bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal and exergetic investigation of a solar dish collector operating with mono and hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Pavlovic Sasa , Bellos Evangelos , Stefanovic Velimir , Djordjevic Milan , Vasiljevic Darko
Published: January 2019

The use of solar dish thermal collectors is a promising choice for designing
sustainable energy systems. The use of nanofluids is a new way for enhancing
the thermal performance of solar collectors because of their improved thermal
properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the use of mono and
hybrid nanofluids in a solar dish collector in order to determine which kind
of nanofluids leads to higher performance enhancements. The analysis is
conducted with a developed thermal model in Engineering Equation Solver and
the collector is studied thermally and exergetically. The examined hybrid
nanofluid has as base fluid syltherm 800 with 1% Cu and 1% TiO2. Moreover,
the examined mono nanofluids are the syltherm 800 with 2% Cu and syltherm 800
with 2% TiO2. The investigated solar dish collector has a spiral absorber and
it is examined for inlet temperatures from 25?C up to 300?C with a flow rate
of 200 L/h. According to the final results, the use of hybrid nanofluid leads
to higher thermal efficiency enhancement compared to the mono nanofluids
because of the higher increase in the Nusselt number in the flow. More
specifically, the use of the hybrid nanofluids leads to 0.99% mean thermal
efficiency enhancement compared to the pure oil case, while the use of Oil/Cu
and Oil/TiO2 lead to 0.42% and to 0.56% mean thermal efficiency enhancement,
respectively. Moreover, the exergy efficiency is found enhanced with the use
of all nanofluids. The mean exergy efficiency enhancement is 1.21% with the
hybrid nanofluid, while it is 0.73% with Oil/TiO2 and 0.53% with Oil/Cu.
Analysis and modeling of the effects of process parameters on specific cutting energy in abrasive water jet cutting
Authors: Jankovic Predrag , Madic Milos , Petkovic Dusan , Radovanovic Miroslav
Published: January 2019

The problem of cutting difficult-to-machine materials used in the aerospace
industry, aircraft industry, and automobile industry, led to the
development and application one of today?s most attractive technology for
contour cutting - abrasive water jet cutting. For the efficient use of
abrasive water jet cutting, it is of great importance to analyze the impact
of process parameters on performance indicators, such as cutting quality,
productivity, and costs. But also, from the energy utilization point of
view, it is very important to analyze the impact of these parameters on the
specific cutting energy which represents the amount of energy spent on the
removal of material in the unit time. Having this in mind, this study
presents the experimental results of abrasive water jet cutting of aluminum
alloy with the aim of creating a mathematical model for estimating specific
cutting energy as an important indicator of the degree of utilization of
the available energy in the cutting process. The mathematical model of the
specific cutting energy is explicitly represented as a non-linear function
of the process parameters, obtained by the artificial neural network.
Impact of orientation and building envelope characteristics on energy consumption case study of office building in city of Nis
Authors: Vasov Miomir , Stevanovic Jelena , Bogdanovic Veliborka , Ignjatovic Marko , Randjelovic Dusan
Published: January 2019

Buildings are one of the biggest energy consumers in urban environments, so
its efficient use represents a constant challenge. In public objects and
households, a large part of the energy is used for heating and cooling. The
orientation of the object, as well as the overall heat transfer coefficient
(U-value) of transparent and non-transparent parts of the envelope, can have
a significant impact on building energy needs. In this paper, analysis of the
influence of different orientations, U-values of envelope elements, and size
of windows on annual heating and cooling energy for an office building in
city of Nis, Serbia, is presented. Model of the building was made in the
Google SketchUp software, while the results of energy performance were
obtained using EnergyPlus and jEplus, taking into ac-count the parameters of
thermal comfort and climatic data for the area of city of Nis. Obtained
results showed that, for varied parameters, the maximum difference in annual
heating energy is 15129.4 kWh, i. e per m2 27.75 kWh/m2, while the maximum
difference in annual cooling energy is 14356.1 kWh, i. e per m2 26.33 kWh/m2.
Considering that differences in energy consumption are significant, analysis
of these parameters in the early stage of design process can affect on
increase of building energy efficiency.
Techno-economic optimization of configuration and capacity of a polygeneration system for the energy demands of a public swimming pool building
Authors: Mancic Marko , Zivkovic Dragoljub , Djordjevic Milan , Jovanovic Milena , Rajic Milena , Mitrovic Dejan
Published: January 2019

A polygeneration system is an energy system capable of providing multiple
energy outputs to meet local demands, by application of high process
integration. In this paper, optimal configuration and capacity of a
polygeneration system for an indoor swimming pool building is determined by
application of a method based on TRNSYS simulation and GenOpt optimization
software. Based on the applicability, a superstructure of the polygeneration
system is integrated, consisting of the following polygeneration modules: an
internal combustion engine cogeneration module, a vapor compression chiller,
and adsorption chiller, a ground source heat pump, flat plate solar thermal
collectors, photovoltaic collectors, and heat storage. Annual behavior of
energy loads of the public swimming pool building during a typical
meteorological year and the polygeneration system are modeled and simulated
using TRNSYS software, whereas techno-economic optimization is performed by
GenOpt optimization. The results indicated the optimal con-figuration of the
polygeneration system for the modelled energy demands, as well as the optimal
capacity of the polygeneration modules, thus defining the optimal capacity of
the polygeneration system for the energy demands of the public swimming pool
building.
Flow and heat transfer of three immiscible fluids in the presence of electric and inclined magnetic field
Authors: Stamenkovic Zivojin , Kocic Milos , Petrovic Jelena , Nikodijevic Milica
Published: January 2019

The MHD flow of three immiscible fluids in a horizontal channel with
isothermal walls in the presence of an applied electric and inclined magnetic
field has been investigated in the paper. All three fluids are electrically
conducting, while the channel plates are electrically insulated. The general
equations that describe the discussed problem under the adopted assumptions
are reduced to ODE and closed-form solutions are obtained in three fluid
regions of the channel. Separate solutions with appropriate boundary and
interface conditions for each fluid have been determined. The analytical
results for various values of the Hartmann number, magnetic field inclination
angle, ratio of fluid viscosities, and electrical conductivities have been
presented graphically to show their effect on the flow and heat transfer
characteristics.
Exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam boiler
Authors: Mitrovic Dejan , Stojanovic Branislav , Janevski Jelena , Ignjatovic Marko , Vuckovic Goran
Published: January 2019

Relying on coal as primary fuel in thermal power plants represents an
unsustainable concept due to limited coal reserves and a negative
environmental impact. Efficient utilization of coal reserves and a request
for minimization of irreversibilities are imperative for thermal power
plants operation. Numerous studies have shown that a steam boiler is a
thermal power plant component with the highest irreversibility. The idea of
this paper is to quantify the amounts and sources of irreversibilities
within a steam boiler and its components, serving a 348.5MWe thermal power
plant. Having this in mind, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam
boiler is presented in this paper. Exergy destruction and exergy efficiency
of all boiler components and of the boiler as a whole were calculated.
Based on exergy flows and economic parameters (cost of the boiler, annual
operation hours of the unit, maintenance factor, interest rate, operating
period of the boiler), exergy analysis resulted in the cost of produced
steam. The obtained results show that the boiler exergy efficiency is at
47.4%, with the largest exergy destruction occurring in the combustion
chamber with a value of 288.07 MW (60.04%), and the smallest in the air
heater with a value of 4.57 MW (0.95%). The cost of produced steam is
calculated at 49,356.7 $/h by applying exergoeconomic analysis.
Asian Countries and Arctic Shipping: Policies, Interests and Footprints on Governance
Authors: Moe Arild , Stokke Olav Schram
Published: January 2019

Most studies of Asian state involvement in Arctic affairs assume that shorter sea-lanes to Europe are a major driver of interest, so this article begins by examining the prominence of shipping concerns in Arctic policy statements made by major Asian states. Using a bottom-up approach, we consider the advantages of Arctic sea routes over the Suez and Panama alternatives in light of the political, bureaucratic and economic conditions surrounding shipping and shipbuilding in China, Japan and the Republic of Korea. Especially Japanese and Korean policy documents indicate soberness rather than optimism concerning Arctic sea routes, noting the remaining limitations and the need for in-depth feasibility studies. That policymakers show greater caution than analysts, links in with our second finding: in Japan and Korea, maritime-sector bureaucracies responsible for industries with Arctic experience have been closely involved in policy development, more so than in China. Thirdly, we find a clear tendency towards rising industry-level caution and restraint in all three countries, reflecting financial difficulties in several major companies as well as growing sensitivity to the economic and political risks associated with the Arctic routes. Finally, our examination of bilateral and multilateral Chinese, Japanese and Korean diplomatic activity concerning Arctic shipping exhibits a lower profile than indicated by earlier studies.
Consideraciones epistemológicas, psicológicas, sociológicas y pedagógicas de la educación en valores / Epistemological, psychological, sociological and pedagogical considerations of values education
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Luis Francisco
Published: January 2019

La educación en valores, constituye uno de los retos y desafíos que enfrentan hoy en día las instituciones de enseñanza públicas y privadas de México. La reforma educativa y la incorporación de nuevos modelos de aprendizaje que se vienen promoviendo y aplicando a nivel nacional e internacional, hacen necesario su instrucción entre los estudiantes universitarios con el fin de formar personas y profesionales íntegros, con conocimientos, habilidades, actitudes, destrezas y competencias al servicio de la sociedad. En la actualidad, la educación en valores es una necesidad que debe ser atendida tanto por los padres de familias como por las escuelas de todos los niveles para superar los problemas en el campo educativo, políticos, económicos y sociales. Que considere no sólo la divulgación de conocimientos teóricos-prácticos, sino también la instrucción de valores en los estudiantes.
The Correlation between Online Peer Review and Academic Writing Students’ Learning Styles
Authors: Aydawati Emilia Ninik , Rukmini Dwi , Bharati Dwi Anggani Linggar , Fitriati Sri Wuli
Published: January 2019

Peer review studies have been done for years. It has been found that by having these activities, learners will get benefits from the communication with the peer who can give them input to improve their writing performance. Peer review can be done face to face or online.  Face to face peer review is done synchronously where two students are having discussion on their essay, whereas online peer review can be done synchronously or asynchronously. This preliminary study investigates how the application of synchronous online peer review in Academic Writing class can be implemented to help them to do revision and improve their writing skills. The participants of this study is 50 students of academic writing class from two different class.  This is an experimental study where the students were treated to get peer review activities from the software which is uploaded in   web. They did the practice twice with the shuffled questions. This was aimed that they would be ready to give review.  Pre-test and post-test were conducted and Gracian questionnaire to know their learning styles was uploaded in the web for them to fill in order to know their learning styles. it was found out that there are some improvement and there is correlation between their academic skills and the learning styles.
Ora lunyu dalane mbok?: The Use of Phatic Expressions in Traditional Selling and Buying
Authors: Hadiati Chusni
Published: January 2019

Selling and buying as a social praxis is commonly found in daily activities. Traditional selling and buying is generally conducted in local language or dialect. Banyumas dialect or Banyumasan is a non-standard variation of Javanese language spoken along the Serayu River. Traditional selling and buying in Banyumas, consequently, is conducted in Banyumas dialect. Language plays important role in traditional selling and buying. In addition to its referential functions, phatic functions emerge from its practice. Referential functions are realized when language is used to achieve referential things such as goods and services. On the other hand, phatic functions are gained when language is used to initiate, maintain, and end a conversation. Phatic functions are very specific to traditional selling and buying which is rarely found in modern selling and buying. In modern selling and buying, seller and buyer may not be involved in a real conversation since goods exchange still occurs without any language exchange. This article proves the functions of phatic expressions in traditional selling and buying. It employs qualitative research method and conversational analysis to find the functions of phatic expressions. Based on the analysis, phatic expressions in traditional selling and buying in Banyumas dialect are mainly functioned for greeting, thanking, asking condition, showing surprise, emphasizing, and ending a conversation.
TRANSLATION AS IMPERIALISM: THE LAST OF THE MOHICANS
Authors: Wardoyo Subur
Published: January 2019

In this article translation is not only confined to the linguist, but also to all strategies that represent a language to another language. The way James Fenimore Cooper translated the Indian language to English in the novel The Last of The Mohicans shows a representation of ethnic harassment manipulation of language. Cooper's translation build up the suggestion that Indians can only communicate only like children. The Indians are portrayed to only communicate by playing with their voice, music, gesture, and using the third-person pronoun to exchange dor the first-person or second-person pronoun. This harassment is correlated with the policy of Indian removal at that era
CELIE: A PORTRAYAL OF AN AFRO-AMERICAN WOMAN'S REJECTION OF TRADITIONAL VALUES
Authors: Dukut Ekawati Marhaenny , Dhamayanti Nuki
Published: January 2019

The world of literature can be a medium of expressing the writer's expressions and ideas. Universal topics such as, love, death, and war often become subject mailers in the world of literature. In the novel, of The Color Purple. Alice Walker describes the oppression experienced by Afro American women in the female characters of Celie, Nellie, Shug Avery, Sofia, and Mary Agnes who faced sexual discrimina!ions in a patriarchal society. Womanhood, education, and lesbianism are factors that help the Afro American women to free themselves from traditional values. The Color Purple puts into words the process of its main character, Celie, who tries to reject and escape from the male domination of her world. The other Afro American women characters that help Celie to find her selfidentity represent the manifestation of the rejection of the traditional values. This article. which uses the socio-historical alld feminism approach. is intended to analyse the Afro-American women's rejection of traditional values by focusing on the major character of' Walker's The Color Purple. Celie. as she develops from being a victim of traditional values to the rejoiceful discovery of her selfidentity.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH PROVERBS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITING SKILL
Authors: Sudiran Sudiran
Published: January 2019

Writing ability plays all importallt role ill the students'

academic life. Students' activities cannot be separated from writing. They have to write projects. propose a research. write a research report. etc. Writing ability enables students to disseminate information and new findings. This study aims (1) to describe the use of English proverbs to enhance the students writing achievement. (2) to reveal students' competence to write a purposive paragraph. (3) to describe the students' response to the use of the English proverbs in writing skill. The result of the study shows that (1) English proverbs can be considered as statement containing moral values. English proverbs call be used as teaching aids in teaching writing. (2) English proverbs enable lecturers to

promote students' writing ability. This fact can be supported by the result of students' writing test that is 74.62. which can be

categorized into a good category, such as proposed by Hartfiel et. al's Learning ESL Composition. (3) Based on the students'

response, generally they have positive attitudes toward the use of English proverbs because it can help them to increase their writing ability. Moreover, English proverbs enable students to elaborate their ideas in writing a paragraph.
PENERAPAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V
Authors: Hapsari Dyana Indri , Airlanda Gamaliel Septian
Published: January 2019

Abstrak:Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika melalui implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yaitu project based learning (PjBL) pada peserta didik kelas 5. Model PjBL adalah model pembelajaran yang bersifat kontekstual dengan menggunakan proyek sebagai media sehingga diharapkan dapat merubah cara belajar peserta didik secara mandiri dengan meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan action research (penelitian tindakan kelas) yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Model pembelajaran ini  dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah; merancang pertanyaan yang mendasar, menyusun rencana membuat perencanaan proyek, menjalankan kegiatan proyek, memantau perkembangan proyek, membuat penilaian terhadap proyek, mengevaluasi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PjBL telah terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik sebesar 8% yaitu 75% ada siklus 1 dan meningkat 83% pada siklus 2. Oleh karena itu, project based learning disarankan untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika.Abstract:This study aims to improve the motivation to learn mathematics through the application of project based learning (PjBL) models for the fifth grade students. The PjBL learning model is a contextual learning model using projects as media so that it is expected to change the way students learn independently by increasing the learning motivation and creativity of students. This research is an action research which consists of two cycles. The results showed that the PjBL learning model was carried out by steps; a) find basic questions, b) compile project plans, c) compile and carry out project activities, d) monitor project progress, e) assess project outcomes, f) evaluate experience. In this study it was found that the PjBL model has been shown to increase mathematics learning motivation by 8%, 75% in cycle 1 and increased 83% in cycle 2. Based on the results of the study, the implementation of project based learning can increase motivation to learn mathematics. Therefore, project based learning is recommended to be applied in mathematics learning.
PERBANDINGAN PELAKSANAAN EUTHANASIA DI NEGARA YANG MENGANUT SISTEM HUKUM EROPA KONTINENTAL DAN SISTEM HUKUM ANGLO SAXON
Authors: Amiruddin Muh.
Published: January 2019

The country that adheres to the continental european legal system of Indonesia that regulate euthanasia is contained in the provisions of Article 344 of the Criminal Code while Netherlands The provisions are contained in the code penal section 40 and Article 293 of the Dutch Criminal. Code anglo saxon like USA hardness of euthanasia. this is based on a court decision in USA that rejects the application of euthanasia as a jurisprudence. Indonesia does not Regulate clearly about the enactment of euthanasia. Netherlands legalize Euthanasia, while State with Anglo Saxon Law system, does not legalize EuthanasiaKeywords: Euthanasia, Continental European Legal System, Anglo Saxon Legal System Negara yang menganut sistem hukum eropa kontinental yaitu Indonesia yang mengatur tentang Euthanasia yaitu termuat dalam ketentuan pasal 344 KUHP sementara di Belanda ketentuan ini dimuat dalam code penal section 40 dan pasal 293 KUHP Belanda. Sistem hukum Anglo saxon seperti Amerika Serikat melarang keras adanya euthanasia. hal ini didasarkan adanya putusan pengadilan di Amerika Serikat yang menolak penerapan euthanasia sebagai sebuah yurisprudensi. Indonesia tidak Mengatur secara jelas tentang pemberlakuan euthanasia. Belanda melegalkan Euthanasia, sedangkan negara dengan sistem Hukum Anglo Saxon tidak melegalkan EuthanasiaKata Kunci: Euthanasia, Sistem Hukum Eropa Kontinental, Sistem Hukum Anglo Saxon
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA UTANG PAJAK PADA PENGADILAN PAJAK
Authors: Nurjannah St
Published: January 2019

The dispute over the tax debt begins and the difference of opinion between the taxpayer and the Fiskus. Then the Taxpayer concerned filed his objection. In submitting such dissent and objection must be done by the Taxpayer in writing as a proof of evidence for subsequent verification efforts to the Tax Court by Appeals mechanism or Claim for the outstanding tax bills. Before applying for the Taxpayer's appeal must first check the decision and appeal of the appeal requirement and the claim on the outstanding tax invoice.Keywords: Tax Debt Disputes, Tax Court Sengketa utang pajak  berawal dan  perbedaan pendapat  antara Wajib  pajak  dan  Fiskus.  Kemudian  Wajib  Pajak  yang  bersangkutan mengajukan  keberatannya.  Dalam  penyampaian  perbedaan  pendapat  dan keberatan  dimaksud haruslah  dilakukan  oleh  Wajib  Pajak  secara  tertulis sebagai sarana bukti bagi upaya pembuktian selanjutnya kepada Pengadilan Pajak dengan mekanisme Banding atau Gugatan atas tagihan  Pajak  terutang.  Sebelum  mengajukan  banding  Wajib  Pajak haruslah  memeriksa  lebih  dahulu  keputusan  dan keberatan persyaratan  banding dan gugatan  atas tagihan pajak terutang.Kata kunci : Sengketa Utang Pajak, Pengadilan Pajak
Lying and the First Amendment
Authors: Halper Thomas
Published: January 2019

The first amendment does not protect all speech. Should it protect lies? Some argue that the state should intervene to prevent and punish lying because the people are insufficiently rational (they are too emotional, and, therefore vulnerable) or excessively rational (they find it too costly to investigate claims and are, therefore, vulnerable). Others retort that state officials are not neutral or objective, but have their own interests to advance and protect, and, therefore, cannot be trusted. Though certain kinds of lying, like fraud and perjury, are clearly not protected speech, courts have recently seemed sympathetic to the view that the proper response to lying is not government action, but the workings of the marketplace of ideas. The distinguished economist, Ronald Coase, has taken this argument much farther, applying it to commercial speech, but thus far his views have not prevailed.
Als De Koppen Van De Leviathan
Authors: Sarot Marcel
Published: January 2019

In this article I discuss the concept of evil. I begin by showing that the concept of evil is not religiously neutral. Here, I will discuss the Western view of evil, influenced by Judaism and Christianity. Subsequently, I discuss Leibniz’s classic distinction between three forms of evil - metaphysical, physical and moral - and introduce the categories of natural and non-moral evil. Next, I show that one and the same event may be good in one respect and evil in another. Thus, the passion of Christ is a physical evil when we look at the suffering undergone, a moral evil when we look at the act of those who inflict it on Him, and a moral good when we look at the act of Christ: He gives His life for His friends. This I call the ambiguity of evil. Finally, I discuss two views on the origin of evil: dualism and the view of evil as a privation of a good that should be there, and argue in favour of the second.
MANGNGADE: CIRI TRADISI MEGALITIK DI DESA WANUAWARU, MALLAWA, MAROS
Authors: Saiful Andi Muhammad
Published: January 2019

Mangngade or ‘performing custom’ is a common activity in Wanuawaru Village, Mallawa District, Maros Regency, which is conducted in December and January. The problem in this research is how Wanuawaru villagers doing it and how position Manggade to Wanuawaru Villagers. There are three stages during the Mangngade procession namely visiting salo, gathering in Saoraja, and gathering in Bulu Posso. In Mangngade, the community performs prayers related to agriculture to avoid natural disasters, to beg for peace, safety, and success of personal life. The methods of data collection are ethnographic method and archaeological data recording. The results of data recording are then analyzed using concept in megalithic culture. Based on those data, it is finally concluded that Mangngade is the character of a megalithic tradition that is still carried out by the Wanuawaru villagers from generation to generation for confession about their community.Mangngade atau ‘menjalankan adat’ merupakan kegiatan masyarakat di Desa Wanuawaru, Kecamatan Mallawa, Kabupaten Maros, yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember dan Januari. Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimana proses acara Mangngade dan kedudukannya dalam masyarakat Desa Wanuawaru. Terdapat tiga tahap saat prosesi Mangngade, yaitu mengunjungi salo, berkumpul di Saoraja, dan berkumpul di Bulu Posso. Dalam Mangngade, masyarakat melakukan doa-doa yang berkaitan dengan pertanian, terhindar dari bencana alam, kedamaian, keselamatan dan kesuksesan kehidupan pribadi. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu, metode etnografi dan perekaman data arkeologi. Hasil perekaman data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan konsep dalam kebudayaan megalitik. Berdasarkan data tersebut akhirnya disimpulkan bahwa Mangngade merupakan ciri tradisi megalitik yang masih dijalankan masyarakat Desa Wanuawaru secara turun temurun dari leluhurnya dalam membangun pengakuan keberadaan kelompoknya.
Manajemen Kinerja Balanced Scorecard Untuk Koperasi Dan UMKM
Authors: Augustinah Fedianty
Published: January 2019

Salah satu bagian manajemen yang paling penting dalam suatu organisasi adalah manajemen sumber daya manusia. Salah satu metode yang dapat dipergunakan dalam mengukur dan mengelola sumber daya manusianya adalah Balance Scorecard. Konsep Balance Scorecard dikembangkan oleh Robert S. Kaplan dan David P. Norton yang berawal dari studi tentang pengukuran kinerja di sektor bisnis pada tahun 1990.Tiga pilar ekonomi nasional yaitu Badan Usaha Milik Negara ( BUMN ), swasta dan koperasi berupaya melakukan usaha seperti di sektor jasa keuangan maupun pembiayaan untuk membantu serta memfasilitasi masyarakat dan sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah ( UMKM ). Sesuai UU No. 20 Tahun 2008, bahwa sektor UMKM perlu diberdayakan sebagai bagian integral ekonomi rakyat agar mampu tumbuh dan berkembang agar menjadi usaha yang tangguh dan mandiri sehingga masing-masing badan usaha tersebut berkompetisi dalam penyaluran dananya untuk membantu sektor  UMKM maupun masyarakat.Kata Kunci : Balance, Scorecard, Koperasi dan UMKM
Triplex hybridization of siRNA with bifacial glycopolymer nucleic acid enables hepatocyte targeted silencing
Authors: Xia Xin , zhou zhun , desantis chris , Rossi John , Bong Dennis
Published: January 2019

In this manuscript, we demonstrate the utility of polyacrylates modified with both an artificial base-triple and a sugar (GalNAc) to serve as an siRNA packaging and delivery platform to hepatocytes in culture and in vivo (mice). This work is based upon our previously published finding that base-triple modified polyacrylates can triplex hybridize with oligo T/U DNA/RNA and deliver luciferase-targeted siRNA to HeLa cells engineered to express luciferase (JACS 2015). Herein, we expand on the scope of this work by employing a well-established liver-targeting ligand (GalNAc) to silence an endogenous human target, ApoB, the primary protein component of low density lipoprotein. Our platform was found to be effective in both hepatocyte (HepG2) cell culture as well as in an animal model of cardiac disease that features elevated ApoB levels. This manuscript thus validates the use of a synthetic platform that is designed to integrate both packaging via triplex hybridization with tissue-targeting ligand display. This enabling method could be useful as a new, convenient siRNA platform that accessible through scalable synthesis. Further, this platform would improve the efficiency of screening siRNA sequences for silencing efficacy using the identical glycopolymer carrier, thus alleviating the need for covalent ligand modification of each RNA substrate as typical for competing technologies.
Supramolecular Organization and Evaporation of Polymeric Tin Trifluoroacetates
Authors: Bacic Goran , Rankine Conor D. , Masuda Jason D. , Wann Derek A. , Barry Sean
Published: January 2019

Simple tin carboxylates make up a family of important industrial catalysts and precursors for deposition of SnO2 thin films. However, their structures remain disparately characterized, and tin trifluoroacetates have been particularly elusive. Here we report on a combined X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas phase electron diffraction (GED) and density functional theory (DFT) study into the structure and bonding of tin(II) and tin(IV) trifluoroacetates to understand their influence on thermal stability and volatility. Tin(II) bis(trifluoroacetate) (1′) eliminates trifluoroacetic anhydride upon sublimation to form the linear polymeric hexatin(II)-di-μ -oxy-octakis-μ-trifluoroacetate (1F ), which itself sublimes (1 Torr at 191 C) as a 1:1 mixture of 1 and ditin(II)-μ-oxy-bis-μ-trifluoroacetate (1′′). Tin(IV) tetrakis(trifluoroacetate) (2F) is also polymeric in the solid state, but evaporates as a monomer at low temperatures (1 Torr at 84 ◦C). Together they make a family of multifunctional Lewis acidic and basic building blocks for supramolecular organization of clusters and polymers in the solid state. Anomalous trends in the volatility of these trifluoroacetates and their hydrogenated derivatives can be rationalized by consideration of their modes of polymerization with respect to the thermodynamics of evaporation. Both 1F and 2F combine high thermal stability and volatility, and are demonstrated to be complementary, safe, and green potential precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) of earth-abundant transparent conducting F-doped SnO2.
Use of riboflavinum and magnesium citrate in obstetrics and gynecology
Authors: Gromova O A , Torshin I Yu , Tetruashvili N K
Published: January 2019

Low provision of cells with vitamin B2 and magnesium leads to a decrease in the activity of the sirtuin-1 deacetylase and an increase in the activity of the pro-inflammatory factor NF-kB, a decrease in the levels of glutathione, an increase in the levels of homocysteine, thrombus formation, the activity of mitochondria, the development of migraine, convulsions and miscarriage. The role of riboflavin in the regulation of the folate cycle in the genotype MTHFR 677TT for the prevention of folatresistant fetal malformations, the advantages of an aqueous solution of riboflavin and magnesium citrate is considered. The data on titanium dioxide, which increases the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, G-CSF, CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-4, are presented.
30例微创技术在创伤骨科临床应用中的疗效观察
Authors: 付 建 , 英 王 , 沈 宏达
Published: January 2019

观察微创技术在创伤骨科中的应用效果，探讨其在创伤骨科临床治疗中的价值。 选取我院在 2017 年 1 月～2017年 12 月期间收治的创伤骨科患者 60 例，随机均分为观察组与对照组，每组 30 例。对照组患者采取常规治疗方法，观察组患者则给予微创技术下的治疗手段。在治疗结束后，对两组患者的临床治疗效果进行对比，观察各项指标之间的差异。 观察组患者的治疗总有效率为 96.67%（29/30），对照组患者的治疗总有效率为 80.00%（24/30），P约0.05；观察组患者的伤口愈合时间为（18.57依0.31）d，对照组患者的伤口愈合时间为（34.81依0.54）d，P＜0.05；观察组患者的术中出血量明显少于对照组患者，P＜0.05。 与常规手术治疗相比，微创技术的应用能够有效提高治疗的总有效率，缩短伤口愈合的时间，并降低术中出血量以及患者的疼痛程度。
探讨安宁疗护与传统护理在老年慢性非传染性疾病患者护理中的差异性
Authors: 张 慧
Published: January 2019

目的：探讨并比较分析安宁疗护与传统护理在老年慢性非传染性疾病患者护理中的差异性。方法：本研究于2016年3月～2018年3月在我院接受治疗的104例患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法，依据不同的治疗方法，随机将其分为A组和B组，每组各52例。其中，B组采用的是传统护理方式，A组采用的是安宁疗护，对两组患者的护理满意度、焦虑评分（SAS）、抑郁评分（SDS）以及护理人员的护理质量进行评价。结果：在护理满意度方面，A组为96.15%，B组为78.57%，A组显著高于B组（P＜0.05）；干预后，在SAS评分方面，B组评分为（45.55±3.36），A组评分为（37.74±3.32），A组评分低于B组评分（P＜0.05）；在SDS评分方面，B组评分为（39.37±3.32），A组评分为（34.52±3.21），A组评分低于B组评分（P＜0.05）。与实施前相比，在基本知识、沟通技巧、服务意识、科研水平以及团队精神方面，A组和B组实施后的各项指标评分均高于实施前（P＜0.05）。实施后，A组患者的各项指标评分均高于B组（P＜0.05）。结论：在临床护理中，应用安宁疗护，其在护理满意度提高方面，在改善患者不良情绪方面以及在提高医护人员专业水平方面均具有重要的作用，值得推广。
乳腺影像报告和数据系统在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值
Authors: 韩 洪军
Published: January 2019

目的：探究乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值。方法：抽取一个阶段内参与乳腺癌筛查活动的5000人受检人员作为研究对象，5000人均行乳腺X线及乳腺超声检查，所获图像依据BI-RADS标准进行评估分类。结果：本组5000受检人员，0类5人，所占比例0.1%；1类3100人，所占比例62.00%；2类1704人，所占比例34.08%；3类152人，所占比例3.04%；4类37人，其中4A类26人，4B类7人，4C类4人；所占比例0.74%；5类2人，所占比例0.04%。对3～5类阳性检出的191人的病变行了活检，病理诊断结果显示出恶性病变11个，良性病变180个；5类恶性2例，BI-RADS评估100.00%；4C类恶性3例，BI-RADS评估75.00%；4B类恶性3例，BI-RADS 42.85%；4A类恶性2例，BI-RADS评估7.69%；3类恶性1例BI-RADS评估0.65%。结论：乳腺癌早期多不存在明显临床体征，比较容易受到忽视，为此，开展乳腺癌筛查项目具有其必要性，而在筛查项目中应用乳腺影像报告和数据系统，能够促使乳腺X线报告更为规范，对于乳腺检查随访监测具有积极作用。
石破天惊：中药治愈癌症的临床结论
Authors: 刘 文星 , 孙 顺新
Published: January 2019

在西医体系内，癌症被视为绝症，这一结论的得出是出于西医治疗方式的无奈，而这种无奈又源于方向性的错误，即主观地采取简单粗暴且极具破坏性的治疗措施——手术放化疗，并且缺乏整体洞察和人文内涵。但对中医来说则完全不同，而且癌症也从来就不是绝症，只是中医药的效能一直被埋没而已。
Entrevista a Emilio Tuñón. La anatomía de las cuestiones primitivas
Authors: Pérez Herreras Javier , Pereda Iglesias Carlos
Published: January 2019

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J. MARINA, E. MORÓN - Vacíos adjetivos. El espacio construido en la fotografía
Authors: Bergera Iñaki
Published: January 2019

Jesús Marina y Elena MorónVacíos adjetivos. El espacio construido en la fotografíaEdiciones Asimétricas, Madrid, 2017, 352 páginas. Idioma: castellano. 14,8 x 21 cm. Cubierta semirrígida (flexbinder), 24 €. ISBN: 978-84-946300-7-1
Konsep Intelegensi Manusia dalam Pemikiran al-Ghazali dan al-Farabi
Authors: Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2019

Al-Ghazali and Al-Farabi are both Muslim figures who have a concern for psychology, especially their thoughts about intelligence. The thoughts of both are interesting to discuss because they have almost the same background in the field of philosophy and Sufism so that the approach in this study is used comparative studies with the object of discussion focused on the thoughts of the two figures. Al-Ghazali and Al-Farabi were two great figures in the world of philosophy and Sufism, besides that they also discussed several psychological theories, especially regarding the theory of intelligence. The results of this study found that there were several similarities and differences regarding the intelligence theory of Al-Ghazali and Al-Farabi, among them, both of which assume that rational souls are the highest position, according to al-Ghazali the soul that occupies the highest level is rational soul (al-aql) which is only possessed by humans. whereas the reason in al-Farabi's philosophical thinking occupies a special place as the base of his epistemology, including the philosophy of metaphysics that is related to creation.
Dr. Jonas Basanavičius (1851–1927) and his nervous disease
Authors: Ulytė A. , Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė E.
Published: January 2019

Doctor Jonas Basanavičius (1851–1927) was the patriarch of the Lithuanian nation, activist in the Lithuanian national revival, a physician, politician, scholar, and editor of the first Lithuanian-language newspaper Auszra. In his autobiography “The Chronicle of My Life and the History of a Nervous Disease” (1851–1922), Basanavičius not only presented the realities of social, political, cultural and academic life of the second half of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth centuries in Lithuania and Europe but also depicted and analyzed symptoms of his nervous system disease. J. Basanavičius suffered from various episodic ailments – headache, insomnia, deafness, olfactory and gustatory impairments, cardiac arrhythmias, leg pain, paraesthesias, and urinary disorders which he attributed to neurasthenia. In this article we present Basanavičius’s complaints, symptoms, and diseases in chronological order. Medical terms, diagnoses and treatment methods are analyzed in the context of the described historical period and compared to how the terms are used today.
Insomnia: definition, pathophysiological models, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė E. , Masaitienė R.
Published: January 2019

Insomnia is defined as a disorder, characterized by recurrent difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep or waking up earlier than desired, associated with daytime symptoms which occur at least three times per week and are present for at least 3 months when the symptoms can not be explained by inadequate opportunities or poor circumstances for sleep or by an other sleep disorder. Diagnostic procedure for insomnia should include evaluation of sleep–wake behaviour and sleep history, as well as questions about somatic and mental disorders, anamnesis of medication and other substances used, physical examination, sleep questionnaires and sleep diaries, and additional measures. Sleep diaries or actigraphy can be used to evaluate sleep–wake schedules or circadian rhythm disorders. Polysomnography is recommended when other sleep disorders (periodic limb movement disorder, sleep apnea or narcolepsy) are suspected, also for treatment-resistant insomnia. Cognitive behavioural therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia in adults of any age. A pharmacological intervention can be offered if cognitive behavioural therapy is not effective or not available. Benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonists are effective for short-term treatment of insomnia. Long-term treatment of insomnia with benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonists is not recommended. Sedating antidepressants are effective for short-term insomnia treatment. Antihistaminics and antipsychotics are not recommended for insomnia treatment because of insufficient evidence. Melatonin is not recommended for the treatment of insomnia because of low efficacy. Phytotherapeutics are not recommended for the treatment of insomnia because of poor evidence. Light therapy and exercise regimes may be useful as adjunct therapies. Acupuncture, aromatherapy, foot reflexology, homeopathy, meditative movement, moxibustion, and yoga are not recommended for the treatment of insomnia because of poor evidence.
Biopsychosocial evaluation of patients with multiple sclerosis using a short set of categories of the international classification of functioning, disability and health, and its relationship with working capacity
Authors: Valadkevičienė D. , Žukauskaitė I. , Jatužis D.
Published: January 2019

Background. During the recent decade, the working capacity of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in many countries is determined by International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) based on biopsychosocial view. It not only identifies the condition of health of patients, but also suggests measures to improve their inclusion into society. However, in Lithuania, the ICF principles for determining the level of working capacity are applied in a fragmentary way, and more often the biological-physical parameters of a person’s health status are used. Thus, the establishment of relationship between ICF and working capacity level would create assumptions to legitimize the use of this classification that subsequently would contribute to the well-being of people with MS. The aim of this research is to carry out a comprehensive biopsychosocial assessment of Lithuanian MS patients and to determine how their level of working capacity is related to the results of various categories of ICF.Subjects and methods. The cross-sectional study involved 184 people with MS including 157 people who had applied to the Disability and Working Capacity Assessment Office under the Ministry of Social Security and Labour of the Republic of Lithuania (DWCAO) to determine their working capacity level and 27 people with MS who hadn’t yet applied to DWCAO. The subjects were interviewed using a brief ICF core set for MS; sociodemographic and disease data were also collected.Results. 66% of patients with MS reported that they had a complete difficulty of moving around by means other than walking (ICF category d455), 32% – remunerative employment (d850). 81% of patients with MS had no difficulties in higher-level cognitive functions (b164), 63% in carrying out daily routine (d230), 57% – in solving problems (d175). 7–10% of patients faced negative attitudes of their family members or health care specialists and they considered it as a difficulty. Those with working capacity level of 0–25% faced higher difficulties in almost all ICF categories, compared to people with higher working capacity. MS patients with working capacity level of 30–40% had more difficulties of seeing, urination, muscle power functions, walking and moving around by means other than walking than MS patients with working capacity level of 45–55%; they also faced more difficulties in moving around functions and had a different brain structure than those with working capacity level of 60–100%.Conclusions. The value of ICF categories for assessment of the working capacity level of people with MS is different. The higher the level of person’s working capacity, the less restrictions patients with MS indicate in assessing ICF categories.
Permutability of the Sylow 2-subgroup with some biprimary subgroups
Authors: Bashun S. Y.
Published: January 2019

In this paper, the compositional structure of a finite group G is investigated, which has the Sylow 2-subgroup that is permutable with some non p-nilpotent biprimary subgroups, which contain the Sylow р-subgroup of G for all odd simple divisors of the р order of the group G, and such biprimary subgroups are taken one by one for each odd р, and mark the set SB(G). In this work, the existence of the subset SB(G)* in SB(G) is proved, which consists of р-closed subgroups. The main result of this paper is as follows: if the Sylow 2-subgroup of the group G is permutable with all subgroups SB(G)*, then G may have simple non-abelian compositional factors only of L2(7) type, if p > 3, and additionally of L2(3f) type, f = 3a, a ≥ 1, if p = 3.
Features and energy characteristics of special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves in hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Petrov N. S. , Kurilkina S. N. , Zimin A. B. , Belyi V. N.
Published: January 2019

In this paper, it is shown that under the conditions of total internal reflection of plane homogeneous electromagnetic waves at the interface of a hyperbolic metamaterial and an ordinary isotropic medium, special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves are excited in certain circumstances near the surface of the metamaterial and their amplitude changes with distance according to the non-exponential law. The existence conditions for such waves are established for the case when the optical axis is located within the interface plane and forms an angle with the plane of incidence. The energy flux and the energy density of special inhomogeneous waves in a hyperbolic metamaterial are determined.
New approach to treating chronic dystrophic cornea diseases
Authors: Semak G. R. , Lyudchik A. V. , Zherko I. Yu.
Published: January 2019

The efficiency of the treatment of dry eye disease patients with keratopathy at a subconjunctival injection of 1 % sodium hyaluronate was studied. This review describes the functions of hyaluronic acid depending on its molecular weight. The performed study shows the necessity of using the injection form of sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of patients with dry eye disease.
Structure and protective properties of epoxy-polyester powder coatings containing curing accelerator
Authors: Komar V. V. , Kulinich N. V. , Krutko N. P.
Published: January 2019

As a result of the study, the effect of curing accelerators (heterocyclic amine and zinc-containing accelerator) on the structure, physico-mechanical and protective properties of coatings based on powder epoxy-polyester compositions was established. The introduction of accelerators into the compositions affects the depth and speed of the curing process of film formers and provides the possibility to reduce the curing temperature. It has been established that the use of heterocyclic amine accelerator is more effective than a zinc-containing catalyst. For compositions containing heterocyclic amine, a decrease in gel time and an increase in the complex of physico-mechanical and protective characteristics of the coatings are observed, which were evaluated for the resistance of the coatings to the static action of a 3 % solution of sodium chloride. It is shown that changes in the protective properties of coatings, depending on the composition, correlate with the structural parameters of the polymer film and are due to the formation of the spatial structure of the polymer with different cross-link density. The use of mixtures of the investigated curing accelerators leads to an increase in the density of the polymer spatial network. This provides high protective properties of coatings to the action of aggressive electrolytes by reducing the permeability of corrosive media into the coating material. For 5000 hours of testing there are no pockets of corrosion under a film and no significant disruption of the continuity of the coatings (bubbles, peeling, wrinkling and cracking) in comparison with the basic compositions that do not contain accelerators.