bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geomechanical log responses and identification of fractures in tight sandstone, West Sichuan Xinchang Gas Field
Authors: Xu Jingling , Wang Ruotao , Zan Ling , Wang Xiaoguang , Huo Jiaqing
Published: September 2022

Natural fractures provide important reservoir space and migration channels for oil and gas in tight reservoirs. Moreover, they are key factors controlling the high yield of tight oil and gas. Accordingly, methods to identify and characterize fractures are essential; however, conventional well-logging data are not ideal for such purposes. To this end, our study proposed an efficient method for identifying and characterizing fractures. First, core observations, core sample test analysis, numerical simulations, core calibration of borehole image logs, and borehole image log calibration of conventional logs were performed to identify sensitive log curves and log response characteristics of fractures. Second, we analyzed the response characteristics and differences in the log and properties of tight sandstone with and without fractures. Third, logging eigenvalue (EvF) and rock physical eigenvalue (MvF) models were constructed to determine different causes of fractures in tight sandstone. Finally, the two models were applied to identify and characterize fractures in the tight sandstone reservoirs in the West Sichuan Xinchang gas field, China. It was found that the effect of using the logging eigenvalue and rock physical eigenvalue models to identify fractures was similar to that observed using an image log. Overall, different fractures were accurately identified and characterized, indicating that the proposed method efficiently identifies and characterizes fractures in tight sandstone, ultimately advancing the research of fine reservoir evaluation and fracture theory.
A systematic review of digital and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
Authors: Kambeitz-Ilankovic Lana , Rzayeva Uma , Völkel Laura , Wenzel Julian , Weiske Johanna , Jessen Frank , Reininghaus Ulrich , Uhlhaas Peter J. , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario , Kambeitz Joseph
Published: September 2022

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) represents one of the major treatment options for depressive disorders besides pharmacological interventions. While newly developed digital CBT approaches hold important advantages due to higher accessibility, their relative effectiveness compared to traditional CBT remains unclear. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify all studies that conducted a CBT-based intervention (face-to-face or digital) in patients with major depression. Random-effects meta-analytic models of the standardized mean change using raw score standardization (SMCR) were computed. In 106 studies including n = 11854 patients face-to-face CBT shows superior clinical effectiveness compared to digital CBT when investigating depressive symptoms (p < 0.001, face-to-face CBT: SMCR = 1.97, 95%-CI: 1.74–2.13, digital CBT: SMCR = 1.20, 95%-CI: 1.08–1.32) and adherence (p = 0.014, face-to-face CBT: 82.4%, digital CBT: 72.9%). However, after accounting for differences between face-to-face and digital CBT studies, both approaches indicate similar effectiveness. Important variables with significant moderation effects include duration of the intervention, baseline severity, adherence and the level of human guidance in digital CBT interventions. After accounting for potential confounders our analysis indicates comparable effectiveness of face-to-face and digital CBT approaches. These findings underline the importance of moderators of clinical effects and provide a basis for the future personalization of CBT treatment in depression.
Identifying major impact factors affecting the continuance intention of mHealth: a systematic review and multi-subgroup meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Tong , Wang Wei , Liang Jun , Nuo Mingfu , Wen Qinglian , Wei Wei , Han Hongbin , Lei Jianbo
Published: September 2022

The mobile health (mHealth) industry is an enormous global market; however, the dropout or continuance of mHealth is a major challenge that is affecting its positive outcomes. To date, the results of studies on the impact factors have been inconsistent. Consequently, research on the pooled effects of impact factors on the continuance intention of mHealth is limited. Therefore, this study aims to systematically analyze quantitative studies on the continuance intention of mHealth and explore the pooled effect of each direct and indirect impact factor. Until October 2021, eight literature databases were searched. Fifty-eight peer-reviewed studies on the impact factors and effects on continuance intention of mHealth were included. Out of the 19 direct impact factors of continuance intention, 15 are significant, with attitude (β = 0.450; 95% CI: 0.135, 0.683), satisfaction (β = 0.406; 95% CI: 0.292, 0.509), health empowerment (β = 0.359; 95% CI: 0.204, 0.497), perceived usefulness (β = 0.343; 95% CI: 0.280, 0.403), and perceived quality of health life (β = 0.315, 95% CI: 0.211, 0.412) having the largest pooled effect coefficients on continuance intention. There is high heterogeneity between the studies; thus, we conducted a subgroup analysis to explore the moderating effect of different characteristics on the impact effects. The geographic region, user type, mHealth type, user age, and publication year significantly moderate influential relationships, such as trust and continuance intention. Thus, mHealth developers should develop personalized continuous use promotion strategies based on user characteristics.
Hydroxychloroquine blocks SARS-CoV-2 entry into the endocytic pathway in mammalian cell culture
Authors: Yuan Zixuan , Pavel Mahmud Arif , Wang Hao , Kwachukwu Jerome C. , Mediouni Sonia , Jablonski Joseph Anthony , Nettles Kendall W. , Reddy Chakravarthy B. , Valente Susana T. , Hansen Scott B.
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug used to treat lupus and malaria, was proposed as a treatment for SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, albeit with controversy. In vitro, HCQ effectively inhibits viral entry, but its use in the clinic has been hampered by conflicting results. A better understanding of HCQ’s mechanism of actions in vitro is needed. Recently, anesthetics were shown to disrupt ordered clusters of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside1 (GM1) lipid. These same lipid clusters recruit the SARS-CoV-2 surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to endocytic lipids, away from phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) clusters. Here we employed super-resolution imaging of cultured mammalian cells (VeroE6, A549, H1793, and HEK293T) to show HCQ directly perturbs clustering of ACE2 receptor with both endocytic lipids and PIP2 clusters. In elevated (high) cholesterol, HCQ moves ACE2 nanoscopic distances away from endocytic lipids. In cells with resting (low) cholesterol, ACE2 primarily associates with PIP2 clusters, and HCQ moves ACE2 away from PIP2 clusters—erythromycin has a similar effect. We conclude HCQ inhibits viral entry through two distinct mechanisms in high and low tissue cholesterol and does so prior to inhibiting cathepsin-L. HCQ clinical trials and animal studies will need to account for tissue cholesterol levels when evaluating dosing and efficacy.
Magnetic resonance imaging analysis predicts nanoparticle concentration delivered to the brain parenchyma
Authors: Plaksin Michael , Bercovici Tiran , Sat Toltsis Gabriella Gabi , Grinfeld Javier , Shapira Boaz , Zur Yuval , de Picciotto Rafi , Zadicario Eyal , Siddeeq Mustaffa , Wohl Anton , Zibly Zion , Levy Yoav , Cohen Zvi R.
Published: September 2022

Ultrasound in combination with the introduction of microbubbles into the vasculature effectively opens the blood brain barrier (BBB) to allow the passage of therapeutic agents. Increased permeability of the BBB is typically demonstrated with small-molecule agents (e.g., 1-nm gadolinium salts). Permeability to small-molecule agents, however, cannot reliably predict the transfer of remarkably larger molecules (e.g., monoclonal antibodies) required by numerous therapies. To overcome this issue, we developed a magnetic resonance imaging analysis based on the ΔR2* physical parameter that can be measured intraoperatively for efficient real-time treatment management. We demonstrate successful correlations between ΔR2* values and parenchymal concentrations of 3 differently sized (18 nm–44 nm) populations of liposomes in a rat model. Reaching an appropriate ΔR2* value during treatment can reflect the effective delivery of large therapeutic agents. This prediction power enables the achievement of desirable parenchymal drug concentrations, which is paramount to obtaining effective therapeutic outcomes.
Maladaptive evolution or how a beneficial mutation may get lost due to nepotism
Authors: Aloni Irith , Ilany Amiyaal
Published: September 2022

Spotted hyenas are an exception in the animal kingdom not only due to female dominance over males, but also because of the strict female linear hierarchy which determines priority of access to resources and produces considerable female reproductive skew. This special social system raises a question: what would become of a beneficial mutation if it occurred in a low-ranking female? We used several simulation models in order to address this question. Our modeling results indicate that such a social system may inhibit the establishment of a beneficial mutation. However, this negative effect may be counteracted by random choice of mates by females.
U-to-C RNA editing by synthetic PPR-DYW proteins in bacteria and human culture cells
Authors: Ichinose Mizuho , Kawabata Masuyo , Akaiwa Yumi , Shimajiri Yasuka , Nakamura Izumi , Tamai Takayuki , Nakamura Takahiro , Yagi Yusuke , Gutmann Bernard
Published: September 2022

Programmable RNA editing offers significant therapeutic potential for a wide range of genetic diseases. Currently, several deaminase enzymes, including ADAR and APOBEC, can perform programmable adenosine-to-inosine or cytidine-to-uridine RNA correction. However, enzymes to perform guanosine-to-adenosine and uridine-to-cytidine (U-to-C) editing are still lacking to complete the set of transition reactions. It is believed that the DYW:KP proteins, specific to seedless plants, catalyze the U-to-C reactions in mitochondria and chloroplasts. In this study, we designed seven DYW:KP domains based on consensus sequences and fused them to a designer RNA-binding pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) domain. We show that three of these PPR-DYW:KP proteins edit targeted uridine to cytidine in bacteria and human cells. In addition, we show that these proteins have a 5′ but not apparent 3′ preference for neighboring nucleotides. Our results establish the DYW:KP aminase domain as a potential candidate for the development of a U-to-C editing tool in human cells.
Genome assembly and chemogenomic profiling of National Flower of Singapore Papilionanthe Miss Joaquim ‘Agnes’ reveals metabolic pathways regulating floral traits
Authors: Lim Abner Herbert , Low Zhen Jie , Shingate Prashant Narendra , Hong Jing Han , Chong Shu Chen , Ng Cedric Chuan Young , Liu Wei , Vaser Robert , Šikić Mile , Sung Wing-Kin Ken , Nagarajan Niranjan , Tan Patrick , Teh Bin Tean
Published: September 2022

Singapore’s National Flower,Papilionanthe(Ple.) Miss Joaquim ‘Agnes’ (PMJ) is highly prized as a horticultural flower from the Orchidaceae family. A combination of short-read sequencing, single-molecule long-read sequencing and chromatin contact mapping was used to assemble the PMJ genome, spanning 2.5 Gb and 19 pseudo-chromosomal scaffolds. Genomic resources and chemical profiling provided insights towards identifying, understanding and elucidating various classes of secondary metabolite compounds synthesized by the flower. For example, presence of the anthocyanin pigments detected by chemical profiling coincides with the expression ofANTHOCYANIN SYNTHASE (ANS), an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the former. Similarly, the presence of vandaterosides (a unique class of glycosylated organic acids with the potential to slow skin aging) discovered using chemical profiling revealed the involvement of glycosyltransferase family enzymes candidates in vandateroside biosynthesis. Interestingly, despite the unnoticeable scent of the flower, genes involved in the biosynthesis of volatile compounds and chemical profiling revealed the combination of oxygenated hydrocarbons, including traces of linalool, beta-ionone and vanillin, forming the scent profile of PMJ. In summary, by combining genomics and biochemistry, the findings expands the known biodiversity repertoire of the Orchidaceae family and insights into the genome and secondary metabolite processes of PMJ.
Tmsb10 triggers fetal Leydig differentiation by suppressing the RAS/ERK pathway
Authors: Inoue Miki , Baba Takashi , Takahashi Fumiya , Terao Miho , Yanai Shogo , Shima Yuichi , Saito Daisuke , Sugihara Kei , Miura Takashi , Takada Shuji , Suyama Mikita , Ohkawa Yasuyuki , Morohashi Ken-ichirou
Published: September 2022

Leydig cells in fetal testes play crucial roles in masculinizing fetuses through androgen production. Gene knockout studies have revealed that growth factors are implicated in fetal Leydig cell (FLC) differentiation, but little is known about the mechanisms regulating this process. We investigate this issue by characterizing FLC progenitor cells using single-cell RNA sequencing. The sequence datasets suggest thatthymosin β10(Tmsb10) is transiently upregulated in the progenitors. While studying the function ofTmsb10, we reveal that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) regulates ciliogenesis through the RAS/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, and thereby promotes desert hedgehog (DHH)-dependent FLC differentiation.Tmsb10expressed in the progenitor cells induces their differentiation into FLCs by suppressing the RAS/ERK pathway. Through characterizing the transiently expressedTmsb10in the FLC progenitors, this study unveils the molecular process of FLC differentiation and shows that it is cooperatively induced by DHH and PDGF.
All-optical control of pendular qubit states with nonresonant two-color laser pulses
Authors: Mun Je Hoi , Minemoto Shinichirou , Kim Dong Eon , Sakai Hirofumi
Published: September 2022

Practical methodologies for qubit controls are established by two prerequisites, i.e., preparation of a well-defined initial quantum state and coherent control of that quantum state. Here we propose a quantum control method, realized by irradiating nonresonant nanosecond two-color (ω and 2ω) laser pulses to molecules in the pendular (field-dressed) ground state. The two-color field nonadiabatically splits the initial pendular ground state $$|\tilde{0},\tilde{0}\rangle $$
∣

0

̃

,

0

̃

⟩
to a superposition state of $$|\tilde{0},\tilde{0}\rangle $$
∣

0

̃

,

0

̃

⟩
and $$|\tilde{1},\tilde{0}\rangle $$
∣

1

̃

,

0

̃

⟩
, whose relative probability amplitudes can be controlled by the peak intensity of one wavelength component (ω) while the peak intensity of the other component (2ω) is fixed. The splitting of the quantum paths is evidenced by observing degrees of orientation of ground-state-selected OCS molecules by the velocity map imaging technique. This quantum control method is highly advantageous because any polar molecule can be controlled regardless of the molecular energy structures.
Bloch oscillations and matter-wave localization of a dipolar quantum gas in a one-dimensional lattice
Authors: Natale Gabriele , Bland Thomas , Gschwendtner Simon , Lafforgue Louis , Grün Daniel S. , Patscheider Alexander , Mark Manfred J. , Ferlaino Francesca
Published: September 2022

Three-dimensional quantum gases of strongly dipolar atoms can undergo a crossover from a dilute gas to a dense macrodroplet, stabilized by quantum fluctuations. Adding a one-dimensional optical lattice creates a platform where quantum fluctuations are still unexplored, and a rich variety of phases may be observable. We employ Bloch oscillations as an interferometric tool to assess the role quantum fluctuations play in an array of quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates. Long-lived oscillations are observed when the chemical potential is balanced between sites, in a region where a macrodroplet is extended over several lattice sites. Further, we observe a transition to a state that is localized to a single lattice plane–driven purely by interactions–marked by the disappearance of the interference pattern in the momentum distribution. To describe our observations, we develop a discrete one-dimensional extended Gross-Pitaevskii theory, including quantum fluctuations and a variational approach for the on-site wavefunction. This model is in quantitative agreement with the experiment, revealing the existence of single and multisite macrodroplets, and signatures of a two-dimensional bright soliton.
A peptide-crosslinking approach identifies HSPA8 and PFKL as selective interactors of an actin-derived peptide containing reduced and oxidized methionine
Authors: Maurais Aaron , Weerapana Eranthie
Published: September 2022

A peptide crosslinking approach facilitates the identification of proteins that selectively interact with actin-derived peptides containing oxidized and reduced methionine residues.
Phthalate migration and its effects on poly(vinyl chloride)-based footwear: pathways, influence of environmental conditions, and the possibility of human exposure
Authors: Mandal Sujata , Suresh S. , Priya N. , Banothu Ravi , Mohan R. , Sreeram K. J.
Published: September 2022

This study is designed to assess the migration of phthalates in footwear from the PVC sole to the insole and emission through the surface causing potential exposure risk to the user and the environment.
Reduction of intestinal fat digestion and absorption by β-glucan secreted by Rhizobium pusense via interference in triglyceride hydrolysis
Authors: Zhang Bin , Zhang Zhenna , Song Dong , Lyu Xiaomei , Zhao Wei
Published: September 2022

In vitro simulated digestion, in vitro intestinal absorption, and in vivo experiments demonstrated that β-glucan extracted from Rhizobium pusense can reduce intestinal fat digestion and absorption via interference in triglyceride hydrolysis.
Multi-target cell therapy using a magnetoelectric microscale biorobot for targeted delivery and selective differentiation of SH-SY5Y cellsviamagnetically driven cell stamping
Authors: Song Hyunseok , Kim Dong-in , Abbasi Sarmad Ahmad , Latifi Gharamaleki Nader , Kim Eunhee , Jin Chaewon , Kim Samhwan , Hwang Junsun , Kim Jin-Young , Chen Xiang-Zhong , Nelson Bradley J. , Pané Salvador , Choi Hongsoo
Published: September 2022

A magnetoelectric biorobot enables precise cell transportation and delivery to multiple target areasviamagnetically assisted stamping and allows for wireless magnetoelectric electrostimulation and differentiation of cells after their deployment.
Linear ABC amphiphilic triblock copolymers for complexation and protection of dsRNA
Authors: Pugsley Charlotte E. , Isaac R. Elwyn , Warren Nicholas J. , Cayre Olivier J.
Published: September 2022

We herein report the synthesis and characterisation of linear ABC triblock copolymers, investigation of their self-assembly in aqueous solution, and complexation with and protection of double stranded-RNA (dsRNA).
Compositing MXenes with hierarchical ZIF-67/cobalt hydroxideviacontrollablein situetching for a high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Liu Chunli , Feng Wenhao , Bai Yang , Pang Huan
Published: September 2022

The accumulation and self-aggregation of nanosheets have been effectively inhibited. The interlamellar cobalt hydroxide nanostructures ensure efficient electron transfer. MXene as a conductive substrate improves electron transfer significantly.
A thiourea resin polymer as a multifunctional modifier of the buried interface for efficient perovskite solar cells with reduced lead leakage
Authors: Hou Wenjing , Hu Rujia , Zhu Sheng , kang Jin , Xiao Yaoming , Han Gaoyi
Published: September 2022

Thiourea resin can improve the connection performances and energy level matching of the buried SnO2/perovskite interface and suppress lead leakage through strong interactions.
Rapid construction of γ-lactam containing 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles via a silver-catalyzed cascade radical bicyclization reaction
Authors: Xie Lin , Cao Ruizhe , Huang Yingxue , Zhang Qian , Fang Zeguo , Li Dong
Published: September 2022

An efficient cascade bicyclization strategy for the construction of γ-lactam containing 3,3-disubstituted oxindole derivatives is described, which enables the sequential assembly of both unactivated and activated double bonds in one pot.
Melamine-derived N-rich C-entrapped Au nanoparticles for sensitive and selective monitoring of dopamine in blood samples
Authors: Shakeel Faria , Fazal Muhammad Waseem , Zulfiqar Anam , Zafar Farhan , Akhtar Naeem , Ahmed Arsalan , Ahmad Hafiz Badaruddin , Ahmed Safeer , Syed Asad , Bahkali Ali H. , Abdullah Muhammad , Shafiq Zahid
Published: September 2022

Several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and restless leg syndrome, majorly result from disruption in the dopamine (DA) level.
Probing the role of surface activated oxygen species of CeO2 nanocatalyst during the redox cycle in CO oxidation
Authors: Zhang Ruishi , Liu Xiaoyuan , Liang Hai , Yang Xijun , Li Jing , Ye Wenfeng , Wang Xiaomin , Liu Baodan
Published: September 2022

Pure CeO2 nanocatalysts fabricated by different methods are obtained and the impact of surface oxygen species on their CO oxidation is compared and evaluated.
Ratiometric rapid distinction of two structurally similar fluoroquinolone antibiotics by a Tb/Eu hydrogel
Authors: Biswas Ananya , Maitra Uday
Published: September 2022

Rapid distinction of structurally similar fluoroquinolone antibiotics norfloxacin and ofloxacin, and their quantification in a mixture, were achieved using a supramolecular Tb/Eu gel cocktail.
Optical chemical sensor of Gd(iii) based on 5-(2′-bromophenyl- azo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione immobilized on poly(methyl methacrylate) and 2-nitrophenyloctylether matrix
Authors: Moustafa Eslam M. I. , Amin Alaa S. , Darwish Eman R.
Published: September 2022

A novel optical chemical sensor (optode) was fabricated for the determination of Gadolinium ions.
PEGylation of Goldbody: PEG-aided conformational engineering of peptides on gold nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Tiange , Liu Yuan-Yuan , Lou Chenxi , Wang Haifang , Liu Yuanfang , Cao Aoneng
Published: September 2022

PEG with two terminal –SH groups can help to restore the native conformation of CDRs when PEG and CDRs are conjugated onto AuNPs together, thus creating the PEGylated Goldbody.
Main-chain flexibility and hydrophobicity of ionenes strongly impact their antimicrobial activity: an extended study on drug resistance strains and Mycobacterium
Authors: Kopiasz Rafał Jerzy , Zabost Anna , Myszka Magdalena , Kuźmińska Aleksandra , Drężek Karolina , Mierzejewska Jolanta , Tomaszewski Waldemar , Iwańska Agnieszka , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Ciach Tomasz , Jańczewski Dominik
Published: September 2022

A high significance of the main chain flexibility and an unexpected effect of hydrophobicity on the biological activity in series of ionenes was observed. The most potent among the tested polycations showed high activity toward clinical bacterial isolates.
Seed layer-free hydrothermal synthesis of porous tungsten trioxide nanoflake arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Wang Yongtao , Li Xinlei , Yang Yuhua
Published: September 2022

SEM image of the WO3 nanoflakes after 2 hours annealing (inset). Current density vs. potential curves of the photoelectrodes prepared in a Na2SO4 solution were scanned from −0.2 V to +1.4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl @ 25 °C) using linear sweep voltammetry.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel PET imaging agent targeting lipofuscin in senescent cells
Authors: Brickute Diana , Chen Cen , Braga Marta , Barnes Chris , Wang Ning , Allott Louis , Aboagye Eric O.
Published: September 2022

Lipofuscin deposits in senescence cells are visualised using the pathology stain Sudan Black B (SBB), an emerging biomarker of senescence. This work develops and evaluates a fluorine-18 derivative for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
Multicomponent synthesis of substituted pyridines via a catalytic intermolecular aza-Wittig/Diels–Alder sequence
Authors: Bayana Mary E. , Wailes J. Steven , Marsden Stephen P.
Published: September 2022

A three-component synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines, based upon the Diels–Alder reactions of 2-azadienes formed by a novel redox-neutral catalytic intermolecular aza-Wittig reaction.
Extending BigSMILES to non-covalent bonds in supramolecular polymer assemblies
Authors: Zou Weizhong , Martell Monterroza Alexis , Yao Yunxin , Millik S. Cem , Cencer Morgan M. , Rebello Nathan J. , Beech Haley K. , Morris Melody A. , Lin Tzyy-Shyang , Castano Cleotilde S. , Kalow Julia A. , Craig Stephen L. , Nelson Alshakim , Moore Jeffrey S. , Olsen Bradley D.
Published: September 2022

Non-covalent BigSMILES enables the representation of donor/acceptor interactions and delocalized bonds for polymer assemblies.
Synergistic action in colloidal heat engines coupled by non-conservative flows
Authors: Krishnamurthy Sudeesh , Ganapathy Rajesh , Sood A. K.
Published: September 2022

Colloidal particles in optical traps at close proximity are shown to mutually enhance non-conservative flows and recycle energy dissipated by Brownian vortexes. Heat engines constructed from them exploit this synergy to attain superior performance.
Understanding the effect of sodium polyphosphate on improving the chemical stability of Ti3C2Tz MXene in water
Authors: Huang Shuohan , Natu Varun , Tao Jingyi , Xia Yumin , Mochalin Vadym N. , Barsoum Michel W.
Published: September 2022

We study the effect of sodium polyphosphate upon Ti3C2Tz MXene degradation in aqueous colloids. This study also illustrates an effective and useful method for separation of the two main processes leading to MXene degradation in aqueous environments.
Topotactic BI3-assisted borodization: synthesis and electrocatalysis applications of transition metal borides
Authors: Woo Katherine E. , Kong Seongyoung , Chen Wei , Chang Tsz Hin , Viswanathan Gayatri , Díez Aida M. , Sousa Viviana , Kolen'ko Yury V. , Lebedev Oleg I. , Costa Figueiredo Marta , Kovnir Kirill
Published: September 2022

A facile and universal route for synthesizing transition metal borides has been developed by reaction of boron triiodide (BI3) with elemental transition metals.
Altering heating area assisted space confined method for growth of large scale and high quality MAPbBr3 single crystal thin films
Authors: Li Changqian , Chen Feitong , Wang Kaiyu , Yao Qing , Zhang Jie , Zhao Qiqi , Huang Qi , Zhu Huiling , Ding Jianxu
Published: September 2022

Large-scale, high-quality MAPbBr3 SCFs with high carrier lifetime and carrier mobility are grown by the altering heating area assisted space confined method.
Reconceptualizing Recovery After Concussion: A Phenomenological Exploration of College Student Experiences
Authors: Kemp Amy M. , O'Brien Katy H. , Wallace Tracey
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Typical measures of recovery from concussion—such as symptom scales, neurocognitive testing, or exertion measures—may not capture individualized experiences of concussion. This report examines how college students with concussion interact with and consider their recovery.

Method:

Sixteen college students who sustained concussions while in college completed 40- to 75-min semistructured interviews. All were enrolling to become mentors in a peer mentoring program for students with concussion. Questions addressed experiences as a college student with concussion, life changes following concussion, and role of peers in recovery. Using phenomenological reduction, analysis focused on the phenomenon of recovery and motivation for participation in a mentoring program.

Results:

Two main themes were found: (a)
What Recovery Looks Like
and (b)
Gaining Perspective, Learning to Cope and Adapting to Change
. Thirteen participants denied the label of “recovered” even though all had been deemed recovered and discharged from medical care. Instead, two subthemes emerged within
What Recovery Looks Like
:
Ongoing Recovery
and
Reconceptualizing Recovery
. Perceptions of recovery were influenced by effort, capacity, and resilience. In the second theme, students described strategies, resources, and supports used to cope with their injuries; most commonly used was emotion-focused coping.

Conclusions:

College students with concussion consider recovery as an ongoing process rather than a dichotomized condition. Student experiences may not be reflected in commonly used symptom scales or objective assessments.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21084925
Accuracy improvement of relational expressions regarding effective length vector of a dipole and expansion to V‐shaped dipole
Authors: Iigusa Kyoichi , Yamamoto Shin‐ichi , Miura Amane , Tsuji Hiroyuki
Published: September 2022

The accuracy of formulas for calculating le
(0) and α is improved, which are parameters representing the effective length vector of a dipole, from the length L and the width W of the dipole. The input resistance R and the input reactance X of the dipole can be approximately related to each other by using le
(0) and α. The relational expression can be applied accurately when the dipole is about half a wavelength or shorter, but it can be modified to be accurate up to about a wavelength by expressing the influence of the change in beam width due to the dipole size using le
(0). The authors found that this approximate relational expression can be applied to a V‐shaped dipole if the dipole length is about half a wavelength or shorter. The applicable range is extended to about a wavelength by introducing the cross‐polarized component of le
(0). The formulas for calculating le
(0) and α from the size parameters L and W and the bending angle ψ are also presented.
A new GM (1,1) model suitable for short‐term prediction of satellite clock bias
Authors: Tan Xiaorong , Xu Jiangning , Li Fangneng , Wu Miao , Chen Ding , Liang Yifeng
Published: September 2022

Due to the sensitivity of spaceborne atomic clock to many factors, the variation law of satellite clock bias (SCB) can be regarded as a grey system. The GM (1,1) model is a most classical and basic model of grey system, which has been successfully applied in SCB prediction. Moreover, many improved models have been proposed and widely used in various forecasts since GM (1,1) was generated. However, the prediction performance of these models is not obviously improved compared with the classical models in clock bias prediction. In view of this, a new GM (1,1) model has been come up with in this paper by optimising fitting model and initial condition. The new fitting model is obtained by differentiating time response function of winterisation, and the new initial condition is generated through one or more components of the original clock bias sequence. The authors employ GPS rapid and precise SCB provided by the International GNSS Service (IGS) for prediction experiments. The results show that the new GM (1,1) model is effective and feasible, and its prediction accuracy and stability are enormously better than that of the classical GM (1,1) model, especially for ultra‐short‐term prediction.
Effect of Notes' Access and Complexity on OpenNotes' Utility
Authors: Khasawneh Amro , Kratzke Ian , Adapa Karthik , Marks Lawrence , Mazur Lukasz
Published: September 2022

Background Health care providers are now required to provide their patients access to their consultation and progress notes. Early research of this concept, known as “OpenNotes,” showed promising results in terms of provider acceptability and patient adoption, yet objective evaluations relating to patients' interactions with the notes are limited.

Objectives To assess the effect of the complexity level of notes and number of accesses (initial read vs. continuous access) on the user's performance, perceived usability, cognitive workload, and satisfaction with the notes.

Methods We used a 2*2 mixed subjects experimental design with two independent variables: (1) note's complexity at two levels (simple vs. complex) and (2) number of accesses to notes at two levels (initial vs. continuous). Fifty-three participants were randomly assigned to receive a simple versus complex radiation oncology clinical note and were tested on their performance for understanding the note content after an initial read, and then with continuous access to the note. Performance was quantified by comparing each participant's answers to the ones developed by the research team and assigning a score of 0 to 100 based on participants' understanding of the notes. Usability, cognitive workload, and satisfaction scores of the notes were quantified using validated tools.

Results Performance for understanding was significantly better in simple versus complex notes with continuous access (p = 0.001). Continuous access to the notes was also positively associated with satisfaction scores (p = 0.03). The overall perceived usability, cognitive workload, and satisfaction scores were considered low for both simple and complex notes.

Conclusion Simplifying notes can improve understanding of notes for patients/families. However, perceived usability, cognitive workload, and satisfaction with even the simplified notes were still low. To make notes more useful for patients and their families, there is a need for dramatic improvements to the overall usability and content of the notes.
Stereoselective Copolymerization of Olefin with Polar Monomers to Access Stereoregular Functionalized Polyolefins
Authors: Mu Hongliang , Jian Zhongbao
Published: September 2022

Introducing polar functionalities to polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene is highly desirable for improving physical properties of the otherwise non-polar material. The synthesis of stereoregular functionalized polyolefins, however, has been a relatively underdeveloped area compared to that of functionalized polyethylene because of the lack of suitable catalysts that tolerate polar groups while possessing stereoselectivity. This review summarizes recent advances concerning the access to stereoregular functionalized polyolefins, including synthetic strategies such as post-functionalization, chain transfer and direct copolymerization methods. The focus of the review lies in the copolymerization approach, in which various polar comonomers and versatile stereoselective polymerization catalysts based on both early and late transition metals are involved. Polymer properties and potential applications for these materials are simply discussed.

1. Introduction

2. Reactive-Intermediate-Polymer Approach to Stereoregular Functionalized Polypropylene

3. Preparation of Stereoregular Functionalized Polypropylene by Chain-End Functionalization

4. Stereoselective Copolymerization of Propylene and Polar Monomers by Early Transition Metal Catalysts

5. Stereoselective Copolymerization of Propylene with Polar Monomers by Late Transition Metal Catalysts

6. Stereoselective Copolymerization of α-Olefins with Polar Monomers

7. Stereoselective Homopolymerization of Polar Monomers

8. Polymer Properties and Potential Applications

9. Conclusion and Outlook
Assessment of Dysphagia after Hemiglossectomy and Radiotherapy: A Prospective Study
Authors: Dasgupta Sohini , Samuel Soumi
Published: September 2022

Background Malignancy of the tongue is a common condition affecting patients and their day-to-day activities. The tongue plays an important role in deglutition. The combination treatment modality involving surgical resection with or without reconstruction and radiation is the most commonly used modality for such lesions. This in turn has a profound impact on the quality of life of the patients owing to the nature of the treatment.

Aim of the study This study aimed to assess swallowing in patients with carcinoma tongue following hemiglossectomy and radiotherapy (RT).

Methodology A prospective study carried out in 20 patients who underwent hemiglossectomy with primary closure for carcinoma of the tongue followed by RT. All patients were evaluated for swallowing using the Dysphagia Handicap Index before surgery; after surgery on the 10th and 30th days; during RT after 15 fractions of radiation; and after 1, 2, and 3 months postcompletion of RT.

Results The Dysphagia Handicap Index has significantly increased from the preoperative value following both surgery and RT on all follow-up visits (p < 0.001). The most severe self-reported dysphagia was noted during and after RT(p < 0.001).

Conclusion This study shows that hemiglossectomy followed by primary closure with adjuvant RT has a severe negative impact on swallowing, thereby affecting the quality of life.
The More Recent History of Hemophilia Treatment
Authors: Franchini Massimo , Mannucci Pier Mannuccio
Published: September 2022

The availability first in the 1970s of plasma-derived and then in the 1990s of recombinant clotting factor concentrates represented a milestone in hemophilia care, enabling not only treatment of episodic bleeding events but also implementation of prophylactic regimens. The treatment of hemophilia has recently reached new landmarks. The traditional clotting factor replacement therapy for hemophilia has been substituted over the last 10 years by novel treatments such as bioengineered factor VIII and IX molecules with extended half-life and non-factor treatments including the bispecific antibody emicizumab. This narrative review is dedicated to these newer therapies, which are contributing significantly to improving the long-term management of prophylaxis in hemophilia patients. Another section is focused on the current state of gene therapy, which is a promising definitive cure for severe hemophilia A and B.
Viscoelastic Testing in the Management of Adult Patients on Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices with Focus on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Volod Oksana , Wegner Julie
Published: September 2022

Thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications continue to remain frequent complications that significantly impact the morbidity and mortality of patients implanted with mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs). The severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a number of COVID-19 patients being supported by MCSDs, specifically extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which in turn has created a crucial need for rapid assessment of hemostatic status in these patients to avoid bleeding and thrombotic complications. Currently, conventional plasma-based coagulation assays such as prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are used to assess hemostasis, and the activated clotting time (ACT) and aPTT are the most common tests used to monitor heparin anticoagulation in patients on ECMO. Unfractionated heparin remains the mainstay anticoagulation therapy for patients on ECMO. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) offers little guidance on the subject but does state that each institution should create its internal anticoagulation protocols. Viscoelastic assays (VEAs) are increasingly recognized by ELSO and ECMO community for their potential to assess hemostatic derangements in patients implanted with MCSDs as well as guidance for appropriate hemostatic therapy. This review focuses on the evidence for the use of viscoelastic assays to assess overall hemostasis and to guide the treatment of adult patients connected to an ECMO circuit. Limitations of the use of conventional assays, ACT, and VEA are also discussed.
Oxygenation Severity Categories and Long-Term Quality of Life among Children who Survive Septic Shock
Authors: Kohne Joseph G. , Carlton Erin F. , Gorga Stephen M. , Gebremariam Acham , Quasney Michael W. , Zimmerman Jerry , Reeves Sarah L. , Barbaro Ryan P.
Published: September 2022

Objectives This study aimed to test whether early oxygenation failure severity categories (absent/mild/moderate/severe) were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) deterioration among children who survived sepsis-related acute respiratory failure.

Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a study of community-acquired pediatric septic shock, Life After Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation. The primary outcome was an adjusted decline in HRQL ≥ 25% below baseline as assessed 3 months following admission. Logistic regression models were built to test the association of early oxygenation failure including covariates of age and nonrespiratory Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score. Secondarily, we tested if there was an adjusted decline in HRQL at 6 and 12 months and functional status at 28 days.

Results We identified 291 children who survived to discharge and underwent invasive ventilation. Of those, that 21% (61/291) had mild oxygenation failure, 20% (58/291) had moderate, and 17% (50/291) had severe oxygenation failure. Fifteen percent of children exhibited a decline in HRQL of at least 25% from their baseline at the 3-month follow-up time point. We did not identify an association between the adjusted severity of oxygenation failure and decline in HRQL ≥ 25% at 3-, 6-, or 12-month follow-up. Children with oxygenation failure were more likely to exhibit a decline in functional status from baseline to hospital discharge, but results were similar across severity categories.

Conclusion Our findings that children of all oxygenation categories are at risk of HRQL decline suggest that those with mild lung injury should not be excluded from comprehensive follow-up, but more work is needed to identify those at the highest risk.
Diagnosis and Management of New-Onset Central Diabetes Insipidus in Critically Ill Children Varies between Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology Clinicians
Authors: Hunter R. Brandon , Guzman Herodes , Winters Jessica , Lord Katherine , Kirschen Matthew , Srinivasan Vijay
Published: September 2022

The diagnosis and management of central diabetes insipidus in critically ill children is not standardized. Our objective was to characterize differences between Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) and Pediatric Endocrinology (PE) clinicians in the diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI in the pediatric intensive care unit. We also sought to characterize knowledge gaps among general pediatrics (GP) residents. This is a scenario-based survey to assess patterns of diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI that was distributed to PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians who work in a quaternary care urban children's hospital. Of 275 PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians surveyed, 158 (57%) responded. More PCCM than PE clinicians relied on serum sodium levels (96 vs. 75%, p <0.01) and more PE than PCCM clinicians relied on serum osmolality (91 vs. 40%, p < .001) for diagnosis. Fewer PCCM than PE clinicians favored restricting IV fluids to two-thirds maintenance rate (4 vs. 37%, p <0.001). More PCCM than PE clinicians favored a starting dose of 0.5 milli-units/kg/h for IV vasopressin infusion (76 vs. 53%, p = 0.048). More PCCM clinicians than PE clinicians favored titrating the IV vasopressin infusion every 20 minutes (24 vs. 2%, p = 0.02), whereas more PE clinicians than PCCM clinicians favored titration every 60 minutes (38 vs. 14%, p = 0.03). GP residents earlier in training had greater self-reported gaps in knowledge. We observed substantial variability in the diagnosis and management of new-onset CDI in critically ill children among PCCM, PE, and GP clinicians. There is a need for greater standardization in care of these patients.
Insider-outsider: Methodological reflections on collaborative intercultural research
Authors: Liu Xu , Burnett David
Published: September 2022

With the development of globalization and the mobility of academics, there is an increasing opportunity for cooperation in intercultural research. This however raises questions about the advantages and disadvantages of being a cultural insider and outsider in such an endeavour. This paper considers the methodological complexities of intercultural research revealed during the collaborative research undertaken in rural China by the two authors, one English and one Chinese. Questions emerged about how to maintain objectivity, integrity, and confidentiality within intercultural settings. As such, it provides many useful insights for researchers carrying out collaborative research in intercultural settings, whether as an insider or outsider. This study also contributes to the English literature on methodological studies in rural China.
Potential prognostic factor in alternating electric fields therapy based on absorbed energy in tissue
Authors: Oh Geon , Jo Yunhui , Gi Yongha , Sung Heehun , Seo Jaehyun , Kim Hyunwoo , Lee Jaemin , Yoon Myonggeun
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed to determine a method for estimating a potential prognostic factor in alternating electric fields for the treatment of solid tumors based on cell survival curves that evaluate cell proliferation capability. In AGS, B16F10, U373, and HPAF-II cancer cell lines, the proportional relationships of the electric field magnitude and the duration of application with the proliferation of cancer cell lines was identified by in vitro alternating current electric field experiments performed under various conditions. A prognostic factor applicable to alternating electric field therapy was developed by identifying proportional relationships of the electric field magnitude and the duration of application with the proliferation of the four cancer cell lines. Through the experimental results, the absorbed energy in tissue has been suggested as a potential prognostic factor in alternating electric field therapy. The absorbed energy in tissue can be used as a reference to quantify the inhibition of cell proliferation related to control, enabling systematic assessment of alternating electric field therapy which, to date, has not been possible.
Fatigue life affected by various defects of a selective laser-manufactured Titanium alloy
Authors: Zhang Ziruo , Teng Xuefeng , Hu Xiaoan , Shan Xiaoming , Guo Xiaojun , Xu Youliang , Jiang Yun
Published: September 2022

Manufacturing defects introduced by selective laser melting of powder beds typically lead to lower fatigue strength and a larger scatter in fatigue life compared to conventional manufacturing methods. In this paper, the effect of build direction on the low cycle fatigue performance of laser powder bed fused Ti6Al4V alloy was studied. Tests under room temperature were conducted and fractographies were examined to identify the crack initiation source. Results show that fatigue cracks in all samples initiated from sub-surface pores. The roundness of pores was proved to have an influence on fatigue life. Therefore, pores were assumed as existing cracks and its roundness was used to modify a fracture mechanic-based life prediction model.
A linear seesaw model with A
4-modular flavor and local U(1)
B-L
symmetries
Authors: Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi
Published: September 2022

We discuss a linear seesaw model with local U(1)
B-L
and modular A
4 symmetries.
The neutrino mass matrix for linear seesaw mechanism is realized by U(1)
B-L
charge assignment and the nature of modular A
4 symmetry.
We formulate neutrino mass and carry out numerical χ square analysis showing some predictions for observables in neutrino sector.
Modelling of one-bit Arithmetic Logic Circuit using silicon micro-ring resonator
Authors: Hossain M , Singh M P , Rakshit J K
Published: September 2022

All-optical technology overcomes the problems that arise in traditional digital circuits such as speed limitation, energy consumption and size. In this manuscript, we have implemented a one-bit arithmetic logic circuit employing all-optical silicon micro-ring resonator that utilizes the advantages over other all-optical techniques. The Arithmetic logic circuit is the core component of ultra-fast combinational circuits. The proposed arithmetic logic circuit is validated through MATLAB at about 260 Gbps. Performance of our design has been investigated by numerical simulation. The critical parameters of MRR are optimized on the basis of performance metrics.