the framework is a distributed system IEC61499 compliant. A new concept, the communication channel, is introduced providing a new abstraction layer to deal with communication between components. The joint use of automation components and communication channels allows defining complex automation systems in an easy way.
Appearance of phenotypic plasticity of leaves in psammophyte Corynephorus canescens during flooding
Authors: Nedukha Olena
Published: November 2021

The results of the study of the leaf structure in psammophyte Corynephorus canescens, which grew under controlled conditions and flooding using the methods of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy, are presented. This study revealed common and distinctive signs of morphological and anatomical parameters of C. canescens leaves in the phase of vegetative growth. Among the common features were the shape and size of the leaf laminas, hypostomatic type of the leaf, isolateral structure of the parenchyma, the thick-walled epidermis, and the bilayered hypodermis. Among the distinctive features were the signs of the destruction of cells in the photosynthetic parenchyma, change in their shape with the formation of protuberances at the cells’ poles, and almost doubling area of the aerenchyma in C. canescens leaves under flooding conditions. Scanning electron microscopy showed the similarity of ultrastructure and density of trichomes on the adaxial surface, excepting the formation of cuticular wax structures on the epidermal surface of the leaves in flooded plants. The subcellular localization of silicon inclusions was studied for the first time. The presence of amorphous and small crystalline silicon inclusions in the periclinal walls of the main epidermal cells and amorphous silicon inclusions in leaf trichomes was established. An increase in the relative silicon content along the trichomes in the leaves’ epidermis after flooding was revealed. It was assumed that the phenotypic plasticity of C. canescens, is realized through the increasing area of aerenchyma in leaves and increasing silicon content in trichomes. Such plasticity helps to optimize both the oxygen balance of plants and water balance in flooded plants, thus increasing the species’ resistance to prolonged flooding.
Research Trends in College English Education in Korea －A Topic Analysis Using LDA Topic Modeling
Authors: Park Eunhee
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the research trends of college English education in Korea from 2001 to 2020. The data was collected using a Biblio data collector and a total of 313 papers were analyzed. For research purposes, the data were analyzed using frequency analysis, LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), and time series analysis. The summary of the findings is as follows: In the first instance, the number of research papers regarding college English education has increased significantly in quantity for 20 years. Secondly, in analyzing the topics of the chosen papers, a total of 10 topics in college English education were found. The topics were “curriculum and level-differentiated programs (T1)”, “learners’ affective factors (T2)”, “assesment and learning strategies (T3)”, “teachers’ factors (T4)”, “English vocabulary, grammar and writing (T5)”, “English for specific purposes (T6)”, “teaching and learning methods (T7)”, “web-based learning (T8)”, “learner-centered education (T9)”, and “textbook analysis etc. (T10).” Among these topics, the three that were identified as topics increasing in popularity were “learners’ affective factors (T2)”, “English for specific purposes (T6)”, and “learner-centered education (T9).” The topics increasing in popularity shared one key characteristic: the topics were related to learners’ factors such as the learners’ motivation, the learners’ goals, and the learners’ activities in class. This study is meaningful in that it collected a wide range of data related to college English education in Korea and produced more reliable results by using big data-based LDA topic modeling techniques.
The Direction of Developing Courses and Assessment Tools for Enhancing Creativity Aligned with Critical Thinking
Authors: Min Chun-gi
Published: November 2021

The intellectual activities of creativity and critical thinking are essential in the complex problem-solving process of modern society. This article starts from the position that it is necessary to develop courses and assessment tools that is needed for simultaneously facilitating creativity and critical thinking skills at the same time in universities. The purpose of this paper is to provide a starting point for discussion on the development of creative competency courses and assessment tools required to link creativity and critical thinking skills. In Korea, there are many studies dealing with creativity and critical thinking separately, while in foreign countries, there is an active discussion taking place about the development of courses and assessment tools. To this end, based on the creative competency area set as a core competency in the liberal arts education of a university, the discussion was conducted by citing relevant domestic and foreign materials.
First, in the process of arranging the connection between creativity and critical thinking, the necessity of linking these two skills to solve creative problems was confirmed. Next, the direction of the development of courses that can foster creativity and critical thinking abilities together was explored, focusing on lesson goals, contents, and methods. In order to simultaneously enhance creativity and critical thinking abilities among our students, it is necessary to design an activity-centered curriculum that combines both skills based on the existing creativity education and critical thinking education. Finally, the method of developing an assessment tool that can authentically measure the students’ creativity and critical thinking ability is described mainly using existing tools and in terms of employing technologies. Research on how to integrate previously developed tools for measuring creativity and measuring critical thinking skills should be continued. In particular, it is necessary to prepare a plan to solve technical problems in order to use technology in the course management and development of assessment tools.
Classes for cultivating creativity and critical thinking abilities in our students can be more effective in liberal arts education for the simple reason that lessons within their majors emphasize the acquisition of specialized knowledge. Thus, there is a limit to creative competency education. Since modern and future societies require us to possess the ability to generate creative ideas in abundance in order to solve complex problems, as well as the ability to critically reflect and evaluate ideas and apply them to problem solving, it is urgent to develop courses and assessment tools that can align creativity with critical thinking. Designing effective classes through in-depth discussions on the development of courses and assessment tools remains as a theme for further research.
A Study on the Types of Perceptions Held by Students Regarding the ‘Classics Reading’ Course as Part of the Liberal Arts Education in University －Focusing on ‘Reading Arete Classics’ of K University
Authors: Kim Ji Young , Kim Jong Min
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of perceptions held by students regarding the ‘Reading Arete Classics’ course, which was offered as a liberal arts program at K University. For this purpose, Q methodological analysis was used to study subjectivity among the students, such as individual perception and belief. The Q population was composed based on literature analysis, in-depth interviews, survey materials on Reading Classics, and after expert reviewing the Q sample was composed of 33 statements. 31 students of ‘Reading Arete Classics’ were selected as P samples, and the data were analyzed using the PQ method 2.35 program. The data analysis based on the most positive statements, negative statements and identification items, along with the types of perceptions concerning ‘Reading Arete Classics’, were classified into the three types. Type 1, which was called “discovering the value of classics”, revealed the value of classics and the pleasure of reading books through ‘Reading Arete Classics’. Type 2, called “discovering the pleasure of discussion”, taught the joy of discussion during the discussion process of ‘Reading Arete Classics’. Type 3 called “discovering the value of collaboration” showed the students the fun and the value of engaging in joint activities while making and solving the problems posed by the questions for discussion through team activities. The results of this study will be used as basic data to improve reading classics classes as liberal arts courses.
EXPLOITATION PRODUCTIVE DE L’ENERGIE POUR UN ACCES DURABLE A L’ENERGIE EN MILIEU RURAL AU TOGO
Authors:   Université de Lomé, École Supérieure d’Agronomie, Lomé, Togo, Domegni Kossivi Mawulolo Susuenyiame , Azouma Yaovi Ouézou
Published: November 2021

The objective of this work is to contribute to energy justice in rural areas in Togo by promoting entrepreneurship based on the productive use of energy. To this end, in 2019 we conducted surveys of 650 rural households spread across the five economic regions of Togo. The data were collected with CSPro 6.3 software, cleaned with STATA software and analyzed with Microsoft Office EXCEL 2013 software. Based on the results obtained, three electricity supply scenarios for a rural wet coffee processing company, envisaged in the plateau region, were simulated with the HOMER Pro 3.14.4 software. The results of the surveys show that only 16% of households are connected to the electricity grid and therefore indicate to develop the available energy resources expressed, namely solar (80.9%), biomass (68.9%), water sources (47.1%) and agricultural residues (44.5%). Respondents, 64.77% of whom work in agriculture and breeding, expressed the need for the use of productive electrical equipment. The best-case scenario simulated, a mini-grid supplying the wet coffee processing company and households, revealed a levelized cost of electricity of XOF 394/kWh; lower than the cost of electrification of the company, XOF 814/kWh or that of households, XOF 488/kWh. However, this cost must be further reduced if energy is to be financially accessible to rural populations. To validate this concept, two other rural entrepreneurial initiatives will be simulated in two different agro-ecological zones of Togo
GÊNERO E DESIGUALDADE NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DOS PADRÕES DE TRABALHO ENTRE HOMENS E MULHERES NO BRASIL NO ANO DE 2018
Authors: Maia Maria Clara , Queiroz Arthur Ribeiro
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem por objetivo traçar um panorama dos padrões de l, por setores de atividades, entre homens e mulheres com foco na realidade brasileira. Através da Pesqui- sa Nacional de Amostra de Domicílios de 2018 (PNAD 2018), buscou-se analisar a composição dos setores de atividades por sexo; a diferença de rendimento mensal do trabalho principal entre os setores; a diferença de rendimento mensal por setor de atividade entre os sexos; e avaliar de for- ma integrada a diferença salarial entre os sexos, traçando um panorama recente para as desigualdades entre gênero e trabalho no Brasil. Os dados apresentados refletem a persistência das desigualdades de gênero no que diz respeito ao mercado de trabalho.

Palavras-Chave: Gênero; Trabalho; Desigualdades.
DILEMA DISTRIBUTIVO DAS PETROFEDERAÇÕES: COMO ESCAPAR DA MALDIÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS?
Authors: Natalino Enrique
Published: November 2021

O trabalho se propõe é analisar o problema da Maldição do Petróleo sob a perspectiva dos petro-Estados e das petrofederações, abordando as diversas experiências de Estados que possuem economias voltadas, em maior ou menor grau, à exploração do petróleo, bem como os diversos arranjos institucionais e distributivos existentes. A existência de uma relação entre a instabilidade econômica e política de nações que exportam petróleo e a existência de instituições fracas é um tema estudado pela literatura da Economia Política há várias décadas. Tanto a estruturação do Estado quanto os arranjos políticos distributivos construídos sob a égide de um modelo dependente do petróleo teriam enrijeceriam as possibilidades de escolhas de escolhas desses países, ajudando a explicar as suas trajetórias. Utilizando abordagens neoinstitucionalistas (KARL, 1997; ROSS, 2015), procura-se mostrar como a administração de problemas econômicos nos petro-Estados dependeu de um conjunto de incentivos e regras que balizaram os atores políticos, afetando decisivamente os resultados alcançados. Nesse sentido, o paper buscou analisar o impacto da redistribuição das rendas do petróleo em federações como Brasil, Argentina, México, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Rússia, Índia, Nigéria e Austrália para entender se a maior descentralização ajudaria a combater ou agravaria os problemas advindos da Maldição dos Recursos Naturais. Ao invés de crescimento econômico e distribuição de renda, ao serem mal administrados e distribuídos, os recursos do petróleo levariam a padrões rentistas de comportamento, ao descontrole fiscal, à redução da diversificação econômica, agravando a desigualdade, a corrupção e podendo levar, no limite, a saídas autoritárias e a conflitos armados.

Palavras-chave: Petróleo; Federalismo; Maldição dos Recursos Naturais
KONSTRUKCIONA GRAMATIKA I KOLOSTRUKCIONA ANALIZA https://doi.
Authors: Pavlović Vladan
Published: November 2021

Ova monografija proistekla je iz mog interesovanja za konstrukcione pristupe uopšte i goldbergovsku konstrukcionu gramatiku posebno. To interesovanje podstakla je prof. dr Katarina Rasulić, koja je bila mentor mog magistarskog rada, odbranjenog 2007. godine na Filološkom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu, čiji je deo teorijskih osnova činila upravo goldbergovska konstrukciona gramatika. Datu porodicu teorija u okviru kognitivne lingvistike u užem smislu, a posebno pomenutu goldbergovsku konstrukcionu gramatiku, do danas smatram najsmislenijim pristupom u oblasti proučavanja gramatičko-leksičkog interfejsa. Uz to, ova monografija proizašla je i iz mog interesovanja za kolostrukcionu analizu, na koju mi je pažnju takođe skrenula prof. Rasulić upravo u vreme pisanja magistarskog rada, kada je dati statistički postupak bio tek u povoju, a kada sam i sâm bio vrlo skeptičan po pitanju korišćenja strogih statističkih procedura u lingvističkoj analizi.
RESEARCH ON THE FAUNA OF EARTHWORMS (OLIGOCHAETA, LUMBRICIDAE) IN ĐERDAP NATIONAL PARK
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Sekulić Jovana , Stojanović Mirjana , Trakić Tanja , Popović Filip
Published: November 2021

Đerdap National Park is located in the southeastern part of Europe, in the northeastern part of Serbia, on the border with Romania. This paper presents the currently known records on the diversity of earthworm fauna in Đerdap National Park. The number of species from family Lumbricidae known to be occurring in the studied region is 29 species from 11 genera. The genera with the largest number of the registered taxa are Dendrobaena (8) and Aporrectodea (7). A third of all species are peregrines (37.93%). Trans-Aegean species take part with 13.8%, followed by endemic, Central European, Balkanic-Alpine (10.34%). Then follow Illyric (6.90%) and slightly less Moesian, Circum- Mediterranean, and Southern-Alpine (3.45%). Endemic species take a part with three taxa. Only one species (Allolobophora mehadiensis boscaiui (Pop, 1948)) is Dacian endemic. The obtained results indicate a diverse Lumbricidae fauna. It is certainly necessary to continue with intensive research in order to preserve the biological diversity of this area.
THE MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF BISPEROXOVANADIUM (BPV(PHEN)) ON NEONATAL DRG NEURONS IN CULTURE
Authors:   1 Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade,, Todorovic Natasa , Stojadinovic Gordana , AlJamal Kamal , Zivic Miroslav
Published: November 2021

Unlike the neurons in the CNS, the peripheral neurons have certain intrinsic regenerative capacity. After injury, peripheral neurons can switch to a cellular “state for growth”, with the expression profiles similar to early developmental stages. We looked at the changes of morphometric parameters induced in young peripheral neurons with treatments that in adult neurons have growth-stimulatory effect. The experimental treatments compared to control were: BpV (phen), an inhibitor of PTEN; and bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor. The neurite growth was measured on cultured dissociated dorsal root ganglia neonatal neurons fixed 24h after treatment and immunostained with anti-neurofilament H (NF-H) phosphorylated antibody. FIJI Simple Neurite Tracer was used for morphometry of individual neurons. 24h post treatment, compared to control, total neurite length, length of primary and length of terminal branches, were increased by bFGF but not by BpV treatment. In all measured parameters related to the degree of branching, BpV- treated neurons had small dispersion of values and small mean values, reminiscent of literature data stating that BpV treated neurons are elongated and less branched. However, the BpV did not have a positive influence on neurite elongation, as was reported on adult neurons. In contrast, bFGF stimulated elongation of young neurons in the manner similar to the effects described on the adult neurons.
DNA PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF TWO SPECIES OF THE „SCROPHULARIA“ GENUS 2021ICCBIKG (2021)
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Matić Sanja , Mašković Pavle , Šipovac Katarina
Published: November 2021

Plants from the genus Scrophularia, family Scrophulariaceae have numerous biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antiprotozoal, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic. However, as far as we know, genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of these two plant species remain unexplored. The present study aimed to evaluate possible in vivo protective effects of the methanol extracts of two plant species of the Scrophularia genus, Scrophularia canina L. and S. alata Gilib., against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced DNA damage in albino Wistar rat. A significant increase in total comet score has been shown in animals receiving CCl4 compared with the negative control. Treatment with either S. alata or S. canina extracts reduced CCl4 induced DNA damage as indicated by the percentage of reduction in total comet score with a value above 50%.
THE DAMPENING OF LIPID DROPLET OSCILLATORY MOVEMENT IN NITROGEN STARVED FILAMENTOUS FUNGI BY A LOW DOSE OF MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATION INHIBITOR
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Pajic Tanja , Zivic Miroslav , Rabasovic Mihailo , Krmpot Aleksandar , Todorovic Natasa
Published: November 2021

Lipid droplets (LDs) are small mobile organelles conserved in all eukaryotic cells. We wanted to test if the LD movement can be muffled by an incomplete inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, induced by treating hyphae of filamentous fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus with 0.5 mM sodium azide. Nitrogen starved hyphae were used, in order to obtain LDs in larger sizes and numbers. The data obtained unequivocally showed: 1. Sodium azide treatment dramatically reduces the LD velocity and the distances LDs travel; 2. LDs in both controls and in azide-treated hyphae oscillate in a small confined space instead of travelling through the cell; 3. Azide-treated LDs oscillate less frequently and in smaller confinement than controls.
Uveítes e doenças reumatológicas
Authors: Nascimento Heloisa , Vieira Patrícia Sena Pinheiro de Gouvêa , Yasuta Mariana Kaori
Published: November 2021

O termo uveíte refere-se à inflamação no trato uveal ocular, que envolve íris, corpo ciliar e coroide (Figura 1). As uveítes são classificadas de acordo com o sítio primário de inflamação, início (súbito ou insidioso), duração (limitada ou persistente, quando apresenta duração maior que três meses), curso clínico (agudo, recorrente ou crônico, quando possui duração de mais de três meses ou recidiva em menos de três meses após interrupção do tratamento), uni ou bilateralidade e etiologia.
A classificação anatômica divide as uveítes em anterior, intermediária, posterior e panuveíte. Na uveíte anterior, o sítio primário de inflamação é a câmara anterior, como irites, ciclites (inflamação do corpo ciliar), iridociclites. Na uveíte intermediária, o sítio primário de inflamação é o vítreo (pars planite). Na uveíte posterior, o sítio primário é a coroide e/ou retina (coroidite multifocal, focal ou difusa, retinite, retinocoroidite, neurorretinite e vasculite retiniana). Já nas panuveítes, a inflamação envolve câmara anterior, vítreo, retina e coroide, como, a síndrome de Vogt Koyanagi Harada.
Neste artigo serão estudadas as uveítes mais relacionadas com doenças reumatológicas: uveítes anteriores e vasculites retinianas.
Toxicidade ocular por cloroquina
Authors: Watanabe Sung Eun Song
Published: November 2021

A retinopatia tóxica por cloroquina pode causar perda visual irreversível, e a maioria dos casos é assintomática até o estágio avançado da doença.
Muitos medicamentos sistêmicos apresentam efeito tóxico no olho e na reumatologia a cloroquina se destaca por seu baixo custo, alta eficácia e dificuldade no diagnóstico precoce da toxicidade retiniana.
O difosfato de cloroquina e o sulfato de hidroxicloroquina são derivados da 4-aminoquinolona usados originalmente como antimaláricos e, posteriormente, em outras doenças, como artrite reumatoide, lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e doenças do tecido conectivo. Apesar de descritos para ambos os fármacos, a hidroxicloroquina apresenta menor severidade e risco para toxicidade ocular.
Os efeitos colaterais oculares descritos são depósitos corneal, caratata, neurite, alteração da acomodação, retinopatia e uveíte. Os achados de maior destaque, contudo, são depósitos corneais, por serem os mais frequentes e assintomáticos, e a retinopatia, devido à gravidade e irreversibilidade da perda visual.
Apesar de rara, ainda não há tratamento para a retinopatia tóxica por cloroquina. Assim, os reumatologistas e oftalmologistas devem atuar em conjunto para minimizar o efeito nocivo da medicação.
Meios físicos em reumatologia
Authors: Assis Marcos Renato de
Published: November 2021

O termo meios físicos se refere ao uso de energia eletrotermofotomagnética, aplicada através de recursos diversos, incluindo equipamentos e dispositivos terapêuticos frequentemente empregados em atendimentos de fisioterapia. Há grande quantidade de pesquisa experimental em modelos animais com termoterapia e estimulações elétricas diversas e vários livros texto têm estabelecido contraindicações aos procedimentos – mais por precaução do que por referência a experimentos específicos. No entanto, a popularidade de seu uso supera muito o volume de evidências científicas de qualidade sobre sua efetividade clínica, sendo claro o descompasso entre a prática clínica e as propostas de guias e consensos baseados em revisões sistemáticas e metanálises (1). É muita extensa a lista de opções de meios físicos existentes no mercado, havendo, por exemplo, diversas especificações de tipos de estimulação elétrica, que não cabe aqui esmiuçar. De modo geral, nas clínicas de fisioterapia e reabilitação, os meios físicos comumente disponíveis são a neuroestimulação elétrica transcutânea (TENS), o ultrassom terapêutico (US), a estimulação elétrica funcional (FES), o turbilhão (com água aquecida), e também diatermia por ondas curtas (OC), forno de Bier e parafina. Outros recursos, conceitualmente incluídos como meios físicos, têm se disseminado, mas ainda não são amplamente disponíveis, como terapia por ondas de choque (TOC), estimulação magnética transcraniana (TMS) e plataforma vibratória.
Risco cardiovascular no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico
Authors: Borba Eduardo Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Nos últimos 50 anos observamos uma nítida mudança na evolução do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) em decorrência do diagnóstico precoce e do aprimoramento das modalidades terapêuticas. O resultado natural destes avanços foi uma mudança no padrão de mortalidade e morbidade, com maior frequência de complicações tardias da doença. De fato, o padrão bimodal de mortalidade do LES foi identificado na década dos setenta a partir da observação de que óbitos ocorridos numa fase inicial eram devidos principalmente à atividade de doença e/ou infecção intercorrente, enquanto, numa fase tardia, eram resultantes de doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica, principalmente por infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Com o passar das décadas, cada vez mais ficou evidente o relevante papel da doença coronariana aterosclerótica como causa de mortalidade no lúpus, sendo responsável por 20-30% das mortes em pacientes com lúpus. Estudos em pacientes com LES mostram incidência anual de 1,5% de novo evento coronariano, com prevalência geral de 6-19%. De fato, pacientes com lúpus apresentam risco 5-10 vezes maior de apresentarem novo evento coronariano quando comparados à população geral (mulheres com lúpus entre 35 e 44 anos de idade apresentam risco 50 vezes maior de terem infarto do miocárdio). Como esperado em qualquer população, a etiologia e patogênese da doença arterial coronária (DAC) nestes pacientes é multifatorial, mas o LES parece predispor o desenvolvimento prematuro da aterosclerose, cujo aparecimento é ainda agravado por uma imensa série de fatores de risco tradicionais ou não, particularmente o uso de corticosteroides. Demonstrou-se que as mulheres com LES apresentam maior prevalência de dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e síndrome metabólica do que os controles saudáveis da mesma idade. Embora sejam extremamente importantes, estes fatores de risco tradicionais não justificam completamente o aumento da DCV em pacientes com LES, uma vez que existe um risco 17 vezes maior de morte por doença cardiovascular nessa população, mesmo após controle dos fatores de risco tradicionais. Por isso, acredita-se que fatores relacionados ao próprio LES contribuam para o desenvolvimento da DCV. Apesar disso, o reconhecimento dos principais fatores de risco tradicionais ainda é de fundamental importância para uma abordagem e prevenção adequada dos eventos ateroscleróticos.
Risco cardiovascular na artrite reumatoide
Authors: Torigoe Dawton Yukito , Laurindo Iêda Maria Magalhães
Published: November 2021

Está bem estabelecido hoje que a artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença associada a uma maior mortalidade comparada à da população geral. O primeiro estudo comparando a mortalidade dos pacientes com AR em relação à população geral foi o de Cobb et al., no início dos anos 1950. Ao acompanharem 583 pacientes por um período médio de 9,6 anos, os autores demonstraram que a AR, ao contrário do senso geral da época, é uma doença grave, associada a menor sobrevivência. Neste estudo observou-se que a taxa de mortalidade dos pacientes com AR era de 24,4 por 1.000 pacientes por ano, enquanto na população geral a taxa era de 18,9 para a mesma faixa etária. A razão entre a mortalidade observada e a mortalidade esperada foi de 1,30, ou seja, houve aumento de 30% na mortalidade dos pacientes artríticos.
A análise das causas da mortalidade excessiva na AR indica que as doenças cardiovasculares são as mais frequentes, sendo que a AR aumenta o risco de mortalidade cardiovascular (CV) em até 50%. No entanto, apesar da evidência inequívoca de maior risco CV na AR, o pequeno número absoluto de eventos CV em pacientes com AR, uma vez que a AR é uma doença de baixa prevalência, fez com que este risco fosse de alguma forma negligenciado. Adicionalmente, este mesmo motivo faz com que a pesquisa neste campo seja um desafio.
Embora os fatores de risco cardiovasculares tradicionais como o tabagismo, diabetes melito e dislipidemia certamente contribuam para a maior mortalidade na AR, eles não explicam totalmente o maior risco CV na AR. A maior incidência de eventos cardiovasculares na AR ocorre, em parte, independentemente dos fatores de risco coronário.
Mass Communications: From Classics to the Virtual Models
Authors: Karaperyan Anrieta
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the widespread use of mass communications and their virtual models, features and limitations, as well as the comparison of virtual and classical models. To study virtual communications, it is not enough to describe the corresponding processes within the framework of classical models, as well as the communication elements included in them. In order to fully describe modern communication processes, it is proposed to supplement the classical models with such elements as feedback, perception and self-presentation of the user, as well as the virtual communication space.
Social Problems in Post-Divorced Single-Parent Families
Authors: Kantemirova Galina
Published: November 2021

The article examines the influence of divorce on various factors in the life of family members. The works of foreign researchers devoted to environmental factors that affect the likelihood of divorce are analyzed. An assessment of the differences between children from complete and incomplete families is given.
Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Pandemi Sürecinin Bartın İlindeki Kadın Girişimciler Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: MORKOÇ Hülya , KARABULUT Ebru , AKTAŞOĞLU Cansu , ARSLAN Ramazan
Published: November 2021

İlk olarak Aralık 2019 tarihinde Çin’in Wuhan eyaletinde ortaya çıkan ve kısa zamanda hızla tüm dünyaya yayılan Covid-19 virüsü, küresel bir sorun olarak başta sağlık olmak üzere hayatın her alanını tehdit etmiş etmeye devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 sürecinde Bartın’da faaliyet gösteren kadın girişimcilerin maruz kaldıkları temel sorunları irdelenmiş ve çözüm arayışları üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu nedenle Pandemi sürecinin getirdiği güçlükler de dikkate alınarak KOSGEB tarafından 2020-21 yıllarında destek alan toplam 35 kadın girişimci ile yüz yüze mülakat yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmelerde elde edilen Verilerin analizi sonucunda Bartın’da faaliyet gösteren kadın girişimcilerin başlıca maruz kaldıkları sorunların başında ekonomik belirsizliklerin yer aldığı, bunu talep yetersizliği, evde artan sorumluluklar, aile üyelerinin temel gereksinimlerini karşılayamama, alınan desteklerin yetersiz olması ve yüksek kira fiyatlarıyla karşı karşıya kalma gibi sorunların ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür.
NARRATIVAS DO AGORA E O ESPETÁCULO DO EU
Authors: Santa Everton Vinicius de
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho discute algumas estratégias de autoexibição presentes nas narrativas do agora com base nos estudos contemporâneos sobre autoficção e terá como objetos os romances O filho eterno, de Cristovão Tezza (2008), e Divórcio, de Ricardo Lísias (2013). Ambos acentuam a ideia de que vivemos uma exacerbação de vários Eus (TÜRCKE, 2010; ARFUCH, 2010; KLINGER, 2012), ou de várias personas. Isso está cada vez mais intrínseco às práticas literárias e cotidianas de nossas relações interpessoais, dentro e fora do mundo virtual. A presença do escritor na mídia, acessível e cada vez mais em contato com seu leitor, fomenta o jogo entre real e ficcional presente nas escritas sobre si.
A EPIDEMIA DO CÓLERA EM A MORTE EM VENEZA, DE THOMAS MANN
Authors: Rocha Denise
Published: November 2021

O objetivo do estudo é mostrar a viagem externa e interna de Gustav Aschenbach, um escritor alemão, viúvo, famoso e rico, protagonista de A morte em Veneza, de Thomas Mann, o qual vivenciou e ficcionalizou na novela, a epidemia do cólera, ocorrida na Itália, em 1911. Com partida de Munique, o autor segue até Veneza, a fim de descansar durante o verão. Hospedado no Grande Hotel dos Banhos, ele desenvolve um amor platônico pelo ideal da juventude e da beleza, personificada por Tadeus (Tadzio), que tinha 14 aos de idade. A análise da paisagem física e abstrata de Veneza, imersa na rápida propagação de uma enfermidade letal, que, inicialmente, foi ocultada dos turistas e atingiu mortalmente Aschenbach, será baseada nos conceitos de ‘lugar concreto’ e de ‘espaço abstrato’, de Tuan.