bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in the Okinawa Main Island and remote islands in Okinawa, Japan, 2020-2021
Authors: Mizumoto Kenji , Shimakawa Yusuke , Aizawa Yoshiaki , Butcher Christian , Chibana Naomi , Collins Mary , Kameya Kohei , Kim Tae Gyun , Koyama Satoshi , Matsuyama Ryota , Matthews Melissa M. , Mori Tomoari , Nagamoto Tetsuharu , Narita Masashi , Omori Ryosuke , Shibata Noriko , Shibata Satoshi , Shiiki Souichi , Takakura Syunichi , Toyozato Naoki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Wolf Matthias , Yokoyama Shuhei , Yonaha Sho , Takayama Yoshihiro
Published: March 2022

We estimated the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-COV-2 IgG in different island groups in Okinawa and described its changes over time. A cross-sectional sero-survey was repeated in three distinct periods between July 2020 and February 2021. A total of 2683 serum samples were collected from six referral medical centers, each covering a separate region in Okinawa. Patients who visited the emergency department for any reason and underwent blood collection were eligible for the study. Samples were analyzed using an FDA-authorized two-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol. The case detection ratio was computed by dividing the seroprevalence by the attack rate obtained from publicly available surveillance data. In the main island, the seroprevalence was 0.0% (0/392, 95% CI: 0.0-0.9), 0.6% (8/1448, 0.2-1.1), and 1.4% (8/582, 0.6-2.7) at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sero-survey, respectively. In the remote islands, the seroprevalence was 0.0% (0/144, 95% CI: 0.0-2.5) and 1.6% (2/123, 0.2-5.8) at the 2nd and 3rd survey, respectively. The overall case detection ratios at the 3rd survey were 2.7 (95% CI: 1.3-5.3) in the main island and 2.8 (0.7-11.1) in the remote islands. The highest age-specific case detection ratio was observed in people aged 20-29 years (8.3, 95% CI: 3.3-21.4) in the main island and in those aged 50-59 years (14.1, 2.1-92.7) in the remote islands. The low seroprevalence at the latest survey suggested that a large-scale epidemic had not yet occurred in Okinawa by February 2021. The case detection ratios imply that the cumulative number of incident cases in Okinawa should be 2-3 times higher than that reported by routine surveillance. The ratio was particularly high in young people probably due to a frequent asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 disease in this age group. To accurately measure the scale of the COVID-19 epidemic, it is crucially important to conduct a sero-survey targeting the young.
Development and validation of a modified Cambridge Multimorbidity Score for use with internationally recognized electronic health record clinical terms (SNOMED CT)
Authors: Tsang Ruby S. M. , Joy Mark , Whitaker Heather , Sheppard James P. , Williams John , Sherlock Julian , Mayor Nikhil , Meza-Torres Bernardo , Button Elizabeth , Williams Alice J. , Kar Debasish , Delanerolle Gayathri , McManus Richard , Hobbs F. D. Richard , de Lusignan Simon
Published: March 2022

Background

People with multiple health conditions are more likely to have poorer health outcomes and greater care and service needs; a reliable measure of multimorbidity would inform management strategies and resource allocation. This study aims to develop and validate a modified version of the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score in an extended age range, using clinical terms which are routinely used in electronic health records across the world (SNOMED CT).

Methods and Findings

We curated new variables describing 37 health conditions and modelled the associations between these and 1-year mortality risk using the Cox proportional hazard model in a development dataset (n=300,000). We then developed two simplified models – a 20-condition model as per the original Cambridge Multimorbidity Score, and a variable reduction model using backward elimination with Akaike information criterion as the stopping criterion. The results were compared and validated for 1-year mortality in a synchronous validation dataset (n=150,000), and for 1-year and 5-year mortality in an asynchronous validation dataset (n=150,000).

Our final variable reduction model retained 21 conditions, and the conditions mostly overlapped with those in the 20-condition model. The model performed similarly to the 37- and 20-condition models, showing high discrimination and good calibration following recalibration.

Conclusions

This modified version of the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score allows reliable estimation using clinical terms which can be applied internationally across multiple healthcare settings.
Investigating neurophysiological effects of a short course of tDCS for cognition in schizophrenia: a target engagement study
Authors: Hoy Kate E , Coyle Hannah , Gainsford Kirsten , Hill Aron T , Bailey Neil W , Fitzgerald Paul B
Published: March 2022

Background

Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in schizophrenia and treatment options are severely limited. Development of effective treatments will rely on successful engagement of biological targets. There is growing evidence that the cognitive impairments in schizophrenia are related to impairments in prefrontal cortical inhibition and dysfunctional cortical oscillations.

Methods

In the current study we sought to investigate whether a short course of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) could modulate these pathophysiological targets. Thirty participants with schizophrenia were recruited and underwent neurobiological assessment (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with EEG [TMS-EEG] and task-related EEG) and assessment of cognitive functioning (n-back task and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery). Participants were then randomized to receive 5 sessions of either active or sham anodal tDCS to the left prefrontal cortex. Twenty-four hours after the last tDCS session participants repeated the neurobiological and cognitive assessments. Neurobiological outcome measures were TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs), TMS-related oscillations and oscillatory power during a 2-back task. Cognitive outcome measures were d prime and accurate reaction time on the 2-back and MATRICS scores.

Results

Following active tDCS there was a significant reduction in the N40 TEP amplitude in the left parietal occipital region. There were no other significant changes.

Conclusions

Future interrogation of evidence based therapeutic targets in large scale RCTs is required.
The mitochondrial genome of Oryza sativa L. cv. Taichung 65 (Poaceae)
Authors: Ichida Hiroyuki , Kazama Tomohiko , Arimura Shin-ichi , Toriyama Kinya
Published: March 2022

A complete mitochondrial genome sequence was determined by a hybrid approach with long- and short-read sequences in a japonica rice cultivar Taichung 65. The assembled mitochondrial genome was 401,060 bases in length and an overall GC content of 43.88% and predicted to harbor 57 protein-encoding, 18 transfer RNA, and 3 ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic and sequence polymorphism analysis indicated that Taichung 65 is classified as typical japonica. The mitochondrial genome resource would serve as a fundamental tool to investigate cytoplasmic male sterility in rice.
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability in Mozambique: The Role of Institutional Trust
Authors: Hu Bo , Yang Wei , Bouanchaud Paul , Chongo Yolanda , Wheeler Jennifer , Chicumbe Sergio , Chissano Marcos
Published: March 2022

Background

Vaccination plays an imperative role in protecting public health and preventing avoidable mortality. Yet, the reasons for vaccine hesitancy are not well understood. This study investigates the factors associated with the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine in Mozambique.

Methods

The data came from the three waves of the COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) survey which followed a cohort of 1,371 adults in Mozambique over three months (N=3,809). Data collection was through a structured questionnaire using telephone interviewing (CAPI). Multilevel regression analysis was conducted to identify the trajectories of, and the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability.

Results

There was great volatility in COVID-19 vaccine acceptability over time. Institutional trust was consistently and strongly correlated with different measures of vaccine acceptability. There was a greater decline in vaccine acceptability in people with lower institutional trust. The positive correlation between institutional trust and vaccine acceptability was stronger in younger than older adults. Vaccine acceptability also varied by gender and marital status.

Conclusions

Vaccine acceptability is sensitive to news and information circulated in the public domain. Institutional trust is a central driver of vaccine acceptability and contributes to the resilience of the health system. Our study highlights the importance of health communication and building a trustful relationship between the general public and public institutions in the context of a global pandemic.
Emx1-Cre is expressed in peripheral autonomic ganglia that regulate central cardiorespiratory functions
Authors: Ning Yao , Noebels Jeffrey L. , Aiba Isamu
Published: March 2022

The Emx1-IRES-Cre transgenic mouse is commonly used to direct genetic recombination in forebrain excitatory neurons. However, the original study reported that Emx1-Cre is also expressed embryonically in peripheral autonomic ganglia, which could potentially affect the interpretation of targeted circuitry contributing to systemic phenotypes. Here, we report that Emx1-Cre is expressed in the afferent vagus nerve system involved in autonomic cardiorespiratory regulatory pathways. Our imaging studies revealed expression of Emx1-Cre driven tdtomato fluorescence in the afferent vagus nerve innervating the dorsal medulla of brainstem, cell bodies in the nodose ganglion, and their potential target structures at the carotid bifurcation such as the carotid sinus and the superior cervical ganglion. Photostimulation of the afferent terminals in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in vitro using Emx1-Cre driven ChR2 reliably evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in the postsynaptic neurons with electrophysiological characteristics consistent with the vagus afferent nerves. In addition, optogenetic stimulation targeting the Emx1-Cre expressing structures identified in this study, such as vagus nerve, carotid bifurcation, and the dorsal medulla surface transiently depressed cardiorespiratory rate in urethane anesthetized mice in vivo. Together, our study demonstrates that Emx1-IRES-Cre is expressed in the key peripheral autonomic nerve system and can modulate the cardiorespiratory function independently of forebrain expression. These results raise caution when interpreting the systemic phenotypes of Emx1-IRES-Cre conditional recombinant mice, and also suggest the utility of this line to investigate the modulators of afferent vagal system.

Significance Statement

Emx1-IRES-Cre mice are widely used to dissect critical circuitry underlying neurological disorders such as epilepsy. These studies often assume the Cre is expressed selectively in forebrain excitatory neurons. However, earlier work reported that Emx1 is expressed in several peripheral tissues of the developing embryo and thus gene recombination may affect these peripheral structures. In this study, we characterized the expression and physiological functions of Emx1-Cre expressed in the vagus nerve, the critical peripheral autonomic component. Optogenetic stimulation of these Emx1-Cre+ neurons activates the nucleus tractus solitarius neurons within the brainstem in vitro and induces complex cardiorespiratory reflex in vivo. This study confirmed that peripheral Emx1-Cre+ cells are involved in autonomic regulation and potentially affect transgenic mouse phenotypes.
Periodic solutions for a class of fifth-order differential equations
Authors: Berrehail Chems Eddine , Bouslah Zineb
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This study aims to provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors shall use the averaging theory, more precisely Theorem $6$.

Findings

The main results on the periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation (equation (1)) are given in the statement of Theorem 1 and 2.

Originality/value

In this article, the authors provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation.
Unsteady numerical investigation of nanofluid mixed convection within a cubic cavity with periodic motion of double oscillatory walls
Authors: Nouari Soufiane , Bara Elhafad , Lafdaili Zakaria , EI-Hamdani Sakina , Bendou Abdelaziz , Doghmi Hicham
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the oscillatory movement on heat transfer within a double periodic lid-driven cubic enclosure filled with copper-water nanofluid and to figure out how the oscillations impact the fluid flow and thermal behavior inside the enclosure. The authors asserted that this study will help to improve the heat transfer efficiency and the thermal performance of various technical engineering equipments.

Design/methodology/approach

The cubic enclosure is heated differentially; the left side is cold, the right one is warm and the remaining walls are insulated. Based on the movement directions of the upper and bottom lids, two cases for lid-driven walls are examined (Case 1: same movement for both lids; Case 2: opposite movement for the lids). The finite volume approach was implemented to solve the time-dependent three-dimensional momentum and energy equations, adopting the power low as a scheme of resolution. The numerical study was carried out for a range of parameters: volume fraction (0 ≤φ≤ 0.06), Richardson number (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), non-dimensional lid frequency (2π/50 ≤Ω≤ 2π/10) and fixed Grashof number 105.

Findings

The numerical simulations were executed for two different cases of the direction of the motion of the oscillatory lids. Based on the findings obtained, decreasing the Richardson number with low lids frequency gives the best heat transfer enhancement for both cases. Furthermore, in the same conditions, swapping from Case 2 to Case 1 leads to enhancing the maximum average Nusselt number obtained by 29.74%. At a high Richardson number, using high lids frequency increases the heat transfer rate compared to using low lids frequency (an enhancement of 4.32% for Case 1 and 3.63% for Case 2). The best heat transfer rate was established for Case 1 when the lids move positively, transporting the cold flow to the hot side. In all cases, increasing the concentration of nanoparticles improves the heat transfer.

Originality/value

The current study gives an understanding of the problem of mixed convection in a cubic enclosure with oscillatory walls, which has received little attention. And also, there has been no study published on unsteady mixed convection within a double oscillatory lid-driven cavity.
“Think entrepreneur – think male”: the effect of reduced gender stereotype threat on women's entrepreneurial intention and opportunity motivation
Authors: Laguía Ana , Wach Dominika , Garcia-Ael Cristina , Moriano Juan A.
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Entrepreneurship, which traditionally has been a male occupation, still attracts fewer women than men. Challenging gender stereotypes within entrepreneurship is one avenue to increase women's entrepreneurial intention and promote women entrepreneurship. This study adapts the “think manager – think male” leadership perspective to the entrepreneurship context and explores gender stereotype's implications for both entrepreneurial intention and motivation to become an entrepreneur.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 902 Spanish non-entrepreneurs, both male and female, were randomly asked about the representation of successful entrepreneurs (no-gender-mention), successful men entrepreneurs or successful women entrepreneurs (reduced stereotype threat condition vs no-gender-mention or men entrepreneurs' conditions). Then, female participants' entrepreneurial intention, its antecedents (i.e. attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) and necessity vs opportunity motivation were measured and compared to their male counterparts' scores in those three conditions.

Findings

Female participants reported higher entrepreneurial intention, self-efficacy and opportunity motivation when assigned to the successful women entrepreneurs' condition. Younger participants – compared to older ones – also exhibited higher entrepreneurial intention and opportunity motivation, more positive attitudes toward entrepreneurship and higher scores in subjective norms. Furthermore, findings suggest a woman entrepreneur seems to be less accessible (or more counter-stereotypical) to male participants than to female participants and, thus, the “think entrepreneur – think male” bias is more noticeable in male participants. Therefore, reducing negative stereotype threat for women in entrepreneurship may increase women's entrepreneurial career aspirations. This is of utmost importance to optimize training courses and mentoring programs to strengthen women's self-efficacy in their entrepreneurial skills and capabilities.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature about gender, entrepreneurial intention and motivation by adapting a leadership paradigm (“think manager – think male”) to entrepreneurship (“think entrepreneur – think male”). These findings shed new light on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and motivation and have implications for policy measures. Acknowledging that exposure to successful women entrepreneurs as role models potentially facilitates entrepreneurship among women, governments should provide tailor-made incentives and support for women entrepreneurs in the form of awareness raising, networking and in the mass media.
You cannot be good at everything: tradeoff and returns in healthcare services
Authors: Thirumalai Sriram , Lindsey Scott , Stratman Jeff K.
Published: March 2022

Purpose

In the face of growing demand for care and tightening resource constraints, hospitals need to ensure access to care that is affordable and effective. Yet, the multiplicity of objectives is a key challenge in this industry. An understanding of the interrelationships (tradeoffs) between the multiple outcome objectives of care (throughput, experiential and financial performance) and returns to operational inputs (diversification of care) is fundamental to improving access to care that is effective and affordable. This study serves to address this need.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical analysis in the study builds on an output-oriented distance function model and uses a longitudinal panel dataset from 153 hospitals in California.

Findings

This study results point to key insights related to output–output tradeoffs along the production frontier. Specifically, the authors find that higher throughput rates may lead to significantly lower levels of experiential quality, and net revenue from operations, accounting for the clinical quality of care. Similarly, the authors’ findings highlight the resource intensity and operational challenges of improving experiential quality of care. In regards to input–output relationships, this study finds diversification of care is associated with increased throughput, improvements in service satisfaction and a corresponding increase in the net revenue from operations.

Originality/value

Highlighting the tradeoffs along the production frontier among the various outcomes of interest (throughput, experiential quality and net revenue from operations), and highlighting the link between diversification of care and care delivery outcomes at the hospital level are key contributions of this study. An understanding of the tradeoffs and returns in healthcare delivery serves to inform policy-making with key managerial implications in the delivery of care.
A fuzzy decision framework of lean-agile-green (LAG) practices for sustainable vaccine supply chain
Authors: Yadav Amit Kumar , Kumar Dinesh
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The already-strained vaccine supply chain (VSC) of the expanded program for immunization (EPI) require a more robust and structured distribution network for pandemic/outbreak vaccination due to huge volume demand and time constraint. In this paper, a lean-agile-green (LAG) practices approach is proposed to improve the operational, economic and environmental efficiency of the VSC.

Design/methodology/approach

A fuzzy decision framework of importance performance analysis (IPA)–analytical hierarchy process (AHP)–technique for order for preference by similarity in ideal solution (TOPSIS) has been presented in this paper to prioritize the LAG practices on the basis of the influence on performance indicators. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to check the robustness of the presented model.

Findings

The derived result indicates that sustainable packaging, coordination among supply chain stakeholders and cold chain technology improvement are among the top practices affecting most of the performance parameters of VSC. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the priority of practices is highly dependent on the weightage of performance indicators.

Practical implications

This study's finding will help policymakers reframe strategies for sustainable VSC (SVSC) by including new management practices that can handle regular immunization programs as well as emergency mass vaccination.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that proposes the LAG framework for SVSC. The IPA–Fuzzy AHP (FAHP)–Fuzyy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) is also a novel combination in decision-making.
Yield curve reactions to fiscal sentiment in Brazil
Authors: Montes Gabriel Caldas , da Fonseca Vítor Manuel Araújo
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Using a fiscal sentiment indicator, this study aims to verify whether fiscal sentiment affects the yield curve in Brazil. Since policymakers highlight the coordination between monetary and fiscal policies and the importance of fiscal policy to the expectations formation process in inflation targeting regimes, the authors also explore the transmission mechanism through inflation expectations. Hence, the study also analyzes the effect of fiscal sentiment on interest rate swap spreads through the inflation expectations channel.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on information obtained from official communiqués about fiscal policies issued by the Central Bank of Brazil and the Brazilian Ministry of Finance, the study builds a fiscal sentiment indicator. The econometric strategy to verify whether fiscal sentiment is related to the short tail of the yield curve is based on time series analysis through ordinary least squares and generalized method of moments estimates. In turn, to estimate the transmission mechanism through inflation expectations, the model uses interaction terms between fiscal sentiment and inflation expectations.

Findings

The results suggest a more optimistic (pessimistic) fiscal sentiment reduces (increases) swap spreads. The findings reveal that improvements in fiscal credibility and a more optimistic fiscal sentiment are able to reduce the positive marginal effect that inflation expectations variations have on interest rate swap spreads.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature, as, to the best of authors’ knowledge, it is the first to analyze the content of the communiqués related to fiscal policy, and based on this content, it extracts the sentiment related to the fiscal environment and analyzes the effect of this sentiment on the yield curve. Besides, different from existing studies that analyze the effect of fiscal backward-looking aspects (such as public debt, budget balance, taxes and public spending) on the yield curve, this study investigates forward-looking aspects related to fiscal policy (such as fiscal credibility and fiscal sentiment).
The relative impact of employees’ discrete emotions on employees’ negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) and counterproductive workplace behavior (CWB)
Authors: Lee Sang Bong , Liu Shih Hao , Maertz Carl
Published: March 2022

Purpose

With the emergence of a variety of communication channels on social media, employees have more opportunities to engage with external stakeholders for or against their organizational brand. In such a context, focusing on negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) as an employee’s negative discretionary brand-oriented behavior, the current study aimed to identify negative emotions that can serve as drivers for NWOM more strongly than for counterproductive workplace behavior (CWB), relying on the discrete emotion perspective. This study also aimed to examine whether employees’ perceived brand knowledge can directly diminish employees’ NWOM and CWB and attenuate the influence of negative emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire was used to gather relevant data, which were analyzed by structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings showed that anger was more strongly associated with employees’ NWOM than withdrawal and that envy was more strongly associated with CWB toward individuals than employees’ NWOM. Employees’ perceived brand knowledge was negatively associated with both NWOM and CWB directly and mitigated the association of negative emotions such as anger and envy with CWB, but not with NWOM.

Originality/value

Based on the discrete emotion perspective, the current study explored the relative magnitude of emotional antecedents for employees’ NWOM and conventional CWB. Also, it expanded the previous findings on the positive effects of perceived brand knowledge on the positive outcomes of employees’ actions and its mitigating effects on NWOM and CWB.
Valuing sustainability part 1: a review of sustainability consideration in valuation practice
Authors: Warren-Myers Georgia
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The research investigates valuers' understanding of the value of sustainability in property and its consideration in valuation practice. The paper explores the extant research that has examined valuers' perceptions of the relationships between sustainability and market values, sustainability measurement, value relationships and the standards and guidelines released industry bodies.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper, part 1 of 2, reports the current state of play of valuation research in the consideration of sustainability in valuation practice and the role of industry bodies in the guidance regarding sustainability consideration in valuation. The second paper provides the next rendition of a longitudinal study examining valuation practice in Australia.

Findings

The paper provides an overview of the evolution of the consideration of sustainability in property over the past two decades. Providing insights of how the property sector, its markets and valuation professionals have responded to answering the questions of: what is the value of sustainability? Whilst earlier publications both industry and academic publications alike focussed on the normative aspects of how sustainability should affect value, more recent research starts to ascertain the implications of sustainability on property values. Despite industry bodies providing information, education, guidelines and standards, it would seem that valuers in their practice are still grappling with the challenges of understanding the rapidly evolving area of sustainability, environmental, social and governance and climate risks in valuations.

Research limitations/implications

The paper does not present as an authority on all research that has been conducted to date, it provides an overview of the evolving nature of both academic research and industry consideration of sustainability, particularly in a valuation context. This provides the background for Part 2.

Practical implications

The broader agenda of net zero, climate change, mitigation and carbon requirements, whether driven by market forces or government legislation, are generating substantial changes in property markets, as investors reconsider their positions and model the implications of carbon emissions on their bottom lines. Government policies appear to have a considerable influence over market behaviours, which filters through to stakeholder decision-making. However, despite government policies, clear market signalling and industry body guidance on valuing sustainability, the content and depth of sustainability consideration in valuation are still limited.

Originality/value

The paper provides an overview of the last decade of research into the value of sustainability and the evolving nature of information and guidance for valuers to identify, evaluate and consider sustainability in valuation.
Content analysis of reports of student suicide deaths in South African print medium newspapers
Authors: Ned Lieketseng Yvonne , Chinyamurindi Willie Tafadzwa , Bantjes Jason
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The aim was to assess the quality of newspaper reporting of university student suicides in South Africa, using the World Health Organisation guidelines. Suicide among university students is a growing public health problem. The media has an important role to play in preventing student suicides by adhering to international best practice guidelines on ethical reporting of suicides.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducted a content analysis of print medium newspaper articles in the 13 most widely read English language South African newspapers from the period of January 2017 to January 2020.

Findings

The initial search yielded a total of 28 news reports, of which 19 met this study’s inclusion criteria and were analysed using content analysis. The quality of reporting showed both potentially harmful and helpful characteristics. Poor adherence to international reporting guidelines were found in the description of method and location of suicide, sensational headlines, publishing photos of the deceased, linking suicide to criminality, simplistic narration of the life events leading to the suicide and use of sensational and potentially triggering language. No reports adhered to all reporting guidelines. Findings suggests that there are widespread potentially unhelpful practices in the reporting of student suicides and a need for suicide prevention experts to work with journalists to promote critical reflexivity and ethical reasoning when writing about student suicides.

Research limitations/implications

This study only included news reports published in English in the most widely read newspapers.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to systematically examine media reporting on suicide in South Africa.
Frontier hotspots and trend evolution of cultural and creative design in China—an empirical research on CNKI-based bibliometrics
Authors: Feng Xin , Yu Lei , Kong Weixin , Wang Jingya
Published: March 2022

Purpose

With the continuous improvement of social and economic development as well as the rising level of demand for spiritual life, the design of cultural and creative products has ushered in new opportunities and challenges. Therefore the research related to cultural and creative products design is an inevitable choice for industrial innovation and market competition. The article aims to analyze the frontier hotspots and trend evolution of theoretical research on cultural and creative design in China by presenting different research fields, personnel and institutions embodied by cultural and creative products, thus providing a forward-looking development reference for China's special cultural and creative product design practice.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the visualized citation analysis tool — CiteSpace V is used to analyze and map the relevant literature of Chinese cultural and creative design in CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) as the data sources, through bibliometric methods, in order to study the application development of Chinese cultural and creative design and provide reference for the application research of Chinese cultural and creative industries.

Findings

With the improvement of China's comprehensive strength, cultural self-confidence and strategy are being paid more and more attention by scholars; with the future research of China's cultural and creative design theory, cross-integration becomes the future trend; with the gradual maturity of China's cultural and creative design methodology, how to choose the right method for pioneering research is a difficulty for the future development of cultural and creative design; with the continuous development of China's economy, the method construction of innovative cultural and creative industry system becomes the focus of future research; with the continuous progress of science and technology, the integration of emotion and product industry is the mainstream of future development on cultural and creative design.

Originality/value

Through an objective empirical analysis of the development of Chinese cultural and creative products, it will broaden the research horizons of relevant scholars, understand the development direction of China's cultural and creative industries, enrich the design practice application of Chinese cultural and creative products, enhance the understanding of international counterparts on Chinese cultural and creative design research and promote the exchange among international counterparts.
Reestablishing the legitimacy after fraud: does corporate governance structure matter?
Authors: Rizwan Sohail , Chughtai Sumayya
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The study aims to yield evidence on the relation between the quality of governance characteristics and the firms' financial credibility involved in financial violations.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses annual data ranging from 2000 to 2018. The sample consists of 154 nonfinancial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange, comprising 77 fraudulent and 77 non-fraudulent companies. To examine the relationship between improvements in the governance structure and financial credibility of the firms, hypotheses are tested using the univariate analysis and multivariate regression model through the ordinary least square method.

Findings

The results affirm that fraud firms are possessed with poor governance structure compared to control firms in the pre-fraud year. The findings further imply that an improved governance structure brings foremost performance in stock price. The results of the study divulge that board of directors characteristic i.e. change in outside directors' percentage has a significant positive impact (β = 0.015, p = 0.05) on the financial credibility of the firms. The governance variables in terms of CEO-COB joint position has a significant negative (β = −0.824, p = 0.05) association with the financial credibility, which means that whenever CEO-COB joint position enhances, the financial credibility of the firms decreases. However, governance variables in the context of blockholders percentage has a significant positive (β = 0.13, p = 0.01) impact on financial credibility. The results of the study overall indicate that the governance structure has a significant influence on the financial performance of firms in the stock market.

Originality/value

The study provides an understanding of how fraudulent firms rehabilitate their governance structure and accrue economic benefits by the means of financial credibility after when the fraud is made public. It also adds to the literature in the area of corporate frauds specifically the role of governance structure in the financial performance of fraudulent firms in the stock market; this field is in its initial stage, even in developed countries, while, in developing countries, little work has been done.
Knowledge management in offshoring innovation by SMEs: role of internal knowledge creation capability, absorptive capacity and formal knowledge-sharing routines
Authors: Khraishi Ahmad , Paulraj Antony , Huq Fahian , Seepana Chandrasekararao
Published: March 2022

Purpose

In spite of the increased attention on knowledge management processes as important variables for firms to generate performance benefits within supply chain literature, little is known about how these variables could impact offshoring innovation (OI) relationships held by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Considering their growing importance, this study aims to investigate the interplay between the internal knowledge creation capability, absorptive capacity and formal knowledge routines in attaining OI performance benefits for SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach

Grounded in the knowledge-based view theory, this study forwards various hypotheses between the variables of interests. The authors test the hypotheses using survey data collected from 200 European SMEs that engage in offshore supplier relationships.

Findings

The findings suggest that internal knowledge creation capability is positively associated to absorptive capacity. Not only is absorptive capacity positively associated to OI performance outcomes but it also positively mediates the effect of internal knowledge creation capability on OI performance. Additionally, formal knowledge-sharing routines negatively moderate the relationship between absorptive capacity and OI performance.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the supply chain as well as SMEs innovation literature by empirically showing that through enhanced internal knowledge creation capability, absorptive capacity goes beyond merely accessing and assimilating the supplier’s knowledge to achieve innovation gains. The results suggest that to succeed in gaining knowledge and subsequent performance benefits within OI, it is essential for SMEs to create and retain knowledge internally.
Adalimumab in Japanese patients with active ulcers of pyoderma gangrenosum: Final analysis of a 52‐week phase 3 open‐label study
Authors: Yamasaki Kenshi , Yamanaka Keiichi , Zhao Yiwei , Iwano Shunsuke , Takei Keiko , Suzuki Koji , Yamamoto Toshiyuki
Published: March 2022

In this 52‐week, phase 3 open‐label study, efficacy and safety of adalimumab were evaluated in Japanese patients with active ulcers due to pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) during a 26‐week treatment period and another 26‐week extension period. Patients received adalimumab 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2, and 40 mg every week from week 4. At week 26, 12 of 22 patients (54.5%, p < 0.001) achieved the primary efficacy endpoint of PG area reduction 100 (PGAR 100, complete skin re‐epithelialization) for the target ulcer. Nine patients with Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA) score of 1, 2, or 3, including four patients achieving PGAR 100, continued into the extension period. During the extension period, six of nine patients (66.7%) achieved PGAR 100 for the target PG ulcer at 52 weeks; one patient who achieved PGAR 100 before week 26 experienced a relapse 162 days after achieving this endpoint. Six patients achieved PGA 0 by week 52, and one patient reported new ulcers at day 57 of the extension period. Continued improvements from study baseline to week 52 were observed in pain (mean [95% CI] –4.0 [−6.5 to −1.5] numeric rating scale) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (−7.3 [−15.1 to 0.4]). In addition to the adverse events (AE) reported in 18 patients (including four serious AE) through week 26 (most commonly infections [n = 11]), there was one 1 additional AE (infection) during the extension period. These results suggest that adalimumab is effective and generally well tolerated in Japanese patients with active PG ulcers.
Three cases of drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with mRNA‐based coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines
Authors: Korekawa Ayumi , Nakajima Koji , Fukushi Karen , Nakano Hajime , Sawamura Daisuke
Published: March 2022

Drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS) is a severe drug eruption that can induce reactivation of herpesviruses such as human herpesvirus 6, resulting in symptom flare‐up and organ damage. DiHS is known as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in Europe. We report three cases of DiHS that could have been triggered by mRNA‐based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines. In these three patients, symptoms of DiHS developed 2–6 days after the first dose of an mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccine. Although there have been no reports of DiHS/DRESS induced by mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccines in domestic and international journals despite the progress in vaccination worldwide, we speculate that mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccines might have triggered the development of DiHS/DRESS in our patients. In the current coronavirus epidemic, it might be important to assess mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccination status and date of vaccination when evaluating a patient with DiHS/DRESS.
Short‐term morbidity and types of intrapartum hypoxia in the newborn with metabolic acidaemia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: di Pasquo Elvira , Commare Arianna , Masturzo Bianca , Paolucci Sonia , Cromi Antonella , Montersino Benedetta , Germano Chiara M. , Attini Rossella , Perrone Serafina , Pisani Francesco , Dall'Asta Andrea , Fieni Stefania , Frusca Tiziana , Ghi Tullio
Published: March 2022

Objectives

To assess labour characteristics in relation to the occurrence of Composite Adverse neonatal Outcome (CAO) within a cohort of fetuses with metabolic acidaemia.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Three Italian tertiary maternity units.

Population

431 neonates born with acidaemia ≥36 weeks.

Methods

Intrapartum CTG traces were assigned to one of these four types of labour hypoxia: acute, subacute, gradually evolving and chronic hypoxia. The presence of CAO was defined by the occurrence of at least one of the following: Sarnat Score grade ≥2, seizures, hypothermia and death <7 days from birth.

Main outcome measures

To compare the type of hypoxia on the intrapartum CTG traces among the acidaemic neonates with and without CAO.

Results

The occurrence of a CAO was recorded in 15.1% of neonates. At logistic regression analysis, the duration of the hypoxia was the only parameter associated with CAO in the case of an acute or subacute pattern (odds ratio [OR] 1.3; 95% CI 1.02–1.6 and OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.0–1.1, respectively), whereas both the duration of the hypoxic insult and the time from PROM to delivery were associated with CAO in those with a gradually evolving pattern (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.01–1.3 and OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.0–1.7, respectively). The incidence of CAO was higher in fetuses with chronic antepartum hypoxia than in those showing CTG features of intrapartum hypoxia (64.7 vs. 13.0%; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The frequency of CAO seems related to the duration and the type of the hypoxic injury, being higher in fetuses showing CTG features of antepartum chronic hypoxia.

Tweetable abstract

This study demonstrates that in a large population of neonates with metabolic acidaemia at birth, the overall incidence of short‐term adverse outcome is around 15%. Such risk seems closely correlated to the duration and the type of hypoxic injury, being higher in fetuses admitted in labour with antepartum chronic hypoxia than those experiencing intrapartum hypoxia.
Did prescribing laws disproportionately affect opioid dispensing to Black patients?
Authors: Townsend Tarlise N. , Bohnert Amy S. B. , Lagisetty Pooja , Haffajee Rebecca L.
Published: March 2022

Objective

To evaluate whether pain management clinic laws and prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) prescriber check mandates, two state opioid policies with relatively rapid adoption across states, reduced opioid dispensing more or less in Black versus White patients.

Data Sources

Pharmacy claims data, US sample of commercially insured adults, 2007–2018.

Study Design

Stratifying by race, we used generalized estimating equations with an event‐study specification to estimate time‐varying effects of each policy on opioid dispensing, comparing to the four pre‐policy quarters and states without the policy. Outcomes included high‐dosage opioids, overlapping opioid prescriptions, concurrent opioid/benzodiazepines, opioids from >3 prescribers, opioids from >3 pharmacies.

Data Extraction Methods

We identified all prescription opioid dispensing to Black and White adults aged 18–64 without a palliative care or cancer diagnosis code.

Principal Findings

Exactly 7,096,592 White and 1,167,310 Black individuals met inclusion criteria. Pain management clinic laws were associated with reductions in two outcomes; their association with high‐dosage receipt was larger among White patients. In contrast, reductions due to PDMP mandates appeared limited to, or larger in, Black patients compared with White patients in four of five outcomes. For example, PDMP mandates reduced high‐dosage receipt in Black patients by 0.7 percentage points (95% CI: 0.36–1.08 ppt.) over 4 years: an 8.4% decrease from baseline; there was no apparent effect in White patients. Similarly, while there was limited evidence that mandates reduced overlapping opioid receipt in White patients, they appeared to reduce overlapping opioid receipt in Black patients by 1.3 ppt. (95% CI: −1.66–−1.01 ppt.) across post‐policy years—a 14.4% decrease from baseline.

Conclusions

PDMP prescriber check mandates but not pain management clinic laws appeared to reduce opioid dispensing more in Black patients than White patients. Future research should discern the mechanisms underlying these disparities and their consequences for pain management.
Radiation oncology peer review in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Chin Stephen , Or Michelle , Ong Wee Loon , Millar Jeremy , Chilkuri Madhavi , Vinod Shalini
Published: March 2022

Peer review is a part of high quality care within radiation oncology, designed to achieve the best outcomes for patients. We discuss the importance of and evidence for peer review in clinical practice. The Royal Australia and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) has evolved a Peer Review Assessment Tool (PRAT) since 1999. We report the results of a RANZCR faculty survey conducted in radiation oncology facilities across Australia and New Zealand to guide the 2019 PRAT revision process, and discuss the development and implementation of the 2019 PRAT. Peer‐review processes are now mandated as a component of Australian and International Quality Standards. Several practical recommendations might address challenges for effective implementation of peer review process in routine clinical practice. This includes prioritising tumour sites and treatment techniques for peer review within the time and resources constraints of each institution, improving resource allocation, ensuring optimal timing and duration for peer review meetings, and adopting multi‐centre virtual peer review meeting where necessary.
Structured Reporting in Radiology: what do radiologists think and does RANZCR have a role in implementation
Authors: Pool Felicity J. , Ferris Nicholas , Siwach Piyush , Siemienowicz Miranda
Published: March 2022

Introduction

The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) established a working group to explore how the college should engage with the future development of structured radiology reporting in our region, particularly in the context of a broader move to digital healthcare. Phase 1 of the project surveyed college members and affiliated interest groups about how they are using structured reporting currently and might like it to evolve.

Methods

Member and interest group questionnaires were based on previously published studies and posted to the Survey Monkey platform. Responses were analysed descriptively.

Results

There were 114 members and 58 affiliated group responses. There is clearest support for RANZCR developing guidelines around structured report quality, for improvements in report content, particularly tailoring to clinical context and study parameters, and for improved integration of structured reporting and RIS/PACS systems.

Conclusions

Phase 2 of the structured reporting working group project will aim to develop guidelines for structured report quality and processes through which RANZCR can implement them.