bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Appraisal of the Potential Impacts of Covid-19 on Tourism in Nigeria
Authors: E.D. Oruonye , Y.M. Ahmed
Published: April 2020

The outbreak and spread of covid-19 disease has resulted in countries of the world placing travel restrictions and closure of their borders to movements to and from other countries. The tourism industry is one of the sectors that would be greatly affected. Data for the study was generated from desk review of secondary materials, online blogs and interview through social media chat. Findings of the study reveal that the outbreak and spread of covid-19 disease led to rapid shutdowns in cities and states across the country, which greatly affected the tourism industry. Industries in the tourism sector such as airlines, hotels, entertainment and hospitality industries are facing declining demand and patronage with travel crashes and cancellations expected to continue. The increased cancellations of hotels and travel bookings resulted in billions of dollars in revenue loss and hundreds of thousands of job loss in the country. The findings of the study reveal that covid-19 is already worsening the unemployment situations in the country, resulting in loss of substantial revenue to the government, increasing incidence of poverty among others. Based on the findings, the study recommends the need for diversification priorities to alternative sectors such as tourism and agriculture and compensation to business operators in the tourism and other critical sector.
Наноструктура белковых кристаллов бактерий Brevibacillus laterosporus
Authors: Зубашева М.В. , Смирнов Ю.А. , Смирнова Т.А. , Азизбекян Р.Р. , Жуковицкий В.Г. , Яминский И.В.
Published: April 2020

В работе представлена информация о бактерии B. laterosporus, способной образовывать белковые кристаллы, токсичные для некоторых насекомых, что делает данные кристаллы безопасным и экологичным средством для борьбы с москитами. Исследована тонкая структура белковых кристаллов, приведены экспериментальные данные о полученных изображениях методом электронной микроскопии.
Выставка "Климат-2020": обзор оборудования для чистых помещений
Authors: Алёшин А.Н.
Published: April 2020

Выставка "Климат-2020" собрала ведущих производителей оборудования для климат-систем, кондиционирования, вентиляции и чистых помещений. Мы освещаем оборудование для чистых помещений, представленное на выставке, и беседуем с представителями компаний, заявивших о себе на этом сегменте рынка.
Биобезопасность нанопрепаратов при применении в животноводстве и птицеводстве
Authors: Капустин Р.Ф. , Тарасов М.Б. , Погорельский И.П. , Хачко В.И. , Цыбульников С.И.
Published: April 2020

Созданы нанопрепараты "Скай-Форс", "Пентациклин", "Рифомаст" и "Эндосупер" с ранее недостижимыми свойствами. Новые свойства и способы их получения определяются уникальными свойствами наночастиц и особенностями операций с ними.
НОЦ ФМН запатентовал технологии создания плазмонных нанолазеров с уникальными характеристиками
Authors: Родионов И.А.
Published: April 2020

В НОЦ Функциональные микро/наносистемы МГТУ им. Н.Э.Баумана и ФГУП "ВНИИА им. Н.Л.Духова" получены патенты на многоэтапную технологию изготовления плазмонных лазеров (спазеров) и биосенсоров. Новый метод – прорывное решение в плазмонике, позволяющее создать спазер с рекордными спектральными характеристиками и биосенсор рекордной чувствительности.
Validación de la escala de liderazgo en Pymes para la industria alimentaria
Authors: Martínez Navarro Martha Leticia , Laborín Álvarez Jesús Francisco , Salazar Solano Vidal
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas y discriminantes de la escala de liderazgo en micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas de la rama económica de panadería y tortilla, con la finalidad de contribuir en la identificación de los factores de disolución y permanencia de éstas en Hermosillo, Sonora. Método: a través de un diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo correlacional y una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 180 participantes de la población de estudio, se efectuó un análisis factorial exploratorio con rotación Oblimín, análisis discriminante múltiple y prueba de hipótesis. Resultados: se corroboró una estructura multidimensional para el constructo de liderazgo con fiabilidad y validez discriminante. El análisis mostró igualdad de las matrices de covarianzas entre grupos, con alta significancia y diferencias entre las poblaciones de tortillerías y panaderías. Limitaciones: los resultados evidencian validez y confiabilidad para la rama económica específica de la industria alimentaria. Sin embargo, estos pueden ser diferentes en otras poblaciones o sectores económicos. Principales hallazgos: contribuye en la aportación de una escala válida y confiable de liderazgo para Pymes y una tipología de estas poblaciones en la industria alimentaria.
El lugar del arte. Reflexiones sobre conceptos para obras arquitectónicas destinadas al arte contemporáneo
Authors: Gallardo Frías Laura
Published: April 2020

El objetivo del artículo es reflexionar sobre el lugar del arte contemporáneo. Se propone revisar diferentes definiciones de museos y centros de arte, así como múltiples tipologías arquitectónicas vinculadas. Una vez abierto el horizonte de significaciones, se pasa a distintas reflexiones sobre las relaciones entre los conceptos de lugar y arte contemporáneo. Más adelante, se despliega una estrategia metodológica multidisciplinaria y multimétodo que permite el estudio de cinco casos de obras arquitectónicas emblemáticas destinadas al arte contemporáneo en Santiago de Chile, donde se muestra el resultado de diversos factores en función de cuatro dimensiones: histórica, urbana, arquitectónica y sociocultural. En la discusión se analizan los principales factores a considerar tanto en el análisis como en la proyectación de obras arquitectónicas destinadas al arte contemporáneo. Se concluye con la síntesis de con-ceptos que llevan a una definición del lugar del arte contemporáneo.
El espacio participativo y la espectaduría en el museo. Una problemática y una respuesta sobre el uso del espacio expositivo actual
Authors: Mouratidis Ioannis
Published: April 2020

El espacio no es un simple escenario donde se depositan cosas y hechos sino una entidad autónoma construida socialmente. El arte actual crea espacios donde desarrollarse, con el objetivo de fomentar el surgimiento de relaciones en ellos. El presente artículo parte de esa idea de reconsideración del espacio artístico y su importancia en el desarrollo de relaciones estéticas y sociales para ver cómo el museo puede aplicarla en la renovación de su espacio expositivo. Al tener presentes las perspectivas teóricas sobre la construcción social del espacio y relacionando la construcción espacial de ciertas experiencias artísticas participativas de principios del siglo XX con algunas realizaciones presentadas en la última edición de documenta, se propone investigar las articulaciones espaciales de esas experiencias con su forma de exposición. El tema deeste artículo es cómo pasar de un espacio museístico representacional, construido de forma historicista, lineal, nacionalista y exclusiva, a un espacio expositivo participativo de autoría compartida que represente una ciudadanía cambiante.
El retablo mayor de la Abadía del Sacro Monte de Granada y su conjunto escultórico de Domingo Cabrera (1746-1748). Datación, documentación y contextualización histórica
Authors: Valverde Tercedor José María
Published: April 2020

En el presente artículo aporto datos documentales inéditos del retablo mayor levantado, a partir de 1746, en la Abadía Sacro Monte de Granada (España), una institución contrarreformista fundada en 1610. Entre ellos destaca su autoría, al desconocido imaginero Domingo Cabrera, así como la evolución del proceso de su hechura y colocación, y su contextualización histórica. Ésta se enmarca dentro de los conocidos como “defensorios”, los cuales son una serie de textos que tenían como principal función restituir el prestigio del Sacro Monte, puesto en duda a partir de la condena como heréticos de los misteriosos libros plúmbeos que le dieron origen. Asimismo estaban estrechamente ligados a unos nuevos descubrimientos, que acontecieron en la Alcazaba Qadima, del barrio del Albaicín, a mediados del siglo XVIII, impulsados por Luis Francisco de Viana y Bustos, uno de los principales promotores del retablo.
COMPETITIVIDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS CIDADES: BREVES COMENTÁRIOS SOBRE A COMPETITIVIDADE, PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO E SEUS EFEITOS NO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO
Authors: Cardozo Fernando Alves Cantini , De Castro Júnior Flávio Bittencourt , Müller Cláudio José
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho visa abordar a conceituação de competitividade no âmbito de cidades como organizações e como se compõe este conceito na realidade das cidades em tempos atuais. Para tanto, analisa-se como a gestão pública e a gestão do desenvolvimento urbano se relacionam na criação de ambientes propícios a um desenvolvimento sustentável. São abordados como conceitos de eficiência e inovação devem ser incorporados ao planejamento estratégico de cidades, de modo a direcioná-las ao desenvolvimento sustentável e ao posicionamento como smart cities (cidades inteligentes). Vê-se que em diversos aspectos o gerenciamento e planejamento de cidades se assemelha ao de demais organizações e, consequentemente, dado um adequado posicionamento, possui potencial para otimização e busca por logística, sustentabilidade e recursos financeiros, humanos e energéticos.
Providing a “peaceful death” in the twenty-first century
Authors: Sarwar Evangel
Published: April 2020

Advances in medical technology have not only raised our expectations that medicine can perform miracles and keep us alive; it has also raised conflicts in allowing death to take its natural course. Many dilemmas are faced by physicians as well as families in end-of-life care and relieving the suffering. Ethical dilemmas about how to ensure individuals with terminal illness/end-of-life experience a “peaceful death,” when the meaning and perception of death has changed due to technology? In the past, death was expected and accepted, with rituals. Today, death has been reduced to an unheard phenomenon - shameful and forbidden. The advances in technology brought with it a change in culture of medicine from caring to curing, where medicine is expected to heal any disease. This advance has also acted as a double-edged sword, where longer lives come at the price of greater suffering, illness, and higher costs. While most Americans want to die at home, surrounded by loved ones - the “medicalization” of death does not allow the natural course of death to take place. Although recent studies indicate that more Americans are dying at home, most people still die in hospital beds – alone. This paper looks at the transition that took place in the concept of death and dying, and the impacts of technology, and makes suggestions for facilitating a “peaceful death” in the twenty-first century.
O Consórcio Brasileiro de Cinema, a distribuidora da Embrafilme e o comércio de filmes brasileiros para o exterior
Authors: Freire Rafael de Luna
Published: April 2020

Este ensaio apresenta e contextualiza o texto que estou chamando de "Histórico da Distribuidora da Embrafilme", escrito por Gustavo Dahl, provavelmente em 1985, acessado em documento originalmente datilografado, que foi transcrito para essa publicação.
Para uma leitura do espaço em João César Monteiro
Authors: Camacho Costa Pedro
Published: April 2020

Nos filmes de João César Monteiro, é estabelecida uma nítida oposição entre espaço urbano e não-urbano, ou, como propomos, entre um espaço repressivo e um espaço mítico. Analisando os seus filmes, e tendo em conta as várias dimensões que a noção de sagrado tem no universo do cineasta, mostraremos como se realiza essa oposição e qual o seu peso para uma leitura de conjunto da obra. O texto divide-se em cinco partes: 1) uma breve introdução ao tema; 2) uma exposição sobre o que entendemos por espaço mítico, recorrendo ao conceito de mito em Mircea Eliade; 3) um esclarecimento sobre o espaço repressivo, tendo em conta a noção de transgressão em Georges Bataille e de impuro em Roger Caillois, bem como a ideia de dispositivo de poder em Michel Foucault; 4) uma secção mais longa em que discorremos sobre a noção de criação-resistência, e em que mostramos que Monteiro faz do seu alter-ego, João de Deus, o criador absoluto do universo-cinema, resistindo a mecanismos repressivos, como o panóptico; 5) breves considerações finais em que nos interrogamos sobre a possibilidade de regressar ao espaço do mito.
O Cinema e a Cidade no Portugal Europeu
Authors: Liz Mariana
Published: April 2020

“Portugal não é um país pequeno”, afirmava a propaganda política do Estado Novo – o regime autoritário que governou a nação entre 1933 e 1974. A justificação visual para este tipo de afirmação resultava da junção do território geográfico de Portugal com o espaço ocupado num mapa-mundo pelo território das colónias portuguesas na Ásia e em África. Uma vez caído o regime, e com ele o controlo português sobre as suas “províncias ultramarinas”, surgiu um grande vazio na imagem que Portugal tinha de si mesmo. Depois de 1974, Portugal encontrou na Europa não só uma oportunidade para desenvolver importantes reformas, mas também um espaço geográfico a incorporar, e, ao mesmo tempo, onde projetar, a sua imagem nacional. A transformação cultural resultante desta passagem da era colonial para o período de integração Europeia é claramente visível no cinema português das últimas décadas. Este ensaio questiona a capacidade deste cinema poder ser visto como “cinema Europeu”, e, ao mesmo tempo, o modo como este se posiciona, assim como ao país que representa, como Europeu. Os exemplos analisados são Lisbon Story (Wim Wenders, 1994) e Porto da Minha Infância (Manoel de Oliveira, 2001), dois filmes produzidos para celebrar cidades portuguesas nomeadas Capitais Europeias da Cultura.
Não basta vencer em múltiplos domínios: conjecturas sobre a nova doutrina do Exército dos Estados Unidos e os conflitos na zona cinza
Authors: Visacro Alessandro
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo oferece uma breve análise dos novos desafios impostos às forças armadas dos EUA, diante de inimigos dotados de poderio bélico equiparado. Uma abordagem ortodoxa da nova doutrina do Exército norte-americano, denominada Operações em Múltiplos Domínios, pode contribuir para o insucesso nos níveis político e estratégico, ainda que lhes assegure a vitória tática no campo de batalha.
An analysis of the relation between enterprise risk management (ERM) information disclosure and traditional risk measures in the US banking sector
Authors: Gouiaa Raef , Zéghal Daniel , El Aoun Meriem
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this article is to validate the quality and the relevance of enterprise risk management (ERM) information disclosure by analyzing the relation between the different dimensions of ERM disclosed in the annual report and the traditional measures of risk in the US banking sector. We use content analysis to measure ERM dimensions and a correlation analysis to document the links between risk exposure, consequences, and strategies (Aebi, Sabato, & Schimd, 2012), and the traditional measures of risk (Schnatterly, Clark, Howe, & DeVaughn, 2019) disclosed in the annual reports from 2006 to 2009. We then separately make the analysis for the period before and after the crisis to identify any effect of the crisis on ERM information’s ability to predict and reflect the banking sector’s traditional risk (Maingot, Quon, & Zéghal, 2018). Our results reveal the overall validity of ERM information in assessing traditional risk measures through a significant correlation between ERM exposure, consequences and strategies, and most of the traditional measures of risk. Finally, we confirmed the relevance and the robustness of our results through a portfolio analysis approach. This research sheds new light on the relevance of ERM information by introducing a new framework and a new methodology for assessing the validity of this information within the banking sector, where risk management plays a vital role. The results are potentially useful for banks regulators as well as for producers and users of the information on banking risks.
Molecular detection of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from a clinical case of myiasis wound: a case report
Authors: Mishra Pravin , Mahmud Md. Muket , Shahid Md. Ahosanul Haque , Hasan Alamgir , Yadav Vivek Kumar , Hasan Moinul
Published: April 2020

Resistance of antibiotic to organisms is the matter of global concern.
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is
rapidly increasing in both human and animals. A 2.5-year-old indigenous
calf brought with myiasis wound and bacteria associated with myiasis
wound was studied and further molecular detection confirms the presence
MRSA.
Clinical orthodontic management during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Suri Sunjay , Vandersluis Yona R. , Kochhar Anuraj S. , Bhasin Ritasha , Abdallah Mohamed-Nur
Published: April 2020

Objectives

To provide a comprehensive summary of the implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on orthodontic treatment, contingency management, and provision of emergency orthodontic treatment, using currently available data and literature.

Materials and Methods

Orthodontically relevant sources of information were searched using electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar and current reports from major health bodies such as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, and major national orthodontic associations.

Results

Where available, peer-reviewed and more recent publications were given priority. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of COVID-19 and limitations in quality of evidence, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Relevant to orthodontics, human-to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs predominantly through the respiratory tract via droplets, secretions (cough, sneeze), and or direct contact, where the virus enters the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, and eyes. The virus can remain stable for days on plastic and stainless steel. Most infected persons experience a mild form of disease, but those with advanced age or underlying comorbidities may suffer severe respiratory and multiorgan complications.

Conclusions

During the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, elective orthodontic treatment should be suspended and resumed only when permitted by federal, provincial, and local health regulatory authorities. Emergency orthodontic treatment can be provided by following a contingency plan founded on effective communication and triage. Treatment advice should be delivered remotely first when possible, and where necessary, in-person treatment can be performed in a well-prepared operatory following the necessary precautions and infection prevention and control (IPAC) protocol.
Dynamic Feedback Control And State Observers For A Knee Rehabilitation Device Using Soft Action
Authors: Guatibonza Artunduaga Andres Felipe , Solaque Guzmán Leonardo Enrique , Velasco Vivas Alexandra
Published: April 2020

Rehabilitation devices with soft components increasingly attract more attention due to their characteristics in human-robot interaction. However, these types of systems have a certain level of complexity when analyzing and controlling. We have designed a 5-link knee rehabilitation device operated on two of the five joints using elastic action to help the movement of the knee. In this work, we simplify the modeling of the rehabilitation device in a smooth acting system of 1 degree of freedom. Subsequently, we present the design and implementation of a dynamic feedback controller to track a desired reference. For the proposed controller, we implemented a state observer to estimate the rigidity of the system and some of the states. As a result, we present the design and implementation of the controller with a status observer, which follows a desired angular path with a desired stiffness. We demonstrate in simulation, through tests aimed at carrying out some rehabilitation routines, to validate the effectiveness and stability of the controlled system, which responds effectively to disturbances.
Intellectual Analysis For Educational Path’ Cognitive Modeling
Authors: POKROVSKAIA Nadezhda Nikolaevna , MARGULYAN Yakov Aronovich , BULATETSKAIA Alena Urievna
Published: April 2020

Regulative models based on the human cognitive systems and the ethics are embodied in the educational processes and social institutions for training and socialization. The intellectual potential of an organization, region and country forms the general ground for the competitiveness in the context of the global knowledge economy. The intellectual analysis is directed to solving the essential uncertainties of the knowledge – anticipation for the future (basic uncertainty) and the personal character of knowledge and competence (relating the personality, individual conscience and acting capacity). The widespread interest towards the intellectual systems and intelligence for any sphere of the social life is based, first of all, on the practice of the professional and educational path, the self-realization trajectory and strategic choice of the specialists in different industries. The paper presents the longitude results obtained in 2005-2018 of the values that determine the choice of the educational trajectory on the level of the second degree of higher education – Master programs, which are not necessary for the majority of the corporate positions, that allows scholars to analyze this choice as reflecting the free interest of the potential students for their personal cognitive growth.
A Theoretical-Practical Analysis of Philosophical and Psychological Aspects of Human Resources Management
Authors: GEVORGYAN Arusyak
Published: April 2020

The article presents the role of human resources (HR) management philosophy in the work of an organization. The staff management philosophy development phases, the principles and functions are observed.  The link of HR management philosophy with the socio-cultural traditions and different countries and ethnic groups is shown based on the analyses of HR management national peculiarities. The author also represents the specifics of the HR management process in law enforcement bodies and in the Police of the Republic of Armenia in particular. The socio-psychological specifics of HR management in the Police, as well as the perspectives of their development are outlined.
Scientific And Educational Technologies In Human Capital Formation
Authors: UTIUZH Irina , SPYTSIA Natalia , SINITSYNA Alla , PAVLENKO Natella
Published: April 2020

The article deals with a constructive role of socio-humanitarian and philosophical knowledge in the system of natural science structures. It is proved that the relevance of socio-humanities and philosophy is a response to the challenges of the modern technology-based civilization, where exact and natural sciences call for revival of a philosophic component in the education system and science. In the article, the main cause-and-effect relations that have resulted for modern societies in the demand for revival of philosophic and socio-humanitarian knowledge in science and education are revealed. A new paradigm for the development of philosophic and socio-humanitarian knowledge is presented.

The authors present the implementation results of a new interdisciplinary dialogue in the system of socio-humanities and natural sciences within the Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, where the Department of Social Studies has adapted and implemented a number of projects in this area. One of which is the School for Young Lecturers – project in the framework of practice-oriented education

The article emphasizes that the return of social science to the higher education system and its role in science must be considered as a complex, multi-level process that should be studied and comprehended for its optimal implementation.
Features Of Fundamental Rights In The Context Of The Philosophy Of Law
Authors: KAZANCHIAN Lilit
Published: April 2020

The article explores the notion and peculiarities of fundamental rights of the individual in the modern, legal state. In the given research the author implements versatile, holistic, systematical (methodical) analysis of content and distinguishing features of the structural element of the concept “legal status of the individual”. Therefore, the theoretical and practical research of problems of development of fundamental human rights, gives an opportunity to find new solutions in protections of relations concerning the individual's legal status. This study is also focusing on various approaches of well-known jurists on the essence, content and legislative consolidation of the fundamental rights of the individual. Summering up the results of explored issues, we concluded, that in recent decades, the philosophy of law (with the theory of state and law) took under its active protection and guardianship man with his rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, and which have ceased to be the subject of national legislation’s regulation, and moved to the international legal platform. Consequently, the government is obligated to guarantee the fundamental human rights and freedoms. Hence, theoretical, methodological and practical analyze of problems of the individual's legal status and elaboration of  suggestions concerning enhancement of national legislation, is one of the most actual problems of jurisprudence.
An overview of illegal parrot trade in Maluku and North Maluku Provinces
Authors: Setiyani Ayu Diyah , Ahmadi Mukhtar Amin
Published: April 2020

Maluku is widely considered as a global avifauna hotspot. However, illegal parrot trades threatens numerous species to extinction. To date, there is no study on the extent of illegal trade in Maluku, which as a result, hampers efforts at targeting conservation initiatives. The aims of this study are to identify the pattern of illegal parrot trade, to identify factors that contribute to illegal parrot trade, and to identify actors involved in illegal parrot trade in Maluku and North Maluku Provinces. The study found that the number of wildlife rescued in 2018 was 1,402 individuals. Surprisingly, 84% (1,177 individuals) of the rescued wildlife were birds and approximately 96% (1,135 individuals) of the birds were parrots. Furthermore, the most commonly rescued parrots (90%) were from illegal trade seizures, and the remainder were handed over voluntarily by local communities. These trends indicate that the traffic of illegal parrot trade is extremely high. Meanwhile, the small number of handovers for birds indicates that there is an insufficient understanding and awareness among locals about wildlife laws and ecological values. The study identified three factors contributing to illegal parrot trade, which are the high potential for obtaining parrots with exotic appearances; the economic value of wild-caught parrots; and overall accessibility. The characteristics of the trade involved actors that can be defined as subsistence and opportunist harvesters, that work with several intermediaries, and consumers demand for pets. To overcome these challenges, there are two strategies which are proposed based on this research: (1) expand the upstream strategy focusing on protecting parrots in their habitats and empowering local communities to be involved in conservation; and (2) engage more on downstream strategies of emphasizing law enforcement and raising awareness.
The power in the interview: A practical guide for identifying the critical role of actor interests in environment research
Authors: Maryudi Ahmad , Fisher Micah R
Published: April 2020

In policy discussions of sensitive and complex issues, particularly in the field of forestry and natural resources, interests play an integral role, but are often a challenging component to contextualize, understand, and study. For various reasons related to factors of influence and authority, actors often do not want their interests uncovered by either competitors or even by non-partisan researchers. Nevertheless, identifying such interests continue to be a critical task for the research community, particularly if we are to better understand the broader effects, effectiveness, or shortcomings of policy. In this short policy brief, we provide a practical guide for researchers to capture and incorporate actor interests as part of their empirical evidence through the interview process. Following an empirical-analytical approach, we first distinguish interests of two different types, the formal and informal. Thereafter, our guide lays out an approach consisting of four distinct phases, namely: i) deciding on the interview format, ii) creating situational settings for the interview, iii) preparing interview guides; and iv) triangulating the interview. In each phase, we underline the importance of a culture of generosity and positivity directed toward the interviewees, comfortably engaging them to describe factors and scenarios in rich detail, while also encouraging respondents to express their values and feelings toward both the area of study and other actors across policy networks.Actor interests are always a sensitive issue in policies related to the environment, which are often purposefully hidden by actors, and commonly overlooked by research;We develop a practical guide based on a set of principles for researchers to use when approaching interviews, which will help to more effectively understand and contextualize actor interests, and can ensure more robust findings about policies related to the environment and natural resources;This guide lays out four distinct phases for approaching the complex and sensitive issue of actor interests for data collection using interviews, namely through the way researchers i) structure interview formats, ii) set up situational settings, iii) approach the preparation and delivery of guiding questions, and iv) triangulate the interview.
Check-list of Andalusia (S. Spain) Seaweeds. III. Rhodophyceae
Authors: Conde Francisco , Flores-Moya Antonio , Soto Juan , Altamirano María , Sánchez Alberto
Published: April 2020

A check-list of the Rhodophyceae from the Andalusian coast, based on literature records (from 1807 to 1996), is presented. Taxa are listed by provinces. The catalogue contains 348 species and infraspecific taxa under current taxonomy.
Producción de polen en un matorral del Sur de España
Authors: Hidalgo María Isabel , Recio Marta , Cabezudo Baltasar
Published: April 2020

Se ha realizado una estimación de la producción de polen (en número de granos y en volumen) de 61 especies de un matorral del Sur de España. La determinación se ha realizado por flor y por unidad de superficie de planta y año. También se ha estimado la importancia polinífera (IP) que cada especie tiene en el matorral en función de su cobertura. La especie que ha presentado mayor número de granos de polen por flor y metro cuadrado y año es Myrtus communis. El máximo valor de volumen de polen por flor lo tiene Cistus albidus. El mayor volumen de polen por metro cuadrado y año corresponde a Lavandula stoechas. Las especies de mayor IP en la zona de estudio han sido Lavandula stoechas, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cistus albidus, Quercus coccifera, Quereus rotundifolia, Cistus clusii, Thymbra capitula, Ulex baeticus y Cisttts monspeliensis. En la zona estudiada hay un elevado número de especies que presentan valores significativamente altos en su producción de polen por superficie y año. El polen que produce la Sierra de Mijas es un buen recurso alimenticio para la abeja doméstica Apis mellifera durante todo el año.
Contenido polínico de la atmósfera de Malaga: Año 1995
Authors: Toro Javier , Recio Marta , Trigo M. Mar , Cabezudo Baltasar
Published: April 2020

En el presente trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos tras el muestreo aerobiológico realizado en Málaga a lo largo del año 1995. Se analiza la evolución estacional del contenido polínico y se compara, tanto cualitativa corno cuantitativamente, con los resultados obtenidos durante los tres años anteriores. Asimismo, se hace un balance de la importancia relativa de los distintos taxones y se señalan cuáles fueron los momentos de máxima concentración. El año 1995 se caracterizó por ser el más cálido y seco que los últimos 4 años, lo que repercutió en el contenido polínico de la atmósfera, ya que se ha detectado una importante disminución del polen procedente de malas hierbas, y también del de olivo y de Cupresiiceas, haciendo que 1995 fuera el año de menor registro de polen de los últimos 5 años.
Estudio fitodermológico e histología foliar de algunas Artemisias de la cuenca del Mediterráneo Occidental
Authors: Ouyahya Aïcha
Published: April 2020

Se ha estudiado por medio del microscopio electrónico y del miscroscopio electrónico de barrido la fitodermología de 27 taxa del género Artemisia presentes en la cuenca mediterránea occidental. El estudio se orienta, principalmente, en la descripción de la epidermis observada de plano y de sección, en los tipos de estomas, y de los pelos tectores de ambas caras de las hojas caulinares, así como su valor taxonómico. Las características de la epidermis foliar son objeto de una discusión preliminar en relación con la ecología de los taxa estudiados.
Fitogeografía y vegetación del Sector Aljíbico (Cádiz-Málaga, España)
Authors: Pérez Latorre Andrés V. , Galán de Mera Antonio , Dell Ulrich , Cabezudo Baltasar
Published: April 2020

Se analiza la flora y vegetación del sur de la Península Ibérica (Andalucía, provincias de Cádiz y Málaga) con el fin de delimitar y subsectorizar la unidad fitogeográfica Aljíbica. Hemos reconocido 4 subsectores en base a la bioclimatología, flora y vegetación: Aljíbico, Algecireño, Marbellí y Sidonense. Incluímos el sector Aljíbico en la provincia Tingitano-Onubo-Algarviense. Dicha provincia forma parte de la superprovincia lberomarroquí-Atlántica que enlaza las regiones Eurosiberiana y Macaronesica con la Mediterránea. Las series de vegetación reconocidas en el sector Aljíbico han sido las siguientes: alcornocales de Myrto-Querceto suberis S y Teucrio-Querceto suberis S, quejigares de Rusco-Querceto canariensis S, robledales de Cytiso-Querceto pyrenaicae S, acebuchales de Tamo-Oleeto sylvestris S, algarrobales de Clematido-Ceratonieto siliquae S, alisedas de Arisaro-Alneto glutinosae S, hojaranzales de Frangulo- Rhododendreto baetici S, fresnedas de Ficario-Fraxineto angustifoliae S, brezales higrófilos de Genisto- Ericeto ciliaris S, choperas de Crataego-Populeto albae S, tarajales de Polygono-Tamariceto africanae S y de Agrostio-Tamariceto canariensis S y adelfares de Rubo-Nerieto oleandri S. Se lectotipifican Tamo-Oleetum sylvestris oleetosum y fraxinetosum angustifoliae y Polygono- Tamaricetum africanae aretosum italici. Como nuevos sintaxones se proponen Crataego-Populetum albae, Rusco-Quercetum canariensis quercetosum broteroi, Asparago-Calicotometum villosae juniperetosum turbinatae, Equiseto-Salicetum pedicellatate salicetosttm albae y Asperulo-Ulicetum scabri anthyllidetosum cytisoidis. Se describen nueve comunidades caracterizadas cada una por: Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus lusitanica e Ilex aquifolium, Dianthus lusitanus, Potamogeton nodosus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Myriophyllum altermflorum,Callitriche stagnalis, Callitriche regis-jubae y Ranunculus tripartitos. Se cita como nueva serie para el subcontinente europeo Cytiso-Querceto pyrenaicae S y se propone una nueva serie, Crataego-Populeto albae S. Se incluye la alianza Campanulion velutinae en Tinguarrenalia siculae a la cual se le asigna el rango de suborden.
Aportaciones a la flora vascular de las provincias de Granada y Jaen (S España)
Authors: Salazar Mendías Carlos , Cano Carmona Eusebio , Valle Tendero Francisco
Published: April 2020

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Reseñas bibliográficas
Authors: Carrión García José Sebastián
Published: April 2020

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Czy Budda praktykował ascezę w okresie poprzedzającym jego przebudzenie? Krytyczna analiza sutty Māhasīhanāda ze zbioru Majjhimanikāya
Authors: Polak Grzegorz
Published: April 2020

Did the Buddha practice asceticism prior to his awakening? A critical analysis of the Māhasīhanāda Sutta from the Majjhima Nikāya: It is widely believed, that the Buddha practiced the most radical forms of asceticism and self‑mortification prior to his awakening. A critical analysis of the suttas depicting that crucial period of his life shows, however, that the only text which portrays the bodhisatta as a foremost ascetic is the Māhasīhanāda Sutta (MN 12/I, 68). The aim of this paper is to examine the issue of the authenticity of this text and thus to answer the question as to whether there is enough ground to claim that the Buddha was an ascetic at all. Through a comparative analysis, I show that the structure and content of the Māhasīhanāda Sutta cannot be reconciled with other suttas from the Majjhima Nikāya, which describe the bodhisatta’s path to awakening. I point out certain late features of the Māhasīhanāda Sutta. Then, through a comparative analysis I try to show that some parts of the Buddhist text may have been borrowed from the Jain  yāraṃga Sutta. Next, I attempt to reinterpret the term attakilamathānuyogo from the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta in such a way which will not pertain to asceticism. In the final part of the paper, I try to explain how the view that the Buddha was a foremost ascetic prior to his awakening could have arisen.
Potyczki Kryszny z Buddą. Kilka uwag o polemicznej wymowie Bhagawadgity wobec wczesnego buddyzmu
Authors: Szczurek Przemysław
Published: April 2020

Krishna’s skirmishes with the Buddha. Remarks on the polemical meaning of the Bhagavadgītā towards early Buddhism: The paper discusses the issue of the confrontation of the Bhagavadgītā with some aspects of the early Buddhist doctrine as presented in the Pāli canon. The confrontation points to the Bhagavadgītā as being a poem of the (broadly understood) orthodox current of Indian religious thought, which also contains some polemical elements, these mostly addressed to the most powerful heterodox religious current in the first centuries B.C. (which is most probable the date of the Bhagavadgītā’s composition). Several parts of the famous Sanskrit poem are compared and confronted with the respective parts of the Pāli canon in order to demonstrate, firstly, the different approaches of both currents, mostly in ethics and metaphysics, and secondly, the Bhagavadgītā’s reaction to particular elements of early Buddhism. The first six chapters of the Sanskrit poem have been subjected to analysis in this respect.
Nierozróżniający wgląd w medytacji buddyzmu chan i jego wczesnobuddyjskie analogie
Authors: Nowak Kamil
Published: April 2020

Undifferentiating insight in the Chan Buddhist meditation and its early Buddhist analogies: In the paper a comparative analysis of Chan Buddhist meditation and the early Buddhist meditation has been conducted. In the first part the meditational instructions present in Zuochan yi and the corresponding texts of Chinese Buddhism have been demonstrated. Subsequently, based on those texts, the ideal type of Chan Buddhist meditation is created. The second part consists of the analysis of Aṭṭhaka‑vagga with the corresponding motifs from the other Pali Canon Suttas. The last part consists of a comparative analysis of the ideal type of Chan Buddhist meditation and meditation as shown in Aṭṭhaka‑vagga. The whole of the analysis aims at demonstrating the topos common for the early Buddhist tradition and Chan Buddhism.
Determination of Antimicrobial Activity of Different Essential Oils Obtained from Plants on Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Foods
Authors: Aslan Canberi Hacer , Şentürk Esra , Aktop Simge , Şanlıbaba Pınar
Published: April 2020

Essential oils (EOs) are known for its antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic bacteria. The present work evaluated the antimicrobial activity of 15 different EOs on survival of different strains of different Staphyloccocus aureus strains isolated from traditional cheeses by disc diffusion method. The most antimicrobial activity on the strains was found as oil thyme oil (mean zone diameter 23.203 mm). Clove oil and black seed oil had the highest antimicrobial activity after thyme oil with average zone diameters of 13.698 mm and 11.267 mm respectively. Hypericum perforatum L. oil (mean zone 6.209 mm), ginger oil (mean zone 6.250 mm) and garlic oil (mean zone 6.267 mm) were the lowest antimicrobial activity. New studies about antimicrobial effect of EOs in vivo conditions are recommended.
How Do Foliar Application of Melatonin and L-Tryptophan Affect Lettuce Growth Parameters Under Salt Stress?
Authors: Hancı Fatih , Tuncer Gizem
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous Melatonin (100, 300 and 500 ÂµM) and L-tryptophan (125, 250, 375 ppm) applications on some growth parameters of lettuce plants grown under salt stress. The study was carried out under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions in spring (March/April) season. The exogenous applications to lettuce plants were carried out two times as foliar spraying. Salt stress was generated by adding NaCl (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM) to irrigation water. The complete randomized design was used with three replications in this experiment. At the end of the study, it was found that the highest doses of exogenous applications had the highest effect on the parameters of the number of leaves, salinity necrosis, fresh leaf weight, fresh root weight, and total surface area of lettuce plants under 200 mM salinity condition. When the effects of the subtract on these values were compared, the effect of melatonin was found to be more pronounced. Leaf width, leaf length, and leaf surface temperature values were not affected by the external application. These values only changed depending on salt concentration. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the application of 500 ÂµM melatonin significantly increased salt tolerance in lettuce plants. However, in order to reach a more general conclusion, the dose ranges and genotype/variety numbers should be increased.
Effect of Different Media on Short Term Storage of Leaping Mullet (Liza saliens (Risso, 1810)) Sperm
Authors: Engin Serhat , Fırat Muammer Kürşat , Özden Osman , Suzer Cüneyt , Hekimoğlu Müge , Antepli Onurkan , Saka Şahin
Published: April 2020

The present study aimed to evaluate the activation characteristics of the leaping mullet spermatozoa and diluted with four different media (D1, D2, D3, D4) for 250 h at 4±2Â°C. The semen was collected from nine wild fish in Homa Lagoon, İzmir, Turkey in July, during reproductive season. In each trial (n = 9), semen samples were collected and mixed to reduce sperm quality variation to obtain the required gametes for the experiment. The semen was activated with natural seawater (salinity of 34, pH 7.9 and 4±2Â°C) to determine: motility time, motility rate and viability of sperm. Dilution with inactivation media 1:3 increased motility time of diluted semen than control group. At the end of the experiment, no significant difference was found for the duration of survival in the D2 and D4 groups. The highest survival rate was found in D2 group.
PENGARUH KUAT TEKAN BETON DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH SERBUK BESI SEBAGAI ADMIXTURE AGREGAT HALUS
Authors: Fansuri Subaidillah , Nura Diana Anita Intan
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui pengaruh penambahan limbah serbuk besi sebagai admixture agregat halus terhadap kuat tekan beton serta mengetahui kuat tekan beton optimum setelah penambahan limbah serbuk besi sebagai admixture agregat halus. Pembuatan beton dengan menggunakan serbuk besi diharapkan mampu memanfaatkan limbah serbuk besi yang telah tidak terpakai lagi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang cukup signifikan dengan adanya penambahan serbuk besi, namun penambahan serbuk besi yang terlalu berlebihan juga dapat mengurangi kekuatan beton itu sendiri. Pengunaan serbuk besi yang baik adalah pada variasi 10% - 30% dengan kuat tekan beton karakteristik optimum 21,42 N/mm2 dan pengaruh sebesar 26% - 60%.
Different analytical methods for estimating the heavy metals in fish products available in the Iraqi local markets by atomic absorption technique
Authors: Musa Al – Jubouri Hamad F. , A Salman , Sarhan
Published: April 2020

The present study aims to estimate heavy metals (Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Zinc and Iron) by different analytical methods in local and imported fish products such as the following samples: (White tuna meat small pieces) Thailand produce, (Sardines with vegetable oil pepper, slices without heads) produced by Morocco, (Fish fillet without bones) Vietnam production (live Carp fish from ponds and live Carp fish from the Tigris River) Iraq production, and (Tuna cut small) Turkey production, The concentrations of above-mentioned elements in the target samples were determined by the flame atomic absorption device . Concentrations of heavy metals were estimated at (ppm) as follows : Cadmium values (0.48 - 2.05 ppm) , While Lead values (0.66- 2.90 ppm), The values of Zinc (2.99 - 19.14 ppm) , Copper values (0.15 - 2.66 ppm) , The values of Iron (15.47-3.28 ppm), The results showed that the best method of extraction was the method of digestion which showed better results than the other two methods (ultrasound method and Ashing method). The results showed that the levels of Cadmium and Copper in some products are higher than the limits allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Food Organization (FAO) while the values ​​of Lead, Iron and Zinc were within the limits allowed .
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.084
Study the Geotechnical Properties for Recent Deposits/AL-Fursan Area North of Tikrit
Authors: Shalal Salih Rakan , Abood Mohammed Rashid , Hussain Amera Ismail
Published: April 2020

Four sites with different depth in AL-Fursan area/ North Tikrit city were selected for recent deposits sampling. The geotechnical properties of soil were tested and improvement of engineering properties of soil by cement was carried out. The geotechnical properties  test results revealed that the moisture content ranges between (0.53 -1.45)% which is low because of  sampling in summer season, while the grain size analysis show that the soil at the study area is coarse soil (sand) with fines. The soil type in the first site is clayey sand (SC), the second site contains sand with equal percentage of silt and clay (SC- SM) , the third and fourth site types are silty sand (SM). The specific gravity ranges between (2.46- 2.72) sites (1,2,3) are low liquid limit and low swelling index but the fourth site is moderate. The value of cohesion strength for the four sites are (16, 13, 1, 8)kPa respectively, sites (1) and (2)  are moderate cohesion while sites (3) and (4) are non-cohesion, none plastic and un active.
The low values of cohesion strength belongs to high percentage of coarse particles in the area. The values of internal friction angles ranges between (300- 370). The consolidation test results revealed  that all sites were moderate compressive index except the first site which is low compressive and low swelling. The study area soil are neutral and high content of gypsum and soluble Dissolved salts and also high organic content. The soil improvement by cement tests results show increasing of cohesion and internal friction angle and the compaction test results show the samples are well sorted.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.087