bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epileptic Seizure Prediction Through Machine Learning and Spatio-Temporal Features Based Time Series Analysis of Intracranial Electroencephalogram Data
Authors:   School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Ilakiyaselvan* N. , Bhatt Hardik ,   School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Shukla Utkarsh ,   School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Khan A. Nayeemulla ,   School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Shahina A. ,   Department of Information Technology, SSn College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, India.
Published: January 2022

Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders identifiable by infrequent but recurrent seizures. Seizure prediction is widely recognized as a significant problem in the neuroscience domain. Developing a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) for seizure prediction can provide an alert to the patient, providing a buffer time to get the necessary emergency medication or at least be able to call for help, thus improving the quality of life of the patients. A considerable number of clinical studies presented evidence of symptoms (patterns) before seizure episodes and thus, there is large research on seizure prediction, however, there is very little existing literature that illustrates the use of structured processes in machine learning for predicting seizures. Limited training data and class imbalance (EEG segments corresponding to preictal phase, the duration just before the seizure, to about an hour prior to the episode, are usually in a tiny minority) are a few challenges that need to be addressed when employing machine learning for this task. In this paper we present a comparative study of various machine learning approaches that can be used for classification of EEG signals into preictal and interictal (Interictal is the time between seizures) using the features extracted from the intracranial EEG. Publicly available data has been used for this purpose for both human and canine subjects. After data pre-processing and extensive feature extraction, different models are trained and are effectively used to analyze the temporal dynamics of the brain (interictal and preictal) in affected subjects. We present the improved results for various classification algorithms, with AUROC values of best classification models at 0.99.
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT IN VITILIGO PATIENTS IN LITHUANIA
Authors: Ulianskaitė Gintarė , Timinskaitė Agnė , Šaltmerė Giedrė , Bylaitė-Bučinskienė Matilda
Published: January 2022

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder that re­sults as depigmented patches of the skin due to loss of melanocytes. Although the disease is often asymptomatic, it impairs patients` quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with negative impact on quality of life in terms of disease clinical features, pa­tients` functioning and emotional status in Lithuania. An observational, cross-sectional study consisted of 131 res­pondents. An original three-part survey of 41-questions was developed based on 4 standardized questionnaires. 125 respondents were included: 94 women and 31 men. The mean age was 35 ± 12 years. 14 out of 21 quality of life items affect >25% of respondents, including all 10 emotion-related indicators (100%) and 4 out of 11 functioning-related indicators (36.36%). In conclusion, this research supports the evidence that vitiligo has an influence on patients’ quality of life, mainly affecting emotion-related areas. Quality of life is associated with gender, age, and extent of skin involvement. Psycholo­gical consultation should be recommended to patients with vitiligo.
VEGENERIO (WEGENER) GRANULIOMATOZĖS PASIREIŠKIMAS OFTOLMOLOGINIAIS POKYČIAIS: KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS
Authors: Bagužytė Gabija , Užkuraitytė Deimantė , Sidaraitė Agnė , Bandzienė Loreta , Stanislovaitienė Daiva
Published: January 2022

Granuliomatozė su poliangitu arba Vegenerio granulio­matozė yra reta autoimuninė liga, dažniausiai pasireiš­kianti kvėpavimo takų bei inkstų pažeidimu. Oftalmo­loginiais pokyčiais liga prasideda 30-50 proc. atvejų. Diagnozę patvirtina specifiniai histologiniai pokyčiai − granuliomatozinis uždegimas, nustatomas tiriant biopsinę medžiagą iš pažeisto organo arterijos ar perivaskulinės zonos ir teigiamas antineutrofilinių citoplazminių anti­kūnų tyrimo rezultatas. Granuliomatozės su poliangitu klinikinė baigtis gali būti letali, tačiau laiku atlikta dia­gnostika ir šiuolaikinės individualizuoto gydymo citotok­siniais bei imunosupresiniais medikamentais galimybės reikšmingai pagerina ligos prognozę. Straipsnyje prista­tomas granuliomatozės su poliangitu klinikinis atvejis, kai diagnozė įtarta pasireiškus oftalmologiniams požy­miams. Patvirtinus diagnozę, taikytas medikamentinis bei chirurginis gydymas, pasiekta granuliomatozės su poliangitu remisija.
VELENSO SINDROMAS. KLINIKINIO ATVEJO ANALIZĖ
Authors: Daniliauskaitė Ieva , Gustienė Olivija
Published: January 2022

Vienas iš dažniausių simptomų, dėl kurių pacientai krei­piasi į skubiosios pagalbos skyrių, yra ūminis krūtinės skausmas. Labai svarbu įvertinti paciento nusiskundi­mus, elektrokardiogramą (EKG) ir miokardo pažaidos žymenis, norint tinkamai ir laiku diagnozuoti krūtinės skausmų priežastį. Straipsnyje aptariama Velenso sin­dromo etiologija, diagnostika ir gydymas, pristatomas klinikinis atvejis.
ULTRAGARSINIO TYRIMO PANAUDOJIMAS PEDIATRINĖJE ANESTEZIJOJE
Authors: Mačiulienė Asta , Baranauskas Tautvydas , Simanavičiūtė Goda , Macas Andrius
Published: January 2022

Literatūroje aprašoma vis daugiau UG tyrimo panau­dojimo galimybių pediatrinėje anesteziologijoje, pade­dančių išvengti su anestezija susijusių komplikacijų. Straipsnyje analizuojama mokslinė literatūra, kurioje apžvelgiamas UG tyrimo panaudojimas perioperaciniu laikotarpiu atliekant kraujagyslių kateterizaciją, vertinant endotrachėjinio vamzdelio padėtį ir nustatant aspiracijos riziką vaikų populiacijoje. Literatūros šaltinių paieška atlikta mokslinėse elektroninėse duomenų bazėse, nau­dojant raktinius žodžius ir jų derinius. Nustatyta, kad UG tyrimas padeda lengviau kateterizuoti centrines bei periferines kraujagysles ir išvengti su procedūra susiju­sių komplikacijų. Kvėpavimo takų ultragarsinis tyrimas padeda parinkti tinkamą endotrachėjinio vamzdelio dydį ir optimizuoti endotrachėjinio vamzdelio gylį kvėpa­vimo takuose. Skrandžio ultragarsinis tyrimas padeda aptikti pacientų padidėjusią aspiracijos riziką. Išvada. UG tyrimas yra patikima diagnostikos priemonė vaikų anestezijoje, padedanti laiku nustatyti pakitimus, page­rinti procedūrų saugumą ir pacientų gydymo rezultatus.
ORTODONTINIO GYDYMO ĮTAKA PAŽEISTIEMS PERIODONTO AUDINIAMS
Authors: Žekonienė Jūratė , Linkevičienė Laura , Ralytė Modesta
Published: January 2022

Periodonto ligos yra vienos labiausiai paplitusių ligų pasaulyje, o didesnis jų dažnis stebimas suaugusių žmo­nių populiacijoje. Dėl estetikos, efektyvios kramtymo funkcijos ir geresnės gyvenimo kokybės siekio suaugę žmonės, dažnai jau turintys periodonto patologijos pa­žeistų audinių, nori pradėti ortodontinį gydymą. Esant stabiliai paciento periodonto audinių būklei, pastarasis gydymas nėra kontraindikuotinas, tačiau prieš praktiš­kai sprendžiant tokias klinikines situacijas, reikia žinoti, kokią įtaką ortodontinis gydymas turi pažeistiems peri­odonto audiniams.

Tyrimo tikslas − atlikti mokslinės literatūros analizę ir pateikti mokslinį pagrindimą šiais ortodontinio gydymo įtakos pažeistiems periodonto audiniams aspektais: 1) pažeistų periodonto audinių uždegiminiai ir mikrobiolo­giniai pokyčiai ortodontinio gydymo metu, 2) ortodon­tinių judesių įtaka pažeistiems periodonto audiniams, 3) kombinuoto ortodontinio-periodontologinio gydymo perspektyva, 4) neigiama ortodontinio gydymo įtaka pa­žeistiems periodonto audiniams.

Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai: moksliniai straipsniai, pu­blikuoti 2000-2021 m. laikotarpiu, ieškoti Medline (per PubMed), Google Scholar ir ScienceDirect mokslinių duomenų bazėse. Literatūros šaltiniai atrinkti remian­tis šiais kriterijais: 1) straipsniai, kuriuose aprašomas periodontologinio paciento ortodontinis gydymas, 2) straipsniai, įrodantys teigiamą (neigiamą) ortodontinio gydymo poveikį periodontologinių defektų at(si)kūri­mui, 3) straipsniai, nurodantys aspektus, į kuriuos turi atsižvelgti periodontologinį-ortodontinį gydymo planą vykdantys gydytojai.

Išvados. Esant stabiliai periodonto audinių būklei, orto­dontinis gydymas nėra kontraindikuotinas ir dažniausiai turi teigiamą efektą pažeistų periodonto audinių atsikūri­mui. Uždegiminiai ir mikrobiologiniai pokyčiai pažeis­tuose periodonto audiniuose pradėjus ortodontinį gydymą stebimi, tačiau neigiama linkme neprogresuoja ir aktyvios periodontologinės ligos nesukelia. Ortodontinių judesių metu alveolinis kaulas daugiau nesirezorbuoja, kai kur vyksta jo apozicija, galimos periodonto patologijos su­keltų kaulinių ir minkštųjų audinių defektų korekcijos, užkertamas kelias tolesnei danties palaikomojo aparato destrukcijai. Klinikiniai periodonto sveikatos rodikliai po kombinuoto periodontologinio-ortodontinio gydymo yra geresni, lyginant su pasiektais tik po periodontologinio gydymo. Neigiama ortodontinio gydymo įtaka periodonto audiniams apima pablogėjusį vainiko- šaknies santykį, dantų paslankumą ar netgi jų netekimą.
Association between Myocardial Infarction Location and In-Hospital Mortality in Iran: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Shahbaz Mohammad , Nazari Seyed Saeed Hashemi , Salehipour Amineh , Karimi Roya
Published: January 2022

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most important health problems in the world, including Iran. The rate of in-hospital mortality in MI patients ranges from 7.7% to 19.2% in different countries. Despite the promotion and utilization of new therapeutic approaches, MI-related morbidity and mortality have remained high . The recognition of risk factors for MI-related mortality plays an important role in reducing post-MI mortality. Methods: In this study, we used national MI registry data. In total, 33,831 patients who had been hospitalized in the coronary care unit of Iranian hospitals from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated the impact of various risk factors on in-hospital mortality after MI. Results: The in-hospital mortality rate in patients with ST-elevation MI was higher than that of patients with non–ST-elevation MI. In-hospital mortality was most strongly associated with left-location MI (odds ratio [OR] relative to the non-ST-elevation MI group, 2.15), in comparison with middle-location MI (OR, 1.47) and right-location MI (OR, 1.43). Ventricular fibrillation (OR, 7.7) and ventricular tachycardia (OR, 2.78) were predictors of in-hospital mortality. Receiving treatment reduced the odds of death and age, sex, and diabetes were risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality after MI. Conclusions: Age, sex, right bundle branch block arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, left bundle branch block arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, diabetes, and ST-elevation MI were associated with increased ORs for mortality after MI. Thus, patients with these factors require special attention during hospitalization.
HR-LCMS ANALYSIS AND PASS ( PREDICTION OF ACTIVITY SPECTRA FOR SUBSTANCES ) OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM SERRATUM (LINN.)MOON (BHARANGI).
Authors: Kurhe Pooja , Dalvi Sanjay , Kamble Laxmikant
Published: January 2022

Aims: The main aim of the study is to prospect the phytochemical constituents in the Clerodendrum serratum
(Linn).Moon by HR-LCMS Analysis and PASS predictionMethods:The leaves of the Clerodedrum serratum (Linn).Moon
was extracted with Ethanol at room temperature for 24 hours.The bioactive compounds of Clerodendrum serratum have
been separated and identified using HR-LCMS.Results: Preliminary phytochemicals analysis revealed the presence of
tannins, quinines, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds and carbohydrates. Total 12
compounds identified were selected for further screening by molecular docking studies.The spectral analysis revealed
different compounds Pindolol,Umbelliferon, 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxy-26, 27-dimethyl-20, 21, 22, 22, 23, 23-hexadehydro24a-homovitamin D3, Hydroxyhydroquinone, Phenylacetic acid, Kynurenine, cholic acid glucuronide, Megastigma -3,
7(E), 9 triene , Alloaromadendrene, Ethambutol ,α santalol and many other compounds were identified as low level.
Conclusion: The result of this study offers a platform of using Clerodendrum serratum (Linn) Moon. As herbal
alternatives for various diseases and it can be used as functional andpharmaceutical agent.
DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA IN RENAL TRANSPLANT COVID-19 POSITIVE PATIENT - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Payal Payal , Arakeri Satish , Arakeri Surekha
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Covid 19 infection is caused by SARS-COVID virus and responsible for pandemic in 2020. Most
common signs and symptoms include fever, cough, lower respiratory tract infection etc.
CASE REPORT: A 51 year old male patient, a known case of diabetes, hypertension and chronic renal disease with renal
transplant 3 years back and on immunosuppressive drugs was complaining of high degree fever, myalgia, fatigue,
abdominal pain, more over the left upper abdomen. USG shows Hypoechoic collection in the inferior pole of spleen
measuring 5x6cm with mild perisplenic collection, suggestive of splenic abscess. The patient had undergone
emergency laparotomy of splenectomy. On histopathology, refractile, aseptate, broad angle fungal hyphae suggestive of
Mucormycosis. PAS stain was Positive.
DISCUSSION: Spleen is a rare site for fungal infection. With superadded COVID 19 infection and bilateral basal
consolidation in the lungs, the underlying splenic lesion will be confused as part of thromboembolic episodes rather
than fungal infection. Hence, delay in treatment of antifungal drugs will lead to mortality in such cases.
CONCLUSION: In COVID 19 infections, the rare manifestation of fungal infection to be considered while treating the
immunosuppressive patients.
PARAPHARYNGEAL MASS MASQUERADING AS ABDUCENS PALSY : A CASE REPORT
Authors: R Deepthi. , K Kalaivani. , B Saranya.
Published: January 2022

We report a case of a 27 year old male who came with complaints of sudden onset binocular, horizontal diplopia for 5
days worsening on left gaze .He also had history of dysphagia since 5 days.He was diagnosed as TB cervical
lymphadenitis and was on ATT past 5 months.He was known case of type1 diabetes mellitus since 9 years,on treatment.
OCULAR EXAMINATION:left sided face turn ,anterior segment and fundus examination were normal in Right eye.Left
eye showed 15 degree esotropia,normal anterior segment with abduction restriction(-4),normal fundus
examination.Visual acuity was 6/6 in both eyes.Colour vision and Corneal sensation normal in both eye. Other cranial
nerves examination were normal. INVESTIGATION : MRI neck and brain showed large diffuse suprahyoid neck mass
involving oropharynx and nasopharynx with intracranial extension in prepontine cistern and cavernous sinus.
Diagnosed as left lateral rectus palsy due to parapharyngeal mass and referred to oncologist which was later confirmed
as nasopharyengeal carcinoma.CONCLUSION : This case emphasize importance of neurological evaluation with
imaging in an isolated cranial nerve palsy.
MUTATIONS IN PULMONARY ADENOCARCINOMA. FREQUENCY STUDY FROM A ONCOLOGY CENTRE IN CENTRAL KERALA.
Authors: Antony Aniya , John T Vanesa , Usman Sandhra , Augustine Joy
Published: January 2022

Background: Non small cell carcinomas of lung, notably adenocarcinoma is associated with genetic mutations in EGFR
(chromosome 7) , ALK (chromosome 2), ROS1(chromosome 6) . The patients harbouring these mutations are greatly
benefited from tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeted chemotherapy. The prevalence of these mutations in central kerala has
not been studied and documented.
Aim: This study aims to analyse the frequency of different mutations in lung adenocarcinomas presenting to a oncology
centre in kerala.
Study Design: Descriptive study.
Materials And Methods: The study spanned over a period of two years from 2019-2021. A total of 169 consecutive lung
adenocarcinomas were studied.
PCR for EGFR was done in 89 cases and were tested for the common mutations. ALK1 IHC using ALK-D5F3 clone and ROS
with ROS-D4D6 clones were done in 40 cases.
Results: EGFR mutation was present in 15 cases (17.44%). The most common age range was 40-60yrs. Two most
common patterns were solid and acinar. ALK and ROS 1 mutation was found in 3 cases (7.5%) and 2 cases ( 5%)
respectively. 4 cases (16.66%) of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients had metastasis.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GROWTH WITH STABILITY IN INDIA
Authors: P. Kadam Kishor
Published: January 2022

The growth rate of GDP is an indicator of the economic performance of Indian economy. In the recent time falling GDP
growth rate of India is the main concern of a debates among the economist. In this study honest effort made to
investigates the relationship between growth rate of GDP and stability parameters over a period of 2000-01 to 2017-18.
The empirical results of the study shows that there is a positive relationship between CPI and the growth rate of GDP
whereas there were negative relationship between WPI, CAD and GFD and growth rate of GDP in India. Therefore, the
study suggests that FRBM Acts guidelines should have implemented very systematic and even more strictly to control
the CAD and GFD. There is need of the effective new policy framework to minimize the government failure.
ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT IN PATIENT OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA UNDERGOING ROBOTIC RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY WITH INFERIOR VENA CAVA TUMOUR THROMBECTOMY.
Authors: Mahathe Tharun , Maru Vivek
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma has vascular invasion and extend into IVC and even into the right-sided
cardiac chambers.Nephrectomy with thrombectomy provide palliation of symptoms with 5-year survival rate of 72% in
absence of distant metastasis.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Anaesthetic management varies based on extension of tumour and is challenging due to IVC
clamping,hemodynamic instability,potential for massive haemorrhage,and risk of intra operative tumour embolization.
METHODOLOGY: A 62-year-old male hypertensive with COPD patient presented with pain in right lower back and
haematuria. He was evaluated with USG abdomen, CT abdomen, confirming right RCC with thrombus extending into
right renal vein and infradiaphragmatic IVC. The patient was planned for right radical nephrectomy with IVC
thrombectomy.
RESULT: The intra operative course was hemodynamically stable, except when the IVC was clamped during
thrombectomy. Hypotension was managed with injection noradrenaline 0.03–0.05mcg/kg/min. Patient was extubated
next morning as he was hemodynamically stable
CONCLUSION: Successful anaesthetic management of RCC with IVC thrombus requires meticulous monitoring.
Central venous pressure and hourly urine output monitoring can be used to achieve desired hemodynamic goals.
La geopolitica russa del cibo, limiti e prospettive. La produzione alimentare russa nel passaggio dall’economia pianificata a quella di mercato
Authors: Giordano Alfonso , Lucenti Flavia
Published: January 2022

The article investigates the development of food production in the Russian Federation, mainly considering the transition from a planned to a market economy. The period investigated is from the late 1980s to the present day. The scope of the inquiry is to assess the reasons for the food production crisis of the nineties and the subsequent recovery of the national food industry, which improved when Putin came to power. The research proceeds by examining the different approaches to food production adopted by the administrations of Gorbachev and Eltsin and, more recently, by Putin. It discusses, indeed, how the support provided by the State to the agro-food sector has evolved consistent with both national interests and geopolitical needs. In conclusion, the authors assess that the concept of self-sufficiency, also in terms of food production, has turned into a strategy for Russian Federation to preserve national security.
Anti-discrimination and diversity at school. Findings from the evaluation of an organizational implementation process
Authors: Ernst Stefanie
Published: January 2022

Current diversity and anti-discrimination policies are the result of intended and non-intended long-term social movements and changes. This implicates informalisation processes as well as formalisation processes of organizations, in which sexism, racism, homophobia etc. are blamed and fought. In this context, the presented EU-Project SPRYNG consists of several data about the cognitive structure as well as the awareness of discrimination in order to support organizational diversity learning. Based on The Established and Outsiders and the process-theoretical debate on diminishing power differences, informality and equality, the paper presents a snapshot of discrimination in educational organizations (schools) and society. The data (survey and expert interviews) give insights into the perception of discrimination. As part of organizational change processes, these collected data supported the discussion about “sensitive and good school culture”. The paper reports about the results, pitfalls and theoretical implications of anti-discrimination politics in the area of education as part of organizational integration politics.
Profiles
Authors: Cambio Editorial
Published: January 2022

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Determination of β-N-Methylamino-L-Alanine (BMAA) Levels in Surface Water and Treated Water by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Choi Jae-Won , Jang Jae-Heon , Kim Ae-Kyung , Lee Sun-Hong
Published: January 2022

β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is an emerging algal toxin that has drawn attention because it can cause neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sensitive analytical method for BMAA, an emerging cyanobacterial toxin, to determine whether a trace amount is detected in the water resources and treated water. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive analytical method for BMAA using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with direct injection. The method was validated for linearity of calibration, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy, and precision. The limits of detection and quantitation were in the range of 0.030 ?/L and 0.096 ?/L, respectively. The optimized method was used to measure the concentrations of BMAA in surface water from each weir point of the Geum River, Nakdong River. Sampling and analysis of drinking water treatment plants of the Geum River, Nakdong River were applied to samples for each process.
EFEKTIVITAS EMAS (ECONOMIC MATERNITY SIMULATOR) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SKILL PEMERIKSAAN KEHAMILAN MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURABAYA
Authors: Mardliyana Nova Elok , Puspita Irma Maya , Ainiyah Nur Hidayatul
Published: January 2022

Antenatal care is one of the health services provided by midwives to monitor the health welfare of the mother and fetus. One of the competencies possessed by a midwife is to provide obstetric care for pregnancy which includes history taking, physical examination, laboratory, and counseling. The limited learning media for pregnancy phantom can make students less understanding of pregnancy examinations. For this reason, researchers made an innovative EMAS (Economic Maternity Simulator) learning media. This research is a type of quantitative research. The method used is an experimental research method with a quasi experimental research design. In this design the treatment and control groups were not randomly selected. Data analysis used Non-paired T-Test. The results of the study, it was found that there was a difference in the average score of prenatal care skills before and after using EMAS of 3.30 with a p value of 0.011 (p <0.05), 95% CI 0744-5.907. Statistically there is a significant difference and it can be concluded that EMAS has an effect on improving prenatal examination practicum skills.
MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE LIVER AND THE HEART OF QUAILS DURING THE EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOSIS OF IRON(IV) CLATROCHELATE
Authors: Borisevych B. V. , Lysova V. V. , Derkach I. M. , Derkach S. S. , Dukhnytsky V. B. , Tyshkivska A. M.
Published: January 2022

Iron(IV) clatrochelate is a unique compound because it contains iron in a rare high valence ˗ IV. It is characterized by high stability at high temperatures, different pH values etc. The studies of acute and chronic toxicity of this compound, started for the first time in Ukraine, have the important theoretical and practical significance, as this complex can be recommended as an active substance in iron-containing drugs with antianemic action.

We investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of Iron(IV) based on a macrocyclic ligand of the hexahydrazide type for white mice, white rats and quails. Iron(IV) clatrochelate corresponds to hazard class III according to the classification of chemicals by degree of danger (GOST 12.1.007-76), and class IV and degree of toxicity ˗ "low-toxic substances" according to the classification of substances by toxicity. Thus, the average lethal dose of Iron(IV) clatrochelate for quails when administered orally is 764.3 ± 32.71 mg / kg body weight.

Preclinical studies of new drugs include microscopic studies. It was found that under conditions of experimental intoxication with Iron(IV) clathrochelate, quails develop pathological changes that correlate with the dose of the test compound. The higher the dose, the more severe the lesions. The available changes in the liver and heart on histological examination indicated a violation of metabolic processes in the body of quails of the experimental groups, which used Iron(IV) clatrochelate.

This compound causes a significant disruption of protein metabolism, which during acute poisoning with this compound leads to the formation of areas of destruction and necrosis of the heart muscle, and during chronic ˗ to the granular dystrophy and partial destruction of muscle fibers sarcoplasm with disruption of their relationship. Microscopically noticeable changes do not occur in the endocardium and epicardium.
PRODUCTIVITY AND COMFORT OF KEEPING COWS AT LOW ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES
Authors: Borshch O. O. , Ruban S. Yu. , Borshch O. V. , Fedorchenko M. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this work was to study the effect of low temperatures on productivity, microclimate parameters and comfort of keeping cows in different variants of prefabricated premises. The research was conducted in the central part of Ukraine (Kyiv region, Bila Tserkva district) in three farms where animals are kept loose at different sizes of prefabricated premises. The first option is a prefabricated room without insulation elements; the second prefabricated room with elements of warming of side walls by polycarbonate glass; the third in an easy-to-assemble room on a deep, long-lasting straw litter. The average annual number of dairy cows in all farms is 400. The studies were performed in the thermoneutral period, when the average daily ambient temperature did not fall below -5.0 ° C (17 days) and the period of high-temperature load, when the value of the average daily ambient temperature was -15 °C and below (11 days). It was found that prolonged low-temperature load significantly affects the comfort of cows in the options for keeping in easily assembled rooms of different types. The average daily air temperature in all variants of easily assembled rooms was negative. At the same time, during boxing without insulation elements, the temperature was -5.3 ° С, which is slightly lower than the permissible values ​​recommended for dairy cattle. The best values ​​among prefabricated premises in terms of microclimate indicators, bioclimatic indices, resting place temperatures and energy costs for heat production were for the use of polycarbonate glass insulation systems during the winter period. The use of elements of insulation of easily assembled premises provided the lowest among the studied options of premises reduction of productivity in the period of low-temperature load.
STUDY OF DIAZINONE IN MODEL PREPARATIONS BASED ON METHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL BY HIGHLY EFFICIENCY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC)
Authors: Korobova O. V. , Samarska L. K. , Humenjuk S. L. , Bereziyk M. I. , Poliuzhyn L .I. , Tkachenko V. І. , Dushna O. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the stability of diazinon in two model mixtures in which the active substance content is 10%. Methyl and isopropyl alcohols were used as a basis for the production of model solutions with diazinon. According to the recipe of model drugs, methyl or isopropyl alcohols make up about half of the content of drug components.

The diazinon content was determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on 3, 14 and 21 days for the model mixture with methyl alcohol and on 14 and 50 days for the mixture with isopropyl alcohol.

A significant number of publications have been devoted to the study of the degradation of diazinon and other nonspecific organophosphorus pesticides under the influence of various factors. However, it remains relevant to study this process in mixtures of a certain composition, in particular in new veterinary drugs under development. This article presents a comparison of the results of determination the content of diazinon in model mixtures based on methyl and isopropyl alcohols.

The analyzes were performed on a Knauer liquid chromatograph with a spectrophotometric detector equipped with a Luna® Omega Polar C 18 150 × 4.6 mm column filled with a 5 μm sorbent of Phenomenex particle size with a 4 × 3.0 mm universal C 18 protective column. Mobile phase: degassed mixture of acetonitrile: water in the ratio 65:35, flow rate 1.1 ml / min at a column temperature of 20 °C, detection at a wavelength of 245 nm, injection volume - 0.050 ml, time of one separation - 20 minutes.

It was found that the content of diazinon on the 21st day of storage of the model mixture based on methyl alcohol is about 30 % of the applied, while on the 50th day of storage of the model mixture based on isopropyl alcohol – 97 %.

As we found in previous studies, the use of methyl alcohol is a probable factor in the breakdown of diazinon in the drug. The appearance of the peak of one of the products of diazinon for 3 min of the chromatogram of solutions of the production experimental preparation and the model mixture made in the HPLC laboratory with the solvent methanol was noted. When replacing methanol with isopropanol, the chromatogram of the drug solution did not show the appearance of an additional peak, except for the peak identified as diazinon. The use of isopropyl alcohol does not reduce the concentration of diazinon in the model mixture, as in the case of methanol. The composition with isopropyl alcohol provides relative stability of the model mixture.
TURNOVER MONITORING OF ANTIMICROBIAL VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE USED IN THE TREATMENT OF MASTITIS IN DIARY COWS
Authors: Kosenko Yu. M. , Ostapiv N. V. , Zaruma L. E. , Ponomarova S. A.
Published: January 2022

The goal of this study was to continue the implementation of the OIE recommendations for monitoring sales amounts of antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products. The subject of the study were intramammary antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products, which were used to treat and prevent mastitis in cows. The problem of diagnostic, treating, and preventing mastitis is crucial for farms, as mastitis is a multifactorial disease that can cause significant economic losses. One of the principal factors in the development of mastitis is the invasion of pathogens, which causes subclinical and clinical infections of the udder. Antimicrobials for intramammary use has been a significant advance in the treatment of this disease, in both the lactation and dry-off periods. The study was conducted over four periods (from January 1 to December 31) during 2016-2019. The data were obtained through a written survey of marketing authorization holders and distributors and evaluated by qualitative and quantitative indices. Characteristics of annual sales amounts during 2016-2019 are presented by classes of antimicrobial substances in «kg» and «%» of active ingredients, as well as in defined daily DDDvet and course DCDvet doses for 1000 animals. Intramammary antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products occupied (0.06-0.44) % part among all antimicrobials sold.

The classes of antimicrobial substances that are most often sold (penicillins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines) were determined and were shown the differences in their use in the composition of products intended for lactating and dry cows. Mass fractions were also determined, and daily DDDvet and course DCDvet doses per 1000 animals were calculated, which allowed revealing particular trends in sales of antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products for intramammary administration. The defined course doses for the products intended for lactating cows were 5 times higher, than for the products used in the dry-off period.

 First-generation and third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were among the critically important veterinary medicinal products, but their sales were not annual. Cephalosporins of all generations and fluoroquinolones are characterized by a tendency to decrease in sales amounts, which testify to their prudent use following the National Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance, 2019.

This study is maintenance of the national monitoring system implementation for the rational and prudent use of antimicrobial products in veterinary medicine.
EXPRESS METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF GENERAL FEED TOXICITY USING BIOLUMINESCENT MICROORGANISMS PHOTOBACTERIUM PHOSPHOREUM
Authors: Kurbatska O. V. , Orobchenko O. L.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work was to develop an express method for determining the general toxicity of feed using bioluminescent microorganisms Photobacterium phosphoreum. The article describes the stages of development and the algorithm for the implementation of the express method. The development of an express method for biotesting feeds using photobacteria as a biosensor was to determine the possibility of Ph. рhosphoreum to provide an adequate assessment in the event of the action of toxicants, to test the preparation of feed samples for research and to establish the optimal exposure to determine the toxicity of the feed: the optimal feed weight was 10.0 g of extractant ethanol with a volume of 20.0 cm3; the method of extraction (vigorous shaking (15-20) min or extraction with periodic stirring for 24 hours, and the exposure before the study – (20-25) min.

The algorithm of the express method for determining the total toxicity of feed using bioluminescent microorganisms Photobacterium phosphoreum is as follows: a sample of feed weighing 10.0 g is crushed, transferred to a glass bottle, filled with 96° ethanol with a volume of 20 cm3 (this volume can be brought up to 50 cm3, so that alcohol completely covered the sample) and extracted with vigorous shaking (15-20) min. or left for 24 hours, then centrifuged at (1.5-2.0) thous. / min 10 min, after which the supernatant liquid is taken and examined on an EMILITE-1003 A luminometer. During testing, 0.02 cm3 of extract is added to the culture liquid in a volume of 1.0 cm3, the exposure time is noted and changes in the luminescence intensity are recorded on the device through (20-25) min. Under the same conditions, 96° ethanol was added as a control. Measurements are carried out sequentially or in pairs of control-experience, or at once all replicates of control samples, and then research ones. To obtain more reliable values, we recommend examining at least 4 replicates of samples (the number of replicates can be increased to 10).
RESEARCH OF FEED FOR PRODUCTIVE ANIMALS FOR DETERMINATION OF GENERAL MICROBIAL POLLUTION
Authors: Kushnir I. M. , Kolodiy G. V. , Murska S. D. , Semen I. S. , Berbeka U. Z.
Published: January 2022

The article describes the results of microbiological studies of feed for productive animals. The main purpose of this study was to determine the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative-anaerobic microorganisms, isolation and identification of microorganisms and determine their sensitivity to antibiotics.

In result of the conducted researches it`s established that the general microbial pollution of the investigated samples slightly exceeded indicators of permissible norm, that as a whole made 18 %.

When conducting identification of cultures, the following microorganisms were isolated - Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Herewith no enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli were detected.

The isolated microorganisms showed different sensitivity to the studied antibiotics. To the oxacillin sensitive were only two isolates of E. coli and P. aeruginosa and one isolate of Enterobacter spp. all other isolated microorganisms were resistant. To the ampicillin resistant were one isolate of P. aeruginosa, two isolates of Enterobacter spp., and two isolates of E. coli.

 To the streptomycin, amikacini and gentamicin sensitive were all isolated microorganisms, highly sensitive to streptomycin - Enterobacter spp., amikacin, gentamicin - Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., P. aeruginosa, ofloxacin - E. сoli, P. аeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp.

 To the ciprofloxacine resistant were one isolate of E. coli and Enterobacter spp. Also it was found that five isolates of P. aeruginosa and three isolates of Enterobacter spp. and E. coli, two - Klebsiella spp. were resistant to cefazolin. Resistant were two isolates of Klebsiella spp. and one isolate of Enterobacter spp. with zones of growth retardation 9 - 9,7 mm.

To the canakamycin, moderately sensitive were isolates of P. aeruginosa, sensitive were isolates of Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and E. coli.

Regarding polymyxin B, different isolates of P. aeruginosa had different sensitivity to this antibiotic, of which two isolated isolates were moderately sensitive and three isolates were sensitive.

In determining the sensitivity, it was found out that the resistance of isolated isolates of Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., E. coli and P. aeruginosa to oxacillin was 80 %, ampicillin and cefazolin – 20 %, ciprofloxacin – 13.3 %. Among the isolated microorganisms, 20 % were moderately sensitive to ampicillin, 13.3 % to tetracycline, 33.3 % to canakamycin, 53.3 % to rifampicin, and 20 % to polymyxin B.
STUDY OF PROBIOTIC ACTIVITY AND SAFETY OF LACTOBACTERIA ISOLATED IN POULTRY FARMS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Machuskyy O. V.
Published: January 2022

The use of probiotics is quite common in poultry, as they reduce the use of antimicrobials, improve poultry digestion and increase feed conversion.

The aim of the study was to study the probiotic properties and safety of lactobacilli isolated in poultry farms in Ukraine. For the study, samples were taken from poultry farms in Ukraine, in four regions. Samples of manure and washes from drinking troughs were taken from each of the farms. A total of 40 samples were taken. The delivered samples were examined in the conditions of the Ukrainian laboratory of quality and safety of agro-industrial complex products. Morphological, cultural, enzymatic properties, catalase activity, probiotic properties (synthesis of organic acids, resistance to bile, antagonistic properties and adhesive properties) and safety were investigated in the isolated microorganisms.

As a result of the study of the selected samples, 56 isolates of lactobacilli were isolated. Since we were interested in isolates with probiotic properties, a study of isolates on the indicator of "resistance to bile" was conducted. As a result of this study, four isolates were identified that were resistant to 1 % bile in the environment, these microorganisms were decided to study the rest of the indicators. According to the results of determining the enzymatic properties, it was determined that isolate 1 belongs to Lactobacillus acidophilus, isolate 2 - Lactobacillus casei, isolate 3 - Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and isolate 4 - Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The isolate of Lactobacillus acidophilus had a medium antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and a high one against Escherichia coli. Lactobacillus casei isolate had moderate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Lactobacillus delbrueckii isolate had high antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The isolate of Lactobacillus rhamnosus had a medium antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and a high one against Escherichia coli. All four studied isolates had an average adhesion index.
GROWING OF ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTS OF GUINEA-FOWLS IN PRIVATE ECONOMY
Authors: Pustova N. V.
Published: January 2022

The growing of guinea-fowls to increase the variety of products of the poultry farming to due to dietary products – eggs and meat of guinea-fowls. The method of researches foresaw the study of features of guinea-fowls as to the kind and productive qualities of breeds, populaces and crosses. Bases of maintenance and care are of guinea-fowls in a private economy, at enclosure and pasture maintenance of bird.

The breeds of guinea-fowls are most widespread – grey, blue, colorful (white-brisket) and whites of breed. Populaces of guinea-fowls: blue, cream, black (violet, dark), light violet (lavender), blue-violet (light-blue, lilac), yellow brown guinea-fowl, yellow (tin, copper). Guinea-fowls-broilers are created in France: cross-country races of ESSOR MI.LF but ESSOR ML.FL.

Bird well acclimatization, not especially sensible to the cold and not whimsical to the terms of maintenance; grow guinea-fowls in an ordinary apartment without the permanent heating. Especially well a sapling grows to 2,5 – monthly age. Grown man individuals usually hold to two years. It is upon completion hammered (to this time they become well fattened) in laying guinea-fowls and superfluous males in age three – five months, because for them more tender meat, than for a grown man bird. A bird can become laying already in 7 months, on condition of maintenance of them at this time in an apartment, at temperatures +14...+18 °С and to duration of light day 16 hours. There duration of the intensive bearing – 20-24 and to 36 weeks. Males arrive at puberty later females and pedigree season for them shorter – 12-16 weeks, sexual correlation is a 1 male on 4 females. For a pedigree season from every female it is possible to get on the average for 100-150 eggs. On the biological indexes of meat guinea-fowl it is considered the best from meat of poultry. Meat of guinea-fowls it is in quality attributed to the best, dietary – useful, irreplaceable source valuable an albumen. Food and agricultural organization of UNO (FAO) defined meat and egg of guinea-fowls as valuable, high-quality food of man stuffs.

To conduct guinea-fowls expediently for addition to the market by valuable, dietary food stuffs – ecological egg and meat. A positive price on products is instrumental in rapid recoupment of this production, and possibility to cut prime cost unit of products to due to reduction of prices of forage and unpretentiousness to maintenance of guinea-fowls.
STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY AND ECOLOGICAL TOXICITY OF BAIT FOR DESTRUCTION OF RATS AND MICE «BIOSAN» ON LABORATORY RODENTS
Authors: Sachuk R. M. , Velesik T. A. , Zhyhalyuk S. V. , Gutiy B. V. , Stravsky Ya. S. , Katsaraba O. A. , Pepko V. O. , Mahrelo N. V.
Published: January 2022

The results of research show that the bait for the destruction of rats and mice «Biosan» rats eat willingly, completely. At simultaneous setting, in portable feeders, standard granulated feed and feed substrates of the manufacturer, rodents prefer the latter.

On the 2nd day in experimental rats there was a slight inhibition of behavioral reactions, frequent approaches to drinking. There was a slight increase in the frequency of respiratory movements – by 10 units on average. No clinical changes were detected in experimental mice.

On day 3 of the study, the average respiratory rate increased to 155 units per minute. In animals, there was a tendency to increase heart rate - tachycardia by 8,95 %. In two cages with rats - refusal of food, in others - reduction of food intake by 35 %. In one specimen, the rat has a visible leak from the nostril, the hair is bulging, there are traces of subcutaneous bleeding around the anus, there is no reaction to touch. No clinical changes were detected in the experimental mice, the food was eaten.

Blood tests showed anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, characteristic of inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract.

Interstitial pneumonia, rupture of the lateral venules of the left thigh, and cardiopathy were found in rats euthanized. On the fifth day, all experimental rats died.

Experimental mice showed signs of anemia (mucosal cyanosis) and behavioral disturbances, loss of appetite, or refusal to feed.

Experimental mice died for 7-8 days. The carcasses of animals are bluish, swollen, with signs of cardiopathy and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

The results of histological examinations and morphometric parameters in organs and tissues indicate that the initial changes occur in the immune organs (lymph nodes and spleen), and then the pathological process involves the lungs, heart, kidneys, liver and other organs.

Bait for the destruction of rats and mice «Biosan» is made from concentrate «Bromadialone, 1,0%, solution», which, according to the parameters of acute oral and dermal toxicity, belongs to the 2nd class of highly dangerous compounds in relation to DSanPiN 8.8.1.2.002 -98 and SOU 85.2-37-736: 2011; does not pose an inhalation hazard (the active substance is not a volatile substance), but has an extremely pronounced cumulative property.

In the future it is planned to carry out complex deratization with the use of the drug «Bait for the destruction of rats and mice «Biosan».
HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF BROILER CHICKENS AFTER ACTION OF «ENTERONORMIN» IN COMPLEX WITH IODINE AND SELENIUM
Authors: Fiyalkovskiy P. , Broda N. , Vishchur О. , Mudrak D.
Published: January 2022

The uncontrolled use of antibiotics, sulfanilamide preparations, coccidiostatics and numerous vaccinations leads to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, immunodeficiency and death of bird. In view of this, probiotics have been used to normalize the microflora of the intestine and the strengthening of immune and antioxidant functions. Microbial preparations from associations of non-pathogenic bacteria have a positive effect on performance and natural resistance of poultry, contribute to the restoration of a healthy microbiom and generally improve the efficiency of growing broilers. Therefore, in order to obtain biologically full and environmentally friendly poultry products, it is recommended to use synbiotic preparations from the first days of life.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of indicators characterizing the hematological profile of broiler chickens during their cultivation under the action of the synbiotic preparation "Enteronormin" activated by aqueous solution of iodine and selenium. The drug contains living crops of useful microorganisms, the genus Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp. and bacteria Bacillus subtilis, chitosan water-soluble, peptone microbiological, as a source of vitamins of the group B and indispensable amino acids. The results of conducted experimental studies have shown that the use of chicken broilers of the synbiotic drug "Enteronormin" in a complex with iodine and selenium caused a stimulus effect on the oxygen-transport function of blood. As evidenced by a greater number of erythrocytes and concentration of hemoglobin in the blood of chicken broilers of the experimental group in relation to control in all periods of research.