bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Strategy for Field Evaluations of Exposures and Respiratory Health of Workers at Small- to Medium-Sized Coffee Facilities
Authors: Virji M. Abbas , Cummings Kristin J. , Cox-Ganser Jean M.
Published: November 2021

Coffee production is a global industry with roasteries throughout the world. Workers in this industry are exposed to complex mixtures of gases, dusts, and vapors including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, coffee dust, allergens, alpha-diketones, and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Adverse respiratory health outcomes such as respiratory symptoms, reduced pulmonary function, asthma, and obliterative bronchiolitis can occur among exposed workers. In response to health hazard evaluations requests received from 17 small- to medium-sized coffee facilities across the United States, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducted investigations during 2016–2017 to understand the burden of respiratory abnormalities, exposure characteristics, relationships between exposures and respiratory effects, and opportunities for exposure mitigation. Full-shift, task-based, and instantaneous personal and area air samples for diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione and other VOCs were collected, and engineering controls were evaluated. Medical evaluations included questionnaire, spirometry, impulse oscillometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide. Exposure and health assessments were conducted using standardized tools and approaches, which enabled pooling data for aggregate analysis. The pooled data provided a larger population to better address the requestors' concern of the effect of exposure to alpha-diketones on the respiratory heath of coffee workers. This paper describes the rationale for the exposure and health assessment strategy, the approach used to achieve the study objectives, and its advantages and limitations.
Vaccine Confidence and Hesitancy at the Start of COVID-19 Vaccine Deployment in the UK: An Embedded Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Roberts Chrissy h. , Brindle Hannah , Rogers Nina T. , Eggo Rosalind M. , Enria Luisa , Lees Shelley
Published: November 2021

Background: Approval for the use of COVID-19 vaccines has been granted in a number of countries but there are concerns that vaccine uptake may be low amongst certain groups.

Methods: This study used a mixed methods approach based on online survey and an embedded quantitative/qualitative design to explore perceptions and attitudes that were associated with intention to either accept or refuse offers of vaccination in different demographic groups during the early stages of the UK's mass COVID-19 vaccination programme (December 2020). Analysis used multivariate logistic regression, structural text modeling and anthropological assessments.

Results: Of 4,535 respondents, 85% (n = 3,859) were willing to have a COVID-19 vaccine. The rapidity of vaccine development and uncertainties about safety were common reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. There was no evidence for the widespread influence of mis-information, although broader vaccine hesitancy was associated with intentions to refuse COVID-19 vaccines (OR 20.60, 95% CI 14.20–30.30, p < 0.001). Low levels of trust in the decision-making (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.08, 2.48, p = 0.021) and truthfulness (OR 8.76, 95% CI 4.15–19.90, p < 0.001) of the UK government were independently associated with higher odds of refusing COVID-19 vaccines. Compared to political centrists, conservatives and liberals were, respectively, more (OR 2.05, 95%CI 1.51–2.80, p < 0.001) and less (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.22–0.41, p < 0.001) likely to refuse offered vaccines. Those who were willing to be vaccinated cited both personal and public protection as reasons, with some alluding to having a sense of collective responsibility.

Conclusion: Dominant narratives of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy are misconceived as primarily being driven by misinformation. Key indicators of UK vaccine acceptance include prior behaviors, transparency of the scientific process of vaccine development, mistrust in science and leadership and individual political views. Vaccine programmes should leverage the sense of altruism, citizenship and collective responsibility that motivated many participants to get vaccinated.
Exposure to 10 Hz Pulsed Magnetic Fields Do Not Induce Cellular Senescence in Human Fetal Lung Fibroblasts
Authors: Sun Chuan , Huang Zheng , Qin Houbing , Zhang Jing , Wang Sanying , Xu Xiaogang , Ying Shibo , Mao Genxiang
Published: November 2021

Rapid population aging has led to a global burden of late-life diseases. As the largest risk factor for a multitude of age-related diseases, aging is not only the result of genotype but also closely related to external factors. With the rapid expansion in the usage of electromagnetic fields (EMFs), the effect of EMFs on aging has also attracted attention. Cells are the basic unit of organs and body tissues, and cellular senescence plays an important role in the aging process. The effect of EMFs on cellular senescence has been investigated in a few studies, but the information is limited, and the results are inconsistent; thus, further investigation is required. In this study, we investigated the effect of 10 Hz pulsed magnetic fields (MFs) on cellular senescence in a 2BS cell line, isolated from human fetal lung fibroblasts, and found that intermittent (1 d on/1 d off) exposure to 10 Hz pulsed MFs at 1.0 mT for 2 weeks induced DNA damage, but no other significant phenotype of cellular senescence in 2BS cells.
Electromagnetic Insights Into Path Loss Modelling of IRS-Assisted SISO Links: Method-Of-Moment Based Analysis
Authors: Sarkar Debdeep , Antar Yahia
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we demonstrate the usefulness of MoM (Method-of-Moments) based methods in efficient path-loss modelling for SISO (single-input single-output) communication links assisted by IRS (Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces). Being a full-wave computational electromagnetic tool, MoM is better equipped compared to high-frequency asymptotic methods like PO (Physical Optics), to handle the crucial electromagnetic (EM) effects like: mutual coupling between IRS unit-cells or interactions with spherical wave-front in antenna near-field. Furthermore, in terms of computational speed, accuracy and reproducibility, the MoM-based MATLAB Antenna Toolbox is significantly advantageous to emulate IRS-assisted wireless channels, as compared to the in-house FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) techniques. We consider a SISO system of two half-wavelength dipoles, and use a rectangular array of circular loops loaded with lumped circuit components as IRS. The lumped circuit loading enables us to control the reactance of individual unit-cells, resulting in alteration of IRS reflection coefficient and consequent changes in channel characteristics. Using numerous numerical simulations, we highlight the impacts of various IRS-parameters like: electrical size and number of unit-cells, distance of IRS from the transmitter/receiver as well as mutual coupling, on the path-loss models (both sub-6 GHz and mm-wave).
A DIY Fabrication Approach of Stretchable Sensors Using Carbon Nano Tube Powder for Wearable Device
Authors: Wiranata Ardi , Ohsugi Yunosuke , Minaminosono Ayato , Mao Zebing , Kurata Haruyuki , Hosoya Naoki , Maeda Shingo
Published: November 2021

Soft robotics and wearable devices are promising technologies due to their flexibility. As human-soft robot interaction technologies advance, the interest in stretchable sensor devices has increased. Currently, the main challenge in developing stretchable sensors is preparing high-quality sensors via a simple and cost-effective method. This study introduces the do-it-yourself (DIY)-approach to fabricate a carbon nanotube (CNT) powder-based stretchable sensor. The fabrication strategy utilizes an automatic brushing machine to pattern CNT powder on the elastomer. The elastomer ingredients are optimized to increase the elastomer compatibility with the brushing method. We found that polydimethylsiloxane-polyethyleneimine (PDMS-PEIE) is 50% more stretchable and 63% stickier than previously reported PDMS 30-1. With these improved elastomer characteristics, PDMS-PEIE/multiwalled CNT (PDMS-PEIE/MWCNT-1) strain sensor can realize a gauge factor of 6.2–8.2 and a responsivity up to 25 ms. To enhance the compatibility of the powder-based stretchable sensor for a wearable device, the sensor is laminated using a thin Ecoflex membrane. Additionally, system integration of the stretchable sensors are demonstrated by embedding it into a cotton-glove and a microcontroller to control a virtual hand. This cost-effective DIY-approach are expected to greatly contribute to the development of wearable devices since the technology is simple, economical, and reliable.
Why Are Aquatic Worms Disappearing From Mumbai Bay in India?
Authors: Sahoo Gobardhan
Published: November 2021

Have you ever played in the mud and seen some worms in it? Do you know that there are also worms in the sand or mud of rivers and oceans? Aquatic worms keep rivers and oceans healthy. Like the worms on land, aquatic worms eat the material from dead plants and even other animals. But aquatic worms are also food for other species, like some kinds of fish. As you know, fish are very important: humans and thousands of other animals need to eat fish to survive. However, aquatic worms are disappearing in some regions of the world. I will tell you why this is happening and what I have witnessed in the Mumbai Bay in India.
Tapping Into the Environmental Co-benefits of Improved Tropical Forages for an Agroecological Transformation of Livestock Production Systems
Authors: Notenbaert An M. O. , Douxchamps Sabine , Villegas Daniel M. , Arango Jacobo , Paul Birthe K. , Burkart Stefan , Rao Idupulapati , Kettle Chris J. , Rudel Thomas , Vázquez Eduardo , Teutscherova Nikola , Chirinda Ngonidzashe , Groot Jeroen C. J. , Wironen Michael , Pulleman Mirjam , Louhaichi Mounir , Hassan Sawsan , Oberson Astrid , Nyawira Sylvia S. , Pinares-Patino Cesar S. , Peters Michael
Published: November 2021

Livestock are critical for incomes, livelihoods, nutrition and ecosystems management throughout the global South. Livestock production and the consumption of livestock-based foods such as meat, cheese, and milk is, however, under global scrutiny for its contribution to global warming, deforestation, biodiversity loss, water use, pollution, and land/soil degradation. This paper argues that, although the environmental footprint of livestock production presents a real threat to planetary sustainability, also in the global south, this is highly contextual. Under certain context-specific management regimes livestock can deliver multiple benefits for people and planet. We provide evidence that a move toward sustainable intensification of livestock production is possible and could mitigate negative environmental impacts and even provide critical ecosystem services, such as improved soil health, carbon sequestration, and enhanced biodiversity on farms. The use of cultivated forages, many improved through selection or breeding and including grasses, legumes and trees, in integrated crop-tree-livestock systems is proposed as a stepping stone toward agroecological transformation. We introduce cultivated forages, explain their multi-functionality and provide an overview of where and to what extent the forages have been applied and how this has benefited people and the planet alike. We then examine their potential to contribute to the 13 principles of agroecology and find that integrating cultivated forages in mixed crop-tree-livestock systems follows a wide range of agroecological principles and increases the sustainability of livestock production across the globe. More research is, however, needed at the food system scale to fully understand the role of forages in the sociological and process aspects of agroecology. We make the case for further genetic improvement of cultivated forages and strong multi-disciplinary systems research to strengthen our understanding of the multidimensional impacts of forages and for managing agro-environmental trade-offs. We finish with a call for action, for the agroecological and livestock research and development communities to improve communication and join hands for a sustainable agri-food system transformation.
Comparative Effects of L. plantarum CGMCC 1258 and L. reuteri LR1 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Function, and Intestinal Immunity in Weaned Pigs
Authors: Tang Qingsong , Yi Hongbo , Hong Weibin , Wu Qiwen , Yang Xuefen , Hu Shenglan , Xiong Yunxia , Wang Li , Jiang Zongyong
Published: November 2021

Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 1258 and Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 are two important strains of probiotics. However, their different advantages in the probiotic effect of weaned pigs are still poorly understood. Therefore, the study was to investigate the comparative effects of dietary supplementation of L. plantarum CGMCC 1258 and L. reuteri LR1 on growth performance, antioxidant function, and intestinal immunity in weaned pigs. Ninety barrows [initial body weight (BW) = 6.10 ± 0.1 kg] 21 days old were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 5 replicates, each replicate containing 6 pigs. Pigs in control (CON) were fed a basal diet, and the basal diets supplemented with 5 × 1010 CFU/kg L. plantarum CGMCC 1258 (LP) or L. reuteri LR1 (LR) for 42 days, respectively. The results showed that LP increased (p < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased (p < 0.05) serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and the expression and secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in intestinal mucosa, but has no significant effect on growth performance and diarrheal incidence. However, LR increased (p < 0.05) final BW and average daily gain (ADG), reduced (p < 0.05) 29–42-day diarrheal incidence, decreased (p < 0.05) the expression and secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and increased (p < 0.05) the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in intestinal mucosa. In addition, the serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), mRNA relative expression of Na+-K+-2Cl– co-transporter 1 (NKCC1) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and the content of toll-like relative (TLR2) and TLR4 in the jejunum, and secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA) content of ileal mucosa were higher (p < 0.05) than LP. Collectively, dietary L. plantarum CGMCC 1258 improved intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, intestinal immunity, and antioxidant function in weaned pigs. Dietary L. reuteri LR1 showed better growth performance, a lower incidence of diarrhea, better intestinal morphology, and a higher extent of immune activation in weaned pigs.
Inequitable Flow of Animals in and Out of Shelters: Comparison of Community-Level Vulnerability for Owner-Surrendered and Subsequently Adopted Animals
Authors: Ly Lexis H. , Gordon Emilia , Protopopova Alexandra
Published: November 2021

There is increasing awareness among animal shelter professionals regarding the role of shelters in perpetuating inequities in pet ownership, although the relationship between owner vulnerabilities and animal shelter services is largely understudied. Currently, there is no literature comparing the sociodemographic conditions of communities where surrendered animals originate and communities where they are adopted. The present study compared the “flow” of surrendered animals between originating communities (incoming) and communities where they were adopted (outgoing;n= 21,270). To analyze community-level vulnerability, we used the Canadian Index of Multiple Deprivation (CIMD), which has four dimensions of social vulnerability. We found that three of the four CIMD dimensions were significantly different between surrendering and adopting communities (Ethnocultural Composition, Situational Vulnerability (SV), Economic Dependency, but not Residential Instability). For further investigation, we also grouped our analysis by intake groups (small animaln= 2,682; puppyn= 973; dogn= 3,446; kittenn= 6,436; catn= 7,733) and found multiple relationships for which the incoming and outgoing CIMD quintiles were different. For example, for both puppies and kittens, the median outgoing SV quintile ranks were statistically significantly lower (less vulnerable) than incoming quintile ranks, with the effect size being moderate (puppyr= 0.31, kittenr= 0.30;p≤ 0.0025), supporting the concern of the flow of certain animals from more vulnerable to less vulnerable communities. The results of this research provide a basis for understanding potential inequities in the use of shelter services to surrender or adopt an animal. Furthermore, these methods allow animal shelters to assess community needs and create interventions to reduce intake and increase adoption of animals. Finally, these data provide further support that animal sheltering is best considered from a One Welfare perspective.
Control in the work of the head of nursing service
Authors: Tyutereva Nina Alekseevna , Bessonova Tatyana Vladimirovna
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study is to improve the quality of medical care in the maternity hospital SBHI SR «City Hospital No. 2 named after V. V. Banykin» by organizing by the heads of nursing services a more effective system of monitoring the executive discipline of nursing personnel. Results. All heads of nursing services of a medical organization are interested in organizing a more effective control system, which is inextricably linked with a higher level of quality of medical care, which, in turn, leads to a more efficient and successful functioning of a medical organization. Conclusion. The study showed that in order to improve the quality of medical care, it is necessary to organize a more effective system for monitoring the executive discipline of nursing personnel, taking into account the elimination of the identified errors.
Rheumatoid arthritis in the practice of a nurse of therapeutic profile
Authors: Akhverdyan Yuri Rubenovich , Zavodovsky Boris Valerievich , Polyakova Yulia Vasilievna , Sivordova Larisa Evgenievna , Papichev Evgeniy Vasilievich
Published: November 2021

The article discusses various aspects of rheumatic diseases that are most common in therapeutic practice. The most detailed information is provided on rheumatoid arthritis (etiology, pathogenesis), clinical symptoms and the basics of laboratory diagnostics are described in detail. The key issues of the significance of osteoporosis as one of the most serious complications of rheumatoid arthritis are discussed separately.
Cost accounting as a tool for managing profitability in healthcare organizations
Authors: Korchagina L.M.
Published: November 2021

Cost accounting is an effective management tool that allows a company to measure profitability by collecting key information by recording and tracking the data necessary for the most efficient and profitable operation of the company. Managing costs to maintain profitability is a top priority in all industries, which means relying on data to make smart and informed decisions. Cost data is the basis for strategic decisions. Having the right information available is key for every decision-maker. The article examines the issues of cost accounting, as well as problems related to profitability management in healthcare organizations. The author considers the most common problems that make it difficult to effectively account for costs and analyze the directions of patient care in medical organizations.
Fundamental approaches to the preparation of a risk-based internal audit work plan
Authors: Kalamanova E.N. , Prodanova N.A.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the fundamental approaches to planning the work of internal audit based on a risk-based approach, taking into account the requirements of international auditing standards, the updated concept of three lines of defense, recommendations for the organization of risk management and internal control. The problems of the article are relevant in the conditions of rapid changes in the business environment, the emergence of new risks, the increasing complexity of business processes of organizations and the regulatory framework, the development of corporate governance practices, leading to the need for rapid adaptation of the internal audit function to the changes taking place. The material of the article is presented taking into account the current regulatory framework, international standards of auditing, International foundations of professional practice of internal audit.
To ensure the safety of the property of a medical institution in the conditions of digital transformation: a note to the accountant
Authors: Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I.
Published: November 2021

The digital transformation of the activity of a medical institution, the development of telemedicine technologies, the rise in the cost of property IT facilities assigned to a medical institution increase the requirements for ensuring the safety of this property. The mechanism of the organization of financial responsibility, including the contractual procedure for imposing full financial responsibility, restrictions on the categories of employees with whom these contracts can be concluded, and other cases of full financial responsibility are considered. The analysis of the employer’s obligation to provide conditions for financially responsible employees and the employer’s responsibility in case of improper provision of such conditions is carried out. The article considers the procedure for transferring material values when dismissing employees who are fully financially responsible.
Incidencia de actividades de rebote en la motivación y desempeño facilitado por Liveworksheets
Authors: Vega Tomalá Ruth Alexandra , Sigüencia Carrión Johnny Hiller
Published: November 2021

Las TIC cumplen un rol fundamental en la generación de contenidos digitales. El objetivo del presente trabajo estuvo orientado a motivar y reforzar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes a través de Liveworksheets. El estudio abordó una muestra de 20 estudiantes de primer ciclo de un Instituto Superior en la ciudad de Guayaquil. Se aplicaron encuestas, test de inicio y final. Algunos estudios relacionados con  el  uso  de la tecnología en ambientes  virtuales se han revisado, pero ninguno ha abordado el uso de Liveworksheets en actividades de rebote. La investigación fue apoyada  por  un  análisis  de datos cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los hallazgos indicaron el grado de incidencia de actividades de rebote en la motivación de los estudiantes y en su desempeño en un gran alcance. Se evidenciaron las perspectivas positivas de los estudiantes en su progreso. La investigación contribuye al campo de la enseñanza de Informática como un mecanismo formativo
Autismo no Brasil: uma revisão sobre estudos em neurogenética
Authors: Oliveira Evangelho Victor Gustavo , Da Mota Ramalho Costa Fabrício , Castro Helena Carla , Lamim Bello Murilo , Rodrigues Amorim Marcia
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Identificar artigos, dissertações e teses brasileiras relacionadas a neurogenética do autismo, entre os anos de 2017 e 2020. Método. A triagem dos trabalhos publicados nas grandes áreas das ciências biológicas e ciências da saúde foi realizada por meio das bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO e plataforma CAPES. Resultados. Identificaram-se 225 trabalhos, divididos em 123 artigos científicos, indexados nas bases de dados e 102 trabalhos de pós-graduação. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão resultaram em 14 pesquisas acerca dos fatores genéticos e neurobiológicos na população brasileira. Conclusões. O crescimento exponencial de casos de autismo corrobora a relevância das pesquisas voltadas para a identificação e compreensão dos fatores moleculares no autismo. Devido à complexidade da etiologia, é fundamental a realização de mais estudos em neurogenética na população brasileira, capazes de auxiliar no desenvolvimento de testes moleculares mais efetivos no diagnóstico e tratamento deste transtorno.
Quantitative Lung Ultrasonography for the Nephrologist: Applications in Dialysis and Heart Failure
Authors: Reisinger Nathaniel , Koratala Abhilash
Published: November 2021

Volume overload, and its attendant increase in acute care utilization and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, represents a critical challenge for the practicing nephrologist. This is particularly true among patients with ESKD on HD, where predialysis volume overload and intradialytic and postdialytic hypovolemia account for almost a third of all cost for the Medicare dialysis benefit. Quantitative lung ultrasound is a tool for assessing the extent of extravascular lung water that outperforms physical exam and plain chest radiography. B-lines are vertical hyperechoic artifacts present in patients with increased extravascular lung water. B-lines have been shown to decrease dynamically during the hemodialysis treatment in proportion to ultrafiltration volume. Among patients with chronic heart failure, titration of diuretics on the basis of the extent of pulmonary congestion noted on lung ultrasonography has been shown to decrease recurrent acute care utilization. Early data from randomized controlled trials of lung ultrasound–guided ultrafiltration therapy among patients with ESKD on HD have shown promise for potential reduction in recurrent episodes of decompensated heart failure and cardiovascular events. Ultimately, lung ultrasound may predict those who are ultrafiltration tolerant and could be used to decrease acute care utilization and, thus, cost in this population.
Named Entity Recognition in Turkish Bank Documents
Authors: KABASAKAL Osman , MUTLU Alev
Published: November 2021

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is the process of automatically recognizing entity names such as person, organization, and date in a document. In this study, we focus on bank documents written in Turkish and propose a Conditional Random Fields (CRF) model to extract named entities. The main contribution of this study is twofold: (i) we propose domain-specific features to extract entity names such as law, regulation, and reference which frequently appear in bank documents; and (ii) we contribute to NER research in Turkish document which is not as mature as other languages such as English and German. Experimental results based on 10-fold cross validation conducted on 551 real-life, anonymized bank documents show the proposed CRF-NER model achieves 0.962 micro average F1 score. More specifically, F1 score for the identification of law names is 0.979, regulation name is 0.850, and article no is 0.850.
Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Udang Indonesia ke Delapan Negara Tujuan Terbesar Tahun 2000–2019
Authors: Kusuma Fath Esa Prasanti , Sari Liza Kurnia
Published: November 2021

Menurut data UN Comtrade pada tahun 2019 delapan negara tujuan ekspor udang terbesar mampu menyerap lebih dari 90 persen ekspor udang Indonesia. Namun, kontribusi ekspor udang Indonesia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan udang impor negara importir masih sangat rendah. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui daya saing serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ekspor udang Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dengan observasi 8 negara selama periode 2000–2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah RCA dan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan gravity model. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah volume ekspor udang, harga riil ekspor udang, REER, populasi negara tujuan, PDB ADHK negara tujuan, dan jarak ekonomi. Diperoleh hasil bahwa daya saing udang Indonesia di berada di atas rata-rata dunia kecuali di Thailand. Selain itu diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel jarak ekonomi, REER, dan harga riil ekspor udang berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ekspor udang Indonesia ke delapan negara terbesar.
Perbandingan Metode Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan Artificial Neural Network (ANN) pada Klasifikasi Gizi Balita
Authors: Hananti Harifa , Sari Kartika
Published: November 2021

Kasus kekurangan gizi atau gizi buruk pada balita menyebar hampir di seluruh provinsi yang ada di Indonesia. Provinsi Sulawesi Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi yang memiliki nilai persentase kekurangan gizi pada balita, sehingga dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi gizi balita sangat penting untuk dilakukan dalam pengklasifikasian. Data yang digunakan adalah data dari Puskesmas Salissingan pada Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengklasifikasian dan mendapatkan metode terbaik pada gizi balita (gizi baik & gizi kurang) di Puskesmas Salissingan Sulawesi Barat dengan metode support vector machine (SVM) dan artificial neural network (ANN). Metode klasifikasi yang terbaik dalam melihat ukuran ketepatan klasifikasi adalah metode SVM dan ANN. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh ukuran ketepatan klasifikasi pada metode ANN (accuracy=94,82%, precision=51.00%, recall=51.09%, dan AUC=0.910), sedangkan pada metode SVM (accuracy=94,46%, precision=46.08%, recall=50.59%, dan AUC=0.900) dan dari hasil ukuran tersebut diperoleh bahwa metode yang terbaik dalam pengklasifikasian gizi balita di Puskesmas Salissingan Sulawesi Barat adalah ANN.
Pendekatan Model Machine Learning dalam Pemeringkatan Status Sosial Ekonomi Rumah Tangga di Indonesia
Authors: Taufiq Nuri , Mariyah Siti
Published: November 2021

Metode yang digunakan untuk pemeringkatan status sosial ekonomi rumah tangga Basis Data Terpadu adalah dengan memprediksi nilai pengeluaran rumah tangga dengan metode Proxy Mean Testing (PMT). Secara umum metode ini merupakan model prediksi dengan menggunakan teknik regresi. Pilihan model statistik yang digunakan adalah forward-stepwise. Dalam praktiknya diasumsikan bahwa variabel prediktor yang digunakan dalam PMT memiliki korelasi linier dengan variabel pengeluaran. Penelitian ini mencoba menerapkan pendekatan machine learning sebagai alternatif metode prediksi selain model forward-stepwise. Model dibangun menggunakan beberapa algoritma machine learning seperti Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, dan Bagging. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa model machine learning menghasilkan nilai rata-rata inclusion error (IE) lebih rendah dibandingkan nilai rata-rata exclusion error (EE). Model machine learning bekerja efektif dalam mengurangi IE namun belum cukup sensitif dalam mengurangi EE. Nilai rata-rata IE model machine learning sebesar 0,21 sedangkan nilai rata-rata IE model PMT sebesar 0,29.
Penerapan Bayesian Network dalam Memodelkan Kondisi Ekonomi Hijau Indonesia di Era Pandemi Berdasarkan Big Data
Authors: Putri Salwa Rizqina , Suganda Thosan Girisona , Pramana Setia
Published: November 2021

Untuk mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi hijau Indonesia, diperlukan analisis lebih lanjut terkait aktivitas ekonomi di masa pandemi dan keterkaitannya dengan kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan pendekatan Bayesian Network dalam memodelkan kondisi ekonomi hijau Indonesia di masa pandemi berdasarkan variabel-variabel yang disinyalir dapat berpengaruh seperti aktivitas ekonomi, kualitas udara, tingkat mobilitas penduduk, dan kasus positif COVID-19 yang diperoleh melalui big data. Model Bayesian Network yang dikonstruksi secara manual dengan algoritma Maximum Spanning Tree dipilih sebagai model terbaik dengan rata-rata akurasi 5-cross validation dalam memprediksi empat kelas PDRB sebesar 0,83. Model terbaik yang dipilih menunjukkan bahwa kondisi ekonomi Indonesia di era pandemi secara langsung dipengaruhi oleh intensitas cahaya malam (NTL) yang menunjukkan aktivitas ekonomi, kualitas udara (AQI), dan kasus positif COVID-19. Analisis parameter learning menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi provinsi-provinsi Indonesia masih cenderung belum sejalan dengan terpeliharanya kualitas udara sehingga usaha untuk mencapai kondisi ekonomi hijau masih harus ditingkatkan.
Kajian Pemanfaatan Data Google Maps untuk Pemenuhan Variabel Jumlah dan Jarak Infrastruktur PODES
Authors: Setyo Masyitah Ayuning , Marsisno Waris
Published: November 2021

Statistik Potensi Desa (PODES) merupakan produk Official Statistics yang pada umumnya dihasilkan dari kegiatan pemutakhiran menjelang dilaksanakannya suatu Sensus oleh Badan Pusat Statistik. Variabel yang relatif banyak ditanyakan pada kuesioner PODES adalah jumlah dan jarak infrastruktur yang terdapat di suatu desa. Variabel-variabel ini digunakan untuk penyusunan berbagai indeks, sehingga di-update setiap tahunnya di luar tahun pendataan PODES. Di sisi lain, ketersediaan Big Data memiliki potensi untuk memudahkan pemutakhiran data PODES. Salah satu sumber dari Big Data yang memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan dalam pemutakhiran PODES adalah Google Maps. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pola dan keakuratan data yang dihasilkan oleh Google Maps. Pengumpulan data infrastruktur dilakukan dengan pembangunan web-scraper dengan Bahasa Python untuk studi kasus pada wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa proses pengumpulan dan pre-processing data membutuhkan waktu dan proses yang lama dan secara umum memiliki tingkat akurasi data yang masih rendah untuk mengestimasi jumlah infrastruktur per desa. Sedangkan untuk akurasi dari titik koordinat Google Maps sudah relatif baik, namun variabel jarak yang diinformasikan oleh Google Maps masih memerlukan penelitian lanjutan ke lapangan. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa data Google Maps belum dapat mengidentifikasi secara langsung infrastruktur puskesmas dan pasar sesuai kebutuhan dalam PODES. Berdasarkan temuan dari penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa Google Maps belum dapat dimanfatkaan untuk pemenuhan variabel jumlah dan jarak infrastruktur pada PODES.
Pengaruh Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2011-2019
Authors: Pohan Alwi Adha , Yuliana Lia
Published: November 2021

Keberhasilan pelaksanaan desentralisasi fiskal akan menunjukkan tercapainya kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Akan tetapi yang terjadi pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara, terdapat indikasi bahwa kesejahteraan masyarakat belum tercapai. Hal ini terlihat dari pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota menunjukkan peningkatan yang melambat dan tidak merata. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2011-2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan model fixed effects metode Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio PAD dan rasio DAK memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2011-2019. Untuk rasio DBH dan rasio DAU tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR) Modeling to Analyze Factors Affecting the Number of New HIV/AIDS Cases on The Island of Java in 2019
Authors: Miju Rifal , Prasetyo Achmad
Published: November 2021

One of the problems in the health sector is the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The country of Indonesia itself is in the 5th most at risk of HIV/AIDS in the Asian continent (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2013). The island of Java as the area with the highest number of cases with a population of about 56 percent of the total population of Indonesia. The purposes of this study are to find out the general description of the distribution of HIV/AIDS in Java and to identify the influencing factors by considering the effect of regional proximity. The results of the analysis show that the distribution of the number of HIV/AIDS cases is relatively clustered between regions that have high and low number of cases, this indicates a spatial effect between regions. Then the GWNBR shows that there are differences in the significance of the variables in each region and forms 9 groups of regency/municipality based on the significant variables.
Penerapan Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) Terhadap Data Tidak Seimbang Pada Tingkat Pendapatan Pekerja Informal Di Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta Tahun 2019
Authors: Sofyan Sabiq , Prasetyo Achmad
Published: November 2021

Ketenagakerjaan merupakan salah satu permasalahan setiap negara berkembang termasuk di Indonesia. Penciptaan lapangan kerja menjadi isu yang sangat penting terhadap pembangunan ekonomi. Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan provinsi yang cukup sukses untuk mengatasi masalah ketenagakerjaan dengan TPAK tertinggi ketiga setelah Bali dan Papua tahun 2018 dengan persentase TPAK yang cenderung stabil sejak 2015. Namun, ternyata persentase penduduk miskin yang bekerja di sektor informal di Yogyakarta sangat besar mencapai 44.97%, hampir mencapai setengah dari seluruhnya. Tingkat pendapatan pekerja di sektor informal jauh lebih rendah daripada pekerja di sektor formal. Data tingkat pendapatan pekerja infomal teridentifikasi sebagai data tidak seimbang karena perbandingan antara pekerja dengan pendapatan rendah dan tinggi sangatlah timpang. Oleh karena itu digunakan metode SMOTE untuk mengatasi masalah data tidak seimbang tersebut. Metode klasifikasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi logistik biner. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat pendapatan pekerja informal dan membandingkan model sebelum dan sesudah SMOTE untuk mendapatkan model klasifikasi terbaik. Hasil dari evaluasi model menunjukkan bahwa model setelah SMOTE lebih baik dalam mengklasifikasi tingkat pendapatan pekerja informal. Selanjutnya variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat pemdapatan pekerja informal adalah wilayah tempat tinggal, jenis kelamin,status perkawinan, pelatihan kerja,tingkat pendidikan, lapangan usaha, umur, dan jam kerja.
Pemodelan Kemiskinan di Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Regresi Nonparametrik Kernel dan Splines
Authors: Zebua Hasrat Ifolala
Published: November 2021

Penanggulangan kemiskinan merupakan tujuan utama dari Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Masyarakat miskin disebabkan oleh rendahnya modal manusia. Salah satu indikator yang dapat mengukur modal manusia adalah Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM). Sumatera Utara masih menemati posisi ke-lima dengan tingkat kemiskinan tertinggi di Pulau Sumatera, padahal memiliki jumlah penduduk terbanyak di Pulau Sumatera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemodelan kemiskinan dengan faktor yang mempengaruhinya yaitu IPM di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan regresi nonparametrik dan regresi kuantil karena sifatnya yang fleksibel dan dapat memodelkan data dengan level yang berbeda. Regresi nonparametrik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dalah regresi kernel dan smoothing splines. Hasil pemodelan regresi nonparametrik kernel diperoleh bandwith optimal dari fungsi kernel gaussian dengan NWE adalah 2,13512 dengan GCV 11,78793, pemodelan dengan smoothing splines diperoleh nilai parameter pemulus optimal yaitu 0,00544 dengan GCV 47,29301, dan pemodelan dengan regresi kuantil smoothing splines diperoleh nilai parameter pemulus optimal yaitu 0,11 dengan GCV 3,81497. Hasil perbandingan model diperoleh bahwa metode regresi kuantil smoothing splines merupakan metode terbaik karena memiliki kurva regresi yang lebih mengikuti sebaran hubungan data dan nilai GCV dan RMSE yang lebih rendah.
Analisis Prioritas Pembangunan Subsektor Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Petani Tanaman Pangan Di Tahun 2020 Sebagai Upaya Pemulihan Ekonomi Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Solana Aryadi
Published: November 2021

Selama pandemi Covid-19, pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia mengalami kontraksi sebesar 2,07 persen di tahun 2020. Meskipun demikian, subsektor pertanian tanaman pangan tetap mampu tumbuh sebesar 3,54 persen. Akan tetapi, indikator Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) tanaman pangan mengalami penurunan terbesar di tahun 2020 dibanding subsektor pertanian lainnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis prioritas pembangunan subsektor pertanian tanaman pangan di Indonesia pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang menggunakan kriteria penilaian dari analisis Location Quotient dan analisis Shift Share serta mengidentifikasi karakteristik tiap kelompok prioritas berdasarkan indikator pertumbuhan ekonomi, kontribusi subsektor pertanian tanaman pangan, dan indikator kesejahteraan petani. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karkateristik kelompok Prioritas 1 memiliki potensi terbesar untuk menjadikan subsektor ini sebagai inisiator pemulihan ekonomi, yang kemudian dilanjutkan oleh kelompok Prioritas 2 hingga kelompok Alternatif. Akan tetapi, kelompok Prioritas 1 juga memiliki tantangan terbesar ditinjau dari karakteristik indikator kesejahteraan petani yang memiliki kinerja paling buruk akibat penurunan penerimaan petani tanaman pangan. Dengan demikian, untuk mengoptimalkan subsektor pertanian tanaman pangan sebagai inisiator pemulihan ekonomi, kebijakan pemerintah seharusnya tidak hanya berorientasi terhadap pengurangan biaya produksi petani, tetapi juga perlu mengutamakan kebijakan yang mendorong penyerapan produk-produk pertanian tanaman pangan untuk meningkatkan daya tawar produk yang dihasilkan petani tanaman pangan.
Analisis Klaster K-Means Terhadap Kualitas Air Sungai di Kota Surakarta, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Handayani Yuli , Syafrudin Syafrudin , Suherman Suherman
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menafsirkan kumpulan data kualitas air pada Sungai Pepe, Sungai Anyar, Sungai Jenes, Sungai Kedung Jumbleng, Sungai Gajah Putih, Sungai Brojo, dan Sungai Premulung di Kota Surakarta, Jawa Tengah. Data diperoleh dari hasil pemantauan kualitas air yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Surakarta di 13 titik lokasi pengambilan sampel pada tahun 2020. Terdapat 12 parameter yang digunakan yaitu TSS, TDS, pH, BOD, COD, DO, P, NO3-N, NH3, NO2-N, Total Coliform, dan Fecal Coliform. Dengan algoritma k-means diperoleh dua klaster dengan parameter pembeda yaitu Total Coliform dan Fecal Coliform. Dengan kandungan 3.790.050 MPN/100ml Total Coliform dan 604.400 MPN/100ml Fecal Coliform, Sungai Jenes Hilir mempunyai kualitas air yang lebih buruk dibandingkan sungai lainnya dalam hal kandungan pencemar Total Coliform dan Fecal Coliform.
Kajian Karakteristik Volume Konsumsi Gas Bumi Pelanggan Rumah Tangga Jaringan Gas Kota Kabupaten Bekasi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Zaky Abdul Rohman , Arwin M. Ayub
Published: November 2021

Kajian ini memberikan gambaran umum volume konsumsi gas bumi pelanggan Rumah Tangga (RT) Kabupaten Bekasi meliputi tren, karakteristik, dan klasifikasi volume konsumsi gas bumi pelanggan RT secara temporal yang berguna sebagai salah satu parameter pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan jaringan Gas Kota Kabupaten Bekasi. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan metode statistik deskriptif dimana data yang digunakan meliputi volume konsumsi gas bumi bulanan pelanggan RT Kabupaten Bekasi periode 2017-2020. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa sepanjang periode kajian, volume konsumsi minimum gas bumi pelanggan RT sebesar 0 m3/bulan, volume konsumsi maksimum berkisar 48-50 m3/bulan, dan volume konsumsi rata-rata berkisar 7-13 m3/bulan. Karakteristik volume konsumsi gas bumi pelanggan RT diketahui 33,53% merupakan pelanggan RT dengan volume konsumsi gas bumi minimum per bulan (0-4 m3/bulan), sedangkan 66,47% lainnya merupakan pelanggan RT dengan volume konsumsi gas bumi di atasnya (5-50 m3/bulan). Klasifikasi volume konsumsi gas bumi bulanan pelanggan RT menggunakan rumus equal interval didapatkan 3 kategori volume yaitu volume rendah (20.686-26.110 m3/bulan), volume sedang (26.111-31.535 m3/bulan), dan volume tinggi (31.536-36.960 m3/bulan).
Nowcasting Jumlah Penumpang Kereta Api di Indonesia Menggunakan Indeks Google Trends
Authors: Oktama Parma Dwi Widy
Published: November 2021

Jumlah penumpang kereta api merupakan salah satu indikator strategis di sektor transportasi. Rilis data yang dilakukan BPS dengan jeda waktu tiga puluh hari sejak berakhirnya bulan amatan, menjadikan kondisi indikator ini tidak diketahui secara real time. Dengan trend penggunaan mesin pencari di internet yang semakin masif dewasa ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kemungkinan pemanfaatan Indeks Google Trends (GT) untuk melakukan nowcasting sehingga didapatkan kondisi indikator lebih awal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks GT dan official statistics yang dirilis BPS memiliki korelasi kuat dan kesamaan pola pergerakan dari waktu ke waktu. Penerapan Indeks GT ke dalam pemodelan runtun waktu menggunakan time series regression dan SARIMAX mampu mendekati nilai aktual variabel respon dengan cukup baik. Selain itu terbukti bahwa pemanfaatan indeks GT dapat meningkatkan akurasi peramalan model. Dengan time series regression, hasil nowcasting jumlah penumpang kereta api di Indonesia pada bulan Agustus 2021 adalah sebesar 9,03 juta orang.
Analisis Kondisi Pemberdayaan Gender di Indonesia Tahun 2020 dengan Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering dan Biplot
Authors: Salsabila Dina , Hendrawan Muhammad Yunus
Published: November 2021

Pemberdayaan gender menjadi salah satu agenda penting dalam tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan, baik dalam level nasional maupun internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi pemberdayaan gender di Indonesia tahun 2020. Data yang digunakan adalah Indeks Pemberdayaan Gender (IDG) dan data tiga komponen pembentuk IDG yang bersumber dari BPS. Penelitian ini melakukan clustering IDG di Indonesia dengan metode agglomerative hierarchical clustering dan biplot. Dari hasil clustering IDG didapatkan tiga klaster IDG tahun 2020 berdasarkan kesamaan karakteristik komponen pembentuk IDG. Klaster pertama terdiri dari 3 provinsi yang memiliki nilai komponen IDG lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok lain, terutama dari sisi komponen keterwakilan perempuan dalam parlemen. Klaster kedua terdiri dari 5 provinsi yang memiliki nilai tinggi pada komponen keterwakilan perempuan dalam parlemen. Adapun klaster ketiga terdiri dari 26 provinsi yang memiliki nilai sedang pada ketiga komponen IDG. Hasil clustering ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi pemerintah dalam menentukan kebijakan terkait pemberdayaan gender diIndonesia.
Mengembangkan Diseminasi Official Statistics: Peluang dan Tantangan dalam Inovasi Layanan Statistik
Authors: Ambarsari Tiyas , Rachmaningsih Triana , Suryono Hady
Published: November 2021

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) berfungsi sebagai sumber utama data statistik resmi (official statistics) dan memiliki tanggung jawab untuk mendiseminasikan data untuk penggunaan umum. Untuk mencapai misi ini, banyak inisiatif dilakukan untuk membuat inovasi yang membuat data lebih mudah ditemukan, digunakan, dan diakses secara efektif dan efisien. Survei Kebutuhan Data (SKD) merupakan salah satu inisiatif yang dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan data statistik dan tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap data dan pelayanan BPS. Dalam makalah ini, kami akan menjelaskan pendekatan metode diseminasi melalui website dan portal data sebagai inovasi layanan statistik untuk mengembangkan diseminasi official statistics berdasarkan metode IPA (Importance and Performance Analysis) dan analisis kesenjangan (gap analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gap analysis terhadap atribut pelayanan statistik adalah -0,02 sampai -0,31 dan analisis IPA menunjukkan adanya peluang pengembangan inovasi pada layanan website yang ada pada Kuadran A yang menjadi prioritas utama perbaikan.

Kata kunci: official statistics, diseminasi, gap analysis, importance and performance analysis