bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of rationality in integer-programming relaxations
Authors: Aprile Manuel , Averkov Gennadiy , Di Summa Marco , Hojny Christopher
Published: July 2023

For a finite set $$X \subset \mathbb {Z}^d$$

X
⊂

Z

d

that can be represented as $$X = Q \cap \mathbb {Z}^d$$

X
=
Q
∩

Z

d

for some polyhedron Q, we call Q a relaxation of X and define the relaxation complexity $${\text {rc}}(X)$$

rc
(
X
)

of X as the least number of facets among all possible relaxations Q of X. The rational relaxation complexity $${\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(X)$$

rc
Q

(
X
)

restricts the definition of $${\text {rc}}(X)$$

rc
(
X
)

to rational polyhedra Q. In this article, we focus on $$X = \Delta _d$$

X
=

Δ
d

, the vertex set of the standard simplex, which consists of the null vector and the standard unit vectors in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. We show that $${\text {rc}}(\Delta _d) \le d$$

rc
(

Δ
d

)
≤
d

for every $$d \ge 5$$

d
≥
5

. That is, since $${\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(\Delta _d)=d+1$$

rc
Q

(

Δ
d

)

=
d
+
1

, irrationality can reduce the minimal size of relaxations. This answers an open question posed by Kaibel and Weltge (Math Program 154(1):407–425, 2015). Moreover, we prove the asymptotic statement $${\text {rc}}(\Delta _d) \in O(\nicefrac {d}{\sqrt{\log (d)}})$$

rc

(

Δ
d

)

∈
O

(

d

log
(
d
)

)

, which shows that the ratio $$\nicefrac {{\text {rc}}(\Delta _d)}{{\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(\Delta _d)}$$

rc
(

Δ
d

)

rc
Q

(

Δ
d

)

goes to 0, as $$d \rightarrow \infty $$

d
→
∞

.
Combined petrosal approach: a systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical complications
Authors: Giammattei L. , Starnoni D. , Peters D. , George M. , Messerer M. , Daniel R. T.
Published: July 2023

Transpetrosal approaches are known to be associated with a significant risk of complications, including CSF leak, facial palsy, hearing impairment, venous injury, and/or temporal lobe injury. We aimed to evaluate the morbidity of the standard combined petrosal approach (CPA), defined as a combination of the posterior (retrolabyrinthine) and the anterior petrosal approach. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles reporting on clinical series of patients operated on for petroclival meningiomas through CPA. Studies that used the terminology “combined petrosal approach” without matching the aforementioned definition were excluded as well as clinical series that included less than 5 patients. A total of 8 studies were included involving 160 patients. The pooled complication rates were 3% (95% CI, 0.5–5.6) for CSF leak, 8.6% (95% CI, 4.1–13.2%) for facial palsy, 8.2% (95% CI, 3.9–12.6%) for hearing impairment, 2.8% (95% CI, 0.9–6.5%) for venous complications, and finally 4.8% (95%, 1.2–8.4%) for temporal lobe injury. Contrary to the general belief, CPA is associated with an acceptable rate of complications, especially when compared to alternative approaches to the petroclival area. In view of the major advantages like shorter trajectory, multiple angles of surgical attack, and early tumor devascularization, CPA remains an important tool in the armamentarium of the skull base surgeon.
Enhancement of CO2 adsorption on activated carbons produced from avocado seeds by combined solvothermal carbonization and thermal KOH activation
Authors: Siemak Joanna , Michalkiewicz Beata
Published: July 2023

A new strategy for ultramicroporous activated carbons production from avocado seeds was developed. Combined solvothermal carbonization and thermal KOH activation were conducted. Solvothermal carbonizations were performed in a stainless-steel autoclave lined with Teflon at the temperature of 180 °C for 12 h in three different liquids (water, methanol, isopropyl alcohol). Chars were activated by KOH. The carbonization combined with activation took place in the oven at 850 °C for 1 h. All the samples were very good CO2 sorbents. The highest CO2 adsorption at a pressure of 1 bar was achieved for activated carbon produced using isopropanol. The best carbon dioxide adsorption was equal to 6.47 mmol/g at 0 °C and 4.35 mmol/g at 20 °C.
Non-invasive Assessment of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension
Authors: Brol Maximilian Joseph , Gödiker Juliana , Uschner Frank Erhard , Praktiknjo Michael , Trebicka Jonel
Published: July 2023

Purpose of Review

Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) is a serious clinical condition causing decompensation and potentially fatal complications especially in the presence of advanced liver disease. This article aims to critically review the current literature on non-invasive assessment of CSPH.

Recent Findings

The Baveno VII consensus encouraged non-invasive assessment of CSPH to identify patients at risk and avoid unnecessary screening endoscopies. Novel machine learning and omics-based laboratory scores have been introduced, which can be combined with liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) is an increasingly used novel elastography modality. Elastography and cross-sectional imaging methods have reached similar predictive power, while the accuracy of non-invasive tests can only be improved when used sequentially.

In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of advantages and limitations of non-invasive assessment of CSPH, highlighting their diagnostic accuracy, reproducibility, and feasibility in clinical practice.
Determining the transformative potential of circular agriculture initiatives
Authors: Silvius Jelle , Hoogstra Anne G. , Candel Jeroen J. L. , de Olde Evelien M. , de Boer Imke J. M. , Termeer Catrien J. A. M.
Published: July 2023

Policymakers and scientists regard emerging circular initiatives as levers for transformations towards more sustainable food systems. However, it remains unclear how to determine the extent to which circular initiatives have transformative potential. That is, can these initiatives foster a transformation as a result of how they currently bring circularity into practice? In the transformation literature, the characteristics of transformative initiatives are conceptualised in a generic and abstract way. To address this gap, we develop a heuristic of five characteristics for potentially transformative circular agriculture initiatives, which we illustrate with examples of existing initiatives. The heuristic builds on the ‘small wins’ and circular agriculture literature. Initiatives that hold transformative potential contribute to circular agriculture principles with outcomes that are concrete, in-depth and both technological and social in nature. Additionally, these initiatives faced barriers and overcame them. The heuristic enables policymakers, who call for circular solutions, to identify truly transformative circular initiatives.
Hydrogeochemical characterization of ground and surface water in the eastern part of the Adamawa-Yade domain, Bertoua-Cameroon
Authors: Menti Agbor Nelson , Wotany Egome Regina , Christopher Agyingi , Wirmvem Menjo Jude , Ngai Nfor Jude
Published: July 2023

Groundwater and surface water are major sources of water supply to the inhabitants of Bertoua. Hydrogeochemical study conducted in the study area aimed at identifying the processes that control the chemistry of groundwater sources and to examine the quality of the water sources for domestic and agricultural purposes. Fifty water samples were collected from boreholes, open wells, springs, and rivers within the study area in January 2022 (the dry season). The samples were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and major ions. The water samples were acidic with 94% of pH values less than 6.5. The EC varied from 21 to 776 µS/cm and TDS (8.5–388 mg/l). The low EC and TDS indicate low mineralization and fresh water. The relative abundance of major ions (meg/l) was Ca2+> Mg2+> K+>Na+ for cations and $${\text{H}\text{C}\text{O}}_{3}^{-}$$

HCO

3

-

>Cl−>NO3−>SO42− for anions. These major ions concentrations were low and within the WHO guideline values for drinking water. From Piper diagram three water facies were observed; Ca-SO4, Ca-HCO3 and mixed Ca-Mg-Cl. Rock-water interaction, ion exchange, silicate weathering and anthropogenic activities were the processes responsible for the groundwater chemistry with some minor evaporative effects. Based on Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Residual Sodium Bicarbonate all samples fall in the excellent category for agriculture.
Mesoporous multimetallic nanospheres with exposed highly entropic alloy sites
Authors: Kang Yunqing , Cretu Ovidiu , Kikkawa Jun , Kimoto Koji , Nara Hiroki , Nugraha Asep Sugih , Kawamoto Hiroki , Eguchi Miharu , Liao Ting , Sun Ziqi , Asahi Toru , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: July 2023

Multimetallic alloys (MMAs) with various compositions enrich the materials library with increasing diversity and have received much attention in catalysis applications. However, precisely shaping MMAs in mesoporous nanostructures and mapping the distributions of multiple elements remain big challenge due to the different reduction kinetics of various metal precursors and the complexity of crystal growth. Here we design a one-pot wet-chemical reduction approach to synthesize core–shell motif PtPdRhRuCu mesoporous nanospheres (PtPdRhRuCu MMNs) using a diblock copolymer as the soft template. The PtPdRhRuCu MMNs feature adjustable compositions and exposed porous structures rich in highly entropic alloy sites. The formation processes of the mesoporous structures and the reduction and growth kinetics of different metal precursors of PtPdRhRuCu MMNs are revealed. The PtPdRhRuCu MMNs exhibit robust electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities and low overpotentials of 10, 13, and 28 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline (1.0 M KOH), acidic (0.5 M H2SO4), and neutral (1.0 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS)) electrolytes, respectively. The accelerated kinetics of the HER in PtPdRhRuCu MMNs are derived from multiple compositions with synergistic interactions among various metal sites and mesoporous structures with excellent mass/electron transportation characteristics.
Crosstalk between regulatory elements in disordered TRPV4 N-terminus modulates lipid-dependent channel activity
Authors: Goretzki Benedikt , Wiedemann Christoph , McCray Brett A. , Schäfer Stefan L. , Jansen Jasmin , Tebbe Frederike , Mitrovic Sarah-Ana , Nöth Julia , Cabezudo Ainara Claveras , Donohue Jack K. , Jeffries Cy M. , Steinchen Wieland , Stengel Florian , Sumner Charlotte J. , Hummer Gerhard , Hellmich Ute A.
Published: July 2023

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are essential for membrane receptor regulation but often remain unresolved in structural studies. TRPV4, a member of the TRP vanilloid channel family involved in thermo- and osmosensation, has a large N-terminal IDR of approximately 150 amino acids. With an integrated structural biology approach, we analyze the structural ensemble of the TRPV4 IDR and the network of antagonistic regulatory elements it encodes. These modulate channel activity in a hierarchical lipid-dependent manner through transient long-range interactions. A highly conserved autoinhibitory patch acts as a master regulator by competing with PIP2 binding to attenuate channel activity. Molecular dynamics simulations show that loss of the interaction between the PIP2-binding site and the membrane reduces the force exerted by the IDR on the structured core of TRPV4. This work demonstrates that IDR structural dynamics are coupled to TRPV4 activity and highlights the importance of IDRs for TRP channel function and regulation.
Biophysical ordering transitions underlie genome 3D re-organization during cricket spermiogenesis
Authors: Orsi Guillermo A. , Tortora Maxime M. C. , Horard Béatrice , Baas Dominique , Kleman Jean-Philippe , Bucevičius Jonas , Lukinavičius Gražvydas , Jost Daniel , Loppin Benjamin
Published: July 2023

Spermiogenesis is a radical process of differentiation whereby sperm cells acquire a compact and specialized morphology to cope with the constraints of sexual reproduction while preserving their main cargo, an intact copy of the paternal genome. In animals, this often involves the replacement of most histones by sperm-specific nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs). Yet, how the SNBP-structured genome achieves compaction and accommodates shaping remain largely unknown. Here, we exploit confocal, electron and super-resolution microscopy, coupled with polymer modeling to identify the higher-order architecture of sperm chromatin in the needle-shaped nucleus of the emerging model cricketGryllus bimaculatus. Accompanying spermatid differentiation, the SNBP-based genome is strikingly reorganized as ~25nm-thick fibers orderly coiled along the elongated nucleus axis. This chromatin spool is further found to achieve large-scale helical twisting in the final stages of spermiogenesis, favoring its ultracompaction. We reveal that these dramatic transitions may be recapitulated by a surprisingly simple biophysical principle based on a nucleated rigidification of chromatin linked to the histone-to-SNBP transition within a confined nuclear space. Our work highlights a unique, liquid crystal-like mode of higher-order genome organization in ultracompact cricket sperm, and establishes a multidisciplinary methodological framework to explore the diversity of non-canonical modes of DNA organization.
Non-adiabatic approximations in time-dependent density functional theory: progress and prospects
Authors: Lacombe Lionel , Maitra Neepa T.
Published: July 2023

Time-dependent density functional theory continues to draw a large number of users in a wide range of fields exploring myriad applications involving electronic spectra and dynamics. Although in principle exact, the predictivity of the calculations is limited by the available approximations for the exchange-correlation functional. In particular, it is known that the exact exchange-correlation functional has memory-dependence, but in practise adiabatic approximations are used which ignore this. Here we review the development of non-adiabatic functional approximations, their impact on calculations, and challenges in developing practical and accurate memory-dependent functionals for general purposes.
Organization of a Diving Program on the White Sea
Authors: Plotnikova V. S. , Glushanok T. M. , Shahbazova M. S.
Published: July 2023

The article describes a relatively new area of Russian tourist business – diving tourism. Diving, as one of the most powerful tools for rehabilitation offers two efficient options at once: a useful and not always accessible activity in everyday life and contemplation of an especially beautiful underwater world, therefore it can be included in the range of services of tour companies of the world. However, the possibilities of providing such services in the Extreme North of Russia are insufficiently studied and not wide-spread in tourism. Considering the fact that one of the principal factors of Karelian economy, a large part of which belongs to the Extreme North, must be tourist sphere, the region plans to develop active ways of recreation that can also include diving. In this situation, the development of a new tourist product on the White Sea is quite feasible. The history of the origin and development of underwater diving, the specifics of the organization of a diving tour, its development opportunities in the Far North have been considered. Interesting places for diving on the Karelian and Murmansk parts of the White Sea are presented. The program of the tour «Diving on the White Sea» has been developed, intended for implementation on the territory of the Louhsky district, which in addition to dives at interesting points, provides excursions to the biological station, the Panfilov Varaka Canyon, the historical and geological museum «Valitov Kamen». This article will be useful for the development of active types of tourism in the northern territories of the Republic of Karelia.
The Pedagogical Potential of Using Digital Tools in Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools
Authors: Alipkhanova Fatima , Akhmadova Tamusa , Magomadova Raisa
Published: July 2023

The article considers the pedagogical potential of applying digital tools in teaching and learning in secondary schools. The active digitalization of all spheres of life in modern society raises the question of the appropriate transformation of information and communication spaces of education. The role of digital technologies, the introduction of which contributes not only to the modernization and development of education itself, but also creates prerequisites for improving the quality of training of future specialists and convergence of education with science. A prerequisite for the effective implementation of digital tools in the learning process is the appropriate digital competence of teachers themselves, that is, all teachers in educational institutions should be able to work in an information environment. First and foremost, digital technologies individualize the learning process and develop student autonomy. Digital technologies also help the teacher to optimally control the learning activities of students. The author concludes that digital technologies are no longer only a tool, but also a new environment for the modern school student, which can be used to solve a number of educational tasks, including improving the quality and attractiveness of information transfer, which in turn will help to maintain learning motivation.
Environmental Education Practices in Russia: Experience in the Context of History
Authors: Efimochkina N. B. , Sulumov S. Kh.
Published: July 2023

The article presents a retrospective analysis aimed at identifying historical traditions, within which the methodology of domestic environmental education was formed. The relevance of the problem raised is connected with the need to study the historical experience of previous generations, the established traditions of nature conservation and protection, which made it possible to form the basic principles and activity practices of ecological culture and its basic component - ecological education. The presented analysis made it possible to identify the main lines of development of environmental education, which are directly related to key practices in the field of state regulation of environmental activities, ethical and environmental scientific thought and social environmental movements in their unity. At present, the experience and traditions of environmental education are becoming in demand, as they provide a real opportunity to solve modern environmental problems. Using the example of studying the processes of institutionalization of environmental education, the authors substantiate the thesis that a systematic approach in the unity of the triad “law-science-society” is the center of crystallization of a new image of environmental culture in the context of environmental education, aimed at the formation of public practices of respect for the environment.
Modern Technologies as Important Tools for Environmental Education During the Environmental Crisis
Authors: Gubasheva Kh. A. , Temirova A. B. , Madaev S. M.
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the experience and problems of environmental education, education and upbringing. The author emphasizes that environmental education, education and upbringing play an important role in preserving the environment and creating a sustainable future for our planet. The article presents an overview of the experience of environmental education, education and upbringing in various countries, as well as an analysis of the main problems associated with these processes. The author discusses the shortcomings in the existing environmental education programs and suggests ways to eliminate them.
Food Supply as the Main Factor of People’s Quality of Life
Authors: Batirov Kh. F. , Kobilov E. E. , Aslakhanova S. A.
Published: July 2023

The “global (world) food problem” in this study refers to the ability of humanity to fully provide itself with vital food of good quality and in accordance with physiological norms (healthy diet) while maintaining ecological balance (preventing irreversible changes in the human environment). The last condition - the principle of “sustainable development”, was proposed about fifty years ago and underlies almost all modern concepts of the development of civilization. The concept of “healthy diet” (“healthy diet”) is one of the key ones in the analysis of the problem of food supply for the population - as an important criterion in assessing the degree of food availability. In accordance with the definition contained in the materials prepared for the Summit, “healthy diet” (Healthy Diet) - a condition for good health and disease prevention. It is characterized by sufficient (without excess) amount of nutrients, as well as substances that promote health, allows you to avoid the consumption of substances harmful to health. For the purposes of further research, we will define the relationship between the concepts of “healthy diet” and “healthy foods”. The first concept is general, including a balance in essential nutrients, a sufficient amount of the daily diet when using “healthy” (without the content of unhealthy substances) products. Thus, “healthy foods” are part of a “healthy diet”.
Innovations in the System of Strategic Management of the Security of the National Economy
Authors: Isaeva Patimat
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the significance of innovations in the system of strategic management of the security of the national economy in the context of globalization and uncertainty. The strategically important tasks of the modern state are the development of domestic science-intensive production, the development, implementation, development of innovative information technologies focused on the production of competitive products. It is concluded that innovations in the conditions of an innovative economy are not only the final commercialized result of innovative activity that has received demand among individual consumers, but also intermediate results of the innovation process in the form of an innovative idea being implemented in the field of marketing, management, and personnel management. The article systematizes the attributive properties of innovations in the conditions of an innovative economy. The degree of entrepreneurial risk is analyzed due to the need to constantly search for new ways of doing business in a changing external environment and in conditions of high competition. The concepts of “innovative activity” and “innovative process” in the system of innovative economy are distinguished. The system of innovativeness of entrepreneurship in an innovative economy is generalized, if an entrepreneur at any specific stages of the life cycle seeks to introduce innovations, new technologies, innovative forms of personnel management or non-standard forms of interaction with competitors.
Financial Reserves of Households as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of Territories
Authors: Irizepova Margarita Sh.
Published: July 2023

Household finance is a new sub-branch of financial science, so the terminology has not yet been formed. Least developed approaches to understanding the financial reserves of households. The article presents the author’s understanding of the financial reserves of households, proposes their classification into perfect and imperfect reserves, discloses their regulatory, risk, accumulation and investment functions, assesses the possibility of their formation by Russian households in modern economic conditions. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of the specific mixed nature of the financial reserves of the household as part of income and type of expense. The basis for further scientific and practical research of the financial reserves of households has been laid.
Application of Measuring Instruments with Elements of Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Cross-Cultural Communications of Personnel of Outsourcing Sewing Enterprises
Authors: Rogozhina Iulia , Guseva Marina , Andreeva Elena
Published: July 2023

Continuous changes in the global world affect the interaction of Russian and foreign enterprises. The long-term experience of cooperation between the sewing enterprises of Russia and China has shown that for the fruitful development of relations in a period of unstable international situation, it is necessary to introduce a new communication format into the production cycle digital quality control of semi-finished and finished clothing products. Since the middle of the last century, outsourcing has become an actual form of development of the global clothing industry, involving remote interaction between the head offices of design firms and contractor factories. A feature of labor relations at outsourcing enterprises is the maintenance of norms and values of business cultures of cooperating countries. Due to interethnic differences in the interpretation of such a basic concept in the industry as “the quality of sewing”, controversial situations often arise that reduce the positive image and reputation of representatives of conflicting parties. The introduction of a contactless form of acceptance of finished products using the computer vision tool will not only optimize the final inspection stage, but also improve the psychological climate when interacting with the controller-inspector and employees of the outsourcing factory. Computer vision effectively detects the emerging defect among semi-finished garments.
Corpus-semantic analysis of the value of trust in phraseology (on the material English, German, Russian and Chechen)
Authors: Seda Musaevna Yusupova
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the value of trust in the phraseology of English, German, Russian and Chechen. Semantic, corpus, comparative analysis of idioms by taxa is carried out: complete trust, formation of trust, destruction of trust. In English, Russian and Chechen, trust is associated with faith. In German contexts, a negative attitude towards blind and complete trust is reflected, the importance of having reliable data is emphasized. In Russian, idioms express the meaning of “seeking trust,” which requires effort. In Russian, trust is community, ownership, work, language. In the Chechen language, trust is highly appreciated and must be achieved, earned. In the contexts of the use of idioms, the theme of the language factor and speech communication in the process of building trust relationships also develops. In all languages, a common language model of trust is built, which includes communication participants, communication content, semantic and connotative aspects. In different languages, the value of trust is expressed through the prism of human relations and character properties, as openness, kindness, community. Data from the British National Corps, the Corps of Modern American Language, the National Corps of the Russian Language showed that in different languages quasi-equivalent idioms are characterized by different frequencies of use.
Formation of Intercultural Competence in the Process of Learning a Foreign Language Through Authentic Video
Authors: Shamileva R.D. , Davletukaeva A.Sh. , Elzhurkaeva M.Ya.
Published: July 2023

The scientific work is dedicated to the study of the process of learning a foreign language as a term of intercultural communication. In the modern world, interaction between people from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds occurs constantly. With the development of technology and transport, and the growth of immigration, more and more people are traveling around the world, and society is becoming more diverse. The modern methodology of teaching foreign languages aims to use a number of technological means to fulfill the educational goal. One of these learning tools is video.

Video is one of the most popular ways to bring information to students, which can be a useful source of knowledge for both students and teachers. This is especially true for foreign language teachers who aim to develop students’ language skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing. Foreign language teachers can find a number of learning opportunities that can be used to great advantage in the classroom.
Digital Technology and Practices of Humanities Research
Authors: Dzhukaeva M. A. , Muslimova M. I. , Mamedova G. B.
Published: July 2023

Our world began with an image. A leaf falls from a tree and lands on the surface of the water, carried by ripples and whirlpools to a new place far removed from ins origin. There is he able to form new streams in calm water. This image is a metaphor, representing the interweaving of technology with the practices and values of humanities research, being both a point of intersection and a torrent of unexpected and predictable contingencies. Logical methods in the digital humanities lend themselves well to theory and documentation. At a level of a distinct set of defined statistical topics that can be generated using a software tool such as MALLET (Machine Learning for Language toolkit, a cross – platform topic modeling tool) rather that a set equivalent retrieved a linear normal reading process, representing the difference in degree. The methodological stake and consequences of the choice for the knowledge it creates are questioned, but taken into account and understood in scientific discussions. The falling leaf, getting into the wave, continues to move down, and the open frame of its fall can be lost, changing the path of the leaf. However, the leaf may later grow together, thus forming a barrier that affects further flows. Technology is sublimated into the fabric of scientific methods and the organization of the work of scientists is marked by a certain inevitability because of the methodological forces at work and because of the technologies that enable communication and interaction in the wide society.
The Specifics of the Provision of Psychological Services to the Population in the Era of Digitalization
Authors: Serdyukova Elena Fedorovna , Shapovalova Margarita Lvovna , Nikulina Svetlana Anatolyevna
Published: July 2023

This article presents and analyzes the opinions of practicing psychologists on the effectiveness of providing a psychological service and remote form mainly using the Internet. The authors also have presented the results of their own research, based on the implementation of a program for correcting non-optimal types towards pregnancy (depressive, anxious and ambivalent choices) through psychological support of women using remote format. In the pilot’s study, we have used a specially developed program to improve the emotional well-being of pregnant women with non-optimal type of attitude towards pregnancy. The women gave their consent to participate in the study during a scheduled to visit to the clinic. Sixty participants were Involved into the study, all the people were divided into two groups control and experimental. Both groups included 30 persons. In the study we have used 37 indicators. There no were statistically significant differences between the levels of indicators of the diagnosed characteristics of experimental and control groups before the formative stage of the study. Those differences appeared after the using the developed program in the online format.
Segmentation and Fragmentation the Case of Telegram Channels
Authors: Malakhov A. A. , Kovalev G. S. , Dadaeva M.S.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the authors examine the concepts of segmentation and fragmentation, the Telegram messenger and Telegram channels. In addition, the authors hypothesize that both concepts are present in the Telegram messenger and are used by various Telegram channels. The relevance of this hypothesis and the extent to which the concepts of fragmentation and segmentation are applicable to Telegram channels are then examined. The empirical basis for this paper is telegram channels and data on telegram channels that we obtained using a telegram channel analytics service called TGStat. The following telegram channels served as examples to support our hypothesis: we considered “Mash” and “Карточный Домик” telegram channels as examples of segmentation, “Meduza” (see the Notes) and “PeachBlossom” channels were analyzed to study fragmentation, and Lenta and “Осторожно” telegram channels served as examples of both audience segmentation and fragmentation. We consider this area promising for further more in-depth research.
Historical Outline of the Takva Mosque, Sibay, Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Bayramgulova Gulfira , Kulueva Julia , Aminev Fanil
Published: July 2023

The city of Sibay of the Republic of Bashkortostan is young, which began construction in the days of strengthened socialism; and there are no events that affected most of the mosques in the villages of Baimaksky district, such as secularization, the liquidation of the Muslim community, mosques and the confiscation of its religious property. The history of the first mosque is connected with the history of the city, since it was originally formed in the Soviet years as a result of the industrialization of the Soviet Union, and there was no need to talk about mosques in those years. But times of change came and almost all the villages of the Bashkir Trans-Urals acquired their own mosques. The Bashkirs and Tatars who settled in this area and became the reason for the appearance of our city were ethnic Muslims. In the city of Sibay, a mosque and an Orthodox church were being built at the same time. One of the features of the end of the last century is that the population recognized a certain positive significance of religion, especially in the field of the moral education of the young.
Marriage and Wedding Ceremonies Among the Chechens
Authors: Khasbulatova Z. I. , Yusupova Kh. M. , Ozdamirova E. M.
Published: July 2023

In the past, all the peoples of the Caucasus considered marriage and family as the greatest human values, and marriage as a moral duty of every person. Only marriage made it possible to attract the necessary working hands to an ordinary peasant family, and in the future - to increase its production potential at the expense of grown-up daughters and especially sons. Only this made it possible to conduct a full-fledged economy also because in a traditional society there was a strictly regulated inter-sex division of labor between a man who earns a living and a woman who serves him with her housework. Not the last role was played by the fact that in the conditions of such a society with its regorical patriarchal foundations, only marriage could ensure normal communication between a man and a woman, not to mention procreation. Finally, the traditions of paramilitary patriarchal-feudal life, characteristic of most peoples of the Caucasus, added another one to the main motives for marriage - to expand the circle of family ties in order to provide themselves with additional support and protection.
The History of the Institutionalism Inception
Authors: Bisultanova Aza
Published: July 2023

The author studied the institutionalism theoretical foundations, stated each founder’s contribution to the economic theory development and highlighted the institutionalism formation in stages characterizing each one. The main postulates are accented and an attempt to consider some distinctive features of each stage is made in the study. The article considers the evolution of the institutionalism formation as well as the features of institutional theory as an economic thought school. The author also highlighted distinctive characteristics and similar elements in economic thought theories at each evolutionary stage of the institutionalism development. According to leading Russian researchers, institutionalism at the current stage of economic development is one of the popular modern economic thought schools. Currently, not only economists but also sociologists as well as legal scholars and political scientists take a neo-institutional approach in their teachings
I-Total Coloring and VI-Total Coloring of mC4 Vertex-Distinguished by Multiple Sets
Authors: WANG Nana , CHEN Xiang'en
Published: July 2023

We give the optimal I-(VI-)total colorings of [see formula in PDF] which are vertex­distinguished by multiple sets by the use of the method of constructing a matrix whose entries are the suitable multiple sets or empty sets and the method of distributing color set in advance. Thereby we obtain I-(VI-)total chromatic numbers of [see formula in PDF] which are vertex-distinguished by multiple sets.
High-Precision Dead-Time Intellectual Property Core and Its Compensation for Inverters
Authors: CHEN Hao , LIU Sanjun , LAI Guohong
Published: July 2023

In the inverter circuit, there exists a specific on-off time in each power transistor. As such, to prevent a short circuit of the two switch devices on the upper and lower bridge arms, a specific dead time must be set in the pulse width modulation (PWM) and the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) signals. In this paper, an intellectual property (IP) core that can introduce a high-precision dead time of arbitrary length into PWM or SPWM signals of the inverter is designed to increase the precision, convenience and generalization of dead time control, resulting in a boosted control accuracy of up to 10 ns. Moreover, the added Avalon bus enables IP cores to be accessed by the field programmable gate array (FPGA) processor in a standard manner and multiple IP cores of the same class can be easily incorporated. In addition, an application for setting and compensating for dead time in a three-phase inverter based on system on programmable chip (SOPC) technology is presented. With the Nios II CPU as its core, the system adopts the mean voltage compensation method to calculate the compensation voltage, and performs dead-time compensation in a feed-forward manner. The three dead-time IP cores are controlled by Avalon bus. These allow the dead time of three groups of power transistors to be accurately controlled and flexibly adjusted. The system also features the master computer communication function while boasting the advantages of flexible control, high precision and low cost.
Cyclic-polymer grafted colloids in spherical confinement: insights for interphase chromosome organization
Authors: Paturej Jarosław , Erbaş Aykut
Published: July 2023

Interphase chromosomes are known to organize non-randomly in the micron-sized eukaryotic cell nucleus and occupy certain fraction of nuclear volume, often without mixing. Using extensive coarse-grained simulations, we model such chromosome structures as colloidal particles whose surfaces are grafted by cyclic polymers. This model system is known as Rosetta. The cyclic polymers, with varying polymerization degrees, mimic chromatin loops present in interphase chromosomes, while the rigid core models the chromocenter section of the chromosome. Our simulations show that the colloidal chromosome model provides a well-separated particle distribution without specific attraction between the chain monomers. As the polymerization degree of the grafted cyclic chains decreases while maintaining the total chromosomal length (e.g. the more potent activity of condensin-family proteins), the average chromosomal volume becomes smaller, inter-chromosomal contacts decrease, and chromocenters organize in a quasi-crystalline order reminiscent of a glassy state. This order weakens for polymer chains with a characteristic size on the order of the confinement radius. Notably, linear-polymer grafted particles also provide the same chromocenter organization scheme. However, unlike linear chains, cyclic chains result in less contact between the polymer layers of neighboring chromosome particles, demonstrating the effect of DNA breaks in altering genome-wide contacts. Our simulations show that polymer-grafted colloidal systems could help decipher 3D genome architecture along with the fractal globular and loop-extrusion models.
Development and performance test of an expansive particle temporary plugging agent
Authors: Fang Yuyan , Fang Junwei , Zhang Xiong , Pan Lijuan , Feng Xingen , Luo Pandeng , Wang Lei
Published: July 2023

Addressing the problems found in some wells in the carbonate reservoirs of Tahe and Shunbei blocks, such as wide natural fractures and large leakage, an efficient temporary plugging agent is developed to effectively seal up large fractures and leaky wells without affecting the flow path after acid fracturing. The temporary plugging agent is prepared by crosslinking an organic zirconium crosslinker with starch-grafted polyacrylamide. Among the materials, starch-grafted polyacrylamide shows good viscoelasticity, water absorption, expansion, and degradable properties; an organic zirconium crosslinker can improve the sealing effect. The temporary plugging agents produced from the two-boast have good performance in water absorption and expansion, temporary plugging pressure, and degradability. Experimental tests evaluated the developed expansive particle temporary plugging agent’s performance. According to the results, the particle size of the temporary plugging agent can expand 4 times larger; its final degradation under formation conditions reaches 99%. A larger plugging agent particle size and a higher concentration of the plugging agent can increase the plugging pressure. The plugging pressure can be as high as 15.5 MPa at a 5% concentration of the plugging agent with a particle size of 2 mm, which fully meets the needs of temporary plugging fracturing on site.
Research on the Effect of Two Different Polycarboxylic Acid Water-reducing agent on the Sensitivity of Concrete
Authors: Lin Zhijun , Zhang Xiaofang
Published: July 2023

Polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent (PCE) is mixed into concrete under different conditions, which brings sensitivity to concrete. This paper establishes a series of evaluation methods by investigating the sensitivity under different conditions. This paper compares the sensitivity of two different PCEs in different parameters of concrete and tests the difference in concrete expansion or slump value under the conditions of different dosages, water consumption, temperature and types of raw materials. The results show that the sensitivity of PC-1 and KZJ-1 is different for different types of cement, and the sensitivity of water consumption, temperature, and raw materials is better than PC-1.
Study on the influence of waste glass powder replacing fly ash on the performance of concrete
Authors: Wang Yongding , Wu Faxiang , Zhang Zhichao , Lin Jianfa , Bao Longxiang
Published: July 2023

The influence of glass powder replacing fly ash on concrete construction and mechanical properties is studied. By using glass powder with certain fineness to replace fly ash in the proportion of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively, the concrete test is carried out by controlling other ingredients in the mix proportion. The influence of glass powder replacement ratio on concrete slump, expansion, air content, carbonation depth and strength is studied. The test results show that when the specific surface area of glass powder is 600m2 / Kg, when the replacement rate is not more than 25%, its impact on concrete is within the controllable range, and it can replace part of the fly ash for use. This research can accelerate the full recycling of waste glass resources and promote the development of circular economy.
Experimental Study on EDM SKD61 with Different Material Electrodes
Authors: Li Wenming , Zhang Wujin
Published: July 2023

The electrode is an essential tool in electrical discharge machining (EDM). The quality and efficiency of EDM are directly determined by the performance of electrode materials. Copper tungsten alloy (CuW50) and pure copper cuboid electrodes were fabricated by wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM). The machining parameters of processing current, pulse width and machining efficiency were selected as test variables, and the single-factor EDM experiment was carried out on SKD61 die steel with the goal of processing speed v and machined surface Ra. The results show that the processing speed and machined surface obtained by using pure copper electrodes are better than those obtained by using the CuW50 electrode. The processing current, pulse width and machining efficiency parameters corresponding to the maximum processing speed and the optimal machined surface obtained using the two material electrodes are basically different.
Corrosion Analysis of Shale Gas Downhole Tubing Under the Synergistic Action of Multiple Factors
Authors: Sun Ming , Cui Wei , Lin Nan
Published: July 2023

The downhole tubing of a shale gas block in our southwest region has been corroded to varying degrees, which has led to perforation failure, seriously affecting the normal production of gas wells, and at the same time, there are great potential safety hazards. To clarify the corrosion type and corrosion mechanism, the corrosion analysis research of downhole tubing was carried out. The research methods mainly include corrosion morphology observation, corrosion product analysis, and fluid mechanics calculation. The results show that the corrosion under the synergistic effect of scouring-CO2-SRB (Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria)-Cl-is the main corrosion type of downhole tubing in shale gas and scouring that causes damage to the pipe wall in the early stage of operation. These locations are suitable for SRB growth and enrichment, and SRB corrosion causes local corrosion: with the addition of the bactericide, the SRB corrosion stops. At this time, CO2 corrosion continues to develop at the local corrosion position that has been formed. Although it is in the CO2 corrosion insensitive range and the corrosion inhibitor is added, the formed corrosion pit makes the pre-film difficult, it is difficult to guarantee the corrosion inhibition effect. Therefore, SRB corrosion is the main corrosion in the downhole pipe section in the early stage, and CO2 corrosion is the main corrosion in the later stage. Fluid scouring such as liquid sand and gas sand and Cl- promote the occurrence and development of related corrosion.
Study On Novel Fe3O4@UiO-66@Bi2O3 Synthesis for Effective Methyl Orange Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: Xu JingYin , Zhang HaoKun , Zhao LiRong
Published: July 2023

With the booming industry, the demand for dyes has increased dramatically and the discharge of wastewater containing dyes has also increased dramatically. Owing to the multi-pore nature and stabilization of UiO-66, the relatively small band gap of Bi2O3 and the good magnetic properties of Fe3O4, Fe3O4@UiO-66@Bi2O3 has good efficiency and reusability to remove methyl orange (MO). The maximum degradation rate is 83.26%, and the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 solved the problem of difficult recovery of UiO-66 as a nanomaterial with a recovery rate of 98.79%. In this work, the results showed that the Fe3O4@UiO-66@Bi2O3 catalysts composite increased the specific surface area, improved the separating efficiency of both holes and electrons as well as significantly enhanced the photo-catalytic efficiency in comparison to single Fe3O4@UiO-66 and Bi2O3@UiO-66 materials. The photocatalytic decomposition procedure is consistent with the primary reaction kinetics. The outcomes suggest that Fe3O4@UiO-66@Bi2O3 (FUB) is a strong contender for the removal of MO.