bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rare filamin C variants among patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy referred for septal myectomy
Authors: Andreeva S. E. , Gurshchenkov A. V. , Zajcev V. V. , Kozyreva A. A. , Mihaleva A. I. , Murav'ev A. S. , Grebennik V. K. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Gordeev M. L. , Moiseeva O. M. , Kostareva A. A.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To determine the prevalence and profile of rare variants of the filamin C gene (FLNC) among patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HCM) referred for septal myectomy, and to provide a clinical description of HCM occurring with these variants.

Material and methods. Ninety-eight adult patients with HCM who underwent septal myectomy underwent genetic testing by next-generation sequencing using a targeted cardiac panel (39-gene panel in 58 patients and 17-gene panel in 40 patients). In patients with rare FLNC variants (with a minor allele frequency <0,01%), the data of anamnesis, echocardiography, electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, and myocardial histological examination were analyzed.

Results. Four patients with rare FLNC variants (two men and two women) were identified, which amounted to 4% (Pro1774Ser, Thr1317Pro and His1834Tyr, the latter was detected twice). These variants were missenses and classified as variants of uncertain clinical significance. The FLNC p.Thr1317Pro variant in one patient was combined with a pathogenic variant p.Val606Leu in MYH7 gene. All patients received diagnosis of HCM after age of 40 years. Clinical course was represented by mild symptoms of heart failure and class II stable angina. Episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation or clinically significant conduction block were not registered. One patient with p.His1834Tyr FLNC variant had reverse curve interventricular septum morphology, whereas other patients had predominant hypertrophy of basal segment of interventricular septum. Diastolic dysfunction did not exceed grade 1-2 in all four patients.

Conclusion. The clinical characteristics of carriers of rare FLNC variants in our study did not differ from the majority of patients with HCM who underwent septal myectomy. Rare FLNC variants can act as causative or modifying factors of HCM course. Functional and population-based studies using segregation analysis should clarify the pathogenicity of rare FLNC variants.
Identification of poor prognosis predictors in patients with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Kryuchkova N. M. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Chernova A. A. , Alyabyeva A. A. , Maksimov V. N.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To identify the predictors of poor prognosis in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE).

Material and methods. The study included 120 patients with verified PE. The analysis included the clinical evidence collection, paraclinical investigations (including echocardiography) and genetic analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to assess mortality predictors. Statistical data processing was performed using Excel 2019, SPSS Statistica v. 26 (IBM, USA), MedCalc v. 20.104 and JMP Pro 17 (SAS, USA) software.

Results. The following independent mortality predictors were identified using multivariate regression analysis: age (odds ratio (OR) 1,051, p=0,0002), prior venous thromboembolism (OR 2,090, p=0,0117), TT genotype of the F13A1 rs5985 polymorphism (OR 2,820, p=0,0427) and anteroposterior right ventricular size (OR 1,043, p=0,0294). Right ventricular wall hypokinesis (OR 5,040, p=0,0285), submassive pulmonary artery involvement (OR 2,714, p=0,0025), prior myocardial infarction (OR 2,839, p=0,0028) and other factors were significantly associated with an increased death risk. Based on these predictors, a prognostic model was developed that allows for effective stratification of the death risk.

Conclusion. The predictors identified in the study can be used for risk stratification and optimization of patient management with PE, which can improve the prognosis and treatment outcomes.
Genetic predictors of cardiovascular toxicity in oncohematological patients
Authors: Gimatdinova G. R. , Danilova O. E. , Davydkin I. L. , Milyutkina Yu. S. , Sustretov A. S. , Germanova O. A.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms reliably associated with cardiovascular toxicity in oncohematological patients receiving antitumor immunochemotherapy.

Material and methods. For the study, 34 patients with an established diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's B-cell follicular lymphoma were prospectively selected at the Clinic of the Samara State Medical University, who were indicated for antitumor immunochemotherapy according to the R-CHOP protocol. During the follow-up, the patients were divided into 2 following groups: the main group consisted of 12 patients with cardiovascular toxicity (mean age, 42,4 (2,8) years, including men — n=3 (25%)), the control group — 22 patients without cardiovascular toxicity (mean age, 39,8 (1,7), including men — n=8 (36%)). Cardiovascular toxicity was verified on the basis of a combination of specific cardiological complaints with a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction >10% from the baseline or in absolute terms less than 53% and/or a decrease in the left ventricular longitudinal systolic strain >12% from the baseline and/or an increase in NT-proBNP >125 pg/ml.

Results. The study presents the identified genetic features in oncohematological patients in the context of cardiovascular toxicity. ABCC5 rs1879257, PRKAG2 rs13224758, RYR2 rs10925391 and SLC22A7 rs414917 variants had a significant association with an increased risk of cardiovascular toxicity in the target group of patients by 5-6 times. In addition, the ABCB1 rs2032582 variant showed the opposite effect and was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular complications, having a protective effect on the cardiovascular system.

Conclusion. Although further studies are needed to confirm the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the detected genetic variants, the study results indicate the prospects of genetic screening before antitumor immunochemotherapy as a future tool for stratifying oncohematological patients and minimizing cardiovascular toxicity.
Somatometric characteristics of patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Authors: Tolstokorova Yu. A. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Chernova A. A.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To study the distribution of somatometric indicators and indices of patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.

Material and methods. All patients underwent following clinical and paraclinical investigations: electrocardiography (ECG), Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiography. In addition, we performed somatometric study according to the standard method of V.V. Bunak. The main group consisted of 200 patients with WPW syndrome (men, n=97 (32,6±9,4 years); women, n=103 (47,92±11,6 years)).

Results. Anthropometry performed according to James Tanner revealed that in the general group of WPW syndrome individuals, mesomorphs prevailed (57%). A similar pattern was observed both in the groups of women (25,5%) and men (31,5%). According to the Rees-Eysenck index, the general group of WPW syndrome individuals, normosthenics (37%) and pyknics (38%) prevailed. However, in the group of women, normosthenics prevailed (24%), and in the group of men, pyknics (23,5%). The relationship analysis using Pearson's chi-squared test revealed the following: in the group of women, the WPW syndrome was moderately correlated with the thigh fat fold (0,52), and in the group of men — with the abdominal fat fold (0,56).

Conclusion. Somatometric study, taking into account the indices (J. Tanner, Rees-Eysenck), confirms the relationship between the risk of cardiovascular diseases and overweight. This can be useful for taking preventive measures in relation to groups of people with certain anthropometric features, when assessing the risk of arrhythmias within the concept of personalized medicine.
Risk factors for non-adherence to oral anticoagulant therapy and the potential of their modification in patients with atrial fibrillation: a narrative literature review
Authors: Felikov I. M. , Kashtalap V. V.
Published: November 2024

Medication adherence is a key factor of effective stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. At the same time, patient compliance can significantly decrease over time, which leads to an increased thromboembolism risk. A number of studies have shown that a large number of patients receiving anticoagulant therapy are insufficiently adherent to therapy (according to various sources, from 30 to 50% of patients do not comply with the prescribed treatment regimen or interrupt therapy).

Independent risk factors for non-compliance include younger age, old age, prior stroke, male sex, multimorbidity, polypharmacy. The risk of decreased compliance with double drug intake compared to single one is noted separately.

The review aim is to study the risk factors for non-adherence to oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and possible measures for its prevention.
Chemical structure analysis of chitosan-modified road bitumen after de-icing salt treatment
Authors: Malinowski Szymon
Published: November 2024

Asphalt pavements are constantly exposed to many destructive environmental factors including de-icing salts. The problem of the negative effect of salt ions on the performance and consequently the durability of road pavements occurs mainly in temperate climates and regions directly neighboring saline water areas. The salt ions react chemically with the bitumen components, which consequently changes their electronic structure and results in a weakening of the intermolecular interactions occurring between them. Therefore, this study focused primarily on an investigation into the potential for inhibiting the destructive erosion process of bitumen by its modification with chitosan. Studies involving changes in the acidity of the eroding solution as well as chemical and surface properties of the eroded bitumen were carried out for three different salts (NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2) at varying concentrations, i.e. 5%, 10%, 15% (w/w) after 7 and 28 days of erosion process. Main findings demonstrate that chitosan prevents negative changes in the bitumen physico-chemical properties occurring during the salt erosion process. This effect is especially visible for the bitumen eroded with a solution of MgCl2 and CaCl2. For these salts, chitosan biopolymer reduces the introduction of Cl− ions into the bitumen-building hydrocarbon structures and formation of C–Cl bonds, which is demonstrated by a reduction in the pH changes of the eroding solutions. In addition, chitosan biopolymer inhibits leaching of organic matter from the bitumen, prevents C = O groups formation and reduces the negative effects of de-icing salts on the cohesion energy of the bitumen.
Editorial paper for special issues on the proceedings of the annual Imhotep seminar on functional empirical and residual processes and their applications
Authors: Kpanzou Tchilabalo Abozou , Lo Gane Samb
Published: November 2024

We briefly introduce this special issue of Afrika Statistika on the proceedings of the annual Imhotep seminar on functional empirical and residual processes and their applications.
Asymptotic representation of S-Gini index in the fep-lrfep and application
Authors: Kpatcha Esossolam , Kpanzou Tchilabalo Abozou , Ba Diam
Published: November 2024

In this paper we establish a general asymptotic representation (GAR) of the \(S\)-Gini index of inequality \(J(\nu), \ \nu\geq 2\), using the functional empirical process (fep) and the Lo's residual functional empirical process introduced by [Lo and Sall (2010a)] and [Lo and Sall (2010b)], abbreviated lrfep
EOG Region Detection using Fuzzy k-NN for Virtual Reality Applications
Authors: Güngör Emre , Serttaş Soydan
Published: November 2024

Virtual Reality (VR) systems have become widespread for a decade with the mass production of VR headsets. Advancement in the VR industry benefits both biomedical and computer gaming fields to create better Human-Computer Interface (HCI) applications. In this study, Electrooculogram (EOG) signals are studied on a calibrated A4 paper to simulate reading and tracking eye movement in different regions for VR user interface applications. For that reason, eye activity features from EOG are used to identify relative 2D spatial coordinates and classified with the fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor (fuzzy k-NN) method. Within the experimental setup, different behaviors such as blinking and depth focus change signals are recorded with constant depth regional borders are analyzed on an A4 paper with reading eye movement recordings. In experimental results, fuzzy k-NN classification results are obtained from observed regional eye movement. The study shows that the fuzzy k-NN method to detect regions at a reading distance is feasible for user interface applications in VR. So, by setting rendering focus at the detected regional area, eye strain can be reduced during prolonged VR sessions especially when reading and/or on user interfaces.
Stereotaxic Optic Fiber Implantation in Mice v1
Authors: H. Roth Richard , B. Ding Jun
Published: November 2024

This protocol describes a procedure to implant one or multiple optic fiber cannulae in mouse brains used for optical recording brain activity using fiber photometry or for optogenetic stimulation or inhibition of neuronal activity in mice performing behavioral tasks. Typically, this procedure is performed on mice expressing indicators for neuronal activity, such as GCaMP8, or opsins, such as Channelrhodopsin2, which were introduced through viral injection or transgenic expression.
Automated Extraction of Concentrated Wastewater Samples using Promega HT Environmental TNA Kit v1
Authors: Antkiewicz Dagmara , Roguet Adelaide , McCunn Ashlie
Published: November 2024

This protocol describes how to extract total nucleic acids (TNA) from viruses and bacteria concentrated from environmental samples such as wastewater, drinking water, surface and recreational waters. The resulting TNA is suitable for downstream molecular analyses. This method uses the KingFisherTM Flex automated system with the DNA/RNA extraction kit called Promega Maxwell‱ HT Environmental TNA Kit, AX9190.
Introduction of the Digital Gaming Relationship
Authors: Sokka Miikka , Ng Kwok , Kokko Sami , Koski Pasi
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in studying the appeal of digital games. However, there is still a call for further research, especially on the theoretical and methodological advancements. Hence, a novel approach and a concept of the Digital Gaming Relationship (DGR) is presented. The DGR model is adapted from earlier work on physical activity and with the central concept as “meaning,” it provides an alternative perspective to motivation-oriented literature for the field of game studies. With this approach, the fundamental view is that each person has a varying relationship with digital games and gaming over their life span. The relationship builds on the individual’s encounters with the social world of digital gaming and its cultural meanings. In the long term, accruing digital gaming-related knowledge, experiences, and emotional connections contributes to a rich tapestry of meaning, thus creating a deep and meaningful relationship capable of shaping one’s actions, behaviors, and even identity. The framework theorizes the mechanisms of an individual’s socialization process to the digital gaming world and illustrates that the relationship with digital games includes much more than just playing them. In this article, the theoretical roots and key concepts of the DGR are introduced, and the practical applicability of the approach is discussed.
Children’s Perspectives of Neighbourhood Spaces: Gender-Based Insights From Participatory Mapping and GIS Analysis
Authors: Ozbil Torun Ayse , Akın Ilayda Zelal , Bingol Heval , Defeyter Margaret Anne , Severcan Yucel Can
Published: November 2024

Although several urban design and planning features, such as community spaces, green infrastructure, and traffic measures that prioritise pedestrians and children, have been identified as important characteristics of child-friendly cities and neighbourhoods, there remains a gap in our understanding regarding the specific elements of children’s daily environments that influence their experiences. This study focuses on the everyday activity spaces of children (aged 9–12) living in physically and socially diverse neighbourhoods of low-to-average income in Ankara, Turkey. Drawing on findings from thematic and qualitative GIS-based analyses of 40 participatory map-based focus groups with 217 children, this study aims to understand how neighbourhood design influences children’s everyday experiences across different neighbourhood types and genders. By visualising children’s perceptions of their neighbourhoods and activity spaces, and thematically analysing their comments related to neighbourhood design features that may facilitate positive and negative experiences, this child-centred study contributes to the limited research on children’s experiences of place. Our findings revealed key neighbourhood design features influencing children’s experiences and highlighted gender-based differences. While natural settings were valued across settings and genders, boys reported more physical activities in open spaces while girls more frequently emphasised the need for accessible playgrounds and natural settings. Children in urban neighbourhoods frequented streets, parks, and local shops more often, while those in suburban and sprawling areas preferred amenities near their homes. The study demonstrates that children’s positive everyday experiences can be supported by modifying the neighbourhood design, providing valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers on developing more child-friendly neighbourhoods.
Epidemiological Studies on COVID-19 and Mental Health in Mexico: Better Methodology for Better results: a Literature Review
Authors: Borges Guilherme , Orozco Ricardo , Salas Brenda
Published: November 2024

Background. Updated information is required on studies conducted in Mexico on the mental health consequences of COVID-19. Objective. In comparison with previous efforts, we increased the timeframe of the literature search to February 2023 and used a larger list of potential mental health outcomes. Method. We used common international literature databases and more local databases, such as SciELO, and the Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). We focussed on the methodological issues of these studies, their prevalence estimates and suspected risk factors. Results. We reported on ninety-five studies that included Mexican data on symptoms of alcohol use, anxiety, depression, gaming, sleep problems and suicidal thoughts and behaviours. In most cases, we found a cross-sectional survey with self-reported information on mental health symptoms usually although not always with validated screening instruments and scales. These studies were implemented on websites, and sometimes over the phone, on self-selected volunteers. We found a small subset of fourteen longitudinal datasets (for alcohol use, anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts and behaviours) that suggested a more cautious interpretation of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Mexicans. Discussion and conclusion. Although the initial rapid studies during the early phases of the pandemic yielded warning signs, they did not necessarily follow standard epidemiological principles. Methodological improvements are required for future studies on the mental health consequences of natural, man-made disasters and epidemic contingencies.
The state of oncological care in Russia: malignant skin neoplasms (C44). Part 1. Prevalence, quality of accounting, age characteristics, localization, and histological structure (clinical-population study)
Authors: Merabishvili Vakhtang M. , Demidov Lev V. , Belyaev Alexey M. , Gafton Georgy I. , Samoilenko Igor V. , Perelygin Vladimir V.
Published: November 2024

This work represents a clinical-population study of the state of oncological care in Russia, focused on malignant skin neoplasms (C44). The study analyzes data on the prevalence of this disease, the quality of case accounting, age characteristics, and the localization and histological structure of tumors. The aim of this research is to continue the investigation into the patterns of prevalence of skin neoplasms (C44), assess the quality of primary accounting, and evaluate the impact of the coronavirus infection epidemic on analytical indicators of prevalence and patient survival. The conducted study confirmed the trend of increasing morbidity and decreasing mortality from skin neoplasms (C44) among the population of Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. A clear positive dynamics in the quality of accounting is observed. Special attention is given to the specifics of morbidity changes in neoplasms (C44) considering each age group of the population of Russia. At the population level, the age-specific mortality of patients is presented for each year of observation, analyzed in the context of five-year cohort groups. For the first time, a trend has been identified showing an increase in annual mortality from skin neoplasms (C44) after the sixth year of observation following the treatment of patients.
A clinical case of treatment of temporomandibular joints disease caused by occlusive disorders
Authors: Sharov A. M. , Oreshaka O. V. , Ganisik Anton V. , Dementyeva Elena A.
Published: November 2024

A method of treatment,described in this clinicalcase, isaimedateliminatingdisorders of occlusalrelationships of the dentition, (PatentNo.2797641dated06/07/2023) contributing to the normalization of TMJ functioning.
At the first stage of treatment, a repositioning occlusal splint was used, applied to all teeth of the lower jaw, which was being corrected for six months. This stage was considered completed on the basis of the following criteria: absence of the patient`s complaints and smooth movements of the mandible without deviations and clicks on objective examination, as well as formation of symmetrical graphs of the TMJ condyles movement on axiographic examination, an optimal location of the TMJ condyles on sagittal projections of MSCT and positive changes in the bioelectric activity of the masticatory muscles, towards higher and more symmetrical values on both sides.
Further treatment was carried out by an orthodontist with a non-removable technique,using a brace system. Wearing of the occlusal splint continued until the braces system was put on the teeth of the lowerjaw. It was then replaced by composite liningsin the projection of the firstmolars of the upperjaw.
Dynamicmonitoring of thepatientforhalf ayearafter the end of the treatment indicated remission of TMJ disease.
Normalization of occlusal relationships of dentitions in intact dentitions and small defects through splint therapy followed by the use of a brace systemis a minimally invasive andeffectivemethod of treatment TMJ diseases.
Retro and prospective analysis of complex treatment of a patient with a polyostotic form of osteoclastoma of the maxillofacial region: clinical observation
Authors: Rapekta S. I. , Astashina N. B. , Tursukova O. S. , Kibanova V. E.
Published: November 2024

In global literature there is not sufficient information on the course of the polyostotic form of osteoclastoma and methods of its treatment. For this reason, the analysis of this clinical case may be interesting for oncologists, maxillofacial surgeons and dentists of various specialties, who can reveal both the onset and recurrence of the disease. A characteristic feature of the course of this disease is the relapse of neoplasms with localization of foci in various parts of the upper and lower jaw.
A clinical case of polyostotic form of jaw osteoclastoma and patient`s management tactics from 2006 to 2024 are described in the article. The disease was first diagnosed in 2006, when a neoplasm was revealed in the right part of the lower jaw. The neoplasm was removed by resection and mandibular defect was replaced by a carbon implant with further prosthesis.
In 2011 a new neoplasm was detected on the left side in the frontal part of the upper jaw. At the same time a relapse of the disease was diagnosed with a new tumor focus in the lower jaw on the right. Surgical treatment was performed. Firstly, the neoplasm in the frontal area of the upper jaw was removed with replacement of the defect with a resection prosthesis. And secondly, a removal of the tumor on the lower jaw with resection of the chin within healthy tissues and replacement of the defect with an implant made of carbon-carbon material "Uglecon M" were performed.
In 2023 the patient was invited to the dental hospital of the Clinical Multidisciplinary Medical Center of E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University for dispensary observation and evaluation of the results of the treatment.
The obtained results indicate the need for medical follow-up of patients after surgery for osteoblastoclastoma. The effectiveness of jaw implants made of carbon-carbon composite material " Uglecon M" was proved as well.
Study of anti-inflammatory activity and acute toxicity indicators of new silver salt of pyrazole-3-carboxamide
Authors: Rudakova Irina P. , Novikova V. V. , Bobrovskaya O. V. , Gein V. L.
Published: November 2024

Objective. To study the anti-inflammatory activity and some toxicological indicators of the new derivative of pyrazole-3-carboxamide SSP.
Materials and methods. To assess the biological activity of the compound, its anti-inflammatory effect was studied in the model of acute inflammatory edema caused by sub-plantar injection of carrageenan solution into a rat`s hind leg. The duration effect was assessed by the intensity of suppression of the inflammatory response in relation to the control level. In order to study the safety of the substance, the local irritant effect was determined when applied cutaneously in the experiments on rats. The severity of the irritant effect was assessed by the erythema degree, the amount of edema and the increase in local skin temperature. In addition, acute toxicity of the substance under study was determined. The test compound and reference drugs were applied to the skin.
Results. The study of acute toxicity of the compound SSP and the reference drug nystatin when applied cutaneously to rats showed that LD50 of both substances was more than 2500,0 mg/kg. Indicators of the degree of local irritating effect of the drugs demonstrate its absence. At the same time, the studied SSP compound has no anti-inflammatory effect administered either orally or cutaneously.
Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to classify the new silver salt of pyrazol-3-carboxamide SSP as a class 5 non-toxic substance. The studied SSP compound has no local irritant effect and does not demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan inflammation model.
Valery Aleksandrovich Chereshnev – organizer of the immunological service in the Western Urals
Authors: Blagonravova A. S. , Utochkin Yu. A. , Chesnokova Anna S. , Starkova E. V.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Valery Aleksandrovich Chereshnev, a Russian scientist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, known for his works in the field of immunology and pathophysiology. V.A. Chereshnev began his career at Perm State Medical Institute, where he continued his postgraduate studies after graduating with honors. In 1970, he defended his PhD thesis on the topic “On the role of the properties of microbial cells and macroorganisms in the mechanism of development of an early phagocytic reaction to the introduction of typhoid vaccine”. In 1982, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “Closed chest injury in combination with gamma irradiation (clinic, pathogenesis, treatment, medical protection).” He worked as a lecturer and professor in various educational institutions, and also headed scientific laboratories. In 1988, he became the director of the Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and then organized a branch in Yekaterinburg, which was later transformed into the Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where he also became the director. Valery Aleksandrovich was elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the Committee on Science and High Technologies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. In addition, he was elected President of the Russian Scientific Society of Immunologists, organized the Society of Immunologists of the Urals. Currently he is actively developing immunological services in the Western Urals.
Mediterranean diet as an element of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Belyaeva Yu. N. , Terekhina E. S. , Polidanov M. A. , Yakupova D. R. , Adziyeva Kh. A. , Gapizova R. M. , Kusakina O. V. , Magomedova N. R. , Volkov K. A. , Ponomar A. M. , Luzhnov N. A. , Skvortsov N. G.
Published: November 2024

Currently, the issues of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases are still relevant, as cardiovascular pathology remains one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in all developed countries of the world. In the Russian Federation there is a high incidence of the diseases of the circulatory system, so they have the top priority among health problems, despite a slight decrease in morbidity in recent years. The main purpose of this review is to study the experience of applying the Mediterranean diet and its components in therapy and prevention of cardiovascular pathology. Research method: we searched electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Science Direct and eLIBRARY.RU using the following terms: "Mediterranean diet", "cardiovascular diseases", "prevention of cardiovascular diseases", "diet therapy of cardiovascular diseases". On the basis of numerous world clinical studies analysis, it can be assumed that the Mediterranean diet is one of the most reliable and well-studied in terms of prevention of cardiovascular pathology. The aim of this review is to draw the attention of the medical community to such a long-known, extensively studied, scientifically confirmed, accessible and simple way of rationalizing daily nutrition as the consumption of elements of the Mediterranean diet in the daily one. Further wide informing of patients about this way of nutrition from different specialists (general practitioners, cardiologists, nutritionists, gerontologists and others) is required.
Influence of intestinal microbiota on the metabolism of main cardiotropic drugs
Authors: Stepanov M. S.
Published: November 2024

The intestinal microbiota is one of the most important pathogenetic links in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Every year the world scientific community finds new interactions at the level of signaling molecules, metabolites and microorganisms, identifying more and more patterns and cause-and-effect relationships which indicate the commonality of the intestinal microbiota (GM) and cardiovascular diseases. The state of the host's intestinal community, its qualitative and quantitative composition, directly and indirectly affects the fundamental pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Despite the fact that there are scientifically based methods of treatment, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in the world. This phenomenon is partly due to wide variations in individual response to cardiovascular drugs. The pharmacological effects of cardiotropic drugs are quite different even within groups of patients comparable in age and gender. Every year intestinal microbiota is more and more evident to be responsible for this intraspecific variability.
Gut microbes influence drug metabolism in several pharmacokinetic ways, and conversely, drugs can have significant effects on the microbiome and therefore pharmacodynamic processes. Drugs can alter the gut microenvironment and microbial metabolism, influence bacterial growth, thereby changing the composition and functions of the microbial community.
One of the most important functions of GM, related to “intestinal-cardiovascular system”, is participation in the metabolism of major cardiotropic medications, such as digoxin, statins, ezetimibe, antithrombotic drugs, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), beta blockers (BB), gliflozins and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
Possibility of enteral tube feeding in severe surgical pathology
Authors: Idrisov R. I. , Simakova Inna V. , Kapralov S. V. , Polidanov M. A. , Strizhevskaya V. N. , Krivosheev S. I. , Simakova M. A. , Bucharskaya A. B. , Volkov K. A. , Pashutina Vasilisa D. , Egorova L. V. , Vysotsky L. I. , Abramov A. M.
Published: November 2024

Objective. To study the possibility of using new GASTROAXILIUM mixtures in complex therapy of patients with severe surgical abdominal pathology.
Materials and methods. The study of characteristics of the developed mixtures was carried out by standard and non-standard methods in an accredited laboratory. Clinical studies were conducted in accordance with the Procedure for conducting studies of the effectiveness of specialized dietary therapeutic and dietary preventive food products. Statistical processing was carried out using analysis of variance.
Results. GASTROAXILIUM, specialized food product for tube feeding developed by the specialists of the Research and Production Center for Healthy Nutrition Technologies of Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, differs from foreign ones in its technological solutions. In the main group a statistically significant reduction in the duration of postoperative intestinal paresis was noted, both in planned and emergency surgeries, in contrast to the comparison group.
Conclusions. We consider that the results of the use of daily nutritional complex of oligomeric dry mixtures for enteral nutrition GASTROAXILIUM are in agreement with the literature data, they will successfully complement the scientific data on the necessity for nutritional support and will play an important role in improving the quality of treatment of patients with severe postoperative abdominal pathologies.
Reduced Injection Rates and Shallower Depths Mitigated Induced Seismicity in Oklahoma
Authors: Skoumal Robert J. , Barbour Andrew J. , Rubinstein Justin L. , Glasgow Margaret E.
Published: November 2024

The proximity of wastewater disposal to the Precambrian basement is a critical factor influencing induced earthquake rates in the Central United States, but the impact of reducing injection depths has not been widely demonstrated. Beginning in 2015, state regulatory efforts in Oklahoma and Kansas mandated that wells injecting into the lower Arbuckle Group, a basal sedimentary unit, be backfilled with cement (i.e., “plugged back”) so that they inject into shallower formations. This plug back activity gives us a unique opportunity to investigate the relationship between injection depth and induced seismicity rate. To evaluate the impact that decreased injection rates and plug backs had on the seismicity rates, we created a suite of rate–state earthquake models. Observed seismicity rates are best fit when only lower Arbuckle volumes are considered, suggesting the lower Arbuckle injectors were primarily responsible for the seismicity and that plug backs were effective at isolating the injected volumes to shallower formations. Our models demonstrate that if these wells had not been plugged back, seismicity rates would be multiple times larger than they are today. We find that the combination of well plug backs and injection volume decreases can be an effective strategy for reducing induced seismicity rates.
Exploring Biokinetics of Metal-Ion Release in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors:   , Seybold Hope Emily , Kurtz Steven M.
Published: November 2024

Total knee arthroplasty is a common treatment option for patients suffering from degenerative osteoarthritis. However, the patient satisfaction rate of this procedure remains a concern. The release of metal ions from the metallic implant materials can lead to adverse health effects in patients. Investigating this release of metal ions into the body may help assess health risks associated with these implants. The aim of this study is to further understand the kinetics of chromium ion release following total knee arthroplasty implantation through the development and validation of a biokinetic model. The biokinetic model developed in this study is a first-order compartmental model that outlines the transfer of chromium ions from the total knee arthroplasty implant into the body through transfer coefficients and derived equations. The transfer coefficients implemented in this model are based on existing literature and experimental data. The model was calibrated by adjusting dosing parameters to optimize the model predictions in comparison to empirical measurements of chromium concentrations in the joint capsule tissues and the blood. Verification testing of this model was conducted to assess the model's ability to predict chromium concentrations over a 15-year period following total knee arthroplasty surgery. The development of the biokinetic model provides insights into the kinetics of chromium ions in the body following total knee arthroplasty and may be helpful as a tool for assessing the health risks associated with orthopedic implants. Future research directions are identified to enhance the model's predictive capabilities and clinical utility.
Pengaruh Lama Waktu Penggunaan Alat Pembersih Terhadap Kemurnian Benih Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. Saccharata)
Authors: Hayati Berlina Nur , Wijayanto Budi , Astuti Siti
Published: November 2024

Abstrak. Penggunaan alat pembersih tentunya memiliki kecepatan pembersihan yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan cara manual menggunakan tampi. Namun penggunaan alat pembersih terbukti masih menyisakan kotoran yang tidak seharusnya tercampur lagi dengan benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu penggunaan alat pembersih terhadap kemurnian benih jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2023 di UD Agro Nusantara Prima, Sewon, Kabupaten Bantul dan Laboratorium Teknologi Benih Kampus Polbangtan Jurusan Pertanian, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial dengan menggunakan faktor frekuensi pembersihan yaitu frekuensi pembersihan menggunakan tampi, frekuensi pembersihan menggunakan alat sebanyak satu kali, dua kali, tiga kali, empat kali, dan lima kali. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan pengujian sidik ragam ANOVA dengan taraf 1% dan 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dapat dilanjutkan menggunakan uji lanjut BNT dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu hasil kerja pembersihan benih menggunakan alat sebesar 99,64% berbeda nyata dengan efisiensi pembersihan menggunakan tampi sebesar 97,67%. Frekuensi pembersihan dengan alat sebanyak satu kali merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk menghasilkan benih murni sebesar 99,48%. The Effect Of Length Time Cleaning Tools Usage On The Pure Of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. Saccharata) SeedsAbstract. The use of cleaning tools certainly has a faster cleaning speed compared to the manual method using tampi. However, the use of cleaning tools is proven to still leave dirt that should not be mixed again with seeds. This study aims to determine the effect of the time of using cleaning tools on the purity of sweet corn seeds. This research was conducted in March 2023 at UD Agro Nusantara Prima, Sewon, Bantul Regency and Seed Technology Laboratory of Polbangtan Campus, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted with a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using the cleaning frequency factor, namely the frequency of cleaning using tampi, the frequency of cleaning using tools once, twice, three times, four times, and five times. The results of the study were analyzed using ANOVA variance testing at the 1% and 5% levels and if there is a real effect, further test can be carried out of using the BNT with a level of 5%. The results showed that the working time of seed cleaning using a tool of 99.64% was significantly different from the efficiency of cleaning using tampi of 97.67%. The frequency of cleaning with the tool once is the best treatment to produce pure seeds of 99.48%.
Prediksi Konduktivitas Hidrolik Jenuh (Ks) Menggunakan Fungsi Pedoftransfer di Lahan Kering Kabupaten Sumbawa
Authors: Ayu Ieke Wulan , Mechram Siti , Soemarno Soemarno
Published: November 2024

Abstrak. Konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh (Ks) adalah parameter kunci untuk perencanaan irigasi, drainase, pemodelan limpasan permukaan dan fenomena erosi di daerah yang terbentuk oleh tanah.  Pengukuran Ks di laboratorium membutuhkan biaya dan waktu yang lama sehingga menggunakan model pedotransfer (PTF) menjadi alternatif pilihan yang dapat digunakan dalam menentukan parameter hidrofisika tanah secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi  nilai konduktivitas  hidrolik  jenuh  tanah (Ks) di lahan kering  Kabupaten Sumbawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan bulan Maret 2021 sampai dengan Agustus 2022 di  Desa Jotang dan Desa Ongko, Kecamatan Empang, dan Desa Brora Kecamatan Lape, Kabupaten Sumbawa, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan deskriptif komparatif terhadap karakter sifat fisika dan kimia tanah melalui pengambilan sampel tanah tidak terganggu menggunakan ring sampel untuk analisis tanah, serta perakitan file input dan simulasi menggunakan program model Soil, Plant, Atmosphere, Water Field and Pond Hydrology Model (SPAW) Version 6.02.75. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai Ks pada lokasi penelitian 0,10-0,40 in/jam. Penentuan Ks di lahan kering dapat menggunakan metode PTFs dengan masukan parameter minimal yaitu tekstur tanah (pasir dan liat), dan bahan organik. Prediction of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (Ks) Using Pedoftransfer Function in Drylands of Sumbawa Regency Abstract. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is a key parameter for irrigation planning, drainage, modeling of surface slip and erosion phenomena in areas formed by soil.  Measuring Ks in the laboratory is costly and time-consuming so using a pedotransfer model (PTF) is an alternative option that can be used in determining soil hydrophysical parameters quickly. This study aims to predict the value of soil-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) in the dry land of Sumbawa district. The research was carried out from March 2021 to August 2022 in Jotang Village and Ongko Village, Empang District, and Lape District Brora Village, Sumbawa District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The research method uses comparative descriptive designs to characterize soil physical and chemical properties through uninterrupted soil sampling using sample rings for soil analysis, as well as assembly of input files and simulations using Soil, Plant, Atmosphere, Water Field and Pond Hydrology Model (SPAW) Version 6.02.75. The results of the analysis showed that the Ks value at the study site was 0.10-0.40 in/hour. Determination of Ks in dry soil can be done using PTFs method with input of minimum parameters namely soil texture (sand and clay), and organic material.
Nutrition Training in Medical Education Among Family Medicine Residents in North Carolina
Authors: Sykes Jeannie , Cassidy-Vu Lisa , Richter Scott , Parker Michael , Eniola Kehinde
Published: November 2024

Background

This study surveyed family medicine residents in North Carolina regarding the state of nutrition education in their residency training. In addition, the survey explored comfort levels with, and attitudes about, discussing nutrition with patients.

Methods

We administered an online questionnaire to family medicine residents in North Carolina (n = 384) asking about their history of nutrition training and their current attitudes about nutrition. The 24-item survey included both Yes and No and Likert-scale responses.

Results

All but one resident had received formal or informal nutrition training during their medical education. Residents overwhelmingly considered nutrition to be an important component of health care, although a majority felt physicians are inadequately trained in nutrition. Feeling comfortable discussing nutrition with patients regarding specific health conditions varied from 45% (gastrointestinal concerns) to 94% (cardiovascular disease) or 95% (diabetes) among residents.

Limitations

The volunteer sampling method used in the study may limit generalizability of the study findings to a broader population of family medicine residents. In addition, precisely defining “formal” and “informal” nutrition training on the survey questionnaire would help to clarify the role of nutrition education in shaping resident attitudes and practices.

Conclusion

This study shows that family medicine residents recognize the importance of nutrition education but do not feel adequately trained to provide it to patients. Given the abundance of evidence linking nutrition and health as well as an apparent interest among family medicine residents in nutrition education, this study supports the integration of nutrition training in medical education. Suggestions for how to accomplish this objective are provided.
High Rates of Obesity and Chronic Diseases Among North Carolina United Methodist Clergy: An Updated Analysis
Authors: Lee Bo-Hyeong Jane , Yao Jia , Ramcharitar-Bourne Anisa , Proeschold-Bell Rae Jean
Published: November 2024

Background

Varied demands and stressors experienced by clergy can contribute adversely to their overall well-being. Data from United Methodist Church (UMC) clergy in North Carolina in 2008 revealed that clergy had significantly higher non-communicable disease (NCD) rates than their fellow North Carolinians.

Methods

Using data from the Clergy Health Initiative and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, the present study provided an updated analysis of obesity and 6 other NCDs among North Carolina UMC clergy compared to the general North Carolina population. First, we described the prevalence of each health condition among North Carolina UMC clergy and the general North Carolina population across multiple waves from 2008 to 2021. Then, we compared the predicted probabilities of each health condition in 2021 using logistic regressions to adjust for age, sex, and race.

Results

Comparing the unadjusted prevalence of health conditions between 2008 and 2021, we found that North Carolina UMC clergy have higher rates of obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, angina, arthritis, and asthma than North Carolinians overall. Adjusting for age, sex, and race, we found that significantly higher rates of obesity, severe obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and asthma persisted among UMC clergy in 2021 compared to all North Carolinians, with the higher rates of severe obesity being particularly concerning.

Limitations

While the current study is limited to an update of health prevalence among UMC clergy, pastors across denominations are influential leaders in their communities, shaping the physical and social health environments of their congregations.

Conclusions

Further research is needed to investigate risk factors, such as relocation and adverse childhood experiences, which may influence the higher prevalence of NCDs within and potentially beyond the UMC.