bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gebrauch und Missbrauch von Nashids – Nutzung religiöser Gesänge für extremistische Zwecke
Authors: Bajwa Rashid , Ahmed Kaser , Nadeem Mohammad , Hosseini Diba , Brandes Felix , Kunze Sabrina , Ohls Isgard
Published: November 2024

In diesem Beitrag wird die Rolle von Nashids im Verständnis religiöser Gesänge in militant-islamistischer Propaganda thematisiert. Es wurde anhand einer datenbankgestützten Literaturrecherche versucht, bisher gewonnene Erkenntnisse zum Thema darzulegen. Dabei zeigte sich, dass Nashids ein zentrales Mittel für Propaganda- und Mobilisierungszwecke sind und entsprechend Einsatz finden. Des Weiteren werden in szenetypischen Nashids einschlägige Inhalte vermittelt, die insbesondere von einem stark dualistischen Weltbild sowie von Verschwörungsnarrativen geprägt sind.

Hinsichtlich der Wirkung von Nashids auf Konsumierende lassen sich relevante Hinweise auf emotionaler, geistiger und identitätsstiftender Ebene feststellen.
Distinct Strategies Regulate Correlated Ion Channel mRNAs and Ionic Currents in Continually versus Episodically Active Neurons
Authors: Viteri Jose A. , Temporal Simone , Schulz David J.
Published: November 2024

Relationships among membrane currents allow central pattern generator (CPG) neurons to reliably drive motor programs. We hypothesize that continually active CPG neurons utilize activity-dependent feedback to correlate expression of ion channel genes to balance essential membrane currents. However, episodically activated neurons experience absences of activity-dependent feedback and, thus, presumably employ other strategies to coregulate the balance of ionic currents necessary to generate appropriate output after periods of quiescence. To investigate this, we compared continually active pyloric dilator (PD) neurons with episodically active lateral gastric (LG) CPG neurons of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) in maleCancer borealiscrabs. After experimentally activating LG for 8 h, we measured three potassium currents and abundances of their corresponding channel mRNAs. We found that ionic current relationships were correlated in LG's silent state, but ion channel mRNA relationships were correlated in the active state. In continuously active PD neurons, ion channel mRNAs and ionic currents are simultaneously correlated. Therefore, two distinct relationships exist between channel mRNA abundance and the ionic current encoded in these cells: in PD, a direct correlation exists betweenShalchannel mRNA levels and the A-type potassium current it carries. Conversely, such channel mRNA–current relationships are not detected and appear to be temporally uncoupled in LG neurons. Our results suggest that ongoing feedback maintains membrane current and channel mRNA relationships in continually active PD neurons, while in LG neurons, episodic activity serves to establish channel mRNA relationships necessary to produce the ionic current profile necessary for the next bout of activity.
Enhanced mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete sculpture material with wood fibers reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Abdullah Muhammad Fadhil Wong bin
Published: November 2024

This study examined the mechanical characteristics of 3D printed concrete utilized in sculpture materials, with an emphasis on the incorporation of wood fibers. A series of experiments were conducted to probe into the wood fiber-reinforced 3D printed concrete sculpture materials. Through mechanical and microscopic examinations, the role of flexible fibers in enhancing the bearing capacity of concrete 3D printed components was investigated. The results indicated that an optimal amount of wood fiber addition significantly improved the mechanical properties of the concrete sculpture materials. At the interlayer interface, wood fibers exhibited elongation, thereby mitigating the specimen damage. However, beyond a certain threshold, the mechanical properties tended to decline due to either the agglomeration or direct dislodgment of wood fibers at the interlayer interface, which resulted in an absence of notable deformation. This scenario thereby failed to impede crack propagation. Hydrophobic performance assays revealed an elevation in surface hydrophobicity of 3D printed concrete sculpture materials with the inclusion of wood fibers. Yet, an excessive amount of wood fibers caused a gradual reduction in the contact angle, implying a decrease in the hydrophobicity of the material surface.
Lithuania's road to the World History
Authors: Gudavičius Edvardas
Published: November 2024

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Mariia Maksymovych’s Embroidered Shirt: A Study of the Ornament
Authors: Oliynyk Maryna
Published: November 2024

The results of the research of the embroidered ornament of Mariia Maksymovych’s shirt, preserved at the Taras Shevchenko Literary Memorial House-Museum are described in the article. The study of the issues related to Ukrainian history and national identity is a relevant topic interesting for the scientists as well as for the general public. Modern ethnological studies have faced the issue of investigation of Ukrainian ornamentation in the system of cross-cultural approaches. The research methodology is based on the works of such scholars as Khv. Vovk, O. Kosach, St. Taranushenko, T. Kara-Vasylieva, M. Selivachov, H. Hough. The history of the transfer to the museum and the technological features of the embroidered shirt of Mariia Maksymovych are studied thoroughly in the work Mariia Maksymovych’s Shirt by O. Karpenko (2012). Our investigation is dedicated to the discovery of a possible original source of the embroidery ornament of Mariia Maksymovych’s shirt. As a result of the search, identical patterns have been found. They are published in a series of works by the DMC textile company. It has published books and albums on needlework under the name brand of Th. Dillmont (a famous popularizer of embroidery art in the 19th century). Some doubts about the authenticity of Mariia Maksymovych’s shirt have been raised with a found information. However, a deeper study of the issue has showed that the DMC firm has attracted previously printed schemes to its published works. So, at the moment, we cannot state unequivocally that the embroidered shirt hasn’t belonged to Mariia Maksymovych. The submitted materials reveal new perspectives for the study of intercultural influences of embroidery ornamentation. The pattern on the shirt preserved at the Taras Shevchenko Literary and Memorial Museum will be considered also in the context of the heritage of the authoritative Austrian connoisseur of embroidery art Th. Dillmont after our research.
Prophylaxis Options in Children With a History of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gkiourtzis Nikolaos , Stoimeni Anastasia , Glava Agni , Chantavaridou Sofia , Michou Panagiota , Cheirakis Konstantinos , Lalayiannis Alexander D. , Hulton Sally A. , Tramma Despoina
Published: November 2024

CONTEXT

The prevention of urinary tract infection recurrence (UTI) in children has been a challenge yet to be solved. Current practice in children with recurrent UTI (RUTI) suggests that antibiotic prophylaxis may prevent further episodes of UTI and future complications.

OBJECTIVE

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing prophylaxis options for the prevention of UTI and kidney scarring in children with a history of RUTI.

DATA SOURCES

We conducted a systematic literature search through major electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Library) up to November 26th, 2023. Mean difference and SD were used for continuous outcomes and odds ratio for dichotomous outcomes.

STUDY SELECTION

Our meta-analysis included 3335 participants from 23 studies.

DATA EXTRACTION

The primary outcome was the effect of the different prophylaxis options on the incidence of symptomatic UTI in children with RUTI during prophylactic treatment.

RESULTS

Cranberry products and nitrofurantoin lead to lower odds of symptomatic UTI episodes during prophylaxis compared with the control group and control, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or trimethoprim groups accordingly. Nitrofurantoin may be the best option for UTI incidence reduction compared with all available documented interventions.

LIMITATIONS

No prophylaxis option has been shown to reduce kidney scarring.

CONCLUSIONS

Nitrofurantoin and cranberry products may decrease the incidence of symptomatic UTI episodes in pediatric patients with a history of RUTI. Future randomized control trials studying nonantibiotic prophylaxis options focusing on children with UTI recurrence and the risk for kidney scarring are needed to draw further conclusions.
O sulicídio e o sulicídio da literatura nordestina
Authors: Maia Mateus de Novaes
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho aproxima o movimento literário contemporâneo do sertãopunk — que explora narrativas ligadas ao cyberpunk ambientadas na região nordestina — ao projeto político-literário da Literatura do Norte, de Franklin Távora — autor pioneiro do regionalismo nordestino. Defende-se que ambos apropriarem-se de formas literárias estrangeiras para representar o Nordeste brasileiro a partir de uma perspectiva emancipatória, fazendo frente às discursividades exotizantes sobre a região, correntes desde o século XIX de Távora. Superando os estigmas impostos sobre a literatura nordestina, historicamente considerada subalterna por parte da crítica literária, tanto em relação às suas formas quanto aos seus temas, Távora e os autores ligados ao sertãopunk foram capazes de subverter os discursos hegemônicos sobre a região. Um dos proponentes do sertãopunk chama essa demanda pela autodeterminação de “sulicídio da literatura nordestina” em referência à faixa homônima de Baco Exu do Blues e Diomedes Chinaski em que ambos questionam a invisibilização de rappers do Nordeste do país em relação a seus pares do eixo sul-sudeste. Na mesma medida em que Távora inverte a lógica que desqualificava a produção literária do Norte brasileiro como “provinciana” ao simultaneamente reivindicar uma proximidade com um substrato nacional que faltaria aos seus críticos no coração do império e estabelecer um diálogo criativo com as tendências estrangeiras que despontavam então, os autores do sertãopunk vão de encontro às noções de que a região Nordeste seria atrasada em relação ao resto do Brasil ao elaborar histórias que não só projetam personagens nordestinas para um futuro altamente tecnológico, mas lhes conferem um protagonismo historicamente negado.
A vízpótlás talajvízszintre gyakorolt hatásának értékelése egy délnyugat-magyarországi példán keresztül
Authors: Herceg András , Kalicz Péter , Zagyvainé Kiss Katalin Anita , Szolgay Ján , Horváth László , Gallai Bence , Gribovszki Zoltán
Published: November 2024

Az Európát is érintő jelenlegi, napjainkban zajló éghajlatváltozás statisztikailag szignifikáns felmelegedési tendenciával jellemezhető. Az éghajlatváltozás hatása a csapadékviszonyok és az evapotranszspirációs folyamatok megváltoztatásán keresztül érinti a vízkörforgalmat, így a csapadék eloszlásának és mennyiségének várható változásai a folyamatosan emelkedő hőmérséklettel együtt a növények nagyobb vízfelhasználását eredményezhetik, ami változásokat indukálhat a talajnedvességben, a talajvízben és ennek következtében a vízmérlegben. Az emelkedő hőmérséklet hatására a jövőben a növekvő transzspirációs igény valószínűleg a növényi közösségek fokozott talajvízfelvételét eredményezi, ami a talajvízszint további csökkenését is magával vonhatja. Ha ez bekövetkezik, a talajvízfüggő erdei közösségek regenerálódása ezeken a területeken kérdésessé válik, mivel a fiatal fák gyökérzete nem fogja tudni elérni a vízforrást. Következésképpen a Kárpát-medence sík vidékein és vizes élőhelyein a nagy vízigényű erdők fennmaradása kérdésessé válhat. A fás vegetáció számára kiemelten fontos a talajvíz szerepe a vegetációs időszakban, éppen ezért a talajvízszint változását régóta, rendszeresen monitorozzák.

Konkrét megoldás lehet az árhullámok visszaduzzasztásából származó vízpótlás. A pozitív vízpótlási beavatkozásokra példa a Kaszó LIFE projekt. A projekt célja a leromlott élőhelyek rehabilitációja volt, ami a kedvező ökológiai állapot stabilizálásával teszi lehetővé a hosszú távú megőrzést. A megvalósítás eszközeként tórehabilitációt és folyó-mederbordákat alkalmaztak, biztosítva a Szentai-erdő (Nyugat-belső-somogyi kistérség) erdeinek, kis lápjainak és gyepterületeinek vízellátás javítását.

Jelen kutatás célja pedig a Kaszó LIFE projekt vízpótlási beavatkozásai után, azok felszín alatti vízszintre gyakorolt hidrológiai hatásainak elemzése volt. A meteorológiai adatok és a monitoring adatok alapján elmondható, hogy a Szentai-erdőben 30 éves szárazodási tendencia volt tapasztalható, amelynek elsődleges mutatója a talajvízszint csökkenése. Kiemelendőek a 2016–2017-es vizsgálati időszak évei, amikor az alapvetően lefolyástalan vizsgálati területen nem volt elegendő csapadék a talajvíz szintjének fenntartásához. Kutatási eredményeink azonban azt mutatták, hogy a vízpótlást célzó beavatkozások (mederbordák és tározótavak) összességében a talajvízszint emelkedését biztosítják.

A két beavatkozási típus talajvízszint emelkedésére gyakorolt hatását vizsgálva arra a következtetésre jutottunk, hogy míg a tavak építése jelentősen befolyásolja a környező kutak vízszintjét, addig a mederbordák esetében kisebb mértékű a hatás.
Examination of weight loss and colour changes in Golden Delicious apples under light and dark storage conditions
Authors: Kassebi Salma , Korzenszky Péter
Published: November 2024

This study analyzed the impact of storing Golden Delicious apples at 3 °C with a relative humidity of 85 ± 5% in two environments, namely a darkroom (D03) and a lightroom (L03), on the fruit quality. The research evaluated weight loss (Δm) and color metrics (a*, b*, L*, ΔE, C*, hue angle). The number of apples used for each storage was 12. Weight loss was calculated by measuring the changes in mass during storage. Color differences (ΔE), chroma (C*), and hue angle were determined based on the L*a*b* scale values. Apples stored at 3 °C in D03 experienced a minimal percentage of weight loss of 7.02%. The results indicated that compared to the D03 storage, the L03 storage had a more significant increase in Δm and color variation. The non-destructive method of measuring color characteristics facilitates the assessment of the storage conditions for Golden Delicious apples.
Development of mathematical modeling of a mobile robot's motion control system
Authors: Issabekov Zhanibek , Bektilevov Aldabergen , Baiturganova Vinera , Zhamuratova Makhabbat , Rakhmetova Perizat
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on developing a mathematical model for precise control and stabilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in various spatial conditions. Addressing the problem of achieving precise control and stability, the proposed solution designs a control system based on a linear-quadratic controller (LQR) and simulates it using a proportional-derivative (PD) controller implemented in Matlab/Simulink. The results demonstrate high precision and stability in controlling the UAV motion parameters – roll, pitch, yaw, and altitude. This important level of performance is achieved due to the adaptivity of the LQR-based control system, which optimizes control actions according to the unsteady dynamics of the UAV. The integration of the PD controller improves responsiveness and stability, providing precise motion control over a range of spatial states. These features effectively solve the problem by handling the complex dynamics of the UAV and providing precise control. The results are explained by the ability of the LQR to provide optimal control laws that minimize deviations using a quadratic cost function, while the PD controller quickly corrects errors and responds to disturbances. The benefits of this approach include a significant reduction in control errors by about 25–30 %, increased response speed to external disturbances, and reduced computational latency due to efficient processing compared to more resource-intensive methods such as model predictive control. The developed mathematical model can be applied in practice in conditions requiring robust real-time control and adaptation to dynamic changes in the environment. It is especially suitable for industries such as logistics, surveillance, and environmental monitoring, providing an effective and optimal solution for stabilizing and controlling the motion of UAVs in various spatial states. This approach improves the performance of UAVs and expands their capabilities in various operating conditions.
Determining the influence of raw milk β-casein polymorphism on the efficiency of making soft cheese
Authors: Ladyka Volodymyr , Bolhova Nataliia , Synenko Tetiana , Skliarenko Yuriy , Vechorka Viktoriia
Published: November 2024

One of the ways to increase the profitability of the cheese industry is the genetic selection of dairy cows to obtain milk with excellent cheese-capacity characteristics. The object of this study is the technology of fresh soft cheeses made by the acid-rennet and thermo-acid method from the milk of cows with different β-casein genotypes (A1A1, A1A2, A2A2). The subjects of research are the physicochemical indicators of raw milk from cows with different genotypes for β-casein (A1A1, A1A2, A2A2); as well as the yield of soft cheeses. The study has established that the physicochemical parameters of milk from cows with different β-casein genotypes are typical for fresh cow's milk. The study showed that with the acid-rennet method, the composition of cheeses from A1A1 milk was 51.60 %, 21.63 %, and 23.62 % of moisture, protein, and fat, respectively. A1A2 milk cheeses contained 50.70 % moisture, 20.96 % protein, and 25.12 % fat. A2A2 milk cheeses consisted of 52.50 % moisture, 20.70 % protein, and 23.71 % fat. With the thermo-acid method, cheeses from A1A1 milk were characterized by the moisture content of 55.13 %, proteins – 23.31 %, and fat – 20.21 %. A1A2 milk cheeses contained 58.13 %, 22.62 %, and 17.98 % of moisture, protein, and fat, respectively. A2A2 milk cheeses consisted of 54.03 % moisture, 22.33 % protein, and 22.25 % fat. The calculation of the production efficiency of soft cheeses from the milk of cows with different genotypes according to β-casein with the acid-rennet method of production is 119.3 % on average, which is more compared to milk A1A2 (by 4 %) and A2A2 (by 7 %). With the thermo-acidic method, the efficiency of cheese production from A2A2 milk is 107.5 %, which is higher compared to A1A2 milk (by 9 %) and A1A1 (by 5 %). The conclusions show that changes in the β-casein genotype in raw milk can affect the yield and quality of cheese, and therefore, the profitability of production
Development of a neural network with a layer of trainable activation functions for the second stage of the ensemble classifier with stacking
Authors: Galchonkov Oleg , Baranov Oleksii , Antoshchuk Svetlana , Maslov Oleh , Babych Mykola
Published: November 2024

One of the promising directions for improving the quality of object recognition in images and parallelizing calculations is the use of ensemble classifiers with stacking. A neural network at the second level makes it possible to achieve the resulting quality of classification, which is significantly higher than each of the networks of the first level separately. The classification quality of the entire ensemble classifier with stacking depends on the efficiency of the neural networks at the first stage, their number, and the quality of the classification of the neural network of the second stage. This paper proposes a neural network architecture for the second stage of the ensemble classifier, which combines the approximating properties of traditional neurons and learning activation functions. Gaussian Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) were chosen to implement the learned activation functions, which are summed with the learned weights. The experimental studies showed that when working with the CIFAR-10 data set, the best results are obtained when six RBFs are used. A comparison with the use of multilayer perceptron (MLP) in the second stage showed a reduction in classification errors by 0.45–1.9 % depending on the number of neural networks in the first stage. At the same time, the proposed neural network architecture for the second degree had 1.69–3.7 times less learning coefficients than MLP. This result is explained by the fact that the use of an output layer with ordinary neurons allowed us not to enter into the architecture many learning activation functions for each output signal of the first stage, but to limit ourselves to only one. Since the results were obtained on the CIFAR-10 universal data set, a similar effect could be obtained on a large number of similar practical data sets.
Development of technology for fermented milk product “Gatyg” based on buckwheat varieties grown in Azerbaijan
Authors: Akhundova Nazilya , Babashli Aynur , Gadimova Natavan
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is the production of the national fermented milk product “Gatyg” based on sprouts of buckwheat varieties grown in Azerbaijan. Buckwheat is one of the most important grain food crops, contains protein of high nutritional value and a significant amount of dietary fiber, vitamins B1, B2 and E, as well as minerals. Rutin and quercetin are the main antioxidants in buckwheat. Due to the high rutin content, buckwheat is used to maintain the functional capabilities of the vascular system. The biological value of buckwheat proteins is more than 90 %.
A recipe and technology for the fermented milk product “Gatyg” based on buckwheat varieties grown in Azerbaijan were developed. The conducted studies allowed determining the best parameters of BAS extraction to achieve extractive substances in the extracts up to 20–25 %. The yield of flavonoids is 93 %.
The content of BAS and flavonoids during the germination of buckwheat seeds, as well as the conditions for their extraction from sprouts of buckwheat grown in Azerbaijan, were studied. The quality indicators of the obtained product, enriched with sprouted buckwheat seeds, are distinguished by high taste and aromatic characteristics. It was found that it is advisable to include 7 % buckwheat sprouts in the composition of a product for therapeutic and prophylactic nutrition.
Development of a method for analyzing and forecasting the state of multidimensional objects using a metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Tarkhan Aqeel Bahr , Sova Oleg , Lebedynskyi Andrii , Dehtiar Yurii , Lytvynenko Oleksandr , Minochkin Dmytro , Petrukovych Dmytro , Pimonov Ihor , Kosolapov Viktor , Honcharuk Dmytro
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is multidimensional objects. The problem solved in the study is to increase the efficiency of assessing the state of multidimensional objects, regardless of the number of dimensions of object state assessment. The subject of the study is the process of assessing the state of multidimensional objects using an advanced butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), an advanced genetic algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks.
The originality of the study is as follows:
– the initial setting of butterfly agents (BA) on the plane of multidimensional objects is carried out taking into account the type of uncertainty using appropriate correction factors for the degree of awareness of nectar source locations (in our case, priority search directions);
– adjusting the initial BA velocity allows determining search priority;
– the fitness of BA nectar collection sites is determined, which reduces the time for assessing the state of multidimensional objects;
– the possibility of global restart of the algorithm, which allows the algorithm to go beyond the current optimum and improve the exploration ability, which reduces the time for assessing the state of multidimensional objects;
– the possibility of clarification at the stage of collecting nectar clusters due to ranking nectar sources by the level of stimulus intensity;
– improved ability to select the best BA in comparison with traditional selection using an advanced genetic algorithm.
The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of assessing the state of multidimensional objects under uncertainty and risks characterized by a high degree of complexity. The method showed a 14–16 % increase in the efficiency of assessing the state of multidimensional objects
Development of a method for protecting information resources in a corporate network by segmenting traffic
Authors: Tolkachov Maksym , Dzheniuk Nataliia , Yevseiev Serhii , Lysetskyi Yurii , Shulha Volodymyr , Grod Ivan , Faraon Serhii , Ivanchenko Ihor , Pasko Igor , Balagura Dmytro
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is a corporate network with a dynamic structure and centralized management. The subject of the research is the processes of ensuring the protection of information resources in the corporate network. The goal is to develop a method of protecting information in the corporate network. The development is based on the Zero Trust Security strategy, according to which access to the network is allowed only after verification and identification of information. The task is to develop an effective method of protecting information resources and managing cyber security in the corporate network, taking into account the complex aspects of malicious influence. The following results were obtained. It is shown that the complex, diverse presentation of information in the network requires a comprehensive approach with the division of mixed content of information into segments according to the target orientation. Based on CISA's (Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency) Zero Trust Maturity Model, a method of targeted traffic segmentation is proposed. It allows detailed analysis of the interaction between applications, users and corporate network infrastructure, which increases the level of complex threats detection by 15 %. A method of protecting information resources of a socio-cyber-physical system is proposed, which, based on the principle of the Zero Trust Security strategy, improves the monitoring and management of cyber security of information resources by taking into account social aspects. This allows to detect and respond to threats in real time and adapt security policies according to the dynamics of user behavior and general security conditions. Integrating analytical methods and modern technologies into a security strategy creates a foundation for adaptive and resilient cyber defense.
Devising a method for detecting an aerial object by radar with an additional channel of passive reception
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Trofymov Ivan , Repilo Iurii , Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Tkachenko Viktor , Kotov Denys , Gridina Valya , Herda Maksym , Kryvosheiev Vitalii , Shvets Mikola
Published: November 2024

The object of this paper is the process of detecting an aerial object by a radar with active and passive reception channels. The main hypothesis of the study assumed that the introduction of an additional channel of passive reception would increase the conditional probability of correct detection at a fixed value of the conditional probability of false alarms.
When detecting an aerial object, it was considered that the signals from aerial object represent a reflected signal after being emitted by the active radar channel elemitted own radio signals. A radar with active and passive reception channels assumes the presence of two channels. The active location channel provides reception of signals reflected from an aerial object, their processing and detection according to the Neumann-Pearson criterion. The passive location channel functions according to the principle of panoramic spectral analysis based on windowed Fourier transforms. The information combining device is intended for the compatible combining of information from active and passive channels of radar reception. At the output of the passive location channel, an output signal is formed, and the coordinates of the aerial object are measured. To ensure the functioning of the radar with active and passive reception channels, it is necessary to ensure the time synchronization of the reception channels.
The quality of detection of aerial objects by radar with active and passive signal reception channels was evaluated. The quality indicator defines the conditional probability of correct detection. The dependences of the conditional probability of correct detection are given for a radar with only an active reception channel and a radar with active and passive reception channels. It was established that the introduction of an additional channel of passive reception to the radar increases the conditional probability of correct detection by an average of (20–40) %, depending on the signal-to-noise ratio.
Identifying patterns in the structural-phase transformations when processing oxide doped waste with the use of carbon reducer
Authors: Poliakov Anatolii , Volokh Vadym , Andreev Andrey , Rebenko Victor , Kurlov Viacheslav , Yamshinskij Mykhail , Lukianenko Ivan , Ivanchenko Dmytro , Zhuravel Dmytro , Kovalenko Iryna
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the structural and phase transformations during the carbon reduction of tungsten high-speed steel slag in order to obtain a resource-saving alloying additive. The problem is the loss of precious elements when obtaining and using alloying material from man-made raw materials. Solving the problem is related to the definition of technological parameters to enable the reduction of losses of the corresponding elements. As a result of increasing the degree of scale reduction from 33 % to 72 % and 85 %, the strengthening of the manifestation of the solid solution of carbon and alloying elements in α-Fe relative to FeWO4, FeO and Fe3O4 was revealed. Fe3C, WC, W2C, FeW3C, Fe3W3C, Fe6W6C, VC, V2C, Cr3C2, Cr7C3 and Cr23C6 also appeared. Along with this, rounded and multifaceted particles with different chemical composition and the formation of a spongy microstructure were found. It was established that the most acceptable degree of recovery is 85 %. But achieving a recovery rate of 72 % is also sufficient. This is explained by the fact that the residual carbon in the carbides provides an increased reducing capacity, which is realized during the further reduction of oxides in the liquid metal during alloying. The spongy microstructure results in faster dissolution in contrast to standard ferroalloys, which provides a reduction in melting time while reducing spent resources. No phases with an increased tendency to sublimation were found in the obtained alloying material. That is, no additional conditions are needed that restrain the loss of alloying elements during evaporation with a gaseous phase, which provides an increase in the degree of extraction of the corresponding elements. The properties of the resulting alloying material make it possible to use it in metallurgical production when smelting alloyed steel grades in an electric arc furnace, the composition of which does not have strict restrictions on the carbon content
Design of an intelligent data analysis platform for pharmaceutical forecasts
Authors: Sokolovska Zoia , Ivchenko Iryna , Ivchenko Oleg
Published: November 2024

This study considers the task to design a data analysis platform with predictive capabilities of neural networks. The object of research is intelligent decision-making systems built on deep learning methods. The proposed intelligent platform takes into account the specificity of working with data in the dynamic and uncertain environment of the pharmaceutical market. Its main purpose is the processing of various data formats, such as time series, regression, classification data sets to create forecasts based on various indicators. At the core of the platform architecture, along with technologies for backend and frontend development (HTML, JS, CSS, C#, .NET), MSSQL Server and TSQL for database management, are AI Microservices (Python, Flask); they are responsible for artificial intelligence services, in particular neural networks.
In order to identify the optimal model, which is able to effectively solve regression problems based on the selected indicators, the study analyzed several configurations of neural networks on End-to-end machine learning platforms. Distinctive features of the architecture of the designed data analysis platform include its ability to dynamically switch between different machine learning models based on predefined indicators and criteria such as prediction accuracy and model selection.
Improved interpretation of forecasts through the use of Explainable AI enables effective decision-making in the pharmaceutical industry. The functioning of the proposed instrumental decision-making base is demonstrated on the examples of forecasting trends in the consumption of pharmaceuticals by different groups in the pharmaceutical markets of different countries. Automating the model selection and prediction loss minimization process in a comprehensive data analysis platform (CDAP) improves forecast accuracy by approximately 15 % compared to traditional manually selected models.
Revealing the effect of hydrothermal processing of legumes on the accumulation of dry matter in aquafaba
Authors: Hrynchenko Olha , Dehtiar Valentyna , Radchenko Anna , Pak Andrey , Smetanska Iryna , Percevoy Fedor
Published: November 2024

Legumes are an affordable source of vegetable protein, fiber, and vitamins, and due to their high nutritional and biological value, they are widely used in the nutrition of various categories of consumers. The main methods of processing legumes include hydromechanical and hydrothermal treatment, which is aimed at achieving culinary readiness of boiled legumes. Studying the parameters of the specified technological process for the accumulation of dry substances in aquafaba could make it possible to influence the composition and properties of this liquid, which would provide opportunities for its use in the food industry.
The influence of hydrothermal processing of leguminous grains on the accumulation of dry matter in aquafaba, as well as the kinetics of moisture content of various types of leguminous grains, have been experimentally investigated, which made it possible to determine the rational parameters of hydromechanical and hydrothermal processing of chickpeas, beans, peas, lentils, with the preparation of boiled leguminous grains and aquafaba.
It was determined that during hydromechanical processing intensive moisture absorption occurs in the first hours and reaches up to 80 % of the initial mass, after which the intensity of water absorption decreases somewhat. Rational technological parameters of hydrothermal processing of leguminous grains by two methods, basic (cooking at a temperature of 99±1 °С) and under pressure (cooking in a pressure cooker at a temperature of 120±1 °С) were established in the relationship "achieving the readiness of legumes – the content of dry substances in aquafaba". The use of the above-mentioned techniques for hydrothermal processing of leguminous grains make it possible to obtain the content of dry substances in aquafaba in the range of 2.8–4.8 % for cooking by the main technique and 3.9–7.0 % under pressure cooking conditions. To understand the processes regarding the influence of hydrothermal processing of legume grains on the accumulation of dry substances, the Peleg model was used.
The experimental data could be used to substantiate parameters for the technological process to produce foods based on legumes
Improving information theory of context-aware phrase embeddings in HR domain
Authors: Bocharova Maiia , Malakhov Eugene
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is context-aware phrase representations. The growing need to automate candidate recruitment and job recommendation processes has paved the way for the utilization of text embeddings. These embeddings involve translating the semantic essence of text into a continuous, high-dimensional vector space. By learning context-aware rich and meaningful representations of phrases within the human resource domain, the efficacy of similarity searches and matching procedures is enhanced, which contributes to a more streamlined and effective recruitment process. However, existing approaches do not take into account the context when modeling phrases. This necessitates the improvement of information technology analysis in this area. In this paper, it is proposed to mark the beginning and end of phrases in the text using special tokens. This made it possible to reduce the requirements for computing power by calculating all phrase representations present in the text simultaneously. The effectiveness of the improvement was tested on a new dataset to compare and evaluate the models in the task of modeling phrases in the field of human resources management. The proposed approach to modeling phrase representations with regard to context in the field of human resources management leads to an improvement in computational efficiency by up to 50 % and an increase in accuracy by up to 10 %. The architecture of the machine learning model for creating context-aware phrase representations is developed, which is characterized by the presence of blocks for taking into account phrase boundaries. Experiments and comparisons with existing approaches have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In practice, the proposed information analysis technology can be used to automate the process of identifying and normalizing candidates' skills in online recruiting
Improving a technique for producing a polycomponent semi-finished product with high degree of readiness for 3-D printing of functional food
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Voronenko Iryna , Bozhydai Iryna , Pogarskiy Aleksey , Ibaiev Eldar , Ponomarenko Nataliia , Bereza Olena , Khytko Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the process of producing polycomponent semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness using a model structure of functional equipment, in particular, based on apple, Jerusalem artichoke, table beet, and sea buckthorn.
A feature of the improved technique is the implementation of preliminary heat treatment with hot steam of raw materials: apple – 1.0...2.0 min, Jerusalem artichoke – 3...6 min, and table beet – 6...12 min, respectively. Sea buckthorn was not processed, only technological rinsing was used. Grinding of raw materials was carried out on a double grinding machine (apple, Jerusalem artichoke, and table beet – 0.2...0.5 10-3 m, and sea buckthorn – 0.5...1 mm). The combined production of polycomponent semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness (pastes/fractional powder) was implemented using a model structure of functional equipment.
The boiling process in a rotary-film evaporator was carried out at a temperature of 55 °C for 65 seconds to a dry matter content of 25 %. Drying of the cooked multicomponent mass was carried out in a single-drum cylindrical IR dryer at a temperature of 50 °C to a final moisture content of 3...6 % and fractional grinding (0.3...0.6 mm).
The rheological properties of the paste-like multicomponent semi-finished product were determined by the change in dynamic viscosity for composition 2, which is 485 Pa∙s, and in the control sample of applesauce, this indicator is 50 Pa∙s. When boiling in a rotary-film evaporator at a temperature of 55 °C to a content of 30 % of dry substances, there is an increase in the strength of dynamic viscosity by 3.2 times (600 Pa∙s), and in the control (apple paste) this indicator is 178 Pa∙s with a dry matter content of 25 %
Analysis of Allocation of Economic Resources in the Regions of the Russian Federation Based on Application of Modern Geographic Information Systems
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Sibirskaya Elena , Bukhantseva Svetlana ,   MIREA – Russian Technological University, Shchurov Mihail ,   Research and Educational Center for Aerospace Defense “Almaz – Antey” named after Academician V.P. Efremov
Published: November 2024

Effective management, control, supervision and coordination, of the activities of various ministries and departments are impossible without up-to-date and reliable information. With the help of geoinformation systems, it is possible to carry out work on the creation of general plans of settlements, the development of project documentation, the planning of investment sites, the emergence of legal and illegal construction, the creation of territorial planning schemes, and much more. The article aims to study the allocation of economic resources in the subjects of the Russian Federation based on the use of modern geoinformation systems. A special feature of the study is the macro-regional section, which corresponds to the modern strategic approach to the spatial development of Russia. To assess the distribution of allocated economic resources and the formation of layers (natural resources, labor force, intellectual resources, and entrepreneurial abilities) of the spatial framework of Russia, metrics based on existing geoinformation systems were developed. The research methodology was the theoretical comparison of data, analogy, concretization, generalization, classification, and formalization. The analysis of the allocation of economic resources in federal entities of the Russian Federation based on the use of modern geoinformation systems is carried out on the basis of the following tools: concretization, analysis, schematization through control panels, and sociometry. The key aspects characteristic of modern geoinformation systems, which act as a modern way of analyzing and displaying information based on the use of spatial data, are analyzed. A limited typology of geoinformation systems is presented, which shows the spatial framework of use, the completeness of reflection, and the functional structure of this process. As a result of the synthesis of the layers formed, the regions of concentration of various types of economic resources and potential reference regions of the spatial framework of the Russian economy were identified. The results obtained allow us to identify areas for improvement in the spatial organization of the Russian economy, contribute to the effectiveness growth of the state policy of regional development, and expand the scientific and methodological base for assessment and shaping other spatial layers of the economy.
Approaches’ Updating to Determination of Sustainability and Balanced Development of Regional Economic System
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named by B.B. Gorodovikov, Boldyreva Saglar
Published: November 2024

The article reveals a theoretical approach to the determination of the stability and balance of the development of regional economic systems, considering the specified classification of factors influencing these processes, examines various approaches to the determination of the stability and balance of the economic system development of the region, and discusses the importance of these approaches, each of which contributes to the determination of the stability and balance of the economic system development of the region. The author presents the interpretation of the regional economic system as a mesoeconomical system and an integrity formed by industrial relations between economic agents regarding the production, distribution, and consumption of public goods within the spatial and territorial boundaries of the region. Production relations are dynamic and changeable because of the influence of common factors caused by the action of basic economic laws, which are typical of economic systems of any scale. A group of special factors that have a dominant effect on the dynamics of industrial relations in modern conditions is suggested, i.e., natural-geographical, ethno-confessional, socio-economic, and socio-cultural ones. These factors determine the stability and balance of economic systems’ development in the regions in the national economic division of labor. The results obtained determine the author’s theoretical and methodological approach to determining the stability and balance of the development of economic systems in certain regions of the Russian Federation, such as the Kaliningrad Region, the Republic of Crimea, Sevastopol, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Murmansk Region, the Republics of Kalmykia, Buryatia, Tyva, and Altai, taking into account the specific factors of the prevailing realities and challenges of the future. The results also provide a better understanding of the problem areas and the potential for subsequent planning and development of policies and activities in order to stimulate sustainable and balanced development of the economic system of the region.
EPAGRI hybrid apple cultivars resistant to Glomerella leaf spot have the Rgls resistance gene
Authors: Ogoshi Cláudio , Argenta Luiz Carlos , Monteiro Fernando Pereira , Pinto Felipe Augusto Moretti Ferreira , Araújo Leonardo
Published: November 2024

Abstract Glomerella Leaf Spot (GLS) is the main disease of the ‘Gala’ apple cultivar in Brazil. Recent studies have suggested that the resistance of apple trees to GLS is controlled by a recessive gene called Rgls. This study investigated whether EPAGRI new apple cultivars have this resistance gene. The cultivars evaluated were ‘Fuji Suprema’ and ‘Gala Real’, which are standards of resistance and susceptibility to GLS, respectively, and the new apple cultivars selected by the phenotypic resistance to GLS: ‘Monalisa’, ‘Luiza’, ‘Venice’, ‘Isadora’ (hybrids) and ‘Gala Gui’ (spontaneous 'Gala' mutant). The DNA of cultivars was extracted and amplified using the SSR S0506206 molecular marker. RT-PCR was performed, and its products were evaluated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel. The new hybrid apple cultivars exhibited amplified DNA fragments similar to those of ‘Fuji Suprema’, indicating the presence of the Rgls gene. However, ‘Gala Gui’ cultivar showed amplified DNA fragments similarly to the ‘Gala Real’ susceptible cultivar. The results suggest that the genetic resistance of apple trees to GLS may be regulated by genes other than Rgls, particularly for spontaneous 'Gala' mutants that are phenotypically resistant to GLS.
Impacto socioeconômico da covid-19 às famílias em (des)proteção social em Luanda
Authors: Jorge Miguel Pimpão , Fernández Yadira Arnet , Jacinto Adriana Giaqueto
Published: November 2024

Resumo: Objetivou-se analisar o modo como algumas famílias que sobrevivem do mercado informal foram afetadas pelas medidas governamentais tomadas durante a pandemia da covid-19 em Angola. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados apontam que as medidas tomadas pelo governo aprofundaram a situação de pobreza dos trabalhadores informais, uma vez que a sua sobrevivência dependia do ganho diário das suas vendas, provocando a perda de grande parte dos trabalhos formais, fazendo com que muitas mulheres recorressem ao trabalho informal no intuito de garantir a sobrevivência familiar.