bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidimensionalidad de la biodiversidad. Aportes a la formación inicial de profesores de biología en Colombia
Authors: Castro Moreno Julio Alejandro , Valbuena Ussa Édgar Orlay , Escobar Gil Gloria Inés , Roa Acosta Robinson , López Roa Luis Manuel
Published: July 2021

En este artículo presentamos resultados de dos fases de un proyecto de investigación cuyo objeto de estudio fue la biodiversidad como problema de conocimiento. La primera fase se centró en el análisis documental sobre la biodiversidad a partir de publicaciones de los campos de la biología, la antropología, la filosofía y la educación, a nivel mundial; la segunda priorizó el análisis de syllabus relacionados con la biodiversidad y su enseñanza en tres programas de licenciatura en Biología en Colombia. Metodológicamente las dos fases corresponden al enfoque hermenéutico interpretativo. Los resultados de la primera fase llevaron a la formulación de una perspectiva multidimensional de la biodiversidad constituida por las categorías: biológica, económico-política, filosófica, sociocultural y educativa; encontrando que la última es la que menos desarrollo tiene. Respecto al análisis de los syllabus, evidenciamos como tendencia mayoritaria en los tres programas la dimensión biológica, donde se evidenció la necesidad de complejizar la formación docente articulando las demás dimensiones. El objetivo del artículo es exponer las cuatro primeras dimensiones con base en lo hallado en el análisis documental, dilucidando algunos rasgos de la dimensión educativa. Sumado a lo anterior, se pretende identificar el lugar que ocupan las dimensiones en la formación inicial de profesores de biología, con base en la información consignada en los syllabus.
Perspectivas ontológicas y epistemológicas en las concepciones acerca de la vida desde la cosmogonía Muruy en La Chorrera, Amazonas, Colombia
Authors: Castaño Cuellar Norma
Published: July 2021

Este artículo corresponde a resultados parciales de la tesis doctoral adscrita a la línea de investigación “Enseñanza de las ciencias, contexto y diversidad cultural” del Doctorado Interinstitucional en Educación, sede Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas y aborda la pregunta por las concepciones acerca de la vida desde la cosmogonía del pueblo Muruy en La Chorrera-Amazonas-Colombia. Esta narrativa fue construida a partir de los contenidos de la entrevista realizada a Gil Farekatde Maribba, como sabedor escogido por la comunidad del pueblo Muruy y diferentes fuentes documentales, observaciones del diario de campo, entre otros. El artículo describe la unidad ontológica Ser humano-Naturaleza-Espiritualidad, haciendo énfasis en el origen, la palabra, lo tangible e intangible y sus implicaciones en las concepciones acerca de la vida y del cuidado de esta. Igualmente analiza los aspectos epistemológicos contenidos en las prácticas de cuidado de la vida.
Analysis of over-the-counter analgesics purported to contain mescaline from the peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii: Cactaceae)
Authors: LeBlanc Robert , Silva Sohan De , Terry Martin
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate samples of commercial over-the-counter products purported to contain extracts from peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii), a vulnerable species. Samples were extracted with organic solvent and then washed to remove impurities. The extracts of these products were subjected to an analysis by real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) to determine the presence or absence of the alkaloid mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine mescaline concentrations in the samples and to provide quantitative evidence of the concentration—if any—of mescaline in the products. If a detectable level of mescaline—a stable and abundant alkaloid of L. williamsii—was found in a given extract, then it was inferred that L. williamsii was present in the corresponding topical product. The results of this investigation show that most consumers who purchase the products in question are being defrauded if they believe they are buying L. williamsii-based medicines. The lack of mescaline—implying the lack of peyote—in these products suggests that wild populations of the vulnerable cactus L. williamsii, though currently being decimated on a massive scale in Mexico and the U.S. for other purposes, are rarely harvested for use in topical analgesic products. This conclusion is based on the finding that less than 5% of the ostensible L. williamsii-containing topical analgesic products that were analyzed in this study actually contained mescaline.
Tres nuevos registros de árboles para la flora de El Salvador
Authors: Cardoza Ruiz Frank Sullyvan , Linares José Ledis
Published: July 2021

Se citan tres nuevas de especies arbóreas para la flora salvadoreña: Phyllostylon rhamnoides, Vitex gaumeri y Lonchocarpus rugosus ssp. gillyi nativos de México, Centroamérica y Sudamérica. El Salvador cuenta con 1,213 taxones arbóreos, de los cuales 1,000 son nativos y 213 taxones son exóticos o cultivados, incluyendo subespecies y variedades (Linares 2003), considerando árbol cualquier planta leñosa, que en algún momento alcance 3 m de alto y más de 10 cm de diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP). Pese a que el listado de Berendsohn et al. (2009, 2012, 2016) representa el trabajo de varios años de investigación, involucrando a prestigiosos herbarios del exterior y a los principales herbarios del país; no menciona las especies reportadas ni entre las dudosas o entre las especies esperadas, siendo estas especies de gran tamaño y de floración vistosa y profusa por lo que podrían ser detectados incluso por colectores poco avezados. Berendsohn et al. (2009, 2012, 2016) registran un total de 1,191 especies, 115 subespecies y variedades y tres grupos de cultivares, representando 1,206 taxones de rango más básico; de los cuales, 948 están considerados nativos de El Salvador. Las discrepancias en las cifras pueden obedecer a que algunos taxones poco conocidos como Plumeria marialenae J.F. Gut. y J. Linares (Gutiérrez y Linares 2006) son considerados como sinónimos por algunos autores al no examinar los tipos. Finalmente, estos tres nuevos registros se encontraron en el norte y sur occidente del país en los departamentos de Santa Ana, Chalatenango y Ahuachapán, lo cual evidencia la alta diversidad arbórea contenida en esa zona del país.
Notes on the natural history of Stillingia aquatica (Euphorbiaceae): with special attention to reproductive biology
Authors: Rogers George
Published: July 2021

Stillingia aquatica, a wetland shrub in the Southeastern U.S., was profiled in Southeast Florida from a natural history standpoint. The stem has exceptionally lightweight wood in common with other periodically root-inundated woody plants. Pseudowhorled tufts of conspicuous yellow leaves subtend the similarly colored spikelike thyrsoid inflorescences. The plants are monoecious, self-compatible, protogynous with respect to inflorescences, and with a mixed mating system. After a pistillate-only phase, pistillate and staminate phases overlap in time, and are positioned in close physical proximity within inflorescences. Then follows a prolonged phase of only staminate flowers plus maturing fruits. The inflorescences attract ants, bees, and especially abundant wasps, switching from mixed bees and wasps in the dry season to essentially just wasps in the wet season. Wind-pollination is minimal to none. Ants are often abundant in the inflorescences and believed to contribute to geitonogamy but are not necessary for fruitset. Agamospermy is none to negligible. The seeds often fail, with the failure rates varying between populations and between individual plants.
Vascular flora of J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife Refuge, Sanibel Island, Florida, U.S.A.
Authors: Stalter Richard , Lamont Eric E.
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to collect and document the vascular plant species at the 2104-hectare J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife Refuge, Sanibel Island, Florida. Vascular plant species were collected at two-month intervals from May 2014 to October 2017 during which we identified 319 species in 251 genera in 93 families. The Poaceae (41 spp.), Fabaceae (30 spp.), and Asteraceae (33 spp.) were the largest families. The most species rich genera were Euphorbia (8 spp.), Cyperus, Tillandsia (7 spp.), and Ipomoea (6 spp.). Eighty species; 25 percent of the flora, were non-native. One rare species occurred at the study site.
Multiple complementary studies clarify which co-occurring congener presents the greatest hybridization threat to a rare Texas endemic wildflower (Hibiscus dasycalyx: Malvaceae)
Authors: Sain Melody P. , Norrell-Tober Julia , Barthel Katherine , Seawright Megan , Blanton Alyssa , Hertweck Kate L. , Placyk, Jr. John S. , Small Randall , Williams Lance R. , Williams Marsha G. , Banta Joshua A.
Published: July 2021

The Neches River Rose Mallow (Hibiscus dasycalyx) is a rare wildflower endemic to Texas that is federally protected in the U.S.A. While previous work suggests that H. dasycalyx may be hybridizing with its widespread congeners, the Halberd-leaved Rose Mallow (H. laevis) and the Woolly Rose Mallow (H. moscheutos), this has not been studied in detail. We evaluated the relative threats to H. dasycalyx posed by hybridization with H. laevis and H. moscheutos by 1) examining their relatedness to one another via modern phylogenomic methods, 2) examining the species’ ecological (dis)similarities to one another using ecological niche modeling, and 3) looking for genomic evidence of hybridization among the three species. Our results suggest that H. dasycalyx is very closely related and ecologically similar to H. laevis, and suggest that H. laevis is interbreeding with H. dasycalyx in the wild. Conversely, H. moscheutos appears to be more distantly related to H. dasycalyx and more ecologically dissimilar, and the two are most likely not hybridizing. For these reasons, we believe that H. laevis poses a greater threat to H. dasycalyx than H. moscheutos. We offer some hypotheses as to why H. dasycalyx and H. laevis are coming into secondary contact where hybridization can occur.
Noccaea perfoliata or Microthlaspi perfoliatum (Brassicaceae), new to the flora of Texas, U.S.A.
Authors: Neill Amanda K. , Kieschnick Sam R.
Published: July 2021

The non-native plant species contentiously known as either Noccaea perfoliata or Microthlaspi perfoliatum is reported in Texas for the first time, with iNaturalist observations from Collin, Dallas, and Grayson counties.
Flow Cytometry ICS Nuclear Antigens v1
Authors: Betts Michael , Golden Gregory
Published: July 2021

High-parameter flow cytometry enables identification and characterization of a wide range of cell populations within a biological sample. A combined analysis of extracellular epitope staining (ECS) and intra-cellular epitope staining (ICS) using a collection of fluorophore-labeled antibodies sufficiently identifies discrete cell populations and their respective phenotypes. Importantly, ECS/ICS can be applied to cryo-preserved cell suspensions recovered in tissue culture media, enabling samples to be conveniently analyzed after collection and proper cryopreservation. However, consistent cryopreserved sample recovery and ECS procedures are critical to data comparison across multiple experiments. Herein, we describe a standardized protocol for cryopreserved sample recovery and ECS/ICS procedures for cell-surface and intra-cellular epitope labeling.
Protocol: Peritonitis – sepsis ± intervention HMW-HA v1
Authors: Tenhunen Annelie
Published: July 2021

While fluid resuscitation is fundamental in the treatment of sepsis-induced tissue hypo-perfusion, a sustained positive fluid balance is associated with excess mortality. Crystalloids are the mainstay of fluid resuscitation and use of either synthetic colloids or albumin is controversial. Hyaluronan, an endogenous glycosaminoglycan with high affinity to water, has not been tested as adjuvant in fluid resuscitation. We sought to evaluate the effects of hyaluronan as an adjuvant to fluid resuscitation in peritonitis induced sepsis. In a prospective, parallel-grouped, blinded model of porcine peritonitis-sepsis, we randomized animals to intervention with adjuvant hyaluronan (add-on to standard therapy) (n=8) or 0.9% saline (n=8). After the onset of hemodynamic instability the animals received an initial bolus of 0.1 % hyaluronan 1 mg/kg/10 min or placebo (saline) followed by a continuous infusion of 0.1% hyaluronan (1 mg/kg/h) or saline during the experiment. We hypothesized that the administration of hyaluronan would reduce the volume of fluid administered (aiming at stroke volume variation <13%) and/or attenuate the inflammatory reaction. Total volumes of intravenous fluids infused were 17.5 ± 11 ml/kg/h vs. 19.0 ± 7 ml/kg/h in intervention and control groups, respectively (p = 0.442). Plasma IL-6 increased to 2450 (1420 – 6890) pg/ml and 3700 (1410 – 11960) pg/ml (18 hours of resuscitation) in the intervention and control groups (NS). In a post-hoc analysis, modified shock index remained lower in intervention group (p = 0.011 - 0.037). In conclusion adjuvant hyaluronan did not reduce the volume needed for fluid administration or decrease the inflammatory reaction. Adjuvant hyaluronan was, however, associated with lower modified shock index. Bearing in mind that the experiment has a limited group-size we suggest that further studies on hyaluronan in sepsis are warranted.
mejora del factor empresarial como estrategia de competitividad de un municipio: el caso de Osuna
Authors: Pérez Conde José María , Morán Álvarez Juan Carlos , Chavarría Ortiz Carlos , García Parejo Antonia
Published: July 2021

El objetivo general del estudio es servir de apoyo a las empresas para diseñar un marco analítico que facilite la planificación y ejecución de estrategias empresariales basado en la investigación empírica utilizando el modelo de Rasch. Por otro lado, el propósito específico del análisis es determinar y comparar la posición jerárquica de las empresas de un municipio en relación con la variable latente “fortaleza económica empresarial”, así como identificar los factores potenciales más relevantes de la misma, todo ello enfocado a promover el desarrollo económico del municipio sevillano de Osuna.
La medición de la “fortaleza económica empresarial” se apoya en una serie de ítems que la definen, y que el modelo de Rasch clasifica en función de la dificultad o facilidad de logro en la cuantificación realizada. Conocer el posicionamiento de estos ítems en el logro de la variable latente posibilita a las empresas adaptar sus acciones estratégicas, para lograr un mayor impacto.
Este análisis puede ser trasladado a otros municipios o bien plantearlo desde una perspectiva multiterritorial y dirigido a actividades productivas similares. Consideramos que este instrumento analítico abre la posibilidad de fortalecer el tejido productivo de un territorio o de una actividad específica, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta muy interesante para mejorar la efectividad y eficiencia en el diseño de estrategias empresariales con el consiguiente efecto en la competitividad y el crecimiento económico del área considerada.
eficacia de los derechos humanos a través del enfoque de la economía social y solidaria
Authors: González Rivera Tatiana Vanessa , Martinez Regino Roberto
Published: July 2021

Analizar la relación entre la concepción de los derechos humanos y la llamada “otra forma de hacer economía” permite avizorar una perspectiva fundamental de la economía social y solidaria, la cual cobra cada vez más relevancia en contextos de crisis como el actual derivado de la pandemia por COVID-19 y en países con ordenamientos jurídicos en los cuales los derechos humanos son el eje central de todo su sistema; una particularidad cada vez más presente en diferentes naciones, sobre todo cuando la satisfacción de varios de estos derechos sigue siendo una tarea pendiente e incompatible, aparentemente, con el sistema económico hegemónico. Esta investigación demuestra cómo prácticas exitosas de Economía Social y Solidaria conllevan una salvaguarda de derechos humanos y fomentan el desarrollo humano local a partir de un factor de inclusión e integración social propio de los valores y principios de la Economía Social y Solidaria.
Structures of the Public Sphere: Contested Spaces as Assembled Interfaces
Authors: Brantner Cornelia , Rodríguez-Amat Joan Ramon , Belinskaya Yulia
Published: July 2021

This article updates certain aspects of the normative notions of the public sphere. The complex ecosystem of social communications enhanced by mobile media platform activity has changed our perception of space. If the public sphere has to normatively assess the expected conditions for public debate and for democracy, the assemblage of devices, discourses, infrastructures, locations, and regulations must be considered together. The literature reviewed about the public sphere, spaces, and geographically-enabled mobile media leads this article to the formulation of a concept of the public sphere that considers such assemblage as an interface. As an empirically applicable update to the definition of the public sphere the text offers a model that helps analyze those factors considering how they shape the communicative space in four modes: representations, structures, textures, and connections. These modes consider the roles played by assemblages of devices, infrastructures, and content in delimiting the circulation of information. The second part of the article illustrates the model with examples from previous research, paying particular attention to the structures’ mode. The dissection of qualitative, quantitative, and geodata generated by digital and (visual) (n)ethnographic tools reveals three subcategories for the analysis of structures of space: barriers, shifts, and flows. The structures effectively enable/disable communication and define centers and peripheries in the activity flows. The contribution of this article is, thus, conceptual—it challenges and updates the notion of the public sphere; and methodological—it offers tools and outputs that align with the previously developed theoretical framework.
Factors Influencing the Software Development Process in Small Scale Industries
Authors: Dr. Dipti Kumari Irfan Ahmad Khan,
Published: July 2021

Software development is a complex process which is divided into many phases. According to the software type and industries the development process is restructured. During the entire development what are the main factors which is influencing the process and affecting the quality. The main objective of this study is to focus on factors influencing the development process and how it affects the small scale industries after coming in to the real practice.

Entire Software development is a layered process in which different factors are responsible to get the best products. This paper is focused on different technical and non-technical influencing factors which give major impact on the software quality. With influencing factors, their applicability in small scale industries also studied.

Three important technical factors i.e. SDLC model and its principles, Cost estimation and Risk parameter whereas two important influencing factors in non-technical.i.e. success factors and environmental factors. Non-technical factors more influencing than technical factors. 

All technical and non-technical factors have their own role but to apply all these quality parameters in small scale industries we need to make them more easy for their applicability. If quality development process and its parameters are tuned to easy and affordable level more businessmen will shift from manual working environment to the digital working environment.
Antibiotic treatment failure
Authors: Alpatov Sergey P. , Bogush Nadezhda V. , Borozdenko Denis A. , Buyanova Natalia M. , Ganshina Irina V. , Dibirova Gulnara O. , Dmitrieva Natalia B. , Kalinina Elena V. , Kirillova Anna V. , Kiseleva Nina M. , Kukushkin German V. , Leonteva Tatiana I. , Maximov Maxim L. , Markina Elena V. , Mileshina Svetlana E. , Tsitsuashvili Maia D. , Yurov Dmitry E.
Published: July 2021

This review presents information on cases of antibiotic failure (insufficient effect) in the global population over the past three years. We analyzed scientific papers, clinical trial data, and the WHO Program for International Drug Monitoring (VigiBase) data from 2018 to 2020. The values of global success and safety rates of antibacterial drugs for medical use are presented. The findings may be of practical interest to physicians, researchers, developers, and healthcare regulators.
Parkinson’s disease: epidemiology and pathogenesis
Authors: Borozdenko Denis A. , Bogorodova Vladislava I. , Kiseleva Nina M. , Negrebetsky Vadim V.
Published: July 2021

This review presents data on the etiology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of Parkinsons disease from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), eLibrary, CyberLeninka, and from monographs and textbooks. The prevalence, classification, genetic variability, main pathogenetic links, and potential disease development mechanisms are described. Both classic Parkinsons disease and variable manifestations of parkinsonism are considered. The factors that contribute to disease progression and inhibit its development are described. The main hypotheses of the pathogenetic mechanisms of Parkinsons disease are presented. These are protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein purification systems, neuroinflammation, and pathology of the gut-brain axis.
Evaluation of the antiischemic effect of a prolonged form of trimetazidine in patients with stable angina pectoris using speckle-tracking technique
Authors: Kuchmin A N , Yaroslavtsev M Yu , Afendikov N V , Galova E P , Shulenin S N , Evsyucov K B , Shevelev A A
Published: July 2021

Studies of global and segmental myocardial contractility using the speckle-tracking technique in patients suffering from stable angina pectoris compared to healthy individuals are presented. It was revealed that, in patients suffering from stable angina pectoris, the values of longitudinal deformation in the anterolateral and apical segments of the left ventricle, as well as global longitudinal deformation, decrease. Differences in longitudinal myocardial deformation in other segments were not observed in the subjects. Possible causes of a decrease in the longitudinal deformation of the myocardium, both in general and in individual segments of the left ventricle, are examined. The data on longitudinal segmental deformity of the left ventricle on the background of anti-ischemic therapy are presented. A direct correlation between the values of the global longitudinal deformation and the distance traveled by patients before the development of an angina attack was revealed.In addition, a direct correlation was found between the longitudinal deformation of the myocardium in the anterior septal region of the left ventricle and exercise tolerance. Adding a prolonged form of trimetazidine to complex anti-ischemic therapy leads to a significant increase in segmental and global deformity of the left ventricle, which is accompanied by a decrease in the daily need for nitroglycerin and an increase in exercise tolerance. The lack of dynamics of the longitudinal strain in the basal parts of the left ventricle during treatment may be due to the development of cardiosclerosis.
Possibilities of computed tomography enterography in the diagnosis of complicated forms of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Kurilo D P , Savchenko M I , Solov’yev I A , Zheleznjak I S , Pershko A M , Bojkov I V
Published: July 2021

The possibilities of computed tomographic enterography in the diagnosis of complicated forms of Crohn’s disease are substantiated. Presented are 2 clinical observations of patients being treated at the clinic of naval surgery of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy regarding the complicated form of Crohn’s disease. It was established that early diagnosis of the disease and the most accurate determination of the form of Crohn’s disease allows you to increase the period of remission of this disease. The standard for diagnosing Crohn’s disease is an endoscopic examination with multiple biopsies. Identification of extraintestinal complications determines the prognosis of the course of Crohn’s disease and directly affects the choice of treatment tactics. In this aspect, computed tomographic enterography comes first, which, in addition to determining the nature, localization and extent of structural changes in the intestinal wall, makes it possible to assess the state of the mesentery and parenchymal organs of the abdominal cavity. The high availability, speed and non-invasiveness of the study makes computed tomography enterography the method of choice among other imaging techniques. Currently, computed tomography enterography is a reliable and timely research technique for complicated forms of Crohn’s disease. Its results allow you to choose the most suitable tactics of conservative or surgical treatment, which allows you to improve the prognosis of the disease in each case, as well as track the dynamics of the pathological process and the effectiveness of the therapy
Study of prooxidant activity and some indicators of the pituitary-gonadal system in patients suffering from chronic endometritis
Authors: Kirillova N V , Spasenkova O M , Platonova A G
Published: July 2021

The state of lipid peroxidation and the oxidative modification of proteins in the blood of 29 women with chronic endometritis aged 27 to 40 years were studied. The control group consisted of 19 healthy women aged 27 to 44 years. The intensity of lipid peroxidation was estimated by the level of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde, the oxidative modification of proteins - by the level of carbonyl derivatives. It was shown that in the blood of women with chronic endometritis, the concentration of aliphatic aldehyde groups and 1,9 times the carbonyl groups in protein molecules increases by 3,3 times compared with the control group. A significant increase in diene conjugates by 34% and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and red blood cells by 47 and 43%, respectively, was established. The increase in lipid peroxidation products and oxidative protein modification in the blood indicates the development of oxidative stress in women suffering from chronic endometritis. Compared with healthy patients with chronic endometritis, a convincing tendency toward an increase in prolactin and anti- Muller hormone against a decrease in progesterone was revealed in the group compared to healthy ones. To predict possible complications in patients with chronic endometritis, it is advisable to study the indicators of protein and lipid peroxidation as markers of oxidative stress and the severity of the inflammatory process. In addition, such patients should be advised to take antioxidant drugs in combination with the basic therapy.
Experience in the use of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kalimulin O A , Koltsov A V , Tyrenko V V , Bologov S G , Odin V I , Tsygan E N
Published: July 2021

The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (valsartan / sacubitrile) in addition to standard therapy in comorbid patients suffering from chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are presented. It was revealed that the combination of valsartan / sacubitrile has a more pronounced therapeutic effect than the separate use of valsartan. At the same time, the level of the N-terminal cerebral natriuretic peptide decreases, especially in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40%, which indicates the effect on the pathogenetic mechanisms associated with the formation and progression of chronic heart failure. The effectiveness of the recommended combination of valsartan / sakubitrile is confirmed by a significant increase in the ejection fraction of the left ventricle of patients suffering from chronic heart failure, which significantly affects the increase in exercise tolerance and improving the quality of life. Improving the quality of life is confirmed by the positive dynamics of the «symptoms», «activity» blocks of the questionnaire for patients suffering from respiratory diseases, St. George’s hospital and «mobility», «usual daily activities» of the quality of life questionnaire, which also shows the advantage of using valsartan / sakubitril and increases patient commitment to prescribed therapy. A decrease in the cavity of the left atrium and a decrease in pressure in the pulmonary artery indicates not only an improvement in the function of the left chambers of the heart, but also of the right ventricle.
Program extracorporeal photophoresis in complex treatment of psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Manuilov A S , Belskykh A N , Bardakov S N , Apchel A V , Tishko V V , Zakharov M V , Sokolov A A , Ryabova T S , Sherbakov E V , Volkov K Yu , Kudryavtsev I V , Serebriakova M K , Trulev A S
Published: July 2021

The results of complex treatment with the programmed procedures of extracorporeal photopheresis and methotrexate in patients with psoriatic arthritis for 12 months are presented. It has been established that program extracorporeal photopheresis in combination with basic therapy with methotrexate in patients with psoriatic arthritis have a significant effect on the relief of articular syndrome (reduction of morning stiffness, pain intensity, joint swelling). It was revealed that the inclusion of programmed extracorporeal photopheresis and methotrexate in the complex treatment of psoriatic arthritis reduces the level of circulating low molecular weight, medium molecular weight and high molecular weight immune complexes and in most cases leads to clinical and immunological remission. This is confirmed by a decrease in complaints of the severity of articular syndrome and a decrease in the clinical and laboratory activity of the disease (a significant decrease in the level of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate). A scheme has been developed for the programmed use of extracorporeal photopheresis procedures in the complex treatment of psoriatic arthritis, which consists of 2 procedures every other day with an interval of 2,5-3 months for 12 months. Combined therapy with the programmed application of extracorporeal photopheresis procedures and methotrexate prolongs the period of disease remission and can be recommended for patients with psoriatic arthritis with high activity, insufficient effect of basic therapy and intolerance to higher doses of immunosuppressive drugs.
Optimization of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection using polymerase chain reaction in a large multi-specialty hospital
Authors: Zhdanov K. V. , Kozlov K. V. , Bulankov Yu. I. , Zakharenko S. M. , Uliukin I. M. , Zagorodnikov G. G , Grigoriev S. G. , Orlova E. S. , Shuklina A. A , Ivanov A. M. , Maltsev O. V. , Sukachev V. S. , Kasyanenko K. V. , Grinchenko N. E.
Published: July 2021

Аbstract. We consider the possibility of optimizing the diagnosis of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase chain reaction in a multi-specialty hospital, repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, using the example Of the military medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. The analysis of scientific publications selected in accordance with the purpose of the study, analyzed data from 218 samples of polymerase chain reaction in patients with COVID-19, who were in the clinics Of the military medical Academy named after Sm. Time intervals were established depending on the clinical forms and severity of the infectious process, in which the probability of a positive and negative result of a polymerase chain reaction to SARS-CoV-2 RNA was maximum and minimum. It was shown that during the examination and treatment, molecular biological diagnostics were performed excessively (4 times in more than 50% of patients) and in 97,3% of patients unreasonably early (8,50,4 days). At the same time, the highest frequency of negative results of polymerase chain reaction to SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed in the period from 9 to 10 and from 12 to 14 days, while it depended on the clinical form and severity of the infectious process. In this regard, the volume diagnosis using polymerase chain reaction should be reduced and to conduct research when entering the hospital, on the 9th-10th day (in patients inapparently forms and acute respiratory diseases, lung flow) and 12-14 days before discharge in patients with moderate and severe course of the infectious process.
Results of surgical treatment of patients with stage IV colon cancer of older age groups and ways to improve them
Authors: Sazonov A. A.
Published: July 2021

The effectiveness of cytoreductive operations in geriatric patients with stage IV colon cancer was assessed. A comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of metastatic colon cancer in patients of various age groups was carried out. The molecular biological properties of colon adenocarcinoma in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were studied. The clinical significance of immunohistochemical markers as the proliferative index of stem cancer cells (ALDH+Ki-67+) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4 was determined for predicting the long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with stage IV colon cancer has been determined. It was found that the survival rates of elderly and senile patients are not inferior to those in patients under 60 years of age. A comparative analysis of the immediate and long-term results of treatment indicates the effectiveness of cytoreductive interventions in elderly and senile patients suffering from stage IV colon cancer. It was found that the expression level of the receptor for CXCR4 chemokines and the proliferative activity of stem cancer cells correlate with the life expectancy of patients after cytoreductive interventions and can be used to clarify the indications for their implementation.
Clinical features and diagnosis of tuberculous meningoencephalitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Milyaev A. A. , Dantsev V. V. , Belova A. I. , Platonova R. A. , Zaretsky B. V. , Muchaidze R. D. , Karpushchenko V. G.
Published: July 2021

The results of a prospective study of 66 patients aged 32,63,8 years infected with the human immunodeficiency virus who were treated in an anti-tuberculosis medical organization for tuberculosis meningoencephalitis are presented. Of these, 49 (74,2%) were newly diagnosed with tuberculosis, and 17 (25,8%) had relapses and chronic forms of tuberculosis. According to social characteristics, patients were distributed as follows: working - 9 (13,6%), non-working - 57 (86,4%), disabled people with tuberculosis - 4 (6,1%), persons who previously served their sentences in prison - 48 (72,7%). All the surveyed patients had bad habits: they continued to actively use psychoactive substances - 52 (78,8%) people, abused alcohol - 43 (65,2%), smoked - 60 (90,1%). In 97% of cases, tuberculosis of the meninges and Central nervous system was a complication of respiratory tuberculosis: tuberculosis of the intra-thoracic lymph nodes - 42,4%, disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis - 27,3%, infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis - 22,7%, and caseous pneumonia- 7,6%. The most effective method for diagnosing the tuberculosis etiology of meningoencephalitis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus is the study of cerebrospinal fluid using a polymerase chain reaction. Deoxyribonucleic acid of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 31 (47%) patients. The characteristics of the cerebrospinal fluid in the examined patients are presented as follows: a decrease in glucose in 45 (68,2%) patients, an increase in protein in 59 (89,4%), and cytosis at the upper limit of normal values in 10 (15,6%). High mortality rates (47,7%) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in combination with tuberculosis meningoencephalitis are associated with a high degree of immunosuppression.
Neuronavigation Assistance. Decreased radiation exposure during spinal surgery in patients with severe combined trauma
Authors: Badalov V. I. , Spitsyn M. I. , Korostelev K. E. , Yarmoshuk R. V. , Rodionova A. A.
Published: July 2021

Absnract. The results of the study of intraoperative x-ray irradiation of the affected two arrays are presented: the main array using neuronavigation and the control group, where standard 2D fluoroscopy was used. The radiation load on the operating surgeon and auxiliary operating personnel was also evaluated. Intraoperative visualization was carried out using the second-generation iNtellect ENT Navigation rack of the Stryker company (United States of America) for the victims of the main array and the Ziehm Vision RFD optical-optical converter (Germany) of the company for the victims of the control group. The imaging option using an electron-optical transducer is especially important for minimally invasive procedures, where instrumentation is performed percutaneously without direct anatomical control, as opposed to open procedures or working with distorted anatomical structures during injuries. Biplanar fluoroscopy was one of the first intraoperative methods of imaging in real time, and remains one of the leading technologies in orthopedic and spinal surgery. However, radiation exposure from intraoperative fluoroscopy remains a serious problem for patients, surgeons, and operating support staff. The negative effect of ionizing radiation leads to cell damage through the induction of deoxyribonucleic acid and the release of reactive oxygen species. In this regard, cell death or genome instability occurs, which leads to various radiation-related pathologies. It was found that the use of neuronavigation reduces the number of errors, reduces intraoperative trauma, and significantly reduces intraoperative radiation exposure to the injured, operating surgeon and auxiliary operating personnel. The large-scale introduction of navigation technologies will reduce or completely eliminate the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on the injured and medical personnel.
Predictability study of the pharmacodynamic properties of drugs in silico by the example of comparing data on the naphazoline clinical use and the results of computer modeling
Authors: Ivanov V. S. , Seleznev A. B. , Ivchenko E. V. , Cherkashin D. V. , Kutelev G. G. , Boyko Yu. G.
Published: July 2021

The forecast of naphazoline pharmacological properties has been made using the PASS computer program and the ADVER-Pred web resource of the Way2Drug information and computing platform. Biological activity, mechanisms of action, toxic and side effects, as well as other types of activity of the studied drug associated with interaction with antitargets, metabolism and gene expression regulation have been determined. The results of the naphazoline pharmacological properties forecast obtained in silico have been compared with the information available in the literature about its systemic effects in clinical use and poisoning.It has been established that the studied chemical compound has a very wide spectrum of action, which is primarily associated with the stimulation of adrenoreceptors and imidazoline receptors located in many organs and tissues of the body. At the same time, other mechanisms of naphazoline action forecasted in silico allow us to determine possible directions for further research of its clinical use. Among the toxic and side effects, along with such known adverse events as effect on the central nervous system and arterial hypertension, in the clinical use of naphazoline special attention should be paid to the cardio-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects forecasted with a high degree of probability. The prominent toxic effect of naphazoline can cause the occurrence of life- threatening conditions - acute cerebrovascular disorder, myocardial infarction, cardiac rhythm disorders, acute left ventricular failure. The obtained data confirm that the use of modern computer methods that provide an assessment of biological activity based on the drug-like compound graphic formula allows us to obtain a forecast with a high degree of confidence for both new pharmacological substances and for drugs approved for clinical use in order to clarify their pharmacological properties.
Golden symmetry - an indicator of the norm and pathology of the human heart
Authors: Malov Yu. S. , Kuchmin A. N. , Borisov I. M. , Malova A. M.
Published: July 2021

The concept of norm is the key to biology and medicine. Recently, the norm has been associated with harmony. That which leads opposites to unity is harmony. It is closely related to the proportion of the golden ratio. The golden ratio is the basis of human health. Deviations from it can be used in medicine to diagnose pathological conditions. This fully applies to the work of the heart. The mathematical expression of harmony, symmetry is a method of assessing the norm of the heart. The golden proportion is manifested in the relationship of the temporal parameters of the cardiocycle, volumes of the left ventricle, types of blood pressure: pulse, diastolic, systolic. It was found that the golden proportions of systole, diastole and cardiocycle close to 0,382,0,618 are observed in men with a heart rate of 65 beats/min, in women - 55 beats/min. This mode of work of the heart corresponds to the rest of the body and is the norm. During physical activity, changes in the parameters of the cardiocycle occur (symmetry transformation). Violations of the golden relationship of the phases and the cardiocycle indicate damage to the heart. The magnitude of these deviations from the golden ratio depends on the severity of heart failure. Golden harmony in healthy people can be traced in the relations between the volumes of the left ventricle. These relationships are the ideal norm. Deviations in the relationship of volumes from golden ratio are a manifestation of pathology. Based on the principle of golden symmetry in healthy people, the normal EF is 623%, and not 50-80% as is accepted in practice. It is not an indicator of the norm. The mechanical activity of the heart is also determined by the laws of harmony. Pulse, diastolic and systolic blood pressure in healthy individuals are among themselves in the golden ratio (0,618). Violations of golden ratio are found in unstable forms of hypertension and damage to the heart muscle. Golden symmetry is the basis of the reference of the norm and the identification of pathologies of the human heart.
Factors influencing the choice of antibiotic therapy regimen for pleural empyema
Authors: Kotiv B. N. , Dzidzava I. I. , Valiev G. V. , Barinov O. V. , Suborova T. N. , Deinega I. V. , Zubarev P. N.
Published: July 2021

There are considered the factors affecting the choice of an antibacterial drug for antibacterial therapy, based on the analysis of the material. The analysis of these factors was provided. The most problematic pathogens of pleural empyema are non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria: P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp.; Еnterobacteriales: K. pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp.; gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp.; anaerobic bacteria: Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. Most authors note an increase of antibiotic resistance in pathogens of pleural empyema, which significantly complicate the choice of antibacterial therapy. It was revealed that the choice of drug for antimicrobial therapy should be justified on the basis of a systemic, integrated approach taking into account the etiology of the pleural empyema, the severity of the patient and concomitant pathology. The main factors influencing the choice of antibacterial drug are the origin of pleural empyema (in-hospital or out-of-hospital), the presence of previous admissions, the previously provided antibacterial therapy and the results of stratification of patients by the risk of polyresistant microflora. With the appearance of clinical signs of the in-hospital pleural empyema the choice of antibacterial drug for antimicrobial therapy should be made taking into account clinical and epidemiological data and the results of microbiological monitoring in the hospital.
Modern approach to the management and treatment of patients with precancerous conditions and changes in the gastric mucosa
Authors: Pavlovich I. M. , Pugacheva I. L. , Alper G. A. , Yudin V. A.
Published: July 2021

The modern views and approaches to the management of patients with precancerous conditions and changes in the gastric mucosa are analyzed. There are no national or international recommendations for the management of this category of patients. Several draft recommendations have been published over the past 10 years, but the most noteworthy are the so-called recommendations for the management of precancerous conditions and stomach lesions (2012 and 2019). Representatives of the European society of gastrointestinal endoscopy, the European group for the study of Helicobacter pylori and the microbiota of the European society of pathologists participated in the development of these recommendations. The recommendations are supported by a number of major studies in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine. The problem of oncological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract always remains one of the most significant unsolved problems of world health. Today, the issue of timely diagnosis of precancerous conditions is acute. They include harmless, at first glance, conditions that do not have pronounced symptoms, but bring significant inconvenience to the patients life. This is what allows precancerous conditions to progress, to transform from benign to malignant neoplasms. There is only one way to prevent the process of cancer formation: timely detection and treatment of precancerous diseases. This is one of the most important tasks of a General practitioner. The constant search for ways to solve the problem of cancer determines the choice of successful, timely tactics of patient management and its favorable outcome. The presented data can be used in practice by internists and gastroenterologists.
Optimal models for predicting the outcome of burns
Authors: Matveenko A. V.
Published: July 2021

Burn injury is a serious problem with high morbidity and mortality. Burn injury outcomes are the most important indicators of research results and an important criterion for decision making in clinical practice. The presence of dozens of prognostic techniques indicates the absence of an ideal model for predicting the outcome of burns, as evidenced by the need to validate them in each burn center. The use of prognosis models for clinical purposes allows you to determine the risk of mortality of an individual patient, that is, the severity of his condition. However, point scales do not allow to determine the severity of the condition of groups of patients. Moreover, the achievement of most of the stated goals of the forecast becomes impossible. A methodological error lies in the violation of the sequence of actions during the experiment. First of all, it is necessary to stratify research groups according to the severity of the condition, and only then study their characteristics. However, none of the known forecast models makes it possible to determine the severity of the condition of a group of patients, and, therefore, to stratify them for research purposes. Given the structure and methods of creating models of hope for multicenter randomized prospective studies, which are expected to improve their quality, are not justified. The criterion for creating the best model is its optimality, which allows forecasting to determine the severity of the condition in order to achieve maximum practical benefit. With its help, it becomes possible to plan experiments and solve real problems of combustiology. This model will allow you to create practical recommendations and standards for the treatment of burns.