bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel method for determining 234U-238U ages of Devils Hole 2 cave
calcite
Authors: Li Xianglei , Wendt Kathleen A. , Dublyansky Yuri , Moseley Gina E. , Spötl Christoph , Edwards R. Lawrence
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Uranium-uranium (234U-238U) dating can determine the age of secondary carbonates over greater time intervals than the well-established 230Th-234U dating method. Yet it is rarely applied due to unknowns surrounding the initial δ234U (δ234Ui) value, which result in significant age uncertainties. In order to understand the δ234Ui in Devils Hole 2 cave, we have precisely determined 110 δ234Ui values from phreatic calcite crusts using a 230Th-234U chronology. The sampled calcite crusts were deposited in Devils Hole 2 between 4 and 590 thousand years, providing a long-term look at δ234Ui variability over time. We then performed multi-linear regressions among the δ234Ui values and correlative δ18O and δ13C values. These regressions allow us to predict the δ234Ui value of Devils Hole calcite based upon its δ18O and δ13C. Using this approach and measured present-day &felta;234U values, we calculate 110 independent 234U-238U ages of Devils Hole 2 cave deposits. In addition, we used newly measured δ18O, δ13C, and present-day δ234U values to calculate 10 234U-238U ages that range between 676 and 731 thousand years, thus allowing us to extend the Devils Hole chronology beyond the 230Th-234U-dated chronology while maintaining an age precision of ~2 %. Our results indicate that calcite deposition at Devils Hole 2 cave began no later than 736 ± 11 thousand years ago. The novel method presented here may be used in future speleothem studies in similar hydrogeological settings, given appropriate calibration studies.
DEFINITION OF A METHODOLOGY TO DERIVE ROAD NETWORK FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY CLASSES USING CAR TRACKING DATA
Authors: Ajmar A. , Arco E. , Boccardo P.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Road network functional hierarchy classifies individual roads into several levels, for efficient traffic management and road network generalization purposes. Automatic and semi-automatic road network extraction methods exist, but the generated products normally lack information on its functional hierarchy. This paper presents a methodology for automatically retrieve functional hierarchy for an OpenStreetMap derived road network from Floating Car Data, obtaining evenly distributed (e.g. for generalization purposes) or dynamic (e.g. to take into account differences in traffic volumes in different moments of the day) classifications. Road network elements are classified in function of vehicle speed values: the class distribution generated with the proposed methodology follows a linear distribution that can be better exploited for generalization purposes. Furthermore, the methodology allows to clearly distinguish different distributions in different moments of the day and days of the week, supporting traffic management activities.
A 3D MAP AIDED DEEP LEARNING BASED INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM FOR SMART DEVICES
Authors: Yang Y. , Toth C. , Brzezinska D.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Indoor positioning technologies represent a fast developing field of research due to the rapidly increasing need for indoor location-based services (ILBS); in particular, for applications using personal smart devices. Recently, progress in indoor mapping, including 3D modeling and semantic labeling started to offer benefits to indoor positioning algorithms; mainly, in terms of accuracy. This work presents a method for efficient and robust indoor localization, allowing to support applications in large-scale environments. To achieve high performance, the proposed concept integrates two main indoor localization techniques: Wi-Fi fingerprinting and deep learning-based visual localization using 3D map. The robustness and efficiency of technique is demonstrated with real-world experiences.
CREATION OF HIGH DEFINITION MAP FOR AUTONOMOUS DRIVING
Authors: Tsushima F. , Kishimoto N. , Okada Y. , Che W.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. High Definition Map (HD Map) is one of the essential components for autonomous driving systems. The HD Map helps localization, detection, prediction and planning of autonomous driving cars in combination with GNSS and IMU sensors. A lot of map providers and major car manufactures have been trying the development of efficient ways to create and update HD Maps with centimeter-level precision. However, there are no open standard ways well-established to produce HD Map at the present time. Since 2013, we have been being engaged in the research projects and actual production projects on the creation of HD Maps. This paper introduces practical knowledge on five key steps of our large-scale production lines for HD Map creation, which are 1) Mobile Mapping System (MMS) survey, 2) 3D plotting, 3) Feature attributes editing and road network topology building, 4) Format conversion and 5) Quality assurance.
PREFACE: THE 2020 EDITION OF THE XXIVTH ISPRS CONGRESS
Authors: Mallet C. , Lafarge F. , Poreba M. , Rupnik E. , Bahl G. , Girard N. , Garioud A. , Dowman I. , Paparoditis N.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. We report key elements and figures related to the proceedings of the 2020 edition of the XXIVth ISPRS Congress. The COVID-19 pandemic causes global travel challenges and restrictions for the full year 2020. Consequently, the Congress planned in June 2020 in Nice (France) was postponed to July 2021. Papers were already submitted and the review process was almost complete. Thus, it has been decided to achieve the publication of the proceedings of these papers under the label “2020 Edition”. The authors of published papers have the opportunity to present their work during a Virtual Event (31 August – 2 September 2020), while the papers of the 2021 edition will be presented during the (physical) Congress in July 2021.
GEOSPATIAL VALUATION OF URBAN FARMING IN IMPROVING CITIES RESILIENCE: A CASE OF MALANG CITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Atmaja T. , Yanagihara M. , Fukushi K.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Urban farming is recently acknowledged as a strategy with various services in improving cities resilience but facing cons such as land competition and rapid urbanization. The study attempts to inventory available areas for urban farming implementation and estimate the total values with case study in Malang city, Indonesia. The study divided urban farming into five forms i.e. nursery, allotment, residential, institutional and rooftop farming based on its characteristics. Land inventory has been done by estimating existing and potential areas. Existing area was manually delineated by Field Area Measure App through field visit and visualized by ArcGIS. Potential area was identified through geospatial assessment considering land use and land cover map provided by the Government of Indonesia and parcel zoning based on Guideline of Urban Farming development and literatures. The study employed Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and Market Price Method to estimate total values of urban farming. Currently there is 1.38 ha of urban farming which is equal to 0.01 % of city’s area distributed in 21 plots and 211.46 ha potential area or equal to 1.92 % of city’s area. Urban farming has services for amount of US$ 28.68 m−2 yr−1, specifically 22.86, 3.60, 0.80, 1.10 and 0.34 US$ m−2 yr−1 in terms of provisioning food; income generation; recreation and community building; education and learning; and maintenance urban comfort, respectively. If existing and potential area used for urban farming, then it could contribute to US$ 395,095.68 annually for existing and potentially up to US$ 60,646,800.35 annually for entire city.
BURNT AREA DETECTION USING MEDIUM RESOLUTION SENTINEL 2 AND LANDSAT 8 SATELLITES
Authors: Ongeri D. , Kenduiywo B. K.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Forest fire is one of the most serious environmental problems in Kenya that influences human activities, climate change and biodiversity. The main goal of this study is to apply medium resolution sensors (Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel 2 MSI) to produce burnt area severity maps that will include small fires (< 100 ha) in order to improve burnt area detection and mapping in Kenya. Normalized burnt area indices were generated for specified pre- and post-fire periods. The difference between pre- and post-fire Normalized Burnt Ration (NBR) was used to compute δNBR index depicting forest disturbance by fire events. Thresholded classes were derived from the computed δNBR indices to obtain burnt severity maps. The spatial and temporal agreements of the Burnt area detection dates were validated by comparing against the MODIS MCD641 500 m products and MODIS Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) 1 km daily product hot-spot acquisition dates. This approach was implemented on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform with a simple user interface that allows users to auto-generate burnt area maps and statistics. The operational GEE application developed can be used to obtain burnt area severity maps and statistics that allow for initial accurate approximation of fire damage.
QUALITY ASPECTS OF TRUE ORTHOPHOTO IN URBAN AREAS
Authors: Ostrowski W. , Gulli V. D. , Bakula K. , Kurczyński Z.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Orthophotos are one of the most popular photogrammetric products and have been a leading source of up-to-date 2D data of urban areas for years. In the last few years, together with innovations in the area of Dense Image Matching, Digital Surface Models created with dense image matching start to be utilized as the height source during orthorectification. Recently this production workflow of true orthophotos were adopted to production standard in many countries. The aim of the presented research was to evaluate recent developments in the area of automatic true orthophoto generation for urban areas and to define factors which have the main influence on the quality of the final product. Obtained results showed that besides of the image overlap, the main factors which have direct influence on the resulted true orthophoto are the occurrence of shadows and vegetation (trees). One of the outcomes of the presented research was that the quantitative methods develop for quality evaluation of Digital Surface Models and Point Clouds are not directly transferable on the quality evaluation of true orthophotos.
MULTI-LEVEL EDUCATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING FRAMEWORK FOR TECHNOLOGY ADAPTATION
Authors: Vyas A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Advancements in the Geospatial Technology has brought about benefits to various fields in science and technology. The education and the capacity building of geospatial technology plays a very important role within these fields. The current practice of the education is basically dominated by the teacher, huge syllabus, non-relevant knowledge and having very little opportunity for the discussions between the students and teachers. Instead of the unidirectional, monolithic, rigid and traditional teaching in practice, it requires a change to dynamic, evolving, in-process and gradual system of learning to shape the knowledge society. This generates creative, innovative human beings to train them to perform based on the scientific reasoning and empirical evidence in their respective fields. In order to develop, there are three important components: content, practice and cross-cutting to be established as a strategy in the data savvy environment. The ‘content’ may shift to more emphasis on higher order skills of constructing explanations, the ‘practice’ would enhance critical thinking as well as synthesis and ‘cross-cutting’ would synergize the performance expectations. Hence, the modified education and capacity building programmes advocate to move to a competency based model and the imperatives motivate the better use of the technology. This paper explains multiple levels that exists across academic, research and practitioner community that have potential to benefit from geospatial technology and it determines appropriate curriculum, pedagogy and evaluation strategies. It also maps an appropriate framework and approaches for multi-level education and capacity building considering the recent developments in geospatial technology.
TRAINING IN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR CLOSE-RANGE SENSING IN ALPINE TERRAIN – 3RD EDITION
Authors: Rutzinger M. , Anders K. , Bremer M. , Höfle B. , Lindenbergh R. , Oude Elberink S. , Pirotti F. , Scaioni M. , Zieher T.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The 3rd edition of the international summer school “Close-range Sensing Techniques in Alpine terrain” took place in Obergurgl, Austria, in June 2019. This article reports on results from the training and seminar activities and the outcome of student questionnaire survey. Comparison between the recent edition and the past edition in 2017 shows no significant differences on the level of satisfaction on organizational and training aspects. Gender balance was present both in candidates and in the outcome of selections. Selection was based on past research activities and on topic relevance. The majority of trainees were therefore doctoral candidates and postdoctoral researchers, but also motivated master students participated. The training took place through keynotes, lectures, seminars, in the field with hands-on surveys followed by data analysis in the lab, and teamwork for preparing a final team presentation over different assignments.
IMPROVING QUALITY AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION ON PHOTOGRAMMETRY: NEW TEACHING APPROACHES AND MULTIMEDIA SUPPORTING MATERIALS
Authors: Tucci G. , Parisi E. I. , Bonora V. , Fiorini L. , Conti A. , Corongiu M. , Ortiz-Sanz J. P. , Gil-Docampo M. , Rego-Sanmartín T. , Arza-García M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The democratization and accessibility of low-cost devices for image acquisition and the development of highly automated procedures for orientation and dense image matching allow almost every person to be a potential producer of photogrammetric models. The diffusion of image-based technologies to produce 3D models amongst wider audiences entails however some risks, as the lack of critical awareness of the final quality of the outputs. Information and education about potentialities and limitations of reality-based digitization by photogrammetry may help spreading procedures and methods for the correct use of this technology. This paper presents the results of one of the funded projects within the 2018 ISPRS Capacity Building Initiatives “Education and training resources on digital photogrammetry”. The production of multimedia material for supporting smart educational teaching and learning approaches will be reported, as well as experiences on their application on case studies. Blended innovative teaching and learning pedagogical approaches have been tested, as Flipped Classroom (FC), Learning-by-doing (LBD), Collaborative Learning (CL), and Challenge-Based Learning (CBL), supported by multimedia tools for capacity-building and knowledge transfer. The implementation of multimedia materials for supporting teaching strategies resulted in the production of updated and engaging resources, as videos, tutorials, and datasets to be used during courses, workshops, and seminars targeted to different user groups. The combination of teaching strategies and multimedia supporting materials were tested within national and international projects, from academic courses to complete non-experts, from activities on the field to online and distance learning.
A WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT OF REMOTE SENSING EXPERIMENTAL CLASS WITH PYTHON
Authors: Li J. , Sheng J. , Chen Y. , Ke L. , Yao N. , Miao Z. , Zeng X. , Hu L. , Wang Q.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Remote sensing course is a general disciplinary required course of human geography and urban-rural planning major. Its class hour is 48, including theoretical classes and experimental classes. Rapid technological developments is remote sensing area demand quick and steady changes in the education programme and its realization, especially in experimental classes. Experimental classes include: introduction to remote sensing software and basic operations, remote sensing data pre-processing (input, output, 2D and 3D terrain display, image cut, image mosaic, and projection transformation), remote sensing image enhancement, remote sensing image transformation, computer aided classification, image interpretation, and remote sensing image terrain analysis. There are two difficulties in the remote sensing experimental classes. First, it cost a lot of time to prepare the remote sensing software and the remote sensing images. Second, some students just want to use the remote sensing as a tool to investigate environment changing, some other students may want to study more remote sensing image processing technologies. A web-based learning environment of remote sensing is developed to facilitate the application of remote sensing experimental teaching. To make the learning more effective, there are eight modules including four optional modules. The Python programming language is chosen to implement the web-based remote sensing learning environment. The web-based learning environment is implemented in a local network server, including the remote sensing data processing algorithms and many satellite image data. Students can easily exercise the remote sensing experimental courses by connecting to the local network server. It is developed mainly for remote sensing experimental course, and also can be adopted by digital image processing or other courses. The feature of web-based learning may be very useful as the online education adopted because of Corona Virus Disease 2019. The results are encouraging and some recommendations will be extracted for the future.
LIGHTCAM: ENLIGHTENING THE CAMERA OBSCURA – WHERE PHOTOGRAMMETRY, COMPUTER AND ROBOTIC VISION MEET
Authors: Nocerino E. , Menna F. , Hänsch R.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In the last years, vision-based systems have flourished at an unprecedented pace, fuelled by developments in hardware components (higher resolution and higher sensitivity imaging sensors, smaller and smarter micro controllers, just to name a few), as well as in software or processing techniques, with AI (Artificial Intelligence) leading to a landmark revolution. Several disciplines have fostered and benefited from these advances, but, unfortunately, not always in a coordinated and cooperative way.When it comes to image-based sensing techniques, photogrammetry, computer vision and robotic vision have many contact points and overlapping areas. Yet, as for people of different cultures and languages, communicating among the three different communities can be very harsh and disorienting - especially for beginners and non-specialists.Driven by a strong educational and inclusive ambition, the LightCam project is funded by the ISPRS Education and Capacity Building Initiatives 2020 (ECB). The project’s ambition is to act as an interpreter and ease the dialog among the three actors, i.e. photogrammetry, computer vision and robotics. Two intermediation tools will be developed to serve this aim: (i) a dictionary of concepts, terminology and algorithms, in the form of a knowledge base website, and (ii) a code repository, where pieces of code for the conversion between different formulations implemented in available software solutions will be shared.
LEARNING THROUGH SERIOUS GAMES: A DIGITAL DESIGN MUSEUM FOR EDUCATION
Authors: Bolognesi C. , Aiello D.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This project aims to demonstrate the communicative and educational possibilities offered by ICT in the promotion and enhancement of museum heritage. To this end, the researchers have outlined a workflow that includes both a technical-engineering component and a psychological component for the development of a serious game, designed to educate users in a pleasant way and applied to a small museum institution located in an ancient building in the city of Milan: the Studio Museo Achille Castiglioni, which hosts a collection of design objects created by one of the most important designers of the 20th century. Virtual Reality was considered the most effective means to make it possible to remotely enjoy the 3D space, thanks to its ability to fully immerse the user in the game space and to physically and emotionally involve him or her through interactive elements, allowing to learn by acting, to live a first-person experience as the protagonist of the visit and not just as a spectator.
VIRTUAL TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER SIMULATOR FOR DIGITALISATION OF TEACHING ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPT AND FIRST RESULTS
Authors: Chizhova M. , Popovas D. , Gorkovchuk D. , Gorkovchuk J. , Hess M. , Luhmann T.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. We are presenting a concept and first results of a Terrestrial Laser Scanner simulator - a tool, which could be a valuable educational tool for geomatics and engineering students. The main goal of the VirScan3D project is to cover engineering digitisation by two major project parts: 1) Development of a virtual environment for creation and processing of digital 3D scan data; 2) Digital teaching and e-learning material with interactive tools and practical experiences. Part 1 will be solved through the development of a virtual system that allows users to create realistic data in the absence of a real measuring device. At the time of writing (April 2020) all higher education teaching and learning worldwide has been changed to online delivery due to the Covid pandemic. However, this has affected the courses that involve working with equipment and – consequently – require the presence of students and devices. In this project, the development of such equipment simulator proposes a real and feasible solution, which allows undisturbed continuing the teaching.The virtual scanner will be based on existing software packages. It will be part of a general e-learning concept that will be implemented in partner universities. Part 2 is addressed through an integrated teaching concept that includes interactive learning tools (for both teachers and students) and practical exercises (for example project weeks, summer schools) where the theoretical and virtual education is connected to practical experience with real instrumentation and data. One outcome of the experimental work is additional e-learning material based on the experiences and results of the project work.The prototype implementation of the virtual laser scanner is realized within a game engine, which allows for fast and easy 3D visualisation and navigation. Within this environment, the user can freely navigate and define suitable scanning positions/stations. At each scanning station a simulated scan is performed, which is based on the technical specifications of a real scanner. The mathematical solution is based on 3D line intersection with the virtual 3D surface including noise and colour as well as an intensity simulation. As a result, 3D point clouds for each station are generated, which will be further processed for registration and modelling using standard software packages.
The role of geomorphology, rainfall and soil moisture in the occurrence of landslides triggered by 2018 Typhoon Mangkhut in the Philippines
Authors: Abancó Clàudia , Bennett Georgina L. , Matthews Adrian J. , Matera Mark A. , Tan Fibor J.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In 2018, Typhoon Mangkhut (locally known as Typhoon Ompong) triggered thousands of landslides in the area of Itogon (Philippines). A landslide inventory of 1101 landslides over a 570 km2 area is used to study the geomorphological characteristics and land cover more prone to landsliding as well as the rainfall and soil moisture conditions that led to widespread failure. Landslides mostly occurred in slopes covered by wooded grassland in clayey materials, predominantly facing East–Southeast. The analysis of both satellite rainfall (GPM IMERG) and soil moisture (SMAP-L4) finds that, in addition to rainfall from the typhoon, soil water content plays an important role in the triggering mechanism. Rainfall associated with Typhoon Mangkhut is compared with 33 high intensity rainfall events that did not trigger regional landslide events in 2018 and with previously published rainfall thresholds. Results show that: (a) it was one of the most intense rainfall events in the year but not the highest, and (b) despite satellite data tending to underestimate intense rainfall, previous published regional and global thresholds are to be too low to discriminate between landslide triggering and non-triggering rainfall events. This work highlights the potential of satellite products for hazard assessment and early warning in areas of high landslide activity where ground-based data is scarce.
The World-System and the Earth System
Authors: Hornborg Alf
Published: August 2020

Efforts to conceptualize the role of asymmetric resource transfers in the capitalist world-system have been constrained by the emphasis on surplus value and the labor theory of value in Marxist thought. A coherent theory of ecologically unequal exchange must focus on asymmetric flows of biophysical resources such as embodied labor, land, energy, and materials. To conceptualize these flows in terms of  “underpaid costs” or “surplus value” is to suggest that the metabolism of the world-system can be accounted for using a monetary metric. This paper rejects both labor and energy theories of value in favor of the observation that market pricing tends to lead to asymmetric resource flows. The Marxist labor theory of value is an economic argument, rather than a physical one. In acknowledging this we may transcend the recent debate within ecological Marxism about whether “nature” and “society” are valid categories. Nature and society are ontologically entwined, as in the undertheorized phenomenon of modern technology, but should be kept analytically distinct. Since the Industrial Revolution, technological progress has been contingent on the societal ratios by which biophysical resources are exchanged on the world market. The failure among Marxist and world-system theorists to properly account for this central aspect of capitalist accumulation can be traced to the pervasive assumption that market commodities have objective values that may exceed their price. Instead of arguing with mainstream economists about whether market assessments of value are justified, it is more analytically robust to observe that market valuation is destroying the biosphere.
Arte Povera as a Tool in Critical Italian-Language Pedagogy
Authors: Formato Giuseppe
Published: August 2020

Visual arts are culturally and historically significant to Italy and a reason why many people study the Italian language. This significance is visible in Italian-language classes, from mentions of high art in beginner-level textbooks to entire courses taught in advanced-level Italian devoted to these arts and their respective movements. The importance of these works to art history and to humanity at large cannot be denied relative to learning about Italian culture in the classroom. However, as presented in this literature review, it may be useful to reevaluate how these more traditional teaching subjects can be considered neutral, with a heavy emphasis on instruction as well as a subconscious perpetuation of racist, sexist, and capitalist ideals. By instead drawing upon the contemporary Italian Arte Povera movement a tool of critical pedagogy from beginner to advanced Italian-language courses, Italian art culture and language can be taught by using a more political, multidimensional approach focused on the learners’ contexts and histories. Thus, students may better understand themselves through Italian language and foster critical thinking, in addition to ultimately acquiring the language.
Editorial
Authors: Rouhiainen Leena , Østern Tone Pernille
Published: August 2020

Editorial for the special issue Choreography Now
Towards astroembodied choreostructions: Deviating from choreographing to choreoreading
Authors: Kellokumpu Simo
Published: August 2020

In this article, I introduce the notion of choreostruction, which has emerged during my doctoral research projectChoreography as Reading Practice in the Performing Arts Research Centre at the University of the Arts, Helsinki (2013–2019). The term stems from studying the French philosopher Jean Luc Nancy’s notion struction, which heexamines in depth in dialogue with the French astrophysicist and philosopher Aurélien Barrau in the book What’s these Worlds Coming to? (2015). In the book, the concept of struction is introduced as one of the concepts that could help us understand how “ we are not living in one world but worlds” , and how we “ no longer create, but appropriate and montage” (quotes from the book cover). I approach the notion and its operative potential by exposing one experimental choreographic work that I am still processing and in which the operative move in my choreographic practice from composition to attention is one important shift that connects my practice to the notion of struction. The term choreostruction is an attempt to materialize the dialogue between my artistic practice and my understanding of Nancy’s notion of struction. Other influencing references of this process come from the writings of philosophers Thomas Nail and Jaana Parviainen and artworks from the history of site-specific art.
Between and within choreographies: An early choreographic object by William Forsythe
Authors: Leon Anna
Published: August 2020

In 1990, William Forsythe created The Books of Groningen – Book N(7), an installation commissioned by the Dutch city of Groningen and architect Daniel Libeskind. This early choreographic object is composed of a water canal, a series of willow trees pulled by wires in order to grow in arched shape and a bush hedge. At a time of marked interest in expanded choreography as it develops in conjunction with choreography’s links to visual art, as well as in choreographic history, this article considers Book N(7) in relation with diverse historical conceptions of choreography – as dance-making, as an organisation of moving bodies, as notation and pre/scription. This analysis shows that the installation negates certain aspects of choreographic history while exemplifying and perpetuating others, therefore situating itself between different historical construals of choreography. At the same time, it points to the ways in which Book N(7) defies the possibility both of complete ruptures and of smooth continuities with the choreographic past, engaging in a negotiation which reworks this past in the present. Framing this analysis of The Books of Groningen – Book N(7) by references to certain of Forsythe’s ulterior works, this article presents the installation as a part of the artist’s longlasting, shifting engagements with the notion and history of choreography.
Study on the Perishable Product’s Pricing Decision With Overconfident Consumers in the Dual-Channel Setting
Authors: Li Ying , Guo Guihang
Published: August 2020

With the development of internet, the online shopping mode has become more popular among consumers, and the online direct selling becomes more common. Besides buying products from traditional stores, consumers could get the product directly from the manufacturer online. In the dual channel setting, the competition becomes fiercer. Retailer should focus more on the price decision and take suitable pricing strategy to increase its profit. In this paper, consumer’s overconfidence behavior is incorporated into perishable products’ pricing decision in the partially integrated dual channel setting. Through the analysis of consumer’s decision making process, this paper constructs the model for partially integrated manufacturer and retailer under the mean and precision overconfidence scenarios, conducts the optimal analysis, and analyzes the effect of consumer’s overconfidence level on the optimal wholesale, retail and direct selling prices. We conclude that, no matter consumers are mean-overconfident or precision-overconfident; there are optimal wholesale price, direct sale price and retail price. Business enterprises should enhance their information collection capability and adopt some marketing measures to influence consumer’s overconfidence level in order to increase the sales revenue.
SWARM: A regional health system’s intervention approach to COVID-19 outbreaks in nursing and adult care homes in rural eastern North Carolina
Authors: Kearney Gregory D. , Cowin Pamela , Hickey Todd , Wall Bennett , Shovelin Jeffrey , Waldrum Michael , Thompson Debra
Published: August 2020

Background: Incessant, COVID-19 outbreaks occurring in nursing and adult care homes are a serious public health concern that continues to create significant healthcare crisis management challenges. Adult care facilities often lack in-house capacity and capability to safely treat its ill residents, while hospitals are strained to balance the influx of patients, allocate scarce resources and protect healthcare workers.Objectives: This project sought to implement a regional, community engaged, intervention model to assist nursing and adult care homes in reducing or preventing outbreaks and risks associated with COVID-19 in rural eastern North Carolina (N.C.).Methods: Design/Setting: Through collaborations between Vidant Health (VH), health departments and a network of community partners, a shared intervention plan was created and implemented to monitor nursing and adult care homes for COVID-19-related outbreaks across 29 counties in rural eastern N.C. A “Strike” team or “Swarm (SWARM) approach was developed as an operationalized concept for rapidly responding to nursing and adult care home outbreaks while providing an array of services and interventions to help prevent the spread of COVID-19. Comparative analysis was conducted between the mean number of COVID-19-related cases, deaths and length of outbreak time in VH service contracted, SWARM facilities (n = 12) and all other non-service contracted, or non-SWARM facilities (n = 155) in N.C.Results: Nursing and adult care homes under service contract using our SWARM approach experienced fewer average number of COVID-19-related resident ill cases (24.4 vs 29.0), and deaths (1.2 vs. 3.9). The length of outbreak recovery time was far less among SWARM facilities than non-participating, non-SWARM facilities (17.1 vs. 25.4; p < .034).Conclusions: By actively monitoring key indicators, engaging in daily communication with local partners and providing rapid response, VH’s SWARM approach provides a proactive method for preventing further spread of COVID-19 in adult care facilities and communities.
Pediatric pain management competencies taught to nursing students in Rwanda: Perspectives of nurse educators, preceptors and nursing students
Authors: Uwimana Philomene , Mukamana Donatilla , Adejumo Oluyinka , Babenko-Mould Yolanda
Published: August 2020

Competency for pediatric pain management is fundamental for nurses’ responsibility in caring for pediatric patients with pain. However, effective nursing management of pain in hospitalized children continues to be a challenge more often linked to competency deficit as a consequence of unpreparedness in the pre-licensing education. Previous studies have established that nursing students exhibited lack of knowledge and poor attitudes regarding pediatric pain management, but none of the studies were done in the Rwandan context. The current study explores the pediatric pain management competencies taught to nursing students in Rwanda. An exploratory descriptive qualitative design based on face-to-face individual interviews and focus group discussions was utilized. Fourteen nurse educators and preceptors and nineteen nursing students were recruited from five study settings to explore their perspectives about pediatric pain management competencies taught to nursing students. Participants’ narratives were analysed using thematic analysis from which six main themes emerged. Participants narrated that competencies related to children pain assessment, pain medication and non-drug pain management interventions were taught to students. However, findings also revealed the challenges that impacted the teaching and learning of paediatric pain management, which need to be addressed for the improvement of pre-service training about pain management in children. The findings from the study suggested further research for a better understanding of the nature of those challenges to inform tailored strategies aimed at improving quality health care provision to children through an improved pediatric pain management education at the undergraduate level.
E-readiness and Security in E-commerce: A Three-Dimensional Approach
Authors: Ngatcheu Irenée Tiako
Published: August 2020

E-commerce is globalizing. It is no possible to a country to emerge without it. That is why the vast majority of the world's countries adopt it. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the factors that impact e-readiness and e-commerce security. To achieve this objective, data have been collected on a sample of 40 cameroonian companies based in Douala and Yaoundé. The number of companies by business sector respects the proportions from the census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS) in 2016. The collected data are then analyzed using statistical software such as STATA to highlight the weight of each dimension. As results, E-readiness depends on legal factors, economic factors and technological factors.

So, E-readiness is based on three pillars: legal, economic and technological. None of the three is to be overlooked in the development of e-commerce.
On a New Optimization Method With Constraints
Authors: RHANIZAR Bouchta x
Published: August 2020

We consider the constrained optimization problem  defined by:

$$f(x^*) = \min_{x \in  X} f(x) \eqno (1)$$

where the function  $f$ : $ \pmb{\mathbb{R}}^{n} \longrightarrow \pmb{\mathbb{R}}$ is convex  on a closed convex set X.

In this work, we will give a new method to solve problem (1) without bringing it back to an unconstrained problem. We study the convergence of this new method and give numerical examples.
International Patterns on Medical Education for the Whole Person
Authors: Mezzich Juan E. , Appleyard James
Published: August 2020

Background: The present century has been called the century of the person, especially in the field of health. In line with this, a programmatic movement has emerged on person-centered medicine, developed in collaboration with the World Medical Association, the World Health Organization, the International Council of Nurses, and the International Alliance of Patient Organizations, among others. This programmatic movement represents a theoretical principle, as well as a practical strategy both in the clinical care and in public health. Its key concepts include ethical commitment based on Kantian imperatives and human rights and an education centered on the person, among several others.
Comparative Study of Prototype Hospitals in Lima with the Person-Centered Care Index Rated by Health Professionals
Authors: Perales Alberto , Kirisci Levent , Mezzich Juan E. , Sánchez Elard , Barahona Lorenzo , Zavala Salomon , Amorín Edgar
Published: August 2020

Background: Interest in person-centered medicine is growing in response to serious contemporary limitations and distortions in medicine and health care across the world. The development of generic instruments with substantial metric features to appraise progress toward person-centered care is providing instrumentation to advance the emerging field.
ICPCM EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON PERSON CENTERED CARE: GENERAL CONCEPTS AND ORGANIZATION
Authors: Appleyard James , Mezzich Juan
Published: August 2020

The International College of Person Centered Medicine’s Educational program is being developed in collaboration with our colleagues from the Indian Medical Association from a series of three symposia held during the ICPCM’s 6th International Congress of Person Centered Medicine in New Delhi, 2018. The purpose of the program is to spread understanding of the principles underlying person-centered medicine and to address strategies and procedures for person-centered care in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
LA PAZ DECLARATION 2018 ON PERSON-CENTERED PRIMARY CARE: POPULAR AND SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE, ECOLOGY, AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Authors: Mezzich Juan
Published: August 2020

Resulting from the Fourth Latin American Conference of Person-Centered Medicine held in La Paz, Bolivia on September 7 and 8, 2018, organized by the Latin American Network of Person-Centered Medicine and the National Academy of Medicine of Bolivia under the auspices of the Latin American Association of National Academies of Medicine, the Peruvian Association of Person-Centered Medicine, the Representation in Bolivia of the Pan American Health Organization/WHO, the University of San Andrés (Bolivia), the Franz Tamayo University (Bolivia), San Marcos National University (Peru), and the International College of Person Centered Medicine.
PERSON CENTERED MEDICINE FOUNDATIONS FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Mezzich Juan , Salloum Ihsan , Kirisci Levent , Perales Alberto
Published: August 2020

Background: The development of person-centered medical education is inscribed within an international programmatic movement toward a medicine focused on the totality of the person. This movement, with broad historical bases, has been maturing since 2008 through conferences with global health institutions, research projects, and academic publications. A key challenge in the application of person-centered medicine (PCM) to the practice of medicine has been the elucidation of its core principles and the development of operationalized measures that allows for assessment of the degree of person-centeredness in clinical care and medical education.
THE MAKING OF A PHYSICIAN: A PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH
Authors: Sharma Shridhar , Sharma Gautam
Published: August 2020

The subject “The Making of a Physician: A Person-Centered Approach” is important today because of the current changing health care environment, where the practice of medicine is being increasingly influenced by growth in science, technology, high
cost, rising expectations of the people, and other powerful market forces emerging from the globalization process, which have put medical practice at cross roads.

The essence of medicine lies in the therapeutic relationship between the doctor and the patient and our attitude to our patients.

It is the person in totality that we are interested in both in health and disease. In reality, the relief of suffering and the cure of a person must be seen as twin obligations of the profession, and true dedication to the cure of the sick. The cure of disease is influenced by our scientific knowledge and growth of science, while the relief of suffering is guided by our compassion to the patient and sharing of patients’ suffering and feelings.
SETTING A COMMON GROUND FOR COLLABORATIVE CARE AND CLINICAL INTERVIEWING
Authors: Mezzich Juan
Published: August 2020

Background: A relationship and communication matrix and collaborative assessment and care, as part of a set of elicited principles and strategies, are hallmarks of person-centered medicine and health care. Their formulation and cultivation have been predicated on both humanistic and scientific grounds. Objectives: This paper is aimed at articulating the bases, key concepts, and strategies for establishing common ground among clinicians, patient, and family for organizing all person-centered clinical care, starting with clinical interviews. Method: For addressing these objectives, a selective review of the clinical literature was conducted. This was complemented by contrasting the findings with the results of similar papers and reflecting on their implications.

Results: One of the broadest and most compelling factors for organizing person centered clinical care effectively in general, and particularly concerning interviewing, assessment, and diagnosis as well as treatment planning and implementation, seems to be setting up common ground among clinicians, patient, and family. Crucial dynamic matrices of common ground seem to be (1) assembling and engaging the key players for effective care, (2) establishing empathetic communication among these players, (3) organizing participative diagnostic processes toward joint understanding of the presenting person’s personhood and health (both problems and positive aspects), and (4) planning and implementing clinical care through shared decision making and joint commitments. Critical guiding considerations for common ground appear to include holistic informational integration, taking into consideration the person’s chronological and space context, and attending to his or her health experience, preferences, and values. Among the most promising strategies for operationalizing common ground is the formulation of a narrative integrative synthesis of clinical and personal information as joint distillation of the assessment process and as foundation for planning care. These considerations also serve as framework for the delineation and organization of effective clinical interviewing.

Discussion: These findings are supported, first, by historical and anthropological research, which elucidates health care as part of social cooperation for the preservation and promotion of life. Common ground appears substantiated by the principles of person centered medicine, and represents one of its most clear projections. Also supportive of common ground is recent research on the positive perceptions of clinicians on procedures that are culturally informed and consider personal experience and values.

Conclusions: It appears that the establishment of a common ground among clinicians, patient, and family is a critical step for the effective person-centered organization of clinical care in general and for interviewing, diagnosis, and treatment planning in particular.
PERSON-CENTERED INTEGRATIVE DIAGNOSIS: CONCEPTS AND PROCEDURES
Authors: Salloum Ihsan M. , Mezzich Juan
Published: August 2020

The person-centered integrative diagnosis (PID) is a model that aims at putting into practice the vision of person-centered medicine affirming the whole person of the patient in context as the center of clinical care and health promotion at the individual and community levels. The PID is a novel model of conceptualizing the process and formulation of clinical diagnosis. The PID presents a paradigm shift with a broader and deeper notion of diagnosis, beyond the restricted concept of nosological diagnoses. It involves a multilevel formulation of health status (both ill and positive aspects of health) through interactive participation and engagement of clinicians, patients, and families using all relevant descriptive tools (categorization, dimensions, and narratives). The current organizational schema of the PID comprises a multilevel standardized component model integrating three main domains. Each level or major domain addresses both ill health and positive aspects of health. The first level is the assessment of health status (ill health and positive aspects of health or well-being). The second level includes contributors to health, both risk factors and protective factors. The third major level includes health experience and values. Experience with the PID through a practical guide in Latin America supported the usefulness and adequacy of the PID model.
SUMMARY REPORT FROM THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PERSON CENTERED MEDICINE
Authors: Mezzich Juan , Snaedal Jon
Published: August 2020

The idea that the Indian Medical Association (IMA) could host a congress on person-centered medicine (PCM) was presented at the 10th Geneva Conference on PCM in April 2017. The idea was well received and accepted by Prof. Ketan Desai, then President of the World Medical Association (WMA) and former President of the IMA. Soon thereafter preparations began as a collaborative effort of IMA and the International College of Person Centered Medicine (ICPCM). A contract was signed by representatives of IMA and ICPCM stipulating the framework and the financial issues of the congress.