bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inverse problem of breaking line identification by shape optimization
Authors: Ghilli Daria , Kunisch Karl , Kovtunenko Victor A.
Published: December 2019

An inverse breaking line identification problem formulated as an optimal control problem with a suitable PDE constraint is studied.
The constraint is a boundary value problem describing the anti-plane equilibrium of an elastic body with a stress-free breaking line under the action of a traction force at the boundary.
The behavior of the displacement is observed on a subset of the boundary, and the optimal breaking line is identified by minimizing the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-distance between the displacement and the observation.
Then the optimal control problem is solved by shape optimization techniques via a Lagrangian approach.
Several numerical experiments are carried out to show its performance in diverse situations.
Paper Conservation at the Wien Museum from 1978 to 1987 with Particular Emphasis on Bleaching Practices
Authors: Eder Elina , Eyb-Green Sigrid , Baatz Wolfgang
Published: December 2019

In this study we will outline the history of paper conservation at the Wien Museum, emphasizing particularly on bleaching methods which were carried out during the period of 1978–1987. Our research is primarily based on conservation protocols kept at the museum during the period studied. Furthermore, theme-centred expert interviews were conducted with conservators who had worked for the collection. A literature review of common bleaching methods in paper conservation helped putting our observations into the larger context of scientific discourse at the time. During the period under study the main bleaching agents were hydrogen peroxide combined with diethyl ether and chloramine T. There were uncertainties regarding pre- and post-treatment options such as washing, deacidification and “anti-chlorine baths”. In general, treatment protocols and interviews reflect the state of published research of that time.
How aqua regia overcomes the chemical inertness of cinnabar: a thermodynamic analysis in light of long-term knowledge about a reaction that has been of interest for centuries
Authors: Mousavi Aliyar
Published: December 2019

With the rise of the Swiss-born alchemist Paracelsus in the 16th century, the dissolution of cinnabar (red HgS) in aqua regia has repeatedly appeared in the chemical literature. This article reviews the relevant history and takes a thermodynamic approach to shed new light on the dissolution. The conclusions reveal that the reaction in which the sulfide ion is oxidized by nitric acid is the most thermodynamically favorable step in the dissolution. The importance of the role of hydrochloric acid in the dissolution, when it provides complexation, was also observed. Further, it was found that the overall effect of nitric acid is much greater than that of the aqua regia by-product elemental chlorine.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Danish version of the Big Five Inventory – a dual-panel approach
Authors: Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli , Christensen Steffan Wittrup McPhee , Pape Morten Haugaard , Hirata Rogerio Pessoto , Rafn Trine , Skou Søren T.
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

Assessing personality in research can be of importance, especially due to the potential relationship between different personality traits and the manifestation of symptoms in different clinical conditions. Therefore, it is important to have valid and reliable tools that allow for the assessment of personality traits. In this study, the aim was to translate and culturally adapt the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to the Danish language.

Methods

A dual panel approach, consisting of a 4-person bilingual panel and an 8-person panel with laymen, was used to translate and culturally adapt the questionnaire. A third 9-person panel consisting of people with different medical diagnosis was used to assess the face validity. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC)) were tested amongst 96 subjects.

Results

The translated version demonstrated adequate internal consistency (0.66–0.84) and good-excellent test-retest reliability (0.86–0.95). The smallest detectable change is between 1.13–1.70 for the five subscales. Both the healthy and patient panels of laymen considered the questionnaire too long.

Conclusion

This translated version of the Big Five Inventory demonstrated high to very high test-retest reliability and, for most parts, an acceptable internal consistency. The construct validity was however different from versions translated into languages geographically and culturally similar to Danish.

Implications

Assessing the Big Five personality traits in Danish populations can be valuable for many reasons, e.g. when assessing people in pain in both clinical and experimental settings. Improved knowledge of the underlying driver of pain conditions is important. Here, understanding how personality may interact with pain can help researchers and clinicians.
Differential scanning calorimetry on micro hotplates for temperature calibration and mass quantification
Authors: Schultealbert Caroline , Diener Robin , Amann Johannes , Baur Tobias , Schütze Andreas , Sauerwald Tilman
Published: December 2019

In this work a novel calibration method for micro hotplates is developed and tested. The method is based on phase change processes of applied testing materials, which can be identified due to their phase change enthalpy in the power needed for the hotplate to linearly heat up. For traceability and reproducibility tests a ceramic heating element (Umweltsensortechnik GmbH, Geschwenda, Germany) including a Pt100 sensing element was used. Using the melting process of Hexatriacontane and different temperature ramps the feasibility of the method was tested, and the onset point of the phase change was identified as the best feature for temperature calibration. On this substrate we achieved an absolute deviation of 5 °C to literature values and a relative uncertainty of 0.3 °C. Pyrazine, which can be removed more easily, showed an absolute deviation of 2.5 °C to literature values and a relative uncertainty of again 0.3 °C for temperature calibration. The sublimation process of Hexamethylenetetramine was also tested but did not yield stable results. The two materials successfully tested on the ceramic heater were then transferred to MEMS membrane heaters (AS-MLV-P2 and AS-MLV, both metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors, ams AG, Premstätten, Austria) showing the applicability of the method for MEMS device calibration and yielding relative uncertainties for the calibrated heater resistance of 0.17 Ω (corresponding to 0.39 °C). For Hexatriacontane on the ceramic hotplate we also show the possibility of mass quantification through evaluating the phase change enthalpy.
Development of Combustor for a Hybrid Turbofan Engine
Authors: Levy Yeshayahou , Erenburg Vladimir , Sherbaum Valery , Gaissinski Igor
Published: December 2019

A promising method of reducing NOx emissions in combustion systems is the Flameless oxidation (FO), which is based on significant dilution of the oxygen concentration in the reactant stream and elevating its temperature to above auto ignition level. The present work is aimed at developing an FO based combustor for a sequential combustion turbofan engine, where the primary combustor is fuelled with H2 and the secondary combustor with hydrocarbon (jet or bio-jet) fuel. The work was performed within the framework of the European project AHEAD (www.ahead-euproject.eu). Being situated between the high pressure and the low pressure turbines, the inlet conditions to the FO combustor are non-conventional. CHEMKIN simulations revealed the theoretical feasibility of a combustion system to operate in the FO mode of combustion under the specific Take-off and Cruise operating conditions. Several design iterations were conducted to find an appropriate geometrical configuration that would allow for such a system to operate in a stable manner. The design iterations were followed by CFD simulations (FLUENT) and a final design was an achieved where the predictions indicated nearly uniform internal temperature distribution with low mass fraction of CO and NOx at the exhaust.
Health System Resilience: What Are We Talking About? A Scoping Review Mapping Characteristics and Keywords
Authors: Fridell My , Edwin Sanna , von Schreeb Johan , Saulnier Dell D.
Published: December 2019

Background: Health systems are based on 6 functions that need to work together at all times to effectively deliver safe and quality health services. These functions are vulnerable to shocks and changes; if a health system is unable to withstand the pressure from a shock, it may cease to function or collapse. The concept of resilience has been introduced with the goal of strengthening health systems to avoid disruption or collapse. The concept is new within health systems research, and no common description exists to describe its meaning. The aim of this study is to summarize and characterize the existing descriptions of health system resilience to improve understanding of the concept. Methods and Analysis: A scoping review was undertaken to identify the descriptions and characteristics of health system resilience. Four databases and gray literature were searched using the keywords "health system" and "resilience" for published documents that included descriptions, frameworks or characteristics of health system resilience. Additional documents were identified from reference lists. Four expert consultations were conducted to gain a broader perspective. Descriptions were analysed by studying the frequency of key terms and were characterized by using the World Health Organization (WHO) health system framework. The scoping review identified eleven sources with descriptions and 24 sources that presented characteristics of health system resilience. Frequently used terms that were identified in the literature were shock, adapt, maintain, absorb and respond. Change and learning were also identified when combining the findings from the descriptions, characteristics and expert consultations. Leadership and governance were recognized as the most important building block for creating health system resilience. Discussion: No single description of health system resilience was used consistently. A variation was observed on how resilience is described and to what depth it was explained in the existing literature. The descriptions of health system resilience primarily focus on major shocks. Adjustments to long-term changes and the element of learning should be considered for a better understating of health system resilience.
Use of Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes by Health Technology Assessment Agencies Around the Globe
Authors: Oortwijn Wija , Jansen Maarten , Baltussen Rob
Published: December 2019

Background: Evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) were recently introduced to guide health technology assessment (HTA) agencies to improve their processes towards more legitimate decision-making. The EDP framework provides guidance that covers the HTA process, ie, contextual factors, installation of an appraisal committee, selecting health technologies and criteria, assessment, appraisal, and communication and appeal. The aims of this study were to identify the level of use of EDPs by HTA agencies, identify their needs for guidance, and to learn about best practices. Methods: A questionnaire for an online survey was developed based on the EDP framework, consisting of elements that reflect each part of the framework. The survey was sent to members of the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA). Two weeks following the invitation, a reminder was sent. The data collection took place between September-December 2018. Results: Contact persons from 27 member agencies filled out the survey (response rate: 54%), of which 25 completed all questions. We found that contextual factors to support HTA development and the critical elements regarding conducting and reporting on HTA are overall in place. Respondents indicated that guidance was needed for specific elements related to selecting technologies and criteria, appraisal, and communication and appeal. With regard to best practices, the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, UK) were most often mentioned. Conclusion: This is the first survey among HTA agencies regarding the use of EDPs and provides useful information for further developing a practical guide for HTA agencies around the globe. The results could support HTA agencies in improving their processes towards more legitimate decision-making, as they could serve as a baseline measurement for future monitoring and evaluation.
The Evolution of Long-term Care Programs Comment on "Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan"
Authors: Nadash Pamela
Published: December 2019

The need for long-term care (LTC) represents a "new social risk," one that overlaps with and complements systems of care that pre-date such programs, complicating LTC program design. This commentary expands on Ikegami’s discussion of how these structural factors must be accommodated, as well as historical and cultural factors that influence public expectations of such a program. The commentary specifically focuses on the role of cash payments, caregiver benefits, and the sometimes indistinct line between LTC and health systems. The experiences of countries operating LTC program in a wide range of contexts can illuminate common challenges, as well as some potential solutions to these vexing design and operational issues.
Financing Long-term Care: Some Ideas From Switzerland Comment on "Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan"
Authors: Eling Martin
Published: December 2019

Ikegami reviews the implementation of mandatory long-term care insurance systems in Germany and Japan, which are organized as pay-as-you-go systems. I propose to go one step further and implement a multi-pillar, mandatory and voluntary long-term care financing system, which combines pay-as-you-go with capital-funded elements. The proposal is based on the observation that Switzerland has implemented a three-pillar system for financing retirement provisions that can be adapted to finance long-term care in a fair and sustainable way.
The Effect of Er:YAG Laser Irradiation Combined With Fluoride Application on the Resistance of Primary and Permanent Dental Enamel to Erosion
Authors: Molla Asadollah Fatemeh , Mojahedi Seyed Masoud , Nojedehian Hanie , Asnaashari Mohammad , Asnaashari Negin
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Erosion is an important cause of tooth mineral loss. The combined use of lasers and fluoride has been introduced as a novel modality for the prevention of enamel demineralization. This study aimed to assess the effect of Er:YAG laser combined with fluoride application on primary and permanent enamel resistance to erosion. Methods: Eighty enamel specimens of permanent (n=40) and primary (n=40) molars were prepared and randomly assigned to 4 groups: C—control (no pretreatment), F—acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel, FL—APF gel application followed by Er:YAG laser irradiation, and LF—Er:YAG laser irradiation followed by the application of APF gel . The specimens were then submitted to pH cycling using Coca-Cola (pH=2.4). Enamel micro-hardness was measured using the Vickers microhardness tester before pretreatment and after the erosive process. The collected data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, two-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The micro-hardness of both permanent and primary enamel specimens significantly decreased after the erosive process (P<0.05). In the permanent enamel specimens, the greatest reduction in micro-hardness was noted in groups C and F, while the least reduction was noted in group FL. However, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the primary enamel specimens, the greatest reduction in micro-hardness was noted in groups C and LF, while the least reduction was noted in group F. These differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, Er:YAG laser irradiation combined with fluoride application could not prevent erosion in permanent and primary enamel during the erosive process.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Different Surface Treatments of a Hybrid Ceramic on the Microtensile Bond Strength to a Luting Resin Cement
Authors: Motevasselian Fariba , Amiri Zahra , Chiniforush Nasim , Mirzaei Mansoreh , Thompson Van
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments of a hybrid ceramic, Vita Enamic, on the micro-tensile bond strength (µ-TBS) to resin cement. Methods: Ten blocks (3×10×8 mm) were retrieved from the original blocks and divided into 5 groups according to the different surface treatments performed: Groups 1: 35% acid phosphoric for 60 seconds (PA); group 2: Sandblasting with 50 µm Al2 O3 particles for 10 seconds (SB); groups 3: 9.5% hydrofluoric acid for 60 seconds (HF), group 4: The Er:YAG laser (2 W, 10 Hz) (ER1), group 5: The Er:YAG laser (3 W, 10 Hz) (ER2). All treated surfaces were salinized and the blocks with similar surface treatments were bonded together using a dual-cured resin cement and light-cured. After 24-hour storage in water, the blocks were cut into beams (1 mm2 ). Half of the specimens in each group (n=16) were tested immediately and the rest were subjected to thermocycling between 5°C and 55°C for 6000 cycles before the µ-TBS test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests and the significance level was set at 0.05. The failure mode was evaluated by using a stereomicroscope. Results: The µ-TBS was clearly influenced by surface treatment methods (P<0.001) and thermocycling significantly decreased the bond strength values in all groups (P=0.007). The highest value (66.07 MPa ± 11.3) was obtained for the HF groups with no thermocycling and the lowest values were observed in the laser groups with no significant difference among different irradiation parameters. Adhesive failure was mainly observed in the PA and SB groups while mixed failure was predominantly shown in the laser and HF groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that surface treatment of VE with HF and salinization could improve the bond strength to a dual-cured resin cement, and Er:YAG laser irradiation with the evaluated parameters did not promote the adhesion of the resin cement to VE.
Evaluation of a Modified Heat Dissipation Sensor for Measuring Water Content in Geotechnical Centrifuge Modeling
Authors: Awad Muwafaq , Sasanakul Inthuorn
Published: December 2019

A commercial heat dissipation sensor was modified and tested for use in centrifuge modeling applications. This sensor can be used to directly measure water content that is used to estimate matric suction in soil. Advantages of the modified sensor include significant reduction in size and capability of measuring water content in a short period of time. The measured water content can be used to evaluate the corresponding soil matric suction. A series of experimental tests were conducted to establish the testing protocol to achieve the optimal RT for the modified sensor. A relationship between soil water content and temperature change measured from the heat dissipation sensor was generated for different soil types. The corresponding matric suction at a given water content was evaluated with soil water characteristic curves. Results were validated with results measured from a conventional tensiometer for static (no flow) and transient flow conditions. Good agreement was found, and the modified sensor provided similar results to those obtained with the tensiometer. The sensor was successfully implemented and tested in a geotechnical centrifuge under different g-levels. This study provides an alternative method for measuring water content that can be used in centrifuge modeling as well as other laboratory testing applications.
The Representation of Two-Body Shapes in the Human Visual Cortex
Authors: Abassi Etienne , Papeo Liuba
Published: December 2019

Human social nature has shaped visual perception. A signature of the relationship between vision and sociality is a particular visual sensitivity to social entities such as faces and bodies. We asked whether human vision also exhibits a special sensitivity to spatial relations that reliably correlate with social relations. In general, interacting people are more often situated face-to-face than back-to-back. Using functional MRI and behavioral measures in female and male human participants, we show that visual sensitivity to social stimuli extends to images including two bodies facing toward (vs away from) each other. In particular, the inferior lateral occipital cortex, which is involved in visual-object perception, is organized such that the inferior portion encodes the number of bodies (one vs two) and the superior portion is selectively sensitive to the spatial relation between bodies (facing vs nonfacing). Moreover, functionally localized, body-selective visual cortex responded to facing bodies more strongly than identical, but nonfacing, bodies. In this area, multivariate pattern analysis revealed an accurate representation of body dyads with sharpening of the representation of single-body postures in facing dyads, which demonstrates an effect of visual context on the perceptual analysis of a body. Finally, the cost of body inversion (upside-down rotation) on body recognition, a behavioral signature of a specialized mechanism for body perception, was larger for facing versus nonfacing dyads. Thus, spatial relations between multiple bodies are encoded in regions for body perception and affect the way in which bodies are processed.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman social nature has shaped visual perception. Here, we show that human vision is not only attuned to socially relevant entities, such as bodies, but also to socially relevant spatial relations between those entities. Body-selective regions of visual cortex respond more strongly to multiple bodies that appear to be interacting (i.e., face-to-face), relative to unrelated bodies, and more accurately represent single body postures in interacting scenarios. Moreover, recognition of facing bodies is particularly susceptible to perturbation by upside-down rotation, indicative of a particular visual sensitivity to the canonical appearance of facing bodies. This encoding of relations between multiple bodies in areas for body-shape recognition suggests that the visual context in which a body is encountered deeply affects its perceptual analysis.
Determinant Factors of Studentsâ€™ Entrepreneurial Intention: a Comparative Study
Authors: Purwana Dedi
Published: December 2019

The research aims to analyze the impact of entrepreneurial education along with Shaperoâ€™s theory of entrepreneurial events on students' entrepreneurial intention. The research is also addressed to compare entrepreneurial intention of students lived in Jakarta and Garut city. The research method used is a survey and causal approach. Simple random sampling was used as the technique to select sample (413 respondents) from both cities. The sample size is adjusted to the model of analysis used in structural equation modeling (SEM). The research revealed that entrepreneurship education has a significant impact on perceived desirability, perceived feasibility and perceived propensity to act. This study also found that perceived desirability, perceived feasibility and perceived propensity to act were insignificant to influence students' entrepreneurial intention. The research findings suggest an agenda regarding a modification of entrepreneurship-oriented curriculum and creating school entrepreneurial atmosphere. Suggestions for future research are discussed.
The Impact of Think Pair Share and Two Stay Two Stray Learning Model Towards Learning Outcomes and Cooperation Ability
Authors: Hidayat Teriana Mardha , Muhson Ali
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to find out the effectiveness of Think Pair Share (TPS) and Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) methods in improving student learning outcomes and cooperation skills. The population in this research were all students of class X IPS SMA N 2 Banguntapan in the academic year 2016/2017 which consisted of 98 people, divided into four parallel classes. The sampling technique is cluster sampling to classify the students into three classes, divided in experiment class 1, experiment 2, and control class which determined randomly. The data collection methods used were documentation, test, and observation techniques. The research type is quasi experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. The analysis technique used was descriptive statistical analysis and Multivariate Analysis of Variances (MANOVA). The results showed that TPS and TSTS methods were proven to be more effective than conventional ones in improving studentsâ€™ learning outcomes. Students who were taught by TPS and TSTS methods were also proven to have better collaborative skills than students taught by conventional methods.
The Development Assessment Instruments of Higher Order Thinking Skills on Economic Subject
Authors: Kurniawan Riza Yonisa , Lestari Dian
Published: December 2019

This research aims to develop Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based assessment instruments on economic subjects especially in Basic Competencies 3.4 price and inflation index. This study adopts the development model of Borg & Gall which is limited to five stages of development, namely, data collection, product design, product testing, product analysis and final product revision. This research was conducted on 33 students of Social Eleven One class at Senior High School 1 Cerme. This assessment instrument produces 15 multiple choice test and has been tested twice. This study shows the results that in the first and second trials the overall validity value of the problem is greater than r table which is 0.344 and the reliability value is 0.786 and 0.763. This shows that the assessment instrument is valid and reliable. While the test for the quantity of items consists level difficulty of the question, differentiating question and effectivity of distractor that meet the quality criteria of HOTS-based questions. Based on the results of the trial it was found that there were 7 students who were included in the "less" category. Overall, the average student has a high level of thinking ability that requires sufficient categories. So, the efforts to support the learning process continue to be needed which is useful for improving higher order thinking skills in students.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ЖІНОЧОЇ ОСВІТИ У НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ УКРАЇНИ (ДРУГА ПОЛОВИНА ХІХ – ПОЧАТОК ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ)
Authors: Sultanova Natalia
Published: December 2019

У публікації розкрито особливості розвитку жіночої освіти в Україні крізь призму реформаційних трансформацій в освіті у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ століття. Відповідно до провідних завдань дослідження автором схарактеризовано стан шкільної освіти у цей час, передумови реформаційних змін в освіті та їх наслідки на території України. Розкрито зміст жіночої освіти в навчальних закладах країни, специфіку й напрями навчання дівчат в установах здобуття середньої освіти впродовж досліджуваного періоду.

Встановлено, що серед основних тенденцій розвитку жіночої освіти в цей час було поступове послаблення впливу церкви на діяльність навчальних закладів разом із посиленням уваги держави до гімназійної освіти; розробка нових форм і методів навчання жінок та залучення їх до професійної освіти; регламентування жіночої освіти документацією офіційного характеру (правилами, уставами, статутами, планами, положеннями, програмами та ін.) та переважанням у процесі її розвитку більш світського контексту.

Автором описано мережу, розглянуто типи навчальних закладів в України у досліджувану добу, у тому числі тих, у яких дівчата могли здобути загальну початкову та середню освіту. Засвідчено динаміку процесу відкриття жіночих гімназій та прогімназій у навчальних округах, які знаходилися на теренах України.

Особливу увагу в статті присвячено аналізу й висвітленню результатів дослідження процесу реформування системи середньої освіти. Доведено, що трансформації, які відбувалися під час реформування школи, позначалися не лише на формі, але й на змісті підготовки дівчат, а отже, й на якості загальної навчальної діяльності закладів середньої освіти.
Origin and Evolution of Two Independently Duplicated Genes Encoding UDP- Glucose: Glycoprotein Glucosyltransferases inCaenorhabditisand Vertebrates
Authors: Caraballo Diego A , Buzzi Lucila I , Modenutti Carlos P , Acosta-Montalvo Ana , Castro Olga A , Rossi María S
Published: December 2019

UDP- glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) is a protein that operates as the gatekeeper for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control mechanism of glycoprotein folding. It is known that vertebrates and Caenorhabditis genomes harbor two uggt gene copies that exhibit differences in their properties.

Bayesian phylogenetic inference based on 195 UGGT and UGGT-like protein sequences of an ample spectrum of eukaryotic species showed that uggt genes went through independent duplications in Caenorhabditis and vertebrates. In both lineages, the catalytic domain of the duplicated genes was subjected to a strong purifying selective pressure, while the recognition domain was subjected to episodic positive diversifying selection. Selective relaxation in the recognition domain was more pronounced in Caenorhabditis uggt-b than in vertebrates uggt-2. Structural bioinformatics analysis revealed that Caenorhabditis UGGT-b protein lacks essential sequences proposed to be involved in the recognition of unfolded proteins. When we assayed glucosyltrasferase activity of a chimeric protein composed by Caenorhabditis uggt-b recognition domain fused to S. pombe catalytic domain expressed in yeast, no activity was detected.

The present results support the conservation of the UGGT activity in the catalytic domain and a putative divergent function of the recognition domain for the UGGT2 protein in vertebrates, which would have gone through a specialization process. In Caenorhabditis, uggt-b evolved under different constraints compared to uggt-a which, by means of a putative neofunctionalization process, resulted in a non-redundant paralog. The non-canonical function of uggt-b in the worm lineage highlights the need to take precautions before generalizing gene functions in model organisms.
Book Reviews
Authors: Simpkin Sarah
Published: December 2019

Andersson, Ruben. No Go World: How Fear is Redrawing Our Maps and Infecting Our Politics. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019. 360p. $29.95 US. ISBN 978-0-520-29460-8.

Hayes, Derek. British Columbia: A New Historical Atlas. Madeira Park, British Columbia: Douglas & McIntyre, 2019. 368p. $44.95 CAD. ISBN 978-1-77162-211-0.
Caretaking Relations, Not American Dreaming
Authors: TallBear Kim
Published: December 2019

Rejecting the binaries of life versus not life and humans versus nature, as well as other more graduated Eurocentric hierarchies of life, I foreground an everyday Dakota understanding of existence that focuses on “being in good relation.” This analytical framework is at the center of my critique of the grand narrative of American exceptionalism. It is also translatable (not perfectly, of course) among different Indigenous traditions, and I welcome conversation with other Indigenous frameworks of relationality. Thinking in terms of being in relation, I propose an explicitly spatial narrative of caretaking relations—both human and other-than-human—as an alternative to the temporally progressive settler-colonial American Dreaming that is ever co-constituted with deadly hierarchies of life. A relational web as spatial metaphor requires us to pay attention to our relations and obligations here and now. It is a narrative that can help us resist those dreams of progress toward a never-arriving future of tolerance and good that paradoxically requires ongoing genocidal and anti-Black violence, as well as violence toward many de-animated bodies. The path toward the supposed democratic promised land of settler mythology is in everyday life a nightmare for many around the globe. American democracy not only “dies in darkness,” as the Washington Post claims. It is ever formed of hierarchical violence.
Prevalence and risk factors of Giardia spp. from free living and owned dogs in Tunja-Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Pulido-Medellín M. O. , Giraldo-Forero J. C. , Chavarro-Tulcán G. I.
Published: December 2019

Giardia spp. is a zoonotic protozoan that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans and other animal species across the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Giardia spp. in free living and owned dogs from Tunja - Colombia by Ritchie concentration method and to identify the risk factors (living condition, age, sex, stool consistency, body condition and hair condition) associated with infection. To address the objective a cross-sectional study was carried out. The study population consisted of 200 dogs. Faecal samples were collected from 100 stray dogs and 100 owned dogs using a convenient sampling method. Risk factors were analysed by logistic regression analysis. Risk was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. Descriptive epidemiology and risk factors were performed using EpiInfo software. A P value of <0.05 was statistically significant. The overall prevalence of Giardia spp. was 39%; cysts were detected by microscopy in 38 of 100 stray dogs and 40 of 100 owned dogs. It was concluded that the prevalence of Giardia spp. in Tunja city was high, with no distinction between stray and owned dogs. We also found that the analysed variables (sex, age, hair condition, body condition and stool consistency) did not constitute risk factors for infection with Giardia spp.
Prevalence of resistance to some beta-lactams among commensal canine E. coli isolates
Authors: Urumova V. S.
Published: December 2019

The sensitivity of 80 E. coli strains isolated from canine rectal swabs to antimicrobial drugs was tested in this study. The results showed 47.5% resistance to ampicillin, 18.7% to the combination amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and 6.2% to cephalothin. The percentage of E. coli isolates resistant to tetracycline was 26.2%, to ciprofloxacin 12.5%, and to gentamicin 10%. The resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime was the lowest (1.2% and 2.5% respectively). Determined MIC90 of ampicillin were 16 μg/mL, and of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephalothin 8 μg/mL. The main resistance genotype of isolates to tested beta-lactams was associated with presence of blaTEM.
Presentación
Authors: Santos João Batista Ribeiro
Published: December 2019

Presentamos el nuevo número de la revista Caminhando. En este volumen 24, número 2 (2019) tenemos un dossier cuyo tema es Ejercicios de Exégesis de Pentateuco, organizado por los maestros Matthias Grenzer (PUC-SP) y Leonardo Agostini Fernandes (PUC-RJ), líderes del Grupo de Investigación TIAT (Traducción e Interpretación del Antiguo Testamento).
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Grenzer Matthias
Published: December 2019

O Pentateuco é um patrimônio cultural da humanidade. O mundo nele narrado pertence ao segundo milênio antes de Cristo, sendo que as narrativas, os poemas e os conjuntos de leis nele contidos foram compostos no decorrer nos primeiros seis séculos do primeiro milênio antes de Cristo. De um lado, ao reunir poesia épica, lírica e jurídica, os cento e oitenta e sete capítulos constituem, em forma de cinco livros, uma obra-prima na história da literatura.
“Vou chegar mais perto e ver esta coisa estranha” (Êxodo 3,3): uma tradução bíblica e suas possibilidades hermenêuticas
Authors: Da Silva Valmor , Toledo Joilson De Souza
Published: December 2019

O artigo analisa a frase bíblica “vou chegar mais perto e ver esta coisa estranha” (Ex 3,3), de acordo com a tradução da Bíblia Edição Pastoral (1990), em seu contexto bíblico e em seus reflexos para os dias atuais. A exclamação de Moisés situa-se na narrativa de seu encontro com Deus, diante da sarça que queimava, mas não se consumia (Ex 3,1-6). No âmbito dessa perícope, examina-se o predomínio do verbo “ver”, com seis citações e com intenso significado relacional. Segue-se com diversas opções de tradução da frase de Moisés, para as possibilidades da tradução como porta de entrada no texto. Conclui-se por justificar a opção da tradução de “grande visão” por “coisa estranha”. A “coisa estranha” é possível pelo significado original da expressão, enquanto apoia, igualmente, a estranheza na leitura de toda a Bíblia, bem como na situação de jovens na pós-modernidade.
Presentation
Authors: Santos João Batista Ribeiro
Published: December 2019

We present the new issue of the journal Caminhando. In this volume 24, number 2 (2019) we have a dossier whose theme is Pentateuch Exegesis Exercises, organized by scholars Matthias Grenzer (PUC-SP) and Leonardo Agostini Fernandes (PUC-RJ), leaders of the Research Group TIAT (Old Testament Translation and Interpretation).
Urząd kapelana w aspekcie kanonicznym
Authors: Adamczyk Jerzy
Published: December 2019

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie zagadnienia urzędu kapelana w aspekcie prawa kanonicznego. W jego pierwszej części przedstawiono kwestię pojęcia kapelana. W drugiej części ukazano uprawnienia i obowiązki kapelana, natomiast część trzecia została poświęcona zagadnieniu usunięcia kapelana. Całość artykułu kończy podsumowanie i bibliografia.
Grzech przeciwko VI przykazaniu Dekalogu popełniony z małoletnimi – aktualne wyzwanie kanonicznego prawa karnego Uwagi de lege ferenda w związku ze spotkaniem na szczycie w Watykanie w dniach 21–24 lutego 2019 roku*
Authors: Skonieczny Piotr
Published: December 2019

Autor dokonuje analizy obowiązującego prawa kanonicznego w odniesieniu do przestępstw przeciwko VI przykazaniu Dekalogu z małoletnimi lub na szkodę małoletnich (art. 6 SST/2010). Wskazuje na problemy, które rodzą te przepisy. Następnie postuluje szereg zmian w kanonicznym prawie karnym w tym zakresie.
Stalinization, de-Stalinization, and re-Stalinization. 1953 behind the “Iron Curtain”
Authors: Opulski Rafał
Published: December 2019

The aim of the article is to present the changesthattook place after the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 in the Soviet Union and in somecountriesincluded in its “externalempire”. The “Iron Curtain”, which divided the worldintotwoparts, began to shiftafter the Generalissimo’sdeath and revealed differences in the approach of individualcountries to the „newcourse” announced by Stalin’ssuccessors.In somecountries, the death of the Kremlindictatorbeganchanges in the policy of the time, in others the methodscharacteristic of Stalinismwerecontinued, whichmeant the activity of anall-powerfulapparatus of repressionseeking real and imagined “enemies”, the central authority of unlimitedpower with mass terror and striving for totalcontrol of citizens and allmanifestations of social life. The textpresents the most importantelements of the policy of the Communistparties in the Soviet Union, GDR, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Bulgaria in 1953 whichwereconsistent with the process of re-Stalinization, characterized by similarity to governmentsduring the dictator’s life and de-Stalinization, thatis, the reversals of methods and toolsknown in the Stalinism period.
Enslavement of the Church in Poland in 1953
Authors: Marek Łucja
Published: December 2019

The accord entered into by and between representatives of state and Church authorities on April 14th 1950 did not protect the Catholic Church from further repression. On February 9th 1953, the State Council decreed with regard to the filling of ecclesiastical posts in the Church. Through such normative, the state authorities awarded themselves the right to interfere with the human resources aspect of religious creed. A categorical objection (Non possumus!) to this policy determined the imprisonment of the Primate Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński. The primate’s detention offered proper political conditions to engage in this and other campaigns targeting the authority, independence, and identity of the Catholic Church. The clergy’s influence on public life was restrained, and the Church was deprived of independence. It might well be assumed that were it not for events of October 1956, the Church in Poland would have been permanently subjugated to the State.
New Challenges for the Catholic Vision of the Vocation of Women and Men
Authors: Stala Józef
Published: December 2019

At the turn of the 21st century, the ethical boundaries have been demolished in a dramatic way, especially in reference to the broadly understood human sexuality. An intensively promoted materialist anthropology connected to the reductive vision of human sexuality and sexual life, has created the foundation for anew ideology. Gender theory finds itself well in the postmodernist context, where multi-dimensional determinist conditioning, relativism and temporality of all human intellectual property are highlighted. The Traditional categories as femininity, masculinity, and heterosexuality were rejected and treated as mere archaic stereotypes. According to gender ideologists, in order to prevent discrimination one has to finally start the deconstruction of a patriarchal regime and replace it with anew, egocentric and hedonistic culture. The author of this article presents new challenges for the Catholic vision of the vocation of women and men highlighting the deconstruction of the biological sex, a new anthropology and the far-going transformations in the consciousness, social, cultural and political activity on an ­international scale.
Perspectives on the Development of Sponsorship of Catholic Ministerial Organizations with Particular Reference to Health Care
Authors: Kaleta Paweł
Published: December 2019

Sponsorship in this paper is the formal relationship between an authorized Catholic organization and a recognized apostolic undertaking to promote and sustain Christ’s ministry to people in need. Sponsorship is not a static reality. Radical changes which have occurred in charitable works, largely due to the decline in religious vocations and the aging of members of institutes, led sponsoring leaders to seek for and find new approaches to sponsorship whereby their ministry could continue without compromising their identity. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to certain perspectives of the evolving understanding of sponsorship which is regularly in the process of being transformed and reshaped. It faces many challenges regarding the continuing Catholic identity of the sponsored works and the recognition of numerous new opportunities for future forms of sponsorship. This study explores certain canonical and practical perspectives for the development of the sponsorship of various forms of Catholic ministerial organizations, with particular reference to health care.
The Impact of Early Aggression on Late Development
Authors: Gostečnik Christian , Cvetek Robert , Pate Tanja , Poljak Lukek Saša , Simonič Barbara , Valenta Tanja , Repič Slavič Tanja
Published: December 2019

Children who are victims of an early violent atmosphere or early relational trauma will often, even in adulthood, tend to behave violently towards others, or become victims of violence, or freeze and later develop the tendency towards self-injury, in particular in later adolescence. In adulthood, they can be accident-prone, engage in constant violent physical abuse, threaten with or actually commit suicide. In this article we will focus on the impact of violence that children experience from the earliest age, on how it affects their development, and is transmitted to adulthood as well as to younger generations, since violence is imprinted in the deepest organic fibres of every individual.
A Study of Multidimensional Submissiveness Scale
Authors: TÜRKMEN Kübra , YILDIZ Mualla
Published: December 2019

Submissive behaviour refers to individuals’ changing their value judgments, their thoughts and their views in the direction that the authority directs to. Submissive Behavior Scale (SBS) was developed by Gilbert et al. in 1991 and was finalized in 1994 (1994: 295-306). When the scale was formed, the studies of Buss and Claik (1986) on submissive behaviours were used. The scale was adapted to Turkish by Nesrin H. Şahin and Nail Şahin in 1992. The scale, which is in the form of a questionnaire, can be administered to adolescents and adults individually or collectively. The aim of this study is to develop a new scale that can be used to assess the submissive attitude of today. In this framework, depending on the intensities (frequency of behaviours) resulting from the data to be obtained, the dimensions of the submissive attitude will be identified. It was planned to determine which elements in individuals’ submission levels played a major role through this scale. First, exploratory factor analysis was used to describe subscales and a four-dimensional scale (N1=368) was developed. Four factors explained 52.82% of the total variance. Then the scale was applied to another sample (N2=457) for confirmatory factor analysis. The   score was 266.49 (df= 98) with the  ratio having a value of 2.72.The goodness of fit indexes are CFI=0.93; GFI=0.93; NFI=0.90; RMSEA=0.061. These values indicate that the four-factor structure of the scale have a reasonably satisfactory goodness of fit. A significant and positive correlation between Multidimensional Submissiveness Scale and Submissive Behaviour Scale was observed. Finally, it was found that Multidimensional Submissiveness Scale is a reliable and valid measure and can be a helpful measure for the researcher to understand submissive behaviours.
Pedagogical Content of Spatial Thinking Geography of Prospective Teachers in AUE and YSU
Authors: Nursa’ban Muhammad , Abe Ryogo
Published: December 2019

The research aims to describe the level of understanding of pedagogical content of spatial thinking geography of students of prospective geography teachers in Aichi University of Education (AUE) and Yogyakarta State University (YSU).The results of the descriptive evaluation indicate that the majority of YSU and AUE students know and havea good understanding of pedagogical content knowledge of spatial thinking geography. The main obstacle faced by students deals with the teaching ability especially assessment and evaluation as a strategy to know learning outcomes.
The Integrated PBL-DMM: A Learning Model to Enhance Student Creativity
Authors: Hidayati Nurkhairo , Zubaidah Siti , Suarsini Endang , Praherdhiono Henry
Published: December 2019

The present study aimed to test the effectiveness of two learning models, namely Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Integrated Problem-Based Learning and Digital Mind Maps (PBL-DMM) in improving student creativity. This experiment employed a pretest-posttest control group design and involved 103 participants. An essay test was used to evaluate the participants’ creativity. The results showed that both PBL and PBL-DMM had an effect on creativity, yet among these two learning models, PBL-DMM was considered more effective to boost student creativity.