bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nogo-A mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress during myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats
Authors: Xiong Yonghong , Leng Yan , Li Wei , Li Wenyuan , Tian Hao , Tao Jie , Chen Rong , Xia Zhongyuan
Published: June 2022

Among the three isoforms encoded by neurite outgrowth inhibitor proteins has been intensely investigated as a central nervous system inhibitor. Although neurite outgrowth inhibitor protein-A (Nogo-A) expression is increased in plasma of patients who have experienced a coronary heart disease, its role in heart desease is not well elucidated. In this study, we discovered a significant increase in Nogo-A expression in diabetic myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R) injury conditions. Accelerated Nogo-A and MI/R injury in diabetic rats was attenuated by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) treatment and knockdown of Nogo-A per se is sufficient to decrease endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as well as prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We hypothesized that decreased Nogo-A levels might reducing diabetic MI/R injury. Nogo-A interacted with C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), suggesting a role for Nogo-A in ER stress during diabetic MI/R. In conclusion, Nogo-A mediated ER stress plays a major role in diabetic MI/R injury, and pathologically altered Nogo-A expression mediates diabetic MI/R injury, suggesting Nogo-A as a novel target for the treatment of diabetic MI/R injury in clinical settings.
WITHDRAWN: Red Deer Optimization Based Grid Interactive Asymmetrical Reduced Switch Multilevel Inverter with Low Output Harmonics using Single PV Source
Authors: Mohanty Rupali , Chatterjee Debashis , Suman Swati
Published: June 2022

This paper proffers a Multilevel Inverter (MLI) topology that designed with minimum number of power switch with a single voltage source. This reduced MLI is energized by Photo Voltaic (PV) module and integrating with low voltage grid, which is cost effective with minimum number of switching devices and input voltage sources. Asymmetrical voltages are provided through series capacitors across PV boost voltage, which resulted different grading of voltage levels at the output side of reduced MLI. This output voltage has provided a smooth sinusoidal waveform than the symmetrical one. The proposed algorithm has overcome the deprivation of cascade H-bridge MLI and conventional two-level inverter with low switching loss and minimum switching stress. The varying capacitance ratio with respect to a reference value and required switching pulses are determined by the help of a new metaheuristic algorithm called Red Deer Optimization (RDO) algorithm. This algorithm has optimized the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) of a grid tied three-phase reduced H-bridge MLI to 2.33% and has properly balanced the capacitance ratio across source voltage for which the MLI has resulted less distorted voltage and current waveforms across grid side. The performance of this new metaheuristic algorithm has been compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithms to prove its potency. The operation and efficiency of this proposed reduced MLI has been endorsed with the help of simulation and experimental results as well.
The dynamics of Paiku Co lake area in response to climate change
Authors: Yang Zhichong , Dai Xiaoai , Wang Zekun , Gao Xiaojie , Qu Ge , Li Weile , Li Jingzhong , Lu Heng , Wang Youlin
Published: June 2022

With the drastic change in global climate, the wide distribution of natural lakes over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (TP) has attracted extensive attention due to their high climate sensitivity. In this paper, we investigated the dynamics of Paiku Co, the largest inland lake in the Qomolangma Natural Reserve, with the associated response to climate change in the past three decades. The methods used contain the water index method, the spatial and temporal fusion model, the statistical mono-window algorithm, and multi-variable linear regression. Lake area fluctuated greatly in 1990–2000, followed by a continuous shrinkage in 2000–2010, and it stabilized after that (2010–2020). We forecasted that Paiku Co would enter a slow expansion period. Conjoint analysis with climate factors showed that the area variation of Paiku Co was not significantly related to precipitation change, but negatively related to the change of air temperature and lake temperature. We found that the lake change was not dominated by a single factor but showed different climate sensitivity in each period. Especially, there was a common inflection point around 2013 that might herald the occurrence of a new trend of climate change. This article provides new ideas and solutions for the research of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and offers a reference for water resource management.
Numerical simulation of soil water movement by gravity subsurface hole irrigation
Authors: Fan Yanwei , Zhu Chunyan , Bai Guilin , Ma Tianhua , Wang Zhenchang
Published: June 2022

Aridity and soil erosion are two bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau and are also fundamental reasons for the ecological fragility of the region. A gravity subsurface hole irrigation system was proposed to regulate rainfall–runoff, achieve rainwater stylization, and reduce soil erosion. Based on HYDRUS-2D/3D, a mathematical model of soil water movement under gravity subsurface hole irrigation was created. Thirty-five scenarios were designed to analyze five cumulative infiltration volumes (I) and wetting front migration distance (W), and changes under different combinations of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), infiltrating hole diameter (D), infiltrating pipe depth (B), matric potential (Ψm), and infiltration time (T). The results indicated that when Ks, D, B, and T increased, I also increased, while Ψm increased and I decreased. In addition, when I and Ψm increase, W increases. However, when D and B increase, W decreases. Ks promotes W in a vertical downward direction but inhibits W in the vertically upward and horizontal directions. The simulation results established the I estimation model and the W estimation model (power function continuous multiplication form). There was acceptable uniformity among the predicted and measured values, and its reliability was verified experimentally.
Municipal wastewater discharge standards for ammonia nitrogen in Brazil: technical elements to guide decisions
Authors: Dantas Marina Salim , de Morais Silva Luis Fernando , Novaes Hosana Hiromi Utida , Oliveira Sílvia Corrêa
Published: June 2022

In Brazil, domestic effluents represent the primary source of pressure on water resources. Water pollution can be controlled by defining, applying, and enforcing the effluent standards for wastewater discharge. Discussions are ongoing in Minas Gerais State regarding the possibility of setting a discharge standard for ammonia nitrogen in municipal wastewater, which is currently not required. However, providing technical support for decision-making is challenging because of the difficulties in accessing monitoring data from sewage treatment plants. This study aimed to analyze the monitoring data from 49 sewage treatment plants operating in Minas Gerais to offer guidance for decision making. High concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in the effluents of the treatment plants were found, reinforcing the need for better control and the adoption of more advanced technologies. Furthermore, it was observed an increase in concentrations downstream of the discharges in the receiving water bodies. Adopting a progressive and adaptable discharge standard can be a solution for better control of treatment systems.
Análisis de los fundamentos filosóficos de las políticas educativas del Estado peruano entre los años 2011 al 2020 en las dimensiones cosmovisivas, gnoseológicas, lógicas y sociológicas
Authors: Buendía Molina Marilyn Aurora , Allcca Sovero Rosario Milagros , Ríos Ríos Elva María , Salazar Villar Angela Patricia
Published: June 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los fundamentos filosóficos de la política educativa entre los años 2011 al 2020. La metodología empleada fue de revisión sistemática de tipo documental, crítico-creativo y hermenéutico, para lo cual se revisó diferentes fuentes de información que permiten un análisis con respecto a los datos disponibles de la política educativa desde los gobiernos del ex presidente Ollanta Humala (2011 - 2016), Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (2016 - 2018) hasta Martín Vizcarra (2018 - 2020). Se concluye que los fundamentos filosóficos empleados en los gobiernos de los años 2011 al 2020 están centrados en el desarrollo del ser humano en su conjunto. Los fundamentos del presente estudio son pilares imprescindibles para el desarrollo de la política educativa de cualquier país y herramientas que tienen los gobiernos para involucrarse en la producción y distribución de los conocimientos en una sociedad.
La ineficacia de las políticas lingüísticas peruanas: Un estudio de casos sobre la vulneración de derechos de poblaciones indígenas
Authors: Ayala Nagao Daryl Bridget Valerie , Dioses Tarazona Alejandra Antoinette , Jaramillo Paredes Yuly Anabell , Flores Chávez Maybe
Published: June 2022

En el Perú, las políticas lingüísticas abarcan un conjunto de normas que velan por el uso y mantenimiento de las diferentes lenguas que se hablan en su territorio. Sin embargo, estos marcos legales no se cumplen de manera efectiva y son transgredidos. Por ese motivo, se seleccionaron tres casos de vulneración a los derechos de las poblaciones indígenas, en los cuales se propone la existencia de factores que originan la ineficacia de las políticas lingüísticas en el Perú. Estos expedientes se recopilaron de repositorios del Gobierno, en línea, y se examinaron bajo una perspectiva analítico-descriptiva. Finalmente, la revisión de los datos reveló la existencia de prácticas que marginan a las comunidades indígenas fundamentadas en la ideología de una lengua hegemónica, lo que desemboca en políticas públicas centralizadas, invisibilización de las poblaciones indígenas e incumplimiento de las leyes a beneficio de las lenguas originarias.
La problemática de la ficción en la narrativa de Ventura García Calderón
Authors: Anchante Arias Jim Alexander
Published: June 2022

La narrativa peruana de Ventura García Calderón, inscrita en el contexto estético-literario del indianismo modernista, generó una gran polémica en su relación con el proyecto político-cultural del Indigenismo en las primeras décadas del siglo xx en nuestro país. El presente artículo busca reflexionar en torno a este debate, centrándose en algunos cuentos de su libro La venganza del cóndor (1924), de los alcances narrativos de este autor en torno a lo fantástico y lo maravilloso, así como su singular posición en torno al proyecto indigenista.
Qualitative Assessment of Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase Activities: a Need For Improved Drug Screening Strategies
Authors: Le  Grice Stuart F.J.
Published: June 2022

Introducing defined heteropolymeric template-primers and high resolution gel electrophoresis to analyze the DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H (RNase H) functions of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) indicates that enzymes whose activities are quantitatively comparable can differ significantly in the quality of their product. Examples are presented here to illustrate that drugs altering processivity of DNA synthesis or uncoupling RNase H activities could go unnoticed using the current methods of high-flux screening.
Secretion of the Ligand Binding Domain Of the Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor Using an Escherichia Coli System
Authors: Anaguchi Hiroyuki , Hiraoka Osamu , Ota Yoshimi
Published: June 2022

The amino terminal domain of the cytokine receptor homologous region (BN domain1 roughly 100 amino acid residues) in the receptor for human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was produced by an Eschetichia coli maltose binding protein (MBP) fusion secretion system. The human BN (hBN) product was prepared from the fusion protein, by restriction protease factor Xa di_gestion, and was purified to near homogeneity, using the mutant (hBN-C164S), in which Cys164 was replaced with serine, but which still contains 6 Cys residues. The mutated domain hBN-C164S stoichiometrically bound G-CSF, with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 10-7M, which is the same as that of the wild-type hBN domain.
Recognizing, Managing and Treating Acute Agitation in Youths
Authors: Salvi Virginio , Orsolini Laura , Martino Lorenzo Maria , Pompili Simone , Volpe Umberto
Published: June 2022

Acute agitation is common in youths presenting to emergency departments, and, in some cases, may escalate into aggression and violence. Therefore, acute agitation in youths should be immediately and appropriately recognized and treated to avoid the consequences of its escalation. Agitation is widespread in youths, being reported in around 7% of all youths admitted to emergency departments due to psychiatric reasons. Overall, the most frequent causes of youth acute agitation include the exacerbation of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD, autism, or intellectual disabilities, or the onset of mood and psychotic disorders. Substance abuse is also common in adolescents and young adults with acute agitation. Management of agitation should be individualized, multidisciplinary, and collaborative. Along with a diagnostic assessment, the needs of the young patients should be understood and addressed, and de-escalation strategies should be immediately prompted. Rapid recognition and management are warranted, in order to assure the safety of the patient and healthcare staff jeopardized by the acute crisis. Firstly, environmental and de-escalation strategies should be acted with the aim to reduce agitation and, if possible, avoid the use of physical restraint. In case these strategies fail to succeed, pharmacological treatment should be rapidly implemented. Although youth agitation and aggression is trans-diagnostic, prior diagnosis of psychiatric disorder should guide the choice of the tranquilizing medication whenever possible. This review will examine these aspects in detail and provide guidance on how to recognize, manage, treat and resolve acute agitation in youths.
Динамика решетки и нелинейный отклик ОЦК-титана на деформации при высокой температуре в методе ab initio молекулярной динамики
Authors: Белов М.П. , Синяков Р.И.
Published: June 2022

The lattice dynamics and the response to deformations of the bcc titanium lattice at high temperatures are studied using the method of ab initio molecular dynamics. The results of calculation of phonon spectra using the harmonic Hamiltonian and the Hamiltonian containing third-order force constants are compared. It is shown that the lattice dynamics of bcc titanium cannot be correctly described without taking into account the anharmonic terms. Stress-strain curves are calculated for a given deformation scheme η1= η11= η, η6=2η12= η. For this deformation scheme, analytical expressions are given for the dependence of the nonzero components of the stress tensor on the magnitude of the deformation, taking into account the elastic constants up to the fourth order inclusive. All second-order elastic constants, three third-order elastic constants, and four fourth-order elastic constants of bcc titanium are calculated.
Парамагнитные центры в легированном хромом ортосиликате скандия
Authors: Важенин В.А. , Потапов А.П. , Фокин А.В. , Артёмов М.Ю. , Исаев В.А.
Published: June 2022

The EPR spectrum of single crystals of scandium orthosilicate doped with chromium was studied in the X-band. In the crystallographic and local coordinate systems, the parameters of the spin Hamiltonians of two Cr3+ centers that have replaced scandium in the nonequivalent triclinic positions demonstrate orthorhombic symmetry in the principal axes are determined. The spectrum of the Gd3+ center localized in one of scandium position was discovered and studied, and the parameters of the fine structure of its ground state were determined. In the studied crystals, EPR signals of unidentified paramagnetic centers also were observed.
Магнитокалорический эффект в аморфно-кристаллических микропроводах PrDyFeCoB
Authors: Дворецкая Е.В. , Сидоров В.Л. , Коплак О.В. , Королев Д.В. , Пискорский В.П. , Валеев Р.А. , Моргунов Р.Б.
Published: June 2022

В аморфно-кристаллических микропроводах PrDyFeCoB, полученных сверхбыстрым охлаждением расплава, обнаружен отрицательный магнитокалорический эффект при 200-250 K (с выделением тепла при включении магнитного поля), а также положительный магнитокалорический эффект в температурной области 300-340 K (с поглощением тепла при включении магнитного поля). Установлено, что в исследованном температурном диапазоне отсутствуют фазовые переходы первого рода, что свидетельствует о том, что оба обнаруженных эффекта связаны с изменением магнитной части энтропии. Переход при 200-250 K обусловлен наличием метамагнитных состояний, индуцированных магнитным полем в спин-стекольном состоянии аморфной части сплава PrDyFeCoB, и с их переходом в ферримагнитное состояние. Переход при 300-340 K является спин-переориентационным, и он происходит в кристаллических включениях, идентифицированных в аморфной матрице. Ключевые слова: спин-переориентационный переход, спиновое стекло, магнитокалорический эффект, энтропия.
Энергетический анализ магнитных структур основного состояния модели Поттса с конкурирующими обменными взаимодействиями
Authors: Рамазанов М.К. , Муртазаев А.К. , Магомедов М.А. , Курбанова Д.Р. , Рамазанов К.М. , Хизриев М.-Ш.С.
Published: June 2022

Based on the Wang-Landau algorithm, the Monte Carlo method was used to study the magnetic structures of the ground state and the thermodynamic properties of the two-dimensional Potts model with the number of spin states q=4 on a triangular lattice, taking into account the exchange interactions of the first J1 and second J2 nearest neighbors. The studies were carried out for the value of the interaction of the second nearest neighbors in the range -2.0≤ J2≤0.0. The magnetic structures of the ground state are constructed in the interval considered. An energy analysis of the magnetic structures of the ground state has been carried out. A phase diagram of the dependence of the critical temperature on the value of J2 is constructed. It is shown that taking into account the interactions of the second nearest neighbors leads to the appearance of frustrations and violation of the magnetic ordering.
Влияние интеркаляции золота на электронную структуру графена на Co-Si/SiC(0001)
Authors: Рыбкина А.А. , Фильнов С.О. , Глазкова Д.А. , Вилков О.Ю. , Бокай К.А. , Пудиков Д.А. , Шикин А.М. , Рыбкин А.Г.
Published: June 2022

Investigation of graphene on an ultrathin CoSi/CoSi2 cobalt silicide layer on a SiC(0001) substrate after the Au intercalation has been carried out. It was shown that deposition of Au and subsequent annealing of the system at a temperature of 500°C leads to the intercalation of Au atoms and the formation of gold silicide under graphene with a stoichiometry close to that of Au2Si. The study of the electronic structure of the system in the region of the K point of the surface Brillouin zone revealed the quasi-freestanding character of graphene with a linear spectrum of π states and a Dirac point near the Fermi level. The measurements using photoelectron microscopy showed the homogeneity of the work function along the surface of the sample on a micrometer scale.
Диэлектрический барьерный разряд в смеси He-Ne низкого давления. Спектроскопия послесвечения
Authors: Иванов В.А.
Published: June 2022

The paper considers the possibility of using a low-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) as a plasma source for the active medium of a He-Ne laser. The results of a spectroscopic study of the decay stage of a DBD plasma of a cylindrical configuration with a pronounced inverse population of the upper level of the 2p55s configuration, which makes the line of 632.8 nm one of the brightest in the visible region of the spectrum, are presented. It is shown that in the early stage of the DBD afterglow, the distribution of the populations over the 2p55s and 2p54d levels of the neon atom is due to the excitation transfer mechanism Не(21S0) +Ne -- > He(11S0) + Ne*. In the late afterglow with the departure of helium atoms Не(21S0), emission in the visible region of the spectrum is formed mainly by transitions from levels of the 2p53p configuration, the population of which is associated with Не(23S1) atoms. At this stage, the population of the 2p55s and 2p54d states by electron-ion recombination processes is ineffective and does not lead to the formation of population inversion. As an optimal solution in terms of the 632.8 nm line brightness in the afterglow, it is proposed to use a discharge with electrodes along the outer surface of a cylindrical discharge tube, initiated at frequencies that exclude the recombination stage of the afterglow.
Влияние хлоридов на спектральные свойства серебряных ионообменных слоев фото-термо-рефрактивного стекла
Authors: Марасанов Д.В. , Сгибнев Е.М. , Никоноров Н.В.
Published: June 2022

The effect of chlorine on the spectral properties of silver nanoparticles in the ion-exchanged layers of photo-thermo-refractive glass was studied. It was shown that silver nanoparticles were precipitated only in the UV-irradiated region of the ion-exchanged chlorine-free photo-thermo-refractive glass and refractive index of the irradiated and non-irradiated was the same. It was founded that UV irradiation and subsequent thermal treatment resulted in a growth of NaF nanocrystals on AgCl/NaCl shells formed on the silver nanoparticles in the irradiated ion-exchanged chloride photo-thermo-refractive glass. The refractive index contrast of the irradiated and non-irradiated areas of photo-thermo-refractive glass with chlorine was achieved Δn=-3•10-3. Results of the study demonstrate that it is possible to record the amplitude gratings in the ion-exchanged layers of chlorine-free photo-thermo-refractive glass, and to record the amplitude-phase gratings in the ion-exchanged layers of chloride photo-thermo-refractive glass.
Outpatient Care Among Users and Nonusers of Direct-to-Patient Telehealth: Observational Study
Authors: Cuellar Alison , Pomeroy J Mary Louise , Burla Sriteja , Jena Anupam B
Published: June 2022

Background

Expansion of telehealth insurance coverage is hampered by concerns that such coverage may encourage excessive use and spending.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to examine whether users of telehealth services rely more on other forms of outpatient care than nonusers, and to estimate the differences in payment rates.

Methods

We examined claims data from a large national insurer in 2017. We limited our analysis to patients with visits for 3 common diagnoses (N=660,546). We calculated the total number of visits per patient, overall, and by setting, and adjusted for patient- and county-level factors.

Results

After multivariable adjustment, telehealth-visit users, compared to nonusers, had 0.44 fewer visits to primary care, 0.11 fewer visits to emergency departments, and 0.17 fewer visits to retail and urgent care. All estimates are statistically significant at P<.001. Average payment rates for telehealth visits were lower than all other settings.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that telehealth visits may substitute rather than add to in-person care for some types of care. Our study suggests that telehealth visits may offer an efficient and less costly alternative.
The Spread of Cancer Misinformation via YouTube and how to Stop It: A Study on the Self-Administration of Anthelmintic for dogs as cancer medicine (Preprint)
Authors: Yoon Ho Young , You Kyung Han , Kwon Jung Hye , Kim Jung Sun , Rha Sun Young , Chang Yoon Jung , Lee Sang-Cheol
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

A knowledge gap exists between the list of required actions and the action plan for countering cancer misinformation on social media. A social media strategy to deliver factual information while also disrupting disinformation on a social media network has garnered little attention

OBJECTIVE

This study is intended, first, to identify the spread structure of cancer misinformation on YouTube. How do YouTube videos play an important role to spread the self-administration of Anthelmintic for dogs as cancer medicine? Second, the study is intended to suggest the action strategy for stopping misinformation on YouTube by exploiting the logic of YouTube information flow and recommender system. What would be the effective strategy to stop cancer misinformation on YouTube?

METHODS

The study used the YouTube case on the Self-Administration of Anthelmintic for dogs as alternative cancer medicine in South Korea. We gathered the Korean YouTube videos on the self-administration of Fenbendazole. It was retrieved using YouTube API for the query "Fenbendazole" and 702 videos from 227 channels were compiled. Then, at least 50,000 views and uploaded between September 2019 and September 2020 were chosen from the collection. Finally, the 10 suggested videos for each video were compiled, totaling 573 videos. Social network visualization for 573 recommended videos is used to identify three intervention strategies for disrupting the The study found the evidence of so-called ‘complex contagion’ by human and recommender system. By exposing stakeholders to multiple information sources on Fenbendazole self-administration personal reviews and linking them via recommender algorithm, YouTube has become the perfect infrastructure for reinforcing the belief that Fenbendazole can cure cancer, despite government warnings of self-administration risks and dangers.YouTube misinformation network.

RESULTS

The study found the evidence of so-called ‘complex contagion’ by human and recommender system. By exposing stakeholders to multiple information sources on Fenbendazole self-administration personal reviews and linking them via recommender algorithm, YouTube has become the perfect infrastructure for reinforcing the belief that Fenbendazole can cure cancer, despite government warnings of self-administration risks and dangers.

CONCLUSIONS

Health authority should upload pertinent information through ‘multiple’ channels and should exploit existing YouTube recommendation algorithm to disrupt misinformation network. Considering the viewing habits of patients and caregivers, the direct use of hospital channels is more effective than the indirect use of news media channels through public announcement and statement or government channels. Reinforcing through multiple channels is the key.
Eliciting Opinions on Health Messaging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ruiz Sienna , Okere Uzoma Charles , Eggers Michelle , O'Leary Catina , Politi Mary , Wan Fei , Housten Ashley J
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Effective public health messaging has been necessary throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but stakeholders have struggled to communicate critical information to the public, especially in different types of locations such as urban and rural areas.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify opportunities to improve COVID-19 messages for community distribution in rural and urban settings and to summarize the findings to inform future messaging.

METHODS

We purposively sampled by region (urban or rural) and participant type (general public or health care professional) to survey participants about their opinions on 4 COVID-19 health messages. We designed open-ended survey questions and analyzed the data using pragmatic health equity implementation science approaches. Following the qualitative analysis of the survey responses, we designed refined COVID-19 messages incorporating participant feedback and redistributed them via a short survey.

RESULTS

In total, 67 participants consented and enrolled: 31 (46%) community participants from the rural Southeast Missouri Bootheel, 27 (40%) community participants from urban St Louis, and 9 (13%) health care professionals from St Louis. Overall, we found no qualitative differences between the responses of our urban and rural samples to the open-ended questions. Participants across groups wanted familiar COVID-19 protocols, personal choice in COVID-19 preventive behaviors, and clear source information. Health care professionals contextualized their suggestions within the specific needs of their patients. All groups suggested practices consistent with health-literate communications. We reached 83% (54/65) of the participants for message redistribution, and most had overwhelmingly positive responses to the refined messages.

CONCLUSIONS

We suggest convenient methods for community involvement in the creation of health messages by using a brief web-based survey. We identified areas of improvement for future health messaging, such as reaffirming the preventive practices advertised early in a crisis, framing messages such that they allow for personal choice of preventive behavior, highlighting well-known source information, using plain language, and crafting messages that are applicable to the readers’ circumstances.
Testicle Tanning: Evaluating the Public’s Interest In A Potentially Harmful New Health Trend (Preprint)
Authors: Ottwell Ryan , Cox Katherine , Dobson Taylor , Shah Muneeb , Hartwell Micah
Published: June 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Letter to the Editor
Melatonin for neuropathic pain: Protocol for a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Gilron Ian , Tu Dongsheng , Holden Ronald R , Moulin Dwight E , Duggan Scott , Milev Roumen
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Neuropathic pain (NP), a complication of several conditions (e.g., diabetic neuropathy, varicella zoster) is a common challenging problem and there is a growing need to develop safe and effective nonopioid treatments. Sleep disturbance is commonly associated with NP because pain intensity of NP conditions is often worse at night. The pineal hormone, melatonin, has been shown to reduce pain in both preclinical and clinical settings, in addition to multiple trials demonstrating efficacy for primary insomnia and delayed sleep phase syndrome.

OBJECTIVE

We propose to conduct a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of melatonin for NP.

METHODS

Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 30 adults with NP will be randomly allocated to one of two sequences of treatment with melatonin and placebo. During each of two treatment periods, participants will take capsules containing melatonin or placebo for 4 weeks, followed by a 7-day washout period. The primary outcome will be mean daily pain intensity (0-10) at maximally tolerated doses (MTD) during each period. Secondary outcomes, assessed at MTD, will include global improvement, adverse events, mood, and quality of life.

RESULTS

This trial was registered in the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial registry May 4, 2022 (ISRCTN #16215617), attained conditional ethics approval May 9, 2022 (Queen’s University Health Sciences & Affiliated Teaching Hospitals Research Ethics Board protocol number ANAE-387-22), and recruitment is set to start August 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial will provide rigorous evidence comparing the efficacy of melatonin to placebo in the treatment of NP.

CLINICALTRIAL

This trial was registered in the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial registry May 4, 2022 (ISRCTN #16215617).
Virtual Reality for Chronic Pain Management Among Historically Marginalized Populations: Systematic Review of Usability Studies (Preprint)
Authors: Dy Marika , Olazo Kristan , Lisker Sarah , Brown Ellenor , Saha Anindita , Weinberg Jessica , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Virtual reality (VR) has potential to improve chronic pain management outcomes. However, the majority of studies assessing VR are conducted in predominantly White populations in well-resourced settings, thus leaving a gap in knowledge of VR use among diverse populations who experience a significant chronic pain burden.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to examine the extent to which usability of VR for chronic pain management has been studied within historically marginalized patient groups.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic search to identify studies with usability outcomes located in high-income countries that included a historically marginalized population, defined by a mean age greater than or equal to 65 years, lower educational attainment (greater than or equal to 60% having attained high school education or less), and being a racial or ethnic minority (less than or equal to 50% non-Hispanic White people for studies based in the United States).

RESULTS

Our analysis included 5 papers, which we used to conduct a narrative analysis. Three studies examined VR usability as a primary outcome. All studies assessed VR usability using different measures, of which 4 found VR to be usable by their respective study population. Only 1 study found a significant improvement in pain levels post–VR intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of VR shows promise for chronic pain management, but few studies include populations that are older, have limited educational attainment, or have racial or ethnic diversity. Additional studies with these populations are needed to further develop VR systems that work best for diverse patients with chronic pain.
The Validity of the Parsley Symptom Index: an e-PROM designed for Telehealth (Preprint)
Authors: Williams Hants , Steinberg Sarah , Leon Kendall , O’Shea Catherine , Berzin Robin , Hagg Heather
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

The Parsley Symptom Index (PSI) is a recently developed symptom assessment for adults with chronic disease in telehealth settings.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to validate the PSI against the Self-Rated Health (SRH) item.

METHODS

This prospective cohort study took place from January 15, 2021 to December 15, 2021 among a sample of 10,519 adult patients at Parsley Health, a subscription based holistic medical practice. The PSI and the SRH were completed by patients via an online portal. The association between the PSI and SRH was assessed via polyserial and polychoric correlations, while weighted kappa scores provided information related to agreement between the PSI and SRH.

RESULTS

From 22,748 responses, there were moderate levels of association (polyserial r=0.51; polychoric r=0.52) and agreement (weighted ???? = 0.46) between the PSI and SRH. In total 74.2% (16865) of responses between the PSI and SRH were relatively congruent while 36.2% (8229) were literally congruent.

CONCLUSIONS

The PSI demonstrates validity with the SRH for adults with chronic disease in a telehealth setting.
Intervention strategies to facilitate reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in the Australian digital healthcare ecosystem: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Fossouo Tagne Joel , Yakob Reginald Amin , Dang Thu Ha , Mcdonald Rachael , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Medications aim to relieve suffering & ailment, but they can be associated with adverse side effects or adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ADRs are a major cause of hospital admissions and cause a significant strain on healthcare funding in Australia and Globally. There is little integrative and collective knowledge on ADR reporting and monitoring in the Australian healthcare system.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to investigate the current trends in ADR reporting, monitoring, and handling in the Australian healthcare system and describe related interventions.

METHODS

A comprehensive search of appropriate keywords, regarding ADRs was used to search 6 electronic databases to retrieve peer-reviewed scientific articles published from 2010 to 2021. Only articles with a precise focus on ADRs in the Australian medicine’s management context were included.

RESULTS

Seven articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings offer a comprehensive picture of ADR reporting and monitoring in the Australian healthcare system. The current ADR systems were compiled with the involvement of both consumer/ patients and healthcare providers to record or report all types of ADRs of various severities and aimed at improving ADR monitoring and reporting. The major barrier to consumer/patients’ participation is awareness to reporting mechanisms. Consumers are also more likely to report ADRs to their doctor or pharmacists. Documentation of opioid and penicillin ADR reports in hospital electronic health records shows nurses and pharmacists to be significantly less likely than doctors to omit the reaction description and pharmacists significantly more likely to enter the correct classification than doctors.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a need to (1) improve the current initiatives on public awareness to ADR reporting and the provision of report feedback to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration; (2) implement digital solutions to support consumer/patients reporting and empower healthcare providers to electronically capture and report ADRs within their clinical workflow; (3) undertake studies to understand ADR management at the primary healthcare institutional level; (4) develop and validate frameworks to evaluate novel technological solutions designed to facilitate pharmacovigilance and improve the safety of medicines management in Australia.
Food Security for Improving the Livelihood of Rural People
Authors: Chuwan Nar Kumar
Published: June 2022

This paper highlights different ways of agriculture farming emphasizing food security in order to improve the livelihood of rural people in Nepal as a fundamental aspect of rural development. Italso reviews briefly the methods of farming going on in Nepal and also provides different types of impacts it has. It’s been found that a more dependent population is just engaged the agriculture for their households’ needs only and they are required to be motivated to engage in intensive agriculture. As all the regions of Nepal are having their own scheme of production, not much attention is given to food security. Food security programs incorporating local skills and agriculture inputs for higher productivity are important in order to improve the livelihood of rural people. The growing urgency of organic products can minimize the gaps between rural and urban areas from health, economic and socio-cultural perspectives.
Misinterpretation and Misrepresentation of Women’s rights in Islam: An Islamic feminist study of Malala’s I Am Malala
Authors: Seharish Seharish
Published: June 2022

It is a widely accepted fact that women around the world have been subjugated, dominated and denied their rights in one way or another. But Muslim women in particular have been walking on a double-edged sword of Modernism and Islam. Some Islamic scholars have come to terms to a new branch of feminism: Islamic feminism. Many activists have worked for the rights of women within the frame work of Islam. One such voice is that of Nobel peace laureate Malala Yousafzai.
IN PULMONARY EMBOLISM AN INTERPRETATION OF SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, TROPONIN (AND OTHER IMPORTANT PARAMETERS) DEPENDS ON THEIR PREVIOUS VALUES AND COMORBIDITIES
Authors: Koraćević Goran , Đorđević Milan
Published: June 2022

We reviewed several important parameters in pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and showed how not only absolute values but also relative are relevant in clinical practice. The vast majority of parameters depend both on previous values and co-morbidities; failure to realize this can result in misclassification of a patient and inappropriate treatment. For example, the absolute value of systolic blood pressure (BP) less than 90 mmHg is crucial for urgent treatment (e.g. thrombolysis); obviously, the same admission systolic BP (sBP) of 87 mmHg may not have the same significance if previous usual sBP was also 87 mmHg or it was 220 mmHg. Moreover, cardiac troponin is also very important for the risk stratification; the same troponin concentration ought not to be interpreted equally if it is due to acute pulmonary thromboembolism or if it is chronic and due to e.g. renal failure. The interpretation of important dichotomous parameters (normal or pathologic values) in PTE does depend on previous values (if available) and co-morbidities. This principle should be recognized and used in clinical practice, while risk-stratifying patients.
Aislamiento e identificación de Trichophyton verrucosum en bovinos en el centro de México
Authors: Segundo Zaragoza Carolina , Cervantes Olivares Roberto Arnulfo , Posadas Manzano Eduardo , Chavéz Gris Gilberto , Maldonado Castro Edith , Páez Trejo Allan Arturo , Sastré Calderón Nicolás
Published: June 2022

Descripción de los casos. Se estudiaron 23 muestras de pelos y escamas de ganado bovino Limousin, Holstein y brangus con lesiones sugestivas a dermatomicosis, en las que se identificó T. verrucosum. Las muestras con lesiones se recolectaron de tres sitios: Tequisquiapan, Puebla y la Ciudad de México.Hallazgos clínicos e interpretación. Los animales presentaron lesiones alopécicas, circulares y con prurito en ojos, cara, cuello y dorso. La evolución y las características de las lesiones fueron compatibles con hongos dermatofitos.Tratamiento y evolución. Las lesiones de los animales de Tequisquiapan se lavaron con agua y jabón, se les aplicó una solución yodada, vitaminas a, d y e, y difenhidraina. Mientras las de los bovinos de Puebla y la Cd. de México se lavaron con una mezcla de ácidos orgánicos, biocidas orgánicos, compuestos peroxigenados y surfactantes, y se les aplicaron vitaminas a, d y e. Todos los animales mejoraron a los 20 días del tratamiento.Pruebas de laboratorio. A las muestras clínicas se les observó directamente con hidróxido de potasio (koh) y se les cultivó en agar dextrosa y agar Mycosel adicionado con tiamina. La identificación de T. verrucosum se confirmó por la observación de microconidios, macroconidios y cadenas de clamidoconidios. El estudio histopatológico se realizó con la piel de las lesiones, se tiñeron los cortes con hematoxilina-eosina (he) y ácido peryódico de Schift (pas).Relevancia clínica. La dermatomicosis es una micosis de carácter zoonótico, lo que representa un importante problema de salud pública y animal, debido al riesgo de contagio de animales sanos y del personal involucrado en su atención y manejo.
Onion Weed Classification System through Deep Learning
Authors: Navale Nilesh Dagadu , Nagare Ravindra Babasaheb , Khakale Pravin Babasaheb , Gavhane Shubham Bapurao
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Agriculture is one of the most essential and highly critical aspects of human survival on Earth. Farming allows for creating large stockpiles of food that can feed and nourish the population effectively. India is largely based on farming and other consumable products that are even exported to the rest of world. This makes agriculture and important part of the Indian subcontinent as it allows for an effective growth and provides nourishment to the nation as well as the dependent countries. The main problems associated with the detection of presence of weed in the farm is usually done manually and takes a lot of the farmer’s time and energy and can be almost impossible for a single farmer if the farm is large. This takes up a lot of labor time which can be used for other and more important tasks. The improvement in the technology can be implemented to improve weed detection and identification. Therefore, for providing a solution for this problem this approach proposes an effective and useful mechanism for weed classification using Convolutional Neural Networks along with Decision Making. The approach has been evaluated effectively through experimentation which has been crucial in the realization of the performance of the methodology. Keywords: Open CV, Convolutional Neural Network, Decision Making.
An Emerging Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Employment and Organisations in the Industrial Working Environment
Authors: K R Dr. Vineetha , M Midhila
Published: June 2022

Abstract: In manufacturing enterprises, AI applications such as robots, automation, and intelligent support are becoming drivers of a wide-ranging change process that affects not only the employment of algorithms but also people and organizations. Automation and algorithmisation will have a long-term impact on the workplace, affecting all value-added activities from operational manufacturing to skilled work and management. AI is intended to function independently, support people through assistance systems, use resources more effectively, make processes more environmentally friendly, and enable new working models with direct participation and greater transparency, thanks to its learning capabilities. It should boost productivity, improve customer satisfaction, and make work easier and more enjoyable. According to recent study, the success of digitalisation is determined less by technology and investment and more by the openness of employees and executives along with a supporting organisational structure and culture. The impact of AI on jobs is debatable. It should lead to more stable and challenging careers, as well as physical and cognitive respite and a better work-life balance. However, there are concerns about job losses, disqualification, increasing digital system autonomy, and enhanced employee control potential. According to the findings, one robot has replaced on average two workers in the industry, while two new jobs have been generated outside the business. Reorganization of management, cooperation, co-determination, qualification, and a high level of knowledge exchange are all required for AI implementation. To be able to respond to new complicity and dynamics, digital change necessitates flexible and agile organisational structures with flatter hierarchies. Future participatory leadership will act flexibly within self-organizing networks of interdisciplinary, democratically created teams. Coaches and moderators are how executives see themselves. Based on a comprehensive literature study, this research explores the effects of using AI in industrial businesses. Effects on employment, organization structure, and culture will be given special consideration. Examples of best practices for AI applications in industrial companies will also be looked at. According to the India Express, artificial intelligence will bring nearly 20 million employment by 2025. These figures reflect the positive response and newest technological advancements in every discipline. Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), working environments, leadership, organization
Computer Forensic in Image Steganography
Authors: Mara Dr. Sudheer. S , R Krishnendhu , L Ashish
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The advancement of strong imaging tools, modifying photographs to change their data content is becoming a common task. In the computer forensic world, adding, erasing, or copying/moving image data without leaving a trace or unable to be discovered by the inquiry is a problem. The security of information exchanged over the Internet, such as photos and other confidential data, is critical. The goal of today's forensic Image investigation tools and methodologies is to uncover the tempering strategies and restore trust in digital media's trustworthiness. The difficulties of detecting steganography in computer forensics are investigated in this paper. These issues were investigated using open source software. The experiment focuses on steganography applications that employ the same methods to obsure and secure. Keywords: Image steganography, LSB steganography, LSB Spatial Algorithm, steganoanalysis