bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic analyses show extremely perilous conservation status of African and Asiatic cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)
Authors: Prost Stefan , Machado Ana Paula , Zumbroich Julia , Preier Lisa , Mahtani‐Williams Sarita , Meissner Rene , Guschanski Katerina , Brealey Jaelle C. , Fernandes Carlos Rodríguez , Vercammen Paul , Hunter Luke T. B. , Abramov Alexei V. , Plasil Martin , Horin Petr , Godsall‐Bottriell Lena , Bottriell Paul , Dalton Desire Lee , Kotze Antoinette , Burger Pamela Anna
Published: June 2022

We live in a world characterized by biodiversity loss and global environmental change. The extinction of large carnivores can have ramifying effects on ecosystems like an uncontrolled increase in wild herbivores, which in turn can have knock‐on impacts on vegetation regeneration and communities. Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) serve important ecosystem functions as apex predators; yet, they are quickly heading towards an uncertain future. Threatened by habitat loss, human‐wildlife conflict and illegal trafficking, there are only approximately 7100 individuals remaining in nature. We present the most comprehensive genome‐wide analysis of cheetah phylogeography and conservation genomics to date, assembling samples from nearly the entire current and past species' range. We show that their phylogeography is more complex than previously thought, and that East African cheetahs (A. j. raineyi) are genetically distinct from Southern African individuals (A. j. jubatus), warranting their recognition as a distinct subspecies. We found strong genetic differentiation between all classically recognized subspecies, thus refuting earlier findings that cheetahs show only little differentiation. The strongest differentiation was observed between the Asiatic and all the African subspecies. We detected high inbreeding in the Critically Endangered Iranian (A. j. venaticus) and North‐western (A. j. hecki) subspecies, and show that overall cheetahs, along with snow leopards, have the lowest genome‐wide heterozygosity of all the big cats. This further emphasizes the cheetah's perilous conservation status. Our results provide novel and important information on cheetah phylogeography that can support evidence‐based conservation policy decisions to help protect this species. This is especially relevant in light of ongoing and proposed translocations across subspecies boundaries, and the increasing threats of illegal trafficking.
An increasing number of countries regulate genome editing in crops
Authors: Buchholzer Marcel , Frommer Wolf B.
Published: June 2022

See also the Commentary on this article by Salt, 237: 7–8.
A zinc finger protein SlSZP1 protects SlSTOP1 from SlRAE1‐mediated degradation to modulate aluminum resistance
Authors: Zhang Lei , Dong Danhui , Wang Jinfang , Wang Zhirong , Zhang Jiaojiao , Bai Ru‐Yue , Wang Xuewei , Rubio Wilhelmi Maria Del Mar , Blumwald Eduardo , Zhang Na , Guo Yang‐Dong
Published: June 2022

In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) toxicity is the main factor inhibiting plant root development and reducing crops yield. STOP1 (SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1) was a critical factor in detoxifying Al stress. Under Al stress, STOP1 expression was not induced, although STOP1 protein accumulated, even in the presence of RAE1 (STOP1 DEGRADATION E3‐LIGASE). How the Al stress triggers and stabilises the accumulation of STOP1 is still unknown.

Here, we characterised SlSTOP1‐interacting zinc finger protein (SlSZP1) using a yeast‐two‐hybrid screening, and generated slstop1, slszp1 and slstop1/slszp1 knockout mutants using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in tomato.

SlSZP1 is induced by Al stress but it is not regulated by SlSTOP1. The slstop1, slszp1 and slstop1/slszp1 knockout mutants exhibited hypersensitivity to Al stress. The expression of SlSTOP1‐targeted genes, such as SlRAE1 and SlASR2 (ALUMINUM SENSITIVE), was inhibited in both slstop1 and slszp1 mutants, but not directly regulated by SlSZP1. Furthermore, the degradation of SlSTOP1 by SlRAE1 was prevented by SlSZP1. Al stress increased the accumulation of SlSTOP1 in wild‐type (WT) but not in slszp1 mutants. The overexpression of either SlSTOP1 or SlSZP1 did not enhance plant Al resistance.

Altogether, our results show that SlSZP1 is an important factor for protecting SlSTOP1 from SlRAE1‐mediated degradation.
Commercializing nonprofit organizations? Evidence from the Chinese nonprofit sector
Authors: Lu Jiahuan , Guan Shanshan , Dong Qiang
Published: June 2022

The increasing reliance on commercial income in the nonprofit sector (“nonprofit commercialization”) in various countries has become a highly contested topic. In recent years, Chinese nonprofits have also paid growing attention to commercial activities and revenue. However, empirical studies on the commercialization of Chinese nonprofits are limited. This study conducts the first empirical research to examine the scope and antecedents of nonprofit commercialization in China. Through a nationwide survey of 336 service‐delivery nonprofits (private nonenterprise organizations), the study finds that Chinese nonprofits' overall level of commercialization is modest, but the level varies substantially by organization. Further, informed by resource dependence theory, institutional theory, and organizational ecology theory, the study finds that Chinese nonprofit commercialization is driven by resource insufficiency, government connections, and environmental munificence. These findings extend the literature on nonprofit commercialization with new empirical evidence from a non‐Western, authoritarian context.

在许多国家，非营利部门对商业收入的日益依赖已经成为一个备受争议的话题。近年来，中国的非营利组织也开始重视商业活动以及随之带来的服务收入。然而，关于中国非营利组织商业化的实证研究并不多见。本研究首次实证分析了中国非营利组织商业化的规模和驱动因素。根据对全国336家服务性非营利组织(民办非企业单位)的定量分析，本研究发现中国非营利组织的商业化水平总体上是适中的，但是不同组织间的商业化水平存在较大的差异。此外，结合资源依赖理论、制度理论和组织生态学理论，本研究发现，组织内部资源匮乏、一定程度的政治关联和丰沛的外部资源环境是中国非营利组织商业化主要的驱动因素。这些基于非西方、威权国家情境的经验证据拓展了非营利组织商业化的相关文献○
PM2.5 exposure and risk of lung adenocarcinoma in women of Taiwan: A case–control study with density sampling
Authors: Yang Szu‐Chun , Lin Fang‐Yu , Wu Tzu‐I , Wu Chih‐Da , Wang Jung‐Der
Published: June 2022

Background and objective

The prevalence of smoking among women in Taiwan is <5%, but the incidence of lung cancer remains high. This study determined the association between PM2.5 (fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm) exposure and lung cancer among women in Taiwan.

Methods

In total, 21,301 female lung cancer cases nationwide were newly diagnosed between 2012 and 2017. Each case was age‐, sex‐ and calendar year‐matched with four controls randomly selected from the general population. Allowing a latent period of 5 years, we estimated the PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures for each individual according to the residential changes from 2000. We adopted self‐reported smoking statuses for the cases, while those of controls were estimated using annual surveys in each residential county. We performed multiple logistic regression analyses to examine the associations between PM2.5 and NO2 exposures and incident lung cancer cases.

Results

The ORs of lung adenocarcinoma for the third (30.5–35.1 μg/m3), fourth (35.1–39.3 μg/m3) and fifth PM2.5 exposure quintiles (39.3–48.1 μg/m3) relative to the first quintile were 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.16), 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06–1.19) and 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.16), respectively, after adjusting for smoking, residence and comorbidities. A dose–response relationship (p = 0.004) was found. The associations persisted with a 10‐year latency and were not detected for small‐cell and squamous cell carcinoma after control for smoking. We did not observe a similar effect for NO2 exposure.

Conclusion

Residential PM2.5 exposure higher than 30 μg/m3 was associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma in women of Taiwan.
Efficacy of single‐dose and double‐dose ivermectin early treatment in preventing progression to hospitalization in mild COVID‐19: A multi‐arm, parallel‐group randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Mirahmadizadeh Alireza , Semati Ali , Heiran Alireza , Ebrahimi Mostafa , Hemmati Abdolrasool , Karimi Mohammadreza , Basir Souzan , Zare Marjan , Charlys da Costa Antonio , Zeinali Mohammad , Sargolzaee Maryam , Eilami Owrang
Published: June 2022

Background and objective

Ivermectin is a known anti‐parasitic agent that has been investigated as an antiviral agent against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin in mild COVID‐19 patients.

Methods

In this multi‐arm randomized clinical trial conducted between 9 April 2021 and 20 May 2021, a total of 393 patients with reverse transcription‐PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19 infection and mild symptoms were enrolled. Subjects were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive single‐dose ivermectin (12 mg), double‐dose ivermectin (24 mg) or placebo. The primary outcome was need for hospitalization.

Results

There was no significant difference in the proportion of subjects who required hospitalization between the placebo and single‐dose ivermectin groups (absolute difference in the proportions: −2.3 [95% CI = −8.5, 4.1]) and between the placebo and double‐dose ivermectin groups (absolute difference in the proportions: −3.9 [95% CI = −9.8, 2.2]). The odds of differences in mean change in severity score between single‐dose ivermectin and placebo groups (ORdifference = 1.005 [95% CI: 0.972, 1.040]; p = 0.762) and double‐dose ivermectin and placebo groups (ORdifference = 1.010 [95% CI: 0.974, 1.046]; p = 0.598) were not statistically significant. None of the six adverse events (including mild dermatitis, tachycardia and hypertension) were serious and required extra action.

Conclusion

Single‐dose and double‐dose ivermectin early treatment were not superior to the placebo in preventing progression to hospitalization and improving clinical course in mild COVID‐19.
Katie Erikson's caring theories. Part 2. The theory of caritative caring ethics and the theory of evidence
Authors: Bergbom Ingegerd , Nyström Lisbet , Nåden Dagfinn
Published: June 2022

In this article, Katie Eriksson's theory of caritative caring ethics and the theory of evidence, are described. Both theories are anchored in caritas, that is love, mercy and compassion. The theory of caritative caring ethics was first described by Eriksson in 1995, where seven assumptions or basic categories were elaborated. These were: the human being's dignity, the care relationship, invitation, responsibility, virtue, obligation or duty, and good and evil. Eriksson's theoretical contribution is that she makes a distinction between caring and nursing ethics, between inner and external ethics, and between natural and clinical ethics. Concerning the theory of evidence, Eriksson claims that a multidimensional scientific view of evidence in caring that focuses on the patient's world is necessary and vital. To see, realise, know, attest and revise constitute the ontological definitions of the concepts of evidence and evident. The theories are united by the core concepts of testimony and witnessing the human being's suffering. Eriksson points out that it is in the ethical acts that deeds are formed, based on ethos. The anchorage in an ethos means to have firm value‐loaded judgements of an inner motive. Moreover, the anchorage in ethos presupposes a personal and natural ethic. The good deeds are realised in the relationship between the patient and the carer, but the caring ethics is not a professional or external ethics. Caring ethics is an ontological inner ethics meaning fellowship and the right to exist, but it is the patient's world and reality that decides the foundation and starting point for caritative caring ethics in clinical practice. The ultimate purpose and goal of caring are to guarantee the patient's dignity and absolute value as a human being.
Sympathetic vasomotor outflow during low‐intensity leg cycling in healthy older males
Authors: Katayama Keisho , Saito Mitsuru , Ishida Koji , Shimizu Kaori , Shiozawa Kana , Mizuno Sahiro , Ogoh Shigehiko
Published: June 2022

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

Sympathetic vasomotor outflow is reduced during low‐intensity dynamic leg exercise in younger individuals: does ageing influence the sympathoinhibitory effect during low‐intensity leg cycling?

What is the main finding and its importance?

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity during low‐intensity cycling decreased in older males, as seen in young males. It is possible that cardiopulmonary baroreflex‐mediated inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor outflow during dynamic leg exercise is preserved in healthy older males.

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is reduced during low‐intensity dynamic leg exercise in young males. It is suggested that this inhibition is mediated by loading of the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of age on MSNA during dynamic leg exercise. Nine younger males (YM, mean ± SD, 20 ± 1 years) and nine older males (OM, 72 ± 3 years) completed the study. The subjects performed two 4‐min cycling exercises at 10% of their heart rate reserve using a cycle ergometer in a semirecumbent position (MSNA and estimated central venous pressure (eCVP) trials). MSNA was recorded via microneurography of the left radial nerve. The CVP was estimated based on peripheral venous pressure, which was monitored using a cannula in the right large antecubital vein. The magnitude of the increase in mean arterial blood pressure during leg cycling was larger in OM (+9.3 ± 5.5 mmHg) compared with YM (+2.8 ± 4.7 mmHg). MSNA burst frequency was decreased during cycling in both YM (–8.1 ± 3.8 bursts/min) and OM (–10.6 ± 3.3 bursts/min), but no significant difference was found between the two groups. The eCVP increased during exercise in both groups, and there was no difference in the changes in eCVP between YM (+1.1 ± 0.4 mmHg) and OM (+1.2 ± 0.7 mmHg). These data indicate that inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor outflow during low‐intensity cycling appears in OM as seen in YM. It is possible that the muscle pump‐induced loading of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex is preserved during cycling in healthy older males.
Model-Based Acetabular Cup Orientation Optimization Based on Minimizing the Risk of Edge-Loading and Implant Impingement Following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Danaei Behzad , McPhee John
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a computationally efficient model-based method for determining patient-specific optimal acetabular cup alignment for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is presented. The proposed algorithm minimizes the risk of implant impingement and edge-loading, which are reported as the major causes of hip dislocation following THA. First, by using motion capture data recorded from the patient performing different daily activities, the hip contact force and the relative orientation of the femur and pelvis are calculated by a musculoskeletal model. Then, by defining two quantitative indices, i.e., angular impingement distance and angular edge-loading distance (AED), the risk of impingement and edge-loading are assessed for a wide range of cup alignments. Finally, three optimization criteria are introduced to estimate the optimal cup alignment with a tradeoff between the risk of impingement and edge loading. The results show that patient-specific characteristics such as pelvic tilt could significantly change the optimal cup alignment, especially the value of cup anteversion. Therefore, in some cases, the well-known Lewinnek safe zone may not be optimal, or even safe. Unlike other dynamic model-based methods, in this work, the need for force plate measurements is eliminated by estimating the ground reaction forces and moments, which makes this method more practical and cost-efficient. Furthermore, the low computational complexity due to analytical formulas makes this method suitable for both pre-operative and intra-operative planning.
Improve Syntax Correctness and Breadth of Design Space Exploration in Functional Analysis
Authors: She Jinjuan , Belanger Elise , Bartels Caroline , Reeling Hunter
Published: June 2022

Functional analysis aims to decompose the main functions of a product, which can be large and complex, into more manageable subfunctions. Recently, interest in explicitly considering users during functional modeling has grown to enhance analysis completeness, but how this addresses some commonly reported challenges for novice engineers is not clear. This research proposes and assesses a simple way to streamline user considerations in functional analysis as potential mitigation for some challenges (i.e., difficulty in identifying functions to explore design space and expressing the functions with expected syntax and solution neutrality) that novice designers frequently mention at the early design stage. Analysis of the results indicates that embedding requirements into a user workflow supports novice designers generate significantly more functions with correct syntax than starting with requirements only. In addition, the exploration space is prominently broader, especially at the higher levels measured by the geometry of the generated hierarchical models. These results suggest that strategically incorporating user considerations, even in a simple way, positively addresses the common challenges. This initial exploration and assessment could serve as an inspiration for future research on more efficient ways to streamline the functional decomposition process and, in turn, better support subsequent systematic conceptual design.
Self-Paced Cycling at the Highest Sustainable Intensity With Blood Flow Restriction Reduces External but Not Internal Training Loads
Authors: Smith Nathan D.W. , Peiffer Jeremiah J. , Girard Olivier , Scott Brendan R.
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study compared training loads and internal:external load ratios from an aerobic interval session at the highest perceptually sustainable intensity with and without blood flow restriction (BFR). Methods: On separate days, 14 endurance cyclists/triathletes completed four 4-minute self-paced aerobic cycling intervals at their highest sustainable intensity, with and without BFR (60% of arterial occlusion pressure). Internal training load was quantified using 3 training impulses (TRIMP; Banister, Lucia, and Edwards) and sessional ratings of perceived exertion. External load was assessed using total work done (TWD). Training load ratios between all internal loads were calculated relative to TWD. Results: Lucia TRIMP was lower for the BFR compared with non-BFR session (49 [9] vs 53 [8] arbitrary units [au], P = .020, dz = −0.71). No between-conditions differences were observed for Banister TRIMP (P = .068), Edwards TRIMP (P = .072), and training load in sessional ratings of perceived exertion (P = .134). The TWD was lower for the BFR compared with non-BFR session (223 [52] vs 271 [58] kJ, P < .001, dz = −1.27). Ratios were greater for the BFR session compared with non-BFR for Lucia TRIMP:TWD (0.229 [0.056] vs 0.206 [0.056] au, P < .001, dz = 1.21), Edwards TRIMP:TWD (0.396 [0.105] vs 0.370 [0.088] au, P = .031, dz = 0.66), and training load in sessional ratings of perceived exertion:TWD (1.000 [0.266] vs 0.890 [0.275] au, P = .044, dz = 0.60), but not Banister TRIMP:TWD (P = .306). Conclusions: Practitioners should consider both internal and external loads when monitoring BFR exercise to ensure the demands are appropriately captured. These BFR-induced changes were reflected by the Lucia TRIMP:TWD and Edwards TRIMP:TWD ratio, which could be used to monitor aerobic BFR training loads. The Lucia TRIMP:TWD ratio likely represents BFR-induced changes more appropriately compared with ratios involving either Edwards or Banister TRIMP.
Clustered cardiovascular disease risk among children aged 8–13 years from lower socioeconomic schools in Gqeberha, South Africa
Authors: Dolley Danielle , Walter Cheryl , du Randt Rosa , Pühse Uwe , Bosma Jacob , Aerts Ann , Adams Larissa , Arnaiz Patricia , Degen Jan , Gall Stefanie , Joubert Nandi , Müller Ivan , Nienaber Madeleine , Nqweniso Felicitas , Seelig Harald , Steinmann Peter , Utzinger Jürg , Gerber Markus
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of individual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and clustered CVD risk among children attending schools in periurban areas of Gqeberha and to investigate the independent association between clustered CVD risk, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Methods

Baseline data were collected in a cross-sectional analysis of 975 children aged 8–13 years. We measured the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, full lipid panel, 20 m shuttle run performance and accelerometry. The prevalence of individual risk factors was determined, and a clustered risk score (CRS) was constructed using principal component analysis. Children with an elevated CRS of 1 SD above the average CRS were considered ‘at-risk’.

Results

We found 424 children (43.3%) having at least one elevated CVD risk factor: 27.7% elevated triglycerides, 20.7% depressed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 15.9% elevated total cholesterol. An elevated clustered risk was identified in 17% (n=104) of the sample; girls exhibited a significantly higher CRS >1 SD than boys (p=0.036). The estimated odds of an elevated clustered risk are doubled every 2 mL/kg/min decrease in VO2max (95% CI 1.66 to 3.12) or every 49 min reduction in MVPA (95% CI 27 to 224).

Conclusion

A relatively high prevalence of elevated individual and clustered CVD risk was identified. Our results have also confirmed the independent inverse association of the clustered CVD risk with physical activity and CRF. These indicate that increased levels of CRF or MVPA may aid in the prevention and reduction of elevated clustered CVD risk.
Naldemedine-laxative combination: retrospective inpatient study
Authors: Takemura Miho , Niki Kazuyuki , Miyaguchi Sho , Ueda Mikiko
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The initiation of peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) should be considered 2 weeks after conventional laxatives have failed to achieve an adequate response, and affected patients should be evaluated every 2 weeks thereafter. However, this guidance is difficult to implement in acute care hospitals. This study aimed to examine how naldemedine (PAMORA) should be introduced in combination with other laxatives in the acute care setting.

Methods

This retrospective study evaluated 93 inpatients who received at least four doses of naldemedine. We investigated changes in the average daily defecation counts during the first 7 days after compared with before naldemedine administration and the incidence of diarrhoea.

Results

Daily defecation counts during the first 7 days after compared with before naldemedine administration were greater in both the naldemedine, magnesium oxide (MgO) and another laxative group, and in the naldemedine and another laxative other than MgO group than in the naldemedine only group. The incidence rates of diarrhoea were significantly higher in the naldemedine, MgO, and another laxative group, and in the naldemedine and another laxative other than MgO group than in the naldemedine only group.

Conclusions

The introduction of naldemedine alone or in combination with MgO should be considered.
Emotion Classification from EEG with a Low-Cost BCI Versus a High-End Equipment
Authors: Sánchez-Reolid Roberto , Martínez-Sáez María Cruz , García-Martínez Beatriz , Fernández-Aguilar Luz , Ros Laura , Latorre José Miguel , Fernández-Caballero Antonio
Published: June 2022

The assessment of physiological signals such as the electroencephalography (EEG) has become a key point in the research area of emotion detection. This study compares the performance of two EEG devices, a low-cost brain–computer interface (BCI) (Emotiv EPOC+) and a high-end EEG (BrainVision), for the detection of four emotional conditions over 20 participants. For that purpose, signals were acquired with both devices under the same experimental procedure, and a comparison was made under three different scenarios, according to the number of channels selected and the sampling frequency of the signals analyzed. A total of 16 statistical, spectral and entropy features were extracted from the EEG recordings. A statistical analysis revealed a major number of statistically significant features for the high-end EEG than the BCI device under the three comparative scenarios. In addition, different machine learning algorithms were used for evaluating the classification performance of the features extracted from high-end EEG and low-cost BCI in each scenario. Artificial neural networks reported the best performance for both devices with an F[Formula: see text]-score of 75.08% for BCI and 98.78% for EEG. Although the professional EEG outcomes were higher than the low-cost BCI ones, both devices demonstrated a notable performance for the classification of the four emotional conditions.
Uniformly based Cuntz semigroups and approximate intertwinings
Authors: Cantier Laurent
Published: June 2022

We study topological aspects of the category of abstract Cuntz semigroups, termed Cu. We provide a suitable setting in which we are able to uniformly control how to approach an element of a Cu-semigroup by a rapidly increasing sequence. This approximation induces a semimetric on the set of Cu-morphisms, generalizing Cu-metrics that had been constructed in the past for some particular cases. Further, we develop an approximate intertwining theory for the category Cu. Finally, we give several applications such as the classification of unitary elements of any unital AF-algebra by means of the functor Cu.
Reconstruction and stability analysis of some cosmological bouncing solutions in F(ℛ,T) theory
Authors: Zubair M. , Muneer Quratulien , Waheed Saira
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the possibility of reconstruction of the generic function in [Formula: see text] gravitational theory by considering some well-known cosmological bouncing models, namely, exponential evaluation, oscillatory, power law and matter bounce model, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are Ricci scalar and trace of energy–momentum tensor, respectively. Due to the complexity of dynamical field equations, we propose some ansatz forms of function [Formula: see text] in perspective models and examine which type of Lagrangian is capable of reproducing bouncing solution via analytical expression. It is seen that for some cases of exponential, oscillatory and matter bounce models, it is possible to get analytical solution while in other cases, it is not possible to achieve exact (general) solutions so only complementary solutions can be discussed. However, for power-law model, all forms of generic function can be reconstructed analytically. Next we analyze the energy conditions and stability of these reconstructed cosmological bouncing models which have analytical forms. It is found that these models are stable for linear forms of Lagrangian only but the reconstructed solutions for power law are unstable for some nonlinear forms of Lagrangian. Further, we determine the observable quantities like spectral index ([Formula: see text]) and tensor-to-scalar ratio ([Formula: see text]) for the simplest reconstructed form of [Formula: see text] function. As a result, we directly confront the reconstructed linear form of Lagrangian in [Formula: see text] model with 2018 Planck observations. Furthermore, we analyze that [Formula: see text] gravity with dark energy epoch is consistent with Sne-Ia+BAO+H(z)+CMB data and show that bounce can unify with dark energy epochs in [Formula: see text] gravity.
Performance Improvement of Eco-Friendly Near-Dry Wire-Cut Electrical Discharge Machining Process Using Coconut Oil-Mist Dielectric Fluid
Authors: Boopathi Sampath
Published: June 2022

In this research, the minimum amount of bio-degradable coconut oil mixed with pressurized air (oil-mist) was first used as dielectric fluid in near-dry WEDM to promote eco-friendly cutting processes. The kerf width (KW), cutting speed (CS), and wire wear ratio (WWR) of coconut oil-mist and demineralized water-mist near-dry WEDM of Monel-K500 alloy have been compared by Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. Experiments were conducted using operating parameters such as air pressure, the flow rate of mixing coconut oil, spark current, pulse duration, and pulse interval. The surface topography of the KW and wire tool surfaces of both near-dry processes are also compared using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests. The KW and WWR of the coconut oil-mist process are 6.82% and 15.49% lower, and CS is 21.71% higher than the water-mist process. The contribution of each parameter to responses was also comparatively analyzed. The overall cutting characteristics of coconut oil-mist near-dry WEDM are better than the water-mist process.
A Microscopical Model for Incubation Time and Its Associated Dynamic Load-Carrying Capacity
Authors: Yang Xiao , Ou Zhuo-Cheng , Yan Cheng , Duan Zhuoping , Huang Fenglei
Published: June 2022

In recent decades, the incubation time has become a critical parameter to study dynamic failures for materials, but its underlying physical meaning is still vague and the corresponding model remains lacking. In this study, we first established a theoretical framework to evaluate incubation time, wherein a double atomic chain model with atomic thermal vibrations is leveraged. We leveraged three external force loading conditions to analyze incubation time and its associated dynamic load-carrying capacity (DLC). It can be found that the theoretical results for three metal materials (iron, tungsten and aluminum) exhibit reasonable consistencies with the experimental data, thus the model can be used to conduct preliminary studies for incubation time and DLC. The model suggests that, under the ramp loading with a platform amplitude of static strength, the amplitude duration does not remain constant but can quickly reach a constant with increasing ramp or loading rate, which implies that treating incubation time as a constant parameter is reasonable and thus lays a solid foundation for the previous macroscopic models on basis of incubation time. Meanwhile, it also suggests that the rate enhancement effect of failure strength can be obtained from external load and the constant atomic bond parameters without involving microscopic changes in material properties. Therefore, we microscopically unravel the rate enhancement effect of failure strength. Our study indicates that this effect is indeed a structural response, which accords with the previous macroscopical model.
On cycle graphs
Authors: Varghese Seema , Gervacio Severino V. , Vijayakumar Ambat
Published: June 2022

The Cycle Graph [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is the edge intersection graph of all induced cycles of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, necessary and sufficient condition on [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a connected graph, a tree, a bipartite graph is obtained. Non-existence of forbidden subgraph characterization for cycle graphs is also discussed. It is proved that the girth of cycle graph is three. The relationship between radius of [Formula: see text] and its [Formula: see text] is studied. Similar results on diameter and domination number of [Formula: see text] and its cycle graph are also obtained.
Probing the New Generation Geodetic Radio Telescopes for FRB Observations
Authors: Kurdubov Sergey L. , Marshalov Dmitry A.
Published: June 2022

We investigate the possibility of fast radio burst (FRB) observation on new special geodetic 13[Formula: see text]m wideband radio telescopes in Very Large Base Interferometry (VLBI) and single-dish modes. The Crab Pulsar Giant Pulses (GPs) were used as a reference source of FRB. In order to verify our results we use joint simultaneous observations with 32[Formula: see text]m legacy and 13[Formula: see text]m new VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) radio telescopes of the Quasar VLBI network in the L and S/X frequency bands. The special observation session contains two 10-min scans of Crab Pulsar. We successfully detect a total of 712 pulses with flux density [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Jy at 1653.5[Formula: see text]MHz on 32-m antenna and 262 pulses with flux density [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Jy at 2406.3[Formula: see text]MHz on 13-m antenna in Badary observatory. The VLBI fringes were obtained for approximately every third pulse. The energy distribution of detected pulses has a break in the power law fit at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]-values are [Formula: see text]0.2 and [Formula: see text]1.8 for lower and higher energies. A GP with a fluence of the order of 190[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] in L-band was detected and 48[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] in S-band. We found that the peak coincidence of right and left circular polarizations of dedispersed data on a single antenna can provide a maximum detection rate with fixed false probability. It was shown that the best GP detection rate on 13[Formula: see text]m VGOS radio telescope was achieved at Badary observatory with 13 pulses per minute in the S-band.
Predicting Selective Sensing Capability of Armchair Graphene Nanoribbon toward Hydrogen Halide Gases: A Density-of-State Analysis
Authors: Kaur Lovleen , Saini Sangeeta , Srivastava Anurag
Published: June 2022

Nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism is used to set the chemiresistor device for analyzing the sensing ability of pristine and metal-doped (Al, Fe and Mn) armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) for the detection of hydrogen halide gases — HF, HCl and HBr. Metal doping is found to enhance the adsorptive strength and sensing ability of the ribbon. On Al-AGNR, all three halide gases follow dissociative chemisorption while on Fe-AGNR and Mn-AGNR, these gases adsorb nondissociatively. The computed current–voltage characteristics indicate selective response of Mn-AGNR toward HF and of Fe-AGNR toward HBr. The origin of this selectivity has been discussed in terms of difference in the density-of-state profiles of the studied AGNR systems.
Optimisation Techniques for Flexible SPARQL Queries
Authors: Frosini Riccardo , Poulovassilis Alexandra , Wood Peter T. , Calí Andrea
Published: June 2022

Resource Description Framework datasets can be queried using the SPARQL language but are often irregularly structured and incomplete, which may make precise query formulation hard for users. The SPARQLARlanguage extends SPARQL 1.1 with two operators—APPROX and RELAX—to allow flexible querying over property paths. These operators encapsulate different dimensions of query flexibility, namely, approximation and generalisation, and they allow users to query complex, heterogeneous knowledge graphs without needing to know precisely how the data is structured. Earlier work has described the syntax, semantics, and complexity of SPARQLAR, has demonstrated its practical feasibility, but has also highlighted the need for improving the speed of query evaluation. In the present article, we focus on the design of two optimisation techniques targeted at speeding up the execution of SPARQLARqueries and on their empirical evaluation on three knowledge graphs: LUBM, DBpedia, and YAGO. We show that applying these optimisations can result in substantial improvements in the execution times of longer-running queries (sometimes by one or more orders of magnitude) without incurring significant performance penalties for fast queries.
Cyclic Self-attention for Point Cloud Recognition
Authors: Zhu Guanyu , Zhou Yong , Yao Rui , Zhu Hancheng , Zhao Jiaqi
Published: June 2022

Point clouds provide a flexible geometric representation for computer vision research. However, the harsh demands for the number of input points and computer hardware are still significant challenges, which hinder their deployment in real applications. To address these challenges, we design a simple and effective module named cyclic self-attention module (CSAM). Specifically, three attention maps of the same input are obtained by cyclically pairing the feature maps, thus exploring the features sufficiently of the attention space of the original input. CSAM can adequately explore the correlation between points to obtain sufficient feature information despite the multiplicative decrease in inputs. Meanwhile, it can direct the computational power to the more essential features, relieving the burden on the computer hardware. We build a point cloud classification network by simply stacking CSAM called cyclic self-attention network (CSAN). We also propose a novel framework for point cloud semantic segmentation called full cyclic self-attention network (FCSAN). By adaptively fusing the original mapping features and the CSAM extracted features, it can better capture the context information of point clouds. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets show that our methods can achieve competitive performance in classification and segmentation tasks.
GRACE: A General Graph Convolution Framework for Attributed Graph Clustering
Authors: Fanseu Kamhoua Barakeel , Zhang Lin , Ma Kaili , Cheng James , Li Bo , Han Bo
Published: June 2022

Attributed graph clustering (AGC) is an important problem in graph mining as more and more complex data in real-world have been represented in graphs with attributed nodes. While it is a common practice to leverage both attribute and structure information for improved clustering performance, most existing AGC algorithms consider only a specific type of relations, which hinders their applicability to integrate various complex relations into node attributes for AGC. In this article, we propose GRACE, an extended graph convolution framework for AGC tasks. Our framework provides a general and interpretative solution for clustering many different types of attributed graphs, including undirected, directed, heterogeneous and hyper attributed graphs. By building suitable graph Laplacians for each of the aforementioned graph types, GRACE can seamlessly perform graph convolution on node attributes to fuse all available information for clustering. We conduct extensive experiments on 14 real-world datasets of four different graph types. The experimental results show that GRACE outperforms the state-of-the-art AGC methods on the different graph types in terms of clustering quality, time, and memory usage.
Inhibition of GSDMD Activates Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and Promotes Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Zhang Zheng-hao , Zhang Zi-guan , Chen Min-wei , Yang Ying , Li Run-jing , Xu Jia-jia , Yang Cui , Li Yu-ying , Chen Hong-wei , Liu Shi-xiao , Li Yan-ling , Luo Ping , Liu Yi-jiang , Chen Wen-bo , Shan Zhong-gui , Huang Zheng-rong
Published: June 2022

The precise control of cardiomyocyte viability is imperative to combat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), in which apoptosis and pyroptosis putatively contribute to the process. Recent researches indicated that GSDMD is involved in I/R as an executive protein of pyroptosis. However, its effect on other forms of cell death is unclear. We identified that GSDMD and GSDMD-N levels were significantly upregulated in the I/R myocardium of mice. Knockout of GSDMD conferred the resistance of the hearts to reperfusion injury in the acute phase of I/R but aggravated reperfusion injury in the chronic phase of I/R. Mechanistically, GSDMD deficiency induced the activation of PARylation and the consumption of NAD+ and ATP, leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Moreover, PJ34, a putative PARP-1 inhibitor, reduced the myocardial injury caused by GSDMD deficiency. Our results reveal a novel action modality of GSDMD in the regulation of cardiomyocyte death; inhibition of GSDMD activates PARylation, suggesting the multidirectional role of GSDMD in I/R and providing a new theory for clinical treatment.
Design and Analysis of Intelligent Agricultural Monitoring System Based on Biological Intelligence Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Chen Zhiqin , Liao Zhihao , Qian Deming , Li Jie
Published: June 2022

The traditional optimization method has insufficient intelligence, slow operation speed, and some problems in the calculation of optimal parameters when facing the relationship between too large sample size and complex thread. The biological intelligence optimization algorithm is based on the genetic and evolutionary mechanism of the genetic system. The smart agricultural system is the application of new IOT technology in the field of smart agriculture, mainly including real-time monitoring, wireless monitoring, and remote image and analysis functions. Through this topic, it is concluded that (1) when the parameter is set to μ = 0.02, β = 0.99, the deviation of the optimal value = 1.74, the deviation of the average value = 3.86, the standard deviation of the experimental value = 3.81, the performance evaluation = 2.68, and the maximum number of peaks = 4. It can give full play to the advantages of various algorithms and learn from each other's strengths. (2) The sNIOA algorithm is the best. Compared with the NIOA algorithm, the accuracy of N is increased by 50% and the accuracy of L = 8 is increased by 20%. Compared with the NGA algorithm, the error of I is reduced by 23.5% and the offset of M is reduced. NPSO algorithm pm performance is improved by 20%, and pmk peak value is reduced by 20%. The domestic research on smart agriculture has experienced explosive growth, and the research has been carried out from the concept of smart agriculture, related technologies, constraints, industrial chain, etc., to provide theoretical guidance for the development of smart agriculture. The worst algorithm parameter is the NIOA model whose offset increases little, the performance decreases by 20%, and the peak value becomes worse. (3) The smart agriculture project uses the latest Internet of Things and cloud computing technology, and based on the analysis of big data and artificial intelligence technology, a new service form is proposed, that is, a cloud, network, and platform composite service system to establish a regional closed-loop ecological chain integrating agricultural production, processing, and marketing. (4) In the biological genetic algorithm model, the recall rate of Cp is low, the ROC curve fluctuates greatly, the specificity AEa is poor, and the sensitivity is not high. Using the integrated technology integrating GIS technology, RS technology, spatial statistics, mathematical models, and other methods, based on the differences of various temporal and spatial scales and their monitoring methods, combined with regression model and spatial sampling method, quantitative analysis was performed, and its influencing factors were analyzed. The comparison shows that the optimal F1 score of biological intelligence optimization parameters is up to 23% higher, the accuracy rate Ao is increased by 20%, and the accuracy rate is high.
Intervention Effect of Evidence-Based Nursing on Postoperative Recovery of Vacuum Sealing Drainage in Patients with High Perianal Abscess with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence Images
Authors: Chen Xiaoxia , Tang Qingzhu , Luo Hongbiao , Zhong Xianghong
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intervention effect of evidence-based nursing (EBN) on vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) recovery of patients with high perianal abscess after vacuum sealing drainage based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence images. 60 patients with high perianal abscess were selected, and 30 patients before VSD were selected as the control group. Routine nursing was implemented in the control group, 30 patients after VSD were observed, and EBN was implemented in the observation group. The detection rates of various types of perianal abscess with different sequence combinations were studied, and the effects of EBN on pain and anal function scores of perianal abscess patients were analyzed. Anal function and defecation were assessed, and postoperative complications were calculated. Different combinations of MRI sequences can reach higher detection rates of intersphincter abscess and ischial anal abscess. The observation group had better pain relief and anal function recovery. The complication rate of the observation group was 16.67%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). It was confirmed that different MRI sequence combinations had higher detection rates for intersphincter abscess and ischial fossa abscess. EBN can promote the recovery of anal function and reduce complications in patients with perianal abscess.
A Smart Solution for Cancer Patient Monitoring Based on Internet of Medical Things Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Sriram Arram , Sekhar Reddy G. , Anand Babu G. L. , Bachanna Prashant , Gurpreet Singh Chhabra , Moyal Vishal , Shubhangi D. C. , Sahu Anil Kumar , Bhonsle Devanand , Madana Mohana R. , Srihari K. , Chamato Fekadu Ashine
Published: June 2022

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a huge, exciting new phenomenon that is changing the world of technology and innovating various industries, including healthcare. It has specific applications and changes in the medical world based on what can be done for clinical workflow models. The first and most fundamental thing that IoMT does in healthcare is to bring a flood of new data into medical processes. In this study, an efficient Internet of Medical Things based cancer detection model was proposed. In fact, for many, new fitness monitors and watches are one of the best examples on the Internet; these mobile, portable, wearable devices can record real-time heart rate, blood pressure, and eye movement of cancer patients. These details are sent to doctors or anywhere else. The proposed method leads to a kind of big data renaissance in the health service. The proposed model gets more accuracy while comparing with the existing models. This will help the doctors to analyze the patients’ health report and provides better treatment.
Prognostic Value of Combining Apelin-12 and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liu Yue , Xia Huasong , Li Meng , Chen Yi , Wu Yanqing
Published: June 2022

Background. Apelin-12 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are considered prognostic factors for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, little is known about whether the combined use of these two biomarkers could enhance the prognostic value. This study aimed to investigate the utility of combining apelin-12 and eGFR for STEMI. Methods. Patients were divided into four groups based on median apelin-12 level and eGFR level: A: low apelin-12, low eGFR; B: low apelin-12, high eGFR; C: high apelin-12, low eGFR; and D: high apelin-12, high eGFR. The Cox regression was used to identify prognostic factors. The Kaplan–Meier and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the prognostic value of apelin-12 combined with eGFR in patients with STEMI. Results. Among 460 patients, 118 (25.7%) experienced major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during the entire follow-up of 30 months. The Kaplan–Meier curve analysis revealed that group D had the best prognosis compared with the other three groups. The combination of apelin-12 and eGFR (area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.699) enhanced the predictive value for MACE compared with either apelin-12 (AUC, 0.617) or eGFR (AUC, 0.596) alone. There was a negative association between apelin-12 and eGFR (r = −0.32,

p
<
0.001

), while no association was observed between the Gensini score and apelin-12 or eGFR. Conclusions. This study suggests that both low apelin-12 (<0.76 ng/ml) and low eGFR (<94.06 mL/min/1.73 m2) are associated with poor prognosis in STEMI, indicating that the combination of apelin-12 and eGFR could enhance the prognostic value of patients with STEMI.