bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Local Government Strategies in Building Halal Tourism in Bener Meriah Regency
Authors: Yanidin Rahmat , Abubakar Muhammad Bin , Akmal M
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the strategy of the Local Government of Bener Meriah Regency, in this case, what the Tourism Office has done in building halal tourism in Bener Meriah Regency. This research is a descriptive study with the support of qualitative data. Data collection techniques were obtained through in-depth interviews and documentation studies. The determination of informants was obtained by purposive sampling technique. From the research results, it was found that the Regional Government in building halal tourism in Bener Meriah Regency has not been optimal and is fixing everything related to the concept of halal tourism. Qanun Number 06 of 2018 concerning the Medium-Term Regional Government Plan for 2017-2022 through the first mission of the Regent of Bener Meriah Regency has set the policy direction for the development of the concept of halal tourism in Bener Meriah Regency. The sector that is carried out related to the concept of halal tourism has not touched anything in Bener Meriah Regency. The stakeholder understanding of the concept of halal tourism in local government policies is still limited to building tourism objects in Bener Meriah Regency so that in the future there will be evaluations related to policy directions regarding the concept of tourism halal in Bener Meriah Regency.
First Saskatchewan Record of Western Green Hairstreak and Fifth Record of Ancilla Dotted Blue
Authors: Hjertaas Dale G. and Paula
Published: April 2021

Dale and Paule Hjertaas detail the first Saskatchewan record of Western Green Hairstreak and the fifth record of Ancilla Dotted Blue, which they observed and photographed on 19 June 2019.
Gray Hairstreak: Status update for a rare butterfly in Manitoba
Authors: Taylor Peter , Christie William H.
Published: April 2021

Peter Taylor and William H. Christie review occurrences of the Gray Hairstreak butterfly, Strymon melinus, in Manitoba. Ten records are compiled, including details of a 2018 sighting near Pinawa and a 2007 specimen from Jessica Lake.
In Memoriam: J. Frank Roy
Authors: Bruce Donna
Published: April 2021

With the recent passing of J. Frank Roy, Saskatchewan's nature societies have lost a longtime member, a talented volunteer, a great friend and a wonderful mentor. One of Frank's great gifts was his generous interest in others, and his desire to bring people and nature together.
Revisiting the historical nesting record of the Whooping Crane at Batt Lefford, Saskatchewan
Authors: Sealy Spencer
Published: April 2021

Revisiting the historical nesting record of the Whooping Crane at Batt Lefford, Saskatchewan
Pengenalan Pola Tulisan Tangan Aksara Arab Menggunakan Metode Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Kasim Nanang , Nugraha Gibran Satya
Published: April 2021

Bahasa Arab adalah bahasa yang dijumpai pada kitab suci agama Islam yaitu berupa Al-Qur’an. Belajar bahasa Arab dengan mengenali bentuk hurufnya merupakan metode yang sangat efektif. Pengenalan pola tulisan tangan aksara Arab merupakan salah satu penelitan yang pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, dimana hasil akurasi yang di dapatkan bervariasi sesuai dengan metode penelitian yang digunakan. Pengenalan pola aksara Arab memiliki banyak tantangan salah satu berbedanya gaya tulisan tangan dan karakter tulisan setiap orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model machine learning dan mengetahui akurasi yang dihasilkan dari pengenalan pola tulisan tangan aksara Arab menggunakan metode convolution neural network, serta memperbaiki beberapa kekurangan pada penelitian pengenalan pola aksara Arab menggunakan metode CNN yang pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Convolution neural network merupakan metode klasifikasi dengan memberikan label pada saat melakukan pembelajaran atau tergolong ke dalam supervised learning. Data yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini merupakan data yang bersumber dari tulisan tangan di kertas HVS A4 menggunakan spidol dengan dua kategori yaitu usia 5 sampai 20 tahun dan usia 20 tahun ke atas baik yang sudah pernah belajar aksara Arab maupun belum pernah belajar aksara Arab guna didapatkannya variasi tulisan tangan.
DOENÇAS RARAS E O IMPACTO NO SISTEMA DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL
Authors:   Universidade Metodista de São Paulo. Curso de Farmácia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Boiati Raphael Fernando ,   Casa Hunter.  São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Instituto Racine, São Paulo,SP, Brasil., Mello Di Benedetto Luciana ,   Casa Hunter.  São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Clínica Ciranda, São Paulo, SP,  Brasil
Published: April 2021

De acordo com a Portaria nº 199/14, considera-se doença rara no Brasil quando aco-mete até 65/100.000 pessoas. Apesar da definição de doença rara, estima-se no Brasil aproximadamente 13 milhões. Cerca de 80% das doenças raras são de origem genética, acometendo, na maioria, crianças. Dados recentes relatam que em torno de 90% dessas crianças não chegam aos cinco anos. São descritas na literatura mais de 6.000 doenças raras, sendo que somente 100 dessas doenças possuem tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológicos com o intuito de aumentar a qualidade e a expectativa de vida. Em 2020, o orçamento previsto para a saúde é de R$ 164,65 bi. Porém, esse valor é findável, ou seja, vai acabar se não for aplicado e utilizado de forma a garantir a saúde a todos, cumprindo a Constituição Federal: “A saúde é um direito de todos e um dever do estado”, além de garantir a equidade, universalidade e integralidade. A triagem para seis doenças raras inicia-se no Brasil com o teste do pezinho. Porém, após o diagnóstico, o acompanhamento desses pacientes torna-se fundamental. No Brasil, temos 288 geneticistas cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES). Apesar do alto impacto financeiro aplicado em doenças raras, a maior parte se faz pela judicialização. Diversas atividades devem ser realizadas no país, como o aumento de pesquisas clínicas, a incorporação de novas tec-nologias e o registro de medicamentos. Dessa forma, podemos alcançar melhor qualidade e perspectiva de vida para esses pacientes que vivem em isolamento social constante.
HIPERCOLESTEROLEMIA FAMILIAR HOMOZIGÓTICA E HETEROZIGÓTICA GRAVE: EPIDEMIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO
Authors:   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Alves Renato Jorge ,   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Takao Suehiro Junior Armando ,   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Brailowsky Pellegrino Larissa ,   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: April 2021

A hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) é uma dislipidemia de origem genética, com padrão hereditário autossômico dominante, que se caracteriza por níveis muito ele-vados do colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c). Sua relação com a aterosclerose foi aventada pela primeira vez pelo médico Carl Muller, em 1939. As alterações ateroscleróticas podem aparecer desde a infância, causando aumento do risco de doença arterial coronária (DAC) prematura. Considerada doença de alto risco cardiovascular, é também um problema de saúde pública, devido à alta morbimorta-lidade. Apresenta incidência aproximada de 1:200–300 indivíduos na forma heterozi-gótica e de 1:250.000 a 1.000.000 na forma homozigótica. Ainda existe uma grande lacuna na identificação desses pacientes, sendo a falha no diagnóstico de particular importância nas crianças. Dentre a população portadora de HF, menos de 10% têm diagnóstico conhecido e menos de 25% recebem tratamento hipolipemiante. Com isso, a HF costuma ser detectada somente após um evento aterosclerótico manifesto. Seu diagnóstico precoce, bem como o tratamento correto, são fundamentais para a redução de eventos coronários. Para esse fim, as estatinas são os hipolipemiantes de primeira escolha na terapêutica da doença. Sua introdução precoce tem reduzido a incidência de desfechos cardiovasculares. Novos fármacos estão sendo usados como coadjuvantes e, associados às estatinas, têm trazido maior benefício clínico para essa população.
O AFETO NEGATIVO E UM CORAÇÃO PARTIDO: O PAPEL DA PSICOLOGIA NA ATUAÇÃO COM A SÍNDROME DE TAKOTSUBO
Authors:   Hospital do Coração da Associação Beneficente Síria. São Paulo,SP, Brasil., Gabos Priscila Maria , Fregonese Adriana Aparecida ,   Hospital do Coração da Associação Beneficente Síria. São Paulo,SP, Brasil., Cury Ismael Sílvia Maria ,   Hospital do Coração da Associação Beneficente Síria. São Paulo,SP, Brasil.
Published: April 2021

ntrodução: A “síndrome do coração partido”, de nome científico “síndrome de takotsubo”, é uma doença rara, com sintomas similares ao infarto. Trata-se da disfunção do ventrículo esquerdo por conta de um evento estressor de caráter emocional. Existem poucos casos descritos em literatura científica sobre a importância do acompanhamento psicológico para esses pacientes. Objetivos: Relatar caso de paciente com a síndrome de takotsubo. Observar as questões emocionais envolvidas, suas repercussões e a importância da psicoterapia. Método: Relato de caso, com paciente do sexo feminino, com 80 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de avaliação e acompanhamento psicológico ao longo da internação e psicoterapia após alta. Avaliou-se seu traço de personalidade e perfil comportamental pela análise do comportamento, correlacionando com os aspectos emocionais conhecidos sobre a síndrome de takotsubo. Resultados: Paciente A., casada e com cinco filhos. Previamente hígida, internada após agendar sua festa de aniversário de 80 anos. A. nunca havia passado por acompanhamento psico-lógico ou psiquiátrico. Observou-se presença de sintomas depressivos leves, traumas e frustrações importantes nunca previamente expressadas, bem como baixa autoestima. Apresentou personalidade introspectiva, com dificuldade de nomear seus sentimentos, comportamentos autopunitivos e tendência para afetos negativos. No acompanhamento psicológico conseguiu entrar em contato com sua dinâmica emocional e perceber seu próprio sofrimento pela primeira vez. Apontou a psicoterapia como um divisor de águas em sua vida, significando-a como um importante recurso de autocuidado. Conclusão: A psicoterapia foi eficaz e essencial para o cuidado emocional da paciente, facilitando que a mesma percebesse seu sofrimento e buscasse formas de enfrentamento, além de ressignificar sua própria história. Conclui-se que o psicólogo hospitalar e o seguimento da psicoterapia após alta são importantes e necessários para os pacientes com essa síndrome, corroborando evidências da literatura do impacto dos aspectos emocionais como facilitadores do desenvolvimento dessa síndrome.
LIPODISTROFIAS DE BASE GENÉTICA: APRESENTAÇÃO CLÍNICA, DIAGNÓSTICO, COMORBIDADES E TRATAMENTO
Authors:   Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL)/UFRN.Departamento de Medicina Clínica. Natal, RN, Brasil., Gomes Lima Josivan , C.R. Reboucas Feijo Bartira Miridan Xavier ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Programa de Pós-Graduação do CCS. Natal, RN, Brasi, Nobrega Lima Debora ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Ciências Médicas, Recife, PE, Brasil, Araújo de Melo Campos Julliane Tamara ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Biociências. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética. Natal, RN, Brasil.
Published: April 2021

As lipodistrofias de base genética são doenças raras, com prevalência mundial de três casos em um milhão de habitantes, sendo 0,23 casos para cada um milhão para as lipodistrofias congênitas generalizadas (LCG) e 2,84 casos para cada um milhão para as lipodistrofias parciais familiares (LPF). Devido à sua raridade, ao mimetismo com outros casos de síndrome metabólica e à indisponibilidade de testes genéticos, frequentemente não são diagnosticadas. Em virtude da escassez de tecido adiposo ou da deposição em locais ectópicos, cursam com resistência insulínica e suas consequências: diabetes, hipertensão arterial, esteato-hepatite, dislipidemia (hipertrigliceridemia, HDL baixo, LDL pequeno e denso). Nos casos de LCG, a mortalidade é precoce e muitas vezes não dá tempo para desenvolver doença aterosclerótica clínica. Infecções, insuficiência renal e cirrose são as causas mais frequentes de óbito. As LPF tendem a desenvolver mais complicações cardiovasculares. O diagnóstico clínico baseia-se na composição alterada da gordura corporal, associada a acantose nigricans e hepatomegalia. Quanto aos exames laboratoriais, além das alterações usuais decorrentes de diabetes e dislipidemia, há redução de leptina e adiponectina séricas. A quantificação e análise da distribuição da gordura corporal através de DEXA de corpo inteiro auxilia o diagnóstico. Os testes genéticos, apesar de não obrigatórios, confirmam o diagnóstico. Além do tratamento do diabetes, hipertensão arterial e dislipidemia, o uso de metreleptina tem sua utilidade nos casos de LCG.
СОПИРОЛИЗ ДИМЕТИЛОВОГО ЭФИРА И ЭТАНА В УСЛОВИЯХ АДИАБАТИЧЕСКОГО СЖАТИЯ
Authors:   Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А.В. Топчиева Российской академии наук, БИЛЕРА И.В.
Published: April 2021

С помощью метода адиабатического сжатия исследован сопиролиз диметилового эфира (ДМЭ) и этана в диапазоне температур 970-1666 К и суммарных степеней превращения 0,26%-96,1%. Определены основные (водород, СО, метан, этилен, формальдегид, ацетилен) и второстепенные продукты реакции (в том числе оксигенаты: метанол, ацетальдегид, этанол, метоксиэтан). Состав смеси продуктов качественно совпадает с продуктами пиролиза ДМЭ и сопиролиза ДМЭ и метана, но заметно различается по выходам углеводородов. Добавка этана к ДМЭ (ДМЭ/С2Н6 = 2,5/2,0 %(об.)/%(об.)) приводит к снижению степени превращения ДМЭ, особенно при малых и средних степенях превращения. Обнаружено образование сажи при нагреве до максимальной температуры 1666 К при степени превращения более 96%.
ANALYSIS STUDENT’S SPEAKING PERFORMANCE AS AN ACADEMIC SPEAKER’S PRACTICE
Authors: Anggini Selina Dwi , Arjulayana Arjulayana -
Published: April 2021

Speaking is a productive skill with requires the interactive and performance process. To be able to improve and represent student’s capability in their speaking skill, student also need to drill and practice their speaking as the academic presenter, because if they able to speak academically, their speaking skill will get well improvement automatically. This research is aimed to investigate student’s speaking performance while they have academic speaking practice. The population of this research is 4th semester student of Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, located in Cikokol-Tangerang. The sample is single sample. To find the data, researcher use video record originally from the speaker then doing the analysis with triangulation validity. This research showed that students speaking performance is need to be treating well, especially in their self-confident and vocabulary master, because it will be impossible for them to be a good speaker if they have lots of anxiety.
THE STUDENT’S LEARNING STYLE AND THEIR WRITING SKILL AT SMK TIARA AKSARA
Authors: Sari Eka , Imaniah Ikhfi , Hanim Immtihan
Published: April 2021

Writing is an activity that not only need physical act but also mental act. Students can put their statements, idea and opinion in composing writing. Moreover, students learn with visually, auditory and kinesthetic. Students with multi learning style usually better in learning and understand lessons, particularly in writing. Due to the statement, this study is aimed to find out the correlation between students’ learning style and their writing skill. This study use survey quantitative method and analyze the data by using statitisctical hypotheses. Based on the data analysis, it was found that student’s learning style was not normally distributed, whereas the data of writing test was normally distributed. Therefore, the researchers used non-parametric statistics to analyze the hypotheses. Kendall Tau calculation was used and obtained that Zcount ((0,35) <  Ztable (1,96) with significant 0,05. Thus, H0 is accepted and Hi is rejected. It means that there is no correlation between students’ learning style and their writing skill. In this case, learning style were not dominat factors affected writing skill.
THE USE OF SELF ASSESSMENT IN TEACHING WRITING PROCESS
Authors: Rohim Abdul
Published: April 2021

The objective of this research is to give information and clear explanation about the use of self assessment in teaching writing process.. This research uses the descriptive qualitative research. The population of this research is all students of fifth semester for english study program in Muhammadiyah University of Tangerang.semester  academic 2019/2020 consisting of four parallel classes namely class 5a1, 5a2, 5a3,and 4b1. Based on the research finding, it can be concluded that self assessment is effective in teaching writing self-assessment in writing learning (writing) aims to encourage students to reflect themselves on students' writing abilities. Self-assessment encourages students to think about the purpose of why students learn to write, and to know what and how they learn. And for the teacher should implement it in their class and it still needs further research in order to develop scientific references. Key words: Self Assessment, Writing
Group Investigation Technique on Indonesian High School Students’ Writing Skill
Authors: Andini Raras Putri , Mulyana Euis Yanah , Arjulayana Arjulayana
Published: April 2021

Writing is the work of pouring ideas, expressing those ideas, and organizing them into statements and paragraphs that will be clear to a reader. Five points that students need to pay attention to in writing are content, organization, vocabulary, language use (grammar) and mechanic. Therefore, in this research, the researcher choosed Group Investigation Technique in teaching writing skill. The objective of this research is to discover whether any significant effect or not in the implementation of Group Investigation Technique on Indonesian high school students’ writing skill because the students were not familiar with the written form in English in spite of they have some assignments about that. Some students were not confident to write in English because they were afraid to make mistake in grammar. The researcher used Quantitative approach and Quasi Experiment method with Non–Equivalent Control Group Design. Both of experimental class and controlled class consist of 38 students as the sample of this research. The result of this research is shown the mean score of controlled class (X.FI.1) pretest (58,5) is a little smaller than experimental class (X.FKK.2) pretest (60,26). Meanwhile the mean score of controlled class postest (65,82) is way smaller than experimental class postest (73,4). Based on the data analysis postest of hypotheses testing with significant level 5% (0,05), the result obtained that tcount (3,18) > ttable (1,99) where the statistical hypotheses of H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. So, it can be concluded that there is significant effect in the implementation of Group Investigation Technique on Indonesian High School Students’ Writing Skill.
THE IDENTITY CONFLICT OF THE SYMBOLIC DOMINATION DISCOURSE IN THE SHORT STORIES OF MODERN CIVILIZATION
Authors: Sutikno Eka Ugi
Published: April 2021

In this modern-day, many women have a suitable carrier; however, they often have seemed like a weak person. One of their weaknesses that often shown is the unableness of how to make any decision. These things often happen in real life and stated in the literature, especially in short stories. The Anatomy by Padrika Tarrant and the Otobiografi Gloria by AS Laksana are literary works that are containing the identity conflict of the symbolic domination discourse. The research purpose is to analyze the identity conflict of the symbolic domination discourse in these short stories. The method of this research is using the qualitative descriptive because the subjects are short stories. The result of this research has shown the two main characters of these short stories, which dominated on symbolic and they live in the marginal as the women who have an identity. The conclusion of this research has drawn that women in this modern era still dominated on symbolic and as a weak person.
THE EFFECTS OF SUMMARIZING USING INFOGRAPHICS ON EFL LEARNERS’ READING COMPREHENSION.
Authors: Lastari Dyah Supraba , Silvana Rini
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to describe EFL learners’ experiences while using infographics  in a reading class. The pedagogical intervention, based on the use of infographic application (Canva) as an alternative tool to help them summarize reading passages, was implemented to enhance their reading comprehension. The data were gathered from teacher’s journal, questionnaires and the results of students’ reading comprehension tests. The findings revealed that the students viewed the use of infographics could motivate and enabled them to summarize the assigned reading topics much easier. In addition, the assignments incorporating the use of infographic application encouraged them to participate actively in English reading activities in a collaborative atmosphere, allow them to develop their creativity and raise positive attitudes toward the role of technological tools in educational settings.Keywords: English reading, infographics, reading comprehension
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KOMPREHENSIF BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI SISWA
Authors: Damayanti Sri
Published: April 2021

Abstract:This type research was aims to determine the implementation of a comprehensive program of guidance and conseling in developing the potential of students at MTs Avicenna Sunan Bonang. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study by collecting data about guidance and conseling services carried out by conseling guidance teachers in developing student potential. he result of this study indicates that study indicate that the implementation of a comprehensive program of guidance and conseling is appropriate in developing the potential of students at MTs Avicenna Sunan Bonang.
URGENSI EVALUASI DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Anwar Khoirul
Published: April 2021

Abstrak :Evaluasi peniliaian terhadap tingkat keberhasilan peserta didik mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dalam sebuah program. Bahwa evaluasi adalah proses penilaian yang dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang keberhasilan suatu tindakan. Ada tiga alasan utama dalam kegiatan pembelajaran diperlukan adanya evaluasi, yaitu: a) Apabila dilihat dari pendekatan proses pendidikan agama Islam, dapat diketahui hubungan interdepensi antara tujuan pendidikan agama Islam, proses belajar mengajar pendidikan agama Islam dan prosedur evaluasinya. b) Kegiatan mengevaluasi terhadap hasil belajar merupakan salah satu ciri dari pendidik profesional. c)nApabila dilihat dari pendekatan kelembagaan, kegiatan pendidikan agama Islam adalah seperti kegiatan manajemen, yang meliputi kegiatan planning, programming, organizing, actuating, controlling dan evaluating
“ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ) DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19”.
Authors: Subarkah Milana Abdillah , Salim Agus
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe teaching and learning process is a very important activity and must be carried out even though the situation is not possible in schools amid the Covid-19 pandemic as it is today. So this study aims to analyze learning difficulties, distance learning, and analysis of student learning difficulties in PJJ amid the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of case studies, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show First, learning difficulties in students can be experienced due to disruption in him both from within and outside himself. This condition can also occur amid the Covid-19 pandemic. In the end, through various appeals from several parties, students were asked to carry out their learning activities in their respective homes. Second, with the appeals and suggestions of students studying at home, then Distance Learning (PJJ) becomes an alternative learning activity for students in order to break the corona virus transmission chain. Third, during the Covid-19 pandemic with PJJ students faced problems accessing internet devices and quotas, thus the government and all education administrators to provide internet quota subsidies, emergency curricula, and develop effective learning strategies for communities affected by Covid-19.
PJJ: DIGITAL TRANSFORMASI DARING PADA EVALUASI PENDIDIKAN DI ERA PANDEMI COVID -19
Authors: Astriani Yessy , Marzuki Ismail
Published: April 2021

AbstrakKebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah terkait pandemi Covid-19, guru dan siswa harus siap menggunakan media teknologi untuk melanjutkan proses pembelajaran. Masyarakat harus lebih pintar dalam memanfaatkan teknologi digital. Dunia digital sebagai media pembelajaran seperti internet dalam e-learning merupakan media alternatif yang paling dasar dalam pembelajaran online. Pelaksanaan Penilaian Akhir Tahun (PAT) untuk kenaikan kelas di tengah wabah Covid-19 harus mengedepankan prinsip fleksibilitas, keadilan, non diskriminasi, dan tidak merugikan siswa. Semua kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai macam media, seperti video, audio, WA/sms, Google Classrom, Google Meet, dan Google Form. Ujian sekolah dapat dilaksanakan dalam bentuk rapor nilai dan prestasi yang diperoleh sebelumnya, tugas, tes online, dan / atau bentuk penilaian jarak jauh lainnya.
Regulatory mechanisms and incentives nexus in taxation and governance of West African economies
Authors: Olaiya Taiwo
Published: April 2021

Despite the evident and contemporaneous concurrences in the political-economy and governance histories of Nigeria and Ghana, scholarly attention devoted to comparative interrogation of the public finance and the governance in the states is at low ebb. In this paper, we draw conceptual insights from public economics discourses of taxation and governance to argue that people-centered revenue profile relates significantly with comparative performances of government institutions. Matrix data were obtained from sampled respondents in Nigeria and Ghana and analysed for percentage analysis to validate the research conjectures. As predicted, the nexus between taxation and governance was generally weak, but nevertheless stronger in Ghana than Nigeria. In addition, the regulatory mechanisms for tax administration related positively to determine the nexus between taxation and governance in the study area. In addition, the study demonstrated a divergence in the states’ political economies as well as in their regulatory mechanisms for taxation. Also, incentives played a key role in shaping the relationship between taxation and governance. Nevertheless, tax incentives fostered a weak positive relationship for taxation and governance in Nigeria and Ghana even though such appears stronger in the latter than the former.
The history of the formation and development of the Attorney Service in the USA
Authors: Antonova Natalia , Grebennikov Valery , Ilina Tatjana , Kalinovskaya Victoria , Petrosyants Daniel
Published: April 2021

The article examines the history of the creation and development of the Attorney Service in the United States, which has no analogues in other states, but due to its functions in criminal prosecution, it is often referred to the prosecutor’s office. The article deals with the organization and activities of prosecutorial supervision in the United States. The authors analyze the functions of the institution of the prosecutor’s office in the state, highlight the stages of activity and investigate the problematic aspects of the work of the prosecutor’s office. As a result of the analysis, the conceptual historical features of the US Prosecutor’s Office were determined.
Poland in the foreign policy of the USSR in 1941–1945
Authors: Zolov Alexander
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the relations of the Soviet Union and its allies on the question of the rebirth of the Polish state after the finish of the war with Germany.
暗能量暗物质、引力磁，量子化的太阳系
Authors: YANG Zheng-Ling
Published: April 2021

两个因果关系：（1）已有客观证据的地球天气变化周期性 ← 地球在太阳系内运动的周期性 ← 量子化的太阳系 ← 引力磁 + 万有引力。（2）引力和电磁作用的统一。主要创新点：地球静止轨道卫星的激光测距，作为引力磁存在性的判定实验。
Confronting Disinformation: Journalists and the Conflict over Truth in #Elxn43
Authors: Tenove Chris , MacLellan Stephanie
Published: April 2021

(Note: This is a pre-print, not copy-edited, of a chapter for publication in: Cyber-Threats to Canadian Democracy, ed. by Holly Ann Garnett and Michael Pal. McGill-Queen’s University Press.) In the run-up to the 2019 federal election in Canada, experts and policymakers raised the possibility that foreign or domestic actors might use disinformation tactics during the campaign. This prompted Canadian journalists to give unprecedented attention to threats that online disinformation might pose to the information ecosystem and thus to electoral integrity. This chapter analyzes how Canadian journalists understood and responded to disinformation in the 2019 federal election campaign.Drawing on interviews with over 30 journalists, we find that while they held competing conceptions of disinformation, most associated it with digitally enabled techniques of media manipulation (e.g. the use of automated social media accounts known as “bots”) pursued by both traditional and newly prominent actors (including foreign states, partisan organizations and loose networks of domestic trolls). To address online disinformation, some journalism organizations developed new reporting approaches and teams, while many journalists and senior editors reflected on how longstanding reporting practices may or may not address this new challenge. We then investigate key challenges that journalists face in countering disinformation by examining three illustrative cases from the 2019 campaign: the alleged role of bots and foreign accounts in online discourse; the salacious rumours about incumbent prime minister Justin Trudeau pushed by foreign and domestic actors, including the U.S.-based website The Buffalo Chronicle; and the potential for leaks of illegally acquired material acquired through hacking operations.Reflecting on disinformation in #elxn43, journalists described three general challenges. Two are relatively new: how to identify novel and sophisticated online disinformation tactics, and how to address disinformation without amplifying its spread on social media. The third is a dilemma that journalists have long faced in election reporting: how to report on misleading claims in a context of intense partisan competition, when journalists themselves are being scrutinized as actors in the political fray.
Thư viện Nguyễn Văn Hưởng / Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam
Authors: Si H.L. Cu
Published: April 2021

Holding: Kinh tế Việt NamNGUYEN VAN HUONG LIBRARY2nd Fl., Almaz Market, Hoa Phuong Str., Vinhomes RiversideLong Bien Dist., Hanoi, Vietnam
Measurement in Intensive Longitudinal Data
Authors: McNeish Daniel , MacKinnon David , Marsch Lisa , Poldrack Russell
Published: April 2021

Technological advances have increased the prevalence of intensive longitudinal data as well as statistical techniques appropriate for these data, such as dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM). Intensive longitudinal designs often investigate constructs related to affect or mood and do so with multiple item scales. However, applications of intensive longitudinal methods often rely on simple sums or averages of the administered items rather than considering a proper measurement model. This paper demonstrates how to incorporate measurement models into DSEM to (1) provide more rigorous measurement of constructs used in intensive longitudinal studies and (2) assess whether scales are invariant across time and across people, which is not possible when item responses are summed or averaged. We provide an example from an ecological momentary assessment study on self-regulation in adults with binge eating disorder and walkthrough how to fit the model in Mplus and how to interpret the results.
Strategic Interdependence and Preferences for Debt Mutualization in the Eurozone
Authors: Baccaro Lucio , Bremer Björn , Neimanns Erik
Published: April 2021

Existing research argues that a “democratic constraint” blocks the path towards fiscal integration in the eurozone: Voters in creditor countries are fundamentally opposed to debt sharing, while voters in debtor countries are unwilling to leave the euro, which constrains the ability of their politicians to negotiate a more equitable distribution of the burden of adjustment. However, this literature neglects that preferences are strategically interdependent across countries and are affected by the type of information processed by individuals. Based on two linked survey experiments in Germany and Italy, conducted at a crucial moment during the COVID-19 pandemic, we show that Germans respond to information that highlights the possibility of a break-up of the euro as a result of Italexit by increasing their support for debt mutualization. In contrast, Italians are more affected by information about the costs of remaining in the euro than of exiting it and drastically reduce their support for the euro if they are told that austerity and structural reforms are required to remain in it. Our results help to explain why German politicians relaxed their hostility to joint debt and agreed to the introduction of the EU’s pandemic recovery fund in 2020.
Long-term Labour Market and Economic Consequences of School Exclusions in England: Evidence from Two Counterfactual Approaches
Authors: Madia Joan Eliel , Obsuth Ingrid , Daniels Harry , Thompson Ian , Murray Aja Louise
Published: April 2021

Background. Previous research suggests that school exclusion during childhood is a precursor to social exclusion in adulthood. Past literature on the consequences of school exclusion is, however, scarce and mainly focused on short term outcomes such as educational attainment, delinquency, and mental health in early adolescence. Moreover, this evidence is based primarily on descriptive and correlational analysis, whereas robust causal evidence is required to best inform policy.Aims. We aimed to estimate the mid-to-long-term impact of school exclusion on labour market and economic outcomes.Sample. The sample included 6632 young people who at the age of 25/26 in the year 2015 participated in the Next Steps survey of whom 86 were expelled from school and 711 were suspended between the ages of 13/14 and 16/17.Method. Using high quality existing longitudinal data, we utilised four approaches to evaluate the impact of school exclusion: logistic regression-adjustment models, propensity score matching, school fixed-effects analysis, and inverse propensity weighting. The latter two counterfactual approaches were used to estimate causal effects.Results. We found that school exclusion increased the risk of becoming NEET at the age of 19/20, and then remaining economically inactive at the age of 25/26, as well as experiencing higher unemployment risk and earning lower wages also at the age of 25/26.Conclusion. School exclusion has pervasive negative effects into adulthood. Policy interventions should focus on both prevention and mitigating its negative effects. Interventions aimed at re-integrating excluded individuals into education or vocational training could be key in reducing the risk of poor socio-economic outcomes and social exclusion.
Regional correlation of the Lesser Himalayan and Tethyan basin sediments of Kali valley, Indo-Nepal area
Authors: Tewari V. C.
Published: April 2021

The Uttarakhand Lesser Himalaya of India (Kumaon-Garhwal basins) is the most important central sector of the Himalayan arc between Kali River, Nepal in the east and Tons River, Himachal in the west. The Lesser Himalayan sedimentary belts are bound by the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) in the south and Main Central Thrust (MCT) in the north in Indo-Nepal border across the Kali River. The revised biostratigraphy, carbon isotope and event stratigraphy has established a Mesoproterozoic age for the Deoban belt and Lower Cambrian age for the Krol-Tai belt in the Indian part. Identical sedimentary facies and stromatolites are found in western Nepal across the Kali River (Kali-Gandaki Group) and is in fact the extension of the Indian Lesser Himalaya (Deoban-Tejam belt) into western Nepal.

The Tethyan sedimentary zone is separated from the Central Crystallines in the north of the Lesser Himalaya of Indo-Nepal region by Tethyan Thrust/Malari Thrust/frans-Himadri Thrust. Recent fossil finds, sedimentological and carbon isotopic signatures from Ralam, Garbyang, Shiala and Yong formations indicate continuous sedimentation from Terminal Proterozoic to Silurian period. The Precambrian/ Cambrian boundary is tentatively placed within the Garbyang Formation. A detailed correlation of the Lesser and Tethyan Himalayan sedimentary belts of the lndo-Nepal border region across the Kali River is attempted and discussed in this paper.
Geology and tectonics of the Central Crystallines of northeastern Kumaun Himalaya, India
Authors: Paul S. K.
Published: April 2021

Four major geo-tectonic domains are encountered in the northeastern Kurnaun Himalaya between the Ramganga and Kali rivers. These tectonic domains are: (1) Sedimentary Terrain of the south, (2) Lower Central Crystallines, (3) Upper Central Crystallines, and (4) Tethyan Supergroup in the north. The Sedimentary Terrain comprises of the Berinag, Damtha and Tejam groups. The Lower Central Crystallinel are divided into Rungling and Munsiari formations, separated by a thin lensoidal wedge of sedimentary sequence of the Sirdang Sedimentary Zone, which is the continuation of the Nawakot Complex in western Nepal. The rocks of the Nawakot Complex wrap around the Chhiplakot Crystallines of the Munsiari Formation in Nepal and join with the Berinag Formation in northeastern Kumaun region. The Munsiari Formation has been divided into Phalyati, Baram, Chhiplakot and Khet members.The Upper Central Crystallines are represented by the rocks of the Vaikrita Group, and form the basement for the Tethyan sedimentary sequence. The Vaikrita Group is divided into four formations namely Joshimath, Pandukeshwar, Pindari and Martoli. The Joshimath Formation is further subdivided into Dar and Sela members whereas the Martoli Formation is subdivided into Budhi Schist and Dugtu members.

The southern contact of the Munsiari Formation with the Lesser Himalayan sedimentary sequence forms a tectonic boundary designated as the Munsiari Thrust or MCT I. The southern contact of the Rungling Formation with the rocks of the Sirdang Sedimentary Zone forms another tectonic boundary designated as the Rungling Thrust or MCT II. The Munsiari Thrust (MCT I) has been interpreted to terminate near Chainpur in western Nepal at its branch point. The contact between the Upper Central Crystallines and the Lower Central Crystallines is designated as the Vaikrita Thrust or Main Central Thrust (MCT). The quartzite of the Berinag Formation exposed in the Sirdang Sedimentary Zone thrust over the Munsiari Formation along the Pangla Thrust. The northern part of the Martoli Formation of the Vaikrita Group is characterised by concordant relationship with the Ralam Conglomerate and also the Garbayang Formation of the Tethyan Super Group. Either side of this contact zone is characterised by a series of minor southward thrusts and associated shear planes, which are subsequently cut by a series of normal faults and related shear planes exhibiting down to the NE oblique slip displacement. The shear zone containing contractional and superposed extensional structures at the northern portion of the Vaikrita Group and at the basal part of the Tethyan Supergroup is designated as Tethyan Shear Zone.
Modified tension infiltrometer and its use to determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of upper vadose zone
Authors: Sattar Golam Shabbir
Published: April 2021

A modification of the CSIRO type tension infiltrometer was designed (designated UNCEL type) and tested. This infiltrometer is considerably cheaper, but more versatile, than any other infiltrometer reported so far. The modified infiltrometer was used in a reconstructed vadose zone to measure the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and effect of compaction associated with the upper vadose zone.

Hydraulic conductivity, a function of matric potential, is a fundamental property for water entry into the soil as well as in the upper vadose zone. Tension infiltrometer technique for determining unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, which is also a function of soil water pressure head, was compared with the existing techniques. The analysis of data from tension infiltrometer is based mainly on flow rate at steady-state condition. The steady-state measurement also enables to determine unknown parameters on the basis of at least two negative heads at the same location. This modified infiltrometer imposes pressure potentials at soil surface from 0.01 to 0.15 m of water, as a result macropores with an air entry value of less than applied tension are excluded. This is practically useful when investigating the influence of structure and compaction of upper vadose zone.

Measurement of infiltration at various negative pressure head, with a single disc diameter allowed sensitive measurement of hydraulic properties of upper vadose zone with minimal surface disturbance. The newly designed tension infiltrometer and adopted schemes of calculation enable to determine unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of upper vadose zone with relevance to structural effects more accurately.
Optimisation of aquifer parameters: a case study from Bheri Terai area, mid western Nepal
Authors: Kunwor Moti Bahadur
Published: April 2021

For the study of groundwater potential in any area, it is necessary to determine aquifer parameters as correctly as possible. The most effectively and popularly used tools in the field by groundwater geologists and engineers till today is old conventional curve techniques. A new approach is given to refine the aquifer characteristics by computer-assisted numerical techniques.

The computer-assisted techniques were used in the Bheri Terai area (Banke/Bardiya), mid western Nepal with an objective of studying the aquifer parameters more accurately with reference to the prevailing hydrogeological condition. Keeping in view of the nature and types of aquifer, an optimisation based model developed by Jageshwar (1985) has been adopted for estimation of aquifer parameters. The aquifer parameters in the study area have been evaluated by using both curve procedure and computer assisted numerical techniques. Parameters are optimised by minimisation of sum of the square of residues between computed and observed drawdown. The starting values of parameter for optimisation were generally assigned as per the available graphical procedures. The applicability of the model to the field data has been demonstrated by using the existing test pumping data of Bheri Terai area (GWRDB, 1979). The purposed model for the analysis of test pumping data yields significantly better reproduction of time drawdowns. The results of analysis of test pumping data indicate confined and leaky confined nature of deep aquifer. Majority of leaky aquifers show a declining nature of piezometric head in the overlying aquifer while, some of the confined aquifer shows finite nature in areal extent due to the presence of barrier boundary (most probably impervious clay?).
Landslide-dammed lakes: a case study of the Lamabagar and Chaunrikharka landslide deposits, Dolakha and Solukhumbu districts, eastern Nepal
Authors: Uhlir Christian F.
Published: April 2021

The Lamabagar and Chaunrikharka landslides occurred within the gneisses of the Higher Himalayan lithotectonic unit both about 10 km north of the Main Central Thrust (MCT). Both landslide deposits are in the range of 10 to 100 million m3 and show an abnormal long stability, which confirms that the big size, the cohesiveness of the material and quick siltation of the impoundment are the most important factors for the longevity of natural dams. The Lamabagar landslide dam (Fig. 1) with a height of about 300 m is standing since more than three generations and the impoundment is completely silted up. The relics of the early postglacial Cbaunrikharka landslide dam (Fig. 2) with a former height of about 100 m and the eroded lake sediments of the Gath-Phakting area exposes excellently its inventory. The most probably annually layered bottom-set sediments south of Gath indicate a lifetime of the dam of about 120 years. Terraces within the canyon of Chaunrikharka document a periodical downcutting of the dam. The stable landslide dam of Lamabagar represents a prospective site for a hydroelectric plant of about 30MW.
Science fiction nie mówi nam nic o przyszłości
Authors: Podruczna Agnieszka , Sikora Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Dr Agnieszka Podruczna prowadzi badania nad nurtem science fiction w anglojęzycznej literaturze postkolonialnej. Zajmuje się jednak specyficzną literaturą SF – nie tylko związaną z Ameryką Północną, ale również tworzoną przez niebiałe kobiety. Są to pisarki, które wywodzą się ze społeczności mniejszościowych, diasporycznych lub rdzennych. Sięgając do ich twórczości opisuje wątki, wokół których w sposób szczególny obraca się sci-fi, jak np. cielesność, niewolnictwo, wysiedlenia, poszukiwania domu i rozdarcia pomiędzy dwoma światami, które zwykle stawiają człowieka w sytuacji decydującego wyboru.
Inteligentne mieszkanie czy inteligentny mieszkaniec?
Authors: Stołpiec Katarzyna , Xięski Tomasz
Published: April 2021

Technologia smart, popularnie nazywana inteligentną, coraz częściej stosowana jest w różnych sferach naszego życia. Zdalne oświetlenie, system ogrzewania czy lodówka informująca, że zabrakło masła, to tylko nieliczne przykłady technologii smart, które coraz częściej stanowią podstawowy asortyment współczesnego domu.
Ocena skutków regulacji poselskiego projektu ustawy o statusie artysty zawodowego
Authors: Sobieraj Kamila
Published: April 2021

The author discusses the basic assumptions of the planned regulation of the professional artist’s status in Polish legal system, including: the establishment of the Polish Chamber of Artists, the rules and method of confirming and verifying the status of a professional artist, and defining the rights of these artists. The author states that in order to achieve the ratio legis of the Bill, the regulations of the act should guarantee the full independence, impartiality of the Chamber’s activities and the possession of expert competences by the members of the Council of the Polish Chamber of Artists.
Dopuszczalność skargi do sądu administracyjnego na bezczynność lub przewlekłe prowadzenie postępowania w przypadku braku odpowiedzi na interpelację, zapytanie oraz interwencję poselską
Authors: Bińkowska-Artowicz Beata
Published: April 2021

According to the author, a complaint to the administrative court in the discussed cases is not admissible. This thesis is justified by provisions of applicable law and jurisprudence of administrative courts. The provisions of the Act – Law on Proceedings before Administrative Courts indicate that a complaint against inactivity or excessive length of proceedings is admissible only in cases where a public administration body was obliged to issue decisions, rulings or other acts.