bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Severe Ocular Trauma
Authors: K. Bober Natalia , Kumaran Neruban , H Williamson Tom
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To investigate outcomes and presenting characteristics for subjects undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for ocular trauma.
Methods: Retrospective study of 113 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for severe ocular trauma at [name deleted to maintain the integrity of the review process] between 1999 and 2018. Data were collected on age, gender, initial and final visual acuity (LogMAR), mode of injury, type of injury, number of surgeries performed, follow-up duration, type of tamponade, presence of phthisis, and retinal detachment. The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System (BETTS) was employed.
Results: We identified assault and contusion injuries to be the most common mode and type of ocular injury in our cohort. Furthermore, through follow-up we noted a varied number of operations required by patients presenting with ocular trauma and a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity from 1.73 (±0.86) LogMAR to 1.17 (±1.03; p <0.01) LogMAR. A statistically significant difference in final visual acuity was also noted between BETTS classified type of injury groups (p < 0.01). Notably, only 7.3% and 8.2% of patients developed phthisis or a persisting retinal detachment, respectively, during follow-up.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that ocular trauma requiring pars plana vitrectomy can require a varied number of operations with a guarded visual prognosis. However, a small percentage will proceed to develop phthisis following intervention.
Bilateral Optic Disc Edema in a Patient with Lead Poisoning
Authors: Pigatto Paolo , Guzzi Gianpaolo
Published: August 2021

This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Ensino de história, música popular brasileira e relações de gênero em sala de aula: perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas
Authors: Souza Alfredo Clodomir Rolins de , Souza Mary Jane Barbosa de Souza
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste texto é fazer um relato de experiência de uma atividade que fez parte do minicurso Ensino de História, música popular brasileira e relações de gênero em sala de aula: perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas, dentro da programação da II Jornada de Gênero, Cultura e Deslocamento, da Universidade Estadual de Roraima, nos dias 15 e 16 de abril de 2021. O referido curso teve como objetivo abordar as potencialidades da música popular brasileira nas aulas de História do Brasil, para a discussão e compreensão das relações de gênero, visando a capacitação de professores e acadêmicos acerca da música enquanto expressão de um povo, como documento, linguagem, como instrumento de construção de subjetividades, como ferramenta didático-pedagógica e as possibilidades de seu uso nas aulas de História. Por sua vez a atividade aqui relatada buscou discutir a historicidade das questões de gênero, do feminismo no mundo e na sociedade brasileira. O contexto em que nascem as reflexões e as demandas dos dias atuais, valendo-se dos aportes de alguns teóricos dialogando com o conteúdo de três canções brasileiras: Ai, que saudade da Amélia; Assim não dá e Triste, louca ou má.  As participações nos diálogos comprovaram a eficiência da metodologia. Houve momentos de entusiasmo por parte dos/as cursistas ao constatarem o potencial da música popular brasileira, revelando-se importante documento e fonte nos estudos sobre as relações de gênero.
Gênero, cultura e deslocamentos: uma pequena história e muitas inquietações
Authors: Silva Raimunda Gomes da , Pereira Mariana Cunha , Nogueira Francisco Marcos Mendes , Santos Alessandra  Rufino , Pereira Alexandre Adalberto , Brito Maria Lúcia da Silva
Published: August 2021

A II Jornada de Gênero, Cultura e Deslocamentos realizada em abril de 2021, de forma online, teve como objetivos  propiciar estudos e debates de forma propositivas, bem como proporcionar  espaço de debates, estudos, reflexões críticas e propositivas sobre as relações de gênero em diferentes níveis de deslocamentos contemporâneos, especialmente no contexto atual da política fascista, que interdita o processo sócio-histórico da construção de uma sociedade democrática e plural em que haja pesquisadores(as), estudantes de graduação, pós-graduação, ativistas interessados(as) em enriquecer as discussões, suscitar outros olhares e novas possibilidades de se pensar as práticas de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, seja no campo da história e/ou da educação, a partir da abordagem de gênero, da cultura e dos deslocamentos humanos. Dessa forma, o volume da REVES – Revista de Relações Sociais ora apresentado assume o compromisso de ampliar leituras e romper barreiras impostas a essas dimensões relacionadas às questões de Gênero, Cultura e Deslocamentos. Os artigos aqui publicados foram organizados à luz dos três eixos temáticos: “Gênero, Identidades e Deslocamentos”, “Gênero, Educação e Sexualidade”, e “Estudos de Gênero – possibilidades metodológicas”.
Od Boga do terroru. Rola religii w ideologii dżihadyzmu na przykładzie organizacji Al-Kaida
Authors: Kosmynka Stanislaw
Published: August 2021

Autor porusza szereg ważnych kwestii związanych ze zjawiskiem terroryzmu, jego definiowalnością i współczesnymi formami jego manifestowania. Koncentruje się na ukazaniu religijnej motywacji, stojącej za zamachami terrorystycznymi dokonywanymi przez islamistów w rożnych częściach świata. Istotę rozważań stanowi refleksja nad tym, dlaczego i w jaki sposób stosowany jest terror w imię Boga, jakie przesłanki towarzyszą jego wyrazicielom i jakie formy on przybiera. Towarzyszy temu omówienie poglądów głównych myślicieli, którzy są przywoływani przez współczesnych islamistów. Autor wielokrotnie zwraca uwagę na to, że mechanizmy identyfikacji i tożsamości oparte na pojęciu sacrum generują tak sprzeczne z jego istotą treści interpretacyjne, co niejednokrotnie prowadzi do podejmowanej w imię wiary przemocy. Podkreśla fundamentalne różnice między zasadami islamu a terroryzmem, wykrzywiającym jego przesłanie. W bardzo interesujący sposób charakteryzuje postawy i działania terrorystów oraz społeczno-psychologiczne uwarunkowania kształtujące ich motywację i tożsamość. Socjologiczna, analiza, diagnoza i interpretacja oświadczeń liderów Al-Kaidy pozwoliła Autorowi publikacji przedstawić w sposób niezwykle pogłębiony sposoby prezentowania antagonizmów i obowiązków adresowanych do wiernych przez islamistycznych terrorystów. W swojej pracy Stanisław Kosmynka dotyka również takich kwestii, jak męczeństwo czy wymiary percepcji „świętej wojny” i jej orędowników.
​Effects of Leonardite Application on Yield of Broad Beans (Vicia faba L.) under Low Input Rainfed Semi-arid Mediterranean Highland Condition of Turkey
Authors: Uçar Özge , Soysal Sipan , Erman Murat
Published: August 2021

Background: This study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of leonardite applications on yield and some yield components of spring grown broad beans (Vicia faba L.) in the ecological conditions of Siirt province in 2017 and 2019 in the experimental fields of Siirt University. Methods: The study was established in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tested leonardite doses were 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 kg ha-1. Conclusion: The effect of leonardite doses on all of the investigated properties was found statistically significant. According to the results, plant height, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 grain weight and grain yields were varied between 45.7-61.3 cm, 10.1-13.2 cm, 5.03-8.00 pieces per plant, 2.63-4.03 pieces per pod, 115.6-131.7 g and 1659-1808 kg ha-1, respectively. In terms of all examined properties in this research, 1000 kg ha-1 leonardite application produced the best result. According to the results obtained from this research, 1000 kg ha-1 leonardite application was recommended for broad bean cultivation in the semi-arid Mediterranean climate conditions on highlands.
El futuro del pasado en América Latina
Authors: Peters Stefan
Published: August 2021

El artículo discute los desarrollos recientes de los estudios de memoria al inicio del siglo XX y las dinámicas recientes en las políticas de memoria y en la cultura memorialística de América Latina. Basándose en este análisis, el artículo argumenta en favor de repensar los estudios de memoria, poniendo especial énfasis en tres puntos que puedan guiar el futuro de los estudios de memoria en América Latina: memorias y desigualdades, el estudio de la (no-)memoria en sus dos aristas del olvido y del silencio, así como las dinámicas transregionales de la memoria. El artículo cierra con unas reflexiones sobre la importancia de la memoria y los estándares del éxito de una política de memoria. En esta parte, el artículo argumenta que el campo de la memoria siempre será controvertido y que solamente estas disputas pueden garantizar que la memoria se mantenga viva.
Intervención didáctica para la extracción y cuantificación de esteroides en orina
Authors: Angulo Diego Hernando , Casas Jaime Augusto , Cipagauta Edna Carolina , Aparicio David Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Este artículo describe una estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de un método de extracción en fase sólida miniaturizada en contextos del trabajo práctico de laboratorio [TPL]. Se parte de los imaginarios previos de los estudiantes para, a partir de algunas sesiones de laboratorio, generar cambios conceptuales y promover un aprendizaje significativo. En este trabajo se relatará la experiencia de conjugar el empleo de una técnica de preparación de muestras —PT-SPE— con un ejercicio de intervención didáctica para el desarrollo de habilidades procedimentales. Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de TPL en la multideterminación de tres esteroides en muestras de orina al emplear HPLC-DAD-PT-C18-SPE, que presentan adecuados porcentajes de recuperación y parámetros de validación. Los resultados de la intervención muestran una mejoría en habilidades relacionadas con métodos de extracción en fase sólida. Se concluye que hubo cambios conceptuales frente a procesos analíticos, una adecuada familiarización con nuevas metodologías de preparación de muestras, aumento significativo del lenguaje químico y la comprensión de conceptos, junto con la aplicación de procesos cognitivos de bajo orden, para la promoción de habilidades cognitivas de alto orden.
Interoperability of electronic health records using Semantic Knowledge Graphs. A use case applied at the UTPL University Hospital
Authors: Calva Monica , Piedra Nelson
Published: August 2021

Patient medical information is diverse, extensiveand of high value in supporting informed medical decision-making.This information is highly complex, is distributed among differentsystems, presents high heterogeneity, is stored in different formats,and has different structuring levels. The management of thisinformation poses interoperability challenges in tasks related to dataintegration and reuse. In this paper, an alternative is presented toface these challenges using semantic technologies. We propose totransform this heterogeneous, distributed, and unstructuredinformation in a way that ensures high interoperability, reuse, anddirect processing by machine agents. The pilot of this proposal wasdeveloped at the UTPL Hospital.
Scout-bot: Leveraging API Community Knowledge for Exploration and Discovery of API Learning Resources
Authors: Ajam George , Rodriguez Carlos , Benatallah Boualem
Published: August 2021

Application Programming Interface (API) is a core technology that facilitates developers’ productivity by enabling the reuse of software components. Understanding APIs and gaining knowledge about their usage are therefore fundamental needs for developers. Here, API documentation plays a pivotal role in enabling developers to take full advantage of the benefits brought by APIs. The quality of API documentation has therefore become an important concern given the celerity and dynamics at which APIs are now being made available to users. This article aims at exploring existing research in the area of API documentation in order to identify the associated quality dimensions addressed by the literature. The research is carried out as a systematic mapping study where 103 research papers selected from the literature were reviewed and a total of 5 core quality dimensions were identified and analyzed. By focusing on the two most relevant quality dimensions (understandability and completeness), this article presents an approach to enable API users to explore, discover and learn about APIs through API topic issues discussed in Stack Overflow (SO). We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach through Scout-bot, our tool for exploration and discovery of API topic issues.
The work of a speech therapist teacher with families of the "risk group" in the conditions of a preschool educational institution
Authors:   «Kindergarten №281», Perm, Russia, Kuchukbaeva Larisa N.
Published: August 2021

The author of the article offers a system of work on speech therapy and psychological support for children and parents of the "risk group" in the conditions of a preschool educational institution. The article describes the tasks, forms, directions, and types of work with dysfunctional families that encourage parents to engage in conscious activities for the development and upbringing of a child in the family.
Fairy tale therapy as a technology of socialization of preschool children with Down syndrome
Authors:   KryvyiRih State Pedagogical University, KryvyiRih, Suiatynova Ekaterina E. , Karpenko Maria S. ,   KryvyiRih State Pedagogical University
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the influence of fairy tale therapy in the direction of socialization of preschool children with Down syndrome.The author considered the problem of children with special educational needs in the world and in Ukrainian society.Medical and psychological characteristics of Down syndrome were analyzed. The features of using fairy tale therapy in work with the above group of preschoolers are considered.
Interactive game as a means of preventing dysgraphy in primary school children with mental retardation
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov, Usenkova Ekaterina V. , Yakovleva Alina S. ,   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that currently writing disorders are one of the most common speech pathologies in children, especially in children with mental retardation. The leading activity in primary school age in children with mental retardation is play, so interactive play can become a leading method in the prevention of dysgraphy. Prevention of dysgraphy is an important link for determining the content of speech therapy work to prepare children of this category to learn to read and write.
Subject-spatial environment as a means of cognitive development of preschool children with disabilities
Authors:   «Kindergarten №18» Uglich, Maltseva Polina Y.
Published: August 2021

The author of the article describes the practical experience of using the subject-spatial environment as a means of cognitive development of preschool children with disabilities. In the course of interaction between the teacher-defectologist and children in the framework ofproject activities, the author speaks about the effectiveness of the presented work.
Neuropsychological aspect of the formation of educational activity in primary school children with mental retardation
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Korobintseva Maria S.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the formation of educational activity in primary school children with mental retardation as a condition for the development of an adapted educational program; describes the effective experience in the formation of all components of educational activity, taking into account the neuropsychological aspect.
Elements of a compensating educational resource for accompanying children with disabilities
Authors:   «Kindergarten №27», Balashikha, Serdyukova Svetlana E.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the contents of the project "Creating a holistic model of psychological and pedagogical support, socialization and individualization of the development of children with different capabilities and needs in the context of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education".
Content of psychocorrection classes for students with mental retardation
Authors:   MAOU Gymnasium №16, Kungur, Sharova Yulia I.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the content of psycho-correctional classes of the adapted basic general educational program for primary general education of students with mental retardation grade 1 (option 7.2). The course of the correctional-developing field “Psychocorrectional classes” is mandatory for implementation. It is aimed at correcting various mental deficiencies in schoolchildren receiving education
The state of emotional-evaluative vocabulary in the expression of emotions in preschool children with general speech underdevelopment
Authors:   Leningrad State University named after A S. Pushkin, Yeletskaya Olga V. , Silaeva Lyudmila A. ,   Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin
Published: August 2021

The article presents typical difficulties in controlling and expressing their emotional states by verbal and non-verbal means in children with general speech underdevelopment. The study of emotionalevaluative vocabulary in the vocabulary of children of this category revealed the features of understanding and using this vocabulary: problemsof understanding words with emotional load, limited active vocabulary of emotional-evaluative vocabulary, difficulties in selecting synonyms and antonyms for emotional-evaluative words, the processes of word formation and inflection are difficult.
The specifics of language analysis and synthesis in primary school children with dysgraphy
Authors:   Secondary school №2 named after Hero of the Soviet Union A.P. Ivanov, Efimova Arina V.
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the features of language analysis and synthesis in primary school children with dysgraphy, which allow us to get an idea of the degree of formation of the operations of language analysis and synthesis and writing, which can later be used as the basis for the analysis of the existing violations of writing in children. As a result of the analysis of experimental data, several groups of children with writing disorders were identified. The data revealed in the course of the study allow us to expand the understanding of the features of mental operations and language analysis and synthesis skills in primary school children and to increase the effectiveness of correctional speech therapy.
Kinesiology and interhemispheric interaction in speech therapy work with older preschool children
Authors:   «Kindergarten of combined type №30 «Lesnaya Skazka», Balashikha, Osadchaya Victoria V.
Published: August 2021

The author of the article offers a system of games and exercises used in speech therapy work with children of older preschool age, based on kinesiology and neuropsychology. These games and exercises allow preschoolers to develop communication skills, visual and motor memory, concentration and stability of attention, observation, hand coordination, and motor skills.
Field service of correctional and developmental assistance to children with speech pathology living in rural areas
Authors:   Center of Defectology of the Komi Republic, Sazhina Svetlana D.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the rationale and summary results of the project, supported by the Presidential Grants Fund in 2019 and 2020, aimed at providing diagnostic and correctional speech therapy assistance to children of preschool and primary school age, as well as advisory assistance to parents and teachers living in rural areas of the Komi Republic.
A. Efimova Training School of Inclusive Volunteering «We are near»
Authors:   Karaganda regional psychological-medical-pedagogical consultation №2, Efimova Olga A.
Published: August 2021

The author shows specific methods of working with volunteers-schoolchildren, which contribute to the disclosure of the concept of "people with special educational needs", form a tolerant attitude towards peers who study inclusively. School-age volunteers get an idea of the principles of volunteer activity, learn the rules of communication with peers with special educational needs, understand the meaning of volunteer assistance to those who are nearby
Organization of early screening and early psychological and pedagogical support for children and their families in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Psychological-medical-pedagogical consultation №4 of the akimat of Nur-Sultan, Amarova Asemgul T.
Published: August 2021

The author of the article pays attention to the provision of early comprehensive care, focused on the family. This is a system of specially organized activities of health, education and social protection agencies: early screening, determining the level of child development and designing individual early education programs, providing primary assistance in implementing developmental programs in a specially organized pedagogical environment, training and counseling families, psychological and legal support for families, early planned and emergency medical correction; coordination of all social institutions and services.
KARAKTERISTIK PENAFSIRAN AL-QUR’AN DALAM TAFSIR AN-NUR DAN AL-AZHAR
Authors: Arifiah Dheanda Abshorina
Published: August 2021

Tulian ini membahas dua kitab tafsir modern yakni Tafsir al-Azhar dan An-Nur dua kitab tafsir ini memiliki sisi keunikan dan keunggulan karena sama-sama bercorak tafsir ke indonesiaan. Tafsir Hasbi merupakan produk zaman dan masih harus melihat kesempurnaan-kesempurnaan lain pada zaman berikutnya. Artinya tafsir ini mentitikberatkan pada sejarah  dan sebuah proses sejarah yang senantiasa mengalami transisi pada kurun waktu. Sedangkan  Tafsir Al-Azhar memiliki langkah dan karakteristik yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan beberapa kitab tafsir modern-kontemporer. Metode,  corak serta langkah penafsiran yang Hamka ambil dalam memahami al-Qur’an telah memperlihatkan kesungguhannya dalam membumikan al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan Islam Indonesia yang lebih nyata dan kontekstual.
In Pursuit of Phrenic Nerve-Sparing Regional Anesthesia For Awake Shoulder Manipulation In Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Sumantri Syahrul Mubarak Danar
Published: August 2021

Introduction. While interscalene brachial plexus block remains the gold standard of any shoulder procedure, including shoulder manipulation in patients with adhesive capsulitis, anesthesiologists are reluctant to face the risk of phrenic nerve paresis, especially in patients with preexisting pulmonary conditions. Hence, many studies have targeted specific regional anesthesia of the shoulder low enough by the blockade level, leaving phrenic nerve function intact but still providing satisfying anesthesia for shoulder procedures. Until recently, no comparison between these regional anesthesia techniques focusing on shoulder manipulation for adhesive capsulitis has been published. Case Report. We compared the profiles between suprascapular nerve block, shoulder interfascial plane block, and superior trunk block as the sole anesthesia technique in patients with adhesive capsulitis undergoing awake shoulder manipulation. Conclusion. This report descriptively signifies superior trunk block excellence among other regional anesthesia techniques in achieving complete anesthesia for awake shoulder manipulation in patients with adhesive capsulitis while sparing the phrenic-nerve function
ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS AND ETHLACETATE FRACTION FROM THE EXTRACT OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAVES AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Wulandari Sekar
Published: August 2021

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria that can cause infection. One of the plants that has antibacterial activity is jatropha leaves which contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids and polyphenols. Purpose: To determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction with concentrations of 30%, 60% and 100% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Method: The method for extracting jatropha leaves is maceration with 96% ethanol solvent and the fractionation method, namely liquid-liquid fractionation with ethyl acetate solvent. Antibacterial activity test was carried out in vitro with the disc diffusion method and compared the mean zone of inhibition of each treatment with a positive control (gentamicin 10 μg). Result: The results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of jatropha leaves had a strong resistance response, while the positive control gave a very strong inhibitory response to the growth of S. aureus bacteria. Based on the one way ANOVA test, ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed a significant difference from each treatment with a significant value (P=<0.05). Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Jatropha leaves can inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria at a concentration of 100% (18.28 ± 0.50 mm), 100% concentration of ethyl acetate fraction (15.10 ± 0.12 mm). The ethanol extract provided the best inhibition power, namely 18.28 ± 0.50 mm and a positive control 21.82 ± 0.092 mm.
Antioxidant activities of pomegranate peel methanolic and water extracts by in vitro methods
Authors: Turkmen Filiz Ucan , Sarigullu Onalan Fatma Esen , Mercimek Takci Hatice Aysun
Published: August 2021

In this study, the antioxidant activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extracts were investigated using different antioxidant activity methods. The antioxidant activities of extracts prepared at different concentrations (100-1000 μg/ml) were compared with α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, BHT, and BHA standards. The methanol extract of peels had the highest yield (45.5%). Chelating activities (Fe2+) of methanol extract at 100-1000 μg/ml concentrations ranged between 16.63 and 46.45%. However, the chelating activities of all test extracts were lower than the standards. The reducing power of all extracts increased concentration-dependent. DPPH˙˙ radical scavenging activity of methanol extract varied in the range of 18.53 to 88.75%. The highest percentage inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation was found in 250 μg/ml concentrations. Trolox equivalent (TEs) antioxidant capacity values of methanol extract ranged from 3.09 to 15.27 µM TEs 10 g-1. It was determined that methanol extract showed a dose-dependent inhibition of the antioxidant activities.
Analysis of the Potential of Beef Cattle Business Development in Indramayu District
Authors: Perwitasari Fitri Dian , Putra Ahmad Romadhoni Surya , Suwignyo Bambang , Widiati Rini
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to analyze the potential for cattle business development in Indramayu Regency. The research locations selected using purposive sampling method were based on the following criteria: (1) Indramayu Regency is the 2nd largest rice producers in the Province of West Java, (2) The area covers 2,099.42 km2 based on secondary data obtained from BPS Indramayu Regency in numbers and (3) The area of agricultural land is still larger than the area of resident housing. The data analysis method used the carrying capacity index (IDD) and Location Question (LQ) analysis formulas. The data were processed and explained descriptively. The results of this study resulted in carrying capacity values consisting of 3 patterns, namely the highest carrying capacity value > 20,000 AU (Gantar and Terisi). Medium carrying capacity value > 10,000 AU (Cikedung and Gabuswetan). Low value carrying capacity 5.000-10.000 AU (Haurgelis, Suyeg, Juntiyuat, Bongdua, Kertasemaya, Patrol, Kedokanbunder and Sindang). The results of the analysis of IDD > 2 there are 12 sub-districts, meaning that based on the availability of forage feed from agricultural land, it is included in the safe category to increase the population of beef cattle. The potential for beef cattle development in Indramayu Regency needs to be prioritized in 12 sub-districts with LQ > 1 and IDD > 2 accompanied by government policies to support investment in livestock marketing facilities and infrastructure for smallholders.
The Balancing of Safflower Oil and Inositol to Intestinal Morphometric of Sentul Chicken
Authors: Albasheer Modawy Abdelgader , Iriyanti Ning , Ismoyowati Ismoyowati , Rimbawanto Efka Aris
Published: August 2021

This study was aimed to evaluate the use of safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol on the digestive profile of male Sentul chickens. A total of 182 Sentul chickens aged 17 weeks were reared up to 23 weeks in 91 units of battery cage (6 chickens/unit). The research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replicates (6 chickens/replicate). The research treatments were R0 = control/ basal feed + 0% Safflower and 0% Inositol; R1 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil; R2 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil; R3 = Basal feed + 0.5% Inositol; R4 = Basal feed + 1.0% Inositol; R5 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil and 0.5% Inositol; R6 = Basal feed + 0.5% Safflower oil and 1.0% Inositol; R7 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil and 0.5% Inositol; R8 = Basal feed + 1.0% Safflower oil and 1.0% Inositol.  Basal feed was composed of corn, rice bran, soybean kernel, fishmeal, palm oil, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), topmix, lysine, and methionine, as well as safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol. The measured variable consists of digestive profile (the percentage of intestine weight, digesta, proventriculus, gizzard) and intestine length, crypt depth, the width and length of intestinal villi, Intestinal histology profile. The data were subjected to a statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) continued with an Honestly Significant Difference test (HSD). The result showed that incorporating safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol into feed did not significantly affect (P>0.05) the digestive profile of Male Sentul chickens. Conclusively, safflower oil and inositol up to 1% in the feed are safe for male Sentul chickens without interfering with the performance of digestive organs because it produces relatively similar intestinal weight and length, crypt depth, as well as the length and width of intestinal villi.
Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Preface and Table of Contents)
Authors: Fatoni Amin
Published: August 2021

Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Preface and Table of Contents)
Early Detection of Deforestation through Satellite Land Geospatial Images based on CNN Architecture
Authors: Pratiwi Nor Kumalasari Caecar , Fu'adah Yunendah Nur , Edwar Edwar
Published: August 2021

This study has developed a CNN model applied to classify the eight classes of land cover through satellite images. Early detection of deforestation has become one of the study’s objectives. Deforestation is the process of reducing natural forests for logging or converting forest land to non-forest land. The study considered two training models, a simple four hidden layer CNN compare with Alexnet architecture. The training variables such as input size, epoch, batch size, and learning rate were also investigated in this research. The Alexnet architecture produces validation accuracy over 100 epochs of 90.23% with a loss of 0.56. The best performance of the validation process with four hidden layers CNN got 95.2% accuracy and a loss of 0.17. This performance is achieved when the four hidden layer model is designed with an input size of 64 × 64, epoch 100, batch size 32, and learning rate of 0.001. It is expected that this land cover identification system can assist relevant authorities in the early detection of deforestation.
Using the LMDI Method to Analyze the Change in Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Turkish Sectors
Authors: BEKTAŞ Abdulkadir
Published: August 2021

In this study, CO2 emissions of the Turkish economy are decomposed for the 1998–2017 period for four sectors; agriculture, forestry and fishery, manufacturing industries and construction, public electricity and heat production, transport, and residential. The analyses are conducted for five fuel types; liquid, solid, gaseous fuels, biomass, and other fuels. In decomposition analysis, Log Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method is used. The analysis results point out that energy intensity is one of the determining factors behind the change in CO2 emissions, aside from economic activity. The fuel mix component, especially for the manufacturing industries and construction sector, lowers CO2 emissions during the crisis periods when the economic activity declines. Mainly, it is found that changes in total industrial activity and energy intensity are the primary factors determining the changes in CO2 emissions during the study period. Among GDP sectors, manufacturing industries and construction and public electricity and heat production are the two sectors that dominate the change in CO2 emissions. Additionally, the residential and transport sectors’ contributions have gained importance during recent years. Among the manufacturing industries and construction, the non-metallic minerals sector contributes to CO2 emissions, followed by the chemicals sector.
Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries
Authors: Dasarathan Suriyakumar , Ali Mukarram , Jung Tai-Jong , Sung Junghwan , Ha Yoon-Cheol , Park Jun Woo , Kim Doohun
Published: August 2021

Vertically aligned Fe, S, and Fe-S doped anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays are prepared by electrochemical anodization process using an organic electrolyte in which lactic acid is added as an additive. In the electrolyte, nanotube layers of greater length (12 μm) and high order with inner diameter of approx. 90 nm and outer diameter of approx. 170 nm are achieved. Doping of Fe, S, and Fe-S via simple wet impregnation method substituted Ti and O sites with Fe and S, which leads to enhance the rate performance at high discharge current densities. Discharge capacities of TiO2 tubes increased from 82 mAh g-1 (bare) to 165 mAh g-1 for Fe-S doped TiO2 at high current densities of 0.3 mAcm-2 after 100 cycles with exceptional capacity retention of 85% after 100 cycles. Owing to the enhancement of thermodynamic and kinetic properties by doping of Fe-S, Li-diffusion increas2ed resulting in remarkable discharge capacities of 143 mAh g-1 and 89 mAh g-1 at a current density of 7.4 mA cm-2 and 19 mA cm-2, respectively.
Estimation of the Compressive Strength of Corrugated Board Boxes with Shifted Creases on the Flaps
Authors: Mrówczyński Damian , Garbowski Tomasz , Knitter-Piątkowska Anna
Published: August 2021

In the modern world, all manufacturers strive for the optimal design of their products. This general trend is recently also observed in the corrugated board packaging industry. Colorful prints on displays, perforations in shelf-ready-packaging and various types of ventilation holes in trays, although extremely important for ergonomic or functional reasons, weaken the strength of the box. To meet the requirements of customers and recipients, packaging manufacturers outdo each other in new ideas for the construction of their products. Often the aesthetic qualities of the product become more important than the attention to maintaining the standards of the load capacity of the packaging (which, apart from their attention-grabbing functions, are also intended to protect transported products). The particular flaps design (both top and bottom) and their influence on the strength of the box is investigated in this study. The updated analytical-numerical approach is used here to predict the strength of the packaging with various flap’s offsets. Experimental results indicated a significant decrease in the static load-bearing capacity of packaging in the case of shifted flap creases. The simulation model proposed in our previous work has been modified and updated to take into account also this effect. The results obtained by the model presented in the paper are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Characteristics of Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Is It Different from Medical Necrotizing Enterocolitis? A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Cho Ara , Ko Dayoung , Youn JoongKee , Yang Hee-Beom , Kim Hyun-Young
Published: August 2021

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the leading causes of death in newborns, however, little is understood of which patients can be treated medically or require surgery. The purpose of our study is to analyze the associated factors of surgically treated patients compared to patients requiring only medical treatment. Methods: Patients diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis over a period of 14 years in a single children’s hospital were retrospectively enrolled. Demographics and clinical data patients were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 189 patients with NEC were included. Surgically treated patients had a lower gestational age (P = .018), body weight at birth (P = .034), and percentage of exclusive breast milk feeding (P= .001). They had increased comorbidity with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (P = .005), number of days of antibiotic use (P = .014), and length of hospital stay (P = .000). In multivariate logistic analysis, a lower percentage of exclusive breast milk feeding (OR = 0.366, 95% CI: 0.164-0.817) and a longer hospital stay (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.001- 1.019) was associated with surgical NEC. Conclusion: Comparing medical and surgical NEC, a significantly lower percentage of surgical NEC patients were exclusively fed breast milk and their hospital stays were longer.
On the Static Pull-in of Tilting Actuation in Hybrid Levitation Micro-actuator: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Poletkin Kirill V.
Published: August 2021

This work presents the results of the experimental and theoretical study of the static pull-in of tilting actuation executed by a hybrid levitation micro-actuator (HLMA) based on the combination of inductive levitation and electrostatic actuation. A semi-analytical model to study such the pull-in phenomenon is developed, for the first time, as a result of using the qualitative technique based on the Lagrangian approach to analyze inductive contactless suspensions presented in work and a recent progress in the calculation of mutual inductance and force between two circular filaments. The obtained non-linear model, accounting for two degrees of freedom of the actuator, allows us to predict accurately the static pull-in displacement and voltage. The results of modelling were verified experimentally and agree well with measurements.
Visitors’ Attitudes Toward Non-Human Primates in a Free-Roaming Multi-Species Sanctuary (Monkeyland, South Africa)
Authors: Lenzi Christian , Grasso Chiara , Speiran Siobhan
Published: August 2021

The aim of the present study is to investigate themes related to visitors’ perceptions of captive wildlife in particular, attitudes towards non-human primates (henceforth, primates). This research took place in free-roaming, multi-species primate sanctuary, Monkeyland (South Africa), where 400 visitors were interviewed using an anonymous survey both before and after attending a guided tour. The answers were divided into different categories, in order to standardize the motivations behind tourists’ choices. The results of the survey demonstrated that most visitors agree that a primate would not be a good companion animal. Visitors’ desire to touch primates was found to be positively correlated with desire for companion primates and inversely associated with visitor age. In response to: “would you like to touch a monkey?”, the majority of tourists who expressed this desire seemed aware that such interactions are not appropriate, with concern for animal welfare and human health. Of the various primate species present in the sanctuary, visitors preferred the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) and, generally speaking, expressed appreciation for primates’ “cuteness”. Our results indicate a general awareness by the visitors on the importance of animal welfare in the human interactions with captive wildlife, in agreement with the “hands-off” policy of Monkeyland primate sanctuary. We discuss the findings from a general to zooanthropological point of view, proposing some reflections on the attitudes of visitors toward non-human primates.
Molecular Pathogenesis and Immune Evasion of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Inferred from Genes Expression Changes in Infected Porcine Macrophages
Authors: Velazquez-Salinas Lauro , Canter Jessica A. , Zhu James J. , Rodriguez Luis L.
Published: August 2021

Molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in livestock remain poorly understood. Several studies have highlighted the relevant role of macrophages in controlling the systemic dissemination of VSV during infection in different animal models, including mice, cattle and pigs. To gain more insight on the molecular mechanisms used by VSV to impair the immune response in macrophages, we used microarrays to determine the transcriptomic changes produced by VSV infection in primary cultures of porcine macrophages. The results indicated that VSV infection induced the massive expression of multiple anorexic, pyrogenic, proinflammatory and immunosuppressive genes. Overall, the interferon (IFN) response appeared suppressed, leading to the absence of stimulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISG). Interestingly, VSV infection promoted the expression of several genes known to downregulate the expression of IFNb. This represents an alternate mechanism for VSV control of the IFN response, beyond the recognized mechanisms mediated by the matrix protein. Although there was no significant differential gene expression in macrophages infected with a highly virulent epidemic strain compared to a less virulent endemic strain, the endemic strain consistently induced higher expression of all upregulated cytokines and chemokines. Collectively, this study provides novel insights into VSV molecular pathogenesis and immune evasion that warrants further investigation
Assessing Low-Cost Terrestrial Laser Scanners for Deriving Forest Structure Parameters
Authors: Stovall Atticus E. L. , Atkins Jeff W
Published: August 2021

The increasingly affordable price point of terrestrial laser scanners has led to a democratization of instrument availability, but the most common low-cost instruments have yet to be compared in terms of the consistency to measure forest structural attributes. Here, we compared two low-cost terrestrial laser scanners (TLS): the Leica BLK360 and the Faro Focus 120 3D. We evaluate the instruments in terms of point cloud quality, forest inventory estimates, tree-model reconstruction, and foliage profile reconstruction. Our direct comparison of the point clouds showed reduced noise in filtered Leica data. Tree diameter and height were consistent across instruments (4.4% and 1.4% error, respectively). Volumetric tree models were less consistent across instruments, with ~29% bias, depending on model reconstruction quality. In the process of comparing foliage profiles, we conducted a sensitivity analysis of factors affecting foliage profile estimates, showing a minimal effect from instrument maximum range (for forests less than ~50 m in height) and surprisingly little impact from degraded scan resolution. Filtered unstructured TLS point clouds must be artificially re-gridded to provide accurate foliage profiles. The factors evaluated in this comparison point towards necessary considerations for future low-cost laser scanner development and application in detecting forest structural parameters.
Deep ensembles based on Stochastic Activations for Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Lumini Alessandra , Nanni Loris , Maguolo Gianluca
Published: August 2021

Semantic segmentation is a very popular topic in modern computer vision and it has applications to many fields. Researchers proposed a variety of architectures over time, but the most common ones exploit an encoder-decoder structure that aims to capture the semantics of the image and it low level features. The encoder uses convolutional layers, in general with a stride larger than one, to extract the features, while the decoder recreates the image by upsampling an using skip connections with the first layers. In this work, we use DeepLab as architecture to test the effectiveness of creating an ensemble of networks by randomly changing the activation functions inside the network multiple times. We also use different backbone networks in our DeepLab to validate our findings. We manage to reach a dice coefficient of 0.888, and a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 0.825, in the competitive Kvasir-SEG dataset. Results in skin detection also confirm the performance of the proposed ensemble, which is ranked first with respect to other state-of-the-art approaches (including HardNet) in a large set of testing datasets. The developed code will be available at https://github.com/LorisNanni.
Modelling Spatiotemporal Patterns of Lyme Disease Emergence in Québec
Authors: Tutt-Gurétte Marc-Antoine , Yuan Mengru , Szarosz Daniel , McKinnon Britt , Kestens Yan , Guillot Camille , Leighton Patrick A , Zinszer Kate
Published: August 2021

Lyme disease is a growing public health problem in Québec. Its emergence over the last decade is caused by environmental and anthropological factors that favour the survival of Ixodes scapularis, the vector of Lyme disease transmission. The objective of this study was to estimate the speed and direction of Lyme disease emergence in Québec and to identify spatiotemporal risk patterns. A surface trend analysis was conducted to estimate the speed and direction of its emergence based upon the first detected case of Lyme disease in each municipality in Québec since 2004. A cluster analysis was also conducted to identify at-risk regions across space and time. These analyses were reproduced for the date of disease onset and date of notification for each case of Lyme disease. It was estimated that Lyme disease is spreading northward in Québec at a speed varying between 18 and 32 km/year according to the date of notification and the date of disease onset, respectively. A high rate of disease risk was found in seven clusters identified in the south-west of Québec in the sociosanitary regions of Montérégie and Estrie. The results obtained in this study improve our understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns of Lyme disease in Québec, which can be used for proactive, targeted interventions by public and clinical health authorities.
Mechanistic Insight into the Attenuation of Initial Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures in Young Rats by a Non-Convulsive MSO Dose
Authors: Pawlik Marek J. , Aldana Blanca I. , Belfiori-Carrasco Lautaro F. , Obara-Michlewska Marta , Popek Mariusz P. , Czarnecka Anna Maria , Albrecht Jan
Published: August 2021

Pretreatment with non-convulsive dose of methionine sulfoximine (MSO) attenuated lithi-um-pilocarpine-induced (Li-Pilo) seizures in young rats [1]. We hypothesized that the effect of MSO results from a) glutamine synthetase block-mediated inhibition of conversion of Glu/Gln precursors to neurotransmitter Glu, and/or from b) altered synaptic Glu release. Pilo was admin-istered 60 min prior to sacrifice, MSO at 75 mg/kg, i.p., 2.5 h earlier. [1,2-13C]acetate and [U-13C]glucose were i.p.-injected either together with Pilo (onset) or 15 min before sacrifice (final phase). Their conversion to Glu and Gln in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex was followed us-ing [13C] gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Release of in vitro loaded [3H]D-Asp from ex vi-vo brain slices was measured in continuously collected superfusates. Protein and mRNA expres-sion were measured by Western Blot and real-time PCR techniques, respectively. At no time point nor brain region did MSO modify incorporation of [13C] to Glu or Gln in Pilo-treated rats. MSO pretreatment decreased by ~37% high potassium-induced [3H]D-Asp release and reduced by ~50% the synaptic vesicular Glu transporter VGLUT1 protein, but not mRNA content in the hippo-campus. The results indicate that MSO at non-convulsive dose mitigates the initial Pilo-induced seizures by interfering with synaptic Glu-release but not with neurotransmitter Glu recycling.