bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXTREME SHIĪSM AND SOME EXTREME VIEWS APPLIED TO THEM
Authors: SANCILI Fatih
Published: November 2021

Erken dönem aşırılık yanlısı Şiî gruplar Gāliyye ismi altında tasnif edilmişlerdir. Ehl-i Beyt imamlarının söylemlerinden memnun olmayan ve yeni bir politika değişikliğine ihtiyaç hisseden bu gruplar mücadelelerini imâmeti kendi liderlerine
intikal ettirerek yapmaya kalkışmışlardır. Devrimci olan bu grupların sadece kendi stratejik hesapları üzerinden yaptıkları bu yönlendirme İmâmî, iktidar ve Sünnî çevreleri hoşnut etmemiş ve bir tehdit unsuru olarak görülmüştür.
Onların bu hizipçi tutumlarını ifade eden Gāliyye ismi, ilk kez hicrî II. yüzyılda İmâmî yazarlar tarafından imâmeti Hüseyin soyunun dışına çıkaran grupların tasnifinde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Hicrî III. asırdan itibaren kavramın
anlam çerçevesi genişletilerek yeniden belirlenmiştir. İmâmeti Hasan soyu ve Muhammed b. el-Hanefiyye soyu dışına çıkaran gruplar da bu kavrama dâhil edilmiştir. Süreç içinde kavramın kapsam alanı daha da genişletilmiş, aşırı fikir
söyleyen tüm gruplar onlardan kabul edilmiştir. Ancak Gāliyye ismi zihinlerde genel olarak aşırı fikirler söyleyen gruplar için kalmıştır. Bu son tanımlama Gāliyye’nin İslâm dışına çıktığı iddiasını içermektedir. Bu kısa izahta
görüldüğü üzere onların cemaatten dışlanması problem olarak gözükmektedir. Bu çalışmada erken dönem Aşırı Şiîlik ve onlara izafe edilen bazı aşırı görüşler izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Böylece muhalifleri tarafından siyaseten
engellenemeyen bu gruplara aşırı fikirler isnat edilerek cemaat dışına çıkarılmak istenmesinin nedeni daha net bir şekilde anlaşılmış olacaktır.
THE VARIABLES AFFECTING LEARNING SUCCESS OF STUDENTS IN PIANO EDUCATION
Authors: ÖMÜR Özlem
Published: November 2021

İçinde bulunduğumuz yüzyıl, farkındalığı yüksek, üretken, yaratıcı ve mutlu bireyler yetiştirmeye gereksinim duymaktadır. Bunu sağlamak, ancak eğitim aracılığı ile mümkündür. Günümüz toplumlarında eğitimde, öğretmeye fazla odaklanıp,
insanı ikinci plana atan bir anlayışın hüküm sürdüğü görülmektedir. Oysa eğitim sürecinde bilişsel, sosyal ve psikolojik değişkenlerin insanı nasıl etkilediğini ve bu değişkenlerin başarıya nasıl yansıdığını bilmek son derece önem
taşımaktadır. Toplumlara, yaratıcı düşünebilen, motivasyon sahibi ve üretken bireylerin kazandırılmasında, sanat eğitimi ayrı bir yer tutar. Sanat eğitiminin temel öğelerinden olan müzik eğitiminde piyano eğitimi, vazgeçilmez bir
ana unsurdur. Piyano eğitiminde de öğrencilerin piyano çalma performanslarını olumlu-olumsuz etkileyecek pek çok değişken bulunmaktadır. Önemli olan, öğrencilerin başarısı üzerinde belirleyici olduğu düşünülen bu değişkenlerin
bilincinde olmak ve eğitime olumlu yönde yansımasını sağlamaktır. Araştırmada; yaş ve kişilik yapısı, korku ve kaygı, motivasyon, anne-baba tutumları, öğretmen davranışları ile çalışma alışkanlıkları adı altında belirlenen değişkenler
üzerinde durulmuş, bu değişkenlerin piyano eğitim sürecinde öğrenme başarısına etkileri ele alınmıştır.
MODERN LEADERSHIP THEORIES
Authors: Selahattin YOLCU Faruk , OZAN Mehmet Seyda
Published: November 2021

Günümüzde kuruluşlar iş süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesi ve sürdürülebilir gelişimin yakalanabilmesi bağlamında yönetsel süreçlerinin etkililiğine daha fazla yoğunlaşmaktadır. Yönetsel süreçlerde değişimi, başarıyı ve atılımı sağlayacak
unsur arayışında liderlik olgusuna verilen önem her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda liderlik üzerine teoriler geliştirilmekte, düşünürler iş odaklı etkili liderliğe ulaşma noktasında varsayımlar ortaya koymaktadır. Modern
dönem liderlik teorileri arasında, Dönüşümcü Liderlik Teorisi, Lider-Üye Değişimi Teorisi, Hizmetkâr Liderlik Teorisi ve Otantik Liderlik Teorisi kabul görmektedir. Bu teoriler liderliğin, oluşum sürecine, temel niteliklerine,
içerdiği unsurlara, etkililiğine ve sürdürülebilirliğine ilişkin varsayımlar içermektedir. Teoriler temelde organizasyonlar için liderlik süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesi odağını paylaşmaktadır. Çalışmada işlenen modern dönem liderlik
teorilerine, düşünürleri ve içerdiği unsurlar bağlamında yer verilmiştir. Bu unsurların organizasyonlara sağlayacakları katkılar ve oluşturdukları riskler, güçlü ve zayıf yönler üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
USER GENERATED CONTENT AND MEDIA PREFERENCES OF INDIVIDUALS ON DIGITAL MEDIA
Authors: MADEN İsmail , KIRIK Ali Murat
Published: November 2021

Dijital teknolojilerle birlikte kişiler arası iletişim ve kitle iletişim iç içe geçmeye başlamış, izleyiciler kendi mesajlarını üretip bu mesajları kitlelere yayabilir hale gelmişlerdir. 2000li yıllardan itibaren sosyal medya platformları
ve bu platformların toplam kullanıcı sayıları hızla artmış, bugün milyarlarla ifade edilen kullanıcı sayılarına ulaşmışlardır. İçerik üreten kullanıcılar bu platformlar üzerinden hem kitlelere ulaşabilme hem de gelir elde edebilme
imkanına sahip olmuşlardır. Bu çalışmada kullanıcıların medya tercihleri araştırılmıştır. Hangi kullanıcıların hangi konularda hangi medya platformunu tercih ettikleri, bu platformlar üzerinde içerik üretip üretmedikleri, ürettikleri
içerikler karşılığında gelir elde edip etmedikleri ve dijital platformlara ödeme yapıp yapmadıkları incelenmiştir. Çalışma verileri çevrim içi ortamda 1112 kişi ile yapılan anket sonucunda elde edilmiştir.
THE EXAMINATION OF SYRIAC CULTURE AND MUSIC; SYRIAC PSALMS IN TERMS OF MAQAM AND AESTHETICS
Authors: TAŞÇEŞME Hande , KARAKOÇ Berat Talat
Published: November 2021

Aynı topraklar üzerinde yaşayan pek çok etnik köken, gelenek-görenek, örf ve adetleri bakımından birbirlerinden ayrılmaktadırlar. Bize düşen görev, araştırmacı kimliğimiz ile birlikte, toplumlara kimliğini kazandırmış fakat kaybolmaya
yüz tutmuş olan gelenekleri hatırlatıp, gün yüzüne çıkartabilmektir. Müzik tarihsel ve bilimsel olarak toplumların kültürel değerlerini yansıtmada en etkili araç olmuştur. Bu görüşten yola çıkarak tarihin en eski dönemlerinden
bu yana Türklerle iç içe yaşayan Süryanilerin Kültürü ve Müziği kültür-müzik bağlamında araştırmamıza konu alınmıştır. Çalışmamız kültür-müzik etkileşimini, Süryani kültürü ve müziği örneği üzerinden sunmayı, aynı zamanda örnek
olarak seçilen Süryani İlahilerini makamsal ve estetik açıdan incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmamız Süryani İlahilerinden dört eser ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Eserlerin estetik analizi yapı ve biçim üzerinden estetik unsurlar temel
olarak yapılmıştır.
E-COMMERCE IN THE WORLD AND TURKEY: A DESCRIPTIVE EVALUATION
Authors: ÖZBEK Sefa
Published: November 2021

Günümüzde elektronik ticaret (e-ticaret) tüm işletmelerin, devletlerin ve kişilerin kullandığı bir ticaret türü olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bilgi-iletişim sektöründe yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte son yıllarda e-ticaret, hem üreticiler
hem de tüketiciler için vazgeçilmez hale gelmiştir. Aynı zamanda işletmelerin uluslararası pazarlarda faaliyet gösterebilmesine imkan sağlayan e-ticaret, internet teknolojisinin yaygınlaşmaya başlaması ile birlikte tüm dünyada
geleneksel ticaretin yerini almaya başlamıştır. 1990’lı yıllar ile birlikte geleneksel ticaretin yanında e-ticaret yaygınlaşmaya başlamış, mal ve hizmet arz edenler ile talep edenler, internet aracılığıyla alışveriş yapma imkanı
bulmuştur. Özellikle Covid-19 pandemi döneminde yüksek işlem hacimlerine ulaşan e-ticaret, dünyada ve Türkiye’de önemli bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada son dönemde yüksek işlem hacimlerine ulaşan e-ticaret kavramı tanıtılarak
tarihi gelişimi ortaya konmaktadır. E-ticareti etkileyen faktörler üzerinde durularak, güncel veri setleri ile e-ticaretin hem küresel çapta hem de Türkiye özelinde gelişimi incelenmektedir.
Evaluación de dos procedimientos de medición de color en granos de maíces pigmentados
Authors: Salinas-Moreno Yolanda , Ramírez Díaz José Luis , Alemán de la Torre Ivone , Bautista Ramírez Edgardo , Ledesma-Miramontes Alejandro
Published: November 2021

El grano de maíz con pigmentos tipo antociano, no presenta una coloración homogénea en su superficie, por lo que la forma de presentar el grano para tomar la lectura de color afecta los resultados. En este trabajo se compararon dos formas de tomar la lectura de color en muestras de grano de colores diversos. Se emplearon muestras de grano de color azul morado (AZM), rojo cereza (RC), rojo ladrillo (RL), amarillo (AM) y blanco (BCO), este último como testigo. Los dos procedimientos para medir la coloración del grano fueron: montado sobre una base de plastilina, simulando como se encuentra en la mazorca (GMP) y grano en charola (GCH). El color se determinó con un colorímetro Hunter-Lab Mini Scan. En los colores de grano AZM, RC y RL el procedimiento para tomar la lectura de color afectó las variables de color. En los maíces AZM, las diferencias se presentaron tanto en la luminosidad, como en hue y croma, en los RC y RL fue la variable hue la más afectada. En los maíces de grano AM y BCO, los valores de luminosidad, hue y croma fueron numéricamente cercanos entre las dos formas de tomar la lectura de color en el grano. De acuerdo con los resultados, en los maíces AZM, RC y RL el color debería tomarse en el GMP, para obtener valores en las variables de color, que se relacionan con la apreciación visual de color, en tanto que en los maíces de grano AM y BCO el procedimiento para tomar la lectura, si bien afecta las variables de color, el valor de hue corresponde con la apreciación visual del color.
Competitividad del tomate rojo de México en el mercado internacional: análisis 2003-2017
Authors: Montaño Méndez Iliana Enriqueta , Valenzuela Patrón Iván Narcizo , Villavicencio López Kennia Valeria
Published: November 2021

En México el sector agropecuario contribuye con cerca de 3.4% del PIB nacional, sobresaliendo la actividad hortofrutícola con 45% de las exportaciones del sector, donde el tomate rojo representa 8.41%. México es el principal proveedor a nivel mundial de este producto con una participación de 19% de las exportaciones mundiales por arriba de España o Países Bajos. El objetivo es determinar la competitividad del tomate rojo de México en el mercado internacional mediante la ventaja relativa de exportación (VRE) y la participación constante de mercado (CMS). Se encontró competitividad del producto mexicano en el mercado estadounidense y una alta concentración de mercado, enviando 98% de las exportaciones de tomate rojo mexicano hacia ese destino.
Caracterización morfológica de accesiones de Moringa oleífera provenientes del sur-sureste de México
Authors: Ruiz Hernández Rafael , Pérez Vázquez Arturo , García Pérez Eliseo , Landeros Sánchez Cesáreo , Morales Trejo Fredy , Soto Hernández Ramón Marcos
Published: November 2021

La Moringa oleifera es una planta con gran capacidad de adaptación a diferentes condiciones edafoclimáticas. Los factores ambientales influyen en la morfología y fenología de esta especie. El objetivo fue caracterizar la morfología de 20 accesiones de Moringa oleifera provenientes del sur-sureste de México. Las semillas fueron recolectadas en cultivos comerciales de los estados de Veracruz, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Chiapas y Yucatán. Las semillas fueron sembradas en contenedores y se trasplantaron dos meses después de su germinación en campo con un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA). Cada siete días se registraron las variables cuantitativas y a los 301 días después del trasplante se evaluaron los descriptores morfológicos. Se observó que la accesión C2 presentó el mayor crecimiento (273 cm). La accesión Y2 presentó un diámetro de 43.22 mm y la accesión Y3 presentó 54 hojas. Se encontró una alta variación en el tamaño de la hoja, color de la flor y tallo e inicio de floración. El análisis de componentes principales identificó tres grupos. El análisis de componentes principales (PCA) mostró que los primeros cinco componentes explican 99.21% de la variación total y que los componentes 1 (52.87%) y 2 (37.54%) contribuyen con 90.41%. Del análisis de conglomerados resultaron tres grupos con 0.76 de similitud, basado en la similitud euclidiana. La diferenciación morfológica de los diversos accesos de moringa permitió corroborar diferenciación varietal y la necesidad de instrumentar un programa genético de conservación, selección y fitomejoramiento de moringa en el sur-sureste de México.
Descripción y análisis de productores de café de la región Mixe, Oaxaca
Authors: García-Domínguez José Uriel , Villegas Yuri , Duran-Medina Elvira , Carrillo-Rodríguez José Cruz , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora María , Castañeda-Hidalgo Ernesto
Published: November 2021

Diagnósticos sobre los integrantes de sectores productivos agrícolas proveen información para generar estrategias y políticas públicas que les fortalezcan, acordes a sus contextos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir y analizar a productores de café con base en aspectos sociales, productivos, económicos y su percepción sobre la cafeticultura. La información se obtuvo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas entre noviembre de 2018 y marzo de 2019 a productores (n= 40) de la región Mixe, Oaxaca escogidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. La información se analizó con estadística descriptiva, análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos, prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, χ2 de Pearson y análisis de componentes principales. Los resultados mostraron que los productores desarrollan la cafeticultura con desventajas sociales, económicas y productivas donde la inversión en renovación de cafetal (χ2= 0), superficie en producción (χ2= 0), venta de café (χ2= 0), percepción sobre la cafeticultura como opción productiva (χ2= 0.001), edad de los productores (χ2= 0), años de experiencia (χ2= 0) y el grado de educación (χ2= 0) explican la conformación de productores inconformes (37.5%), indecisos (22.5%) y conformes (40%). Los productores presentan carencias sociales, productivas y económicas que se manifiestan en una cafeticultura de subsistencia, agroecosistemas que tienden a disminuir su agrobiodiversidad, con estrategia parcial de plagas y enfermedades, y estructuras comerciales deficientes que orillan a una percepción sobre esta actividad productiva donde la mayoría está inconforme e indecisa.
Métodos de Griffing: revisión sobre su importancia y aplicación en fitomejoramiento convencional
Authors: Saavedra Guevara Claudia , Pérez López Delfina de Jesús , González Huerta Andrés , Franco Martínez J. Ramón Pascual , Rubí Arriaga Martin , Ramírez Dávila José Francisco
Published: November 2021

La estimación de parámetros genéticos en plantas y animales es de gran relevancia en las ciencias agropecuarias y biológicas. En este contexto, los efectos y varianzas de aptitud combinatoria, la heredabilidad, la heterosis, la respuesta a la selección, la identificación de progenitores y cruzas simples sobresalientes, así como la predicción de híbridos de mayor producción y calidad, depende del tipo de diseño de apareamiento y experimental elegido. En este estudio se analizan las cuatro metodologías de Griffing con relación a las de Hayman y Jinks y Gardner y Eberhart; se subrayan las suposiciones consideradas en éstas y se comentan las similitudes que existen entre ellas. Se incluyen los ocho modelos matemáticos que Griffing discutió y que frecuentemente se utilizan para aplicar algún paquete estadístico, se citan algunas investigaciones realizadas en la última década, y se sugieren algunos softwares para su análisis genético-estadístico.
Applying Constructivism in Neurodiverse Classrooms
Authors: Choi Seoyoon Eunie , Lee Sun
Published: November 2021

Cognitive development theories differ on how young students can meaningfully process new information and retain that information for future knowledge-building through scaffolding within their zone of proximal development. More traditional theories like the cognitive load theory adhere to the rote memorization approach by categorizing students as passive learners and the teachers as initiators who provide information in a structured, often rigid format, to be stored and retrieved for future application using their working memory. In contrast, the more progressive theories, like constructivism, are premised on the belief that students should proactively initiate their own learning while teachers act more as facilitators. The current trend in government policy under ESSA is to embrace the latter approach in the classroom, which is also more inclusive of all types of students, especially neurodiverse students. Moreover, teachers can utilize the wider range of assistive technology tools to accommodate and support their students’ unique learning styles.
Pengaruh Kitosan Terhadap Karakterisasi Hidrogel Film PVA Untuk Aplikasi Pembalut Luka
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto
Published: November 2021

Pegembangan hidrogel sebagai bahan pembalut luka telah banyak mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti. Salah satu jenis hidrogel film yang telah banyak dikembangkan adalah Polyvinyl Alkohol (PVA) hidrogel film. Tingkat penyerapan air dari hidrogel ini masih rendah. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidrogel perlu ditambahkan zat lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kitosan terhadap karakterisasi Polyvinyl Alkohol (PVA) hidrogel film. Formulasi konsentrasi kitosan 0% sampai 15% dan diradiasi untuk mendapatkan hidrogel ikat silang dengan menggunakan radiasi gamma ray dengan dosis 40 KGy. Karakteristik yang diukur meliputi fraksi gel, rasio swelling, sifat mekanik ( tensile strength dan elongation ). Struktur kimia diukur dengan menggunakan Frourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Dan bentuk morfologi hidrogel dianalisis menggunakan Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai fraksi gel menurun dengan bertambahnya kandungan kitosan sedangkan rasio swelling sebaliknya semakin meingkat. Kekuatan hidrogel cenderung menurun dilihat pada kuat tarik dari 30 N/mm2 menjadi 7,2 N/mm2 dan persen elongasi dari 480,57% sampai 224,79%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kitosan dapat meningkatkan rasio swelling hidrogel. Walaupun hanya rasio swelling yang meningkat tetapi dilihat dari fraski gel dan kuat mekanik ( tensile strength dan elongation) masih memenuhi persyaratan untuk pembalut luka sehingga hidrogel PVA/kitosan dapat digunakan untuk aplikasi pembalut luka.
Inconferibilità amministrativa e conflitti di interesse
Authors: Calcagnile Massimo
Published: November 2021

L’inconferibilità amministrativa è stata introdotta nel nostro ordinamento a seguito della legge n. 190 del 2012 recante disposizioni per la prevenzione e la repressione della corruzione e dell’illegalità nella pubblica amministrazione. Si tratta di un istituto innovativo da non assimilare alle più note figure della ineleggibilità e della incompatibilità. L’inconferibilità amministrativa, oltre a determinare un ventaglio di requisiti per l’accesso alle cariche pubbliche, rappresenta un limite normativo alla discrezionalità delle nomine pubbliche fiduciarie perché esclude a priori la designazione di soggetti che, trovandosi in determinate condizioni ostative personali, potrebbero compromettere un adeguato esercizio delle funzioni pubbliche in condizioni di imparzialità. La presente monografia, declinando le fattispecie normative dell’inconferibilità amministrativa, illustra anche la correlazione tra questo istituto e le altre misure destinate a scongiurare i conflitti di interesse nell’organizzazione e nell’attività amministrativa.
PEMANFAATAN ALGORITMA FUZZY NAIVE BAYES DALAM PEMILIHAN BIDANG KEAHLIAN MAHASISWA TEKNIK INFORMATIKA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM LAMONGAN
Authors: Fuad Nurul
Published: November 2021

Salah satu faktor yang dapat menentukan kelancaran mahasiswa dalam menempuh perkuliahan dengan baik adalah pemilihan bidang minat yang sesuai dengan kemampuan mahasiswa, artinya jika mahasiswa dalam menentukan pilihan jurusan sesuai dengan bidang keahliannya maka dipastikan tidak akan ada kesulitan untuk mengembangkan diri dalam proses perkuliahan.oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini dengan memanfaatkan dua algoritma, yaitu Fuzzy dan Naive Bayes untuk menentukan bidang keahlian mahasiswa. Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika mempunyai kesempatan dalam memilih bidang keahlian, yaitu: bidang keahlian jaringan, pemrograman, dan desain. Mahasiswa tidak semua akan menguasai bidang keahlian tersebut, sehingga harus memilih sesuai skill, hoby dan mata kuliah kesukaan, dan nilai. Penelitian ini akan membuat system untuk mengklasifikasi bidang keahlian mahasiswa teknik informatika UNISLA. Algoritma yang diimplimentasikan, yaitu Fuzzy untuk mengkategorikan dari nilai atau inputan angka, sedangkan Naïve Bayes digunakan untuk klasifikasi.Kata Kunci: Naive Bayes, Fuzzy,Bidang Keahlian
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI TRAVELING SOCIAL MEDIA DENGAN SCRUMS
Authors: Septianto Tri
Published: November 2021

As an application developer usually needs to do project management to work on a project. Project management is a strategy used to complete a project. Project management methods vary greatly. One of them is the scrums method. This method prioritizes individual tasks, then delegates those tasks to the team members who are considered the most appropriate for completing those tasks. The application of the Scrums method is iterative or repeated using a different backlog. In this study the Scrums method is applied in the development of social media application projects such as Instagram but is more specific in traveling activities. The development of this project was given a time of work for seven weeks. So in this study we documented all the processes in the Scrums method that we carried out in order to be a reference in making application strategies.
A Call for a Rational Polypharmacy Policy: International Insights From Psychiatrists
Authors: Nakagami Yukako , Hayakawa Kohei , Horinouchi Toru , Pereira-Sanchez Victor , Tan Marcus P.J. , Park Seon-Cheol , Park Yong Chon , Moon Seok Woo , Choi Tae Young , Avasthi Ajit , Grover Sandeep , Kallivayalil Roy Abraham , Rai Yugesh , Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Chongsuksiri Pavita , Udomratn Pichet , Kathriarachchi Samudra T. , Xiang Yu-Tao , Sim Kang , Javed Afzal , Chong Mian-Yoon , Tan Chay-Hoon , Lin Shih-Ku , Inada Toshiya , Murai Toshiya , Kanba Shigenobu , Sartorius Norman , Shinfuku Naotaka , Kato Takahiro A.
Published: November 2021

Objective Recently, rational polypharmacy approaches have been proposed, regardless of the lower risk and cost of monotherapy. Considering monotherapy as first-line treatment and polypharmacy as rational treatment, a balanced attitude toward polypharmacy is recommended. However, the high prevalence of polypharmacy led the Japanese government to establish a polypharmacy reduction policy. Based on this, the association between the policy and psychiatrists’ attitude toward polypharmacy has been under debate.Methods We developed an original questionnaire about Psychiatrists’ attitudes toward polypharmacy (PAP). We compared the PAP scores with the treatment decision-making in clinical case vignettes. Multiple regression analyses were performed to quantify associations of explanatory variables including policy factors and PAP scores. The anonymous questionnaires were administered to psychiatrists worldwide.Results The study included 347 psychiatrists from 34 countries. Decision-making toward polypharmacy was associated with high PAP scores. Multiple regression analysis revealed that low PAP scores were associated with the policy factor (β=-0.20, p=0.004). The culture in Korea was associated with high PAP scores (β=0.34, p<0.001), whereas the culture in India and Nepal were associated with low scores (β=-0.15, p=0.01, and β=-0.17, p=0.006, respectively).Conclusion Policy on polypharmacy may influence psychiatrists’ decision-making. Thus, policies considering rational polypharmacy should be established.
The Effect of Suicide Prevention Education on Attitudes Toward Suicide in Police Officers
Authors: Ko Yujin , Youn HyunChul , Lee Soyoung Irene , Lee Jeewon , Lee Areum , Kim Shin-Gyeom
Published: November 2021

Objective This study investigated the effect of suicide prevention education on attitudes toward suicide among police officers.Methods We used an anonymous questionnaire for 518 officers and surveyed the demographic profiles and examined attitudes toward suicide utilizing the Attitudes Towards Suicide Scale (ATTS) (1=totally agree, 5=totally disagree). Our study divided participants into two groups, based on whether or not they had received suicide prevention education, and examined the differences in attitudes toward suicide between the groups.Results Of the total population, 247 (47.7%) officers had received suicide prevention education. The education group thought suicide as a predictable matter, disagreeing significantly more with the ATTS factor ‘suicide is unpredictable’ (3.36 vs. 3.35; p=0.001) compared with the no education group. Also, the education group more perceived suicide as a cry for help and at the same time disagreed more with the notion ‘suicidal thoughts will never disappear’ (2.08 vs. 2.26; p=0.025, 3.2 vs. 3.05; p=0.035, respectively).Conclusion Officers with experience in suicide prevention education showed more positive attitude toward suicide and suicide prevention. These findings suggest a need to organize more opportunities of suicide prevention educations, such as making the training mandatory for police officers.
Childhood Emotional Abuse Is Associated With the Desire to Get Married and Have Children in Korean Young Adults
Authors: Lee Jeewon , Kim Shin-Gyeom , Youn HyunChul , Lee Soyoung Irene
Published: November 2021

Objective Young adults putting off marriage and having less children have become recent trends in many modern societies. Yet less is known about the psychological factors underlying the drastically low marriage and fertility rates. We hypothesized that childhood maltreatment experience may have a negative association with one’s marriage and childbearing intention.Methods A total of 1,004 college students (mean age of 20.8±2.3 years, 56.1% female) completed self-questionnaires including sociodemographic information, marriage and childbearing intention, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of childhood trauma on marriage and childbearing intentions after controlling for sociodemographic variables and depression.Results 29.7% had no intention to get married and 40.4% had no intention to have children in the future. The prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse was 33.1%, 18.5%, and 22.3%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that female (p<0.001), poor health status (p=0.001), and childhood emotional abuse (p=0.01) were independent predictors of no desire to get married. Female (p<0.001), poor health status (p<0.001), and childhood emotional abuse (p=0.038) were also predictors of no desire to have children.Conclusion Childhood emotional abuse may be the most damaging form among other types of childhood maltreatment because it can occur more pervasively and persist for a longer period, causing extensive damage to a child’s emotional, social and cognitive development. Raising awareness regarding the life-long consequences of childhood emotional abuse and the need to prevent and detect childhood emotional abuse should be emphasized.
Supervision oder selbst beauftragte Organisationsentwicklung?
Authors: Gschosmann Adalbert
Published: November 2021

Der Kommentar hinterfragt einerseits die in der Fallschilderung dargelegte machtvolle Kontraktund Settinggestaltung des Supervisors sowie die damit verbundene Auftraggeber-BeraterBeziehung. Andererseits wird die eigene Ambivalenz des Kommentators im Umgang mit der Beraterautorität als möglicher Hintergrund der Kritik dargelegt und (Selbst-)Zweifel als notwendiges Korrektiv supervisorischer Macht thematisiert.
Замещенный глипролин ГЗК-111 сохраняет антигипоксическую и анксиолитическую активность при пероральном введении
Authors: Колясникова Ксения Николаевна , Поварнина Полина Юрьевна , Кузнецова Елена Александровна , Аляева Анна Григорьевна , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: November 2021

Недавно в НИИ фармакологии имени В. В. Закусова был сконструирован и синтезирован замещенный дипептид этиловый эфир N-фенилацетилглицил-L-пролина (ГЗК-111), метаболизирующийся in vivo до цикло-пролилглицина (ЦПГ), идентичного эндогенному циклонейропептиду. ГЗК-111 при внутрибрюшинном введении грызунам обладал всеми активностями, характерными для ЦПГ (ноотропной, анксиолитической, антигипоксической, нейропротективной и анальгетической) в дозах от 0,1 до 5 мг/кг. В настоящей работе показано, что ГЗК-111 сохраняет фармакологические эффекты и при пероральном введении. Антигипоксическую активность ГЗК-111 при пероральном введении проявляет в дозах 10 и 30 мг/кг на мышах на модели гипоксии с гиперкапнией. Анксиолитическую активность ГЗК-111 при пероральном введении проявляет в дозе 40 мг/кг на крысах в тесте приподнятого крестообразного лабиринта. Сохранение фармакологических эффектов замещенного дипептида ГЗК-111 при пероральном использовании важно для его развития в качестве нового потенциального препарата для лечения хронических заболеваний.
Камерное моделирование кинетики 188Re-пентафосфоновой кислоты в организме крыс с костной мозолью
Authors: Матвеев Александр Викторович , Петриев Василий Михайлович , Тищенко Виктория Константиновна
Published: November 2021

Фосфоновые кислоты, меченные рением-188, являются перспективными остеотропными радиофармацевтическими препаратами (РФП) для терапии костных метастазов. Цель работы — разработка камерной математической модели кинетики 188Re-пентафосфоновой кислоты и расчет на ее основе фармакокинетических параметров транспорта в организме экспериментальных животных в норме и с костной патологией. Разработана камерная модель кинетики и предложено два подхода к идентификации транспортных констант модели — через функционал невязки и с помощью аппроксимации моноэкспоненциальными функциями. Установлено, что наличие костной мозоли существенно влияет на биораспределение 188Re-пентафосфоновой кислоты во внутренних органах и тканях. У крыс с мозолью бедра для всех костных тканей значения транспортных констант выведения в 10 раз ниже, а биологических периодов полувыведения — в 5 раз выше, чем у интактных крыс. Наибольшие уровни активностей реализуются в костях, мозоли бедра, почках и печени. Таким образом, результаты камерного моделирования и математические расчеты фармакокинетических параметров количественно подтвердили существенное изменение в биораспределении исследуемого РФП у крыс с костной патологией по сравнению с интактными крысами.
Numerical Analysis of Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching and Non-Stretching Bullet-Shaped Object
Authors: Ali Mohammed , Alim Md. Abdul
Published: November 2021

The two-dimensional axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow with heat transfer of Newtonian fluid over a stretching and non-stretching bullet-shaped object has been investigated. Therefore, fluid flow and heat transfer have been investigated in two types of flow geometries such as the thicker surface and the thinner surface of the bullet-shaped object. The present analysis also focuses on the physical relevance and accurate trends of the boundary layer profiles which are adequate in the laminar boundary layer flow. The novelty of this current work is to discuss the effect of shape and size (surface thickness parameter s) and the stretching factor of the bullet-shaped object on the fluid velocity and temperature profiles within the boundary layer region also develop the relationship between the dependent and independent parameters by the correlation coefficient. The partial differential equations of momentum and energy have been reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations along with the transformed boundary conditions by applying the local similarity transformations. These coupled non‐linear ordinary differential equations’ governing the flow field has been solved by the Spectral Quasi-Linearization Method (SQLM). The numerical analysis of the SQLM has been carried out with MATLAB for investigating the effect of various controlling parameters on the flow fields. The residual error infinity norms have been analyzed to determine the speed of convergence and accuracy of the method. The numerical results have been displayed graphically and in tabular form and the physical behavior of the problem also discussed. The investigation shows that in the case of a thicker bullet-shaped object the velocity profile does not approach the ambient condition asymptotically but intersects the axis with a steep angle and the boundary layer structure has no definite shape whereas in the case of a thinner bullet-shaped object the velocity profile converge the ambient condition asymptotically and the boundary layer structure has a definite shape. It is also noticed that thinner bullet-shaped object acts as good cooling conductor compared to thicker bullet-shaped object and the wall friction can be reduced much when thinner bullet-shaped object is used rather than the thicker bullet-shaped object in both types of non-stretching or stretching bullet-shaped object . Keywords: forced convection, correlation coefficient, multiple regression, MHD, stretching
MAKALAH MANAJEMEN STRATEGI
Authors: Farid Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Catatan terkait dengan tugas makalah manajemen strategi perusahaan
Material Scaffolds in Numbers and Time
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: November 2021

The present paper develops a framework for interpreting Upper Paleolithic artifacts from an analysis of material complexity, numeration systems, and timekeeping using cultural categorizations (Hayden & Villeneuve, 2011), insights on the emergence of number terms in language (Menninger, 1992), and the astronomy practices of 33 contemporary hunter–gatherer societies (Yale’s Electronic Human Relations Area Files World Cultures database). Key findings: (1) an absence of societies with minimal material complexity and later-stage numeration systems, suggesting that material scaffolding may be important to realizing explicit number concepts, (2) the consistency of material complexity with both early- and later-stage numeration systems, emphasizing that material complexity may precede and inform the development of complexity in numeration systems, (3) the compatibility of astronomical practices with the spectrum of complexity in material culture and numeration systems, suggesting that the awareness of time may precede both, and (4) the increasing quantification of time consistent with greater material and numeration complexity, suggesting the availability of numbers as a cognitive technology may enable the structuring of time. These findings suggest that astronomy originates in the ability to estimate and infer contextual relations among natural phenomena and transitions from these natural associations to material representations and cognitive technologies that mediate conceptual apprehensions of time as a substance that can be quantified. Given that artifacts may act as scaffolds for explicit concepts of numbers and numbers scaffold explicit concepts of time, prehistoric artifacts such as the Blombos Cave beads (ca. 75,000), Abri Blanchard and Cellier artifacts (ca. 28,000), and Taï plaque (ca. 14,000) may represent similar scaffolding and conceptual development in numbers and time. It is proposed that the prehistoric societies making these artifacts possessed, in addition to material complexity, the abilities to express quantities in language and to use material externalization and cognitive technologies. Further, the Abri Blanchard artifact is proposed to represent externalized working memory, a very modern interaction between mind and material culture.
On the Nature of Numerosity and the Role of Language in Developing Number Concepts: A Reply to Everett
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A. , Coolidge Frederick L.
Published: November 2021

We respond to Caleb Everett’s (2013) critique of our 2012 Current Anthropology article “Numerosity, Abstraction, and the Emergence of Symbolic Thinking.” We refute Everett’s criticisms, including his claim that we overemphasized paleoanthropological evidence in our argument, noting that recent experimental research in numerical cognition comprised 60% of our references. We also identify two key misunderstandings by Everett, first, the idea that numerosity is not uniform in extant Homo sapiens (we believe that experimental findings, including those of Everett himself, demonstrate that quantity perception is cross-culturally uniform) and second, the idea that language necessarily shapes human numerosity (in fact, the two are largely independent cognitive processes, and the evidence shows that numerosity, as a perceptual primitive, precedes language, not the other way around as argued by Everett). We note our focus on the fundamental question of how discrete quantities emerge out of the undifferentiated ‘many’, given numerosity, and reiterate our 2012 suggestion that the answer lies in the interaction of quantity appreciation with material scaffolds.
The Cultural Challenge in Mathematical Cognition
Authors: Beller Sieghard , Bender Andrea , Chrisomalis Stephen , Jordan Fiona , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Saxe Geoffrey B. , Schlimm Dirk
Published: November 2021

In their recent paper on “Challenges in mathematical cognition”, Alcock and colleagues (Alcock et al. [2016]. Challenges in mathematical cognition: A collaboratively-derived research agenda. Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2, 20-41) defined a research agenda through 26 specific research questions. An important dimension of mathematical cognition almost completely absent from their discussion is the cultural constitution of mathematical cognition. Spanning work from a broad range of disciplines – including anthropology, archaeology, cognitive science, history of science, linguistics, philosophy, and psychology – we argue that for any research agenda on mathematical cognition the cultural dimension is indispensable, and we propose a set of exemplary research questions related to it.
Apatite as a tracer for magmatic-hydrothermal ore-forming processes
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Karvinen S. , Heinonen A. , Beier C.
Published: November 2021

This project focuses on the trace element chemistry of igneous apatite in various magmatic systems with the use of in situ analytical techniques. The composition of apatite may possibly be used as a tracer for various magmatic-hydrothermal processes due to the breadth of chemical substitutions possible within the structure. Apatite is found in many mineralized layered intrusions as a minor phase. Apatite may be utilized in the tracking of metasomatic fluids in layered intrusions or in geochronological studies in the absence of other commonly used phases i.e. zircon. Apatite accumulations can be exploited economically for phosphorus and possibly for rare earth elements as well.
Association of Ultrasonography and Ultrasound-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Dev Binit , Yadav Ajay Kumar , Taparia Sushil , Khadka Roshana , Walavalkar Shripad J
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Ultrasound (USG) is the most commonly used imaging method to evaluate thyroid nodules. The sonographic features of thyroid nodules are very important to determine whether the nodule is benign or malignant. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is the gold standard to determine whether the nodule is benign or malignant.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare ultrasound and color Doppler features of thyroid nodules with ultrasound-guided FNAC results to determine the relative importance of these features in predicting the risk of malignancy.

Methodology: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Birat medical college teaching hospital in Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal. The study was conducted from September 2019 to April 2021.  In total sixty-one patients with thyroid nodules were evaluated for sonographic characteristics. Finally, USG guided FNA for cytopathological examination was performed. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the result.

Results: Out of the 61 patients, 34 (55.7%) were females and 27 (44.2%) were males. Majority of the malignant nodules were solid 11 (91.6%), whereas cystic and mixed nodules were predominantly seen in benign nodules 18 (36.7%) and 30 (61.2%) respectively. In malignant nodules 10 (83.3%) were heterogeneous and 2 (16.6%) were isoechoic. In benign nodules 29 (59.1%) were heterogeneous and 15 (30.6%) were anechoic with comet-tail artifact and 5 (10.2%) were isoechoic. Among 12 malignant cases, internal and peripheral vascularity were equally present in six cases each. Benign nodules showed peripheral vascularity in 48 (97.9%) and internal vascularity was noted in only one nodule. All of the malignant nodules showed calcification. None of the benign nodules showed micro-calcification. In malignant cases, cervical lymph nodes were present in 7 (58.3%) and absent in 5 (41.6%). In benign cases, cervical lymph nodes were present in 4 (8.1%) and absent in 45 (91.83%).

Conclusion: The ultrasound features associated with malignancy in thyroid nodules are predominantly solid component, presence of micro-calcifications and internal vascularity. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes are good predictors for malignancy. USG guided FNAC confirms the suspicious features of thyroid nodules seen on USG.
Pengenalan Spesies Ikan Berdasarkan Kontur Otolith Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Darmanto Heri
Published: November 2021

Hasil sensus kehidupan laut pada tahun 2013 di seluruh dunia terdapat lebih dari 23.000 spesies dan masih banyak sekali spesies ikan yang belum diidentifikasi. Otolith merupakan organ yang sangat penting di belakang telinga ikan, karena melalui otolith ini dapat diketahui jenis ikan, pertumbuhan dan lingkungan, serta sejarah kehidupannya,  misalnya, umur, reproduksi, dan migrasi. Dengan semakin  canggihnya komputer dan pengolahan di bidang citra,  diharapkan  kemampuan  mengidentifikasi jenis  ikan  yang dimiliki oleh manusia bisa diadopsi  dan diterapkan pada perangkat komputer. Deep Learning saat ini semakin berkembang memanfaatkan sumber daya perangkat keras yang semakin canggih termasuk penggunaan GPU (Graphical Processing Unit) untuk perhitungan proses komputasi dengan akurasi yang lebih baik dan proses yang lebih cepat. Pada penelitian ini metode yang diusulkan, untuk keperluan klasifikasi ikan menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network dengan teknik Transfer Learning dari model Alexnet dan optimasi Momentum Stochastic Gradient Descent. Hasil eksperimen diperoleh akurasi sebesar 95.4% lebih tinggi dibanding metode Discriminant Analysis yang memiliki akurasi sebesar 92%.
Psoriasis: visión general
Authors: Hidalgo Solís María Jesús , Víquez Redondo Karla Francini , Meneses Carvajal Mariana
Published: November 2021

La psoriasis es un trastorno crónico inmunitario que se desarrolla posterior a la exposición de una injuria en la piel; ya sea traumática, medicamentosa o infecciosa, en personas genéticamente predispuestas.  Se presenta de forma clásica como placas confluentes eritematosas, escamas micáceas con bordes bien delimitados, sin embargo, existen otras formas clínicas cutáneas. Más allá de la afectación de la piel la psoriasis también se asocia con una serie de manifestaciones sistémicas e importantes comorbilidades médicas y psiquiátricas, que incluyen artritis psoriásica, enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes, depresión y ansiedad. Su tratamiento depende de la severidad del cuadro clínico que va desde preparaciones tópicas hasta tratamientos sistémicos, sin olvidar el manejo multidisciplinario de sus comorbilidades.
Dolor agudo en el servicio de urgencias
Authors: Diaz Mena Francela Isabel , Flores Castro Ariadna Jazmín
Published: November 2021

El dolor en el servicio de urgencias se ha estudiado desde hace algún tiempo debido a la cantidad de consultas por esta causa. La respuesta fisiológica del dolor es producto del daño tisular que se experimenta, generando una respuesta química produciendo un impulso eléctrico, para finalmente percibir el dolor. Durante el abordaje en el servicio de urgencias es importante realizar una historia clínica completa y detallada con material de apoyo necesario. Actualmente el manejo del dolor debe ser visto de manera multidisciplinaria tanto desde el punto de vista farmacológico y no farmacológico. Siendo los AINES los medicamentos de primera línea para el manejo del dolor agudo, esto dependiendo de la etiología del dolor, en la presente revisión bibliográfica nos enfocamos en los medicamentos más utilizados y disponibles en nuestros centros de salud pública.
The mb=5.4 Katav-Ivanovsk Earthquake (Urals) on 04 September 2018
Authors: Dyagilev Ruslan A. , Verkholantsev Filipp G. , Varlashova Yuliya V. , Shulakov Denis Yu.
Published: November 2021

Ruslan A. Dyagilev, Filipp G. Verkholantsev, Yuliya V. Varlashova and Denis Yu. Shulakov report on the mb=5.4 Katav-Ivanovsk Earthquake in the Ural Mountains on 04 September 2018.
Visegrádi Négyek környezetgazdálkodásának és fenntartható mezőgazdaságának elemzése
Authors: Bartl Bianka , Stankovics Petra , Soós Gábor , Simon Brigitta
Published: November 2021

Tanulmányunkban az Európai Unió környezetpolitikáján belül a Visegrádi Négyek Nemzeti Energia-és Klíma Terveinek (NECP) 2021-2030 közötti időszakra vonatkozó vállalásait elemezzük, különös tekintettel a Land Use, LandUse Change and Forestry (LULUCF) szektorra. A vizsgálataink alapján elmondható, hogy az uniós célok eléréséhez az országok hozzájárulási hajlandósága alacsony vagy szerény ambícióval rendelkezik. A NECP keretében a Visegrádi Négyek LULUCF-fal kapcsolatos megvalósítási terveik között jelentős különbségek jelennek meg. Az erdőgazdálkodással kapcsolatosan Csehországban az elkövetkező években az új erdők telepítésén lesz a hangsúly, míg Magyarország esetében inkább a nagyobb mennyiségű fakitermelés lesz a jellemző. Emellett Szlovákia kiemelkedő mennyiségű erdő általi szénmegkötési tervezetet mutatott be. Míg Lengyelország esetében kötelező szénmegkötési mértékről rendelkeztek az erdőgazdálkodási tervben. (NECP, LULUCF, környezetpolitika, emisszió-kereskedelmi rendszer (ETS))
PENGARUH MOTIVASI, PERILAKU DAN PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MEMILIH BANK SYARIAH DI ACEH TAMIANG
Authors: Febi Febi , Iqbal Muhammad , Hamid Abdul , Mastura
Published: November 2021

This study aims to look at the inﬂ uence of motivation, behavior and understanding of community decisions in choosing islamic banking, this study uses non-probability sampling technique through purposive sampling method with a sample of 84 people, not all populations can be sampled with certain considerations. the results of this study that motivation has a positive and signiﬁ cant effect on people’s decisions in choosing Islamic banks, behavior has a positive and signiﬁ cant effect on people’s decisions in choosing Islamic banks and understanding has a positive and signiﬁ cant effect on people’s decisions in choosing Islamic banks both partially and simultaneously. Based on the coefﬁ cient of determination, it can be concluded that motivation, behavior, and understanding inﬂ uence community decisions by 0.471 or 47.1%, while the remaining 52.9% is inﬂ uenced by other variables not included in this study.