bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Android Malware Detection Based on Program Genes
Authors: Li Qingfeng , Chen Guoqiang , Li Bo
Published: April 2023

The security issues with mobile devices have received more attention as a result of the development of mobile Internet technology and the adoption of mobile intelligent terminal devices. It is becoming more crucial to quickly and effectively identify and remove harmful applications from systems in order to protect user data and personal devices. The Dalvik bytecode, permission applications, and system calls of Android apps are the main targets of the current Android malware analysis approaches. However, in recent years, an increasing amount of Android malware conceals harmful code in native code. The method for using program gene technology to identify malware on the Android platform is presented in this research. This method extracts executable library files from the Native layer binary executable files of Android programs and disassembles the library files to obtain program genes. Then, the programs’ genes perform feature screening by the information gain method and next use Word2Vec to express the semantic abstraction of the screened features. Finally, the screened features were used in deep neural network models for training and detection. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with KNN, SVM, and other machine learning algorithms, the deep neural network model is more effective and the detection accuracy reaches up to 97.51%. Thus, it confirmed the feasibility of the Android malicious program detection method based on program genes in this paper.
Poor Outcome and Mortality in Patients with Lower Lung-Dominant Sarcoidosis
Authors: Tachibana Kazunobu , Akira Masanori , Arai Toru , Sugimoto Chikatoshi , Hayashi Seiji , Inoue Yoshikazu
Published: April 2023

Background. Pulmonary sarcoidosis predominantly affects the upper lung zones but sometimes affects the lower lung zones. We hypothesised that patients with lower lung zone-dominant sarcoidosis had lower baseline forced vital capacity, progressive restrictive lung function decline, and higher long-term mortality. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed clinical data including the pulmonary function tests of 108 consecutive patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis pathologically confirmed by lung and/or mediastinal lymph node biopsy from 2004 to 2014 from our database. Results. Eleven patients (10.2%) with lower lung zone-dominant sarcoidosis were compared with 97 patients with nonlower lung zone-dominant sarcoidosis. The median age of the patients with lower dominance was significantly older (71 vs. 56,

p
=
0.0005

). The patient with lower dominance had a significantly lower baseline percent forced vital capacity (FVC) (96.0% vs. 103%,

p
=
0.022

). The annual change in FVC was −112 mL in those with lower dominance vs. 0 mL in nonlower dominance (

p
=
0.0033

). Fatal acute deterioration was observed in three patients (27%) in the lower dominant group. Overall survival in the lower dominant group was significantly worse. Conclusions. Patients with lower lung zone-dominant sarcoidosis had an older age and lower baseline FVC with disease progression and acute deterioration associated with higher long-term mortality.
Influences of Microwave Irradiation on the Physicomechanical Properties and Cerchar Abrasivity Index of Rocks
Authors: Lu Gaoming , Ding Cong , Hong Kairong , Zhou Jianjun , Liu Haining , Yan Changbin
Published: April 2023

The research is aimed at exploring the influences of microwave irradiation on the physicomechanical properties and Cerchar abrasivity index (CAI) of rocks. For this purpose, basalt collected in Chifeng (the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China) was taken as research objects to carry out microwave irradiation tests for different durations in a multimode cavity. By using the MTS815 mechanical testing machine and the abrasion servo tester of rocks, mechanical tests and Cerchar abrasion tests were conducted before and after microwave irradiation. Changes in the mass, volume, surface fractures, surface temperature, ultrasonic wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and CAI of the basalt samples before and after microwave irradiation were analyzed. Results show that the surface temperature of basalt samples linearly increases with the duration of microwave irradiation. The volume and fracture coalescence of the rock samples both increase with the prolonging duration of microwave irradiation. The mass, ultrasonic wave velocity, UCS, and CAI of the basalt samples all decrease with the increase in the duration of microwave irradiation. The reduction of the physicomechanical properties and CAI of rocks indicates that microwave irradiation can reduce the wear of rock-breaking tool and thus improve the efficiency of rock breaking.
Perceived Barriers to Effective Coverage of Health and Social Services for Sexual Violence in Young Adults in Spain
Authors: Durán-Martín Eva , Sanz-Barbero Belén , Vives-Cases Carmen
Published: April 2023

Despite the increase in sexual violence (SV) amongst young people, the use of formal services is poor. Effective coverage of health services is related to a satisfactory and quality care for the people who need a specific intervention. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influence effective coverage of SV services from the perspective of young people and professionals in Spain. A qualitative study was conducted using an inductive thematic analysis approach based on 38 semistructured interviews with young people and professionals working in SV resource services and/or youth services in Spain, from September 2020 to October 2021. A content analysis was carried out. Both the professionals and young people referred to the fact that effective coverage is limited by the factors related to SV normalization and stigma, the lack of training of professionals, and the lack of human and economic resources. Furthermore, the young interviewees perceive sexual education as more biological and not focused on SV, as well as excessive bureaucracy, medicalization of processes, and the lack of trust in resources. However, the professionals mentioned the excessive specialization of psychological recovery accompaniment programmes and the lack of specialization of judicial institutions. To conclude, both the young people and professionals identified factors that reduce effective coverage of the services related to the social construction of the problem, training, and availability of resources. The young people also perceive other factors related to care and services, while the professionals place more emphasis on factors related to the user population.
Time-Frequency Analysis of COVID-19 Shocks and Energy Commodities
Authors: Agyei Samuel Kwaku , Bossman Ahmed , Benchie Joseph Kofi Obeng , Asiamah Oliver , Arhin Emmanuel Yaw
Published: April 2023

In a time-frequency biwavelet framework, we analysed the short-, medium-, and long-term impacts of COVID-19-related shocks on ten energy commodities (i.e., Brent, crude oil, coal, heating oil, natural gas, gasoline, ethanol, naphtha, propane, and uranium) from January 2020 to April 2022. We document intervals of high and low coherence between COVID-19 cases and the returns on energy commodities across the short-, medium-, and long-term horizons. Low coherence at high frequencies indicated weak correlation and signified diversification, hedging, and safe-haven potentials in the short term of the pandemic. Our findings suggest that energy markets’ dynamics were highly driven by the pandemic, causing significant changes in market returns, particularly across the medium- and low-frequency bands. Furthermore, the empirical results indicate dynamic lead-lag relationships between COVID-19 cases and energy returns between the medium- and long-term horizons, signifying that diversification could be sought through crossinvestment in different energy commodities. The results have significant implications for market participants, regulators, and practitioners.
Predictive Value of 1-Hour Glucose Elevations during Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing for Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes
Authors: Lorenz Andrea N. , Pyle Laura , Ha Joon , Sherman Arthur , Cree-Green Melanie , Sagel Scott D. , Nadeau Kristen J. , Chan Christine L.
Published: April 2023

Background. In cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) screening, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) thresholds for detecting prediabetes and diabetes are defined by the 2-hour glucose (2 hG). Intermediate OGTT glucoses, between 0 and 2 hours, that are ≥200 mg/dL are deemed “indeterminate,” although lower 1-hour glucose (1 hG) thresholds identify those at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in other populations, and may also better predict clinical decline in CF. Studies of 1 hG thresholds <200 mg/dL in people with CF are limited. Methods. A single center, retrospective chart review was performed of patients with 1 hG available on OGTTs collected between 2010 and 2019. In patients with ≥2 OGTTs, Kaplan–Meier analysis estimated likelihood of progression to CFRD based on a high vs. low 1 hG. In patients with ≥1 OGTT, mixed-effects models tested whether baseline 1 hG and 2 hG predicted growth and lung function trajectories. Results. A total of 243 individuals with CF were identified with at least 1 OGTT including a 1 hG, and n = 177 had ≥2 OGTTs. Baseline age (mean ± SD) was 12.4 ± 2.6 years with 3.2 ± 1.4 years of follow-up. Twenty-eight developed CFRD. All who developed CFRD had a 1 hG ≥ 155 mg/dL prior to 2 hG > 140 mg/dL. The average 1 hG was 267 mg/dL when 2 hG ≥ 200 mg/dL. In a subset with baseline 2 hG < 140 mg/dL, 1 hG ≥ 140 mg/dL conferred an increased 5 years risk of CFRD (

p
=
0.036

). Baseline 2 hG predicted decline in FEV1%predicted, but 1 hG did not. Conclusions. In youth with CF, 1 hG ≥ 140 mg/dl is an early indicator of CFRD risk. However, 2 hG, rather than 1 hG, predicted lung function decline.
Study on Prevention and Control of Confined Water Hazard in Deep Resource Exploitation: Scientific Basis of “GCD-D” Design
Authors: Hu Yanbo , Xu Jiaze , Wang Qiqing , Li Jingying , Xu Qingguo , Guo Shuangfeng
Published: April 2023

Deep mining of resources has destroyed the stress balance of original rock, formed water gushing channel, and caused the outburst of confined water, thus causing disaster. At present, “Ground Controlled Directional Bedding Branch Drilling (GCD-D)” grouting has achieved remarkable results in controlling water disasters. However, “what is the scientific design principle of GCD-D?” This key scientific question has not yet been answered by systematic science. According to the regional engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions of North China-type coalfields, this study uses the methods of analogy, theoretical analysis, and model analysis to demonstrate and analyze and obtains six basic principles for the selection of the target layer for the layout of “GCD-D.” The design principle of “GCD-D” was put forward for the first time. The results can provide a scientific theoretical basis for the control of confined water disaster in deep mining of North China coalfields.
Real-Time Human-Music Emotional Interaction Based on Deep Learning and Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Jiang Tianyue , Deng Sanhong , Wu Peng , Jiang Haibi
Published: April 2023

Music, as an integral component of culture, holds a prominent position and is widely accessible. There has been growing interest in studying sentiment represented by music and its emotional effects on its audiences, however, much of the existing literature is subjective and overlooks the impact of music on the real-time expression of emotion. In this article, two labeled datasets for music sentiment classification and multimodal sentiment classification were developed. Deep learning is used to classify music sentiment, while decision-level fusion is used to classify the multimodal sentiment of real-time listeners. We combine sentiment analysis with a conventional online music playback system and propose an innovative human-music emotional interaction system based on multimodal sentiment analysis and deep learning. It has been demonstrated through individual observation and questionnaire studies that the interaction between human and musical sentiments has a positive impact on the negative emotions of listeners.
Overlapping Community Detection Algorithm Based on High-Quality Subgraph Extension in Local Core Regions of Network
Authors: Zhao Yang , Deng Kun , Liu Xingyan , Yao Jiqiang
Published: April 2023

Community structure is an important feature of complex networks. Detecting overlapping communities in complex networks is a hot research topic in data mining and graph theory, aiming at the shortcomings of community detection algorithm based on seed expansion, such as the instability of community detection results caused by randomly selecting seeds, the similarity of selected seeds leading to similar communities after different seed expansion, and the increase of calculation caused by deleting nodes in the process of seed expansion. This paper proposes an overlapping community detection algorithm based on high-quality subgraph extension in local core regions of the network (OLCRE). First, a novel seed community selection method is designed. By analyzing the sum of node degrees of the subgraph formed by a node and its neighbor nodes in the local core region of the network and the tightness of the internal and external connections of the subgraph, a seed community selection function is proposed. According to this function, high-quality subgraphs are selected from all the local core regions of the network as seed communities. Then, taking the definition of community as the guideline, a new community expansion strategy is proposed. Considering the influence of the neighbor node on the inner and outer connection tightness of the seed community comprehensively, it is determined whether the neighbor node can join the seed community. Finally, after the completion of all seed community expansion, overlapping nodes and possible missing nodes should be simplified and redetected to further improve the quality of community detection. The proposed algorithm is tested on the artificial and real-world networks and compared with several overlapping community detection algorithms. The experimental results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Design and Application of Multimedia Technology-Based Curriculum for Visual Communication Majors
Authors: Zhang Chibo , Zhao Yongli
Published: April 2023

The rapid change of technology has driven the information industry to advance and develop, and the computer network technology has been greatly improved, which also promotes the artistic expression of visual communication to develop in the direction of diversification and enrichment, providing designers with more sufficient performance carriers in visual communication design. As an essential communication method and medium in modern art and design, multimedia technology assumes the role of information transmission and communication in the teaching process of visual communication design and is an important communication platform. At the same time, in order to meet the market demand for talents, visual communication professional teaching is also faced with the contemporary task of cultivating innovative talents. And multimedia technology is gradually being applied in the field of education and teaching, becoming one of the driving forces to promote the evolution of teaching methods and teaching modes. Multimedia technology, as a medium of visual symbolic communication with the times, can not only expand and extend the depth and breadth of visual communication professional teaching but also promote the improvement of teaching methods and modes. This paper proposes that, against the background of continuous technological innovation, it is very necessary to further integrate multimedia technology into the teaching of visual communication majors. This paper discusses and analyzes and studies the application of multimedia technology in the teaching of visual communication from the aspect of innovative development in the teaching of visual communication.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Green Dye Mediated by Pure and Mn-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles under Solar Light Irradiation
Authors: Akram Rizwan , Fatima Adeena , Almohaimeed Ziyad M. , Farooq Zahid , Qadir Karwan Wasman , Zafar Qayyum
Published: April 2023

Herein this study, pure and manganese- (Mn-) doped ZnO (2 wt. %) nanoparticles have been synthesized using the chemical precipitation method and characterized for the photodegradation of methyl green (MG) pollutant dye under natural sunlight. The structural analysis via XRD patterns has revealed that both intrinsic and Mn-doped ZnO (2 wt. %) samples have hexagonal wurtzite structures with appropriate phase purity, clearly indicating the absence of any external impurity. The incorporation of Mn in the host ZnO lattice has decreased the crystallite size (21.10 → 18.76 nm), and nanoparticle-type surface features with sizes in the 50–100 nm range have been observed through FESEM-based surface morphological studies. Both aforementioned observations have merit in providing more active area and a high surface area to volume ratio for photocatalytic reaction. The investigation of photophysical properties indicates that in Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles, the absorption peak is blue-shifted by 5 nm (365 → 360 nm), due to the widening of the bandgap. The degradation kinetics of MG dye follow the pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the degradation efficiency has been observed to be 62.78% mediated by pure ZnO and 66.44% by Mn-doped ZnO (2 wt. %) photocatalyst under 60 minutes of sunlight irradiation. Specifically, the rate of photocatalytic reaction (K) ~0.01792 min-1 and [Formula: see text]~0.97992 has been achieved for pure ZnO, whereas slightly higher (K) ~0.02072 min-1 and [Formula: see text]~0.97299 have been observed for Mn-doped ZnO, respectively. Conclusively, the synergistic interactions with multiple charge transfer pathways, improvement of e−/h+ pair charge separation, improved surface area, and efficient generation of hydroxyl radicals are supposed to be responsible for the highly efficient photocatalytic activity of the Mn–doped ZnO photocatalyst for MG dye.
Flow in Microchannels between Sealing Surfaces of Casing Connections: LBM Simulation
Authors: Ye Feng , Chen Feng , Wang Wenchang , Zhang Renliang , Zhou Xing , Qin Ken , Di Qinfeng
Published: April 2023

Great difficulties have been encountered in the study of the seal failure of casing connection. The in situ microscopic seal surfaces under complex loads are hard to be obtained due to the engagement characteristics of thread. In this study, a method to construct the microscopic seal surfaces of a specified 7

″

casing PTC under complex loads was proposed. Then, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was applied to simulate the fluid flow inside the microchannel between the seal surfaces. The effect of pressure gradient and wettability on the flow behavior of a multicomponent fluid system at the microscopic scale was analyzed. Pressure gradient has a huge influence on the volume fraction of sealing compound and the average velocity of displacing fluid. The volume fraction of sealing compound decreases with the increase of pressure gradient. Break-through can be observed for fluid systems with relatively larger pressure gradient. For the systems with

Δ
p
=
0.658

,

Δ
p
=
0.439

, and

Δ
p
=
0.219

, the break-through time steps are around 61000, 99000, and 295000, respectively. Wettability has huge impact on the distribution of sealing compound, and break-through was not observed for the fixed pressure difference

Δ
p
=
0.110

with various wettability. It is expected to provide some new insights for understanding the seal failure of casing connections at the microscopic level.
Time Series Symbolization Method for the Data Mining K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Wang Guisheng
Published: April 2023

Time series is a data type frequently encountered in data analysis. With the current depth and breadth of the data and the improvement in computer processing capabilities, the dimensionality and the complexity of time series are getting higher and higher. Time series symbolization is to cluster and assign complex and lengthy time series in the form of symbols to achieve the purpose of reducing the dimensionality of the sequence or making the sequence easier to process. Considering the excellent performance of the K-means algorithm in data mining and processing, as well as in the allocation algorithm for clustering, we plan to develop a simple method for the symbolization of time series for the K-means algorithm and hope that this method can realize the high-dimensional time series dimensionality reduction, processing of the special points in time series, and so on. Based on this, this article proposes an improved sans algorithm based on the K-means algorithm and discusses the representation method and the data processing of time series symbolization. Experimental results show that this method can effectively reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional time series. After dimensionality reduction, the information retention rate contained in the elevation of the sequence can reach more than 90%, which is very effective for the detection of outliers in low-dimensional sequences.
Identification of Network Traffic Intrusion Using Decision Tree
Authors: Chen Dasheng , Song Qi , Zhang Yinbin , Li Ling , Yang Zhiming
Published: April 2023

Network technology plays an increasingly important role in all aspects of social life. The Internet has brought a new round of industrial revolution and industrial upgrading. The arrival of the “Internet” era is accompanied by a large‐scale increase in network applications and the number of netizens. At the same time, the number and severity of cyberattacks continue to increase. Therefore, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have become an important part of the current network security infrastructure in various industries. Anomaly detection of network traffic data is an effective method for network protection. In order to better realize the detection of network traffic anomalies, several algorithms have been successfully applied. Most of them come from artificial intelligence (AI), but there is a general problem of excessive model execution processing time and low detection rates. And through a lot of research, it is found that most models do not pay enough attention to the data processing in the early stage. Therefore, in this paper, we optimize the data normalization process through a series of experiments and combine the PCA feature selection method to propose an optimized MaxAbs‐DT classifier model. To train and measure the performance of the model, we used the NSL‐KDD dataset, which is the benchmark dataset for most network anomaly detection models. The experimental results show that MaxAbs‐DT outperforms other existing models and validates the effectiveness of the method. In addition, its execution time is greatly reduced compared to many models.
Early Experience of TACE Combined with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab for Patients with Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma beyond Up-to-Seven Criteria: A Multicenter, Single-Arm Study
Authors: Wang Kang , Zhu Hongfei , Yu Hongming , Cheng Yuqiang , Xiang Yanjun , Cheng Zhangjun , Li Yang , Li Tao , Wang Dongxu , Zhu Zhenyu , Cheng Shuqun
Published: April 2023

Aim. Locoregional treatment, such as TACE, in combination with immunotherapy may elicit a synergistic anticancer effect. However, TACE combined with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo/bev) has not been investigated for patients with intermediate stage (BCLC B) HCC beyond the up-to-seven criteria. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment strategy in intermediate-stage HCC patients with large or multinodular tumors exceeding the up-to-seven criteria. Methods. This multicenter retrospective study included patients with intermediate stage (BCLC B) HCC beyond the up-to-seven criteria treated with TACE combined with atezo/bev from five centers in China from March to September 2021. The outcomes of this study included the objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were analyzed to assess safety. Results. A total of 21 patients were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up duration of 11.7 months. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, the best ORR was 42.9% and the DCR was 100%. According to modified RECIST (mRECIST), the best ORR and DCR were 61.9% and 100%, respectively. The median PFS and OS were not reached. The most common TRAEs at all levels were fever (71.4%), and the most common grade 3/4 TRAE was hypertension (14.3%). Conclusions. TACE combined with atezo/bev showed encouraging efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, making it a promising treatment option for patients with BCLC B HCC beyond the up-to-seven criteria, which will be further investigated in a prospective single-arm trial.
Design of Nonlinear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller Based on the Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for the Maglev Train Traction Control System
Authors: Hu Lingfeng , Fan Kuangang , Wei Libing , Tan Wengang
Published: April 2023

This paper focuses on speed tracking control of the maglev train operation system. Given the complexity and instability of the maglev train operation system, traditional speed‐tracking control algorithms demonstrate poor tracking accuracy and large tracking errors. The maglev train is easily affected by external interference, increasing train energy consumption and reducing passengers’ riding comfort. This study proposes a control algorithm called APSO‐NLADRC to address the deficiencies of the automatic train operation control algorithms. The APSO‐NLADRC is based on adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm parameter optimization nonlinear active disturbance rejection controller (NLADRC). The method of population comparison, linear update of learning factors, and adaptive updating of inertia weight values addresses the premature convergence phenomenon that occurs during the parameter optimization of the traditional particle swarm algorithm. The APSO algorithm solves the problem that the parameters of the NLADRC are difficult to adjust. Compared with PID, NLADRC, and NLADRC based on traditional particle swarm optimization algorithms, the proposed control algorithm has higher tracking accuracy and more robust anti‐interference capability and provides better comfort.
Enhancement of QoS in Internet of Things Wearable Devices Dependent on 5G Technology
Authors: Savithri M. , Pradeepa M. , Prasad D. Rajendra , Gangodkar Durgaprasad , Rajalakshmi R. , Shafi Shaik , Sinchana N. M. , Prasanna Kumar K. R. , Selvam Nagarajan
Published: April 2023

In general, the malicious hackers can infiltrate tens of thousands or millions of insecure computers, disable infrastructure, shut down networks, and access personal information. The hackers use some security vulnerabilities in the network to steal and use the required data. And things like the buck they do with advanced technologies are constantly providing them with the data they need, not just once and no matter how protective the firewalls on the Internet are, there is still an increase in cybercrime. This was affected the Quality of Service (QoS) of a wearable device. In this paper, an improved QoS model was proposed to enhance the IoT smart systems. This algorithm was helpful to prevent the smart IoT device from the vulnerable hacking. This system was compared with the existing algorithms, and the results are displayed the below sections. The suggested method performs more than 96 percent of input entry authentication and about 3 percent of password cracking actions. The source code security management was then upgraded to 99.9%. Finally, the number of updating difficulties for various device entries was decreased by 0.02 percent, and the number of privacy breaches was reduced by up to 0.32 percent. Hence, the proposed method was more secured and free from cyber security issues.
Identification of Hub Genes and Potential Molecular Pathogenesis in Substantia Nigra in Parkinson’s Disease via Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yunan , Li Zhihui , Chi Chunling , Li Chunmei , Yang Meimei , Liu Bin
Published: April 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with significant socioeconomic burdens. One of the crucial pathological features of PD is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). However, the exact pathogenesis remains unknown. Moreover, therapies to prevent neurodegenerative progress are still being explored. We performed bioinformatics analysis to identify candidate genes and molecular pathogenesis in the SN of patients with PD. We analyzed the expression profiles, GSE49036 and GSE7621, which included 31 SN tissues in

P
D
 
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
 
a
n
d
 
17

SN tissues in healthy control samples, and identified 86 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, GO and KEGG pathway analyses of the identified DEGs were performed to understand the biological processes and significant pathways of PD. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction network was established, with 15 hub genes and four key modules which were screened in this network. The expression profiles, GSE8397 and GSE42966, were used to verify these hub genes. We demonstrated a decrease in the expression levels of 14 hub genes in the SN tissues of PD samples. Our results indicated that, among the 14 hub genes, DRD2, SLC18A2, and SLC6A3 may participate in the pathogenesis of PD by influencing the function of the dopaminergic synapse. CACNA1E, KCNJ6, and KCNB1 may affect the function of the dopaminergic synapse by regulating ion transmembrane transport. Moreover, we identified eight microRNAs (miRNAs) that can regulate the hub genes and 339 transcription factors (TFs) targeting these hub genes and miRNAs. Subsequently, we established an mTF-miRNA-gene-gTF regulatory network. Together, the identification of DEGs, hub genes, miRNAs, and TFs could provide better insights into the pathogenesis of PD and contribute to the diagnosis and therapies.
Nudge Theory Can Be Used to Optimise Cardiac Surgery Inpatient Management
Authors: Gupta Aashray K. , Kovoor Joshua G. , Bacchi Stephen
Published: April 2023

Nudge theory has influenced the behaviour of millions of individuals across the world; however, the potential power of this approach has yet to be fully utilised in the field of inpatient cardiac surgery. The nudge theory also presents multiple nonalert choice architecture modifications that may be employed. Choice architecture is already influencing decisions made in hospitals every day, whether it has been deliberately designed to promote beneficial behaviours or not. Decision making for cardiac surgery inpatients is already subject to inherent choice architectures, which may be amenable to nudges. The types of choices to which nudges may be employed in the inpatient surgical setting are numerous and may be relevant to medical officers, nursing staff, allied health staff, and patients. Through the strategic development and robust evaluation of choice architecture modification, using the principles of the nudge theory, further optimisation of cardiac surgery inpatient management may be achieved.
Investigating TrustZone: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Zhu Qinyu , Chen Quan , Liu Yichen , Akhtar Zahid , Siddique Kamran
Published: April 2023

The advent of the Internet and portable devices, including smartphones and watches, has brought unprecedented opportunities for embedded application systems developments. Along with these developments, there is an increasing need for embedded devices to handle important services, such as the ability to pay bills or manage bank accounts remotely via mobile phones. Such applications and developments have also highlighted the issues of cyberattacks and computing network security--these developments have made mobile phones a potential target for malware, trojans, and viruses, so it is critical to design a set of security technologies for embedded devices. In fact, security has become an essential requirement in the process of embedded system design. Thus, ARM has proposed system-level security solutions based on TrustZone technology. TrustZone technology is tightly integrated with Cortex™-A processors and extends the system through the AMBA® AXI bus and specific TrustZone system IP blocks to protect peripherals such as secure memory, encryption blocks, keyboards, and screens from software attacks. It divides the system into TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) and REE (Rich Execution Environment) by hardware and provides intrinsic software security services and interfaces. More precisely, it has built system security by combining hardware and software. It is worth noting that it does not influence performance, power consumption, and area as much as possible. Owing to such characteristics, the technology has gained the wide attention of researchers worldwide. There is lack of systematic documentation of the technology. Therefore, this paper documents the significant progress achieved in the field. In particular, this article mainly analyses the primary mechanism implementation, and how to build the Trusted Execution Environment in different environments. Then, this paper discusses the related research works in the academic field and business applications of the technology. Furthermore, the advantages and weaknesses of the TrustZone technology as well as the proposed possible solutions aiming at the deficiency are outlined. Finally, a comparison of TrustZone technology with another mainstream commercial SGX, and future directions are presented.
Silicon Dioxide Functionalized with Oxygen–Containing Groups for Enhanced BCl3 Adsorption
Authors: Zhang Miaolei , Liu Jianhua , Huang Guoqiang
Published: April 2023

Boron chloride in the chlorosilane is hard to remove and directly impacts the quality of polysilicon produced by improved Siemens method. Silicon dioxide functionalized with mannitol and citric acid successfully removed boron chloride in organic solution. The effects of immersion concentration and drying temperature were studied to attain the best adsorption performance. The sorption phenomenon was described well by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm; particle diffusion model proved that the adsorption on the active adsorption site was the rate determining step, with the formation of boronic esters. Thermal stability and degradation kinetic of the adsorbents were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The characterization results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray energy spectrometry, and BET showed the silicon dioxide was successfully functionalized by oxygen-containing functional groups, leading to be a better and safer substitute to traditional boron-selective chelating resin.
Benefits of Dynamic Nomogram Models for Elderly Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients’ Early Death Prediction and Clinical Application
Authors: Zhang Lingke , Jing Hongmei , Tang Shuhan , Wang Jing , Yang Ping
Published: April 2023

Background. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy, and about 60% of the patients are diagnosed in their elderly age (≥65 years old). However, little is known about the early mortality and risk factors related to elderly patients with DLBCL. Methodology. From 2000 to 2019, elderly patients diagnosed with DLBCL in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database were involved in this research and served as test cohort. Moreover, elderly DLBCL patients from Peking University Third Hospital were used for external validation cohort. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Nomogram models were constructed based on significance risk factors to predict the overall and cancer-specific early death. Besides that, the predictive value of the models was validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Calibration plots were used to evaluate the calibrating ability. Clinical benefits of nomogram were evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA). Results. 15242 elderly DLBCL patients obtained from the SEER database and 152 patients from Peking University Third Hospital were enrolled in this research. In the SEER database, 36.6% (5584/15242) of the patients had early death and 30.7% (4680/15242) of them were cancer-specific early death. Marital status, Ann Arbor stage, surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were significant risk factors for overall and cancer-specific early death of elderly DLBCL patients. Nomograms were constructed according to these risk factors. Then, ROC analysis showed that the AUC of OS was 0.764 (0.756~0.772), and CSS was 0.742 (0.733~0.751). In the validation group, the AUC of OS was 0.767 (0.689~0.846) and CSS was 0.742 (0.743~0.83). Conclusion. The calibration plots and DCA analysis revealed that the nomograms were good at early death prediction and clinical application. Predictive dynamic nomogram models for elderly DLBCL patients were established and validated, which might play an essential role in helping physicians enact better treatment strategies.
Hospital‐Related Lineage of USA300 Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to Cause Bacteremia in Iran
Authors: Navidinia Masoumeh , Zamani Samira , Mohammadi Anis , Araghi Shahram , Amini Chakameh , Pourhossein Behzad , Goudarzi Mehdi
Published: April 2023

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes bloodstream infections. This study is aimed at assessing the genotypic characteristics of S. aureus strains responsible for bloodstream infections. An epidemiological study was conducted using 85 S. aureus strains isolated from bloodstream infections. Susceptibility was tested using the broth microdilution method and disk diffusion. All detected methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were confirmed by mecA PCR assays. S. aureus isolated from bacteremia were characterized using SCCmec, spa, and multilocus sequence typing methods. The prevalence of S. aureus strains responsible for bloodstream infections was 38.8%. All isolates were MRSA. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was present in 84.7% of isolates. MRSA isolated categorized within six clonal complexes including CC8 (60%), CC22 (22.4%), CC5 (5.9%), CC30 (4.7%), CC45 (4.7%), and CC59 (2.3%). The main lineages found were USA300/CC8‐MRSA‐IV/t008 (41.2%), followed by ST22‐SCCmecIV/t790 (9.4%), ST239‐SCCmecIII/t037 (7.1%), ST22‐SCCmecIV/t032 (7.1%), ST239‐SCCmecIII/t631 (5.9%), ST239‐SCCmecIII/t860 (5.9%), ST22‐SCCmecIV/t852 (5.9%), ST5‐SCCmecIV/t002 (4.7%), ST45‐SCCmecIV/t038 (4.7%), ST30‐SCCmecIV/t318 (4.7%), ST59‐SCCmecIV/t437 (2.3%), and ST225‐SCCmecII/t045 (1.1%). Resistance to vancomycin amounted to 5.9% of isolates that belonged to ST239‐SCCmecIII/t037 (80%) and ST8‐SCCmecIV/t008 (20%). The emergence of USA300 strains in bloodstream infections in our country is a serious alarm and highlights the significant invasion of this lineage into the healthcare system. MDR patterns among these strains appear to be becoming the biggest problem in healthcare treatment.
Siamese Interaction and Fine-Tuning Representation of Chinese Semantic Matching Algorithm Based on RoBERTa-wwm-ext
Authors: Qiang Baohua , Xi Guangyong , Wang Yufeng , Yang Xianyi , Wang Yuemeng
Published: April 2023

Semantic matching research is the cornerstone of research in the fields of natural language similarity measurement and sensor ontology matching (OM). In the existing Chinese semantic matching methods, there are some shortcomings, such as the single dimension of semantic expression, the insufficient expression of context semantic relations, and the insufficient interaction of semantic information between different sentences. This paper proposes a Chinese semantic matching algorithm based on RoBERTa-wwm-ext with Siamese interaction and fine-tuning representation (RSIFR). The RSIFR model initializes the model with RoBERTa-wwm-ext as a vector of text. Firstly, a Siamese structure with embedded soft alignment attention mechanism and BiLSTM is constructed to realize the information interaction between two sentences. Secondly, LSTM-BiLSTM network structure is constructed to enhance the expression of semantic logic before and after sentences. Then, build a training model with fine-tuning mechanism. Fine tune the text’s eigenvector parameters through label supervision. Finally, the fusion vectors of the sentence pairs are inserted into the MLP network layer, resulting in semantic matching results. RSIFR model starts from a variety of dimensions, strengthens the expression ability of vectors to text semantic relations, deeply mines the semantic similarities and differences between different sentences, and generally improves the Chinese semantic matching performance. Experiments on the public dataset LCQMC show that our model outperforms existing Chinese semantic matching models.
Dickkopf 4 Alone and in Combination with Leucyl‐tRNA Synthetase as a Good Prognostic Biomarker for Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Park Su-Jeong , Cho Jun Gi , Han Sang-Heum , Kim Yu-Mi , Pak Min-Gyoung , Roh Mee-Sook , Park Joo-In
Published: April 2023

The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is affected by invasion and metastasis. Leucyl‐tRNA synthetase (LARS) was shown to be related to the growth and migration of lung cancer cells. Dickkopf 4 (DKK4) is known as a Wnt/β‐catenin pathway inhibitor, and its upregulation was reported in several cancers. However, the clinical significance of LARS and DKK4 in human CRC has not been clearly defined. We investigated the expression of LARS and DKK4 by immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays from 642 primary CRC patients and analyzed the relationship between their expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. LARS and DKK4 expressions were not related to gender, age at surgery, histologic grade, size, tumor location, tumor invasion, or metastasis, but LARS expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage, N stage, and lymph node metastasis. DKK4 expression was inversely related to the TNM stage and N stage. Survival analysis demonstrated that the OS and DFS in the LARS high expression group were not different compared to the LARS low expression group. OS and DFS in the DKK4 high expression group were significantly higher than in the DKK4 low expression group. In addition, OS and DFS in the group with the combination of the LARS high/DKK4 low expression were significantly lower than in the LARS high/DKK4 high expression group. The low expression of DKK4 alone can be used as a predictor of relapse in CRC patients. In addition, DKK4 low expression in the case of LARS high expression can be used as a poor prognostic factor in CRC patients. Thus, our findings suggest that DKK4 alone or in combination with LARS at diagnosis may be a useful prognostic factor for CRC.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Derived Metrics and Capillary Vessel Density in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes without Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Cutruzzolà Antonio , Carnevali Adriano , Gatti Valentina , Latella Giovanni , Lamonica Luca , Oliverio Flavia , Borelli Massimo , Parise Martina , Di Molfetta Sergio , Scorcia Vincenzo , Irace Concetta , Gnasso Agostino
Published: April 2023

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an innovative and reliable technique detecting the early preclinical retinal vascular change in patients with diabetes. We have designed our study to evaluate whether an independent relationship exists between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glucose metrics and OCTA parameters in young adult patients with type 1 diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (DR). Inclusion criteria were

age
≥
18

years, diagnosis of type 1 diabetes

from
≥
1
 
year

, stable insulin treatment in the last three months, use of real-time CGM, and CGM wear

time
≥
70
%

. Each patient underwent dilated slit lamp fundus biomicroscopy to exclude the presence of DR. A skilled operator performed OCTA scans in the morning to avoid possible diurnal variation. CGM-derived glucose metrics from the last 2 weeks were collected through the dedicated software during OCTA. Forty-nine patients with type 1 diabetes (age 29 [18; 39] years, HbA1c

7.7
±
1.0
%

) and 34 control subjects participated in the study. Vessel density (VD) of the whole image and parafoveal retina in the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) was significantly lower in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls. The coefficient of variation of average daily glucose, evaluated by CGM, significantly correlated with foveal and parafoveal VD in SCP and with foveal VD in DCP. High glucose variability might be responsible for the early increase of VD in these areas. Prospective studies may help understand if this pattern precedes DR. The difference we detected between patients with and without diabetes confirms that OCTA is a reliable tool for detecting early retinal abnormalities.
Evaluation of the Combination of Recombinant FSH and Antioxidant Therapy on DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) in Infertile Men
Authors: Ayati Fatemeh Sadat , Mohebbi Niayesh , Gholami Kheirollah , Mohazzab Arash , Heidari Mahnaz , Amirjannati Naser
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Medications such as antioxidants and recombinant FSH are prescribed to improve sperm DFI (DNA fragmentation index) and treat infertility. Due to the high cost and duration of medications, in this study, we decided to investigate the effectiveness of combining these two medications with lower doses and in less time, compared to previous studies prescribing them individually, to reduce sperm DFI in infertile men. Methods. This study, a retrospective observational before and after trial, included a group (

n
=
94

) of men aged 18-50 years with

DFI
>
20
%

suffering from male factor infertility in an andrology clinic in Tehran, Iran, from 2019 to 2020. Patients received the combination of two medications, recombinant FSH every 5 days (75 IU subcutaneously) and an antioxidant every day (selenium, vitamin E, CoQ10, and folic acid) for 2 months. The patient’s sperm DFI and sperm parameters have been measured before and after the medication and were reported in patient’s files. In all patients, we compare the sperm DFI and sperm parameters before and after the treatment to evaluate the effect of the combination therapy. Results. The sperm DFI was significantly reduced (

p

value ≤0.001) in the patients treated by the combined medication. The sperm DFI improvement was 50.16% in the total population. However, there were no significant changes in other sperm parameters such as sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility, immotile sperms, and abnormal morphology. Total sperm count and nonprogressive motility had significant changes statistically. Conclusion. Sperm DFI is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of semen. In this study, we demonstrate that the combination of recombinant FSH and antioxidants in a shorter time and with lower doses is effective in reducing DFI significantly. But in terms of other sperm parameters, it does not make a significant difference.