bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compassionate Care of the Patient Who Uses Substances
Authors: Knapp Michelle , Gilles Selena
Published: February 2020

Given the high rate of infection secondary to substance use, infusion nurses have a unique opportunity to compassionately engage individuals with substance use problems. Compassion is an essential ingredient of nursing practice, yet compassionate care of the individual who uses substances may seem difficult to navigate. This article provides the infusion nurse with the essential principles of compassionate care of the patient who uses substances. A fundamental understanding of how to work with patients who use substances may enhance the infusion nurse's practice.
Subgaleal Hemorrhage Secondary to Child Physical Abuse in a 4-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Bowens Joseph P. , Liker Kelly
Published: February 2020

Subgaleal hemorrhage is commonly described in the neonatal population but is a rare injury in young children and adolescents. Though infrequently seen, it can follow blunt head trauma or hair pulling. This case report details a 4-year-old African American boy with massive subgaleal hemorrhage and bilateral periorbital swelling and ecchymosis as a result of hair pulling in the setting of child physical abuse. The patient was evaluated in the emergency department for swelling of his scalp several hours after reportedly bumping his head on a chair. He was discharged home after a head computed tomography only confirmed soft tissue hematoma. The following morning, the findings progressed and he returned to the emergency department. He was triaged as a trauma and initially evaluated by the emergency physician, pediatric trauma surgeon, and pediatric neurosurgeon. Head computed tomography scan confirmed diffuse scalp edema without skull fracture or intracranial pathology. The child abuse specialty service was consulted for suspected child physical abuse. Their examination revealed numerous scattered bruises on the trunk and thighs, several of which were patterned. Local police investigation resulted in the patient's grandfather confessing to striking the patient with a belt and picking him up from the ground by his hair, the latter of which is a mechanism consistent with the patient's dramatic scalp and facial findings. The authors encourage consultation by a specialist in child abuse pediatrics for subgaleal hemorrhage and/or raccoon eyes in the presence of minor trauma, as well as thorough head-to-toe skin examination for all children presenting with injuries.
A Framework for Quality Assurance of Pediatric Revisits to the Emergency Department
Authors: Marchese Ronald F. , Taylor April , Voorhis Catherine B. , Wall Jessica , Szydlowski Ellen G. , Shaw Kathy N.
Published: February 2020

Background

Emergency department return visits significantly impact medical costs and patient flow. A comprehensive approach to understanding these patients is required to identify deficits in care, system level inefficiencies, and improve diagnosis specific management protocols. We aimed to identify factors needed to successfully analyze return visits to explore root causes leading to unplanned returns and inform system-level improvements.

Methods

A multidisciplinary committee collaborated to develop a quality review process for return visits within 72 hours to our pediatric emergency department that were then subsequently admitted to the hospital. The committee developed methodology and a web-based tool for chart review and analysis.

Results

Of 197,076 ED visits (159,164 discharged at initial visit), 5390 (3.4%) patients were discharged and represented to the ED within 72 hours and 1658 (1.0%) of those resulted in admission. Using defined criteria, approximately one third (n = 564) of revisits with admission were identified for chart review. Reason for revisit included natural progression of disease (67.6%), new condition or problem (11.2%), diagnostic error (6.9%), and scheduled or planned readmissions (3.5%). All diagnostic errors had not been previously identified by ED leadership. Of the reviewed cases, most were not preventable (84.0%); however, a number of system-level actions resulted from discussion of the potentially preventable revisits.

Conclusions

Seventy-two-hour ED revisits were efficiently and systematically categorized with determination of root causes and preventability. This process resulted in shared provider-level feedback, identifying trends in revisits, and implementation of system-level actions, therefore, encouraging other institutions to adopt a similar process.
Epidemiological Development of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in China and Its Forecast
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Sun Panpan , Li Ruiling , Zhao Liang , Wang Yanli , Jiang Lifang , Wang Haili , Deng Jinbo
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

The novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) infected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was broken out in Wuhan and Hubei province for more than a month. It severely threats people’s health of thousands in Chin and even other countries. In order to prevent its wide spread, it is necessary to understand the development of the epidemic with precise mathematical language.

METHODS

The various data of novel coronavirus pneumonia were collected from the official websites of the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China. According to epidemic and administrative division, three groups were divided to analyze the data, Hubei Province (including Wuhan), nationwide without Hubei and Henan Province. With classic SIR models, the fitting epidemiological curves of incidence have made, and basic reproduction number (R0) was also calculated as well. Therefore the disease’s infection intensity, peak time and the epidemiological end time can be deduced.

RESULTS

(1) Wuhan was the origin place of the epidemic, then it spread to Hubei province quickly. The patients in Hubei had increased rapidly with exponential rise. According to data in Hubei province, the fitting parabolas were made, and some with 51,673 cases. R0 curve shows with S-curve, at early breakout, R0 was as high as 6.27, then it decrease gradually. It is expected to approach to zero in early May; (2) In the group of nationwide without Hubei, the patient cases were much lower than Hubei, but its epidemiological fitting curve also shows a parabola as Hubei. The peak will arrive around February 10 with 9,145 cases. At beginning, R0 was as high as 2.44, then it decreases gradually and approach to zero in the end of March. (3) In Henan Province, the incidence stays very low, the parabolic fitting curve is similar to the nationwide without Hubei. The epidemic is expected to reach the peak on around February 12 and end in early April.

CONCLUSION

The epidemic development in all three groups shows parabolic curves. Their incidences are expected to reach their peaks on February 18 in Hubei, on February 10 in other areas of China. The epidemic will end in early May in Hubei, and in early April in other areas of China. Our study may provide useful knowledge for the government to make prevention and treatment policies.
Demonstration of four entities of appendicitis in China through studying cluster/outbreak
Authors: Guo Yi-Tian , Ye De-qiang , Yang Gui-fang , Liu Guozhen , Cui Xiao-chen , Tan Shi-Yun , Guo Yi
Published: February 2020

Objective

To differentiate different entities of appendicitis through studying cluster/outbreak, ascertain common setting of cluster/outbreak, and provide the epidemiological evidences of infectious etiology of appendicitis.

Background

Differential diagnosis and management for perforated appendicitis and non-perforated appendicitis and the infectious etiology of appendicitis are current hot topics.

Methods

Field investigation for Tibetan students were carried out and reports published in English and Chinese medical journals were reviewed.

Results

The literature review included 473 patients in 7 cluster/outbreaks of appendicitis in 6 provinces and autonomous regions. All the clusters/outbreaks occurred in group living units. We found two classic entities of appendicitis with natural history from non-perforated appendicitis to perforated appendicitis and two entities of non-perforated appendicitis. In classic entities, one may represent majority of sporadic patients and the other may represent partial sporadic patients with obvious gastrointestinal manifestation. In entities of non-perforated appendicitis, one was identical to features of sporadic non-perforated appendicitis and the other one is identical to the following Tibetan students and associated with Fusobacterium.

The field investigation for 120 Tibetan students with appendicitis showed that the resected appendices exhibited diffuse or focal hemorrhages and infiltration by eosinophils and by lymphocytes. Most patients had normal body temperature, white blood cell count and neutrophil count. This is a new entity of appendicitis.

The clusters/outbreaks of appendicitis showed the features of infectious disease in epidemiology. The entity of perforated appendicitis was not found.

Conclusion

Studying cluster/outbreak is a good method to differentiate different entities of appendicitis and infectious etiology.
Alzheimer’s disease genetic risk and sleep phenotypes: association with more slow-waves and daytime sleepiness
Authors: Muto Vincenzo , Koshmanova Ekaterina , Ghaemmaghami Pouya , Jaspar Mathieu , Meyer Christelle , Elansary Mahmoud , Van Egroo Maxime , Chylinski Daphne , Berthomier Christian , Brandewinder Marie , Mouraux Charlotte , Schmidt Christina , Hammad Grégory , Coppieters Wouter , Ahariz Naima , Degueldre Christian , Luxen André , Salmon Eric , Phillips Christophe , Archer Simon N. , Yengo Loic , Byrne Enda , Collette Fabienne , Georges Michel , Dijk Derk-Jan , Maquet Pierre , Visscher Peter M. , Vandewalle Gilles
Published: February 2020

Study Objectives

Sleep disturbances and genetic variants have been identified as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Our goal was to assess whether genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) for AD associate with sleep phenotypes in young adults, decades before typical AD symptom onset.

Methods

We computed whole-genome Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) for AD and extensively phenotyped sleep under different sleep conditions, including baseline sleep, recovery sleep following sleep deprivation and extended sleep opportunity, in a carefully selected homogenous sample of healthy 363 young men (22.1 y ± 2.7) devoid of sleep and cognitive disorders.

Results

AD PRS was associated with more slow wave energy, i.e. the cumulated power in the 0.5-4 Hz EEG band, a marker of sleep need, during habitual sleep and following sleep loss, and potentially with large slow wave sleep rebound following sleep deprivation. Furthermore, higher AD PRS was correlated with higher habitual daytime sleepiness.

Conclusions

These results imply that sleep features may be associated with AD liability in young adults, when current AD biomarkers are typically negative, and the notion that quantifying sleep alterations may be useful in assessing the risk for developing AD.

Statement of Significance

We show that the genetic liability for developing for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as grasped over the entire genome using polygenic risk scores (PRS), is associated with sleep intensity and daytime sleepiness in healthy individuals devoid of sleep disorders and aged < 30 y, i.e. 30 to 60 years before typical onset of AD cognitive symptoms. Sleep features may be associated with AD liability in young adults, when current AD biomarkers are typically negative. The findings reinforce the notion that quantifying sleep alterations may be useful in assessing the risk for developing AD.
Intranasal oxytocin enhances approach-related EEG frontal alpha asymmetry during engagement of direct eye contact
Authors: Soriano Javier R. , Daniels Nicky , Prinsen Jellina , Alaerts Kaat
Published: February 2020

The neuropeptide oxytocin is suggested to exert a pivotal role in a variety of complex human behaviors, including interpersonal bonding, trust, and attachment. Recent theories have suggested that the role oxytocin plays in these complex social behaviors involves a modulation of motivational tendencies of approach/avoidance-related behaviors. However, to date, direct neurophysiological evidence supporting this notion is limited. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with parallel design, we assessed the effects of administered intranasal oxytocin in 40 adult men on gaze behavior and a neural marker of approach/avoidance motivational tendencies. Specifically, electroencephalography recordings were performed during the engagement of eye contact with a live model in a naturalistic two-person social context and electroencephalographic frontal alpha asymmetry, an established neurophysiological index of motivational tendencies for approach/avoidance-related behaviors, was assessed. Compared to placebo, a single dose of oxytocin (24 international units) was shown to increase relative left-sided frontal asymmetry upon direct eye contact with a live model, which is indicative of an increase in approach-related motivational tendencies toward the presented eye contact stimulus. Notably, the treatment effect was most prominently observed in participants with lower self-reported social motivation (higher Motivation subscale scores on the Social Responsiveness Scale), indicating that participants with lower social motivation benefitted the most from the administered oxytocin. No treatment-specific changes were identified in terms of gaze behavior toward the eye region of the live model. Together, these observations add neurophysiological evidence to the hypothesized role of oxytocin in modulating approach/avoidance related tendencies and suggest that inter-individual variance in person-dependent factors need to be considered in order to evaluate the potential benefit of intranasal oxytocin as a treatment. This notion is of particular relevance to the variety of neuropsychiatric populations such as autism spectrum disorder, social anxiety disorder and depression, for which intranasal oxytocin is increasingly considered a potential treatment.
The HARE chip for efficient time-resolved serial synchrotron crystallography
Authors: Mehrabi Pedram , Müller-Werkmeister Henrike M. , Leimkohl Jan-Philipp , Schikora Hendrik , Ninkovic Jelena , Krivokuca Silvia , Andriček Ladislav , Epp Sascha W. , Sherrell Darren , Owen Robin L. , Pearson Arwen R. , Tellkamp Friedjof , Schulz Eike C. , Miller R. J. Dwayne
Published: February 2020

Serial synchrotron crystallography (SSX) is an emerging technique for static and time-resolved protein structure determination. Using specifically patterned silicon chips for sample delivery, the `hit-and-return' (HARE) protocol allows for efficient time-resolved data collection. The specific pattern of the crystal wells in the HARE chip provides direct access to many discrete time points. HARE chips allow for optical excitation as well as on-chip mixing for reaction initiation, making a large number of protein systems amenable to time-resolved studies. Loading of protein microcrystals onto the HARE chip is streamlined by a novel vacuum loading platform that allows fine-tuning of suction strength while maintaining a humid environment to prevent crystal dehydration. To enable the widespread use of time-resolved serial synchrotron crystallography (TR-SSX), detailed technical descriptions of a set of accessories that facilitate TR-SSX workflows are provided.
Appraisal on corrosion performances of CrNi, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 hot work mold
Authors: Dejun Kong , Jiahong Li
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the salt spray corrosion (SSC) and electrochemical corrosion performances of CrNi, TiAlN/NiCr and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 steel, which improved the corrosion resistance of H13 hot work mold.

Design/methodology/approach

CrNi, TiAlN/NiCr and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings were fabricated on H13 hot work mold steel using a laser cladding and cathodic arc ion plating. The SSC and electrochemical performances of obtained coatings were investigated using a corrosion test chamber and electrochemical workstation, respectively. The corrosion morphologies, microstructure and phases were analyzed using an electron scanning microscope, optical microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively, and the mechanisms of corrosion resistance were also discussed.

Findings

The CrNi coating is penetrated by corrosion media, producing the oxide of Fe3O4 on the coating surface; and the TiAlN coating is corroded to enter into the CrNi coating, forming the oxides of TiO and NiO, the mechanism is pitting corrosion, whereas the CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coating is not penetrated, with no oxides, showing the highest SSC resistance among the three kinds of coatings. The corrosion potential of CrNi coating, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings was –0.444, –0.481 and –0.334 V, respectively, and the corresponding polarization resistances were 3,074, 2,425 and 86,648 cm2, respectively. The electrochemical corrosion resistance of CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coating is the highest, which is enhanced by the additions of Al2O3 and TiO2.

Originality/value

The CrNi, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 hot work mold were firstly evaluated by the SSC and electrochemical performances.
Ultra-low-power time-efficient circuitry of dual comparator/amplifier for SAR ADC by CMOS technology
Authors: Faheem Muhammad Yasir , Zhong Shun'an , Wang Xinghua , Azeem Muhammad Basit
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Successive approximation register (SAR) analogue to digital converter (ADC) is well-known with regard to low-power operations. To make it energy-efficient and time-efficient, scientists are working for the last two decades, and it still needs the attention of the researchers. In actual work, there is no mechanism and circuitry for the production of two simultaneous comparator outputs in SAR ADC.

Design/methodology/approach

A small-sized, low-power and energy-efficient circuitry of a dual comparator and an amplifier is presented, which is the most important part of SAR ADC. The main idea is to design a multi-dimensional circuit which can deliver two quick parallel comparisons. The circuitry of the three devices is combined and miniaturized by introducing a lower number of MOSFET’s and small-sized capacitors in such a way that there is no need for any matching and calibration.

Findings

The supply voltage of the proposed comparator is 0.7 V with the overall power consumption of 0.257mW. The input and clock frequencies are 5 and 50 MHz, respectively. There is no requirement for any offset calibration and mismatching concerns due to sharing and centralization of spider-latch circuitry. The total offset voltages are 0.13 0.31 mV with 0.3VDD to VDD. All the components are small-sized and miniaturized to make the circuit cost-effective and energy-efficient. The rise and response time of comparator is around 100 ns. SNDR improved from 56 to 65 dB where the input-referred noise of an amplifier is 98mVrms.

Originality/value

The proposed design has no linear-complexity compared with the conventional comparator in both modes (working and standby); it is ultimately intended and designed for 11-bit SAR ADC. The circuit based on three rapid clock pulses for three different modes includes amplification and two parallel comparisons controlled and switched by a latch named as “spider-latch”.
The role of the media in socially responsible investing
Authors: Lei Shan , Zhang Yafei
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This study aims to understand how media content and media sentiment in corporate social responsibility (CSR) news coverage affect investment performance, as reflected in the S&P 500 Environmental and Socially Responsible Index from 2010 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach

Computer-assisted content analysis and sentiment analysis are employed to analyze 818 CSR-related newspaper articles from mainstream newspapers. Autoregressive model is used to comprehend socially responsible investment (SRI) performance.

Findings

This study reveals the impact of media content and media sentiment of CSR-related news articles on SRI. The authors’ findings indicate that such topics as recognition of a company's CSR contributions in CSR-related news articles are positively associated with SRI performance, whereas topics such as tax avoidance and environmental protection show a negative relationship with SRI performance. In addition, this study contributes to the authors’ understanding of framing bias in investment by confirming a significant positive association between an uncertain or constraining media sentiment and SRI performance, as well as a negative relationship between a litigious sentiment and SRI performance.

Originality/value

There has been limited attention to examining the effect of media coverage of CSR on the financial market. Since SRI is one of the most useful financial indices for SRIs, it is meaningful to explore the relationship between media coverage of CSR and SRI. To fill the research gap, this study specifically examines how media coverage of CSR-related issues is associated with SRI performance.
Sustainability coursework: student perspectives and reflections on design thinking
Authors: Clark Renee M. , Stabryla Lisa M. , Gilbertson Leanne M.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess particular student outcomes when design thinking was integrated into an environmental engineering course. The literature is increasingly promoting design thinking for addressing societal and environmental sustainability engineering challenges. Design thinking is a human-centered approach that identifies needs upfront.

Design/methodology/approach

In an undergraduate engineering course, Design for the Environment, students have begun to obtain hands-on experience in applying design thinking to sustainability challenges. This case study investigates the association between the use of design thinking and student creativity with sustainability design solutions. Student perspectives on their own creativity and future sustainable design practices as a result of the course were also investigated.

Findings

The findings were favorable for design thinking, being associated with a significant difference and medium-to-large effect with regards to solution novelty. A qualitative analysis showed a positive association between design thinking and students’ perceptions of their creativity and future anticipated sustainability practices. Using a content analysis of reflective writings, students’ application of design thinking was assessed for comprehensiveness and correctness. A two-week introductory design-thinking module and significant use of in-class active learning were the course elements that most notably impacted students’ use of design thinking.

Practical implications

This case study preliminarily demonstrates that application of design thinking within an environmental engineering course may be associated with beneficial outcomes related to creativity and sustainability.

Originality/value

A review of the literature did not uncover studies of the use of design thinking for undergraduate socio-environmental challenges to promote creativity and sustainable-practices outcomes, although the literature has been calling for the marrying of these two areas.
Congestion, popular world heritage tourist attractions and tourism stakeholder responses in Macao
Authors: Du Cros Hilary , Kong Weng Hang
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to offer advice to the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) Government regarding the tourist and traffic flow concerning how these contribute to congestion in World Heritage Site (WHS) elements and make recommendations regarding the management of tourist flows and traffic congestion.

Design/methodology/approach

The research undertaken in this study is partially longitudinal. The case study is also partially ethnographic in that tourist behaviour at key sites has been observed. Concerning the specific methodology applied, data collection techniques are chosen to provide a multiplicity of data sources: on-site observation and semi-structured telephone interviews.

Findings

The study is found that Macao was at a crossroad. All stakeholders needed to take some responsibility for implementing actions recommended that would ensure that Macao SAR’s World Heritage assets would be used responsibly for future, as well as for present generations.

Originality/value

The study has shown that better and long-term understanding of congestion is necessary to inform better visitor management decision-making, enhance tourist experience and discover the factors that influence visitor satisfaction. It is also needed to reveal aspects of stakeholder readiness and barriers to action.
Implementation and adoption of CRM and co-creation leveraging collaborative technologies
Authors: Dubey Neeraj Kumar , Sharma Preeti , Sangle Purnima
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to study the role of the emerging technology landscape and collaborative platforms in customer relationship management (CRM) unravelling novel opportunities for mutual co-creation in Indian banking context.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used the case-study method for collecting various sources for “triangulation”.

Findings

The advancement of technology has drastically increased avenues of dialogue and access and brought transparency in the relationship, offering opportunities for co-creation and increased dependence on technology in CRM. A longitudinal approach explained how bank leveraged technology in multiple aspects of CRM for enhancing relationship quality and outcome.

Research limitations/implications

The study is exploratory in nature in Indian banking context, and thus it should be viewed as a preliminary step in contributing to the understanding of CRM in a new collaborative technology landscape.

Practical implications

This study explains the changing shape of CRM and provides relevance of customer orientation and offers insight about co-creation which has taken centre stage because of the emergence of collaborative technologies.

Originality/value

This study is possibly one of the first to conduct a case study to understand the way collaborative technological advancements are being exploited by organisations to develop superior CRM capability and achieve co-creation. This study analysed and comprehended the design and implementation of CRM in an Indian bank in real-life settings to gain a better understanding of the adoption of new collaborative technological advancements by a bank for customer centricity and facilitating co-creation.
The moderating effects of transformational leadership and self-worth in the idiosyncratic deals – employee reactions relationship
Authors: Katou Anastasia , Budhwar Pawan , Chand Mohinder D.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper examines the relationship between timing of negotiations and idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) through the moderating effects of core self-evaluations (CSE), and between i-deals and employee reactions through the moderating effects of transformational leadership behaviour (TLB) in the Indian hospitality industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 275 employees working in 39 companies responded to a self-administered questionnaire. To test the research hypotheses, the methodology of structural equation models was used.

Findings

The results show that the relationship between before hiring negotiations and i-deals is stronger for those individuals who had low self-worth, due to countervailing forces created by their belief that they may not be eligible for i-deals. In contrast, the relationship between after hiring negotiations and i-deals is stronger for those who had high self-worth, due to their belief that they were entitled to i-deals. Additionally, the research highlights that the relationship between i-deals and employee reactions is stronger for those organisations, which are high on TLB.

Research limitations/implications

The data does not allow for investigating dynamic causal inferences, because they were collected using a questionnaire at a single point in time, and they were reported in retrospect, raising measurement concerns about recall bias.

Practical implications

From a managerial point of view, the findings of this study inform that in negotiating both employment conditions and work arrangements, organisations should try to achieve i-deals that are primarily flexibility focused, and that in increasing efficiency organisations should make the employees feel well supported in order to develop more confidence in deploying skills and abilities to address a more open view of their i-deals.

Originality/value

The study contributes to our understanding about the Indian hospitality industry by utilising the self-enhancement theory in examining whether individual differences moderate the relationship between the timing of negotiations and i-deals, and also by utilizing the social exchange theory to examine whether TLB moderates the relationship between i-deals and employee reactions.
Too much love will kill you: the development and function of group emotional awareness
Authors: Boroş Smaranda , Vîrgă Delia
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to enhance clarity for the conceptualization and measurement of group emotional awareness by defining it as an emergent state. The authors explore the emergence of this state through two studies designed to explore the four characteristics (global, radically novel, coherent and ostensive) of emergent phenomena (Waller et al., 2016).

Design/methodology/approach

In Study 1, the authors explore in an experimental setting the formation of group emotional awareness and regulation as emergent states as a result of compositional effects (team members’ self-perceptions of their individual emotional awareness capabilities) and group norms regarding emotional awareness. Study 2 uses an experimental design to explore how pre-existing expectations of group emotional awareness, based on previous dyadic interactions between team members, can prevent conflict escalation (from task to relationship conflict) in project teams.

Findings

Individual perceptions of members’ own abilities and group norms interact in the emergence of group emotional awareness. Group emotion regulation can develop only under an optimal level of emergent group emotional awareness; groups that build emotional awareness norms compensate for their members’ low awareness and develop equally efficient regulatory strategies as groups formed of emotionally aware individuals. However, the conjunction of personal propensity towards awareness and explicit awareness norms blocks the development of regulatory strategies. Group emotional awareness (both as a developed state and as an expectation) reduces the escalation of task to relationship conflict.

Originality/value

Designing for the exploration of the four characteristics of emergence allowed us to gain new insights about how group emotional awareness emerges and operates too much awareness can hurt, and affective group expectations have the power to shape reality. These findings have strong implications for practitioners’ training of emotional awareness in organizations.
Circ‐IGF1Rinhibits cell invasion and migration in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Zhanyu , Xiang Weiwei , Chen Wenjie , Sun Yu , Qin Fanglu , Wei Jiangbo , Yuan Liqiang , Zheng Liping , Li Shikang
Published: February 2020

Background

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel molecular marker and target candidate that is closely associated with tumor invasion and migration. The mechanism of action of hsa_circ_0005035 (circ‐IGF1R) in non‐small cell lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to study the mechanism of action of circ‐IGF1R in lung cancer.

Methods

We screened circ‐IGF1R, one of the most notable differential expressions, from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, GSE104854, for further research. The expression level of circ‐IGF1R was examined using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in five different lung cancer cell lines and 50 pairs of lung cancer and adjacent tissues. Wound‐healing and Transwell assays were used for verifying the biological function of circ‐IGF1R. The effect of overexpressing circ‐IGF1R on the transcriptome of whole lung cancer cells was explored in lung cancer cell lines using RNA‐seq.

Results

The expression level of circ‐IGF1R was notably lower in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines than in the adjacent normal tissues and cells (P < 0.0001). In addition, the expression level of circ‐IGF1R was associated with larger tumors (T2/T3/T4) and lymph node metastasis (N1/ N2/N3) (P < 0.05). The overexpression of circ‐IGF1R significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of the lung cancer cells. The potential network of circ‐IGF1R–miR‐1270–VANGL2 was preliminarily determined, and the expression patterns of miR‐1270 and VANGL2 were verified in lung cancer cell lines.

Conclusion

Circ‐IGF1R may inhibit lung cancer invasion and migration through a potential network of circ‐IGF1R–miR‐1270–VANGL2.
Preimplantation genetic testing legislation and accessibility in the Nordic countries
Authors: Hreinsson Julius , Lundin Kersti , Iwarsson Erik , Hausken Jon , Einarsson Snorri , Grøndahl Marie Louise , Hydén‐Granskog Christel , Ingerslev Hans Jakob
Published: February 2020

Introduction

Assisted reproduction technologies are being rapidly developed and implementation of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) has allowed patients with genetic disorders to initiate pregnancies while minimizing or eliminating the risk of transmitting these disorders to their offspring. Testing for numeric chromosomal anomalies has been proposed as a way to increase efficacy in assisted reproduction; however, this remains disputed. Legislation is lagging behind the rapid developments in this field.

Material and methods

We conducted a structured online survey of legislation and accessibility to preimplantation genetic testing in the Nordic countries to compare the regulation and uptake of this technique. The survey was designed and answered by the authors.

Results

Key elements in the regulation of preimplantation testing for monogenic disorders and structural rearrangements are similar in the Nordic countries, although accessibility varies since only Denmark, Finland, and Sweden have national clinics offering treatment. In addition, Denmark and Finland have private clinics offering PGT. Regulation is the most stringent in Norway where a national board evaluates all couples seeking treatment. Treatment volumes vary between the Nordic countries, with Norway and Finland having lowest treatment numbers. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy in the embryo varies between the Nordic countries: Finland and Iceland allow this form of treatment, Denmark and Sweden offer it only in the form of a research protocol, and Norway does not allow it at all. Therefore the number of treatment cycles involving testing for embryo aneuploidy are lower in the Nordic countries than in other countries where this treatment option is more common.

Conclusions

Science needs to inform politics regarding the rapidly evolving field of reproductive medicine and we recommend harmonization of legislation and accessibility between the Nordic countries.
Direct clipping method with a repositioning endoscopic clip for colonic diverticular bleeding
Authors: Suzuki Sho , Esaki Mitsuru , Ichijima Ryoji
Published: February 2020

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Deciphering lifelong thermal niche using otolith δ18O thermometry within supplemented lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations
Authors: Morissette Olivier , Bernatchez Louis , Wiedenbeck Michael , Sirois Pascal
Published: February 2020

The selection of thermal habitat by fish is strongly regulated by physiology and behaviour. However, delineation of a species lifelong thermal niche remains technically challenging. Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) survival and productivity are recognised as being tightly linked to a somewhat restricted thermal habitat. The factors guiding temperature selection during each life stage remain poorly understood.

In this study, we tested the significant factors controlling the realised thermal niche of lake trout from two southern Quebec small boreal lakes that experienced supplementation stocking during the last 20 years. We used oxygen stable isotope (δ18O) thermometry of otolith calcium carbonates (aragonite) using secondary‐ion mass spectrometry to estimate experienced lifelong temperatures. We investigated the thermal habitat of lake trout with known genotypes (local, hybrid, and stocked).

Ontogeny and genetic origin influenced temperature selection in both studied lake trout populations. Young‐of‐the‐year consistently used warmer, shallower habitats (10.7 ± 2.6°C, 7.5 m depth) prior to a juvenile transition to colder and deeper waters (8.5 ± 3.3°C, 10 m depth). Stocked lake trout, originating from a genetically distinct ecotype, exhibited a more variable thermal niche, with some individuals consistently using warmer habitat (10.4 ± 1°C) than local fish. Their hybrid progeny also occupied a warmer thermal niche, intermediate to the parental strains. We propose that increased fat content and genetic origin are potential explanatory factors for warmer temperature use.

This study reiterates that high‐resolution otolith δ18O thermometry is a uniquely well‐suited approach for unravelling the multiple factors that influence lifelong temperature selection in fish. Our results illustrate that the realised thermal niche is influenced by a genetic–environment interaction.
The impact of exchange rate volatility on inflation targeting monetary policy in emerging and advanced economies
Authors: Keefe Helena Glebocki
Published: February 2020

Exchange rate volatility is a stated concern for policymakers in many emerging market economies. This paper investigates whether exchange rate volatility impacts the commitment to inflation targeting monetary policy by analyzing thirteen emerging market economies and nine advanced economies from 2000 to 2016. Using a dynamic panel threshold regression model, the response of the domestic target interest rate to the inflation gap, output gap, and exchange rate condition is tested in scenarios of above‐threshold and below‐threshold exchange rate volatility. Both emerging and advanced economies adhere to their inflation targeting commitments when exchange rate volatility is below 1%, but are unable or unwilling to respond to deviations in the inflation gap when volatility is beyond this threshold value.
Effects of prior knowledge and joint attention on learning from eye movement modelling examples
Authors: Chisari Lucia B. , Mockevičiūtė Akvilė , Ruitenburg Sterre K. , van Vemde Lian , Kok Ellen M. , van Gog Tamara
Published: February 2020

Eye movement modelling examples (EMMEs) are instructional videos of a model's demonstration and explanation of a task that also show where the model is looking. EMMEs are expected to synchronize students' visual attention with the model's, leading to better learning than regular video modelling examples (MEs). However, synchronization is seldom directly tested. Moreover, recent research suggests that EMMEs might be more effective than ME for low prior knowledge learners. We therefore used a 2 × 2 between‐subjects design to investigate if the effectiveness of EMMEs (EMMEs/ME) is moderated by prior knowledge (high/low, manipulated by pretraining), applying eye tracking to assess synchronization. Contrary to expectations, EMMEs did not lead to higher learning outcomes than ME, and no interaction with prior knowledge was found. Structural equation modelling shows the mechanism through which EMMEs affect learning: Seeing the model's eye movements helped learners to look faster at referenced information, which was associated with higher learning outcomes.
A case of self‐improving collodion ichthyosis in Vietnam
Authors: Diep Quang Minh , Luong Long Hoang , Tran Thinh Huy , Dinh Oanh Thi Lan , Nguyen Hung Quoc , Bui The‐Hung , Ta Thanh Van , Tran Van Khanh
Published: February 2020

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of congenital disorders characterized by aberrant skin cornification and diffuse skin scaling. Some patients with this condition are born encased in a collodion membrane which is later shed, revealing the underlying skin disorder. Self‐healing collodion baby (SHCB) is a less common phenotype of this disorder, accounting for about 10% of the patients, in which the membrane peels after several weeks, leaving no underlying skin aberration. Here, we report and discuss the diagnosis and management of an infant with SHCB in Vietnam due to compound heterozygous pathogenic mutations in TGM1.
Summary of Japanese Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines 2015
Authors: Hosono Shigeharu , Tamura Masanori , Isayama Tetsuya , Sugiura Takahiro , Kusakawa Isao , Ibara Satoshi ,   on behalf of Neonatal Resuscitation Committee
Published: February 2020

The Japan Resuscitation Council joined the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) as a member of the Resuscitation Council of Asia in 2006. In 2007, the Japan Society of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine (JSPNM), which is a member of an affiliated body, launched the Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (NCPR) program as an authorized project to ensure that all staff involved in perinatal and neonatal medicine can learn and practice neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the Consensus on Science with Treatment Recommendations developed by ILCOR. The content of courses in the NCPR program is based on the NCPR guidelines. These guidelines are revised by the Japan Resuscitation Council according to the Consensus on Science with Treatment Recommendations, which is updated by ILCOR every 5 years. The latest updated edition in Japanese was published in 2016 and we translated these Japanese guidelines to English in 2018. Here, we introduce a summary of the NCPR guidelines 2015 in Japan. The NCPR 2015 algorithm has two flows, “lifesaving flow” and “stabilization of breathing flow” at the first branching point after the initial step of resuscitation.
Photoinactivation of Moraxella catarrhalis Using 405‐nm Blue Light: Implications for the Treatment of Otitis Media
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Chang Qihang , Ferrer‐Espada Raquel , Leanse Leon G. , Goh Xueping Sharon , Wang Xiuli , Gelfand Jeffrey A. , Dai Tianhong
Published: February 2020

Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the major otopathogens of otitis media (OM) in childhood. M. catarrhalis tends to form biofilm, which contributes to the chronicity and recurrence of infections, as well as resistance to antibiotic treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antimicrobial blue light (aBL; 405 nm), an innovative nonpharmacological approach, for the inactivation of M. catarrhalis OM. M. catarrhalis either in planktonic suspensions or 24‐h old biofilms were exposed to aBL at the irradiance of 60 mW cm−2. Under an aBL exposure of 216 J cm−2, a >4‐log10 colony‐forming units (CFU) reduction in planktonic suspensions and a >3‐log10 CFU reduction in biofilms were observed. Both transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed aBL‐induced morphological damage in M. catarrhalis. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography results indicated that protoporphyrin IX and coproporphyrin were the two most abundant species of endogenous photosensitizing porphyrins. No statistically significant reduction in the viability of HaCaT cells was observed after an aBL exposure of up to 216 J cm−2. Collectively, our results suggest that aBL is potentially an effective and safe alternative therapy for OM caused by M. catarrhalis. Further in vivo studies are warranted before this optical approach can be moved to the clinics.
Community Influences on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Comparison of Four Francophone West African Countries
Authors: Hayford Sarah R. , Garver Sarah , Soura Abdramane B. , Cheong Yuk Fai , Grose Rose Grace , Yount Kathryn M.
Published: February 2020

Despite long‐term efforts to encourage abandonment of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGMC), the practice remains widespread globally. FGMC is situated in specific social and historical contexts, and both prevalence and rates of decline vary widely across practicing countries. However, cross‐national comparative research on the determinants of FGMC is sparse. This paper adds to the limited body of rigorous, theoretically grounded quantitative studies of FGMC and takes a step toward advancing cross‐national comparative research. We apply an integrated theoretical framework that brings together norms‐based and gender‐based explanations of community‐level influences on FGMC. We test this framework in four francophone West African countries, drawing on comparable nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys in Burkina Faso (2010), Côte d'Ivoire (2011–2012), Guinea (2012), and Mali (2012–2013). Results show that community‐level FGMC norms and community‐level gendered opportunities are associated with girls’ risk of FGMC, but that the direct and moderating associations vary qualitatively across countries. Our findings highlight the contribution of context‐specific social and institutional processes to the decline or persistence of FGMC.
A review of microalgae and other treatment methods of distillery wastewater
Authors: Amenorfenyo David Kwame , Huang Xianghu , Li Changling , Li Feng , Zeng Qitao , Zhang Ning , Xie Lishi , Wang Peiming
Published: February 2020

Many industries including distilleries continue to contribute to environmental pollution due to significant release of organic and inorganic pollutants as wastewater. This wastewater contains heavy metals and other toxic chemicals that lead to health‐related problems. Despite the advancement in treatment technologies, major treatment methods such as conventional treatment methods are still battering with the many challenges including high treatment and operational cost, and extensive use of chemicals that may lead to ecological imbalance. In this study, various treatment methods and pollutants removal capabilities were comprehensively discussed. This article also takes a comprehensive look at the alcohol production process and its wastewater generation, chemical characteristics and the health dangers posed by the distillery wastewater (DW). The article also looked at the various available treatment methods, emerging treatment methods, microalgae treatment method as well as challenges associated with microalgae wastewater treatment.