bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Structure of the Body Setae as Mechanoreceptor on the Mesonotum of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)
Authors: Wikantyoso Bramantyo , Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Published: January 2024

Telenomus remus is parasitoid on many Lepidpoteran. Morphological analysis on T. remus is important to understand their behavior and assest the quality of parasitoid comes from the mass rearing process. However, the information of T. remus body setae cuticle characteristics were limited. This study aimed to explore the body setae on the mesonotum of of T. remus by using electron microscopy analysis and characterize their cuticle characterisics to infer the putative function of the body setae. The results showed structures that support the body setae on the mesonotum as mechanoreceptor. The structure included the long and dangling seta peg, a socket, and a gap between a socket and the base of the seta peg. The putative function related to the biology and behavior of T. remus were discussed.
There's no (bus) stopping us!
Authors: Hylton Preetee
Published: January 2024

Preetee Hylton tells Dental Nursing about her trip out as an oral health educator with Driving For Change.
Breaking the glass in the ‘Overton Window’: the role of adversarial co-production
Authors: Bovaird Tony
Published: January 2024

This commentary responds to points raised by Johnson et al (2023) in ‘Breaking the Overton Window: on the need for adversarial co-production’.
Centring the Periphery: New Forays in Malaysian Economic History
Authors: Leng Loh Wei
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Writings on Malaysian history follow trends that affect history writing around the world, but not always at the same pace. This article revolves around the significance of centring the periphery in looking at Malaysian history and discusses the effects of innovations associated with the New History, the new economic history, the Annales school, women’s history and gender studies, post-modernism, and global history on historical writing in Malaysia. It begins with a broad regional focus and culminates in a discussion of how Penang, a peripheral actor from some perspectives, also serves as a centre.
Embodying Ethnic and Settler Identities: An Analysis of the English-Language Korean Play Sim Cheong (1938) in Hawai'i
Authors: Choi Heeyoung
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In 1938, Koreans in Hawai'i premiered an English-language play, Sim Cheong ( Sim Chung ), at the Honolulu Academy of Arts to celebrate the Korean Spring Festival. Sim Cheong is an adaptation by a second-generation Korean of a cherished Korean folktale, The Story of Sim Cheong , emphasizing filial piety. This study uses Sim Cheong to examine the cultural milieu of 1930s Hawai'i and the complex identities interwoven within the Korean diaspora, revealing efforts by Koreans to preserve their ethnic pride while creating a sense of closeness with the white upper class. The adaptation signalled a dramaturgical shift from the original story, often framed in the context of Confucianism and Buddhism, to a theatrical production incorporating musical performances and revised storylines. This shift is encapsulated in the contrast between the play's downplaying of the boat scene, commonly regarded as pivotal in illustrating the protagonist's commitment to filial piety, and accentuation of the scene depicting the initial encounter between Sim Cheong and the King, presenting independent and diverse elements of Korean culture and conveying undertones of Christian belief. Through this analysis of local political, social, and cultural realms, this study identifies dual identities existing in the Korean diaspora surpassing the confines of a generic pan-ethnic Asian American identity, unraveling the intricate interplay between the preservation of ethnic pride and the imperative of assimilation within the broader sociocultural landscape.
Theory and design of parallel decoding for a ternary optical computer
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Ouyang Shan , Lian Weimin
Published: January 2024

A hardware-based parallel decoding scheme is proposed to address the problems of correctness and efficiency of software decoding for ternary optical computers. Based on the minimal primitive structure of the ternary optical computer, a hardware decoding voltage divider circuit and single-pixel transcoding of operation results are designed. A parallel decoding scheme is designed for the SJ-MSD unconventional adder based on Shen’s theorem and the TW-MSD conventional adder under the degraded design theory, and a corresponding addressing scheme is proposed for the access of decoding results. After comprehensive consideration, the decoding scheme is finally selected as the time-sharing combination. The experiments show that the parallel decoding scheme of the ternary optical computer is practical and feasible.
Transponder-type laser interferometer prototype for spaceborne gravitational wave detectors
Authors: Mu Henglin , Xu Xin , Le Taoran , Tan Yidong , Wei Haoyun , Li Yan
Published: January 2024

Transponder-type laser interferometry is essential in spaceborne gravitational wave detection missions. This paper presents a transponder-type laser interferometer prototype for potential noise calibration of spaceborne gravitational wave detectors. Using a digital optical phase-locked loop, we successfully locked the phase of the slave laser to the master laser (∼200pW). Once the link between the master laser and the slave laser is established, the two satellites (essentially two lasers) form a transponder-type laser interferometer. We carefully analyze the measurement stability and noise characteristics of the interferometer, and the results show that the Allan deviation of the zero drift can reach 243.2 pm at t=0.429s, while the noise spectral density has a typical 1/f line shape with a floor of 21pm/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz. The coherence analysis shows that the temperature drift is an important factor limiting the performance of the interferometer below 2 mHz, while the frequency noise of the master laser is not dominant in the experiment. Transponder-type laser interferometers have a wide range of applications in intersatellite communication and measurement. Our design can serve as a valuable reference for gravitational wave detection missions such as LISA.
Rigid alignment method for secondary analyses of optical coherence tomography volumes
Authors: Cornelio Andrew , Collazo Martinez Ana , Lu Hanzhang , Jones Craig , Kashani Amir H.
Published: January 2024

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides micron level resolution of retinal tissue and is widely used in ophthalmology. Millions of pre-existing OCT images are available from research and clinical databases. Analysis of this data often requires or can benefit significantly from image registration and reduction of speckle noise. One method of reducing noise is to align and average multiple OCT scans together. We propose to use surface feature information and whole volume information to create a novel and simple pipeline that can rigidly align, and average multiple previously acquired 3D OCT volumes from a commercially available OCT device. This pipeline significantly improves both image quality and visualization of clinically relevant image features over single, unaligned volumes from the commercial scanner.
Theory and experiment on the terahertz vibrational spectrum of ferulic acid
Authors: Chang Tianying , Liang Jie , Wei Dongshan , Cui Hong-Liang
Published: January 2024

Ferulic acid (FA, C10H10O4), a type of hydroxycinnamic acid derivative, has beneficial pharmacological effects and biological activities and is known for its high application value in medicine, health care, and cosmetic products. The vibration spectrum of FA ranging from 0.3 THz to 2.0 THz has been investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The characteristic absorption peaks located at 0.937, 1.159, 1.464, 1.694, and 1.910 THz are obtained experimentally. To understand the origin of the characteristic absorption peaks of FA, density functional theory calculations based on isolated molecule and crystalline structure are separately performed to differentiate the intramolecular and intermolecular vibrational modes. Combined analysis of the experimental and theoretical results informs that the characteristic absorption peak at 1.464 THz comes from intramolecular interaction, and the ones at 0.937, 1.159, 1.694, and 1.910 THz originate from intermolecular collective vibrational modes.
Nonreciprocal P
T-symmetric magnon laser in spinning cavity optomagnonics
Authors: Wang Zheng-Yang , He Xiao-Wei , Han Xue , Wang Hong-Fu , Zhang Shou
Published: January 2024

We propose a scheme to achieve nonreciprocal parity-time (PT)-symmetric magnon laser in a PT-symmetric cavity optomagnonical system. The system consists of active and passive optical spinning resonators. We demonstrate that the Fizeau light-dragging effect induced by the spinning of a resonator results in significant variations in magnon gain and stimulated emitted magnon numbers for different driving directions. We find that utilizing the Fizeau light-dragging effect allows the system to operate at ultra-low thresholds even without reaching gain-loss balance. A one-way magnon laser can also be realized across a range of parameters. High tunability of the magnon laser is achieved by changing the spinning speed of the resonators and driving direction. Our work provides a new way to explore various nonreciprocal effects in non-Hermitian magnonic systems, which may be applied to manipulate photons and magnons in multi-body non-Hermitian coupled systems.
Optical transmission of microwave control signal towards large-scale superconducting quantum computing
Authors: Li Na , Li Yu-Huai , Fan Dao-Jin , Han Lian-Chen , Xu Yu , Lin Jin , Guo Cheng , Li Dong-Dong , Gong Ming , Liao Sheng-Kai , Zhu Xiao-Bo , Peng Cheng-Zhi
Published: January 2024

With the rapid development of superconducting quantum computing and the implementation of surface code, large-scale quantum computing is emerging as an urgent demand. In a superconducting computing system, the qubit is maintained in a cryogenic environment to avoid thermal excitation. Thus, the transmission of control signals, which are generated at room temperature, is needed. Typically, the transmission of these signals to the qubit relies on a coaxial cable wiring approach. However, in a large-scale computing system with hundreds or even thousands of qubits, the coaxial cables will pose great space and heat load to the dilution refrigerator. Here, to tackle this problem, we propose and demonstrate a direct-modulation-based optical transmission line. In our experiment, the average single-qubit XEB error and control error are measured as 0.139% and 0.014% separately, demonstrating the feasibility of the optical wiring approach and paving the way for large-scale superconducting quantum computing.
Measuring 3D shape and deformation in the presence of extremely strong ambient light and thermal radiation with a single time-gated camera
Authors: Yu Liping , Lu Ning , Pan Bing
Published: January 2024

Monochromatic light-illuminated active-imaging stereo-digital image correlation (stereo-DIC) has been extensively used for measuring the surface deformation of materials and structures at elevated temperatures. Despite the improvements in the image acquisition techniques or devices, it is still challenging to measure the 3D deformation of materials and structures in the presence of strong, time-varying ambient light and thermal radiation. In this study, we present what we believe to be a novel dual-filtering single-camera stereo-DIC technique for full-field 3D high-temperature deformation measurement, even in the case of extremely intense ambient light and thermal radiation. In contrast to conventional active-imaging stereo-DIC that only suppresses the thermal radiations in the spectral domain, the proposed technique utilized a dual-filtering strategy (i.e., narrow bandpass optical filtering and ultrashort exposing) to suppress the strong ambient light and thermal radiation in both time and spectral domains. Besides, a four-mirror adapter is adopted to realize 3D shape and deformation measurement using a compact single time-gated camera. Experimental verifications, including assessments with laboratory experiments and validations on real thermal deformation tests under transient aerodynamic heating and direct ohmic heating, convincingly demonstrated that the proposed single-camera dual-filtering stereo-DIC method can achieve accurate 3D shape, motion and deformation measurement, even with strong light and thermal radiation from the quartz lamps and the heated sample.
Photonic spheres by microgel templating [Invited]
Authors: Manne Kalpana , Magkiriadou Sofia , Yazhgur Pavel , Demirörs Ahmet F. , Scheffold Frank
Published: January 2024

We report on fabricating photonic spheres by combining submicron-sized microgels and silica nanoparticles. By emulsifying the mixture and removing water through solvent drying, we achieve spheres of packed microgels measuring from a few micrometers to tens of micrometers. The highly swollen microgels exert pressure on the surrounding silica nanoparticles, forming a foam-like network within the droplet. The polymer microgels are then removed by calcination, leaving behind a silica foam. These photonic spheres exhibit structural colors in the visible spectral range, including challenging shades like red. The versatile approach we present here can pave the way for designing photonic pigments and be a step forward in understanding inverse structures with spherical morphology.
Ultra-broadband spectroscopy using a 2–11.5 μm IDFG-based supercontinuum source
Authors: Krebbers Roderik , Van Kempen Kees , Harren Frans J. , Vasilyev Sergey , Peterse Ida , Lücker Sebastian , Khodabakhsh Amir , Cristescu Simona
Published: January 2024

Supercontinuum sources based on intrapulse difference frequency generation (IDFG) from mode-locked lasers open new opportunities in mid-infrared gas spectroscopy. These sources provide high power and ultra-broadband spectral coverage in the molecular fingerprint region with very low relative intensity noise. Here, we demonstrate the performance of such a light source in combination with a multipass cell and a custom-built Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) for multispecies trace gas detection. The light source provides a low-noise, ultra-broad spectrum from 2 – 11.5 µm with ~3 W output power, outperforming existing mid-infrared supercontinuum sources in terms of noise, spectral coverage, and output power. This translates to an excellent match for spectroscopic applications, establishing (sub-)ppb sensitivity for molecular hydrocarbons (e.g., CH₄, C₂H₄), oxides (e.g., SO₂, NOx), and small organic molecules (e.g., acetone, ethyl acetate) over the spectral range of the supercontinuum source with a measurement time varying from seconds to minutes. We demonstrate a practical application by measuring the off-gas composition of a bioreactor containing an acidic ammonia-oxidizing culture with the simultaneous detection of multiple nitrogen oxides (NO, NO₂, N₂O, etc.). As the different species absorb various parts of the spectrum, these results highlight the functionality of this spectroscopic system for biological and environmental applications.
Probing phase transition of band topology via radiation topology
Authors: Ji Chang-Yin , Lan Wenze , Fu Peng , Wang Gang , Gu Changzhi , Wang Yeliang , Li Jiafang , Yao Yugui , Liu Baoli
Published: January 2024

Topological photonics has received extensive attention from researchers because it provides brand new physical principles to manipulate light. Band topology is characterized using the Berry phase defined by Bloch states. Until now, the scheme for experimentally probing the topological phase transition of band topology has always been relatively lacking in topological physics. Moreover, radiation topology can be aroused by the far-field polarization singularities of Bloch states, which is described by the Stokes phase. Although such two types of topologies are both related to Bloch states on the band structures, it is rather surprising that their development is almost independent. Here, in optical analogs of the quantum spin Hall effects (QSHEs) and Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, we reveal the correlation between the phase transition of band topology and radiation topology and then demonstrate that the radiation topology can be employed to study the band topological transition. We experimentally demonstrate such an intriguing phenomenon in optical analogs of QSHEs. Our findings not only provide an insightful understanding of band topology and radiation topology, but also can serve as a route to manipulate light.
Full-polarization angular spectrum modeling of scattered light modulation
Authors: Shao Rongjun , Ding Chunxu , Qu Yuan , Liu Linxian , He Qiaozhi , Wu Yuejun , Yang Jiamiao
Published: January 2024

The exact physical modeling for scattered light modulation is critical in phototherapy, biomedical imaging, and free-space optical communications. In particular, the angular spectrum modeling of scattered light has attracted considerable attention, but the existing angular spectrum models neglect the polarization of photons, degrading their performance. Here, we propose a full-polarization angular spectrum model (fpASM) to take the polarization into account. This model involves a combination of the optical field changes and free-space angular spectrum diffraction, and enables an investigation of the influence of polarization-related factors on the performance of scattered light modulation. By establishing the relationship between various model parameters and macroscopic scattering properties, our model can effectively characterize various depolarization conditions. As a demonstration, we apply the model in the time-reversal data transmission and anti-scattering light focusing. Our method allows the analysis of various depolarization scattering events and benefits applications related to scattered light modulation.
Multichannel coupling induced topological insulating phases with full multimerization
Authors: Li Jun , Yang Yaping , Hu C.-M.
Published: January 2024

We propose and experimentally realize a class of quasi-one-dimensional topological lattices whose unit cells are constructed by coupled multiple identical resonators, with uniform hopping and inversion symmetry. In the presence of coupling-path-induced effective zero hopping within the unit cells, the systems are characterized by complete multimerization with degenerate −1 energy edge states for open boundary condition. Su–Schrieffer–Heeger subspaces with fully dimerized limits corresponding to pairs of nontrivial flat bands are derived from the Hilbert spaces. In particular, topological bound states in the continuum (BICs) are inherently present in even multimer chains, manifested by embedding the topological bound states into a continuous band assured by bulk-boundary correspondence. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate the degenerate topological edge states and topological BICs in radio-frequency circuits.
Synthesis and Characterization of 4-Thiazolidinones Derivatives with 6-Chlorobenzothiazole Moiety
Authors: Baraskar Archana Ratnakar , Sonawane Ratnamala , Kshirsagar Yogesh , Pathan Sultan
Published: January 2024

The 4-thiazolidinone ring system is a fundamental structure which is present in a large variety of synthetic pharmaceuticals that has a wide range of potential biological effects. In this work, thioglycolic acid and 6-chloro-N-(substituted benzylidene)benzothiazol-2-amine were condensed in DMF solvent in the presence of ZnCl2 to obtain novel 3- (6-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-(substituted aryl)thiazolidin-4-one derivatives. The structure of the synthesized compounds (3a-j) were confirmed using IR, 1H & 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy.
Social media communication of the spa industry during the four waves of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Keller Veronika , Printz-Markó Erzsébet , Szabó Roland Zs.
Published: January 2024

Tourism and the spa industry have been heavily affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The social media strategies of top spa destinations were studied during the period from March 1, 2020, through February 28, 2022. Together There are 2,539 posts of selected spas (from Iceland, Austria, Slovakia, and Hungary). Based on former research, four major themes emerged: (i) Facebook versus Instagram communication during the two years of the pandemic; (ii) Live Vividness of the social media communication; (iii) Activity of the followers; (iv) Use of hashtags. Findings show that social media plays a significant role in fighting against the negative impacts of a crisis. Communication on social media is especially effective when emotional, affective images and positive emotions are presented to the target customers. Our findings extend not only crisis management theory, but also provide valuable insights into tourists’ psychometrics, which is essential for tourism destinations in developing their communication strategies.
Material Discrimination Using X-Ray and Neutron
Authors: Lee Jaehyun , Park Jinhyung , Park Jae Yeon , Chae Moonsik , Mun Jungho , Jung Jong Hyun
Published: January 2024

Background: A nondestructive test is commonly used to inspect the surface defects and internal structure of an object without any physical damage. X-rays generated from an electron accelerator or a tube are one of the methods used for nondestructive testing. The high penetration of X-rays through materials with low atomic numbers makes it difficult to discriminate between these materials using X-ray imaging. The interaction characteristics of neutrons with materials can supplement the limitations of X-ray imaging in material discrimination.Materials and Methods: The radiation image acquisition process for air-cargo security inspection equipment using X-rays and neutrons was simulated using a GEometry ANd Tracking (Geant4) simulation toolkit. Radiation images of phantoms composed of 13 materials were obtained, and the R-value, representing the attenuation ratio of neutrons and gamma rays in a material, was calculated from these images.Results and Discussion: The R-values were calculated from the simulated X-ray and neutron images for each phantom and compared with those obtained in the experiments. The R-values obtained from the experiments were higher than those obtained from the simulations. The difference can be due to the following two causes. The first reason is that there are various facilities or equipment in the experimental environment that scatter neutrons, unlike the simulation. The other is the difference in the neutron signal processing. In the simulation, the neutron signal is the sum of the number of neutrons entering the detector. However, in the experiment, the neutron signal was obtained by superimposing the intensities of the neutron signals. Neutron detectors also detect gamma rays, and the neutron signal cannot be clearly distinguished in the process of separating the two types of radiation. Despite these differences, the two results showed similar trends and the viability of using simulation-based radiation images, particularly in the field of security screening. With further research, the simulation-based radiation images can replace ones from experiments and be used in the related fields.Conclusion: The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has developed air-cargo security inspection equipment using neutrons and X-rays. Using this equipment, radiation images and R-values for various materials were obtained. The equipment was reconstructed, and the R-values were obtained for 13 materials using the Geant4 simulation toolkit. The R-values calculated by experiment and simulation show similar trends. Therefore, we confirmed the feasibility of using the simulation-based radiation image.
Enhancing Gamma-Neutron Shielding Effectiveness of Polyvinylidene Fluoride for Potent Applications in Nuclear Industries: A Study on the Impact of Tungsten Carbide, Trioxide, and Disulfide Using EpiXS, Phy-X/PSD, and MCNP5 Code
Authors: Ghazal Ayman Abu , Alakash Rawand , Aljumaili Zainab , El-Sayed Ahmed , Abdel-Rahman Hamza
Published: January 2024

Background: Radiation protection is crucial in various fields due to the harmful effects of radiation. Shielding is used to reduce radiation exposure, but gamma radiation poses challenges due to its high energy and penetration capabilities.Materials and Methods: This work investigates the radiation shielding properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) samples containing different weight fraction of tungsten carbide (WC), tungsten trioxide (WO3), and tungsten disulfide (WS2). Parameters such as the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), half-value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff), and macroscopic effective removal cross-section for fast neutrons (ΣR) were calculated using the Phy-X/PSD software. EpiXS simulations were conducted for MAC validation.Results and Discussion: Increasing the weight fraction of the additives resulted in higher MAC values, indicating improved radiation shielding. PVDF–xWC showed the highest percentage increase in MAC values. MFP results indicated that PVDF–0.20WC has the lowest values, suggesting superior shielding properties compared to PVDF–0.20WO3 and PVDF–0.20WS2. PVDF–0.20WC also exhibited the highest Zeff values, while PVDF–0.20WS2 showed a slightly higher increase in Zeff at energies of 0.662 and 1.333 MeV. PVDF–0.20WC has demonstrated the highest ΣR value, indicating effective shielding against fast neutrons, while PVDF–0.20WS2 had the lowest ΣR value. The Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport version 5 (MCNP5) simulations showed that PVDF–xWC attenuates gamma radiation more than pure PVDF, significantly decreasing the dose equivalent rate.Conclusion: Overall, this research provides insights into the radiation shielding properties of PVDF mixtures, with PVDF–xWC showing the most promising results.
The Role of Personal Values in Forming the AI Ethics of Prospective Accountants
Authors: Latifah Lyna , Setiyani Rediana , Arief Sandy , Susilowati Nurdian
Published: January 2024

This study aims to discuss how to form AI (Artificial Intelligence) ethical behavior with insight into the personal and organizational values of prospective accountants. This was a quantitative survey method. The sampling technique with a saturated sample was used as the research sample. Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was conducted on 421 data points using WarpPLS software. The study results show that organizational and personal values significantly positively affect the intention of prospective accountant students to engage in AI ethics. Organizational values have a positive effect on the personal values of prospective accounting students. Intentions had a significant effect on AI ethics. Personal values did not play a role in mediating the impact of organizational values on intentions toward AI ethics. Intention succeeds in mediating the influence of personal values on the intention to engage in AI ethics among prospective accountant students. The findings referred to are very applicable to be implemented in different cultural settings due to the personal and organizational values tend to be implemented in general situation and condition. The findings provide universal outlook that values within organizations have an essential role in enhancing future accountants to be ethical in respect to AI.
To Whom Does the Knowledge Belong? The Researcher-Researched Relationship and Vulnerability in Refugee Studies
Authors: Krawczyk Mateusz M. , Kikalage Dieudonné Joël
Published: January 2024

Research ethics address concerns related to power imbalances. These dynamics are particularly prominent in refugee camps, where the contemporary ‘protracted’ state (UNHCR, 2004) turns them into quasi-laboratories, where refugees are subjected to scrutiny, measurement, observation, and analysis by researchers, NGOs, and governmental organizations. Researchers typically conduct brief field trips to perform predetermined scientific activities, limiting their comprehensive understanding of the subject under study. Fieldwork conducted in Nakivale Refugee Settlement (Uganda) since 2019 has highlighted an often-one-way communication dynamic between researchers and refugees, where refugees rarely receive feedback on the information they provide. Consequently, refugees develop a lack of trust towards researchers, impacting their subjectivity and self-esteem. They perceive themselves as information providers rather than owners, lacking simultaneous access to that information. The concept of power-knowledge (Foucault 1980) is instrumental in understanding this issue and reflecting on researchers’ responsibilities in studying vulnerable populations.
Development of a self-test for undergraduate chemistry students: how do students solve tasks on basic content knowledge?
Authors: Keller David , Hermanns Jolanda
Published: January 2024

In this paper we describe the development of a self-test on content knowledge as one element of a digital learning environment. The self-test on prior knowledge consists of tasks in the categories Periodic Table of Elements, chemical bonding, chemical formulas, and chemical reactions (reaction equations and reaction mechanisms). For the study, tasks from all topics have been used in a paper-pencil multiple-choice and multiple response test on the task at hand and an accompanying questionnaire with closed and open items. The results of the study show that the students rated the tasks as suitable. Comments for improving the tasks regarding the wording or the design were implemented. Because of students’ lack of understanding regarding some of the technical terms, a glossary and games will be added to the digital learning environment. Many students overestimated their knowledge and their competences, therefore the self-test in the learning environment will include feedback to ensure that the students can improve their content knowledge and its application.
New LMI constraint-based settling-time estimation for finite-time stability of fractional-order neural networks
Authors: Muthu Shafiya , Gnaneswaran Nagamani
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the finite-time stability performance of both non-delayed and delayed fractional-order neural networks. Our primary aim is to investigate the finite-time stability characteristics by introducing a novel inequality designed for estimating the settling time. This fresh inequality serves as the foundation for establishing sufficient criteria, formulated as linear matrix inequalities, which guarantee the finite-time stability of both non-delayed and delayed fractional-order neural networks. Additionally, we underscore the importance of incorporating comprehensive information regarding the lower and upper bounds of the activation function, especially in the context of the proposed non-delayed model. Unlike the previous works, in this paper, the linear matrix inequality technique has been adopted towards the finite-time stability behavior of the proposed model. At last, some numerical examples are examined to validate the efficacy and conservatism of the presented approach and established theoretical results over the existing literature.
Challenging the clichés: How recent scholarship refreshes the interpretation of Adam Smith’s oeuvre
Authors: Horn Karen
Published: January 2024

Adam Smith was born 300 years ago, in June 1723. The son of a Scottish lawyer and customs commissioner grew to become a great Enlightenment thinker who gained global fame for his writings in moral philosophy and political economy. His second major work, the “Wealth of Nations” (1776), enabled economics to establish itself as a separate academic discipline. In numerous countries, the book had not only a theoretical but also a practical policy impact. Yet many distortions crept into the reception history of Smith’s oeuvre. For some years now, an interdisciplinary group of Smith scholars has taken on the received wisdom to challenge the clichés. In this survey written on the occasion of the Adam Smith tricentenary, Karen Horn presents some insights from recent Smith scholarship and shows just how inspiring and fruitful an engagement with the great Scot continues to be – even for economists, who are so far remarkably underrepresented in this activity.
Manipulation of Time Continuity in Shared Narratives. On the Construction of Collective “Truths” and Its Ambivalent Function in the Social World and in Education
Authors: Nišponská Magda
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the topic of politically motivated manipulation of time continuity in shared narratives. It examines the consequences of the irrational fusion of fragments of the stories of different protagonists who live in different historical periods, sometimes separated by centuries. The integration of bits and pieces of the myths borrowed from the past into the narratives of the present can take on psychotic proportions. It can seriously damage the living tissue of personal and collective memory. The story of the past, told in a certain way, can influence the self-perception of people, making them feel partly like heroes with a special mission, as well as victims, threatened by a hostile world, isolated, acting in response to the past, and therefore out of touch with reality. The result is the impossibility of distinguishing current events as a set of specific political and psychological forces that require a specific response to an urgent situation (Kalinowska, 2012). Current threats are thus perceived not only in their specificity, but in constant vigilance in the light of past traumas and illogical linking of the past, present, and future. The goal of this article is the understanding of this process with the help of Vamik Volkan’s psychoanalytic concept of “time collapse” (Volkan & Javakhishvili, 2022), and Michael Rothberg’s theory of the “implicated subject” (2019). When we talk about the transition to democracy and solidarity in education, we must understand the way of thinking that deviates from them.
Pedagogical Discourse on the Reform of General Secondary Education in Soviet Ukraine through the Prism of Child Protection in the 1920s: the Struggle against Unification
Authors: Berezivska Larysa
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the leading ideas of Ukrainian teachers and civil leaders (V. Arnautov, Ya. Chepiha, T. Harbuz, H. Ivanytsia, Ya. Riappo, M. Skrypnyk, O. Zaluzhnyi, etc.) on reforming school education for the sake of development and protection of a child in the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR) in the 1920s. It has been proven that after the defeat of the Ukrainian Revolution (1917–1921) and the capture of the territory of Ukraine by the Bolsheviks, the pedagogical discourse focused on the idea of creating a new labour school. It should be based on the following principles: labour, active, social education to protect the child, communist, the principle of Ukrainization and at the same time the imposition of Russification, etc. Ukrainian educators, looking for active methods of teaching children in a labour school, turned mainly to European and world pedagogical science (A. Binet, J. Dewey, F. Freeman, G. Kerschensteiner, E. Meumann, P. Natorp, F. Seidel, Ch. Spearman, W. Stern, L. Terman, E. Thorndike etc.). Pedagogical discourse was aimed at opposing the unification of school education according to the Russian model. The policy of Ukrainization was effective, so the all-Union authorities intensified ideological pressure, seeking to curtail this process. The struggle for the Ukrainian school ended tragically for Ukrainian teachers. This eloquently testifies to how the Soviet ideology during the reform used the ideas of social protection of the child, Ukrainization of the educational process to establish its own ideological and socio-political goals of the totalitarian society.
Pädagogisierung der Verletzlichkeit – Historiografische Perspektiven
Authors: Heinze Carsten
Published: January 2024

In the history of education, the vulnerability of children and young people has hardly been taken into account, although it must be considered as a crucial condition for educational action. This paper argues that the historical analysis of the individually differentiated and socially conditioned vulnerability of children and young people allows for a reinterpretation of the history of education. Consideration will be given to the ways in which vulnerability as an analytical dimension can be developed in this context.
The Principle of Justice as a Judges' Considerations in the Concept of Third-Party Responsibility Against Cooperative Legal Action
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto , Sejati Herlambang Fadlan , Iyer Puneet
Published: January 2024

This research criticizes and analyzes the judges considerations in the Supreme Court Decision Number 250 K / Pdt / 2019 considering third parties’ responsibility related to Audi Et Alteram Partem principle which is part of the principle of justice as fairness. This is normative legal research. Data analysis obtained from library research was carried out in a qualitative way. The data obtained were grouped systematically and then linked to the formulation of the existing problems based on their accuracy value in order to get a clear picture of the discussion. Results showed that the Panel of Judges in Supreme Court Decision Number 250K/Pdt/ 2019 Jo. Decision Number 204/Pdt/2018/PT SMG Jo. Decision Number 20/Pdt.G/2017/ PN Kds has implemented the principle of Audi Et Alteram Partem which is a manifestation of the principle of justice as fairness. The panel of judges has decided fairly by ignoring the concept of cooperatives and the board of directors' responsibilities. Relevant stakeholders must immediately issue the latest law on cooperatives.
The Urgency of the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) Jurisdiction in Handling Serious Violations of Human Rights Case of the Uyghur
Authors: Aulya Layla Putri , Arifin Ridwan , Smith Robert Brian
Published: January 2024

Human Rights are things that should be owned by every person on this earth. As a country, China should provide protection for the rights of its people. However, the Chinese government is different because they actually committed gross human rights violations against the Uyghur ethnic group. The Uyghur ethnic group living in China always receives harsh treatment that is physically and mentally violent. Not only that, this ethnic group is forbidden to worship and carry out their daily life freely. On this matter, many hope that there will be a way out that can be given by the International Criminal Court for the crimes committed by the Chinese government. The ICC essentially also has the authority to give a trial in this case. What is happening to the Uyghur ethnic group is very sad and needs more and more special attention. Not to mention that the handling of this case requires a high level of focus.
Immunity Rights of Experts Who Provide Statements in Trials
Authors: Mansyah Muh Sutri , Suhartono Rizki Mustika , Salad Hariasi , Dewi Rasmala
Published: January 2024

The aim of the research was to examine and analyze decision number 47/Pdt.G/LH/2018/PN Cbi regarding lawsuits against experts. This research used normative research, with a case and statutory approach and grammatical and systematic interpretation. As for the research results, the lawsuit was rejected by the Panel of Judges based on Decision No: 47/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Cbi. The reason the panel of judges rejected the lawsuit was because it did not include relative competence, but interestingly one of the rulings was written "that experts in the future should have the right not to be prosecuted criminally" Of course this supports the importance of experts being given the right to immunity. So that in the future the government and legislature will regulate the right to immunity for experts in the Witness and Victim Protection Law.
Highlights of the Judge's Interpretation of Illegal Control of a State House Is Associated with Material Unlawful Characteristics
Authors: Rusdiana Emmilia , Febriant Rena Arya
Published: January 2024

Housing and Settlements causes a person to have the status of a defendant on the basis that the occupant of the house is not the owner, which is only valid if there is the owner's approval or permission. Meanwhile, there is the Law Number 1 Year 2011 concerning housing and settlements, which revokes The Law Number 4 Year 1992. Judges' considerations are drawn up after linking the changes to the validity of the law based on Article 1 paragraph (2) of the Law Number 1 Year 1946 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP). It becomes odd when the judge's decision is associated with the unlawful nature of a case. The purpose of writing is to show the inaccuracy of the judge's interpretation of Article 1 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code and the nature of the material law against a case. The results show that the Law Number 4 Year 1992, in conjunction with the RI Law Number 1 Year 2011, has a different point of view on the meaning of handling a case, so the case is not included in the category of fulfilling the elements of Article 1 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code. The judge has interpreted the validity of Article 1 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code incorrectly because the judge only prioritizes the principle of legality by Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code but overrides the nature of violating material law.
Current advancements in diagnosing and managing cavovarus foot in paediatric patients
Authors: Arthur Vithran Djandan Tadum , Liu Xu , He Miao , Essien Anko Elijah , Opoku Michael , Li Yusheng , Li Ming-Qing
Published: January 2024

The cavovarus deformity is a pathological condition characterised by an anomalous elevation of the longitudinal arch. This condition results from a significant hindfoot varus and forefoot equinus deformity. This phenomenon comprises diverse anomalies and therapies and exhibits a prevalence of 25% within the populace.

A thorough clinical evaluation is required to identify deformities in the cavovarus foot. Weight-bearing radiographs play a crucial role in identifying the apex of deformity and quantifying the required extent of correction.

Cavus feet are frequently linked with neurological conditions affecting sensory and motor nerves. Identifying the optimal treatment for individual patients necessitates the performance of clinical and radiographic evaluations. Inaccurate diagnosis of a neurological disorder can lead to inappropriate surgical intervention, relapse, and inadequate reconstruction. When faced with progressive anomalies, it is crucial to implement a phased surgical protocol promptly to avoid exacerbating malalignment. Various surgical procedures have been recorded, including soft tissue releases, tendon transfers, osteotomies, and arthrodesis, which are selected based on the nature and extent of the deformity assessment findings, with the ultimate goal of reaching a foot that is both plantigrade and balanced.

Due to a lack of research on this topic, the present review aims to furnish the most recent literature update on the manifestation, imaging evaluation, and optimal therapeutic interventions currently accessible for individuals afflicted with cavovarus deformities and to assist healthcare providers in selecting the most suitable therapy for paediatric patients with this condition in their routine clinical practice.
AMPK–mTORC1 pathway mediates hepatic IGFBP-1 phosphorylation in glucose deprivation: a potential molecular mechanism of hypoglycemia-induced impaired fetal growth
Authors: Kakadia Jenica H , Khalid Muhammad U , Heinemann Ilka U , Han Victor K
Published: January 2024

Mechanisms underlying limitations in glucose supply that restrict fetal growth are not well established. IGF-1 is an important regulator of fetal growth and IGF-1 bioavailability is markedly inhibited by IGFBP-1 especially when the binding protein is hyperphosphorylated. We hypothesized that the AMPK–mTORC1 pathway increases IGFBP-1 phosphorylation in response to glucose deprivation. Glucose deprivation in HepG2 cells activated AMPK and TSC2, inhibited mTORC1 and increased IGFBP-1 secretion and site-specific phosphorylation. Glucose deprivation also decreased IGF-1 bioavailability and IGF-dependent activation of IGF-1R. AICAR (an AMPK activator) activated TSC2, inhibited mTORC1, and increased IGFBP-1 secretion/phosphorylation. Further, siRNA silencing of either AMPK or TSC2 prevented mTORC1 inhibition and IGFBP-1 secretion and phosphorylation in glucose deprivation. Our data suggest that the increase in IGFBP-1 phosphorylation in response to glucose deprivation is mediated by the activation of AMPK/TSC2 and inhibition of mTORC1, providing a possible mechanistic link between glucose deprivation and restricted fetal growth.
Sobre memorias y ambigüedades. Ernesto Sabato y la noción de “inocentes absolutos” como representación del pasado dictatorial argentino
Authors: Angelone Juan Pablo
Published: January 2024

As president of the Movement for the Recovery of Disappeared Children in the final years of the Argentine dictatorship, as well as in his public function as president of CONADEP from 1983 to 1984, Ernesto Sabato introduced the term "absolute innocents." Initially, he referred to the kidnapped newborn children and then to the disappeared young people. Inscribing the notion of "absolute innocents" in the framework of the reflection on victims of historical massacres and/or genocides and interrogating Sabato's thought on state terrorism, revolutionary violence, and the disappeared, we can affirm that the notion of "absolute innocents" constitutes a representation of the dictatorial past differentiated from the "theory of the two demons." However, it implies, in turn, a "forgetting" of the political identities of the disappeared individuals, especially of those who were members of political-military organizations.
El derecho a la amistad
Authors: Riofrío Martínez-Villalba Juan Carlos
Published: January 2024

In the academy, voices are beginning to advocate for a more robust and individualized recognition of the right to friendship. It is not that in the past the law has not addressed friendship, but the truth is that, until now, it has only done so tangentially and sporadically. This paper aims to address these gaps and provide a comprehensive overview of where this right should be placed. This will be accomplished by proposing definitions, principles, and rules that govern the matter, as well as the rights and duties related to friendship, albeit in a preliminary manner and for the purpose of discussion. Therefore, we believe that a better understanding of the legal scope and limits of this right will be achieved. Certainly, this proposal in this article is undeniably audacious. However, it has been justified, to the extent possible, in various jurisprudential rulings, declarations of human rights, treaties, and regulations of comparative law. All this legal baggage has been compiled, systematized, and developed here to showcase the convenience of providing a more unwavering and better-organized protection for this right.
Las concepciones crítico-alternativas de los derechos humanos: un espacio a la emancipación y la utopía
Authors: Chacón Mata Alfonso
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we will discuss three positions that, from our perspective, represent critical-alternative conceptions of human rights. Specifically, in the context of critical theory, decolonialism, and legal pluralism, we will discover shared elements to consider their affinity in proposing spaces of vision intricately intertwined to struggle, the construction of viable alternatives, and, consequently, the consolidation of utopian horizons. The Latin American sociopolitical experience is pivotal to this conception that we undertake to review.