bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do I still like myself? Human-robot collaboration entails emotional consequences
Authors: Weis Patrick P. , Herbert Cornelia
Published: April 2021

Investigating emotional processes has been vital for understanding human-human interaction. Spe-cifically, emotional concepts of oneself and interaction partners shape interaction style and are associated with mental health and cognitive performance. Whether these concepts are equally relevant in human-robot interaction (HRI) has not been investigated. Here, we measured emotional concepts before and after collaboration with a telepresent robot described as (a) able, (b) unable to experience emotions, or (c) autonomous without reference to emotions, compared to a (d) control condition without human-robot collaboration. Emotional concepts were measured with the affective His-Mine-Paradigm (aHMP) in which participants were asked to affectively evaluate pronoun-noun-pairs related to themselves (e.g., “my victory”) or the robot (e.g., “its victory”). Results indicated that (1) the aHMP can be validly used in HRI contexts, (2) emotional self-concept got less positive after interacting with “emotionless” robots, and emotional robot-concept got more positive after interacting with (3) “autonomous” or (4) “emotional” robots. Results suggest that beliefs about and interactions with telepresent robots can change emotional concepts which themselves are associated with well-being, performance, and interaction style. In sum, we report emotional consequences of HRI and argue that such consequences should receive more attention in future research and HRI design.
Tindakan etis terhadap hospitalitas kristen
Authors: Asrianto
Published: April 2021

Pada akhir tahun2019 dunia global dihebohkan dengan munculnya pandemi yang disebabkan oleh Virus Corona 2019 ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi dunia global akan penyebaran yang cepat dan mematikan. Indonesia juga salah satu negara yang terkena kasus Covid-19 dan tanggal 19 Maret 2020 sudah 309 kasus positif dan masih terus bertambah. Pemerintah mendorong kebijakan sosial distancing untuk mengurangi publisitas guna meminimalisir perkembangan Covid-19. Rekomendasi ini di respon masyarakat Indonesia, namun ada yang melakukan panic buying,penganiayaan terhadap petugas kesehatan yang kemungkinan terpapar Covid-19 dan kasus lain yang menunjukkan hilangnya harapan umat kristian di tengah pandemicivid-19. Penelitian in menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan penelitian teologi dan penelitian deskriptif sosial. Hasil penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga pokok, yaitu: pertama, agama Kristen tidak boleh kehilangan empati sebagai sikap pengharapan umat Kristiani dalam setiap kehidupannya. Kedua, sikap hospitalitas harus melihat konteks secara etis, yaitu konteks penyebaran covid-19. Ketiga, keberpihakan umat Kristiani memiliki resiko dan dampak berupa implementasinya di tengah pandemi Covid-19.Kata Kunci : Keputusan Etis, Hospitalitas, Kristen, Covid-19
FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK: Studi Relokasi Pasar
Authors: Alaslan Amtai
Published: April 2021

SINOPSISKebijakan Publik tidakalah mudah untuk dipahami seperti yang kita bayangkan, selain kompleksitas subyek kebijakannya, juga menyangkut kepentingaan pemangku kebijakan itu sendiri yang mempunyai rasionalisasi dan logika tersendiri dalam proses Formulasi Kebijakan. Oleh karenanya Kebijakan Publik tidak hanya dipahami sebagai sebuah konsep intervensi pemerintah terhadap persoalan publik tetapi harus dipahami sebagai proses interaksi sosial yang memungkinkan tersalurnya mekanisme pembangunan konsensus antara kepentingan pemerintah dan masyarakat. Aktualisasi kebijakan ini merupakan upaya untuk mengubah secara substansial dan fundamental pola hubungan politiknya agar semakin bercorak egaliter yang memungkinkan terjadinya partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses formulasi kebijakan publik itu sendiri sehingga terbangunnya keselarasan dan kompromi bersama dalam menyelesaikan persoalan yang dihadapi tersebut.Buku ini membahas beberapa Konsep, Teori, Model dan Pendekatan secara mendalam tidak hanya menyangkut level decision making pemerintah, namun terdapat proses administratif, intervensi dan bentuk interaksi antara pemerintah dan masyarakat, disertai dengan contoh kasus Relokasi Pasar yang sangat berbeda dengan kasus-kasus relokasi pasar di daerah lain pada umumnya yang cenderung menimbulkan konflik dalam proses perumusan kebijakannya.Dengan hadirnya buku ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan, setidaknya menambah pengetahuan bagi mahasiswa, akademisi, aktivis dan para perumus kebijakan serta masyarakat pada umumnya untuk mendorong keterlibatan yang lebih besar lagi terhadap proses perumusan kebijakan publik.
ACE-GCN: A Fast Data-driven FPGA Accelerator for GCN Embedding
Authors: Romero Hung José Leonardo
Published: April 2021

ACE-GCN is a fast and resource/energy-efficient FPGA accelerator for graph convolutional embedding underdata-driven and in-place processing conditions. Our accelerator exploits the inherent power law distributionand high sparsity commonly exhibited by real-world graphs datasets. Contrary to other hardware implemen-tations of GCN, on which traditional optimization techniques are employed to bypass the problem of datasetsparsity, our architecture is designed to take advantage of this very same situation. We propose and imple-ment an innovative acceleration approach supported by our “implicit-processing-by-association” concept, inconjunction with a dataset-customized convolutional operator. The computational relief and consequentialacceleration effect arise from the possibility of replacing rather complex convolutional operations for afaster embedding result estimation. Based on a computationally inexpensive and super-expedited similaritycalculation, our accelerator is able to decide from the automatic embedding estimation or the unavoidabledirect convolution operation. Evaluations demonstrate that our approach presents excellent applicability andcompetitive acceleration value. Depending on the dataset and efficiency level at the target, between 23×and4,930×PyG baseline, coming close to AWB-GCN by 46% to 81% on smaller datasets and noticeable surpassingAWB-GCN for larger datasets and with controllable accuracy loss levels. We further demonstrate the uniquehardware optimization characteristics of our approach and discuss its multi-processing potentiality.
Silk production: global scale and animal welfare issues
Authors: Rowe Abraham
Published: April 2021

At least 420 billion to 1 trillion silkworms are killed annually to produce silk. While only 61 billion to 170 billion of these worms die due to diseases and pests, diseases cause up to 99% of the cumulative days of potentially negative experiences I identified on farms, (with the remaining 1% caused by slaughter). This suggests that research to inform the prioritization of the silk industry for animal advocates ought to focus on the sentience of silkworms, not pupating silk moths, as has usually been assumed. Campaigns to ban silk or stop its sale at retail locations are plausibly the most promising avenue for animal advocates to reduce silk production, therefore reducing the days of potentially negative experiences caused by diseases on silk farms. Developing and promoting alternative silks may also be promising as an intervention. I think that while there are promising interventions to reduce the suffering of silkworms, marginal resources in the insect space might be better spent in other areas, such as reducing the painfulness of pesticides, reducing the number of insects farmed for animal feed, and reducing the harms of cochineal farming. That being said, given the scale of silk farming, advocacy on this issue could plausibly be highly cost-effective when compared on a species-neutral basis to interventions to reduce vertebrate farmed animal suffering.
Peer Review jurnal AACL 2017
Authors: Steven Mitha
Published: April 2021

Salinity and calcium affect the osmoregulation activity. In the optimum salinity and calciumconditions, the energy for osmoregulation will be minimal thus allowing for more available energyportion for growth. This study aimed to determine the values of optimum salinity and the optimum calcium content range at optimum salinity which can improve the survival and growth of Indonesianshortfin eel Anguilla bicolor. This research was conducted in two stages: determination of optimum salinity which was done for seven days and determination of optimum calcium content range atoptimum salinity which was carried out for 14 days. The research design used was complete randomized design (CRD)
Inovasi Pendidikan
Authors: Haq Elsa Alfitriyani
Published: April 2021

Inovasi pendidikan sangat diperlukan dalam menyambut era global seperti saat iniinovasi pendidikan adalah suatu ide atau metode yang dirasakan sebagai hal yang baru dan digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan atau untuk memecahkan masalah pendidikan. hal ini akan lebih mudah dalam penerapan inovasi pendidikan, karena setiap instansi sekolah akan mengikuti setiap arahan dan keputusan dari pemerintah pusat.Pelaksanaaan inovasi pendidikan seperti inovasi kurikulum tidak dapat dipisahkan dari inovator dan pelaksana inovasi itu sendiri. Inovasi pendidikan seperti yang dilakukan di Depdiknas yang disponsori oleh lembaga-lembaga asing cenderung merupakan "Top- Down Inovation". Inovasi ini sengaja diciptakan oleh atasan sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan atau pemerataan kesempatan untuk memperoleh pendidikan.
HOSPITALITAS KRISTEN DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Enjhela Dewi Yermawati
Published: April 2021

AbstractIndonesia is one of the countries that has also been affected by the corona virus or covid-19 which originated from China, to be precise in the city of Wuhan. In early 2020 the corona virus or covid-19 began to enter the country of Indonesia. The corona virus has had a huge impact on the lives of Indonesian people, both positive and negative impacts. Communities affected by covid-19 are increasing day after day, but now to be precise in 2021 the increase in covid-19 infections is not as fast as 2020. And the impact is slowly being controlled by both the government and most Indonesians. The Indonesian people are now able to adjust to life in the midst of this Covid-19 pandemic, even the hospitality that faded at the beginning of Covid-19 entering Indonesia is now starting to slowly be shown by the Indonesian people. This paper aims to provide information about Covid-19 in Indonesia and the Christian hospitality that should be practiced by the Indonesian people, especially believers or Christians. This research uses a qualitative approach with theological research type and social descriptive research
PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENURUNAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PADA REMAJA SELAMA LOCKDOWN
Authors: Sibarani Inayah Husna
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 merupakan suatu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona baru bernama Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARSCOV-2) yang menular sangat cepat dan sampai saat ini belum juga ditemukannya vaksin sehingga diberlakukannya pembatasan aktivitas di luar ruangan. Hal ini menyebabkan menurunnya aktivitas fisik seseorang. Aktivitas fisik yang rendah merupakan faktor resiko berbagai penyakit penyerta seperti obesitas, diabetes, hipertensi, dan kondisi jantung serius yang membuat kita lebih rentan terhadap penyakit COVID-19 yang parah. (Nurhadi & Fatahillah, 2020)
Hospitalitas Kristen dan hubungannnya dengan implementasi new normal pada masa pandemi virus Corona/covid19
Authors: Saranga' Septiani Ma'tang
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acuate Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARSCoV-2). Coronavirus dapat menyerang manusia dan hewan. Pada manusia Coronavirus menyebakan infeksi pernasapasan, infeksi pernapasan yang terjadi bisa flu hingga penyakit serius seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MERS) dan Severe Acuate Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Covid-19 oleh WHO dinyatakan sebagai Pandemi dan menyebabkan perubahan dalam tatanan kehidupan manusia. Perubahan tatanan kehidupan yang disebabkan oleh pandemi membuat masyarakat harus beradaptasi dalam menjalankan perubahan pola perilaku yang baru, dan menerapkan pola hidup kenormalan baru tersebut. Edukasi kenormalan baru atau new normal merupakan sebuah edukasi yang diberikan pemerintah, gereja, individu, maupun kelompok kepada masyarakat umum terkait dengan new normal itu sendiri. Tujuan adanya edukasi new normal ini yaitu dapat memberikan informasi yang baik dan relevan dari pemerintah terkait dengan new normal, seperti memberikan informasi mengenai kebijakan new normal dan informasi perlengkapan yang wajib dibawa saat beraktivitas diluar rumah, serta informasi mengenai protokol di era new normal. Hopitalitas Kristen harus tetap dilakukan karena setiap manusia membutuhkan manusia yang lainnya, dan dalam hal ini peran gereja sangat dibutuhkan dalam mendukung peraturan pemerintah mengenai new normal, dan peran gereja tersebut harus dibuktikan dengan tindakan nyata.
The Effect of Ti on Ca-pv and Mg-pv phase stability
Authors: Muir Joshua , Zhang Feiwu
Published: April 2021

Magnesium silicate perovskite in the form of bridgmanite (bdg) and Calcium silicate perovskite (Ca-pv) have similar chemical structures and may mix into a single perovskite phase in the lower mantle which would have profound effects on many seismic properties. While we have previously found that this is unlikely to occur in pure bdg and ca-pv in this paper we examine whether phase mixing can be induced by Titanium. We predict that even small amounts of Ti can cause significant increases in mixing of the two phases. Miscibility of the phases has a strong dependence upon how Ti is partitioned between the two phases before mixing and thus the source and history of introduced Ti is important in determining miscibility. We predict basalts, even those with heavy Ti enrichment (10%), will not form a single phase in subducted slabs as their mixing temperatures remain above 2500 K for most compositions throughout lower mantle pressures. In pyrolytic mantle it is predicted that at shallow depths large amounts of Ti are needed to induce phase mixing (~40% Ti at 25 GPa and geotherm temperatures) but less Ti is needed to induce mixing with depth (~1% Ti at 125 GPa and geotherm temperatures). Thus we predict that enriched Ti regions will see perovskite mixing near the bottom of the lower mantle. These mixed perovskite regions partition Ti out of unmixed regions and thus provide a mechanism for Ti enriched regions to form in the deep lower mantle. Both ferrous iron and the Ca:Mg ratio are predicted to have a larger control on the mixing temperature of pyrolytic systems than Ti, however. For Ti and Ca rich pyroxene megacrysts we find that they should become a single phase along a lower mantle geotherm at around 40-115 GPa depending heavily upon Ti and Ca concentration.
Subdivide and Conquer: Adapting Non-manifold Subdivision Surfaces to Surface-Based Representation and Reconstruction of Complex Geological Structures
Authors: Moulaeifard s.Mohammad , Wellmann Florian , de la Varga Miguel , Bommes David
Published: April 2021

Methods from the field of Computer Graphics are the foundation for the representation of geological structures in the form of geological models. However, as many of these methods have been developed for other types of applications, some of the requirements for the representation of geological features may not be considered and the capacities and limitations of different algorithms are not always evident. In this work, we, therefore, review surface-based geological modelling methods from both a geological and computer graphics perspective. Specifically, we investigate the use of NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) and subdivision surfaces, as two main parametric surface-based modelling methods, and compare the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Although NURBS surfaces have been used in geological modelling, subdivision surfaces as a standard method in the animation and gaming industries have so far received little attention – even if subdivision surfaces support arbitrary topologies and watertight modelling, two aspects that make them an appealing choice for complex geological modelling. Watertight modelling is a type of modelling in which the surfaces of the model have sealed interactions with all surrounding surfaces, resulting in the generation of closed volumes. Watertight models are, therefore, an important basis for subsequent process simulations based on these models.Many complex geological structures require a combination of smooth and sharp edges. Investigating subdivision schemes with semi-sharp creases is therefore an important part of this paper, as semi-sharp creases characterize the resistance of a mesh structure to the subdivision procedure. Moreover, non-manifold topologies, as a challenging concept in complex geological and reservoir modelling, are explored, and the subdivision surface method, which is compatible with non-manifold topology is described. Finally, solving inverse problems by fitting the smooth surfaces to complex geological structures is investigated with a case study. The fitted surfaces are watertight, controllable with control points, and topologically similar to the main geological structure. Also, the fitted model can reduce the cost of modelling and simulation by using a reduced number of vertices in comparison to the complex geological structure.
Ubiquitous bias & false discovery due to model misspecification in analysis of statistical interactions: The role of the outcome's distribution and metric properties
Authors: Domingue Benjamin , Kanopka Klint , Trejo Sam , Rhemtulla Mijke , Tucker-Drob Elliot M.
Published: April 2021

Lived experience suggests substantial heterogeneity in how people react to a common stimuli. Previous work has considered several potential sources of bias and confusion in studying interactions but less attention has been devoted to the nature of the outcome variable in such studies. Here, we consider bias and false discovery associated with estimates of interaction parameters as a function of the distributional and metric properties of the outcome. Focusing on a variety of models for non-continuously distributed outcomes (binary and count outcomes), we show that attempts to use the linear model for recovery lead to catastrophic levels of bias and false discovery. Focusing on transformations of normally distributed variables (i.e., censoring and departures from interval scaling), we show that linear models again produce spurious interaction effects when such interactions are absent from the generating model. We provide explanations offering geometric and algebraic intuition as to why interactions can be a challenge for these incorrectly specified models. In light of these findings, we make two specific suggestions. First, a careful consideration of the outcome's distributional properties should be a standard component of interaction studies. Second, researchers should approach research focusing on interactions with heightened levels of scrutiny.
Interrelationships between Parenting Styles, Daily-life Social Experiences and Psychopathology in Adolescence
Authors: Achterhof Robin , Kirtley Olivia J , Schneider Maude , Lafit Ginette , Hagemann Noëmi , Hermans Karlijn Susanna Francisca Maria , Hiekkaranta Anu Pauliina , Lecei Aleksandra , Myin-Germeys Inez
Published: April 2021

Adolescence is a vulnerable period for psychopathology development, and certain parenting styles are consistent and robust predictors of a broad range of mental health outcomes. The mechanisms through which maladaptive parenting styles affect the development of psychopathology are assumed to be largely social in nature. Yet, the social mechanisms linking parenting to psychopathology are unexplored at arguably the most important level of functioning: daily life. This study aims to identify the associations between three parenting styles, and the experience of daily-life social interactions. Furthermore, we aim to explore the extent to which these parenting styles and altered daily-life social experiences are associated with psychopathology. In this study, we recruited a sample of N = 1913 adolescents (63.3% girls; mean age = 13.7, age range = 11 to 20) as part of the first wave of the longitudinal cohort study ‘SIGMA’. Parenting styles (psychological control, responsiveness, and autonomy support) and psychopathology symptoms were assessed using a retrospective questionnaire battery. The experienced quality of social interactions in different types of company was assessed using the experience sampling method, ten times per day for six days.Direct associations between parenting styles and general quality of daily-life social experiences were tested using a three-level linear model, revealing significant associations between social experiences and different parenting styles. When interaction effects were added to this model, we found that maternal responsiveness and paternal psychological control mainly related to altered qualities of social interactions with parents, while paternal autonomy support was associated with better experiences of non-family social interactions. Finally, an exploratory path analysis highlighted how both paternal autonomy support and altered quality of non-family interactions are uniquely associated with psychopathology levels.These findings demonstrate the general and pervasive effects of maladaptive parenting styles, as parenting seems to broadly affect adolescents’ interactions with different types of social partners in everyday life. Moreover, they illustrate a potential mediated relationship in which altered daily-life social interactions could drive the development of psychopathology. A stronger focus may be required on the role of altered day-to-day social experiences in the prevention and potentially, the treatment, of adolescent psychopathology.
The expanding backlog of mental health patients: Time for a major rethink in COVID-19 policy
Authors: Cardno Samantha J , Sahraie Arash
Published: April 2021

●Prior to the pandemic there was a 4-5% annual rise in the number of mental health related GP referrals in Scotland.●There was a 27% drop in referrals in 2020, affecting 43,522 patients.●Previous pandemic related research shows that restrictions imposed to curb infections led to higher incidence of mental health problems and therefore it is likely that the true figure of those in need of referral far exceeds this figure. ●If the mental health services are restored to their pre-pandemic levels, the tens of thousands of patients who have not been referred yet, will face years on waiting lists before specialist help can be provided. ●There is an urgent need to re-evaluate COVID imposed restrictions on the operations of NHS services to address the challenges.
Initial reflections on assessing paranoia in autism via the GPTS
Authors: Beattie Louise , Davidson Clara , Gumley Andrew Ian , Biello Stephany
Published: April 2021

Background: There are increasing concerns about poor mental health in autistic individuals, and social vigilance and threat perceptions (“paranoia”) may be one aspect of this.Methods: Autistic adults (N = 39) were recruited online. As a first step towards assessing paranoia in autism, we report item-level frequency data on one measure of paranoia (i.e. the Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale; GPTS).Results: Item-level data highlight items of particular relevance to this group, (e.g. “I have been upset by friends and colleagues judging me critically” and “I believed that certain people were not what they seemed”). These results suggest that the development of a questionnaire which can assess paranoia severity could be a useful asset.Conclusions: Further work is needed in order to provide validated assessment and effective treatments of paranoia in autism. Future studies should consider the nature and meaning of paranoia in this group, and its incorporation into mental health assessments.
Peacekeeping and the Enforcement of Intergroup Cooperation: Evidence from Mali
Authors: Nomikos William George
Published: April 2021

Despite the abundance of evidence that peacekeeping works, we know little about what actually makes peacekeepers effective. Recent work suggesting that local agendas are central to modern conflicts make this omission particularly problematic. The article demonstrates that the presence of peacekeepers makes individuals more optimistic about the risks of engagement and the likelihood that members of outgroups will reciprocate cooperation. I use data from a lab-in-the-field experiment conducted in Mali, a West African country with an active conflict managed by troops from France and the United Nations (UN), to show that UN peacekeepers increase the willingness of individuals to cooperate relative to control and French enforcers. Moreover, I find that UN peacekeepers are especially effective among those participants who hold other groups and institutions in low esteem as well as those who have more frequent contact with peacekeepers. Follow-up interviews and surveys suggest that perceptions of the UN as unbiased rather than other mechanisms account for its effectiveness.
Learning to Present in English: Exploring the Voices of Preparatory-Year Female Undergraduates in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Noura A.
Published: April 2021

This study examines how a group of students enrolled in preparatory year program at a Saudi university describe their experiences while engaging with a specific literacy event, i.e. oral presentations in an English as a Foreign Language classroom. It adopts a case study methodology that relies on qualitative data-collection techniques, including reflections written by female undergraduates, informal conversations with these undergraduates, observational fieldnotes of classroom activities and a research journal. Relying on a social understanding of literacy, collected data are thematically analysed to examine how students view their experiences in this academic literacy event. Three major themes are highlighted in this study in relation to students’ experiences with this event: topic choice, fear and anxiety and the gains and losses associated with learning to prepare and make short presentations in English. Discussion sheds light on the impact of these experiences on the identity positions that learners develop and negotiate to participate in this event. It also highlights some of the challenges that mediate students’ experiences in this event and how they recognize and address these challenges. The study draws attention to the need for more in-depth, qualitative research to examine academic literacy events in tertiary education in which learners’ voices are brought to light to explore the situated nature of learning and its impact on learners.
Doing Stylistic Versus Critical Stylistic: An Analysis of If by Rudyard Kipling
Authors: Al-Janabi Suadad Fadhil Kadhum , Al-Marsumi Nawar Hussein Rdhaiwi
Published: April 2021

This paper displays the ideological positioning as found in Rudyard Kipling’s poem If. It is a poem published in 1910. It presents the embedded ideologies and shows how the poet used the available linguistic resources to achieve his goal. The models of analysis adopted are Critical Stylistics as proposed by Lesley Jeffries (2010) and Stylistic Analysis as submitted by McIntyre (2010). The paper aims at identifying the poet’s beliefs to show that success is the outcome of self-control and a real sense of the values of things. It is a try to discover how the poet used various linguistic choices to build a message telling us how to deal with life confidently and identify a line of ideological positioning through Critical Stylistic strategies. The paper presents a theoretical background of the term stylistics and critical stylistics, explaining the adopted models; Analyzing the poem stylistically with a focus on critical stylistic regarding two tools: Representing and Negating for their dominant use in the poem and their effectiveness in interpreting the hidden ideologies. Stylistic devices are used because they steer the text to enable the writer to reach the intended goal. In conclusion, the paper displays that the poet uses the stylistic tools in a brilliant way that leads All, not only his son, to follow and consider it a moral lesson of life.
The Effect of Explicit Instruction of Requests on Saudi EFL learners using a pre-test, post-test Approach
Authors: Qari Israa A
Published: April 2021

The aim of the current study is to test whether explicit instruction of various L2 request forms can be a useful measure in developing Saudi learners’ linguistic and pragmatic competences. This study is based on the results obtained from a previous research investigating interlanguage requests. The findings in that study suggested that the second language learners were not aware of some of the request strategies which were exclusively employed by the British English native speakers. The aim and the question of this study is to find out whether explicit instruction of request strategies will be effective in helping Saudi EFL learners gain linguistic knowledge and achieve pragmatic appropriateness in making requests in L2. Thirty female foundation year students participated in this study. They were all EFL learners studying at King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The group underwent three phases of instruction: pre-test, instruction/intervention, and post-test. The first and last phases consisted of written questionnaires which were distributed right before and after the instruction phase. The results showed that in the third phase, the students demonstrated great progress in their understanding of request forms in L2. Their improvement was manifested by the learners’ acknowledgement of these forms as proper employment of request strategies in English, recognition of request function names, ability to assign correct functions to linguistic realizations and their overall understanding of the appropriate use of these forms dictated by the weightiness of different request situations.
Interventions to Improve a Practicum Course for EFL Teachers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alamoudi Khadija A.
Published: April 2021

Although the Teaching Practicum (TP) course makes a significant contribution in preparing teachers, it remains lacking in many essential aspects. To fill in the gaps regarding literature, this research paper was designed to explore the views of three Master of Art (MA) TESOL student-teachers on the advantages they gained and challenges they faced during their TP course at a Saudi university. Participants were interviewed, observed, and the two reflective assignments of the course were analyzed to find answers to the research questions. The research questions focused on the instructional benefits of the TP course and the interventions needed to enhance the effectiveness of the course. The findings revealed that the practical teaching component was the most helpful part of the course and the peer-observation report was the most appropriate evaluation method. Moreover, the study found that the limitedness of the teaching timeframe poses a significant challenge, and hence increasing the teaching practice time was the most significant change the participants suggested. Finally, the study recommends interventions that will help improve the quality of the TP course.
The Effectiveness of Internet and Mobile Applications in English Language Learning for Health Sciences’ Students in a University in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Mohamed Omnia Ibrahim
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the impact of internet and mobile applications on enhancing students’ language skills. It examines the students’ opinion regarding English online learning using the different internet or mobile applications. The participants were approximately 80 students from RAK Medical and Health Sciences University located in Ras Al Khaimah in The United Arab Emirates. A closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. The results revealed that internet applications have a positive impact on learning English as a foreign language. Students’ attitudes towards using internet applications for learning English scored very high in certain areas, while the impact was lower in some other areas that is related to speaking, listening or to group discussions. Based on these results, the researcher suggests that internet applications can be activated at all stages of English language learning and teaching. The implementation of mobile and internet applications is recommended together with the face-to-face learning as a sort of blended learning. It can be budget friendly for universities and at the same time effortless for the students as long as it gives the same impact as face-to-face learning. Therefore, the significance of the study is to try to utilize the best online technological method for teaching and learning English Language that is useful to instructors, institutions as well as students.
Charting New Venues for Teaching Literary Texts through Black English Vernacular in EFL Context: Case of H.B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Authors: ILES Yamina , BELMEKKI Amine
Published: April 2021

This research paper attempts at studying the operation of literary texts teaching through Black English Vernacular (BEV) in EFL context, selecting the American novel: Uncle Tom’s Cabin, henceforth (UTC), (1852) by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) as a parameter of research. Its main aim is to reveal and project the new venues for teaching literary texts through BEV in EFL classroom. The choice of this novel constitutes a luxuriant source of investigation. Additionally, it is abundant with various cultural elements used by its characters. The significance of the study relies on the examination and analysis of lexical items regarding the role of literature in the EFL context between the past and the present time. Also, with the difficulties of using literary texts as language tools in the EFL educational milieu. After implementing a stylistic analytical method on the selected novel, the results of the study end up by the selection of certain lexical entries from Black English that can be used as a reference in the teaching of literature in EFL contexts.
The Low Co-occurrence of Nominalization and Hedging in Scientific Papers Written by Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Liu Xiao
Published: April 2021

This article hypothesizes that one of the reasons for Chinese EFL learners’ rigid use of nominalization and insufficient use of hedging in academic writing can be attributed to the unclear understanding of the relationship between these two expressions. The aim of the research is to first prove and then explain the possible co-occurrence of nominalization and hedging in scientific papers, with the intention of deepening Chinese EFL learners’ understanding of the reasons for their possible co-occurrence. After a corpus-assisted statistical analysis of sixty abstracts selected from leading scientific journals written by native English speakers, it’s been found that there is indeed a tendency for nominalization and hedge to co-occur both at the textual-level and clause-level. Besides, a tentative analysis is conducted to explain the pattern of their co-occurrence. It has been observed that the number of nominalized expressions in clauses is inversely correlated with the probability degree of hedging, and the position of nominalization in the clause (theme or rheme) influences the generalization level of hedging. The research results could shed light on the pedagogic approach in improving Chinese EFL learners’ academic writing by making evident that the elusive Grammatical Metaphor competence could be enhanced by deepening the understanding of the inter-relationship between seemingly different in-congruent expressions like nominalization and hedges.
Student Teachers’ Listening Fluency Interaction Patterns: The Use of Similar News Stories in Narrow Listening
Authors: Rozak Refi Ranto , Saleh Mursid , Bharati Dwi Anggani Linggar , Sutopo Djoko
Published: April 2021

This article reports the use of similar news stories in narrow listening in an Extensive Listening course to promote student teachers’ listening fluency in an Indonesian initial teacher education context. This study was to investigate: (1) What is the patterns of interaction of Indonesian student teachers of English regarding their listening fluency when exposed to slow, moderately slow, and normal speech level texts?; and (2) What are the challenges and opportunities of promoting listening fluency through narrow listening using news stories in an Extensive Listening course? The aims of this article are to portray student teachers’ listening fluency interaction patterns through similar news stories in narrow listening and to investigate the challenges and opportunities of promoting listening fluency using narrow listening. This sequential mix-method study reported 40 student teachers’ engagement in extensive listening activities over 12 weeks, such as: (1) the choice of the news stories using online extensive listening material selection survey, (2) repeated listening tasks for fluency development at a lower to a normal speech rate level, and (3) linked-skills fluency development activities scaffolded by the teacher educators. The study found that similar news stories in narrow listening as extensive listening material helped student teachers familiarize similar structures and vocabulary of the spoken texts from similar topics/themes. The article portrays the inclusion of narrow listening in an Extensive Listening course can help the development of student teachers’ listening fluency in Indonesian initial Teacher Education context.
Motivation toward English Language Learning among Students of Different Fields of Study: A Case of Iraqi University Students
Authors: Ugla Raed Latif
Published: April 2021

This study aims at identifying motivation toward English language learning among students ofdifferent fields of study. More specifically, it tries to identify the two types of motivation (integrative/ instrumental) among those students and also the preferred activities used by them. This study is qualitative and quantitative, which uses two types of instruments: a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. In the survey, there are 150 responses collected from the participants who answered the questionnaire questions. In the interview, the researcher interviewed three participants. The results of this study show that the students of different fields of study were motivated instrumentally rather than integratively. Finally, the results also indicate that the participants identified different learning activities.
Thinking Dangerously: The Role of Higher Education in Authoritarian Times
Authors: Giroux Henry A.
Published: April 2021

The notion of a neutral, objective education is an oxymoron. Education and pedagogy do not exist outside of ideology, values and politics. Ethics, when it comes to education, demand an openness to the other, a willingnessto engage a “politics of possibility” through a continual critical engagement with texts, images, events and other registers of meaning as they are transformed into pedagogical practices both within and outside of the classroom. Education is never innocent: It is always implicated in relations of power and specific visions of the present and future. This suggests the need for educators to rethink the cultural and ideological baggage they bring to each educational encounter. It also highlights the necessity of making educators ethically and politically accountable for and self-reflective about the stories they produce, the claims they make upon public memory, and the images of the future they deem legitimate.
A Qualitative Analysis of Parole Suspensions among Women on Parole
Authors: Ricciardelli Rosemary , McKendy Laura
Published: April 2021

In studying parole outcomes, researchers have pointed to the prominence of technical violations (e.g., breaches of release conditions) in contributing to high rates of custodial returns. In the current study, we contribute to a qualitative understanding of women’s returns to custody in the Canadian federal context. Drawing on casework documents, we analyse pathways to reincarceration by examining circumstances leading up to and surrounding parole suspensions. We conceptualize parole “failure” as a process ( Steen et al. 2013 ) that includes actions, reactions, and decisions on the part of parolees, parole officers, and case managers. Consistent with prior research, we found that parole suspensions were typically tied to non-compliance with parole conditions rather than new offending. However, events prompting suspension were seldom isolated or the first instance of violation. Preceding incidents were typically met with other types of case management response (i.e., enhanced monitoring, verbal intervention, therapeutic responses, and weighing risk against progress). Despite the important role of discretion in responses to violations, we found case management interventions to be largely oriented around managing compliance with parole conditions. We discuss the implications of condition-centric parole governance in relation to underlying principles of responsive case management.
FINANCIAL LEASING IN THE FUNCTION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (STATISTICAL APPROACH)
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Transportation Doboj, Doboj, Republic of Srpska, B&H, Subotić Slobodan , Mitrović Goran ,   Drina Insurance a.d. Milici, Republic of Srpska, B&H, Marković Vladimir ,   Drina Insurance a.d. Milici, Republic of Srpska, B&H
Published: April 2021

The leasing institution is typical for countries with developed market economies, although it keeps gaining more and more importance in transition countries. Therefore, the research in this paper is focused on the financial leasing market in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as one of the countries undergoing transition process. Its basic features have been assessed, together with determining turnover over the observed ten-year period, both in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole and in its respective entities. The research aims to establish to what extent has financial leasing contributed to the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector and the economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Modern statistical methods have been applied to analyze the connection and interdependence of leasing and certain macroeconomic indicators in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the purpose and in the context of this research, the following indicators, such as the values of leasing, gross domestic product, export, import, and foreign direct investments related to the period from 2009 to 2018 are presented in the respective tables and charts. The analysis is based on the application of descriptive and econometric statistical methods of correlation and regression, as well as on the following statistical packages: IBM SPSS ver. 21, Microsoft XLSTAT. A particular, dedicated segment of the analysis refers to determining the impact of financial leasing on the level of SME investment to classic bank loans. That is, to what extent is financial leasing in the function of investment decision-making of small and medium enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Особенности и методы решений проблем коммерциализации
инноваций на рынке оборудования для электроэнергетики
Authors: Вылгина Юлия Вадимовна , Шишова Анастасия Сергеевна
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена теоретико-методологическим и практическим вопросам проблематики коммерциализации инноваций на рынке оборудования для электроэнергетики. Представлены специфические черты рассматриваемой отрасли, влияющие на коммерциализацию инноваций. Актуальной задачей исследования является выявление особенностей коммерциализации инноваций на рынке оборудования для электроэнергетики. Представлены методы решения проблем, возникающих при коммерциализации инноваций на рынке оборудования для электроэнергетики.
Цифровые инновации в финансовой системе исламских стран Ближнего Востока
Authors: Мусаев Афган Абульфаз оглы
Published: April 2021

В ближневосточном регионе функционируют международные финансовые центры. Кроме Тель-Авива, Стамбула и Баку все эти финансовые центры функционируют на основе исламской финансовой системы. Военно-политическая обстановка в регионе сплотила некоторые исламские государства при посредничестве США и Тель-Авива. После Египта и Иордании с сентября 2020 года ОАЭ, Оман и Бахрейн, а с октября 2020 года Судан возобновили дипломатические и экономические отношения с Израилем. Саудовская Аравия активно участвует в этих процессах. Цифровые инновации в финансовой системе исламских стран Ближнего Востока в основном принимаются в

институтах и учреждениях этих центров. Цифровые технологии, которые работают с дискретными сигналами, активно внедряются в отчетно-учётных системах, в системах хранения данных, в торговле, в сферах страхования,кредитования и банковских услуг. При этом строго соблюдается требовании норм шариата.
Налоговая политика Азербайджана в преодолении пандемии
Authors: Гасымов Алиислам , Вейсов Емин Назим оглы
Published: April 2021

Своевременное реформирование системы государственного управления позволяет Азербайджану не только адекватно реагировать на вызовы в период пандемии, но и формулировать задачи и защитные механизмы на постпандемический период по целому ряду ключевых направлений в системе национальных интересов страны. Данная работа посвящена вопросу изучения налоговой политики Азербайджана в преодолении пандемии. Осуществлен обзор научной литературы и нормативно-правовых актов, синтез и анализ полученной информации, а также произведены сравнения и аналогии.
EFFICACY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF Thymbra capitata L. AND Mentha pulegium L. COLLECTED IN TUNISIA ON LARVAE OF Galleria mellonella L.
Authors: Ncibi Sarra , Ben Amor Abir , Ben Abdelkader Faten
Published: April 2021

The wax moth is one of the honeybee pests that cause a lot of damage and loss for the beekeepers in Tunisia. The use of insecticides is more and more used although they are known to contaminate wax and honey. This study aims to test the essential oils of two North African common plants Thymbra capitata L. and Mentha pulegium L. efficacy as alternative method by fumigation on instars of Galleria mellonela L. We also determined the duration of the development stages of the great wax moth (GWM) presented in Tunisia. Results showed that under a temperature ranged between 30 and 33°C, the total duration from eggs to adults of GWM lasted 51 days. The fumigant test showed the toxicity of both oils on larvae instars tested. The second larvae instar was more susceptible than the 4th instar. Moreover, M. pulegium was more toxic against the 2nd larvae instar than T. capitata with an LC50 at 48h of 41.82 and 456.27 µl/L air, respectively. The essential oils present a good alternative to the insecticides to control wax moths.
Prefácio: Língua Portuguesa em África
Authors: Mufwene Salikoko S.
Published: April 2021

O multilinguismo tem sido uma saída em relação à educação e ao desenvolvimento econômico na África negra desde a década de 1960, quando muitos países se libertaram politicamente dos seus colonizadores europeus. A vaga de políticas linguísticas, na maioria dos estados-nação emergentes, visava uma ideologia europeia de um único país, cuja finalidade final seria a desvalorização ou possível erradicação da grande maioria das línguas indígenas, se não todas. Por outro lado, não foi fácil promover uma única língua indígena como língua nacional e oficial de um grande número de línguas faladas pela maioria da população.
Editorial: Ciências Médicas e da Vida
Authors: Carreira Isabel Maria Marques
Published: April 2021

Neste volume da Revista Internacional em Língua Portuguesa (RILP) dedicado às Ciências Médicas e da Vida foram reunidas contribuições de onze grupos académicos de diferentes proveniências geográficas: Brasil (Universidade Federal Fluminense, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará, Fortaleza, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro), Timor Leste (Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa’e) e Portugal (Institutos e Clínicas Universitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra).