bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BLOCKCHAIN UNCHAINED: REVOLUTIONIZING SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT FOR PRECISION, PRODUCTIVITY AND PRIVACY
Authors: Shafiq Zeeshan , Junaid Z.B. , Qadir Syed Muhammad Nouman
Published: December 2024

Blockchain is an open-source, decentralized ledger that underpins its transformative role in supply chain management. It facilitates direct transactions between parties, ensuring greater transparency than traditional financial institutions. This transparency extends to supply chain operations, where participants gain trust through identical ledgers, enhancing overall business transactions. Blockchain's utilization helps eliminate inaccuracies in payments, shipment delays, and financial ledger entries, thereby improving accuracy and efficiency. This paper aims to provide a concise overview of Blockchain's potential long-term effects, outlining fundamental differences between supply chains with and without Blockchain. The methodology adopted in this paper is to carry out a systematic literature review that covers contemporary supply chain management knowledge, Blockchain applications, and the technology's foundations, contributing to a holistic understanding of its transformative potential in the supply chain landscape. Moreover, in this study, we apply the theoretical base framework analysis approach to fill the gap regarding the knowledge of blockchain technology integration in supply chain management in the organization. This study will contribute to covering theoretically based blockchain supply chain management by thoroughly analyzing the state of the industry today, highlighting important issues, and putting up creative solutions. Policymakers, business professionals, and researchers attempting to negotiate the challenges of integrating and maximizing Blockchain technology inside the supply chain ecosystem will also find great value in the insights obtained from this study. In addition to adding to the body of knowledge in academia, the results offered here will provide useful advice for creating and implementing reliable, transparent, and effective supply chain systems that make use of Blockchain technology. As we explore deeper into this developing landscape, the conclusions of this research will surely play a crucial part in influencing the path of future studies and breakthroughs in Blockchain-based Supply Chain Management Systems.
SHAPING THE FUTURE: NAVIGATING PAKISTAN'S MICROCHIP MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN POTENTIAL
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Ali Shan , Khatoon Aasia , Asmatullah Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Microchips are the unacknowledged leaders of our digital era, energizing, if you will, the devices from smartphones to space explorations. The write-up provides an insight into the complicated interconnection of the production supply chain of microchips, which shows its key importance and widespread effect on digitization. The examination of the microchip manufacturing supply chain is dedicated to the complexities and problems inherent in the semiconductor industry, in particular in Pakistan. The research is out to find important supply chain elements, which are: raw material procurement, fabrication processes, testing, packaging, and distribution. The research problem focuses on the identification of the bottlenecks and supply chain vulnerabilities that can jeopardize the production and delivery of the goods. Methodologically, the study uses a blended methodology combining questionnaires and interviews with experts to acquire detailed insights. The study reveals that collaborations, technological advancements, and policy interventions are needed to improve the efficiency and resilience of the microchip supply chain. These measures should be taken in the context of national security and economic stability. The outcomes of this research, along with the establishment of a strong and self-sufficient microchip manufacturing supply chain in Pakistan. This paper will guide the decision-makers, the industry stakeholders, and the researchers in the promotion of technological development and the establishment of a resilient supply chain for microchip manufacturing in Pakistan.
LEAN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY ON FOOD DEPOTS
Authors: Ali Hamza Ali Hamza , Junaid Z.B. , Majid Aiman
Published: December 2024

The firm is trying to get ahead of its competitors in different industries through LSCM in today’s cutthroat competition environment. By reducing waste, removing risks and increasing efficiency and cost-effectiveness, it enhances its operational performance. This research explores food depots’ problems in the food industry and how they can apply LSCM to minimise wastage, reduce lead time, improve cost-effectiveness, enhance efficiency and achieve better operational performance within a framework of constant improvement. As such, an ideal environment, as well as proper care for these perishable items, is crucial since any deviation may lead to contamination that ultimately results in reduced productivity and increased cost. Thus, this research provides insight into the extent to which deployment of lean supply chain management can help ensure optimal utilisation of resources in terms of achieving maximum productivity levels with minimal costs involved during the process while improving operational performances for the food depots. In sum, Lean Supply Chain Management offers a systematised approach towards daily activities at a food depot with an efficient distribution system, hence minimum expenditure mitigating unnecessary wastage, thus achieving topmost production rates.
EXPLORING TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE INTEGRATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN TANZANIA
Authors: Manase Joseph , Eliya John
Published: December 2024

This study explored teachers’ perceptions of integrating entrepreneurship education (EE) in public primary schools. The research was guided by Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory (1986). Two specific objectives were addressed: first, to examine the influence of teachers’ demographic characteristics on their perceptions of integrating EE, and second, to explore teachers’ overall perceptions of EE integration in public primary schools. A concurrent triangulation research design was adopted, involving both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Simple random sampling was employed to select wards, schools, and teachers, while purposive sampling was used to identify head teachers from each school. The sample comprised 110 respondents, and data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic and descriptive analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using correlation analysis. The findings revealed that teachers held positive views toward entrepreneurship education, though their commitment to its implementation was limited. Furthermore, teachers’ perceptions were positively correlated with certain demographic characteristics, such as age, while weaker correlations were observed with marital status, gender, and education level. It is recommended that the EE policy be strengthened to encourage active participation by educational stakeholders, including teachers, in implementing EE in Tanzanian primary schools. The integration of EE in the primary school curriculum has significant implications, equipping graduates with entrepreneurial competencies to adapt and engage creatively in society. These skills will support their future endeavors as they advance through higher academic levels.
ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE EDUCATIONAL CURRICULUM IN REDUCTION OF EDUCATIONAL DESPARITY
Authors: Haque Irfan
Published: December 2024

Educational disparity is a critical issue that influences numerous associations around the world, especially in emerging nations. The paper features the role of sustainable educational curriculum in decreasing educational differences and elevating impartial access to quality education for all understudies. The idea of sustainable educational curriculum includes coordinating maintainability standards into the educational program's substance, design, and delivery. sustainable educational curriculum means to establish a learning climate that urges understudies to foster decisive reasoning abilities, natural stewardship, and a feeling of social obligation. By integrating manageability subjects into the educational program, understudies can find out about points, for example, environmental change, practical living, and social imbalance, which can engage them to become specialists of positive change in their networks. The paper likewise examines the hypothetical and observational groundworks of feasible sustainable educational curriculum, featuring the advantages of this methodology for spanning the curriculum gap between various financial gatherings. Research has demonstrated the way that a sustainable curriculum can work on understudies' scholarly execution, increment their commitment and inspiration, and improve their critical thinking abilities. Nonetheless, carrying out a sustainable curriculum educational plan presents reasonable difficulties that require instructor preparation, strategy support, and adequate resources. For instance, teachers might expect preparing to successfully incorporate manageability subjects into the educational plan, and policymakers might have to give subsidizing and backing to economical schooling drives. Despite these difficulties, the paper contends that supportable schooling isn't just an ethical objective yet additionally a financial need. Sustainable training can assist with lessening instructive inconsistencies, advance social value, and make a more manageable future. By putting resources into reasonable schooling drives, policymakers, instructors, and different partners can guarantee that all understudies approach excellent training and equivalent open doors for progress.
THE TECH EFFECT: SHAPING PRODUCTIVITY AND SPARKING INNOVATION (A STUDY OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR IN KARACHI)
Authors: Khan Laiba
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the transformative power of IT in terms of productivity and innovation that is taking place across Karachi’s emerging IT sector. Employing a multimethod approach combining surveys, interviews, and case studies, we study the complex interplay between technology adoption efficiency and organization innovation strategies. Located in the specific socio-economic landscape of Karachi, our findings reveal subtle obstacles and opportunities that businesses encounter within this technologically advanced ecosystem. The obtained results emphasize the direct connection between IT incorporation and higher productivity, underlining technology’s centrality in modern business settings. Secondly, it examines the multidimensional effects of innovation processes, offering insights into how organizations in Karachi create competitive advantage through the often-changing IT landscape. This research acts as a one-stop reference for organizations, policymakers, and researchers interested in gaining further insights into the complex relationship between technology, productivity, and innovation operational only within the IT industries of Karachi.
A THOROUGH ANALYSIS OF GROUNDS AND AFTERMATH OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Authors: Ansari AsanShakil , Ahmed Asad , Azmat Ali
Published: December 2024

Domestic Violence (DV) poses a complex and enduring social dilemma, profoundly affecting individuals across various dimensions, from physical to psychological realms. In the context of Pakistan, a country witnessing a consistent rise in domestic violence cases, the COVID-19 lockdowns intended for containment inadvertently led to a surge in DV incidents. This study aims to unravel the driving forces behind DV and comprehend its profound impacts on the affected individuals. The research, conducted through online surveys with 125 women who were either victims or witnesses of DV, unfolded critical findings. Economic dependency emerged as a significant driver of DV, particularly when women were financially reliant on their partners. Post-COVID-19, financial constraints further intensified DV cases. The study revealed a substantial impact of DV on anxiety and Fear, with participants highlighting severe repercussions on their mental health. Shockingly, nearly 50% expressed contemplation of self-harm due to DV. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions addressing economic disparities and financial constraints exacerbated by the pandemic. It illuminates the pressing requirement for comprehensive strategies to alleviate the pervasive impact of DV on mental health, emphasizing the gravity of the issue for both immediate and long-term societal well-being.
FOSTERING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: ANALYZING THE INFLUENCE OF DIVERSE RAINFALL SEASONS ON FRUIT YIELD USING PREDICTIVE MACHINE LEARNING MODELS
Authors: Ishaq Khushboo , Jhatial Shamim , Parveen Fozia
Published: December 2024

Rainfall is critical in fruit production because it provides plants with essential water. Fruit trees suffer stress when there is not enough rainfall, making it difficult to yield fruits of the best quality. Rainfall also significantly impacts soil moisture regulation, essential for fruit trees' healthy growth and development. The impact of rainfall on fruit production during the last ten years is examined in this study. The four districts of Sindh Larkana, Mirpur Khas, Khairpur, and Thatta were selected based on agricultural data and rainfall figures. The Climate Data Processing Center in Karachi of the Pakistan Meteorological Department provided the annual rainfall data in millimeters. At the same time, data on the tons of fruit produced annually between 2007 and 2016 were acquired from Pakistan's Agriculture Extension Department. The study analyzes how seasonal rainfall affects fruit production in the area using machine learning multiple regression techniques. The study's conclusions highlight the substantial effects of seasonal and annual rainfall fluctuations on fruit production in the study areas. Rainfall after monsoon has a negative impact on the production of mangoes in Larkana and guavas in the Sindh regions of Mirpur Khas and Thatta. Rainfall during the winter also has a negative effect on Khairpur's mango crop. Pre-monsoon rainfall in the Thatta region causes guava production to decline, while monsoon rainfall in the Larkana region has a negative impact on mango production. The study finds that implementing sustainable water management practices and investigating climate-resilient agricultural techniques are necessary to mitigate the adverse effects of weather conditions on fruit production. In the designated areas, these actions could increase fruit yields.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RESPONSIBILITY MANAGEMENT AND ESD IN EUROPEAN AND PAKISTANI EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Khan M. Mubashir Qadir , Mubashir Shariq
Published: December 2024

Globally, the rate at which businesses are developing, and technology is advancing has increased in environmentally demanding situations. Concurrently, there are several threats to global well-being, such as the population boom, the scarcity of useful resources, and low confidence in eating meals. Organizations such as UNESCO have pushed for the inclusion of sustainable education and responsibility manipulation in college curricula, particularly in industrial enterprise courses, in response to pressing issues. This utility dreams of providing future leaders with the facts and abilities vital to fight environmental degradation and reduce the bad results of the populace increase on public fitness and safety. Notably, Nottingham Business School in the United Kingdom has emerged as a pioneer in selling such training, serving as a model for wonderful European universities seeking to prioritize the sustainability of their educational applications. Nonetheless, there can be a vital assessment that business enterprise faculties in Pakistan have not begun to give responsibility control and sustainable education the right weight. This disparity is obvious in the findings of an entire study of the paintings completed across numerous esteemed establishments in Karachi. Analysis of facts amassed from 380 famous university students suggests an apparent lack of emphasis on the essential subjects within the MBA curriculum. The importance of incorporating duty manipulation thoughts into academic services is regularly disregarded by the manner of Pakistani enterprise faculties, despite UNESCO's advocacy and the successful implementation of sustainable training duties in Europe. Pakistani employer colleges should assess their curricula and deliver responsibility, as well as manipulate and sustain education as a pinnacle priority in light of those findings. Improvements to devoted publications, university training apps, enterprise partnerships, and pupil engagement tasks are the maximum of the improvement hints. Adhering to the tips can help educational establishments become crucial to the improvement of socially aware leaders who are able to cope with the difficult, multifaceted problems added on with the aid of population growth and environmental degradation.
ASSESSMENT OF VARIOUS DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY: AN ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT FACETS OF SUSTAINABILITY FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ali Muhammad Aqib , Khalid Usman
Published: December 2024

The paper assesses the major dimensions of sustainability by discussing the various facets of sustainability from an Islamic perspective to present a fresh approach regarding the concept and understanding of sustainability as a field of study. The four dimensions of sustainability, including human, social, economic, and environmental sustainability, are discussed in both Islamic and contemporary perspectives. The paper entails a qualitative research approach by taking into consideration the already available literature regarding sustainability and its various dimensions by examining these facets of sustainability in the light of Islamic sources of the Quran and Sunnah (actions and sayings) of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessing be upon him). The references are drawn from contemporary literature as well as from primary Islamic sources to clarify the sustainability aspects and present a religious perspective on sustainability processes and practices. The religious viewpoint on sustainability is based on the premise that Islam, being a complete code/framework to lead human life, encompasses all matters humans face or may face in their lives till the end of this world, and therefore, Islam also indirectly guides towards different aspects of sustainability to urge and motivate all human being in general and its followers in particular, to lead lives in such a way that warrants a sustainable world for everyone. The Islamic theory, as contained in its two primary sources of the Quran and Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), offers direction to ensure a sustainable life and a successful after-life provided the teachings and guidelines of Islam are followed in letter and spirit. There has been very limited research on the facets of sustainability from an Islamic standpoint, and this paper endeavors to address this research gap by elucidating the various dimensions of sustainability in the context of Islamic theory.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK YAKLAŞIMIYLA EŞİTSİZLİĞE KARŞI PEYZAJ TASARIM STRATEJİLERİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: Arslan Özlem , Mumcu Sema
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Trabzon kent merkezinde kentsel dönüşüme giren eski terminal binası ve yakın çevresini ele alır. Sürdürülebilirlik kavramına dayalı bir yaklaşımla kentsel eşitsizlikleri gidermeyi amaçlayan bir dönüşüm modelini ve buna bağlı peyzaj tasarım stratejilerinin neler olabileceğini örneklendirir. Önerilen peyzaj tasarımının genel yaklaşımı; (1) Alandaki yeşil yüzeylerin ve elemanların miktarının en üst seviyeye çıkarılmasını, (2) Alanın yerel özellikleri ve belirlenen ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda peyzaj bileşenlerinin en üst düzeyde çeşitliliğinin (doğal ışık, rüzgâr, temiz hava, su yüzeyleri, topoğrafya, estetik sesler, renkler, biçimler/dokular, diğer donatılar) ve işlevsel etkinliğinin sağlanması, (3) Oluşturulması hedeflenen sosyal bağlam doğrultusunda alanda kent sakinlerinin her kesimini kapsayan, kullanıcılarda ve kullanımlarda çeşitliliği en üst seviyeye çıkaran, canlılık ve çekicilik ile sonuçlanan bir sosyal ekosistemin oluşturulması, alandaki kentsel hayat aracılığıyla sosyal uyum ve toplumsal aidiyetin oluşturulması, (4) Alanın sağladığı yüksek kalite ile kullanıcılar ve çevrede yaşayanların yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesi, (5) Alanın içereceği hareketlilik ve yüksek imaj ile iş gücünün ve ekonomik hareketliliğin alana çekilmesi stratejilerini ortaya koymuştur. Bu stratejiler doğrultusunda yapıya ve yakın çevresinin peyzaj tasarımına dair tasarım hedefleri ve tasarım ürünü ortaya koyulmuş, görselleştirmeler ile örneklendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak sürdürülebilirlik kavramı eski otogar binası ve yakın çevresi peyzaj tasarımı için kentsel eşitliği; ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik bileşenleri ile tanımlamak için bir çerçeve oluşturmuş, alanın yakın çevresinden başlayarak kent ölçeğine kadar açılan tasarım stratejilerini tanımlamayı mümkün kılmıştır.
NÖROBILIM VE NÖROTEKNOLOJININ YENI SORUNSALI: BEYIN HAKKI VE BEYIN GÜVENLIĞI
Authors: Ergün Ragıp
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma insanın “insan” olma vasıflarını ihtiva eden beynin, nöro-bilim ve teknolojiler aracılığıyla güvenliğinin tehdit edilmesi ve özgür iradenin kontrol merkezi olarak kullanım hakkı bağlamında bir hak olması ve öyle kalması meselesini ele almaktadır. Özellikle 21. yüzyılda nörobilim ve nöroteknoloji alanlarında yaşanan dramatik gelişmeler nedeniyle, çalışmaların mahiyetinin tıp/fen bilimleri alanlarının dışına taşmasına neden olmuştur. Ayrıca ilgili gelişmeler ile şifa ve tedavinin konusu olması gereken çalışmalar bireysel ve sosyal problemlerin çıkma ihtimalini içinde barındırmaya başlamıştır. Özellikle BCI’lar (Brain Computer Interface - Beyin-Bilgisayar Arayüzleri), nörolink ve metaverse gibi çalışmalar ile insan beynine doğrudan ya da dolaylı müdahaleyi mümkün kılması hukuki bir sorunsalı da gündeme getirmiştir. Çünkü insanın irade merkezi ve insanî sıfatlarının bulunduğu yönetim alanının dışarıdan manipüle edilme riski insanın doğal hakkı olarak beynin ve onun güvenliğinin tartışmaya açılmasına neden olmuştur. Ayrıca hem ulusal hem de uluslararası hukukta ilgili konuda ciddi boşluklar söz konusudur. Bu bağlamda gelinen noktanın tespiti ve hukuki sınırlarının ne olabileceği meselesi ileride yaşanabilecek daha büyük sorunların engellenmesi bağlamında oldukça önem taşımaktadır.
Çocuklarla Felsefe Çalışmaları Gülsüm MEHDIYEV- Kevser TOZDUMAN YARALI Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, (2. Basım) 2021, 182 sayfa.
Authors: Taşdemir Kuluç Mine
Published: December 2024

“Çocuklarla Felsefe” kitabı, çocuklara düşünme becerileri kazandırmayı hedefleyen bir pedagojik süreç sunmakta ve felsefeyi çocuklarla yapma fikrini esas almaktadır. Kitap, önsöz ve içindekiler kısmının ardından “Çocuklarla Felsefe Nedir?” başlıklı bir girişle başlamaktadır. Bu bölümde felsefenin öğretimden ziyade bir düşünsel etkinlik olarak ele alındığı, ayrıca çocukların bilgi, doğa, adalet gibi temel kavramlar üzerine düşünmeye teşvik edildiği belirtilmektedir. Mathew Lipman’ın pedagojik yaklaşımını esas alan kitap, çocuklarda doğru akıl yürütme, soru sorma ve eleştirel düşünme alışkanlığı kazandırmayı amaçlamakta olup, bu yetkinliklerin 21. yüzyıl becerileri arasında önem taşıdığı vurgusunu yapmaktadır.
Kitabın yapısı, felsefi kavramlara dair açıklayıcı metinler, düşündürücü sorular ve etkinliklerden oluşmaktadır. Her bölüm, tanınmış düşünürlerden bir alıntı ile başlamakta ve ardından o konuyla ilişkili felsefi sorular ile açıklamalar sunulmaktadır. Kitapta yer alan başlıklar “Bilginin Kaynağı”ndan başlayarak ahlak, adalet, farklılıklara saygı ve özgürlük gibi çeşitli felsefi kavramları işlemektedir. Çeşitli kaynaklardan alınan uyarıcı metinler ve düşünme etkinlikleriyle çocukların eleştirel düşünme kapasitelerinin gelişimine katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Her ne kadar kitap, felsefi etkinlikler yoluyla çocukların sorgulayıcı düşünce becerilerini geliştirmeyi hedeflese de bazı soru kalıplarının derinlikten yoksun olduğu ve belirli açıklamaların birbiriyle ilişkili olmayan örneklerle karmaşıklaştığı yönünde eleştiriler almıştır. Ayrıca, kitabın hedef kitlesine yönelik belirsizlik dikkat çekmektedir; çocuklara yönelik renkli görseller yer almakla birlikte, yetişkinler için rehber niteliğinde düşünülüyorsa daha derinlemesine sorular ve daha sade bir görsel tasarım önerilebilir. Bu eksikliklere rağmen, kitap değer eğitimi sürecinde rehber olabilecek nitelikte olup, çocukların ve gençlerin etik ve ahlaki gelişimlerine katkı sunma potansiyeline sahiptir.
Análisis de sistemas de tratamiento de agua basados en la naturaleza en comunidades del Chaco paraguayo, año 2024
Authors: Valdez Nolberto , Giesbrecht Karl
Published: December 2024

El acceso al agua segura persiste como un reto fundamental en el Chaco paraguayo, particularmente para comunidades rurales e indígenas. Este estudio analiza la implementación y efectividad de sistemas de tratamiento de agua basados en filtración lenta ecológica en las comunidades Cucaani, Guida Ichai y Colonia María Auxiliadora. La investigación adoptó un enfoque metodológico mixto, combinando análisis técnico de una planta piloto experimental y trabajo de campo con entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación no participante en las comunidades beneficiarias. El sistema estudiado incorpora tres etapas de filtración lenta ecológica: pre-filtración con grava, biofiltración con arena y adsorción con biocarbón, complementado con cloración final. Los resultados evidencian una mejora significativa en la calidad del agua tratada, con una eficiencia de remoción de turbidez que alcanzó el 74.47% en la etapa final del estudio. Si bien el efluente final superó el límite de turbidez recomendado por la OMS, representa una mejora sustancial respecto a la situación inicial donde las comunidades consumían agua cruda con altos niveles de turbidez. Las entrevistas en las comunidades revelaron mejoras en la calidad de vida de los usuarios. La experiencia demuestra que estos sistemas son operativamente viables y sostenibles, debido principalmente a su diseño simplificado y bajos costos de mantenimiento. El éxito del modelo ha impulsado su adopción por instituciones gubernamentales como SENASA y MOPC para implementar sistemas similares de macrocaptación con tratamiento ecológico en otras comunidades del Chaco. El estudio contribuye a la identificación de soluciones prácticas para el acceso a agua segura en comunidades rurales del Chaco paraguayo.
Eye worm infestation (Thelaziosis) in a buffalo heifer: A case report
Authors: Singh Jasmeet , Indurkar Sandeep , Bisen Savita , Kashyap Deepak Kumar
Published: December 2024

2 years old Murrah heifer was presented with a history of conjunctivitis, excessive lacrimation and frequent blinking of right eye. The case was already treated by a local Veterinarian with ocular antibiotic drops which failed to resolve the condition. Clinical examination of the affected eye revealed numerous worms showing vigorous wriggling movements in the right eye. Under local anaesthesia, the worms were removed from the eye manually using forceps and sent to the laboratory for examination and which were confirmed to be Thelazia rhodesii. Post-operative care comprising of topical antibiotics and systemic drugs led to uneventful recovery.
Clinical management of ulcerative thelitis in buffaloes (5 Cases)
Authors: Patil Vittal , Kasaralikar Vivek Ramrao , Bhoyar Gurubasappa Ravindra , Desai Dilipkumar , Kulkarni Shrikant , Patil Sarita
Published: December 2024

Ulcerative thelitis is the inflammation of the teat and ulceration of the outer skin of the teats, there will be acute inflammation at early stage of the disease subsequently there will be thickening, narrowing and closure of the teat canal, causing improper drainage of milk from the affected teat. In later stages there will be sloughing of the skin over the teats and falling of the entire teat itself leading loss of milk production. In the present study the wounds were cleaned with povidone iodine animals were treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic (enrofloxacin), Antioxidant injection (vit-E and selenium), antihistamine injection (Zeet) and spray Budocort 200 mcg were used. Three buffaloes showed the signs of improvement after 5 days of treatment.
The Architectural Legacy of the Abbasid Empire: A Study of Islamic Architecture in Iraq (8th-13th Centuries)
Authors: Rizvi Syed Farjood Ailya , Usmani Atifa , Malik Momina Arshad
Published: December 2024

This research examines the evolution of Islamic architecture in Iraq from the 8th to 13th centuries, focusing on the monumental developments during the Abbasids’ Empire. It analyses key cities' architectural and urban planning characteristics such as Baghdad, Samarra, and Raqqa. The study highlights significant architectural themes, including the innovative use of brick, vaulting techniques, and arch styles influenced by earlier Eastern Christian architecture. The study also addresses the aesthetic implications of decorative geometric ornamentation and the emergence of distinct arabesque motifs in Islamic art. Furthermore, it investigates the factors contributing to the Abbasids’ expansion, their cities' circular planning, and the Persian influences that shaped these developments. The paper concludes by reflecting on the grandeur of Baghdad and its architectural legacy, underscoring its historical importance as a centre of culture, knowledge, and urban sophistication.
Efficacy, safety and adherence of high intensity interval training and remote ischemic pre-condition among coronary artery disease patients: a study protocol
Authors: Ilias Noor Fatihah , Omar Mazlifah , Kassim Sazzli Shahlan , Ismail Hashbullah
Published: December 2024

Health professionals have introduced high intensity interval training (HIIT) and acknowledge it as an effective intervention for improving cardiovascular responses in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is ongoing debate about HIIT due to potential safety issues that could impact its efficacy and adherence to the intervention. Currently, health practitioners are also highlighting a novel intervention known as remote ischemic precondition (RIPC), which is a simple technique that requires minimal time commitment. Urgent investigation is required to address these issues regarding the most effective secondary intervention. Therefore, we aim to compare the efficacy, safety, and adherence of HIIT and RIPC for the management of CAD patients. This is a randomized control trial (RCT) for CAD patients, above 18 years of age, who completed a phase two cardiac rehabilitation program following a hospital admission for cardiac-related events or procedures related to CAD. We will randomly assign participants to one of three groups. 1. HIIT. 4 x 4 minutes at 80–95% HRR interspersed with 3 minutes active recovery. 2. RIPC. 4 x 5 minutes inflate at 220 mmHg interspersed with 5 minutes deflate. 3. Standard care. Primary outcomes are change in exercise capacity (peak VO2), hs-CRP, lipid profiles, body composition, and LV functions. Secondary outcome measures are safety and adherence, following the intervention three times a week for 12 weeks. We anticipate study findings will help physiotherapists and medical trainers in designing the most effective secondary intervention for greater benefits to CAD patients.
Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 images in Russian masterpieces of the 19th and 20th centuries (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae)
Authors: Efetov Konstantin A. , Tarmann Gerhard M.
Published: December 2024

Two realistic Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 images were found by the first author in the paintings of two Russian artists Vasily D. Polenov and Arkady A. Plastov representing Zygaena lonicerae (Scheven, 1777) and Zygaena ephialtes (Linnaeus, 1767) (red peucedanoid morph) respectively. Polenov also depicted Amata nigricornis (Alphéraky, 1883) with some characters of the red ephialtoid morph of Zygaena ephialtes.
Projetar eticamente na era da IA: o papel do designer enquanto agente humanizador de tecnologias
Authors: Pizarro Carolina V.
Published: December 2024

A Inteligência Artificial tem avançado e chegado ao cotidiano das pessoas por meio de produtos, sistemas e serviços resultantes de projetos de design. Tem-se então, na atualidade, uma tecnologia que força a aceleração no desenvolvimento dos projetos que a comportam e criar soluções éticas nestas circunstâncias posicionando o ser humanos como centro do processo é o que destaca o papel dos designers enquanto agentes humanizadores das tecnologias. Buscando estabelecer estas relações, este artigo traz reflexões a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica apoiada em autores pertinentes com foco em contribuir com as pesquisas nas áreas de design, inteligência artificial e ética.
The Ethical Limits of the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Marketing in the Brazilian Context
Authors: Panicachi Débora Dias , Cohen Eric David
Published: December 2024

This research explores the perceptions of marketing professionals regarding the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in marketing practices within the Brazilian context, focusing on key areas such as product recommendations and market segmentation. A central theme is the ethical boundaries that must guide the application of AI in marketing, particularly in balancing technological advances with consumer expectations. The findings emphasize the importance of ensuring consumer privacy during data collection and managing the risks of information sharing and overload. The paper discusses the limits that should accompany these technological advancements, considering ethical concerns, current legislation, state-of-the-art practices, and regulatory frameworks.
Challenges in Addressing the Ethical Aspects of Artificial Intelligence to Detect Fraud in Public Procurement Processes
Authors: Sampaio Igor Garcia Ballhausen , Bernardini Flávia Cristina , Viterbo José
Published: December 2024

Public Procurement Processes (PPPs) involve substantial taxpayer money, necessitating efficiency and transparency. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied to fraud detection in PPPs, enhancing these processes. This work presents a literature review on AI’s role in PPP fraud detection, focusing on ethical and technical challenges, including fairness, transparency, and privacy. We examine the global state of AI applications in PPPs, highlighting best practices and case studies. By analyzing these technologies’ challenges and opportunities, we provide insights and propose strategies for mitigating risks, contributing to the debate on responsible AI adoption in the public sector.
Construção do conhecimento por meio de deepfake: desafios éticos da inteligência artificial na educação
Authors: Castro Michele Marta Moraes , Maciel Cristiano
Published: December 2024

Este estudo investiga questões éticas associadas ao uso de deepfakes na educação, focando na "imortalidade educacional digital" mediante a recriação digital de educadores falecidos. Utilizando uma metodologia exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa revisa a literatura para identificar desafios éticos gerais: a autenticidade do conhecimento, a natureza social do aprendizado e as implicações sociais e políticas. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de um uso responsável e crítico das tecnologias de deepfake na educação. Conclui-se que o estudo evidencia a complexidade ética em deepfakes, destacando a importância de refletir sobre seu impacto nas dinâmicas educacionais e na construção de conhecimento.
O Problema da Atribuição de Responsabilidade em Agentes Artificiais
Authors: Mattos Delmo
Published: December 2024

A crescente autonomia dessas máquinas, aliada à sua capacidade de aprendizado, gera desafios éticos e legais, particularmente em situações onde ocorrem erros ou danos. A dificuldade em prever o comportamento futuro desses sistemas levanta questões sobre quem deve ser responsabilizado. Objetiva-se problematizar as condições tradicionais de “controle” e “epistêmica” para atribuição de responsabilidade e como elas se aplicam ou se complicam com sistemas autônomos.
Diretrizes para Melhorar a Imparcialidade de Classificadores
Authors: Minatel Diego , Santos Nícolas Roque dos , Lopes Alneu de Andrade
Published: December 2024

Um dos aspectos essenciais em soluções baseadas em aprendizado de máquina é garantir que suas decisões não perpetuem discriminação, seja favorecendo ou desfavorecendo qualquer grupo sociodemografico. Nesse contexto, este trabalho fornece diretrizes para mitigar tais situações indesejadas em tarefas de classificação, com o objetivo de promover um aprendizado de máquina que priorize a imparcialidade em seus resultados.
Educação midiática como alternativa a desinformação e a deepfake
Authors: Miranda Felipe da Cruz , Maciel Cristiano
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho aponta reflexões sobre os dilemas acerca da desinformação, e da utilização de inteligência artificial generativa (IA), a partir da técnica de deepfake, e de igual modo, a forma como a popularização desta técnica pode agravar as consequências da desinformação na sociedade e para a educação. Como enfrentamento a este cenário, recorremos a educação midiática e ao letramento digital, como alternativa aos problemas mencionados, retomando o papel da educação como protagonista do processo de construção de uma experiência saudável, responsável, ética e crítica com as tecnologias de inteligência artificial (IA), com as redes sociais, e nas relações entre os sujeitos praticantes da cultura digital.
Evaluating Hate Speech Detection to Unseen Target Groups
Authors: Negretti Alexandre , Raimundo Marcos M.
Published: December 2024

LLMs trained to detect hate speech have a significant challenge on identifying hate speech directed toward new or less common target groups. This happens because the models are primarily trained on data focused on more prevalent forms of hate, targeting groups that have historically been subjected to hate speech. Not only the way of defamation evolves through time, but new targets may emerge, presenting forms of hate that were previously non-existent in datasets. This work presents analyses of the influence of targeted groups on model prediction. We evaluate training strategies that address target group bias in hate speech detectors. Lastly, we present a novel dataset composed of text posts from Twitter regarding the 2022 Russia-Ukraine war.
You shall understand what you regulate: A case study of the ANPD-Meta case in Brazil
Authors: Padua Joao Pedro
Published: December 2024

Regulating artificial intelligence is a primary need of current legal systems. However, bridging legal, policy and technical expertises to achieve good regulation is hard. We illustrate this difficulty by doing a short case study of a decision by the Brazilian Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados–ANPD suspending Meta’s collection of data to train its large language models. I try to demonstrate that the lack of technical knowledge led the ANPD to issue a bad decision, that ended up backfiring. I end by discussing implications for regulatory best practices.
Abordagens à ética em Inteligência Artificial: uma análise comparativa de estratégias nacionais
Authors: Pelissari Renata , Campello Betania , Pelegrina Guilherme Dean , Suyama Ricardo , Avila Sandra , Duarte Leonardo Tomazeli
Published: December 2024

Dada a importância dos princípios da OCDE no desenvolvimento de IA e o número significativo de países e instituições que se comprometem com esses princípios, este artigo visa avaliar o grau em que as principais economias do mundo incorporam esses compromissos em suas Estratégias Nacionais de Inteligência Artificial (ENIAs). Consideramos como base amostral os 12 países do G20 que se comprometeram com os 10 princípios de IA da OCDE. Apenas 3 desses países citam os 10 princípios em suas ENIAs segundo o site da OCDE e todos os países apresentaram pelo menos 2 princípios.
Perceived Barriers to Addressing Sexual Issues Among Cardiovascular Patients
Authors: Naserbakht Morteza , Mazaheri Azadeh , Karvandi Mersedeh , Salehian Razieh
Published: December 2024

Background: Sexuality is an aspect of quality of life that is important for many patients and their partners, but may be adversely affected by a cardiac event. Therefore, it is necessary that cardiologists assess sexual issues among cardiovascular patients. However, most health professionals avoid talking about sex issues due to some barriers. The recognition of these barriers leads to new information that is helpful for future planning and intervention in Iran. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to identify the barriers to discussing sexual issues among cardiovascular patients and to discover cardiologists’ reasons for not addressing sexual issues. Methods: Using a self-made questionnaire, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the seventeenth national congress on cardiovascular update which was held in 2015, and cardiologists’ answers were gathered and analyzed. Results: The study population consisted of 138 cardiologists (87 male and 51 female) with a mean age of 45.42 years. Analysis of data showed that most of the barriers for discussing sexual issues were “Patient discomfort for discussing about sexual issues,” “Religious and cultural reasons”, “Not having enough time,” “Presence of other person” and “Lack of knowledge and skill in dealing with sexual issues.” Among the demographic characteristics, cardiologists’ gender showed a significant relationship with “Cardiologist discomfort for discussing sexual issues” (P value = 0.005). Female cardiologists had more discomfort than male cardiologists. Conclusions: From the opinion of cardiologists, patients’ uncomfortable feelings, cultural-religious issues and time restrictions were the most important when discussing sexual issues with cardiovascular patients, so these barriers need more attention in the delivery of public health interventions.
MARKA AKTİVİZM ALGISININ TÜKETİCİ KİMLİĞİ ve SATIN ALMA ile İLİŞKİSİ: KADINA ŞİDDET ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Demirci Mehnur , Şahin Esen
Published: December 2024

Günümüzde yaşanan hızlı değişim farklı alanlarda etkilerini göstermektedir. Bu etkiler tüketicilerin yaşam tarzları, alışkanlıkları, algıları, davranışları, kimlikleri ve marka stratejilerine, tüketicilerin markalar ile ilişkilerine yansımaktadır. Toplumu ilgilendiren her konuyu kendi bünyesinde barındıran marka aktivizm, tüketicilerin beklentileri doğrultusunda çalışmalara yön vermektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada; X ve Y kuşağında yer alan kadın tüketicilerin marka aktivizm reklamlarına karşı tutumunu inceleyerek konuya dair aydınlatıcı sonuçlara ulaşmak ve literatüre katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, tüketicilerden elde edilecek veriler doğrultusunda marka-tüketici kimliği arasındaki ilişkiye yeni bir perspektif sunmak hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada derinlemesine mülakat yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklem büyüklüğü, Manisa ili için 12’si X 12’si Y kuşağı olmak üzere 24 kadın, Konya ili için 12’si X 12’si Y kuşağı olmak üzere 24 kadın yani toplamda 48 katılımcı olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcılardan toplanan verilerin kodlanması ve analizi MAXQDA 2020 programı aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda, katılımcıların medeni durumuna göre marka aktivizm algısı değişmektedir. Türkiye’de daha fazla markanın marka aktivizm faaliyetlerinde kadına şiddet konusunu ele almaları gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Англоязычные заимствования в медицинской терминологии русского и ингушского языков
Authors: Мерешкова З.И. , Мерешкова Х.Р. , Сагова М.Б.
Published: December 2024

данная статья посвящена изучению процесса внедрения англоязычных медицинских терминов в русский и ингушский языки. Важной составляющей словарного состава любого языка является его терминологическая система, так как термины в лексической системе служат более точными обозначениями, которые характеризуют предметы или явления, относящиеся к определенной сфере. Англоязычные заимствования присутствуют во всех сферах русского и ингушского языков, и медицина не является исключением. В качестве методов исследования в данной статье используются сравнительно-исторический, сопоставительный и описательный методы. Целью настоящего исследования является анализ англоязычных заимствований проникающих в медицинскую терминологию русского и ингушского языков, а так же установление причин данного языкового явления. Практически все иноязычные термины проникают в ингушский словарный состав только посредством русского языка. Именно утвердившись в русской лексической системе, они переходят в ингушский язык. Изучая медицинскую терминологию в русском и ингушском языках, мы пришли к выводу, что англицизмы являются основным источником пополнения медицинской терминологической системы русского и ингушского языков на современном этапе.

this article is devoted to the study of the process of borrowing of terms from English into the Russian and Ingush languages. An important component of the vocabulary of any language is its terminological system, since terms serve as more precise designations that characterizes objects or phenomena of a special area. Loanwords from English present in all the spheres of the Russian and Ingush languages, and medicine is no exception. Comparative historical, comparative and descriptive methods are used as research methods in this article. The purpose of this study is to analyze English loanwords penetrating into the medical terminology of the Russian and Ingush languages, as well as to find out the causes of this linguistic phenomenon. Almost all foreign terms penetrate into the Ingush vocabulary only through the Russian language. Only after taking root in Russian vocabulary they appear in the Ingush language. In the result of the study of Russian and Ingush medical terminology, we have come to the conclusion that borrowings from the English language are the main source of updating and extending of the medical terminological system of Russian and Ingush languages in present period.
Distinguishing Algorith for Gold Deposit Types
Authors: Mahmoud Abdelhalim , Abdelsamad Mansour , Taha Ahmed , Mansour Ahmed , Nassif Mariam , Abdelfatah Sara , Saleeb Mera , Khaled Rabee
Published: December 2024

The determination of gold deposit type holds a great economic significance since each gold deposit type displays its own grade and tonnage and consequently requires different exploration and exploitation strategies. The considerable diversity of gold deposits, combined with the distinctive features inherent to each type and the notable overlap among many deposits, renders the accurate classification of these deposits a complex endeavor. To differentiate between these deposit types, we collected geological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics, as well as ore-forming parameters, for 12 gold deposit types. A detailed classification scheme is utilized, covering four specific categories of gold deposits, namely orogenic, including greenstone-hosted, banded iron formation-hosted, and turbidite-hosted; reduced intrusion-related deposits; and oxidized intrusion-related gold deposits, which encompass Au-Cu-porphyry, Au-skarn, and high-sulfidation epithermal deposits, with a fourth class incorporating other deposit types, such as low-sulfidation epithermal, Carlin-type, and Au-volcanic massive sulfide deposits. The tabulated distinctive characteristics were used to construct a series of decision trees for gold deposit type identification. The distinguishing algorithm is formulated in the form of a Java computer application. Three decision trees are implemented for the purpose of ascertaining the type of gold deposit. If two decision trees yield a consensus on a particular type, the ore type identification is made accordingly. To validate the outcome, the user is prompted to respond to a series of questions pertaining to the identified type, with the accuracy rate of the responses must exceed 90%. Failure to meet this criterion will result in the decision tree being revisited, and the accurate data will need to be re-entered.