bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planet of the APCs: A decade of progress and setbacks in open access
Authors: Bolick Josh , Emmett Ada , Greenberg Marc L , Peterson A. Townsend , Rosenblum Brian
Published: October 2024

It has been ten years since the JLSC’s publication “Bottlenecks in the Open Access System: Voices from Around the Globe,” which provided a forum for researchers on four continents and of various disciplinary, political, and economic circumstances to share perspectives on open access (OA) funded by article processing charges (APCs). The authors of “Bottlenecks…,” of which we are a subset (we organized the article, sought and collated coauthor input, and led analysis and drafting of discussion and conclusions), supported OA, but raised issues with APC “gold” OA, which excludes many of them from authorship opportunities. Then, and now, we propose that “diamond” (or “platinum”) OA models (no payment for reading or authoring) are more equitable and appropriate. In the intervening years, however, scholarly publishing and OA have been highly dynamic, changing both for better and for worse. For example, the rhetorical arguments for OA have clearly prevailed, yet significant challenges remain, both among those observed in 2014 and newly arisen. A significant shift has occurred to APC-funded OA, which is now a deeply entrenched model. Many research funders have taken increasingly strong (and shifting) roles to promote, shape, and reform OA, and there has been a proliferation of business models and experimentation. Piracy and extra-legal solutions to access remain the elephant in the room. These evolutions take place in a context of corporate capitalism and neoliberalism. We have seen that major changes can be made in relatively short time spans (e.g., Plan S and its uptake by major publishers), and we see a dire need to consider broad impacts, especially for scholars and publishers on the peripheries of conventional scholarly publishing. In this article, we outline major events and shifts in the interconnected academic, funding, and publishing landscapes and their impacts; we identify major hurdles that readers and authors now face; we use the Adaptive Leadership Framework to briefly examine paths that we see as the most promising; and we provide a foundation for the contributions from our peers that follow in this special issue.
A Study on the Distinction between Thrombus and Blood Stasis in Left Atrial Appendage using Dual Energy CT before Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Authors:   KOREA SOCIETY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY, Kim Kyung-Ki , Kim Sung-Kwan , Song Min-Cheol , Chung Yong-Hwan , Dae Chang-Min , Seo Choong-Beom
Published: October 2024

In atrial fibrillation patients who performed Dual Energy Computed Tomography and Transesophageal Echocardiography before Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation, Cut-off values were derived from images of Dual Energy blended image, iodine maps, Zeff, and 70 & Sn150 kV in distinguishing thrombus from blood stasis, and the usefulness and optimal evaluation method were studied. The previous study analyzed the concordance rate of CT reports and TEE results in 18 thrombus patients and 80 blood stasis patients, and the ratio was measured by setting ROI in the filling defect of the ascending aorta and left atrial appendage in each DECT image. Sensitivity and specificity were analyzed through the ROC curve and Cut-off value was obtained. The follow-up study quantitatively evaluated 5 thrombus patients and 13 blood stasis patients by applying Cut-off value to images of DECT, and analyzed the concordance rate by comparing the results of the TEE. In previous studies, the concordance rate between CT and TEE results of qualitative evaluation was 80.6%. The ROC curve analysis results of the measurement method obtained with DECT showed that all sensitivity was 100%, and specificity and AUC were measured the highest in Iodine maps. In subsequent studies, which quantitatively evaluated CT by applying Cut-off value, the concordance rate of measurement methods using iodine maps was 93.9%, up about 13.3% from previous studies. It is believed that a quantitative evaluation method using the Cut-off value of iodine maps for patients with limited TEE before RFCA can be an alternative to the TEE to distinguish thrombus in the left atrial appendage.
A Comparative Study of Computed Tomography and Ultrasound Imaging on Device Size during Percutaneous Atrial Septal Defect Closure
Authors:   KOREA SOCIETY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY, Ha Sang-Wook , Kim Sang-Hun , Sung Dong-Chan , Son Choon-Bong , Park Sang-Man
Published: October 2024

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most commonly found congenital heart diseases, and percutaneous obstruction is currently being applied as the primary treatment in place of surgery. For successful closure, it is very important to determine the exact anatomical structure of the pre-procedure defect and to determine the appropriate closure device for the maximum size of the defect. Therefore, this study attempted to compare the size of the device applied to ASD obstruction in actual patients with ASD size measured through transesophageal echocardiography, intracardiac echocardiography, and cardiac CT scans and to evaluate the usefulness of cardiac CT scans. In this study, 62 adults over the age of 20 who underwent percutaneous obstruction of an ASD were studied retrospectively, and transesophageal echocardiography and intracardiac echocardiography measured the longest major axis of ASD based on images recorded in the medical image storage transmission system. In cardiac CT, the major axis was measured in the cardiac systolic phase, where the size of ASD was maximized. Only 36-45% of the electrocardiogram R-R peak interval was classified and examined by cardiac systolic phase. As a result of the experiment, the average size of the ASD closure device was 20.41 mm, and the average length of the ASD major axis measured by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and cardiac CT was 16.90 mm, 17.11 mm, and 19.04 mm, respectively. The absolute values of the variation index were 3.91 ± 0.33 mm, 3.35 ± 0.22 mm, and 2.22 ± 0.19 mm, respectively, and all statistical analysis results showed significant differences.(P<0.05) This study, which compared the device size applied to the patient's ASD obstruction with the patient's ASD size measured by TEE, ICE, and cardiac CT, has the most similar results of cardiac CT, and it is thought that if images are acquired in the cardiac systolic phase, it will be possible to acquire high-value images in the diagnosis of ASD along with unnecessary dose reduction of the patient.
Escribir en el posgrado: El acompañamiento de tesistas para su desarrollo como investigador(a)
Authors: Moreno Mosquera Emilce , Soares Sito Luanda Rejane
Published: October 2024

El trabajo aborda la escritura de tesistas de posgrado, haciendo énfasis en la percepción de los(as) directores(as) de tesis (maestría y doctorado) sobre su propio rol, su vínculo con su tesista y los modos de acompañar la escritura en posgrado; se analizan sus testimonios para identificar las prácticas letradas relacionadas con el acompañamiento y los significados atribuidos al mismo. Los resultados evidencian que el acompañamiento pedagógico de la escritura puede incidir favorablemente en la formación de investigadores, ayudando a que los tesistas avancen en su capacidad crítica–argumentativa y participen en las comunidades académicas a las que aspiran unirse. Estos hallazgos pueden aportar al diseño de políticas para la formación de tutores de tesis.
Acompañar el desarrollo de la literacidad académica de universitarios indígenas
Authors: Lombardi González Karla Susana , Silas Casillas Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

Se muestra una propuesta didáctica que tiene como finalidad facilitar el desarrollo de la lectura y la escritura académicas en estudiantes universitarios indígenas provenientes de diversas culturas originarias de México. Se parte de la experiencia de acompañamiento desarrollada en un espacio dedicado ex profeso al interior de una institución de educación superior privada, urbana y no intercultural, que el imaginario colectivo denomina coloquialmente “tradicional”, por ser el tipo de universidad más conocido por la población. La intervención que fue el medio para poner en práctica la propuesta didáctica fue bien valorada por sus actores fundamentales (estudiantes y facilitador) y demostró ser efectiva en el desarrollo de la literacidad académica.
Theatre in film as intensification of senses. Othello in R. Eyre’s Stage Beauty
Authors: Rybina P. Y.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the phenomenon of theatre in film, associated with the effects of sensory intensification. In her analysis of R. Eyre’s drama Stage Beauty (an adaptation of J. Hatcher’s play Compleat Female Stage Beauty), the author shows that a theatrical performance within a film proves to be especially effective in engaging various perception modalities and bringing the audience in touch with their own sensations. A fragment of Act V Scene II of Othello constitutes the structural core of Eyre’s film. Affectively charged with fear of death, jealousy, and revenge, this fragment makes five appearances in the film. The viewers learn about a reconstruction of a historic theatre, as well as the emergence of a new and more naturalistic tradition. The essay is divided into small sections according to the logic of sensory focuses, which, Rybina argues, reveal themselves at each new staging of the fragment. Tracing how the perception modalities (visual, auditory, and kinesthetic) are activated, the author proves that the main goal of theatre in film is to enhance the viewers’ sensory awareness.
Behind the stage of a literary text ‘A wish from place to place to roam…’
Authors: Tsimbaeva E. N.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with problems that plagued travellers in the mid-18th to early 20th cc., which often began as soon as they left their house and only got worse on their short- or long-distance journeys. The topic of travel looms large in the literature of the period. Most characters populating Russian or Western European books undertake journeys, be it to a country estate or the capital city; to a spa resort or for a stay at a friends’ house; they head to a ball or for a spot of shopping. Their real-life contemporaries, however, tended to travel even more frequently, almost permanently, while literature often downplayed disruptions caused by travel in favour of a smooth plot. This itch ‘from place to place to roam’ is particularly baffling given the extreme discomfort of travel back in the day. The author examines historical evidence to identify as many travel plights as possible which were omitted by writers who assumed the reader’s familiarity with the situation. Depictions of historical travel routines are contrasted with celebrated works by A. Pushkin, J. Austen, Ch. Dickens, and other writers whose characters live a seemingly realistic life.
Nadezhda Gorodetsky’s autographs in Belarus
Authors: Sidorova T. P.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes inscriptions made by the writer Nadezhda Gorodetsky (Gorodetskaya) on her books gifted to M. Osorgin and P. Berkov. In a brief biographical summary included in the article, we learn about Gorodetsky — a Russian émigré writer and critic, and the key milestones of her literary career, including the years in Paris and England (Oxford and Liverpool). At large the study is concerned with two of her autographs discovered by Sidorova in Belarussian libraries. Their descriptions feature a detailed cultural-historical commentary. The first autograph appears on a copy of A Non-Through-Line [Neskvoznaya nit], Gorodetsky’s novel published in Paris in 1929: it is a presentation inscription with Osorgin as its recipient. The other was left on the front endpaper of the monograph Saint Tikhon Zadonsky, Inspirer of Dostoevsky, converted from Gorodetsky’s own doctoral thesis and published in London in 1951; the author, its previous owner, inscribed the copy to Berkov.
Miljkovic, N. (2022). Three conversations about Poplavsky: Boris Poplavsky’s poetics through the prism of intertextuality. Belgrade, Sevojno: Faculty of Philology, Grafičar. (In Russ.)
Authors: Matveeva Yu. V.
Published: October 2024

The review is devoted to a monograph about the Russian émigré poet Boris Poplavsky written by the Serbian scholar Nikola Miljkovic. Marking the 120th anniversary of Poplavsky’s birth, the book is the author’s third study of the poet. Miljkovic justly recognizes Poplavsky’s legacy as a unique literary phenomenon with its own ontological, existential, historical, and aesthetical roots. The book’s structure corresponds to the scholar’s threefold objective: to explore various modifications of Poplavsky’s lyrical self; to examine the influence of various aesthetical paradigms (Romanticism, the Decadent movement, Symbolism, Futurism, Surrealism, and Dadaism); and to determine how prominently Poplavsky’s ties with Russia feature in his poetry, in terms of his connections with Russia’s past, as well as its culture and literature. The scholar’s intertextual approach is viewed as a largely fitting and productive, if not indisputable, new reading of Poplavsky’s oeuvre.
The black sun that lights the underworld. On I. Ermakova’s The Copper Mirror [Mednoe zerkalo]
Authors: Pogorelaya E. A.
Published: October 2024

The article offers a detailed review of The Copper Mirror [Mednoe zerkalo], a collection of selected works from several decades by the contemporary poet I. Ermakova. Following the book’s structure that draws on the titles of Ermakova’s earlier collections (The Provinces [Provintsiya], The Vineyard [Vinogradnik], and A Lullaby for Odysseus [Kolybelnaya dlya Odisseya]), the critic traces a plot that guides the reader on a journey from the post-Soviet Russian provinces of the 1990s into the present day. Although the most up-to-date poems in the book date from 2020 (including the opening verse ‘I started a bonfire, fed the flame…’ [‘Ya razvyol kostyor, nakormil plamya…’], which seems to hold the key to the book’s meaning and objective), the meticulous selection of poems and their arrangement reveal a book that is undeniably modern in its response to the latest topics and challenges. In addition to the commentary on the book’s inner theme and Ermakova’s ‘manifesto’ poems, the review considers the critical reception of her works and cites the best articles about the poet, including the preface to The Copper Mirror by the critics and philologists A. Skvortsov and A. Salomatin.
The genre has a pulse: Ode in modern Russian poetry
Authors: Kozlov V. I. , Miroshnichenko O. S.
Published: October 2024

The article seeks to disprove the assumption that the ode as a poetic genre breathed its last in the 1830s–1850s. The scholars suggest that no genre remains a form cast in concrete, but instead serves as a toolkit facilitating the creative process. To prove that the genre of ode is still relevant, the authors consider works of four eminent modern poets — A. Belyakov, V. Gandelsman, I. Ermakova, and A. Kushner — and describe their use of the genre. In each case, ode features prominently, its importance recognized by the poets themselves. The article argues in favour of a more in-depth study of the evolution of the ode in the non-canonical period of Russian literary history.
Female images in Fet’s poems edited by Turgenev
Authors: Sarycheva K. V.
Published: October 2024

The article sets out to reconstruct Turgenev’s objective in revising a collection of Fet’s poems to be published in 1856. 19th-c. censorship restricted the scope of literature approved for women’s reading, although the restrictions were circumvented where possible. Turgenev took an interest in literature produced by contemporary female authors, introduced characters of women writers and poets in his books, and may have tried to influence female audiences’ reading trends. Preparing the 1856 collection, Turgenev revised its structure compared to the 1850 edition, with the effect of emphasizing female characters and the theme of a woman’s feelings and love. Further changes concerned descriptions of women’s love-induced desires. Turgenev edited out their first-person expression, as well as explicit depictions of a woman’s body; at the same time, he kept first-person descriptions of divination by a lyrical heroine, as well as accounts of love and lovers’ assignations through the eyes of a male lyrical hero. However, such a revision of female images, with their subjectivity and sensuousness, clashed with Fet’s own objective stated in the poem ‘The Muse’ and earlier editions of his poems.
About designing a planned education system in an existing corporate infrastructure
Authors: Gedenidze D. T. , Sinitsyn A. V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Maintaining approaches to designing a system for planned training of system integrator employees in relation to corporate infrastructure.

Methods. The company’s internal processes related to employee training are considered, approaches to designing a  system of planned corporate training for employees in the field of the department’s technological infrastructure are proposed.

Results. The need to develop our own system for planned corporate training of system integrator employees was substantiated, functional requirements were formed, the architecture of the software complex was designed, intersystem interaction was designed, algorithms for calculating user recommendations were proposed.

Conclusions. Despite the availability of solutions for corporate training on the market, developing your own system is still the optimal solution for a large company, allowing you to satisfy all the needs of employees and managers in managing corporate training, as well as the most optimal way to integrate the system into the existing over many years, the company’s technological infrastructure, while avoiding the involvement of thirdparty specialists.
Analisis Perhitungan HPP Dan Harga Jual Produk UN Owen Menggunakan Metode Full Costing Dan Metode Cost Plust Pricing
Authors: Nurmawati Lilik , Hidayat Hidayat , Negoro Yanuar Pandu
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi cara perhitungan nilai jual barang "Curcuma Sugar" oleh UN OWEN, UMKM dari Gresik, Jawa Timur, yang mengalami kerugian meski permintaan tinggi. Mengaplikasikan metode Full costing serta Variable Costing, Penelitian ini menganalisis nilai Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) dan Menetapkan harga jual optimal melalui Metode Cost Plus Pricing. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pengukuran manual UN OWEN kurang memperhitungkan biaya overhead dan penyusutan, sehingga memberikan harga jual yang cocok dan tepat. Berdasarkan perhitungan dan analisis, harga jual ini akan diperuntukkan untuk memperoleh keuntungan 15%, 20%, dan 25% dengan pendekatan Full Costing adalah Rp 27.747, Rp 28.976, dan Rp 30.183 per unit, sedangkan pendekatan Variable Costing menghasilkan harga Rp 21.948, Rp 22.902, dan Rp 23.856 per unit. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar UN OWEN menggunakan perhitungan yang lebih mendetail untuk menentukan harga jual guna menghindari kerugian.
 
Kata Kunci: Full Costing, Cost Plus Pricing, UMKM
Deteksi Jenis Kelamin Berdasarkan Wajah Menggunakan Metode YOLOv8
Authors: Adrezo Muhammad , Ardiansyah Muhamad Erlan
Published: October 2024

Deteksi objek merupakan salah satu penerapan dalam cabang computer vision yang mengalami banyak pengembangan. Penerapan deteksi objek telah banyak dilakukan, salah satunya adalah deteksi wajah dan pengenalan wajah. Wajah dapat berisi informasi karakteristik seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi jenis kelamin berdasarkan citra wajah dengan metode YOLOv8. Dataset yang digunakan terdiri dari 94 data citra dimana dalam satu citra dapat mengandung lebih dari satu wajah sehingga terkumpul 119 data termasuk dalam kelas Pria, dan 127 data termasuk dalam kelas Wanita. Hasil performa model yaitu, nilai precision sebesar 0.85 dan recall sebesar 0.86. Serta nilai mAP50 sebesar 0.89 dan nilai mAP50-95 sebesar 0.68. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan performa menunjukkan bahwa model yang dibuat mampu mendeteksi dan membedakan jenis kelamin dengan cukup baik.
Kata Kunci: Deteksi Objek, Computer Vision, Deteksi Jenis Kelamin, YOLO
Didactics of dramatic play for children in early education (3 to 6 years old) a proposal from applied theatre
Authors: Huertas Ruiz Diana Patricia
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El juego dramático en la educación inicial ha sido tradicionalmente vinculado a vestuarios y maquillaje. No obstante, se propone una resignificación de este como un medio didáctico que trascienda lo superficial y fomente el desarrollo integral de los niños. Esta investigación explora el potencial del juego dramático desde una perspectiva educativa, con énfasis en el proceso creativo y el papel del profesor como guía, fundamentado en los principios del teatro aplicado. Metodología: El estudio emplea una metodología fenomenológico-hermenéutica, enfocada en la experiencia vivida de educadores en formación de la Licenciatura en Artes Escénicas. A través del análisis de clases, se examina cómo el juego dramático se implementa y evoluciona en el contexto educativo, observando la interacción de los futuros profesores con este recurso didáctico. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de resignificar el juego dramático y fortalecer la orientación del profesor en su aplicación. Se identifican diversas fases del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, donde el juego dramático evoluciona desde el espacio ficcional hasta la creación conjunta. En este proceso, se fomenta el pensamiento simbólico, la expresión corporal y la creatividad, permitiendo una complejización gradual del juego. Discusión: Se debate la importancia de reconfigurar el concepto del juego dramático, extendiendo su enfoque más allá de lo lúdico hacia la exploración, el descubrimiento y la creación conjunta. La integración del teatro aplicado no solo enriquece el proceso pedagógico, sino que también amplia el campo expresivo de los niños, permitiendo un desarrollo más profundo en términos de creatividad y reflexión sobre su entorno cultural. Conclusiones: El juego dramático, cuando se construye didácticamente, constituye un espacio valioso para estimular el pensamiento creativo en los niños y reflexionar sobre su entorno cultural. Al integrarse con contenidos axiológicos, este enfoque favorece aprendizajes significativos, contribuyendo al desarrollo social, emocional y lingüístico de los niños.
Inteligencia artificial y productos sanitarios: evaluación ética y biojurídica
Authors: Cruz Valiño Ana Belén
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) avanza un prometedor escenario de futuro en investigación biomédica. Los problemas de validación de los sistemas de IA en salud podrían comprometer gravemente la salud. Metodología: El estudio del derecho antidiscriminatorio desde la vertiente de la eficacia horizontal de los derechos fundamentales permite evaluar ética y jurídicamente los desarrollos de IA en productos sanitarios y evitar lesionar valores en el marco de la contratación. Resultados: Analizar las caracteristicas que deben de cumplir los productos sanitaros con IA, tras su definición y conciliarlos con una IA ética, legal y robusta exige el compromiso de todas las partes. Discusión: Se plantea el interrogante sobre cómo adaptar los CEI para la evaluación de productos IA y se recomienca la Evaluación de Impacto para evitar vulneraciones de derechos. Conclusiones: Evitar la lesión  de derechos fundamentales requiere implementar metodologías de validación rigurosas en todo el ciclo de vida de un sistema de IA y  el compromiso ético y profesional de todos los intervinientes.
Зміст та структура курсу методики викладання інформатичних дисциплін у закладах вищої освіти
Authors: Олефіренко Надія , Гонтар Юрій
Published: October 2024

The article examines the pedagogical aspects of implementing the methodology course for teaching informatics disciplines in master’s degree programs in informatics. It describes the structure and content of the Digital Competence Framework for Citizens (DigComp) introduced by the European Commission, as well as its practical application in education. The approaches to the informatics training of higher education students are analyzed. The principles and specifics of informatics as a general education discipline are defined. The content of the methodology course for teaching informatics disciplines is proposed, which is revealed through the topics of two content modules.
Türk müziğinde yeni bir form; Sâz ü terennüm
Authors: Destegül Aziz , Köprülü Yazıcı Gamze
Published: October 2024

Türk müziği diğer müziklerde de olduğu gibi iki icrâ dinamiği üzerinden ifade olunur. Ses (vokal) ve çalgı icrâları, yer aldığı kültür içerisinde farklı biçimlerde kendisini gösterir. Türk müziği kültürü, içerisinde yer alan şarkı, türkü, peşrev, kâr, saz semâî gibi daha pek çok sese ve çalgı icrâsına dayalı dinamik form anlayışı ile ortaya konur. Gelenek içerisinde yer alan kâr ve seyr-i nâtık formları, sanatlı bir form olmaları yanında makam ve usûl öğretimini de destekleyen bir yapıya sahiptirler. Nitel çalışmada bu anlayış ile mezkûr iki formun öğreticiliğinden yararlanarak sâz ü terennüm adı ile yeni bir form örneği ortaya konmak amaçlanmıştır. Nitel çalışmada ezgi analizleri ve kaynak taraması ile birlikte sâz ü terennüm formunun Türk müziği nazarî ve icrâ anlayışına uygunluğu ve icrâcılar tarafından kullanılabilirliği için uzman görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Sâz ü terennüm formunun örneklendirilmesi, Şehrî Kırşehrî el-Mevlevî Yusuf İbn Nizameddin İbn Yusuf Rumî’nin Risale-i Mûsikîsi’nde yer alan Hûz-i Bûselik, Horasâni Hüseynî, Arazbar, Bûselik Aşîran ve Sultân-i Irak terkipleri ile yapılmıştır.
Economic positions of EU countries in Latin America. Spanish and German experiences
Authors: Tayar V. M
Published: October 2024

The article aims to provide an analysis of bilateral economic cooperation between the countries of the European Union (EU) and Latin American and Caribbean (LCA). Particular attention is paid to Spain and Germany – countries that in recent years, in the context of the reformatting of the world order, clearly intend to strengthen economic relations with the Latin American region. The article shows, based on a comparative analysis, that the strategies and case studies of these two EU Member states in the LCA differ. The author concludes that some European countries return to Latin America every time when the EU has a special economic need for it.
Pendampingan dan Penyuluhan Guru Sekolah Dasar di Indramayu untuk Pengembangan Information Technology
Authors: Pujiyati Wresni , Darsanto Darsanto , Dekawati Ipong
Published: October 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam upaya untuk peningkatan kemampuan menggunakan Information Technology (IT) khususnya pada program office, selancar internet, dan identifikasi menggunakan Quick Response Code (QR Code) kepada guru. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mengajar, khususnya dalam penggunaan Information Technology oleh guru sehingga murid menjadi bertambah pengetahuan dan kemampuan khususnya bidang Information technology yaitu pada identifikasi dengan menggunakan QR Code. Metode yang dilaksanakan melalui penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan pada pemahaman bidang IT khususnya di program office, selancar internet, dan identifikasi menggunakan QR Code. Dari tidak tahu, pernah mendengar. Menjadi mengerti dan dapat menggunakan.
Microscopic Characterization of Adiabatic Shear Bands in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Hat-Shaped Specimens
Authors: Xue Hao , Wang Tao , Huang Guangyan
Published: October 2024

The dynamic failure behavior of additive manufacturing (AM) materials is an important factor in their engineering applications. In this article, 316L stainless steel (SS316L) hat-shaped specimens along the material building direction were manufactured by a selective laser melting (SLM) machine. By carrying out split Hopkinson compression bar tests with impact bar speeds of 20m/s and 50m/s respectively, morphological characteristics of the adiabatic shear band (ASB) of the hat-shaped specimen were investigated. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that a plastic deformation band with a width of approximately 750μm is formed in the shear area of the hat-shaped specimen at an impact speed of 20m/s, and no ASB is formed. At an impact speed of 50m/s, an ASB with a width of approximately 20∼80μm was observed, and the ASB was located between a plastic deformation region and the molten pool rows. The Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) results show that there are nanoscale grains in the ASB, and a strip-like preferred orientation of grains appears in the shear region, which coincides with the molten pool rows. This may be related to the remelting mechanism. Finally, the evolution mechanism of the ASB in the SS316L hat-shaped specimen was also explained. The research provides insights into the revelation of the adiabatic shear dynamic failure mechanism of AM materials, the prediction of dynamic instability behavior of AM materials, and even the failure modes of customized AM materials.
Analysis of Transient-Like Vertical Acceleration Events on Semi-Trailer Truck to Simulate Package Testing
Authors: Pidl Renáta , Böröcz Péter
Published: October 2024

In road traffic, encountering significant bumps is common, especially at sunken railway crossings, tertiary roads, and poorly maintained access roads. Speed bumps, also known as “sleeping policemen,” exacerbate the issue, requiring drivers to slow down abruptly. Depending on visibility and anticipation, vehicles approach these obstacles at various speeds, resulting in impact loads primarily in the vertical direction on the vehicle’s load platform. Accelerations exceeding g-force levels can cause cargo to bounce, leading to potential damage and horizontal sliding, particularly problematic for semi-trailer trucks carrying high-value goods. This study focused on measuring and evaluating this effect using a specific speed bump model simulating a defined road defect on a particular vehicle. The highest vertical acceleration recorded was 2.4G at a speed of 10 km/h. At 5 km/h, the acceleration was 0.76G, while at 15 km/h, it reached 1.9G. These findings suggest that a speed around 10 km/h poses the most risk for such vehicles, with acceleration levels expected to decrease for both slower and faster speeds.
Research on Anti-Overturning Reinforcement Devices for Poles in Transmission Line Engineering
Authors: Zhang Liang , Chen Chen , Niu Kai , Xu Weihao , Jin Ke , Wang Dehong
Published: October 2024

In order to solve the problem of insufficient anti-overturning capacity of distribution line poles under adverse natural weather conditions, including rainstorms and typhoons, which leads to pole overturning and other phenomena, a kind of anti-overturning strengthening device for transmission line engineering poles is designed in this paper. Including: h-type concrete preform, cover plate, hoop, oblique brace, connecting screw, and so on. Through the reserved holes between the components, a reliable connection is achieved by means of a bolt connection. The device can effectively improve the anti-overturning bearing performance of the pole, increase the ability of the pole line to resist wind disasters, rainstorms, and other weather conditions, and ensure the normal operation of the power grid.
Reliability-Based Optimization of Sinusoidal-Web Steel Beams: Integrating Experimental and Numerical Analyses for Enhanced Structural Performance
Authors: Cserpes Imre , Habashneh Muayad , Soóki-Tóth Gábor Csaba , Movahedi Rad Majid
Published: October 2024

A new method for optimizing the design of nonlinear sinusoidal-web steel beams is introduced in this paper, focusing on reliability-based design principles. Utilizing a custom-written code with a reliability index as a key control factor, the study incorporates stochastic variables such as flange thickness, sinus wave width, sinusoidal-web plate thickness, and applied load magnitudes. Employing Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through ABAQUS software conducting experimental testing on sinusoidal HEA beams, this research showcases the successful application of reliability-based design in modifying beam design to meet the reliability requirements. The adoption of the suggested approach, which incorporates Monte Carlo simulation, is crucial in guiding the development of structural configurations that are robust to random nature in both load and manufacturing conditions. Results showcase improved structural integrity, and the successful convergence of optimized values, emphasizing the potential for enhanced steel structure design.
FlowLearn: Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models on Flowchart Understanding
Authors: Pan Huitong , Zhang Qi , Caragea Cornelia , Dragut Eduard , Jan Latecki Longin
Published: October 2024

Flowcharts are graphical tools for representing complex concepts in concise visual representations. This paper introduces the FlowLearn dataset, a resource tailored to enhance the understanding of flowcharts. FlowLearn contains complex scientific flowcharts and simulated flowcharts. The scientific subset contains 3,858 flowcharts sourced from scientific literature and the simulated subset contains 10,000 flowcharts created using a customizable script. The dataset is enriched with annotations for visual components, OCR, Mermaid code representation, and VQA question-answer pairs. Despite the proven capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) in various visual understanding tasks, their effectiveness in decoding flowcharts—a crucial element of scientific communication—has yet to be thoroughly investigated. The FlowLearn test set is crafted to assess the performance of LVLMs in flowchart comprehension. Our study thoroughly evaluates state-of-the-art LVLMs, identifying existing limitations and establishing a foundation for future enhancements in this relatively underexplored domain. For instance, in tasks involving simulated flowcharts, GPT-4V achieved the highest accuracy (58%) in counting the number of nodes, while Claude recorded the highest accuracy (83%) in OCR tasks. Notably, no single model excels in all tasks within the FlowLearn framework, highlighting significant opportunities for further development.
TrustMIS: Trust-Enhanced Inference Framework for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Wang Fuyi , Ouyang Jinzhi , Pan Lei , Zhang Leo Yu , Liu Xiaoning , Wang Yanping , Doss Robin
Published: October 2024

Recent advancements in privacy-preserving deep learning (PPDL) enable artificial intelligence-assisted (AI-assisted) medical image diagnostics with privacy guarantees, addressing increasing concerns about data and model privacy. However, intensive studies are restricted to shallow and narrow neural networks (NNs) for simple service (e.g., disease prediction), leaving a gap in exploring diverse inferences. This paper proposes TrustMIS, a trust-enhanced inference framework for fast and private medical image segmentation (MIS) and prediction services. Based on two-party computation, TrustMIS introduces lightweight additive secret-sharing tools to safeguard medical records and NNs. Complementing existing PPDL schemes, we present a series of secure two-party interactive protocols for linear layers. Specifically, we optimize the secure matrix multiplication by reducing the number of expensive multiplication operations with the help of free-computation addition operations to enhance efficiency (bringing 1.15× ∼2.64× savings in both time and communication costs). Furthermore, we customize a fresh secure transposed convolutional protocol for MIS-oriented NNs. A thorough theoretical analysis is provided to prove TrustMIS’s correctness and security. We conduct experimental evaluations over two benchmark and four real-world medical datasets and compare them to state-of-the-art studies. The results demonstrate TrustMIS’s superiority in efficiency and accuracy, improved by 1.1× ∼ 54.4× speedup in secure disease prediction, and 5.56% ↑ ∼ 11.7% ↑ accuracy in secure MIS.
SPIN: SE(3)-Invariant Physics Informed Network for Binding Affinity Prediction
Authors: Choi Seungyeon , Seo Samgmin , Park Sanghyun
Published: October 2024

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinity is crucial for rapid and efficient drug development. Recently, the importance of predicting binding affinity has led to increased attention on research that models the three-dimensional structure of protein-ligand complexes using graph neural networks to predict binding affinity. However, traditional methods often fail to accurately model the complex’s spatial information or rely solely on geometric features, neglecting the principles of protein-ligand binding. This can lead to overfitting, resulting in models that perform poorly on independent datasets and ultimately reducing their usefulness in real drug development. To address this issue, we propose SPIN, a model designed to achieve superior generalization by incorporating various inductive biases applicable to this task, beyond merely training on empirical data from datasets. For prediction, we defined two types of inductive biases: a geometric perspective that maintains consistent binding affinity predictions regardless of the complex’s rotations and translations, and a physicochemical perspective that necessitates minimal binding free energy along their reaction coordinate for effective protein-ligand binding. These prior knowledge inputs enable the SPIN to outperform comparative models in benchmark sets such as CASF-2016 and CSAR HiQ. Furthermore, we demonstrated the practicality of our model through virtual screening experiments and validated the reliability and potential of our proposed model based on experiments assessing its interpretability.
Pixel-wise Reclassification with Prototypes for Enhancing Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Diao Yujie , Yu Ruiguo , Li Xuewei , Fan Yilong , Liu Zhiqiang , Yu Mei , Wang Chenhan , Gao Jie
Published: October 2024

Refining the seed region to obtain finely annotated pseudo masks for training a segmentation model is a crucial step in the multi-stage weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) framework. One of the most popular refinement methods, IRN, extends seed regions towards the edges in the image. However, we observed that, due to the lack of guidance from semantic information, IRN’s refinement may lead the generation of partially erroneous refinement directions. To address this issue, we leverage prototypes to recover the overlooked category semantic information in the refinement stage. We propose a prototype-based pseudo mask reclassification post-processing (PtReCl) to correct misclassified pixels in the pseudo masks, generating refined pseudo masks with more accurate coverage. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that our post-processing approach brings improvements in both pseudo mask quality and segmentation results on PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets, achieving state-of-the-art performance on VOC.
MakeupAttack: Feature Space Black-Box Backdoor Attack on Face Recognition via Makeup Transfer
Authors: Sun Ming , Jing Lihua , Zhu Zixuan , Wang Rui
Published: October 2024

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). As a widely-used DNN-based application in real-world scenarios, face recognition systems once implanted into the backdoor, may cause serious consequences. Backdoor research on face recognition is still in its early stages, and the existing backdoor triggers are relatively simple and visible. Furthermore, due to the perceptibility, diversity, and similarity of facial datasets, many state-of-the-art backdoor attacks lose effectiveness on face recognition tasks. In this work, we propose a novel feature space backdoor attack against face recognition via makeup transfer, dubbed MakeupAttack. In contrast to many feature space attacks that demand full access to target models, our method only requires model queries, adhering to black-box attack principles. In our attack, we design an iterative training paradigm to learn the subtle features of the proposed makeup-style trigger. Additionally, MakeupAttack promotes trigger diversity using the adaptive selection method, dispersing the feature distribution of malicious samples to bypass existing defense methods. Extensive experiments were conducted on two widely-used facial datasets targeting multiple models. The results demonstrate that our proposed attack method can bypass existing state-of-the-art defenses while maintaining effectiveness, robustness, naturalness, and stealthiness, without compromising model performance. Our code is available at https://github.com/AaronSun2000/MakeupAttack.
Adversarial Erasing Transformer for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Zhang Bingfeng , Yu Siyue , Gao Xuru , Sun Mingjie , Lim Eng Gee , Xiao Jimin
Published: October 2024

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation has attracted a lot of attention recently. Previous methods can be divided into two types, which are single-stage training and multi-stage training. In this paper, we focus on multi-stage training for image-level weakly supervised semantic segmentation. Many recent methods have tried to use transformer architecture as the backbone for CAM generation since it can capture global relationships to refine CAM accurately. However, we observe that such a backbone still fails to generate complete and smooth CAM. We argue that this is because the attention mechanism in the transformer can only pay attention to the most discriminative relationships. It is difficult to capture semantic-level long-range pair-wise relationships under image-level supervision. Thus, we propose an adversarial erasing transformer network called AETN, where an erasing attention mechanism is designed to establish more extensive pair-wise relationships. To cope with erasing, more target features will be forced to activate. Thus, better feature representation can be obtained for more accurate CAM generation. Besides, to further help our network learn better feature representation, we propose a self-consistent learning mechanism based on different augmentations. In this way, our AETN outperforms recent methods. Our AETN achieves 73.0 mIoU on the PASCAL VOC 2012 val set and 73.9 mIoU on the PASCAL VOC 2012 test set. Code is available a https://github.com/siyueyu/AETN.
Noise-Free Explanation for Driving Action Prediction
Authors: Zhu Hongbo , Wulff Theodor , Maharjan Rahul Singh , Han Jinpei , Cangelosi Angelo
Published: October 2024

Although attention mechanisms have achieved considerable progress in Transformer-based architectures across various Artificial Intelligence (AI) domains, their inner workings remain to be explored. Existing explainable methods have different emphases but are rather one-sided. They primarily analyse the attention mechanisms or gradient-based attribution while neglecting the magnitudes of input feature values or the skip-connection module. Moreover, they inevitably bring spurious noisy pixel attributions unrelated to the model’s decision, hindering humans’ trust in the spotted visualization result. Hence, we propose an easy-to-implement but effective way to remedy this flaw: Smooth Noise Norm Attention (SNNA). We weigh the attention by the norm of the transformed value vector and guide the label-specific signal with the attention gradient, then randomly sample the input perturbations and average the corresponding gradients to produce noise-free attribution. Instead of evaluating the explanation method on the binary or multi-class classification tasks like in previous works, we explore the more complex multi-label classification scenario in this work, i.e., the driving action prediction task, and trained a model for it specifically. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluation results show the superiority of SNNA compared to other SOTA attention-based explainable methods in generating a clearer visual explanation map and ranking the input pixel importance.
HyenaPixel: Global Image Context with Convolutions
Authors: Spravil Julian , Houben Sebastian , Behnke Sven
Published: October 2024

In computer vision, a larger effective receptive field (ERF) is associated with better performance. While attention natively supports global context, its quadratic complexity limits its applicability to tasks that benefit from high-resolution input. In this work, we extend Hyena, a convolution-based attention replacement, from causal sequences to bidirectional data and two-dimensional image space. We scale Hyena’s convolution kernels beyond the feature map size, up to 191×191, to maximize ERF while maintaining sub-quadratic complexity in the number of pixels. We integrate our two-dimensional Hyena, HyenaPixel, and bidirectional Hyena into the MetaFormer framework. For image categorization, HyenaPixel and bidirectional Hyena achieve a competitive ImageNet-1k top-1 accuracy of 84.9% and 85.2%, respectively, with no additional training data, while outperforming other convolutional and large-kernel networks. Combining HyenaPixel with attention further improves accuracy. We attribute the success of bidirectional Hyena to learning the data-dependent geometric arrangement of pixels without a fixed neighborhood definition. Experimental results on downstream tasks suggest that HyenaPixel with large filters and a fixed neighborhood leads to better localization performance.
Unveiling Learner Dynamics: The ECLIPSE Dataset and NeuralGaze Framework for Prolonged Engagement Assessment in Online Learning
Authors: Anand Avinash , Mittal Avni , Dhawan Laavanaya , Ramesh Mahisha , Krishnamurthy Juhi , Lal Naman , Jaiswal Raj , Bhuyan Pijush , Himani  , Verma Astha , Ratn Shah Rajiv , Zimmermann Roger , Satoh Shin’ichi
Published: October 2024

Understanding student engagement in online education is crucial for optimizing learning outcomes. This paper introduces ECLIPSE dataset (Extended Classroom Learning Insights via Prolonged Student Engagement), comprising 10,110 annotated images from a 55-minutes , 30-minutes and 20-minutes online lecture. Annotations include four affective states: engagement, boredom, confusion, and frustration. ECLIPSE enables the investigation of learner attention dynamics over extended periods, overcoming the limitations of short-duration datasets. We establish benchmarks for ECLIPSE using models such as EfficientNet, Vision Transformer, Residual Attention Network, and GLAMOR-Net. We propose NeuralGaze, a novel framework integrating Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) with self-attention mechanisms, demonstrating superior accuracy in engagement level assessment compared to basic single-frame models. Furthermore, we introduce CG-SwT, a content-guided Swin Transformer model, which significantly outperforms the baseline ViT model on the ECLIPSE dataset (with F1-score improvements of 21.12%, 12.5%, 16.77%, and 15.41% for engagement, boredom, frustration, and confusion respectively). Our methods surpass existing single-frame engagement prediction baselines for both EngageNet and DAiSEE datasets by significant margins (7.4% and 6.2%, respectively). The code and dataset will be made publicly available.