bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probiotic powder production for cattle by using response surface methodology
Authors: Rohmatussolihat  , Ridwan R , Sari N F , Fidriyanto R , Astuti W D , Widyastuti Y
Published: November 2020

At present, the use of antibiotics and growth hormones for livestock has been prohibited by the regulations. Probiotics are one of the additives that are safe and permitted by regulations, and also can replace the use of antibiotics. Probiotics are live microorganisms used in livestock to improve microbial balance and have positive effects on host animals. The purpose of this study was to optimize the production of probiotic powder media by using Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology (CCD-RSM). The RSM-CCd was prepared using four variables, namely starch, CaCO3, Corn Gluten Meal (CGM), and zeolite, with five-level combinations. The drying process of probiotic powder used a vacuum oven at 45°C for 24 hours. The vacuum process was carried out using a vacuum pump for three hours. L. plantarum TSD-10 survival amount was measured by the total plate calculation method. Statistical analysis showed that the viability of probiotics was significantly affected by CaCO3, CGM, and zeolite. According to the model developed, the amount of optimum L. plantarum TSD-10 surviving was estimated can reach around 100.01%, with the content of starch, CaCO3, CGM, zeolite are 30%, 45%, 30%, 60% respectively.
In situ wood fossil from Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: Andianto  , Dewi L M , Damayanti R , Krisdianto  , Oktariani H
Published: November 2020

Gorontalo, one of the provinces in Indonesia, has not been widely known for its potential of wood fossil. The anatomical structures observation and the age estimation were conducted on two specimens of wood fossils buried in Tohupo Village, Bongomeme District, Gorontalo. The anatomical features of wood fossils were observed through thin slices of the cross, radial, and tangential sections using a Carl Zeiss-Axio Imager-A1m microscope. The description of anatomical features referred to the IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomists) list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. The age estimation of the wood fossils was based on Geological Map (scale 1: 100.000) of the Tilamuta sheet, Sulawesi. Based on anatomical structures observation, the species of wood fossils were identified as Hopenium sp. (merawan/hopea) and Shoreoxylon sp. (balau). The estimated age of wood fossils was 3.6 to 1.8 million years before the present (BP) (between the late Pliocene and Early Plistocene periods).
Exploration of wood species at Enggano Island: Identification and fiber morphology measurements
Authors: Dwianto W , Damayanti R , Rulliaty S , Lestari E , Bahanawan A , Adi D S , Darmawan T , Wihermanto  , Sugiyama J
Published: November 2020

The objectives of this exploration were to identify and characterize the lesser-known wood species in Enggano island, and to find the suitability especially for construction and sawn-timbers. Wood samples were taken by drilling the trees to obtain a pencil-like shape with a size of 20 cm in length and 0.5 cm in diameter. Identification and anatomical structure observation of wood samples were carried out according to the International Association of Wood Anatomist (IAWA). Preparation of maceration for wood fiber dimension measurement followed the modified Franklin method. Physical properties of wood were investigated to obtain the specific gravity data. Absolute bending and compression strength, as well as the strength class were estimated through the specific gravity values based on Indonesian Forestry Classification. As many as 22 wood species have been collected, where nine of which were categorized as lesser-known wood species. Wood species at Enggano island which have potential as construction timbers with strength class II were Ki Ahid (Intsia palembanica) and Kasai (Kingiodendron alternifolium); and that for sawn-timbers with strength class III were Kabaruk (Antiaris sp.) and Ki Ono (Combretocarpus rotundatus). From the fiber morphological measurements, it was indicated that the smaller the lumen diameter and the longer the fiber, the specific gravity of wood increased.
Management prospects through development of non-timber forest products
Authors: Gusmailina  , Saputra N A , Sumadiwangsa S
Published: November 2020

Pressure on the area and the function of forests have been increasingly massive in the industrial age. Timber products and their derivatives, which are limited by harvest periods, become increasingly limited and cause a decline in forest value. Non-timber forest products, known as non-timber forest products (NTFPs), are of concern to stakeholders in the forestry sector. However, the broad type of NTFPs and special characteristics pose challenges in managing NTFPs. This paper summarizes the types of NTFPs based on several references and presents alternatives in the management of NTFPs. The dominant facts in NTFPs management are pressure on the area and function of forest, global economic trend, environmental aspect, the livelihood of people around the forest, and institutional aspects. Thus, the shift in the paradigm of forest management (extensification to intensification, partial to holistic), optimization of forest benefits, collaborative management, preparation of a grand design of forest, and network management are expected to become alternative management of NTFPs in the near future.
Through the Looking Glass. Cultural Heritage Custodians to Populate the Mirrorworld
Authors: Susan Hazan
Published: November 2020

This contribution is a wake-up call to custodians of cultural heritage to get ready and prepare for the next platform – the 3D and 4D experiences of the nascent Mirrorworld. Built upon the first generations of online experience, the sprawling communication platform of the World Wide Web, and driven by the ubiquitous reach of social networks and online gaming, the Mirrorworld will breach the glass ceiling of 2D experiences to draw us into a fully functioning 3D environment. Public institutions that manage cultural heritage for visitors, such as galleries, libraries, archives and museums (GLAMS), are ideally placed to seed the spatial communications network that will drive the new platform. Despite the formidable challenges to be surmounted, it is up to custodians of cultural heritage to become proactive in building the Mirrorworld rather than to wait for third party actors to advance commercial interests with imitation culture, simulated histories, or made-up stories. As gatekeepers of cultural artifacts, GLAMs have the capability, the experience, and even the responsibility to tell their stories forcefully, accurately and in fully-functioning 4D.
Aerariumchain Project
Authors: Giorgio Rea
Published: November 2020

The project aims to create an intelligent system that allows you to compare different 3D images, from scans in different periods, and that lets to understand changes to the artworks. A very high precision check-up system that allows you to intervene in time in the restoration of the artwork
Application of different methodologies for artwork risk assessment and reduction: simulation of a museum room with a validated dynamic model
Authors: Schito E
Published: November 2020

Temperature and relative humidity are two parameters that can hugely hamper artwork preservation, leading to different types of degradation. In scientific literature and regulatory guidelines, two methodologies are used to assess suitable conditions for artifacts and potential risks. These two methods are generally alternatively applied, missing a comprehensive evaluation of indoor suitability of artwork preservation. The concurrent application of both approaches can help in the choice of the best strategy or design of HVAC systems to improve microclimate to artwork preservation. In this work, a validated dynamic model of a room in an Italian museum is presented as a case study. The analysis of indoor temperature and relative humidity profiles for a typical winter and summer period shows the importance of the application of both methodologies to identify potential risks for artworks. Thus, for both periods, new strategies improving indoor microclimate and leading to a most suitable environment for artwork are tested and successfully identified.
Using 3D scanning to support conservation treatments for paintings
Authors: Tissen L N M , Seymour K , Dubbeldam S , Hardardottir S , Jerdonekova I , Molenaar C , Schilder J , Elkhuizen W S
Published: November 2020

Various imaging techniques are used to visualise issues regarding a painting’s appearance before, during and after conservation treatments, i.e. visible light photography (VIS) raking light photography (RAK), ultraviolet fluorescence photography (UVF) and reflectance transformation imaging (RTI). However, these techniques cannot always visualise and/or quantify conservation issues. This paper presents a new approach: colour, gloss, topography imaging (CGT). CGT’s applicability as a non-invasive tool for evaluating and documenting conservation treatments in comparison to VIS, UVF, RAK and RTI is discussed. Applying this to case studies with different conservation dilemmas illustrates the technique’s potential and drawbacks. CGT can visualise issues such as gloss variations, resulting from (previous) cleaning tests, (partial) varnish removal, and possibly dirt and material degradation. Furthermore, CGT can elucidate topographical issues such as bulging, and losses, and also visualise high-frequency surface variations (e.g. canvas weave and crack pattern). This results in an improvement of documenting a painting’s condition, and the evaluation of treatments and their effects on the visual appearance may be quantified. In conclusion, this research shows that CGT is able to better visualise texture, gloss and colour information than existing techniques like technical photography, facilitating a more precise documentation and localisation of previous and current conservation treatments.
Magnetostrictive Materials and Energy Harvesting for Structural Health Monitoring Applications
Authors: Stefano Clemente Carmine , Davino Daniele , Paolo Loschiavo Vincenzo
Published: November 2020

Wireless sensors to monitor the state of the health of a civil structure could be widely adopted as a prompt and automatic solution to safeguard the cultural heritage and to guarantee safety. Nowadays, sensors are supplied by the electric grid or batteries, but in both cases some issues can occur. Batteries need to be recharged or replaced, thus increasing the operating cost of maintenance. The Energy Harvesting concerns with those actions focused on the exploitation of low-power, but widespread available, ambient energy sources, which otherwise would be normally wasted. In particular, the harvesting of vibrational kinetic energy could be a valid solution to the abovementioned problems, because of its large presence due to the anthropic activities and because it may overcome the strict rules to which historical sites often have to obey. Here a kinetic energy harvesting device based on magnetostrictives rods is presented. Its behavior is experimentally verified and discussed.
Ground penetrating radar survey for structural assessment of a heritage sport building
Authors: Terenzi G , Fuso E , Spinelli P , Costoli I , Pieraccini M , Miccinesi L
Published: November 2020

In order to prevent seismic damage on building heritage built before Seismic Standards, constructions require to be assess to verify the structural response in the case of multi-level intensity seismic actions. This problem especially concerns those buildings with a social function as schools, hospitals, etc., or with historical and architectural value as that designed by important builders of the past.

This is the case of the bar-restaurant building of “Bellariva” Sport Centre, designed and built in Florence by the World-famous Italian engineer Pier Luigi Nervi in the Sixty years. Its structure is characterized by reinforced concrete frames and hosts the locker rooms of the swimming pool and a bar on the first floor, a restaurant on the second, where a long crack was observed. The presence of a large balcony with heavy perimeter planters near the cracked zone motivated the execution of on-site tests finalized to determine the steel bars connecting the restaurant floor to the balcony. A Ground Penetrating Radar survey was performed in order to determine the internal structure of the floor, dimensions and disposition of steel bars, and to gather information about the connections between perimeter beams and balcony at the level of the restaurant. The experimental campaign allowed to refine a computational Finite Element Model that was utilized for the performance analysis of the structure in the current state. The paper presents the main results of a preliminary seismic analysis carried out on the structure, on the basis of which some retrofit intervention are suggested.
Design of robotic and additive manufacturing for cultural heritage
Authors: Formati F , Scognamiglio C
Published: November 2020

Intuitive and sensitive interaction between robots and humans in the near future will be an integral part of our everyday life environment, to shape new ways of use and make art accessible to a wider audience. Users interact with robotic systems creating new forms of dialogue based on artificial emotions that provide constant feedback to the user through significant gestures and movements. Constantly potential of robotic technologies and additive manufacturing techniques are changing the fruition of cultural heritage through the use of innovative systems that actively involve the viewer in the educational and cognitive experience with strong sensory perceptions, in sensitive environments and interactive spaces. Through additive manufacturing, process and project procedures and paradigms change completely, proposing new design methods which differ from conventional ones. Additive technologies offer new design flexibility compared to traditional production processes, higher production speed, versatility, high precision to ensure adaptive design in functionality and features and cost optimization. The paper addresses, through illustrative case studies, new scenarios of robotic design and additive production techniques at the service of cultural heritage, identifying strengths and weaknesses to outline new design opportunities.
Automatic Emotion Recognition for Cultural Heritage
Authors: Baecchi Claudio , Ferracani Andrea , Alberto Del Bimbo
Published: November 2020

In this work we present an automatic emotion recognition system for the re-use of multimedia content and storytelling for cultural heritage. A huge amount of heterogeneous multimedia data on cultural heritage is available in online and offline databases that can be used and adapted to produce new content. In the real world, human video editors may want to select the video sequences composing the final video with the intention to induce an emotional reaction in the viewer (e.g. happiness, excitement, sadness). Usually they try to achieve this result following their personal judgement. However, this task of video selection could benefit a lot from the exploitation of an automatic sentiment classification system. Our system can help the editor in choosing the video sequences that best fit the desired emotion to be induced. First-of-all the system splits the video in scenes. Then it classifies them using a multimodal classifier which combines temporal features extracted form LSTM, sentiment-related features obtained through a DNN, audio features and motion-related features. The system learns which features are more important and exploits them to classify the scenes in terms of valence and arousal which are well known to correlate with induced emotions. Finally it provides an online video composer which allows the editor to search, filter and compose the scenes in a new video using sentiment information. To train the classifier we also collected and annotated a small dataset of both users recorded videos and professional ones downloaded from the web.
Digital craftsmanship for education and diffusion of scientific culture: the model of herringbone masonry in a circular dome
Authors: Charalambous A , Di Iacovo G , Loccarini F , Ranocchiai G
Published: November 2020

In this paper the experience is reported of the use of 3D printing for the dissemination of a cultural content. When Filippo Brunelleschi vaulted the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence without using any scaffolding, demonstrated the ability to control the constructive process in its structural essence. The comprehension of the static principles that stand at the base of the equilibrium of a circular dome are necessary to understand the work of the architect and the reason of the herringbone brickwork adopted. These principles can be easily explained, also to people who do not have any technical education, by means of a three dimensional model. A wood model realized by hand in the ’80 was reproduced in a smaller scale with 3D printing. The geometry of the model was easily reproduced with a parametric modelling software and was then elaborated to produce the geometric models for sintering polyamide voussoirs. A comparison is attempted between the cost of the two physical models in term of work time and print time, and a balance is made to highlight the value added to the production of such didactical models by the 3D printing process.
Modelling Sustainable Lighting with Eyetracker and Spatial Syntax techniques
Authors: Balocco Carla , Leccese Francesco , Volante Giulia , Salvadori Giacomo
Published: November 2020

This research provides an integrated methodological approach based on the combined use of spatial syntax modelling and eyetracker analysis techniques for lighting sustainability aimed to adaptive reuse of all the spaces with high historical, architectural, philological value of Cultural Heritage (CH). MosLESS (Modelling Sustainable Lighting with Eyetracker and Spatial Syntax techniques) is the proposed method, that can suggest fundamental guidelines for dynamic and static lighting in the museographic and museological areas, but also for reuse, conservation and enhancement of historical and CH buildings integrated with efficient energy management and conservation and protection needs. The National Museum of San Matteo in Pisa (Italy) was the pilot project. Particular environments were chosen for the experimental measurement campaigns carried out to assess dynamic and static visual fields, vision and perception. Methodological approach and results can be useful tools for exhibition planning with important energy, social and cultural effects. A further objective of the research will be to facilitate cultural exchanges, communication and new procedures for the digital management of the transmission or modification of museographic and exhibition projects, up to relations with public clients, as well as integrated management of information and decision-making processes.
A HGIS for the study of waterways: the case of Bologna as ancient city of waters
Authors: Gatta G , Bitelli G
Published: November 2020

Historical cartography, as a fundamental part of Cultural Heritage, constitutes a precious asset, not only to be safeguarded, but also to be used to study the evolution of the territory over time. In this perspective, regeneration of ancient cartography in digital represents an interesting way to allow new chances of using its historic and geographic information, by modalities that cannot apply to analogue supports. In particular, the creation of HGIS (Historical Geographic Information System) is a way to integrate historical cartography with historical data of various kinds and compare them with the current reality, thus constituting an aid instrument for the study of the historical landscape. The present study investigates the possibility of studying the city of Bologna, in particular its ancient waterways, using some 18th and 19th century maps – georeferenced on the current cartography – together with other archive data (drawings and news taken from an ancient gazette). All these data have been merged in one GIS, this way offering a new look at the ancient city of waters, characterized by a grandiose hydraulic system, with the Savena and the Reno artificial channels and the Aposa natural channel, several silk mills, sewer systems, water wheels and a port.
In-situ checking various mechanical parameters of original nail connections between crossbeams and wooden support, in the framework of an innovative method for rationally dimensioning the crossbeams of panel paintings, applied on an original artwork
Authors: Paola MAZZANTI , Lorenzo RIPARBELLI , Giovanni GUALDANI , Ciro CASTELLI , Luciano RICCIARDI , Andrea SANTACESARIA , Marco TOGNI , Luca UZIELLI
Published: November 2020

A collaboration aiming to improve knowledge and procedures for conservation of Panel Paintings has been in force since several years between OPD (Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Florence) and the Research Group on Wood Technology of DAGRI (University of Florence). In such framework a research is here presented, which for the first time has led to dimensioning rationally (i.e. by means of objective criteria based on Conservation, on Engineering and on Wood Science principles) the stiffness of the crossbeams of an original Panel Painting. Crossbeams typically have a double function: a) to control the deformation of the panel painting when it undergoes climate changes and b) to stiffen the panel painting for handling purposes. If too stiff or too yielding, crossbeams might damage the wooden support or the paint layers; until today the choice of their stiffness was entrusted to the expert but subjective judgment of the Restorers alone, who therefore have been calling for a confrontation with Wood and Engineering Scientists in order to develop more objective criteria. To satisfy this request the research here mentioned has been carried out, in close collaboration between the Restorers of OPD and the Wood Scientists of DAGRI, to develop a specific protocol allowing for the rational dimensioning of the stiffness of crossbeams. This protocol is based on an engineering modular approach, and for the first time it has been applied on an original artwork, the Adorazione del bambino e committente attributed to Cesare da Sesto (1514-1520). One of the modules of such protocol is to assess the stiffness of both the crossbeams and the wooden support and, in such framework, this paper presents the non-invasive mechanical tests that were designed and implemented to check in-situ various mechanical parameters (including the axial holding capacity) of the original nail connections between the crossbeams and the wooden support. Such knowledge might in general be helpful especially during the diagnostic phase, to understand the internal forces still acting into the wood structure, and possibly their influences on the degradation of the paint layers in relation to the behaviour of the wooden support.
DatabencArt and EDUBBA: digital infrastructures for cataloguing and sharing cultural heritage content
Authors: Cornevilli F. , De Santo M. , Dragoni M. , Gallo L. , Troiano A.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents DatabencArt and EDUBBA, two strictly integrated digital infrastructures designed and developed to cope with the increasing demand of a smart use of cutting-edge technologies in the Cultural Heritage (CH) realm. DatabencArt has been primarily designed to facilitate the cataloguing of CH objects while EDUBBA is focused on educational purposes. These platforms are the results of a long-term research effort made in the last five years by DATABENC Consortium (Distretto ad Alta Tecnologia per i Beni Culturali) and treasuring the experiences gained with the exploitation of many research projects in the field of of ICT technologies for Cultural Heritage knowledge, preservation, valorization and sustainable fruition.
Geomatic measurement of “New Aniene” and “Claudia” roman aqueducts for flows estimation
Authors: Baiocchi V , Alimonti C , Bonanotte G , Molnar G
Published: November 2020

The aqueducts are the most impressive and original building of the ancient Rome. The aqueducts moved water only by gravity, being constructed with a slight downward slope, within conduits of stone, brick or concrete. All along valleys or plains, the conduit was supported by buildings with arches, or its contents were placed to pressure in lead, ceramic or stone pipes. The aim of this work is to study and determine the slope and so to evaluate the actual flows, considering also that the area is interested by crustal movements. To evaluate it a geomatic survey of a part of the New Aniene and Claudia roman aqueducts was realised. The measured average slopes have values close to the value of 2 %« described in ancient texts that report the details of the realization of the Roman works. From the slopes through a hydraulic model the flow rate has been calculated. The general lowering of the study area was also highlighted through the comparison of reconstructed lines slope and those realized in 1917, approximately equal to 0.45 m.
MAGIC: Manuscripts of Girolamini in Cloud
Authors: Russo Guido , Aiosa Luciano , Alfano Giancarlo , Chianese Angelo , Cornevilli Fabio , Marco Di Domenico Gian , Maddalena Pasqualino , Mazzucchi Andrea , Muraglia Ciro , Russillo Felice , Salvi Alessandro , Spisso Bernardino , Trombetti Guido , Zollo Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

We describe a project, fully formalized, to create a “Service Center” for ancient books and manuscripts, in the “Biblioteca dei Girolamini” Library of Girolamini in Naples, Italy. This unique library hosts about 180.000 pieces, 500 of which are medieval manuscripts, 120 incunabulum, 5.000 editions of the 16th century – among others, as well as an ancient Musical Archive. The library is located in the heart of Naples, in a magnificent place where a series of initiative are already taking place, as a collaboration between the University of Naples Federico II and the Ministry of Cultural Heritage. All these features make Library of Girolamini a rare case study in the field of ancient books. The project aims at a complete digitization of the books; however, the important part of the project is the creation of full sets of metadata with a complete history of the documents and of the studies about the document itself. The first books to be considered will be a set of 512 manuscripts of the XIII century, e.g. a fully illustrated Divina Commedia or Seneca’s tragedies with miniature paintings. There will be two main streams of work: a conservation and study of ancient books through the digitization in a proper file format namely the FITS Flexible Image Transport System; b grant the access to this information in the Big Data era using such technologies as Internet of Things and Machine Lerning in order to identify the ancient book and categorize it. This project will also allow to many young students to put in practice the studies within the “Scuola di Alta Formazione in Storia e Filologia del manoscritto e del libro antico”, formally started in the year 2018. The access to information will allow, for example, the extraction and classification of figures, and the automatic recognition of the device used pc, tablet, smartphone and its resolution.
Digital Preservation (challenges, preparedness and reaction)
Authors: Perossini F , Boi S , Capua MC
Published: November 2020

The STORM (H2020 700191), experience give us evidence on how it is important to address risks coming from natural hazards with the proper preparedness. Anyhow the project left one face of the picture uncovered. The aim of this paper is to stimulate further discussions related to digitised documentation and digital cultural assets safety either if they are digital born or reproduction of real ones. In 2003, UNESCO released the “Charter on the Preservation of Digital Heritage”[1], which defines digital heritage as “made up of computer-based materials of enduring value that should be kept for future generations (UNESCO 2003)”. Digital heritage emanates from different communities, industries, sectors and regions. Not all digital material is of enduring value, but a paramount volume of digital objects, especially the digital documentation related to cultural heritage, require active preservation approaches regardless the technology evolution. . It should be a priority to preserve that digital patrimony as well as to preserve the physical one. For this reason we aggregate the two view points in the “Digital heritage”. The challenge is represented by the preservation from one side of the digital born objects (including all the cultural heritage documentation), from the other objects coming from the conversion of existing/disappeared ones, must be protected and preserved. We are facing day by day a wider scenario where gallery, library, archive, and museum (GLAM)[2] dependence from digital content preservation is growing so the need for a lifecycle management of digital materials is necessary to ensure their continuity.
Acoustic analysis and identification of smart solutions for the acoustic insulation of a large historical building
Authors: Busa Lucia , Luzzi Sergio , Colucci Gianfrancesco , Bartalucci Chiara
Published: November 2020

The object of the present paper is the acoustic study of Palazzo Borghese, one of the most important buildings of the neoclassical period present in Florence, which occupies the entire block between Via Ghibellina and Via dei Pandolfini. The Palace has been interested by various architectural interventions occurred in different historical periods. In 1437 a series of grandiose works of unification, enlargement and modernization were undertaken by Michelozzo who created a grand palace with a large open loggia much admired at the time. In 1709 a large, still existing, ballroom was built with a stage for the orchestra. The last major renovation was carried out at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Camillo Borghese: on the first floor, the monumental rooms, above all the main hall and the hall of mirrors, stand out for their magnificence, with a great profusion of gilded stuccoes, marble statues, columns, carved chandeliers, paintings.

Currently some areas of the building are used for receptions, conferences and events, while others are part of a receptive structure, residences and offices. The contiguity of spaces, characterized by very different acoustic requirements and by the presence of three very silent internal courtyards on which these spaces overlook, led to the emergence of numerous acoustic problems whose solution is made particularly delicate by the historical-artistic constraints present on the building. In order to identify the acoustic criticalities, several campaigns of acoustic measurements have been carried out, both during the reception activities and through the use of a sample source.

This investigation allowed to determine the structural weaknesses of the building and to identify the most appropriate technical and smart interventions compatible with the structural constraints and historical-artistic protection of the property.
Validation processes of H-BIM models: a case study
Authors: Biagini Carlo , Ottobri Paolo , Banti Neri , Bongini Andrea
Published: November 2020

BIM is becoming one of the main methodology in the field of the cultural heritage, to create digital models, aiming to take place of the real historic buildings for investigation, analysis and simulations. However it is still an open problem the validation of H-BIM models, to ensure reliability of the archived information. In fact there are two main aspects to achieving an H-BIM model: the first relates to the process of converting geometric data captured from survey into parametric elements and their semantic modelling; the second one relates to the definition of BIM use that will heavily influence the same modelling stage. The paper deals with a methodology of survey data modelling and model validation, highlighting the need to create a database, containing geometric data and information, in order to ensure reliability and usability over time. It is presented the case study of “Morgana Fairy” fount, built by Bernardo Vecchietti in 1573 and adorned with Gianbologna’s sculptures at Bagno a Ripoli in Florence. The model has been validated by a geometric comparing analysis of the deviation between the model itself and the mesh obtained with the acquired point cloud data.
Influence of marine corrosion on the roughness of the dry hyperbaric underwater MAG welding joints
Authors: Gheonea M C , Florescu S N , Mihailescu D , Teodor V
Published: November 2020

The maintenance and repairing actions for underwater metallic structures from maritime and offshore field are usually achieved using the gas metal arc welding processes. The welding processes applied should take into consideration different underwater conditions, and experiments should be conducted for different pressures. In the first part of the study, the authors focused on the investigation of the EH 36 shipbuilding steel behaviour subjected to dry hyperbaric metal active gas (MAG) using semi-automatic welding devices. Hereinafter, the authors analyse, by using the electrochemical method, the behaviour of the welded joints to marine corrosion. In the last part of the investigation, the corrosion influence on the roughness of the specimen’s surfaces, depending on the potentiodynamic polarization curves, is approached. The experiments revealed that increasing of pressure conditions leads to an increased corrosion resistance and moreover, to a decrease of the specimen surfaces roughness.
Structural identification of the bearing manufacturing process – Case-study
Authors: Afteni C , Frumusanu G R , Afteni M , Paunoiu V
Published: November 2020

In the manufacturing industry, globalization, shorter life cycles of products and changing customer needs, leads to high competitive pressure on companies. In addition to product quality and variety, flexibility, shorter processing times, and high-level compliance with delivery times have become essential factors for market success through efficient, efficacious and continually manufacturing processes optimization. To be successful in a highly competitive global production environment, a company must be able to deliver products that customers request at the requested time. In this paper is developed a novel method of structural identification of the bearing manufacturing process. This method allows the structuring of its activities, at all levels involved (order acceptance, production planning, product design, processes planning, and product processing), by elaborating the tree of the specific activities. The relations between the manufacturing process stages and related information circuit are revealed and the identification of the manufacturing process variants, at the level of each manufacturing activity is performed. Following the selection of the best alternatives from each level of the manufacturing activity, the optimal technological path is obtained for taking over an order for the bearing manufacture.
Tool-holder working unit used for robot-based incremental sheet forming
Authors: Barsan A , Crenganis M , Marosan A I , Chicea A L
Published: November 2020

The diversity of industrial robot applications is constantly growing, and their use in manufacturing processes is increasing year by year. One of the most flexible sheet metal forming process, used mainly for rapid prototyping or small series production, is represented by the single point incremental forming (SPIF). Usually, incremental sheet forming processes are performed by means of CNC milling machines or industrial robots, both having advantages and disadvantages. Due to the superior number of axes, especially when compared with 3-axis CNC milling machines, one of the most obvious advantage of the industrial robots rely upon their superior kinematic. The approach of this paper tackles the problem of designing a tool-holder working unit for SPIF process performed through a KUKA KR 210-2 industrial robot. After designing of the working unit, and simulating the tool path, the generated program code was used afterwards to successfully control the robot to obtain a truncated cone-shape part.
PLM as a sequential round of the technological revolution
Authors: Gromova E A
Published: November 2020

The fourth industrial revolution is actively developing in the world. Since 2011 it has become widespread. Affecting all areas of life activity, economy, which manifests itself in the qualitative reorganization of its mechanisms, creates new adapted management models, changes the nature of production processes. The digital revolution opens up new opportunities for using digital networks, agile production systems, and new business models for all stages of production. The faster the company makes this transition, the better its chances of succeeding and outperforming its competitors. Product lifecycle management (PLM) refers to the management of data and processes used in the design, engineering, manufacturing, sales, and service of a product across its entire lifecycle. The introduction of digital technologies occurs at all stages of the product lifecycle: product development, technology development, preparation and launch of production, product production, its operation and maintenance. PLM affects the ideology of creating a new product: to reduce the time to market and save resources, the system pushes to shift the labor intensity from the “production” stage to the “design” stage. The purpose of this study is to analyze product lifecycle management in agile management and to relate it to the current state of the Russian industrial development. Theoretical and practical aspects of this concept are given. The example of PLM implementation in the Russian industrial sector is presented. The Kalashnikov concern has built a product lifecycle management system. Today, the development of production of an industrial enterprise is impossible without a clear understanding of all stages of life cycle management of the product that it produces. Summarizing, PLM is offered as a promising concept for Russian economy.
High-efficiency reconstruction of ghost imaging based on equivalent deformation of 2D Walsh transform
Authors: Ma Haiyu , Sang Aijun , Zhou Cheng , An Xiaofeng , Zhao Xiwei , Song Lijun
Published: November 2020

As a high-quality imaging scheme, the sampling and reconstruction of 1D Walsh transform ghost imaging is mathematically equivalent to 1D Walsh transform, i.e. single matrix multiplication. It is widely acknowledged that compared with the 1D Walsh transform, the 2D Walsh transform is advantageous in terms of simpler calculation and stronger energy concentration. However, the 2D Walsh transform cannot adapt well to 1D imaging systems because it requires matrix multiplication to be carried out twice. To address this problem, we employ the ‘most natural’ Walsh order basis patterns to obtain the bucket detection value, so that the effect of the 1D sampling process is the same as that in the 2D Walsh transform. Based on this relationship of equivalence, this scheme can recover the image accurately. Numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate that 2D Walsh transform ghost imaging is capable of reconstructing a sharp image with fewer coefficients. Moreover, we propose a fast algorithm for the 2D Walsh transform, which is proven to require less reconstruction time than the 1D fast Walsh transform. We are committed to building an efficient imaging system that can save as much time as possible in both sampling and reconstruction. From a practical point of view, a broader application may be found in real-time and low-resolution video imaging.
Thermal behavior and densification during selective laser melting of Mg-Y-Sm-Zn-Zr alloy: simulation and experiments
Authors: Wang Wenli , Wang Dan , He Lun , Liu Wenqiang , Yang Xin
Published: November 2020

The temperature field and flow field during the selective laser melting (SLM) process of Mg-3.4Y-3.6Sm-2.6Zn-0.8Zr alloy were simulated by using a re-developed Fluent 17.0 commercial finite volume method (FVM). The surface tension, Marangoni convection, and the laser heat source with Gaussian distribution are taken into account. The effects of laser power and scanning speed on the temperature and the size of the molten pool are studied, and the influence of line energy density (LED) on the flow and densification behavior of the molten pool is also discussed. It shows that the temperature and the size of the molten pool are positively correlated with the laser power, and negatively correlated with the scanning speed. The LED affects the flow of the molten pool and the movement of the bubbles, thereby affecting the densification behavior. For an optimized laser power of 50 W and scanning speed of 0.4 m s−1, the bubbles can escape smoothly, the existence time of the molten liquid is 355.58 μs and a molded part with the optimal density (95.98 ± 1.4)% is obtained. The experimental and numerical simulation results are in good agreement. It is concluded that a laser power of 50 W, and a scanning speed of 0.4 m s−1 are the optimal process parameters.
Constitutive Musashi1 expression impairs mouse postnatal development and intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Chiremba Thelma T. , Neufeld Kristi L.
Published: November 2020

We report the generation of a versatile mouse model that facilitates Cre-inducible and tissue-specific overexpression of RNA-binding protein Musashi1. Ubiquitous overexpression resulted in postnatal developmental defects including shortened intestines. Alterations in intestinal size and differentiation indicated region-specific effects of Musashi1.
Cooperation of the IFT-A complex with the IFT-B complex is required for ciliary retrograde protein trafficking and GPCR import
Authors: Kobayashi Takuya , Ishida Yamato , Hirano Tomoaki , Katoh Yohei , Nakayama Kazuhisa
Published: November 2020

Little is known about how the IFT-A and IFT-B complexes of the intraflagellar transport machinery cooperate to mediate ciliary protein trafficking. We show that IFT144-IFT122 and IFT88-IFT52-IFT46 contribute to the IFT-A-IFT-B interface and that the interaction of IFT-A with IFT-B is required for retrograde trafficking of the IFT machinery and ciliary entry of G protein-coupled receptors.
EWSR1 affects PRDM9-dependent histone 3 methylation and provides a link between recombination hotspots and the chromosome axis protein REC8
Authors: Tian Hui , Billings Timothy , Petkov Petko M.
Published: November 2020

EWSR1, a protein whose role in meiosis was not previously clarified in detail, binds to both the recombination regulator PRDM9 and the phosphorylated meiosis-specific cohesin pREC8 in male meiotic cells and is essential for promoting PRDM9-dependent histone methylation and normal meiotic progress.
Revision as Relation: Adapting Parable in Chigozie Obioma’sThe Fishermen
Authors: Heinz Sarah
Published: November 2020

This essay explores the connection between adaptation and parable in Chigozie Obioma’s debut novel The Fishermen (2015). Obioma’s adaptation of parable revises this narrative form as radically relational. This revision of parable is tied to an equally relational understanding of adaptive processes. Using parable as the frame for its complex mixture of Igbo and Yoruba mythology, Biblical stories, and Greek and Roman myth, among others, enables the novel to reinterpret all these sources in the context of postcolonial Nigeria. This process thereby challenges the belief that we can dispel colonial power structures by simply rejecting canonical stories and their discursive frameworks and it suggests, instead, a notion of identity as relational and transient. Ultimately, the novel proposes an ethics of relationality that can help to re-assess processes of revision and their political and cultural impact.
Brain Predictability toolbox: a Python library for neuroimaging-based machine learning
Authors: Hahn Sage , Yuan De Kang , Thompson Wesley K , Owens Max , Allgaier Nicholas , Garavan Hugh
Published: November 2020

Brain Predictability toolbox (BPt) represents a unified framework of machine learning (ML) tools designed to work with both tabulated data (e.g. brain derived, psychiatric, behavioral and physiological variables) and neuroimaging specific data (e.g. brain volumes and surfaces). This package is suitable for investigating a wide range of different neuroimaging-based ML questions, in particular, those queried from large human datasets.

Availability and implementation

BPt has been developed as an open-source Python 3.6+ package hosted at https://github.com/sahahn/BPt under MIT License, with documentation provided at https://bpt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/, and continues to be actively developed. The project can be downloaded through the github link provided. A web GUI interface based on the same code is currently under development and can be set up through docker with instructions at https://github.com/sahahn/BPt_app.
pdm_utils: a SEA-PHAGES MySQL phage database management toolkit
Authors: Mavrich Travis N , Gauthier Christian , Abad Lawrence , Bowman Charles A , Cresawn Steven G , Hatfull Graham F
Published: November 2020

Bacteriophages (phages) are incredibly abundant and genetically diverse. The volume of phage genomics data is rapidly increasing, driven in part by the SEA-PHAGES program, which isolates, sequences and manually annotates hundreds of phage genomes each year. With an ever-expanding genomics dataset, there are many opportunities for generating new biological insights through comparative genomic and bioinformatic analyses. As a result, there is a growing need to be able to store, update, explore and analyze phage genomics data. The package pdm_utils provides a collection of tools for MySQL phage database management designed to meet specific needs in the SEA-PHAGES program and phage genomics generally.

Availability and implementation

https://pypi.org/project/pdm-utils/.
Casboundary: automated definition of integral Cas cassettes
Authors: Padilha Victor A , Alkhnbashi Omer S , Tran Van Dinh , Shah Shiraz A , Carvalho André C P L F , Backofen Rolf
Published: November 2020

Motivation

CRISPR-Cas are important systems found in most archaeal and many bacterial genomes, providing adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements in prokaryotes. The CRISPR-Cas systems are encoded by a set of consecutive cas genes, here termed cassette. The identification of cassette boundaries is key for finding cassettes in CRISPR research field. This is often carried out by using Hidden Markov Models and manual annotation. In this article, we propose the first method able to automatically define the cassette boundaries. In addition, we present a Cas-type predictive model used by the method to assign each gene located in the region defined by a cassette’s boundaries a Cas label from a set of pre-defined Cas types. Furthermore, the proposed method can detect potentially new cas genes and decompose a cassette into its modules.

Results

We evaluate the predictive performance of our proposed method on data collected from the two most recent CRISPR classification studies. In our experiments, we obtain an average similarity of 0.86 between the predicted and expected cassettes. Besides, we achieve F-scores above 0.9 for the classification of cas genes of known types and 0.73 for the unknown ones. Finally, we conduct two additional study cases, where we investigate the occurrence of potentially new cas genes and the occurrence of module exchange between different genomes.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/BackofenLab/Casboundary.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.