Ḥāfiẓ Ibrāhīm’s Two Odes for Fetḥī Bey: Honoring the First Martyr Pilot of the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Ayyıldız Esat 
Published: June 2024

This study delves into the enduring legacy of Fetḥī Bey, the Ottoman Empire’s first martyr pilot, as manifested in Arabic poetry. Focused on the poignant odes by Ḥāfiẓ Ibrāhīm dedicated to Fetḥī Bey, this paper aims to explore the historical and cultural context that influenced the creation of these specific poetic tributes. It delves into how Ḥāfiẓ Ibrāhīm conveyed his admiration, sorrow, and commemoration of Fetḥī Bey’s pioneering spirit and tragic demise through his verse. By examining Arabic poems dedicated to Fetḥī Bey, the paper endeavors to provide a unique lens through which to view the emotional, cultural, and historical dimensions of his story. It also underscores the significance of his journey as a symbol of progress, innovation, and determination in the face of adversity. The research is conducted through a close textual analysis of the poetic works, with particular emphasis on themes, motifs, and stylistic devices employed to evoke the emotional resonance of Fetḥī Bey’s story. The paper argues that the poems dedicated to Fetḥī Bey not only immortalize his contributions to aviation but also contribute to shaping the collective memory of his achievements. Furthermore, the analysis reveals the role of these poetic tributes in solidifying Fetḥī Bey’s place in the annals of aviation history and maintaining his influence on the cultural landscape of the Ottoman Empire and the wider Muslim world. In sum, this study aims to shed light on the lasting influence of Fetḥī Bey in Arabic poetry, which stands as a powerful reminder of the impact his groundbreaking endeavors and tragic end had on the shared awareness of the Ottoman Empire and the broader Muslim community. By closely examining an assortment of Arabic poems honoring Fetḥī Bey, we obtain a deeper understanding of how poets chose to convey their respect, grief, and commemoration, as well as an insight into the wider historical and cultural background that influenced their poetic homage. It’s clear from the analysis that poets employed a range of themes, motifs, and writing techniques to communicate the emotional depth of Fetḥī Bey’s story, highlighting the importance of his journey as a symbol of progress, innovation, and unwavering commitment in the face of challenges. These poetic tributes provide an invaluable glimpse into the cultural and historical context of that period. Moreover, by exploring the Arabic poetry inspired by Fetḥī Bey, this study emphasizes the role of literature in preserving the legacies of historical figures and events. In this context, the poems dedicated to Fetḥī Bey don’t merely immortalize his contributions to aviation, but they also offer a unique perspective into the emotional, cultural, and historical aspects of his life. These poetic honors have played a crucial role in molding the shared memory of Fetḥī Bey and his accomplishments, ensuring that his pioneering spirit continues to inspire future generations. As we reflect upon the extensive array of Arabic poetry that Fetḥī Bey’s life and legacy inspired, it is essential to acknowledge the enduring significance of his contributions to the cultural fabric of the Ottoman Empire and the larger Muslim world. His untimely death, although a source of deep sorrow, also spurred a wave of poetic tributes that have forever etched his memory in history. In this light, Fetḥī Bey’s legacy in Arabic poetry stands not only as an endorsement of the power of literature in safeguarding history but also as a reminder of the lasting human potential for bravery, innovation, and perseverance.