bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic difficulties of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescent girls
Authors: Ságodi László , Barkai László
Published: January 2013

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. It occurs in 6–8% of the female population in the reproductive age. The syndrome may be associated with various metabolic disorders which may impair the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. The diagnosis in adults is usually established by the presence of three criteria. Polycystic ovary syndrome can be also identified in adolescent girls. Although the clinical, hormonal and metabolic features are similar to those found in adult women, it may be difficult to distinguish normal adolescents from those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Irregular menstruation, anovulatory cycles, and acne are not uncommon in adolescents, and polycystic ovary syndrome may mimic physiological anovulation in adolescents. There is a high probability of polycystic ovary syndrome if anovulatory cycles persist for more than 2 years. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents may require a unique set of criteria, however, there are no generally accepted recommendations for the diagnostic work-up. The authors propose that hyperandrogenemia is often the most reliable finding in this age group, and it may be prudent to define adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria. Obesity in adolescent girls may increase the severity of symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome and this underlines the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 136–142.
Hormonal imprinting in the central nervous system: causes and consequences
Authors: Csaba György
Published: January 2013

The notion of the perinatal „hormonal imprinting” has been published at first in 1980 and since that time it spred expansively. The imprintig develops at the first encounter between the developing receptor and the target hormone – possibly by the alteration of the methylation pattern of DNA – and it is transmitted to the progeny generations of the cell. This is needed for the complete development of the receptor’s binding capacity. However, molecules similar to the target hormone (hormone-analogues, drugs, chemicals, environmental pollutants) can also bind to the developing receptor, causing faulty imprinting with life-long consequences. This can promote pathological conditions. Later it was cleared that in other critical periods such as puberty, imprinting also can be provoked, even in any age in differentiating cells. The central nervous system (brain) also can be mistakenly imprinted, which durably influences the dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic system and this can be manifested – in animal experiments – in alterations of the sexual and social behavior. In our modern age the faulty hormonal imprintig is inavoidable because of the mass of medicaments, chemicals, the presence of hormone-like materials (e.g. soya phytosteroids) in the food, and environmental pollutants. The author especially emphasizes the danger of oxytocin, as a perinatal imprinter, as it is used very broadly and can basically influence the emotional and social spheres and the appearance of certain diseases such as auitism, schizophrenia and parkinsonism. The danger of perinatal imprinters is growing, considering their effects on the human evolution. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 128–135.
Aggregated filter‐feeding consumers alter nutrient limitation: consequences for ecosystem and community dynamics
Authors: Atkinson Carla L. , Vaughn Caryn C. , Forshay Kenneth J. , Cooper Joshua T.
Published: January 2013

Nutrient cycling is a key process linking organisms in ecosystems. This is especially apparent in stream environments in which nutrients are taken up readily and cycled through the system in a downstream trajectory. Ecological stoichiometry predicts that biogeochemical cycles of different elements are interdependent because the organisms that drive these cycles require fixed ratios of nutrients. There is growing recognition that animals play an important role in biogeochemical cycling across ecosystems. In particular, dense aggregations of consumers can create biogeochemical hotspots in aquatic ecosystems via nutrient translocation. We predicted that filter‐feeding freshwater mussels, which occur as speciose, high‐biomass aggregates, would create biogeochemical hotspots in streams by altering nutrient limitation and algal dynamics. In a field study, we manipulated nitrogen and phosphorus using nutrient‐diffusing substrates in areas with high and low mussel abundance, recorded algal growth and community composition, and determined in situ mussel excretion stoichiometry at 18 sites in three rivers (Kiamichi, Little, and Mountain Fork Rivers, south‐central United States). Our results indicate that mussels greatly influence ecosystem processes by modifying the nutrients that limit primary productivity. Sites without mussels were N‐limited with ∼26% higher relative abundances of N‐fixing blue‐green algae, while sites with high mussel densities were co‐limited (N and P) and dominated by diatoms. These results corroborated the results of our excretion experiments; our path analysis indicated that mussel excretion has a strong influence on stream water column N:P. Due to the high N:P of mussel excretion, strict N‐limitation was alleviated, and the system switched to being co‐limited by both N and P. This shows that translocation of nutrients by mussel aggregations is important to nutrient dynamics and algal species composition in these rivers. Our study highlights the importance of consumers and this imperiled faunal group on nutrient cycling and community dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.
China's drought strategies in rural areas along the Lancang River
Authors: Li Hao , Gupta Joyeeta , Van Dijk Meine Pieter
Published: January 2013

Given that climate change is likely to exacerbate drought in certain parts of the world, a critical issue is how appropriate context-relevant drought policy can be developed and implemented. This paper examines how China is developing policies to help local communities in the Lancang River Basin to cope with the problems of climate variability and change. The research process includes (a) content analysis of relevant policies at different levels of administration and (b) stakeholder interviews to examine how effective policies are at the local level along the Lancang River in Yunnan province. The paper concludes that China needs to provide more emphasis on (a) enhancing the adaptive capacity of institutions and individuals, (b) drought risk rather than disaster management, (c) enhancing coordination between different departments and levels of government, (d) decentralization in policymaking as local governments can make context-relevant comprehensive policies more easily and are less hierarchical in their relationships, (e) involving farmers or other stakeholders in decision making, (f) building up grass root organizations to support policy implementation to compensate for the retreat of governmental organizations from the local level and (g) adopting market mechanisms which are still in a nascent stage now.
Efficiency evaluation of urban water supply services in an Indian state
Authors: Kulshrestha Mukul , Vishwakarma Amit
Published: January 2013

Water supply services in urban India are essential functions of urban local bodies or municipalities. These services are mostly perceived as unsatisfactory across urban centres and the sector is widely perceived to be misgoverned with large number of municipalities making financial losses. However, this common perception of inefficient services has not much scientific basis as the efficiencies of these services are not measured. This paper, therefore, attempts to evolve a framework for evaluating the relative inefficiencies of water supply services and applies a non-parametric approach, data envelopment analysis (DEA), to 20 urban centres in the state of Madhya Pradesh in India, by applying three different models. The results of the analysis indicate that there are significant inefficiencies amongst the various municipalities that supply water. It was found that larger cities exhibit better efficiencies than smaller ones, requiring policy interventions. However, even the larger municipalities need restructuring and downsizing of their operations to be more efficient. DEA results also show that significant savings with respect to operating expenditures, staff and non-revenue water are actually possible if best practices are adopted. The paper discusses the results of the study in the context of policy issues that are relevant from a developing country perspective.
Distributed Storage Healthcare — The Basis of a Planet-Wide Public Health Care Network
Authors: Kakouros Nikolaos
Published: January 2013

Background:

As health providers move towards higher levels of information technology (IT) integration, they become increasingly dependent on the availability of the electronic health record (EHR). Current solutions of individually managed storage by each healthcare provider focus on efforts to ensure data security, availability and redundancy. Such models, however, scale poorly to a future of a planet-wide public health-care network (PWPHN). Our aim was to review the research literature on distributed storage systems and propose methods that may aid the implementation of a PWPHN.

Methods:

A systematic review was carried out of the research dealing with distributed storage systems and EHR. A literature search was conducted on five electronic databases: Pubmed/Medline, Cinalh, EMBASE, Web of Science (ISI) and Google Scholar and then expanded to include non-authoritative sources.

Results:

The English National Health Service Spine represents the most established country-wide PHN but is limited in deployment and remains underused. Other, literature identified and established distributed EHR attempts are more limited in scope. We discuss the currently available distributed file storage solutions and propose a schema of how one of these technologies can be used to deploy a distributed storage of EHR with benefits in terms of enhanced fault tolerance and global availability within the PWPHN.

We conclude that a PWPHN distributed health care record storage system is technically feasible over current Internet infrastructure. Nonetheless, the socioeconomic viability of PWPHN implementations remains to be determined.
Spring barley performances in the Pannonian zone
Authors: Przulj Novo , Momcilovic Vojislava
Published: January 2013

Environmental conditions in the Pannonian zone can be characterized with
moderate high temperature and partially water deficit during grain filling of
spring barley, although low temperature and water deficit are possible also
in period till anthesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the variation
of the duration of the period from emergence to anthesis (VP), duration of
grain filling period (GFP), plant height (PH), spikes number m-2 (SN), grains
number spike-1 (GN), thousand grains weight (GW) and yield (YIL) in spring
two-rowed barley in conditions of the Pannonian zone. All three factors;
genotype, environment and the interaction GxY affected the studied traits.
Average VP was 777 GDD, GFP 782 GDD, PH 78 cm, SN 523, GN 28.2, GW 43.2 g and
YIL 6.26 t ha-1. Variation across varieties was higher than across growing
seasons. Heritability varied from 0.66 for YIL to 0.94 for VP and GFP. This
study confirmed that a sufficiently large genetic variability must be base
for selecting appropriate varieties for the Pannonian zone conditions. In
order to determine high yielding and quality barley extensive research in
relation to breeding, variety choice for production and growing practice must
be done.
Leek hybrid yield potentional and relation on adaptation to light interception under nitrogen supply
Authors: Savic Dubravka
Published: January 2013

We have studied the effect of nitrogen supply on growth as well as relation
on adaptation to light interception of leek (Allium porrum L.,) hybrid Alita,
genotype of known genetic background. During the vegetative and generative
plant growth phases, besides genetic potential many factors affect their
productivity. The aim was to investigate genome expression dependent on
nitrogen nutrition and light interception. Nitrogen in correlation with light
availability has important effect on the growth of plants and the formation
of leaf area, what it is necessary for yield of dry matter. Investigation has
been done in open field grown leek commercial hybrid Alita (Allium porrum
L.,) to consider the way of its genotype response to correlation of light
interception and nitrogen nutrition. Investigated traits are leek crop
productivity, light interception and chemical analyses of plants. Leek crop
productivity was determined through the dry matter production, leaf area
development and light interception. Analyses of leek plants comprehended
chemical determination and calculation of total nitrogen concentration,
nitrogen critical concentration in dry matter, nitrogen demand and, nitrogen
uptake in leek crop. Correlation among investigated parameters was assigned
to comprehensive hypothetical model of growth and productivity of leek crop
grown at open field.It was shown that for nitrogen uptake (Nu), nitrogen
demand (ND) and total nitrogen concentration (Nt) parameters variants of
mineral nutrition plays significant role (pNu=0.002; pND=0.045; pNt=0.011).
Obtained results indicated that correlation of nitrogen and light
interception could be used as criteria in plant breeding.
The development of the ecological paradigm: From school towards nature
Authors: Andjelkovic Sladjana , Stanisavljevic-Petrovic Zorica
Published: January 2013

This work contemplates on the possibility of the development of the
ecological paradigm through the process of learning in authentic natural
environments. The support to the development of the ecological paradigm is
given by the current reformatory processes in schools that increasingly
promote the openness of schools and the transfer of the stuffy process into
informal environments, natural and social surroundings. Natural surroundings
are filled with new challenges and comprise a challenging environment for
students where they can explore, experiment, realize the relationships
between objects and occurrences in nature. Authentic natural surroundings are
a new kind of lecturing situation where they are given a chance for
situational, cooperative and studying through experience. Being in touch with
nature has effect on the cognitive, affective and psychomotoric development
of the students, also on the building of a new kind of attitude towards
nature based on the interconnection and mutual condicionality.
Significance and challenges of the tourism policy in the modern world
Authors: Jovicic Dobrica , Mirkovic Andrijana , Sibinovic Mikica
Published: January 2013

Raising awareness in expert circles and the general public about the
heterogeneity of effects caused by tourism (economic, social, cultural,
ecological), imposed the need for organized guidance of development of this
activity and its placement under the framework of public (government) policy.
Accordingly, today in almost all developed tourist countries are being used
different instruments to control the development of this complex phenomenon
of the modern age. In this paper, special attention is paid to the analysis
of the role, importance, models, processes of development and implementation
of tourism policy, in the context of the general policy and other sectoral
policies brought by governments in developed tourist countries and countries
trying to become such. Tourism policy today is the starting point of the
thinking process in the tourism industry. It is focused on directing the
development of tourism at all levels (international, national, regional,
local), that is, it must create a long-term and integral development
perspective.
Opportunities for development of ecotourism in central Banat
Authors: Cuculovic Rodoljub , Mrksa Milutin , Djekic Tatjana , Cuculovic Ana
Published: January 2013

Increasing interest in the preserved nature caused the emergence of
ecotourism as epoch-making tourism activities with minimal impact on
environment of tourist destinations and locality. Natural features and
protected natural resources of the Middle Banat a good basis for the
development of ecotourism, but it is necessary to serious and responsible
approach in the planning of tourism development potentials into new usable
value.
Simple MCBR models of chemical evolution: An application to the thin and the thick disk
Authors: Caimmi R.
Published: January 2013

Simple multistage closed-(box+reservoir) (MCBR) models of chemical evolution,
formulated in an earlier attempt, are extended to the limit of dominant gas
inflow or outflow with respect to gas locked up into long-lived stars and
remnants. For an assigned empirical differential oxygen abundance
distribution (EDOD), which can be linearly fitted, a family of theoretical
differential oxygen abundance distribution (TDOD) curves is built up with the
following prescriptions: (i) the initial and the ending points of the linear
fit are common to all curves; (ii) the flow parameter k ranges from an
extremum point to ? ?, where negative and positive k correspond to inflow and
outflow, respectively; (iii) the cut parameter ?O ranges from an extremum
point (which cannot be negative) to the limit (?O) ? related to |k|? + ?. For
curves with increasing ?O, the gas mass fraction locked up into long-lived
stars and remnants is found to attain a maximum and then decrease towards
zero as |k|? + ? while the remaining parameters show a monotonic trend. The
theoretical integral oxygen abundance distribution (TIOD) is also expressed.
An application is made to the EDOD deduced from two different samples of disk
stars, for both the thin and the thick disk. The constraints on formation and
evolution are discussed in the light of the model. The evolution is
tentatively subdivided into four stages, namely: assembling (A), formation
(F), contraction (C), equilibrium (E). The EDOD related to any stage is
fitted by all curves where 0 ? ?O ? (?O) ? for inflowing gas and (?O) ? ? ?O
? 1.2 for outflowing gas, with a single exception related to the thin disk (A
stage), where the range of fitting curves is restricted to 0.35 ? ?O ? (?O)
?. The F stage may safely be described by a steady inflow regime (k= -1),
implying a flat TDOD, in agreement with the results of hydrodynamical
simulations. Finally, (1) the change of fractional mass due to the extension
of the linear fit to the EDOD, towards both the (undetected) low-metallicity
and high-metallicity tail, is evaluated and (2) the idea of a thick disk -
thin disk collapse is discussed, in the light of the model.
Comparison of normotensive and glaucoma simplex patients according to age and sex
Authors: Stojcic Milan , Hentova-Sencanic Paraskeva , Stojcic Biljana , Sencanic Ivan
Published: January 2013

Introduction. According to the level of intraocular pressure (IOP), open
angle glaucoma is divided into high tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal tension
glaucoma (NTG). Objective. To determine if there are differences in the
distribution of patients by age and sex between NTG and HTG. Methods. Our
prospective study included 30 patients with NTG and 30 with HTG. A complete
eye examination was performed. The examination included measuring of
intraocular pressure by Goldmann applanation tonometry, examination of optic
disc head by indirect ophthalmoscopy with Volk 90 D lens and visual field
examination using the Octopus program. Results. The average damage of visual
field in the group of patients with NTG was 8.14?4.43 dB, while in the
group with HTG it was 7.40?2.84 dB (p>0.05). The average age of the group of
patients with NTG was 66?11.58 years, while among those with HTG the average
age was 59.7?11.63 years (p<0.01). Among the patients with NTG there were
three times more women than men (?2=9.124; p<0.01), while in the group of
patients with HTG there were more men than women, but without statistically
significant difference between the tested groups (?2=1.851; p>0.05).
Conclusion. Open angle glaucoma is a disease of elderly population. According
to our results, risk factors for this disease can be age and sex. NTG is more
frequently present than HTG among elderly population and females.
Quality of treatment in gouty patients considering EULAR recommendations
Authors: Radak-Perovic Marija , Zlatkovic-Svenda Mirjana
Published: January 2013

Introduction. There are 12 recommendations for gout treatment, based on
evidence and opinion of experts. Objective. To assess the quality of therapy
in patients with gout analyzing adherence to four selected recommendations.
Methods. Retrospective cross sectional study of 111 patients with gouty flare
was conducted. Adherence to selected recommendation was defined as odds ratio
between the number of patients whose therapy adhered to treatment
recommendation and the number of patients eligible for the relevant
recommendation. These recommendations refer to indications for allopurinol
treatment (R1), prophylaxis of induced gouty flares in the first month of
allopurinol treatment (R2), treatment goals (R3), and treatment monitoring
regime (R4). Results. Out of 111 patients with gout, 25 with tophi, 87 with
frequent gouty flares and 46 with CUA or X-ray erosions were indicated for
allopurinol treatment. The adherence to R1 was 76% for tophi patients, 54%
for patients with frequent gouty flares, and 63% for patients with CUA. None
of the patients starting allopurinol was either recruited for gouty
prophylaxis or monitored properly; adherence to R2 as well as to R4 was 0%.
Target serum uric acid (SUc) rating below 360 ?mol/L was achieved in 13/50
patients treated with allopurinol, while the adherence to R3 was 26%.
Therapeutic monitoring in accordance with P4 was not done in any of the
patients on allopurinol. There were no differences in mean levels of the SUc
between allopurinol users and non-users: 471.3?164.4 vs. 460.0?103.5 ?mol/L
(p=0.067). Therefore, almost every second patient with gouty flares was on
allopurinol therapy (50/111). Conclusion. The degree of deviation in relation
to the key principles of correct treatment in patients with gout ranged from
a relatively high (24%) to that of absolute digression (100%).
Ascending aorta false aneurysm as a late complication of aortic valve surgery
Authors: Bilbija Ilija , Velinovic Milos , Vranes Mile , Djukic Petar , Savic Dragutin , Putnik Svetozar
Published: January 2013

Introduction. False aneurysms of the ascending aorta represent a rare but
potentially fatal complication of cardiac surgical procedures. Predisposing
factors are aortic dissection, infection, connective tissue disorders,
chronic hypertension, aortic calcifications and aortotomy dehiscence. At the
beginning they are usually asymptomatic, but later various symptoms arise as
a consequence of vital structures compression. Potential risk of rupture
rises with time and pseudoaneurysm enlargement. From surgical point of view
treatment of such cases represents a unique challenge because of the great
danger of inadvertent opening of the aneurysm during resternotomy. Case
Outline. A 58-year-old female patient underwent aortic valve replacement due
to severe aortic stenosis in 2004. Operation and postoperative recovery were
uneventful. Three years later she started complaining about chest pain. On
chest X-ray there was upper mediastinal widening. CT scan showed a
pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta located in front of the right atrium
and right ventricle, which was subsequently verified by angiography. During
redo operation the pseudoaneurysm was successfully resected and aorta closed
with separate ethybond sutures with pledgets. Conclusion. Postoperative
pseudoaneurysms of the ascending aorta mostly arise from the suture lines.
The most useful diagnostic procedures are contrast CT scan, echocardiography,
angiography and MRI. Surgical intervention is absolutely indicated. The
institution of cardiopulmonary bypass by alternative ways before chest
opening is strongly recommended.
Authors’ reply
Authors: Stolic Radojica , Djordjevic Zorana
Published: January 2013

nema
Sensitivity of composite materials to ambient light and clinical working time
Authors: Miletic Vesna , Savic-Stankovic Tatjana , Stasic Jovana
Published: January 2013

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine sensitivity of composite
materials to ambient light by a modified standard ISO 4049:2000 and clinical
working time. Materials and Methods. The following materials were tested:
nano-hybrid Herculite XRV Ultra (Kerr), micro-hybrid Herculite XRV (Kerr),
Zmack (Zhermack), SuperCor (SpofaDental) and Valux Plus (3M ESPE). Five
samples in each group were exposed to ambient light of 8000 lx, which
comprised dental unit light and natural light. After 60 sec of exposure, each
sample was visually examined for signs of inhomogeneity meaning that material
did not pass the test. Clinical working time was studied by applying a
custom-built, standardized indenter into composite specimens of about 2 mm
thickness during the same exposure to ambient light. Completion of
polymerization was tested by dissolving samples in ethanol and measuring the
difference in thickness before and after the test. Results were statistically
analyzed using ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05. Results. Only
Herculite XRV Ultra passed the test of sensitivity to ambient light, while
other materials showed signs of inhomogeneity. Herculite XRV Ultra showed
significantly longer working time than other composites, the average was 250
sec (p<0.05). The mean values of working time for other materials ranged
between 117-131 sec and there was no significant difference between them
(p>0.05). Conclusion. Due to the lower sensitivity to ambient light and
significantly longer clinical working time compared to micro-hybrid
composites, Herculite XRV Ultra can be recommended for clinical procedures
that require prolonged working time with material in plastic condition.
Series solution of entropy generation toward an isothermal flat plate
Authors: Malvandi Amir , Ganji Domairry , Hedayati Faraz , Kaffash Hossein , Jamshidi Moein
Published: January 2013

The steady 2-D boundary layer flow over a flat plate is studied analytically
by homotopy perturbation method to analyze the entropy generation inside the
boundary layer with constant wall temperature. By the transformations of
governing equations including continuity, momentum, and energy by similarity
variables, a dimensionless equation for entropy generation inside the
boundary layer is obtained. The effects of important parameters such as
Reynolds and Eckert numbers are investigated and the physical interpretations
of the results are explained in details.
Numerical investigation into natural convection heat transfer enhancement of copper-water nanofluid in a wavy wall enclosure
Authors: Cho Ching-Chang , Yau Her-Terng , Chen Cha’o-Kuang
Published: January 2013

Numerical investigations are performed into the natural convection heat
transfer characteristics within a wavy-wall enclosure filled with Cu-water
nanofluid. In the paper, the bottom wall of the enclosure has a wavy geometry
and is maintained at a constant high temperature, while the top wall is
straight and is maintained at a constant low temperature. The left and right
walls of the enclosure are both straight and insulated. In performing the
simulation, the Boussinesq approximation is used to model the governing
equations. The study examines the effect of the nanoparticle volume fraction,
the Rayleigh number, the wave amplitude, and the wavelength on the heat
transfer characteristics. It is shown that the heat transfer performance can
be enhanced as the volume fraction of nanoparticles increases. It is also
shown that for a given Rayleigh number, the heat transfer effect can be
optimized via an appropriate changing of the geometry conditions.
Vortex shedding patterns in flow past inline oscillating elliptical cylinders
Authors: Huang Li-Zhong , Nie De-Ming
Published: January 2013

Vortex shedding patterns in flow past inline oscillating elliptical cylinder
are simulated by lattice Boltzmann and direct forcing/fictitious domain
method which is validated by finite volume method when this cylinder is
fixed. The modes of vortex shedding are analyzed in detail by changing the
amplitude and the frequency of oscillation by using the first method in this
paper.
Experimental study on nanoparticle deposition in straight pipe flow
Authors: Yin Zhao-Qin , Lou Ming
Published: January 2013

Loss of the number of nanoparticles within pipe may lead to significant
change of particle number distribution, total mass concentration and
particles mean size. The experiments of multiple dispersion aerosol particles
ranging from 5.6 nm to 560 nm in straight pipe are carried out using a fast
mobility particle sizer. The particle size number distribution, total number
concentrations, geometric mean size and volume are acquired under different
pipe lengths and Reynolds numbers. The results show lengthening the pipe and
strengthening the turbulence can promote the particle deposition process. The
penetration efficiency of smaller particle is lower than the larger one, so
the particle mean size increases in the process of deposition.
Numerical investigation of a capsule-shaped particle settling in a vertical channel
Authors: Nie De-Ming
Published: January 2013

The previously developed lattice Boltzmann - direct forcing/fictitious domain
method is improved by introducing a multiple-relaxation-time model, and a
detailed investigation of sedimentation of a capsule-shaped particle settling
in a channel is carried out. The effects of blockage ratio on the
sedimentation pattern at low Reynolds numbers are studied. It concludes that
for a narrow channel, besides vertical and horizontal pattern, there exists
another sedimentation pattern named inclined pattern. Through a large amount
of simulations, two critical lines are obtained, which divide the three
patterns based on the critical values of density ratio.
Experimental study of aerosol distribution and concentration variation through curved ducts
Authors: Sun Ke , Lu Lin , Jiang Hai
Published: January 2013

This paper presents an experimental investigation of an aerosol problem by
adopting two methods. One approach utilizes scanning electron microscope to
study the realistic aerosol deposition status in a typical duct bend. Through
scanning electron microscope images and on-site observation, the aerosols
tend to deposit and accumulate more on the outer bend wall and bend outlet
wall. The other approach is to design systematic experiments to measure
aerosol concentration variation and distribution through 90-degree curved
ducts. This experimental method is simple for realistic applications.
Measured results show that the average particle volume concentration diverges
greatly after flowing through the bend. The loading ability decreases
significantly for larger particles at bend outlet under higher Dean number.
Thermal properties of MECDP copolyesters
Authors: Zhao Ming-Liang , Liu Yuan , Li Fa-Xue , Wang Xue-Li , Gao Yu , Yu Jian-Yong
Published: January 2013

MECDP copolyesters based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) were prepared with
sodium-5-sulfo-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-isophthalate and poly(ethylene glycol)
units as modifiers. Thermal properties of these copolyesters were
characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravity
analyzer. Experimental results indicated that glass transition temperature,
melting temperature and thermal degradation temperature reduced with
increasing the poly(ethylene glycol) content. The incorporation of
poly(ethylene glycol) increased the flexibility and irregularity of molecular
chains which led to lower crystallinity, and bought more ether bonds into
molecular chains. Besides, the thermal degradation under oxygen condition
happened easily compared to that under nitrogen condition.
Blown bubble-spinning for fabrication of superfine fibers
Authors: Dou Hao , Zuo Bao-Qi , He Ji-Huan
Published: January 2013

A novel method called the blown bubble-spinning is designed to produce
super-fine fibers. In this method, a blowing air is used as an acting force.
A silk fibroin solution is used to fabricate superfine fibers.
On the research of flow around obstacle using the viscous Cartesian grid technique
Authors: Liu Yan-Hua , Gu Hao
Published: January 2013

A new 2-D viscous Cartesian grid is proposed in current research. It is a
combination of the existent body-fitted grid and Cartesian grid technology.
On the interface of the two different type of grid, a fined triangular mesh
is used to connect the two grids. Tests with flow around the cylinder and
aerofoil NACA0012 show that the proposed scheme is easy for implement with
high accuracy.
Nanoparticle coagulation and dispersion in a turbulent planar jet with constraints
Authors: Tu Cheng-Xu , Liu Song
Published: January 2013

Numerical simulations of coagulating and dispersing nanoparticles in an
incompressible turbulent planar jet with constraints are performed. The
evolution of nanoparticle field is obtained by utilizing a moment method to
approximate the particle's general dynamic equation. The spatiotemporal
evolution of the first three moments along with the mean particle diameter
and geometric standard deviation of particle diameter are discussed
Numerical investigation of particles turbulent dispersion in channel flow
Authors: Li Tian , Zhao Li-Hao , Ku Xiao-Ke , Andersson Helge , Lovas Terese
Published: January 2013

This paper investigates the performance of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes
model on dispersion of particles in wall turbulence. A direct numerical
simulation of wall-bounded channel flow with particles suspensions was set as
a benchmark. The standard k-? model coupled with two different eddy
interaction models was used in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model and
compared to the direct numerical simulation. Detailed comparisons between
direct numerical simulation and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model on
particle distribution evolving over time were carried out.
High concentration Brownian coagulation in jet flow using two enhancement formulations
Authors: Lin Pei-Feng , Wu Di-Chong , Zhu Ze-Fei
Published: January 2013

Ultra-fine particle coagulation by Brownian motion at high concentration in
planar jet flow is simulated. A Taylor-Series Expansion Method of Moments is
employed to solve the particle general dynamic equation. The volume fraction
gets high value, very closes to that at the nozzle exit. As the vortex
pairing develops, the high volume fraction region rolls out and mixes with
the low value region. The enhancement factor given by Trzeciak et al. will be
less than one at some specific outer positions, which seems to be less
accurate than the one given by Heine et al.
Party Formation and Dilemmas of Opportunity Structure: Freie Wähler in the German Political System
Authors: Welsh Helga A.
Published: January 2013

The Freie Wähler (free voters, FW) offer the rare chance to analyze parties in the making. Their long-time anchoring in local elections, centrist, middle-class political orientation, and bifurcated organizational structure distinguish them from other new political parties that aspire to participate in Land (state), national and European elections. Against the backdrop of FW success in Bavaria, where they received 10.2 percent of the vote in 2008, this article explores the FW expansion to the state level but not their national aspirations. In contrast to most studies that emphasize opportunity structures that work in favor of new political actors, this article highlights their dialectical nature. For example, the FW self-image is based on their difference from political parties, but the rules of the game push them to the status of "almost-party" at the local level and parties at the Land level. Their local roots are a source of legitimacy, but when they reach beyond, divisions among members and voters hold back their electoral fortunes. Independence and issue orientation are appealing to some voters but hamper the establishment of a clear identity and effective campaigning in state elections. Success for FW candidates is linked to the weakness of the dominant parties in the conservative camp. Spatial-temporal conditions are significant in considering the future of the FW at the Land level.
Intersectionality and the Substantive Representation of Migrant Interests in Germany
Authors: Donovan Barbara
Published: January 2013

The paper uses the concept of intersectionality to examine the experiences of politicians with migrant backgrounds in Germany. The last decade has seen a significant increase in the number of persons with migrant backgrounds integrating into political parties and winning elections to both federal and regional legislatures. Do the migrant experiences of these persons shape their politics? Theories of substantive representation have suggested that gender shapes representation. What about the racial and ethnic identities that often coexist with immigrant status? Moreover, how do those identities and experiences interact with the prerogatives of party, partisanship, and regional representation? This study uses data gathered from both the federal and regional level to explore and explain the role of migrant-related concerns in the political behavior and articulated preferences of politicians with migrant background in Germany. It further explores how these relate to gender, careers, representational roles, and partisan identification. The article concludes that a consideration of the interaction of migrant identity with other factors allows us to see multiple dimensions of representation in Germany today.
Registration of DGE‐3, a Durum Wheat Disomic Substitution Line 1E(1B) Involving a Wheatgrass Chromosome
Authors: Jauhar Prem P. , Peterson Terrance S.
Published: January 2013

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB genomes) alien disomic substitution 1E(1B) line DGE‐3 (Reg. No. GS‐172, PI 665473) was developed by the USDA‐ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND and released in 2012. It was derived from the durum alien disomic addition line DGE‐1 (2n = 28 + 2) having 28 durum chromosomes and the chromosome pair 1E of diploid wheatgrass, Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) Á. Löve. The pedigree of DGE‐3 is PI 645483/‘Langdon’ 1D(1B)*5. By crossing DGE‐1 (PI 645483) with durum disomic substitution line 1D(1B), we produced hybrid derivatives with univalents of chromosomes 1B, 1D, and 1E. We selfed the hybrid derivatives five times and screened each generation for durum homoeologues 1A and 1B. We tested these hybrid derivatives for the presence of the alien chromosome 1E and for the absence of 1D. Using the chromosome‐specific molecular marker Xwmc333 for identifying chromosome 1A, Xwgm18 for 1B, Xwmc147 for 1D, and Xedm17 for 1E, we isolated a durum disomic alien substitution line 1E(1B), which is fertile and stable and has been released as a new genetic stock, DGE‐3. This substitution line has 2n = 28 chromosomes that consist of 26 durum chromosomes plus the wheatgrass chromosome pair, 1E, which compensates for the missing 1B pair of Langdon. The disomic substitution forms 14 bivalents and is meiotically regular and fertile.
Construction Failures and Innovative Retrofitting
Authors: Augenti Nicola , Nanni Antonio , Parisi Fulvio
Published: January 2013

The aim of this paper is twofold: (a) to briefly describe the damage caused to historical, residential and industrial buildings by the May 2012 seismic events in the Emilia Romagna region of Italy; and (b) to summarize novel repair and rehabilitation technologies that can be available to practitioners to fix damaged structures or to upgrade undamaged ones. Field inspections after the Emilia Romagna earthquakes showed that seismic vulnerability in that region was primarily due to the lack of seismic detailing in modern buildings, and the presence of heavy nonstructural masses in historical buildings. The novel retrofit technologies discussed in this paper are based on the use of non-conventional or relatively recent material systems where the reinforcement is in the form of continuous or chopped fibers.
Bound States and Supercriticality in Graphene-Based Topological Insulators
Authors: Klöpfer Denis , De Martino Alessandro , Egger Reinhold
Published: January 2013

We study the bound state spectrum and the conditions for entering a supercritical regime in graphene with strong intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interactions within the topological insulator phase. Explicit results are provided for a disk-shaped potential well and for the Coulomb center problem.
A Genotype of Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) that Facilitates Replication in Suspension Cultures in Chemically Defined Medium
Authors: Jordan Ingo , Horn Deborah , John Katrin , Sandig Volker
Published: January 2013

While vectored vaccines, based on hyperattenuated viruses, may lead to new treatment options against infectious diseases and certain cancers, they are also complex products and sometimes difficult to provide in sufficient amount and purity. To facilitate vaccine programs utilizing host-restricted poxviruses, we established avian suspension cell lines (CR and CR.pIX) and developed a robust, chemically defined, culturing process for production of this class of vectors. For one prominent member, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), we now describe a new strain that appears to replicate to greater yields of infectious units, especially in the cell-free supernatant of cultures in chemically defined media. The new strain was obtained by repeated passaging in CR suspension cultures and, consistent with reports on the exceptional genetic stability of MVA, sequencing of 135 kb of the viral genomic DNA revealed that only three structural proteins (A3L, A9L and A34R) each carry a single amino acid exchange (H639Y, K75E and D86Y, respectively). Host restriction in a plaque-purified isolate of the new genotype appears to be maintained in cell culture. Processing towards an injectable vaccine preparation may be simplified with this strain as a complete lysate, containing the main burden of host cell contaminants, may not be required anymore to obtain adequate yields.
Responsabilité sans culpabilité ?
Authors: Tassel Anne
Published: January 2013

Résumé Que les coordonnées sociologiques d’un certain état d’incertitude nous forcent à un effort d’herméneutique portant sur une subjectivité destinée à devenir publique, et que, cédant au mouvement d’intériorisation de la responsabilité, nous soyons délivrés de la culpabilité qui entrave autant nos actes que notre action, le constat que porte A. Ehrenberg sur le travail contemporain d’adolescence, s’il est prometteur, semble laisser dans l’ombre les aspects plus douloureux que sont l’angoisse de culpabilité dont le pendant est le travail du fantasme.
Un autre regard sur les jeunes en situation d'inégalités sociales
Authors: Bordet Joëlle
Published: January 2013

Résumé De façon dominante, les « jeunes des quartiers populaires » représentent pour la société et ses représentants un risque social. Ils sont appréhendés comme une entité globale sur le registre du déficit social ou du danger. Dans cet article, nous montrons comment cette posture des institutions et de leurs représentants a pour effet de mettre à distance l’inquiétude des adultes mais aussi les relations subjectives avec les jeunes. Afin de retrouver une confiance et de créer de nouveaux processus de subjectivation des jeunes, nous proposons, en référence aux travaux menés dans les municipalités, d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives de rencontres et d’action, en étayage sur leur désir de reconnaissance et d’avenir partagé.
Urgences psychiatriques et/ou centres de crise ?
Authors: Flavigny Henri
Published: January 2013

Résumé Pour répondre adéquatement en urgence aux traumatismes psychiques et aux troubles du comportement de l’adolescent, il faut non seulement considérer l’exécution de l’acte, mais surtout son sens. C’est celui-ci qui impose la nécessité de disposer d’une gamme de solutions variées : les unes sont réalisées au niveau de la communauté sociale, représentées par les « centres de crise » pour adolescents, non psychiatriques, non médicalisés. Les autres par les « unités psychiatriques de réponse en urgence » aux besoins des adolescents. Ces dernières ne doivent pas fonctionner isolément, mais être articulées avec l’ensemble des éléments d’un intersecteur. C’est dans la mesure où nos réponses en urgence respecteront le sens de la question posée par l’expression diverse des traumatismes psychiques et des troubles du comportement de l’adolescent qu’elles se révéleront efficaces et que le moment de sa crise pourra constituer un élément positif pour son évolution.
Les élèves souffrent-ils à l'école ? Des souffrances scolaires « ordinaires » qui ne peuvent se dire...
Authors: Mabilon-Bonfils Béatrice
Published: January 2013

Résumé Avec la seconde modernité, la construction du sens d’une école prise dans un processus de désinstitutionnalisation n’est ainsi plus transcendante mais immanente pour les élèves. La question de l’expérience scolaire et du ressenti des élèves face à leur scolarité mérite donc d’être posée. Notre enquête nous conduit à poser que le sentiment de souffrance scolaire devient structurel, alors même qu’il est collectivement dénié. L’article se propose d’éclairer le sens de ce déni collectif et de cette invisibilisation sociale de la souffrance scolaire, à l’aune des mutations sociétales contemporaines, avant de dresser une typologie idéal-typique des formes de souffrances à l’école des élèves.
La maison de Bernarda Alba : déni du féminin et refus du changement
Authors: Rosier Johanne
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le drame théâtral de Frederico Garcia Lorca « La maison de Bernarda Alba » dévoile la vie de cinq filles maintenues dans un deuil de huit ans imposé par leur mère. Adela, la benjamine s’engagera dans un combat intime et violent contre sa mère, qui scellera le destin de sa féminité. La question centrale porte sur les aléas de la bipartition de la subjectivation féminine entre continuité et changement.
Immortality strategies
Authors: Triandafilidis Alexandra
Published: January 2013

Résumé La création et l’investissement d’une image de soi à venir semblent nécessaires, à l’adolescent et à l’adulte, pour être (considérés comme) « normaux ». Autrement dit, ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler « projet » a un rôle central dans la vie psychique. Ce travail se propose de montrer que, si le projet est toujours à considérer comme « stratégie d’immortalité », sa fonction se trouve radicalement modifiée par la rencontre de l’adolescent avec le « mortifère » de la mort.
The avatar, therapy's fast track, between potential space and disavowal
Authors: Tisseron Serge
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’avatar peut être traité comme un double de soi ou un compagnon, un guide que l’on suit ou un esclave auquel on impose ses ordres. Mais dans tous les cas, son propriétaire est invité à y engager les trois formes complémentaires de la symbolisation : sensori-motrice, imagée et verbale. Il peut alors incarner un fragment de soi, un personnage qu’on a connu, admiré ou redouté, voire quelqu’un qu’on a imaginé à partir de récits entendus ou d’une légende familiale. Cette exploration peut permettre la construction d’un espace potentiel ou au contraire favorise le déni. Demander à un joueur de parler du choix et de l’histoire de son avatar est un moment essentiel d’une psychothérapie.