bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Business opportunities for Halal Products in the Global Market: Muslim Consumer Behaviour and Halal food Consumption
Authors: S Soesilowati Endang
Published: November 2019

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Social Networks and the Live Reef Food Fish Trade: Examining Sustainability
Authors: Radjawali Irendra
Published: November 2019

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Information and Communication Technologies and Poverty: The Telecentre Movement in Java
Authors: Santoso Widjajanti Mulyono
Published: November 2019

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The Bandung Spirit: Nation State and Democracy
Authors: Lay Cornelis
Published: November 2019

This article aims to show the relevance of the Bandung Asia Africa Conference in 1955 to the current debate on democracy. It argues that the Bandung Asian-African Conference was the second massive but wellcoordinated democratic movement on a global scale. It has paved the way for the production of new political space globally as well as for individual nations -- space that is more democratic in nature, where people can claim and exercise their citizenship rights. Re?ecting on Soekarnos speech at the opening of the Asia Africa Conference, this article argues that there is an urgent need for a deeper involvement of political and social forces of the Global South to put themselves as the front liners in defning and making use of democracy, instead of leaving it to be dictated by Neo-liberal lines of thinking. This is so because Indonesian experience during the last 15 years or so has clearly demonstrated the very limits of liberal democracy. This article further argues the need to build a collaborative e?ort amongst scholars of the Southern Hemisphere to challenge the superiority of liberal ideas and practices of democracy.
Beyond Ideology:China-Indonesia Engagement and the Making of the Guided Democracy, 1955-1959
Authors: Xie Kankan
Published: November 2019

Chinas engagement with Indonesia from 1955 to 1959 was neither ideologically oriented nor realpolitik, but somewhere in between. It happened not only because of the changing domestic political situations or completely subject to the shifting international environment, but was also closely associated with intrinsic social and historical issues that transcended geographical, ideological and ethnic boundaries within and across the two nation-states. To some extent, this e?ective engagement was not a result of Indonesias leaning towards the left, but a reason for itnot in the sense of direct political intervention, but through the pursuit of common identity and interest, which signifcantly shaped the making of Indonesias Guided Democracy.
Crisis in South Korea: From Social Theory to Practices
Authors: Pamungkas Cahyo
Published: November 2019

This article aims at describing the way the dimension of the social crisis is within the social sciences and humanities discourses, and the extent such a dimension is noticeable within the crisis reality in South Korea. Literature study of crisis for this study indicates that social crisis is, in theory, a general failure occurring in social life within a historical period, such a crisis produces collective distress generated by the incongruity between the ideas structure and the material structure. The crisis dimension consists of socio-political and socio-economic crises and natural disasters. Available data on the socio-political crisis reality in South Korea displays a fact that those theoretical dimensions are discernible within the Korean society's life since their colonial era until today.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER CHITIN-GLUCAN COMPLEX IN THE COMPOSITION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATING TYPES OF PAPER
Authors: Smirnova Ekaterina Grigor'yevna , Zhuravleva Nataliya Mikhaylovna , Kiesevetter Dmitriy Vladimirovich , Reznik Aleksandr Sergeyevich
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of experiments to improve the performance of insulating paper as a component of high-voltage paper-impregnated insulation by introducing the modifying additive into the paper mass. Environmentally safe and economically feasible method of obtaining modifying additives of the chitin-glucan complex of Aspergillus niger (A.n.) which is a large-tonnage waste production of citric acid is proposed. The modifying additive was introduced into the paper mass in an amount of 5–10% to the mass of absolutely dry fiber of sulfate insulating cellulose. The paper samples were subjected to accelerated thermal aging at 140 °C for 250 hours. The values of the short – term electrical strength of the samples with the modifying additive, both in the initial and in the aged state, exceeded the similar characteristic of the paper sample without additives. for the paper made of 100% cellulose after 250 hours of accelerated thermal aging the maximal mechanical tensile strength decreased by 2.1 times; for paper containing 5% HGC A.n. – by 1.5 times and for the insulating paper, which was introduced into 10% of the modifying additive, the specified parameter during the test has not changed. Comparative evaluation of the sorption activity of the cellulose component was carried out by determining the light transmission coefficient of transformer oil relative to the standard at the process of thermal aging. It was found that the modification of insulating paper by biopolymer also increases its sorption activity in relation to the products of destruction of paper-impregnated insulation components under the catalytic effect of copper.
THE EFFECT OF THE STEM ROT AT COMPOSITION AND CONTENT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN LEAVES OF BIRCH (BETULA PENDULA ROTH.)
Authors: Koltunov Yevgeniy Vladimirovich
Published: November 2019

Stem rot cause significant ecological and economic damage to forests. Affected stands are prone to windbreaks and windfalls. Value of wood and stability of stands are reduced. Despite intensive studies of resistance biochemical aspects to rotting diseases, role of phenolic compounds remains insufficiently clarified. The purpose of research was studying composition of phenolic compounds in birch leaves with a significant level of damage to the diameter of the trunk. Stem rot was determined by taking core from trunk. Biochemical composition of leaves determined by HPLC. There are 64 phenolic compounds was revealed. 24 factions identified, 45.83% of compounds in affected trees, content was increased. Flavonoids are prevail (63.64%). In 45.83% of compounds, content decreased. They had predominance of flavonoids (81.82%). All compounds possess antioxidant activity. They contain phenolglycosides, determining entomoresistance (arbutin, salicin, salidroside). The results showed that with significant infestation with rot, there is an increase in the content of phenolic compounds in the leaves, therefore, the biochemical processes of combating oxidative stress are activated. This is due to violation of physiological and biochemical processes in diseased trees.
CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE ABOVEGROUND PART OF SOME ONION SPE-CIES (ALLIUM L.)
Authors: Fomina Tat'yana Ivanovna , Kukushkina Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna
Published: November 2019

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the aboveground part of 11 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen), A. strictum Schrad. are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of consumer ripeness were analyzed and all indicators, except for the amount of ascorbic acid, were calculated on the mass of absolutely dry raw materials. It was established in onions a high content of dry substances (up to 25.1%), flavonols (up to 3.4%), tannins (up to 14.6%), pectin substances (up to 25.8%), sugars (up to 34.8%), ascorbic acid (up to 222.5 mg% ), carotenoids (up to 131.9 mg%); the content of catechins was insignificant, at the level of 0.04–0.15%, only in A. rosenbachianum – up to 0.56%. The contents of catechins, tannins, pectin substances in onions were determined for the first time. A high interspecific and individual variability of accumulation of biologically active substances was revealed. A. rosenbachianum, A. aflatunense, A. flavum, A. microdictyon have the greatest contents and relatively low indicators are in A. senescens var. glaucum. The species are promising for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia as early vitamin-bearing plants and as a source of various biologically active compounds.
THE COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF THE TRAGOPOGON ORIENTALIS VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Suleimen Yerlan Melsuly , Sissengaliyeva Gulsana Galimzhankyzy , Ishmuratova Margarita Yulaevna , Jalmakhanbetova Roza Ilemisovna
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is the chemical investigation of the composition of Tragopogon orientalis volatile constituents (VC) and studying of its biological activity.

This article presents the results of research on the study of the chemical composition of species Tragopogon, as well as data of antiradical and cytotoxic activity. To study the dried and crushed aboveground part of the plant (leaves, flowers and stems) was taken. The raw material was collected in the flowering phase, growing in Northern Kazakstan. The VC was isolated from the plant of Tragopogon orientalis by hydrodistillation method on the Clevenger type  apparatus. The chemical composition of the VC was determined by GC/MS.

The cytotoxic activity of the VC was determined by the survival rate of sea shrimp Artemia salina. VC of T. orientalis in all studied concentrations (1–10 mg ml-1) exhibit acute lethal toxicity - all larvae die. Antiradical activity was determined by the method of colorimetry of free radicals (DPPH). The experimental results showed that the VC of T. orientalis at all tested concentrations (0.1–1.0 mg ml-1) exhibit low antiradical activity compared with the butylhydroxyanisole standard drug.
FEATURES OF MICROELEMENTS ACCUMULATION IN ROSA ACICULARIS PLANTS
Authors: Afanasyeva Larisa Vladimirovna , Ayushina Tuyana Ayushievna
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the microelements (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cd) content and distribution in the aboveground and underground parts of the Rosa acicularis, grown in different ecological conditions in the Barguzinsky district (the Republic of Buryatia). Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of microelements. The highest concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, and Co are found in the roots of R. acicularis, Mn, Cr, Pb, and Cd in the leaves, and Fe in the sepals. The rows of metal accumulation in different plant parts have a similar sequence – Fe> Mn> Zn> Cu> Cr> Pb> Ni> Co> Cd. The different intensity of elements accumulation by plants from the soil was detected. It was show Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb and Cd transfer in vegetative parts of plants without barrier, while Zn, Cu, Ni, and Co are characterized by a barrier type of accumulation. Due to the high level accumulation of Mn, Cr and Co barriers can be used as a potential source of these elements.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR OBTAINING POLYSACCHARIDES FROM BIRCH LEAVES (BETULA PENDU-LA ROTH., BETULA PUBESCENS EHRH.)
Authors: Rovkina Kseniya Igorevna , Krivoshchekov Sergey Vladimirovich , Guriev Artem Mikhaylovich , Yusubov Mekhman Suleyman ogly , Belousov Mikhail Valer'yevich
Published: November 2019

The development of a complex technique for the extraction and purification of polysaccharides from birch leaves (Betula pendula Roth.,Betula pubescens Ehrh.) (PSfB) was the purpose of this study. The following characteristics were used as criteria for evaluating the effect of the parameters studied on the production of target substances: yield of PSfB (gravimetric method), protein content (spectrophotometric method), molecular weight distribution (high performance exclusion chromatography) and degree of purification from low molecular weight impurities (LMWI) (IR) spectroscopy).During the experiment, the optimal parameters were determined at various stages of obtaining the PSfB: degree of raw materials grinding – 1.2–3 mm, pH of the extractant (purified water with pH=7), the ratio of raw materials : extractant (1 : 20), extraction temperature (50 °C), temperature and degree of evaporation (50 °C; 4 times), the ratio of concentrate : ethanol (1 : 3) and the method of purification from the LMWI (ultrafiltration).The result of this work is an optimized method for obtaining PSfB, allowing to achieve high yield without loss of product quality (minimum allowable content of low molecular weight impurities with the highest content of high molecular weight fractions).This technique is the basis for the development of laboratory regulations for obtaining an active pharmaceutical substance based on polysaccharides from birch leaves.
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS ANALYSIS FOR A MULTI-STORY BUILDING STRUCTURE WITH FLOORS SLAB OF LONG-SPAN
Authors: Wang Hui , Yang Fang , Shen Bo , Ma Ke-jian , Zheng Tian-hong , Fan Yu-hui
Published: November 2019

To shorten the duration of construction and reduce the costs, identifying the number offloors supported by scaffolds is necessary to construct a multi-story building with the floors plate oflong-span open-web sandwich slab, composed of the upper and lower ribs, shear key, and surfacesheet. This study proposes a favorable method of two-stage construction support floors, namelythe construction stages I and II, by establishing their finite element models that consider the effectof the horizontal tube constraining the upright tube in scaffolds. Furthermore, to ensure accuracy ofthe model in construction stage II, the full-hall supports of the first floor in construction stage I areequalized to uniform surface loads, and then the two construction processes are simulated byconsidering the upright tubes of the scaffolds and the structure. Comparison of the two modelingresults with field-measured data shows that the equivalent methods of the upright tube and the fullhallsupports are feasible. In addition, for an open-web sandwich floor slab whose span is≤24.00m, only the full-hall supports of the floor can be retained if its lower floor is the basementroof; otherwise, the full-hall supports should be retained both on this floor and its lower one. Whenthe span of the floor slab is 39.00m and if the span of the lower two floors slab is ≤24.00m,reaching the concrete design strength, then the full-hall supports should be retained on this floorand the lower floor, and partial re-supports should be applied to the second lower floor.
Kutsal Aptallık ve Aptallar Festivali - Orta Çağ’da Bir Dini Festivalin Betimsel Analizi -
Authors: TURAN Süleyman
Published: November 2019

Bu makale “Aptallar Festivali” olarak isimlendirilen dinsel bir kutlamayı konu edinmektedir. İsa’nın sünnet oluşunun hatırlandığı 1 Ocak tarihinde Avrupa’nın birçok bölgesinde ve özellikle de Fransa’da her yıl gerçekleştirilen bu festival, yaklaşık olarak XI. yüzyılın sonundan XVI. yüzyılın sonuna kadar devam etmiştir. Festivalin kökleri Antik Roma’daki Saturnalia kutlamasına kadar geri götürülebilir. Festivalde rahipler ve kilise görevlilerinin hayvan ve canavar maskeleri taktıkları, kadın kıyafetleri giydikleri, evharistiya esnasında pıhtılaşmış domuz kanından yapılmış sosis yedikleri, altarda zar yuvarladıkları, aşırı içki içtikleri, kilise içerisinde koşup zıpladıkları, müstehcen ilahiler söyledikleri ve liturjinin sözleri ve şarkılarını tahrif ettikleri ifade edilmektedir. Kısaca ifade etmek gerekirse, festival her şeyi alt üst etmesiyle karakterize olmuştur. Kaynaklardan anlaşıldığı kadarıyla bu aşırı kutlama biçimiyle festival Kilise yetkilileri tarafından asla tasvip edilmemiş, aksine sınırlandırılmış, yasaklama yoluna gidilmiş ve nihayet XVI. yüzyılda da ilga edilmiştir. Ancak festivalin izlerinin günümüze kadar devam ettiği ve günümüzde kutlanan Mardi Gras gibi çeşitli festivallerin söz konusu izleri taşıdığı ve yansıttığı anlaşılmaktadır.
DOI-CODI II EXÉRCITO: A EXPERIÊNCIA DE PRESERVAÇÃO DE UM PATRIMÔNIO SENSÍVEL
Authors: LEAL NEVES DEBORAH REGINA
Published: November 2019

O DOI-CODI, em São Paulo (Brasil) foi um órgão de repressão que funcionou entre 1969 e 1983 e tinha como principal objetivo a perseguição a opositores da Ditadura Civil-Militar (1964-1985). Em 2010, um grupo de entidades de defesa dos Direitos Humanos solicitou a preservação dos prédios como patrimônio cultural do estado de São Paulo. O artigo tem como objetivo discutir o processo que levou à preservação do conjunto de edifícios, abordando os métodos de pesquisa, as discussões teóricas e os conflitos presentes neste caso emblemático.
Information Overload in CSR Reports in China: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Wu Danhong , Pupovac Sanja
Published: November 2019

This paper is an exploratory analysis of information overload in a sample of 15 Chinese companies from mining, manufacturing, finance, electricity and information technology industries. Using an adaptation of Dahlsrud’s (2008) five dimensional framework of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), we develop a longitudinal core information ratio analysis. Our findings suggest that while the length of the reports increased over the ten year period, the CSR information ratio, a measure of the proportion of the report comprising CSR disclosures, did not similarly increase. We argue that the driving force behind lengthy CSR reports is coercive pressure from the government and stock exchanges, and companies’ attempts to manage their stakeholders’ impressions. The results of this study have important implications for the Chinese government and Chinese stock exchanges as they consider ways to address and improve core CSR disclosures to be of greater value to users, rather than simply lengthier.
Board Gender Diversity and CSR Reporting: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Al Fadli Amer , Sands John , Jones Greg , Beattie Claire , Pensiero Dom
Published: November 2019

This study investigates whether board gender diversity influences corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in Jordan, where there are no gender board balance regulatory requirements. Data was examined from all non-financial Jordanian listed companies for the period of 2006 to 2015. This longitudinal data results in balanced panel data of 800 observations. A content analysis method was used to obtain the reporting index of CSR disclosure in the annual reports. Ordinary least square regression showed that the presence of female directors on a board has a significantly positive effect on the level of CSR reporting. The presence of female directors on the board appears to play a significant role in enhancing compliance with corporate governance best practices. These results provide motivations for companies to consider gender balance on boards. Further, these results reinforce the decision making of regulators in countries where policies have been adopted to increase female representation on corporate boards. In countries where no such regulation exists the inclusion of gender balance practices within boards of directors may increase the level of CSR reporting practices. This study can be considered as one of the few empirical studies that have evaluated the impact of board gender diversity on the level of CSR reporting in a context where there are no gender balance strategies or policies.
On Energy Balance and Production Costs in Tubular and Flat Panel Photobioreactors
Authors: Norsker Henrik , Barbosa Maria J. , Vermuë Mariam H. , Wijffels René H.
Published: November 2019

Reducing mixing in both flat panel and tubular photobioreactors can result in a positive net energy balance with state-of-the-art technology and Dutch weather conditions. In the tubular photobioreactor, the net energy balance becomes positive at velocities < 0.3 ms-1, at which point the biomass production cost is 3.2 €/kg dry weight. In flat panel reactors, this point is at an air supply rate < 0.25 vol vol-1 min-1, at which the biomass production cost is 2.39 €/kg dry weight. To achieve these values in flat panel reactors, cheap low pressure blowers must be used, which limits the panel height to a maximum of 0.5 m, and in tubular reactors the tubes must be hydraulically smooth. For tubular reactors, it is important to prevent the formation of wall growth in order to keep the tubes hydraulically smooth. This paper shows how current production costs and energy requirement could be decreased.
Searching for Bioethical Prescriptions in a Moral Lab
Authors: Soniewicka Marta
Published: November 2019

The paper reviews the book written by F.M. Kamm, entitled Bioethical Prescriptions: To Create, End, Choose, and Improve Lives (published in Oxford: Oxford University Press in 2013, pp. 599). Kamm is one of the most prominent analytical philosophers in moral philosophy, known from such works as Intricate Ethics (2007). She defends the rights-based approach to ethics and is also famous from constructing multilayered moral dilemmas. The review poses methodological questions, of whether scientific-like thought experiments performed in a moral lab, and the Method of Hypothetical Cases are able to transform our ethical dilemmas and provide any solutions. In the final part of the review, the first chapter of the book on Tolstoy’s essay (The Death of Ivan Ilych) is discussed in more detail.
Democratism of Dragojla Jarnević on the Example of her Diary
Authors: Odža Ivana
Published: November 2019

The paper analyses, in the context of Dragojla Jarnević’s Diary, the concept of democratism from the authoress’ viewpoint of the world regarding the liberal values that represent foundation of democracy. Considering the problems related to the issue of contemporary democracies eminent intellectuals of the 20th and 21st century have expressed a line of doubts and objections, thereby threatening the concept of democracy, or twisting democracy in its own contradictions. In retrospect, during Dragojla Jarnević’s lifetime and work, there was an evident complexity and ambivalence of disseminating liberal ideas in the area of today´s Croatia. Shaping and expressing of Dragojla Jarnević’s democratic views shows that it is possible to interpret democracy from different points of view – on the one hand, it is the best social model, on the other hand, it sometimes transforms in its contradiction. Certain contradictions are observed in Jarnević’s personality, however, her personality eventually reveals a brave and democratic (literature) subject.
Historycy piszą o współczesności. Rok niebezpiecznego zwrotu (2010) w ujęciu Georges’a Minka i Timothy’ego Snydera
Authors: Fiećko Jerzy
Published: November 2019

The author analyses the ways of depicting contemporary times in two monographs written by renown scholars: La Pologne au coeur de l’Europe. De 1914 à aujourd’hui, histoire politique et conflits de mémoire (Poland at the heart of Europe. From 1914 to the present day. Political history and conflicts of memory) and The Road to Unfreedom. Russia, Europe, America by Timothy Snyder. A particularly important date here is 2010, the year of the Smolensk air disaster, which in Poland gave rise to many false myths and manipulations of facts (described by both authors). Snyder chooses this year as a symbolic turning point within the global process of shifting from the mindset of “inevitability” towards the mindset of “eternity”. The second main characteristic of this way of thinking and acting is that truth and facts are replaced in the public discourse with fake news, fabrications, creating social divisions and stirring hostile emotions.
Simuliranje demokracije: emancipacija demokratske krize u esejistici Dubravke Ugrešić
Authors: Marot Kiš Danijela
Published: November 2019

One of the central notions of the post-Yugoslav literature is the status of democracy in national states formed after the breakup of Yugoslavia. From the perspective of the exile, not only as banishment, but also as a liberating outside view into the once common social, cultural and political space, the post-Yugoslav writers question the social democracy praxis in their former home states comparing it to the social practices in the states of their current residence. In her books of essays, Dubravka Ugrešić ironizes different forms of social ideology in Croatia from the beginning of nineteen-nineties. Her writing recognizes the standards of European democracy accompanied with the ideological view into the questions of social rights, religion and language as the stumbling block of modern society. Ugrešić describes democracy as a notion hiding different things: the praxis of ruthless capitalist exploitation, loss of media freedom, media manipulation, the censorship of corporate capitalism, production of lies, modern slavery... (Don’t take it personal, 2014), validating in her essays the importance of literature in disclosure of autocracy masked as democracy.
Adaptive immunity and skin wound healing in amphibian adults
Authors: Franchini Antonella
Published: November 2019

Regeneration and repair with scarring of the skin are two different responses to tissue injury that proceed depending on the animal species. Several studies in multiple organisms have shown that the effectiveness of tissue repair gradually decreases with age in most vertebrates, while the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the diverse potentials remain incompletely understood. It is clear, however, that immune system actively participates in the whole process and immune-related activities can mediate both negative and positive roles to influence the quality and diversity of tissue response to damage. Compared with innate immunity, our understanding of the significance of adaptive immune cells in normal repair outcome is limited and deserves further investigation. Here, experimental evidence supporting the contribution of lymphocytes and the involvement of lymphoid organs in skin wound healing are discussed, focusing on the findings emerged in adult amphibians, key animal models for tissue repair and regeneration research.
Some rarely reported deep-water macroalgal species from Bonaire, Caribbean Sea, including Verdigellas discoidea sp. nov. (Palmophyllaceae, Chlorophyta) based on submersible collections
Authors: Ballantine David L. , Brooks Barrett L. , Johnson Gabe P.
Published: November 2019

Two rarely reported and one newly described species of benthic marine algae are herein recognized from deep-water habitats at Bonaire, representing the first Caribbean reports of each. Archestenogramma profundum is previously known only from its type collection in Bermuda at 17 m depth and the rarely reported Halymenia integra is known originally from its type locality at Cabo Frio, Brazil. Verdigellas discoidea is newly described on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence. It forms flat circular thalli to 6.5 cm in diameter, measuring to 390 μm thick. The disc-like algae are attached by several small holdfasts on the ventral surface, but the margins are mostly free from their substrata.
Numerical Analysis on Effect of Additional Gas Injection on Characteristics around Raceway in Melter Gasifier
Authors: Kaiping Du , Xiangzhou Gao , Haibo Sun
Published: November 2019

The raceway plays an important role in the mass and heat transportation inside a melter gasifier. Considering that pure oxygen at room temperature instead of hot air is injected into the melter gasifier, a two-dimensional mathematical model at steady state is developed in the current work to describe the effect of the additional gas injection on the characteristics around the raceway in melter gasifier. The results show that a high-speed jet with a highest temperature above 3500 K could be found in front of tuyere. Furthermore, a small scale of gas flow circulation occurs in front of tuyere that results in a more serious thermal damage to tuyere. In order to decrease the gas temperature in the raceway to prevent the blowing-down caused by tuyere damage, the additional gas, including N2, natural gas (NG) and coke oven gas (COG) should be injected through the tuyere. Compared with N2, additional fuel gas injection gives full play to the high temperature reduction advantage of hydrogen. In addition, considering the insufficient hearth heat after injecting NG and the effective utilization of secondary resource, an appropriate amount of COG is recommended to be injected for optimizing blast system.
Unifying Gaussian LWF and AMP Chain Graphs to Model Interference
Authors: Peña Jose M.
Published: November 2019

An intervention may have an effect on units other than those to which it was administered. This phenomenon is called interference and it usually goes unmodeled. In this paper, we propose to combine Lauritzen-Wermuth-Frydenberg and Andersson-Madigan-Perlman chain graphs to create a new class of causal models that can represent both interference and non-interference relationships for Gaussian distributions. Specifically, we define the new class of models, introduce global and local and pairwise Markov properties for them, and prove their equivalence. We also propose an algorithm for maximum likelihood parameter estimation for the new models, and report experimental results. Finally, we show how to compute the effects of interventions in the new models.
Crystal structure of bis(hydroxydi(pyridin-2-yl)methanolato-κ3
N,N′O)cobalt(III) 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, C34H22CoN8O4
Authors: Huang Junjie , Lu Yang , Lu Hui , Sun Jianhua
Published: November 2019

C34H22CoN8O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.8423(10) Å, b = 8.8919(13) Å, c = 12.6319(18) Å, α = 104.743(2)°, β = 94.606(2)°, γ = 90.934(2)°, V = 740.30(19) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0369, wRref(F
2) = 0.1179, T = 296(2) K.
Oxalate formation during ClO2 bleaching of bamboo kraft pulp
Authors: Li Hailong , Du Chao , Ge Shujuan , Liu Mengru
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to investigate the oxalate formation mechanism during chlorine dioxide (

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

) bleaching of bamboo kraft pulp, and thus explore favourable

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

bleaching conditions to better control oxalate formation. The amount of oxalate formed varied linearly with

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

dosage within the whole research range, while it rose exponentially within the first 90 mins of pulp bleaching. Then the actual bleaching process was simulated by reacting

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

with three representative lignin model compounds and comparatively studied. The rule of oxalate formation in the simulated reaction system was identical to that in pulp bleaching by

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

, except for oxalate production by veratraldehyde with prolonged reaction time. Under identical conditions, vanillin formed the highest amount of oxalate, while veratraldehyde formed the least. Furthermore, the amount of oxalate formed increased by 19.59 mg/kg when the kappa number of the delignified pulp was reduced by one unit. Considering the satisfactory pulp brightness and decreased oxalate formation, the recommended conditions for

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

bleaching of bamboo kraft pulp were a

ClO

2

{\mathrm{ClO}_{2}}

dosage of 4 %, 60 °C and 70 mins.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ultrafine Ag/ZnO Nanotetrapods (AZNTP) for Environment Humidity Sensing
Authors: Sadeghi Babak
Published: November 2019

Ag/ZnO nanotetrapods (AZNTP) are prepared using silver (I)–bis (oxalato) zinc complex and 1, 3-diaminopropane (DAP) under a phase separation system. This crystal structure and lattice constant of the AZNTP was investigated by means of XRD, TEM, and UV-vis spectrum. AZNTP films with 23 nm in arm diameter and high surface activity work at room temperature as humidity sensors. AZNTP have shown some properties including quick response with high sensitivity, a longer life span and recovery, and no need for heat regeneration. Moreover, AZNTP could form OH group with physisorbed water in wet environments. The results of the present study demonstrated that the growth and characterization of AZNTP for environmental humidity sensing and DAP play an original role in the determination of particle morphology. Ultra-thin AZNTP has also been tested as a resistance sensor, having an unusual high sensitivity to moisture.
Mode of photoexcited C60 fullerene involvement in potentiating cisplatin toxicity against drug-resistant L1210 cells
Authors: Franskevych Daria , Prylutska Svitlana , Grynyuk Iryna , Pasichnyk Ganna , Drobot Liudmyla , Matyshevska Olga , Ritter Uwe
Published: November 2019

Introduction: C60 fullerene has received great attention as a candidate for biomedical applications. Due to unique structure and properties, C60 fullerene nanoparticles are supposed to be useful in drug delivery, photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer, and reversion of tumor cells’ multidrug resistance. The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms involved in photoexcited C60 fullerene-dependent enhancement of cisplatin toxicity against leukemic cells resistant to cisplatin.Methods: Stable homogeneous pristine C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (10-4 М, purity 99.5%) was used in the study. The photoactivation of C60 fullerene accumulated by L1210R cells was done by irradiation in microplates with light-emitting diode lamp (420-700 nm light, 100 mW·cm-2). Cells were further incubated with the addition of Cis-Pt to a final concentration of 1 μg/mL. Activation of p38 MAPK was visualized by Western blot analysis. Flow cytometry was used for the estimation of cells distribution on cell cycle. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) was estimated with the use of fluorescent potential-sensitive probe TMRE (Tetramethylrhodamine Ethyl Ester). Results: Cis-Pt applied alone at 1 μg/mL concentration failed to affect mitochondrial membrane potential in L1210R cells or cell cycle distribution as compared with untreated cells. Activation of ROS-sensitive proapoptotic p38 kinase and enhanced content of cells in subG1 phase were detected after irradiation of L1210R cells treated with 10-5M C60 fullerene. Combined treatment with photoexcited C60 fullerene and Cis-Pt was followed by the dissipation of Δψm at early-term period, blockage of cell transition into S phase, and considerable accumulation of cells in proapoptotic subG1 phase at prolonged incubation.Conclusion: The effect of the synergic cytotoxic activity of both agents allowed to suppose that photoexcited C60 fullerene promoted Cis-Pt accumulation in leukemic cells resistant to Cis-Pt. The data obtained could be useful for the development of new approaches to overcome drug-resistance of leukemic cells.
Perineural invasion, Gleason score and prostate specific antigen; is there any association?
Authors: Yazdani Mohammad , Karami Ali , Yazdani-Kachouei Emadeddin , Tadayon Farhad
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Prostatic cancer is one of the most common malignancies among males. Perineural invasion (PNI) is a common finding of prostate cancer associated with more aggressive malignancies. Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess the association of PNI with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Gleason score. Patients and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 354 known cases of prostatic cancer (2015 until 2017). Patients’ last PSA and Gleason score wit h presence/lack of PNI in their prostate biopsies were recorded. The association of PNI with PSA and Gleason score was assessed. Results: Serum level of PSA and Gleason core were significantly higher in patients with PNI (P< 0.001 for both). Gleason score was independently a predictor of PNI (odds ratio [OR]: 3.05, 95% CI:2.32- 4.001; P=0.001). Serum PSA level of 17 ng/mL had specificity of 90.3% and sensitivity of 42.7% for prediction of PNI. Conclusion: In this study we found, Gleason score is independently a prognostic factor of PNI among cases undergone prostate biopsy. In addition, serum PSA level of 17 ng/mL was 90.3% specific and 42.7% sensitive for PNI occurrence. However, our findings require further evaluations by larger studies.
Genetic association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of diabetic kidney disease; a meta-analysis
Authors: Lakkakula Bhaskar VKS , Khare Rajeev Lochan , Verma Henu Kumar , Pattnaik Smaranika
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive renal disease characterized by persistent albuminuria that leads to end-stage renal disease in both type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a major role in the onset and progression of DN. Objectives: The present meta-analysis is intended to synthesize evidence on the association between ACE gene insertion and deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism and the risk of DN. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Embase were searched to retrieve relevant publications. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and DN risk. The Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic were used to detect heterogeneity. To assess between-study heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to estimate publication bias. Results: Around 45 articles (47 studies) with 6124 patients of DN and 2492 T2DM patients (controls) were ultimately considered for meta-analysis. Overall, the ACE I/D polymorphism was associated with DN under three different genetic models (allelic model: OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.20- 1.49; P<0.001; dominant model: OR= 1.54; 95% CI: 1.31- 1.81; P<0.001; and recessive model: OR= 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19- 1.63; P<0.001). Significant heterogeneity (I2 > 50%) was present in the analysis for all ethnic groups. Further, there is no evidence for publication bias in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis provided confirmation that the ACE I/D polymorphism is correlated with an increased risk of DN in patients with T2DM and the D allele of ACE I/D was a susceptible factor.
Understanding Hot Workability and Flow Stress Prediction through Processing Map with Microstructural Correlation for HY85 Steel
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Rajput S. K. , Kumar Niranjan , Nath S. K.
Published: November 2019

In this study, the hot compression tests of HY85 steel have been experimented by using thermomechanical simulator Gleeble 3800 in hot compression temperature range of 750°C–1,100°C under strain rates between 0.001–10 s−1 up to true strain 0.7. It is worth noticing from the results that the flow stresses are dependent on the combination of temperature and strain rate. Adiabatic heating corrections of experimental flow stress data were carried out and were used to model stress-strain curves. The predictability of these stress-strain curves was confirmed from experimental results. True stress-true strain curves show the peak stresses followed by softening probability because of the existence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The apparent activation energy is calculated to be 360 KJ/mol using the sinh type constitutive equation, and it is observed that its value decreases with increasing strain. Hot compression of HY85 steel is controlled by dislocation climb and glide (n = 6.3). The processing maps are plotted based on different dynamic materials modeled with strain rate versus temperatures. The flow localization is one of the primary factors with resulting instability, which is revealed from the microstructure. Moreover, the partial DRX was noticed besides the grain boundaries and compression bands. Workability regions were identified using processing maps in the domain of strain rate and temperature and verified with microstructures.
Iloprost improves running performance at 5,000 m in Han but not in Tibetans
Authors: Kayser Bengt , Bang Jui-Lin Fan, Liya Nan, Wang Liang , Wu Bianba & Tianyi
Published: November 2019

Background: Tibetans experience lose less aerobic exercise capacity in hypoxia compared to lowland Han. We tested if inhalation of iloprost (to counter hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction) and furosemide (to decrease afferent vagal traffic from pulmonary receptors) improve performance in hypoxia in Han compared to Tibetans. Methods: 8 Tibetans and 8 Han, living at 2,260 m, did incremental uphill treadmill running to exhaustion at ambient pressure on day 1, followed by three runs at 5,000 m (hypobaric chamber) after inhalation of iloprost (ILO), furosemide (FUR) or placebo (PLA), on different days in a counter-balanced order. Results: In Han the performance decrement from 2,260 m to 5,000 m was greater than in Tibetans (p<0.05). In Han iloprost improved performance at 5,000 m compared to placebo (p<0.05 vs. PLA); furosemide had no effects. In Tibetans there were no treatment effects. Peripheral O2saturations at peak exercise at 5,000 m, were higher by ～8 % in the Tibetans (p<0.05 vs. Han). Maximum heart rate was lowered by 13±6 bpm in Han at 5,000 m regardless of treatment compared to 2,260 m (p<0.05). Tibetans reached similar maximum heart rates ∼200 bpmat 5,000 m and 2,260 m, independent of treatment. Conclusions: The blunting of the exercise impairment in severe hypoxia in Han during maximal exercise after inhalation of iloprost suggests that hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and right ventricular function are potential performance limiting factors in Han in hypoxia.
Green Energy from Garbage? A Case Study of Municipal Solid Waste’s Contested Inclusion in Maryland’s Renewable Portfolio Standard
Authors: Behrsin Ingrid
Published: November 2019

Renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) are powerful state-level climate policy tools that set minimum renewable energy targets. They have been adopted by 29 states, in the United States (U.S.) as well as Washington, D.C., and have fueled much of the growth in the U.S. renewable energy sector. However, because these policy tools are state-driven, the technologies and fuel types included in each state’s RPS vary. In this article, I discuss the inclusion of municipal solid waste in Maryland’s RPS, and a social movement for environmental justice that has emerged around this decision. Given the prominence of RPSs in both fueling renewable energy adoption in the U.S., as well as in encouraging particular technologies, it is increasingly important to interrogate the types of technologies and fuel sources that climate policies like RPSs incentivize, and how they are received by the communities for which they are proposed. Thus, this article’s objective is to inspire critical thought about the classification schemes that govern renewable energy production.
Risco biológico relacionado ao manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde na atenção domiciliar
Authors: Cordeiro Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa , Silva Magda Fabbri Isaac , Oliveira Adriana Cristina de , Canini Silvia Rita Marin da Silva
Published: November 2019

Objetivo: descrever o risco biológico relacionado ao manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde na atenção domiciliar. Métodos: estudo transversal descritivo que observou 231 visitas domiciliares. As visitas foram realizadas por 15 profissionais de enfermagem de um serviço municipal de atenção domiciliar. Resultados: durante as visitas domiciliares foram gerados Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde, sendo 49,5% do grupo A, 35,0% do D e 15,5% do E. Observou-se não conformidades no acondicionamento dos Resíduos do Grupo A e E. Os resíduos do grupo E foram descartados em recipientes rígidos em 83,9% das visitas, porém em 37,5% das visitas foram descartados em recipientes rígidos próprios para essa finalidade. Conclusão: durante as visitas domiciliares foram gerados resíduos de serviços de saúde, do grupo A, D e E. No descarte e manejo do grupo A e D, observou-se que não foram acondicionados em sacos plásticos apropriados; no grupo E, foram descartados em recipiente rígido.
Effect of Pelvic Rocking Exercise Using the Birth Ball on Fetal Lie, Attitude, and Presentation
Authors: Supriatiningsih  , Herlina  , Wulandari Lusia Asih , Retno Sri Nowo , Kanedi Mohammad
Published: November 2019

Objectives: For decades, scholars have debated the benefits of exercise during pregnancy. Birthing ball exercise is the latest among the antenatal exercises which pregnant women commonly perform in Indonesia. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate whether pelvic rocking exercise using the birth ball is effective in correcting the fetal lie, presentation, and attitude in the late third trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: To this end, pregnant women (n=114) enjoying the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into intervention (who were assigned to perform pelvic rocking using the birth ball) and control (without exercise) groups. Fetal lie, attitude, and presentation before and after the trials were determined in both groups by performing the abdominal palpation of Leopold’s maneuver. Results: Based on the results, the intervention group showed a higher proportion of fetus with flexed attitude (P<0.001) as compared to the control group. In addition, 49.1% of women in the intervention group indicated longitudinal lie compared to 29.8% of those in the control groups (P<0.001). Finally, 56 out of 57 women in the intervention group demonstrated head presentation whereas only 45 out of 57 women in the control group showed the same presentation (P<0.01). Conclusions: Overall, it is suggested that pelvic rocking exercises using the birth balls are useful for maintaining lies, fetal attitudes, and presentations and thus it is worth recommending for pregnant women.
Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the Quality of Life in Infertile Women During Treatment: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Rahimi Elahe , Attarha Mahtab , Majidi Abed
Published: November 2019

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the quality of life of infertile women during the treatment. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted on 40 infertile women admitted to the clinics of Arak, Iran. They were selected through a convenience sampling technique and were randomly assigned to intervention (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL) Questionnaire was used as a data collection tool, which was completed before and one month after the intervention. The counseling group was provided with eleven 90-minute sessions of ACT twice a week. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS 23 through the chi-square test and independent samples test. Results: Based on the results, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the quality of life in ACT and control groups before and one month after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusions: In general, it seems that ACT improves the infertile women’s quality of life and this treatment can be used for alleviating the quality of life of these women taking into account the high incidence of infertility.