bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status of Fish Biodiversity in the Sindphana River Dam Near Shirur Kasar, District Beed, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Pathan T S , Shinde S E
Published: January 2024

Fish biodiversity studies were undertaken from January 2012 to December 2012 to census commercially important fishes in the Sindphana Dam. The present paper deals with the variety and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Sindphana Dam near Shirur Kasar Dist. Beed [M.S] India. The results of the present investigation reveal the occurrence of 44 fish species belonging to 7 orders, 15 families, and 26 genera. Among the collected species order Cypriniformes was most dominant constituting 50% followed by order Siluriformes constituting 18%, order Perciformesconstituting 18 %, orders Osteoglossiformesand Synbranchiformes constituting 5% and orders Mugiliformesand Beloniformes constituting 2 %of the total fish species. Fish biodiversity indices species richness 44 in the total number of species (N0), 3.73 in Margalef’s index (R1), and 0.97 in the Menhinick index (R2). Species diversity was 0.47 in the Simpson index (), 1.16 in the Shannon-Weiner index (H’), 2.98 in abundant species (N1), and 2.80 in very abundant species (N2). Species evenness was 0.42 in (E1), 0.21 in (E2), 0.17 in (E3), 0.95 in (E4), and 0.97 in (E5).
Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 155-164, 2023
Animals and Ethics: How Much Do We Care?
Authors: Naser Md Niamul
Published: January 2024

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 133-134, 2023
Comparative Diurnal Activity Patterns of Merops Leschenaulti and Merops Orientalis at Chittagong University Campus, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Tanzina , Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted on the diurnal activity patterns of chestnut-headed bee-eater (Merops leschenaulti) and green bee-eater (Merops orientalis) at Chittagong University Campus, Bangladesh in the year 2015. Six major activities (perching, flying, calling, feeding, diving, and preening) were recorded for both species during the study period. The two bee-eater species were observed to spend their maximum (M. leschenaulti: 37.63%; M. orientalis: 35.95%) time in perching, whereas the minimum time spent by M. leschenaulti was observed in diving (1.76%) and by M. orientalis was in feeding (2.17%). They were more active during 15:00 - 17:00 h (M. leschenaulti: 27.34%; M. orientalis: 27.23%) than other diurnal time blocks. Two species spent their highest (M. leschenaulti: 14.71%; M. orientalis: 14.00%) time performing different activities in June and the lowest (M. leschenaulti: 2.71%; M. orientalis: 3.46%) in January. Both bee-eaters were mostly (M. leschenaulti: 56.58%; M. orientalis: 53.07%) active in monsoon than in other seasons. The similar activity patterns between two bee-eater species could be influenced by similar lifestyles associated with their close taxonomic relationship. A number of ecological factors, such as temperature, humidity and precipitation could influence the daily, monthly and seasonal variations in activities.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 175-190, 2023
Evaluation of Anti-malarial Activity of Brassica Juncea, Glinus Oppositifolius, and Barringtonia Acutangular Against Plasmodium Falciparum Strain
Authors: Khanum Hamida , Afrin Sadia
Published: January 2024

Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, contributes to a significant global health burden that disproportionally affects those living in developing nations. The majority of cases are caused by the species P. falciparum and responsible for the a million deaths each year worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate extracts of three indigenous medicinal plants- Raishorisha, Brassica juncea; Gimma shak, Glinus oppositifolius and Hijal, Barringtonia acutangula In vitro anti-plasmodial activities against the 3D7 laboratory strain of Plasmodium falciparum, which is sensitive to all drug was tested. HRP2 ELISA assay was used to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory activity of the extracts. Plant extracts showed moderate to good anti parasitic effects. Highly promising anti-plasmodial activity was found in the extract of Brassica juncea. 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 3D7: 0.00905 μg/ml (methanol extract), and Glinus oppositifolius had a good activity (IC50) 3D7: 13.8 μg/ml (methanol extract). A moderate activity (23.8 μg/ml) was found in the methanol extracts of B. acutangula. These results demonstrate that methanol extracts of B. juncea and G. oppositifolius may have antimalarial agents even in their crude form. The isolation of compounds from these two plants seems to be of special interest for further anti-malarial studies.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 205-216, 2023
CONCEPTUALIZING NOUNS: ENHANCING STUDENTS’ COMPREHENSION THROUGH E-MAGAZINES
Authors: FADHLIAH MAHMUD NUR FARAH , NAZAMUD-DIN AISYAH , AIDIT NUR AZIELA , AMBI SITI HAFIZAH , RIJENG JACQUELINE SUSAN
Published: January 2024

This study explores the potential of e-magazines as a tool to enhance students' conceptualization of nouns. This research discovers how e-magazines can contribute to students’ conceptualization of nouns, ultimately improving their understanding of this grammatical element through reflective feedback. The study employed a mixed-method approach, emphasizing qualitative method through iREFLECT v1 questionnaires. Participants were first year Diploma students in one of tertiary institutions in Malaysia. The findings revealed positive outcomes as evidenced in the feedback form and highlighted positive impacts of e-magazines in aiding students’ conceptualization of nouns and improving their overall comprehension. These findings contribute to the existing literature on innovative teaching approaches, emphasizing the importance of incorporating digital resources to foster learners in the 21st century classroom.
EXPLORING THE USE OF TEACHING TECHNIQUES AND MULTIMEDIA RESOURCES IN LANGUAGE AND POETRY EDUCATION
Authors: RAMACHINDRAN SARAVANAN , RAMASAMY MOHANADASS
Published: January 2024

This study examines how different teaching methods, such as dramatisation, mind mapping, multimedia integration, and reading and performing poetry aloud, can improve students' language proficiency and appreciation of poetry in language classes. The research emphasises the advantages of various teaching approaches and multimedia resources in fostering active engagement with the material, catering to different learning styles, and improving overall learning outcomes. It does this by drawing on a thorough review of the body of existing literature and an analysis of the study's findings. The findings have important ramifications for educators, those who create curricula, and academics working in the fields of poetry education and language teaching. They provide information on how to create pedagogical practises that are more inclusive and successful. Additionally, this paper offers suggestions for further study and application, highlighting the significance of adopting a flexible and student-centered approach to teaching poetry, integrating emerging technologies, and prioritizing the inclusion of poetry as a core component of language education.
TEACHERS' POSITIVE FEEDBACK PRACTICES ON STRUGGLING READERS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY
Authors: MOHAMED SAFEEK NAINA MOHAMED , ENG HOCK KWAY
Published: January 2024

Feedback is a cornerstone in education, profoundly influencing students' educational journeys and achievements. This study aims to investigate the impact of positive feedback practices among teachers on struggling readers in Sri Lanka's junior secondary education context. The objectives are to assess the specific positive feedback strategies employed by teachers, to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of these practices, to investigate the challenges and obstacles teachers encounter during their implementation, and to identify effective strategies, and determine the factors that predict positive feedback practices. The research employed a survey-based design, collecting data from 199 junior secondary teachers, randomly selected from various teaching experiences, subjects, and school locations. A purpose-built survey is administered online via Google forms, and data were analyzed using SPSS, involving descriptive statistics, thematic content analysis, and linear regression. The study revealed diverse participant representation, reflecting the multifaceted junior secondary education landscape. Positive feedback practices were prevalent, emphasizing effective feedback, effort encouragement, and a supportive environment. Perceived effectiveness was moderate, suggesting room for improvement. Teachers faced challenges including resource shortages, absenteeism, and student motivation, but offered solutions such as reading programs and parental involvement. Regression analysis identified a significant positive relationship between positive feedback practices and their overall effectiveness, highlighting their crucial role in supporting struggling readers.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TEACHER SUPPORT FOR STUDENT LEARNING IN DIVERSE EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS: A FOCUS ON STUDENTS' SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUSES
Authors: CAREEMDEEN JALAL DEEN
Published: January 2024

The educational landscape is an intricate ecosystem where students' growth is significantly influenced by their interactions with teachers and peers. In this context, teachers assume multifaceted roles as facilitators, mentors, and motivators, providing crucial support for students' learning. However, disparities in teacher support based on demographic factors, such as parental income and parental education, can contribute to educational inequalities. This research paper delves into the realm of teacher support for student learning, with a focus on its relationship with students' socio-economic backgrounds. The population of the study is senior secondary school children in Sri Lanka. A total of 1350 secondary school children from the North, South, East, West and Central parts of the country served as participants in this study. A stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample for this study. A survey research design and quantitative research approach were used to conduct the study. A self-administered questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale was used as the instrument for data collection from students. Data are analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23. One-way MANOVA and Two-way MANOVA are used for data analysis. The study found no statistically significant differences based on the educational levels of both fathers and mothers. This indicates that teacher support remains consistent irrespective of variations in parental education. Similarly, the study examined the impact of parental income on teacher support and found no statistically significant differences among different income groups. However, students from families with incomes between Rs. 46,001 and Rs. 150,000 received the highest level of teacher support. In conclusion, this research highlights the pivotal role of teacher support in students' academic and socio-emotional development. It demonstrates that teacher support is generally consistent, regardless of parental educational levels or income. While these findings are encouraging, they also emphasise the need for further research and policy interventions to ensure equitable distribution of teacher support and reduce educational disparities. Ultimately, this research contributes valuable insights to foster a more inclusive and supportive learning environment for all students, regardless of their socio-economic background, parental education, or income level.
Changing Architecture and Construction Practices in the Gilgit Baltistan Region, Pakistan: Case of Hotel and Tourism Industry
Authors: Ovais Hira , Maria Sajid Zaheer  , Faryal Sikandar  , Asim Mobin Syed , Talpur Bushra Danish
Published: January 2024

The tourism and hotel industry is rapidly causing the alteration of the architectural and construction practices in the Gilgit-Baltistan region as more and more people have become associated with the industry including both the locals as well as outsiders. This paper presents an overview of the changing scenario of architecture and construction practices in the Gilgit-Baltistan region and the preferences of the local population. It aims to do so by highlighting the architectural and construction practices of the past and present specifically in the hotel and tourism industry of the region, outlining the type of construction and their techniques while also inquiring the locals regarding their preferences pertaining to architecture and construction. The secondary data giving an overview of the region, and the architectural and construction practices; is gathered from the relevant newspaper articles, reports, websites and, journal articles while the primary data is gathered from the site visits to the region along with questionnaire surveys conducted from the local population. An assessment of hotels developed during different timelines presenting case studies employing either vernacular or modern or even a combination of both techniques is carried out in terms of their use of materials, architectural features, and structure/construction typology. Conclusively, the research tries to put forth the trends in architecture and construction practices especially in the case of hotel buildings in the region as while an increase in tourism has caused a boost in the construction of hotels in the region, it has raised many other concerns such as disconnect from local culture, use of alienated building materials making the buildings poor in terms of thermal comfort, dying cultural heritage.
Development and Analysis of Biomaterial Based on Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate and Epoxy Resin
Authors: Sadia Arshad  , Hafsa Aijaz  , Muhammad Rizwan  , Tooba Khan  , Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haque
Published: January 2024

Bone deformation and the degradation of the joint are one of the most common problems faced around the world, especially after the age of 50. Materials like Allograft and Polymethyl-Methacrylate (PMMA) are used in traditional orthotics and prosthetics, and for bone grafting/filling procedures, however, these materials can be expensive. This research proposes, the fabrication of a novel material by utilizing Calcium-Sulfate Hemihydrate (CaSO4. 1/2H2O), and epoxy resin, which can be used as a cost-effective orthotic and prosthetic material. The materials are already used as bone adhesives and bone grafts, hence, are compatible and non-toxic. The fabricated composite material possesses physical properties closest to the natural human bone and is also hydrophilic. Samples with different ratios of the constituents were fabricated and tested for their hardness, compression, and contact angle values using a Hardness tester, PASCO compression tester, and Image J software. The hardness test results indicate that sample 1 has the hardness value i.e., 29.5 ± 2.50 HV in contrast the hardness value of a human bone is found to be 33.3
PVT Analysis and Behavioral Modeling of Doherty and Envelope Tracking RF ULP Power Amplifiers using 65 nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Akhter Muhammad Ovais , M. Amin Najam , Rashid Masud Aurangzeb
Published: January 2024

This research encompasses both Process-Voltage-Temperature (PVT) considerations and behavioral modeling of two proposed Power Amplifier (PA) designs for wireless communication systems. Process variations, supply voltage changes, and temperature changes provide difficulties for the design and optimization of power amplifiers for wireless communication systems and may have a substantial influence on their effectiveness. PVT analysis and behavioral modeling have been conducted to address the aforementioned challenges and characterize the behavior and performance of the power amplifiers under real-world operating conditions. It investigates the impact of process variations, supply voltage variations, and temperature variations on the performance of the PAs. The insights gained from this analysis contribute to a deeper understanding of the power amplifiers' performance, efficiency, and suitability for specific wireless communication standards, laying the foundation for future advancements in RF power amplifier design. The first design focuses on a Doherty PA (DPA) tailored for low-power short-range applications complying with the IEEE Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) standard. The second design explores an Envelope Tracking (ET) supply bias control for low-power long-range applications conforming to the IEEE Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard. By examining these factors, the research ensures that the PAs exhibit reliable and optimal performance under real-world operating conditions. The PVT corners show a change in gain of only 0.4 dB for DPA and 0.9 dB for ET PA. Furthermore, behavioral modeling is employed to characterize the power efficiency of the envelope tracking PA, along with the current efficiency and quotient current on the load current scale. These models provide valuable insights into the behavior and performance of the PAs at a higher level of abstraction. The results and findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the PA’s performance, efficiency, and suitability for specific wireless communication standards, laying the foundation for future advancements in RF power amplifier design.
Design and Validation of Water Based Dense Dielectric Patch Antenna (DDPA) for Microwave Communication around Frequency of 1GHz
Authors: Mukhtar Madiha , Niazi Shahab Ahmad , Kumar Dileep , Fayyaz Umar , Munir Abid
Published: January 2024

Liquid antennas are distinct types of antennas that have been widely used due to their low profile, reconfigurable, and tunable features with steering abilities. In this paper, a low profile, high directivity, and good efficiency reconfigurable Water-Dense Dielectric Patch Antenna (DDPA) fed by the coaxial probe is presented. Distilled water becomes lossy above 1 GHZ frequency, so it is best suitable for lower-frequency applications. A thick substrate between the water patch and the ground plane is used. An impedance bandwidth of 7% with a maximum gain of 7.78 dBi, and radiation efficiency up to 71 % is obtained. This antenna can operate over the 967 to 1038 MHz band without a reduction in radiation efficiency. Simulated results are presented to validate the new design in both CST microwave studio and ANSYS HFSS which are the best simulating software for antenna designing. The comparison shows that the new antenna has a more compact size, and simpler structure, and is suitable for low-frequency applications.
Evaluasi Perilaku Struktur Gedung Beton Bertulang dengan Metode Elemen Hingga Proyek Pembangunan Banten Islamic Center
Authors: Pratama Rama , Walujodjati Eko
Published: January 2024

Salah satu jenis konstruksi adalah konstruksi gedung suatu infrastruktur penting dalam kehidupan manusia dan banyak dipakai di seluruh dunia. Konstruksi gedung dapat dipakai untuk berbagai aktivitas, seperti kediaman, perkantoran, pusat perbelanjaan, serta semacamnya. Karena itu, teknologi yang dapat membantu membuat rencana gedung menjadi lebih mudah dan saling terhubung diperlukan, yaitu perhitungan analisa struktur gedung ini menggunakan cara elemen hingga.(Finite.Element.Method). Hitungan evaluasi juga mengacu kepada SNI`1726,1727, dan 2847:2019. Hitungan beban mencakup beban angin, gempa, mati, dan beban`hidup. Struktur atas dan bawah adalah komponen struktur yang di analisis. Hasil dari perhitungan evaluasi bahwa struktur beton mampu menahan beban- beban yang di berikan, di lihat dari kolom dimensi 600 x 600 yang mana momen yang bekerja pada kolom tersebut sebesar 171 kNm sedangkan momen yang mampu di tahan oleh kolom tersebut sebesar 496.7 kNm dengan ratio 0.346, sehingga dapat di katakan struktur tersebut sangat aman, tetapi dari sisi efisiensi material yang di gunakan kolom tersebut dapat di katakan boros.
Evaluasi Ketersediaan Air Baku pada Bendung Gunungcupu
Authors: Yulianti Jihan , Permana Sulwan
Published: January 2024

Ketersediaan air di Bendung Gunungcupu sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung berbagai aktivitas masyarakat di daerah layanannya. Penyebab berkurangnya pasokan air bersih  salah satunya adalah kerusakan pada pipa akibat bencana alam, seperti yang terjadi pada tahun 2022, telah terjadi banjir bandang luapan Sungai Citanduy yang berlokasi di area Bendung Gunungcupu dan menyebabkan pipa utama transmisi air baku milik PDAM Tirta Galuh Ciamis di Intake Gunungcupu terputus sepanjang 100 meter, akibatnya pasokan air di daerah layanan Bendung Gunugcupu terganggu. Maka dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ketersediaan air baku, mengetahui proyeksi kebutuhan air bersih pada tahun 2042, serta mengetahui debit banjir rencana di Bendung Gunungcupu. Metode yang digunakan berupa pendekatan secara kuantitatif. Untuk mengetahui ketersediaan air baku adalah mengolah data debit aktual dengan menggunakan persamaan Weibull, menghitung proyeksi jumlah penduduk menggunakan metode aritmatika dan geometrik, perhitungan kebutuhan air bersih untuk kebutuhan domestik pada tahun 2042, serta mengolah data curah hujan untuk menganalisis debit maksimum rencana menggunakan metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Nakayasu dan Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Gama I. Hasil perhitungan didapatkan ketersediaan air pada Bendung Gunungcupu adalah 730 liter/detik. Kebutuhan air bersih pada tahun 2042 untuk tiga kecamatan adalah 302,66 liter/detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, pasokan air dari Bendung Gunungcupu dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih untuk Kecamatan Ciamis, Baregbeg, dan Cijeungjing pada tahun 2042. Kemudian debit banjir rencana metode HSS Nakayasu untuk probabilitas Gumbel pada Q100 sebesar 930,484 m3/detik dan untuk probabilitas Log Normal pada Q100 sebesar 786,302 m3/detik, sedangkan debit banjir rencana metode HSS Gama I untuk probabilitas Gumbel pada Q100 sebesar 833,381 m3/detik dan untuk probabilitas Log Normal pada Q100 sebesar 707,002 m3/detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa debit maksimum terbesar adalah metode HSS Nakayasu untuk probabilitas Gumbel, maka metode HSS Nakayasu baik digunakan untuk perencanaan keamanan bangunan air terhadap banjir.
Proper Indication of Decompressive Craniectomy for the Patients with Massive Brain Edema after Intra-arterial Thrombectomy
Authors: Im Sang-Hyuk , Yoo Do-Sung , Park Hae-Kwan
Published: January 2024

Objective : Numerous studies have indicated that early decompressive craniectomy (DC) for patients with major infarction can be life-saving and enhance neurological outcomes. However, most of these studies were conducted by neurologists before the advent of intra-arterial thrombectomy (IA-Tx). This study aims to determine whether neurological status significantly impacts the final clinical outcome of patients who underwent DC following IA-Tx in major infarction.Methods : This analysis included 67 patients with major anterior circulation major infarction who underwent DC after IA-Tx, with or without intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, radiological findings, and compared the neurological outcomes based on the “surgical time window” and neurological status at the time of surgery.Results : For patients treated with DC following IA-Tx, a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 7 was the lowest score correlated with a favorable outcome (p=0.013). Favorable outcomes were significantly associated with successful recanalization after IA-Tx (p=0.001) and perfusion/diffusion (P/D)-mismatch evident on magnetic resonance imaging performed immediately prior to IA-Tx (p=0.007). However, the surgical time window (within 36 hours, p=0.389; within 48 hours, p=0.283) did not correlate with neurological outcomes.Conclusion : To date, early DC surgery after major infarction is crucial for patient outcomes. However, this study suggests that the indication for DC following IA-Tx should include neurological status (GCS ≤7), as some patients treated with early DC without considering the neurological status may undergo unnecessary surgery. Recanalization of the occluded vessel and P/D-mismatch are important for long-term neurological outcomes.
Valent Representation: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Hatzimoysis Anthony
Published: January 2024

If emotion is not an arbitrary compilation of fixed types of (descriptive, conceptual, conative, prescriptive) content, nor a state that can be reduced to other types of pre-existing (perceptual, cognitive, behavioral) states, then what sort of thing is it really? Tom Cochrane has proposed that emotions are valent representations of situated concerns. Valent representation is a type of mental content whose function is to detect the presence or absence of certain conditions; what makes that type of content valent is that without needing the mediation of any other state, a response is triggered that is disposed to increase or decrease the presence of the condition represented. I raise doubts about the plausibility of that account in light of recent work in philosophy of biology and philosophy of mind.
Cochrane’s Nativism
Authors: Majeed Raamy
Published: January 2024

The aim of this commentary is to draw out a feature of Cochrane’s view not made explicit in his book and to invite him to say a bit more about it. The topic is nativism about emotion: the view that our emotions are systems/mechanisms/programs hardwired into our brains by evolution, and purpose built to generate certain expressive, physiological and behavioural responses. I argue Cochrane’s nativism is on the surface more attractive than standard nativist views of emotion, as it extends beyond the realm of basic emotions to include more complex emotional phenomena, including sentiments. But the main worry is that it does so at the expense of preserving what was plausible about such views in the first place.
Prognostic value of ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing of circulating tumor DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma under systemic treatment
Authors: Sogbe Miguel , Bilbao Idoia , Marchese Francesco P. , Zazpe Jon , De Vito Annarosaria , Pozuelo Marta , D’Avola Delia , Iñarrairaegui Mercedes , Berasain Carmen , Arechederra Maria , Argemi Josepmaria , Sangro Bruno
Published: January 2024

Background/Aims: New prognostic markers are needed to identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who carry a worse prognosis. Ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) (≤0.5× coverage) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as a low-cost promising tool to assess both circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) fraction and large structural genomic alterations. Here, we studied the performance of ULP-WGS of plasma cfDNA to infer prognosis in patients with HCC.Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from patients with HCC prior to surgery, locoregional or systemic therapy, and were analyzed by ULP-WGS of cfDNA to an average genome-wide fold coverage of 0.3x. ctDNA and copy number alterations (CNA) were estimated using the software package ichorCNA.Results: Samples were obtained from 73 HCC patients at different BCLC stages (BCLC 0/A: n=37, 50.7%; BCLC B/C: n=36, 49.3%). ctDNA was detected in 18 out of 31 patients who received systemic treatment. Patients with detectable ctDNA showed significantly worse overall survival (median, 13.96 months vs not reached). ctDNA remained an independent predictor of prognosis after adjustment by clinical-pathologic features and type of systemic treatment (hazard ratio 7.69; 95%, CI 2.09–28.27). Among ctDNA-positive patients under systemic treatments, the loss of large genomic regions in 5q and 16q arms was associated with worse prognosis after multivariate analysis.Conclusions: ULP-WGS of cfDNA provides clinically relevant information about the tumor biology. The presence of ctDNA and the loss of 5q and 16q arms in ctDNA-positive patients are independent predictors of worse prognosis in patients with advanced HCC receiving systemic therapy.
Macrofaunal colonization after large-scale sand-cap and Zostera marina restoration of organic enriched sediments in a Danish fjord
Authors: Steinfurth RC , Nielsen B , Elsberg LF , Lange T , Oncken NS , Quintana CO , Kristensen E , Flindt MR
Published: January 2024

Decades of eutrophication in Danish estuaries have changed the dominant primary producers from eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows to phytoplankton and ephemeral macroalgae. This has resulted in enrichment of sediments with organic matter, and frequent bottom-water hypoxia that negatively affects the macrofauna community. In this study, we propose that restoration by sand-capping is a solution to improve sediment conditions, which may facilitate eelgrass restoration and accelerate recovery of macrofauna communities. Sand-capping was carried out by adding a layer of approximately 10 cm of sand on top of 1.4 ha of organic-rich sediment. One year later, we transplanted 6000 eelgrass shoots onto the sand-cap; however, they did not survive more than a few months due to blooms of filamentous algae that smothered the eelgrass. The sand-cap remained intact and the colonization of macrofauna was investigated by analysis of species richness (S), abundance (N) and feeding guilds (FGs) in the sand-capped area and at uncapped sediment. S, N and diversity of FGs were significantly higher for infauna in the sand-capped area compared to uncapped sediment after 1 yr. Conversely, S of epifauna was highest on uncapped sediment and N of epifauna varied seasonally rather than being affected by the sediment conditions.
Effect of autonomic blockers on heart period variability in calves. Evaluation of the sympathovagal balance
Authors: Després G , Veissier I , Boissy A
Published: January 2024

This study was designed to validate the measures of heart period variability for assessing of autonomic nervous system control in calves. Eight calves received an injection of either 0.5 mg/kg atenolol (sympathetic tone blockade), 0.2 mg/kg atropine sulfate (parasympathetic tone blockade), 0.5 mg/kg atenolol + 0.2 mg/kg atropine sulfate (double autonomic blockade) or saline. In the time-domain, we calculated the mean instantaneous heart rate (HR), mean of RR intervals (MeanRR), standard deviation of RR intervals (SDRR) and that of the difference between adjacent intervals (RMSSD). In the frequency-domain, the power of the spectral band 0-1 Hz (TPW), the power of the 0-0.15 Hz band (LF), that of the 0.15-1 Hz band (HF), and the LF/HF ratio were considered. The net vago-sympathetic effect (VSE) was calculated as the ratio of MeanRR in a defined situation to MeanRR during the double blockade. Atenolol injection had no effect on cardiac activity, whereas atropine induced large modifications which were moderated when atenolol was administered at the same time. VSE, HR, MeanRR and RMSSD were found to be valid indicators of the parasympathetic tone of calves because of large variations due to the drug and low individual variations. No measure reflected the sympathetic tone.
Changes of sodium and ATP affinities of the renal Na,K-ATPase during and after nitric oxide-deficient hypertension
Authors: Vrbjar N , Javorková V , Pecháňová O
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the molecular basis of renal Na,K-ATPase disturbances in response to NO-deficient hypertension induced in rats by NO-synthase inhibition with 40 mg/kg/day NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) for four weeks. After 4-week administration of L-NAME, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased by 30 %. Three weeks after terminating the treatment, SBP recovered to control value. When activating the Na,K-ATPase with its substrate ATP, a 36 % increase in Km and 29 % decrease in Vmax values were observed in NO-deficient rats. During activation with Na+, the Vmax was decreased by 20 % and the KNa was increased by 111 %, indicating a profound decrease in the affinity of the Na+-binding site in NO-deficient rats. After spontaneous recovery from hypertension, the Vmax remained at the level as in hypertension for both types of enzyme activation. However, in the presence of lower concentrations of substrate which are of physiological relevance an improvement of the enzyme activity was observed as documented by return of Km for ATP to control value. The KNa value for Na+ was decreased by 27 % as compared to hypertension, but still exceeded the corresponding value in the control group by 55 % thus resulting in a partial restoration of Na+ affinity of Na,K-ATPase which was depressed as a consequence of NO-dependent hypertension.
Sensitivity and specificity of bioassay of estrogenicity on mammary gland and uterus of female mice
Authors: Škarda J
Published: January 2024

Young intact (18 days of age) and adult ovariectomized (OV-X, ovariectomized between 21 to 24 days of age) C3H/Di mice were used to measure the estrogenicity on the basis of the growth response of mammary epithelial structures and weight of the uterus. The percentage area of the mammary fat pad occupied by mammary epithelial structures was progressively increased by 17ß estradiol from dose 0.001 µg.d-1. The maximum effective dose of estradiol was 0.01 µg.d-1 and the dose 10 µg.d-1 of estradiol decreased mammary size to control levels (inverted-U-shaped dose-response curve). Progesterone alone progressively stimulated mammary growth in young intact females from dose 125 µg.d-1, in adult OV-X animals from dose 1000 µg.d-1. Both in young intact and adult OV-X animals, uterine weight progressively increased during estradiol treatment. Progesterone alone had no effect on uterine weight in young intact animals; in adult OV-X animals, uterine weight was increased starting from dose 250 µg.d-1. Progesterone acted synergistically with estradiol to produce higher mammary growth than that in females treated with estradiol alone. The effects of a combination of estradiol plus progesterone in the mammary gland were mimicked by norethindrone acetate and inhibited by cortisol in both young intact and adult OV-X animals. Testosterone inhibited estradiol plus progesterone stimulated growth of mammary gland only in OV-X animals, but stimulated uterine weights in both young intact and adult OV-X animals. Spleen weight and size of mammary lymph nodes were not affected by estradiol, progesterone, norethindrone acetate or testosterone, but were decreased by cortisol. Cortisol also decreased the percent area of the mammary fat pad occupied by mammary epithelial structures, but had no effect on weight of the uterus. These results show that bioassay of estrogenicity in females is not specific. Mammary and uterine growth is stimulated not only by estrogens but also by progesterone and testosterone, respectively.
Escherichia coli administered into pig amniotic cavity appear in fetal airways and attract macrophages into fetal lungs
Authors: Šplíchal I , Trebichavský I , Šplíchalová A , Dítětová L , Zahradníčková M
Published: January 2024

Escherichia coli (2x104 bacteria) of the non-pathogenic O86 strain or enteropathogenic O55 strain were administered into the pig amniotic cavity at 79 to 86 days of gestation for six or ten hours. Translocation of bacteria into fetal lungs was confirmed by cultivation as well as by light and electron microscopy. Infection caused an influx of macrophages that were immunostained in cryostat sections by monoclonal antibody recognizing calprotectin.
Akademisyenlerin İçsel Motivasyonlarının Uzaktan Eğitim Uygulamaları Tutumlarına ve İş Yaşam Kalitelerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Funda , ÖZCAN Beyza Nur , ÇİÇEK Hüseyin
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, içsel motivasyonun, akademisyenlerin uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları tutumları ve iş yaşam kaliteleri üzerine etkisini tespit etmektir. Literatür incelendiğinde bu üç değişkenin (içsel motivasyon, uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları tutumu ve iş yaşam kalitesi) birbiriyle pozitif ilişkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın örneklemini Batı Anadolu'daki bir üniversitede aktif olarak çalışan 121 akademisyen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma için veri toplamada anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca veriler kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın tanımlayıcı istatistikleri (ortalama, standart sapma, çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri), Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon katsayıları ile ölçeklere ilişkin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın hipotezlerini test etmek amacıyla ise regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucuna göre, içsel motivasyonun akademisyenlerin uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları tutumları ve iş yaşam kaliteleri üzerine anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Generation Z Workplace Expectations: Nursing Students' Perspectives
Authors: KOÇ ASLAN Saliha , ÖZDEMİR Dilek , ÖZEL Zübeyde
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the workplace expectations of Generation Z nursing senior students. The research was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Participants are fourth-year nursing students in Turkey who do their internship in Istanbul hospitals affiliated to the Private Health Group in the spring term of 2020-2021 and have communication with the institution. The study population was 457 students, and the sample was 343 students who answered the online questionnaire. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analysed using appropriate statistical methods with ethical approval for the research. Collected data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 software, including descriptive statistics number, percentage, mean, standard error, and chi-square analysis for comparisons. Ethical issues were considered in the study, and approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee for the conduct of the study. The average age of the students participating in the study was 21.97. Of the total participants, 81.9% (281 students) were women. Students from 43 different universities participated in the study, of which 73.34% (255 students) studied at universities outside of Istanbul. 58.0% (188 students) of the participants stated that they chose the nursing profession voluntarily. The findings show that the students participating in the study value safety precautions, clarity in job roles, fair treatment from management, employee benefits such as insurance and social security, and fair wage distribution among workplace expectations. It is crucial to understand the changing needs of Generation Z nurses and adapt workplace policies and practises accordingly.
Türk İdare Sisteminde Güncel Sorun ve Çözüm Önerileri Açısından Kamu Personeli
Authors: BİLGİN Kamil Ufuk
Published: January 2024

Kamu kurum veya kuruluşlarda, kamusal mal veya hizmetin ifasında bulunmak üzere, kendine özgü mevzuata uygun olarak görevlendirilen kamu personeli, idari sistemin de önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Ancak bir taraftan kurumun insan kaynağı olarak, bir taraftan da kamu hizmeti ve yararına çalışan olarak yönetiminde karşılaşılan çeşitli sorunlar olabilmektedir. Bu genellemeye, Türk idare sistemine özgü durumların da etkisini katmak gerekir. Buna göre çalışmanın amacı Türk kamu personelinin yönetiminde yapısal sorunların yanı sıra, hukuki ve uygulama sorunlarının belirlenmesi ve çözüm önerilerinin sunulmasıdır. Ancak bu sorunları Devlet memuru, işçi ve sözleşmeli personel statülerine göre de gruplandırabilmek mümkün olmakla birlikte çalışmada, Türk kamu personeli toplamı içinde önemli bir çoğunluğa sahip olan Devlet memurlarına ilişkin sorunlar üzerinde durulmuştur. Dolayısıyla mevzuat olarak ta Devlet Memurları Kanunu esas alınmıştır. Bununla birlikte uygulamada karşılaşılan sorunlar incelenirken, diğer personele ilişkin bilgiler de verilmiştir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak konuyla ilgili bilimsel eserler taranmış ve ilgili mevzuat incelenmiştir. Buna göre Türk kamu personeline ilişkin sorunlar, personel yönetim ilkeleri, sınıflandırma ve istihdamdan başlayıp, ücretleme, ödülleme, yükselme ile hak ve yükümlülüklere kadar genişletilebilmektedir. Bu sorunlara ilişkin çözüm önerileri de bu konulara göre yapılmış, en uygun ve en uygulanabilir olanlar tercih edilmiştir.
The Effect of Counter Pressure and Birthball on The Time of The First Stage of Labor and Prevention of Perineal Rupture
Authors: Anwar Khalidatul Khair , Yustiari Yustiari , Hasmia Naningsi  , Asi Melania
Published: January 2024

Mothers with prolonged labor have a higher risk of bleeding. This study aimed to determine the effect of the counterpressure technique with a birthball on the length of the first stage of perineal rupture. This type of research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design using an observation form conducted  in Kendari City Hospital from May to August 2023. The design used was a two-group-only post-test, with a control group. The study population comprised multiparous mothers in the first active stage. The sample size consisting of 20 who were given the counterpressure technique with birthball, 20 who were only given the counterpressure technique, and 20 who received no treatment. The inclusion criteria were mothers who were willing to become respondents and mothers who gave birth with normal births. The samples were collected using purposive sampling. The t-test was used to determine the differences between the three groups. The results of the difference test in the length of active phase I between the group given the counterpressure technique with birthball (intervention I) and the control group were p-value (0.000). The results of the analysis for the group given the counterpressure technique (Intervention II) with the control group were p-value (0.000). The results of the analysis for the group given the counterpressure technique with birthball (Intervention I) with the counterpressure technique (Intervention II) were p-value (0.759). In Conclusions, Providing counterpressure techniques with a birthball or simply providing counterpressure techniques is effective in reducing the incidence of perineal ruptures.
Pelatihan Deteksi Dini Gangguan Jiwa Pada Kader Kesehatan di Desa Buntuna Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Baolan Kabupaten Toli-Toli
Authors: Suswinarto Dwi yogyo , Ismunandar Ismunandar , Yasmin Yasmin , Siahaya Asty Putri Pratiwi Army , Chatika Anggelina , Arya Angga Bima , Rafly Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan: Kasus gangguan jiwa di Sulawesi Tengah tercatat terus mengalami peningkatan. Puskesmas Baolan mencatat terdapat 24 kasus gangguan jiwa dimana 20% kasus yang ada berdomisili di Desa Buntuna. Upaya mencegah peningkatan kasus gangguan jiwa dilakukan melalui pemberdayaan peran serta masyarakat melalui kader kesehatan. Agar kader mampu menjalankan perannya dalam hal kesehatan jiwa, diperlukan  pengetahuan tentang kesehatan jiwa dan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa. Oleh karena itu Prodi D3 Keperawatan Tolitoli melaksanakan pengabdian masyarakat dengan memberikan pelatihan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan kepada kader tentang kesehatan jiwa dan  melakukan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan yaitu dengan memberikan materi mengenai kesehatan jiwa, melakukan latihan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa secara klasikal hari pertama dan kedua selanjutnya hari ke 3 melakukan deteksi dini secara langsung di masyarakat. Selain itu pengabdi juga melakukan pre test dan post test pada awal dan  akhir kegiatan. Hasil setelah dilakukan pelatihan  terjadi  peningkatan  pengetahuan dimana rata-rata hasil pre test seluruh peserta adalah 50 dan meningkat menjadi rata-rata 80 pada saat post test.  Sedangkan keterampilan  melakukan  deteksi dini gangguan jiwa, peserta mampu melaksanakan deteksi dini langsung pada 30 keluarga di RT 1 Dusun Buntuaya  pada 115 orang anggota keluarga. Deteksi dini yang dilakukan oleh para kader menunjukkan hasil bahwa  kategori sehat berjumlah 82 orang, kategori risiko sebanyak 30 orang dan  3 orang terdeteksi mengalami gangguan jiwa. Kesimpulan setelah mengikuti pelatihan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan kader tentang kesehatan jiwa dan  kemampuan melakukan deteksi dini gangguan jiwa yang diberikan.
ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT OF VEHICLE FLOW MONITORING DURING GRAIN HARVESTING
Authors:   Separate structural unit “Vocational College of Engineering, Management and land management of National Aviation University”, Voronkov Оleksiy , Rogovskii Ivan ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

The results of using equipment for determining the location of vehicles based on global navigation sat-ellite systems to modernize field road networks and improve the quality of vehicle flow monitoring systems during grain harvesting are presented. An engineering solution for optimizing vehicle registration points is presented and substanti-ated, which allows to eliminate congestion at entrances and/or exits by reducing the cost of the infrastructure required for operation. A list of measures for implementing an improved toll collection system has been formulated, including: installation of access points at entrances and exits, creation of special data centers, development of machine code and reflashing of previously released devices. To verify the proposed solution, data transmitted from vehicles to a GSM base station based on the mass service system. Keywords: grain harvesting, monitoring, flow, vehicle, queuing system.
SAFETY OF PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL CONTROL OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT BUSES
Authors:   JSC «Ukrautobusprom», Kraynyk Lubomyr , Ruban Dmytro ,   Lviv National University of Environmental Management
Published: January 2024

The results of research indicating how the physical and mechanical properties of public transport bus bodies change during operation are shown. The regularities of reducing the thickness of the load-bearing elements of the body frame depending on the mileage and service life of buses are presented. The results of simulation modeling of the com-pliance of the bus with the UNECE Rules № 66 with a service life of 8 years, indicate the unacceptable further exploitation of such a bus. Such a bus has increased deformations of the racks during rollover and does not provide proper living space for the cabin. It is proved that in Ukraine the technical control of buses regarding their technical condition in ac-cordance with the existing regulatory framework has a formal approach using visual control methods. On the basis of review and analysis of the current situation in the sector of safety of passenger transportation by bus public transport and studies of changes in the strength of bus bodies during operation, the main provisions of the formation of technical control are presented as well as the corresponding changes – updating State standard of Ukraine 3649: 2010 ‘Wheeled vehicles. Requirements for safe technical condition and control methods’. The proposed provisions provide for the control of bodies during operation to be carried out taking into account the European regulatory framework and features of operation in Ukraine. With such controls it is proposed to use progressive means of assessing the deterioration of the thickness of the walls of load-bearing racks of the frame and their physical and mechanical properties. This way will al-low for a reliable assessment of the technical condition of bus bodies which will ensure the proper technical condition of buses and its passive safety throughout the entire service life. Key words: safety, bus, technical control, body, corrosion, fatigue strength, standard.