bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Flotation of Copper Sulfides in Yunnan Province
Authors: Ku Jian Gang , Chen Hui Huang , Liu Wen Yuan
Published: August 2014

The copper ore, which has fine-grained nature and differences in the degree of mineral dissemination, is a kind of low grade sulfide minerals. Tests indicate that not only the grinding fineness but also the combination mode of depressants is one of the most important factors to improve the concentrate grade index. Additionally, according to tests conducted with dosage of lime, the rougher flotation should be operated at a pH of 11. Furthermore, all the depressants used were effective to increase the concentrate grade. By the closed-circuit micro-flotation experiment, satisfied grade index (18.7%Cu with 81% recovery) of the final concentrate was achieved, which could provide reference in industrial applications.
Application Status of the Technology of Logging While Drilling
Authors: Peng Qun , Li Quan Hou , Zhang Qi
Published: August 2014

The data of Logging While Drilling is used for Geosteering and evaluation of layers. Compared with traditional logging, LWD has its own advantages, real-time, security, and it could obtain original information of the destination formation.With the rapid development of logging tools design, LWD tools have a large improvement, and various tools used for measuring the parameters of layers have been designed and applied , resistivity imaginary logging tool, MPR, InSite ADR, Shock Wave have been invited and innovated. However, there are still a lot of unsolved problems existing, such as interpretation of logging, the accuracy of the evaluation on layers and so on. Therefore, numerous work need to be done in the future.
New Calculation Method of Sweep Efficiency after Pattern Infilling in Low Permeability Reservoir
Authors: Zhao Fang , Shen Rui , Xu Gang
Published: August 2014

Sweep efficiency is a very important parameters for development effect evaluation and dynamic analysis of oilfield. For low permeability oilfield, well pattern thickening is one of the most effective means of improving development effectiveness. In this paper, a corrected calculation method is given and well spacing density is introduced as a parameter for the formula correction. The curve of volumetric sweep efficiency and well spacing density was achieved through the formula and statistical data. After the infill adjustment, increasing multiple of sweep efficiency can be calculated. Using the actual data of Changqing oilfield to calculate, result show that the deviation is 1.1% .
Comparison of Storage Characteristics and Quality of Semi-Dry Fermented Sausage Using Microwave Vacuum Drying and Hot Air Drying
Authors: Zhang Jian Ping , Wu Yong Hua , Liu En Qi , Song Hui , Li Yong
Published: August 2014

The aim of this work was to find out an alternative drying process for semi-dry fermented sausages. Fermented sausages were subjected to hot air drying (HA) and microwave vacuum drying (MWV), respectively. The HA was carried out at 70 °C for 60 min. For MWV, three temperatures i.e. 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C were applied with pressure controlled at 80 kPa and microwave intensity at 6 kW for 2 min. After drying, the dehydration rates were determined immediately. The products were stored at room temperature until the end of experiment. The pH value, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) contents were measured at 0, 7, 14 and 28 days, respectively. In addition, the sensory properties were evaluated at 28 d. The results showed that compared to the HA, MWV could postpone the rise of pH value, TBA and TVB-N contents during the storage. Moreover, the sensory properties of MWV were better than that of HA, indicating that MWV would be a greatly promising drying process for semi-fry fermented sausages.
Study of Different Plastic Films on Changing of Flesh Quality in MAP during Carp Storage
Authors: Zhu Dan Shi , Wang Li Na , Wu Xiao Fei , Xu Yong Xia , Li Jian Rong
Published: August 2014

Three different plastic packaging (CPP, LDPE and HDPE) were researched on preservation of carp in this study, and the indicatiors of color difference and sensory evaluation were tracked. Color difference of carp block muscle was analyzed by CR-400 chroma meter, and the value of L*, a* and b* were measured at different stage of storage. At the same time, sensory evaluation was conducted. The results showed that the value of L* a* and b* all increased along with storage days, which indicated that the color of the carp block skin turning lighter, redder and yellower. The material of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) could be better for keeping muscle color of carp during storage. However, the results of sensory evaluation showed that Cast Polypropylene (CPP) was better for keeping shelf quality of carp block. There was negative correlation between color difference and sensory evaluation. The value of b* could better represent sensory score in MAP, for it was correlate significantly with sensory evaluation in all three types of packaging.
Application of Evaluation System for Low-Carbon Industrial Park by Using AHP Method
Authors: Ma Xiu Qin , Li Ming Huan , Sun You Shan , Jin Feng Yun
Published: August 2014

By using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, the weight coefficient of evaluation system for low-carbon industrial park has been analyzed. The structure model and model matrix have been established. Combined with specialist suggestions, using calculation equations, the scores of the weight coefficient of evaluation system have been analyzed and determined. Finally a set of allocation scheme is developed reasonably and an evaluation standard for low-carbon industrial park is finished. Energy utilization and GHG management, recycle economic and environmental protection, financial security mechanism and application of planning are chosen as the criterion layer. The standard can be used as a guide to promote the supervision of low-carbon development for industrial parks in China.
Assembling Fe(III)-Citrate Complexes on Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Coupling Photocatalysis with Fenton Reaction
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Jing Hai , Baosharileaodou  , Yang Hen An , Huang Fei , Guo Xin Gang , Yang Hui , Wang Qi Xin , Duan Li Mei , Liu Zong Rui
Published: August 2014

Surface functionalization of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) through self-assembly is an effective way to improve the photocatalytic activity and to couple with chemical catalytic process. Herein, we report that Fe (III)-citrate complex molecules are assembled on the surface of g-C3N4 to improve the photocatalytic activity by coupling with Fenton reaction. The iron (III) species attached on the surface of g-C3N4 are in the form of complex. The Fe (III)-citrate complex shows little impact on the bulk structures of g-C3N4. In the dark, assembly of Fe (III)-citrate complexes on g-C3N4 (Fe (III)-Cit/g-C3N4) exhibits no activity for degrading the Rhodamine B (RhB) solution under the assistance of H2O2. But, it shows high catalytic activity with degradation efficiency of 100% for RhB solution (10 mg L-1) under the simulated solar light irradiation for 30 minutes. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity are retainable during the following 5 cycles. The retainable stability and enhanced catalytic activity of the assembly of Fe (III)-citrate complexes on g-C3N4 pave the ways to design advanced photocatalysts by employing supermolecular interaction.
The Research on Low Carbon Economy Development around Capital Economic Circle
Authors: Pei Qian Fang , Zhang Han Meng , Wan Xi Xi
Published: August 2014

Under the background of response to climate change and building a resource-saving and environment friendly society, the Capital Economic Circle as the important economic growth pole in China has taken active measures for energy conservation and emissions reduction. New energy industry is also rapidly developing and has accumulated advantages. Taking the Capital Economic Circle as the object, this paper analyses the development situation of the regional low carbon economy and points out its main problems from the content about low-carbon economy and market positioning, puts forward the development of specific ways. For Capital Economic Circle, the key to the low carbon economy is the aspect from the technology, talent, brand and carbon markets .So it will develop low carbon core competitiveness gradually.
Analysis on Significance of Bamboo Products Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Wang Yuan Yuan , Yin Huan
Published: August 2014

Bamboo is a kind of material which is environmentally friendly and sustainable development, the paper analyzes its significance from the ecological value, economic value and cultural value of bamboo products. It illustrates research in motion of domestic and dynamic aspects and development status of bamboo products. It discourses the advantages of sustainable development of bamboo products through impact of bamboo products for industrial and agricultural economic development and environmental protection. It emphasizes that bamboo has a very important significance for energy in the future.
Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of Oriented Rutile TiO2 Nanorod Array Film through Nb Doping
Authors: Chang Meng Lei , Chen Dong Chu , Ye Xiu Fang , Li Xin Jun , Wu Liang Peng , Xi Min
Published: August 2014

TiO2 nanorod array films with or without Nb doping grown directly on transparent conductive glass (FTO) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. The films were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy-dispersive x-ray spectra (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscoy (XPS). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and transient photocurrent were investigated in a three-electrode system with TiO2 nanorod array film served as the photoanode. The photoelectrocatalytic activity of the films was evaluated by the oxidation of glucose under UV irradiation. The results show that both the pure and Nb-doped TiO2 nanorods perpendicularly grown on FTO substrate are rutile phase. The resistance of the TiO2 nanorod array photoanode is decreased significantly by Nb doping. The steady-state photocurrent (iss) for glucose oxidation at Nb-doped TiO2 nanorod array film is much higher than that at the pure one. The enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity of the Nb-doped TiO2 nanorods could be attributed to the enhanced charge transport ability.
Measuring Sustainability of Liaoning Province Based on the Genuine Progress Indicator Method
Authors: Hou Yu
Published: August 2014

The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) is an indicator of measuring sustainability like Green GDP. Apply it to Liaoning Province, the paper evaluates Liaoning’s GPI from 1978 to 2011. GPI, Per Capita GPI and GDP of Liaoning are compared with each other. It is concluded that GDP and Per Capita GDP of Liaoning grow much faster than GPI and Per Capita GPI. Grouped all components of GPI into three categories (economy, environment and Social), it shows that social and environmental development lags behind economic growth in Liaoning.
Research on Cost Evaluation of Water Depletion
Authors: Jia Ling , Gan Hong , Qin Chang Hai , Lu Qiong , You Jin Jun
Published: August 2014

As a subsidiary account of the system of environmental-economic accounting (SEEA), the system of environmental-economic accounting for water (SEEAW) includes water depletion cost as an important component. The water depletion cost, which is different from the evaluation of non-renewable resources depletion value, is currently difficult to evaluate in SEEAW. The method proposed in the study is based on two aspects: (i) from the perspective of the renewability of water resources, the concept of water depletion caused by human activities and its calculation are presented; (ii) the shadow price of water resources is obtained based on water hybrid accounts of SEEAW, and it is used to calculate the water depletion cost. The approach is then applied to estimate the water depletion cost in mainland China. Overall, the results presented here provide important theoretical and technical support for SEEAW.
Research on Coupling Model of Energy-Economy-Environment System of Beijing City
Authors: Shen Xiao Liu , Mo Li Juan
Published: August 2014

There exists complicated relationship among energy, economy and environment. Every single system contains a lot of uncertain information and indexes of one system may affect other systems. So, this paper views energy,economy,environment as a system and analyzes the coupling relatiopnship by establishing a coupling model of energy-economy-environment system according to the system coupling theory. The paper selects Beijing City as the research target and applies the model with the index data of energy-economy-environment system from 2004 to 2011. The results show that the model can reflect the changing trend of every two subsystems’ interaction relationship, which will help to explore the essential relationship and predict the development of the system.
The Optimization of Typical Environmental Issues by LINGO Software
Authors: Li Min , Liu Bao You
Published: August 2014

LINGO software with many favorable features such as convenient operation, high running speed, wide application and valid result, has been widely used in solving complicated issues in environmental fields in the past a few years. In this paper, three practical examples in environmental monitoring were introduced and resolved by LINGO software, the reliability of the results was verified and the comparison with other methods was given. The results show that, LINGO software is useful to direct funds and resources’ allocation in environmental monitoring, and it is an effective tool to improve economic benefits and obtain better environmental benefits.
The Environmental Pollution Governance of the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: Based on the Perspective of Science Technology Legislation
Authors: Gu Jian Ya , Zhang Di Ping
Published: August 2014

Small and medium-sized enterprises create a hitherto unknown material wealth, and meanwhile have paid a heavy environmental price, also restrict the sustainable development of local economy. Environmental pollution governance of the small and medium-sized enterprises needs to realize ecological technology innovation. In order to promote and protect small and medium enterprises technology innovation and their green development, the local government should improve legislation of science and technology, establishing ecological civilization as the guiding ideology of legislation, improving the environment impact assessment system, strengthening the public participation, expanding the incentive measures, and increasing the accountability and oversight, as well as cohesive implementation of science and technology legislation and environmental legislation.
The Spatial Analysis of Population Pressure on the Ecological Environment in China during 1990-2010 Years
Authors: Li Sui Nong , Sun Dong Qi
Published: August 2014

This paper examines the temporal and spatial variations of population pressure on the ecological environment in China. We have collected sufficient data from the statistical yearbooks of 31 provincial administrative areas in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010. By using the geographic information system (GIS) and relevant models, we analyzed the trend of the population pressure on ecological environment. We conclude that: 1) generally, population pressure on the ecological environment in China was becoming higher, especially in some areas, the population and environment was in severe imbalance and the ecological environment experienced serious pollution; 2) during a certain period when population pressure on the ecological environment was becoming lower in some areas, the ecological environment was getting worse; and 3) the areas of super high population pressure on the ecological environment were Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.
The Scenario Analysis of Low-Carbon Development on the Basis of Improved IPAT Model in China
Authors: He Bing Yan , Zhu Zhi Ming , Shen Tian Miao
Published: August 2014

It is an important strategic choice for countries to develop low-carbon economy while dealing with climate change. The paper gives a forecast and analysis on population, economic development, technology, energy consumption and CO2 emissions variation in China before 2020 as setting the year 2007 as the base year by using IPAT model. Three scenarios of CO2 emissions are set including business as usual (BAU), energy efficiency improvement scenario (EEI), and low carbon scenario (LC). The result shows that the LC scenario is the most appropriate and the most feasible scenario for China to achieve the low-carbon development in the future. Assuming that China’s future development follows the LC scenario, we give three suggestions of low-carbon transformation in China: technological innovation, energy structure optimization and policy advice.
Research on the Corrosion Behavior of Nickel Base Alloy in Municipal Sludge Treated by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Ma Hong , Wang Shu Zhong , Gao Mei , Wen Sheng
Published: August 2014

The corrosion behavior of Nickel base alloy was studied in municipal sludge treated by supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). The results showed that the corrosion rate of Nickel-base alloy Inconel600 in the temperature zone under 460°C is smaller, the surface oxide were mainly Cr2O3. The corrosion rate of Nickel-base alloy Inconel625 in the supercritical temperature zone is smaller, it formed more easily protective layers containing element Ni (main containing NiO and Ni (OH)2) and had good heat resistance at higher temperature.
A Fuzzy Modeling Approach for Human Health Risk Assessment of Organic Contamination in Groundwater
Authors: Tan Sheng Lin , Guan Shuai , Liu Zu Fa
Published: August 2014

This study was performed to develop a fuzzy model for human health risk assessment of organic contamination of groundwater to quantify the uncertainties inherent in risk assessment processes. The fuzzy model was constructed based on the fuzzy set theory and traditional risk assessment approach. Triangular fuzzy number was used to describe the variability of parameters associated with traditional risk assessment and α-cut sets was taken to transform fuzzy numbers to intervals that can be fairly taken into arithmetic operation of lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and hazard index (HI) which respectively denotes the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. Considering the exposure routes of drinking and showering, the developed fuzzy model yields risks at different memberships as well as the expectation of risks. The model was applied to a site in China with organics-contaminated groundwater. It was found that tetrachloroethylene (PCE) posed the most risks, followed by trichloroethylene (TCE), while carbon tetrachloride (CT) posed the smallest. Results also showed drinking, compared with showering, is the major exposure route and boiling is important for reducing health risks of groundwater.
Brief Introduction of Traditional Seismic Technology and Emerging Isolation Technology
Authors: Li Ji Yang , Zhang Wen Fang
Published: August 2014

Seismic can be divided into passive seismic and active seismic. Seismic isolation technology belong to the second type. Base isolation structure is defined by setting the isolation layer between the superstructure and foundation building, to extend the natural period architecture, increasing the damping to reduce structural seismic response. It is a passive control system. Compared with the traditional seismic structure, it mainly through the isolation layer to absorb and dissipate energy, reducing the response to the earthquake.
Research Progress on Ecological Security Evaluation of Land in China
Authors: Fu Jian Chun , Di Wu
Published: August 2014

Land Ecological Security, the land ecological system which embraced various organic and inorganic above the surface of land is not damaged. Land Resource Ecological Security is a healthy or balanced status means the land resource is not or less threatens. From the two statements, both have similar meaning. The evaluation of the land ecological security is a meaningful and predictable evaluation which is about earth usage result of the macro-restructure and possible impact on environment and ecology, and which is guideline to keep the environment uninfluenced and district ecology safe from the earth usage planning. Based on summarizing the recent research domain, research target, research time, parameter of evaluation, and methods, this paper analyzed the new research progress.
Residues of Veterinary Antibiotics in Pig Feeds and Manures in Zhejiang Province
Authors: Shen Dong Sheng , Tao Xiao Qing , Shentu Jia Li , Wang Mei Zhen
Published: August 2014

To investigate the concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TTC), chlortetracycline (CTC) in pig feeds and manures, 30 samples of pig manures and 30 samples of pig feeds in different growth periods of pigs were sampled in Zhejiang Province in China. The results showed that the means of the concentrations of OTC, TTC and CTC in pig feeds were 8.76, 6.62 and 23.26 mg kg-1, respectively. The concentrations of OTC, TTC and CTC in manures were 2.98, 3.00 and 4.62 mg kg-1, respectively. The concentration of CTC in pig feeds were 2~4 times higher than that of OTC and TTC. The concentrations of OTC, TTC and CTC in manures from piglets were positively correlated to those in their feeds, with the correlation coefficients of 0.64, 0.61 and 0.58, respectively. It suggested that less amount of antibiotics should be added in piglet feeds than in other pig feeds.
Research on a Multi-Index Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Surface Water Quality Assessment
Authors: Meng Xian Lin , Fan Guang Liang , Cao Xiao Hui , He Jun Guo , Qu Jian Hua
Published: August 2014

The evaluation of surface water quality is a problem which relates to whether the environmental function and value do possess or not in the water. A new comprehensive evaluation method which combines Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the weighted grey correlation method was presented in this paper. The reduction of indicators and the weakening of the multiple correlation among indicators were considered in Principal Component Analysis. According to different functional areas categories of every section, the weighted grey correlation method could determine the evaluation indicator’s weights, strengthen the effect of concerntrations of indicators and consider each indicator’s impact. The Mudanjiang River downstream sections were used as the research object. Based on the water quality monitoring data of typical monitoring section in 2013, the study on the environmental quality assessment of downstream section in mudanjiang was given in this paper. The efficiency of the evaluation process and the accuracy of the results can be improved.
Safety Evaluation of Underground Uranium Mine Ventilation System Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Ye Yong Jun , Li Zhi , Jiang Jun Ting
Published: August 2014

Mechanical ventilation is an effective way to reduce and control radon concentration in underground uranium mine. Firstly, to meet the special requirements of radiation protection in underground uranium mine, the safety evaluation index system of underground uranium mine ventilation system based on the AHP and FCE was built from the perspective of safety and reliability. Secondly, this article elaborated how to distribute index weight by utilizing the AHP. Then, the introduction to the steps of FCE was given. Finally, these were applied to the safety evaluation of an underground uranium mine ventilation system. Subjective factors have little effect on the evaluation results due to the integrated utilization of the AHP and the FCE, moreover, the results are consistent with the real situation and are reliable. At the same time, the results point out the way to improve the safety and reliability of underground uranium mine ventilation system, which can facilitate the managers to make decisions.
Analysis on the Source of China’s Rural Pollution and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Hu Xue Hai
Published: August 2014

Environmental pollution has become a severe threat to the sustainable development of China’s rural areas. The economic source of China’s rural environmental pollution consists of three factors, which are the assumption of “rational economic person”, the externalities of environmental pollution and the quasi-public characteristic of natural resources. The political source of rural environmental pollution is the failure of government regulation. In order to solve market failures and government failures, we need to establish a long term mechanism to solve rural pollution via moral, economic and legal measures.
Effects of Water Stresses on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Hemarthria Compressa
Authors: Jin Jun Ying , Yuan Ling , Chang Bao
Published: August 2014

The photosynthetic characteristic of plants may reflect the situation of growth and drought resistance. This study showed that drought affected significantly the Pn and Tr of Hemarthria compressa, the daily variation of Pn and Tr showed the “single peak” curve under different water condition, however, the change trend was totally opposite; the Gs and the Ci decreased with the increase of water stresses; the peak value of WUE of different water condition appeared before 10:00AM; the WUE decreased with the increase of Tr after 10:00AM. The WUE of different water stresses were higher than control before 12:00AM, however, less than control during 12:00 to 18:00. Hemarthria compressa generally tends to reduce the stomatal opening and transpiration in order to achieve high WUE under the water deficit, which belongs to strong drought resistance forage species.
The Impact of Raw Material Purity on R142b Standard Gas Mixture Preparation
Authors: Bi Zhe , Zhou Ze Yi , Wang Xing , He Jie
Published: August 2014

The impact of purity of raw material on the accuracy of gas standard is studied. The R142b with purity of 99.6% and N2 with purity of 99.996% was used to prepare R142b in N2 gas standard based on gravimetric method. Results showed that if the impurity in R142b raw material was not dectected, it would cause 0.20-0.23% deviation relative to the reference value; if the uncertainty for impurity in R142b reach to 100%, the uncertainty in each step of dilution was amplified for almost 66.9%-144%, seriously reducing the reliability of the gas standard. Conversely, the neglect of 4.85×10-5 mol/mol Ar in dilutent gas N2 would neither significantly affect the mole fraction nor its uncertainty value. These results clarified the importance of purity analysis on standard gas mixture preparation.
Water Environment Numerical Simulation for a Complicated River-Lake System
Authors: Wang Hua , Ji Feng Qiang , Xia Kun , Wu Meng An
Published: August 2014

Zhushan Bay watershed to the northwest of Lake Taihu was selected as the research area. Taking the close connection of water quality and quantity of river-lake system into consideration, we constructed a water environmental coupling model of 1-D river network and 2-D lake to simulate hydrodynamic and water quality of river-lake system. Based on the results of field measured data, the constructed model was calibrated and validated. According to results of calibration, the range of river roughness was 0.02~0.028, the degradation coefficient of COD, NH3-N and TP degradation coefficient was 0.09~0.11 d-1, 0.05~0.07 d-1and 0.04 d-1, respectively; the lake bottom roughness was 0.025, the wind stress coefficient was 0.0013, the degradation coefficient of COD, NH3-N and TP degradation coefficient was 0.06、0.04 and 0.02 d-1, respectively. The calculated results fit well with the experimental results, indicating that the model has good practicality.
Phytohormones Act as Information-Bridges between Light and Temperature Signaling Transduction Pathways
Authors: Song Jun Yi , Hu Bi Ru
Published: August 2014

To survive an ever-changing environment, plants must respond to changes in the environment constantly and evolve great plasticity to adapt these changes whilst maintaining developmental and growth processes. Light and temperature are two major factors among numerous environmental stimuli. Their regulations are involved in various developmental and metabolic processes. Moreover, studies have revealed that light and temperature regulate physiological processes like seed germination, hypocotyl elongation and flowering synergistically. This indicates connection exists between these two stimuli response. In this study, we adopted microarry analysis and bio-informatics approaches to identify the relationship between light and temperature sensing pathways. The results of these works, combined with literature research results, shown that multiple hormone-synthesis and -transport genes respond to both light and temperature stimuli, and phytohormones shore up the relationship between light and temperature signaling transduction pathway.
Impact of Herbicide Atrazine and Nicosulfuron on the Soil Respiration and Enzyme Activities
Authors: Li An , Yao Yuan , Sun Shu Qing , Jiang Li Ya , Liu Xian , Gao Zeng Gui
Published: August 2014

The effects of two herbicides on soil respiration, the activity of catalase and the activity of urease were studied in laboratory. The results showed that effects of atrazine and nicosulfuron on soil respiration were different. The soil respirations were in inhibition when soils were treated with atrazine, while soil respirations were in promotion-inhibition-recover when soils were treated with nicosulfuron. The soil respirations were different at different herbicide concentrations. According to coefficient of injury, herbicides atrazine and nicosulfuron both belong to low toxicity herbicides or no toxic herbicides. The effects of herbicides on the activities of catalase and urease were same, which were inhibition-recovery. The activity of unease was inhibited by atrazine and nicosulfuron before 21d. Half dosage of nicosulfuron has a significant inhibitory effect. The different concentrations of atrazine and nicosulfuron had no obvious effect on the catalase activity.
Research on Pad-Dry Dyeing and Ultraviolet Protection of Silk Fabric Using Dyes Extracted from Laccifer lacca Kerr
Authors: Mongkholrattanasit Rattanaphol , Klaichoi Charoon , Nakpathom Monthon , Pattavanitch Jitti , Rungruangkitkrai Nattadon
Published: August 2014

Silk fabric was dyed with the colourant extracted from Laccifer Lacca Kerr. by using post-mordanting process and pad-dry technique. The effect of metal mordantats at different mordant concentration levels on their colour strength was also investigated. Silk fabrics dyed with Laccifer Lacca extract showed a light pink shade, while those dyed with alum and stannous chloride produces pinkish-red colour. Silk mordanted with CuSO4 gave a purple red colour, while those dyed with FeSO4 had a reddish-gray colour. The fastness properties ranged from fair to good, while washing fastness was poor level. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values of silk fabric dyed with and without metal mordants ranged between good and excellent for dyed fabric.The results confirmed that natural dyes from Laccifer Lacca Kerr. extract have potential applications for silk fabric dyeing and producing ultraviolet (UV) protective silk fabric.
Influences of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Transport of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminant in Soil
Authors: Cai Ou Chen
Published: August 2014

As nanotechnologies become more widely used, titania nanoparticles are being released to the subsurface environment via wastewater sludge applications. Titania nanoparticles are not only toxic to organisms in the environment, but recent studies revealed that they may also serve as carriers of hydrophobic organic contaminants and affect their fate and distribution in the subsurface environment. The mobility of titania nanoparticles varies depending on nanoparticle morphology characteristics, pH and the ionic strength of solutions, flow velocity, nanoparticle concentration, and the presence of surfactant or natural organic matter. Analogous to findings for natural and engineered carbonaceous nanoparticles, titania nanoparticles may enhance the transport of hydrophobic organic contaminants in porous media. However, to prove this hypothesis, further research is necessary. Thus experiments examining the impacts of titania nanoparticle on the hydrophobic organic matter transport in porous media were designed, which consist of three different sets of column experiments. These experimental sets will investigate the effects of the presence of titania nanoparticles, the size of nanoparticles and the organic carbon content in soil, respectively. Due to the estimation of the potential for the titania nanoparticles to facilitate organic contaminant transport, the experiment results are expected as: (a) the presence of titania nanoparticles will enhance the organic contaminant transport in porous media; (b) smaller nanoparticles will adsorb more organic contaminants and enhance their transport as the result of the increasing specific surface area; (c) soil containing higher organic matter content will compete for the adsorption of organic contaminants and retard their facilitated transport by titania nanoparticles.
Advance in Researching Polyploid Induction on Heavy Metal Hyperaccumulator
Authors: You Shao Hong , Lin Zi Yu
Published: August 2014

Using phytoremediation technique to remove contaminants from soil had become a topic in current research. This article expounded the domestic and oversea research progress of plants on polyploid techniques and was systematically elaborated from many aspects, including the formation of polyploid, induction methods, and application, etc. The direction of phytoremediation is put forward that the biomass and heavy metal accumulation quantity of hyperaccumulators would be raised through polyploid induction.
Study on Denitrification Intensity in Rice Rhizosphere Soil under Water Management Model
Authors: Chen Han Xiang , Ma Ge Lan , Chen Zhi Gang , Chen Lei , Zhang Ke
Published: August 2014

A typical rice field ecosystem as the research object, using the indoor pot experiment to study the three kinds of water driven (shallow layer of continuous irrigation (C), alternating wet and dry (J), and water control mode (G)) on the effect of rice rhizosphere soil denitrification intensity. Effect of changes in soil moisture caused by the three different irrigation patterns on different growth stages of rice on rhizosphere denitrification was comparatively analyzed,referring to the rhizosphere denitrification capacity during different rice growth stage.The results showed that: soil denitrification intensity with different water managements changed significantly, showing C>J>G. And with the growth of plants, under three different water managements, denitrification intensity showed a downward trend. Mature reached to a minimum. All have to be higher than control groups.
Environmental Effect Analysis of Coalfield Fire in Xinjiang and its Preventive
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hu She Rong , Yue Ting , Zhang Xue Qing , Yu Ming Da , Li Xiao Fei
Published: August 2014

Coal self-combustion loses a large amount of coal resources in China's Xinjiang region, not only caused huge economic losses each year, but also caused serious environmental pollution problems. Through the coals on the ecological environment, including air, water, land resources, biological survival of both the environment and the geological environment,the article analyzed the impact of coal on the environment,and Proposed technical measures to combat coal fires.
Inhibitory Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves of Common Tropical Green Plants on Urea Hydrolysis in Soils
Authors: Shi Yun Feng , Zhang Li Li , Zhao Mu Qiu , Wang Gang
Published: August 2014

Tropical plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites, and plant aqueous extracts can be used as urease inhibitors to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce the negative environmental effects. An incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of 32 common tropical green plant species from 24 families on urea hydrolysis. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts from 3 of the common tropical green plants (Pterocarpus indicus, Callistemon rigidus, Terminalia mantaly) belonging to Leguminosae, Myrtaceae and Combretaceae respectively showed better inhibitory effects on urease than hydroquinone as a chemical inhibitor, and had more obvious potential applications. The inhibitory effects of active substances in plants were affected by extract temperature causing by solubility and thermal stability of active substances. T. mantaly had the most potential for development in this study as a fertilizer additive. The inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of T. mantaly leaves on urea hydrolysis increased with increasing concentration of aqueous extracts, the strongest inhibitory effect on urease occurred after 2-3 d of incubation.
Overview of Hazard and Treatment Methods of Cu in Soil
Authors: Sun Li Na , Yang Li Qiong
Published: August 2014

With the development of China’s industrialization process, heavy metal pollution is more and more serious. Cu is one of the widely distributed heavy metals. It has a cumulative effect and can cause cancer which is a huge potential threat to human life safety. So this paper expounds the hazard, sources, environmental behavior, control methods and problems existing in the methods of Cu.
The Importance of Ecological Safety and its Realization Way
Authors: Dong Shi Bao , Sun Jing , Cao Ze Yu
Published: August 2014

The ecological safety is actually a social project, a civilization project and a quality project, not only it needs the whole society to retrospect and reform from the following aspects as the idea, the action mode, the ethic responsibility and laws & regulations, etc. but also it needs each one of us to take part in it, implement it conscientiously and make contributions to the social civilization progress. We enjoy the ecological safety each and every one, so we should construct it together and take on our tasks and responsibilities accordingly.
Application of the CNOP Method in the Shallow Lake Ecosystem
Authors: Qi Qian Qian , Wang Bo
Published: August 2014

It is serious on the degradation of the shallow lake ecosystem at present, while the recovery of the macrophytes vegetations and the increase in water transparency have been the main contents of the ecological restoration. Using a two-variable model, we discuss the instability and sensitivity of the ecosystem to the finite-amplitude perturbations related to the initial condition with CNOP-I method. Results show that the linearly stable clear (turbid) water states can be nonlinearly unstable with the finite-amplitude perturbations. The results also demonstrate that the facilitation interactions between the submerged macrophytes and the water transparency are the main trigger for a shift from the turbid to the clear state.
Comparison and Development of CLIA and ELISA for Detection of Sudan I in Food Sample
Authors: Fan Yan , Zhu Li Xin , Liu Ren Rong , Xu Long , Meng Wei
Published: August 2014

Two immunological methods, ELISA and CLIA were optimized and compared. The sensitivity of CLIA was higher. The optimized CL-ELISA allowed the Sudan I detection in a linear range of 0.156-5 ng mL-1, the IC50 was 0.642ng mL-1 and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05ng mL-1. The method showed good recoveries with spiked chili powder. The recovery rate range from 97.28-112.39%. The proposed method proved to be efficient for the detection of Sudan I in food samples.
Experiments on the Removal of Fine Particles in Existing Air Pollution Control Devices by Chemical Agglomeration
Authors: Liu Yong , Yang Lin Jun , Pan Dan Ping , Huang Rong Ting
Published: August 2014

The removals of PM2.5from coal combustion by electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system with adding chemical agglomeration solution were investigated experimentally based on coal-fired thermal system. The experimental results show that the average diameter of particles could grow more than four times with the effect of wetting, liquid bridge force and adsorption bridging, and the PM2.5concentration of ESP outlet can decrease 40% under typical flue gas conditions. The removal efficiency of fine PM2.5is improved about 30% when adding chemical agglomeration solution before desulfurization tower.
Preliminary Study on Influencing Factors of Wastewater Purification by Microbial Nano-Silica Ball
Authors: Yin Chao , Shao Xiao Hou , Wang Long , Mao Xin Yu , Lu Jia , Wang Teng , Ren Liang
Published: August 2014

EM enrichment culture liquid was immobilized on nano-silica carrier consisting of pond sediment, zeolite powder and nano-silica to form microbial nano-silica ball. Influencing factors of initial ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), COD, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations on wastewater purification by microbial nano-silica ball were studied. The results showed that removal rate of NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) was the highest with COD concentration of 500mg/L when initial COD was ranged from 250 to 2000mg/L. On the condition of initial NH4+-N concentration ranged from 50 to 500mg/L, removal amount of NH4+-N and TN in wastewater reached the maximum when NH4+-N concentration was 400mg/L. On the condition that pH was ranged from6 to 9, removal effect of pollutants was the best when pH was 8. The results also showed that NH4+-N and TN removal rates in wastewater could be increased by appropriate aeration. But aeration had no effect on TP removal rate in wastewater.
Water Movement Rule and Quality Assessment of Overflow in the Zhenjiang Neijiang
Authors: Wang Song Mei , Wu Chun Du , Chu Jin Yu , Xie Qing Jie
Published: August 2014

We perform a study of the waste water from overflow in the Zhenjiang Neijiang . Determine content of COD、NH3-N、TP which changing along the distance at different water levels . Based on the SPSS14.0 correlation analysis , single factor pollution index and the comprehensive pollution index we study water movement rule and quality assessment. The results showed that : At low water level COD、NH3-N、TP decrease alleviation, the whole datum are high; at high water level COD、NH3-N、TP decrease greatly between 0~7m,but decrease alleviation between 7~200m. (2) Only the content of NH3-N (0~7m ) has significant differences (p<0.05),the other content all has not significant differences (p>0.05), the waste water from overflow was seriously polluted so that the wetland can not purify it adequately. (3)Based on the Vwater quality grade standard, at low water level the content of COD、NH3-N、TP(0~200m ) are all beyond standard; at high water level the content of COD、NH3-N、TP(80~200m ) are all beyond standard; the order of the potential ecological rick is: NH3-N>TP>COD. The study on the datum could offer a favorable plan for purifying the waste water from overflow in the Zhenjiang Neijiang.
Keyword: overflow; water movement rule; correlation analysis; water quality assessment
Influence of Aeration Modes on Aerobic Bio-Drying of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Authors: Zhang Hong Yu , Gu Jun , Wang Gui Qin , Hao Li Wei , Wu Xue Qin
Published: August 2014

The process of biodrying could be a good solution for municipal solid waste management, allowing the production of fuel with an interesting energy content. In this study, bio-drying the mixed municipal solid waste (with the size among 15-80 mm) with different aeration modes were conducted. During the experiment, temperature, oxygen content and moisture content were determined, and continuous measurements of H2S and CH4 were taken. The results indicated that the thermophilic phases of all treatments beside T1 were met the Chinese standard of >55°C for 5-7 days for sanitation. The aeration mode of T4 was in favor of reduced the H2S and CH4 emission during MSW bio-drying. Under the condition of this study, the bio-drying cycle should be determined for 18 days. Intermittent ventilation mode is more effective to reduce the moisture content in MSW bio-drying process. So the aeration mode of T4 (2.0L/min, 30min run/30 min stop) was the first choice during MSW bio-drying.
Study on the Disposal for Retired or Scrap Weaponry and Equipment
Authors: Xin Tao , Xu Zong Chang , Han Yuan Yuan
Published: August 2014

The US Army’s disposal situations about the retired or scrap equipment are discussed. Primary methods are as follow, establishing the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS), setting up Aeronautical Maintenance and Recycle Center, founding a “Shadow Fleet” by retired fleet and ships, carrying on equipment remanufacture program, implementing contractor support. And then, the essay analyzes its characteristics such as paying close attention, perfecting mechanism, integrated management, disposing in time, classifying, using modern techniques, civil-military integration, etc. Finally, its enlightenments are mainly discussed, in current circumstance, paying more attention to dispose the retired or scrap equipment, whole-system whole-life and whole-goal optimization design especially considering the disposal at the designing phase, developing and innovating the technologies of reutilization, taking the development path of civil-military integration type are the inevitable trends.
Prevention of Neutrophil Extravasation by α2-Adrenoceptor–Mediated Endothelial Stabilization
Authors: Herrera-García Ada María , Domínguez-Luis María Jesús , Arce-Franco María , Armas-González Estefanía , Álvarez de La Rosa Diego , Machado José David , Pec Martina K. , Feria Manuel , Barreiro Olga , Sánchez-Madrid Francisco , Díaz-González Federico
Published: August 2014

Adrenergic receptors are expressed on the surface of inflammation-mediating cells, but their potential role in the regulation of the inflammatory response is still poorly understood. The objectives of this work were to study the effects of α2-adrenergic agonists on the inflammatory response in vivo and to determine their mechanism of action. In two mouse models of inflammation, zymosan air pouch and thioglycolate-induced peritonitis models, the i.m. treatment with xylazine or UK14304, two α2-adrenergic agonists, reduced neutrophil migration by 60%. The α2-adrenergic antagonist RX821002 abrogated this effect. In flow cytometry experiments, the basal surface expression of L-selectin and CD11b was modified neither in murine nor in human neutrophils upon α2-agonist treatment. Similar experiments in HUVEC showed that UK14304 prevented the activation-dependent upregulation of ICAM-1. In contrast, UK14304 augmented electrical resistance and reduced macromolecular transport through a confluent HUVEC monolayer. In flow chamber experiments, under postcapillary venule-like flow conditions, the pretreatment of HUVECs, but not neutrophils, with α2-agonists decreased transendothelial migration, without affecting neutrophil rolling. Interestingly, α2-agonists prevented the TNF-α–mediated decrease in expression of the adherens junctional molecules, VE-cadherin, β-catenin, and plakoglobin, and reduced the ICAM-1–mediated phosphorylation of VE-cadherin by immunofluorescence and confocal analysis and Western blot analysis, respectively. These findings indicate that α2-adrenoceptors trigger signals that protect the integrity of endothelial adherens junctions during the inflammatory response, thus pointing at the vascular endothelium as a therapeutic target for the management of inflammatory processes in humans.