bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Noninvasive Technology for Real-Time Assessment of Critical Blood Values: A Pilot Clinical Study
Authors: Ettrich Rüdiger H. , Caballero Joshua , Ahmed Sultan , Hurlston Traci , Parmar Jayesh , Deb Subrata
Published: February 2023

There are several point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for measuring critical laboratory values, but real-time utility can be cumbersome considering need for blood draws, multiple cartridges, and potential for delays in obtaining results. Digital Blood Corporation (DBC) developed an algorithm for non-invasive, real-time measurement of multiple values. The objective of this study was to compare the values obtained using a POCT device with the DBC’s non-invasive methodology and to evaluate the robustness of the algorithm. After Institutional Review Board approval, a pilot and feasibility study was conducted in healthy ambulatory individuals aged 18-64 years. Radial arterial blood was collected for the POCT comparator analysis using the Abbott i-STAT® device. The four parameters directly measured for DBC’s algorithm included temperature, hemoglobin, and partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide (pO2 and pCO2, respectively). Using these values, the algorithm calculated sodium, potassium, chloride, ionized calcium (iCa), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), pH, bicarbonate, and oxygen saturation (SO2). Bland-Altman difference plot were calculated for analyzing the agreement between the Abbott i-STAT® device and DBC’s non-invasive methodology. For a second set of data, pO2 and pCO2 values collected using the Abbott i-STAT® device were used as input for DBC’s algorithm to test robustness of the algorithm. Data from 37 participants (mean age: 42.4 + 13 years; range: 18-64 years) were included in the primary analysis. Mean difference was less than 5% for sodium, chloride, pH, SO2, and bicarbonate; 6-10% for hemoglobin, TCO2 and pCO2; and greater than 10% for iCA, potassium, and pO2. The greatest variation between POCT and DBC’s approach was observed for pO2. Algorithm values that depend upon pO2 precision obtained from the TINA TCM4 radiometer are expected to show greatest deviation. Replacing transcutaneous pO2 and pCO2 values from the TINA TCM4 instrument with Abbott i-STAT values demonstrates the robustness of DBC’s algorithm and its ability to predict blood values comparable to the POC device in healthy patients. This pilot study serves as a proof of concept to trigger future study and further development of the DBC’s non-invasive device in critical care settings and test the usability of the device via quantitative and qualitative measures with different healthcare providers (e.g., pharmacists, nurses, paramedics). The broader clinical significance especially among critically ill adults and children remains to be determined.
The Role of a Lung Vascular Endothelium Enriched Gene TMEM100
Authors: Pan JiaKai , Liu Bin , Dai Zhiyu
Published: February 2023

Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) plays an important role in angiogenesis, vascular morphogenesis, integrity and cardiovascular development. TMEM100 is a downstream target of the BMP9/10 and BMPR2/ALK1 signaling pathways. Our recent study demonstrates TMEM100 is a lung endothelium enriched gene. Endothelial-specific deletion of Tmem100 impairs lung endothelial cells regeneration. Activation of Tmem100 signaling represents a novel strategy for lung vascular repair and regeneration. It is interesting and important to understand the roles of TMEM100 in the physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of TMEM100.
Improving Concrete Infrastructure Projects Conditions by Mitigating Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Fine Aggregates
Authors: Akhnoukh Amin
Published: February 2023

Alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) is one of multiple reactions responsible for premature loss in concrete infrastructure service life. ASR is a deleterious reaction initiated when highly reactive silicious content of aggregates reacts with alkali hydroxides content within portland cement in the presence of moisture. ASR results in the formation of expansive, white-colored gel-like material which results in internal stresses within hardened concrete. ASR induced stresses result in concrete cracking, spalling, and increased reinforcement steel corrosion rates. The main objective of this research is to improve the conditions of concrete infrastructure projects conditions by mitigating ASR damaging effect. The expansion of accelerated mortar bars poured using fine aggregates collected from different sources is measured versus time to evaluate aggregate’s reactivity. Different percentages of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) including class c fly ash, micro-silica, were used in remixing mortar bars to evaluate the efficiency of different types of SCMs in mitigating mortar bar expansion. Research findings showed that SCMs can mitigate ASR, thus, decrease the mortar bar expansion. The efficiency of SCMs in ASR mitigation is highly dependent on the incorporated SCM percentage and particle fineness. Silica fume, having the least particle size, displayed higher rates of ASR mitigation followed by fly ash, respectively. The outcomes of this research will assist design engineers in avoiding future losses due to ASR cracking in concrete infrastructure projects, and reduce the excessive need to maintenance, repair, and replacement activities.
Exploring the Effects of Environmental Knowledge and Health Insurance Coverage on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Sample of Rural Women in China
Authors: Liu Yong , Ruiz-Menjivar Jorge , Carr Brent R. , Lepheana Mosili
Published: February 2023

Rural women in developing nations are especially vulnerable to higher health risks due to environmental pollution exposure and are more likely to experience poorer health outcomes. Using data from the 2013 China General Social Survey CGSS2013, this study empirically examined the relationship among environmental knowledge (EK), pollution, health investment, and health status of women residing in rural regions in China. We employed a nationally representative sample of 1,930 female individuals for our analysis. Our results showed that the level of EK for women in rural China significantly impacted their self-reported physical and mental health. In order to account for potential endogeneity due to mutual causality, this study employed television usage and network usage as two instrument variables (IVs) of EK. We performed an IV-probit method to correct the estimated errors due to endogeneity. Additionally, to assess the reliability and robustness of our results, we re-estimated our model by replacing health status with the variable Body Mass Index (BMI). The results were consistent, providing evidence of robustness. Additionally, we examined the relationship between health investment (holding and purchasing a public health insurance policy, engaging in frequent physical activity, and acquiring commercial insurance) and health status. Our results indicate that the level of EK had no significant impact on participating in the new rural cooperative medical system. However, the preference of purchasing commercial insurance was positively impacted by EK, though it does not have a direct impact on the health condition. Conversely, an increase in EK and pollution is associated with a greater likelihood of engaging in physical exercise, which could, in turn, improve overall mental health.
Bioinspired Cyclic Dipeptide Functionalized Nanofibers for Thermal Sensing and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Santos Daniela , Baptista Rosa M. F. , Handa Adelino , Almeida Bernardo , Rodrigues Pedro V. , Torres Ana R. , Machado Ana , Belsley Michael , De Matos Gomes Etelvina
Published: February 2023

Nanostructured dipeptide self-assemblies exhibiting quantum confinement are of great interest due to their potential applications in the field of materials science as optoelectronic materials for energy harvesting devices. Among those, aromatic cyclo-dipeptides containing the amino acid tryptophan are wide-band gap semiconductors displaying high mechanical rigidity, photoluminescence and piezoelectric properties to be used in power generation. In this work, we report the fabrication of hybrid systems based on chiral cyclo-dipeptide L-Tryptophan- L-Tryptophan incorporated into biopolymer electrospun fibers. The micro/nanofibers contain self-assembled nanospheres embedded into the polymer matrix are wide-band gap semiconductors (gap energy 3.8 eV), display blue photoluminescence and relevant piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties with coefficients as high as 57 pCN-1 and 35×10-6 Cm-2k-1, respectively. They are therefore promise systems for thermal sensing and energy harvesting applications.
Microstructure and Strength Parameter of Cement Stabilized Loess
Authors: Axel Mani , Li Xi`an , Wen Feng , An Ming Xiao
Published: February 2023

In this study, cement is used as the component that provides the stabilizing effect in order to evaluate the hardness and stability of loess soil. To assess the strength characteristics of loess soil reinforced with cement, samples were created with four different cement contents and three different curing times. The materials were put through a series of tests to determine their flexural strength, direct shear strength, indirect tensile strength, and unconfined compressive strength. An appropriate cement dosage was found, in addition to a durability index that could be used to quantify the effect of water absorption investigations on cement-stabilized loess. Both of these discoveries were made simultaneously. Analyses of investigations such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) examinations were carried out so that the fundamental mechanics of the materials could be comprehended. According to the findings, the cohesion of cement-stabilized loess is significantly more sensitive to structure than the friction angle of the material, and the cohesion is responsible for the increase in shear strength after remolding. To get the desired level of strength, it is necessary to adjust the cement's proportions. In addition, as the curing period progresses, we see an increase in the cement-stabilized loess's resistance and stiffness. This is because of the interactions that take place between the structure and the mineral composition. It is believed that this event was caused by the cementation that occurs naturally. As a consequence of this reaction, the production of new cementitious materials takes place. The cation exchange that causes the hydration and pozzolanic reaction that leads to the creation of aggregates and interparticle flocculation is responsible for their production. These findings suggest that cement may be utilized as a simple and effective method of loess stabilization, which will ultimately result in improved performance of the loess.
Employment of Fracture Mechanics Criteria for Accurate Assessment of the Full Set of Elastic Constants of Orthorhombic/Tetragonal Mono-Crystalline YBCO
Authors: Chaudhuri Reaz A.
Published: February 2023

The effect of elastic constants, cij, on the nature (easy or difficult) of a cleavage system in YBa2Cu3O7−δ is investigated, by employing a novel three-dimensional eigenfunction expansion technique, based in part on separation of the thickness-variable and partly a modified Frobenius type series expansion technique in conjunction with the Eshelby-Stroh formalism. Out of the available three complete sets of elastic constants, the first constitutes an estimate, while the second assumes tetragonal symmetry. This leaves only the experimental measurements by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, despite reported values of c12 and to a lesser extent, c66, being excessively high. The present investigation considers six through-thickness crack systems weakening orthorhombic YBCO mon-crystalline plates. More important, the present approach predicts whether a crack would propagate in its original plane/direction or deflect to a different one. This fracture mechanics criterion is then employed for accurate determination of the full set of elastic constants of mono-crystalline YBCO. Finally, generally unavailable results, pertaining to the through-thickness variations of stress intensity factors and energy release rates for a crack corresponding to symmetric and skew-symmetric hyperbolic cosine loads that also satisfy the boundary conditions on the bounding surfaces of an orthorhombic monocrystalline plate bridge a longstanding gap in the field.
The Use of Drones to Delivery Rift Valley Fever Vaccines in Rwanda: Perceptions and Recommendations
Authors: Griffith Evan , Schurer Janna , Mawindo Billy , Kwibuka Rita , Turibyarive Thierry , Amuguni Hellen
Published: February 2023

Given the recent emergence of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in Rwanda and its profound impact on livelihoods and health, improving RVF prevention and control strategies is crucial. Vaccinating livestock is one of the most sustainable strategies to mitigate the impact of RVF on health and livelihoods, yet vaccine supply chain constraints severely limit the effectiveness of vaccination programs. In the human health sector, unmanned aerial vehicles, i.e., drones, are increasingly being used to improve supply chains and last-mile vaccine delivery. We investigated perceptions on whether delivering RVF vaccines by drone in Rwanda might help to overcome logistical constraints in the vaccine supply chain. We conducted semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the animal health sector and Zipline employees in Nyagatare District in the Eastern Province of Rwanda and used content analysis to identify key themes. We found that stakeholders in the animal health sector and Zipline employees believe that drones could improve RVF vaccination in Nyagatare. The main benefits study participants identified included decreased transportation time, improved cold chain maintenance, and cost savings.
HTC-Grasp: A Hybrid Transformer-CNN Architecture for Robotic Grasp Detection
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Zhu Jianwei , Sun Xueying , Liu Mingmin
Published: February 2023

We introduce a novel hybrid Transformer-CNN architecture for robotic grasp detection, designed to enhance the accuracy of grasping unknown objects. Our proposed architecture has two key designs. Firstly, we develop a hierarchical transformer as the encoder, incorporating the external attention to effectively capture the correlation features across the data. Secondly, the decoder is constructed with cross-layer connections to efficiently fuse multi-scale features. Channel attention is introduced in the decoder to model the correlation between channels and to adaptively recalibrate the channel correlation feature response, thereby increasing the weight of the effective channels. Our method is evaluated on the Cornell and Jacquard public datasets, achieving an image-wise detection accuracy of 98.3% and 95.8% on each dataset, respectively. Additionally, we achieve object-wise detection accuracy of 96.9% and 92.4% on the same datasets. A physical experiment is also performed using the Elite 6Dof robot, with a grasping accuracy rate of 93.3%, demonstrating the proposed method's ability to grasp unknown objects in real-world scenarios. The results of this study show that our proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Low-Income Schoolchildren: A Complex System Perspective
Authors: Bezerra Thaynã , Souza Filho Anastácio , Quirino Natália , Bandeira Paulo , Cabral Luciana , Reuter Cézane , Martins Clarice , Carvalho Ferdinando
Published: February 2023

This study analysed through the perspective of networks the association between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight low-income schoolchildren from the perspective of complex systems. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 overweight children between 6 and 10 years old (56% girls). PA and SB were analysed by accelerometer, and the measures of cardiovascular factor risk were: anthropometric and hemodynamic measurements, body fat, lipid profile and glucose, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), left ven-tricular mass (LVM), and Sokolov-Lyon. Network analysis with Boot-strap-1000 was performed to analyze the association between PA, SB and the cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Moderate to vigorous PA was positive related with Waist circumference (WC; 0.499), HDL-C (0.307), and CRF (0.276), and negatively associated with BMI (-0.251) and Fat (-0.341). For SB, positive associations were seen with WC (0.326), CRF (0.296), LVM (0.250) and Sokolov (0.215). Adicionalment, the centrality indicators highlighted WC as the most important variable in the network. Conclu-sion: Interventions that aim to mitigate the harmful effects of obesity on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight children should consider WC as an important variable in of system.
Forecasting the Amount of Blood Storage Using the Support Vector Machine (Svm) Method
Authors: Putra Pratama Novi Prastyanda , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: February 2023

Blood transfusion is a process of sending or transferring blood to another place and the task is delegated to the PMI Blood Donation Unit with several tasks including; deployment and preservation of blood donors, provision and processing of blood, and distribution of blood to health agencies. However, the supply and demand from health agencies have a significant difference. The difference for each blood group is very large, in group O deficiency by 28%, in group A deficiency by 38%, in group B excess by 28%, and in group AB deficiency by 84%. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to estimate the demand for blood that will occur in the future period. One of the tools that can answer this problem is demand forecasting and what will be used in this study is forecasting using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. This SVM method is a relatively new machine learning-based technique for making predictions, both used in classification and regression cases. The result of this study obtained good MAPE values, namely in blood group O is 14%, in blood group A is 15%, in blood group B is 13%, and in blood type AB is 24%.
The Effect Of Service Quality, Product Quality And Store Atmosphere On Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Arifin Mochammad Rizal , Cahyana Athika Sidhi
Published: February 2023

The food service business is a business that continues to grow and the competition is tight, in this case Rosella Coffee 1.1, which is one of the providers of the food service business, must develop and compete in a healthy and strong manner. Based on observations made by Rosella Coffee 1.1 which has a new operational time of almost 1 (one) year, Rosella Coffee 1.1 needs to conduct at least a survey of customers regarding the services provided, because the income received is still quite small and the recording of income is still not maintained on data- the data. This study aims to determine how the influence of service quality, product quality, and store atmosphere on customer satisfaction at Rosella Coffee 1.1. The method used is quantitative using a survey which has 140 respondents using purposive sampling technique and the questionnaire is the main data. The analysis of this research uses the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method which is a statistical analysis technique to build and test models in the form of cause-and-effect relationships.The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of service quality on customer satisfaction with a CR value of 2.582 and p 0.010. Meanwhile, product quality has no effect on customer satisfaction with CR values ​​of 0,000 and p 1,000. And store atmosphere has an influence on customer satisfaction with a CR value of 3.896 and p 0.000.
La implicación social en la acción y gobernanza climática urbana: lecciones desde Barcelona y Sevilla
Authors: Satorras Grau Mar , Lara-Garcia Ángela , Ruiz-Mallén Isabel , Del Moral Leandro , Berraquero-Díaz Luis , Oteros-Rozas Elisa , March Hug
Published: February 2023

La acción climática se ha consolidado en las ciudades a través de nuevas iniciativas sociales y estrategias institucionales. Este artículo pretende contribuir a entender la implicación social en la acción y gobernanza climática urbana a través de un análisis comparativo en dos ciudades españolas (Barcelona y Sevilla) guiado por tres preguntas de investigación: 1) ¿Qué espacios de colaboración con la administración y/o con otras entidades para la acción y la gobernanza climática urbana se han generado?; 2) ¿Qué motivaciones y expectativas tienen las entidades sociales para involucrarse en estos espacios?; y 3) ¿En qué medida las entidades activas en la acción climática colaboran (o no) con la administración para la gobernanza climática, y qué límites perciben? Esta investigación combina una revisión de políticas e iniciativas sociales frente al cambio climático, con entrevistas a entidades clave en la acción climática urbana, para mostrar una expansión y diferenciación de los espacios de colaboración con la administración y con otras entidades para la acción y gobernanza climática en ambas ciudades; y una diversidad de motivaciones para implicarse (o no) en ellos. Entender mejor los límites y oportunidades de las nuevas alianzas público-cívicas es clave para construir respuestas arraigadas y transformadoras frente la emergencia climática.
Automatic Interpretation of Oil and Gas Well Cement Evaluation Logs Using Fuzzy Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Saleh Nezhad Mojtaba , Akbarizadeh Gholamreza , Seifi Kavian Yousef , Salehi-Moorkani Reza
Published: February 2023

Cementing, as a common operation in well drilling and completions, requires accurate calculations and feasible studies. High-quality well cementing is necessary to achieve objectives and to prevent accidents and damage. The correct levels of cementation and cementation of good quality must be achieved, and thus both of these must be accurately evaluated. Cement bond quality can be assessed in various methods, for instance, the use of acoustic equipment. Acoustic readings can be processed to generate graphics of the cement status. These images are inspected by experts who assess the cement bonding visually, providing qualitative estimates of their quality. Regarding the explanations, industry needs automatic, fast, and intelligent methods. In this study, the performance of neural networks for automatic interpretation was evaluated and combined with fuzzy systems. We present a convolutional neural network (CNN) to address these challenges. The data were extracted from the oilwell logs of District 1 of Ahvaz, sampled by the National Iranian South Oil Company (NISOC), and were divided into three classes of cementing bond quality—namely, good, midrate, and bad. Each class contained 1 m data entries. The input to the CNN comprised images of sampled variable density logs (VDLs). In the second stage of analysis, the weights of the learned networks were optimized and replaced with a Bees algorithm (BA) and a fuzzy system (fuzzy-CNN). The estimated efficiency of the CNN to classify the well cement quality and fuzzy-CNN was 80.15 and 83.62%, respectively. The study provides insight into the efficiency and outputs of each of the networks studied. Problems encountered in training the networks to operate optimally as an automatic interpretation system were investigated and are discussed.
A New Water Hammer Decay Model: Analyzing the Interference of Multiple Fractures and Perforations on Decay Rate
Authors: Luo Yinghao , Hu Xiaodong , Zhou Fujian , Qiu Yang , Lu Xutao , Li Jinyuan , Wang Yajing
Published: February 2023

Hydraulic fracturing technology is an important technique for developing tight oil and gas resources. Multicluster fracture diagnosis is significant for hydraulic fracture design and optimization. Water hammer fracturing diagnostic technology is an emerging diagnostic technology. Fracture network complexity can be assessed by the water hammer decay rate. In this paper, a new characteristic line coupling model for the fracture-wellbore system is proposed. This model calculates the number of fractures and perforations based on the water hammer signal. First, our paper defines a method for calculating the water hammer decay rate. Second, a characteristic line simulation method for water hammer coupled with fractures and perforations is proposed. Third, the effects of different fracture-wellbore systems on the water hammer decay rate are analyzed. The method is validated by laboratory experiments and numerical analysis. Finally, through a field case, the results of the number of fracture openings explained by the optical fiber and our model are compared to provide support for the field water hammer fracturing diagnosis. Our paper provides a new model for water hammer decay rate calculation and evaluation of fracture number.
Sublethal effects of cadmium on the osmoregulatory and acid-base parameters of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at various times
Authors: Soegianto Agoes , Yulianto Bambang , Payus Carolyn Melissa , Affandi Moch , Mukholladun Wildanun , Indriyasari Khudrotul Nisa , Marchellina Ary , Rahmatin Nailul Muthiati
Published: February 2023

Background. Cadmium (Cd) can contaminate aquatic environments as a result of anthropogenic activity. Cd accumulates quickly in the tissues of fish and has the potential to affect their physiology, including osmoregulation and acid-base balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the sublethal effects of Cd on the osmoregulation and acid-base balance of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at different times.
Methods. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cd (1 and 2 mg/L) for 4 and 15 days. At the end of the experiment, fish were collected from each treatment to examine the levels of Cd and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the gills, plasma osmolality, ions, blood pH, pCO2, pO2, and hematological parameters.
Results. Cd concentrations in gills rose with increasing Cd concentrations in the medium and exposure time. Cd inhibited respiration by generating metabolic acidosis, decreasing gill CA, reducing pO2, plasma osmolality, Cl-, and K+, particularly at 2 mg/L for 4 days and 1 and 2 mg/L for 15 days. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) levels decreased as Cd levels in water and exposure duration increased.
Conclusion. Cd inhibits respiration, lowers RCB, Hb, and Ht levels, and decreases ionic and osmotic regulation. All of these impairments can limit a fish's ability to provide appropriate oxygen to its cells, hence diminishing its physical activity and productivity.
Type I Fiber-Predominant Muscle Targeted- Low Volume Progressive Resistance Training Improves Aerobic Capacity in Young Sedentary Individuals
Authors: ŞAHİN Elif , AYAR Ahmet
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE: This pilot study examined possible effects of a low-volume, short-term progressive resistance exercise (PRE) protocol, specifically targeting muscles with predominantly type I fibers (namely soleus, tibialis anterior, vastus medialis, adductor magnus and biceps femoris), on aerobic capacity in young sedentary individuals.
METHODS: Volunteer (19-25 year old) were randomly assigned into one of the three group: PRE (performed progressive resistance training, targeting muscles with predominantly type I fibers, 25 minutes bouts, 3 times/week, for 6 weeks), walking (W) (65-75 % of maximal heart rate, 25 minutes bouts, 3 times/week for 6 weeks) and control group (C) (n=12 for each). Baseline and final evaluations of cardiopulmonary fitness (included VO2 peak, breathing reserve, e.g) was assessed by incremental cardio-pulmonary exercise testing
RESULTS: In PRE group, median value of peak VO2 significantly increased (from 33,55 ml/kg.min-1 to 37,4 ml/kg.min-1, p=0,008) after training, while no significant change was obtained in W and C groups. VO2 peak/fat free mass (FFM) significantly increased from 40,36 ml/kg.min-1 to 45,4 ml/kg.min-1 in PRE group (p= 0,006) but did not change significantly in either W or C group. Breathing reserve at maximum exercise level was 82,4 L (74,8-105,6) before training and this value was 62,4 L (55,2-83,4) after training at PRE group (p=0,003) but did not change significantly in W and C group either.
CONCLUSION: Results implicates that, this time-saving protocol, also suitable for performing in the home environment, could be beneficial for young sedentary individuals who can not perform aerobic exercise.
Machine Learning-enabled Globally Guaranteed Evolutionary Computation
Authors: Li Bin , Wei Ziping , Wu Jingjing , Yu Shuai , Zhang Tian , Zhu Chunli , Zheng Dezhi , Guo Weisi , Zhao Chenglin , Zhang Jun
Published: February 2023

Evolutionary computation, e.g., particle swarm optimization (PSO), has made impressive achievements in solving complex problems in science and industry. As an important open problem for more than 50 years, there is still no theoretical guarantee on the global optimum and the general reliability, due to lack of a unified representation of diverse problem structures and a generic mechanism to avoid local optimums. The long-standing pitfalls severely impair their trusted applications in a variety of problems. Here, we report a new evolutionary computation framework aided by machine learning, named EVOLER, which for the first time enables the theoretically guaranteed global optimization of complex nonconvex problems. This is achieved by: (1) learning a low-rank representation of problem with the limited samples, which helps to identify one attention subspace; and (2) exploring this small attention subspace via the evolutionary computation method, which allows to reliably avoid local optimums. As validated on 20 challenging benchmarks, it finds the global optimum with probability approaching 1; and moreover, it attains the best results in all cases, thus substantially extending the applicability in diverse problems. We use EVOLER to tackle 2 important problems, dispatch of power grid and inverse design of nano-photonics devices, whereby it consistently gains the optimal results that were rarely achieved by state-of-the-art methods. Our method takes a crucial step forward in globally guaranteed evolutionary computation, overcoming the uncertainty of data-driven black-box methods, offering broad prospects for tackling complex real-world problems.
Ride-Brain optimization-based Job-shop scheduling in Product Lifecycle Management
Authors: Mule Jaykumar Yoga , Lokhande Amol
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The importance of species addition versus replacement varies over succession in plant communities after glacial retreat
Authors: Cantera Isabel , Carteron Alexis , Guerrieri Alessia , Marta Silvio , Bonin Aurélie , Ambrosini Roberto , Anthelme Fabien , Azzoni Roberto , Almond Peter , Gazitúa Pablo Alviz , Cauvy-fraunié Sophie , Lievano Jorge Ceballos , Chand Pritam , Sarma Milap Chand , Clague John , Rapre Justiniano Alejo Cochachín , Compostella Chiara , Encarnación Rolando Cruz , Dangles Olivier , Eger Andre , Erokhin Sergey , Franzetti Andrea , Gielly Ludovic , Gili Fabrizio , Gobbi Mauro , Hagvar Sigmund , Khedim Norine , Meneses Rosa , Peyre Gwendolyn , Pittino Francesca , Rabatel Antoine , Urseitova Nurai , Yang Yan , Zaginaev Vitalii , Zerboni Andrea , Zimmer Anais , Taberlet Pierre , Diolaiuti Guglielmina , Poulenard Jérôme , Thuiller Wilfried , Caccianiga Marco , Ficetola Francesco
Published: February 2023

Mechanisms underlying plant succession remain highly debated. A global quantification of the relative importance of species addition versus replacement is lacking due to the local scope of most studies. We quantified their role in the variation of plant communities colonizing the forelands of 46 retreating glaciers distributed worldwide, using both environmental DNA and traditional surveys. Both mechanisms concur in determining community changes over time but their relative importance varied over time along successions. Taxa addition predominated immediately after glacier retreat, as expected in harsh environments, while replacement became more important for late-successional communities. Those changes were aligned with total beta-diversity changes, which were larger between early successional communities than between late-successional communities (>50 years since glacier retreat). Despite the complexity of community assembly over plant succession, our global pattern suggests a generalized shift from the dominance of facilitation and/or stochastic processes in early successional communities to a predominance of competition later on.
Embodied carbon emission in the industrial equity portfolios of the leading global asset managers
Authors: Guan Dabo , Chen Danbo , Yu Xiang , Zhang Zengkai , Wang Jinglei , Chen Yuxing
Published: February 2023

Investors, hidden at the top of the global supply chain, are the key beneficiaries of the entire chain. However, they appear to generate only a small number of direct emissions which may obscure the reality that they should undertake more climate responsibility. No systematic accounting and disclosure of carbon emissions are incorporated in the financial institution assets. Here, we examine the embodied carbon emissions of the 380 leading global asset managers, using industrial equity portfolios as an example, and show that the embodied carbon emissions of these companies' industrial portfolios have reached 636.97–875.88 MtCO2-eq, and are expected to rising rapidly in 2019. Over 90% of the financed carbon emissions were embodied in the industrial equity portfolios of the top 20 asset managers in North America and Europe. Meanwhile, weighted average carbon intensity (WACI) and carbon emission to revenue (CETR), reflecting institutions' carbon exposure and efficiency, have not decline tremendously over the last decades, despite divestment only occurring in a few typical high carbon-intensive industries. Moreover, the leading investee companies in the emissions embodied in the industrial equity portfolio were highly contributed by the leading investee companies in high carbon-intensive sectors. In the study, we propose an accounting framework that integrates macro-sector emissions data with micro-financial data to attribute carbon emissions embodied in equity investment activities to investors, which can inform targeted and effective climate reporting and action. Some large asset managers, for instance, play a pivotal role in portfolio investments' carbon emissions and therefore bear more responsibility for decarbonization equity portfolios.
Reducing risk for chronic disease: evaluation of a collective community approach to sustainable evidence-based health programming
Authors: Oestman Katherine , Rechis Ruth , Williams Pamela A. , Brown Jill A. , Treiman Katherine , Zulkiewicz Brittany , Walsh Michael T. , Basen-Engquist Karen , Rodriguez Trina , Chennisi Catherine , Macneish Amber , Neff Alise , Pomeroy Mike , Bhojani Faiyaz A. , Hawk Ernest
Published: February 2023

Background

Community initiatives can shape health behaviors, such as physical activity and dietary habits, across a population and help reduce the risk of developing chronic disease. To achieve this goal and impact health outcomes, the Pasadena Vibrant Community initiative aimed to engage communities in an ongoing dialogue about the importance of healthy behaviors, implement and advance community-based strategies to promote health, and improve diet and physical activity behaviors. The initiative is centered around a collaboration between a backbone organization, steering committee, and 7 organizations funded to implement multicomponent, evidence-based programs with adults and youth in Pasadena, Texas.

Methods

A mixed methods evaluation of the initiative was conducted over 4 years. Data sources included document reviews of quarterly progress reports (n=86) and supplemental data reports (n=16) provided by collaborating organizations, annual stakeholder surveys (n=4), and interviews conducted with staff from a subset of collaborating organizations (n=4).

Results

The initiative reached over 50,000 community members per year through 19 evidence-based interventions and impacted health outcomes, including knowledge and application of healthy eating practices and increased physical activity. Thirty-one systems changes were implemented during the initiative, including 16 environmental changes. Steering Committee meetings and shared goals enabled connections, communication, and cooperation, which allowed partners to address challenges and combine resources to deliver their programs.

Conclusions

Community initiatives can effectively permeate the community by reaching individuals, improving physical activity and dietary habits, and ensuring sustainability. Based on the experience reported here, the success of a community initiative can be facilitated if collaborating organizations come together to implement evidence-based interventions and tailor them to the community, and if they are empowered by significant leadership and supportive collaboration and aligned by common goals.
Trial Registration: Not applicable
Significant transfer of surgical skills acquired in an advanced laparoscopic training program for total laparoscopic gastropexy assessed in a live porcine model
Authors: Peñata Carlos A Oviedo , Lemus-Duque Juan D. , Maldonado-Estrada Juan G.
Published: February 2023

Background. Currently, legal limitations avoid repetition and deliberate practice on cadavers and experimental models, which are fundamental for minimally invasive surgery skills acquisition. The CALMA Veterinary Lap-trainer (CVLTS) simulator is an ergonomic canine abdominal model developed to allow training of basic and advanced laparoscopic skills for total laparoscopic gastropexy (TLG) in dogs. This study aimed to evaluate an advanced curriculum using the CVLTS to simulate TLG with intracorporeal suturing and to evaluate the transfer of surgical skills to a live porcine model. Veterinarians trained in basic laparoscopic surgical skills (experimental group, n=10) practiced TLG in 15 training sessions. Performances before and after training were videotaped and compared to veterinary surgeons with intermediate (n=10) or advanced (n=6) laparoscopic skills, including a Hand Movement Assessment System (HMAS). Video records performed before and after training were evaluated by external experts using the Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS) and TLG-specific scales (SRS) and quantitatively by evaluating HMAS performance. Skill transfer was assessed by performing TLG in fattening pigs under operating room conditions using barbed sutures. Three months after surgery, a postmortem biopsy of the gastropexy site was evaluated by histopathology.
Results
GOALS and SRS scores (P<0.05) time, movements, and angular displacement during TLG significantly improved after training within the Experimental group (P>0.01) and when compared to expert and intermediate groups (P<0.05). The learning curve for intracorporeal suture stabilized since the tenth (out of 15) training session. Besides, trainees achieved significant skill transfer for TLG in the in vivo model, with no significant difference from the expert group. Histopathology findings of the gastropexy site showed mature collagen (100% of cases), cartilage and bone metaplasia, and foreign body reaction (25% of cases), indicating a strong healing process.
Conclusion
The advanced laparoscopic training program for total laparoscopic gastropexy resulted in a statistically significant improvement in surgical skills, as supported by objective assessment score (GOALS - SRS), metrics (HMAS), and postmortem findings at the gastropexy site. Training in the CVLTS simulator resulted in the successful transfer of surgical skills for TLG.
Multimedia Luxun literature online learning based on deep learning
Authors: Hongsheng Wang
Published: February 2023

As a great Chinese thinker and writer in the 20th century, Lu Xun and his literary works are widely known. However, as a successful cultural communication activist, editor and publisher, we still need to conduct in-depth research on Lu Xun in many aspects. Therefore, based on deep learning, this paper constructs an online multimedia learning system of Lu Xun Literature. This system takes the relationship between classical Lu Xun Literature and modern multimedia technology as the research object,and compare the calculation effect of other different types of algorithms and this dhraa algorithm. Through the availability of data, the dhraa algorithm is significantly better than other algorithms in the recommendation accuracy, thus proving its effectiveness.This system is managed by two servers and one system. The two servers are database server and web server respectively. After testing, the system has good bearing capacity, can make up for the limited processing capacity of the server, and ensure the system has high performance. Its performance characteristics also show that the system achieved the expected performance. This paper systematically combines Lu Xun's literature with modern multimedia, which can provide online learning services for Lu Xun's literature lovers, thus helping scholars to expand Lu Xun's research field and academic vision. This paper designs an effective online learning system of Lu Xun's literature by combining deep learning, multimedia technology and Lu Xun's literature.
Screening of a potential bioinformatics-based biomarker in keloid and its correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Li Zihan , Zhang Chuwei , Zhang Qingrong , Dong Yipeng , Sha Xinyu , Jiang Ming , Yan Jun , Wang Wenmiao , Li Houqiang , Zhang Yi , Zhou Youlang
Published: February 2023

Keloid is a pathological result caused by cutaneous injury and irritation, which is on account of excessive deposition of collagen matrix and the growth of fibrous tissue. Long term and uncontrolled chronic inflammation is also one of the main causes. The mechanism of its formation is not clear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to find key genes for diagnosis. We selected two datasets from the GEO database to find DGEs. Then, we finally obtained one gene, HOXC9, via WGCNA analysis and two algorithms (LASSO and SVM-RFE). Next, we analyzed its expression in normal tissues versus keloid and studied its change over time by Mfuzz time clustering analysis. Finally, through the analysis of this gene and previous studies we realized that, in addition to cell proliferation, immune infiltration also plays a role during the process of keloid formation, and we then explored the infiltration of immune cells in the normal versus keloid groups and the relationship between this gene and them.
Word and bit line operation of a 1x1 μm2 superconducting vortex-based memory
Authors: Golod Taras , Morlet-Decarnin Lise , Krasnov Vladimir
Published: February 2023

The lack of dense random access memory is one of the main bottlenecks for the creation of a digital superconducting computer. In this work we study experimentally vortex-based superconducting memory cells. Three main results are obtained. First, we test scalability and demonstrate that the cells can be straightforwardly miniaturized to submicron sizes. Second, we emphasize the importance of conscious geometrical engineering. In the studied devices we introduce an asymmetric easy track
for vortex motion and show that it enables a controllable manipulation of vortex states. Finally, we perform a detailed analysis of word and bit line operation of a 1×1 μm2 cell. High-endurance, nonvolatile operation at zero magnetic field is reported. Remarkably, we observe that the combined word and bit line threshold current is significantly reduced compared to the bare word-line operation. This could greatly improve the selectivity of individual cell addressing in a multibit RAM. The achieved one square micron area is an important milestone and a significant step forward towards creation of a dense cryogenic memory.
Development of Word Count Data Corpus for Hindi and Marathi Literature
Authors: Belhekar Vivek , Bhargava Radhika
Published: February 2023

India has a huge diversity of languages, and Hindi and Marathi are the most spoken languages in the northern and western parts of India. Hindi and Marathi have more than 528 million and 83 million speakers, respectively. The present paper describes the development of the Hindi Word Corpus (Hindi WordCorp) and the Marathi Word Corpus (Marathi WordCorp), reporting the frequency of single words (1-gram) used in written texts of the respective languages using the bag-of-words model (BoW). The word frequencies are provided for eleven decades, ranging from 1920 to 2020. Word frequency was separately computed for undated texts and texts published before 1920. These texts include books (fiction, non-fiction, history, autobiographies, etc.) and magazines. Academic and reference books were not used. Six hundred forty texts were used for the Hindi WordCorp, and 712 texts were used for the Marathi WordCorp. An analysis was employed to check whether the texts used were enough to stabilize the rank-order of the total frequencies of the words. Zipf’s and Heaps’ law coefficients were also estimated. Researchers in various areas like linguistics, social sciences, language sciences, text mining, machine learning analysis, etc., can use the dataset to answer research questions about language and culture. Some demonstrative examples are provided for using the datasets in the two languages. The dataset is made available on an open data repository. The paper is an account of dataset creation for Hindi and Marathi WordCorp. Hence, no empirical results or conclusions are made based on the data created. A web app named Indian Languages Word Corpus (ILWC) has been developed for users.
Fault Detection of Gearbox by Multivariate Extended Variational Mode Decomposition-Based Time-Frequency Images and Incremental RVM Algorithm
Authors: Nao Siwei , Wang Yan
Published: February 2023

A novel detection method based on multivariate extended variational mode decomposition-based time-frequency images and incremental RVM algorithm(MEVMDTFI-IRVM) is presented for fault detection of gearbox. The time-frequency images are constructed by multivariate extended variational mode decomposition. Compared with single-variable modal decomposition method, multivariate extended variational mode decomposition not only has an accurate mathematical framework, but also possible to better align the common frequency mode of the signal. The incremental RVM algorithm is presented for fault detection of gearbox based on the time-frequency images constructed by multivariate extended variational mode decomposition. The testing results demonstrate that the detection results of MEVMDTFI-IRVM for gearbox are stable, in addition, the detection results of MEVMDTFI-IRVM for gearbox are better than those of variational mode decomposition-based time-frequency images and incremental RVM algorithm (VMDTFI-IRVM), variational mode decomposition- RVM algorithm(VMD-RVM),and traditional RVM algorithm.