bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of regulatory light chain mutation K104E on the ATPase and motor properties of cardiac myosin
Authors: Rasicci David V. , Kirkland Orville , Moonschi Faruk H. , Wood Neil B. , Szczesna-Cordary Danuta , Previs Michael J. , Wenk Jonathan F. , Campbell Kenneth S. , Yengo Christopher M.
Published: April 2021

Mutations in the cardiac myosin regulatory light chain (RLC, MYL2 gene) are known to cause inherited cardiomyopathies with variable phenotypes. In this study, we investigated the impact of a mutation in the RLC (K104E) that is associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Previously in a mouse model of K104E, older animals were found to develop cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction, suggesting a slow development of HCM. However, variable penetrance of the mutation in human populations suggests that the impact of K104E may be subtle. Therefore, we generated human cardiac myosin subfragment-1 (M2β-S1) and exchanged on either the wild type (WT) or K104E human ventricular RLC in order to assess the impact of the mutation on the mechanochemical properties of cardiac myosin. The maximum actin-activated ATPase activity and actin sliding velocities in the in vitro motility assay were similar in M2β-S1 WT and K104E, as were the detachment kinetic parameters, including the rate of ATP-induced dissociation and the ADP release rate constant. We also examined the mechanical performance of α-cardiac myosin extracted from transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human wild type RLC (Tg WT) or mutant RLC (Tg K104E). We found that α-cardiac myosin from Tg K104E animals demonstrated enhanced actin sliding velocities in the motility assay compared with its Tg WT counterpart. Furthermore, the degree of incorporation of the mutant RLC into α-cardiac myosin in the transgenic animals was significantly reduced compared with wild type. Therefore, we conclude that the impact of the K104E mutation depends on either the length or the isoform of the myosin heavy chain backbone and that the mutation may disrupt RLC interactions with the myosin lever arm domain.
Transition from sliding to rolling in billiards and golf
Authors: Cross Rod
Published: April 2021

An experiment is described where a billiard ball and a golf ball were projected with backspin on a horizontal surface to measure the transition from sliding to rolling. During both phases, the torque on the ball is affected by an offset in the line of action of the normal reaction force.
Improved macroscopic microscopic mass formula
Authors: Zhao Tian-Liang , Bao Xiao-Jun , Zhang Hong-Fei
Published: April 2021

A nuclear mass formula based on the macroscopic microscopic approach is proposed, in which the number of model parameters is reduced compared with other macroscopic microscopic models. The root mean square (RMS) deviation with respect to 2314 training sets (measured nuclear masses) is reduced to 0.447 MeV, and the calculated value of each nucleus is no more than 0.8% different from the experimental value. The single and two nucleon separation energies and the shell gaps are calculated to test the model. The shell corrections and double magic number of superheavy nuclei are also analyzed.
Nutrient Content of Seaweed and Its Digestibility in Osteochilus hasseltii
Authors: Nafiqoh N , Suryaningrum L. H. , Novita H. , Andriyanto S
Published: April 2021

Seaweed is an abundant biological resource in Indonesian waters and has complete nutrients, so its utilization is very diverse. This study aims to determine the nutrient content of four seaweeds Gracilaria sp., Palmaria sp., Sargassum sp., Ulva sp.; and evaluate the digestibility in Osteochilus hasseltii. Seaweeds were taken at Pulang Sawal coast, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The digestibility measurement is carried out by providing a test diet which consists of 70% reference diet and 30% seaweed meal. Chromium oxide was used as an inert marker and added 0.6% to both reference and test diet. The average weight of experimental fish was 11.24±0.21 g and stocked 15 fish per aquarium, which is filled with 90L of water. The results showed that carbohydrate (NFE) is the largest component in seaweed. Ulva sp. had the highest digestibility in O. hasseltii (68.13%), while Palmaria sp., Sargassum sp., and Gracilaria sp. were 66.96%, 66.04%, and 65.23%, respectively. The four seaweeds used in this study were digestible by O. hasseltii and potential be used as an alternative ingredient in O. hasseltii diet.
Opportunities and Challenges Application of Desalination Technology for the Clean Water Availability in Bangka Islands
Authors: Sulandari U , Sapei A , Eriyatno  , Faqih A , Karlinasari L
Published: April 2021

Bangka Belitung islands is a province with limited clean water due to a lot of tins mine which is not environmentally friendly. on the other hand, Bangka Belitung has a 1200 km coastline more easily to access seawater. for this reason, the desalination technique is used as a way to overcome the limitations of freshwater. In addition to answering the needs for clean water, desalination techniques can also answer the need for salt on the island of Bangka by utilizing brine as waste from the processing of desalination techniques. this study applies the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method which is based on several criteria such as social, economic, and environmental considerations in assessing the opportunities and constraints of implementing seawater desalination techniques. Result shows of the hierarchical analysis, the main challenges in desalination technique are high operational costs, distribution, and access to water resources and a regulatory framework that has not yet been established. the main opportunities in the desalination development are raw materials (seawater) are easy to access, environmentally friendly technology and support from local government.
Species and Density of Gastropods in The Rehabilitated Mangrove Ecosystems in the Kedaburapat Village Rangsang Pesisir Sub-District, Riau Province
Authors: Efriyeldi E , Mulyadi A , Samiaji J
Published: April 2021

This study aims to examine the species and density of gastropods in the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem in Kedaburapat village Riau Province. The research was conducted in July 2020. The method used was a survey method. In 2018 mangrove planted, 2 transect lines were placed in the mangrove, and in each line, there were 6 plots (2 m × 2 m). Two plots were in the lower area, 2 plots in the middle area and other 2 plots were in the upper area. In 2019 mangrove planted, similar method was used to sampled the gastropods. The gastropods samplings were conducted manually during low tide. The gastropod were then identified in the laboratory. The substrate was studied visualy. The difference in gastropods density between two mangrove areas was analyzed using the t-test. The results showed that the species of gastropods that lived in the mangrove areas planted in 2018 consisted Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, L. lutea, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus. Meanwhile, in the mangrove areas planted in 2019 consisted, Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus, Nassarius dorsatu, Sphaerassiminea miniata. The average density of gastropods in the mangrove area planted in 2018 was 6.68 ind/m2, while in 2019 was 7.04 ind/m2. The results of the t-test analysis showed that there was no significant difference in gastropod density between the two mangrove regions.
Antibacterial Screening on Xylocarpus grastrnatum Extract Against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Yoswaty D , Nursyirwani  , Nurrachmi I. , Effendi I. , Gabariel E.
Published: April 2021

This research aims to analyze the antibacterial potential of Xylocarpus granatum extract (stem, fruit and leaves) on pathogenic bacteria of Vibrio alginoliticus, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomnas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. This research also identified the bioactive compounds contained in the extract. Mangrove samples were collected from the Marine Station of Purnama Village, Dumai City. Indonesia. It was noted that the extract inhibited V. alginolithicus with the following inhibitory sequence; stem (10.0 mm), leaf (5.1 mm) and fruit (4.6 mm). This plant also inhibited A. hydrophilla in the order of inhibitory level; stem (10.00 mm), leaf (5.4 mm) and fruit (5.3 mm). Similar impacts were also seen in P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The clear zones produced for P. aeruginosa are as follows; stem (10.8 mm), leaf (5.2 mm) and fruit (5.3 mm). Whereas for E. coli the inhibitory level was stem (8.7 mm), leaf (5.1 mm) and fruit (4.9 mm). Identification work on bioactive compounds of mangrove stems, leaves and fruits were phenolic, safonin, tannins, terpenoids, steroids and flavonoids.
Predicted of isoflavone reductase protein from oil palm and date palm using of PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software
Authors: Hayati R , Basyuni M , Lisnawita  , Munir E
Published: April 2021

Plants contained a large number of proteins homologous to isoflavone reductase. Two palmae tree genes, c2qx7A and 1qyc1B, encoding isoflavone reductase-like proteins had been previously identified from their unique expression patterns. To gain insight into the possibility of protein modeling of isoflavone reductase, we compared in detail the build models of protein by PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software. The oil palm showed a higher in sequence identity, sequence similarity, coverage, and Qmean compared to date palm. Homology modelling showed that 294 residue (97% of the amino acid sequence) had been modelling with 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template for both oil palm and date palm using PHYRE2. This coverage was higher than the SWISS-MODEL predicted (80% and 77%). The c2qx7A image patterns were not similar to 1qyc1B. The c2qx7A image patterns were not similar to 1qyc1B, suggesting that different protein functions in the response for each plant.
Thaumatin protein predicted from oil palm and rubber using PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software
Authors: Hayati R , Basyuni M , Lisnawita  , Munir E
Published: April 2021

Thaumatin-like proteins play important roles in plant defense responses. The protein sequence of a thaumatin gene was found from the NCBI database and analyzed using PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software. The oil palm showed that the total different protein modeling determines by SWISS-MODEL. In addition, the binding site predicted in oil palm has three model proteins CYS, GLN, and TYR using PHYRE2. Another case, distinct in rubber model protein which just has two kind proteins (THR and TYR). The image of the structural proteins revealed that c2ahnA differences were performed using PHYRE2. While, the 2ahn.1.A structure protein had the closest homology image effects in the oil palm and rubber using SWISS-MODEL. The extracellular-cytoplasmic from oil palm was constructed in 19-34 membranes. But different helix, an extracellular-cytoplasmic from rubber was constructed in 22-37 membranes (N-C terminal).
Current status of sustainability of Belawan Port toward SDG program
Authors: Sulaiman I A , Nasution Z , Rauf A , Kusuma M S B
Published: April 2021

Belawan Port is one of the main ports in Indonesia whose role and function are important in the national logistics system. Belawan Port is a gateway for the Province of North Sumatra. The port must have sustainability in carrying out its role and function as transportation and economic infrastructure. In this research, Belawan Port sustainability will be evaluated from several aspects or dimensions, namely ecology, economy, social culture, technology, and institutions and law. Belawan port sustainability analysis using the Multidimensional Scaling method, using the modified Rapfish program. The analysis is carried out on five dimensions and 49 attributes/factors, which are used as a reference in the SDGs program. Not every SDG will be relevant for every business, however, every SDG should be considered. SDGs no.4 and no.5 are not directly related to port management activities, while SDGs no.8,9,11,14,17 are directly related. From the analysis obtained Ecology sustainability index = 48.38 (less-sustainable), Economic sustainability index = 42.89 (Less-Sustainable), Socio-Cultural sustainability index = 52.47 (Fair-Sustainable), Technological sustainability index = 54.11 (Fair-Sustainable), Institutional and Legal sustainability index = 50.74 (Fair-Sustainable). With policy and program interventions, the sustainability of the existing Belawan Port in the short term can be improved to be fair-sustainable for all dimensions (ecology, economy, social & culture, Technology, Institution & Law) evaluated.
Plot scale comparison of runoff generalization between forest and coffee combination cassava landcover in Kuta Jungak Village, Siempat Rube District, Pakpak Bharat Regency
Authors: Slamet B , Purba A R , Samsuri  , Rauf A
Published: April 2021

It has become a public opinion that forests will always reduce the amount of surface runoff compared to other types of land cover. However, previous research reports that the runoff generalization process is still not fully explained. The activity of converting forests into agricultural land will also have an impact on surface runoff. This study aims to compare the magnitude of surface runoff on the plot scale between forest and coffee combination cassava fields. The surface runoff measurement plot with a size of 8 x 10 meters in the direction of the slope. The higher average surface runoff occurs in a forest plot that is equal to 0.286 ± 0.438 mm, while coffee and cassava plots produce an average surface flow of 0.022 ± 0.057 mm. Understorey and litter are influential in generalizing runoff in both plots. The understorey vegetation cover in the forest plot is lower than in the coffee combination cassava plot. This research confirms the results of previous studies that forests with less understorey vegetation conditions and less litter cover the soil surface can still produce high runoff results.
Effect of land use type on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in high altitude of Karo Highland
Authors: Delvian D
Published: April 2021

This study evaluated the spore density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in different land use type at Karo Highland. Sampling of soil AMF was conducted once as a material for trap culture by using Pueraria javanica as a host. The trap culture was used to observe the spore density and percentage of root colonization. The results showed that spore density and AMF colonization was not affected by different land use type, but rather by soil chemical properties. Soil acidity and phosphorus content had negative effect on root abundance and colonization, while carbon, nitrogen and potassium content gave positive effects. This study found 15 AMF spores from all types of land use dominated by Glomaceae followed by Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae. The occurrence of AMF species was not specific to one type of land use but rather evenly dispersed in all types.
Application of different various species of fungi to increase growth of Avicennia marina 300 m from the coastline in Belawan and Pulau Sembilan
Authors: Yunasfi  , Sitorus D E , Utomo B
Published: April 2021

Mangrove is a typical ecosystem that lives in areas with high salinity and tidal effects. Mangrove has the ability to absorb organic and non-organic matter produced by decomposing microorganisms derived from decomposition of leaf litter or other decomposed material. This research can provide information on the species of fungi are able to increase growth of A. marina. This research was conducted from August to October 2017 using a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments with ten replicates and with two locations. Fungal species used were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp. 2, Aspergillus sp. 1 and the control as a comparison. Fungi give effect to the height increase of A. marina plants with an average height of 24.64 cm on Pulau Sembilan and 27 cm in Belawan. The total dry weight of plants has an average value of 11.77 g on Pulau Sembilan and 11.97 g in Belawan. The average diameter obtained from fungi treatment on Pulau Sembilan is 0,48 cm and in Belawan is 0.56 cm. The average leaf width that occurred on Pulau Sembilan was 4.82 cm and 5.03 cm in Belawan. Aspergillus niger is the most influential fungus on the growth of A. marina seedlings.
Application of fungi Aspergillus sp. from leaf litter Rhizophora mucronata Lamk. to accelerate decomposition on various salinity levels in Belawan
Authors: Yunasfi  , Hakiki N , Susetya I E
Published: April 2021

The decomposed leaves of R. mucronata are a source of organic material or nutrients for plants and various types of biota associated in the Belawan Mangrove Area. One of the microorganisms that play a role in the decomposition process is Aspergillus sp. The purpose of this study was to determine the acceleration of the rate of decomposition and measure the carbohydrate and protein content of R. mucronata leaf litter that had been decomposed by Aspergillus sp at various levels of salinity in Belawan. This research was conducted in June 2019-March 2020. The average litter decomposition rate was obtained using the Olson Formula (1963): ln (Xt / X0) = -kt, analysis of carbohydrate and protein content using SNI methods 01-2891-1992. The fastest decomposition rate of R. mucronata leaves is at station 1 with salinity 0-10 ppt which is 10.02 / year and the lowest is at station 2 with salinity 11-20 ppt which is 7.51 / year. The highest average carbohydrate content at station 1 is 7.02 and the lowest content of station 2 is 5.18%. The highest average protein content at station 3 ppt is 5.62% and the lowest is station 2 which is 4.28%.
The effect of lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) electrolyte filtrate addition on conductivity and electricity of hydrogel aluminium battery based on carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Sundari E , Ginting M H S , Rajagukguk A H , Misran E , Iriany  , Hasibuan K A , Lubis M
Published: April 2021

Hydrogel Aluminum Battery is a promising source of electrical energy using electrolytes polymeror hydrogel. This research aims to determine the effect lime electrolyte addition on ionic conductivity and electrical characteristic values of hydrogel aluminium battery produced. The method used for making hydrogel is gelatinization method. Based on this research, the best conductivity value obtained is 3.968 x10-3 S/cm from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml. The highest voltage obtained from hydrogel aluminium battery is 1.6129 from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml electrolyte. The highest DC current is 14.077 mA from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml and the highest battery power obtained is 22,805 mW from the combination of CMC 2% variation at the addition of 100 ml electrolytes.
Effect of corn stalks and palm fibers ratio on physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboard
Authors: Iswanto A H , Octaviani F , Tarigan W F , Nuryawan A
Published: April 2021

Corn stalk and palm fiber are potential non-wood material as a raw material in the manufacture of particleboards. The purpose of this study was to analyze the corn stalk and palm fiber ratio to the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboard. In this study, corn stalk and palm fiber were made into particles with a length of 7 cm respectively. Isocyanate adhesive content used in board manufacturing was 10% with a solid content of 97%. The process of making boards using a hot press machine was set at a temperature of 160°C, the pressure of 30 kg/cm2for 5 minutes. The result showed that the higher proportion of palm fiber to decrease in the thickness swelling value indicates an improvement in the dimensional stability value even though it has not yet met the standards. The mechanical parameters of the board showed a tendency to decrease with the increasing composition of the palm fiber. The durability test of particleboard showed that the board given the palm fibers were more resistant to termite attack.
Population structure of woody plant in malaka (Phyllanthus emblicata) habitat, Padang bolak, North Sumatra
Authors: Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Rachmat H H , Rangkuti A B , Dwiyanti F G , Yulita K S , Fambayun R A , Ginting I M , Purba M F
Published: April 2021

Malaka is a wild plant that generally grows in subtropical and tropical regions including India, Thailand, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China and Indonesia. In Indonesia, this plant found disjunct in Java, Ternate and North Sumatra. Malacca seed is known as traditional medicine for diabetes, cancer, liver, ulcers and anemia. People in South Tapanuli also used the leaf as traditional food ingredients. Information regarding to distribution and habitat of Malacca in North Sumatra is still quite limited. Therefore our research aims to determine the population structure and malacca association in Padang Bolak Julu. The population structure and plant species associations were conducted through vegetation analysis by purposive sampling and the association is calculated using the Ochiai, Dice, and Jackard index values. The results showed that the malaka IVI at the level of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees were 150.35, 131.83, 112.04 and 102.23, respectively. Malaka plants are high association patterns and positively associated with P. obovatum in the location.
DNA isolation and amplification of raru leaf (Cotylelobium melanoxylon Pierre and Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib)
Authors: Susilowati A , Rachmat H H , Elfiati D , Rangkuti A B , Yulita K S , Dwiyanti F G , Fambayun R A , Gea P , Ginting I M
Published: April 2021

Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib and Cotylelobium melanoxylon Pierre or locally known as raru are trees used as ingredients for traditional Batak drinks called “tuak”. Destructive and uncontrolled harvesting of raru leads to a decline in its population and genetic diversity. Morphological distinctions for C. melanoxylon and C. lanceolatum have been conducted even though there are some weaknesses of this identification, thus molecular based marker are tools which is preferred for solved the problem. However, an appropriate DNA isolation method is basic and important step for molecular studies to obtain high-quality genomic DNA so that further analysis can proceed. Therefore, our study focused to obtain the successful DNA isolation method using the modified CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method and its amplification on three candidate of DNA barcodes i.e. trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, ITS1-ITS4. In total six genomic DNA were isolated from the silica-gel dried leaf of the two raru species and amplified with trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and ITS1-ITS4 primer-pairs. The results showed that the modified CTAB method proved to be successful and applicable for the extraction of DNA of C. melanoxylon Pierre and C. lanceolatum Craib. Furthermore, the trnL-trnF primer-pair was successfully amplified compared with trnH-psbA and ITS1-ITS4 indicating that the primer-pair can be used as a DNA barcode candidate for further DNA sequencing and analysis.
In vitro anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity of stem bark the Flacourtia rukam
Authors: Muharni M , Julinar J , Yohandini H , Fitrya F , Melati R
Published: April 2021

Flacourtia rukam belongs to family Salicaceae and Indonesia is known as rukem. F. rukam is popular among people especially Musi Banyuas in South Sumatera, Indonesia for the treatment of hypertensive. Investigated effect anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity from extracts the stem bark of F. rukam have been done. The anti-cholesterol activity was measured by the photometric method by reaction cholesterol with Liebermann-Burchard reagent and anti-hypertensive activity using Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory method. The crude ethanol extract showed the highest anti-cholesterol activity compared to the fractions with IC50 value of 157.88 mg/L. Crude ethanol extract also contained the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to fractions. The anti-cholesterol activity of extracts is equivalent to the total phenolic and flavonoid contained. In an anti-hypertensive activity study, the crude ethanol extracts exhibited the percentage of ACE inhibitory activity with IC50 119.82 mg/L. The results indicated that the stem bark of F. rukam might reduce or control the cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity the stem bark of F. rukam is higher in extract form compared to fractions (synergistic).
Experimental Study on Axial Tensile Stress-Strain Relationship of High Crack Resistance Concrete
Authors: Wang Limin , Gao Peiwei , Tian Yilang , Yao Chun , Hao Dongming , Wang Zhifei
Published: April 2021

For demand of high crack resistance of concrete, the calcium-magnesium expansion agents and basalt fiber are chosen. The study of the full stress-strain curve of concrete under uniaxial tensile can comprehensively reflect its mechanical properties. The uniaxial stretch tests are used to study the concrete axial tensile constitutive model, and then the corresponding curve and formula are obtained in this paper. The influence of different dosages and water-binder ratio on the characteristic points of the curve is studied, and a suitable mathematical expression for the axial tensile stress-strain curve is proposed. Studies have shown that by adopting the method of dual admixture of expansive agent and basalt fiber, the toughness, tensile strength, ductility, and even other properties of concrete can be significantly improved. This shows that the dual admixture of the two materials has a strong toughening effect on concrete. With the amount of fiber content, the amount of expansion agent and the water-binder ratio is respectively 1%, 7% and 0.42, the performance of concrete shows the best state. The proposed calculation formula is in good agreement with the experimental results, which can provide a theoretical basis for the design and nonlinear analysis of concrete structures.
Effect of Drainage Failure of Diversion Channel on Anti-Floating Characteristics of Inning Structure
Authors: Zhao Shiwen , Guo Zhengyi , Liu Zhongqiu , Wu Junhua
Published: April 2021

Many water diversion channels in China were built on thick and high-permeability super stratum, and groundwater level exerts significant influence on the anti-floating stability of the channel lining structure. The check valve drainage is an effective engineering measure for ensuring the anti-floating stability. However, people have rarely paid attention to the anti-floating calculation of lining structure once the check valve fails. This study, based on the typical cross-section of a diversion channel, investigated the characteristics of anti-floating stability of the diversion channel by using finite-element numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The results show that reasonable calculation of anti-floating water level in the channel should be based on both numerical simulation and theoretical formula. As the check valve works normally with local failure, increasing the water level of the channel can prevent the lining structure from floating up. However, if the channel section cannot meet the anti-floating requirements when the check valve completely fails, corresponding measures should be taken in actual engineering projects to avoid the floating.
Monitoring and Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit Construction of Structural Loess in Northwest China
Authors: Shi Lide , Xue Yuxin , Zhang Longfei , Xue Zhongxing
Published: April 2021

To investigate the internal force and deformation characteristics of the supporting structure of structural loess foundation pit, 15 field monitoring data of foundation pits in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, were collected. The lateral movement of the supporting structure, settlement of soil behind piles and axial force of supporting point were studied on the basis of induction and systemize. The results show that: (1) due to the influence of spatial effect, the pile lateral displacement, surface settlement at the corner of foundation pit were significantly smaller than the middle of foundation pit; (2) the pile maximum lateral displacement at the middle of foundation pit ranges from 0.8 %” ∼ 2.0 %” of excavation depth, the pile top lateral displacement ranges from 0.2 %” ∼ 0.6 %” of excavation depth, the lateral displacement at the corner of foundation pit decreased by 60% ∼ 70%; (3) the maximum surface settlement in the middle of the foundation pit can reach 0.35%<r∼1.2%o of the excavation depth, and the maximum settlement at the corner of foundation pit decreased by 60% ∼ 70%; (4) the position of largest axial force of supporting point occurs near the maximum lateral displacement, between 0.4 ∼ 0.8 of excavation depth, the maximum measured axial force of the supporting point reached 35% ∼ 80% of the designed axial force, indicated that many foundation pits were too conservative in the design process, the structural characteristics of loess in northwest area should be considered, and the design scheme of the foundation pit should be optimized to save the cost of foundation pit engineering to avoid unnecessary waste.
The Comparison and Analysis between Numerical Simulation and Monitor Data of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation Deformation
Authors: Liu Youping , Zhang Gongping
Published: April 2021

Taking a large-scale deep foundation pit project in Guangzhou financial city as the research background, the construction process of the foundation pit is analyzed by the finite element software Midas GTS-NX. The simulated results are compared with the monitoring data, and the surface settlement deformation of the foundation pit and the horizontal displacement of supporting piles are compared and analyzed. Although the comparison results are different, the overall change trend is the same and the data are similar, and within the range of engineering deviation, the results show that the numerical simulation can provide reference for foundation pit deformation monitoring scheme design and construction scheme design.
Research on the Design of Crescent Ribbed Steel Bifurcation Pipe of High Head Hydropower Station- Take Jinzhan River -I Hydropower Station as an Example
Authors: Pan Shaohong , Wu Yunen , Ding Jiajia
Published: April 2021

The design of the steel bifurcation pipe of hydropower station should be based on the actual situation of the project, and the reasonable arrangement, structure form and structure calculation method should be selected to meet the requirements of bearing capacity, stability and stiffness of the steel bifurcation pipe. In this paper, the selection, arrangement and design of the crescent- ribbed steel bifurcation pipe of Jinzhan River -I hydropower station are analyzed and calculated, so that its structure is reasonable, economical and meets the requirements of safe and stable operation. The steel bifurcation pipe has been built and put into operation, which proves that the design is safe, feasible and reasonable.
On the Characteristics of Cold Spray Technology and Its Application in Aerospace Industries
Authors: Tan Kun , Markovych S. , Hu Wenjie , Wang Yun , Shorinov O. , Wang Yurong
Published: April 2021

Cold spraying technology is an advanced spraying technology developed based on the principles of aerodynamics. It is mainly used to deposit and repair the surface of metal alloy parts to ensure that the parts have better mechanical properties and service life. Compared with traditional thermal spraying technology, cold spraying technology has many advantages, such as low spraying temperature, low oxygen content and low porosity, and it is not easy to cause oxidation, burning, phase change and other phenomena during spraying. This article reviews the principles, technical parameters, and characteristics of cold spray technology, focusing on the effects of powder particle size and shape, particle and substrate temperature, critical speed, spray gun, collision angle, and spray distance on coating quality and deposition efficiency. In addition, the current research and application status of cold spray technology in the preparation of anti-corrosion coatings, high temperature resistant coatings, high temperature oxidation and wear resistant coatings are discussed, and the development prospects of cold spray technology are prospected.
Structured Method of Dynamic Fully Coupled Rheological Model for Seepage Field and Stress Field in Concrete Dam
Authors: Niu Jingtai , Jiang Ling , Luo Xiang , Deng Zhiping
Published: April 2021

The study comprehensively applied mathematics, mechanics theory and method and dam construction knowledge. It’s based on the numerical analysis methods such as the finite element and Fourier transform. It centered on the structured method of dynamic fully coupled rheological model for two fields in concrete dam. The dynamic fully coupled rheological model of seepage field and stress field in concrete dam was built. The finite element equations were given under the dynamic fully coupled actions of seepage field and stress field. The numerical analysis form of finite element under dynamic fully coupling of two fields was proposed. The corresponding calculation program of finite element was developed. The analysis of examples showed that, with the variation of boundary conditions such as dam displacement and water pressure, the model of dynamic fully coupled rheological model could reflect the dynamic change rules of the stress, strain and permeability coefficient in time and space. Thus, it could obtain the distribution of displacement, stress and permeability coefficient in different time within loading process.
Mathematical Model and Numerical Simulation of hydrothermal Coupling for Unsaturated Soil Subgrade in the Seasonal Frozen Zone
Authors: Wang Cong , Ma Zipeng
Published: April 2021

The subgrade in the seasonal frozen zone is easy to induce uneven settlement, frost heave and thaw settlement under the action of environmental factors such as precipitation, evaporation, radiation, etc. The subgrade is mostly unsaturated soil. In non-saline soil areas, its diseases are mostly related to moisture migration and phase change in the soil. In order to study the moisture migration and temperature distribution of the unsaturated soil subgrade in the seasonal frozen zone, a hydrothermal coupling mathematical model was established. Based on the mathematical model, the hydrothermal coupling numerical simulation was carried out by using the COMSOL Multiphyscis finite element program, Given the basic parameters and variables, the model was solved by assigning the same initial and boundary conditions as the field test, and the simulation results were compared with the field test results to obtain very satisfactory temperature simulation results and a good fit between the moisture migration results and the field test values, proving the reliability of the mathematical model.
A State Dependent Thermo-Hyperelastic Model for Geomaterials
Authors: Xu Zhenglong , Zhang Zhichao , Wang Jingkai , Li Linhang
Published: April 2021

A hyperelastic model for the state dependent and thermo-mechanical coupled nonlinear elastic behavior of geomaterials is developed in this paper. In the model the stress-density state dependent elastic moduli and the elastic instability are predicted by the high order terms of elastic strain invariants in the elastic potential function. The effects of true cohesion on the elastic potential of bonded geomaterials such as bonded sands, natural structured clays and rocks are also taken into account. As a result, unified relations between the density, the degradable cohesion, the confining stress and the elastic moduli can be derived for different geomaterials. Meanwhile, such an approach theoretically results in a state boundary and thus a strength criterion for geomaterials from the stability of elasticity. Based on such a hyperelastic approach, the nonlinear thermo-elastic coupled behavior is further considered by defining an equivalent elastic volumetric strain and taking into account a volumetric elastic thermal expansion coefficient dependent on both the volume fraction and thermal property of bound water absorbed on mineral surfaces.
Durability Tests of Silt Reinforced by Tr Materials Under Humid Environment
Authors: Yu Yue , Tang Xiaowu , Fei Minliang , Zhou Lipei , Sun Guoping
Published: April 2021

TR material is the abbreviation of glutinous rice and tung oil, which is a traditional organic reinforcement material since ancient China. Taking Qiantang River silt reinforced with TR material as the research object, 9 samples with different mass mix proportions were placed in the standard curing environment (20 °C, humidity 60%) for 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, 90 days and 180 days respectively. Shear test, permeability test and dry-wet cycle test were carried out on the treated samples. The optimum mass ratio of tung oil, glutinous rice juice and soil was determined as 5:10:85. After 180 days, the increased rate of cohesion c and internal friction angle φ is 26.3% and 15.7%, respectively. At the same time, the long-term permeability coefficient of the best mass ratio is the smallest, and the permeability coefficient KT
of 180 days is 1.775 × 10−6 cm / s. In the dry-wet cycle test, the best performance is T10R10S80, the strength reduction rate is the least, and the permeability coefficient increased rate is the least. From the perspective of absolute value, the optimum ratio T5R10S85 is still the best after the dry- wet cycle test.
Study on the Influence of Large-Span Open-Cut Foundation Pits over Existing Intercity Railway
Authors: Xie Junkai , Gao Bo , Chen Cang
Published: April 2021

As an important way to solve the problems of urban public transportation, urban rail transit has been comprehensively developed in urban construction. However, the subsequent construction of municipal engineering will affect the deformation of the underlying subway tunnel due to excavation and unloading. Aiming at the excavation of the foundation pit of the upper-span intercity railway tunnel section, by optimizing the construction technology, it is proposed to excavate in stages, small pits and small silos, and Midas GTS is used to establish a finite element model of foundation pit construction. The deformation and force influence of the existing tunnel structure underneath have been analyzed in detail. The method of excavation by stages, small pits and small silos can be used. And the technical methods adopted can reduce the impact of soil unloading on the underlying tunnel and ensure the safety and quality of foundation pit excavation. The project provides a reference basis.
Research on Vegetable Oil Based Rejuvenating Agent and Properties of Recycled Asphalt
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Tang Hui , Xu Bin , Feng Yahong , Feng Lixia , Cao Dongwei
Published: April 2021

Based on theory of dissolution and dispersion and special chemical structure of vegetable oil, the article chooses four kinds of vegetable oil (Tung oil, Castor oil, Rapeseed oil and Linseed oil) and blended them with asphalt. And then Rejuvenating Agents of asphalt based on the four kinds of vegetable oil are prepared. The test results show that good exponent relationship is presented between Tung oil content and Brookfield viscosity of Tung-oil-based Rejuvenating Agent. Furthermore, this paper studies the performance of recycled asphalt by conventional indexes, adhesion, SHRP indexes. The data show it by improving the composition of aging asphalt, thereby enabling recycled asphalt indexes recovered to close to or above the level of original asphalt.
Test Study on the Feasibility of Filling Expressway Subgrade with Carbonaceous Mudstone
Authors: Ye Qiongyao , Zhang Wenhui , Chen Tao , Deng Shengqiang , Wang Yakun
Published: April 2021

The feasibility of using carbonaceous mudstone as expressway subgrade filler is studied through laboratory test. Firstly, the influence of overburden soil pressure on the strength change and argillization of carbonaceous mudstone during seasonal wetting and drying cycles is studied. Test results show that Serious argillization occurs when carbonaceous mudstone immersed in water; the overburden soil pressure can partially inhibiting the swelling deformation, strength reduction and argillization of carbonaceous mudstone; California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of the carbonaceous mudstone increases as the overburden soil pressure increase, but gradually decreases as the number of wetting and drying cycles increase and become stable after 6 cycles, and the stable value of CBR doesn’t meet the requirements of the roadbed and upper embankment, but meets the requirement of the lower embankment; the carbonaceous mudstone studied in the test could be directly used as the lower embankment filler, but could not be directly used as the roadbed and upper embankment filler. Secondly, experiment of improving carbonaceous mudstone by cement is conducted, and results show that the CBR of carbonaceous mudstone improved with cement meets the requirements of the roadbed and upper embankment, and cement-improved carbonaceous mudstone is suitable for filling the expressway roadbed and upper embankment.
Ground Response to Pipe-Roof Tunneling of a Large Underpass in Shanghai Soft Soil
Authors: Cheng Chihao , He Junzuo , Liao Shaoming
Published: April 2021

Pipe roof method is an effective way for urban underpassing scheme. Due to the successive jacking of multiple pipes, the characteristics of ground response are distinctly different from single pipe or twin pipes. In this paper, the gradual ground loss by successive pipe-jacking and the causes of settlement are analyzed. The conclusions drawn from this paper show that: (1) The maximum incremental was right above the pipe axis which could be controlled within 1mm. (2) The shield effect of the former pipe on the latter one resulted in a 50% reduction of maximum incremental settlement. (3) The distribution of cumulative settlement curve was reflected by superimposed effect of staged ground settlements. (4) The results of settlement monitoring illustrated that the field measured settlements were basically tally with those of the simulated values, the goodness of fit was more than 85%.
Application and Research of Health Monitoring System of Xiangshan Port Bridge
Authors: Gao Jian , Li Dongming , Feng Yafei , Wan Lijun , Wu Guojun
Published: April 2021

The core of bridge development in China is from construction to maintenance. Therefore, the structural health monitoring system (SHMS) which can monitor and evaluate the bridge structure condition in real time has attracted wide attention. In this paper, according to the management and maintenance requirements of Xiangshan Port Bridge, the health monitoring system is designed, including sensor subsystem, data acquisition and transmission subsystem, integrated monitoring and evaluation subsystem. Afterwards, the SHMS set up, including the installation of sensors, debugging of system, development of Web User Interface and other work. After trial operation, the results show that the SHM of Xiangshan Port Bridge runs smoothly and can monitor changes and trends of state parameters of bridge structure in real time and dynamically, which provides a scientific basis for the evaluation of bridge structure state and facilitates overall lifetime management of the bridge.
Vulnerability Analysis Based on Ground Motion Intensity Parameters
Authors: Wang Dailong , Li Chuankun , Meng Zhaobo , Wang He , Jin Jie
Published: April 2021

Based on the ground motion intensity parameters PGA and Sa, this paper conducts a comparative analysis of the vulnerability of the Guangyue building’s wooden structure. The results show that under the same earthquake intensity, the existence of a high platform will increase the probability of damage to the Guangyue building’s wooden structure; PGA is used as an earthquake When evaluating dynamic strength parameters, the probability of evaluating the structure to reach each limit state is large, that is, the possibility of the structure exceeding various limit states is large, and the result is conservative, which is more conducive to ensuring the safety of the structure.
Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of UHV Transformers
Authors: Xue Yaodong , Cheng Yongfeng , Lu Zhicheng , Zhu Zhubing , Wang Haibo , Zhang Shujun
Published: April 2021

In order to study the seismic response characteristics of UHV transformers under different earthquakes, a shaking table experiment study of UHV transformers was carried out. The results show that with the increase of seismic excitation, the acceleration of the side wall and the top plate of the box basically shows a linear increase; when the seismic wave is input in the Y direction, the acceleration response is larger and the increase amplitude of acceleration is also larger. The acceleration response of high, medium and low voltage bushings shows similar characteristic: the response when inputting the Y direction seismic wave is greater than that when inputting the X direction; the acceleration value is the largest when inputting X+Y direction seismic wave; the response when inputting the Y+Z direction seismic wave is greater than that when inputting the X+Z direction. As the seismic peak acceleration increases, bushing acceleration and strain gradually increase, the acceleration and strain when seismic waves are input in the Y direction are greater than those input in the X direction. When the seismic excitation increases increase from 0.8 g to 1.2 g, the acceleration and strain response increase amplitude less than those the seismic excitation increases from 0.4 g to 0.8 g.
Study on Rapid Assessment of Traffic Capacity of Girder Bridges Post Major Earthquake
Authors: Feng Biao , Lan Riqing
Published: April 2021

To provide a highly applicable tool, which can assess the damage level and traffic capacity of girder bridges accurately and quickly, we proposed a new rapid assessment model for girder bridges, which contains a vulnerability model with parameter modification and a fast evaluation method for traffic capacity. Based on this model, we developed a rapid assessment software for girder bridges, using Visual C++ and ArcGIS Engine, in which the damage level and traffic capacity of girder bridges post-quake can be highlighted with colourful segments in the road network. Furthermore, we illustrated the functions and usages of this software through an application example.
Discussion on Key Influencing Factors of Construction and Demolition Waste Recovery and Recycling Management in China
Authors: Zhai Kai , Lu Shengpeng
Published: April 2021

Through the literature summary, a list of key factors affecting construction and demolition (C&D) waste recycling and resource governance was identified from three levels: government governance and support, social public participation, and related enterprise participation. By building a collaborative driving model of C&D waste recovery and recycling governance, and based on the system dynamics of C&D waste recovery and recycling governance causal loop diagram, it shows the synergy between various influencing factors of the C&D waste recovery and recycling management. Conclusion: suggestions are come up with promote the development of C&D waste recovery and recycling management by increasing policy guarantees and financial support, encouraging public participation, stimulating the participation of relevant enterprises, and improving the effects of C&D waste recovery and recycling.