bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Cloud Computing for the Effective Implementation of the Medical Information System
Authors: Kldiashvili Ekaterina
Published: November 2014

The field of healthcare informatics is rapidly evolving. The new models and protocols of medical information system (MIS) are developed. Despite obvious advantages and benefits, practical application of MIS in everyday practice is slow. Cloud computing have emerged as an important new field, distinguished from conventional distributed computing by its focus on large-scale sharing, innovative applications, and, in some cases, high-performance orientation. “Cloud computing” the authors are going to define as flexible, secure, coordinated resource sharing among dynamic collections of individuals, institutions, and resources. Cloud computing is a new way of delivering computing resources and services. It is plausible, that this technology has more potential and can improve health care services, benefit health care research, and change the face of health information technology. This can be solution for widespread and effective implementation of the medical information system. The present article will discuss the application of cloud computing for the medical information system practical usage. The ideal of healthcare in the information age must be to create knowledge from medical information and less time managing medical information and data. The application of easily available and adaptable technology and improvement of the infrastructure conditions is the basis for medical informatics applications. The usage of MIS holds the potential to improve, develop and realize medical service in the effective and comprehensive mode.
Development of an Interactive Immersion Environment for Engendering Understanding about Nanotechnology
Authors: Schönborn Konrad J. , Höst Gunnar E. , Palmerius Karljohan E. Lundin , Flint Jennifer
Published: November 2014

The advent of nanoscientific applications in modern life is swiftly in progress. Nanoscale innovation comes with the pressing need to provide citizens and learners with scientific knowledge for judging the societal impact of nanotechnology. In rising to the challenge, this paper reports the developmental phase of a research agenda concerned with building and investigating a virtual environment for communicating nano-ideas. Methods involved elucidating core nano-principles through two purposefully contrasting nano “risk” and “benefit” scenarios for incorporation into an immersive system. The authors implemented the resulting 3D virtual architecture through an exploration of citizens' and school students' interaction with the virtual nanoworld. Findings suggest that users' interactive experiences of conducting the two tasks based on gestural interaction with the system serve as a cognitive gateway for engendering nano-related understanding underpinning perceived hopes and fears and as a stimulating pedagogical basis from which to teach complex science concepts.
A Scale for Measuring Internet Banking Service Quality
Authors: Kundu Sukanya , Datta Saroj Kumar
Published: November 2014

There have been many fragmented studies of Internet service quality which have resulted in several models with different combinations of constructs and items, some focusing on different perspectives, and many using different names for the same construct. Some of these models were developed for the specific context of Internet banking. This paper consolidates these fragmented studies of Internet service quality and Internet banking service quality and proposes a scale with nine constructs to measure Internet banking service quality. The scale compares expected service (E) with perceived service (P) across all nine constructs and measures perceived service quality based on P- E. The paper then validates the scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of 499 survey responses from Internet banking customers of five Indian public sector banks. The service quality scale was conceptualised as a nine-construct, 39-item scale. Through the purification process it was reduced to 34 items spread across nine constructs: availability, site aesthetics, ease of use, technical performance, reliability, privacy, trust, responsiveness, and customisation.
Delta-like 1–Mediated Notch Signaling Enhances the In Vitro Conversion of Human Memory CD4 T Cells into FOXP3-Expressing Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Mota Catarina , Nunes-Silva Vânia , Pires Ana R. , Matoso Paula , Victorino Rui M. M. , Sousa Ana E. , Caramalho Iris
Published: November 2014

FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential for the prevention of autoimmunity and were shown to be reduced and/or dysfunctional in several autoimmune diseases. Although Treg-based adoptive transfer represents a promising therapy, the large cell number required to achieve clinical efficacy constitutes an important limitation. Therefore, novel strategies to generate bona fide in vitro–induced Treg (iTreg) are critical. In this study, we report that human memory CD4 T cells can be efficiently converted into iTreg, and that Delta-like 1 (DL1)–mediated Notch signaling significantly enhances this process. The iTreg generated in the presence of DL1 featured higher levels of Treg function–associated molecules and were efficient suppressors. Importantly, these iTreg displayed a stable phenotype in long-term cultures, even in the presence of proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, DL1 potentiated FOXP3 acquisition by memory CD4 cells through the modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway and of Foxp3 transcription. Our data demonstrate that iTreg can be efficiently induced from memory CD4 cells, a subset enriched in relevant specificities for targeting in autoimmune diseases, and that DL1 enhances this process. DL1 also enhanced the proliferation and Treg function–associated marker expression of ex vivo–stimulated human circulating FOXP3+ cells. Manipulation of the Notch signaling pathway constitutes a promising approach to boost the in vitro generation of iTreg and ex vivo Treg expansion, thus facilitating the establishment of effective Treg-based adoptive therapy in autoimmune diseases.
Immature Recent Thymic Emigrants Are Eliminated by Complement
Authors: Hsu Fan-Chi , Shapiro Michael J. , Chen Meibo W. , McWilliams Douglas C. , Seaburg Lauren M. , Tangen Sarah N. , Shapiro Virginia Smith
Published: November 2014

Recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) must undergo phenotypic and functional maturation to become long-lived mature naive T cells. In CD4-cre NKAP conditional knockout mice, NKAP-deficient RTEs fail to complete T cell maturation. In this study, we demonstrate that NKAP-deficient immature RTEs do not undergo apoptosis, but are eliminated by complement. C3, C4, and C1q are bound to NKAP-deficient peripheral T cells, demonstrating activation of the classical arm of the complement pathway. As thymocytes mature and exit to the periphery, they increase sialic acid incorporation into cell surface glycans. This is essential to peripheral lymphocyte survival, as stripping sialic acid with neuraminidase leads to the binding of natural IgM and complement fixation. NKAP-deficient T cells have a defect in sialylation on cell surface glycans, leading to IgM recruitment. We demonstrate that the defect in sialylation is due to aberrant α2,8-linked sialylation, and the expression of three genes (ST8sia1, ST8sia4, and ST8sia6) that mediate α2,8 sialylation are downregulated in NKAP-defcient RTEs. The maturation of peripheral NKAP-deficient T cells is partially rescued in a C3-deficient environment. Thus, sialylation during T cell maturation is critical to protect immature RTEs from complement in the periphery.
Unusual scaled preservation samples on freshwater decapods (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Pleistocene (Late Cenozoic) of Turkey and Kazakistan
Authors: Pasini Giovanni , Garassino Alessandro
Published: November 2014

We report two rare examples of preservation by calcareous incrustation of two specimens of decapod crustaceans, discovered in continental carbonate deposits from the Pleistocene (Late Cenozoic) of SW Turkey (W Anatolia) and S Kazakistan (“Caucasian Area”) respectively. The specimen from Turkey is assigned to Potamon Savigny, 1816 (Potamidae) while the specimen from Kazakistan is assigned to Austropotamobius Skorikov, 1907 (Astacidae).
Pleuronassa timerchidouensis n. gen., n. sp. (Axiidea, Callianassidae) from the Calcaires à slumps de Taghit Fm., Late Campanian of the Moyenne Moulouya, NE Morocco
Authors: Ossó-Morales Àlex , Garassino Alessandro , Vega Francisco J. , Artal Pedro
Published: November 2014

The new fossil decapod locality discovered recently in the NE extreme flank of the Chebka Timerchidou mountain, at the Moyenne Moulouya, NE of Morocco has yielded a rich decapod assemblage such as Hasaracancer merijaensis Ossó, Artal & Vega, 2011, Costacopluma maroccana Ossó, Artal & Vega, 2010, and Ophthalmoplax minimus Ossó, Artal & Vega, 2010. We report Pleuronassa timerchidouensis n. gen., n. sp. (Callianassidae Dana, 1852) from the same locality. It represents the second species of thalassinid from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco following the recent discovery of Neocallichirus agadirensis Garassino, De Angeli & Pasini, 2011, from the Cenomanian of Agadir (W Morocco).
On the life-cycle of ameles spallanzania (Rossi, 1792) (Insecta, Mantodea)
Authors: Battiston Roberto , Galliani Carlo
Published: November 2014

The recent find of an Ameles spallanzania population in a continental area of northern Italy permitted to redraw the northernmost edge of the distribution of this species and to study its life cycle in extreme climatic conditions. A comparison with collecting records of adult specimens from the Mediterranean area has been performed to put in evidence how this species adapts its life-cycle timings in different latitudes: hatching earlier or using nymphs to overwinter in warmer localities or oothecae in colder ones. Overwintering strategies of Ameles spallanzania have been compared with strategies of other genera of mantids that share the same habitat but have different life-cycle strategies and general distribution. Different developing times in mantids seem to be linked to behavioural strategies more than physiological attitudes.
Anapagurus mamertinus n. sp. (Anomura, Paguroidea, Paguridae) from the Pliocene of S. Antonio, Capo Milazzo (Sicily, S Italy)
Authors: Pasini Giovanni , Garassino Alessandro
Published: November 2014

We document for the first time the presence of Anapagurus Henderson, 1886 (Paguridae Latreille, 1802) with Anapagurus mamertinus n. sp., from the Pliocene of S. Antonio, Capo Milazzo (Sicily, S Italy). It is the first report of this genus from the Pliocene of Italy, enlarging the knowledge on its distribution in the palaeo-Mediterranean area. Anapagurus was known to date with a. sp. from the Pleistocene of Arda River (Emilia Romagna, N Italy).
Crocodyliform affinities for Kemkemia auditorei Cau & Maganuco, 2009 from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco
Authors: Lio Gabriel , Agnolin Federico , Cau Andrea , Maganuco Simone
Published: November 2014

Kemkemia auditorei Cau & Maganuco, 2009 was recently described as a new genus and species of theropod dinosaur on the basis on an isolated distal caudal vertebra. The holotype and only known specimen comes from Kem Kem beds (Upper Cretaceous) of Morocco. In the present paper we review the phylogenetic position of Kemkemia and we conclude that this taxon belongs to Crocodyliformes. It shares with crocodyliforms the presence of a concavity at the posterolateral margin of neural spines, an inflated neural canal, and reduced prezygapophyses, among other traits. This combination of characters clearly distinguishes Kemkemia from theropod dinosaurs. In this way, Kemkemia is here considered as a Crocodyliformes incertae sedis, and based on the absence of unique characters, the genus and species Kemkemia auditorei is proposed as a nomen dubium.
Contributo alla conoscenza della flora esotica dell’Isola di Capraia (Arcipelago Toscano, Italia)
Authors: Lastrucci Lorenzo , Calamassi Roberto , Ferretti Giulio , Galasso Gabriele , Foggi Bruno
Published: November 2014

Viene discussa la distribuzione e lo status di quattro specie e un ibrido esotici nell’Isola di Capraia (Arcipelago Toscano, Italia centrale). Tre taxa risultano nuovi per la flora dell’isola. Si evidenzia la differenza di comportamento di alcune di queste entità in ambito locale rispetto a quanto osservato a scala regionale.
Secondo contributo alla conoscenza della flora esotica dell’Arcipelago Toscano, Italia
Authors: Ferretti Giulio , Lazzaro Lorenzo , Giuliani Claudia , Foggi Bruno
Published: November 2014

Si presenta qui un secondo contributo per la realizzazione di una Checklist della flora esotica dell’Arcipelago Toscano. Per ogni taxon sono riportati lo status di naturalizzazione, sia per ciascuna isola che per l’intero Arcipelago, e i dati relativi alla distribuzione locale. Delle 31 specie elencate, 18 risultano nuove per il territorio dell’Arcipelago Toscano, tra le quali 4 nuove per l’intera Toscana; le restanti sono nuove per una o più isole.
Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) du Gabon (9ème partie). Parc National des Plateaux Batéké (missions 2010 et 2012)
Authors: Bilardo Armando , Rocchi Saverio
Published: November 2014

Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) of Gabon (9th part). Plateaux Batéké National Park (missions 2010 and2012).
This work concerns the Coleoptera Hydradephaga collected in three localities of Plateaux Batéké National Park (Republic of Gabon) and in two localities external to the Park in two missions (2010 and 2012), in which altogether 82 species are listed (13 Noteridae and 69 Dytiscidae); considering also the species collected in previous missions (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008) in all 18 visited localities altogether 155 species are listed (1 Haliplidae, 17 Noteridae and 137 Dytiscidae). The Authors describe three new species: Bidessus batekensis (group sharpi, subgroup ovoideus) near B. toumodiensis Guignot, 1939, distinguishable by dark brown elytra without net testaceous longitudinal markings and by penis; Copelatus tondangoyei (group erichsoni, subgroup atrosulcatus) distinguishable from close species by penis; Copelatus fizpaci (group longicornis, subgroup guerini) closed to C. ateles Guignot, 1955, distinguishable by bigger size and by penis. Besides some types of species of the genus Copelatus Erichson, 1832 examined have permitted the description of other african species: C. sylvaticoides (group irinus, subgroup irinus). Some observations concerning species of Copelatus genus, that have dentate penis, are reported.
The Role of Prophylaxis of Bacterial Infections in Children with Acute Leukemia/non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Castagnola Elio
Published: November 2014

Infections represent a well-known complication of antineoplastic chemotherapy that may cause delay of treatment, with alteration of the antineoplastic program and dose-intensity, or even the death of a patient that could heal from his/her neoplasia. Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who are neutropenic following chemotherapy for malignancy. Therefore a program of antibiotic prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia may be considered in the management strategy of cancer patients.
Perivascular fibrosis and IgG4-related disease: a case report
Authors: Monti S. , Crepaldi G. , Peri A. , Pietrabissa A. , Morbini P. , Bobbio-Pallavicini F. , Montecucco C. , Caporali R.
Published: November 2014

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized fibroinflammatory condition which can potentially involve any organ. Some characteristic histopathologic features with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, an increased number of IgG4+ cells, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis are the mainstay for diagnosis. Serum IgG4 levels often increase. We report the case of a patient with perivascular fibrotic lesions involving the aortic arch and the splenic hilum, with a surgical biopsy-proven diagnosis of IgG4-related disease. The patient is now undergoing a low-dose corticosteroid maintenance therapy without evidence of new localizations of the disease. This case highlights the need for increasing awareness and recognition of this new, emerging clinical condition.
Factors Affecting Mental Health and Behavioral Problems in High School Students: Based on a Social Cognitive Career Theory.
Authors: Son Hae Kyoung , Lee Hyejung , Kim Miyoung
Published: November 2014

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify factors affecting mental health and behavioral problems among high school students through the lens of a Social Cognitive Career Theory.METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out with 384 high school students in Seoul, Korea. A self-administrative questionnaire was used. It consisted of items on person .background variables, career-related variables including career barriers, learning experiences, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and career indecision, and mental health and behavioral problems. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 21.0 program.RESULTS: The results showed that perceived stress (t=5.12, p<.001), perceived health status (t=-4.08, p=.002), and school record (t=5.46, p<.001) were statistically significant variables. Also, career barriers (t=10.57, p<.001) was a significant factor influencing mental health and behavioral problems.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that among career-related variables, career barrier needs to be considered for preventive and therapeutic approach to mental health and behavioral problems in adolescents. Furthermore, the results suggest that career-related stress level should be assessed in high school students on a regular basis.
A topological separation condition for fractal attractors
Authors: Bedford Tim , Borodachov Sergiy V. , Geronimo Jeffrey S.
Published: November 2014

We consider finite systems of contractive homeomorphisms of a complete metric space, which satisfy the minimality property. In general this separation condition is weaker than the strong open set condition and is not equivalent to the weak separation property. We prove that this separation condition is equivalent to the strong Markov property (see definition below). We also show that the set of

N

-tuples of contractive homeomorphisms, having the minimality property, is a

G_\delta

set in the topology of pointwise convergence of every component mapping with an additional requirement that the supremum of contraction coefficients of mappings in the sequence be strictly less than one. We find a class of

N

-tuples of

d\times d

invertible contraction matrices, which define systems of affine mappings in

\mathbb R^d

having the minimality property for almost every

N

-tuple of fixed points with respect to the

Nd

-dimensional Lebesgue measure.
Harmonic numbers and finite groups
Authors: Baishya Sekhar Jyoti , Das Ashish Kumar
Published: November 2014

Given a finite group

G ,

let

{\tau} (G)

be the number of normal subgroups of

G

and

{\sigma} (G)

be the sum of the orders of the normal subgroups of

G

. The group

G

is said to be harmonic if

H(G):=\vert G\vert {\tau} (G)/{\sigma} (G)

is an integer. In this paper, all finite groups for which

1 \leq H(G) \leq 2

have been characterized. Harmonic groups of order

pq

and of order

pqr

, where

p< q< r

are primes, are also classified. Moreover, it has been shown that if

G

is harmonic and

G \not \cong C_ 6

, then

{\tau} (G) \geq 6

.
Galois points for a plane curve and its dual curve
Authors: Fukasawa Satoru , Miura Kei
Published: November 2014

A point

P

in projective plane is said to be Galois for a plane curve of degree at least three if the function field extension induced by the projection from

P

is Galois. Further we say that a Galois point is extendable if any birational transformation by the Galois group can be extended to a linear transformation of the projective plane. In this article, we propose the following problem:
If a plane curve has a Galois point and its dual curve has one, what is the curve?
We give an answer. We show that the dual curve of a smooth plane curve does not have a Galois point. On the other hand, we settle the case where both a plane curve and its dual curve have extendable Galois points. Such a curve must be defined by

X^d-Y^eZ^{d-e}=0

, which is a famous self-dual curve.
What's at Stake? History Wars, the NMA and Good Government
Authors: Marcus Julie
Published: November 2014

I want to place the fate of the National Museum of Australia (NMA) in the context of some of the political strategies that underpin the electoral placidity and public acceptance of a government so radically reshaping Australian democratic institutions. A national museum that reaches and engages with a national constituency can be an important place for the vigorous public debate that democracy requires. In such a place, political doctrines and dogmas, cultural fantasies and assumptions, historical interpretations and good old common-sense may all be scrutinised as well as confirmed. Such a place sits beside schools and universities, public libraries and art galleries and festivals, each of which provides the opportunity for reflection as well as for congratulation. As with the other publicly funded but independent sites of public reflection, the National Museum is to be reined in and redirected. It is to become ‘balanced’. Nothing could more surely ring its death knell. In future, the museum’s visitors will reflect along the narrow and limited lines of carefully delineated ‘alternatives’ that in fact confine and constrain rather than enlarge understanding.
Disarticulating Bellies: A Reproductive Glance
Authors: McDonald Lisa
Published: November 2014

Medical imaging/imagining of the unborn, it is thought, constitutes, and is constituted, within geographies and effects of inscription, forcing us to contemplate the tensions between biology and text. In this article, dialogue between the mysteries of difference, ‘of différance’ and the partiality of critique is used to deploy a digressive optic through which to imagine possibilities for a logic of sight. The author asks: ‘What might a ‘fetus’ hear from wor[l]ds well placed to deselect?’
The Face of Evil: Demonising the Arab Other in Contemporary Australia
Authors: Noble Greg
Published: November 2014

The ‘face of evil’ has become a recurring image in recent years in accounts of international terrorism. Yet it has also become a frequent figure in debates around ‘ethnic crime’ and ‘race rape’. It is a motif that demonstrates the ethnicisation of a moralised discourse of good and evil, particularly in the face of religious fundamentalism and moral panic around men of Arabic or Muslim background. The physicality of evil is often obscured in abstract discussions of moral panic. The face of evil ‘fixes’ evil in terms of a certain appearance and manner that are evidence of a deeper ‘truth’ of moral danger.
Sound Ecologies
Authors: Duffy Michelle
Published: November 2014

Discussions about what constitutes ‘the rural’ invariably focus on notions of spatial location – of inhabiting spaces apart from that of the metropolitan. Deeply embedded in our images of what it means to be Australian, nonetheless our intellectual framing of ‘the rural’ as something outback and beyond has significant implications for our relations with these spaces. The relatively recent phenomenon of sea- and tree-changes has struck many unawares, and not simply because a good latté is so hard to find. Although a frivolous remark, such an apparent lack does shift our focus to a bodily scale of the rural; how is rural place re/made through our experiences of it? This article originates out of on-going research that explores the practice of listening and sound and the ways in which the body can draw attention to the intuitive, emotional, and psychoanalytical processes of subjectivity and place-making. Drawing on Nigel Thrift’s concept of an ecology of place, I suggest that contemporary heightened concerns with regards to loss and lack in rural Australia has led to a nascent emotional economy – one in which individual and intimate connections to the rural require a rethinking of how we live community and belonging. In such a terrain, what does it mean to be rural?
Available in Selected Metros Only: Rural Melancholy and the Promise of Online Connectivity
Authors: Gregg Melissa
Published: November 2014

This article considers the benefits a cultural studies perspective can offer debates around rural and regional telecommunications provision. It begins with a critique of the metrocentrism dominant in recent scholarship of new media, arguing that academic, business and government discourses share progressivist assumptions in equating online connectivity with freedom. It highlights how the gap between the promotion of connectivity and actually existing infrastructure leads to an ontological resilience among rural residents who 'make do' with deferred promises of community and participation. The relationship this bears to the political subjectivities described in recent queer theory is briefly explored. The article develops to suggest that a parachute model of policy consultation privileges those in rural communities with the social and cultural capital to advance established interests – leaving the everyday lives of the majority of residents unrecognised. In encouraging ethnographic studies of technology use that spend time in rural locations, the paper concludes that the different priorities that drive country life – the prominence of environmental concerns, the importance of civic institutions, and above all, distance from the temporalities that dictate the terms for assessing political participation – offer important correctives to the ideologies of individualism and innovation that drive new media consumption.
Dreaming of Others: Carpentaria and its Critics
Authors: Ravenscroft Alison
Published: November 2014

White critical efforts to make meaning of Alexis Wright’s Carpentaria have sought to anchor it to the big names among white Australian novelists. Such moves presume to make Wright indebted to these literary ‘masters’, assessing the significance of her text by its proximity to theirs. This article explores how in these critics’ eyes white creativity appears as if it were the original creativity and argues that such moves are a way of refuses the text’s unfamiliarity and strangeness to a white reader.
Hired Hands: Casualised Technology and Labour in the Teaching of Cultural Studies
Authors: McKay Kieryn , Brass Kylie
Published: November 2014

This article examines the uptake and application of podcasting in a particular higher education context, drawing on the the authors' experience in late 2008 when both were employed as casual tutors on large-scale first-year communications and cultural studies courses at the University of Western Sydney. The article maps out the limits of technological innovation within the teaching of cultural studies, as well as its limits in promoting the radical potential of a cultural studies approach. It also charts some of the effects and affects of an over-reliance on casualised labour, which we argue can have a profoundly destabilising and atomising impact on academic practice and student engagement. We argue there is a parallel between the appropriation of popular media technologies into the university and the current system of casual academic employment in Australia, in that both the podcast and the casual academic represent ‘new’ interfaces of outsourced academic labour. Stipulated from our positions as casual teachers in cultural studies, this article is written from an embedded perspective which conceptualises both the podcast and the casual academic in line with the most prevalent mode of their employment in the academy: as ‘hired hands’, appendages to traditional models of pedagogy.
Colonial Subjectification: Foucault, Christianity and Governmentality
Authors: Petterson Christina
Published: November 2014

Foucault’s concept of pastoral power is envisioned as a technique of power developed from the medieval period and carried through into modern political rationalities. As such, it is an old power technique – which originated in Christian institutions – in a new political shape, which he coined governmentality. This article uses Foucault’s genealogy of pastoral power and governmentality to discuss the intersection of domination and technology of self in the Greenlandic colonial context and to bring out the central role of religion in Foucault’s conceptualisation of governmentality.
The Governor-General's Apology: Reflections on Anzac Day
Authors: Fischer Gerhard
Published: November 2014

In September 1999, the then governor-general of Australia, Sir William Deane, gave a speech to the Australian Conference on Lutheran Education where he offered an apology to members of the German Australian community for the 'tragic, and often shameful, discrimination against Australians of German origin fostered during the world wars'. This article reflects on a number of issues raised by the Governor-General's statement, most importantly on our understanding of the Anzac historiography and its various narratives.
Long term measurements of optical properties and their hygroscopic enhancement
Authors: Hervo M. , Sellegri K. , Pichon J. M. , Roger J. C. , Laj P.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Optical properties of aerosols were measured from the GAW Puy de Dôme station (1465 m) over a seven year period (2006–2012). The impact of hygroscopicity on aerosol optical properties was calculated over a two year period (2010–2011). The analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of the optical properties showed that while no long term trend was found, a clear seasonal and diurnal variation was observed on the extensive parameters (scattering, absorption). Scattering and absorption coefficients were highest during the warm season and daytime, in concordance with the seasonality and diurnal variation of the PBL height reaching the site. Intensive parameters (single scattering albedo, asymmetry factor, refractive index) did not show such a strong diurnal variability, but still indicated different values depending on the season. Both extensive and intensive optical parameters were sensitive to the air mass origin. A strong impact of hygroscopicity on aerosol optical properties was calculated, mainly on aerosol scattering, with a dependence on the aerosol type. At 90% humidity, the scattering factor enhancement (fσsca) was more than 4.4 for oceanic aerosol that have mixed with a pollution plume. Consequently, the aerosol radiative forcing was estimated to be 2.8 times higher at RH = 90% and 1.75 times higher at ambient RH when hygroscopic growth of the aerosol was considered. The hygroscopicity enhancement factor of the scattering coefficient was parameterized as a function of humidity and air mass type.
MIPAS temperature from the stratosphere to the lower thermosphere: Comparison of vM21 with ACE-FTS, MLS, OSIRIS, SABER, SOFIE and lidar measurements
Authors: García-Comas M. , Funke B. , Gardini A. , López-Puertas M. , Jurado-Navarro A. , von Clarmann T. , Stiller G. , Kiefer M. , Boone C. D. , Leblanc T. , Marshall B. T. , Schwartz M. J. , Sheese P. E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. We present vM21 MIPAS temperatures from the lower stratosphere to the lower thermosphere, which cover all optimized resolution measurements performed by MIPAS in the middle-atmosphere, upper-atmosphere and noctilucent-cloud modes during its lifetime, i.e., from January 2005 to April 2012. The main upgrades with respect to the previous version of MIPAS temperatures (vM11) are the update of the spectroscopic database, the use of a different climatology of atomic oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the improvement in important technical aspects of the retrieval setup (temperature gradient along the line of sight and offset regularizations, apodization accuracy). Additionally, an updated version of ESA-calibrated L1b spectra (5.02/5.06) is used. The vM21 temperatures correct the main systematic errors of the previous version because they provide on average a 1–2 K warmer stratopause and middle mesosphere, and a 6–10 K colder mesopause (except in high-latitude summers) and lower thermosphere. These lead to a remarkable improvement in MIPAS comparisons with ACE-FTS, MLS, OSIRIS, SABER, SOFIE and the two Rayleigh lidars at Mauna Loa and Table Mountain, which, with a few specific exceptions, typically exhibit differences smaller than 1 K below 50 km and than 2 K at 50–80 km in spring, autumn and winter at all latitudes, and summer at low to midlatitudes. Differences in the high-latitude summers are typically smaller than 1 K below 50 km, smaller than 2 K at 50–65 km and 5 K at 65–80 km. Differences between MIPAS and the other instruments in the mid-mesosphere are generally negative. MIPAS mesopause is within 4 K of the other instruments measurements, except in the high-latitude summers, when it is within 5–10 K, being warmer there than SABER, MLS and OSIRIS and colder than ACE-FTS and SOFIE. The agreement in the lower thermosphere is typically better than 5 K, except for high latitudes during spring and summer, when MIPAS usually exhibits larger vertical gradients.
Bayesian cloud detection for MERIS, AATSR, and their combination
Authors: Hollstein A. , Fischer J. , Carbajal Henken C. , Preusker R.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. A broad range of different of Bayesian cloud detection schemes is applied to measurements from the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR), and their combination. The cloud masks were designed to be numerically efficient and suited for the processing of large amounts of data. Results from the classical and naive approach to Bayesian cloud masking are discussed for MERIS and AATSR as well as for their combination. A sensitivity study on the resolution of multidimensional histograms, which were post-processed by Gaussian smoothing, shows how theoretically insufficient amounts of truth data can be used to set up accurate classical Bayesian cloud masks. Sets of exploited features from single and derived channels are numerically optimized and results for naive and classical Bayesian cloud masks are presented. The application of the Bayesian approach is discussed in terms of reproducing existing algorithms, enhancing existing algorithms, increasing the robustness of existing algorithms, and on setting up new classification schemes based on manually classified scenes.
A high-frequency atmospheric and seawater pCO2 data set from 14 open-ocean sites using a moored autonomous system
Authors: Sutton A. J. , Sabine C. L. , Maenner-Jones S. , Lawrence-Slavas N. , Meinig C. , Feely R. A. , Mathis J. T. , Musielewicz S. , Bott R. , McLain P. D. , Fought H. J. , Kozyr A.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. In an intensifying effort to track ocean change and distinguish between natural and anthropogenic drivers, sustained ocean time series measurements are becoming increasingly important. Advancements in the ocean carbon observation network over the last decade, such as the development and deployment of Moored Autonomous pCO2 (MAPCO2) systems, have dramatically improved our ability to characterize ocean climate, sea–air gas exchange, and biogeochemical processes. The MAPCO2 system provides high-resolution data that can measure interannual, seasonal, and sub-seasonal dynamics and constrain the impact of short-term biogeochemical variability on carbon dioxide (CO2) flux. Overall uncertainty of the MAPCO2 using in situ calibrations with certified gas standards and post-deployment standard operating procedures is < 2 μatm for seawater partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and < 1 μatm for air pCO2. The MAPCO2 maintains this level of uncertainty for over 400 days of autonomous operation. MAPCO2 measurements are consistent with shipboard seawater pCO2 measurements and GLOBALVIEW-CO2 boundary layer atmospheric values. Here we provide an open-ocean MAPCO2 data set including over 100 000 individual atmospheric and seawater pCO2 measurements on 14 surface buoys from 2004 through 2011 and a description of the methods and data quality control involved. The climate-quality data provided by the MAPCO2 have allowed for the establishment of open-ocean observatories to track surface ocean pCO2 changes around the globe. Data are available at doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.TSM_NDP092 and http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/Moorings/ndp092.
Efficient performance of the Met Office Unified Model v8.2 on Intel Xeon partially used nodes
Authors: Bermous I.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The atmospheric Unified Model (UM) developed at the UK Met Office is used for weather and climate prediction by forecast teams at a number of international meteorological centres and research institutes on a wide variety of hardware and software environments. Over its 25 year history the UM sources have been optimised for a better application performance on a number of HPC systems including NEC SX vector architecture systems and recently the IBM Power6/Power7 platforms. Understanding the influence of the compiler flags, MPI libraries and run configurations is crucial to achieving the shortest elapsed times for a UM application on any particular HPC system. These aspects are very important for applications that must run within operational time frames. Driving the current study is the HPC industry trend since 1980 for processor arithmetic performance to increase at a faster rate than memory bandwidth. This gap has been growing especially fast for multicore processors in the past 10 years and it can have significant implication for the performance and performance scaling of memory bandwidth intensive applications, such as the UM. Analysis of partially used nodes on Intel Xeon clusters is provided in this paper for short and medium range weather forecasting systems using global and limited-area configurations. It is shown that on the Intel Xeon based clusters the fastest elapsed times and the most efficient system usage can be achieved using partially committed nodes.
Quantitative high-resolution observations of soil water dynamics in a complicated architecture with time-lapse Ground-Penetrating Radar
Authors: Klenk P. , Jaumann S. , Roth K.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. High-resolution time-lapse Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) observations of advancing and retreating water tables can yield a wealth of information about near-surface water content dynamics. In this study, we present and analyze a series of imbibition, drainage and infiltration experiments which have been carried out at our artificial ASSESS test site and observed with surface based GPR. The test site features a complicated but known subsurface architecture constructed with three different kinds of sand. It allows studying soil water dynamics with GPR under a wide range of different conditions. Here, we assess in particular (i) the accurate determination of soil water dynamics averaged over the whole vertical extent by evaluating the bottom reflection and (ii) the feasibility of monitoring the dynamic shape of the capillary fringe reflection. The phenomenology of the GPR response of a dynamically changing capillary fringe is developed from a soil physical point of view. We then explain experimentally observed phenomena based on numerical simulations of both the water content dynamics and the expected GPR response.
Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy
Authors: Williams Colin C. , Martinez Alvaro
Published: November 2014

Over the past decade or so, two competing theoretical perspectives have arisen that explain participation in informal entrepreneurship as resulting from either too little or too much state intervention. To evaluate these competing explanations critically, the authors report on a 2012 UK survey of 595 small business owners. Twenty per cent of these owners said that they had traded informally when starting up their ventures, and the authors examine and evaluate their reasons for doing so. It was found that 41% of the entrepreneurs attributed their off-the-books trading to too little state intervention (for example, a lack of government advice and support), 35% to too much intervention (burdensome red tape, high taxes, etc) and 24% to a mix of both factors. However, a multivariate analysis displays significant socio-demographic, firm-level and regional variations in the reasons. The outcome is a call to move towards more nuanced context-bound explanations of entrepreneurship in the informal economy.
Emotions in the Classroom: The Role of Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence Ability in Predicting Students’ Achievement
Authors: Curci Antonietta , Lanciano Tiziana , Soleti Emanuela
Published: November 2014

School days can be a difficult time, especially when students are faced with subjects that require motivational investment along with cognitive effort, such as mathematics and sciences. In the present study, we investigated the effects of teachers’ emotional intelligence (EI) ability, self-efficacy, and emotional states and students’ self-esteem, perceptions of ability, and metacognitive beliefs in predicting school achievement. We hypothesized that the level of teacher EI ability would moderate the impact of students’ self-perceptions and beliefs about their achievements in mathematics and sciences. Students from Italian junior high schools (N = 338) and their math teachers (N = 12) were involved in the study, and a multilevel approach was used. Findings showed that teachers’ EI has a positive role in promoting students’ achievement, by enhancing the effects of students’ self-perceptions of ability and self-esteem. These results have implications for the implementation of intervention programs on the emotional, motivational, and metacognitive correlates of studying and learning behavior.
Mechanism of Resistance to Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin Antibiotics in Streptococcus thermophilus
Authors: Somkuti George A. , Renye John A. , Steinberg Dennis H.
Published: November 2014

Resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) group antibiotics in the dairy bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) is documented but the mechanism of resistance has not been elucidated. MIC values for erythromycin (Erm), azithromycin (Azm), tylosin (Tyl), spiramycin (Spm), pristinamycin (Prm) and virginiamycin S (Vir) were determined by the disk diffusion method. PCR products were obtained with primer pairs for the L4, L22 and 23S rDNA (domain V) genes. The sequencing results ruled out mutations in the L4 and L22 ribosomal proteins and the presence of rRNA methylase, efflux, and inactivating genes. However, sequencing of domain V in each of the six ribosomal alleles detected by EcoRI/I-CeuI digestion in ST mutants identified three types of mutations that led to MLS resistance. Type A mutants, induced by Erm, had high resistance to 14- and 15-membered ring macrolides (Erm, Azm) and streptogramin B antibiotics (Prm, Vir), moderate resistance to 16-membered ring macrolides (Tyl, Spm), but remained susceptible to lincomycin. In Type B mutants, also induced by Erm, resistance was high to Erm, Tyl and Spm, and moderate to lincomycin but sensitivity was retained to Prm. Type C mutants, induced by Prm, showed high resistance to 16-membered ring macrolides but remained sensitive to Erm, Azm and lincomycin. The three identifiable resistance patterns were apparently due to point mutations in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene, resulting in three phenotypes among resistant S. thermophilus isolates. Type A phenotype mutants had a C2611G mutation in five of the six ribosomal alleles, Type B phenotypes had a A2058G mutation in five alleles, and Type C variants had a A2062C mutation in all six alleles. Resistance to MLS antibiotics in S. thermophilus was inducible by 14- and 15-membered ring macrolides and streptogramin B type antibiotics but not by 16-membered ring macrolides or lincosamides.
Mediation van belastinggeschillen in Nederland
Authors: Vos Roelof
Published: November 2014

Mediation in tax disputes in the Netherlands

In this publication Roelof Vos gives a summary of the current mediation practice in tax disputes between tax payers and the tax authorities in the Netherlands. As of 2005 the mediation practice in tax matters has grown slowly and is there as alternative for litigation in court. Vos explains the position of so-called internal mediators of the tax authorities, confidentiality in case of criminal offenses and he gives a few practical examples of mediation in tax cases.
Fiscale bemiddeling in België: een curiosum?
Authors: Hensen Wendy
Published: November 2014

Tax mediation in Belgium: a curiosity?

Wendy Hensen analyzes the current Belgian legislation on tax mediation from the perspective of the traditional mediation doctrine. This legislation is in no way connected to the general set of rules on mediation incorporated into the Judicial Code. The question arises whether an internal comparative study between the two separate schemes can shed more light on potential bottlenecks in the current regulation. A comparison reveals significant differences in regard to the importance attributed to certain key elements of mediation, namely the principles of voluntary participation, confidentiality, party self-determination as well as the involvement of an independent and impartial third party who uses mediation methods and techniques. The customary interpretation and understanding of the concept ‘mediation’ apparently doesn’t apply to tax mediation. A brief overview of the Dutch mediation practice in fiscal affairs shows that a more holistic approach, in respect of the aforementioned principles, is nonetheless possible.
Analytical Dependence of the Ignition Dynamics Parameters on the Low-Z Impurity Concentration
Authors: Mahdavi Mohammad , Abedi Sayed Ebrahim
Published: November 2014

In this paper, thermonuclear burning of the deuterium-tritium (D/T) plasma of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target is studied in the presence of low-Z impurities (lithium, beryllium, and carbon) with arbitrary concentrations. The effect of impurities produced due to the mixing of the thermonuclear fuel with the material of the structural elements of the target during its compression on the process of target burning is studied. Also, the effect of impurity concentration on the plasma ignition parameters such as ignition temperature, confinement parameter ρR, and ignition energy are discussed. The models are constructed for an isobaric and an isochoric plasma for the case in which the burning is initiated in the central heated region of the target and then propagated into the surrounding relatively cold fuel. In ICF spherical implosions of the D/T fuel, the ignition parameters as ignition temperature and parameter ρR in the hot spot are approximately 7 - 10 keV and 0.2 - 0.4 g cm-2 respectively, and these values are increased by the presence of impurities.
Effect of Copper Toxicity on Root Morphology, Ultrastructure, and Copper Accumulation in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)
Authors: Chen Junren , Peng Danli , Shafi Mohammad , Li Song , Wu Jiasen , Ye Zhengqian , Yan Wenbo , Lu Kouping , Liu Dan
Published: November 2014

A hydroponic culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of copper toxicity on root morphology, ultrastructure, and copper accumulation in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). Root ultrastructure of Moso bamboo was studied by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Application of 200 μM Cu resulted in an accumulation of 810 mg kg-1 dry weight and 91 mg kg-1 dry weight Cu in roots and shoots, respectively. The majority of the plants did not survive the application of 400 μM Cu. Biomass production declined consistently with application of each additional increment of Cu. Root growth was more severely inhibited than shoot growth. Cu adversely affected the root morphology of the plants, however, root surface area and number of root tips increased slightly at low levels of Cu. Root cell ultrastructure and organelles changed significantly under Cu stress, in particular, cell walls, mitochondria, and xylem parenchyma were affected.