bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BEARING CAPACITY, DEFORMITY AND CRACK RESISTANCE OF DAMAGED BEAMS REINFORCED WITH FIBER CONCRETE
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Neutov S.P. , Yesvandzhyia V.Yu. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: March 2024

The results of experimental studies of the load-bearing capacity, deformability and crack resistance of damaged beams reinforced with fiber concrete in the compressed and stretched zone are presented. Test samples are made of concrete and fiber concrete. The amount of steel fiber in fiber concrete is 2% of the volume of the product. Preliminary tests were carried out on prisms and cubes. During the manufacture of beam samples, before concreting, a foam insert was installed in the area of planned damage, the shape and dimensions of which corresponded to the damage. After the concrete set to 70% grade strength, the liner was pulled out, and the resulting cavity was filled with a 2% mixture of fiber concrete. Tests of material samples showed that the introduction of steel fiber into the composition of concrete in the amount of 2% by volume increases the compressive strength limit by 15.3%. The initial modulus of elasticity of fiber concrete of the specified mixture is 38.0% higher than that of ordinary concrete of this composition. Conducted experimental studies of damaged beams showed that a beam whose cross-section is 40% damaged in the middle-compressed zone, and the shape of the damage is close to rectangular, has a load-bearing capacity of 92.0 kN, or 93.9% of the load-bearing capacity of an undamaged beam. Cracking started at the 4th loading stage, when the load value was 26.0kN, i.e. 28.3% of the bearing capacity of the damaged beam. The maximum final crack opening width was 0.6 mm. A beam whose section is 40% damaged in the mid-stretch zone has a load-bearing capacity of 92.4 kN, or 93.2% of the load-bearing capacity of an undamaged beam. Cracking started at the 5th loading stage, when the load was 32.5kN, i.e. 35.2% of the bearing capacity of the damaged beam. The maximum final crack opening width was 0.8 mm. It is claimed that the strengthening of a beam with 40% damage in the compressed or stretched zone in the manner considered in the paper is effective, as it allows achieving its load-bearing capacity, which is more than 93% of the load-bearing capacity of an undamaged beam.
XVI International Congress on Cement Chemistry – “Further Decarbonization and Circular Production and the Use of Cement and Concrete”
Authors: Rahimova N. R. , Rahimov R. Z.
Published: March 2024

One of the authors is a participant in the XVI International Congress on Cement Chemistry (ICCC 2023), which was held in Bangkok (Thailand) on September 18–22, 2023 under the motto “Further decarbonization and recycling production and application of cement and concrete.” Statistical data, thematic areas of the congress are presented and some reports are presented, the content of which may be of most interest to Russian specialists.
Optimization of Process Parameters Based on Machine Learning and Determination of Relative Importance of Process Variables on Jute Ply Yarn Breaking Extension
Authors:   Office of the Development Officer, University of North Bengal, West Bengal, PIN - 734013 India, Paul Palash , Mukhopadhyay Asis ,   Department of Jute and Fibre Technology, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, PIN – 700019, India
Published: March 2024

The breaking extension of jute ply yarn is comparatively low and ordinarily varies from 1.5 – 3.5% depending upon the process parameters like number of plies, single yarn twist factor and ply to single yarn twist ratio. To achieve various levels of jute ply yarn breaking extension within the above range, optimization of the three process variables was done in this study using a machine learning-based decision tree. For such optimization, twenty-seven different types of jute ply yarns were produced using three levels of singles' twist factor, number of ply and ply-to-single twist ratio. A total of 216 observed breaking extension values of these yarns were used for regression-based machine learning wherein 67% of test data were used to train the mode and the remaining 33% of test data were used for validation. An 8-node decision tree thus achieved from the model was used for the optimization process. A boxplot vs. terminal node graph was also used for classified optimization of ply breaking extension for various levels. The study conducted in this work reveals that the breaking extension of jute ply yarn varies directly with the number of plies, where 4-ply jute yarn produces maximum breaking extension and 2-ply produces the minimum. It was also observed that the decision tree was useful for the judicial selection of process parameters to achieve various levels of jute ply yarn breaking extension, wherein, it was found that the critical values for ply to single yarn twist ratio and single yarn twist factor were 0.80 and 26. The study also shows that apart from the individual influence of the variables on the breaking extension of ply yarns, interactions between variables also influence the breaking extension of jute ply yarn.
Influence of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4) on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fibre Reinforced Polyester Resin Composites
Authors:   Department of Textile Engineering, National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Nurunnabi Md. , Belal Shah Alimuzzaman ,   Department of Fabric Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh, Uddin Borhan ,   Central Engineering Facilities (Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission), Dhaka, Bangladesh, Khan Ruhul Amin ,   Institutes of Radiation and Polymer Technology (Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission), Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: March 2024

Natural fibres, which are recyclable and environment friendly, are becoming more popular than synthetic fibres which are commonly utilized in manufacturing composite materials. Scientists have drawn attention to natural fibres because of their availability, cost-effectiveness, and biodegradability. Recently, it has been popular practice to include natural fibres in composite materials for industrial uses. The research deals with the fabrication of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) reinforced polyester composites prepared from PALF used as reinforcement with 6 wt% (weight fraction). Synthesized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was used as filler in different weight fractions such as 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 % to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the fabricated composites. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized by one-step heating methods from scrap melamine. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to characterize g-C3N4 and ensured successful synthesis. According to the results, the composite with 0.75 wt% of g-C3N4 has a higher modulus and tensile strength. Tensile strength increases as g-C3N4 weight percentages rise, demonstrating the filler's beneficial effects. The appearance of cracks in PALF/polyester composites with g-C3N4 was captured by scanning electron microscopy, which points to the morphological changes arising after tensile testing. With the addition of g-C3N4 in several weight percentages, the thermal resistance and water repellency of composites were significantly improved. Overall, this research reveals the effect of filler weight percentage on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PALF/polyester composite. The investigation concludes that a defined weight proportion of g-C3N4 with PALF and polyester resin produces composite materials with acceptable mechanical properties suitable for engineering applications where composites are best.
Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Ira Gustina  , Siti Afrida
Published: March 2024

Penelitian bertujuan menguji pengaruh kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan sistem pengendalian intern terhadap kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 70 penjabat dan pegawai pengelola keuangan pada Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir yang terdiri dari pegawai Honorer, pegawai/staff yang bekerja di bagian keuangan, kepala OPD di OPD Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir selaku pengambil keputusan dalam menggunakan anggaran dan menggunakan barang. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini ialah dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden penelitian. Kuesioner yang disebarkan ialah 70 kuesioner, dan terdapat 50 kuesioner yang kembali dan dapat diolah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah analisi regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menunjukan hasil bahwa 1) kompetensi sumber daya manusia berpengaruh positif  dan signifikan terhadap kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, 2) sistem pengendalian intern tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Nilai koefisiensi determinasi (Adjust R Square) sebesar 0,333 atau 33.3% yang berarti Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir dipengaruhi oleh Kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan sistem pengendalian intern sebesar 33,3%.
Perhitungan, Pemotongan Dan Pelaporan Pajak Penghasilan (PPH) Pasal 23 Terhadap Jasa Outsourcing Pada PT. Karang Putih Sejati Padang
Authors: Melli Herfina  , Ade Rahmawati
Published: March 2024

Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 23 yaitu pajak penghasilan yang dikenakan atas penghasilan wajib pajak dalam negeri atau bentuk usaha tetap yang menerima atau memperoleh penghasilan yang berasal dari modal, penyerahan jasa, atau penyelenggaraan kegiatan selain yang dipotong pajak sebagaimana yang dimaksud dalam PPh Paal 21. Salah satu yang menjadi objek pajak yang dipotong PPh Paal 23 adalah Jasa Outsourcing. Jasa Outsourcing merupakan jasa yang diserahkan oleh tenaga kerja kepada pengguna jasa tenaga kerja dengan menerima imbalan dalam bentuk gaji, upah, honorarium, tunjangan dan sejenisnya. Tujuan tugas akhir ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perhitugan, pemotongan dan pelaporan pajak penghasilan pasal 23 atas jasa outsourcing. Metode penelitan yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif yaitu metode yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan dan membahas keadaan perusahaan berdasarkan fakta yang ada sesuai objek dengan cara studi lapangan yang terdiri dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perhitungan, pemotongan dan pelaporan PPh pasal 23 sudah sesuai dengan tarif dan dasar pengenaan pajak.
IMPACT OF ENGLISH SONG IN VOCABULARY LEARNING : A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT A JUNIOR ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Pravitasari Hikmah , Rahmah Amila Yashila
Published: March 2024

Pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test was used in this study to determine whether there is any positive or negative effect on students' vocabulary mastery after they are taught using English songs. This study's instruments were a written vocabulary test and a field note. The researchers employed English songs combined with a Vocabulary self-collection (VSS) technique in the treatment to improve students' vocabulary acquisition. The mean pre-test score for 39 students in the eighth grade at an Islamic junior high school was 48,71, and the mean post-test score was 80, 89. The mean results of the pre-test and post-test demonstrated a significant improvement in students' vocabulary mastery. The t-test's p-value (sig-2-tailed) was 0.00, which is less than 0.05. This outcome indicated that Ho was refused but Ha was authorized. It was able to prove that gaining vocabulary in the eighth grade of an Islamic junior high school utilizing an English song and VSS had a positive impact on students' vocabulary mastery. The main teaching implication of this study is that when an English song is combined with specific teaching and learning objectives and supported by learning assessment through VSS, it might assist students in learning English vocabulary effectively.
Strategies for Management and Long-term Surveillance of Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Balancing Efficacy and Quality of Life
Authors: Tao Dahuang
Published: March 2024

Pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) presents unique challenges distinct from its adult counterparts, including higher rates of multifocality, regional lymph node involvement, and distant metastases. This article reviews the latest advancements and controversies in the surgical management, postoperative care, and long-term surveillance of pediatric DTC, emphasizing the importance of a tailored approach based on individual risk assessments. The evolving landscape of treatment strategies aims to balance the imperative of effective cancer control with the need to mitigate long-term adverse effects and ensure quality of life. The review also highlights the critical need for ongoing research and multidisciplinary collaboration to refine and optimize management protocols for this vulnerable population.
Challenges and Opportunities in Mobile Health Technologies for Cancer Pain Management: An Integrative Review
Authors: Tao Dahuang
Published: March 2024

This article explores the evolving landscape of mobile cancer pain management, a critical aspect of healthcare innovation aimed at enhancing patient outcomes and accessibility to pain relief measures. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study examines the benefits, limitations, and potential strategies for overcoming the challenges associated with implementing mobile health technologies in the management of cancer-related pain. The discussion includes an evaluation of the effectiveness, patient adherence, and technological advancements in mobile health, alongside an assessment of the barriers hindering widespread adoption, such as cultural and technological literacy, resource allocation, and security concerns.
A Cat of One’s Own: The Woman Writer and the Feline Companion in Emily of New Moon
Authors: Janes Daniela
Published: March 2024

Using an animal studies lens, this essay analyzes the role of cats and kittens in Emily of New Moon and draws connections to the solitary path of the female writer. The literary representation of cats gives us a human-mediated view of animal experience and consciousness, inviting us to reflect on the kinds of stories that are told about animals.
Simulating Credit Loss Distributions: Empirical Versus the Vasicek Model
Authors: Milonas Natasa , Vuuren Gary van
Published: March 2024

Because credit losses can be substantial, managing credit risk is a focus area of risk measurement and management. It is important for financial institutions to select credit risk models that accurately forecast losses. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) chose the closed-form single risk factor Vasicek model for regulatory capital calculations. In this article, its forecast accuracy is compared with empirical loss distributions using simulated probabilities of default and losses given default. The effect of altering probabilities of default on asset correlations was analysed and how this affects credit portfolio loss distributions. The robustness of the Vasicek model against five different portfolios with unique compositions was explored: results highlight two key findings. Firstly, the Vasicek model is a good approximation of credit losses for a portfolio that does not contain dominating loans (it is, after all, based on the assumption of large-scale homogeneity). Secondly, the Vasicek model is a good approximation for expected loss (ELs) but lacks accuracy when determining extreme unexpected losses (ULs). Finally, credit capital requirements as a function of two variables are presented which reveals novel ways of viewing these values.
Navigating Financial Performance of the MENA Region Energy Sector: The Interplay of Working Capital and Leverage
Authors: Elgayar Ahmed , Serag Sameh , Metawa Noura
Published: March 2024

This research delves into the influence of leverage considering potential outcomes within operational funds concerning the fiscal implications of the energy industry within the middle east and north Africa region. The research employed an empirical approach by collecting secondary data from the MENA region's energy sector between 2018 and 2022. To achieve this, the study formulated three hypotheses and utilized the empirical random panel data model. The investigative results affirm the validity of all three hypotheses. Additionally, they provide insights into the relationships among the variables in these hypotheses. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that certain results from the hypotheses contradict the expected theoretical impact. The article suggests that future researchers should delve into additional factors influencing firm performance, recognizing that diverse variables may yield varied outcomes. Broadening the study's scope by incorporating different timeframes and a more diverse array of firms could enhance the overall representativeness of research findings. Expanding this inquiry beyond the energy sector to encompass various industries might offer a comprehensive understanding of how working capital affects firm performance across distinct economic sectors. Subsequent empirical studies are advised to consider global health crises, political events, and other socio-economic developments in the MENA region. Examining events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing geopolitical conflicts like the Russian-Ukrainian and Israeli-Palestinian conflicts could illuminate how such incidents impact of the association among cash reserve, leverage, and company efficacy. To gain deeper insights into the causal distinctions among financial resources, and production form the company, researchers might investigate bidirectional results between each pair of variables using Granger causality tests. The findings from the present study are pertinent for energy sector companies, policymakers, and academia. Future research endeavors could focus on scrutinizing how the implications of operating funds on company procedures change when moderated by additional factors related to macroeconomics, providing practical insights for decision-makers.
Penerjemahan Papan Nama Ruang Museum Seni Rupa dan Keramik ke Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Wikarti Aprilia Ruby , Prasetyaningtyas Hudiyekti
Published: March 2024

Museum Seni Rupa dan Keramik yang berlokasi di Taman Sari, Jakarta Barat merupakan salah satu museum yang memiliki beragam koleksi seni rupa dan keramik, baik dari dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Keragaman koleksi karya inilah yang menjadi salah satu daya tarik wisatawan lokal dan asing untuk datang berkunjung. Oleh sebab itu, ketersediaan informasi museum berbahasa asing selain bahasa Indonesia menjadi salah satu bagian penting untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada wisatawan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan sebagai upaya untuk menyediakan papan nama ruang berbahasa asing, khususnya bahasa Mandarin yang sesuai, baik secara makna dan struktur dengan menggunakan metode penerjemahan komunikatif dari Newmark. Kegiatan ini berlangsung selama periode bulan Juli – Oktober 2023. Penerjemahan merupakan kegiatan untuk mengalihbahasakan suatu teks dari bahasa sumber ke bahasa sasaran dengan memperhatikan gaya bahasa, makna, dan konteks. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah papan nama ruang berbahasa asing terutama bahasa Mandarin. Diharapkan dengan terlaksananya kegiatan ini dapat membantu wisatawan memahami informasi ruang khususnya di Museum Seni Rupa dan Keramik, serta berkontribusi pada pariwisata di Jakarta secara umum.
Motorcycle Time: Una lúdica vivencial en el campo de la ingeniería industrial y afines
Authors: Aguirre Alvarez Yenny Alejandra , Vargas Bermúdez María Juliana , Montoya Peláez Mauricio
Published: March 2024

El Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad de Antioquia ha venido desarrollando una serie de estrategias para dar a conocer la importancia de los ejercicios lúdicos, como dinámica para fortalecer activamente los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes en los diferentes cursos de los programas de ingeniería industrial y afines. Con miras a la visibilidad, a incrementar el impacto en la comunidad académica y a mejorar el aprendizaje a través de vivencias experienciales, se propone la experiencia lúdica denominada Motorcycle Time, en la cual se ponen en práctica conceptos de ergonomía, métodos y tiempos, layout, inventario, logística de producción, trabajo colaborativo y toma de decisiones. La metodología de esta experiencia lúdica se divide en tres fases: la primera es para la apropiación conceptual, la segunda abarca el desarrollo lúdico de acuerdo con las instrucciones establecidas, y la tercera responde al cierre del ejercicio a partir de un workshop previamente diseñado. Se espera que el desarrollo de esta lúdica inédita permita a los estudiantes afianzar conceptos disciplinares clave en el perfil del ingeniero industrial y afines, a través de ejercicios de gamificación y aprendizaje significativo.
Aspek Hukum Rangkap Jabatan Direksi dan Komisaris Pada Perseroan Terbatas Ditinjau dari Prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG)
Authors: Andjelina Panggabean Lamsumihar , Ginting Budiman , Sukarja Detania
Published: March 2024

Rangkap jabatan (interlocking directorate) merupakan praktik yang marak dilakukan oleh Direksi dan Komisaris dalam tata kelola perusahaan di Indonesia. Peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia telah mengatur mengenai rangkap jabatan, terdapat ketentuan yang melarang maupun memperbolehkan praktik rangkap jabatan, namun terlepas dari hal tersebut, praktik rangkap jabatan memiliki pengaruh terhadap tata kelola perusahaan yang baik (good corporate governances). Tulisan ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaturan mengenai rangkap jabatan (interlocking directorate) di Indonesia, hubungan prinsip-prinsip good corporate governances (GCG) dengan praktik rangkap jabatan Direksi dan Komisaris pada Perseroan Terbatas, serta penerapan hukum terhadap kasus rangkap jabatan Direksi dan Komisaris pada Perseroan Terbatas di Indonesia dalam kaitannya dengan prinsip-prinsip good corporate governances (GCG). Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Data penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik studi pustaka (library research). Data diolah dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan mengenai rangkap jabatan (interlocking directorate) di Indonesia terdapat dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan sesuai dengan sektor atau bidang masing-masing, namun terdapat ketidaksesuaian dan/atau inkonsistensi diantara ketentuan dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut. Inkonsistensi ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum sehingga praktik rangkap jabatan masih marak terjadi khususnya dalam ruang lingkup Perseroan Terbatas di Indonesia, sementara apabila dihubungkan dengan prinsip-prinsip tata kelola perusahaan yang baik (good corporate governances), praktik rangkap jabatan memiliki pengaruh terhadap prinsip pertanggungjawaban (responsibility), keterbukaan (tranparancy), dan kemandirian (independency).
Atributos funcionales en la restauración ecológica en bosques tropicales: estrategias y perspectivas
Authors: Reis Bianca Nunes dos , Nascimento Marcelo Trindade
Published: March 2024

Las selvas tropicales poseen una gran biodiversidad, pero están enfrentando una intensa fragmentación y aislamiento debido a la deforestación. La conservación de estas selvas requiere la reducción de la deforestación, acciones de restauración de áreas degradadas y la expansión de áreas protegidas. Las áreas en restauración, por lo general, son ambientes que presentan diferentes historiales de degradación, baja disponibilidad de nutrientes y alta variabilidad ambiental. En este sentido, el uso de grupos funcionales se ha utilizado para evaluar la trayectoria sucesional de selvas secundarias. El presente trabajo realizó una revisión basada en la literatura empírica y teórica disponible en las bases indexadoras Scopus® y Web of Science® en los últimos 10 años (2012-2022) dentro de la temática “atributos funcionales en la restauración ecológica”. En total, se encontraron 1.941 publicaciones. Evaluamos y discutimos la literatura encontrada a través de un enfoque teórico del contenido de los artículos. Nuestra investigación evidenció que las características funcionales en áreas de restauración están asociadas a múltiples funciones de los servicios ecosistémicos, abarcando los servicios de soporte, provisionamiento, regulación, apoyo y cultural. Identificamos estudios que enfatizan la importancia de considerar los atributos funcionales (atributo respuesta y atributos efecto) al elegir las especies para su uso en proyectos de restauración. Sin embargo, el enfoque funcional en proyectos de restauración, aunque ha crecido en los últimos años, aún es incipiente. Ante los desafíos propuestos por la década de la restauración, se hace necesaria la comprensión de las relaciones entre atributos funcionales y restauración ecológica en selvas tropicales para cubrir las lagunas existentes. También destacamos la importancia de la divulgación y disponibilidad de información local sobre atributos funcionales en repositorios de datos con miras a mejorar el acceso a esta información.
The concept of Miraculousness among orientalists
Authors: AlIbrahimi Karar Abdul-Ilah Abdul-Kazim
Published: March 2024

This study stands on an issue that preoccupied the Islamic world, and the Western world before it, which is the position of the orientalists towards the Holy Qur’an, from many aspects. The scientific methodology called for this study to be divided into an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion.

In the preamble, we stand on the emergence of the subject of the miraculousness of the orientalists, while we study in the first section the purpose of the miraculousness, and the concept of orientalism, and then we study in the second section the motives of the Holy Quran by the orientalists and their position on it.
Modernity in the Poetry of Nima Yoshij and Baland Al-Haidari A comparative study
Authors: Abbas Assistant Professor Dr. Falah Hassan
Published: March 2024

This research discusses the issue of modernity in contemporary Persian and Arabic poetry. The researcher chose the Iranian poet Nima Yoshij, who is considered one of the pioneers of modernity in contemporary Iranian poetry, and the Iraqi poet Baland Al-Haidari, who is also one of the pioneers of modernity in contemporary Iraqi poetry.

 Through their poetry, the two poets expressed the themes of modernity that entered the world of poetry and literature, and that are based on modernist concepts with a new and contemporary vision in harmony with their time; The two poets explained their aspirations and hopes, and the hopes and issues of society. The poet is a member of the community who feels his suffering, his concerns and his ambitions and expresses them in the most sincere way. It seems that the poets have benefited from their experiences and their culture of roses in updating the poem in form and content.

The researcher also chose models from the poems of the two poets (Nima Yoshij and Baland Al-Haidari) that included modern themes through which the two poets dealt with various (new) individual and societal issues and other human issues.
The concept of epistemology and its extents "a linguistic study in the light of terminology"
Authors: Rafeej Lect. Dr. Haider Awwad
Published: March 2024

The research concluded that epistemology has a high ability to contain sciences as the philosophy of all sciences, that is, the epistemological researcher begins with sciences from the history of their origin and course, studying the emergence of scientific perceptions and their transformations, and studying their continuity and extinction, and this indicates that epistemology is not concerned with the laboratory description of scientific facts, but rather the history of relationships, perceptions, and interpretations that science is exposed to; It is a psychological analysis of knowledge and all sciences, not knowledge or science itself. Because together, science and knowledge require prior ignorance of their subject matter, while epistemology requires prior and deep knowledge.

       This means that epistemology is a scientific theory whose subject matter is science. It is not a science, but a research oriented towards science, and if it were a science, it would be permissible for it to study itself, and this is not the case. There is a difference between studying science and studying oneself, and when we say: epistemology of grammar. What we mean is the scientific theory that studies the science of grammar, and it is different from the science of grammar that studies linguistic structure.
A Study of Iraqi EFL Learners' Misuse of Repetition as an Emphatic or Redundant Process in Translation
Authors: Fenjan Lecturer: Sahab Salih
Published: March 2024

Recently, translation studies have received more attention on translation efficiency and the correct use of repetition in the translation process to know what translator’s skills are important in order to achieve a qualified and precise translation. The current study aims to investigate the misuse of repetition as an emphatic or redundant process in translation by EFL learners, especially the Iraqi university EFL students. The study sample consisted of 30 randomly selected fe/male students at the department of English language majoring in translation or English language literature of University of Thi-Qar.

    A researcher’s designed test has been administered to the Iraqi EFL learners and their responses have been descriptively analyzed. The study is dealt with four sections to discuss and find the precise results of the planned aims. So, the first section presents introduction, problem statement, research questions, objects, and research significance. The second section deals with the literature review to expose theoretical background of translation, repetition, redundancy, and related studies. The third section is about research method and design. Whereas, the fourth section exposes the results and discussions where it is found that the Iraqi university EFL students have a low level of awareness of translation skills and low performance regarding the use of repetition in their translation process which can be referred to their insufficient lexical knowledge in both target and source languages.

  Furthermore, the results also showed that a large part of the EFL students was able to distinguish the repeated terms, however they do not realize the reason or the purpose of the correct use of the emphatic repetition as a tool that contributes to creating lexical coherence in texts. The study concluded that there are many causes of the misusing forms of repetition in translation, including the students’ weak ability to translate abbreviations and their inability to find suitable synonyms for Arabic words to be used in English translation. These major causes point to the urgent need for systematic reforms of the curriculum, methods of teaching EFL in universities, and strategies adopted for teaching translation to students. An appendix of the test is found at the end of the research.
The Role of Edmund Muskie in American Foreign Policy towards the American Hostage Crisis in Iran (May 8, 1980-January 20, 1981)
Authors: Al-Zuhairi Lect. Dr. Adnan Khairy Muzail
Published: March 2024

The research dealt with the role of Edmund Muskie in liberating the American hostages held in Iran, as Edmund Muskie assumed the position after the resignation of his predecessor Cyrus Vance due to the latter's objection to President Jimmy Carter's policy and his failure to liberate the hostages. An intense diplomatic approach and it was an important element and an effective planner in his country's policy towards that crisis, the outcome of which was the success in releasing the American hostages held in Iran, but the issue of the hostages affected the policy of neutrality declared by Washington when the Iran-Iraq war broke out and this war led Muskie to follow a policy Contradictory towards Iraq is more like a formal rapprochement and then siding with Iran in an attempt to approach it in order to release the American hostages being held by it.
Military events in the caliphate of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (A) 35-40 AH through the book of the Rightly Guided Caliphs of al-Dhahabi (historical study)
Authors: Al Kanzawi Prof. Dr. Muhannad Abdul Redha Hamdan , Abbas Researcher: Arkan Anid
Published: March 2024

The importance of the research is focused on explaining the military events that took place in the caliphate of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib () through what al-Dhahabi mentioned in his well-known book, Rightly-Guided Caliphs. Those who broke out of the caliphate of the Imam are out of the right that they must follow, and he tries hard not to mention many of the events that preceded, permeated and followed those military events, but the context of the historical narrative made it necessary for him to mention some of them, which we will address in this research.
Oman's policy within the Gulf Cooperation Council Towards the Iraq-Iran war
Authors: Abed Reden Ass.Lecture Hassan Ghanim
Published: March 2024

Oman is characterized by an important geographical location, which made it a country of great commercial importance and an influential factor in the level of foreign policy and the challenges that cast a shadow over the security and stability of the Arab Gulf region in general, in light of the narrow political alignments and axes witnessed by the international and regional political arena, which represent a real challenge to the security and strategy The countries of the Arab Gulf region, The Sultanate of Oman has followed a clear approach and firm ways to proceed according to specific rules regarding joint Gulf action towards the most serious challenges facing the Arab Gulf region at the regional and international levels, by following the language of dialogue and standing on impartiality and non-alignment with any of the regional or Arab parties in order to Maintaining security and stability in the region in general.
Indigenous Well-Being: An Anishinaabek Youth Leadership Approach
Authors: McGregor Deborah , McGregor Hillary , Sritharan Mahisha , King Lauren
Published: March 2024

Successfully addressing the most challenging issues of our time (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pandemics among them) will require transformative change in all areas of human society. We must embrace new perspectives with respect to our interactions with all life.  Indigenous knowledge can aid global society in developing sustainable models for human-nature interaction. Indigenous youth are increasingly expressing solutions that can help put us on a clear path forward. The ongoing paternalistic nature of dominant society nonetheless means that Indigenous youth voice continues to be overlooked in most instances, even in programs that are ostensibly developed for the benefit of Indigenous and other youth. In this article, we place Indigenous youth voice front and centre as we describe an Indigenous youth-designed and led initiative aimed at improving mental health and overall wellbeing of specifically Indigenous youth.
Evaluation of wet vs. dry dentinal adhesion by using scanning electron microscope
Authors: T. Hieawy Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The objective of this research was to investigate the resin -dentin interface of the Excite bonding system applied to wet and dry dentin by using scanning electron microscope. The adhesive and the composite were applied according ot the manufacturer instruction to a standardized buccal and palatal class V cavities prepared on human upper first premolar. The teeth were sectioned vertically ot examine the resin dentin interface, several morphological differences were seen between wet and dry technique, the hybrid layer analysis revealed different hybridization patterns, suggesting that the attachment seems ot be influenced by many factors and a standardization of dentinal substrate si impossible.
Sealing ability of different Root-End filling Materials
Authors: A.Mahdi Jamal
Published: March 2024

This study evaluated the ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) ot seal the root end effectively. Forty-five single rooted, extracted human teeth were cleaned & shaped using a step back technique. The root-ends were resected, &a 3-mm deep root- end preparation was made. The teeth were random divided into three groups of 15 & filled with dental amalgam, super-EBA, or MTA, folowing immersion ni 1%methylene blue dye for 72hours, the roots were sectioned & the depth of dye penetration was evaluated by a stereomicroscope at X-10 magnification. The sealing effectiveness of the retrograde filling materials used ni this study was determined by their ability ot inhibit dye penetration. MTA cement provides a better seal than amalgam & EBA cement when used as retrograde filling, but the extrapolation of this result into a clinical practice may be questionable.
Histomorphometric analysis of orthodontically induced root resorption
Authors: K Tahir Dalia
Published: March 2024

This clinical and histological investigation was designed to study the association between orthodontically applied force and related root resorption ni fortyeight adult patients where their treatment involved bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction which was postponed to use the 96 teeth as a test and control for the experiment. The patients were assigned ot one of six groups; the right premolars were moved buccaly using continuous, wel controlled, different forces range (30-80 grams) for ten weeks while the left premolars served as a control. By the end of het experimental period, the tecth were extracted and underwent routine histological preparations. Sections were tested using the image analysis computer system. Statistical analysis of the result revealed a non significant diflerence ni the mean vaule of resorbed area between hte control group and those ni which forces of 30, 40, 50 and 60 grams were used but a significant diference ni the mean value of groups ni which 70 and 80 grams were used. Regarding the depth of resorption a non significant difference was found ni hte mean value between the control groups ni which forces of 30, 40 gram were used but a significant difference was found ni groups in which forces of 50, 60, 07 and 80 gram used. Finally, the mean value of the resorbed aren and its depth were always more ni the palatal root than the buccal root and ni the apical third than the cervical third for all groups
Computerized prediction of lower third molar eruption
Authors: M. Basheer Raid , H. Kaskos Harith
Published: March 2024

Abstract: One of the problems in Orthodontics and Oral Surgery si determining when to extract third molars or when it is advisable to let them complete their eruption. This study attempts to establisha computerized prediction method using lateral cephalometric radiographs to decide whether removal or leaving third molars to erupt. The result showed that there is a significant difference in the accuracy of manual and computerized method of prediction of lower third molar eruption ni that the computerized method proved to be more accurate ni the prediction.
Histopathological typing of palatal swellings: Analysis of 52 cases
Authors: MH Saka Sabah
Published: March 2024

Histopathological typing of 52 cases presented clinically with palatal swelling was performed retrospectively. The haemoatoxylene and cosin stained histological sections of related cases are retrieved from the files and re-examined microscopically. The study focused on the pathological processes involved ni these swellings. The results showed three pathological processes involved in these cases; namely, neoplastic, cystic and reactive. Of these, the neoplastic were slightly more common and comprise 38.8% of cases, tumors of minor salivary glands were more frequent, while the cystic and reactive comprise 34.3% and 26.9% respectively. Of the cystic lesions, the majority was of odontogenic origin, where as the reactive category cases of papillary hyperplasia of the palate were more frequent
Cervical Lymph nodes Enlargement in Relation to Thickness of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: M. H. Saka Sabah
Published: March 2024

Tumour thickness measurement was evaluated in relation to clinical nodal status on 26 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The measurement estimated on Haematoxylene and Eosin stained microscopic sections of the resection specimen of each case by using a micro - occulmeter on illuminated viewer. The thickness considered the distance between surfaces epithelium from which the invasion started to the deepest invading front. Analysis of clinical data showed that 14 of the cases had palpable lymph nodes, whereas 12 cases had no palpable nodes. It was found that the mean tumour thickness in group with palpable nodes was 9.5 mm. whereas the mean tumour thickness in group with no palpable nodes was 4.5 mm. This difference, statistically, using t-test was highly significant (p < 0.004). It si concluded, therefore, that, tumour thickness as a single structural parameter can help ni the prediction of cervical lymph nodes involvement ni patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, an additional method of treatment can be chose following local resection of the tumour
The effect of tooth brushing frequency on plaque, gingival indices in Thamar Governorate (primary, intermediate, secondary schools) in Republic of Yemen
Authors: DSalman Faraed
Published: March 2024

An oral health Survey was conducted ni Thamar Governorate schools (primary, intermediate, secondary schools). Certain aspects of oral health were investigated. The sample included 1758 students aged from 6-18 years old of both sexes (843 males, 915 females). The study has shown that 44.03% of the students did not brush their teeth, however, brushing Standards did not seem to be satisfactory, this was judged by the high plaque & gingival index mean for the sample and for different groups with ni the sample
Tooth loss in permanent dentition in a rural population, Ninevah Governorate-Iraq.
Authors: A.Makani Layla
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of tooth loss among Iraqi population living ni rural areas, Nineveh Governate. A random sample of 746 subjects, compromising 280 males and 466 females were chosen from two villages ni Nineveh Governate, their age range 5-70 years and it was divided into 6 age groups with an interval of 10 years. The study shows that the percent of individuals with the tooth loss increase with increasing the age, also their mean of teeth loss increase with the increasing age, also their mean of tooth loss per individuals was increase significantly with the increasing age. The result indicated that the females reported higher percent than the males, also the mean of tooth loss were higher significantly ni females than males, the study revealed that the teeth loss ni the upper jaws slightly higher than the lower jaw for the age group 25 years and over, while for younger age group the opposite si true. The first molars recorded the higher percent of tooth loss among the other teeth. The study indicated that the more than 90% of the total individuals that had loss their teeth need fixed or removable prosthodontics treatment.
The oral mucosa alteration associated with the use of khat leaves chewing by the people in Yemen
Authors: Muhi Al-Deen Ra'ad
Published: March 2024

The use of Khat "catha leaves" chewing appear to be finding its way onto the people in Yemen as a socially acceptable and popular habit. Numerous reports have described oral changes that appear to be associated with the use of catha leaves chewing ni adult. A study was therefore undertaken to determine the influence of catha leaves chewing on the mucosa of the oral cavity. Among the total sample of 120 adult habitué, red lesions are identified clinically ni the oral mucosa of six individuals. nI three individuals white lesions are identified at the muccobuccal fold and superficial lesions with color similar to surroundings mucosa was identified in 12 individuals.
Introduction of fibrin adhesive system (tissucol) in periodontal surgery part I: Suture substitution and wound healing
Authors: Al-Juboury Abdullatif
Published: March 2024

The present investigation was undertaken ot study the efficacy of fibrin adhesive system (tissucol) sa a substituting material ot hte traditional suturing, and ot compare the clinical findings obtained ni case of traditional suture, thus, two groups each of 12 adult periodontitis patients of nearly equal age, were subjected ot the repositioned flap, apicaly repositioned flap, modified Widmann flap and free gingival graft surgical procedures. Haemostatic time (H.T.), flap adaptation time (F.A.T.), postoperative discomfort time (P.O.D.T.) (pain and swelling) and clinical healing achievement time C.H.A.T. of tissucol group (T.G.) were compared ot those of suturing group (S.G.). This study showed that fibrin adhesive system provides rapid haemostatic action and excellent fap adaptation. Its introduction shortened significantly the clinical healing period of wounded area and shortened the postoperative tim
The Frontal sinus and the skeletal jaw relationships
Authors: I. A-l Bustani Ali
Published: March 2024

The possibility of employing the frontal sinus ni orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning has been verified. The frontal sinus width, maxillary, and mandibular base lengths have been determined cephalometrically from a sample of 73 Iraqi orthodontic patients aged 1 - 51 years, ranked into skeletal classes ,I I and I. The results showed increased frontal sinus width in class I and IlI subjects, ni addition to a significant correlation between frontal sinus enlargement and the increased jaw bone length. It has been concluded that the frontal sinus, as seen on lateral cephalogram, can be utilized clinically as an aid ni orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning
Association between periodontal health status and acquired coronary heart disease
Authors: Al-Rawi Nadia , MAl-Weheb Athra
Published: March 2024

The objective of shit study was conducted ot evaluated the periodontal health status of patients with acquired coronary heart disease (CHD) and compare ti ot control group. The study group consists of 200 patients with an age arnge (35-70) years, had coronary heart discase and compared to control group fo non -coronary heart disease matching with age &sex. Periodontitis, loss 'of attachment &missing teeth were assessed using CPI (WHO (1997). Results showed highly significant differences between study &control groups ni al degree of severity diseased periodontal conditions (p<0.001). The percentage of patients with periodontal disease and loss of attachment ni study group 68%, 58.5%respectively higher than control group 50.5%and 35%respectively. It was concluded that periodontal disease more common among patients with CHD than control. Thus the possibility of chronic oral infection or similar factor may be positively associated with CHD at least ni patients susceptible to CHD