bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A summary of common grading systems used in neurosurgical practice
Authors: Kutty Sarvesh
Published: October 2022

Background:

Grading and scoring systems are routinely used across various specialties in medicine and surgery. They help us assess the severity of disease and often guide management as well. In addition, grading systems allow us to prognosticate and gauge outcomes. Neurosurgeons also utilize an array of scores and grading systems. This article aims to collate some of the common grading systems used in neurosurgical practice to be utilized as an easy reference especially for junior doctors and other health-care providers working in this field.

Methods:

An initial literature search was carried out to look at the grading systems in use. These were then distilled down to the ones that are frequently used in clinical neurosurgical practice based on my own experience as a doctor working in a tertiary neurosurgical unit. Neuro-oncology scoring systems were excluded from the study.

Results:

Grading systems are grouped based on the area of neurosurgical practice they fall into such as cranial, vascular, spinal, and miscellaneous. A brief description of each grading system is provided and the conditions when they can be used in a tabular format. Discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of each grading system is not included in the study.

Conclusion:

The list of grading systems in this article is not exhaustive. To the best of my knowledge, there seems to be no recent article, which summarizes them concisely. I hope that this summary will benefit the neurosurgical community and wider audience.
Use of pervading internal shell-type substructures to dissolve compact components
Authors: Vakaliuk Iurii
Published: October 2022

Nature brings lot of possibilities and inspirational ideas in various industries. Many fields of human activity from transportation, energy and electronics derives inspiration from natural structures and systems to be more efficient. The civil engineering and industry of building materials is not an exception. The ongoing joint research project CRC/TRR 280 [1] aimed on looking for a new methodology and approaches in design of light weight and bio inspired structures made of textile reinforced concrete (TRC). Special interest is on shell structures with membrane stresses that brings an extremely favourable span-to-material ratio that in turn means excellent structural performance. The current paper aimed to show the numerical side of the current research project.
Reconhecimento Automático Multilingue de Entidades Mencionadas em Diversos Domínios, para Efeitos de Anonimização de Tradução Automática
Authors: Menezes Miguel , Cabarrão Vera , Moniz Helena , Mota Pedro
Published: October 2022

The following article describes the research developed at Unbabel, a Portuguese Machine-Translation start-up, that combines Machine Translation (MT) with human post-edition with a focus on customer service content. With the work carried out within a real multilingual AI powered, human-refined, MT industry, we aim to contribute to furthering MT quality and good-practices, by exposing the importance of having continuously in development, robust Named Entity Recognition systems for General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) compliance. We will report three different experiments, resulting from a shared work with Unbabel´s linguists and Unbabel´s Artificial Intelligence (AI) engineering team, matured over a year. The first experiment focused on developing a methodology for the identification and annotation of domain-specific Named Entities (NEs) for the Food-Industry. The devised methodology allows the construction of gold standards for building domain specific NER systems and can be applied for a myriad of different domains. With the implementation of the designed method, we were able to identify the following domain-specific NEs set: Restaurant Names; Restaurant Chains; Dishes; Beverage, Ingredients. The second and third experiments explored the possibilities of constructing, in a semi-automatically way, multilingual NER gold standards for different domains and language pairs, using aligners that project Named Entities across a parallel corpus. Both experiments made it possible to benchmark four different open-source aligners (SimAlign; Fastalign; AwesomeAlign; Eflomal), allowing to identify the one with better performance and, simultaneously, validate the aforementioned approach. This work should be taken as a statement of multidisciplinary, proving and validating the much-needed articulation between different scientific fields that compose and characterize the area of Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Nomes predicativos e construções neutras
Authors: Baptista Jorge , Reis Sónia , Mamede Nuno
Published: October 2022

This paper, developed within the Lexicon‑Grammar theoretical and methodological framework, analyses the predicate noun and support‑verb constructions that admit the syntactic transformation: O médico fez um raio‑x ao tórax do Pedro = O Pedro fez um raio‑x ao tórax (lit.: ‘The doctor did a x‑ray to the chest of Pedro/Pedro did a x‑ray to the chest’) ‘The doctor x‑rayed Pedro's chest/Pedro had a chest x‑ray’; in this sentence, raio‑x ‘x‑ray’ is a predicate noun and fazer ‘do’ is the support verb.  The paper proposes to relate the two sentences by a formal operation, the Neuter transformation. About 275 predicate nouns, expressing a variety of semantic predicates, and involving body‑part nouns, admit this transformation. The paper aims to determine the lexical‑syntactic conditions to the application of the Neuter transformation, contrasting it with other transformations (Dative Restructuring, Conversion, and Fusion), and presents the main regularities observed, discussing the choice of a base form from the alternative sentences and its formalization within the lexicon‑grammar, a comprehensive data base of predicate nouns and support verb constructions currently with about 9,100 nominal predicates. The analysis is supported with data from corpora and other on‑line sources. The study is part of an on‑going program for the systematic description of the lexical‑syntactical properties of predicate noun constructions in European Portuguese.
Sobre a aquisição da Fonologia do Português Europeu como L1: caminhos por trilhar
Authors: Costa Teresa , Amorim Clara , Ramalho Ana Margarida
Published: October 2022

This text presents a set of reflections on the state of the art regarding phonological acquisition in European Portuguese as L1. Taking the existing research accomplishments as its starting point, the discussion presented here will focus on what still needs to be done and known in different domains: regarding the construction, validation and availability of corpora and tools for phonological assessment; in the study of typical and atypical development; in the relationships between research and clinical and pedagogical intervention. Among the paths to be followed, emphasis will be placed on the need to instill multidisciplinary and multimodal approaches in phonological acquisition research, combining data from production, perception and metaphonological processing
Sosialisasi Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Universitas OSO Pada Beberapa SMA/SMK/MA/Sederajat di Kalimantan Barat Secara Daring
Authors: Marista Etha
Published: October 2022

Sekolah Menengah Atas  adalah salah satu bentuk pendidikan formal yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keimanan dan ketakwaan, hidup sehat, memperluas pengetahuan dan seni, memiliki keahlian dan keterampilan, menjadi anggota masyarakat yang bertanggung jawab, serta mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk mengikuti pendidikan lebih lanjut. Dalam mendukung salah satu dari tujuan pendidikan nasional yaitu untuk mempersiapkan peserta didik (siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/MA Sederajat) maka Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Universitas OSO akan melakukan sosialisasi dan promosi pada beberapa SMA di Kalimantan Barat secara daring. Sosiasialisasi akan dilakukan di Universitas OSO dengan menggunakan aplikasi zoom.  Peserta yang akan diundang adalah wakil dari siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/MA Sederajat dari kabupaten yang ada di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Melalui kegiatan ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketertarikan masyarakat khususnya siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/MA Sederajat agar dapat masuk ke Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Universitas OSO.  Materi yang diberikan oleh tim pengabdian meliputi visi, misi, tujuan, sasaran, kurikulum Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan dan peluang kerja setelah menyelesaikan studi. Kegiatan sosialisasi promosi Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan dimasa pandemi Covid-19 dengan media daring berlangsung baik.
PELATIHAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK TOKEN ECONOMY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X DI MAN KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Sangalang Oktamia Karuniaty
Published: October 2022

nterest is an impulse from within a person to do something with pleasure or pleasure without coercion from other parties. However, many students still have low interest in learning. This study was conducted to determine whether the application of group guidance services using the token economy technique can increase student interest in learning. This research is an experimental research, with a one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample was taken using a non-probability sampling technique so that there were eight students of class X MIPA-4 MAN Palangka Raya City were assigned as samples in this study. Data collection techniques in this study used by researchers are questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Then the researcher analyzed the data using parametric statistics from the Paired Samples Test (SPSS version 22 program) because the researcher's data were normally distributed. The author finally draws conclusions based on statistical results. The results showed that the calculation of the value of the paired t-test obtained was sig.2 tailed of 0.000 <0.05 with a t count of -7.072 which means the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The alternative hypothesis in this study is that the application of group guidance services using the token economy technique can increase student interest in learning for class X MIPA-4 MAN Palangka Raya City. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of group guidance services using the token economy technique can increase student interest in learning for class X MIPA-4 MAN Palangka Raya City for the 2020/2021 academic year.
Exploring 129Xe NMR parameters for structural investigation of biomolecules: relativistic, solvent, and thermal Effects
Authors: A. Gonçalves Mateus , A. Andolpho Gustavo , F. F. da Cunha Elaine , C. Ramalho Teodorico
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the study of new probes has aroused great interest in the scientific community around the world. Therefore, in the present work, we present a potential candidate for a new spectroscopic probe, the Xe(CO)3(NNO) conjugated to 2-(4’-Aminophenyl) Benzothiazole complex, XeABT. For this proposal, chemical shift calculations at the DFT level were performed, thus, a factorial design was carried out in order to choose the best computational method. The best combination was the base function ZORA-def2-TZVP, with the functional PBE0 and considering the relativistic effects with the ZORA implementation. Our findings reveal that the 129Xe chemical shifts is affected by thermal and solvent effects and considering an enzymatic environment a significant decrease in δ(129Xe) values are observed, suggesting with the XeABT complex it may be a promising spectroscopic probe.
دروسته‌ى ڕسته‌ى لێكدراو له‌ شێوه‌زارى سلێمانیدا
Authors: Hussin Azad A.
Published: October 2022

ئه‌م لێكولینه‌وه‌یه‌ كه‌ به‌ناونیشانى (دروسته‌ى ڕسته‌ى لێكدراو له‌ شێوه‌زارى سلێمانیدا) له‌ ئاستى سینتاكسى زمانى كوردیدایه‌ به‌ ئامانجى ئه‌وه‌ى كه‌ له‌سه‌رچاوه‌ ڕێزمانییه‌ كوردییه‌كاندا باسى ته‌نها له‌یه‌ك جۆر له‌ڕسته‌ى لێكدراوكراوه‌، ئه‌ویش ئه‌وانه‌ن، كه‌له‌ئه‌نجامى لێكدانى دووڕسته‌ى ساده‌، یان زیاتر پێكهاتوون، به‌ڵام له‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌دا، سنورى داڕشتنى ڕسته‌ى لێكدراو فراوانتر ده‌بێت بۆلێكدانى دوو فرێز، یان زیاتر له‌چوارچێوه‌ى ڕسته‌یه‌كى ناساده‌دا، واته‌ به‌شێوه‌یه‌كى گشتى، توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌پۆلكردنێكى نوێ بۆڕسته‌ى لێكدراو ده‌خاته‌ ڕوو. هه‌روه‌ها خستنه‌ڕووى زانیاریى زیاتره‌، په‌یوه‌ست به‌ڕسته‌لێكدراوه‌كان وپڕكردنه‌وه‌ى ئه‌و كه‌لێنانه‌یه‌، كه‌له‌م بواره‌ى ڕسته‌سازیى كوردیدا هه‌ن، له‌لایه‌كى تره‌وه‌ئامانجى توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌، سه‌لماندنى ئه‌وڕاستییه‌یه‌، كه‌لێكدانى دووكه‌ره‌سته‌ى زمانى(وشه‌، فرێز، ڕسته‌)، به‌جۆرێك كه‌په‌یوه‌ندیى نێوانیان سه‌ربه‌خۆبێت، هه‌مان تایبه‌تمه‌ندیى سینتاكسییان ده‌بێت .
تأثير تدريبات البليومتريك في نسب الوثبات الثلاثة والأنجاز لفعالية الوثب الثلاثي
Authors: Khalid Azad A.
Published: October 2022

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير تدريبات البليومتريك في نسب الوثبات الثلاثة والأنجاز لفعالية الوثب الثلاثي .تم أختيار عينة البحث من المجتمع المتمثل بطلاب المرحلة الرابعة في سكول التربية الرياضية بجامعة دهوك ، للعام الدراسي (2012-2013) إذ وقع الأختيار على شعب (ب , ج ) بصورة عمدية وذلك لأن الشعبة ( أ ) خاصة بالطالبات وبلغ عددهم (62) طالباً ، ومن ثم أختيرت الشعبة (ج) كعينة تجريبية وشعبة (ب) كعينة ضابطة وذلك عن طريق القرعة وبعد أستبعاد الطلبة الذين يمارسون الرياضة بصورة مستمرة , والطلبة المصابين والذين غابوا عن أحد الأختبارات القبلية أو البعدية أو اثناء تطبيق البرنامج أصبح العدد كالتالي (19) للشعبة (ب) و(16) للشبعة (ج) ولتساوي العدد بين المجموعتين تم أستبعاد (3(طلاب من الشعبة (ب) عن طريق القرعة وبذلك أصبح العدد النهائي (16)طالباً لكل مجموعة , وهي تمثل نسبة (51.61%) من المجتمع الأصلي.

بعد الحصول على بيانات البحث واستخلاص النتائج منها بشكل علمي استنتج الباحث مايلي :

تأثير تدريبات البليومتريك في كل من النسبة المئوية للخطوة والوثبة والأنجاز للوثب الثلاثي للمجموعة التجريبية .

وعلى ضوء الأستنتاجات المستخلصة من النتائج يوصى الباحث بـ

ضرورة أستخدام تدريبات البليومتريك ضمن حصص الساحةوالميدان الخاصة بفعالية الوثب الثلاثي .

ضرورة الأهتمام بأستخدام تدريبات البليومتريك ضمن المناهج التدريبية للاعبيالوثب الثلاثي من قبل المدريبن المختصين لهذه الفعالية.
جسر زاخو الأثري في المصنفات العربية والغربية
Authors: Abdullah Nizar A.
Published: October 2022

ينتصب جسر زاخو الاثري فوق نهر الخابور عند الجانب الجنوبي الشرقي من بلدة زاخو الحالية، وعرف عبر تاريخ المنطقة باسم جسر دلالي، وهي أسطورة رومانية قديمة تدور حول بناء الجسر، لكنه اشتهر عند أهل زاخو بالجسر الحجري الكبير، اما في العهود المعاصرة فقد شاعت تسميته بالجسر العباسي، وهي تسمية حديثة ظهرت بعد تأسيس الدولة العراقية عام 1920 . وطول هذا الجسر حوالي 114 متر، اما عرضه فيصل الى اربعة امتار و70 سنتيمترا ، ويتالف من خمسة عقود تقوم على دعائم مربعة وكبيرة بنيت على ارض النهر الصلبة ، وتبلغ المسافة بين قمته وبين سطح الماء اكثر من15 متر، وهو مبلط بقطع الحجر الكبيرة والمرصوفة بشكل مدرج ،اما جدرانه فمبنية بقطع كبيرة من احجار الكلس المنحوتة والمرصوفة الى بعضها بشكل جيد ، ومتداخلة مع البعض الاخر ، وقد استخدم في بناءها ملاط الكلس المتين ، واتبعت في ترتيب الحجارة طريقة تساعد في ان يؤدي الصف العلوي منها على حفظ التوازن للصف الذي يليه ، ومن ثم تملئ جميع الفراغات الوسطى للجسر بحجر الصوان الصلب مع مادة الكلس والنورة التي لاتتاثر بالرطوبة . لم يعرف زمن بناء جسر زاخو حتى يومنا هذا ، اذ ليس عليه اي تاريخ يؤرخ العصر الذي يعود إليه في نشاته، أو يحدد هوية بانيه ، وكل ماهو موجود فقط الجسر ذاته ، باثاره الشاخصة ، التي بنيت عليها مجموعة من التكهنات التي ظهرت هنا وهناك في العديد من النصوص التاريخية العربية والغربية القديمة التي أرجعته الى عهد امارة بهدينان، في حين حددت نصوص اخرى مرجعيته الى العهد الروماني واليوناني والسلوقي، فيما رأى فريقا آخر من الباحثين بأنه يعود الى العهد الساساني والفارسي .
بارودۆخی سیاسیی ده‌ڤه‌ری زاخۆ له‌ سه‌رهه‌ڵدانی ده‌وڵه‌تی مه‌غۆلی ئیلخانی تا رووخانی ده‌وڵه‌تی جه‌لائیری (656/ 814ك/ 1258_ 1411ز)
Authors: Sheikh Mohammed Rabeah F.
Published: October 2022

ده‌ڤه‌ری زاخۆ (حه‌سه‌نییه‌) و قه‌ڵاكانی ده‌وروبه‌ری له‌ سه‌رده‌می هه‌ردوو ده‌وڵه‌تی مه‌غۆلی ئیلخانی و جه‌لائیری(656_ 814ك/ 1258_ 1411ز) له‌رووی ئیدارییه‌وه‌ سه‌ر به‌ عه‌ممادییه‌ بووه‌، كه‌ نزیكترین قه‌واره‌ی سیاسیی ده‌ڤه‌ره‌كه‌ بووه‌، عه‌ممادییه‌ش سه‌ر به‌ وڵاتی هه‌كاری بووه‌.ژماره‌یه‌ك خێڵی گه‌وره‌ی كوردی وه‌كو خێڵی سندی و مه‌هرانی و سینی و ره‌هزادی و تیره‌ی دیكه‌ی له‌خۆگرتووه‌. هه‌روه‌ها چه‌ندان قه‌ڵا و دژی خاوه‌ن سه‌ربه‌خۆی خۆیان لێ بووه‌، له‌وانه‌ قه‌ڵای حه‌سه‌نییه‌ و شابانی (شه‌عبانی) و زه‌عفه‌ران و باجلایا و ئه‌رده‌مشت و كه‌واشی و شرانش و رابیه‌ و ئه‌لقی و فه‌ره‌ح و سروه‌ و جه‌راحیه‌ و سه‌رباری هه‌ندێ قه‌ڵای بچووكی دیكه‌. له‌ سه‌روبه‌ندی هێرشه‌كانی مه‌غۆل و دوای رووخانی به‌غدا له‌ ساڵی (656ك/ 1258ز) قه‌ڵا و دژه‌كانی ده‌ڤه‌ری زاخۆ رووبه‌رووی شاڵاو و هێرشه‌كانی مه‌غۆل نه‌بووه‌ته‌وه‌، چونكه‌ له‌ ژێر نفووزی ئه‌تابكییه‌تی موصڵ بووه‌، له‌به‌ر ئه‌وه‌ وه‌ك چۆن به‌دره‌ددین لوئلوئی حاكمی موصڵ وه‌لائی بۆ مه‌غۆل ڕاگه‌یاندووه‌ و عزه‌ددین ئایبه‌ك حاكمی عه‌ممادییه‌ی نوێنه‌ری ئه‌ویش وه‌لائی ڕاگه‌یاندووه‌، كه‌ قه‌ڵاكانی ده‌ڤه‌ری زاخۆ سه‌ر به‌و بوون.له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌وه‌ی میر و سه‌ركرده‌ی خێڵه‌كان به‌ تایبه‌تی مه‌هرانی روویان له‌ ده‌وڵه‌تی ئه‌یوبی كردبوو، كه‌چی خێڵی دیكه‌ توانی شوێنی بگرێته‌وه‌ به‌ تایبه‌تی خێڵی سندی، كه‌ خاوه‌نی چه‌كداری زۆر بووه‌. كۆتاییه‌كانی ده‌وڵه‌تی مه‌غۆلی ئیلخانی له‌ عه‌ممادییه‌ میرگه‌یه‌كی سه‌ربه‌خۆ دروست بوو، له‌لایه‌كی دیكه‌وه‌ به‌هۆی وجودی قه‌ڵا و دژه‌ سه‌ربه‌خۆكانی ده‌ڤه‌ری زاخۆ و كزبوونی ڕۆڵی ده‌وڵه‌تی مه‌ركه‌زی وای كرد له‌ سه‌رده‌می ده‌وڵه‌تی جه‌لائیری سوپا و چه‌كداری سه‌ربه‌خۆی تایبه‌ت به‌ قه‌ڵا و خێڵی هه‌بوون، كه‌ ڕاسته‌وخۆ پابه‌ندی بڕیاری میری قه‌ڵا و دژه‌كان بوون.
ئەركێن جهناڤێن ئاماژەیێ‌ د ڕستەیا زمانێ‌ كوردیدا – گۆڤەرا بەهدینی
Authors: Ali Dilbreen abdullah
Published: October 2022

د ڤێ‌ ڤەكۆلینێدا ئەركێن جهناڤێن ئاماژەیێ‌ د ڕستەیا زمانێ‌ كوردیدا – گۆڤەرا بەهدینی بهێنە دیاركرن. مەبەست ژ جهناڤێن ئاماژەیێ‌، ئەو جهناڤن یێن كو بۆ مەرەما ئاماژەكرنێ‌ ل جهێ‌ ناڤێ‌ كەسان یا تشتان بكاردهێن و ب هاریكارییا ئەندامێن لەشێ‌ مرۆڤی (تل، دەست، بری و ...هتد) د دەمێ‌ پراكتیك كرنێدا مەرەم پتر دهێتە ڕۆنكرن. ئەو ناڤێ‌ كو جهناڤێ‌ ئاماژەیێ‌ نواندنا وی دكەت، یان نێزیكە یانژی دویرە. ڤەكۆلین هەردوو لایەنێن تیۆری و پراكتیكی بخۆڤەدگریت، د لایەنێ‌ تیۆریدا ژبلی زاراڤەیێ‌ جهناڤێن ئاماژەیێ‌، هندەك ژ وان زاراڤێن ژ لایێ‌ زمانڤان و ڕێزمانڤانانڤە د ڕێزمانا زمانێ‌ كوردیدا بكارهاتین، ئاماژە پێ‌ هاتییە دان. هەر د ڤی لایەنیدا هندەك پێناسە بۆ جهناڤێ ئاماژەیێ‌ هاتییە كرن، پاشی ئەو جهناڤێن كو د گۆڤەرا بەهدینیدا دهێنە بكارئینان، هاتینە دیاركرن. د لایەنێ‌ پراكتیكی یێ‌ ڤەكۆلینێدا ئەو ئەركە هاتینە دیاركرن یێن كو جهناڤێن ئاماژەیێ‌ د ڕستەیێدا دبینن، ئەو ئەركە ئەڤەنە: (بكەر، نیهاد، جێگرێ‌ بكەری، بەركارێ‌ ڕاستەوخۆ، بەركارێ‌ نەڕاستەوخۆ، تەمامكەرێ‌ كارێ‌ بێهێز). ل دوماهییێ‌ دیاربوویە كو جهناڤێن ئەماژەیێ‌ دشێن ئەركێن جودا جودا د ناڤ ڕستەیێدا ببینن.
تنمية الموارد البشرية كمدخل في إدارة المواهب
Authors: Odeesh James Yohana , Abbas Al Mahmoud Saad Fadel
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على دور تطوير الموارد البشرية في إدارة المواهب وعن طريق الاختبار الميداني لبيانات عينة من القيادات الإدارية في جامعة دهوك التقنية، إذ قام الباحثان ببناء أنموذج افتراضي مستفيدين من الأدبيات النظرية للموضوع، والذي يتناول طبيعة الارتباط والتأثير بين متغيرات البحث والمتمثلة بتطوير الموارد البشرية وإدارة المواهب، وعلى ضوئها تم صياغة فرضيتين رئيستين وتتفرع منها فرضيات فرعية. وتم الاعتماد على الاستبانة لجمع البيانات، والتي وزعت على القيادات الإدارية في جامعة دهوك التقنية وتم تحليلها عن طريق مجموعة من الأساليب الاحصائية في برنامج (SPSS). وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من الاستنتاجات وكانت أهمها بأنه كلما زادت أهتمام جامعة دهوك التقنية بأنشطة (التخطيط الوظيفي، والتدريب، وتقييم الأداء، والتغيير الوظيفي) فأن ذلك يعزز من قدرة إدارتها للمواهب، وأن التغيير الوظيفي في الجامعة المستجيبة يعد من أهم العوامل التي تسهم في استقطاب الجامعة للمواهب وتنميتهم والاحتفاظ عليهم. بينما كانت أهم المقترحات تشير إلى ضرورة إدراك وفهم جامعة دهوك التقنية بأن بقائها ونجاحها مرتبط بأمتلاكها لجهه تتولى إدارة الموارد البشرية الموهوبة ورعايتهم، واعتبار وظائف هذه الإدارة وأنشطتها واستراتيجياتها جزءً من اعمال الجامعة اليومية، ولذلك فمن الضروري أن تقوم الجامعة المستجيبة بتحديث قسم يتولى إدارة المواهب فيها.
واتایا وه‌سفى د په‌یڤێن بوارێ خزمایه‌تیدا (گۆڤه‌را به‌هدینی) وه‌ك نموونه‌
Authors: Ali Sherzad S.
Published: October 2022

واتایا وه‌سفى جۆره‌كه‌ ژ جۆرێن واتایێ، كو خودان واتایه‌كا بنه‌ره‌تییه‌ و ڕۆله‌كێ سه‌ره‌كى د تێگه‌هشتن و په‌یوه‌ندیكرنێدا هه‌یه‌. ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ ب ناڤونیشان:(واتایا وه‌سفى د په‌یڤێن بوارێ خزمایه‌تییدا، گۆڤه‌را به‌هدینى وه‌ك نموونه‌)یه‌، د ئه‌ڤێ ڤه‌كۆلینێدا هه‌ول هاتییه‌ دان، واتایا وه‌سفییا په‌یڤێن خزماتییێ د گۆڤه‌را به‌هدینیدا بهێته‌ دیاركرن، كو ل دویڤ ڕێبازا وه‌سفى شیكاری هاتییه‌ ئه‌نجامدان. ڤه‌كۆلین هه‌ولدده‌ت بزانیت، كا واتایا وه‌سفى دشێت په‌یڤێن بوارێ خزماتییێ ژێكجودابكه‌ت؟ كو ل دوماهیكێ ڤه‌كۆلین گه‌هشتییه‌ چه‌ند ئه‌نجامان، گرنگترین ئه‌نجام ژى ئه‌و بوو:(واتایا وه‌سفى دشێت په‌یڤێن بوارێ خزماتییێ ب شێوه‌كێ هویر ژێكجودابكه‌ت.) ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ ژ دوو پشكان پێكدهێت، پشكا ئێكێ ب ناڤونیشان:(واتایا وه‌سفى و سیماییێن واتایی) و پشكا دووێ یا تایبه‌ته‌ ب (واتایا وه‌سفى و بوارێ خزمایه‌تییێ).
به‌رجه‌سته‌بوونا ململانا هێزێن هه‌ڤدژێن دڕاماتیكى د داستانا "شێخێ سه‌نعان" یا (فه‌قیێ ته‌یران) دا ـــ ب نموونه‌یا جورێن مرۆڤ دژى خۆ و مرۆڤ دژى مرۆڤى ـــ
Authors: Hassan Shivan Q. , Khaled Abdullah A.
Published: October 2022

داستانا "شێخێ سه‌نعان" یا (فه‌قیێ ته‌یران)، وه‌كو داستانه‌كا ئه‌ده‌بیاتا كلاسیكا كوردى، خودان گه‌له‌ك ساخله‌ت و تایبه‌تمه‌ندیێن دڕاماییه‌ كو د شیاندا هه‌یه‌ به‌رجه‌سته‌بوونا پڕانیا توخم و ته‌كنیكێن دڕامایى تێدا ده‌ستنیشان بكه‌ین. توخمێ گرنگێ ململانا دڕاماتیكى، ب گه‌وهه‌ر و هه‌بوونا دڕامایى دهێته‌ هه‌ژمارتن كو بێى ئه‌ڤى توخمى، ده‌قێ دڕامایى چ تام، باندۆر و باڵـكێشیا خۆ نینه‌ و یێ بێ گیانه‌؛ چونكى توخمێ ململانێیه‌ كو ژیان و زیندووییێ دده‌ته‌ ده‌قێ دڕامایى و كه‌ڵـه‌ژان، سه‌ره‌نجڕاكێشى و داغباربوونێ تێدا دروست دكه‌ت. سروشتێ دڕاماتیكى یێ ئه‌ڤێ داستانێ ژى، ده‌رگه‌هێ ئه‌وێ چه‌ندێ بۆ ڤه‌كۆله‌ران ڤه‌دكه‌ت، كو بشێین وه‌كو ده‌قه‌كێ دڕامایى سه‌ره‌ده‌ریێ لگه‌ل بكه‌ین. ب تایبه‌تى ژى، توخمێ ململانا دڕاماتیكى كو گه‌له‌ك بهێزى د ئه‌ڤێ داستانێدا به‌رجه‌سته‌ و خویا دبیت. ململانا دڕاماتیكى لدویڤ سروشت، چه‌مك و ڕه‌وشا خۆ، دابه‌شى لسه‌ر چه‌ندین جوران دبیت، مینا: (جورێ تێگه‌هێ ململانێ یێ به‌رجه‌سته‌، جورێ چۆنیه‌تیا ململانێ و جورێ هه‌بوونا هێزا هه‌ڤدژ). مه‌ ژى جورێ "هه‌بوونا هێزا هه‌ڤدژ" هه‌لبژارتیه‌؛ چونكى ئه‌ڤ جورێ ململانا دڕاماتیكى، زۆرتر ژ جورێن دیتر لگه‌ل سروشت و ناڤه‌ڕۆكا ئه‌ڤێ داستانێدا دگونجیت. له‌وڕا مه‌ كه‌ره‌ستێ ڤه‌كۆلینا خۆ ژ ئه‌ڤێ داستانێ، لژێر ناڤونیشانێ "به‌رجه‌سته‌بوونا ململانا هێزێن هه‌ڤدژێن دڕاماتیكى د داستانا "شێخێ سه‌نعان" یا (فه‌قیێ ته‌یران) دا ــ ب نموونه‌یا جورێن مرۆڤ دژى خۆ و مرۆڤ دژى مرۆڤى ــ "، هه‌لبژارت.
ظاهرة التهريب الكمركي في قضاء زاخو خلال العهد الملكي (1921-1958)
Authors: Mohammad Sherzad Z. , Shekho Wasfiyyah M.
Published: October 2022

إثر تأسيس الدولة العراقية الحديثة سنة 1921، واجهتها الكثير من المشاكل في جميع المجالات السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية، وكان إنتشار ظاهرة التهريب الكمركي إحدى المشاكل التي عانى منها الاقتصاد العراقي الناشيء، وقد أخذ التهريب بالتوسع وتفاقم خلال العهد الملكي. وكان للتهريب تداعيات كبيرة على لواء الموصل واقضيته الحدودية تحديداً قضاء زاخو. جاءت هذه الدراسة للوقوف على كيفية تفشي هذه الظاهرة في زاخو واسباب ذلك، وتتطرق الدراسة الى اهم السلع المهربة من العراق عبر زاخو الى تركيا وسوريا، وكذلك المهربة من هاتين الدولتين الى بقية مدن العراق عبر زاخو. وتم الوقوف على أهم التدابير التي اتخذتها الحكومة العراقية عن طريق متصرفية لواء الموصل وقائمقامية قضاء زاخو، في مكافحة هذه الظاهرة بهذه المنطقة الحدودية الاستراتيجية. كما تناول البحث تواطؤ بعض الأجهزة الحكومية وخاصة الشرطة وموظفي الكمارك مع المهربين، وكيف كانت الحكومة تراقب ذلك الأمر.
UNIFICATION OF THE LEGISLATION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE MILITARY SERVANTS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE AND PERSONS EQUALIZED TO THEM
Authors: Shkuropatskyi Oleksandr , Artiushenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2022

ANNOTATION: the Paper is devoted to the study of the problem of systematization of legislation in the field of social protection of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It is noted that the system of social protection of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and its legal regulation are chaotic, and do not have a proper conceptual sense.

The main directions of reform are analyzed, in particular, adjustment of the content of social and control; systematization and codification of protection of military personnel; improvement of the mechanism for ensuring such social protection legislation on social protection of military personnel; the main problems of reform are highlighted.

Significant influence of the political components, to regulate the social protection of servicemen, particularly by the Government can in the implementation of delegated authority, and the consequences of such influence on the implementation of the social rights of servicemen.

The interaction of General and special rights of military personnel in the field of social protection is analyzed from the point of view of lack of systematization and inconsistency of legal regulation of such rights of military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the mechanism for their implementation.

In the article the conclusion about necessarity of creation of a Code of social protection of the military personnel of the Armed forces of Ukraine was made. The purpose of Code of social protection of the military personnel of the Armed forces of Ukraine is not only to systematize, but also to establish a mechanism for effective regulation and ensuring the implementation of both General and special social rights of military personnel of the armed forces of Ukraine. The General structure of the Code, and the main thematic areas for the content of its sections, as well as mandatory components that determine the mechanism of its action, are proposed.
CRIMINAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIOLENCE IN ARTICLE 38 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Khramtsov Oleкsandr
Published: October 2022

The article gives a criminal-legal description of violence as a category of the General part of the legislation of Ukraine on criminal responsibility. The author's definition of the concept of criminal violence is given in the work. It is emphasized that the latter characterizes the circumstances that exclude the criminal illegality of the act. According to the author, the meaning of violence in these circumstances is as follows: characterizes the factual and legal basis of the circumstances that exclude the criminal illegality of the act; the use of violence against a person is a ground for "unlimited" use of force for protection; in some cases, excessive use of force may lead to criminal responsibility.

Special attention is paid to the criminal and legal characteristics of violence in Art. 38 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is noted that the latter characterizes the legal basis of criminal detention of a person who has committed a criminal offense and determines the legality of such detention. It is reasonably stated that the legal basis for detention should be a socially dangerous infringement, but not a criminal offense. This approach will allow the application of the relevant criminal law norm to cases of such acts by persons who do not have the characteristics of the subject of the crime (have not reached the age of criminal responsibility or non compos).

It is determined that the legal basis for detention is the committing of any socially dangerous act that has the characteristics of a criminal offense. Such conclusions are made on the basis of a systematic analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine on criminal responsibility.

The author argues the erroneousness of the position establishing in the law an exhaustive list of criminal offenses, in the case of which criminal detention is possible. In his opinion, this is possible in case of committing any criminal offense. Based on the analysis of theoretical exploring in the relevant direction and the practice of application of criminal responsibility legislation, a reasonable conclusion is made that murder in excess of the limits of detention of a person who has committed a criminal offense can be committed with both direct and indirect intent.

It is emphasized that the provisions of Art. 36 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine on taking into account the state of strong emotional excitement in the qualification of a person's actions should be extended to cases of lawful detention by a person against whom a criminal offense was committed.

The article provides the author's version of Part 3 of Art. 38 of the legislation of Ukraine on criminal responsibility.
FORMATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SECURITY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX - THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Нavrylenko Alexander , Syroid Tetyana
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the historical and legal review of the problems of the genesis of the international legal framework for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological safety in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. Attention is drawn to the fact that initially the states independently, separately from each other established for themselves a system of anti-epidemic measures. Subsequently, an important step towards ensuring collective epidemiological security was the establishment of dialogue between neighboring countries, primarily to prevent the possibility of transmission of the virus across borders, as well as to coordinate the efforts of governments to stop and eradicate the disease. Relevant provisions were enshrined in many bilateral agreements of the XIX – early XX centuries.

It was noted that over time, the governments of the then leading countries realized that bilateral agreements between border countries alone were not sufficient to establish a legal basis for international epidemiological security and that effective results could only be achieved through the joint efforts of at least all leading European countries. In view of this, from the middle of the XIX century. Envoys from different countries began to gather at international conferences, which invited not only politicians and diplomats, but also medical professionals – hygienists and epidemiologists, who analyzed the situation and made proposals for a common strategy to combat disease.

A review of monuments of international law, first of all, authentic texts of conventions, as well as literature on the formation of international legal bases for sanitary and epidemiological safety, allowed the authors to conclude that during the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries a broad foundation was laid for the international response to the epidemics of plague, cholera, yellow fever and other dangerous diseases, which at that time posed a significant threat to a huge number of people. The measures enshrined in bilateral and multilateral treaties have played a leading role in saving the lives and health of people around the world. By preventing the export and import of dangerous diseases in the conditions of the minimum possible interference in international transport and trade relations, they were to ensure anti-epidemic protection of national borders. In addition, the adopted convention norms of international law after their ratification were implemented into national legislation, relied on the basis of domestic legal acts.
STUDI TENTANG DIAFRAGMA KAKU DAN SEMI - KAKU PADA STRUKTUR GEDUNG DENGAN KETIDAKBERATURAN VERTIKAL
Authors: Hasibuan Samsul A Rahman Sidik , Anisa Yuan
Published: October 2022

Umumnya para insinyur cenderung menganggap bahwa diafragma struktur bangunan adalah kaku, tetapi arsitek sering merencanakan bangunan yang ramping menyebabkan analisis diafragma kaku tidak tepat digunakan. Diafragma kaku dan semi-kaku berperilaku berbeda. Fleksibilitas diafragma mempengaruhi distribusi gaya lateral ke komponen vertikal elemen penahan gaya lateral dalam suatu struktur, diafragma semi-kaku mendistribusikan gaya lateral berdasarkan kekakuan pelat. Bangunan beraturan tidak memiliki diskontinuitas massa, kekakuan atau kekuatan, secara horizontal atau vertikal yang signifikan. Sebaliknya, bangunan tidak beraturan memiliki diskontinuitas yang menyebabkan konsentrasi gaya dan deformasi di mana diskontinuitas terjadi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh penggunaan diafragma kaku dan semi-kaku pada model struktur dengan ketidakberaturan vertikal. Model yang diusulkan dianalisis menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak ETABS Nonlinear melalui analisis beban dorong statik nonlinier. Selanjutnya, dalam tulisan ini diperoleh beberapa kesimpulan diantaranya nilai geser dasar maksimum untuk diafragma kaku struktur meningkat sebesar 115 kN untuk analisis beban dorong statik nonlinier disebabkan oleh peningkatan massa struktur dan diafragma kaku lebih efisien dalam mengurangi perpindahan dibandingkan diafragma semi-kaku, dimana perpindahan berkurang sebesar 8%. Bentuk deformasi struktur terlihat memiliki perbedaan dalam hal ini nilai periode 1 dan 2, namun tidak terlalu signifikan
Reform and Research on the Combination of Production and Education in Plant Protection under the Background of Transformation and Development
Authors: Weng Qiaoyun , Liu Yinghui , Guo Huijing , Yuan Junhai , Yuan Jincheng , Guo Jiang
Published: October 2022

Plant Protection is an agricultural discipline with strong theoretical and practical significance. In order to adapt to the development direction of the society during the transition period and the need for professional talents, the researchers have discussed the teaching mode of the plant protection major from various perspectives of the teaching practice. Through the integration of teaching content and knowledge the overall structure of the course is being made clearer and reasonable; The use of different teaching methods has stimulated the initiative of students and achieved remarkable teaching results; The creativity and practical ability of students have been significantly improved; And the examination and evaluation system has been improved, thereby students’ performance can be truly reflected. Through the reform and research of plant protection industry-academia and practical teaching, a feasible way is proposed for the combination of industry-academia and the cultivation of practical talents.
The Understanding and Development of “Curriculum Gamification” and “Curriculum-Based Game” Concepts in Chinese Kindergartens
Authors: Zong Xinyi , Yang Fan , Zhang Yingjie
Published: October 2022

Games are one of the basic activities in kindergartens, so what do “Curriculum gamification” and “Curriculum based Game” mean? Could kindergarten games become the curriculum? Combined with the history of curriculum development in China, Piaget’s play-stage theory and Vygotsky’s scaffold teaching theory, this paper discusses the differences in the understanding of the concept of “the transformation of curriculum and games”. Using representative cases in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces as examples, and through the analysis of the reform process of “Curriculum Gamification” and “Curriculum-based Game” in the Early Childhood Education (ECE) field, it was found that further exploration both in concept and practice is required to achieve high quality kindergarten education.
Failing at Face Value: The Effect of Biased Facial Recognition Technology on Racial Discrimination in Criminal Justice
Authors: Carina Wang
Published: October 2022

Recent years have seen a rise in the development of technological innovations and their implementation in various industries. Specifically, law enforcement agencies across the United States have partnered with technology companies to deploy facial recognition algorithms in the identification and prosecution of criminal suspects. Yet there is concern that law enforcement’s use of facial recognition algorithms based on biased mugshot data pools can lead to criminalizing innocent civilians. Prominent theories including intersection theory, instrumentalization theory, and Alvarado’s theory were analyzed to review arguments that justify concern. We find that intersection theory is supported by empirical evidence that women of color are put at the greatest disadvantage from technological bias; instrumentalization theory is supported by examples of both positive and negative implementations of facial recognition technology, and Alvarado’s theory further suggests the possible reinforcement of existing biases by these poor applications of technology.
Experiments with adversarial attacks on text genres
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny, Russia, Lepekhin Mikhail , Sharoff Serge ,   University of Leeds Leeds, UK
Published: October 2022

Neural models based on pre-trained transformers, such as BERT or XLM-RoBERTa, demonstrate SOTA results in many NLP tasks, including non-topical classification, such as genre identification. However, often these approaches exhibit low reliability to minor alterations of the test texts. One of the problems concerns topical biases in the training corpus, for example, the prevalence of words on a specific topic in a specific genre can trick the genre classifier to recognise any text on this topic in this genre. In order to mitigate this problem, we investigate techniques for attacking genre classifiers to understand the limitations of the transformer models and to improve their performance. While simple text attacks, such as those based on word replacement using keywords extracted by tfidf, are not capable of deceiving powerful models like XLM-RoBERTa, we show that embedding-based algorithms which can replace some of the most “significant” words with words similar to them, for example, TextFooler, have the ability to influence model predictions in a significant proportion of cases.
Imperative as a matrix predicate in Russian
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow Russian Language Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Letuchiy Alexander
Published: October 2022

The talk focuses on syntactic and semantico-syntactic properties of imperative forms in Russian, used as a main predicate in the complex clause. The main question is whether the special discourse and semantic properties interact with their syntax. Another problem, related to the first one, is whether the nonstandard imperative properties are inherited not only by the whole clause headed by the imperative, but also by the embedded clause. The answer proposed in the article is positive, but the relations between imperative and the properties of the embedded clause are not uniform and not always direct.
Argumentative Text Generation in Economic Domain
Authors:   Vyatka State University Kirov, Russia, Fishcheva I. N. , Osadchiy D. ,   ITMO University Saint Petersburg, Russia, Bochenina K. O. ,   ITMO University Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kotelnikov E. V. ,   Vyatka State University Kirov, Russia
Published: October 2022

The development of large and super-large language models, such as GPT-3, T5, Switch Transformer, ERNIE, etc., has significantly improved the performance of text generation. One of the important research directions in this area is the generation of texts with arguments. The solution of this problem can be used in business meetings, political debates, dialogue systems, for preparation of student essays. One of the main domains for these applications is the economic sphere. The key problem of the argument text generation for the Russian language is the lack of annotated argumentation corpora. In this paper, we use translated versions of the Argumentative Microtext, Persuasive Essays and UKP Sentential corpora to fine-tune RuBERT model. Further, this model is used to annotate the corpus of economic news by argumentation. Then the annotated corpus is employed to fine-tune the ruGPT-3 model, which generates argument texts. The results show that this approach improves the accuracy of the argument generation by more than 20 percentage points (63.2% vs. 42.5%) compared to the original ruGPT-3 model.
Information-analytical system for supporting of the process of examination of the thyroid gland using ultrasound
Authors: Vdovichenko Oleg , Averchenkov Andrey , Sheptunov Sergey
Published: October 2022

In modern conditions, the healthcare system is going through a stage of active implementation of information and analytical tools. In the regions contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, activities for the prevention, detection and management of cases of thyroid diseases are of particular importance. Modern formalized methods of analysis, such as methods for searching for association rules, clustering using self-organizing maps, have sufficient functionality and effectiveness to be introduced as sources of new knowledge about the signs of thyroid diseases. In this paper, the authors consider the stages and results of developing a software package for information and analytical support for the process of examining the thyroid gland using ultrasound.
RENCANA KEBIJAKAN ZONASI WILAYAH PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL DI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Ramdhan , Daulat August , Sudirman Nasir
Published: October 2022

Wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil telah berkembang menjadi pusat-pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Untuk itu tiap provinsi diwajibkan untuk memiliki suatu Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No.23 tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Pasal 14. Dokumen Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil untuk suatu provinsi memerlukan deskripsi potensi sumber daya pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil beserta kegiatan pemanfaatannya, isu-isu strategis wilayah, tujuan, kebijakan dan strategi pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil, rencana alokasi ruang, peraturan pemanfaatan ruang dan indikasi program. Tulisan ini akan mendeskripsikan bagian dari rencana kebijakan zonasi di wilayah perairan pesisir Provinsi Bali.
Баланс массы ледника № 139 бассейна озера Каракуль Восточного Памира
Authors:   Государственное научное учреждение «Центр изучения ледников Академии наук Республики Таджикистан», 734025, Таджикистан, г. Душанбе, пр-т Рудаки, 33, Кабутов Х.К. , Каюмов А. ,   Государственное научное учреждение «Центр изучения ледников Академии наук Республики Таджикистан», 734025, Таджикистан, г. Душанбе, пр-т Рудаки, 33, Т. Сакс ,   Фрибургский университет, Департамент наук о Земле, Фрибург, Швейцария, Наврузшоев Х.Д. ,   Государственное научное учреждение «Центр изучения ледников Академии наук Республики Таджикистан», 734025, Таджикистан, г. Душанбе, пр-т Рудаки, 33, Восидов Ф.К. , Неккадамова Н.М. ,   Государственное научное учреждение «Центр изучения ледников Академии наук Республики Таджикистан», 734025, Таджикистан, г. Душанбе, пр-т Рудаки, 33, Халимов А.М. ,   Государственное научное учреждение «Центр изучения ледников Академии наук Республики Таджикистан», 734025, Таджикистан, г. Душанбе, пр-т Рудаки, 33
Published: October 2022

Горные ледники, к которым относятся также и малоизученные ледники бассейна оз. Каракуль, считаются наиболее уязвимой частью криосферы, непосредственно реагирующей на изменения климатических условий. Следует отметить, что только в 1953 г. были осуществлены аэрофотосъёмки и выполнены единичные полевые изыскания по изучению оледенения бассейна оз. Каракуль. Следовательно, исследование ледников данного бассейна имеет большое научное значение в том числе в области гляциологии и климатологии. Целью данной статьи является расчёт поверхностного баланса массы (SMB) ледника № 139 в бассейне оз. Каракуль, позволяющий на основе полученных результатов оценить степень влияния изменения климата на оледенение данной территории, а также перспективу изменения состояния ледников в будущем. В период с 2018 по 2019 г. баланс массы ледника № 139 бассейна оз. Каракуль составил -0.26 м в.э. Ледник № 139 находится на юго-западной части бассейна оз. Каракуль. На основе данных, полученных c метеостанции Каракуль, установлено, что климат в бассейне оз. Каракуль сурово-холодный, c малоснежной зимой и мягким летом. Основная масса осадков приходится на теплый период. Ввиду того, что в историческом прошлом и до недавних пор на данной территории не велись наблюдения за балансом массы ледников, полученные результаты могут стать исходными данными для расширения познаний в научно-практической области и способствовать увеличению точности моделирования динамики ледников в данном регионе.
Differences in Nutritional Value and Antioxidant Activity in Meat Products and Sausage Made of Bali Beef and Lamtoro Beef
Authors: Wulandani Baiq Rani Dewi , Bulkaini Bulkaini , Sukirno Sukirno , Kisworo Djoko , Yulianto Wahid , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: October 2022

Processed meat products that are common and much preferred by the consumers are sausages and beef meatballs. This processed product has the disadvantage that it has a high-fat content, causing faster oxidative damage. This study aims to observe differences in the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of meatballs and sausages from Bali-beef and Lamtoro-beef. The main research material is fresh Bali-beef and lamtoro beef using several chemicals and laboratory equipment related to proximate analysis and antioxidant testing. The study was designed based on a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 3 replications and continued with Duncan's test SPSS version 16 programme. The results showed that the highest crude protein content was found in lamtoro-beef with lower fat content, water content, and ash content compared to fresh Bali-beef. Meatball and sausage products with the raw material of lamtoro-beef were not significantly (P>0.05) had a higher crude protein content than meatballs and sausages with the raw material of Balin-beef. The antioxidant activity of fresh Bali-beef and its processed products (meatballs and sausages) was not significantly (P>0.05) higher than the antioxidant activity of lamtoro-beef. Conclusion: Lamtoro-beef and its processed products in the form of meatballs and sausages have a higher protein content with lower fat content, water content and ash content compared to fresh Bali-beef. Meatball and sausage products made from fresh beef were not significantly (P>0.05) had higher antioxidant activity than lamtoro-beef.
Diversity of Floricultural Crops traded in Langsa City Aceh Indonesia
Authors: S Pandia Ekariana , Shahra Farah Diba , Sentosa Zill Sekar Gading Fawwaz , Ayu Mughnita
Published: October 2022

Indonesia is a tropical country that has abundant biodiversity, including floriculture plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of floricultural plants traded in Langsa City. Determination of the research location by purposive sampling. This research was conducted using survey and interview methods, namely tracing floriculture plant traders in each sub-district of Langsa City. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively, namely grouping by type (species) and family. The diversity of floricultural plants traded in Langsa City is 234 species belonging to 61 families. In Langsa Baro sub-district there are 109 species and 39 families; Langsa Barat as many as 52 species and 19 families; Langsa Kota as many as 96 species and 37 families; Langsa Lama as many as 26 species and 12 families; Langsa Timur as many as 86 species and 30 families. The Araceae family is the largest family found in all floricultural plants traded in Langsa City, which is as many as 51 species.
Pollen collected by stingless bees Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith, 1857) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) from Central Sulawesi
Authors: Masrianih Masrianih , Dhafir Fatmah , Trianto Manap
Published: October 2022

The diversity of pollinating insects is used as conservation management. Pollen is gametophyte from male which can give characteristics to its offspring. The pollen carried by bees can be used as an identification of feed favored by bees. This study aims to identity pollen derived from the legs of stingless bees based on the color morphological characteristics of the pollen. The methods include color identification of pollen collected by stingless bees, pollen extraction, acetolysis, and pollen identification. Pollen with the same species at the study site has a color that is not much different. Stingless bees take pollen based on the size and distance of the plant to the hive. Smell and color as a secondary binder for stingless bees. Different plant pollen species can also be influenced by the protein requirements of each stingless bee colony. It can recognize the presence of flowering plants aroud the hive. The size of pollen can affect the bees in taking plant pollen.