bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regâib ve Berat Geceleri ile Âşûrâ Günü Namazları ve Rivayetleri
Authors: MOLLAİBRAHİMOĞLU Cemil Cahit
Published: April 2023

Müslümanların derlenip toparlandığı, günahlardan uzaklaşıp ibadetlere daha fazla yoğunlaştığı aylar ve bu aylar içerisinde diğer günlere nazaran daha fazla önem atfettiği günler ve geceler vardır. Receb ayının ilk cuma gecesi olan Regaib gecesi ile şâban ayının on beşinci gecesi olan Berat gecesi ve muharrem ayının onu olan âşûrâ günü bunlardan bir kısmıdır. İslâm dünyasında bu günler ve geceler, oruç, zikir gibi ibadetlerin yanı sıra belli şekilde ve muayyen sûreler okunarak kılınan hususî namazlarla da ihya edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu namazların meşruiyeti, bid’at ve mekruh olup olmadığı âlimler arasında tartışma konusudur. Zira bu namazlara dair rivayetlerin tamamının uydurma olduğu hadis âlimleri tarafından tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte dayandıkları rivayetler uydurma olsa da bu hususî namazların namaz ibadeti ile ilgili genel nasların altına girip girmeyeceği, şer’’i manada bid’at kapsamına dahil olup olmayacağı konusunda görüş ayrılığı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın konusunu zikredilen namazlara dair rivayetler ve görüşler teşkil etmektedir. Çalışmada, öncelikle söz konusu günlerde ve gecelerde kılınan namazlar, bu konuda yapılmış çalışmalar, ilk ortaya çıkışları, bu namazların ve rivayetlerinin zikredildiği kaynaklar ele alınmaktadır. Sonrasında rivayetler tahlile tabi tutulmakta, uydurma rivayete dayanan namazların kılınıp kılınamayacağı hususundaki farklı kanaatler zikredilerek değerlendirilmektedir.
Üsküdarlı Aşkî Dîvân’ında Dînî ve Tasavvufî Muhtevâ
Authors: YAĞCI Süleyman Nuri
Published: April 2023

Türk İslam Edebiyatı sahası içerisinde yer alan dîvân şiirinin kaynakları arasında; âyet-i kerîmeler, hadîs-i şerîfler, peygamberlerin hayat hikâyeleri, dînî ritüeller ve tasavvufî ıstılâhların önemli bir yerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Sade ve samimi bir dille söylediği manzûmeleriyle 16. yüzyıl dîvân şiirinin önde gelen şâirlerinden olan Üsküdarlı Aşkî de; mutasavvıf bir şâir olmamasına rağmen bahsi geçen pek çok dînî ve tasavvufî kavramı çeşitli vesîlelerle manzûmelerinde kullanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Üsküdarlı Aşkî’nin Dîvân’ında geçen dînî ve tasavvufî kelime, tâbir ve kavramlar belirlenerek fişlenmiştir. Ardından dinî ve tasavvufî mânâda ortak anlam ve imgelere sahip kelime, tâbir ve kavramlar bir araya getirilerek kendi içerisinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Kendi içerisinden sınıflandırılan bu kavramlar metin içerisinde toplu olarak verildikten sonra saptanan bu unsurların Aşkî`nin manzûmelerinde nasıl ve ne şekilde kullanıldıkları, müellif tarafından bu kavramlara ne mânâlar yüklendiği, bu kavramların ne gibi hayallere konu edildiği bazı örnek beyitler ve bu beyitlerin açıklamaları verilerek tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Mirapedia: redescubriendo las narrativas en torno al patrimonio cultural desde el asociacionismo 2.0 en el Noreste de Córdoba (Argentina)
Authors: Martin Silva Valeria Belén
Published: April 2023

Se presenta la propuesta de Mirapedia, un repositorio participativo basado en el recurso wiki sobre los patrimonios de Miramar de Ansenuza (Córdoba, Argentina). Partiendo de esta plataforma y a través de las herramientas de la Investigación Acción-Participativa (IAP) se busca cuidar la memoria local a partir de priorizar las necesidades comunitarias en el medio rural, revalorizando las singularidades patrimoniales que componen el paisaje cultural local.

Asimismo, se reflexiona sobre los elementos innovativos y desafíos que presenta este recurso participativo.
Adding fish waste to the diet of Iceland scallop Chlamys islandica: effects on feeding and reproductive ability
Authors: Grefsrud ES , Arendse DCZ , Meier S , Olsen SA , Andersen S
Published: April 2023

Organic enrichment from fish farming may impact benthic species and habitats in adjacent areas. Norwegian salmon farming is continuously growing, but, due to area conflicts and severe sea-lice problems in the western areas, growth of the industry is focused in the northern areas. Knowledge is scarce on how an increase in fish farming will impact Arctic and subarctic species and habitats. One such species is the Iceland scallop Chlamys islandica, distributed from the Lofoten Islands in Nordland County to the Varangerfjord in Troms and Finnmark County. To study the impact of fine-particle fish faeces on feeding and reproductive ability in adult Iceland scallop, particles <41 µm of finfish waste were added to the diet. Effects were tested via short-term (weeks) feeding studies using 2 diets, 100% cultured algal species and a 50% mix of algae and fish waste. In addition, a 100% fish waste diet was used to study longer-term effects on reproductive ability (months). Feeding (% particle clearance and feeding rate) on the microalgae diet tended to be higher than that on the diet containing fish waste, but the difference was significant only in 2 out of 4 cases. We did not find any effect of diets on reproductive ability (gonad development and fatty acid profiles) of scallops. Lack of knowledge on sufficient food levels for gonad maturation in this species may have affected the results. We suggest that future work includes the transplant of scallops from a reference site to fish production sites and that investigations begin immediately after spawning early in scallop gonad development.
Strategies and challenges in addressing ethical issues in the hospital context: A phenomenological study of nurse team leaders
Authors: Nopita Wati Ni Made , Juanamasta I Gede , Thongsalab Jutharat , Yunibhand Jintana
Published: April 2023

Background: Nurse team leaders encounter considerable ethical challenges that necessitate using effective strategies to overcome them. However, there is a lack of research exploring the experiences of nurse team leaders in Indonesia who face ethical dilemmas in their professional duties.
Objective: This study aimed to explore nurse team leaders’ experiences regarding strategies and challenges in dealing with ethical problems in hospital settings in Indonesia.
Methods: This qualitative study employed a hermeneutic phenomenology design. Online semi-structured interviews were conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 among 14 nurse team leaders selected using a snowball sampling from seven hospitals (three public and four private hospitals). Van Manen’s approach was used for data analysis.
Results: The strategies for overcoming ethical dilemmas included (i) seeking the facts, (ii) stepping back, (iii) considering support, and (iv) standing by patients. The challenges for the nurse team leaders in resolving ethical problems consisted of (i) seniority, (ii) trust issue, and (iii) lack of reflection and ethics training.
Conclusion: Nurse team leaders recognize their specific roles in the midst of ethical challenges and seek strategies to deal with them. However, a negative working environment might impact ethical behavior and compromise the provision of quality care. Therefore, it is imperative for hospital management to take note of these findings and address issues related to seniority by providing regular ethics training and group reflection sessions to maintain nurses' ethical knowledge in hospital practice. Such interventions can support nurse team leaders in resolving ethical dilemmas and provide a conducive environment for ethical decision-making, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
The Use of Porter’s Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy for Hospital Sustainability
Authors: Avininda Dewi Nindiasari  , Andini Larasati Widodo  , Amara Mulia Lumaku
Published: April 2023

The Use of Porter’s Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy for Hospital Sustainability
Purpose: To describe the sustainability strategy at Sehat Medika Hospital
Method: This is qualitative research using Porter's CSR strategy which was obtained through interviews, observation and document review using triangulation techniques.
Results: The results show that Sehat Medika Hospital has implemented CSR activities. The strategy made also describes the sustainability of the Hospital
Novelty: This paper is a pioneering initiative in looking at the extent to which public hospitals are carrying out economic, social, and environmental activities in a sustainable manner through Porter's CSR strategy.
Contribution: Through the preparation of a sustainability strategy, it is expected to be able to provide better accountability for the sustainability of the Sehat Medika Hospital.
Penggunaan Strategi Corporate Social Responsibility Porter untuk Keberlangsungan Rumah Sakit
Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan strategi keberlanjutan di Rumah Sakit Sehat Medika
Metode: Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan strategi CSR Porter yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan telaah dokumen dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RS Sehat Medika telah melaksanakan kegiatan CSR. Strategi yang dibuat juga menggambarkan keberlanjutan Rumah Sakit
Kebaruan: Makalah ini merupakan inisiatif perintis dalam melihat sejauh mana rumah sakit umum melakukan kegiatan ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan secara berkelanjutan melalui strategi CSR Porter.
Kontribusi: Melalui penyusunan strategi keberlanjutan diharapkan mampu memberikan akuntabilitas yang lebih baik untuk keberlanjutan Rumah Sakit Sehat Medika.
Pencegahan Kecurangan di Pemerintah Desa melalui Moralitas Individual
Authors: Biduri Sarwenda , Ferisanti Rizka Aulia , Sigit Hermawan
Published: April 2023

Fraud Prevention in Village Government through Individual Morality 
Purpose: The aims to determine impact of village apparatus competence, whistleblowing, internal control, financial reporting observance in preventing fraud with individual morality as moderating variable.
Method: Quantitative approach was employed by distributing questionnaires to twenty four villages. 
Results: The competence of village apparatus cannot influence fraud prevention. Whistleblowing, internal control and financial reporting compliance have effect on fraud reduction. Individual morality does not moderate the competence of village apparatus, whistleblowing and the internal control for fraud prevention.
Novelty:  Individual morality can moderate compliance with financial reporting.
Contribution: To prevent fraud, it is necessary to increase the competence of village apparatus, whistleblowing, internal control and compliance with sustainable financial reporting.
Pencegahan Kecurangan di Pemerintah Desa melalui Moralitas Individual 
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi aparatur desa, whistleblowing, pengendalian internal, kepatuhan pelaporan keuangan dalam pencegahan kecurangan dengan moralitas individu sebagai variabel pemoderasi.
Metode: Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner ke dua puluh empat desa.
Hasil: Kompetensi aparatur desa tidak dapat mempengaruhi pencegahan kecurangan. Whistleblowing, pengendalian internal dan kepatuhan pelaporan keuangan berpengaruh terhadap pengurangan kecurangan. Moralitas individu tidak memoderasi kompetensi perangkat desa, whistleblowing, dan pengendalian internal untuk pencegahan kecurangan.
Kebaruan: Moralitas individu dapat memoderasi kepatuhan terhadap pelaporan keuangan.
Kontribusi: Untuk mencegah terjadinya kecurangan, diperlukan peningkatan kompetensi aparatur desa, whistleblowing, internal control dan kepatuhan terhadap pelaporan keuangan secara berkelanjutan.
Pengejawantahan Teori Psikoanalitik pada Etika Bisnis
Authors: Shabrina Rahutami Nur Amalia
Published: April 2023

The Embodiment of Psychoanalytic Theory in Business Ethics

This article aims to review how the manifestation of psychoanalytic theory in explaining unethical behavior in business organizations is demonstrated through an approach to stakeholder theory. The research method uses literature study. This literature study involves secondary data sources, such as books, journals, previous research articles, mass media, and electronic media. Ten needs of human neurosis according to the psychoanalytic theory of Karen Horney, then classified into five managerial styles formulated by Kats de Vries (1984). Five managerial styles in the company's operations must find stakeholder problems which according to stakeholder theory consist of three main problems. Three major problems with stakeholder theory ultimately lead to five ethical failures. Previous research on fraud has always referred to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory which is the conscious side of humans. However, by following the path of Karen Horney's psychoanalytic theory that carries the human subconscious side, the understanding of fraud becomes different by considering the needs of human neurosis. This study examines the failure of business ethics from the side of the human subconscious (neurosis).

Pengejawantahan Teori Psikoanalitik Pada Etika Bisnis

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau bagaimana manifestasi teori psikoanalitik dalam menjelaskan perilaku tidak etis dalam organisasi bisnis ditunjukkan melalui pendekatan teori pemangku kepentingan. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi literatur. Studi literatur ini melibatkan sumber data sekunder, seperti buku, jurnal, artikel penelitian terdahulu, media massa, dan media elektronik. Sepuluh kebutuhan neurosis manusia menurut teori psikoanalitik Karen Horney, kemudian diklasifikasikan ke dalam lima gaya manajerial yang dirumuskan oleh Kats de Vries (1984). Lima gaya manajerial dalam operasi perusahaan harus menemukan masalah pemangku kepentingan yang menurut teori pemangku kepentingan terdiri dari tiga masalah utama. Tiga masalah utama dengan teori pemangku kepentingan pada akhirnya menyebabkan lima kegagalan etis. Penelitian sebelumnya tentang penipuan selalu mengacu pada teori psikoanalitik Sigmund Freud yang merupakan sisi sadar manusia. Namun, dengan mengikuti jalan teori psikoanalitik Karen Horney yang mengusung sisi bawah sadar manusia, pemahaman tentang penipuan menjadi berbeda dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan neurosis manusia. Studi ini mengkaji kegagalan etika bisnis dari sisi alam bawah sadar manusia (neurosis).
Penerapan Perpajakan pada Status Badan Hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa
Authors: Nugrahaningsih Putri , Arista Denty , Rahmawati Labbaika Dwi Ayu , Setyaningsih Titik
Published: April 2023

Application of Taxation to Legal Entity Status of Village-Owned Enterprises

Purpose: The article explores information and problems in the application of taxation on the legal status of Village-Owned Enterprises.

Method: Descriptive qualitative method.

Results: The first is BUMDes has been registered with corporate taxpayers and has PPh objects chapter 4 number 2 which include rental of buildings and land which are classified as subject to final tax. Second, tax recording and reporting is still simple, accounting systems are not yet integrated, tax calculations still do not match regulations.

Novelty: This article has exerted efforts to test the position of BUMDes as a legal entity and to analyze the extent of tax implementation.

Contribution: The implementation of BUMDes administration and tax reporting is achieved according to regulatory principles.

 

Penerapan Perpajakan pada Status Badan Hukum Badan Usaha Milik Desa

Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan menggali informasi dan permasalahan dalam implementasi perpajakan pada status badan hukum BUMDes.

Metode: Metode deskriptif kualitatif.

Hasil: Pertama, BUMDes sudah terdaftar WP Badan dan memiliki objek PPh pasal 4 (2) yang meliputi persewaan bangunan dan tanah yang tergolong dikenakan pajak final. Kedua, pencatatan dan pelaporan perpajakan masih sederhana, sistem akuntansi belum terintegrasi, perhitungan pajak masih tidak sesuai ketentuan.

Kebaruan: Penelitian ini telah berupaya mengupas tuntas kedudukan BUMDes sebagai badan hukum serta menganalisis sejauh mana implementasi perpajakannya.

Kontribusi: Implementasi administrasi BUMDes dan tercapai pelaporan perpajakan yang sesuai kaidah peraturan.
Karakteristik Perusahaan dan Tax Avoidance: Studi pada Industri Perbankan Asia Tenggara
Authors: Nindya Alifia Ain , Supriyati  , Murdiawati Dewi , Prananjaya Kadek Pranetha
Published: April 2023

Corporate Caracteristics and Tax Avoidance: a Sudy of Banking Industry in South East Asia
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the characteristics of the company on tax avoidance. The trend of sub-optimal profits and demands for financial performance in the banking sector support tax avoidance as an alternative choice in banking strategy.
Method: This study uses regression testing with a sample of 152 industrial data in Southeast Asia.
Results: The results show that profitability and capital intensity have an effect on tax avoidance. 
Novelty: The novelty in this research lies in the measurement of financial performance where the banking industry has measurements that are different from other industrial sectors. 
Contributions: The contribution of research to the world of banking is that it is hoped that optimal earnings management policies will emerge in ensuring the sustainability of public funds.
 
Karakteristik Perusahaan dan Tax Avoidance: Studi pada Industri Perbankan Asia Tenggara
Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakteristik perusahaan dalam penghindaran pajak. Kecenderungan keuntungan yang belum optimal dan tuntutan kinerja keuangan di sektor perbankan mendukung penghindaran pajak sebagai pilihan alternatif dalam strategi perbankan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji regresi dengan sampel 152 data industri di Asia Tenggara.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan intensitas modal berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Kebaruan: Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini terletak pada pengukuran kinerja keuangan dimana industri perbankan memiliki ukuran yang berbeda dengan sektor industri lainnya.
Kontribusi: Kontribusi penelitian kepada dunia perbankan diharapkan akan muncul kebijakan manajemen laba yang optimal dalam menjamin kesinambungan dana masyarakat.
UK Reference Intervals for Parathyroid Hormone Using Abbott Methods
Authors: Mirzazadeh Mehdi , Webster Craig , Weerasinghe Gayani , Morris Thomas , James Tim , Shine Brian
Published: April 2023

Background: Diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism requires measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the context of the plasma calcium and other factors, such as vitamin D status and renal function. Accurate classification depends upon an appropriate population reference interval. We examined local population plasma PTH reference intervals at four different UK sites using a common platform.

Methods: Plasma PTH results were extracted from laboratory information systems at four different UK sites, all using the Abbott Architect i2000 method. We included only people with normal adjusted serum calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, and renal function. Following outlier rejection lower and upper reference limits were derived.

Results: An overall reference interval for plasma PTH of 3.0–13.7 pmol/L was observed using a non-parametric approach compared to 2.9–14.1 pmol/L using a parametric approach, notably higher than the manufacturer’s representative range of 1.6–7.2 pmol/L. We also noted statistically significant differences (p < 0.00001) between some sites with upper limits ranging from 11.5 to 15.8 pmol/L which may be due to different population characteristics of each group.

Conclusion: Locally derived reference intervals may be beneficial for UK populations and revised upper thresholds are necessary when using the Abbott PTH method to avoid inappropriate classification of patients as having hyperparathyroidism.
Low-intensity focused ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction reduces tumor blood supply and sensitizes anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy
Authors: Wu Nianhong , Cao Yuting , Liu Ying , Zhou Ying , He Hongye , Tang Rui , Wan Li , Wang Can , Xiong Xialin , Zhong Linhong , Li Pan
Published: April 2023

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) typified by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies as a revolutionary treatment for solid malignancies has been limited to a subset of patients due to poor immunogenicity and inadequate T cell infiltration. Unfortunately, no effective strategies combined with ICB therapy are available to overcome low therapeutic efficiency and severe side effects. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an effective and safe technique holding the promise to decrease tumor blood perfusion and activate anti-tumor immune response based on the cavitation effect. Herein, we demonstrated a novel combinatorial therapeutic modality combining low-intensity focused ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (LIFU-TMD) with PD-L1 blockade. LIFU-TMD caused the rupture of abnormal blood vessels to deplete tumor blood perfusion and induced the tumor microenvironment (TME) transformation to sensitize anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, which markedly inhibited 4T1 breast cancer’s growth in mice. We discovered immunogenic cell death (ICD) in a portion of cells induced by the cavitation effect from LIFU-TMD, characterized by the increased expression of calreticulin (CRT) on the tumor cell surface. Additionally, flow cytometry revealed substantially higher levels of dendritic cells (DCs) and CD8+ T cells in draining lymph nodes and tumor tissue, as induced by pro-inflammatory molecules like IL-12 and TNF-α. These suggest that LIFU-TMD as a simple, effective, and safe treatment option provides a clinically translatable strategy for enhancing ICB therapy.
Phospholipase C: underrated players in microbial infections
Authors: Singh Vinayak , Rai Rupal , Mathew Bijina J. , Chourasia Rashmi , Singh Anirudh K. , Kumar Awanish , Chaurasiya Shivendra K.
Published: April 2023

During bacterial infections, one or more virulence factors are required to support the survival, growth, and colonization of the pathogen within the host, leading to the symptomatic characteristic of the disease. The outcome of bacterial infections is determined by several factors from both host as well as pathogen origin. Proteins and enzymes involved in cellular signaling are important players in determining the outcome of host–pathogen interactions. phospholipase C (PLCs) participate in cellular signaling and regulation by virtue of their ability to hydrolyze membrane phospholipids into di-acyl-glycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3), which further causes the activation of other signaling pathways involved in various processes, including immune response. A total of 13 PLC isoforms are known so far, differing in their structure, regulation, and tissue-specific distribution. Different PLC isoforms have been implicated in various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases; however, their roles in infectious diseases are not clearly understood. Many studies have suggested the prominent roles of both host and pathogen-derived PLCs during infections. PLCs have also been shown to contribute towards disease pathogenesis and the onset of disease symptoms. In this review, we have discussed the contribution of PLCs as a determinant of the outcome of host-pathogen interaction and pathogenesis during bacterial infections of human importance.
Central extracorporeal circulatory life support (cECLS) in selected patients with critical cardiogenic shock
Authors: Schmack Leonie , Schmack Bastian , Papathanasiou Maria , Al-Rashid Fadi , Weymann Alexander , Pizanis Nikolaus , Kamler Markus , Ruhparwar Arjang , Rassaf Tienush , Luedike Peter
Published: April 2023

Background

Percutaneous extracorporeal life support (pECLS) is increasingly applied in cardiogenic shock (CS) despite a lack of evidence from randomized trials. The in-hospital mortality rate of pECLS still reaches up to 60%, while vascular access site complications remain a shortcoming. Surgical approaches with central cannulation for ECLS (cELCS) have emerged as a bail-out option. To date, no systematic approach exists that allows a definition of inclusion or exclusion criteria for cECLS.

Methods and results

This single-center, retrospective, case-control study includes all patients fulfilling criteria for CS at the West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen/Germany between 2015 and 2020 who underwent cECLS (n = 58), excluding post-cardiotomy patients. Seventeen patients received cECLS (29.3%) as a first-line treatment strategy and 41 patients as a second-line strategy (70.7%). The main complications leading to the use of cECLS as a second-line strategy were limb ischemia (32.8%) and ongoing insufficient hemodynamic support (27.6%). The first-line cECLS cohort showed a 30-day mortality rate of 53.3% that was constant during follow-up. The 30-day mortality rate of secondary cECLS candidates was 69.8% and the rate at 3 and 6 months was 79.1%. Younger patients (<55 years) were more likely to exhibit survival benefit with cECLS (p = 0.043).

Conclusion

Surgical cECLS in CS is a feasible therapy for highly selected patients with hemodynamic instability, vascular complications, or peripheral access site limitations as complementary strategy in experienced centers.
Case report: Transient lactate elevation by intravenous insulin infusion therapy for diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with mitochondrial DNA 3243 A > G mutation: A glycolysis rebooting syndrome?
Authors: Ohwada Wataru , Kouzu Hidemichi , Sato Tatsuya , Sazawa Kahomi , Matsui Azumi , Nagano Nobutaka , Koyama Masayuki , Ogasawara Noriko , Takada Akifumi , Yano Toshiyuki , Furuhashi Masato
Published: April 2023

Mitochondrial disease, most cases of which are caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation, is present with multiple phenotypes including diabetes mellitus, sensorineural hearing loss, cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness, renal dysfunction, and encephalopathy, depending on the degree of heteroplasmy. While mitochondria play an important role in intracellular glucose and lactate metabolism in insulin-sensitive tissues such as muscles, appropriate strategies for glycemic control have not yet been established in a patient with mitochondrial disease, which is often complicated by myopathy. Here, we describe the history of a 40-year-old man with mtDNA 3243A > G who had sensorineural hearing loss, cardiomyopathy, muscle wasting, and diabetes mellitus with stage 3 chronic kidney disease. He developed mild diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the process of treatment for poor glycemic control with severe latent hypoglycemia. According to the standard therapy for DKA, he was treated with continuous intravenous insulin infusion therapy, which unexpectedly resulted in an abrupt and transient elevation in blood lactate levels without exacerbation of heart failure and kidney function. Since blood lactate levels are determined by the balance between lactate production and consumption, an abrupt and transient lactate elevation following intravenous insulin injection therapy may reflect not only enhanced glycolysis in insulin-sensitive tissues with mitochondrial dysfunction but also decreased lactate consumption in the sarcopenic skeletal muscle and failing heart. Intravenous insulin infusion therapy in patients with mitochondrial disease may unmask derangements of intracellular glucose metabolism in response to insulin signaling.
The purpose, adaptability, confidence, and engrossment model: A novel approach for supporting professional trainees’ motivation, engagement, and academic achievement
Authors: Gavarkovs Adam G. , Kusurkar Rashmi A. , Brydges Ryan
Published: April 2023

Trainees often decide to pursue a career in the professions because they see it as a means to attain their life goals: to become the kind of person they want to be, to live the kind of life they want to lead, and to make the kind of impact they want to have on the world. The life goals trainees pursue through a professional career are derived from their conception of their ideal self and are thus the most important and self-defining goals that they possess. In this article, we propose a novel approach for designing training activities to harness the motivational potential of professional trainees’ life goals, toward supporting their deep engagement in training activities. We propose that activities can be designed to help trainees make links between (1) the concepts and skills covered in an activity, (2) the professional practice behaviors that an activity prepares them to enact, and (3) the life goals that are served by enacting these professional practice behaviors. Informed by Control Theory and Self-Determination Theory, we predict that this design may promote trainees’ adoption of activity-specific goals that emphasize deep understanding, long-term retention, and transfer, and enhance their autonomous motivation to attain their goals. However, there are some situations when this design may be less effective for, or even harmful to, trainees’ motivation. Specifically, we predict that helping trainees establish a purpose for learning by linking an activity to their life goals may be most effective when they can adapt an activity to best align with their purpose, when they are confident in their ability to attain their activity-specific goal, and when they become engrossed in an activity because it affords interest- and curiosity-stimulating actions. We package our theoretical analysis into the PACE model of motivational design. When our predictions are supported by more empirical evidence, the model can help educators set the PACE for trainees, thereby motivating them to engage deeply in training activities.
Skill components of higher education in the era of sustainable development: an analytical study among university students in Qatar
Authors: Alshawi Ali A. Hadi , Ali Abdel-Samad M. , Raïq Hicham
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The present study investigates the status of education for sustainable development (ESD) as an approach applied to higher education. This study proposes cognitive, behavioral, and socio-emotional learning as the three dimensions of ESD. It examines the extent to which the current curriculum and educational structures applied by Qatar University (QU) contribute to sustainable development (SD) skills in students' attitudes.

Methods

Data from 319 students were collected. Factor analysis was performed to regroup skill items within the consistent dimensions of 16 core skills. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between core skills and the five SD skills.

Findings

Five logistic regression models were investigated. Model 1 found two predictors that only increase the odds of innovative thinking skills. Model 2 detected five predictors that increase the odds of critical thinking skills. Model 3 defined three predictors that increase the odds of resolving problem skills. Model 4 mentioned four predictors that increase the odds of communication/coordination skills. Model 5 showed two predictors that increase the odds of decision-making skills.

Research implications

This study introduces new core skills that have been reclassified based on students' real-world experiences. Such findings may help target specific skills and bring significant changes in higher education outcomes.
Association of circulating omentin level and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Qin , Chen Shuaihang , Ke Yani , Li Qicong , Shen Chenglu , Ruan Yuting , Wu Kaihan , Hu Jie , Liu Shan
Published: April 2023

Background

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is closely associated with omentin, a novel adipokine that plays a vital role in metabolic balance. The literature about the relationship between circulating omentin and MAFLD is conflicting. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluated circulating omentin levels in patients with MAFLD compared with healthy controls to explore the role of omentin in MAFLD.

Methods

The literature search was performed up to April 8, 2022, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, Clinical Trials Database and Grey Literature Database. This meta-analysis pooled the statistics in Stata and presented the overall results using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Twelve studies with 1624 individuals (927 cases and 697 controls) were included, and all of them were case-control studies. In addition, ten of twelve included studies were conducted on Asian participants. Patients with MAFLD had significantly lower circulating omentin levels than healthy controls (SMD=-0.950 [-1.724, -0.177], P=0.016). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression demonstrated that fasting blood glucose (FBG) might be the source of heterogeneity and was inversely associated with omentin levels (coefficient=-0.538, P=0.009). No significant publication bias existed (P>0.05), and outcomes were robust in the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion

Lower circulating omentin levels were associated with MAFLD, and FBG might be the source of heterogeneity. Since Asian studies accounted for a significant portion of the meta-analysis, the conclusion might be more applicable to the Asian population. By investigating the relationship between omentin and MAFLD, this meta-analysis laid the foundation for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and treatment targets.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022316369.
Four novel variants identified in primary hyperoxaluria and genotypic and phenotypic analysis in 21 Chinese patients
Authors: Xin Qing , Dong Yameng , Guo Wencong , Zhao Xiangzhong , Liu Zhiying , Shi Xiaomeng , Lang Yanhua , Shao Leping
Published: April 2023

Background: Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of oxalate in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes due to allelic and clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to analyze the genotype of 21 Chinese patients with primary hyperoxaluria (PH) and explore their correlations between genotype and phenotype.

Methods: Combined with clinical phenotypic and genetic analysis, we identified 21 PH patients from highly suspected Chinese patients. The clinical, biochemical, and genetic data of the 21 patients were subsequently reviewed.

Results: We reported 21 cases of PH in China, including 12 cases of PH1, 3 cases of PH2 and 6 cases of PH3, and identified 2 novel variants (c.632T > G and c.823_824del) in AGXT gene and 2 novel variants (c.258_272del and c.866-34_866-8del) in GRHPR gene, respectively. A possible PH3 hotspot variant c.769T > G was identified for the first time. In addition, patients with PH1 showed higher levels of creatinine and lower eGFR than those with PH2 and PH3. In PH1, patients with severe variants in both alleles had significantly higher creatinine and lower eGFR than other patients. Delayed diagnosis still existed in some late-onset patients. Of all cases, 6 had reached to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) at diagnosis with systemic oxalosis. Five patients were on dialysis and three had undergone kidney or liver transplants. Notably, four patients showed a favorable therapeutic response to vitamin B6, and c.823_824dup and c.145A > C may be identified as potentially vitamin B6-sensitive genotypes.

Conclusion: In brief, our study identified 4 novel variants and extended the variant spectrum of PH in the Chinese population. The clinical phenotype was characterized by large heterogeneity, which may be determined by genotype and a variety of other factors. We first reported two variants that may be sensitive to vitamin B6 therapy in Chinese population, providing valuable references for clinical treatment. In addition, early screening and prognosis of PH should be given more attention. We propose to establish a large-scale registration system for rare genetic diseases in China and call for more attention on rare kidney genetic diseases.
RNA methylation pattern and immune microenvironment characteristics mediated by m6A regulator in ischemic stroke
Authors: Jia Kejuan , Xia Wenbo , Su Qian , Yang Shiqi , Zhang Yanli , Ni Xunran , Su Zhiqiang , Meng Delong
Published: April 2023

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly heterogeneous disease. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic variables affect the immune response. However, only a few studies have examined the relationship between IS and m6A immunoregulation. Therefore, we aim to explore the methylation of RNA mediated by m6A regulatory factor and the immune microenvironment characteristics of IS.

Methods: Differentially expressed m6A regulators were detected in IS microarray datasets GSE22255 and GSE58294. We used a series of machine learning algorithms to identify key IS-related m6A regulators and validated them on blood samples of IS patients, oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) microglia and GSE198710 independent data sets. Different m6A modification modes were determined and the patients were classified. In addition, we systematically associate these modification patterns with the characteristics of immune microenvironment, including infiltrating immune cells, immune function genes and immune response genes. Then we developed a model of m6A score to quantify the m6A modification in IS samples.

Results: Through the analysis of the differences between the control group and IS patients, METTL16, LRPPRC, and RBM15 showed strong diagnostic significance in three independent data sets. In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blotting also confirmed that the expression of METTL16 and LRPPRC was downregulated and the expression of RBM15 was upregulated after ischemia. Two m6A modification modes and two m6A gene modification modes were also identified. m6A gene cluster A (high m6A value group) was positively correlated with acquired immunity, while m6A gene cluster B (low m6A value group) was positively correlated with innate immunity. Similarly, five immune-related hub genes were significantly associated with m6Acore (CD28, IFNG, LTF, LCN2, and MMP9).

Conclusion: The modification of m6A is closely related to the immune microenvironment. The evaluation of individual m6A modification pattern may be helpful for future immunomodulatory therapy of anti-ischemic response.
Immune microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma: Biological concepts and treatment strategies
Authors: Yu Xianzhe , Zhu Lingling , Wang Ting , Chen Jiang
Published: April 2023

Cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by a poor prognosis with limited treatment and management options. Chemotherapy using gemcitabine with cisplatin is the only available first-line therapy for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, although it offers only palliation and yields a median survival of < 1 year. Recently there has been a resurgence of immunotherapy studies focusing on the ability of immunotherapy to inhibit cancer growth by impacting the tumor microenvironment. Based on the TOPAZ-1 trial, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved the combination of durvalumab and gemcitabine with cisplatin as the first-line treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. However, immunotherapy, like immune checkpoint blockade, is less effective in cholangiocarcinoma than in other types of cancer. Although several factors such as the exuberant desmoplastic reaction are responsible for cholangiocarcinoma treatment resistance, existing literature on cholangiocarcinoma cites the inflammatory and immunosuppressive environment as the most common factor. However, mechanisms activating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment contributing to cholangiocarcinoma drug resistance are complicated. Therefore, gaining insight into the interplay between immune cells and cholangiocarcinoma cells, as well as the natural development and evolution of the immune tumor microenvironment, would provide targets for therapeutic intervention and improve therapeutic efficacy by developing multimodal and multiagent immunotherapeutic approaches of cholangiocarcinoma to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the role of the inflammatory microenvironment-cholangiocarcinoma crosstalk and reinforce the importance of inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment, thereby highlighting the explanatory and therapeutic shortcomings of immunotherapy monotherapy and proposing potentially promising combinational immunotherapeutic strategies.
Impaired SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response in patients with severe COVID-19
Authors: Rümke Lidewij W. , Smit Wouter L. , Bossink Ailko , Limonard Gijs J. M. , Muilwijk Danya , Haas Lenneke E. M. , Reusken Chantal , van der Wal Sanne , Thio Bing J. , van Os Yvonne M. G. , Gremmels Hendrik , Beekman Jeffrey M. , Nijhuis Monique , Wensing Annemarie M. J. , Heron Michiel , Thijsen Steven F. T.
Published: April 2023

Cellular immune responses are of pivotal importance to understand SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) interferon-γ release assay with wild-type spike, membrane and nucleocapsid peptide pools, we longitudinally characterized functional SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses in a cohort of patients with mild, moderate and severe COVID-19. All patients were included before emergence of the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. Our most important finding was an impaired development of early IFN-γ-secreting virus-specific T-cells in severe patients compared to patients with moderate disease, indicating that absence of virus-specific cellular responses in the acute phase may act as a prognostic factor for severe disease. Remarkably, in addition to reactivity against the spike protein, a substantial proportion of the SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response was directed against the conserved membrane protein. This may be relevant for diagnostics and vaccine design, especially considering new variants with heavily mutated spike proteins. Our data further strengthen the hypothesis that dysregulated adaptive immunity plays a central role in COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xian Feng , Ren Dacheng , Bie Jun , Xu Guohui
Published: April 2023

Background

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is highly expressed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) tissues. But there is still a dispute over the prognostic value of PD-L1 in patients with ICC. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in patients with ICC.

Methods

We performed a meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines. We searched the literature from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to December 5, 2022. Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to analyze the overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and time to relapse. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger’s test.

Results

Ten trials with 1944 cases were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the low-PD-L1 group had a statistically significant advantage in OS (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.38–1.79, P <0.00001), RFS (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.34–1.97, P <0.00001), and time to relapse (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25–2.05, P = 0.0002) compared with the high-PD-L1 group. High programmed cell death (PD1)levels, on the other hand, were correlated with poorer OS (HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.43–2.70; P <0.0001) and RFS (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.21–2.91; P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that PD-L1 could act as an independent predictor for OS (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.14–1.91; P = 0.003) and RFS (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.22–2.47; P = 0.002), and PD1 acted as an independent predictor for OS (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.15–2.38; P = 0.006).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis demonstrated that high PD-L1/PD1 expression is associated with poor survival in ICC. PD-L1/PD1 may be a valuable prognostic and predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in ICC.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022380093.
Monocyte subpopulations display disease-specific miRNA signatures depending on the subform of Spondyloarthropathy
Authors: Stec Małgorzata , Czepiel Marcin , Lenart Marzena , Piestrzyńska-Kajtoch Agata , Plewka Jacek , Bieniek Agnieszka , Węglarczyk Kazimierz , Szatanek Rafał , Rutkowska-Zapała Magdalena , Guła Zofia , Kluczewska Anna , Baran Jarosław , Korkosz Mariusz , Siedlar Maciej
Published: April 2023

Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are a family of rheumatic disorders that could be divided into axial (axSpA) and peripheral (perSpA) sub-forms depending on the disease clinical presentation. The chronic inflammation is believed to be driven by innate immune cells such as monocytes, rather than self-reactive cells of adaptive immune system. The aim of the study was to investigate the micro-RNA (miRNA) profiles in monocyte subpopulations (classical, intermediate and non-classical subpopulations) acquired from SpA patients or healthy individuals in search for prospective disease specific and/or disease subtype differentiating miRNA markers. Several SpA-specific and axSpA/perSpA differentiating miRNAs have been identified that appear to be characteristic for specific monocyte subpopulation. For classical monocytes, upregulation of miR-567 and miR-943 was found to be SpA-specific, whereas downregulation of miR-1262 could serve as axSpA-differentiating, and the expression pattern of miR-23a, miR-34c, mi-591 and miR-630 as perSpA-differentiating markers. For intermediate monocytes, expression levels of miR-103, miR-125b, miR-140, miR-374, miR-376c and miR-1249 could be used to distinguish SpA patients from healthy donors, whereas the expression pattern of miR-155 was identified as characteristic for perSpA. For non-classical monocytes, differential expression of miR-195 was recognized as general SpA indicator, while upregulation of miR-454 and miR-487b could serve as axSpA-differentiating, and miR-1291 as perSpA-differentiating markers. Our data indicate for the first time that in different SpA subtypes, monocyte subpopulations bear disease-specific miRNA signatures that could be relevant for SpA diagnosis/differentiation process and may help to understand SpA etiopathology in the context of already known functions of monocyte subpopulations.
Neuroimmune regulation in Hirschsprung’s disease associated enterocolitis
Authors: Ji Haosen , Lai Dengming , Tou Jinfa
Published: April 2023

Neuroimmune pathways are important part of the regulation of inflammatory response. Nerve cells regulate the functions of various immune cells through neurotransmitters, and then participate in the inflammatory immune response. Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is a congenital abnormal development of intestinal neurons, and Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a common complication, which seriously affects the quality of life and even endangers the lives of children. Neuroimmune regulation mediates the occurrence and development of enteritis, which is an important mechanism. However, there is a lack of review on the role of Neuroimmune regulation in enterocolitis associated with Hirschsprung’s disease. Therefore, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the interaction between intestinal nerve cells and immune cells, reviews the neuroimmune regulation mechanism of Hirschsprung’s disease associated enterocolitis (HAEC), and looks forward to the potential clinical application value.