bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nesting Activity of Kittlitz’s Murrelet in the Kakagrak Hills, Northwestern Alaska
Authors: Kissling Michelle L. , Lewis Stephen B.
Published: September 2016

The Kittlitz’s Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a broadly distributed but uncommon seabird species endemic to coastal Alaska and eastern Russia. Although northern Alaska constitutes a large portion of this species’ range, little is known about Kittlitz’s Murrelets in this vast region. We studied nesting activity of Kittlitz’s Murrelets in the Kakagrak Hills, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, in northern Alaska during summer 2014. Between 15 and 26 June, we located two active Kittlitz’s Murrelet nests by walking line transects in 28 sampling blocks (250 × 250 m) that were stratified by two habitat types (Alpine Alkaline Barrens and Alpine Dryas Dwarf Shrub) and selected randomly. We found one additional active nest opportunistically while walking between blocks. All three nests were located in Alpine Alkaline Barrens habitat, and all failed during the egg stage. Causes of failure were nest abandonment (n = 1), depredation (n = 1), and unknown (n = 1). Overall mean nest density was 0.80 nests/km2 (SE = 0.52). Although our sample of nests was small, our results demonstrate that Kittlitz’s Murrelets nest regularly in northern Alaska. However, the apparently low productivity raises questions about the reproductive value of this region to this cryptic and secretive species.
Seabird Transfer of Nutrients and Trace Elements from the North Water Polynya to Land during the Mid-Holocene Warm Period, Carey Islands, Northwest Greenland + Supplementary Appendix Figure S1 (See Article Tools)
Authors: Outridge Peter M. , Goodsite Michael E. , Bennike Ole , Rausch Nicole , Shotyk William
Published: September 2016

Seabird guano from large nesting colonies is known to increase trace metal levels in adjacent terrestrial environments today, when global oceans are contaminated with Hg, Cd, and other metals. But the effect of seabird guano in the pre-industrial period has rarely been studied. We used stable C and N isotopic and trace element analyses of a peat core that represents ca. 2000 years of organic matter accumulation to examine the effect on trace elements and nutrients of a seabird colony that existed in northern Baffin Bay during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (ca. 8000–5000 yr BP). Although C and N concentrations were typical of those in other peats, isotopic data identified marine organic matter as the main source of N and a minor source of C in the peat and showed that the unknown seabird was a fish-eating species that was summer-resident for the 2000 yr period. Concentrations of Cd, Br, Sr, and Zn in peat were up to an order of magnitude higher than in ombrotrophic (air-fed) bogs elsewhere, whereas Hg and Cu concentrations were similar to those in other peats, suggesting relatively low levels of Hg and Cu in the guano. This surprising result for Hg contrasts with studies on modern seabirds, in which guano markedly increased environmental Hg concentrations. It could be a consequence of Hg concentrations in Arctic marine food webs in the pre-industrial period that were an order of magnitude lower than those of today.
Challenges in the Assessment of Inuit Food Security
Authors: Ready Elspeth
Published: September 2016

In the past few years, food security survey modules have been widely used to assess Inuit food access. However, these modules were not originally designed for use in mixed economies where both purchased and country (hunted, fished, and gathered) foods contribute to peoples’ diets. These methods have been extensively tested and modified for use in Alaska, but research conducted in the Canadian Arctic has not been rigorously evaluated. This paper examines the validity of a modified version of the commonly used USDA Household Food Security Survey Module for assessing the food security of Inuit households in Kangiqsujuaq, Nunavik. The data come from 110 household surveys that were collected as part of an extended ethnographic project in the community. Rasch modeling of the food security module results indicates that, even with modifications that make reference to country food, the module assesses only the dimension of food security related to material wealth. Household income is a contributing factor for country food access, because it is important for access to harvesting equipment; however, other factors related to country food harvesting may affect the reliability of some food security module questions. Consequently, studies that assess Inuit food access using only standard survey modules may misrepresent how Inuit experience food insecurity, which is a serious concern given the current food crisis among Inuit in Canada. Assessment tools that provide reliable and valid assessments of country food access, specifically including traditional knowledge and social support networks, need to be developed.
Computer assisted evaluation of plate osteosynthesis of diaphyseal femur fracture considering interfragmentary movement: a finite element study
Authors: Wittkowske Claudia , Raith Stefan , Eder Maximilian , Volf Alexander , Kirschke Jan S. , König Benjamin , Ihle Christoph , Machens Hans-Günther , Döbele Stefan , Kovacs Laszlo
Published: September 2016

A semi-automated workflow for evaluation of diaphyseal fracture treatment of the femur has been developed and implemented. The aim was to investigate the influence of locking compression plating with diverse fracture-specific screw configurations on interfragmentary movements (IFMs) with the use of finite element (FE) analysis. Computed tomography (CT) data of a 22-year-old non-osteoporotic female were used for patient specific modeling of the inhomogeneous material properties of bone. Hounsfield units (HU) were exported and assigned to elements of a FE mesh and converted to mechanical properties such as the Young’s modulus followed by a linear FE analysis performed in a semi-automated fashion. IFM on the near and far cortex was evaluated. A positive correlation between bridging length and IFM was observed. Optimal healing conditions with IFMs between 0.5 mm and 1 mm were found in a constellation with a medium bridging length of 80 mm with three unoccupied screw holes around the fracture gap. Usage of monocortical screws instead of bicortical ones had negligible influence on the evaluated parameters when modeling non-osteoporotic bone. Minimal user input, automation of the procedure and an efficient computation time ensured quick delivery of results which will be essential in a future clinical application.
Entropy bump conditions for fractional maximal and integral operators
Authors: Rahm Robert , Spencer Scott
Published: September 2016

We investigate weighted inequalities for fractional maximal operators and fractional integral operators.We work within the innovative framework of “entropy bounds” introduced by Treil–Volberg. Using techniques developed by Lacey and the second author, we are able to efficiently prove the weighted inequalities.
Accelerometer-measured physical activity among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status
Authors: Fröberg Andreas , Larsson Christel , Berg Christina , Boldemann Cecilia , Raustorp Anders
Published: September 2016

Purpose:

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe and analyze accelerometer-measured sedentary time and physical activity (PA) among adolescents in a multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status (SES).

Method:

Seventh-graders (n=114 (girls n=66), mean age: 12.8±0.5 y) were recruited from three schools in a multicultural area of the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Sedentary time and PA were measured with ActiGraph™ accelerometers.

Result:

Of total wear-time, 70 (±6)% was sedentary, with girls being more sedentary than boys. Girls had less light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than boys. Similar patterns were shown during in-school and out-of-school hours. During wear-time, 53% had a mean of ≥60 min of MVPA per day, but only 6% of the girls and 24% of the boys were sufficiently physically active every day. Girls had more sedentary bouts of ≥10 min and fewer MVPA bouts of ≥5 min per day than boys. Those who participated in organized sports spent a mean of 15 more minutes of MVPA per day compared to those who did not. No association was observed between body mass index (BMI) and sedentary time and PA.

Conclusion:

Only a few adolescents from a Swedish multicultural area characterized by low SES met the PA recommendations every day, and girls were more sedentary and less physically active than boys. Adolescents involved in organized sports had more of MVPA per day than their non-involved peers. Sedentary time and PA were not related to BMI.
What do we know about corporate social responsibility research? a content analysis
Authors: Wang Shuo , Gao Yuhui
Published: September 2016

Using content analysis, the objectives of the current study are: (1) to provide a systematic review of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature, (2) to examine underlying trends in CSR research, (3) to identify milestones in the development of CSR research, and (4) to clarify and categorise the structure of CSR studies. An examination of 774 selected CSR articles shows a significant upward trend in the volume of CSR publications, particularly in the 2000s. Among these articles, 122 papers from leading academic journals are further analysed to classify and label the development stages of CSR research as: incubation, exploration, adolescent development and relative maturity stages. Our findings also reveal five major CSR research themes: concepts and reviews, corporate context, CSR-related strategy, corporate reputation and the linkage between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP). The paper concludes with suggestions for future CSR research.
Innovation processes: do they help or hinder new product development outcomes in Irish SMEs?
Authors: Robbins Peter , O’Gorman Colm
Published: September 2016

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make a considerable contribution to the development and diffusion of innovation as well as accounting for the bulk of economic activity and employment in Ireland. A formal process for managing the stages of innovation projects is generally cited as a key component of best practice in new product development (NPD). Successfully managing innovation is an important business objective for SMEs, and yet, relatively little is known about how innovation-active firms approach innovation and, specifically, whether firms use formal processes to manage their NPD activities. This study of innovation-active Irish SMEs finds that three quarters of firms report that they do not operate a formal innovation process, yet this is not associated with poorer performance in terms of revenues from new products and services; and there are few differences between firms with formal innovation processes and firms with informal innovation process across each stage of the Innovation Value Chain. Having a more formal innovation process is, however, associated with success at bringing novel products to market. This study contributes to our understanding of the management of innovation in SMEs and to the emerging literature on SMEs that has emphasised both the prevalence and the effectiveness of informal management processes.
Vector Monte Carlo stochastic matrix-based algorithms for large linear systems
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K.
Published: September 2016

In this short article we suggest
randomized scalable stochastic matrix-based algorithms for large linear systems.
The idea behind these stochastic methods is a randomized vector representation of matrix iterations.
In addition, to minimize the variance, it is suggested to use stochastic and double stochastic matrices for efficient randomized calculation of matrix iterations and a random gradient based search strategy.
The iterations are performed by sampling random rows and columns only, thus avoiding not only matrix matrix but also
matrix vector multiplications.
Further improvements of the methods can be obtained through projections by a random gaussian matrix.
Auswirkungen des Bilanzrichtlinie-Umsetzungsgesetzes auf die Rechnungslegung von Genossenschaften
Authors: Frieden Matthias , Zieseniß Roland
Published: September 2016

This article discusses the consequences of the recently introduced German accounting convention implementation law (BilRUG) on the financial statement of cooperative firms. Furthermore the consequences of the repeal of the extraordinary result on revenue ratios will be of particular interest.
Establishment of the Muscle–Tendon Junction During Thorax Morphogenesis in Drosophila Requires the Rho-Kinase
Authors: Vega-Macaya Franco , Manieu Catalina , Valdivia Mauricio , Mlodzik Marek , Olguín Patricio
Published: September 2016

The assembly of the musculoskeletal system in Drosophila relies on the integration of chemical and mechanical signaling between the developing muscles with ectodermal cells specialized as “tendon cells.” Mechanical tension generated at the junction of flight muscles and tendon cells of the notum epithelium is required for muscle morphogenesis, and is balanced by the epithelium in order to not deform. We report that Drosophila Rho kinase (DRok) is necessary in tendon cells to assemble stable myotendinous junctions (MTJ), which are required for muscle morphogenesis and survival. In addition, DRok is required in tendon cells to maintain epithelial shape and cell orientation in the notum, independently of chascon (chas). Loss of DRok function in tendon cells results in mis-orientation of tendon cell extensions and abnormal accumulation of Thrombospondin and βPS-integrin, which may cause abnormal myotendinous junction formation and muscle morphogenesis. This role does not depend exclusively on nonmuscular Myosin-II activation (Myo-II), indicating that other DRok targets are key in this process. We propose that DRok function in tendon cells is key to promote the establishment of MTJ attachment and to balance mechanical tension generated at the MTJ by muscle compaction.
The Neuropeptides FLP-2 and PDF-1 Act in Concert To Arouse Caenorhabditis elegans Locomotion
Authors: Chen Didi , Taylor Kelsey P , Hall Qi , Kaplan Joshua M
Published: September 2016

During larval molts, Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits a sleep-like state (termed lethargus) that is characterized by the absence of feeding and profound locomotion quiescence. The rhythmic pattern of locomotion quiescence and arousal linked to the molting cycle is mediated by reciprocal changes in sensory responsiveness, whereby arousal is associated with increased responsiveness. Sensory neurons arouse locomotion via release of a neuropeptide (PDF-1) and glutamate. Here we identify a second arousing neuropeptide (FLP-2). We show that FLP-2 acts via an orexin-like receptor (FRPR-18), and that FLP-2 and PDF-1 secretion are regulated by reciprocal positive feedback. These results suggest that the aroused behavioral state is stabilized by positive feedback between two neuropeptides.
Importance of the Roughness and Residual Stresses of Dental Implants on Fatigue and Osseointegration Behavior. In Vivo Study in Rabbits
Authors: Velasco Eugenio , Monsalve-Guil Loreto , Jimenez Alvaro , Ortiz Iván , Moreno-Muñoz Jesús , Nuñez-Marquez Enrique , Pegueroles Marta , Pérez Román A. , Gil Francisco Javier
Published: September 2016

This study focuses on the fatigue behavior and bone-implant attachment for the more usual surfaces of the different CP-titanium dental implants. The implants studied were: as-received (CTR), acid etching (AE), spark-anodization (SA), and with a grit-blasted surface (GB). Residual stresses were determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The fatigue tests were carried out at 37°C on 160 dental implants, and the stress-failure (S-N) curve was determined. The fatigue tests showed that the grit-blasting process improved fatigue life. This is a consequence of the layer of compressive residual stresses that the treatment generates in titanium surfaces. Further, our aim was to assess and compare the short- and midterm bone regenerative potential and mechanical retention of the implants in bone of New Zealand rabbits. The mechanical retention after 4 and 10 weeks of implantation was evaluated with histometric and pull-out tests, respectively, as a measure of the osseointegration of the implants. The results demonstrated that the GB treatment produced microrough that accelerated bone tissue regeneration and increased mechanical retention in the bone bed at short periods of implantation in comparison with all other implants tested. The GB surface produced an improvement in mechanical long-time behavior and improved bone growth. These types of treated implants can have great potential in clinical applications, as evidenced by the outcomes of the current study.
A heat energy recovery system from tunnel waste water
Authors: Hytiris Nicholas , Ninikas Konstantinos , Emmanuel Rohinton , Aaen Bjorn , Younger Paul L
Published: September 2016

Minimising the maintenance costs of water ingress in transportation tunnels is a significant challenge. Decreasing the overall cost of a ground source heat pump system is equally challenging. An effort to address both issues at once has been made in relation to groundwater ingress in the Glasgow Subway system. Inflowing water is a valuable resource which could be channelled through a water source heat pump (WSHP) to produce heat energy for domestic or public use (heating and domestic hot water). Water flow and water temperature have been recorded for a year at 21 different points within the network of the underground tunnels and platforms. The points of highest water influx were identified, and the heat energy content of each has been calculated. Working from these data, several options were identified for capturing the water and diverting it to a WSHP to recover heat. A final design for a pilot system within the tunnels was developed. The findings of this study are expected to contribute a renewable heat solution through a cost-effective heat pump system design.
Centrally Sponsored Schemes for Poverty Alleviation in Rural India since 1970 – A Review
Authors: Kakar Deepti , Maheshwari Madan Mohan
Published: September 2016

Even after nearly seven decades of Independence, poverty alleviation remains a sought after goal in the political and academic agenda. Efforts at reducing poverty especially the rural poverty have broadly been either disguised in the application of economic planning or have taken the route of poverty alleviation schemes. The successes and misses of these schemes are significant in understanding the next step to poverty reduction. This paper discusses all the centrally sponsored poverty alleviation programmes for the rural India in the decade of 1970s and beyond. Also the evaluation studies for each of these schemes conducted by the government bodies or at their behest have been summarized. The study feeds on secondary data sources and qualitatively puts forward value judgements in context of aiding the compilation of the said schemes.
Implementing Task-based Instruction in ESP Class — An Empirical Study in Marine Engineering English
Authors: Wu Xuehua , Liao Lihui , DeBacker Teresa K.
Published: September 2016

This study investigated teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) within the paradigm of task-based language teaching, concentrating on marine engineering English teaching in a Chinese vocational college. Two natural groups of students taking their ESP courses took part in the study as a control group (N=28) and an experimental group (N=33) from 2014 spring to 2014 fall. Teacher-designed reading, listening and speaking pre-test and post-test (simulating the governmental tests held by China Maritime Safety Administration Bureau), and survey were used as the basis for study. The students in the control group and the experimental group were taught in traditional approach and task-based approach respectively. At the end of one academic year study, the students were given a post-test to determine whether there was effect of the treatment on the experimental group. Data analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in reading achievement between students in the control group and students receiving task-based instruction, but there was effect on students’ listening and speaking competency. In the investigation, most students were satisfied with task-based instruction, and they proposed some feedbacks and suggestions for the task-based instruction in ESP courses which are beneficial for future instruction.
Peer Feedback in Chinese College English Writing Class: Using Action Research to Promote Students’ English Writing
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: September 2016

Peer feedback is an effective method to promote students’ English writing competence and skill according to the literature and my personal experience. But it is not welcomed in my class at first. So I employ action research to motivate them to do peer assessment. My action research undergoes four stages: Ruin of Expectation and Emergence of Research Question, Cycle One, Cycle Two, Reinforcement and Back-proof, including both students’ change and my change in both action and thought. Imperfect as it is, my action research turns out to be a success and students do gain many benefits from the practice of peer feedback.
Philosophy-based Language Teaching Approach on the Horizon: A Revolutionary Pathway to Put Applied ELT into Practice
Authors: Dabbagh Ali , Noshadi Mahdi
Published: September 2016

As a unique approach in today’s language teaching methodology, Philosophy-based Language Teaching (PBLT) engages learners in dialogues using philosophical question and answer activities to tackle the process of language learning in ELT classes. Accordingly, the present study sought to illuminate the practical ways through which PBLT could be utilized to put Applied ELT into practice. In so doing, the key is to redefine the inherent roles of both English learners and practitioners in an Applied ELT classroom. Bringing a bulk of sample philosophical questions, the paper provides the following recommendations to implement PBLT in Applied ELT classes. First, ELT life syllabus can be designed using the principles of PBLT approach. Second, while dealing with language skills, material designers might reshape the common pre and post task activities including life-related philosophical questions. Moreover, as males and females have different points of view towards life issues, materials should provide a platform to augment learners' thoughts through sharing ideas of both genders in the classroom in answering philosophical questions. Third, along with cross-cultural approaches, PBLT can aid life syllabus design which assists learners to consider themselves as an active member of local and global communities all around the world.
The Effect of Two Attention-drawing Techniques on Learning English Idioms
Authors: Razmjoo Seyyed Ayatollah , Songhori Mehdi Haseli , Bahremand Alireza
Published: September 2016

This study investigated the effectiveness of three methods for teaching idioms. Sixty two intermediate EFL learners from a language school in Kerman were divided into three classes to be taught in three conditions: the etymological elaboration experimental group (N=20) was taught 16 target idioms in a text along with the etymology of each idiom; the typographic salience experimental group (N=20) was taught the same text as the previous group but the 16 target idioms were in boldfaced type and red; and the traditional control group (N=22) was taught the same text in plain typeface with no etymology for idioms. The participants in the three groups were not informed about the posttest and the delayed posttest. The results of the comparison between the posttest and the delayed posttest scores of all the three groups indicate that the participants in etymological elaboration outperformed the participants in the other two groups in terms of idioms’ retention and recall. These findings are suggestive that the most effective method of teaching idioms vis-a-vis their retention and recall is etymological elaboration.
Social Skills Instruction for Urban Learners with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: A Culturally Responsive and Computer-Based Intervention
Authors: Robinson-Ervin Porsha , Cartledge Gwendolyn , Musti-Rao Shobana , Gibson Lenwood , Keyes Starr E.
Published: September 2016

This study examined the effects of culturally relevant/responsive, computer-based social skills instruction on the social skill acquisition and generalization of 6 urban African American sixth graders with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). A multiple-probe across participants design was used to evaluate the effects of the social skills intervention on following adult directions. Results revealed increases in students following adult directions in the treatment phases; however, generalization results were modest for four students. These results support the use of a social skill package consisting of computer-based instruction and culturally responsive materials for urban adolescents with EBD. The specific components of this intervention are discussed along with implications for future research and study limitations.
Using Parental Input from Black Families to Increase Cultural Responsiveness for Teaching SWPBS Expectations
Authors: Kourea Lefki , Lo Ya-Yu , Owens Tosha L.
Published: September 2016

Despite the positive effects of school-wide positive behavior support (SWPBS) on school discipline, the overrepresentation of Black students in discipline data in SWPBS schools has alerted researchers and educators to initiate discussion about the need to blend culturally responsive pedagogy and the SWPBS approach. This qualitative research study attempts to add to this discussion by (a) exploring the perspectives of Black parents on SWPBS behavioral expectations using ethnographic interviewing, (b) incorporating parental input in the instructional design of a culturally responsive social skill curriculum, and (c) assessing the perceptions of parents and SWPBS team members on the curriculum content and design using social validity questionnaires. Results and discussion are provided in relation to findings of descriptive themes (e.g., respect, safety, family interactions, school-family interactions) from the parent ethnographic interviews and the value of using parental input to increase cultural responsiveness of school-wide behavioral expectations.
Research of the textural features for the bony tissue diseases diagnostics using the roentgenograms
Authors:   S. P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Reseach University), Gaidel A. , Pervushkin S. ,   Samara State Medical University
Published: September 2016

In the paper method of the musculoskeletal system osteoporotic diseases computer diagnostics with a help of the femoral neck roentgenograms texture an alysisis proposed and researched. Problem of the texture features providing acceptable recognition qualityselectionissolved. Method work is researched on the real roentgenograms set with the known diagnoses. Researches results demonstrating a possibility to use proposed method int he clinical practice are adduced. During the work computer program designed both for proposed method research and for clinical diagnostics is developed.
The two-phase operation in large-scale network
Authors:   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Mostovoi J.
Published: September 2016

It is considered decision of the problem of the remote flexing the Land (RFL) clusters simple nano-sputnikov (NS), united in network, not possessing autonomous controlling of the moving the center of the masses, and casual image distributed in given a zone of the service interval of the route of the orbit. Under given stating the reception to information from collection NS is required not only study characteristic each NS, but also consideration characteristic large-scale casual clusters of object, forming "complex network". The results are received by way of statistical modeling of the large-scale networks on square matrix. It is entered notion controlled percolation of the zone of the service, which is realized in two phases: stochastic base on the first with comparatively small concentration NS, not providing stochastic percolation, but on the second in interclusters intervals are entered by optimum image additional nanosputniks to achieve the most short percolations way through stochastic formed clusters NS under relatively low gross amount NS and minimization of the general expenses.
Accuracy increase of temperature measurement on thermal images
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Popov S. , Docin I. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Emelyanov G. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: September 2016

Multiresponse regression model is used for dependence of thermal image pixel amplitudes from temperature to increase accuracy of remote indirect method of temperature measurement. Obtained model allows to calculate integral estimation of temperature and its dispersion on all pixels taking into account correlation relationships of amplitude observation errors.
Design of the optical element generating axisymmetric uniform light distribution on the surface of revolution
Authors:   Image Processing System Institute of the RAS, Doskolovich L. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Aslanov E. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)
Published: September 2016

We present the computation method for axisymmetric optical element, which generates required uniform light distribution on the surface of revolution. The computation problem is reduced to integration of three first-order differential equations. We consider two examples: a uniformly illuminated hemisphere and the uniformly illuminated segment of optical axis.
Experimental demonstration of generation of longitudinal component of the electric field on the optical axis by high-aperture binary axicon for linear and circular polarization of the incident beam
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS, Khonina S. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Karpeev S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Alferov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Savelyev D. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)
Published: September 2016

We consider the diffraction of the laser radiation with different polarization on high-aperture binary axicon with different structures. We have performed theoretical analysis of axicon diffraction with expansion in plane waves and shown that depending on the polarization either the longitudinal or the transverse components of the electric field are focused on the optical axis. Analytically and numerically shown that the asymmetry in the structure of the axicon can provide the longitudinal component on the optical axis for the linear and circular polarization of the incident beam. High-aperture binary axicons of three configurations - axisymmetric, bi-axicon and spiral - are produced by electron beam lithography technology. We have performed experimental measurements in the near-field diffraction for the most common and easily implemented types of polarization of the incident beam - linear and circular. The experimental results show agreement with the theoretical studies.
Automodulation of one-dimensional waves based on nonlinear schrödinger equation with arbitrary nonlianerity
Authors:   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Alimenkov I.
Published: September 2016

It is found in quadratures the solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation with arbitrary nonlinearity characterized by any function of external influence on nonlinear medium under harmonic field.
Solution of pulse – propagation equation for optical fiber in quadratures
Authors:   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Reseach University), Alimenkov I. , Pchelkina Yu. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Reseach University)
Published: September 2016

It is found in quadratures the solution of pulse – propagation eauation for optical fiber by straight method.
Application of the scattered field technique for fdtd modeling of electromagnetic fields near dielectric and metallic nanoparticles
Authors:   P.O. Sukhoi Gomel State Technical University, Asenchik O. , Starodubtsev E. ,   P.O. Sukhoi Gomel State Technical University
Published: September 2016

Modeling of local electromagnetic field intensity near surfaces of spherical dielectric and metal (silver) nanoparticles of 40 nm radius (which are placed in air and near a two dielectrics plane boundary) is carried out using the scattered field technique and FDTD algorithm for exciting radiation wavelength 405 nm. Estimations of the region and the quantity of near field maximal enhancement are obtained, and effects of the boundary on the field distribution in the system are analyzed. As a special case, we investigate nanocomposites on the basis of silver nanoparticles and high-silicious glasses obtained by sol-gel technologies.
Embedding of binary image in the gray planes
Authors:   North-West Institute of Printing Arts of St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, Department of Informational and Control Systems, Gorbachev V. , Kainarova E. ,   North-West Institute of Printing Arts of St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, Department of Informational and Control Systems, Denisov L. ,   North-West Institute of Printing Arts of St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, Department of Informational and Control Systems
Published: September 2016

For digital watermarking of grayscale image it has been used its Gray planes achieved from the Gray code of the pixels. With the help of the representation of image over the Gray planes embedding of binary image is considered. It has been found that digital data hided into the Gray plane is more robust to JPEG compression than hiding into the bit planes.
The formation of light templates for large-sized objects using the diffraction optics methods
Authors:   Technological Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (TDI SIE SB RAS), Zavyalov P. , Chugui Yu. ,   Technological Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (TDI SIE SB RAS),   Novosibirsk State University (NSU),   Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU)
Published: September 2016

The method of light template formation for large-sized objects (from several to tens of meters) such as antennas has been developed on the basis of diffraction optical elements (DOE). The essence of this method consists in creation into a space of light markers in the form of focused laser beams, the foci of which and intersection points lie on the paraboloid surface describing the shape of the antenna. This approach provides markers assignment with high accuracy (error is 0.02-0.2 mm at a distance of 20-30 m). The calculation of the basic DOE parameters for antenna with the diameter of 25 m is given. Experimental results on light templates formation using two DOE sets generating 19 and 288 light points are presented. It has been shown that under specified choice of optical system parameters for forming the light templates one can visually detect the deviation of the object surface by the value of ± 1 mm. The proposed method can greatly facilitate the implementation of labor-intensive assembly operations, adjustment as well as inspection the shape of large-sized antennas in shop conditions.
Method of detection of fast-moving objects when using the digital optical locator of tracking type
Authors:   State Educational Institution of Higher Vocational Education ", Vaniev A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University", Emelyanov G. ,   State Educational Institution of Higher Vocational Education "Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University"
Published: September 2016

The article discusses the features of the problem of identification of fast-moving objects in the images obtained from the mobile photodetector. We propose an algorithm which is suitable for the detection of multiple targets.
Block algorithms of image processing based on kalman filter for superresolution reconstruction
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Sirota A. , Ivankov A. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: September 2016

Different approaches to block image processing applied to the reconstruction of super-resolution images using the Kalman filter are analyzed. The results of the various approaches are represented.
Classification of ternary quasicanonical number systems in imaginary quadratic fields and their application
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogdanov P. , Chernov V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2016

In this paper all possible ternary quasicanonical number system in imaginary quadratic fields are considered. For representation of algebraic integers of imaginary quadratic fields in the specified number systems an algorithm based on the division with remainder is used. In addition, the algorithms of the basic arithmetic operations in ternary number systems in the ring of Eisenstain integers are synthesized. Method of fast error-free cyclic convolution computation is considered.
Thematic classification of hyperspectral images using conjugacy indicator
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fursov V. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Bibikov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Bajda O. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)
Published: September 2016

We consider an algorithm of hyperspectral images thematic classification using conjugacy indicator as a proximity measure. This measure is a generalized spectral angle mapper (SAM) implemented in hyperspectral imagery processing software ENVI. In this case, we use the cosine of an angle between considered vector and subspace, which is spanned by class vectors, instead of the cosine of an angle between considered vector and the mean vector of the class. Paper describes modification of a method based on partitioning of the class into subclasses and based on reduction of vectors to zero mean value. The results of synthetic experiments show higher classification quality than SAM.
Transforming of slowing laser beams to accelerating beams
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalev A. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Zaskanov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)
Published: September 2016

We propose a method of obtaining solution of the paraxial Helmholtz equation which describes two-dimensional light beams accelerating on a finite interval of the trajectory. Method based on complex conjugation and shift along the longitudinal coordinate (parallel to the optical axis) of the complex amplitude of the slowing light beams. Using this method we obtained Fresnel and Laplace beams, as well as "half-Bessel" beams, accelerating along the trajectory in a form of square root. It has been observed that the well-known Hermite-Gaussian light beams are also accelerating beams with a hyperbolic trajectory. In contrast to well-known diffraction-free accelerating Airy beams all beams, which we consider, are converging upon propagation.
Specified parameters of sellmeyer model for silica glass
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozlova E. , Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2016

The parameters (the resonant wavelength, amplitude and damping coefficients) of Sellmeyer model for more accurate matching (rms deviation of 6 %) of the model curves of refractive and absorption indexes with a cloud of experimental values of the dispersion curves of a silica glass are found in the range from 20 nm to 100 microns. Comparison of the results of simulation of the Gaussian (in space and in time) pulse durations of 3.35 fs in planar waveguides from silica glass, which dispersion is described by the standard and refined Sellmeyer models, showed a significant effect of the permittivity on the pulse: high absorption (10 times more) and retardation (0.35μm) to 7 μm.
Experimental study of focusing of inhomogeneously polarized beams generated using sector polarizing plates
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alferov S. ,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Karpeev S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), Moiseev O. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)
Published: September 2016

Experimentally investigated a focusing of inhomogeneously polarized laser beams formed by the sector polarizing plates. The analysis of noise distortion beams formed different types of plates is performed. Focusing is implemented by a micro-objective with high numerical aperture and by a diffraction axicon with moderate numerical aperture. It's experimentally shown that beam distortion by noise have a little effect on the intensity distribution in the center of the focus area due to its high frequency nature. It is in agreement with the simulation results.
Formation of spiral intensity by binary vortical axicon
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Degtyarev S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Podlipnov V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

We fabricated a spiral field-intensity distribution in a near-field when a laser beam was focused by a binary phase spiral axicon. It is shown by means of 3D-simlation in Comsol and life experiments with the near-field microscope NT-MDT Integra Spectra. Derived experimental measurements have been verified by the numerical simulations.
Simulation of hyperspectrometer on spectral linear variable filters
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazanskiy N. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kharitonov S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Volotovskiy S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Strelkov Yu. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

Article is devoted to simulation of hyperspectrometer based on the use of linear variable filters. We regarded possibilities of recovery of spectral pixels of images based on the solution of the integral equation. The paper presents estimates of the size of the scattering spots depending on the parameters of the spectral filter. Numerical results showed that a significant deterioration in resolution occurs only in the case of short-optical systems.
Algorithms for verification of space images by shooting options
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Myasnikov V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: September 2016

This paper presents a solution of remote sensing data verification problem. This data includes optical digital image data and metadata containing shooting parameters. The current solution is based on the analysis of special numerical characteristics, which directly depend on the shooting parameters: sun position, satellite position and registration camera orientation. We propose two fully automatic computational procedures for remote sensing data analysis and decision-making based on data compatibility.
Entanglement between qubits due to the atomic coherence
Authors:   Samara State University, Bashkirov E. , Litvinova D. ,   Samara State University
Published: September 2016

We have investigated the influence of dipole-dipole interaction and initial atomic coherence on the dynamics of two-qubit entanglement. We have considered a model, in which only one atom couples to a quantum electromagnetic field in a finite-Q cavity, since one of them can freely move outside the cavity. We have shown the possibility of disappearance of the entanglement sudden death effect and stabilization of atomic entanglement in the presence of the dipole interaction of qubits.
Method for determination of the principal modes in a few-mode optical fiber using a multibranch doe
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Lyubopytov V. , Kutluyarov R. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Bagmanov V. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Sultanov A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Published: September 2016

We propose a method intended for reconstructing a fiber propagation matrix in few-mode regime and determination of the corresponding principal modes. The method is based on the idea of extending the Jones Matrix Eigenanalysis (JME) technique, which provides.the determination of both the propagation matrix and the principal states of polarization in a single-mode fiber, to the basis of spatial modes in a few-mode fiber. We propose that a multibranch diffractive optical element should be used as a correlation filter, which can be implemented by means of a spatial light modulator (SLM). The efficiency of the proposed method is numerically verified for a stepped-index few-mode fiber in the strong coupling regime.
Radiance distribution simulation in a transparent medium with fresnel boundaries containing aluminum nanoparticles
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry of Coal and Material Science SB RAS, Zvekov A. , Kalenskii A. ,   Kemerovo State University, Nikitin A. ,   Institute of Chemistry of Coal and Material Science SB RAS, Aduev B. ,   Institute of Chemistry of Coal and Material Science SB RAS
Published: September 2016

The radiative transfer equation in a slab with Fresnel boundaries was solved by the spherical harmonics method in the case of a transparent medium containing aluminum nanoparticles. A computer program was developed, the angular radiance distribution on the slab boundaries and in the slab center were calculated. It was concluded that Fresnel boundary conditions make the angular distribution on the slab boundaries asymmetric. The use of angular radiance distribution for solving the reverse problems of scattering spectroscopy was discussed.