bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Bahaya Narkoba di Gampong Linggong Sagoe Kecamatan Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Risna Risna , Fauzia Neila
Published: November 2023

Bahaya narkoba bukan hanya pada perilaku dan kondisi psikis penggunanya.Narkoba juga bisa membahayakan kesehatan tubuh secara umum, bahkan bisa menimbulkan gangguan yang sifatnya permanen pada beragam organ tubuh. Berawal dari rasa penasaran dan kesenangan sesaat, banyak pengguna narkoba yang justru terjebak dalam jeratan obat-obatan terlarang ini. Rasa kecanduan tersebut seiring waktu dapat merusak kesehatan mental dan fisik atau bahkan keselamatan diri penggunanya. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi setiap orang untuk mengetahui bahaya narkoba sehingga tidak tergoda untuk mencoba atau bahkan menggunakannya. Tujuan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah setelah mendapatkan penyuluhan masyarakat gampong Linggong Sagoe mengetahui bahaya narkoba dan dapat mengawasi masyarakat agar terhindar dari narkoba. Luaran yang di harapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan perilaku pencegahan narkoba. Dari hasil pelaksanaan didapatkan bahwa lebih dari 54,6 % masyarakat masih belum mengatahui secara tepat bahaya narkoba. Kesimpulan : pemahaman masyarakat mengenai bahaya narkoba masih kategori cukup.
PENGABDIAN MAHASISWA FTIK UIN K.H ABDURRAHMAN WAHID MELALUI PRAKTIK MENGAJAR BERBASIS LESSON STUDY DI MTS WAHID HASYIM WARUNGASEM BATANG
Authors: Chonitsa Ana , Chorida Adila Amma , Indah Parwati Putri , Ferdiansyah Mochammad , Nailufar Yuyun , Lestari Dewi , Setyo Asih Rismania , Kumalasari Novi , Larasati
Published: November 2023

Mahasiswa merupakan agen yang turut serta beperan penting dalam menyukseskan implementasi tri dharma perguruan Tinggi. Peran sebagai mahasiswa secara langsung baik segi teori dan praktik dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat. Pengabdian mahasiswa FTIK UIN K.H Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas profesional para mahasiswa sebagai calon guru dimasa depan. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukan bahwa praktik mengajar berbasis lesson study menunjang para mahasiswa supaya terlibat langsung dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat setempat melalui bangku pendidikan. Implementasi pengabdian mahasiswa melalui praktik mengajar berbasis lesson study terdiri dari tiga tahapan dengan tujuannya masing-masing. Pertama tahap plan bertujuan supaya guru model mempersiapkan dan merancang modul ajar yang berkualitas. Kedua, tahap do bertujuan agar guru model bisa melaksanakan tahap plan secara maksimal yang didampingi observer. Ketiga, tahap see bertujuan untuk merefleksikan tahap do atau bentuk perbaikan melalui catatan obsever. Berbagai bentuk media dan model pembelajaran yang menarik dapat melatih siswa berkemampuan critikal thinking, creativity, collaboration dan communication
PENYULUHAN TEKNIK RELAKSASI UNTUK MENCEGAH DAMPAK LANJUT HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI POSYANDU MACANAN KEBAKKRAMAT
Authors: Muhammad Dhaffa Karyanto  , Griska Mutiara Kartika  , Adel Restasia Cinta  , Arif Pristianto  , Wahyu Tri Sudaryanto
Published: November 2023

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian dini di seluruh dunia, dengan perkiraan 9,4 juta kematian pada tahun 2014. Di Indonesia, tingkat kejadian hipertensi mengalami peningkatan signifikan, mencapai 34,1% pada tahun 2018 dibandingkan dengan 25,8% pada tahun 2013 Hipertensi adalah kondisi di mana tekanan darah sistolik lebih dari 140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik lebih dari 90 mmHg pada dua kali pengukuran berlangsung lima menit dalam keadaan istirahat. Gejala-gejala hipertensi dapat mencakup sakit kepala, pusing, detak jantung yang cepat, kelelahan, penglihatan kabur, tinnitus, dan mimisan. Untuk meningkatkan mengatasi kejadian kasus hipertensi, Puskesmas telah melakukan berbagai tindakan, termasuk terapi farmakologi, penyuluhan tentang pola makan rendah garam, dan pemeriksaan berkala melalui program prolanis. Selain itu, penggunaan teknik relaksasi otot progresif juga menjadi pilihan untuk membantu menurunkan tekanan darah. Teknik relaksasi otot progresif adalah metode relaksasi otot yang bertujuan mencapai relaksasi dan mengurangi ketegangan tanpa bergantung pada kemampuan berimajinasi, tingkat kesabaran, atau sugesti. Metode ini melibatkan pengencangan otot secara perlahan dan kemudian melepaskan ketegangan secara berurutan, dimulai dari otot jari kaki hingga kepala. Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memberikan penyuluhan mengenai penyakit hipertensi dan menjalankan program pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan Teknik relaksasi otot progresif untuk membantu menurunkan tingkat hipertensi. Teknik relaksasi otot progresif adalah metode relaksasi otot yang bertujuan mencapai relaksasi dan mengurangi ketegangan tanpa bergantung pada kemampuan berimajinasi, tingkat kesabaran, atau sugesti. Metode ini melibatkan pengencangan otot secara perlahan dan kemudian melepaskan ketegangan secara berurutan, dimulai dari otot jari kaki hingga kepala. Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memberikan penyuluhan mengenai penyakit hipertensi dan menjalankan program pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan Teknik relaksasi otot progresif untuk membantu menurunkan tingkat hipertensi. Teknik relaksasi otot progresif adalah metode relaksasi otot yang bertujuan mencapai relaksasi dan mengurangi ketegangan tanpa bergantung pada kemampuan berimajinasi, tingkat kesabaran, atau sugesti. Metode ini melibatkan pengencangan otot secara perlahan dan kemudian melepaskan ketegangan secara berurutan, dimulai dari otot jari kaki hingga kepala. Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memberikan penyuluhan mengenai penyakit hipertensi dan menjalankan program pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan Teknik relaksasi otot progresif untuk membantu menurunkan tingkat hipertensi.
BAPAS GOES TO SCHOOL : SOSIALISASI PEMAHAMAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SEKOLAH DI KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Ningtyas Ratu Arum , Regina Ibrahim  , Salmaa Sekar Anami  , Ahmad Jumantoro  , Farhan Fadlurrohman
Published: November 2023

Bapas Goes To School merupakan program pengabdian masyarakat yang diwadahi oleh Balai Pemasyarakatan kelas II Kediri dalam rangka tindakan preventif terhadap peningkatan jumlah anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum di Kota Kediri. Dalam program ini meliputi 3 kegiatan utama yakni sosialisasi mengenai hukum secara umum, bahaya narkoba dan laka lantas; tanya jawab dan kuis. Metode dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Participatory action research (PAR), yang mana melibatkan partisipasi aktif dari komunitas atau kelompok masyarakat yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Program ini disambut baik oleh pihak sekolah di Kota Kediri. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tingginya antusiasme baik oleh anak didik dan pihak sekolah terhadap berlangsungnya kegiatan Bapas Goes To School
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN DASAR PEMROGRAMAN MATLAB (MATRIX LABORATORY) DI SMK PGRI BANJARBARU
Authors: Trianiza Ice , Abdurrahim sidiq  , Ayu Novia Lisdawati
Published: November 2023

SMK PGRI BANJARBARU is one of the private schools located on the Loktabat rubber plantation road, Banjarbaru City which has quite good resources, both teachers, staff and students. At this time, the knowledge regarding mathematical programming for teachers and students at SMK PGRI BANJARBARU is only limited to learning knowledge, without any skills, for this reason it is necessary to provide training and mentoring in mathematical programming, one of which is using MATLAB software, which must make programming material an open material. given to the students. Programming languages taught. teachers to students now are HTML and JavaScript. Then, the school switched to Pascal recently, but there are no reports regarding student performance. Based on information and requests from the Principal, Mr. Setiawan S.E, during a field study visit in February 2023, asked the proposing team to provide Matlab programming training for students and teachers at his school. A preliminary survey has also been carried out by the implementing team at this school. This school has provided electricity facilities and has a number of computers. This really supports the implementation of the activities in question. This is what underlies us to carry out community service with the title Basic training and assistance for programming matlab teachers at SMK PGRI BANJARBARU. The results of knowledge regarding Matlab training and assistance increased as seen by the students' average score of 92.5
PERAN PERKUMPULAN PETANI PEMAKAI AIR (P3A) JURANGAGUNG LESTARI DALAM MENYEJAHTERAKAN ANGGOTA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI ( STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: WARSITO LILIK , HERMAWAN FAJAR
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAKÂ Sebagai organisasi yang berperan menampung aspirasi masyarakat petani di desa, P3A memiliki peran signifikan dan strategis, karenanya keanggotaan P3A perlu memperlihatkan keterwakilan semua unsur masyarakat petani sesuai dengan Undang â€“ Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2013 tentang Perlindungan dan Pemberdayaan Petani. Mengatur mengenai pemberdayaan petani sebagai suatu usaha untuk meningkatkan kemampuan petani dalam melaksanakan usaha tani yang lebih baik. Geografis desa Jurangagung yang berupa perbukitan menjadikan desa Jurangagung daerah yang rawan terjadi tanah longsor dan sedimentasi. Perbedaan kepentingan antar petani desa juga menjadi masalah yang menghambat perkembangan pertanian di desa Jurangagung. Keberadaan semua unsur warga desa, termasuk warga desa petani, dalam pengambilan keputusan diharapkan mampu menghadirkan peraturan dan kebijakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat petani. Keterlibatan semua masyarakat petani dalam ruang pengambilan kebijakan P3A masih rendah yang disebabkan oleh beberapa hal diantaranya adalah keterbatasan informasi antara pengurus P3A, Pemerintah Desa dengan masyarakat petani yang mengakibatkan pengambilan kebijakan publik menjadi terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran peran masyarakat petani dalam pengisian keanggoatan di P3A dan faktor â€“ faktor yang memengaruhi hal tersebut.
URGENSI RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG MASYARAKAT ADAT DITINJAU DARI KONFLIK WARGA ADAT TORUAKAT DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: MARTINESYA SEFA
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK Konflik yang terjadi antara Masyarakat Adat Toruakat dengan PT. Bulawan Daya Lestari, di Bolaang Mongondow â€“ Sulawesi Utara, yang mengakibatkan 1 (satu) orang warga adat tewas dan 4 (empat) orang warga adat lainnya luka-luka, dapat dikatakan menguak fakta bahwa Pemerintah tidak dapat hadir untuk melindungi masyarakat adat. Perlindungan, pemenuhan, dan pengakuan terhadap masyarakat adat seharusnya bertalian dengan substansi hak asasi manusia yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Artinya, adanya pengukuhan dalam konstitusi tidak hanya sebatas pengakuan hak konstitusional masyarakat adat, melainkan juga harus menjamin terpenuhinya hak-hak konstitusional tersebut. Terjadinya konflik tersebut pada akhirnya dapat menunjukan bahwa terdapat urgensi Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Adat. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa urgensi Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Adat ditinjau dari konflik Warga Adat Toruakat di Sulawesi Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis normatif, dengan sumber data sekunder sebagai data utama, selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif.
DAMPAK PENETAPAN LOCKDOWN BAGI SEBUAH NEGARA DALAM PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN BERDASARKAN ASAS KEADILAN
Authors: MARKUAT MARKUAT
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAKCovid 19 merupakan virus yang muncul di awal 2020 yang dimulai di Kota Wuhan Propinsi Hubei Di China. Penyakit ini mengakibatkan pandemi koronavirus 2019â€“2020. Akibat dari Covid 19 ini tidak hanya personal saja tetapi hingga bersifat menjadi bencana nasional. Salah satu kebijakan yang diambil oleh negara dari 177 negara yang teridentifikasi Covid 19 adalah lockdown, yaitu dimana adanya larangan untuk keluar masuk suatu tempat atau gedung untuk mencegah penularan. Indonesia belum mengeluarkan kebijakan ini, nantinya jika kebijakan ini dikeluarkan maka negara harus memperhatikan HAM dari warga negara. Maka selanjutnya berdasarkan fakta-fakta diatas maka penulis akan menganalisa beberapa hal: : 1) Bagaimana penanganan Covid 19 di berbagai Negara;2) Bagaimanakah kebijakan kekarantinaan kesehatan di Indonesia. Penulis akan melakukan penelitian hokum yuridis normatifÂ  . Penelitian hukum normatif terdiri dari penelitian terhadap asas-asas hukum, sistematika hukum, taraf sinkronasi hukum, sejarah hukum dan perbandingan hukum. Dan pada akhirnya penulis mendapatkan bahwa pentingnya perlindungan HAM bagi Warga Negara selama pandemi ini berlangsung hingga diperlukan kebijakan-kebijakan untuk menanggulangi Covid 19.Â
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS RAHASIA PERUSAHAAN MELALUI SISTEM RAHASIA DAGANG
Authors: Lamijan Lamijan , Tohari Mohamad
Published: November 2023

Salah satu aset perusahaan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi adalah rahasia perusahaan (trade secret). Objek adalah suatu bentuk informasi rahasia dagang perusahaan, baik tertulis maupun tidak tertulis. Apabila perusahaan tidak menyadari bahwa rahasia perusahaan merupakan aset yang dilindungi undang-undang Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI), dapat dimungkinkan akan terjadi banyak pelanggaran. Permasalahan yang akan diteliti adalah : Apa keuntungan dan kerugian dari perlindungan rahasia dagang rahasia perusahaan dengan sistem tersebut?, Dan langkah apa saja yang perlu dilakukan perusahaan untuk melindungi rahasia perusahaan? Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, yaitu mengkaji permasalahan yang ada berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan rahasia perusahaan yang dilindungi oleh sistem rahasia dagang tidak terbatas pada jangka waktu perlindungan, sedangkan kerugiannya adalah perlindungan rahasia dagang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas karena sistem perlindungan yang ketat. Langkah dan upaya yang dilakukan perusahaan untuk melindungi rahasia perusahaan dapat dilakukan dengan mendaftarkan data rahasia dagang yang bersifat administratif pada Direktorat Jenderal Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia. Adapun langkah konkrit untuk melindungi rahasia perusahaan antara lain melalui tindakan fisik dan langkah pembuatan perjanjian tertulis. Pemberian perlindungan rahasia perusahaan melalui dua langkah di atas memberikan kontribusi yang besar untuk mengurangi perusahaan melakukan pelanggaran rahasia dagang di lingkungan perusahaan.Â Kata kunci: kekayaan intelektual, perusahaan, rahasia dagang
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL TERHADAP HAK KETENAGAKERJAAN PEGAWAI MASJID AGUNG JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Ekaningsih Lailasari , Karyadi Agustono
Published: November 2023

Pegawai merupakan aset penting, partner kerja sekaligus investasi perusahaan dalam meningkatkan produktivitasnya. Mengingat akan pentingnya pegawai, maka perlindungan ketenagakerjaan wajib diberikan oleh perusahaan kepada pegawainya yang harus disesuaikan dengan kebutuhannya.Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan dibentuk oleh pemerintah berdasarkan ketentuan perundang-undangan, untuk menyelenggarakan perlindungan bagi tenaga kerja dalam bentuk program jaminan sosial ketenagakerjaan.Â  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji bagaimana peranan BPJS Ketenagakerjaan terhadap perlindungan ketenagakerjaan bagi pegawai di Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah (MAJT) dan hambatan terhadap perlindungan ketenagakerjaan bagi Pegawai Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPJS Ketenagakerjaan melindungi pegawai MAJT dengan lima program jaminan sosial, meliputi jaminan kecelakaan kerja, jaminan hari tua, jaminan kematian, jaminan pension dan jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan. Adapun hambatan dalam perlindungan ketenagakerjaan bagi Pegawai Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah, diantaranya yaitu masih adanya sebagian pegawai yang tidak terdaftar sebagai peserta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan yang disebabkan oleh berbagai hal sehingga menjadikan perlindungan terhadap pegawai MAJT masih belum maksimal.Â Kata Kunci : BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, Perlindungan Ketenagakerjaan, Jaminan Sosial
AKTUALISASI BADAN PENGAWAS PEMILIHAN UMUM DALAM MENCEGAH PELANGGARAN PEMILU DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sukimin Sukimin , Juita Subaidah Ratna
Published: November 2023

Bawaslu merupakan Lembaga yang berperan dalam strategi pengawalan pemilu yang berintegritas bagi kemajuan bangsa. Tugas Bawaslu mengatur pelaksanaan, mengupayakan sistem pencegahan (preventif) untuk menekan adanya bentuk pelanggaran. metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normative. hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa aktualisasi bawaslu dalam mencegah pelanggaran pemilu di Indonesia sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan masih memiliki kendala yang perlu diperbaiki dengan adanya ketidakpastian dan interpretasi yang beragam dari peraturan teknis yang diterbitkan oleh para penyelenggara di level pusat. Adapun factor pendorong Bawaslu dalam melakukan pencegahan pelanggaran Pemilu yaitu peningkatan terhadap kedudukan dan Â fungsional Bawaslu. Sedangkan Faktor Penghambat Bawaslu yaitu belum memiliki strategi khusus untuk mencegah politik transaksional. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari tingkat pelanggaran yang terjadi selama pelaksanaan Pemilusebelumnya. Kualitas sumber daya manusia masih dirasa kurang sehingga perlu adanya penguatan kelembagaan. Kurangnya informasi tentang Pemilu dan pengawasan Pemilu serta rendahnya kemampuan teknis masyarakat dalam melakukan pengawasan Pemilu, merupakan akibat dari adanya ketidak seimbangan antara partisipasi masyarakat di Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Bawaslu, pelanggaran, Pemilu.
Actorii patrimoniului și dezvoltarea durabilă a comunităților rurale din România. Cazul colecției RezArt – Muzeu – Ateliere din satul Iaz, județul Sălaj
Authors: Pascu Ana
Published: November 2023

Cultural heritage has changed its definition for the last decades, slowly becoming an important economic resource especially in areas where the sustainable development through tourism is the only economic development solution. These changes happened based on a strong connection with the worldwide awareness of the important role of social actors, creators and beneficiaries of the heritage. In this study, we focus on the particular case of private actors in heritage (communities, NGOs, individuals), found at the interface between rural communities and state institutions, between constraining laws and the freedom of those who create cultural values, but cannot manage. Among those, we refer to the private collectors of ethnographic objects. The tasks they assume for themselves are difficult. Leaders with distinguished moral qualities are needed, leaders that are true „cultural entrepreneurs”, to whom the work for cultural heritage demands a specialization. The paper discusses the problems and tensions that occur during the management of cultural heritage done by the private actors and also present the fortunate case of the RezArt - Museum - Workshops ethnographic collection, Iaz village, Sălaj county, owned by Ligia-Alexandra Pop.
O nouă reglementare - Statutul lucrătorului cultural profesionist
Authors: Vasile Alis
Published: November 2023

The paper presents a new regulation issued in Romania, in April 2023, regarding the Status of the professional cultural worker, following the E.U. and UNESCO recommendations on the matter of the precarity of artists and cultural workers activity; although not all the UNESCO recommendations are observed by the Romanian regulation, it represents a first step in supporting the independent cultural sector, namely professionals outside the „employee” legal framework, based on a regular „work contract”, offering tax reductions, right of fee negotiations and recognition of work experience. The paper also analyses the international recommendations in force, current national regulations on the status of the artist and the cultural worker, as well as data from recent research on the subject. A special section of the article refers to the present situation of specific occupations in the field of cultural heritage in Romania, indicating the potentially low impact of the new regulation in this particular sector, due to the current national institutional and legal context that favours the regular „work contract”.
Assessment of Food Intake and Nutritional Status of Children Attending Montessori School of Pokhara Valley
Authors: Lamsal Alina , Yadav Dipendra Kumar , Parajuli Bijaya
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Childhood is a time of critical growth in which proper nutrition is necessary. Children afflicted by sustained poor nutrition are at greater risk for obesity, mental and emotional health problems and a failure to thrive academically. The objective of this study was to assess the food intake of children attending the Montessori school.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 235 children of 3-5 years from twenty Montessori schools. Data were collected using simple random sampling. A weighed food was recorded from the consumption of children during a day of their stay in the Montessori school along with the observation of food consumption.

Results:  More than every nine out of ten children (92.8%) didn’t meet calorie requirement. The mean food intake during their stay in Montessori was 368.81±111.89 grams. Mean calorie, fat, protein, retinol and beta carotene intake were 540±150.5 Kcal, 10.04±5.6 grams, 13.25±5.49 grams, 49.76±32.6 grams, 135.75±274.67 grams respectively. Dietary fat (OR=3.7, 95% CI; 1.8, 7.5) and protein consumption (OR=2.2, 95% CI; 1.1, 4.4) were significantly associated with overweight status of children.

Conclusion: The amount of nutritive foods should be increased so that the children meet adequate amount of nutrient required for the proper growth and development of their body. Since the association between dietary fat and protein intake with overweight condition was observed the excess use of fat providing foods should be limited and protein rich foods should be provided as per the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of Montessori children.

Keywords: Food intake, nutritional status, children, Nepal
Tele-stroke services in rural areas of Nepal: a dire need
Authors: Ghimire Sagun
Published: November 2023

With the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in South Asian countries, Nepal also holds a pertinent position with the rapidly increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Among the South Asian countries with the least developed health infrastructure in Nepal, the hurdles of providing equal health services to all demographic and geographic groups of people had always been a matter of serious concern. Moreover, the citizens of rural Nepal had always been kept at a distance from even minor to several major healthcare services for decades and stroke-related illness falls under one of those major diseases with spiking rates of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Traditional risk factors, lifestyle and feeding practices of those regions combined with arduous transportation facilities barring the rural citizens from getting health care services from tertiary care centers have increased morbidity rates as well. Along with it the numbers of neurologists and stroke centers providing specialist services are not in par with the burden of stroke-related illness. Adding to it such stroke care services are below scarce level and completely devoid in most of the areas of rural Nepal which is a matter of global health concern.  Telestroke service if properly implemented can act a modern solution to provide access to such special health care services preventing rural citizens from lifelong disability and dependence.
Awareness of Cardiovascular Health among Adults Residing in a Municipality in Kathmandu District, Nepal
Authors: Subedee Samiksha , Sharma Muna
Published: November 2023

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of high disability adjusted life years and premature death, accounting disability among 43% of cases. If there is public awareness, most of the cardiovascular diseases can be prevented with modification of behavioral risk factors.  Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the peoples’ awareness on cardiovascular health. 
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Data was collected using an in-person interview technique among randomly selected 236 adults residing in Budhanilkantha Municipality of Kathmandu District. Semi-structured interview schedule based on WHO Stepwise approach and literature review was used to collect data. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, median, Inter Quartile Range) and inferences were drawn with an application of the chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Among 236 participants, most (85.6%) of the adults had an adequate level of awareness regarding cardiovascular health. However, around 80% of them were unaware of radiating pain as a symptom of heart attack and around 40% of adults did not recognize high blood sugar and dyslipidemia as risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Awareness of cardiovascular health was significantly associated with educational level (p<0.001), ethnicity (p=0.021), self-reported morbidities (p=0.044) and family history of morbidities (p<0.001). 
Conclusion: Although adults were aware of cardiovascular health, most of them did not know that control of blood sugar and blood cholesterol are necessary to maintain cardiovascular health. Hence, awareness programs targeting these aspects would be beneficial.
Knowledge and Attitude on Substance Abuse among Higher Secondary Schools Adolescents in Kathmandu District
Authors: Neupane Sharmila , Darshandhari Gayetri
Published: November 2023

Background: Substance abuse creates a great threat to the health, social and economic condition of individual, family, community and to the nation. In the past two decades’ abuse of substances is an important public health concern especially among adolescent which creates tremendous burden on society. So, researchers were interested to assess the knowledge and attitude of adolescents on substance abuse in higher secondary schools of Kathmandu district.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to assess the knowledge and attitude of adolescence on substance abuse. At first seven school and colleges was selected by the probability simple random sampling technique with 630 sample studying management and humanities. Data collection was done through self-administered questionnaire.
Results: More than half (59.2%) respondents have poor knowledge whereas only 8.6% have good level of knowledge on substance abuse, as only few   have good level of knowledge on substance abuse. There is significant association between the level of   knowledge with   age group (p value 0.011), Sex (p value 0.001), Ethnicity (p value 0.001), type of family (p value 0.001) and father’s education (p value 0.027) mother’s education (p value 0.009), father occupation (p value 0.036), and relationship between parents (p value 0.01). 
Conclusion: More than half respondents have poor knowledge   whereas only 8.6% have good level of knowledge on substance abuse. Though awareness campaigns exist in the country, but findings of this study suggest that   still these activities need to be made more strengthen in order to make aware to   the youth.
Knowledge and Practice of Injection Safety among Nurses Working in Tertiary Health Science Institute of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Rayamajhi Sarobara , Thapa Pachya Ambika
Published: November 2023

Background: Injections are among the nursing procedures which are commonly performed worldwide. Unsafe injections occur routinely in most developing world regions, implying a significant potential for the transmission of blood borne pathogen. Unsafe injections currently account for a significant proportion of all new hepatitis B and C infections. This study was done to explore the factors affecting knowledge and practices and to carry out observation in selected sample.
Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study among 143 nurses working at selected wards of BPKIHS using self-administered questionnaire. The Medical, Surgical, Emergency, Orthopedic, ICU, SICU, Gynecology, Antenatal and Postnatal wards were selected purposively and the nurses were selected using population proportionate stratified random sampling. Observation of the 30 injection procedure was carried out .Collected data was analyzed using various descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 25.48±3.66 years. Poor knowledge was seen among 33.6% and good knowledge was seen among 66.4% of the respondents. Similarly, good practice was observed among 11.2% and excellent practice was observed among 88.6% of the respondents. Significant association was found between knowledge and socio-demographic variables i.e. total work experience (p 0.023), vaccination against hepatitis B (p<0.001)
Conclusion: The study concluded that one third of the nurses had good knowledge regarding injection safety and majority of the nurses had excellent practice. The major lacking was seen related to the steps to be taken immediate after needle stick injury, practices of recapping of the syringes and coverage of the Hepatitis B vaccination. We recommend the authority of the study setting to prioritize these components. Further participatory observation studies are required to explore factors related to the knowledge and practices of safe injection practices.
Patent Prolapsed Vitellointestinal Duct in Neonate: Sonographic and Magnetic Resonance Evaluation
Authors: Sharma Bharat , Sharma Shashi , Sharma Rohit
Published: November 2023

Omphalomesenteric duct can result in various forms of anomalies due to the failure of its absorption. Various presentations can be in the form of patent vitelline duct, Meckel’s diverticulum, sinus tract, fibrous band, umbilical polyp prolapsing over the umbilicus or enteric fistula. It is important to diagnose these various anomalies in neonates with ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which are radiation free modalities. We present the case of a 20-day-old male baby who was having partial intestinal obstruction, umbilical discharge and slight herniated content from the umbilicus. The neonate underwent USG and MRI studies and was diagnosed with prolapsed vitellointestinal duct. In general, diagnosis of patent prolapsed vitellointestinal duct is difficult on clinical examination on the first look. USG and MRI help in the confirmation of the diagnosis as the anatomical details are well delineated by these modalities and in addition to being radiation hazards-free. This helps in early management as these types of pathologies can lead to many fatal complications.
Morphometric Variations of Thyroid Gland: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Bhattarai Laxmi
Published: November 2023

Background: The size of thyroid gland is subject to great variations. The thyroid gland consists of two lobes and a bridging isthmus. It is located anteriorly in the neck at the level of the C5–T1 vertebrae deep to the Infrahyoid muscles. The developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland are partial and total agenesis, various ectopic tissues, accessory thyroid, and absence of isthmus. This distorts the morphology of the gland and causes clinical and functional disorders.
Methods: The thyroid gland was removed from 28 embalmed cadavers. Specimen of abnormal conditions like enlarged gland, partial and total agenesis of gland and absent isthmus was excluded from the study. Presence of pyramidal lobe and levator glandulae thyroidea was noted. The dimensions of each lobe was measured using Vernier caliper. Descriptive statistics was calculated as mean and standard deviation.
Results: The average length (right lobe=4.96cm, left lobe= 4.48cm), width (right lobe=2.25cm, left lobe=1.86cm) and thickness (right lobe=1.53cm, left lobe=1.45cm) were measured. Pyramidal lobe was present in 32.14%. Levator glandulae thyroidea was found in only one case (3.57%).
Conclusion: Variation in the dimensions of thyroid gland are reported. Knowledge of the wide ranging variations and measurements will help the surgeons and radiologists in correct interpretation, diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases.
Parental Experience of the Children with Gastrointestinal Stoma in Kanti Children Hospital, a Tertiary Level Children Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Manandhar Smriti , Shrestha Sarala , Shrestha Sangita , Maharjan Mankeshari
Published: November 2023

Background: The gastrointestinal stomas are seen as the obligatory condition for the treatment of children with gastrointestinal malfunction where their parents have to face various challenges. The lived experience of parents having children with gastrointestinal stomas was explored in this study.
Methods: Qualitative phenomenological research design was used. Data were gathered by interviewing total 11 mothers with children having stoma for at least 2 weeks and admitted in a hospital. Thematic analysis was done with obtained data.
Results: Six major emergent themes from the study were the parent’s journey with child’s health, challenges faced, resilience in caring the child, change in family life, support system and socio-cultural perception and influence.
Conclusion: Parents of the children with the stoma face a range of problems and challenges. So, to sustain a better and conducive life of the parent and their children with stoma, parental resilience must be enhanced by developing an integrated support in the journey of the parenthood.
Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Ondansetron Using Natural Superdisintegrants
Authors: Maharjan Asha , HS Keerthy , Gururaj S. Kulkarni , FR Sheeba , Khadka Sitaram
Published: November 2023

Background: Fast disintegrating tablet (FDT) of ondansetron has better patient compliance as it is easy to swallow for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. Moreover, fast absorption, rapid onset, reduced loss of drugs, and enhanced bioavailability are making oral dispersible systems a better drug delivery system. This research was conducted with the objective to formulate and evaluate the oral FDT of ondansetron HCl using natural polymers.
Methods: The tablets were formulated employing the direct compression technique using different ratios of natural super disintegrants such as spray-dried banana powder, ispaghula husk powder, and combination of both polymers. The developed powders were subjected to the pre-compression parameters and the powders were punched using a single-head rotatory compression machine. The formulated 200            mg tablets were subjected to post-compression evaluation.
Results: The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy studies showed no chemical interaction between pure drugs, natural super disintegrants, and other excipients. Formulation F6 containing ispaghula husk powder in a 1:4 ratio demonstrated 98.60±0.003% of drug release within 10 minutes indicating the best formulation.
Conclusion: FDT of ondansetron was considered the best formulation in the drug delivery system which followed the Higuchi model with the Fickian release.
Awareness Regarding Diabetes Mellitus among Clients Attending a Diabetes, Thyroid & Endocrinology Care Centre, Kupandole, Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Pragya , Neupane Gita , Shakya Priti
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common non-communicable disease and has emerged as a major health issue globally. It is a group of metabolic disorders caused by high blood sugar in the blood. The awareness of patients about their illness is considered as an important factor in controlling blood sugar and preventing complications through self-care management. The objective of the study was to find out the level of awareness regarding diabetes mellitus among clients.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 80 diabetic clients. The clients were selected by non-probability sampling technique. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. It included the components of diabetes such as its meaning, risk factors, causes, clinical features, blood tests, complications, management, and preventive measures. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0.
Results: Majority (76.25%) of the clients were in the age group of 55–79 years, and 51.25% were female. Most of the clients (81.25%) had a history of diabetes for 1–15 years since the diagnosis. Sixty percent had adequate awareness regarding diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is concluded that the awareness regarding diabetes among clients is inadequate. They have inadequate awareness of the causes of diabetes in terms of smoking, alcohol consumption, and advancing age. Unawareness of the causes leads to ignorance of preventive measures for diabetes and low quality of life among diabetic clients. So, an improved and well-structured continuing educational program for raising awareness of diabetes among diabetic clients is needed.
Knowledge on Malaria and Health Seeking Behavior among the People of Belauri Municipality of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Paudel Ashok Kumar , Chhetri Muni Raj , Panta Prem Prasad , Luintel Rashmi , BC Sandhya
Published: November 2023

Background: Malaria infection is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes and 247 million cases of malaria in 2021, an increase from 245 million cases in 2020. The objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and health seeking behavior on malaria among the people of Belauri Municipality of Nepal.
Method: A Cross-sectional descriptive study was done among randomly selected 387 households. Head of the households were the respondents for face to face interview.  Pretested and validated tool was used for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 used for data analysis. Percentages, frequency, bivariate and multivariate analysis has been to measure the distribution and level of association.
Results: Overall knowledge about symptoms of malaria was good among 57.9% and who possessed a good understanding of malaria symptoms tended to seek treatment from modern health facilities during a malaria fever. Of these individuals, 43.8% sought treatment from public health facilities, while 32.7% sought treatment from private health facilities, resulting in a total of 76.5% seeking treatment from modern health facilities. However, the analysis found that the level of knowledge regarding malaria symptoms was not statistically significant (p=0.13) in relation to health-seeking behavior.
Conclusions: For success of malaria prevention, programs should be designed to increase level of knowledge and also the translation of knowledge domain into appropriate health care seeking behavior in malaria fever.
Performance Obstacles and Workload of Nurses Working in Critical Care Unit at Teaching Hospital
Authors: Poudyal Sunita , Sharma Kalpana , KC Soni
Published: November 2023

Background: Performance obstacles are the elements of immediate workplace that restrict nurses' capacity to perform their duties. Performance obstacles are significant predictor of nurses' workload, which lowers their satisfaction and, in turn, affects their quality of work life. This study aimed to assess the performance obstacles and workload of nurses working in critical care unit.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among all the 103 nurses working in critical units of selected hospital. Non-probability total enumerative sampling technique was used. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire from 5th March 2023 to 5th April 2023. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 15 using descriptive statistics for the description of variables, and Spearmann correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the relationship between variables.
Results: Study revealed that, among the four domains of obstacles, nurses experienced higher performance obstacles in task domain (50.0%), followed by work environment (37.5%), whereas lowest in organization domain (28.5%). The median overall performance obstacle score reported by nurses was 36%. There was positive correlation between performance obstacles related to tasks with workload domains of mental demand (r=0.257, p=0.009), physical demand (r=0.258, p=0.009), temporal demand (r=0.212, p=0.031) and efforts (r=0.250, p=0.011). Likewise, performance obstacles related to organization was positively correlated with mental demand (r=0.236, p=0.017), physical demand (r=0.246, p=0.012), temporal demand (r=0.361, p<0.001) and efforts (r=0.309=, p=0.001). Further, positive correlation was found between performance obstacles related to tools with temporal demand (r=0.300, p=0.002) and efforts (r=0.201, p=0.042).
Conclusions: Nurses experience performance obstacles in the critical care units. Performance obstacles are positively correlated with the workload of the nurses. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce performance obstacles of the nurses in the critical care unit.
Kompetensi Mahkamah Syari’ah Dalam Menangani Perkara Ekonomi Syari’ah
Authors: Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Published: November 2023

Artikel berikut ini mencoba untuk menyelidiki kompetensi Peradilan Agama dalam menangani perkara Ekonomi Syariah. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi baru-baru ini adalah perluasan yurisdiksi Peradilan Agama sesuai dengan UU No. 3 Tahun 2006, khususnya mengenai penanganan perkara Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia. Di sisi lain yang berwenang menangani perkara-perkara jasa keuangan syariah termasuk di dalamnya perkara sengketa perbankan syariah adalah Peradilan Agama. Dengan adanya amandemen ini, tidak hanya memperluas kewenangan Peradilan Agama, tetapi juga memberikan ruang lingkup yang jelas mengenai sengketa ekonomi syari'ah yang tidak hanya terbatas pada masalah perbankan saja, tetapi juga meliputi lembaga keuangan mikro syari'ah, asuransi syari'ah, reasuransi syari'ah, reksadana syari'ah, obligasi syari'ah, surat berharga berjangka menengah syari'ah, sekuritas syari'ah, multifinance syari'ah, pegadaian syari'ah, reksadana syari'ah, lembaga keuangan syari'ah, dan bisnis syari'ah.
Pemikiran Fiqh Imam Ja’far Asshiddiq
Authors: Nurdin Safriadi
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini mengangkat tentang pemikiran fiqh Imam Ja’far Asshiddiq (melacak perkembangan mazhab ja’fariyah). Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengkaji buku dan kitab tentang Fiqh Ja’fari, ushul fiqh Ja’fariyah dijadikan sebagai bahan primer, dan buku-buku yang lainnya yang berhubungan dengan pembahasan penelitian ini sebagai bahan sekunder, sehingga pola ini berbentuk kualitatif. Di samping itu, analisa yang penulis gunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan kesimpulan bahwa Imam Ja’far Asshadiq merupakan pendiri dari mazhab Ja’fariyah. ia dilahirkan  pada tahun 80 Hijriyah dan diwafatkan pada tahun 148 Hijriyah. Pemberian gelar Imam dan Shadiq kepadanya dikarenakan: Pertama, Imam Ja’far dikenal dengan orang yang benar-benar shadiq, jujur dalam ucapannya dan perbuatannya, tidak dikenal dari diri Ja`far selain sifat shidq (jujur, benar). Kedua, karena kedalaman dan keluasan ilmunya. Sedangkan sumber hukum mazhab ini adalah Al-qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma’,  dan Akal. Dalam hal fiqh, mazhab ini sangat dekat dengan hanya 17 perbedaan saja dengan fiqh ahli sunnah (Hanafiyah, Malikiyah, Syafi’iyah, dan Hambaliyah). Salah satunya yang paling utama adalah masalah menghalalkan nikah mut'ah. Ahlussunnah seluruhnya sepakat bahwa nikah mut'ah itu haram dan tidak ada bedanya dengan zina.
Eksistensi Fiqh Dalam Konteks Siyasah Kekinian
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Lahirnya undang-undang yang memberikan hak istimewa kepada pemerintah Aceh untuk menjalankan rumah tangga pemerintahan sendiri. Para pemimpin di Aceh bisa memasukkan aturan syariat kedalam aturan daerah dengan cara membuat rancangan Qanun yang sesuai dengan landasan Fiqh. Kewenangan Pemerintah Aceh untuk mengatur pelaksanaan atau penyelenggaraan otonomi khusus telah tesebut dalam UU No. 18 Tahun 2001, Pemerintah Aceh bisa menuangkan hak otonomi tersebut kedalam Qanun. Implementasi syariat Islam di Aceh merupakan suatu yang spesial pada masa modern. Penelitian ini berjudul Eksistensi Fiqh Dalam Konteks Siyasah Kekinian (Studi Kasus Penerapan Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat Di Aceh). Permasalahan yang ingin diteliti dalam penelitian ini ialah tentang rumusan Fiqh yang terdapat dalam isi sebuah qanun yang telah ditetapkan dalam pemerintahan Aceh khususnya Qanun Jinayat. Penelitian juga untuk menilik seberapa besarnya Fiqh dalam penerapan sebuah Qanun. Permasalahan dalam Risalah ini ialah 1). Bagaimana eksistensi  Fiqih dalam qanun nomor 6 tahun 2014 tetang jinayah? dan 2). Apakah Penerapan Qanun nomor 6 tahun 2014 tetang Jinayah sudah sesuai dengan qaidah Fiqh ?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat Kualitatif dan menggunakan metode Penelitian pustakan (Library Search), dimana teknik dan sumber data utama ialah melalui pengumpulan dan pengkajian pada kitab atau buku dan dipadukan dengan hasil data tambahan seperti Jurnal atau makalah yang serupa. Dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa eksistensi hukum islam dalam konteks siyasah kekinian semakin terlihat jelas dalam pemerintahan Aceh meskipun ada juga beberapa hukum yang masih jauh dari kontek hukum Islam. Kita juga dapat mengeahui bahwa penerapan Qanun jinayat di Aceh sudah relevan dengan kaidah Fiqh. Hal ini dapat kita lihat pada praktek hukum yang diterapkan pada Qanun jinayat yang mengikuti ketentuan Fiqh meskipun masih terdapat beberapa poin hukum atau kasus yang masih belum menyentuh dengan norma kaidah Fiqh.
Evaluating Study Design Rigor in Preclinical Cardiovascular Research: A Replication Study
Authors: Jimenez Isaiah C , Montenegro Gabrielle C , Zahiri Keyana , Patel Damini , Mueller Adrienne
Published: November 2023

Methodological rigor remains a priority in preclinical cardiovascular research to ensure experimental reproducibility and high-quality research. Limited reproducibility diminishes the translation of preclinical discoveries into medical practice. In addition, lack of reproducibility fosters uncertainty in the public’s acceptance of reported research results.We evaluated the reporting of methodological practices in preclinical cardiovascular research studies published in leading scientific journals by screening articles for the inclusion of the following study design elements (SDEs): considering sex as a biological variable, randomization, blinding, and sample size power estimation. We screened for these SDEs across articles regarding preclinical cardiovascular research studies published between 2011 and 2021. We replicated and extended a study published in 2017 by Ramirez et al. We hypothesized a higher SDE inclusion across preclinical studies over time, that preclinical studies that include human and animal substudies within the same study will exhibit greater SDE inclusion than animal-only preclinical studies, and that a difference exists in SDE usage between large and small animal models.SDE inclusion was low; with 15.2% of animal-only studies including both sexes as a biological variable, 30.4% including randomization, 32.1% including blinding, and 8.2% including sample size estimation. The incorporation of SDEs did not significantly increase over the ten-year timeframe in the screened articles. Randomization and sample size estimation differed significantly between animal and human substudies (corrected p=1.85e-05 and corrected p=3.81e-07, respectively.)Evidence of methodological rigor varies depending on the study type and model organisms used. From 2011-2021, SDE reporting within preclinical studies has not increased, suggesting more work is needed to foster the inclusion of rigorous study design elements in cardiovascular research.