bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of DNA preservation and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy indices of cortical and trabecular bone of metacarpals and metatarsals
Authors: Leskovar Tamara , Inkret Jezerka , Zupanič Pajnič Irena , Jerman Ivan
Published: September 2023

Shape, size, composition, and function of the bones in the human body vary on the macro, micro and nanoscale. This can influence changes caused by taphonomy and post-mortem preservation, including DNA. Highly mineralised compact bone is less susceptible to taphonomic factors than porous trabecular bone. Some studies imply that DNA can be better preserved in trabecular bone, due to remnants of the soft tissue or bacteria better digesting organic matter while not digesting DNA. The aim of this study was to understand the differences between compact (diaphyses) and trabecular (epiphyses) bone on a molecular level and thus the reasons for the better preservation of the DNA in the trabecular bone. The powder obtained from epiphyses and diaphyses of metacarpals and metatarsals was analysed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and compared. Samples with poorest DNA preservation originated from diaphyses, predominantly of metatarsals. They were characterised by higher concentrations of phosphates and crystallinity, while lower collagen quality in comparison to samples with the best DNA preservation. Epiphyses presented higher concentrations of better-preserved collagen while diaphyses had higher concentrations of carbonates and phosphates and higher crystallinity. Due to better-preserved collagen in the epiphyses, the soft tissue remnants hypothesis seems more likely than the bacteria hypothesis.
Novel genes and alleles of the BTB/POZ protein family in Oryza rufipogon
Authors: Mandal Swarupa Nanda , Sanchez Jacobo , Bhowmick Rakesh , Bello Oluwatobi R. , Van-Beek Coenraad R. , de los Reyes Benildo G.
Published: September 2023

The BTB/POZ family of proteins is widespread in plants and animals, playing important roles in development, growth, metabolism, and environmental responses. Although members of the expanded BTB/POZ gene family (OsBTB) have been identified in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa), their conservation, novelty, and potential applications for allele mining in O. rufipogon, the direct progenitor of O. sativa ssp. japonica and potential wide-introgression donor, are yet to be explored. This study describes an analysis of 110 BTB/POZ encoding gene loci (OrBTB) across the genome of O. rufipogon as outcomes of tandem duplication events. Phylogenetic grouping of duplicated OrBTB genes was supported by the analysis of gene sequences and protein domain architecture, shedding some light on their evolution and functional divergence. The O. rufipogon genome encodes nine novel BTB/POZ genes with orthologs in its distant cousins in the family Poaceae (Sorghum bicolor, Brachypodium distachyon), but such orthologs appeared to have been lost in its domesticated descendant, O. sativa ssp. japonica. Comparative sequence analysis and structure comparisons of novel OrBTB genes revealed that diverged upstream regulatory sequences and regulon restructuring are the key features of the evolution of this large gene family. Novel genes from the wild progenitor serve as a reservoir of potential new alleles that can bring novel functions to cultivars when introgressed by wide hybridization. This study establishes a foundation for hypothesis-driven functional genomic studies and their applications for widening the genetic base of rice cultivars through the introgression of novel genes or alleles from the exotic gene pool.
Opiorphin as a biomarker of orofacial conditions: a meta-analysis
Authors: Porporatti André Luís , de Oliveira Machado Claudia Aparecida , Alajbeg Ivan , Alajbeg Iva Z. , Paszynska Elzbieta , Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika , Braud Adeline , Boucher Yves
Published: September 2023

The aim of this meta-analysis was to answer the following question: “Are there any differences in opiorphin biomarker concentrations between different orofacial conditions and controls?”. Two reviewers searched for observational studies that evaluated the levels of opiorphin in orofacial conditions, annotated in seven main databases and three that compile gray literature. Of the 443 articles obtained initially, 8 met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analyses. Relative percentages showed a mean 24.1% higher opiorphin concentration in chronic conditions (Burning Mouth Syndrome, Oral Potentially Malignant Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorder) compared to controls; 33.2% higher opiorphin in sustained pain (Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis, Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis, Painful Oral Soft-tissue conditions); and 21.7% higher opiorphin after stimuli (Corneal Foreign Body, Capsaicin). Meta-analysis revealed a standardized mean difference of 0.62 [0.02, 1.22] in the absolute concentration of opiorphin in saliva for the chronic group compared to the control. The analogous values for the sustained group and the stimulated group were 2.24 [0.34, 4.14] and 0.43 [0.00, 0.85], respectively. No differences in opiorphin levels were found for ‘after Local Anesthesia before Tooth Extraction’ or for apicoectomy. Based on the available evidence, in general, a statistically higher level of opiorphin is found in orofacial conditions. Salivary opiorphin levels are elevated in chronic, persisted and acute pain conditions, presumably reflecting a physiological homeostatic adaptative response to different conditions such as stress or pain. Salivary opiorphin might therefore be used as a valuable biomarker in several oral disorders.
Effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on genomic instability in interventional radiology workers
Authors: Kochanova Dominika , Gulati Sachin , Durdik Matus , Jakl Lukas , Kosik Pavol , Skorvaga Milan , Vrobelova Katarina , Vigasova Katarina , Markova Eva , Salat Dusan , Klepanec Andrej , Belyaev Igor
Published: September 2023

Interventional radiologists are chronically exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation (IR), which may represent a health risk. The aim of the present study was to evaluate genomic instability by analyzing chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and 53BP1 DNA repair foci in peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiologists. Based on the IAEA guidelines on biodosimetry using dicentrics, the average protracted whole-body dose in radiologists were estimated. Since preleukemic fusion genes (PFG) are the primary events leading to leukemia, we also studied their presence by RT-qPCR and FISH. No significant difference in 53BP1 foci and incidence of PFG (MLL-AF4, MLL-AF9, AML1-ETO, BCR-ABL p190) was found in cells of interventional radiologists in comparison to controls. However, our results showed an increased frequency of micronuclei and various types of chromosomal aberrations including dicentrics in interventional radiologists. The average protracted whole body estimated dose was defined at 452.63 mGy. We also found a significantly higher amplification of the MLL gene segment and increased RNA expression in cells of interventional radiologists in comparison to controls. In conclusion, our results showed that long-term low-dose IR induces genomic instability in interventional radiologists.
Blue 405 nm LED light effectively inactivates bacterial pathogens on substrates and packaging materials used in food processing
Authors: Chen Hanyu , Cheng Yifan , Moraru Carmen I.
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the antimicrobial effectiveness of 405 nm light emitting diodes (LEDs) against pathogenicEscherichia coliO157:H7,Listeria monocytogenes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,SalmonellaTyphimurium, andStaphylococcus aureus, in thin liquid films (TLF) and on solid surfaces. Stainless steel (SS), high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), and borosilicate glass were used as materials typically encountered in food processing, food service, and clinical environments. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) coupons with nanoscale topography were used, to evaluate the effect of topography on inactivation. The impact of surface roughness, hydrophobicity, and reflectivity on inactivation was assessed. A 48 h exposure to 405 nm led to reductions ranging from 1.3 (E. coli) to 5.7 (S. aureus) log CFU in TLF and 3.1 to 6.3 log CFU on different solid contact surfaces and packaging materials. All inactivation curves were nonlinear and followed Weibull kinetics, with better inactivation predictions on surfaces (0.89 ≤ R2 ≤ 1.0) compared to TLF (0.76 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99). The fastest inactivation rate was observed on small nanopore AAO coupons inoculated withL. monocytogenesandS. aureus, indicating inactivation enhancing potential of these surfaces. These results demonstrate significant promise of 405 nm LEDs for antimicrobial applications in food processing and handling and the healthcare industry.
Higher harmonics and supercontinuum generated from the Kerr response time in different states of matter from a universal electromagnetic model
Authors: Alfano Robert R. , Mazhar Shah Faisal B.
Published: September 2023

There is a need for a universal model to describe higher harmonic generation (HHG) in different states of matter. Based on an electromagnetic model (EM), the generation of odd higher harmonic (HHG) and supercontinuum (SC) from intense fs and ps pulses for visible, NIR, and MIR lasers is simulated based on the parameters from experimental observation. HHG and SC depend critically on the different Kerr material response times τ from the ultrafast on the order of 100 as for electronic cloud distortion to fast ~ 10 fs from plasma and molecular redistribution and to the slower picoseconds rotational and vibrational molecular processes. The number of odd HHG generated is shown to depend critically on the fastest Kerr response time on the order of ~ 1 fs from electronic self-phase modulation (ESPM). In this study, different states of matter from noble gas Argon to condensed matter ZnO and LBG are simulated showing the dependence on the Kerr response time to produce HHG for various applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Engineering. The EM model is universal to produce HHG and SC in different states of matter.
Preventive effect of teriparatide on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rats
Authors: Park Kyeong-Mee , Lee Namkwon , Kim Jaeyeon , Kim Hyun Sil , Park Wonse
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of teriparatide (TPD) administration on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) before tooth extraction due to periodontal lesions in bilaterally ovariectomized female rats treated with zoledronic acid. Thirty skeletally mature Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (CONT, n = 10), zoledronic acid (ZA, n = 10), and zoledronic acid and teriparatide (ZA-TPD, n = 10). The rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Micro-computed tomography analysis of the tibia showed that bone mineral density was highest in the CONT, followed by that in the ZA and ZA-TPD groups (CONT/ZA, p = 0.009; CONT/ZA-TPD, p < 0.001; ZA/ZA-TPD, p < 0.001). In the trabecular bone analysis of the extraction site, significant differences in specific bone surface (CONT/ZA, p = 0.010; CONT/ZA-TPD, p = 0.007; ZA/ZA-TPD, p = 0.002) and trabecular thickness (CONT/ZA-TPD, p = 0.002; ZA/ZA-TPD, p = 0.002) were observed. Histological analyses of the extraction sites revealed characteristic MRONJ lesions in the ZA group. Osteonecrosis, inflammatory cells, and sequestrum were less frequently observed in the ZA-TPD group than in the ZA group. In conclusion, TPD administration before tooth extraction helped reduce the occurrence of MRONJ in rats treated with zoledronic acid, confirming its preventative effects.
Optimisation of soil washing method for removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil around oil storage tanks using response surface methodology
Authors: Zoghi Pouyan , Mafigholami Roya
Published: September 2023

Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), which are often found in soil, water, sediments, and air. These compounds are a type of pollutant that can have a serious negative impact on living things and human health. Soil washing method is a remediation technique used to remove contaminants from the soil. This process involves the use of water or other solvents to extract contaminants from the soil, followed by separation and disposal of the contaminated solution. This research engineered the effectiveness of soil washing method to remove TPHs from a genuine, sullied soil sample. After analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the Box-Benken Design (BBD) technique was used to optimize the variables that influence the process's effectiveness. A quadratic model was suggested based on the BBD design, correlation coefficients, and other factors. The minimum, maximum and mean removal of TPHs during the stages of the study were 63.5, 94.5 and 76.7%, respectively. The correlation between the variables was strong, as shown by the analysis of variance (ANOVA), F-value (1064.5) and P-value (0.0001), and the proposed model was highly significant. The most effective soil washing method (SWM) was obtained with pH 7.8, liquid to solid ratio 50:1, reaction time 52 min, surfactant concentration 7.9 mg kg−1, and three washings. A removal rate of 98.8% was accomplished for TPHs from the soil in this context. The kinetic results indicate that the kinetic of TPHs removal follows the first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.96). There was not a major difference in the process's efficiency based on temperature. The removal efficiency heightened from 0 to 150 rpm and then remained steady. Introducing air flow increased the rate of removal, and the combination of ultrasonic waves with the reaction environment increased the process efficiency and decreased the time for the process and the amount of times it needed to be washed. An analysis of the washed soil both physically and chemically revealed a substantial decrease in the concentration of other elements.
Alterations in step frequency and muscle activities using body weight support influence the ventilatory response to sinusoidal walking in humans
Authors: Fujita Mako , Kamibayashi Kiyotaka , Horiuchi Masahiro , Ebine Naoyuki , Fukuoka Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2023

The use of body weight support (BWS) can reveal important insights into the relationship between lower-limb muscle activities and the ventilatory response during sinusoidal walking. Here, healthy participants (n = 15) walked on a treadmill while 0%, 30%, and 50% of their body weight was supported with BWS. The walking speed was varied sinusoidally between 3 and 6 km h−1, and three different frequencies, and periods ranging from 2 to 10 min were used. Breath-by-breath ventilation ($${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

) and CO2 output ($${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

V
˙

CO
2

) were measured. The tibialis anterior (TA) muscle activity was measured by electromyography throughout the walking. The amplitude (Amp), normalized Amp [Amp ratio (%)], and phase shift (PS) of the sinusoidal variations in measurement variables were calculated using a Fourier analysis. The results revealed that the Amp ratio in $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

increased with the increase in BWS. A steeper slope of the $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

–$${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

V
˙

CO
2

relationship and greater $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

/$${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

V
˙

CO
2

values were observed under reduced body weight conditions. The Amp ratio in TA muscle was significantly positively associated with the Amp ratio in the $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

(p < 0.001). These findings indicate that the greater amplitude in the TA muscle under BWS may have been a potent stimulus for the greater response of ventilation during sinusoidal walking.
Utilizing patient-specific 3D printed kidney surgical guide with realistic phantom for partial nephrectomy
Authors: Ock Junhyeok , Kim Taehun , On Sungchul , Lee Sangwook , Kyung Yoon Soo , Kim Namkug
Published: September 2023

Partial nephrectomy has been demonstrated to preserve renal function compared with radical nephrectomy. Computed tomography (CT) is used to reveal localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, marking RCC directly and quantitatively on a patient's kidney during an operation is difficult. We fabricated and evaluated a 3D-printed kidney surgical guide (3DP-KSG) with a realistic kidney phantom. The kidney phantoms including parenchyma and three different RCC locations and 3DP-KSG were designed and fabricated based on a patient's CT image. 3DP-KSG was used to insert 16-gauge intravenous catheters into the kidney phantoms, which was scanned by CT. The catheter insertion points and angle were evaluated. The measurement errors of insertion points were 1.597 ± 0.741 mm, and cosine similarity of trajectories was 0.990 ± 0.010. The measurement errors for X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis in the insertion point were 0.611 ± 0.855 mm, 0.028 ± 1.001 mm, and − 0.510 ± 0.923 mm. The 3DP-KSG targeted the RCC accurately, quantitatively, and immediately on the surface of the kidney, and no significant difference was shown between the operators. Partial nephrectomy will accurately remove the RCC using 3DP-KSG in the operating room.
Colorimetric immunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen based on the glucose oxidase/MnO2 nanosheet cascade reaction with self-supplying oxygen
Authors: Yao Yuanzhi , Wang Jinhong , Wang Ziqi , Li Shenghua , Tan Hongliang
Published: September 2023

The immunoassay based on the integrated detection antibody, comprising GOx and anti-CEA in ZnCPs, allows for amplified colorimetric detection of CEA through a self-supplying oxygen cascade reaction involving GOx and MnO2.
Photo-induced scandium-catalyzed biomimetic skeleton conversion of lathyrane to naturally rare eupholathone Euphorbia diterpenes
Authors: Xu Jin-Bu , Wen Peng , Wang Neng , Li Xiaohuan , Li Jia-Hong , De Jonghe Steven , Schols Dominique , Chen Feng-Zheng , Gao Feng
Published: September 2023

A concise strategy for efficiently constructing naturally scarce eupholathones from abundant lathyranes is reported, which confirms the biogenetic relationship between them from a chemical standpoint.
Activation of alkynes by chalcogen bonding: a Se⋯π interaction catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 1,6-diynes
Authors: Pang Yuanling , Zhao Zhiguo , Wang Yao
Published: September 2023

The activation of alkynes was achieved by Se⋯π bonding, enabling cyclization of 1,6-diynes to take place.
Optical reflective metasurfaces enable spin-decoupled OAM and focusing
Authors: Xin Jinhao , Du Zhiqiang , Zhou Zekai , Song Zhengyong
Published: September 2023

By fine-tuning the geometric dimensions and orientation angle of the meta-atom, the geometric phase is combined with the propagation phase to produce an independent phase response, and different functions are presented on a single plasmonic metasurface.
Simulating the isotropic Raman spectra of O–H stretching mode in liquid H2O based on a machine learning potential: the influence of vibrational couplings
Authors: Shen Hujun , Shen Xu , Wu Zhenhua
Published: September 2023

Based on DeePMD simulations, we calculated the isotropic Raman spectra of the O–H stretching mode using the velocity–velocity correlation function (VVCF), showing that this approach can correctly capture the bimodal characteristics of the experimental Raman spectra.
Thermobaric history as a tool to govern properties of glasses: case of dipropylene glycol
Authors: Danilov Igor , Gromnitskaya Elena , Brazhkin Vadim
Published: September 2023

We observed not only pressure densification, but increasing of shear and bulk moduli of glasses with different thermobaric histories.
Theoretical calculations and experimental investigation toward the π-conjugated modulation in arylamine derivative-based hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wu Chengyu , Wang Ruiqin , Qi Jiayi , Chen Xin , Wu Fei , Liu Xiaorui
Published: September 2023

The π-conjugated modulation in carbazole-diphenylamine derivative-based hole transporting materials can effectively promote their hole mobility and the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
Polymer-assisted synthesis of Co3O4/CoO microballs decorated N-doped carbon for symmetric supercapacitor
Authors: Paramasivam Kiruthika , Manickam Sornalatha , Sivalingam Nallathambi Karthick , Kuzhandaivel Hemalatha
Published: September 2023

Symmetric device fabricated using Co3O4/CoO/N-doped carbon composites as positive and negative electrode for supercapacitors.
Phosphinoquinoline supported CoII, NiII, and FeII complexes: divergent behaviour upon reduction
Authors: Schiltz Pauline , Casaretto Nicolas , Bourcier Sophie , Auffrant Audrey , Gosmini Corinne
Published: September 2023

The reduction of a phosphinoquinoline supported CoII complex led to ligand coupling and the isolation of a CoII complex featuring a (PNNP) ligand, while the reduction of NiII complexes occured under the same conditions at the metal led to a Ni0 trimer.
Catalyst-free defluorinative alkylation of trifluoromethyls
Authors: Huang Yan , Wan Yuan-Cui , Shao Yu , Zhan Le-Wu , Li Bin-Dong , Hou Jing
Published: September 2023

A visible-light induced catalyst-free strategy was developed for the defluorinative alkylation of trifluoromethyls via CO2˙−. Various of trifluoromethyl derivatives and alkenes could participate in the reaction smoothly.
Synergizing mitigated spatial confinement and chemical stabilization of lignin facilitates full utilization of lignocellulose
Authors: Zheng Jiayi , Chen Liheng , Qiu Xueqing , Sun Shirong , Lin Xuliang
Published: September 2023

A novel concept is introduced for fractionating biomass, specifically softwood, by employing a unique strategy that combines chemical protection and mitigation of lignin spatial confinement during the extraction process.
Ultra-thin and ultra-porous nanofiber networks as a basement-membrane mimic
Authors: Graybill Philip M. , Jacobs Edward J. , Jana Aniket , Agashe Atharva , Nain Amrinder S. , Davalos Rafael V.
Published: September 2023

A high porosity (88%) and ultrathin (<3 μm) fibrous basement membrane mimic using (A) suspended nanofiber networks for a (B) brain endothelial–pericyte co-culture model. (C) Our approach achieved low cell membrane and nuclei separations.
Islet-on-chip: promotion of islet health and functionviaencapsulation within a polymerizable fibrillar collagen scaffold
Authors: Vanderlaan Emma L. , Sexton Joshua , Evans-Molina Carmella , Buganza Tepole Adrian , Voytik-Harbin Sherry L.
Published: September 2023

We present a novel, 3D-printed microphysiological system for performing multiparametric studies of islet health. Recreating components of thein vivomicroenvironmentviaa fibrillar collagen scaffold supports long-term survival and functionex vivo.
Self-standing boron nitride bulks enabled by liquid metals for thermal management
Authors: Jia Li-Chuan , Wang Zhi-Xing , Wang Lei , Zeng Jian-Feng , Du Pei-Yao , Yue Yun-Fei , Zhao Li-Hua , Jia Shen-Li
Published: September 2023

Thermally conductive materials (TCMs) are highly desirable for thermal management applications to tackle the “overheating” concerns in the electronics industry.
Computational investigation on lipid bilayer disruption induced by amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles: combined effect of Janus balance and charged lipid concentration
Authors: Nguyen Danh , Wu James , Corrigan Patrick , Li Ying
Published: September 2023

The anisotropic properties of Janus NPs are crucial for their ability to disrupt the negative-surface bacterial membrane model via the combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.
Covalent functionalisation controlled by molecular design for the aptameric recognition of serotonin in graphene-based field-effect transistors
Authors: Wetzl Cecilia , Brosel-Oliu Sergi , Carini Marco , Di Silvio Desiré , Illa Xavi , Villa Rosa , Guimera Anton , Prats-Alfonso Elisabet , Prato Maurizio , Criado Alejandro
Published: September 2023

This work introduces a controlled covalent functionalization using molecular design and electrochemical triggering, enabling monolayer-like functionalization of GFET while preserving graphene's electronic properties for monitoring of serotonin.
Polymer grafting on nitrone functionalized green silica via “grafting from” and “grafting to” approaches through enhanced spin capturing polymerization and a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Hakkim N. Lukkumanul , Nebhani Leena
Published: September 2023

Unlocking surface nitrones on green silica for innovative polymer grafting: Exploring "grafting from" and “grafting to” via enhanced spin capturing polymerization (ESCP) and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.
Guest-induced proton conductivity of two-dimensional layered hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks
Authors: Yang Jianjian , Yin Jianbo , Guo Qinglei , Xie Changsong , Yang Qianqian , Kong Zhihui , Kang Zixi , Wang Rongming , Sun Daofeng
Published: September 2023

We report the self-adaptability of 2D hydrophilic channels of HOFs to guest molecules based on the cyclic SCSC transformation. The studies indicate that the proton conductivity of HOFs depends on the guest-induced hydrogen bonding networks.
Unraveling the effect of carbon morphology evolution in hard carbons on sodium storage performance
Authors: Sun Huilan , Zhang Qiaoyan , Yuan Fei , Zhang Di , Li Zhaojin , Wang Qiujun , Wang Huan , Wang Bo
Published: September 2023

Na ions can be effectively inserted into carbon layers with suitable spacing and pseudo-graphitic domains play a crucial role in sodium storage. The plateau capacity is positively correlated with the proportion of pseudo-graphitic domains.
LiVTeO5: a mid-infrared nonlinear optical vanadium tellurate crystal exhibiting enhanced second harmonic generation activities and notable birefringence
Authors: She Yuheng , Jiao Jinmiao , Wang Zheng , Chai Jing , Jie Song , Ye Ning , Hu Zhanggui , Wu Yicheng , Li Conggang
Published: September 2023

A novel NLO tellurate crystal, LiVTeO5, was extracted via spontaneous crystallization. It features the attractive merits of a strong SHG response, a large band gap, a wide transmittance range, and a notable birefringence.
Chemoselective three-component synthesis of α-carbolines under metal-free conditions
Authors: Feng Wei , Zhang Chao , Zhou Xinlin , You Kuiyi , Deng Guo-Jun , Chen Shanping
Published: September 2023

An I2O5-promoted chemoselective three-component tandem reaction of indole-3-carboxaldehydes, ammonium acetate, and alkynes for the construction of α-carbolines under metal-free conditions has been described.
Influence of coordination structure of Fe-585DV/NxC4−x on the electrocatalytic performance of oxygen reduction reactions
Authors: Li Ren , Zhang Lei , Wang Yi , Bai Jinbo , Li Xiaolin , Zhang Chunmei
Published: September 2023

The coordination numbers of N in Fe-585DV/NxC4−x affect the electronic structure and magnetism of the system, and alter the ORR catalytic performance.
Fractographic mirror law for brittle fracture of nonlinear elastic soft materials
Authors: Kiyama Ryuji , Zheng Yong , Nonoyama Takayuki , Gong Jian Ping
Published: September 2023

The first fractographic mirror radius analysis for soft hydrogel materials was conducted. The universal −1 power law between fracture stress and mirror radius was established, in contrast to the different power law of linear elastic hard materials.
An aquatic biomimetic butterfly soft robot driven by deformable photo-responsive hydrogel
Authors: Guo Qinghao , Yang Wenguang , Liu Huibin , Wang Wenhao , Ge Zhixing , Yuan Zheng
Published: September 2023

Taking inspiration from the locomotor behaviors of a butterfly, we have developed an underwater soft robot that imitates its movements.
Self-limiting thin film deposition of amorphous metal oxides from aprotic solvents for oxygen evolution electrocatalysis
Authors: Prato M. Rafael A. , Fransaer Jan , Dominguez-Benetton Xochitl
Published: September 2023

We deposit self-limiting amorphous metal oxide films via in situ superoxide generation from dimethyl formamide, yielding efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysis and offering promise for environmentally-friendly energy technologies.
Dual tuning of the de-/hydrogenation thermodynamics and kinetics of the Mg–Ni alloy by introducing the Ag–H bond: enhanced hydrogen storage properties at moderate temperatures
Authors: Cao Wenchao , Ding Xin , Chen Ruirun , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhang Yong , Guo Jingjie , Fu Hengzhi
Published: September 2023

The onset dehydrogenation temperature of Mg85Ni14.8Ag0.2 reduces to 178 °C due to the enhanced hydrogen pumping effect of Mg2NiH4 by adjusting the Ni–H bond.
A pH-neutral bioactive glass empowered gelatin–chitosan–sodium phytate composite scaffold for skull defect repair
Authors: Zhu Bin , Liu Yu , Zhao Yanlei , Dou Xinyu , Wang Linbang , Min Shuyuan , Liu Xiaoguang , Qiu Dong
Published: September 2023

We designed and fabricated biodegradable, bioactive and mechanically robust porous scaffolds composed completely of biological materials, which are promising as a new candidate for skull defect repair.
Robust electron transport layers of SnO2 for efficient perovskite solar cells: recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Du Bin , He Kun , Tian Gangqi , Che Xiang , Song Lin
Published: September 2023

A brief history of SnO2-based PSCs development in recent years and the advantages of SnO2 as ETL.
Reconstruction of total solar irradiance variability as simultaneously apparent from Solar Orbiter and Solar Dynamics Observatory
Authors: Yeo K. L. , Krivova N. A. , Solanki S. K. , Hirzberger J. , Orozco Suárez D. , Albert K. , Albelo Jorge N. , Appourchaux T. , Alvarez-Herrero A. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , Gandorfer A. , Gutierrez-Marques P. , Kahil F. , Kolleck M. , del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Volkmer R. , Woch J. , Fiethe B. , Pérez-Grande I. , Sanchis Kilders E. , Balaguer Jiménez M. , Bellot Rubio L. R. , Calchetti D. , Carmona M. , Feller A. , Fernandez-Rico G. , Fernández-Medina A. , García Parejo P. , Gasent Blesa J. L. , Gizon L. , Grauf B. , Heerlein K. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Maue T. , Meller R. , Moreno Vacas A. , Müller R. , Nakai E. , Schmidt W. , Schou J. , Sinjan J. , Staub J. , Strecker H. , Torralbo I. , Valori G.
Published: September 2023

Solar irradiance variability has been monitored almost exclusively from the Earth’s perspective. We present a method to combine the unprecedented observations of the photospheric magnetic field and continuum intensity from outside the Sun-Earth line, which is being recorded by the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on board the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), with solar observations recorded from the Earth’s perspective to examine the solar irradiance variability from both perspectives simultaneously. Taking SO/PHI magnetograms and continuum intensity images from the cruise phase of the Solar Orbiter mission and concurrent observations from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) as input into the SATIRE-S model, we successfully reconstructed the total solar irradiance variability as apparent from both perspectives. In later stages of the SO mission, the orbital plane will tilt in such a way as to bring the spacecraft away from the ecliptic to heliographic latitudes of up to 33°. The current study sets the template for the reconstruction of solar irradiance variability as seen from outside the ecliptic from data that SO/PHI is expected to collect from such positions. Such a reconstruction will be beneficial to factoring inclination into how the brightness variations of the Sun compare to those of other cool stars, whose rotation axes are randomly inclined.
Coronal voids and their magnetic nature
Authors: Nölke J. D. , Solanki S. K. , Hirzberger J. , Peter H. , Chitta L. P. , Kahil F. , Valori G. , Wiegelmann T. , Orozco Suárez D. , Albert K. , Albelo Jorge N. , Appourchaux T. , Alvarez-Herrero A. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , Gandorfer A. , Germerott D. , Guerrero L. , Gutierrez-Marques P. , Kolleck M. , del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Volkmer R. , Woch J. , Fiethe B. , Gómez Cama J. M. , Pérez-Grande I. , Sanchis Kilders E. , Balaguer Jiménez M. , Bellot Rubio L. R. , Calchetti D. , Carmona M. , Deutsch W. , Feller A. , Fernandez-Rico G. , Fernández-Medina A. , García Parejo P. , Gasent Blesa J. L. , Gizon L. , Grauf B. , Heerlein K. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Lange T. , López Jiménez A. , Maue T. , Meller R. , Moreno Vacas A. , Müller R. , Nakai E. , Schmidt W. , Schou J. , Schühle U. , Sinjan J. , Staub J. , Strecker H. , Torralbo I. , Berghmans D. , Kraaikamp E. , Rodriguez L. , Verbeeck C. , Zhukov A. N. , Auchere F. , Buchlin E. , Parenti S. , Janvier M. , Barczynski K. , Harra L. , Schwanitz C. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Mandal S. , Teriaca L. , Long D. , Smith P.
Published: September 2023

Context. Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations of the quiet solar atmosphere reveal extended regions of weak emission compared to the ambient quiescent corona. The magnetic nature of these coronal features is not well understood.

Aims. We study the magnetic properties of the weakly emitting extended regions, which we name coronal voids. In particular, we aim to understand whether these voids result from a reduced heat input into the corona or if they are associated with mainly unipolar and possibly open magnetic fields, similar to coronal holes.

Methods. We defined the coronal voids via an intensity threshold of 75% of the mean quiet-Sun (QS) EUV intensity observed by the high-resolution EUV channel (HRIEUV) of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on Solar Orbiter. The line-of-sight magnetograms of the same solar region recorded by the High Resolution Telescope of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager allowed us to compare the photospheric magnetic field beneath the coronal voids with that in other parts of the QS.

Results. The coronal voids studied here range in size from a few granules to a few supergranules and on average exhibit a reduced intensity of 67% of the mean value of the entire field of view. The magnetic flux density in the photosphere below the voids is 76% (or more) lower than in the surrounding QS. Specifically, the coronal voids show much weaker or no network structures. The detected flux imbalances fall in the range of imbalances found in QS areas of the same size.

Conclusions. We conclude that coronal voids form because of locally reduced heating of the corona due to reduced magnetic flux density in the photosphere. This makes them a distinct class of (dark) structure, different from coronal holes.
Optimization of the supply chain network planning problem using an improved genetic algorithm
Authors: Zhao Liang , Xie Jing
Published: September 2023

The planning problem of supply chain network is highly related to logistics cost and product quality. In this paper, for the optimization of supply chain network planning problem, an agricultural product supply chain network under the direct docking model between farmers and supermarkets was taken as an example to establish an agricultural product supply chain network planning model with the lowest cost as the objective. Then, an improved genetic algorithm (GA) was designed to solve the model. The analysis of the arithmetic example showed that compared with the traditional GA, the total cost obtained by the improved GA was lower, at 39,004.48 $, which was 6.5% less than that of the traditional GA; the solution result of the improved GA was also superior to that of other heuristic algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization and ant colony optimization. The experimental results demonstrate the optimization effectiveness of the improved GA for the supply chain network planning problem, and it can be applied in practice.
Hemodynamics and Diastolic Function after Native Aortic Valve Preserving vs. Replacing Surgery
Authors: Holst Theresa , Hua Xiaoqin , Sinning Christoph , Waschki Benjamin , Reichenspurner Hermann , Girdauskas Evaldas , Petersen Johannes
Published: September 2023

Background Alterations in left ventricular (LV) diastolic function following native tissue-preserving aortic valve (AV) procedures have not been systematically investigated. Furthermore, no comparisons have been made between these changes and those observed after prosthetic AV replacement.

Methods From October 2017 to August 2020, 74 patients aged <65 years were referred to our institution for elective AV surgery. Preoperative and postoperative (i.e., discharge, 3-month and 1-year follow-up) transthoracic echocardiography was analyzed.

Results Native tissue-preserving surgery was performed in 55 patients (AV repair: n = 42, Ross procedure: n = 13). The remaining 19 patients underwent prosthetic AV replacement. Preoperatively and at discharge, transvalvular hemodynamics and LV diastolic function were comparable in both groups. At 1-year follow-up, native valve (NV) patients showed significantly lower mean transvalvular gradient (7 ± 5 vs. 9 ± 3 mmHg, p = 0.046) and peak velocity (1.74 ± 0.51 vs. 2.26 ± 0.96 m/s, p = 0.004), and significantly better septal e′ (9.1 ± 2.7 vs. 7.7 ± 2.5 cm/s, p = 0.043) and lateral e′ (14.7 ± 3.1 vs. 11.7 ± 3.7 cm/s, p = 0.001). From preoperatively to 1-year postoperatively, septal and lateral e′ and E/e′ improved markedly after NV preservation (septal e′: +0.7 cm/s, p = 0.075; lateral e′: +2.3 cm/s, p < 0.001; E/e′: −1.5, p = 0.001) but not after AV replacement (septal e′: +0.2 cm/s, p = 0.809; lateral e′: +0.8 cm/s, p = 0.574; E/e′: −1.2, p = 0.347). Significant negative linear correlations between postoperative transvalvular gradients and absolute changes in lateral e′ and E/e′ were detected during follow-up.

Conclusion Preservation of native tissue in AV surgery results in superior transvalvular hemodynamics compared with prosthetic AV replacement. This may induce faster LV reverse remodeling and may explain more pronounced improvement in LV diastolic function.
Computed Tomography of Chest in Non-Infectious Granulomatous Lung Diseases: A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Joshi Anagha Rajeev
Published: September 2023

Non-infectious granulomatous lung diseases represent a group of disorders with relatively non-specific clinical history and imaging findings. Following pathologies are enlisted, (1) Inflammatory: sarcoidosis and necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG); (2) Pulmonary lymphoid lesions: lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) and granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD); (3) Aspiration/exposure: aspiration pneumonia, talcosis, berylliosis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP); (4) Vasculitis: granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA) (formerly called as Churg-Strauss syndrome); and (5) Collagen vascular disorders: rheumatoid lung nodules. Role of radiologist is to narrow the diagnosis combining the imaging findings with clinical findings thus following a multidisciplinary approach.
Role of MRI in Treatment Planning of Endometrial CA
Authors: Gulati Parveen , Agarwal Ankita , Gulati Vaibhav
Published: September 2023

Purpose Endometrial carcinoma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women. It is the fourth most common cancer in women and its incidence is rising. Clinical examination and endometrial sampling form the mainstay of diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to its superb soft tissue contrast can play an important role in the management of the disease. The present article reviews the role of MRI to exclude mimics, confirm the diagnosis, stage the disease, and in the follow-up of a patient with carcinoma of the endometrium.

Method Using online databases including PubMed and Medline, literature was reviewed to assess the role of MRI to confirm the diagnosis, stage the disease, and follow-up in a patient of carcinoma endometrium. The examples published were taken from a personal file of cases.

Results MRI with newer sequences like dynamic contrast studies and diffusion-weighted imaging can play an important role in excluding mimics, staging, and in the follow-up of the patient.

Conclusion MRI with advanced sequences is the imaging modality of choice in pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with endometrial carcinoma. It is the most sensitive imaging modality to evaluate myometrial invasion and early involvement of the cervix.
Role of Imaging in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kohli Anirudh
Published: September 2023

In the last 2 years, we have seen the most unprecedented times of our lives. The pandemic appears to be petering off and hopefully will become endemic. These 2 years have been a significant learning experience with many new imaging techniques, medical and social concepts introduced. Also, along the pandemic course, numerous articles and editorials were penned on new learnings, as well as new thoughts on controlling and mitigating the suffering of those afflicted. From a collection of editorials and articles in The Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging (IJRI) on the pandemic, this review is constructed to put imaging-related facts in a perspective.1
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11 Even though the pandemic may have petered off, this will serve as a memory, as well as repository of information for future pandemics.
Prospective Evaluation of the Efficacy of Isolated Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty: Short- and Medium-term Follow-up Results Based on Tubomanometry, ETDQ-7, Tympanometry, and Valsalva Maneuver
Authors: Azevedo Cátia , Moreira Filipa , Lima António Fontes , Mar Fernando Milhazes , Vilarinho Sérgio , Dias Luís
Published: September 2023

Introduction Balloon eustachian tuboplasty (BET) allows the treatment of the main etiology of eustachian tube disfunction (ETD).

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of isolated BET, through objective and subjective results, in the short and medium term, in patients with chronic obstructive ETD.

Methods Adult patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive ETD who underwent BET between January 2018 and December 2020 were enrolled in the study. We performed a prospective observational study of BET efficacy, by comparing subjective data, based on the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7), and objective data, obtained by tympanometry, objective Valsalva maneuver and tubomanometry, prior to BET with these outcome tools on postprocedure follow-up.

Results In total, 30 BETs were performed and analyzed. There were no complications with the procedure. Analysis of BET efficacy was performed in the short-term (average of 7.5 weeks) and in the medium-term (average of 8 months). There was a significant reduction (p < 0.0001) in the total ETDQ-7 score from baseline to both follow-up periods. A normalization of the ETDQ-7 score was observed in 60 and 83.3% of the performed procedures, in the short- and medium-term, respectively. In tubomanometry, we verified a significant improvement (p < 0.0001) at all pressures, with a normalization of tubomanometry values in 53.3% and 43.3% of cases in the short- and medium-term, respectively. Tympanogram normalization occurred in 71.4% of patients with abnormal preoperative assessments.

Conclusion As an isolated procedure, BET results in significant improvements in symptomatology and objective metric results. This, associated with its safety profile, currently makes BET the most indicated therapeutic option in refractory obstructive ETD.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Two Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Devices to Manage Cesarean Section Incisions
Authors: Goldman Theodore , Costa Ben
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to evaluate whether there is a device-dependent effect on the reduction of surgical site complications in obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) undergoing cesarean section (C-section). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for the period, January 2011 to September 2021. English language articles describing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared either a −80 or −125 mm Hg single-use negative pressure wound therapy (sNPWT) device to standard dressings in obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) patients undergoing C-section were included. Conference abstracts and “terminated” RCTs with published results were deemed eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome of interest was surgical site infection (SSI), classified as composite, superficial, or deep. Secondary outcomes assessed included seroma, dehiscence, hematoma, bleeding, reoperation, readmission, blistering, and (composite) wound complications. A total of 223 titles were identified, of which 129 were screened by full-text review. Eleven RCTs encompassing 5,847 patients met the inclusion criteria and were considered eligible for further analysis (−80 mm Hg: six studies; −125 mm Hg: five studies). A statistically significant improvement in the composite SSI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.89) and superficial SSI (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.50–0.86) outcomes was observed with the −80 mm Hg device, compared with standard dressings. The same effect on SSI outcomes was not observed with the −125 mm Hg device (composite SSI—OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.64–1.28; superficial SSI—OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.70–1.78). There were no statistically significant differences in any of the other assessed outcomes. sNPWT devices may differ in their ability to reduce composite or superficial SSI after C-section.

Key Points
A split Hopkinson pressure bar for experimental investigation of dynamic pulverization under very high strain rates
Authors: Jayawickrama Eranga Gayanath , Sekiguchi Takuma , Muto Jun , Sawa Sando , Nagahama Hiroyuki , Kono Yoshio , Bae Kyung-Oh , Shin Hyung-Seop
Published: September 2023

Off-fault damage or pulverized rocks found in large-scale strike–slip faults are of great interest in earthquake research. In order to experimentally investigate rock pulverization, we developed a split Hopkinson pressure bar with compact dimensions and high-speed imaging. The developed experimental setup is capable of generating very high strain rates up to 1320 s−1 with the satisfaction of stress equilibrium, which are essential to reproduce the dynamic pulverization observed in nature and obtain dynamic stress–strain responses accurately. High-speed imaging revealed that cracks initiate and propagate along the grain boundaries at very high speeds, while the dynamic stress–strain response suggested that energy dissipated into the fracture increases with stronger impacts. In addition, we show that the apparatus is capable of producing particle size distributions partly similar to those in naturally pulverized rocks of large-scale strike–slip faults. Thus, our developed system with compact dimensions opens new ways to understand the dynamics of the rock pulverization in off-fault regions of large-scale strike–slip faults.
Tribotronic and electrochemical properties of platinum–nanofluid interfaces formed by aqueous suspensions of 5 and 40 nm TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Seed C. M. , Acharya B. , Nunn N. , Smirnov A. I. , Krim J.
Published: September 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be highly beneficial as additives to lubricating fluids, and the tribotronic response of charged NPs tuned by external fields represents an area of great technological potential. Tribotronic response, however, is expected to be highly size dependent, which represents a significant design challenge. To explore this issue, quartz crystal microbalance and cyclic voltammetry were employed to characterize nanotribological and electrochemical behavior of platinum–nanofluid interfaces formed by aqueous suspensions of different-sized negatively charged titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs. Suspensions of 5, 40, and 100 nm NPs were all observed to reduced interfacial frictional drag forces upon introduction into pure water in zero field conditions, with reductions for the 40 nm NPs about twice those of 5 nm particles at comparable concentrations. Suspensions of 100 nm NPs produced even greater reductions, but rapidly precipitated from the suspension when left unstirred. NPs were also driven to and from Pt electrode surfaces by applying external electric fields with varying amplitudes and modulation frequencies. For electric fields of sufficient amplitude and duration, the 40 nm TiO2 nanosuspension exhibited tribological properties consistent with a reversible electrophoretic deposition of the NPs, accompanied by changes in the electrochemical attributes and increasing interfacial drag. The 5 nm NP properties were consistent with progressive reductions in interfacial drag forces at the NP–suspension interface linked to field-induced increases in concentration.