bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Arf6 Deletion in PLB-985 Differentiated in Neutrophil-Like Cells and in Mouse Neutrophils: Impact on Adhesion and Migration
Authors: Gamara Jouda , Davis Lynn , Rollet-Labelle Emmanuelle , Hongu Tsunaki , Funakoshi Yuji , Kanaho Yasunori , Aoudjit Fawzi , Bourgoin Sylvain G.
Published: April 2020

Chemoattractant sensing, adhesiveness, and migration are critical events underlying the recruitment of neutrophils (PMNs) to sites of inflammation or infection. Defects in leukocyte adhesion or migration result in immunodeficiency disorders characterized by recurrent infections. In this study, we evaluated the role of Arf6 on PMN adhesion in vitro and on migration to inflammatory sites using PMN-Arf6 conditional knockout (cKO) mice. In PMN-like PLB-985 silenced for Arf6 fMLP-mediated adhesion to the β2 integrin ligands, ICAM-1 and fibrinogen or the β1/β2 integrin ligand fibronectin was significantly reduced. Furthermore, overexpression of wild-type Arf6 promoted basal and fMLP-induced adhesion to immobilized integrin ligands, while overexpression of the dominant-negative Arf6 has the opposite effects. Using the Elane-Cre deleting mouse strains, we report that the level of Arf6 deletion in inflammatory PMNs isolated from the dorsal air pouches was stronger when compared to naïve cells isolated from the bone marrow. In PMN-Arf6 cKO mice, the recruitment of PMNs into the dorsal air pouch injected with LPS or the chemoattractant fMLP was significantly diminished. Impaired cell migration correlated with reduced cell surface expression of CD11a and CD11b in Arf6 cKO PMNs. Our results highlight that Arf6 regulates the activity and possibly the recycling of PMN integrins, and this compromises PMN migration to inflammatory sites.
On the Development of Refined Plate Theory for Static Bending Behavior of Functionally Graded Plates
Authors: Do Van Thom , Pham Van Vinh , Nguyen Hoang Nam
Published: April 2020

This work gives information about the development of refined plate theory to study the static bending behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) plates. The significant advantage of our proposed theory is that only one unknown variable exists in its displacement formula and governing equation. To illustrate the accuracy and effectiveness of this theory, an analytical approach based on the Navier solution is employed to obtain the solution for static bending of simply supported FGM plates. A good agreement for static bending of FGM plates with other literature results has been instituted. This work also investigates the deflection, in-plane normal, and shear stresses of sinusoidally loaded FGM rectangular plates with four simply supported edges. The influence of some parameters on the bending performance of FGM plates is also carefully considered.
Current Topics and Practical Considerations of Cytology Practice in Lung Cancer: Reflexions from the Lung Symposium at the 42nd European Congress of Cytology, Malmö, 2019
Authors: Canberk Sule , Tischler Verena , Engels Marianne
Published: April 2020

In June 2019, a lung symposium was held at the 42nd European Congress of Cytology in Malmö, Sweden. Due to the current importance of cytological samples in the diagnoses and molecular analysis to set up the utmost management of lung cancer patients, cytologists from different countries shared the experience of their institutions. The place of the cytological samples gains more and more importance on the potential long-term survival gain through personalized medicine and this harbors the improvement of the guidelines both in pathology and cytology field. In this symposium, the new 6-tiered reporting system for pulmonary cytology proposed by the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology and detailed cytomorphological approach to lung carcinoma including lookalike lesions and DNA- and RNA-based analysis of cytology material have been discussed. The cytopathologist plays a pivotal role in ensuring success of a correct triage for the cytology material to be sure of the adequacy and quality of the yield from the rapid on-site evaluation till the report which should encompass molecular profile in rational patient management.
Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Baniebrahimi Ghazaleh , Mir Fatemeh , Khanmohammadi Razieh
Published: April 2020

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as a little population of cancer cells, which have features as the same as the cells normal stem cells. There is enough knowledge of the CSCs responsibility for metastasis, medicine resistance, and cancer outbreak. Therefore, CSCs control possibly provides an efficient treatment intervention inhibiting tumor growth and invasion. In spite of the significance of targeting CSCs in treating cancer, few study comprehensively explored the nature of oral CSCs. It has been showed that oral CSCs are able to contribute to oral cancer progression though activation/inhibition a sequences of cellular and molecular pathways (microRNA network, histone modifications and calcium regulation). Hence, more understanding about the properties of oral cancers and their behaviors will help us to develop new therapeutic platforms. Head and neck CSCs remain a viable and intriguing option for targeted therapy. Multiple investigations suggested the major contribution of the CSCs to the metastasis, tumorigenesis, and resistance to the new therapeutic regimes. Therefore, experts in the field are examining the encouraging targeted therapeutic choices. In spite of the advancements, there are not enough information in this area and thus a magic bullet for targeting and eliminating the CSCs deviated us. Hence, additional investigations on the combined therapies against the head and neck CSCs could offer considerable achievements. The present research is a review of the recent information on oral CSCs, and focused on current advancements in new signaling pathways contributed to their stemness regulation. Moreover, we highlighted various therapeutic approaches against oral CSCs.
Choice architecture interventions to change physical activity and sedentary behavior: a systematic review of effects on intention, behavior and health outcomes during and after intervention
Authors: Landais Lorraine L. , Damman Olga C. , Schoonmade Linda J. , Timmermans Danielle R. M. , Verhagen Evert A. L. M. , Jelsma Judith G. M.
Published: April 2020

Background

Choice architecture interventions, which subtly change the environment in which individuals make decisions, can be used to promote behavior change. This systematic review aimed to summarize studies on micro-environmental choice architecture interventions that encouraged physical activity or discouraged sedentary behavior in adults, and to describe the effectiveness of those interventions on these behaviors – and on related intentions or health outcomes – in presence of the intervention and after removal of the intervention (i.e. post-intervention, regardless of the time elapsed).

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library for (quasi) experimental studies published up to December 2019 that evaluated the effect of choice architecture interventions on physical activity and sedentary behavior, as well as on intentions and health outcomes related to physical activity/sedentary behavior. Studies that combined choice architecture techniques with other behavior change techniques were excluded. All studies were screened for eligibility, relevant data was extracted and two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality using the QualSyst tool.

Results

Of the 9609 records initially identified, 88 studies met our eligibility criteria. Most studies (n = 70) were of high methodologic quality. Eighty-six studies targeted physical activity, predominantly stair use, whereas two studies targeted sedentary behavior, and one targeted both behaviors. Intervention techniques identified were prompting (n = 53), message framing (n = 24), social comparison (n = 12), feedback (n = 8), default change (n = 1) and anchoring (n = 1). In presence of the intervention, 68% of the studies reported an effect of choice architecture on behavior, whereas after removal of the intervention only 47% of the studies reported a significant effect. For all choice architecture techniques identified, except for message framing, the majority of studies reported a significant effect on behavioral intentions or behavior in presence of the intervention.

Conclusions

The results suggest that prompting can effectively encourage stair use in adults, especially in presence of a prompt. The effectiveness of the choice architecture techniques social influence, feedback, default change and anchoring cannot be assessed based on this review. More (controlled) studies are needed to assess the (sustained) effectiveness of choice architecture interventions on sedentary behavior and other types of physical activity than stair use.
Daring to share requires intentional and collective commitment to civil discourse
Authors: Beets Michael W. , Weaver R. Glenn , Brazendale Keith
Published: April 2020

Communicating and challenging ideas through written scholarly dialogue is a cornerstone of scientific progress. In the current social and political climate, it is important to reflect upon what constitutes appropriate ways to engage in scholarly dialogues and consider the ramifications of failing to create an environment where individuals are willing to share ideas openly. In this commentary, we provide examples of scholarly dialogues representing antagonistic and collegial tones and discuss the consequences of failing to communicate appropriately in the areas of gatekeeping, mentoring, and most importantly, the silencing of ideas.
The role of Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in cerebrovascular disorders: the impact of spreading depolarization
Authors: Ashayeri Ahmadabad Rezan , Khaleghi Ghadiri Maryam , Gorji Ali
Published: April 2020

Cerebral vascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders that affect the blood supply to the brain and lead to the reduction of oxygen and glucose supply to the neurons and the supporting cells. Spreading depolarization (SD), a propagating wave of neuroglial depolarization, occurs in different CVDs. A growing amount of evidence suggests that the inflammatory responses following hypoxic-ischemic insults and after SD plays a double-edged role in brain tissue injury and clinical outcome; a beneficial effect in the acute phase and a destructive role in the late phase. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the activation of inflammatory cascades and subsequent neuroprotective or harmful effects after CVDs and SD. Here, we review current data regarding the pathophysiological role of TLR signaling pathways in different CVDs and discuss the role of SD in the potentiation of the inflammatory cascade in CVDs through the modulation of TLRs.
Risk factors for pressure ulcers from the use of a pelvic positioner in hip surgery: a retrospective observational cohort study in 229 patients
Authors: Ueno Takuro , Kabata Tamon , Kajino Yoshitomo , Inoue Daisuke , Ohmori Takaaki , Yoshitani Junya , Ueoka Ken , Yamamuro Yuki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki
Published: April 2020

Background

Intraoperatively acquired pressure ulcers are serious postsurgical complications requiring additional treatment, reoperation, and extended hospitalization. No study has investigated the frequency of the ulcers caused by compression with a pelvic positioner, which is used in hip surgeries to stabilize patients in the lateral decubitus position.

Methods

This retrospective study investigated the risk factors and the frequency of the ulcers caused by the use of pelvic positioners in hip surgeries. The records of patients who underwent surgical procedures under general anesthesia at our institution between January 1, 2016 and March 31, 2018 were reviewed. The inclusion criterion for the assessment of risk factors was hip surgery in the lateral decubitus position stabilized by a pelvic positioner. The exclusion criteria were patients with trauma, missing data, or a pre-existing pressure ulcer. Finally,.the study included 229 patients (265 hip surgeries). All the patients were positioned in the lateral decubitus position with the assistance of either a pelvic positioner, which had a single support fixture located over the pubic symphysis or a double support fixture located over the bilateral anterior superior iliac spine. Intraoperatively acquired pressure ulcers were diagnosed when ulcers were absent on admission and the redness that was observed immediately after surgery remained after 24 h. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with an increased risk for ulcers.

Results

Ulcers developed in 8 of 1810 (0.44%) patients who underwent orthopedic surgery. Seven of the 265 (2.64%) patients who underwent hip surgery in the lateral decubitus position stabilized by a pelvic positioner developed ulcers. All ulcers were located on areas of the body that were compressed by the pelvic positioner. After identifying controls for patient height (less than 154 cm), surgery duration (longer than 180 min), blood loss (more than 355 ml), and type of pelvic positioner used, we identified the independent risk factors for ulcers to be patient height < 154 cm (adjusted odds ratio, 12.8; p-value, 0.032) and the use of pelvic positioners with pubic bone support (adjusted odds ratio, 10.53; p-value, 0.047).

Conclusion

The use of pelvic positioners with pubic bone support should be avoided in patients with a height of < 154 cm to decrease the risk of ulcers.
Fit to fight – from military hygiene to wellbeing in the British Army
Authors: Bricknell Martin C. M. , Ross Colonel David A.
Published: April 2020

This paper reviews the historical evolution of the language and organization surrounding the health of personnel in the British Army from ‘hygiene’ through  to ‘wellbeing’. It starts by considering the health of the army in the mid-nineteenth century and the emergence of military hygiene as a professional subject. It continues by looking at advances in military hygiene in the two world wars. Hygiene was replaced by the term ‘health’ in the 1950s as the collective noun used by professionals working in this field. This unity split when the professions of occupational medicine and public health established separate faculties and training pathways. However, the health issues for the armed forces remain fundamentally unchanged. Going forward, the term ‘wellbeing’ is helping to refresh the close relationships between executives, their medical advisers and those within the population of health professions charged with keeping the British Army healthy. The core theme is the collaborations between civil society, executive leadership and medical services in maximizing the health of the military population from recruitment through to life as a veteran.
The Sequential Radiographic Effects of Preoperative Chemotherapy and (Chemo)Radiation on Tumor Anatomy in Patients with Localized Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Perri Giampaolo , Prakash Laura , Malleo Giuseppe , Caravati Andrea , Varadhachary Gauri R. , Fogelman David , Pant Shubham , Koay Eugene J. , Herman Joseph , Maggino Laura , Milella Michele , Kim Michael , Ikoma Naruhiko , Tzeng Ching-Wei , Salvia Roberto , Lee Jeffrey E. , Bassi Claudio , Katz Matthew H. G.
Published: April 2020

Background

The incidence and magnitude of indicators of radiographic response of pancreatic cancer to systemic chemotherapy and (chemo)radiation administered prior to anticipated pancreatectomy are unclear.

Methods

Sequential computed tomography scans of 226 patients with localized pancreatic cancer who received chemotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRINOX) or gemcitabine and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (GA) with or without (chemo)radiation and who subsequently underwent surgery with curative intent from January 2010 to December 2018 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Verona University Hospital were re-reviewed and compared.

Results

Overall, 141 patients (62%) received FOLFIRINOX, 70 (31%) received GA, and 15 (7%) received both; 164 patients (73%) received preoperative (chemo)radiation following chemotherapy and prior to surgery; and 151 (67%), 70 (31%), and 5 (2%) patients had Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) stable disease, partial response, and progressive disease, respectively. The tumors of 29% of patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced cancer were downstaged after preoperative therapy. Radiographic downstaging was more common with chemotherapy than with (chemo)radiation (24% vs. 6%; p = 0.04), and the median tumor volume loss after chemotherapy was significantly greater than that after (chemo)radiation (28% vs. 17%; p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Less than one-third of patients treated with FOLFIRINOX or GA with or without (chemo)radiation experienced either RECIST partial response or radiographic downstaging prior to surgery. The incidence of tumor downstaging was higher and the magnitude of tumor volume loss was greater following chemotherapy than after (chemo)radiation.
Formation of Citizenship of Cossack Youth in Modern Conditions
Authors: Solonnikov D.
Published: April 2020

The author proceeds from the position that the idea of patriotism and citizenship should be a serious basis for the ideology in demand, and, consequently, the basis for education. In Russia, people most often associated the idea of service with their attitude to the country, people, and homeland. The desire for justice and security of a person’s self-consciousness in Russia most often connects with a strong state, the person’s ability to serve his country, patriotism, the ability to bring glory and benefit to the motherland. The object of the empirical study of citizenship is student youth aged 17 to 25 years; time period - 2018 - 2020 according to a sample representing the general population by sex and age; the general population is student youth of a specified age. The sample size was 1205 people, the sampling error on one basis was about 5%. Cossack youth was considered in comparison with the main sample. The most important value of citizenship is patriotism. To the question "What does it mean for you to be a patriot?". The answers were as follows. “Love Russia and be proud of your country” - 64.3% (rank 1). Among Cossack youth this indicator is 88.2%. Further: “protect Russia” - 47.8% (rank 2). Among Cossack youth this indicator is 87.3%. Respect the traditions and culture of their country - 35.6% (rank 3). Among Cossack youth this indicator is 67.6%. The results of this study convince us that the system of educational work with Cossack youth gives a more favorable picture of the formation of citizenship of young people.
Photographic Passport Biometry
Authors: Hausken Liv
Published: April 2020

When ICAO approved a new standard for international passports, they recommended including a high-resolution facial image on a chip in addition to the visual portrait on the identity page. Accordingly, there is, in a certain sense, two images in the current passport, one on the chip, the other visually displayed. In this article I relate the functional distribution between these two images to the nineteenth-century mugshot and argue that the photographically generated images in the current passport represent a subdued tension between two parallel paths in the history of photography: depiction and measurement. By looking at the arguments for facial recognition technologies in today's passport as specified by ICAO, I argue that the current regulation of international mobility downplays the importance of physical measurements and hides this behind photography’s more familiar function, namely depiction. This contributes to conceal biometrics as a tool for power and control in today’s society.
Computer Methods for Thematic Modeling of Textbooks Collection in Natural Language
Authors: Babkina N.S. , Nugumanova A.B. , Oskorbin N.M. , Polovikova O.N. , Smolyakova L.L.
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the development results of computer methods for analyzing text data and assessing classification inaccuracies at the stages of thematic modeling. This study uses as an example the task to process textual data of a collection of graduate qualification works prepared and defended by students of Altai State University, Faculty of Mathematics and IT in recent years.

The main results obtained in the paper are listed as follows. Relevant application areas and directions for computer methods and thematic modeling in the educational process are identified. Justification of the general algorithm for solving the problem of the thematic analysis of collections of educational materials is carried out. Information technologies for thematic modeling are developed, and estimation of analysis errors on a set of test documents is obtained. It is shown that computer-based methods of thematic modeling and information technology to support them can be used both in the educational process and in the development of educational and methodological documents.
Numerical Solotion of a Problem of Fluid Filtration in a Viscoelastic Porous Medium
Authors: Virts R.A. , Papin A.A. , Weigant W.A.
Published: April 2020

The paper considers a model for filtering a viscous incompressible fluid in a deformable porous medium. The filtration process can be described by a system consisting of mass conservation equations for liquid and solid phases, Darcy's law, rheological relation for a porous medium, and the law of conservation of balance of forces. This paper assumes that the poroelastic medium has both viscous and elastic properties. In the one-dimensional case, the transition to Lagrange variables allows us to reduce the initial system of governing equations to a system of two equations for effective pressure and porosity, respectively. The aim of the work is a numerical study of the emerging initial-boundary value problem. Paragraph 1 gives the statement of the problem and a brief review of the literature on works close to this topic. In paragraph 2, the initial system of equations is transformed, as a result of which a second-order equation for effective pressure and the first-order equation for porosity arise. Paragraph 3 proposes an algorithm to solve the initial-boundary value problem numerically. A difference scheme for the heat equation with the righthand side and a Runge–Kutta second-order approximation scheme are used for numerical implementation.
On Triangles with Sides That Form an Arithmetic Progression
Authors: Maltsev Yu.N. , Monastyreva A.S.
Published: April 2020

Properties of triangles such that the squares of their sides form an arithmetic progression were studied in 2018. In this paper, triangles with sides that form an arithmetic progression are described. Let a, b, c be sides of an arbitrary triangle ABC. If sides b, a, c of the triangle ABC form an arithmetic progression then, for example, the equality a=(b+c)/2 (b<a<c) holds. The class of triangles for which a=(b+c)/2 is greater than the class of triangles for which b, a, c form an arithmetic progression. In this paper, we study the properties of triangles for which this equality holds. Thus, triangles with sides that form an arithmetic progression are described with the help of the parameters p, R, r. Classes of rectangular triangles, triangles with angle 30°, triangles with angle 60°, triangles with angle 120° are studied and described.
AI-assisted on-chip nanophotonic convolver based on silicon metasurface
Authors: Liao Kun , Gan Tianyi , Hu Xiaoyong , Gong Qihuang
Published: April 2020

Convolution operation is of great significance in on-chip all-optical signal processing, especially in signal analysis and image processing. It is a basic and important mathematical operation in the realization of all-optical computing. Here, we propose and experimentally implement a dispersionless metalens for dual wavelengths, a 4f optical processing system, and then demonstrate the on-chip nanophotonic convolver based on silicon metasurface with the optimization assistance of inverse design. The characteristic size of the dispersionless metalens device is 8 × 9.4 μm, and the focusing efficiency is up to 79% and 85% at wavelengths of 1000 and 1550 nm, respectively. The feature size of the convolver is 24 × 9.4 μm, and the proposed convolver allows spatial convolution operation on any desired function at dual wavelengths simultaneously. This work provides a potential scheme for the further development of on-chip all-optical computing.
Basic principles of substrate activation through non-covalent bond interactions
Authors: Orlandi Manuel
Published: April 2020

In the last twenty years, chiral Brønsted acid and chiral counteranion catalysis have emerged as a fundamental area of organocatalysis. The development of chiral acidic catalysts has allowed extending many known Brønsted catalyzed reactions to the stereoselective domain. Moreover, the controlled conditions under which these catalysts can be used, allowed accessing reactivity of increasing complexity with extraordinary selectivity levels. However, compared to the explosion of this branch of organocatalysis in an applicative direction, only little has been done to understand and rationalize the observed reaction outcomes. This is due, in part, to the complex nature of the weak interactions (H-bonds, electrostatic, and dispersion interactions) governing this class of reactions. Here we review relevant mechanistic analyses from both chiral Brønsted acid and chiral counteranion directed catalysis. Both experimental and computational work is included that aimed at unveiling the nature of the interactions governing the a number of reactions. These include the: enantioselective reduction of ketoimines with Hantzsch esters; ring opening reactions of epoxides, oxetanes, aziridinium, and sulfonium ions; stereoselective fluorination of allylic alcohols; oxidative aminations of benzylic thioethers (enantioselective Pummerer reaction). These case studies are analyzed and discussed in order to highlight key features and similarities across the different catalytic systems.
The Principle that ‘Like Perceives Like’ in Theophrastus’

De sensibus
Authors: Johansen Thomas Kjeller
Published: April 2020

This paper considers Theophrastus’ use in the De sensibus of the principles that like perceives like and that unlike perceives unlike to criticise his predecessors. It is argued that the aporiai that arise from either position serve to motivate the view of perception articulated by Aristotle in the De anima.
The Lever, or How to Act at a Distance: A Backdrop to Theophrastus’
De sensibus
Authors: Laks André
Published: April 2020

It is well known that when it comes to perception in the De anima, Aristotle uses affection-related vocabulary with extreme caution. This has given rise to a debate between interpreters who hold that in Aristotle’s account, the act of sense-perception nevertheless involves the physiological alteration of the sense organ (Richard Sorabji), and those think, with Myles Burnyeat, that for Aristotle, perception does not involve any material process, so that an Aristotelian physics of sense-perception is a “physics of forms alone”. The present article suggests that the dematerialisation of Aristotle’s theory of perception, which has a long story from Alexander of Aphrodisias to Brentano, may be in fact traced back to Theophrastus’ exegesis of Aristotle’s relevant passages in the De anima in his Physics, as we can reconstruct it on the basis of Priscian’s Metaphrasis in Theophrastum and Simplicius’ commentary of Aristotle’s De Anima. The reconstruction also provides a scholastic-theoretical frame to Theophrastus’ critical exposition of ancient theories about sense perception in his De sensibus, whether or not the discussion originally belonged to Theophrastus’ Physics.
Echoes of Theophrastus’

De sensibus

in Books 4 and 1 of the Aëtian

Placita
Authors: Mansfeld Jaap
Published: April 2020

The hypothesis formulated by Usener and Diels that Theophrastus’ De sensibus is a crucial source of relevant sections of the Placita is insufficiently supported by the evidence. Of the fifteen Placita chapters dealing with sense perception and cognition, only a few are related to the treatise.
Theophrastus on Plato’s Theory of Vision
Authors: Ierodiakonou Katerina
Published: April 2020

In paragraphs 5 and 86 of theDe sensibusTheophrastus gives a brief report of Plato’s views on the sense of vision and its object, i. e. colour, based on theTimaeus. Interestingly enough, he presents the Platonic doctrine as a third alternative to the extramission and intromission theories put forward by other ancient philosophers. In this article I examine whether or not Theophrastus’ account is impartial. I argue that at least some of his distortive departures from the Platonic dialogue are due to his Aristotelian inheritance, even though they do not always represent Aristotle’s expressed views.
Nephroprotective effects of eriocitrin via alleviation of oxidative stress and DNA damage against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity
Authors: Jing Yongsheng , Wu Xiaoqing , Jiang Huili , Wang Rong
Published: April 2020

Background

Cisplatin, a common anti-neoplastic drug used in the medical industry for cancer treatment has shown adverse nephrotoxic effects. This research targets to demonstrate the protective measure of eriocitrin, a bioactive flavonoid, against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in rats.

Materials and methods

Rats of normal control and model groups were treated with saline whereas experimental groups received oral administration of eriocitrin (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 10 days and a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg b.w.) was given on the 7th day for all except normal control group. Blood serum, urine, and kidney tissue samples were collected for analysis.

Results

Cisplatin-induced rats demonstrated significant renal toxicity and damage. Eriocitrin dose-dependently reversed the effects by decreasing the proteinuria in urine, and urea, creatinine, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β) in serum. The tissue levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased, whereas the levels of tissue DNA fragmentation and serum PARP-1 and Caspase-3 were reduced against model group. Histopathological modulations were supporting the protective effect of eriocitrin.

Conclusion

Eriocitrin has significant nephroprotective effects against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity by alleviating oxidative stress, preventing apoptosis and DNA damage.
THE PROBLEM OF QUALITATIVE METHODS APPLICABLE IN THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONALITY
Authors: Карпенко Євген , Абрамцьов Рафал
Published: April 2020

The article argues the historical confrontation and the mutual additions of qualitative and quantitative methods in psychology, and it presents the important systematized methodological aspects as for the application of qualitative methods in personality psychology. These aspects are: substantiation of qualitative research as the most appropriate methodology for the holistic study of a person as a personality from the standpoint of the systematic approach; combination of the diagnostics and psychological influences during dialogic interactions of a psycho­logist-researcher and a psychologist-practitioner (as two roles of one person) with a client in a psychotechnical situation; the characteristic features of qualitative research (holism, identified meanings and their interpretations, contextuality, reflexivity, interactivity, absence of directives, inductive approach to data, correspondence to situations, attention to individual cases, etc.); the types of qualitative studies - diagnostic, exploitative, verificatory or exploitative-verificatory - and variants of their combination; classification of methodological approaches that help chose certain qualitative methods based on their philosophical foundations, research purpose and objects, cognition principles and technologies; the methodological principles of qualitative research – conceptual sensi­tivity, interpretive reconstruction, reflexivity; the validity criteria for qualitative methods with taking into account a research stage (a level in the structure) – planning and data collecting, their analysis, data interpretation and presentation, ethical validity – and the structure of a final scientific work prepared by the research results (requirements for introduction, literature review and theoretical analysis, an empirical part, conclusions, possible applications). The conclusion is made about the relevance of qualitative researches at the modern meta-modern stage of the psychological science on personality
АКСІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ВИМІР АВТЕНТИЧНОЇ ПРИРОДИ ЛЮДИНИ З ПОЗИЦІЇ ХРИСТИЯНСЬКОЇ ПСИХОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Климишин Ольга
Published: April 2020

У статті представлено християнсько-орієнтовану парадигму аксіологічного виміру автентичної природи людини.  В християнській психології людина постає як цілісна комплементарна єдність тіла-душі-духа. Суть автентичної природи людини визначає сакраментальність. Остання постає як аксіологічна характеристика та трансцендентальне джерело розвитку особистості – передумова її самопізнання, самовизначення та самовдосконалення. Сакраментальність як аксіологічну характеристику людини роз­криває положення, за яким людина є носієм незнищенного трансцендентного Божого образу. Усвідом­лення цієї даності ініціює в людини прагнення своїми думками, вчинками, діями відповідати образу Бога, бути гідним Його. Дві закономірності характеризують реалізацію сакраментальності як транс­цендентального джерела розвитку особистості: онтологічний синергізм та онтологічний динамізм. Онтологічний синергізм полягає у співдії божественного з людським, яку визначають три важливі моменти. По-перше, бо­жественне і людське в людині становлять єдину природу, а не дві. По-друге, божественне є завжди від­критим до впливу та діючим. По-третє, співдія людського з божественним є виявом онтологічної свободи волі та свободи вибору. Онтологічний динамізм як закономірність визначається тим, що людина містить у собі образ Божий, що є мотиватором внутрішньої духовної динаміки – прагнення до вершин досконалості у гідних вчинках. Сакраментальність наділяє людину спроможністю та перспективою осягнення транс­цен­дентної сакральної реальності. Це пізнання відбувається через власний життєвий досвід людини, що озна­менований прагненням помножувати добро та любов. Це прагнення є свідомою відповіддю на онтологічний заклик. Бог як любов в онтологічному дарі свободи об’являє Себе людині, даючи їй мож­ливість все більше уподібнюватися до Себе. Свобода дає їй потенційну можливість відповідати образу Бога в собі, а з іншого боку, свобода зобов’язує людину в дієвий спосіб стверджувати цю відповідність. На сакраментальності вибудовується самодостатність людини, оскільки вона є відкритою до співпраці з Творцем, а її життя є неперервним онтологічним і якісним зростанням особистості, не лише щодо її Альфа (початку), але й щодо її Омеги (призначення), до якого вона динамічно прямує
TWO IMAGES OF IDEAL: BADIOU AND PLATO
Authors: Nikulina Aleksandra
Published: April 2020

The comparison of the strikingly different perspectives on the concepts of “idea”, “the ideal” within works of the two philosophers, separated by ages, uncovers the problem of a relation be-tween “idea” and the phenomena of multiplicity, becoming and movement, also revealing certain possibilities for interpreting “idea” as the principle of liberation from (existing) laws/rules, rather than the pillar of their validity. Herein we intend to demonstrate the potential of interpreting “idea” through the lens of the phenomena of becoming, difference and being as exemplified by A. Badiou’s works. Clarifying such a relation is an important task, because in classical Platonism – as well as in European culture in general – the aspects of immobility and unity of “idea” are emphasized, still creating the impression of an odd isolation of “idea” from the practical reality of the “life world”. However such an image of “idea” is clearly destroyed by the logic of the di-alogue “Parmenides”, where the One is deemed inconceivable without the Other/Many. Within this context it becomes possible to understand “idea” in a “non-platonic” way (though rooted in the platonic way of thinking) through the lens of the “the other/many”, rather than “the one”. We claim that A. Badiou’s interpretation of Plato follow the forementioned frame of understanding, when he grasps “idea” as something profoundly challenging logic, or mathematical structure of any given world.
Long-term Outcome of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Versus Amiodarone Therapy in Patients with Coexistent Persistent AF and Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Faggioni Michela , Della Rocca Domenico G , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan , Canpolat Ugur , Gianni Carola , Al-Ahmad Amin , Horton Rodney , Gallinghouse Gerald Joseph , Burkhardt John David , Natale Andrea
Published: April 2020

Although pharmacological rhythm control of AF in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) does not seem to provide any benefit over rate control, catheter ablation of AF has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. These results can be explained with higher success rates of catheter ablation in restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm compared with antiarrhythmic drugs. In addition, pharmacotherapy is not void of side-effects, which are thought to offset its potential antiarrhythmic benefits. Therefore, efforts should be made towards optimisation of ablation techniques for AF in patients with HFrEF.
Conocimiento sobre infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud en estudiantes de Medicina, Licenciatura en Bioanálisis y Licenciatura en Enfermería de una universidad venezolana
Authors: Guevara Amando , González Oscar , Salazar Pedro , Tedesco-Maiullari Rosa , Gascón Cheila
Published: April 2020

Introducción. El conocimiento acerca de las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud (IAAS) en profesionales en salud es fundamental para disminuir las tasas de morbimortalidad causadas por estas infecciones.Objetivo. Evaluar el nivel de conocimiento sobre las IAAS en estudiantes del último año de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela.Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo realizado en una muestra aleatoria estratificada (n=98). Se aplicó una encuesta para determinar los conocimientos de los participantes sobre 3 áreas específicas: generalidades sobre IAAS, precauciones universales e higiene de las manos. Se consideró que los estudiantes tenían un conocimiento adecuado si obtenían un puntaje promedio de 17.5.Resultados. La edad promedio de los encuestados fue 24.9 años y el 74.9% fueron mujeres. En promedio, los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería, los de Medicina y los de Licenciatura en Bioanálisis obtuvieron 18, 18.04 y 17.25 puntos, respectivamente; el 59.2% de los respondientes aprobó la encuesta y el puntaje promedio total fue 17.87 puntos. En cuanto a las tres áreas de conocimiento evaluadas, la mayoría de estudiantes reprobó Generalidades sobre IAAS (n=78) e Higiene de las manos (n=76), mientras que la mayoría (n=91) aprobó Precauciones universales.Conclusiones. En general, los estudiantes encuestados tienen un conocimiento adecuado de las IAAS y su prevención; sin embargo, independiente del programa académico, se evidenciaron deficiencias en aspectos puntuales del tema, tales como la fuente de los microorganismos causantes de las IAAS y el uso adecuado de guantes, por lo que es necesario que los currículos de estos programas profundicen más al respecto.
Lactancia materna: mitos y verdades. Artículo de revisión
Authors: Vargas-Zarate Melier , Becerra-Bulla Fabiola , Balsero-Oyuela Sandra Yineth , Meneses-Burbano Yuleidy Sandaly
Published: April 2020

Introducción. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda iniciar la lactancia materna (LM) durante la primera hora de vida del bebé, continuar su práctica de manera exclusiva hasta los 6 meses y complementarla con una adecuada alimentación hasta los 2 años o más. En Colombia los índices de LM son bajos, lo cual se debe, en parte, a que existen muchas creencias que dificultan su práctica efectiva.Objetivo. Identificar las creencias respecto a la LM y confirmar si hay o no evidencia científica que las soporte.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos y en otras fuentes bibliográficas. Se buscaron estudios y documentos sobre creencias en torno a la LM publicados entre 2007 y 2017 y que estuvieran escritos en inglés, español y portugués.Resultados. La búsqueda inicial arrojó 235 registros, pero solo 50 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, los cuales fueron agrupados en 4 categorías de creencias: 3 establecidas por la Unicef (creencias respecto a la madre, a la calidad de la leche y a lo que necesita el bebe) y 1 establecida por las autoras (otras creencias).Conclusiones. La mayoría de creencias carecen de fundamento científico y se basan en falsas ideas transmitidas de generación en generación. Por lo tanto, se deben reforzar los programas de educación en LM ofrecidos a las madres gestantes y lactantes, así como su red de apoyo, con el fin de desmitificar creencias que entorpecen la práctica efectiva de la LM.
La relación entre las bestias de Apocalipsis 13:1-10 y Apocalipsis 17: Algunas implicaciones
Authors: Graf Roy
Published: April 2020

“La relación entre las bestias de Apocalipsis 13:1-10 y Apocalipsis 17:Algunas implicaciones” – El autor explora la relación entre Apocalipsis13 y 17 con el propósito de determinar la posible identificación entre laprimera bestia del capítulo 13 (vv. 1-10) con la bestia del capítulo 17. Paraello se vale del análisis de los vínculos entre ambos capítulos referidos alas características y actividades de ambas bestias. Estos vínculos parecenapuntar a una identidad básica entre ellas. Esta identidad básica común tieneimplicaciones en cuanto a la interpretación de la perspectiva temporaldesde la cual es presentada la visión del cap. 17 y en relación a la identidadde las siete cabezas de la bestia del mismo capítulo.
El Anticristo, los 1260 días y el rapto secreto: origen y desarrollo de la escuela futurista de interpretación profética y su impacto en la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día
Authors: Turpo Joel
Published: April 2020

“El Anticristo, los 1260 días y el rapto secreto: Origen y desarrollo de la escuela futurista de interpretación profética y su impacto en la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día” — El presente artículo estudia el proceso histórico, teológico y metodológico que caracterizó el desarrollo del sistema futurista de interpretación profética, especialmente de los libros de Daniel y Apocalipsis, hasta su establecimiento como el Dispensacionalismo. En este sentido, se muestra que la adopción de la metodología hermenéutica del futurismo, basado en una interpretación literal de la Escritura y el concepto de doble cumplimiento ha ido ganando terreno entre los movimiento protestantes hasta casi eliminar al sistema de interpretación profética de la reforma, conocido como historicismo. De este modo, se presenta que la aceptación de los planteamientos metodológicos del sistema futurista, inexorablemente llevan a transformar la interpretación escatológica, sea para el protestantismo como para el adventismo.
Por qué no creo en la teoría de la evolución
Authors: Terreros Marco T.
Published: April 2020

“Por qué no creo en la teoría de la evolución” — El autorestablece su incredulidad en la teoría de la evolución basadoen que ésta contradice las leyes fundamentales de la vida yde la ciencia, es decir la biogénesis. Él enfatiza que la ley dela biogénesis asegura que solo la vida engendra vida y que lavida engendrada es la misma de la especie del progenitor. Yesta es una ley de la vida fácilmente observable. No se necesitaser científico para entenderla, pero tanto el científico como lapersona común pueden verla en acción y percibir de su efecto.Por tanto la ciencia está en contradicción con el paradigmaevolucionista y más bien concuerda con lo que establece la revelaciónbíblica: El Creador “creó los cielos y la tierra” y “creóal ser humano a su imagen; los creó a imagen de Dios. Hombrey mujer los creó” (Gén 1:1, 27).
Los salmos imprecatorios: inspiración y estructura teológica-hermenéutica
Authors: Cabrera Juan
Published: April 2020

“Los Salmos Imprecatorios: inspiración y estructura teológica-hermenéutica”—Los Salmos Imprecatorios han sido un escollo para la moralcristiana. Al ser rechazados, se minimizó el problema y se ha cuestionadosu lugar en las Escrituras. El presente artículo busca en primer lugarpresentar las principales propuestas de solución a este problema, dividiéndolasen propuestas evolutivas, propuestas puramente literarias ypropuestas teológico-literarias. A partir del último grupo, se bosquejauna estructura teológico-hermenéutica para interpretar los Salmos imprecatoriosen torno a las ideas de Gran Conflicto, santuario y juicio. Almismo tiempo son propuestos los principios de sola et tota Scriptura parael abordaje correcto de este problema.
Génesis 6:1-4, el libro de 1 Enoc y la Epístola de Judas
Authors: Azevedo Joaquim
Published: April 2020

“Génesis 6:1-4, el libro de 1 Enoc y la Epístola de Judas” — El recienteinterés en el libro no canónico de Enoc se debe mayormenteal hallazgo de algunos fragmentos de este entre los rollos del MarMuerto. El autor de este estudio expone detalles resaltantes del libroque ha sido el punto controversial de su rechazo canónico. Luegoexpone lo expresado por algunos de los exponentes de la interpretacióncristiana que fueron determinantes para la exclusión de estelibro del conjunto canónico veterotestamentario.
La cultura de la imagen
Authors: Pereyra Mario
Published: April 2020

“La cultura de la imagen” — El autor aborda el tema de la importancia del segundomandamiento de la Ley de Dios. Lleva al lector desde la solemnidad de su promulgaciónhasta la actualidad, mostrando la necesidad de entender la vigencia de la Leydivina en medio de la cultura idolátrica mundial que ha centrado su adoración en lanaturaleza y en una infinidad de ídolos. Al rastrear la historia de esta situación señalaque, durante los siglos VIII y IX, se vivió un intenso debate entre los defensores delas imágenes (los iconódulos o quienes veneraban las imágenes) y los que se oponíanfuertemente a su uso en las iglesias (los iconoclastas). Los primeros pertenecían al imperioromano de occidente, con su sede en Roma y los segundos al imperio romano deoriente, con sede en Bizancio. En esta lucha el Vaticano logró triunfar y en el segundoconcilio de Nicea, en el 787, revocó la prohibición de no hacerse imágenes y suprimióel segundo mandamiento de la ley de Dios, considerando que estaba contenido en elprimero. Tal fue el primer triunfo de la hegemonía de las imágenes. El triunfo definitivose alcanza actualmente con la cultura hipervisual o iconofílica, que no solo dominaen el ámbito religioso, sino en todas las esferas y ámbitos de la cultura.
La interpretación de Lutero del anticristo de Daniel 8 en su Responsio a Ambrosio Catarino (1521)
Authors: Kaiser Denis
Published: April 2020

Este artículo bosqueja el trasfondo histórico de la Responsio de Martín Lutero a la Apologia polémica de Ambrosio Catarino y la interpretación que allí hace el reformador de Daniel 8. La Responsio se enfoca primariamente en una discusión del tema del anticristo en Daniel 8:23-25. La intención básica de Lutero no fue producir un estudio bíblico del significado exegético de Daniel 8 sino más bien una respuesta polémica a la Apologia que encuentra sus raíces en el texto bíblico. En tanto que los intérpretes modernos cuestionarían la especificidad de las aplicaciones de Lutero, ellos pueden ciertamente aprender de su disposición a hacer el texto relevante a la situación actual de la iglesia.