bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTECTION AND REGULATION OF CHILDREN’S NON‑PROPERTY RIGHTS IN LITHUANIA AND POLAND
Authors: Perkumierě Dalia , Vitkutě Zvezdinieně Iveta , Pacian Jolanta
Published: May 2017

Ochrona i regulacja praw niemajątkowych przysługujących dzieciom na Litwie i w PolsceStreszczenie Każde dziecko, powinno korzystać z wszystkich powszechnych praw człowieka. Dziecko, musi mieć zagwarantowane określone prawa, typowe tylko dla tej grupy osób. Pierwsze zmiany związane z dyskusją i oceną sytuacji dziecka w rodzinie i społeczeństwie rozpoczęły się na początku XX wieku. Jednak jedna z najważniejszych zmian nastąpiła dopiero po przyjęciu Konwencji Praw Dziecka przez Organizację Narodów Zjednoczonych. Konwencja ONZ o prawach dziecka definiuje dwa podstawowe przepisy ‒ po pierwsze, dziecko musi stać się niezależnym podmiotem prawnym, po drugie dziecko musi być wyposażone w prawo czynnego udziału w realizacji i ochronie przysługujących mu praw. W 1992 roku Litwa przystąpiła do Konwencja o prawach dziecka. Polska ratyfikowała Konwencję 7 czerwca 1991 r. Dzięki przestrzeganiu zobowiązań międzynarodowych, Litwa i Polska zbudowały system ochrony praw dziecka. Powstały warunki prawne do zmiany postawy wobec dziecka, leczenia ich oraz ich statusu w rodzinie i społeczeństwie. Celem referatu jest analiza aspektów teoretycznych i praktycznych w zakresie regulacji i ochrony praw niemajątkowych dzieci.
Level Of ICT Usage and Perceived Attributes among Academicians
Authors: Mat Yusof Marlita , Hashim Nurhazirah , Mohd Tobi Siti Noraini
Published: May 2017

This study applies Structural Equation Model for ICT usage in Higher Education (Usluel, Askar & Bass 2008) attempts to identify the level of ICT usage among academicians in UiTM and UNISEL, two higher institutions representing the public and private sector respectively. Subsequently, the relationship between the perceived attributes and the level of ICT usage among academicians is presented. This paper compares the difference and the most influential attributes of the aforementioned between the public and private learning institution. This paper concludes that there is a significant relationship between perceived attributes and the level of ICT usage among UITM and UNISEL academicians. However, UiTM registers compatibility whilst UNISEL records observability as their most influential perceived attribute that leads to the level of ICT usage. The findings of this research were made through questionnaire distributed to academicians from both institutions and the analysis was carried out to verify the hypotheses.
Psychological Concepts of Activity Theory in Child Neuropsychology
Authors: Solovieva Yulia , Quintanar Luis
Published: May 2017

Neuropsychology is the part of psychology, which studies the relation between psychological and brain level of organization of human activity. It is possible to identify specific mechanisms or components of psychological processes related to the functioning of special brain zones. Such a study can be based on different general psychological theories. From the point of view of activity theory approach these components can be understood as psycho-physiological structural and systemic mechanisms of actions and operations fulfilled by a subject in the context of one or another general activity. In other words, neuropsychological level of analyses could be understood as the elementary level of human activity. Neuropsychological analysis can be organized as assessment of actions and not of isolated functions. The present study shows how functional disorders of psychophysiological mechanisms can affect the fulfillment of the same actions of children with learning disabilities. The discussion stresses the importance of inclusion of the terms of activity theory to the practice in neuropsychology.
Avaliação dos riscos envolvidos na produção de milho e soja nos municípios do Mato Grosso
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Aparecida Castro , Soares Aline Fernanda
Published: May 2017

A agricultura opera com instabilidade de produção principalmente devido a fatores imprevisíveis que afetam a cultura. Por esse motivo, as seguradoras têm dificuldade de quantificar o risco exato associado aos municípios produtores, principalmente no estado de Mato Grosso. Não existem estudos claros associados à segmentação e quantificação desse risco em uma escala menor. Diante desse fato, o trabalho buscou quantificar e segmentar o risco de produção de milho e soja no estado Mato-Grossense por meio de análises de agrupamento. Para o agrupamento das médias, foi adotada a metodologia não hierárquica de agrupamento denominada K-means, onde se obteve sete clusters. O risco associado à cada cluster foi estimado com base no cálculo do coeficiente de variação da média de produtividade de milho e soja entre os municípios. O trabalho apresentou variação na taxa de risco entre os clusters principalmente considerando a produtividade de milho; os municípios do cluster número 3 (Porto Alegre do Norte, Serra Nova Dourada, Santa Terezinha, Jangada, Barra do Bugres e Porto Estrela) apresentaram as maiores taxas de risco (10,2%) e podem ser desconsiderados da carteira de crédito das seguradoras; e, para a soja, as taxas de riscos entre os clusters foram similares devido à estabilidade produtiva até o momento. Nesse cenário, sugere-se que as seguradoras trabalhem com prêmios menores e introduzam programas de subvenção ao seguro rural naqueles municípios com risco individual elevado.
La ciudadanía cubana. Mirando alrededor y al pasado para resolver un problema de hoy
Authors: Prieto Valdés Martha
Published: May 2017

El tratamiento de la ciudadanía ha sido algo contradictorio a través de la historia; de institución de derecho civil que diferenciaba a los hombres y le permitía la implicación en el espacio público, ha llegado a ampliar las fronteras en el propio “envase” de lo público, con incidencia directa en lo civil y lo social. Es fórmula que sirve no solamente para la inclusión de unos, sino de participación plena de todos en la toma de decisiones y en la protección de la vida. Mirando a Cuba, el estudio se realiza desde lo histórico hacia el presente, para identificar principios rectores en las regulaciones constitucionales, con la finalidad de dar luces para la solución de problemáticas presentes en torno a la dos y la doble ciudadanía.
Bases para un ius commune privado latinoamericano: breve análisis de objeciones y materiales jurídicos
Authors: Tito Añamuro John Alberto
Published: May 2017

El presente trabajo propone sentar unas bases para construir un ius commune privado latinoamericano, a cuyo efecto examina las secuencias jurídicas regulares desde el derecho indiano hasta el derecho positivo actual, y defiende que, previo a todo intento de armonización positiva, es relevante la creación de una cultura jurídica común latinoamericana. Un primer paso para ello es formular un programa de trabajo que unifique lo asistemático de las propuestas de uniformización jurídica actuales.
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif Untuk Pembelajaran Berbicara Bagi Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rosita Farida Yufarilina
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan media pembelajaran berbicara untuk siswa kelas IV SD berupa software yang dilengkapi dengan panduan sebagai bahan pendukung dalam mengoperasikan media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan dua model pengembangan, yaitu model R2D2 dan model Dick and Carey dengan sifat saling melengkapi. Validasi dilakukan oleh tiga ahli dan satu praktisi dalam bidangnya, serta uji coba lapangan kepada siswa untuk mendapatkan produk yang akurat. Poin-poin yang divalidasi adalah isi, penyajian, dan kelayakan bahasa. Nilai terakhir hasil validasi media pembelajaran adalah 87,33%, sedangkan hasil validasi buku panduan adalah 92,5%. Berdasarkan kualifikasi yang telah ditentukan, media pembelajaran ini memenuhi kualifikasi nilai 85-100%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media ini sangat layak digunakan siswa kelas IV SDN 2 Sukosari, Dagangan, Madiun.
Kemampuan Menentukan Arah Mata Angin Pada Siswa Kelas I SD Muhammadiyah 4 Batu
Authors: Wahyuningrum Lilis
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendiskripsikan penerapan permainan Treasure Hunt dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menentukan arah mata angin Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan  kelas yang terdiri dari  2 siklus. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 1  SD Muhammadiyah 4 Batu.  Sumber  data  primer berasal dari siswa melalui tes unjuk kerja dengan cara menghadap arah mata angin sesuai instruksi. Sedangkan sumber data sekunder adalah data nilai karakter siswa pada saat pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif komparatif, yaitu membandingkan data kuantitatif dari kondisi awal, siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa perbaikan pembelajaran di kelas, dengan menggunakan media kompas dan metode bermain Treasure Hunt terjadi peningkatan hasil evaluasi belajar baik secara individu maupun klasikal.  Hal ini terjadi karena siswa diajak bermain sambil belajar, sehingga mereka mempunyai pengalaman yang menyenangkan dan mengasyikkan meskipun ada tugas yang harus dikerjakan. Jadi kemampuan menentukan arah mata angin pada siswa kelas 1 SD Muhammadiyah 4 Batu dapat ditingkatkan melalui penerapan permainan Treasure Hunt.  Dan  penerapan  permainan Treasure Hunt dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa menentukan arah mata angin sebesar 18,8%  yaitu dari siklus 1 65,6% meningkat menjadi 84,4%  pada siklus 2.
Penerapan Model Group Investigation Berbasis Kontekstual Pada Pembelajaran Fisika di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: SMAN 3 Lumajang Prayudi
Published: May 2017

Tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar melalui penerapan model Group Investigation dalam pelajaran Fisika, (2) mengetahui respon siswa terhadap penerapan model Group Investigation dalam pelajaran Fisika, dan (3) mengetahui kendala yang mungkin terjadi dalam penerapan model Group Investigation. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 3 Lumajang dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif bersifat deskriptif. Data penelitian berupa observasi, tes dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) penerapan model Group Investigation dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dari rata-rata 73,40 dengan daya serap 73,40% dan ketuntasan belajar 57,10% pada siklus 1, meningkat menjadi rata-rata 76,1 dengan daya serap 76,10% dan ketuntasan belajar 82,80% pada siklus 2; (2) penerapan model pembelajaran Group Investigation dapat menumbuhkan respon positif siswa dengan rata-rata respon siswa 36,8 pada siklus 1 menjadi 38,7 pada siklus 2; (3) penerapan model Group Investigation dalam pelajaran Fisika mengalami beberapa kendala pada siklus 1 yaitu masih terdapatnya anggota kelompok yang kurang aktif dan ragu dalam mengemukakan pendapat.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Permainan Ular Tangga Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa dan Hasil Belajar IPS di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Afandi Rifki
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran permainan ular tangga dalam pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial (IPS) di sekolah dasar untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar siswa. Salah satu permasalahan pendidikan adalah minimnya sarana dan prasarana, sehingga guru dituntut kreatif  dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dikelas, seperti mengembangkan media pembelajaran. Salah satu media pembelajaran  yang menarik dan mengatasi kebosanan siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis permainan, seperti penerapan media pembelajaran permainan ular tangga. Penelitian ini mengembangkan media pembelajaran permainan ular tangga dalam pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial (IPS) di sekolah dasar. Pengembangan penelitian mengadobsi model 4D dari model Thiagarajan, dkk . yaitu define, design, develop, dan  dissaminate. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam  penelitian melalui observasi, pemberian angket, dan tes.  implementasi media pembelajaran permainan ular tangga dilaksanankan uji coba dua, uji coba penelitian dilaksanakan di SDI Yapita Surabaya. Hasil implementasi media pembelajaran permainan ular tangga motivasi belajar siswa meningkat 66,7% pada aspek keaktifan belajar dan semangat belajar, sedangkan aspek ketertarikan motivasi belajar siswa meningkat 70%. Sedangkan hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan 40% dari 55% siswa yang mencapai nilai dibawah KKM (kriteria ketuntasan minimun) menjadi 100% semua siswa mencapai nilai diatas KKM (kriteria ketuntasan minimum).
Sikap Guru dan Tingkat Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi di Kelas Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di SMA 3 dan SMK 1 Muhammadiyah Kota Batu
Authors: FKIP Sudiran
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:  (1) mengungkap sikap guru terhadap pemaanfaatan teknologi informasi internet sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di SMA. (2) Menjelaskan tingkat kemampuan guru dalam penerapan teknologi informasi komunikasi dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah. (3) Menguraikan hubungan sikap guru terhadap internet dan tingkat kemampuannya menggunakan internet sebagai media pembelajaran di sekolah, dan (4) mendeskripsikan tingkat frekuensi guru dalam mengakses internet sebagai media pembelajaran di sekolah.Penelitian menggunakan desain metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif (mixing), yang terdiri dari dua prosedur: (1) rancangan kuesioner, dan (2) penggunaan interview. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA 3 Muhammadiyah dan SMK 1 Muhammadiyah di kota Batu.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki sikap positif terhadap pentingnya penggunaan teknologi informasi komunikasi internet sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa Inggris, guru memiliki tingkat kemampuan yang Baik ketika menggunakan teknologi informasi komunikasi dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara sikap guru terhadap TIK dan tingkat penguasaanya sebagai media pembelajaran, dan kesulitan yang dihadapi guru dalam memanfaatkan internet sebagai media pendidikan di sekolah ada dua yaitu (1) tantangan atau kesulitan teknis dan (2) kesulitan non teknis.
Formulir Berlangganan Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran
Authors: Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Formulir Berlangganan
Published: May 2017

Kepada Yth. Redaksi Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran (JINoP)Kampus III Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangGedung Kuliah Bersama (GKB) 1 Lantai 6Kantor Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Ruang Sidang FKIP (614)Jl. Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144, Telp. (0341) 464318; Fax :(0341) 460782Email : jinopfkip@umm.ac.id
Implementación de Central Telefónica Asterisk sobre Raspberry incluyendo Tarifación y Seguridad para el Usuario
Authors: Salgado Mantilla Kathy Valeria , Acosta Buenaño Freddy Roberto , Fiallos Silva Christian Israel , González Hernández Andrés Ricardo , Haro Báez Raúl Vinicio
Published: May 2017

En este artículo se encuentra la descripción de un sistema completo de comunicación donde se saca provecho a todas las particularidades que una central telefónica pueda ofrecer, dirigida especialmente para medianas o pequeñas empresas que busquen el mejor sistema de comunicación por VoIP a un menor costo. Se destacan aspectos como la utilización de software gratuito de telefonía disponible, como Asterisk,  para la implementación de la central telefónica y un sistema de tarifación con licencia libre llamado Servitux, el cual se utilizó para el control y cobro de cada llamada externa, también se manejó hardware de bajo costo, como es la tarjeta Raspberry Pi, donde se buscó aprovechar las ventajas del sistema operativo dando más seguridad por medio de programación en lenguaje php y html, brindando la posibilidad del cambio de clave para cada una de las diferentes extensiones en la central. Finalmente se realizan pruebas de estrés utilizando el software de licencia libre SIPp, definiendo la capacidad del sistema. También por medio de un análisis MOS queda demostrado que se puede satisfacer las necesidades del cliente en cuanto a la calidad y confiabilidad en el servicio de voz QoE.
Venymämitat kontinuumimekaniikassa Hillin-Sethin mukaan
Authors: Mikkola Martti
Published: May 2017

Suhteellinen muodonmuutos kontinuumimekaniikassa voidaan määrittaa usealla tavalla. R. Hill ja B.R. Seth ovat esittäneet yleisen kaavan, jonka mukaan useat suhteellisenmuodonmuutoksen mitat voidaan määrittää. Artikkelissa kyseista kaavaa sovelletaan tavallisimpiin venymämäärittelyihin mukaan lukien H. Henckyn esittämä logaritminen venymä. Myösvenymänopeuksien lausekkeet esitetään. Kuhunkin venymämittaan liittyvä jännitys johdetaan. Sovelluksina tarkastellaan vedettyä sauvaa ja yksinkertaista leikkausta.
Renewable Energy, Global Warming Problem and Impact of Power Electronics (Invited Paper)
Authors: Ahmed. F. Zobaa  , Bimal. K. Bose
Published: May 2017

Global energy consumption is increasing at a dramatic rate due to the increase in the world’s population and the quest for improvement of living standards. Most of our energy comes from fossil fuels which cause the problem of global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). As a result, there are many harmful effects such as rise in sea level, drought in tropical regions near the equator, an increase in hurricanes, tornadoes and floods, and the spread of disease. Renewable energy is the energy generated from natural resources such as solar heat and light, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat, which are replenished naturally. From Wikipedia, in 2008, about 19% of global final energy consumption came from renewables, with 13% coming from traditional biomass, used mainly for heating, and 3.2% from hydroelectricity. New renewables (small hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and bio fuels) accounted for another 2.7% and are growing rapidly. The share of renewables in electricity generation is around 18%, with 15% of global electricity coming from hydroelectricity and 3% from new renewables. This paper highlights in particular the impact of power electronics in solving or mitigating the global warming problem and supporting the generation of renewable energy [1]-[30].
The Strategic Energy Technology Plan: Financial Instruments
Authors: Andrés Llombart-Estopiñán  , Ignacio Martín Jimenez,  , Elena Calvo Gallardo
Published: May 2017

In order to achieve the 20% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the share of renewable to 20% and saving 20% of energy consumption by 2020, the European Commission launched in 2007 The Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan), considering technology as a vital piece for the Energy Policy. The UE intends to be on the top of the energy technologies worldwide, planning a defined roadmap up to 2020 and beyond. This plan means a new approach, never arose before at European level, which involves a great deal of cooperation among all stakeholders. The SET Plan is being implemented with different financial instruments. Most of them were already in place before the SET Plan publication. Currently, some new instruments have been lunched, increasing the portfolio of financial tools for implementing the SET Plan. In this paper, the SET Plan's motivation is outlined. The definition and structure of the plan is presented and the process carried out to get the plan is analyzed. Special attention has been paid to the instruments for allocating fund. Finally, some conclusions are highlighted.
Modeling and Simulation of Power Yield in Chemical and Electrochemical Systems
Authors: S. Sieniutycz  , P.Kuran
Published: May 2017

Fuel cells are treated as flow engines driven by fluxes of chemical reagents and electrochemical mechanism of electric current generation. Analyzed are performance curves of a SOFC system, power limits and the effect of typical design and operating parameters on the cell performance. The theory combines a recent formalism worked out for chemical machines with the Faraday’s law which determines the intensity of the electric current generation. Steady-state model of a hightemperature SOFC is considered, which refers to constant chemical potentials of incoming hydrogen fuel and oxidant. Lowering of the cell voltage below its reversible value is attributed to polarizations and imperfect conversions of reactions. A power formula summarizes effect of transport laws, irreversible polarizations and efficiency of power yield. Reversible electrochemical theory is extended to the case with dissipative chemical reactions; this case includes systems with incomplete conversions, characterized by “reduced affinities” and an idle run voltage. Effect of incomplete conversions is modeled by assuming that substrates can be remained after the reaction and that side reactions may occur. Optimum and feasibility conditions are discussed for some important process parameters such as the efficiency, power output, and electric current density. Calculations of maximum power show that the data differ for power generated and consumed. These data provide bounds for SOFC energy generators, which are more exact and informative than classical reversible bounds for electrochemical transformation.
Investigation and Evaluation of Multilevel H- NPC Converter for Electrically Driven Trains
Authors: G. Adamidis  , N. Alagialoglou  , G. Tsengenes
Published: May 2017

In this paper is analyzed and simulated on the computer the operation of a three level H-bridge converter as well as its parallel operations. Based on the simulation results the operating behavior between a) a three level H-bridge neutral point clamped converter, b) a three level H-bridge neutral point clamped converter with parallel elements and c) two three level H-bridge neutral point clamped converters parallel connected is being compared. From the simulation results is obvious that in the first two cases the ripples, the distortion in primary and secondary winding currents, and the power factor are quite satisfactory and almost identical to each other. In the third case as compared with the first two, we observe that current harmonics with higher amplitude appear in the primary winding of the transformer.
Development of a small-scale reactor system for bioethanol production from agriculture waste geared towards small industries applications in Malaysia
Authors: M. O. Abdullah  , S.F.Lim  , S.F. Salleh  , T. M. Tai  , S. L. Leo  , A. K. Umar
Published: May 2017

Bioethanol derived from agriculture can be an alternative fuel source to petroleum-based fuel as the fuel hike and supply depreciation. In Malaysia, agriculture waste materials especially from chip industries (such as banana/yam/tapioca) are potential to be one of the feedstock for producing bioethanol. The utilization of the waste feedstock for biofuel production does not disturb the food chain as it is a waste-to-energy concept based. This paper presents the development of an affordable reactor system that is feasible to be applying in Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) in Malaysia. The reactor system concentrated on the fermentation of the feedstock. Based on the experimental results, it is estimated that the yielding percentage of bioethanol is around 14 % for batch production. Moreover, it is estimated that this reactor is able to produce bioethanol around 0.85 L for each batch of production which implied a petrol fuel cost saving for SMEs around 10 % if bioethanol is blended with the fossil fuel.
Economic Viability of Bamboo Dust Based Gasification Plant for a Paper Mill
Authors: Dr. A. K. Sinha  , MeghnaBarkakat  , Dibakar Nath  , Saurav Kumar Sarma  , Uday Reddy  , Abhinav Verma  , Kranthi Kiran Ch
Published: May 2017

Global concern over pollution and several related issues caused by increase in Green House Gas emission and consequently changes in climate have resulted in a paradigm shift in the approach towards development of the energy sector in many countries. Being relatively less expensive than other renewable sources like solar and wind energy and being geographically dispersed, biomass is a potential alternative for fossil fuels like coal to sustainably meet the increasing energy needs of the world. In addition to this, biomass is carbon dioxide neutral and is a reliable source of energy. In this paper a pilot project is conceptualized on the use of bamboo dust waste for Cachar Paper Mill located in the state of Assam, India. This paper mill is a source of biomass in itself as it generates about 35-40 tons of bamboo dust every day. This project is conceived to economically generate electricity by utilizing producer gas derived from a gasifier by means of a gas engine coupled with an alternator, thus contributing its share towards renewable energy in the country. An economic viability study has been carried out by calculating the cost of generation of electricity for the plant to produce this green energy as against that of convention coal fired stream generation. This paper further highlights how burning of reasonable quantity of coal can be avoided by replacing some quantum of electricity generation through renewable energy sources resulting in appreciable amount of cost savings.
Creating Public Awareness of Renewable Energy by Combining a Photovoltaic System and Nature
Authors: Arnold Knott  , Dorthe Hedensted Lund  , Thomas Andersen
Published: May 2017

Energy is seemingly permanently andnearly everywhere in the western world available to theend consumer. While a majority of the western civilizationis aware of the downsides of fossil energy sources and is fa-voring renewable energy sources, the energy consumptionis still increasing. The situation is quite clear to the ex-perts in the field, but further awareness in the public mustbe created. Therefore this paper addresses a method ofcreating this awareness: installations that stimulate con-versations of renewable energy.A solar tree was developed and built to serve young peoplewith an AC outlet at a rock festival. The tree was real-ized under mechanical constraints and considerations ofthe electrical network to allow energy storage and conver-sion. This paper will introduce the principle of provotypes,which are provoking human thinking toward environmen-tal friendly technology. The mechanical requirements andthe developed solution is shown, before providing inten-sive insight into the electrical configuration, consisting ofa battery, photovoltaic cells and a DC-AC converter. Fur-thermore a low complexity charge controller is presented.The resulting solar tree is capable of attracting peoplesattention, surviving in harsh environments and providingpower up to around100 W.
Energy Efficiency in Data Processing Centers: TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC VIABILITY STUDY FOR A TRIGENERATION
Authors: Redondo Gil Carlos  , Fernández González Alvaro
Published: May 2017

This article explores the case of the viability for a trigeneration system, consisting in the production of electricity to provide energy, in a Data Processing Center, both in economical terms and in environmental protection. Furthermore it is analyzed the present and future situation of IT center energy consumption and associated environmental effects, and also looks at how state-of-the-art technology, correctly implemented, could ensure significant rationalization of data processing center energy consumption. The article will examine optimization techniques, specific problems and case studies.
Stabilized Power AC-DC-AC Converter using polygon transformer
Authors: Dr. Mona F. Moussa  , Eng. Nermeen Biomy  , Prof. Yasser G. Dessouky
Published: May 2017

Static power converters are used for many applications, like   frequency   converters   for   motors,   uninterruptible   power   supplies  (UPS’s),  general  power  supplies.  This  paper  analyses  the performance of high power static 400Hz supply system used in  aircraft  ground  power  units.  However,  the  problem  of  this  system  is  the  harmonics  coming  from  the  load  current  towards  the  supply.  This  problem  can  be  overcome  by  using  a  way  to  improve  the  supply  wave.  One  of  those  is  using  novel  polygon  transformer. This  paper  presents  combining  of  stabilized  powerAC-DC-AC  supply  using  polygon  transformer  to  improve  the  supply  wave  and  using  a  passive  filter  on  the  output  load.  The  design  and simulation of this system has been presented. In  [8],  the  polygon  transformer  is  connected  to  achieve  18-pulse AC-DC conversion through phase shifting between the two sets of voltages equal 20° with respect to the supply voltage. The disadvantage  of  this  connection  is  that  realizing  feasible  values  for  the  tapping  portion  for  step  up  operation  is  not  possible.  Therefore, in the proposed system, a novel idea for the 18 pulse conversion  is  achieved  by  phase  shifting  between  voltage  sets  with 40°.
Design of a trigeneration system for a hospital complex in Gran Canaria
Authors: C. M.González-Navarro  , A.M.Blanco-Marigorta  , J. A.Peña-Quintana
Published: May 2017

This article presents the design of a trigeneration system for a hospital complex in the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). The absorption refrigeration machine uses water as cooling fluid and lithium bromide as absorber. The energetic analysis shows high values of thermal performance and of electrical equivalent performance. The percentage of primary energy saving is about 23 %. The economic justification is realized taking into account the cost of the initial investment, the operating costs and the income forecast, turning out to be a profitable investment.
Dynamic Voltage Stability of an Electric Power Network with Double Fed Induction Wind Power Generators
Authors: R. M. Monteiro Pereira  , C. Machado Ferreira  , F. P. Maciel Barbosa
Published: May 2017

In recent years, the large penetration of wind power
poses new challenges for the voltage stability analysis of an
electric power network. In this paper is studied the effect of large
scale integration of wind power in the dynamic voltage stability
of a power network under a fault condition. The automatic
voltage regulators of the generating units, the turbine speed
governors and the double fed induction generator were modeled.
Different load models were used and the under load tap changers
were also taken into account. The simulation results were
obtained using the EUROSTAG software package. Finally, some
conclusions that provide a better understanding of the dynamic
voltage stability in a system with a large amount of wind power
generation are pointed out.
Reliability Analysis of Residential Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: A. Garro  , F. Barrara
Published: May 2017

Due to various incentive programs and local
market conditions of several European and worldwide
countries, photovoltaic systems are rapidly becoming the most
diffused solution for residential installations. This wide
adoption raises new and important issues related to the
efficiency, efficacy and safety of these highly distributed and
heterogeneous power systems. In particular, as these systems
are often connected to the general power grid so that a system
failure may affect the operation of other interconnected
systems, in their design an accurate dependability analysis
should be performed. Moreover, a dependability analysis
allows establishing a maintenance plan acceptable to the user
for keeping the system operating effectively. However, despite
these reasons, this kind of analysis is often missing manly due
to the lack of specific methodological approaches and related
ready-to-use tools. To overcome this lack, the paper presents a
methodological approach to the reliability analysis of residential
photovoltaic systems which exploits analysis techniques and
models coming from the R.AM.S. (Reliability, Availability,
Maintainability, and Safety) engineering discipline.
Comparison between the short-term observed and long-term estimated wind power density using Artificial Neural Networks. A case study
Authors: S Velázquez  , JA. Carta
Published: May 2017

The economic feasibility of a wind project is dependent on the
wind regime since it relies on the power output of the turbines
over the installation’s working life. Consequently, the
interannual variability of wind speed at a potential wind energy
conversion site is an issue of capital importance.
Usually a wind data measurement campaign is limited to a
period no longer than one year (i.e. short-term). Therefore, the
process of decision-making for wind farm constructors must be
based in this short-term data.
Various methods have been proposed in the scientific literature
for estimation of the long-term wind speed characteristics at
such sites. These methods use simultaneous measurements of
the wind speed at the site in question and at one or several
nearby reference sites with a long history of wind data
measurements.
In this paper, long-term wind power densities which have been
estimated through the use Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs),
will be compared to those which have been calculated by means
of the short-term wind data (i.e. considered to be representative
of long-term wind performance).
Mean hourly wind speeds and directions calculated in a 10 year
period of time at six weather stations located on six different
islands in the Canarian Archipelago (Spain) were used in this
study.
Among the different conclusions which this study revealed, we
can highlight that the wind resource estimation based on ANNs
is better than that dependant on short-term wind data. This is
true when the correlation coefficient between the reference and
candidate weather station is of 0.6.
Optimization of the electric power generated by a brake of water
Authors: E. Martínez Prado  , P. Lara Santillán  , A. Falces de Andrés  , M. Mendoza Villena  , A. Yangüas Peña
Published: May 2017

This article shows a new method designed to predict and optimize electric power generation by means of water control. It is about optimizing the sustainable use of the hydroelectric resources within a basin. Although, the primary purpose of the extracted water is not exactly for energy generation, but for the purpose of obtaining drinkable water to for human consumption. This use implies that only the water to be used needs to be processed, therefore treatment costs are minimized and the ecological conservation of the fluvial basin is of maximum importance. To predict amount of electric power to be generated, the demands of the consumers consumption and the cost of the maintenance of the water-treatment plant, are taken into account. In order to guarantee water supply to the population, there is an intermediate deposit, the level of which should always be regulated above minimum capacity to guarantee water supply at all times in the event of mishap or accident.
Survey on knowledge based methods to assist fault restoration in power distribution networks
Authors: Y. Oualmakran  , J. Meléndez  , S.Herraiz  , Mercedes López-Perea  , Eloy González
Published: May 2017

The motivation behind this paper is the many
changes that happen in power distribution networks, theoretical
developments, and their consequences on power distribution
restoration. The stages of this process are defined with a focus on
steps taken after the fault isolation. The final purpose of the
operators is defined, as are the rules which must be strictly
respected. Power quality issues are stressed. Moreover, recent
techniques (metaheuristic and learning methods) are discussed.
Heuristic rules also known as expert rules or knowledge based
rules used in power restoration are outlined for their supportive
role. Finally, a comparison of some selected papers is given. This
enables to illustrate how the defined goals and changes in the
network are reflected in recent literature. Our conclusion from
the study of the state of the art is that there is still a lot of work to
be done in developing novel techniques, integrating the goals and
inserting the evolving features of power distribution networks.
Effect of Rain on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: B. C. Al  , Dr C. Klumpner  , Dr D. B. Hann
Published: May 2017

Results are presented that demonstrate that rain will have a significant effect on the output of a vertical axis wind turbine. The experiments were carried out in the climatic wind tunnel at the University of Nottingham where water was sprayed into the wind tunnel to simulate several rainfall rates. The rain had the effect of increasing the drag, slowing the rotational speed of the wind turbine and decreasing the Power for the equivalent wind speed. The increasing in the drag has the additional effect of decreasing the optimal coefficient of performance as the rainfall rate is increased. Similar studies in airfoil performance in the rain have shown that the increase in drag and decrease in lift is related to the chord length of the airfoil and so could potentially be larger for larger turbine blades. This could have an effect on the control strategy necessary for controlling wind turbine performance and will need to be studied further.
Fault Causes Analysis in Feeders of Power Distribution Networks
Authors: O. A. Quiroga  , J. Meléndez  , S. Herraiz
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a basic statistical analysis about principal causes of faults in power distribution networks is presented. Principal failure causes are identified through basic statistical and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) is used to find combinations of causes or other factors that describe major trends in the data set in terms of data variability. The idea is to exploit information available related with the causes of faults occurred over an important period of time in a real power network. Common causes, trends as well as relations between causes and feeders types (overhead and underground) are found. Relevant information to know the behaviour of faults in a network is extracted.
Notes on the Solar Map of Asturias
Authors: J. I. Prieto  , J. C. Martínez-García  , D. García  , R. Santoro
Published: May 2017

The  Solar  Map  of  Asturias  (SMA)  is  the  result  of  a  research   work   carried   out   within   the   project   ‘‘Bio-climatic    Architecture    and    Solar    Cooling”    (PSE-ARFRISOL). It is based on a correlation model, recently published,  between  solar  irradiation  and  air  temperature,  and on the application of the software ArcGIS 9.3 for the spatial  interpolation  among  data  from  63  meteorological  stations. The   paper   shows   that   the   SMA   estimations   predict   difficulties  to  attain  in  some  areas  the  minimum  solar  contribution  established  by  the  Spanish  Technical  Code  of Building.  Those  predictions  are  compared  with  the  ones  obtained  by combining experimental data, Geographic Information Systems,  and  a  solar  radiation  model  able  of  computing  the  effects  of  shadows  caused  by  the  orography  of  the  ground. It  is  expected  that  the  combination  of  both  procedures  may   contribute   to   the   improvement   of   future   SMA   editions.
Control with floating- and fixed-point DSPs of a low-cost Flexible Platform for a Photovoltaic Grid-Connected System working as an agent in a Distributed Generation Structure
Authors: Alexis B. Rey-Boué  , F. Ruz-Vila  , José M. Torrelo  , Salvador Subiela
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a low-cost flexible platform for photovoltaics is developed with a DSP-microcontroller arrangement for doing industrial control in an easy way, and the communication process between them is carried out with the McBSP bus. The control of the DC/DC boost converter and the d-q control approach of the 3-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) have been established: the mathematical model of the plant is described and a decoupled control of the instantaneous active and reactive powers fed to the utility grid is achieved, allowing unitary power factor operation. Several measurements of the involved variables in the platform are described in order to evaluate the performance of the exerted control algorithms with the DSP-microcontroller arrangement, and the development of future complex algorithms and high computational tasks is validated.
High frequency Modelling of Cables in PWM Motor Drives by Using Polynomial Functions based Parameters
Authors: M. C. Di Piazza  , A. Ragusa  , G. Vitale
Published: May 2017

- The high frequency behaviour of the cables in pulse width modulation (PWM) motor drives is of a crucial importance in the analysis of transient overvoltages and conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) propagation, both common and differential mode. In order to give a tool for simulation of the above cited phenomena, a new method for high frequency cable modelling is proposed in this paper. The method is based on the measurement of the impedance frequency responses of the cables in short and open circuit conditions. The lumped parameters cable behaviour is described by polynomial functions in frequency domain. For a given frequency a simple equivalent circuit representation of the cable is obtained. The proposed model is easily implemented in Matlab/Simulink and it is validated comparing the computed frequency impedance responses of the cable, loaded by either a resistive load or an induction motor, to the corresponding measured ones. Moreover, the prediction, by the model, of the overvoltage at the motor terminals in a long-cable PWM drive is performed. The proposed model are also compared with some commonly used high frequency cable models presented in technical literature.
An integral and flexible wireless power monitoring system
Authors: S. Blanc  , P. Yuste  , A. Lorente  , J.J. Serrano
Published: May 2017

This paper describes the main and fundamental aspects of a power monitoring system, with good adaptation possibilities that ease its use in both PV power production plants and home or building electrical grids. It makes a smart metering solution which integrates several acquisition modules for electrical energy production and consumption monitoring, analysis and control management. The system is flexible in its configuration, easy to install and maintain and allows data transmission to a remote server by Ethernet, Wifi or GPRS/GSM or to a local server through a simple USB cable.
Mechanically Stacked Solar Cells for Concentrator Photovoltaics
Authors: Ian Mathews  , Donagh O'Mahony  , Weiwei Yu  , Declan Gordan  , Nicolas Cordero  , Brian Corbett  , Alan  P. Morrison
Published: May 2017

The power output of dual-junction mechanically stacked solar cells comprising different sub-cell materials in a terrestrial concentrating photovoltaic module has been evaluated. The ideal bandgap combination of both cells in a stack was found using EtaOpt. A combination of 1.4 eV and 0.7 eV has been found to produce the highest photovoltaic conversion efficiency under the AM1.5 Direct Solar Spectrum with x500 concentration. As EtaOpt does not consider the absorption profile of solar cell materials; the practical power output per unit area of a dual junction mechanically stacked solar cell has been modelled considering the optical absorption co-efficients and thicknesses of the individual solar cells. The model considered a GaAs top cell and a Ge, GaSb, Ga0.47In0.53As or Si bottom cell. It was found that GaSb gives the highest power contribution as a bottom cell in a dual junction configuration followed by Ge and GaInAs. While the additional power provided by a Si bottom cell is less than these it remains a suitable candidate for a bottom cell owing to its lower cost.
Parallel-Connected Legs in a Grid-Tied Inverter System for Distributed Generation
Authors: G.J. Capellá  , J. Pou  , J. Zaragoza  , S. Ceballos  , I. Gabiola  , E. Robles
Published: May 2017

Grid-connected  high-power  inverters  are  often  used in distributed generation and power quality systems. Those inverters  have  to  handle  high  currents  in  order  to  achieve  high  power  values  without  resorting  to  higher  voltages.  Connecting  inverter  legs  in  parallel  is  a  proper  way  to  achieve  such  high  currents.   Such   parallel   connection   is   made   by   means   of   inductors  and  achieving  balanced  currents  among  the  legs  becomes  a  critical  issue.  Circulating  currents  may  produce  additional  losses  and  stress  to  the  converter’s  power  devices.  Therefore,   they   should   be   controlled   and   minimized.   An   efficient  technique  to  achieve  such  balance  is  presented  in  this  paper.  The  proposed  strategy  has  been  developed  on  a  grid-connected  three-phase  system.    Each  phase  of  the  inverter  is  made   up   of   three   legs   in   parallel.   Besides,   the   control   implemented  in  this  work  allows  full  regulation  of  the  power  factor.   This   way,   any   desired   power   factor   value   can   be   achieved   in   order   to   meet   grid-connection   requirements.   Simulation and experimental results are shown in this paper.
Prediction system based on domotic weather sensors for the energy production of solar power plants
Authors: Domingo Benítez  , Carlos González-Muñoz  , José F. Medina
Published: May 2017

The  prediction  of  the  electrical  energy  generated  by  a  photo-voltaic  system  is  useful  for  estimating the  profitability  analysis  of  a  project,  without  the  need  of  expensive  photovoltaic  proto-types. Prediction  systems  are  usually based  on  simulating  the  physical  process  of a  photovoltaic  module,  under  standard  or  average  local  weather  conditions.  These predictions  introduce  some errors caused by the use of a theoretical model or average climate data.In  our  investigations,  we  noted  that  the  energy  generated  by  a  photovoltaic system is  proportional  to  the  cumulative  measure-ment of the sun illuminance that is provided by a low-cost domo-tic  weather  station.  From  this  experimental  observation,  this  paper  proposes  a  hardware/software  system  for  predicting  the  electrical  energy  generated  by  a  photovoltaic  system,  such  as  those  existing  in  buildings.  The  hardware  consists  of  a  domotic  installation  for  monitoring  both  electric  energy  and  climate  parameters. The  software  consists  of  a  calibration  procedure, which  provides  a  proportional  factor  between sun  illuminance  and the energy production per unit of surface area of the photo-voltaic  modules.  Once  the  calibration  procedure  is  completed,  the  photovoltaic  energy  production is  predicted  by  factoring  the  sun illuminance provided by the weather station and the propor-tional  factor  provided  by  the  calibration  process.  This  method  has  been  tested  under  real  conditions  and  the  accuracy  reached  up to 99.7% with an average value of 96.3%.
The Implementation of the Low Voltage Ride-Through Curve on the Protection System of a Wind Power Plant
Authors: R.P.S. Leão  , J.B. Almada  , P.A. Souza  , R.J. Cardoso  , R.F. Sampaio  , F.K.A. Lima  , J.G. Silveira  , L.E.P. Formiga
Published: May 2017

. This paper presents the implementation of the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) curve in two commercial numerical relays, assessing the features and limitations of each protection device. The LVRT curve is defined in grid codes of several countries, especially those who already have or are planning a high share of wind power in their electric power systems. The functionality of the wind turbine grid protection system is tested in a power system using the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation tool. The fault ride through capability curve applied in the test system is as defined in the Brazilian grid code and the protection system responses evaluated at the point of common coupling of the wind power plant when the power network is under symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. The biggest challenge to adhere the system operator requirements is to ensure the highest conformity to the defined LVRT curve, because most relays only gives you the option of tuning in discrete time intervals.