bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agronomic and Molecular Characterization of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) Varieties in Nigeria
Authors: Alfred John Ubelejit , Paul Adoyi Michael
Published: June 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study addresses the breeding challenges of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) by utilizing agronomic, morphological, and molecular data to identify optimal parental combinations for enhanced cross-breeding.
The research demonstrated significant variations and strong correlations among agronomic traits, with principal component analysis revealing complete variability at the fifth principal component.
Key findings include the identification of TIS 8164 and TIS 0087/087 as closely related varieties, while molecular characterization highlighted Nwaoyinma and Umuspo 1 as promising parental combinations, providing a foundation for improved breeding strategies in sweet potato cultivation.

Full Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.); 2n = 6x = 90) is a significant root crop globally. However, breeding and cross-breeding of the crop are difficult due to its enormous, complex genome and highly heterozygous hexaploid genetic makeup. This study used data on agronomic traits and morphological and molecular characterization to determine the best parental combinations for improved breeding and cross-breeding of the crop. Agronomic traits analysis and morphological characterization were carried out in the research farm while molecular analysis was done in the molecular biology laboratory. Results of the study show significant variations (p-value = 0.000) and a strong positive correlation among the majority of the agronomic traits and morphological characters, principal component analysis shows 100% variability at the 5th principal component, a dendrogram of agronomic traits analysis shows that TIS 8164 and TIS 0087/087 varieties are about 76% similar and Dixon variety is approximately 66.67% similar to the Umuspo 1 and the Butter Milk varieties, morphological characterization shows 37% similarity between the Umuspo 1 variety and the TIS 8164 variety, polymorphic information content shows polymorphism of 42.86% for IBS166 primer, 28.5% for IB02 primer and 14.29% for IBS199 and Ibu4 primers respectively, a dendrogram of molecular characterization shows no similarity between the Umuspo 1 variety and the other variety and 100% similarity between the TIS 8164 and the TIS 0087/087 varieties. The study concluded that the Nwaoyinma and the Umuspo 1 varieties are good parental combinations
Genetic Diversity Studies in Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) using Morpho-Physiological Traits
Authors: Abdurrasheed Nafisa , Usman A , Dahiru U G
Published: June 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study presents a novel screening of 107 groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance under controlled water-stress and non-stress conditions, providing a comprehensive evaluation of their morphological and physiological traits.
Significant differences were identified, with genotypes ICGV-IS-07902, ICGX-5M-00017/5/P5/P2, and ICGV-IS-13978 emerging as the top performers in drought tolerance.
These findings offer valuable baseline information for breeding programs aimed at enhancing groundnut production in drought-prone regions, suggesting specific genotypes for further development and potential variety release.

Full Abstract
The importance of leguminous crops such as groundnut cannot be overemphasized globally.  Due to the increase in global warming, water scarcity threatens the environment, thereby affecting plant growth and metabolic activities in both semi-arid and arid zones of the world.  Drought stress has severely hindered groundnut yield because pod yield and other growth characteristics have been severely affected.  Therefore, mitigating this hindrance requires a conscious selection of suitable genotypes that could withstand drought threats to groundnut production.  The study aimed to identify drought-tolerant genotypes suitable for the groundnut breeding program.  One hundred and seven (107) groundnut genotypes were screened for drought tolerance during the 2018 dry season in a split-plot design under non-stress and water-stress conditions.  The mean squares for the morphological and physiological traits showed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference between the genotypes under water stress and combined conditions.  The mean performance using the Rank Summation Index revealed ICGV-IS-07902 as the top-performing genotype, followed closely by ICGX-5M-00017/5/P5/P2 and ICGV-IS-13978 while RS006F4B1-45(B) was the least ranked under water stress condition.  Based on the PCA ranking under water-stress conditions, genotypes ICGV-IS-13115, RS006F4B1-45®, ICGV-IS-07853, ICGV-IS-13989, and RS006F4B-534 were the top 5 drought tolerant while genotypes ICGV-IS-07828, 12CS-010, ICGV-IS-07809, RS006F4B1-45(B) and ICGV-IS-07904 were the least 5 drought susceptible.  The genotypes ICGV-IS-13115, RS006F4B1-45®, ICGV-IS-07853, and ICGV-IS-13989 were observed to be better for drought tolerance with high pod yield.  It is suggested that these genotypes could be recommended for further breeding and variety release adapted to drought conditions.
Occurrence of Salmonellae in Chickens from some Selected Poultry Farms in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Saadu Murtala , Usman S , Arzai A H
Published: June 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study provides a novel investigation into the prevalence of Salmonella species in poultry from selected farms in Kano, Nigeria, using comprehensive random sampling techniques across multiple local government areas.
The findings reveal a notably low prevalence of asymptomatic Salmonella infections (1.54%) among chickens, potentially attributable to effective hygiene practices, biosecurity measures, and biological control of vectors.
This research contributes valuable baseline data for the epidemiological understanding and management of Salmonella in poultry farms within the region.

Full Abstract
Infections with bacteria of the genus Salmonella are responsible for a variety of acute and chronic diseases in poultry. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Salmonella species in chickens from some selected poultry farms in Kano, Nigeria. Random sampling method was used in the study. One (1) farm was chosen from each of the eight (8) selected Local Government areas of the State. Thirteen (13)  samples each from cloacae, egg, dust, drag and boots which is (65) from each farm) were collected from apparently healthy chickens (layers), transported immediately to the laboratory for analyses. The colonies were subsequently subjected to Gram-staining and microscopy. Eight Salmonella isolates were determined, three (3) were isolated from boot swabs, two (2) from cloacal swabs and one (1) each from egg, dust and drag swabs. All the isolates were confirmed by serological test; using Salmonella “O” antigen; group A-S (Oxoid). Asymptomatic Salmonella infection among chickens in the sampled farms is low with (1.54%). The low occurrence could be attributed to proper hygienic practices, biosecurity measure as well as application of biological control of rodents and other vehicles of Salmonella.
Effect of Silica and Alumina Nanoparticles Addition on the Dielectric and Rheological Properties of Shea Oil Methyl Ester
Authors: Aliyu Abdulraheem , Umar Sadiq , Abdelmalik Amoka Abdulghaffar , Abdulsalam Habibat , Maidawa Saidu Shuaibu , Suleiman Shaibu Asuku
Published: June 2024

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty

This study introduces a novel green nanofluid by incorporating shea methyl ester (SME) with surface-modified Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles, addressing the environmental concerns associated with mineral-based transformer oils.
The research highlights that SiO2 nanoparticles significantly enhance the dielectric properties of the base oil while minimally impacting its viscosity, suggesting improved insulation performance.
This innovative approach offers a sustainable alternative with superior electrical characteristics, potentially transforming the application of transformer oils in the industry.

Full Abstract
The increasing environmental and utility concerns of mineral-based transformer oils have impelled research into alternative insulation liquids.  This study developed a green nanofluid using a two-step approach, incorporating shea methyl ester (SME) derived from shea butter oil and surface-modified Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles.  The dynamic viscosity at 25 °C and dielectric properties of the developed nanofluid were investigated in the frequency range of 0.1–15 kHz.  Adding nanoparticles into the SME noticeably increased the oil's viscosity, with SiO2 nanoparticles having the least effect on the base liquid's viscosity.  The addition of 0.6 wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles increased the dielectric loss of the SME at all frequencies (0.1–15 kHz), while the addition of 0.6 wt% SiO2 filler nanoparticles reduced the loss of the base oil at frequencies beyond 4 kHz indicative of an improved electrical property.  Adding Al2O3 and SiO2 to the base SME oil obtained higher relative permittivity values.  This study successfully developed an SME and single nanoparticle-based nanofluid, incorporating a 0.6 wt% weight fraction of surface-modified Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles.  The addition of these nanoparticles increased the dynamic viscosity of the base methyl ester oil, with approximately 43% and 36% increases, respectively.  The nanofluid developed by incorporating SiO2 nanoparticles showed promising dielectric performance for its application as an insulation liquid.
Examining the Impact of Pakistan-China Energy Collaborations on Poverty Reduction in Pakistan
Authors: Ehsan Maira , Anwar Tayba , Shahzad M. Asad
Published: June 2024

The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a pivotal bilateral initiative aimed at alleviating poverty in Pakistan by enhancing its energy infrastructure. This project focuses on developing crucial energy resources through the construction of power plants and the expansion of transmission networks, ensuring stable, affordable, and sustainable energy supply nationwide. This paper investigates CPEC's role in diversifying Pakistan's energy mix, integrating both conventional and renewable sources such as hydroelectric, coal, solar, wind, and nuclear power. This diversification aims to decrease Pakistan’s dependence on costly energy imports from the Gulf States, thereby improving energy security and promoting economic independence, essential for regional poverty alleviation. Utilizing qualitative research methodologies, this study examines the extensive social and economic impacts of these energy developments. By synthesizing various secondary data sources and applying thematic analysis, the research evaluates how enhanced energy security through CPEC can drive socio-economic progress and reduce poverty in Pakistan. The study offers valuable insights into energy geopolitics and economic development strategies, underscoring the significance of international energy partnerships like CPEC in transforming energy infrastructures and fostering economic growth in developing nations. Through detailed analysis, the paper highlights CPEC as a critical economic lifeline, essential for boosting Pakistan's energy self-sufficiency and accelerating economic growth. Consequently, CPEC emerges as a vital element in the broader strategy for poverty mitigation in Pakistan, emphasizing its importance in sustainable development and international economic cooperation.
Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam Masa Awal Di Maluku
Authors: Herman Herman , Rama Bahaking , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perkembangan pendidikan Islam pada masa awal di Maluku dengan fokus pada peran dan kontribusi pendidikan Islam dalam membentuk masyarakat dan budaya di wilayah tersebut. Melalui pendekatan sejarah, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali aspek-aspek penting dari pendidikan Islam yang memengaruhi dinamika sosial, budaya, dan keagamaan di Maluku.. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melibatkan studi pustaka. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara mendalam untuk memahami perjalanan pendidikan Islam di Maluku, termasuk proses penyebaran ajaran agama Islam, pembentukan lembaga pendidikan Islam, serta dampaknya terhadap masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Islam pada masa awal di Maluku memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menyebarkan ajaran agama Islam, memperkuat identitas keagamaan masyarakat, serta mempengaruhi perkembangan sosial dan budaya di wilayah tersebut. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga tentang sejarah pendidikan Islam di Maluku dan relevansinya dalam konteks sejarah pendidikan di Indonesia.
INTERNET USERS’ PERCEPTION OF THE PREVALENCE OF ONLINE INVESTMENT FRAUD AND VICTIMISATION IN NIGERIA
Authors: Balogun Obasanjo S. , Akangbe Tomisin A. , Fagbamila Olumide D. , Aigbovbioisa Felix O.
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the prevalence of online investment fraud and victimisation among internet users in Nigeria, focusing on sociodemographic characteristics, investment behaviours, victimisation. experiences, and perceptions of fraud risk factors. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, utilizing Google Forms for data collection and convenience sampling to recruit 164 participants from Ilorin, Kwara State. The study adopted the Routine Activities Theory (RAT) as theoretical framework. Findings reveal that a majority of respondents are young individuals with tertiary education, indicating their susceptibility to online investment fraud due to limited financial experience and a desire for quick financial gains. Notably, over half of the participants actively engage in online investments. In addition, family and friends' recommendations and the pursuit of financial freedom influencing investment decisions significantly. However, a substantial proportion of investors report falling victim to online investment fraud, predominantly through Ponzi/pyramid schemes, crypto currency scams, and forex trading scams. Financial losses vary among victims, with factors such as lack of regulation, poverty, unemployment, and insufficient training on fraud prevention contributing to vulnerability. Statistical analysis indicates a significant relationship between investment experience and the perception of high returns as a risk factor for fraud victimisation. These findings underscore the urgent need for regulatory measures, public awareness campaigns, and educational initiatives to mitigate the risks associated with online investment fraud in Nigeria.
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS INFLUENCING DIFFERENTIALS IN INFANT MORTALITY IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Samuel Mamman Matthew , Philip Attah Amana , Ovenada Danladi Hadiza
Published: June 2024

Infant mortality is one of the most expressive indicators of development in all countries of the world. In Nigeria, the current rate of infant mortality indicates that the country is far from ending the problem of infant mortality. It has not only reflected on the health of an infant, but also, the societal wellbeing as a whole. Hitherto, available studies on infant mortality have not clearly indicated its level as to whether it is increasing or decreasing in Nasarawa State, let alone its differentials. The paper examines the demographic factors influencing differentials in infant mortality in Nasarawa State-Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was adopted to select respondents. Initially, for the study which involved six (6) namely Local Government Areas, electoral wards, main street, houses, household and individual/respondent. The methods of data collection utilized for the study was questionnaire. The questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using tables, frequency, percentage, cross tabulation and Chi-square to establish and statistically test the level of significance in the relationship between two variables. Findings of the study established the differentials in infant mortality in urban and rural communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, but overall, it is still high. There were marked differentials found in the prevalence of infant mortality among socio-economic and demographic factors, such as maternal education, maternal occupation, sex of infant birth interval and gender. On the basis of these findings, the study recommends a renewed policy on maternal health education in Nasarawa State including free counselling on birth spacing, family planning, immunization, ante-natal and post-natal care for all women.
FOOD SECURITY CHALLENGES: AN IMPEDIMENT TO ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs 2) IN NIGERIA
Authors: ONOJA Anthony , ODUMU Abraham Sunday , MOSES-OJO Olufunke A.
Published: June 2024

SDGs-2 is about the shared responsibility to ensure that every one has access to nutrition and affordable food. The heightened interest in food security is the result of a recognition that a number of important factors constitute a setback to the success of SDGs-2 in Nigeria. The main objective of the study is to identify the challenges to achieving Sustainable Development Goals on food security in Nigeria. The theoretical framework of the paper is Political Economy Theory by Karl Marx (1883-1883). Methodologically, the paper used secondary data, the study primarily drew evaluation and statistical information from Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, National Bureau of Statistics, Nigerian Living Standard Survey, and SDGs Base line Reports. While the results have shown that the Nigerian government has embraced the idea of rolling out plans and programs to address the gaps in food security at one time or the other, little has been achieved in curbing insecurity in food. The findings from the study show that Nigeria has about 85 million hectares of land where almost everything can grow, currently produced 110,798 metric tons of seeds in 2022, which is a summation of some major seeds that are established in the formal seeds sector, has the manpower favorable for the advancement of Agriculture and to boost livestock as well as food security.  The paper concludes that it is important government removes barriers that increases vulnerability to poverty and hunger by providing an integrated security strategy to address issues of security threats in the agricultural sector. The paper recommends that government should partner with key private agencies to increase investments in the agricultural sector by empowering small and medium scale farmers in particular with access to credits and modern tools.
INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: PERCEPTIONS OF SELECTED LAGOS STATE RESIDENTS ON NIGERIA NEWSPAPERS’ COVERAGE OF CRIME ON THE GRATIFICATION OF THEIR SAFETY INFORMATION NEED
Authors: Rufai Mustapha Olalekan , Salawu Abiodun
Published: June 2024

Insecurity of lives and property in Nigeria has continued unabated through crime perpetration of all kinds. All forms of violent crimes, including property crimes are reported in the newspapers virtually on daily basis. Concerned by what the feelings of the audience could be on the resonating outcome of Nigerian newspapers’ crime reportage, the attendant palpable fear, anxiety, a sense of insecurity and whether or not the newspapers’ crime stories gratified their safety information need, this study adopted a non-probability sampling technique and through an in-depth interviews probed into the perspectives of  purposively selected Lagos State residents on Nigerian newspapers’ coverage of crime and the gratification of their safety information need. Adopting purposive sampling technique, a total of twelve literate respondents, across the three Senatorial Districts (Lagos Central, Lagos East and Lagos West) who had lived and worked in Lagos State for at least five years preceding the study were interviewed. Findings revealed a sense of insecurity and palpable fear among the respondents; Lagos State is prone to crime; murder, robbery, kidnapping, while payment of ransom to secure the release of kidnapped victims were rife. The study revealed that the newspapers feasted on crime stories, but embraced episodic crime reportage. The newspaper crime stories were found educative and gratified the safety information need of the reader even as the police, judiciary and the political class were found culpable in crime festering in Nigeria. The paper recommends that newspapers should engage more in investigative reporting of crime by reporting it like an epidemic while the country’s security personnel require constant intelligence report in addition to being proactive, and professional. The Judiciary should ensure the dispensation of justice in all crime cases.
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF POLITICAL THUGGERY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF OFU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Minkaila Ejiga Isah , Akor Linus
Published: June 2024

Thuggery is a destructive force that erodes the fabric of society and breeds fear and distrust. It fosters a disregard for the rule of law and the principles of justice even as it erodes the values of empathy, compassion and respect for others, leading to a breakdown of social order. Societies afflicted by thuggery suffer from increased crime rates, reduced quality of life and a general sense of unrest and anarchy. Thuggery, especially its political variant, is a form of social violence which poses immense challenge to the security of lives and property of Nigerians and undermines the socio-economic and political development of the nation. This study interrogated the causes and effects of political thuggery on the socio-economic and political development of Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from 384 respondents who were selected using the purposive and systematic random sampling techniques. Questionnaire, In-depth Interview (IDI) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to elicit data from respondents while the resultant quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22.0.  The Frustration Aggression Theory was adopted to provide theoretical pathway for the study. Findings from the study attributed political thuggery in Ofu Local Government Area Kogi State Nigeria, to a plethora of factors, among which are: unemployment, frustration, and bad governance. The study recommends the initiation of aggressive skill acquisition and job creation programmes by the Kogi State Government to effectively engage the army of unemployed youth in the study area to divert them from political thuggery while law enforcement should be strengthened to  prosecute state and non-state actors found to be the sponsors of thugs whom they deploy to snatch ballot papers and engage in mayhem before, during and after elections in the study area, to serve as deterrent to others.
EFFECTS OF MILITIA ACTIVITIES ON YAM PRODUCTION AMONG RURAL FARMERS IN UKUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ANCHOVUR Timothy Tyowase , OCHI Sunday Ochin , UTEGI Sedoo Irene , ORTYOM Julian Onyemowo
Published: June 2024

Overtime, the existence of militia groups and their activities has caused great concern in Nigeria and Benue State in particular. Their activities have constituted threat to human security as well as food production. This study examined the factors that birthed armed militia groups and how the activities of these groups have affected the production of yam, a major staple food in Ukum Local Government Area of Benue State. The study hypothesized that there is no relationship between militia activities and yam production among rural farmers in Ukum Local Government Area. The General Strain Theory was adopted as the study’s theoretical perspective. The study utilized Cross-sectional design whereby the study population of 384 (using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination formula) was drawn from 216,986 residents of Ukum Local Government Area. However, the study sampled 100 farmers through purposive and snowball sampling technique due to the volatile nature of the area. Findings of the study reveals that high rate of poverty, fear of domination/injustice, failure of law enforcement agencies to tame the activities of militia groups, and resurgence of political thugs that have been abandoned by their political godfathers, accounted for the formation and proliferation of militia groups in the study area. Results of correlation statistics show a positive correlation between the existence of militia activities and production of yam. Thus, ethnic militia activities negatively affect the production yam in the study locale. The study recommends, among other things, that concerted efforts should be made by the State government to fully develop the productive forces; provide avenues where youths will be engaged to alleviate poverty in Ukum and indeed Benue State, security personnel should be proactive in responding to identified threats, arrest and prosecute offenders to deter others, politicians should stop empowering youths with arms and the youths should be actively engaged in political matters as this will remove the tendencies of domination and marginalization between them and the political elites.
LEVERAGING INTERNET OF THINGS IN 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: GAINS, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTION
Authors: Onayinka Toyin Segun , Ugwu Ndubuisi Friday , Onyekwere Ogechi Kate , Opele Jacob Kehinde , Nweze Godwin Nonye , Okorie Nnaemeka Chijioke , Anyanwu Oluwakemi M. , Ignatius Chinenye
Published: June 2024

This paper examined the need to integrate Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into Nigeria's education system to help close digital divides between Nigeria and her advanced counterpart countries. The benefits, opportunities and challenges for integration of IoT were explored through the lenses of constructionism, connectivism and activity models. Possible technical, pedagogical, financial and social barriers that would face large-scale IoT adoption in schools were examined. To overcome these obstacles, the paper also examined the blended strategies including specialized learning hubs, cloud-sourcing models, mentorship networks, and crowd-computing. Collectively, these approaches could empower leveraging IoT for transformative, project-based connected learning through participatory knowledge-building. Potential navigational tactics were reviewed like contextualized training, activity groups for continual connections, and public-private partnerships to share infrastructure costs. The paper concluded that by guiding implementation with established theoretical models while pursuing innovative technical, economic and social strategies tailored to the local context, noting that Nigeria can successfully overcome barriers to leveraging Internet of Things for advancing 21st century teaching and learning outcomes. However, the paper also acknowledged the need for further research. Areas suggested for future exploration included longitudinal case studies evaluating impact of different infrastructure deployment and financing options. Large-scale surveys were proposed to understand evolving teacher perception and ongoing support needs. Finally, comparative analyses with other developing economies’ IoT integration pathways and best practices could provide valuable insights for optimizing Nigeria’s approach.
Effects of Chronic Pain Following Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Salari Sajjad , Maleki Maryam , Bagheri Maryam
Published: June 2024

Background: Chronic pain can adversely affect cognitive functions such as learning, memory, and attention. However, the precise mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in chronic pain remain elusive. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of chronic pain induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) on hippocampal neurons. Methods: In the current case-control study, 27 male Wistar rats (230 - 280 g) were randomly assigned to three groups: 1-sham, 2-UUO, and 3-UUO treated with naloxone (i.p.; 1 mg/kg for 5 days). Following transcardial perfusion, the rats' brains were removed, and histological studies were performed to count the number of neurons using an optical microscope. Concurrently, TNF-α and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were measured in brain tissue homogenate. Results: The mean number of neurons in the CA1 region of the animals in the UUO group was 68.11 ± 1.34, which showed a significant decrease compared to the mean number of neurons in the sham-operated group (114.1 ± 1.77; P < 0.0001). In contrast, the mean number of neurons in the CA1 region of the UUO with naloxone group showed a significant increase compared to the animals in the UUO group (73.44 ± 1.37; P < 0.0001). TNF-α was 264.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in the UUO animals and decreased significantly in the UUO animals treated with naloxone (P = 0.001). However, NGF was 115.2 ± 2.9 pg/mL in UUO animals and increased significantly in the UUO with naloxone group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Unilateral ureteral obstruction, through inducing chronic pain and inflammation, resulted in neurodegeneration in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The use of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, immediately after the surgery was able to provide neuronal protection and an anti-inflammatory effect.
Interfering Effect of Alcohol Swabbing on Capillary Blood Glucose Concentration Using a Glucometer: A Brief Report
Authors: Abdollahi Mostafa , Ayar Ayoub , Kouhpeikar Hamideh , Tavakol Najmeh , Hosseini Seyede Fatemeh
Published: June 2024

Background: In this study, we investigated the interfering effect of alcohol swabs on blood glucose measurements. Objectives: We conducted a randomized quasi-experimental quantitative study with 160 diabetic patients. Methods: Blood glucose was measured with a glucometer in three ways: Immediately after cleaning with an alcohol swab, 30 seconds after the alcohol dried, and venous blood glucose. Results: The results of the ANOVA test showed no statistically significant difference between glucose measured by the glucometer immediately after disinfection, blood glucose 30 seconds after disinfection, and venous glucose in the age range of 1 - 20 years (P = 0.376), in the age range of 11 - 20 years (P = 0.248), and in the age range of 21 - 30 years (P = 0.436); the measurements were almost the same. Conclusions: It can be concluded that alcohol-containing swabs used for hand disinfection do not have a significant effect on the measured blood glucose. However, it is advisable to wait 30 seconds for the alcohol to dry, especially when thin lancets are used.
Evaluasi Penjadwalan Produksi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Campbell Dudeks And Smith (CDS) Untuk Mengoptimalkan Waktu Makespan Time Pada UD. Adi Utama
Authors: Fole Asrul , Abdul Mail  , Nur Ihwan Safutra  , Abdul Rahman Nasrun
Published: June 2024

Industri manufaktur sangat penting memperhatikan penjadwalan secara efektif untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk yang dihasilkan. Industri manufaktur memiliki tuntutan untuk menciptakan produk yang kompetitif di pasar. Perusahaan UD. Adi Utama memiliki peran penting dalam proses manufaktur berbasis somel. Salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi adalah kurangnya optimalitas dalam penjadwalan pekerjaan pada mesin khusus modern sehingga mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan antara permintaan dan kapasitas perusahaan. Dampak dari masalah ini adalah keterlambatan dalam pengiriman produk kepada konsumen dan dapat merusak reputasi perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimalkan total waktu produksi dan merancang penjadwalan produksi menggunakan metode Campbell Dudek And Smith (CDS). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup permintaan produk, permintaan jam kerja, jumlah hari kerja, jumlah mesin, dan waktu operasi mesin selama periode 30 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode CDS dimulai dengan melakukan perhitungan iterasi pekerjaan untuk mendapatkan urutan pekerjaan dengan waktu terpendek. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa urutan pekerjaan yang paling efisien adalah iterasi keempat: job 3 - job 2 - job 4 - job 5 - job 1, dengan total waktu produksi selama 30 hari untuk menyelesaikan seluruh pesanan (job).
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM KAJIAN GENDER ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK TENTANG KESETARAAN DAN DISKRIMINASI
Authors: Holid Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Metode penelitian ini menyajikan analisis bibliometrik yang komprehensif tentang lanskap penelitian hak asasi manusia dalam studi gender, yang secara khusus berfokus pada topik kesetaraan dan diskriminasi. Dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan, analisis, dan visualisasi data, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tema-tema penelitian utama, tren, penulis dan publikasi yang berpengaruh, serta kesenjangan pengetahuan di dalam bidang tersebut. Analisis ini menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer untuk visualisasi jaringan, yang memungkinkan pemetaan kelompok tematik dan interkoneksi. Temuan-temuan ini menawarkan wawasan yang berharga untuk menginformasikan keputusan kebijakan, memandu arah penelitian di masa depan, dan mendorong kolaborasi interdisipliner dalam mengejar kesetaraan gender dan pemajuan hak asasi manusia.
EKSISTENSI WANITA KARIR DALAM MENDUKUNG KEHARMONISAN RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Nurlaili  , Soviah Amrotus
Published: June 2024

This research focuses on examining the existence of career women in supporting family harmony. This research uses qualitative descriptive research. The research location is Gunosari Village, Tlogosari District, Bondowoso Regency. The basis for a career woman is education and personal desires. Meanwhile, the position of career women in households in Gunosari village is an emancipatory movement to support families in forming a harmonious household. The pattern for building a harmonious family is to apply time management, conflict management, emotional management and one-way mindset management while simultaneously giving in to each other, understanding and respecting each other.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TENTANG TRADISI PAMOGIH DALAM PERNIKAHAN
Authors: Soviah Amrotus , Hanik Umi
Published: June 2024

The goal of marriage is to form a happy household and family in the context of sakinah mawaddah and warahmah families, which has implications for the benefit of the people. Each region has different wedding parties with their own characteristics in organizing them. The tradition of the Gunosari village community adds another way of arranging wedding ceremonies, namely, pamoghi. Traditions basically have a similar outline to offerings, begibeh (household furniture) and so on. Apart from the uniqueness of the term, this study also covers the process and its legal consequences. This research uses qualitative descriptive statistics and fieldwork. The results of this research show that the Pamogih tradition is a person's obligation to give items in a form such as necklaces, rings, dresses, and other household items agreed upon by both of them for celebrations, and these gifts are considered to have added value to society. This tradition is usually carried out before marriage ceremonies. Usually, goods are transferred after weddings. The legal consequences of violating or not following the Pamogih tradition include unfavorable opinions, slander, and community rejection.
USAHA TANI TEMBAKAU UNTUK PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA ISLAMI PETANI TEMBAKAU DI DESA RANDUMERAK KECAMATAN PAITON KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Aminah Faiqotul , Ridho Zainur
Published: June 2024

Agriculture is crucial to Indonesia's economy, serving as a cornerstone for food security and sovereignty. Despite this, agricultural livelihoods have not significantly improved living standards in Indonesia's fertile lands. As one of the six major commodities, tobacco holds a strategic position in Indonesia's industry and exports, particularly to European countries. This research focuses on Probolinggo, a East Java regency known for producing high-quality tobacco. Despite the higher prices of tobacco in this region, the economic conditions of tobacco farmers are not always prosperous. Tobacco farming in Probolinggo has faced losses in recent years. The village of Randumerak, with a majority of its population engaged in tobacco farming, is the research subject to explore the household welfare levels of tobacco farmers. Various issues, such as the religious prohibition on smoking, the Tobacco Bill, and product price fluctuations prompt the study. Tobacco farmers in Randumerak face uncertainty and anxiety, especially during the tobacco planting season. This research aims to measure the household welfare levels of tobacco farmers, focusing on income and social conditions. By understanding these conditions, it is hoped that solutions or strategies can be identified to enhance the welfare of tobacco farmers amidst economic dynamics and regulatory changes related to tobacco.
MEMBANGUN KESADARAN PENGURUSAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL PELAKU UMKM SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN DAYA BELI MASYARAKAT PRESPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Hendra Rofiullah Ahmad , Ash Shiddiqi Hasbi , Safithri Awaliya
Published: June 2024

Syariat Islam membawa misi kemaslahatan bagi segenap ummat manusia. Adanya Labeling Halal pada suatu produk makanan dan minuman yang digagas oleh pemerintah dalam hal ini Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dan Kementerian Agama lewat BPJPH (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal) telah memberikan kepastian hukum terkait kehalalan produk makanan bagi pembeli atau konsumen. Kementerian Agama melalui  Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH) sesuai amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal, mendapat mandat untuk menerbitkan produk sertifikat halal. Sebagai negara mayoritas penduduk muslim, jaminan halal terhadap suatu produk barang dan jasa menjadi hal penting di Indonesia. Untuk memenuhi jaminan halal tersebut, terdapat proses pemeriksaan sesuai dengan standar halal yang ditandai dengan penerbitan label sertifikasi halal.Penerbitan label halal tersebut saat ini diamanahkan kepada Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH) di bawah Kementerian Agama (Kemenag) sesuai dengan UU No.33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal (JPH) yang sebelumnya dilakukan oleh Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Dengan adanya aturan UU 33/2014 dan aturan turunannya maka konsekuensinya semua produk yang beredar di Indonesia wajib memiliki sertifikasi halal. Kewajiban sertifikasi halal tersebut harus dipatuhi pelaku usaha secara bertahap hingga 2024 untuk produk makanan dan 2029 untuk barang gunaan. Kesimpulan dari tulisan adalah bahwa pendampingan sertifikasi halal bagi pekalu usaha UMKM terutama sektor makanan dan minuman sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi syariah bahwa barang yang diperjual belikan tidak mengandung unsur yang haram baik secara Zatnya (Haram Lidzatihi), atau karena faktor lain misal barang didapat dengan cara yang haram( Haram li Ghoirihi). Disinilah pentingnya pendampingan bagi para pelaku usaha UMKM yang akan berdampak terhadap meningkatnya daya beli masyarakat.
PENGARUH KATALIS BAROKAH BANK JATIM SYARIAH DAN TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) TERHADAP LITERASI KEUANGAN SANTRI ABU ZAIRI BONDOWOSO
Authors: HASANAH ULFANIANATUL
Published: June 2024

Kemajuan teknologi industri saat ini sudah menggerakkan manusia ke paradigma digital. Industri perbankan yang mendominasi sektor keuangan sedang bertransisi ke model transaksi baru berbasis IT yang dikenal dengan fintech (financial technology) seperti layanan fintech Bank Jatim Syariah berupa aplikasi Katalis Barokah yang diluncurkan di Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Abu Zairi Bondowoso.
Fokus masalah penelitian ini adalah: 1) Bagaimana pengaruh Katalis Barokah terhadap literasi keuangan?. 2) Bagaimana pengaruh persepsi kemudahan terhadap literasi keuangan?. 3) Bagaimana pengaruh persepsi kemanfaatan terhadap literasi keuangan?.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Katalis Barokah terhadap literasi keuangan. 2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemudahan terhadap literasi keuangan. 3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemanfaatan terhadap literasi keuangan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan sumber data primer dan menggunakan metode survey, penelitian purposive sampling. Peneliti mengumpulkan informasi dengan menggunakan, kuesioner, dan lain-lain dengan jumlah 125 responden. Analisis Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Uji Normalitas, Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda, Pengujian Hipotesis, Uji t, Uji F dan Koefisien Determinasi (R2). Proses pengelolaan data menggunakan SPSS.
Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa 1) Katalis barokah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap literasi keuangan. Nilai hasil Uji t menunjukkan (H1) variabel katalis barokah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap lierasi keuangan. Maka Ha diterima karena t hitung (1,370) > t tabel (0.176), dan nilai signifikasi lebih kecil sebesar 0.000 < 0,05 dan Ho ditolak; 2) Persepsi kemanfaatan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap literasi keuangan. Nilai hasil Uji t menunjukkan (H2) variabel persepsi kemanfaatan ditolak karna tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap literasi keuangan karena nilai signifikasi 0.904 > 0,05, kriteria pengujian bisa diterima jika t hitung > t tabel (0.176), maka Ho tidak dapat ditolak karena sig. > 0,05 atau Ha ditolak; 3) Persepsi kemudahan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap literasi keuangan. Nilai hasil Uji t yang menunjukkan bahwa (H3) variabel persepsi kemudahan ditolak karna tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap literasi keuangan karena nilai signifikasi 0.801 > 0,05, kriteria pengujian bisa diterima jika t hitung > t tabel (0.176), maka Ho tidak dapat ditolak karena sig. > 0,05 atau Ha ditolak.
ANALISIS UKURAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN UMKM BERBASIS SYARIAH DI KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO PERIODE 2019 - 2023
Authors: Raharto Eko , Supriyanto  , Dienillah Izzah
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa peranan sektor usaha kecil menengah tidak berbadan hukum dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja di daerah Bondowoso. Penelitian ini juga menganalisa faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor usaha kecil menengah tidak berbadan hukum. Objek penelitian adalah propinsi-propinsi yang ada di daerah Bondowoso dengan periode tahun 2019-2023.
Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sektor usaha kecil menengah tidak berbadan hukum mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Sedangkan faktor lain yaitu produk domestik regional bruto per kapita dan upah minimum regional, masing-masing mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan positif yang signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor usaha kecil menengah tidak berbadan hukum di daerah Bondowoso dengan periode tahun 2019-2023.
The Challenges of Globalization for Religious Education in Finland
Authors: Broo Måns
Published: June 2024

The present article looks at some of the challenges that globalisation and multiculturalism can bring about by focusing on the case of religious education in Finnish schools. Despite having taken a turn for the worse in recent years, the Finnish educational system still enjoys a good reputation internationally, making it an interesting case of study. Based on previous research, the article provides a short introduction to the history of religious education in Finland, describes its present setup and outlines and evaluates the recent critique against it. Drawing on critical research and arguing for a closer look at the power relations involved, the article further shows the reasons for why representatives of minority religions wish to retain the present Finnish system of religious education.
Ethics and Globalization: The Tribal Threat
Authors: Groves J. Randall
Published: June 2024

Recent work in ethics has drawn attention to how the evolution of morality has given us moral intuitions that are not universalist but tribal. Joshua Greene has argued that morality arose from the competition between tribes, and that the accordingly evolved moral emotions prevent or at least make truly universal ethics difficult even in modern people. Others, like Buchanan, have argued that we that we can transcend that moment in our moral evolution that gave us narrowly tribal sensibilities. One of the drivers toward wider recognition of the moral status of others has been globalization. This paper will explore the connections between economic and cultural globalization and ethical progress. I argue that despite current trends against globalization, maintaining globalization is required if we are to continue making moral progress.
Emeric Pressburger: A Screenwriter who Teaches A Global Perspective
Authors: Herold John
Published: June 2024

The paper argues screenwriter Emeric Pressbuger advances a global perspective on the human condition. His controversially sympathetic treatment of German officers from a country from which he was exiled shows a humanistic belief in values shared across nations and peoples. As the shepherds on the estate his father managed could not make out the unfamiliar images on a silent screen, audiences must learn how to read films such as The Spy in Black (1939) in which “war kills every decent feeling” and The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp (1943) where the public school values of fair play practiced by General Wynne-Candy no longer hold sway in the brutalities of modern warfare. Both films come to very ambiguous conclusions that test the audience’s capacity for uncertainty.
A Move towards Improving Good Governance in Kenya- Roles of Citizens in Promoting Good Governance
Authors: Otieno Victor Ochieng
Published: June 2024

Aim: Governance is at the very apex of human society, wherein, the success of every facet of human life is anchored highly on improved government that is answerable to the needs and interests of the citizens. Good governance, therefore, impacts immensely on human life, as it creates conducive political, social, and economic environments for human survival and development. Every citizen is thereafter able to feel part and parcel of decision-making and all the activities and programs of the government. This paper, sought to articulate the role and obligations of citizens towards improving good governance in Kenya.
Methods: The research is grounded upon a theoretical perspective using the literature drawn from various scholars from the year 2014 to 2024. The paper relied on secondary sources such as books, journals, reports and government records through government anti-corruption agencies.
Results: Views from stakeholders such as government anti-corruption agencies, private sector, civil service organization, among others are considered. However, the people of Kenya in their diversity have been left aside in almost all the reviewed literatures, something which the paper believe is the reason for the word “mitigate corruption” instead of end corruption. The paper thereby, after perusing these literacy records from 2014 to 2024, is convinced that the people have cardinal role to play to end corruption.
Conclusion: The study conclude that people’s involvement is required for any genuine move toward realizing the envisaged good governance in Kenya.
Recommendations: A framework that allows the people to be at the center of decision-making in government’s activities should be sought. People must refuse manipulation and ethnic party politics, enforce the implementation of Kenyan 2010 constitution, and report any corrupt practices regardless of who is the victim. More studies should be conducted especially on the roles of citizens in ending not mitigating corruption.
A STUDY ON MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHIES OF BHISHMA
Authors: Rajashekhara R Mr. , Chaithra N Mrs. , Amruta N Dr.
Published: June 2024

This article focuses on some of Bhishma's management ideas and his philosophy. The ideas of Bhishma are captivating in today's society. The pinnacle of all ideas is him. He had his own standards. He encircled his own ideas with a thought of sacrifice. Bhishma has a significant role in Mahabharatha. He is a king-maker rather than a monarch. Bhishma's entire existence is an expression of his ethical principles and unwavering commitment to the king. Here, we try showcasing Bhishma's managerial qualities. Long lived Bhishma. He has vast experience. Thoughts are like Himalayan Mountain. We try to touches the feet of his experience. After the Mahabharatha War is over, he imparts certain managerial principles to “Yudihistira” as a foundational lesson for the rest of his life.