bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexión metalingüística y su relación con la calidad de explicaciones científicas
Authors: Hugo Evelyn , Meneses Alejandra , Montenegro Maximiliano
Published: May 2024

RESUMEN La reflexión metalingüística (RM), entendida como la capacidad de atender conscientemente a la lengua, puede ayudar al escritor en la textualización. En géneros disciplinares, cuya producción es demandante, contar con evidencias de factores para andamiar su construcción es un aspecto clave. Sin embargo, más estudios son necesarios para comprender las características de la RM y la relación con los textos escritos por los estudiantes en géneros disciplinares. Este estudio analiza la relación entre RM y la calidad de explicaciones científicas escritas por 359 estudiantes de 4° grado de primaria en dos unidades didácticas. Caracterizamos los desempeños en RM en cinco dimensiones (discursiva, textual, gramatical, léxico-semántica, conceptual). Los modelos de regresión mostraron que el desempeño en RM predice la calidad de las explicaciones, con una contribución diferente por dimensión y unidad didáctica. Además, el desempeño en la dimensión conceptual para la unidad 1 predijo significativamente la calidad de las explicaciones de la unidad 2. Nuestro estudio muestra que la RM es una variable asociada a la construcción textual que recomendamos potenciar en futuras propuestas instruccionales.
Dietary self-perception by women beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Dias Marina de Paula Mendonça , Reis Dayanna Magalhães dos , Azevedo Clarisse Vasconcelos de , Carioca Antonio Augusto Ferreira , Azevedo Daniela Vasconcelos de
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the association between dietary self-perception and socioeconomic, health, diet, and lifestyle variables of socially vulnerable women in primary health care. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a Primary Health Care Unit in Fortaleza, Ceará, with 158 women beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família (Family Aid) Program. We applied a questionnaire containing socioeconomic and health variables, food knowledge, and self-perception. Pearson's chi-square test, with a 5% significance level, was adopted to investigate possible associations between women's food self-perception and other variables. Results The women had a mean age of 31.2 years. Most had a household income of less than one minimum wage (75.9%), a high school education level (53.8%), were overweight (67.7%), did not engage in physical activity (72.8%), and received dietary guidance (51.9%). Negative dietary self-perception was reported by 57.0% of the sample. Women who did not engage in physical activity had a higher frequency of negative dietary self-perception (p=0.007). Conclusion Most women showed negative dietary self-perception. The variable “physical activity” was positively associated with dietary self-perception. Knowing how women perceive their diet and which factors are associated with their food choices can help health professionals in their daily conduct in health care units.
Changes in food consumption and prevalence of overweight and obesity in Brazilian adults between 2008 and 2018
Authors: Bezerra Ilana Nogueira , Tahim Jamile Carvalho , Rodrigues Renata da Rocha Muniz , Sichieri Rosely
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To assess dietary intake and weight status changes among Brazilian adults. Methods In this dietary survey, data from the food consumption modules of the 2008-2009 (n=21,003 adults) and the 2017-2018 (n=28,153 adults) Household Budget Survey were evaluated to estimate the mean consumption (g/day) of 20 food groups. The body mass index was calculated to classify the weight status of adults and estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Differences between surveys were identified when the 95% confidence intervals were not interspersed. All analyses were stratified by gender and considered the sample weight and the complexity of the sample design. Results The prevalence of overweight increased both among men (38.4%; 95% CI: 36.8-40.0, in 2008-2009 vs. 42.2%; 95% CI: 40.9-43.5, in 2017-2018) and women (29.5%; 95% CI: 58.0-30.9 vs. 35.2%; 95% CI: 34.0-36.4, respectively). Mean consumption of poultry and eggs (57.6g/day vs. 77.9 g/day in men and 43.5g/day vs. 57.3g/day in women, p<0.05) and fast foods (31.3g/day vs. and 48.7g/day in men and 25.3g/day in 2008-2009 vs. 34.8g/day in women, p<0.05) increased between the two surveys, while the mean consumption of rice, beans, fruits, coffee and tea, fish and seafood, processed meats, milk and dairy products, sweets and desserts, sugary drinks, and soups declined. Conclusion The Brazilian food consumption pattern follows the increased prevalence of overweight and reinforces the need to encourage healthy patterns that revive our country's food culture and eating habits.
Influência dos traços de personalidade narcisista dos CEOs no endividamento das empresas da B3
Authors: Oliveira Ana Paula da Silva de , Garcia Inajá Allane Santos
Published: May 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a influência dos traços de personalidade narcisista dos CEOs no endividamento das empresas brasileiras não financeiras listadas na B3. Pesquisas sobre os traços narcisistas têm como temática principal o impacto na rentabilidade das organizações. Desse modo, este trabalho visa preencher a lacuna da compreensão das implicações dos traços narcisistas dos CEOs nas decisões de endividamento das empresas e dos seus determinantes ao inserir uma característica psicológica. Esta pesquisa se torna relevante pois ajuda acadêmicos, profissionais de negócios e formuladores de políticas a identificarem padrões e tendências que possam alertar para possíveis crises financeiras. O impacto causado por este artigo está relacionado às evidências acerca dos efeitos que a contratação de CEOs narcisistas ocasionam no endividamento, pois compreender a interação entre o perfil do CEO e as escolhas financeiras da empresa pode fornecer orientações práticas para a gestão de riscos e tomadas de decisão informadas, contribuindo assim para o campo da estratégia empresarial e finanças corporativas. Foi utilizada uma amostra de 299 empresas não financeiras, analisadas de 2011 a 2020, com dados da base da Economatica, Relatórios Anuais, Relatos Integrados, Relatórios de Sustentabilidade e Relatórios da Administração. Para mensurar os traços de personalidade narcisista utilizou-se duas proxies, baseadas na assinatura e na proeminência da fotografia do CEO. O endividamento foi medido pelos indicadores: endividamento oneroso, total, de curto e longo prazo. Os resultados apontam que quanto maior os traços narcisistas dos CEOs maior será o endividamento das organizações, contribuindo para compreensão aprofundada dos fatores que influenciam as decisões financeiras das empresas, uma vez que identificar os fatores que levam a decisões arriscadas de endividamento pode permitir a implementação de medidas preventivas e estratégias de gestão de risco mais eficazes.
Evolution of Amazonian biodiversity: A review
Authors: GUAYASAMIN Juan M. , RIBAS Camila C. , CARNAVAL Ana C. , CARRILLO Juan D. , HOORN Carina , LOHMANN Lúcia G. , RIFF Douglas , ULLOA ULLOA Carmen , ALBERT James S.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Amazonia (defined herein as the Amazon basin) is home to the greatest concentration of biodiversity on Earth, providing unique genetic resources and ecological functions that contribute to ecosystem services globally. The lengthy and complex evolutionary history of this region has produced heterogeneous landscapes and riverscapes at multiple scales, altered the geographic and genetic connections among populations, and impacted rates of adaptation, speciation, and extinction. In turn, ecologically diverse Amazonian biotas promoted further diversification, species coexistence, and coevolution, with biodiversity accumulating over tens of millions of years. Important events in Amazonian history included: (i) late Cretaceous and early Paleogene origin of major rainforest plant and animal groups; (ii) Eocene-Oligocene global cooling with rainforests contracting to tropical latitudes separating Atlantic coastal and Amazonian rainforests; (iii) Miocene uplift of central and northern Andes that separated Pacific coastal and Amazonian rainforests, spurred formation of mega-wetlands in the western Amazon, and contributed to the origin of the modern transcontinental Amazon River; (iv) late Neogene formation of the Panamanian Isthmus that facilitated the Great American Biotic Interchange; (v) Pleistocene climate oscillations followed by late Pleistocene-Holocene human colonization and megafaunal extinctions; and (vi) modern era of widespread anthropogenic deforestation, defaunation, and ecological transformations of regional landscapes and global climates. Amazonian conservation requires decade-scale investments into biodiversity documentation and monitoring to leverage existing scientific capacity, and strategic habitat planning to allow continuity of evolutionary and ecological processes now and into the future.
A fronteira do carvão: siderurgia e floresta em Minas Gerais (Brasil) no século XX
Authors: Marinho Júnior Lenício Dutra , Espindola Haruf Salmen , Nodari Eunice Sueli
Published: May 2024

Resumo Com foco na indústria siderúrgica a carvão vegetal no Vale do Rio Doce (leste de Minas Gerais), o artigo propõe compreender a relação entre as grandes siderúrgicas e a devastação da Mata Atlântica. Estudos sobre a indústria siderúrgica que destacam a pressão exercida sobre a Mata Atlântica pelas carvoarias são quase inexistentes. Nesse sentido, recorrendo a relatórios técnicos, estatísticas oficiais, periódicos e outras fontes de mídia e centrando à atenção na empresa Belgo-Mineira, destaca-se um conjunto de dados que nos permite mensurar os impactos da indústria siderúrgica a carvão vegetal sobre a floresta. O resultado principal são as estimativas de extração florestal para servir a indústria siderúrgica entre 1936 e 1954. Os dados desta pesquisa mostram que a indústria siderúrgica a carvão vegetal deu um aspecto distinto ao fenômeno da fronteira em razão da centralidade do carvão.
Água subterrânea em contexto de escassez hídrica na bacia hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco (MG)
Authors: Carvalho Jeane Dantas de , Melo Marília Carvalho de , Galvão Paulo Galvão Paulo , Miranda Wezer Lismar , Lasmar Breno Esteves
Published: May 2024

Resumo Na última década, a escassez hídrica em Minas Gerais afetou a disponibilidade hídrica superficial, levando usuários a privilegiar o uso da água subterrânea como fonte alternativa. A bacia hidrográfica do rio São Francisco é uma das mais importantes dentre as que banham o estado, tanto pela abrangência espacial quanto pela preponderância do uso de água subterrânea. Devido à escassez hídrica resultado de eventos extremos de estiagem entre 2009 e 2018, houve uma tendência no aumento de requerimentos de outorgas de uso de água subterrânea. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a correlação entre o aumento desses requerimentos e períodos de anomalias negativas de precipitações em relação à situação crítica de escassez hídrica, definida pela Deliberação Normativa CERH/MG 49/2015. Observou-se uma relação direta entre anomalias negativas de precipitação e escassez hídrica, e o aumento de requerimentos para uso de águas subterrâneas, principalmente nos anos entre 2014 e 2018.
Relação entre sintomas gastrointestinais e infecção por COVID-19 na população pediátrica: revisão de escopo
Authors: Desconsi Denise , Araujo Juliane Pagliari , Furtado Marcela Demitto , Pimenta Rosângela Aparecida , Zani Adriana Valongo
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear as evidências na literatura acerca da relação entre sintomas gastrointestinais e a COVID-19 na população pediátrica. Método: Trata-se de scoping review seguindo as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs e PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. A busca foi realizada nas bases: Embase, Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Scielo, Web of Science e Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, entre julho e agosto de 2023. Foram incluídos estudos originais disponíveis na íntegra, em qualquer idioma. Resultados: Foram eleitos 10 estudos que apontaram para três premissas: (1) o receptor ECA 2 é encontrado nas células epiteliais do trato gastrointestinal; (2) os sintomas gastrointestinais são mediados pelo estresse e a infecção é justificada pelo eixo cérebro-intestino; (3) desenvolve o processo de Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica em crianças, afetando o trato gastrointestinal. Conclusão: A síntese de evidências proporcionou três pressupostos os quais orientam a origem dos sintomas gastrointestinais. A identificação dos sintomas gastrointestinais em crianças acometidas por COVID-19 pode auxiliar na abordagem clínica e manejo de cuidados e tratamentos.
COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS AND RISK PERCEPTION IN NURSING WORK AT COVID-19 HOSPITAL UNITS
Authors: Centenaro Alexa Pupiara Flores Coelho , Andrade Andressa de , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Bonow Clarice Alves , Costa Marta Cocco da , Brum Kaliandra , Glowacki Júlia , Santos Gabriela Kich dos
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the associations between suspected Common Mental Disorders and risk perception in Nursing work at Covid-19 hospital units and to understand the elements intertwined in these relationships, from the workers' perspective. Method: a parallel-convergent mixed-methods study, carried out with 327 Nursing workers from Covid-19 units in seven hospitals from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The quantitative data were collected through a sociodemographic, work-related and risk perception questionnaire, added to the Self-Reporting Questionnaire and subjected to inferential statistical analysis. The qualitative data were produced through semi-structured interviews and treated in the light of thematic content analysis. Results: in all, 76.4% of the participants reported that their performance during the Covid-19 pandemic considerably or greatly increased the risks in their job. Regarding the risk exposure intensity, the workers consider themselves very exposed to the following risks: Covid-19 infection (51.4%); contaminating their family (45.9%); a family member developing a severe form of Covid-19 (46.5%); suffering psychological harms (47.7%); experiencing sleep (45.9%) or dietary pattern (40.7%) disorders; and isolating themselves from friends and family (48%). All of these variables were associated with suspected Common Mental Disorders. Qualitatively, it was evident that fear was the feeling signaling the intersection between risk perception and mental illness. Conclusion: suspected Common Mental Disorders were associated with the perception of multiple risks, with fear as the main element intertwined in this relationship.
TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS COMUNS E PERCEPÇÃO DE RISCO NO TRABALHO DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADES HOSPITALARES COVID-19
Authors: Centenaro Alexa Pupiara Flores Coelho , Andrade Andressa de , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Bonow Clarice Alves , Costa Marta Cocco da , Brum Kaliandra , Glowacki Júlia , Santos Gabriela Kich dos
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as associações entre a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns e a percepção de risco no trabalho da enfermagem em unidades hospitalares Covid-19 e conhecer os elementos imbricados nestas relações, na perspectiva dos trabalhadores. Método: estudo de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente, realizado com 327 trabalhadores da enfermagem de unidades Covid-19 de sete hospitais do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados quantitativos foram coletados por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, laboral e de percepção de riscos, somado ao Self-Reporting Questionnaire e submetidos a analise estatística inferencial. Os dados qualitativos foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e tratados à luz da análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: 76,4% referiram que a atuação na Covid-19 aumentou consideravelmente ou muito os riscos no seu trabalho. No que tange à intensidade de exposição dos riscos, trabalhadores se consideram muito expostos ao risco de infecção por Covid-19 (51,4%); risco de levar a contaminação para sua família (45,9%); risco de que alguém da família desenvolva a forma grave da Covid-19 (46,5%); risco de sofrer danos psicológicos (47,7%); risco de sofrer alterações do sono (45,9); do padrão alimentar (40,7); e de se isolar de amigos e familiares (48%). Todas estas variáveis se mostraram associadas a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns. Qualitativamente, evidenciou-se que o medo era o sentimento balizador da intersecção entre a percepção de risco e o adoecimento mental. Conclusão: a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns associou-se à percepção de múltiplos riscos, sendo que o medo foi o principal elemento imbricado nessa relação.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREASTFEEDING IN THE FIRST HOUR OF LIFE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Viana Vera Alice Oliveira , Castro Lucélia da Cunha , Rufino Andréa Cronemberger , Madeiro Alberto Pereira
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with breastfeeding in the first hour of life. Methods: Cross-sectional study made with postpartum women who were patients at public maternity hospitals in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, between 2020-2021. Aspects such as sociodemographic and behavioral data of the woman and her intimate partner, obstetric characteristics, in addition to intimate partner violence during pregnancy were evaluated. A hierarchical analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression, in which the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) were calculated. Results: 413 women were interviewed. There was a 66.8% prevalence of breastfeeding in the first hour of life. Factors such as the presence of a companion (AOR=1.66; CI95% 1.34-2.29), skin-to-skin contact with the newborn (AOR=2.14; CI95% 1.04-4.38) and experiencing a natural birth (AOR=2.06; CI95% 1.90-4.73) increased the chances of breastfeeding in the first hour. The lack of a partner (AOR=0.47; CI95% 0.25-0.86) and having a non-white partner (AOR=0.45; CI95% 0.24-0.83) were factors that decreased the chances of breastfeeding. Conclusions: The prevalence of breastfeeding in the first hour of life was considered good. Obstetric and childbirth care factors contributed positively to the practice of breastfeeding. The collected data reinforce the importance of offering quality assistance during the parturition process.
Atitudes diante da morte e espiritualidade em estudantes de Medicina: um ensaio educacional
Authors: Santos Luiza Freire de Almeida Barros dos , Costa Maria Eduarda Rodrigues , Santos Maria Eduarda Barbosa Abrantes , Melo Nathallya Thamyres dos Santos , Ferreira Alberto Gorayeb de Carvalho
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Introdução: Apesar de ser parte essencial do cuidado, os profissionais de saúde não recebem, durante a formação, o preparo adequado para que possam lidar com os sentimentos consequentes da morte de um paciente, o que pode gerar impactos negativos no bem-estar deles. Por conta disso, é imprescindível realizar uma reflexão sobre essa temática. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as atitudes dos estudantes de Medicina acerca do processo de morte e o índice de espiritualidade antes e depois da vivência do módulo “Saúde do Idoso, Envelhecimento e Terminalidade da Vida”, dirigido aos alunos do oitavo período da Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde, em 2021. Método: Realizou-se um ensaio educacional, do tipo antes e depois, analítico, baseado na abordagem da morte e do processo de morrer por meio do referido módulo. Os participantes responderam a um questionário contendo as variáveis de interesse e instrumentos validados (Perfil de atitudes frente à morte - Revisado (DAP-R) e Spirituality Self Rating Scale - SSRS). Para análise estatística, adotou-se o teste do qui-quadrado, considerando o valor de p < 0,05. Resultado: Não houve mudança significativa da atitude diante da morte antes e depois do módulo (p = 0,236), destacando-se predominância de atitudes negativas (p = 0,775), em especial evitamento da morte, nos dois momentos do estudo. Entre os estudantes com espiritualidade alta, atitudes negativas também foram mais prevalentes, sem diferença significativa nos períodos pré e pós-módulo. Conclusão: A ausência de mudanças de atitude corrobora a hipótese de que a atual abordagem acerca dessa temática não é suficiente para que os estudantes desenvolvam atitudes adaptativas necessárias para lidar com a morte no âmbito profissional.
FOFA da residência em medicina de família e comunidade no estado de São Paulo
Authors: Ribeiro Lucas Gaspar , Cyrino Eliana Goldfabr , Pazin-Filho Antônio
Published: May 2024

Resumo Introdução: A residência médica é o padrão ouro para formação em medicina de família e comunidade. Na última década houve aumento substancial de vagas sem a avaliação da qualidade dos programas. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos observar e qualificar a percepção dos preceptores da residência nessa área. Método: Aplicou-se um questionário qualiquantitativo no estado de São Paulo, com análise estatística descritiva e elaboração da matriz FOFA associada à tríade de Donabedian a partir da análise de conteúdo dos entrevistados. Resultado: A amostra foi de 64 preceptores em 27 programas, com mediana de idade de 37 anos e composta de 52% de mulheres. A distribuição mais prevalente é de dois residentes por preceptor, e 67% atuam também com a graduação. Da amostra, 56,7% possuem residência médica e 13,4% são titulados, além de 82% com cursos em preceptoria. A análise qualitativa aponta a formação em preceptoria e o aumento de especialistas como pontos relevantes, mas ainda há a dificuldade com a organização dos serviços e o baixo apoio da gestão municipal. Conclusão: Embora haja preceptores com formação adequada, ainda é necessário seu incremento ante o aumento do número de vagas desproporcional à capacidade instalada. Melhoria das condições estruturais e maior apoio dos municípios serão necessários de acordo com a percepção dos preceptores em medicina de família e comunidade.
Perception of freshmen Medical students about learning during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Dourado-Maranhão Ramiro , Cunha Mariana
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: In 2019, with the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic, the world had to adapt to using social distancing measures to control the spread of the virus. Social isolation measures were imposed and one of the sectors that suffered the greatest impact from these measures was the education sector, having to adapt to emergency remote education (ERE). Objectives: To understand the perception of students attending a medical course in relation to their own learning during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This is a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach. The theoretical framework was Symbolic Interactionism. The study was carried out in a private higher education institution in the Federal District. The study included 14 students attending the third semester of medical undergraduate school from classes that had the opportunity to attend undergraduate periods through ERE. Data were collected through recorded interviews, in the Focus Group modality, and analyzed using Inductive Thematic Analysis. All ethical concepts of Resolution n. 466/2012 from the Health National Council were respected. Results and Discussion: The analysis of the discourses resulted in three thematic categories that explore the students’ perception of learning. The first category, “Living as if in a test balloon”, addresses the changes experienced by students when entering college, with feelings of fear, insecurity and lack of motivation due to the stress of the pandemic. The second category, “Feeling isolated and desolate”, observed the perception of mental illness and the lack of support from classmates, teachers and the institution, influencing the students’ performance and learning. The third category, “Dealing with mistakes and successes”, identified the perception of learning outcomes during and after the pandemic, highlighting the impact on the knowledge deficit and the need to adapt when returning to face-to-face teaching. Final considerations: the Emergency Remote Education brought drastic changes in medical teaching. Understanding these changes and understanding the students’ perception of learning in this period allows us to recognize the challenges faced, understand the need for adequate emotional support and think of effective learning strategies to overcome these and other adversities.
Analysis of tuberculosis and leprosy in the pedagogical projects of Medicine courses and the spatial relationship between cases
Authors: Vitiritti Bruno , Baruffi Pedro Paulo , Xavier Paula Brustolin
Published: May 2024

Abstract Introduction: Medical education is crucial for the training of healthcare professionals. In Brazil, medical training has advanced, focusing on the Unified Health System and primary care. The inclusion of tuberculosis and leprosy in the medical curriculum is essential due to the impact of these diseases on public health. Medical schools should ensure that students learn about these diseases to improve health outcomes in the country. Objective: This study aims to analyze how the topics of leprosy and tuberculosis are included in the pedagogical projects of medicine courses at university institutions in the Southern region of Brazil. Method: A documentary and exploratory study with a qualitative approach was conducted. Pedagogical projects were collected between January and August 2023. The analysis of the pedagogical projects focused on identifying the keywords “leprosy” and “tuberculosis” and evaluating how these diseases were addressed in the documents, both in theoretical contexts and in practical teaching intentions. Content units were identified and grouped into two main categories: Theoretical Learning and Clinical-Practical Learning. Results: The results indicated that references to tuberculosis were more frequent than leprosy in the analyzed pedagogical projects. Most institutions prioritize teaching these diseases in the early years of medical school, with little emphasis during the clinical internship phase. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the teaching of these diseases tends to be more theoretical, with few references to clinical practice. A spatial distribution of leprosy in Santa Catarina was also conducted, correlating the presence of medical courses in certain municipalities with the number of leprosy cases diagnosed in those areas. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of reviewing and improving the pedagogical projects of medical courses in Santa Catarina to enhance the teaching of leprosy and tuberculosis. This includes incorporating practical approaches and considering the epidemiological relevance of these diseases in the regions where courses are conducted. The study also emphasizes the need to rethink how these topics are taught and how medical students can play an active role in detecting and managing these diseases in the community.
O que é Residência Médica em Rede?
Authors: Generoso Marcelo Bruno , Rossi Heitor , Mazaferro Paulo
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Introdução: A Residência Médica em Rede é um novo modelo de formação de médicos especialistas que visa expandir o treinamento médico tradicional, particularmente nas redes de atenção à saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Embora legalmente respaldada, carece de regulamentação específica e definição precisa. Desenvolvimento: Um programa em rede, a nosso ver, opera nas redes temáticas do SUS, é coordenado por uma instituição pública, desenvolvido em cidades com mais de 50 mil habitantes, aprovado pela Comissão Nacional de Residência Médica e tem um programa de educação permanente para preceptores. Os desafios incluem padronização de conteúdo, treinamento contínuo de preceptores e um projeto andragógico sólido. O perfil de competências requer não só habilidades médicas, mas também de gestão, trabalho em equipe, conhecimento profundo do SUS e de atenção primária. Barreiras incluem a coordenação de cenários distintos e avaliações apropriadas. Conclusão: O sucesso do modelo exige regulamentação precisa, padronização e integração efetiva para formar especialistas alinhados com o SUS.
Structure of treatment goals set by expert voice-specialized speech-language pathologists for patients with vocal needs
Authors: Crisosto-Alarcón Jaime , Flores Arturo
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to determine the structure of treatment goals set by expert voice-specialized speech-language pathologists in treatment plans for patients with vocal needs. Methods: a cross-sectional documentary research was conducted to analyze 129 treatment goals proposed in treatment plans by 30 expert voice-specialized speech-language pathologists. These goals were thematically analyzed and organized according to the therapeutic content addressed. The goals including the notion of patient in their wording, the statement of a specific purpose, the method for achieving it, and the presence of outcome criteria, were evaluated. Results: most treatment goals analyzed correspond to those aimed at modifying vocal parameters (67.4%). The contents referring to muscle tone (13.8%), vocal hygiene and education (10%), breathing (7.75%), and posture (1.55%) are represented to a lesser extent. From the total number of treatment goals analyzed, 82.17% include the notion of patient, 88.37% indicate the method, 100% indicate the purpose, 52.71% state the outcome criteria used, and 17.05% include other components in their structure. Conclusions: diversity in goal setting shows different visions by the professionals involved in the therapeutic process.
Estructura de los objetivos terapéuticos formulados por fonoaudiólogos/as en la intervención de usuarios/as con necesidades vocales
Authors: Crisosto-Alarcón Jaime , Flores Arturo
Published: May 2024

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la estructura de los objetivos operacionales formulados por los/las fonoaudiólogos/as en las planificaciones terapéuticas para usuarios con necesidades vocales. Métodos: investigación documental transversal en que se analizaron 129 objetivos operacionales propuestos en las planificaciones terapéuticas de 30 fonoaudiólogos/as. Estos objetivos se sometieron a un proceso de análisis temático y se organizaron según el contenido terapéutico abordado. Se examinó la inclusión de la noción de usuario en la redacción, la declaración de una finalidad específica, el método para alcanzarla y la presencia de criterios de logro. Resultados: de la totalidad de objetivos analizados, la mayoría corresponde a aquellos que están orientados a la modificación de parámetros vocales (67.4%). En menor medida, están representados los contenidos referentes a tonicidad muscular (13.8%), educación e higiene vocal (10%), respiración (7.75%) y postura (1.55%). Del total, un 82.17% incluye la noción de usuario, un 88.37% señala el método, el 100% indica la finalidad y un 52.71% declara los criterios de logro utilizados. Un 17.05% incluye otros componentes en su estructura. Conclusiones: la diversidad en la formulación de los objetivos evidencia distintas visiones acerca del proceso terapéutico por parte de los profesionales involucrados.
Adolescents with orofacial clefts: understanding their experiences
Authors: Gifalli Marina , Antonio Camila Trettene , Aparecida Pezzato da Silva Verônica , Aroteia Capone Francine , Capelato Prado Priscila , Trettene Armando dos Santos
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experience of young people with orofacial clefts regarding life as an adolescent. Methods: Descriptive, qualitative study, developed in a Brazilian public and tertiary hospital, a reference center in the care of patients with craniofacial anomalies and related syndromes, between February and April 2019. The sample was defined by theoretical saturation. The following inclusion criteria were established: age between ten and 19 years old and having previously operated on orofacial cleft (lip and/or palate). Individuals with fissure associated with syndromes or other malformations were excluded. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews, which were audio recorded and transcribed in full. The trigger element was: how has it been for you to experience your adolescence? For the construction of the results, content analysis was used in the thematic modality. Results: Seventeen adolescents participated. From the speeches, three categories were revealed: interacting socially, feeling supported, and experiencing and facing prejudice. Conclusions: The biopsychosocial and conflicting complexity that adolescents with orofacial clefts experience was noticed, as well as the importance of receiving support and establishing modalities of situational coping.
Transitioning to peritoneal dialysis: it does not matter where you come from
Authors: Francisco Diogo , Carnevale Andreia , Ávila Gonçalo , Calça Ana Rita , Matias Patrícia , Branco Patrícia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) frequently change renal replacement (RRT) therapy modality due to medical or social reasons. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients under peritoneal dialysis (PD) according to the preceding RRT modality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational single-center study in prevalent PD patients from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017, who were followed for 60 months or until they dropped out of PD. Patients were divided into three groups according to the preceding RRT: prior hemodialysis (HD), failed kidney transplant (KT), and PD-first. Results: Among 152 patients, 115 were PD-first, 22 transitioned from HD, and 15 from a failing KT. There was a tendency for ultrafiltration failure to occur more in patients transitioning from HD (27.3% vs. 9.6% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.07). Residual renal function was better preserved in the group with no prior RRT (p < 0.001). A tendency towards a higher annual rate of peritonitis was observed in the prior KT group (0.70 peritonitis/year per patient vs. 0.10 vs. 0.21, p = 0.065). Thirteen patients (8.6%) had a major cardiovascular event, 5 of those had been transferred from a failing KT (p = 0.004). There were no differences between PD-first, prior KT, and prior HD in terms of death and technique survival (p = 0.195 and p = 0.917, respectively) and PD efficacy was adequate in all groups. Conclusions: PD is a suitable option for ESRD patients regardless of the previous RRT and should be offered to patients according to their clinical and social status and preferences.
Processamento auditivo central e questionário de autopercepção pós-treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado em indivíduos com traumatismo cranioencefálico leve
Authors: Buriti Ana Karina Lima , Luiz Cyntia Barbosa Laureano , Oliveira Laís Rocha de Barros , Suriano Italo Capraro , Gil Daniela
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Correlacionar os resultados da avaliação comportamental do processamento auditivo central e do questionário de autopercepção após o treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado. Método Foram avaliados dez indivíduos com média de idade de 44,5 anos, que sofreram traumatismo cranioencefálico de grau leve. Os indivíduos foram submetidos a avaliação comportamental do processamento auditivo central e também responderam ao questionário de autopercepção “Treinamento Auditivo Formal” após a intervenção terapêutica. O questionário foi composto por questões referentes a percepção auditiva, compreensão de ordens, solicitação de repetição de enunciados, ocorrência mal-entendidos, tempo de atenção, desempenho auditivo em ambiente ruidoso, comunicação ao telefone e autoestima e os pacientes foram solicitados a assinalar a frequência de ocorrência dos comportamentos listados. Resultados As habilidades auditivas de figura-fundo e memória para sons em sequência e processamento temporal correlacionaram-se com melhora para seguir instruções, diminuição das solicitações de repetições e aumento do tempo de atenção e melhora da comunicação e da compreensão ao telefone e para assistir TV. Conclusão Observou-se adequação das habilidades auditivas de fechamento auditivo, figura fundo, e processamento temporal na avaliação pós-treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado, além de redução das queixas quanto ao comportamento auditivo.
Atendimento psicológico referenciado pela análise clínica da atividade: relato de experiência em saúde mental e trabalho
Authors: Andrade Juliana Moreira da Silva , Kostulski Katia , Falcão Jorge Tarcísio da Rocha
Published: May 2024

Resumo Objetivo: analisar uma experiência clínica de acompanhamento psicológico individual, fundamentado na Clínica da Atividade, como possibilidade de intervenção em saúde mental e trabalho. Métodos: a experiência foi relatada e discutida a partir da análise de registros dos atendimentos realizados entre paciente e psicóloga. Resultados e discussão: foram realizadas nove sessões referenciadas por princípios teórico-metodológicos da Clínica da Atividade. Os resultados enfatizaram três pontos de caráter clínico e desenvolvimental para a paciente: ampliação da compreensão e do senso crítico sobre as determinantes do seu trabalho; produção de movimentos simultâneos de afetação e instrumentalização do pensamento e da ação; bem-estar ou diminuição do mal-estar psíquico conectados à ampliação do poder de agir via desenvolvimento da atividade própria de trabalho. Conclusão: a experiência mostrou-se interessante para atendimento a demandas de saúde mental da paciente no caso analisado, desenvolvendo a atividade de trabalho concatenada ao desenvolvimento da saúde psicológica. Identificou-se possível ligação entre a queixa apresentada em saúde mental e a situação de trabalho vivida. Indica-se discutir tal composição metodológica para outros casos específicos, como em reabilitação profissional. O relato contribui para a discussão sobre abordagens clínicas no campo de saúde mental e trabalho.
VALUE DISTRIBUTION TO STAKEHOLDERS: A STUDY ON POWER AND STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE ON THE TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Araujo Mauricio Mendonça de , Jhunior Ronaldo de Oliveira Santos , Uchoa Mariana Torres , Boaventura João Mauricio Gama
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The different stakeholder groups and their influence on value distribution have received increasing attention from organizations and academia. In the recent stakeholder literature, there has been a theoretical development on value distribution, considering the attributes of strategic importance and power; however, the literature still lacks empirical studies to analyze and understand the relationship. This paper examines the association between stakeholders’ power and strategic importance and the value distribution to them by publicly traded companies on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). To obtain relevant information on companies’ treatment of their stakeholders, we analyzed the content of 104 prospectuses for the TSX IPO process from 2008 to 2019. The results reveal that power and strategic importance are relevant to the distribution of value to stakeholders and that the strategic importance of stakeholders has a more significant influence than their power. Regarding contributions, our study advances previous debates in stakeholder literature in theoretical and practical terms.
Pediatric Normative Values for Upper and Lower Extremity Joint Motions: A Review
Authors: Sala Debra
Published: May 2024

Purposes: To report current status of normative values for upper and lower extremity joint motions in the pediatric population and effects of side of body, age, gender and ethnicity/race, and to summarize available joint motion measurement values to serve as a reference.

Methods: PubMed searches were performed using combinations of the following terms: pediatric, children, normal range of motion, with upper extremity, shoulder, elbow, wrist, finger, and thumb; and with lower extremity, hip, knee, ankle, and foot. Inclusion criteria were 1-21 years of age, passive or active joint motion measured with goniometer, normal range of motion, and in English.

Results: Seven upper extremity studies, 3 lifespan and 4 pediatrics only, and 11 lower extremity, 6 lifespan and 5 pediatrics only, were reviewed. Any left/right or dominant/non-dominant differences found were not statistically/clinically significant. For age-related comparisons: in lifespan studies, joint motion decreased as age increased; in pediatric only studies, variable findings were no relationship between amount of motion and age, motion decreased as age increased, and for a single motion (active), motion increased as age increased. Pediatric gender difference analyses produced mixed results of no differences, varying as a function of age and motion, and statistically significant differences. Ethnicity/race effect was addressed rarely.

Discussion: Currently available upper and lower extremity joint motion normative values, which includes multiple measurements for some motions and few/none for others, were summarized. Lower extremity motions were examined to a greater extent than upper extremity motions. Further assessment is required to establish normative values for all passive motions and to clarify effects of side of body, age, gender, and ethnicity/race.
Proposal for characterisation of direct shear strength of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete
Authors: Nzambi Aaron Kadima Lukanu Lwa , Oliveira Dênio Ramam Carvalho de , Melo Vander Luiz da Silva , Barreira Ronnan Wembles Martins , Moraes Heber Dioney Sousa
Published: May 2024

A proposal for the direct pure shear characterisation of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete specimens with two grooved shear planes is presented. In the first stage of work, crimped steel fibres (CSF) were used at volume fractions (Vf) of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%, the concrete compressive strength was 35 MPa and the maximum coarse aggregate size (Dmax) was 9.5 mm. With these specifications, eight block specimens were subjected to the direct shear tests. A significant gain in shear strength was observed with an increase in fibre dosage – an increase of 90% when Vf = 1.5%. Based on this, three analytical expressions to compute the shear stress were formulated. The models were assessed by testing 15 blocks of smaller size and additional variables – hooked-end steel fibres (HSF), concrete compressive strength of 25 MPa and coarse aggregates with Dmax = 9.5, 19.0 and 25.0 mm. Better performance was obtained with the CSF rather than the HSF, with a strength gain of around 100% for Vf = 1.5% with the maximum coarse aggregate particle size of 25 mm and variability between the proposed analytical models of 2–7%.
The Territory of the State in the Pure Theory of Law of Hans Kelsen
Authors: Praskova Svetlana
Published: May 2024

The author turns to the issue how the territory of a State is understood in the pure doctrine of law. It is noted that Hans Kelsen is considered the brightest representative of a certain approach to understanding the territory of the state — the theory of competence. However, such assessment had been made by representatives of the science of Soviet international law and needed to be rethought.
Based on studying the works of Kelsen «Pure Doctrine of Law» and «Principles of International Law» the main theses of this doctrine about the territory of the state are highlighted. The article considers understanding of the territory of the state-social community and the state-legal order, as well as territorial decentralization and territory of the state in relation to international law.
The author comes to the conclusion that Kelsen’s understanding of the territory of the state-social community corresponds to the classical theses of the spatial theory. While the territory of the state-legal order is fundamentally different from the theses of all theories of the territory. And this legal understanding of the territory needs further development.
Ideological and Value Fundamentals of Constitutional Regulation of Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors: Yakimova Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The aim of the study is to identify the features of constitutionalizing the ideological and value fundamentals for conducting entrepreneurial activity. The stages of the constitutional regulation of entrepreneurial activity have been distinguished, it has been determined that the constitutions of any «generation» determined some or other value orientations of functioning of economic relations. It is noted that constitutionalizing of values of economic activity is not a feature of modern constitutions — many of the constitutions of the second «generation» contained provisions reflecting the ideological and value basis for conducting business activities. The article also considers peculiarities of enshrining of ideological and value bases of entrepreneurial activity at the present stage of constitutional construction in Russia.
It is concluded that constitutionalizing the categories that have an ideological-value coloring, though complicates the design of constitutional regulation, but performs the constitution’s programmatic function.
The Construction of the Trust Property Management Contract in the Domestic Civil Law
Authors: Belousov Vladimir
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the provisions on the trust property management contract. The obligatory nature of relations on trust property management is proved. The place of the studied contract in the system of civil law obligations is determined according to the result criterion. It is concluded that this agreement is an independent type, included in the group of service agreements. The legal characteristics of the contract has been comprehensively investigated. The real model of the contract is substantiated. The conclusion about the bilaterally binding nature of this agreement is argued. The conclusion about classifying the agreement as fiduciary is not supported. An exhaustive list of the essential terms of the contract has been named. It is proposed to exclude from the list of essential conditions the name of the legal entity or the name of the citizen in whose interests the property is managed. The expediency of securing a mandatory written form of the contract and special consequences in case of its non-compliance has been confirmed. Proposals for improving legislation in this area have been formulated.
Subjects of the Right to Publish the Work
Authors: Belkova Elena
Published: May 2024

The article defines the subjects of the right to publish works of science, literature, art. The characteristics of the right to publish the work, the possibility to refer it to the personal non-property rights of the author are considered. The grounds to publish the work by various subjects are analyzed. The reason is that the right to publish the work is not transferred by the author to the other subjects, but is an autonomous right by virtue of the exclusive right to work. The article considers the conditions of lawful disclosure of a work by persons who are not the author of the work. It is noted that the transfer of the author’s exclusive right to an unpublished work of science, literature, and art under the contract indicates his consent to the publication of the work. The right to make a work publicly available also applies to subjects who have legally acquired the exclusive right to a work by law. It is argued that all subjects who have the right to publish a work have the right to defense if this right is violated.