bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por que o sarampo voltou ao Brasil após erradicação em 2016? Razões para o regresso do patógeno ao país.
Authors: Lazzaretti Camilla , Ferri Milena Henrique
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Vacinas são métodos profiláticos, pois conferem imunidade após exposição a determinados antígenos. Tal método pode auxiliar na erradicação de doenças, assim como o Sarampo (SAP) até o ano de 2018. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar o número de casos atuais de SAP bem como os prováveis motivos do retorno do patógeno ao Brasil. Metodologia: O estudo é uma revisão narrativa da  literatura, por meio das bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; SciELO; Lilacs; e Pubmed. Os descritores utilizados foram: “vacinas, movimento antivacinação, imunização, cobertura vacinal, recusa da vacina e sarampo”. Resultados: Em 2018 ocorreram 10.330 casos de SAP no país, e em 2019 até o mês de setembro notificou-se 3.729 registros. O principal motivos para o retorno deste patógeno foi a queda da cobertura vacinal, e esta é levada por inúmeras razões: (i) desinformação; (ii) situação sociocultural da população; (iii) condições socioeconômicas; (iv) baixa escolaridade; (v)  falhas governamentais de políticas; (vi) imigração de países próximos e questões (vii) questões demográficas. Conclusão: Observa-se a relevância enfatizar para a população a importância da vacinação, por meio de políticas de saúde pública. Desta forma, o Brasil poderá diminuir o número de casos e buscar a certificação de erradicação.
Polimorfismo TGFB1 +29 não influencia apresentação clínica de pacientes com leishmaniose visceral
Authors: Santos Claudio Ramos dos , Leite Ana Caroline Lopes , Harakawa Rafaela Tiemi , Matarazo João Guilherme Araujo , Santos Elaine Cristina Negri , Carneiro Luiz Euribel Prestes , Carvalho Thaís Batista de , Peresi-Lordelo Eliana
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação do SNP TGFB1+29 com a leishmaniose visceral (LV), além de verificar sua relevância funcional na resposta imune, através da associação com parâmetros clínicos e a gravidade da doença. Materiais e métodos: Foram genotipados 28 pacientes com diagnóstico comprovado para LV, por quadro clínico-epidemiológico e/ou diagnóstico imunológico, considerados curados e acompanhados pós-tratamento. Como controles, foram estudados 20 indivíduos saudáveis, não portadores de LV prévia ou outra doença infecciosa. A avaliação do SNP TGFB1+29 foi realizada através da técnica de discriminação alélica por PCR em tempo real. As análises foram realizadas pelo teste do ?2, considerando p<0,05 como significativo. Resultados: Ambos os grupos de estudo apresentaram uma frequência de distribuição dos alelos T e C similar, portanto, não mostraram diferença significativa (p=0,1146). Com relação aos genótipos, os controles apresentaram uma maior frequência CT (55%), enquanto nos pacientes com LV essa distribuição foi equilibrada. Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa entre a distribuição de genótipos dos grupos estudados (p=0,5172). Não houve diferença entre os diferentes genótipos GG e AG/AA quando avaliados os sintomas de hepatomegalia (p=0,9712), perda ponderal (p=0,3351), esplenomegalia (p=0,3351), cefaleia (p=0,7564), febre (p=0,4487) e dor abdominal (p=0,2310). Verificamos que a maioria dos pacientes apresentavam um quadro grave (n=21), fato que não foi influenciado pelos diferentes genótipos do gene TGFB+29 (p=0,6745). Conclusão: O presente estudo não demonstrou associação de susceptibilidade ou resistência do TGFB1 +29 com a LV, assim como, a associação dos diferentes genótipos com as manifestações clínicas e gravidade da doença.
Powers of Constitutional Councils of the Republics within the Russian Federation: The Initial Stages of Legal Regulation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of the Bashkir Academy of Public Administration and Management under the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Safina Svetlana B.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the legislation of the republics within the Russian Federation on the constitutional councils they create, gives a comparative description of their main powers, draws conclusions about the emerging trends in the development of constitutional processes in the republics.
Participation of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation in Solving Local Self-Government Tasks
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, PhD (Law), Ezhukova Olga A.
Published: June 2024

The article reviews forms of participation of state authorities in solving the problems of local self-government in the context of public authority reform in the Russian Federation. We describe the powers of public authorities of regions in the field of legal regulation of local self-government. We demonstrate the tools for delimiting the competence of the regions and local self-government. We analyse the mechanisms of participation of state authorities in the formation of local self-government bodies. We determine the role of subjects of the Russian Federation in interbudgetary relations. We identify and characterize various types of financial support measures for municipalities. The advantages of legal regulation mechanisms and legislative conflicts are revealed.
Collection of Evidence as a Prerequisite for Strategic Persuasion by Prosecution in Court
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminalistics of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Bryanskaya Elena V.
Published: June 2024

Today, the issue of differentiation of criminal procedure forms arises quite frequently. Traditionally, we are accustomed to viewing the criminal procedure in terms of pre-trial and trial stages that may be carried out in as a summary or complete procedure. The central criminal procedure stage the entire pre-trial proceedings are designed for is criminal case hearing by a first instance court that involves all trial stages and a detailed study of evidence. Consequently, such stage of the proving process in a criminal case as collection of evidence becomes especially important, in fact, it lays the foundation for all criminal procedure activities and serves as the basis for the opportunity of efficient persuasion of a judge with the use of tactical maneuvers.
The Head of an Interrogation Authority as an Evidence Evaluation Subject
Authors:   Junior Scientific Assistant of the Faculty of Training of Academic and Research Personnel of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stepakov Dmitry A.
Published: June 2024

The presented article attempts to answer the question about the absence of the head of the body of inquiry among the subjects of the assessment of the evidence provided for by the provisions of Articles 17 and 88 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, despite the fact that the named participant in criminal proceedings inevitably takes part in such an assessment, which is part of the procedure for considering a criminal case. Attention is drawn to the existing conflict between the powers of the prosecutor established in the criminal procedure law and the powers of the head of the body of inquiry when they approve the indictment or indictment. The author seeks to prove the need for normative consolidation of the right of the head of the body of inquiry in the consideration of a criminal case and the assessment of evidence that accompanies it, primarily when approving indictments and resolutions by him.
The Use of Telecommunications Operators’ Data by Defense and Prosecution to Establish Crime Circumstances
Authors:   Employee of the Academy of the Federal Guard Service of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Associate Professor, Kalyuzhny Aleksandr N.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses non-standard directions for using data from telecom operators; the growing practice of using data from telecom operators by the defense side is analyzed; the relevance of the use of billing data in supervising the implementation of the law during the implementation of operational investigative activities and investigative actions is emphasized; the effectiveness of solving and investigating crimes when obtaining details of telephone connections is noted; materials from judicial and investigative practice are examined and recommendations are given to prevent violations of the law.
Forensic Examination in the Mechanism of Safeguarding the Rights of Parties in Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Human Rights Commissioner in the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Moskalkova Tatyana N.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the conceptual framework and legal regulation of forensic examination. It also addresses systemic problems in criminal procedural activities that can lead to violations of the rights of parties involved in criminal proceedings related to the commissioning of examinations. The article proposes improvements to criminal procedural legislation in the field of forensic examination commissioning and conduct and suggests ways to increase the effectiveness of forensic activities.
The Concept of Violence in Attacks on Property, Its Signs and Criminal Law Significance
Authors:   Head of the Department of Organization of Judicial, Prosecution and Investigation Activities of the Orenburg State University, Zhurkina Olga V. , Filippova Elena O. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law of the Orenburg State University, PhD (Pedagogy), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

The article deals with theoretical and practical issues of the application of criminal law and the qualification of a crime in the case of an encroachment on property using violence dangerous to life and health. Crimes against property still occupy a significant place in the statistics of criminal acts. At the same time, there are difficulties in qualifying what has been done if the perpetrator uses violence in one form or another when committing a crime. Often, it is the sign of the danger of violence that makes it possible to distinguish violent robbery from robbery. The article examines the problems of preventing crimes against property committed with the use of violence.
On Scientific and Methodological Approaches towards Law Commenting (from History of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Head of the Department of Corruption Prevention Methodology of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Truntsevsky Yury V.
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Determination of approaches towards preparation of a scientific law commentary on the example of preparation of a commentary on the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1960 by the All-Union Institute of Legal Sciences. Characteristics of scientific ideas on such commenting expressed during the speech and discussion at the meeting of the academic council of the All-Union Institute of Legal Sciences on December 26, 1960. Methodology: dialectics, hermeneutics, synergetics, philosophical conceptology. Conclusions. Some scientific ideas on preparation of a scientific commentary on criminal law are still relevant today: determination of the commentary purpose; shifting away from expressing a subjective point of view; creation of the conceptual law enforcement language, etc. Scientific and practical relevance. Scientific approaches towards preparation of a commentary on law and, in particular, a commentary on the Criminal Code are rarely a subject of a scientific discussion, yet, they need to be understood. A good illustration is the discussion of the matters of preparation of a commentary on the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1960 that took place at the meeting of the academic council of the All-Union Institute of Legal Sciences, now the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, that celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2023.
The Law Institute of the Siberian Federal University: 68 Years of Continuous Legal Education in the Center of Siberia
Authors:   Head of the Department of Entrepreneurial, Competition and Financial Law of the Law Institute of the Siberian Federal University, Shishko Irina V. , Gordeev Roman N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Director of the Law Institute of the Siberian Federal University, PhD (Law), Lapo Pavel V. ,   Deputy Director for International Affairs of the Law Institute of the Siberian Federal University, Associate Professor of the Department of History and Theory of State and Law, PhD (Law)
Published: June 2024

The article highlights the history of the Law Institute of Siberian Federal University (SFU), its educational, scientific and international activities, main achievements during the period of acquiring the status of the institute, as well as plans for its development.
Foreign Experience of the Financial Law Regulation of Territorial Preferential Regimes
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Onischenko Kirill V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of foreign experience in the legal regulation of territorial preferential regimes. The greatest emphasis in the article is on identifying limitations, including those determined by the principles of constructing the state tax system, as well as the international obligations undertaken. Several countries with experience in creating territorial preferential regimes, as well as members of various international associations, were selected as examples for analysis. The article also analyzes the findings of the study on the negative experience of using preferential regimes in developing countries and its reasons.
On Subjects of Legal Relations in the Sphere of Raising Financial Literacy and the Establishment of Financial Culture
Authors:   Head of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the North-Caucasian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, LL.D., Associate Professor, Bochkareva Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2024

The article presents the subjective characteristics of the Catalog of best practices for implementing the Strategy for Improving Financial Literacy in the Russian Federation for 2017–2023. Groups of participants in the relevant legal relations have been identified and a conclusion has been drawn about their relevance in activities to create a financial culture. In order to achieve the indicators of the Strategy for Improving Financial Literacy and Forming the Financial Culture of the Population until 2030, it was proposed to unify the names, forms of organization and status of regional financial literacy centers.
The Dedollarization Phenomenon in the Russian Financial Law
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Jurisprudence and International Law of the G. Mirzoev Russian University of Lawyers and Notaries, PhD (Law), Brykin Konstantin I.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes current strategic planning documents providing for the rejection of the use of “toxic” currencies, examines the approaches of scientists in the field of law and economics to the reasons that prompted states to take measures aimed at de-dollarization of the economy, approaches to defining the concept of “dollarization”, classification, analyzes the reverse process – “dedollarization”. The author concludes that in the context of the formation of multipolar international economic relations, one of the possible ways to dedollarize the domestic economy may be the formation of new currencies of currency unions, and for financial law, further scientific study of the phenomenon of dedollarization is important in the context of the formation and use of adequate financial and legal mechanisms for conducting state monetary policy, currency regulation and currency control, public debt management, banking supervision, This is ultimately aimed at ensuring the financial security of the state and ensuring economic sovereignty.
The Legal Regulation Mechanism: The Concept, Attributes and Elements
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Astrakhan Branch of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law), Kuschenko Anna A.
Published: June 2024

Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law) The scientific article is devoted to the issues of determining the mechanism of legal regulation of public relations in Russian legal science. The paper provides an analysis of the opinions of the scientific community on this institute. An attempt is made to formulate its own definition of this category, as well as to characterize its main features and elements (stages).
Assessing the Acceptability and Nutritional Profile of Sweet Biscuits Enriched with Pea Shell Powder
Authors: Beniwal Amita , . Savita , Sangwan Veenu , Punia Darshan
Published: June 2024

Background: The goal of this study is to find out how adding pea shell powder affects the nutritional value, sensory qualities and general acceptability of the biscuits. By decreasing food waste and fostering a circular economy, the development of biscuits made from pea pods has the potential to boost customers’ health and sustainable food practices. Methods: The pea shell powder was incorporated at 5% to 15% levels in different formulations. The study utilized a 9-point hedonic scale for sensory evaluation and standard methods for nutritional analysis, including proximate, dietary fiber and minerals. Result: The organoleptic acceptability showed that the addition of pea shell powder in biscuits influences the sensorial score and obtains higher overall acceptability than control biscuits. The results on the proximate composition of sweet biscuits showed a significant increase in crude protein (6.68-8.23%), crude fiber (0.31-1.42%) and ash (0.47-1.11%) in supplemented sweet biscuits while energy content decreased significantly. The dietary fiber and total mineral contents increased significantly after the incorporation of pea shell powder. Calcium, potassium and magnesium content increased two (194.33 mg/100 g), three (229.58 mg/100 g) and four (204.69 mg/100 g) times, respectively than that of Control. Pea shell powder use in biscuit formulations may also open up new opportunities for the food industry to create Environment friendly and innovative products.
Valoración económica de servicios ecosistémicos del humedal San Luis en Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Pardo Rozo Yelly Yamparli , Díaz Quintana Valentina , Mosquera Quiroga María José
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una valoración económica del Humedal San Luis, en Florencia, en razón a los servicios ecosistémicos que brinda y los beneficios derivados de su conservación debido a un proyecto (hipotético), el cual se encuentra sujeto a una alta intervención antrópica. Se empleó como método la valoración contingente para hallar la disponibilidad a pagar (DAP) de los hogares urbanos de Florencia por la conservación del humedal y los servicios ecosistémicos asociados. Se tomó una muestra de 340 hogares a los que se les aplicó una encuesta estructurada. La DAP calculada fue de 0,30 dólares al año por hogar. Los hogares reconocen y otorgan un valor al humedal San Luis y sus servicios ecosistémicos, cuyos beneficios económicos estimados fueron de 100,48 dólares al año en los hogares de la muestra, lo que permite inferir que ascienden a cerca de 46 333,66 dólares en la población urbana.
The Concept of the Right to a Dignified Life in Pre-Revolutionary Legal Philosophy, Particularly in Relation to the Justification of Socio-Economic Rights
Authors: Shaveko N. A.
Published: June 2024

The article conducts a comparative analysis of perspectives held by key advocates of the right to a dignified life in Russia, while also critically reflecting on these viewpoints. This contributes to the ongoing discourse within contemporary Russian scholarship on the existence and implications of the right to a dignified life. To this end, the views of pre-revolutionary thinkers are considered including S. Solovyov, P. I. Novgorodtsev, I. A. Pokrovsky, B. A. Kistyakovsky and S. I. Gessen regarding the problem and their development. A comparative analysis of these perspectives highlights significant divergences on the following matters: 1) whether to acknowledge solely the right to life itself (as advocated by Pokrovsky) or the right to a dignified life (as argued by Novgorodtsev); 2) whether the right to a dignified life should remain solely a moral entitlement (as suggested by Solovyov) or also encompass a positive legal entitlement (as posited by Kistiakovsky); 3) whether the right to a dignified life necessitates a transition from capitalism to socialism (as proposed by Kistiakovsky) or not (as contended by Novgorodtsev). These thinkers have yet to resolve several fundamental issues essential for substantiating any subjective right, whether moral or positive. Furthermore, the reliance of their proposed justifications on the socio-economic context prevents the recognition of the right to a dignified life as natural, unconditional, and inalienable. To address these issues, the author draws upon the Western philosophical and legal tradition. It has been shown that Western scholars' efforts to establish the moral foundations of human rights are closely tied to the aspiration of ensuring a decent standard of living for every individual. A common rationale for both firstand second-generation human rights lies in the challenges associated with justifying the right to a dignified life. These challenges highlight the broader difficulties in justifying human rights as a whole. As a potential solution to the aforementioned challenges, it is suggested to view socio-economic rights solely as a mechanism for safeguarding personal and political rights, rather than as a means to guarantee a "dignified" life. But in this case, the right to a dignified life is unlikely to be classified as a universal human right.
Optimization of the Composition of Participants in Criminal Pre-Trial Proceedings
Authors: Morozova O. S.
Published: June 2024

Alongside establishing the procedure for criminal proceedings, a primary objective of criminal procedure legislation is to precisely define the legal status and procedural powers of participants in criminal procedure relations. This involves setting the boundaries of their rights and obligations. Accordingly, particular emphasis should be placed on delineating the subject matter of criminal proceedings by devising a plan to enhance their position, role, and procedural status. The aim of the study is to scrutinize legal issues concerning the exercise of procedural powers by various participants in criminal proceedings and to explore avenues for enhancing the composition of criminal pre-trial proceedings. The article delves into matters concerning the procedural role of the investigator and examines their interaction with the procedural leader and the prosecutor. Special attention is paid to the procedural status of the person in respect of whom a crime report is being checked, the problem of criminal prosecution when checking a crime report is revealed, the roles and functions of an educator and a psychologist are investigated. In addition, the author substantiates the idea of expanding the range of participants in the pre-trial stages. The methodological framework of this work encompasses principles from the general scientific method of cognition, including formal logic, generalization, analysis, and description. It also draws upon methodologies from the fields of general theory of law, criminal procedure, criminology, psychology, pedagogy, logic, and other related sciences. As a result, the following conclusions were drawn. When exploring the primary issues concerning the enhancement of participants' procedural status in pre-trial proceedings, the author proposes considering the following provisions: shifting departmental procedural oversight and prosecutorial supervision in favor of the latter and establishing a unified format for preliminary investigation; engaging the suspect at the initial stage of a criminal case; elucidating the purpose and function of involvement by educators and psychologists in the case; broadening the subject composition by granting individual participants procedural petitioner status.
Optimization Transesterification Reaction in the Synthesis of Biodiesel from Household Catering Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Putri Putri Eka Yulianda , Chaerobina Bida Ayu Bestari
Published: June 2024

Biodiesel is an alternative energy source for diesel engines or diesel fuel which is carried out using the transesterification method. Used cooking oil is reacted with methanol which will produce methyl ester and glycerol with the help of a base catalyst in the form of NaOH. The aim of this research is to optimize the biodiesel obtained. The synthesis reaction for biodiesel was carried out at temperatures of 55°C, 60°C, 65°C and with varying times of 60, 90, and 120 minutes, with a volume ratio of used cooking oil-methanol, namely 1:4, 1:5, and 1; 6. The highest yield was 61.9404% and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was proven to be significant and fulfilled as in the Design Expert 13 Software.
EFFICIENT DETECTION OF MULTICLASS EYE DISEASES USING DEEP LEARNING MODELS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   MSC, Department of Computer Engineering, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey, Arslan Gözde , Berke Erdaş Çağatay ,   Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
Published: June 2024

Eye diseases pose a significant health threat, impacting human life adversely. Conditions like cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma lead to irreversible and serious health issues. Age, genetics, and environmental factors play a crucial role in eye health. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, placing a heightened responsibility on clinicians. Advanced technology and deep learning enable the detection and identification of eye diseases. This research aims to utilize prominent Convolutional Neural Network models, including DenseNet, EfficientNet, Xception, VGG, and ResNet, to detect eye diseases. Technical term abbreviations are explained, and the dataset comprises 4217 retinal fundus images, including 1038 cataracts, 1098 diabetic retinopathy, 1007 glaucoma, and 1074 healthy individuals. Model performance is evaluated through metrics like accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, and Matthews's correlation coefficient using 10-fold cross-validation. Among the models tested, EfficientNet demonstrates the best results with 87.84% accuracy, 92.84% recall, 94.41% precision, 93.53% F1-score, and 83.87% Matthews's correlation coefficient. Consequently, EfficientNet proves to be the most effective architecture for classifying eye diseases in this study.
HOSPITAL IMAGE DYNAMICS IN SERVICE RECOVERY: MODERATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khonkaen University, Thailand, Chokpiriyawat Thanuset
Published: June 2024

This conceptual paper contributes to the academic literature by elucidating the interplay between brand image dimensions, service recovery strategies, customer satisfaction, and word-of-mouth communication and revisiting intentions in the context of private hospitals in Thailand. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future research endeavors by offering insights into the potential moderating role of emotional intelligence in shaping service recovery outcomes. Moreover, the alignment of our results with theoretical frameworks such as Expectancy-Confirmation Theory (ECT) and Social Exchange Theory (SET) suggests avenues for exploring similar phenomena in different industries. Practically, our findings offer actionable implications for private hospitals to enhance customer retention by strategically managing brand image dimensions and incorporating emotional intelligence considerations into service recovery efforts. Future research could delve deeper into the nuanced dynamics of these relationships across diverse cultural and organizational contexts, thereby enriching our understanding and offering practical guidelines for service-oriented businesses globally.
Clinical predictors of therapeutic laparotomy in anterior abdominal stab injuries: a multicenter study from low-income institutions in Ethiopia
Authors: Kejela Segni , Hedato Abel , Duguma Yeabsera Mekonnen , Gebremariam Meklit Solomon
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Despite the high incidence of abdominal stab injuries, the rate of nontherapeutic laparotomies and the predictors of therapeutic laparotomies have rarely been studied in low-income settings.Methods: This multicenter retrospective study involved three of the largest academic medical centers in central Ethiopia. All patients who sustained an anterior abdominal stab injury and underwent exploratory laparotomy, regardless of the intraoperative findings, were included over the 3-year course of the study.Results: Of the 117 patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy, 35 patients (29.9%) underwent nontherapeutic laparotomies. Three factors predicted therapeutic laparotomy: hollow viscus evisceration (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–28.64; P=0.032), localized and generalized peritonitis (AOR, 4.77; 95% CI, 1.90–11.93; P=0.001), and white blood cell count ≥11,500/mm3 (AOR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.002–7.650; P=0.049). The overall positive predictive value of the therapeutic predictors was 80.2%, while the negative predictive value of all predictor-negative patients was 58.1%. The predictors would have prevented 51.4% of the nontherapeutic laparotomies.Conclusions: Close to one-third of the patients had a nontherapeutic laparotomy. The clinical predictors of therapeutic laparotomy were shown to have a high positive predictive value despite a lower negative predictive value. Further prospective studies that involve all patients who sustain anterior abdominal stab injuries are needed to potentially improve on the negative predictive value of the predictors suggested by our study.
Relationship between Breakfast Habits and Nutritional Status with Learning Achievement in Strada Nawar Bekasi Junior High School Students
Authors: Said Avicenna Muhammad , Latersia Yovicristy , Muniroh Lailatul
Published: June 2024

Learning achievement is a form of evaluation based on the results obtained in the process of gaining knowledge. Learning achievement can be influenced by various factors, both environmental and health factors, such as breakfast habits and nutritional status. The aim of this research was to analyzed  the relationship between breakfast habits and nutritional status with learning achievement in junior high school students. This study was an analytical observational research using a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at Strada Nawar Bekasi Junior High School from September to December 2022 with the sample being students from grades VII and VIII. The sample was chosen randomly using proportionate random sampling with a total of 81 students based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collected include height and weight through anthropometric measurements, interviews breakfast habits using the SQ-FFQ form, and student report cards for the last semester. The data obtained was then tested with SPSS software using Chi-square test analysis. The results showed that there were students with good breakfast habits (77.8%), overnutritional status (40.8%), and good learning achievement (48.1%). From this research, it was found that there was a relationship between breakfast habits (p-value = 0.041) and there was no relationship between nutritional status (p-value = 0.190) with learning achievement. It was concluded that the good of breakfast habits is directly proportional to the student's learning achievement and there is no relationship between nutritional status and student's learning achievement.
Bayesian process mapping for intraoperative decision making in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Tranter-Entwistle Isaac , Wilson Bill , Eglinton Tim , Connor Saxon
Published: June 2024

Aim: Surgeon’s intraoperative decisions significantly impact patient outcomes. In the reconciliation cycle, interoperative decisions are guided by probabilistic reasoning, which is informed by the evolving intraoperative features. This paper aims to compare the utility of a traditional logistic regression (LR) model for critical view of safety (CVS) achievement to Bayesian network (BN) maps using intraoperative features. It hypothesizes that BN mapping better integrates with surgeon heuristics.

Methods: Using prospectively gathered intraoperative data, BN maps were developed and tested to determine their ability to predict critical view of safety achievement. Performance was compared to traditional logistic regression models to consider their utility in practice.

Results: In total, 4,663 patients were identified. Of these patients, 2,837 (61%) presented acutely and 3,122 (67%) were female. CVS was achieved in 4,131 (92%) of patients. In total, four BN were developed. Optimal performance was seen in model 2 with an AUC of 0.879 (0.798-0.960) (P < 0.001). Selecting a cut-off of 0.6 gave an optimized sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 45% for CVS achievement. In comparison to this, for the combined acute LR model, ROC curve analysis gave an AUC of 0.829 (0.787-0.872 ) (P < 0.001). A cut-off of 75% probability resulted in a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 38% for CVS achievement.

Conclusion: The present study illustrates how BN modeling can map to surgeon decision making to facilitate reasoning in complex environments. Further work is needed to facilitate data capture and implementation. Despite this, they represent a promising avenue for intuitive decision support tools.
The Role of reactive Oxygen Species in the Implementation of the Anti-Tumor Effect of Nanocomplexes Based on GdEuVO4 Nanoparticles and Cholesterol
Authors: Goltsev Anatoliy , Bondarovych Mykola , Gaevska Yuliia , Babenko Nataly , Dubrava Tetyna , Ostankov Maksym
Published: June 2024

Background. An experimental study of the antitumor effect of nanocomplexes (NCs) consisting of GdYEuVO4 nanoparticles and cholesterol indicates their potential use in oncological practice. The mechanism of the antitumor effect of NCs may be associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to subsequent tumor cell death.
Objective. To study the pro-oxidant and antitumor properties of NCs consisting of GdYEuVO4 nanoparticles and cholesterol in an in vitro system.
Methods. Experiments were performed on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells, which were introduced intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice. On the 7th day of EAC development, cells were isolated and treated with NCs for 3 hours in vitro. Untreated cells served as the control. The formation of intracellular ROS was quantified by flow cytometry using the Fluorometric Intracellular ROS Kit. The metabolic activity of EAC cells was assessed using the colorimetric MTT test. The number of cells undergoing apoptosis or necrosis was evaluated using flow cytometry and the FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I.
Results. Incubation of EAC cells with NCs resulted in more than a 3-fold increase in ROS formation compared to the control. NCs also caused almost a two-fold inhibition of the metabolic activity of EAC cells, accompanied by a 25% decrease in the number of viable EAC cells. It was shown that NCs are unique compounds capable of simultaneously inducing several types of cell death, with necrosis being the predominant mode of tumor cell death after NC treatment.
Conclusions. The cytotoxic effect of NCs on tumor cells is mediated through their pro-oxidant properties. These results can be considered when developing new cancer therapy strategies.
Recognition and Categorization of Blood Groups by Machine Learning and Image Processing Method
Authors: Mahmood Mustafa F.
Published: June 2024

Background. Red blood cells are one of the components of blood. Blood is an important fluid in the human body. Knowing the blood groups is essential in blood transfusion operations, which depend on fixed conditions to avoid fatal errors. The method that is used to determine the blood groups is a traditional method that relies on medical laboratory technicians, as it is subject to human errors.
Objective. This paper aims to design and implement a prototype to detect and classify blood groups to avoid human error in blood group detection. The proposed system employs image processing and machine learning algorithms for blood group detection and classification.
Methods. The system consists of three stages. First, samples were collected from volunteers. Second, images of the samples were captured using a camera. Third, the images were analyzed using two methods: image proces­sing via MATLAB and machine learning algorithms via Orange, for blood group detection and classification.
Results. The accuracy in processing images using the MATLAB program reached 100%, with processing time ranged from 1.5 to 1.6 seconds. Additionally, using machine learning with neural networks in the Orange program, the accuracy was 99.7%, with training times of 13.7 seconds and testing times of 1.2 seconds. Neural networks outperformed other models, as shown in the experimental results. The study concluded that automated blood type detection using image processing and machine learning methods is effective and feasible compared to manual methods. The proposed system outperformed previous studies in terms of accuracy, processing time, training time, and testing time using both methods.
Conclusions. This study underscores the urgent need for precise blood type determination before emergency blood transfusions, which currently relies on manual inspection and is susceptible to human errors. These errors have the potential to endanger lives during blood transfusions. The main goal of the research was to develop an approach that combines image processing and machine learning to accurately classify blood groups.
Analisis Dampak PDRB, Investasi, Rata-rata lama Sekolah dan Upah Minimum terhadap Kesempatan Kerja: Sebuah Studi Empiris Di Jawa Tengah tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Wijayanti Diana , Rahmannisa Mufarrah
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak PDRB, investasi, rata-rata lama sekolah dan upah minimum Kabupaten/Kota terhadap kesempatan kerja di Propinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2018-2022. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BPS. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDRB dan investasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kesempatan kerja,  upah minimum berpengaruh negatif terhadap kesempatan kerja, sementara rata-rata lama sekolah tidak berpengaruh  terhadap kesempatan kerja di Jawa Tengah. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kesempatan kerja di Jawa Tengah, pemerintah daerah perlu meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam hal ini adalah pertumbuhan PDRB dan investasi, serta meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia melalui program pendidikan dan pelatihan yang lebih baik. Selain itu, pemerintah perlu mempertimbangkan kebijakan upah minimum yang lebih tepat untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusfi bagi penciptaan lapangan kerja baru.
Implementasi Manajemen Risiko Pada Produk Cicil Emas di PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk. KCP Sleman 2
Authors: Wiwid Puspitasari1  , Kusumawati Rizqi Adhyka
Published: June 2024

Financing risk is often associated with failure to pay risk, which refers to bank losses when there are problems with the financing provided to customers. Risks that arise as the banking sector grows can have a negative impact on the company. One way to handle risk is to carry out good risk management. This research aims to determine the risks in the Gold Installment product at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Sleman 2, Tbk and the implementation of risk management in the Gold Installment product at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Sleman 2, Tbk. This report was written using data collection methods obtained through interviews and document study directly with PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Sleman 2, Tbk. The results of this internship report show that there are several ways that PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Sleman 2, Tbk does to anticipate risks with the initial steps, namely identifying risks, measuring risks, monitoring risks and handling risks in accordance with Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No. .65/POJK.03/2016 concerning the Implementation of Risk Management for Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia Business Units. PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Sleman 2, Tbk has implemented these stages quite well so that it can prevent existing risks.
“I don’t Believe in Age; I Believe in Staying Enthusiastic”: A Qualitative Study Into Recruitment Strategies Stimulating Middle-Aged and Older Adults to Join Physical Activity Interventions
Authors: Boekhout Janet , Hut Rieteke , Lechner Lilian , Peels Denise
Published: June 2024

Many middle-aged and older adults (MAOA) do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA) despite its well-documented benefits for healthy aging. Existing PA interventions often fail to reach or engage the target population effectively. This study investigates MAOA's preferences for recruitment strategies to optimize the reach and uptake of PA interventions, thereby enhancing their impact on healthy aging and public health. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 39 MAOA participants (69% female, mean age = 69.46, SD = 7.07), guided by McGuire's Theory on Persuasive Communication. Factors related to the source, message content, channel, receiver characteristics, and target behavior of recruitment strategies were analyzed. Findings suggest a preference for trustworthy sources (e.g., healthcare professionals over commercial entities) and positive, non-ageist messaging. MAOA vary in channel preferences but emphasize the importance of personalization. Despite heterogeneity, MAOA commonly perceive themselves as sufficiently active, necessitating improving knowledge on what constitutes sufficient PA, and easy enrollment or trying-out interventions. Tailoring recruitment strategies to diverse MAOA segments, based on age, seems crucial for effective engagement. Future research could explore quantitative research into how communication factors relate to various target population characteristics.
Optimal Investments in the Portfolia Yield Reactives (PYR)‡
Authors: Loukeris Nikolaos , Eletheriadis Iordanis
Published: June 2024

We evolve our past models PYR, Loukeris, et al. (2016) to provide a competitive system whose infiltration of categorical information and fundamentals into advanced higher moments, supports a more objective Portfolio Selection, aided by Intelligent Computing. The system of Portfolia Yield Reactives (PYR) searches for hidden prototypes into big data of accounting and financial statements, restricting malicious patterns such as hoax, noise, manipulation, incorporated to a novel optimal portfolio selection method.
GcMAF in Radiation Therapy: Identification and Molecular Characterization of the Human GcMAF Receptor
Authors: Ruggiero Marco
Published: June 2024

Gc protein-derived Macrophage Activating Factor (GcMAF), a powerful immunostimulant endowed with anti-cancer and anti-angiogenetic activities, offers significant advantages when combined with radiation therapy. A stronger immune response improves the effectiveness of radiation therapy by allowing the body to better eliminate residual cancer cells after treatment. In addition, by boosting the immune system, GcMAF mitigates some of the immunosuppressive side effects of radiation therapy, leading to faster recovery. In order to fully exploit the potential of GcMAF in cancer therapy, knowledge of the molecular interactions with its receptor is essential. This study proposes the first extracellular domain (residues 1-34) of the CCR1 protein as the GcMAF receptor. The CCR1 gene, expressed in monocytes and 168 other cell types or tissues, encodes this transmembrane protein. Electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, along with hydrogen bonds mediate the molecular interactions between the TPT420-GalNAcELAK (or TPK420ELAK) sequences of GcMAF (or Gc2 protein variant) and the TTEDYDTTT sequence of its receptor.
Predicting Student Performance Using Ensemble Models and Learning Analytics Techniques
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed R.
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the utilization of ensemble models and learning analytics techniques to predict student academic performance. With the advent of educational big data, institutions are increasingly leveraging advanced analytics to gain insights into student learning patterns and optimize educational outcomes. Ensemble models, which combine the predictive power of multiple algorithms, offer a robust approach to enhance prediction accuracy. The performance of the ensemble models was analyzed and compared using the Open University Learning Analytics Dataset, which consists of sources such as demographic information, historical performance data, and engagement metrics for 23,344 students. The evaluation of various ensemble models across different classification scenarios revealed that the proposed stacking model consistently emerges as the best-performing model, excelling in both multi-class and binary classification tasks.
Potential Role of APOBEC3 Family Proteins in SARS-CoV-2 Replication
Authors: Begum MST Monira , Bokani Ayub , Rajib Samiul Alam , Soleimanpour Mohadeseh , Maeda Yosuke , Yoshimura Kazuhisa , Satou Yorifumi , Ebrahimi Diako , Ikeda Terumasa
Published: June 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has acquired multiple mutations since its emergence. Analyses of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes from infected patients exhibit a bias toward C-to-U mutations, which are suggested to be caused by the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3, A3) cytosine deaminase proteins. However, the role of A3 enzymes in SARS-CoV-2 replication remains unclear. To address this question, we investigated the effect of A3 family proteins on SARS-CoV-2 replication in THP-1 cells lacking A3A to A3G genes. The Wuhan, BA.1, and BA.5 variants had comparable viral replication in parent and A3A-to-A3G-null THP-1-ACE2 cells. On the other hand, the replication and infectivity of these variants were abolished in A3A-to-A3G-null THP-1-ACE2 cells in a series of passage experiments over 20 days. In contrast to previous reports, we observed no evidence for A3-induced SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis in the passage experiments. Furthermore, our analysis of a large number of publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes did not reveal conclusive evidence for A3-induced mutagenesis. Taken together, our studies suggest that A3 family proteins can positively contribute to SARS-CoV-2 replication, however this effect is deaminase-independent.
Eliminating Anxiety in Tertiary Education: A Review
Authors: Heathen Taylor Smith
Published: June 2024

Eliminating anxiety in higher education is essential to creating a positive learning atmosphere and improving students' general well-being. University students frequently struggle with anxiety, which is frequently made worse by social expectations, academic demands, and the adjustment to living on one's own. This article review aims to give collective ideas from relevant research articles to solidify such solutions in eradicating anxiety among students at the tertiary level. Eliminating anxiety in higher education necessitates a multifaceted strategy that includes identifying the problem, offering extensive support networks, encouraging a balanced lifestyle, fostering inclusivity, reducing financial stress, fostering a sense of community, fostering open communication, routinely evaluating tactics, and working with outside organizations. By implementing these measures, universities and colleges may foster a more positive, healthy environment where students can succeed academically and personally.