bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Infrastructure, Trade dynamics and Governance in influencing Economic Growth in India: A Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Divya Nandini Sharma, Salman, Virendra Vikram,  , Dr. Amit Kumar Tiwari, Praveen Kumar
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the heterogeneous effects of Infrastructure, FDI, Trade openness and governance indicators (Political Stability, Voice and Accountability, Control of Corruption and Regulatory Quality) on GDP growth in the Indian economy. This study adopts quantile regression methodology to figure out the influence of these variables on GDP growth across its distribution, yielding insights beyond the average effects, the findings conclude that Infrastructure is  a critical driver of growth GDP growth over the quantiles, Trade Openness and Regulatory Quality show positive influence over the higher quantiles and PSAV having negative effect over growth. The study concludes that policy measures should be tailored according to the growth phases focusing on improving state of governance and fostering sustainable and balanced economic growth in Indian Economy.
Model Perencanaan Pembelajaran Pai yang Berorientasi Pada Pengembangan Spiritualitas dan Akhlak Siswa
Authors: Hakim Abd
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) memiliki peran sentral dalam membentuk karakter siswa, khususnya dalam aspek spiritualitas dan akhlak. Perencanaan pembelajaran PAI yang efektif tidak hanya berfokus pada transfer ilmu pengetahuan, tetapi juga harus mengintegrasikan pengembangan nilai-nilai moral dan religius dalam kehidupan sehari-hari siswa. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model perencanaan pembelajaran PAI yang dapat mengoptimalkan pengembangan spiritualitas dan akhlak siswa. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi literatur dan analisis konten, model yang diusulkan berfokus pada integrasi kurikulum, metode pembelajaran, serta evaluasi berbasis karakter. Diharapkan, model ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran PAI dan kontribusinya dalam pembentukan karakter siswa di sekolah.
Strategi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab yang Inovatif Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Globalisasi
Authors: Fathoni Fathoni
Published: December 2024

Globalisasi telah membawa dampak yang signifikan terhadap dunia pendidikan, khususnya dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing. Bahasa Arab, sebagai salah satu bahasa internasional yang banyak digunakan di dunia Islam, membutuhkan pendekatan inovatif dalam pembelajarannya untuk tetap relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman. Artikel ini membahas berbagai strategi pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang inovatif, yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi tantangan globalisasi. Melalui penerapan teknologi, pendekatan komunikasi aktif, serta pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan masalah, pembelajaran bahasa Arab diharapkan dapat menjadi lebih menarik dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus untuk mengeksplorasi praktik-praktik pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang inovatif di berbagai lembaga pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi dan metode komunikasi aktif dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa Arab siswa secara signifikan, baik dalam berbicara, menulis, maupun memahami budaya Arab.
Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Melalui Pola Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Di Era Digital
Authors: Ridlo Saidur
Published: December 2024

Perubahan yang terjadi di era digital menuntut adanya adaptasi di berbagai sektor, termasuk pendidikan. Kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah menjadi salah satu faktor kunci dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di era digital. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur dengan menganalisis berbagai sumber ilmiah terkait kepemimpinan transformasional dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja guru. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah dengan pola kepemimpinan transformasional mampu menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang mendukung inovasi, memberikan inspirasi, dan memberdayakan guru untuk meningkatkan kompetensi profesional mereka. Artikel ini diakhiri dengan rekomendasi praktis untuk implementasi kepemimpinan transformasional di sekolah-sekolah Indonesia
A Hybrid Consensus Algorithm for Collaborative Protection of Multi-domain Education Data
Authors: Wu Xianglin , Meng Tianhao , Huang Haotian , Liu Lianhai , Zhang Jingwei
Published: December 2024

Sharing education data among universities can inspire many new applications and developments. At the same time, blockchain technology can ensure the security and sharing of education data. However, the consensus algorithm cannot meet the requirements of low latency and high throughput in the current education blockchain. Therefore, we propose a hybrid consensus algorithm based on a master-slave blockchain (MSB) for multi-domain education data management (EDM) to maintain data consistency. First, we design a double-layer architecture of the MSB that can efficiently and securely handle large-scale education data from universities. Second, facing low consensus efficiency for EDM, we propose the hybrid consensus algorithm that combines the reputation-based RAFT (R-RAFT) and the multi-party optimized PBFT (M-PBFT). The experiment proves that the proposed solution can obviously improve the throughput compared with the single chain. Furthermore, it also performs well on latency, consensus speed, and Byzantine fault tolerance.
A Study on the Process of Claiming Casualty Insurance based on Smart Contracts
Authors: Ho Shun-Yuan , Wu Tsung-Che , Chen Bo-Yu , Chen Tzer-Long , Ko Hsiu-Chia
Published: December 2024

The insurance claim process is quite cumbersome; it is time-consuming, with high personnel costs from manual review. It may even take several months to complete the entire process. Therefore, how implementing insurance claim settlement automation to reduce costs, improve efficiency, reduce claim processing time, and increase client satisfaction is a common issue the insurance industry must face. This study explores the application of smart contracts in the casualty insurance settlement process to achieve the effect of automatic claim settlement and double protection for special accidents. When the insurance industry conducts insurance claim reviews through the characteristics of blockchain and smart contracts, such as openness and transparency, anonymity, and automation, the review process can be curtailed, and the premium can be directly transferred to the bank account of the insured. Thus, the purpose of automating casualty insurance claims is achieved through smart contracts.
Gen Z and the Rise of Conscious Quitting: Helping Employees Find Meaningful Work Through Values-Aligned Leadership
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: December 2024

The article explores the transition into a post-pandemic world of work, where employees, especially younger generations, are prioritizing purpose and values over paychecks. A defining trend called "conscious quitting" has emerged, where workers thoughtfully leave roles that fail to nurture their well-being or align with their principles. While often associated with Gen Z, this shift towards purposeful work is seen across generations. To attract and retain top talent, the article emphasizes that organizational leaders must foster values-aligned work cultures through mission-driven management, open communication of ideals, and workplace flexibility. The article highlights industry examples of companies successfully implementing purpose-driven leadership, demonstrating how aligning mission and values can create rewarding careers and reduce "conscious quitting." The conclusion underscores that in the evolving world of work, cultivating environments where employees can find meaningful, values-aligned careers is crucial for organizations to succeed in attracting and retaining talent.
RESENHA
Authors: Dutra Rodrigo Marciel Soares
Published: December 2024

A resenha aborda o livro Caminhos da Educação: debates e desafios contemporâneos - Volume 5, uma coletânea organizada por Viviane Brás dos Santos, Ana Cecilia dos Reis e Maria Iraídes da Silva Barreto. Composto por 25 textos escritos por 49 autores, o livro explora temas centrais da educação contemporânea, como práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, inclusão social, sustentabilidade e justiça cultural. A análise detalhada evidencia as contribuições teóricas e práticas de cada capítulo, destacando a relevância do livro para educadores, gestores e pesquisadores comprometidos com a transformação educacional. A obra se consolida como uma referência indispensável para o debate e a ação no campo da educação.
Pilot Study Analysis-Influence of Customer Reviews on Online Hotel
Authors:   Research Scholar, Xavier Insti tute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore (a recognised Research Centre of University of Mysore), Koshy Farah , Bhatta N.M.K. ,   Dean, Ph.D. Programme, XIME Bangalore, nmbhatta@xime.org
Published: December 2024

This article outlines a conceptual framework for comprehending the variables affecting hotel
visitors' online booking choices. As stimuli, the following five independent variables have been
suggested: 1) perceived interaction, 2) information quality, 3) safety and privacy, 4) price and
promotion, and 5) e-WOM. Survey data was collected from 100 respondents who had experience
booking hotels online. The perceived value construct was the mediati ng variable aff ecti ng hotel
guests' intenti on to make an online reservati on. The study results show that perceived value
influences online booking intention, with a statistically significant level of 5%.
AI ASSOCIATED CHALLENGES TO PHYSICAL THERAPY PROFESSION
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad , Haq Muhammad Zia Ul , Tahzeem Zahra , Rahim Shabana , Rao Nosheen
Published: December 2024

Background: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into physical therapy is transforming traditional practices, presenting a range of ethical, professional, and technical challenges. These include concerns about patient data security, algorithmic bias, job displacement, the need for continuous education, and system reliability. While AI has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment personalization, its adoption necessitates significant adaptations in clinical workflows and professional roles, emphasizing the need for a strategic approach to address these challenges and optimize its application.
Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the ethical, professional, and technical challenges associated with implementing AI in physical therapy and to propose strategic recommendations for mitigating risks while maximizing the potential benefits.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore databases up to July 2024. The search terms included "Artificial Intelligence," "physical therapy," "challenges," "ethics," "professional development," and "technical reliability." Studies were included if they addressed ethical, professional, or technical barriers to AI integration in physical therapy. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted on study characteristics, AI applications, identified challenges, and suggested solutions. Quality appraisal was conducted using the CASP tool.
Results: A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Ethical concerns, including patient data security and algorithmic bias, were reported in 60% of studies. Professional challenges, such as job displacement and the need for continuous education, were highlighted in 50%. Technical issues, including system reliability and integration into clinical workflows, were evident in 75%. The findings also showed that 40% of studies emphasized the importance of adapting clinical training programs to include AI-focused education.
Conclusion: AI holds transformative potential for physical therapy by improving diagnostic precision and personalized care. However, its integration is hindered by significant ethical, professional, and technical challenges. Addressing these requires the establishment of robust ethical frameworks, continuous education and training for professionals, and rigorous technical validation processes to ensure AI's safe and effective application in clinical practice.
Decoding Interpersonal Communication Patterns among Climate Disaster Victims: A Case Study of 2024 Glacier Burst Floods in Kumrat Valley, Pakistan
Authors: Ayoub Muhammad , Ahmed Aqeel
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study based on interpersonal communication patterns among the climate disaster victims during and after floods induced by glacier burst during 2024 in Kumrat Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It has examined the interpersonal interactions among the directly-affected (living downstream) and indirectly-affected people (living upstream) in the region.
Methodology: The researchers adopted participant observation, a qualitative research method. The population of the study was glacier burst victims in Kumrat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The researchers adopted purposive sampling and approached the study sample in the localities of Kalkot, Doon Seri, and Thall villages in the Kumrat Valley. The researchers reached data saturation level after conducting semi-structured interviews of ten (10) individuals, who were directly affected by the glacier burst.
Findings: The study findings reflected that the directly-affected people primarily communicated to each other to ensure their safety and survival, whereas indirectly-affected individuals utilized it to rescue victims and provide them shelter, food and medicine. Post-disaster communication strategies among both type of victims included stress mitigation and emotional support, and collective conscious for recovery efforts.
Conclusion: The common patterns emphasized restoration of infrastructure, access to external markets, and fostering resilience through awareness on climate change and its mitigation. The study has also put forth its recommendations that include strengthening telecommunication infrastructure, localized early cautioning systems, communal training in emergency response, psychological wellbeing initiatives, and awareness campaigns on sustainable practices.
THE USE OF AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) INENGINEERING AND MEDICINE
Authors: B. Kasture Amol
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality or AR is a revolutionary technology and is being leveragedin the sector of engineering and medicine to efficiently support training and visualize ideasthat were previously impossible due to structural constraints and budgetary limits. Inthis paper, the enormous scope of AR integration within these territories is looked into todemonstrate its prospect of shaking up even the most established processes. This paperwill thoroughly discuss what AR is, and it will elaborate on the rationale for this literaturereview along with the need for AR in this field. Subsequently, the paper highlights theuses of AR for the purposes of engineering in such areas as design, maintenance, and remoteteamwork and emphasizes its uses in medical science, dealing with surgical planning, medicaleducation, and patient care. Employing immersive experiences, AR designs a new conceptionof learning, delivers an edge to clear thinking, and cares about care quality. The AR’s rangeof competencies - from the aspect of concocting a complex operation easier to optimizingthe design procedures, this versatility underlines its capability to be a great transformativetool.
The Role of KRAS in Macropinocytosis and its Implications of Multi-Drug Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Fenyvesi Ferenc , Ibrahim Zeinab
Published: December 2024

KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in cancer and is involved in various tumorigenic processes. Among its diverse roles, KRAS mutations have been shown to upregulate macropinocytosis, a form of endocytosis that allows cells to engulf extracellular fluid and its contained solutes, subsequently supporting the increased need for cancer cells' growth and proliferation. The nutrient uptake function of macropinocytosis was initially described within the framework of KRAS-driven pancreatic tumors. Although constitutive macropinocytosis can be induced by activating mutations of proteins that are commonly found in cancer, KRAS-induced macropinocytosis constitutes a fundamental area of research due to the high occurrence of mutated KRAS in cancer (~1/3 of all cancers).  Furthermore, KRAS-mutated macropinocytosis not only contributes to tumorigenesis but also plays a critical role in developing resistance to treatments, as it was found to be implicated in Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. This mini-review aims to synthesize current knowledge of mechanisms of KRAS-mutated macropinocytosis briefly and examines the relationship between KRAS and macropinocytosis in the light of its role in cancer progression and drug resistance, highlighting therapeutic implications, targeting potential vulnerabilities and outlining clinical advancements in pertinent therapies.
Los fondos de inversión en el sector agroalimentario español: La construcción de plataformas globales
Authors: Rosell Jordi , Viladomiu Lourdes , Soldevila Victòria
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se analizan las operaciones de los fondos de inversión en el sector agroalimentario español en los últimos años, así como las transformaciones que han impulsado. Se dedica especial atención a la participación de los fondos de capital privado (private equity) en el sector de frutas frescas y hortalizas. Tomando como marco de referencia las estrategias de este tipo de fondos de inversión y su plasmación en las empresas participadas, se da cuenta del sentido de las transformaciones que han impulsado y cómo se están constituyendo plataformas globales.
La autodeterminación de género: ¿debemos reconocer tal derecho?
Authors: Fernandez Codina Gonzalo
Published: December 2024

En España se ha reconocido la libre autodeterminación de género con la promulgación de la Ley 4/2023, de 28 de febrero. El objetivo de este texto es analizar qué razones han motivado esta normativa y cuán fundadas están. ¿Debemos reconocer la libre autodeterminación de género?  Concluimos que no, pero por motivos ajenos a los habitualmente aducidos. Para llegar a tal conclusión repasamos la evolución legal y jurisprudencial del asunto (sección 1), y analizamos los principales argumentos ofrecidos a favor (sección 2) y en contra (sección 3) de esta posibilidad.
Adaptar una vida: cuestiones semióticas en el biopic cinematográfico y televisivo
Authors: Dusi Nicola Maria , Grignaffini Giorgio
Published: December 2024

En el caso de la miniserie Francesco. Il papa della gente y de la película Chiamatemi Francesco que analizamos aquí, como continuación de la primera parte de esta investigación,  el modo intertextual y transmedial del biopic es el de los productos culturales en los que “ficción” y “no ficción” se hibridan indisolublemente, a partir del proceso de escritura, que puede analizarse genéticamente en sus expansiones en diferentes versiones del guión. La narrativa de un biopic se construye textualmente en al menos dos direcciones: siguiendo huellas, documentos y sus interpretaciones, es decir, estrategias intertextuales de referencia o citación de diferentes fuentes, parte de una enciclopedia cultural compartida (artículos, documentos, archivos); y al mismo tiempo mediante estrategias textuales de referencia interna (isotopías dominantes o secundarias, operaciones enunciativas, anáforas) que producen una fuerte coherencia narrativa y textual, así como un notable efecto de verosimilitud, que apunta a la veridicción.
Más sobre la relación entre ficción y realidad: el caso de las historias inspiradas en hechos y personajes reales
Authors: Montanari Federico
Published: December 2024

Este artículo pretende explorar a través de la literatura semiótica y de estudios de medios la relación entre algunos ejemplos de «historias verdaderas» dentro del universo mediático, en la relación entre biopics y los llamados «true crime». La intención es mostrar cómo hoy en día se corre el riesgo de caer en una especie de retorno del «referencialismo», cuando en su lugar tal vez sea posible pensar modelos complejos de la relación entre la narración de ficción y la narración que constituye el llamado mundo «factual».
Leonarda García-Jiménez, Amparo Huertas-Bailén, Teresa Vera-Balanza (Eds.) Herta Herzog y “La experiencia prestada” La fundación de los estudios de comunicación y audiencias
Authors: Carratalá Adolfo
Published: December 2024

Reseña
Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón. En busca de la escritura fílmica (edición y selección de José Luis Sánchez Noriega)
Authors: De la Fuente Manuel
Published: December 2024

Reseña.
Elogio epicúreo de la lentitud, la austeridad y la amistad en Jardín Gulbenkian de Juan Antonio González Iglesias
Authors: Álvarez Valadés Josefa
Published: December 2024

Para Epicuro y su escuela, es objetivo prioritario alcanzar una vida feliz sustentada en la ausencia de necesidades en un entorno de serenidad. Cimiento fundamental de aquella es, por otra parte, el cultivo de la amistad. Pues bien, en el individualista mundo actual este modus vivendi es reivindicado por algunas voces poéticas relevantes en España. Es el caso de Juan Antonio González Iglesias (1964), un hedonista tranquilo en cuyo poemario Jardín Gulbenkian (2019) se apropia, siguiendo la mejor tradición epicúrea, de la austeridad y la lentitud como actitudes vitales y de la imprescindible necesidad de la amistad como pilar último de la felicidad.
Why use constructional hyperboles? Exploring the communicative functions of constructional hyperboles in the sitcom Friends
Authors: Rosca Andreea
Published: December 2024

The present study emerges from the need to analyse hyperbole, a highly productive figure of speech, which has received scarce attention in comparison with metaphor and metonymy (Peña & Ruiz de Mendoza, 2017, 2022). Framed within the Lexical Constructional Model, this paper embraces the findings in Ruiz de Mendoza & Galera (2014), Peña & Ruiz de Mendoza (2017, 2022), who are concerned with understanding the cognitive processes involved in the production and interpretation of hyperbole. The aims of the current research are twofold: (i) to advance the existing knowledge on constructional hyperboles, and (ii) to explore the communicative functions of such constructions in the sitcom Friends. To examine hyperbolic functions, we followed Cano Mora’s (2011: 105-127) classification of communicative functions connected with the production of hyperbole.
Hablas infantiles y gramáticas de construcciones: un enfoque teórico-descriptivo
Authors: Lorenzo Herrera Lara , Navarro Ciurana David
Published: December 2024

La adquisición del lenguaje en los niños es un proceso complejo que evoluciona desde una gramática inicialmente centrada en el significado hacia la consolidación de habilidades meta-comunicativas y gramaticales formales. Este desarrollo requiere un enfoque que reconozca su naturaleza peculiar y que utilice unidades para identificar y analizar los patrones de cambio. La gramática de construcciones proporciona herramientas teórico-descriptivas adecuadas para examinar las gramáticas emergentes mediante la sistematización de construcciones que se articulan gracias a la actuación procesos cognitivos y lingüísticos que materializan el dinamismo observable en los repertorios verbales infantiles.
Validity and Reliability of an Adapted Leg/Back Isometric Strength Testing Device
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Dawes J. Jay , Alvarez David A.
Published: December 2024

The leg/back dynamometer (LBD) is a valid lower-body strength test. For people stronger than the typical device, a crane scale could provide an adapted leg/back dynamometer (ALBD), although validity and reliability analyses are needed. Fifty participants completed three testing sessions, consisting of three LBD and ALBD trials each. One-sample t-tests determined whether LBD and ALBD mean differences were significant compared to 0. Paired samples t-tests and effect sizes (d) compared average and maximum LBD and ALBD. Pearson’s correlations and regression derived LBD and ALBD relationships. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) assessed reliability. A three-way repeated measures ANOVA compared between-session LBD and ALBD. Test usefulness was analyzed by typical error (TE) and smallest worthwhile change (SWC). The mean differences analyses indicated a fixed bias (p≤0.04); the LBD recorded greater values than the ALBD (p0.01; d=0.43-0.89). Relationships between the LBD and ALBD across all sessions were significant (p0.001; r=0.902-0.985), with 94% explained variance. The ICCs and CVs for all sessions were acceptable (ICC≥0.97; CV≤6%). There were no significant LBD or ALBD differences between Sessions 1 or 2. However, average and maximum LBD for Session 3 was greater than Sessions 1 and 2; Session 3 average ALBD was greater than Sessions 1 and 2 (p≤0.002); and maximum ALBD was greater than Session 1 (p≤0.042). The LBD and ALBD were useful (TE=5.13-5.65kg; SWC=7.26-7.99kg). The ALBD can measure strength, although the data was lower than the LBD. The LBD and ALBD are reliable and useful; two practice sessions could enhance reliability.
Gender Representation in Management and Coaching Roles in Sports: A Case Study of the Banja Luka Region
Authors: Ljubojević Adriana , Karalić Tamara , Gerdijan Nikolina , Pantelić-Babić Kristina , Pepić Anđela
Published: December 2024

This study investigates gender representation in management and coaching roles within sports organizations in the Banja Luka region, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research aims to provide a detailed insight into the extent of women’s participation in decision-making roles and sports activities, revealing existing inequalities. A structured online questionnaire was distributed to 54 sports organizations from eight different types of sports to assess gender distribution in managerial, executive, and coaching roles. The results indicate that men overwhelmingly dominate management leadership positions, with 96.29% of managerial roles occupied by men and 62.9% of organizations having no women in management leadership. Similarly, 52.8% of the clubs do not employ any female coaches. Only 11.1% of organizations reported having policies addressing gender equality, reflecting the absence of formal mechanisms to address these disparities. The findings emphasize persistent barriers, including stereotypes and organizational culture, that hinder the inclusion of women in leadership and coaching roles. This study highlights the need for targeted interventions, including policy changes and educational efforts, to promote gender equality in sports organizations in the region.
Initial Study on Normative Data for Hand Grip Strength and Explosive Strength in Lebanese Population
Authors: Andraos Zahi , El Mdawar Marilyne
Published: December 2024

The primary aim of this study is to define the norms as initial standards for handgrip strength for the Lebanese population. The secondary aim is to make a comparative analysis of these values with other available data. The study involved 303 healthy adults (179 males and 124 females) who represented diverse educational and training backgrounds across different regions of Lebanon. Participants’ height and weight were assessed. Grip strength was measured for both dominant and non-dominant hand using a standardized handgrip strength protocol. Handgrip strength values were presented as absolute and relative (i.e., normalized to body mass) values. The analysis indicates that the summarized maximal force from both hands (Fmax_SUM) and summarized rate of force development (RFDmax_SUM) in males and females align closely with international findings, within ±1 standard deviation. Compared to international standards, Lebanese handgrip strength values differ by 2.14% for males and 3.32% for females. However, more significant disparities are observed in explosive strength, with differences of 13.44% for males and 22.81% for females. Significant between-sex difference could be observed in Fmax_SUM (45.35%) and RFDmax_SUM (48.75%), with males showing higher values than females.
Single cells tell it all
Authors: Hines Margaret , Oxman Elias , Chauhan Pooja , Zohn Irene
Published: December 2024

A new single-cell atlas of gene expression provides insights into the patterning of the neural plate of mice.
Impairment of lipid homeostasis causes lysosomal accumulation of endogenous protein aggregates through ESCRT disruption
Authors: Yong John , Villalta Jacqueline E , Vu Ngoc , Kukurugya Matthew A , Olsson Niclas , López Magdalena Preciado , Lazzari-Dean Julia R , Hake Kayley , McAllister Fiona E , Bennett Bryson D , Jan Calvin H
Published: December 2024

Protein aggregation increases during aging and is a pathological hallmark of many age-related diseases. Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) depends on a core network of factors directly influencing protein production, folding, trafficking, and degradation. Cellular proteostasis also depends on the overall composition of the proteome and numerous environmental variables. Modulating this cellular proteostasis state can influence the stability of multiple endogenous proteins, yet the factors contributing to this state remain incompletely characterized. Here, we performed genome-wide CRISPRi screens to elucidate the modulators of proteostasis state in mammalian cells, using a fluorescent dye to monitor endogenous protein aggregation. These screens identified known components of the proteostasis network and uncovered a novel link between protein and lipid homeostasis. Increasing lipid uptake and/or disrupting lipid metabolism promotes the accumulation of sphingomyelins and cholesterol esters and drives the formation of detergent-insoluble protein aggregates at the lysosome. Proteome profiling of lysosomes revealed ESCRT accumulation, suggesting disruption of ESCRT disassembly, lysosomal membrane repair, and microautophagy. Lipid dysregulation leads to lysosomal membrane permeabilization but does not otherwise impact fundamental aspects of lysosomal and proteasomal functions. Together, these results demonstrate that lipid dysregulation disrupts ESCRT function and impairs proteostasis.
Prediction of cold chain loading environment for agricultural products based on K-medoids-LSTM-XGBoost ensemble model
Authors: Luo Zhijie , Liu Wenjing , Wu Jianhao , Aiqing Huang , Guo Jianjun
Published: December 2024

Cold chain loading is a crucial aspect in the process of cold chain transportation, aiming to enhance the quality, reduce energy consumption, and minimize costs associated with cold chain logistics. To achieve these objectives, this study proposes a prediction method based on the combined model of K-medoids-long short-term memory (LSTM) networks—eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). This ensemble model accurately predicts the temperature for a specified future time period, providing an appropriate cold chain loading environment for goods. After obtaining temperature data pertaining to the cold chain loading environment, the K-medoids algorithm is initially employed to fuse the data, which is then fed into the constructed ensemble model. The model’s mean absolute error (MAE) is determined to be 2.5343. The experimental results demonstrate that the K-medoids-LSTM-XGBoost combined prediction model outperforms individual models and similar ensemble models in accurately predicting the agricultural product’s cold chain loading environment. This model offers improved monitoring and management capabilities for personnel involved in the cold chain loading process.
Joint classification and regression with deep multi task learning model using conventional based patch extraction for brain disease diagnosis
Authors: K. Padmapriya , Periyathambi Ezhumalai
Published: December 2024

Background

The best possible treatment planning and patient care depend on the precise diagnosis of brain diseases made with medical imaging information. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used in clinical score prediction and computer-aided brain disease (BD) diagnosis due to its outstanding correlation. Most modern collaborative learning methods require manually created feature representations for MR images. We present an effective iterative method and rigorously show its convergence, as the suggested goal is a non-smooth optimization problem that is challenging to tackle in general. In particular, we extract many image patches surrounding these landmarks by using data to recognize discriminative anatomical characteristics in MR images. Our experimental results, which demonstrated significant increases in key performance metrics with 500 data such as specificity of 94.18%, sensitivity of 93.19%, accuracy of 96.97%, F1-score of 94.18%, RMSE of 22.76%, and execution time of 4.875 ms demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method, Deep Multi-Task Convolutional Neural Network (DMTCNN).

Methods

In this research present a DMTCNN for combined regression and classification. The proposed DMTCNN model aims to predict both the presence of brain diseases and quantitative disease-related measures like tumor volume or disease severity. Through cooperative learning of several tasks, the model might make greater use of shared information and improve overall performance. For pre-processing system uses an edge detector, which is canny edge detector. The proposed model learns many tasks concurrently, such as categorizing different brain diseases or anomalies, by extracting features from image patches using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Using common representations across tasks, the multi-task learning (MTL) method enhances model generalization and diagnostic accuracy even in the absence of sufficient labeled data.

Results

One of our unique discoveries is that, using our datasets, we verified that our proposed algorithm, DMTCNN, could appropriately categorize dissimilar brain disorders. Particularly, the proposed DMTCNN model achieves better than state-of-the-art techniques in precisely identifying brain diseases.
Quality risk management for microbial control in membrane-based water for injection production using fuzzy-failure mode and effects analysis
Authors: Zhu Luoyin , Liang Yi
Published: December 2024

Microbial proliferation presents a significant challenge in membrane-based water for injection (WFI) production, particularly in systems with storage and ambient distribution, commonly refered to as cold WFI production. A comprehensive microbial risk assessment of membrane-based WFI systems was performed by employing Fuzzy-Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (Fuzzy-FMEA) to evaluate the potential microbial risks. Failure modes were identified and prioritized based on the Risk Priority Number (RPN), with appropriate preventive measures recommended to control failure modes that could increase the microbial load and mitigate their impact. Key hazards were identified including fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, insufficient sealing of heat exchangers, leakage in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, and ineffective vent filters unable to remove airborn microorganism. Based on Fuzzy-FMEA results, suggestions for optimization were proposed to improve microbial control in membrane-based WFI systems in the pharmaceutical industry.
Optimizing colorectal cancer segmentation with MobileViT-UNet and multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors: Barua Barun , Chyrmang Genevieve , Bora Kangkana , Saikia Manob Jyoti
Published: December 2024

Colorectal cancer represents a significant health challenge as one of the deadliest forms of malignancy. Manual examination methods are subjective, leading to inconsistent interpretations among different examiners and compromising reliability. Additionally, process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, necessitating the development of computer-aided diagnostic systems. This study investigates the segmentation of colorectal cancer regions of normal tissue, polyps, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, adenocarcinoma, and serrated Adenoma, using proposed segmentation models: VGG16-UNet, ResNet50-UNet, MobileNet-UNet, and MobileViT-UNet. This is the first study to integrate MobileViT as a UNet encoder. Each model was trained with two distinct loss functions, binary cross-entropy and dice loss, and evaluated using metrics including Dice ratio, Jaccard index, precision, and recall. The MobileViT-UNet+Dice loss emerged as the leading model in colorectal histopathology segmentation, consistently achieving high scores across all evaluation metrics. Specifically, it achieved a Dice ratio of 0.944 ± 0.030 and a Jaccard index of 0.897 ± 0.049, with precision at 0.955 ± 0.046 and Recall at 0.939 ± 0.038 across all classes. To further obtain the best performing model, we employed multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This analysis revealed that the MobileViT-UNet+Dice model achieved the highest TOPSIS scores of 1, thereby attaining the highest ranking among all models. Our comparative analysis includes benchmarking with existing works, the results highlight that our best-performing model (MobileViT-UNet+Dice) significantly outperforms existing models, showcasing its potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of colorectal cancer segmentation.
Evaluation of Different Fungicides for the Management of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. tritici Erikss. & Henn.) of Wheat
Authors: Chaudhari Keya , Jaiman Rakeshkumar , Thakkar Ronak
Published: December 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal crop. It belongs to genus Triticum of the family Poaceae. The most prevalent pathogens on wheat are the three rusts viz., black/stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. tritici Erikss. and Henn.), leaf/brown rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. Ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and yellow/stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis West), which pose serious threat on its production. The present investigations were carried out at Department of Plant Pathology, C. P. College of Agriculture, and Agronomy Instructional Farm, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat during Rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23. The minimum disease severity (21.60 & 22.34%) was recorded in propiconazole 25 EC with maximum (49.01 & 47.28%) disease reduction over control followed by tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG during 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively. The maximum 2727 kg/ha grain yield and 3135 kg/ha straw yield were obtained from the plots treated with propiconazole 25 EC which was followed by tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG (2434 kg/ha & 2776 kg/ha), respectively.
Effective Management of Pearl Millet Blast (Pyricularia grisea) through Combined Chemical and Biological Tactics
Authors: Chaudhari R. J. , Mungra K. D. , Parmar S. K. , Sorathiya J. S. , Kandoriya D. V. , Mavani S. V.
Published: December 2024

Pearl millet is a staple cereal grown in India. It encounters number of diseases which attack the crop during its growth, cause low yield and economic loss to the peasant ad finally to the nation as a whole. The blast also referred as leaf spot caused by Pyricularia grisea has emerged as a serious disease affecting both forage and grain production in pearl millet. in view of this a field experiment was conducted over three consecutive kharif seasons (2021, 2022 and 2023) at the Pearl Millet Research Station, JAU, Jamnagar, to assess to evaluate the efficacy of different fungicide and bio agents in for reducing the pearl millet blast disease as well as Identify the most effective fungicide/bio agents and application rates for minimizing blast intensity. On the basis of field and based on the pooled data,
Tebuconazole 50 + Trifloxystrobin 25 WG, 0.04% at 20 and 35 DAS found minimum blast disease intensity (22.96%), Gighest grain yield (2472 kg ha-1) and fodder yield (46.80 q ha-1) over treatment and sprays of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 10 g L-1 at 20 DAS and Tebuconazole 50 + Trifloxystrobin 25 WG, 0.04% at 35 DAS (26.75%), found statistically at par, with blast intensity (26.75%), grain yield (2377 kg ha-1) and fodder yield 44.28 q ha-1).
Academic Stress and Self-Efficacy during Final Semester Assessment at Darul Arqom Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School in Serang City, Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan Agus , Maftuhi Tata , Fadilah Arif , Fauzi Muhamad
Published: December 2024

The learning load is a form of academic stress faced by students, especially facing the final semester as an assessment system at school. The learning load in pesantren tends to be heavier than ordinary school students, so students are required to have an effective learning strategy to face the final assessment. The theory of self-efficacy was offered by Bandura (1977) to control the academic stress faced by students can achieve graduation. This study is crucial, to whether the academic stress and self-efficacy of Muhammadiyah Islamic boarding school students in the final semester assessment. The purpose of the study is to analyse the relationship between academic stress and self-efficacy facing final semester assessment. Quantitative research methods are used with a survey approach. The research location is at the Darul Arqom Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School, Serang City. The sample used a total sampling of 40 respondents, the analysis used quantitative description while the analysis technique used simple regression and correlation. The research results showed a negative relationship significance between academic stress and the self-efficacy of students, where the greater the academic stress, the lower the self-efficacy of students and vice versa so it could prove the Bandura theory of self-efficacy. The research implications of academic stress can be controlled by better self-confidence. Further research is related to factors contributing to academic stress that can inform educational policies and practices.
Evaluation of the Domestication Potential of Wild Plant (Desmodium adscenden) by Vegetative and Seeds Propagation Under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Didier Kouame Konan , Jacques-Edouard Yao Kouadio , Martial Kanga N’guessan , Jean-Martial Kassi Koffi Fernand , Sonor N’guessan Konan , Noël Koné Klinnanga , Louise Turquin
Published: December 2024

Desmodium adscendens is a plant in the Fabaceae family. This plant is very important to humans for both agricultural and medical purposes. However, its availability is becoming increasingly rare and its collection in forests is contributing to the degradation of biodiversity due to the lack of control over its domestication. The aim of this study is to contribute to the domestication of Desmodium adscendens by controlling vegetative propagation by cuttings and seed sowing. Cuttings of Desmodium adscendens aged 3 months and three types of seed were tested, namely seeds wrapped in pods, seeds without pods and scarified seeds without pods. The seedlings were sown in trays containing sterilised soil under a shade canopy with 40% light. Emergence, recovery and morphological parameters were assessed. The reproductive cycle of Desmodium adscendens was also determined. The results showed that cuttings had the highest recovery rate, at 96%. Plants grown from cuttings had the best height and branching. In terms of the reproductive cycle, seedlings from cuttings had a shorter crop cycle of 66 days, compared with 140 days for other seeds. These results suggest that the best way to propagate this species quickly is by taking cuttings.
Development of Tricolour Chocolate from Powder Extract of Drumstick Leaves and Carrots
Authors: Shambhavi  , Mishra Anu Ram Kailash
Published: December 2024

Drumstick leaves and carrots need to be part of our diet and incorporating them into chocolate together leads to a newer innovation in the field of food science and technology. The formulated tricolour chocolate may provide us the convenience to have these important nutritional components and along with the acceptable taste we can achieve its utmost health benefits as well. Hence, the research leads towards the formulation of a newer combination of tricolour chocolate aims to provide convenience and added health benefits for human consumption.
Assessment of Morphological, Physical and Physico-chemical Properties of Selected Soil Series in Cauvery Delta Zone, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: K.M.Sellamuthu  , R.Santhi  , D.Selvi  , K.Sivakumar  , R.Jegadeeswaran  , P.Malathi  , P.Balasubramaniam
Published: December 2024

An assessment of soil morphology, physical and physico-chemical properties was conducted in the Cauvery Delta zone in the selected soil series encompassing in Thanjavur and Pudukottai Districts in Tamil Nadu, India. The heterogeneity of topography and terrain features in selected area featured in three dominant soil series viz., Mangalathupatty, Pattukottai, and Kalathur series. The representative pedons were examined for their morphological, physical and physico-chemical properties. The soils were deep, with drainage varying from well-drained to moderately poor-drained. The soils were yellowish brown to black in most condition.  Overall, in surface soils clay content varied from 24.15 to 41.15 per cent where Kalathur series recorded higher clay content followed by Mangalathupatty followed by Pattukottai soil series.  Clay content increased up to subsurface layer then decreased towards parent material.  Soil pH varied from 5.34 to 8.9 among the soil series Soils are slightly acidic to moderately alkaline. Electrical conductivity varied from 0.06 to 0.74 dSm-1. Soil samples were non saline. Free calcium carbonate content varied from 0 to 3.75 per cent and it indicate the calcareousness of the soils. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the threesoil series varied from 8.0 to 46.0 C mol (p+)Kg-1. Higher CEC was found in Kalathur series followed by Mangalathupatty and Pattukottai.CEC also exhibited similar trend as that of clay.  The sequence of abundance for exchangeable cations follows the order of Ca2+> Mg2+> Na+> K+. The high base saturation in these soils ranging from 80.0 in Mangalathupatty soil series to 100.3 % in Kalathur soil series. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) varied from 0.81 per cent in Pattukottai series to 26.62 per cent in Mangalathupatty soil series.
Unveiling of Refined Isolation, Growth Conditions and Inoculation Assay for Ephelis japonica Inciting Udbatta Disease in Rice
Authors: M. Vineeth , Chethana B. S. , SanathKumar V.B. , Palanna K.B. , Mahesh H.B. , Deepak C. A.
Published: December 2024

Udbatta incited by Ephelis oryzae Syd is a minor significant seed borne, sporadic and systemic disease in rice. Isolation of this pathogen is challenging due to its weak growth and the prevalence of other rapidly proliferating fungi like Curvularia, Aspergillus etc. In this study, a streamlined spore-drop technique was standardized for rapid isolation of Ephelis japonica from infected rice panicles. This method achieved pure cultures with minimal contamination (7.50%) in the shortest time (25 days) with a growth rate of 1.7 mm/day, compared to the spore dilution method (32.50%) in 65 days with 0.83 mm/day and standard tissue isolation method (50.25%) in 70 days with 0.45 mm/day. Optimal conditions for fungal growth in axenic culture were also standardized. E. japonica recorded the fastest growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium at an incubation temperature of 27°C under dark conditions, which were more conducive to growth than light incubation. The fungus recorded a maximum radial growth of 35.60 mm in 25 days with growth rate of 1.42 mm/day on PDA supplemented with 4% dextrose as compared to 30.27 mm and 1.21 mm/day in 2% dextrose. Furthermore, an inoculation method was standardized for inducing Udbatta disease by treating rice seeds with a fungal suspension for 1–2 hours, followed by overnight drying and sowing resulted in disease incidence of 6.25 % and no disease was observed in stem inoculation and rice head inoculation. Plants grown from seeds treated with fungal suspension exhibited characteristic symptoms like black, erect, cylindrical spike-like structured panicles with grains matted with fungal mat. This refined isolation technique, with optimized culture conditions, provides a robust framework for advancing research on E. japonica and Udbatta disease in India.