bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dynamical quantum Cheshire Cat effect and implications for counterfactual communication
Authors: Aharonov Yakir , Cohen Eliahu , Popescu Sandu
Published: August 2021

Here we report a type of dynamic effect that is at the core of the so called “counterfactual computation” and especially “counterfactual communication” quantum effects that have generated a lot of interest recently. The basic feature of these counterfactual setups is the fact that particles seem to be affected by actions that take place in locations where they never (more precisely, only with infinitesimally small probability) enter. Specifically, the communication/computation takes place without the quantum particles that are supposed to be the information carriers travelling through the communication channel or entering the logic gates of the computer. Here we show that something far more subtle is taking place: It is not necessary for the particle to enter the region where the controlling action takes place; it is enough for the controlled property of the particle, (i.e., the property that is being controlled by actions in the control region), to enter that region. The presence of the controlled property, without the particle itself, is possible via a quantum Cheshire Cat type effect in which a property can be disembodied from the particle that possesses it. At the same time, we generalize the quantum Cheshire Cat effect to dynamical settings, in which the property that is “disembodied” from the particle possessing it propagates in space, and leads to a flux of “disembodied” conserved quantities.
Superconductivity in the doped quantum spin liquid on the triangular lattice
Authors: Jiang Hong-Chen
Published: August 2021

Broad interest in quantum spin liquid (QSL) phases was triggered by the notion that they can be viewed as insulating phases with preexisting electron pairs, such that upon light doping they might automatically yield high temperature superconductivity. Yet despite intense experimental and numerical efforts, definitive evidence showing that doping QSLs leads to superconductivity has been lacking. We address the problem of a lightly doped QSL through a large-scale density-matrix renormalization group study of the t-J model on finite-circumference triangular cylinders with a small but nonzero concentration of doped holes. We provide direct evidences that doping QSL can naturally give rise to d-wave superconductivity. Specifically, we find power-law superconducting correlations with a Luttinger exponent, Ksc ≈ 1, which is consistent with a strongly diverging superconducting susceptibility, $${\chi }_{sc} \,\sim\, {T}^{-(2\,-\,{K}_{sc})}$$

χ

s
c

~

T

−

(

2

−

K

s
c

)

as the temperature T → 0. The spin–spin correlations—as in the undoped QSL state—fall exponentially which suggests that the superconducting pair-pair correlations evolve smoothly from the insulating parent state.
Engineering large, anatomically shaped osteochondral constructs with robust interfacial shear properties
Authors: Brown Wendy E. , Huang Brian J. , Hu Jerry C. , Athanasiou Kyriacos A.
Published: August 2021

Despite the prevalence of large (>5 cm2) articular cartilage defects involving underlying bone, current tissue-engineered therapies only address small defects. Tissue-engineered, anatomically shaped, native-like implants may address the need for off-the-shelf, tissue-repairing therapies for large cartilage lesions. This study fabricated an osteochondral construct of translationally relevant geometry with robust functional properties. Scaffold-free, self-assembled neocartilage served as the chondral phase, and porous hydroxyapatite served as the osseous phase of the osteochondral constructs. Constructs in the shape and size of an ovine femoral condyle (31 × 14 mm) were assembled at day 4 (early) or day 10 (late) of neocartilage maturation. Early osteochondral assembly increased the interfacial interdigitation depth by 244%, interdigitation frequency by 438%, interfacial shear modulus by 243-fold, and ultimate interfacial shear strength by 4.9-fold, compared to late assembly. Toward the development of a bioprosthesis for the repair of cartilage lesions encompassing up to an entire condylar surface, this study generated a large, anatomically shaped osteochondral construct with robust interfacial mechanical properties and native-like neocartilage interdigitation.
A large dataset of detection and submeter-accurate 3-D trajectories of juvenile Chinook salmon
Authors: Martinez Jayson , Fu Tao , Li Xinya , Hou Hongfei , Wang Jingxian , Eppard M. Brad , Deng Zhiqun Daniel
Published: August 2021

Acoustic telemetry has been used extensively to study the behavior of aquatic animals. The Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) is one such system; it was developed for studying juvenile salmonids but has been used to study numerous species. A recent innovation of the JSATS system is an acoustic transmitter that is small enough to be implanted through injection or small incision that doesn’t require sutures. Use of the JSATS system involves deploying cabled acoustic receivers at hydroelectric dams, or other structures, and autonomous acoustic receivers in free-flowing sections of a river. The raw detections from acoustic-tagged fish are processed to remove potential false positives. The clean detections (5,147,996 total) are used to generate detection events and to compute 3-D trajectories (403,900 total), which are used to assign fish to a passage route through a dam. Controlled field testing involving a high-accuracy Global Positioning System receiver is done to validate the submeter accuracy of the trajectories. The JSATS dataset could be reused for expanding the understanding of near-dam fish behavior.
Interaction of 4′-methylflavonoids with biological membranes, liposomes, and human albumin
Authors: Włoch Aleksandra , Strugała-Danak Paulina , Pruchnik Hanna , Krawczyk-Łebek Agnieszka , Szczecka Karolina , Janeczko Tomasz , Kostrzewa-Susłow Edyta
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to compare the impact of three synthesized chemical compounds from a group of methylated flavonoids, i.e. 2′-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone (3), 4′-methylflavanone (4), and 4′-methylflavone (5), on a red blood cell membranes (RBCMs), phosphatidylcholine model membranes (PC), and human serum albumin (HSA) in order to investigate their structure–activity relationships. In the first stage of the study, it was proved that all of the compounds tested do not cause hemolysis of red blood cells and, therefore, do not have a toxic effect. In biophysical studies, it was shown that flavonoids have an impact on the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of membranes (both RBCMs and PC) causing an increase in packing order of lipid heads and a decrease in fluidity, respectively. Whereas, on the one hand, the magnitude of these changes depends on the type of the compound tested, on the other hand, it also depends on the type of membrane. 4′-Methylflavanone and 4′-methylflavone are located mainly in the hydrophilic part of lipid membranes, while 2′-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone has a greater impact on the hydrophobic area. A fluorescence quenching study proved that compounds (3), (4) and (5) bind with HSA in a process of static quenching. The binding process is spontaneous whereas hydrogen bonding interactions and van der Waals forces play a major role in the interaction between the compounds and HSA.
Detection and classification of unilateral cleft alveolus with and without cleft palate on panoramic radiographs using a deep learning system
Authors: Kuwada Chiaki , Ariji Yoshiko , Kise Yoshitaka , Funakoshi Takuma , Fukuda Motoki , Kuwada Tsutomu , Gotoh Kenichi , Ariji Eiichiro
Published: August 2021

Although panoramic radiography has a role in the examination of patients with cleft alveolus (CA), its appearances is sometimes difficult to interpret. The aims of this study were to develop a computer-aided diagnosis system for diagnosing the CA status on panoramic radiographs using a deep learning object detection technique with and without normal data in the learning process, to verify its performance in comparison to human observers, and to clarify some characteristic appearances probably related to the performance. The panoramic radiographs of 383 CA patients with cleft palate (CA with CP) or without cleft palate (CA only) and 210 patients without CA (normal) were used to create two models on the DetectNet. The models 1 and 2 were developed based on the data without and with normal subjects, respectively, to detect the CAs and classify them into with or without CP. The model 2 reduced the false positive rate (1/30) compared to the model 1 (12/30). The overall accuracy of Model 2 was higher than Model 1 and human observers. The model created in this study appeared to have the potential to detect and classify CAs on panoramic radiographs, and might be useful to assist the human observers.
Rice paddy soils are a quantitatively important carbon store according to a global synthesis
Authors: Liu Yalong , Ge Tida , van Groenigen Kees Jan , Yang Yuanhe , Wang Ping , Cheng Kun , Zhu Zhenke , Wang Jingkuan , Li Yong , Guggenberger Georg , Sardans Jordi , Penuelas Josep , Wu Jinshui , Kuzyakov Yakov
Published: August 2021

Rice paddies account for ~9% or the world’s cropland area and are characterized by environmental conditions promoting soil organic carbon storage, methane emissions and to a lesser extent nitrous oxide emissions. Here, we synthesize data from 612 sites across 51 countries to estimate global carbon stocks in paddy soils and determine the main factors affecting paddy soil carbon storage. Paddy soils (0–100 cm) contain 18 Pg carbon worldwide. Paddy soil carbon stocks decrease with increasing mean annual temperature and soil pH, whereas mean annual precipitation and clay content had minor impacts. Meta-analysis shows that paddy soil carbon stocks can be increased through several management practices. However, greenhouse gas mitigation through paddy soil carbon storage is generally outweighed by increases in methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Our results emphasize the key role of paddies in the global carbon cycle, and the importance of paddy management in minimizing anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.
Synergistically boosting the electrochemical performance of polypyrrole-coated activated carbon derived from carbon dots for a high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Wang Lanxin , Zeng Qingxin , Chen Qiuhong , Li Chang Ming , Chen Jiucun
Published: August 2021

PPy was tightly coated on the surface of AC-CDs using controlled polymerization via a fumigation method, and then used to prepare AC-CDs/PPy hybrid material; synergy between AC-CDs and PPy improves the performance of a related supercapacitor.
Application of chiral triazole-substituted iodoarenes in the enantioselective construction of spirooxazolines
Authors: Abazid Ayham H. , Nachtsheim Boris J.
Published: August 2021

A chiral iodane can oxidatively twist amide-substituted 2-naphthols into highly enantioenriched spirooxazolines.
A pendant droplet-based sensor for the detection of acetylcholinesterase and its inhibitors
Authors: Li Benyou , Guo Yongxian , Jiang Yifei , Lin Jin-Ming , Hu Qiongzheng , Yu Li
Published: August 2021

Schematic diagram of the pendant droplet-based sensor for the detection of AChE and its inhibitors.
Crucial impact of exchange between layers on temperature programmed desorption
Authors: Dickbreder Tobias , Bechstein Ralf , Kühnle Angelika
Published: August 2021

Kinetic modelling shows that layer exchange between the 1st and 2nd adsorbate layer on a surface alters the appearance of desorption spectra considerably. Especially, a rapid layer exchange causes a broader desorption peak and a flatter leading edge.
Bonding analysis of water clusters using quasi-atomic orbitals
Authors: Galvez Vallejo Jorge L. , Heredia Juan Duchimaza , Gordon Mark S.
Published: August 2021

The quasi-atomic orbital (QUAO) bonding analysis introduced by Ruedenberg et al. is used to develop an understanding of the hydrogen bonds in small water clusters, from the dimer to the hexamer (bag, boat, book, cyclic, prism and cage conformers).
A Dirac nodal surface semi-metallic carbon-based structure as a universal anode material for metal-ion batteries with high performance
Authors: Zhang Shouren , Liu Huili , Zhang Yadan , Wang Shuaiwei , Yang Baocheng
Published: August 2021

A universal 3D carbon-based material is proposed for use in metal-ion battery anodes. The new material not only has Dirac nodal surface features but it also shows a high capacity for Li/Na/K ions.
On the structure of Au11(SR)9 and Au13(SR)11 clusters
Authors: Cárdenas C. Emilio , Tlahuice-Flores A.
Published: August 2021

In this work is proposed the structure of a pair of thiolated gold clusters (Au11 and Au13). It is found one Au3 core for the Au11 cluster for the first time.
Ultra-high thermal conductivities of tetrahedral carbon allotropes with non-simple structures
Authors: Chen Qiang , Zhang Pei , Ouyang Tao , Zhang Xiaoliang , Qin Guangzhao
Published: August 2021

The ultra-high thermal transport properties of three carbon allotropes, despite a large number of atoms in the primitive cell.
Factors controlling the molecular modification of one-dimensional zeolites
Authors: Li Rui , Elliott William A. , Clark R. John , Sutjianto James G. , Rioux Robert M. , Palmer Jeremy C. , Rimer Jeffrey D.
Published: August 2021

These findings reveal small interaction energies between organic modifiers and zeolites, indicating thermodynamics of crystal growth modification are less significant.
Electrochemical Pourbaix diagrams of Mg–Zn alloys from first-principles calculations and experimental thermodynamic data
Authors: Dong Xinxin , Wei Bo , Legut Dominik , Zhang Haijun , Zhang Ruifeng
Published: August 2021

The first-principles informed Pourbaix diagrams of Mg–Zn alloys in pure water and in Cl-containing solutions were constructed and the corrosion behaviours of the alloys were discussed, and the effects of the second phases and Cl− were explored.
Molecular assemblies from linear-shaped Ln4 clusters to Ln8 clusters using different β-diketonates: disparate magnetocaloric effects and single-molecule magnet behaviours
Authors: Wang Wen-Min , Wu Zhi-Lei , Cui Jian-Zhong
Published: August 2021

A polydentate Schiff-base ligand H3L and two different β-diketonate, molecular assemblies of linear-shaped Ln4 and Ln8 clusters show disparate magnetocaloric effects and single-molecule magnet behaviors.
Ticks as novel sentinels to monitor environmental levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Authors: Aristizabal-Henao Juan J. , Brown Hannah J. , Griffin Emily K. , Ostfeld Richard S. , Oggenfuss Kelly , Parker Brandon M. , Wisely Samantha M. , Bowden John A.
Published: August 2021

To evaluate the use of ticks as informative sentinels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) environmental contamination because of their world-wide distribution, hematophagous nature, and ease of collection and sampling.
Practical DMSO-promoted selective hydrolysis–oxidation of lignocellulosic biomass to formic acid attributed to hydrogen bonds
Authors: Guo Yan-Jun , Li Shi-Jun , Sun Yuan-Li , Wang Lei , Zhang Wen-Min , Zhang Ping , Lan Yu , Li Yang
Published: August 2021

Formic acid (HCO2H) is widely used in various chemical processes, applied in fuel cells, and considered as a promising candidate for hydrogen storage.
CdS nanobelt-based self-powered flexible photodetectors with high photosensitivity
Authors: Nawaz Muhammad Zubair , Xu Liu , Zhou Xin , Shah Khizar Hussain , Wang Jiale , Wu Binhe , Wang Chunrui
Published: August 2021

Asymmetric contacts were used to assemble extremely photosensitive and self-powered photodetectors (SPDs) on rigid and polyimide (PI) substrates based on one-dimensional (1D)-CdS nanobelts.
Correction: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for bioanalysis and diagnosis
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Ali , Dina Nicoleta E. , Cheng Hanyun , Valev Ventsislav K. , Zhang Liwu
Published: August 2021

Correction for ‘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for bioanalysis and diagnosis’ by Muhammad Ali Tahir et al., Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 11593–11634, DOI: 10.1039/D1NR00708D.
Self-assemblies of anionic-unit-introduced anion-responsive π-electronic molecules
Authors: Maeda Hiromitsu , Haketa Yohei , Murata Tomoki , Ohta Eriko , Murata Tai , Yasuda Nobuhiro
Published: August 2021

Carboxylate-appended anion-responsive π-electronic molecules provided anion-binding self-assemblies, as anionic supramolecular polymers, resulting in ion-pairing assemblies.
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed synthesis of trisubstituted furans via vinylic C–H bond activation
Authors: Sherikar Mahadev Sharanappa , Bettadapur Kiran R. , Lanke Veeranjaneyulu , Prabhu Kandikere Ramaiah
Published: August 2021

A simple method for the synthesis of trisubstituted furans has been disclosed using an Rh(iii)-catalyst by Cvinyl–H bond activation, with silver salt Ag(i) is playing a dual role – a halide scavenger and a Lewis acid catalyst for promoting Paal–Knorr type cyclization.
Programmed exfoliation of hierarchical graphene nanosheets mediated by dynamic self-assembly of supramolecular polymers
Authors: Melaku Ashenafi Zeleke , Chuang Wei-Tsung , Shieh Yeong-Tarng , Chiu Chih-Wei , Lee Duu-Jong , Lai Juin-Yih , Cheng Chih-Chia
Published: August 2021

Programming hierarchical graphene nanosheets by two-step exfoliation of graphite combined with an adenine-functionalized telechelic polymer in o-dichlorobenzene can achieve highly stable graphene nanosheets with wide-range tunable layer thickness.
A graphene@framework polymer derived from addition polymerization of phthalocyanine/dicarboxaldehyde as a negative material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Tao Lihong , Zhao Jianjun , Chen Jun , Zhang He , Wang Luyi , Zhong Shengwen , Wang Hua , Chen Jianbing , Wu Lijue
Published: August 2021

A framework polymer (BDC-NiPc@GN) is synthesized which shows better stability in electrolyte with porous structure and large specific surface area, exposes more active points and provides more Li+ transmission channels and improved energy storage behaviors.
Cu-Catalyzed highly selective silylation and borylation of alkenylsulfonium salts
Authors: Xie Rong , Zhu Jie , Huang Yinhua
Published: August 2021

A Cu-catalyzed highly selective silylation and borylation of alkenylsulfonium salts under mild conditions is reported providing various alkenylsilanes and alkenylboranes.
An IoT and machine learning‐based routing protocol for reconfigurable engineering application
Authors: Natarajan Yuvaraj , Srihari Kannan , Dhiman Gaurav , Chandragandhi Selvaraj , Gheisari Mehdi , Liu Yang , Lee Cheng‐Chi , Singh Krishna Kant , Yadav Kusum , Alharbi Hadeel Fahad
Published: August 2021

With new telecommunications engineering applications, the cognitive radio (CR) network‐based internet of things (IoT) resolves the bandwidth problem and spectrum problem. However, the CR‐IoT routing method sometimes presents issues in terms of road finding, spectrum resource diversity and mobility. This study presents an upgradable cross‐layer routing protocol based on CR‐IoT to improve routing efficiency and optimize data transmission in a reconfigurable network. In this context, the system is developing a distributed controller which is designed with multiple activities, including load balancing, neighbourhood sensing and machine‐learning path construction. The proposed approach is based on network traffic and load and various other network metrics including energy efficiency, network capacity and interference, on an average of 2 bps/Hz/W. The trials are carried out with conventional models, demonstrating the residual energy and resource scalability and robustness of the reconfigurable CR‐IoT.
Two‐dimensional transmit arrays for polar over‐the‐horizon radar
Authors: Henault Simon , Riddolls Ryan J.
Published: August 2021

Two‐dimensional (2‐D) transmit arrays offer many advantages over traditional over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) arrays, including the capability to steer and mitigate auroral clutter, a clutter type prevalent in polar operation, in all azimuth and elevation directions. The approaches of previous studies on OTHR 2‐D transmit arrays are considered suboptimal, but it can be shown that the 2‐D array is an effective OTHR transmitter when operated in an appropriate manner. A reference system derived from publicly available information on an operational OTHR array is used as a benchmark to compare the performance of various 2‐D OTHR transmit systems with respect to effective isotropic radiated power on target, sidelobe levels, and elevation selectivity.
Discovery of benzyne, o-C6H4, in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey
Authors: Cernicharo J. , Agúndez M. , Kaiser R. I. , Cabezas C. , Tercero B. , Marcelino N. , Pardo J. R. , de Vicente P.
Published: August 2021

We report the detection, for the first time in space, of a new non-functionalised hydrocarbon cycle in the direction of TMC-1: o-C6H4 (ortho-benzyne). We derive a column density for this hydrocarbon cycle of (5.0 ± 1.0) × 1011 cm−2. The abundance of this species is around 30 times lower than that of cyclopentadiene and indene. We compare the abundance of benzyne with that of other pure hydrocarbons, cycles or chains, and find that it could be formed from neutral-radical reactions such as C2H + CH2CHCCH and C + C5H5, and possibly through C4H + C2H4, C3H + CH2CCH2, and C3H2 + C3H3. Hence, the rich content of hydrocarbon cycles observed in TMC-1 could arise through a bottom-up scenario involving reactions of a few radicals with the abundant hydrocarbons recently revealed by the QUIJOTE line survey.
Study on mixing interface of continuous large drop and U-shaped product pipeline
Authors: Feng Liang , Zhu Huafeng , Liu Junjiang , Liao Tianhao
Published: August 2021

In the long-distance pipeline of product oil, gasoline and diesel oil are transported in batches. Due to the large difference of physical properties between the two kinds of oil products, there will be oil mixing at each interface. Because the index parameters of mixed oil do not meet the sales standard, it is necessary to track the interface accurately, so as to provide necessary reference for cutting mixed oil. The topography of southwest mountainous area is characterized by continuous large drop and U-shape, which brings difficulties to batch tracking of product oil pipeline. The previous method is not suitable for this type of pipeline. Therefore, it is necessary to re study the batch tracking method of this type of product pipeline, and use vs2019 to write batch tracking software for continuous large drop and U-shaped product pipeline based on this method. The batch tracking error of the software for this type of pipeline is within the acceptable range, which can provide more accurate reference for the operation control personnel
Detection method based on improved faster R-CNN for pin defect in transmission lines
Authors: Wu Jun , Cheng Sheng , Pan Shangzhi , Xin Wei , Bai Liangjun , Fan Liang , Dong Xiaohu
Published: August 2021

Defects such as insulator, pins, and counterweight in highvoltage transmission lines affect the stability of the power system. The small targets such as pins in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection images of transmission lines occupy a small proportion in the images and the characteristic representations are poor which results a low defect detection rate and a high false positive rate. This paper proposed a transmission line pin defect detection algorithm based on improved Faster R-CNN. First, the pre-training weights with higher matching degree are obtained based on transfer learning. And it is applied to construct defect detection model. Then, the regional proposal network is used to extract features in the model. The results of defect detection are obtained by regression calculation and classification of regional characteristics. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the pin defect detection of the transmission line reaches 81.25%
Research on the electricity-gas coupling system with P2G to absorb surplus hydropower
Authors: Wang Wei , Cheng Chao , Liu Xuna , Liu Jieying , Long Chuan , Chen Wenye
Published: August 2021

With the rapid development of social economy, energy shortage and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious, and clean energy power generation has become one of the measures to implement the sustainable development strategy. A large number of small and medium-sized hydropower stations in Southwest China have a large amount of surplus water due to light load and channel blockage. In response to this problem, a method of coupling the natural gas system and the power system using P2G and gas turbines is proposed to improve the absorption capacity of hydropower and reduce the amount of surplus water. In this article, a day-ahead economic dispatch model of electricity-gas coupling system(EGCS) is established with the goal of the lowest operating cost of the whole system, considering the output characteristics of run-off hydropower stations, natural gas system operation constraints, power system AC power flow and other constraints, and solve the model using the interior point method. The analysis of the calculation example shows that compared with the independent system, the EGCS can effectively reduce the amount of surplus water, improve the utilization rate of clean energy, and reduce the operating cost of the system. The rationality and effectiveness of the model are verified.
Analysis and improvement of the “red/blue spot” of TFT-LCD
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Xu , Wang Jianming , Yan Huasheng , Cheng Zaijun
Published: August 2021

“Red/blue spot” is a common undesirable phenomenon in small and medium-sized TFT-LCD products, which directly affects the display quality of the product. It has always been a difficult problem in the display industry, which greatly reduces the market competitiveness of corresponding products. In this work, pressure tests are carried out on liquid crystal panels with different sizes and resolutions. The effects of different factors such as the flatness of the photo space, the distribution density of the spacers, and the glass thickness on the “red/blue spot” are compared. By increasing the flatness of the PS station, the septum distribution density, and the thickness of the glass, the sample’s anti-extrusion ability can be increased by 46.1%, 30%, and 23.1%, respectively. The experimental results can provide the basis for industry to further improve quality of products.
Multidimensional forecasting of electricity sales in Hunan Province based on decomposition-integration ideas
Authors: Wen Ming , Zhong Yuan , Liao Jing , Li Wenying , Zhou Hong , Xu Chufan
Published: August 2021

As the focus of power companies such as State Grid Corporation of China, electricity sales forecasting is closely related to the development of enterprises and the country. The importance of accurate electricity sales forecasting in the context of electricity reform has become more and more prominent. The article takes electricity sales in Hunan Province as the research object, and constructs a more complete monthly electricity sales forecasting system based on the decomposition-integration idea, correlating electricity sales impact factors, and combining quantitative and qualitative analyses by categories. The prediction results show that the electricity sales forecasting model proposed in this paper has a high prediction accuracy under the existing data capacity level.
A review of motivations, methods, and achievements on microgravity combustion research
Authors: Ye Shihong , Hao Miaomiao , Guo Haoran , Lu Lin , Xu Huanhuan , Ren Xiaohan
Published: August 2021

Microgravity combustion has always been one of the key and frontier research fields in the international combustion community. Why has microgravity combustion attracted so much attention? First of all, fire safety and combustion reliability are imminent to spacecraft. Secondly, the convection effect is weakened in the microgravity environment, and the basic combustion phenomena are more prominent, which is greatly helpful to study the fundamental laws of combustion and develop reliable combustion models for fuels. This article systematically summarized and analyzed the research focuses, namely fire safety of spacecraft, droplet combustion, soot formation and flame structures, and current research status in the field of microgravity combustion during the past decades of years. In this paper, motivations, methods, and achievements of fire safety in spacecraft and fundamental combustion characteristics in microgravity were analyzed, which provide a comprehensive review for the microgravity combustion research. Suggestions for the development direction of microgravity combustion science were also made. Improving the application of efficient and clean combustion and optimizing fire safety strategies of new generation spacecraft materials should still be regarded as two critical targets in the future.
Research on BIM information evaluation of dynamic sustainable green construction of urban deep foundation pit
Authors: Tang Hong , Xiao Dan , Huang Yu , Chen Jiaqi , Qian Mingwei
Published: August 2021

The existing green construction evaluation lacks dynamic nature. Based on the characteristics of urban deep foundation pit construction, PDCA cycle theory gives the dynamic evaluation index weight based on OWA operator, and establishes a dynamic evaluation model. BIM information technology is used to build a platform and Wuhan Yangtze River Shipping Center proves the scientific nature of dynamic evaluation.
Dynamic study on evolution mechanism of continuous innovation in prefabricated building enterprises
Authors: Ji Yingdong , Yang Yue , Ma Wenting
Published: August 2021

As a new type of green building, prefabricated building is of great significance to sustainable development. In order to promote the innovation of prefabricated construction enterprises more smoothly, this paper obtains the data of 30 enterprises by issuing questionnaires and collecting public annual reports, and then uses the system dynamics model to simulate. The conclusions are as follows: technological innovation leads the development of enterprises. Market innovation and management innovation act on the growth period, organizational innovation act on the maturity period, and finally enters the period of continuous innovation to carry out collaborative innovation. Government support can effectively promote the development of prefabricated buildings. This study present suggestions for the innovation development of prefabricated construction enterprises, and provides reference for the sustainable development of national ecology and construction industry enterprise innovation.
Differentiation of resource regions of Russia in terms of balanced environmental management
Authors: Semyachkov Alexander , Gao Rong
Published: August 2021

In conditions of natural resource constraints and technogenic destruction of the natural environment, there is a need to improve the mechanisms for managing the natural resource potential in the regions while maintaining a balance between the consumption of natural resources and the preservation of the quality of the environment. The article examines the differentiation of three natural resource regions of the Russian Federation - the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts - according to the state of the balance of nature management from 1990 to 2018. The subjects of the federation in the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts have been identified, with positive and negative use of natural resources for certain types of natural resources: atmospheric, water, forest, land and fuel and energy. The degree of variability in the management of natural resources in these federal districts has been determined. In general, according to the given resources, there is a predominance of "satisfactory" and "positive" nature management in the districts, although according to some indicators there is a "negative" nature management with a clear predominance of the use of resources over their restoration, which predetermines the adoption of cardinal management measures to correct the situation.
Interregional differentiation of investment attractiveness in Russia: new evaluation tool
Authors: Grishina Irina , Myakshin Vladimir
Published: August 2021

The insufficient validity of the positioning of regions in different Russian investment ratings, in particular, the observed convergence of regional assessments, is due to a number of methodological problems. The purpose of the study is to develop a tool to determine the impact of various components of investment attractiveness on the growth of investment activity in the regions and to ensure a balance of interests of the actors of the investment process (regional government bodies, private investors, the population). We developed an original system of indicators for comprehensive assessment of the investment attractiveness of regions including productional, financial, socio-economic, natural, innovative, infrastructure, and personnel components and proposed the balanced assessment method. Based on the matrix of integral indicators we show significant interregional differentiation of investment attractiveness for the North-Western Federal District and determine the key factors of investment attractiveness formation for those regions, including natural resources - for 5 regions, innovations, infrastructure and personnel for 3, production-financial factors for 2, and socio – economic factors for 1 region. The developed methodology allows to justify the priority directions of increasing investment attractiveness aimed at activating investment processes in Russia’s regions.
Regional gap in human capital: determinants of education and urbanization
Authors: Guliyeva Aida , Averina Liliya , Grebennikov Oleg , Shpakov Alexander
Published: August 2021

This paper studies the regional gap in human capital. Specifically, it focuses on the important determinants of this capital represented by such key factors as education and urbanization. We stress the importance of human capital for the economic growth and show how it can be important for the effective development of both urban and rural areas. This study examines the regional distribution and dynamics of human capital. Human capital is credited with a crucial role in the creation of economic growth. Additionally, we investigate how the exposure to the urban or rural environment affects the educational success of people worldwide. In addition, our paper studies the effects of migration on urbanization and education. Our results show that institutional factors can be a good proxy for explaining the relationship between human capital development and urbanization. Furthermore, it can be concluded that return to education is higher in urban areas compared to rural areas, and higher in highly educated cities compared to smaller towns. All of these creates some important implications for urbanization and education that can be used by the policy-makers and urban and rural planners for narrowing the regional gap in human capital and increasing the overall well-being and economic growth.
Regional employment quality in the context of Russia's technological development
Authors: Kozlova Olga , Makarova Mariya , Voronina Lubov
Published: August 2021

The socio-economic inequality of the Russian regions poses a significant threat both to the successful social and technological development of the country. Since employment is one of the crucial highlighters of such inequality, the paper is devoted to assessing regional inequality in terms of employment quality in the context of technological changes. The article presents a system of social and economic indicators to determine the place of each region in the interregional employment inequality. The novelty of the study includes the methodological approaches and methods to estimate regional employment inequality and its components. The authors reveal the employment quality and its main components keeping relatable with the technological development. Based on these points, we developed employment quality coefficient and carried out a typology of Russian regions in terms of the employment quality. The study uses data from the Rosstat on working conditions and economic activity of the population for 2005-2019. The results expand the scientific ideas about the interdependence of employment and technological development. In addition, the research results should be considered when developing the state technical policy, differentiating the employment policy and socio-economic development of the regions.
Relationship between globalization and internationalization of higher education
Authors: Strielkowski Wadim , Grebennikova Veronica , Razinkina Elena , Rudenko Ekaterina
Published: August 2021

Our paper examines the relationship and differences between internationalization and globalization in contemporary development of higher education. Internationalization and globalisation are perceived as central realities of the influence of the 21stcentury on higher education. Moreover, internationalisation and globalisation work together to transform the self-image and organisational activities of research universities and adult education centres. Some even go as far as to claim that the globalization process has produced a new grand model of global universities. We argue that globalization and internationalization of higher education help to bring talents, increase the balanced economic and scientific potential of a given country and shape up the human capital leading to the sustainable economic growth. However, the recent situation with the COVID-19 pandemic puts all these favourable outcomes under threat. More than 1.1 million international students were enrolled in United States colleges in the 2019-2020 school year. After decades of steady growth, that means a decline of nearly 20 000 international students per year. Our study examines against this background the differences between internationalization and globalization in the contemporary development of higher education. We discus the current and future developments of the globalization and internationalization of higher education and make predictions on their impacts on the universities in the United States and other countries.
Designing innovative open spaces for learning
Authors: Zielińska Anetta , Romanova Evgenya , Tolstikova Svetlana , Reshetina Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Today, innovative learning spaces represent much more than just removable furniture and open spaces for workers. The digital revolution in business and education fostered by the rapid development of Internet-based tools and solutions and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) brought about profound changes to this sector. The aim of this research is to carry out large-scale, cross-site studies to measure the current impact of ICT on working practices. Our research develops and presents the new models of learning in open spaces as well as tests how ICT can be used to support innovation and work practices. In this paper, we also single our and describe the necessary prerequisites and skills that are associated with the specific ICT functionalities that are presently needed for the entire open innovation process. Our results can be of a special use for educators, innovators, entrepreneurs as well as relevant stakeholders operating in business or education (or, perhaps, both). This research outlines the most useful recommendations and described the patterns for innovations in learning in novel open spaces.
Regional concentration of higher education
Authors: Čajka Peter , Rybakova Anna , Alieva Liudmila , Shcheglova Aleksandra
Published: August 2021

This research article focuses on the regional concentration of higher education. The purpose of the research is to examine the effects of this concentration and to devise some possible outcomes and implications for the regional economic growth and development. We discuss the endogeneity of higher education and evaluate the differences such as the official demographic projections or the growth-related factors, including student numbers predicted by official statisticians. Our article contributes to ongoing research on the role of higher education in promoting regional economic development and emerging inequalities in the regions around the world. In addition, it focuses on the existence of the multiple channels of activity through which tertiary education institutions (TEIs) benefit their regional economies. In addition, the paper tackles the issue of regional concentration of TEIs within and across regions and clearly demonstrates how the geography of higher education has evolved and developed in the recent years.
Diversification versus concentration analysis in specific economic activities for assessing spatial differentiation within local markets
Authors: Săvoiu Gheorghe , Vilgelm Alexander
Published: August 2021

Diversification and concentration represent essential two opposite trends in many economic phenomena. Monopoly and monopsony are the natural limits in any market's analysis and describe together the range or the amplitude of offer and demand in economics. A lot of statistical indicators or coefficients, quantifying the diversification versus concentration phenomenon (D vs. C), can reveal a market, optimal or not, full or empty, etc. The paper sheds the light on the relatively little explored concept of economic evolution from concentration to diversification across local markets, providing novel evidence on underlining the dominance of diversification process within regions. This paper has applied statistical structure variable-based methods for assessing spatial differentiation degree within housing construction economic activity in macroregion Siberia for the sample period from 2000:Q1 to 2020:Q4. We present empirical elasticities using the multivariate OLS model that summarize the diversification economic response to the increasing processes of urbanization and localization across the Siberian regions. Some final remarks offer a distinct profile of this Russian macroregion under the influence of demographical variability.
Inequality of digital access between Russian regions
Authors: Buchinskaia Olga , Stremousova Elena
Published: August 2021

With the development of digital technologies, an increasing number of economic relations are carried out via the Internet. The absence of Internet access may increase inequality within the regions and between them. This study aimed to measure the divide in the use of Internet technologies by organizations and households. This divide is the basis of digital inequality in the regions of the Russian Federation. As a method to achieve this goal, the authors propose using the index of rating assessment of digital access. This index was calculated for the private sector and households only to illustrate the arrearage of households in access to the Internet. During the analysis, the authors identified regions with high potential for the development of digitalization, as well as lagging regions, and analyzed sources of this lagging for the regions with low access to the Internet. The results of this study can be used as a method for the express analysis of the Internet development in the regions, determining the degree of interregional inequality in accessing digital services and improving the National Program of Digital Economy for Russia.
Development of a smart city information system
Authors: Streimikis Justas , Kortenko Liudmila , Panova Marina , Voronov Mikhail
Published: August 2021

This paper is centred around the development of a smart city information system. Smart cities use the framework of information and communications technologies to create, deploy and promote practices that address urban challenges and create, connect and enable sustainable infrastructure. This definition focuses on network deployment, transport, ICT investment, human and social capital to support sustainable community goals and quality of life by involving users of certain technologies and community-based applications in social participation. In this paper, we show that a multi-disciplinary approach is needed to address these issues, combining expertise from distributed systems, software and services engineering, network and data management and processing, crowdsourcing, sensor and update methods, social computing, as well as the collective intelligence.
Urban infrastructure via Big Data
Authors: Strielkowski Wadim , Faminskaya Marina , Potekhina Elena
Published: August 2021

Our paper focuses on factors that help to successfully and efficiently manage urban infrastructure in large cities and centres using Big Data solutions. We explain the key points about urban Big Data approaches, including infrastructure that supports urban governance, public services and economic and industrial development, taking into account and supporting the central role of urban Big Data in urban intelligence with particular emphasis on the smart cities. Moreover, we want to add a third dimension to social urban data analysis by assessing the use of social, spatial, and temporal data for key issues to understand how it can influence human behaviour across time and space. Our results might have important implications for urban planners and policy-makers and contribute to the mitigating the regional inequalities as well as to improving urban infrastructure and making the cities of the future happier and healthier places for all their citizens.
An integrated platform for managing information in smart cities
Authors: Streimikis Justas , Kislitsyn Evgeniy , Surnina Nadezhda , Gorodnichev Viktor
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on defining the integrated platform for managing information in smart cities. We look into the smart city platforms that are increasingly used in today’s cities all around the world. Smart city platforms can be deployed on private, public or hybrid clouds, remote servers or onsite. By definition, a smart city platform integrates many different functional areas of the smart city in a single environment. The Smart city platform offers integrated functionality to coordinate intelligent city data, applications, solutions and services at one or more operational levels between multiple stakeholders with integrated functionality. By monitoring and analysing the use of urban assets, the government can distribute them to improve operational efficiency. The platform provides middleware and operational functionality across multiple software and hardware, integrates multiple communication protocols, and provides latent and free solutions for smart cities. Managing the huge amounts of data generated by IoT-based sensors and systems is a main challenge facing end users and providers. We show that smart city platforms serve to standardize data and information across many silo systems. It is demonstrated that they provide a common mechanism for visualizing and managing data to optimize the entire urban operation.
Smart governance of urban data
Authors: Wang Jing , Nguyen Dang Que , Bonkalo Tatiana , Grebennikov Oleg
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on the smart governance of urban data. Recently, the idea of an intelligent city has gained increased attention among technologists, urban scientists, stakeholders, companies and policy makers in the last decades. The new paradigm of the cities in the 21st century and what it entails is seen by everyone, including the authors of this article, as a viable response to the unprecedented rate of urbanization most nations are experiencing. Advanced smart cities are beginning to go beyond infrastructure and to use big data. The whole idea behind smart cities is to harness intelligent technologies and data-driven contextual governance models to mitigate and prevent the challenges that arise when an estimated 2 billion people move to urban areas. This is why collecting and analysing urban data becomes a key priority in this field. The development of Big Data analysis using the Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes the domain of urban governments and stakeholders. This research contemplates over these issues and provides many examples from around smart cities around the world that can be used as reference points or inspiration for the policy-makers engaged in the smart city governance and urban planning.