bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVOLUTION OF THE OBLIQUE MOOD IN THE DUTCH LANGUAGE
Authors: Bondarenko Valeria , Botsman Andrew
Published: June 2020

The article is connected with evolution investigation of the grammatical category which is recognized as the Oblique Mood in the Dutch language. The evolution of that grammatical phenomenon is reconstructed involving authentic texts of different periods, starting with very restricted material of early middle Dutch period and finishing with numerous and different texts of modern Dutch period. The transformation of morphological structure of the Dutch Oblique Mood moves into the direction of growing analytical structures with the parallel degradation of synthetical forms with traditional flexion markers. Taking into consideration the fact that the Oblique Mood is very well reflected on the syntactical (sentence) level, the attention is focused not only on the simple sentences but on the developed system of subordinate clauses. All the steps of transformation are reflected in the stages of diachronical analysis too. For the better definite differentiation of the Oblique Mood Construction and finding differences in the constructions, all the variants of the Oblique Mood are compared with the variants of the Indicative Mood. It helps to provide the comparison in the dichotomy of the Indicative – Oblique Moods. The special attention is given to the description of periphrastic constructions which were formed combining preterite-present verbs with infinitives I, II and further grammaticalisation of two-component verb combination. The ruining of the synthetical paradigm was caused by the reduction of corresponding suffix reflection. There was the attempt to restore the synthetical forms in translation of the Bible from Latin and Greek into Dutch, it was the marker of the literature language but not the colloquial one. The influence of the French and German languages was definite but sporadical. The analytical forms were created in the conditional clauses and were recognized as the Conditional Mood I, II. This type of mood had some meaning of supposition forming the corresponding subgroup of the Suppositional Mood. If the preterite-present verb zullen was a productive form but willen was not involved into the Oblique Mood analytical form creation, remaining outside of that grammatical category. There is some resemblance between the Dutch and English Oblique Mood, in particular the structure of analytical forms.
SYNAESTHETIC PECULIARITIES OF LATIN ADJECTIVES DENOTING TOUCH PERCEPTION (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE TEXTS OF VERGIL, HORACE, OVID)
Authors: Antonyuk-Kyrychenko Solomiya
Published: June 2020

The empirical Latin adjectives, including tactile ones, have the capacity for synesthesia. Synesthetic nature have tactile nominations, which, in addition to tactile sensation, in a certain context, get an additional, peculiar to this sphere sensation. Tactile adjectives in the very semantics of which is a syncretic combination of several sensory characteristics are also considered synesthetic. The basis of the transition of tactile adjectives is the phenomenon of synesthesia, both in the narrow and a broad sense: there were recorded cases of transition of tactile lexemes due to the phenomenon of synesthesia to other areas of the sensory sphere, in particular, to the auditory, visual, gustatory, and non-sensory vocabulary (mental sphere), serving to denote the character traits of people and rarely of animals, as well for the depiction of the feelings, especially love.

Synesthetic transpositions of the meanings of adjectives are not unidirectional, but they are accomplished in one direction more often than in another. Latin sensory adjectives are characterized by unilateral synesthetic transitions from lexical and semantic field of touch to other spheres. The unidirectionality of the synesthetic connections of tactile adjectives is related to the nature of the visual, auditory, gustatory and olfactory sensations. Unlike tactile and gustatory sensations which belong to less organized, lower cognition levels, they do not require direct contact with the subject.

The use of tactile adjectives to signify the sensations of other fields is caused by a certain deficiency of expressive means in a particular field; the need for synaesthetic transfer of meanings emerges for the liquidation of this deficiency.

Synesthetic transpositions of the meanings of the adjectives denoting touch perception arose not only as a consequence of the economy of lingual means, but also in order to enrich the structural and semantic resources of the language and were a powerful tool for increasing of the functional flexibility of the Latin vocabulary.
LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF «UNNATURAL» NARRATOLOGY: THE IMAGE OF A NON-EXISTENT TEXT AUTHOR
Authors: Batsevych Florij
Published: June 2020

The article tries to implement the methods of the so-called «unnatural» narratology to analyse the texts of the collection of short stories «Absolute Emptiness» («Doskonała prόżnia»), which is a set of reviews on non-existent texts. In story-telling structures of this kind, an author usually forms and a reader usually cognitively processes: (a) new types of these structures (schemes), which are not generated in non-estranged texts; (b) new narrative strategies, in particular, the reference part of the textual story may contain actors impossible to be met in «usual» texts; (c) narrative approaches to the formation and evaluation of story-telling structures where there are objects, persons, etc. absent in the real life; (d) means of «restoring» the images of the non-existent authors in the «body» of other texts (in particular, paratexts similar to reviews). The article proves that literary narratives that reflect the non-existent texts demand additional cognitive efforts from an addressee to perceive the communicative senses generated in them. The most important source of such senses creation is a specific logic of the world perception and its reflection, which is non-characteristic to the «classical» speech genre of a review. In view of linguistic pragmatics, these texts actualize special points of view, empathy, and means of their focus. The author’s standpoint about the non-existent text and its reconstruction in paratexts form a shifted focus of empathy, and, what is more, generate non-usual communicative senses, the perception of which demands additional cognitive and psychological efforts from the addressee (a reader, a listener).
THE CONCEPT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PLATFORM LEGAL MODELS
Authors: Kashkin S. Yu. , Altoukhov A. V.
Published: June 2020

Modern technologies and new management concepts — industrial and product platforms — create breakthrough innovative products and services based on the integrated integration of Artifi cial Intelligence, Big Data and the Internet of Things. The cost of communications has plummeted over the past decade, making network and system integration less expensive. Platforms are the physical embodiment of networking. They take traditional production to digital footing, lowering production costs and turning products into services that provide greater profi t. Platform law could become a mechanism for the network interaction of Artifi cial Intelligence, Big Data and the Internet of Things. It should be like integration law, but permeated, in accordance with its updated nature, scientifi c, technological and information-digital algorithms of legal relations and interactions. To meet the requirements of the time, legal institutions must change — the dominance of platform business models creates new legal relations and the need to seek new content and new legal forms of institutional regulation of changing social relations. The legal fi eld of platform business models is in a constant search for a balance between innovations (technologies + economics) and their legal regulation.
DIGITAL REGULATION: DIGITALIZATION OR HUMANIZATION?
Authors: Stepanian A. G.
Published: June 2020

Aspects of the application of digital technologies are examined, in particular, their impact on human rights. The current content of digital technology law is analyzed in terms of the real possibility of realizing the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, including in complex information systems. The conclusion is drawn on the need to analyze the application of technology with a view to achieving a balance of possible benefi ts for society and potential violations of human rights, as well as taking measures to regulate such use, in particular, documentation. Thus, it is possible to leave the possibility of real realization of human rights.
STATUS OF EUROPEAN COMMISSIONER FOR RESEARCH, INNOVATION AND SCIENCE
Authors: Slepak V. Yu. , Ariiantc A. A.
Published: June 2020

Innovation is seen as the main source of competitiveness in the European Union. The European Commissioner for Research, Innovation and Science, whose legal status and competence are the subject of analysis of this article, plays a direct role in ensuring the harmonious sustainable development of science and technology.
Analysis of perinatal losses in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad region in 2006–2018
Authors: Bezhenar Vitaly F. , Ivanova Lidia A. , Korshunov Mikhail Yu.
Published: June 2020

Hypothesis/aims of study. Prevention of the most common causes of perinatal mortality provides an opportunity to reduce perinatal losses. It is customary to distinguish between maternal, fetal and placental factors, dividing them into preventable and unavoidable subfactors. Of all nosologies, intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia of the newborn, infectious (viral and / or microbial) damage to the placenta and fetus / newborn, and placental insufficiency (acute and chronic) are most important. The aim of this study was to analyze perinatal losses most often diagnosed in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region in order to assess the possibility of developing a set of measures to reduce perinatal mortality.
Study design, materials and methods. The analysis of perinatal losses in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region in 20062018 is based on the official reports of the Saint Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Medical Information and Analytical Center and the Leningrad Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Medical Information and Analytical Center, as well as the reports of the Leningrad Regional Pathological and Anatomical Bureau (LRPAB).
Results. The main causes of perinatal losses in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region for 20062018 were: fetal hypoxia (acute and chronic), intrauterine infections, respiratory distress syndrome (for premature babies), congenital malformations, and chromosomal abnormalities. Throughout the period, intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia of the newborn (which are the pathology manifestation, not etiology) were indicated as leading diagnoses in the conclusions of perinatal death. Moreover, according to the LRPAB pathomorphological findings, intrauterine infections were the leading (over 60% of cases) cause of perinatal losses over the years. During the analyzed period in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, a high frequency of individual states arising in the perinatal period remained unchanged without determination of a specific diagnosis, which significantly complicates our analysis.
Conclusion. For an adequate diagnosis of the etiological mechanisms of perinatal losses, it is necessary to improve histological examination of the afterbirth and pathomorphological examination of the fetus / newborn using virological and immunological tests. It is also necessary to change the structure of statistical reports, obliging medical institutions to indicate the exact cause of perinatal death, excluding whenever possible the diagnoses of intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia in labor that indicate no etiological diagnosis explaining the occurrence of hypoxia / asphyxia.
Effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) levels on the development of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders in patients with cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Lobzin Sergey V. , Shvartsman Grigoriy I. , Pervova Evgenia M. , Chistova Inga V. , Yurkina Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2020

In recent years, the problem of vascular cognitive impairment is becoming increasingly important due to the increasing prevalence of cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between 25(OH)D, highly sensitive CRP, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and cognitive function in patients with cerebrovascular disease and to assess their impact on quality of life.

Materials and methods. 58 patients with cerebrovascular disease aged 3181 years were examined. The comparison group consisted of 24 patients, comparable in age and sex, without the studied pathology. In the study, patients were determined by the level of 25(OH)D, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, highly sensitive CRP in peripheral blood. All patients underwent neuropsychological, psychometric examination and study of their quality of life.

Results. In the study, the level of 25(OH)D in patients with cerebrovascular disease was lower compared to the group without this pathology. Concentrations of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and highly sensitive CRP in patients in the main group were statistically significantly higher than in those in the comparison group. Higher concentrations of highly sensitive CRP, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 were found in patients with low vitamin D availability. The study obtained direct correlations between the level of 25(OH)D in peripheral blood and the results of neuropsychological testing (MMSE, MoCA, FAB, Schulte tables (performance), the Drawing hours test) and the inverse with the degree of workability (Schulte tables). An inverse correlation of average strength was observed between the results of psychometric testing and the level of 25(OH)D in peripheral blood. The study confirmed the relationship between the level of 25(OH)D in peripheral blood and quality of life indicators, in the form of a direct correlation.

Conclusion. The study found that the higher the concentration of 25 (OH)D and the lower the level of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and highly sensitive CRP in the peripheral blood, the less likely it is to develop cognitive and psychoemotional disorders. The study confirmed the relationship between the level of 25(OH)D and quality of life indicators.
Üniversitelerin Kurumsal İletişim Aracı Olarak Instagram Kullanımı: Vakıf Üniversitelerinin Instagram Sayfaları Üzerine Betimsel Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: GÖKLER Kübra , ONAY Atılım
Published: June 2020

Kurumsal İletişim faaliyetleri, kurum adına bilgi aktarılmasının yanı sıra kurumun çevresinden bilgi alması temeline de dayanmaktadır. Üniversitelerin hedef kitlesi tarafından tercih edilebilir olması, toplum nezdinde değer kazanması ve bunun sonucunda başarısını arttırması için kurumsal iletişim faaliyetlerini en doğru şekilde yürütmesi gerekmektedir. Diğer tüm kurumlarda olduğu gibi üniversitelerde kurumsal iletişim faaliyetlerini yürütürken çeşitli iletişim araçlarından faydalanmaktadır. Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan hızlı değişimler ile birlikte hayatımıza giren sosyal medya, kurumların iletişim çalışmalarının hazırlanması ve sürdürülmesi noktasında etkili bir araç haline gelmiştir. Üniversiteler ise günümüzde kurumsal iletişim çalışmalarını gerçekleştirmek ve sosyal medyanın sunmuş olduğu fırsatlardan yararlanmak amacıyla bu mecralarda yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu araştırma kapsamında, üniversitelerin kurumsal iletişim çalışmaları açısından Instagram kullanım durumları betimsel bir analizle ortaya konulmuştur. Betimsel analizlerle var olan durum ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Araştırmada, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren vakıf üniversitelerinin Instagram sayfaları içerik analizi ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; üniversitelerin kurumsal iletişim faaliyetlerinde Instagram sosyal medya uygulamasını kullandıkları; kurumsal iletişim çalışmalarını gerçekleştirme noktasında Instagram’da yer almayı önemsedikleri ortaya konmuştur. İncelenen vakıf üniversitelerin Instagram sayfalarını yönetme konusunda bazı eksiklikleri olduğu da araştırma sonucunda söylenebilmektedir.
Estimating Near-Surface Rigidity from Low-Frequency Noise Using Collocated Pressure and Horizontal Seismic Data
Authors: Wang Jiong , Tanimoto Toshiro
Published: June 2020

We propose a single-station approach to estimate near-surface elastic structure using collocated pressure and seismic instruments. Our main result in this study is near-surface rigidity (shear modulus) structure at 784 EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) stations in operation from mid-2011 to the end of 2018 using coherent horizontal seismic and pressure signals at 0.02 Hz. We isolate time periods for which surface pressure change is the dominant excitation source for seismic signals by searching for data windows with large pressure variations and high-seismic-pressure coherence. We emphasize the importance of using horizontal seismic components for two reasons: first, horizontal seismic signals are significantly higher than vertical signals at 0.02 Hz due to ground tilt, and second, we can analytically compute the predicted horizontal signals without an assumption of atmospheric pressure wavespeed (which is required for predicting the vertical excitation). Sensitivity kernels from 0.01 to 0.05 Hz show that this pressure–seismic coupling is mostly dependent on rigidity shallower than 50 or 100 m. Our estimates of shallow elastic structure show good spatial agreement with large-scale surface geological features. For instance, stations in the Appalachian Mountains mostly have high rigidity, whereas low-rigidity sites dominate the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Because of the lack of measured velocity profiles, we quantitatively validate our approach by comparing with VS30 models that are based on proxies such as topographic slopes and large-scale surface geology. We estimate near-surface rigidity at 784 TA stations, where these locations have no prior structure information. Our method provides independent information for seismic hazard studies.
TÜRKİYE’DE DEMOKRATİK AVANTAJ ARGÜMANININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ELA Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Devlet borçlarına ilişkin göstergeler çeşitli faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Bu anlamda devlet borçları, ekonomik, mali ve politik faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Develet borçlanma göstergelerini etkileyen faktörlerden bir tanesi ise demokrasidir. Demokrasinin devlet borçlarının önemli bir açıklayıcısı olduğuna ilişkin temel savlar ise ancak 1990’lı yıllarda ortaya atılmıştır. Bunlardan bir tanesi ise demokratik avantaj argümanıdır. Demokrasinin birtakım borç göstergelerinin önemli bir belirleyicisi olduğunu savunan demokratik avantaj argümanına göre, demokrasideki artış borç göstergelerini güçlendirmektedir. Bu argümana göre, demokrasideki artış, borçlanma maliyetlerini, temerrüt ve kriz olasılığını ve borçlanma düzeyini düşürmektedir. Demokratik avantaj argümanının Türkiye için geçerliliğini söylemsel bir yöntemle sınayan bu çalışmanın sonucuna göre, demokrasideki artış, borçlanma maliyetlerini, temerrüt ve kriz olasılığını ve borçlanma düzeyini azaltmaktadır. Çalışmada, elde edilen söz konusu sonuçlara göre birtakım politika önerileri sunulmuştur.
THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION IN THE PROCESS OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY EXPORTS: AN ANALYSIS ON BRICS COUNTRIES
Authors: DURMAZ Atakan , YILDIZ Ümit
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of innovation on high-tech exports in BRICS countries. For this purpose, in this study, the relations between the R&D expenditures of the relevant countries and the number of patents they have and the export of high-technology are examined for the period of 1999-2018. In the study using panel data techniques, firstly, the existence of cross-section dependence in the se-ries was investigated. Following the determination of the cross-section dependency, the stationarity of the series was investigated by Pesaran (2007) unit root test, which can also be applied in the presence of cross-section dependence. Afterwards, the series, which were found to be non-stationary at level, were made stationary by taking the difference of the series and the relations between the variables were analyzed by panel fixed effects and panel random effects methods. In the outputs of the study, a significant positive re-lationship was found between the number of patents and high-tech exports in the countries subject to the study. Accordingly, innovation is a highly important factor in the export of high-tech products for BRICS coun-tries, and it is understood that innovation activities should be given importance to create high added value in these countries
Clinicomorphological study of ovarian tumours: two year study
Authors: M. Sheela K. , G. Priya M. , Vijayan Veena
Published: June 2020

Background: The ovarian tumors manifest a wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features. The aim of the study was to study the histopathological patterns of 597 ovarian tumors received in Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala for a period of 2 years and to correlate with variousclinical parameters like age, nature of presentation, laterality of tumors.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 597 ovarian tumors at Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram for a period of 2 years. The clinical data of the patients was obtained from their respective files.Results: Study included 597 cases removed from 570 patients. Total 543 cases were unilateral and 27 cases were bilateral. The predominant age group of ovarian tumors was 4th to 5th decade. The most common clinical presentation was pain abdomen followed by mass abdomen. In the present study, 85% cases were benign tumors, 3.34% were borderline and 11.6% were malignant. Surface epithelial tumors were the most common ovarian neoplasm (79%), followed by germ cell tumor (25%), sex cord stromal tumors (4.2%) and metastasis (0.34%). The most common benign tumor was serous cystadenoma and the most common malignant tumor was serous carcinoma. Mucinous borderline tumor was the most common borderline tumor in this study.Conclusions: Majority of ovarian tumors in this study were benign. Surface epithelial tumor was the most common ovarian tumor in the present study. Most common age group was 40-49 years.
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with HIV infection: a case report
Authors: Sawan Nitish J. , Basavaraj Anita
Published: June 2020

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is defined as paradoxical worsening of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected patients. IRIS results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non-infectious antigens. Immune reconstitution following initiation of ART may lead to activation of an inflammatory response to detectable or latent JC virus (JCV) infection, an etiological agent of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML). We present an interesting case of IRIS manifesting as PML in a newlydiagnosed HIV-infected patient started on ART.
Disparities among pediatric hospital admissions according to gender
Authors: Mehdi Asim Hassan , Riaz Kinza , Ghazal Nimra , Kamran Nighat Seema , Saboohi Erum , Malick Abdul Hadi Hassan , Tariq Anas Bin
Published: June 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the pattern of disparities among paediatric hospital admissions according to gender.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was done at pediatric ward of Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital Karachi from June 2018 to May 2019. Pediatric patients below 12 years of age admitted to the pediatric ward of the hospital were included while patients who were admitted for less than 24 hours, refused for consent by parent/guardian, surgical or ICU pediatric patients were excluded. SPSS was used for data analysis. Quantitative data included age, gender, diagnosis and seasonal variation, expressed as frequency in percentages and chi-square test was applied to test for significance.  

Results: Among 734 pediatric hospital admissions, 423 (58%) were males and 311 (42%) females. Highest percentages of pediatric admission in both genders were infants after which second most patients were from the 1-4 years group in both genders (p=0.01). 215 patients of acute gastroenteritis were male while 142 females. Among patients admitted with respiratory disease, 56 were males while 48 were females. 52 male patients were admitted with viral fever while 34 patients admitted were females (p=0.01).

Conclusions: Our study reported a significant difference among gender variances in pediatric hospital admissions. Overall, not only males were predominant in admission to pediatric wards, they were also found to be predominant in disease categorization. Further studies set to determine the reasons behind such gender differences would help in determining plans accordingly to improve outcome of diseases.
Lipomatous polyp causing colo-colic intussusception
Authors: Teklewold Berhanetsehay , Suga Yisihak , Mamo Tena , Wondewosen Mekete
Published: June 2020

A lipoma is a benign tumour that arises from an adipose tissue. It is the leading benign soft tissue tumour. It can occur anywhere in the human body. Lipomas in the gastrointestinal tract are quite rare and usually asymptomatic. We report a 70 years old male patient who presented with crampy abdominal pain. CT scan of the abdomen showed colo-colic intussusception. The patient was explored and the finding was colo-colic intussusception with a mass as a leading point. En-block resection done. Histology confirmed the mass as a lipoma.
Revisiting conventional adenoidectomy using technology
Authors: Gangadhar S. Kiran , Thingujam Sonee , Poduval Jayita
Published: June 2020

Background: Adenoidectomy is one of the most frequently applied surgical procedures in the paediatric population, either alone or in conjunction with tonsillectomy and/or insertion of ventilation tubes. The main purpose of the adenoidectomy is to eliminate the nasopharyngeal respiratory pathogens and to remove nasal airway obstruction. Aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of conventional and endoscopic assisted curettage adenoidectomy.

Methods: In this comparative study, 50 patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (25 patients) underwent endoscopic curettage adenoidectomy and group 2 (25 patients) underwent conventional curettage adenoidectomy. Intraoperative time, complications and postoperative pain were recorded.  

Results: 72% in group 1 and 64% in group 2 had grade 2 adenoid hypertrophy. 68% in group 1 and 64% in group 2 had a moderate degree of obstruction in lateral view of soft tissue X-ray nasopharynx. The mean time taken for surgery in group 1 was 13.29±3.28 minutes, and in group 2,6.28±2.31 minutes. Minimal loss of blood was recorded in group 1 with less than 20 ml, whereas in group 2, the blood loss was high; 30% of patients had blood loss more than 30 ml. In group 1, the mean VAS was 3.25 and 2.55 in group 2 2.55. In group 1, 4% of patients had primary haemorrhage and in group 2, 8% of patients had primary haemorrhage. No patient had velopharyngeal dysfunction in either group.

Conclusions: More operative time but less blood loss were noted in endoscopic adenoidectomy. Intraoperative visualisation of the nasopharynx in endoscopic procedures showed no significant advantage over conventional adenoidectomy.
The Impact of Financial Information Comparability on Aggressive Tax Avoidance with Respect to the Information Environment
Authors: Farhadi Zahra
Published: June 2020

The overall tax avoidance perspective suggests that managers who seek opportunities to avoid paying taxes are pursuing financial abuse by creating a lack of transparency in the financial reporting environment. It seems that many companies are involved in tax avoidance. For this reason, it is crucial to determine the factors influencing the rate of tax avoidance. In this study, it is assumed that, in weak information environments, there is much incentive to avoid paying taxes. Thus, in this research, the effect of financial information comparability on aggressive tax avoidance with respect to the information environment has been investigated. To this end, 88 companies were examined during the period from 2011 to 2016. The required financial information was extracted by referring to the financial statements using Rahavard Novin software; summarized, classified and calculated in Excel software; and finally, analyzed through EViews software. By using the combined data and taking advantage of the generalized least squares regression test, it was established that the impact of financial statement comparability on aggressive tax avoidance in companies with a weaker information environment was more significant at a 90% confidence level. On the other hand, in a situation where there is a weak information environment, the ability to compare financial statements plays a significant role in reducing tax avoidance. Thus, it can reduce companies’ involvement in avoiding daring taxes, especially in a weak information environment. Furthermore, no reliable evidence was found concerning the effectiveness of financial information comparability in aggressive tax avoidance at a 95% confidence level.
The Outcomes of Introducing the Effective Contract with Medical Staff
Authors: Shishkin Sergey , Temnitsky Aleksandr
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the results of a study of changes in the salary schemes and working conditions of medical staff, their labor motivation and the compliance of these changes with the objectives of the so-called “effective”, performance-based, contract being introduced. The data from a set of surveys of employees at public medical facilities in 2009–2018 served as the empirical base of the study. It is shown that the introduction of the effective contract had changed the role of factors determining the salary of medical workers. Whereas earlier qualification had been the leading factor, afterwards it was the volume and quality of the work performed as well as the outcomes of a given medical institution or unit. Most doctors had increased the amount of work they do, and the secondary employment of medical staff had slightly been reduced. Survey data indicate quite a stable hierarchy of labor motives among medical workers, the leading ones being earning money, professional interest in work, and altruism. In 2018, the role of the guaranteed employment motive was elevated. Among the positive changes are an increase in the satisfaction of medical workers with the salary, conditions for advanced training, and rules of remuneration. The identified outcomes are generally consistent with the objectives of introducing the effective contract, and they allow one to argue that the new salary scheme has had a positive impact on the labor motivation of medical staff. However, the conclusion of an effective contract was noted by only half of respondents. For the rest, it all boiled down to an increase in salary. These results indicate serious failures in the administration of this reform.
The Vices against the Virtue of Temperance among the Atyap Cultural Heritage of Africa: A Philosophical Approach
Authors: Abui Abui Abraham
Published: June 2020

Wady odpowiadające cnocie umiarkowania w kulturowym dziedzictwie szczepu Atyap: podejście filozoficzne

W dyskursie moralnym cnoty wciąż zajmują centralne miejsce. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ dyskusje o moralności obracają się wokół pojęć cnoty i wady. Bierze się za pewnik, że wynikiem cnót są czyny dobre moralnie, natomiast wady prowadzą do czynów złych, powszechnie potępianych. Etycy cnót opierają swoje argumenty na założeniu, że czyny ludzkie są bezpośrednio połączone bądź to z cnotą, bądź z wadą. Każdej cnocie odpowiada nadmiar lub deficyt, którego przekroczenie wiąże się z przeciwną jej moralną dyspozycją, nazywaną wadą. W takim wypadku, powinna istnieć jakaś ustalona miara, na której podstawie rozróżniamy między cnotą a wadą. Jakie kryteria obowiązują w przypadku ustalania takiej miary? Co więcej, istnieje tradycyjny podział cnót na kardynalne i poboczne: jakie dokładnie cechy moralne winna mieć cnota, by być określona jako kardynalna? W artykule autor podejmuje próbę analizy jednej z tak zwanych cnót kardynalnych, mianowicie umiarkowania. Szczególny nacisk został położony na pojęciach wstydu i honoru, rozumianych w duchu dziedzictwa kulturowego szczepu Atyap. Celem autora jest znalezienie tych cech, które odpowiadają za ustanowienie umiarkowania cnotą kardynalną oraz podjęcie próby wyznaczenia miary, która odpowiada za wady związane z pojęciem umiarkowania.
Communication Petterns Of Coaches And Students In Cultivating Discipline Of Memorizing The Qur’an
Authors: Qudratullah Qudratullah , Aswinda Nor , Najamuddin Najamuddin
Published: June 2020

This research aims to determine the pettern of communication between Coaches and students in disciplining the memorization of the Qir’an at the Baitul Al-Muqarramah Foundation in Bone Regency. Qualitative research methods are used in this research by conducting interviews.  Interviews wew conducted with informants who were Coaches at the Baitul Al-Muqarramah Foundation in Bone Regency. The results showed the Coaches in the Baitul Al-Muqarramah Foundation used verbal and nonverbal communication. There are two communication petterns that are used there are also two namely interpersonal communication petterns and group communication petterns. The petterns of group communication is more dominant used in this foundation, while interpernonal communication is usually applied to students who are less optimal in directing group communication. Where the pettern of group communication is more dominant applied in the process of direction every day. As with interpersonal communication, this communication pettern is usually applied to a particular situation. For axample, there is one student who cannot be fostered if trough the communication petterns of the group. Proven trought group communication implemented by the Coach, able to discipline student to memorize the Qur’an and make student achieve targets that have been determined with a dominant scale. Even trought this group communication, the time of a Coach can be more efficient than interpersonal communication which requires the trainer to meet one-onone with his students. The obstacle factors of the Coaches are so unable to discipline the memorization of the Qur’an by their students namely; first, the psychological factors and habit factor od the students.
Environmental Variables Associated with Distribution of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Dogs in Ardabil Province, Northwestern Iran: A Systematic Review
Authors: MORADI-ASL Eslam , MOHEBALI Mehdi , RASSI Yavar , VATANDOOST Hassan , SAGHAFIPOUR Abedin
Published: June 2020

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease that currently occurs in some parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the canine visceral leishmaniasis in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in northwestern Iran.
Methods: The data were collected from 1994 to 2018 in Ardabil Province from electronic databases. An extensive literature search was conducted in different international and national databases, including Cochrane, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Iran Medex to find articles with the words “visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil” in their titles, and “canine visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil” or “accidental reservoir hosts of visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil” in their subtitles, irrespective of the type and duration of study. The GIS software and MaxEnt model were used to determine the ecologically suitable niches for the disease.
Results: In total, 9088 dogs were examined, and the overall prevalence rate of CVL in dogs was estimated to be 14.56%. The most ecologically suitable areas of CVL occurrence were identified in four hotspots in Meshkinshahr, Germi, and two spots in Parsabad counties. The results of jackknife test showed that the environmental and climate variables with the highest gain, when used in isolation, were Isothermality, Bio3, Bio13, and Bio 4.
Conclusion: A widely epidemic CVL has emerged among dogs, making a lot of risks on inhabitants of this area and increasing the probability of an outbreak of VL in humans.
Demographic and Economic Correlates of Mortality Due to Traffic Accidents among Children Aged 1–14 Years in European Countries
Authors: GENOWSKA Agnieszka , POLAK Maciej , GOWORKO-SKŁADANEK Beata , SYGIT Katarzyna , HUZARSKA Dorota , SZAFRANIEC Krystyna
Published: June 2020

Background: To evaluate the changes of mortality among children aged 1–14 yr due to road traffic injury and related demographic and economic factors in an ecological study undertaken in 33 European countries.
Methods: Information about mortality due to road traffic injury among children aged 1–14 yr in European countries was obtained from the WHO database. Changes in the mortality for the years 2000–2009 were estimated as linear regression. These deaths were correlated with demographic and economic factors.
Results: The greatest burden of child mortality due to road traffic accidents was observed in Baltic States, three times lower mortality levels than that in Northern States. Between 2000 and 2009, there was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in mortality among children aged 1–14 yr in Southern-West countries and Western countries, 1–4 yr in Central and Eastern countries, and 5–14 yr in Northern countries. Mortality due to road traffic injury among boys was strongly associated with the level of urbanization. Both sexes showed strong negative correlations with the economic level and strong positive correlations with income inequality.
Conclusion: Although in European countries the mortality of children due to traffic injury was considerably reduced, efforts should be made to educate and design a safe environment.
Isolation of Oxidase-Negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Various Specimens
Authors: FARAJZADEH SHEIKH Ahmad , GHANBARI Fahimeh , AFZALI Maryam , SHAHIN Mojtaba
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Implications of an Imported Measles Outbreak in Taiwan
Authors: YAN Ke , JIN Lanfei
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Youth Unemployment as a Factor Affecting the Health
Authors: DUISEKOVA Samal , TURGAMBAYEVA Assiya , TURGAMBAYEVA Aliya , ZHANALIYEVA Marina , SARSENBAYEVA Gulzat , MUSTAFIN Adil
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Step by Step Approach to Interpretation of Pediatric Elbow Radiography
Authors: Hedayat Ehsan , Apostolou Nicolas , Mohammadi Mohammad Aref , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2020

This article is an Educational Corner and does not include an Abstract.
Impact of Self-efficacy Strategies Education on Self-care Behaviors among Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Peyman Nooshin , Shahedi Fateme , Abdollahi Mahbubeh , Doosti Hassan , Zadehahmad Zohre
Published: June 2020

Background: Self-efficacy in self-care behaviors is an effective framework for measuring patients’ degree of ability to perform selfcare behaviors that significantly affect their recovery process and quality of life. This study was designed to investigate the effects of education based on self-efficacy strategies on self-care behaviors in heart failure patients.
Methods: A semi-experimental study was conducted on 80 heart failure patients divided into 2 equal groups of test and control. The intervention group received three 60-minute practical and theoretical training sessions based on self-care and self-efficacy strategies, while the control group received the usual care services. Self-care behaviors and self-efficacy were evaluated before training, shortly after training, and 3 months after the training program using the Sullivan self-efficacy questionnaire for heart failure patients and the European self-care behaviors questionnaires.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.00±8.48 and 51.61±8.51 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Women comprised 73.7% (n=59) of the study population. The mean score for the self-care and self-efficacy questionnaires in the experimental group was 23.50±6.58 and 18.57±6.64, correspondingly, before the intervention, which increased to 42.64±6.74 (P<0.014) and 32.29±7.06 (P<0.001), respectively, shortly after the intervention. A significant improvement also occurred at 3 months’ follow-up (P<0.001). Self-care behaviors also revealed a positive correlation with self-efficacy shortly after the intervention (r=0.82, P<0.001) and 3 months after the intervention (r=0.85, P<0.001).
Conclusion: The implementation of educational interventions based on self-efficacy strategies could have positive effects on healthpromoting behaviors among heart failure patients.
Anesthetic Management of Left Ventricular Assist Device Exchange in a Patient with Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Salman Nevriye , Kocabeyoğlu Sınan Sabit , Sabuncu Ülkü , Kervan Ümit , Paç Mustafa , Özgök Ayşegül
Published: June 2020

The gold standard treatment for end-stage heart failure is heart transplantation; however, the rate of transplantation remains inadequate because of the paucity of organ donation. The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has been used as a bridge therapy before transplantation. The LVAD is being used increasingly because it reduces mortality despite the accompanying morbidities. Therefore, the anesthetic management of LVAD-related morbidities is important and requires experience and knowledge. Herein, we describe a 60-year-old male patient with an LVAD with complaints of right hemiparesis, dysphasia, and facial paralysis. We aim to present the anesthetic management of a patient with intracranial hemorrhage who underwent LVAD exchange due to thrombosis.
FEMINISMO E DISCURSO DE GÊNERO EM REDES SOCIAIS: EMPODERAMENTO FEMININO?
Authors: Baini Maria Cecilia , Sobral Adail
Published: June 2020

Neste estudo analisamos parte da discussão nos sites de redes sociais sobre as questões de gênero em torno do lançamento do filme Mulher-Maravilha, em quatro publicações na página de Facebook oficial da obra. Investigamos, nos comentários sobre o lançamento do filme, a presença de debate sobre as questões feministas, a fim de identificar os temas discutidos e sua perspectiva. A hipótese do trabalho original, a dissertação de mestrado de Maria Cecilia Baini, foi de que o filme iria mobilizar discursos sobre empoderamento feminino. Partindo das discussões sobre questões de gênero a partir dos anos 1930, apresentamos estudos de gênero tal como entendidos hoje e discorremos sobre a presença do feminismo na Internet. Questões sobre poder e discurso são trazidas à tona ancoradas nos preceitos de Bourdieu (1996) e Foucault (2013), a fim de pensar a produção do discurso como resultado de relações de poder na sociedade. A linguagem é entendida, recorrendo-se ao conceito de habitus (BOURDIEU 1989), como passível de naturalizar o poder e como um instrumento que pode estar a serviço da perpetuação da desigualdade dos gêneros. Recorremos a Recuero (2012, 2014) para descrever a comunicação mediada por computador, em seus aspectos relevantes para nossa análise, compreendendo-a como um produto social capaz de simular elementos da conversação oral. Seguindo Herring, (2001, 2004), vemos a comunicação textual como parte dos discursos que vêm a construir comportamentos, recorrendo aos aportes teóricos e metodológicos da Análise do Discurso Mediada por Computador, desenvolvidos por Hering, a fim de tentar identificar padrões recorrentes do discurso examinado, com ênfase nos vinculados à discussão sobre o empoderamento feminino.
UMA ANÁLISE CRIMINOLÓGICO-CRÍTICA SOBRE OS DISCURSOS DISCENTES ACERCA DA CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DA HOMOFOBIA
Authors: Souza Túlio Vinícius Andrade , Amazonas Maria Cristina Lopes de Almeida
Published: June 2020

No Brasil, a sociedade está se tornando, cada vez mais, punitivista, ou seja, solicitando a aplicação do sistema penal como alternativa para reduzir a criminalidade. Essa requisição é alimentada pelo sentimento de impunidade e sensação de insegurança, frequentemente expostos pela mídia como conteúdo de exigências criminalizantes. No entanto, esse sistema reproduz mecanismos que regem a sociedade brasileira, como o machismo, a homofobia e o racismo. Diante disso, o presente trabalho buscou verificar se estudantes do último ano do curso de Direito conhecem o Projeto de Lei 122/2016 (“criminalização da homofobia”) e quais posicionamentos esses sujeitos emitem sobre a citada proposta legislativa, correlacionando com a vertente teórico-epistemológica da Criminologia Crítica e suas aproximações com a teoria queer. Foi realizada, então, uma pesquisa empírica de cunho exploratório, através da aplicação de 200 questionários com estudantes do último ano da graduação em Direito de uma universidade particular de Recife. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados através de uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa, demonstrando, sobretudo, que a maioria dos pesquisados não conhecia o Projeto de Lei e, ainda, resultando em categorias argumentativas importantes para a análise dos posicionamentos dos discentes. Esse estudo pode apresentar contribuições para o modelo de ensino jurídico vigente e, ainda, debates mais aprofundados no campo das implicações de movimentos criminalizadores no contexto brasileiro.
A Rare Case of Dystocia Due to Hydroamnion Coupled with Fetal Anasarca in a Doe
Authors: Rautela Rupali , Katiyar Rahul , Kharayat Nitish , Kumar Abhishek , Gautam Deepesh , Ghosh S. K. , Prasad J. K.
Published: June 2020

A non-descript doe was presented with the complaint of excessive bilateral abdominal distension and with unknown breeding history. Ultrasound examination revealed excessive anechoic area in uterus along with two fetuses. On caesarean section, dropsy of amnion was observed and one normal fetus co-twin with “bulldog” anasarcous fetus was removed.
Genetic Polymorphism in a Selective Intron of Ovine Myostatin Gene and Its Putative Relation with Carcass Traits in Sheep
Authors: Metta M. , Praneeth D. V. , Vinoo R. , Sudhakar K. , Jagadeswararao S.
Published: June 2020

The main aim of the present study is to identify a suitable polymorphic locus in the myostatin gene of sheep that could be associated with production in local sheep genetic groups of Andhra Pradesh province in India. Representative samples from three local genetic groups were used in the present study namely Nellore Jodipi, Nellore Brown and Macherla Brown. Two PCR-RFLP based SNP markers located in GDF-8 (myostatin-MYST) locus were used in the present study. A PCR-RFLP assay was developed for a SNP located in the intron1 (rs119102825) of the myostatin gene. The second marker is located in exon3 which was obtained from previous studies. The SNP located in Intron1 is polymorphic and the SNP located in exon3 is monomorphic. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the SNP in intron1 is 0.37. Association studies with limited data showed lack of association of genotypes with body weight at different ages. However, based on bioinformatic prediction, it is likely that the SNP in the intron1 locus may be involved in meat quality determination as it is close to the donor site of intron and the variation has potentiality for enhancement or repression of the gene expression. Further association studies with meat quality traits would help in understanding functional implications of the polymorphism.
Identification of Suitable Restorers for WA-CMS Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) through Conventional and Molecular Breeding Methods
Authors: Nath Anirban , Nath Disharee , Santra Chand Kumar , Dasgupta Tapash
Published: June 2020

The current study extensively evaluates 51 genotypes for their fertility restoration potential using test crosses with five WA (wild abortive) Cytoplasmic Male Sterile lines namely IR58025A, IR6897A, IR79156A, IR80559A and APMS6A. Also the genotypes were screened using SSR markers RM6100 and RM10313, tightly linked with the fertility restorer genes Rf4 and Rf3 respectively. The two way approach helped in identifying potential restorers for five WA-CMS lines and also detected the presence of dominant Rf genes in their genetic background. The R-lines identified can be safely presumed to be strong restorers for consecutive A-lines they were crossed with. The study also identified a potential maintainer CN1039-9 for the A-line IR58025A. The maintainer line identified can be later exploited for developing new CMS lines.