bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network Security (Automation)
Authors: Shahane Gauri
Published: April 2024

The security of an operator’s network is crucial while being increasingly complex to ensure. This is all the more the case with the evolution of the network towards virtualization. In this paper, we will explain how to secure a network and then give some real examples of automation implemented to ensure this security. Finally, we will detail the new risks associated with the implementation of automation tools and share some good security practices around their implementation. Keywords : Network security automation
The study on Impact of training and development programme on employee performance and productivity
Authors:   School of Business, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India, Mulani Chirag
Published: April 2024

Training is effort initiated by an organization to foster learning among its workers, and development is effort that is oriented more towards broadening a individual’s skills for the future responsibility. Training and development are a continuous effort designed to improve employees’ competence and organize performance as a goal to improve on the employees’ capacity and performance. Human Resource Management has played a significant role in the economic development of most developed countries like Britain America and Japan. In a developing country like Cameroon, with its rich natural resources and financial support, one can also experience such economic success if the appropriate attention is given to the development and training of her human resources. Every aspects and activities in an organization involves people. For instance, a manager will not be successful if he has subordinates who are not well equipped with skills, knowledge, ability, and competence. To run an organization, be it big or small, requires staffing the organization with efficient personnel. Specific job skills, ability, knowledge and competence needed in the workplace are not efficiently taught `in the formal education. As such, most employees need extensive training to ensure the necessary to bring out substantive contribution towards the company’s growth. For employees to be flexible and effective in their job, they need to acquire and develop knowledge and skill, and for them to believe that they are valued by the organization they work for, then they need to see valuable signs of management commitments to their training needs. Each new employee must be properly trained not only to develop technical skills, but to make them an integral part of the organization. Training and development is an aspect that must be faced by every organization, and its major aim is to improve the employees’ competencies such that the organization can maximize effectiveness and efficiency of their human resources.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department & Shri.Siddeshwar Women’s Polytechnic, Solapur., G.B Ms. Langote
Published: April 2024

The key components of a vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) are located at the base of the turbine, with the primary rotor shaft aligned transversely to the wind. Because of this arrangement, maintenance and repairs are made easier because the generator and gearbox are located close to the ground. The parts of a vertical axis wind turbine include the blade, shaft, bearing, frame, and blade support. In short, the rotor rotates because of the dynamic pressure exerted by the wind on the blades. Concurrently, the opposing side of the blades encounters aerodynamic hindrance, occasionally referred to as "drag." We experience something similar when we run or cycle: airflow is constantly working against us. Key Words: Turbine, Dynamic pressure, Rotar resistance, Shaft.
RECIPE GENERATION BASED ON FOOD IMAGE USING MACHINE LANGUAGE
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, SNS College of Engineering Coimbatore, India., T Lekhaa.
Published: April 2024

Recipe generation based on food images using machine learning (ML) is an emerging area that combines computer vision and natural language processing techniques to automatically generate recipes from images of dishes. This paper proposes a novel approach to address this problem by developing a deep learning-based system capable of recognizing ingredients and cooking methods from food images and generating coherent recipe texts. The system aims to assist home cooks, culinary enthusiasts, food bloggers, and businesses in discovering and creating new recipes from visual cues. KEYWORDS: Recipe generation, food image recognition, machine learning, computer vision, natural language processing, Recipe generation model, Cooking automation, Recipe inference, Ingredient detection, Recipe understanding, Computer vision for cooking, Recipe composition, Culinary content generation
Indoor Navigation App Using Navigine
Authors:   Undergraduate Student, Computer Department & Smt. Indira Gandhi College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, Bandgar Pramod
Published: April 2024

Indoor navigation systems are increasingly needed for smart cities, robots, and visually impaired people. Although Global Positioning System (GPS) is widely used for navigation in numerous applications, it cannot be used for indoor navigation systems as the signals cannot be absorbed by the walls of buildings. Therefore, various indoor positioning and navigation techniques have been proposed in the literature, such as radio frequency, computer vision, sensor-based, and semantic-based solutions. However, most of these techniques suffer from high cost, low accuracy, or limited scalability. The 2-dimensional navigation system uses the floor map of the building and it directs the user with the help of a route in addition, the system guides with a path assistance mechanism. Various technologies such as Bluetooth® Low Energy, Wi-Fi, etc., can be used for implementation. These allow for determining the location with an accuracy of 3-7 meters and according to the capability of the device. Key Words: Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE), Global Positioning System(GPS), Indoor Positioning Navigation System(IPNS), Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Technology(SLAM).
Digital Image Watermarking
Authors:   Department of Information Technology  Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Loke Prof. Akshay
Published: April 2024

Digital watermarking has become an essential method for encrypting multimedia files by adding undetectable data. In this work, we present a novel approach to digital watermarking that makes use of the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) methods. By combining these methods, robustness against different types of attacks can be achieved while preserving excellent perceptual quality. Our approach ensures resilience and invisibility by embedding the watermark in the singular values that are obtained from the decomposition of DWT subbands. The outcomes of the experiments show that the suggested strategy is more efficient and effective than the current techniques when it comes to maintaining image quality and being resistant to common image processing threats.
Control of Power Converters in Micro Grids
Authors:   Asst.Professor, Department of EEE, Raghu Engg. College, Visakhapatnam, AP, India.1, Saila Kranthi Kumar
Published: April 2024

Owing to several operational drawbacks in the existing power management schemes for interlinked AC-DC micro grids which are either concerned about only on sharing power or regulation of voltage but not on both, so as to overcome these issues this paper is proposed. This proposed autonomous power management scheme will consider the specific loading condition of the DC micro grid before importing power from the interlinked AC microgrid. This strategy not only enables voltage regulation in the DC micro grid but also reduces the number of converters in operation which will in turn reduces the power transfer losses. Theproposed scheme is fully self governed as it holds on the plug-nplay features for generators and tie-converters. The performance of the proposed control scheme has been validated under different operating scenarios. The results reveal the usefulness of the proposed scheme in managing the shortcoming of power in the DC microgrid efficiently and autonomously, on the other hand maintaining the better voltage regulation in the DC micro grid. In this project a DG interfacing network and its control also to be simulated to analyze the system stability The results are verified through MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Image Text Detection and Conversion into Text Form
Authors:   Computer Science Engineering V.M Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Yengantiwar Prof. Tarun
Published: April 2024

We are purposing a system by which we can detect the image text and convert into the text form for which we firstly apply MSER (Maximally Stable External Region) which is used as a method of blob detection in images, or to detect character candidates. After that some text features by which the text can be recognized. To recognize the text feature we apply some geometric filtration by which we can easily identified the character from the image. This is why all the character is formed by combination of geometric figures. After recognizing the text, reject the false positives i.e. background, figures, and many things expect character. Performing all these we apply OCR function by which Segmenting out the text from a cluttered scene helps with related tasks. Lastly after finding all these we have the text which is in text form which is easily modified and editable. Key Words: Image Processing, OCR
Iris Based Human Identity Recognition with Deep Learning Methods
Authors:   UG Students, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sai Rajeswari Institute of Technology,  Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh-516360, T. Manjula,
Published: April 2024

One of the most important modules of computer systems is the one that is responsible for user safety. It was proven that simple passwords and logins cannot guarantee high efficiency and are easy to obtain by hackers. The well-known alternative is identity recognition based on biometrics. In recent years, more interest was observed in iris as a biometrics trait. It was caused due to high efficiency and accuracy guaranteed by this measurable feature. The consequences of such interest are observable in the literature. There are multiple, diversified approaches proposed by different authors. In this work, we present our own approach to iris-based human identity recognition algorithm. For classification, the algorithm was used CNN (Convolutional neural network) based transfer learning model (Mobile Net) and artificial neural networks.Once after the classification, the segmentation is performed on the classified output and iris part is segmented. Performed tests have shown that satisfactory results can be obtained with the proposed method. Keywords ---Iris based human identity recognition, CNN
Machine Learning-Based Identification of False Profiles
Authors:   Dhanekula Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vijayawada, India, J.V.N. Raju,
Published: April 2024

In the current digital era, phony profiles are a problem for social media sites like Instagram. An important problem that has surfaced on these platforms is the increase in phony profiles, which can result in fraud, false information, and privacy violations, among other problems. Because of the huge number of users, manually identifying bogus profiles takes a lot of effort and is frequently ineffective. This study explores the use of machine learning approaches for Instagram false profile detection. The study uses Random Forest methods and artificial neural networks (ANN) to identify patterns suggestive of fraudulent accounts by utilizing a large dataset. The accuracy with which these approaches can identify bogus profiles is evaluated through a thorough process of experimentation and evaluation. The outcomes demonstrate how well ANN and Random Forest work to differentiate between real Keywords - Fake profile detection,Social media fraud detection, Machine learning, ANN.
A Study on Store Operations at Spencer’s Retail Ltd.
Authors:   School of Business  Galgotias University, Mishra Shivam
Published: April 2024

There are certain aspects that are vital to be observed in any retail store such as front-end operations, back-end operations, store layout, customer relation management, visual merchandising, inventory management, promotional activities. Etc. This study explains all these aspects in particular and emphasizes for an effective way to the retailers to improve their ability to achieve the targeted goals and enhance the profitability of the organization. The project is aimed at the operations (business development) of a store engaged in retail business and studies its management, growth expansion program and other points. Business development is two types first is the income generation and by increasing the business of store. The marketing and business development team is responsible for business development of store and in turn of the organization. They should be creative and proactive to attain the task given .They must know how to take competitive advantage over the competitors. The business development plays an important role in retailing as the organized retailer operates at very thin margins. So any additional income to the store is advantage to the organization. Based on the information presented before on the aspects relating to concepts, objectives, purposes and importance .It is understood that the concept of “business development” is one of the important areas in retailing. Further it is also understand that based on the profile of the organization presented in further study, the organizations is one of the leading and important retail organizations at present.
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Evolution of Community Thought: From The Yellow Wallpaper to Herland
Authors: Wang Rongfei
Published: April 2024

Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a prominent American novelist and feminist, well-known for her works The Yellow Wallpaper and Herland, which have drawn considerable attention from scholars at home and abroad and aroused wide discussion since their publication. In most cases, the former was regarded as a classic of gender politics and the latter, a feminist utopia. Through the detailed analysis of the two works, it can be found that Gilman has interwoven the spirit of community into the two works, considering it as the right path to gaining women’s equality and freedom. In The Yellow Wallpaper, Gilman just implicitly puts forward women alliance as a potential way to liberate women; while in Herland, Gilman describes the harmony between people (women) and the surroundings, between people (women) and people (men), which demonstrates that Gilman is more resolute and more confident in community and cooperation. In the meanwhile, from the two works, it can be found that Gilman’s thought on community is changing and more and more progressive and that the forming of community is a more effective way to contribute to personal growth and development.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of HRIS: An Empirical Study Using Extended UTAUT2 Model
Authors: Ali Quaosar G. M. Azmal , Rahman Md. Abidur , Rahman Md. Siddikur
Published: April 2024

Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) have become indispensable in modern businesses, reshaping the landscape of Human Resource (HR) service delivery. Despite their crucial role, the adoption and implementation of HRIS present persistent challenges influenced by diverse factors. This study delves into the adoption dynamics of HRIS and their practical utilization in developing countries, specifically in Bangladesh. Leveraging the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, the research incorporates Hedonic Motivation (HM) and Personal Innovativeness (PI) as additional factors, forming an extended UTAUT2 model. Employing a quantitative approach, survey data was collected from 255 respondents, including top-level management, HR professionals, and executives from public and private organizations in Chittagong and Dhaka, Bangladesh. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the partial least squares (PLS) method through SmartPLS was employed for model validation. Results reveal that all selected parameters exert a positive and direct influence on HRIS adoption. The results aim to enhance comprehension of the intricate aspects of HRIS adoption, providing valuable insights for organizations to tailor implementation strategies. These findings are pertinent for policymakers and HR managers, offering insights into overcoming obstacles associated with HRIS adoption and optimizing HR practices, thereby contributing to organizational performance improvements.
Does Content Marketing Have a Different Impact on the Stages of Consumer Behavior? An Applied Study on the Saudi Women Consumer During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hasnin Eman Abdulhameed , Subaie Nouf Mohammed Al , Dugaishem Faten Abdulaziz Al , Shammari Amal Obaikah AL
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to investigate the impact of content marketing on consumer behaviour and whether the effect of content marketing changed at each stage during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The scales were prepared based on the theoretical study and the literature to test the hypotheses. An electronic questionnaire was disseminated among 384 Saudi females. The results showed that there was a varying effect of content marketing on each stage of the purchasing behaviour of Saudi female consumers during the pandemic. The results show the existence of an effective relationship between content marketing and the stages of feeling the need, the product stage, awareness, and information search. In addition, the results show that there is a relationship between content marketing and the stages of attention and interest, the evaluation stage, and the purchase stage.
Using Mathematical Models and Extensions to Solve a Robot’s Equidistant Returning Path
Authors: Tsai Louis , Tsai Cheng-Hua
Published: April 2024

The main purpose of this project is to study the Rusty the Robot problem where a robot travels equidistantly from the starting point back to the starting point. We mainly use mathematical models such as trigonometric functions, recursive sequences, and mathematical induction to explore, deduce and demonstrate findings, while using mathematical computer software for calculation and verification. In the beginning, Geogebra was used to explore the original question and allow us to obtain some properties and results. Then, the topic was extended and the relationship between the number of steps and angles was explored, as well as the recursive relationship between the landing points during the travel process. Next, we altered the starting positions of Rusty to see how this affects our findings. Finally, the two intersecting straight lines are extended into three straight lines intersecting at the same point. Based on the angles between them, we discuss the number of returning paths from the starting point to the starting point in an equidistant traveling method. Based on the mathematical model constructed, this study constructs a return path diagram for the robot to return to the starting point in an equidistant manner according to different starting point positions and obtains the recursive relationship of the relative positions on this return path. During the research process of this study, some interesting mathematical theories were obtained. It is expected that these results can be applied to related fields of AI robot movement patterns in the future.
Complete Contraction of Tensor and Its Application
Authors: Xing Jinxiong , Gong Yifan
Published: April 2024

This article presents a mathematical model for tensor complete contraction utilizing permutation group theory. The model helps in identifying the index class that dictates the complete contraction of even-order tensors. Additionally, the concept of a complete contraction closed loop is introduced along with a method for calculating the number of completely contracted images of any even-order tensor under any λ type permutation. The model is applied to investigate the algebraic structure of global conformal invariants on three-dimensional hypersurfaces. Moreover, it is shown that the generalized Willmore functional is the sole global conformal invariant in three-dimensional hypersurfaces when the difference is a constant multiple.
Water Quality Monitoring in Agriculture: Applications, Challenges and Future Prospectus with IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: Jatoi Ghullam Murtaza , Rahu Mushtaque Ahmed , Karim Sarang , Ali Syed Mazhar , Sohu Najamuddin
Published: April 2024

Water is one of the key elements involved in maintaining the quality of life. It is essential in the field of agriculture for food production and livestock farming. Water quality is continuously declining as a consequence of the growing trend of urbanization and industrialization, which can harm the environment and human health. In recent years, several researchers in the field of agriculture have shown advancements in techniques with the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) Artificial Intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) and smart technologies. These advancements aim at improving water usage and enhancing the quality and quantity of different crops, with the ability to lower analysis costs, time and facilitate the achievement of management results. This paper outlines an overview of recent studies on water control and management using the IoT and ML models in the field of agriculture. Thus, new technologies for analyzing water quality metrics like pH, temperature, color, turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), salinity, and nitrogen are described. It also describes few exposed contests used to draw related study suggestions in the future, such as the use of advanced intelligent tools and strategies for water quality assessment and management in the agriculture sector.
Scheduled Castes vs. Caste Hindus: About A Colonial Distinction and its Legal Impact
Authors: De Roover Jakob
Published: April 2024

India’s legal system gives a decisive role to membership of a specific set of caste groups. Groups included in the schedule attached to the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order of 1950 are the beneficiaries of special protections and provisions. This legislation appears to discriminate on grounds of caste. However, the Supreme Court permits such special treatment under the condition that the classification is reasonable: for one, it must be founded on intelligible differentiae which distinguish the persons grouped together from others left out of the group. Which intelligible differentiae then distinguish the groups that belong to the Scheduled Castes? This essay argues that this question was never answered in any satisfactory manner. The Constituent Assembly simply accepted the colonial division of the Indian population into ‘Caste Hindus’ and ‘Depressed Classes’. Yet, the colonial administration had also failed to find empirical tests that allowed it to identify the ‘Depressed Classes’ as a distinct set of castes. The notion of ‘untouchability’ did not help here, because it functioned as a label used to name a collection of practices. It was unclear how to identify the victims at the receiving end of ‘untouchability’, since these practices could be found both among groups classified as Depressed Classes and among those considered Caste Hindus. The conclusion is puzzling: in 1936, the British Monarch ordered how the people of India should be divided into Scheduled Castes and others. Since 1947, Indian political and intellectual elites have enforced this decree in their country through caste legislation.
Problems of Refugee Protection in International Law: An Assessment Through the Rohingya Refugee Crisis in India
Authors: Patnaik Dabiru Sridhar , Siddiqui Nizamuddin Ahmad
Published: April 2024

The present article deals with the problems of refugees under international law. The purpose is two-fold – to understand the legal framework for the protection of refugees and to understand the manner in which the international legal framework is adopted by States in their domestic jurisdictions. The limitation of international law in addressing the refugee problem is highlighted through ‘contestations’ and ‘ fault-lines’. It is argued that such contestations and fault-lines exist in the manner in which conceptions like sovereignty, nationality, territoriality, jurisdiction, and legal obligation are clothed and implemented in the international legal discourse. The example of Rohingya refugee crisis from India is employed to contextualise the discussion. Some notable developments towards the construction of a more robust regime for refugee protection under international law have also been highlighted in the last section.
Tenuous Legality: Tensions Within Anti-Terrorism Law in India
Authors: Sethi Manisha
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the evolution of the anti-terror legislation in India from Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act 1987 (TADA), through Prevention of Terrorism Act 2000 (POTA) to Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). This paper attends specifically to the jurisprudential tension between the promise of constitutional safeguards on the one hand, and the legal erosion of these rights inhering in these laws on the other. The paper seeks to understand how this tension is resolved, philosophically and jurisprudentially in addressing challenges to these laws in the Supreme Court. How, first, did the Supreme Court respond to the allegation that these laws suffered from the “the vice of unconstitutionality”. Second, having upheld the constitutional wholesomeness of these laws, how did different courts respond in actual cases being tried under these laws – which legally subverted established evidentiary rules? It is argued that the tension remains unresolved – despite professions to the contrary – and can be seen operating in the juridical field.
Biggest Internal Security Threat or Non-International Armed Conflict?
Authors: Bajoria Rishabh
Published: April 2024

In this paper, I argue that the Maoist insurgency against the Indian State in the “Red Corridor”, spanning a quarter of the Independent Indian State’s territory, including areas in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and Maharashtra, constitutes a Non-International Armed Conflict (NIAC) under International Humanitarian Law (IHL). I analyse the development of International law on the question of non-international armed conflicts from Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions, to the 1977 Additional Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions, and the recent ICTY and ICTR jurisprudence. This paper asserts that the two main elements required to constitute an NIAC, namely, sufficient organisation of the non-state actor and protracted, intense violence between the non-state actor and the State are fulfilled in the case of the Maoist insurgency by relying upon State Reports, documents released by the Maoists and anthropological/ journalistic accounts of the conflict. Therefore, the Naxals are legal contestants of the Indian State in the Red Corridor, instead of being a mere ‘internal security challenge’.
Profil Status Gizi Anak Pulau Di Desa Mattaro Adae, Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Rini Jusriani
Published: April 2024

Children who are malnourished cannot grow and develop optimally, which can reduce children's intelligence. The aim of this research is to determine the nutritional status profile of island children in Mattaro Adae Village, Pangkep Regency. This research is an analytical research by measuring the anthropometric nutritional status of elementary school children. The analysis used is chi-square. The research results showed that the BMI/U analysis obtained a mean value <SD, namely -3.46<0.517. Meanwhile, the frequency of island children who experienced normal BMI/U was 27 people (75%). The results of the TB/U analysis obtained a mean value<SD, namely -3.58<0.608. The frequency of children suffering from normal TB/U was 26 people (72.2%). The results of the BB/U analysis obtained a mean value<SD, namely -3.6<0.4. Meanwhile, the frequency of school children who experienced normal BB/U was 19 people (52.8%). BMI/U nutritional status was good in 8 year old children as many as 10 people (35.71%) and BMI/U nutritional status was poor in 5 year old children aged 7 years (62.5%). Meanwhile, the significance value or p value (paired) is 0.000, which shows that there is a relationship between age and nutritional status, BMI/U..
Reduction of Cardiovascular Risk with Pemafibrate
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: April 2024

It has been established that increased cardiovascular risk is seen in individuals with elevated triglycerides; however, whether reduction of the same alleviates the risk is still unclear. A decrease in triglycerides and improvement in other lipid levels is observed with Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator. Pradhan and researchers conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial on an international scale. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into two groups; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels of 40 mg per deciliter and or lower and mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia (200 to 499 mg per deciliter), where one group received a placebo and the other 200µg tablets BD Pemafibrate. A cohort of parameters, namely coronary revascularization, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and death from cardiovascular disease, were factored in as the primary efficacy endpoints. An HDL cholesterol level of 33 mg per deciliter, a median baseline fasting triglyceride level of 271 mg per deciliter, and an LDL cholesterol level of 78 mg per deciliter were observed in a sum-total 10,497 patients, of whom 66.9% had a previous history of cardiovascular disease. After 16 months, a significant reduction of 26.2% for triglycerides, -25.8% for very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, 25.6% for remnant cholesterol (cholesterol transported in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins after lipolysis and lipoprotein remodeling), 27.6% for apolipoprotein C-III, and 4.8% for apolipoprotein B were observed in Pemafibrate group in comparison to the placebo group. In both groups, no significant difference was seen in the incidence of adverse events. However, a lower incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism and adverse renal events were associated with Pemafibrate. N Engl J Med ( 2022) DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2210645.
Editors summaries of the articles published in this issue of Molecular Medicine Communications
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: April 2024

In this issue, Ekram and colleagues carried out a pharmacological investigation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in reducing pain and inflammation of degenerated intervertebral disc; Ali and Khan reviewed noncoding RNAs as emerging modulators of ꞵ-globin regulation and ꞵ-hemoglobinopathies, Ali and colleagues reported a study to determine in vitro efficacy of horizontal transfer of plasmid-mediated carbapenem-resistant genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae to Escherichia coli, Khan and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional analytical study to investigate HDV influence on HBV replication, Ahmed and Khan reviewed the effects of COVID-19 on the mental health of different sections of our society, and Riaz and colleagues reported a study which investigated the effects of thiazolidinone derivatives (T1 & T2) against buprenorphine (opioid)-induced increased pain sensitivity using a mice model.
L1 Retrotransposition in Normal Colorectal Epithelium
Authors: Staff Editorial
Published: April 2024

Somatic L1 retrotransposition refers to the process in which long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1 or L1 elements), which are a type of transposable element, move within the DNA of somatic cells. These elements can have the ability to "copy and paste" themselves into different genomic locations, potentially leading to genetic alterations. While L1 retrotransposition has been extensively studied in the context of cancer, it is still a topic of ongoing research to determine its prevalence and significance in normal tissues, including the colorectal epithelium. Colorectal epithelium refers to the tissue lining the colon and rectum, and abnormalities in this tissue can contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Nam and colleagues explored the whole-genome sequences of 899 single-cell clones established from three different cell types collected from 28 individuals. They found 1,708 somatic L1 retrotrans position events that were enriched in the colorectal epithelium and showed a positive relationship with age. Analysis of matched cancers further suggested that the somatic L1 retrotransposition rate is substantially increased during colorectal tumorigenesis. They concluded that L1 retrotransposition-induced somatic mosaicism in normal cells and provides insights into the genomic and epigenomic regulation of transposable elements over the human lifetime. Nature. 2023 May;617(7961):540-547.  doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06046-z.
Small Molecules for Chemically Induced Pluripotency Inception
Authors: Staff Editorial
Published: April 2024

Harnessing endogenous transcription factors directly by small molecules for chemically induced pluripotency inception refers to using specific small molecules to activate endogenous transcription factors to reprogram adult cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This approach aims to bypass the use of viral vectors or genetic manipulation to introduce exogenous factors, making it a potentially safer and more efficient method for generating iPSCs. Jin and colleagues show that small molecule CD3254 activates endogenous existing transcription factor RXRα to significantly promote mouse chemical reprogramming. Mechanistically, the CD3254-RXRα axis can directly activate all the 11 RNA exosome component genes (Exosc1-10 and Dis3) at the transcriptional level. Unexpectedly, rather than degrading mRNAs as its substrates, RNA exosome mainly modulates the degradation of transposable element (TE)-associated RNAs, particularly MMVL30, which is identified as a new barrier for cell-fate determination. In turn, MMVL30-mediated inflammation (IFN-γ and TNF-α pathways) is reduced, promoting successful reprogramming. Collectively, their study provides conceptual advances for translating environmental cues into pluripotency inception, particularly identifies that the CD3254-RXRα-RNA exosome axis can promote chemical reprogramming and suggests modulation of TE-mediated inflammation via CD3254-inducible RNA exosome as important opportunities for controlling cell fates and regenerative medicine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2023 May 23;120(21):e2215155120.  doi: 10.1073/pnas.2215155120.
In silico Elucidation of Potent Therapeutic Targets against Alzheimer’s by Targeting CAPNS2
Authors: Bin Waseem Hassan , Mubeen Musafa , Talal Rahim Muhammad , Kazim Muhammad , Rashid Ayman , Shoaib Amir Muhammad , Afzal Ayesha , Sehrish Naz
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered one of the common types of dementia in which brain cell gradually deteriorate, leading to memory loss. Approximately 50 million people are afflicted by AD. There is no permanent solution for this malady; however, early detections may help slow down the disease prognosis. In the current study, a hybrid approach of molecular docking studies and virtual screening is taken to test compounds from ‘Zinc database library’ that may be effective against AD by targeting CAPNS2. The top-ranked four compounds were reported by molecular docking analysis on the basis of their binding affinity by targeting CAPNS2. Molecular docking analyses revealed that Lys-5, Ala-4, Leu-3, Tyr-56, Ile-48, Ala-52, Gln-55, Cys-56, Ala-152, Ala-54, and Ala-53 are the interacting residues from the selected target protein. In addition, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analyses were performed to assess the drug-like properties of the selected compounds. After extensive in silico analyses, the present study deduced that the top four scrutinized compounds might be potent against AD by targeting CAPNS2.
A New Role for Lactate in Breast Cancer
Authors: Staff Editorial
Published: April 2024

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme that plays a key role in cellular metabolism by converting pyruvate to lactate during anaerobic glycolysis. LDH has been implicated in various cancer types, including breast cancer, where increased LDH activity is associated with tumor growth, invasion, and resistance to therapy. LDH inhibitors are being investigated as potential therapeutic agents in cancer treatment, including breast cancer. Khajah and colleagues investigated the role of LDH inhibitors in both estrogen receptor (ER)+ and ER‑ breast cancer cell lines and in normal breast epithelial cells. A significant reduction in extracellular lactate level, cell proliferation, motility, and invasion was observed after treatment with LDH inhibitors. Subsequently, changes in the levels of vimentin, E‑cadherin, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and AKT were also observed. Cancer cell proliferation was preferentially blocked compared with normal epithelial cell inhibition by LDH inhibitors such as quercetin and lonidamine. These results further highlight the role of lactate in breast cancer progression and indicate the practical use of various commercially available LDH inhibitors as promising therapeutic agents to oppose the processes leading to cancer progression. While LDH inhibitors show promise, challenges include achieving selectivity for cancer cells and minimizing toxicity to normal tissues. The development of specific LDH inhibitors with favorable pharmacokinetic properties is an ongoing area of research. Mol Med Rep. 2024 Jan;29(1):12. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2023.1313.
Pembrolizumab Plus Trastuzumab and Chemotherapy for HER2-Positive Gastric or Gastro-oesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Staff Editorial
Published: April 2024

he combination of pembrolizumab, and trastuzumab chemotherapy has long been investigated in the treatment of HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma refers to cancers that overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is associated with more aggressive tumor behavior. Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor, a checkpoint protein on immune cells. By blocking PD-1, pembrolizumab helps unleash the immune system to target and attack cancer cells. Trastuzumab is another monoclonal antibody that specifically targets HER2-positive cancer cells. It has been a standard treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer and has been explored in HER2-positive gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. Janjigian and colleagues revealed the interim analysis of a randomized, phase 3 KEYNOTE-811 trial which involved 168 medical centers in 20 countries worldwide. They found that compared with placebo, pembrolizumab significantly improved progression-free survival when combined with first-line trastuzumab and chemotherapy for metastatic HER2-positive gastro-oesophageal cancer, specifically in patients with tumors with a PD-L1 combined positive score of 1 or more. They stated that the overall survival follow-up is ongoing and will be reported at the final analysis.  Lancet. 2023 Dec 9;402(10418):2197-2208. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02033-0.
Disabilities and medical emergencies: a population-based study in Peru
Authors: Jiménez-Lozada Mayra Alejandra , López-Magallanes Luis Daniel , Alarco J. Jhonne
Published: April 2024

Objetivo. Estimar la asociación entre la condición de discapacidad y la demanda de urgencias médicas en los ciudadanos peruanos mayores de 18 años durante el año 2019. Método. Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico de datos secundarios de la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Presupuestales (ENAPRES) 2019. La discapacidad se determinó con las preguntas del grupo de Washington y la demanda de urgencias médicas se evaluó con dos preguntas referidas a situaciones que ponen en riesgo la vida de las personas. Se incluyeron covariables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con las urgencias médicas, como posibles confusores. Se llevó a cabo una regresión de Poisson y se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) crudas y ajustadas. Todos los cálculos se hicieron de acuerdo con el muestreo complejo de la ENAPRES 2019. Resultados. Se incluyeron los datos de 62.959 personas mayores de 18 años. El 4,3% tenía algún tipo de discapacidad y el 8,7% tuvo una urgencia médica en el último año. Las personas con tres o más tipos de discapacidad tuvieron 2,97 veces más probabilidades de tener una urgencia médica, en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad [RP = 2,97 (IC 95%: 2,28-3,87)], ajustado por múltiples variables de confusión. Conclusiones. En el Perú, durante el año 2019, las personas con discapacidad tuvieron más probabilidades de tener una urgencia médica en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad. Estas probabilidades fueron ligeramente mayores cuando las personas tenían tres o más discapacidades
Implementasi Authentication Captive Portal Pada Wireless Local Area Network di PT. St. Morita Industries
Authors: Siregar Jonathan Daniel , Chusyairi Ahmad
Published: April 2024

PT. St. Morita Industries has a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) which is used as a medium for exchanging data and information by utilizing wireless transmission media, WLAN currently uses WPA2-PSK as a security system to authenticate users to access the internet. However, the use of WPA2-PSK as WLAN security still has a weakness due to the use of the same 1 password for many users in order to connect to the WLAN hotspot will be an opportunity for cyber crime. This happens because it will be very easy for irresponsible users to enter the WLAN. Therefore, in this study, captive portal authentication will be applied as an effort to increase WLAN security replaces WPA2-PSK. This research process uses the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) method. All the configurations needed to build the captive portal authentication take advantage of the Winbox program. This research has resulted in a special user authentication limitation for users who have registered on the WLAN is permitted to access this company's internet. In addition, the Winbox program can also be used for monitoring all users connected to the WLAN, both active and inactive users. By setting up captive portal authentication on a WLAN network using a proxy routerboard device which comprises an IP address, DHCP server, hostpot setup, NAT firewall, and DNS server one can create a WPA2-PSK security system. This configuration is completed with the aid of the Winbox v3.37 software.
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif Untuk Pembelajaran Sejarah Indonesia Dengan Metode Think Pair Share Pada Kelas X Smk Nh Multimedia Poncokusumo
Authors: Ojat Achmad Darojat , Edo Armedo Futhi Munadzar
Published: April 2024

Every teaching and learning activity the potential of media cannot be ignored, and often the object to be studied is too complex. This study aims to develop an interactive multimedia lesson on Indonesian History that has been validated for Tenth Grade SMK NH Multimedia Poncokusumo. In the trial activity, this Interactive Multimedia is combined with the Think Pair Share learning model, the learning activities will be even more interesting because it is different from conventional multimedia learning. The test results for developing interactive multimedia on media experts are 91.3% (valid). Data The results of testing the validity and development of the Interactive Multimedia method on material experts are 93% (valid). Meanwhile, the data from the test results of the validity and development of the Interactive Multimedia method on the audience or respondents are 95% (valid), the results of the small group audience trial are 92% (valid), and the learning outcomes test is 100% (effective). Overall, based on the product eligibility criteria, it can be concluded that the learning media is included in a valid statement, so it is feasible and effective to use in learning.
Webquest Sebagai Pembelajaran Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia Kelas X Di Smk Nurul Huda Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Armedo Futhi Munadzar  , Achmad Darojat
Published: April 2024

The pandemic disease outbreak due to corona virus disease (Covid-19) has affected learning activities at both elementary and tertiary levels. The government requires students to carry out online learning activities. One online learning alternative that can be implemented is WebQuest. WebQuest is a type of web-based learning that is inquiry-oriented. In developing this WebQuest, the model used is Web-Based Instructional Design with four stages: 1) Analysis Stage, 2) Concurrent Design Stage, 3) Implementation Stage, 4) Evaluation Stage. This research was applied to 40 students of class Results of WebQuest trials with 3 experts. The results of data analysis from design experts obtained an average percentage of 80% suitable for use. The results of media expert data analysis obtained an average percentage of 90% suitable for use. The results of material expert data analysis obtained an average percentage of 88% suitable for use. The results of individual data analysis obtained an average percentage of 86.6% suitable for use. The results of small group data analysis obtained an average percentage of 85.7% suitable for use. The results of field test data analysis obtained an average percentage of 83.1% suitable for use. The number of students who fulfill the SKM reaches a percentage level of 87.5%, so the product is said to be effective. Meanwhile, in individual trials, small groups and field trials, it can be concluded that the WebQuest that has been developed is valid and suitable for use in learning activities. Learning with WebQuest can be the main alternative for online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. WebQuest makes it easy for students to access study material by simply opening one website page. Apart from the material in WebQuest, there are also assignments/activities that can attract students to learn using WebQuest.Keyword: WebQuest, Study activity in the time of Covid-19 Pandemic, Indonesian History.
O papel da família e das instituições no processo educativo de alunos com necessidades especiais
Authors: Mello Marcelo Henrique de , Mayrink Maria Isabel Cristina Batista , Cupertino Marli do Carmo
Published: April 2024

A temática educação especial apresenta relevância crescente pelos desafios e dilemas que coloca em termos das práticas educativas cotidianas. Objetivou-se analisar o papel da família e das instituições no processo educativo especial. Foi feita revisão sistemática seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA, buscando por artigos originais publicados entre 2011 e 2021 nas bases de dados Science Direct e Web of Sciense com os descritores “Education, Special AND Family”; “Education, Special AND Mainstreaming”. Nos 18 artigos selecionados verificou-se que as instituições de ensino têm o papel de disponibilizar professores especializados/capacitados, acompanhamento e avaliação dos alunos, manejo pedagógico da diversidade, estrutura física e equipamentos/tecnologia; além de amparo à família. Já as famílias necessitam aceitar o diagnóstico, buscar amparo psicológico, social e econômico dos órgãos competentes, além de auxiliar nas atividades da escola. Apesar de existir a possibilidade de educação inclusiva, as instituições exclusivas de educação especial continuarão sendo um importante alicerce aos educandos que demandam apoios múltiplos e contínuos. Conclui-se que é muito importante fortalecer os laços sociais, ou seja, construir um suporte mútuo entre família e escola, com políticas públicas que forneçam subsídio às instituições e às famílias, garantindo assim educação de qualidade ao aluno especial, seja no ensino exclusivo ou inclusivo.