bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pondok Pesantren Sebagai Sistem Sosial dalam Perspektif Talcott Parsons
Authors: Shodiq Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Pondok pesantren memiliki peranan penting dalam perkembangan daerah, khususnya dalam bidang ilmu keislaman dan pengetahuan umum. Pondok pesantren merupakan sistem sosial karena di dalamnya terdapat elemen, strukturisasi dan proses sosial yang bergerak secara dinamis untuk mencapai keseimbangan. Sebagai sebuah sistem sosial, peran dari pondok pesantren juga membutuhkan interaksi yang transformatif dan memiliki tujuan yang konkrit-masif. Intensitas dari interaksi antara mayarakat dengan lingkungan pondok pesantren menunjukkan adanya nilai-nilai yang selalu dipelihara sehingga wujud pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang unik, serta selaras dengan kultur masyarakat Indonesia tetap seimbang dan terjaga. Penelitian pustaka ini bersifat kualitatif-deskriptif dengan menggunakan paradigma sistem sosial Talcott Parsons, yang menitik beratkan pada jalannya suatu sistem selama sistem tersebut masih berfungsi. Dalam teori ini, Talcott Parsons lebih mengedepankan analisis fungsi dan sistem secara detail berbagai kondisi-kondisi yang mendukung perkembangan dan kontinuitas kultur di dalam sistem sosial masyarakat, walaupun jika suatu kultur tidak lagi sebagai sistem politik atau lembaga formal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sistem sosial itu sendiri merupakan subsistem yang saling ketergantungan dan memiliki hubungan timbal balik. Artinya, peran dan interaksi antara warga pondok pesantren dan masyarakat itu harus seimbang.
Islamic boarding schools have an important role in regional development, especially in the field of Islamic sciences and general knowledge. slamic boarding schools are a social system because in them there are elements, structuring and social processes that move dynamically to achieve balance. As a social system, the role of Islamic boarding schools also requires transformative interactions and has massive concrete goals. The intensity of the interaction between the community and the environment of the Islamic boarding school shows that there are values that are always maintained so that the existence of the Islamic boarding school as a unique educational institution, and in harmony with the culture of Indonesian society remains balanced and maintained. This literature research is qualitative-descriptive in nature using the Talcott Parsons social system paradigm, which focuses on the running of a system as long as the system is still functioning. n this theory, Talcott Parsons puts forward a detailed analysis of functions and systems of various conditions that support the development and continuity of culture in the social system of society, even if a culture ceases to be a political system or formal institution. This study concludes that the social system itself is a sub-system that is interdependent and has a reciprocal relationship. That is, the roles and interactions between the residents of the Islamic boarding school and the community must be balanced.
Penempatan Sumber Daya Manusia Sesuai Bidang Keahlian dan Tanggung Jawab di Sekolah Dasar Islam
Authors: Haq Muhammad , Maunah Binti
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pentingnya penempatan sumber daya manusia sesuai bidang keahlian dan tanggunng jawab di SDI (Sekolah Dasar Islam) Al Azhar Tulungagung. Penempatan sumber daya manusia akan menunjang kinerja dan aktivitas yang progresif. Penempatan sumber daya manusia di SDI Al Azhar dilakukan dengan meninjau beberapa faktor. Pertama, pengetahuan yang dibaca melalui linerisasi pendidikan formal maupun nonformal terhadap beban kerja yang akan diampu. Kedua, kemampuan yang menitikfokuskan pada riwayat organisasi pendaftar. Ketiga, sikap yang bertujuan untuk membaca tingkat komitmen terhadap SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung melalui wawancara bagi pendaftar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis melalui kondensasi, penajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penempatan sumber daya manusia di SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung secara garis besar berdasarkan prinsip “the right man in the right place and the right man on the right job.” Prinsip tersebut dapat menujnjung nilai tanggung jawab bagi sumber daya manusia. Selain itu prinsip tersebut dapat membangun pendidikan inklusi di SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung.
This study aims to describe the importance of the placement of human resources according to the field of expertise and responsibility at SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung, placement of human resources will support performance explicitly in order that it can carry out its activities progressively. The placement of human resources at SDI Al Azhar reviews several Faktors. Firstly, the knowledge that is viewed based on formal and non-formal education linerisation. Second, ability which focuses on the applicant's organisational history. Third, the attitude that can measure how committed the applicant to SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung through interviews. This research uses descriptive qualitative approach. Data obtained through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies were then analysed through triangulation. The results of the study state that the placement of human resources at SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung is based on the principle of “the right man in the right place and the right man on the right job.” This principle can support the value of responsibility for human resources. In addition, this principle can build inclusive education at SDI Al Azhar Tulungagung.
Muhasebe Dersi Alan Önlisans Öğrencilerinin Muhasebe Sınavına İlişkin Kaygı Düzeyleri: Anamur MYO Örneği (The Anxiety Levels of Associate Degree Students Taking the Accounting Course Regarding Accounting Test: The Case of Anamur Vocational School)
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Kürşad
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada Anamur Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda (MYO) eğitim gören ve muhasebe dersi alan önlisans öğrencilerinin muhasebe sınavına ilişkin kaygı düzeyleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Muhasebe sınav ına ilişkin kaygının cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, eğitim-öğretim görülen program, genel not ortalaması, lisede muhasebe dersini alma ve kariyer hedefi gibi çeşitli özellikler açısından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın ana kütlesi toplam 112 öğrenciden oluş maktadır. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi seçilmiştir. Yüz yüze anket formlarını dolduran 67 öğrenci, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Revize Edilmiş Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Ölçeğin kaç alt boyuttan oluştuğunu tespit etmek için açımlayıcı faktör analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Farklılığa ilişkin hipotezleri test etmek için Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğrencilerin sınav kaygılarının bedensel belirtiler, gerginlik ve sınavla ilgisiz düşünceler şeklinde ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. Sınavla ilgisiz düşünceler boyutu hariç gerginlik ve bedensel belirtiler boyutları için cinsiyet açısından anlamlı farklılığa rastlanmıştır. Buna karşın sınıf düzeyi, eğitim-öğretim görülen program, genel not ortalaması, lisede muhasebe dersi alma ve kariyer hedefi açısından muhasebe sınav ına ilişkin kaygının hiçbir boyutunda anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.
The impact of the war in Ukraine on the psychological well-being of students
Authors: Pypenko I. S. , Stadnik A. V. , Melnyk Yu. B. , Mykhaylyshyn U. B.
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim of Study: The war in Ukraine affects the psychological state and life activities of university students. Aim of the study: to identify the state of psychological well-being of students and the peculiarities of students’ use of coping strategies in overcoming life crises on their own. Material and Methods: The study was conducted among 323 Ukrainian university students aged 20-35 in October 2023. According to the impact of the hostilities on them, the respondents were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 – 111 persons living in the area of active hostilities; Group 2 – 104 persons living in the areas where missiles and drones were fired; Group 3 – 108 persons living on the territory of Ukraine, where there were no hostilities and shelling, and in the EU countries. The Psychological General Well-Being Index, PGWBI, and the Coping Strategies Inventory, CSI, were included in an online survey. Both techniques were found to have adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha was 0.928 and 0.759, respectively). Results: Respondents in all groups are moderately distressed. The highest level of distress (the lowest level of PGWBI) was found among students in Group 1 (55.1 points). Students in Groups 2 and 3 had lower scores (60.1 and 63.5 points, respectively), which corresponds to moderate distress. Students use a variety of coping strategies in stressful situations. However, the coping strategy of cognitive restructuring was used more often (9.8 points in Group 3, 9.5 points in Group 1). This was due to a general rethinking of the meaning of life, of attitudes toward oneself and others because of the war. Coping strategies of social support (8.9 points) and self-criticism (8.7 points) were also important for Group 1. This was due to the importance of social support, reassessment of one’s own behavior and thinking in the war. Conclusions: The obtained data indicate that the war in Ukraine has a negative impact on the psychological state of students. The level of impact was higher the closer the students were to the active combat zone. This influence determined the students' choice of coping strategies in dealing with life crises on their own.
Pelatihan Akuntansi untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Akuntansi di Era Vuca pada UPPKA Layang-Layang Palembang
Authors: Sari Rafika , Yusnaini Tien , Purnamasari Endah Dewi
Published: December 2023

The goal of the dedication of the Indo Global Mandiri University lecturers is to increase accounting knowledge which is important for business actors in order to mobilize UPPKA to prepare for business challenges, the ability to build and conduct Diera vuca businesses where UPPKA itself is a group of activities for the development of a prosperous family and family resilience to fill time and utilizing the socio-economic potential of the family by empowering the family in the social and economic fields. , maintain and control business operations . Accounting knowledge and skills are important to be improved by small entrepreneurs so they want to plan and budget their business properly with the aim of maintaining and even improving their business for the better, the implementation of trials is carried out with workshops and presentations as well as training with mild cases of transactions that occur in groups Palembang Layang Kite UPPKA small business. The result is that after questioning and answering case studies, the UPPKA small business group understands small business accounting and its application in a simple way
Peran dan Strategi Komunitas Earth Hour Medan dalam Mendorong Praktik Hidup Berkelanjutan di Indonesia
Authors: Panjaitan Budi Rahmah , Ningrum Epon , Waluya Bagja , Sugandi Dede , Safriani Eka Wulan
Published: December 2023

Komunitas memainkan peran besar dalam kelestarian lingkungan, termasuk hidup berkelanjutan. Kehadiran komunitas menjadi salah satu representasi tujuan ke-17 SDGS yaitu kemitraan untuk mencapai tujuan (partnerships for the goals). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran dan strategi Komunitas Earth Hour Medan dalam mendorong praktik hidup berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Komunitas Earth Hour Medan memiliki tiga peran dalam mendorong praktik hidup berkelanjutan di Indonesia yaitu mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya hidup berkelanjutan, memperjuangkan kebijakan yang ramah lingkungan, dan melaksanakan aksi hidup berkelanjutan yang ramah lingkungan. Komunitas Earth Hour Medan menerapkan beberapa strategi dalam mendorong praktik hidup berkelanjutan di Indonesia yaitu melaksanakan rekrutmen relawan (volunteer) untuk menjadi bagian dari aksi yang dilakukan, melakukan pendekatan sosial media kepada masyarakat dan pemuda, turun langsung ke lapangan dalam mengedukasi masyakarakat maupun pemuda, dan berupaya menjaga eksistensi dengan tampil di media massa. Komunitas Earth Hour Medan juga melakukan langkah konkret dengan mengedukasi dan advokasi konservasi habitat alam, mendorong pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah untuk menanam sayuran dan tanaman apotek hidup, mengurangi penggunaan pestisida dan pupuk kimia, mengkampanyekan pengurangan sampah plastik, mendorong kebiasaan memasak sendiri makanan di rumah, menggunakan pangan lokal, dan memanfaatkan bahan makanan yang tersedia di sekitar pekarangan rumah. Rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat, kurangnya dukungan pemerintah dan lembaga-lembaga terkait, dan kurangnya sumber daya tetap menjadi hambatan dalam menjalankan program-program berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: Komunitas, Hidup Berkelanjutan, kemitraan, lingkungan
Pemanfaatan Instagram untuk Media Promosi dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan UMKM bagi Forum Gerakan Terintegrasi Masyarakat Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro (Gerai Kopimi) Lamper Lor Semarang Selatan
Authors: Hendrawan Aria , Khoirudin Khoirudin , Vydia Vensy
Published: December 2023

This dedication was motivated by a request from one of the GERAI KOPIMI FORUM (Gerakan Terintegrasi Masyarakat Koperasi Dan Usaha Mikro) located in Lamper Lor, South Semarang, so that Lamper Lor, UMKM South Semarang could reach a wider market.  With the COVID-19 pandemic, product marketing must be transformed using internet media, due to the limited space for product marketing. USM community service team through the Community Service program will provide assistance to the UMKM Forum Gerai Kopimi Semarang Selatan using social media to promote their products more broadly. Armed with information technology knowledge, especially in the field of marketing using social media and product shooting techniques owned by the service team, it is hoped that they will be able to expand the reach of marketing their products. This activity will be carried out in several stages, First, conducting field surveys related to partner problems, Second, designing the most appropriate methods for utilizing social media for product marketing and designing the most suitable packaging designs for products so that they can increase the value of partner products. Third, conduct training for partners to optimize social media in marketing products. Fourth, evaluate the results of the training. The positive response was given by almost all participants who wanted to use the Instagram platform as a medium for promoting products of UMKM and felt satisfied with the training provided, so they wanted more training.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Melaksanakan Praktikum Fisika pada Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh melalui Pelatihan Perangkat Analisis Video
Authors: Nugroho Bintoro Siswo , Zulfian Zulfian , Arman Yudha , Asri Asifa , Wahyuni Dwiria
Published: December 2023

The pandemic of COVID-19 has triggered awareness of the significant role of distance learning systems. Implementing science experiments, involving observation and measurement, requires more complex steps when conducted remotely online. An innovative method that can be used to address this issue is the combination of experimental demonstrations and video analysis. This article reports a training activity for the design and implementation of physics experiments using the video analysis software, Tracker, to improve the competence of physics teachers in conducting experiments through distance learning systems. The training was conducted through tutorials, demonstrations, practice sessions, work instructions, and online discussions. The impact of the training was measured by evaluating pre- and post-training questionnaires. The results indicate that the training can enhance participants' insights and competencies. This training provides an alternative solution for conducting laboratory experiments during face-to-face learning activity restrictions.
Alternatif Pengobatan Hipertensi dalam Program Pengabdian Masyarakat STIKES Nasional di Desa Kwarasan, Grogol, Sukoharjo
Authors: Lindawati Novena Yety , Nugroho Danie , Ardanaputri Geffa Yusinda , Saputri Maria Oktafiani Ari , Mohollana Mohollana , Triastuti Rika , Murdianningsih Sari
Published: December 2023

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg on two measurements with an interval of five minutes in a state of sufficient rest, calm. Treatment of hypertension can use medicinal plants, namely bay leaves and soursop leaves. Bay leaves and soursop leaves have antioxidant activity that can counteract free radicals so that they can lower blood pressure, while bay leaves themselves contain flavonoids that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. This activity program uses the method of giving local seminars and workshops directly to the PKK group in Kwarasan Village, Grogol District, Sukoharjo Regency. The results of real work lecture program showed an increase in participants' knowledge which was evaluated through an average increase in the pretest score from 86 to 94 during the posttest as well as an increase in the skills of participants in workshop activities.
Actividades deportivas de enseñanza y práctica del Fútbol-Sala como alternativa profiláctica e integración en la comunidad universitaria post covid 19
Authors: León López Luiggi Wladimir , León Vélez Ruth María , Boza Mendoza José Geovanny , Morales Prado Édinson Santiago
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo valorar la salud integral de la comunidad universitaria, mediante la realización de test de condición física, y actividades orientadas a la práctica del fut-sal para la inclusión social, mantenimiento y prevención de la salud para la comunidad educativa de la Universidad de Guayaquil. En el desarrollo los objetivos específicos intervienen los fundamentos teóricos que lo sustenten para su elaboración práctica. La metodología a utilizar tiene un enfoque mixto de investigación descriptivo que nos permitirá medir de forma cuantitativa y de manera cualitativa Investigación acción que nos conduce a representar los acontecimientos durante el desarrollo del proyecto, el diseño investigativo será, explicativo secuencial, el cual detalla el análisis de los datos obtenidos de forma sistemática, en secuencia de cada una de las variables. Se trabajó con una población de 52 deportistas que asistieron a los entrenamientos de forma intermitente, considerando a 25 para la toma de test de valoración física, de conocimientos del futbol sala y de relaciones interpersonales; que brindaron resultados positivos en el desarrollo de las capacidades condicionales. Del mismo modo, permite concluir que la práctica, se convierte en una motivación para mejorar las amistades en el ámbito laboral y el impacto que causó en redes sociales dentro del proyecto fortaleció las relaciones con otras instituciones de educación superior.
La calidad de la educación superior en modalidad híbrida
Authors: Mascaró Benites Eva Maria , Peñafiel Bowen Jaime Francisco , Sandoval Benalcázar Diana Carolina , Gaibor Durán Angela Paula
Published: December 2023

A causa de la pandemia, las instituciones de educación superior IES, se han visto inmersas en un cambio o revolución educativa en los últimos 3 años, sin embargo, esta revolución se viene dando desde los años 80 cuando se implementó el e learning. Actualmente la educación híbrida es la más usada en las instituciones de educación superior; la cual incentiva a reformular los procesos de enseñanza y los diferentes tipos de educación que existen actualmente, las diferencias qué hay entre la educación presencial, online e híbrida están bien delimitadas lo cual implica que los estudiantes y docentes tienen que cambiar su manera de aprender y enseñar, utilizando recursos diferentes a los cuales están acostumbrados, y adaptarse a los cambios continuos referentes a la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. En conclusión, la modalidad híbrida es una excelente alternativa en la educación contemporánea la cual necesita mayor cantidad de recursos y de estrategias para mantener la motivación del estudiante.
Genética y epigenética del trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Lema Lino María Virginia , Lema Lino Rita Paulina , Salazar Monar Francisco Xavier , Bonilla Sánchez Paola Karina
Published: December 2023

Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) son un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos del neurodesarrollo caracterizados por problemas en la interacción social y la comunicación, así como por la presencia de conductas repetitivas y estereotipadas. Esta patología ha identificado mecanismos epigeneticos de acuerdo a la ocurrencia de dichos trastornos en pacientes con desordenes donde se han comprobado mutaciones epigenéticas o en otros en que se han implicado factores reguladores epigenéticos. Aunque las causas del TEA en gran medida se desconocen, los estudios han demostrado que tanto los factores genéticos como los ambientales desempeñan un papel importante en la etiología de estos trastornos. Los estudios de hibridación genómica comparativa y de secuenciación del exoma/genoma completo identificaron un número de copias común y raro o variantes de un solo nucleótido en genes que codifican proteínas involucradas en el desarrollo del cerebro, que desempeñan un papel importante en la formación y función de neuronas y sinapsis. La etiología genética se reconoce en aproximadamente 25 a 35% de los pacientes con TEA. En este artículo, se revisa el estado actual del conocimiento sobre la etiología genética del TEA y también se propone un algoritmo de diagnóstico para los pacientes.
Approximation of the Lebesgue constant of the Fourier operator by a logarithmic-fractional-rational function
Authors: Shakirov I. A.
Published: December 2023

The Lebesgue constant of the classical Fourier operator is uniformly approximated by a logarithmic-fractional-rational function depending on three parameters; they are defined using the specific properties of logarithmic and rational approximations. A rigorous study of the corresponding residual term having an indefinite (non-monotonic) behavior has been carried out. The obtained approximation results strengthen the known results by more than two orders of magnitude.
Finite element modeling of the eigenvibrations of the square plate with attached oscillator
Authors: Korosteleva D. M. , Solov’ev S. I.
Published: December 2023

For the problem on eigenvibrations of the plate with an attached oscillator, the new symmetric linear variational statement is proposed. It is established the existence of the sequence of positive eigenvalues of finite multiplicity with limit point at infinity and the corresponding complete orthonormal system of eigenvectors. The new symmetric scheme of the finite element method with Hermite finite elements is formulated. Error estimates consistent with the solution smoothness for the approximate eigenvalues and approximate eigenvectors are proved. The results of numerical experiments illustrating the influence of the solution smoothness on the computation accuracy are presented.
Diatom biochronology for the Early Miocene of the Equatorial Pacific
Authors: Barron John A.
Published: December 2023

The latest Oligocene and early Miocene diatom biostratigraphy (24.4 to 16.9 Ma) of equatorial Pacific ODP Site 199-1219 is documented and tied to paleomagnetic stratigraphy in 69 samples, allowing an average age resolution of about 100 kyrs. An updated taxonomy is provided and most of the 71 taxa are illustrated in 9 photographic plates. The equatorial Pacific diatom zonation for the latest Oligocene and early Miocene is updated: the Nitzschia maleinterpretaria Partial Range Zone is newly proposed to replace the Triceratium pileus Interval Zone and part of the Craspedodiscus elegans Partial Range Zone, and the C. elegans Zone is modified to be an interval zone. Absolute ages of 62 datum levels are estimated and compared with age estimates from elsewhere in the equatorial Pacific, as well as from the North Pacific and Southern Ocean. It is likely that many of these datum levels will be useful for correlations between the equatorial Pacific and higher latitude regions.
Timing and rates of the Cenomanian-Turonian drowning on the Guerrero-Morelos Platform, Southern Mexico
Authors: Aguilera-Franco Noemi , Scott Robert W.
Published: December 2023

Graphic correlation shows that the sediment record is incomplete in most sections that embrace the Cenomanian/Turonian transition of the Guerrero-Morelos platform. Three Tethyan zones span the Cenomanian/Turonian interval in the Guerrero- Morelos platform. One unconformity is near the base of the Middle-Upper Cenomanian Pseudorhapydionina dubia Zone and several are in the Upper Cenomanian-Lower Turonian Whiteinella archaeocretacea Zone. Continuous deposition resumed at the base of the Lower Turonian Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica Zone. The drowning unconformity of the platform is at the contact between the Morelos and Cuautla or Mexcala formations and is dated as latest Cenomanian. The base of the Turonian at 93.50 Ma is at or a few meters above this disconformable contact in most sections, so drowning began before the end of the Cenomanian by a minimum of 600kyr where the top of the Morelos is not eroded.
Maximum flooding or maximum starvation? Exploring the development of the maximum flooding surface in carbonate systems with multi-valued logic
Authors: Parcell William C.
Published: December 2023

Since the mid 20th century, one of the best horizons for stratigraphic correlations in clastic and carbonate systems has been what is now commonly identified as the “maximum flooding surface". However, various definitions for the term “maximum flooding surface" have appeared over the years, calling on a range of sedimentary processes to form the surface depending on the depositional system. Disagreement over the definition of the maximum flooding surface is largely due to ambiguous characteristics, assorted identification techniques and conflicting genetic interpretations. Multi-valued logic (or fuzzy logic) methods can be used to address some of these problems of uncertainty. This paper discusses how the multi-valued logic methods of “fuzzy classifier design" and “fuzzy inference systems" are used to manage subjectivity in carbonate sequence stratigraphic models. Multi-valued logic methods are used to 1) quantify sedimentary characteristics through fuzzy classifier design to elucidate subjective identification and to facilitate repeated recognition of the maximum flooding surface in rock descriptions and to 2) develop a fuzzy inference system to model the development of the surface. The fuzzy inference system argues that in carbonate systems the time of maximum sediment starvation and maximum water depth are discrete events. The surface of maximum starvation is recorded as a nearly synchronous horizon associated with the maximum rate of sea level rise, whereas the maximum bathymetric event is highly diachronous due to the interplay of rates of sediment accumulation and accommodation space.
A magnetostratigraphically-constrained chronology for late Miocene bolboformids and planktic foraminifers in the temperate Southwest Pacific
Authors: Crundwell Martin P. , Nelson Campbell S.
Published: December 2023

High-resolution bolboformid and planktic foraminiferal distribution data from the upper Miocene section of ODP Site 1123, Chatham Rise, New Zealand, have been integrated with the magnetostratigraphic record from the same site to establish a magnetobiochronology based on the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS-95). Although the upper Miocene sequence is adversely affected by dissolution, 33 bioevents are identified based on dissolution resistant taxa that are also found at DSDP Site 593 – an important biostratigraphic reference section for the Neogene in the Tasman Sea. A scatter plot based on the stratigraphic positions of shared bioevents at these oceanic sites approximates a linear line of correlation. The tight grouping of the biostratigraphic data around the line of correlation and the consistency of their stratigraphic order suggest most events are synchronous or nearly so, even though the sites are more than 1400km apart and associated with different water masses. This implies that even though the biostratigraphic construct is based on only two oceanic sites, it provides a robust late Miocene biochronostratigraphic framework for the temperate Southwest Pacific. Shared bolboformid events include the appearances and disappearances of Bolboforma subfragoris s.l. (11.56-10.61 Ma), B. gruetzmacheri (10.46-10.31 Ma), B. capsula (10.20-10.13 Ma), B. pentaspinosa (10.15-10.08 Ma), B. gracilireticulata s.l. (9.75-9.61 Ma), B. metzmacheri s.s. (lower occurrence interval 9.54-9.34 Ma, upper occurrence interval 9.01-8.78 Ma), B. metzmacheri ornata (8.45-8.28 Ma), B. praeintermedia (8.25-8.21 Ma), and abundance spikes associated with the uppermost B. subfragoris s.l. occurrence interval BBs-1123/D (10.61 Ma) and the lower B. metzmacheri s.s. occurrence interval BBm-1123/A (9.54 Ma). Shared planktic foraminiferal events include dextral coiling excursions in Globoconella miotumida (10.92-10.82 Ma and 9.62-9.42 Ma), the regional disappearance of Globoquadrina dehiscens (8.88 Ma), and the evolutionary appearances of Globoconella conomiozea (ca. 6.87 Ma), Globoconella mons (ca. 5.72 Ma), Globoconella sphericomiozea (ca. 5.53 Ma), Globoconella pliozea (ca. 5.39 Ma), Truncorotalia crassaformis (ca. 5.15 Ma), and Globoconella puncticulata (ca. 5.11 Ma).
Unresolved issues in Cenozoic chronostratigraphy
Authors: Fluegeman Richard H.
Published: December 2023

Cenozoic chronostratigraphy has been an active area of research over the past 50 years. The expanding search for energy and the development of international scientific drilling have resulted in a wealth of stratigraphic data. Many issues in Cenozoic chronostratigraphy, however, remain unresolved. For example, of the 18 recognized stages within the Cenozoic, only 9 have a ratified Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). Only the Pliocene Series has all of its component stages defined by GSSPs. Good progress has been made on the remaining 9 stages. Almost all have guide events identified which should serve for correlation and many have candidate sections which may serve as GSSPs. The outlook is good for the ratification of all Cenozoic GSSPs within several years but the target date of 2008 may be too optimistic. At least three other unresolved issues dealing with Cenozoic chronostratigraphy need further discussion and research. They include the status and chronostratigraphic rank of the Tertiary, the stage nomenclature at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, and the “decapitationâ€ of the historic Priabonian Stage. The unresolved GSSPs represent an immediate concern. The stability of correlations within the Cenozoic depends on the establishment and maintenance of GSSPs. Future work on Cenozoic Earth history will be enhanced by the completion of this task.
Chronostratigraphic terminology: Building on principles
Authors: Aubry Marie-Pierre
Published: December 2023

Relative time in earth history is linked to geometrical relationships —below means older, and above means younger—and is rooted in the three fundamental principles of horizontality, lateral continuity and superposition enunciated by Steno (1669). This relationship between spatial geometry and time is the reason for dual terminology in chronostratigraphy, with rock-units (Lower/Upper) determining time-units (Early/Late). Abandoning the former would sever chronostratigraphy from its roots, and lead to semantic confusion. Lower and Upper specify position, and apply only to the observed sedimentary record. Early and Late specify interpreted time, and denote not only relative age (i.e., time of deposition) but also time of subsequent diagenesis or alteration. Although each concept closely implies the other, they are not the same logically. Dual terminology should be retained.
Chronostratigraphy beyond the GSSP
Authors: Aubry Marie-Pierre
Published: December 2023

The introduction of the GSSP concept has been successful to the extent that it has fostered a considerable amount of stratigraphic studies. It has also led to a re-thinking of stratigraphic principles and practices. Chronostratigraphy as practiced today attempts to reconcile two opposite philosophical principles, the rock-time model of Hedberg and the time-rock model of Harland. I argue here that the time-rock model does not serve chronostratigraphy well and that a return to Hedbergian principles is necessary to ensure the correct application of chronostratigraphic principles. As the definition of GSSPs for the Phanerozoic record is nearing completion, new complementary steps should be undertaken to strengthen the GSSP concept. One concerns the elaboration of frameworks of correlation so that GSSP sections would not stand isolated. The designation of reference sections at high latitude or in terrestrial records would validate this effort. Another concerns the re-introduction of unit stratotypes, for the benefit of the Astronomical Time Scale, and to broaden the use of chronohorizons for worldwide correlations. Both undertakings will foster continued scientific discussion and openness in the stratigraphic community.
The scale-dependence of strata-time relations: implications for stratigraphic classification
Authors: Brenchley Patrick , Trewin Nigel , Stone Philip , Rawson Peter , Oates Michael , Marshall John , Knox Robert , Greory F. John , Gibbard Philip , Cantrill David , Zalasiewicz Jan , Bown Paul R. , Barry Tiffanhy L. , Waters Colin , Powell John , Gale Andrew , Williams Mark , Hounslow Mark , Smith Alan
Published: December 2023

The establishment of chronostratigraphic units such as geological Systems and Series depends upon an ability to equate succession in rock strata with the passage of time, and upon a pervasive Law of Superposition. These assumptions hold true at a gross scale. But, at fine scales of stratigraphic resolution, they commonly break down. Thus, bioturbation in Phanerozoic marine deposits typically homogenizes sedimentary packages spanning millennia, affecting biostratigraphic, isotopic and paleomagnetic signals, and post-burial mass transport phenomena such as large-scale sedimentary slumps and intra-stratal diapirs locally disrupt superpositional relationships on a larger scale. Furthermore: the multi-stage transport of microfossils prior to final burial complicates the relationship between depositional and biostratigraphic ages; paleomagnetic signals, imposed at shallow burial depths, may be distinct from depositional ages; and high precision zircon U-Pb dates from tuff layers determine time of crystallization in the magma, rather than depositional age. In such circumstances, depositional units cannot be unambiguously equated with time units: because they include multiple temporal components, they cannot be subdivided precisely into time-rock units. By contrast, the different phenomena which have contributed to constructing sedimentary deposits, pre-, syn- and post-depositional, may be effectively accommodated within a unitary geological time framework.
Miocene Central Paratethys stratigraphy – current status and future directions
Authors: Piller Werner E. , Harzhauser Mathias , Mandic Oleg
Published: December 2023

The complex geodynamic history of the Paratethys periodically fostered the evolution of a highly endemic biota with only limited exchange between the neighboring Mediterranean and Indo-Pacific provinces. The resulting very peculiar fossil assemblages forced the introduction of a regional chronostratigraphic subdivision for the Western/Central and Eastern Paratethys respectively. For the Central Paratethys we present a summarized and updated database for the individual stages, and we review the current status for correlation with the Mediterranean stratigraphic framework. The Miocene Central Paratethys stages were defined on exclusively paleontological criteria in type sections (holostratotypes and faciostratotypes). They are all bounded by either sedimentary hiatuses or distinct facies changes, inferred to mark lowstands in sea level, and not a single boundary stratotype has been defined. Some correlating tie-points to the Mediterranean succession are based on calcareous nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifers; magnetostratigraphic correlation is very limited. All stages can be assigned to the putatively third-order sea level cycles, with the Eggenburgian, Badenian and Pannonian Stages each spanning three cycles and the Ottnangian, Karpatian, and Sarmatian one each. The Karpatian/Badenian boundary correlates with the Burdigalian/Langhian (Early/Middle Miocene) boundary, and the Sarmatian/Pannonian boundary correlates with the Serravallian/Tortonian (Middle/Late Miocene) boundary. The correlation to third-order cycles and the detection of astronomical signals suggest that not only a regional but also a strong global signal is present in the rock record of the Central Paratethys. Since the current definition of a stage includes its global spread, formally defined regional stages are redundant and therefore also not necessary for the Central Paratethys. However, if stages are essentially regional, then a regional scale as for Central Paratethys would be much more appropriate.
Stratigraphy: gateway to geohistory and biohistory
Authors: McGowran Brian , Li Qianyu
Published: December 2023

Concerned with the ordination, correlation and age determination of the rock record and the events entombed therein, stratigraphy is the central discipline in geohistory and biohistory. We consider (from our Cenozoic perch) changes in stratigraphy since the gestation of the International Stratigraphic Guide—changes in response to the “revolutions" of plate tectonics, bolide theory, sequence stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy, and a cultural shift away from Lyellian gradualism. We discuss certain strictly stratigraphic matters in terms of the “Hedberg triad" of lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy, which triad has had its day as the core structure of the Guide. Sequence stratigraphy challenges both the lithostratigraphic formation and the notion of pervasive diachrony. Biostratigraphy flourishes in both its oppelzone and phylozone modes and is integrated increasingly with geomagnetic (the Cenozoic spine) and radiometric evidence in a sequence-and cyclostratigraphic context. Chronostratigraphic classification is hierarchical but rigid nesting is questioned.
Stratigraphy into the 21st century
Authors: Carter Robert M.
Published: December 2023

19th and 20th century stratigraphy often concerned itself primarily with classification and nomenclature, during what can be termed the heroic and codex ages of stratigraphy. In contrast, 21st century stratigraphy will fall within the post-modern age. In possession of agreed classification schemes, future stratigraphers will concentrate on (i) the reconstruction of earth environments and processes (including evolution) through time, (ii) the eficient location and recovery of useful earth resources, and (iii) the study of those geological hazards that can be understood within a stratigraphic context. The first objective -reconstructing environments through time -requires the use of a conceptual framework similar to the one that we term the geological time scale (GTS). The 21st century GTS will be based on GSSP designations at the base of all geological Periods and, ultimately, Ages, i.e. it will comprise an internationally agreed chronologic hierarchy. Recognition of local chronologic schemes (as distinct from biostratigraphies based on Oppelzones) will thereafter serve no useful purpose and local "Ages" will become redun-dant. Globally, recognition of a separate but completely parallel chronostratigraphic classification will also serve no useful purpose, and this hierarchy too will be abandoned. Correlation of events into the GTS will be undertaken using a wide variety of methods, including numeric dating, fossil occurrence, physical and chemical properties, tephrochronology and astrochronologic retrodictions. Biostrati-graphy, though remaining a vital tool, especially for Phanerozoic strata, will carry no necessary correlation primacy. Meeting the second and third objectives -locating and recovering earth resources, and studying hazards -requires first and fore-most the creation of detailed geological maps and stratigraphic columns. The lithostratigraphic hierarchy of Bed-Member-Forma-tion-Group-Supergroup is an efficient and mostly objective classification whereby useful maps and columns are created. Because geological mapping is concerned with local stratigraphic detail and complexity, it cannot, like chronology, be organized within a global nomenclature. Over different large areas, different major, genetically-related packages of sediments correspond to the form ation, filling and sometimes destruction of sedimentary basins -as driven by regional tectonic events, and as influenced by regional climatic and oceanographic histories. At the supra-Group or supra-Supergroup level, major sediment assemblages of this type are separated by re-gional unconformities, as recognized by the creation of a category of Unconformity-bounded Units (UBU) in the 1994 2nd edition of the International Stratigraphic Guide. Whether or not UBU are continued with as a formal unit of classification, the strong need will persist for the type of regional, unconformity-bounded units that have successively been termed Sequence and Synthem, for use as the highest level within the lithostratigraphic hierarchy.
Is there a role for sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy?
Authors: Christie-Blick Nicholas , Pekar Stephen F. , Madof Andrew S.
Published: December 2023

Sequence stratigraphy revolutionized the field of stratigraphy in the late 1970s and 1980s by providing an interpretive depositional framework for integrating diverse stratigraphic data at the scale of sedimentary basins. However, a lack of consensus on criteria for recognizing, mapping and hence dating sequence boundaries, interpretations of uneven quality, and doubts about the universal eustatic origin and global synchrony of unconformity-related sequences limit the usefulness of sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy.
Holocene temperature variability in western Ireland: Evidence from limnic ostracode assemblages and stable isotope values
Authors: Tibert Neil E. , Patterson William A. , Diefendorf Aaron F. , Martini Anna
Published: December 2023

Western Ireland is ideally situated to receive maritime precipitation that has uncomplicated trajectory histories. Biota in Irish lakes therefore have the potential to divulge temperature and precipitation records for the Holocene. Blanket bog cores adjacent to Lough Corrib contain abundant ostracoda whose calcite shells were analyzed for stable oxygen and carbon isotope values. The earliest Holocene sediments are characterized by the cool water, oligotrophic ostracode Limnocytherina sanctipatricii that displays relatively high δ18O and δ13C values, indicative of cool, arid conditions. Middle Holocene sediments are characterized by cool, humid conditions differentiated by abundant Metacypris cordata that thrived on productive carbonate benches surrounding the lake perimeter. Relatively low oxygen isotope values suggest cool, wet conditions. Carbon isotope values are relatively low as DIC was dominated by terrestrial organic matter. Late Holocene warm, humid conditions are differentiated by decreased Metacypris cordata abundance and relatively high δ18O values in response to increased atmospheric warmth and increased rates of vegetative production. Possible climate excursions include the 8.2 kyr cold event and the Middle Holocene Thermal Maximum.
Review of The New Zealand geological timescale, R.A. Cooper, Editor.
Authors: McGowran Brian
Published: December 2023

Review
PENGARUH JUMLAH UANG BEREDAR, BI RATE DAN JUMLAH KASUS COVID TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM SYARIAH
Authors: Samiudin Askal
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the money supply, the BI Rate and the number of cases of covid 19 on stock returns on the Jakar Islamic Index (JII), the research method used was a quantitative method with a descriptive approach, while the subjects of this study were 15 companies. which is listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) stock index for the 2020-2021 period, and uses secondary data. data analysis using multiple linear regression using software eviews 10. The results of this study show that the amount of money in circulation does not affect stock returns at JII, the BI Rate affects stock returns at JII, the number of covid 19 cases does not affect stock returns at JII.
Using navigation in cases requiring upper cervical instrumentation in clinics without intraoperative imaging technology
Authors: KARAOGLU Ahmet , KUYTU Turgut
Published: December 2023

Upper cervical spine surgery which requires instrumentation is a highly complicated procedure, both due to the presence of critical structures in the region and variable pedicle anatomy. Despite the widespread use of technological advances as intraoperative imaging and navigation technologies aimed at preventing screw malposition and injuries to the critical neural and vascular structures, there are only a few clinics capable of employing those technologies. In clinics lacking intraoperative imaging facilities that assist in the instrumentation of the upper cervical spine, navigation technology can be employed in both posterior and anterior approaches with the assistance of the technique described in this manuscript. This approach will not only decrease complication rates compared with the freehand method, but also considerably lower radiation exposure for both the patient and surgical team.
Assessing Patient Demographics and Emergency Response Adaptation in a Primary-Level State Hospital Following the 6 February Türkiye Earthquakes
Authors: BATAR Suat , AYDIN Mehmet Talha , YUŞAN Mehmet Berke , ÇAMUR Savaş , SOYLEMEZ Mehmet Salih
Published: December 2023

Aim: On 6 February 2023, a series of earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.8, 6.6, and 7.6 struck the south-eastern region of Türkiye within a span of 10 hours, starting from 04:00 am. These earthquakes resulted in a devastating loss of life, with casualties exceeding 50,000 across 10 provinces. The destruction caused by these earthquakes was widespread with the collapse of many buildings, including hospitals. This study aimed to assess the patient demographics and emergency response adaptation in a primary-level state hospital following the 6 February Türkiye earthquakes.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Reyhanlı State Hospital, which remained largely unaffected by the earthquakes. The hospital faced challenges in providing medical care due to the loss of staff, damaged infrastructure, and limited resources. A volunteer orthopaedic surgery team, along with other medical professionals, provided treatment to the earthquake victims. The patient data was collected from the conventional record book of the operating room.

Results: From 6 to 12 February 2023, a total of 111 surgeries were performed at the hospital, with 92 (%83) being earthquake-related. Orthopaedic surgeons operated on most of the patients. The most common surgeries included fasciotomies, amputations, and fracture fixations. The surgeries were performed in a time-sensitive manner, with immediate life- and extremity-saving procedures prioritized. The hospital's infrastructure challenges and the lack of digital recording systems hampered the data collection process.

Conclusion: The study highlights challenges faced by a primary-level Hospital during the earthquakes. Our indings stress the importance of preparedness, infrastructure, and efficient patient records for effective emergency healthcare during natural disasters. Lessons learned can aid future plans for better emergency medical care in earthquake-prone regions.