bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a fuzzy logic model for predicting soil infiltration rate based on soil texture properties
Authors: Dewidar Ahmed Z , Al-Ghobari Hussein , Alataway Abed
Published: August 2019

The prediction of the soil infiltration rate is advantageous in hydrological design, watershed management, irrigation, and other agricultural studies. Various techniques have been widely used for this with the aim of developing more accurate models; however, the improvement of the prediction accuracy is still an acute problem faced by decision makers in many areas. In this paper, an intelligent model based on a fuzzy logic system (FLS) was developed to obtain a more accurate predictive model for the soil infiltration rate than that generated by conventional methods. The input variables that were considered in the fuzzy model included the silt and clay contents. The developed fuzzy model was tested against both the observed data and multiple linear regression (MLR). The comparison of the developed fuzzy model and MLR model indicated that the fuzzy model can simulate the infiltration process quite well. The coefficient of determination, root mean square error, mean absolute error, model efficiency, and overall index of the fuzzy model were 0.953, 1.53, 1.28, 0.953, and 0.954, respectively. The corresponding MLR model values were 0.913, 2.37, 1.92, 0.913, and 0.914, respectively. The sensitivity results indicated that the clay content is the most influential factor when the FLS-based modelling approach is used for predicting the soil infiltration rate.
Experimental investigation of time-dependent local scour downstream of a stepped channel
Authors: Aksoy Aysegul Ozgenc , Dogan Mustafa
Published: August 2019

In this study, temporal variation of local scour occurring at the downstream part of the stepped channel were investigated experimentally. The experimental tests were carried out in a stepped flume with a height of 2.4 m. The width of the rectangular flume was 0.10 m and the length of the stilling basin was 2.12 m. Bed material was placed in a sediment box with a height of 24 cm and length of 2.48 m, without any compaction. Experiments were carried out by using bed material of 4 different grain size distributions, 2 different sill heights and 6 different flow rates. Two empirical equations which include Shields parameter (θ) and densimetric Froude particle number (Fd) were proposed by using the experimental findings to predict the temporal variation of the scour depth. The R2 (coefficient of determination) values were computed for both proposed equations as 0.866 and 0.865. The scatter index (SI) values were also determined and computed as 8.73% and 8.25%. The fit of the equations was also determined by means of Fisher’s test.
Garden irrigation as household end-use in the presence of supplementary groundwater supply
Authors: Meyer Bettina Elizabeth , Jacobs Heinz Erasmus
Published: August 2019

Garden irrigation is a significant and variable household water end‑use, while groundwater abstraction may be a notable supplementary water source available in some serviced residential areas. Residential groundwater is abstracted by means of garden boreholes or well points and – in the study area – abstracted groundwater is typically used for garden irrigation. The volume irrigated per event is a function of event duration, frequency of application and flow rate, which in turn are dependent on numerous factors that vary by source – including water availability, pressure and price. The temperature variation of groundwater abstraction pipes at residential properties was recorded and analysed as part of this study in order to estimate values for three model inputs, namely, pumping event duration, irrigation frequency, and flow rate. This research incorporates a basic end‑use model for garden irrigation, with inputs derived from the case study in Cape Town, South Africa.  The model was subsequently used to stochastically evaluate garden irrigation. Over an 11-d period, 68 garden irrigation events were identified in the sample group of 10 residential properties. The average garden irrigation event duration was 2 h 16 min and the average daily garden irrigation event volume was 1.39 m3.
Review: Climate change and the water footprint of wheat production in Zimbabwe
Authors: Govere Simbarashe , Nyamangara Justice , Nyakatawa Emerson Z
Published: August 2019

Reductions in the water footprint (WF) of crop production, that is, increasing crop water productivity (CWP), is touted as a universal panacea to meet future food demands in the context of global water scarcity. However, efforts to reduce the WF of crop production may be curtailed by the effects of climate change. This study reviewed the impacts of climate change on the WF of wheat production in Zimbabwe with the aim of identifying research gaps. Results of the review revealed limited local studies on the impacts of climate change on the WF of wheat production within Zimbabwe. Despite this, relevant global and regional studies suggest that climate change will likely result in a higher WF in Zimbabwe as well as at the global and regional level. These impacts will be due to reductions in wheat yields and increases in crop water requirements due to high temperatures, despite the CO2 fertilization effect. The implications of a higher WF of wheat production under future climate change scenarios in Zimbabwe may not be sustainable given the semi-arid status of the country. The study reviewed crop-level climate change adaptation strategies that might be implemented to lower the WF of wheat production in Zimbabwe.
Determining the Level of Bacteriological Pollution Level in Yağlıdere Stream, Giresun
Authors: AKKAN Tamer , MEHEL Sultan , MUTLU Cengiz
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the levels of bacteriological water quality and pollution in Yağlıdere Stream, Giresun, Turkey. For this purpose, surface water and sediment samples were collected monthly, from five stations between June 2013 and May 2014. A bacteriological assessment of water and sediment samples with a 22 °C to 37 °C temperature range, including total coliform bacteria (TC), fecal coliform bacteria (FC), fecal streptococcus (FS), and Escherichia coli were done. Analysis was performed according to standard methods. Water quality and pollution level in Yağlıdere Stream were assessed in accordance with both Turkish legislation and international criteria. The FC, FS and E. coli count were detected higher than the reference value at multiple stations in almost every month of the year indicates. In conclusion, it can be said that the bacteriological pollution level of both the surface water and sediment structure of the stream pose a threat to the ecosystem balance.
Ayvalı Deresinin Kirlilik Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Akay Enis , Kander Selman , Topaç Şağban F. Olcay
Published: August 2019

Nilüfer Çayı Bursa için önem arz eden bir su kütlesidir. Ancak birçok sanayi bölgesi tarafından kirletilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Nilüfer Çayı’nın bir kolu olan Ayvalı deresinin kirlilik yükünün ağır metal, anyon-katyon analizleri ve izorganik parametrelerce değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayvalı deresinde belirlenen dört istasyondan su numuneleri polietilen kaplarla alınmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliğinin (YSKY) sınıf değerlerine ve İnsani Tüketim Amaçlı Sular Hakkında Yönetmeliği (TS-266) limit değerlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayvalı deresinin YSKY’e göre III. ve IV. sınıf su kalitesinde olduğu görülmüştür. Nilüfer Çayı’nı etkileyen bu kirliliğin önlenebilmesi için bölgedeki sanayi atıklarının düzenli takip edilmesi ve periyodik olarak ölçümlerinin yapılması gerekmektedir.
Modulação da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em praticantes de CrossFit®
Authors: De Oliveira Francisco Tiago Oliveira , Ramos Ana Carolina Conceição , Almeida Celso Nascimento , Dos Santos Clarcson Plácido Conceição , De Oliveira Igor Alonso Andrade , Rocha Mendel Mônica Diniz , Santos Edson Carlos Leite , Costa Dias Cristiane Maria Carvalho
Published: August 2019

INTRODUÇÃO: O CrossFit® é um tipo de exercício físico que afeta a homeostase do corpo exigindo ajustes pela via autonômica. Devido sua intensidade de treino ocorre uma modificação no tônus vagal e adaptações fisiológicas cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Verificar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em praticantes de CrossFit®. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Corte transversal em praticantes de CrossFit® no período de março a junho de 2017, com idade ?18 anos, tempo de prática ?3 meses e uma frequência ?2 vezes na semana. Excluídos: fumantes, gestantes, comorbidades auto referidas (Diabetes Mellitus, hipertensão, doenças cardiorrespiratórias e disfunção na tireoide), mulheres no período menstrual, menopausa, ou aqueles que tiveram dificuldade na compreensão do teste proposto. Para a mensuração da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) foi utilizado o cardiofrequencimetro da marca Polar® modelo V800 heart rate monitor, para a sua análise foi utilizado KUBIOS HRV versão 2.0. Aprovação do CEP-BAHIANA. RESULTADOS: Foram pesquisados 16 participantes, com idade média de 32,11 ± 6,44 anos, 10 (62, 5%) homens. O IMC encontrado foi de 26,39± 3,80 kg/m², classificando 9 (56,3%) indivíduos como sobrepeso e 6 (37,5%) com peso normal. Os valores obtidos da VFC no domínio do tempo:VLFms2:1544(859-3640); LFms2:827(550-2115); HFms2:661(335-1577);LF/HF:1,18(0,86-1,8). CONCLUSÃO:Na amostra estudada, observou-se que praticantes de CrossFit® possuem leve predomínio da atividade simpática, especialmente o sexo masculino e naqueles que praticam atividade física cinco ou mais vezes por semana.
Aortic Banding in Mice v1
Authors: Abel Dale
Published: August 2019

Summary: This protocol describes the procedure used by the DiaComp for inducing pressure overload hypertrophy in mice. Diabetic Complication:
Conscious Cystometry Bladder Function Testing v1
Authors: Daneshgari Firouz
Published: August 2019

Summary: Cystometry is a test of bladder function in which pressure and volume of fluid in the bladder is measured during filling, storage, and voiding. A cystometry study is performed to diagnose problems with urination, including incontinence and urinary retention. This test should be done on the mice two days after SPT Implantation. Diabetic Complication: Reference 1. Cannon TW, Damaser MS: Effects of anesthesia on cystometry and leak point pressure of the female rat. Life Sci 69:1193-1202, 2001
Creatinine Companion Protocol Assay (Exocell) v1
Authors: Burke (Frank Brosius lab) Kathi , Reifsnyder (Ed Leiter Lab) Peter
Published: August 2019

Summary: This assay is designed for companion use with Exocell’s immunospecific ELISAs for urine albumin excretion, allowing expression of results as µg albumin per mg creatinine in the urine. Adaptation of creatinine measurement to microtiter wells enables convenient, simultaneous determination of albumin and creatinine concentrations in the same specimen, using analogous microtiter plate formats. Normalization of albumin excretion in relation to creatinine facilitates classification according to defined ranges of microalbuminuria, the established marker of the early diabetic renal dysfunction. The urine albumin-to-creatinine ration in a random urine specimen is an accepted alternative to cumbersome 24 urine collections in the detection and monitoring of microalbuminuria. The procedure is an adaptation of the alkaline picrate method and entails determination of the differential absorbance in a sample before and after the additions of acid to correct for color generation due to interfering substances. Diabetic Complication:
TRAP Assay v1
Authors: Feldman Eva
Published: August 2019

Summary: The use of total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) has recently been proposed to explore the antioxidant property of a plasma sample. This assay is a measure of oxidative stress in the animals. This protocol describes the procedure used by the DiaComp to measure TRAP. Diabetic Complications:
Protocol for Downscaling Satellite Soil Moisture Estimates using Geomorphometry and Machine Learning v1
Authors: Guevara Mario , Vargas Rodrigo
Published: August 2019

This protocol is composed of five steps for downscaling satellite soil moisture estimates using digital terrain parameters derived from a digital elevation models. We provide an alternative approach to predict soil moisture spatial patterns at higher spatial resolution (compared with current satellite soil moisture estimates) across areas where no information is otherwise available. This approach relies on geomorphometry derived terrain parameters and machine learning models to improve the statistical accuracy and the spatial resolution (from 27km to 1km grids) of satellite soil moisture information. This approach has been tested for this study across the conterminous United States on an annual basis (1991-2016). We first derived 15 primary and secondary terrain parameters from a digital elevation model. We trained a machine learning algorithm (i.e., kernel weighted nearest neighbors) for each year. Terrain parameters were used as predictors and annual satellite soil moisture estimates were used to train the models. We validate the models using cross-validation strategies and independent validation. The explained variance for all models-years was >70% (10-fold cross-validation). The 1km soil moisture grids (compared to the original satellite soil moisture estimates) had higher correlations with field soil moisture observations from the North American Soil Moisture Database (n=668 locations with available data between 1991-2013; 0-5cm depth) than the original product. We conclude that the fusion of geomorphometry methods and satellite soil moisture estimates is useful to increase the spatial resolution and accuracy of satellite-derived soil moisture. This approach can be applied to other satellite-derived soil moisture estimates and regions across the world.
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and closely related species by real-time PCR with the ZKIR system v1
Authors: Barbier Elodie , Rodrigues Carla , Depret Geraldine , Passet Virginie , Gal Laurent , Piveteau Pascal , Brisse Sylvain
Published: August 2019

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is of growing public health concern due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant and virulent strains. Taxonomically, Kp includes seven phylogroups, with Kp1 (K. pneumoniae sensu stricto) being medically prominent. Kp can be present in environmental sources such as soils and vegetation, which could act as reservoirs of animal and human infections. However, the current lack of screening methods to detect Kp in complex matrices limits research on Kp ecology. We designed a novel SYBR green real-time PCR assay, named the ZKIR assay, that targets Klebsiella pneumoniae and closely related species (phylogroups Kp1 to Kp7). Based on 48 Kp representing its phylogenetic breadth, and on 88 non-Kp strains, the ZKIR assay detected all Kp and was totally specific for Kp, as no false positive was found. We also tested this method on spiked soil microcosms after a 24 h enrichment step (in Lysogeny Broth supplemented with ampicillin 10 mg/l) and a short sample treatment. We showed that this procedure was sensitive enough to detect one single bacterium in 5 g of soil.
RNA Isolation v1
Authors: Brown Natalie
Published: August 2019

Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Use of Surgical Tissue Adhesive and Body Mass Change to Assess Ring-necked Pheasant Brood Foraging Habitat
Authors: Bogenschutz Todd R. , Jennelle Chris S. , McInroy Mark W. , Roberts Steven D.
Published: August 2019

Foraging rates (arthropod consumption [g/min/chick]) of human-imprinted chicks provide a reasonable metric for assessing the quality of brood-rearing habitats for gallinaceous species. Arthropod foraging rates have been estimated using dry mass or allometric equations of crop and gizzard contents, and internal surgical ligature of the crop. Current methods are time- and labor-intensive. We describe a new method to estimate foraging rate using chick mass change (g/min) during a 30-min foraging trial.

Our technique requires surgical tissue adhesive be applied to the cloaca to prevent bias in mass change measurements caused by defecation. We compare our mass change technique to a published internal surgical ligature technique using human-imprinted ring-necked pheasant chicks. Chicks treated with tissue adhesive had rates of mass gain (0.012 g/min, SE = 0.004) similar to ligatured chicks (0.006 g/min, SE = 0.004, F1,58 = 3.16, P = 0.0805). In contrast to the surgical ligature procedure, we found tissue adhesives can be applied quickly in the field and provide an efficient means to evaluate foraging quality of brood-rearing habitats. We provide suggestions for a set of standardized protocols for the use of imprinted chicks.
An Examination of Amplification and Attenuation Effects in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Using Spectral Ratios
Authors: Guo Zhen , Chapman Martin C.
Published: August 2019

The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain in the southern and southeastern United States contains extensive Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary sequences of variable thickness. We investigated the difference in response of sites in the Coastal Plain relative to sites outside that region using Fourier spectral ratios from 17 regional earthquakes occurring in 2010–2018 recorded by the Earthscope transportable array and other stations. We used mean coda and Lg spectra for sites outside the Coastal Plain as a reference. We found that Coastal Plain sites experience amplification of low‐frequency ground motions and attenuation at high‐frequencies relative to average site conditions outside the Coastal Plain. The spectral ratios at high frequencies gave estimates of the difference between kappa at Coastal Plain sites and the reference condition. Differential kappa values determined from the coda are correlated with the thickness of the sediment section and agree with previous estimates determined from Lg waves. Averaged estimates of kappa reach ∼120  ms at Gulf coast stations overlying ∼12  km of sediments. Relations between Lg spectral ratio amplitudes versus sediment thickness in successive frequency bins exhibit consistent patterns, which were modeled using piecewise linear functions at frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 2.8 Hz. For sediment thickness greater than ∼0.5  km, the spectral amplitude ratio at frequencies higher than approximately ∼3  Hz is controlled by the value of kappa. The peak frequency and maximum relative amplification at frequencies less than ∼1.0  Hz depend on sediment thickness. At 0.1 Hz, the mean Fourier amplitude ratio (Coastal Plain/reference) is about 2.7 for sediment of 12 km thickness. Analysis of residuals between observed and predicted ground motions suggests that incorporating the amplification and attenuation as functions of sediment thickness may improve ground‐motion prediction models for the Coastal Plain region.
Discapacidad, más que un concepto, un estilo de vida
Authors: Collazos Rozo Juan Manuel
Published: August 2019

Disability is a complex term, are deficiencies, limitations of activities and the restriction on full and effective participation in society. The above is the result of the interaction between the physical, intellectual, cognitive or mental deficiencies of the individual with different factors or those are considered as barriers in the environment of the disabled person
A rational pharmacotherapeutic study of comparative safety among topical anti-acne 1% nadifloxacin monotherapy, 0.1% adapalene monotherapy, 0.025% tretinoin monotherapy, 1% nadifloxacin and 0.1% adapalene combination therapy and 1% nadifloxacin and 0.025% tretinoin combination therapy, in mild to moderate acne vulgaris, in tertiary care hospitals
Authors: Hazra Moumita
Published: August 2019

Background: Topical adapalene and tretinoin, are comedolytic, anti-comedogenic and anti-inflammatory, on RAR (α, β, γ) receptors binding. Adapalene enables quicker follicular penetration, by lesser anti-AP-1 (c-Jun, c-Fos) and no CRBPII mRNA actions, causing chemical stability, lipophilicity and less photo-lability, producing lesser photosensitivity and no skin irritation, unlike tretinoin; wherein reducible by overnight application and combination therapy, slow-release polymers or emollients, respectively. Topical nadifloxacin is bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and comedolytic, with inhibitory effect on DNA gyrase, DNA topoisomerase IV and IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8. The Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Guidelines recommend synergistic and additive combination therapies, which enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. Due to inadequacy of data, this study was conducted, to compare the safety among topical anti-acne monotherapies and combination therapies, and to easily detect any adverse effect producing component in the topical combination therapy.Methods: In this multi-centre, prospective, randomised, open-labelled, comparative study, groups A, B, C, D and E (20 patients each), applied topical 1% nadifloxacin monotherapy, 0.1% adapalene monotherapy, 0.025% tretinoin monotherapy, 1% nadifloxacin and 0.1% adapalene combination therapy and 1% nadifloxacin and 0.025% tretinoin combination therapy, respectively, over their facial mild to moderate acne lesions, once daily overnight; and adverse effects, like erythema, scaling, dryness, prutitus, burning, or stinging, were assessed on 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 days and follow-ups, by Local Irritation Scale.Results: In all 5 groups, no adverse effects were observed, with no statistically significant difference among the observations.Conclusions: The therapies were well tolerated and safe among all 5 groups.
A prospective study to evaluate pelvic bone mineral density changes in patients of cervical cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy: study protocol
Authors: Kumar Divyesh , Singh Tulika , Bansal Pooja , Rai Bhavana
Published: August 2019

Background: Cancer treatment induced bone loss has been retrospectively studied as a distinct entity in gynaecological cancers. Amongst gynaecological cancers, cervical cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, majorly in developing countries. Concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) is considered as the standard of care in managing these patients. Persistent low back ache is often reported as a potential post treatment sequalae by long term survivors of cervical malignancy. Various retrospective studies done have observed reduced density and osteopenia of the bones in the irradiated area, as a possible etiologic factor for persistent low back ache.

Methods: We in this prospective clinical trial propose to prospectively and systematically evaluate the changes in pelvic bone density in patients of cervical cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan done pre and post treatment, and correlate the changes with occurrence and severity of persistent low back ache. Low back ache will be evaluated using Oswestry low back pain disability scale, scoring for which shall be done pre-treatment and then at post treatment at 2 monthly interval for 1 year on follow up.

Conclusions: Results from the trial might bring-forth the changes in the density of pelvic bones in patients of cancer cervix undergoing concurrent chemoradiation and its correlation with low back ache, if any.

Trial Registration: This trial is registered with number CTRI/2017/05/008606.
Desenvolvimento de uma Calculadora Controlada Via Cérebro
Authors: Marques Gustavo Silveira , Moreira Bruno Melo , Pereira João Henrique Souza
Published: August 2019

Neste projeto foi construída uma calculadora que responde aos comandos mentais captados por um equipamento BCI denominado EPOC+. Com o ideal de torná-lo acessível a todos, foram utilizados sinais cerebrais universais, ou seja, que são emitidos por qualquer pessoa. No caso, foi utilizado majoritariamente o sinal de tipo EMG, que capta movimentos musculares da face, visto que proporciona um meio de simplificar o uso da aplicação e evitar treinamentos exaustivos para o usuário. A partir de expressões de sorriso ou mordida e piscada de olhos, a aplicação foi desenvolvida de modo a possibilitar que um indivíduo que não possua movimento do pescoço para baixo posso utilizá-lo.Os resultados mostram que, apesar de ser uma área que está no começo de seu desenvolvimento, já é possível atender às necessidades deste público e incluí-los na era digital.
Classificação de Espécies de Pimentas Empregando Análise de Imagens Digitais de Componentes Principais
Authors: Silva Paulo Renato Baliza , Galvão Filho Arlindo Rodrigues , Nogueira Heber Valdo , Flores Igor Savioli , Coelho Clarimar José
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do trabalho é a classificação automática de imagens de pimentas por espécie. A classificação é feita empregando a análise de componentes principais (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) a partir de um conjunto de dados de 345 imagens de pimentas no padrão vermelho, verde e azul (Red, Green, Blue, RGB) obtidas com a câmera JAI AD-080GE. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma acurácia de 72,97% do modelo proposto para classificação das pimentas.
Reformulação de Estratégia de Aliança Defensiva e Ofensiva em Grafos
Authors: Pereira Alessandra Aparecida , Centeno Carmen Cecilia
Published: August 2019

Neste trabalho é proposto um novo problema chamado de reformulação de estratégia de alianças, onde a aliança defensiva se transforma em uma aliança ofensiva que contém os vértices da aliança defensiva de origem, e vice-versa. O objetivo é reformular a estratégia de aliança defensiva e ofensiva de cardinalidade mínima para algumas classes de grafos como caminhos, ciclos, rodas, grafos completos, bipartidos completos, estrela e árvores binárias balanceadas.
conocimiento de las apreciaciones culturales, como estrategia innovadora en los procesos de internacionalización de las empresas colombianas
Authors: Gil Toledo Jhon Jairo
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo, analiza la influencia de la cultura en los procesos de innovación y de negociación internacional, desde las diferencias culturales, que se convierten en insumo fundamental para garantizar una exitosa inserción en los procesos de negociación transfronteriza; y finalmente, se examina el perfil cultural del empresario colombiano, sus prerrogativas, los frutos derivados de tales negociaciones y por qué hacer negocios con los empresarios en Colombia. Se parte del enfoque de Hofstede (1980), denominado: La Teoría de las Dimensiones Culturales, como marco genérico para este análisis empírico, que permite identificar los valores culturales que afectan el comportamiento de los empresarios.
¿Vale la pena estudiar en Colombia?
Authors: Bermúdez Zapata Sleby Dayana , Bedoya Riveros Carlos Felipe
Published: August 2019

Con el fin de evaluar el efecto de la educación y de la experiencia sobre los ingresos laborales en Colombia, se estimó un modelo minceriano cuadrático por Mínimos Cuadrados en Dos Etapas, con variable instrumental para controlar el problema de selección, basado en la información de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH) entre los años 2009 y 2015. Para el caso, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica y de hechos estilizados, con el fin de proporcionar un acercamiento a la teoría referente a la hipótesis planteada. Así mismo, se realiza un conjunto de ejercicios econométricos, en aras de verificar empíricamente la relación directa entre educación e ingreso laboral, en particular, el retorno a la educación en el sector urbano, obtenido a partir de la semielasticidad, que los premios educativos reflejan sobre el logaritmo de los salarios. Se encuentra que, culminar los estudios secundarios y universitarios aumenta los salarios recibidos; que ser hombre, tiene también un efecto positivo sobre los ingresos; pero que, el premio que reciben por culminar los estudios, es mayor para las mujeres que para los hombres.
Urbano y rural: diferencias en la alimentación de los hogares argentinos según nivel de ingreso y área de residencia
Authors: Zapata María Elisa , Rovirosa Alicia , Carmuega Esteban
Published: August 2019

El entorno y el nivel socioeconómico son determinantes del comportamiento alimentario porque inciden en la disponibilidad, la accesibilidad y las preferencias alimentarias. Con el objetivo de describir el consumo aparente de alimentos y la disponibilidad de energía y nutrientes de hogares urbanos y rurales de la Argentina, según su nivel de ingresos, se analizó la Encuesta Nacional de Gastos de los Hogares 2004-2005. Se calculó el consumo aparente promedio de alimentos y bebidas en gramos o mililitros de peso neto por adulto equivalente por día, de hogares urbanos y rurales, y según quintil de ingresos per cápita del hogar. El 7% fueron hogares rurales, y presentaron mayor proporción de familias con bajos ingresos respecto a los urbanos. Existe un patrón de consumo aparente de alimentos y bebidas distinto entre hogares rurales y urbanos de Argentina, y además existen diferencias entre los hogares según el nivel de ingresos en ambos entornos. Conocer los contrastes y su magnitud es de gran utilidad para buscar estrategias tendientes a mejorar la alimentación de la población.
The Sound of a New Era: On the Transformation of Auditory and Urban Experience in the Long Fin de Siècle, 1880–1930
Authors: Morat Daniel
Published: August 2019

In his 1930s memoir ‘Berlin Childhood around 1900’, Walter Benjamin recollects the ringing of the telephone as a sound that sharply interrupted the quiet of his middle-class family home and signalled the beginning of a new era. Following Benjamin’s lead, the article retraces the decades around 1900 as an era of transformation in which fundamental changes in the urban environment, in society and technology also lead to a crucial change of auditory experience. The new sounds of this era, from telephone rings to city noises to gramophone recordings, and the ways in which contemporaries dealt with them can therefore be used as a kind of sonic probe to detect broader transformations of modern experience.
Psikiyatri Hastalarında Özkıyım Riskini Değerlendirme ve Yönetme
Authors: BAHADIR YILMAZ Emel
Published: August 2019

Özkıyım riski
psikiyatrik sorunu olan hastalar arasında oldukça sık görülen ve acil müdahale
edilmesi gereken bir durumdur. Özkıyım riskinin arttığını gösteren hastalıklara
özgü bazı işaretler bulunmaktadır. Sağlık çalışanlarının önce bu erken uyarı
işaretlerini tanımlamaları ve özkıyım riskini belirlemeleri önemlidir. Özkıyım
riskini değerlendirdikten sonra yapılması gereken şey hastayla birlikte bir
güvenlik planı oluşturmaktır. Güvenlik planı hastayı özkıyım girişiminden koruyan
ve kriz yaşadığında neler yapacağı konusunda yol gösteren önemli bir
girişimdir. Güvenlik planı güvende kalmak için hastanın kullanacağı
stratejiler, erken uyarı işaretleri, baş etme stratejileri, sosyal destekleri,
aile bireyleri veya arkadaşlarına ilişkin iletişim bilgileri ve kriz
birimlerinin telefon numaraları gibi bilgileri içermektedir. Bu bilgiler
ışığında hazırlanan güvenlik planının özellikle psikiyatri hemşireleri
tarafından klinikte kullanılması önerilmektedir. Güvenlik planının
oluşturulması, hastanın mümkün olduğunca özkıyım girişiminde bulunma riskini engelleyecek
veya erteleyecektir.
EFECTO DE LIXIVIDADO DE MANGLAR EN LA TOXICIDAD DE NÍQUEL Y CADMIO EN EL CAMARÓN ESTUARINO (Hippolyte zostericola) DE LA LAGUNA DE TÉRMINOS, CAMPECHE
Authors: Núñez Nogueira Gabriel , Fernández Bringas Laura María
Published: August 2019

La presencia de metales de forma natural y antropogénica en los sistemas acuáticos puede afectar a las especies que los habitan, volviendo importante determinar si la toxicidad de los metales y su interacción con otros factores abióticos, puede afectar a organismos de importancia ecológica por su papel en la cadena trófica, como los son los crustáceos carídeos, en particular de la especie Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873) de la Laguna de Términos. A través de un estudio de toxicidad aguda, se pudo determinar la concentración letal (96 horas) de níquel (10.08 mg L-1) y cadmio (0.35 mg L-1). La toxicidad de los metales en presencia de lixiviados frescos (24 horas) de mangle (Laguncularia racemosa, Rhizophora mangle y Avicennia germinans) no se vió reducida, sugiriendo una baja interacción entre las sustancias húmicas presentes en los lixiviados, independientemente de la especie de manglar que los originó, bajo las condiciones aquí probadas.
Does the Electron Have an Anomalous Electric Dipole Moment?
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: August 2019

An analysis is presented of the possible existence of a second anomalous dipole moment of Dirac’s particle next to the angular one. It includes a discussion why, in spite of his own derivation, Dirac has denied its relevancy. It is shown why since then it has been overlooked and why it has vanished from leading textbooks. A critical survey is given on the reasons of its reject, including the failure of attempts to measure and the perceived violations of time reversal symmetry and charge-parity symmetry. Moreover, by reference from literature, the possible impact is discussed in the nuclear domain and in the gravitational domain.
Preventing Postpartum Uterine Disease in Dairy Cattle Depends on Avoiding, Tolerating and Resisting Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Sheldon Iain , Molinari Paula C C , Ormsby Thomas J R , Bromfield John J
Published: August 2019

Up to forty percent of dairy cows can develop metritis or endometritis when bacteria infect the uterus after parturition. However, it is unclear why other cows exposed to similar pathogens do not develop uterine disease. We suggest that resilient dairy cows prevent the development of uterine disease using the three complimentary defensive strategies of avoiding, tolerating and resisting infection with pathogenic bacteria. Avoidance maintains health by limiting the exposure to pathogens. Avoidance includes intrinsic behaviors to prevent exposure to pathogens or infected animals, perhaps signaled by the fetid odor of uterine disease. Tolerance improves health by limiting the tissue damage caused by the pathogen burden. Tolerance depends on controlling the tissue damage that pathogens cause in the endometrium by neutralizing bacterial toxins, enhancing tissue repair, and inducing adaptive metabolic responses. Resistance improves health by limiting the pathogen burden. Resistance relies on the immune system generating an inflammatory response in the endometrium to eliminate pathogenic bacteria. People who manage dairy cows can also help prevent uterine disease by using extended lactations, avoiding trauma to the genital tract, maintaining hygiene, and supplying appropriate nutrition during the transition period and after parturition to counter the metabolic stress of lactation. Developing new ways to prevent uterine disease depends on increasing our understanding of the mechanisms of avoidance, tolerance and resistance to pathogens in the postpartum uterus.
Disproportionate Effect of Sub-Micron Topography on Osteoconductive Capability of Titanium
Authors: Saruta Juri , Sato Nobuaki , Ishijima Manabu , Okubo Takahisa , Hirota Makoto , Ogawa Takahiro
Published: August 2019

Titanium micro-scale topography results in excellent osteoconductivity and bone-implant integration. However, the biological effects of sub-micron topography are unknown. We compared osteoblastic phenotypes and in vivo bone and implant integration abilities between titanium surfaces with micro- (1–5 µm) and sub-micro-scale (0.1–0.5 µm) topographies and machined titanium. Average roughness was 12.5 ± 0.65 nm, 123 ± 6.15 nm, and 24 ± 1.2 nm for machined, micro-rough, and sub-micro-rough surfaces, respectively. The micro-rough surface showed the fewest cells attaching during the initial stage and the lowest proliferation. Calcium deposition and expression of osteoblastic genes were highest on the sub-micro-rough surface and lowest on the machined surface. Bone-to-implant integration was strongest for the micro-rough surface, consistent with it having the greatest ability to retain cells in vitro. Thus, the biological effects of titanium surfaces are not necessarily proportional to the degree of roughness in osteoblastic cultures or in vivo. Sub-micro-rough titanium ameliorates the disadvantage of micro-rough titanium by restoring cell attachment and proliferation and enhances the rate of osteoblastic differentiation over that of micro-rough titanium; however, bone integration and the ability to retain cells are compromised due to its lower interfacial mechanical locking compared to that of micro-rough titanium.
The First Application of 1H NMR Spectroscopy for the Assessment of the Authenticity of Perfumes
Authors: Ciepielowski Grzegorz , Pacholczyk-Sienicka Barbara , Albrecht Łukasz
Published: August 2019

The industry of the counterfeit goods is one of the largest underground business in the world and it is rapidly growing. Counterfeits can lead not only to loss of profit for honest producers but also have a negative impact on consumers who receive poor quality goods at an excessive price and may be exposed to health damages and safety issues. Perfume industry is constantly exposed to the problem of counterfeits with the fast developing parallel market of inspired perfumes being an important issue. It prompts for the identification of methods that classify the quality of this type of products. In this paper the application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is employed for the authentication of perfumery products for the first time. Molecular composition of several types of authentic brand fragrances for women were compared with their cheaper inspired equivalents and fake products. Our approach offers the prospect of a fast and simple method for discrimination and counterfeit detection of perfumes using 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Assessment of Enjoyment and Intensity of Physical Activity in Immersive Virtual Reality on the Omni-Directional Omni Treadmill and Icaros Flight Simulator in the Context of Recommendations for Health
Authors: Dębska Małgorzata , Polechoński Jacek , Mynarski Arkadiusz , Polechoński Piotr
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study is to assess enjoyment and intensity of physical exercise while practicing physical activity (PA) in immersive virtual reality (IVR) using innovative training devices (omni-directional Omni treadmill and Icaros Pro flight simulator). The study also contains the results of subjective research on the usefulness of such a form of PA in the opinion of users. In total, 61 adults (10 women and 50 men) took part in the study. To assess the enjoyment level (EL) Interest/Enjoyment subscale of Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) was used. Exercise intensity was assessed during 10-minute sessions of active video games (AVGs) in IVR based on heart rate (HR). The average enjoyment level during physical exercise in IVR on the tested training devices was relatively high (Omni 5.74 points, Icaros 5.60 points). In the opinion of the majority of participants, AVGs on IVR training devices constitute a sufficiently useful form of movement to meet the needs of PA practiced in free time, and they can even replace some of the classic forms of movement. Intensity of PA during games on training devices was at the level recommended for health benefits for 92% (Omni) and 84% (Icaros Pro) of its duration. Based on the conducted research, it can be assumed that AVGs in IVR using a multi-directional treadmill and a flight simulator can be an effective tool for increasing participation in health-oriented PA.
Creatine for Prevention of Statin Myopathy
Authors: Balestrino Maurizio , Adriano Enrico
Published: August 2019

Statins prevent cardiovascular diseases, yet their use is limited by the muscle disturbances they cause. Rarely, statin-induced myopathy is autoimmune, but more commonly it is due to direct muscle toxicity. Available evidence suggests that statin-induced creatine deficiency may be a major cause of this toxicity, and that creatine supplementation prevents it. Statins inhibit guanidinoacetate methyl transferase (GAMT), the last enzyme in the synthesis of creatine, thus they decrease its intracellular content. Such decreased content could cause mitochondrial impairment, since creatine is the final acceptor of the phosphate group of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the end of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Decreased cellular synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) would follow. Accordingly, ATP synthesis is decreased in statin-treated cells. In vitro, creatine supplementation prevents the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore caused by statins. Clinically, creatine administration prevents statin myopathy in statin-intolerant patients. Additional research is warranted to hopefully confirm these findings. However, creatine is widely used by athletes with no adverse events, and has demonstrated to be safe even in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of elder individuals. Thus, it should be trialed, under medical supervision, in patients who cannot assume statin due to the occurrence of muscular symptoms.
Notes on the Lie Symmetry Exact Explicit Solutions for Nonlinear Burgers' Equation
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: August 2019

In light of Liu's original works, this paper revisits the solution of general Burgers's nonlinear equation. We obtain two exact and explicit solutions for group $G_4$ and $G_6$, and a most general solution as well. As applications, a numerical example is carried out.
Pkm Meningkatkan Kemampuan Hardskill Guru Pembelajar Melalui Implementasi Macro Media Flash dan Video Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Sebagai Pembelajaran Multimedia Dalam Bingkai PTK SMA/SMK Se Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Susanti Dessi , Armiati Armiati , Dewi Ika Parma , Rahmidani Rose
Published: August 2019

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan hardskill guru-guru SMA dan SMK Bisnis Manajemen Kabupaten Padang Pariaman dalam hal: 1) Membuat media pembelajaran dengan macro media flash, 2) Membuat RPP yang memuat model cooperative learning sebagai penerapan student centred learning (merupakan tuntutan kurikulum KTSP dan kurikulum 2013), 3) Membuat proposal PTK, 4) Melakukan PTK dengan penerapan model cooperative learning dan media pembelajaran macro media flash, 5) Membuat laporan dan artikel PTK. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Untuk pelatihan dan workshop membuat media pembelajaran dengan Macro Media Flash sekaligus mengeksplorasikan dan mengasosiasikan video pembelajaran cooperative Learning menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, pemberian tugas, demonstrasi, pemberian tugas dan tutorial, 2) Untuk pelatihan dan workshop membuat RPP yang memuat model Cooperative Learning mengunakan metode menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, pemberian tugas, demonstrasi, pemberian tugas dan tutorial, 3) Untuk pelatihan dan workshop membuat proposal PTK menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, pemberian tugas, demonstrasi, pemberian tugas dan tutorial, 4) Untuk pelatihan dan workshop membuat laporan dan artikel PTK menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, pemberian tugas, demonstrasi, pemberian tugas dan tutorial, 5) Untuk pendampingan melakukan PTK dengan penerapan model cooperative learning dan media pembelajaran macro media flash menggunakan metode tutorial. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 1) Dihasilkannya media pembelajaran dengan macro media flash oleh sebagian besar (85%) guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA dan guru bidang keahlian SMK (Bisnis Manajemen) Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, 2) Dihasilkannya RPP dengan sintaks model cooperative learning (tuntutan kurikulum KTSP dan kurikulum 2013) oleh sebagian besar (85%) guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA dan guru bidang keahlian SMK (Bisnis Manajemen) Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, 3) Dihasilkannya proposal PTK oleh sebagian besar (85%) guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA dan guru bidang keahlian SMK (Bisnis Manajemen) Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, 4) Dihasilkannnya Laporan PTK oleh sebagian besar (85%) guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA dan guru bidang keahlian SMK (Bisnis Manajemen) Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, 5) Dihasilkannya artikel PTK oleh sebagian besar (85%) guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA dan guru bidang keahlian SMK (Bisnis Manajemen) Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.

 

Keyword: Macromedia Flash, Cooperative Learning, PTK, Laporan PTK, Artikel
Peningkatan Life Skill dan Minat Wirausaha Siswa Melalui Bio-Entrepreneurship (BIOSHIP) SMK di Sawangan Depok
Authors: Aqil Deden Ibnu , Hudaya Adeng , H. Masri Zainal Arifin
Published: August 2019

Menurut BPS Kota Depok tahun 2017 angkatan kerja (penduduk usia 15-64 tahun) kecamatan Sawangan berjumlah 115.038 jiwa. Sedangkan penduduk yang bekerja berjumlah 77.734 jiwa (67,6%), sisanya sebesar 37.304 jiwa (32,4%) belum bekerja.   Besarnya angka pengangguran  yakni 32,4% paling tinggi tingkat penganggurannya adalah pemuda yang tingkat pendidikannya hanya sampai tingkat SMK/SMU dan tidak melanjutkan ke perguruan tinggi  karena berorientasi kerja.   Keterampilan yang dimilki dan minat untuk berwirausaha para lulusan SMK di kecamatan Sawangan  masih sangat rendah.  Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat  yang akan dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk membekali siswa SMK di kecamatan Sawangan   dengan kemampuan enterpreunership atau kewirausahaan dalam hal ini dengan pendekatan bioenterpreneurship yaitu dengan membuat produk berbahan hayati yang bernilai ekonomis dan memiliki nilai jual agar dapat mempersiapkan mereka   menghadapi kehidupan selanjutnya apabila nanti mereka lulus dari SMK . Permasalahan kegiatan ini adalah bagaimanakah pendekatan penerapan pembelajaran biointerpreneurship kepada para siswa SMK di kecamatan Sawangan ini mampu meningkatkan life skill dan minat berwirausaha . Kegiatan ini merupakan pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada  bioentrepreneurship  yaitu dengan melibatkan unsur kewirausahaan pada produk biologi.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pendidikan Perencanaan dan Pengelolaan Keuangan Rumah Tangga dan Investasi bagi Ibu Rumah Tangga dalam Rangka Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Keluarga
Authors: Buchdadi Agung Dharmawan , Solikha Solikha , A. W. S Waspodo Agung , Kurnianti Destria
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to improve knowledge and skill about financial literacy, especially for woman who take the most responsibilities to manage finance in her household. Attended by 13 housewives, the method used in this activity is; first, explanation using power point slides and LCD projector; second, experience sharing and discussion; distributing quetionaire to measure their level of financial literacy, discussed about their characteristics on investment and what kind of product which is suit to their ability to accept risk. Held on May 7, 2017, the community service is funded by DIPA BLU Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The result shows that only few participants understand how to measure their financial health and what kind of investment products that suit to their characteristics as an investor.
A Study on the Physical Assets of the Fish Farmers of Meghalaya
Authors: Rahman Ajijur
Published: August 2019

The present study was conducted to highlight the Fishery as a source of livelihood among the people of North Garo Hills of Meghalaya. About 30 respondents of different villages of North Garo Hills Meghalaya have consulted together with the information of their practicing Fishery as a source of livelihood. Fish culture is a simple farming system where a farmer can earn more profit than any other agriculture crops and economically it helps the farmer in a short period. By adopting this system of culture, the farmer can easily earn money to depend on their livelihood. The practice of Fish culture provides additional sources of income as well as employment to the native people, while Fish provides lots of nutritive palatable food to each consumer.