bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bone Mineral Density is Negatively Associated with Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study of the NHANES 2005–2010, 2013–2014
Authors: Li Haipeng , Wang Baolong , Xu Dongshuo , Zhang Jialu , Wang Changhui
Published: December 2024

Background: With ageing and lifestyle changes, the coexistence of osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is becoming more common, which greatly increases patient disability and mortality. However, the association of low bone mineral density (BMD) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in T2DM patients have not been conclusively established. Methods: Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to obtain a nationally representative sample of the US population, we sought to determine the independent and incremental value of low BMD, particularly in patients with osteoporosis in assessing all-cause and CVD mortality in adults with T2DM. Results: We demonstrated that increased BMD was significantly related to decreased mortality from all-causes and CVDs among US adults with T2DM. In addition, we found that, after multivariate adjustment, osteoporosis and osteopenia were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in T2DM patients at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The clinical diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis in adults with T2DM provides independent prognostic value for CVD and all-cause mortality.
Atrial Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies
Authors: Mohyeldin Moiud , Abdelghafar Ahmed , Allu Sai , Shrivastava Shitij , Mustafa Ahmed , Mohamed Feras O. , Norman Sarah J.
Published: December 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, is intricately linked with atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation (AFTR), a condition distinguished from ventricular functional tricuspid regurgitation by its unique pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications. This review article delves into the multifaceted aspects of AFTR, exploring its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies. Further, we elucidate the mechanisms underlying AFTR, including tricuspid annular dilatation, right atrial enlargement, and dysfunction, which collectively contribute to the development of tricuspid regurgitation in the absence of significant pulmonary hypertension or left-sided heart disease. The section on diagnostic evaluation highlights the pivotal role of echocardiography, supplemented by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and computed tomography (CT), in assessing disease severity and guiding treatment decisions. Management strategies for AFTR are explored, ranging from medical therapy and rhythm control to surgical and percutaneous interventions, underscoring the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary approach. Furthermore, the article identifies gaps in current knowledge and proposes future research directions to enhance our understanding and management of AFTR. By providing a comprehensive overview of AFTR, this review aims to raise awareness among healthcare professionals and stimulate further research to improve patient care and outcomes in this increasingly recognized condition.
Barriers and Willingness to Undertake Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Reported by Medical Students Dependent on Their Place of Residence—A Single-Center Study
Authors: Jaskiewicz Filip , Bieliński Jakub R. , Jedrzejczak Adam , Huntley Riley
Published: December 2024

Background: Bystander-administered cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. However, only roughly 58% of bystanders would provide CPR, with wide variations across different regions. Identifying each factor affecting the barrier or readiness to perform resuscitation is a significant challenge for researchers. This study aimed to evaluate the obstacles preventing first-year medical students from initiating CPR, focusing on the size of domestic residential environments and the time and methodology of practical training. Methods: The original online questionnaire surveyed first-year medical students at the Medical University of Łódź from February 1 to March 2, 2024. The questionnaire development involved a literature review, expert evaluation, and pilot testing. Participation was voluntary and anonymous, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using PQStat software, employing descriptive statistics. Results: The study revealed that 271 medical students reported a similar median of barriers regardless of the place of residence (median (Me) = 5, interquartile range (IQR) 2–6.25 vs. Me = 4, IQR 3–6 vs. Me = 4, IQR 3–6, p = 0.620). Out of 18 analyzed barriers, the only significant difference was found for crowded places. Medical students living in cities most frequently reported a willingness to perform CPR with rescue breaths for all victims. Those who grew up in towns <100,000 residents were less willing to start CPR if an unknown adult were the victim (rural area: 39.2% vs. town: 17.6% vs. city: 45.1%, p < 0.01). The number of reported barriers was similar regardless of training type and the time since training; however, the nature of these barriers varied after a year passed. Conclusions: Respondents across various locations reported similar number and types of barriers to performing CPR, including the most commonly declared fear of harm, uncertainty about recognizing cardiac arrest, and concerns about disease transmission. Although differences connected to the type of victims were observed, its low or moderate practical significance needs more comprehensive research on the impact of the size of the place of residence on the willingness to perform resuscitation and the related barriers.
Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals for the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Meegaswatte Harshini , Speer Kathryn , McKune Andrew J. , Naumovski Nenad
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in women and risk of development is greatly increased following menopause. Menopause occurs over several years and is associated with hormonal changes, including a reduction in estradiol and an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone. This hormonal shift may result in an increased risk of developing abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Furthermore, with the onset of menopause, there is an increase in oxidative stress that is associated with impaired vascular function, inflammation, and thrombosis, further increasing the risk of CVD development. Despite the harmful consequences of the menopause transition being well known, women in premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal stages are unlikely to be enrolled in research studies. Therefore, investigations on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in middle-aged women are still relatively limited. Whilst lifestyle interventions are associated with reduced CVD risk in this population sample, the evidence still remains inconclusive. Therefore, it is important to explore the effectiveness of early intervention and potential therapeutic approaches to maintain cellular redox balance, preserve endothelium, and reduce inflammation. Glycine, N-acetylcysteine, and L-theanine are amino acids with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and are identified as therapeutic interventions in the management of age-related and metabolic diseases. The benefits of the intake of these amino acids for improving factors associated with cardiovascular health are discussed in this review. Future studies using these amino acids are warranted to investigate their effect on maintaining the vascular health and cardiovascular outcomes of postmenopausal women.
Debt-For-Nature Swap untuk Pembiayaan Pengelolaan Sampah
Authors: Husna Farahiyatul Nurul
Published: December 2024

Dana Debt-for-Nature Swap (DNS) yang dikelola oleh Badan Pengelola Dana Lingkungan Hidup (BPDLH) belum memiliki pedoman tata cara penyaluran. BPDLH berencana untuk menyalurkan dana DNS sebagai pembiayaan untuk pengelolaan sampah. Hal ini berbeda dengan penyaluran dana DNS sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) sehingga perlu disusun skema proses bisnis penyaluran dana DNS beserta kriteria kelayakan bagi calon penerima manfaat atau debitur. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode triangulasi data dengan cara memvalidasi data dan informasi dari satu sumber berdasarkan data dan informasi dari sumber-sumber lainnya. Narasumber dalam penelitian ini berasal dari berbagai latar belakang kepentingan yang berbeda dalam sektor pembiayan lingkungan dalam hal pengelolaan sampah. Hal ini juga sesuai dengan teori kepentingan publik yang menyebutkan bahwa regulasi yang baik disusun atas dasar kebutuhan dan kepentingan publik. Skema penyaluran dana DNS ini mengikuti ketentuan penyaluran dana pinjaman yang ada di BPDLH dengan beberapa penyesuaian berdasarkan subjek penerima manfaat. Sedangkan calon penerima dana DNS memiliki kriteria sebagai debitur yaitu unit mikro kecil (UMK) di sektor pengelolaan sampah dengan memperhatikan aspek yuridis, aspek kredibilitas, aspek lingkungan, dan aspek finansial.
Kata kunci: pembiayaan, lingkungan, pengelolaan sampah, dana DNS
Reverse Mortgage sebagai Solusi Masalah Keuangan Lansia di Indonesia Refleksi dari Negara Lain
Authors: Rahmadani Sofyan Nur Rifai
Published: December 2024

Kemiskinan di kalangan lansia Indonesia menjadi tantangan serius, meskipun sebagian besar memiliki rumah sebagai aset utama. Reverse Mortgage, yang memungkinkan lansia mengonversi ekuitas rumah menjadi pendapatan tanpa kehilangan tempat tinggal, berpotensi menjadi solusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review untuk menganalisis praktik dan tantangan penerapan Reverse Mortgage di Amerika Serikat, China, Inggris, India, dan Korea Selatan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dukungan pemerintah, regulasi kuat, dan edukasi publik menjadi kunci keberhasilan. Bagi Indonesia, rekomendasi mencakup uji coba program, desain produk sesuai budaya, dan mitigasi risiko. Skema ini berpotensi meningkatkan kesejahteraan lansia secara berkelanjutan.
A New Class of Higher Derivatives for Harmonic Univalent Functions Established using a Generalized Fractional Integral Operator
Authors: Musaddak Delphi Ali
Published: December 2024

A new class of higher derivatives  for harmonic univalent functions defined by a generalized fractional integral operator inside an open unit disk E is the aim of this paper.
Physiological Disturbances of Vitamin D and some Biochemical Parameters for Coronavirus Patients
Authors: Aqdas Mohammed Sfaieh
Published: December 2024

This study was aimed to evaluate the concentration of serum vitamin D, potassium, D-dimer, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) among coronavirus patients and control healthy individual according to their age ranges. The present study weel-done in AL-Zahra teaching hospital, Wasit province, Iraq; from September 2022 to February, 2023, the role of this study included 80 patients; 40 males (50.00 %) and 40 females (50.00 %) with age range (21-80 year). While, the samples of control groups consist of 60 healthy individuals, 30 males (50.00%) and 30 females (50.00%) with same age of patients group. Both study groups were separated into three age ranges; The 1st age range (21-40) year, 2nd age range (41-60) year, and the 3rd age range (61-80) year, each group of (patients and healthy subject) were separated into two subgroups (male and female). 
The present study recorded that the concentrations of serum vitamin D and potassium significantly decreased (p≤0.05) among (male and female) coronavirus patients as compared with control volunteers in all age ranges. In contrast, serum D-dimer and LDH were elevated significantly (p≤0.05) among male and female of patient’s groups in the 2nd and 3rd age range (41-60 and 61-80) year, while non- significant variation was recorded in the 1st age range (21-40) year in compression to control subject.
Conclusion: Current study concluded that there were clearly significant association between vitamin- D insufficiency and coronavirus susceptibility. Thus, taking a vitamin D supplement can help to reduce the complication of coronavirus infection. Also, significant decreased in serum potassium levels considered as a risk of severe progression of acute cardiac failure among coronavirus patients. While, significant increased in serum D-dimer, and LDH may be associated with increased severity and mortality among coronavirus patients.
Repeated low doses of psilocybin reduces perceived symptom severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder, but fails to restore cognitive flexibility: A case study of identical twins
Authors: Drange Sivert , Cohen Jacob , Johansen Sys , Dunkley Benjamin Thomas , Palner Mikael
Published: December 2024

Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) presents significant challenges to individuals mental health, characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive maladaptive behaviours. Recent exploration into alternative treatments has spotlighted psychedelics, notably psilocybin, for their potential therapeutic benefits in different psychiatric disorders, including OCD. This case study delves into the effects of low doses of psilocybin, with no subjective psychedelic effects, commonly referred to as microdoses, on symptom alleviation and cognitive flexibility in OCD, focusing on a pair of identical twins discordant for the disorder.Case presentation: The study documents the experiences of one twin diagnosed with OCD who embarked on a regimen of psilocybin low doses, while the other twin, unaffected by OCD, served as a control. Qualitative and quantitative measures were employed to assess changes in symptom severity and cognitive flexibility following a period of self-administered low doses of psilocybin. The affected twin reported a notable reduction in OCD symptomatology, accompanied by subjective reports of improved emotional regulation and overall well-being. However, despite these symptomatic improvements, cognitive flexibility deficits associated with OCD were still present compared to the unaffected twin.Conclusion: This case study underscores the potential of psilocybin low doses as a promising avenue for mitigating symptoms of OCD. Nevertheless, the observed disparity in cognitive flexibility highlights the nuanced nature of OCD pathology, suggesting that while non-psychedelic doses of psilocybin may alleviate certain symptoms, it may not fully address underlying cognitive impairments. Further research employing larger sample sizes and rigorous longitudinal designs is imperative to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of psilocybin low doses in OCD, offering insights into its broader applicability as a treatment modality.
Design and characterization of novel composite bioplastics with antimicrobial and enhanced mechanical, thermal and electrical properties
Authors: Gowrishankar Avanish
Published: December 2024

Certain metals are known to be lethal to microorganisms. However, plastics do not have such properties. Here, we present a novel class of bioplastics that are embedded with metals to give them antimicrobial properties. Bioplastic is an alternative to petroleum-based plastic that is biodegradable, does not release harmful gases into the environment when produced, and is not harmful to the environment. The properties of bioplastics can be improved by embedding materials that excel in these properties in the bioplastic. We used several enhancers to improve the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and tensile strength of bioplastic. Our results showed that all these properties were improved several fold in bioplastic by adding select additives. Graphite, in particular, improved the electrical conductivity by over 10,000 times and tensile strength by over 5 times. Our results also show that copper embedded bioplastics are effective in slowing down or preventing antimicrobial growth over 24 hours.
Greening Education: Cultivating connection and environmental values for responsiveness to ecological crisis among school students
Authors: Sahni Pooja , Gibert Carine , khanna Pulkit , Sachdeva Manya , Bhatt Sunita , Negi Karsheet , Kumar Jyoti
Published: December 2024

Recent literature suggests that while the environmental education followed at schools has raised knowledge among students, it has not always led to significant behavioral change or action. It is argued that environmental education should extend beyond knowledge, encouraging a deeper, empathetic connection with nature. In this study, the significance of current curriculum in cultivating responsiveness to the ecological crisis among school students is examined. Further, using theories from behavioral sciences, a structural model is proposed that hypothesizes the critical role of environmental factors, such as nature experiences at schools and in neighborhood green areas in fostering students’ environmental values and connectedness with nature and responsiveness to ecological crises. Partial Least Square method PLS-SEM is employed to examine the relationships and the mediating mechanisms in the proposed model. Key findings show a significant association of nature experiences with connectedness to nature, environmental values and responsiveness to ecological crises, while age, gender and environment education curriculum were not found to be significant. The analysis also revealed a full mediation of connectedness and environmental values in the relationship of nature experience with responsiveness to ecological crises. Altogether, findings emphasize that supplementing existing curriculum with nature-based experiential learning for students may support meaningful environmental connectedness, engagement, and motivate sustainable action, instead of sole reliance on classroom-based environmental education in schools.
Empowerment or Stereotypes? A Replication & Extension of the SlutWalk Study
Authors: Nickie Zaria
Published: December 2024

Previous research has shown that even derogatory terms like "slut" can be re-appropriated to produce positive outcomes. This study replicates and extends Gaucher et al. (2015) by examining Black and White women's responses to the term "slut" in both typical and supportive contexts. Participants were exposed to the term "slut" while systematically varying the speaker's gender and the context in which the term was used. Results indicated that both groups reported greater empowerment in supportive contexts, with Black women showing a more substantial increase in empowerment compared to White women. Unexpectedly, the supportive context did not lead to more negative perceptions of the term "slut" among Black women. These findings suggest that, in social justice contexts, the re-appropriation of the term may provide a sense of solidarity, challenging stereotypes and offering opportunities for positive social change, despite its negative connotations in typical settings. Strengths, weaknesses, and avenues for future research are discussed.
Quasi-universal acceptance of basic science in the US
Authors: Pfänder Jan , Kerzreho Lou , Mercier Hugo
Published: December 2024

Substantial minorities of the population report a low degree of trust in science, or endorse conspiracy theories that violate basic scientific knowledge. This might indicate a wholesale rejection of science. In four studies, we asked 782 US participants questions about trust in science, conspiracy beliefs, and basic science (e.g. the relative size of electrons and atoms). Participants were provided with the scientifically consensual answer to the basic science questions, and asked whether they accept it. Acceptance of the scientific consensus was very high in the sample as a whole (95.1%), but also in every sub-sample (e.g., no trust in science: 87.3%; complete endorsement of flat Earth theory: 87.2%). This quasi-universal acceptance of basic science suggests that people are motivated to reject specific scientific beliefs, and not science as a whole. This could be leveraged in science communication.
A Critical Test of Signal Detection Theory in Visual Working Memory
Authors: He Yiou , Kellen David , Singmann Henrik
Published: December 2024

Signal detection theory (SDT) provides a dominant framework for modelling recognition memory judgments. Although specific SDT model variants have been extensively tested in working memory, fundamental properties like random-scale representation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) symmetry have not been critically examined in this domain. Here, we tested these core assumptions across two experiments using multi-alternative forced-choice tasks. In Experiment 1 (N = 123), participants viewed displays of eight images and made recognition judgments among varying numbers of alternatives. Results demonstrated that these decisions satisfied theoretical constraints required by random-scale representations, validating a key assumption of the broader SDT framework. In Experiment 2 (N = 304), we directly tested ROC symmetry by comparing performance between standard recognition tasks and a modified version where participants selected novel rather than studied items. This revealed systematic evidence for ROC asymmetry, mirroring patterns previously observed in long-term memory. Together, these findings validate fundamental SDT properties in visual working memory while revealing important characteristics shared with long-term recognition memory. Our results establish crucial constraints for recognition models and suggest common computational principles across memory systems.
Site Planning for a Network of Government-operated Weather Stations in the Dominican Republic Using Zonal Statistics from Geospatial Sources, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making, and Neighborhood Analysis
Authors: Martinez Batlle Jose , Izzo Gioiosa Michela
Published: December 2024

Many weather station networks lack sufficient representativeness, and their station density is often inadequate to capture spatial and climatic variability effectively. Optimal site selection is therefore essential to enhance spatial coverage and improve data quality. This study proposes a methodology for identifying optimal sites for a meteorological station network in the Dominican Republic, utilizing a multi-criteria decision-making framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and neighborhood analysis. Using the H3 library as a spatial indexing tool, zonal statistics were derived from geospatial variables, including seasonality, habitat heterogeneity, proximity to water bodies, slope, solar radiation, and elevation. Expert-defined weights were assigned to each variable based on their relative importance. Areas with high topographic and climatic variability were prioritized to maximize spatial representativeness. Results highlight thermal and precipitation seasonality, elevation, and solar radiation as the most influential variables, emphasizing the need to collect data in elevated areas with marked seasonality. Sites were evenly distributed across three density scenarios, ensuring robust climatic and topographic coverage while avoiding redundancy through proximity constraints to existing stations. The proposed network would provide essential data for meteorological and climatic research in the region. Future studies should assess the accessibility and feasibility of the selected sites and incorporate additional environmental variables into the framework.
Risk of Bias in Clinical Psychology Meta-Analyses (2000-2020): An Overview
Authors: Sandoval-Lentisco Alejandro , López-López José A , Sánchez-Meca Julio
Published: December 2024

One of the biggest limitations of meta-analyses is that the information they provide can be affected by the biases of the included primary studies. To address this, evaluations of primary study risk of bias (RoB) can be performed and incorporated into the meta-analysis. However, research on this topic in clinical psychology is scarce. In this study, we examined this issue using a sample of clinical psychology meta-analyses that included RoB assessments. First, we evaluated meta-analysts’ assessment practices. Second, we summarized the RoB ratings of the primary studies included in the meta-analyses. Lastly, we examined the relationship between RoB ratings and effect sizes. We found some suboptimal practices in the assessment procedures, such as only half of the studies reporting that the assessment was conducted in duplicate. Regarding RoB ratings, the domains with the highest ratings were random sequence generation, blinding of outcome assessment, and incomplete outcome data, with about half of the primary studies rated as low RoB. The lowest ratings were found for allocation concealment and, especially, blinding of participants and personnel. Importantly, we found a positive association between the publication year of the primary studies and a lower RoB in most domains. Lastly, performing our own re-analysis, we found an association between RoB and effect sizes, which contrasts with the results of the analyses reported in the meta-analyses that combined those studies. We recommend caution when interpreting a lack of modulation of effect sizes in meta-analyses, as they may not have sufficient statistical power for moderator analyses.
Framing Effects in Choices With Somewhat Risky Options
Authors: Garge Prachiti , DeKay Michael L
Published: December 2024

When a certain option and a risky option are both described as potential gains, most people choose the certain option. However, when the same two options are described as potential losses, most people choose the risky option. This famous preference pattern is known as the risky-choice framing effect. Despite the seeming rarity of sure things and all-or-none risks in real life, surprisingly little research on this framing effect has involved options with intermediate levels of risk. In this research, we identified four types of “somewhat risky” options, combined them with each other and with certain and all-or-none options to create 15 risk comparisons in both gains and losses in each of four domains (cancer, drought, investment, and wildfire), and conducted two preregistered experiments in which we varied risk comparisons between or within participants in both student and online samples (total N = 2,586 after exclusions). We found significant framing effects in almost all risk comparisons, greatly expanding the range of decisions in which framing is relevant. In addition, we used out-of-sample predictions from 13 versions of risky-choice theories to evaluate how well those theories accounted for participants’ choices. Versions of transfer-of-attention-exchange theory (TAX) generally outperformed versions of prospect theory, fuzzy-trace theory, the priority heuristic, and other accounts, although prospect theory without loss aversion outperformed TAX and the other accounts when we used an alternate set of parameter values.
The Psychophysics of Dynamic Gaze-Following Saccades During Search
Authors: Karmakar Srijita , Eckstein Miguel P
Published: December 2024

The ability to quickly and precisely follow another person’s gaze reflects important evolutionary mechanisms that underlie social interactions, such as attention modulation and prediction of future actions. Recent studies have shown that observers utilize gazer head direction and peripheral information to execute anticipatory saccades toward gaze goals. However, how anticipatory eye movements are influenced by the presence of multiple potential gaze goals, the absence of the gazer and the relative distance between the gazer and gaze goal has not been studied. In this work, we presented dynamic stimuli of gazers moving their heads to look at other individuals (gaze goals) in the scene and instructed observers to search for a target individual. We measured the accuracy of the first saccade end-point in locating the gaze goal. Firstly, we find that the absence of a gazer induces a significantly larger saccade error in estimating the goal location but only when the initial fixation location and the gaze goal location are far from each other (at least 9.07 dva apart). The first saccade’s amplitude and onset latency are significantly higher in gazer-present than in gazer-absent trials. Secondly, when multiple potential gaze goals were present in the visual periphery, the first saccade was directed to the individual closer to the initial fixation increasing the saccade accuracy in fixating closer gaze goals. Finally, we find that multiple potential gaze goals present in the visual periphery shorten saccade latencies and increase the frequency of anticipatory saccades executed prior to the completion of the gazer’s head movement. Taken together, our findings extend the understanding of eye movement control during gaze-following to complex and naturalistic scenarios.
Developing the HeART: Tracking Racial Heterogeneity in Fiction Reading Habits
Authors: Rabinowitz Maya , Alaoui-Soce Abla , Buttrick Nick , Tamir Diana
Published: December 2024

Tracing the stories people have read may help us understand their beliefs and social attitudes. In this study, we develop and validate a scale to measure racial diversity in people’s fiction reading: the Heterogenous Author Recognition Test (HeART). To validate the scale, participants completed the HeART alongside vocabulary, reading comprehension, and self-reported reading habits. Our results suggest that the HeART is a valid measure of 1) how much people read overall, and 2) the racial composition of people’s reading habits. Initial results also suggest that more diverse reading habits are associated with lower anti-Black prejudice. Together, these findings validate the HeART as a measure of the racial diversity in individuals’ long-term reading habits that may facilitate research on the relationship between habitual race-specific reading and interpersonal attitudes.
Nadrzeczne lasy łęgowe województwa śląskiego – dynamika, stan zachowania i perspektywy ochrony
Authors: Uziębło Aldona K. , Kozik Dariusz
Published: December 2024

Riverside riparian forests are communities that, while having no greater production value, offer a range of ecosystem services that make them one of the most valuable European natural habitats in the Natura 2000 network of protected areas, with priority protection status. The regulation of the restoration of natural resources (Nature Restoration Law) voted by the European Parliament in 2023 obliges Poland to take action to restore the most endangered habitats, including riverside riparian forests, in the first stage by until 2030. Recognition of the distribution, state of preservation, dynamics, threats and possibilities of protection of these forests in the Silesian Voivodeship has, on the one hand, educational value, and on the other hand, it may become a source of knowledge helpful in taking specific actions implementing the EU provisions.
The Potential Of Natural Resources As Agrotourism In North Sumatera: A Pathway To Community Empowerment
Authors: Ilvira Rika Fitri , Arumugam Nalini
Published: December 2024

In the realm of sustainable agriculture and rural development, agrotourism emerges as a promising avenue for economic growth and community empowerment. This study delves into the potential of agrotourism in North Sumatra, particularly focusing on its physical and non-physical attributes as well as community-based empowerment strategies. The background elucidates the global rise of agritainment activities and the growing significance of agrotourism in Asian countries. Despite the prevalence of agrotourism in Indonesia, North Sumatra has yet to fully harness its potential, with limited development observed in the region. To address this gap, the study employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing quantitative methods to quantify physical and non-physical potentials, followed by qualitative analysis to explore community-based agrotourism potential. The findings underscore North Sumatra's abundant natural resources, diverse agricultural commodities, and existing social institutions as key drivers for agrotourism development. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of community participation and empowerment in fostering sustainable agrotourism practices. By leveraging these potentials and fostering community engagement, North Sumatra can pave the way for inclusive economic growth, tourism enhancement, and community development. This research contributes to the understanding of agrotourism development strategies and holds implications for sustainable rural development globally.
EFFECT OF COMBRETUM INDICUM LEAVES ON LIPID PROFILE AND HEMATOLOGY OF MICE INDUCED WITH ALLOXAN
Authors: Rahayu Sekar , Aryani Retno , Rosadi Imam , Nugroho Rudy Agung
Published: December 2024

Diabetes has become one of the main causes of death throughout the world recent years. Diabetes symptoms include high blood glucose and hyperlipidemia. An rise in blood glucose can produce an increase in the amount of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the hematology profile. Consequently, this study was to ascertain how extract Combretum indicum leaves affected the lipid profile and hematological of mice given alloxan. The study sample included 36 male mice divided into six groups: normal control (KN) without treatment, negative control (K-) with alloxan treatment, positive control (K+) with alloxan and glibenclamide treatment, P1 with alloxan treatment and Combretum indicum extract dose 100 mg/kgBW, P2 with alloxan treatment and Combretum indicum extract dose 200 mg/kgBW, and P3 with alloxan treatment and Combretum indicum extract dose 400 mg/kgBW. After the mice hyperglycemia on day 3rd, the therapy was continued.  The treatment lasted for 20 days. On days 10 and 20, hematological and lipid profile measures were performed. Combretum indicum leaves have the ability to lower total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride with ascalate HDL levels on 20 days of treatment. In addition, it markedly raised the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils with escalate the quantities of lymphocytes and neutrophils in alloxan induced mice. So, in aloxan-induced mice, this extract can reduce the effects of diabetes.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT GROWING MEDIA ON THE GROWTH OF WATER SPINACH (IPOMEA REPTANS Poir) USING AQUAPONIC TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Sukma Clarasita Renadevisari Marifel , Mardliyah Auliya Tuhfatul , Handono Fidela Nur Azizah , Nurhayati Aprinia Dian
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the best-growing medium to support the growth of water spinach plants using aquaponic technology. The study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. There were four types of planting media treatments, namely, rockwool (control), cocopeat (P1), pasir malang (P2), and burnt husk (P3), there were five growth parameters observed (plant height (cm), number of leaves, stem diameter (mm), wet weight (gr), and leaf color) were monitored once a week starting from 7 HST to 28 HST. Data were analyzed using variance at a confidence level of 5% and continued with the Duncan test (DMRT) at a level of 5%. The results showed that the type of growing medium affects the growth of water spinach. pasir malang provided the best results for all plant parameters. However, it was not significantly different from burnt husk, except for stem diameter, where pasir malang differed significantly from the other treatments. Rockwool, pasir malang, and the burnt husk produced better and healthier leaf colors compared to cocopeat.
UTILIZATION OF BIOMASS WASTE WITH STEARIC ACID AS FIRE STARTER
Authors: Juang Dejan , Zulfa Arifah Devinta , Alfaroh Baiqi , Sabila Rasyad Alvin , Agustina Ana
Published: December 2024

Fire starter is a product used to ignite a flame, particularly when using firewood, and is considered a potential alternative solution for managing biomass waste in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the quality of fire starters made from sawdust, pine cones, and dry leaves, using stearic acid as an adhesive. The research consists of three stages: production of fire starter, quality testing, and data analysis. The ratios of biomass to stearic acid used in this study are 3:8, 2:7, and 1:6. The quality tests conducted include ignition time, burn duration, burning rate, flame height, and durability test. The results indicate that in the ignition time test, the fire starter made from dry leaves had the fastest ignition time (17 seconds). The burn duration test showed that sawdust was the best material (1,423 seconds). The burning rate test found that dry leaves had the best result (0.035 g/s). The flame height test revealed that sawdust produced the tallest flame (35 cm). For the durability test, all the fire starters had the same durability value (100%).
EFFECTIVENESS OF LOTUS PHYTOREMEDIATION (NYMPHAEA PUBESCENS) IN REDUCING AMMONIA AND PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATIONS IN COFFEE LIQUID WASTE
Authors: Bariroh Ghurrotul , Ulfah Maria , Prasetiyo
Published: December 2024

Based on laboratory tests of ammonia and phosphate concentrations in coffee wastewater from coffee factory in Semarang, the concentrations were found to be 8.55 and 1.01 mg/L, respectively. These high concentrations negatively impact fish farming production. Nymphaea pubescens has shown potential in remediating ammonia and phosphate concentrations in coffee wastewater. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of lotus phytoremediation (Nymphaea pubescens) in reducing ammonia and phosphate concentrations in coffee wastewater. The research method employed is true experiment with Completely Randomized Design, involving four treatments and three replications. According to ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test results, Nymphaea pubescens significantly reduced ammonia and phosphate concentrations in coffee wastewater. So far there have been no specific studies on the phytoremediation of Nymphaea pubescens for ammonia and phosphate concentrations in coffee wastewater, making this study a novel contribution. The findings suggest that this approach should be widely implemented, especially within educational settings and communities.
Modal Sosial Dan Ketahanan Ekonomi Masyarakat Terdampak Erupsi Gunung Semeru
Authors: Purwantiningsih Ary , Puryanto Sidik
Published: December 2024

he eruption of Mount Semeru has caused significant material and physical losses, as well as created uncertainty and crises across various sectors, both economic and social. The impacts of lava flows, volcanic ash, and hot debris during the eruption not only damaged property and infrastructure but also destroyed social capital which is crucial for community resilience. The resulting economic uncertainty has raised concerns about the future and hindered efforts to revitalize affected sectors. Communities that have lost jobs become vulnerable to poverty, and the loss of infrastructure slows economic recovery. Social capital, which includes social networks, norms, and trust among community members, plays a critical role in the recovery process. This research aims to describe the relationship between social capital and economic resilience among survivors of the eruption in Lumajang, East Java. The research employs a descriptive method, with data collected through questionnaires and structured interviews. The results show that communication and social involvement among survivors remain limited and tend to focus on the family circle. Participation in community groups and the giving and receiving of support from social networks are still low. However, involvement in community groups positively affects the frequency of participation, requests for and provision of assistance, and reception of various types of support. Social support is considered very important and beneficial in daily life, especially in the context of disaster recovery. The study concludes that a deep understanding of how to strengthen social capital and integrate it into economic recovery strategies is an urgent need to create a supportive social environment for sustainable and resilient economic recovery following a natural disaster.
Fulani Herders – Farmers Conflict, ECOWAS Transhumance Protocol and Human Insecurity in The Sahel Region of Africa
Authors: Ohiri Chinasa Agatha , Kazeem Olayinka Sodik
Published: December 2024

The movement of Fulani pastoralists and their cattle in search of greener pastures remains one of the most problematic security crises facing African countries. Despite spirited efforts at addressing this problem, several of these Fulani pastoralists have continued to refer to the old grazing routes, the ECOWAS Protocol on Transhumance (1998), ECOWAS Supporting Regulation (2003), and by extension the ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons and Goods to justify their unregulated grazing. This has oftentimes led to confrontations among Fulani and host communities with grave human insecurity challenges.  Existing studies on the subject matter have focused on this human insecurity in a general sense and this justifies the need to interrogate other possible security threats occasioned by Fulani pastoralists and host communities fracas. Relying on secondary sources, this study argues that despite local initiatives to address these ongoing clashes, there have been more violent attacks in Africa especially in the Sahel region with no end in sight. Given the tendency for misinterpretation of these regional initiatives as a license for unregulated grazing, there is a compelling need for governments especially ECOWAS and the African Union to re-educate concerned parties about their salient points and workings as this remains the sine qua non for peace and stability across the region especially in the Sahel.
Percepatan NIB (Nomor Induk Berusaha) Wonogiri Melibatkan Ikatan Mahasiswa Berprestasi (IMAPRES)
Authors: Muddatsir Nani Alia , Setianingsih Endang Larasati , Yuniningsih Tri
Published: December 2024

The legality of business permits is important in developing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). NIB or Business Identification Number is an identity number used by business actors to obtain business permits and commercial or operational permits. Online Single Submission (OSS) is an Electronically Integrated Business Permit application issued by the OSS institution on behalf of the Minister, Agency Head, Governor, or Regent/Mayor to business actors via electronic means integrated by the system. IMAPRES, or the Association of Achievement Students in Wonogiri Regency, is a student organization that receives scholarships in Wonogiri Regency. The goal to be achieved in the Business Identification Number or NIB acceleration program is that the Wonogiri Regency is required to complete the NIB or Business Identification Number from 294 villages. The method used uses stages such as observation or survey, counseling regarding Business Identification Numbers or NIBs, and implementation of assistance and creation of NIBs or Business Identification Numbers. The Department of Investment and One Stop Integrated Services (DPMPTSP) is collaborating with IMAPRES or the Association of Achievement Students in Wonogiri Regency to complete the NIB (Business Identification Number).
Analisis Kebijakan Penanganan Pemilih Terdampak Relokasi di Pulau Rempang Kota Batam pada Pemilu Tahun 2024
Authors: Aldino Azjandri , Iskandar Zulkarnain  , Fauzan Indra
Published: December 2024

This research aims to find out how the policy and what are the obstacles faced by the Batam City KPU in handling voters affected by relocation on Rempang Island, Batam City in the 2024 General Election. Policy analysis in this study uses David Easton's theory. Meanwhile, the analysis of the policy's obstacles is generally described based on the data and research results. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study use data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. And data validity techniques using source triangulation techniques. The results of research and discussion can be seen as input in the form of demands not to shift TPS from the initial plan that received support from various parties at the sub-district level. Then converted in the internal KPU, resulting in the output of not shifting TPS by input from the community. After that, it gets feedback on the high participation of the community in exercising their voting rights. The policy of handling voters affected by relocation in Rempang Island, Batam City in the 2024 General Election is a policy that is more responsive and adaptive to the needs of the community. The resulting policy is not only effective but can also be adjusted based on feedback and changes in the external environment. The constraints faced, namely regulatory constraints, security constraints and administrative constraints.
Politik Anggaran Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Infrastruktur di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Wibowo Ari , Situmorang Tonny , Ridho Hatta
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses politik anggaran Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Utara di bidang infrastruktur, aktor-aktor yang terlibat, dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi hambatan dalam proses tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kritis dengan konsep konstruktivisme dan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan meliputi Teori Kebijakan Publik, Teori Konsep Jaringan Kebijakan, dan Teori Politik Anggaran. Temuan penelitian menjelaskan bahwa proses politik anggaran bidang infrastruktur di Provinsi Sumatera Utara melalui dua mekanisme: administratif dan politik. Aktor utama program kebijakan bidang infrastruktur adalah Gubernur Sumatera Utara. Secara teknis, didukung oleh Sekretaris Daerah, Kepala Bappelitbangda, Kepala BPKAD, Kepala Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, serta Pimpinan DPRD, Pimpinan Fraksi, dan Pimpinan Komisi D DPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara bidang Pembangunan. Hambatan utama dalam politik anggaran bidang infrastruktur adalah hambatan komunikasi, hambatan waktu, dan hambatan implementasi.
Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Pencalonan (SILON) Pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Calon Perseorangan Tahun 2020 di Kabupaten Samosir
Authors: Silalahi Chandra Gobles , Zulakarnain Iskandar , Fauzan Indra
Published: December 2024

This research is motivated by the registration of candidacy through individual channels which are required to use access through the Candidacy Information System (SILON). However, there are still many obstacles in the system starting from the location of implementation such as in Samosir Regency with network conditions that have not been evenly stable and problems with the system. This research aims to explain how the use of the nomination information system at the stage of registration of candidates through individual channels in Samosir Regency and analyze what are the obstacles in using the system. This research method is descriptive qualitative which presents the facts found comprehensively with data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and observation. The results showed that the Samosir Regency KPU has implemented a nomination information system in the 2020 Regional Head election for individual candidates in the Samosir Regency by the technical instructions and stages specified. However, the use and workings of the system have not been optimal to support the efficiency and principles of the KPU with frequent system changes and environmental conditions that have not been supportive. In every process of use, it is necessary to evaluate policies in the nomination information system.