bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Фотогенерированный йод для определения содержания каптоприла в твердой дозированной форме
Authors: Турусова Елена В. , Насакин Олег Евгеньевич , Андреева Екатерина Васильевна
Published: September 2021

Разработана экспрессная методика определения каптоприла в твердой дозированной форме, основанная на титровании аналита раствором фотогенерированного йода, полученного в результате облучения йодида калия в присутствии смеси сенсибилизаторов (эозината натрия: флуоресцеина: аурамина в молярном соотношении 1:1:1) при pH 5,6. В связи с тем, что содержание йода в сосуде контролировалось вольтамперометрическим методом, стабилизация тока в амперометрической цепи свидетельствовала о полноте протекания реакции титранта с каптоприлом, а, следовательно, позволяла регламентировать его содержание в препарате. Дальнейшее облучение раствора и измерение времени генерации, необходимого для восполнения убыли титранта, также позволяет регламентировать содержание активного фармацевтического ингредиента (API) в лекарственной форме (ЛФ). Установлено незначительное занижение содержания API при введении в ячейку более 20,0 ммоль стеариновой кислоты и 5,0 ммоль лактозы моногидрата, что необходимо учитывать при выполнении рутинного анализа. Найденное содержание каптоприла в твердой дозированной форме варьируется в диапазоне (49,1 – 50,2) и (24,2 – 25,1) мг и входит в интервал, рекомендованный приказом Министерства здравоохранения РФ от 26.10.2015 № 751н ((45,0 – 55,0); (22,5 – 27,5), мг), что свидетельствует о соответствии его качества требованиям, изложенным в нормативных документах (НД). Линейная зависимость аналитического сигнала от концентрации API наблюдается в интервале (20,0 – 200,0) мг для препарата «Каптоприл, таблетки 25 мг» (ООО «Озон»). Рассчитанный предел обнаружения (ПО) и количественного определения (ПКО) методики для препарата составил 10,4 мг и (34,7; 34,5) мг по изменению силы тока и времени генерации соответственно. Разработанная экспресс-методика определения каптоприла в твердой дозированной ЛФ соответствует требованиям, изложенным в руководстве по валидации биоаналитических методов, проста в исполнении, не требует дорогостоящего оборудования и, следовательно, может быть рекомендована для определения соответствия качества препарата в условиях любой контрольно-аналитической лаборатории.
Economic impact of pharmacists' interventions in asthma management: a systematic review
Authors: FREITAS Gabriel R. , SANTOS Juliana U. , FRANÇA Juliana S. , PINTO Rodrigo S. , SEIXAS Brayan V.
Published: September 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review in a systematically way the studies that investigated the economic impact of clinical pharmacist services delivered to asthma individuals. Methods: A systematic survey was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs and Cochrane databases aiming to grade the economic evaluations published until January 2020. English, Spanish, Portuguese or French language articles were included if they evaluated a pharmaceutical intervention aiming asthma patients and also reported economic data about these interventions. There was no limitation regarding the study design or type of economic analysis. Two independent authors assessed and selected the studies, extracted the data, and measured risk of bias. Risk of bias was measured through the Cochrane’s risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale for cohort studies. Results: 2,832 references were identified through the search strategy, but only seven studies met the inclusion criteria to be selected into the final analysis. Out of these seven articles, four consisted of cohort studies, and three consisted of randomized controlled trials. Instructional programs and patient counseling were the most usual components of pharmaceutical care interventions. Six articles showed statistically significant positive economic outcomes of pharmaceutical care interventions in asthma management. Moreover, pharmaceutical interventions were found to decrease hospitalizations, emergency visits, symptoms, and increase adherence to pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: Studies included showed acceptable and satisfactory cost-saving ratios, demonstrating the potential benefit of inserting the pharmacist into the multidisciplinary team. Nevertheless, long-term studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to establish solid evidence in order to expand the results found in this review to broader and different contexts.
Microwave waveguide polarizer with 3 posts
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

The developed waveguide polarizer with three posts has the following characteristics. The range of change of the differential phase shift is 90°±4.2°. The polarizer provides VSWR less than 1.26. Axial ratio is less than 0.55 dB. XPD is higher than 31 dB.
Ratings of dimensional traits in clinical practice: Comparing therapist and client perspectives
Authors: Balling Caroline , Lane Sean Patrick , Samuel Douglas B
Published: September 2021

Research has repeatedly evidenced the structural validity of the Five Factor Model (FFM), but questions remain about the use of its dimensions in clinical practice. Samuel and colleagues (2018) found therapists reported their clients had lower levels of personality pathology compared to clients’ own self-reports when using the unipolar PID-5 scale. The present study utilized the same sample of 54 client-therapist dyads to examine their use of the bipolar FFM Rating Form (FFMRF). When comparing the clinical ratings to expertly-rated healthy profile ratings, clients rated themselves as more aligned with healthy than their therapists rated them. Alternatively, clients were up to 3.6 times more likely to use the extreme (i.e. theoretically pathological) ratings of the FFMRF compared to their therapists. These results suggest that therapists and clients use these measures quite differently, and we cannot firmly conclude which source reports more pathology. Theoretical explanations, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Analisis Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) Dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) Pada PT. Bank Negara Indonesia 1946 (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Fitri Yolanda Tri Marta , fernos jhon
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the analysis of Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non Performing Loans (NPL) at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia 1946 (Persero) Tbk. In analyzing the data, the authors used quantitative data analysis methods. Quantitative data is information data that is expressed in the form of figures from the calculation and measurement of the Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non Performing Loan (NPL) analysis at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia 1946 (Persero) Tbk. The results of this study indicate that in the period 2017 - 2019 the Loan Deposit to Ratio (LDR) from the evaluation results is quite healthy because the average value is 89% with the evaluation criteria matrix is in the position > 75% LDR <100% and Non Performing Loans (NPL evaluation results are classified as healthy because NPL <5%.
Links between Entropy, Complexity, and the Technological Singularity
Authors: MODIS THEODORE
Published: September 2021

Entropy always increases monotonically in a closed system but complexity increases at first and then decreases as equilibrium is approached. Commonsense information-related definitions for entropy and complexity demonstrate that complexity behaves like the time derivative of entropy, which is proposed here as a new definition for complexity. A 20-year old study had attempted to quantify complexity (in arbitrary units) for the entire universe in terms of 28 milestones, breaks in historical perspective, and had concluded that complexity will soon begin decreasing. That conclusion is now corroborated by other researchers. In addition, the exponential runaway technology trend advocated by supporters of the singularity hypothesis—which was in part based on the trend of the very 28 milestones mentioned above—would have anticipated five new such milestones by now, but none have been observed. The conclusions of the 20-year old study remain valid: we have passed the maximum of complexity and we should expect the next two milestones at around 2033 and 2078.
Тридіафрагмовий поляризатор
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Було створено модель хвилеводного поляризатора із трьома діафрагмами. Він підтримує фазовий зсув 90±4.8º із коефіцієнтом відбиття 0.31 у діапазоні частот 7.7-8.5 ГГц.
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT LENGAYANG
Authors: Rahmadani Suci , Putra Yosep Eka
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine how the ratio of liquidity and profitability at PT.Bank Perkreditan Lengayang. The research method used is qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods. Qualitative methods are methods that explain the data under study during the study. while the quantitative method is to analyze the development of a bank's financial statements. and the type of data used, namely secondary data obtained from reports of financial services authorities, as well as rural bank publication reports for 2016-2020. To measure the soundness level of a bank, two ratios are used, namely the liquidity ratio (in the form of CR, QR and LDR) and the ratio of profitability (in the form of ROA, ROE, BOPO and NPM). The results of this study indicate that the level of the bank's liquidity ratio is in a healthy position because the bank is able to pay back its short-term obligations. The company's profitability ratio from 2016-2020 shows a value that fluctuates every year, but is still in a healthy position.
Transfer of maternal immunity project
Authors: Amrullah
Published: September 2021

This preprint is a part of the article "Transfer of maternal immunity using a polyvalent vaccine and offspring protection in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus"
Дифференційний фазозсувач на 90 градусів
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Сучасні антенні системи із поляризаційною обробкою сигналіввикористовують для покращення інформаційних параметрів сигналів,що ними обробляються [1-4]. Базовими елементами таких систем єфазозсувачі та поляризатори. Для верифікації отриманих результатів, у цьому діапазоні частот для числової моделі за допомогою відомих електродинамічних методів FDTD та FEM були отримані наступні характеристики 90º±3º та 90º±5º, відповідно.
Публікація наукових статей у наукометричних базах Scopus та Web of Science
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

У зв‘язку із Європейською інтеграцією для оцінки ефективності наукової діяльності роботи викладачів використовуються кількісні оцінки за допомогою публікацій у науко метричних базах Scopus та Web of Science. Таким чином передбачається збільшення відсотка публікації українських вчених у світі. На жаль, такий підхід не враховує незалежну експертну оцінку результатів із врахуванням затребуваності світовою наукою, специфіку навчальної дисципліни, характер колаборації. Колаборація визначається кількістю вчених, що займаються написанням роботи. Також така кількісна оцінка не враховує рівня журналу, в якому була опублікована наукова стаття. Це призводить до неправильної оцінки рівня наукової діяльності науко-педагогічних кадрів у навчальних закладах освіти. Наукометричні бази Scopus та Web of Science використовують індекс Хірша для кількісної оцінки показників науковця.
Clinical efficacy of Azithromycin for COVID-19 management: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses
Authors: Haider Bangash Ali , Fatima Arshiya , Zehra Saiqa , Shah Ali Haider , Abbas Syed Mohammad Mehmood , Khawaja Hashir Fahim
Published: September 2021

A meta-analysis of meta-analyses to determine the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin vis a vis COVID-19
Організація тактильного трафіка в мережі 6G
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Останнім часом широкого поширення набувають сучасні методи оброки інформації за допомогою поляризаційної оброки [1-9] та за допомогою мереж безпровідного зв‘язку 5G та 6G. До технологій цих мереж відносять взаємодію між абонентами D2D [10-14], взаємодію між пристроями M2M [15-16], взаємодія у сенсорних безпровідних гетерогенних мережах [17] та технології тактильного Інтернету.Тактильний Інтернет в 6G передбачає передачу у реальному часі інформації для віддаленого керування фізичними або віртуальними об‘єктами через Інтернет. Тактильний Інтернет дозволяє використовувати дистанційну роботу на основі тактильного зв‘язку. Проведений аналіз шляху дає важливу інформацію про відомості о статистиці тактильного інтернет-трафіка. Більш систематичний підхід, спрямований на вивчення додаткових тактильних шляхів різноманітних типів дослідів телеоперації, буде сприяти точній перевірці розподілу часу між прибуттями пакетів.
Двоштирьовий поляризатор
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Було створено модель хвилевідного поляризатора із трьома діафрагмами. Він підтримує фазовий зсув 90±7.0º із коефіцієнтом відбиття 0.42 у діапазоні частот 7.7-8.2 ГГц.
Комбінований регульований поляризатор
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Останнім часом поляризаційні пристрої набувають широкого поширення у сучасних телекомунікаційних системах. Найбільш поширенішими з конструкторської точки зору являються поляризатори, що будуються на основі реактивних неоднорідностей всередині прямокутних хвилеводів у вигляді штирів та діафрагм. Було створено модель комбінованого хвилевідного поляризатора із діафрагмами та штирем. Він забезпечує фазовий зсув 90±6.2º із коефіцієнтом відбиття 0,36 у робочому діапазоні частот.
Early Attachment Network to Multiple Caregivers: History, Assessment Models, and Future Research Recommendations
Authors: Dagan Or , Sagi-Schwartz Abraham
Published: September 2021

Early attachment has been commonly hypothesized to predict children’s future developmental outcomes, and robust evidence relying on assessments of single caregiver-child attachment patterns has corroborated this hypothesis. Nevertheless, most often children are raised by multiple caregivers, and they tend to form attachment bonds with more than one of them. In this paper, we briefly describe the conceptual and empirical roots underlying the notion of attachment network to multiple caregivers. We detail potential reasons for research focusing on a single caregiver (most often mothers, but recently also fathers) and the historical attempts to establish a more ecologically valid assessment of attachment to multiple caregivers. Finally, we describe a recently developed organizational framework that includes testable models on which future research may rely for assessing the predictive power of attachment networks to multiple caregivers on children’s developmental outcomes.
Situating desire: Situational cues increase desire for food through eating simulations
Authors: Papies Esther K. , van Stekelenburg Aart , Smeets Monique A. M. , Zandstra Liesbeth , Dijksterhuis Garmt
Published: September 2021

How do situations influence food desire? Although eating typically occurs in rich background situations, research on food desire often focuses on the properties of foods and consumers, rather than on the situations in which eating takes place. Here, we take a grounded cognition perspective and suggest that a situation that is congruent with consuming a food increases simulations of eating it, which, in turn, affect desire, and the expected and actual liking of the food. We tested this idea in four pre-registered experiments (N = 524). Participants processed an image of a food presented in a congruent situation, an incongruent situation, or no background situation. Compared to the incongruent situation, the congruent situation increased expected liking of the food and desire, and this was partially or fully mediated by eating simulations. The congruent situation also increased salivation, a physiological indicator of preparing to eat. However, there was only weak and indirect evidence for congruence effects on actual liking of the food when tasted. These findings show that situational cues can affect desire for food through eating simulations. Thus, background situations play an important but understudied role in human food desires. We address implications for research using food images, and for applications to promote healthy and sustainable eating behaviour.
Coming and going in time: a multimodal study
Authors: Carrion Daniel Alcaraz , Valenzuela Javier
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we look at co-speech gestures when using a Time Unit +come/go construction. We analise 326 gestures in terms axis, direction of the movement, direction in relation to the speaker and gesture-speech congruency. We conclude that gestures performed with these verbs are adapted to the lateral axis. We hypothesise that factors such as the frequency of the linguistic expression, the level of spatial information contained in the linguistic structure, and the type of temporal frame of reference employed by time metaphors may condition several gesture features such as frequency, congruency and direction.
MiR-200a-3p Accelerated Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in HCM Cells by Enhancing IGF2R via Wnt/β-catenin Signalling Pathway
Authors: Ge Yaolei
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The present study examined functions of miR-200a-3p accelerated progressions of HCM cells via IGF2R and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway after hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment in vitro. CCK-8 showed that cell viability of HCM was inhibited while apoptosis rates detected by flow cytometry were promoted in a time dependent manner after H/R (12 hours and 24 hours). Beyond that, Bcl-2 and c-IAP1 were decreased but Bax and caspase-3 were upregulated by H/R treatment. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NLRP3 were also increased after treatment. RT-qPCR showed increased expressions of miR-200a-3p by H/R treatment while its inhibitor elevated cell viability but depressed apoptosis rate and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ expressions. IGF2R was upregulated after H/R treatment and its downregulation magnified effects of suppressed miR-200a-3p. HIF-1α/Wnt/β -catenin signalling pathway was activated by miR-200a-3p and IGF2R while IWP-2 treatment abolished the activation of Wnt3a andβ -catenin, causing decreased apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ expressions but accelerated the cell viability.
Diagnóstico de ectima contagioso em pequenos ruminantes através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Santana Rosana Leo de
Published: September 2021

The virus of contagious ecthyma (CEV), also known as orf virus (ORFV) is the etiological agent of contagious ecthyma (CE) in sheep and goat and belongs to the Parapoxvirus genus, family Poxviridae. In some cases, CE can be confused with vesicular diseases so there is need for differentiation especially because, according to the standards of the National Program for the Eradication of FMD (PNEFA), goats and sheep are not vaccinated against Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), acting as sentinel animals. Although initial studies have demonstrated the usefulness of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic test, there are no studies involving its use on Brazilian field samples, which may be genetically distinct from previously studied samples, as described in a study of restriction sites analysis of Brazilian CE samples. This work was conducted with the goal of standardizing a PCR (qPCR) test using SYBR Green I dye for molecular diagnosis of EC in DNA extracted from lesions of affected animal or cell culture inoculated in field samples. The products were detected with qPCR dissociation curve analysis which showed a peak at 88 ºC indicating that positive samples have only one specific amplification product. All DNA samples tested (29 animals crusts and their cell cultures) were positive in the qPCR. The qPCR was able to detect the DNA of at least 10,000 times dilution corresponding to 0.056 ng of DNA. It is believed that with the additional qPCR validations reported in this study, it can be used for differential diagnosis in the health surveillance of PNEFA.
MUSTARD OIL – GARLIC COMBO MASSAGE- AN EFFECTIVE KNEE PAIN HOME REMEDY
Authors: Sharma Manpreet , Kaur Mandeep , Kaur Hardeep
Published: September 2021

Background: Knee pain is one of the most prevalent disorders affecting the quality of life of elderly age group and geriatric population. This can occur due to numerous reasons including obesity, constant weight bearing rheumatic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis as well as osteoarthritis that may lead to swelling, redness, warmth, weakness, tenderness, and stiffness of the joint. A number of pain reliever formulations are available in the market that include NSAIDs based creams, intra synovial injections and steroid based formulations however none of them proves to be completely effective in improving the quality of life of geriatric population. In addition to it, there are a number of reported side effects/adverse events related to these formulations.

Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a home remedy prepared from Mustard oil and garlic as mentioned in ancient texts of Ayurveda in the knee pain subjects for improving quality of life. A quasi-experimental study (two group pretest and posttest design) was conducted in 70 subjects in two groups of 35 each with knee joint pain meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pain was assessed using numeric pain scale. Data analysis was done using inferential and descriptive statistics. Majority of the samples in both group I and group II had moderate and severe level of pain.

Results: After intervention, the pain level had reduced to mild level in experimental group as compared to conventional group. The mean pretest values of pain score in experimental group had significant difference during posttest measurement of mean pain score. The difference was found to be significant in experimental group with warm mustard oil massage, but in conventional group difference was not significant.

Conclusion: Mustard oil-garlic combo massage proved to be a good home remedy in knee pain

Key words:  effectiveness, mustard oil with garlic massage, knee pain
Shadow of COVID-19 on the Education of Hearing-Impaired Children
Authors:   Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Jahangir Feizabadi Faeze , Mastour Haniye ,   Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: September 2021

N/A
Effects of Dry Needling of the Upper Trapezius Active Trigger Points on Pain and Pain Pressure Threshold in Women With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Navaee Fereshteh , Yassin Marzieh ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sarrafzade Javad ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Salehi Reza ,   Department of Basic Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Parandnia Azizeh ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ebrahimi Zahra ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of dry needling as local treatment of upper trapezius trigger points related to chronic neck pain on pain and pain pressure threshold in women with chronic nonspecific neck pain. Methods: Thirty females with an active myofascial trigger point of the upper trapezius muscle were randomly divided into two groups: dry needling with passive stretch (n=15) and passive stretch alone (n=15). They received 5 sessions of the intervention for three weeks. The outcomes were pain intensity and pain pressure threshold. Every outcome was recorded at baseline and 2 days after the ﬁfth session. Results: Significant improvement in pain and pain pressure threshold was observed in both groups (P=0.0001) after the treatment. The results of the independent t-test showed a significant difference in measurements between the dry needling and passive stretch groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dry needling with passive stretch can be more effective on pain and pain pressure threshold than passive stretching alone in short term in women with nonspecific neck pain.
Relationship Between Physiological Factors, Emotional Status and Daily Activities With Sleep Quality in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Joudi Nasim , Alizadeh Zarei Mehdi ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Akbarfhimi Malahat ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Generally, spinal cord injuries can lead to functional limitations and restrict participation in different areas of occupations. One of the areas of occupations that are less considered is rest and sleep. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between physiological, emotional status and daily activities, and sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study that was conducted in 2019-2020. The statistical population of this study was patients with spinal cord injury referring to the occupational therapy clinics in Tehran and Karaj as well as hospitalized patients and daily patients referring to the Kahrizak care unit in Alborz province. The sample size was considered 100 spinal cord injury patients who were randomly selected. Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, STOP-BANG Respiratory Apnea Probability Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Pain Scale, and Barthel Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the risk factors of respiratory apnea, anxiety, depression, pain, the time elapsed after the accident and functional mobility, and sleep quality (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury is low and is significantly associated with factors, such as the likelihood of respiratory apnea, pain, mood factors anxiety and depression, muscle tone, functional mobility, and independence in daily activities
Psychological Distress and Social Integration of Elderly People With Physical Disabilities
Authors:   Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Kliniken Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany., Karimian Mohammad Taghi , Düllmann Sonja ,   Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Kliniken Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany., Senf Wolfgang ,   Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Kliniken Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany., Tagay Sefik ,   Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Kliniken Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Poor physical health can affect the performance of everyday life activities and integration into society. The extent of disability or its influence on the life of an individual is related to his/her physical and social environment. This study aimed to examine the psychological existential orientation and social integration of elders with physical disabilities. Methods: Forty-six people with physical disabilities (with Mean±SD age of 73.7±10.6 years and age range of 53-93 years) were examined regarding psychological existential orientation, social integration, and health-related quality of life, using an extensive questionnaire set, including questionnaire on assistive technology, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and health-related quality of life. Results: The results showed that poor physical health can negatively impact the psyche and integration of the sample into society. Also, the subjects indicated a strong desire for more integration into society, however, they did not significantly participate in society in the last two weeks. Conclusion: Poor health and dependence on the environment in daily life can negatively influence the psychological and social situation and also limit social integration.
Investigating the Prevalence of Positional Plagiocephaly With 3D Scan in Children Under One Year of Age in Mofid Hospital
Authors:   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Chahaki Esmaeil , Javanshir Mohamadali ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Saeeidi Hassan ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Taghdiri Mohamdmahdi ,   Department of Neurology, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Positional plagiocephaly is one of the most common skull deformities that ultimately lead to the asymmetry of the head and face in different ranges. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of plagiocephaly and analyze the relationship between risk factors and the severity level of the deformities in children referred to the Mofid hospital. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the cranial vault asymmetry index was calculated from a routine head scan with a noninvasive laser shape digitizer. Data were recorded and categorized by the type and severity of deformation. Also, for the analysis of risk factors, data about sitting, feeding, and sleeping positions were gathered from parents. Results: The study participants included 90 children, and the prevalence of head deformity was 35% (32 infants) with mild to moderate severity. According to the risk factors, infant positions are significantly correlated with the severity of plagiocephaly. Conclusion: Parents’ awareness of changing the head position plays an important role to reduce the risk of plagiocephaly in children.
The Relationship Between Burnout and Occupational Balance in Occupational Therapists in Tehran
Authors:   Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohammadi Samad , Shafaroodi Narges ,   Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amini Malek ,   Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Despite its many positive effects, having a job can expose people to stress and threats that negatively affect health and well-being, and consequently, upset their occupational balance. Occupational therapy is one of the most stressful jobs and always exposes therapists to health-related threats due to direct contact with patients and constant and repetitive movements. This study aimed to investigate burnout and occupational balance among occupational therapists in Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 166 occupational therapists working in the public and private clinics and centers of Tehran. Sampling was conducted using the multistage method. The participants completed demographic questionnaires, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Life Balance Inventory. Then, the Spearman Statistical Test was used to examine the relationship between burnout and occupational balance. Results: The results revealed a strong (r= -0.29) and significant (P=0.001) negative relationship between emotional fatigue and the total life balance list, a strong (r= -0.32) and significant (P=0.0001) negative relationship between depersonalization and total life balance and identity, and a strong (r= -0.32) and significant (P=0.0001) negative relationship between success and total life balance list. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, burnout negatively affects the identity and interests of occupational therapists but does not affect their health and communication.
Survival Analysis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Iranian Patients: A Multistate Model
Authors:   Department of Health and Epidemiology, School of Medical, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Amiri Fatemeh , Roshanaei Ghodrat ,   Department of Health and Epidemiology, School of Medical, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Olfati Far Meysam ,   Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti Universityof Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Najafi Rasoul ,   Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti Universityof Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Poorolajal Jalal ,   Department of Epidemiologys, School of Health, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is a chronic and potentially life-threatening disease. Numerous factors affect its development and progression. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify characteristics impacting the prognosis and progression of AIDS using multistate models. Methods & Materials: The present retrospective study consisted of 2185 patients affected with HIV referring to Behavioral Disease Counseling Centers in Tehran City, Iran, from 2004 to 2013. We considered multiple states of AIDS, tuberculosis, and tuberculosis/AIDS in the natural history of the disease (from the onset of HIV disease until death occurred). Then, we applied the multistate models, to examine the effect of contextual demographic and clinical variables on survival time; subsequently, the transition probabilities of HIV. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1396.117). Results: HIV-Related deaths in individuals with an incarnation history were 2.40 times higher than in those without the prison history. Death risk was also 1.70 and 1.80 times higher in those aged 25-44 and 44 years, respectively, compared to the individuals aged less than 25 years. An inverse relationship was also found between CD4 levels and the risk of death in our participants. Conclusion: Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, age, and history of imprisonment were the main factors in the progression of the disease and subsequent death in HIV patients. Thus, preventing the further spread of the disease to the community and controlling the disease in the patients requires targeted educational and therapeutic interventions; accordingly, the community will be familiarized with transmission routes and the preventing principle of disease. Furthermore, we can encourage patients to visit the healthcare centers early.
The Effects of Topical Vitamin C on Burn Wound Healing
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Haddadi Mohammad , Movahedzadeh Davood ,   Department of Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Jaghouri Elaheh ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, mashhad, Iran., Robat Sarpooshi Hamid ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: Topical supplements and vitamins have often been used to accelerate the healing of burn wounds. This study investigated the effects of topical application of vitamin C solution on burn wounds. Methods & Materials: This research was performed on 30 patients with extensive second-degree burns on one or two organs with similar burns. The study subjects were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received topical application of vitamin C solution in addition to silver sulfadiazine ointment in the burn area; however, only silver sulfadiazine ointment was applied in the burn area in the control group. The wounds were examined and scored on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS using repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the ethics committee of sabzevar university medical sciences. (Code: IR.MEDSAB.REC.1394.60). Results Eighteen of the 30 examined patients were male and 12 were female. Their Mean±SD age and body mass index were 43.03±11.90 years and 27.82±4.08 kg/m2, respectively. Conclusion: The repeated-measures ANOVA data indicated that the study groups were significantly different concerning the final mean scores given to the wounds (P=0.047). In other words, the research groups significantly differed in wound healing; thus, topical application of vitamin C significantly improved wound healing in the study participants.
The Effects of Teaching Sexual Satisfaction Model on Couple Burnout
Authors:   Department of Counseling, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Zolfaghari Soheila , Moradi Omid ,   Department of Counseling, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Ahmadian Hamzeh ,   Department of Psychology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran., Shams Alizadeh Narges ,   Department of Psychology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: The quality of sexual satisfaction of couples plays an essential role in marital dissatisfaction; therefore, sexual satisfaction training can be effective in reducing this marital problem. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sexual satisfaction model training on reducing couples’ distress among couples referring to counseling centers. Methods & Materials: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study included all couples referring to counseling centers in Sanandaj City, in the academic year of 2019-2020. The instruments used in this research were Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). After selecting the sample and randomly forming two groups of 30 experimental and control groups, a pretest was conducted on the study groups. The researcher provided eight 90-minutes training sessions to the experimental group as a model of sexual satisfaction. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MUK.REC.1397.5037). Results: The current research results revealed a significant difference (P≤0.001) between the experimental and control groups concerning marital boredom (F=35.581) and its dimensions, including physical fatigue (F=25.074), emotional exhaustion (F=39.031), and mental exhaustion (F=35.020); the effect of the educational program was equal to 0.42, 0.31, 0.41, and 0.39, respectively. Conclusion: The present study findings indicated that sex education model training was effective in reducing couples’ referrals to counseling centers.
Comparing Enamel Microhardness in Decidous Teeth With Primary Carious Lesions After Applying Three Fluoride Containing Materials in Vitro
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran., Azadi Puran , Sarlak Hamid ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran., Nourmohammadi Shima ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: For decades, using fluoride has been introduced to prevent the development and progression of primary carious lesions. Increased surface microhardness of primary caries is among the essential factors in preventing lesion progression and cavity formation. The present study aimed to compare the microhardness changes of primary caries treated with 3 products, containing fluoride (varnish, toothpaste, & mouthwash) in dental teeth. Methods & Materials: In this study, 45 extracted human deciduous molars were used. Using a diamond-winning disc, enamel blocks with a dimension of 1 x 4 x 4 mm were prepared from the buccal surface of the teeth, i.e., healthy and without structural defects; they were mounted in acrylic self-adhesive. Initial microhardness test (Vicker’s test) with a force of 300 gr and Dwell time for 15 seconds was applied on samples. Next, artificial caries with the standard solution were created in all samples and the microhardness of samples was recorded at this stage. The study samples were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15, treated with fluoride varnish, mouthwash, and toothpaste. Then, the microhardness of samples was re-measured. The mean surface microhardness was compared between the study groups by Independent Samples t-test and Bonferroni test. All analyses were performed using SPSS at the significance level of P<0.05. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Arak University of Medical Science (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.264). Results: Increase in surface microhardness of primary caries in fluoride varnish group was statistically significant; in GC MI paste plus toothpaste and Oral B mouthwash was non-significant. The research samples treated by fluoride varnish had a higher surface microhardness, compared to toothpaste and mouthwash. Conclusion: According to the present research results, fluoride varnish was superior to fluoride mouthwash and toothpaste in improving the microhardness of primary dental caries.
Comparing the Effects of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy and Zolpidem 10 mg on Illness Perception and Sleep Efficiency in Individuals With Chronic Insomnia
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Salmani Behzad , Hasani Jaafar ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background & Aim: This study aimed at comparing efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy, Zolpidem 10 mg, and waiting list group on illness perception and sleep efficiency in individuals with chronic insomnia disorder. Materials & Methods: Participants included 74 (female = 43) individuals with chronic insomnia disorder who were recruited from 2018 December to 2020 February by purposive sampling (inclusive & exclusive criteria). Then, patients randomly allocated to one of the three conditions, including cognitive behavioral therapy (N=25), pharmacotherapy (Zolpidem 10 mg.; N=29), and the waiting list (N=20). All patients were assessed three times at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up by the Persian version of Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and Sleep Efficiency Index. The data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc test and repeated measure analysis of variance. Ethical Considerations: All stages of the research have been carried after taking supervising and approving of Kharazmi University's ethics in research committee. Findings: The patients who received cognitive behavioral therapy compared to patients in waiting list group, obtained significantly lower scores in illness perception and sleep efficiency during post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Efficacy of pharmacotherapy only observed during post-treatment but there were no significant differences between pharmacotherapy and waiting list patients during 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia reduced significantly illness perceptions and sleep efficiency during 3 months. All the treatment gains remain stable even 3 months later treatment ends. In addition, not receiving any treatment in waiting list and gradually discontinued the treatment in pharmacotherapy group leads to decreasing of sleep efficiency and increasing of illness perception.
Nombre de cas d’hépatite contractée dans des accidents du travail au Brésil entre 2009 et 2018
Authors: Almeida Naara Perdigão Cota de , Lima Júnior Idelbrando Araújo , Azevedo Lucas do Rêgo Góes , Martins Romulo Maia , Magalhães Gustavo Aurélio Linhares , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dendasck Amanda Alves
Published: September 2021

L’hépatite virale est un grave problème de santé publique dans le monde et au Brésil. Il s’agit de maladies de notification obligatoire instituées par le ministère brésilien de la Santé (MS). Les dossiers des personnes touchées devraient être effectués dans le système d’information sur les maladies à déclaration obligatoire (SINAN), qui devrait notifier tous les cas probables, confirmés et les foyers. L’objectif de ces travaux est de quantifier le nombre de cas d’hépatite contractée dans des accidents du travail au Brésil entre 2009 et 2018. Il s’agit d’une étude est une analyse quantitative observationnelle rétrospective des données épidémiologiques étudiées. En ce sens, des recherches ont été effectuées dans les bases de données du portail national DATASUS (https://datasus.saude.gov.br/). Les accidents du travail contribuent efficacement aux taux d’incidence actuels de l’hépatite virale au Brésil, ainsi qu’à la réduction de la qualité de vie des travailleurs – en particulier ceux de la santé. Des incohérences entre les données épidémiologiques enregistrées dans SINAN et les études dans la littérature peuvent démontrer la présence d’une sous-déclaration. En raison de la rareté relative et de la contradiction des études, il n’existe pas de profil bien établi de contamination dans les services de santé et il est nécessaire de poursuivre les études sur le sujet.
Implementasi Toleransi Umat Beragama : Telaah Hubungan Islam dan Kristen di Durensewu Pasuruan Jawa Timur
Authors: Arifin Achmad Zainul
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Islam and Christianity are religions that have a long history in the life of social communities in Indonesia. The pairs of relations between the two religions have been going on for a long time. Conflict there are several regions in Indonesia that are related to social harmony with various supporting factors that exist in the community. This research will support how the pattern of participation of Islam and Christian minorities, as well as the field of harmony that unites the social relations of the two religions. Then this study is a qualitative study using observation techniques and direct interviews to the field to collect data with research objects. The results of this study suggest that both in Islam and Christianity are related to good relations within a religious and social framework. Furthermore, in building social relations that are found in several religious harmony fields, the yard is a place of worship, a village spring, a village hall and a village field.

Keywords: Islam, Christianity, Tolerance, and social harmony.