bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Происхождение и предназначение судей
Authors: Рощупкина А.А.
Published: August 2021

В настоящем исследовании автором определены особенности происхождения института судей в Российской Федерации, генезис их правового статуса и предназначения до сегодняшнего момента. Установлено, что основным предназначением судьи является осуществлением правосудия по возникающим в обществе спорам и конфликтам. Судьям предоставлены определенные гарантии действующим законодательством, обеспечена повышенная защита от посягательств на их личность, связанных с осуществлением им профессиональной деятельности, что подтверждает уникальную роль судьи как арбитра в жизни общества и государства.
PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DISTAL OCCLUSION USING A DEPROGRAMMER (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Postnikov Mihail , Nesterov Aleksandr , Sagirov Marsel' , Badyagina Ekaterina
Published: August 2021

Introduction. An actual problem of modern dentistry is the anomalies of the position of the lower jaw. The share of these diseases in the structure of requests for dental care can reach up to 27%. The most common pathology is distal occlusion, which accounts for 25 to 37% of all occlusion abnormalities. The aim of this work was to describe and demonstrate on a clinical example the method of orthopedic treatment of patients with distal occlusion proposed by the authors. Material and methods of research. The paper presents a new method of orthopedic treatment of patients with distal occlusion using a deprogrammer of the original design. Orthopedic treatment of patients was carried out on the basis of a multidisciplinary clinic of Postnikov in the city of Samara. Using the method proposed by the authors, orthopaedic treatment was performed in 36 patients with distal occlusion. For clarity, the article considers an original clinical case of treatment of a patient with distal occlusion, who was made a deprogrammer of the author's design, with a detailed analysis of each stage of diagnosis and orthopedic treatment. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique, a CT scan of the patient's temporomandibular joint was performed before and after orthopedic treatment. As a result of the treatment, the patient has a decrease in the hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles, which made it possible to position the lower jaw in the position of the central ratio, which is confirmed by CT data. Conclusion. The use of a deprogrammer-mouthguard, the proposed design allows for deprogramming of the masticatory muscles and correctly determining the central ratio of the jaws, and can be used in the treatment of patients with distal occlusion.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ATTENUATION OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAW BONE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ASSESSED BY DENTAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Prozorova Natalia , Fadeyev Roman , Veber Viktor , Chibisova Marina , Prozorova Irina , Sokolova Sofia , Tarasenko Anna , Golubjatnikov Maksim
Published: August 2021

Type 1 and 2 diabetes are associated with deteriorated bone remodeling due to microangiopathy and acidosis, as well as non-fermentative glycosylation of bone proteins re-sulting in the apoptosis of osteocytes. Another complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic arthropathy which is common among patients suffering from 1 type diabetes. Degenerative processes in periodontal tissue can be associated with diabetes mellitus and reduce the strength of the tooth joints. The result of insulin deficiency is a reduction in collagen synthesis and alkaline phosphatase, as well as hypocalcemia — these states also lead to bone resorption. Considering the effect of the combination of the processes which take place in the bone tissue, it should be taken into account that the alveolar processes of the upper and lower jaws are dif-ferent from the rest of the skeleton by accelerated metabolism. This specificity makes it nec-essary to investigate changes in the optical density of teeth and alveolar processes of the lower jaw among patients with diabetes mellitus. The purpose of research is to determine peculiarities of the optical density of bone tissue of the alveolar processes of the jaw using dental computed tomography in patients with diabetes mellitus. Article describes the analysis of the optical density of the bone tissue of the alveolar processes of the lower jaws. Dental computed tomography allows quantitative and qualitative measure-ment of bone tissue density of the jaw and is an effective method for assessing the state of bone tissue in diabetes mellitus. It was shown that the structure and density of bone tissue de-pends on the severity of diabetes, the presence of complications. Marked decrease in the opti-cal density of bone tissue in the neck of the teeth in individuals with diabetes was noted, less pronounced changes were observed in the middle third of the roots of the teeth. And slight changes or even an increase in optical density were observed in the region of the apices of the teeth. Diagnosis of bone destruction of the upper and lower jaws in diabetes mellitus is most in-formative using dental computed tomography.
DIGITAL METHOD OF COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE RIGIDITY BETWEEN THE CUSTOM MADE BY THE AUTHORS IMPLANT IMPRESSION TRAYS AND STOCK IMPLANT IMPRESSION TRAYS WITH REMOVABLE PARTS
Authors: Rozov Roman , Trezubov Vladimir , Spitsyna Olga , Bistrova Yulia
Published: August 2021

Impression taking procedure from prosthetic area in case of constructing implant supported prostheses is one of the most important steps in the process of patient rehabilitation especially in producing long span structures. Quality of the impression could affect the precision and passive fit of the prosthesis to the implants therefore the overall quality of the work.

Obtaining digital impressions of edentulous jaws with a different number of implants using intraoral devices is still an unresolved problem in full. The ergonomics of the process of obtaining an impression is not easy due to the need to place both scan abutments in the oral cavity and manipulate the working part of the intraoral scanner around them. The accuracy of digital impressions obtained from edentulous jaws for obtaining full-arch implant supported prostheses does not exceed that when obtaining a classic impression, and according to a number of researchers, it is even lower.

The aim of this study was to construct implant impression convertible trays with increased to the optimum levels of rigidity, with simple disassemble process and having an easy access to the adapters, and also to digitally compare the rigidity of the author’s impression trays.

The method of assessment was digital technology of analysing structural resistance and inherent stresses and deformations using SolidWorks software. We performed analysis of the resistance of the structure to external loads.

We have developed and created the customised copyrighted versions of the upper and lower impression trays made of rigid titanium alloy by 3D printing using DMLM technology on a Concept Laser device made of titanium Ti6-Al4-V. Modeling was carried out in the Mimics Medical 21 program (Materialize, Germany) along the contours on the data of cone-beam computed tomography.

Performed digital tests reveal the underlying advantages of the designed by authors impression trays.
DYNAMICS OF CYTOKINE PROFILE IN CANCER PATIENTS WITH CHEMO-RAY ORAL MUCOSITIS DURING TREATMENT
Authors: Romanenko Inessa , Arakelyan Kristina , Zyablitskaya Evgeniya
Published: August 2021

Relevance. According to the WHO scale, mucositis of 3-4 degrees is a severe injury among patients receiving high-dose radiation and chemotherapy for the head and neck region, the frequency of which reaches 85%. Dental treatment of such patients is extremely important, more often it is symptomatic and is aimed at improving their well-being and limiting the spread of the process, particularly oral mucositis. The aim of this study was to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of oral mucositis in patients with COR cancer against the background of systemic chemoradiation treatment.

Material and methods. We examined 89 patients with a diagnosis of oral mucosa cancer (C00-C06, C10, C13, C14) according to ICD-10) II and III stages (T2-3, N0-1, M0), aged from 55 to 67 years, who received chemo-radiation therapy for the head and neck area. To rate immune status, in particular the mechanisms of regulation of protective reactions at the local level, patients with mucositis in the oral fluid were examined and it was determined by the content of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL), the concentration of cytokines in saliva was determined by ELISA. Depending on the method of treatment, patients were divided into two groups: comparison (traditional treatment) and main (developed method).

Results. The concentration of proinflammatory IL-1b in the saliva of patients before starting treatment averaged 126.14 ± 45.01 pg/ml and anti-inflammatory IL-10 at 94.96 ± 44.20 pg/ml. Laetrile has a short-term local effect, which slightly affects the cytokine profile of saliva, the concentration of IL-1 increases by the 5th day, and IL-10 decreases 2.2 times. The concentration of cytokines before treatment was 64.55 ± 22.85 pg/ml and tended to gradually increase by the 7th day. For IL-10, the values were also low. Thus, a significant individual difference in the content of these cytokines was revealed, reflecting the sensitivity to both radiation and local therapy.
HEMATOSALIVAL BARRIER IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Chuykin Oleg , Shtanko Maria , Kuchuk Kristina
Published: August 2021

To maintain homeostasis of the internal environment of the body, mechanisms are needed that control the exchange of various components between blood and the internal environment of tissues and organs. One of these physiological structures is the blood-salivary barrier, which regulates the selective metabolism between blood and oral fluid. Changes in the composition of biological fluids (blood and saliva) can be used as markers for diagnosing pathological conditions of the body and the dynamics of therapeutic measures. Of great importance is the study of the blood-salivary barrier for the search for drugs that are selectively transferred from the blood to the saliva. Some drugs are excreted in saliva at a concentration higher than they are in the blood. However, more often the concentration of drugs in saliva is much lower than in blood serum. Purpose: to form a list of the main trends and scientific and practical directions on the func-tioning of the hematosalvarial barrier. Materials and methods: to analyze the topic of the clinical significance of the hematosalvarial barrier, periodicals and scientific journals of domestic and foreign literature were studied, which determined the difference in the levels of trace elements, hormones, immune complexes between the oral fluid and serum. Conclusion: Analysis of literature data shows that the function of the blood-salivary barrier acts as a nonspecific adaptive mechanism, while saliva reflects the state of the protective functions of the barrier at the organismal level. Analysis of the selectivity and permeability of the blood-salivary barrier, as well as determination of changes in the composition and proper-ties of blood and oral fluid, can optimize and facilitate the diagnosis and control of treatment of various diseases of the oral cavity and the body as a whole.
Adsorption of Nitrogen on Mn(II) Metal-organic Framework Nanoparticles
Authors: MBONU Idongesıt , ABİOLA Olusegun
Published: August 2021

Adsorption of N2 on mixed-ligand benzoic acid and 1, 10-phenanthroline ligand of Mn(II) metal-organic framework (MOF)–nanoparticles were demonstrated. The synthesized nanostructures are characterized by techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). The pore size distribution and adsorption capacity of the synthesized MOF were investigated experimentally by measuring the N2 adsorption isotherm at 77.3 K, and the resulting data were fitted to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), de Boer, Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR), Banet-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), Horvath-Kawazoe (HK), and also applied to Density Functional Theory (DFT) models. Excitation of the Mn-MOF nanostructure resulted in an emission at 400 nm. The DSC study reveals that this molecule has a good chemical stability. The FTIR measurement shows a variety of functional groups that are highly coordinated. Moreover, the adsorption properties evaluated by several adsorption models compared with current adsorbent materials show Mn-MOF has superior thermal stability, a high surface area, and pore openings. Because of these findings, Mn-MOF appears to be a viable material for storing gases and energy, whether at low or high pressures.
Wiedza o mieście przemysłowym Łodzi w świetle analizy przewodników turystycznych
Authors: Wiluś Robert
Published: August 2021

Artykuł jest próbą określenia stanu wiedzy o Łodzi, jako mieście przemysłowym, na podstawie analizy zawartości treści 41 przewodników turystycznych, które swym zakresem obejmowały Łódź. Przeprowadzona analiza dala odpowiedź na pytanie, w jakim stopniu potencjał turystyczny miasta przemysłowego Łodzi znalazł odbicie w różnego rodzaju przewodnikach po Łodzi i jej okolicach, po Polsce, a także jakie zmiany zaszły w prezentacji tego potencjału od momentu ukazania się pierwszego przewodnika turystycznego dotyczącego Łodzi i co było przyczyną tych zmian.
Assessment of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Normal and Late Sown Environments using Stress Indices
Authors: Sunil R. , Chhabra A.K. , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Sunil
Published: August 2021

Background: Heat stress is a major restrain in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) productivity. Developing tolerant chickpea genotypes contributes breeding materials for hybridization programme. Stress indices related to abiotic stresses are found effective in screening of genotypes for high temperature tolerance in chickpea. Methods: An experiment with 24 genotypes under two different environments i.e., timely and late sown conditions was planned to identify the chickpea genotypes tolerant to heat stress, using thirteen stress indices. Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI) is the cardinal index to group genotypes based on their tolerance level. Stress indices Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Harmonic Mean (HM) Index, Heat Resistant Index (HRI) and Modified Heat Tolerance Index (MHTI) are very effective in identifying stress tolerant genotypes. Result: The result indicated that genotypes H 04-75, H 08-75, H 12-26, H 09-96, ICCV 92944, DCP 92-3 and GNG 2226 are tolerant to heat stress. The identified genotypes can be used as parents in hybridization programme for breeding chickpea cultivars tolerant to high temperature environments.
Análisis de pérdidas económicas por enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Martinez Reina Antonio Maria , Carrascal Triana Erly Luisana , Doria Ramos Matiluz , García Jimenez Juan Andrés , Mejia Luquez Jorge Armando
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las pérdidas económicas por efecto de las enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia). Se partió de la información generada en la línea de base, pero con un tratamiento con mayor especificidad en el tema de enfermedades. La información se originó de dos fuentes: una encuesta aplicada a 30 productores y un taller participativo, el método análisis correspondió al de criterios múltiples a través de un consenso con productores. Los datos se organizaron en archivos planos, se calcularon las estadísticas descriptivas y cálculos porcentuales dentro de las diferentes categorías de animales, como de las variables: producción y   tasas de mortalidad, disminución de producción por causa de enfermedades. Los resultados mostraron que las enfermedades relacionadas con hemoparásitos y endoparásitos incurren en mayor número de productos para el tratamiento; en el caso del carbón sintomático solo se hace tratamiento preventivo que consiste en la vacuna.  Se concluye que el componente mayor del costo es por concepto de medicamentos con un 68% del total calculado, seguido por las pérdidas bucerros con un 11% y por último, la producción de carne con un 6%. En total las pérdidas se estimaron en 30235048 Pesos COP. Nuevas estrategias de manejo sanitario deben ser implementadas para reducir el gasto generado por las enfermedades en búfalos.
Keterlibatan Ulama dalam Pemenangan Caleg DPRD Provinsi Dapil VI Tahun 2019 (Studi Kasus Desa Sukacinta Kecamatan Sungai Rotan Kabupaten Muara Enim)
Authors: Afip Afip , Rochmiatun Endang , Adytyas Nico Oktario
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

This study aims, firstly to determine the interaction of ulama with the government and political figures and second to determine the form of ulama involvement in winning the Regional Legislative Council Candidates for Electoral District VI in Sukacinta Village, Sungai Rotan District, Muara Enim Regency.  This research uses a qualitative method where the results of observations and some data related to the research are collected in order to interpret the study as detailed as possible, so that the results of the research are clear that the relationship between ulama and politics is not always caused by economic motives, dependence, or so on.  More than that, both of them also stand as two entities that can form contributive and solution partners in practicing the humanist values ​​of Pancasila.  Especially the implementation of the fifth principle, namely social justice for all Indonesian people.  Therefore, it would not be wiser if scholars and politics were only seen tendentiously and excluded their potentialities which could significantly change the benefit of the people.

 

Keywords: Ulama, Government, Politician
Konvergensi Sebagai Sarana Bertahan Media Massa: Case Study Tribun Sumsel
Authors: Harahap Raegen , Hati Putri Citra , Abdussalam Kgs
Published: August 2021

Media convergence is a concrete step carried out by various mass media in the world as a result of technological transformation and internetization. The presence of the internet encourages the mass media to apply the concept of media convergence such as online media, e-papers, e-books, streaming radio and social media combined with other media. The purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of the strategy used by the Sumsel Tribune in the era of media convergence, as well as the challenges faced and innovations made by the Sumsel Tribune in dealing with media convergence. The type of research used in this research is qualitative using the SWOT theory and media convergence theory. The research results reveal (1), the Sumsel Tribune is in the quadrant I position, is getting stronger and has a lot of potential opportunities by implementing an aggressive work strategy, (2) the media convergence system uses the concept of convergence dimensions according to Rich Gordon.

Keywords: Newspapers, Media, Convergence, Tribune Sumsel

Konvergensi media merupakan langkap konkrit yang dilakukan oleh berbagai media massa di dunia akibat dari transformasi teknologi dan internetisasi. Kehadiran internet mendorong media massa menerapkan konsep konvergensi media seperti media online, e-paper, e-books, radio streaming dan media sosial yang digabungkan dengan media lainnya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan strategi yang digunakan Tribun Sumsel di era konvergensi media, serta tantangan yang dihadapi, dan inovasi yang dilakukan Tribun Sumsel dalam menghadapi konvergensi media. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori SWOT dan teori konvergensi media. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan (1), Tribun Sumsel berada pada posisi kuadran I, semakin kuat dan memiliki posibilitas peluang yang banyak dengan menerapkan strategi kerja agresif, (2) sistem konvergensi media menggunakan konsep dimensi konvergensi menurut Rich Gordon.

Kata Kunci: Surat Kabar, Media, Konvergensi, Tribun Sumsel
Preferensi Generasi Milenial Untuk Berinvestasi Sukuk
Authors: Pribadi Yanuar
Published: August 2021

The study aims to analyze the preferences of millennials to invest in Sukuk instrument seen from investment risk factors (default risk, rate of return, liquidity), and sharia factors (financial activities according to sharia and avoiding ‘riba). Around 64 million Indonesian millennials are potential market for Sukuk market in the country. The research population were millennials who join the webinar of sukuk education for the millennial generation. Using the multiple linear regression analysis, the results indicated that risk factors and sharia factors had a positive effect both simultaneously and partially on the millennials preferences in Sukuk investments.
Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Maqashid Syariah Dengan Intellectual Capital Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Satria Diky , Mismiwati Mismiwati , Desiana Lidia , Juairiah Siti
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of corporate governance on the performance of sharia maqhasid with intellectual capital as a mediating variable in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the 2014-2018 period. The population in this study are Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the 2014-2018 period. The technique used is the annual report for the 2014-2018 period on 8 Islamic Commercial Banks. The type of data used is secondary data. The data analysis technique in this study used SPSS 21 software, which consists of descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis, and mediation testing using the causal step and sobel test methods. By using multiple regression analysis, the results of this study indicate that corporate governance has a negative and significant effect on intellectual capital. Corporate governance does not affect the performance of sharia maqhasid. Intellectual capital has a negative and significant effect on the performance of sharia maqhasid. Then based on the results of the analysis using the casual step and sobel test method, intellectual capital mediates the effect of corporate governance on the performance of sharia maqhasid.
Pengaruh BOPO, LDR, CAR, dan NPL terhadap Profitabilitas Sektor Perbankan Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Setya
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh BOPO (Beban Operasional Pendapatan Operasional ), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio) dna NPL (Non Performing Loan) terhadap ROA (Return on Assets) pada sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI (Bursa Efek Indonesia) tahun 2017-2019. Sumber data berasal dari laporan keuangan perusahaan dan Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI (Bursa Efek Indonesia). Populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan yang memiliki laporan keuangan lengkap 3 tahun berturut, terdaftar pada BEI dan memiliki variabel yang diteliti. Metode pengambilan sampel sebanyak 39 perusahaan perbankan dengan jangka waktu 3 tahun. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan pengujian asumsi klasik menggunakan program SPSS Statistical Paskagerfor Social Science. Hasil penelitian ini secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa BOPO berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA, LDR tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA, CAR tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA dan NPL tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA, sedangkan secara simultan BOPO, LDR, CAR dan NPL berpengaruh terhadap ROA.
Stress state in contact between wheel and rail in the presence of slip and adhesion
Authors:   Rostov State Transport University, Krotov S. V. , Kononov D. P. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Pakulina E. V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: August 2021

Objective: Predicting the stress-strain state of a wheel or rail during their interaction depending on the normal pressure. Methods: The study of the stress-strain state in the car wheel and in its contact with the rail using the ﬁnite element method with all possible combinations of loading factors and taking into account the inﬂuence of temperature, dynamic inﬂuences, contact parameters, fatigue phenomena and the forces of interaction between the wheel and the rail are calculated, determining the stress state of the wheel, wear and deterioration of the contact surfaces and, as a consequence, the reliability of the carriage and trafﬁc safety. Results: The effect of tangential loads on the stress-strain state when there is sliding in the wheel-rail contact zone was evaluated. The parameters of dangerous stresses are given depending on the axial load. Experimental and theoretical approaches to determining the stress-strain state of contacting elements in the presence of both slip and adhesion in the wheel-rail contact are shown. The components of the stress tensor are obtained depending on the contact pressure according to the calculation formulas. Diagrams of the distribution of shear stresses in the contact of the wheel with the rail in the presence of a zone of adhesion and sliding are made. The intensity of the stress state change in the wheel-rail contact is calculated. Practical importance: The results obtained show how the slip and adhesion zones affect the stress state in the contact zone in comparison with full slip. They are useful from the point of view of predicting the stress-strain state of a wheel or rail during their interaction depending on the normal pressure.
Improving the Oktyabrskaya Railway passenger complex performance with a decision-making algorithm using analytical quality tools
Authors:   Octyabrskaya Regional Service for the Development of Passenger Services and Providing Access to Infrastructure, SHMANYOV Timofey M. , ULYANITSKAYA Victoria I. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, PUKHOVA Marina S. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: August 2021

bjective: Development of an instrument to form measures aimed at improving and monitoring their im- plementation, which will consider deviations from the speciﬁed parameters. The formation instrument is regarded as a complete set of elements for performing a function by systematizing a set of units (objects, phenomena), i. e., step-by-step application of tools compiled into a single algorithm. Methods: The main tools for analyzing and managing the passenger complex during ongoing activities are: Pareto chart, cause & effect diagram (Ishikawa), correlation, risk management (3-map method), strategic management (X-matrix), etc. Results: The study has revealed that the formation instrument consists of a sequence of systematic forecasting and evaluation of the algorithm of sequential operations: statistics, analysis, risk calculation, veriﬁcation, control, etc. It has been established that it is necessary to strive for the ability to achieve a given parameter of the process stability in the passenger complex avoiding critical devia- tions from the desired result. Practical importance: Using the example of the 2019/2020 Oktyabrskaya Railway passenger complex winterization, the apparently universal principle of using the formation in- strument has been demonstrated. This principle can be not only applied to other passenger complex pro- cesses but also used in the processes of other facilities in the Russian Railways network.
Influence of geoinduced currents on impedance bonds with secondary windings used in railway automation circuits
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, KOSTROMINOV Aleksandr M. , LOZHKIN Roman O. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: August 2021

Objective: To consider the possibility of DC magnetization of the core of the impedance bond with secondary winding when using AC electric traction. To determine the possible inﬂuence of solar activity, and in particular the geoinduced currents, on the signaling arrangements (SAs). Methods: Analysis of the conditions and causes of magnetization of the core of the impedance bond with a secondary winding, which is the reason for a decrease in its inductance and a change in the track circuit coefﬁcient of transmission. Description of the inﬂuence of geoinduced currents on the operation of traction substation power transformers and the using this scenario for modeling the operation of impedance bonds with secondary windings. Results: The conditions and reasons for the incorrect operation of the impedance bonds with secondary windings associated with the magnetization of the core by direct current, when using electric traction with alternating currents, have been stated; the possibility of saturation of the magnetic system of the impedance bond with geoinduced current has been analyzed; the possible consequences of the transition of the impedance bond to the saturation mode have been determined. Practical importance: The study ﬁndings broaden the knowledge about the possible inﬂuence of solar activity on the railway infrastructure facilities, which in its turn is necessary for the development of methods and means aimed at ensuring the uninterrupted operation of railway transport.
Discussing the effect of the wheelset equivalent conicity on the stress-strain state of the rails
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BLAZHKO Lyudmila S. , KISELEV Artem A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, KISELEV Igor P. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, ROMANOV Andrey V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: August 2021

Objective: To assess the effect of the wheelset equivalent conicity on the stress-strain state of the rails. Methods: Authors used numerical integration methods for systems of nonlinear differential equations of motion in the Universal Mechanism software package. Experimental studies were carried out on the St. Petersburg – Moscow high-speed line using a multichannel strain-gauge station. Methods of mathematical statistics have been used to process the results of numerical simulation and ﬁeld experiment. Results: The stresses and strains in the wheel-rail contact area and their dependence on the wheelset equivalent conicity have been determined. According to numerical simulation and ﬁeld experiment, the convergence was within 15 %. Practical importance: The need for updating the standards for the maintenance of a rail track on high-speed lines has been revealed. Allowing for the wheelset equivalent conicity decreases the risk of intense hunting oscillation, which would reduce the dynamic wheel–rail effect. Mobile treatment of rails on the way makes it possible to extend the safe operation time and reduce the rolling stock motion resistance force of the track.
Selection and analysis of design solutions for the base of the swap body
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BORONENKO Yuri P. , ZAINITDINOV Olmos I. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: August 2021

Objective: Selection of the most optimal and durable base structure for the further design of a covered swap body with sliding side walls and roof. Methods: The analysis of the design solutions of the base of the swap body were carried out using a ﬁnite element method with the SolidWorks Simulation software package, and in accordance with technical and regulatory documents. Results: Four variants of the swap body base with different design features were designed. Diagrams of the distribution of equivalent nodal stresses in the structure of the demountable body foundations were obtained. From the results of the study and calculation, the most robust design of the base of the swap body was selected. Practical importance: The basic base structure described will serve for the design and construction of a covered swap body with retractable side walls and a roof.
Discussing the calculation of erosion rates in the design of filtering structures in cohesive soils
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, SHTYKOV Valery I. , PONOMAREV Andrey B. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, YANKO Yury G. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute
Published: August 2021

Objective: To develop a method for calculating erosion rates in the place of contact of ﬁltering structures with cohesive soils. Methods: Previously at the VNIIG n. a. B. E. Vedeneev, hydrodynamic and strength criteria of contact suffusion were established concerning hydraulic structures. However, there were no calculated dependencies for determining the critical Reynolds number and, accordingly, the critical velocity for coarse-grained materials. Through special processing of experimental data on ﬁltration in non-cavity drain ﬁllers of various grades, it was possible to integrate numerous curves into a single one, making it possible to isolate the transient regime boundaries and obtain a formula for the critical Reynolds number. This made it possible to calculate the critical rate. As a result, a formula was obtained for calculating the erosion rate. Results: The calculated dependencies made it possible to determine the critical rate for the ﬁller material and the erosion rate at the contact boundary between the ﬁltering structure and the soil, based on the initial data of the coarse-grained material from which the ﬁltering structures are made, and the characteristics of the soils in which they are built. Practical importance: The proposed calculation method made it possible to: 1) establish whether the manifestations of erosion by the ﬁltration ﬂow are possible in the place of contact of the ﬁltering structure with the soil; 2) develop measures to eliminate erosion. Geotextile material can be laid along the border of the contact of the ﬁltering structure with the soil, or a ﬁner material can be used as a ﬁller in the ﬁltering structure, the actual ﬁltration ﬂow rates in which will be less than the erosional rates. In this case, the erosion rates in the place of contact with the ﬁner material will increase.
Exploring COVID-19 lockdowns as unexpected paternity leave: One shock, diverse gender ideologies
Authors: Sponton Alix
Published: August 2021

Objective: This paper analyses how men who became fathers to a newborn during a 2020 lockdown in France reacted to spending longer time at home than intended.

Background: Previous research found that fathers taking longer leave are more involved at home, but men who plan these working arrangements are more oriented towards gender equality. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, fathers with diverse gender ideologies were forced to stay home with their baby.

Method: 42 longitudinal interviews were conducted with 23 fathers, before and after the birth of their child. 10 of these fathers unexpectedly stopped their paid work for the first two months post-partum because of distancing measures. This group is compared with 10 others who took at most their 14 days of paid leave before returning to paid work and 3 others who deliberately planned to take a month off.  All mothers were on maternity leave.

Results: Lockdowns isolated couples from the help of extended family and fathers had to assume a caregiving position. However, staying home involved different things for different fathers. For some, it meant sharing unpaid work equally. For others, it was more about bonding with the baby, whereas intensive childcare was considered the mother’s role.

Conclusion: Drawing on an integrative approach, the findings suggest that changes at the institutional level, such as lockdowns, impact fathering trajectories differently depending on gender ideologies at the individual level.
A canção popular, a pesquisa folclórica e o legado preservacionista
Authors: Lemos Junior Urbano , Gosciola Vicente
Published: August 2021

O artigo resgata uma importante referência na pesquisa de campo e na gravação de canções de origem popular. Na década de 1920, a carioca Elsie Houston sistematizou seu trabalho em busca da brasilidade musical a partir da herança indígena, africana e ibérica. Neste sentido, o objetivo do estudo é resgatar o espólio preservacionista deixado pela musicista e destacar a relevância de Elsie para os estudos sobre música, identidade e cultura.  Além da coleta de canções populares que estariam sob risco de desaparecimento, Elsie registrou em uma publicação científica 42 canções de diferentes regiões do Brasil, mostrando o timbre, a pronúncia e as intenções das músicas. Deste modo, a metodologia do artigo analisa as convergências do legado da pesquisadora a partir das teorias sobre documentário. Para tanto, o estudo recorre aos escritos de Penafria (2004), Nicholls (2012) e Ramos (2001 e 2013) para uma aproximação e ampliação dos conceitos sobre o registro criativo do encontro com o outro.
Sonhos do Oriente
Authors: Silva Gabriel Barth da
Published: August 2021

É possível perceber no decorrer da última década um crescimento relevante do consumo de K-Pop (gênero musical sul-coreano) a nível global, e isso não é uma exceção na realidade brasileira. Tendo um crescimento sensível principalmente entre os jovens, o consumo do gênero acaba por ocupar, em muitos casos, um lugar central na vivência cotidiana de seus consumidores, que passam a estabelecer contatos com outros sujeitos que também estão vinculados a essa música, atravessando suas identidades e modificando suas trajetórias de vidas junto com objetivos que acompanham imaginários atrelados ao gênero. A partir disso, a presente pesquisa buscou compreender como esse fenômeno se manifesta na cidade de Curitiba, PR, Brasil, utilizando-se de entrevistas com consumidores de K-Pop sobre suas experiências prévias ao gênero, seu contato com ele e suas perspectivas futuras, auxiliando a elucidar as estruturas que envolvem essa vivência. Foi possível perceber que o aprendizado do coreano, viajar para a Coreia do Sul e a construção de sua identidade foram aspectos centrais para as participantes.
Eneida, amor e fantasia
Authors: Carnevali Flávia Guia , Moraes José Geraldo Vinci de
Published: August 2021

Embora diversos agentes tenham tomado parte na construção da memória do samba como música nacional brasileira na primeira metade do século passado, a ação intelectual de jornalistas da imprensa periódica e da especializada teve papel central. Contudo, há ainda poucos estudos sobre a prática e percepção desses cronistas na invenção de uma historiografia da música popular. Eneida de Moraes (1904-1971), primeira repórter do Diário de Notícias, por meio de suas crônicas e, sobretudo, no livro História do carnaval carioca (1958), construiu um discurso historiográfico que tinha no carnaval carioca seu eixo principal e, de maneira derivada, o samba. Este texto pretende exatamente discutir o papel dela neste processo cultural e intelectual e como seu discurso procurava valorizar certa concepção de cultura popular que tinha o carnaval carioca do subúrbio como uma espécie de resistência e utopia.
Residuos de antimicrobianos en tejido muscular y riñones bovinos comercializados en supermercados de Piura, Perú
Authors: Guerra Delgado Marco Sergio , Elera Ojeda Rosario Nelly
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de estudio fue determinar la presencia de residuos de antimicrobianos en tejido muscular de bovinos y riñones comercializados en supermercados de la ciudad de Piura, Perú. Se recolectaron 100 muestras de tejido muscular procedentes del lomo y punta de cadera, libres de grasa y de aponeurosis y 100 muestras de riñón. De cada muestra obtenida, se analizaron trozos de 8 mm de diámetro y 2 mm de espesor los que fueron depositados sobre un medio de cultivo mezclado con esporas de Bacillus subtilis ajustado a pH 6.0; 7.2 y 8.0. Basándose en el tamaño del halo de inhibición de crecimiento de la cepa, se pudo comprobar que 23 muestras resultaron positivas a la detección de residuos de antimicrobianos. El 5% (5/100) correspondieron a muestras de tejido muscular y 18% (18/100) a riñón. El mayor número de muestras positivas se obtuvo en los supermercados I (2 de tejido muscular y 7 de riñón) y II (2 de tejido muscular y 6 de riñón). La media y desviación estándar del halo de inhibición en las muestras positivas fueron, respectivamente de 4,4 y 0,7 para las muestras de tejido muscular y de 5,0 y 1,3 en caso de muestras de riñón. El estudio concluye que existe la presencia de residuos antimicrobianos en tejido muscular y riñón de bovinos comercializados en supermercados de la ciudad de Piura, diagnosticado con la técnica de Bacillus subtilis que es un método rápido y sencillo utilizado para detectar estos residuos en los productos de los bovinos comercializados.
Authoritariansm of the 21st Century: Analysis in the Institutional Purpose Paradigm
Authors: Nisnevich Y.
Published: August 2021

This article covers the study of modern authoritarianism in institution-targeted paradigm and describes the main trends in modern research: refinement of classification and measurement of authoritarian regimes; analysis of factors influencing their stability and survival. It considers continuous and categorical approaches to classification of political regimes. Authoritarianism is defined as a form of organization of political and state orders based on the use of informal practices in order to retain the power of the ruling political actor (individual or collective) and redistribute the national resources in his interest. This article also presents a new type of authoritarian regimes – neo-authoritarian, where depending on the current political situation and tasks of political and state governance faced by the regime, the dominant mechanism is either systemic corruption or politically motivated state power coercion alongside permanent manipulation of public opinion. The typological analysis of modern authoritarian regimes presented in the article identifies four categorial groups: authoritarian monarchies, communist regimes, postcolonial dictatorships and neo-authoritarian regimes. The latter is divided into two sub-groups: transformational neo-authoritarian regimes established as a result of overthrow of previous dictatorial regimes, or authoritarian reversals; post-Soviet authoritarian regimes stemming from the collapse of the Soviet Union, where the same type of governing social stratum is a direct legacy of the Soviet party and economic nomenklatura. The boundaries between postcolonial dictatorships and neo-authoritarian regimes are conditional and flexible. In situations critical to retaining power, neo-authoritarian regimes use a full range of practices of politically motivated violence intrinsic to dictatorships, while dictatorial regimes employ a wide array of methods of neo-authoritarian regimes to simulate compliance with modern requirements and demonstrate “softening of customs”. The article suggests a topical research trend – analysis of modern practices of authoritarian rule with regards to political and historical dynamics, endogenous and exogenous factors caused by postindustrial civilizational transit and impacting on such practices.
Cluster Forecasting of Corruption Using Nonlinear Autoregressive with Exogenous Variables (NARX) – An Artificial Neural Network Analysis
Authors: Ghahari SeyedAli , Queiroz Cesar , Labi Samuel , McNeil Sue
Published: August 2021

Any effort to combat corruption can benefit from an examination of past and projected worldwide trends. In this paper, we forecast the level of corruption in countries by integrating an artificial neural network modeling and time series analysis. The data were obtained from 113 countries from 2007 to 2017. The study is carried out at two levels: (a) global level where all countries are considered as a monolithic group; and (b) cluster level, where countries are placed into groups based on their development-related attributes. For each cluster, we use the findings from our previous study on the cluster analysis of global corruption using machine learning methods that identified the four most influential corruption factors, and we use those as independent variables. Then, using the identified influential factors, we forecast the level of corruption in each cluster using a nonlinear autoregressive recurrent neural network with exogenous inputs (NARX), an artificial neural network technique. The NARX models were developed for each cluster, with the objective function in terms of the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). For each model, the optimal neural network is determined by finetuning the hyperparameters. The analysis was repeated for all countries as a single group. The accuracy of the models is assessed by comparing the mean square errors (MSE) of the time series models. The results suggest that the NARX artificial neural network technique yields reliable future values of CPI globally or for each cluster of countries. This can assist policymakers and organizations in assessing the expected efficacies of their current or future corruption control policies from a global perspective as well as for groups of countries.
Automatic Lab on PCB System for Agarose Gel Preparation and Electrophoresis for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Urbano-Gámez Jesús David , Perdigones Francisco , Quero José Manuel
Published: August 2021

In this paper, a prototype of an automatic lab on PCB for agarose preparation and electrophoresis is developed. The dimensions of the device are 38×34 mm2 and includes a conductivity sensor for detecting the TAE buffer (Tris-Acetate-EDTA buffer), a microheater for mixing, a NTC thermistor for controlling the temperature, a LDR sensor for measuring the transparency of the mixture, and two electrodes for performing the electrophoresis. The agarose preparation functions are governed by a microcontroller. The device requires a PMMA structure to define the wells of the agarose gel, and to release the electrodes from the agarose. The maximum voltage and current that the system requires are 40 V to perform the electrophoresis, and 1 A for activating the microheater. The chosen temperature for mixing is 80ºC, with a mixing time of 10 min. In addition, the curing time is about 30 min. This device is intended to be integrated as a part of a larger lab on PCB system for DNA amplification and detection. However, it can be used to migrate DNA amplified in conventional thermocyclers. Moreover, the device can be modified for preparing larger agarose gels and performing electrophoresis in an automatic manner.
Effect of Non-Academic Parameters on Student’s Performance
Authors: Lokhande Shantanu , Bahel Vedant
Published: August 2021

With the exponential growth in today’s technology and its expanding areas of application it has become vital to incorporate it in education. One such application is Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) which is a subset of data mining. KDD deals with extracting useful information and meaningful patterns from the database that were not known before. This study is a detailed application of KDD and focuses on analyzing why a particular set of students performed better than others and what factors influenced the results. The study is conducted on a dataset of 480 students and across 16 different features. The authors implemented 4 major classification techniques namely Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest and XGB classifier. Obtaining the key features from the top performing ML algorithms that have a major impact on the performance of the student, the study takes these features as a baseline for further analysis. Further data analysis highlights patterns in the data. The study concludes that there are a lot of non-academic factors that influence the overall performance of a student and should be taken into consideration by universities and other relevant bodies.
Towards Transforming Agriculture for Challenges of 21st Century by Optimizing Resources Using IOT, Fuzzy Logic and Network Coding
Authors: Syed Abid Husain , Ali Syed Zakir
Published: August 2021

Climate risk is one of the confronting factors in Indian agriculture. To overcome this distrust, a large number of sensors can be installed in the fields,The extensive IoT platform can process the data sent by these sensors.The Data stream can be processed in real-timeusing Fuzzylogic, to offer smart solution. Network coding can enhance throughput and security. Thus reducing human interaction and improve efficiency.