bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Calculus Cholecystitis in Southern Odisha - A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Sethy Manoj Kumar , M Siva Rama Krishna , S Jagannath Subudhi , Pattanaik Biswa Ranjan , Tamang Manita , Satapathy Ambuja , P Narmada Reddy
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis is a pathology of inflammatory origin, usually associated with cholelithiasis, with a high incidence in the world. Its treatment involves an important socioeconomic impact. There are two surgical therapeutic options: early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) done within 72 hours of onset of pain or delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DLC) done after 6 weeks of conservative treatment. The present study intends to compare between the effectiveness of ELC vs DLC in the management of acute cholecystitis in a tertiary care setup. METHODS The study sample included 65 patients who were clearly documented and radiologically proven cases of acute calculous cholecystitis, met the inclusion criteria, admitted to the surgery department of MKCG MCH, Berhampur, between August 2018 and July 2020. Out of 65 patients, 33 and 32 patients were selected randomly for ELC and DLC respectively. In ELC group surgery was done within 72 hours of the onset of pain while in DLC group surgery was done after 6 weeks of initial conservative treatment. The study was conducted using a case record proforma, prepared in their local language. The questionnaire included timing of cholecystectomy, duration of antibiotic coverage, mean duration of hospital stay, number of intraoperative and postoperative complications, conversion to open cholecystectomy, and follow-up. The data was compiled and tabulated in MS ® Excel and statistically analysed using IBM ® SPSS 22.0. RESULTS The overall morbidity and mortality were less in ELC compared to DLC. The mean duration of surgery was less in ELC (47.36 minutes) compared to DLC (65.75 minutes). The mean duration of antibiotic coverage was lesser in ELC (3.58 days) compared to DLC (5.50 days).The mean hospital stay was less in ELC (4.67 days) to DLC (6.50 days). The overall morbidity and mortality were less in ELC. CONCLUSIONS ELC is considered to be a safe modality of treatment in patients with acute cholecystitis and leads to an economical treatment. KEYWORDS Acute Calculus Cholecystitis, Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Role of Comorbidity Polypharmacy Score in Prediction of PostOperative Outcome in Geriatric Patients - A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mysore
Authors: Hegde Adarsh , Kotekar Nalini
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Comorbidity in elderly has negative impact on physiological and cognitive functions, the prevalence of which is increasing. Management of multiple comorbidities has resulted in polypharmacy in elderly. Comorbidity Polypharmacy Score (CPS) is a clinical tool to quantify severity of comorbidities using polypharmacy as surrogate for intensity of treatment required to adequately manage comorbidities. We wanted to evaluate CPS as predictor of post-operative outcomes in geriatric patients undergoing elective surgeries. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care centre among elderly patients (more than 65 years) undergoing elective surgeries satisfying inclusion criteria. Calculated sample size was 250. CPS was calculated by assigning one point to each comorbidity and medication taken and sum calculated was categorised. Primary outcomes were defined by hospital length of stay and Barthel index at day 3 and day 5. RESULTS We found moderate positive correlation using Pearson Correlation with CPS and Barthel index at day 3 (p - value = 0.0024, correlation coefficient = - 0.191) and day 5 (p - value = 0.0013, correlation coefficient= -0.202). ANOVA test was applied to compare age with Barthel index at day 3 (p - value = 0.0005) and day 5 (p - value < 0.0001) which was statistically significant. Advanced age was not associated with longer Length of Stay (LOS) (p - value = 0.32). CPS was also not associated with longer LOS (p - value = 0.821). CONCLUSIONS CPS is an easy to measure tool for the evaluation of elderly surgical patients. CPS can be used to predict recovery in terms of activities of daily living (ADL) after surgery thereby preparing patient and family to cope up with stress of surgery and its financial and psychological outcomes. KEYWORDS Geriatric Anaesthesia, Comorbidity-Polypharmacy Score, Activities of Daily Living, Length of Stay, Barthel Index
Extradural Sacral Arachnoid Cyst - An Institutional Experience from Rajasthan, India
Authors: Shekhawat Jitendra Singh , Sharma Arvind , Chaudhary Jagdish , Ashish Ashish
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Arachnoid cyst of spinal cord (ACS) is a very uncommon lesion of the spinal cord. The problem with these lesions is that they can stimulate the pain of prolapsed intervertebral disc pathology and patient may be misdiagnosed for the same. In this study we wanted to diagnose and establish a surgical treatment in such patients. METHODS This study is a case series and comprised of 12 patients which was conducted in Department of Neurosurgery, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, in which all patients having arachnoid cyst of spinal cord were operated and follow-up for reliving of symptoms or development of new symptoms. RESULTS Our study demonstrates that surgical result is good when spinal arachnoid cyst is better. All patients who underwent surgery were having significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Surgical management is primary treatment modality in patients of arachnoid cyst of spinal cord and the results of surgery in such patients are good. KEYWORDS Spinal Arachnoid Cyst, Lumber Pain, Radiculopathy
CAMERA EAT FIRST: TOURIST MOTIVATION IN SHARING FOOD PHOTOGRAPH ON INSTAGRAM
Authors: Wachyuni Suci Sandi , Yusuf Lishia
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: Uploading food photos on social media has become a phenomenon among tourists during culinary tours. This phenomenon is increasingly developing into a hobby, namely distributing the art of food photography which is also supported by the development of increasingly sophisticated camera features on smartphones. The purpose of this study is to analyze the motivation of tourists in uploading food photos on Instagram.

Methodology: This research method is descriptive quantitative, and the data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires and literature studies. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling, namely random sampling. The number of respondents in this study was 103 people, and the data analysis technique used descriptive statistics.

Main Findings: This study's theoretical implication shows that the sequence of tourists' motivation to upload food photos on social media is capture togetherness as a realization of the social life of tourists, promotion, food documentation, food art, relaxation, reference, and existence.

Applications of this study: Knowing tourists' motivation can provide an overview of current culinary tourism behavior and can be used as suggestions for culinary businesses in designing marketing strategies. The practical implications are suggestions for culinary entrepreneurs to increase their activity and social media interaction as a marketing effort.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is original, and this is the first study that analyzing tourist motivations in sharing food photographs on Instagram. This is new because most studies are mostly done in general consumers, while the context of this study is on culinary tourism.
Methodological map: a mixed methods approach to explore the role of space in an Emirati single-gender learning environment
Authors: Alzeer Gergana
Published: June 2021

This paper provides a methodological map for guiding the choice and application of research paradigms and design frames that can be of value to a wide range of researchers in the fields of education, social sciences and interdisciplinary studies who are interested in teaching and learning in context. Following an interpretivist/constructivist paradigm, I used a mixed methods research approach to study the spatial experiences of Emirati female students in a gender--‐ segregated educational context. The main component was qualitative, using ethnography, while the quantitative part included a survey. In such a research approach, my reflexivity and unique positionality as both insider and outsider played a significant role. The paper is divided into three sections: the beginning, which justifies the choice and philosophies of the methodological route; the journey, which illustrates the data collection techniques; and the destination, containing reflexive lessons from the field.
Challenges and constraints encountered by Saudi pre-service science teachers: a critical perspective
Authors: Hamdan Amani K.
Published: June 2021

Recently, various policies have been implemented in Saudi Arabia to reform science teaching at K-12 levels in order to focus on critical thinking, inquiry-based learning, and problem solving. Research is needed to explore the adequacy of teacher preparation programs to determine whether these programs sufficiently prepare Saudi science teachers to teach according to these new reforms. This study explores the challenges that Saudi pre-service science teachers face in these higher education programs. Results indicated that graduates of the programs studied were satisfied with their experiences; however, various concerns were expressed by some pre-service teachers regarding the theory-practice gap between their university coursework and field experiences, and the supervision structures and functions in place for the professional experiences component. Modifications to the teacher preparation programs are suggested in order to address these concerns and to successfully enact reforms in science education in Saudi Arabia.
Personal Development Planning: Addressing the skills gap for engineers in Oman
Authors: Goodliffe Tess
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to discuss the decision made last year, by the Caledonian College of Engineering in Oman, to introduce compulsory modules in Personal Development Planning (PDP) at each level of study in the UK-awarded diploma and degree programmes. The primary objective of PDP is to improve the capacity of individuals to understand what and how they are learning, and to review, plan and take responsibility for their own learning. This paper describes how the main topic areas covered in PDP have been introduced to Omani engineering students; the learning/teaching methodology; how these modules are assessed and evaluated and how these areas relate to the needs of current and future employers. The challenges that have been faced during the implementation of these modules in terms of contextualisation (UK modules imported into an Omani environment) and external assessment are also discussed.
Teachers’ conceptions of teaching at a Gulf university: A starting point for revising a teacher development program.
Authors: Smith Lois
Published: June 2021

As universities are increasingly attracting students from a wider range of cultural and ethnic backgrounds, one of the challenges faced by educational developers is preparing academics to teach in a cross-cultural environment. In order to do this, teacher development programs often need to be adapted and up-dated. A widely-recognised starting point in this process is the examination of teachers’ conceptions of teaching. This paper presents a small-scale, qualitative study which looks at the conceptions of teaching held by lecturers from different ethnic and educational backgrounds at a multicultural university in the United Arab Emirates. The university in question is a small, off-shore campus of a western university. Building on existing research in this field, a phenomenographic approach is taken in which the participants were interviewed and the resulting transcripts were analysed for emerging categories of conceptions of teaching. Four qualitatively different categories were found, which had some similarities to previously established categories, but which also added some interesting dimensions to the particular context of this study, especially the emphasis placed on the syllabus. The categories are: syllabus transmission; syllabus comprehension; syllabus adaptation; and independent learning. The categories found are hierarchical and represent a general move from a teacher-focused approach to one which is more student-centred. The findings of this study were used as a starting point to revise the teacher development program at the university. Although the study is confined to one university, it is relevant to educational developers in similar off-shore institutions in the Gulf region.
Humanistic Inclusion: The Case for the Humanities in the Gulf
Authors: Brown Christopher K.
Published: June 2021

One potential lesson to be learned from the academic “culture wars” of the past few decades, regardless of which position one prefers, is that the humanities as a discipline continue to matter, perhaps more so than ever in a multi-cultural, globalized world. The systematic marginalization, even elimination, of the humanistic disciplines available represents a significant weakness for education in the Gulf; bolstering the study of the humanities – including literature, philosophy, and art history – offers a proven route towards achieving certain goals publicly avowed as priorities for education in the region. This paper proposes that engaging the humanities builds an awareness and appreciation of otherness; encourages abstract (critical) thinking; fosters language development; and, perhaps most importantly, asks students to be inspired by great ideas beautifully rendered. To become a knowledge-based society, a culture of reading deeply and independently needs to be cultivated. To empower students to become lifelong learners requires that they are, by default, lifelong readers. Furthermore, I propose that in an unsettling time of growth, change and challenges in the region, there is a reassuring possibility for humanistic inclusion that transcends the standard categories of identity politics. Students in the Gulf, just as readers everywhere else in this human world, can be shown that there is more to unite us than to divide us.
The Value for Teachers of Reflecting on Practice: a Case Study for the Gulf
Authors: Meech Richard
Published: June 2021

Instructors at tertiary-level institutions in the Gulf are increasingly encouraged to reflect on their teaching practice. This article is both a reflection on my own practice and an attempt to demonstrate, through recounting a personal experience, how reflection can contribute positively to any teacher's self-knowledge and consequent performance in the classroom.
A Cross-Cultural, Exploratory Study of Students' Reluctance to Attend Office Hours
Authors: Semmar Yassir
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to gain a better insight into the reasons that make Qatar University students reluctant to attend professors’ office hours. Factor analysis was first conducted to reveal the components underlying this reluctance; Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was then employed to analyze the effects of gender, GPA, credit hours completed, year of enrollment, and college/major on those factors. Results indicated that professor's competence and demeanor, course characteristics, students' social skills, attitudes/motivation, time conflict/communication style, students' apprehension as well as their physical/emotional state were all related to their reluctance to attend office hours. Moreover the predictor variables of gender, GPA, and credit hours completed had significant effects on several of those seven reluctance factors.
Controlador Robusto Adaptativo Super-Twisting Sliding Mode por Modelo de Referência para Regulação das Correntes Injetadas em Redes Fracas por Inversores Trifásicos com Filtro LCL
Authors: Hollweg Guilherme V. , Evald Paulo J. D. O. , Koch Gustavo Guilherme , Mattos Everson , Tambara Rodrigo V. , Gründling Hilton A.
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo é apresentada uma nova estrutura de controle robusta adaptativa, resultante da união de um Controlador Robusto Adaptativo por Modelo de Referência e um Controlador Adaptativo Super-Twisting Sliding Mode, totalmente desenvolvida em tempo discreto. A estrutura resultante é aplicada em um inversor alimentado em tensão trifásico, conectado à rede elétrica através de um filtro LCL em um ambiente de rede fraca, ou seja, que apresenta significativo teor de indutância. A principal contribuição dessa nova proposta de controle é sua alta capacidade de adaptabilidade, mantendo as características de robustez dos controladores que o compõe. Assim, sua implementação é simplificada, pois pode ser projetado considerando um modelo de referência de primeira ordem e aplicado ao controle das correntes injetadas na rede. Para tal, negligencia-se a dinâmica dos capacitores do filtro LCL durante a modelagem da planta, considerando-a como uma dinâmica do tipo aditiva. Ainda, é apresentada uma análise de estabilidade e robustez do controlador proposto, em tempo discreto, considerando a planta como um todo, isto é, em presença de dinâmicas não modeladas. Além disso, para validar a viabilidade da estrutura de controle proposta, resultados experimentais são apresentados, onde se pode observar que a estrutura de controle proposta é capaz de regular a planta adequadamente mesmo em um ambiente de rede fraca, apresentando bom desempenho, com taxa de distorção harmônica de 2,81%.
Wind Energy Conversion System Based on DFIG with Three-Phase Series Grid Side Converter and Single DC-Link
Authors: De Oliveira Ítalo A. Cavalcanti , Jacobina Cursino Brandao , Rocha Nady
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a wind energy conversion system based on doubly-fed induction generator with an additional series grid side converter without transformer is proposed. Stator voltages may be compensated by series grid side converter under distorted and unbalanced grid voltage sags, thus avoiding over-current in the rotor, over-voltage in the dc-link, double-frequency oscillations in the electromagnetic torque, and rotor over-speed. Moreover, the control strategy of the proposed system allows reactive power to be injected during voltage sags. Simulation and experimental results are presented to evaluate the proposed system.
Rehabituación vestibular en la silla de Barany para el manejo de la aerocinetosis
Authors: Correa Guarín María Alejandra , Jaimes Gómez Sonia Lucía , Mozo Madariaga Claudia Marcela
Published: June 2021

La rehabituación es una parte de la terapia vestibular que sirve para mejorar el funcionamiento del sistema del equilibrio, el cual es fundamental para el manejo de la aerocinetosis que se presenta en el personal de vuelo. Por esta razón, se decidió establecer un protocolo para realizar la rehabituación vestibular en la silla de Barany de la Dirección de Medicina Aeroespacial de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana, con el fin de unificar criterios, según los parámetros de los protocolos definidos por otras fuerzas militares. Para esta demostración, hicieron parte once pilotos que presentaron aerocinetosis y que se atendieron en la Dirección de Medicina Aeroespacial desde el 2016 hasta el 2020, a quienes se les realizó sesiones establecidas de acuerdo con el protocolo. En estas sesiones se observó la recuperación de todos los pilotos, con resolución de los síntomas y con recuperación de su actividad en vuelo. Adicionalmente se les explicó las indicaciones que debían seguir para su reintegro laboral.
Desarrollo de una metodología para la gerencia de proyectos del sector aeroespacial en Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Ruiz Giovanna Estefanía , Cárdenas Sabogal Daniel Leandro , García Molina Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

Este artículo propone una metodología para la gerencia de proyectos del sector aeroespacial en Colombia, como herramienta de apoyo y complemento en los procesos de inicio, planeación, ejecución, monitoreo, control y cierre de los proyectos referentes al sector. Lo anterior, en vista de que actualmente cada una de las entidades realiza proyectos con procesos y actividades propios de cada entidad, lo que genera una débil articulación entre las organizaciones, las instancias y los actores del desarrollo de proyectos espaciales, y, como consecuencia, se genera una baja competitividad por parte de estas organizaciones en Colombia. Dicha metodología contiene 36 procesos ajustados a las necesidades del sector, acompañados de procedimientos, diagramas de flujo y formatos a seguir durante la gerencia de proyectos. Para su desarrollo, se inició con la identificación, descripción y comparación de estándares internacionales, marcos de referencia y buenas prácticas en gerencia de proyectos, seguido de un análisis del sector aeroespacial en Colombia. Por último, la construcción de la metodología se hizo con los procesos ajustados de acuerdo a los antecedentes y su validación, en la cual, se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios por parte de los expertos seleccionados para la validación del método.
Estudio de la resistencia a la tracción de depósitos de soldadura de la aleación AA2024-T3
Authors: Ramírez Vargas David Alberto , Gil Plazas Andrés Fernando , Herrera Quintero Liz Karen
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo, se realiza un estudio de la resistencia a la tracción de diferentes depósitos de soldadura sobre láminas de la aleación de aluminio AA2024-T3 AlClad. La soldabilidad de la aleación, bajo procesos de arco, se considera limitada por su sensibilidad al agrietamiento en caliente y, por ello, se encuentra ampliamente estudiada en procesos de estado sólido o láser, en los que la afectación térmica es menor. La investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar el comportamiento mecánico de dicho aluminio al soldarlo con tecnología local. Para la experimentación, se realizaron depósitos con combinaciones de electrodo no consumible punto violeta, electrodo no consumible punto verde, metal de aporte ER4043 y sin metal de aporte (soldadura autógena). Los ensayos mecánicos estuvieron bajo el estándar ASTM E8 y bajo las recomendaciones del estándar AWS D1.2. Adicionalmente, se realizó el respectivo estudio de las superficies de fractura de cada uno de los depósitos. Entre los resultados, se destaca la notable reducción tanto de resistencia mecánica como de ductilidad, lo cual se debió a la alta presencia de porosidad, que desencadenó grietas de diversos tamaños, ligados, también, a una fragilización por hidrógeno y por presencia de partículas de segunda fase en los límites de grano.
Neurological profile of low-risk children at 3–4 years of age
Authors: Palchik A. B. , Pashkov A. Yu. , Petrova N. A. , Pervunina T. M. , Savelyeva N. A.
Published: June 2021

Background. Nervous system diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders are detected in children of preschool and school age approximately thrice as frequently as nervous system disorders in neonates. To investigate this dynamic, we admitted the necessity of standard neurological assessment of children in the interim period, that is at the age of 3–4 years old.Objective. The aim of the present research is practical testing of standard neurological assessment method for children at the approximate age of 3.5 years old.Design and methods. We studied neurological status characteristics in 26 low-risk children at the age 31–48 months with the adapted standard Neurological Profile of B. C. L. Touwen.Results. It is shown that in neurological status of children of the specified age, qualified as «neurologically healthy», not less than two deviations from optimal values were detected. The most common deviations were impaired sitting up from supine position, reduction of reaction to push in sitting position and passive muscle tone changes. The average neurological profile for these children was received. The detected neurological status deviations have correlation with speech development disorders (speech development milestones and phrase speech) (r = 0.69–0.74). At the same time, we noted dissociation between values of some neurological functions and development, and that may suggest individual of development.Conclusion. Comparison of neurological morbidity in neonatal period and in early preschool age, data about influence of neurological deviations at the approximate age of 3.5 years old on the future cognitive and behavioral disorders, as well as the findings obtained in the present research about prevalence and character of individual deviations in low-risk children, may suggest a probable mechanism of neurological, cognitive, and behavioral disorders increase in elder children.
Matchmaking through Avatars: Social Aspects of Online Dating
Authors: Krawczyk-Wasilewska Violetta , Ross Andrew
Published: June 2021

The article shows the social aspects of online dating and matching through avatars and how the powerful online applications and attractive social media running on the new devices encouraged people to move into a new space, known as virtual space or cyberspace.
Risk as productive in landscape architecture pedagogy
Authors: Price Christine , Archer Arlene
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the notion of “productive risk” as a way of understanding how diverse students can become re-makers of landscape architectural design practices and education. We trace the design trajectories of two first-year students at a South African tertiary institution and examine how the students negotiate the risk of drawing on their own experiences and resources in order to access conventionalised disciplinary practices. It is important to recognise students’ brought-along resources, but we also need to recognise the risk involved for the students and teachers in drawing on these resources. This risk needs to be seen in the light of a history of colonised education where diverse resources and experiences were often disregarded or devalued. We show how these students contextualise landscape architecture in terms of their own experiences and draw on their resources as prompts to space-making for the imagined users of their designs. We surface the risk in terms of students’ experiential resources as well as the use of unusual model-building materials and techniques. The high levels of engagement that these two students demonstrate in their design trajectories reveal the importance of making a connection between diverse contexts and the landscape architectural classroom. We argue that a pedagogy that embraces risk as productive can recognise and validate the rich knowledge, resources and experiences that students bring with them.
Quality assurance of peer-assisted learning by measuring academic performance of health sciences extended curriculum students
Authors: Slabbert Róan , Du Plessis Jeanette
Published: June 2021

Peer-assisted learning (PAL) has numerous benefits in medical curricula. In the extended curriculum programme (ECP) at a university in South Africa, remedial interventions, such as same year/level PAL, were implemented to improve academic success. This article focuses on the measures to ensure the quality of PAL as an intervention for the academic under-preparedness of ECP students. After the midterm assessment results had been verified, the academically strongest ECP students were appointed as tutors (n=10) for the remainder of the student cohort (n=31). Structured, informal PAL activities were implemented as an academic intervention between consecutive assessments. Analysis of the pre- and post-intervention results showed a statistically significant difference for the whole study population as an increase of 6.1% was recorded in post-intervention results. Nine of the ten PAL groups showed an increase in the combined group results, the highest increase being 15.1%. Although the tutor group did not show a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention results, 80% of the tutors experienced a positive effect on their academic progress by scoring higher post-intervention results. The results showed that same year/level PAL interventions can assist under-prepared ECP students to be academically successful with advantages for the tutors and tutees.
Effects of 99mTc on the electrochemical properties of thiamazole in vitro
Authors: Herenda Safija , Kazlagić Anera , Hasković Edhem , Šćepanović Jelena , Marušić Jasmina
Published: June 2021

Thiamazole inhibits the thyroid hormone synthesis and does not inactivate the existing thyroxine and triiodothyronine that circulate in the blood. In this paper Thiamazole electrochemical behavior was monitored by cyclic voltammetry on glassy carbon (GC) electrode in the absence and presence of sodium pertechnetate (99mTc). The influence of different Thiamazole concentrations without and in the presence of radiopharmaceutical 99mTc, the effect of the number of scan cycles, and the effect of 99mTc activity on the appearance of cyclic voltammograms were examined. The results show that there is an observed increase in the reduction peak current with an increase of Thiamazole concentration. It was found that the concentration of the tested drug had a significant effect on its redox characteristics. The results obtained show that the application of different concentrations of sodium pertechnetate exhibits the inhibitory properties of the used radiopharmaceutical on the drug in the treatment of thyroid gland disease.
Sistematización del Proyecto de Responsabilidad Social: “Animación Sociocultural y Escuela Saludable en una Comunidad Étnica”
Authors: Meléndez–De la Cruz Julia Raquel , Ubaldo Farro Diego Alonso , Bendezú Pérez Cintya , Alvarez Quiñones Gaby Consuelo , Huamaní Mendoza Elisa , Montoya Jiménez Clara Trinidad , Vivanco Sime Aida Milagros , López Arias Xiomara Nayeli , Farro Peña Gianina
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Exponer la experiencia de una intervención de responsabilidad social sobre animación socio cultural y escuela saludable en una comunidad étnica, implementada desde la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Material y métodos: Se centra en el relato de la experiencia vivida, sistematización del proceso, que implica la comprensión, extracción de lecciones aprendidas y comunicación de la recuperación de la experiencia práctica concreta del conocimiento producido en un proyecto de responsabilidad social en una institución educativa intercultural bilingüe. Resultados: Compromiso de actores de la comunidad educativa “Estrategia cooperar para construir”, Arte puente para la salud “Estrategia lúdica para empoderar”, Desarrollo de capacidades “Estrategia capacitar para crecer”. Conclusiones: La aplicación de la animación socio cultural en la educación para promover la salud, facilitó la integración de los participantes, haciendo de los aprendizajes experiencias gratificantes no sólo para los niños y niñas sino también para los facilitadores.
BUMDes as an Alternative Resolution to the Conflict of Marine Tourism Management in Madura
Authors: Ikhwan Mufarrijul , Safi Safi , Yulianti Rina
Published: June 2021

The utilization of coastal space for marine tourist destination has developed very rapidly; unfortunately, this marine tourism management potentially results in conflict. Marine tourism managed by villagers in Bangkalan Regency is the example of potential conflict in its implementation. In Labuhan Village, Sepulu Sub District, Bangkalan Regency mangrove tourism has resulted in conflict of management between the communities in a village. It is well established that public participation is one of variables that can affect supportability of coastal environment for marine tourism development, but non-participative management will affect the sustainability of tourism business itself. The objective of research was to formulate the model of marine tourism management policy through Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Such policy model is expected to minimize the conflict of spatial management. To achieve this objective of research, a Socio Legal Research type was used with factual and conceptual approaches. The result of research showed that the marine tourism management policy in Madura coastal area is managed more in group by mangrove farmer group, tourism consciousness group (pokdarwis) and community supervisor group (pokwasmas), and only very few have been managed by BUMDes. BUMDes is selected to be a legitimized institution in managing the marine tourism in coastal areas, because BUMDes can stimulate and activate the rural economic wheel managed fully by villagers. Juridical construction of marine tourism management through BUMDes can be legitimized based on Village Act. Village Regulation and legal entity-organization are legal figures underlying the marine tourism management through BUMDes as governed in Village Act and Minister of Village, Transmigration, and Disadvantaged Region’s Regulation about the establishment, the administration and management, and the dismissal of Village-Owned Enterprises.
The Functions of Principle as the Basis of Court Decision in Hard Cases
Authors: Marzuki Peter Machmudz
Published: June 2021

The task of court is to produce just decisions. A court decision may be just if it coheres moral. Principle is praxis of moral. This article is to articulate that principle has significant meanings in court’s decisions. This is because principle is a moral standard that serves to be a reference for Court to settle hard cases equitably. In this writing, case approach is employed. In addition, it also uses comparative approach, in which court decisions of different countries are presented. The purpose of using comparative approach is to find similarities in referring to principle despite different jurisdictions and even different legal systems. From this study, it is found that principle may serve four functions to the court to reach equitable decisions. First, it may be a legal basis for the court to settle a case equitably in the absence of legal rule. In fact, not all human conducts are prescribed by law. It is frequently presumed that what is not prohibited is permitted to do. In this study, it is found that what is not forbidden is not necessarily permissible. The corner stone of determining whether or not it is permissible is principle. In this case, principle served to be legal basis directly applied by the court to avoid producing unjust judgment. Second, the principle has the derogatory function to supersede a statutory provision. In this case, applying such a provision may result in decision contrary to moral. This, certainly, contradicts the idea of the establishment of court of justice. It is justified, therefore, referring to the principle, the court supersedes such a statutory provision to bring about a just decision. Third, the principle serves to be a basis for the court to interpret obscure statutory provision governing the case. It is not unusual that statutory provision is obscure or ambiguous. Such a provision is hard to understand. Settling the case governed by such a provision appropriately, the court should interpret the provision sensibly.
COVID-19 Preparedness and Perceived Safety in 138 Nursing Homes in Southern Portugal: A Cross-sectional Survey-based Study in the Initial Phases of the Pandemic
Authors: Brito Fernandes Óscar , Lobo Julião Pedro , Klazinga Niek , Kringos Dionne , Marques Nuno
Published: June 2021

(1) Background: Nursing homes’ preparedness in managing a public health crisis has been fragile, with effects on safety culture. The objective of this study was to assess nursing homes’ COVID-19 preparedness in Southern Portugal, including personnel’s work experiences during the pandemic. (2) Methods: We used a COVID-19 preparedness checklist to be completed by management teams, followed by follow-up calls to nursing homes. Thereafter, a survey to personnel was applied. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and thematic analysis of open-end questions. (3) Results: In total, 71% (138/195) of eligible nursing homes returned the preparedness checklist. We conducted 83 follow-up calls and received 720 replies to the personnel survey. On average, 25% of nursing homes did not have an adequate decision-making structure to respond to the pandemic. Outbreak capacity and training were fragile areas among nursing homes’ contingency plans. We identified compliance with procedures and nonpunitive response to mistakes as fragile areas of safety culture, and teamwork as a strong safety area. (4) Conclusions: To strengthen how nursing homes cope with upcoming phases of the COVID-19 pandemic or future public health emergencies, nursing homes’ preparedness and safety culture should be fostered and closely monitored.
Homicide Epidemic in Cali, Colombia: A Surveillance System Data Analysis, 1993‒2018
Authors: Guerrero-Velasco Rodrigo , Muñoz Víctor Hugo , Concha-Eastman Alberto , Pretel-Meneses Álvaro J. , Gutiérrez-Martínez Maria I. , Santaella-Tenorio Julian
Published: June 2021

Objectives. To examine homicide rates in Cali, Colombia, during the 1993–2018 period, using information derived from an interagency surveillance system.

Methods. We used homicide data from Cali’s Epidemiological Surveillance System to examine homicide trends by victim’s age and sex, time, and type of method used. We estimated trend changes and the annual percentage changes using joinpoint regression analyses.

Results. Homicide rates per 100 000 inhabitants dropped from 102 in 1993 to 47.8 in 2018. We observed reductions in homicide rates across age and sex groups. Most homicide victims were men aged 20 to 39 years from poor, marginalized areas. Firearms were used in 84.9% of all cases. The average annual percentage change for the entire period was −3.6 (95% confidence interval = −6.7, −0.4).

Conclusions. Fluctuations in homicide rates in Cali show a clear epidemic pattern, occurring concurrently with the “crack epidemic” in different countries. Reliable and timely information provided by an Epidemiological Surveillance System allowed opportune formulation of public policies to reduce the impact of violence in Cali.
A Centenary Tale of Two Pandemics: The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and COVID-19, Part II
Authors: Morens David M. , Taubenberger Jeffery K. , Fauci Anthony S.
Published: June 2021

Both the 1918 influenza pandemic and the 2019‒2021 COVID-19 pandemic are among the most disastrous infectious disease emergences of modern times. In addition to similarities in their clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features, the two pandemics, separated by more than a century, were each met with essentially the same, or very similar, public health responses, and elicited research efforts to control them with vaccines, therapeutics, and other medical approaches. Both pandemics had lasting, if at times invisible, psychosocial effects related to loss and hardship. In considering these two deadly pandemics, we ask: what lessons have we learned over the span of a century, and how are we applying those lessons to the challenges of COVID-19?
Meningkatkan Peran Serta Masyarakat dalam Mencegah Penyebaran Virus Covid-19
Authors: Haryoto Dwi , Wisodo Hari , Sujito  , Hidayat Arif , Pratiwi Hestiningtyas Yuli
Published: June 2021

Community service has been carried out in RW 12 Kel. Merjosari Malang to increase the potential and participation of the community in health environment. The increase in the number of Covid-19 patients in Malang Raya, about 3,378 people, presents that the Covid-19 virus has increased drastically both number of patients confirmed positive and patients who died. The problems faced by partners are not understanding the Covid-19 disease, weak resources, limited funds, and difficulty accessing information. The method is socialization by conducting discussions, optimizing citizen resources, monitoring and evaluation. The result is conducting discussions, developing resources, providing training, providing counseling and assistance. Citizen involvement is to provide a place to install spraying equipment, maintain spraying facilities, provide a place to conduct training, provide human resources ready to be trained voluntarily. Citizens' anxiety and restlessness were slightly reduced by increased community understanding. Citizens give a positive assessment of service. This is proven by the percentage of residents giving a positive rating on average 95.68%, consisting of 95.33% giving a positive response, and 4.67% giving a negative response.
Kemitraan Bidan dan Ibu Hamil dalam Pencegahan Covid-19
Authors: Simbolon Juana Linda , Sitompul Emilia Silvana , Siregar Marni
Published: June 2021

COVID-19, a disease that is currently endemic in almost all over the world. COVID-19 affects anyone, including pregnant women and children. The role of midwives in maternal and child health services: ANC service providers are the highest in Indonesia (82.4%). The challenge of midwifery services during the Covid-19 pandemic: knowledge of mothers and families related to COVID-19 about the dangers of COVID-19 in pregnant women can be a motivation for screening or preventing COVID-19. The aim of the service is to increase knowledge through training midwives and pregnant women about the prevention of COVID-19 and to increase partnerships between midwives and pregnant women through training to be able to socialize the importance of preventing COVID-19 to pregnant women. The method used was conducting pre-tests for midwives and pregnant women, training for midwives on the prevention of COVID-19 in pregnant women, counseling by midwives on prevention of COVID-19, and conducting post-tests. The results obtained by pre test, the majority of midwives' knowledge was moderate, while the majority of pregnant women had less knowledge. After being given training, the results of the post test increased the majority of midwives' knowledge was high and the knowledge of pregnant women was high.
Reclaiming Citizenship in the Post-Democratic Condition
Authors: Siapera Eugenia
Published: June 2021

This article reviews the central problematique of citizenship, arguing that the challenges imposed by neoliberal globalisation involve the loss of political, social and civil rights. By negating the mediations performed by citizenship between the people and the state, post-democracy renders citizenship meaningless. The article traces two main responses to this, a reactionary and a progressive one, none of which can address the problems of citizenship. The grains of a new response are found in three developments: a new ontology of the citizen, brought into being through digital acts; the existence of dual power, creating new forms of governance and social reproduction from below; and between these, the development of new procedures that directly engage with state power. Taken together, these considerations indicate a new possibility for the radicalisation of citizenship rather than a return to the former state of affairs.
Implications of Lived and Packaged Religions for Intercultural Dialogue to Reduce Conflict and Terror
Authors: Bouma Gary D
Published: June 2021

The use of intercultural dialogue (ICD) to promote intergroup understanding and respect is considered as a key to reduce tensions and the likelihood of conflict. This paper argues that understanding the differences among religions – those between packaged and lived religion – enhances the chances of success and makes the effort more challenging. Religions contained and packaged are found in formallyorganised expressions of religion – churches, denominations, synagogues, mosques, temples and so on. For packaged religions, religious identity is singular and adherents are expected to identify with only one religion and are assumed to accept the whole package of that religion. ICD in this context involves communicating with religious groups such as organisations and encouraging different leaders to speak with each other resulting in platforms filled with ‘heads of faith’ – bishops, muftis, ayatollahs, chief rabbis, swamis and so on. In contrast, lived religions involve ritual practices engaged in by individuals and small groups, creation of shrines and sacred spaces, discussing the nature of life, sharing ethical concerns, going on pilgrimages and taking actions to celebrate and sustain hope. There is some evidence that, although packaged religions are declining, lived religions continue at persistent levels. Violent extremism is more likely to be associated with lived rather than packaged forms of religion, making a more balanced intercultural competences approach to ICD critical to countering conflict.1

1 This article is a revised version of Gary D Bouma (2017) ‘Religions – lived and packaged – viewed through an intercultural dialogue prism’ in Fethi Mansouri (ed) Interculturalism at the Crossroads: Comparative perspectives on concepts, policies and practice, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, France, pp. 129–144.
Bio-Accessibility and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Dust From Higher Institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi Omoyemi Oluwatosin , Aborode Abdullahi Tunde , Orege Joshua Iseoluwa , Oyewumi Tolulope Oyelekan , Othmani Amina , Adegbola Mary Adeola , Orege Odunola Blessing
Published: June 2021

Quality of indoor air has been a major concern over time particularly in urban areas. Amidst the indoor air parameters, particulate matter/dust is of core interest owing to the fact that it acts as sediment for metals and other pollutants. Considering the ample amount of time spent indoor by students, this study has been mapped out to investigate the quality of air in tertiary institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria based on their proximity to more anthropogenic activities. Herein, pH, conductivity, and anion concentrations in the indoor dust samples were estimated employing standard analytical methods. Our findings revealed a sequence of anion concentration level as follows, Cl−>SO42−>NO3−. Also, the concentrations of some selected metals were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The variation in metal concentration observed in most study sites was in the order Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd. The mean heavy metal variation followed the trend based on the sample collection sites considered in the present study with FE > OA > FU > HT and Cu (0.480mg/kg), Zn (0.409mg/kg), Cr (0.407mg/kg), Pb (0.149mg/kg) and Cd (0.029mg/kg) being the highest concentration of each of the metals. However, all the metal concentrations were below the permissible level. The result from non-carcinogenic study indicates that the average daily dose (by ingestion) was found to be the core exposure pathway such that ADDing > ADDderm > ADDinh. Nevertheless, the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were less than 1. This implies that no potential health risk. More generally, a relative degree of safety and strict regulations is suggested to be put in place to maintain the status.