bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les larves chétosphères de polychètes: position systematique et description de nouveaux types
Authors: BHAUD MICHEL
Published: July 2005

A series of plankton net samples (200 μm mesh width) was collected in the New Caledonian lagoon. From observations by scanning electron microscopy, six larval forms of chaetosphaera are described for the first time. In spite of criticism concerning the use of morphology of setae, the features of transitional larval setae are the main criterion for distinguishing these forms. Nine criteria are used: (1) arrangement of fascicles with regard to the body—pen as a fan and transverse or tightened and parallel to the body; (2) arrangement of fascicles with regard to the dorsal side—entirely or partly sheltered; (3) number of morphological types of setae; (4) number of setae in the fascicles; (5) general morphology—capillary and straight or curved and spiny or as blade‐shaped sword; (6) cross section of the setae; (7) arrangement of spines; (8) morphology of distal end; (9) colour. It appears likely that chaetosphaera larvae belong to species of the genera Scolelepis, Dispio or Australospio as defined by Blake & Kudenov and not to Laonice cirrata, as previously thought. In order to display this difference, the larvae of Laonice sp. are also illustrated. Diagnosis of chaetosphaera may be provisionally based on the following features: prostomium pointed; larvae curled to the ventral side; dorsal side without chromatophores; notopodial setal bundles open as a fan on each side and sheltering, at least in part, the dorsal side.

Une série de prélèvements au filet à plancton (200 μm de vide de maille) est réalisée dans le lagon de Nouméa, Nouvelle Calédonie. Six formes de larves chetospheres d'Annélides Polychètes sont décrites par observation au microscope électronique à balayage. Les caractères diffèrentiels reposent principalernent sur la morphologie des soies provisoires. Neuf criteres sont utilisés: (1) disposition des faisceaux par rapport au corps—en éventail et transversale ou fermée et parallele au corps; (2) disposition des faisceaux sur la face dorsale—cette dernière peut être entièrement ou partiellement protégée; (3) nombre de types morphologiques de soies; (4) nombre de soies dans un faisceau; (5) morphologie générale—capillaire, droite, avec ou sans épines ou bien courbée et épineuse ou bien aplatie en forme de lame de sabre; (6) section transversale de la soie; (7) disposition des épines; (8) morphologie de la partie distale; (9) coloration. II resort de cette étude qu'il est maintenant nécessaire de rapporter les larves du type chéAtosphère—au moins certaines d'entre elles—à des espèces appartenant aux genres Scolelepis, Dispio ou Australospio tels qu'ils sont définis par Blake & Kudenov. Correlativement la correspondance entre les chétosphères et les larves de Laonice cirrata ne semble pas confirmée. La reconnaissance des larves chétosphères peut être provisoirement basée sur les caractères suivants: prostomium pointu, corps enroulé autour de la face ventrale, tégument dorsal sans chromatophores, faisceaux de soies notopodiales ouverts en éventail et protégeant au moins en partie la face dorsale.
Onychophoran‐euclitellate relationships: evidence from spermatozoa l ultrastructure
Authors: JAMIESON BARRIE G. M.
Published: July 2005

Onychophoran sperm share striking apomorphies with sperm of oligcchaetes: the elongate, cylindrical, strongly condensed nucleus with (enchytraeid oligochaetes only) spiral keel(s); interpolation of mitochondria, which are spiral as in some microdriles, between nucleus and axoneme (autapomorphy); presence of postmitochondrial annulus; occurrence of a basal cylinder at the anterior end of the two central singlets (autapomorphy). Onychophoran sperm differ notably from oligochaete sperm: in possessing periacrosomal material; in the helical coiling, reduction, or absence of the acrosome vesicle (though acrosomal coiling occurs in leeches); in the conical subacrosomal structure contrasting with the characteristic acrosome tube of euclitellates; in the absence of a perforatorium (though these two features could be consequent on the reduction of the acrosome); in lacking a distinct padlike thickening of the anterior nuclear envelope; in possessing (external to the mutual 9 + 2 axoneme) 9 peripheral singlets and a subplasmalemmal microtubular manchette (also present in questid annelids); and in the scattered, rather than regularly arranged, peripheral glycogen of the axoneme; they also lack two additional fibres which give the characteristic tetragon of the oligochaete axoneme; and, although the centriolar triplets are disrupted, having a more complete distal centriole than in euclitellates. The remarkable similarities to euclitellate sperm, coupled with embryological similarities between Onychophora and Euclitellata, suggest that the onychophoran‐euclitellate assemblage is a monophyletic group and the sister‐group of the myriapod‐hexapod assemblage. Wider phylogenetic implications of these findings are discussed.
Zur Gattung Agauopsis (Acari, Halacaridae), Beschreibung zweier neuer Arten und Übersicht Über Verwandtschaftsgruppen
Authors: BARTSCH ILSE
Published: July 2005

Agauopsis pteropes sp.n., from the Mediterranean, and A. okinavensis sp.n., from the West Pacific, are described. Nine natural groups of closely related species are distinguished on the basis of the spines on leg I and the chaetotaxy of the tarsi and the palps. Most of the species known are placed within one of these groups. The geographical distribution of the natural groups is outlined.
The antennae and antennal sensilla of the giant looper, Boarmia (Ascotis) selenaria SchiffermÜller (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)*
Authors: WYSOKI M. , SCHEEPENS M. H. M.
Published: July 2005

The general morphology of the antennae and the antennal sensilla of both sexes of Boarmia (Ascotis) selenaria SchiffermÜller are described. The following types of sensilla were found: Bohm bristles and sensilla chaetica, trichodea, coeloconica, auricillica and styloconica. Antennal sexual dimorphism is marked, but mainly confined to the presence of long sensilla trichodea in males and the absence in females. The sensilla trichodea are the most abundant sensillum type.
Three new genera of Braconini from the Afrotropical and Australian regions (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L. J.
Published: July 2005

Jugubracon gen. n (type species: Jugubracon ferrugineus sp.n.) from New Guinea is described and illustrated. Jugubracon is related to Bracon, from which it is distinguished by a mid‐longitudinally carinate 1st metasomal tergite and a curved fore‐wing vein 1‐SR+M. Kimavu gen.n. (type species: Kimavu fulvus sp.n.) from Sierra Leone, South Africa and Madagascar is described and illustrated. Kimavu is related to Cratocnema Szépligeti, from which it is distinguished by having long antennae which, in females, have a pale coloured annulus. Brucon annulicornis Brues, 1924, is transferred to Kimavu. Mollibracon gen.n. (type species: Bracon bimaris Turner, 1918) from Australia is described and illustrated. Mollibracon is related to Myosoma Brullé, from which it is distinguished by a strongly curved fore‐wing vein 1‐SR+M.
Free‐living marine Rhabdocoela (Platyhelminthes) from the N. American Pacific coast. With remarks on species from other areas
Authors: KARLING TOR. G.
Published: July 2005

From the N. American Pacific coast the following taxa are described: Coronopharynx pusillus Luther, Pogaina bicornk sp.n., P. paranygulgus sp.n. (Provorticidae); Brinkmanniella palmata sp.n., Tvaerminnea karlingi pucifica subsp.n. (Promesostomidae); Trigonostomum setigerum O. Schmidt, Messoplana pacifica sp.n., Ceratopera axi (Riedl), C. ehlersi sp.n., C. pilifera sp.n. (Trigonostomidae); Polycystis ali Schockaert, P. hamata sp.n. (Polycystididae). From other areas: Brinkmanniella palmata from the Skagerrak, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea; Ceratopera axi from the Falkland Islands; Polycystis ali from Galapagos Islands; Ceratopera bermudensis sp.n. from Bermuda. Polycystis ali is considered to be a polytypic species with the forms ‘Somali’, ‘California’ and ‘Galapagos’. Brinkmanniella augusti Marcus and B. falklandica Westblad are considered to be species incertae sedis. Problems in penetrating the world‐wide marine turbellarian fauna are discussed.
New Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Atlantic Ocean. VIII. The description of Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) quadrispinosa sp.n. and the male of E. (O.) monardi Smirnov (Cletodidae)
Authors: SCHRIEVER GERD
Published: July 2005

Eurycletodes (O.) quadrispinosa Sp.n. and the male of Eurycletodes (O.) monardi are described. E. quadrispinosa differs from the closely related species E. echinatus Lang, E. parasimilis Por and E. arcticus Lang in the setation of segment 1 and 2 Exp P2–P4, of segment 2 Exp p24 and of the Exp P5. Because of the same setation of the A2, Pl‐P4 Exp and Exp as the female of E. monardi Smirnov the described male is regarded as that of E. monardi Smirnov. The species were collected at the Iceland Faroe Ridge from depths of 500. 1540 and 2500 m.
A revision of the Adeshini van Achterberg with descriptions of three new genera from the Palaeotropics (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L. J.
Published: July 2005

Furcadesha gen. n. (type‐species: Furcadesha huddlestoni sp.n), Indadesha gen. n. (type‐species: Indadesha achterbergi sp.n), both from India, and Africadesha gen.n. (type‐species: Africadesha usherwoodi sp.n). from Cameroun, are described and illustrated. A key is provided to separate these new genera from one another and from the other genera of the Adeshini, Adesha Cameron and Adeshoides van Achterberg. Adesha acuta sp.n. from Malaya is described and separated from Adesha albolineata Cameron, the only other species of Adesha. The relationships of the Adeshini and of the genera of the Adeshini are briefly discussed.
Two new species of Copepoda associated with the basket star Astroboa nuda (Ophiuroidea) in the Moluccas
Authors: HUMES ARTHUR G.
Published: July 2005

Doridicola connexus sp.n. (Poeclostomatoida, Lichomolgidae) and Collocherides singularis sp.n. (Siphonostomatoida, Asterocheridae) are described from specimens found on the ophiuroid Astroboa nuda in the Moluccas. D. connexus may be recognized by the small discoidal free segment of leg 5 in the female. C. singularis is characterized by having only one seta on the second segment of the endopod of legs 1–3 and by the rounded inner lobe on the proximal segment of leg 5.
The callynophore, a eucaridan/peracaridan sensory organ prevalent among the Amphipoda (Crustacea)
Authors: LOWRY J. K.
Published: July 2005

The callynophore is a sensory organ located at the proximal end of the outer flagellum of the antennule. The organ is considered to be formed through fusion of the proximal flagellar articles and proliferation of transverse rows of aesthetases on the medial or ventral face of the fused articles. It is found in eucaridan and peracaridan groups. Among the eucaridans it is well developed in the Penaeoidea and the Caridea. Among the peracaridans it is best developed and most diverse in the Amphipoda, where it occurs in two suborders and 15 superfamily groups. One function of the callynophore, where it occurs in reproductively mature males, is considered to be detection of receptive females by chemoreception. Another function, where it occurs in males and females of the same species, is considered to be food detection, also by chemoreception. Other functions may include prey detection in predators and host detection in parasitoids. It is hypothesized that the callynophore appeared early in the evolution of the peracaridans as part of the swimming male reproductive strategy.
The ciliated epidermis of Xenoturbella bocki (Platyhelminthes, Xenoturbellida) with some phylogenetic considerations
Authors: FRANZÉN ÅKE , AFZELIUS BJÖRN A.
Published: July 2005

The epidermis of Xenoturbella bocki Westblad was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Two cell types predominate in the epidermis: multiciliated epidermal cells and non‐ciliated or monociliated gland cells. A conspicuous feature is the dense ciliary coverage and the numerous gland cell openings. Xenoturbella has a characteristic pattern of axonemal filament termination in the distal tips of their cilia. Each epidermal cilium has the typical 9 + 2 patten through the major part of its shaft. Near the tip there is a shelf at which doublets 4–7 terminate. Doublets 1, 2, 3, 8 and 9 continue into the thinner distal part of the cilium. A similar shelf in cilia is known only from the turbellarian orders Nemertodermatida and Acoela, and hence may be an apomorphic feature which indicates a close relationship between Xenoturbellida, Nemertoder‐matida and Acoela. The basal body is provided with a so‐called basal foot which has a cross‐striated appearance and an expanded distal plate that seems to act as a microtubule organizing center. Approximately 15–25 microtubuli radiate from the endplate of the basal foot to the basal bodies caudally. The arrangement of basal foot and ciliary rootlets in Xenoturbella differs from that of Acoela and related orders in that there are two striated rootlets only (an anterior and a posterior one), rather than one main rootlet and two lateral rootlets.
Sphaerodoridae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the region of the Gibraltar Strait with description of Euritmia hamulisetosa gen. et sp.n.
Authors: SARDA‐BORROY RAFAEL
Published: July 2005

Euritmia hamulisetosa gen. et sp. n. is characterized by many rows of sessile macrotubercles without terminal papillae; all anterior appendages are short and setae simple. Three others species of Sphaerodoridae collected from the Gibraltar Strait region are Ephesiella abyssorum, Sphaerodoridium claparedeii and Sphaerodoropsis minutum. Sphaerodoropsis capense (Day, 1963) is transferred to the new genus Euritmia.
A new species of Paxillibracon Quicke (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Tanzania
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L. J.
Published: July 2005

Paxillibracon inornatus sp.n. from Tanzania is described, illustrated and distinguished from Paxillibracon tessmanni (Szépligeti), the only other known species of the genus. The scapus, antennal sockets, features of the venation and metasomal sculpture of P. inornatus sp.n. reinforce the earlier interpretation that Paxillibracon is derived from close to the base of the Atanycolus Foerster group of genera.
Phylogenetic relationships between the families Capsalidae and Dionchidae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea) indicated by the comparative ultrastructural study of spermiogenesis
Authors: JUSTINE JEAN‐LOU , MATTEI XAVIER
Published: July 2005

Comparative ultrastructural observations were carried out on the spermiogenesis of the capsalid Caballerocotyla manteri Price and the dionchid Dionchus remorae MacCallum. At the beginning of spermiogenesis the zones of differentiation (ZD) jut out in all directions. A large mitochondrion shaped like a perforated bead, and through which the elongated nucleus passes, is found facing each ZD. Later the ZD become parallel and are embedded within the common cytoplasmic mass. Cortical longitudinal microtubules are present in the ZD at the outset of spermiogenesis, but they later disappear. The spermatozoon is long and filiform. It shows two parallel axonemes of the 9 +“1” flatworm pattern, the nucleus and mitochondrion, and no cortical microtubule. The ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and spermatozoon is remarkably similar in the two species studied, as in other capsalids previously described. Two characteristics, the perforated bead shape of the spermatid mitochondrion and the progressive disappearance of the microtubules of the ZD, may be considered as synapomorphies which indicate close phylogenetic relationships between the families Dionchidae and Capsalidae. This interpretation coincides with Llewellyn's (1971) scheme of the evolution of the monogeneans.
Redescription of Monhystrella parvella (Filipjev) comb.n. (Nematoda, Monhysteridae)
Authors: JACOBS LUDO J.
Published: July 2005

The type of material ofMonhystrella parvella (Filipjev, 1931) comb.n. from Abyssinia (Ethiopia) is redescribed and figured in detail. Data on the genital system and the ontogeny of this species are given. Monhystera filiformis sensu Gerlach, 1951 nec Bastian, 1865 of the Black Sea at Pomorie (Bulgaria) is synonymised with M. parvella. The Black Sea specimens have a shorter pharynx, a longer tail and differ also from the Abyssinian specimens in the shape of the tail and the spinneret outlet.
The crustacean heart ultrastructure and its bearing upon the position of the isopods in eumalacostracan phylogeny
Authors: NYLUND ARE , ØKLAND STEINAR , TJØNNELAND AUDFINN
Published: July 2005

The present paper discusses the use of myocardial ultrastructure, and its merits, in studies of crustacean phylogeny. It is argued that different modifications of the heart do not affect the membrane systems of the myofibers and that the membrane systems are independent of size and/or adaptation of the species. Finally, the phylogenetic implications of the membrane systems are considered. Using the myocardial membrane systems in addition to the cephalothorax (carapace), compound eyes, respiratory system and heart anatomy, a new phylogenetic arrangement of the larger eumalacostracan orders (Anaspidacea, Amphipoda, Cumacea, Decapoda, Euphausiacea, Isopoda, Mysidacea, Tanaidacea) is suggested. The isopods are regarded as a sister group to the other eumalacostracans.
Spiders of the generaAraniella, Zygiella, ZillaandMangora(Araneae, Araneidae) from Israel, with notes onMetellinaspecies from Lebanon
Authors: LEVY GERSHOM
Published: July 2005

Orb‐weaver spiders from Israel of the generaAraniella, Zygiella, ZillaandMangora, and Lebanese spiders of the genusMetellinahave been revised. Species ofZygiellaandZillaare recorded for the first time from Israel. The occurrence ofAraniellaspecies formerly not known from Israel has been proved and new authenticated records ofMangora acalyphafrom this country are provided. Descriptions of the hitherto unknown male ofZygiella inconveniensand a new species, Z.poriensis, are given. Notes onMetellinaspecies from Lebanon, including an erroneous determination, are discussed. Illustrations of diagnostic characters of the species are provided, along with updated records of distribution and reports in the literature pertaining to some European species.
Structural investigations of octocoral sclerites
Authors: MAJORAN STEFAN
Published: July 2005

A common structural pattern (as observed under the SEM) in the main body of sectioned sclerites of the family Alcyoniidae, and octocorals in general, is the arrangement of acicular crystals in concentric layers. The crystals roughly follow the direction of the spicule axis, however, the sectioned tubercles of large Sinularia spicules have the acicular crystals oriented in the direction of the tubercles (i.e. perpendicular to the spicule axis), contrary to the sectioned tubercles of Sarcophyton and Lobophytum spicules. They reveal some rod‐like structures, furcating the acute processes at the top of the tubercles. Sectioned small, club‐like Sinularia sclerites show numerous tiny acicular crystals, oriented with their long axes at a fairly constant degree of inclination around a central axis. SEM studies of sectioned Cladiella sclerites show a granulate structure organized in concentric layers, but lacking acicular crystals. The Silurian Atractosella cataractaca show important characters in common with Recent alcyoniid species.
Anatomy and affinities of cocculinid limpets (Mollusca, Archaeogastropoda)
Authors: HASZPRUNAR GERHARD
Published: July 2005

The anatomy of seven cocculinid species, representing four genera, is described. Two new genera are erected, Paracocculina and Coccocrater, and a comparative account of all cocculinid species so far anatomically investigated is given. Definitions of six genera, mainly based on anatomical data, are presented. Variation at the species level is also discussed. The closest relatives of the Cocculinidae are found in the Bathysciadiidae, sharing a distinct gill type and similar coelomic conditions. Therefore, both families are united as the Cocculinoidea. The Lepetelloidea (Lepetellidae, Pseudococculinidae, Osteopeltidae, Bathyphytophilidae (?), Cocculinellidae, Addisoniidae and Choristellidae) are more distantly related and are classified, together with the Cocculinoidea, within the suborder Cocculiniformia. The Cocculiniformia are regarded as one of the earliest offshoots at the archaeogastropod level of organization, being secondarily modified in several respects.
New Atlantic material and redescription of the type specimens of the giant abyssal amphipod Alicella gigantea Chevreux (Crustacea)
Authors: DE BROYER CLAUDE , THURSTON MICHAEL H.
Published: July 2005

French abyssal campaigns SEABED 2 and DEMERABY to the Central Atlantic Ocean collected new specimens of the largest known amphipod Alicella gigantea Chevreux in baited traps and for the first time by bottom trawling. Type material from the Madeira Abyssal Plain is fully redescribed. New Atlantic material and the new Pacific material reported by other authors elsewhere are compared to the types. Some aspects of feeding are investigated and an analysis of the stomach contents of a giant male specimen provides an estimate of minimum feeding rate for this necrophagous amphipod.

Les campagnes abyssales françaises SEABED 2 et DEMERABY ont permis de récolter dans l'Atlantique Central, par nasses appâtées et pour la première fois par chalutage benthique, de nouveaux exemplaires du plus grand amphipode connu Alicella gigantea Chevreux. Le matérieltype de l'espèce provenant de la Plaine Abyssale de Madeirc est redécrit en détail et le nouvcau matérial atlantique lui est comparé, ainsi que le nouveau matériel du Pacifique décrit par d'autres. Certains aspects de la nutrition sont abordés et l analyse du contenu stomacal d'un exemplaire male géant a permis d'estimer le taux de nutrition minimum de cet amphipode nécrophage.
The demanian system, traumatic insemination and reproductive strategy in Oncholaimus oxyuris Ditlevsen (Nematoda, Oncholaimina)
Authors: COOMANS AUGUST , VERSCHUREN DIRK , VANDERHAEGHEN RUDY
Published: July 2005

Observations on living specimens confirm the hypothesis formulated by Chabaud et al. about traumatic insemination in Oncholaimus oxyuris. A detailed description is given of the copulation, the formation of copulation pores, interstitial channels and the injection of glandular material and sperm. The terminal structures of the demanian system of O. oxyuris are not pre‐existing structures, but are built by the combined action of males, ejaculatory and female substances. The injected sperm is temporarily stored around the uvette in the main duct; from there they reach the uterus through the ductus uterinus. With each copulation, a new copulation pore and interstitial channel are formed. After withdrawal of the spicules a ‘wound plug’ seals the pore. When copulations follow at short intervals, sperm of the previous insemination are evacuated to the intestine through the osmosium. The hypothesis is formulated that subsequent copulations result in the fertilization of subsequent egg masses by different males.
Espéces affines microsympatriques chez Puellina (Bryozoa, Cheilostsmata) et description d'espèces nouvelles
Authors: HARMELIN JEAN‐GEORGES
Published: July 2005

The existence of microsympatry (close coexistence in microhabitats) allows morphologically very similar forms belonging to intraspecifically highly variable taxa to be distinguished by consistent microanatomical characteristics at the specific level. Four pairs of closely related species of Puellina Jullien (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Cribrimorpha), microsympatric in the Mediterranean Sea to different degrees according to the magnitude of their coexistence, are considered at the systematic, ecological and biogeographic levels. P. (Cribrilaria)innominata (Couch) coexists with: (1) P. (C.) picardi sp. n., in a wide range of littoral and deep habitats; (2) P. (C.) hincksi (Friedl), in ecological transition zones within sciaphilic littoral communities. P. (Glabrilaria)pedunculata Gautier, an apparently Mediterranean endemic with a wide depth range, coexists with: (1) P. (G.)orientalis orientalis sp. et ssp.n., in deep hard bottoms of the eastern Mediterranean, two other subspecies, P. (G.)orientalis azorensis ssp.n. and P. (G.)orientalis lusitanica ssp.n., being distributed in the near Atlantic; (2) P. (G.)corbula Bishop & Househam, recently described from the English Channel, in cryptic littoral microhabitats of the northwestern Mediterranean.
Three new species of Paralomis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Lithodidae) from the Pacific and Antarctic Oceans
Authors: MACPHERSON ENRIQUE
Published: July 2005

Three new species of the lithodid genus Paralomis from the Sulawesi (Celebes) Islands, P. ochthodes sp.n., Chilean coast, P. tuberipes sp.n., and Antarctic Ocean, P. birsteini sp.n., are described and illustrated. The first two species have features that set them well apart from other species of the genus. Characters are also given to distinguish P. birsteini from the closely allied P. spectabilis Hansen (North Atlantic).
Fruit flies of the subtribe Gastrozonina of Indonesia, New Guinea and the Bismarck and Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Trypetinae, Acanthonevrini)*
Authors: HARDY D. ELMO
Published: July 2005

Thirty one genera [including Homoiothemara gen.n., Polyaroidea gen.n., Proepacrocerus gen.n. and 1 unnamed new(?) genus], 3 subgenera, 87 species [including 9 new species: Acrotaeniostola interrupta, Carpophthorella bivittata, Enicoptera gressitti, Homoiothemara eurycephala, Polyaroidea distincta, P. opposita, P. univittata, Proepacrocerus pallidoviridus and Xanthorrachis sabahensis and 6 unnamed new(?) species] and 1 subspecies are keyed and described or, if recently described elsewhere, only listed and additional data recorded. The following are new synonyms: Trypeta retorta Walker, Carpophthorella magnifica Hendel, Gastrozona bifasciata de Meijere and Gastrozona alboscutellata Enderlein =Carpophthorella nigrifascia Walker; Icteroptera van der Wulp =Sophira Walker; Sophira disjuncta Hardy =Sophira (Kambangania)ypsilon (Rondani); Curvinervis walkeri Hardy and Strumeta concisa Walker =Stymbara vagaria Walker; Carpophthorella scutellomaculata Hering =Xanthorrachis annandalei Bezzi. Proanoplomus cinereofasciatus (de Meijere) is a new combination and Spilocosmia kotoshoensis (Shiraki) is given new status.
Abnormalities in adult digeneans, with special reference to Phyllodistomum umblae(Fabricius) (Platyhelminthes, Gorgoderidae)
Authors: BAKKE TOR A.
Published: July 2005

During examination of a large sample of Phyllodistomum umblae from Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus, in Lake Tokke (Drangedal, type locality) and Lake Katnosa (Nordmarka, vicinity of Oslo), Norway, several abnormalities were found in the adult specimens. The paper describes the abnormal cases recovered and gives a systematized review of abnormal digeneans reported in the literature. Different terms used in digenean teratology and morphology are also discussed and defined. Abnormal cases occur in P. umblae with regard to the dimensions of specific structures (caeca, ovary, oötype, seminal vesicle, testes, uterus, vitellarium) and in the numbers of ovaries and testes. Polymorphism in testes position was observed and obstructions of the reproductive organs were evident. The size variability of the seminal vesicle and ovary and variable appearance of the vitelline bodies are demonstrated.
Three new limpets of the family Pseudococculinidae from abyssal depths (Mollusca, Archaeogastropoda)
Authors: McLEAN JAMES H.
Published: July 2005

Taxonomic descriptions of three new species of Pseudococculinidae, which are treated anatomically in a concurrent paper by Haszprunar, are given: Amphiplica venezuelensis from the Venezuelan Basin, A. knudseni from the Tasman Basin and Yaquinabyssia careyi from the Cascadia Abyssal Plain off Oregon.
Some harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea) of the family Tachidiidae from sublittoral soft sediments in Norway, the Celtic Sea and Gulf of Mexico
Authors: GEE J. MICHAEL
Published: July 2005

From an examination of the original material of G. O. Sars and new material from Björnehodebukta, Oslofjord, Psammis longisetosa Sars is redescribed, noting in particular the presence of 2 inner setae on P2 endopod 2 and 1 inner seta on P4 exopod 1. A new species is described from the Celtic Sea, Paradanielssenia biclavata, characterized by the presence of club‐shaped appendages on the mouthparts and differing from P. kunzi Soyer in mouthpart structure and limb setation. Specimens from the Gulf of Mexico have been assigned to a new subspecies, Thompsonula hyaenae elongata, after careful comparison with specimens of the nominate T. hyaenae (I. C. Thompson) from Europe and South Carolina.
The significance of terminal duct structures and the role of neoteny in the evolution of the reproductive system of Pulmonata
Authors: VISSER MATTHYS H. C.
Published: July 2005

A comparison of the adult morphology, in conjunction with the ontogenetical development, of the terminal reproductive system elements of Pulmonata yield the following information. Basom‐matophora and Systellommatophora are, in the retention of embryonic ditremy in adult conditions, completely neotenous (paedogenetic). In Basommatophora a ditrematic semi‐diaulie to ditrematie diaulic lineage is apparent; a sequential monotrematie monaulie (Glacidorbidae) to simultaneous monotrematic monaulic (Siphonariidae) lineage, as a divergent condition, is proposed. The Systellommatophora, in view of similarities in proximal pallial duct development, are considered to be more closely related to Stylommatophora. Embryonic Stylommatophora recapitulate a ditrematic condition, but later ontogenetic stages, as well as adult morphology, indicate the establishment of a (primarily) semi‐diaulic monotrematic system. The posterior ‘female’ position and anterior ‘male’ position of the genital orifice indicate an inherent divergent development in Stylommatophora. A series depicting possible trends in terminal duct development of Stylommatophora with anterior ‘male’ position gonopore is reconstructed from an analysis of the various (gross) features present. The genital systems with female properties resulting from apomixis take a terminal position in this series. Pulmonate. reproductive systems are regarded as having developed from intermediate stages in the life cycle of a sequential protandrous prosobranch ancestor.
A new genus and species of Braconinae from Australia (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L. J.
Published: July 2005

Euurobraconoides gen.n. (type‐species: Euurobraconoides longicaudis sp.n.) from Australia is described and illustrated. The relationships of Euurobraconoides gen.n. to the Euurobraconini Ashmead and to the Braconini are discussed.
Spermatozoa and spermiogenesis in XyIopIax (Class Concentricycloidea): a new type of spermatozoon in the Echinodermata
Authors: HEALY J. M. , ROWE F. W. E. , ANDERSON D. T.
Published: July 2005

In Xylopax turnerae Rowe et al., 1988 (Class Concentricycloidea, Subphylum Asterozoa) from the Caribbean spermiogenesis culminates in the formation of a complex spermatozoon unlike that of any other echinoderm. Mature testicular spermatozoa are composed of: (1) an elongate, tapered acrosome, segmented internally; (2) a nucleus, finely tapered anteriorly, extremely elongate and rod‐shaped posteriorly; (3) a single flagellum attached via a centriolar rootlet to the anterior portion of the nucleus; (4) a single elongate mitochondrion located posterior to the nucleus. Spermatozoa deposited in the ovary have acrosomes which are distinctly granular internally: otherwise these cells resemble testicular spermatozoa. Spermiogenesis differs substantially from the pattern observed in other echinoderms, especially in relation to acrosome development. Examination of alcohol‐fixed testes from the New Zealand species Xyloplax medusiforrnis confirmed the presence of filiform spermatozoa, but no details could be established. In contrast to Xyloplax, spermatozoa of Caymanostella sp. (Asteroidea) from a similar habitat to Xyloplax are not modified from those of externally fertilizing Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Crinoidea and Holothuroidea. Results lend further support to the existence of a separate class of extant echinoderms (Concentricycloidea) for Xyloplax spp.
An electron microscopical study of marine loricate choanoflagellates: Nannoeca rninuta (Leadbeater) gen. et comb.n. and Stephanoeca cupula (Leadbeater) comb.n.
Authors: THOMSEN HELGE ABILDHAUGE
Published: July 2005

The circumscription of the choanoflagellate genus Pleurasiga (fam. Acanthoecidae) is problematic in that the generic type, P. orculaeformis Schiller, 1925, is incompletely described and has not been found again. A reinvestigation of two species hitherto referred to this genus (P. minuta Leadbeater, 1972, and P. cupula Leadbeater, 1972) has shown that they are too different from other species of Pleurasiga to remain within the genus. One of them is referred to a new monotypic genus, Nannoeca gen.n., as Nannoeca minuta (Leadbeater) comb.n., whereas the other is transferred to the genus Stephanoeca [S. cupula (Leadbeater) comb.n.]
Larval development of theterebellid polychaete Eupolymnia nebulosa (Montagu) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: BHAUD MICHEL , GRÉMARE ANTOINE
Published: July 2005

The morphology of young stages of Eupolymnia nebulosa (Montagu, 1818) is observed using SEM. Significant changes occur at several times after egg laying. The transition from endotrophy to exotrophy takes place when the larvae are about 13–15 days old. At the same time, the primary tentacle appears as a hemispherical bud; the first setae to emerge are transitory and club‐shaped. They are shed when the larvae are about 50 days old. Observations on the development of the uncinigerous torus of the 11th segment (the first one bearing uncini with the main fang in an alternated direction) indicate that the uncini appear at the dorsal extremity of the torus and then move toward the medio‐ventral axis as they increase in size. The uncini are shed when they reach the ventral extremity of the torus. These changes may result in taxonomic confusions unless the complete sequence of development is known.
Parotid salivary gland ultrastructure in an omnivorous neotropical bat: evolutionary diversity at the cellular level
Authors: TANDLER BERNARD , PHILLIPS CARLETON J. , NAGATO TOSHIKAZU
Published: July 2005

The parotid salivary gland in an omnivorous neotropical bat, Carollia perspicillata (L.), was studied by transmission electron microscopy and compared to the parotid gland in other species of bats and in mammals in general. The parotid acinar secretory granules were found to be unique among mammals: they consist of a finely punctate matrix containing a variety of electron dense inclusions ranging from punctate densities to complex cage‐like geodesic structures. The parotid acinar product in Carollia perspicillata is intermediate in morphology between that formed by homologous secretory cells in insectivorous/carnivorous bats and that in frugivorous bats. Both the intercalated and striated ducts probably release additional secretory products into the saliva.
Ultrastruktur und Differenzierung des Penisstiletts von Petaliella spiracauda (Plathelminthes, Rhabdocoela)
Authors: BRÜGGEMANN JOCHEN
Published: July 2005

Petaliellu spiracauda Ehlers, 1974, has a complex funncl‐shaped penis stylet, differentiating intracellularly in a synchronous mode. First, a stylet‐forming cell is built which in shape is adapted to the future stylet; this cell is lined by interstitial cells and secretory cells proximally and enveloped by cover cells at the outside. The differentiation of the hard structurc starts at the same time in all parts. Electron dcnsc material is added to the inner surface of thc cell membrane of the styletforming cell, in which the number and size of layers differ in places. During the phase of formation, small tubules are arranged parallel on the inner surface of the hard structure. In the stylet base, however, many separate hard elements, joined by electron dense material, are formed at the membrane of the stylet‐forming cell, as well as freely in the cytoplasm. All parts of the stylet are completed at the same time due to a varying growth in wall thickness. The base of the hard structure is embedded in a finely fibrous intracellular matrix.
New taxa of Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes) from the N. American Pacific coast
Authors: KARLING TOR G.
Published: July 2005

From the N. American Pacific coast the following new kalyptorhynchian taxa are described: Cicerinabicirrata, Cicerina triangularis, Placorhynchus pacificus, Uncinorhynchus pacificus, Proschizorhynchella lingulata, Proschizorhynchella inflata, Proschizorhynchella schilkei, Schizochilus hoxholdi, Paraschizorhynchoides glandulis Schilke subsp. hopkinsi, Cheliplana californica and Cheliplana elkhornica. The taxonomy of the species is discusscd and supplementary remarks arc made on some species from other areas.
New archaeogastropod limpets from hydrothermal vents: new family Peltospiridae, new superfamily Peltospiracea
Authors: McLEAN JAMES H.
Published: July 2005

Seven new species of limpets from hydrothermal vents are described in five new genera in the new family Peltospiridae (new superfamily Peltospiracea). Limpets in this family are known only from the hydrothermal vent community at two sites, near 21°N and 13°N, on the East Pacific Rise. New genera and species are: Peltospira, type species P. operculuta from both sites, and P. delicata from 13°N; Nodopelta, type species N. heminoda from both sites, and N. subnoda from 13°N; Rhynchopelta, type species R. concentrica from both sites; Echinopelta, type species E. fistulosa from 21°N; Hirtopelta, type specics H. hirta from 13°N. These limpets are associated with the Pompei worm Alvinella, except for Rhynchopelta, which is associated with the vestimentifcran worm Riftia.
Lateral plate number development in the complete morph of thethree–spined stickleback, Gasferosteus aculeatus L.
Authors: BAŃBURA JERZY
Published: July 2005

The development of lateral plate number in completely plated three‐spined stickleback populations during the period of growth of the body after hatching was studied in two streams in Central Poland. The streams belong to the Oder River drainage basin (51°38′N; 19°26′E) and the Vistula River drainage basin (51°35′N; 19°37′E), respectively. After reaching a total length of 27 mm the development of lateral plate number is completed in both populations. This value is lower than thc corresponding values rcported in the literature.
Three new species of Sphaerosyllis (Polychaeta, Syllidae) from mangrove habitats in Belize
Authors: RUSSELL DAVID E.
Published: July 2005

Three new species of Sphaerosyllis Claparède, 1863, S. belizensis, S. longilamina, and S. parvoculata, are described from mangrove and adjacent shallow‐water habitats of Twin Cays, Belize.
Zur Kenntnis der interstitiellen Opisthobranchierart Hedylopsis spiculifera (Kowalevsky) (Mollusca, Gastropoda)
Authors: WAWRA ERHARD
Published: July 2005

Specimens of Hedylopsis spiculifera (Kowalevsky, 1901) from sands of the Mediterranean Sea and the type specimens of H. suecica Odhner, 1937, as well as live specimens from its type locality in the Skagerrak, were studied. The anatomy of the reproductive system and the central nervous system of both forms—considered conspecific by several authors—is described and discussed. Contrary to the original description, H. surcica has the same reproductive system as H. spiculifera, showing an arrangement of the gonoduct unique among acochlidians. The animals are sequential hermaphrodites and have in the female phase an ampulla and not a bursa copulatrix. The ‘albumin’ gland appears as a blind sac set off from the gonoduct, hence its cavity is probably not traversed by the eggs. Since neither a receptaculum seminis nor a bursa copulatrix was found, it is concluded that sperm are transferred by injection using the penial spine as a hypodermic needle. The specimens from the Skagerrak also have spicules in the head region, as described for H. spiculifera. Therefore. H. suerica is considered a synonym of H. spiculifera.
A new species of the “mateusi” group: Iberobathynella ortizi sp.n. (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae)
Authors: CAMACHO ANA ISABEL
Published: July 2005

A new species of the genus Iberobathynella Schminke, 1973. is described. The speclmens were found in Cova do Rei Cintolo. Lugo, Spain. The species is included in the “mateusi” group. according to Schminke's (1973) cladistic analysis.
Description of a new Acaronia species (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Rio Orinoco and Rio Negro drainages
Authors: KULLANDER SVEN O.
Published: July 2005

Acaronia vultuosa sp.n. occurs in the Rio Orinoco and upper Rio Negro drainages. In the Rio Negro it overlaps slightly the range of its only congener, A. nassa (Heckel), from which it can be distinguished by (1) the lack of microbranchiospines on the first gill arch, (2) thc separate instead of coalesced anterior gill rakers on the first gill arch, and (3) the colour pattern, which includes a much larger midlateral blotch and a different pattern of dark markings on the head.
Ultrastructure comparée de la spermiogenèse et du spermatozoïde de trois espèces de Paravortex (Rhabdocoela, “Dalyellioida”, Graffillidae), Turbellariés parasites intestinaux de Mollusques
Authors: NOURY‐SRAÏRI NEZHA , JUSTINE JEAN‐LOU , EUZET LOUIS
Published: July 2005

Three species of the genus Paravortex were studied. Spermiogenesis involves progressive lengthening of the spermatid. No centriole nor axoneme were found. Thc mature spermatozoon is threadlike, 30μm long and aflagellate. It contains a nucleus, two longitudinal parallel mitochondria, numerous dense bodies limited by a membrane, a row of cortical microtubules and granules. The spatial arrangement of the microtubules wah deduced from a statistical analysis of their number in transverse section. The microtubules are continuous along the length of the spermatozoon and are arranged along a long cone. The granules, not limited by a membrane, are about 25 nm in diameter. They are arranged in a semicircle and represent a new structure for sperm of Platyhclminthes. A statistical comparison demonstrated that two species may be distinguished by the number of their cortical sperm microtubules. This is the tirst ultrastructural study of an aflagellate spermatozoon in the Rhabdocoela. A rickettsia was found in P. cardii.
Implications phylogénétiques de I'ultrastructure de la spermatogenèse, du spermatozoïde et de I'ovogenèse du TurbellariéUrastoma cyprinae (“Prolecithophora”, Urastomidae)
Authors: NOURY‐SRAÏRI NEZHA , JUSTINE JEAN‐LOU , EUZET LOUIS
Published: July 2005

Spermiogenesis in Urastoma cyprinae (Graff. 1882) involvcs a progressive lengthening of the spermatid. Free flagella are only transitory. The mature spermatozoon is fusibrm. 45μm in length and 2.5 μm in width. It contains two incorporated axonermes of the flatworm 9+“1” pattern, two elongated mitochondria. an elongated nucleus and a row or cortical longitudinal microtubules. Observations on oogenesis concerncd only the immuturc ovary. lmmature oocytes contain few dense granules and accssory cells were not ohserved. Phylogenetic implications of a biflagellate spermatozoon in a Prolecithophora are important. The presence of two 9 +“1” axonemes confirms that Urastoma (and the Prolecithophora) belongs to the taxon Trepaxonemata Ehlers. Previous electron microscope studies on spermitozoa of Prolecithophora (four genera) only dealt with aflagellate spermatozoa. On this basis, Ehlers (1985) proposed two autapomorphics for the taxon Prolecithophora: aflagellate spermatozoon and spermatozoal mitochondrial derivatives with abundant membranes. The present observations on Urastoma contradict these two autapomorphics. The taxon Prolecithophora cannot be defined by autapomorphies of the spermatozoon.
Selective predation of the pikeEsox lucius: comparison of lateral plates and some metric features of the three‐spined sticklebackGasterosteus aculeatus
Authors: BAŃBURA JERZY , PRZYBYLSKI MIROSŁAW , FRANKTEWTCZ PIOTR
Published: July 2005

Selective predation ofEsox luciusonGasterosteus aculeatusin a natural assemblage of fish of a stream in Central Poland is described and analysed. The number of lateral plates, the standard length and four size‐dependent traits were significantly smaller for sticklebacks from stomach samples than for those from population samples. Thc remaining three metric traits were not significantly different among the samples. The regressions of five metric features (out of seven) on the standard length were significantly different between the sample of caten sticklebacks and that from the free‐living population. This supports the supposition that the selectivity of pikc predation with respect to metric traits is not attributable to selection on body size of the prey. Thus, it is reasonable to claim that the sample of caten sticklebacks is selectively taken from the natural population. It justifies the selective predation assumption of some hypotheses of the causes of the pattern of geographic variation in the three‐spined stickleback.
Pararalichus gen.n. (Acarina, Pterolichidae) from New World parrots (Aves, Psittacidae)
Authors: ATYEO WARREN T.
Published: July 2005

Pararalichus gen.n. (Pterolichidae, Pterolichinae) is described; two species groups, from species of Brotogeris Vigors and Touit Gray, respectively, include two named and ten new species. From Brotogeris: the type species Pararalichus dilatatus (Favette & Trouessart) stat.n., comb.n. [=Protolichus (Mesolichus) hemiphyllus dilatatus] from Brotogeris jugularis (Müller), Brazil, Guatemala, Panama; P. chrysopteri sp.n. from B. chrysopterus (L.). Guyana, Surinam; P. cyanopterae sp.n. from B. cyanoptera (Pelzeln), Bolivia, Peru; P. pyrrhopteri sp.n. from B. Pyrrhopterus (Latham), Ecuador, Peru; P. sanctithomae sp.n. from B. sanctithomae (Müller), Bolivia, Peru; P. tiricae sp.n. from B. tirica (Gmelin), Brazil; P. versicolori sp.n. from B. versicolorus (Müller), Brazil, Peru. From Touit: P. hemiphyllus (Mégnin & Trouessart) comb.n. [=Pterolichus (P.) hemiphyllus] from Touit batavica (Boddaert), Surinam, Trinidad; P. dilectissimae sp.n. thrn T. dilectissima (Sclater & Salvin), Colmbia, Costa Rica; P. huetii sp.n. from T. huetii (Temminck), Brazil, Guyana, Peru; P. parpuratae sp.n. from T. purpurata (Gmelin), Brazil, Guyana, Surinam; P. surdae sp.n. from T. surda (Kuhl), Brazil. All hosts are Central and South American parrots. Mesolichus Trouessart, 1899 is recognized as a monotypical genus.
Revision of the type species of Sigalion, Thalenessa and Eusigalion (Polychaeta: Sigalionidae)
Authors: MACKIE ANDREW S. Y. , CHAMBERS SUSAN J.
Published: July 2005

The type species of Sigalion Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1830 (5. mathildae), Thalenessa Baird, 1866 (S. edwardsi Kinberg, 1856) and Eusigalion Augener, 1918 (E. vazensis) are re‐examined. Since they were first described all three genera have been variously misrepresented, but are currently distinguished by the presence (Thalenessa; syn. Eusigalion) or absence (Sigalion) of a median antenna. Material examined in the present study indicates that S. mathildae also possesses a median antenna. Thalenessa and Eusigalion are considered to be junior synonyms of Sigalion and the generic placings of all species attributed to these genera are investigated.