bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excess Google Searches for Child Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infoveillance Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Riddell Corinne A , Neumann Krista , Santaularia N Jeanie , Farkas Kriszta , Ahern Jennifer , Mason Susan M
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has created environments with increased risk factors for household violence, such as unemployment and financial uncertainty. At the same time, it led to the introduction of policies to mitigate financial uncertainty. Further, it hindered traditional measurements of household violence.

OBJECTIVE

Using an infoveillance approach, our goal was to determine if there were excess Google searches related to exposure to child abuse, intimate partner violence (IPV), and child-witnessed IPV during the COVID-19 pandemic and if any excesses are temporally related to shelter-in-place and economic policies.

METHODS

Data on relative search volume for each violence measure was extracted using the Google Health Trends application programming interface for each week from 2017 to 2020 for the United States. Using linear regression with restricted cubic splines, we analyzed data from 2017 to 2019 to characterize the seasonal variation shared across prepandemic years. Parameters from prepandemic years were used to predict the expected number of Google searches and 95% prediction intervals (PI) for each week in 2020. Weeks with searches above the upper bound of the PI are in excess of the model’s prediction.

RESULTS

Relative search volume for exposure to child abuse was greater than expected in 2020, with 19% (10/52) of the weeks falling above the upper bound of the PI. These excesses in searches began a month after the Pandemic Unemployment Compensation program ended. Relative search volume was also heightened in 2020 for child-witnessed IPV, with 33% (17/52) of the weeks falling above the upper bound of the PI. This increase occurred after the introduction of shelter-in-place policies.

CONCLUSIONS

Social and financial disruptions, which are common consequences of major disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may increase risks for child abuse and child-witnessed IPV.
Machine learning technique offers potential to reduce the extent of resection in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a new nomogram for predicting central lymph node metastasis (Preprint)
Authors: Duan Sensen , Chen Songhao , Xue Jingyi , Wei Gang , HU XI'E , Yang Zhenyu , Peng Shujia , Yang Lin , Yuan Lijuan , Bao Guoqiang
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Although Prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection (CLND) can reduce thyroid cancer recurrence, it can also cause surgical complications. Previous studies examining this issue have focused on papillary thyroid carcinoma rather than papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and lacked external validation, thus limiting their clinical applications. In this research, we retrospectively assessed independent predictors to produce a nomogram that can quantify the risk of central compartment lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with PTMC to determine which patients should undergo CLND.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we intend to develop and validate a machine learning-based nomogram to predict the risk of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and provide surgical recommendations to clinicians.

METHODS

Patients with PTMC who received cervical lymph node biopsy at the Tangdu Hospital were included in the study sets. Demographic characteristics, ultrasonography results, and biochemical indicators were assessed. Multiple logistic regression was adopted as the basis for the nomogram. Concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to evaluate the nomogram’s distinguishability, accuracy, and clinical availability

RESULTS

In our univariate logistic regression analysis, young age, large tumor size, calcification, aspect ratio ≥1, multifocality, indistinct lymphatic hilus, high free thyroxine (FT4), and low thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were independent risk predictors for CLNM. Combining these predictors, the nomogram shows strong predictive capacity with C-index and accuracy of 0.784 and 0.713 in the training set and 0.779 and 0.709 in the validation set. DCA indicated that the nomogram had a well clinical application value.

CONCLUSIONS

We established a reliable, inexpensive, reproducible, and non-invasive preoperative prediction model that provides a potential tool for reducing the overtreatment of patients with PTMC.
Effect of an internet-delivered 4-week mindfulness-based cancer recovery intervention on the symptom burden and quality of life of breast cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Luyao , Chen Xing , Peng Yueyang , Zhang Kun , Ma Jun , Xu Lin , Liu Zixuan , Liu Li , Luo Yang , Gu Can
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can improve breast cancer patients' symptoms and psychological well-being. However, traditional standard MBIs are an 8-week program delivered by face-to-face treatment, which may be inconvenient for cancer patients. Many attempts have been made to adapt MBIs to increase their accessibility for cancer patients while maintaining their therapeutic components and efficacy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an internet-delivered 4-week mindfulness-based cancer recovery (iMBCR) program in reducing symptom burden and enhancing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer patients.

METHODS

A total of 103 stage 0 to Ⅳ postoperative breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to an iMBCR group (4-week internet-delivered MBCR; n = 51) or a control group (usual care and 4-week program of placebo information; n = 52). The study outcomes included symptom burden and HRQoL, as measured by the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer (FACT-B) Scale. All data were collected at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), and 1-month follow-up (T2). Data analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. Linear mixed models were used to assess iMBCR effects over time.

RESULTS

Participants in the iMBCR group had significantly larger decreases in symptom burden than the control group at T1 (mean difference, -11.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], -16.99 to -6.36), and the decreases were maintained at T2 (mean difference, -11.83; 95% CI, -18.19 to -5.46). The HRQoL score in the iMBCR group had significantly larger improvements compared with the control group at T1 and T2 (mean difference, 6.66; 95% CI, 3.43 to 9.90 and 11.94; 7.56 to 16.32; respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Our preliminary findings suggested that the iMBCR program effectively improved the symptom burden and HRQoL of breast cancer patients. We highly recommend that healthcare professionals incorporate this program when providing psychosocial care to breast cancer patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000038980; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=62659
Effects of hospital digitization on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction: Nationwide multiple regression analysis across German hospitals (Preprint)
Authors: von Wedel Philip , Hagist Christian , Liebe Jan-David , Esdar Moritz , Hübner Ursula , Pross Christoph
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The adoption of Health Information Technology (HIT) by healthcare providers is commonly believed to improve the quality of care. Policymakers follow this logic and deploy multi-billion dollar nationwide HIT adoption programs to fund hospital investments in digital technologies such as Electronic Health Records (EHR). Yet, scientific evidence for the beneficial effects of HIT on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction on a national level remains incomplete and rarely accounts for the value of digitization from a hospital user perspective.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between digitization on clinical outcomes and patient experience among German hospitals. Hereby, the study goes beyond assessing the effects of mere HIT adoption and considers user-perceived HIT value, as well. Hence, it aims at differentiating between mere availability and user-perceived quality of HIT. Additionally, the impact of a variety of technologies beyond EHRs is examined.

METHODS

Multiple linear regression models were estimated with emergency care outcomes, elective care outcomes, and patient satisfaction as dependent variables. Adoption and user-perceived value of HIT represented key independent variables and case volume, hospital size, ownership status, and teaching status were included as controls. Care outcomes were captured via risk-adjusted observed/expected outcome ratios for stroke, heart attack, and hip replacement patients. The German Patient Experience Questionnaire of Weisse Liste provided information on patient satisfaction. Information on the adoption and user-perceived value of 10 sub-domains of HIT and EHRs was derived from the German 2020 Healthcare IT Report.

RESULTS

Statistic analysis was based on an overall sample of 383 German hospitals. Based on the analyzed data, no significant effect of HIT or EHR adoption on clinical outcomes or patient satisfaction was found. However, a higher user-perceived value of installed tools did improve outcomes. Whereas emergency care outcomes especially benefitted from user-friendly overall digitization (beta -0.032, P .042) especially driven by user-friendliness of admission-HIT (beta -0.023, P .073), elective care outcomes did so via user-friendly EHR installations (beta -0.138, P .008). Similarly, user-friendly overall digitization had a moderate positive effect on patient satisfaction (beta -0.009, P .014).

CONCLUSIONS

Hospital digitization is not an end in itself. Policymakers and hospitals are well-advised to not only focus on the mere adoption of digital technologies but to continuously work towards digitization that is perceived as valuable by physicians and nurses who rely on it every day. Furthermore, hospital digitization strategies should consider that benefits of single technologies are not realized across all care domains.
Acceptability and effectiveness of a chatbot for delivering Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to adolescents with depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Nicol Ginger , Wang Ruoyun , Graham Sharon , Dodd Sherry , Garbutt Jane
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Depression, anxiety and related suicidal ideation and self-harm are common among adolescents, and have increased in prevalence and severity during the pandemic to crisis levels, exacerbated by the long-standing workforce shortage of child mental health professionals. As a result, primary care providers are often called on to provide first-line care for these youth. Digital health interventions extend mental health specialty care to youth with moderately severe symptoms, but few are evidence-based. Here, we describe the feasibility of delivering an evidence-based intervention that utilizes a relational conversational agent embedded in a smartphone application (app) to deliver cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to adolescents presenting to their PCP for treatment of moderately severe depression and/or anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

In this 12-week pilot randomized controlled study, we evaluated the feasibility of the app-based intervention to adolescents ages 13-17 years with moderate depressive symptoms presenting in ambulatory pediatric primary care clinics.

METHODS

We evaluated change in depressive symptom severity as measured by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms via the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) and self-efficacy for mental health via the Mental Health Self-efficacy Scale (MHSES) at 4 and 12 weeks. Data on acceptability, feasibility and usability were collected from participants, and qualitative interviews were conducted with referring primary care providers (PCPs).

RESULTS

The pilot randomized 18 participants to treatment plus usual care (n=10) or usual care alone (n=8). There were no difference between groups on baseline characteristics, and all randomized participants completed the program. Although participants in the active treatment group experienced a greater reduction in depressive symptoms than the usual care group, mental health outcomes between groups was not statistically significant. Teen- and parent-reported usability, feasibility and acceptability of the app was high; PCPs reported preference for introducing the app early in the course of care for individuals presenting with mild or moderate symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

In this small randomized study, we demonstrated the feasibility, acceptability, usability and safety of using a CBT-based chatbot for adolescents presenting with moderate depressive symptoms in real-world primary care settings. Further study is needed to fully determine effectiveness of both the intervention and implementation in primary care settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT04603053 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04603053)
A Constant Market Share Analysis of Indonesia's Fishery Export
Authors: Aryudiawan Candra , Suadi Suadi
Published: June 2022

Despite its importance in global fishery production as the world's second-largest producer, Indonesia is not one of the top ten fish exporting countries. This study uses constant market share analysis to examine Indonesia's fishery export performance. The data was collected from the United Nations International Trade Statistics Database and covered Indonesia's fishery exports from 1999 to 2019. Indonesian fishery products are classified using four-digit Harmonized System codes ranging from 0301 to 0308. Export growth is decomposed into four components: the global market, commodity compositions, market distributions, and competitiveness effects. The results indicate that the significant growth of the global fishery trade was the primary driver of Indonesia's fishery exports during the period. Indonesia is directing a significant portion of its exports to the most dynamic destination markets, such as China and ASEAN countries. The commodity composition and competitiveness effects were negative and significant throughout the period. Indonesia's integration into the global economy through structural adjustment programs, a liberalization strategy, WTO accession, and participation in several trade agreements, but these policies have had little impact on competitiveness. Indonesia's share of the global fish trade has declined from 4.11 percent in 1999 to 2.75 percent in 2019. Over the last 20 years, Indonesia's market share has gone down, which shows its lack of competitiveness.
Cannibalistic and Pornographic Images of Lagos City in Toni Kan’s The Carnivorous City
Authors: Olufayo Ezekiel Gbenga
Published: June 2022

The city is a spatial phenomenon that conditions the production of African city literature and reveals African urban life, experience, relations and problems in the aftermath of colonialism. Sociopolitical, economic and cultural issues have been of more interest to extrinsic critics of African city fiction than exploring the aesthetics that make city a universal subject in African literature. Studies on The Carnivorous City are qualitative towards the novelist’s penchant for city-life, acculturation, human struggle, greed, love, corruption and other post-independent issues in Africa, yet, Kan’s city fiction, like every literary text, has its form. This study, therefore, attempts to fill this gap by interrogating city as form in The Carnivorous City.The study examines the novel as an autonomous work of art and it adopts New Criticism, with a particular reference to “closing reading” and “reconciliation of the opposites” as analytic principles.The study describes the city as the subject of African city literature and portrays its pornographic and cannibalistic tendencies. It also reveals The Carnivorous City is rich towards the use of formal elements in the conceptualization of Lagos City in text, and indicates further that the novel is a city fiction rich in language, animal imagery and sensual dictions that portray Lagos as the universal subject in text.The study recommends a close reading of African city fictions as this approach enriches the artfulness of the sub-genre and sharpens the meaning of the urban literary texts beyond what extrinsic reading offers.
Oppression of Women in Nadia Murad’s Memoir The Last Girl
Authors: Prakash Sruthy
Published: June 2022

The project is entitled Oppression of women in Nadia Murad’s memoir The Last Girl. The work is published in November 2017. In the book, she describes how she was captured and enslaved by Islamic state militants during the Second Iraqi civil war. The project tries to analyze the oppression of Iraqi women, especially Yazidi women in the backdrop of terrorism with feminist theory. The analysis is undertaken in three chapters. The first session is a brief introduction into the work, the author and the situation of Yazidi women portrayed in the work. The second session gives an overview of feminism and to give the indicators of women’s oppression, discrimination and sexual objectification in the work to prove that oppression of women still persists. And the third session is the conclusion.
Efektifitas Pemberian Edukasi Pengetahuan Penanggulangan Bencana pada Pelajar SMA Negeri 07 Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Elfina Titi Dwi , Subandi Andi , Rudini Dini
Published: June 2022

The number of disaster events cannot be separated from the role of the community. This study aims to determine the value of students' pretest and posttest knowledge in flood and landslide disaster management and analyze the provision of education after and after providing disaster management education. The method used is quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest with control approach. The research was conducted by giving different treatment to two groups. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 07, Sarolangun Regency, using class XII IPA II. The sample used in 1 science class was 33 students. Sampling using simple random sampling method. The results show that there is a significant difference between pretest and posttest knowledge of disaster management in floods and landslides in Sarolangun district. The value obtained in the pretest the average level of knowledge is 64.64 and the protest value is the average level of knowledge is 81.32. The results of the t-test in the first stage, namely the pretest, obtained a sing value (2 tailed) of 0.00, namely <0.05, with Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant (significant) difference in the results of the science class pretest, the results of the t-test value at the posttest stage of the sing value (2 tailed as 0.111 that is > 0.05. Thus it can be concluded that there is no significant difference (significant) between posttest and pretest results. Value pretest 64.64, with the result the percentage of > 70% can be said to be less,
Financial Development and Female Labor Income Share: Evidence from Global Data
Authors: Elveren Adem Yavuz , Kırmızıoğlu Hale
Published: June 2022

While there has been sizable literature on the effect of financial development on growth, inequality, and poverty, there are fewer studies on its impact on female labor force participation or women’s wellbeing. Using a novel dataset, this paper investigates the association between the dimensions of financial development and female labor income share for 156 countries for the period of 1991-2019 to contribute to the literature on the role of financial development in improving women’s wellbeing. The findings show that financial development is positively associated with women’s income in high-income countries but not in low-income countries. The main implication of the study is that financial development in poor countries is not sufficiently inclusive enough to create economic opportunities for women.
Implications of internal audit effectiveness on corporate governance: Research agenda
Authors: Prasad Vishwa Hamendra , Nandan Ruvendra , Sharma Nileshni Lata
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to use theoretical literature to develop propositions and suggest a research agenda on the implications of internal audit (IA) on corporate governance (CG). The paper uses institutional theory and Marx’s theory of the circuit of industrial capital to develop theoretical and justifiable propositions and highlight influential research agenda. The key variables are identified and operationalization issues are discussed. To demonstrate the relationship between CG and IA, researchers used theories such as institutional theory, agency theory, stewardship theory, and resource dependence theory (Tripathi, 2019; Činčalová & Hedija, 2020). The existing literature does not offer norms for IA effectiveness. We claim that a positive relationship between IA compliance with standards and CG could be used to assess IA performance. It is high time that the IA should be given consideration as a service to the board, and the IA should be made independent of the top management. Studies in settings where IA is well-developed and in different contexts, similar to Fiji, where IA is relatively at an early stage of development, could provide valuable insights.
Primary (congenital) occipital encephalomeningocele in a newborn born to a mother despite folic acid supplementation
Authors: Paudel Binod , Yadav Gopal
Published: June 2022

We described a case of neural tube defect (NTDs) viz., occipital
encephalomeningocele born to a mother with folic acid supplementation. A
wide interplay of genetic and environmental factors exists in its
causation. The folic acid confers advantage but the relationship with
causation of NTDs is still not clear.
Postmating isolation and evolutionary relationships among Fejervarya species from Lesser Sunda, Indonesia and other Asian countries revealed by crossing experiments and mtDNA Cytb gene sequences
Authors: Hasan Mahmudul , Kurniawan Nia , Soewondo Aris , Nalley Wilmientje , Matsui Masafumi , Igawa Takeshi , Sumida Masayuki
Published: June 2022

In order to interpret the degree of postmating isolation and the
evolutionary relationships among Fejervarya species from Indonesia
(Lesser Sunda), Bangladesh, China, and Japan, crossing experiments and
molecular phylogenetic analyses were carried out using frogs of
Fejervarya species from these countries. The crossing experiments
revealed that the reciprocal hybrids among F. iskandari, F. verruculosa,
and F. sp. Large type, and those between F. multistriata and F.
kawamurai were viable through metamorphosis, but those between F.
iskandari group and F. limnocharis group were completely or partially
inviable at the tadpole stage, and those between Southeast -Asian and
South-Asian Fejervarya groups were completely inviable at the embryonic
stage. The matured reciprocal hybrids between F. iskandari and F.
verruculosa from Indonesia, Lesser Sunda showed some degree of
abnormality in spermatogenesis. The phylogenetic analyses using mtDNA
Cytb gene sequences demonstrated that F. iskandari formed a sister clade
with F. verruculosa from Lesser Sunda, Indonesia with 8.1% sequence
divergence. Fejervaraya multistriata from China made a clade with
Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesian (topotype) populations of F.
limnocharis which showed sister relationships to F. kawamurai from Japan
with 8.9% sequence divergence of Cytb gene. Fejervarya sp. small type
from Bangladesh formed a clade with the other South-Asian members of
Fejervarya group and made a sister clade with Southeast-Asian Fejervarya
group having 23.1% sequence divergence of Cytb gene. This study showed
that the degree of postmating isolation reflects the molecular
phylogenetic relationships, and that the two species, F. iskandari and
F. verruculosa from Indonesia (Lesser Sunda) are reproductively isolated
by abnormal spermatogenesis, and genetically deviated.
Functional diversity can facilitate the collapse of an undesirable ecosystem state
Authors: Limberger Romana , Daugaard Uriah , Gupta Anubhav , Krug Rainer , Lemmen Kimberley , Moorsel Sofia van , Suleiman Marcel , Zuppinger-Dingley Debra , Petchey Owen
Published: June 2022

Biodiversity may increase ecosystem resilience. However, we have limited
understanding if this holds true for ecosystems that respond to gradual
environmental change with abrupt shifts to an alternative state. We used
a mathematical model of anoxic-oxic regime shifts and explored how trait
diversity in three groups of bacteria influences resilience. We found
that trait diversity did not always increase resilience: greater
diversity in two of the groups increased but in one group decreased
resilience of their preferred ecosystem state. We also found that
simultaneous trait diversity in multiple groups often led to reduced or
erased diversity effects. Overall, our results suggest that higher
diversity can increase resilience but can also promote collapse when
diversity occurs in a functional group that negatively influences the
state it occurs in. We propose this mechanism as a potential management
approach to facilitate the recovery of a desired ecosystem state.
Novel findings of late Cenomanian-Turonian Pachyophiid snakes, fishes and plants in the SE Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Djuric Dragana , Djeric Nevenka , Stojadinovic Uros , Djordjevic-Milutinovic Desa , Hrnjez Ljumo Miodrag , Denda Milan
Published: June 2022

New fossils from the Late Cenomanian-Turonian locality in the Bileca area are reported. The fossils include a diverse assemblage of snakelike reptile remains, fishes and plants. While fossil snakes have already been found in this area, the remains of fish and plants are reported for the first time. Based on the state of fossil preservation, the following were identified: the snake Pachyophis (Simoliophiidae), the pychnodont fish Coelodus sp., and plant remains of the flowering plants groups Magnoliidae exc. Lilianae, Arecaceae (palm trees), and Cycadopsida.
Serum orotidine: a novel biomarker of increased CVD risk in type 2 diabetes discovered through metabolomics studies
Authors: Shah Hetal S. , Moreno Lorena Ortega , Morieri Mario-Luca , Tang Yaling , Mendonca Christine , Jobe Jenny Marie , Thacker Jonathan B. , Mitri Joanna , Monti Stefano , Niewczas Monika A. , Pennathur Subramaniam , Doria Alessandro
Published: June 2022

  

Objective: To identify novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D) via a hypothesis-free global metabolomics study, while taking into account renal function, an important confounder often overlooked by previous metabolomics studies of CVD. 

Research Design and Methods: We conducted a global serum metabolomics analysis (Metabolon) in a Discovery Set from the Joslin Kidney Study having a nested case-control design comprising 409 individuals with T2D. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between incident CVD events and each of the 671 metabolites detected by the Metabolon platform, before and after adjustment for renal function and other CVD risk factors. Significant metabolites were followed-up with absolute quantification assays in a Validation Set from the Joslin Heart Study including 599 individuals with T2D, with and without clinical evidence of significant coronary heart disease (CHD). 

Results: In the Discovery Set, serum orotidine and 2-piperidinone were significantly associated with increased odds of incident CVD after adjustment for GFR (OR per SD increment=1.94, 95% CI 1.39-2.72, p=0.0001, and 1.62, 95% CI 1.26-2.08, p=0.0001, respectively). Orotidine was also associated with increased odds of CHD in the Validation Set (OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.11-1.75), while 2-piperidinone did not replicate. Furthermore, orotidine, being inversely associated with GFR, mediated 60% of the effects of declining renal function on CVD risk.  Addition of orotidine to established clinical predictors improved (p<0.05) c-statistics and discrimination indices for CVD risk (delta AUC=+0.053, rIDI=+0.48, NRI=0.42) compared to the clinical predictors alone.

Conclusions: Through a robust metabolomics approach, with independent validation, we have discovered serum orotidine as a novel biomarker of increased odds of CVD in T2D, independent of renal function. Additionally, orotidine may be a biological mediator of the increased CVD risk associated with poor kidney function and may help improve CVD risk prediction in T2D. 
Reduction in hospital length of stay and increased utilization of telemedicine during the “return-to-normal” period of the COVID-19 pandemic does not adversely influence early clinical outcomes in patients undergoing total hip replacement: a case-control study
Authors: Sarpong Nana O , Kuyl Emile-Victor , Ong Christian , Chiu Yu-Fen , Boettner Friedrich , Su Edwin P , Rodriguez Jose A , Della Valle Alejandro Gonzalez
Published: June 2022

Background and purpose: Elective total hip replacement (THR) was halted in our institution during the COVID-19 surge in March 2020. Afterwards, elective THR volume increased with emphasis on fast-track protocols, early discharge, and post-discharge virtual care. We compare early outcomes during this “return-to-normal period” with those of a matched pre-pandemic cohort.Patients and methods: We identified 757 patients undergoing THR from June to August 2020, who were matched 1:1 with a control cohort from June to August 2019. Length of stay (LOS) for the study cohort was lower than the control cohort (31 vs. 45 hours; p < 0.001). The time to first postoperative physical therapy (PT) was shorter in the study cohort (370 vs. 425 minutes; p < 0.001). More patients were discharged home in the study cohort (99% vs. 94%; p < 0.001). Study patients utilized telehealth office and rehabilitation services 14 times more frequently (39% vs. 2.8%; p < 0.001). Outcomes included post-discharge 90-day unscheduled office visits, emergency room (ER) visits, complications, readmissions, and PROMs (HOOS JR, and VR-12 mental/physical). Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for group comparisons.Results: Rates of 90-day unscheduled outpatient visits (5.0% vs. 7.3%), ER visits (5.0% vs. 4.8%), hospital readmissions (4.0% vs. 2.8%), complications (0.04% vs. 0.03%), and 3-month PROMs were similar between cohorts. There was no 90-day mortality.Interpretation: A reduction in LOS and increased telehealth use for office and rehabilitation visits did not adversely influence 90-day clinical outcomes and PROMs. Our findings lend further support for the utilization of fast-track arthroplasty with augmentation of postoperative care delivery using telemedicine.
Pain medication purchases before and after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a register study of 329,743 arthroplasties
Authors: Turppo Ville , Sund Reijo , Huopio Jukka , Kröger Heikki , Sirola Joonas
Published: June 2022

Background and purpose: Total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty are effective pain treatment in osteoarthritis; however, there are patients with long-term pain and in need of analgesics. We studied purchases of paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and neuropathic pain medication before and after THA or TKA.Patients and methods: We searched all THA (n = 149,158) and TKA (n = 180,585) cases in Finland between the years 1998 and 2018 and the drug purchases made by patients during 1997–2018 using linked Finnish register data. Drug purchases were studied in 3-month periods.Results: The purchases of all analgesics increased from 3 years before operation to 3 months before operation. Around the time of THA or TKA, the purchases of all analgesics spiked to 7–56%, depending on drug. The purchases of all analgesics decreased rapidly during the first 6 months postoperatively. Purchases of paracetamol, NSAIDs, and opioids at 6 months postoperatively (6–23%) were lower than they were at 3 months preoperatively. At 3 years postoperatively, only paracetamol purchases were lower (15–18%) postoperatively than they were 3 years before arthroplasty. NSAID, opioid, and neuropathic pain medication purchases remained higher (4–14%).Interpretation: THA and TKA stop and reduce the preoperative increases in purchases of paracetamol, NSAIDs, and opioids. The purchases of pain medications by THA and TKA patients 1 year after operation are close to those in the general population.
Track IV: Framtidens diplomati
Authors: Hauge Sigvald Tomin
Published: June 2022

Sentralforvaltningen her til lands har de siste tiårene blitt internasjonalisert. Globale spørsmål legger beslag på stadig større ressurser i staten, men samordningen mellom departementene har ikke utviklet seg i samme takt. Norsk utenrikspolitikk ligger derfor ikke bare fast, den ligger også spredt. Komplekse globale utfordringer (terror, klimaendringer, pandemier, biodiversitet, cybertrusler, migrasjon m.v.) krever et langt tettere samarbeid for blant annet å reversere økt fragmentering – i en offentlig sektor hvor vi er satt opp med sterke fagdepartementer og svake samordningsmekanismer. Samtidig innvarsler byggingen av det nye regjeringskvartalet endringer i måten norsk (utenriks)politikk vil bli gjennomført på. Forholdet mellom fagspesialister og diplomatiske generalister blir tettere og vil utfordre den diplomatiske rollen og selvforståelsen på nye måter. Diplomatiets kjerneoppgaver vil endres. Blant annet vil langt bedre koordinering bli en hovedutfordring for utenrikspolitikken. Artikkelen trekker derfor opp noen problemstillinger og forslag som innspill til debatten,
Abstract in English:Track IV: The Future of DiplomacyOver the past decades, Norwegian ministries have become more internationalized. Global issues take up ever more of their time and resources, but cross-sectorial coordination has been lagging behind. Norwegian foreign policy is therefore fragmented. Complex global challenges (terrorism, climate change, pandemics, biodiversity, cyber threats, migration, etc.) call for much closer inter-ministerial cooperation to reverse increased fragmentation – in a public sector where sectorial responsibilities are strong and coordination mechanisms few. The new block housing most of the offices of the Government in central Oslo is a signal change for how Norwegian foreign policies will be conducted in the years ahead. Sector specialists and diplomatic generalists will move closer together, working under the same roof, and this will challenge the classic diplomatic role and the way diplomats look at themselves. Our core tasks will change. Improved coordination will move to the forefront of the work we do. The article presents an idea or two for a much-needed debate.
Investigating the human health implications of e-cigarettes - An in vitro mechanistic toxicology approach
Authors:   , Mitchell Sarah M.
Published: June 2022

The number of users of e-cigarettes continues to rise, with most people opting to use electronic cigarette devices to help quit smoking tobacco cigarettes. Some non-smokers and young people are also choosing to use the devices, even if they are never-smokers. The increasing number of users of e-cigarettes and demographic of users reminds us that conducting relevant research in this area is crucial for many reasons. Although important, a lack of available relevant models to test e-cigarettes has led to a low availability of data to address concerns regarding human health hazards. Here, an in vitro model of the alveolar barrier has been created for use with a vaping machine which can directly expose cell cultures to vapour, collect emitted particles and detect chemical components independently. The model consists of an alveolar type 1-like cell line (TT1), an alveolar type 2-like cell line (NCI-H441) and macrophages (dTHP-1). This multi-cellular system formulates the ability for cells to be cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI), that mimics the alveolar region of the human lung. Once the in vitro model was fully developed, specific e-cigarette flavour syrups were selected based on their popularity (purchase levels) and the flavours containing (the most hazardous) chemicals of interest. Flavour syrups were then exposed to cell cultures using specific puff profiles to recreate direct human exposure to understand the potential risk to human health by assessing cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, measuring (pro-)inflammatory and (pro-)fibrotic mediators, and genotoxicity. Results showed that TT1, NCI-H441 and dTHP-1 cells can be cultured together in both submerged and ALI conditions. It is proposed that this cell culture model can be successfully used in future to assess potential toxicity of e-cigarette vapours and e-liquids and be used to compare to tobacco cigarette smoke. After exposure to e-liquids and vapours, TT1 cells were most sensitive to nicotine, and overall, flavoured e-liquids and vapours caused the most pronounced effects in triple cell culture and all co-culture types. These findings suggest that e-cigarette liquids and vapours are not without risks to human health, and should be routinely assessed for toxic effects, especially when containing nicotine or flavourings.
The Impact of ‘Non-Clinical’ Patient Factors (NCpF) on Clinical Decision-making: Uncovering the Impact on Mental Health
Authors:   , Burns Lauren
Published: June 2022

This thesis aimed to understand the influence of non-clinical patient factors on mental health-related diagnostic, treatment, and referral decisions. Non-clinical patient factors are characteristics of the patient that are not known to be relevant for the clinical diagnosis or prognosis. Examples of non-clinical patient factors in mental health care include gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Focus groups were conducted to understand the perceptions of patient’s mental health care experiences and identify any NCpF that varied from past literature. Then, using the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank, administrative data for participants with a gold standard indicator of mental health were linked with their healthcare records to determine associations between NCpF and being diagnosed, treated, or referred for mental health-related conditions. Finally, an experimental clinical vignette study was conducted. General practitioners were invited to answer clinical decisions based on the clinical vignettes which depicted patients with bulimia, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. All participants saw one of each disorder, however they were randomly allocated to either male, female or a control condition for bulimia, young, old or control condition for age, or high- or low- socioeconomic status or no reference for bipolar disorder. Utilising a combined methodological approach, gender, age and socioeconomic status were found to impact the clinical decision-making process. The effect of this influence varied depending on the clinical decision and disorder type. This thesis demonstrated the feasibility of using administrative and health care records to study mental health-related clinical decision-making.
Agua de los abismos. Raíces de la poética de Miguel de Unamuno
Authors: García-Baró Miguel
Published: June 2022

Para o jovem Unamuno, o socialismo e a metafísica panteísta foram desenhados, respectivamente, como as respostas à fome na esfera económica e à sede na esfera religiosa. Pensemos no aspecto prospectivo do conhecimento, ou seja, de como a metafísica olha para o futuro. Assim, em vez de previsão por cálculo que deduz das leis as suas consequências, como o fundo divino da realidade é vontade, amor, sentimento, e, por isso mesmo, não é representavel, à dedução científica devemos acrescentar a antecipação poética e, melhor ainda, a esperança amorosa, a vontade determinada que quer acompanhar a tradição eterna para prefigurar o seu significado a vir. E isto é, acima de tudo, fé viva, capaz de criar o que não vê. O grande poeta e pensador Miguel de Unamuno foi nos seus primeiros tempos um defensor e apreciador do sentimento eufórico (não do sentimento trágico) da vida. Este ensaio traça a essência desta posição e aponta a transformação subsequente e como, por outro lado, a poesia teria de se tornar o instrumento expressivo fundamental deste pensamento após a sua evolução.
De poderes abrir a vida - sobre a casa na poesia de Luiza Neto Jorge e de Daniel Faria
Authors: Teixeira Jorge
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma leitura do conceito de «casa» nas obras dos poetas Luiza Neto Jorge e Daniel Faria. Para Luiza Neto Jorge, esta casa precisa de abolir a sua imobilidade e a do mundo; o caminho é, pois, o da liberdade. Para Daniel Faria, a casa possibilita o caminho para o céu, o qual permitirá procurar o alto e ver o rosto de Deus
Pacto e exorcismo no Cordel 'A Mulher que enganou o Diabo'
Authors: Naves Alair Matilde
Published: June 2022

Este artigo pretende mostrar uma compreensão possível de pactos com o Diabo e de exorcismos desde o período colonial e situar esta mentalidade presente no cordel ‘A Mulher que enganou o Diabo’, de Manoel D’Almeida Filho. O objetivo é analisar os pactos realizados com o Diabo e verificar a inversão de poder entre a mulher e o Diabo, que é exorcizado ao final da narrativa. O referencial teórico de Laura de Mello e Souza corrobora na discussão e compreensão do contexto histórico colonial, período em que a mentalidade de pactos com o Diabo e de exorcismos povoava o imaginário popular. A teopoética é o viés da compreensão deste trabalho. Antônio Carlos Magalhães e Salma Ferraz fazem o pano de fundo teopoético deste estudo e auxiliam na aproximação entre a teologia e a literatura. A metodologia escolhida é a pesquisa bibliográfica, promovendo a compreensão do imaginário cordelista sobre pactos e exorcismos e a leitura analítica do folheto escolhido. Uma possível forma de exorcismo cultural e literário, imagético e espiritual do Diabo aparece como resultado da enganação promovida pela mulher, e se estabelece por meio do humor, da pilheria e da ridicularização aplicadas ao Tinhoso.
genealogia do inferno
Authors: Vasconcelos Henrique Mata de
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar, breve e sinteticamente, de qual maneira a imagética e imaginário do inferno surgiu e desenvolveu-se na cultura e no pensamento judaico-cristão. Para tal, buscaremos descrever o desenrolar da ideia, delimitando-nos ao não-futuro e ao sheol judaico (Antigo Testamento), ao tema do além-mundo na contemporaneidade de Jesus (Novo Testamento) e em alguns apocalipses apócrifos posteriores, assim como procuraremos compreender a influência das ideias religiosas sobre tal na interculturação do povo judaico com os seus circunvizinhos, especialmente com os persas e com os gregos. Por fim, analisaremos as imagens do lugar infernal no Apocalipse de Paulo (Visio Pauli) e na Divina Comédia de Dante Alighieri, bem como apontaremos algumas imagens que aparecem no primeiro e que se repetem no segundo texto. Com este percurso, temos em mão uma pequena síntese genealógica da aparição e da evolução deste lugar mitológico que ainda permeia o imaginário cristão.
sinagoga das mulheres
Authors: Reimer Ivoni Richter , Reimer Haroldo
Published: June 2022

Realizamos uma análise histórico-crítica feminista de Atos dos Apóstolos 16,11-15.40. Escolhemos tema e objeto pelas suas especificidades semânticas, como indícios para adentrar o mundo do texto, o protagonismo de Lídia na missão paulina e a história interpretativa eurocêntrica e patriarcal. Observamos a estrutura de Atos, seu gênero literário, sua origem e objetivo, conjunto no qual caracterizamos essa perícope do ‘Fragmento Nós’ como gênero literário de missão e fortalecimento eclesial. Sua característica literária testemunhal justifica o uso de hapaxlegomena oriundos do contexto histórico-social, ao qual a compilação final se manteve fiel. Trabalho heurístico e hermenêutica feminista possibilitaram reconstruir parte da história das origens da igreja na Macedônia a partir da missão paulina realizada na sinagoga de mulheres em Filipos. A liderança de Lídia com o grupo de mulheres na produção manufatureira e na vivência da fé judaica continuou na igreja em sua casa, após sua declaração teológica e o batismo dela e seu grupo. Compreendemos as especificidades do texto em seu contexto literário e histórico, sociocultural, geopolítico e econômico, sua significação teológica em Atos e sua contribuição para fortalecimento de mulheres e homens também hoje. O artigo pode ampliar aspectos epistemológicos, metodológicos e teológico-eclesiais por meio da análise crítica libertadora interdisciplinar.
Cristianismo e revolução
Authors: Conte Neto Carlos
Published: June 2022

Ambientado no Portugal salazarista dos anos sessenta, o romance Directa (1977) é, segundo seu próprio autor, o escritor português Nuno Bragança, “a história de alguém que vive numa perspectiva cristã a luta revolucionária”. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar de que forma cristianismo e revolução se associam no romance Directa, em especial no modo de pensar e agir do protagonista Aníbal. Para isso, iremos lançar mão de alguns elementos centrais do pensamento do padre jesuíta Teilhard de Chardin, sobretudo seu conceito de evolução, entendido como expressão de uma criação inacabada e que, portanto, continua nas mãos dos seres humanos. É nesse momento que se coloca o problema da ação, que desperta, ao mesmo tempo, sentimentos otimistas e trágicos. Afinal, para que seja concluída a criação, é necessário que os seres humanos sejam co-operários de Deus – tarefa à qual Aníbal se dedica com afinco, visionando um futuro redentor para a humanidade.
ciência moderna e o cansaço da vida
Authors: Andrade Rízia Eduarda
Published: June 2022

A ciência moderna tem oferecido muitas ferramentas de controle e manipulação da natureza e dos homens, mas a despeito dos discursos entusiastas ainda se nota negacionismos e irracionalidade no uso de instrumentos e produtos científicos. Por isso, é propício aos acadêmicos, sobretudo àqueles que trabalham com textos teológicos e/ou discursos religiosos pensar sobre o desgaste hermenêutico que o modelo científico moderno tem apresentado, e até que ponto é possível recuperar o fôlego criativo da ciência através da revitalização do discurso filosófico e literário. O objetivo deste texto é ensaístico e procura analisar a ciência moderna dentro de questões filosóficas antigas que remontam inclusive as origens comuns entre teologia e filosofia. Para tanto parte-se de um pequeno texto escrito por Fernando Pessoa como forma de pôr em questão os sentimentos de inquietação que toda a vida moderna suscita dentro dos seres humanos, a estética de Pessoa guarda um tipo único de misticismo, algo que internaliza as mudanças da mentalidade moderna inaugurada pelas descobertas da ciência moderna e ao mesmo tempo mostra um certo mal-estar intelectual frente a uma realidade carregada dos fados e enfados da vida.
Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms of Cu(II) and Fe(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Purbasari Aprilina , Ariyanti Dessy ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Sumardiono Siswo ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Khairunnisa Khansa ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Sidharta Tyaga ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

This paper describes the adsorption of Cu2+ and Fe2+ ions, common heavy metals found in industrial wastewater, by a fly ash-based geopolymer in batch adsorption experiments. Kinetics studies showed that the adsorption of each ion followed a pseudo-second order reaction. Moreover, adsorption isotherm of Cu2+ and Fe2+ ions followed the Langmuir model. Monolayer adsorption capacities were approximately 53.76 mg/g for Cu2+ ion and 52.63 mg/g for Fe2+ ion, respectively.