bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relevance of Attention Control, Not Working Memory, in Human Factors
Authors: Pak Richard , McLaughlin Anne Collins , Engle Randall
Published: February 2023

Objective

Discuss the human factors relevance of attention control (AC), a domain-general ability to regulate information processing functions in the service of goal-directed behavior.

Background

Working memory (WM) measures appear as predictors in various applied psychology studies. However, measures of WM reflect a mixture of memory storage and controlled attention making it difficult to interpret the meaning of significant WM-task relations for human factors. In light of new research, complex task performance may be better predicted or explained with new measures of attention control rather than WM.

Method

We briefly review the topic of individual differences in abilities in Human Factors. Next, we focus on WM, how it is measured, and what can be inferred from significant WM-task relations.

Results

The theoretical underpinnings of attention control as a high-level factor that affects complex thought and behavior make it useful in human factors, which often study performance in complex and dynamic task environments. To facilitate research on attention control in applied settings, we discuss a validated measure of attention control that predicts more variance in complex task performance than WM. In contrast to existing measures of WM or AC, our measures of attention control only require 3 minutes each (10 minutes total) and may be less culture-bound making them suitable for use in applied settings.

Conclusion

Explaining or predicting task performance relations with attention control rather than WM may have dramatically different implications for designing more specific, equitable task interfaces, or training.

Application

A highly efficient ability predictor can help researchers and practitioners better understand task requirements for human factors interventions or performance prediction.
Inspection path planning of free-form surfaces based on improved cuckoo search algorithm
Authors: Chen Yueping , Tan Bo , Zeng Linan
Published: February 2023

To address the problems of long run times, long path length and low efficiencies of traditional intelligent algorithms to optimise free-form surface inspection path algorithms, this paper proposes a method based on an improved cuckoo search algorithm. Since the basic cuckoo search algorithm suffers from problems such as low search efficiency and the tendency to fall into local optimum solutions, the basic cuckoo search algorithm is improved by using a parameter adaptive adjustment strategy and dynamic neighbourhood search strategy, so that the improved cuckoo search algorithm can obtain the optimised inspection path stably and quickly. The local composition of the free-form surface inspection path and the corresponding mathematical model are first analysed, and then traditional intelligent algorithms and the improved cuckoo search algorithm are applied to optimise the mathematical model. The results of inspection experiments conducted with an engine impeller showed that the improved cuckoo search algorithm reduced the length of the optimised inspection path by at least 8.6%, reduced the algorithm run time by at least 35%, and improved the inspection efficiency by at least 1.2% compared to those of the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, and ant colony Optimisation algorithm. The improved cuckoo search algorithm allows for effective free-form surface inspection path Optimisation and an improved inspection efficiency.
Social Media as Input for Recruiment: Does Women’s Relationship History Affect Candidate Evaluations?
Authors: Massar Karlijn , Ten Hoor Gill A.
Published: February 2023

We examine whether information about a female candidate’s relationship history, obtained from social media profiles, affects evaluations of her suitability for a student union board position. Moreover, we investigate whether it is possible to mitigate any bias against women with multiple partners by providing information about the origins of prejudice. We utilized a 2 (relationship history: multiple vs. one partner(s)) X 2 (mitigating information: explaining prejudice against promiscuous women vs. explaining prejudice against outgroups) experimental design across two studies. Participants were female students (Study 1: n = 209 American students; Study 2; n = 119 European students), who indicated whether they would hire the applicant for a job, and evaluated this applicant. Results show that generally, participants tended to evaluate the candidate with multiple partners less positively than the candidate with only one partner: They were less likely to hire her (Study 1), evaluated her less positively (Study 1), and considered her less of a fit with the organization (Study 1 and 2). The results regarding providing additional information were not consistent. Our findings suggest that private social media information can influence applicant evaluations and hiring decisions, and therefore organizations should be careful when utilizing social information in recruitment processes.
The Varieties of Civilian Praetorianism: Evidence From Sudan’s Coup Politics
Authors: Ben Hammou Salah
Published: February 2023

This study explores the varieties of civilian praetorianism or the different ways in which civilians enable and support military coups. It specifically argues that by shaping their access to different sets of resources, civilians’ proximity to the political establishment and their level of social capital influence their method of support. Civilians linked to the political establishment wield resources better suited for enabling praetorianism through tactics like initiating or plotting coup conspiracies with military officers. Conversely, civilians with high levels of social capital hold resources valuable for consolidating praetorianism through tactics like providing post-coup support and neutralizing anti-coup opposition. Qualitative evidence from three coup episodes in Sudan demonstrates the argument’s plausibility. By explaining the important variation in civilian capabilities and resources, this study advances research on civilian coup involvement, which—although understudied—is critical to understanding coup politics.
The Red Soil
Authors: Lhaskyabs Stanzin
Published: February 2023

Ever since Ladakh separated from the erstwhile Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and became the youngest Indian Union Territory in August 2019, there is a lingering ambiguity about what it means for its people. This poem – Red Soil – is an expression of feelings of insecurity faced by the people of Ladakh, especially its youth, as an alternative expression of marginalized voices as resistance to statist voices. Ever since the 1800s, Ladakh has been subject to colonization, when it was first captured by the Dogra Dynasty. Contextualizing Ladakh’s past, the poem is titled, Red Soil, which is the English translation of the ancient name of Ladakh – Maryul (Mar means red and Yul means a country in Bhoti/Ladakhi/Tibetan language). This poem, first presented at Millennium’s 2021 conference, is also a response to calls to subvert traditional styles of academic writing within critical international relations and is situated in the autoethnographic method (Brigg and Bleiker 2010).
An Unusual Case of Headache in a Child: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension with Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Alqahtani Youssef Ali M , Aljabri Mohammed Fahad , Oshi Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Kamal Naglaa M , Elhaj Waleed , Abosabie Sara A , Abosabie Salma AS
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

In children, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is relatively uncommon. It is characterized by an increase in intracranial pressure, in the absence of evidence of underlying brain disease, structural abnormalities, hydrocephalus, or abnormal meningeal improvement. However, very rarely it can occur without papilledema, even though it is the most recognizable clinical sign. Due to this, a delay in diagnosis can lead to severe visual impairments.

Case presentation:

We describe a patient with a chronic headache but no papilledema. His neurological and systemic examinations were otherwise unremarkable. A lumbar puncture revealed a high opening pressure of 450 mmH2O and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed only tortuous optic nerves, no parenchymal lesions, and no evidence of venous sinus thrombosis. He required acetazolamide treatment. Our patient’s symptoms improved significantly in 2 months with medical treatment, weight loss, and exercise, with no development of papilledema.

Conclusion:

There is a wide range of clinical manifestations of IIH, making it difficult to decide when to begin treatment.
Love, sex, and other dangers – intimate partner relationships of young ethnic queers in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Nakhid Camille , Vano Lourdes , Tuwe Makanaka , Ali Zina Abu
Published: February 2023

Open and long-term intimate partner relationships are missing from the landscape of the queer ethnic community in Aotearoa New Zealand. For young ethnic queers, this lack of visibility denies them knowledge of how ethnic queers form and develop intimate partner relationships in a society that marginalizes their ethnicity, and communities that stigmatize their queerness. Similarly, very little is known about the perceptions and experiences of intimate queer relationships among ethnic young people. Using data from a qualitative study of 43 young ethnic queers living in Aotearoa New Zealand, this paper aims to provide information on what young ethnic queers experience or expect from intimate partner relationships, and how family, community, and their own beliefs impact these relationships. The study showed that intimate partner relationships among queer ethnic young people were as diverse as the people and cultures, and young ethnic queers did not necessarily have prescribed ways for how these relationships took place. Importantly, despite the pressures and expectations from their communities for heterosexual relationships, young ethnic queers sought the intimacy and affirmation of intimate partner relationships.
Digital transformation of journalism and media in Serbia: What has gone wrong?
Authors: Krstic Aleksandra
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to sketch a brief history of complex digital transformation of media and journalism in the context of Serbia, a European country which has undergone politically turbulent transition from authoritarian to democratic rule over the past 20 years. Despite the long process of the EU integration, the country has been recently downgraded to a partly free hybrid regime with rapid decline of press freedom, high political and media polarization and raising political and economic instrumentalization of media. Against this background, the paper problematizes how the main structural transformations of the media environment, such as the transition from state to public broadcasting, the introduction of new media laws and the lengthy process of media privatization intersected and influenced different phases and outcomes of the digital transformation of journalism and news media in the country. Unlike the digital journalism development in established democracies of the West, the real systemic change and adaptation of Serbia’s media market to easy-to-use technologies, newsrooms convergence, profitable content and participatory journalism has been largely limited and overpowered by the interplay between the state and the media over the past two decades.
Rehabilitation Role in Sport Injury
Authors: Defi Irma Ruslina
Published: February 2023

Rehabilitation is the restoration of optimal form (anatomy) and function (physiology). It is a method created to enhance functional capacity, fitness, and performance while minimizing the loss associated with acute injury or chronic disease. The rehabilitation process should begin as soon as possible after an accident, and it should be integrated into a continuum with other therapeutic interventions including the use of pharmaceutical medications. The athlete’s goal to return to the same sport and setting where the injury happened must be taken into account in the rehabilitation strategy. Functional capacity after recovery should be the same as before injury because avoiding the circumstances associated to the injury is frequently not an option. Many injuries may occur because the rehabilitation of a previous injury was not complete. Understanding risk factors associated with sports injuries can help in the design of rehabilitation strategies resulting in a lower incidence and severity of injuries. Rehabilitation principles can be applied in a sports injury clinic but also as part of the health care services for a travelling team. Rehabilitation after a sports injury has become a specialty in the modern era. For an athlete, returning to the competition after a sports injury needs an interdisciplinary, specific, and individualized rehabilitation process. Rehabilitation following a sports injury is critical to ensure full recovery, minimize time away from sports, and avoid reinjury. Immobilization, range of motion (ROM), strength, and return to activity are the four stages of the rehabilitation process. Each phase is divided into three subcategories: modalities, exercises, and cardiorespiratory. A rehabilitation program also includes agility, proprioceptive/kinesthetic training, and strength and flexibility. Injured athletes resume sport-specific activities as their condition improves in preparation for a return to play. The incomplete rehabilitation of a prior injury can lead to numerous ailments. Understanding the risk factors for sports-related injuries can aid in the development of rehabilitation plans that will reduce the frequency and severity of injuries. The incomplete rehabilitation of a prior injury can lead to numerous ailments. Understanding the risk factors for sports-related injuries can help the development of rehabilitation plans that will reduce the frequency and severity of injuries.
Pectoralis Major Repair with Double Button Sliding Tension Technique
Authors: Artha Arrisna
Published: February 2023

Background:

Pectoralis major rupture is often is weightlifters, commonly during benchpressing, eccentric phase of contraction and external rotation under maximum contraction. Preoperative imaging is use to differentiate between complete, partial, or intermuscular tear. In athelete patient, operative treatment has shown better result in return of strength and overall satisfaction over nonoperative treatment.

Objectives:

We described a surgical technique in 6 patients with acute pectoralis major rupture, with double button sliding technique.

Methods:

A deltopectoral approach is performed, and identify pectoralis major tendon and each tendon is secured with No.2 non absorbable braided suture using a modified krackow configuration. A 3.2 mm drill is used to make a unicortical hole at footprint. Two button were inserted and tensioned follow by knot-tying.

Results:

After six months evaluation, all patients underwent surgery with double button sliding tension technique returned to their pre-injury level.

Conclusion:

Double button tension sliding technique in pectoralis major rupture had excellent result, patients have returned to sport without complication.
Management of Multiligament Knee Injury
Authors: Nagib Isa An
Published: February 2023

Multiligament knee injuries are defined as injuries to at least two of the four major ligaments in the knee: anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, lateral collateral ligament (and posterolateral corner) and medial collateral ligament (and posteromedial corner). Multiple ligament knee injuries that results from high energy trauma, may have nerve and vascular injuries, therefore neurovascular examination with clear documentation of capillary refill time, distal pulses, function of all lower limb compartments and common peroneal and tibial nerve function should be performed. Before definitive treatment performed, we have to classified the multiligament injury according to the energy of the injury and the anatomic injured structures. MRI still recommended to know about the ligaments injury. The goal and our priority treatment is to obtain functional stability of the knee without the loss of motion or stiffnes that can lead to longterm pain, weakness, and the subsequent osteoarthritis.
Practical Approach to Address Failed ACL Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Wien
Published: February 2023

The causes of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) failure can be divided into 3 major categories. Non-anatomic tunnel placement has been the most widely stated technical error in ACL repair. A thorough medical history is necessary and crucial to determine the likely cause of failure in the initial surgery. As such, the medical history and physical examination should be evaluated. In addition, physical examination of the knee should be performed such as alignment of lower extremities, existence of varus and or valgus deformity, presence of contractures in flexion or extension and special tests to evaluate ACL. Moreover, imaging by radiography which includes anteroposterior, lateral, Merchant and Rosenberg views must be consider evaluating. Failure of an ACLR may not necessarily need revision surgery. Patients with bi/tri-compartmental arthritis or regional pain syndromes, those without recurring instability, those who live a sedentary lifestyle, or those who refuse to participate in post-operative rehabilitation may not be ideal candidates for revision ACLR. Patients with a failed ACL reconstruction commonly presenting with sign and symptoms of instability, stiffness, and pain. The choice of graft is critical to procedure’s success. In the revision setting, fixation is just as critical as graft selection. The aim of the revision surgery is to stabilize the knee joint, prevent further damage to the cartilage and the menisci, and allow the patient to resume normal daily and/or sports activities. A successful revision surgery requires accurate preoperative patient evaluation and knee imaging.
Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) and Lateral Extraarticular Tenodesis Using Modified Lemaire Technique versus ACLR alone : A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Damayanthi Essy Dwi , Kholinne Erica , Singjie Leonard Christianto
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture was the most common injury that occurred in the knee. Reconstruction was the most common operative management used. After primary ACL reconstruction, a rerupture can be devastating. Several extraarticular procedures have been proposed to resolve rotatory instability, such as tenodesis. We determined to conduct a meta-analysis comparing ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with lateral extraarticular tenodesis (LET) using the modified Lemaire technique and evaluated the risk of failure or re-rupture rate and the outcome.

Method:

We conducted a meta-analysis based on The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The search was conducted in June 2022 on several databases: PubMed, EBSCOHost, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and WileyOnline using Boolean operators focusing on PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome). Included studies will be extracted for characteristics such as author and study year, location, design, sample characteristics, failure (graft or clinical failure), and outcome (KOOS score, functional outcome, clinical outcome). Studies will be qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated using Review Manager 5.4 or equivalent.

Result:

Search was conducted and resulted in the five final studies with 797 patients. ACLR + LET has a lower risk of failure or re-rupture ratio than ACLR alone (RR= 0.44; 95% CI 0.26 – 0.75; I2=9%; p= 0.003). There were differences in the KOOS pain score, ADL score, sports score and QOL score with mean difference of 0.20 (95% CI 0.10, 0.30; I2=0%; p <0.0001), -0.20 (95% CI -0.26, -0.13; I2=0%; p <0.00001), 0.20 (95% CI 0.02, 0.38; I2=0%; p= 0.03), and 0.50 (95% CI 0.29, 0.71; I2=0%; p< 0.00001) respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant mean difference in the International Knee Documentation Committee score of 0.70 (95% CI 0.57, 0.83; I2=0%; p <0.000001). However, there were no significant differences in Lysholm score, and Tegner score between groups.

Conclusion:

LET was considered adequate in adjunction to ACLR, to minimize rerupture rate, and to improve stability and laxity of the knee to improve clinical outcome
The Use of Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block in Hip Surgery
Authors: Dusak I Wayan Suryanto , Ciatawi Kartini
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a recently introduced pain control method indicated for hip fracture. Anterior capsule is the most abundantly innervated site of the joint. Therefore, unlike the common performed peripheral block, PENG block was proposed to provide a complete analgesia.

Objective:

This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of PENG block in hip fracture surgery and hip arthroplasty.

Methods:

A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalKey databases until July 31st 2022 with the following keyword: “pericapsular nerve group block”. Results: Nine studies were included in the final qualitative synthesis. Compared to most commonly performed peripheral nerve blocks (femoral nerve block (FNB) or fascia iliac compartment block (FICB)), the PENG block seemed to offer better pain control (three studies reported better post-operative pain score (VAS) and one showed immediate pain improvement at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after block). The PENG block also increased the period of analgesic-free window and lowered the amount of opioid use. Mobility and length of stay were reported superior in PENG block. A study comparing PENG block with periarticular infiltration also reported lower cumulative opioid consumption, although it is not significant. In one study, PENG block was compared with no block and resulted in significantly better post-operative pain, lesser opioid dose, longer time to first opioid need, and better mobility. If not fewer, adverse events were comparable in PENG block than other techniques.

Conclusion:

Pericapsular nerve group block appears to have beneficial effects in hip surgery. This analgesic method may provide better outcomes in pain control, use of opioid, mobility, and length of hospital stay. However, future studies are expected to confirm these results.
Enhancement of Anterior Cruciate ligament Reconstruction using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Rahyussalim AJ , Nasser Mochammad Kamal , Hutami Wintang Dayinta Tanaya
Published: February 2023

One of the most common injuries in orthopaedic field is anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, which accounts for more than 50% of all knee injuries and has an estimated incidence rate of 60.9 per 100,000 persons. Untreated ACL injuries may lead to postural instability, increase in meniscal injury rates, and osteoarthritis that develops more gradually. The gold standard treatment for ACL tears is arthroscopic reconstruction using an autograft or allograft tendon. However, graft failure during an ACL reconstruction (ACLR) can considerably delay recovery and lead to revision ACLR operation that has worse prognosis. A number of regenerative techniques, including stem cells, biomaterials, and bioactive compounds, have been researched and shown to be efficient. The injection of stem cells as biological augmentation has been suggested as a method to enhance the results of ACLR. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in particular can differentiate into a number of terminally differentiated progenitors that can be used to create mesenchymal-derived tissues and to speed up the healing process by influence the microenvironment to promote angiogenesis, promote regeneration, and prevent the formation of scar tissue. The goal of this study is to outline the present use of stem cells as an augmentation in ACLR.
Long Head Biceps Tendon as An Alternative Graft for Shoulder Superior Capsular Reconstruction: a Case Report
Authors: Allo Yohannes Toban Layuk , Rasyid Renaldi P.H Nagar , Prasetya Wemdi Priya
Published: February 2023

Large and massive rotator cuff tears can be irreparable and pose significant treatment challenge. Superior capsular reconstruction has been reported as an option to treat such injury, and may effectively maintain superior stability and prevent progression into rotator cuff arthropathy. Several authors had introduced long head of biceps tendon as a graft alternative to original tensor fascia latae or higher-cost dermal allograft. We reported a post-operative significant improvement in clinical range of motion and radiograph acromiohumeral distance in a 64 year old male with massive rotator cuff tear treated with superior capsular reconstruction using long head of biceps tendon, in combination with partial repair of rotator cuff. We believe that long head biceps of tendon may serves as a viable and effective graft option for superior shoulder reconstruction.
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation Treated with Arthroscopic Approach: A Case Report
Authors: Frinces Hefson D , Winata Fahroni C
Published: February 2023

Peroneal tendon dislocation is usually manifested as ankle instability and pain. Peroneal tendon dislocation is caused by ruptured of superior peroneal retinaculum (SPR) due to anatomical abnormality. SPR can be damaged due to excessive contraction force of dorsiflexion of the foot. The epidemiology of this pathology is also uncertain, because peroneal tendon dislocation is often mistaken for lateral ankle ligament sprain. The treatment should include conservative treatment and surgical treatment if it fails.

A 20-year-old Indonesian Male attended orthopedic consultation with pain and snapping of the lateral side of left foot from 2 years ago after twisting his ankle during a recreational sport. Snapping was felt when doing sport exercise and in certain position. The tendon dislocation can be seen after that. On examination, he felt pain on palpation and snapping on lateral side of the ankle. The left ankle was snapped in a dorsiflexion and plantarflexion positions and can return into normal position.

After conservative therapy, the condition did not improve. Then surgical intervention was suggested. Patient was operated on June 21st 2022 on a operating room with lateral decubitus position under subarachnoid anesthesia. The surgery was done with arthroscopic approach.

During operation we found a SPR disruption, peroneus longus tendon longitudinal tear, low lying peroneus brevis muscle belly and shallow retromaleolar groove. These finding may increase the risk of dislocation. We performed a peroneus longus debridement, peroneal brevis muscle excision, retromaleolar groove deepening, and SPR repair are our best choice of treatment. Short leg splint and physiotherapy exercise were applied after surgery.

Presented case of peroneal dislocation is very low. Usually for this case is best treated with surgical intervention. By using arthroscopy, we can detect abnormality and treat them at once. SPR repair and groove deepening with arthroscopic approach can offers a satisfactory outcome.
Aseptic non-union fracture of ulna but union fracture of radius following internal fixation procedure: A case report
Authors: Prasetiyo Gregorius Thomas , Ismiarto Yoyos Dias
Published: February 2023

Fractures of the forearm typically can be managed by surgical fixation with high success rate. However, some proportion of patients may show post-operative complications, including non-union fracture. We report a unique case of ulnar non-union but union fracture of radius which concurrently happened in a woman presenting 1 year after open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) procedure. The patient did not have any complaints but there is some swelling in the ulnar region. Intraoperative findings revealed a darkening tissue near the ulnar implants with the histopathological analysis showed infiltration of lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, histiocytes, and some giant cells. Culture from the non-union tissue of ulna also showed no growth of microorganism which suggest an aseptic case of non-union. This case was successfully managed by performing re-ORIF along with bone grafting. At the follow-up visits, there is no complaints or complications observed and union of ulna was already achieved.
Comparation of Clinical Outcome of Surgical vs. Conservative Management for Ankle Fracture Weber Type B: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mahardika I Made Yudi , Astawa Putu
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

An ankle fracture or broken ankle occurs when the distal tibia or fibula, which make up the ankle joint, are fractured or broken. Soft-tissue injuries, especially to the ankle ligaments, are frequently seen. Accurate reduction of the fracture and syndesmosis is crucial in the treatment of ankle fractures in order to promote bone union and enhance patient functional results. While more unstable injuries are typically treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) utilizing g a variety of techniques, including plates and screws or tightrope, more stable injuries are frequently treated conservatively with close contact casts or braces. There isn’t a recent systematic review in the literature that covers the best choice of treatment for Weber B fractures. Thus, it was essential to perform this study in order to assess the base of evidence about the surgical and non-surgical treatment of Weber B fractures.

Method:

A systematic review was comparison of clinical outcome between surgical versus conservative for Ankle Fracture Weber type B. in 256 records from various databases. After the process of identification, screening, eligibility, duplication elimination, and exclusion, the remaining 4 studies were included in qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The Review Manager version 5.4 software (RevMan; The Cochrane collaboration Oxford, England) to perform all statistical analyses

Discussion:

This study reviewed 4 trials with a total of 1208 participants. Of these, 4 trials focused on AO-type-B distal fibula fracture. Overall, all of the studies that reported functional outcomes found no difference between surgical and conservative management.

Conclusion:

Both surgical and conservative care of displaced or unstable ankle fractures in adults result in similar functional outcomes and are both appropriate treatment methods
Controversial Treatment Choice to Manage Lateral Meniscus Posterior Root Tear: A Case Report
Authors: E Handi Suntama , Nugraha Muhammad Ilham Satya , Putra Ramadhan Ananditia
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Meniscus root tears are defined as radial tears within 1 cm of the meniscus insertion, or avulsions at the insertion of the meniscus. Based on tear morphology, there are 2 classification system for both medial and lateral posterior root tears. Lateral meniscus posterior root tear (LMPRT) is usually traumatic in nature and has been reported to occur in 7-10% of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The most commonly utilized treatments for LMPRT include non-operative treatment, partial meniscectomy, or repair. However, studies evaluating the clinical success of partial meniscectomy for LMPRT are contradictory.

Case Report:

A 18 years old man came to the orthopaedic clinic with complaints of pain in the right knee, after 2 months excessive physical training to join the police academy. Physical examination of the right knee showed positive results on McMurray and Thesaly’s test. According the combination of the cleft, truncated triangle, and ghost signs on the patient’s MRI examination which showed there was a lateral meniscus posterior root tear of the right knee without ACL injury. Meniscus repair was performed for this patient at the beginning, but apparently the meniscus can not be repositioned. Therefore, we decided that Arthroscopy Partial Meniscectomy (APM) was the best option for this patient.

Conclusion:

Even though APM long term outcomes is still controversial, when repair is not possible, APM is preferred to get short term benefits after the surgery, such as shorter recovery time and less revision surgery rates.
Intra-articular injection of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in sheep models of meniscectomy-induced osteoarthritis: An experimental study
Authors: Lubis Andri Maruli Tua , Situmeang Adrian , Canintika Anissa Feby , Subangkit Mawar , Rakhmawati Handina , Nugroho Stefan , Prawira Matheus Alvin , Murti Harry , Boediono Arief
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) implantation suspended in hyaluronic acid (HA) has been proven to delay worsening of articular cartilage degeneration in the knee joint. This has been the treatment of choice for young patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA); however, it is associated with morbidities such as requirement of multiple procedures, donor site morbidity and failure in achieving cultured cells with chondrogenic properties. Our study investigates the possibility of direct intra articular injection of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) for sheep models of meniscectomy-induced osteoarthritis.

Methods:

Twelve sheeps with the same characteristics was osteoarthritically induced with lateral meniscectomy and a series of routine exercise. Those sheep were divided into four groups with 3 sheep each. The groups are the control group, intra articular HA (hyalgan G-F 20; Synvisc®) injection group, intra articular hUC-MSCs group, intra articular hUC-MSCs suspended in HA group. The sheeps were sacrificed four weeks post-treatment for gross pathology and histopathology graded according to the Osteoarthritic Research Society International (OARSI) system.

Results:

The intra articular hUC-MSCs suspended in HA group showed better gross pathology and histopathology grade compared to control groups (p<0.05) according to the OARSI system. The hUC-MSCs suspended in HA group microscopically showed superior chondrocyte number and varying degrees of cellular regeneration of articular cartilage.

Conclusion:

The use of intra articular hUC-MSCs suspended in HA is an option in treating KOA. Its efficacy in articular cartilage regeneration would be further explained in clinical trials.
The Application of the Novel Femoral-Epiphyseal Acetabular Roof (FEAR) Index
Authors: Dusak I Wayan Suryanto , Ciatawi Kartini
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Femoral-epiphyseal acetabular roof (FEAR) index is a recently introduced tool. It was proposed to be able to identify instability of the hip. Moreover, its use has been studied for predicting the outcome of surgery.

Objective:

We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the implication of FEAR index.

Methods:

A systematic computerised database search (Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalKey) was performed until July 31st 2022 for articles related to FEAR index.

Results:

Eleven studies were included in this systematic review. The FEAR index showed a very good interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (range: 0.778-0.99). Five studies (553 hips) assessed the use of FEAR index for hip instability. All studies indicated that the FEAR index was associated with hip instability despite differences in diagnosis (three borderline dysplastic hip, one femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), one developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH)). Five other studies involving a total of 686 hips evaluated the relation of FEAR index and surgery outcome in borderline instability. Three studies demonstrated a significant relationship of FEAR index and surgery success, with two studies suggested combination of FEAR index with AWI and/or PWI and one study proposed the use of ≥4˚ as the cut-off value for predictor of failed surgery. Two remaining studies that dichotomised PENG block by the value of 2˚ failed to show a significant relationship between FEAR index and success of surgery. In addition, two studies reported that FEAR index was able to differentiate FAI from DDH and two others discovered that FEAR index was significantly different in types of received surgery.

Conclusion:

The FEAR index is a relatively new index and only few studies have been conducted. This index may become a useful tool; however, further studies with high-quality design are needed to confirm its utilities and determine cut-off values accordingly.
Towards literacies of immanence: Getting closer to sensory multimodal perspectives on research
Authors: Pool Steve , Rowsell Jennifer , Sun Yun
Published: February 2023

In this article, we propose ‘literacies of immanence’ as a term for sensory-laden, embodied multimodal practices that happen when researchers get out of the way to allow for modal diversity in meaning making. The learning encounters that we observed during our research combined senses with a kaleidoscope of modes that were hard to describe through more traditional multimodal methods. Literacies of immanence is the most fitting phrase for these practices because they were fluid, open, and they did not rely on written and spoken texts. Researching in a primary and secondary special school that are part of an academy trust in the southwest of England, the research team engaged in research-creation propositions (Truman, 2021) where we watched and built on multimodal meaning making supplementing it with story-making activities. Writing and sharing fieldnotes and filming interactions, we abandoned original plans and instead shaped methods and theoretical framings around the population of learners we met. Fieldnotes were shared on a blog and filmmaking helped us to describe and draw out multimodal, immanent literacies and their epiphanic qualities. This article features fieldnotes along with images of multimodal-sensory encounters and ways that they helped us relate to the learners, their teachers and Head Teacher as well as each other as researchers. The article is of relevance to researchers looking for ways to capture visible and invisible modal practices at work across settings and a movement away from a definite or true-false rendering of multimodality to one that allows for divergent ways of being with modes.
Development and Psychometric Properties of a health-promoting self-care behavior scale (HPSCB-S) in recovered patients from Drug Addiction
Authors: Narenji Mehrdad Assadian , Khazaee-Pool Maryam , Iranpour Abedin
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives

Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disease. Practicing self-care is one of the rules offered by therapists to improve the withdrawal process and prevent relapse. Based on the evidence, health beliefs, including Pender’s proposed model, are significantly effective in adopting self-care behaviors in patients. On the other hand, in order to evaluate preventive interventions regarding drug use and relapse of drug use; Having a good and appropriate tool is a special priority. Therefore, the present study aims to design and determine the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire for measuring health-promoting self-care behaviors in patients recovered from drug addiction has been carried out in the west of Mazandaran province.

Methods

The current study is a cross-sectional descriptive methodological research. In the first stage, the items and primary classes of the new tool were extracted based on the review of studies consistent with Pender’s self-care promotion and a questionnaire was designed. In the second stage, the psychometric characteristics of the designed questionnaire were examined using face validity, content validity, construct validity and reliability. In the construct validity, the number of participants was 245 for exploratory factor analysis and 203 for confirmatory factor analysis. In the reliability test, 25 people participated to check internal consistency and test-retest. Random sampling was done from 12 drug addiction treatment clinics in two cities of Tonkabon and Ramsar in the west of Mazandaran province during 2021–2022. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software version 23.

Results

The exploratory factor analysis revealed 7 factors containing 29 item explained more than 61% of the total observed variance. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data fit the model. In the reliability test, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient indicated the appropriate internal consistency of the tool and retesting the tool with an interval of 2 weeks showed acceptable stability of the tool.

Conclusion

The present study showed that the researcher-made questionnaire has good validity and reliability and can be used to measure self-care behaviors of patients who have recovered from addiction in order to provide appropriate solutions to prevent the relapse of drug use.
RNA-seq reveals novel mechanistic targets of Livin in bladder cancer
Authors: Li Xianwen , Fu Chunhua , Li Guofeng , He Haolin
Published: February 2023

Background

Bladder cancer is a very common malignancy with a high recurrence rate. The survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is poor, and new therapies are needed. Livin has been reported to be upregulated in bladder cancer and influence the proliferation of cancer cells.

Materials and methods

The Livin gene in human bladder cancer cell line T24 was knocked out, and the differentially expressed genes were identified by RNA-seq and qPCR.

Results

Livin knockdown affects gene expression and has strong negative effects on some cancer-promoting pathways. Furthermore, combined with bladder cancer clinical sample data downloaded from TCGA and GEO, 2 co-up-regulated genes and 58 co-down-regulated genes were identified and validated, which were associated with cancer proliferation and invasion.

Conclusion

All these results suggest that Livin plays an important role in bladder cancer and could be a potential anticancer target in clinical therapy.
Introducing assisted reproductive technologies in The Gambia, a survey on the perspectives of Gambian healthcare professionals and medical students
Authors: Bittaye Haddy , Mooney Jason P. , Afferri Anna , Balen Julie , Kay Vanessa
Published: February 2023

Background

Infertility remains a global reproductive health burden with the highest prevalence in low and middle-income countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, the ability to procreate holds great societal importance. Couples, and particularly women, with infertility can face devastating challenges, leading to social stigma, isolation and/or divorce. However, attention to addressing infertility is lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. In The Gambia, where this study is based, little is known about the potential for introduction of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the public health sector.

Methods

A quantitative survey was conducted using detailed questionnaires on infertility services available, staff knowledge, perceived barriers, and personal motivation to support assisted reproductive technologies. Data was collected electronically between April and June 2021 from healthcare providers (n = 70) in eleven health facilities throughout the country, as well as from medical students (n = 55) enrolled at The University of The Gambia.

Results

Basic infertility services were found to be lacking in the rural areas. Furthermore, 39% of staff (n = 27) providing fertility care had not receive any formal training on the topic. However, 91% of staff (n = 64) showed interest in acquiring additional knowledge and had a positive attitude towards supporting the introduction of ART. Perceived challenges of doing so included: (i) the competing importance of other health priorities; and (ii) religious and cultural barriers.

Conclusion

This survey highlights that expansion of infertility services is needed, especially in rural areas. Staff perceived the introduction of ART as important, but this should be coupled with specialized training, as most medical staff had not received any formal infertility training. Future care providers (current medical students) showed both interest in ART and reported having received some basic training in infertility management. Given the reported lack of infrastructure and services, additional targeted investment in infertility care, including ART, will be needed to improve reproductive health for all, countrywide.
The effects of flow settings during high-flow nasal cannula support for adult subjects: a systematic review
Authors: Li Jie , Albuainain Fai A. , Tan Wei , Scott J. Brady , Roca Oriol , Mauri Tommaso
Published: February 2023

Background

During high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy, flow plays a crucial role in the physiological effects. However, there is no consensus on the initial flow settings and subsequent titration. Thus, we aimed to systematically synthesize the effects of flows during HFNC treatment.

Methods

In this systematic review, two investigators independently searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane for in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the effects of flows in HFNC treatment published in English before July 10, 2022. We excluded studies that investigated the pediatric population (< 18 years) or used only one flow. Two investigators independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. The study protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022345419.

Results

In total, 32,543 studies were identified, and 44 were included. In vitro studies evaluated the effects of flow settings on the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2), positive end-expiratory pressure, and carbon dioxide (CO2) washout. These effects are flow-dependent and are maximized when the flow exceeds the patient peak inspiratory flow, which varies between patients and disease conditions. In vivo studies report that higher flows result in improved oxygenation and dead space washout and can reduce work of breathing. Higher flows also lead to alveolar overdistention in non-dependent lung regions and patient discomfort. The impact of flows on different patients is largely heterogeneous.

Interpretation

Individualizing flow settings during HFNC treatment is necessary, and titrating flow based on clinical findings like oxygenation, respiratory rates, ROX index, and patient comfort is a pragmatic way forward.