bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact Green's Function for the Finite Rectangular Potential Well in One Dimension
Authors: Baltin R.
Published: September 2020

For the one-dimensional potential well with finite height V0( V0 > 0 or V0 < 0) the exact Green's function G is calculated by solving the differential equation. The poles of G in the complex energy plane are shown to coincide with the solutions to the Schrödinger eigenvalue equation for this potential. The well-known Green's functions for the special cases of the free particle and of the particle in an infinitely high potential box are recovered.
CH3 Rotational Tunnelling in Alkali Acetates and Correlation between NMR Spin-Lattice Relaxation and Neutron Scattering Data
Authors: Montjoie A.-S. , Miiller-Warmuth W.
Published: September 2020

NMR spin-lattice relaxation rates l / T1 have been measured at 15 and 30 MHz and various temperatures in polycristalline sodium and potassium acetate. The results for CH3COONa are characteristic of methyl group tunnelling with a frequency which is very much larger than the NMR Larmor frequency. Derived values of the torsion energy (1.1 kJ/mol) and the ground state tunnel splitting (5.6 meV) agree with data obtained from inelastic neutron scattering by Clough et al. The shape of the hindering potential and the activation energy for classical reorientation (3.2 kJ/mol) have been determined. Since the relaxation rate of CH3COOK is a superposition of at least two mechanisms, in this case the results are less accurate and refer to one type of CH3 rotor only: activation energy 5.4 kJ/mol, tunnel splitting 0.23 meV. Comparison is made between tunnel splittings and classical activation energies for the acetates and various other materials: strong correlations are demonstrated and discussed.
A Reactive System with Diffusive Transport Displaying Two Different Symmetry-Breaking Dissipative Structures
Authors: Fernández Ariel , Sinanoğlu Oktay
Published: September 2020

An open reactive system is modelled by coupling the chemical kinetics to diffuse transport. This system operates far from the regime of linear irreversible thermodynamics. The kinetics correspond to a certain region in the parameter space of the Oregonator for which two symmetrybreakdowns occur:

a) A periodic orbit contained in an unstable manifold of the phase space. This solution is invariant under time-translations generated by a period.

b) A spatial stationary dissipative structure. This solution is invariant under a subgroup of the space symmetry group.

The initial time periodicity of the system is followed by a spatial pattern.

The restriction to the center manifold in the phase space allows to reduce an infinitedimensional problem for the bifurcation of a semiflow to a finite dimensional system of ordinary differential equations. The ranges in the control concentrations for this dynamics is found in accord with the experimental values. We also demonstrate that if the vessel is stirred after the Turing pattern has emerged, the freezed wave is destroyed and the time-periodic behavior is achieved again.
Qualitative Properties of Autocatalytic Reactions Occurring in a Flow System
Authors: Kim Sang H. , Hlavacek Vladimir
Published: September 2020

The dynamic behavior of an autocatalytic reaction with a product inhibition term is studied in a flow system. A unique steady state exists in the continuous tank reactor. Linear stability analysis predicts either a stable node, a focus or an unstable saddle-focus. Sustained oscillations around the unstable focus can occur for high values of the Damköhler number (Da). In the distributed system, travelling, standing or complex oscillatory waves are detected. For a low value of Da, travelling waves with a pseudo-constant pattern are observed. With an intermediate value of Da, single or multiple standing waves are obtained. The temporal behavior indicates also the appearance of retriggering or echo waves. For a high value of Da, both single peak and complex multipeak oscillations are found. In the cell model, both regular oscillations near the inlet and chaotic behavior downstream are observed. In the dispersion model, higher Peclet numbers (Pe) eliminate the oscillations. The spatial profile shows a train of pulsating waves for the discrete model and a single pulsating or solitary wave for the continuous model.
An Investigation of Non-Equilibrium Effects in Thermal Argon Plasmas
Authors: Timmermans C. J. , Rosado R. J. , Schram D. C.
Published: September 2020

The parameters and transport properties of a wall stabilized argon arc (40-200 A) at atmospheric pressure with diameters of 5 and 8 mm are studied by spectroscopy and interferometry. The plasma is assumed to be partial local thermal equilibrium and this assumption is verified with the aid of a collisional-radiative model. The departures from Saha-equilibrium of the argon neutral ground state are found to be associated with particle diffusion and the escape of recombination radiation. The measurement of the total excitation rate, from the ground level, including direct ionization, of neutral argon is in reasonable agreement with the literature value.
Phonon Density of States and Debye Temperatures of BCC Transition Metals
Authors: Jani A. R.
Published: September 2020

A screened shell phenomenological model is applied to determine the density of phonon states and Debye temperatures of six bcc transition metals. The theoretical results are discussed in the light of existing experimental and other theoretical data. It has been found that the results obtained in the present study are better than those reported previously on the basis of phenomenological models. Moreover, it should be emphasized that in the present work a fine mesh of 64 000 evenly spaced vector has been employed to generate the phonon frequency spectra.
Internal Cation Mobilities in the Ternary Molten System (Li, Na, K) NO3 of the Eutectic Composition
Authors: Habasaki Junko , Okada Isao
Published: September 2020

With the Klemm method, ratios of internal mobilities in a ternary molten mixture (Li, Na, K) NO3 of the eutectic composition (30-17-53 mol%) have been measured in the temperature range 473 K-673 K. The electric conductivity has been measured with a D. C. method. From these data the internal mobilities, bLi, bNa and bK, have been obtained on the assumption of additivity for the molar volume. In most cases, b is well represented by the following equation which is known to be valid in binary alkali nitrates. Negative deviations from this equation particularly for bK at lower temperature may be attributed to the free space effect, b = {A/(V - V0)} · exp ( - E/RT), where V is the molar volume of the mixture and A, E and V0 are parameters dependent on the cation of interest and independent of temperature and the sort of cocations.
Radiation Chemical Studies of the Oxidation of Aniline in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Qin Ling , Tripathi G. N. R. , Schüler Robert H.
Published: September 2020

Oxidation of aniline in aqueous solution by ·OH radicals proceeds predominantly via addition to the ring followed by elimination of OH- on the microsecond time scale to form the aniline radical cation. Direct oxidation by electron transfer accounts for less than 4% of the ·OH reactions. The different hydroxycyclohexadienyl isomers produced by ·OH addition decay at different rates with this decay catalyzed both by protons and phosphate. In basic solution the resultant radical cation deprotonates to form the anilino radical. The p Ka for the equilibrium between the acidic and basic forms of this radical is 7.05 ± 0.05. Secondary radicals such as Br2·- or N3· oxidize aniline directly by electron transfer and allow rapid preparation of the radical cation even in basic solution, as is conclusively demonstrated by observation of the Raman spectrum of the radical cation on the nanosecond time scale at pH 10.4. The deprotonation process can be followed directly by time resolved absorption spectrophotometry in the pH range of 9 - 11 and is shown to occur via reaction of the radical cation with OH- at a rate constant of 2.2 x 1010 M-1 s-1. Reaction of anilino radical with water is relatively slow (k ~ 2 x 103 s-1). Time resolved Raman methods show that benzidine radical cation is an important tertiary transient, indicating that second order reaction between radical cations results to an appreciable extent from coupling at ring positions.
Polarization Inhomogeneity Effects in Microwave Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
Authors: Stahl W. , Dreizler H.
Published: September 2020

In this paper two new experiments in microwave Fourier transform spectroscopy are presented: The first one gives an experimental evidence of the polarization inhomogeneity that occurs when a microwave pulse passes through a waveguide which is filled with a molecular sample at low pressure. In the second experiment a similar technique is applied to a double resonance experiment in order to show polarization inhomogeneity effects caused by the pump signal. The theoretical treatment is given in terms of the density matrix formalism.
Quantenchemische Rechnungen an Stickstoffbasen Teil 3*. Ab initio- und semiempirische Rechnungen zur Protonenaffinität einiger sekundärer, tertiärer sowie verzweigter primärer aliphatischer Amine
Authors: Heyne Eberhard , Niephaus Herbert , Raabe Gerhard , Schleker Wolfgang , Fleischhauer Jörg
Published: September 2020

Our investigations concerning the protonaffmity of aliphatic amines have been confined so far to primary unbranched species. In order to gain further information about the applicability and the limitations of the statements derived from the results of the previous calculations, we extended our investigations to some tertiary, secondary and branched primary amines. Correlations between the experimental protonaffinities and the Mulliken charges of the nitrogen atom and the NHx-group (x = 0, 1, 2) of the amines, as well as those of the NHx + 1 ,-group of the corresponding ammonium cations have been found. However, these correlations only hold within the different groups of amines (primary, secondary and tertiary) and not between them. A somewhat better correlation throughout all groups is found if one compares the charges of the protons in the NHx + 1-groups of the ammonium cations with the experimental protonaffinities of the parent amines but deviations from the expected order are found in this case, too. This shows the limited value of charges as calculated by the methods used here, in predicting the relative order of protonaffinities of amines if they belong to different groups.
Construction of Differential Equations from Experimental Data
Authors: Cremers J. , Hübler A.
Published: September 2020

A new algorithm to determine the number of degrees of freedom of dynamic systems is presented. To obtain a concise description of an observed chaotic time sequence, an approximation of the flow in a state space representation by series is shown to be useful.
Fields Connected with Particles in Terms of Complex-Riemannian Geometry
Authors: Ławrynowicz Julian , Kędzia Katarzyna , Wojtczak Leszek
Published: September 2020

A complex analytical method of solving the generalised Dirac-Maxwell system has recently been proposed by two of us for a certain class of complex Riemannian metrics. The Dirac equation without the field potential in such a metric appeared to be equivalent to the Dirac-Maxwell system including the field potentials produced by the currents of a particle in question. The method proposed is connected with applying the Fourier transform with respect to the electric charge treated as a variable, with the consideration of the mass as an eigenvalue, and with solving suitable convolution equations. In the present research an explicit calculation based on linearization of the spinor connections is given. The conditions for the motion are interpreted as a starting point to seek selection rules for curved space-times corresponding to actually existing particles. Then the same method is applied to solids. Namely, by a suitable transformation of the configuration space in terms of elements of the interaction matrix corresponding to the Coulomb, exchange, and dipole integrals, the interaction term in the hamiltonian becomes zero, thus leading to experimentally verificable formulae for the autocorrelation time
The gauche-trans Energy Difference of n-Butane from a Doppler Limited Investigation of the 740 cm- 1 CH2-Rocking Region
Authors: Gassier G. , Hüttner W.
Published: September 2020

Tunable diode laser spectra of n-butane gas were recorded in the 740 cm -1 CH2-rocking region using path lengths of typically 300 m, pressures below 1 mbar and temperatures between 170 and 300 K. The spectra are complicated by the overlap of the two trans and gauche rotameric fundamentals, and by a strong absorption background probably caused by the addition of hot-band transitions involving excitation of one or more quanta of the torsion vibrations around the central C - C bond. Analysis was aided by Fourier transform recordings in medium and high resolution and lead to the assignment of rovibrational features close to the band centers at v0 (trans) = (733.5797 ±0.0015) cm -1 and v0(gauche) = (747.5116 ± 0.0018) cm-1 of the trans and gauche rotamers, respectively, and to medium accurate spectroscopic parameters. A statistical evaluation of the temperature dependence of the relative absorption intensities of near-by trans and gauche transitions resulted in the trans-gauche rotameric energy difference of ΔH = (246 ± 18) cm -1 or (2.94 + 0.21) kJ mol-1 . This value is lower than those from previous determinations but still indicates an interesting decrease of the gauche-trans energy difference in going from gas to the liquid state.
Intermolecular Potential Function for Copper (II)-Water Based on ab initio Calculations
Authors: Islam Saiful , Anwander E. H. S. , Probst M. M. , Rode B. M.
Published: September 2020

An analytical pair potential function for the system Cu(II)-water has been derived by means of ab initio calculation of the corresponding energy surface, using double zeta + polarization basis sets and effective core potentials. Tests on the function show that it should be reliable for use in Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics simulations.
The Effect of the H-Bond Interactions on the First Hyperpolarisability of (HF)n. A Comparative Study
Authors: Waite J. , Papadopoulos M. G
Published: September 2020

The effect of H-bond interactions on the first hyperpolarisability (ß) of (HF)„ is discussed. The reported results confirm, computationally, the remarkable sensitivity of this property to intermolecular interactions, which has been found experimentally. Results for the second hyperpolarisability (y) and the total energy (E) are also presented for comparative purposes. The analysis is based on data calculated by the CHFPT- EB-CNDO method.
An Investigation of the Structure of Amorphous Co-P Alloys. 2: EXAFS at the Phosphorous K-edge, a Feasibility Study
Authors: Nuding Mi. , Lamparter P. , Steeb S. , Neißendorfer F. , Schäfers F.
Published: September 2020

Amorphous Co100-xPx foils in the concentration range 13.4 ≤ x ≤ 26 were produced by electrodeposition. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the phosphorous K-edge was measured in transmission mode. The phase shift was determined from the EXAFS spectrum of a crystalline Co2P reference sample. The EXAFS spectra of the amorphous Co-P alloys are characterized mainly by one single contribution from a shell of Co-atoms at a distance of 2.3 Å around the P-atoms. A small additional contribution at a shorter distance of 2.0 Å may be a hint on some direct P-P neighbours. The evaluation of reliable coordination numbers from the EXAFS spectra of the amorphous alloys is not possible.
On the Measurement of Rotational Spectra of Monodeuterated Asymmetric Top Molecules in Natural Abundance Demonstrated for Monofluorobenzene
Authors: Dreizler H. , Andresen U. , Grabow J.-U. , Sutter D. H.
Published: September 2020

We report on the measurement of rotational transitions of monodeuterated fluorobenzene in natural abundance to show the feasibility of the investigation of monodeuterated asymmetric top molecules without the necessity of isotopic enrichment.
Cluster Calculations of Hyperfine Interactions in Superconducting Copper Compounds
Authors: Meier P. F. , Claxton T. A. , Hüsser P. , Plibersek S. , Stoll E. P.
Published: September 2020

This paper discusses first-principles cluster investigations on the electronic structure of YBa2Cu3Ü7 and La2CuO4 performed at the University of Zürich. In particular, electric field gradients have been calculated at the copper sites and their dependence on applying uniaxial strain is studied. Magnetic hyperfine interactions have been evaluated from spin-polarized calculations, and the transfer of spin density from neighboring copper ions is explained. An interpretation is given of the nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra in doped La2CuO4.
Dynamic analysis of the mathematical model of COVID-19 with demographic effects
Authors: Faraz Naeem , Khan Yasir , Goufo E. F. Doungmo , Anjum Amna , Anjum Ali
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus is currently extremely contagious for humankind, which is a zoonotic tropical disease. The pandemic is the largest in history, affecting almost the whole world. What makes the condition the worst of all is no specific effective treatment available. In this article, we present an extended and modified form of SIR and SEIR model, respectively. We begin by investigating a simple mathematical model that describes the pandemic. Then we apply different safety measures to control the pandemic situation. The mathematical model with and without control is solved by using homotopy perturbation method. Obtained solutions have been presented graphically. Finally, we develop another mathematical model, including quarantine and hospitalization.
Solubility determination, computational modeling, Hansen solubility parameters and apparent thermodynamic analysis of brigatinib in (ethanol + water) mixtures
Authors: Alshahrani Saad M. , Alfadhel Munerah M. , Abujheisha Khalil Y.R. , Almutairy Bjad K. , Alalaiwe Ahmed S. , Alshetaili Abdullah S. , Aldawsari Mohammed F. , Anwer Md. Khalid , Shakeel Faiyaz
Published: September 2020

The solubility and various thermodynamic parameters of an antitumor drug brigatinib (BRN) in various ethanol (EtOH) + water (H2O) mixtures were determined in this study. The mole fraction solubility (x
e) of BRN in various (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O was obtained at T = 298.2–323.2 K and p = 0.1 MPa by adopting a saturation shake flask method. Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of BRN, pure EtOH, pure H2O and (EtOH + H2O) mixtures free of BRN were also computed. The x
e values of BRN were correlated using Van’t Hoff, Apelblat, Yalkowsky–Roseman, Jouyban–Acree and Jouyban–Acree–Van’t Hoff models with mean errors of <2.0%. The maximum and minimum x
e value of BRN was obtained in pure EtOH (1.43 × 10−2 at T = 323.2 K) and pure H2O (3.08 × 10−6 at T = 298.2 K), respectively. The HSP of BRN was also found more closed with that of pure EtOH. The x
e value of BRN was obtained as increasing significantly with the rise in temperature and increase in EtOH mass fraction in all (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O. The data of apparent thermodynamic analysis showed an endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution of BRN in all (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O.
VGluT2 Expression in Dopamine Neurons Contributes to Postlesional Striatal Reinnervation
Authors: Kouwenhoven Willemieke M. , Fortin Guillaume , Penttinen Anna-Maija , Florence Clélia , Delignat-Lavaud Benoît , Bourque Marie-Josée , Trimbuch Thorsten , Luppi Milagros Pereira , Salvail-Lacoste Alix , Legault Pascale , Poulin Jean-François , Rosenmund Christian , Awatramani Raj , Trudeau Louis-Éric
Published: September 2020

A subset of adult ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA) neurons expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum, while only few adult substantia nigra DA neurons have this capacity. Recent work showed that cellular stress created by neurotoxins such as MPTP and 6-hydroxydopamine can upregulate VGluT2 in surviving DA neurons, suggesting the possibility of a role in cell survival, although a high level of overexpression could be toxic to DA neurons. Here we examined the level of VGluT2 upregulation in response to neurotoxins and its impact on postlesional plasticity. We first took advantage of anin vitroneurotoxin model of Parkinson's disease and found that this caused an average 2.5-fold enhancement ofVglut2mRNA in DA neurons. This could represent a reactivation of a developmental phenotype because using an intersectional genetic lineage-mapping approach, we find that >98% of DA neurons have a VGluT2+lineage. Expression of VGluT2 was detectable in most DA neurons at embryonic day 11.5 and was localized in developing axons. Finally, compatible with the possibility that enhanced VGluT2 expression in DA neurons promotes axonal outgrowth and reinnervation in the postlesional brain, we observed that DA neurons in female and male mice in which VGluT2 was conditionally removed established fewer striatal connections 7 weeks after a neurotoxin lesion. Thus, we propose here that the developmental expression of VGluT2 in DA neurons can be reactivated at postnatal stages, contributing to postlesional plasticity of dopaminergic axons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA small subset of dopamine neurons in the adult, healthy brain expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and thus releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum. This neurochemical phenotype appears to be plastic as exposure to neurotoxins, such as 6-OHDA or MPTP, that model certain aspects of Parkinson's disease pathophysiology, boosts VGluT2 expression in surviving dopamine neurons. Here we show that this enhanced VGluT2 expression in dopamine neurons drives axonal outgrowth and contributes to dopamine neuron axonal plasticity in the postlesional brain. A better understanding of the neurochemical changes that occur during the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology will aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
POLITINĖS INSTITUCINĖS SĄLYGOS IR KOLEKTYVINIS SMURTAS
Authors: Jastramskis Mažvydas
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas politinių institucinių sąlygų ir kolektyvinio smurto santykis, ieškant atsakymo į klausimą, kokie režimo bruožai yra palankūs (nepalankūs) kolektyviniam smurtui pasireikšti didesniu mastu. Remiantis Charleso Tilly teorija, išskiriami du problemos kontekste svarbiausi režimo bruožai (politinės institucinės sąlygos): demokratijos lygis ir režimo pajėgumai; iškeliamos trys empirinėje dalyje testuojamos hipotezės. Taikant kiekybinės grafinės analizės metodą atskleidžiama, kad demokratijos lygio ir kolektyvinio smurto pasireiškimo / laipsnio ryšio nėra. Tačiau galima rasti kolektyvinio smurto ir režimo pajėgumų sąsajų: mažėjant režimo pajėgumams, išauga tikimybė didesniam kolektyvinio smurto laipsniui. Empirinė analizė taip pat parodo, kad geriausiai kolektyvinio smurto pasireiškimą slopina (neleidžia pakilti į aukštą lygį) didelių pajėgumų nedemokratiniai, o didžiausiu jo laipsniu pasižymi mažų pajėgumų nedemokratiniai režimai.
AR LISABONOS SUTARTIS TURI ĮTAKOS EUROPOS BENDROS ENERGETIKOS POLITIKOS PLĖTRAI?
Authors: Jakštas Tadas
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama Lisabonos sutarties reikšmė, daranti įtaką Europos Sąjungos bendros energetikos politikos kūrimui. Remiantis liberaliojo institucionalizmo politinės teorijos samprotavimais, nagrinėjami trys pagrindiniai klausimai, pateikiant išsamų požiūrį į Europos energetikos problemas ir jų sprendimo būdus: Kas skatina valstybes ieškoti vienodo požiūrio į energetikos iššūkius? Kokia yra tikroji Lisabonos sutarties reikšmė, kuriant bendrą Europos energetikos politiką? Ar Lisabonos sutartis nurodo realias priemones įgyvendinti bendrą Europos energetikos politiką visos bendrijos lygmeniu? Be minėtų klausimų, straipsnyje, analizuojamos pagrindinės Europos Sąjungos sutartys, parodančios, kaip kito bendros energetikos politikos reikšmė Europos Sąjungos integraciniame procese. Straipsnyje taip pat pateikiama pokyčių, patvirtintų Lisabonos sutartyje, kritika, ir analizuojami veiksmai, kuriais būtų galima paskatinti dar glaudesnį valstybių bendradarbiavimą ir užtikrinti bendros energetikos politikos įgyvendinimą.
NAUJI VĖJAI KAPITALIZMO ATSIRADIMOTEORIJOSE: VIDURAMŽIŲ MIESTAI VALSTYBĖS KAIP VAKARŲ EUROPOS IŠKILIMO PRIEŽASTIS
Authors: Andrijauskas Konstantinas
Published: September 2020

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IMPERINIO DISKURSO PROBLEMATIKA ŠIUOLAIKINIUOSE RUSŲ KULTŪROS TYRINĖJIMUOSE
Authors: Snežko Julija
Published: September 2020

Šiame straipsnyje yra aptariami įvairūs imperinio diskurso suvokimo ir analizės būdai šiuolaikiniuose rusų kultūros tyrinėjimuose. Trumpai pristačius Michelio Foucault ir Edwardo Saido esmines sąvokas, turėjusias įtakos pokolonijinėms studijoms ir rusų kultūros tyrimams, pereinama prie Ewos M. Thompson, Aleksandro Etkindo, Susan Layton, Andrejaus Zorino, Richardo Wortmano ir Harsha Ramo darbų. Imperinio diskurso sąvoka juose aprašo kultūros arba literatūrinio teksto santykį su specifiniu istoriniu kontekstu, įvardijamu kaip imperinis. Teksto ir imperinio konteksto santykis yra nevienalytis ir atskleidžiamas įvairiais lygmenimis: analizuojant Rusijos imperinio dvaro ceremonialą, literatūrines reprezentacijas, ideologinių simbolių funkcionavimą, taip pat žanrinės poetikos ir lyrinio subjekto ypatumus. Bendras šių rusų kultūros ir literatūros tyrinėjimų bruožas – tyrimas ne tiek represinių (išskyrus Ewą Thompson), kiek konstruktyvių imperinio diskurso aspektų, kurie atskleidžia naujas teksto reikšmes, taip pat papildo supratimą apie rusų rašytojų ir veikėjų kultūrinės tapatybės formavimąsi.
BALSAVIMO POKYČIAI LIETUVOS SAVIVALDYBIŲ TARYBŲ RINKIMUOSE: MAKROLYGMENS ANALIZĖ
Authors: Jastramskis Mažvydas
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje pateikiamas balsavimo Lietuvos savivaldybių tarybų rinkimuose tyrimas, kuriame makrolygiu gilinamasi į rinkimų rezultatus ir jų priežastis. Remiantis statistine dviejų laikotarpių (1997–2000 m. ir 2002–2007 m.) duomenų analize, siekiama paaiškinti balsavimo už savivaldoje ir nacionalinėje vyriausybėje dominuojančias partijas (du atskiri analizės atvejai) pokyčius, lyginant su prieš tai buvusiais rinkimais. Pagrindinės straipsnio hipotezės remiasi ekonominio balsavimo teorija: tikrinama, ar blogėjanti /gerėjanti ekonomikos būklė turi įtakos šių partijų gautiems balsams savivaldos tarybų rinkimuose. Papildomai tikrinamos su politiniais ir instituciniais veiksniais susijusios hipotezės: siekiama nustatyti, ar priklausomybė nacionalinei vyriausybei (tik savivaldoje dominuojančių partijų atveju), rinkiminio aktyvumo ir fragmentacijos kaita turi reikšmės partijų gautų balsų pokyčiams. Aptinkama, kad nedarbo lygio kaitos veiksnys padeda paaiškinti savivaldoje dominuojančių partijų gautų balsų pokyčius ekonominės būklės gerėjimo laikotarpiu, tačiau nėra reikšmingas jai blogėjant. Nacionalinėje valdžioje dominuojanti partija savivaldos rinkimuose yra vienareikšmiškai baudžiama blogėjant ekonominei situacijai, tačiau ekonomikai gerėjant tos partijos gautų balsų vidutinis pokytis neišsiskiria. TS-LKD 1997–2000 m. ir LSDP 2002–2007 m. gautų balsų pokyčių dispersiją politiniai instituciniai veiksniai (visų pirma, rinkiminio aktyvumo kaita) padeda paaiškinti geriau nei ekonominiai.
LIETUVOS POLITIKOS MOKSLŲ LAUKO ANALIZĖ: AIŠKINANT SKIRTINGAS POLITIKOS MOKSLO SAMPRATAS
Authors: Strakšaitė Justė
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojamas Lietuvos politikos mokslų laukas, ieškant atsakymo į klausimą, kaip jo veikėjai suvokia savo discipliną, ir bandoma aiškinti jų politikos mokslų sampratas. Kaip alternatyva požiūriui, kad politikos mokslų suvokimą formuojančios nuostatos yra subjektyvios ir individualios, remiantis Pierre’o Bourdieu teoriniu modeliu, siekiama parodyti objektyvių struktūrų (užimamų pozicijų, disponuojamo kapitalo) įtaką šioms nuostatoms. Straipsnyje išskiriamos politikos mokslininkų bendruomenę dalijančios skirtys, atspindinčios mokslininkų požiūrį į politikos mokslų paskirtį, jų moksliškumo sampratas, santykį su kitomis disciplinomis ir tarptautiškumo reikšmės vertinimą. Straipsnio pagrindas – empirinis Lietuvos politikos mokslininkų bendruomenės tyrimas.
KULTŪROS PAVELDAS, TAUTINĖ VALSTYBĖ IR GLOBALIZACIJA: TARPUSAVIO RYŠIAI IR ĮTAKOS
Authors: Jarutis Vytautas
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje aktualinamas politinės galios vaidmuo konstruojant kolektyvinį tapatumą per kolektyvinę atmintį. Teoriniu lygmeniu siekiama „sukabinti“ tris aspektus: globalizacines dabartinį laiką determinuojančias tendencijas, nacionalinę valstybę kaip homogeniškai „įsivaizduojamą“ visuomenę ir kultūros paveldą kaip istorinę realybę ir bendruomenes homogenizuojantį veiksnį. Teorine šių trijų elementų tarpusavio ryšių analize siekiama paneigti prielaidą, kad kolektyvinė atmintis ar kolektyvinis tapatumas yra tik fikcija, ideologinis totalitarinis konstruktas, ir kad objektyviai egzistuoja tik individuali atmintis, kurią pats individas socialiai konstruoja.
KOKS ANTROJO PASAULINIO KARO ŠEŠĖLIS IR KAIP SLĖGĖ EUROPĄ?
Authors: Lopata Raimundas
Published: September 2020

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COVID-19 Pandemic and Clinical Oncology Concerns
Authors: Hyunjo Kim  , Jae-Hoon Song
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this review article is concerns on thatcancer patients are regarded as a highly vulnerable group in the currentCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMeddatabase and the Cochrane library. Search terms included ”novel coronavirus”or “2019-nCoV” and “clinical oncology”. Authors re- viewedcancer registry information, status, and treatments.Results: COVID-19-infected cancer patients were included and the lastanti-tumor treatment was within 14 days, it significantly increased therisk of developing severe events. Lung cancer was the most frequentcancer type. The common chest computed tomography (CT) findingswere ground- glass opacity and patchy consolidation. A total of patientshad severe events and the mortality rate was high. Furthermore, patchyconsolidation on CT on admission was associated with a higher risk ofdeveloping severe events.Conclusions: Cancer patients show deteriorating conditions and pooroutcomes from the COVID-19 infection. It is recommended that cancerpatients receiving anti-tumor treatments should have vigorous screeningfor COVID-19 infection and should avoid treatments causing immunosuppression or have their dosages decreased in case of COVID-19infection.
Towards The Reduction of The National Impact of Blindness Due to Glaucoma- A National Glaucoma Summit
Authors: Dr. Barbie O. M. Ejukonemu
Published: September 2020

Glaucoma is a serious condition that involves  elevation in pressure inside the eye caused  by  build-up of excess fluid. Though there are several varieties of the disease that do not show elevation of pressure inside the eyes, generally, glaucoma in whatever form, if  left untreated would lead to impairment in vision by causing irreversible  damage to the optic nerve and eventually blindness. Between 2005 and 2007 the National Programme for the Prevention of Blindness (NPPB), now known as National Eye Care Programme, in collaboration with states, local government and FCT embarked on National Blindness and low vision survey. The survey revealed that glaucoma,  an unavoidable cause of blindness constitutes 16% of all blindness in the country. There are global initiatives that work to eradicate blindness in National communities in the developed and developing world. The major one being the Vision 2020 - the right to sight.  Nigeria endorsed the initiative. This initiative is complacent on glaucoma as it is unavoidable, incurable and not within the targeted disease conditions of vision 2020.  Elimination of  blindness due to glaucoma in our communities, therefore calls for a National action. This paper   is an advocacy  for  a National  Summit on Glaucoma that would produce  a National Glaucoma  Eradication document; implementation of which would lead to  reduction and elimination of the National  impact of blindness due to glaucoma.
Effect of Cadmium Exposure on Zinc Levels in Normal Non-Diabetic and Diabetic Rats Induced by Streptozotocin
Authors: N’ Guessan Assue Adja Julien  , Adon Mousan Arsène  , Martin Konan Kouassi , Djaman Allico Joseph  , Dosso Mireille
Published: September 2020

Diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin and normal non-diabetic rats were exposed to cadmiumsulphate in drinking water at a dose of 200 mg / L for 30 days. At the end of the exposure, theblood, kidney and pancreas of each rat were taken for the determination of cadmium and zinc.The results show a significant increase in the level of cadmium in the blood, kidney andpancreas of normal non-diabetic rats and diabetic rats compared to the control group. Thecadmium concentration was significantly higher in plasma and tissues in diabetic rats comparedto normal non-diabetic rats. Cadmium poisoning resulted in a significant decrease in the levelof zinc in the blood and tissues of normal non-diabetic rats and diabetic rats compared to theirrespective controls. This study reveals that diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin are moresensitive to the toxic effects of cadmium than normal rats.Key words: Cadmium, zinc, plasma, pancreas, kidneys, diabetes
Prevalence, Knowledge, Practice and Perception of Self Medication among Pharmacy Students in a Nigerian tertiary Institution
Authors: Mgbahurike A. A.  , Nenwi G. F
Published: September 2020

The practice of self-medication has become a form of self-care and is a global trend that is encouraged when it deals with minor illnesses and with proper guide and information. In countries where there are no strict regulations and prescription drugs are freely dispensed, irresponsible self-medication is common. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, knowledge, practice and perception of self-medication among pharmacy students in University of Port Harcourt. The study included all pharmacy students from 200L to 500L who gave their consent to participate. Ethical approval was obtained from the University Ethics and Research Committee. Descriptive cross sectional study design was adopted. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The questionnaire was structured in four parts: demographic; knowledge; practice and perception sections.A total of 476 pharmacy students responded and gave their consent to the study. 42.4% (202) were male and 57.6% (274) were female. The mean age of the population was 24.55±5.32years. Most of the respondents, 49.2% (234), were within the age of 20 – 25years, while 4.4% (21) were more than 30years. Most, 94.7% (451) were single. 37% were in 200L, 22.9% (109) in 400L, and 18.9% (90) in 500L. Prevalence rate of self-medication among these students was 83.8%. A significant (p>0.05) percentage, 69.8% (327) showed good knowledge of self-medication and agreed to the need to consult health professional before consuming medicines, and yet a good number, 51.4% (245) often practice self- medication. The most common source of information for their self-medication was textbooks/class materials, 31.1% (148). The respondents showed positive perception towards self- medication as many, 40.3% (192) claimed that self –medication is right /safe and should be encouraged. Knowledge about the medicine used (91.8%) (437)was the commonest reason for self –medication, while analgesic/antipyretic (91.6%) (436) was the commonest class of medicines used for self-medication. The next common class of medicine was antibiotics, (84.7%) (403) and herbal remedy was the least, 15.5% (74). Fever, 83.6% (398), headache 80.5% (383), were the most common ailment treated by self-medication. Dependence on textbooks/class materials as information source increases significantly (p>0.05) with increase in years of study. In conclusion self- medication is highly prevalent among the pharmacy students evaluated. There is need to steer these students towards responsible self- medication especially towards antibiotics stewardship.
Prevalence and Perceptions in the Management of Buruli Ulcer in Oguta Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: O. G Udujih. , H. I. Udujih, , J. A. Okeke , C. C Iwuala , H. Nwosu, , N. Okolo, , U.W. Dozie,
Published: September 2020

A study was carried out in Oguta One community of Oguta Local Government Area to determine the prevalence and perceptions in the management of Buruli Ulcer among residents. Interviews and structured questionnaire were used for case finding and to obtained information on knowledge and perception. Physical examination and standard bacteriological techniques were used to confirm BU cases. The result showed a prevalence of 0.2% out of the 356 participants. There was knowledge of the disease but poor understanding of its cause and mostly perceived to be a supernatural disease by which treatment could be sought from herbal homes and churches. Age, Education and occupation had strong association (P<0.05) with the knowledge of Buruli ulcer with the exception of sex (P>0.05). From these findings, it is evident that a more robust case finding is necessary in the country as many cases would be missed without the inclusion of herbal/trado-medical homes and churches in control programs especially as regards education on the true cause of BU disease.
Orden legal y orden sexual en los comienzos de la Revolución Septembrina (1868-1870)
Authors: Espigado-Tocino Gloria
Published: September 2020

El artículo analiza el nuevo marco constitucional y jurídico creado a partir de la Revolución de 1868 desde el punto de vista de género, para responder si la Gloriosa significó cambio alguno en el ordenamiento legal para las españolas que supusiera alguna ampliación de derechos para ellas. La propia Constitución (1869) y leyes tales como la de Matrimonio Civil o el nuevo Código Penal (1870) suscitaron debates dentro y fuera de la Cámara que manifestaron la orientación y alcance de los significados asociados a la relación entre los sexos. Todo ello, cuando la actitud de algunas españolas evidenciaba la intención de alcanzar espacios inexplorados hasta la fecha. La Revolución será vista como una gran oportunidad educativa y asociativa para las mujeres. Un despertar de la conciencia política de las mismas en pro de sus derechos de ciudadanía.
New observations of the total electron content and ionospheric scintillations over Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Dao Tam , Huy Minh Le , Carter Brett , Le Que , Trinh Thanh Thuy , Phan Bao Ngoc , Otsuka Yuichi
Published: September 2020

In January 2018, a Trimble NetR9 GNSS receiver was installed at International University - Vietnam National University (IU-VNU), which is located at 10°52'N, 106°48'E in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The GNSS signals recorded from the receiver are useful for studying the ionospheric variations over this station as well as the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling effects, therefore, we aim to preliminarily process and evaluate data recorded from this new station. Based on the data obtained with this GNSS receiver, we first estimated the total electron content (TEC) using the carrier-phase method which is a combination of code and phase measurements. We then calculated the rate of change of TEC index (ROTI) with respect to time and investigated its day-to-day variations. Our results show some typical features in the diurnal and seasonal TEC and ionospheric scintillation variations during 2018-2019. The distributions of ROTI over these two years of solar minimum show significant occurrences of scintillation, which are caused by small-scale ionospheric irregularities in the equatorial ionosphere. In addition, we found a significant increase of TEC in the latest strong geomagnetic storm in August 2018. The disturbance dynamo appears to have suppressed plasma bubbles after sunset and enhanced their formation at midnight. Thus, the disturbance dynamo effectively caused a delay of ionospheric scintillations. The TEC observed in HCMC also contributes to the data of ground-based observational receiver systems along 105o E longitude for studying ionospheric variations in low-latitude and equatorial regions. Our preliminary results indicate that the GNSS data collected at IU-VNU station is a valuable reference dataset for further research of the ionosphere.
Rozumowanie moralne – norma czy wyjątek?
Authors: Gałecki Sebastian
Published: September 2020

Czymś fundamentalnym dla etyki jest pytanie o to, w jaki sposób człowiek zdobywa swoją wiedzę o świecie moralnym, w tym przede wszystkim wiedzę na temat tego, co należy w danej sytuacji uczynić. Od czasów starożytnych ten obszar działalności człowieka nazywa się rozumowaniem praktycznym lub moralnym. Pod koniec ubiegłego wieku w świecie anglosaskim toczył się ciekawy spór o to, czy owo rozumowanie moralne ma charakter konieczny (stanowi warunek sine qua non każdego czynu), czy też stanowi coś wyjątkowego, dokonywanego przez podmiot tylko w wyjątkowo zawiłych sytuacjach moralnych. W swoim artykule staram się rozstrzygnąć ten spór, odwołując się do powszechnie przyjmowanego odróżnienia rozumowania prowadzącego do zdobycia racji do działania (rozumowanie implikatywne, pierwszoosobowy punkt widzenia) od rozumowania prowadzącego do wyrażenia tychże racji (rozumowanie eksplikatywne, trzecioosobowy punkt widzenia).
Sprawiedliwy porządek wolnych ludzi
Authors: Andryszczak Piotr
Published: September 2020

Podstawowym problemem filozofii społecznej i politycznej jest to, jak organizując życie zbiorowe, pogodzić sprawiedliwość z wolnością. W obrębie liberalizmu toczy się o to spór, w którym jedni opowiadają się za interwencjonizmem państwowym, a inni bronią idei wolnorynkowych. Debatę tę umieszczamy w szerszym kontekście wyznaczonym przez trzy ważne współcześnie sposoby myślenia o sprawiedliwości, a następnie przedstawiamy własne inspirowane chrześcijaństwem, stanowisko.
Hasło sprawiedliwości społecznej jako wstęp do tyranii
Authors: Breczko Jacek
Published: September 2020

Hasło sprawiedliwości społecznej różnie w historii było rozumiane; bywało podstawą przemian – w szerokim sensie tego słowa – demokratycznych, ale też okazywało się propagandowym „chwytem” i wstępem do tyranii. Platon był bodaj pierwszy, który w swojej opisowej koncepcji ewolucji ustrojów zwrócił uwagę na to, że demokracja – kiedy wątek „redystrybucji dóbr” w imię egalitaryzmu i zrównania wychodzi na plan pierwszy – niejako spontanicznie zamienia się w tyranię. Próbował temu zapobiec Arystoteles w swojej koncepcji politei. Chciałbym się zastanowić (w ogromnym, rzecz jasna, skrócie), na ile te koncepcje „sprawdzały się w historii” i są obecnie aktualne. Chciałbym też – na zakończenie – zaprezentować trzy modele „sprawiedliwości społecznej”: hierarchiczny (starożytny), oparty na równym kryterium (nowożytny, liberalny) oraz egalitarystyczny (utopijny, zrównujący), będący ideologią prowadzącą do scentralizowanej, arbitralnej, a nawet tyrańskiej władzy.
Prawda o człowieku jako fundament kultury politycznej. Główne idee Tadeusza Stycznia
Authors: Jasiński Karol
Published: September 2020

Celem autora jest przedstawienie i krytyczna analiza głównych idei polskiego personalisty Tadeusza Stycznia na temat prawdy, która jest aksjologiczną podstawą kultury politycznej. Jest nią odkryta w sumieniu prawda o osobowej godności każdego człowieka. Artykuł składa się z trzech głównych części. W pierwszej autor przedstawił koncepcję sumienia Stycznia (sumienie jako sąd prawodawczy, normatywny i powinnościowy). W części drugiej poruszono kwestię prawdy odkrytej w sumieniu (prawdy o ludzkiej godności i wyjątkowości ludzkiej egzystencji). W trzeciej części skoncentrowano się na zagadnieniu kultury politycznej w myśli Stycznia i jej istotnych elementów (etos polegający na afirmacji osoby, czynne współuczestnictwo w trosce o dobro każdego człowieka, respekt dla podmiotowości ludzkiej wyrażającej się w autonomii sumienia, służba państwa na rzecz ochrony życia wszystkich obywateli i zabezpieczenie praw mniejszości).
Meroplankton Composition of a low productive Lagoon System (Köyceğiz-Dalyan): temporally but not spatially variations
Authors: KİLLİ Nurçin
Published: September 2020

Seasonal meroplankton abundances of Köyceğiz-Dalyan Lagoon System were examined in this study. Also, changes in the diversity and abundance of meroplanktonic larvae because of the different two salinity layers of the system were investigated. Meroplankton samples were taken by Unesco standart plankton net with 200 micrometer mesh size horizontally from three stations. Temporal and spatial differences in the abundance of meroplankton groups were examined by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Environmental parameters which are temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured from the surface. Meroplankton groups of the study area were nauplius, zoea, cyprid larva, stomatopod larva, hydrozoan larva, ephyra, polychaeta larva, fish egg, fish larva and gastropod larva. Meroplankton and holoplankton abundances showed two peaks in April and October. There were statistically significant differences in the abundance of meroplankton amongst seasons especially between summer-winter and winter-spring. In October and November Mediterranean water enters the Köyceğiz-Dalyan Lagoon System through the bottom of the system, whereas in winter and spring, the lagoon and coastal zone were under the influence of Lake Köyceğiz.
UNIVERSITY AND THE (UN)SUCCESSFULNESS OF THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT FOR INNOVATION
Authors: FOSSATTI PAULO , MONTICELLI JEFFERSON MARLON , DANESI LUIZ CARLOS , JUNG HILDEGARD SUSANA
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: The article aims to identify, from the perspective of strategic managers, categories that participate in the establishment of an innovation culture in community universities in southern Brazil. The method is based on exploratory, qualitative research using a multiple case study and considering a group of Brazilian universities as the analysis unit. Interviews were conducted with 67 managers from 14 higher education institutions, as well as legal provisions, documents, scenario studies, and market research. The results point to the need for universities to work in a competitive strategic positioning; approaching of academia and market times; guaranteeing innovation of the sustainable management principle; internationalization as an indicator of innovation; curricular inflection and formation of innovative leaderships. Our contribution lies in proposing that universities, regardless of their state, private or community status must follow a strategic plan that is competitive in the market and boosts the innovation culture.
Influence of different sources of topographic data on flood mapping: urban area São Vendelino municipality, southern Brazil
Authors: Zambrano Fernando Campo , Kobiyama Masato , Pereira Marco Alésio Figueiredo , Michel Gean Paulo , Fan Fernando Mainardi
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Generally, the base for any flood mapping is the topography information whose resolution determines the map accuracy. Furthermore, river bathymetry in detail and the type of used model are also relevant. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different sources of topographic data on the flood mapping by using the CAESAR-Lisflood model and three Digital Elevation Model (DEM) configurations, among which two were freely available, and the other was generated with field survey (topography and bathymetry). First, the resolution and precision of each DEM were evaluated, from the comparison of different cross-sections, besides the variation of the wetted area and absolute value of the relative error in mean velocity as a function of depth. Subsequently, after elaborating flood maps with each DEM, the results were compared in terms of flood area, mean flood width and flow depth. It is observed that the more accurate resolution, the smaller the flood area becomes. The flood map elaborated with the DEM through field survey had the best fit to the observed area. However the relation between the topographic resolutions and flow-depths was not clear in obtained results.