bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Designer’s Contribution to the 3D Knit Ecosystem
Authors: Schaefer Kirsten
Published: June 2023

The term 3D knitting is used in popular media and marketing to describe textile products knit in a single, shaped piece, without seams. 3D knit products provide: increased comfort in wearable items, greater product integrity, new design possibilities, reduction in manual labour, and new opportunities to integrate “smart” fibres. Due to the complex machinery and software used for this type of fabrication, designers engaging with 3D knitting require a different mindset compared to traditional cut and sew or knit design processes. This research was framed by the question: What role do designers play in the current 3D knit ecosystem? A secondary question asked: What are the opportunities and challenges in expanding designers’ skills for 3D knitting? Qualitative inquiry was used to examine designers’ experience in the 3D knit ecosystem in Canada and the United States from the perspectives of three primary stakeholders: designers, software technicians (programmers), and production managers (manufacturers). Modified touchstone tours including semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants (n=18) from the three key stakeholder groups at companies (n=10) across Canada and the United States. Thematic analysis was used to identify and organize key themes from the data. Results indicate that 3D knitting provides benefits in five categories: consumer/product, manufacturer, design and development, business strategy, and sustainability. Challenges and roadblocks were identified in four categories for all stakeholders: costs, education and employment, design and development, and communication. Challenges identified by one stakeholder group were frequently mirrored by or connected to the experience of another group. Results suggest that tacit knowledge contributes to the communication bottleneck in the 3D knit ecosystem. As access to 3D knitting increases, designers’ responsibilities and the scope of their considerations in the design and development process must expand. Designers who understand the goals and priorities of the other stakeholder groups are better equipped to successfully navigate the 3D knit design and development process. This research has implications for current practices in textile and apparel production as well as for higher education institutions preparing design students for careers in this evolving industry.
The Cinematic Subterranean: Investigating the Cultural Significance of the Underground through Film
Authors: Payette Nicole
Published: June 2023

Representations of the material underground are dominated by infernal imagery and vast catacombs, fantastic wizards and mythical beasts, sleek climate-controlled bunkers and modern transportation. As a lived space, the underground is home to labourers, socially ostracized populations, revolutionaries, treasure, toxic waste, and dead bodies. The multifariousness of the underground marks the space as a powerful location through which countless narratives, characters, and meanings are manifested. This Major Research Paper provides an initial step in understanding the underground’s cultural significance by primarily focusing on the representations of the subterranean in film. This research begins by determining three main characteristics of the space: marginalization, interment, and utopianism. These characteristics are subsequently analyzed through the genre of horror, specifically Jordan Peele’s Us (2019), which utilizes the monster figure as the embodiment of the repressed/Other to distinguish the underground as a marginal, interring and utopian space.
The Virtual Capriccio: The Semiotics of Architecture in Digital Games
Authors: Aroni Gabriele
Published: June 2023

Digital games are among the most popular media on the planet, and billions of people inhabit such virtual worlds daily. Most of these worlds are made of virtual buildings, roads, and cities that players travel through. This dissertation aims to fill a gap in the game studies literature regarding the architecture of digital games, in terms of both its aesthetic aspect and its symbolic role as they relate to gameplay. It strives to answer the following questions: how does the design of virtual architecture influence gameplay and storytelling through its communicative aspect? How does digital architecture relate to real architecture? Where does the inspiration for digital games architecture come from? 

In order to answer these questions, this dissertation examines how architecture is used in digital games, how players interact with it, and what it communicates. The dissertation thus analyses the architecture of digital games through the lenses of semiotics and architecture theory, mainly the research pursued by Umberto Eco as regards the semiotics of architecture and by Brian Upton with his theory of “anticipatory play.” It presents case studies of digital games grouped in three categories: reconstructive, fantastic, and visionary. Reconstructive virtual architecture, as evidenced in Assassin’s Creed II (2009), aims to recreate existing locales, be they from the present or the past, with the intent to immerse the player in a simulated environment that is as close as possible to reality. Fantastic virtual architecture, represented by the Japanese game Final Fantasy XV (2016), is the category that arguably encompasses the vastest number of digital games, as it comprises the type of architecture designed to appear, if not realistic, at least plausible, and bears resemblance to real-world architecture. Finally, the category of visionary virtual architecture, as found in the independent game NaissanceE (2014), while still representing plausible and not completely abstract features, is meant to be perceived as an “impossible” construct. Through these case studies, the dissertation outlines how architecture plays a central role in digital games design, and proposes a semiotic framework for the analysis of virtual architecture that can be applied to the vast majority of digital games.
Mediated Landscapes: Technology and Environment in Recent Canadian Cinema
Authors: Browne Daniel
Published: June 2023

A central defining feature of the contemporary era is an environmental crisis that has been triggered by the relationship of human-developed technologies to the natural world, which is leading us towards conditions of increasing collapse that will impact all future understandings of our era’s cultural production and experience. This crisis has led many to propose that the planet has entered a new geologic epoch, the “Anthropocene,” in which boundaries between humanity, nature, and technology have become blurred and no longer viable. In this dissertation, I explore this ecological crisis as a manifestation of mythological and perceptual frameworks that structure contemporary modes of experience, by examining how Canadian filmmakers are responding to such conditions through their artworks. Drawing on Marshall McLuhan’s notion of art as a “counter-environment” that, in its most potent capacity, acts as a “liaison between biology and technology” ([1973] 2003a, 207) or “Distant Early Warning system,” I explore how many recent Canadian films prioritize process, hybridity, decay, and transmutation to reveal the environmental status of media, developing new myths and metaphors that address the crisis of imagination that I argue is at the root of the environmental crisis. Through these approaches, the binaries between humanity, technology, and nature are revealed as false dualisms that have always been united within a greater ecological matrix—an insight that reflects the holistic study of media developed by the Toronto School of Communication. 

The environmental crisis cannot be resolved through any singular response, but rather necessitates a proliferation of new forms of critical thought, empathy, and modes of experience. Accordingly, in this study I explore a range of aesthetic approaches to interrogate forms of critical visuality in cinema that articulate the environmental invisibility of media, including narrative, documentary, and experimental works. These examples are united by a framework that seeks to cultivate perceptual sensitivities through revelatory forms over discursive approaches. By revealing the strong affinities between Canadian art and critical theory, I demonstrate how cinema can provide a fertile terrain for critiquing technological environments and their influence upon notions of embodiment, the natural world, and the shaping force of language.
Mors Naviculam: The Globalization of Canadian Fashion through Trade, Policy and Regulation
Authors: O’Connell Mark
Published: June 2023

Canadian Fashion in its current modes of design, production and distribution is deeply integrated into globalized production chains that segment various aspects of manufacturing into disparate locations scattered around the globe. At best, these globalised operations provide jobs and revenue for developing economies, at worst the unregulated sites of production are left wide open for labour abuses that can spell disaster for the workers employed there, and the local environment. The goal of this research is to use the knowledge gained from the close study of fashion objects to illustrate the negative consequences of contemporary fashion production, a manufacturing model that is currently undertaken at the detriment of both workers as well as the environment. Utilizing an object-based research method, one that auto-ethnographises garments and their impacts, the full scope of the impacts of these processes are explored. Research also details the history of how these production models came to be and includes an examination of innovations that are aiming to counter these destructive modes of production as well as possibilities for amelioration. Sustainability (fashionable or otherwise) as a goal is not an ambition that can be achieved in a vacuum. The processes that create an unsustainable environment for manufacturing and production are directed and mediated by various social actors, they range from consumer preference, economic directives, as well as access to retail, manufacturing and labour markets. All of the actions of these competing mediating forces are synthesized into public policy. Governmental regulations on how production is undertaken locally, and the parameters for import and export are all set according to the general public will. It is this will (for good or ill) that will shape the future of Canadian fashion manufacturing.
The Post-Digital Pensive Image: Reclamation of Subjectivity within Communicative Capitalism
Authors: Rooney Cody
Published: June 2023

This paper/project theorizes an epistemological rupture between the scopic regimes of Cartesian Perspectivalism and the “Post-Digital” and how these influence conceptions of reality, identity, and subjectivity. Through an analysis of the progression of perspectivalism from the 15th century to the digital image, the photograph is theorized as operating concomitantly with realism and positivism, and through digital mediation, as having been commodified and weaponized by capitalism for the purposes of subjugating its subject. This subjugation is theorized as producing a pervasive dysphoria, as the simulacrum of reality engendered by digital visuality causes the semiology of reality to dissolve. The “post-digital,” then, serves as a negation of this subjugation through a reflexive and hyper-mediated visuality that employs surrealist strategies to ground the spectator in their own subjectivity. The photographic component is an inquiry into how I, as a digital subject, utilize aesthetic strategies in order to ground my own subjectivity within this paradigm. 
My Master’s Thesis, but it’s a podcast (about podcasts)
Authors: Trono Olivia
Published: June 2023

Podcasting is a medium that has become embedded in the everyday lives of millions, increasingly rivaling other forms of media—and yet, research has not kept pace with the proliferation of podcasts. In particular, podcast literature infrequently prioritizes the perspectives of podcast creators and listeners. In My Master’s Thesis, but it’s a podcast (about podcasts) (https://mymastersthesisbut.buzzsprout.com/), I interview creators and listeners in an effort to identify some of the ways in which podcasts shape individual lives, and broader communities and cultures—and to understand how podcasts serve “to make our selves feel oriented” (Weiner 2014). This 8-episode podcast strives to explore these ideas in a way that is accessible, yet still academic. The research and interviews focus on three overarching (and intersecting) purposes that podcasts serve: allowing for new/renewed forms of storytelling; enabling accessible, creative, and engaging forms of learning-education; and providing listeners with meaningful forms of companionship and community.
Girls Gotta Give Sex and Relationship Advice: Post-Feminism, Intimacy, and Self-Governance in Podcast Culture
Authors: Collado Danielle
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the ways in which episodes of the Girls Gotta Eat podcast represent a conflict between the rhetorics of choice and autonomy and the hosts’ presumed authority. A critical discourse analysis found that lack of credibility and recognition of the listeners’ autonomy complicated the hosts’ authoritative status, oversimplifications of success and disregard for rules and regulations highlighted the hosts’ unacknowledged privilege, and the promotion of self-management and self-surveillance threatened the empowering messaging that the hosts had initially strived for. Each of these findings contribute to broader discourses around intimacy, neoliberalism, and post-feminism. The discussion focuses on productive ways for the hosts to incorporate a variety of perspectives into their advice and to acknowledge their trusted positions as a responsibility.
“I would do anything to not call this place home”: The black pill, involuntary celibacy, and the neoliberal male grasp in digital incel communities
Authors: Burton Anthony
Published: June 2023

Drawing from gender studies, critical theory, media studies, and anthropology, this thesis examines “involuntary celibacy” and the links between neoliberalism, masculinity, digital community, and misogyny. Based on an analysis of the webforum incels.co, it chronicles the development of the “incel” identity, situating it as a reaction to contemporary social hierarchies and cultural norms, including the infringement of neoliberal market logic onto social relations and gender stereotypes. The “incel identity” is framed as a site wherein these norms meet and contradict each other, leading to the construction of a group epistemology that attempts to explain the incel’s oppression. This group knowledge, dubbed the “black pill”, is an alternative set of norms, behaviours, and social truths rooted in masculine supremacy and supported through the usage of positivist, scientific claims. This project explores the rationality and sentiments of the black pill, especially as they relate to expressive traits of the body. At its core, this thesis argues that “incel” ideology exposes a contradiction between the neoliberal marketization of the self and contemporary masculinity, and it draws upon this contradiction to formulate a way of understanding the process and practice of digitized community.
Horses in the Back: Negotiations of Black Identity through Cowboy Symbolism in American Popular Culture
Authors: Savage Brigid
Published: June 2023

In 2019 Lil Nas X released a country-trap song called “Old Town Road” that challenges the traditional boundaries of American popular music. This research paper examines the creation, maintenance, and subversion of myths in American popular culture through the lens of the song “Old Town Road.” With Roland Barthes’ work on mythologies as the theoretical framework, this research asks the following question: How does Lil Nas X, a young queer Black man, reshape the popular American iconography of the western cowboy in order to reconstruct mainstream popular culture representations? The research draws upon critical theory from a range of fields, including subculture, postcolonial, and intersectional feminist theory. This study finds that Black Americans have been marginalized by American history through racial stereotypes and strict social boundaries. However, through self-representation in music and style Black creators work to actively rewrite the myths of American identity.
Making up a Drug Epidemic: Constructing Drug Discourse during the Opioid Epidemic in Ontario
Authors: Sidak Travis
Published: June 2023

The current opioid epidemic has resulted in growing rates of overdose across the province with the introduction of fentanyl into illicit drug markets. What barriers are preventing policy makers from enacting emergency measures to save lives and how have those affected by the epidemic been categorically ignored? The following research critically analyzes drug discourse relating to the current opioid epidemic in Ontario and discusses why government responses to the epidemic have been delayed, and why they offer inferior measures to prevent growing mortality and morbidity. Using Ian Hacking’s theory of dynamic nominalism, the work systematically deconstructs drug discourse through a number of perspectives in order to identify stakeholders and manifest relations of power that drive policy deliberation and designate key figures of authority. Research has shown that opioid dependent users are infantilized and demonized due to a history of negative perspectives on drug use that persist today in drug discourse. 
Lucy Richardson and Mean Modified Wiener Filter for Construction of Super-Resolution Image
Authors: Balaso Chopade Pravin , N. Kota Prabhakar , D. Jadhav Bhagvat , Marotrao Ghate Pravin , Dattatray Chavan Shankar
Published: June 2023

The ultimate goal of the Super-Resolution (SR) technique is to generate the High-Resolution (HR) image by combining the corresponding images with Low-Resolution (LR), which is utilized for different applications such as surveillance, remote sensing, medical diagnosis, etc. The original HR image may be corrupted due to various causes such as warping, blurring, and noise addition. SR image reconstruction methods are frequently plagued by obtrusive restorative artifacts such as noise, stair casing effect, and blurring. Thus, striking a balance between smoothness and edge retention is never easy. By enhancing the visual information and autonomous machine perception, this work presented research to improve the effectiveness of SR image reconstruction The reference image is obtained from DIV2K and BSD 100 dataset, these reference LR image is converted as composed LR image using the proposed Lucy Richardson and Modified Mean Wiener (LR-MMWF) Filters. The possessed LR image is provided as input for the stage of bicubic interpolation. Afterward, the initial HR image is obtained as output from the interpolation stage which is given as input for the SR model consisting of fidelity term to decrease residual between the projected HR image and detected LR image. At last, a model based on Bilateral Total Variation (BTV) prior is utilized to improve the stability of the HR image by refining the quality of the image. The results obtained from the performance analysis show that the proposed LR-MMW filter attained better PSNR and Structural Similarity (SSIM) than the existing filters. The results obtained from the experiments show that the proposed LR-MMW filter achieved better performance and provides a higher PSNR value of 31.65dB whereas the Filter-Net and 1D,2D CNN filter achieved PSNR values of 28.95dB and 31.63dB respectively.
A New Approach using Deep Learning and Reinforcement Learning in HealthCare
Authors: Yousra Dahdouh , Boudhir Abdelhakim Anouar , Ahmed Mohamed Ben
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, skin cancer is one of the most important problems faced by the world, due especially to the rapid development of skin cells and excessive exposure to UV rays. Therefore, early detection at an early stage employing advanced automated systems based on AI algorithms plays a major job in order to effectively identifying and detecting the disease, reducing patient health and financial burdens, and stopping its spread in the skin. In this context, several early skin cancer detection approaches and models have been presented throughout the last few decades to improve the rate of skin cancer detection using dermoscopic images. This work proposed a model that can help dermatologists to know and detect skin cancer in just a few seconds. This model combined the merits of two major artificial intelligence algorithms: Deep Learning and Reinforcement Learning following the great success we achieved in the classification and recognition of images and especially in the medical sector. This research included four main steps. Firstly, the pre-processing techniques were applied to improve the accuracy, quality, and consistency of a dataset. The input dermoscopic images were obtained from the HAM10000 database. Then, the watershed algorithm was used for the segmentation process performed to extract the affected area. After that, the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was utilized to classify the skin cancer into seven types: actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, benign keratosis, dermatofibroma melanocytic nevi, melanoma vascular skin lesions. Finally, in regards to the reinforcement learning part, the Deep Q_Learning algorithm was utilized to train and retrain our model until we found the best result. The accuracy metric was utilized to evaluate the efficacy and performance of the proposed method, which achieved a high accuracy of 80%. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrate how reinforcement learning can be effectively combined with deep learning for skin cancer classification tasks.
Exploring the Multidimensional Motivations of Moroccan Fans Consuming Korean Popular Entertainment: Identification, Cultural Hybridity, and Cultural Proximity
Authors: Naguim Mariame , Nfissi Abdelhamid
Published: June 2023

Korean popular entertainment has gained global popularity primarily due to the participatory nature of Web 2.0 platforms. The rapid dissemination of this content has significantly increased the number of fans worldwide. This paper aims to investigate Moroccan fans’ motivations for consuming Korean popular entertainment. A qualitative research design was adopted, wherein standardized open-ended interviews were conducted to collect data. Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) was utilized to analyze the data. The study revealed that Moroccan fans are motivated to consume Korean popular entertainment because of their identification with the emotions and values represented, as well as the aesthetic elements portrayed. The findings indicate that fans' motivations are both hedonic and eudemonic, as they seek both psychological pleasure and meaning in their consumption. The study also highlights the similarities between the attitudes of Moroccan fans and those of fans in other Middle Eastern countries towards Korean popular entertainment. In conclusion, this research sheds light on transnational fandoms in Morocco and the reasons for the consumption of global media entertainment content in diverse cultural contexts. It also contributes to a better understanding of the complex and multifaceted motivations behind popular entertainment consumption.
Acto Legislativo 01 del 2005 como Contravención Constitucional a los Derechos Laborales en Materia de Pensiones Convencionales
Authors: Sarmiento Macayza Heyzel , Quintero Lyons Josefina del Carmen
Published: June 2023

Esta investigación se realizó para identificar el alcance de la Ley 100 de 1993 en relación con las pensiones convencionales, los efectos del Acto Legislativo 01 de 2005 en materia de pensiones convencionales y su exigibilidad a partir del 10 de julio de 2010. El tipo de investigación implementado fue cualitativo descriptivo. En los resultados se destaca que en materia pensional, a partir de la entrada en vigencia del Acto Legislativo 01 de 2005, no se pueden pactar beneficios superiores a los establecidos en la ley general de pensiones, y aquellas que se encuentren en convenciones colectivas, pactos o laudos arbitrales celebrados con anterioridad a la vigencia del Acto Legislativo solo podrán exigirse hasta el 31 de julio de 2010.
El porte de armas en la normativa federal de los estados unidos desde la perspectiva iusnaturalista
Authors: Arismendy Ramírez María Stella
Published: June 2023

Este artículo de reflexión tiene como objetivo analizar desde un estudio iusnaturalista el porte de armas en la normativa federal de los Estados Unidos. Esto en la medida que actualmente se han generado controversias suscitadas a raíz de la legislación existente en la cual la Corte Suprema ha salvaguardado y reafirmado el derecho a la defensa. Toda vez que, este derecho se ha convertido en un resguardo a la propiedad y bienes privados es por ello que, su protección contenida en la segunda y decimocuarta enmienda de la constitución lugar a un uso indiscriminado por falta de regulación, afectando en tal medida derechos inherentes a toda persona como lo son el derecho a la vida y la dignidad humana.
La responsabilidad del estado frente a los derechos humanos en el escenario de una neolegitimación desde los escenarios digitales en el marco del posconflicto
Authors: Romano Burgos Francisco , Echeverria Acuña Mario Armando
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad plantearle al Estado Colombiano la importancia de la mediación jurídica para absorber las tensiones de una sociedad compleja, y la acción convergente de las respuestas institucionales a los conflictos sociales del país como garantía y protección de los Derechos Humanos. El análisis y comprensión de la tensión entre el acuerdo de paz y la justicia en el escenario de postconflicto después de firmado el acuerdo en 2016 es un elemento esencial de recuperación y fortalecimiento institucional legitimador que requiere Colombia frente a todos los ciudadanos y especialmente las víctimas del conflicto armado. Así, describiremos la Responsabilidad del Estado en el postconflicto, caracterizaremos el Estado de Democracia deliberativa en Habermas y analizaremos las acciones que requiere el Estado Colombia para legitimarse frente a la problemática política y social en el postconflicto.
El poder judicial en Colombia y la responsabilidad patrimonial del estado por la mora judicial durante la cuarentena por pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Ramírez Llerena Elizabeth , Benítez Izquierdo Martha , Rojas Leyva Francisco
Published: June 2023

El ejercicio del poder jurisdiccional en Colombia, se caracteriza por su complejidad, por la pluralidad de las vías judiciales a través de las que se puede ejercitar el acceso a la justicia, tales como la vía penal, laboral, civil, administrativa, etc.; ya que se observa el mantenimiento a lo largo de la historia de ciertas pautas comunes a las mismas vías judiciales, que resulta interesante analizar, aunque sea brevemente, de allí que el objetivo de esta indagación reside, en establecer si al Estado colombiano le incumbe alguna responsabilidad patrimonial por la mora judicial durante la cuarentena por pandemia de COVID – 19. La metodología empleada fue la de la investigación Socio jurídica y aplicada para el derecho, también es cuantitativa porque se efectuó un análisis estadístico que permitió indagar la percepción de los usuarios de la justicia en Cartagena, sobre si al Estado colombiano le incumbe alguna responsabilidad patrimonial por la mora judicial durante la cuarentena por pandemia de COVID – 19; las técnicas de recolección de la información son la encuesta y la ficha bibliográfica y las técnicas de análisis fueron el análisis estadístico y el de contenido. hallamos que todas las actividades estatales desarrolladas en las ramas del poder público y demás organismos del Estado, pueden generar responsabilidad patrimonial, ya que quienes realizan esas diligencias causan perjuicios a los administrados, sobre todo si se presenta una mora judicial lo cual debe ser reparada, inclusive en tiempos de pandemia por COVID – 19, en que la justicia se realiza con el trabajo remoto en casa, asistida por herramientas tecnológicas, que permitan audiencias virtuales y conferencias vía streaming y notificaciones por correo electrónico, entre otras.
Institucionalizar la memoria, enseñar el amor a la patria: la Academia de la Historia de Cartagena y la construcción del pasado, 1911-1930
Authors: Arrieta Cerro Aida
Published: June 2023

En 1911, en el marco del primer centenario de la Independencia de Cartagena, se creó un centro de historia como filial de la Academia Nacional de Historia. En este artículo, teniendo en cuenta el papel de estas academias como modeladoras del pasado, estudiamos el papel desempeñado por la Academia de la Historia de Cartagena en la construcción de una memoria local y el tipo de pasado histórico que ayudó a configurar entre 1911 y 1930.  A través de una revisión sistemática de su principal publicación (Boletín Historial), junto a la revisión de prensa que circuló en Cartagena durante el período en estudio, mostramos que- a través de la reproducción de documentos históricos- contribuyó a difundir y cimentar una memoria histórica local y nacional. La publicación de artículos –centrados principalmente en héroes, grandes batallas y conmemoración de fechas fundacionales- fueron centrales en la reconstrucción de un pasado heroico y en la difusión de sucesos a través de los cuales se buscó fortalecer el amor por la patria.
Cartas y escrituras en la Nueva Granada. Desafíos, agentes y estrategias del entramado postal en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Moreno Cabanillas Rocío
Published: June 2023

Este artículo analiza el entramado postal de la Nueva Granada durante la época colonial, centrándose en el siglo XVIII, mostrando las dificultades y contrastes de la circulación de la información a nivel local y regional enmarcado en un sistema postal imperial. A través del estudio de fuentes documentales españolas y colombianas, y la revisión de bibliografía sobre la historia postal hispanoamericana, la historia de América Colonial y las reformas borbónicas se examina la aplicación y el impacto de los proyectos postales en el espacio neogranadino. En el marco de los estudios sobre circulación de la información y agentes, esta investigación reflexiona sobre la participación de distintos actores que extendían sus propias estrategias de circulación de la información con el objetivo de establecer parámetros y articular prioridades en torno al uso socioeconómico y político-cultural del correo durante el reformismo borbónico. Este artículo demuestra cómo el entramado postal neogranadino constituyó un nodo en el que se articulaban intereses, información, ideas, y objetos a través de redes dinámicas de poder que creaban complejas relaciones comunicacionales flexibles y moldeables.
Entre la representación mercantil y los conflictos jurisdiccionales: El Tribunal de Comercio de Cartagena de Indias en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII
Authors: Pinzón Narváez Meliza Vanesa
Published: June 2023

La supresión del sistema de flotas y galeones de Tierra Firme por la instauración de navíos de registro y barcos sueltos provocó múltiples diferencias jurisdiccionales entre la justicia gaditana impartida por su Consulado, y los tribunales ordinarios de Cartagena de Indias, lo cual se representó en enfrentamientos entre los comerciantes vecinos y residentes. En este sentido, este artículo analiza la dinámica entre los comerciantes vecinos/residentes y su relación con la justicia ordinaria como resultado de las diferencias jurisdiccionales entre el Consulado de Cádiz y la administración local de Cartagena de Indias y su incidencia en la creación del Tribunal de Comercio en 1760, a partir de la revisión de dos estudios de caso. Para ello, se tendrá en cuenta documentación primaria conservada en los fondos de Consulados del Archivo General de la Nación. El texto estudia los antecedentes y los distintos escenarios que propiciaron canales de negociación entre estos comerciantes, la justicia ordinaria y el poder real en sus deseos de contar con una institución mercantil con carácter privativo independiente del accionar del Consulado de Cádiz, con lo cual se exponen los intereses de los grupos mercantiles y las redes que tejieron.
Design and implementation of a treatment plant for the disposal of wastewater from portable toilets
Authors: Núñez Sebastián , Zuluaga-Hernández Edison Albert , Teran Natalia , Puello Juliana , Ramírez Laura , Bossa Luis
Published: June 2023

Characterization of wastewater from portable toilets show parameters values (i.e., Chemical Oxygen Demand COD and total suspended solids TSS) that exceed the limits stablished by environmental regulations. This means that a prior treatment of these effluents is mandatory. This paper describes the design and construction of a plant for the treatment of wastewater from portable toilets, in a coastal city with dry/humid tropical weather conditions. The plant has a capacity for the treatment of 2.2 m3 of wastewater every two days. The batch process for the treatment of wastewater from portable toilets consists of primary treatment (screening and sedimentation), secondary treatment (biological activated sludge) and tertiary treatment (disinfection by chlorination, and filtration with activated carbon and gravel filters), in order to eliminate the chemical disintegrator of organic matter, the blue color, bacteria and odors, and to meet the limit values in discharges at surface water bodies and public sewerage system. Cleaner production strategies were also implemented to improve the sustainability of the process, such as the use of recycled material (i.e. the empty containers of agents for organic material disintegration), use of unevennes in the land to decrease energy consumption, use of equipment (tanks and filters) from disused production units and substitution of the toilet disinfectant (which was formaldehyde based disintegrator), for a biodegradable and non-toxic glutaraldehyde-based disinfectant, considering the environmental commitment involved in wastewater treatment processes. The characterization of the treated water from the plant showed that it can be discharged into the sewer. A characterization of the microbia present in the bioreactor is suggested for future research and optimization of the wastewater treatment plant, since the inoculum identified in the process will be a potential adjuvant in other processes for organic material degradation such as septic tanks and wastewater treatment plants located in similar climatic conditions.
Procesos avanzados de oxidación usando peróxido de hidrogeno activado con diferentes catalizadores para tratamiento de lixiviado de relleno sanitarios
Authors: Cadavid Salazar Angie Stephanie , Rivera Vergara Jeinner Giosephy , Becerra Moreno Dorance
Published: June 2023

La mayor complicación ambiental que presenta la disposición final de los residuos sólidos urbanos es como se desarrolle el método que se use; como es el caso de los rellenos sanitarios, cuya problemática radica en la excesiva producción de lixiviado los cuales son producidos por la degradación de los desechos y factores ambientales. En los últimos años los PAOs, se han convertido en una opción viable como tratamiento y se destacan debido a sus ventajas en la eficiencia de oxidación, velocidades de reacción rápidas y oxidación completa. No obstante tratamientos como peroxono necesita grandes cantidades de químicos para producir el aumento necesario de  OH, lo cual hace que este proceso no sea económicamente tan viable; a diferencia del proceso Fenton, el cual en condiciones ambientales es una técnica muy eficiente. Con relación a los procesos Fenton y Photo-Fenton, los estudios demuestran que este último produce menos cantidad de lodos, consume menos hierro y la disminución de la DQO es más eficiente. Este artículo presenta los PAOs, basados en peróxido de hidrogeno donde se estudió la eficacia de estos tratamientos aplicados a lixiviados.
Reactores UASB como técnica para el tratamiento de contaminantes de aguas residuales y lixiviados
Authors: Becerra Moreno Dorance , Correa Jaimes Daniel , Moreno Ochoa Yesica
Published: June 2023

Este artículo de revisión de literatura, intenta explicar la importancia que tienen los tratamientos biológicos como medida para tratar los lixiviados que proceden de los rellenos sanitarios o aguas contaminadas de carácter doméstico o industrial, exponiendo la razón costo/beneficio que provee, como la importancia que tiene el arranque del reactor en los futuros procesos, como la estabilización del mismo y la evaluación de la remoción de materia Orgánica y sólidos suspendidos totales de los lixiviados bajo tratamiento, donde las variables de control de los sustratos son: DQO, COT, SST y SSV.
Modelización integral del proceso de desinfección solar de agua: Descripción del viaje del fotón desde el sol hasta el patógeno y del sistema de reacciones mecanísticas de inactivación
Authors: García-Gil Ángela , Marugán Javier
Published: June 2023

La falta de agua potable en regiones de bajos recursos sigue siendo un desafío hoy en día. Existen tratamientos de agua alternativos que son aptos para ejecutarlos de forma doméstica. Sin embargo, estos procesos siguen teniendo limitaciones que, al fin y al cabo, repercuten en la eficacia del proceso. La desinfección solar de agua o proceso SODIS es uno de estos tratamientos de agua domésticos, cuyo procedimiento estandarizado peca por ser ineficaz en la inactivación de virus y protozoos (al utilizar botellas de PET que corta la transmisión de radiación UVB), tener alto riesgo de recontaminación (al tener que utilizar numerosas botellas de tan solo 2 L) y por ser ineficiente en la producción de agua potable (al recomendar como mínimo 6 horas de exposición solar cuando en muchos casos este tiempo está sobreestimado). El desarrollo de modelos cinéticos que consideren de forma íntegra y rigurosa la influencia de todas las variables que intervienen en el proceso es esencial para optimizar los tiempos de exposición solar y maximizar la producción de agua potable. Este trabajo propone una metodología para la modelización integral del proceso de desinfección de agua teniendo en cuenta el transporte de la radiación desde el sol hasta el patógeno (y su atenuación por la atmósfera, el material del recipiente y la composición del agua) y de las reacciones mecanísticas de inactivación de diferentes patógenos (virus, protozoos y bacterias). Además, esta modelización contempla la ejecución del proceso SODIS en recipientes de alta capacidad, así como el empleo de materiales más adecuados para la fabricación de los recipientes SODIS.
The Effect of Nostalgia Marketing on Consumers' Purchase Intention
Authors: Adil Mahmood Alkhafagi Yasir
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of nostalgia marketing on consumers’ purchase intention and demographic factors. Nostalgia marketing is one of the marketing ideas that some organizations use it to attract customers by evoking memories or heritage in their minds. This method would affect the emotions and feelings of people, which may raise their desire to buy. The questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection, and it was distributed to a random sample of 512 individuals. A sample is a group of individuals who have seen small sculptures displayed in shops inside Babylon Mall in Baghdad. The small sculptures show the life of Baghdadis in the fifties and sixties of the last century. Statistical software was used for data analysis. The critical result of research indicates that there is a positive effect of nostalgia marketing on consumers’ purchase intention.
Effect of Public Debt on The Trade Balance in Iraq For The Period (2003-2021)
Authors: Sheeaa Marie Burhan , Shaker Moslem Hamdya
Published: June 2023

Despite the significant increase in public spending in Iraq, it was not directed toward the important sectors that have an important role in correcting the productive structure. Rather, most of the public expenditure was going to cover the required imports, or to face shocks, whether security or health, and this caused a continuous decrease in the volume of Iraq's exports of goods and services, as the aim of the study was to review the importance of public debt and its impact on the trade balance, as well as to know the economic policies that can contribute to strengthening the trade balance, as the study proved through the (ARDL) model that there is a direct relationship between the domestic debt and the net trade balance, and an inverse relationship with regard to the external debt and the trade balance, as an increase in the external debt by one unit leads to a decrease in the net trade balance, and the study came out With several recommendations, the most important of which is directing public debt funds, whether domestic or external, to build and expand productive capacity. That borrowing be only for public investment, not consumption. As well as supporting the private sector as the main engine of productive sectors.
The Viability of Islamic Estate Planning in Malaysian Muslim Market: A Bibliometric Analysis Indexed by Scopus from 2015 to 2021
Authors: Abdullah Muhamad Mu'izz , Nasir Naimah Mohamad , Habidin Nurul Fadly
Published: June 2023

The growing number of published articles indexed in a database such as Scopus suggests the increasing number of high-quality research and current interests that are relevant to a particular discourse. However, bibliometric studies identified that the pattern of journal articles published on Islamic estate planning in relation to Malaysian Muslim market in the Scopus database are still limited and given less attention. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the pattern of the published articles that have been indexed by Scopus specifically on Islamic estate planning instruments such as waqf, takaful, Islamic inheritance (farāid), gifts, trust, and will. This article is based on bibliometric analysis and focuses on all Islamic estate planning instruments in Islam. The data obtained from the Scopus database are then analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti 8 and VOSviewer software. The bibliometric analysis found 397 publications from Malaysia, which encompass articles, proceedings, book chapters, and book series. Nonetheless, there are only 324 relevant articles that had been analysed to establish the theme of the study. Meanwhile, the waqf instrument has become the most popular topic debated among researchers from Malaysia. All the articles are obtained from the Scopus database only by using keywords related to the instruments of Islamic estate planning. This study only focuses on Malaysian affiliates for 7 years, from 2015 to 2021. Therefore, more studies need to be done with any other indexing and high-quality research databases such as Web of Science (WoS) and related Islamic estate planning and marketing articles to achieve a better and more comprehensive analysis of research publications. In conclusion, this study provides a better information thematically through the frequency of publication by instruments, frequency of publication year, number of authors, language, publication format, list of journals, affiliation, and types of collaboration. This guideline is useful for researchers carrying out research on Islamic estate planning in the realm of Islamic marketing indexed in Scopus. In fact, the important result of this study will provide insightful bibliometric analysis and assist in identifying current interest in Islamic estate planning instruments with special reference to the Malaysian Muslim consumers' context.
The Hermeneutics of Conversion: Apostrophe, Reader Engagement, and the Medusa-Beatrice Binary
Authors: Kelly Deana Basile
Published: June 2023

This essay traces the parallels between Vita nuova 19 and the impasse at the gate of the City of Dis in Inferno in order to propose Medusa and Beatrice as diametrically opposed figures. Whereas Beatrice activates the intellect and catalyzes internal reflection and conversion, Medusa deactivates the intellect and obstructs reflection and conversion. Moreover, contextualizing the Medusa figure within the wider approach to the gate in Inferno 8 and 9 reveals the figure to be linked to the forging of the poet’s novel apostrophic mode of reader engagement inaugurated in those cantos. Dante weaves into both of these episodes a philosophical / theological discourse of light and darkness, drawing upon Aristotelian sources filtered through Guido Guinizzelli, as well as the Pauline dialectic of light and darkness in 2 Corinthians. Moreover, Dante the poet unfolds the Medusa / Beatrice binary alongside his development of his novel apostrophic mode, thus laying out the parallel actions of viewer and reader, both of which depend upon healthy intellects capable of absorbing and reflecting divine light in a way that brings about conversion.
La dimensione cooperativa e collaborativa nell’insegnamento dell’italiano L1/L2/LS in Italia e in Svizzera. Un’indagine esplorativa sulle pratiche didattiche
Authors: Nitti Paolo , Ballarin Elena , Grosso Micaela , Gian Silvia
Published: June 2023

L'articolo presenta i risultati di uno studio esplorativo condotto in collaborazione con il personale docente in Italia e in Svizzera sul tema della percezione della dimensione cooperativa e di quella collaborativa nell’insegnamento dell’italiano. L’articolo dapprima inquadra la cooperazione e la collaborazione nel contesto della glottodidattica, e poi presenta le specificità del campione e dello strumento di ricerca. Segue l’analisi dei dati, che porta a una serie di riflessioni e di analisi operative per l’educazione linguistica.
Simulación empresarial como herramienta para la toma de decisiones en las organizaciones
Authors: Naranjo Villafuerte Gonzalo Sebastián , Gallardo Medina Washington Marcelo
Published: June 2023

Introducción: La investigación se realizó tomando en consideración el análisis de los simuladores en la educación superior y su aplicación como practica real de las asignaturas aplicadas, como modelos estratégicos en la educación, que sirven para la toma de decisiones en las organizaciones. Objetivos: Analizar la aplicabilidad de la simulación empresarial como herramienta en la organización. Metodología: La investigación se realizó con método de descripción, para analizar la planificación de la investigación realizada, la utilización de las redes sociales para verificar de las instituciones educativas que aplican simulaciones empresariales de cada parte de las variables relacionadas con el desarrollo de un proyecto de investigación, con investigación documental, de campo, Análisis-síntesis, Inducción-deducción, Histórico-lógico. Resultados: De las investigaciones analizadas se desprende las siguientes inquietudes ¿Qué conocimientos teóricos ha aplicado en los simuladores de negocios?, ¿Qué competencias ha desarrollado a través del uso de simuladores de negocios?, ¿Usted ha tenido inconvenientes en utilizar simuladores de negocios?, ¿Qué inconvenientes tuvo en su experiencia con el simulador de negocios. La sistematización de las experiencias, permiten asegurar que el uso de los simuladores no se encuentra debidamente instrumentados dentro de las instituciones donde se desarrolló la indagatoria situacional. Conclusiones: La investigación realizada se desprende que la aplicación de los simuladores empresariales como herramienta en la toma de decisiones en las organizaciones, es muy importante para poder analizar las ventajas competitivas. Existen diferentes métodos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se brindan a los estudiantes para prepararlos profesionalmente como; el tradicional (prácticas preprofesionales), vinculación con la sociedad, casos de estudio (propuestas de solución) y simuladores de empresariales, es estrategia innovadora que ha permitido combinar la teoría con la práctica de forma inmediata.