bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of institutional collaborations in combating covid-19 in dessie, south wollo and oromia special zones of eastern amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: MULUGETA CHANE WUBE(MBA)
Published: December 2020

COVID-19, declared as a global pandemic by WHO, is the ‘eye and ear’ of the world and disturbed the economic, social and political situations of almost all countries regardless of the economic development. In an effort to combat the virus, this descriptive survey tried to assess the role of institutional collaborations in Dessie City Administration, South Wollo and Oromia Special zones of Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. It also tried to examine the material, financial, technical supports and leadership commitment in combating COVID-19.A total of 385 purposely selected samples of institutions from government, private and NGOs were surveyed in 7 Woredas. Primary sources of data were used using questionnaire, interview and focus group discussions. Moreover, secondary sources of data mainly reports of anti-corona task forces reports were also used. The results of the study shows that an average financial and technical supports were provided in an effort to combat the pandemic. A below average material support and above average leadership commitments that results in an average overall outcomes of institutions collaboration in combating COVID-19 was exhibited in the study. The correlation result also found that material, financial, technical supports and leadership commitment has a significant positive impact on the outcomes of institutional collaborations in combating COVID-19.The study concluded that institutional collaboration played its own role in combating COVID-19. The study recommended that anti corona task forces organized in combating the virus from federal to Kebele level should incorporate non-government institutions together with government institutions as a member in the team so that all members of the community can be reached in an effort to mobilize adequate resources in tackling the problem.
Plato, Aristotle & the Dialectics of Poetry
Authors: Bikash Sharma
Published: December 2020

The present paper attempts at estimating the legacy of two of the seminal philosophical minds, Plato and Aristotle. Their ideas have been so instrumental in shaping western critical literary tradition that any discussion on literary theory and criticism has to have them as a point of reference. Plato’s negative conception of mimesis is juxtaposed with Aristotle’s affirmative stand. The paper also examines the various philosophical and pragmatic charges labelled against poetry by Plato in his works such as Republic, Phaedrus and Ion.  The paper concludes with a general overview of critical responses to Plato by succeeding men of letters.
Globalization, its essence, causes and consequences
Authors: Dinara Abdunayimova
Published: December 2020

This article reviews the phenomenon of globalization, its essence, content and causes are analyzed in various aspects. The special attention is paid to the cultural aspect, opinions of sociologists on the distribution of heterogeneity of world culture and globalization of culture its causes and consequences are analyzed. The theme of global languages and the problem of preserving cultural identity and heritage of different nations and peoples are also revealed.
Implementasi model numbered head together pada pembelajaran matematika di madrasah ibtidaiyah
Authors: Nanda Ihda Rohmatillah H
Published: December 2020

This research was conducted aiming to influence of the application  of the Numbered Head Together Model on student Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Grade IV MI Ma’arif Pamotan. Especially on the circumference of flat shapes material. This type of reserarch used in this research is descriptive quantitative with experimental method. Samples taken form class IV amounting to 30 students. However, due to the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus an did non get permission from parents, researchers were only able to take 17 samples . data collection techniques used were questionnaires, test instrument and documentation. The result of this research used SPSS 25 type showed that the learning of the Numbered Head Together is affect to student learning. This is demonstrated by the results of the analysis of the sig value was acquired by 0,468 with the “T” count < T table that cause H0 rejected and Ha received.
Identification of identifiable parameters affecting aerodynamic performance
Authors: R.Safarov  , A.R.Safarov
Published: December 2020

The developed scientific works are directly related to solving the problems of identifying multi-parameter objects. The proposed algorithm is effectively implemented on a computer, which is confirmed by calculations of problems of supersonic aerodynamics
Implementasi Kurikulum K13 Dengan Pendekatan Saintifik Pada Pelajaran Pai Di Smp Negeri I Beji
Authors: Mukhamad Auliya Rahman  , Istikomah
Published: December 2020

Dalam proses pembelajaran, peserta didik menjadi subjek dan objek dari kegiatan pembelajaran. Pendekatan  pembelajaran  itu mampu memberikan kebutuhan peserta didik aktif dan pendekatan  itu juga dapat menarik peserta didik pasif supaya berubah menjadi aktif di pembelajaran. Pendekatan saintifik ialah pendekatan pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan dengan tahapan mengamati, menanya, mencoba, menalar, dan mengkomunikasikan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Subyek penelitiannya adalah Kepala Sekolah, Waka Kurikulum, dan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri I Beji. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk tehnik analisis dan interpretasi data yang digunakan ini sesuai dengan konsep Mules and Hubermen yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah implementasi K13 dengan pendekatan saintifik pada pelajaran PAI kelas VII di SMP Negeri I Beji yaitu memerlukan beberapa tahap yang dilakukan guru dan siswa di dalam kelas agar proses belajar dapat dikatakan berbasis ilmiah dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan kehidupan sehari-hari. Tahapan tersebut adalah mengamati, menanya, mengeksplorasi, mengasosiasi, dan mengkomunikasikan. Sedangkan untuk Hambatan dalam melaksakan pendekatan saintifik di SMPN 1 Beji pada pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam, yakni peserta didik masih malu untuk maju ke depan kelas dan Fasilitas pendukung yang masih terbatas.
Hydrochloric acid treatment of the well
Authors: Shukurov Abror Sharipovich
Published: December 2020

This article is about salt chemical treatment and hot acid treatment of wells. In this case, research has covered different points of theoretical and methodological the hydrochloric acid treatment of the well. Finally, research has pinpointed on various views of outcomes and shortcomings at all.
The period in which ghazali lived: the socio-political situation and the spiritual environment
Authors: Qodirov Davronbek Hoshimovich
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the period of Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, the socio-political situation in the caliphate, the spiritual life and scientific activity of the thinker, as well as the ideas and mystical works that influenced the formation of his ideological, political, cultural and moral views.
Aspects of the formation of market relations in Uzbekistan
Authors: Yadgarova Sh.Kh.  , Tagirova Yu.F  , Tursunov A.Q
Published: December 2020

Market economy is the basis of commodity-money relations, the nature of which is determined by objective economic laws. Market relations began to take shape at the dawn of civilization and went through more than a thousand-year path of development. Historically, two types of market relations. The first was spontaneously composed of scattered and uncoordinated actions of the producer and the consumer. The second is the complete opposite of the first: the state, through the introduction of prices, taxes, interest rates, profits, rents, subsidies and other instruments, has made market relations focused. The world experience and experience of Uzbekistan indicate that the market economy is developing according to objective laws that do not depend on anyone's will, and their ignoring is fraught with serious negative consequences. At present, market relations are the main form of existence of the world economy.
The lexical-semantic properties of the symbol
Authors: Dilnoza Sharipova Shavkatovna
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the essence of the symbol, its features and its significance in public life are illustrated by examples, being one of the most important forms of figurative thinking, which are classified by thematic groups. The structure of traditional symbols is based on the creation of folklore and a system of symbolic images, which has been used in literature for centuries
The features of interpersonal relations of children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Amirsaidova Shakhnoza Mirsagatovna
Published: December 2020

This article reflects the main problems and difficulties experienced by junior schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities in relationships with peers.
"Differential diagnosis of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndromes"
Authors: Gafforov Sunnatullo Amrulloevich  , Astanov Otabek Mirjonovich
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a study of a specially developed map proposed by the authors in 84 patients with TMJ DM aged from 20 to 60 years, and 36 patients without TMJ dysfunction were selected as a control. According to the results of the study, the authors found that the main number of patients accounted for 59.6% after 40 years and among women - 61.9% of cases; also found in patients 46.42% occlusive-articulatory syndrome, 33.33% neuromuscular syndrome and 20.23% dislocation of the intra-articular disc; that the relationship between the amplitude of the vertical movement of the lower jaw, changes in the bioelectric potential of the masticatory muscle and the occurrence of these pathologies
Technology of logopedic examination and fluid speech for children
Authors: Maxkamova Umida Abdusattarovna
Published: December 2020

The article identifies the process of speech therapy for stuttering children's speech: the causes of stuttering, collection of anamnesis of children with stuttering speech defects, comprehensive examination of various aspects of speech, identification of the mechanism of developmental disorders and levels of stuttering using speech therapy-corrective technologies. Through this examination, the problems of speech defects in children in a timely manner were considered, and the purpose of the article was to reveal the concepts of stuttering, their comprehensive examination and methods of overcoming stuttering.
Speech features of children with hearing impairments
Authors: Muzaffarova Nodira Mardonovna
Published: December 2020

The degree of speech development is not the same as that of hearing impairment and depends on the following factors: the degree of hearing impairment; the time of onset of the hearing analyzer defect; pedagogical conditions of the child after hearing analyzer dysfunction; specific characteristics of the child. Each of the above factors plays a major role in assessing children’s speech. Hearing and speech development in children are directly related. The more a child’s hearing, the more speech is affected. If the importance of hearing is low, then the deviation of speech is not pronounced. If there is a hearing loss, the child will remain deaf until special education begins. With moderate hearing loss, there are disturbances in the phonetic, lexical, grammatical side of speech. Hearing loss can occur at different times in a child’s life. The presence or absence of a secondary appearance of the defect depends on the time factor. The faster the impairment occurs, the more it affects the formation of speech function. In a child under the age of two, the ability to hear leads to a complete lack of speech if speech is not yet formed. By the age of 3-3.5, hearing loss leads to loss of formed speech. If special preparation is not started immediately, speech will be almost completely broken by the age of 4-5 with full hearing. At the age of 6-7 years, hearing loss leads to a sharp deterioration of the child's speech, and without special pedagogical assistance, speech gradually deteriorates.
Study of the effect of bismuth electrophysical properties of gallium phosphide single crystals
Authors: Alibekov Sayfulla Abduganievich
Published: December 2020

Semeconductor compounds with is ovalent impurities, effect of bismuth electrophysical properties,  processing into a growing crystal, electrical properties of Ga P, mobility of crystals , the interaction of bismuth with silicon
Tugas ke dua statistik pendidikan
Authors: Irma
Published: December 2020

Alahamdulilah tugas ke dua statistik pendidikan islam telah di selesaikan pada tanggal 12 desember 2020
Environmental Linkages in Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Elfath Assyifa
Published: December 2020

Based on the results of studies and research by the author above, it can beconcluded that the environment has an important role in learning Indonesian.Environmental materials can help students' skills and can foster interest and enthusiasmin learning Indonesian. Environmental material can also make it easier for students tounderstand Indonesian material well, increase students 'insight, and can build students'linguistic intelligence. Then environmental learning can be integrated into Indonesiansubjects to provide comprehensive knowledge and skills in protecting the environment.This paper is used as material for joint evaluation for writers, readers and the generalpublic to protect the environment together for environmental preservation.
Keajaiban Ekonomi Vietnam: Sebuah Eksploitasi Tidak Kasat Mata
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Keajaiban ekonomi Vietnam adalah peristiwa yang menjelaskan kebangkitan ekonomi Vietnam semenjak adanya reformasi ekonomi bernama Doi Moi yang dimulai sejak tahun 1986. Keajaiban tersebut ditandai dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi Vietnam yang mencapai angka 7,5% per tahun.
Hadis-Hadis tentang objek dakwah
Authors: Fazri Muhamad Ali
Published: December 2020

Dakwah memiliki kedudukan yang sangat penting, secara hukum dakwah menjadi kewajiban yang harus di emban oleh setiap muslim. Ada banyak dalil yang bisa dijadikan rujukan untuk mendukung pernyataan wajibnya melaksanakan tugas dakwah, baik dari Al Quran maupun Hadis Nabi.
The possibility of a kind of Bose particle to obtain high energy and superradiance
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang
Published: December 2020

When \Delta x \Delta p < \hbar / 2 happens at the same time when the entropy reaches its maximum value, the boson will condense, and if there is a potential well but it does not explode, then the boson will gain high energy (more than normal).This article is to illustrate the possibility of a kind of Bose particle to obtain high energy.
PHF20 is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined public and published microarray data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the plant homeodomain (PHD) finger protein 20, PHF20, as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed lower levels of PHF20 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, demonstrating decreased primary tumor expression of an epigenetic molecule which is described to stabilize and activate the tumor suppressor p53 (5) as a direct or indirect transcriptional consequence of treatment with trastuzumab.
sistem persamaan linier dua variabel
Authors: Muawwana Nur Amalia
Published: December 2020

Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (PLDV) adalah sebuah bentuk relasi sama dengan pada bentuk aljabar yang memiliki dua variabel dan keduanya berpangkat satu. Dikatakan Persamaan Linear karena pada bentuk persamaan ini jika digambarkan dalam bentuk grafik, maka akan terbentuk sebuah grafik garis lurus (linear).
Waste from ceramic bricks, as a raw material for the production of restoration materials
Authors: Машарипова Шарофат
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the properties of wasteceramic bricks as technogenic mineral raw materials for reusein the production of wall materials.The article describes howthe production of ceramic bricks allows you to destroyindustrial waste in large quantities and using traditionaltechnologies and equipment. The works prove the possibilityof using various man-made materials in the production ofceramic bricks as an additive, and in some compositions as themain raw material, replacing partially or completelynon-renewable resources of clay rocks. The large volume ofproduction of ceramic bricks allows you to dispose ofindustrial waste in significant quantities and a wide range oftheir composition using traditional technology and hardware.The obtained results indicate the possibility of using brickfighting in the current technology of ceramic bricks of theM125, M 150 brand with a content of up to 30 wt of brickpowder in a two-component charge. % at a firing temperatureof up to 950 °C, which meets regulatory requirements. Thus,as a result of the experiment, the possibility of using the wasteof ceramic bricks as a desiccant was established. Thistechnogenic raw material is recommended after appropriategrinding.
Analisis Kemiskinan Ditinjau dari Tempat Tinggal, Pekerjaan, Pendapatan, dan Pendidikan di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Tamsah Hasmin , Mariah
Published: December 2020

Poverty is a complex social problem, therefore handling must be complex. This paper aims to uncover the real conditions of the poor in South Sulawesi using resource grounded. Research shows that poor people in South Sulawesi forced to live in slum housing or live in a cramped room, inadequate sanitation, and no proper health standards. They work in the informal sector as a handyman bentor, pedicab drivers, masons, fishermen, or agricultural labourers. This has resulted in their income is very low, the average median IDR5.218 per day per person or IDR36.526 per day per family, while the expenditure of the poor at IDR6.147 per day per person or at IDR43.031 per day per family. Low income causes a very low level of education. The long -term problem, if it is down to the next generation, will be very dangerous for the survival of their families in particular and the next generation in general.
Neutralidad de las descripciones y compromiso del investigador
Authors: Jiménez-Albornoz Juan
Published: December 2020

The distinction between facts judgments and value judgments is the basis, at the same time, of both the neutrality of descriptions and the inherent commitment of the researcher, without devaluing the validity of value judgments. It is relevant to acknowledge the difference between what grounds a fact judgment from what grounds a value judgment. What is invalid -as fact judgment and as value judgment- is the attempt to generate neutral recommendations only from facts, the technocratic idea of an intervention that do not involves commitment. There is no such thing as a neutral action, and the real of neutrality is reduce only to description
Moralizing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Self-Interest Predicts Moral Condemnation of Other's Compliance, Distancing and Vaccination
Authors: Bor Alexander , Jørgensen Frederik Juhl , Lindholt Marie Fly , Petersen Michael Bang
Published: December 2020

The emergence of the novel coronavirus has put societies under tremendous pressure to instigate massive and rapid behavior change. Throughout history, an effective strategy to facilitate novel behaviors has been to morally condemn those who do not behave in an appropriate way. Accordingly, here, we investigate if complying with the advice of health authorities---e.g. to physically distance or vaccinate---has emerged as a moralized issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Study 1, we rely on data (N = 94K) from quota-sampled rolling cross-sectional online surveys from eight countries (Denmark, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, Hungary, the UK, and the US). We find that large majorities find it justified to condemn those who do not keep a distance to others in public and around half of respondents blame ordinary citizens for the severity of the pandemic. Furthermore, we identify the most important predictors of condemnation to be behavior change and personal concern, while institutional trust and social distrust also play large but less consistent roles. Study 2 offers a registered replication of our findings on a representative sample of Britons (N = 1.5K). It shows that both moralization and condemnation of both vaccination and general compliance are best predicted by self-interested considerations.
Intelligence Predicts Sensory Discrimination Ability but not Implicit Reward Learning
Authors: Sassenberg Tyler , Xi Muchen , Zhao Daiqing , Blain Scott D. , DeYoung Colin G.
Published: December 2020

Previous research has made use of sensory discrimination tasks that incorporate differential reinforcement schedules as a method for measuring individual differences in implicit reward learning. One such task utilizing a differential reinforcement schedule was popularized by Pizzagalli et al. (2005) with the intent of behaviorally assessing anhedonia and reward sensitivity. Various studies have examined implicit reward learning in relation to clinical symptoms and personality traits, including anhedonia, depression, and Extraversion. Despite extensive use of these tasks, they have not been extensively examined in relation to intelligence. Other research suggests positive associations of intelligence with sensory discrimination ability. The present study utilized a probabilistic reward task incorporating differential reinforcement in a large community sample to determine the relations among IQ, sensory discrimination ability, and implicit reward learning. Participants (N = 298) completed a sensory discrimination task, as well as an IQ test. IQ was not associated with participants’ levels of implicit reward learning but was positively associated with sensory discrimination ability. These findings provide further understanding of the complex relations among implicit learning, sensory discrimination ability, and intelligence.
BUKU AJAR POTENSI DAUN KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA) DAN DAUN NANGKA (ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS) SEBAGAI PAKAN ADITIF FUNGSIONAL BAGI TERNAK RUMINANSIA
Authors: Harahap Angelia Utari
Published: December 2020

Daun kelor sangat terkenal dikonsumsi sebagai sayuran dan dapat berfungsi meningkatkan jumlah ASI (air susu ibu) pada ibu menyusui sehingga mendapat julukan Mother’s Best Friend. Kelor disebut Miracle Tree dan Mother’s Best Friend karena kelor memiliki sifat fungsional bagi kesehatan serta mengatasi kekurangan nutrisi. Kelor berpotensi sebagai bahan baku dalam industri kosmetik, obat-obatan dan perbaikan lingkungan yang terkait dengan cemaran dan kualitas air bersih, selain itu kelor merupakan tanaman legum yang memiliki kandungan tanin dan saponin dan salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan baik sebagai bahan makanan maupun obat obatan adalah tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera L,), Ketersediaan daun kelor yang cukup melimpah dan tersedia sepanjang tahun merupakan salah satu pertimbangan untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan campuran dalam pakan yang relatif murah. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) merupakan salah satu bahan pakan potensial bagi ruminansia karena memiliki sumber karbohidrat dan protein yang cukup tinggi. Selain daun kelor ada tanaman nangka yang banyak dimanfaatkan salah satunya adalah daun nangka. Tanaman nangka merupakan tanaman yang tergolong ke dalam jenis buah tahunan. Tanaman nangka berasal dari India dan menyebarkan luas ke berbagai daerah tropis terutama Indonesia. Daun nangka layak dijadikan hijauan alternatif dalam menghadapi musim kemarau karena sifat dari pohon nangka yang mudah tumbuh, meskipun kurang tahan terhadap kekeringan tetapi karena sifatnya sebagai tanaman kayu yang hidup menahun maka akarnya akan jauh masuk ke dalam tanah sehingga masih dapat mendapatkan suplai air asal kekeringan atau kemarau tidak terlalu panjang. Daun nangka adalah sumber tanin yang potensial digunakan sebagai proteksi protein. Hal tersebut karena pohon nangka tumbuh subur di daerah tropis dan cukup familiar bagi para petani khususnya peternak. Belakangan ini, banyak masyarakat semakin menyadari potensi daun kelor dan daun nangka sumber pendapatan. Banyaknya nutrisi yang terkandung dalam daun kelor dan daun nangka merupakan peningkatan penanggulangan krisis pangan, kesehatan, terutama dalam pemanasan global dunia. Buku ajar ini dibuat guna mendukung proses pembelajaran untuk semua rumpun ilmu yang terkait dalam penggunaannya. Umumnya, buku ini dirasa akan berkontribusi pada kelompok ilmu terapan dan khususnya pada bidang yang melakukan proses pengolahan pangan. Prioritas isi dalam buku ini yakni mengupas potensi tanaman lokal yang unggul sebagai sumber tanin, antioksidan, antimikroba dan antikanker. Selain itu, beberapa hasil penelitan yang terkait dengan tanaman kelor dan nangka juga dilampirkan sebagai acuan dalam menguatkan hasil kajian ilmiah yang telah dilakukan. Kiranya, buku ajar ini dapat memberi manfaat dan kontribusi bagi pembaca dalam kemajuan ilmu dibidang teknologi pengolahan pangan khususnya produk hasil ikutan ternak yang berbasis sumber lokal. Akhir kata, tim penyusun buku ini mengucapkan terimakasih dan salam edukasi.
Stacked-timber ratio and stem volume of horse chestnut trees within Kyiv City urban stands
Authors: Lesnik O. M.
Published: December 2020

Urban forest are influenced by urban environment, what has a negative effect on the vital activities of the trees. Growth environment of trees on urban territories and in natural areas are completely different. Research data was collected in urban forest stands of Kyiv city during thinnings. Special methodological characteristics of the measuring of main biometrical tree parameters in urban area are explained in this work. Importantly, chestnut trees have morphological feature which stems are branching on the certain height leading to occurrence of the several main branches. Modelling tree stem volume, the most important pattern to find was a mathematical dependence of form factors on the main tree biometrical parameters. Basic descriptive statistics of chestnut trees parameters were estimated. It is defined that the percentage of trunk volume decreases with an increase of tree diameter and in trees over 60 cm can make up to 30% of the total tree volume. Carrying out a correlation analysis of model trees, it was examined that form factors of tree stems were highly linked to the branching height. Based on the statistical analysis it was estimated that developed mathematical model reflected empirical data adequately and could be validated according to the current forest mensuration accuracy requirements properly. Moreover, a bias of the developed form factor model examined using Student t-criteria is not significant. Respective information-support tables to estimate stem volume of chestnut trees were created based on the developed form factor model, harnessing the classical formula of forest mensuration. Given stem volume tables created considering physiological features of chestnut trees under urban environment conditions can be utilized by the organizations which manage forest stands and parks within settlements.
Studi Kasus: Babesiosis (Piroplasmosis) disertai Infestasi Caplak yang Berat pada Anjing Gembala Jerman
Authors: Wira Amar , Batan I Wayan , Widyastuti Sri Kayati , Sukoco Hendro
Published: December 2020

Babesiosis is a parasitic disease in red blood cells due to protozoan infection of the genus Babesia which is transmitted through tick vectors. A 5-years-old male German shepherd had decreased appetite, weakness, and infestation of ticks throughout his body. Clinical examination showed Capillary Refill Time (CRT) <2 seconds, pale mouth mucosa, erythema throughout the body, philtrum was dry and slow skin turgor.  The results of a complete blood examination of the dog had hyperchromic microcytic anemia and lymphocytopenia, while the results of blood smear showed the existence of intraerythrocyte inclusion bodies. The dog was diagnosed with Babesiosis and treated with Ringer Lactate fluid therapy, administration of Clindamycin (25mg/kg BW; PO), Oxytetracycline (15mg/kg BW; PO), Anti-inflammatory Dexamethasone (0.5-1mg/kg BW; PO) and Hematodine (1ml/5kg BB; IV) given for seven days.  After treatment, the dog has increased appetite and after 14 days shows improvement in clinical signs.
DIRECTIONS AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEURODIDACTICS
Authors: Malsagova M.
Published: December 2020

In this article the main directions for the development of neurodidactics are identified. The author highlights individual and typological differences in the organization of the brain, motivation for learning, the emotional-motivational component of learning, neurodidactic principles of designing a modern educational environment, diagnostics of the initial level and others. These promising areas of neurodidactics development are constantly being supplemented due to the intensive development of this pedagogical branch.
Role of Framing towards Islamic Business Engagement in Asia: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Hashmi Waqar Haider , Mustafa Adeel
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the phenomenon of framing as a cause of making wrong decisions while investing in Islamic stocks. Framing refers to the bias of people that describes the way they respond to a specific option as per its offer. After collecting primary data through interviews, including open-ended questions from the Pakistani stock market under the subjective or constructivist research paradigm, NVivo it is applied to get word cloud for appropriate analysis. The study finds that there are so many complexities and impurities that blindfold brokers and investors to differentiate between Shariah-compliant versus conventional stocks. This research can be further extended by differentiating between long-term and short-term investment horizons.
The Empirical Test of Fama-French Five-Factor Model: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Haqqani Kanwal , Rahman Wali
Published: December 2020

This study provides an empirical examination of the Fama and French five-factor asset pricing model (FF5FM) in the equity market of Pakistan. Using data from 2007 to 2017of non-financial firms listed on PSX. The univariate approach is used to construct the dependent portfolios based on four firms characteristics, while a 2x3 approach is used to construct size, value, profitability, and investment factors. Time series regression is used to analyze the data to obtained results. The empirical evidence demonstrates that FF5FM performs better the three-factor model in the Pakistan stock market and the performance of the four-factor model that drops investment factor is similar to FF5FM except for portfolios constructed based on investment factor.
Syrian Skirmish: Security Hitch and Complexity in the Middle East
Authors: Akhtar Nasreen , Afridi Manzoor Khan
Published: December 2020

The Syrian skirmish, vis-�-vis Middle East region and complexities, has been analysed at three main levels -domestic, regional and extra-regional. The internal vulnerabilities of the Syrian state and society at a domestic level is dominant in paving the way for the origin of the conflict and providing the vacuum to the regional and extra-regional actors to further deteriorate the condition of Syria. The Syrian conflict is the central security issues within the Regional Security Complex of the Middle East. Although extra-regional relations influence regional security, the Syrian conflict poses more security threat to the regional actors. This paper will explain these questions; What role is being played by the extra-regional [global] powers in the Syrian conflict, and how the Syrian crises are increasing challenges to the security of the Middle East region?
Procedure for Out of Court Settlement of Consumer Disputes before the Passenger Ombudsman
Authors: Zawacka-Klonowska Dominika
Published: December 2020

The adoption of Directive 2013/11/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21.05.2013 on alternative dispute resolution methods for the settlement of consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC and Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21.05.2013 on the online system of consumer disputes resolution and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC, was intended to enable consumers to resolve disputes with entrepreneurs using alternative dispute resolution methods. In order to ensure that consumers can exercise the rights granted to them by EU law, by way of implementation of the Regulations there has been an amendment of the Act of 3 July 2003 - Aviation law (i.e. Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1580), on the basis of which the institution of the Passenger Ombudsman at the Civil Aviation Office was established, which is an entity entitled to conduct proceedings for the out-of-court settlement of consumer disputes between a passenger and an air carrier, tour operator, or seller of air tickets, entered into the register of entitled entities. The purpose of this study is to present the legal regulation concerning proceedings before the Ombudsman, indicating the political position of the Passenger Ombudsman and his team using analytical and comparative research methods.
The Scope of Regulation of Access to Activities in the Field of Organizing Tourist Events and Facilitating the Purchase of Related Tourist Services in Polish Law. Selected Issues
Authors: Maszewski Łukasz
Published: December 2020

The considerations carried out in this article focus on the scope of regulation of undertaking (access to) activities in the field of organizing tourist events and facilitating the purchase of related tourist services in the part relating to the features of the activity covered by it. Entities operating in this area are subject to specific legal obligations, including requirement for obtaining an entry in the register. Business in question is no longer a regulated activity but the provisions regarding this activity apply to it. This study also deals with the consequences of this seemingly insignificant change in the nomenclature. These issues are presented against the background of EU regulations and selected EU Member States.
Human Dignity Concepts in Judicial Reasoning. Study of National and International Law
Authors: Doroszewska Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Many modern legal systems declare, that protection of human dignity plays an important role in its construction. Therefore, a question may be asked if the concept of dignity is similar in different legal systems. The following paper presents the results of the research on human dignity concepts in reasoning of national (Polish and German Supreme Courts) and international courts (ICC, ECHR). Both national systems provide a constitutional protection of human dignity, Rome Statute, which constitutes the ICC, prohibits behaviours infringing dignity (model of Geneva Conventions), whereas the European Convention of Human Rights does not include the term “human dignity”, only prohibition of torture or “inhuman or degrading treatment”, what is understood as protection of dignity. On the basis of the research there could be stated, that each legal system has developed its own concept of human dignity, although all concepts have a similar core, as nearly all ways of understanding “protection of human dignity” are combined with a commitment to respect each person. This kind of respect could be assumed as a basis of human dignity protection.
Kalecik baraj gölü (Osmaniye)’nde yetiştiriciliği yapılan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nda Lernaea enfestasyonu üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: KURUMUŞ Mehmet , CENGİZLER İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada Osmaniye İl’inde bulunan Kalecik Baraj Gölü’nde yetiştiriciliği yapılan ekonomik bir balık türü olan Gökkuşağı alabalığı, Oncorhynchus mykiss’nın üretim sezonu olan Ekim 2015-Mayıs 2016 ve Ekim 2016-Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında 1000 adet balık bireyi üzerinde Lernaea sp. enfestasyonu araştırılmıştır. Ağ kafeslerde yetiştiriciliği yapılan alabalık bireyleri havuzlarda stoklanıp 15 günde bir örneklenmiş ve incelenmiştir. İncelenen balıklarda tespit edilen Lernaea bireyleri tutunduğu doku ile disekte edilerek daha sonra incelenmek üzere fiksatif içerisinde saklanmıştır. Yapılan çalışma neticesinde Mart ve Nisan aylarında enfestasyona rastlanmış, diğer aylarda enfeste balık tespit edilememiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistiki olarak değerlendirildiğinde ise araştırma yapılan aylar arasında istatistiki fark önemli (p<005) bulunmuştur. Çalışma esnasında alınan ve fikse edilen örneklerin bir kısmı, Taramalı Elektron Mikroskop (SEM) çalışması yapılabilmesi için doku tabikine alındıktan sonra SEM fotoğraflamaları yapılarak tür tespiti yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmayla incelenen alabalık bireyleri üzerindeki Lernaea cinsine ait parazitlerin Lernaea cyprinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) türüne ait olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Interpretation of a trained neural network based on genetic algorithms
Authors: Pimenov Viktor , Pimenov Ilia
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Artificial intelligence development strategy involves the use of deep machine learning algorithms in order to solve various problems. Neural network models trained on specific data sets are difficult to interpret, which is due to the “black box” approach when knowledge is formed as a set of interneuronal connection weights. Purpose: Development of a discrete knowledge model which explicitly represents information processing patterns encoded by connections between neurons. Methods: Adaptive quantization of a feature space using a genetic algorithm, and construction of a discrete model for a multidimensional OLAP cube with binary measures. Results: A genetic algorithm extracts a discrete knowledge carrier from a trained neural network. An individual's chromosome encodes a combination of values of all quantization levels for the measurable object properties. The head gene group defines the feature space structure, while the other genes are responsible for setting up the quantization of a multidimensional space, where each gene is responsible for one quantization threshold for a given variable. A discrete model of a multidimensional OLAP cube with binary measures explicitly represents the relationships between combinations of object feature values and classes. Practical relevance: For neural network prediction models based on a training sample, genetic algorithms make it possible to find the effective value of the feature space volume for the combinations of input feature values not represented in the training sample whose volume is usually limited. The proposed discrete model builds unique images of each class based on rectangular maps which use a mesh structure of gradations. The maps reflect the most significant integral indicators of classes that determine the location and size of a class in a multidimensional space. Based on a convolution of the constructed class images, a complete system of production decision rules is recorded for the preset feature gradations.
Pyramide, Kreis oder doch Quadrat – Lebensmittelbezogene Ernährungsempfehlungen als Maß für Gesundheit?
Authors: Obermoser Susanne
Published: December 2020

Lebensmittelbezogene Ernährungsempfehlungen und ihre grafischen Darstellungsformen sollen die Prinzipien einer gesunden Ernährung verständlich darlegen. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit damit verbundenen gesundheitlichen Fragen und normativen Erwartungen soll einen Denk- und Lernprozess anstoßen, der zu mehr Selbstbewusstsein in der Lebensgestaltung führt. Dieser Beitrag regt zur mehrdimensionalen und mehrperspektivischen Betrachtung von FBDGs an.
Digitale Essgeschichten: Forschendes Lernen im Virtuellen Austausch
Authors: Bartsch Silke , Müller Heike
Published: December 2020

Die Ernährungs- und Verbraucherbildung (EVB) kann wichtige Beiträge zur Agenda 2030 leisten. Der Beitrag stellt ein hierzu entwickeltes fachdidaktisches Konzept vor, bei dem drei theoretische Ansätze (Forschendes Lernen, Virtueller Austausch, Digital Storytelling) verbunden werden, um Lehramtsstudierende zur Reflexion ihres Essalltags anzuregen. Exemplarisch wird dargelegt, wie Studierende der TU Berlin Erkenntnisse aus der Analyse ihres Essalltags zum Austausch mit Studierenden im Globen Süden nutzen.
Das Wirtschaftsprinzip der kleinen Einheiten – Resilienz durch gemeinschaftsgetragene Versorgungsstrukturen am Beispiel Solidarischer Landwirtschaftsbetriebe
Authors: Paech Niko , Rommel Marius , Antoni-Komar Irene , Posse Dirk
Published: December 2020

Am Beispiel der Solidarischen Landwirtschaft (SoLawi) skizziert die Untersuchung ein dezentrales, kleinräumiges und bedarfsgerechtes Wirtschaftsprinzip der kleinen Einheiten. Eigenschaften einer gemeinschaftsgetragenen und maßvollen Ernährungsversorgung werden analysiert, um die Perspektive eines resilienten regionalen Wertschöpfungsraumes jenseits anonymer Fremdversorgung und komplexer Wertschöpfungsarchitekturen aufzuzeigen.
Attenuation of Motor Evoked Potentials Following Prone
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifisia, Greece, Apostolakis Sotirios , Karagianni Aikaterini ,   Department of Neurosurgery, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Athens 145 61, Greece, Chiotaki Eirini ,   Intraoperative Monitoring Service, GE Scientific, G. Vasios & Co, Ioannina, Greece, Vlachos Konstantinos ,   Department of Neurosurgery, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifisia, Greece
Published: December 2020

Background and Importance: Of utmost importance for successful neurosurgical operations is proper patient positioning. This is particularly the case for operations conducted in the prone position, which is associated with several potential complications. Case Presentation: Here we report the case of a 52-year-old male patient who underwent endoscopic discectomy for L5-S1 herniated disc. Following placement in the prone position, Motor Evoked Potentials (MEP) were significantly asymmetric, with those from the left side being disproportionately low considering his clinical presentation. MEP recordings were ameliorated when the patient was placed in the supine position. Considering the nervous and vascular anatomy of the area, a peripheral insult is highly unlikely to be the cause of the neurophysiological profile of this patient. Instead, compression of the dural sac due to biomechanical alterations of the contents of the spinal canal is the most possible pathogenetic mechanism. Conclusion: Proper patient positioning is of paramount importance for the success of a neurosurgical operation. Still, even if all precautions are taken, it is possible that insults to neuronal structures can be due to biomechanical alterations of the contents of the spinal canal, secondary to prone positioning.
Can C2 Vertebroplasty Restore Alignment in Pathologic Odontoid Fracture?
Authors:   Professor of Neurosurgery, Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran And Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Farrokhi Majid Reza , Tarokh Amir ,   Neurosurgeon, Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran And Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Safaei Javad ,   Neurosurgeon, Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran And Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Published: December 2020

Background and Importance: Plasmacytoma is more likely to involve the spine with up to 50%, most commonly in the thoracic spine. Case Presentation: This study examined a patient with solitary plasmacytoma with neck pain and abnormal C1-C2 range of motion, which happened to have an osteolytic C2 lesion on CT scanning. The patient underwent a fluoroscopically guided anterior percutaneous C2 vertebroplasty without posterior fusion, leading to management of pain, maintenance of normal motions, and restoration of cervical alignment. Conclusion: This case represents fluoroscopically guided anterior percutaneous C2 vertebroplasty as an effective treatment for C2 osteolytic lesions with an abnormal range of motion, which can be considered in selected cases as an alternative approach for demanding open surgical approaches to this challenging region.
The forgotten contribution of J. E. Purkyně to dentistry
Authors: Eramo Stefano , Barraco Giancarlo , Zampetti Paolo
Published: December 2020

Objectives: the name of Jan Evangelista Purkyně (Purkinje in German), born in Bohemia in 1787 and died in Prague in 1869, is mainly associated with discoveries in histology and specialist fields of Medicine like embriology, histological techniques, ophthalmology, cardiology and neurophysiology. This short article presents a brief account of his life, commemorates his achievements in biology and medicine but also in in the politics and literature of his Country (he was elected to the Diet of Bohemia but also he composed poems and important translations from German, French and Italian languages into Czech) and examines in depth his contribution to Dentistry. Materials and Methods: Purkyně’s major contributions to Dentistry, which focused on embryology and dental histology, endodontics and periodontology, are traced to two dissertations in Latin which were discussed by his pupils (Meyer Fraenkel and Isaac Raschkow), at Breslau University in 1835: we present a brief summary of each, with the major innovative findings highlighted. Results: the two dissertations contain remarkable, though often overlooked, contributions to Dentistry. Among these we can indicate the individuation of: the dental cement (substantia ostoidea), the acquired dental pellicle, the nature of optical illusion of Hunter-Schreger lines, the “enamel pulp” from which the enamel would evolve, the sub-odontoblastic nervous plexus which is the cause of tooth sensitivity, the predentine, the organic nature of the process of enamel formation, the dentine and enamel formation in opposing directions, the presence of alveolus membrane (id est: the periodontium). Conclusions: after reviewing the main innovations these two dissertations made to Dentistry, Purkyně’s personal share in both is very clear. Both the two his pupils acknowledged their debt to Purkyně and also famous contemporary Purkinje scientists such as Alexander Nasmyth, Sir Richard Owen, Sir James Paget had no doubt he is had generated the ideas expressed in the two little treatises.