bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of Gensingen Bracing in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nan Xiaofeng , Kuru Çolak Tuğba , Akçay Burçin , Xie Hua , Zhao Liwei , Borysov Maksym
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Bracing is an essential part of scoliosis treatment. The standard of brace treatment for patients with scoliosis today is still very variable in terms of brace quality and outcome. The Gensingen brace is a further developed Chêneau brace derivative with individual design, which can be adapted through computer-aided design.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to generate a template to obtain a database for prospective multicenter studies study to analyze the results of high-corrective asymmetric Gensingen brace treatment for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

METHODS

A template for the database was created, which contains the patients' basic data (age, menarcheal status, Risser Sign, curve pattern, and daily brace wearing time), the Cobb angles of curvature, and the cosmetically relevant angles of trunk rotation (ATR). A retrospective review of medical records of patients with AIS, who met the Scoliosis Research Society’s inclusion criteria for brace studies, was performed to test the feasibility of the template. Template items were filled in by the researchers.

RESULTS

Out of 115 patients between 2014 and 2018, the complete data of 33 patients followed up at least 3 months after complete Gensingen brace weaning could be analyzed. The mean age was 12 years, the mean Cobb angle was 33.6°, and the mean Risser value was 0.7 at the beginning of the treatment. The mean improvement in the Cobb angle on in-brace x-ray imaging was –26.1० (80% of in-brace correction). The Cobb angle of the major curvature changed as follows: curve stabilization was achieved in 7 (21.2%) cases, and curve improvement was achieved in 26 (78.8%) cases. None of the patients showed a curve progression. The Cobb angle was significantly reduced in the brace at the end of treatment and at follow-up evaluation (P<.001). ATR improved significantly for thoracic (P<.001) and lumbar curves (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The database proved to be informative in the assessment of radiological and clinical outcome parameters. The example data set we have generated can be a helpful tool for professionals who work in clinics but do not store regular patient data. Especially with regard to different patient collectives worldwide, different results may be achieved with the same standards of care. In addition, the results of this study suggest that above-average correction effects with a full-time brace application lead to significant improvements in the Cobb angle after brace treatment has been completed.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ong Winslet , Omar Noor Arfa , Zanudin Asfarina , Alias Muhamad Faiz , Hui Wen Lim , Thang Xue Ee Angel , Mohd Nordin Nor Azlin , Manaf Haidzir , Husin Basri , Ahmad Mahadir , Hisham Hafifi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that often leads to significant impairments in physical function, leading to disability and mental health disorders. Hence, understanding the prevalence of SCI and the relationship between physical activity and mental health in individuals with SCI is crucial for informing rehabilitation strategies and optimizing outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to comprehensively analyze existing research on the link between physical activity and mental health and identify the level of physical activity and mental health status, the barriers to physical activity, and SCI’s impacts on psychological well-being in individuals with SCI.

METHODS

An electronic search strategy will be used to identify prevalence studies published since 1993 in health-related databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, COCHRANE Library, and Wiley Library using the following query: “Spinal Cord Injury” OR “Paraplegia” OR “Tetraplegia” AND “Physical Activity” OR “Exercise” AND “Mental Health” OR “Mental Illness” OR “Mental Disorder.” Bibliographies of primary studies and review articles meeting the inclusion criteria will be searched manually to identify further eligible studies. The risk of bias in the included studies will be appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for prevalence studies by 2 review authors. Any disagreement will be resolved by reaching a consensus.

RESULTS

Funding was received in October 2023, data collection will commence in July 2024, and the results are expected by 2025. We will summarize the selection of the eligible studies using a flowchart. The data from the studies will be extracted and tabulated. This scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal in accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review underscores the complex relationship between physical activity and mental health among individuals with SCI, highlighting the level of physical activity and mental health status, barriers to physical activity engagement, and psychological implications. Understanding these dynamics is crucial in devising tailored interventions aimed at enhancing mental well-being. This synthesis of evidence emphasizes the need for personalized strategies to promote physical activity, addressing unique challenges faced by this population to foster improved mental health outcomes and overall quality of life.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework osf.io/ugx7d; https://osf.io/ugx7d/

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/56081
INVESTIGATING THE TOXICITY OF BETALAIN COMPOUNDS: IN SILICO ANALYSIS AND IN VIVO PREDICTIONS FOR STANDARDIZED BETA VULGARIS L. EXTRACT
Authors: NUGRAHA SONY EKA , KELIAT JANE MELITA , MARIANNE  , SYAHPUTRA RONY ABDI
Published: January 2024

Objective: Extensive research has been conducted on beetroot's antioxidant, hematoprotective, and cardioprotective properties. However, there currently needs to be more available evidence pertaining to the toxicity assessment of the extract. The toxicity assessment was conducted using both in silico and in vivo methods. Prior to testing, the extracts were standardized in accordance with the guidelines set by the Indonesian Food Drug Authority (BPOM), which is the regulatory authority for food and drugs in Indonesia.
Methods: The experimental subjects consisted of 25 male Wistar rats in good health, weighing between 150 and 170 grams. These rats were separated into five groups, each including five rats. Group 1 will serve as the control group, while groups 2 through 5 will be designated as the treatment groups. The analysis of chemical toxicity was conducted using pK-CSM, SwissADME, and Pro-Tox II methodologies.
Results: The results indicated that the standardized ethanol extract contained 4.341% water, 3.67 % total ash, and 1.53 % acid-insoluble ash. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were absent at a concentration of 0 parts per million (ppm). Subsequently, the total plate count and yeast mould count were 0.47 5 x 10-4 (CFU/g) and a of 0.382 x 10-4 (CFU/g) respectively. This finding implies that the extract meets BPOM requirement. This study also measured the betalain content of red beetroot, yielding a total concentration of 11.34 0.37 mg/100 gram of sample. Haematological experiments showed that beetroot extract affected rat blood haematology. Compared to the control group, rats given the extract had higher red blood cell and platelet counts. Additionally, the Insilico toxicity test conducted on the active component derived from beetroot revealed LD50 of the compounds ranged from 305 mg/kg so that were categorized into classes IV and presence of hepatotoxic potential. During the in vivo experiment, there has been a notable rise in hepatic and renal parameters. Furthermore, one mortality event occurred in the test subject at a 5,000 mg/kg body weight dosage.
Conclusion: Single oral administration of the extract at a dose larger than 5,000 mg per kilogram of body weight does not result in lethal effects, however showed potential toxicity to the liver.
Connecting arrowheads: Differential transmission of information at the dawn of the Bronze Age
Authors: Jiménez-Puerto Joaquín
Published: January 2024

The study of the relationships between prehistoric social groups is one of the main targets in present day archaeology. A useful tool to entangle this issue is social network analysis (SNA). Some of the advantages brought by this mathematic approach refer to the possibility of studying relationships through the material culture items, or its capability to integrate different scales of analysis (macro-micro). Moreover, SNA combined with the application of bayesian statistical methods of chronological attribution can create long range diachronic series of relational information, connected with prehistoric social groups dynamics. This methodology enables archaeologists to study archaeological big data from a totally different perspective, not only focused on a descriptive or morphometric point of view. The objective of this work is to apply an SNA procedure, together with a recently developed bayesian tool of chronological attribution, to archaeological sites located in the East of the Iberian Peninsula during the 4th and 3rd millennium cal. BCE using chert arrowheads as an archaeological proxy, due to the chronologic implications their morphology has, in the referred geographic frame. It is our specific target to analyse the transition between the Bell-Beaker world and the Bronze Age, through the differential transmission of information and the time-space variability present in the archaeological record, through the study of relationships between chert arrowheads assemblages. In order to do so, we will build a relational framework between the social communities present in the Late Neolithic-Copper Age through the chert arrowheads morphologic typologies, and we will apply SNA to characterize the resulting networks. Furthermore, we will propose a new metric to quantify the cultural fragmentation using community detection algorithms, in a diachronic axis, to identify groups of sites with homogeneous technological behaviour, to check the initial hypothesis which points to the existence of periods of cultural homogeneity followed by others in which fragmentation-regionalization is dominant.
Light in the cave: Opal coating detection by UV-light illumination and fluorescence in a rock art context
Authors: Quiers Marine , Chanteraud Claire , Maris-Froelich Andréa , Chalmin Emilie , Jaillet Stéphane , Noûs Camille , Pairis Sébastien , Salomon Hélène , Monney Julien
Published: January 2024

The formation of silica coatings on the cave walls of the Points cave raises questions about the analytical access to the specificities of the pictorial material (geochemistry and petrography); and about the state of conservation of the rock art. Conventional in situ spectroscopic techniques (pXRF, pRaman) are ineffective to identify and characterize these coatings. In this study, we propose to use a UV fluorescence method for the detection and recognition of opaline coatings, based on the fluorescence specificities of the uranyl-silica complexes composing these deposits. Spectral identification using UV laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with UV illumination was performed on samples, µ-samples and on the walls of the Grotte aux Points rock art site. The well-defined peaks observed in the fluorescence emission spectra due to uranyl ions validate the detection of the complex opal-uranyl and its correspondence with the green fluorescence observed under UV light at micro and macroscopic scales. In situ optical measurements under UV illumination reveal the presence of an opal layer, in particular on the rock art walls of the cave. Observations on the occurrence and distribution of opal provide the first insights into the evolution of the walls and the chronological constraints on the development of the opal layer. regarding the interactions between the silica coating and the pigment suggested by the multi-scale observations of the µ-samples, it opens the question of rock art conservation. Thus, by developing a specific method of non-destructive characterization of opal coatings, this study starts a new approach for the study of the taphonomy of decorated walls and proposes to use siliceous mineralization both as a marker of the natural history of caves and as an index of their use by ancient human groups.
Virtual Trip to the Abric Romaní site and its lithic procurement areas
Authors: Gómez de Soler Bruno , Soto María , Soares Remiseiro Miguel , Chacón M. Gema
Published: January 2024

This paper introduces the virtual field trip organised on the occasion of the 13th International Symposium on Knappable Materials in Tarragona from 4th to 6th October 2021, showing the Abric Romaní site (NE Iberian Peninsula) and the chert procurement areas located within a 30 km radius.
The Abric Romaní section consists of a general presentation of the Middle Palaeolithic site, including a brief description of its 50 m stratigraphic sequence, where more than 20 archaeological levels have been identified dating from 110 to 39 ka BP, and some of the main traits of the archaeological assemblages have been recovered. This was followed by an introduction of the siliceous outcrops of the Panadella cherts approximately 24 km from the Abric Romaní; the Sant Martí de Tous chert outcrops 16 km away and the Valldeperes and Ca l’Alemany chert outcrops at distances of 24 and 25 km, respectively. In all cases, the geological formations, as well as the main chert macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, are described.
This paper yields the most relevant aspects of a field trip that had to be recorded due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but which brought us back together and facilitated the presentation of the main source areas frequented by the Neanderthals groups of this referential site.
Report: Pedagogy and skill acquisition in flint knapping
Authors: Cerasoni Jacopo Niccolo , Giudici Christina M. , Ehler Kara M. , Befeler Lillian , Benson Jasper Sha , Bieri C. Luc , Elliott Emma , Fess Emily L. , Lenz Kylie , Majetich O. Liv , McGuire Zophia E. , Hallett Emily Y.
Published: January 2024

The recent application of a new pedagogical workflow for flint knapping training showcases the high degree of skill acquisition that can be reached in 10 hours of guided practice.
Impact of Portfolio Authentic Assessment on Students’ Learning Outcomes of Nahwu at Modern Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Mahmudi Ihwan , Imani Aisyah , Yasin Indriyanti Chevira , Pooteh Rohani
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to investigate the potential beneficial impact of portfolio assessment on the learning outcomes of Nahwu lessons of fourth-grade students at the Modern Islamic Boarding School of Al-Ikhlash Female in Kuningan, West Java. The study used an experimental methodology and a quantitative research approach. The research sample included all fourth graders. The research was carried out during the odd semester of academic year 2022. A quasi-experimental design used to evaluate the effectiveness of portfolio assessment, with the experimental class implementing portfolio assessment while the control class continued to use the standard evaluation method. The learning outcomes of the students in the control class produced an average score of 71.67. Comparing the experimental class’ score, which used portfolio assessment, it become clear that the students’ comprehension of the Nahwu material had significantly improved. These results showed that portfolio evaluations have a chance to improve fourth-grade students’ learning outcomes in Nahwu.
Laboratory Study on Some Potential Histological Changes Induced by the Toxicity of a Mixed Insecticide (spinetoram + methoxyfenozide) on The Spiny Bollworm, Earias insulana
Authors:   Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt, Ashraf F.A
Published: January 2024

Ashraf, F.A., M.A. Kandil and M.A.M. Shalaby. 2023. Laboratory Study on Some Potential Histological Changes Induced by the Toxicity of a Mixed Insecticide (spinetoram + methoxyfenozide) on The Spiny Bollworm, Earias insulana. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(4): 437-443. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.4.437443 The present laboratory study was conducted using the larvae of spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) to observe the correlation between the toxicity effect and the potential histopathological changes induced by feeding with LC50 of the pesticideUphold (36% SC), a commercial insecticide mixture formulation of two active ingredients [spinetoram 6% + methoxyfenozide 30% (w/v)]. The microscopic observations showed morphological variations in the midgut and fat body that indicated a defect in the performance of their functions. The treated larvae showed modifications in the midgut tissues vs the control sections, whereas the epithelial cells seamed without any distinct stratification and had malformed morphology along the midgut. The peritrophic membrane lining loss was evident. The abdominal fat body of the treated larvae appeared in densely spread lobes, accumulating and occupying an enormous portion of the abdominal cavity. Its cellular components were characterized by their large size compared to the untreated ones. The results obtained indicated that the tested mixed insecticide gained its properties from its active ingredients. The findings herein indicated that chronic exposure to the applied insecticide could be considered stressful conditions affecting different aspects of fat body functions needed for late vital activities. That effect could be viewed as a possible disruptive impact on the detoxification mechanism and biosynthetic-fat body functions required during the advanced stages ofthe development and maturation of the treated larvae. Keywords: Spinetoram, Methoxyfinozide, Spiny bollworm, Earias insulana, Midgut, Fat body
Screening of promising clones of Gmelina arborea Roxb. at gene bank with higher productivity: a multipurpose tree species
Authors:   Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam, India, Borpuzari Papori Phukan , Chand Tara ,   Forest Research Institute, New Forest, Dehradun, India
Published: January 2024

To study the screening of clone, 25 clones of Gmelina arborea were selected based on height, collar diameter, DBH, straightness of the stem and insect susceptibility from total seventy (70) numbers of clones. Among them, 25 numbers of clones were selected considering the above parameters. Selected clones shows the performance for the clone number GA017and GA39 is in the same position (height 22.13±0.64 m) as best performing best and GA106 and (height 21.45±0.86 m) is in second position and collar diameter GA017 (67.07±0.57 cm) and GA106 (68.30±0.48 cm) respectively. Wood density parameters of different clones at gene bank were estimated as minimum range of clone number GA044as fresh weight 0.65 gm, total length 4.10 cm, fresh volume 0.59 gm, dry weight 0.24 gm and the maximum range resulted in GA008 as fresh weight 1.27 gm, total length 7.77 cm, fresh volume 1.13 gm, dry weight 0.48 gm.
Forage growth, yield and nutritional characteristics of five African foxtail ecotypes grown at Magadu dairy farm in Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors:   Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), PO Box 3004, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania, Lutatenekwa Dorice L. , Mtengeti Ephraim J. ,   Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), PO Box 3004, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania, Msalya George M. ,   Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), PO Box 3004, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania,   Tanzaia Dairy Board, PO Box 17029, Dodoma, Tanzania
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to assess the forage growth, yield and nutritional characteristics of five ecotypes of African foxtail (Cenchrus ciliaris) grown under the similar environmental condition at Magadu Dairy Farm (MDF), a facility of Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in Morogoro, Tanzania. The ecotypes used in the study were collected from semi-arid areas of three districts namely Kiteto (Ologoraing’ok namelock and Ologoraing’ok twanga ecotypes), Mpwapwa (Nzingangata and Orupilipili ecotypes), and Kilolo (Iramata mtandika ecotype). Each ecotype was planted in a 12 m2 plot with plants interspacing of 0.5 m, 1.5 m space between plots and three replications. Then 30 tussocks were randomly sampled per ecotype and their plant height, tiller number, inflorescence length, leaf length and leaf mid-width were recorded. The dry matter yield and Nutritional characteristics were analysed from the harvested above-ground biomass in two quadrats of one square metre per plot at the age of six weeks from standardization cut. The results indicated significant variation (p-value<0.05) among ecotypes on the studied characteristics. Orupilipili ecotype indicated higher mean values of plant height (93.8 cm), leaf area (25.8 cm2), inflorescence length (10.1 cm) and dry mater (10.35 tDMha-1). Ologoraing’ok namelock had the lowest growth and yield characteristics except mean tiller numbers (197.3). The lowest-yielding ecotype indicated the highest percentage of Crude Protein (21.15), Acid Detergent Fibre (31.35) and ash content (16.91) but with the lowest Neutral Detergent fibre (55.89). Correlations were significant for all pairs of traits assessed. Discriminant tests suggested close relationship between Ologoraing’ok namelock and Ologoraing’ok twanga, Nzingangata and Iramata mtandika but each ecotype indicated a significant number (>46%) of unique individuals. This study recommends further study on the ecotypes when subjected to stresses such as defoliation, salinity and drought.
Characterizing the existing woodland forest to determine forest habitat management options in Gamogofa zone, southern Ethiopia
Authors:   Central Ethiopia Environment and Forest Research Centre, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, P.O.Box: 24536 (Code 1000), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Yilma Getaw , Edaso Aliyi ,   Hawassa Environment and Forest Research Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia, Teshome Shamble ,   Hawassa Environment and Forest Research Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia
Published: January 2024

Ethiopian woodlands are vital for the conservation of plant diversity, including genetic pools of Combretum-Terminalia woodland. However, the woodlands are continuously shrinking and need empirical scientific studies for their effective conservation and sustainable management. These studies was, therefore, conducted to characterizing the existing woodland forest and synthesize literature to determine forest habitat management options in Gamogofa zone, southern parts of Ethiopia. A total of 30 (20 m × 20 m) quadrants for tree/shrubs and 5 m × 5 m for sapling and seedlings were sampled to identify and describe composition, population structure, species diversity, regeneration status, and importance value index (IVI) of woodland forest species. The analysis was done by excel, and results show that a total of 57 woody plant species were recorded. The study site woodland species, were 327 (11.36%) trees/shrubs, 2344 (81.45%) saplings, and 207 (7.19%) seedlings. The value of the Shannon diversity index and evenness were recorded 2.66 and 0.87, respectively. Combretum adenogonium had the highest IVI followed by Acacia mellifera, Euclea divinorum, Cadaba farinosa, Balanites aegyptiaca and accounted for 44% of the total species. Combretum paniculatum, Ficus ovata, Strychnos innocua, Grewia bicolor and Cordia africana were species with lower IVI. The ratio of seedlings and saplings to mature individuals was 0.7:3, respectively. The entire woodlands are good, fair and poor regeneration was recorded 0, 67%, and 33% respectively. 18% of the species had neither seedlings nor saplings. The forest has no good regeneration of species, so it needs immediate management intervention to conserve biodiversity and protect the ecosystem services.
Satellite-based approach for forest fire prediction: A case study from Lebanon
Authors:   Lebanese University, Lebanon, Farhat N. , Mehyddin M. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Ibrahim H. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Fadel B. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Sheib A. ,   Department of Geology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
Published: January 2024

Forest fires are one of the severe natural hazards that frequently occur in the Mediterranean Region, as a result of the increased temperature from global warming. The damage in the forest area has been exacerbated lately, making it necessary to adopt systematic tools based on scientific techniques. This can be performed by producing vulnerability maps for forest fires. The production of vulnerability maps can be attained by integrating several indices to determine the likelihood of fires. The most applicable indices are the Structural Fire Index (SFI), Fire Risk Index (FRI), and Hybrid Fire Index (HFI). However, the geographical location of the study area (exposed to hot and dry east winds during spring and autumn) requires adopting a new indicator for forest fire prediction, with enhanced methodology according to the temporal and spatial dimensions. In this study, satellite datasets were used to identify inducing factors and then mapping these factors as GIS layers with all required calculations. For this purpose, Sentinel-2 satellite images were processed with the Google Earth Engine (GEE) to compare the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) change, related to the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) changes at the same time. A comparison was also made between the years 2015 and 2020 for (NDVI) and (NBR) (Pre, Post). The considered dataset parameters are: elevations, slopes, aspect, NDVI, temperature, humidity, wind direction and distance from residential areas and roads. The extracted geospatial data from satellite images for building GIS layers were manipulated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) which enabled the integration of different indices to end up with the vulnerability map for the forest fire. It represents a supportive tool for decision-makers to adopt the best forest fire prediction and intervention plans.
An Approach toward Integrated Management for Wadi Haseeb Watershed using Remote Sensing GIS and Hydrological modeling System, East Khartoum, Sudan
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum. Khartoum, Sudan, Eisa Bushra Mohammed Ahmed Musa , Saeed Amir Bakheit ,   Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum. Khartoum, Sudan, Dafalla Mohammed Salih ,   Department of Soil & Environment Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum. Khartoum, Sudan
Published: January 2024

This study has been conducted in Wadi Haseeb Watershed, which originates from the upland in South East of Khartoum State. It descends in the North West direction to the confluence with the Blue Nile. The objective of this study was to specify an integrated management strategy to harness the potentiality of the watershed for sustainable agricultural purposes. An integrated approach of remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), hydrologic engineering center geospatial hydrologic modeling extension (HEC-GeoHMS) and hydrologic modeling system (HMS4.0) was performed to develop a daily rainfall-runoff model. The watershed was delineated and divided into four basins yielding an average water volume of 23 million cubic meters month-1. The results indicated that the first scenario needed 48 MCM month-1 whereas watershed discharge was 23 MCM month-1 with a deficit of 25 MCM month-1. The second scenario needed 32 MCM month-1, leading to a deficit of 9 MCM month-1. The third scenario needed 4 MCM month-1 with a water surplus of 19 MCM month-1. However, it was not economically and technically feasible to construct a canalization system for this small area. The questionnaire analysis indicated that high flood levels increased the cultivated area of some farms from 0.8 to 22 ha and the yield of sorghum from 400 to 2500 kg ha-1. The effect of the flood on the cultivated area and crop yield was highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during high flood periods and significant (P ≤ 0.05) during the low floods.
Comparative petiole and stem anatomy of species of the genera Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe in South-western Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile ife, Osun, Nigeria, Mary Olutayo Tolulope , Okerinmola Arogundade Oluwabunmi ,   Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile ife, Osun, Nigeria, Akinwunmi Akinloye Johnson ,   Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile ife, Osun, Nigeria
Published: January 2024

The petiole and the stem anatomy of Kalanchoe and Bryophyllum species were studied to document characters that are of taxonomic importance among the species. The species are Kalanchoe crenata, Kalanchoe lanceolata, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Bryophyllum delagoense and Bryophyllum houghtonii. Transverse sections of the median region of the petioles and the stem of each of the species were made using a Reichert sliding microtome at 8-15μm thickness. Unifying and diagnostic features were also identified. Unifying features such as starch grains present on the petiole, parenchymatous pith in the stem were recorded. Diagnostic features such as biseriate to multi seriate epidermis in the stem of Bryophyllum pinnatum were also recorded. The unifying characters suggest that the species of the two genera should be combined into one genus Kalanchoe with sections under it.
Remote sensing and GIS to assess land degradation: A case study from Lebanon
Authors:   Department of Geography and Department of Surveying Engineering, Lebanese University, Lebanon, Farhat N. , Ayoub M. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Kobeissi A. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Makki H. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, Fadel B. ,   Islamic University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
Published: January 2024

Lebanon is known for its natural components, notably its natural resources. Nevertheless, inadequate management practices have led to the depletion of these resources in recent times. In the last few years, several aspects of land degradation in Wadi El Hjeir have been well-pronounced, and this has been associated with natural and human interference. This includes climate change, forest fire, quarrying, overgrazing, chaotic wastes disposal, and other unfavourable human activities For this reason, a set of satellite images (e.g., Sentinel-2) were processed to detect land cover changes between 2015 and 2020, although there is a short period of time between 2015 and 2020 because of sentinel-2 quality and its bands we were able to detect some differences in the land degradation that exists since the period of time should be 20 years to observe the differences but because sentinel-2 is modern as for its images we were able to observe the differences in this short time period. This has been accompanied by GIS application. The study aimed at determining the spatial and temporal changes in Wadi El Hjeir, a typical of Lebanese protected area, which has been designated lately as a Natural Reserve .The achieved work was based on identifying the major factors of land degradation, which were determined using satellite images for geo-spatial data extraction, and GIS for data analysis and manipulation where quantitative components were also addressed to identify changes in land use distribution over the last five years. This has been followed with field surveys to investigate in-depth the types and dimensions of land degradation in the area of study.
Genotype-environment (GE) interaction study for different growth characters and estimation of genetic parameters to identify phenotypically superior clones of Gmelina arborea Roxb.
Authors:   Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam, India, Borpuzari Papori Phukan , Ravi N. ,   Institute of Wood Science & Technology (IWST), Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Kachari Jatin ,   Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam, India
Published: January 2024

The genotype interaction study of established clonal trials of Gmelina arborea was estimated for different the growth characters in the three different environmental conditions. Total 25 numbers of selected clones were established. Among the clones, across the three environments for collar diameter (CD) best clone observed GA096, GA034, GA104. Considering the height (Ht) clone number GA116, GA103, GA96 shows best and for the number of branches (Br) the clones GA045, GA016, GA099 resutled best. Estimation of genetic parameter of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits collar diameter, height and branches per plant resulted 13.96%, 11.54% and 11.74%, respectively. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) recorded 18.14%, 19.62 % and 22.32%, respectively. Heritability (h2) recorded 9.19%, 34.64% and 27.69% respectively. The genetic advances, as percent of means are 22.12%, 14.00% and 12.73% for collar diameter, height and branches per plant respectively.
Pengaruh Frekuensi Tayang Iklan Instagram Terhadap Pembelian Paket Wisata Di Era New Normal
Authors: Saputra I Kadek Arya Darma , Wiyasha Ida Bagus Made , Sari Retno Juwita
Published: January 2024

Media Sosial Instagram adalah salah satu media yang sangat banyak digunakan untuk mempromosikan suatu usaha atau bisnis agar memperoleh penjualan yang tinggi. Salah teknik pemasaran yang dapat dilakukan dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan jumlah pembelian yaitu dengan beriklan pada media sosial instagram. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh frekuensi tayang iklan di instagram @explorenusapenida terhadap pembelian paket wisata ke nusa penida di era new normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode riset kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengolah data pembelian paket hasil beriklan di media sosial instagram pada tahun 2020 – 2021 yang diperoleh langsung di travel agent @explorenusapenida. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mengungkapkan bahwa promosi yang dilakukan oleh pemilik akun Instagram @explorenusapenida mengenai daerah wisata pulau nusa penida menunjukkan pengaruh positif dari hasil regresi yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat keputusan pembelian paket berpengaruh sebesar 30% sedangkan sisanya 70% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar penelitian ini.
 
Social Media Instagram is one of the media that is very widely used to promote a business or business in order to get high sales. One marketing technique that can be done in an effort to increase the number of purchases is by advertising on Instagram social media. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the frequency of ad serving on Instagram @explorenusapenida on purchasing tour packages to Nusa Penida in the new normal era.This study uses quantitative research methods. This research was conducted by processing data on purchasing packages resulting from advertising on Instagram social media in 2020-2021 which were obtained directly at the travel agent @explorenusapenida. The data analysis technique in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis.The results showed that the promotion carried out by the owner of the Instagram account @explorenusapenida regarding the tourist area of the island of Nusa Penida showed a positive influence from the regression results which can be said that the level of purchasing decisions has an effect of 30% while the remaining 70% is influenced by other factors outside of this study.
Analisis Kualitas dan Minat Es Krim Berbahan Campuran Ubi Ungu
Authors: Putra I Made Oka Dharma , Wardana Miko Andi
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas dan minat es krim berbahan campuran ubi ungu yang ditinjau dari segi rasa, tekstur, warna dan aroma, untuk mengetahui berapa lama daya tahan dari es krim berbahan campuran ubi ungu dan, untuk mengetahui taraf kesukaan calon konsumen pada es krim berbahan campuran ubi ungu. Sedangkan, ubi ungu merupakan makanan umbi-umbian yang banyak tersebar di nusantara ini karna sangat mudah di jumpai di toko-toko terdekat dan harganya pun tergolong murah. Adapun metode yang dipergunakan dalam pembuatan es krim berbahan campuran ubi ungu ini yaitu: eksperimen, test organoleptic, observasi, kuisioner, dokumentasi. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif, Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari data instrument test penilaian. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian diolah, dianalisis, dipersentase, dan disajikan dalam bentuk kolom baris. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, Hasil dari “Kualitas Dan Minat Es Krim Berbahan Campuran Ubi Ungu” Sebagai pengetahuan sebagai seorang yang bergelut dibidang kuliner dalam memanfaatkan ubi ungu yang jarang disukai oleh golongan anak muda dan masih dapat dimanfaatkan.
 
Knowing this research is to determine the quality and interest of ice cream made from a mixture of purple sweet potatoes in terms of taste, texture, color and aroma, to find out how long the shelf life of ice cream made from a mixture of purple sweet potatoes and, to determine the level of preference of potential consumers on ice cream. cream made from purple sweet potato mixture. Meanwhile, purple sweet potato is a root food that is widely spread in the archipelago because it is very easy to find in the nearest shops and the price is relatively cheap. The methods used in making ice cream made from a mixture of purple sweet potato are: experiment, organoleptic test, observation, questionnaire, documentation. This research is quantitative. The data in this study were obtained from the data instrument test. The data that has been collected is then processed, analyzed, percentage, and presented in the form of rows and columns. The conclusion of this study is, the results of "Quality and Interest of Purple Sweet Potato Mixed Ice Cream" As knowledge as someone who is struggling in the culinary field in utilizing purple sweet potato which is rarely liked by young people and can still be used.
Cyrano de Bergerac by Edmond Rostand in Marina Tsvetaeva and Nadezhda Teffi’s Projections: Changing Gender Accents
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zuseva-Özkan Veronika B.
Published: January 2024

The article examines the creative reception of Edmond Rostand’s play Cyrano de Bergerac (1897) in a number of lyrical and dramatic works by Marina Tsvetaeva of the 1910s and early 1920s, and in the short story by Nadezhda Teffi Cyrano de Bergerac (1926) in the gender aspect. It is established that in Teffi’s short story male and female roles are firmly distinguished, and the heroine’s attempt to play a masculine role is shown as ridiculous: the woman cannot renounce her femininity, and, even if she wants to play the role of Cyrano, she will certainly fall into that of the Princess Far-Away. In Tsvetaeva, on the contrary, the roles and patterns of Rostand’s plays are used as part of the assertion of androgyny of her lyrical heroine and the female characters of her plays, where the highest valor and the highest charm lie precisely in the ability to rise above one’s sex and thereby become creatures of the spirit who overcame the flesh (a motive that certainly is also present in Rostand). Both in the case of Tsvetaeva and in the case of Teffi, the creative reception of Edmond Rostand’s plays is associated with specific “literariness” of writing generated by the selfreflexive nature of Rostand’s work itself.
Tramp, Mother, Wench: Personality and Body of the Main Character in M. Gorky’s Short Story A Woman
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Orlova Anna A.
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the image of Tatyana, the main character of M. Gorky’s short story A Woman (1912). The story is included in the cycle Through Russia, the purpose of which is to create “a sketch of the soul of Russian people”, however, it also develops gender issues, contains echoes of the ideas of V.V. Rozanov about the rehabilitation of the flesh and the worship of women’s vitality vitality, while not reaching the metaphysical “deification of sex”; for A.M. Kollontai this heroine becomes an artistic anticipation of the emerging social type of the “new woman”. Tatyana embodies both the real type and the abstract idea of the writer about the ideal femininity, endowed with maternal features. The perception of Tatyana by the narrator reveals the problematic nature of the category of compassion for Gorky in its connection with jealousy, aggression and sexual desire. Sexuality in the story is depicted as a reproductive principle, which moves the universe created in the space of the cycle. Tatyana’s personality is shown as contradictory, it combines independent thinking, rebelliousness, striving for a good goal and “passivism”, condemned by Gorky as a national trait.
Ellen Wood’s Novel East Lynne in the “English Code” of Anna Karenina
Authors:   Tver State Technical University, Pavlova Nadezhda I.
Published: January 2024

The experience of studying the work of Leo Tolstoy in the aspect of the influence of the English novel tradition proves the attention of the Russian classic to the works of female Victorian writers, including not very famous, such as, for example, M.E. Braddon. This article adds to the list of English women writers, which were important for Tolstoy, the now almost forgotten, but at one time extremely popular novelist, a bright representative of the genre of the sensational novel Ellen Wood (1814–1887), who wrote under the pseudonym Mrs. Henry Wood. In particular, the question of the probable influence of her most successful novel East Lynne, which has gained worldwide recognition, on the creative consciousness of Leo Tolstoy at the time of writing Anna Karenina is considered. The mention of the writer in his letters, the presence of her books in the Yasnaya Polyana library prove Tolstoy’s interest in her work. It is established that the string of events in E. Wood’s novel about an unfaithful wife, her affair, suffering and death is consonant with the plot scheme of Tolstoy’s novel in the context of the general theme of family breakdown and female infidelity. The plot, thematic and ideological parallels of the two works are revealed. The central theme of E. Wood’s novel is illegal passion, forbidden sexuality, violation of the moral law, which corresponds to the origins of Tolstoy’s novel design. The novel East Lynne expands the range of sources in the functioning of the “code” of the English novel in Anna Karenina and encourages further study of English popular literature in connection with Tolstoy’s work, including in the gender aspect.
Ideal and Identity in Hermann Hesse’s Novel Demian from Gender Perspective
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Erechneva Varvara D.
Published: January 2024

The article considers the problem of representation of gender identity in the novel by H. Hesse Demian: The Story of Emil Sinclair’s Youth (1919). The characteristics of the main female figures are consistently analyzed, and on this basis the conclusions about the evolution of the narrator’s perception of the feminine ideal are drawn. There is a connection between the change of understanding of “femininity” and formation of the narrator’s own moral and ethical views. The protagonist’s rejection of conventional representations and perception of the world through binary oppositions, as well as his assertion of necessity to appeal to individual nature as the basic elements of his worldview, are applied in the novel not in the least for the reflection of gender. The issue of gender identity is placed in the novel on the same level as the ethical issues, thus overcoming both the idea of biological or other deterministic identity and the strict differentiation between the masculine and the feminine. The perception of the category of Jungian archetypes in the novel is also considered. The dynamics of construction and representation by the narrator of his own “I” is analyzed through psychoanalytic concepts. The problem of gender in the novels by H. Hesse has been underresearched by Russian scholars. This article offers a new approach to the writer’s legacy, allowing to read his texts from the relevant methodological perspectives.
Critical Reception of the Early Poetry by Marina Tsvetaeva in the Context of Discussion on Women’s Creativity
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Krylov Vyacheslav N.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to reconstruct the perception of Marina Tsvetaeva’s early poetry in the literary criticism of the 1910s, while taking into account modern approaches in literary studies. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditionality of certain assessments and interpretations of Tsvetaeva’s poetry by the literary position of critics and their attitude towards women’s creativity in general. The novelty of the approach lies in the fact that the analysis of the reception of Tsvetaeva’s early poetry is refined by taking into account the gender specificity of Russian critical thought, as well as ideas about female subjectivity in Russian culture. Both well-known articles about Tsvetaeva and less well-known ones are used for this analysis. We pay particular attention to women’s magazines, which published reviews and surveys of women’s literature. It is demonstrated how, on the one hand, Russian criticism showed interest in the possibilities of women’s poetry and its advantages over male literature and how, on the other hand, this trend was significantly weakened by pointing out its usual shortcomings and weaknesses. The vast majority of critics considered Tsvetaeva’s early collections Evening Album and Magic Lantern within the framework of the discussion about women’s creativity and approached their assessment in terms of compliance / non-compliance with two polar ideas: according to the first of them, female creativity is fundamentally different from the male one (more intimate, emotional, etc.) and requires special evaluation criteria, and according to the second, the author’s gender is not decisive and the female text should be approached with general literary criteria.