bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОДНОС ДРУШТВА ПРЕМА ДЈЕЦИ СА ПОТЕШКОЋАМА У РАЗВОЈУ
Authors: Казимировић Ранка
Published: April 2022

Дјеца са потешкоћама у развоју сусрећу се, свакодневно, са многим изазовима и препрекама у друштву. Иако су често дискриминисани од стране околине, дјеца са потешкоћама у развоју непозната су за социјалне службе, на које имају право, па су стога искључена из њих. Овакве депривације могу имати далекосежне ефекте ограничавањем приступа запослењу које доноси приход, или судјеловању у грађанским пословима касније у животу. Многе депривације које трпе дјеца с тешкоћама у развоју потичу од њихове невидљивости и појачане су њоме. Истраживачка заједница ради на томе да више дјеце учини видљивом кроз унапређење прикупљања и анализе података. То ће помоћи да се надвладају незнање и дискриминација, усмјере средства и интервенције и измјере њихови ефекти. У овом раду покушаћемо да дамо кратак приказ о томе шта значи дијете са потешкоћама у развоју, о односу друштва према овој категорији дјеце, те која је улога социјалног рада у раду са овом групом корисника.
Application of Pedestrian Upstream Detection Strategy in a Mixed Flow Traffic Circumstance
Authors: YANG Zhen , MA Jianxiao , WANG Baojie , YAN Xingchen
Published: April 2022

Walking is an environment-friendly trip mode and can help ease the congestion caused by automobiles. Proper design of pedestrian facilities that promotes effi-ciency and safety can encourage more people to choose walking. Upstream detection (UD) strategy is proposed by previous studies to reduce pedestrian waiting time at mid-block crosswalk (MBC). This paper applied UD strategy to MBC under mixed traffic circumstance where the crosswalk serves both pedestrians and non-motor us-ers. Traffic data was collected from an MBC in the city of Nanjing, China. Simulation models were developed by using the VISSIM software and its add-on module Vehicle Actuated Programming (VAP). The models were catego-rised by the volume and composition of pedestrians and non-motor users. Models were simulated according to different experimental schemes to explore the effective-ness of the UD strategy under mixed traffic circumstance. T-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to interpret the simulation results. The main conclusions of this paper are that the UD strategy is still effective at the MBC with a mixed traffic circumstance despite the pro-portion of non-motor users. However, as the proportion of non-motor users becomes higher, the average delay of pedestrians and non-motor users will increase compared to pure pedestrian flow.
A Literature Review of Studies Analysing Air Transport Service Quality from the Passengers’ Point of View
Authors: EBOLI Laura , BELLIZZI Maria Grazia , MAZZULLA Gabriella
Published: April 2022

Evaluating air transport service quality is fundamen-tal to ensure acceptable quality standards for users and improve the services offered to passengers and tourists. In the transportation literature there is a wide range of studies about the evaluation of public transport service quality based on passengers’ perceptions; however, more recently, the evaluation of air transport service quality is becoming a relevant issue. Evaluating service quality in air transport sector represents a more stimulating chal-lenge, given the complexity of air transport system in re-gards to the other systems; in fact, air transport service is characterised by a great variety of service aspects relat-ing to services offered by the airlines and provided by the companies managing airports. The complexity of such a service requires a deep investigation on the methods adopted for collecting and analysing the data regarding passengers’ perceptions. We propose this paper just for treating these interesting aspects and to provide an ex-haustive literature review of the studies analysing ser-vice quality from the passengers’ point of view, where the opinions of the passengers are collected by the Customer Satisfaction Surveys (CSS). We decided to select papers published within the last decade (2010–2020) in journals indexed in important databases such as Scopus and WoS.
Characteristics of Precipitation Anomalies in Northeast China during the Summer of 2019
Authors: Xu Shiqi , Fu Shuai , Yang Xueyan , Jiang Xiaoling , Li Yufan , Liu Baixin
Published: March 2022

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the daily precipitation data of 237 meteorological stations in Northeast China (NEC), the characteristics of summer precipitation anomalies in 2019 are investigated, and the possible influence mechanism is also preliminarily discussed. Our statistical result shows that the overall precipitation of NEC in the summer of 2019 (∼ 448.3 mm) was remarkably higher than that in normal years (from 1981 to 2018, with the climate mean summer precipitation of 358.0 mm), in which the positive anomaly percentages of Heilongjiang Province and Songhua River basin were approximately 53% and 40%, respectively. The unusually high precipitation was the largest since the year 1961. During that period of time, the 500 hPa geopotential height field was distributed in a “.- .+ .-” pattern from west to east in the northern high latitudes, and the NEC region was fully controlled by a significant negative height anomaly field; the western Pacific subtropical high at low latitudes was significantly larger, stronger and more westerly than normal, and the ridge position was more southerly, which is conducive to the northward advance of summer monsoon and the transport of water vapour to NEC. Furthermore, the extremely active northeast cold vortex and northward typhoon are the dominant reasons for the abnormally increased precipitation over NEC.
Synthetic reconstruction of the hunchback promoter specifies the role of Bicoid, Zelda and Hunchback in the dynamics of its transcription
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo , Tran Huy , Andrieu Maxime , Diaw Youssoupha , Perez Romero Carmina , Fradin Cécile , Coppey Mathieu , Walczak Aleksandra M , Dostatni Nathalie
Published: April 2022

For over 40 years, the Bicoid-hunchback (Bcd-hb) system in the fruit fly embryo has been used as a model to study how positional information in morphogen concentration gradients is robustly translated into step-like responses. A body of quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment have since questioned the initial paradigm that the sharp hb transcription pattern emerges solely from diffusive biochemical interactions between the Bicoid transcription factor and the gene promoter region. Several alternative mechanisms have been proposed, such as additional sources of positional information, positive feedback from Hb proteins or out-of-equilibrium transcription activation. By using the MS2-MCP RNA-tagging system and analysing in real time, the transcription dynamics of synthetic reporters for Bicoid and/or its two partners Zelda and Hunchback, we show that all the early hb expression pattern features and temporal dynamics are compatible with an equilibrium model with a short decay length Bicoid activity gradient as a sole source of positional information. Meanwhile, Bicoid’s partners speed-up the process by different means: Zelda lowers the Bicoid concentration threshold required for transcriptional activation while Hunchback reduces burstiness and increases the polymerase firing rate.
Techniques and countermeasures for preventing insider threats
Authors: Alsowail Rakan A. , Al-Shehari Taher
Published: April 2022

With the wide use of technologies nowadays, various security issues have emerged. Public and private sectors are both spending a large portion of their budget to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their data from possible attacks. Among these attacks are insider attacks which are more serious than external attacks, as insiders are authorized users who have legitimate access to sensitive assets of an organization. As a result, several studies exist in the literature aimed to develop techniques and tools to detect and prevent various types of insider threats. This article reviews different techniques and countermeasures that are proposed to prevent insider attacks. A unified classification model is proposed to classify the insider threat prevention approaches into two categories (biometric-based and asset-based metric). The biometric-based category is also classified into (physiological, behavioral and physical), while the asset metric-based category is also classified into (host, network and combined). This classification systematizes the reviewed approaches that are validated with empirical results utilizing the grounded theory method for rigorous literature review. Additionally, the article compares and discusses significant theoretical and empirical factors that play a key role in the effectiveness of insider threat prevention approaches (e.g., datasets, feature domains, classification algorithms, evaluation metrics, real-world simulation, stability and scalability, etc.). Major challenges are also highlighted which need to be considered when deploying real-world insider threat prevention systems. Some research gaps and recommendations are also presented for future research directions.
Comparison of surface wind speed and wind speed profiles in the Taklimakan Desert
Authors: Liu Xinchun , Kang Yongde , Chen Hongna , Lu Hui
Published: April 2022

Near-surface (10 m) wind speed (NWS) plays a crucial role in many areas, including the hydrological cycle, wind energy production, and the dispersion of air pollution. Based on wind speed data from Tazhong and the northern margins of the Taklimakan Desert in Xiaotang in spring, summer, autumn, and winter of 2014 and 2015, statistical methods were applied to determine the characteristics of the diurnal changes in wind speed near the ground and the differences in the wind speed profiles between the two sites. The average wind speed on a sunny day increased slowly with height during the day and rapidly at night. At heights below 4 m the wind speed during the day was higher than at night, whereas at 10 m the wind speed was lower during the day than at night. The semi-empirical theory and Monin–Obukhov (M–O) similarity theory were used to fit the NWS profile in the hinterland of the Tazhong Desert. A logarithmic law was applied to the neutral stratification wind speed profile, and an exponential fitting correlation was used for non-neutral stratification. The more unstable the stratification, the smaller the n. Using M–O similarity theory, the “linear to tens of” law was applied to the near-neutral stratification. According to the measured data, the distribution of φM with stability was obtained. The γm was obtained when the near-surface stratum was stable in the hinterland of Tazhong Desert and the βm was obtained when it was unstable. In summer, γm and βm were 5.84 and 15.1, respectively, while in winter, γm and βm were 1.9 and 27.1, respectively.
Influence of environmental variability on the distribution and abundance of the pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata) in the Mexican Central Pacific
Authors: Díaz-Torres Evelyn R , Marín-Enríquez Emigdio , Corgos Antonio , Olivos-Ortiz Aramis , Ortega-Ortiz Christian D
Published: April 2022

The Mexican Central Pacific (MCP) has complex oceanographic dynamics, with a well-defined seasonal pattern and influence of interannual sea surface temperature anomalies. The present study investigated the relationship between the distribution/abundance of spotted dolphins and the environmental conditions in the MCP. Dolphin sighting data were collected during January 2010–December 2015; distance to coast, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll a (Chla) were obtained for each sighting location through georeferenced maps and satellite images. A total of 746 spotted dolphin sightings were obtained with a survey effort of 31,695 km. Spotted dolphins in the MCP showed a predominantly coastal distribution regardless of environmental conditions. Significant differences were detected concerning regional seasonal variation, with higher mean sighting rate during the stratified periods and higher density/abundance estimates during the mixed periods. Spotted dolphins showed preference for warmer conditions, with higher mean sighting rate, abundance, and distance to coast during the neutral and warm interannual periods. During the coolest conditions (cold periods), mean sighting rate and abundance decreased and spotted dolphins were located closer to the coast, where Chla concentration increased. These results suggest that changes in the distribution/abundance of these dolphins could be associated with habitat quality related to tropical (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) and extratropical (The Blob) oceanographic phenomena, which could be modulating their foraging activities.
UMA EXPERÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA COM USO DA CALCULADORA HP-12C NA INVESTIGAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO DE DUAS VARIÁVEIS NUMÉRICAS
Authors: Theodorovski Ronaldo , Pinheiro Nilcéia Aparecida Maciel , Trevisan André Luis
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo assume a Modelagem Matemática como uma abordagem metodológica para a aprendizagem de Estatística, particularmente, o estudo de Regressão Linear Simples. Neste contexto, objetiva-se analisar a aplicação desta estratégia em problemas reais e que exigem a construção de modelos matemáticos como solução. Também pretende-se incluir o uso de algumas funções estatísticas da Calculadora HP modelo 12C, como ferramenta pedagógica. A implementação deste trabalho ocorreu com alunos da rede pública de ensino, participantes de programas associados a OBMEP. Nesta proposta, por intermédio de atividades escritas e práticas, os alunos tiveram que modelar a equação que simulava o movimento retilíneo uniforme de carrinhos de controle remoto em posições diferentes. Com efeito, os discentes tiveram a oportunidade de coletar dados, quantificar, medir, explicar, generalizar e tomar decisões com base no modelo matemático construído, revelando assim elementos potenciais para o desenvolvimento das competências estatísticas ao realizar as etapas da Modelagem Matemática.
UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE A INTEGRAÇÃO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO COM ATIVIDADES EXPERIMENTAIS NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Lobosco Rodrigues Machado Naamã , Paulo Pastorio Dioni
Published: April 2022

No presente trabalho realizamos uma revisão sistemática da literatura referente às publicações nacionais sobre a utilização das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC’s) integradas às atividades experimentais no ensino de Física e Ciências. Para isso, utilizamos a plataforma SUCUPIRA, a fim de encontrarmos as revistas (analisamos revistas de qualis A1, A2 e B1) e, subsequente a isso, os artigos a serem analisados na área de ensino. Os resultados apontam que, com o passar dos anos, a utilização das TIC’s no ensino de Física e Ciências vem ganhando maior notoriedade, muito em função do avanço das TIC’s e disponibilidade dos recursos tecnológicos, bem como pudemos concluir que a maioria dos trabalhos são propostas não implementadas. Quando analisado o nível de ensino ao qual estão ligadas as publicações, percebemos uma equidade entre o ensino médio e superior, e os conteúdos de Física mais abordados nesses trabalhos são oscilações, cinemática e eletromagnetismo
Agricultural Information Gathering and Use among Smallholders’ Sugarcane Farmers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Tanzania: A Case of Kilosa District
Authors: Joseph Gwimile Nuru , Yongsheng Zhang
Published: April 2022

Aims: The agricultural sector is considered the backbone of Tanzania's economy. Information accessibility to farmers depends on the situation and the available sources. This article aims at attempting to understand the agricultural information gathering and use among smallholders’ sugarcane farmers during the covid-19 pandemic in Tanzania: a case of Kilosa district.

Research Methods:  In this study, we conducted field surveys among farmers, and of the out in Ruaha, Kidodi, and Kidogobasi villages in Kilosa district, in Morogoro region, Tanzania. A total number of 4776 key informants were engaged in the study to examine information accessibility to farmers depending on the situation and the available sources.

Results: The study found out that agricultural information smallholder farmers needed for sugarcane farming was information on markets 84%, sugarcane payment per ton 74%, and information on the harvest and fertilizers application 72%. We observed that the main source of agricultural information was fellow farmers and agricultural information officers and Radio. We discovered that, before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority (89.7%) accessed agricultural information from their fellow farmers, (71.3%) of respondents said that agricultural extension officer was their preferred source. It was revealed that the majority (83.0%) of the smallholder sugarcane farmers revealed that a limited number of agricultural extension officers was the main challenge, (72.4%) of the respondents said that a limited number of seminar-workshop and agricultural training incomplete statement. The findings adds up on the insights on the utilization of agricultural information during pandemic.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that agricultural information accessibility is important to smallholder farmers’ sugarcane production; furthermore, agricultural extension officers are a significant role in farmers’ productivity even amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design and Simulation of Amphibious Wheel-Foot Composite Mechanism
Authors: Longyan Li , Shaokui Gu
Published: April 2022

With the continuous development of society and the deepening of the level of science and technology, the fields explored by human beings are becoming more and more extensive, and the requirements for exploration are becoming more and more detailed. However, due to the limitation of mobility, most of the existing amphibious robots still can't be used to complete the specified tasks in complex environments. In order to meet the reliability of motion in complex environments, referring to ePaddle mechanism can enhance the mobility of amphibious robots. Based on the new movement mechanism of eccentric paddle mechanism (ePaddle), according to its principle and prototype, this paper proposes a compound wheeled amphibious robot, which realizes the movement of the robot through an improved eccentric lever mechanism. This mechanism includes multiple gaits, and can adapt to various complex terrains by actively changing the position of the paddle shaft to follow the alternate movement of the wheel foot and the paddle shaft. The key feature of the improved mechanism is to design the rotation of the planet carrier to drive the blades to expand and contract to realize underwater movement. This paper mainly introduces the kinematics analysis and prototype design, and simulates various gait movements through simulation software to verify the feasibility of the new design.
Assessing the Impact of Gas Flaring on Tea Plants in the South of Kothaloni OCS in the District of Dibrugarh, Assam, India
Authors: Phukan Ripsita , Sahewalla Indra Prasad , Bora Diganta Kumar
Published: April 2022

Effect of gas flaring on physiology and growth of tea plants was done by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and analysis was done accommodating two seasons and five levels of distances during September 2019-March 2020. Plant samples were collected from (40-50) metres, (50-60) metres, (60-70) metres, (70-80) metres and control site (150-160) metres away from the tea garden situated south of kothaloni OCS in rainy and autumn seasons. The experimental plot was laid out at a distance of 40 metres away from the flare pit. The mean value of plant parameters namely relative turgidity, tea leaf area ,specific leaf weight, stomatal count, caffeine content, chlorophyll content, polyphenol content and plucking point density were decreased near the gas flaring while mean value of water saturation deficit of tea leaves recorded highest at distances closest to the flaring site.
GxE Interactions Elucidated by AMMI, BLUP and Non Parametric Measures of Wheat Genotypes by Evaluated in North Eastern Plains Zone
Authors: Verma Ajay , Pratap Singh Gyanendra
Published: April 2022

Highly significant effects of environments, GxE interactions and genotypes showed by AMMI analysis with respective contributions 53.2%, 24.9%, 3.5% towards total sum of squares. Interaction Principal Components axes (IPCA) values recommended the general adaptations of the genotype.  IPCA-1 scores pointed for G4, G2, G7 while IPCA-2 selected G10, G3, G9 genotypes. Both ASV & ASV1 utilized 46.2% of interaction sum of squares recommended G4, G1, G12 wheat genotypes. Based on 97.8% of interactions sum of squares MASV1 measures identified G7, G3, G5   whereas MASV measure settled for G7, G3, G9. BLUP-based measures HMGV, RPGV and HMRPGV identified G2, G8, G1 genotypes. Non parametric composite measures viz NPi (1) observed suitability of G2, G5, G7  whereas NPi(2),   for G10, G7, G9  while NPi(3)  identified G10, G9,G7 genotypes of choice. NPi(4)  found suitability of G10, G7, G9 genotypes. Biplot analysis of considered measures had seen about 65.4% of the total variation explained by first two significant Principal Components. NPi(2) , NPi(3) , NPi(4) formed a cluster adjacent to cluster of ASV,  ASV1, MASV, MASV1, Si7 BLStd, BLCV measures. Small cluster of IPC4, IPC3 placed near to cluster of BLUP based measures. ASV and ASV1 showed moderate to strong positive correlations values while MASV and MASV1 showed moderate strong positive correlation values with Si1, Si2, Si3 Si4, Si5, Si6, Si7 NPi(1) , NPi(2) ,NPi(3), NPi(4) measures. Non parametric measures would be useful to explain the GxE interaction while augmented with other measures.
Updates in Different Types of Keratitis: A Review
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Salamah Thiyab Alanazi Wael , Ahmed A. Albalawi Talal , Mohammad A. Alrawaili Abdulmajed , Salamah T. Alanazi Abdulaziz
Published: April 2022

Keratitis is the medical term for corneal irritation. The cornea is the front of the eye's dome-shaped opening. The iris and pupil of a person's eye can be seen through the cornea, which is usually clear. It is not difficult to diagnose keratitis; however, determining the cause is not always straightforward. Direct microscopy and culture reports are frequently unremarkable, and the patient must be pickedled on on clinical grounds. Depending on the origin of the infection, the treatment for infectious keratitis varies. Bacterial keratitis; If you have minor bacterial keratitis, sterile eyedrops may be all you need to get the illness under control. If your illness is moderate to severe, you may need to take antibiotics orally to get rid of it.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Avocado Pear Peel (Persea americana) Extract
Authors: Sunday C. Umerie , Ndidiamaka H. Okorie , Ugochukwu D. Dike , Njideka I. Ani
Published: April 2022

This study evaluated the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in Persea americana peel it also assessed the efficiency of Persea americana peel (Avocado Pear fruit peel) waste in different in vitro activities in order to explore the possibility of utilizing waste as a value-added product in various applications.. Quantitative phytochemical analysis was performed. Quantitative phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids (56.5063 ug/ml), flavonoids (245.6875 ug/ml), phenols (15.65 ug/ml), tannins (27.03 ug/ml) phytate (9.68 ug/ml), oxalate (13.65%), saponin (22.73 ug/ml). For antioxidant activity, the peels of fruit sample of Persea americana were prepared in ethanol solution. The vitamin content of the peel extract was assayed using calorimetric and titration methods while the antioxidant enzyme assay was determined by spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant enzyme assay was also determined for catalase, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase. The Vitamins A, C and E were found to be present, with Vitamin A being the highest in concentration. Copper, Zinc, Iron and manganese were also present in the peel extract. The result from this study indicates that the peel extract of Persea americana possess antioxidant properties and could serve as free radical scavenger or inhibitor.
A Study of Corneal Thickness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Ramani Rashmi , Banait Shashank
Published: April 2022

Background: It is essential to assess the corneal thickness in diabetes patient.

Introduction: diabetes mellitus is a major cause of blindness throughout the worldDiabetic retinopathy is the most importance given on day to day basics studies especially for ophthalmologist studied indicators in eye. However, functional oddities have been recognised in cornea too like changes in central corneal thickness.

Objectives: 1. To estimate the central corneal thickness (CCT) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy age/sex matched normal people. 2. To measure central corneal thickness (CCT) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with diabetic retinopathy with age/ sex matched normal person.

Methods: This is a hospital based case control study.

Expected Results: The central corneal thickness is more in type 2 diabetes patients than non-diabetic individual.
Factors Limiting Modern Contraceptive Use in Zing Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Francis S. Collins , Ahmed Aminu Musa
Published: April 2022

This study was set out to find out factors influencing contraceptive use among women in Zing Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. The study was triggered by the fact that despite various interventions and awareness on the need to use contraceptives, the usage is still very low in Nigeria, most especially the Northern Nigeria which Zing Local Government Area of Taraba State is inclusive. The broad aim of the study was to investigate the factors influencing contraceptive use among women in Zing Local Government of Taraba State, however, the specific objectives were: to find out socio-economic factors, cultural factors,s and religious factors influencing contraceptives among women in Zing L.G.A. Taraba. A review of the related literature was based on the objectives of the study. The data were collected mainly through questionnaires, while official documentation and observations were employed as supplementary tools. The data were analyzed via the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study finds out that contraceptive use is against religious teachings and not approved by religion furthermore cultural factors that influence contraceptives are demand for children, partners’ decisions, contraceptives limits population infertility, myths, and misinformation. Other reasons for the disapproval of contraceptives include serious side effects, and there is no need for it since they are legally married and children are gifts from God. The study however recommended that Public enlightenment on contraception should start from antenatal clinics, religious leaders should be involved as change agents for shaping norms and influencing Behaviours related to family planning and contraceptives as well as the need for stakeholders in the state to find ways of increasing the use of family planning services by making it attractive to the women through incentives, especially among those living in the rural areas of the state.
MODEL PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PERANCANGAN MASTERPLAN KAWASAN WISATA WATUPURBO, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Vitasurya Vincentia Reni , Pudianti Anna , Rudwiarti Lucia Asdra
Published: April 2022

Keberadaan sebuah rencana induk (masterplan) merupakan hal penting sebagai upaya pengembangan suatu kawasan termasuk Kawasan wisata. Seiring dengan Gerakan wisata berbasis masyarakat, maka arahan pengembangan Kawasan wisata sebaiknya melibatkan masyarakat sejak awal perencanaan. Upaya tersebut diwujudkan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan program studi arsitektur UAJY bekerjasama dengan dinas pariwisata Kabupaten Sleman sebagai bentuk pendampingan untuk merancang Masterplan pengembangan Kawasan Wisata. Kawasan wisata Watupurbo dicanangkan sebagai objek wisata dengan daya tarik wisata air terjun yang terbentuk dari dam sungai Krasak berundak yang memiliki pemandangan alam yang asri. Keunikan tersebut mengakibatkan watupurbo berkembang menjadi objek wisata alam namun beresiko rusak jika tidak direncanakan dengan baik. Tantangan yang dihadapi tim adalah mempersiapkan pengembangan Kawasan yang berbasis tanggap bencana dengan resiko bencana banjir. Bekerjasama dengan masyarakat setempat, tim menggali kearifan lokal dan tradisi untuk mengantisipasi bencana dan mempertahankan kelestarian alam sekitar. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat mempersiapkan Kawasan wisata Watupurbo agar dapat berkembang, namun tetap mempertahankan kelestarian alam terutama terkait dengan peranannya sebagai salah satu dam besar di sungai Krasak. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan rencana induk (masterplan) yang bertema “menyatu untuk istimewa” merupakan kolaborasi alam dan manusia untuk mewujudkan pengembangan ekonomi dan social dengan mempertahankan kondisi alami lingkungan. Penekanan perancangan pada aksesibilitas yang juga menyediakan evakuasi bencana yang mempertahankan kondisi alami dan sesuai dengan masukan pengalaman dan kebiasaan warga setempat ketika menghadapi bencana. Hal ini menjadi pembelajaran bersama atas pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan untuk pengembangan Kawasan wisata berbasis objek alam.
An Integrated Phenotypic and Genotypic Approach Reveals a High‐Risk Subtype Association for EBF3 Missense Variants Affecting the Zinc Finger Domain
Authors: Deisseroth Cole A. , Lerma Vanesa C. , Magyar Christina L. , Pfliger Jessica Mae , Nayak Aarushi , Bliss Nathan D. , LeMaire Ashley W. , Narayanan Vinodh , Balak Christopher , Zanni Ginevra , Valente Enza Maria , Bertini Enrico , Benke Paul J. , Wangler Michael F. , Chao Hsiao‐Tuan
Published: March 2022

Objective

Collier/Olf/EBF (COE) transcription factors have distinct expression patterns in the developing and mature nervous system. To date, a neurological disease association has been conclusively established for only the Early B‐cell Factor‐3 (EBF3) COE family member through the identification of heterozygous loss‐of‐function variants in individuals with autism spectrum/neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Here, we identify a symptom severity risk association with missense variants primarily disrupting the zinc finger domain (ZNF) in EBF3‐related NDD.

Methods

A phenotypic assessment of 41 individuals was combined with a literature meta‐analysis for a total of 83 individuals diagnosed with EBF3‐related NDD. Quantitative diagnostic phenotypic and symptom severity scales were developed to compare EBF3 variant type and location to identify genotype–phenotype correlations. To stratify the effects of EBF3 variants disrupting either the DNA‐binding domain (DBD) or the ZNF, we used in vivo fruit fly UAS‐GAL4 expression and in vitro luciferase assays.

Results

We show that patient symptom severity correlates with EBF3 missense variants perturbing the ZNF, which is a key protein domain required for stabilizing the interaction between EBF3 and the target DNA sequence. We found that ZNF‐associated variants failed to restore viability in the fruit fly and impaired transcriptional activation. However, the recurrent variant EBF3 p.Arg209Trp in the DBD is capable of partially rescuing viability in the fly and preserved transcriptional activation.

Interpretation

We describe a symptom severity risk association with ZNF perturbations and EBF3 loss‐of‐function in the largest reported cohort to date of EBF3‐related NDD patients. This analysis should have potential predictive clinical value for newly identified patients with EBF3 gene variants. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:138–153
Boarding schools: A longitudinal examination of Australian Indigenous and non‐Indigenous boarders’ and non‐boarders’ wellbeing
Authors: Dillon Anthony , Craven Rhonda G. , Guo Jiesi , Yeung Alexander S. , Mooney Janet , Franklin Alicia , Brockman Rob
Published: March 2022

Improving educational outcomes for Indigenous Australian students is a key strategy to helping Indigenous people reach their full potential. This has resulted in well‐intentioned efforts by Australian educators and governments to ensure Indigenous children have positive school experiences. However, Indigenous students still lag behind their non‐Indigenous counterparts in educational outcomes. This is particularly so for Indigenous students living in rural and remote parts of Australia where educational opportunities are limited, especially in high school. One solution to this problem has been to enrol these students in boarding schools in urban and metropolitan centres. While research on the success of boarding schools for Indigenous students is scarce, what little that does exist is not encouraging. The focus of this research was to examine the effects of boarding for Indigenous (n = 11) and non‐Indigenous students’ (n = 158) wellbeing (N = 1423) in two large private boys’ schools. Participating students aged 12–18 years old completed a survey measuring wellbeing constructs on two occasions, 12 months apart. Non‐Indigenous boys were generally higher in wellbeing compared with Indigenous boys. There was also evidence of improved social wellbeing beyond that of non‐Indigenous boarders over time. Overall, while evidence of merit was weak, boarding schools may benefit their Indigenous students’ development in social wellbeing.
Négligence managériale et acceptabilité sociale: Le cas énergie est (2012–2017)
Authors: Facal Joseph , Thibault Jean‐François
Published: March 2022

Nous proposons une étude qualitative de l’échec du projet d'oléoduc Énergie Est de l'entreprise albertaine TransCanada. Nous expliquons cet échec par sa sous‐estimation des dynamiques politiques et sociales. Nous concluons que les gestionnaires doivent prendre au sérieux le défi de l'acceptabilité sociale, devenu incontournable, et ne pas le réduire à un enjeu de gestion, mais y voir plutôt une occasion de renouveler leur conception de la vie collective.
Comorbidities in hereditary angioedema—A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Sundler Björkman Linda , Persson Barbro , Aronsson David , Skattum Lillemor , Nordenfelt Patrik , Egesten Arne
Published: March 2022

Background

In hereditary angioedema (HAE), low levels (type 1) or defect in function (type 2) of the serine‐protease inhibitor C1 Inhibitor protein results in activation of the classical pathway of the complement system as well as the contact system. Here, we investigated the risk of comorbidities in HAE.

Methods

Individuals with HAE (n = 239; identified through a physician made diagnosis) and a control cohort from the general population (n = 2383; matched for age, gender, and county of residence) were compared with the Swedish inpatient, cause of death, cancer, and prescription registers. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the data.

Results

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32–2.54), including arterial (OR 6.74; 95% CI 1.89–24.06) and venous thromboembolic disease (OR 4.20; 95% CI 2.42–7.23) as well as hypertension (OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.12–2.39) was seen in HAE. There was also an increased number of individuals diagnosed with hyperlipidemia (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.16–3.50) among HAE patients. Furthermore, the risk of autoimmune disease was increased (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.15–2.35) being particularly pronounced for systemic lupus erythematosus (OR 71.87; 95% CI 8.80–586.7). The risk of having two or more autoimmune diseases was also higher among HAE patients (p = 0.017). In contrast, the risk of cancer was not increased. Data from the prescription register revealed higher prescription rates of drugs against hypertension, hypothyroidism, and hyperlipidemia among HAE patients.

Conclusions

The results warrant for awareness and prevention of comorbid conditions, in particular, thromboembolic and autoimmune diseases in HAE. Future prophylactic interventions may modify these risks.
Dysfunction of S100A4+ effector memory CD8+ T cells aggravates asthma
Authors: Zhang Huilei , Liu Shuangqing , Li Yanan , Li Jianru , Ni Chen , Yang Ming , Dong Jun , Wang Zhaoqing , Qin Zhihai
Published: March 2022

Progressive loss of effector functions, especially IFN‐γ secreting capability, in effector memory CD8+ T (CD8+ TEM) cells plays a crucial role in asthma worsening. However, the mechanisms of CD8+ TEM cell dysfunction remain elusive. Here, we report that S100A4 drives CD8+ TEM cell dysfunction, impairing their protective memory response and promoting asthma worsening in an ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced asthmatic murine model. We find that CD8+ TEM cells contain two subsets based on S100A4 expression. S100A4+ subsets exhibit dysfunctional effector phenotypes with increased proliferative capability, whereas S100A4− subsets retain effector function but are more inclined to apoptosis, giving rise to a dysfunctional CD8+ TEM cell pool. Mechanistically, S100A4 upregulation of mitochondrial metabolism results in a decrease of acetyl‐CoA levels, which impair the transcription of effector genes, especially ifn‐γ, facilitating cell survival, tolerance, and memory potential. Our findings thus reveal general insights into how S100A4+ CD8+ TEM cells reprogram into dysfunctional and less protective phenotypes to aggravate asthma.
Shining light on ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts: Promotional effects of surface and heterostructure engineering toward artificial photosynthesis
Authors: Oh Valerie Bei‐Yuan , Ng Sue‐Faye , Ong Wee‐Jun
Published: March 2022

The gradual depletion of fossil fuel reserves that contribute to ~85% of global energy production and release of toxic effluents urges the transformation toward renewable fuels. Thus, the sustainable utilization of sunlight for water splitting and CO2 reduction with heterogeneous photocatalysts has come to light. As a semiconductor photocatalyst, ZnIn2S4 has hit the limelight owing to its narrow bandgap and visible‐light‐responsive properties. However, the limitations of ZnIn2S4 include limited active sites, fast charge‐carrier recombination, and low photoconversion efficiency. Beginning from the fundamental photocatalytic mechanism, this review then provides in‐depth insights into several modification strategies of ZnIn2S4, extending from defect engineering, facet engineering, cocatalyst loading to junction engineering, enabling the synergistic construction of high‐performance ZnIn2S4‐based systems. Subsequently, the structure‐performance relation of ZnIn2S4‐based photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution (HER), overall water splitting (OWS), and CO2 reduction applications in the last 4 years will be discussed and concluded by the future perspectives of this frontier.

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Energy, exergy, and cost analysis of solar powered desiccant air conditioning system
Authors: Kumar Amit , Mehla Neeraj
Published: March 2022

In the present work, solar powered desiccant air conditioning system (SPDAC) is operated for two different modes (a) cooling & dehumidification (b) heating & humidification under summer and winter climatic conditions, respectively. The SPDAC consists of evacuated tube solar water heater, silica gel coated heat exchanger, heat exchanger and direct & indirect evaporative cooling unit. The performance of the SPDAC is evaluated in terms of energy & exergy cooling/heating capacity, COP and economic & exergoeconomic feasibility. The energy & exergy cooling capacity and energy & exergy COP of the SPDAC during cooling and dehumidification modes are 648.2 W & 254.1 W, and 0.45 & 0.35, respectively. Whereas, the energy & exergy cooling capacity and energy & exergy COP of the SPDAC during heating and humidification mode are 847.4 W, 427.9 W, 0.87, and 0.45, respectively. The economic and exergoeconomic analysis indicates the reliability of the SPDAC system and also proves to be efficient in terms of payback period (43.8 months). The outcomes demonstrate that the SPDAC is more compelling in heating & humidification mode under winter climatic conditions. The overall results of the system confirmed that the use of silica gel coated heat exchanger is practicable to run the system in both seasons.
Numerical investigation of the influence of the source and detector position for optical measurement of lung volume and oxygen content in preterm infants
Authors: Pacheco Andrea , Jayet Baptiste , Svanberg Emilie Krite , Dehghani Hamid , Dempsey Eugene , Andersson‐Engels Stefan
Published: March 2022

There is an urgent need for improved respiratory surveillance of preterm infants. Gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) is emerging as a potential clinical cutaneous monitoring tool of lung functions in neonates. A challenge in the clinical translation of GASMAS is to obtain sufficiently high signal‐to‐noise ratios in the measurements, since the light attenuation is high in human tissue. Previous GASMAS studies on piglets have shown higher signal quality with an internal source, as more light propagates through the lung and the loss due to scattering and absorption is less. In this article we simulated light propagation with an intratracheal and a dermal source, and investigated the signal quality and lung volume probed. The results suggest that GASMAS has the potential to measure respiratory volumes; and the sensitivity is higher for an intratracheal source which also enables to probe most of the lung.
Identification of ENPP1 Haploinsufficiency in Patients With Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Early-Onset Osteoporosis
Authors: Kato Hajime , Ansh Anenya J , Lester Ethan R , Kinoshita Yuka , Hidaka Naoko , Hoshino Yoshitomo , Koga Minae , Taniguchi Yuki , Uchida Taisuke , Yamaguchi Hideki , Niida Yo , Nakazato Masamitsu , Nangaku Masaomi , Makita Noriko , Takamura Toshinari , Saito Taku , Braddock Demetrios T , Ito Nobuaki
Published: March 2022

Homozygous ENPP1 mutations are associated with autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2), severe ossification of the spinal ligaments, and generalized arterial calcification of infancy type 1. There are a limited number of reports on phenotypes associated with heterozygous ENPP1 mutations. Here, we report a series of three probands and their families with heterozygous and compound heterozygous ENPP1 mutations. The first case (case 1) was a 47-year-old male, diagnosed with early-onset osteoporosis and low-normal serum phosphate levels, which invoked suspicion for hypophosphatemic rickets. The second and third cases were 77- and 54-year-old females who both presented with severe spinal ligament ossification and the presumptive diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Upon workup, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was noted to be relatively high in case 2 and serum phosphorous was low-normal in case 3, and the diagnoses of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and ARHR2 were considered. Genetic testing for genes related to congenital hypophosphatemic rickets was therefore performed, revealing heterozygous ENPP1 variants in cases 1 and 2 (case 1, c.536A>G, p.Asn179Ser; case 2, c.1352A>G, p.Tyr451Cys) and compound heterozygous ENPP1 variants in case 3 constituting the same variants present in cases 1 and 2 (c.536A>G, p.Asn179Ser and c.1352A>G, p.Tyr451Cys). Several in silico tools predicted the two variants to be pathogeneic, a finding confirmed by in vitro biochemical analysis demonstrating that the p.Asn179Ser and p.Tyr451Cys ENPP1 variants possessed a catalytic velocity of 45% and 30% compared with that of wild-type ENPP1, respectively. Both variants were therefore categorized as pathogenic loss-of-function mutations. Our findings suggest that ENPP1 mutational status should be evaluated in patients presenting with the diagnosis of idiopathic DISH, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), and early-onset osteoporosis. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
More intense daily precipitation in CORDEX‐SEA regional climate models than their forcing global climate models over Southeast Asia
Authors: Nguyen Phuong‐Loan , Bador Margot , Alexander Lisa V. , Lane Todd P. , Ngo‐Duc Thanh
Published: March 2022

The ability of regional climate models (RCMs) to accurately simulate the current climate is increasingly important for impact assessments over Southeast Asia (SEA), identified as one of the world's most vulnerable regions to climate change. In this study, we evaluate the performance of a set of regional high‐resolution simulations from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment‐SEA (CORDEX‐SEA) in simulating rainfall over the region. Simulations of the 1982–2005 seasonal mean climatology of daily precipitation and precipitation distribution over land are compared to observations from different sources (i.e., in situ‐based and satellite‐based). We also evaluate to what extent the precipitation distribution in RCMs is closer to observations than their associated forcing global climate models (GCMs). Observational estimates of precipitation over SEA have large uncertainties, making the model evaluations complicated. Despite these difficulties, our results highlight that RCMs can reproduce some complexities in the spatial distribution of seasonal rainfall but generally have a larger wet bias than GCMs. This is particularly true for the extremes in which RCMs show a large overestimation of rainfall intensity. There are some precipitation quantiles and grid points in which RCMs show limited reductions in biases compared to observations, but there is no consistency across all simulations and RCMs are generally further away from observations than their forcing GCMs. We find that greater intensity in RCMs over CORDEX‐SEA compared to their associated forcing GCMs is firstly associated with the increased supply of moisture from both local and large‐scale sources. Second, a widespread increase in convective precipitation is found across the region in RCMs. Our findings suggest that a model's ability to simulate precipitation over the region relies more on the RCM setup itself (e.g., parameterization scheme), rather than its forcing GCM. This should be considered when assessing the reliability of RCM precipitation simulations for future projections.
Rainfall variability in Brazil between 1920 and 2010
Authors: Costa Peres Tainã , Bayer Maier Éder Leandro
Published: March 2022

Precipitation variability in Brazil was investigated using reanalysis data from the Global Historical Climatology Network—Monthly, version 3.01, within 1920–2010, provided freely by the University of Delaware. The analysis of space‐temporal pattern was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) in temporal and spatial modes. It also intends to contribute with the literature that characterizes the patterns of spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation in Brazil. Temporal grouping allowed the identification of five spatial models that represents the spatial distribution of the precipitation, explained variance of 38%. Spatial grouping mode zoned through six temporal models of the areas with partially homogeneous precipitation, explained variance of 22.69%. In equatorial latitudes, the models identified Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) latitudinal and temporal variability in North and South Hemispheres. In tropical latitudes, the models evidenced anomalous precipitation due to South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) and South America Monsoon System. In subtropical latitudes, rainfall spatial anomalous patterns were associated to the di‐pole pattern between tropical and subtropical latitudes, which shows the influence of the climatic variability modes, especially El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Therefore, it was diagnosed that the anomalies of the atmospheric mechanisms that occur seasonally, such as SACZ and ITCZ, are the ones that cause the higher frequency in the percentage of rainfall variance, which might be explained by the frequency of the occurrence. However, remote factors, such as the occurrence in different temporal scales, interannual and interdecennial, were represented in different spatial and temporal models, as the events of variability modes vary spatially, seasonally and in intensity. It is important to highlight that the modes of climatic variability may influence the atmospheric mechanisms identified in this study, nevertheless, their impact were not evidenced in the space‐temporal scales analysed. The results are relevant to understand the space‐temporal variability of rainfall over Brazil.