bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTEGRITY OF BILINGUAL ABILITY OF WRITING AND READING SOCIETY OF JAVA CIREBON
Authors: Rina Nuryani  , Lustyantie Ninuk
Published: June 2021

Language is studied by humans differently based on the environment in which they are located, so that languages ​​around the world are very diverse. This is because culture, condition, geography, and nature are different between one group of human beings and the others from one place to anothercommunity. Itis known in SindangJawa Cirebon Village that the society in RW 1 (KampungPontas) alongwith RW 2, 3, 4, and 5, agreed to express the real reason why people from KampungPontas who use Javanese language astheir mother language have difficulty in using Sundanese , unlike those in RW 2, 3, 4, and 5 that are generally fluent in Javanese. In the opinion of both people said that the words in Sundanese often use the phoneme "eu", which makes people said Pontas that in fact the Javanese become lazy and difficult in usingSundanese language. The researcher concluded that the lackof ability in these two language skills ultimately influenced the level of bilingual and multilingual capabilities of the community in Pontas Village.
CAGEUR BAGEUR BENER PINTER SINGER: FILOSOFI PENGASUHAN SUNDA DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI RAUDHATUL ATHFAL (RA)
Authors: Aprily Nuraly Masum , Rizqi Anggi Maulana , Purwati Purwati
Published: June 2021

Raudhatul athfal (RA) merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam yang memiliki sistem pengajaran dengan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman.  Nilai-nilai ke-Islaman menjadi karakter bagi peserta didik dengan segala kekhasannya. Nilai-nilai dan budaya dari kearifan lokal suatu daerah tertentu menjadi sebagai salah satu landasan filosofisnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan landasan filosofis yang mendasari pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter dan bagaimana proses pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter di madrasah tersebut. Metode penelitian dengan studi kasus, dimana data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Partisipan penelitian adalah seorang pemuka agama, seorang kepala sekolah dan dua orang guru. Teknik analisis data dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) landasan filosofis pendidikan karakter di RA yang dituangkan dalam visi dan misi sekolah; 2) proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan karakter di RA melalui empat tahapan yang meliputi: pembiasaan shalat berjamaah, pembiasaan membaca Iqro dan surat-surat pendek dalam al-qur’an, pembiasaan praktek ibadah, dan kegiatan-kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. 

Raudhatul athfal (RA) is a kind of kindergarten institution in Indonesia which teaching and learning system is based on Islamic values. In RA, Islamic values ​​is instilled into good character for students with all their uniqueness. Even the values ​​and culture of the local wisdom around the RA serve as one of its philosophical foundations. The purpose of this study is to describe the values and culture of local wisdom which is used as a philosophical foundation that underlies the implementation of character education and how the process of implementing character education in the school is. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. Data analysis techniques by means of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. The results of this study are: 1) the philosophical foundation of character education in RA Qurratu 'Aini is outlined in the vision and mission of the school; 2) the process of organizing character education in RA through four stages which include: habituation of congregational prayers, habituation of reading iqro and short letters of the Koran, habituation of worship practices, and extracurricular activities.
PERBEDAAN POLA PENGASUHAN ORANG TUA PADA ANAK USIA DINI DITINJAU DARI BERBAGAI SUKU DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN LITERATUR
Authors: Satrianingrum Arifah Prima , Setyawati Farida Agus
Published: June 2021

Berbagai faktor memengaruhi setiap keluarga dalam mengaplikasikan pola asuh yang diterapkan untuk anaknya. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi pola pengasuhan adalah suku dan budaya yang dipegang teguh oleh orang tua. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah memaparkan kajian tentang adanya perbedaan pola asuh yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dengan latar belakang suku yang berbeda kepada anaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur yang bersumber dari hasil-hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, buku, dokumen yang tertera secara daring maupun cetak. Hasil studi literatur ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pola asuh di setiap suku di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor, seperti adat, kebiasaan, dan lain sebagainya.

 

Every family is influenced by various factors in applying the pattern of parenting to their children. One of the factors that influence pattern of parenting is the ethnicity and culture that parents adhere to. This study purpose is to report differences in parenting patterns that were influenced by the ethnicity of parents towards their children. This is a literature review sourced from secondary sources from several research results that have been carried out, books, documents that are listed online and in print. This study shows that differences in parenting styles in each ethnic group in Indonesia are influenced by factors in each tribe such as customs and habits.
KEGIATAN MERONCE UNTUK PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Kuswanto Cahniyo Wijaya , Marsya Dinda , Jatmiko Agus , Pratiwi Dona Dinda
Published: June 2021

Keterlambatan perkembangan motorik halus dapat berdampak pada menurunnya kekuatan otot dan jari-lengan. Bentuk kegiatan yang dapat mengembangkan motorik halus anak salah satunya kegiatan meronce. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan meronce terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen dengan jenis design one group pre-test and post-test. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun, yaitu kelompok B2 sebagai eksperimen dengan berjumlah 15 anak yang dilakukan di RA Al-Ikhwan School selama Bulan Juni 2020. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t dengan program SPSS v.24. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan data hasil uji-t memperoleh nilai Sig (2-tailed ) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, artinya  diterima dan   ditolak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, ada pengaruh kegiatan meronce terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun. Dengan demikian disarankan kegiatan meronce menjadi kegiatan yang dilakukan secara rutin yang  diberikan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun, sehingga berkembangnya motorik halus.

 

: Delay in fine motor skill development can lead to decrease strength in muscles and fingers. One form of activity that can help develop children's fine motor skills is arranging beads into trinkets such as necklaces. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of this activity on fine motor skill development of children aged 5-6 years. This study was conducted at RA Al-Ikhwan School in June 2020 with 15 children aged 5-6 years as participants.One group pre- and post-test design experiment is used in this study. Data was gathered through observation, interviews and documentation which then analysed using t-test of SPSS v.24. Based on the t-test results, the Sig (2-tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05, means that  is accepted while H0 is rejected. The conclusion of this study, there is an effect of beads arranging  activity on fine motor skill development of children aged 5-6 years. Thus it is recommended that beads arranging activity is needed to be carried out routinely for children aged 5-6 years in order to help develop motor skills.
Penerapan Small Area Estimation Dengan Zero Inflated Poisson Model Pada Data Kematian Bayi di Banten Periode 2013-2017
Authors: Harahap Ahmad Ridwan , Satriawan Dodi , Susianto Yuni
Published: June 2021

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, permintaan untuk statistik area kecil sangat meningkat dan sangat diperlukan bagi pengguna data. Namun, kebanyakan statistik yang dihasilkan dari survei yang dilakukan oleh BPS hanya pada level nasional dan provinsi. Ketidaktersediaan statistik pada wilayah kecil seperti kabupaten/kota disebabkan oleh ukuran sampel yang tidak memadai. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dugaan parameter-parameter yang dapat diandalkan pada wilayah kecil ketika ukuran sampelnya tidak memadai. Studi kasus yang dibahas pada penelitian ini adalah Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Banten. AKB merupakan salah satu indikator untuk mencerminkan keadaan derajat kesehatan di suatu masyarakat dimana Banten merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan AKB terbesar di Pulau Jawa serta belum sesuai dengan target SDGs poin ketiga tahun 2030. Data AKB di Banten diasumsikan berdistribusi Poisson dan mengalami overdispersi sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan metode Small area estimation dengan model Zero Inflated Poisson, dimana model Poisson dan pendugaan langsung digunakan sebagai pembanding dalam melakukan evaluasi terhadap dugaan yang dihasilkan. Perbandingan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai RRMSE yang diperoleh dari kedua model tersebut, dimana model terbaik adalah model dengan nilai RRMSE terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode SAE ZIP lebih baik dalam menduga AKB di Banten jika dibandingkan dengan metode SAE Poisson dan pendugaan langsung.
A Case Study of Critical Approach Based Ideological and Political Teaching in English Text
Authors: Cuiqiong Pan
Published: June 2021

Based on the content of the Critical Approach and category of text in the textbook, this paper attempts to discuss how to use the Critical Approach to explore the writer’s intention in the text which also indicates the ideological and political idea in the text. In order to find out the feasible teaching method, this paper chooses the excerpts as the case study. From the detailed analysis of the case, we conclude that the Critical Approach can help us find out the ideological and political ideas in learning text.
Now Is the Time for Gas Lift To Live Up to Its Potential
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: June 2021

Gas lift is one of the most popular ways to increase oil-well production, and it is no secret that it is an underperformer.

Back in 2014, ExxonMobil reported that by creating a team of roving gas-lift experts it was able to add an average of 22% more output on several hundred wells where the gas injection had been optimized.

Gains were expected because “wells do not remain the same over time; they change,” said Rodney Bane, global artificial-lift manager at ExxonMobil, in this JPT story covering the 2014 SPE Artificial Lift Conference and Exhibition (https://jpt.spe.org/paying-close-attention-gas-lift-system-can-be-rewarding).

The problem with gas injection is that change is hard. Injection adjustment or repairs require either pulling the tubing to reach the injection mandrels or a wireline run. Those with good- producing wells, particularly offshore, need to weigh the possible gain against the cost and lost production during the job.

Those managing more and more wells live with iffy data, injection systems prone to malfunction, horizontal wells prone to irregular flows, and a time-consuming process for calculating the proper injection rates.

New approaches addressing those negatives have led a few big operators to try new systems designed to allow constant adjustments based on downhole data with electric control systems designed to be more reliable.

Programmable digital controls raise an obvious question: How do you take advantage of that capability? Constantly updated injection data based on traditional evaluation methods is the first step. And new capabilities are inspiring new thinking about how injected gas lifts production and how to make it work more efficiently.

Optimizing the process has not been a priority in gas lift.

“It was a fairly imprecise thing. But the beauty of gas lift is it works even where it’s broken. It’s not a pump; it’s flow assurance,” said Brent Vangolen, surface and base management technology manager with Occidental.

Occidental is among the early adopters of new gas-lift methods along with companies including Chevron, Shell, ExxonMobil, Petronas, and ADNOC.

Vangolen expects the industry will follow. “Gas lift is going through the same transformation as rod pumps went through in the 60s and 70s,” he said. Back then, rod pump engineers began tracking changes in the load on the rod through each pump stroke by using dynamometer cards. That data was used to better program pump controls.

“You went from egg timers on pumping units to full-blown optimization pumpoff controllers, variable speed drives … this huge infant technology that changed the rod pump space,” he said.

Papers at last year’s SPE artificial lift conference covered the continuing digitization in rod lift and that gas lift was finally moving in that direction.
Technology Focus: Deepwater Fields (May 2021)
Authors: Alwazzan Amir
Published: June 2021

I cannot overstate that 2020 was one of the toughest years on our industry’s ecosystem. The huge scale of the crisis wreaked by the COVID-19 pandemic has affected us all in such an unprecedented way and added a hard-hitting dimension to our industry’s fragile outlook. The prolonged periods of lockdown and the hiatus mandated in several countries, including some of the high-consuming ones, resulted in the largest oil glut ever, which exacerbated the economics severely. The flat oil-supply curve erased almost all the growth of the last decade and has put our endurance, agility, and resilience to a hard test. The offshore segment, from which approximately 33% of global oil production comes, was confronted by this turmoil, and escalating challenges surrounded the viability and sustainability of deepwater developments like never before.

Unlike previous downturns experienced by our industry, the record plunge in oil demand has put the effectiveness of previous measures of recovery, such as deferral of investments or waiting for an upturn in oil prices, under the microscope.

As the headwinds of the pandemic continue reshaping the global economy, our industry, and the deepwater segment in particular, have no time to lose to rock the boat and upend assumptions in the post-COVID-19 world. Imminent substantive changes within the industry are inevitable to reduce uncertainty and risk and to prepare for the new decade and beyond of delivery in light of the rapid evolution of renewables.

Major deepwater operators have made remarkable achievements in lowering the average breakeven price to around $50 per barrel from around $70 per barrel in the past 5 years. Increasing cost savings are vital, and innovative money-saving engineering notions are an essential tactic to achieve a lower breakeven price.

Additional proportionate, strategic, and reinventive initiatives are needed for the deepwater sector to adapt to the new energy landscape and search for new areas of growth. They will govern the future of the sector and differentiate the pioneers from followers.

I am in no doubt that redefining fundamental strategies toward the development of partnerships in joint deepwater projects, embracing cutting-edge fit-for-purpose and cross technologies, and prioritizing net-zero emissions are keys to unlocking transformational gains and leveraging the opportunity to promote a sustainable future for the deepwater sector.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 200522 - A Novel Deepwater Kick-Control Strategy for Handling Riser Gas Unloading With Data-Driven Parameter Estimation by Qifan Gu, The University of Texas at Austin, et al.

SPE 200429 - Investigation of Permeability Impairment Caused by Asphaltene Precipitation During Gas-Injection EOR in a Major Gulf of Mexico Field by M.R. Fassihi, BHP, et al.

SPE 202296 - Analyzing Critical Elements in Openhole Gravel-Pack-Treatment Design Cycle: Case Study in Indian Ultradeep Water by Vaibhav Gupta, Schlumberger, et al.
Thick-Wall Elastic Collapse for Casing Design
Authors: Mitchell Robert F.
Published: June 2021

Elastic collapse is an important piece of the tubular collapse formulation in API TR 5C3 (2008) and ISO/TR 10400 (2007). Elastic collapse is significant because it is independent of the strength of the tubing; for example, K-55 and Q-125 have the same resistance to elastic collapse. Advanced collapse models, such as Klever and Tamano (2006), require a thick-wall collapse result as part of their formulation.

What effect would a thick wall have on elastic collapse? There really is no way to tell from the classic formulation. The primary issue is whether the elastic collapse formula overpredicts or underpredicts collapse pressure. The developers of the API collapse equation thought the thin-wall equation overpredicted collapse pressure and put in terms to reduce the predictions. Other studies suggested the opposite effect.

What is needed is a formulation that is based on an elastic solution for a thick-wall cylinder, but that can derive the classic solution for a thin wall.

The elastic equations for a thick-walled cylinder exist, known as the Kirsch equations (Kirsch 1898). A new set of physically reasonable boundary conditions is proposed for the Kirsch equation, which is then used to determine the collapse resistance for a thick-wall pipe. This result also yields the classic result in the limit as t/D becomes small.

The thick-wall elastic collapse formula is then applied to the standard API TR 5C3 (2008) collapse formulation and to the Klever-Tamano formulation (Klever and Tamano 2006).
Essential Self-adjointness of Differential Operators on Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Atia Hany , Donia Hassan Abu , Emam Hala
Published: June 2021

In this paper we have studied the essential self-adjointness for the differential operator of the form: T=Δ⁸+V, on sections of a Hermitian vector bundle over a complete Riemannian manifold, with the potential V satisfying a bound from below by a non-positive function depending on the distance from a point. We give sufficient condition for the essential self-adjointness of such differential operator on Riemannian Manifolds.
Analgesic Efficacy of Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block Before Versus After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Heller Snir , Shemesh Shai , Rukinglaz Oleg , Cohen Nir , Velkes Steven , Fein Shai
Published: June 2021

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with severe postoperative pain. Multimodal analgesia, including peripheral nerve block, is recommended for post-operative pain relief. Administration of some pain medications prior to surgery has shown to be more effective than after the operation. This is a prospective, randomized controlled trial designed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the adductor canal block (ACB) performed immediately before or immediately after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that ACB before the surgery will reduce postoperative pain and improve knee function.Methods: A total of 50 patients were enrolled and randomized into 2 groups, with 26 patients receiving a preoperative ACB and 24 receiving a postoperative ACB. Results: Treatment groups were similar in terms of gender (p=0.83), age (p=0.61) weight (p=0.39) and ASA score. Average visual analogue scale (VAS) on arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were 4.9±3.2 in the preoperative ACB versus 3.4±2.8 for the postoperative ACB (p=0.075). VAS scores at different time points as well as the mean, minimal and maximal reported VAS scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The cumulative quantities of Fentanyl administered by the anesthesia team was comparable between the groups. Similarly, the dosage of Morphine, Tramadol, Acetaminophen and Dipyrone showed only small variations. The Quality of Recovery Score, Knee Society Scores and knee range of motion did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate no significant differences in patient total narcotics consumption, pain scores and functional scores, between preoperative and postoperative ACB in patients undergoing TKA. Trial Registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov and was assigned the registration number NCT02908711Level of Evidence: level I randomized controlled trial
Design of Therapeutic Education Workshops for Home Heamodialysis in a Patient-Centered CKD Research: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Guerraoui Abdallah. , Galland Roula. , Belkahla-Delabruyere Flora , Didier Odile , Berger Veronique. , Sauvajon Pierre. , Serve Christian. , Zuriaga Jean charles. , Riquier Fréderic , Caillette-Beaudoin Agnes
Published: June 2021

Rationale & Objective: A quarter of the patients did not receive any information on any modality before the start of Renal Remplacement Therapy (RRT). We have therapeutic education workshops for all RRT except for home heamodialysis (HHD). We aimed to identify and describe the needs of patients and caregivers for RRT with HHD. Lastly, to conceive and carry out a Therapeutic Education Workshop. Setting & Participants: Two sequential methods of qualitative data collection were undertaken: (1) interviews with a patient who had been on HHD and a doctor specialized in HHD (2) semi-structured interviews with HHD patients in our center. Analytic Approach: Thematic analysis. Results: We identified six themes related to the barriers, facilitators, and potential solutions to home dialysis therapy: (1) HHD allows autonomy and freedom with constraints, (2) safety of the care environment, (3) the caregiver and family environment, (4) patient’s experience and experiential knowledge, (5) self-treatment experience - Impact on life, and (6) factors that impact the choice of treatment with HHD.We designed a model for a therapeutic education workshop in a group of patients and caregivers. . Conclusions: Our study confirmed previous results obtained about the major barriers, facilitators, and potential solutions to HHD. There are three important points regarding HHD: (1) the impact of the HHD on the caregiver, (2) the experience of patients already treated with HHD, and (3) the role of nurses and nephrologists in informing and educating. A program to develop patient-to-patient peer mentorship, allowing patients to discuss their dialysis experience, would be invaluable.
A situational analysis of child and adolescent mental health services and systems in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Mokitimi Stella , Schneider Marguerite , de Vries Petrus J
Published: June 2021

Background:

Child and Adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and systems need strengthening globally. This requires knowledge of the hardware elements of the system (human resources, financing, medicines, technology, organisational structure, service infrastructure, and information systems). This study sought to examine these elements of CAMHS in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Methods:

The World Health Organization Assessment Instrument of Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS) version 2.2 of 2005 was adapted to identify key variables of interest in CAMHS. Data were collected for the calendar year 2016 and focused on the public health sector. We outlined findings based on best available data across the six domains of the WHO-AIMS.
Results:

In domain 1, we found no provincial CAMHS policy or implementation plans to support the national CAMHS policy, and were unable to identify a CAMHS-specific budget. In domain 2, there was no dedicated provincial leadership structure for CAMHS, and no dedicated or ‘child- and adolescent-friendly’ mental health services at primary or secondary care levels. At tertiary level, there were only three specialist CAMH teams. The majority of CAMHS resources were based in the City of Cape Town, with limited resources in the rural districts. Essential medicines were available in all facilities, and the majority of children and adolescents had access to free services. In domain 3, data were limited about the extent of training offered to primary healthcare staff, and little or no psychosocial interventions were available in primary care. Domain 4 identified a small and variable CAMHS workforce across all levels of care. In domain 5 few public health campaigns focused on CAMH, and little evidence of formal intersectorial collaboration on CAMHS was identified. Domain 6 identified significant limitations in health information systems for CAMHS, including lack of child- and adolescent-specific and disaggregated data to establish baselines for policy development, monitoring, evaluation and CAMHS research.
Conclusions:

This study identified significant structural weaknesses in CAMHS and present a clear call for action to strengthen services and systems in the province and in South Africa. it would be important to expand research also to include provider and user perspectives for service-strengthening.
Proteomics Analysis of Differential Expression of Lung Proteins In Response To Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Infection In Chicken
Authors: Vijayakumar Periyasamy , Raut Ashwin Ashok , Chingtham Santhalembi , Murugkar Harshad V , Kulkarni Diwakar D. , Singh Vijendra Pal , Mishra Anamika
Published: June 2021

Elucidation of molecular pathogenesis underlying virus-host interaction is important for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infection in chicken. However, chicken HPAI viral pathogenesis is not completely understood. To elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways and critical host proteins associated with influenza pathogenesis, we characterized the lung proteome of chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus (A/duck/India/02CA10/2011/Agartala). The chicken mass spectra data sets comprised1, 47, 451 MS scans and 19, 917 MS/MS scans. At local FDR 5% level, we identified total 3313 chicken proteins with presence of at least one unique peptide. At 12 hrs, 247 proteins are downregulated while 1754 proteins are downregulated at 48 hrs indicating that the host has succumbed to infection. There is expression of proteins of the predominant signaling pathways, such as TLR, RLR, NLR and JAK-STAT signaling. Activation of these pathways is associated with cytokine storm effect and thus may be the cause of severity of HPAI H5N1 infection in chicken. Further we identified proteins like MyD88, IKBKB, IRAK4, RELA, and MAVS involved in the critical signaling pathways and some other novel proteins (HNF4A, ELAVL1, FN1, COPS5, CUL1, BRCA1 and FYN) as main hub proteins that might play important roles in influenza pathogenesis in chicken. Taken together, we characterized the signaling pathways and the proteomic determinants responsible for disease pathogenesis in chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus.
Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Suzuki Nana , Okuyama Toru , Akechi Tatsuo , Kusumoto Shigeru , Ri Masaki , Inagaki Atsushi , Kayukawa Satoshi , Yano Hiroki , Yoshida Takashi , Shiraga Kazuhide , Hashimoto Hiroya , Aiki Sayo , Iida Shinsuke
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Cross-sectional observational studies indicate that patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience negative physical and psychological symptoms and low health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The study aim was to determine symptom prevalence, symptom trajectories, HRQOL, and symptoms associated with HRQOL in patients with MM.
Methods
This multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in four hospitals in Japan. Patients with newly diagnosed MM were asked to report their symptom intensity and HRQOL using validated questionnaires at three points: at diagnosis (T1), 1 month (T2), and 12 months after diagnosis (T3). Symptoms associated with HRQOL were explored using a mixed-effect model.
Results
A total of 106 patients completed the assessment at T1. The most frequently reported symptoms were pain and disturbed sleep at T1; pain and dry mouth at T2; and fatigue, numbness or tingling, and pain at T3. Three symptom trajectory patterns were identified: a peak at T1 and reduction over time (pain, disturbed sleep, distress, lack of appetite, sadness, depression), a peak at T2 (fatigue, drowsiness, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting), and a V-shaped pattern (shortness of breath, numbness or tingling, difficulty remembering). Pain, depression, and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly associated with HRQOL.
Conclusion
The finding that more than 30% of MM patients experienced pain and various symptoms indicates that patients had substantial palliative care needs within a year after starting initial chemotherapy. Different symptom trajectories were identified. Pain, depression, and gastrointestinal symptoms should be the main targets of palliative care interventions to improve HRQOL in this population.
An Efficient Simultaneous Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim by Photoelectro-Fenton Process Under Non-Modified pH Using a Natural Citric Acid Source: Study of Biodegradability, Ecotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Delgado-Vargas Carlos Andrés , Espinosa-Barrera Paula Andrea , Villegas-Guzman Paola , Martínez-Pachón Diana , Moncayo-Lasso Alejandro
Published: June 2021

In this work, the photoelectro-Fenton system was evaluated as an alternative for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim at unmodified pH by using citric acid present in extracts from a natural source as organic residues (orange and lemon peels). The addition of natural citric acid showed an efficient degradation of the antibiotics similarly to the efficiency by adding commercial reagent citric acid. The observed high efficiencies and rate constants are attributed to the increment of ferrous ion in the solution due to the fast conversion of iron form its ferric to ferrous state leading to the Fenton reaction and so increasing the hydroxyl radicals production. Although the addition of citric acid present in the extracts slightly increases the organic matter of the solutions, the degradation of the antibiotics was achieved simultaneously and efficiently, converting the photoelectro-Fenton process with the addition of natural citric acid into an alternative ecological system and sustainable for water contaminated with pharmaceutics. Additionally, the high biodegradable character and low ecotoxicity of the treated solutions were determined by a modified Zahn Wellens test and a bioassay with D. magna, respectively. Finally, simultaneous degradation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim was reached after only 45 min of treatment in which the antibacterial activity was completely eliminated, suggesting that degradation products do not represent any environmental risk nor human health.
WITHDRAWN: A FoxM1/lncRNA PTTG3P/YAP1 Positive Feedback Loop Controls Colorectal Cancer Progression
Authors: zheng Yang , yu Guilin , Liu Yiyang , Xie Longfei , Ge Jinnian , wang Yue , Zhao Guohua
Published: June 2021

Background Pseudogenes are vital regulators of cancer progression. PTTG3P biological function in colorectal cancer (CRC) needs further to be clarified. Methods qRT-PCR was adopted to measure the PTTG3P expression. Functional studies were examined by CCK-8, glucose uptake, lactate assay, ATP assay, ECAR assay and xenograft mice model. The mechanism of PTTG3P was carried by GSEA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assay were explored to certify the binding activity between PTTG3P promoter region and FoxM1. Results Ectopic expression of PTTG3P was involved in CRC and related to dismal prognosis. Experimental evidence discovered that PTTG3P enhanced cell proliferation and glycolysis through YAP1 and regulated FoxM1(Hippo pathway target gene). Further, LDHA knockdown or glycolysis inhibitor (2-DG,3-BG) recovered PTTG3P-induced proliferation. Mechanically, FoxM1 increase PTTG3P expression at transcription level and the PTTG3P promoter region of -900 to -1200 nt is necessary for binding with FoxM1, thus forming a positive feedback loop to facilitates the CRC progression. Additionally, FoxM1 depletion could rescue the PTTG3P function. Conclusions A FoxM1/lncRNA PTTG3P/YAP1 positive feedback loop plays a vital part in CRC progression, and targeting FoxM1, PTTG3P and YAP1 provides therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
Methylprednisolone Treatment Versus Standard Supportive Care for Adult Covid19 Mechanically Ventilated, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients
Authors: Rahman Masood Ur , Nair Satish Chandra , Din Mehraj Ud , Dar Mohd , Masood Murriam , Sreedha Jayadevan , Almenhali Alreem , Alnuaimi Mouza , Gasmelseed Huda , Khan Asad
Published: June 2021

A myriad of symptoms presented by severely ill mechanically ventilated Covid19 patients has added pressure on the caregivers to explore therapeutic options. Systemic steroids have been reported to therapeutically benefit patients with elevated inflammatory markers, during the severe acute respiratory syndrome, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak. Covid19 disease is characterized by inflammation of the respiratory system and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Given the lack of specific treatment for Covid19, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of methylprednisolone as an add-on treatment for mechanically ventilated hospitalized COVID19 patients with severe covid pneumonia. Data was collected retrospectively from the electronic patient medical records, and inter-rater reliability was determined to limit selection bias. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The variables were cross-tabulated with the clinical outcome and the Chi-Square test used to determine association between the outcomes and other independent variables. Patients. Sixty-one percent (43/70) of the Covid19 ARDS patients received standard supportive care, and the remainder were administered. methylprednisolone (40 mg daily to 40 mg q 6 hours). A 28-day all-cause mortality rate, in the methylprednisolone group was 18% (5/27, p < 0.01) significantly lower, compared to the group receiving standard supportive care (51%, 22/43). The median number of days, for the hospital length of stay (18 days), ICU-length of stay (9.5 days), and the number of days intubated (6 days) for the methylprednisolone treated group was significantly lower (p < 0.01), when compared with the standard supportive care group. Methylprednisolone treatment also reduced the C-reactive protein levels, compared to the standard care group on day 7. Our results strengthen the evidence for the role of steroids in reducing mortality, ICU LOS, and ventilator days in mechanically ventilated Covid 19 patients with respiratory distress syndrome.
Inhibition of the IL-17A axis Protects against Immune-related Adverse Events while
Supporting Checkpoint Inhibitor Anti-tumor Efficacy
Authors: Lechner Melissa , Patel Anushi , Hugo Willy , Angell Trevor , Chen Ho-Chung , Pioso Marissa , Hoang Aline , Yakobian Natalie , McCarthy Ethan , Rodriguez Eduardo , Cheng Mandy , Guo Lily , Drakaki Alexandra , Ribas Antoni , Su Marueen
Published: June 2021

Checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy leverages the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells but leads to unwanted autoimmune side effects in up to 60% of patients. Such immune related adverse events (IrAE) lead to treatment interruption, permanent organ dysfunction, hospitalization and premature death. Thyroiditis is one of the most common IrAE, but the cause of thyroid IrAE remains unknown. Here we present a novel mouse model in which checkpoint inhibitor therapy leads to multi-organ autoimmune infiltrates and show that activation and infiltration of Type 3 immune cells including IL17A+ RORγt+ CD4+ (T helper 17 or Th17) and gamma delta 17 (γδT17) T cells promote thyroid IrAE development. In parallel, Th17 and γδT17 cells were similarly expanded in cancer patients treated with ICI. Furthermore, antibody-based inhibition of IL-17A, a clinically available therapy, significantly reduced thyroid IrAE development in ICI-treated mice. Finally, combination of IL-17A neutralization with ICI treatment in a mouse tumor model did not reduce ICI anti-tumor efficacy and indeed showed a trend toward enhancement. These studies suggest that targeting Th17 and γδ17 function may reduce IrAE without impairing ICI anti-tumor efficacy and may be a generalizable strategy to address IL17-mediated IrAE.
Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of A Cable-Driven Continuum Manipulator With Cable-Constrained Synchronous Rotating Mechanisms
Authors: Zheng Xudong , Yang Taiwei , Zhu Xianjin , Chen Zhang , Wang Xueqian , Liang Bin
Published: June 2021

The cable-driven segmented manipulator with cable-constrained synchronous rotating mechanisms (CCSRM) is a new type of continuum manipulator, which has large stiffness and less motors, and thus exhibits excellent comprehensive performance. This paper presents a dynamic modeling method for this type of manipulator to analyze the friction and deformation of the cables on the dynamical behaviors of the system. First, the driving cables are modeled based on the ALE formulation, the strategies for detecting stick-slip transitions are proposed by using a trial-and-error algorithm, and the stiff problems of the dynamic equations are released by a model smoothing method. Second, the dynamic modeling method for rigid links is presented by using quaternion parameters. Third, the connecting cables are modeled by torsional spring-dampers and the frictions between the connecting cables and the conduits are considered based on a modified Coulomb friction model. Finally, the numerical results are presented and verified by comparing with experiment results. The study shows that the friction and cable deformation play an important role in the dynamical behaviors of the manipulator. Due to these two factors, the constant curvature bending of the segments does not remain.
Changing To Removable Casts During The Coronavirus Pandemic – Has It Affected Outcomes For Distal Radius Fractures?
Authors: Newman Samuel , Singh Amit , Ramesh Ashwanth , Mahomed Ebrahim , Millar Timothy
Published: June 2021

Background: BOAST (British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma & Orthopaedics) guidelines recommended that during the coronavirus pandemic most upper limb fractures should be treated conservatively, and removable casts should be used, where possible. As a result, our district general hospital started using a new soft combination (soft-combi) casting technique for conservative management of distal radius fractures (DRFs) in an attempt to reduce follow-up attendances.Aims: To assess if radiological outcomes of soft-combi casts are better or worse than previously used rigid casts for DRFs.Methods: 20 DRFs treated with soft-combi casts were compared with 20 DRFs treated with the old rigid cast types. Radiological parameters were measured pre-manipulation, post-manipulation, at 2-week follow-up, and at final follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed to assess for significant differences seen at follow-up between the groups.Results: The mean loss of volar angulation seen at 2-week follow-up was 4.9 degrees for the rigid casts vs. 1.5 degrees for the soft-combi casts (p=0.158). The mean loss of radial height after 2 weeks was 0.2 mm vs 0.5 mm (p=0.675), and the mean loss of radial inclination was 2.0 degrees vs 1.0 degrees (p=0.349), respectively.Conclusion: The soft-combi casts appeared to be equally effective at maintaining the reduction of DRFs compared to their rigid counterparts, as no statistically significant difference was seen in our study. We can be reassured that continued use of these removable casts in the current climate is unlikely to have a detrimental effect on outcomes for DRFs.
Effect of Antibiotics on the Gut Microbiota in Children With Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Wang Wei , Xiao Yuan , Ma Shuang , Wang Xinqiong , Zhou Yiran , Wang Ting , Xv Chundi , Gong Biao , Shen Bai-Yong
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the effect of antibiotic treatment on the gut microbiota in children with chronic pancreatitis (CCP). Our objective was to identify the main gut microbiota genera and characterize these patients’ functional mutations after using antibiotics.METHODS: The 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to compare the gut microbiota of healthy controls (HCs) with CCP using and not using antibiotics.RESULTS: All CCP demonstrated a significantly reduced alpha diversity of the gut microbiota (P＜0.01). The gut microbiota's alpha diversity and the abundance of genera’s beta diversity did not show statistical differences between the non-antibiotics and antibiotics groups. There were 15 altered genera with common abundance in the non-antibiotics and antibiotics groups compared to the HC group. The area under the curve (AUC) of the top three probiotics, i.e., Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium, and Subdoligranulum, was 0.91. Among the 13 genera altered in the non-antibiotics group, the top three genera were not appropriate as biomarkers for cases receiving antibiotics. Compared to these 13 genera, the differences between the genera and the proportion of gram-positive bacteria in the 17 genera altered only in the antibiotics group were not statistically significant. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the antibiotics caused alterations in the abundance of certain genera. The enriched functions and the altered gut microbiota in the two groups had their enriched functions.CONCLUSIONS: The use of antibiotics affects the gut microbiota of CCP, but the effect of disease on gut microbiota is still obvious.
Capacity losses due to solid electrolyte interphase formation and sodium diffusion in sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Ma Le Anh , Buckel Alexander , Nyholm Leif , Younesi Reza
Published: June 2021

Knowledge about capacity losses due to the formation and dissolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is still limited. One major challenge in SIBs is the fact that the SEI generally contains more soluble species than the corresponding SEI layers formed in Li-ion batteries. By cycling carbon black electrodes against Na-metal electrodes, to mimic the SEI formation on negative SIB electrodes, this study studies the associated capacity losses in different carbonate electrolyte systems. Using electrochemical testing and synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron (XPS) experiments, the capacity losses due to changes in the SEI layer and diffusion of sodium in the carbon black electrodes during open circuit pauses of 50 h, 30 h, 15 h and 5 h are investigated in nine different electrolyte systems. The different contributions to the open circuit capacity loss were determined using a new approach involving different galvanostatic cycling protocols. It is shown that the capacity loss depends on the interplay between the electrolyte chemistry and the thickness and stability of the SEI layer. The results show, that the Na-diffusion into the bulk electrode gives rise to a larger capacity loss than the SEI dissolution. Hence, Na-trapping effect is one of the major contribution in the observed capacity losses. Furthermore, the SEI formed in NaPF6-EC:DEC was found to become slightly thicker during 50 h pause, due to self-diffused deintercalation of Na from the carbon black structure coupled by further electrolyte reduction. On the other hand, the SEI in NaTFSI with the same solvent goes into dissolution during pause. The highest SEI dissolution rate and capacity loss was observed in NaPF6-EC:DEC (0.57 μAh/hpause) and the lowest in NaTFSI-EC:DME (0.15 μAh/hpause).
Estimating Trends in COVID-19 Infected Cases Based on Panel Data Regression Modelling
Authors: ARUNACHALAM RAJARATHINAM , PAKKIRISAMY TAMILSELVAN
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective: The novel coronavirus pandemic, known as COVID-19, could not have been more predictable; thus, the world encountered health crises and substantial economic crises. This paper analysed the trends in COVID-19 cases in October 2020 in four southern districts of Tamil Nadu state, India, using a panel regression model. Materials and Methods: Panel data on the number of COVID-19-infected cases were collected from daily bulletins published through the official website www.stopcorona.tn.gov.in maintained by the Government of Tamil Nadu state, India. Panel data regression models were employed to study the trends. EViews Ver.11. Software was used to estimate the model and its parameters. Results: In all four districts, the COVID-19-infected case data followed a normal distribution. Maximum numbers of COVID-19-infected cases were registered in Kanniyakumari, followed by Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi and Tenkasi districts. The fewest COVID-19 cases were registered in Tenkasi, followed by Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi and Kanniyakumari districts. A random effects model was found to be an appropriate model to study the trend.Conclusion: The panel data regression model is found to be more appropriate than traditional models. The Hausman test and Wald test confirmed the selection of the random effects model. The Jarque-Bera normality test ensured the normality of the residuals. In all four districts under study, the number of COVID-19 infections showed a decreasing trend at a rate of 1.68% during October 2020.
Geographical Distribution and Impact of Backyard Chicken Varieties in India: A Retrospective Assessment
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Ullengala Rajkumar , Prince L L L , Rao S V Rama , Chatterjee R N
Published: June 2021

The data collected on distribution of improved chicken varieties over the past 25 years (1992–2017) from the ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad (ICAR-DPR), poultry seed project centres (PSP) and other Government agencies who had taken parent stock from ICAR-DPR, were analysed to estimate the impact of the backyard poultry. A total of 7.56 million improved chicken germplasm (27%) to 20.37 thousand stakeholders from ICAR-DPR, Hyderabad and 1.7 million (6.09 %) to 28.38 thousand stakeholders from PSP were distributed during 1992–2017. Other agencies distributed 18.67 million (66.85%) germplasm to 311.17 thousand stakeholders. The majority of the beneficiaries were from southern region (35%) followed by central (23.4%) and eastern (20.8%) region of the country. Of the total varieties, Vanaraja constituted about 52% of the total germplasm followed by Gramapriya (38%). The share of improved chicken germplasm increased from 0.01 (1992) to 0.41% (2012) in the poultry population of India i.e., from 100 to 9433 indices as compared to 100 to 244 of the country. Contribution of improved germplasm to the Indian economy increased from 1.9 (8th plan) to 62. 5 (12th Plan) million USD. The total contribution during the 25 years was estimated to be about 168.7 million USD to Indian economy. Higher productivity of birds increased the income leading to socio-economic development of farmers. The study concluded that backyard poultry significantly contributed to the national economy and improved the livelihoods of the rural and tribal people, which needs to be further strengthened across the different geographical regions of the country.