bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Creation of new autnonomous regions: Is this a solution for regional welfare ?
Authors: Mubai Nahdatun Nisa , Sri Kartini Dede , Sagita Novie Indrawati
Published: November 2024

This research analyzes whether expansion is a solution based on a competitive perspective, with a focus on the Nagari expansion in West Pasaman Regency. We collected data for this research using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with key informants from the Nagari government and local communities. The findings indicate that a nagari's expansion does not necessarily lead to its advancement. Many new nagari have not been optimal in managing resources, and there are ownership conflicts and competition between the parent region and newly emerging nagari, as well as the political transition process, which is hampering sustainable development. Therefore, while regional expansion offers new opportunities, the obstacles encountered underscore the necessity of assessing and enhancing policies to ensure the community's sustainable benefits and the attainment of Nagari autonomy.
Implementation of Smart Government, Smart Mobility, and Smart Living Policies in Realizing the Quality of Public Services in Yogyakarta City
Authors: Deandra Raissa Almira , Nurmandi Achmad , Dian Fridayani Helen
Published: November 2024

Major cities around the world believe in the concept of "smart cities" or "intelligent cities". This concept encourages people to participate in city management through a citizen-centered approach. This results in more active and close interaction between citizens and service providers, in this case the local government. This study examines how the Yogyakarta City government can implement e-government to become a Smart City and improve its public services by implementing smart government, smart mobility, and smart living policies. Cities around the world are currently championing this idea as the central government's idea to address various problems in different places. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method by relying on secondary data from digital mass media news which is assisted by data processing using Nvivo 14 as a research tool. Based on the results of the research, it can be found that Smart City in Yogyakarta City shows that (1) Smart Government regarding its online procedures has started to run well; (2) Smart Mobility is superior in traffic monitoring; (3) Smart Living is more prominent in indicators about security. Where with these results, Policy Implementation in the City of Yogyakarta has started to run well, but there must still be improvements, especially in Smart Government, Smart Mobility, and Smart Living so that the quality of public services in the City of Yogyakarta can run even better.
Key word: Implementation of smart government, smart mobility, smart living, Yogyakarta CIty
História e alfabetização:
Authors: Ramos Ligia Aparecida , Ruckstadter Vanessa Campos Mariano , Ruckstadter Flávio Massami Martins
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as concepções docentes sobre a possibilidade de articular o ensino de História e a Alfabetização nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram: a constituição de um Grupo Colaborativo de Estudos com professores de um município do interior do estado de São Paulo e a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise das respostas foi feita a partir do referencial da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica. Foi identificada uma preocupação dos professores em relação ao planejamento da disciplina de História, por conta do pouco tempo para se trabalhar a disciplina em virtude da preparação dos alunos para avaliações externas. Constatou-se ainda a possibilidade de articular o ensino de História e o processo de Alfabetização, fundamentados pela Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica.
Quando boas intenções se convertem em precarização
Authors: Costa Leonardo Pereira da , Souza Igor Guevara Loyola de
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa, sob a perspectiva da Pedagogia histórico–crítica, aspectos político-pedagógicos relacionados à criação da Universidade do Distrito Federal – UnDF. O projeto pedagógico dessa instituição referencia-se em concepções pedagógicas como o “aprender a aprender” e o conceito de “metodologias ativas”, tomando métodos como a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) como fundamento pedagógico. A partir do referencial materialista histórico-dialético, o texto faz uso de análise documental e observação participante no primeiro ano de funcionamento da Instituição. Observa-se que os referenciais adotados pela Universidade apresentam, no ponto de partida, aspectos de precarização da educação pública, desde a concepção da profissão docente até o esvaziamento de currículos nas diversas áreas de formação.
Exploring the predictive factors in the gastrointestinal involvement of patients with immunoglobulin A vasculitis
Authors: Öksel Betül , Şahin Nihal , Sönmez Hafize Emine
Published: November 2024

Background. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), the most common systemic vasculitis in children, typically presents with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in about half of cases. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with IgAV regarding GI involvement.
Methods. We compared the GI involvement data of the patients diagnosed with IgAV.
Results. Of the 210 patients (60.5% female and 39.5% male), 101 had GI involvement, with abdominal pain being the predominant symptom (n=98). White blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet counts, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were significantly elevated in patients with GI involvement (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.01, p=0.005, p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.03, p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). The cutoff values for SII (>1035.7), SIRI (>1.65), NLR (>2.73), and MLR (>0.28) were determined, yielding respective sensitivities of 46%, 59%, 47%, and 53%, specificities of 83.1%, 69.1%, 81.3%, and 71.9%. Corresponding areas under the curve were 0.658, 0.668, 0.649, and 0.634, respectively (all p<0.001).
Conclusion. Although IgAV is a self-limiting disease, GI involvement can lead to serious consequences. Systemic inflammatory indices such as SII and SIRI may be indicative in identifying patients with GI involvement.
Navigating the 24-Hour Home Care Market: Infrastructure as the Key to Social Care in Japan
Authors:   Toyo University, Watanabe Hiromi
Published: November 2024

Background: Long-term care insurance in Japan is a public insurance program. However, all home care service designs are based on the business market. The purpose of the present research is to examine the difficulties of 24-hour home care offered by private care providers, to clarify family styles and family care, and to consider how to build a 24-hour home care platform with private care companies, taking cues from Denmark.
Eating increases disease activity in pediatric patients with symptomatic dermographism
Authors: Eke Gungor Hatice , Turk Murat , Yucel Muhammed Burak , Koca Serkan Bilge , Yuce Atamulu Kubra , Maurer Marcus , Ertas Ragip
Published: November 2024

Background: Symptomatic dermographism (SD) is the most common form of chronic inducible urticaria. SD disease activity increases with food intake in adult patients. Whether this is also so in children with SD is currently unknown. Objective: To assess
children with SD for their disease activity by standardized provocation testing before and after eating. Methods: We subjected 44 children with SD (29 girls; median [interquartile range] age 12.5 years [8.3‐15 years]), before and after eating, to standardized skin
provocation testing with a dermographometer. Dermographometer scores were calculated based on responses evaluated at 1-minute intervals for 10 minutes and recorded as negative (‐) or positive (+ to ++++). Clinical characteristics and urticaria control test scores were documented.
Results: Dermographometer scores before eating were 2.3 of 4 on average and inversely correlated with urticaria control test scores. Dermographometer scores were higher after eating than before eating. Of 44 children with SD, 35 had increased dermographometer scores after eating
and 9 patients had a postprandial increase of ≥1 point. Eating-induced increases in dermographometer scores were linked to earlier whealing in 17 of 35 patients, and differences in preprandial versus postprandial dermographometer responses were more pronounced at earlier than later time
points after testing. Conclusion: Disease activity, as assessed by provocation testing, is increased in most pediatric patients with SD after eating. Future studies should explore the prevalence of food-exacerbated SD in larger pediatric SD populations. Most pediatric patients
with symptomatic dermographism have higher disease activity, assessed by provocation testing, after eating as compared to before eating. Standardized provocation testing and trigger threshold assessments in children with symptomatic dermographism should be performed before and after eating.
Knowledge of food-exacerbated disease may help patients with the management of their symptomatic dermographism.
Military accession, retention, and deployment: Defining the role of the allergy consultant
Authors: Hatcher Vishaka R. , Adams Karla E.
Published: November 2024

Knowledge of the military regulations is key to guiding medical evaluations for applicants and service members. Military and civilian allergy consultants are often called on for their expertise to provide guidance with regard to the allergic conditions that may be potentially disqualifying
from service per the published regulations for accession and retention. This review focuses on the role of the allergy consultant in military accession, retention, and deployments. To better understand and attempt to define the role of the allergy consultant in the process of medical evaluation
for military applicants and for active duty service members, in the context of the ongoing national recruitment and force sustainment crisis, it is imperative to comprehend the intricacies of military accession and retention guidelines. Military medical standards guidelines are easy to access
and should be used when evaluating applicants or active duty service members with allergic conditions. Medical documentation that aligns with military guidelines can help our patients streamline accession, retention, and waiver requests. The objective of this review is to provide a framework
for how to address allergic concerns in the context of military service and apply accession and retention standards as indicated for patients who present with common allergic diagnoses.
The safety of initial single therapeutic dose challenge with a 5-day prolonged drug provocation test in children with a history of low-risk non-immediate reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics
Authors: Comert Meltem , Yilmaz Topal Ozge , Guler Tugba , Tekcan Demet , Artac Hasibe , Kulhas Celik Ilknur
Published: November 2024

Background: Although the gold standard for diagnosing beta-lactam antibiotic (BLA) allergy is the drug provocation test (DPT), there is no standardized protocol for children. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and DPT results of children
with a history of low-risk non-immediate reactions (NIR) to BLA who underwent initial direct single therapeutic dose challenge with a 5-day prolonged DPT. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated children ages 0‐18 years with a history of low-risk NIRs to BLAs. On the
first day of provocation, a single-dose DPT protocol without any skin test was administered at the clinic. The therapeutic dose was adjusted to not exceed the maximum single-unit dose (MSUD) for age and weight. The DPT protocol was administered with 100% of MSUD. To identify children with
delayed reactions, the parents or caregivers were told to continue giving the medication at home for 5 days. Results: One hundred and nine children were included in this study. The median (interquartile range) age of the children was 62.5 months (26.5‐94 months).
Of the suspected drugs, the main culprit drug was amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for 89 children (81.7%). The most common clinical manifestation was maculopapular exanthema, which occurred in 85 children (78%), and 8 (7.3%) had a positive DPT result. Three children (2.8%) developed a reaction
after the first DPT dose. The remaining children continued to use the suspected BLA at home. Five children (4.7%) developed a reaction while using the drug at home. All the children with positive DPT results developed mild cutaneous signs and presented with a reaction to amoxicillin-clavulanic
acid. None had a systemic or severe cutaneous reaction. Conclusion: Initial direct single therapeutic dose challenge with a 5-day prolonged DPT is a useful and safe way to assess low-risk NIRs to BLAs in children.
Comparative analysis of the image of a Chinese migrant in the Chinese mainland media and the media of Chinese emigration
Authors: ZHAO QINGSONG
Published: November 2024

The research presents a comparative analysis of the image of a Chinese migrant in the mainland Chinese media and the media of Chinese emigration. The research is based on the study of the content of publications such as The People's Daily and Xinhua on the one hand, and emigrant media, including The World Journal and The Epoch Times, on the other. The aim of the study is to identify differences and similarities in the representation of Chinese migrants, as well as to assess the influence of the political and cultural context on the formation of their image. In the Chinese mainland media, migrants are often presented as successful and patriotic representatives of the nation, keeping in touch with their homeland, which corresponds to China's "soft power" strategy. The expatriate opposition media is also biased in shaping the image of the Chinese migrant, often labeling migration as political rather than economic. The object of the study is the materials of the Chinese mainland and migrant media on the issues of Chinese emigration in the period 2023-2024. The subject of the study is the image of a Chinese migrant in the Chinese media. The methodology of this study includes content analysis and quantitative analysis of Chinese news media texts. As a result of the conducted research, the main similarities and significant differences in the representation of Chinese migrants in mainland Chinese media and emigrant media were revealed. The image of a migrant in the Chinese mainland media is formed within the framework of state propaganda, with an emphasis on patriotism and the preservation of cultural ties with the Motherland. Migrants are portrayed as successful representatives of the Chinese nation, keeping in touch with China and promoting its interests abroad. This reflects China's state policy of strengthening "soft power" and supporting the diaspora for economic and cultural influence in the international arena. The expatriate opposition media are also biased in shaping the image of the Chinese migrant, often labeling migration as political rather than economic. On the other hand, independent expatriate media such as the World Journal reflect more diverse and often critical points of view, highlighting the problems of migrant integration, discrimination and the complexities of life in another country. Independence from the Chinese authorities allows these media to focus on practical issues, avoiding political bias.
Types of Intratextual Glosses in the Charter of Military, Cannon and Other Matters Relating to Military Science
Authors: Rudnev D. V. , Sharikhina M. G.
Published: November 2024

Purpose. The aim of the article is to describe intratextual glosses in the Charter of Military, Cannon and Other Matters Relating to Military Science, the reasons for and ways of introducing them into the text.

Results. Three sources of gloss were identified: the author of Kriegsbuch L. Fronsperger, the translators (A. Radishevsky, M. Yuryev and I. Fomin) and the publishers of the text. The glosses in the German text were formed using the conjunctions oder (in the Russian translation it corresponds to the conjunctions syrech and ili), das ist (in the Russian syrech and to yest’) and mainly served to explain the borrowed vocabulary from the Latin, in isolated cases from the Italian and the Greek. The publishers' glosses are a few bracketed inclusions, inside which an explanation is given for some obsolete nominations or variants of words. Approximately 50 glosses entered by translators explain spatial measurements, chemicals and materials, names of persons by occupation or duties, military affairs. Syntactically, they are more often formed using the conjunctions syrech and to yest’, rarely the conjunction ili.

Conclusion. Fronsperger’s rare glosses were oriented to the German reader of the second half of the 16th century, who was well acquainted with military and scientific terminology, numerous translators' glosses – to the Russian reader of the early 17th century, who was not familiar with European scientific texts of the New Age, publishers' glosses – to the reader of the second half of the 18th century, who no longer knew some Russian words of the 17th century.
Anthroponyms and Ethnonyms as Markers of the City Identity
Authors: Pitina S. A. , Kharchenko E. V.
Published: November 2024

Purpose. The article studies peculiarities of anthroponyms and ethnonyms in the city landscape. The purpose of the work is to analyze these components from the point of view of integral approach. The empirical material includes official and unofficial names of Moscow and Chelyabinsk received by continuous sampling from the city Internet sites, literary work illustrations, dictionaries.

Results. Attributive phrases with anthroponyms and ethnonyms dominate in the analyzed minor place names. Anthroponyms and ethnonyms concretize the place, the attitude to city objects. Negative or ironical connotations are typical of unofficial minor place names with anthroponyms, while ethnonyms in unofficial minor place names are of-ten neutral. The names of famous politicians, mayors, governors often become the source of transonymization which reflects critical attitude of the city residents to their activity. Abbreviation and wrong usage of the names of admin-istration representatives help create negative connotations of the minor place name.

Conclusion. The authors argue that transonymization of anthroponyms in the city linguistic landscape results in the lack of understanding of such minor place names by non-residents, but such rethought nominations of the city objects and phenomena are clear for the residents even when the inefficient representative of the city or region administration leaves the office. On the other hand, mainly the old and middle generations of the city residents recognize and use minor place names with ethnonyms.
Representations of Jewelry as a Source of Metaphorization in the Modern Russian Linguistic Picture of the World
Authors: Jia Ma
Published: November 2024

Purpose. The article describes the linguocultural specifics of metaphorization of general representations of jewelry in the Russian linguistic picture of the world. The relevance of the topic is related to the use of lexemes with the root jewel- in various contexts based on metaphorization and figurative representation of heterogeneous phenomena. The purpose of the research is to determine main directions of metaphorization in the semantic field «Jewelry» based on lexicographic data and contexts from the «National Corpus of the Russian Language». The sample consists of 144 examples with metaphorical meaning of the lexemes jeweler, jeweled and jewelry selected from the National Corpus of the Russian Language.

Results. Contextual analysis and analysis of conceptual metaphor identified 6 main slots representing the basis for metaphorization.

Conclusion. The metaphorization with the source jewel- in the Russian linguistic picture of the world describes not only qualities of a jeweler, but also the process and the result of jewelry work. The signs associated with the process and the results of jewelry work are the basis for metaphorization in most cases. Metaphorical contexts of «General representations of jewelry» predominantly reflect a positive evaluation, even while describing a criminal act, the emphasis is on accuracy and invisibility taken as positive aspects of this activity.
Animals of the Mustelid Family in the Linguistic Picture of the World of the Altaians
Authors: Oinotkinova N. R.
Published: November 2024

Purpose. The article describes zoonyms of the Altai language and folklore denoting mustelids, representatives of the fauna of the Altai Mountains. This lexical-semantic group of lexemes in the Altai linguistic culture has not been thoroughly studied yet. The identification of the lexical potential of zoonyms denoting mammals of the mustelid family provide information about the etymology, dialect variants, donative and connotative features that express ideas about those animals in the language and folklore of the Altaians, and their mythological context of use.

Results. Lexical meanings of zoonyms have been identified and established: agas /aas ‘ermine’, kish ‘sable’, borsuk ‘badger’, jeeken ‘wolverine’, saras ‘kolinsky’, ‘weasel’, kushkuly/kalazak ‘weasel’, suzar ‘marten’, ‘mink’, toktonok ‘weasel’. Of these, the general Turkic layer of vocabulary includes: agas ‘ermine’, suzar ‘marten’, kish ‘sable’, borsuk ‘badger’, küzen/joonmoiyn ‘ferret’, jeeken ‘wolverine’. Denotative and connotative features that characterize animals are presented in various folklore and literary texts that provide information about their color, body structure, habitat, and their habits.

Conclusion. In the religious and mythological picture of the world of the Altaians, such animals as kish/albaa ‘sable’, agas ‘ermine’ were revered totem animals. In relation to these animals, there were certain rules of behavior during the hunt. These factors influenced the development of a system of euphemisms in the language of hunters, formed with the help of such linguistic means of objectifying concepts as metaphor and metonymy.
Relationship Between Internet Addiction and Emotional Maturity: A Study on School and College Students
Authors: Tyagi Annu , Singh Akanksha
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction and Emotional maturity. Emotional maturity involves an individual’s adjustment skill, knowledge about self, and strategies to control self. Internet addiction is excessive use of the internet that hampers other functioning of an individual’s life. The sample of this study involved 80 adolescents out of which 40 adolescents are school going students making 50% of the total sample and the other 40 adults are postgraduate students making another 50% of the total sample. In this study the Internet addiction test (IAT) (Kimberly Young, 1995) is used to measure the level of internet use behaviour among participants. The Emotional Maturity Scale (Yashvir Singh & Mahesh Bhargava) is used to measure emotional maturity of participants. The results of this study found that there is no statistically significant difference between postgraduate and school going students on level of internet addiction. The groups are addicted to the internet up to approximately the same extent. The study also found that there is a weak but positive correlation between internet addiction and emotional immaturity. This study found no statistically significant difference for emotional maturity between school going students and postgraduate students.
Sinking skin flap syndrome: A rare complication following a craniectomy
Authors: Joshi Ria Vijay , Gandhi Dhruv Nihal , Lathiya Hardikkumar , Thapar Ravikumar Bholaram , Kamat Ritesh
Published: November 2024

Sinking skin flap syndrome is a rare condition in which neurological deterioration is seen following a large craniectomy. Patients present with sensorimotor deficits and altered mental status which may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other causes of neurological deterioration in post-craniectomy patients. The radiologist’s role is critical in such cases for early detection and prompt initiation of treatment. We present a case of sunken skin flap syndrome in a 66-year-old man following a large craniectomy done for a stroke.
Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of the parotid gland mimicking a neoplasm
Authors: Sathyanathan Babu Peter , Mridhula V. M.
Published: November 2024

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis or Küttner tumor is a benign chronic inflammatory disease of the salivary gland, most commonly involving the submandibular salivary gland in middle aged adults. We describe the magnetic resonance imaging features of a rare case of Küttner tumor with isolated parotid gland involvement in a child, to emphasize on the need for increased awareness among radiologists regarding the possibility and imaging features of this condition, and to enable its timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Paralabral cyst in cricketers – A case series
Authors: Rajan Sumanth Arjun , Perumal Suresh , Jeganathan Parthiban , Sanjay A. K. , Sivaraman Arumugam , Premkumar Sai Vineet Damodar , Mekkamannil Abrar Hassan
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

Paralabral cysts of the shoulder are rare, and it is usually associated with labral tears. Repetitive stress on the labrum due to increased training history in cricketers can cause micro-tear of the labrum. These tears commonly occur during the early cocking phase in cricketers. These longstanding micro-tears usually form paralabral cysts where the tear operates as a one-way valve. It is fairly common in cricketers who had a longer duration of training and playing history. These cysts are commonly seen in posterior-superior labral tears and SLAP tears.

Materials and Methods:

Data were obtained from a total of 12 cricketers between the period of March 2022 and July 2023. All these athletes mostly came with complaints of chronic shoulder pain, and the diagnosis was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging. All these patients were treated by arthroscopic cyst decompression with labral repair. A rehabilitation regimen was administered postoperatively to improve the functional ability of the shoulder and help the athlete to return-to-play. QuickDASH score was performed 12 months postoperatively to assess the effectiveness of the surgical outcome.

Results:

All the patients reported remission of pain and showed improvement in their QuickDASH scores compared to the pre-operative period. A properly supervised rehabilitation regimen helped the athlete to return to sport.

Conclusion:

Early diagnosis of paralabral cysts helps in preventing neurological compromise and quicker return-to-play in cricketers. Arthroscopic cyst decompression with labral repair, along with a criteria-based rehabilitation program helps in improving the functional outcome of the athlete.
Emerging trend of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia in a university hospital in Northern India – An observational study
Authors: Sarawat Deepika , Varghese Gerlin , Jamwal Ashima , Tejan Nidhi , Patel Sangram , Sahu Chinmoy
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) species has been increasing and is now of serious concern. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of VRE bacteremia at our institution. Also, the demographic pattern, associated risk factors, sensitivity pattern and outcomes associated with bacteremia caused by VRE were also estimated.

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was done in the Microbiology department of our institute from April 2022 to June 2023. All patients with blood cultures positive for Enterococcus species for the first time were included in the study. Identification was done using MALDI-Tof MS. Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing was and interpreted using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2023 M-100. The demographic details, risk factors, and the clinical outcome of the patients were collected and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:

All the data were entered in Excel sheets. The univariate analysis was done for the risk factors and outcome of the patients with VRE bacteremia and VSE (Vancomycin Sensitive Enterococcus) bacteremia. 95% confidence interval, Odd’s ratio and p-value was estimated.

Results:

During the study period, 29086 blood culture bottles were received. Of these, 2016 (6.93%) bottles flagged positive. Enterococcus species were isolated from 256 (12.69%) blood cultures. Of the 256 Enterococcus isolates, 45 (17.57%) isolates were Vancomycin resistant. Most common species were Enterococcus faecium (n=42; 93.33%). Most of the patients belonged to the age group 41-60 years (31.11%). Diabetes mellitus and neutropenia were found to be significant risk factors. All the isolates showed 100% resistance to Teicoplanin, Ampicillin, Ampicillin-sulbactam and Levofloxacin. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with VRE bacteremia as compared to patients with Vancomycin Sensitive Enterococcal (VSE) bacteremia.

Conclusion:

Proper implementation of antimicrobial stewardship rules in the hospital is the best way to overcome the increasing trend of resistance.
Surrogate immunohistochemistry markers in adult gliomas – Experience in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shrivastava Kanchan , Jain Sunila
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

The recent World Health Organization classification has recommended the usage of surrogate immunohistochemical markers for molecular classification of gliomas. However, only a few studies have attempted to study the expression of the entire panel of markers. The current study was undertaken to study the association of recognized surrogate immunohistochemical markers (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 [IDH-1], alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked [ATRX] and p53) in different histological lineages and grades of adult gliomas.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 118 cases of adult gliomas diagnosed on histopathology over a 2-year duration in a tertiary care hospital. The expression of surrogate immunohistochemistry markers (IDH-1, ATRX, and p53) in these cases was studied.

Statistical analysis:

Descriptive statistical analysis with the Statistical Package for the Social Science system version 17.0.

Results:

The frequency of IDH-1 positivity was significantly higher in oligodendrogliomas (OG: 76.5%; oligoastrocytoma: 100%) versus astrocytoma (AS) (grades 2 and 3: 48.1%). It was also significantly higher in diffuse gliomas (grades 2 and 3) versus glioblastomas (64% vs. 16.9%). Among IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas, ATRX loss was significantly higher in AS versus OGs (84.6% vs. 7.7%). P53 overexpression correlated significantly with histological subtype (AS 2,3: 55.6% vs. OG: 5.9%).

Conclusions:

The surrogate immunohistochemical panel of IDH-1, ATRX, and p53 showed significant association with distinct histopathological subtypes and is helpful in molecular stratification. Cut-offs of ≥ 10% nuclear positivity for p53 and 50% loss of nuclear ATRX expression showed a good correlation.
Actinomycosis of the gallbladder: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Singh Renu , Sharma Manupriya , Bharti Sushma , Chopra Saumya , Rana Lokesh
Published: November 2024

Actinomycosis of the gallbladder is rare, with only a few documented cases in the medical literature. Actinomyces is typically part of the normal flora of the cervicofacial region, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. Here, we report a case of a 31-year-old female who presented with pain abdomen. Radiological investigation revealed a contracted gallbladder with multiple calculi and a thickened wall. A provisional diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was considered preoperatively and hence planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Histopathological examination showed moderate lymphocytic infiltrate within the muscular layer of the gallbladder along with colonies of filamentous bacteria suggestive of actinomycosis. The relevant stains, including Gram and Giemsa, highlighted the Gram-positive bacteria and confirmed the diagnosis. Post-cholecystectomy, the patient received prolonged antibiotic therapy to prevent recurrence.
A study on the analysis of sentencing factors in cases of homicide : Focusing on gender differences
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Jo Seong Jin , Park Sang Jin
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyse whether there are gender differences in sentencing factors by dividing homicide offenders into male and female groups. The independent variables in this study are the sentencing guideline factors (eg., type of motive, premeditation, brutality) and non-sentencing guideline factors (eg., use of a weapon, concurrent offences, previous convictions). The dependent variable in this study is the length of the sentence. The dataset consists of 232 cases of homicide convictions handed down by the Seoul District Courts between 2012 and 2023. The results show that the impact of sentencing factors varies significantly by gender of homicide offenders. It reveals that premeditation, brutality, previous convictions and concurrent offences have a significantly positive impact on the sentencing of male offenders. It is found that voluntary reporting and mental and physical incapacity have a significantly negative impact on the sentencing of female offenders. For both male and female offenders, sentencing is harsher when the type of motive is more serious, whereas the victim's provocation is found to have a significantly negative impact on the sentencing. Based on the findings, this study addresses the limitations and proposes policy recommendations to reduce the gender gap in the sentencing of homicide offenders.
A Gender Difference in Moderating Effect of Two Variables between Smartphone Addiction and Cyber Bullying Victimization
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Jun Shinhyun
Published: November 2024

This study tests a gender difference in the effect of smartphone addiction on cyber bullying victimization. In addition, this study examines the moderating effect of both cyber bullying peers and low self-control between smartphone addiction and cyber bullying victimization. In surveying 256 male and female college students in Seoul, results show that the effect of smartphone addiction on bullying offending is significant in male, while its effect is not significant on female. However, it is shown that the effect of smartphone addiction on bullying victimization is significant in both male and female but its effect is stronger in female. In testing whether the moderating effect of both cyber bullying peers and low self-control are different and stronger in female than in male, it is found that the interaction effect between smartphone addiction and cyber bullying peers on cyber bullying victimization is significant in female and it is not significant in male. It is also found that the interaction effects between smartphone addiction and low self-controls on cyber bullying victimization are not significant in both male and female. Those results imply that an explanation of bullying victimization is different across male and female.
Psychological Profiling for Stalking Offenders
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Kim Eunyoung
Published: November 2024

Since the implementation of domestic legislation related to stalking, stalking crimes have continuously increased, with numerous cases escalating to severe instances of murder, thereby raising social awareness about the seriousness of stalking. While research on stalking in South Korea has developed in various forms over the years, most previous studies have focused on limited topics. Although these diverse studies and attention are necessary for the prevention of stalking and effective responses, understanding and researching the psychological characteristics, motivations, and the traits of violence risk, especially those indicating extreme violence like homicide, are critically needed. In contrast to South Korea, countries overseas have already made considerable progress in profiling research that categorizes types of stalking offenders to predict and classify their risk. Therefore, this study aims to introduce specific research on stalking typologies and psychological profiling to the domestic field by analyzing prior profiling studies from abroad. Particularly, overseas studies, which conduct profiling based on empirical research on their own stalking offenders, are expected to provide significant insights and implications for domestic research on stalking offender psychological profiling and the development of related policies.
A study on the analysis of psychological characteristics of female psychopathic criminals : Focusing on the murder case of Jeong Yu-jeong in Busan
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Hahm Hye Hyun
Published: November 2024

This study started from a critical perspective on psychopathy research, which has been conducted with a focus on men, and was conducted with the purpose of theoretically deriving the psychological characteristics of female psychopaths and verifying them through cases. The research method was to derive the characteristics of female psychopaths based on empirical studies and theories conducted to date in advanced foreign countries and compare them with the characteristics of male psychopaths. In addition, we took a method of theoretically verifying the validity of the existing theory by comparing and analyzing the results of previous research on the characteristics of female psychopathic criminals with female psychopathic cases that occurred at home and abroad. Basic data for deriving the characteristics of general psychopathy include psychopathy measurement tools developed overseas: PCL-R, PPI-R, and CAPP, TriPM.
Уточненная математическая модель теплового воздействия лазерного излучения на тело ограниченных размеров
Authors: А.П. Удалова , А.Д. Цой
Published: November 2024

В статье представлена уточненная математическая модельтеплового воздействия лазерного излучения на материалы в условиях адиабатических границ тела, основанная на классическом уравнении теплопроводности с граничными условиями первого и второго рода. Для данной модели предложена методика расчета изотермы распространения тепла в ограниченном теле и еереализация в среде PTC MathCAD. Предложенная математическая модель позволяет провести более точный расчет теплового воздействия лазерного излучения на металлы в условиях отсутствия теплообмена с внешней средой (например, в вакууме).

The article presents the refined mathematical model of the thermal effect of laser radiation on materials under conditions of adiabatic solid boundaries, which is based on the classical heat conduction equation with boundary conditions of the first and second kind. For this model, a method for calculating the heat propagation isotherm in a bounded solid and its implementation in the MATHCAD environment is proposed. The proposed mathematical model allows for a more exact calculation of the thermal effect of laser radiation on metals in the absence of heat exchange with the external environment (for example, in a vacuum).
Термические свойства высокоэнергетических композиций на основе TEX
Authors: М.В. Комарова , А.Г. Вакутин , Н.В. Козырев
Published: November 2024

В статье изложены результаты экспериментальных исследований термических свойств литьевых композиционных систем, содержащих плавкие высокоэнергетические материалы и кристаллическую составляющую. Методами термогравиметрического анализа и дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии получены термические характеристики составов, включающих 4,10-динитро-2,6,8,12-тетраокса-4,10-диазатетрацикло[5.5.0.05,9.03,11]-додекан и расплавы 2,4-динитротолуола, 2,4- динитразапентана, 2,4,6-тринитротолуола, динитрата диэтанолнитрамина, 3,4-бис(4-фуразанил)фуроксана, этоксиметил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазола, третбутил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазола, 1-метил-3-нитро-триазола. Показано отсутствие растворимости 4,10-динитро-2,6,8,12-тетраокса-4,10-диазатетрацикло[5.5.0.05,9.03,11]-додекана в расплавах плавких компонентов; проявление синергизма при нагреве высокоэнергетических композиций. Выяснено, что состав с 1-метил-3-нитро-триазолом наименее чувствителен, а с 2,4,6-тринитротолуолом содержит наибольшее количество тепла.

The article describes experimental studies of the thermal properties of cast composites containing fusible high-energy materials and a crystalline component. The thermal properties of the compositions obtained by thermogravimetry and differential scanning analysis. The compositions contained 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraox-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,9.03,11]-dodecane and additives: 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,4- dinitrazapentane, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, diethanolnitramine dinitrate, 3,4-bis(4-furazanyl)furoxane, ethoxymethyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole, tretbutyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole and 1-methyl-3-nitro-triazole. The absence of solubility of 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraox-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,9.03,11]-dodecane in melts of fusible components was shown. The synergism of the components during heating of the compositions is noted. The composition with 1-methyl-3-nitro-triazole is the least sensitive; with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene it contains the largest amount of heat.
ДИАМИНОМОЧЕВИННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС НИКЕЛЯ НА ОСНОВЕ N,N'-динитромочевины
Authors: Д.С. Ильясов
Published: November 2024

Исследовано взаимодействие N,N'-динитромочевины с гидроксидами Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ и Co2+ в присутствии N,N'-диаминомочевины. Показано, что при смешении водных растворов N,N'-диаминомочевины и Cu2+, Ni2+ солей N,N'-динитромочевины образуются нерастворимые в воде осадки, а с металлами Zn2+ и Co2+ образуются комплексы в водных растворах, структура которых была установлена методом спектрофотометрии. Трудности на стадии выделения из реакционной массы связаны с гигроскопичностью получаемых веществ. Для получения кристаллических продуктов реакцию проводят в концентрированных растворах. Взаимодействием N,N'-динитромочевины с гидроксидом никеля в присутствии диаминомочевины впервые синтезирован катионный комплекс никеля (2+), содержащий в своем составе 3 моля лиганда N,N'-диаминомочевины и аниона N,N'-динитромочевины. Синтезированные вещества были идентифицированы с помощью ЯМР, ИК, УФ спектроскопии и элементного анализа, а также DSC и TGA анализов. Проведенный расчёт брутто состава соответствует Ni2+((O2NN)2C=O)2-((H2NHN)2C=O)3(H2O).

The interaction of N,N'-dinitrourea with Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Co2+ hydroxides in the presence of N,N'-diaminourea has been studied. It was shown that when mixing aqueous solutions of N,N'-diaminourea and Cu2+, Ni2+ salts of N,N'-dinitrousurea, water-insoluble precipitates are formed, and with metals Zn2+ and Co2+, complexes are formed, which were determined in aqueous solutions using UV spectrophotometry. Difficulties at the stage of isolation from the reaction mass are associated with the hygroscopicity of the substances obtained. To obtain crystalline products, the reaction is carried out in concentrated solutions. By reacting N,N'-dinitrousurea with nickel hydroxide in the presence of diaminourea, a cationic complex of nickel (2+) was synthesized for the first time, containing 3 moles of the N,N'-diaminourea ligand and the N,N'-dinitrousurea anion. The synthesized substances were identified using NMR, IR, UV spectroscopy and elemental analysis, as well as DSC and TGA analysis. The gross composition calculation performed corresponds to Ni2+((O2NN)2C=O)2-((H2NHN)2C=O)3(H2O).
Метод статусных функций при математическом моделировании фазовых переходов
Authors: Ф.Х. Кудаева
Published: November 2024

Математическое моделирование и расчет теплопередачи через многослойную среду путем теплопроводности с возможностью возникновения в отдельных слоях фазовых переходов возникает во многих областях, в том числе: в криомедицине, в криобиологии, и в других областях, где происходит фазовый переход. Цель предлагаемой работы: разработка метода обработки шумов, возникающих при низкотемпературном воздействии на биологические ткани. Предложен математический метод, основанный на использовании комплексных статусных функций, выдвинутую В.С.Пугачевым, где случайная функция, над которой нужно произвести те или иные преобразования, представлено в виде суммы элементарных случайных функций, которое называется каноническим разложением. К задачам с фазовыми переходами при низкотемпературном воздействии применен метод, основанный на использовании комплексных статусных функций. С помощью метода статусных функций можно предсказывать состояния системы, которые относятся к случайным функциям. Для заданного набора измерений на основе суперпозиции элементарных случайных функций с весовыми коэффициентами получено распределение, характеризующее состояние. Предложен метод обработки и интерпретации данных измерения ошибок на основе статусных функций, который учитывает взаимовлияние исследуемых процессов. Полученные в настоящей работе результаты могут быть полезны специалистам, которые занимаются задачами со свободными границами.

Mathematical modeling and calculation of heat transfer through a multilayer medium by thermal conductivity with the possibility of phase transitions in individual layers occurs in many fields, including: in cryomedicine, in cryobiology, and in other areas where phase transition occurs. The purpose of the proposed work is to develop a method for processing noise arising from low-temperature exposure to biological tissues. A mathematical method based on the use of complex status functions, put forward by V.S.Pugachev, is proposed, where the random function over which certain transformations need to be performed is represented as a sum of elementary random functions, which is called canonical decomposition. A method based on the use of complex status functions is applied to problems with phase transitions under low-temperature exposure. Using the method of status functions, it is possible to predict the states of the system, which relate to random functions. For a given set of measurements, based on a superposition of elementary random functions with weighting coefficients, a distribution characterizing the state is obtained. A method for processing and interpreting error measurement data based on status functions is proposed, which takes into account the mutual influence of the processes under study. The results obtained in this work can be useful for specialists who deal with tasks with free boundaries.