bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Construction Challenges-Extradosed Bridge over River Hatania Doania in West Bengal
Authors: Singla Deepak , Kumar Akhilesh
Published: February 2024

Bridge across river Hatania-Doania is a priority project which now connects the island of Bhakkali with the main land Namkhana in South 24 Parganas, in the state of West Bengal at about 100km south of Kolkata. Though Bakkhali and its neighbourhood being a popular tourist attraction, tourists used to avoid the area because of the delay that is caused in crossing the river. To reach Bakkhali, the tourists had to cross Hatania-Doania river by motorboats while vehicles were ferried by the barges. Under emergency, during late night hours, crossing the river was a nightmare. The navigable river serves as a shorter route channel for inland waterway traffic, hence requires a vertical clearance of 10m in 100m central width. Large size barges ply on the route. The project is meant for three lane of traffic and have a main module of 85m+170m+85m extra-dosed bridge deck across main river followed by viaduct portion on either side of the bridge. Bridge Deck is monolithically connected at intermediate pylon location and resting on POT-cum-PTFE bearings at end spans. Deck is laterally supported by 2 plane of stay cables arranged in a semi-fan fashion. The spans are resting on twin-D well foundation at pylon locations.
Flexural Behaviour of Carbon Textile Reinforced Concrete (CTRC) Panel
Authors: Immanuel Sophia , Baskar K.
Published: February 2024

Textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) is novel high performance composite material blooming in the 21st century globally. It can be used as not only strengthening material but as a structural load bearing component. This paper aims to investigate the flexural behaviour of carbon textile- reinforced concrete (CTRC) panel through four-point bending test. Optimising the mix using particle packaging for the TRC with grade of mix as M50 using binders were used for the study. Flexural strength and toughness were observed to improve with the increase of the number of textile layers. The textiles were manually prestressed the first-crack flexural stress and pre- cracking flexural stiffness of the CTRC. The results highlight that the behaviour of carbon textile reinforcement under pure flexure performs well with flexural cracks forming only at the pure bending zone. The flexural behaviour of only 4-layer textiles were limited to this study considering the over reinforced design criteria. Further, the performance can be enhanced while optimising the no of layers of textiles(i.e.) the minimum textile reinforcement percentage required in further research.
Studying the effect of vertical irregularities on the seismic vulnerability of setback buildings using Linear and Non-Linear methods
Authors: Sarfaraz Aamna , Mishra Pankaj
Published: February 2024

In the present study, the behaviour of setback buildings under seismic excitation is analysed using Finite element (FE) method using SAP2000. A model of G+9 storey RC building was considered with setbacks at different floor levels to introduce the vertical irregularities. Three different configurations of the building models, with varying setbacks, are analysed using different methods – 1) Response Spectrum Method (linear dynamic) as per IS 1893:2016 (Part-I), 2) Push over Analysis (non-linear static) using FEMA 356 and 3) Time History Analysis (non-linear dynamic). The response such as base shear, storey displacement, Angle of incidence, Time period, Column and beam moments are analysed in both X and Y directions and compared with the regular model. Effect of irregularities caused due to variation in plan and setbacks, on the response have been discussed, which governs the seismic vulnerability of setback RC buildings.
Is Nonlinear Analysis Becoming a Standard Tool for Design and Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Structures?
Authors: Červenka Jan , Rymeš Jiří , Jendele Libor , Pukl Radomír
Published: February 2024

The nonlinear finite element method has become a standard tool serving engineers during the designing of reinforced concrete bridges. Compared to a linear solution, the main advantage is that it can provide a better insight into the realistic material response including crack formation and subsequent redistribution of internal forces. In this paper, the key aspects related to the application in engineering practice are summarised, including the theory behind the nonlinear material model and the explanation of the solution method. Based on validation against experimental data, the accuracy of a given nonlinear tool can be quantified and translated into a model partial safety factor. This factor then serves as a parameter in the evaluation of the design structural resistance. Finally, we show an example of an assessment of a post-tensioned reinforced concrete bridge, where strengthening provisions were adopted to reinforce a critical region with crack formation.
Innovative Solution to Urban Infrastructure: Special Solution to Conventional Structure Planning
Authors: Roy B. C. , Bhattacharyya S.
Published: February 2024

Most ancient cities are unplanned, with most businesses in the central core and people from suburbs working there. CBD traffic loads are growing rapidly, straining commute facilities. Urban road infrastructure and unrestrained expansion severely impede mobility. Today, construction project duration and environmental impact matter most. Innovation involves applying solutions that meet new requirements through an engineering process that may not be fully new but adapts the approach to the local constraint and is more evolutionary than revolutionary. Innovative solutions must be optimal in design, cost-effective, and improved in constructability with prototype testing often being used to validate the design, constructability, loopholes to fix, and construction timeframe to adopt. This paper describes some of the creative construction approaches utilised to improve urban built environments, safety, and construction time.
A roadmap for implementing integrated asset management for sustainable water Infrastructure in India
Authors: Tikam Harshal , Shukla Abhiram
Published: February 2024

Water is a crucial resource for the economic and social development, and its depletion poses significant challenges. A major portion of India is facing high levels of water stress and rapid depletion of groundwater reserves, impacts millions of people. This paper proposes a roadmap for sustainable water resource management in India through an integrated approach, considering water supply and wastewater systems, and highlighting the significant role of civil engineers in balancing cost, risk, and performance. The framework provides guidance for planning, functions, and interactions with flexibility for varied conditions. The study emphasizes need for a wholesome approach to water resources management and highlights the variables that influence the effectiveness. The proposed framework can aid water resource managers and policymakers to make informed sustainable decisions, contributing to improved practices in India.
A katasztrófahelyzetek pszichológiai vonatkozásai
Authors: Urbán Nóra
Published: February 2024

Minden évben egyének és közösségek szenvednek el katasztrófákat a világ különböző tájain, amelyek hatással vannak a mentális egészségükre, jóllétükre, a mindennapi életvezetésre. Legyen az természeti (pl. áradások, hurrikánok, földrengések) vagy humán eredetű (pl. tömeges erőszak, katonai konfliktusok, terrorizmus), katasztrófa, egyaránt kihat mind a közvetlenül, mind a közvetve érintettek pszichés állapotára. Egy katasztrófát követően számos pszichiátriai betegség, zavar alakulhat ki, így alkoholabúzus, poszttraumásstressz-zavar (PTSD), obszesszív-kompulzív zavar, generalizált szorongás, major depresszió. A veszteségek, a megpróbáltatások és más pszichoszociális stresszorok okozta szenvedés és distressz átélése mellett az egyén családi, szociális és munkahelyi funkcionálása is károsodik. A katasztrófa rövid és hosszú távú hatásainak megelőzése érdekében konszenzus született egy strukturált, sztenderd és univerzális komponenseket egyaránt tartalmazó ellátási modell kialakításáról. A traumát követő leghatékonyabb azonnali beavatkozások meghatározásához azonban számos tényezőt kell figyelembe venni, így az elérhető források, eszközök nyújtotta lehetőségeket, az esemény jellegzetességeit, az intervenciós stratégiák célját és az időzítést. A pszichológiai elsősegély – mint az azonnali beavatkozások egyik ilyen modellje – bizonyítékokkal alátámasztott megközelítés, amely segít a katasztrófák, a terrortámadások gyermekekre, serdülőkre, felnőttekre és családokra gyakorolt közvetlen negatív hatásainak kezelésében. Ennek modelljét a National Child Traumatic Stress Network és a National Center for PTSD katasztrófakutatásban és- elhárításban részt vevő munkatársai dolgozták ki. A beavatkozás célja csökkenteni a traumatikus esemény okozta kezdeti distresszt és támogatni a rövid- és hosszú távú adaptív funkcionálást, megküzdést.
The impact of loanwords on the English–Japanese version of vocabulary size test
Authors: Aizawa Ayako
Published: February 2024

The Vocabulary Size Test (VST) measures English learners’ decontextualised receptive vocabulary knowledge of written English and has nine bilingual versions with multiple-choice options written in other languages. This study used the English–Japanese version of the VST to investigate the extent to which loanword items were answered correctly by Japanese first language (L1) university students compared to non-loanword items, and whether it was easier to answer these loanword items when the correct answer option was written in loanwords rather than Japanese-words. Paired t-tests showed a significant difference in correct response rates between the loanword and non-loanword items, and the loanword options and Japanese-word options, with a large effect size. The results suggest the relative ease of learning English loanwords compared to non-loanwords for L1 Japanese users, and the need to consider the use of loanwords in vocabulary tests to measure test-takers’ vocabulary size more accurately.
INHIBISI ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE OLEH SENYAWA FLAVONOID DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) IN SILICO DAN IN VITRO
Authors: Alimah Shobiroh Nuur , Puspita Puspa Julistia , Ambarsari Laksmi , Wahyuni Riksa Nur
Published: February 2024

Moringa leaves flavonoid have potential to inhibit α-glucosidase but they have low bioavailability, so they aremade in nanoparticles. It is also not known which specific flavonoid compounds from Moringa leaves have thepotential to inhibit α-glucosidase. This research aimed to determine the inhibition potential of α-glucosidase bythe moringa leaves flavonoid in silico through molecular docking and determine the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase by moringa leaves flavonoid in extracts and nanoparticles in vitro. Moringa leaves flavonoid havepotential to be a competitive inhibiton of α-glucosidase with the highest to lowest inhibitory potential arecryptochlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-a-ramnoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, epicathechins, catechins, quercetin, kaempferol, glucomoringinisothiocyanate. Cryptochlorogenic acid has the best potential with ΔG and Ki values -8.5 kcal/mol and 0.5788μM. Inhibition α-glucosidase moringa leaves flavonoid in extract and nanoparticles respectively are classified asinactive (IC 50 = 5.84x10 3 ppm) and active (IC 50 = 1.59x10 1 ppm) in vitro, so nanoparticles can increase theinhibitory activity.
Diffuse B-cell lymphoma in the male breast: A rare case report
Authors: Belluco Rosana Zabulon Feijó , Gomes Carolina Gaze Gonçalves Fontenele , Marinho Camila Pires , Lima Danielle Teles de , Vasconcelos Flávio Lúcio , Belluco Júllia Eduarda Feijó , Belluco Paulo Eduardo Silva , Reis Carmelia Matos Santiago
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers derived from the immune system, characterized by increased proliferation of lymph nodes or secondary lymphatic tissue. Breast involvement by lymphoma is uncommon, representing only 0.1% of malignant breast lesions. Clinical similarities with breast cancer make preoperative diagnosis of breast lymphoma difficult. Histologically, most primary breast lymphomas (PML) are of the B-cell type. The treatment of PML is based on the recommendations for the treatment of lymphomas of other locations according to the histological type, staging, and characteristics of the patient. Case Report: A male, 83 years old, with no family history of breast cancer, with Alzheimer’s disease. He presented at the mastology outpatient clinic referring to a tumor in the right breast, with progressive growth. He reported having performed several treatments, including antibiotics, without improvement, in a breast lesion. He denied fever, night sweats, and weight loss. On physical examination, he had multiple nodular, hardened, and erythematous lesions in almost the entire right breast, some with an ulceration area, located in the medial quadrants, measuring about 15×11 cm. Palpable axillary lymph nodes measuring 1.5 cm. A mammography showed a regular, isodense nodule measuring 5.0 cm in the central region of the right breast — BI-RADS 4. He underwent a core biopsy, with histopathology compatible with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the right breast and immunohistochemistry with CD20 expression, MUM1, MYC, and 90% audience rating (Ki67). PET-CT showed a large cutaneous and subcutaneous mass in the right breast measuring 15.8×4.8×9.2 cm, bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy and sparse areas of skin thickening. He was referred to the oncology service, which started chemotherapy using the R-MINI-CHOP protocol (Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone). Currently, it has shown a good response to chemotherapy treatment, with remission of the lesions.
Gastrointestinal Tract Malrotation: Etiology and Risk Factors
Authors: Nabiilah Annisa Yumna , Vania Dewa Ayu , Wibisana I Komang Gede Andhika , Shafa Rizqina Alya , Atari Sicilia Putri , Haikal Zikrul
Published: February 2024

Malrotation is a congenital abnormal position of the intestine within the peritoneal cavity and usually involves the small intestine and large intestine. Intestinal malrotation occurs at a rate of 1 in 500 live births. Male predominance was present in neonates with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Up to 40% of patients with malrotation present within the first week of life, 50% up to one month of age and 75% by one year of age. Purpose: To determine the etiology and risk factors for gastrointestinal tract malrotation. Conclusion: Malrotation is a congenital abnormal position of the intestine within the peritoneal cavity and usually involves the small intestine and large intestine. Gastrointestinal (GI) malrotation, sometimes referred to as incomplete rotation or non- rotation of the bowel, is any deviation from the physiological rotation and/or fixation of the GI tract during embryonic development. During the development of the GI tract, the 3 parts of the tract, namely the foregut, middle, and hindgut, usually protrude from the abdominal cavity and undergo a counterclockwise rotation of 270 degrees. Basically, rotational and fixation anomalies are caused by failure of various embryological stages. Clinical manifestations are divided into 4, namely Midgu Volvulus, Intestinal Obstruction, Gasroschisis, and Omphalocele. The main management of intestinal malrotation is a surgical procedure. Other therapies are given to stabilize the patient and are supportive.
Systematic Review: The Effect of Fe Supplementation on Increasing Haemoglobin Levels in Female Adolescent
Authors: Negara Baiq Ramdhani Amelia
Published: February 2024

Anemia is related to nutritional problems, where hemoglobin levels in the blood are lower than normal. One age group that is risk to anemia is female adolescent because this age is a growth period that requires higher levels of nutrients, including iron. Prevention and treatment of anemia which is by providing iron supplementation. Giving iron supplementation on female adolescent with the right and effective dose can increase iron level in the body if it consumed regularly. To find out more about the effect of iron supplementation on hemoglobin levels in female adolescent. This study used systematic review and the sources were obtained from the database PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Research Gate. This systematic review shows a relationship between Fe supplementation and hemoglobin levels. Referring to the results of various studies that have been carried out, it shows that there is a significant effect of Fe supplementation on increasing hemoglobin levels in young women.
Fish Oil Substitution in Fish Feed Using Vegetable Oils, Terrestrial Animal Fats and Indonesian Local Raw Material Candidates (A Review)
Authors: Rahmadani Thoy Batun Citra , Diamahesa Wastu Ayu
Published: February 2024

Aquaculture is one of the world's most rapidly expanding producers of protein-rich diets. This is in accordance with the rising demand for feed to sustain these activities. However, the use of natural materials for fish feed, particularly fish oil, creates a paradox because it is derived from fish, therefore it is against the principles of sustainable agriculture. This article examines vegetable oils with a superior nutritional profile, palatability, digestibility, anti-nutritional factors, availability, and cost in comparison to fish oil. The ten-year-old articles selected and compiled originate from national (SHINTA) and international (Elsevier and Proquest) websites. Finding alternatives to fish oil as a source of lipids in fish diets is the result of several decades of research. Vegetable and animal sources are two main types of fish oil substitutes. Up to one hundred percent of fish oil can be substituted with vegetable oils like palm oil, canola oil, soybean oil, and olive oil. Similarly, animal sources can provide up to 75% of the lipids necessary for fish diets. Moreover, rubber seed oil has the potential to supplant fish oil in Indonesia due to its high omega-3 fatty acid content, which is comparable to that of fish oil. The conclusion of this review is that there are multiple sources of lipids that can be used to replace fish oil, and that more consideration must be given to the type of lipid source used in accordance with the type of fish being cultivated and the location of the fish cultivation.
Diversity of Seagrass Species in The Conservation Area of The Sawu Sea Marine National Park (TNP)
Authors: Silaban Lambok Laurence , Fakhrurrozi Fakhrurrozi , Juraij Juraij , Fauzi M Rizki , Larasati Chandrika Eka , Rahman Ibadur
Published: February 2024

The Sawu Sea is an important habitat for dolphins, dugongs, manta rays and turtles. Sabu Island is one of the locations included in the Sawu Marine National Park area with considerable seagrass potential. The purpose of this study was to determine the health condition and community structure of seagrass on Sabu Island. This study used line transect, square transect, and random transect methods. The results of observations found 8 species, the most common types of seagrass were Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, and Syringodium isoetifolium. A type of seagrass that is rarely found is Cymodocea serrulate which is only found in Loborai. The highest species density at Bodae station is Halodule unservices, and the lowest at Bodae station is Enhalus acoroides. The diversity index of seagrass species at the three stations is included in the low species diversity category. Seagrass species uniformity index is included in the medium community category. The dominance index of seagrass species at 3 stations is in the low dominance category. The highest coverage was Halodule uninervis with a value of 42.74% and the lowest was Enhalus acoroides with a value of 0.69%. The extent of seagrass cover at each of the Bodae, Laborai, and Keliha locations is 69.09%, 62%, and 66%, respectively. The highest Importance Value Index was found in Halodule uniservis, namely 138.00%, 30.55%, 96.80%, and the lowest was in Cymodocea serrulate. Overall the health condition of the seagrass beds at the observation location is included in the healthy category.
The Potential of Hot Water Mudiak Sapan Thermophilic Bactery Consortium Formulation in Producing Xylanase Enzyme
Authors: Irdawati  , Matondang Indrawani , Advinda Linda , Anhar Azwir , Y Yusrizal
Published: February 2024

The xylanase enzyme has high commercial value in the industrial sector, including the food industry, animal feed, bleaching of pulp/pulp, lignocellulosic bioconversion as fuel, and in the food industry, namely the cheese, bread and meat industries, while in the non-food industry this can be used in detergents. Xylanase enzymes can be produced from microorganisms, one of which is thermophilic bacteria. Thermophilic bacteria are known to be able to produce thermostable enzymes and proteins that are heat resistant. Xylanase production in compatible bacterial consortia was higher than monoculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the bicultur consortium that has the potential to produce xylanase enzymes. This research is an experimental research. Enzyme activity testing used the Miller method with DNS (Dinitrosalycilic acid) reagent using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 repetitions. Data on the results of xylanase activity were analyzed by ANOVA test and DMRT follow-up test with a 5% significance level.The results of the thermophilic bacterial isolates in the consortium that have the potential to produce xylanase enzymes are MS18 & MSS15,  MSS15, MS16 and MS18 & MS16.
Interest Analysis Epilachna sp. of Plant Types of Eggplant Leaves (Solanum melongena), Rimbang Leaves (Lycopersicum torvum), and Chili Leaves (Capsicum sp.)
Authors: Iskandaria Weyni
Published: February 2024

The abundance, survival and reproduction of herbivorous insects are strongly influenced by changes caused by plant traits. One example is Epilachna sp.. An animal's likes or preferences can change with experience. If the availability of a particular food in the environment is low, then that type of food will be less available as food, but if the availability is higher or more abundant than usual, then that type of food will be consumed more (often). So, the main aim of this research is to find out what food preferences are most frequently attacked and eaten by Epilachna sp. and also the reasons and contents. The research method is qualitative research, meaning that the observations made by the researcher were obtained from various article references and direct observation. The feed given is eggplant leaves, rimbang leaves and chili leaves. The food that occupies the highest level is Epilachna sp. namely eggplant leaves, this is because there are nitrogen and alkaloids. The second rank which is not far from the first rank is Rimbang Leaf. Meanwhile, chili leaves occupy the lowest level or are not liked by Epilachna sp.
Visiting of Carpenter Bees Xylocopa latipes Drury to The Bean Crop in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Masrianih Masrianih , Budiarsa I Made , Dhafir Fatmah , Trianto Manap
Published: February 2024

Xylocopa latipes Drury are one species of bee found in the Hymenoptera order, in the family Anthophoridae. Carpenter bees, which are essential for plant pollination, build their nests in decaying wood and bark. Carpenter bees visit the bean crop to collect pollen and nectar for their hives. This study aims to determine the visit of the wood bee X. latipes on long bean plants in Central Sulawesi. The study employed a descriptive survey methodology that involved field sampling at bean planting and direct observation of X. latipes in the field. measured the temperature and the light intensity. The findings revealed that X. latipes visits to the bean crop at Desa Nambaru, Kecamatan Parigi Selatan, Kabupaten Parigi Moutong average 58,3 people each visit. The morning at 08.30 am averages 21 X. latipes visits; the afternoon at 15.30 pm averages 9 Xylocopa latipe visits; and the afternoon at 11.30 am averages 2 Xylocopa latipe visits. The amount of light present during X. latipes visit to the bean crop has a significant impact. Weather variables like temperature, humidity, and wind speed had an impact on the multivariate regression's very real relationship to X. latipes visit to bean planting.
Characteristics Of Attacus atlas Cocon Collected from Tree of Mahoghony (Swietenia mahagoni) in Kembaran District
Authors: Putri Nofa Yulistiana , Wuliandari Juli Rochmijati
Published: February 2024

Attacus atlas is a wild silk type from the non-mulberry group, representing various fagara silkworms that produce cocoons. The produced cocoons have high economic value when utilized for commercial silk production. The distinctive characteristic of A. atlas silk fibers differs from Bombyx mori (mulberry) silk as the resulting fibers have a natural brown color without dyeing processes. The characteristics of cocoons significantly impact the resulting thread production. This study aims to obtain data on the characteristics and morphometrics of A. atlas cocoons located on mahogany trees providing road shade in Kembaran District. Observed characteristics include the weight of the intact cocoon skin, the weight of cocoon skin without floss, the weight of floss, cocoon diameter, cocoon circumference, cocoon length, and cocoon color. The collected data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The research shows that A.atlas cocoon skin characteristics vary greatly, demonstrated by the weight of the intact Cocoon Skin (0.66-2.35 g), the weight of Cocoon Skin without Floss (0.46-1.93 g), the weight of Floss (0.1-0.54 g), Cocoon Length (5.2-8.1 cm), Anterior Diameter (2.10-3.0 cm), Medial Diameter (2.30-3.4 cm), Posterior Diameter (2.20-3.1 cm), Anterior Circumference (6.20-9.50 cm), Medial Circumference (7.70-10.50 cm), Posterior Circumference (6.10-9.10 cm), and cocoon color classification into light (17 cocoons/15.9%), medium (66 cocoons/61.7%), and dark (24 cocoons/22.4%). The temperature, cocooning location, and gender of the cocoon are unknown, resulting in weight and morphometric value variations.
Identification of Escherichia coli Sub Type Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) from Food Samples Using Pcr (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Technique
Authors: Anggryani Deby , Kurniawan Edy , Sukmana Dhika Juliana , Ustiawaty Jumari
Published: February 2024

Escherichia coli is a normal flora of the digestive tract of humans and animals and is important in the digestion of food. This bacteria lives in feces, can cause health problems, such as diarrhea and vomiting. This research was conducted for consideration in the prevention of diarrhea, processing, marketing of food. This study aims to determine the presence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli sub-type (ETEC) from food samples. This research is an explorative descriptive study, as many as 5 samples from food, food samples taken are food consumed every day and some include traditional food in Mataram City. The samples were cultured on BHI-Broth media, followed by inoculation on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) medium and continued with the Gram stain test. Colonies that are metallic green in colour and show the characteristics of Escherichia coli bacteria on Gram staining are then carried out for purification of the bacteria on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium, if the classification of bacteria shows the characteristics of Escherichia coli bacteria on Gram staining then proceed with the Indole/sugar-test. The results showed that of the 5 food samples isolated, only 1 sample showed positive E.coli bacteria. Then proceed to the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) stage using the qualitative PCR method to determine the presence of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli sub-type (ETEC) bacteria in food samples. , with a target gene of 237 bp.
Utilization of Medicinal Plants by Malay and Javanese Tribes in Bukit Peranginan Village, Mandiangin District, Sarolangun Regency
Authors: Muntasaro Titi , Susanti Try , Suraida Suraida , Manurung Aini Qomariah
Published: February 2024

This research study how the Malay and Javanese tribes in Bukit Peranginan Village, Mandiangin District, and Sarolangun Regency use medicinal plants. The purpose to identify the various types of medicinal plants, how to use them, and their cultural significance. This study used a qualitative descriptive methodology, and the value of the Cultural of Significance Index (ICS) was derived for the quantitative data analysis. The results showed that there were 25 families and 37 plant species overall, with Zingiberaceae being the largest family. For the Malays and the Javanese, up to 8 species of plants and 21 different types of plants, respectively, have leaves that are frequently used as medicine. Boiling up to 21 different plant species is the primary method of using plants as medication. The importance of preserving the cultural properties of plants used by the Malay and Javanese tribes in Bukit Peranginan Village as traditional medicines, particularly Curcuma longa L, which has values of 171 and is used as a treatment for ulcers, cholesterol, colds, vaginal discharge, diabetes, wound medicine, abdominal pain, and postpartum pain.
Efficacy Of Wood Vinegar Produced from Sengon and Jabon Wood Against on Schizophyllum commune
Authors: Kuswadi  , Alkhadi  , Oramahi H. A. , Rifanjani Slamet
Published: February 2024

Wood dust waste can be used to make liquid smoke such as sengon wood and jabon wood. The aim of the research was to evaluate the antifungal properties of sengon and jabon wood liquid smoke in inhibiting the growth of the S. commune fungus in vitro. The process of making liquid smoke through the pyrolysis method. The research experiment was carried out using a factorial type randomized block design. The results showed that the type of liquid smoke and its concentration had a very significant effect on inhibiting the growth of the S. commune fungus. Fluid smoke from sengon and jabon wood actually restrained the development of S. commune by 100% at a concentration 2%. The conclusion is that the contents of liquid smoke from these two types of liquid smoke, namely total phenol and total acid, are compounds that function as antifungal agents.
Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Scavenging Activity of Ashitaba Herb (Angelica keiskei) Methanol Extract
Authors: Muliasari Handa , Hanifa Nisa Isneni , Hajrin Wahida , Andanalusia Mahacita , Hidayati Agriana Rosmalina
Published: February 2024

Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) is one of the plants cultivated in the Sembalun region, Lombok, NTB, which has the potential to be developed as a source of antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of ashitaba herb by measuring the inhibition against DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Ashitaba herb samples were collected in Jorong Hamlet, Sembalun Bumbung Village, Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency at coordinates 8°23'5.273" LAT - l16°32'12.016" EAST. The sample was then processed into simplisia with a simplisia yield of 14.75%. The simplisia was dechlorinated with n-hexane solvent and then extracted with 80% methanol solvent using the sonic method, giving a methanol extract of ashitaba herb yielding 20.30%. DPPH radical inhibitory activity was measured at a maximum wavelength of 516 nm and an operating time (OT) of 30 minutes. The methanol extract of ashitaba herb has an IC50 value of 129.40 ± 7.36 ppm, which shows moderate antioxidant activity, with a standard compound comparison of ascorbic acid with an IC50 value of 2.37 ± 0.06 ppm, which is classified as very potent.
The Effect of Vermicomposting and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L)
Authors: Marianti Reni , Raksun Ahmad , Merta I Wayan
Published: February 2024

One source of nutrients that influences how a plant grows and produces is fertilizer. fertilization that is possible with both inorganic and organic fertilizers. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the development of bok choy is impacted by vermicompost, NPK fertilizer, and their combination. Design using RAL two components with five fertilization levels each, repeated three times, such that the experimental unit employed up to 75 plants. The first factor is the dose of vermicompost organic fertilizer consisting of K 0 = 0  gr (control), K1  = 50 gr, K2 = 100 gr, K3 = 150 gr and K4 = 200 gr. The second factor is the dose of NPK fertilizer (16:16:16) consisting of N 0 = 0 gr (control), N 1 = 0.3 gr, N2 = 0.6 gr, N3 = 0.9 gr and N4  = 1.2 gr. The ANOVA test was used to evaluate the data. The findings revealed that the vermicompost treatment had no appreciable impact on the plant's height, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, or dry weight characteristics. The use of NPK fertilizer has a sizable influence on plant properties such as height, leaf count, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight. Vermicompost and NPK fertilizer together have a considerable influence on the metrics of plant height, leaf count, wet weight, and dry weight.
Effects of Arabika Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Pulp Extracts on Anopheles sp. Larva Mortality
Authors: Fitri Husna , Nurul Akhlas Rizma , Mahdiana Liana Fairuzannah , Maliza Rita
Published: February 2024

Malaria is one of the main public health problems in Indonesia. Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae is vector of malaria that must be treated before it develops into a mosquito. Control of larvae by using larvicides containing hazardous chemicals causes side effects on the environment and resistance. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving the Arabika Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) pulp extracts on the mortality of Anopheles sp. larvae. Arabika coffee pulp extracts was fractionated with polar, semi-polar and non-polar. This study used ten larvae of Anopheles sp. Observations of larval mortality were carried 24 hours with five concentration series (0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm). The results of the mortality test showed that non-polar fraction of Arabika coffee pulp extracts had the highest larvicidal activity with values of LC50 and LC90, 278 ppm and 22950 ppm. In semi-polar and polar fractions, the LC50 and LC90, 1718 and 92683 ppm, 34085 and 40862 ppm were obtained. The results of compound analysis obtained 16 active compounds from non-polar extract of arabika coffee pulp with the five highest compounds, namely Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic 15-Octadecenoic acid, Octadecanoic acid and 3-Furanacetic acid. Non-polar fraction of arabika coffee pulp extracts had larvicidal activity against Anopheles sp.
Isolation and Identification of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria in An-aerobic Palm Oil Waste Pools at PT. Aek Loba Plantation
Authors: Sipahutar Lara Santi Hemat , Rasyidah  , Mayasari Ulfayani
Published: February 2024

Biosurfactant-producing bacteria are bacteria that have alternative energy sources, namely surfactants which contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups based on their molecular structure so that they can survive between different polar and hydrogen bonding fluids. Palm oil mill liquid waste is waste in the form of water or liquid, oil and organic solids produced from the processing of palm oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the genera of biosurfactant-producing bacteria found in palm oil wastewater in the an-aerobic pond of PT. Aek Loba plantation and to find out the bacterial species with the highest emulsification index. This study used descriptive methods and identification of bacteria through morphological characterization, gram staining tests and biochemical tests. Bacteria were isolated from palm oil wastewater by dilution method 10-4, 10-5 and 10-6. Bacterial emulsification index is calculated by emulsification test. In this study, 8 biosurfactant-producing bacterial isolates were found, consisting of 2 Proteus genus isolates, 2 Enterobacter genus isolates, 2 Bacillus genus bacterial isolates and 2 Pluralibacter genus isolates. The bacteria that had the highest emulsification index was Pluralibacter gergoviae with an emulsion index of 43% which was identified by molecular testing.
Total Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels after Giving Olive Oil and Fig Fruid Extract Against Rattus Novergicus With High-Fat Diet
Authors: Sulastri Evi , Syamsu Rachmat Faisal , Karim Marzelina , Royani Ida , Karim Abdul Mubdi Ardiansar Arifuddin
Published: February 2024

The reserach entiled “Changes in total chol; esterol levels and trigelyceride levels after administration of olive oil and fig leaf extract “was conducted from July to September 2024. This study aims to determine changes in total chplesterol levels and triglyceride levels when given olive oil and fig friut extract to white mice on a high-fat diet. Based on the results of stufy, constant result was obtained for total cholesterol in all treatment groups, namely 86.5 mg/dL and significant results were obtained in reducing triglycerides in the olive oil treatment group and the combination of olive oil and fig fruit extract, namely in the group given olive oil of 170.5 mg. /dL (81.19%), in the group given a combination of fig fruit extract it was 43.75 mg/dL (38.55%), and the increase in the group given fig fruit extract was 38 mg/dL (29.92%). The combination of olive oil and fig fruit extract has a constant effect on total cholesterol levels and reduces triglyceride levels. Fig fruit extract has a constant effect on total cholesterol levels and increases triglyceride levels. Olive oil has a constant effect on total cholesterol levels and more significant results in reducing triglyceride levels in mice with high-fat feed in all treatment groups.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A case report.
Authors: Muhammad Waseem  , Ahmed Uzair  , Nauman Ijaz Bhatti  , Muhammad Sajawal  , Amna Abid
Published: February 2024

An uncommon autosomal recessive condition called pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is characterized by the buildup of intra-alveolar calcifications inside the lung parenchyma. In this case report, a 16-year-old female patient with PAM is examined in-depth clinically and radiologically. The patient's radiographs revealed dense consolidation in both lungs. The diagnosis of PAM was confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), which showed bilateral, extensive and symmetrical distribution of the calcifications. We go over PAM's clinical presentation, imaging traits, diagnostic difficulties, and current therapeutic strategies. In order to provide a complete overview of this uncommon lung illness, we also evaluate relevant research.
Clinical presentations and complications of parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema in children presenting in a tertiary care setup.
Authors: Samrah Ibrahim  , Misbah Anjum  , Muhammad Haris Patel
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the clinical presentations and complications of parapneumonic effusion (PPE) and pleural empyema (PE) in children presenting in a tertiary care setup in Karachi. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Medical Units of National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: July 2022 to June 2023. Material & Methods: Hospitalized children of either gender, aged between 1 month and 12 years diagnosed with PPE or PE on the basis of radiological findings were analyzed. Baseline laboratory investigations were done. Complications of PPE/PE were noted. Outcome was observed in the form of discharged, referred or mortality. Results: In a total of 86 with PPE/PE, 61.6% were boys while the overall mean age was 4.35±3.17 years. Common clinical symptoms included fever (100%), decreased air entry (86%), cough (75.6%), and respiratory difficulty (74.4%). Blood cultures revealed bacterial infections in 10.5% of cases, while most common isolates were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas. Positive pleural fluid cultures noted in 39.5% of cases while pseudomonas and staphylococcus aureus were the most common bacterial isolates. Most commonly used antimicrobials were Vancomycin, Ceftriaxone, Tazobactum+Piperacillin, and Linezolid. Tube thoracostomy was performed in 96.5% of patients. Most frequent complications of PPE/PE included residual organized empyema (36%), pneumothorax (9.3%), and sepsis (9.1%). Overall, the mortality was noted in 5.8% cases. Conclusion: Most frequent clinical presentations of PPE/PE include fever, cough, respiratory difficulty, and abdominal pain, with fever being universal. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas were the most common bacterial isolates. The most common complications were residual organized empyema, pneumothorax, and sepsis.
Comparison between electrocautry and ligasure in terms of preoperative blood loss in modified radical mastectomy in carcinoma breast.
Authors: Osman Riaz  , Nabeel Akthar  , Sultan Mahmood Khan  , Asif Rashid Alamgir  , Shaheer Sultan  , Hasnain Ejaz
Published: February 2024

Objective: To compare mean intra operative blood loss using ligasure and electrocautery in modified radical mastectomy in patients of breast malignancy. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Setting: Department of Surgery, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: June 2020 to December 2020. Material & Methods: After fulling inclusion criteria, 60 Patients from surgical OPD of Allied Hospital Faisalabad were enrolled for the study. Informed consent was taken. Two groups of patients were made on random basis. Group A patients underwent modified radical mastectomy using ligasure while in Group B electrocautery was used to secure bleeding. In both groups, surgery was performed by senior consultant surgeon. Intra operative blood loss was measured. Results: In this research, mean intra operative blood loss was 17.63+1.22 ml in Group-A while 21.76+1.41 ml in Group-B, p value was 0.001. Conclusion: Mean intra operative blood loss using LigaSure is significantly lower when compared with electrocautery in modified radical mastectomy in patients of breast cancer.
Outcome of continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children.
Authors: Awais Abbas  , Ume-Farwah Zahidi  , Naveed Ur Rehman Siddiqui  , Muhammad Abid Shah  , Iram Iqbal  , Farzana Bashir Ahmed  , Qalab Abbas
Published: February 2024

Objective: To determine the outcome of critically ill children undergoing CRRT. Study Design: Prospective Observational Study. Setting: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Aga Khan University Hospital. Period: Jan 2021 to Dec 2022. Material & Methods: The study comprised of collection of data of critically ill children from the age 1-18 years who were subjected to CRRT from Jan 2021 to December 2022. We reported primary diagnosis, demographics, indications, modality, and outcomes of CRRT. Statistical analyses were utilized to relate risk factors correlating with mortality among patients who underwent CRRT. Our main outcome measures were mortality among critically ill pediatric patients who were subjected to CRRT and its associated risk factors. Results: 42 patients underwent CRRT from Jan 2021 to December 2022. Mean age was 11.97 ± 4.3 years, with 64% male population. Most common primary diagnosis was infectious etiology (36%) followed by genitourinary system (27%). 83% patients were in failure according to pRIFLE criteria. 81% patients had multiorgan dysfunction (MODS) with renal, cardiovascular, and respiratory dysfunction sequentially being most common. The mean ionotropic score before & after CRRT was 38.57 & 49.71 respectively. Mean ICU duration of admission was 11.6 days. The most common indication for CRRT was fluid overload (85.71%). Median length of CRRT was 62 hours with a mean circuit life of 47.87 hours. Most common CRRT catheter site was the femoral vein (83%) followed by the internal jugular vein (14%). CVVHDF was the most used modality (64%) followed by CVVH (19%). We report an overall mortality of 71.4%, with a positive correlation with use of norepinephrine post CRRT, presence of multiorgan dysfunction, presence of cardiovascular dysfunction, respiratory dysfunction, and low platelet count (<150,000 per microliter) on univariate analysis. Only respiratory dysfunction was statistically significantly associated with mortality on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The gross mortality in patients who underwent CRRT was high (71.4%). Norepinephrine use post-CRRT, multi-organ dysfunction, cardiovascular system, respiratory system dysfunction and low platelet counts were associated with high mortality while association of respiratory dysfunction with mortality was independently statistically significant.
Comparison of effectiveness of combination of xylocaine and dexmedetomidine with xylocaine alone in biers block of upper limb.
Authors: Tahir Nazeer  , Asif Rashid Alamgir  , Sahir Shafiq  , Umair Ahmed  , Riaz Hussain  , Umer Farooq
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate two groups (combination versus xylocaine alone) in terms of onset of motor block, duration of block, and postoperative analgesia following the release of the tourniquet. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: Chaudhary Muhammad Akram Teaching & Research Hospital. Period: 01 June 2023 to 30 Nov 2023. Material & Methods: Quasi experimental study design with a sample of total 80 patients divided into two groups of 40 each (xylocaine alone & combination of xylocaine and dexmedetomidine) were selected by using non probability convenient sampling technique. Results: Combining dexmedetomidine with xylocaine in Bier's block for upper limb surgery demonstrated significant advantages. Group B exhibited faster onset (3.8 min), prolong motor block, and prolonged postoperative analgesia (12.4 hrs) compared to group A (xylocaine alone: 5.2 min onset & shorter postoperative analgesia 6.8 hrs). Dexmedetomidine enhanced post-operative pain control, showcasing its effectiveness in improving outcomes for Bier's block procedures. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine enhances Bier's block with xylocaine, providing faster onset, extended motor block, and superior post-operative analgesia for upper limb surgery.
Pengaruh Variasi Holding Time Pada Proses Heat Treatment (Hardening) Untuk Baja S50c Sebagai Pisau Mesin Pencacah Kayu
Authors: Alfariji Munandar Muhammad Hisson , Kardiman Kardiman , Santoso Deri Teguh
Published: February 2024

S50C Alloy Steel is a widely produced and used medium carbon alloy steel, which serves as a raw material for manufacturing machine components, building structures, tools, and one of them being knife blades for wood chippers. The aim of this research is to determine the hardness value and microstructural changes in S50C steel after the heat treatment of hardening and holding time. The method used in this study is an experimental method, where S50C steel is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 850°C, followed by different holding times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes, and then cooled using oil. The research results show that the highest hardness value in S50C steel, treated with rapid cooling using oil, has an average hardness value of 589.29 HV after a 90-minute holding time, compared to the raw material's hardness of 262.67 HV. Microstructural testing reveals that the microstructure of the raw material consists of ferrite and pearlite with balanced crystal shape and size, in accordance with a carbon content of 0.50%. In the group of specimens undergoing rapid cooling with oil in the hardening process, a new microstructure called martensite is obtained, which is the main structure responsible for the increased hardness of the steel.