bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of applying lime essential oil (Citrus latifolia) on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of beef meat sausage
Authors: Frazão Leticia de Kássia Reis , Serra Josilene Lima , Pereira Geisa Lohuama da Luz , Lima Leidiana de Sousa , Gomes Rafael Alves , Alves Gleice Karoline dos Santos , Pereira Anderson Lopes , Mouchreck Adenilde Nascimento
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of lime essential oil as a substitute for synthetic preservatives in beef sausage, considering consumer demand for healthy meat products produced with natural ingredients. Lime peel essential oil (LEO) was obtained by hydrodistillation and subjected to an evaluation of antibacterial activity by the disc diffusion and microdilution method. Its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Three sausage formulations were developed in this study: the first without preservatives (LC), the second with synthetic preservatives (L1), and the third containing 0.5% lime essential oil (L2). Physicochemical and microbiological analyses indicated that all treatments followed current legislation, although the moisture content exceeded the maximum limit. The pH and color varied significantly during refrigerated and frozen storage, reaching stability after 20 days. lime essential oil, with D-limonene as the majority component, proved to be effective in inhibiting microbial growth at a concentration of 0.5%, preserving the physicochemical composition of the sausage. Furthermore, there is a tendency for the color to stabilize during frozen storage. Therefore, 0.5% lime essential oil is a viable and natural alternative for application in meat sausages, such as fresh sausage, and adds a different flavor and aroma to this product.
Distribuição dos homicídios e produção do espaço em uma cidade racialmente cindida
Authors: Silva Diego Francisco Lima , Silva Amanda Priscila De Santana Cabral , Santos Maria da Penha Rodrigues dos , Faustino Deivison Mendes , Albuquerque Maria do Socorro Veloso de , Lyra Tereza Maciel
Published: September 2024

O Recife constitui-se como uma das cidades mais violentas e desiguais do Brasil, sobretudo na ocorrência de assassinatos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os efeitos da produção de uma cidade racialmente cindida na distribuição da ocorrência de homicídios no município do Recife. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e ecológico, cujo local de estudo foi o Recife, capital do estado de Pernambuco. O período de estudo contemplou os anos de 2012 a 2021 e a população de estudo foram as vítimas de homicídios  provocados por disparo por arma de fogo. Para as análises, o período de estudo foi dividido em dois quinquênios. Observou-se a determinação do racismo no perfil das vítimas: pessoas do sexo masculino (95%), negras (86%), jovens (67%) e com baixa escolaridade (78%). A análise espacial realizada demonstrou pontos de maior incidência de assassinatos no Recife, setores censitários estatisticamente significante de maior risco de morte 2012-2016 (RR=5,7; p=0,031) e 2017-2021 (RR=1,8; p=0,032) e proteção 2012-2016 (RR= 0,3; p=0,001; 0,006 p=0,014) e 2017-2021 (RR=0,1; p=0,001; RR=0,1; p=0,001),  e, a maior incidência de homicídios nos territórios com maior Indice de Privação Social (IPS).
Piloto de ensaios clínicos randômicos: o que precisamos saber?
Authors: Dos Santos Luciano Marques , Silva Bianka Sousa Martins , De Souza Erika Ribeiro , Bittencourt Isaiane Santos , Rocha Patrícia Kuerten , Kusahara Denise Miyuki
Published: September 2024

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Google Çeviri Programı Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Sıfat Yantümcelerinin Çevirisindeki Hatalar
Authors: Sargın Meltem
Published: September 2024

İnsanlar yüzyıllardır farklı kültürlerle kurdukları iletişim ve etkileşimler sonucunda çeviriye ihtiyaç duymuşlardır. Geçmişten günümüze dek süren çeviri etkinliklerine yakın geçmişte ortaya çıkan makine çevirisi programları yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Bu programlardan Google Çeviri programı en sık başvurulan çeviri araçlarından biridir. Google Çeviri, her ne kadar hızlı çeviri yapmayı sunan bir hizmet olsa da yaptığı çevirilerin doğruluğu konusunda şüphe ve tartışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Google Çeviri tarafından İngilizceden Türkçeye yapılan çevirilerde, sıfat yantümcelerinde sistematik olarak karşılaşılan çeviri hatalarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Katherina Reiss’ın çeviri hatalarını saptamak için önerdiği modelden yola çıkılarak bilgilendirici, anlatımcı ve işlevsel olmak üzere üç metin türünden oluşturulan bir bütünce üzerinde sıfat yantümcelerinin İngilizceden Türkçeye çevirileri nicel ve nitel çözümleme yöntemleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Google Çevirinin sıfat yantümcelerinin çevirisinde hatalar yaptığı, hataların sayısının metin türüne göre değiştiği belirlenmiş ve Google Çevirinin kullandığı Sinirsel Makine Çeviri yöntemi sayesinde zamanla hatalarını azaltarak daha başarılı çeviriler yapabildiği saptanmıştır.
Features of Expression of Emotions in Adolescence Girls in Cybergrooming Situations
Authors: Medvedeva A.S.
Published: September 2024

Solving the problem of cybergrooming of adolescence girls on the Internet requires an in-depth study of the characteristics of victims’ expression of their emotions in the process of online contact with cybergroomers. The experiences and emotional reactions exhibited by adolescence girls in the process of illicit communication are an indicator of their resistance or vulnerability to manipulative influence. The article presents the results of a content analysis of written dialogues between 15 cybergroomers and 111 adolescence girls, implemented on the Internet. 11 categories have been identified that determine girls’ emotions when communicating with offenders. Using factor analysis, a two-factor model of their communication was determined. It has been established that the “Infatuation” factor (feeling of love, trust and friendliness) determines vulnerability to cybergrooming, and the “Boundary Defending” factor (reluctance to obey and dissatisfaction with what is happening) determines resistance to influence. It is concluded that the system of education and development of adolescence girls should include information about the rules of Internet communication with other people.
Psychological Safety of Law Enforcement Officers in Extreme Situations
Authors: Kanunnikov R.I. , Konopleva E.A.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the psychological safety of individuals exposed to extreme conditions, with a particular focus on the likelihood of maintaining health and performance after exposure to traumatic factors. The problem, particularly in relation to employees of internal affairs bodies operating under special conditions, has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the study is to explore the components of psychological safety that are interrelated with post-traumatic symptoms in employees of internal affairs agencies. Comparative and correlation analyses were used for this study, with the comparison criterion being the presence of combat experience among employees. The empirical base of the study consists of two groups: 38 employees with combat experience and 69 employees without such experience. The theoretical positions are supported by the empirical part of the study, which confirms the existence of a relationship between the nature of post-traumatic reactions and components of psychological safety. The severity of post-traumatic symptoms in employees of internal affairs bodies serving in special conditions depends on the formation of an individual system of self-regulation, adaptability, and a sense of subjective emotional comfort.
Mistreatment and Behavior of Pet Dogs: How Will a Zoopsychologist Help a Lawyer?
Authors: Fomina A.S. , Anisimov A.P. , Volkov I.K. , Burkova V.N. , Krikunova A.A. , Abakumova I.V. , Ermakov A.M.
Published: September 2024

The analytical review formulates a scientific justification for the possibility of using indicators of the disturbing behavior of companion dogs as signs of abuse. Based on the analysis of publications presented in international databases (Elibrary, Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Academy and Scopus), approaches to the classification and interpretation of cruelty to companion dogs have been identified, on the basis of which an appropriate legislative framework has been developed. As a methodological basis that can be used in the Russian Federation, the concept of Five Freedoms and the concept of Five Domains are considered, which make it possible to analyze the contribution of various spheres of life (nutrition, health, environment) to the behavioral and psychological aspects of dog welfare. Behavioral signs are formulated that are indicators of a decrease in the level of well-being of dogs, and are available for detection by both veterinarians and specialists in other fields. These include, first of all, indicators of an increased level of anxiety. The presence of these signs can be regarded as a predictor of a decrease in the quality of life, manifestations of aggressive behavior, maladaptation, which will lead to the owner’s rejection of the animal, placement in a shelter or euthanasia.
Evaluation of methods for inoculating soybean seeds with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense in the plant nodulation and productivity
Authors: Silva Adriana Pereira da , Lucca Braccini Alessandro , Henrique Felber Pedro , Cesar Volpato Marteli Danilo , Dos Santos Lima Fagotti Dáfila , Fernanda dos Santos Rayssa
Published: September 2024

Besides replacing the mineral fertilization, the biological nitrogen fixation promoted by bacteria from genus Bradyrhizobium provides enough nitrogen to enable high yields in the soybean crop. The objective of this study was to compare the standard inoculation of a product containing Bradyrhizobium spp., either applied alone or associated to Azospirillum brasilense, to the preinoculation by seed treatment in the plant nodulation and productivity of soybean crop grains. The trial was implanted in November, 2020 in four locations (Mandaguaçu/PR, Marialva/PR, Paranavaí/PR, and Itaquiraí/MS) with different edaphoclimatic features. The design with randomized blocks was used, with seven treatments and five repetitions. The evaluated variables were number and dry mass of nodules in the beginning of flowering, dry biomass of the aerial portion, N content and total N in the aerial portion and grains, and grain yield. The results obtained in the four tests enabled to conclude that the inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. + Azospirillum brasilense by seed treatment of leaf spraying with Azospirillum showed to be technically feasible in the soybean crop.
Perfil do aleitamento materno exclusivo em uma maternidade pública do sul do Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro de Jesus Edna , Manoel Pereira Eduardo , Cristina Alves Rigo Danielle , Claudia dos Passos Aires Luana
Published: September 2024

Descrever o perfil do aleitamento materno exclusivo em uma maternidade do norte de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa observacional, descritiva e prospectiva, cujos dados sociodemográficos e referentes ao parto e lactação foram obtidos por entrevista no alojamento conjunto, prontuários e contato telefônico aos 7 e 15 dias após alta. Participaram 297 puérperas. A média de idade foi de 26,2 ± 6,3 anos. A maioria era de etnia branca, casada, com renda entre 1-5 salários-mínimos, tabagista e teve contato pele a pele na primeira hora de vida de seu bebê, com primeiro banho predominantemente entre 6 e 15 horas após nascidos e mais de 84% das puérperas mantiveram o aleitamento materno exclusivo aos 7 e 15 dias. Foi observada alta prevalência do aleitamento exclusivo e seus benefícios devem posicionar a equipe de saúde na adoção de estratégias de incentivo à amamentação.
Diagnosis and treatment of duodenal fistula in a child: case report
Authors: Peredereev Sergey S. , Svarich Vyacheslav G. , Tikhomirov Aleksandr I. , Ti Roman A. , Oleinikova Yulia A.
Published: September 2024

In children, duodenal fistulas are often formed against the background of foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract (nails and magnetic balls), rarely congenital fistulas. A patient aged 7 years and 9 months was treated for a duodenal fistula in surgical department no. 3 of the clinical hospital of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The patient has had repeated vomiting and loose stools since 2023, which were interpreted as an intestinal infection. An overview X-ray of the abdominal organs revealed two X-ray contrast foreign bodies, presumably batteries. In obtaining additional medical history, it was found that the child swallowed the batteries in the presence of his parents on March 3, 2024. In dynamics, after 3 days, the foreign bodies left the patient’s gastrointestinal tract naturally. A long-term, multicomponent examination showed a small-colonic fistula. Further, the EGD with X-ray navigation revealed that the small-colonic fistula was a duodenum-rim fistula. Laparoscopic separation and suturing of the duodenum-rim fistula was performed using a stitching device. After the surgical treatment, clinical improvements were noted: the child’s appetite improved, the patient gained approximately 1 kilogram in weight, the patient’s stool became decorated up to 2–3 times a day, and vomiting did not repeat. Additionally, control ultrasound of the abdominal cavity displayed no pathology. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition under the supervision of a pediatric surgeon and gastroenterologist at her place of residence. Duodenal fistulas are diagnosed using imaging research methods. The most appropriate method is an X-ray contrast examination of the gastrointestinal tract, which can show the fistula and its extent and localization. Moreover, endoscopic fistulography is an effective diagnostic method. Surgical treatment of duodenal fistulas can be open or laparoscopic. In the current study, the duodenal fistula was probably congenital in nature. However, considering the neurological status and concomitant disease of the child, it can be assumed that the formation of a fistula was caused by ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies.
Chronic duodenal obstruction in isolated malrotation of the duodenum in a 17-year-old girl
Authors: Morozov Dmitry A. , Ayrapetyan Maxim I. , Sukhodolskaya Olga V. , Grigoryan Lilit D.
Published: September 2024

Complications of intestinal malrotation commonly manifest in the first months of life. However, cases of diagnosis in later age, including in adults, have been described. The clinical presentation is highly variable, and a significant amount of time often passes before the accurate diagnosis is made. This study presents a clinical case of a 17-year-old girl with chronic duodenal obstruction caused by isolated malrotation and fixation of the duodenum. Considering the patient’s comorbidities and developmental disorders, the diagnostic search was significantly challenging. In this situation, surgery involves mobilization of the duodenum and correction of the pathological fixation. However, considering the significant changes in the duodenal wall and the combined pathology, duodenojejunostomy was performed. Despite the additional surgical intervention, the postoperative period was characterized by prolonged gastric–duodenal stasis. Adequate diet, frequent feeding with a mixture, maximal “verticalization,” and activation of the patient played a key role in alleviating anastomositis and motor disturbances after the operation. Thus, using a strictly individualized approach to treat adolescents with a complex of surgical and therapeutic pathology and psychiatric disorders results in a satisfactory treatment outcome.
For the 75th anniversary of Igor I. Babich
Authors: Cherkasov Mikhail F.
Published: September 2024

This article describes the professional activities and merits of pediatric surgeon Igor I. Babich in celebration of his anniversary.
Análisis de eficiencia de la gestión departamental del FONACIDE de Paraguay. Período 2015-2017
Authors: Cuenca-López Anibal David
Published: September 2024

Paraguay ha aumentado la inversión en educación en la última década por medio del Fondo Nacional de Inversión Pública y Desarrollo (FONACIDE) cuya finalidad consiste en abordar las carencias que afectan a la educación paraguaya. Entonces, considerando la creciente preocupación por la gestión de los recursos públicos dada la escasa infraestructura y el deficiente servicio del almuerzo escolar, en este trabajo se pretende analizar la eficiencia de la gestión de los gastos públicos en educación del FONACIDE de los departamentos de Paraguay durante el período 2015 a 2017, a través de la aplicación de la técnica Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) con análisis de ventana y retornos variables de escala con orientación producto. La técnica DEA con análisis de ventana consiste en medir el nivel de eficiencia de varias Decision Making Units (DMUs) en diferentes períodos de tiempo basado en el principio de promedios móviles. Los resultados muestran que la ineficiencia técnica pura media nacional es del 11,04%, por tanto, los departamentos en general podrían mejorar sus indicadores educativos utilizando los mismos niveles de financiamiento. Además, el mayor acceso a recursos no está vinculado a mejores rendimientos educativos. Por tanto, para potenciar el rendimiento educativo es necesario establecer otros criterios de redistribución presupuestaria del FONACIDE, considerando la necesidad de infraestructura y número de alumnos matriculados por departamento.
Evaluation of the labor and educational impact of PROGRESAR
Authors: Leone Julián Gabriel , Marconi Fermín , Favata Federico , Lo Cascio Jorge Damián
Published: September 2024

Programa de Apoyo a los Estudiantes Argentinos (PROG.R.ES.AR) is a conditional cash transfer targeted to students from disadvantaged households. This program intends to tackle youth disparities encouraging youth’s human capital investments to improve labor profiles. In terms of population reach and fiscal effort, PROG.R.ES.AR is the main policy aimed at young people in Argentina and one of the most relevant in Latin America. This work identifies and tracks its beneficiaries over time, in order to evaluate the impact of the program through labor indicators as well as educational achievements. Difference-in-difference and discontinuous regression methodologies were used. The results do not allow us to account for a significant impact on the activity and employment rates of the program’s beneficiaries, nor for an improvement in educational achievement
Application Regulation Finance to Business Process Management Through and Adaption Technology on Smes in Makassar City
Authors: Arifin Andi Harmoko , Geraldina Ira , Kardini Ni Luh , Rizkillah Muhammad
Published: September 2024

This research aims to examine variables related to the implementation of FinTech on SMEs in Makassar City using a quantitative research approach. Variables studied are related to Financial Regulations, Adoption Technology, and Business Process Management. The sampling technique in this research was stratified sampling, dividing groups or categories, and then these categories were selected using simple random or systematic samples. All variables used use instruments with several indicators and parameters that help the quantitative data analysis process. Quantitative analysis calculations using statistical methods using the software Structural Equation Model (SEM) PLS. The research results showed that a direct relationship between technology and business process management had a positive and significant effect. In contrast, FinTech had a positive and significant effect on business process management, regulation finance, and the adoption of technology. There was a direct influence between regulation finance's positive and significant effect on FinTech as well as indirect influences. Regulation Finance has a positive and significant effect on Business Process Management through Adaptation Technology. However, Regulation Finance does not have a significant effect on Business Process Management through FinTech.
Interest of the sentinel node in the case of infiltrating T1 luminal a breast carcinoma: retrospective study at the gynaecology department of the Francois Quesnay Mante-La-Jolie hospital, France
Authors: Raou Kassé , Charles Kakou , Kinifo Yeo , Chrisostome Boussou , Alexis Yao , Issa Ouattara , Serge Boni , Joseph Bakar
Published: September 2024

Background: During these last twenty years, technic of sentinel lymph node (SLN) stayed the gold standard for axillary exploration, an alternative to axillary dissection in the surgical management of breast cancer. Objective of the study was to make an inventory of the technic of the sentinel lymph node technique in forms T1 Luminal A breast cancers.
Methods: It was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of one year (March 2022 to March 2023) in the Gynecology department, François Quesnay hospital, in Mantes-La Jolie (France). Out of 103 files studied, we included 50 patients who had undergone sentinel lymph node excision for T1 luminal A breast cancers with non-palpable and non-detectable lymph nodes on imaging. The parameters studied were epidemiological data, clinical data and paraclinical data. The Chi2 test (α=5%) made it possible to compare the groups (p<0.05 and CI=95%).
Results: The sentinel lymph node excision rate was 48.5%. The median age was 59 years.  The epidemiological profile was as follows: Postmenopausal patients (70%), with family history of breast cancer (36%).  The circumstances of discovery were: The perception of a breast mass (94%) and the screening examination (34%). The histological lesions were infiltrating ductal carcinomas in 94% of cases and 60% located in the right breast. There were 12 (24%) lymph node metastatic lesions, including 5 macrometastases and 7 micrometastases. There was no link between metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes and age, menopause, family history of breast cancer, concept of screening, histological type. The Chi square was respectively 0; 1.34; 0.05; 0.41; 1.01. There was a link when the cancer was located in the right breast (chi2=10.52 and p=0.001), [CI = (12.16-35.84)].
Conclusions: There was no link between metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes and luminal histological type A, T1.  Furthermore, there was a link between metastatic involvement of the sentinel lymph node and the right-sided location of breast cancer. Is this linked to the predominance of cancer in the right breast?
Predictors of electrolyte derangement among women with obstructed labor delivering from referral hospitals in rural western Uganda: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Elioba John Luate Raimon , Ishimwe Marie Pascaline Sabine , Kusolo Isaac , Hakizimana Theoneste
Published: September 2024

Background: Obstructed labor is regarded as one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in environments with minimal resources, including Uganda. We aimed to determining the prevalence and predictors of electrolyte derangement among women with obstructed labor delivering from Referral Hospitals in western Uganda.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from labor suits of Hoima and Fortportal regional referral hospitals from May to August 2023. 295 mothers were consecutively recruited and structured questionnaire was used to get data used for analysis. Descriptive statistics followed by binary logistic regression were conducted to achieve the study objectives using Stata version 14.2.
Results: Out of 295 respondents, 182 (62%) had electrolyte derangement. The most common pattern of electrolyte derangement was hyponatremia 138 (43%) followed by hypocalcaemia 67 (21%). Primary level of education (OR=0.4; 95%CI: 0.199-0.752; p=0.045), fasting in labor (OR=4.2; 95%CI: 2.281-7.996; p=<0.001) and herbal medicine use in labor (OR=4.3; 95%CI: 1.875-9.924, p=0.001) were independently associated with electrolyte derangement.
Conclusions: The prevalence of electrolyte derangement was high compared to the reported national prevalence. Hyponatremia was the most common pattern of electrolyte derangement. Herbal medicine uses in labor, fasting during labor and maternal education were predictive for electrolyte derangement. There is a need for routine assessment of electrolytes in patients with obstructed labor. Attempts to correct hyponatremia should be made in a situation where electrolyte assessment cannot be done.
Elagolix as GnRH antagonist in controlled ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination
Authors: Munmun Sadia Afrin , Sultana Nighat , Yasmin Mahamuda , Akhter Dilruba , Ishrat Shakeela
Published: September 2024

Background: Controlled ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins may be complicated by premature luteinizing hormone surge and premature luteinization. Premature LH surge and premature luteinization can be inhibited by GnRH antagonists so that gonadotropin stimulation can be extended, enabling the appropriate development of more than one follicle. Elagolix is an oral GnRH antagonist used in treatment of endometriosis. Elagolix, like injectable GnRH antagonists, may be applied for preventing premature luteinization. Objective was to compare the effects of elagolix with no elagolix on preventing premature luteinization in ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination, on the day of trigger.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on a total of 60 infertile women selected for ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination. The women were given ovarian stimulation with tab letrozole and injectable gonadotropins. Transvaginal ultrasound for folliculometry was done from day 8 onwards. When the leading follicle was at least 14 mm, the women were assigned into two groups. Elagolix 150 mg once daily was added and continued to the day of trigger in the intervention group. Patients in the control group did not receive elagolix as described above. Premature LH surge (serum LH≥10) and premature luteinization (serum LH≥10 IU/l and serum progesterone ≥1 ng/ml) were assessed on the day of trigger.
Results: Twenty-six women in the elagolix group and 26 in the control arm completed the study. There was total absence of premature LH surge and premature luteinization in the elagolix group as compared to the 30.8% and 23.1% respectively in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical pregnancy rates.
Conclusions: Elagolix, an oral GnRH antagonist, when applied to controlled ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination, eliminate premature luteal surge and premature luteinization. But there is no improvement in clinical pregnancy rate.
Knowledge and decision making in the choice between caesarean section and vaginal delivery
Authors: Nazneen Sohely , Akter Dilruba , Mahejabeen  , Ferdousi Shammi Sultana , Debi Mina Rani , Aryan Kazi M. Shams
Published: September 2024

Background: The decision-making process regarding the choice between caesarean section (CS) and normal vaginal delivery (NVD) is influenced by various socio-demographic, cultural, and healthcare factors. This study aims to explore these factors among antenatal patients in Bangladesh.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the institute of child and mother health, Matuail, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2023 to June 2023. A total of 200 antenatal patients attending the antenatal care (ANC) clinic were included. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical record reviews, focusing on socio-demographic variables, healthcare access, cultural influences, and perceived safety regarding delivery methods. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.
Result: The majority of participants were aged 21-30 years (68%), predominantly Muslim (93.5%), and from urban areas (62%). Most were homemakers (75%) with secondary (37.5%) or higher secondary education (28%). Economic status showed 78.5% had a monthly income of 10,001-50,000 BDT. Early marriage (≤18 years) was prevalent (44.5%), with 31% having their first pregnancy at or before 18 years. Most pregnancies were planned (80.5%) and spontaneous (89%), with 88% receiving regular antenatal care. Decision-making for delivery methods involved relatives alone (21%) and husbands alone (19%), with 78% preferring NVD and 22% preferring CS.
Conclusion: The study reveals that socio-demographic and cultural factors significantly influence delivery method preferences among pregnant women in Bangladesh. There is a need for educational interventions to promote informed decision-making and enhance maternal healthcare services.
Ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length versus Bishop score for prediction of successful induction of labor
Authors: Rai Snigdha , Pande Prabhat B. , Poudel Sandesh , Upadhyaya Preetam C. , Shah Pushkal
Published: September 2024

Background: Induction of labor is a commonly used procedure by obstetrician which denotes artificially stimulating uterine contraction and initiating labor. This study aims to compare transvaginal measurement of cervical length and Modified Bishop score for the prediction of successful labor induction.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study done at Paropakar maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from September 2021 to August 2022.  274 term pregnant women admitted for induction of labor were included in the study. Transvaginal sonography and Modified Bishop scoring were done within 24 hours prior to induction. Vaginal delivery within 24 hours of labor induction was considered as successful.
Results: Among 274 patients that were included in the study, 203 (74.08%) of the induced patients had vaginal delivery within 24 hours and 70 (25.9%) had induction failure. Majority of the patient belonged to the reproductive age group of 19-35 years (239, 85.9%) and most of them were primigravida 157 (56.7%). The sensitivity and specificity of transvaginal cervical length and Modified Bishop Score was 72% and 66.8% vs 24% and 85%. The overall accuracy of prediction of successful labor induction was higher for transvaginal cervical length (72% vs 35%).
Conclusions: Transvaginal measurement of cervical length is more accurate in predicting success of labor induction in compared to Modified Bishop Score.
Missed opportunities for antenatal syphilis testing and its associated factors among mothers delivered at fort portal regional referral hospital, Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hakizimana Theoneste , Ishimwe Marie Pascaline Sabine , Fajardo Yarine , Adoch Christine Olwedo , Paul-Chima Agwu Okechukwu , Kajabwangu Rogers
Published: September 2024

Background: The global effort to eradicate mother to child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis concentrated on attaining antenatal syphilis screening and treatment; nevertheless, there is lack of data about the accessibility of prenatal screening and treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aimed at determining the proportion of missed opportunities for antenatal syphilis testing and associated factors among mothers in rural western Uganda delivered at Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital (FRRH).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from postnatal ward of FRRH from April to July 2022.  Consecutive sampling of 381 participants was done. A structured pretested questionnaire was used to obtain Sociodemographic details and other factors required for analysis. Using SPSS version 22.0, descriptive statistical analysis was done and binary logistic regression was computed to determine factors associated with missed opportunities for antenatal syphilis testing with a significance level of 5% and 95% confidence interval.
Results: The proportion of missed opportunities for syphilis testing was 124 (32.5%). lack of syphilis test counseling (aOR= 4.3 [2.009-9.438], lack of knowledge of syphilis MTCT (aOR= 3.1 [1.120-8.903], lack of transport (aOR= 10.7 [3.116-36.810] and fear of testing (aOR= 4.3 [1.075-17.484] were found to be independently associated factors after multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Our study findings demonstrated the need of sensitization of healthcare providers including antenatal care (ANC) staff about the role of identifying mothers who missed antenatal syphilis testing while in postnatal ward for education, counselling and testing.
Clomiphene citrate prevents premature luteinization in stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles
Authors: Sultana Nighat , Munmun Sadia Afrin , Akhter Dilruba , Yasmin Mahamuda , Ishrat Shakeela
Published: September 2024

Background: Approximately 13-36% of ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination cycles are complicated by premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist has been traditionally used to prevent a premature LH surge and premature luteinization in ovarian stimulation cycles. Clomiphene citrate, which competitively inhibits estrogen binding to estrogen receptors, may be used to prevent premature luteinization and premature LH surge in ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins prior to intrauterine insemination (IUI). The objective was to compare the effects of clomiphene citrate with placebo on prevention of premature luteinization in ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination cycles.
Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2022. A total of 76 participants had ovarian stimulation with tab letrozole and injection r-FSH. Transvaginal ultrasound for folliculometry was done from day 8 onwards as needed. When the leading follicle was at least 14 mm, women were randomly assigned to clomiphene citrate group (n=38) or placebo group (n=38). They were given clomiphene citrate 150 mg or placebo daily up to the day of trigger. Premature LH surge and premature luteinization were assessed on the day of trigger.
Results: Premature luteinization was significantly lower in patients given clomiphene citrate compared to women given placebo (16.7% versus 47.1%, p<0.01). Premature LH surge was also lower in participants given clomiphene citrate but the difference was not statistically significant (47.2% versus 52.9%, p<0.811). Pregnancy rate with clomiphene citrate was higher (11.1% versus 2.9%) than that with placebo.
Conclusions: The addition of clomiphene citrate to gonadotropins in mid to late follicular period decreases the risk of premature luteinization and improves pregnancy rate.
Effectiveness of the OZiva® plant-based HerBalance supplement in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a real-world evidence study
Authors: Upadhyay Ratna , Gadani Mihir C. , Tendulkar Nikita S.
Published: September 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex heterogeneous endocrine disorder that is characterized by polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of OZiva® Plant Based HerBalance for PCOS (HBPCOS) supplement therapy on females suffering from symptoms and signs of PCOS.
Methods: This study employed a retrospective, questionnaire-based design to gather real-world evidence. A total of 153 female participants between the age range of 20-50 years diagnosed with PCOS or related symptoms were enrolled in this study. Primary data was collected using an electronic diary, capturing demographic characteristics and pre- treatment and post-treatment statuses of PCOS clinical signs and symptoms.
Results: In this, Female participants, with an average age of 28.70 ± 5.34 years. years and a history of PCOS for an average duration of 3 months, were recruited. Of the female participants, >87% of those with menstrual cramps, >92% with menstrual bleeding issues, 80% with acne, 64% with excess facial hair, 74% with weight management issues, 61% with difficulty conceiving, and >68% with irregular menses experienced complete or partial resolution of their symptoms after three months of consuming OZiva® HBPCOS. There was a statistically significant improvement in symptoms across the participants.
Conclusion: This study shows that PCOS-related infertility, obesity/difficulty managing weight, menstrual issues, and dermatological symptoms/signs have been significantly reduced after consuming OZiva® HBPCOS product for 3 months.
Indications and risk factors of blood transfusion in obstetrics and gynaecology
Authors: Laul Poonam , Sampath Akhila B. , Miglani Urvashi , Jindal Rikita , Yadav Usha
Published: September 2024

Background: Blood transfusion services are vital to maternal health because obstetric hemorrhage has been the foremost cause of maternal mortality in India. The purpose of the study is to study the indications and risk factors of transfusion of blood products in patients of obstetrics and gynaecology. The secondary objective is to study the type of early post blood transfusion reactions and percentage of patients referred from peripheral centre due to non-availability of blood transfusion centres
Methods: A prospective cohort and observational study at Deen Dayal Upadhyay hospital, a New Delhi, India.
Results: 21 to 30 years was the most common age group to receive blood transfusion. The 86.70 percent of the subjects requiring transfusion were of low socioeconomic status. 57.60 percent were not booked at any institute. The 60% of the patients were referred from elsewhere. Chronic anemia was most common associated haematological comorbidity (15.20%). The 85% received single component therapy transfusion. Amongst the patients receiving transfusion 11.2% had gynaecological disorder. The most common indication for transfusion was anemia in pregnancy. The 98.40% of the patients had no immediate or delayed blood transfusion reaction.
Conclusions: Anemia in pregnancy is most common and important cause of transfusion of blood in antenatal population in Northern India. Anemia is a preventable condition. Operational blood storage systems at peripheral centres can reduce referral to tertiary care centre for blood transfusion. Transfusion of cross matched and screened blood components under supervision is extremely safe.
Study of knowledge, attitude and practice about polycystic ovarian syndrome among PCOS patients
Authors: S. R. Ranjana , B. S. Sreelekshmy , Babu Bincy
Published: September 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with hormonal imbalance affecting the reproductive age. Adequate knowledge and attitude play a vital role in practice of disease. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about polycystic ovarian syndrome among PCOS patients in south Kerala.
Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive study carried out among PCOS patients in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 4 months which included data collection. The 200 subjects were classified based on inclusion and exclusion criteria out of which 38 subjects were lost to follow up hence a total of 162 patients were included in the study.
Results: Majority of subjects had good knowledge (85.8%), attitude (69.8%) and practice (53.7%) towards the PCOS. There was a statistically significant association between knowledge towards PCOS and demographic characteristics (education) and there is also significance in case of association between attitude and education. Hence, there is no association between practice and demographic details. The knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, attitude and practice were found to have a positive association between them towards PCOS. There was no link between age groups and medication adherence levels.
Conclusion: The presents study provides variable insights into the knowledge, attitude and practice towards PCOS among PCOS patients, offers guidance and resource for the future study. The healthcare providers should consider effective communication with PCOS patients. These findings help in implementing awareness towards PCOS and its early detection.
Ultrasound evaluation of caesarean section uterine scar and its correlation to intraoperative scar thickness
Authors: Leelapalli Anusha , Priyadarshinee Barsha
Published: September 2024

Background: The number of caesarean sections performed has skyrocketed in recent decades. The most frequent indication for a caesarean section is a previous caesarean birth. The goal of the current study was to compare the lower uterine scar thickness in pregnant with history of previous caesarean delivery as determined by sonography with the actual scar condition at the time of surgery.
Methods: The study involved 100 pregnant women between gestational age of 35 completed weeks and 38 weeks with history of previous caesarean delivery and were attended to OPD for antenatal checkups in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, SCBMCH, over a period of one year from 1st June 2019 till 31st June 2020. Who underwent transabdominal ultrasonography. The lower uterine segment [LUS] thickness was measured by measuring the interphases between the myometrium, the Chori amniotic membrane, and the bladder wall. The patients were followed up and correlated ultrasound findings of lower uterine segment thickness with intra-operative finding of lower uterine segment thickness. Pearson correlation is the statistical method used to measure correlation.
Results: Correlation of ultrasound scar thickness and intra-operative scar thickness was evaluated by correlation coefficient (r value) i.e., 0.405 and p value i.e., 0.001.
Conclusion: According to the current study, decreased uterine scar thickness, as determined by sonography, is a reliable indicator of scar defect in women who have had prior caesarean operations. Thus, sonographic measurement of the thickness of the lower uterine segment can properly assess scar status and the choice to offer women a trial of vaginal birth and precautions can be taken.
A comparative study of spontaneously conceived twin pregnancies vs. twins conceived by assisted reproductive techniques and their maternal and perinatal outcomes: a prospective observational study
Authors: Nazneen Sarah , Kandasamy Vijayalakshmi , Shinde Ranoji V.
Published: September 2024

Background: The utilization of assisted reproductive techniques has led to a notable increase in the incidence of twin pregnancies. Neonates from multifetal gestations also make up a disproportionate percentage of very-low-birthweight newborns and have increased risks of having congenital malformations and preterm birth. This study was done to compare the maternal and and perinatal outcomes of spontaneously conceived twins and those twins conceived by assisted reproductive techniques.
Methods: The present hospital based observational study was done at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India over a period of 36 months between February 2021 to January 2024 among pregnant women with twin gestation attending the outpatient department during the study period. 50 antenatal mothers with twin pregnancy and 50 pairs of twins were studied. Convenient sampling technique was adopted. The subjects were followed up from the booking visit, till the postpartum discharge day. Any adverse maternal, foetal, neonatal outcomes and the treatment given were studied.
Results: The mean birth weight among those with spontaneous conception and assisted reproductive techniques conception was 2.23±0.46 kgs and 2.02±0.51 kgs, respectively. Both the groups were similar with regard to the birth weight. 6.6% babies from the spontaneous conception group and 5% from the assisted reproductive techniques conception group were admitted for respiratory distress and rest from both the groups got admitted for sepsis. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.58±2.40 days for the spontaneous conception group and 3.75±2.71 days for assisted reproductive techniques conception.
Conclusions: This study concludes that the maternal and fetal outcomes of twin deliveries conceived spontaneously or through assisted reproductive techniques do not differ significantly in their outcome.
Retrospective observational study to assess clinical impact of ferric pyrophosphate supplementation in antenatal settings of India (FEMINA study)
Authors: Gandhi Alpesh , Bhatt Hemant , Patel Meeta , Nidhankar Prajakta , Kakkad Ashutosh , Chouksey Narendra , Korukonda Krishnaprasad
Published: September 2024

Background: Globally, anemia during pregnancy is a major public health concern. Conventional iron supplements limit their effectiveness due to poor absorption, water solubility and untoward GI side effects. This study assessed the clinical impact and safety of Micronized Microencapsulated Ferric Pyrophosphate (MMFP) supplementation in an antenatal setting of India.
Methods: Real world, cross-sectional, single-arm, observational study in 814 patients from 122 clinics across India. Study done with central IEC approval in accordance with ICH-GCP and Helsinki Declaration. Descriptive and analytical statistics applied for study endpoints using SPSS ver. 29.0.1.0(171).
Results: 814 pregnant women data was analysed with a mean age (29.39±3.98 years) and weight (59.48±8.14 kg). 61.79% patients were multiparous. 50.12% women were in their second trimester of pregnancy. Thyroid diseases were commonest comorbidity (21.25%). Mild anemia (37.35%) and moderate anemia (50.49%) were more prevalent. Hemoglobin levels showed significant improvement from 9.46±1.27 g/dl to 10.95±1.47 g/dl at 12 weeks (p<0.0001). Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and serum ferritin also showed significant improvement from 85.31±9.49 fl to 90.93±8.51 fl and from 103.06±61.91 ng/ml to 164.42±79.61 ng/ml at 12 weeks (p<0.0001) respectively. Consistent improvement seen in three parameters irrespective of diet patterns or anemia severity at baseline. 12 weeks MMFP supplementation showed significant surge in patients having Hb (>11 g/dl) to 62.03% from 9.58% at baseline. Furthermore, MMFP demonstrated favourable safety profile, with only five mild adverse events observed, unrelated to the treatment.
Conclusions: MMFP supplementation is a valuable therapeutic option for managing iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.
A study of maternal and foetal outcomes in eclampsia: at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Gaikwad Priyanka , Gawandi Prabhakar S. , Sathe Vijaysinh
Published: September 2024

Background: Eclampsia is a life-threatening emergency that continues to be a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. In India figure ranges from 8-14% and perinatal mortality ranges from 14.6% to 47.4%. The present study was done with 260 cases of eclampsia who got admitted in our institute.
Methods: It was a prospective observational type of study which was conducted on all pregnant women with more than 20 weeks of gestation having eclampsia who were admitted at our tertiary care centre from October 2018-October 2019.
Results: In our study most of the pregnant mother belongs to the age group of 20-24 years (51.2%.) 85% did not have proper antenatal checkups. The 65.8% eclamptic patients were primi gravida and 44.4% had gestational age less than 37 weeks. More than half patients underwent caesarean for delivery and 48.15% required ICU care. The incidence of maternal mortality in the present study was 4.16% and the common causes for death were pulmonary edema, DIC, status eclampticus with aspiration pneumonia and acute kidney injury. In our study according to maturity of babies almost 56% cases were term and 35.2% babies had birth weight in the range of 2000-2500 gm. The perinatal mortality was 27.7% and corrected perinatal mortality, excluding cases of absent FHS at admission was 22.8%.
Conclusions: Eclampsia continues to be an enigma in spite of great advances in the field of obstetrics. With better antenatal care, early recognition and hospital treatment of severe pre-eclampsia patients, the incidence of eclampsia can be decreased.