bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of and willingness to access support among UK military personnel who reported a mental health difficulty
Authors: Mills Amy , Fear Nicola T. , Stevelink Sharon A.M.
Published: January 2023

LAY SUMMARY

Being aware of and willing to access mental health services are important first steps in seeking help for a self-reported mental health, stress, or emotional problem. Evidence shows that UK military personnel, in particular ex-serving personnel, are not always aware of or willing to access sources of mental health support. This study explored which sources of mental health support UK military personnel were aware of and willing to use if they self-reported a mental health, stress, or emotional problem. It also explored the possible differences between serving and ex-serving military personnel. All UK military personnel were most aware of and willing to access formal medical services. However, among ex-serving personnel, there was a low awareness of and willingness to use ex-serving-specific support services, such as the Veterans and Reserves Mental Health Programme, National Health Services Veterans Service, and Veterans UK helpline. Future service delivery and policy should focus on improving the variety of sources of support that ex-serving personnel are aware of and willing to use.
A New Hybrid Process for Repair Brazing and Coating of Turbine Blades
Authors: Nicolaus M. , Möhwald K. , Bach Fr.-W.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research project is to combine repair brazing with protective coating against hot-gas corrosion into a common integrated process. Both the braze-metal as well as the hot-gas corrosion protection coating is applied by means of thermal spraying. The material layout is to be realized as far as possible to the near net shape by using thermal spraying. The processes are to be performed in such a way that the brazing is integrated into the CVD diffusion annealing process as a transient liquid phase bonding (TLP bonding) process which, as a consequence, can then be eliminated as a separate processing step. The thermal spraying processes of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF) and cold gas spraying (CGS) are to be qualified for this purpose. Thus the project working hypothesis is to be able to transform thermal coating and joining processes into a common integrated hybrid process and, in doing so, obtain both high-quality and economic advantages. The importance of combining these processes lies in reducing the effort of grinding as well as economizing on the vacuum brazing, which is currently a separate process step, and consequently lowering the production costs.
Structural and Properties Relationship of Alumina Reinforced Inconel Cold Gas Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Dosta S. , Cinca N. , Guilemany J. M.
Published: January 2023

Inconel alloy coatings have been obtained by means of Cold Gas Spray technology with a high efficiency. Alumina has been sprayed simultaneously achieving an homogeneous distribution along the deposit with a good cohesion between particles. Furthermore, the alumina particles were found to improve the spraying feasibility. A proper optimization of the spraying conditions has been carried out in order to obtain the lowest porosity as possible and good embedment of the alumina. Then, the mechanical properties as well as tribological and oxidation behavior have been characterized. Alumina behaves as reinforcement leading to an amelioration of the abrasive and friction performance. Regarding the oxidation and corrosion behavior, the coatings proved to withstand reasonably well up to 800°C and salt fog tests (5% NaCl solution at 35 °C) indicate durability up to 1000 h.
Performance of Corrosion Resistant Arc Spray Coatings as a Function of Spray Parameters
Authors: Cheney J. , Kusinski G.
Published: January 2023

Twin wire arc spray (TWAS) coatings were produced under varying spray conditions (spray angle, traverse rate, and spray distance) to simulate on-site hand spraying operations typically used to coat existing refinery vessels. Two materials, Alloy C276 (commonly used for corrosion protection of refinery vessels) and the newly developed Nicko-Shield 200 chemistry (designed to reduce porosity and oxide content under arc spray conditions) were compared in the testing. Alloy C276 coatings showed good coating performance (>40 MPa adhesion) when sprayed under ideal conditions, but showed a sharp drop off in coating integrity (<20 MPa adhesion) when sprayed at lower traverse rates, sharper angles, and closer spray distances. Deviating from non-ideal conditions resulted in increased porosity and oxide content leading to increased permeability. It was concluded that non-ideal conditions, which intermittently occur in hand spraying operations on large surface areas, can lead to coating patches with unacceptably low adhesion, potential spalling, and high permeability when spraying Alloy C276. Patches of low coating quality require additional maintenance or result in coating failure, creating a lack of confidence in thermal spray technology as a protective solution in the industry. This study shows the results of an effort to develop an alloy solution which is more reliable in spraying large surface areas by hand for corrosion protection. The developed Ni-based material showed improved adhesion (70+ MPa) and greatly reduced permeability (as measured by ferroxyl exposure). This performance was stable across the wide range of spray conditions used in this study. This suggests that alloy design can be used to increase the reliability for twin wire arc spray coatings, and enable confidence for expanded use in this industry.
Novel Insights into Liquid Behavior in Atmospheric Plasma Jets
Authors: Soysal D. , Ansar A.
Published: January 2023

Infrared images are used to characterize the atmospheric plasma and the influence of the liquid injection. In the infrared spectral range of low energies of the rotational vibrational transitions can be captured, which are emitted by hot liquid vapors. In addition, the combustion of organic liquids like ethanol and pentanol can be seen directly with an increase of the emitted radiation. The examination of the spray clouds suggests a correlation between Ohnesorge number and the spray angle. Lower Ohnesorge numbers lead to more focused vapor beams.
Accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 by lettuce culture from radioactively contaminated soils of the former Semipalatinsk test site
Authors:   Limited Liability Partnership ", Ponomareva Tatiana Sergeevna ,   ECOEXPERT", Polivkina Elena Nikolaevna ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Kenzhebaev Ruslan Akhatovich ,   Laboratory of Nuclear Physics Research, branch of the Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nemytova Lyudmila Anatolyevna ,   Laboratory of Nuclear Physics Research, branch of the Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Sysoeva Elena Sergeevna ,   Laboratory of Nuclear Physics Research, branch of the Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ivanova Aksana Romanovna ,   Laboratory of Nuclear Physics Research, branch of the Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: January 2023

Under conditions of a simulated pot experiment in the case of salad (Lactuca sativa), quantitative parameters of Cs-137 and Sr-90 (Tf) accumulation by plants on soils from the former Semipalatinsk Test Site territory were obtained. The variation range of Tf values derived for soil samples from different STS areas was 2 orders of magnitude for Cs-137 and 1 order of magnitude for Sr-90. Using nonparametric statistical analytical techniques, determinants of the transfer of Cs-137 and Sr-90from soil to plants for STS soils with various natures of radioactive contamination were identified. The content of biologically available species of radionuclides has a significant effect on the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by salad. Values derived for Kendall correlation coefficients showed a complete functional dependence (r=1, n=4, p<0,05) between accumulation parameters and the content of biologically available species of Cs-137 and Sr-90in soil from radioactively contaminated test site areas. The use of partial correlation coefficients allowed identification of key soil contributors to the content of available speciation and, respectively, the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by the experimental crop: for 137Cs, the common content of K (rxy-z = -0,81); for Sr-90 — the common content of Ca (r xy-z = — 0,64). Findings reveal the main mechanisms of Cs-137 and Sr-90transfer from soil to plants, which are of great practical importance in the radio ecological monitoring and planning of rehabilitation measures taken in radioactively contaminated STS areas as well as in areas impacted by nuclear fuel cycle facilities (NFC) located under similar soil and climatic conditions.
Засоление, гипсоносность и загрязнение почв Жезказганского ботанического сада: 80 лет с момента организации и начала орошения
Authors: Голованов Д.Л. , Кравченко Е.И. , Кушербаев С. , Аманжоло А. , Мырзабаев А.Б. , Ишмуратова М.Ю. , Матвеев А.Н. , Мушникова Н.А. , Добрыднева Л.В.
Published: January 2023

Целью исследования было выявление изменения свойств бурых аридных почв в условиях орошения и воздействия: выбросов обогатительного и медеплавильного комбинатов. В статье проанализировано современное состояние засоления, содержания гумуса, тяжелых металлов в почвах Жезказганского ботанического сада, находящегося в зоне интенсивных техногенных выбросов. Изменение свойств почв предопределяет устойчивость выращиваемых растений к природным и антропогенным стрессам, а также качество выращиваемой продукции. В Ботаническом саду подобраны растения, способные активно расти при орошении в резко континентальных условиях. За 80 лет функционирования отмечено частичное растворение гипса, перераспределение солей, увеличение содержания гумуса. Использова-ние в качестве источника орошения загрязненных вод реки Кенгир привело к увеличению содержания в поверхностных горизонтах валовых и подвижных форм Cu и Pb. Полученные результаты позволяют оценить скорость и направленность перераспределения гипса, рекомендовать переход к водосберегающим технологиям капельного орошения с одновременным отстаиванием и удалением из оросительной воды взвеси.
The Influence of Communication, Information, and Education (KIE) Through Leaflet and Video Media on Adolescents' Knowledge and Attitudes About Exposure to Pornography
Authors: Maulana Ahmad , As-Syai Ahmad Rasyid , Irsahwandi Muhammad , Mardianto Mardianto , Haidir Haidir
Published: January 2023

The research objective was to determine the influence of KIE (communication, information, and education) through leaflets and video media on adolescents’ knowledge and attitude toward pornographic exposure. The research used quasi experimental method. The population was all Grades VII and VIII students of SMP Negeri 45 Medan, and 60 of them were used as the samples, which consisted of 30 respondents in the leaflet group and the other 30 respondents in the video group. The analysis showed an influence of counseling with leaflet media about pornographic exposure on students’ knowledge (p=0.000) and attitude (p=0.000). There was an influence of counseling with video media about pornographic exposure on students’ knowledge (p=0.0000 and attitude (p=0.000). Video media was more effective in increasing knowledge (p=0.000) and attitude than leaflet media in counseling about pornographic exposure. It is recommended that the students be more proactive in counseling about pornography which influences reproductive health and uses leaflets and videos as the media to increase their behavior in forestalling pornographic exposure.
Development of Islamic Religious Education Materials Based on Religious Moderation in Forming Student Character
Authors: Masturin Masturin
Published: January 2023

The model for developing Islamic religious education (PAI) materials based on religious moderation to shape the character of the nation's children at the upper secondary level of education is urgently needed because the phenomena of radicalism and intolerance are spreading in the world of education. In this case the role of the teacher in the learning process is needed to deliver the younger generation in shaping the nation's character. This research focuses on the model of developing Islamic religious education material based on religious moderation, the material is designed according to the values of religious moderation with active learning strategies, and is able to shape character . This study uses a qualitative approach and data collection techniques are used by means of: in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation, and focus group discussions. Checking the validity of the data through: extending the researcher's presence in the field, triangulation, peer discussions, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The informants for this study were school principals, students, teachers at senior high schools in Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that religious moderation-based Islamic education material development models are able to shape the character of students effectively and efficiently. The implication of this study is to become a reference for upper secondary level teachers in the process of learning PAI material. In addition, this research also contribute theoretically to the government in the development of religious moderation-based PAI materials.
Desmoid tumour Treatment Outcome: A single institution experience
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Desmoid tumour (DT) is a rare locally aggressive disease with tendency for local recurrence and the peak incidence age of 30-40 years. DT prognostic factors are still conflicting like surgical margin, disease location, age and gender. The various treatment options including surgery, radiotherapy and systemic agents are generally offered according to the disease presenting symptoms and progressiveness.
Safety and Potential Effects of Cannabidiol on Skin Cells
Authors: Tassaneesuwan Natjira , Thammarat Chayanee , Khongkow Pasarat
Published: January 2023

Objective: Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytochemical active compound from the Cannabis sativa L., has become a popular ingredient in many industries, especially skincare products. However, the scientific evidence supporting its potential skin benefits and safety concerns are still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the short-term and long-term cytotoxic effects of CBD and its potential melanin-promoting effect on skin cells in order to deeply evaluate the safety of CBD for use in cosmetics. Material and Methods: HaCaT keratinocytes and B16F10 melanoma cell lines were cultured and investigated in regard to the cytotoxicity of cannabidiol in various concentrations (0-10 μg/ml) in the short term and long term by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and clonogenic assay, respectively. Next, the cellular melanin production was measured by melanin content assay. The expression of the related genes was accessed by qPCR. Results: The short-term and long-term cytotoxicity studies revealed that CBD at a low concentration was not toxic to skin cells. In addition, CBD could induce melanogenesis in melanocytes by increasing melanin content and upregulating tyrosinase expression. Also, CBD provoked cell proliferation and enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in keratinocytes. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that CBD at a low concentration (0.6 μg/ml) is safe for the skin cells in vitro and should thus also be safe if applied to skin. Additionally, CBD could significantly enhance melanogenesis and cell proliferation, which confirms its potential as a cosmeceutical product.
Association between Glucose Metabolism and Oral Combined Contraceptive Pills or Cyclic Progestin in Thai Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A 3-year Observational Study
Authors: Nualla-Ong Atipath , Wongwananuruk Thanyarat , Angsuwathana Surasak , Techatraisak Kitirat , Rattanachaiyanont Manee , Tanmahasamut Prasong , Indhavivadhana Suchada , Chantrapanichkul Panicha
Published: January 2023

Objective: To measure the difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) among Thai women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), having received either oral combined contraceptive pills (OCP) or cyclic progestin, during 3 years of treatment. Materials and Methods: The data were collected by a retrospective chart review of women with PCOS, who had been treated at Siriraj Hospital before June 2019, backward to the year 2000. The patients were divided into two groups, according to their different treatments, namely: an OCP group and a cyclic progestin group. There were 44 cases in each group, and both groups had received complete hormonal treatment over 3 years. Results: The patients’ baseline characteristics showed a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the OCP group than in the cyclic progestin treatment group. After the 3-year period of treatment, the FBG differences in the OCP group and cyclic progestin treatment group were 3.4±8.4 and 3.6±8.5 mg/dL, respectively; which revealed no statistical significance. Additionally, the difference in the WC and metabolic profile between the studied groups after 3 years of treatment also revealed no significance. However, BMI presented a significant difference between the two hormonal regimens after 3 years of treatment (p-value=0.007), with higher differences in the OCP treatment group. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in FBG between the beginning and at the third year of treatment found in both regimens of hormonal treatment in Thai PCOS women.
Catastrophic and Socioeconomic Disparities Across Different Payment Schemes in Lung Cancer Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Single-Centre Analysis from Thailand
Authors: Geater Sarayut L. , Thongsuksai Paramee
Published: January 2023

Objective: To identify the magnitude of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and medical impoverishment across three payment schemes and compare the within-scheme financial disparity. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of CHE and medical impoverishment among lung cancer patients was conducted at a university hospital in Thailand. A total of 367 lung cancer patients drawn from three payment schemes were included. The clinical data were collected from the hospital’s Electronic Medical Records, while the socioeconomic data, including cost details, were collected via an interview-based questionnaire from November 2020 to June 2022. Economic analyses were performed using concentration curves and logistic regression modeling. Results: There were 38%, 21% and 27% impoverished patients belonging to the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS), Social Security Scheme (SSS) and Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS), respectively, and approximately further 30% in each scheme became impoverished owing to medical-related expenses. Socioeconomic disparities in CHE; concentration index; CI=-0.36 UCS, -0.59 CSMBS and -0.47 UCS, and medical impoverishment; CI=0.16 UCS, -0.15 CSMBS and 0.10 UCS, were evident in all schemes. These inequities were more pronounced among CSMBS patients. Moreover, if not impoverished already, the probability of medical impoverishment in all payment schemes peaked in the middle quintile and declined thereafter. Conclusion: Across all payment schemes, CHE and medical impoverishment occurred at rates of around 60% and 30%, respectively, among lung cancer patients in Thailand. The gradient of CHE probability was more prominent among CSMBS patients.
Торгівля у післякризовому відновленні національної економіки
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, ГУЛЯЄВА Наталія , ВАВДІЙЧИК Ірина ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет
Published: January 2023

Вступ. Масштабне вторгнення російської федерації на територію України зруйнувало стратегічну карту розвитку її економіки на довгострокову перспективу, змусило оперативно змінювати основні напрями та інструменти управління на всіх рівнях господарювання. Проблема. Торгівля є найважливішим сукупним економічним агентом, який іденти­фікує стан внутрішнього ринку і присут­ність на зовнішніх ринках, і є невід’ємною складовою всього народногосподарського комплексу країни. Тому держава, формуючи антикризову політику підтримки підприєм­ництва загалом, передбачила спеціальні інстру­менти сприяння діяльності саме торгівлі, сти­мулювання пошуку ними гнучких організа­ційно-економічних механізмів управління. Метою статті є обґрунтування основ­них напрямків та інструментів збереження ефективності галузі торгівлі, посилення її ролі у відновленні потужності національної економіки. Методи. Використано такі загально­нау­кові методи дослідження, як формалізації, історичний, абстрагування, загальнологічний (аналіз, синтез, індукція, дедукція), уза­галь­нення та сходження від абстрактного до конкретного, конкретно-соціально-економічні. Результати дослідження. Досліджено стан торговельної галузі в Україні під впливом факторів системної кризи, спри­чиненої пандемією COVID-19, воєнним ста­ном, характером та рівнем збитків від їх наслідків. Визначено вектори зусилля дер­жави щодо підтримки та стабілізації траєк­торії розвитку торгівлі з метою забез­пе­чення замкненості циклу товарообігу та виконання основної функції галузі. Висновки. Від початку системної кризи внаслідок пандемії торгівля зазнала значних втрат, які поглиблені війною. Це потребує зміни механізмів управління. Визначивши кон’юнктуру ринку, торгівля стала центром державної політики щодо антикризового захисту та підтримки, а прак­тика їх реалізації деталізувала нові підходи та засоби відновлення ефективності, на­прями розвитку відповідно до основних орієн­тирів відновлення національної економіки у контексті визнання України кандидатом на членство в ЄС.
Стартапи як драйвери розвитку торгівлі
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, П’ЯТНИЦЬКА Галина
Published: January 2023

Вступ. Стартапи змінюють умови конку­ренції та прискорюють трансформації у роз­витку торгових підприємств. Проблема. Не кожен стартап дає бажані результати. У зв’язку з цим актуальності набу­ває питання класифікації стартапів із визна­ченням важливості проблем, на вирішення яких вони спрямовані. Метою статті є визначення та система­тизація стартапів, які стали драйверами роз­витку торгівлі в умовах цифровізації бізнес-середовища та поширення практики викорис­тання цифрових технологій як у діяльності підприємств торгівлі, так і в повсякденному житті користувачів їх послуг. Методи. Використано методи індукції та дедукції, систематизації та порівняльного ана­лізу, статистичної та графічної обробки даних, TOWS-аналізу. Результати дослідження. На основі аналізу динаміки Global Start-up Ecosystem Index та його порівняння за вибіркою країн виявлено, що Україна займає досить слабкі позиції порівняно з країнами-лідерами за рівнем стартап-еко­систем. Систематизовано стартапи, що стали драйверами розвитку торгівлі в умо­вах цифровізації бізнес-середовища. Визна­чено, що кіберзлочинність і вразливість елек­тронних і технічних комунікацій, а також можливість зростання соціальної напруги через втрату робочих місць внаслідок заміни людської праці штучним інтелектом (ШІ) є основними ринковими загрозами для торгових стартапів. ШI-технології, використання вели­ких даних відкривають ринкові можливості для вдосконалення як операційної діяльності, так і управління підприємствами торгівлі. За резуль­татами TOWS-аналізу визначено, що основ­ними перевагами стартапів у торгівлі є орієн­тація частини з них на забезпечення факто­роощадності, збільшення продажів завдяки аналізу поведінки покупців. Серед недоліків для ефективної реалізації зазначених старт­апів – високий рівень ризику та ймо­вірна нестача коштів та інших ресурсів, необ­хідних для успішної реалізації стартапу. Висновки. На ринку перманентно з’яв­ляються стартапи, що дають змогу вдоско­налювати торговельний менеджмент та організацію роботи підприємств торгівлі в епоху цифровізації.
Groups of products with improved market access & improved exports
Authors:   CTA Economic & Export Analysts, HELLYER Mark , PIATNYTSKA Galyna ,   State University of Trade and Economics, PIATNYTSKYI Valeriy ,   Black Sea Trade and Development Bank (BSTDB)
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The results of Ukraine’s activi­ties within the framework of the Association Agreement between the EU and Ukraine, inclu­ding provisions on the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA), improving market access means not only the reduction of tariffs, but also the reduction of non-tariff measures through alignment with EU rules. Problem. Competition between rules leads to convergence of standards in practice. However, the issue of continuation of national diversities is empirical. The aim of the study is to identify the rela­tionship between product groups with improved access and exports within the study of Euro­pean perspectives for the further development of Ukraine. Methods. The study uses general and special research methods. Results. It is substantiated that Ukrainian business can increase the productivity and effi­ciency of its activities by adopting EU standards by 13–30 %. It is established that a smaller share of imports in a particular country’s total imports would imply greater trade costs in that country for the exporting country, and vice versa. All products with HS4 codes which market share in EU is less than market share in the world are identified. Ineffective products within the scope of the DCFTA have been identified. In order to identify these products a special formula is pro­posed. An economic-mathematical approach for evaluating export growth in conditions of con­flict-free trade is proposed. Conclusions. Tariffs are not the only barrier to market entry in the EU. Some of the largest trade transaction costs have been seen to be a major barrier to export development which was addressed within the DCFTA. Further inves­tigation could be focus on assessing the compe­titiveness of products with improved access.
Supply chain risks of trade companies during a large-scale crisis
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, KHARSUN Liudmyla , KOVALENKO Yuliya ,   National Aviation University
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The effectiveness of modern management of business structures directly de­pends on the analysis of potential risks and asses­sment of the probability of their occurrence. Risk management tools are of particular importance in optimizing the functioning of supply chains of trade enterprises. Problem. Russia’s full-scale military inva­sion of Ukraine significantly changes appro­aches to supply chains organization, requires their promptly reformatting. This necessitates an analysis of the key risks associated with the operation of martial law and the consequences of their impact on supply chains in trade. The aim of the article is to determine the nature of the risks of functioning of trading companies’ supply chains under martial law and to substantiate the practical tools of logistics management aimed at minimizing losses as a re­sult of their occurrence. Methods. The methodological apparatus of the research consists of general scientific met­hods (system analysis, determination of direct and reverse relations between economic pheno­mena and processes, comparative analysis) and special economic methods (statistical-analy­ti­cal, qualitative and quantitative analysis, situa­tional analysis). Results. It was determined that the logistics industry was one of the first to feel the con­sequences of military actions and the urgent need to rebuild the established mechanisms of logistics services of trade flows. The main groups of risks that affect the operation of trade com­panies supply chains in war conditions have been studied, the main forms of their mani­festation and consequences have been assessed. Conclusions. Considering the acute impact of the military invasion of Ukraine on the function­ning of trading companies’ supply chains, the necessity of flexible and diversified transfor­mation of their logistics strategies has been determined. The importance of risk monitoring and the development of alternative action plans for various scenarios has been proven.
Presentation of the Special Issue. Cultural Innovation in the Basque Country: A Polyhedral View
Authors:   University of the Basque Country, Abad Miguélez Begoña , Apodaka Eduardo
Published: January 2023

The Special Issue entitled "Cultural innovation in the Basque Country: A polyhedral perspective" brings together 6 articles written by members of the research group of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) "INNOkLab: Laboratory of Cultural Innovation”. The articles are, precisely, the result of a reflexive process to delimit a complex but extraordinarily suggestive field of study such as cultural innovation, from an epistemological perspective that understands cultural evolution and cultural change as a constitutive part of the most dynamic socio-technical systems of the present. It is, therefore, a collective effort that attends to the links between innovation and culture from the consideration that the associations and connections that make innovation processes possible are also the result of the transformation of daily routines, identities, symbolic interpretations and emotional repertoires of the actors involved.
From compass to radar: An innovative methodological strategy for researching cultural innovation
Authors:   University of the Basque Country, Abad Miguélez Begoña , González Sandra ,   University of the Basque Country
Published: January 2023

In response to the absence of a deep reflection on methodological innovation, this article sets out to approach the most appropriate strategy for investigating cultural innovation. In this regard, underlying this article there is a conceptual revision of two key terms: culture and innovation. The former is expanded towards more open and creative visions, and the latter is redefined from a linear and accumulative conceptualisation to an open and creative process. In order to build a new methodological approach based on this revision, we focus on presenting an onto-epistemological turn that implies a move from a research process in a linear progression, to an innovative cultural research process understood as an event that is processual, relational, and performative. By way of conclusion, the article proposes a creative and innovative research device that is open to the multiple configurations in which individuals and groups inhabit, build and experience culture in innovative ways.
Engaging medical laboratory scientists in future pandemics: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Makata Victor Chisom , Ekwebelem Moses Chukwuemeka , Essien Victor Godwin , Effiong Fortune Benjamin
Published: January 2023

The role of medical laboratory scientists has been critical in the early identification of the causative agent of the COVID-19 global pandemic, and the ongoing management and surveillance of the disease. Lessons from the Nigerian experience include the need to improve the capacity of laboratories in molecular diagnosis, increase the number of laboratories within the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control network, and establish more viral laboratories across the country.
 
Keywords: COVID-19, infectious disease, health care reform, pandemic, medical laboratory scientist
Ziemiaństwo polskie wobec dyskusji o zasadzie przymusowego wywłaszczenia ziemi w I Dumie Państwowej. Zjazd agrarny w Warszawie 27-30 listopada 1906 r. i jego znaczenie
Authors: Jurkowski Roman
Published: January 2023

The article concerns the attitude of the Polish landed gentry to the principle of compulsory expropriation of land, which was accepted in the 1st State Duma by the Polish Circle of the Kingdom of Poland. The Polish conservatives grouped in the Party of Real Politics were decisive opponents of the forced expropriation of private land. In November 1906, they organized a special congress on the agrarian issue in Warsaw in order to receive an assurance from the National-Democratic Party that the party would not support any projects of forced expropriation of lands in the future Duma. At the agrarian congress, the participants discussed ways to restore agriculture in Russia and the Kingdom of Poland, as well as the future cooperation of both parties in the upcoming elections to the Second State Duma (1907).
Dialog prawosławno-protestancki na ziemiach ruskich I Rzeczypospolitej (przełom XVI i XVII w.)
Authors: Melnyk Marek
Published: January 2023

The article presents the main directions of the “strategy” of the Orthodox and Protestant dialogue and cooperation in the Ruthenian territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries). This cooperation was undertaken too late. It took place at the time of the predominance of the counter-reformation camp in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It had therefore an ad hoc character. At the same time, it was severely criticized. Describing the image of the Orthodox and Protestant cooperation inspired by political problems should be separated from strictly theological issues.
Okoliczności zerwania przez Związek Sowiecki stosunków dyplomatycznych z Polską w kwietniu 1943 r.
Authors: Zuziak Janusz
Published: January 2023

The article focuses on the circumstances of the USSR’s breaking off diplomatic relations with Poland in April 1943. The main research problem is the sequence of events in the Polish-Soviet relations in the period from July 1941, i.e. from the signing of the Sikorski-Majski pact, to April 1943, which consequently led to their breaking. The theoretical basis is constituted by the source documents and the basic literature on the subject. The primary research method was a critical analysis of sources and literature. On the basis of the conducted research, the author argues that the matter of the graves of the Polish officers murdered in Smolensk was only a pretext to make a decision to break off the diplomatic relations with the government of General Władysław Sikorski by the USSR and to start cooperation with Polish communists gathered in the Union of Polish Patriots.
Morski wymiar polsko-radzieckiej współpracy wojskowej w latach 1945-1989
Authors: Drzewiecki Andrzej
Published: January 2023

The term cooperation in reference to its Polish-Soviet dimension has few adherents today. The dominant terminology emphasizes our across-the-board dependence on the eastern "partner"; many of those people write and speak of "Soviet occupation". I think it is a consequence of a certain historical policy, which, on the one hand, aims at obliterating the real image of the People's Republic of Poland in the memory of contemporary generations, and, on the other hand, takes recourse to a quite common opinion about the hostility of the USSR (also of the Russian Federation) in order to shape anti-Soviet and anti-Russian attitudes of Poles. The political and military reality of the years 1945-1989 was more complex, also in the area of the Polish-Soviet naval cooperation, and hence I intend to reflect on it in order to deepen its understanding beyond the known and oft-repeated political clichés.
Жіноче письмо, авторка, героїня в українському літературознавстві часів незалежності
Authors: Zharkova Roksolana
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to an analysis of women's writing in the literary theory and criticism of independent Ukraine. A general overview of the formation of feminist critique and gender approach in Ukrainian literary criticism is made based on the principles of American and French literary schools. Researchers’ concepts concerning the features of women’s writing, themes, stylistics and poetics of texts created by women are analyzed. The achievements of Ukrainian scholars in the study of women's literature, in particular, the works of modernist and postmodernist women authors, are shown. The leading research themes of the period of Independence are determined, namely: representation and reception of a woman author, features of a text written by a woman, types of heroines in modern Ukrainian women’s prose.
Sarmacja Johannesa Bobrowskiego (1917-1965) w perspektywie geopoetyki. Litewskie reminiscencje
Authors: Gajdis Anna
Published: January 2023

The subject of the article is Sarmatia in the geopoetical perspective. Lithuanian reminiscences is Bobrowski’s literary output in the context of his concept of Sarmatia, with a special attention towards Lithuanian motives. The writer referred to the vast areas of Central and Eastern Europe from Berlin to the Urals as Sarmatia, and he defined his poetic task as the study of the Germans' transgressions against their eastern neighbours.  According to geopoetics, Sarmatia is a place made up of personal experiences, feelings and emotions. Research on the autobiography conducted by M. Czermińska allows us to call it an autobiographical place created out of landscape, history and tradition. The writer himself described East Prussia as a place of childhood and happiness, but he also felt fulfilled as a wanderer on the great expanses of Eastern Europe.
Od duchowości do literatury. Aspekty pamięci w publicystyce Wadima Borisowa
Authors: Sidor Monika
Published: January 2023

This paper depicts a category of memory in the works by Vadim Borisov, a historian of the Orthodox Church and a literary critic, whose fate in the communist period was strictly connected to the political activity of A. Solzhenitsyn. The most known works by Borisov are primarily devoted to various issues of the Soviet people in the philosophical and historical perspective, but they also stress the problem of memory very clearly. The author of the article characterises several aspects of the phenomenon juxtaposing them with the theories proposed by contemporary memory scientists. The scrutiny shows that Borisov's deliberations surpassed the boundaries of political discourse underlining cultural and religious dimensions of the given problem which have become an important subject under consideration of many subsequent scholars.
Pragmatic aspects of street protests discourse (on the example of protests in Belarus in 2020)
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander
Published: January 2023

The author analyzes the pragmatic properties of protest discourse, taking into account poster slogans used during mass anti-government protests in Belarus in 2020. The theoretical basis of the research is the concept of discourse, based on four categories: intention, representation, performance and context. The author distinguishes among three types of contexts: cognitive, social and event-related (functional). In accordance with the global function of the protest discourse, three types of constitutive language activities are distinguished: modal-evaluative, modal-disapproving and speech acts of ultimatum. The author analyzes these types of speech acts in detail and provides numerous linguistic examples.
Энантиосемические явления в процессе формирования номинаций здоровья в диалектной речи
Authors: Kozhinowa Alla
Published: January 2023

The article presents selected examples of enantiosemy which take place in the process of developing names denoting health in Russian dialects compared with Common Slavic units. Primarily, the history of the Russian kreiat’ and derived words with the same root are studied, alongside some other words with the same meaning. It is stated that auto-antonymous meanings can be detected through the existence of a lexeme originating from the primary motivation to a later attestation. The complexity of the historical development of a name often results in a discrepancy between its proposed etymologies.
Нарушение согласования по роду в русской речи студентов-казахов: опыт корпусного исследования
Authors: Kazkenova Aimgul , Kadyrova Galina , Amanov Amirkul
Published: January 2023

The studied examples of attributive phrases are cases of gender disagreement in written Russian of Kazakh students. The article shows that the gender disagreement is due to the absence of a gender category and the limited agreement in Kazakh, as well as the formal nature of the distribution of nouns by gender and the hardness of agreement in Russian. The material for the research was extracted from the Kazakh subcorpus of the Russian Learner Corpus. An attempt was made to conduct a quantitative analysis. The article describes the dependence of gender disagreement on the formal characteristics of the noun – the controller of the agreement, the case of the attributive phrase and partly the structure of the utterance.
Il faut traiter les faits religieux comme des choses
Authors: Béra Matthieu
Published: January 2023

First, we return to the question of ‘revelation’ that has never been taken as an object of research. There has always been reluctance to take it seriously. However, Durkheim changed his thematic and theoretical perspectives from 1897, focusing on religious facts. Second, we explain how to treat revelation as a ‘thing’, as an object of research, insisting on the exegetical method by positioning ourselves prior to the emergence of ‘revelation’ (1895) to identify the paths that were decisive for Durkheim. All the articles in the special issue follow this approach. Third, we show how Durkheim went about ‘treating religious facts as things’, via the comparative method: by comparing the objectification of religion in other disciplines (history, law, psychology, philosophy), to arrive at a sociological synthesis; by comparing religious facts (and especially sacrifice) within different religions. The six articles in the special issue demonstrate the importance of the comparative method in social science. They ought to be compared with each other.

Dans un premier temps, nous revenons sur la question de la révélation en rappelant qu'elle n'a jamais été traitée comme un objet de recherche à part entière. Il y a toujours eu des réticences à la prendre au sérieux. Pourtant, dans les faits, à partir de 1897, Durkheim a bien changé d'optiques, thématique et théorique, en ne s'intéressant plus qu'aux faits religieux. Dans un second temps, nous expliquons comment traiter la révélation ‘comme une chose’, en insistant sur la méthode exégétique, en se positionnant en amont de la révélation (1895), pour repérer les cheminements décisifs de Durkheim. Tous les articles du dossier suivent cette voie. Dans un troisième temps, nous montrons comment Durkheim s'y est pris pour ‘traiter les faits religieux comme des choses’1, via la méthode comparative : en comparant l'objectivation du religieux telle qu'elle était proposée par les autres disciplines (histoire, droit, psychologie, philosophie, ethnologie…), puis en comparant les faits religieux (et spécialement le sacrifice) entre différentes religions. Les six articles du dossier démontrent l'importance de la méthode comparative en science sociale. Ils doivent eux-mêmes être comparés entre eux.
‘La justice est pleine de charité’, ou la ‘révélation’ d'Émile Durkheim vue par Gaston Richard
Authors: Rol Cécile
Published: January 2023

Gaston Richard was not only among the first to be informed of the ‘revelation’ that Durkheim announced about his reading of William Robertson Smith in 1895. Among all the Durkheimians, Richard was alone in publicly declaring himself on the matter. The radical nature of his witness went far beyond the fact of calling into question the date as well as the subject of this ‘revelation’. For Richard, the constitution of Durkheim's religious sociology was ultimately ‘only a moment from a more ample study’ about obligation. The originality of his analysis derives as much from the fact of having seen the main source of Durkheim's inspiration in the neo-criticism of Charles Renouvier (parts 1 and 2) as from having criticized Durkheim's state-sociology, which was, if not the conclusion, then at least its political translation (part 3).

Gaston Richard ne fut pas seulement aux toutes premières loges de la ‘révélation’ dont Durkheim fit part au sujet de sa lecture de William Robertson Smith, en 1895. De tous les durkheimiens, il fut encore le seul à s'y prononcer publiquement. La radicalité de son témoignage ira bien au-delà du fait de remettre en cause la date tout autant que l'objet de cette ‘révélation’ : pour Richard, la constitution de la sociologie religieuse durkheimienne ne fut en définitive ‘rien qu'un moment d'une étude beaucoup plus ample’ sur l'obligation. L'originalité de son analyse tient autant au fait d'en avoir vu la source d'inspiration majeure dans le néo-criticisme de Charles Renouvier (parties 1 & 2) que dans celui d'avoir critiqué la sociologie durkheimienne de l'État, qui en était sinon la conclusion, du moins la traduction politique (partie 3).
Émile Durkheim et la sociologie des religions
Authors: Fhima Catherine , Lardinois Roland
Published: January 2023

This article examines Henri Hubert and Marcel Mauss's Essay on the nature and function of sacrifice, published in the second volume of L'Année sociologique edited by Durkheim. By focussing on the comparative method used by Hubert and Mauss to compare the civilisations of ancient India and Israel, we can trace how Durkheim gradually elaborated upon the sociology of religions and the subject of sacrifice. Two sociological concepts are used to analyse this intellectual exchange. First, the notion of ‘configuration’, following Norbert Elias, that is understood as a space of mutual dependence and interaction in which authors, journals, disciplines and academic institutions participate. Second, the notion of ‘a conversational space’, borrowed from Erving Goffman, that formed among Émile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss, Henri Hubert and Sylvain Lévi. We contend that the writing and thinking of sacrifice in Hubert and Mauss's essay was marked by the different backgrounds to which these four scholars belonged—three Jews and one Christian—while at the same time they were committed in the name of justice and equality to the defence of Captain Dreyfus, seen as an ‘expiatory victim’.

Le but de cet article est d'étudier la fabrique de l'ouvrage d'Henri Hubert et de Marcel Mauss, Essai sur la nature et la fonction du sacrifice, paru en 1899 dans le deuxième volume de L'Année sociologique éditée par Émile Durkheim. On montre que ce mémoire est le résultat des échanges intellectuels entre Henri Hubert, Marcel Mauss, Émile Durkheim et Sylvain Lévi, ce dernier ayant fourni aux auteurs de l'essai une analyse du sacrifice védique qui structure leur modèle. On mobilise deux outils sociologiques : premièrement, la notion de configuration, empruntée à Norbert Elias et, deuxièmement, celle d'ordre conversationnel que l'on doit à Erving Goffman. On soutient que l'Essai sur le sacrifice témoigne d'une écriture de la différence à laquelle participent trois savants juifs et un savant de culture chrétienne, ces quatre personnes étant par ailleurs engagées dans la défense du capitaine Dreyfus au nom de la justice et de l'égalité.
The ‘Revelation’ in Durkheim's Sociology of Religion
Authors: Miller William Watts
Published: January 2023

What was the nature of the ‘revelation’ and of the appreciation of William Robertson Smith that, in 1907, Émile Durkheim dated to 1895? This article tracks new developments in his thought after 1895, including an emphasis on creative effervescence. But there was also continuity, involving a search for origins that used the ethnology of a living culture to identify early human socioreligious life with totemism in Australia. It is this continuity, at the core of his thought after 1895, which helps to bring out the nature of his ‘revelation’ and of his homage to Robertson Smith. It also highlights a problem with his start from an already complex Australian world, yet without a suitable evolutionary perspective available to him. However, a modern re-reading can reinstate Durkheim's interest in origins, in a story of hominin/human evolution over millions of years.