bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring (dis)abled children's embodied experiences in primary school space
Authors:   , Terrell Katharine Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

This thesis explores how (dis)abled children in one inner-city English primary school experience classroom space in an embodied way. It takes Disabled Children’s Childhood Students (DCCS) as a starting point and applies Deleuzoguattarian ideas such as the assemblage and becoming, to contribute new knowledge to how classroom space disables and enables. The study took place over a seven-month period and involved 47 children who, in a novel approach, took part regardless of a label of special educational needs (SEN), disability or impairment. The children shared their experiences through various creative and visual qualitative methods, including photography, drawings and model rooms. These, combined with observations of the whole classroom space, were analysed thematically, paying attention to lines of flight, leading to various significant findings. Firstly, I found that the classroom space was saturated by the idea of vertical development: a normative expectation that children grow physically and metaphorically upwards towards adulthood. However, I also observed resistance from children to this idea. One original contribution to knowledge that this study makes is seeing photography as both a creative method and a form of resistance, as children who took part could turn the lens back on adults. Further insights included how certain forms of embodiment in the classroom are encouraged while others are discouraged. These are linked to ideas of crip epistemic insight: a perspective that privileges the experiences of disabled people’s embodied experiences of the world. Finally, I discuss the resistance and joyful potential in “leaks” which challenge the boundaries imposed on children’s bodies. Specifically, I contribute to the small but growing field of toilet studies in discussing expected behaviour in and around toilets. The thesis takes ideas from DCCS and assemblage theory and applies them in new ways to (dis)abled children’s embodied experiences, making valuable methodological and theoretical contributions.
Approach to musical rhythm in Primary Education. Perceptions of Chilean specialist teachers
Authors: Álamos Gómez José
Published: June 2023

El aspecto rítmico es fundamental dentro de la clase de Educación Musical en la escuela. El objetivo de este artículo ha sido recoger las opiniones del profesorado de música chileno, en relación con el abordaje de elementos rítmicos -pulso isócrono, tempo, metro (acento métrico) y frases o patrones rítmicos- en tercer y cuarto año de Educación Primaria. Para este propósito, se realizaron dos grupos focales. Uno de los grupos estuvo constituido por 6 docentes iniciales (3-4 años de servicio) y el otro, fue conformado por 5 docentes avanzados o expertos (más de 12 años de servicio). Los resultados muestran que los medios utilizados con mayor frecuencia son el movimiento corporal y el lenguaje verbal, los cuales se trabajan considerando principalmente audiciones relacionadas con las preferencias musicales y experiencias previas del alumnado. Hacia el futuro, resulta importante potenciar los elementos señalados para la enseñanza musical y continuar analizando la praxis del profesorado de música en relación con la enseñanza del ritmo en el aula.
NÚM. 51 (2023): REVISTA ELECTRÓNICA DE LEEME
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: June 2023

Número completo
Hydrodynamic Performance and Acoustic Response of Ship Propeller
Authors: Sanaka Srinivas Prasad , N Pardhasaradhi , K Durga Rao
Published: June 2023

The aim of the paper is to predict the hydrodynamic performance and noise generated by the propeller at different advance ratio and the speed of the propeller. Three bladed, DTMB 4119 propeller model was created using the NACA66 modified line, a = 0.8 hydrofoil profile. ANSYS Workbench software is used for mesh generation and computational analysis. A large-eddy simulation turbulence model and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FWH) acoustic model is used for all simulations. A moving reference frame is used to simulate the rotational effects of the propeller. The speed of the propeller is 792 rpm, the propeller being 0.2 m, and inlet velocity is varied to study the effect of the advance ratio. A transient analysis is carried out using a time step value of 0.0005 seconds and the total simulation time is 0.6 seconds. The hydrodynamic performance parameters are validated by comparing with the experimental data available in the literature. The sound pressure level (SPL) is plotted over the frequency range of 0 to 1000 Hz at different locations, speed, and an advance ratio of 0.5, 0.7, 0.833, and 0.9,1. The structural, acoustic and hydrodynamic behaviour of the propeller was predicted using a two-way fluid structure interaction at an advance ratio of 0.833. The major conclusions drawn from the analysis are that the sound pressure level values are increased at the propeller off-design conditions and varying with the receiver locations. The data generated from this study is useful for the designers to carry out further research in order to reduce the noise generated from the propeller.
Role of Management, Supervisory Board and General Assembly of Credit Institution in Corporate Governance
Authors: Filipović Mario , Jurčević Rebeka , Karin Ivan
Published: June 2023

Managing a company that acts as a member of the management board and supervisory board is an extremely demanding and responsible task. Precisely for this reason, the legislation of each country has prescribed the conditions that must be met by persons who aspire to these tasks. The most important legal framework in the Republic of Croatia is the provisions of the Companies Act. The conditions that must be fulfilled by the members of the management, supervisory board, and board of directors of credit institutions are more demanding than the conditions prescribed for the members of the management structures of non-financial companies. These conditions are specified in the Credit Institutions Act. The aim of the paper is to analyse the management, supervisory board and general assembly of credit institutions in accordance with the Croatian legislation. The research was conducted on the basis of available scientific and other relevant literature.
Effect of Logistics Performance Index on Human Development Index: An Application to Logistics Sector
Authors: Kılıç Alper , Akdamar Emrah , Göğebakan Maruf , Bastug Sedat
Published: June 2023

Human Development Index (HDI) has been subject to a lot of criticism over time, with the idea that it does not fully reflect human development, and has been complemented with different indicators in various studies. Despite its importance, especially considering the requirements of the era, logistics has not been considered with HDI and, although there are many synthetic indices that combine different methods (i.e. DEA, MCDM etc.) with HDI, these indices are far from reaching logical results. Logistics is a fundamental activity in meeting all human needs, and therefore should be considered as a measure of countries' human development. Therefore, this study offers a revision of the HDI with special consideration to the logistics performances of countries. It is observed that infrastructure and timeliness indicators from these sub-indicators of Logistics Performance Index (LPI) have a significant effect on the HDI. Using the United Nations' HDI calculation method with the statistically significant indicators, Logistics-HDI (L-HDI) is developed and proposed as a new index. This study argues that L-HDI reflects the human development of countries more appropriately. The L-HDI will also offer better benchmarking than other synthetic indices in its scientifical field.
REMITTANCE INFLOWS, POVERTY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TANZANIA: A MULTIVARIATE CAUSALITY MODEL
Authors: Musakwa Mercy. T , Odhiambo Nicholas. M
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study examined the causal flow between economic growth, poverty, and remittances for Tanzania, using annual data from 1990 to 2020. Tanzania is working to achieve the policy targets set in its Vision 2025, and the findings of this study will add value to policy effectiveness and timing. The study uses household consumption expenditure per capita (HCE) as a measure of poverty, the rate of change in GDP as a measure of economic growth, and remittance inflows as a percentage of GDP as a measure of remittances.
Methodology: The study used autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration and ECM-based Granger causality.
Results: The study found a bidirectional causality between remittances and poverty in the short run and a unidirectional causal flow from remittances to poverty in the long run. No causality was found between remittances and economic growth, and between economic growth and household consumption expenditure per capita.
Conclusions: The findings of this study point to the importance of remittances in poverty reduction and sustainable development in Tanzania. Recommendations: Tanzania is encouraged to continue implementing policies that support remittance inflows to positively influence poverty reduction.
DJELIMIČNA NEVAŽNOST PRAVNOG POSLA – ZNAČAJ PRINCIPA “UTILE PER INUTILE NON VITIATUR”
Authors: Mojović Nikola
Published: June 2023

Istorija pitanja djelimične nevažnosti pravnih poslova podig- nuta na nivo opšteg pitanja počinje tek u postklasičnom rimskom pravu. Do tada nalazimo određen broj tekstova klasičnih rimskih pravnika koji obrađuju samo pojedinačne slučajeve u kojima se postavljalo pitanje kakvo dejstvo ima pravni posao kada mu je jedan dio nevaljan. U radu autor nastoji da pokaže da li su rimski klasični pravnici došli do opšteg pravila po kome se rješava da li djelimično nevaljan pravni posao može da opstane ili da se proglasi u cjelini nevaljan, odnosno ništavi. Autor istražuje kako je poznati opšti princip „utile per inutile non vitiatur” - „korisno se štetnim ne kvari“ iz doba recepcije rim- skog prava imalo svoje korijene u pojedinim izvorima rimskog klasičnog prava.
ОСВРТ НА ПРИМЈЕНУ ПОЈЕДИНИХ ОДРЕДАБА ЗАКОНА О ИЗВРШНОМ ПОСТУПКУ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ – НЕКА СПОРНА ПИТАЊА У СУДСКОЈ ПРАКСИ
Authors: Мајкић Mарко
Published: June 2023

Извршни поступак као поступак принудног остваривања потраживања треба бити нормативно, односно законски конципиран тако да на најефикаснији начин обезбиједи принудно остваривање потраживања. Овај поступак треба да омогући субјектима права као повјериоцима правну заштиту која у извршном поступку добија своју пуну и коначну материјализацију. У наведеном циљу законодавац мора водити рачуна о томе да се Закон о извршном поступку не смије посматрати ван контекста правног система као цјелине, што подразумијева да се наведени закон не може доносити а ни тумачити и примјењивати изоловано у односу на друге норме у оквиру правног система државе. Другим ријечима, тек суштинским јединством норми извршног процесног права са нормама Закона о парничном поступку које се на одговарајући начин примјењују у извршном поступку, те нормама материјалних прописа на чију примјену упућује Закон о извршном поступку у погледу материјалноправних претпоставки и посљедица провођења извршења, може се говорити о једном систему који омогућује ефикасну и потпуну правну заштиту. С тим у вези, у овом раду критички ћемо се осврнути на поједине одредбе Закона о извршном поступку Републике Српске, те одредбе других, за извршни поступак релевантних прописа, указујући на недоумице са којма се извршни судови суочавају приликом тумачења и примјене истих, а све у циљу њиховог преиспитивања и давања de lege ferenda приједлога.
МИЛИЦА КОЛАКОВИЋ - БОЈОВИЋ И БОЈАН. М. ПЕТКОВИЋ: ПОЛОЖАЈ ПРАВОСУЂА У СРБИЈИ ИЗМЕЂУ ВЛАДАВИНЕ ПРАВА И САМОВЛАШЋА
Authors: Симовић Владимир М.
Published: June 2023

Мало је збивања у сувременим унутрашњим односима у Републици Србији који су карактеризирани толиком комплексношћу и слојевитошћу као што је владавина права, а посебно положај правосуђа. При томе, независност правосуђа је предуслов за владавину права и основна гаранција праведног суђења. Судијама су „повјерене најважније одлуке о животу, слободи, правима, дужностима и имовини грађана“ (наводи из основних принципа Уједињених нација поновљени у Пекиншкој декларацији и чл. 5. и 6. Европске конвенције за заштиту људских права и основних слобода). Њихова независност није прерогатив или привилегија која је у њиховом личном интересу, већ у интересу владавине права и оних који траже или очекују правду. То има дубоке историјске, идеолошке и правне коријене и одреднице. У многобројним текстовима, написима и анализама чест је проблем што се наведеним питањима баве најразличитији аутори, који нису стручњаци за неки од наведених сегмената приступа, те не разумију бит збивања и проблема. Ризик је и већи, јер није тешко пасти под утицај неке од интересних група, актера и идеолошких императива. Стога је најновији подухват др Милице Колаковић - Бојовић1 и Бојана М. Петковића2 да се баве положајем правосуђа у Србији - врло храбар корак, који ће засигурно имати одјека у ширим круговима.
AMHconverter: an online tool for converting results between the different anti-Müllerian hormone assays of Roche Elecsys®, Beckman Access, and Kangrun
Authors: Xu Huiyu , Feng Guoshuang , Ma Congcong , Han Yong , Zhou Jiansuo , Song Jiatian , Su Yuan , Zhong Qun , Chen Fenghua , Cui Liyan , Li Rong
Published: June 2023

Background

The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is gaining attention as a key factor in determining ovarian reserve and polycystic ovarian syndrome, and its clinical applications are becoming more widespread worldwide.

Objective

To identify the most accurate formula for converting AMH assay results between different platforms, so that the developed AMH converter can be used to reduce the need for multiple AMH tests at different hospitals.

Methods

Assuming that the Beckman Access, Kangrun, and Roche Elecsys® AMH assays fit a linear relationship from the lowest to the highest concentration (a global relationship), we used Passing–Bablok regression to determine the conversion equation between each two assays. When the relationship between two AMH assays was a local one, spline regression was used. Bland–Altman plots were drawn to check systemic bias and heterogeneity of variance across different ranges of values. The fitting effects of the models were evaluated using the squared coefficient of determination (r2), adjusted r2, root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and corrected AIC.

Results

The coefficient of variance for multiple controls in the Kangrun, Roche, and Beckman assays was lower than 5%, and the bias of multiple controls was lower than 7%. A global linear relationship was observed between the Kangrun and Roche assays, with the intercept being zero, for which Passing-Bablok regression was employed for data conversion between the two platforms. For the other two pairs of platforms, i.e., Roche and Kangrun or Beckman and Kangrun, spline regression was applied, with the intercepts not including zero. The six corresponding formulas were developed into an online AMH converter (http://121.43.113.123:8006/).

Conclusion

This is the first time Passing–Bablok plus spline regression has been used to convert AMH concentrations from one assay to another. The formulas have been developed into an online tool, which makes them convenient to use in practical applications.
Quality and Safety Concerns of Farmed Tilapia Fish during Freezing and Frozen Storage: Review
Authors: Syanya Fredrick Juma , Mathia Wilson Munala , Harikrishnan M.
Published: June 2023

This study addresses the growing concern over the quality and shelf life of farmed fish products in the market due to the increasing demand in the international market. Various preservation methods are necessary to ensure food safety and extend the shelf life of fish products. Freezing and chilling are still considered the most reliable methods for preserving farmed fish. The study reviews techniques for extending the shelf life of frozen farmed fish, with a focus on the most common species in the international market. Results suggest that good frozen storage conditions and the method of preservation are critical factors in reducing post-harvest losses and extending the shelf-life of farmed fish in the market. The study recommends adopting freezing and frozen storage principles for farmed fish species, prioritizing quality concerns post-harvest, and paying close attention to optimal frozen storage conditions. The study also recommends adopting freezing and frozen storage principles to preserve and maintain the quality of farmed fish species, such as Nile Tilapia, carp, trout, and catfish. Fish farmers should prioritize quality concerns post-harvest to ensure safety and conforming products, reduce losses and extend shelf-life. Optimal frozen storage conditions must be maintained for high-quality and safe products. Further research is required to compare the effect of prolonged freezing and frozen storage on farmed and captured fishes and factors related to fish species, habitat, and food should be considered when optimizing storage conditions.
Response of Different Levels of NPK and Zinc on Soil Health in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Choudhary Anju , Swaroop Narendra , Thomas Tarence , Mistri Taniya
Published: June 2023

An experiment was conducted during in Zaid season (March 2022-June 2022) to study the “effect of different levels of NPK and Zinc on soil health in black gram (Vigna mungo L.)” on central research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. A randomized block design was used to set up the experiment, with three levels of NPK (0%, 50%, and 100% NPK) and three levels of zinc (0%, 50%, and 100% zinc). The outcome demonstrates that inorganic fertilizer application had a non-significant effect on soil physical-chemical parameters (BD, PD, pH, EC and OC)  and significant increase in pore space, water holding capacity, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc in treatment T9 [NPK at 100% + zinc at 100%]  than other treatments.
Influence of Nano Potassium and Nano Zinc on Yield and Economic Enhancement on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Ratnam Kobagapu Mani , Singh Rajesh , Grace Palli Susan , Venkatesh Chapidi , Sahithi Narisetty , Indu Thakur
Published: June 2023

The present field experiment was conducted during Rabi season 2022 at experimental field of Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. In experimental plot, soil was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.3), low in organic carbon (0.48%), available nitrogen (230 kg/ha), available phosphorus (13.60 kg/ha) and available potassium (215.4 kg/ha). The treatment consists of 3 levels of Nano-potassium 25, 40, 55 ppm and Nano-zinc 60, 80, 120 ppm along with control. The experiment was designed using Randomized Block Design, with ten treatments reproduced three times. Yield attributes namely spike length (11.93 cm), grains/spike (51.67), spikes/running row meter (62.90), effective tillers/running row meter (60.10), grain yield (6.61 t/ha), straw yield (8.90 t/ha), maximum gross return (140462.50 INR/ha), net return (99555.93 INR/ha) and B C ratio (2.43) were obtained highest in the treatment 9 [Nano-potassium 55ppm + Nano-zinc 120ppm].
Knowledge and Perceived Susceptibility to Chronic Kidney Disease among Auto-Mechanics and Allied Professionals in Bodija Community of Ibadan North Local Government Area, Nigeria
Authors: Ige Opeyemi Agnes
Published: June 2023

In Nigeria, the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is not known, but several studies, mostly hospital-based, suggest a range of 1.6 to 12.4%. Automobile materials, which contain heavy metals are being utilized by mechanics and people in allied professions daily without awareness of the health implications of the exposure. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the knowledge and perceived susceptibility to chronic kidney disease among auto-mechanics and allied professionals in the Bodija Community of Ibadan North Local Government Area, Nigeria.

This study was a descriptive cross-sectional. Pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to 209 respondents. Knowledge of chronic kidney diseases, perceived susceptibility towards chronic kidney diseases, and preventive practices were measured on 32-, 14-, and 24-point scales respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact test at a 5% level of significance.

Few (32.1%) respondents age ranged from 40 to 49 years old with a mean age of 38±9.5 years, 50.7% were Christians and 96.7% were Yoruba. Knowledge score was 12.9±6.4, and 71.3% had a poor knowledge. Most (82.3%) of the respondents stated that herbal supplements could be effective in treating CKD, and 34.4% mentioned high blood pressure as a cause of CKD. The perceived susceptibility score was 5.2±3.1 and 73.2% had negative perceived susceptibility to CKD. Most (89.0%) agreed that consumption of local herbs cannot predispose them to CKD. Practice score was 6.8±2.6 and 98.1% had a poor practice.

Most of the respondents had poor knowledge of chronic kidney disease, negative perceived susceptibility, and poor preventive practices toward chronic kidney disease. A concerted effort should be made to improve the knowledge of chronic kidney disease and its preventive practices. This could lead to a change in attitude and behavior, thereby reducing the risk factors of chronic kidney disease.
On‐treatment dynamics of circulating extracellular vesicles in the first‐line setting of patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: the LEXOVE prospective study
Authors: Gristina Valerio , Bazan Viviana , Barraco Nadia , Taverna Simona , Manno Mauro , Raccosta Samuele , Carreca Anna Paola , Bono Marco , Bazan Russo Tancredi Didier , Pepe Francesco , Pisapia Pasquale , Incorvaia Lorena , Badalamenti Giuseppe , Troncone Giancarlo , Malapelle Umberto , Santini Daniele , Russo Antonio , Galvano Antonio
Published: January 2025

Extracellular vesicle (EV) monitoring can complement clinical assessment of cancer response. In this study, patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing osimertinib, alectinib, pembrolizumab or platinum‐based chemotherapy ± pembrolizumab were enrolled. EVs were characterized using Bradford assay to quantify the circulating cell‐free EV protein content (cfEV), and dynamic light scattering to assess Rayleigh ratio excess at 90°, z‐averaged hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index. A total of 135 plasma samples from 27 patients were collected at baseline (T0) and at the first radiological restaging (T1). A ∆cfEV < 20% was associated with improved median progression‐free survival (mPFS) in responders versus non‐responders. Specifically, cfEV responders on pembrolizumab had a significantly better mPFS (25.2 months) compared to those on chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab (6.1 months). EGFR‐positive cfEV responders also experienced longer mPFS compared to cfEV non‐responders (35.1 months, 95% CI: 14.9–35.5 vs. 20.8 months, 95% CI: 11.2–30.4). This study suggested that monitoring circulating EV could provide valuable insights into treatment efficacy in NSCLC, particularly for patients receiving pembrolizumab or osimertinib.
Fabrication Techniques and Their Impact on the Properties of Microalgae‐Based Hybrid Biochemobrionic Materials
Authors: Aslanbay Guler Bahar , Demirel Zeliha , Imamoglu Esra
Published: January 2025

Chemobrionics has garnered significant interest across various scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, material science, and regenerative medicine. To broaden their application field, hybrid materials can be developed by incorporating organic or biological components into their chemical composition. In the present study, it is aimed to synthesize a hybrid biochemobrionic material by incorporating Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into the calcium–magnesium silicate–phosphate chemobrionic structure. Two different techniques are compared for fabrication of biochemobrionic material. Additionally, antioxidant activity, degradation behavior, and cytotoxicity of the biochemobrionic are investigated. While the coating method is found to be more successful in enriching the material content with organic components, the direct incorporation method is deemed more suitable for biochemobrionic production due to the homogeneous distribution of microalgae, as well as the stability and mechanical strength of the material. According to the results, integrating C. vulgaris biomass not only enhances the antioxidant capability of the biochemobrionic material but also accelerates its degradation rate. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity assessment reveals no notable adverse effects for both chemobrionic and biochemobrionic specimens, though surface modifications can potentially boost cell viability. In conclusion, the direct incorporation method emerges as a promising approach for integrating a wide variety of components into chemobrionic structures.
Improving Surface Properties of AlSi10Mg Fabricated by Cold Spray: Mechanical Milling is a Tool for Fabrication of Composite ZrN/AlSi10Mg Particles
Authors: Suvorova Veronika S. , Suvorov Dmitrii S. , Bochkanov Fedor Yu. , Mnatsakanyan Victoriya U. , Chkirya Artur , Mukanov Samat K. , Chernyshikhin Stanislav V. , Nepapushev Andrey A. , Moskovskikh Dmitry O.
Published: January 2025

In this study, the possibility of employing ZrN/AlSi10Mg composite powders with 10, 20, and 30 wt% ZrN and a low‐pressure cold spraying (CS) unit to enhance the surface properties of AlSi10Mg obtained through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is investigated for the first time. A high‐energy ball mill is used to produce composite powders from AlSi10Mg and ZrN powders. ZrN/AlSi10Mg powders are sprayed onto the surface of LPBFed AlSi10Mg at a pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 400 °C. It is demonstrated that the utilization of composite powders facilitates a uniform distribution of ceramic particles in the coating and reduces the share of their losses during the CS process to 2%. It is found that the microhardness and elastic modulus of composite coatings increase with increasing mass fractions of ZrN, while the wear rate (WR) decreases. A change in the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive is observed. It is possible to increase the microhardness and elastic modulus of the LPBFed AlSi10Mg surface with a coating containing 30 wt% ZrN by 43% (193 ± 5 HV0.1) and 62% (105 ± 9 GPa), respectively, and reduce the WR by 25% (8.26 ± 0.09) × 10−4 mm3 m−1.
Electrostatic Accumulation‐Induced Auxiliary Field and Coaxial Airflow for Jet Convergence in Electrospinning
Authors: Guan Xudong , Chen Xiaoxuan , Gao Ruxin , Bin Xinyu , Liao Xinyu , Song Shuhang , Wang Jiaqi , Liu Jinxin , Liu Yuqing
Published: January 2025

Controlling the stability of the charged jet during the electrospinning process remains a critical challenge for achieving precision in electrospinning and optimizing the structural design of nanofibers. This research introduces a novel electrospinning technique, termed Airflow Synergistic Electrostatic Field (ASEF) focusing. During the electrospinning process, the charged jet is guided through a perforated insulating plate by coaxial airflow. The charges accumulate around the holes, creating electrostatic lenses that focus the jet. The results indicate that this method not only suppresses jet oscillation, ensuring precise deposition of the spinning jet, but also improves the nanofibrous structure, thereby altering its mechanical properties and morphological features. Orthogonal experiments and finite element method simulations were employed to optimize and provide theoretical validation for the technique. Under optimized conditions (20 cm spinning distance, 20 kV voltage, 20 kPa airflow pressure, and a 5 cm auxiliary electric field), the spinning jet deposition area was successfully reduced to 4.0 cm2. Finally, a proof‐of‐concept experiment using eggshells as a model substantiated the ASEF technique's potential for precise deposition of electrospun fibers and its encapsulation performance, offering new possibilities for biomedical applications such as non‐invasive wound repair.
Optimization Study of Shear‐Thickening Polishing Technology in the Passivation Process of Spiral‐Fluted Tap Edge Based on Simulation Analysis
Authors: Wang Xu , Bao Zhiyuan , Wang Jiahuan , Lyu Binghai , Wang Jinghu , Deng Qianfa , Zhao Wenghong , Yuan Julong
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effectiveness of shear‐thickening polishing technology in passivating high‐speed steel tap edges through simulation. It analyzes the impact of workpiece speed (V), rotary speed (V′), and inclination angle (θ) on pressure distribution and surface roughness during edge preparation. The simulation shows a peak pressure of 8723.236 Pa at an 80° angle, leading to uniform distribution and reduced surface roughness to 12 nm after 25 min of polishing. A multiresponse optimization method identifies optimal edge preparation conditions at maximum pressure, enhancing edge consistency and minimizing roughness. A mathematical model and universal empirical formula relate edge preparation rate to inclination angle, applicable to various curved edge tools. A regression model explores relationships among inclination angle, rotational speed, and edge blunting radius. The study finds that an inclination angle of 80°, a spin speed of 10 rad min−1, and a disk speed of 80 rad min−1 can control the edge radius to 30 μm. The research confirms the simulation's reliability and highlights the inclination angle's significant effect on edge radius, providing a theoretical and practical guide for applying shear‐thickening polishing technology in tool edge preparation.
Sustainable and Tunable Synaptic Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (EGOFETs) for Light Adaptive Visual Perceptive Systems
Authors: Serghiou Theodoros , Fernandes José Diego , Karthikeyan Vaithinathan , Assi Dani S. , Vieira Douglas Henrique , Alves Neri , Kettle Jeff
Published: January 2025

The recent advances in optic neuromorphic devices have led to a subsequent rise in the development of energy‐efficient artificial‐vision systems. While the energy consumption of such devices is known to be much lower than conventional vision systems, it is known that manufacturing accounts for the largest share of the climate impact in microelectronics, dominating over the product use phase. Thus, there is a need to develop sustainable manufacturing processes and to adopt low‐impact materials for hardware solutions of the future. In this study, an Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐effect Transistor (EGOFET) is experimentally demonstrated for the implementation of a high‐performing synaptic optical sensor using sustainable materials that degrade to benign products at the End of Life (EoL). The device shows remarkable light response with maximum Paired‐Pulse Facilitation (PPF) Index of up to 151% at a light power density of 38 µW cm−2, which enables artificial synaptic applications with an average power consumption as low as 2.4 pJ for each training process, representing one of the best among the reported results. To demonstrate the tunability of the vision system, an ensemble decision tree is used to enable the EGOFET to distinguish and remember different primary colors at different power densities with 95.6% accuracy.
The Conformal, High‐Density SpineWrap Microelectrode Array for Focal Stimulation and Selective Muscle Recruitment
Authors: Russman Samantha M. , Montgomery‐Walsh Rhea , Vatsyayan Ritwik , U Hoi Sang , Diaz‐Aguilar Luis D. , Chang Eric Y. , Tang Qingbo , Lee Keundong , Yaksh Tony L. , Ben‐Haim Sharona , Ciacci Joseph , Dayeh Shadi A.
Published: January 2025

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the spinal cord is widely applied for pain management and as a possible route to functional restoration after spinal cord injury. Currently, EES employs bulky, nonconformal paddle arrays with low channel counts. This limits stimulation effectiveness by requiring high stimulation currents, reduces selectivity of muscle recruitment, and requires subject‐specific designs to accommodate varied neuroanatomy across the patient population. Here, on a thin‐film, high‐channel count microelectrode array, termed SpineWrap is reported, which wraps around the dorsolateral aspect of the rat spinal cord. SpineWrap delivers focal stimulation to selectively activate muscles due to its thin substrate, high conformability, high channel count, on‐device ground, and the material properties of its platinum nanorod contacts. Through computational and in vivo studies, the SpineWrap can selectively recruit muscles in the rat lower limb and identify stimulation hotspots at a submillimeter resolution, maximizing muscle recruitment selectivity. The effect of channel count and density on muscle recruitment selectivity is also investigated and show that rat spinal cord arrays require submillimeter pitches to achieve maximal selectivity. SpineWrap represents an advancement in EES technology and, when adapted to be used chronically, has the potential to improve SCI treatment by providing more refined stimulation.
Enhanced Yield and Compatibility of Exfoliated MoS2 through Iodine‐Assisted Thermal Treatment of Powders
Authors: Chalmpes Nikolaos , Susner Michael A. , Velez Michael , Alsmaeil Ahmed Wasel , Jawaid Ali , Vaia Richard A. , Giannelis Emmanuel P.
Published: January 2025

This study introduces iodine‐assisted thermal annealing of commercially sourced molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) powders to significantly enhance their dispersion yield, exfoliation efficiency, and compatibility across a wide range of solvents. This method leverages iodine as a transport agent during annealing (800–1200 °C), leading to the removal of oxide and sulfide impurities that impede exfoliation and reduce swelling, such as those that bridge individual layers. Dispersions of the post‐treated MoS2 powder outperform alternative approaches such as surfactant‐assisted dispersion, redox dispersion, or lithium intercalation; here, stable colloidal solutions are produced with yields exceeding 50% where the dispersion is dominated by exfoliated single‐to‐few layer flakes. This is achieved without the need for surface additives or use of extreme mechanical forces that can degrade performance of MoS2 in electronic, sensor, and optical applications. These findings, which highlight the impact of composition and structural purity of the starting powders, offer a promising solution for expanding the use of layered transition metal dichalcogenide materials.
Unlocking the Facet‐Governed Zn Homoepitaxy Growth Induced by Dynamic l‐Theanine Evolution Process Realized Highly Reversible Zn Anodes
Authors: Sun Chaorui , Ji Chenchen , Guo Gaozhi , He Gege , Luo Yulu , Lin Jiadong , Yan Huijie , Li Mengjun , Shi Yulin , Sun Lixian
Published: January 2025

Achieving highly ordered and compact assembly of zinc (Zn) deposits, side‐reaction‐free, and no by‐product deposition manner of Zn anodes is crucial to avoid the premature failure for Zn‐ion batteries, which is jointly determined by the state of polycrystalline Zn substrates, interfacial microenvironment, epitaxial growth, crystal orientation, and their interaction. Herein, the progressive electrochemical behavior of Zn anodes, regulated by the converted species of l‐theanine (THE) molecules from the hydrogel matrix, is uncovered. THE molecules are capable of accommodating the electrolyte environment and provide a weakly acidic condition at the infancy stage of electrodeposition, which induces an in situ acid etching process for releasing the residual stress of polycrystalline Zn substrates. This in situ acid etching process achieves lattice match between the substrate and overgrowth crystals, which renders the overgrowth crystals seamlessly amalgamate with the substrate to form the highly oriented and densely packed Zn deposit via the homoepitaxial growth combined with the converted THE+ cations. Concomitantly, the interfacial adsorbed THE+ cations facilitate the formation of the inorganic–organic hybrid solid electrolyte interphase layer. Consequently, the Zn||Zn cell with the THE‐filled hydrogel electrolyte achieves a significantly long cycling stability of 2000 cycles, with an ultrahigh average Coulombic efficiency of 99.0% over 1000 cycles.
Unveiling Oxygen Vacancy Engineering in CoMo‐Based Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity
Authors: Luo Na , Cai Ao , Pei Junhui , Zeng Xiongfeng , Wang Xing , Yao Na
Published: January 2025

Oxygen vacancy (VO) engineering is widely regarded as a key strategy for enhancing CoMo‐based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) while understanding their formation mechanisms and role in boosting OER activity remains a significant challenge. Herein, a CoMoOx system doped is developed with different 3d‐orbital atoms M (V, Ni, Zn, and Mn) to investigate the construction and stabilization of VO and its crucial role in OER performance. In situ and ex situ measurements along with theoretical calculations demonstrate that V doping adjusts the bandgap between the CoMo‐d and O‐p orbitals, leading to the transfer of electrons from the O‐p orbitals to the M‐d orbitals, thereby promoting the formation of VO. The formation of VO leads to an upshifted d‐band center, optimizing the desorption of oxygen intermediates on VO‐CoMoVOx and lowering the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step (RDS), thereby enhancing the catalyst's activity. Additionally, V doping promotes electron transfer from Co to V atoms, stabilizing the VO and ultimately improving the catalyst's stability. The resulting VO ‐CoMoVOx catalyst delivered attractive activity (overpotential of 248 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and durability over 600 h. This study offers a rational method for designing efficient OER electrocatalysts.
Light‐Induced Hysteresis of Electronic Polarization in Anti‐Ferromagnet FePS3
Authors: Sim Kyung Ik , Park Byung Cheol , Kim Taesoo , Cho Byeong Wook , Kim Jae Hoon , Choi Eun‐Mi , Lee Young Hee
Published: January 2025

Research on manipulating materials using light has garnered significant interest, yet examples of controlling electronic polarization in magnetic materials remain scarce. Here, the hysteresis of electronic polarization in the anti‐ferromagnetic semiconductor FePS3 is demonstrated via light. Below the Néel temperature, linear dichroism (i.e., optical anisotropy) without structural symmetry breaking is observed. Light‐induced net polarization aligns along the a‐axis (zigzag direction) at 1.6 eV due to the dipolar polarization and along the b‐axis (armchair direction) at 2.0 eV due to the combined effects of dipolar and octupolar polarizations, resulting from charge transfer from the armchair to the zigzag direction by light. Unexpected hysteresis of the electronic polarization occurs at 2.0 eV due to the octupolar polarization, in contrast to the absence of such hysteresis at 1.6 eV. This is attributed to a symmetry breaking of the light‐induced phase of FePS3 involving electronic polarization within the spin lattice. Here a new mechanism is suggested for generating and controlling electronic polarization in magnetic materials using light, with implications for future device applications.
Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Supramolecular Gels
Authors: Simpson Jack D. , Thomson Lisa , Woodley Christopher M. , Wallace Chloe M. , Dietrich Bart , Loch Alex S. , Adams Dave J. , Berry Neil G.
Published: January 2025

The prediction of gelation is an important target, yet current models do not predict any post‐gel properties. Gels can be formed through the self‐assembly of many molecules, but close analogs often do not form gels. There has been success using a number of computational approaches to understand and predict gelation from molecular structures. However, these approaches focus on whether or not a gel will form, not on the properties of the resulting gels. Critically, it is the properties of the gels that are important for a specific application, not simply whether a gel will be formed. Supramolecular gels are often kinetically trapped, meaning that predicting gel properties is inherently a difficult challenge. Here, the first successful a priori prediction of gel properties for such self‐assembled, supramolecular systems is reported.
A Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Dendrimer with Intramolecular Energy Transfer: Application for Efficient Host‐Free Green Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐emitting Diodes
Authors: Wu Sen , Chen Dongyang , Zhang Xiao‐Hong , Sun Dianming , Zysman‐Colman Eli
Published: January 2025

The development of narrowband emissive, bright, and stable solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes (SP‐OLEDs) remains a challenge. Here, a strategy is presented that merges within a single emitter a TADF sensitizer responsible for exciton harvesting and an MR‐TADF motif that provides bright and narrowband emission. This emitter design also shows strong resistance to aggregate formation and aggregation‐cause quenching. It is based on a known MR‐TADF emitter DtBuCzB with a donor‐acceptor TADF moiety consisting of either tert‐butylcarbazole donors (tBuCzCO2HDCzB) or second‐generation carbazole‐based donor dendrons (2GtBuCzCO2HDCzB) and a benzoate acceptor. The TADF moiety acts as an exciton harvesting antenna and transfers these excitons via Förster resonance energy transfer to the MR‐TADF emissive core. The SP‐OLEDs with 2GtBuCzCO2HDCzB and tBuCzCO2HDCzB thus show very high maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax of 27.9 and 22.0%) and minimal efficiency roll‐off out to 5000 cd m−2.
Programmable Magnetic Hysteresis in Orthogonally‐Twisted 2D CrSBr Magnets via Stacking Engineering.
Authors: Boix‐Constant Carla , Rybakov Andrey , Miranda‐Pérez Clara , Martínez‐Carracedo Gabriel , Ferrer Jaime , Mañas‐Valero Samuel , Coronado Eugenio
Published: January 2025

Twisting 2D van der Waals magnets allows the formation and control of different spin‐textures, as skyrmions or magnetic domains. Beyond the rotation angle, different spin reversal processes can be engineered by increasing the number of magnetic layers forming the twisted van der Waals heterostructure. Here, pristine monolayers and bilayers of the A‐type antiferromagnet CrSBr are considered as building blocks. By rotating 90 degrees these units, symmetric (monolayer/monolayer and bilayer/bilayer) and asymmetric (monolayer/bilayer) heterostructures are fabricated. The magneto‐transport properties reveal the appearance of magnetic hysteresis, which is highly dependent upon the magnitude and direction of the applied magnetic field and is determined not only by the twist‐angle but also by the number of layers forming the stack. This high tunability allows switching between volatile and non‐volatile magnetic memory at zero‐field and controlling the appearance of abrupt magnetic reversal processes at either negative or positive field values on demand. The phenomenology is rationalized based on the different spin‐switching processes occurring in the layers, as supported by micromagnetic simulations. The results highlight the combination between twist‐angle and number of layers as key elements for engineering spin‐switching reversals in twisted magnets, of interest toward the miniaturization of spintronic devices and realizing novel spin textures.
Optical Activity of Chiral Excitons
Authors: Sercel Peter C. , Hautzinger Matthew P. , Song Ruyi , Blum Volker , Beard Matthew C.
Published: January 2025

Recent activity in the area of chiroptical phenomena has been focused on the connection between structural asymmetry, electron spin configuration and light/matter interactions in chiral semiconductors. In these systems, spin‐splitting phenomena emerge due to inversion symmetry breaking and the presence of extended electronic states, yet the connection to chiroptical phenomena is lacking. Here, we develop an analytical effective mass model of chiral excitons, parameterized by density functional theory. The model accounts for parity mixing of the band edge Bloch functions resulting from polar distortions, resulting in allowed magnetic dipole transitions. Through the study of a prototypical chiral 2D hybrid perovskite semiconductor, we show that circular dichroism of the chiral exciton and its interband continuum emerges from spin‐splitting via cross‐coupling of Rashba‐like and chiral/helical spin‐texture components. To demonstrate the generality of our approach, and as a counterpoint, we apply our model to describe chiroptical properties of three‐dimensionally confined excitons in perovskite nanocrystals that occur without chiral lattice distortions.
Interfacial Water Regulation for Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia at Ultralow Overpotentials
Authors: Wan Yuchi , Pei Maojun , Tang Yixiang , Liu Yao , Yan Wei , Zhang Jiujun , Lv Ruitao
Published: January 2025

Nitrate electroreduction is promising for achieving effluent waste‐water treatment and ammonia production with respect to the global nitrogen balance. However, due to the impeded hydrogenation process, high overpotentials need to be surmounted during nitrate electroreduction, causing intensive energy consumption. Herein, a hydroxide regulation strategy is developed to optimize the interfacial H2O behavior for accelerating the hydrogenation conversion of nitrate to ammonia at ultralow overpotentials. The well‐designed Ru─Ni(OH)2 electrocatalyst shows a remarkable energy efficiency of 44.6% at +0.1 V versus RHE and a nearly 100% Faradaic efficiency for NH3 synthesis at 0 V versus RHE. In situ characterizations and theoretical calculations indicate that Ni(OH)2 can regulate the interfacial H2O structure with a promoted H2O dissociation process and contribute to the spontaneous hydrogen spillover process for boosting NO3− electroreduction to NH3 at Ru sites. Furthermore, the assembled rechargeable Zn‐NO3−/ethanol battery system exhibits an outstanding long‐term cycling stability during the charge–discharge tests with the production of high‐value‐added ammonium acetate, showing great potential for simultaneously achieving nitrate removal, energy conversion, and chemical synthesis. This work can not only provide a guidance for interfacial H2O regulation in extensive hydrogenation reactions but also inspire the design of a novel hybrid flow battery with multiple functions.
Superior Hydrazine Electrooxidation Activities on Tin and Zirconium Promoted ZSM‐5 Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Yıldız Derya , Kaya Şefika , Ozok‐Arici Omruye , Caglar Aykut , Kivrak Arif , Kivrak Hilal
Published: January 2025

Direct fuel cells, such as direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFC), are considered environmentally friendly alternative energy technologies with great potential for the future. Hydrazine, used as a liquid fuel, is particularly advantageous due to its high cell voltage and energy density. In this study, the electrocatalytic potential of SnZr/ZSM‐5 catalysts synthesized with wet impregnation at various molar ratios is investigated for hydrazine oxidation. The catalyst is characterized by XPS, ICP‐MS, XRD, FTIR, SEM‐EDX, and TEM techniques. Additionally, thermal characterization of this catalyst is performed with temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR), temperature‐programmed oxidation (TPO), and temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD). The catalytic activities of ZSM‐5‐supported monometallic and bimetallic catalysts are determined using electrochemical measurements such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for direct hydrazine fuel cell (DHFC). The highest catalytic activity achieved is 44.874 mA cm−2 for SnZr(50:50)/ZSM‐5 catalyst, revealing that Zr addition to Sn improves the electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic catalysts compared to monometallic catalysts. The long‐term current density and stability of SnZr(50:50)/ZSM‐5 catalyst are taken at 0.6 V. EIS measurements indicated that the lowest charge transfer resistance is at 0.6 V, consistent with CV and CA measurements. SnZr(50:50)/ZSM‐5 provides a new perspective as an anode catalyst for DHFC applications.