bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bachelard: vida, imaginación y libertad
Authors: Ezcurdia José
Published: June 2024

El presente texto tiene como objeto dar cuenta de los rasgos fundamentales de la crítica bachelardiana al mundo moderno a partir de la recuperación de los conceptos de vida, imaginación activa y libertad. Dichos conceptos aparecen como corazón de una ontología a la vez vitalista y materialista, en la que el ejercicio de la libertad se concibe a partir de la relación dinámica y productiva entre el consciente y el inconsciente, en términos de la articulación de un cogito de la ensoñación. Para Bachelard, la libertad se constituye como un proceso de verticalización aérea que se articula como marco crítico de un mundo moderno que reduce a la conciencia a los requerimientos meramente sensomotores de una cultura ordenada en una creciente mecanización.
Una interpretación gnoseológica de los conceptos de esencia y existencia en Spinoza
Authors: García Ruzo Antonieta
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo busca alejarse de las lecturas tradicionales de los conceptos spinozianos de esencia y existencia para brindar una interpretación de estos en función de una hipótesis que denominamos onto-gnoseológica. Los estudios que se han hecho acerca de la dupla esencia-existencia han optado por entenderla como la expresión de un dualismo ontológico o ignorarla por completo. Frente a estas lecturas, el objetivo de estas páginas es demostrar que Spinoza asocia, a lo largo de todo su trabajo, las nociones de esencia y existencia a las maneras de conocer humanas y no a estratos ontológicos. Esta resignificación permite entender el proyecto filosófico spinoziano de un modo más profundo, como un proyecto en el que la dualidad gnoseológica no sólo es coherente con la univocidad de lo real, sino absolutamente necesaria para reconocer los límites del conocimiento humano y la posibilidad de acceder a la beatitud o felicidad.
La constitución de un “nosotros” desde las críticas al humanismo moderno
Authors: Botticelli Sebastián
Published: June 2024

La modernidad europea postula al individuo como figura antropológica originaria, base de la dimensión social. En ese contexto donde el “yo” es el punto de partida indefectible, la constitución de un “nosotros” se presenta como un problema específicamente moderno que encuentra al humanismo como respuesta principal. Pero ese humanismo que alcanzó a funcionar durante varios siglos parece hoy haber entrado en crisis a partir de cuestionamientos que lo acusan de operar como la universalización hipostasiada de un conjunto de particularidades. El presente artículo se propone recuperar algunas de las críticas dirigidas hacia el humanismo moderno y sus implicancias en torno a la constitución de un “nosotros” en tanto problema filosófico. Para ello se consideran los aportes de Michel Foucault, autor en el que se referencian varias tendencias posthumanistas. Se analizan los supuestos e implicancias de la “ontología crítica de nosotros mismos” que Foucault propone desde su lectura de Kant buscando poner en cuestión aquellas perspectivas que derivan de la “muerte del hombre” una negación, impugnación o abandono de lo universal. Por último, se exploran las posibilidades de comprender a la noción de un “nosotros actual” como modalidad que aspira a desmarcarse de los límites del humanismo moderno.
De la verdad incómoda a la verdad suficiente
Authors: Costa Alyne
Published: June 2024

El Antropoceno –la nueva época geológica en la que los procesos ecológicos del planeta vienen siendo gravemente impactados por las actividades industriales– nos sitúa en una contradicción a primera vista irresoluble con respecto a la relación entre verdad, ciencia y política. Por un lado, existe la imperiosa necesidad de reconocer como legítimas las “verdades de los otros”, es decir, las diversas formas en que los pueblos no occidentales expresan su pertenencia al mundo, incluyendo sus propias formas, no “científicas”, de percibir la actual desincronización de los ciclos de la Tierra. Por otra parte, no debemos aceptar la verdad que ciertos otros reivindican: me refiero a los negacionistas del clima, que, a pesar de la evidencia del carácter antropogénico del cambio climático, niegan vehementemente el problema, confundiendo a la opinión pública y obstruyendo la acción política que ayudaría a frenar sus efectos. Entonces, ¿qué hacer con esta aparente incoherencia que nos hace, por un lado, afirmar la “verdad de lo relativo” y, por otro, recusar las relativizaciones de la “verdad incómoda” del cambio climático? ¿Es posible establecer un concepto de verdad que permita conciliar estos dos imperativos cosmopolíticos cruciales de nuestro tiempo? Este artículo busca inspiración en el pragmatismo de William James para proponer un relativismo consecuente capaz de dar cabida a lo que propongo llamar “verdad suficiente”.
Ukrainian and international experience of formation of information competences by means of library practices
Authors: Lomachynsky Bohdan
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the research problem is explained by active digitization, which places modern libraries tasks to apply new information and communication technologies in their work to increase the level of information competencies of employees and readers. The purpose of the article is to determine the main forms and methods of forming information competencies through library practices in the context of Ukrainian and international experience. The research methodology is based on a combination of source analysis, comparative analysis, and systematic and logical methods of scientific research. As a result of the study, it was noted that the concept of information literacy encompasses a set of technological skills that contribute to effective information search and processing, enhance the ability to interact effectively in the media space, understanding the essence of media texts, and the ability to protect against negative media influences. Based on the analysis of the legislative framework, the content of the concepts of “digital competence” and “media competence”, which are components of information competence, was determined. The article defines the specifics of forms and methods of increasing the level of information competencies in public and academic libraries. In public libraries, work on increasing the level of information competencies includes skills and abilities to use information and communication technologies; search for information on the Internet; safe and responsible work in the virtual space; critical processing of information obtained from media resources. In academic libraries, in addition to the above, work is aimed at expanding knowledge services, strengthening interaction between teachers, students, and librarians for the effective conduct of innovative research and the quality assimilation of new knowledge. For librarians as knowledge managers, increasing the level of information competencies encompasses a complex of technological, information legal, methodological, moral-ethical knowledge with the involvement of security components. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of more effectively using the analyzed practices of forming information competencies by Ukrainian libraries
The role of digital technologies in improving library and information communication: Trends and challenges
Authors: Pluzhnyk Oksana , Berezanska Iryna , Drok Pavlo
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the study is driven by the rapid development of digital technologies and their significant impact on all areas of life, including the library and information field. Digital resources and online services are increasingly displacing traditional printed media, necessitating the transformation of libraries to maintain their relevance and competitiveness. The aim of the research is to examine the impact of digital technologies on the library and information field, identify their potential, and identify challenges arising during this transformative transition. Various methods were employed during the study, allowing for a deep and comprehensive understanding of the process of digital transformation in the library and information field. The application of a comprehensive methodological approach, which included literature analysis and the involvement of various sources of information, enabled a thorough investigation of the issues. Comparative analysis of approaches allowed for objective conclusions and recommendations regarding the optimal implementation of digital innovations in this field. The research results indicate promising opportunities for using digital technologies to optimize communication and expand user capabilities. Key aspects of the impact of digital technologies on the library and information field were identified, highlighting their importance in the context of the modern information landscape. Trends and challenges associated with digital innovations were analyzed, revealing significant changes in the functioning of libraries and the transformation of their role. The question of the adequacy of libraries to modern requirements and the need to develop development strategies were raised. It was clarified that the further development of the library and information field will be determined by prioritizing digital innovations and flexible adaptation to changes in the information environment. The conclusions and recommendations obtained have practical significance for contemporary librarians, drawing their attention to the importance of adapting to the digital environment. Considering the dynamics of the information society, the focus on preparing librarians to use advanced technologies determines their successful adaptation to new challenges
Green Criminology y victimización medioambiental. Una aproximación narrativa y visual
Authors: Natali Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

El famoso terremoto de Lisboa de 1755 y las no tan conocidas obras de Immanuel Kant sobre este inauguran una nueva etapa de la historia del pensamiento humano en relación con los desastres y sus efectos en el entorno natural y humano. ¿Son previsibles este tipo de catástrofes? ¿Contribuye el obrar del hombre de algún modo al daño generado —por ejemplo, como decía Kant— construyendo casas altas y, por lo tanto, se le puede hacer responsable? A estas cuestiones se suman las planteadas por la entonces incipiente revolución industrial, que añade a los desastres «naturales» otros de pura creación humana: la «contaminación» que, como resultado de limitaciones tecnológicas y del afán de ahorro en los procesos de producción industrial, destruye la naturaleza y envenena a los seres humanos. ¿Cuál es el equilibrio entre desarrollo económico y social y protección del medioambiente y la salud? ¿Hay un nivel de riesgo o de daño permitido por el Derecho? De todo esto se debatió durante dos días en este congreso internacional en el cual se reunieron especialistas venidos de España, Italia y Brasil en Criminología verde, Derecho penal internacional y Derecho penal medioambiental.
LA INTERPRETACIÓN DEL ART. 16 DE LA CE A LA LUZ DE LA DECLARACIÓN UNIVERSAL DE DERECHOS HUMANOS Y LOS TRATADOS INTERNACIONALES SOBRE LA MATERIA
Authors: Alenda Salinas Manuel
Published: June 2024

Desde instancias oficiales internacionales se viene propugnando que si el Estado crea un marco legal para otorgar a las comunidades religiosas una personalidad jurídica que implica un estatus especial en el derecho interno, todos los grupos religiosos que así lo deseen deben poder solicitar dicho estatus (TEDH); de manera que las leyes concernientes a la personalidad legal de estos grupos deben constituirse de modo que faciliten el derecho de libertad religiosa, permitiendo el acceso a los derechos vinculados a la personalidad jurídica (OSCE). Sin embargo, en los últimos casos en que la Audiencia Nacional ha juzgado acerca de la denegación de acceso al Registro de Entidades Religiosas, se ha estimado bien denegada la inscripción, atribuyendo a la Administración al frente de dicho Registro una cierta potestad de calificación. La peculiar situación de este Registro —entre recobrar el carácter jurídico de que estuvo revestido y la de acabar de convertirse en un mero registro administrativo—, sin que la doctrina jurisprudencial haya desvirtuado esta incertidumbre, hace pertinente el estudio de la temática atinente al marco jurídico de la entidad religiosa en España, partiendo de sus aspectos más generales, como son la libertad de creencias y su dimensión comunitario-religiosa, hasta llegar a concreciones más particulares, fijando el estatuto de las entidades religiosas, el instrumento para su personificación jurídica y la actividad de calificación registral de la Administración.
Sociedad y justicia penal
Authors: López Jiménez Raquel , Zafra Espinosa de los Monteros Rocío
Published: June 2024

La CE señala a España como un Estado de Derecho cuyos valores superiores de su ordenamiento jurídico son la libertad, la igualdad y la justicia, entre otros. Es por ello, que el derecho a castigar sea aplicado mediante un instrumento que ordene el castigo, expropiando a los particulares de su aplicación. De ahí, la necesidad de un proceso judicial desarrollado antes los Juzgados y Tribunales existentes, en aplicación al derecho fundamental a un juez legal predeterminado por ley. entre estos tribunales, se encuentra el Tribunal del Jurado, en el que personas legas en Derecho, participan en la Administración de Justicia declarando probados o no determinados hechos concretos y emitiendo un veredicto que «vinculará» al órgano judicial. El derecho de defensa y la presunción de inocencia, se reconoce a todas las personas por más deplorables que hayan sido las formas de delinquir. Estas garantías, pueden verse restringidas por el sensacionalismo mediático que algunas informaciones dan y que pueden colisionar con las garantías fundamentales antes mencionada. En estas páginas analizaremos todas estas cuestiones generales, haciendo hincapié en la posible limitación por los medios de los derechos de defensa y la presunción de inocencia. Finalmente, examinaremos las repercusiones que esta colisión entre el derecho a la libertad de expresión y la presunción de inocencia, pueda conllevar para las partes procesales.
La institución del Jurado en la organización judicial
Authors: López Jiménez Raquel
Published: June 2024

La CE señala a España como un Estado de Derecho cuyos valores superiores de su ordenamiento jurídico son la libertad, la igualdad y la justicia, entre otros. Es por ello, que el derecho a castigar sea aplicado mediante un instrumento que ordene el castigo, expropiando a los particulares de su aplicación. De ahí, la necesidad de un proceso judicial desarrollado antes los Juzgados y Tribunales existentes, en aplicación al derecho fundamental a un juez legal predeterminado por ley. entre estos tribunales, se encuentra el Tribunal del Jurado, en el que personas legas en Derecho, participan en la Administración de Justicia declarando probados o no determinados hechos concretos y emitiendo un veredicto que «vinculará» al órgano judicial. El derecho de defensa y la presunción de inocencia, se reconoce a todas las personas por más deplorables que hayan sido las formas de delinquir. Estas garantías, pueden verse restringidas por el sensacionalismo mediático que algunas informaciones dan y que pueden colisionar con las garantías fundamentales antes mencionada. En estas páginas analizaremos todas estas cuestiones generales, haciendo hincapié en la posible limitación por los medios de los derechos de defensa y la presunción de inocencia. Finalmente, examinaremos las repercusiones que esta colisión entre el derecho a la libertad de expresión y la presunción de inocencia, pueda conllevar para las partes procesales.
Integrating lean management into community-based tourism: Enhancing efficiency in tourism supply chains through value stream mapping concept
Authors: Tatiyanantakul Wachiraya , Chindaprasert Kantimarn
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify waste within the community-based tourism (CBT) management chain and enhance the efficiency of the CBT activities' supply chain by employing the value stream mapping (VSM) concept. Through a case study of a CBT destination in Kok Sathon, Thailand, a mixed-method research approach was utilized, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The study incorporated a literature review, field surveys, interviews with 35 key informants, and questionnaires administered to 400 tourists. The findings reveal that waste in the CBT management process manifested in nine categories: non-participation/non-community involvement; lack of identity/storytelling; unclear communication; overproduction/over-processing; waiting/delay; transportation/motion; non-organization and management; defects; and tourism marketing. Following the implementation of improvements, a reduction in staff activities was observed by 33.33% and service process time by 5.61%. The research not only provides empirical evidence of waste in CBT supply chain management but also demonstrates the impact of applying lean principles to address inefficiencies. Furthermore, it offers insights into optimizing tourism resources in CBT operations and serves as a guide for enhancing efficiency in service organizations. This work introduces a new framework that challenges traditional compartmentalized problem-solving methods in tourism and emphasizes the importance of every step in the process—from inception to conclusion—to enhance understanding of the root causes of issues and facilitate necessary changes. These reductions in waste are directly aligned with the values desired by tourists, indicating a successful alignment of operational improvements with tourist expectations.
FEATURES OF THE VIOLATION OF HIGHER CORTICAL FUNCTIONS IN LOCAL BRAIN LESIONS
Authors: Abasova Salbi
Published: June 2024

Classical neurology divides the syndromes of dysfunction of the superior cortex with local brain damage into three main groups: agnosia, apraxia and aphasia. In addition to these disorders, there are also disorders that are more often manifested in the form of аlexia, agraphy, acalculia, amusia. There are clinical bases for dividing the main syndromes into agnosia, аpraxia and aphasia. In focal lesions of the brain, cognitive, motor or speech disorders prevail, especially in disorders of the functions of the superior cortex. In neuralgia, agnosia is explained as retained feelings, impaired perception against the background of emotions, and аpraxia is explained as impaired activity against the background of the preservation of simple motor functions. The noted violations do not manifest themselves in isolation, but, as a rule, accompanying each other.
Analisis Penerapan Manajemen Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja di Industri Alen-Alen
Authors: Jannah Wirdatul , Sitompul Maulida Neza Hayati , Nabilawati Sri , Hasibuan Abdurrozzaq
Published: June 2024

Industri pabrik memiliki risiko pekerjaan yang cukup tinggi sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya diperlukan manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3). Manajemen K3 merupakan salah satu upaya yang untuk meminimalisir risiko kecelakaan kerja dan bahaya dilapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan manajamen K3 pada industri pabrik kerupuk alen-alen di Lubuk Pakam, Kecamatan Deli Serdang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan cara melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada pemilik pabrik dan beberapa pekerja disana mengenai penerapan prinsip K3, kejadian kecelakaan, serta menganalisis potensi bahaya di lingkungan kerja pabrik alen-alen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan manajemen K3 belum cukup baik, hal ini dikarenakan minimnya pengetahuan para pekerja akan pentingnya penerapan K3. Hasil penelitian juga menjelaskan promosi K3 yang dilakukan peneliti yang diharapkan dapat  meningkatkan manajemen K3 yang lebih baik lagi  di industri Pabrik Alen-Alen.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Pengajian Al-Qur’an Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PAI
Authors: Junaidi Riskan , Damayanti Wiwik , Saputra Roja , Sari Novita , Gunawan Guntur , Istan Muhammad , Gusmuliana Paidi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Bagaimana Kegiatan ekstrakulikuler pengajian alquran dengan aktifitas belajar pada siswa SMA 4 Rejang Lebong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Mendeskripsikan Bagaimana pengaruh Kegiatan ekstrakulikuler pengajian alquran dengan aktifitas belajar pada siswa SMA 4 Rejang Lebong. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan kuesioner dengan sumber peneliti yaitu siswa kelas 10 penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan determinatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan ini tergolong "Cukup Baik" dengan skor variabel x sebesar 1226 dan y sebesar 1239, masing-masing dalam kategori “Baik” pada persentase 46-60%. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini memiliki pengaruh kuat atau tinggi terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa, dengan koefisien korelasi 0,84 dan determinasi 70,56%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan Pengajian Al-Qur’an membantu mengembangkan minat, bakat, dan pemikiran kritis siswa, serta meningkatkan prestasi baik di sekolah maupun dalam kegiatan tersebut.
DIAGNOSTIC CORRELATION OF ULTRASOUND AND THYROID FUNCTION TESTS IN EARLY THYROID DISEASES: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Arif , Khalid Malik Mairaj , Khan Imran
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Thyroid disease is a growing problem in young people and adolescents. Ultrasonography (US) serves as an optimal imaging modality for thyroid gland evaluation due to its ease of use, cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and absence of ionizing radiation. It is used for detecting the growth of lumps in the neck or adjacent structures and serves as a valuable tool for uncovering thyroid gland abnormalities and detecting lesions that cannot be felt manually alongside the use of thyroid function tests.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine if thyroid function tests (TFTs) and ultrasound characteristics are correlated in patients who report with palpable masses and neck swelling. This would allow for an evaluation of the usefulness of ultrasonography as a thyroid problem diagnostic tool.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study with 126 participants was carried out with an emphasis on symptomatic candidates who were 12 years of age or older. Participants had ultrasound exams and TFTs performed. Using standardized imaging techniques, ultrasound impressions were gathered, and the results were correlated with TFT reports.
RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the TFT reports, and ultrasound characteristics had a very strong positive link (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.694, p < 0.01). Among 126 participants, 69.8% exhibited abnormal thyroid function. Ultrasound identified various thyroid pathologies, including nodules, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, Hashimoto's disease, cysts, goiter, and thyroid atrophy.
CONCLUSION: The study underscores the clinical utility of ultrasound in diagnosing thyroid disorders. The strong correlation observed emphasizes ultrasound's complementary role in thyroid disease diagnosis. Integrating ultrasound into routine assessments can enhance diagnostic accuracy, enabling early intervention and personalized treatment plans. These insights advocate for a holistic approach to thyroid disease management, ensuring optimal outcomes and improved quality of life for affected individuals.
KEYWORDS: Thyroid disorders, thyroid function tests, ultrasound, diagnosis, correlation.
FREQUENCY OF SENSORY NEUROPATHY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT ULCER, ADMITTED TO A MEDICAL DEPRTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Iqbal Saleem , Mehr Muhammad Tariq , Ullah Naeem
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is linked to significant microvascular and macrovascular complications, posing considerable challenges to public health. Diabetic neuropathy stands out as a troublesome complication of diabetes, contributing to substantial morbidity, mortality, and a considerable economic burden. Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, is rapidly becoming a significant global challenge, carrying substantial social, health, and economic implications. Statistics suggest that in 2010, around 285 million individuals, accounting for approximately 6.4% of the adult population, were affected by this ailment on a global scale
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of peripheral sensory neuropathy in diabetic patients with diabetic foot ulcer admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.
METHODOLOGY: This descriptive Cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st November, 2020 to 30th April, 2021 in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. A total of 150 patients, between 14-70 years, of both gender, suffering from diabetes mellitus for at least 2 years, and fulfilling our inclusion criteria, were included. All diabetic patients with diabetic foot ulcer were examined for the presence or absence of sensory neuropathy clinically and later confirmed by nerve conduction studies.
RESULTS: In our study, 21% patients were in age 20-40 years, 37% patients were in age 41-60 years, 42% patients were in age 61-70 years. 89(59%) patients were male while 61(41%) patients were female. 39% patients had diabetes for 20 years. The frequency of diabetic sensory neuropathy was reported as 25%.
CONCLUSION: The frequency of peripheral sensory neuropathy secondary to diabetes is on the rise and calls for more better diabetes control in our population and increased awareness for early detection and interventions.
KEYWORDS: Sensory neuropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic foot ulcer.
Impact of Environmental, Social and Governance Factors on the performance of Fintech Companies in the UK
Authors: Amjad Usman , Nwankwo Thedore
Published: June 2024

This research proposal aims to carry out research about how financial technology (FinTech) firms in the UK stick to sustainability measures as compared to their counterparts. In addition, to carry out research regarding the effect of sustainability measures on the performance of FinTech companies' stock. Secondary data from peer-reviewed origins would be collected from sources like Financial Times, Bank of England, Bloomberg or the Financial Conduct Authority. Keywords: Sustainability, Environmental, Social, Governance, Climate change, Fintech.
Blockchain Adoption Among SMEs in Morocco: A qualitative study
Authors: Allam Khalid , Lalaoui Siham
Published: June 2024

Blockchain technology is considered a breakthrough and innovative solution to many business related problems and across various economic sectors such as finance, supply chain, retail, health care, tourisBlockm and travel industry, and education. For Small and Medium Enterprises, in particular, blockchain technology adoption could facilitate their digitalization initiatives, reduce transaction and financing costs, and help them access new international markets. In this qualitative exploratory study, the goal was to understand the factors that influence SMEs adoption of blockchain technology in Morocco. Face to face interviews were conducted with six professionals from various sectors of the economy. The Technology-organization-environment framework was used as the theoretical framework of the study. Findings revealed that SMEs intention to adopt blockchain is influenced by perceived benefits, size, culture, technological capabilities, government support, and government regulations. Recommendations for future research included the use of a mixed method approach in data collection and analysis and the integration of other theoretical frameworks in the study of blockchain adoption in Morocco.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis of cavernous tissues reveals the key roles of pericytes in diabetic erectile dysfunction
Authors: Bae Seo-Gyeong , Yin Guo Nan , Ock Jiyeon , Suh Jun-Kyu , Ryu Ji-Kan , Park Jihwan
Published: June 2024

Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects a significant proportion of men aged 40–70 and is caused by cavernous tissue dysfunction. Presently, the most common treatment for ED is phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors; however, this is less effective in patients with severe vascular disease such as diabetic ED. Therefore, there is a need for development of new treatment, which requires a better understanding of the cavernous microenvironment and cell-cell communications under diabetic condition. Pericytes are vital in penile erection; however, their dysfunction due to diabetes remains unclear. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to understand the cellular landscape of cavernous tissues and cell type-specific transcriptional changes in diabetic ED. We found a decreased expression of genes associated with collagen or extracellular matrix organization and angiogenesis in diabetic fibroblasts, chondrocytes, myofibroblasts, valve-related lymphatic endothelial cells, and pericytes. Moreover, the newly identified pericyte-specific marker, Limb Bud-Heart (Lbh), in mouse and human cavernous tissues, clearly distinguishing pericytes from smooth muscle cells. Cell-cell interaction analysis revealed that pericytes are involved in angiogenesis, adhesion, and migration by communicating with other cell types in the corpus cavernosum; however, these interactions were highly reduced under diabetic conditions. Lbh expression is low in diabetic pericytes, and overexpression of LBH prevents erectile function by regulating neurovascular regeneration. Furthermore, the LBH-interacting proteins (Crystallin Alpha B and Vimentin) were identified in mouse cavernous pericytes through LC-MS/MS analysis, indicating that their interactions were critical for maintaining pericyte function. Thus, our study reveals novel targets and insights into the pathogenesis of ED in patients with diabetes.
Deciphering the genetic code of neuronal type connectivity through bilinear modeling
Authors: Qiao Mu
Published: June 2024

Understanding how different neuronal types connect and communicate is critical to interpreting brain function and behavior. However, it has remained a formidable challenge to decipher the genetic underpinnings that dictate the specific connections formed between neuronal types. To address this, we propose a novel bilinear modeling approach that leverages the architecture similar to that of recommendation systems. Our model transforms the gene expressions of presynaptic and postsynaptic neuronal types, obtained from single-cell transcriptomics, into a covariance matrix. The objective is to construct this covariance matrix that closely mirrors a connectivity matrix, derived from connectomic data, reflecting the known anatomical connections between these neuronal types. When tested on a dataset of Caenorhabditis elegans, our model achieved a performance comparable to, if slightly better than, the previously proposed spatial connectome model (SCM) in reconstructing electrical synaptic connectivity based on gene expressions. Through a comparative analysis, our model not only captured all genetic interactions identified by the SCM but also inferred additional ones. Applied to a mouse retinal neuronal dataset, the bilinear model successfully recapitulated recognized connectivity motifs between bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells, and provided interpretable insights into genetic interactions shaping the connectivity. Specifically, it identified unique genetic signatures associated with different connectivity motifs, including genes important to cell-cell adhesion and synapse formation, highlighting their role in orchestrating specific synaptic connections between these neurons. Our work establishes an innovative computational strategy for decoding the genetic programming of neuronal type connectivity. It not only sets a new benchmark for single-cell transcriptomic analysis of synaptic connections but also paves the way for mechanistic studies of neural circuit assembly and genetic manipulation of circuit wiring.
Cell-autonomous role of leucine-rich repeat kinase in the protection of dopaminergic neuron survival
Authors: Kang Jongkyun , Huang Guodong , Ma Long , Tong Youren , Shahapal Anu , Chen Phoenix , Shen Jie
Published: June 2024

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, whether LRRK2 mutations cause PD and degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons via a toxic gain-of-function or a loss-of-function mechanism is unresolved and has pivotal implications for LRRK2-based PD therapies. In this study, we investigate whether Lrrk2 and its functional homolog Lrrk1 play a cell-intrinsic role in DA neuron survival through the development of DA neuron-specific Lrrk conditional double knockout (cDKO) mice. Unlike Lrrk germline DKO mice, DA neuron-restricted Lrrk cDKO mice exhibit normal mortality but develop age-dependent loss of DA neurons, as shown by the progressive reduction of DA neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) at the ages of 20 and 24 months. Moreover, DA neurodegeneration is accompanied with increases in apoptosis and elevated microgliosis in the SNpc as well as decreases in DA terminals in the striatum, and is preceded by impaired motor coordination. Taken together, these findings provide the unequivocal evidence for the cell-intrinsic requirement of LRRK in DA neurons and raise the possibility that LRRK2 mutations may impair its protection of DA neurons, leading to DA neurodegeneration in PD.
Parasitic Diseases of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Kim Heung Up
Published: June 2024

Korea was a hotspot for parasitic infections until modern times. However, following economic development, improved health and hygiene and farming methods, and successful implementation of active deworming programs, human parasites are rare. Currently, medical and scientific advances have improved the survival rate of elderly and immunocompromised hosts, and immunosuppressants are widely administered for treatment, which may predispose patients to parasitic and various opportunistic infections. Furthermore, globalization has led to the entry of an increasing number of individuals from various countries into Korea, which increases the risk of transmission of parasites from foreign countries into Korea. However, parasitic diseases will tend to disappear in Korea, which may lead to reduced proficiency and diagnostic rate of existing stool tests, and new diagnostic methods tailored to Korea are unavailable. Currently, endoscopy is widely used as a standard method for gastrointestinal disease evaluation in Korea, and endoscopically detected parasites or parasite-induced abnormalities are useful to establish diagnosis in many cases. In this article, the author summarize the current status of endoscopic detection of parasitic diseases affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Viral Infection in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Kim Hyun Jin
Published: June 2024

Viral infections of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract are not uncommon in clinical practice; however, these are frequently observed in immunocompromised patients and rarely in immunocompetent hosts. Compared with esophagitis, which may be associated with clinically significant outcomes, the stomach is a relatively rare site for opportunistic infections in immunocompetent patients. The most common clinically relevant upper GI tract viral infections include cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and herpes simplex virus infections. CMV esophagitis and gastritis, which primarily occur in immunocompromised patients, necessitate antiviral treatment, whereas immunocompetent patients typically respond to proton pump inhibitor administration. Most EBV-induced gastric infections are asymptomatic. However, EBV infection is a known etiological contributor to stomach cancer. EBV-associated gastric cancer shows distinctive clinical, pathological, genetic, and post-genetic mutation features and is therefore a clinically significant entity. Herpetic esophagitis usually affects immunocompromised patients and is uncommon in immunocompetent individuals. In this review, we discuss the general aspects and recent studies that have reported esophageal and gastric infections in immunocompromised patients.
Phenethyl isothiocyanate inhibits the carcinogenic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7.5.1 cells by activating MAPK/PI3K-Akt/p53 signaling pathways
Authors: Du Jiao , Zhang Yuting , Chen Jiajia , Jin Libo , Pan Liying , Lei Pengyu , Lin Sue
Published: June 2024

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited effective treatment options. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a bioactive substance present primarily in the cruciferous vegetables. PEITC has exhibited anti-cancer properties in various cancers, including lung, bile duct, and prostate cancers. It has been demonstrated that PEITC can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of SK-Hep1 cells, while effectively inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells. However, knowledge of its anti-carcinogenic effects on Huh7.5.1 cells and its underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the anti-carcinogenic effects of PEITC on human HCC Huh7.5.1 cells.

Methods

MTT assay and colony formation assay was performed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of PEITC against Huh7.5.1 cells. The pro-apoptosis effects of PEITC were determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay by flow cytometry (FCM), mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) measurement, and Caspase-3 activity detection. A DAPI staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was conducted to estimate the DNA damage in Huh7.5.1 cells induced by PEITC. Cell cycle progression was determined by FCM. Transwell invasion assay and wound healing migration assay were performed to investigate the impact of PEITC on the migration and invasion of Huh7.5.1 cells. In addition, transcriptome sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of PEITC on HCC. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to verify the transcriptome data.

Results

MTT assay showed that treatment of Huh7.5.1 cells with PEITC resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in viability, and colony formation assay further confirmed its anti-proliferative effect. Furthermore, we found that PEITC could induce mitochondrial-related apoptotic responses, including a decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, activation of Caspase-3 activity, and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. It was also observed that PEITC caused DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in the S-phase in Huh7.5.1 cells. In addition, the inhibitory effect of PEITC on the migration and invasion ability of Huh7.5.1 cells was assessed. Transcriptome sequencing analysis further suggested that PEITC could activate the typical MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and p53 signaling pathways, revealing the potential mechanism of PEITC in inhibiting the carcinogenic properties of Huh7.5.1 cells.

Conclusion

PEITC exhibits anti-carcinogenic activities against human HCC Huh7.5.1 cells by activating MAPK/PI3K-Akt/p53 signaling pathways. Our results suggest that PEITC may be useful for the anti-HCC treatment.
Efficacy of Fungicides and Plant Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas Incitant of Fusarium Wilt of Sweet Potato (Ipomeae batatas L.)
Authors: S. G. Haruna, , A. I. Muhammad, , S. H. Adamu, , S. Ahmed,
Published: June 2024

In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of some fungicides and some plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas (Fob). The experiments were conducted in the Plant Pathology Laboratory of the Department of Crop Protection, Bayero University Kano. Three fungicides (Mancozeb, Hexaconazole and Metalaxyl + coprous oxide) and sterile distilled water as control were arranged in a completely randomized design. The treatments were repeated five times. Mancozeb as the most promising fungicide against the fungus was used as a check, other treatments include; 25% aqueous neem leaf extract, 50% aqueous neem leaf extract,  25% aqueous garlic bulb extract, 50% aqueous garlic bulb extract, 25% aqueous callotropis leaf extract, 50% callotropis leaf extract and control. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design and repeated thrice. Data on radial growth and percent growth inhibition of the fungus were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance using GenStat 17th Edition. Among the fungicides tested against Fob, Mancozeb significantly had the least radial growth (13mm) and inhibited growth of the pathogen by 71.1% compared to the other fungicides. Bioassay on plant extracts revealed least radial growth of the fungus (36.7mm) and highest percent growth inhibition (43.5%) when 50% aqueous neem leaf extract was used. This differed significantly with the use of 25% aqueous neem leaf extract which caused 39.3 mm radial growth of the fungus and inhibited growth by 38.5%. This was followed by 50% and 25% callotropis leaf extract, respectively with lower fungal growth and higher percent growth inhibition compared to aqueous garlic bulb extract at the different concentrations, exhibiting similar effect on the growth of the fungus and its inhibition. Aqueous neem leaf extract (50%) contained higher phytochemicals than the other botanical extracts at the different concentrations. These phytochemicals are responsible for better suppression of Fob. Application of 50% aqueous neem leaf extract could be further evaluated as potential bio-pesticide to supplement the use of fungicide against Fusarium wilt of sweet potato.
Evaluation of Nigerian Television Authority’s Drama Programmes on Child Abuse among Residents of Abuja Municipal Area Council Federal Capital Territory Nigeria
Authors: Tsebee Kenneth Asor
Published: June 2024

Emotional abuse is a behavior that impairs a child's emotional development or sense of self-esteem. It may include threats, constant criticism as well as withholding love, support or guidance. Child prostitution is not only a cause of death and high morbidity of millions of children, but a gross violation of their rights. Hence, the aim of this study is to examine the perception and exposure of the residents of Abuja Municipal Area Council, on Nigerian Television Authority Drama Programmes on Child Abuse. A survey research design was adopted which was carried out in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, Abuja. The instrument used for the study was a structured questionnaire that was distributed to 385 participants within the Abuja Municipal Area Council. Descriptive analysis of simple percentage and Pearson Product Moment of Correlation (PPMC) were adopted for analysis. The findings revealed that a very limited number of the residents of Abuja Municipal Area Council were aware of Nigerian Television Authority drama programmes on child abuse with about 52.5%, however, 60% have good perception of the programme and the level of exposure to the proggramme is very low, with about 60% of the resident not exposed to the Nigerian Television Authority programme. It was further revealed that the Nigerian Television Authority Drama programmes in influencing your behaviour on issues of Child Abuse was effective. In conclusion, despite how the Nigerian Television Authority programme. It was further revealed that the Nigerian Television Authority Drama programmes in influencing your behaviour on issues of Child Abuse, the level of awareness and exposure among the residents was low. It was therefore, recommended that a multi-faceted approach to address the discrepancies be identified. This involves promotional campaigns to enhance awareness, ensuring broader accessibility to the programs, among others. This approach will the impact of Nigerian Television Authority drama programs and contribute to change in addressing child abuse concerns.
User Interface Design Analysis of Android-Based Sign Language Recognition Learning Media at Special Schools
Authors: Faisal  , Tjandi Yunus , Jaya Hendra
Published: June 2024

This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the user interface (UI) design of Android-based sign language recognition learning media used in special schools. In the context of educational inclusion, sign language learning plays an important role in facilitating effective communication for individuals with hearing loss. The use of mobile technology, such as Android applications, has offered an attractive solution to enhance sign language learning by providing flexible and affordable access.
However, the UI design of sign language learning apps does not always adequately consider the special needs of users, especially students with hearing impairment. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the UI design of existing Android-based sign language learning apps, focusing on accessibility, intuitiveness, and effectiveness in delivering learning content.
This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Waterfall model approach. This research method involves analyzing various aspects of UI design, including layout, navigation, use of symbols, and interactivity. Data was collected through direct observation of student use of the application and interviews with educators in special schools. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify strengths and weaknesses in the app's UI design.
The results showed that of the four instruments used in analyzing the UI design of this "AkuBisa" learning media application, using a Likert scale and a Guttman scale, the following results were obtained: needs analysis instrument with an average value of 3.45; media development storyboard instrument with an average value of 3.37; media display design instrument with an average value of 3.31; and Blackbox testing instrument with a percentage level of functionality reaching 100%. The results of testing and assessment of the four instruments show that the user interface design of android-based sign language recognition learning media is declared very valid in fulfilling the elements of accessibility, intuitiveness, and effectiveness as a learning media application and is very feasible to use as an alternative learning media for sign language recognition in special schools.
Egg Quality and Fecundity of Clarias gariepinus Broodstock Cultured at Different Water Depths in Indoor Concrete Tanks
Authors: A. J. Otoh, , J. P. Udoh , A. C. Okoko
Published: June 2024

Aims: To investigate the fecundity and egg quality of C. gariepinus broodstock raised at 0.50 m, 0.75 m and 1.0 m pond water depth.
Study Design:  Treatments were assigned using complete randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: Fish Farm Complex of the Akwa Ibom State University (AKSU), Nigeria.
Methodology: Nine female broodstock of C. gariepinus averaging 2.51 – 2.53 kg and 64.30 – 67.24 cm were raised for six months at 0.50 m, 0.75 m and 1.0 m pond water depth; referred to as treatments A, B and C, respectively Experimental fish were fed 42% crude protein commercial feed. The fecundity, relative fecundity, gonadosomatic index (GSI), egg weight and size were assessed.
Results: The results revealed that the egg quality significantly (P=.00) increased with the water depth of the broodstock culture tank. Egg weight and GSI values from treatment C (363.40±0.57 g and 14.40±0.01 %, respectively) were significantly (P = .007) higher than those of treatment A (267.30±0.06 g and 10.66± 0.06 %, respectively) but showed no significant difference with those of Treatment B (331.07±1.20; 13.09±0.04 %). The corresponding egg diameter (1.01±00; 1.08±0.03 and 1.21± 0.01g), fecundity and relative fecundity of broodstock also increased with pond water depth (P = .003): 182,120.0±503.67, 72.66±0.40 > 185,618.3± 745.98, 73.37±0.18 > 188, 967.1± 295.19, 74.89±0.18, respectively.
Conclusion: The water depth of the broodstock maintenance pond enhances fecundity and egg quality; it is better at 1.0 m depth for successful fry production. Broodstock may be maintained at lower pond water depths for growth purposes; prior to breeding.