bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recount and Account of Lived Experience of Children on the Street: A Phenomenology Approach
Authors: Obimakinde Abimbola Margaret , Shabir Moosa
Published: March 2023

Children on the street spend the daytime on street but go to their families at night. Lived experiences of these children stem from their daily activities on the street and interpersonal relations. Clarity on the lived experience of this category of street children is lacking in Nigeria. We explored lived experiences of children on the streets of Ibadan, Nigeria, sourcing information from the children and relevant adults involved with them. We conducted in-depth interviews with fifty-three participants, including children on the street, pairs of children and parental figures, street shop-owner, and child welfare officers. Framework analysis and coding with ATLAS Ti were conducted. Street Engagements, Beneficial and Challenging Experiences are the 3 thematic areas. Street Engagements included duration on the street, typical and atypical activities. Beneficial experiences included: financing family & personal needs, school co-financing, and better life opportunities. Challenging experiences included: financial crisis, school failure, prostitution, street gangs and substance use induction, thuggery, harassment, kidnapping, and ritual killing. The lived experience of street children with family ties is overwhelming with the challenging experiences subduing the perceived benefits. An appreciation of this discrepancy at the family level and target interventions can positively influence measures to curb the epidemic of children on the street.
The Multilevel Engagement Theory
Authors: Raza Muhammad Hassan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to present the multilevel engagement theory to conduct research studies and explain real-life situations. The multilevel engagement theory considers culture and diversity as central aspects along with the multilevel influences and sociocultural and historical contexts for understanding complex relationships and functioning among individuals, groups, and families in societies around the world. A critical review and assessment of the contemporary theories were conducted which uncovered important gaps and helped the author to demonstrate the contribution of the multilevel engagement theory in the relevant fields of study. Then, the author discussed the principles, assumptions, concepts, and propositions of the multilevel engagement theory. The use, application, and operationalization of the multilevel engagement theory in empirical research were also described with specific examples. The author also provided specific and testable hypotheses and qualitative themes for additional clarity and explanation of the multilevel engagement theory. The multilevel engagement theory offers researchers a comprehensive theoretical framework and a unique lens for studying family relationships and functioning in contextualized and inclusive manners. The implications and limitations are discussed.
Challenges and Opportunities for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the Pandemic: Parents’ Views in the Limelight
Authors: Milan Judiel B. , Lemana II Henry
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted many facets of human existence, including the experiences of the most vulnerable members of society. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the pandemic through the lens of their parents. It specifically aimed to delve into the challenges and opportunities these children encountered during these trying times. Using a phenomenological inquiry, six purposefully selected parents whose children have ASD were interviewed and observed to generate rich and detailed information about the phenomenon, which was fortified by the participants’ shared photographs by virtue of the photovoice methodology. The analysis brought out five themes from the gathered data; three focused on challenges: (1) putting up with the unavailability of special services, (2) catching up with the demands of modular education, and (3) running into emotional breakdowns. Meanwhile, two themes focused on opportunities: (4) increased time for family bonding and (5) acquisition of new life skills. The study’s findings highlight significant implications to government and educational leaders on the interventions and programs needed by children with ASD as they thrive in the midst of the pandemic.
Collegiality in the Organizational Work of Students and their Reflective Expressions of the School Values: An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Friales Wilter C.
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe collegiality in the organizational work of students and their expressions of the school's core values. Through a realist ethnographic approach to inquiry, It intends to generate a holistic portrait of that shared culture from the emic experiences of the eight (8) student leaders as participants of this study coming from a Marist School in the Philippines. Participant observation and in-depth interviews were utilized as data-gathering methods. Several themes emerged to characterize collegiality in the organization work of students: Establishing and Nurturing the ties; School Identity and Values Influencing their Relationship; Collegial-Interactions as Reflective of the School Values; and Instinctive Act of Sharing with the Work to Accomplish. The study provides a portrait of the student leaders of a Marist school on how they manifest collegial interaction in the organizational work and how school core values are expressed in their interactions. It is affirming that student leaders in this university manifest collegiality uniquely and positively by not only manifesting it on the work-level relationship but instead it develops into a more personalized level of relating and connecting with each other.
Impact of Crisis Trends in the Socio-Economic Sphere on the Quality of Life of Modern Youth
Authors: Niyazbayeva Aigul
Published: March 2023

The pandemic has shown the world that the lives of young people have changed. They faced severe problems: the deterioration of the quality of education, the manifestation of social inequality among young people, a complete loss of independence, numerous stresses and a decrease in the productive potential of an entire generation. The purpose of the research is to assess the socioeconomic living conditions of young people, including the status of young people in society and the level of migration processes among young people. Youth support programs in conditions of economic instability are one of the tools to combat youth unemployment in the country, improve the quality of education and vocational training of young people, and stimulate youth entrepreneurship. As research methods, the article uses sociological methods (questionnaires, interviews, observation), the method of factor analysis, comparison and synthesis, statistical and graphical methods of data processing. The originality of the research is that the author tried to reveal the main factors influencing the quality of life of young people; increasing the level of employment and stimulating entrepreneurial initiative of young people in terms of respecting their rights and interests; recommendations for improving the state of youth policy in the region.
The Potential of Human Capital Investment in Contributing to Economic Growth: ARDL Approach in the Context of Eastern and Southern Africa
Authors: Aden Dirir Sadik
Published: March 2023

Despite 25 years of exceptional progress in human development, there are still significant obstacles to overcome, particularly for underdeveloped nations. Numerous African countries devote substantial support to ensuring quality employment, a skilled workforce, and the building of an inclusive labour market.  Hereby, the actual paper investigates the potential of human capital investment in contributing to the economic growth of Eastern and Southern Africa from the period 2001 to 2020. The study also attempts to determine the factors that promote skilled workforces in African countries. To carry on with the examination the study used an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and the Granger causality tests. The rationale behind using these models is to capture the long-run and short-run dynamic relationship among the variables and to observe the direction of these relationships. Within this framework, the results exhibited that both during the long run and short run the educational level of individuals, government expenditure in education, and labour tax contribution affect the economic growth of the region. Whereas the Granger causality test establishes a one-way causal relationship between all educational levels and economic growth. The test presented no clear connection between government expenditure on education, labour tax, and GDP. Finally, the research provides evidence about the importance of investing in human capital to promote long-term economic growth. And how the government's efforts and educational system operate in Eastern and Southern Africa, which is a geographic region that is often overlooked.
Analysis of Gender Inequality in the Labor Market and Its Adaptation to the Conditions of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kireyeva Anel , Kenzheali Yerkezhan , Vasa László , Nurmangaliyev Asset
Published: March 2023

This paper examines to analyze the best world experiences for ensuring gender equality in remuneration and adaptation to the conditions of Kazakhstan. A literature review has shown that types of discrimination directly affect how women are represented in the labor market and explain why their career growth is slower than that of men. In the paper, it was decided to use a quantitative method by a detailed analysis of labor force surveys in countries such as Iceland, Finland, Norway, New Zealand, Sweden, Rwanda and Nicaragua for the period from 2010 to 2021. It draws upon the nation’s experience in its transition to a market-based economy and its impact on gender equality in the labor market. It further examines the challenges and opportunities that Kazakhstan has faced in its efforts to reduce gender inequality in the labor market, particularly with respect to wages, access to employment and labor regulations. The paper concludes by suggesting a set of interventions that Kazakhstan can pursue to reduce gender inequality in the labor market further and promote economic growth.
O JOGO LÚDICO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DIDÁTICA PARA O CÁLCULO MENTAL DA MULTIPLICAÇÃO PARA ALUNOS DO 6º ANO
Authors: Silva Alessandro da , Costa Aldo Luiz da
Published: March 2023

O trabalho em questão apresenta uma estratégia que pretende contribuir para o estímulo do cálculo mental da multiplicação em alunos do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Acreditamos que essa intervenção pedagógica nesse ano escolar seja importante, haja vista ser um período em que os alunos já vivenciaram o algoritmo do cálculo multiplicativo e são adolescentes que estão chegando aos 12 anos, idade em que normalmente o raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo está mais desenvolvido. Optamos em criar um jogo lúdico educacional que pudesse corresponder às expectativas dos alunos e, além disso, fazê-los compreender o seu sentido e sua dinâmica, sendo ao mesmo tempo recreativo e instrucional. O jogo foi apresentado e posto em prática pelos alunos de uma escola pública da Baixada Fluminense, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, sendo possível notar que muitos deles ficaram bastante animados e interessados em participar. Os resultados superaram nossas expectativas, por se tratar de turma de adolescentes eufóricos, retornando das solitárias aulas na modalidade remota por conta da pandemia da Covid -19.
ENSAYO ACADÉMICO SOBRE EL SISTEMA DE SALUD DE COLOMBIA: DESDE LA PLANIFICACIÓN DE SALUD PÚBLICA HASTA LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Castro Cordeiro Fernandes Priscila , Tom´áz Faria Gerusa , Cenedesi Junior Mario Angelo , Do Monte Massela Malta Arlete , Meneses Brito Grazielli , Dos Santos Dione Francisca , Vouillat Silvia Elena
Published: March 2023

Colombia está ubicada en América del Sur y su capital es la ciudad de Bogotá. Con más de 50 millones de habitantes, presenta uno de los más bien establecidos sistemas de salud de la America del sur y bien respetado en el mundo, pero en la práctica presenta muchos retos. El gasto sanitario corresponde aproximadamente al 17% del proyecto presupuestario y al 3,9% del PIB. Asimismo, subsisten fallas y quejas en la prestación de los servicios. Hay una tensión permanente entre pagadores y prestadores. Una mejor regulación y una supervisión más efectiva de los actores públicos y privados que participan en el sistema continúan siendo retos fundamentales. En abril de 2020, la cobertura de salud cubría al 95% de la población colombiana, con un 43% asociado al sistema contributivo, destinado a los trabajadores formales del sector y sus familias o poblaciones con capacidad de pago. Mientras tanto, el sistema de salud colombiano enfrenta una crisis de sostenibilidad financiera y, considerando la presión inherente a la innovación en el área de la salud, el gobierno colombiano desarrolla mecanismos regulatorios para controlar el costo de los medicamentos, enfocándose en la fijación de sus precios y, más recientemente, en negociaciones centralizadas. y compras.
The Impact of Music on Milk Production and Behaviour of Dairy Cattle
Authors: Shamshul Kamar Nurul Nabilah , Md Yusof Nur Nadiah
Published: March 2023

The influence of music on the milk performance of dairy cattle has been increasingly studied in recent years, although its efficacy is still being debated due to the inconsistent outcomes and a limited number of studies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of music on the milk production and behaviour of 24 lactating Jersey cattle, consisting of 10 primiparous and 14 multiparous cows. The experiment involved milk collection and behavioural observation before and after exposure to music at a dairy farm in Sitiawan, Perak. The results indicate that music and parity significantly affect the milk yield produced by a cow at p < 0.05. The cows produced significantly less milk after being exposed to music, while multiparous cows recorded significantly higher milk yields than primiparous cows. In terms of the observed behaviour, the cows displayed a significantly higher proportion of feeding and ruminating when no music was played. On the other hand, multiparous cows displayed a significantly lower proportion of feeding and ruminating, and a higher proportion of standing compared to primiparous cows. However, no significant effects of parity and music were observed in walking and lying behaviour. To conclude, music did not improve the milk yield of Jersey dairy cows in this study. Due to the inconsistencies in the outcomes of many studies related to the effect of music on milk yield, more long-term research should be conducted by considering factors that might influence milk yields, such as parity, breed, housing environment, and music selection.
Preliminary in silico Analysis of CHS1 Gene in Commelinids Clade: Family Zingiberaceae, Costaceae, and Poaceae
Authors: Akram Seemab , Zulkifly Shahrizim , Khamis Shamsul , Ab Ghani Nurul Izza
Published: March 2023

The chalcone synthase (CHS) gene families are known to be conserved in plants and have been well-studied in many plants, and they have an important role in the physiological and biological processes of plants. One of the studied CHS gene families is the CHS1 gene. CHS1 gene is known for its function in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. However, not many studies have been reported on the CHS1 gene in the Commelinids clade, especially the evolution of this gene within three families: Zingiberaceae, Costaceae, and Poaceae. Thus, this study aimed to perform a preliminary in silico comparative analysis of the CHS1 gene across these three families. Through this in silico comparative analysis, 20 partial sequences of the CHS1 gene, which are restricted to 565 bp regions, were analysed. The partial sequences were extracted from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database comprised of 16 Zingiberaceae species, three Costaceae species, and one Poaceae species. From the analysis, these targeted regions showed a low polymorphic site (18.23%) with 103 positions of single nucleotide polymorphisms and three mutations (substitution, insertion, and deletion). Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis showed no clear evolutionary pattern within the three studied families. In conclusion, the studied partial sequences of the CHS1 gene in Zingiberaceae, Costaceae, and Poaceae showed that the gene is conserved within the Commelinids clade. Further studies to understand the consequences of low polymorphism and mutations as well as adaptive evolution in the CHS1 gene, accompanied by biochemistry and gene expression studies, should be done in these 20 species of Zingiberaceae, Costaceae, and Poaceae.
A Review Paper on Computer Vision
Authors: Shreya M. Shelke  , Indrayani S. Pathak  , Aniket P. Sangai  , Dipali V. Lunge  , Kalyani A. Shahale  , Harsha R. Vyawahare
Published: March 2023

Computer vision has been studied from many angles. From raw data acquisition to approaches and concepts that combine digital image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning and artificial intelligence. Many scholars were drawn to its widespread use across a wide range of disciplines and domains. This document provides an overview of the latest technologies and explanations of theoretical concepts. A major focus of computer vision research has been on image recognition. Processed by multiple aspects of field applications, computer scientists can use vision to evaluate photos and videos to get the information they need. Understanding information, event or descriptive information, and patterns is beautiful. We took advantage of the multi-region application mechanism and data-rich areas to analyze. This document complements the growth of computer vision and image processing reviews and related research.
Financial Inclusion through SHGs: A Discriminant Analysis
Authors: Dr. Swapan Kumar Barman
Published: March 2023

Several research from around the world shows that well developed and inclusive financial systems are associated with faster growth and better income distribution. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) is one of the main players in the field of forming and functioning of SHGs through social mobilization. This paper attempts to review the impact assessment of SHGs based microfinance programme through a Discriminant analysis. In this study we try to examine whether there is an improvement of the economic condition of the household belonging to SHG members. In this respect we use discriminant analysis to measure the impact of SHG based microfinance on household income and expenditure. The study has been conducted with special reference to Purba Medinipur district of West Bengal, for intensive study 12 blocks of the district have been selected on the basis of random sampling. A total of 2076 SHG members spanning are 519 SHGs become the final sample frame in this study. A study period of five years from 2015-16 to 2019-20 have been selected for the study. Study based on primary data. Primary data have been collected from primary sources in different blocks of the district through personal contact and interview with the help of structured questionnaire. Model shows that calculated value of F statistic is greater than 4.61 which is the table value of F 2, 4149 at 1% level. This means that microfinance programme provides the opportunity to the rural households to improve their quality of life as measured by the increase in household income and expenditure.
The Implications of the National Education Policy, 2020, on Legal Education in India
Authors: Dr. Dharmendra Kumar Dubey  , Dr. Mritunjai Pandey  , Er. Yukti Varshney  , Er. Shreyas Pande
Published: March 2023

The National Education Policy, 2020, is a significant policy reform aimed at overhauling the education system in India. One of the key areas of focus of the policy is the reform of legal education in India. This paper seeks to analyze the implications of the National Education Policy, 2020, on legal education in India. The paper examines the various proposals put forth by the policy with respect to legal education, including the integration of legal education with other disciplines, the promotion of multidisciplinary approaches in legal education, and the emphasis on clinical legal education. The paper also evaluates the potential impact of these proposals on the quality of legal education in India and the employability of law graduates. The findings of this study suggest that the National Education Policy, 2020, has the potential to transform legal education in India and address some of the long-standing issues faced by law schools and law students in the country. However, the implementation of these proposals will require significant resources and the cooperation of all stakeholders in the legal education ecosystem.
ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER INJURY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY EVALUATING LIVER FUNCTION TESTS IN A SOUTH AFRICAN POPULATION.
Authors:   , Mkhize Nontokomalo , Thembane Nokukhanya
Published: March 2023

Background:  Alcohol consumption is a major public health issue that has been linked to liver injury, which can be detected by liver function tests. However, limited research has been conducted on the effects of alcohol on liver function tests in African populations. Objectives:  This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the effects of alcohol on liver function tests in a South African population. Materials and Methods:  A total of 150 patients who had undergone liver function tests between May 2021 and December 2021 at a tertiary hospital in South Africa were included in the study. The mean values, t-tests, and p-values of liver function tests (TP, TB, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and Albumin) of male and female patients were analyzed. The De Ritis ratio was also calculated to assess the degree of liver injury induced by alcohol. Results:  The results showed statistically significant differences in the mean values of the liver function tests between male and female patients. The De Ritis ratio was greater than 2 in 31% of the patients, indicating liver injury induced by alcohol consumption. Conclusions and Implications:  The findings highlight the importance of regular monitoring of liver function tests in individuals who consume alcohol, particularly in African populations where limited research has been conducted on this topic. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of alcohol on liver function tests and to develop effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of alcohol-induced liver disease in African populations. The study provides insight into the effects of alcohol on liver function tests in South Africa and underscores the need for ongoing monitoring and prevention efforts to reduce the burden of alcohol-induced liver disease.
Sixteen Corpses : The First Reburials in
the Escorial in 1586 and the Dynastic
Dynamics that Made Them Happen
Authors: Geevers Liesbeth
Published: March 2023

This chapter analyses the Spanish Habsburg crypt at the Escorial
and the dynamics that caused it to become increasingly inclusive. Two main
dynamics are identified: family heads exercising increased authority in
mandating burials in the Escorial, including for individuals who had indicated
other wishes, like siblings and adult children. And peripheral relatives who
previously would not have expected to be buried in the dynastic crypt
(cousins, widowed sisters, illegitimate children) actively pushing for burial
in the Escorial, by making testamentary stipulations handing control of their
place of burial to the family head. Together these ‘pull’ and ‘push’ dynamics
gave family heads much more authority in arranging for their relatives’
post-mortem destinies and shaping a Habsburg community of the dead.
Danish Dynastic Histories in
the Seventeenth and Eighteenth
Centuries : Claus Christoffersen
Lyschander, Vitus Bering, Ludvig
Holberg and Hans Peter Anchersen
Authors: Olden-Jørgensen Sebastian
Published: March 2023

The article examines how five Danish historians, two before and
three after the introduction of Absolutism in 1660, have dealt with dynasticism.
Contrary to what one would expect dynasticism played only a minor
role in national history writing (Arild Huitfeldt, Vitus Bering, Ludvig Holberg)
both before and during Absolutism. The reason seems to be the force of
tradition and the difficulties of constructing a readable narrative mirroring
the confusing world of dynastic connections. The two serious attempts at
dynastic history (Claus Christoffersen Lyschander and Hans Peter Anchersen)
had two traits in common: They were both private initiatives and they shared
the ambition to trace Danish history back to a distant and heroic past.
Um TOC de Expressão: Uma história de vivência com o TOC
Authors: Gallas Camilla
Published: March 2023

Este é um relato profundo sobre a minha vivência com o TOC em estado severo. A doença foi diagnosticada em 2015, aos meus 14 anos, e conto, em detalhes, as situações que já passei e passo, os meus pensamentos, como é a vida de alguém com um transtorno tão sério e que muitas vezes é banalizado, é abordado também o tratamento e as dúvidas mais comuns. Após esta leitura, você não terá a mesma visão que tinha sobre o transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo.
Synthesis of Ge/C composite as an anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Le Thi Thao  , Phan Thi Thuy  , Tran Thi Thu Phuong  , Nguyen Thi Lan  , Nguyen Van Thang  , Vo Vien
Published: March 2023

The Ge/C composite was prepared by hydrothermal method using Germani (Ge) and carbon (C) as precursors, in which C was prepared from waste banana peel as biomass source and Ge was obtained from reduction of GeO2 by Mg at 650 oC. The synthesized composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM); and used as lithium ion battery anode material. The results showed that the Ge/C anode exhibited a higher capacity and stablity than those of the pure Ge. This observation can indicate that the Ge/C composite may be a new class of promising negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries in the future.
Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/CdS materials under visible light
Authors: Nguyen Thi Viet Nga  , Tran Ngoc Thien Truong  , Nguyen Van Luong  , Hoang Nu Thuy Lien  , Nguyen Van Kim
Published: March 2023

The g-C3N4/CdS composite photocatalysts consisting of cadmium sulﬁde (CdS) and graphitic carbon nitride g-C3N4) with a diﬀerent mass ratio of CdS were successfully prepared and denoted as CNCS-1:1, CNCS-1:3, CNCS-1:5. The obtained materials were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectra (IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). The UV-vis DRS results showed that CNCS-1:1, CNCS-1:3 and CNCS-1:5 materials possess bandgap of around 2.31, 2.25 and 2.28 eV, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the materials was assessed by degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. Among the three materials, CNCS-1:3 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the CNCS-1:3 (or g-C3N4/CdS) composites compared to single components, g-C3N4 and CdS was observed, which can be attributed to the reduction of combination rate of photogenerated electron – hole pairs in the composites.
Um estudo quantitativo acerca dos perfis gerenciais predominantes entre os servidores do TRE-AC utilizando o modelo de QUINN
Authors: Rocha Myrella Karon Falk , Correa Nana Vanessa Oliveira , Oliveira Dion Alves de , Gonçalves Müller Padilha , Silva Milton Euclides da
Published: March 2023

Nesta pesquisa, faz-se a indagação sobre quais são os perfis gerenciais percebidos como necessários para a execução das funções do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Acre. Objetiva-se compreender os perfis gerenciais predominantes nos colaboradores da instituição. Tendo isso, com o pouco conhecimento por parte das organizações públicas sobre as competências gerenciais necessárias para o desenvolvimento das atividades no TRE-AC, deu-se o problema da pesquisa onde se buscou saber os perfis gerenciais predominantes dos servidores do TRE-AC. A abordagem é quantitativa e um estudo quantitativo com análise estatística. O resultado alcançado demonstrou a predominância dos papéis dos colaboradores como Inovador e Negociador. Sendo assim, a organização pública deve utilizar o mapeamento das competências gerenciais dos colaboradores para o desenvolvimento do treinamento na função.
USO DE EXACAFTOR/ TEZACAFTOR /IVACAFTOR EN PACIENTES CON FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA POST-TRASPLANTE PULMONAR
Authors: Jorquera Pinto Pablo
Published: March 2023

El uso de moduladores de CFTR en pacientes con fibrosis quística post trasplante pulmonar es un tema todavía controversial. Varias publicaciones reportan los beneficios del modulador elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor en los síntomas extrapulmonares de la fibrosis quística, especialmente enfermedad sinusal, síntomas gastrointestinales y diabetes. Un número alto de pacientes debe discontinuar el tratamiento por mala tolerancia, sin embargo, no se describen interacciones de importancia con el tratamiento inmunosupresor. Se debe considerar para su uso los riesgos versus beneficios en forma individual en cada paciente.
ACTUALIZACIÓN DEL MANEJO DE MICOBACTERIAS NO TUBERCULOSAS
Authors: Jorquera Pinto Pablo , Madrid Henao Ricardo
Published: March 2023

Desde el año 2007 se han generado guías de diagnóstico y tratamiento de micobacterias no tuberculosas (MNTB), la última de las cuales fue desarrollada en el año 2020 por ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA, en ella se actualizan los criterios diagnósticos, los criterios para determinar el inicio de tratamiento y recomendaciones de esquema de antibióticos para las especies más frecuentes. En paralelo se han ido desarrollando terapias alternativas como la fagoterapia. El objetivo de la presente revisión es dar a conocer los cambios que traen estas últimas guías y actualizar algunas de las últimas novedades con respecto al manejo de las micobacterias no tuberculosas.
Implementation of the elements of practice-oriented training in technical disciplines in a distance format
Authors: Карабанов Ростислав Михайлович
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматривается комплекс вопросов, связанных с особенностями практической подготовки обучающихся юридического профиля, осваивающих технические учебные дисциплины в дистанционном формате. Предметом статьи выступили организационные и технические аспекты применения дистанционных образовательных технологий для формирования у выпускников вузов профессионально важных компетенций. Цель исследования - определить условия организации и проведения практико-ориентированного образовательного процесса, особенности его реализации в дистанционном формате, технологии обучения техническим дисциплинам при отсутствии непосредственного контакта между обучающимися, преподавателем, техническими средствами. Методологическую основу исследования составили анализ, индукция, системно-структурный метод. На основе обобщенных характеристик практико-ориентированного обучения и вариантов информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий дистанционного обучения рассмотрены примеры возможного использования виртуальных лабораторий исследовательского и вычислительного характера в качестве современных прогрессивных форм организации учебного процесса. Высказанные автором предложения будут способствовать повышению эффективности подготовки специалистов для уголовно-исполнительной системы.

The article deals with a set of issues related to the peculiarities of the practical training of students of a legal profile who master technical academic disciplines in an e-learning format. The subject of the article is the organizational and technical aspects of the use of e-learning technologies for the formation of professionally important competencies among university graduates. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditions for organizing and conducting a practice-oriented educational process, the features of its implementation in a remote format, the technology of teaching technical disciplines in the absence of direct contact between students, a teacher, and technical means. Analysis, induction, and system-structural method made the methodological basis of the study. Based on the generalized characteristics of practice-oriented learning and variants of information and telecommunication technologies for distance learning, examples of the possible use of virtual laboratories of a research and computational nature as modern progressive forms of organizing the educational process are considered. The proposals given by the author will contribute to increasing the efficiency of training specialists for the penitentiary system.
Efficacy of Olea europaea leaves and propolis extracts in the control of experimentally induced infectious bronchitis in broiler chickens
Authors: Elbasuni Sawsan, S. , Bahgat Hatem , Nada Mai O. , Abugomaa Amira , Hamam Haitham , Elbadawy Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a viral disease that causes serious economic losses in the
broiler industry. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Olea europaea leaves and propolis extracts (OLP) mixture at a rate of 400 μg and 100 mg/mL, respectively, in
curing IB in broiler chickens. One-day-old Ross broiler chicks were randomized into four
groups (G) of twenty-one chicks; G1 (control negative; no infection and treatment); G2
(no infection, treatment only), G3 (control positive; infection only and no treatment)
and G4 (infection and treatment) that infected with IBv (106 EID50/ml) at 21 days old.
The OLP treatment was applied for birds in G2 and G4 at a dose of 0.5 mL/liter drinking water for three successive days. The growth performance, clinical and pathological
examinations and viral shedding were evaluated. The use of the OLP resulted in protection from IB infection through the significant improvement of performance parameters such as weight gain and feed conversion ratio, decrease in mortality rate, lowering disease severity, and rapid recovery from the observed clinical signs (mainly respiratory signs), gross and microscopic lesions in the trachea, lung, and kidneys as compared to those in the positive control (G3). Moreover, the viral shedding in the OLP-treated chicks (G4) was significantly decreased in tracheal and cloacal swabs to a rate less than 3×103 IBv genome copy number and became not detectable at 14-days post-infection (dpi) in their cloacal swabs. In conclusion, OLP can potentially display an antiviral effect against IB in broiler chickens. Therefore, adding OLP to the chicken drinking water is recommended to prevent and control IB.
Physical activity as a form of leisure of young people in Warsaw in the context of human capital
Authors: Kowalewski Marcin
Published: March 2023

Human capital is an important factor in the economic growth of the country, therefore it should be developed and supported. One of the components of human capital is health, which can improve through physical activity. This is especially important for young people who are just shaping their habits.The aim of the article was to examine the preferences of young people in Warsaw in terms of physical activity as a form of leisure activity. It is encouraging that among the respondents there was neither the one person who did not practice any sport. Nearly 37 % of the respondents declared that they take physical activity 1–2 times a week, and 29 % even 3–4 times a week, which should be assessed very positively. The main motive of physical activity among people surveyed were health reasons. Young people of Warsaw are aware of good consequences and willing to take physical activity. Especially popular among them is running and dancing, which certainly is associated with the current fashion.
Entrepreneurship in organic production – an incentive for sustainable rural development
Authors: Terziev Venelin
Published: March 2023

The implementation of the strategic goals of economic, social and ecological development should start by entrepreneurship encouragement in rural areas for development of agrarian and related activities. The significance of protection of environmental components (soil, water, air, biodiversity, landscape) in global aspect directs the development towards sustainable agriculture, and organic production in particular, and its integration to other activities as tourism development. Current paper discusses entrepreneurship in organic production and trade as one of the main drivers of economic growth, productiveness and innovations in rural regions. Organic production is economically effective, ecologically compatible and socially responsible and it occurs to be an effective entrepreneurial strategy for rural development starting from urban areas demand and embracing not only food or other products but also places for rest, tourism, landscape preservation, protection of nature, culture, infrastructure development, etc., aiming at increase in competitiveness by applying an ecological technology using a new approach – planning, management and control over the production process.
Забезпечення конкурентоспроможності підприємств через стратегічне управління людськими ресурсами
Authors: Burkovska Anna , Romanchyk Mariia
Published: March 2023

У статті розглянуто особливості стратегічного управління людськими ресурсами як основи стратегічного потенціалу, що впливає на конкурентоспроможність підприємства, визначає напрями його розвитку. Проведено кореляційно-регресійний аналіз залежності продуктивності праці від розміру середньомісячної заробітної плати працівників сільського господарства.
Innovations as a source of competitive advantages formation for retailers
Authors: Volosov Anatoly
Published: March 2023

Competitive edges of an enterprise depend on its ability to inculcate innovations. The types of innovations are determined according to the belonging of the enterprise to a specific industry. They reflect the features of the industry. In the article peculiar properties of trade and their progress trends which determine specific features of innovations are selected. The existent classifications of innovations are studied and expedience of their use the trade enterprises. The systematized classification is complemented the author signs: trade form, degree of market saturation, functional strategy, orientation, character of origin and introduction, subject of the initiative, type of services. The results of researches allow to co-ordinate innovative and other functional strategies, to manage of innovative activity of trade enterprises more effectively.
Формування економічного механізму забезпечення ефективності сільськогосподарських підприємств
Authors: Humeniuk Mariana
Published: March 2023

У статті визначено сутність поняття “економічний механізм забезпечення ефективності сільськогосподарських підприємств”. Охарактеризовано організаційні та економічні складові частини цього механізму. Узагальнено теоретичні засади забезпечення ефективного господарювання в сільськогосподарських підприємствах за умов ринкових трансформацій.
Finerenone (Kerendia)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2023

CADTH recommends that Kerendia be reimbursed by public drug plans as an adjunct to standard-of-care therapy in adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) to reduce the risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and a sustained decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and hospitalization for heart failure, if certain conditions are met.

Kerendia should only be covered to treat patients with CKD and T2D, with eGFR levels of at least 25 mL/min/1.73 m2, and have too much albumin in their urine. Kerendia should not be covered for patients with chronic heart failure or who are being treated with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (e.g., spironolactone).

Kerendia should only be reimbursed if prescribed in consultation with a nephrologist with experience in diagnosing and managing patients with CKD and T2D and if the cost of Kerendia is reduced.
IMPACTOS DOS DETERGENTES NO MEIO AMBIENTE: EVIDÊNCIAS DE UM ESTUDO ECOTOXICOLÓGICO
Authors: Silva Leonardo Mendes da
Published: March 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade aguda de um detergente comercial utilizando o organismo modelo Eisenia fetida, bem como seus efeitos sobre a germinação e desenvolvimento de plântulas de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e milho (Zea mays L.). Foram avaliadas quatro concentrações do detergente (1, 2, 4, 8 g/L-1) seguindo os protocolos da OECD 207, OECD 208 e ISO 18763:2016. Os resultados mostraram que o detergente apresenta toxicidade aguda para Eisenia fetida, com mortalidade significativa em concentrações de 4 e 8 g/L-1. Também foram observados outros efeitos como clitelo inflamado e expulsão de fluido celômico e sanguinolento. Na avaliação do efeito do detergente sobre a germinação de sementes de Lactuca sativa e Zea mays, foi notada uma redução significativa na porcentagem de germinação e no índice de velocidade de germinação em concentrações de 1 a 8 g/L-1, sendo que a concentração mais alta resultou em uma drástica redução na germinação do modelo vegetal Zea mays. Em ambos os casos, observou-se uma relação dose-dependente, ou seja, quanto maior a concentração do detergente, maior o efeito tóxico sobre os organismos avaliados. Com relação ao desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas de Lactuca sativa, observou-se uma redução significativa no comprimento das raízes e da parte aérea em todas as concentrações avaliadas. Já para o modelo vegetal Zea mays, a redução desses parâmetros foi constatada a partir da concentração de 2 g/L-1. Esses achados destacam a importância da avaliação cuidadosa dos impactos ambientais de produtos químicos, incluindo detergentes comerciais, para minimizar os riscos potenciais para a saúde humana e a biodiversidade.
A combined gas- and particle-phase analysis of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from α-pinene ozonolysis
Authors: Zhao Jian , Häkkinen Ella , Graeffe Frans , Krechmer Jordan E. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Kangasluoma Juha , Ehn Mikael
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) are important for the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which poses serious health risks and exerts great influence on Earth's climate. However, the speciation of particle-phase HOMs and its relationship with gas-phase HOM formation has been limited by the lack of suitable analytical techniques. Here, combining a novel particle evaporation inlet, the VIA (Vaporization Inlet for Aerosols), with a nitrate chemical ionization mass spectrometer (NO3-CIMS), gas- and particle-phase HOM products of α-pinene ozonolysis were studied under different conditions. Within the 50 min residence time of our Teflon chamber, we observed enhancement of C16–C19 HOM dimers in particles compared to the HOMs that were condensing. In particular, gas-phase dimer formation was considerably suppressed in experiments with the addition of CO or NO, but dimers still made up a considerable fraction of the observed SOA. In addition to the generally shorter carbon skeletons of the particle-phase dimers (i.e., C16–C19) compared to the gas phase (C19–C20), average O/C ratios of the HOMs (especially in the dimer range) also decreased slightly in the particle phase. C17H26Oz compounds, which have often been reported by previous offline measurements, dominate the particle-phase HOM mass spectra in α-pinene ozonolysis experiments. Our results indicate that these C17 compounds might be related to
particle-phase processes within 1 h after HOM condensation. However,
the new VIA–NO3-CIMS system used in this work will require more
detailed characterization to better understand how the thermal desorption
and wall effects may modify the measured particle-phase HOM distributions.
Nevertheless, organic nitrate, for example, measured by this novel
VIA–NO3-CIMS system was consistent with the measurements of an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), showing the capability of this system as a promising technique for particle-phase HOM measurements. Taken together, we believe that this system is a promising technique for combined online gas- and particle-phase HOM measurements.
Arthropod Assemblages from La Chimba National Reserve (Antofagasta Region, Chile): Biodiversity, Threats and Conservation
Authors: PIZARRO-ARAYA Jaime , ALFARO Fermín M. , OJANGUREN-AFFILASTRO Andrés A. , MORA-CARREÑO Mauricio
Published: March 2023

We provide the first inventory of terrestrial arthropods from La Chimba National Reserve (Antofagasta Region, Chile), a protected area whose purpose is to preserve the biota of the Coastal desert of Tocopilla embedded in the larger transitional coastal desert. The study was conducted during spring of 2019. A total of 2,852 specimens were recorded, distributed across 188 species. Among the collected specimens, 5 new species were identified: two species of scorpions, Brachistosternus chimba Ojanguren-Affilastro, Alfaro & Pizarro-Araya, 2021 and Rumikiru sp. nov. (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae); a solpugid (Solifugae: Ammotrechidae); a spider (Araneae: Filistatidae), and a centipede (Scutigeromorpha: Scutigeridae). The richness estimations showed large values for most arthropod groups, which is evidence of an incomplete inventory of species richness. The article also discusses the current threats faced by these communities of endemic arthropods and suggests immediate actions to preserve these groups in extremely fragile semiarid ecosystems.
A Further Contribution to the Aphid (Hemiptera:Aphidoidea) Fauna of Turkey Including a Description of a New Host Plant Associations and Colony Appearances
Authors: GÖRÜR Gazi , ŞENOL Özhan , AKYILDIRIM BEĞEN Hayal , BAŞER Gizem , AKÇAY Bengisu Venhar
Published: March 2023

Aphids fascinated scientists due to their unique life cycles, being a one of the important agricultural pest worldwide, overcoming various applied control strategies and also relatively benefited from global climate change. The importance of aphid studies in developing countries like a Turkey requires additional attention because the effects of aphids on agricultural production. In this aspect, 3 genera, Anthemidaphis Tashev, 1967, Olegia Shaposhnikov, 1979; Pentalonia Coquerel, 1859 and 15 aphid species added to Turkey aphid fauna which are; Anthemidaphis oligommata Tashev 1967, Aphis (Aphis) coreopsidis (Thomas, 1878), Aphis (Aphis) narzikulovi Szelegiewicz, 1963, Aphis (Aphis) pseudeuphorbiae Hille Ris Lambers, 1948, Aphis (Aphis) picridis (Börner, 1950), Chaitophorus clarus Tseng & Tao 1936, Chaitophorus parvus Hille Ris Lambers, 1935, Dysaphis (Pomaphis) gallica (Hille Ris Lambers, 1955), Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904, Metopolophium (Metopolophium) festucae Theobald, 1917, Olegia ulmifoliae (Aoki, 1973), Schizaphis (Schizaphis) nigerrima (Hille Ris Lambers, 1931), Semiaphis heraclei (Takahashi, 1921), Semiaphis pastinacae Börner, 1950, Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, 1859. Recorded species were evaluated for host plant relations, colony appearances, also ant attendance and new interactions observed. Number of the listed aphid species for Turkey aphid fauna increased to 631 with these new records.
Contributions to the Dolichopodidae (Insecta: Diptera) Fauna of Muğla Provinces with the Six New Records for Turkey
Authors: TONGUÇ Alper , YÜZER Ömer
Published: March 2023

In this study, we report the Turkey fauna of long-legged flies and new records of six species (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) collected from Muğla province during the 2018-2019 field trips. These newly recorded species are Acropsilus niger (Loew, 1869), Hercostomus kravchenkoi (Grichanov and Freidberg, 2018), Sybistroma leptocerca (Stackelberg, 1949), Oncopygius magnificus (Loew, 1873), Medetera glaucella (Kowarz, 1877), and Syntormon submonilis (Negrobov, 1975). In total, 107 species from 10 subfamilies and 35 genera of Dolichopodidae are known from Muğla. With these records, the number of the Turkey Dolichopodidae species has reached 224.