bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The expression of futurity in Spanish and Portuguese: similarities and differences
Authors: Cunha Luís Filipe
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The primary goal of this paper is to establish a comparison between the two most important forms that express futurity in Spanish and in European Portuguese, viz. the Futuro Simple / Futuro Simples (Simple Future) and the structure ir (‘go’) a / ir (‘go’) + Infinitive. Whereas the Simple Future behaves quite similarly in both languages, conveying temporal information of posteriority that may be strongly constrained by modal and aspectual factors, the periphrastic construction differs considerably in Spanish and in European Portuguese. In effect, contrary to its Spanish counterpart, which is considered, in the literature, ambiguous between an aspectual (prospective) and a temporal (future) operator, the data from European Portuguese point towards a consistent temporal meaning for the structure ir (‘go’) + Infinitive. So, we investigate the conditions under which these forms are licenced, in order to describe their semantic similarities and differences; moreover, since they both mainly bear temporal information, we compare the behaviour of the European Portuguese Simple Future and the structure ir (‘go’) + Infinitive, proposing that the former is less restricted than the latter: besides the location of a given situation in a future interval, ir (‘go’) + Infinitive seems to require an additional temporal boundary preventing the relevant eventuality to overlap the speech time.
Epifenomenología diacrónica
Authors: Elvira Javier
Published: June 2022

Respuesta de Javier Elvira a la réplica de José Luis Mendívil.
Multi-Criteria Parameter Factor in the Assessment of Public Cloud Services Providers’ Associated Risks
Authors: Aju Omojokun Gabriel
Published: June 2022

The cloud computing technology is indisputably assisting individuals, businesses and institutions in increasing their capability, productivity and efficiency. It has eliminated the border restriction of obtaining specialized computing resources and expertise that are not available locally to the organizations and individuals without the need to invest in new infrastructure. However, in spite of the immeasurable benefits the technology promises, it has also raised major challenges, particularly as regards its information security and service availability, stressing the need for an elaborate technique of assessing the associated risk of selecting a particular public cloud services provider among available alternatives using the right risk criteria. This paper proposes an expanded multi-criteria risk parameters for the evaluation of public cloud service providers’ associated risk to produce a more accurate results that meets the dynamic nature of the cloud technology.
Conexión textual y escritura en narraciones escolares
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Álvarez Gerardo
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se estudia el uso que hacen niños escolares de los nexos interoracionales o conectores, en la medida en que este uso es revelador de un aspecto de su competencia discursiva y textual, a saber, su capacidad de expresar las relaciones existentes o postuladas entre las oraciones del texto. Con un marco teórico que asocia la teoría de la enunciación y la teoría de la estructura de los textos, y con un corpus de 120 narraciones escritas, se examina tanto el sistema de marcas de puntuación interoracional como el sistema de conectores­ organizadores del texto. Se encuentra un mayor número de fallas de coherencia local en los niños del estrato sociocultural bajo, asociadas con un mal manejo de las marcas de puntuación, en la parataxis, y con la mayor frecuencia de conexiones ambiguas.
Tres aportes de la Sicolingüística a la ciencia de la Traducción
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diéguez M. M.I. Isabel , M.I. Isabel Mizón M. M.I. Isabel ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Hoven, René. "Lexique de la prose latine de la Renaissance" (Leiden - New York - Köln: E. J. Brill, 1993; XXXII + 427 págs.)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Arbea G. Antonio
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Disponibilidad léxica: muestreo y estadísticos
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Valencia Alba
Published: June 2022

Considerando la importancia que tiene el léxico para el crecimiento cognitivo del ser humano, se realizó una investigación para conocer cuánto y cuál es el vocabulario de los estudiantes chilenos del último curso de Enseñanza Me­dia, con la finalidad de colaborar a la planificación escolar en este aspecto. En este artículo se presentan los pasos metodológicos para la recolección del corpus: la muestra de carácter nacional con parámetros pioneros en este tipo de estudios, la encuesta, los estadísticos resultantes y las conclusiones preli­minares
Conectores discursivos en textos expositivos y argumentativos a nivel de parágrafo
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Pérez Rifo Mónica
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo presenta una descripción semántico-pragmática de los conectores en el nivel temático del parágrafo en dos tipos de textos. Se describe esta unidad textual y se verifica que la estructura de un parágrafo difiere según el tipo de texto, lo que tiene repercusión en el empleo de los conectores discursivos. Se muestra la importancia de estos enlaces en la organización de un discurso y cómo desde los operadores abstractos se llega a los usos concretos y a los distintos efectos expresivos.
En torno a una pedagogía centrada en el estudiante: el método "aprendizaje a través de problemas" aplicado a la terminología
Authors:   Universidad de Montreal (Canadá), Cormier Monique
Published: June 2022

Este artículo presenta un nuevo enfoque pedagógico llamado “Aprendizaje a través de problemas” (APP) y muestra, por medio de un ejemplo concreto, cómo éste puede utilizarse en la enseñanza de la terminología con el fin de lograr una óptima formación de los estudiantes en este campo. Da prioridad a los alumnos, a los cuales se les proponen problemas que deben ser resueltos en grupos y bajo la supervisión del profesor. Este método surgió en los años 80 en la enseñanza de la medicina y se ha aplicado con éxito en varios países en diferentes áreas del saber.
Benedicto Chuaqui: Griego para medicina: primer libro
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Arbea G. Antonio
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Datos sobre la gestión conversacionalen jóvenes chilenos escolarizados y no escolarizados
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Mizón M. Isabel , Oyanedel F. M. Marcela ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: June 2022

La investigación persigue problematizar, desde la lingüística aplicada, la capacidad de comunicación oral de los adolescentes chilenos y, más específicamente, la calidad de su interacción conversacional. En forma particular, aborda el factor “actitudes de colaboración o rechazo en la construcción temática”, tanto en su manera de manifestarse como en su incidencia enla calidad de la conversación.
¿Cómo evaluar el conocimiento que tienen los lectores acerca de sus procesos de lectura?
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Núñez L. Paulina , Crespo a. Nina ,   Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
Published: June 2022

El objetivo principal de este estudio es presentar un instrumento de evalua-ción del conocimiento metacomprensivo, elaborado a partir de categorías emergentes durante la aplicación de dos entrevistas en profundidad a 50 sujetos de Valparaíso, Chile, que cursan primer año de estudios universita-rios. Entre las categorías de análisis referidas a partir de lo expresado por los lectores, es posible distinguir tres tipos de saberes distintos: de objetivos de lectura (por qué leo), de estrategias de comprensión (qué hago para compren-der) y de experiencias o sensaciones metacognitivas que acompañan y afec-tan la lectura (qué siento). La intención ha sido diseñar, por medio de méto-dos cualitativos y cuantitativos, un sistema de evaluación que permita desta-car la calidad de un conocimiento en torno a una categoría, más que la cantidad de ideas relacionadas con ella. Finalmente, el estudio presenta resul-tados generales obtenidos a partir de la aplicación de este instrumento a 52 alumnos que cursan 4º año de Enseñanza Media pertenecientes a estableci-mientos educacionales de Valparaíso, Chile.
Epicuro: carta a Meneceo
Authors: Oyarzún R. Pablo
Published: June 2022

Se presenta aquí una nueva traducción del documento principal de la ética epicúrea, la carta a Meneceo (s. IV a.C.), acompañado de un conjunto de notas que comentan el texto.
NOTA SOBRE LA HISTORICIDAD DE LA ESCENA DEL JARDÍN DE MILÁN EN LAS CONFESIONES DE SAN AGUSTÍN
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Correia Manuel A.
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
La labor traductográfica y la filosofía traductológica de San Jerónimo en su marco biográfico
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Vega Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Clinico-pathological Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea with Microscopic Colitis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: . Girija , Sheeladevi CS , Aradhya HV
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Chronic diarrhea is common in the older population accounting for 7-9 % which often markedly affects their quality of life. The causes are many and include infectious, endocrine, metabolic, neoplastic, functional, drugs. Microscopic Colitis (MC) has emerged as a distinct diagnostic entity, where the colon appears endoscopically normal, but the biopsy reveals characteristic features in the mucosa. It has two histological forms i.e, Collagenous Colitis (CC) and Lymphocytic Colitis (LC). Aim: To study the clinico-pathological spectrum of lesions in random colonic biopsies of patients with chronic diarrhea having normal colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pathology at JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India, from October 2017 to September 2019. Multiple random biopsies were taken from 80 patients with chronic diarrhea who had normal colonoscopy. The slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s Trichrome Stain (MTS). The histological features were studied under light microscopy and using computer-assisted image analysis. The Chi-square test was used to statistically analyse the data. Results: The age of patients ranged from 11-82 years with a mean age of 43 years. Out of total 80 patients, 65 (81.25%) of the cases had non specific inflammation, 14 (17.4%) had microscopic colitis and one patient (1.25%) had probable eosinophilic colitis. The histological features were observed in computer-assisted image analysis using morphometry and interpreted by two pathologists with agreement. Conclusion: Random biopsies are required for the diagnosis of microscopic colitis in the absence of macroscopic abnormalities on colonoscopy, which may affect the treatment strategy. A histologic examination combined with histochemical stain MTS and interpretation utilising computerized image analysis program with morphometry is more effective in cases with diagnostic uncertainty.
Printing‐Scalable Ti3C2Tx MXene‐Decorated Janus Separator with Expedited Zn2+ Flux toward Stabilized Zn Anodes
Authors: Su Yiwen , Liu Bingzhi , Zhang Qihui , Peng Jun , Wei Chaohui , Li Shuo , Li Weiping , Xue Zaikun , Yang Xianzhong , Sun Jingyu
Published: June 2022

Separator modification has recently blossomed as an effective strategy to enable dendrite‐free Zn metal anodes. Nonetheless, the explored avenues are not conducive to mass production by far, and little attention is paid to the essence of separator regulation. Herein, a scalable Ti3C2Tx MXene‐decorated Janus separator is designed by spray‐printing MXene nanosheets over one side of commercial glass fibre (GF). The thus‐derived MXene‐GF separator affords abundant surface polar groups, good electrolyte wettability, and high ionic conductivity, which is beneficial to homogenizing local current distribution and promoting Zn nucleation kinetics. It is noted that MXene‐GF displays adjustable dielectric constants with an optimized value of 53.5, offering a directional electrical field to expedite Zn‐ion flux and repel anions. Accordingly, dendrite‐free Zn anode equipped within symmetric cells can be achieved with MXene‐GF, enabling a stable cycling for 1180 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1200 h at 5 mA cm−2. More impressively, the assembled aqueous Zn‐ion battery full cell with Janus MXene‐GF separator realizes a favorable capacity retention ratio (77.9%) upon cycling for 1000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1. This strategy with scalability and effectiveness offers a new insight into high‐performance metal anodes.
Sub‐Nanometer Fe Clusters Confined in Carbon Nanocages for Boosting Dielectric Polarization and Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Gao Tong , Zhao Rongzhi , Li Yixing , Zhu Zhenying , Hu Chenglong , Ji Lianze , Zhang Jian , Zhang Xuefeng
Published: June 2022

Compositing dielectric and magnetic components have been proven effective in optimizing electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, in which the dielectric loss capacity can be reinforced by the polarization effects of hetero‐substitutions. Here, the dielectric polarization through the energy transformation between the relatively complex permeability and permittivity in nitrogen‐doped carbon nanocages (NCNs) with sub‐nanometer Fe clusters is further boosted. As a transition state between single Fe atoms and Fe3O4 nanoparticles hetero‐substitutions, these subnanometer Fe clusters confined in NCNs can be achieved by carbonizing FePc@ZIF‐8 composites at 900 °C. Benefitting from their unique structures, an enhanced dielectric loss tangent of 1.57 is obtained at 10 GHz, which is 3.0 and 1.6 times higher than those of single Fe atoms and Fe3O4 nanoparticles hetero‐substitutions, respectively. Furthermore, the minimum reflection loss can reach −64.75 dB at 7.1 GHz (2.7 mm) and the effective absorption bandwidth is 6.2 GHz (11.8–18 GHz, covering the full P‐band) at 1.7 mm. The present study provides intrinsic insight into the dielectric polarization behaviors in subnanometer hetero‐substitutions, inspiring the design of high‐performance EM absorption materials.
Asymmetrically Enhanced Coplanar‐Electrode Electroluminescence for Information Encryption and Ultrahighly Stretchable Displays
Authors: Yang Biao , Zhao Yiqian , Ali Muhammad Umair , Ji Junpeng , Yan Hao , Zhao Changbin , Cai Yulu , Zhang Chaohong , Meng Hong
Published: June 2022

Traditional alternating‐current‐driven electroluminescent (AC‐EL) devices adopting a sandwich structure are commonly used in solid‐state lighting and displays, while the emerging coplanar‐electrode alternating‐current‐driven light‐emitting variants manifest excellent application prospects in intelligent, multifunctional, and full‐color displays, and sensing purposes. In this work, an asymmetrically enhanced coplanar‐electrode AC‐EL device with a universal and straightforward architecture is designed based on the impedance adjustment strategy. This newly devised asymmetric structure extends the functionalities of the coplanar‐electrode AC‐EL devices by overcoming the bottlenecks of complicated patterning procedures and high driving voltages of symmetric configuration. The developed device design enables a new type of information encryption and ultrahighly stretchable patterned displays. Notably, the novel encryption appliances demonstrate feasible encryption/decryption features, multiple encryptions, and practical applicability; the biaxially stretchable display devices achieve the highest tensile performance in the field of stretchable electroluminescent pattern displays, and outperform the ultrahighly stretchable sandwich devices in terms of simple patterning process, higher brightness, wider color gamut, and long‐term stability. The proposed configuration opens up new avenues for AC‐EL devices toward a plethora of smart applications in wearable electronics with intelligent displays, dynamic interaction of human‐machine interface, and soft robotics.
Electrochemical Construction of Edge‐Contacted Metal‐Semiconductor Junctions with Low Contact Barrier
Authors: Ping Xiaofan , Liu Weigang , Wu Yueyang , Xu Guanchen , Chen Fengen , Li Guangtao , Jiao Liying
Published: June 2022

2D semiconductors, such as MoS2 have emerged as promising ultrathin channel materials for the further scaling of field‐effect transistors (FETs). However, the contact barrier at the metal‐2D semiconductor junctions still significantly limits the device's performance. By extending the application of electrochemical deposition in 2D electronics, a distinct approach is developed for constructing metal‐2D semiconductor junctions in an edge‐contacted configuration through the edge‐guided electrodeposition of varied metals. Both high‐resolution microscopic imaging and electrical transport measurements confirm the successful creation of high‐quality Pd‐2D MoS2 junctions in desired geometry by combining electrodeposition with lithographic patterning. FETs are fabricated on the obtained Pd‐2D MoS2 junctions and it is confirmed that these junctions exhibit a reduced contact barrier of ≈20 meV and extremely low contact resistance of 290 Ω µm and thus increase the averaged mobility of MoS2 FETs to ≈108 cm2 V −1 s−1. This approach paves a new way for the construction of metal‐semiconductor junctions and also demonstrates the great potential of the electrochemical deposition technique in 2D electronics.
Entropy‐Driven Self‐Healing of Metal Oxides Assisted by Polymer–Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Authors: Yurkevich Oksana , Modin Evgeny , Šarić Iva , Petravić Mladen , Knez Mato
Published: June 2022

Enabling self‐healing of materials is crucially important for saving resources and energy in numerous emerging applications. While strategies for the self‐healing of polymers are advanced, mechanisms for semiconducting inorganic materials are scarce due to the lack of suitable healing agents. Here a concept for the self‐healing of metal oxides is developed. This concept consists of metal oxide nanoparticle growth inside the bulk of halogenated polymers and their subsequent entropy‐driven migration to externally induced defect sites, leading to recovery of the defect. Herein, it is demonstrated that the pool of self‐healing materials is expanded to include semiconductors, thereby increasing the reliability and sustainability of functional materials through the use of metal oxides. It is revealed that electrical properties of tin‐doped indium oxide can be partially restored upon healing. Such properties are of immediate interest for the further development of transparent flexible electrodes.
Highly Sensitive Tungsten Oxide Thin Film‐Based Field‐Effect Transistor for Real‐Time Monitoring of Dissolved Ammonia in Human Plasma
Authors: Sharma Sumit , Moudgil Akshay , Singh Sanjay , Das Samaresh , Mishra Prashant
Published: June 2022

Field‐effect transistors (FETs) based on metal‐oxide thin film have the advantage of excellent sensitivity, fast response, miniaturized size, and compatibility with bio‐analytes. In this work, a highly responsive FET biosensor is fabricated based on tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin film to detect the physiological concentration of total ammonia (ammonium NH4+ and NH3) in human body fluids. The elevated level of ammonia in the body fluids indicates damage or improper functioning of organs mainly the liver. Thus, real‐time monitoring of ammonia concentration in human body fluid acts as a prognostic marker for liver disorders. The fabricated FET device shows reliable and accurate results for ammonia sensing with the highest response of 498 at 100 µM and a limit of detection of 6 µM. This device measures the ammonia in body fluid faster than available techniques and shows a high response towards ammonia in commercially available human plasma. This is also capable of real‐time detection of very low concentrations of ammonia (2 µM) with a wide range from 2 to 100 µM. Also, the prospect of the device's batch fabrication is demonstrated with consistent and high stability performance. This study demonstrates a unique and stable sensing platform, capable of direct detection of ammonia concentration in human plasma for point of care applications.
Smooth or with a Snap! Biomechanics of Trap Reopening in the Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula)
Authors: Durak Grażyna M. , Thierer Rebecca , Sachse Renate , Bischoff Manfred , Speck Thomas , Poppinga Simon
Published: June 2022

Fast snapping in the carnivorous Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) involves trap lobe bending and abrupt curvature inversion (snap‐buckling), but how do these traps reopen? Here, the trap reopening mechanics in two different D. muscipula clones, producing normal‐sized (N traps, max. ≈3 cm in length) and large traps (L traps, max. ≈4.5 cm in length) are investigated. Time‐lapse experiments reveal that both N and L traps can reopen by smooth and continuous outward lobe bending, but only L traps can undergo smooth bending followed by a much faster snap‐through of the lobes. Additionally, L traps can reopen asynchronously, with one of the lobes moving before the other. This study challenges the current consensus on trap reopening, which describes it as a slow, smooth process driven by hydraulics and cell growth and/or expansion. Based on the results gained via three‐dimensional digital image correlation (3D‐DIC), morphological and mechanical investigations, the differences in trap reopening are proposed to stem from a combination of size and slenderness of individual traps. This study elucidates trap reopening processes in the (in)famous Dionaea snap traps – unique shape‐shifting structures of great interest for plant biomechanics, functional morphology, and applications in biomimetics, i.e., soft robotics.
Interatomic Electronegativity Offset Dictates Selectivity When Catalyzing the CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Hao Jican , Zhuang Zechao , Hao Jiace , Wang Chan , Lu Shuanglong , Duan Fang , Xu Fangping , Du Mingliang , Zhu Han
Published: June 2022

Achieving efficient efficiency and selectivity for the electroreduction of CO2 to value‐added feedstocks has been challenging, due to the thermodynamic stability of CO2 molecules and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, a dual‐single‐atom catalyst consisting of atomically dispersed CuN4 and NiN4 bimetal sites is synthesized with electrospun carbon nanofibers (CuNi‐DSA/CNFs). Theoretical and experimental studies reveal the strong electron interactions induced by the electronegativity offset between the Cu and Ni atoms. The delicately averaged and compensated electronic structures result in an offset effect that optimizes the adsorption strength of the *COOH intermediate and boosts the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) kinetics, notably promoting the intrinsic activity and selectivity of the catalyst. The CuNi‐DSA/CNFs catalyst exhibits an outstanding FECO of 99.6% across a broad potential window of −0.78– −1.18 V (vs the reversible hydrogen electrode), a high turnover frequency of 2870 h–1, and excellent durability (25 h). Furthermore, an aqueous Zn‐CO2 battery for CO2 power conversion is constructed. This atomic‐level electronegativity offset of the dual‐atom structures provides an appealing direction to develop advanced electrocatalysts for the CO2RR.
Computation of the chiral anomaly in the bulk quantization
Authors: Klose T. , Marculescu S.
Published: June 2022

The bulk quantization method is used for regularizing a conventional four dimensional theory of massless fermions coupled to an external non‐Abelian gauge field and for subsequently evaluating the associated Ward identity. As a result one obtains the well‐known chiral anomaly.
The first second of the Universe
Authors: Schwarz D.J.
Published: June 2022

The history of the Universe after its first second is now tested by high quality observations of light element abundances and temperature anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. The epoch of the first second itself has not been tested directly yet; however, it is constrained by experiments at particle and heavy ion accelerators. Here I attempt to describe the epoch between the electroweak transition and the primordial nucleosynthesis. The most dramatic event in that era is the quark‐hadron transition at 10 μs. Quarks and gluons condense to form a gas of nucleons and light mesons, the latter decay subsequently. At the end of the first second, neutrinos and neutrons decouple from the radiation fluid. The quark‐hadron transition and dissipative processes during the first second prepare the initial conditions for the synthesis of the first nuclei. As for the cold dark matter (CDM), WIMPs (weakly interacting massive particles) – the most popular candidates for the CDM – decouple from the presently known forms of matter, chemically (freeze‐out) at 10 ns and kinetically at 1 ms. The chemical decoupling fixes their present abundances and dissipative processes during and after thermal decoupling set the scale for the very first WIMP clouds.
The distinction of integer and fractional Quantum Hall Effect is a mathematical artifact without physical merit
Authors: Post E.J.
Published: June 2022

Many body wave function assessments of the quantum Hall effect are compared with a global assessment using Aharonov‐Bohm and Gauss‐Ampère period‐integrals as counters of flux and charge quanta. Experiment pleads in favor of a two quanta unified description in terms of flux and charge numbers.
Antiferromagnetic and superconducting gaps and their interrelation in high‐Tc cuprates
Authors: Arrigoni E. , Zacher M.G. , Eckl T. , Hanke W.
Published: June 2022

We propose a phenomenological model, comprising a microscopic SO(5) model plus the on‐site Hubbard interaction U (projected SO(5) model) to understand the interrelation between the d‐wave‐gap modulation observed by recent angle‐resolved photoemission experiments in the insulating antiferromagnet Ca2CuO2Cl2 and the d‐wave gap of high‐Tc superconducting materials. The on‐site interaction U is important in order to produce a Mott gap of the correct order of magnitude, which would be absent in an exact SO(5) theory. The projected SO(5)‐model explains the gap characteristics, namely both the symmetry and the different order of magnitude of the gap modulations between the AF and the SCc phases. Furthermore, it is shown that the projected SO(5) theory can provide an explanation for a recent observation [E. Pavarini et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 47003 (2001)], i. e. that the maximum Tc observed in a large variety of high‐Tc cuprates scales with the next‐nearest‐neighbor hopping matrix element t′.
Radion‐induced gravitational wave oscillations and their phenomenology
Authors: Barvinsky A.O. , Kamenshchik A.Yu. , Rathke A. , Kiefer C.
Published: June 2022

We discuss the theory and phenomenology of the interplay between the massless graviton and its massive Kaluza‐Klein modes in the Randall‐Sundrum two‐brane model. The equations of motion of the transverse traceless degrees of freedom are derived by means of a Green function approach as well as from an effective nonlocal action. The second procedure clarifies the extraction of the particle content from the nonlocal action and the issue of its diagonalization. The situation discussed is generic for the treatment of two‐brane models if the on‐brane fields are used as the dynamical degrees of freedom. The mixing of the effective graviton modes of the localized action can be interpreted as radion‐induced gravitational‐wave oscillations, a classical analogy to meson and neutrino oscillations. We show that these oscillations arising in M‐theory‐motivated braneworld setups could lead to effects detectable by gravitational‐wave interferometers. The implications of this effect for models with ultra‐light gravitons are discussed.
A new look at the derivation of the Schrödinger equation from Newtonian mechanics
Authors: Fritsche L. , Haugk M.
Published: June 2022

We present a modified version of Nelson's seminal paper on the derivation of the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation which draws on the equation of motion of a particle that moves under the influence of a classical force field and additional stochastic forces. The emphasis of our elaboration is focused on the implication of allowing stochastic forces to occur, viz. that the energy E of the particle is no longer conserved on its trajectory in a conservative force field. We correlate this departure Δ E from its classical energy with the energy/time uncertainty relation where Δ t is the average time for Δ E to persist. The stability of atoms, the zero‐point energy of oscillators, the tunneling effect and the diffraction at slits are shown to be directly connected with the occurrence of such energy fluctuations. We discuss and rederive Nelson's theory entirely from this point of view and generalize his approach to systems of N particles which interact via pair forces. Achieving reversibility in a description of particle motion that is akin to Brownian motion, represents a salient point of the derivation. We demonstrate that certain objections raised against Nelson's theory are without substance. We also try to put the particular worldview of this version of stochastic quantum mechanics into perspective with regard to the established Copenhagen interpretation.
Remarks on a functional differential equation
Authors: Hoenselaers C.
Published: June 2022

In this paper we shall study the functional differential equation . After recapitulating some known results we give some estimates and show the results of numerical calculations.
Influence of surface roughness on subdominant pairing in d‐wave superconductors
Authors: Lück T.
Published: June 2022

We study a d‐wave superconductor with dominant d‐wave order parameter and subdominant pairing in either the s‐ or the dxy‐wave channel near a surface. In particular we analyze the influence of surface roughness on the mixed order parameter which may break the time‐reversal symmetry. We find that the subdominant component is suppressed by the roughness independent of its pairing symmetry; for very rough surfaces the subdominant component may even vanish completely. Additionally we discuss a possible real‐valued admixture which counteracts the suppression of the d‐wave order parameter at the surface.
Uniqueness of conserved currents in quantum mechanics
Authors: Holland P.
Published: June 2022

It is proved by a functional method that the conventional expression for the Dirac current is the only conserved 4‐vector implied by the Dirac equation that is a function of just the quantum state. The demonstration is extended to derive the unique conserved currents implied by the coupled Maxwell‐Dirac equations and the Klein‐Gordon equation. The uniqueness of the usual Pauli and Schrödinger currents follows by regarding these as the non‐relativistic limits of the Dirac and Klein‐Gordon currents, respectively. The existence and properties of further conserved vectors that are not functions of just the state is examined.
The fifth dimension: Theodor Kaluza's ground‐breaking idea
Authors: Wuensch D.
Published: June 2022

Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954) attracted the attention of the physical community since 1921 with his unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism in five dimensions. Despite Einstein's great interest in Kaluza's theory, 50 years elapsed before it contributed toward a paradigm shift in modern theoretical physics. The biography of this still unknown scientist is briefly presented along with an outline of his work in physics. A short history of the theories of unification and the dimensionality of space‐time is followed by a discussion of the significance of Kaluza's five‐dimensional unified theory in modern physics from the point of view of superstring and M‐theory.
Interference of probabilities and number field structure of quantum models
Authors: Khrennikov A.
Published: June 2022

We study the probabilistic consequences of the choice of the basic number field in the quantum formalism. We demonstrate that by choosing a number field for a linear space representation of quantum model it is possible to describe various interference phenomena. We analyse interference of probabilistic alternatives induced by real, complex, hyperbolic (Clifford) and p‐adic representations.
Mechanics with variable‐order differential operators
Authors: Coimbra C.F.M.
Published: June 2022

This work presents the novel concept of Variable‐Order (VO) Calculus through the description of a simple problem in Mechanics. A mathematical definition for the VO‐differential operator that is suitable to mechanical modelling is proposed, and an example concerning the effect of nonuniform viscoelastic frictional forces is described. A numerical method for the solution of Variable Order Differential Equations (VODEs) is proposed. The physical model under study requires mathematical tools that lie beyond the traditional methods of Constant‐Order (CO) differential equations. The VO‐Calculus formulation is compared to a CO‐Calculus model in order to show the limitations of the latter in resolving the transition between the relevant dynamic regimes.
Growth and characterization of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3/Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3/La0.8Sr0.2MnO3heterostructures for three‐dimensional circuit studies
Authors: Hong X. , Xiao F. , Reiner J.W. , Posadas A. , Ahn C.H.
Published: June 2022

The structural and electronic properties of epitaxial colossal magnetoresistive oxide (CMR) / ferroelectric / CMR trilayers have been examined to investigate the feasibility of building all‐oxide three‐dimensional (3D) circuits. Epitaxial Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3(PZT) films sandwiched by ultrathin La0.8Sr0.2MnO3(LSMO) layers have been fabricated using off‐axis magnetron sputtering, with high crystalline quality and smooth surfaces having been obtained. Both the top and bottom layers of LSMO exhibit CMR behavior.
Cathodoluminescence of selected single ZnO nanowires on sapphire
Authors: Lorenz M. , Lenzner J. , Kaidashev E.M. , Hochmuth H. , Grundmann M.
Published: June 2022

Cathodoluminescence (CL) investigations of selected single ZnO nanowires grown by a thermal vapor‐liquid‐solid process demonstrate their very good structural quality. The low temperature CL of the ZnO nanowires of about 100 nm diameter shows in the spectral range of the donor bound exciton three main peaks at 3.366, 3.362, and 3.358 eV. The full width at half maximum of the bound exciton peak is 1.1 meV for ZnO nanowires at 9 K. In comparison, the peak widths of epitaxial ZnO PLD thin films and a ZnO bulk single crystal (Eagle Picher) are 1.2 meV and 0.7 meV, respectively. In contradiction to ZnO nanowires grown by MOCVD at 750°C, the CL spectra of the thermally (915°C) grown ZnO nanowires show no additional peaks from donor or acceptor transitions or phonon replica.
Transport properties of reduced SrTiO3 single crystal “thin films”
Authors: Takahashi K.S. , Matthey D. , Jaccard D. , Triscone J.‐M.
Published: June 2022

SrTiO3 single crystal surfaces were reduced using an hydrogen plasma cleaning method at room temperature. Transport measurements show that the reduced SrTiO3 surfaces are metallic with mobilities as high as 2.4 × 103 cm2/Vs at 10 K, comparable to those of bulk single crystals. The average carrier concentration is deduced to be ∼ 1 × 1018 cm‐3 and the reduced thickness ∼ 0.65 µm.
Difference in individual layer properties in cuprate/manganite structures deposited by laser ablation
Authors: Chakalov R.A. , Jeynes C. , Mikheenko P. , Allsworth M.D. , Darlington C.N.W. , Colclough M.S. , Muirhead C.M.
Published: June 2022

We report measurements of the electrical and magnetic properties of bilayers of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) and La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO) deposited on SrTiO3 substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition. We find distinct differences in the properties depending on the order of the deposition, with the lower layer always being degraded. In particular, the YBCO has a Tc suppressed to ∼ 60 K when it is covered by LCMO. We argue that the effect is not due to an electronic interaction, but results from a reduction in the oxygen content of the YBCO by the LCMO.
Influence of gamma radiation on the electrical properties of MnO and MnO/TeO2 thin films
Authors: Arshak K. , Korostynska O.
Published: June 2022

The pure and mixed oxide materials, such as manganese oxide (MnO) and tellurium dioxide (TeO2), in the form of thermally deposited thin films were studied in terms of their susceptibility to gamma radiation exposure. Radiation‐induced changes in their electrical properties indicated the level of radiation damage. These thin film devices showed increase in values of current by the increase in the radiation dose. The dose response was found to be composition‐ and thickness‐dependant.
Leakage current through high permittivity thin films
Authors: Schroeder H. , Schmitz S.
Published: June 2022

For the leakage current through high‐permittivity, low‐electronic mobility, perovskite‐type thin films a bulk‐limited conduction mechanism is suggested, in contrast to the often assumed interface injection limitation. This model can successfully describe measured leakage data of field, temperature, thickness and electrode dependence in SrTiO3 and Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 thin films.
Proximity effect in oxide superconductor/ferromagnet films
Authors: Bacca E. , Pérez F. , Gross K. , Prieto P. , Morán O. , Hott R.
Published: June 2022

We fabricated high‐quality YBa2Cu3O7‐δ/La2/3Ca1/3 MnO3 bilayers with 10 monolayers (∼ 12 nm) thin superconducting YBa2Cu3O7‐δ (YBCO)layers on top of ferromagnetic La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO) layers with a thickness varied between 5 and 35 monolayers (∼ 2–13 nm). We measured the transport properties of the YBCO layers and the magnetic properties of the LCMO layers as a function of the LCMO layer thickness. We observed a smooth linear increase of the Curie temperature TC of the LCMO layer in the investigated thickness range, but a sudden strong decrease of the superconducting critical temperature Tc of the YBCO layer at a critical LCMO thickness of ∼ 12 nm. Since no dramatic change of the structural quality of the YBCO layers is observed we conclude that the increasing magnetization strength in the LCMO layer is responsible for the Tc suppression in the YBCO layer via proximity effect.
Fabrication and characterisation of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 submicron grain boundary junctions
Authors: Gunnarsson R. , Charlebois S. , Liljenfors T. , Ivanov Z. , Olsson E.
Published: June 2022

We have successfully fabricated LSMO grain boundary bicrystal junctions with widths down to 200 nm. The grain boundaries are symmetric with misorientation angles of 24° or 36.8°, and the microbridges are positioned across those with a precision better than ±0.5 µm. Grain boundary magnetoresistance is observed in the wider junctions but not in the most narrow junction.
Temperature and electric field response of a dielectric (Ba,Sr)TiO3 layer between perovskite‐type manganite electrodes
Authors: Khamchane K. , Boikov Yu.A. , Ivanov Z.G.
Published: June 2022

Epitaxial films of ferroelectric (00l)Ba0.25Sr0.75TiO3 (BSTO) and ferromagnetic half metal La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 were grown by laser ablation, forming a trilayer heterostructure with combined ferroelectric and magnetic properties, on (001)(LaAlO4)0.3 + (Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 substrates. Maxima TM in the dielectric permittivity of ϵ of the BSTO film were 30–50 K lower than in bulk and ϵ follows a Curie‐Weiss law above TM. The ϵ was suppressed up to 50% at ±2.5 V between the electrodes. Below 100 K, loss function tan δ was found to be 0.005–0.01 at 1 kHz and 100 kHz.
Peculiar relics from Primordial Black Holes in the inflationary paradigm
Authors: Barrau A. , Blais D. , Boudoul G. , Polarski D.
Published: June 2022

Depending on various assumptions on the energy scale of inflation and assuming a primordial power spectrum of a step‐like structure, we explore new possibilities for Primordial Black Holes (PBH) and Planck relics to contribute substantially to Cold Dark Matter in the Universe. A recently proposed possibility to produce Planck relics in four‐dimensional string gravity is considered in this framework. Possible experimental detection of PBHs through gravitational waves is also explored. We stress that inflation with a low energy scale, and also possibly when Planck relics are produced, leads unavoidably to relics originating from PBHs that are not effectively classical during their formation, rendering the usual formalism inadequate for them.
Harmonium
Authors: Karwowski J. , Cyrnek L.
Published: June 2022

The eigenvalue problem of a Hamiltonian describing two interacting particles confined by an external harmonic‐oscillator potential is analyzed. If the particles are identical, the system is referred to as harmonium. Harmonium belongs to very few non‐trivial two‐particle systems for which the Schrödinger equation is not only separable but also, for several interaction potentials and for a set of the coupling constants, quasi‐exactly solvable. In particular, the complete spectrum of harmonium has been obtained and analyzed. Also some aspects or relativistic generalizations of the model are briefly discussed.
Reduced density matrices, their spectral resolutions, and the Kimball‐Overhauser approach
Authors: Ziesche P. , Tasnádi F.
Published: June 2022

Recently, it has been shown, that the pair density of the homogeneous electron gas can be parametrized in terms of 2‐body wave functions (geminals), which are scattering solutions of an effective 2‐body Schrödinger equation. For the corresponding scattering phase shifts, new sum rules are reported in this paper. These sum rules describe not only the normalization of the pair density (similar to the Friedel sum rule of solid state theory), but also the contraction of the 2‐body reduced density matrix. This allows one to calculate also the momentum distribution, provided that the geminals are known from an appropriate screening of the Coulomb repulsion. An analysis is presented leading from the definitions and (contraction and spectral) properties of reduced density matrices to the Kimball‐Overhauser approach and its generalizations. Thereby cumulants are used. Their size‐extensivity is related to the thermodynamic limit.

See erratum Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 13, 624 (2004)
Pattern formation in semiconductors: control of spatio‐temporal dynamics
Authors: Schöll E.
Published: June 2022

Semiconductors driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium by an applied dc voltage exhibit a variety of spatio‐temporal electronic instabilities including complex and chaotic scenarios. We study stabilization of chaotic spatio‐temporal patterns in spatially extended semiconductor models by time delayed feedback control. Different control schemes, e.g., a diagonal control matrix, or global control, or combinations of both, are compared. Specifically, we use two models of semiconductor nanostructures which are of particular current interest: (i) superlattice, (ii) double‐barrier resonant‐tunneling diode.
Formation and propagation of localized states in extended systems
Authors: Bestehorn M. , Grigorieva E.V.
Published: June 2022

We study a one‐species‐diffusion equation supplemented by a nonlinear saturation term. If this term includes temporal delay, a rich spatio‐temporal behavior already at the critical point where the steady homogeneous solution gets unstable is expected. Normal form transformation into a complex Ginzburg‐Landau equation shows that the condition for phase turbulence is always fulfilled. As a secondary instability of these chaotic states well ordered spiral waves and targets are found numerically. Here the system shows features well‐known from excitable media. Finally we propose the construction of logical circuits by means of a network built up by one‐dimensional excitable media.
Asymptotic properties of nonlinear diffusion, nonlinear drift‐diffusion, and nonlinear reaction‐diffusion equations
Authors: Frank T.D.
Published: June 2022

We review a Fokker‐Planck approach to nonlinear evolution equations such as nonlinear diffusion equations and nonlinear drift‐diffusion equations and extend this approach to nonlinear reaction‐diffusion equations. Using this Fokker‐Planck approach along with appropriately defined entropy and free energy measures, we show that transient solutions converge to stationary ones in the long time limit. Implications for bifurcation theory are also addressed.
An impedance spectroscopy study in poly(butylene adipate) ionomers
Authors: Yakuphanoglu F. , Yoo Y.T. , Okutan M.
Published: June 2022

Poly(butylenes adipate) ionomers (PBAi) were synthesized using dimethyl 5‐sulfoisophthalate sodium salt (DMSI) up to 5 mol% of diacid monomer. We have investigated electrical and dielectric properties of the ionomers to evaluate alternating current (AC) parameters such as impedance, conductance, dielectric constant, admittance, susceptance, dielectric loss, and resistance by an impedance spectroscopy. It is seen that the ionic conductances of the ionomers increase with increasing content of DMSI. The AC conductance for the ionomers was found to vary as ωs with the index s ≥ 1. A decrease in the relative dielectric constant of the ionomers is observed with the increase in the ionic content. The electrical relaxation in the dielectric spectra of the ionomers was not observed due to the orientation polarization of the dipoles. It is also observed that the tangent loss increases with the increase in the ionic content.
Matrix perturbation theory for driven three‐level systems with damping
Authors: Sanchez B.N. , Brandes T.
Published: June 2022

We investigate the dynamics of the Λ system driven by two resonant laser fields in presence of dissipation for coupling strengths where the rotating‐wave approximation starts to break down. This regime is characterised by Rabi frequencies being approximately equal or smaller than the field frequencies. A systematic procedure to obtain an expansion for the solution of the Bloch evolution equations of the system is presented. The lowest contribution results to be the well‐known rotating‐wave approximation. The method is based on a semi‐classical treatment of the problem, and its predictions are interpreted fully quantum mechanically. The theory is illustrated by a detailed study of the disappearance of coherent population trapping as the intensities of the fields increase.
Quasistationary collapse to the extreme Kerr black hole
Authors: Meinel R.
Published: June 2022

It is shown that the extreme Kerr black hole, i.e. the one with the maximal angular momentum for a given mass, is the only candidate for a black hole limit of rotating fluid bodies in equilibrium.
QCD sum rules and models for generalized parton distributions*
Authors: Radyushkin A.
Published: June 2022

I use QCD sum rule ideas to construct models for generalized parton distributions. To this end, the perturbative parts of QCD sum rules for the pion and nucleon electromagnetic form factors are interpreted in terms of GPDs and two models are discussed. One of them takes the double Borel transform at adjusted value of the Borel parameter as a model for nonforward parton densities, and another is based on the local duality relation. Possible ways of improving these Ansätze are briefly discussed.
Generalized parton distributions, nucleon form factors, and large‐t processes*
Authors: Vanderhaeghen M.
Published: June 2022

The connection of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) to processes at large momentum transfer (high‐t), and the links between GPDs and elastic nucleon form factors are discussed here. These links, in the form of sum rules, represent powerful constraints on parametrizations of GPDs. A Regge parametrization for the GPDs at small‐t, which is surprisingly observed from the chiral quark soliton model results, is extended to the large‐t region and it is found to catch the basic features of proton and neutron electromagnetic form factor data. It is furthermore discussed how these GPDs at large‐t enter into two‐photon exchange processes and resolve the discrepancy between Rosenbluth and polarization experiments of elastic electron nucleon scattering.