bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A economia moral do turismo
Authors: MacCannell Dean
Published: June 2020

Neste artigo, sugiro que a indústria do turismo mundial está mobilizada em torno de um

núcleo, a atração turística, que está afastada e protegida do intercâmbio económico. Se o turismo

é, de facto, a maior indústria do mundo, é por causa e não a despeito da separação da sua

principal estrutura motivacional e moral do mercado. Aqui exploro as implicações do facto de

que o sistema global de atrações turísticas é uma enorme coleção de “bens gratuitos” democráticos,

abertos e disponíveis para todos verem. A indústria do turismo depende desta oferta interminável

de atrações de livre acesso, mantidas por governos, ONG e/ou simplesmente existentes

na sociedade e na natureza. A indústria do turismo mundial só pode prosperar se a sua estrutura

moral e motivacional permanecer isolada das transações do mercado. O Taj Mahal, a Torre Eiffel,

o Partenon, o Grand Canyon, a Estátua da Liberdade, as Montanhas Karakorum, etc., não estão

à venda. Mais de mil milhões de turistas gastam 1,5 biliões de dólares por ano para viajar internacionalmente

e ver coisas que não podem comprar ou ter no sentido material; que ninguém,

por mais rico que seja, pode comprar; que muitas vezes nem conseguem tocar. A enormidade

do turismo hoje é possível apenas porque as forças causais que estão no coração da economia

do turismo são inteiramente imaginárias e simbólicas. Na sua essência, a economia turística é

menos económica do que fenomenológica. E o principal impulso do turismo, a sua motivação

mais profunda, não é materialista, mas democrática. O overtourism (excesso de turismo) resulta

da própria indústria que explora agressivamente o facto de que não implica matérias-primas, não

necessita de desenvolver cadeias de fornecimento, não precisa de fábricas e não se envolve em

qualquer conceção, fabrico, montagem ou distribuição. O consumidor trabalha de graça, na realidade,

paga para fazer o trabalho do turismo e torna-se o produto. Estas eficiências neoliberais

levam ao overtourism. O overtourism pode ser facilmente controlado ao nível local.
Nota introdutória: artes públicas para a comunicação turística?
Authors: Andrade Pedro , Caeiro Mário
Published: June 2020

A arte pública, para além da intenção manifestada na sua produção e escrita por

parte dos seus artistas, ou para lá do seu consumo e leitura pelos respetivos públicos,

compreende-se igualmente nos processos de mediação entre a sua criação e fruição.

Uma tal intermediação é operada por vários contextos comunicativos, como um museu

ou um evento numa rua ou praça urbanas. Com efeito, a arte pública é comunicada no

seio de múltiplas esferas do espaço público urbano. Ou seja, estende-se e entende-se,

funda-se e funde-se em outros processos sociais, de diversas maneiras segundo o tipo

de ambiente social onde a arte pública ocorre. Por exemplo, uma obra de arte pública

pode articular ou miscigenar dimensões socioeconómicas, políticas e culturais...
Um autor de arte pública urbana: Luis Baldini
Authors: Andrade Pedro
Published: June 2020

Entrevista a Luis Baldini, um autor de arte pública urbana
Pengaruh model pembelajaran dan sikap sosial terhadap hasil belajar Sejarah SMA Negeri 24 Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Wasiso Andrian Jati , Winarsih Sarkadi Murni
Published: June 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran dan sikap sosial terhadap hasil belajar sejarah di SMA Negeri 24 Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen desain treatmen by level 2x2. Populasi terdiri dari seluruh siswa kelas XI IIS. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas XI IIS 1 dan XI IIS 4. Dengan jumlah 60 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk hasil belajar adalah tes pilihan ganda dan yang digunakan untuk sikap sosial adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS lebih tinggi dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional (2) terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan sikap sosial siswa (3) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS dan memiliki sikap sosial tinggi lebih tinggi dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional dan memiliki sikap sosial tinggi (4) hasil belajar sejarah siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran TSTS dan memiliki sikap sosial rendah lebih rendah dari siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional dan memiliki sikap sosial rendah.Kata Kunci : hasil belajar sejarah, model pembelajaran, sikap sosial
Pengembangan media tes berbasis online pada Mata Pelajaran Fisika untuk sekolah menengah atas
Authors: Prisuna Bayu Fitra
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelaksanaan media tes berbasis online yang telah dikembangkan dengan model pengembangan 4-D serta mengetahui kualitas tes berbasis online yang telah dikembangkan dengan pengembangan instrumen menggunakan analisis iteman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan. Sampel uji coba terbatas adalah peserta didik di Sekolah Madania Makassar sebanyak 10 orang dan peserta didik kelas XI IPA 5 di SMAN 4 Makassar sebanyak 35 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon peserta didik dan guru terhadap pelaksanaan media tes berbasis online berada di kategori baik dan sangat baik sedangkan respon guru terhadap pelaksanaan media tes berbasis online berada di kategori sangat baik. Instrumen tes berbasis online yang dianalisis dengan iteman menghasilkan 20 butir soal yang dinyatakan valid dari 38 butir soal.
Features of the state of a woman’s reproductive function after previously undergoing organ-preserving surgical hemostasis
Authors: Kantsurova M. R. , Rymashevsky A. N. , Sapronov R. S.
Published: June 2020

Today one of the main state tasks in the Russian Federation is to save people, which cannot be implemented without increasing the birth rate. Despite the fact that maternal mortality tends to decrease, bleeding remains one of the leading causes of death of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, so the fight against bleeding is one of the fundamental tasks in obstetric practice. The existing standards of step-by-step medical care for obstetric bleeding are successfully applied in practical health care, but the state of a woman’s reproductive function after the use of surgical hemostasis has not been sufficiently studied. This article presents an overview of a clinical case of reproductive function preservation in a 38-year-old woman after undergoing surgical hemostasis due to obstetric bleeding in the anamnesis.
Virtual Reality Cognitive Therapy in Inpatient Psychiatric Wards: Protocol for a Qualitative Investigation of Staff and Patient Views Across Multiple National Health Service Sites
Authors: Brown Poppy , Waite Felicity , Lambe Sinéad , Rosebrock Laina , Freeman Daniel
Published: June 2020

Background

Patients in psychiatric wards typically have very limited access to individual psychological therapy. Inpatients often have significant time available, and an important transition back to everyday life to prepare for—but historically, there have been few trained therapists available on wards for the delivery of evidence-based therapy. Automated virtual reality (VR) therapy may be one route to increase the provision of powerful psychological treatments in psychiatric hospitals. The gameChange automated VR cognitive therapy is targeted at helping patients overcome anxious avoidance and re-engage in everyday situations (such as walking down the street, taking a bus, or going to a shop). This treatment target may fit well for many patients preparing for discharge. However, little is known about how VR therapy may be viewed in this setting.

Objective

The objectives of the study are to explore psychiatric hospital staff and patients’ initial expectations of VR therapy, to gather patient and staff views of an automated VR cognitive therapy (gameChange) after briefly experiencing it, and to identify potential differences across National Health Service (NHS) mental health trusts for implementation. Guided by an implementation framework, the knowledge gained from this study will be used to assess the feasibility of VR treatment adoption into psychiatric hospitals.

Methods

Focus groups will be conducted with NHS staff and patients in acute psychiatric wards at 5 NHS mental health trusts across England. Staff and patients will be interviewed in separate groups. Individual interviews will also be conducted when preferred by a participant. Within each of the 5 trusts, 1 to 2 wards will be visited. A total of 8-15 staff and patients per ward will be recruited, with a minimum total of 50 staff and patients recruited across all sites. Focus group questions have been derived from the nonadoption, abandonment, and challenges to the scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework. Focus groups will discuss expectations of VR therapy before participants are given the opportunity to briefly try the gameChange VR therapy. Questions will then focus on opinions about the therapy and investigate feasibility of adoption, with particular consideration given to site specific issues. A thematic analysis will be conducted.

Results

As of May 15, 2020, 1 patient focus group has been conducted.

Conclusions

The study will provide unique insight from patients and staff into the potential for implementing automated VR therapy in psychiatric wards. Perspectives will be captured both on the use of immersive technology hardware and therapy-specific issues in such settings.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/20300
Kinetic Evaluation of the Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase for use as a biosensor
Authors: Bhuvanagayathri R. , Daniel David K , Nirmala Gnanasundaram
Published: June 2020

The release of pesticides into the environment has increased, and there is a lack of monitoring of these contaminants. Since the conventional methods of monitoring these contaminants are complicated, costly and time-consuming, mechanisms based on acetylcholinesterase inhibition have emerged as simple and rapid tools for such applications. However, theacetylcholinesterase’s effectiveness as a sensing element in such biosensor systems depend­s on the conditions selected to measure acetylcholinesterase activity and the concentration of substrate or inhibitor, which in turn affect the reaction rates. Therefore, in the present work, the factors affecting the acetylcholinesterase activity were investigated and inhibition experiments were carried out to evaluate the kinetic parameters. The inhibition rate constant for acetylcholinesterase Ki was found to be 1.9 ppm. The kinetic parameter Km was found to be 3.8mM and Vmax was found to be 1.3µM/min from the Eadie-Hofstee plot. The kinetic study using Lineweaver-Burk method showed mixed type of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase with carbofuran.
ANALIZA ZAŠTITE OD DISKRIMINACIJE U KONTEKSTU LJUDSKIH PRAVA
Authors: Budak Ana
Published: June 2020

Efikasna zaštita od diskriminacije je od izuzetnog značaja za uspostavljanje koherentnog i održivog sistema ljudskih prava. Donošenje Protokola 12 uz Evropsku konvenciju o ljudskim pravima je od izuzetnog značaja s obzirom da je uveo opštu zabranu diskriminacije. Nažalost, nakon skoro dve decenije od njegovog donošenja, diskriminacija i dalje predstavlja problem međunarodne zajednice. U radu su analizirani efekti opšte zabrane diskriminacije danas, sa posebnim fokusom na neke marginalizovane grupe. Problem je analiziran primenom konceptualne analize prava, analize sadržaja i sinteze. Rad ima za cilj da ukaže na činjenicu da su partikularističke tendencije, s obzirom da je zabrana diskriminacije danas opšteg karaktera, izlišne. Oportunije je, stoga, raditi na iznalaženju instrumenata za sveopšte promovisanje principa jednkosti među ljudima, ukazivanje na značaj tolerancije i, uopšte, prihvatanje različitosti.
ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ЦЕНТРА ВАКУУМНОГО МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ
Authors: Капустин Е.Н.
Published: June 2020

Статья посвящена инновационному этапу развития АО «Вакууммаш», являющегося ведущим предприятием по разработке и выпуску вакуумной техники. Приведены основные направления разработок новой продукции.

The article is devoted to the innovative stage of development of “Vacuummash” JSC, which is the leading enterprise for development and production of vacuum equipment. The main directions of development of new products are given.
La lúdica y el diseño, un escenario económico emergente en el contexto nacional y regional
Authors: Franco Cañón Omar
Published: June 2020

Históricamente las dinámicas propias de la lúdica fueron asociadas con los escenarios exclusivamente pedagógicos y didácticos. Actualmente la lúdica y sus mecánicas han logrado un espacio de consideraciones desde el diseño, el cual le ha permitido convertirse en un factor diferencial y alternativa en el desarrollo de productos, bienes y servicios en el escenario nacional y regional. El propósito de este artículo es evidenciar esos emergentes espacios de la lúdica como recurso del diseño en el ámbito económico, describiendo su importancia y la posibilidad que ofrece en aspectos como la innovación y la experiencia de usuario. Desde esta perspectiva, la concepción de un diseño con enfoque lúdico como plataforma metodológica se convierte en un campo amplio trazado por elementos transdisciplinares que sugieren la presencia activa de distintas perspectivas de investigación y métodos de acción. A partir de diferentes casos que resultan paradójicos e informes oficiales de entidades nacionales y regionales; se evidencia la emergencia de economías que consolidan sus actividades a partir de mecánicas lúdicas generadas desde el diseño. En suma, el presente artículo señala la incidencia actual de estas nuevas dinámicas comerciales apoyadas en las dinámicas de la lúdica y que tienen como propósito convertirse en alternativas en la diversificación de mercados y que inciden positivamente en el desarrollo del país y la región.
Bienestar económico: una aproximación analítica y crítica
Authors: Riascos Hermoza Julio César , Acosta Pantoja Luisa Fernanda , Erazo Andrade Iván Fredy
Published: June 2020

El propósito central del presente artículo radica en efectuar una consideración analítica sobre las tesis asociadas a la teoría del bienestar desarrolladas por autores como Bentham (1786), Edgewoth (1881), Arrow (1974), Sen (2000), Max-Neef (2011) y Deaton (2015). Por medio de una revisión documental basada en obras y artículos científicos originales, se examinó el concepto de bienestar e importancia en la teoría económica. El documento aborda de una parte, el enfoque ortodoxo fundamentado en el utilitarismo, precisando la elección individual de bienes y servicios como instrumento que posibilita la satisfacción de necesidades y, por ende la maximización de su situación de bienestar; de otro lado, se analiza la teoría de las funciones y capacidades o, también denominada de libertades fundamentales, que exalta la heterogeneidad del ser humano y sus condiciones de vida objetivamente. La principal conclusión de este documento estriba en que el concepto de bienestar está basado en dos posturas claramente diferenciadas, una primera que sugiere que el concepto puede ser modelado en una función de utilidad, y un segundo enfoque que promueve que se trata de un término complejo pues está compuesto de expresiones multidimensionales de desarrollo.
Empresas familiares: definiciones, características y contribuciones
Authors: Muñoz Muñoz Diego Fernando , Matabanchoy Tulcán Sonia Maritza , Guevara Canchala Nayive Tatiana
Published: June 2020

La empresa familiar se puede entender como una organización compleja, atravesada por un vínculo familiar que direcciona la política empresarial, sus objetivos y metas. En ella la propiedad, su gestión y su posterior sucesión son áreas que, clásicamente, evidencian los problemas que más comúnmente se han estudiado, y los cuales determinan la continuidad de la organización más allá de la segunda generación. Objetivo: identificar estudios realizados sobre empresas familiares desde diferentes disciplinas en el periodo de 2007 a 2019. Método: Se realizó bajo la metodología de revisión sistemática, mediante la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo e IDEA. Resultados: las áreas académicas comerciales, financieras y de mercadeo lideran la investigación relacionada a las empresas familiares. Se visualiza que la sucesión, las relaciones entre los propietarios y la relevancia de las empresas familiares en la economía en general han sido los temas más abordados, mostrándose como una oportunidad de mejora y de aporte por parte de las disciplinas interesadas en las empresas familiares. Por otro lado, la posibilidad de generar modelos de análisis de los procesos de GTH en las EF se articula como una oportunidad para responder a las necesidades específicas de este tipo de empresas.
La consultoría y asesoría: aliada estratégica para el fortalecimiento empresarial de las MIPYMES en Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Contreras Diana Esther , Jiménez Lyons Karina Andrea
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo por revisión documental, tuvo como propósito central determinar la necesidad de la asesoría y consultoría administrativa y tecnológicaen las Mipymes, como aliada estratégica para el fortalecimiento empresarial, tomando como base casos del sector empresarial para identificar problemáticassubyacentes y aspectos a resaltar a partir de una metodología basada en la revisión de investigaciones y posturas teóricas. Es así como, se abordan los elementos teóricos y conceptuales de la consultoría y asesoría administrativa y tecnológica, la necesidad de la consultoría y asesoría en las empresas, la consultoría y asesoría como herramienta de gestión de las Mipymes, competencias profesionales del consultor o asesor y la consultoría como aliada estratégica en el fortalecimiento empresarial en las Mipymes. Como resultados relevantes, se tiene que los servicios de consultoría y asesoría son necesarios para entender los cambios y desafíos del mercado y las dinámicas macroeconómicas; permitiendo ser sostenibles en el tiempo, independiente de su tamaño o actividad. De allí, que sean conscientes y acudan a la utilización de expertos en consultoría y asesoría, toda vez que, encuentran argumentos suficientes para visionar nuevos horizontes, fortalecer su rentabilidad e implementar innovación y creatividad.
Test Anxiety in Potential First-Generation Students: A Longitudinal Examination of the Role of Psychological Needs
Authors: Spadafora Natalie , Murphy Emily L. , Molnar Danielle S. , Zinga Dawn
Published: June 2020

It is estimated that 15-22% of students have high levels of test anxiety (von der Embse, Jester, Roy, & Post, 2018), which can be associated with greater academic stress and poorer educational performance (e.g., Steinmayr, Crede, McElvany, & Withwein, 2016). First-generation students (where neither parent has completed post-secondary education) are a critical group to study given that they are at higher risk for poorer educational attainment and being unsuccessful at the post-secondary level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the link between basic psychological needs and test anxiety in a sample of first-generation Ontario high school students across two points in time (N = 147;  Mage = 14.82, SD = 1.28). Self-report data was collected as a part of an on-going longitudinal study focusing on students attending a high school with specialized programming to enhance the transition to post-secondary institutions. Results from cross-lagged path analyses indicated that being older, female, and having higher levels of needs frustration significantly predicted higher levels of test anxiety over time within this sample. Our results highlight important educational implications, emphasizing the importance of fostering classroom environments where students perceive their psychological needs to be met, particularly within this unique population of students.
Aceh, Qanun and National Law: Study on Legal Development Orientation
Authors: Nurdin Ridwan , Ridwansyah Muhammad
Published: June 2020

This study wants to examine the suitability of Aceh Qanun with National Law related to the Hierakicity of laws and regulations in Indonesia. In theory it is possible that the Aceh Government can build its own hierarchies that are not the same as the Central Government. This relates to the authority of the Aceh Qanun which is not the same as the Regional Regulation but the hierarchy that is built but meets the basic norms of the Indonesian constitution. There are two focuses which are the focus of this research. First, what is the character of the Aceh Qanun as a legal umbrella in the implementation of post-autonomy Aceh and post-peaceful Aceh? Second, What Is the Future of Law in Aceh? The results of the first research, the character of the Aceh Qanun as a legal umbrella in the implementation of post-autonomy Aceh and post-peaceful Aceh is expected to be able to build Aceh better because of the presence of Law Number 18 Year 2001 and Law Number 11 Year 2006 regarding new hopes for the people of Aceh itself specifically in the field of Islamic sharia. Second, the future of law in Aceh in the discussion of legal development, is greatly developing from creating new norms in Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayah Law, because regulating jinayah law in Aceh does not have to draw the Criminal Code or the Criminal Procedure Code.
The Act Protection for Islamic Banks in Financing Land and Rubber Plantation Ownership
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra , Ochtorina Susanti Dyah , Helmi Septianto Dea
Published: June 2020

Islamic banks in channeling funds to the public with two types, namely financing with the profit sharing system and financing with the sale and purchase system with deferred payment. Revenue sharing system is a system that includes procedures for the distribution of results of operations between the fund provider and the fund manager. The system of buying and selling with deferred payment is a system with profit margins, namely by implementing a system of buying and selling at a bank as a seller or by appointing a customer to be used as a bank agent to make purchases of goods and then selling the goods to customers at the agreed base price and profit. In practice, financing through Islamic banks does not rule out the possibility of problems, such as defaults such as the case in the Muara Enim Religious Court.
Parental Rights and Obligations to Children in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Islamic Family Law perspective)
Authors: Asman Asman
Published: June 2020

In accordance with the current development of the current era of globalization is very fast developing, especially digital technology called the era of revolution Industry 4.0 where the existence of technology and information can be accessed anytime and by anyone, so that positive and negative impacts on the rights and obligations of parents to children in the family. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through library research techniques, then analyzed in the perspective of Islamic family law. The method used is descriptive qualitative which describes data related to the rights and obligations of parents to children in the revolutionary 4.0 era in the perspective of Islamic family law. The focus of the problem in this study is how the rights and obligations of parents towards children in the 4.0 revolution industry era in the perspective of Islamic family law. The results of this study, parents have rights and obligations which are the responsibility of actualizing the rights of children in protecting, controlling, educating, maintaining respect and protecting children in the family.
Breastfeeding Education in Family Medicine Residencies: A 2019 CERA Program Directors Survey
Authors: Uzumcu Zeynep , Sutter Mary Beth , Cronholm Peter F.
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Breastfeeding counseling is an integral skill for all family physicians, regardless of whether they ultimately practice maternal child health (MCH). Evidence on time spent in breastfeeding education and resident competence is lacking. This study aimed to identify program characteristics associated with an increase the amount of breastfeeding education and program directors’ (PDs) perceived competence of residents’ breastfeeding counseling skills.
Methods: A national survey of family medicine PDs including breastfeeding questions was conducted as part of the 2019 CERA survey. We specifically sought to identify variables that correlate with increased breastfeeding education time and perceived competence.
Results: Family medicine programs with greatest breastfeeding education time and perceived resident competence included lactation consultants, had more MCH visits in resident continuity clinic, more graduates that practice MCH, and included competency evaluations by faculty. There was more volume of breastfeeding education in programs with group prenatal care and an academic affiliation. There was greater perceived competence among programs with more hours of breastfeeding training overall.
Conclusions: This study defines associations with curricular targets for improved breastfeeding counseling competence among family medicine residents. Inclusion of lactation consultants, regular faculty observation of counseling skills, and group prenatal care may be gradually introduced in programs to strengthen resident education and skills in breastfeeding counseling. The body of evidence in this field remains lacking, and further research is needed to characterize curricular interventions that increase resident competence in this important skill.
Impact of Teaching Sexual Health Education on Medical Students
Authors: Bourne Sarah J. F. , Lee Charlotte M. , Taliaferro Elizabeth , Zhang Angela Y. , Dalomb Natasha F. , Panton Constance , Roberts Mary B. , Magee Susanna
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Physician discomfort, embarrassment, and perceived lack of time and/or training all play a role in preventing physicians from discussing sexual health with patients. Past research shows this discomfort begins in medical school. We aimed to determine whether teaching sexual health education increases medical students’ self-efficacy in discussing sexual health topics with adolescents.
Methods: We emailed a retrospective pre/postsurvey to all medical students who taught sexual health education in a local middle school through Sex Ed by Brown Med (N=61).
Results: Participation in Sex Ed by Brown Med improves self-efficacy in discussing nine sexual health topics and in performing nine advanced interviewing skills relevant to sexual health in a retrospective analysis using self-reported data.
Conclusions: Programs similar to Sex Ed by Brown Med may be useful in improving medical students’ ability to adequately care for their patients’ sexual health by making future clinicians more comfortable when discussing the important topic of sexuality, and concurrently providing evidence-based comprehensive sexual health education to middle school students. Further research is needed to determine the impact of our program (and similar programs) before disseminating this model of sexual education.
Diplomacia Científica e Diplomacia Da Inovação: uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre a perspectiva brasileira
Authors: Anunciato Renata Oliveira , Santos Barbara Vitória Marques Sá dos
Published: June 2020

Neste artigo explora-se a difusão do conceito de “Diplomacia da Inovação” (DI) utilizado pelo Brasil para se inserir no contexto internacional de Diplomacia Científica (DC), dentro do panorama da pesquisa acadêmica de cooperação internacional em ciência, tecnologia e inovação (CT&I). Dividido em três seções, trata na primeira sobre a origem do termo “Diplomacia Científica”, sua definição e utilização como instrumento de política externa. Na segunda, apresenta a perspectiva brasileira de Diplomacia Científica, representada pelo conceito de “Diplomacia da Inovação”, como proposta e via de inserção do País no contexto internacional da Diplomacia Científica. A terceira seção concentra-se na identificação e análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos artigos coletados, por meio da metodologia da análise bibliométrica, e que abordam a Diplomacia da Inovação. Por fim, é concluído que há difusão, no entanto, a pesquisa corroborou a hipótese de que a utilização do conceito de DI na academia, desconsiderando órgãos governamentais como Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE) e Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), ainda é embrionária.
Novas fronteiras na Diplomacia Científica - contornando as mudanças de equilíbrio de poder
Authors: Royal Society The
Published: June 2020

Na atualidade, a complexidade de problemas globais, como as pandemias e a recessão econômica, a ascensão extremismos políticos e religiosos das mais variadas ordens, como os movimentos antivacinas e as “ondas” de “fake news” na criação de falsos “mitos” e no espraiamento de mentiras, e a difusão de correntes pseudocientíficas, como o “terraplanismo”, negam a validade do conhecimento científico e, por conseguinte, ameaçam o futuro da humanidade. Neste contexto obscuro, grande parte da sociedade, como reação a esses movimentos, defende o aumento do papel da ciência na vida política da sociedade e nas decisões de políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais. Com isso, a ideia de “science diplomacy” ganhou força nos fóruns acadêmicos e políticos.Assim, o presente texto é uma tradução do artigo “New frontiers in science diplomacy Navigating the changing balance of power” da Royal Society e da American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Este é um dos textos fundantes da “diplomacia científica” no mundo, pois trabalha conceitos-chave, como “ciência na diplomacia”, “diplomacia para a ciência”, “ciência para diplomacia”. Ademais, faz alguns estudos de caso sobre a importância da diplomacia científica.
Factores clave del Teletrabajo que inciden en la relación ganar-ganar entre el trabajador y la empresa costarricense
Authors: Silva Atencio Gabriel , Li Bonilla Federico
Published: June 2020

El teletrabajo podría convertirse en una alternativa que permita al sector empresarial y al trabajador obtener una relación ganar-ganar para salir adelante ante la situación global de las empresas. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los factores que permiten, desde el enfoque empresarial, que el trabajador pueda ejecutar actividades laborales acorde a las expectativas de la empresa y alcanzar las metas planteadas como parte del puesto de trabajo. La información fue recopilada por medio de entrevistas en profundidad y encuestas a empresas que realizan de forma exitosa esta modalidad y que han alcanzado las metas planteadas como organizaciones.
Hermeneutics of translation and understanding of violence
Authors: Borisov Sergey , Rimsky Viktor
Published: June 2020

The philosophical definition of violence today is ?incomplete? and leaves a
?gap? between the phenomenon and the concept. This is due to the fact that
the concept of ?violence? was/is strangely included in the general
philosophical categorial line. In domestic and Western discourse, the
problem field of violence contains, above all, political and ethical
meanings. The problem is intuitively resolved in its appeal to the concept
of ?power?, which turns out to be philosophically lost in modern philosophy.
Only exceptionally do we find ?traces? of this concept in philosophical
works. Among them are the works of Aristotle, which need to be freed from
modern, distorting interpretations. Thus, in the translations of Aristotle,
the Greek ???????, used for the traditional transferring the category of
possibility, lost its meaning of force (movement, ability, function); in its
turn, ?force? lost relation to ?violence? (???) and ?necessity?. Violence is
understood as a kind of necessity, which is associated with the suppression
of one?s ?own decision?, freedom, something that ?prevents desire? and
contrary to ?common thinking,? as well as the absence of ?good?. Violence is
presented not only in an ontological sense, but also existentially, as the
opposite of ?good? and of one?s own ?desire?. Force remains in the shadow of
?necessity? as ?possibility?, ?potential energy? and ?movement?, and
violence loses the opposition that has arisen in an ontological mode.
The concept of engagement
Authors: Koprivica Caslav
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we illuminate the basic features of the concept of engagement,
which has only become possible in the secular world, with the emergence of
the modern individual deprived of any stable, eternal order or hierarchy of
values. Still, engagement is not only individual but also collective, as the
lack of certainty about the truth affects not only the community and society
but also motivates them to follow the same paradigm as the individual -
themselves at stake, without knowing where it could possibly lead, but with
the intention to produce some tangible and stable socio-cosmic structures
that could alleviate man?s uncertainty and thus insecurity. The necessity of
engagement stems from the circumstance that man lives in a context saturated
with meanings that call him out in advance and influence him. Therefore,
engagement means actually acting back to the being-exposed to meanings and
structures that have already affected man and his situation. One section of
the text deals with an understanding of engagement in the contemporary,
?postmodern? era.
The Aristotelian Arche-decisions and the challenge of perishing
Authors: Losonc Mark
Published: June 2020

The paper deals with Aristotle?s concept of corruption. First, it
reconstructs Aristotle?s debate with the pre-Socratics and then it focuses
on the candidates for entity that can perish: form, matter, and substance.
The text argues against the widely accepted thesis according to which
substance is a corruptio simpliciter without further ado. The paper
intensely relies upon ancient and medieval commentators of Aristotle.
Finally, special attention is devoted to the dimension of time and the
problem of actuality.
The work of art as fictio personae
Authors: Cipranic Milos
Published: June 2020

The article investigates how and why we treat works of art as persons. From
rhetoric to jurisprudence, various disciplines have dealt with the practice
of attributing human features and abilities to insensate objects. The agency
of works of art acting as fictitious persons is not only recognized at the
level of aesthetic experience, but also outside it, because there have been
cases in which they were subject to legal liability. Personhood is not
reducible to individual human beings. However, since works of art lack
senses and consciousness, there is ultimately a limit to the personifying
metaphor.
Attitudes towards repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation among depressive patients and medical students
Authors: Engelke Christina , Jänner Michaela , Cordes Joachim , Ehringfeld Isabell , Klieser Leonhard , Kujovic Milenko
Published: June 2020

Introduction/Objective. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive and safe brain stimulation method for the treatment of therapy resistant depression in adulthood. The German S3 guideline for unipolar depression recommends the use of high frequency rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for depressive patients who did not respond primarily to antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Although a number of meta-analyses demonstrated its antidepressant efficacy on a high evidence level, rTMS is rarely offered to patients with mental disorders in German psychiatric hospitals. Methods. We introduced a questionnaire-based survey examining patients? (n = 122) and medical students? (n = 53) attitude towards rTMS. The questionnaire consisted of 10 questions with a 5-point Likert-scale. When testing for group differences, we conducted ?2 tests. Results. The majority of students and patients are not aware of rTMS as a psychiatric treatment of depression, with more patients than students not being aware (?2(1) = 9.462, p = 0.002; 39.3% vs. 17%). However, participants wish to be informed in more detail about rTMS. In general, positive attitudes cover the assumption of safety, while negative attitudes show concerns regarding the efficacy and a lack of trust in the method, mainly due to the fear of irreversible brain damage. Most participants would rather take psychiatric medication than rTMS. rTMS was assumed to be a helpful [?2(2) = 16.710, p < 0.001 (patients: 32.8% vs. students: 5.7%)] and well-tolerated treatment [?2(1) = 9.110, p = 0.003 (36.1% vs. 15.1%)] significantly more often by patients than by students. Conclusion. Our results show a clear need for more information on rTMS as a psychiatric treatment for patients and medical students to fight present prejudices and negative assumptions so that this treatment method with fewer side effects than medication may be used more often.
Comparison of dimensional accuracy and tolerances of powder bed based and nozzle based additive manufacturing processes
Authors: Gruber Samira , Grunert Christian , Riede Mirko , López Elena , Marquardt Axel , Brueckner Frank , Leyens Christoph
Published: June 2020

Additive manufacturing processes have the potential to produce near-net shaped complex final parts in various industries such as aerospace, medicine, or automotive. Powder bed based and nozzle based processes like laser metal deposition (LMD), laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), and electron beam melting (EBM) are commercially available, but selecting the most suitable process for a specific application remains difficult and mainly depends on the individual know-how within a certain company. Factors such as the material used, part dimension, geometrical features, as well as tolerance requirements contribute to the overall manufacturing costs that need to be economically reasonable compared to conventional processes. Within this contribution, the quantitative analysis of basic geometrical features such as cylinders, thin walls, holes, and cooling channels of a special designed benchmark demonstrator manufactured by LMD; LPBF and EBM are presented to compare the geometrical accuracy within and between these processes to verify existing guidelines, connect the part quality to the process parameters, and demonstrate process-specific limitations. The fabricated specimens are investigated in a comprehensive manner with 3D laser scanning and CT scanning with regard to dimensional and geometrical accuracy of outer and inner features. The obtained results will be discussed and achievable as-built tolerances for assessed demonstrator parts will be classified according to general tolerance classes described [DIN ISO 2768-1, Allgemeintoleranzen—Teil 1: Toleranzen für Längen- und Winkelmaße ohne einzelne Toleranzeintragung (1991). Accessed 26 February 2018; DIN ISO 2768-2, Allgemeintoleranzen—Teil 2: Toleranzen für Form und Lage ohne einzelne Toleranzeintragung (1991). Accessed 26 February 2018].
WEB CURRÍCULO E DIÁLOGOS COM AS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NO CONTEXTO AMBIENTAL DA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Ferreira Graça Regina Armond Matias , Barzano Marco Antônio Leandro
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo é um recorte da pesquisa de doutorado que propõe dialogar com os saberes dos sujeitos praticantes com/no/do contexto ambiental por meio das tecnologias digitais na educação básica, utilizando para isso, diferentes artefatos e estratégias culturais. De natureza bibliográfica, essa análise foi pautada em um dos capítulos da tese com centralidade em um denso estudo teórico, na busca de ampliar os repertórios culturais no contexto da cibercultura, em diálogo com as tecnologias digitais e suas implicações no web currículo da educação básica, a partir das produções de autoria dos sujeitos. Assim, procuramos neste artigo, descrever algumas dessas interações pautadas nos estudos do currículo e tecnologias digitais, com os estudos decoloniais e saberes ambientais, em diálogo com os praticantes curriculares, de forma multirreferencial. Entre outras questões, concluímos as potencialidades do uso das tecnologias digitais na educação básica, de forma modificadora de um currículo imerso na cibercultura, na qual os sujeitos volatizam a aprendizagem através das experiências vivenciadas no contexto ambiental quando articulados a saberes e cotidianos vividos.
CULTURA DIGITAL EM UM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA LETRAS-INGLÊS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Araújo Marcus Souza
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo de caso com dois alunos de Licenciatura em Letras para o uso das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) na aprendizagem de inglês. O referencial teórico baseia-se nos princípios da cultura digital (PRENSKY, 2001, 2012; BUCKINGHAM, 2010; IANNONE; ALMEIDA; VALENTE, 2016, ALMEIDA et al., 2017; ALONSO, 2017; entre outros) como forma de integrá-la ao ambiente de sala de aula no contexto brasileiro, em que os alunos poderão se apropriar, pedagógica e conscientemente, das mídias digitais e das tecnologias. Com relação à metodologia, esta pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso qualitativo (ANDRÉ, 2013; GERRING, 2019) e utiliza como instrumentos de pesquisa um relato reflexivo, entrevista e atividades do Facebook. Os dados da pesquisa foram gerados em uma disciplina curricular específica sobre tecnologias do curso de Licenciatura Letras-Inglês da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Os resultados apontam que as TDIC podem contribuir para um comportamento inovador do professor, ao sair, por exemplo, de práticas tradicionais de ensino, já que as tecnologias possibilitam ao professor conhecer melhor as necessidades dos alunos. Além disso, o professor precisa adaptar-se ao mundo digital e ajudar o aluno a ser autônomo em sua aprendizagem. Assim sendo, é válido mencionar que toda inovação precisa ser ensinada, para auxiliar o aluno a partir de suas necessidades, e o uso das TDIC em sala de aula, para uso pedagógico, não é diferente.
MAGISTÉRIO INDÍGENA TAMÎ’KAN: ASPECTOS FORMATIVOS E DESAFIOS CURRICULARES PARA FORMAÇÃO DE FORMADORES E PROFESSORES INDÍGENAS-RR
Authors: Fernandes Marilene Alves , Camargo Leila Maria
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho é fruto dos debates do Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa “Educação Interculturalidade e Emancipação Humana” - GEEINEH - do Mestrado em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Roraima/UERR. Apresenta algumas considerações sobre os resultados das reflexões feitas no grupo a respeito da educação, relações interculturais e emancipação humana nos currículos da fronteira norte do Brasil. É fruto de uma pesquisa-ação que, por meio de uma oficina de intervenção, procurou coletar  informações para este artigo sobre concepções curriculares dos professores indígenas que participam do Projeto do Magistério Indígena Tami’kan. O objetivo inicial era refletir sobre o entendimento dos professores indígenas a respeito do currículo intercultural, de forma que pudéssemos ter elementos para pensar as políticas de formação continuada, a fim de auxiliá-los na efetivação do currículo pretendido na prática das Escolas Indígenas do Estado de Roraima. Mas, com a experiência concreta das oficinas, outras reflexões surgiram, especialmente aos formadores de formadores e foi observado que, muitas vezes, ao adentrarmos o universo cultural dos professores indígenas e de outros coletivos sociais, há necessidade também dos formadores estarem abertos para serem mais “aprendentes” do que “ensinantes”, pois, no que tange ao diálogo intercultural e comunitário, ainda temos muito que aprender com os professores indígenas.
FORMAÇÃO E ATUAÇÃO DO PEDAGOGO A PARTIR DA LEI N. 9.394/96: QUESTÕES VELHAS E NOVAS
Authors: Barra Valdeniza Maria Lopes da
Published: June 2020

Da configuração do curso de Pedagogia assumida pela LDB n. 9394/96 destaca-se aqui, o fato de que a formação de profissionais para atuação nos anos iniciais da escolarização (o que compreende Educação Infantil, Anos Iniciais do EF (06 a 10-11 anos) e EJA 1ª. fase do Ensino Fundamental) passa a ser realizada no âmbito da universidade. As implicações resultantes da elevação da formação do professor primário para o âmbito do ensino superior, se dão a ver no recrudescimento dos sentidos postos pela histórica problemática dada, na atual conjuntura, pela oposição entre o pressuposto da docência como base da formação nas licenciaturas versus a herança bacharelesca. Busca-se interlocução com estudos que tanto se dedicam a pensar a pedagogia no âmbito da sua nova configuração, como refletem aspectos decorrentes da mesma. Por fim, o estudo se propõe a tecer algumas considerações a respeito de dados de pesquisa interessada na formação e atuação do pedagogo, com realce sobre a perspectiva do estágio curricular obrigatório. Indica um possível hiato entre o pressuposto da docência como base identitária da formação do professor - lógica que preside o curso de Pedagogia, em face do trabalho que se realiza no estágio.
Impact of protein hydrolysate biostimulants on growth of barley and wheat and their interaction with symbionts and pathogens
Authors: Schmidt Christoph Stephan , Mrnka Libor , Frantík Tomáš , Bárnet Martin , Vosátka Miroslav , Baldassarre Švecová Eva
Published: June 2020

We compared the biostimulant effect of a novel chicken feather hydrolysate (FH) and a reference protein hydrolysate (RH) on barley and wheat in a pot experiment. Their interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorus (P) supply were also addressed. All experimental factors influenced barley growth. Shoot height and biomass of barley were increased by FH and reduced by RH. AMF decreased barley biomass at high P-supply. In wheat, the biomass was slightly reduced by AMF while other factors had no significant effect. In the parallel field experiment, RH but not FH increased yield and grain size of barley, while there was no significant effect of either hydrolysate on wheat. Application time had no effect on hydrolysate efficacy. Both hydrolysates promoted severity of net blotch (Pyrenophora teres maculata) on barley in the pot experiment, but reduced it in field. FH promoted wheat root colonisation by AMF under low-P supply. Our results show limited transferability of pot results to field conditions and manifest complex interactions between hydrolysates, soil phosphorus, and plant symbionts and pathogens.
A comparison of strategies for working capital management of listed food companies from Northern Europe
Authors: Zabolotnyy Serhiy , Sipiläinen Timo
Published: June 2020

The research presents the application of fuzzy logic for synthetic evaluation of strategies for working capital management of twelve food companies from Northern Europe in 2005–2015. A set of financial ratios formed an aggregated indicator reflecting the complexity of relationships between the level and structure of current assets and liabilities of a firm. Based on the proposed indicator, four types of strategies for working capital management were identified and characterized in terms of risk and return preferences. Only a few companies from the sample demonstrated a direct orientation on liquidity or value within their strategies for working capital management. To retain flexibility in short-term financial management, most firms applied moderate policies for current assets and liabilities that helped them in maintaining liquidity and reducing the cost of financing. The integrity of the proposed method for the synthetic evaluation of working capital management makes it a convenient managerial tool suitable for use in firms operating in a turbulent business environment.