bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЦЕННОСТИ В МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ СРЕДЕ: ДОМИНАНТЫ В ВОСПРИЯТИИ МУЖЧИН И ЖЕНЩИН
Authors: Зимовина Елена Павловна
Published: October 2023

Цель исследования — выявить доминанты в восприятии ценностей молодыми мужчинами и женщинами.

Методологической основой исследования послужила эволюционная теория модернизации Р. Инглхарта и К. Вельцеля, авторы которой разработали систему измерения ценностей.

Результаты исследования. Для молодых людей доминирующими ценностями являются семья, любовь, дружба, свобода, справедливость, материальный достаток. Значение имеют и такие духовные ценности, как доброта, милосердие, терпимость, честь. Список первостепенных ценностей у мужчин и женщин включает семью, родителей, безопасность, здоровье, однако дальше приоритеты начинают расходиться. При характеристике устаревших и еще не сформированных ценностей были отмечены четкие отличия: многие молодые женщины критиковали патриархальные устои и институт брака, актуализировали вопросы равенства и свободы, говорили о необходимости толерантного и беспристрастного отношения к людям разных взглядов. Мужчины относились к данным темам нейтрально, больше обращая внимание на социальные вопросы и прессинг общественного мнения. Основываясь на результатах проведенного исследования и соотнося их с основными положениями эволюционной теории модернизации, можно сделать вывод, что система ценностей молодежи представляет собой сочетание традиционных и секулярно-рациональных ценностей.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ОБРАЗА ЗНАЧИМОГО ДРУГОГО У ПОКОЛЕНИЯ Z
Authors: Капанян Нина Николаевна
Published: October 2023

Целью исследования является социокультурный анализ влияния социальных сетей на молодежь, относящуюся к поколению Z, c акцентом на формирование образа значимого другого, являющегося важным агентом социализации. В контексте данной цели выполняется анализ социологического опроса, проведенного среди студентов вузов и колледжей, относящихся по своим демографическим характеристикам к поколению Z.

Методологическую базу исследования образуют концептуальные подходы теории социализации, теории символического интеракционизма и теории поколений, сложившиеся в зарубежной и отечественной социологии. Их совмещение дает возможность проследить влияние социальных сетей на формирование образа значимого другого у поколения Z, формирование которого определено переносом всех форм коммуникации, производства, хранения и трансляции информации в медийное пространство.

Результаты исследования. Социокультурный анализ влияния социальных сетей на формирование образа значимого другого, выполненный на основе анализа данных, полученных в ходе проведения социологического опроса студентов ЮРГПУ (НПИ) и ЮФУ, показал, что образ значимого другого, представленный в социальных сетях популярными блогерами и другими известными личностями, привлекателен только для пятой части респондентов, для большей же части таргетивной аудитории, несмотря на их креативность и занимательность, популярные блогеры и известные личности не выступают в качестве значимых других, модели поведения и стиль жизни которых становятся для молодёжи примером для подражания.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейший социокультурный анализ влияния социальных сетей на поколение Z c акцентом на формирование значимых других в контексте тезаурусной теории.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ БЕЖЕНЦЕВ ИЗ АФГАНИСТАНА В ТАДЖИКИСТАНЕ
Authors: Рязанцев Сергей Васильевич , Гарибова Фарзона Майбалиевна
Published: October 2023

Целью исследования является выявление проблем интеграции и адаптации беженцев из Афганистана в Таджикистане. Большое внимание уделено социально-экономическому положению беженцев в стране.

Методологическую базу исследования представляют общенаучные методы исследования (аналитический, системный, компаративный анализы), методы социологического исследования (анализ материалов, документов и др.).

Результаты исследования. Выявлено, что часть афганских беженцев из-за общности культуры и языка, близости границы, а также упрощенной системы получения визы и статуса беженца для своего дальнейшего пребывания выбирают Таджикистан. За последние годы идёт тенденция к увеличению притока беженцев из Афганистана в Таджикистан. И, как правило, беженцы сталкиваются с проблемами при интегрировании в новое сообщество. С помощью контент-анализа средств массовой информации удалось выяснить, что в Вахдате проживает основная доля беженцев, но, несмотря на это, таджики и афганцы живут здесь мирно, поскольку отсутствует языковой барьер. Кроме того, местное население и беженцев здесь объединяет одно — недостаточное количество средств для существования и отсутствие рабочих мест. Также удалось выявить некоторые успехи беженцев, например, афганский беженец, открыл курсы для афганцев и таджиков в Вахдате, где они могут учить английский язык, научиться шить, рисовать и многое другое.

Перспективы исследования заключаются в детальном анализе социально-демографического портрета беженцев из Афганистана. Исходя из результатов статьи, можно говорить о том, что неспокойная обстановка и беспорядки в Афганистане вынуждают эмигрировать из страны все больше людей. Особую актуальность имеют вопросы касательно интеграции и адаптации мигрантов. В дальнейшем востребованным становится более детальное изучение социально-экономического положения мигрантов, их интеграция и адаптация на территории Таджикистана.
Jovens diante da morte: experiências de sobreviventes de acidentes de trânsito e tentativas de homicídios
Authors: Borges Bianca Ferreira , Martins Alberto Mesaque
Published: October 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Ainda hoje, a morte é um tema tabu, fortemente associado ao envelhecimento. Contudo, é preocupante o número de jovens que se envolvem em situações inesperadas, como os acidentes de trânsito e as tentativas de homicídio, levando-os a se depararem com sua finitude. OBJETIVO: compreender e analisar a experiência de jovens sobreviventes de acidentes de trânsito e tentativas de homicídios. MÉTODO: Foram realizadas entrevistas narrativas com oito jovens, com idade entre 19 e 29 anos, que residem no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e que se sobreviveram a acidentes de trânsito ou tentativas de homicídio. As entrevistas foram orientadas por um roteiro semiestruturado e foram analisadas na perspectiva da Análise de Conteúdo. RESULTADOS: O discurso dos jovens entrevistados aponta para as implicações existenciais das mudanças impostas pelas intercorrências, sobretudo a partir dos impactos que elas causaram, alterando tanto suas rotinas como também a forma como pensavam e viviam. Além disso, essa experiência também trouxe implicações na percepção da imagem corporal, além de mudanças em outros âmbitos da vida dos entrevistados, como o trabalho, os estudos, bem como as relações familiares e de amizade, que também foram afetadas. CONCLUSÃO: Faz-se necessária uma maior compreensão dessas experiências, com o intuito de contribuir com elaboração de estratégias em saúde para ajudar esses jovens a lidarem com as consequências das ocorrências que, muitas vezes, são graves e permanentes.
REGARDING THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROVISIONS OF PARTS THREE AND SIX OF ARTICLE 111-1 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   National academy of Security of Ukraine Service, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tyschenko E. F.
Published: October 2023

Ukrainian scholars argue that until 2014, research of collaborationism in Ukraine was mostly related to the events of the Second World War and was studied by historians rather than lawyers. The historical aspects of collaboration and responsibility for it during and after the Second World War are covered in hundreds of monographs, doctoral and PhD dissertations, other academic publications, articles and theses at scientific forums. Since 2014, due to the aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine, the matter of responding to this phenomenon has arisen, by regulatory means as well. However, the attempts to standardize legislation on collaboration activities were incomplete, the drafts had vague wording, and there was no clear distinction between types and forms of collaboration. The adoption of the Law on Collaboration, which supplemented the Criminal Code of Ukraine with Article 1111 , took place after the full-scale invasion by the russian federation in Ukraine on February 242022. There were several draft laws, but the choice of the final version took place in conditions of shortage of time, the text of the article of the Code, as it turned out later, was not flawless. Purpose of the article – is to focus the attention of scientists and practitioners on certain inaccuracies, contradictions, gaps and discrepancies existing in the dispositions of Art. 3 and 6 Art. 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and formulate proposals for their professional discussion and further consideration of the possibility of taking into account the improvement of the text of this article of the Code. The main result of the study is the comprehension that collaboration activities for a long time will constitute a significant social and legal problem in the state and society. In this regard, in order to fulfill the tasks of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, scientific research of its various forms will remain relevant for a long time. While studying the content of Art. 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine certain inaccuracies and contradictions were distinguished in the text of the Criminal Code. 3 and 6 of this article; gaps in domestic legislation regarding the definition of certain concepts, which forces law enforcement officers to interpret them; inconsistencies in the terms used in Art. 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, with the terms used in the legislation of Ukraine and international regulations.
RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF PROTECTING WEAPONS AND MILITARY TECHNIQUES AGAINST BARGAINING AMMUNITIONS
Authors:   Odessa military academy, Mamich V.V. , Maksimenko Yu.A. ,   Odessa military academy, Popov S.A. ,   Odessa military academy, Selyukov O.V. , Sharshatkin D.Yu. ,   Odessa military academy
Published: October 2023

This work considers the possibilities of protecting weapons and military equipment from barrage ammunition. The main approaches to the modern classification of barrage munitions are revealed, it is noted that in the zone of hostilities of the aggressor country Russia against Ukraine, unmanned aerial vehicles and barrage munitions of various types and modifications are constantly used to destroy weapons and military equipment. It was noted that with the development of modern technologies, it became possible to manufacture unmanned aerial vehicles with smaller dimensions, but with better capabilities for conducting constant reconnaissance, delivering massive surprise strikes using barrage ammunition, which made it much more difficult to fight them with air defense means and forces. In this work, it is noted that scientific and technical progress has not bypassed unmanned aerial vehicles, new information transmission and processing technologies, the appearance of a new element base, their production has become cheaper, and their capabilities in combat use and technical equipment have improved significantly. Modernization and improvement of unmanned impact devices led to an increase in the flight range, that is, an increase in the useful effect of the engine, as well as a decrease in its noise, an increase in the energy consumption of power cells; improvement of navigation and management systems; improvement of the airframe to reduce weight, dimensions, effective scattering area. Means of fire impression were also modernized, guided missiles began to be placed on them, as well as means of radio-electronic warfare, improved technical means of intelligence, improved photo and video surveillance systems were installed. All this led to the improvement of methods of combat use of unmanned aerial vehicles and the growth of their role in modern armed conflicts. An analysis of the capabilities of air defense means to protect weapons and military equipment from unmanned attack vehicles and barrage munitions was carried out, and directions were developed to increase the efficiency of their destruction by various means of fire damage.
APPLICATION OF RADAR INTERFEROMETRY FOR CONSRTUCTION OF DIGITAL RELIEF MODELS
Authors:   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Byalyi M.O. , Savkov P.A. ,   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2023

Advanced experience in preparing and conducting military operations has shown that terrain is one of the most crucial elements in any map, as it determines the characteristics of the landscape of a specific area. Digital Elevation Models are used in updating digital topographic maps and plans of various scales, conducting various types of engineering surveys, and geological, biological, and geographical research. This article examines existing models and methods for constructing digital elevation models for the purpose of their comparative analysis based on the integration of open, publicly available sources of information. The approaches to building digital elevation models are described, and the information support for their creation is considered. The possibility of using different data sources intended for creating digital elevation model is demonstrated: for land management tasks modeling, hydrological network modeling, analysis of radio tower coverage zones, construction task modeling, and modeling flood and inundation zones. By improving digital elevation model, it is possible to develop new approaches for their creation or integrate existing ones. At the current stage of Ukraine's Armed Forces development, it is advisable to use radar interferometry as a relatively fast and accurate method for constructing digital elevation model. Interferometry is a technology for extracting elevation information from the phase of two images. Interferometric processing is carried out based on the use of radar data. The method assumes that the same area should be imaged with a displacement in space of the radar antenna receiver. Thus, by applying radar interferometry, it is possible to rapidly develop new approaches for creating digital elevation model or combining multiple ones.
Antimicrobial Studies on Epidermal Mucus of Fish Anabas Testudineus
Authors: Bose M.T. Jagannath , Velmurugan B. , Poornima D. , Vineetha V.K. , Banu N. Samima, A. Ayisha
Published: October 2023

The present investigation was conducted to find out the antimicrobial, hemolytic activity and protein content of fish epidermal mucus and their chemical constituents from Anabas testudineus. The in vitro hemolytic activity were analyzed and the antimicrobial activity against human pathogens (Bacteria) were determined by agar well diffusion methods. Epidermal mucus sample protein was analyzed by (Thin layer chromatography and SDS-PAGE). Totally thirteen human pathogens were tested against the fish mucus. Out of thirteen pathogens five pathogens have proved to be sensitive to the mucus. The average value of maximum zone of inhibition was observed against K. pneumonia (15.17±0.09mm) > P. vulgaris (13.2±0.17mm) > E. lentum (12.43±0.18mm) > MRSA (11.37±0.32mm) > S. aureus (10.5±0.11mm). The percentage of haemolysis for lyophilized sample shows more hemolytic activity. The amount of protein present in the mucus for Lyophilized sample: 3.61 g/dL, for Rotavac sample: 1.08 g/dL. The present inspection were revealed that positive progresses in the fish mucus extracts hostile to human pathogen (Bacteria) and the hemolytic activity, also the simple population of proteins (SDS PAGE) and the (TLC) reveals the presence of amino acids and peptides. Further efforts are required for the isolation of the active antimicrobial compounds in order to establish their possible applications.
Enhancement of Icariin Aphrodisiac Effect by Solid-SNEDDS Method Using Shark Liver Oil Phase
Authors: Indratmoko Septiana , Nurani Laela H. , Wahyuningsih Iis
Published: October 2023

The Epimedium brevicornu Maxim plant contains icariin, a flavonoid compound known for its aphrodisiac effects. However, icariin has low solubility and bioavailability. This study aims to find the best formula for S-SNEDDS icariin, its physical properties, characteristics, and aphrodisiac activity. Using the S-SNEDDS (Solid-Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) method with shark liver oil phase is expected to increase the solubility and bioavailability of icariin. The optimum formula used is tween 80 (72.5%): PEG 400 (13.75%) and shark liver oil (13.75%). The optimal formula of S-SNEDDS icariin with the adsorption method to solid carriers requires aerosol 200 as much as 783±28.86mg per 1mL. S-SNEDDS icariin has characteristics with an average emulsification time of 12.88±0.26 seconds, transmittance value of 98.08±0.94%, droplet size 171.8±8.9 nm, zeta potential -35.2±1.1 mV, flow speed less than 10 seconds, resting angle 35.159°. The dissolution test of S-SNEDDS icariin is better than icariin instead of S-SNEDDS. S-SNEDDS icariin dose 50 mg/KgBW has a better aphrodisiac effect than pure icariin 100 mg/kgBW.
Comparative Analysis of the Spectrum of Sensitization to Air Allergens in Patients with Respiratory Allergoses from the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Authors: Razikova I.S. , Dustbabaeva N.D. , Aydarova N.P. , Baybekova V.F. , Xolmatov U.Yu. , Xodjayeva Sh. K.
Published: October 2023

Background: It has been known for a long time that the prevalence of allergy pathology throughout the world has been steadily increasing, this determines the need for regular screening epidemiological studies; high-quality allergy diagnostics makes it possible to identify the disease in the early stages of development, carry out timely selection of drug pathogenetic therapy, which, in turn, helps to significantly reduce the risk of exacerbation of an allergic disease and the onset of more severe forms of allergopathology. The general patterns of the formation of respiratory allergies include the age-related dynamics of the spectrum, the development of polysensitization, as well as the hierarchical value of aeroallergens. Purpose of the study: to study the spectrum of sensitization in people with respiratory allergies: allergic rhinitis (AR), bronchial asthma (BA) of varying severity, atopic dermatitis (AD) in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, which is characterized by a long period of flowering of weeds (wormwood, solyanka, quino ) - end of August end of November, cereal grasses (timothy, foxtail, rye, bluegrass). - end of February - end of July; The duration of flowering is related to the peculiarities of climatic and geographical conditions. Materials and methods: from January to May 2022, a clinical allergological examination was carried out on 120 patients with allergic diseases: of them 90 children aged 2-18 years, 36 children with AR, 24 with BA, 30 children with AD and 30 adult patients, 12 with AR, 12 with AD, 6 with AD. To study the total concentration in blood serum, we used Monobyte test systems manufactured in the USA; Allergen-specific IgE was determined using Alkor Bio test systems manufactured in Russia; standard diagnostic allergens were used for skin prick testing (JSC NPO Microgen, Stavropol). Results: In 75% of patients, combined sensitization to pollen, household and food allergens, 20% only to pollen and food allergens of different groups, and 5% have monosensitization to pollen allergens. Conclusion: Spectrum of sensitization to aeroallergens in the studied region of the republic Karakalpakstan is characterized to a greater extent by pollen sensitization in both children and adults with various allergic diseases, with a predominance of multiple sensitizations in all age groups.
Real-Time Tracking of Wildlife with IoT Solutions in Movement Ecology
Authors: Reddy K Chenna , R Senthil Kumar , Sharma Shivi , Gobi N. , D Srinivas. , Prasanth P Vishnu
Published: October 2023

Movement ecology has grown increasingly significant in the backdrop of global environmental changes, emphasizing the importance of understanding animal mobility patterns. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology offers transformative potential for real-time wildlife tracking, addressing limitations of traditional methods like radio telemetry. Through IoT devices, researchers can acquire immediate, high-resolution datasets spanning vast distances, capturing multiple data points such as environmental conditions and physiological parameters. Existing implementations range from monitoring elephant movements in Africa to observing bird migrations. However, while promising, challenges like battery longevity, device weight, data management, and animal safety persist. As technological advances emerge, future prospects include more efficient, integrated solutions combining IoT with other technologies, poised to reshape and enrich our understanding of wildlife movement.
Ameliorative Effect of Ginger on Blood Glucose Levels and Cardiac TCA Cycle Enzymes Activity in STZ Induced Diabetic Rat
Authors: Kumar D. Veera Nagendra , K. Chandra Mohan  , C. Narasimha Rao  , C. Venkata Krishnaiah  , U. Srineetha  , P. Sachidevi
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ginger administration on altered blood glucose levels, cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes (TCA cycle enzymes) activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. The study divided Wistar strain rats into five groups: normal control, ginger treated, diabetic control, diabetic plus ginger treated, and diabetic plus glibenclamide treated groups. The diabetic group had significantly elevated blood glucose levels, which were significantly lowered by ginger administration. The cytosolic enzyme G6PDH activity was significantly (P<0.001) decreased along with a significant increase in the LDH activity in diabetic rats heart tissue. The activities of SDH, MDH, GDH in the heart tissue of diabetic rats were significantly decreased, but the daily oral treatment of ginger to diabetic rats for thirty days reversed the above changes in a significant (P<0.001) manner. The study demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of ginger could lower blood glucose levels, improve enzyme activities and body weight in diabetic rats. This suggests that ginger extracts could be used as a cardio-protective supplement to reverse diabetic-induced complications.
Instruments/ Questionnaire Tools Used for Assessing Quality of Life Among Oral Cancer Affected Patients
Authors: Sharma Dr Swati , Dr Rohit Punga  , Dr M. Siddharth
Published: October 2023

QOL is largely affected by lot of overlapping facts and domains. Though enormous health care research is going all over the world to improve the survival as well as improve the quality of life in all the cancers of human body. Human being s individual perception for quality of life is one of the most important parameters to enhance the overall wellbeing of cancer patients. During the last decades, this idea of QOL has developed enormously and so are the various available treatment options in health care research to assess the individual’s understanding of well-being.
Extracción de modelos 3D basado en CNN y nubes de puntos para mapeado
Authors: Mendez Alberto , Mora Alicia , Barber Ramon
Published: October 2023

La obtención de modelos 3D precisos es importante en robótica. Una amplia gama de aplicaciones como mapear objetos requieren de un conocimiento preciso de su forma y disposición. Sin embargo, puede ser difícil lograr una alta precisión, especialmente cuando se trata de datos reales que incluyen factores como oclusiones, desorden y ruido, influyendo en el resultado final. En el estado del arte, se combina deep learning en imágenes 2D con segmentación de nubes de puntos. Sin embargo, los estudios comparativos al respecto son muy limitados. En este trabajo, implementamos y comparamos varios métodos existentes, aplicando mejoras para que estos funcionen correctamente en entornos complejos. Analizamos cuatro formas de obtener modelos 3D, tres de ellos basados en detección por bounding box y un cuarto basado en la obtención de una máscara mediante instance segmentation. Se realiza una comparación tanto cualitativa como cuantitativa, presentando las fortalezas y los límites de cada método, además de un ejemplo práctico de uso.
Planificación simultánea de trayectoria y contactos de un robot caminante
Authors: Mollá Santamaría Paula , Peidró Vidal Adrián , Payá Luis , Reinoso Óscar
Published: October 2023

En este artículo estudiamos la planificación simultánea de la trayectoria y de los apoyos de las patas de un robot en terrenos irregulares. Partimos del algoritmo A estrella (A*), que busca el camino más corto entre dos puntos. Primero se modela el terreno con un mallado triangular y se subdividen los triángulos, para tomar como espacio de búsqueda del A* los centroides de dichos triángulos. En segundo lugar, con respecto al A* original, se ha considerado la estabilidad del robot en cada centroide, de modo que el coste en un centroide sea penalizado si el robot es inestable y nulo si es estable. La estabilidad en cada punto de contacto se determina calculando que la reacción del terreno en ese punto esté contenida en un cono de fricción con una aproximación lineal. Por último, se obtiene la trayectoria, los puntos de contacto de cada pata, así como la postura del robot en cada posición.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100. Yılında Sosyal Bilimlerde Kalite: Açık ve Uzaktan Öğrenmeye Bir Bakış
Authors: ÖZEN Emin
Published: October 2023

Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılına girdiğimiz 2023 yılında açık ve uzaktan öğrenmeye ilgi ve talebin artarak devam ettiği görülmektedir. Global Covid-19 salgınıyla birlikte, eğitimin tüm (yükseköğretim ve K12) kademelerinde açık ve uzaktan öğrenme yöntemi aracığıyla eğitim sağlayan okul/kurumların ve bu öğretim kurumlarında öğrenim gören öğrenenlerin sayısındaki hızlı artış, Türkiye’de olduğu gibi diğer ülkelerde de açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede kalite konusunun önemini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin açık ve uzaktan öğrenmenin kalitesi konusunda bölgesel ve uluslararası sistem içerisindeki geçmiş yüzyılına dair değerlendirmelerin yanı sıra gelecek yıllara yönelik eğilimlerin de araştırma konusu yapılması önemli görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma; Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılı itibarıyla ülkemizin açık ve uzaktan öğrenmenin kalitesi üzerine mevcut durumunun tespit edilerek sonraki dönemde yapılacak çeşitli iyileştirmeler aracılığıyla ülkemizin bu alanda daha rekabet edebilir duruma gelmesini sağlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma; nitel araştırma yönteminin anlatısal inceleme modelinde desenlenen bir derleme çalışmasıdır. Çalışma kapsamında kalite kavramları, yükseköğretimde/sosyal bilimlerde kalite çalışmaları, açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede kalite süreçleri üzerine değerlendirmeler ve bilgilendirmelere yer verilmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Cumhuriyetimizin 100 yıllık döneminde yükseköğretimde sosyal bilimlerin alt alanı olan açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede kalite üzerine gerçekleştirilen çalışmalar, tanımlar, geliştirilen standartlar vb. ışığında; öğrencilere nitelikli açık ve uzaktan öğrenme ortamları sunmanın önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. İlaveten ülkemizin bu alanda uluslararası arenada rekabet edebilirliğini artırmak amacıyla öneriler getirilmiştir.
Hacia una integración sostenible: el potencial de la electromovilidad en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Michelena Gabriel , Iannuzzi Patricia , Barafani Magdalena
Published: October 2023

Desde el Instituto para la Integración de América Latina y el Caribe (INTAL) del sector de Integración y Comercio (INT) del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) se llevó adelante este trabajo que se propone identificar los nichos estratégicos vinculados a la cadena de valor de la electromovilidad que America Latina y el Caribe (ALC) puede aprovechar, poniendo el foco en cinco países de la región: Brasil, Argentina, Chile, México y Colombia. Se analiza en qué medida el cambio estructural en la industria automotriz puede contribuir a la reducción de emisiones comprometidas por los países de la región en el Acuerdo de París. Asimismo, se reflexiona sobre las políticas públicas actuales que buscan promover la electromovilidad para avanzar en el desarrollo de los segmentos productivos identificados.
Dealing with Hard-to-Reach Populations in Panel Data: Respondent-Driven Survey (RDS) and Attrition
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Romero Jimena , Chuquimarca Nicolás , Abuelafia Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

Hidden populations, such as irregular migrants, often elude traditional probabilistic sampling methods. In situations like these, chain-referral sampling techniques like Respondent-Driven Surveys (RDS) offer an effective solution. RDS, a variant of network sampling sometimes referred to as “snowball” sampling, estimates weights based on the network structures of friends and acquaintances formed during the sampling process. This ensures the samples are representative of the larger population. However, one significant limitation of these methods is the rigidity of the weights. When faced with participant attrition, recalibrating these weights to ensure continued representation poses a challenge. This technical note introduces a straightforward methodology to account for such attrition. Its applicability is demonstrated through a survey targeting Venezuelan migrants in Ecuador and Peru.
Cooperative Compliance in Brazil: What Does the Future Hold?
Authors: Calijuri Mónica , Toledo Pires de Oliveira Phelippe
Published: October 2023

The concept of cooperative compliance has gained momentum in recent years as tax authorities seek to establish more collaborative relationships with taxpayers, especially in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The subject had not arisen with the same interest in Latin America and the Caribbean. Brazil, in particular, has been cautious in its approach to cooperative compliance after a timid attempt some years ago. However, this has been changing since the launch of the Confia pilot program in 2021, where the Brazilian Federal Revenue (RFB) is collaborating with a group of large taxpayers participating in the pilot. Confia's main objective is to develop a relationship of trust between tax authorities and taxpayers by promoting a culture of compliance based on cooperation and transparency. This paper highlights the benefits of cooperative compliance including improved relationships between tax authorities and taxpayers, greater tax certainty, and reduced compliance and litigation costs. These benefits can help make Brazilian companies more competitive globally and improve risk assessments for tax administrations. Some initiatives taken by Brazilian tax authorities to enhance their relationship with taxpayers, including the experience of the RFB with Confia, could provide valuable lessons for other Latin American and Caribbean countries.
Inequality of Opportunity and Intergenerational Persistence in Latin America
Authors: Brunori Paolo , Ferreira Francisco H. G. , Neidhöfer Guido
Published: October 2023

How strong is the transmission of socio-economic status across generations in Latin America? To answer this question, we first review the empirical literature on intergenerational mobility and inequality of opportunity for the region, summarizing results for both income and educational outcomes. We find that, whereas the income mobility literature is hampered by a paucity of representative datasets containing linked information on parents and children, the inequality of opportunity approach which relies on other inherited and pre-determined circumstance variables has suffered from arbitrariness in the choice of population partitions. Two new data-driven approaches one aligned with the ex-ante and the other with the ex-post conception of inequality of opportunity are introduced to address this shortcoming. They yield a set of new inequality of opportunity estimates for twenty-seven surveys covering nine Latin American countries over various years between 2000 and 2015. In most cases, more than half of the current generations inequality is inherited from the past with a range between 44% and 63%. We argue that on balance, given the parsimony of the population partitions, these are still likely to be underestimates.
Informe sobre juventud en el Paraguay: insumos para una política pública de juventud
Authors: Serafini Verónica
Published: October 2023

Este reporte destaca la importancia de la población joven en Paraguay, que representa el 27% de la población uno de los pesos relativos más elevados en la historia del país-, y la oportunidad de aprovechar las ventajas que ofrece la población en edades activas para contribuir al desarrollo económico y social del país. Para ello se requiere ampliar las capacidades de la juventud y generar las condiciones para aumentar su bienestar , identificando y abordando adecuadamente las desigualdades y las exclusiones. Es por tal motivo que el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la situación social, económica y demográfica de la juventud en Paraguay, el esfuerzo realizado por el Estado para mejorar su calidad de vida y proponer los lineamientos de políticas públicas para cerrar las brechas encontradas en tres áreas clave: salud, educación y empleo, para pasar a la acción, garantizando un abordaje integral.
National Security-Related Expulsion Cases during the Pandemic in Hungary: Secret Revealed?
Authors: Csatlós Erzsébet
Published: October 2023

The research investigates the reasons behind the surge in the number of expulsion cases awaiting resolution by the Constitutional Court of Hungary during the initial year of the pandemic by conducting an analysis. Identity between the cases examined can be discovered along issues related to factual and legal merits, which in several cases is the cause of the problem and the effect of which draws attention to the right to an effective remedy. The study focuses on the factual and legal issues of decisions on expulsion and entry and residence bans from the point of view of legally established third-country nationals residing in Hungary. The study explores Constitutional Court and high court decisions of the period compared to the relevant case law of the Supreme Court in a comprehensible manner and digs up the roots of the identified common problems. Exploring the legal basis in the light of basic international and EU law obligations, both access to classified documents and a system of appeal against decisions constitute a set of complex, completely independent and unrelated procedures, that ultimately means that the facts on which the expulsion is based, which are also particularly difficult to ascertain, cannot be effectively disputed.
Public Utility Services in Poland and Belarus
Authors: Gonet Wojciech , Wlasiuk Julia
Published: October 2023

The text deals with the definition of public services and their scope in Belarus and Poland. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that it is difficult to accept one criterion indicating that the given services are public. A permanent criterion of non-payment for the services provided cannot be accepted, as there are public services which are paid for. A wide group of beneficiaries may indicate that it is a service or product of general interest. A comparison of the scope and services of public utility in Belarus and in Poland shows their wider
scope present in Belarus. The aim of the study is to investigate:
− whether the scope of public utility has evolved in the last thirty years, after the political transformation that took place in Poland and Belarus,
− what scope of public utility services is provided by the public administration in Poland and Belarus,
− whether services of general interest can be provided by private entrepreneurs in these two States.
Conducting the research required the use of a comparative research method aimed at comparing the legal regulations regarding the conduct of activities in the field of public utility in Poland and in Belarus. The historical-legal method was also used to show the evolution of the scope of public utility services through the change of legal regulations.
The Problem of Application of Certain Consumer Protection Laws to Sole Traders
Authors: Kotarski Tomasz
Published: October 2023

Celem artykułu jest analiza i próba skomentowania zmian wprowadzonych do Kodeksu cywilnego i ustawy o prawach konsumenta, na mocy których część przepisów konsumenckich stosuje się do osób fizycznych prowadzących działalność gospodarczą. Przy analizie zastosowano metodę dogmatyczną – egzegezę przepisów prawa, a ponadto dokonano badania piśmiennictwa
prawniczego i stanowisk judykatury dotyczących omawianych zagadnień. Rozważania poczynione w artykule doprowadziły do sformułowania wniosków stanowiących, m.in. że wprowadzone przepisy mogą stanowić przejaw nadprodukcji prawa, a cel nowelizacji, w postaci przeciwdziałania niedostatecznej ochronie tej kategorii podmiotów, można było osiągnąć na podstawie dotychczas obowiązujących przepisów dotyczących konsumentów – poczynając od samej definicji konsumenta. Nawet jeśli zmiany mające na celu zwiększenie ochrony osób fizycznych prowadzących działalność gospodarczą były pożądane, to przyjęte rozwiązania prawne należy uznać za wybiórcze i niekompletne.
Cybersecurity of the Banking Sector and Financial Markets Infrastructure
Authors: Skoczylas Dominika
Published: October 2023

W artykule poruszono problematykę cyberbezpieczeństwa w sektorze bankowym i infrastruktury rynków finansowych. Rozważania w tym zakresie przeprowadzono na podstawie analizy przepisów ustawy o krajowym systemie cyberbezpieczeństwa. Ponadto uwzględniono aktualne zasady cyberbezpieczeństwa w kontekście zadań Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego. W pracy wykorzystano metodę dogmatycznoprawną. Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie zagrożeń występujących w sektorze bankowym i infrastruktury rynków finansowych w związku ze świadczeniem tzw. e-usług w cyberprzestrzeni. Przedmiotem rozważań jest ponadto przedstawienie i ocena aktualnych zasad cyberbezpieczeństwa oraz zadań Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego (organu właściwego do spraw cyberbezpieczeństwa). Kluczowym aspektem jest również wskazanie działań podejmowanych przez właściwy Zespół Reagowania na Incydenty Bezpieczeństwa Komputerowego (CSIRT KNF), szczególnie w kontekście klasyfikacji oraz obsługi incydentów sieciowych. Analiza tematu pozwoli odpowiedzieć na pytanie: jakie kwestie należy wziąć pod uwagę przy wdrożeniu polityki cyberbezpieczeństwa w sektorze bankowym i infrastruktury rynków finansowych. Autorka pracy ustaliła, że współczesny wymiar bezpieczeństwa finansowego państwa to również wymiar bezpieczeństwa e-finansów. Biorąc pod uwagę powyższe, kluczowym aspektem jest wdrożenie optymalnej polityki cyberbezpieczeństwa, ale również rozwój
umiejętności (kompetencji) cyfrowych aktorów rynku finansowego.
Recognition of biosignals with nonlinear properties by approximate entropy parameters
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University ", Manilo L.A. ,   LETI", Nemirko A.P. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"
Published: October 2023

More and more attention is being paid to the development of methods for the objective analysis of biosignals for computer medical systems. The search for new non-standard methods is aimed at improving the reliability of diagnostics and expanding the areas of their practical application. In this paper, methods for recognizing biomedical signals by the degree of severity of their nonlinear components are considered. An approach based on the use of approximate entropy closely related to Kolmogorov entropy (K-entropy) is used. Its parameters can be used to detect dynamic irregularities associated with nonlinear properties of signals. The algorithm for calculating this characteristic is consid-ered in detail. Based on model experiments, its main properties are analyzed. It is shown that the entropy of a finite sequence, calculated in accordance with a multistep pro-cedure, can give an erroneous estimate of the degree of regularity of the signal. A procedure for correcting the approximate entropy is proposed, which expands the area of analysis of this function for estimating nonlinearity. It has been established that the transition to adjusted entropy makes it possible to increase the reliability of the detection of chaotic components. A set of entropy parameters is proposed for constructing recognition procedures. Examples of solving the problems of detecting atrial fibrillation by the parameters of the non-linearity of the rhythmogram, as well as assessing the depth of anesthesia by the electroencephalogram (EEG) are given. Experiments conducted on real recordings of electrocardiogram (ECG) and EEG signals have shown the high efficiency of the proposed algorithms. The proposed methods and algorithms can be used in the development of systems for monitoring ECG of cardiological patients, as well as monitoring the depth of anesthesia by EEG during surgical operations.
Discursive realization of the verb «would» as a marker of epistemic modality in English publicistic text
Authors: Morozova А. N. , Karaulshchikova Yu. V.
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the empirical study aimed at revealing epistemic modality realization in utterances with the verb would in English publicistic texts of analytical political articles. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that discursive characteristics of modal syntagms with epistemic meaning in speech act are one of the least studied aspects of text modality. The basis of the research is the idea of epistemic modality being different from «root» modality expressed by the «material» meaning of the verb. Epistemic modality is expressed in lexico-syntactic mode which implies its study in terms of speech act syntagmatics. The results of the analysis demonstrate low frequency of the verb would as a lexical means. At the same time instances of its functioning in syntagms as a lexico-syntactic means of expressing modality are numerous. Discursive realization of the verb would is characterized by the category of polarity which is reflected in the opposition of the expected and the real. Illocutionary markers of the opposition are syntagms which contain lexical units with epistemic meaning or modal verbs with functions contrastive to those of the verb would. The main rhetorical model of speech acts organization is symmetry backed up by syntactically, lexically and phonologically similar text units. This principle of text organization is most clearly manifested in parallel word-combinations with the verbs would, «could», «should», and paronymic attraction.
Rhythmic and syntactic structure of means to create material world image in V. Nabokov’s novel «Машенька» and its English translation «Mary»
Authors: Borisova E. B. , Daineko M. V.
Published: October 2023

The present article attempts to analyze the rhythmic and syntactic structure of the original fragments involved in creating the image of the pension in V. Nabokov’s novel «Машенька» and its English version «Mary». The relevance of the research stems from the fact that despite the abundance of works devoted to the study of artistic image and individual writers’ style, they do not cover all possible aspects of analysis. In particular, there exist practically no contrastive studies revealing specific means to create material world image on the rhythmic and syntactic level based on the works written by bilingual authors. In addition, Russian and foreign philology lack studies devoted to considering the peculiarities of rhythmic and syntactic analysis of V. Nabokov’s literary works. The aim of the present article is to analyze the rhythmic as well as syntactic structure of the original fragments, creating the image of the pension as part of the material world in V. Nabokov’s novel «Машенька» and its English version «Mary». The objectives of the study include identifying the characteristics of the rhythmic as well as syntactic structure of the fragments in question to define the extent to which the translator manages to convey the features of the original structure. The following research methods are used: the method of slicing and splicing, structural-functional method, descriptive method and comparative method. In conclusion it should be emphasized that rhythmic and syntactic structure of the analyzed fragments is characterized by both extended and non-extended sentences, compound sentences with conjunctive, subordinate and non-conjunctive links, parenthetical insertions, homogeneous sentence members and adverbial participial phrases. The rhythm of the fragments in question varies from monotonous to gradual and alternating. To conclude, the results suggest that rhythmic and syntactic features of the original are not always taken into account by the translator, which is explained by the differences in the syntactic structure of the Russian and English languages.
Monograph review: Kabytov P.S., Fedorova N.A. Professor Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko: personality and time. Samara: Samarskaya gumanitarnaya akademiya, 2023, 144 p.
Authors: Tyurin V. A. , Leonov M. M.
Published: October 2023

The review is an analysis of the monograph by Kabytov P.S., Fedorova N.A. «Professor Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko: personality and time». Professor I.M. Ionenko is a prominent Kazan historian, one of the founders of the study of the problems of the events of 1917 in the Volga region, a specialist in the field of agrarian history, head of the Department of History of the USSR at Kazan State University. The book was prepared on a diverse source base, including materials from central and regional archives, periodicals, and numerous memoirs of students and colleagues. Let us especially note the appeal to the extensive personal archive of Ionenko and his publications. The monograph presents a reconstruction of the main stages of the scientist's life path: childhood and youth in the Smolensk region, training at the Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute, front-line years, work in the Kazan State Pedagogical Institute, Kazan State University. The review provides an analysis by the authors of the monograph of the scientific activity of I.M. Ionenko – problems of the Great Russian Revolution, agrarian history of the Volga region. In addition, the family environment, pedagogical and administrative activities of the scientist are shown.
Representation of male and female family roles in Soviet magazines
of the late 1960-ies – 1970-ies
Authors: Gubanova T. S.
Published: October 2023

The social institution of the family as an environment for the formation and evolution of gender roles is of particular interest for the study of Soviet society. The government controlled the private sphere of public life even in the late USSR. The media were an important social institution that influenced the construction of ideas about gender and reproduced images of desired models of family relations and the gender structure of society. Gender analysis can be used to identify popular stereotypes about masculinity and femininity, as well as gender family roles in the late USSR. In this paper, the author analyzes the materials of Soviet magazines and newspapers published from the late 1960-ies to the 1970-ies: the magazine for parents and teachers «Family and School», the popular science magazine «Health», the advertising magazine «New goods», the children’s magazines «Murzilka» and «Funny Pictures». These publications are aimed at different readership. This allows us to get a more complete picture of the real and desired models of masculinity and femininity in late Soviet society. As a result of the study, conclusions are drawn about significant discrepancies between the declared equality of women and men in Soviet society and the real gender structure. The representation of stereotypical models of family relations indicates contradictions in the peculiarities of male and female gender socialization, as well as in the gender differentiation of family and household functions of men and women.