bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performative public health in Fannie Hurst’s ‘T.B.’ (1915)
Authors: Molloy Deborah Snow
Published: December 2022

This article examines the performativity of public health warnings embedded in Fannie Hurst’s short story ‘T.B.’ (1915). The author outlines the manner in which Hurst uses the short form to reinforce her warnings about tuberculosis in New York in the early twentieth century. Particular focus is given to Hurst’s theatricality of style, engaging with the dramatic structure of the short form, the spectacle of illness and the political significance of embodiment. This is done within the context of reclaiming Hurst as a writer of importance both to the field of medical humanities and to the study of the short form.
The Modern Short Story and Magazine Culture, 1880-1950, Elke D’hoker and Chris Mourant (eds) (2021)
Authors: Tura Vecino Aleix
Published: December 2022

Review of: The Modern Short Story and Magazine Culture, 1880-1950, Elke D’hoker and Chris Mourant (eds) (2021)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 336 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47446-108-5, h/bk,

ISBN 978-1-47446-110-8, e-book, £90 hardback, £90

pre-order in paperback, £24.99
Editorial
Authors: Johnson Clare
Published: December 2022

This Editorial charts the journey from an initial conversation amongst visual culture colleagues at the University of the West of England to this Special Issue on ‘Ways of Writing in Art and Design’. It describes our intention to imagine forms of writing in/through/ alongside/with creative practice, as opposed to writing ‘about’ it, in the context of visual culture pedagogy. This is the desire to treat the artwork or other type of creative practice as a fellow subject, not an object to be written about. The Editorial explains the process through which we came together as a research network, describes a series of workshops that enabled our thinking, and situates the project within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, it introduces each of the contributions in this collaborative constellation of articles, polemic, reflection, visual essay and illustration.
Sprinkle lunacy over legs: A review of WoW workshop writing exercises
Authors: Taylor Linda
Published: December 2022

In the summer of 2021 I organized and facilitated a short series of three online workshops to launch the Ways of Writing in Art and Design Research Network (WoW). This article reviews the collaborative writing exercises I devised for the workshops, designed to explore potential approaches to writing in/on/about/beside/with art and design beyond the conventional academic essay and in relation to the condition and experience of living and working through the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns. The article adheres to academic convention in its presentation and format, while gently pushing against academic orthodoxies in its playful execution, as the text is interwoven with anecdotal asides, subjectivity, description and metaphor. Alongside familiar staples of academic art writing, such as Barthes and Csikszentmihalyi, I draw on a broader range of resources that include poetry and song lyrics. Rather than set out to efficiently argue or prove a point or position, the writing takes a more meandering path (it is littered with the academically maligned word ‘perhaps’) that resembles the ‘carrier bag’ approach of the gatherer, rather than the target driven spear trajectory of the hunter.
Desk job
Authors: Miles Rachael
Published: December 2022

Writing is not, and has never been, our only means of communication or communion. In the university, writing continues to occupy the dominant position in terms of how ideas ‘should be’ communicated – and, more importantly, assessed. This is the case even in the visual arts where it is well understood that written language can feel limiting. This article considers the impact that the value afforded to the traditional academic essay has on working-class students, whose relationship to writing often differs from the norm. Impacts that are often conveniently forgotten – and set to become worse under the current UK government.
Matter Poetics, Melange and the Lichenised Posthuman: How artists and writers present visions of an inter-connected life between man and non-human others in the age of the Anthropocene and Method/s for Hereafter
Authors: Fidkin Hat
Published: December 2022

If Matter Poetics, Melange and the Lichenised Posthuman is a universal examination of the interconnected fragments of life, Method/s for Hereafter is a far more personal look into what has transpired in the artist’s life since the original submission of the first essay. Fidkin uses their theory of Matter Poetics as a tool for processing grief, experiencing pleasure, suffering and sickness, and understanding their ever-evolving existence and connection to the more-than-human. Events – both poignant and inconsequential – are scrutinized at a molecular level, attempting to draw parallels between rhizomatic thinking and personal adversity and joy.
Editor’s Introduction
Authors: Felando Cynthia
Published: December 2022

This introduction summarizes the collection of essays in Short Film Studies, Issue 12.2, with attention to the films, filmmakers, short film themes and critical/theoretical approaches used for analyses.
Patriarchal domination and resistance in Exam
Authors: Mohammadavvali Arash
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the realistic depiction of female teenage students’ experience of subjection and resistance to disciplinary power in today’s Iranian patriarchal society, and the excessive vulnerability of their underprivileged position at the intersection of gender and age inequalities in Sonia K. Hadad’s Exam.
The aesthetic reception of the film Exam
Authors: Ghaderi Ghalehno Aynaz
Published: December 2022

Few studies have observed audience reception within the context of narrative short films. Short films, with their idiosyncratic structures and smaller audience, have been overlooked by the field of film studies in favour of other forms – namely feature films. This article discusses the audience reception of the short film Exam in accordance with Molinié’s Sémiostylistique (‘semio-stylistics’) and examines the aesthetic effect of this short film on its audience.
Made to measure: The Dress and the politics of sexual citizenship
Authors: Prout Ryan
Published: December 2022

This article examines questions of sexual citizenship in The Dress, directed by Tadeusz . It situates the film’s narrative alongside disability studies’ repositioning in a social model of the sexuality of people with disabilities. It argues that interpreting The Dress as a contribution to discourse about sexual inclusivity is not at odds with seeing the film as one in which the representation of human desires and frustrations assumes a universal relevance. Analysis of mise en scène and comparisons drawn from art history query the film’s use of aesthetics. Reference to Intimate Encounters 20 Years On underscores cultural specificities in turn between conservativism and progressivism.
Encountering real and imagined faces in A Gentle Night and I Am Afraid to Forget Your Face
Authors: Weys Dian
Published: December 2022

In both Qiu Yang’s A Gentle Night and Sameh Alaa’s I Am Afraid to Forget Your Face, a face-to-face encounter takes place between a distraught main character and a beloved they have lost. Even though the one deals with storge while the other with eros, I argue that both of these Palme d’Or-winning short films, through the concealing, framing, covering and revealing of faces, encourage audiences to use their imaginations and, as a result, to enter into a face-to-face encounter with the short film as well.
Enfoque de paisaje para apoyar el manejo forestal sostenible en la región Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Hernández-Aguilar José Antonio , Durán Elvira , Cortina-Villar Héctor Sergio , Velázquez Montes Alejandro
Published: December 2022

Forest landscape structure comprises a mosaic of natural and human-modified units, which when well depicted, may help to plan and implement forest management policies, which commonly assume territorial homogeneity. Usually, forest policies lack the use of spatial tools that can help scale up conservation program in heterogeneous forested landscapes. This paper applied a conceptual-methodological framework as baseline to guide regional strategies and scale-up community collective action based on local forestry ejidos and communities. The study case was conducted in the Mixteca Alta, a forestry region in Oaxaca, Mexico, where common property prevails. Zoning was made based on biophysical, social, and forest management criteria. A total of 97 communities were surveyed and the region was disaggregated into five zones based on precipitation, watersheds, community forest management experience and level of regional collective action. Each zone was recognized as having different forestry potentials and intervention needs, ranging from restoration to timber and non-timber product management. This zoning proved the potential to guide forest projects and promote joint regional forest development. The potential use of landscape zoning was discussed in the light of the current need for scale-up forest policies.
Studi Komparatif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam Terhadap Hybrid Contract Pada Bank Syariah
Authors: Syawie Afifah
Published: December 2022

This study discusses the comparative study of positive law and Islamic law on hybrid contracts in Islamic banks. The main problem is reviewing Positive and Islamic Laws on Hybrid Contracts in Islamic Banks. This article is a research library (Library Research). The data source for this article comes from the journals and books relevant to this discussion. The results of the research of this article indicate that a Multi contract or joint contract, or Hybrid Contract (al-'Uqud al-Murakkabah) is the application of two or more contracts in one transaction as a single transaction that is inseparable from each other. Sharia Bank is a Bank based on Islamic law, based on the Qur'an and Hadith. All products and services offered must not conflict with the contents of the Qur'an and Hadith. Hybrid contracts originate from a contract and develop and change. As a development, the hybrid contract has fulfilled the requirements for forming a contract with the elements and pillars of a hybrid contract similar to the elements and pillars of a Sharia contract. The hybrid contract element in Islamic banking follows the principles of contract and the provisions of Islamic law and is allowed in Islamic banking.
Hukum Jual Beli Air Susu Ibu Analisis Pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah dan Imam Malik
Authors: Mahfudz Muhammad Sahal
Published: December 2022

In the view of the fuqoha, the practice of buying and selling breast milk is different about whether it is permissible or not. Imam Abu Hanifah is of the opinion that breast milk should not be traded because it includes human flesh. Meanwhile, Imam Malik is of the opinion that breast milk may be traded for sacred reasons. In this case the author uses the library research method-qualitative by using the theory of ta'arud fair and maslahah mursalah. The results of this study determined that the law of buying and selling breast milk both had in common, namely using the qiyas method. In this case, Imam Abu Hanifah sees the buying and selling of breast milk more on the sanctity of objects and the harm that occurs when this sale and purchase is carried out. Meanwhile, Imam Malik sees it from the side of the benefit of goods being traded.
FIQH SAINS: ELABORASI KONSEP ‘ILLAT MENUJU PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM YANG AKTUAL
Authors: Sodiqin Ali
Published: December 2022

Fiqh is the nearest part in the religious life of the Islamic society. Almost all of the religious practices in the society are besed on the fiqh. On the other hand, fiqh is the product of fuqaha’s ijtihad which open to the change and diversity. The one of causes which became the change and diversity in fiqh is illat concept. The existing or lacking of law are dipend on the illat, therefor the illat of law elaboration became very important. The science and tecnology development can be recognized as the illat of law change. The law which had been formed by the classic and medieval ulama can be canged. It is not effective in the science and tecnology development era. The finding of new law become the new law illat. The concepts of majlis, safar, iddah need to be interpreted because of theinformation and transportation tecnology development. Therefore, it is impoetant to develope the concept of illat which is suitable with the Islamic law formative orientation (maqasid asy-syari’ah). The illat of law must capable to make law which is implied the mashlahah and relevant to the civilization development, in order to keep the fiqh flexibility and significancy to the life realities. The process can be conducted by activizing ijtihad, fusing between the istinbat (deductive) and istiqra’ (induktif) methods. The ijtihad model depends on the real problems, einther by using the tarjih intiqa‟i or ibdai insyai models.
PENGARUH POSITIVISME DALAM PERKEMBANGAN ILMU HUKUM DAN PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2022

This article discusses about the positivism influence to jurisprudence and law development, especially in Indonesia, and the analysis of the strength and the weakness of the positivism influence. Through the positivism which was introduced by August Comte, the rational and empiric truth and the standard of natural sciences were used also in the social sciences, law and jurisprudence. The concept of legal positivism is the proof of the positivism influence in law and jurisprudence. Legal positivism develops as the written law which is formulated by the legitimated state organ which has the power and souveregnity. It is separated from the moral and the right and wrong values. There were many scholars who use the positivism in their legal opinion, namely Hart, Hans Kelsen and John Austin. The concept of legal positivism in Indonesia also follows the legal positivism opinion, which seen in many aspect such as the written law, law unification, and legislation.
KANUNISASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA (Perspektif Usul al-Fiqh)
Authors: Afandi Mohammad
Published: December 2022

There is a lot of controversy about the canonization of the Islamic law in Indonesia which invites many of the muslim scholars, especially those who obtain education in formal institutions and those who receive it in traditional ones. Thanks to this long debate, the discourse of the canonization not only becomes a sensitive national issue but also has a practical effect all of the Indonesian muslim people feel, that is, there are some of Islamic acts such as the act of the marriage and the act of the heritage which are adopted as parts of the state law like KHI and number 41 of 2004‟s act about waqaf. Henceforth this discourse of canonization spreads more and more broadly, so that the syari‟a-based economic system is regarded as one of the definitive and effective solutions to overcome the economic crisis.Using the Islamic jurisprudence as an approach, this research tends to find out and set a pattern of the development of future formulation of Islamic law in Indonesia by posing an academic question as to in what fields the canonization can be done. As the result, we can organize Islamic laws or norms around three themes: (1) norms that in practice are under individual‟s authority; (2) norms that in practice are under people‟s authority; (3) norms that in practice are under state‟s authority. Only in the last norm, including the family law, the civil law, the law of politic,the law of judgment, and the criminal law, can the canonization of the Islamic law be done.
HIKMAH AL-TASYRI’ DALAM HUKUM POLIGAMI (Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Islam)
Authors: Fauza Nilna
Published: December 2022

Poligamy is not new problem, but poligamy discourse is always being controversial issue in Indonesian community. In its tasyri‟ manner, poligamy is currently possible to be done based on certain reasons. But behind it‟s controversy in the society, there is community that disposed nash becoming dominant factor as faith strengthener while the reason is following Sunnah Rasul. But in a contrary, there is other community that refuses poligamy based on the argumentation of subordinative position of female community and discriminative policy for them. Historically, the practice of poligamy has been done before Islam era, even there was no limitation in marrying women. But since Islam has come, the practice of poligamy has been beginning to be restricted as four wives only, however it still becomes controversial issue in the society. So that, the writer efforts to investigate the philosophy of islamic law (falsafah al-tasyrī‟) about poligamy by exploring the philosophy value from its possibilities, wether it can realize the goal of marriage that is sakinah, mawaddah wa rah}mah) or even bocomes a strict problem in the family. This article is one way to get bridge in taking attitude of its controvercial side in the society.
PERNIKAHAN MELALUI TELEPON DAN REFORMASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESA
Authors: Asnawi Habib Shulton
Published: December 2022

Islamic law is universal. The law must be developed in accordance with socialneeds, as well as the fiqh rule that "the law change with the changing times andchanging times". Islamic law in reality is not idealistic yet and not seem toanticipate the changing and tend to be far from justice. For example, the oldproduct of Islamic law states that marriage or consent granted shall be carriedout in a single chamber. Reason or ‘illat of law of one chamber is to maintaincontinuity and confidence witness against two parties are performing thecontract. Social development of the people of Indonesia, especially in the field oftechnology is currently growing rapidly. Among the legal issues that are biasedtechnological progress is the marriage by the phone. This issue raises the prosand cons among Indonesian scholars. Differences of opinion are based ondifferent interpretations of the concept of the unity of the assembly (ittih}a>dulmajlis) in a marriage ceremony. Therefore we need the rule of law in order to fillthe legal vacuum due to differences of opinion. It takes a good legalconstruction, which can accommodate the interests of modern society.
PEMBELAAN ADVOKAT TERHADAP KLIEN DALAM MENANGANI PERKARA HUKUM MENURUT PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: December 2022

Advocate profession is a very noble profession, which setatusnya alignedwith other law enforcement agencies, such as police, prosecutors andjudges. Status as a law enforcement together with other law enforcementagencies contribute to the implementation of any fair trial, fair, andlegal certainty for all seekers of justice in enforcing the law, truth,justice and human rights. Advocate actually have a special role in theenforcement of judicially recognized. The role of special advocates areagainst the interests of the accused, the accused and those seeking justice,in accordance with the profession as those who provide legal services inand out of court. There are some that must be considered by an advocatebefore accepting the power of the client to resolve his case in court, areas follows: in the case of a civil or criminal problematic, there is apower law or not, and the evidence is authentic, and the witnesseswitnesses. Pleading for Handling Client Advocate tehadap lawsuitin Islam based on the Quran and as-Sunnah, while the positive law isregulated in Law Number 18 Year 2003 regarding the Code of EthicsAdvocate and Advocate Indonesia.
AMAL AHLU AL-MADINAH SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM (Pandangan Imam Malik Ibn Anas dalam Kitab Al-Muwatta`)
Authors: Najib Agus Moh.
Published: December 2022

Imam Malik ibn Anas (93-175 H/711-791 M) considers that the practice is well established in Medina (amal Ahlu al-Madi>nah) are a source of law to be followed. Amal Ahlu al-Madi>nah according to Imam Malik is a source of law that must be obeyed and there should not menyelisihi. The reason is because Medina is the city where the Prophet's Hijrah, where most of the Qur'an was revealed and the halal and haram set. Medina resident is a resident of the companions who witnessed the revelation down and obey all that is commanded by the Prophet, so they are the ones most aware of the purpose of revelation and the Sunnah of the Prophet. This statement is as he wrote in his masterpiecenya, the Kitab Al-Muwatta '. Imam Malik's view is a reaction of some scholars, such as Al-Lays, Imam Shafi'i and Al-Syaibani. Among scholars Malikiyah, differentiation occurs in the category of charity ahlu al-medina, which is based on history and based on ijtihad. They agreed to accept the first of its kind and different opinions for the latter kind. If we look closely, Amal Ahlu al-Madi>nah raised Imam Malik in Al-Muwatta 'is not always rely on the traditions of the Prophet, but many do not have any rest, good traditions of the Prophet, words and sayings tabi'in friends. Imam Malik prioritize amal Ahlu al-Madi>nah of the ahad hadith and the opinions of friends and tabi'in. Viewed politically, the view of Imam Malik is also a form of opposition to the ruler at that time, the Abbasid dynasty, by clarifying the authority of Madinah through the concept of amal Ahlu al-Madi>nah.
MEMAHAMI SEMANGAT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Mawaddah Rifqiyah
Published: December 2022

Ketika Allah SWT. dan Rasul Muhammad SAW. menetapkan aturan-aturan hukum untuk umat manusia, sudah barang tentu hal tersebut memiliki maksud dan tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Dalam literatur hukum Islam, maksud dan tujuan hukum itu dikenal dengan istilah maqasid al-syari’ah. Melalui al-Qur’an—kitab yang turun kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW,—Allah SWT. menjelaskan secara universal maksud dan tujuan dari syari’ah sebagai Islamic Law itu sendiri, yakni, demi terwujudnya keselamatan dan kemaslahatan umat manusia, baik di dunia maupun di akhirat kelak. Al-Qur’an telah memproklamirkan diri sebagai sebagai kitab petunjuk dan rahmat bagi umat manusia. Ia juga menyatakan bahwa Nabi Muhammad SAW. diutus ke dunia untuk memberikan rahmat bagi alam semesta (rahmatan lil’alamin), dengan tujuan untuk menyempurnakan etika umat  manusia di muka bumi ini.
TEORI NASIKH-MANSUKH AL-QUR’AN SEBAGAI PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PEMIKIRAN ABDULLAHI AHMED AN-NA’IM DAN MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR
Authors: Mun’im Zainul
Published: December 2022

The Qur’an as a source of Islamic law has an important role in theraising of theories of Islamic law as a method of interpretation. Amongthese theories, there is a theory of Nasikh-Mansukh. This theory is oneof the several theories of interpretation that have introduced the classicalIslamic jurists as a legal determination in the Qur’an. Most of thecontemporary Islamic jurists sought to reconstruct the theory in order todevelop Islamic law more relevant to the demands of the times. Amongthem are Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im and Muha} mmad Shahrur. An-Na’im theory of Nasikh Mansukh is to elimination Madaniyyah verseswith Makkiyah verses, while Shahrur theory of Nasikh-Mansukh isthe elimination of the previous shari’ah to be replaced by the shari’ahof the Prophet Muhammad. The ir ideas, has different implications tothe Islamic law. implications of An-Na’im’s theory emphasizes genderequality and religious equality before the law, while Shahrur’s theoryhas wider implications than the theory of an-Na’im above. In otherwords, is has implications for the Islamic law that is more responsiveto punishment, family law, marital law, the protection of life (murderpunishment), and so forth.
METODE IJTIHAD DALAM HUKUM ISLAM: Studi Pemikiran K.H. Ali Yafie dan H. M. Atho’ Mudzhar
Authors: Amrullah Muh. Jazuli
Published: December 2022

The emergence of new ideas in the realm of thought and method of ijtihad that done by the jurists in through ijtihad is a necessity. In the midst of the problems of human life increasingly complex, the role of religious leaders in particular is very important in addressing any problems that occur. In this context appears K.H. Ali Yafie and HM Atho 'Mudzhar, which has its own characteristics and patterns of thought in the development of Islamic law. Conceptually K.H. Ali Yafie and   Atho 'Mudzhar offers ideas and methods that Islamic law could dialectic with social reality and social unrest. KH Ali Yafie maintain the classic methods of the previous scholars who contextualize the social reality as fard kifayah and fard 'ain, Nask mansukh. While H.M. Atho 'Mudzhar in thought and method of ijtihad, see a product of Islamic law not only of social reality, but also as a product of social history, as well as the influence of socio-political and socio-cultural. Implications of methods and ideas K.H. Ali Yafie is open mindset and thinking among Muslims, so that critical thinking and rational discourse to grow and thrive, while the implications of the method and thought HM Atho 'Mudzhar, for a mujtahid can not deny the history and influence of socio-cultural and socio-politics that surrounded it.
HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DALAM MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DIASPORA DI BARAT (Perspektif Hukum Perdata Internasional)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2022

This article discusses about application of the Islamic Family Law for the migrant muslims who live in the western countries, such as America, England, Germany and France. This discussion is analyzed in International Private Law theories of Personal Status. Each country will have different application because of the difference of principle in the International Private Law about Personal Status. The Islamic family law is not legally applied for migrant muslims in America and England courts because both are countries which apply common law system. They use the domicile principle in the case of personal status in the International Private Law discourse. Therefore, the muslims migrant society apply the Islamic family law culturally in their community, through an Imam or mufti as their leader and consultant. This application is not legal according to the states law. In the European continent countries which use the civil law system, such as in Germany and France, the Islamic Family law is applied for the migrant muslims society, if it’s compatible to the public order.  The court may apply the Islamic family law for the migrant muslims, because both are countries which use the nationality principle for the case of personal status in the International Private Law discourse.
FASILITAS GEDUNG BAGI MASYARAKAT BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (DISSABILITAS) MENURUT UU No. 28 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG BANGUNAN GEDUNG
Authors: Rohani Siti
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the existing building facilities in the city of Pontianak both office buildings and public buildings. Under Law No. 28 of 2002 on Building provide legal protection for people with special needs (disabilities). In this Act gives liability for building owners to provide support facilities for the people of Disability in activities in the building which was to come. Facilities that can be provided by the building owner from providing a way for wheelchair users, special toilets, a special lift and others. Occurred despite the fact that the Act has required the building owner to build the facilities needed by persons with disabilities, but not all building owners meet what was required in the law.
PENETAPAN PIDANA MATI DALAM PERPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS (ICCPR)
Authors: Rifa'i Muhammad
Published: December 2022

The death penalty is a polemic in the discourse of law and human rights in today's modern world. This is because there is a presumption that the death penalty was considered inhuman punishment. Therefore, the United Nations International Covenant megeluarkan on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) as a global treaty that restricts the execution of the country that still has the death penalty. It was considered a solution to keep kelansungan human life includes the right to life, freedom, and human beings have the right to determine his life. View as it affected the Islamic law that still impose the death penalty is deemed to violate human rights. Therefore, the author tries to find common ground between the ICCPR and the fundamental Islamic law. ICCPR and Islamic law possessed the same goal is to maintain public order, protect the whole of society and the state, and yet both of these elements possessed a different approach.
MAQASID SYARIAH SEBAGAI FILSAFAT HUKUMISLAM: Sebuah Pendekatan Sistem Menurut Jasser Auda
Authors: Maulidi Maulidi
Published: December 2022

The ushul fikih thought had stagnated during this time, because it was built from the deductive way of thinking and using the paradigm of which is identical with the positivistic schools. Islamic law  is derived from the text (nash) through the analysis of linguists an sich. But in its development, fikih thought undergoes a transformation from taqlid qauli towards taqlid manhaji, from the literalis paradigm to the teleological paradigm. Transformation of thought is realized when the Islamic law as the product of ijtihad was not able to respond to the question of contemporary problems. Negative assumptions that led to it, namely: first, the law understood as a single entity that is not correlation of other entities. Yet in reality, the law is linked with other disciplines, like the social sciences-humanior and natural sciences. Second, the law understood as a final, not in tandem with social development. Third, the law has always been based on a normative-textualis, whereas there are a lot of local knowledge which also carries the philosophical values that are relevant to the purpose of the law. As a solution, integrative approach system needs to be encouraged, given the purpose of human law is to benefit afterlife. Integrative paradigm initiated by Jasser Auda is worthy of consideration in the constellation of ideas and the development of the methodology of ijtihad. By using a systemic approach, Jasser makes maqasid sharia as a philosophical frameworks in the process determination of  law. Law is element of the existing system and closely related to other elements to achieve a goal of Shari'a.
KEJAHATAN DEFECTING: Studi Perbandingan antara Undang-Undang ITEdan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Muyasir Ahmad
Published: December 2022

As the technology advances, the crimeis no longerjusthappeningin the real world, but itis alreadyreaching into thevirtual worldor virtual. In this case, defacing a form of cyber crimes is quite disturbing and has hurt many people. Heiscybercrimeisdone bychanging thelook of the websiteof a website, eitherin part orseeluruhnyabyfirstlybreaking intoanother person, withoutthe owner's permission.This paper isgoing toexaminethe phenomenonof cyber crime(cyber crime), along withbetuk, motives, consequences, andlegal sanctions.In this paper, the problem of evildefectingwill beassessedfrom the perspective ofthe Indonesian CriminallawandIslamic Criminallaw(Fiqh Jinayah).
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI NASABAH BAITUL MAAL WA TAMWIL (BMT) YANG DILIKUIDASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ma’shum Syafi’atul Mir’ah
Published: December 2022

Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) is one type of micro finance institution that uses sharia principles. The BMT contributes to a real small economic by providing financing and channeling of funds. But the problem arises when liquidation occurs on the BMT, which rules should be used as a rule to solve it. This paper discusses the legal protection for BMT customers who are liquidated in Indonesia. The aim is to explain how legal protection forms for customers and why this legal protection is necessary for customers. The analysis used is statute approach and a conceptual approach. The legal basis of protection for BMT customers is Law no. 1 of 2013 on Microfinance Institutions (LKM), particularly articles 24 and 25, which regulate the prevention of disputes or revocation of licenses. Article 26 states that the Financial Services Authority (OJK) provides a deposit service if it makes them lose. But if BMT incorporated in the form of cooperative (koperasi) the law that use as basis is Law No. 25 of 1992, especially article 54 on the settlement. Differences in this rule become one of the factors slow the settlement of the problem of BMT customers that liquidated. The government should provide clear rules regarding the institutional status of BMT, so that the settlement of client's legal protection becomes clear
KEHUJAHAN HUKUM NEGARA SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PEMIKIRAN SAYYID MUḤAMMAD RASYÎD RIḌÂ DAN WAHBAH AZ-ZUḤAILÎ
Authors: Yaqin Nasrullah Ainul
Published: December 2022

The study of the  state law as the source of Islamic law in the course of usul fikih is still rarely performed by scholars of usul fikih, especially when discussing the sources of Islamic law; except what is done by Wahbah az-Zuḥailî in his usul fikih (al-Fiqh al-Islâmî), where he fully and comprehensively explains that State law can not be used as a source of Islamic law because it results from an intellectual sich. On the other hand, far beyond that, Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ has discussed in detail the state's jurisdiction as a source of Islamic law in his tafsir (al-Manâr). He accepted in absolute terms the jurisdiction of the State as a source of Islamic law from which the law contained the value of justice. Nothing else because the law of God is justice itself, as many are described in the Qur'an. According to Wahbah az-Zuḥailî the State law can not be used as a source of Islamic law because it is derived from the mere intellect, in which the scholars have agreed that pure reason can not be used as a source of Islamic law. Therefore, the law of the State can be used as a source of Islamic law if the law is based on divine revelation, either directly (Qur'an and Hadith) or not (general rules and spirit of Islamic law). In addition, although there are differences in views, there is an intersection between the two minds, which is equally acceptable to the state's jurisdiction as a source of Islamic law. Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ received the law of the State as a source of Islamic law from which the law contained justice, while Wahbah az-Zuḥailî received it from the law was based on divine revelation, whether it be directly or indirectly.Kata Kunci: Usul fikih, Hukum Negara, Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ, Wahbah az-Zuḥailî.
DESA MAWA CARA NEGARA MAWA TATA: DINAMIKA PENGATURAN DESA DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Basuki Udiyo
Published: December 2022

The history of village arrangements in the state administration system in Indonesia has had ups and downs following the flow of social and political dynamics. In the Dutch and Japanese colonial era, villages were highly neglected. In the old order the existence of legal products that regulate the village actually makes the village eroded and marginalized. In the New Order period the village was regulated separately in Law No. 5 of 1979 which embraced uniformity like a village in Java. This resulted in the existence of indigenous peoples outside Java experiencing tremendous reductions. As the fall of the New Order and replaced by the Reform Order, the existence of villages and indigenous and tribal peoples is reduced to a part of the regency / municipal territory or regency which is incorporated in Law No. 22 of 1999. The next law product is Law No. 6 of 2014, which accommodates the existence of the village and traditional village. The alignment of this Law is in practice worthy of review and testing. This paper describes the development of village settings in the Indonesian state administration system from the beginning of independence until now.Kata kunci: desa mawa cara negara mawa tata, desa, sistem ketatanegaraan, masyarakat adat
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP POLA BAGI HASIL (MUDARABAH) PADA BUMP (STUDI KASUS DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-LUQMANIYYAH UMBULHARJO YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Putra Yahya Hidayat
Published: December 2022

Al-Luqmaniyyah boarding business entity is an independent and well-systemed business applying the principle of mudarabah. In its operation, the BUMP (Pesantren owned enterprise) is domiciled as the owner of capital and santri and teacher as mudharib or capital manager. In mudarabah theory, there are harmonies and conditions that must be met. If one of the pillars and requirements is not met then the practice of mudarabah will be canceled or damaged. The mudarabah pattern in BUMP in Pondok Pesantren Al-Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta akad mudarabahnya can be said not deviate from the teachings of Islamic religion, it is seen from the fulfillment of conditions and harmoniousness, conformity with Islamic principles on economic regulation (muamalah) and syari'ah business ethics. Mudarabah pattern practiced in BUMP Pondok Pesantren Al Luqmaniyyah consists of several business entities, but not all the same in applying the profit sharing pattern. There are several business entities in BUMP that apply revenue sharing principles such as revenue sharing system before deduction of operating expense from business, and others apply profit sharing principle, where profit sharing is calculated after deduction of operational cost from the business entityKata Kunci: mudharabah, Badan Usaha  Milik Pesantren, revenue sharing, profit sharing
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Annas Gilang Kresnanda
Published: December 2022

Anak merupakan anugrah dari Tuhan YME, yang didalamnya melekat harkat dan martabat sebagai sosok manusia yang seutuhnya. Setiap anak dalam masa pertumbuhannya harus mendapatkan pemenuhan akan hak-hak yang melekat pada dirinya dan mendapatkan perlindungan hukum. Sebagai Negara hukum, pemerintah melalui keppres Nomor 36 Tahun 1990 telah memberikan ruang gerak yang lebih dalam proses perlindungan terhadap hak-hak anak. Namun pada kennyataanya masalah perlindungan anak masih jauh dari kata sempurna. Masih banyak anak-anak yang tidak mendapatkan pemenuhan akan hak-haknya dan tidak mendapatkan keadilan khususnya menyangkut perlindungan terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum. Penanganan anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum harus berdasar pada “Setiap anak berhak atas kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang serta berhak atas perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi”. Pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum kepada anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum memiliki prinsip “the best Interest for the child” yang bermakna bahwa setiap tindakan/keputusan yang hendak diambil maka kepentingan terbaik bagi anak harus menjadi pertimbangan utama. Apabila perlu diberikan sanksi maka penjatuhan sanksi yang tepat  dengan didukung melalui proses penyelesaian sebagaian perkara anak diarahkan dengan pengembangan diversi dan  restorative justice                   Konsep diversi dan restorative justice merupakan sebuah cara baru untuk menghindarkan anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum untuk keluar dari Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Diversi dan restorative justice dapat dilakukan dengan syarat bahwa perbuatan tersebut diancam dengan pidana dibawah 7 Tahun dan bukan merupakan pengulangan tindak pidana.
WASIAT WAJIBAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN PENERAPANNYADALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG
Authors: Halim Abdul
Published: December 2022

Wasiat wajibah in Article 209 of KHI which is different from the wasiat wajibah existing in other Islamic countries as stated above, in the perspective of ushul fiqh (istihsan) does not violate the provisions of Islamic inheritance law because adopted children and adoptive parents remain positioned not as heirs. The right’s granting to them through a wasiat wajibah that does not exceed 1/3 solely to accommodate local wisdom and to maintain the sense of justice of Indonesian Islamic society. The reconstruction of wasiat wajibah by the Supreme Court to resolve new cases confronted to them by applying the legislative approach with the legal discovery method that is grammatical interpretation method, teleological/sociological interpretation, and argumentum per analogium/analogy in the perspective of ushul fiqh do not violate lugawiyah and ma'nawiyah rules. This reconstruction is very necessary to ensure the certainty and unity of law in accordance with the conditions of the needs and legal awareness of Muslims in Indonesia.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PERDATA KORPORASI DALAM PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP KOMPARASI HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus: Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan PT. National Sago Prima (NSP) di Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, Provinsi Riau)
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Akbar Eka
Published: December 2022

Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kasus pembakaran hutan dan lahan yang dilakukan oleh PT. National Sago Prima (NSP) di Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, Provinsi Riau yang ditolak gugatan perdata kasasinya pada akhir tahun 2018 lalu oleh Mahkamah Agung (MA) dengan menghukum korporasi tersebut untuk bertanggung jawab mengganti kerugian dan pemulihan lingkungan akibat kebakaran hutan dan lahan sebesar Rp. 1 triliyun lebih. Hal ini dianggap wajar sebab kejahatan korporasi di bidang lingkungan hidup telah membawa kerugian tidak hanya di bidang materi, tetapi juga kerugian di bidang kesehatan dan keselamatan jiwa, maupun di bidang sosial. Pertanggungjawaban perdata korporasi di bidang lingkungan hidup diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup serta beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya. Prinsip yang digunakan adalah prinsip pertanggungjawaban mutlak (strict liability). Sedangkan dalam Islam, penegakan hukum atas pencemaran dan/ atau kerusakan lingkungan dilakukan dengan pendekatan maqasid asy-syari’ah. Prinsip pertanggungjawaban dalam perdata Islam, yang menyebabkan ganti kerugian (dhaman) adalah karena adanya maslahah yang hilang dari suatu perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh orang lain yang mana perbuatan tersebut dilakukan karena perbuatan melawan hukum (dhaman al-‘udwan) atau wanprestasi (dhaman al-‘aqd). Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup dalam hukum positif dan hukum Islam sama-sama berorientasi pada kemaslahatan dan mencegah daripada kemafsadatan. Selain itu, persamaannya terletak pada pengertian korporasi, dan konsep pertanggungjawaban perdata. Sedangkan perbedaannya terletak pada prinsip pertanggungjawaban, penentuan besaran ganti kerugian, dan sumber hukumnya.
TRADISI PENETAPAN DO’I MENREK DALAM PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT ADAT SUKU BUGIS SOPPENG (ANALISIS TEORI ‘URF DAN APPANNGADERENG DALAM HUKUM ADAT SUKU BUGIS)
Authors: Halim Abdul , Kosasih Enon
Published: December 2022

Orang-orang Bugis-Makassar terikat oleh sistem norma dan aturan adatyang disebut dengan panngadereng. Ade’ yang merupakan unsur bagiandari panngadereng secara khusus terdiri dari ade’ akkalabinengeng(norma mengenai hal-ihwal perkawinan dan hubungan kekerabatan).Salah satu di antara ade’ akkalabinengeng adalah adanya tradisi do’imenrek atau balanca dalam perkawinan masyarakat Bugis. Praktik do’imenrek yang ada pada masyarakat Bugis Soppeng dilatarbelakangi olehfaktor sejarah yang menjungjung tinggi nilai-nilai adat dan budaya daripara leluhur mereka sehingga sampai saat ini dianggap sebagai kearifanlokal. Dalam tradisi perkawinan suku Bugis Soppeng, mahar yangmerupakan salah satu ketentuan dalam hukum perkawinan Islam, dalammasyarakat suku Bugis disebut sompa. Sompa ini sepenuhnya menjadihak-milik pengantin wanita sebagai wujud penghormatan pengantin priakepada pengantin wanita. Meskipun ketentuan do’i menrek-balancahanya berdasarkan tradisi masyarakat Suku Bugis tetapi kedudukannyasama dengan mahar (sompa) yaitu sama-sama mengikat. Dari perspektifteori ‘Urf, termasuk dalam kategori ‘Urf Shahih karena sesuai dengankaidah fiqhi “al-‘Adatu Muhakkamatun”, sedangkan dalam perspektif appangngadereng, do’wi menrek adalah ade’ akkalabinengeng yangdibebankan kepada mempelai pria merupakan ukuran keseriusan dankekayaan mempelai laki-lak karena besarnya jumlah uang belanja ataudo’i Menrek merupakan media utama bagi masyarakat Bugis untukmenunjukkan posisinya dalam Masyarakat, bahkan termasuk dalamkategori pengejawantahan nilai-nilai siri’.
PERBEDAAN HUKUM KUNUT NAZILAH DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 MENURUT MUHAMMADIYAH DAN NAHDLATUL ULAMA
Authors: Al-Mahbubi Radika Fawwazulhaq
Published: December 2022

Dunia hari ini sedang dihadapkan pada persoalan yang besar dan serius dengan terjadinya pandemi Covid-19. World Health Organization (WHO) telah menetapkan Covid-19 sebagai pandemi setelah penyebarannya begitu cepat yang menjangkit ke berbagai negara-negara di dunia. Tak terkecuali negara Indonesia yang telah diketahui terdampak sejak awal tahun 2020. Berbagai cara penanggulangan telah dilakukan seperti pisychal distancing ataupun social distancing sesuai intruksi dari (WHO). Dengan mayoritas penduduk beragama Islam, beberapa organisasi Islam menghimbau untuk melakukan kunut nazilah. Di antara organisasi itu adalah Muhamadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama. Bagi keduanya kunut ini sebagai wujud penanganan secara ruhaniah agar pandemi segera selesai. Tetapi temuan fatwa hukum di antara keduanya terjadi perbedaan dalam menetapkan hukum kunut nazilah di tengah pandemi Covid 19 Menurut Muhammadiyah kunut nazilah di tengah pandemi Covid-19 menghasilkan dua putusan. Pertama, kunut nazilah tidak lagi boleh diamalkan. Kedua, boleh diamalkan atau dikerjakan dengan tidak menggunakan kata kutukan atau permohonan terhadap perorangan. Adapun dalil yang digunakan sebagai dasar penetapan hukum ini adalah hadis Rasulullah Saw yang mana beliau pernah melakukan kunut saat terjadi penganiayaan oleh orang kafir terhadap kelompok Islam sampai dengan turunnya surah ‘Ali Imron ayat 128. Sementara Nahdlatul Ulama menetapkan hukum kunut nazilah di tengah pandemi Covid-19 adalah sunah. Karena mengikuti pendapat ulama dari kalangan Syafi’iyyah di mana disunnahkan melakukan kunut saat terjadi nazilah. Perbedan di antara keduanya dikarenakan perbedaan dalam menggunakan metode serta perbedaan dalam memahami dasar hukum yang ada. Muhamadiyah memahami ada unsur nasikh dan mansukh atas turunnya surah ‘Ali Imran 128 ini. Hal ini berbeda dengan Nahdlatul Ulama yang hanya memahami ayat tersebut hanya sebagai teguran tidak sampai kepada penghapusan nash.
STUDI KOMPARATIF HADIS-HADIS TENTANG JUMLAH RAKAAT SALAT SUNAH RAWATIB MUAKKAD MENURUT IMAM AL-BUKHARI DAN IMAM MUSLIM
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Dalam praktik masyarakat umat Islam, salat sunah rawatib sangat tidak asing didengar dikarenakan begitu banyak manfaat yang didapatkan juga amal ibadah untuk melengkapi kekurangan dari amal-amal ibadah yang wajib. Dalam salat sunah rawatib sendiri terbagi menjadi dua yakni muakkad dan ghairu muakkad, namun dalam salat sunah rawatib muakkad terdapat perbedaan pendapat dalam hal jumlah rakaat. pendapat pro kontra terjadi antara ulama masalah kedua hadis yang bertentangan tentang jumlah rakaat yang dikemukakan oleh Imam al-Bukhari dan Imam Muslim. Menurut Imam al-Bukhari dalam hadisnya menyebutkan bahwa jumlah rakaatnya adalah 10 rakaat, berbeda dengan Imam Muslim yang menyebutkan 12 rakaat. Terdapat nuansa perbedaan atau pertentangan dalam kedua hadis tersebut, yang mana kedua hadis sama-sama kuat dan bersumber dari Rasulullah Saw. Maka pembahasan dalam tulisan ini menjelaskan hukum melaksanakannya salat rawatib muakkad. Dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut terdapat dua keilmuan. Dalam ilmu usul fiqh, pertentangan tersebut dikenal dengan istilah ta’arudh al-Adillah sedangkan dalam ilmu kaidah fiqhiyyah ulama biasa menggunakan kaidah fiqhiyah al-I’malu Khoiru Min al-Ihmali. Adapun penyelesaiannya menggunakan al-Jam’u wa al-Taufiq atau menggumpulkan dan menggabungkan kedua dalil dan juga Tarjih atau memilih salah satu diantara kedua hadis tersebut.