bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Opportunities for the Implementation of a Unified Accounting System in Pakistan: A Survey Study
Authors: Nawaz Faisal , Sheheryar Muhammad , Sheeraz Muhammad
Published: July 2024

This research aims to establish the effects of a Unified Accounting System (UAS) on foreign investors’ trust in Pakistan's FDI decision by evaluating the accounting information’s completeness, transparency, consistency, and timeliness. A quantitative survey design was used, and the research instruments included a structured questionnaire with 27 statements about UAS and its impact on FDI. The survey was conducted on the working population of professionals in different organizations in Pakistan and adopted a minimum sample of 90 working people with a stratified random sampling method. Specifically, the study reveals a positive attitude towards implementing UAS in Pakistan, consequently maintaining compliance with international accounting standards and improving the nation’s appeal to foreign investors. The commitments underpin the need for detailed and, where possible, public and up-to-date accounting information that can contribute to a good investment environment. The paper offers significant policy implications for the Pakistani context and any underdeveloped country seeking to enhance its investment climate structures through sound accounting practices.
Un plano turístico del centro histórico de Gijón con herramientas de realidad aumentada
Authors: Herrera Arenas Daniel , Olay Varillas David , Suárez Rodríguez Alfonso
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo se basa en el diseño de una aplicación para teléfonos móviles denominada Gijón Aumentado que complementa y se combina con un plano turístico especialmente diseñado para tal fin. De este modo, a través de realidad aumentada (RA) se pueden conocer puntos de interés turístico de la ciudad de Gijón. Se realiza una descripción del conjunto de la herramienta, así como un análisis de las principales ventajas y algunos inconvenientes de aplicación como folleto de información turística. Con ello, se contribuye al avance en el desarrollo y estudio de la RA como una herramienta básica para la difusión de contenidos turísticos de forma interactiva.
Milliyetçilik ve Ulusalcılık (Yurtseverlik) Arasında Kalmış Bir Aşk Olarak Vatan
Authors: Aktay Aydın
Published: July 2024

ÖZET
“Vatan Aşkı” Kitabında, Viroli Milliyetçilik ve Yurtseverlik kavramları arasında karşılaştırmalar yaparak Yurtseverliğin milliyetçiliğe niçin tercih edilmesi gerektiğinin gerekçelerini temellendirmeye çalışır. Kitap boyunca Viroli bu karşılaştırmayı genellikle Yurt severlik lehine işleyen milliyetçilik aleyhine işleyen bir retorikle ve örneklerle ortaaya koymaya çalışmaktadır. Viroli, Rasyonellik, evrensel insani değerlere mesafeleri açısından her iki ideolojiyi karşılaştırarak Milliyetçiliğin handikapları olarak belirlediği fanatizm, katılık, ırkçılık ve faşizm üretme potansiyeline karşı Yurt severliğin ya da günümüzdeki adıyla Ulusalcılığın bunları engelleyen bir mükemmellik yanında insani, evrensel değerlere ve rasyonaliteye uyumu, demokratik değerlere açılımı gibi özellikleriyle adeta bir kurtarıcı gibi sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu kitabın analizi eşliğinde bu karşılaştırmaların ve içerdiği iddiaların doğruluğu tartışılmaktadır.
Türkiye Modernleşmesinde ‘Köy Enstitüleri’nin Yeri
Authors: Yazğan Aydın
Published: July 2024

Türkiye modernleşme hareketlerinde kilit rol oynayan köy enstitüleri, ülkenin okuryazar oranını artırmak, insanları mesleki anlamda eğitmek ve yapılan işin geleneksel yöntemlerden ziyade modern yöntemlerle yapılmasını sağlamak adına kurulan okullardır. Cumhuriyetin kuruluş yıllarında çağı yakalamak ve muasır medeniyetler seviyesine ulaşmak önem arz etmiştir. Bu nedenle atılacak adımlardan önemli birisi de ülke yapısına uygun sağlıklı, uygulanabilir bir eğitim sistemi oluşturmaktır. Bundan dolayı mevcut eğitim sisteminin revize edilerek çağa uygun hale getirilmesi ve eğitimin yaygınlaşması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu minvalde eğitimin köye ulaşması elzem bir durum olarak görülmüştür. Köy enstitülerinin kurulmasındaki temel amaç da, halkın; devletin gelişmesine ayak uydurması, bilinçlenmesi ve modernleşmesini sağlamaktır. Köy enstitüleri yapı ve işleyiş tarzı olarak devletin kurduğu diğer okullardan farklı bir öneme sahipti. Bu okulların öncelikli hedefi köyün çok yönlü bir şekilde kalkınmasına yardımcı olmaktır. Bundan dolayı köy enstitüleri Türkiye’nin eğitim hayatında hayati bir konumda yer almaktaydı. Bu çalışmada köy enstitülerinin kuruluş, gelişim ve kapatılmasına götüren süreçler ele alınmıştır. Bunun yanında bu okulların genel bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır.
Şeyh Müşerref’in Şeyh Muhammed Kazım’a Yazdığı Arapça Mektup ve Şiirler
Authors: Baydarman Mehmet Nafih
Published: July 2024

20. yüzyılda Siirt ve çevresinde yaşamış ve Arapça şiir yazan meşhur âlimlerin başında gelen Şeyh Müşerref Özcan, Mahlasını kullanarak Şeyh Muhammed Kazım’a yazdığı Arapça şiir ve mektuplarında sadece estetik bir dil kullanmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda dini içerikli derin mesajları da başarıyla iletir. Bu mektup ve şiirler, Arap edebiyatına zenginlik katan ve geleneği sürdüren bir rol üstlenerek Arap edebiyatının ötesinde kültürel miras oluşturmuştur. Şeyh Müşerref'in yazıları, özellikle Şeyh Muhammed Kazım'a yazdığı mektup ve şiirler, her iki şeyhin de öne çıkan meziyetlerini yansıtarak özel bir derinlik içermektedir. Bu mektup ve şiirler Şeyh Muhammed Kazım'ın dindarlık, hoşgörü ve bilgelik gibi meziyetlerini ve onun bölgedeki saygın konumunu vurgular. Bu eserler, sadece Arapça edebiyatının zengin mirasına katkıda bulunmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda entelektüel ve kültürel birikimiyle bölgesel liderlerin portresini çizer, onların değerli meziyetlerini ön plana çıkarır. Yapılan araştırmada Şeyh Müşerref, Şeyh Muhammed Kazım'a üç mektup, bir manzume, vefatı üzerine yazdığı mersiye ve onun için yapılan türbe hakkında mehdiye kaleme aldığı tespit dilmiştir. Bu makalede Şeyh Müşerref ve Şeyh Muhammed Kazım’dan kısaca bahsedildikten sonra klasik Arap edebiyatının güzel örneklerinden birini sunan ve Arapça kaleme alınan mektup ve şiirlerin metni verilecek ve edebi bir bakış açısıyla analiz edilecektir.
Kipchak Networks of Power in Mongol China
Authors: Erk Kutluay
Published: July 2024

Kipchak tribes have always had an important military role in the Mongol Empire. In this article, a Kipchak tribe that was at the center of this military role and formed a strong social and political network in Mongolian China is discussed. In addition to their military roles and the social capital they use to strengthen their influence in the Mongolian civil bureaucracy in China, the functioning of their family structure and its benefits are shown. Accordingly, even the marriages of the members of the Kipchak tribe in question served to establish or expand their power networks. Local records of the Jiking Region in China, which hosted many prominent immigrants during the Yuan period, provide important evidence for this investigation. Tuq Tuq’a’s relatives and descendants, who took care to preserve their identity as an elite military unit until the end of the dynasty, both in the civil bureaucracy and in the military field, successfully maintained the position of Commander of the Imperial Guard; In addition, this important and powerful military clan gained significant property and financial advantages in the Jiking Region. This nomadic group that settled in China became an important part of the Yuan Dynasty.
Dünya Dışı Seyahatler Çağı: Uzay Turizminin İlk Yolcuları
Authors: Tapan İrfan
Published: July 2024

Turizm; insanların belli bir süreliğine, yaşadığı günlük ortamdan ayrılıp, dinlenmek, eğlenmek, bilgi edinmek gibi amaçlarla gerçekleştirdiği seyahat hareketine verilen isimdir. Turizm tarihinin geçmişi MÖ.4000’li yıllara dayanan ilk seyahatler olmakla birlikte günümüze kadar geçen süreçte turizm sektöründe önemli değişimler yaşamıştır. Özellikle 1950’li yıllardan sonra hız kazanan turizm olgusu kitle turizmi iken, daha sonraki yıllarda alternatif turizm türleri ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu tarihlerden itibaren turizm sektöründe daha korumacı, planlı ve sürdürülebilir bir yönelim hareketi oluşmaya başlamıştır. Ortaya çıkan bu alternatif turizm türleri daha bireysel ve seçici türler olmuştur. Bu dönemde özellikle doğa dostu, korumacı ve bilgilendirici türler ortaya çıkmıştır. Ancak turistlerde değişen istek ve beklentiler farklı alternatif türlerin ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Diğer turizm türlerinden farklı olarak daha masraflı olan bu türler, eğitim ve ekonomik açıdan farklı turist profillerinin oluşmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Trend turizm türlerinden biri olacağı düşünülen bu yeni alternatif turizm türü uzay turizmidir. Bu yeni turizm türüne katılan turistlerin, genellikle konu ile alakalı olarak iyi bir eğitim alması gerekmektedir. Hazırlanan bu çalışmada geleceğin trend turizm türlerinden biri olacağı düşünülen bu alternatif turizm çeşidinin güncel durumu, önümüzdeki yıllarda planlanan gelişimi ile sorunlarına değinilecektir.
Adilcevaz Ağzında Geçen Deyimler ve Kalıp Sözler
Authors: Sevinçli Veysi
Published: July 2024

Deyimler, yapısında sesler, bu seslerin oluşturduğu kelimelerden meydana gelen kelime gruplarıdır. Her türlü ifadenin süsü sayılan bu gruplar, Türk dilinin de en önemli kelime grupları arasında yer alır. Yazılı ve sözlü ifadelerde gerçek anlamının yanında genellikle mecazî anlamda kullanılan ve en az iki kelime ve zaman zaman da cümlelerden oluşan söz gruplarından biridir. Duygu, düşünce ve arzular doğrudan doğruya anlatılamadıkları zamanda başvurulan yol ve yöntemdir. Şair ve yazarlar roman, hikâye ve özellikle şiirlere bu söz gruplarına müracaat edilir. Şiirlerdeki anlatımlar çoğunlukla mecazîdir. Burada en önemli amaç, şair ve yazarın niyetini, söylemek istediklerini topluma vermek istediği mesajı okuyucunun yorumuna bırakmak, biraz da daha sonra doğacak sakıncalı durumlardan kendini garanti altına almaktır. Kalıp sözler de deyimler gibi toplumların kültürünü yansıtmanın yanında onun inançlarına, gelenek ve göreneklerine ve aynı zamanda insanî ilişkilerine de ışık tutar. Bu çalışmada Adilcevaz ağzında geçen deyim ve kalıp sözler ele alınmıştır. Deyim ve kalıp sözlerin önce orijinal kullanımı verilip ardından örnekleriyle birlikte açıklamaları yapılmıştır.
Dynamics of Duty of Care in Medical Profession
Authors: Ojo Stephen S. , Obieze N.S. Nweke
Published: July 2024

From the initiation of medical treatment to full recovery, the foremost duty of medical professionals, along with the entire healthcare team, is to ensure the patient's well-being. Such attentive care and diligent patient assessment are not merely commendable practices but are legally mandated duties, referred to as the duty of care, breach of which incurs corresponding penalties. The practice of medicine in Nigeria has witnessed its fair share of unfortunate incidents. Despite regulatory frameworks and advancements in medicine, Nigerian hospitals and healthcare facilities have become hotspots for persistent breaches of the duty of care. The purpose of this study is to thoroughly assess the Duty of Care in the Nigerian Medical Profession and identify the factors leading to the failure to observe and enforce this duty. This study employs a doctrinal approach, primarily relying on library-based research. Findings reveal that institutional flaws exist, which result in inadequate application of relevant medical legislation, including Nigeria's Code of Medical Ethics. The paper argues that breaches of duty of care in medical negligence have led to misdiagnoses and incorrect treatments, often resulting in complications or death for patients, which is increasingly common in Nigeria. The study recommends that relevant government agencies and mass media should raise awareness among citizens about their rights to seek remedies for injuries resulting from a physician’s breach of duty of care.
Consideraciones sobre la negociación en el Derecho Internacional
Authors: Castillo Argañarás Luis Fernando
Published: July 2024

Las negociaciones tienen gran relevancia en las relaciones internacionales. Es una herramienta que emplea el Derecho Internacional en la gestión de los conflictos y es la base de la función diplomática. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una aproximación a la negociación desde el Derecho Internacional Público. Así, se busca dar respuesta a los siguientes interrogantes: 1) ¿Qué es la negociación internacional y cuáles son sus características? 2) Desde el punto de vista del Derecho Internacional Público, ¿está regulada? 3) ¿Existe la obligación de negociar de buena fe?
El impacto de la violencia intrafamiliar en el ejercicio del derecho de visita transfronterizo en la Unión Europea: ¿una oportunidad perdida?
Authors: Marchal Escalona Nuria
Published: July 2024

Todo niño, niña y adolescente tiene derecho a mantener, de forma periódica, relaciones personales y contactos directos con sus progenitores, aunque estos vivan en un país distinto al de su residencia habitual, a menos que ello resulte contrario a su interés. No obstante, en supuestos transfronterizos la concesión y el ejercicio de este derecho puede poner en peligro al menor que ha vivido episodios de violencia intrafamiliar. Es estos casos es necesario contar con un marco jurídico adecuado que proteja el “interés superior del menor” y lo salvaguarde del progenitor maltratador. En el presente estudio nos proponemos analizar en qué medida la normativa de Derecho internacional privado y, en particular, la normativa institucional que regula el reconocimiento y la ejecución de las decisiones dictadas en el ámbito europeo aplican el Gender Mainstreaming en este ámbito.
PENGENALAN BAHAYA DAN PENANGANAN PENYAKIT DEGENERATIF PADA USIA MUDA
Authors: Fatkhiya Musa Fitri , Jeff Jamaludin Al , Faza Febi Ilma , Ananda Luthfiah , Chelsea Najwa
Published: July 2024

Penyakit degenerative adalah penyakit jangka panjang yang bersifat progresif. Penyakit degenerative yang paling umum diketahui adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler atau penyakit yang berhubungan dengan jantung dan pembuluh darah dan penyakit neurodegenerative atau penyakit jangka panjang yang menyerang system neuron atau saraf. Penyakit degenerative tidak dapat disembuhkan dan hanya dapat dikontrol gejalanya menggunakan obat-obatan. Penggunaan obat yang tidak patuh dapat menyebabkan perburukan kondisi pasien, dapat menimbulkan komplikasi penyakit lain bahkan kematian. Salah satu factor resiko dari timbulnya penyakit kardiovaskuler adalah gaya hidup yang tidak baik dan benar. Untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler, maka diperlukan pemahaman dan pengetahuan yang cukup dalam menjaga pola hidup yang baik yang dimulai sejak sedini mungkin. Kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan yaitu penyuluhan Pengenalan Bahaya Dan Penanganan Penyakit Degeneratif Pada Usia Muda yang akan dilaksanakan di Smk Nusantara Comal. Hasil kegiatan kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan perbedaan pada sebelum dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan yang diharapkan kegiatan penyuluhan dapat rutin dilakukan dan dapat membantu anak-anak usia muda mencegah terjadinya komplikasi dan gangguan kardiovaskuler
Finite Number Solutions of a Diophantine Algebraic System
Authors: FINTA Béla ,   University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ”G.E. Palade” of Târgu Mureș, Romania
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that a Diophantine algebraic
system has finite number solutions.
Examining the Interconnections among ICT, Education, and Unemployment Evidence from Selected Asian Economies
Authors: Raza Faiza , Raza Rabia
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the research: This study investigates the influence of education and information communication technology (ICT) on economic growth and development in selected Asian countries, with a focus on reducing unemployment rates.
Design/methodology: Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique, the research analyses the relationship between unemployment rates and key independent variables such as secondary education, ICT index, foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, and inflation.
Results/findings: The findings highlight the significant impact of secondary education, ICT, FDI, economic growth, and inflation on reducing unemployment levels in the selected Asian countries. The study emphasizes the importance of government initiatives to provide free higher education and expand financial debt facilities to boost per capita income and stimulate economic growth.
Practical Implications and Conclusions: The research underscores the critical role of education, ICT, and economic policies in addressing unemployment challenges and fostering sustainable development in Asian economies. It recommends prioritizing investments in education and technology infrastructure and implementing measures to enhance financial accessibility and ICT utilization to combat unemployment effectively.
Fotovoltaik Sistem Tasarımı ve Analizi: Sivas Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: Yılankırkan Nazile , İsaoğulları Dilara
Published: July 2024

Fosil yakıt tüketiminin sebep olduğu sera gazları küresel ısınmaya yol açmakta olup, bu durum dünya üzerindeki canlı yaşamını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Küresel ısınmanın öncelikle yavaşlatılabilmesi devamında ise önlenebilmesi amacıyla dünya genelinde fosil yakıt tüketiminin azaltılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu sebeple yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından enerji üretiminin önemi ve üretilen enerjinin toplam enerji miktarı içerisindeki payı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu kapsamda yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının başında gelen güneş enerjisi alanında Türkiye’de de çalışmalar ve yatırımlar artarak devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, güneş enerjisi sistemlerinden çatı tipi uygulamasının, PV*SOL yazılım programı kullanılarak simülasyonu yapılmıştır. Simülasyonda, 238 adet 455 Wp gücünde modül kullanılarak toplamda 108,29 kWp gücünde güneş enerjisi santrali (GES) tasarlanmıştır. GES tasarımı hem güney cephe hem de kuzey cephe için yapılmış olup tasarlanan sistemlerin geri ödeme süresi güney cephe için 2,9 yıl kuzey cephe için 3,1 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Elektromekanik Destekli Diş İmplant Uygulamaları
Authors: Karaca Faruk , Ünal Engin
Published: July 2024

Son yıllarda geleneksel diş cerrahisine alternatif olarak dental implant uygulamalarında elektromekanik sistemlerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu tür uygulamalar, hekimin kişisel el becerisi ve hassasiyeti gibi işlem kalitesini doğrudan etkileyen önemli faktörleri minimize etmek için geliştirilen yöntemleri içermektedir. Bu dezavantajı giderebilmek için elektromekanik sistemlerden destek alınmaktadır. Elektromekanik sistemler gelişmiş hassasiyet ve doğruluk yetenekleri sayesinde hekime daha doğru operasyon yapma olanağı sağlar. Özellikle implantın monte edileceği yerin hassas bir şekilde belirlenmesi ve hazırlanması süreci, hasta sağlığı ve operasyon başarısı için son derece önemlidir. Bu bakımdan elektromekanik sistem hekimle birlikte çalışarak sistemin kontrolünde ve uygulamasında hekime destek olur. Bu çalışmada, yakın zamandaki mevcut çalışmaların kapsamı ve niteliği hakkında bir derleme sunulmaktadır.
Characteristics Of Occlusion In Primary Dentition And Its Relationship With Caries In Preschool Children In Aydın
Authors: Çoban Zülal , Sönmez Işıl
Published: July 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of occlusion in primary dentition and examine its relationship to caries experience in preschoolers in Aydın, TÜRKİYE.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 962 children aged 3–5 years from preschoolers in a cross-sectional design. The clinical features were evaluated according to Björk et al and the caries examination was carried out with dft index.

Results: The most common type of terminal plane relationship was flush type (46.7%) and primary canine relationship was Class I (69.6%). The most common type of irregularity was the prevalence of deep overbite (55.7%) followed by midline deviation (15.8%). Approximately half of the children (51.2%) had at least one carious tooth but caries experience was not related with any of the occlusal irregularities.

Conclusion: Occlusal characteristics of the preschool children were defined and no relationship was found between these features and gender or caries experience.
La radio, compañera del hogar. Uso y consumo del espacio y el horario doméstico durante el primer franquismo (1939-1959)
Authors: Blanco Fajardo Sergio
Published: July 2024

Una vez impuesto el Nuevo Estado e incardinadas las mujeres en la esfera doméstica, éstas se transformarían en productoras y reproductoras de las políticas franquistas a través de constantes y reiterativos mecanismos de adoctrinamiento e interpelación. En esta trayectoria, la radio, como dispositivo cultural al servicio de la dictadura, contribuyó, junto con las actividades de Sección Femenina y Acción Católica, a transmitir el modelo de “perfecta ama de casa”. El presente trabajo pretende exponer a través del análisis de las emisiones de radio femeninas las pautas de consumo de tiempo en el hogar y mostrar que la programación, con sus contenidos, hiatos y secuencias, se dirigía a legitimar y fortalecer la presencia de las mujeres en los espacios domésticos.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN MANGROVE DI DESA BUANO SELATAN KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT
Authors: Kerlirey Muhammad , Tjoa Marthina , Iskar Iskar
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the form of mangrove forest management and the level of community participation and community supervisory groups in mangrove management in South Buano village. The research was conducted in February - March 2023. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling method and data analysis was carried out descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The research results show that the form of mangrove management by the community is carried out based on community knowledge to protect and maintain mangroves. There is a Community Monitoring Group (Pokmaswas) organization that was formed for mangrove management with activities including planning, seeding, maintenance, monitoring and trash cleaning activities in mangrove areas. The level of community participation in mangrove forest management in South Buano village has the highest incentive participation category in seeding, planting and maintenance activities.
Inclusive Policy Innovation in Improving Welfare for People with Disabilities during the COVID-19 Period in Batam City
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Syahfitriani Anggi
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is an effort to strengthen policies that must be carried out as a step in preparing regulations for the implementation of various policies, especially for people with disabilities, such as various breakthroughs in the development of basic competencies that include various skills. This research is motivated by the problems faced by the Batam City Government in fulfilling the right to work for people with disabilities and improving the welfare of people with disabilities. The theory used in this discussion refers to the Inclusive Policy Theory which is continuous with the Inclusive Economic Policy launched by the Ministry of Manpower, this research also uses qualitative methods with descriptive research types. The results of this study indicate that there are 5 challenges to the welfare of people with disabilities in Batam City, one of which is that there is no programmed job training for persons with disabilities. This means that people with disabilities find it difficult to find work and are unable to compete with workers who do not have physical disabilities. Therefore, inclusive policies and inclusive economies are able to coexist in advancing the economy of disabled workers and are accompanied by Law number 8 of 2016 in Article 53 paragraph (1).
Implementasi Sidang Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan pada Lapas dan Rutan di Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Sukiman
Published: July 2024

Kajian ini berupaya untuk melihat Implementasi Sidang Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan Pada Lapas dan Rutan di Kepulaauan Riau. Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan adalah Tim yang bertugas memberikan saran mengenai program pembinaan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan. Permasalahan kajian ini adalah bagaimana Implementasi Sidang Tim Pengamat Pemasyarakatan Pada Lapas dan Rutan di Kepulaauan Riau. Jenis kajian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan lokasi kajian pada 9 UPT pemasyarakatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode wawancara. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menemukan bahwa siding TPP sudah berjalan sesuai aturan dan tidak terdapat pemungutan biaya selama proses siding TPP. Total siding TPP yang dilaksanakan selama tahun 2022 di 9 UPT pemasyarakatan adalah berjumlah 292 kali.
NEW INFILTRATION ON CHEST X- RAY FOR EMERGENCY DIAGNOSIS OF PNEUMONIA
Authors: Agha Afshah Khan , Ramazan Marmood , Lorentzen Morten Hjarnø , Skjøt-Arkil Helene
Published: July 2024

Introduktion: Pneumoni er en meget hyppig og alvorlig infektion med høj mortalitet. På trods af studier, der viser manglende sensitivitet, diagnosticeres pneumoni udfra påvist nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax.
Formål: Formålet med dette studie var at undersøge hvor mange af patienterne diagnostiseret med pneumoni havde påvist et nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax, samt undersøge om deres kliniske præsentation adskilte sig fra dem uden nyt infiltrat.
Metode: Studiet var et diagnostisk studie med retrospektiv journalgennemgang af patienter diagnosticeret med pneumoni, som blev udskrevet fra en dansk akutmodtagelse i 2018. Beskrivelsen af røntgen af thorax ved ankomst blev gennemgået og andelen med påvist nytilkommet infiltrat blev beregnet. Forskel i klinisk præsentation herunder symptomer og komorbiditet samt 7-dags dødelighed blev undersøgt med en chi i anden-test.
Resultater: 556 patienter blev inkluderet. Af disse havde 62% påvist et nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax. Den kliniske præsentation samt dødelighed var uafhængig af om der var påvist nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax. Konklusion: 62% af patienter diagnosticeret med pneumoni på akutmodtagelsen havde påvist nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax. Der var ingen sammenhæng mellem den kliniske præsentation og påvist nytilkommet infiltrat på røntgen af thorax.
Sjælden type subaraknoidal blødning som årsag til svære rygsmerter
Authors: Metzler Emma Katrine , Richall Humeira , Simony Ane
Published: July 2024

Introduktion og formål: Akut indsættende lænderygsmerter er en hyppig årsag til skadestuekontakt, ofte på grund af lumbago, mistanke om diskusprolaps eller mere akutte tilstande som for eksempel aortadissektion. Denne case viser en sjælden differentialdiagnose til svære lænderygsmerter: en spinal subaraknoidal blødning. 
Metoder: Efter patientsamtykket er der indhentet information fra patientens journal om indlæggelser og efterfølgende ambulante besøg, samt information om medicinindtag og billeddiagnostiske fund.
Resultater: Casen drejer sig om en kvinde i magnylbehandling, der kommer ind som akut kald pga. svære rygsmerter, hvor aortadissektion udelukkes ved helkrops CT-skanning. Patienten undersøges grundigt og udskrives med diagnosen lumbago. Dagen efter kommer patienten igen på skadestuen med svære rygsmerter på trods af den opstartede smertestillende behandling og nytilkommet anal dysæstesi. Hun har ikke symptomer på cauda equina syndrom. Fire dage senere diagnosticeres hun med en spinal subaraknoidal blødning på MR af columna lumbalis. 
Diskussion og konklusion: Da spinale subaraknoidale blødninger udgør <1 % af alle subaraknoidale blødninger, bør denne tilstand overvejes differentialdiagnostisk, efter en patient indlægges i en akutmodtagelse med svære rygsmerter, når hyperakutte tilstande, såsom aortadissektion, er udelukket. Tilstanden bør især overvejes, hvis patienten udviser neurologiske symptomer og smerter, der er svære at behandle. Hvis denne tilstand overses, kan det resultere i permanente neurologiske udfald eller død.
A brief note on intuitionistic fuzzy operators
Authors: Bhattacharya Jaydip ,   Department of Mathematics, Bir Bikram Memorial College
Published: July 2024

The research on intuitionistic fuzzy sets gives an extra dimension in mathematics. It has been observed that some operators including the modal operators have very interesting properties in intuitionistic fuzzy sets. More important properties are investigated in this paper and new findings are obtained and proved.
Human disturbance increases spatiotemporal associations among mountain forest terrestrial mammal species
Authors: Li Xueyou , Bleisch William V , Hu Wenqiang , Li Quan , Wang Hongjiao , Chen Zhongzheng , Bai Ru , Jiang Xue-Long
Published: July 2024

Spatial and temporal associations between sympatric species underpin biotic interactions, structure ecological assemblages, and sustain ecosystem functioning and stability. However, the resilience of interspecific spatiotemporal associations to human activity remains poorly understood, particularly in mountain forests where anthropogenic impacts are often pervasive. Here, we applied context-dependent Joint Species Distribution Models to a systematic camera-trap survey dataset from a global biodiversity hotspot in eastern Himalayas to understand how prominent human activities in mountain forests influence species associations within terrestrial mammal communities. We obtained 10,388 independent detections of 17 focal species (12 carnivores and five ungulates) from 322 stations over 43,163 camera days of effort. We identified a higher incidence of positive associations in habitats with higher levels of human modification (87%) and human presence (83%) compared to those located in habitats with lower human modification (64%) and human presence (65%) levels. We also detected a significant reduction of pairwise encounter time at increasing levels of human disturbance, corresponding to more frequent encounters between pairs of species. Our findings indicate that human activities can push mammals together into more frequent encounters and associations, which likely influences the coexistence and persistence of wildlife, with potential far-ranging ecological consequences.
Heparan sulfate-dependent phase separation of CCL5 and its chemotactic activity
Authors: Yu Xiaolin , Duan Guangfei , Pei Pengfei , Chen Long , Gu Renji , Hu Wenrui , Zhang Hongli , Wang Yan-Dong , Gong Lili , Liu Lihong , Chu Ting-Ting , Li Jin-Ping , Luo Shi-Zhong
Published: July 2024

Secreted chemokines form concentration gradients in target tissues to control migratory directions and patterns of immune cells in response to inflammatory stimulation; however, how the gradients are formed is much debated. Heparan sulfate (HS) binds to chemokines and modulates their activities. In this study, we investigated the roles of HS in the gradient formation and chemoattractant activity of CCL5 that is known to bind to HS. CCL5 and heparin underwent liquid–liquid phase separation and formed gradient, which was confirmed using CCL5 immobilized on heparin-beads. The biological implication of HS in CCL5 gradient formation was established in CHO-K1 (wild-type) and CHO-677 (lacking HS) cells by Transwell assay. The effect of HS on CCL5 chemoattractant activity was further proved by Transwell assay of human peripheral blood cells. Finally, peritoneal injection of the chemokines into mice showed reduced recruitment of inflammatory cells either by mutant CCL5 (lacking heparin-binding sequence) or by addition of heparin to wild-type CCL5. Our experimental data propose that co-phase separation of CCL5 with HS establishes a specific chemokine concentration gradient to trigger directional cell migration. The results warrant further investigation on other heparin-binding chemokines and allows for a more elaborate insight into disease process and new treatment strategies.
Systematic evaluation of multifactorial causal associations for Alzheimer’s disease and an interactive platform MRAD developed based on Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhao Tianyu , Li Hui , Zhang Meishuang , Xu Yang , Zhang Ming , Chen Li
Published: July 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and elucidating its pathogenesis remains challenging. In this study, we used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model as the major analysis method to perform hypothesis-free Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on the data from MRC IEU OpenGWAS (18,097 exposure traits and 16 AD outcome traits), and conducted sensitivity analysis with six models, to assess the robustness of the IVW results, to identify various classes of risk or protective factors for AD, early-onset AD, and late-onset AD. We generated 400,274 data entries in total, among which the major analysis method of the IVW model consists of 73,129 records with 4840 exposure traits, which fall into 10 categories: Disease, Medical laboratory science, Imaging, Anthropometric, Treatment, Molecular trait, Gut microbiota, Past history, Family history, and Lifestyle trait. More importantly, a freely accessed online platform called MRAD (https://gwasmrad.com/mrad/) has been developed using the Shiny package with MR analysis results. Additionally, novel potential AD therapeutic targets (CD33, TBCA, VPS29, GNAI3, PSME1) are identified, among which CD33 was positively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with both EOAD and LOAD. TBCA and VPS29 were negatively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with both EOAD and LOAD. GNAI3 and PSME1 were negatively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with LOAD, but had no significant causal association with EOAD. The findings of our research advance our understanding of the etiology of AD.
Homeostatic synaptic normalization optimizes learning in network models of neural population codes
Authors: Mayzel Jonathan , Schneidman Elad
Published: July 2024

Studying and understanding the code of large neural populations hinge on accurate statistical models of population activity. A novel class of models, based on learning to weigh sparse nonlinear Random Projections (RP) of the population, has demonstrated high accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. Importantly, these RP models have a clear and biologically plausible implementation as shallow neural networks. We present a new class of RP models that are learned by optimizing the randomly selected sparse projections themselves. This ‘reshaping’ of projections is akin to changing synaptic connections in just one layer of the corresponding neural circuit model. We show that Reshaped RP models are more accurate and efficient than the standard RP models in recapitulating the code of tens of cortical neurons from behaving monkeys. Incorporating more biological features and utilizing synaptic normalization in the learning process, results in accurate models that are more efficient. Remarkably, these models exhibit homeostasis in firing rates and total synaptic weights of projection neurons. We further show that these sparse homeostatic reshaped RP models outperform fully connected neural network models. Thus, our new scalable, efficient, and highly accurate population code models are not only biologically plausible but are actually optimized due to their biological features. These findings suggest a dual functional role of synaptic normalization in neural circuits: maintaining spiking and synaptic homeostasis while concurrently optimizing network performance and efficiency in encoding information and learning.
Altered hepatic metabolism mediates sepsis preventive effects of reduced glucose supply in infected preterm newborns
Authors: Bæk Ole , Muk Tik , Wu Ziyuan , Ye Yongxin , Khakimov Bekzod , Casano Alessandra Maria , Gangadharan Bagirath , Bilic Ivan , Brunse Anders , Sangild Per Torp , Nguyen Duc Ninh
Published: July 2024

Preterm infants are susceptible to neonatal sepsis, a syndrome of pro-inflammatory activity, organ damage, and altered metabolism following infection. Given the unique metabolic challenges and poor glucose regulatory capacity of preterm infants, their glucose intake during infection may have a high impact on the degree of metabolism dysregulation and organ damage. Using a preterm pig model of neonatal sepsis, we previously showed that a drastic restriction in glucose supply during infection protects against sepsis via suppression of glycolysis-induced inflammation, but results in severe hypoglycemia. Now we explored clinically relevant options for reducing glucose intake to decrease sepsis risk, without causing hypoglycemia and further explore the involvement of the liver in these protective effects. We found that a reduced glucose regime during infection increased survival via reduced pro-inflammatory response, while maintaining normoglycemia. Mechanistically, this intervention enhanced hepatic oxidative phosphorylation and possibly gluconeogenesis, and dampened both circulating and hepatic inflammation. However, switching from a high to a reduced glucose supply after the debut of clinical symptoms did not prevent sepsis, suggesting metabolic conditions at the start of infection are key in driving the outcome. Finally, an early therapy with purified human inter-alpha inhibitor protein, a liver-derived anti-inflammatory protein, partially reversed the effects of low parenteral glucose provision, likely by inhibiting neutrophil functions that mediate pathogen clearance. Our findings suggest a clinically relevant regime of reduced glucose supply for infected preterm infants could prevent or delay the development of sepsis in vulnerable neonates.
Rudhira-mediated microtubule stability controls TGFβ signaling during mouse vascular development
Authors: Joshi Divyesh , Jindal Preeti , Shetty Ronak , Inamdar Maneesha S
Published: July 2024

The Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is critical for survival, proliferation, and cell migration, and is tightly regulated during cardiovascular development. Smads, key effectors of TGFβ signaling, are sequestered by microtubules (MTs) and need to be released for pathway function. Independently, TGFβ signaling also stabilizes MTs. Molecular details and the
in vivo
relevance of this cross-regulation remain unclear, understanding which is important in complex biological processes such as cardiovascular development. Here, we use
rudhira/Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence 3 (BCAS3)
, a MT-associated, endothelium-restricted and developmentally essential proto-oncogene, as a pivot to decipher cellular mechanisms in bridging TGFβ signaling and MT stability. We show that Rudhira regulates TGFβ signaling
in vivo,
during mouse cardiovascular development, and in endothelial cells in culture. Rudhira associates with MTs and is essential for the activation and release of Smad2/3 from MTs. Consequently, Rudhira depletion attenuates Smad2/3- dependent TGFβ signaling thereby impairing cell migration. Interestingly, Rudhira is also a transcriptional target of Smad2/3-dependent TGFβ signaling essential for TGFβ-induced MT stability. Our study identifies an immediate early physical role and a slower, transcription-dependent role for Rudhira in cytoskeleton-TGFβ signaling crosstalk. These two phases of control could facilitate temporally- and spatially restricted targeting of the cytoskeleton and/or TGFβ signaling in vascular development and disease.
Observing one-divalent-metal-ion dependent and histidine-promoted His-Me family I-PpoI nuclease catalysis in crystallo
Authors: Chang Caleb , Zhou Grace , Gao Yang
Published: July 2024

Metal-ion-dependent nucleases play crucial roles in cellular defense and biotechnological applications. Time-resolved crystallography has resolved catalytic details of metal-ion-dependent DNA hydrolysis and synthesis, uncovering the essential roles of multiple metal ions during catalysis. The superfamily of His-Me nucleases is renowned for binding one divalent metal ion and requiring a conserved histidine to promote catalysis. Many His-Me family nucleases, including homing endonucleases and Cas9 nuclease, have been adapted for biotechnological and biomedical applications. However, it remains unclear how this single metal ion in His-Me nucleases, together with the histidine, promotes water deprotonation, nucleophilic attack, and phosphodiester bond breakage. By observing DNA hydrolysis
in crystallo
with His-Me I-PpoI nuclease as a model system, we proved that only one divalent metal ion is required during its catalysis. Moreover, we uncovered several possible deprotonation pathways for the nucleophilic water. Interestingly, binding of the single metal ion and water deprotonation are concerted during catalysis. Our results reveal catalytic details of His-Me nucleases, which is distinct from multi-metal-ion-dependent DNA polymerases and nucleases.
Mirada matriz y potencia oscura de la mirada
Authors: Lizarazo Diego
Published: July 2024

Derrida y Agamben proponen el origen del arte en una negatividad: la ceguera en un caso y la potencia-de-no en el otro. Esta confluencia me permite proponer el concepto de potencia oscura de la mirada para dar cuenta del lugar inagotable y siempre abierto de la mirada que no se agota en sus realizaciones históricas. Con ello planteo tres cosas que fundamentan una perspectiva estética y política de la mirada: 1. la mirada es una estructura simbólica y matricial que organiza las formas de ver de una cultura o una sociedad; 2. las formas históricas de ver se encuentran gobernadas por fuerzas estéticas y políticas dominantes del sentido a las que llamo mirada matriz; 3. ante la mirada matriz se erigen, persistentemente, formas de contra mirada y miradas disidentes que propugnan por romper sus hegemonías y que definen la transformación y el dinamismo de la mirada.
A PROBLEMÁTICA ENUNCIATIVA EM CHARGES DURANTE A PANDEMIA:
Authors: Barros Camila , Petterson Gomes do Vale Rony
Published: July 2024

No cenário da pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde apresentou uma instabilidade de gestores: de 2020 a 2022, o comando foi alterado quatro vezes, tendo como ministros Luiz Henrique Mandetta, Nelson Teich, Eduardo Pazuello e Marcelo Queiroga. Diante desse contexto, objetivamos descrever e analisar sociodiscursivamente as representações, em charges, do ministro da saúde durante a pandemia. Como base teórico-metodológica, utilizamos a Teoria Semiolinguística (TS) de Patrick Charaudeau. Assim, os resultados parciais indicaram que a representação do ministro da saúde do período consistiu em um gestor circunscrito por silenciamento, apatia e submissão, em um contexto predominantemente marcado por negacionismo, omissão e passividade.
Facilitating Accuracy in Showup Identification Procedures: The Effects of the Presence of Stolen Property
Authors: Smith Andrew M. , Leach Amy‐May , Cutler Brian L.
Published: December 2012

Law enforcement personnel regularly present suspects to eyewitnesses using showups. In this study, we examined the impact of the presence of stolen property on live showup identification performance. Two hundred seventy university students were exposed to a simulated theft. During the subsequent showup, we manipulated the presence of the target and stolen property. Binary logistic regression analyses indicated that both factors independently predicted the accuracy of identification decisions. Participants were more accurate when the target was in the showup and when the stolen property was present during the identification. Consistent with the item, context, and ensemble theory of recognition, the presence of stolen property led to an increase in sensitivity, suggesting ensemble formation. Future research on showups should continue to examine contextual variables that may lead to changes in sensitivity or criterion shift. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of a Cognitive Behavioral Self‐Help Intervention on Depression, Anxiety, and Coping Self‐Efficacy in People With Rheumatic Disease
Authors: Garnefski N. , Kraaij V. , Benoist M. , Bout Z. , Karels E. , Smit A.
Published: December 2012

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a new cognitive–behavioral self‐help program with minimal coaching could improve psychological well‐being (depression, anxiety, and coping self‐efficacy) in people with rheumatic disease and depressive symptoms.

Methods

In total, 82 persons with a rheumatic disease enrolled in a randomized controlled trial were allocated to either a group receiving the self‐help program or a waiting list control condition group. For both groups, measurements were done at baseline, posttest, and followup. The outcome measures were the depression and anxiety scales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and an adaptation of the Generalized Self‐Efficacy Scale. Repeated‐measures analyses of covariance were performed to evaluate changes in outcome measures from pretest to posttest and from posttest to followup.

Results

The results showed that the self‐help program was effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and in strengthening coping self‐efficacy. The positive effects remained after a followup period of 2 months.

Conclusion

This cost‐effective program could very well be used as a first step in a stepped care approach or as one of the treatment possibilities in a matched care approach.
Initiation of Tumor Necrosis Factor α Antagonists and Risk of Fractures in Patients With Selected Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Kawai Vivian K. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Arbogast Patrick G. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Solomon Daniel H. , Delzell Elizabeth , Chen Lang , Ouellet‐Hellstrom Rita , Herrinton Lisa , Liu Liyan , Mitchell Edward F. , Stein C. Michael , Griffin Marie R.
Published: December 2012

Objective

We tested the hypothesis that initiation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) antagonists reduced the risk of fractures compared to nonbiologic comparators in patients with autoimmune diseases.

Methods

Using 4 large administrative databases, we assembled retrospective cohorts of patients with autoimmune diseases who initiated either a TNFα antagonist or a nonbiologic medication. We identified 3 mutually exclusive disease groups: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and a combined group: psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We used baseline covariate data to calculate propensity scores (PS) for each disease group and used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We compared the risk of combined hip, radius/ulna, humerus, or pelvic fractures between PS‐matched cohorts of new users of TNFα antagonists and nonbiologic comparators.

Results

We identified 9,020, 2,014, and 2,663 new PS‐matched episodes of TNFα antagonist and nonbiologic comparator use in RA, IBD, and PsO‐PsA‐AS cohorts, respectively. The risk of combined fractures was similar between new users of TNFα antagonists and nonbiologic comparators for each disease (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.91–1.51; HR 1.49, 95% CI 0.72–3.11; and HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.47–1.82 for RA, IBD, and PsO‐PsA‐AS, respectively). In RA, the risk of combined fractures was associated with an average daily dosage of prednisone equivalents >10 mg/day at baseline compared with no glucocorticoid (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.03–2.30).

Conclusion

The risk of fractures did not differ between initiators of a biologic agent and a nonbiologic comparator for any disease studied. Among RA patients, use of >10 mg/day of prednisone equivalents at baseline increased the fracture risk.