bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived left ventricular global longitudinal strain in ex-thalassaemics
Authors: Paul Amal , Kulkarni Uday , Yadav Bijesh , Aboobacker Fouzia N. , Devasia Anup J. , Korula Anu , Abraham Aby , George Biju , George Paul V. , Srivastava Alok
Published: November 2023

Aims

Long term survivors of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for β-thalassemia major are designated “ex-thalassaemics”. Whether ex-thalassaemics continue to harbour residual myocardial dysfunction and thereby stand the risk of heart failure-related morbidity and mortality is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in an apparently normal ex-thalassaemic population.

Methods

We conducted a single centre cross-sectional study among 62 ex-thalassaemic patients, who had undergone HSCT for β-thalassaemia major at our centre. The primary outcome variable was LV systolic dysfunction, as assessed by 1) LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) derived by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and 2) LV ejection fraction (EF) derived by 2D Simpsons Biplane method.

Results

Among the 62 patients included in the study, 7 [11.3%] were found to have LV systolic dysfunction, all of which were subclinical. Of these, 4 [6.5%] had abnormal GLS and LVEF, 2 [3.2%] had abnormal GLS with normal LVEF, and 1 [1.6%] had abnormal LVEF with low normal mean GLS. There were no statistically significant predictors of LV dysfunction in this cohort.

Conclusion

There was a high prevalence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in the ex-thalassaemic population reiterating the need for close follow up of these patients. 2D Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived LV global longitudinal strain is an effective tool in detecting subclinical myocardial dysfunction in this cohort.
Physical and chemical properties of aloe-vera coated guava (Psidium guajava) fruit during refrigerated storage
Authors: Dutta Roy Debashis Kumar , Asaduzzaman Md. , Saha Tanny , Khatun Mst. Nazma
Published: November 2023

Guavas (Psidium guajava) are regarded as one of the most perishable commodities, primarily owing to their climacteric characteristics and heightened metabolic processes, resulting in a faster rate of softening. Edible coating is a natural ingredient that is employed as an alternative to extend the shelf life of fruits while also providing bioactive and functional compounds. Aloe vera gel is predominantly used for this purpose due to its widespread availability. Various concentrations of aloe vera-based coating formulation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were applied on fresh whole guava by dipping method. The guava was stored at a refrigerated condition (4°C) and weight loss, color, firmness, vitamin C, total phenol, and pH change were observed in this research. A significant effect of aloe vera coating was found over the storage period. Aloe vera treatment lowered the weight loss, and retarded the texture and color compared to the control sample throughout the 28 days of storage. Vitamin C and total phenol content remined high at 141.4 mg/100g and 219.6 mg GAE/100g respectively in a 100% aloe vera coated sample after 28 days of storage compared to the control. Among 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% aloe vera coated sample, 100% aloe vera was found to be the best coating material to prevent physical changes in fresh guava.
Moda Negra, past and present
Authors: Square Jonathan Michael
Published: November 2023

The institution of slavery had a profound and enduring influence on the culture of Brazil, particularly in fashion. The early trans-Atlantic slave trade was dominated by the Portuguese, beginning in the sixteenth century; the importation of enslaved Africans to Brazil continued well into the nineteenth century, contributing to Brazil’s large Black population. Enslaved individuals actively used fashion to express their African heritage and resist the hierarchy of slavery. Fashion also served as a tool for power and control, with clothing choices reflecting social status. During pre-Lenten Carnaval celebrations, social hierarchies were temporarily overturned. African cosmologies influenced dressing, with elements like jewellery and ceremonial colours conveying spiritual significance. Contemporary Afro-Brazilian designers continue to incorporate these elements, thereby highlighting the dynamic nature of Afro-Brazilian fashion.
Jacques Feyder’s Paris, 1923–35: Cartographies of gender, class and empire
Authors: Nevin Barry
Published: November 2023

Jacques Feyder ranked among France’s most critically acclaimed directors during the 1920s and 1930s. Over the course of these decades, he repeatedly illustrated tensions pertaining to class, gender and empire in Paris. Drawing on close textual analysis, historical contextualization and archival research, this article traces two developments in Feyder’s vision of the capital and its shifting economic, political and cultural climate: first, the evolution of Paris from a locus clearly signposted by recognizable locations to a studio-built milieu that is heavily reliant on generic Parisian tropes; second, the city’s transition from a site where the post-war national psyche and associated family structures can be optimistically redefined to a politically volatile environment replete with criminality and sexually disruptive women.
Analysis of Artificial Intelligence and Data Act based on ethical frameworks
Authors: Kang Sun Gyoo
Published: November 2023

Canada has recently introduced the Digital Charter Implementation Act of 2022. Both at the federal level as well as at the provincial level, different governments are trying to move forward with emerging technology by amending and implementing laws and regulations to put a safety net against various emerging risks, but at the same time, promote the growth of the innovative industry in Canada. Indeed, as one of the first countries, Canada introduced legislation regarding artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence and Data Act), and the goal of this paper is to check if the new legislation would encompass the basic artificial intelligence ethical frameworks such as privacy, accountability, transparency/explainability, fairness, and safety & security, which were recommended in three (3) different ethical declarations on artificial intelligence, among many others.

The Artificial Intelligence and Data Act contains important sections incorporating accountability, transparency/explainability, fairness, and safety & security. Considering a risk-based approach targets high-impact systems and requires risk management and monitoring against the risk of harm and biased output. It also requires persons responsible for high-impact systems to communicate all the necessary information publicly and to be audited in case of concern with its artificial intelligence systems. The new legislation imposes administrative monetary penalties and offenses similar to the proposed regulations in the EU. As for privacy, similar to the EU, it is outside of the new law's scope, but another law covers the topic independently already.

Nevertheless, the Artificial Intelligence and Data Act also has some pitfalls. It lacks clarity and specific requirements found in the law of the EU. Furthermore, the scope is an issue as it only covers private sector actors, and there is doubt about the real independence and neutrality of the commissioner.
Antibacterial activity of honey and palm kernel oil on clinical isolates of

Pseudomonas

aeruginosa and

Staphylococcus

aureus.
Authors: Adaji Jeremiah , Ashar Saaondo James
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of honey and palm kernel oil on clinical isolates of
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus

aureus. The phytochemical analysis of the honey showed that it contained cardiac glycosides, deoxy sugars, saponins, and triterpenes while the palm kernel oil contained alkaloids and triterpenes. The antibacterial activity of the test agents was determined using the agar well diffusion technique; five different concentrations (20% v/v, 40% v/v, 60% v/v, 80% v/v, and 100% v/v) of the test agents were evaluated against the bacterial isolates. The honey showed antibacterial activity against both isolates (except the 20% v/v for
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa) at all concentrations used with antibacterial activity directly proportional to honey concentration and a better antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus

aureus (zone of inhibition 22mm) compared to
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa (zone of inhibition 20mm). The palm kernel oil did not show antibacterial activity against both isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the honey were determined using the broth dilution technique to be 40% v/v and 10% v/v for
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus

aureus respectively while a minimum bactericidal concentration of 40% v/v and 20% v/v was obtained for
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus

aureus respectively. This study shows that honey can provide alternative therapy against cases of drug/ multi-drug resistance as was seen in the case of
Pseudomonas

aeruginosa and can be used against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Palm kernel oil did not show antibacterial activity therefore, should be discouraged from use in the treatment of bacterial infections.
ECOSOC, As It Could Be
Authors: Christensen Hanne
Published: November 2023

This article outlines the intentions of the UN charter with ECOSOC, one of five charter-based organs of the United Nations. It suggests how they can be fulfilled in its endeavor to develop macro-social and macro-economic strategies beneficial for the entire UN membership for the General Assembly to adopt. Hence, to discuss the world population's economic and social livelihood conditions with member-states sharing memorable constructive experiences so that every member-state can duplicate what works to improve people´s livelihood. The potential of ECOSOC in this regard may not yet be fully explored, but holds a promising outcome that does not lead to conflict; on the contrary, it leads to cooperation and peaceful co-existence. And that is essentially what the United Nations is about. ECOSOC is an essential engine for that travel.
Control of Selective mRNA Translation in Neuronal Subcellular Compartments in Health and Disease
Authors: Cagnetta Roberta , Flanagan John G. , Sonenberg Nahum
Published: November 2023

In multiple cell types, mRNAs are transported to subcellular compartments, where local translation enables rapid, spatially localized, and specific responses to external stimuli. Mounting evidence has uncovered important roles played by local translationin vivoin axon survival, axon regeneration, and neural wiring, as well as strong links between dysregulation of local translation and neurologic disorders. Omic studies have revealed that >1000 mRNAs are present and can be selectively locally translated in the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments from development to adulthoodin vivo. A large proportion of the locally translated mRNAs is specifically upregulated or downregulated in response to distinct extracellular signals. Given that the local translatome is large, selectively translated, and cue-specifically remodeled, a fundamental question concerns how selective translation is achieved locally. Here, we review the emerging regulatory mechanisms of local selective translation in neuronal subcellular compartments, their mRNA targets, and their orchestration. We discuss mechanisms of local selective translation that remain unexplored. Finally, we describe clinical implications and potential therapeutic strategies in light of the latest advances in gene therapy.
Some Aspects of the Efficiency of the Law of Ukraine 2662-VIII «On the Specification of Church Names with Governing Centers Located in an Aggressor Country» in Wartime Conditions
Authors: Terletskyi R.V.
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the issue of the efficiency of the Law of Ukraine 2662-VIII «On the Specification of Church Names with Governing Centers Located in an Aggressor Country» in wartime conditions.It emphasizes the significant role played by laws concerning freedom of religion as a subjective legal right and religious organizations as instruments and systems for satisfying religious needs following Ukraine’s declaration of independence. Furthermore, it analyzes the main laws, subsidiary acts, and decrees that ensure the right to freedom of religion in Ukraine.An analysis is conducted on the effectiveness of Law No. 2662-VIII «On Amending Article 12 of the Law of Ukraine ‘On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations’» enacted on December 20, 2018, as well as the mechanisms for implementing this law in practice through executive government bodies. The risks of interpreting this law in the context of human rights violations and the potential for creating informational grounds for propagating «suppression of faith» within the Russian media space are noted. It is emphasized that Law No. 2662-VIII solely mandates the correction of the name of a religious organization and does not alter the philosophy of said organization regarding national security and state-building.The article clarifies the concept of the efficiency of legislative innovations at the time of their adoption, indicating that such efficiency is determined dynamically through socio-historical positive changes.Furthermore, it underscores the necessity of conducting teleological analysis, analysis of social needs, representativeness, and other factors to define the comprehensive goals set by laws or acts before their implementation in the legal framework of the country.The need is identified to develop a legislative proposal for the re-registration of all religious organizations, without exception, within a specified timeframe. Additionally, there is a call to expand the authority of the executive branch in the establishment of religious associations and to strengthen the oversight conducted by law enforcement agencies over their activities.
Will and freedom as objects of criminal offenses
Authors: Riznyk O.R.
Published: November 2023

The article clarifies the meaning, scope and relationship of the concepts of «will» and «freedom», as well as analyzes the specifics of their criminal legal use. In particular, the cases of the use of these terms in the text of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code of Ukraine) were investigated, primarily to denote such an element of the composition of a criminal offense as an object. In the part related to this topic, the provisions of the draft of the new CC, which is being developed by the Working group on the development of criminal law, formed within the framework of the Commission on legal reform under the President of Ukraine, are also analyzed.It has been established that in the current criminal law of Ukraine, the concept of «will» is used in different meanings: 1) as a synonym for personal freedom, freedom of movement and free choice of place of stay and 2) as one of the functions of the human psyche, which consists primarily of self-control, control by their actions and conscious regulation of their behavior.In particular, in the first sense, the term «will» is used for:- designation of such basic types of punishment as «restriction of liberty», «deprivation of liberty», «life imprisonment» (the vast majority of cases of use of this concept in the text of the current criminal law);- indications of the object of the criminal offense (in the title of Chapter III of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine - «Criminal offenses against the will, honor and dignity of a person»);- a description of a socially dangerous act, as a sign of the objective side of a criminal offense (Articles 146, 146-1, 346, 444 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).In the second sense, the analyzed concept is used in the criminal law only in four articles (Articles 127, 168, 289, 314 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) - to indicate actions that contradict the will of the victim.A number of changes to the Criminal Code of Ukraine were proposed in order to eliminate such misunderstandings, in particular, the proposal to «rename» the relevant types of criminal punishments was supported, and the need to replace the concept of «will» with the concept of «personal freedom» in those cases when it is used to describe the object and the objective side of criminal offences.
Taxation of the lawyer’s income: trends to change the legal regulation
Authors: Borshchevsky O.A.
Published: November 2023

The issue of taxation of advocacy is undergoing a new stage of discussion and debate. Today, the taxation of a lawyer’s income depends on whether the lawyer works individually, as a self-employed person, or as an employee under an employment contract in a law office or association.Working independently, a lawyer pays tax and other mandatory payments in the total amount of about 42% (personal income tax 18%, military levy 1.5%, single social contribution 22%), while persons who are on the simplified system taxation, pay a single tax (for example 5%) and a social contribution.Laws (bill) No. 2200, No. 2200-1, which provide for the right of lawyers, as self-employed persons, to be on the simplified taxation system for the main type of their activity (activity in the field of law) introduce novelty in this matter.The issue of the lawyer’s right to choose the taxation system, in particular, the simplified taxation system, which is applied to individual entrepreneurs, remains debatable in the context of guarantees of the stability and independence of the lawyer’s activity, provided for by the interests of the state and the lawyer. The importance of transparency of tax relations and the validity of simplifying state control over tax assessment and payment are discussed.At the theoretical level, the effectiveness and efficiency of tax payment and the increase of budget revenues from advocacy activities in the case of the legislative granting of the right to a simplified taxation system to an attorney are ascertained. It is indicated that such an approach corresponds to the principle of fairness and impartiality to the lawyer’s activity in terms of its taxation.The article reveals the problem of discrimination of self-employed persons and entrepreneurs in the field of taxation. The material presents an analysis of draft laws and their rationale. Tendencies to changes in the legal regulation of tax relations of self-employed persons are outlined. A comparison of the features of advocacy and entrepreneurial activity was carried out. Attention is focused on the issue of taxation of the lawyer’s income. The regulatory and legal regulation of tax collection from advocacy activities is characterized. The judicial practice and legal positions of the Supreme Court have been elaborated and their influence on the formation of the object of taxation from advocacy activities has been outlined. Arguments were searched for the need to legislate for the lawyer the right to choose between the general and simplified taxation systems. The conclusion is made about the need to regulate the lawyer’s right to choose the taxation system, which is a constituent element of guaranteeing the lawyer’s independence.
Contact Lens Prescribing in Canada 2006
Authors: Jones Deborah A. , Woods Craig A
Published: November 2023

A questionnaire was used to identify current preferences for contact lens prescribing in Canada. Practitioners were asked to submit information on the first ten patients fit­ted with contact lenses immediately after receipt of the survey; 151 completed questionnaires were returned, detailing contact lens fits to 1,421 patients. The results indicated that of the patients fitted with contact lenses, the majority were prescribed soft lenses. The preferred modality was monthly planned replacement. Over 80% of the soft lens fits were with either silicone hydrogel or mid-water content materials, with an even split between the two material options. Of the rigid lens fits the ma­jority were for daily wear. The overnight wear of rigid lenses appears to be for the practice of orthokeratology. Practitioners are recommending multipurpose solutions for the majority of their soft lens patients (91%).
Revue générale de la sécheresse oculaire (SO) à l’intention des professionnels des soins oculovisuels au Canada
Authors: Chan Clara
Published: November 2023

La sécheresse oculaire est un trouble de la surface oculaire d’origine mul-tifactorielle très prévalent, souvent chronique, qui impose un fardeau im-portant. Le rapport de 2017 du Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II (TFOS DEWS II) est un examen approfondi de tous les aspects de la sécheresse oculaire. Bien que le TFOS DEWS II ait défini et classé la maladie de façon exhaustive et ait résumé la documentation actuelle sur la SO à l’échelle mondiale, il n’a pas mis en évidence les aspects du diagnostic et les options de traitement de la SO propres à chaque pays. Dans cet exa-men, nous donnons un aperçu de la SO dans le contexte canadien, en mettant l’accent sur l’identification, le diagnostic et les options de traitement de la SO disponibles au Canada. En outre, nous discutons des besoins et des possibili-tés liés à la SO présents au sein de la communauté ophtalmique canadienne.
Lorsqu’il n’y a aucune bonne option : l’inévitable défi des dilemmes éthiques en optométrie
Authors: Faucher Caroline , Rezk Marina , Verni Ariana
Published: November 2023

Les professionnels de la santé sont souvent confrontés à des dilemmes éthiques, qui surviennent lorsque deux principes éthiques entrent en conflit. Malgré la détresse psychologique pouvant en résulter, aucune étude ne s’est penchée sur les dilemmes éthiques en optométrie. Objectif. Cette étude visait à identifier les dilemmes éthiques vécus par les optométristes et à décrire des scénarios typiques. Méthode. Un questionnaire en ligne a été envoyé à 1393 optométristes. Chaque question concernait un aspect de la profession et visait à savoir si les répondants avaient déjà vécu un dilemme à ce sujet. Un espace illimité était fourni pour explications. Résultats. Chacun des 22 dilemmes éthiques proposés a déjà été rencontré par une proportion allant de 3,75 % à 67,9 % des 240 participants. Le plus fréquent concerne les honoraires professionnels. Plusieurs autres sont préoccupants : sécurité compromise (41,3%), avances sexuelles ou séductrices (33,9%), actes au-delà des compétences (30,2%). Conclusion. Les optométristes vivent beaucoup d’enjeux éthiques, plusieurs semblables à ceux vécus par d’autres professionnels. Ces résultats seront utiles aux instances académiques et professionnelles pour leur permettre de guider les optométristes face aux enjeux éthiques.
Réponse à la lettre à l'éditeur
Authors: Woo Stanley
Published: November 2023

Response to the Letter to Editor translated to french
Applicabilité des examens d’admission à la profession d’optométriste au Canada
Authors: Woo Stanley , Hrynchak Patricia , Hutchings Natalie
Published: November 2023

Les évaluations de haut niveau en vue de l’admission à l’exercice de la profession sont des outils essentiels utilisés par les organismes de réglementation de la profession d’optométriste pour assurer une pratique sécuritaire, efficace et éthique par leurs membres respectifs. En 2019, l’Ordre des optométristes de l’Ontario a approuvé l’acceptation de l’examen d’admission à la pratique de l’optométrie du National Board of Examiners in Optometry (NBEO®) des États-Unis, en tant qu’évaluation de rechange acceptable pour l’examen d’admission à l’exercice de la profession au Canada du Bureau des examinateurs en optométrie du Canada (BEOC). Toutefois, cette décision n’a pas reçu l’appui unanime des intervenants. Le présent document décrit l’élaboration et la structure des deux évaluations. On applique un cadre de consensus mondial afin de déterminer la pertinence des évaluations pour le Canada et on examine la possibilité d’apporter un changement semblable pour l’admission à la pratique dans le domaine des soins infirmiers dans le but de corréler les contextes. Bien qu’il soit intrinsèquement satisfaisant pour leurs administrations respectives, l’examen du NBEO® ne semble pas répondre aux critères essentiels de validité, d’équivalence et d’acceptabilité pour l’Ontario ou, de façon plus générale, le Canada. Les différences culturelles et systémiques entre les systèmes de santé du Canada et des États-Unis sont aussi considérées comme des obstacles supplémentaires. Enfin, la disponibilité d’un examen d’admission à la pratique pour les Canadiens francophones et anglophones pourrait éventuellement constituer d’importantes vulnérabilités pour la profession.
Case of Legal Blindness Secondary to Optic Nerve Head Drusen
Authors: Bennett Loren Wallace
Published: November 2023

Optic nerve head drusen are relatively infrequent abnormalities of the optic disc that are usually discovered as incidental findings during a routine eye examination. While typically considered to be benign, visual field loss due to the drusen is not uncommon. Visual field defects are more prevalent in superficial drusen than buried drusen, and can present as nerve fiber bundle defects, generalized concentric constriction, or enlargement of the blind spot. The extent of damage is variable, but it is rare that the degree of field loss leads to substantial functional impairment. This case presents a patient with significant bilateral concentric field loss secondary to optic nerve drusen that caused severe visual impairment and disability.
Case Report: Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell thinning on spectral domain optical coherence tomography following multiple strokes
Authors: Froumis Nicholas Andrew
Published: November 2023

A 62-year-old Caucasian male presented for a routine exam with a history of a significant stroke suffered 5 years prior resulting in temporary aphasia and persistent visual field loss. At presentation, best correctable acuities were 20/20+ OU through mild hyperopic astigmatic correction. Visual field testing with frequency doubling technology revealed an incongruous left superior quandrantanopia. Anterior segments demonstrated mild bilateral mixed blepharitis but were otherwise unremarkable. Dilated fundus examination with spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed moderate disc cupping and marked, symmetric inferior and temporal RNFL thinning, as well as diffuse bilateral ganglion cell thinning. This case demonstrates how OCT can be used as an objective test to detect retrograde neve fiber and ganglion cell loss secondary to post-chiasmal pathology.
Diplopia as the presenting symptom in giant cell arteritis
Authors: Nealon Cari , Canania Rachael
Published: November 2023

Acquired cranial nerve palsies commonly present to primary eye care clinics and are associated with a variety of etiologies. While microvascular ischemia is the most common association in adults over age fifty, cranial nerve palsies can be associated with other more insidious etiologies, like giant cell arteritis (GCA). There are traditional clinical guidelines for additional diagnostic testing in acute cranial nerve palsies to help identity the other non-microvascular causes, but the guidelines do not specifically address GCA. Although rare, clinicians need to be aware that diplopia can be associated with GCA and use systemic symptoms like jaw claudication and neck pain to screen all acute cranial nerve palsies in adults over age fifty. This case report highlights an uncommon presentation of GCA, emphasizes the importance of broadening a diplopia differential diagnosis list, and provides a brief GCA review.
Remmitances in Ukraine During the Full-Scale War
Authors: MAIDANIK ІRYNA
Published: November 2023

The article is dedicated to the study of the issues related to private money transfers to Ukraine from abroad and in the reverse direction after the onset of a full-scale invasion. The relevance of the research is explained by the dramatic changes in migration behavior of the Ukrainian population as a result of the full-scale attack by the aggressor country and the significant increase in population outflow beyond the country’s borders. As a result, it is necessary to identify the changes in the volumes and patterns of private transfers since these financial flows have been a source of well-being for their recipients and have significantly stimulated the development of the national economy. The aim of the article is to investigate money transfers to Ukraine from abroad and in the reverse direction after the full-scale invasion by the aggressor country. Methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, and selective observation were used. The novelty of the research lies in determining the significance of money transfers from Ukrainians during the full-scale war, identifying the resource potential of forced and voluntary migrants for conducting private transfers to Ukraine, and highlighting the theme of outbound financial flows from Ukraine. A full-scale war has led to a noticeable decrease in the overall volume of remittances to Ukraine. This has primarily occurred due to a reduction in the coverage area of data collection, as the aggressor occupied additional territories, and also due to possible changes in the remitters’ transfer behavior. Research has revealed a rapid decrease in the cost of conducting remittances to Ukraine following the onset of the full-scale invasion. Based on empirical data regarding the well-being of forced Ukrainian migrants abroad who left the country after the full-scale invasion, their potential for conducting private transfers to Ukraine is assessed as low. Migrants who left the country before the invasion have more opportunities for making transfers to Ukraine. The research has documented the widespread active use of funds accumulated in Ukraine abroad. This includes personal savings, pensions, and other types of payments, as well as infrequent remittances sent to forced migrants in their host countries.
Реалії кібервійни в сприйнятті українського соціуму: соціологічний аналіз
Authors: Шеломовська Оксана , Сорокіна Людмила
Published: November 2023

Актуальність теми зумовлена недостатньою концептуальною розробкою проблем кібервійни як соціального феномена та відсутністю комплексного соціологічного аналізу сприйняття її реалій сучасним українським соціумом на основі емпіричного матеріалу. Представлено та проаналізовано результати соціологічного опитування щодо впливу кібервійни на українство. Розглянуто сутність і надано авторські дефініції поняттям «кібервійна», «кіберзброя» і «військова кібератака». Досліджено реальні загрози кібербезпеці, з якими стикається Україна і виявлено, що кібервійна усвідомлюється населенням одним з напрямків російсько-української війни. Розглянуто кібервандалізм, пропагандистські атаки, збір інформації, атаки типу відмови в обслуговуванні, втручання в роботу обладнання та таки на об'єкти критичної інфраструктури як акти бойових дій в кіберпросторі. За результатами анкетування встановлено рівень проінформованості про них та наслідки сприйняття їх соціумом. Наголошено на значенні людського чинника у кібервійні та визначено інформаційно-психологічні спецопереації одним з її напрямків. Встановлено рівень поширення впливу інформаційно-психологічних спецоперацій на населення. Наведено і проаналізовано статистичні дані щодо кібератак в Україні та світі. Результати дослідження свідчать, що майже 70% українців особисто стикалися з пропагандистськими атаками, а більше половини опитаних – з несанкціонованим збором інформації та відмовою сервісів. Практично кожен другий українець один чи декілька разів був жертвами масового збою програмного забезпечення, додатків або інших ресурсів у мережі інтернет. Маже дві третини українців хоча б раз ставали жертвою ІПСО, але при цьому більш ніж 90% розуміє рівень загроз від ІПСО і їх негативний вплив на морально-психологічний стан населення. Встановлено, що діяльність українського кібервійська дуже позитивно оцінюється населенням. Наголошено, кібервійна є важливим фактором в усіх сучасних і майбутніх військових конфліктах  і це усвідомлює більшість світового населення.
Політична стратифікація українського суспільства
Authors: Шиян Оксана , Філіпенко Лариса , Самчук Лариса
Published: November 2023

Робота присвячена розгляду політичної стратифікації українського суспільства. Актуальність роботи зумовлена тим, що сучасне українське суспільство через політичні й економічні зміни та процеси є досить розрізненим, як наслідок, соціальна нерівність вагомо впливає на сприйняття соціумом політики та процесів у владі. Відповідно, важливо визначити як соціальна стратифікація впливає на політичну стратифікацію, при якій саме суспільство визначає будову політичної влади.

Мета дослідження – охарактеризувати політичну стратифікацію українського суспільства. Відповідно до мети було поставлено завдання визначити сутність поняття «політична стратифікація», розробити модель політичної стратифікації, схарактеризувати риси політичної стратифікації українського суспільства.

Основні результати. Визначено особливості соціальної стратифікації в Україні та її вплив на політичну стратифікацію. Розглянуто специфіку політичної стратифікації як явища українського суспільства. Розроблено модель політичної стратифікації. Охарактеризовано вищий політичний клас, середній політичний клас, нижчий політичний клас. Визначено критерії поділу моделі на класи. Звернено увагу на особливості побудови піраміди, яка відповідає сутності моделі. Визначено характерні риси суспільства, для якого наявна значна політична стратифікація. Розкрито специфіку політичної вертикалі як компоненту політичної стратифікації українського суспільства.

Висновки. Суспільні процеси значно впливають на політичну стратифікацію українського суспільства. Зокрема, жорстка стратифікація характерна для того типу суспільства, де присутня значна майнова нерівність та диференціація між рівнями доходів. Автори дослідження запропонували модель, при якій політичні сили поділяються на класи, кожен із яких виконує свою політичну роль.
Мовна політика національного лідера Гейдара Алієва
Authors: Юсіфова Гульнара
Published: November 2023

Основною метою статті є дослідження політики великого політика, національного лідера Азербайджану Гейдара Алієва. У науковому середовищі Азербайджану, а також у світовому інформаційному просторі, існує багато матеріалів про особистість Гейдара Алієва, його політичні, економічні погляди та культурні погляди. Про його ставлення до рідної мови, країни, культури написано багато творів.

Ця стаття базується на діяльності Гейдара Алієва, розпорядженнях, указах щодо азербайджанської мови. Незамінні історичні заслуги Гейдара Алієва перед державністю та Азербайджаном відображені в дослідженні «Великий вождь і наша рідна мова». Мова, яка є «передумовою існування» кожного народу, нації та держави, була вперше назавжди вписана в історію азербайджанського народу та національної держави в 1978 році, вдруге в 1995 році. У статті підкреслюється любов до національної мови до рідної мови і до свого народу, який багатьма мудрими словами створив ідеологію азербайджанізму і перетворив азербайджанську мову на державну.

У цій статті ми намагаємося визначити ставлення Гейдара Алієва до цього питання, використовуючи слова, висловлені в його особистих промовах і творах, а також створити широкий культурний портрет великого політичного діяча.

Як і в усіх сферах суспільно-політичного, економічного та культурного життя Азербайджану, Гейдар Алієв є рідкісною особистістю у сфері «рідної мови», її вивчення, пропаганди та розвитку, і ці проблеми відображені в статті.
Ідеї та теорії, пов'язані з проблемою соціальної справедливості в історії філософії
Authors: Гаджиєв Осман
Published: November 2023

Основною метою статті є дослідження проблеми соціальної справедливості в історії філософії, яка постійно викликає дискусії в суспільстві. У першу чергу розглядається сутність і теорія проблеми соціальної справедливості, а також її значення для суспільства та оцінюється як загальнолюдська цінність. Соціальна справедливість є такою проблемою, що її слід пов’язувати з різними аспектами людського життя, такими як економічні, соціальні, політичні та культурні. Говорити про єдину концепцію соціальної справедливості для всіх типів суспільств неможливо. Соціальна справедливість має історично мінливий характер. При цьому зміна домінуючих ціннісних і соціальних відносин у суспільстві або розмаїття цих факторів у різних суспільствах в один і той самий історичний період також вплинула на концепцію соціальної справедливості разом з її інтерпретацією та значенням.

У матеріалі дослідження від найдавніших часів до сьогодення представлені погляди, ідеї та теорії ряду філософів (Конфуцій, Платон, Арістотель, А. Августин, А. Фома, Дж. Бруно, Н. Макіавеллі, Т. Кампанелла, Т. Море, Г. Грасіа, Дж. Руссо, Т. Гоббс, Дж. Локк, Дж. Мілль, І. Кант, Г. Гегель, І. Г. Фіхте, К. Маркс, Дж. Ролз, С. Міллер, П. Козловський, О. Хоффе, Ю. Хабермас, Р. Ксер, А. Макінтайр, В. Соловйов, Архаленський, Ю. І. Сулін, В. Л. Гугаринов, А. А. Гусейнов, Ю. А. Дубко, В. А. Гатов, в Азербайджані З. Гоюшов, І. Мамедзаде, А. Ахмедов, А. Гулієв, А. Аббасов та ін.), проаналізовано проблему соціальної справедливості та зроблено деякі узагальнення. Дослідження свідчить про те, що поняття соціальної справедливості є всеосяжним, і ця сторона потребує різних – філософських, соціологічних, економічних, політико-правових, етичних і навіть духовно-психологічних підходів. Важливість застосування: матеріал може бути використаний на семінарах і лекціях у вищих навчальних закладах.
Роль світової літератури у формуванні планетарного мислення учнів (кейс Азербайджану)
Authors: Асадов Аріф
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена питанням викладання світової літератури в загальноосвітній школі в контексті сучасних викликів у світі та основним аспектам освіти, які ці виклики несуть. Проаналізовано значення світової літератури у формуванні планетарного мислення учнів у навчальному процесі. Підкреслюється прогресивна роль цих прикладів у формуванні логічного, критичного, творчого мислення учнів, навчанні окремих прикладів зі світової літератури, формуванні пізнавальних і комунікативних умінь.У дослідженні зазначається, що формування національної та загальнолюдської ідеї, розвиток особистості в учнів є однією з основних вимог сучасних предметних програм. Встановлення паралелей між національною та світовою літературою має велике науково-методичне значення для досягнення таких цілей, як формування планетарного образу підростаючого покоління, прищеплення ідей та уявлень про єдність світу.Безсумнівно, що головні ідеї, думки і цілі нашої національної літератури не залишаються позаду літератури розвинених народів світу. Таким чином, за ідеєю, змістом і талантом письменника азербайджанську літературу можна вважати досить сильною, сучасною і всебічною. Усвідомлення цих якостей в учнів веде до більшого почуття поваги до літератури та історії свого народу.
First song description of the humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae (Balaenopteridae: Artiodactyla), breeding off Nicaragua
Authors: De Weerdt Joelle , Djokic Divna , Sousa-Lima Renata S. , Pace Federica
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Humpback whales belonging to the Central American (CA) Distinct Population Segment breed off the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. Knowledge on this endangered population and its conservation status is limited.

Objective: The aim of this study is to provide the first description of the CA humpback whale song off Nicaragua, which helps further understanding on the population’s dynamics.

Methods: Acoustic recordings of songs were obtained during dedicated boat-based surveys at two locations on the Pacific coast of Nicaragua in 2018. Recordings were made from the boat using a portable system for a total of 23 hours and 56 minutes over 32 days from January to April 2018. A total of nine recordings of high enough quality for the song analysis were identified during this period from three different days at Padre Ramos (PR) (northern site) and four different days at San Juan del Sur (southern site). Song structure was described using standard humpback whale song elements, i.e. themes, phrases, and units.

Results: A total of seven themes, seven phrases, and 19 unit types were identified. Three of the themes were common and frequently repeated in a song cycle while the others were less common in the repertoire and were recorded only during the middle of the season. Song theme order was variable, both within and across song sessions.

Conclusions: This study provides the first song description of humpback whales along the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. Comparison of these songs with other datasets from the CA population and other breeding areas in the Northern Hemisphere could help understand the migratory patterns of these animals and the level of connectivity among populations since song can be socially learnt. Future data collection of humpback whale song recordings in Nicaragua is necessary to gain further understanding on the song structure variation within this population and the mechanisms of song transmission and dynamics across populations in the region.
Ensuring information security in order to preserve the national interests of Russia at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Amonov Amir , Ratnik Anatoly , Akhmetov Minnegaley
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main risks of information security in Russia in the new millennium and the effectiveness of information security programs in the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the information security system of the Russian Federation. The article identified the main risks of information security in Russia, such as cybercrime, violations of the rules for processing personal data, leaks of confidential information, and others. The authors analyzed the distribution of the listed types of threats to information security of Rostelecom's client companies for 2022. Attention is focused on the fact that a low culture of information security among military personnel and personnel working at the facilities of the Armed Forces can lead to vulnerabilities and risks of data leakage of important strategic facilities.
The programs for ensuring information security of the Russian Federation were considered, including the Federal Target Program "Information Russia", the Federal Law "On the Protection of Personal Data" and others. The authors identified the main goals and indicators of such national programs. An analysis of the effectiveness of the information security system of the Russian Federation is carried out and a forecast of its development is presented. State programs aimed at developing the digital economy, protecting critical information infrastructure, developing mechanisms to combat cyber threats, as well as creating modern technologies for the Russian Armed Forces and cryptography are the key areas of Russia's work in this area. The authors also analyzed the forecast for the development of the Russian cybersecurity market, as well as the global forecast for the development of information security technologies. It is concluded that despite the measures taken by the Russian Federation to ensure information security, the system is still vulnerable to new threats. recommendations were developed to improve the current information security system in the Russian Federation.
Proposals for organizing the work of the design department of a manufacturing enterprise
Authors: Klyazmin Vasily , Egorkin Sergey
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to topical issues related to the organization of the work of the design department of a manufacturing enterprise. The author focuses on the fact that an essential feature of the organization of work processes in industrial enterprises is the use of business process automation tools. However, it is emphasized that there are still companies on the market that do not use such systems. The article analyzes in detail the causes of problems, and also offers effective recommendations for their elimination. The author argues that the enterprise is facing a number of negative consequences due to the problems faced by the design documentation development department. The article analyzes the current organizational structure of the design department, identifies shortcomings and makes proposals for changing project management processes. The article deals with the use of the latest technologies and software in the work of the design department, as well as the need to develop a culture of innovation and environmental responsibility. The author believes that the introduction of a formalized task setting procedure is important for improving the work of the design documentation development department. In this regard, the article analyzes the structure of the documentation and its features. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the Kanban methodology, which, according to the author, can help in solving the problem of unsystematic distribution of tasks and insufficient visibility of project progress. In the final part of the article, it is emphasized that the solution of the problems considered in the work requires constant analysis and adjustment depending on changing conditions and market needs. The results of the study can be used by the management of manufacturing enterprises to optimize the work of the design department and improve the efficiency of projects.
Ways to attract investment in green companies in Russia
Authors: Bagdasaryan Garik , Kudryashov Alexander
Published: November 2023

Within the framework of the presented publication, the author considers the issue of investing in green companies. This topic is relevant, since the preservation of the environment is one of the main tasks at the present time. The author believes that the development of green companies is becoming an integral part of the economy and requires significant attention from the government. The essence of green investment, according to the author, is to reduce the negative impact of economic activity on the environment. It is noted that the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies can lead to a high level of costs, but in the long term they can help increase profits and be widely distributed in society. Green investments, in turn, contribute to the sustainable development of the economy, as they reduce the cost of energy and other resources, increase the productivity of the enterprise and reduce the negative impact of economic activities on the environment. The author focuses on the fact that green investors who invest in green projects consider projects not only from the point of view of their profitability, but first of all evaluate them from the point of view of a positive impact on societies. In accordance with this, there is a classification of investors, which is presented within the framework of this publication. In addition, the article presents a number of advantages specific to investing in green companies. In general, investing in green companies is beneficial not only in terms of building environmental sustainability, but also for investors who will receive financial and reputational benefits. The article also lists Russian companies that produce green products and also support ESG principles
‘Fidelity, Perspicuity, and Simplicity’: Robert Morrison and His Translation of the Four Gospels in 1820s
Authors: Jin Cheng
Published: November 2023

Based on ‘translation as rewriting’ from Lefevere as theoretical framework, this article delves into Morrison’s translation of the four gospels in 1820s. Morrison’s translation strategies will be examined and the motivations behind will be explored. Lefevere identifies three elements in his patronage: ideological, economic and status, and this article proposed a fourth component: pragmatic component, which affects Morrison’s translation method.