bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrent perianal condyloma in child
Authors: Huh Jung-Sik , Hong Jung Yun , Kim Jae-Wang
Published: May 2022

Condyloma acuminatum an infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), has became one of the most common sexually transmitted disease in adult. Spontaneous resolution of pediatric condyloma occurred in most children patients. We reported a case of recurrent condyloma which occurred at perianal area in child with a brief review of related literatures.
Effects of Left Uterine Displacement on General Anesthesia for Cesarean Section
Authors: Park Jong Cook , Park Kwan Sik , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Background: The hazards of aorto-caval compression by the gravid uterus in late pregnancy are well documented.The provision of left uterine displacement (LUD) has proven highly beneficial to both mother and infant. We decided to investigate the effect of a new wedge to provide left uterine displacement.Methods: 40 full-termed patients undergoing elective Caesarean section under a standardized regimen of general anesthesia were studied. We randomly divided the patients into the control group and the LUD group and assessed changes of maternal MAP and HR and infant's Apgar scores and cord blood gas analysis.Results: There were no significant differences in umbilical vein blood gas analysis, umbilical artery blood gas analysis, Apgar scores and changes of maternal heart rate between the two groups. Changes of maternal MBP in the LUD group were higher than those in the control. Regression analysis demonstrated a linear correlation between pH and BEecf pH = 0.01 x BE + 7.31, r2  = 0.42 (P < 0.005) in umbilical vein, pH = 0.01 x BE + 7.27, r2 = 0.39 ( P< 0.005) in umbilical artery.
Stress and Depressive symptoms of Mentally retarded person in Jeju area;
A pilot study
Authors: Lee Hyeon-Jeong , Jeong Hvun-Ji , Kim Moon-Do , Hong Seong-Chul , Lee Chang-In , Kwak Young-Sook
Published: May 2022

Background: This study was performed to evaluate stress and depressive symptoms of mentally retarded person in Jeju area.Method: CES-D (the Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale) to evaluate depressive symptoms, SSS (Subjective Stress Scale) to evaluate stress, PWI (Psychosocial Well-being Index) to evaluate stress have been used.Subjects were 45 mentally retarded person. 18 men, 27 women.Results: Pocket money socioeconomic status, occupation and sex have been founded to be correlates of depressive symptoms. Disability degree, pocket money, socioeconomic status, sex, education level of parent have been founded to be correlates of stress.Conclusion: Much attention and financial support from governments should be needed. The results also suggested that feeble minded person who attain adulthood needs more chance to train for social adjustment and to be educated.
Could Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery Become the Adequate Procedure?
Authors: Chang Weon young
Published: May 2022

Laparoscopic surgery became popular in the early 1990s. The successful application of laparoscopic surgery to gallbladder disease has encouraged surgeon to develop this technology to care other pathologic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Laparoscopic technique are being applied to the management of colorectal malignant disease. The advantage of laparoscopic colectomy is to reduce postoperative pain and analgesic requirement, earlier return of bowel function and normal physical activities, and shorter hospital stay. Pathologic examination of laparoscopically resected specimens has shown that adequate mesenteric lymph node excision and distal resection margin. Laproscopic surgery can be accomplished with acceptable morbidity and mortality when performed by trained surgeons. Despite initial early alarming reports of port site cancer recurrence in laparoscopically assisted colectomy, port site recurrence is rare and its incidence is similar to incisional wound recurrences in conventional open colectomy. Recent prospective comparative studies have demonstrated equivalent patient survival and local or distant colon cancer recurrences for open versus laparoscopic curative resection of colon cancer. However, we must await the final result of large prospective randomized studies before drawing any definitive conclusion.
CNS innervation to the heart after skeletal muscle transplantation in the rat
Authors: Byun Kyung-Hee , Ko Sun-Young , Kim Jae-Woo , Lee Bong-Hee
Published: May 2022

The congestive heart failure is known as one of the most popular cause of human death. The purpose of this study were to identify the CNS pathway innervating heart after reconstruction using latissimus dorsi muscle by using the pseudorabies virus injection into the hippocampus after entorhinal cortex lesions.The pseudorabies virus labelled neurons were distributed at several different nuclei including paraventricular nucleus. No significant morphological changes were observed in the CNS heart innervation after reconstruction. These data suggested that the CNS innervation showed no morphological changes throughout the whole brain areas after heart reconstruction.
Utilization Patterns of Medical Services in Cancer Incidents, Jejudo
Authors: Yang Yeong-Ja , Ko Yeo-Ju , Lee Sang-Yi , Bae Jong-Myon
Published: May 2022

Objectives: While the cancer is the leading cause of death in Jeju residents, it is important social issue that cancer incidents have to utilize medical services out of the province. The aim is to evaluate the patterns of utilization of medical services among cancer incidents, Jejudo.Methods: The subject was the cancer incident in 2000 who registered on the database of Jejudo Regional Cancer Registry. The patterns of utilization of medical services were identified by the medical claim database of National Health Insurance Cooperation.Results: Among the 1,164 subjects, 55.9% were first diagnosed at a medical service out the province. The bone marrow was the most primary cancer site among the subjects being diagnosed at a medical service out the province. Among the patients who were first diagnosed at a medical service in the province, 6.8% utilized another medical service out the province at the second visit. Thus, 59% of the subject utilized medical services out the province.Conclusions: These results showed the dependence of the Jeju residents on medical services for cancer patients situated out the province. It is urgently necessary to construct the total system of cancer controls in Jeju island.
A Study on effect of Acori Graminiei Rhizoma Extract on Learning and Spatial Memory Deficit
Authors: Byun Kyoung-Hee , Hyun Jin-Uk , Lee Bong-Hee
Published: May 2022

No abstract available
Recompression Therapy in Decompression Sickness
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Decompression sickness (DCS) is a spectrum of clinical illness that result from the formation of small bubbles of nitrogen gas in the blood and tissue. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of DCS in Jeju.Methods: A total of 44 cases that were treated with recompression therapy for DCS in Cheju National University Hospital from February 2002 to May 2005 were reviewed retrospectively. According to professional diving, professional group (n=27) and non-professional group (n=17) were compared. Also, according to DCS type, DCS type I group (n=21) and DCS type II group (n=17) were compared.Results: Non-professional group showed a higher incidence of male, younger mean age, shorter time from symptom to treatment, and fewer No. of recompression therapy than did the professional group. There were no significant differences between DCS type I group and DCS type II group.Conclusion: For proper diagnosis and treatment for DCS, more support of authorities and researches were needed.
Papular sarcoidosis accompanied with anterior uveitis
Authors: Kim Jae-Wang , Kang Hyun-Wook
Published: May 2022

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic non-caseating granulomatous disorder of unknown origin. The cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis often enable the dermatologist to be the first physician to make the diagnosis. In the Western countries, maculopapular lesions are the most common cutaneous manifestation of granulomatous involvement in sarcoidosis. However, subcutaneous sarcoidosis has been known to be most common subtype in the Korean literature. Herein, we present a rare case of papular sarcoidosis accompanied with chronic anterior uveitis.
Expression of MCM7 protein in colorectal adenomas
Authors: Maeng Young-Hee
Published: May 2022

Background: Recently, the role of minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCM2-7) as markers of cell proliferation in human tissues has been studied.Aims: To investigate the use of MCM7 in differentiating the dysplasia of colorectal adenomas Methods: Semiquantitative analysis of MCM7-positive epithelial cells was performed on upper, middle, and lower thirds of normal and adenomatous crypts, and adenocarcinomas.Results: In normal colon, expression of MCM7 protein occurs in the basal third of colonic crypts with loss of the protein in the upper third. In tubular adenomas, the upper third of the crypts shows strong positivity, however, the middle and basal thirds reveal less strong reactions in low-grade dyplasia and only a few positive cells in high-grade dysplasia. Colorectal adenocarcinomas revealed an even distribution of MCM7 protein throughout the tumor with occasional lower expression in the deeper part of the tumor.Conclusion: The patterns of MCM7 protein expression are different between normal colonic mucosa, tubular adenoma with low-grade dysplasia, tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, and colorectal adenocarcinoma.MCM7 protein may be a useful proliferation marker in tubular adenoma and warrants further evaluation as a complementary tool in the diagnosis of low-grade and high-grade dysplasias.
Correlates of suicidal ideation among hemodialysis patients in Cheju National University Hospital: A pilot study
Authors: Hong Ju-Yeon , Hong Seong-Chul , Kim Moon Doo
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine correlates of suicidal ideation among hemodialysis patients in Cheju National University Hospital.Methods: 41 hemodialysis patients were evaluated from April 2004 to January 2005.Sociodemographic questionnaire included age, sex, religion, marital status, education level, monthly income, subjective sense of socioeconomic status, pre-and post diagnosis occupation, hospital expense responsibility, illness duration, etc. Questionnaire for health habit included subjective sense of health status, smoking, drinking, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempt etc. K-BDI was used to evaluate depression, and STAI for anxiety, self-esteem scale, and family and hospital staff supports scale was evaluated. We defined dependent variable as having suicidal ideation and coded positive suicidal ideation as 'r no suicidal ideation as 'O' Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find correlates of suicidal ideation using variables that have been found to be risk factors of suicidal ideation.Result: Poor subjective sense of socioeconomic status(OR=9.688 95% CI 1.161-80.846) and education level under 12 years(OR=22.507 95% CI 1.049-483.005) were found to be correlates of suicidal ideation.Conclusions: Socioeconomical support from government and firm and constant support from medical staff and family is crucial for them not to have suicidal ideation.
Clinical Analysis of Esophageal Foreign Body in Jeju
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeon
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The esophageal foreign body results from ingestion of various materials and some foreign bodies such as fish bone can make severe complications such as esophageal perforation and acute mediastinitis. The purposes of this study were to investigate the clinical characterisitcs of esophageal foreign body in Jeju and to analyze the complicated cases by esophageal foreign body.Methods: A total 32 patients who were treated for foreign body in gastrointestinal tract at Cheju National University Hospital from May 2003 to October 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. The review about clinical informations included patient's age, sex, chief complains, presentation time from symptom, duration of admission, endoscopic treatment, and complications. The length and type of foreign body also were reviewed. Complicated group and non-complicated group were compared in aspect of probability of complications in esophageal foreign body.Results: Male was 65.6% and pediatric under 15 years old was 40.6%. The mean age was 35.53±25.98 years old and the mean presentation time from symptom was 27.98±53.95 hours. Dysphagia and foreign body sense was major chief complain in adults and most pediatric had no symptom. Most foreign body were located in esophagus and the mean size of foreign body was 2.34±1.06 cm. The most common foreign body was fish bone and 35.7% among fish bone injuries had complication such as esophageal perforation and acute mediastinitis. Compared with non-complicated group, complicated group was older and had longer presentation time from symptom and more chest pain as chief complains significantly.Conclusion: The most esophageal foreign body in Jeju was fish bone, that made more complications than the other areas. Older patient with esophageal fish bone who presented later and had chest pain could be supposed to have complications by fish bone.
Differences of cognitive functions and activity of daily living according to presence of depressive symptoms among dementia patients
Authors: Lee Chang-In , Hong Seong-Chul , Kim Moon-Doo
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine whether subjective memory complaint (SMC) in depression is related to the impairment of daily activities and to certain areas of cognitive function in patients with depression.Methods: 20 depressive patients without SMC, 16 depressive patients with SMC who visited cheju national university hospital from June, 2007 to January 2008 were assigned for the study. CERAD-K, MMSE-KC, BDS-ADL, K-GDS were used to check cognitive function and activity of daily living, and depression, the two groups were compared using x2  test and independent t-test.Result: BDS-ADL(Blessed Dementia Scale-Activities of Daily Living) [0.33(SD = 0.34) vs 0.75(SD = 0.71)] scores were statistically different between the two groups. SBT-K (Korean version of Short Blessed Test), Verbal fluency, Word list memory, Word list recall, CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale), Naming, MMSE-KC, Constructional praxis, Word list recognition, Constructional praxis recall, Subjective Memory Complaint(SMC) were not different between the two groups. BDS-ADL was also found to a correlate of subjective memory complaint among depressed elderly patients after multiple logistic regression analyses.Conclusions: These result suggest that depressive patient with S M C is more likely to be in difficulty in activities in daily living.
Radiofrequency myolysis for conservative management of uterine myoma
Authors: Yoo Jun Jae , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Radiofrequency myolysis has benefits in conserving the uterus, and less invasive and has great effect on the reduction of size of the myomas and improving the symptoms. So this method could be a effective alternative treatment for uterine myomas. But the complication and side effect of radiofrequency myolysis had not been published.
Sensitization rates to inhalant allergens in atopic individuals in Jeju, Korea
Authors: Lee Hyeonjeong , Jeon Bong-hee , Jang Eun Ha , Kim Miseon , Chung Young-Bae , Lee JaeChun
Published: May 2022

The evaluation of sensitization to aeroallergens is valuable in diagnosis and treatment of atopic respiratory disorders. Because of the identical climates in Jeju, Korea, the sensitization rates may differ from other regions of Korea. The sensitization rates in Jeju was rarely reported. To examine the sensitization rates to common inhalant allergens and to suggest the proper evaluation panels of skin prick tests in Jeju, Korea The results of skin prick tests in atopic individuals were analyzed retrospectively and cross-sectionally from allergy clinics. Two hundred and eighty seven atopic individuals (mean age of 33) were enrolled from 3regional facilities. Skin prick tests were performed with different allergens from different manufacturers. House dust mites, cockroach, oak and mugwort are commonly sensitized aeroal1ergens in Jeju. Some of allergens showed different sensitization rates according to the manufacturers. Common aeroallergens for skin prick tests in Jeju were suggested. Standardization of aeroallergens for skin prick tests should be performed.
One case of generalized syringoma
Authors: Kim Jae-Wang
Published: May 2022

syringoma is a common adenoma of eccrine intraepidermal ductal origin , which usually occurs in healthy middle-aged or pubertal women. However. generalized syringoma is a extremely rare variant that arises in young adults and is distributed over the anterior surfaces of the whole torso. We present an unusual case of a healthy 21-year-Old male with generalized syringoma disseminated on the lace, lower abdomen, chest, neck, thigh, axillary fossa and groins. Although these lesions might result in significant cosmetic disfigurement, treatment options are Iimited and disappointing.
The outline of forensic anthropology: Experience through an exhumation of the 4.3
massacre
Authors: Kang Hyun Wook
Published: May 2022

Forensic anthropology is the scientific discipline that applies the methods of physical anthropology and archaeology to the collection and analysis of legal evidence. The work of anthropologists overlaps the work of both the crime scene investigator and the medical examiner (or forensic pathologist) except that they deal with human remains losing legal consequence. ln this paper author reviewed the outline of forensic anthropology and described what experienced through an exhumation of the 4.3 massacre.
General consideration of drug hypersensitivity syndrome: Diagnosis and pathogenesis
Authors: Kim Jae-wang , Ko Hye-Rim
Published: May 2022

Drug hypersensitivity syndrome(DHS) is a life-threatening reaction that appears after prolonged exposure to certain offending drugs. Unlike usual drug eruptions. DHS typically represents a protracted clinical course, slow resolution and higher mortality rate. Recently several studies have provided the evidence to show reactivation of human herpesvirus-6(HHV-6) implicated in the pathogenesis of DHS. Accordingly. it can not be excluded that HHV-6 reactivation might play a potential role in the development of DHS in susceptible patients.
A family of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy confirmed by D4Z4 deletion on chromosome 4q35
Authors: Lee Jae Young , Kim Jee Young , Kim Joong-Goo , Kang Ji-Hoon , Choi Jay Chol , Lee Jung Seok , Kang Sa- Yoon
Published: May 2022

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). is an autosomal dominant form of muscular dystrophy characterized by progressive weakness and wasting of the facial. shoulder-girdle and upper arm muscles. Recently, FSHD is diagnosed by a molecular genetic test showing a deletion of integral copies to a 3.3 kb DNA repeat motif named D4Z4. We report a family showing clinical and genetic findings consistent with the FSHD.
One case of endometriosis at the site of abdominal scar following cesarean section
Authors: Jung Hyun-Jj , Kim Soeng- Yeop
Published: May 2022

Endometriosis is not yet proven how to arise. But, it is one of the most common disorder in gynecology. Ovary is the most common site, but it can involve the intra- or extrapelvic organ and postoperative scar. Endometriosis at the abdominal wall is associated with cyclic abdominal pain and palpable mass. Medical therapy may help to reduce the symptom but not effective to reduce the recurrence. The surgery is treatment of choice of endometriosis at the abdominal wall. We report a case of endometriosis at the site of abdominal wall scar following cesarean section.
A case of cervical pregnancy with treatment of systemic methotrexate
Authors: Kim Jin ho , Kim Sung yob
Published: May 2022

Cervical pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic gestation in which the blastocyst implants in the cervical mucosa below the histologic cervical os. Cervical pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening form of extrauterine pregnancy that is associated with unexpected occurrence of uncontrollable hemorrhage from the uterine cervix. Because of that, hysterectomy was usually done in the management of cervical pregnancy. Thus the patient loses her fertility potential. However, to avoid hysterectomy and to maintain fertility. conservative treatment is desirable for women who want to be pregnancy in the future. Methotrexate has been Utilized recently for conservative management of cervical pregnancy. This is a case of cervical pregnancy which was treated successfully with intramuscular methotrexate injection.
Syringoma of the vulva
Authors: Kang Ho Jeong , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Syringomas are benign skin tumors of the eccrine sweat glands. The chief affected areas are lower eyelids and malar areas, however, vulvar syringoma is a relatively rare. The lesions are small, multiple, firm, yellowish colored papules and microscopically, have dilated cystic sweat ducts which have comma Iike tails resembling tadpoles. The majority of patients with vulvar syringomas are asymptomatic but sometimes associated with pruritic symptom. We repart a case of vulvar syringoma in a 55-year-old woman who presented with a intermittent pruritus with a brief review of literatures.
Anatomy of the Hip
Authors: Nam Kwang Woo , Kim Sang-Rim
Published: May 2022

The hip is a large ball and socket synovial joint allowing wide-range of motion. lt plays an important role as an axial weight bearing joint associated with standing. walking, and running. Physicians must understand the anatomy of the hip to assess and to treat the patients with hip problems.
Reconstruction of dehisced myelomeningocele
Authors: Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

The author experienced dehisced myelomeningocele. The myelomeningocele was previous operated but wound was dehisced because of tension. The author use the bilateral V-Y advancement flap, so describe the case.
Clinical application of Exenatide for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Koh Gwanpyo
Published: May 2022

Exenatide is the first in a new class of compounds, which possess similar activity to the naturally-occurring hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1. In three phase Ⅲ trials in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). who have Inadequate glycaemic control despite receiving treatment with metformin and/ or sulfonylurea, the addition of exenatide twice daily significantly reduced glycated haemoglobin ( ≤ 1 %), and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose and was associated with progressive and significant bodyweight reduction from baseline for up to 2 years, Nausea (about 40%) was the most commonly reported adverse event in the combined exenatide groups. The addition of exenatide also improved glycemic control in a small population with T2DM receiving thiazolidinedione. The glycaemic control with exenatide was similar to that achieved with insulin glargine or biphasic insulin aspart. However， the insulin doses were well below doses used in recent studies. In a head-to-head clinical trial， exenatide once-weekly caused greater improvements in glycemic control and was better tolerated than exenatide twice daily. On the basis of the data, adjunctive therapy with exenatide is a valuable therapeutic option in obese patients with T2DM requiring moderate improvements in glycaemic control despite treatment with metformin and/or a sulfonylurea, In addition, exenatide once-weekly is a promising development candidate for the treatment of T2DM.
Drug dosing in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kim Hyun Woo
Published: May 2022

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is increasing in korea and patients with CKD usually have other comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease and infection. Thus, more drugs had been prescribed ln CKD patients than in patients with normal kidney function, Patients with renal impairment often show pharmacokinetic parameters (eg, drug absorption, distribution, protein binding, biotransformation, renal excretion) that are different from those of patients with normal kidney function, Patients can also show an altered pharmacodynamic response to a given drug due to the physiological and biochemical changes associated with progressive renal insufficiency, Hence, appropriate drug selection and dosing for patients with CKD is important to avoid unwanted drug effects and ensure optimal outcomes. Dosing errors are some of the most important drug-related problems in patients with CKD and most of dosing errors occur when physicians order drugs due to lack of knowledge about the drug or lack of information about the patient. This article reviews the importance to dosage adjustment in patients with CKD and methods have been suggested to assist physicians monitoring and adjusting drug therapy in CKD patients.
Is it need of Burn center in Jeju island?
Authors: Kim Kwang Sik , Lim GiI Chae , Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

There is no burn center in Juju island. The authors describe the need of burn center in Jeju island.
Metabolic functions of the black garlic (Allinum sativum L) extracts in muscle cells
Authors: Park Deokbae , Lee Youngki
Published: May 2022

The present study investigated the metabolic functions of the three different garlic (normal, black, fermented black) extracts in L6 muscle cells. Each extract significantly enhanced the ROS- scavenging activity in treated with H2O2, showing the higher potentials With the black and the fermented black garlic extracts the normal. H2O2- induced LDH leakage and the reduction in MTT activity were effectively suppressed by the black- and the fermented black extracts, suggesting the potent protective function of those extracts against ROS-induced cytotoxicity. The basal or insulin-induced glucose consumption was marginally enhanced with the garlic extracts. Moreover, the black and the fermented black garlic extracts stimulated phosphorylations of AMPK and ACC which serve to block the intracellular lipid accumulation. Activities of the ethanol-metabolizing enzymes (ADH and ALDH) were also stimulated by the black and the fermented black extracts. Taken together, extracts of the black and the fermented black garlic might have metabolically beneficial functions including the ROS-scavenging activity, the suppression of lipid accumulation, and the hydrolysis of excessive ethanol.
Expression of luteinizing hormone in rat brain
Authors: Kim Kwangsik , Lee Youngki
Published: May 2022

A recent report demonstrated that in human aging brain after menopause/andropause luteinizing hormone (LH) is localized in the cytoplasm of pyramidal neurons and hippocampus and a significant increase of LH is also detected in the cytoplasm of pyramidal neurons and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease brain compared to age-matched control brain. It was suggested that the decreased steroid hormone production and the resulting LH expression in the neurons vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease pathology may have some relevance to the development of Alzheimer's disease. lt is, however, unclear whether the presence of LH in neurons of human aging and Alzheimer's disease brain is due to intracellular LH expression or to LH uptake from extracellular sources since gonadotropins are known to cross the blood brain barrier. Moreover, there is no report by using the brain of an experimental animal that LH is expressed in such neurons as found in the human brain. In the present study, we found that LH immunoreactivity is localized in the pyramidal neurons of cerebral cortex and hippocampus of 12 and 18 months old rats but can not detect any immunoreactivity for LH in the young adult (3-5 months old) rats. To confirm that these LH immunoreactivity results from de novo synthesis in the brain but not the uptake from extracellular space，we performed RT-PCR and found that mRNA for LH is detected in several regions of brain including cerebral cortex and hippocampus. These findings suggest us that LH expression in old rat brain may play an important role in aging process of rat brain.
Usefulness of peκutaneous gallbladder aspiration for acute cholecystitis
Authors: Kim Seung Hyoung , Choi Guk Myung , Kim Bong Soo , Park Ji Kang , Jeong Sun Young
Published: May 2022

This study was performed to assess the usefulness of percutaneous gallbladder aspiration for the treatment of acute cholecystitis. Twenty acute cholecystitis patients treated by percutaneous gallbladder aspiration were enrolled in this study and retrospective analysis was performed. Percutaneous gallbladder aspiration was carried out under local anesthesia with ultrasound guidance and 21G puncture needle by percutaneous trans-hepatic approach. Successful therapy was achieved in 18 patients (90%) and the time required to be successful pain control was 0.5-31.5 hours (mean 13.8 hours). 16 patients with mild acute cholecystitis were all successfully treated by the procedure, but two of four patients with moderate acute cholecystitis were failed in treatment There was neither mortality nor major complication related with the procedure. 10 patients (50%) were cured by the procedure and antibiotics medication, and they could be discharged without surgery In addition. 8 of 10 surgical patients (80%) underwent elective surgery and they were able to avoid the risk of emergent or early surgery. Therefore. percutaneous gallbladder aspiration was though to be a useful alternative treatment in the acute cholecystitispatients who couldn’t undergo surgery for some reason. it could be also temporary treatment to avoid relative high-risk emergent or early surgery.
Antioxidant effects of geraniin via scavenging reactive oxygen species
Authors: Ko Dong Ok , Kang Kyoung Ah , Hyun Jin Won
Published: May 2022

The present study was to investigate the antioxidant effect of geraniin against free radicals. We found that geraniin scavenged the hydroxyl radicals. which were measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry. Geraniin scavenged the DPPH radicals in cell free system. Furthermore, geraniin reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) detected by 2'7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF-DA) dye. Our data suggested that geraniin showed antioxidant effects via scavenging reactive oxygen species.
Recurrent angiosarcoma of spleen presented with pancytopenia due to metastasis to bone marrow
Authors: Kim Young Ree , Kim Woo Kun , Hyun Soyoung , Maeng Young-Hee
Published: May 2022

The patient was a 72 year old male who was referred to Jeju National University Hospital for pancytopenia. Three years prior to this, he visited another hospital for abdominal pain, splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. His bone marrow was normal at that time. He had an history of hypertension, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia with leuko-erythroblastic feature. Chest X-ray did not showed a remarkable findings but chest CT scan showed small nodules on bilateral lower lung fields. increased interstitial markings and minimal bilateral pleural effusion. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed tumor infiltration. positively stained for CD34 and negative for common leukocyte antigen. cytokeratin, actin, HMB45, NSE and PSA. Based on the described findings， the diagnosis of angiosarcoma involving the bone marrow was made. Despite treatment with imatinib. he was expired with pulmonary hemorrhage after 3 years from diagnosis.
Spontaneous resolution of traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst due to sports injury
Authors: Chang Jee Won , Lee Hong Sup , Lee Seogjae
Published: May 2022

Sixteen-year-old male patient presented with cough and blood-tinged sputum. He was a diver who represented his high school and the symptoms developed after diving training. Chest radiograph showed air-fluid level in retro-cardiac area and chest CT revealed multiple fluid-filled cysts in the bilateral lungs. He did not complain of any symptoms with resolution of air-fluid level in chest radiograph in outpatient clinic follow-up at the first and third week from the time of injury. Chest CT at the eighth week showed complete resolution of bilateral lung cysts. He is doing well without any complication until the last follow-up day.
Treatment of horizontal root fracture
Authors: Kim Sung Joon
Published: May 2022

Root fractures are defined as those that involve cementum, dentin and pulp, comprising from 0.5 to 7% of injuries in permanent dentition on maxillofacial trauma. Diagnosis is made through clinical and radiographic exams, the latter frequently being Iimited by the position of the fracture line. Treatment varies according to the displacement and vitality of the fragments. Author describes three clinical cases of maxillary right central incisor with horizontal root fractures in dental clinic, Jeju National University Hospital.
Abdominoplasty of CongenitaI Megacolon
Authors: Kim Kwang Sik , Park Jong Cook , Park Sang Hyun , Choi Yun Suk , Lee Seung Yun , Kim Jeong Hong , Choi Seung Hyo , Lim GiI Chae , Yun Byung Min
Published: May 2022

Abdominoplasty is common in ordinary people. But it is rare in congenital megacolon patient. The authors treated the patient with cooperation. So describe the case.
Scalp rotational flap designed with aluminum foil: A technical note
Authors: Sim Ki Bum
Published: May 2022

Although a number of methods are available for scalp reconstruction, they are limited to use for infected extensive scalp defect. Accurate estimation of scalp rotational flap has always been a problem for securing proper scalp retraction. Alternative simple method of scalp rotational flap that use a sheet of aluminum foil are described. The technique is reserved for patients with infected and relatively large scalp wound.
The principle, practice and future of PBL in Medical Education
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

Problem-based learning(PBL) is a process of acquiring understanding, knowledge skills and attitudes in the context of an unfamiliar situation and applying such learning to the situation. PBL can make students thinking more efficiently than they can do in the traditional methods of medical education. PBL has the standardized structure composed of fact/problem, hypothesis, action plan/need to know and learning issue. After introduction of PBL to Korea in 1992, many colleges of medicine made efforts to settle the curriculum of PBL in medical education. Although a practice of PBL have some problems. PBL will advance gradually because of its effective results in medical education.
The principle, practice and future of CPX in Medical Education
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong
Published: May 2022

CPX(Clinical performance examination) is an examination for comprehensive evaluation of clinical performance in medical education, and has been used worldwide since Harden introduced OSCE(objective structured clinical examination) in 1975. To perform CPX, SP(standardized patient) is essential, who is a simulated and well-trained person for education and evaluation of medical student. In Korea. CPX is scheduled to be introduced into national examination in this year, so most medical school are paying close attention to CPX now Although evaluation results of SP have some debates for validity and reliability, CPX will be introduced to other medical examinations.
The Role of E-learning in medical education
Authors: Kang Young Joon
Published: May 2022

The emergence of e-Iearning was base on the changes of social environment , development of network and computing technology, change of education paradigm. E-learning has strong benefit to educate many students by the variety of medium Increasing information and knowledge of medicine have changed the mode of medical education from professional oriented to student oriented from lecture room to internal space. To design e-Iearning instruction systemically, ADDlE(analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) model have been used. Consortium of medical school e-Iearning was established in 2006. 28 medical schools are joined with the consortium which is filled with about 600 contents. More efforts are necessary to make the e-Iearning Contents.
Present and future of hospital evaluation
Authors: Huh Jung-Sik
Published: May 2022

The change of medicine is from hospital to patient. Patients want to know the best hospital and procedures of treatment of diseases. The evaluation of general hospital and public hospital based regional area was performed since 2004. The evaluation of general hospital was performed each 3 years. The evaluation of public hospital based regional was performed each 1 year. At first period, evaluation of general hospital was focused on hard, ware, such as number of hospital bed. adequate parking area. QI behavior. At second period , evaluation of general hospital was focused on software, such as reasonal mechanism of hospital. In future, the evaluation of general hospital and public hospital based regional area will improve of check points, then any time and pass or failure.
Study on arguments for and against the introduction of domestic for-profit-hospitals in Jeju
Special Self-Governing Province
Authors: Lee Sang-Yi
Published: May 2022

Following the regional media reports on introduction planning of domestic for-profit hospitals in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province in June 5. 2008. there had been social and political arguments nationwide for and against the establishment of for-profit hospitals. However, the dispute is expected to be repeated again in 2009. even several times in the future. In these circumstances. analysis and evaluation are needed on the past experiences related to policy issues of introducing domestic for-profit hospitals in Jeju. Therefore. the present study aims to discuss and clarify major policy issues on arguments for and against the establishment of for-profit hospitals in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. In this review, author introduce the concepts of macro-efficiency, Quality of health care, equity of medical care utilization, and regional economic developments in the process of analysing the impacts of the introduction of domestic for-profit -hospitals in Jeju. The results of this study are as followings. First the introduction of domestic for-profit hospitals in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is closely connected to nationwide Free Economic Zones, and thus it is considered as the introduction of domestic for-profit-hospitals on a national scale. Second. the strongest driving force of introducing domestic for-profit hospitals is private insurance capital in Korea. Third. For-profit hospital has nothing to do with Quality medical care. Forth, the establishment of domestic for-profit hospitals lowers the macro-efficiency and equity of medical utilization. Filth, the establishment of domestic for-profit hospitals does not have an aclual effect on regional economic developments in Jeiu. Both residents' health and regional economy are essential elements inachieving future prospects of the newly emerging Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. There is no evidence that the introduction of domestic for-profit hospitals has a positive impact on residents' health and regional economy in Jeju. Also, in July 24-25. 2008. Jeiu residents rejected fhe governor's proposal of introducing domestic for-profit hospitals in Jeju because of anxiety about higher costs and inequity of medical careTherefore, both central and Jeju provincial governments need to take into much more consideration the introduction of domestic for-profit hospitals in both aspects of policy justification and substantial political democracy.
Prevalence of problematic drinking and its correlates
Authors: Hong Seong-Chul
Published: May 2022

Finding and treating problem drinking early can improve general prognosis of physical disease and psychosocial burden. The purpose of this study was to find prevalence of problem drinking and correlates of possible depressive symptoms to suggest baseline data. The study subjects were 690 residents，337(48.8%) male. 353(51.2%) female of urban area of Jeju city and data was gathered from trained interviewer using AUDIT and questionnaire about sociodemographic factors and health behavior. Problem drinking was delined as AUDIT total score over 8. Prevalence of problem drinking in urban Jeju city was 22.0% total, 39.5% among male, 5.4% among female. Risk factor of depressive symptoms were younger age, female. poor subjective health status, obese self-image, current smoker. Marital status and depressive symptoms was not statistically significant risk factors with intensive mental health service for those who are young, female and those who have poor health behavior, early detection of problem drinking from community will be important to improve general health status.
Detection of ehrlichial infection by using polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Koh Young-Sang
Published: May 2022

The ehrlichiae are small Gram-negative obligatory intracellular bacteria in the family Anaplasmataceae. Ehrlichiae infection ln an accidental host may result in severe fatal diseases such as human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME), an emerging, tick-borne disease. Using Ehrlichia muris as a model organism, here I show that E. muris can infect bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages. The ehrlichial infection can be detected by polymerase chain reaction in cultured dendritic cells and macrophages as well as experimentally infected animals.
The antiproliferative effects of lupane-triterpene glycosides from Acanthopanax koreanum in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Boo Hye-Jin , Hyun Jae-Hee , Hong Ji-Young , Kim Sang-cheol , Kang Jung-Il , Kim Young Ho , Yoo Eun-Sook , Kang Hee-Kyoung
Published: May 2022

Acanthopanax koreanum is a medicinal plant native to Korea. Lupane-triterpene glycosides from A. koreanum are known to have various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the anti-cancer activity of lupane-triterpene glycosides in human prostate cancer cells has not been elucidated. We examined the anti-cancer effects of five lupane-Iriterpene glycosides (acankoreoside D, acankoreoside A, acankoreosdie F, acanlrifoside A and acankoreoside K) from A. koreanumin PC-3 prostate cancer cells. When treated with the lupane-triterpene glycosides to PC-3 cells at 50 μ_M, the compounds markedly inhibited (acankoreoside D, 57.7% acankoreoside A. 59.0% acankoreoside F, 49.2% acanlrifoside A, 46.6% and acankoreoside K. 45.4%) the growth of PC-3 cells. The result indicated that the lupane-triterpene glycosides trom A. koreanum could have therapeutic role against prostate cancer.
Expression of caveolin-1 in the digestive organs of mouse
Authors: Jang Sukwon , Ahn Meejung
Published: May 2022

The expression of caveolin-1 in the digestive organ of mouse. Western blot analysis showed that caveolin-1 was expressed in the digestive organs with varying intensities. Caveolin-1 expression was low in the pancreas and stomach moderate in the Iiver and esophagus and high in the ileum, cecum and colon. Histologically, caveolin-1 was immunostained blood vessel endothelial cells inall digestive organs. ln the Iiver, caveolin-1 immunoreactivity was found in vascular endothelial cells and bile duct cells, but not in hepalocyles. In the pancreas, caveolin-1 was found in the Islet of Langerhans, but not in exocrine cells. Caveolin-1 was detected in some cells in the lamina propria of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine (ileum), cecum and large intestine (colon), occasionally in covering epithelial cells weakly. The immunoreactivity of caveolin-1 largely matched the results obtained with Western blot analysis. This is the first report showing the expression of caveolin-1 in the digestive organs of mouse. The present findings suggest that caveolin-1 was expressed in all digestive tissues with varying intensities. Caveolin-1 may play an important role in each digestive organ with the signal transduction pathway. The determination of their precise role in the digestive organs will require further study.
Removal of foreign body and anesthetic management
Authors: Yun So Hui , Shin Hye Young , Kim Mi Ok , Choi Yun Suk
Published: May 2022

Bronchoscopy is widely used as diagnostic and therapeutic practice since bronchoscopy for foreign bodies removal was introduced 100 yrs ago by the German otolaryngologist G. KilIian. But this procedure is needed adequate anesthesia because it can lead to anorexia, severe cough and respiratory distress. We report two cases that required adequate anesthesia and airway management when flexible bronchoscopic management.
A case ofaxillary metastasis from occult primary breast cancer
Authors: Lee Chang Hyun
Published: May 2022

A 73-year-old female patient was admitted for evaluation of an enlarged axillary mass, which was suspicious for metastasis of breast cancer. Selective axillary dissection for nodules was performed. Pathologic reports for nodules was consistent with invasive ductal carcinoma axillary metastasis from occult primary breast cancer.
A case with enterovirus 71 acute meningoencephalitis associated with quadriplegia
Authors: Oh Min Soo , Lee Jin Sook , Kim Yun Ju , Hong Jung Yun
Published: May 2022

Since 1997, epidemic of hand-foot-mouth disease caused by Enterovirus 71has become an important issue in the AsiaPacific region because some patients progress to severe neurological complication such as acute flaccid paralysis, brainstem encephalitis. The authors experienced and report that an 12-month-old boy with hand-foot-mouth disease developed acute meningoencephalitis associated with quadriplesia. Enterovirus 71 was isolated in CSF and stool by RT-PCR and sequencing, but MRI showed no lesion in brain and spinal cord. Although IVIG treatment was not shown effective, the patient recovered fully by supportive treatment.
Treatment of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Kang Na-Ri , Kwak Young-Sook
Published: May 2022

Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental illness characterized by the maintenance of an inappropriately low body weight, a relentless pursuit of thinness, and distorted cognitions about body shape and weight. The present review addresses the diagnosis, epidemiology, prognosis and considered extensive Iiterature about the treatment of anorexia nervosa. A literature search through a PUBMED search for the period from January 1994 to October 2009 was conducted for case reports and group studies with epidemiology, risk factor, prognosis, adequate treatment of anorexia nervosa. Data was reviewing reference lists, journals, and conference abstracts. And we reviewed textbooks, guidelines of eating disorders and reference lists of the sfudies selected. There is a growing evidence base for the treatment of eating disorders. Weight restoration is essential in treatment, but insufficient evidence is available for any single approach. Dealing with the psychiatric problems is not simple and much controversy remains. Family therapy is a valuable part of treatment, particularly for children and adolescents. but no particular approach emerges as superior to any other. Treatment of anorexia nervosa shifted from a purely medical approach to a strong emphasis on individual psychotherapy taking into account both a developmental and a biological framework and the need for a multifaceted treatment approach. Both behavioral and cognitive interventions were added to treatment programs SSRls in combination with psychotherapy are widely used in treating patients with anorexia nervosa. These medications may be considered for those with persistent depressive, anxiety or obsessive compulsive symptoms and for bulimic symptoms in weight-restored patients.
Torsional defonnities of the lower extremities in
Authors: Shin Sung Jin , Kim Sang-Rim
Published: May 2022

Torsional deformities of the lower leg are probably the most common abnormalities that affect a child's gait or upright activities. These deformities are mostly physiologic and resolve spontaneously. To minimize unnecessary treatment, physicians should be well-informed of their occurrence patterns and natural history.