bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O trabalho: sua centralidade no mundo contemporâneo
Authors: Melo Neto José Francisco De
Published: June 2023

Este texto insere-se na discussão atual sobre a problemática do trabalho. Procura mostrar que existe, ainda, uma mistura teórica ao identificar-se trabalho com emprego, quando se esquece de que trabalho é uma relação filosófica do humano com a natureza, enquanto que emprego é uma mera relação funcional na vida das pessoas. O trabalho, sendo uma relação humana com a natureza, é caracterizado, dialeticamente, como expressão de humanização da natureza enquanto que, também, se constitui como um processo de naturalização do humano. Finalmente, apresenta uma perspectiva teórica do trabalho como uma questão que se mantém no centro do debate paradigmático, nos dias de hoje.
A relação: processo produtivo e a formação de tecnólogos
Authors: Costa Maria José Dantas da
Published: June 2023

Com o presente texto objetivamos provocar uma reflexão acerca da formação de futuros tecnólogos nos Centros Federais de Educação Tecnológica. Abordaremos a relação ética, sociedade e tecnologia; os perfis profissionais e as perspectivas da educação tecnológica no sentido de fazer da cultura técnica um componente da formação ético-política e científica do(a) cidadão(ã), capaz de analisar e decidir sobre as possibilidades atuais e futuras da humanidade.
A ditadura que a Universidade Federal da Paraíba viveu e a memória de professores reviveu
Authors: Gomes Maria José Teixeira Lopes
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre o fenômeno da ditadura ocorrido na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, a partir do golpe militar de 1964. Consumado o golpe, a Universidade recebeu intervenção e, a partir desta data, a perseguição política ideológica se estabeleceu nos meios universitários. O objetivo deste trabalho é resgatar os fatos que aconteceram a partir desta intervenção através da memória de professores que foram expurgados pelo reitor. É preciso que esses fatos - que a história oficial não registrou - não caiam no esquecimento e que as novas gerações não ignorem o que tão caro custou aos membros da comunidade universitária de pensar politicamente diferente ou lutar pela volta da democracia e pelo estado de direito.
Teoria da expectância: uma exame da motivação para o programa da qualidade do CEFET-PB
Authors: Régis Helder Pontes , Calado Sônia Maria Rodrigues
Published: June 2023

Apoiado na teoria da expectância, este estudo analisa o quadro motivacional dos docentes do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica da Paraíba (CEFET-PB) para o envolvimento no programa de melhoria da qualidade. A teoria da expectância, pertencente ao grupo cognitivo das teorias da motivação, está sendo retomada pela comunidade científica internacional; contudo, pouco se conhece a respeito do comportamento deste modelo no ambiente brasileiro.
El siglo XIX en México. Una lectura crítica desde el pensamiento decolonial
Authors: Cruz Hernández Jorge Luis
Published: June 2023

El presente ensayo emerge desde la práctica docente del autor, del que reflexiona sobre su papel como sujeto indígena ante los discursos nacionales del pasado de México. De esta manera el escrito tiene la finalidad de discutir en torno a la construcción del conocimiento histórico nacional del siglo XIX en correspondencia con las necesidades de las comunidades indígenas. Se retoma el pensamiento decolonial para demostrar cómo el discurso del pasado histórico de México ha invisibilizado los proyectos políticos de las comunidades indígenas y a su vez promovido la discriminación en tanto pueblos sin memoria. El autor concluye su escrito reflexionando que la labor del profesor de educación básica es reconocer, en primer lugar, la educación como un acto político que posibilite a sus estudiantes la ruptura de conocimientos oficiales y comience con la liberación de su pasado y su presente.
KOMPARASI PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE SCRAMBLE DAN TIPE CARD SORT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGHAFAL KOSAKATA BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Islamiyah Imamatul
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were differences in the ability to memorize Arabic vocabulary between the scramble type and the card sort type at MTs Negeri 6 Sleman. This study uses a comparative and quantitative experimental approach. Using methods such as documentation, tests, and observations to collect data for this study. Participants in this study were all students of class VII MTs Negeri 6 Sleman. After that, samples were taken from two classes, namely the experimental group I using the scramble type, class VII C, and the experimental group II using the card sort type, class VII E. The results showed that the ability of students in the experimental group I to memorize Arabic vocabulary was significantly different. significant with students in the experimental group II. card sorting type of experimental group II with scramble type. This difference can be seen from the normal post-test value of the exploration group I of 77.18 while the test group II got a normal post-test value of 85.33. Therefore, it can be concluded that the class using the scramble type and the class using the card sort type differ significantly from one another. Thus the card sort learning model can be used as a replacement technique to increase one's capacity in maintaining Arabic vocabulary
The Role of Forecasting and Planning Management in Sustainable Hospital Supply Chain
Authors: Islam Md Shaiful , Habib Md. Mamun
Published: June 2023

In the continually evolving landscape of healthcare services, sustainable hospital supply chain management (SCM) has become a focal point in driving efficiency and improving patient care. This paper builds upon previous discussions about the critical roles of Hospital Infrastructure Development (HID) and Collaboration & Information Flow (CIF) in enhancing sustainable SCM. Herein, the significance of Forecasting and Planning Management (FPM) is examined as an essential component for sustainable SCM in the healthcare setting.
Sensory dimensions derived from competitive and creative perceptual interactions between fruity ethyl esters and woody odorants in wine-like models
Authors: De la Fuente Blanco Arancha , Sáenz-Navajas María-Pilar , Ballester Jordi , Franco-Luesma Ernesto , Valentin Dominique , Ferreira Vicente
Published: June 2023

The present study analyses the sensory effects associated with the interactions between different woody aroma compositions and a simple fruity ester vector in red wines. The semi-synthetic wine models contained a fixed aroma composition, the dearomatised non-volatile fraction of red wine and 21 different combinations of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (fruity vector) plus 1 out of 3 woody aroma compositions (woody vectors) at 3 possible levels of concentration each. Woody vectors imitated a highly toasted American oak (HAO—elevated levels of whiskylactones and furaneol), a highly toasted French oak (HFO—low levels of whiskylactone and vanillin levels, high levels of eugenol and guaiacol) and a medium toasted French oak (MFO—low levels of whiskylactones, eugenol, guaiacol and furaneol and high levels of vanilla). Models were sensorily assessed by a sorting task and by descriptive analysis. The increase in woody notes causes a concomitant decrease in fruity notes by a competitive perceptual interaction. HAO models are richest in coconut and woody notes and poorest in fruity notes, while HFO models keep strawberry and apple notes. At certain specific fruity-woody vector ratios, particularly in the MFO model, blackcurrant notes emerge, which can be considered a creative perceptual interaction.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF SPATHODEA CAMPANULATA FLOWER BUD EXUDATE ON CATARACTOGENESIS IN RAT LENSES
Authors: Adio Gbemisola I , Faluyi J. O. , Osoniyi Omolaja
Published: June 2023

Background: The flower bud exudates of Spathodea campanulata is commonly used as a local eye drop in Nigeria and is anecdotally claimed to improve vision. This study evaluated the anti-cataract activity of Spathodea campanulata (SPCM) flower bud exudates against cataractogenesis using rat lenses. This was done with a view to providing empirical scientific support for the use of the exudates from SPCM in the treatment and management of certain eye disorders.

Materials and Methods: Fifty (50) rat lenses were used in this study, i.e. five groups of ten (10) lenses per group. Lenses were incubated in artificial aqueous humor (Normal control) with simultaneous incubation in 30 mM galactose (Untreated cataract). Co-incubation with captopril (Captopril treated cataract); 0.1 mg/ml of the exudate (Exudate treated cataract - Low dose) and 0.2 mg/ml of exudate (Exudate treated cataract- High dose) constituted the study groups. After 72 hr of incubation, lenses were observed for cataract and the preventive potential of the exudate against cataractogenesis was evaluated through the determination of the levels of anti-oxidant parameters such as total protein (TP), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were evaluated in the lens homogenates.

Results: Photographic evaluation of the lenses showed the development of cataract in the untreated cataract group while opacification was retarded in higher dose exudate-treated and captopril treated lenses. Significant decrease in the levels of GSH and total protein, reduction in SOD and CAT activities as well as increase in MDA content were observed in cataractous lenses when compared with the normal control. SPCM displayed a dose-related anti-cataract activity. Captopril showed comparable anti-cataract potential to (0.2 mg/ml) SPCM. GSH, SOD and CAT activity in captopril treated cataract lenses increased to 75.55%, 64.08% and 72.45% of the normal control values respectively. In (0.2 mg/ml) exudate treated cataract lenses; GSH, SOD and CAT activity increased to 57.7%, 76.69% and 80.61% respectively.

Conclusion: The study concluded that exudate of SPCM elicited its anti-cataract potential through its anti-oxidant activities.
People in the City of Coal and Steel: Visual Analysis of an Exemplary Socialist Town
Authors: Gibas Petr
Published: June 2023

Ostrava, which used to be nicknamed the “steel heart of the republic”, was an important industrial centre during and after socialism. The city’s official visual presentation of itself during socialism was that of a happy life in an urban environment where it is already possible to catch glimpses of a glorious future facilitated by industrialization and its related transformations to the city’s everyday life and landscape. In this paper, I present a visual analysis of the official discourse about Ostrava and everyday life there. I then confront the constituent elements of this visually produced urban landscape with distinctly more ambivalent testimonies by artistic photographers from the same period. The aim is to comprehend the basic compositional elements that furnished the multilayered image of an industrial city and people’s roles there and use the two contrasting imageries of Ostrava’s urban landscape to inquire into the relationship between urban landscape and visual discourse.
Pemberdayaan Pendidikan : Manajemen Strategik Siswa Penerima Manfaat Program Keluarga Harapan
Authors: Arini Nurul Hidayati  , Muhammad Thoyib  , Sugiyar
Published: June 2023

Pada tahun 2007 Kementrian Sosial mengeluarkan suatu program bantuan sosial tunai bersyarat yang bernama Program Keluarga Harapan. Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) ini salah satunya membantu para Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) dalam bidang pendidikan. SDI Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi merupakan sekolah dasar Islam swasta yang 30% siswanya mendapatkan manfaat dari PKH. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis formulasi strategi, implementasi strategi, evaluasi strategi dan dampak manajemen strategi pemberdayaan pendidikan siswa penerima manfaat Program Keluarga Harapan di SDI Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi. Peneliti menggunakan jenis pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti dalam mengumpulkan data penelitian dengan metode wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Peneliti menggunakan model Miles, Huberman dan Saldana sebagai acuan. Analisis data penelitian berisi pengumpulan data, pengayaan data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Formulasi strategi ini meliputi perumusan visi, misi, dan tujuan, asesmen lingkungan internal dan eksternal dan penyusunan rencana kerja; 2) Implementasi strategi ini meliputi pengorganisasian atau job description, sistem controlling/supervisi, verifikasi pendidikan, dan Pertemuan Peningkatan Kemampuan Keluarga (P2K2); 3) Evaluasi strateginya yaitu rapat koordinasi dan kunjungan ke rumah KPM; 4) Dampak manajemen strateginya yaitu dapat meningkatkan prestasi akademik dan non akademik, dapat memberdayakan pendidikan penerima manfaat Program Keluarga Harapan di SDI Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi.
Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter dalam Membentuk Kesalehan Sosial Santri di Madrasah Diniyah Al- Ikhsan Magetan
Authors: Arafah Ulfa , Abu Muslim
Published: June 2023

Tujuan Artikel ini mengkaji dan menganalisis tentang manajemen Pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk kesalehan sosial santri di Madrasah Diniyah Al Ikhsan Magetan. Penelitian ini berawal dari pembahasan tentang kondisi santri yang masih kedapatan melakuakan tindakan bullying terhadap santri lainnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan memanfaatkan tehnik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah: pertama, konsep manajemen pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk kesalehan sosial santri di Madrasah Diniyah Al- Ikhsan Magetan ialah dengan menanamkan nilai-nilai religius pada santri yang berbasis pada kegiatan ibadah dan keteladanan. Kedua, pelaksanaan manajemen pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk kesalehan sosial santri di Madrasah Diniyah Al- Ikhsan Magetan ialah dengan tahapan kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan penutup. Di mana tahapan tersebut dapat membentuk karakter santri menjadi religius, santri selain menjalankan ibadah di satu sisi berdampak cara berperilaku saleh terhadap sesama santri dan lingkungan madrasah. Ketiga, dampak manajemen pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk kesalehan sosial santri ini ialah penanaman nilai sosial pada diri santri dapat menjalin interaksi sosial yang harmonis. Sehingga perilaku bullying dapat diantisipasi dan dicegah
Solving Coupled Differential Equation Groups Using PINO-CDE
Authors: Ding Wenhao , He Qing , Tong Hanghang , Wang Ping
Published: June 2023

As a fundamental mathmatical tool in many engineering disciplines, coupled differential equation groups are being widely used to model complex structures containing multiple physical quantities. Engineers constantly adjust structural parameters at the design stage, which requires a highly efficient solver. The rise of deep learning technologies has offered new perspectives on this task. Unfortunately, existing black-box models suffer from poor accuracy and robustness, while the advanced methodologies of single-output operator regression cannot deal with multiple quantities simultaneously. To address these challenges, we propose PINO-CDE, a deep learning framework for solving coupled differential equation groups (CDEs) along with an equation normalization algorithm for performance enhancing. Based on the theory of physics-informed neural operator (PINO), PINO-CDE uses a single network for all quantities in a CDEs, instead of training dozens, or even hundreds of networks as in the existing literature. We demonstrate the flexibility and feasibility of PINO-CDE for one toy example and two engineering applications: vehicle-track coupled dynamics (VTCD) and reliability assessment for a four-storey building (uncertainty propagation). The performance of VTCD indicates that PINO-CDE outperforms existing software and deep learning-based methods in terms of efficiency and precision, respectively. For the uncertainty propagation task, PINO-CDE provides higher-resolution results in less than a quarter of the time incurred when using the probability density evolution method (PDEM). This framework integrates engineering dynamics and deep learning technologies and may reveal a new concept for CDEs solving and uncertainty propagation.
Analysis and Challenges in Detecting the Fake Reviews of Products using Naïve Bayes and Random Forest Techniques
Authors: Sajid Tanveer , Jamshed Wasim , Goyal Navin Kumar , Keswani Bright , Altamirano Gilder Cieza , Goyal Dinesh , Keswani Poonam
Published: June 2023

In today’s world, fake review identification and prediction is an importantarea of sentiment analysis of the E-commerce industry. The automatic fake review categorizersidentify and categorize a variety of duplicate, spam, fake and untrustworthy reviews using machine learning techniques. This paper studies various recent existing fake review detection methods using NB and RF classifiers for the Yelp and Flipkart datasets. It provides a detailed study on various fake review predictors and compares their basic and performance-based specifications. It highlights the challenges, threats, and gaps of these existing works. Further, it graphically shows the discrimination for the specifications of year-wise evolution, classifier usage, and dataset usage.
Glucocorticoid reduction induced chorea in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patient
Authors: Xu Yanqiu , Wang Miao , Zhang Ying
Published: June 2023

Background
Pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is typically more severe than the adult-onset SLE, with a higher incidence of nervous system involvement. Chorea is a relatively rare neurological complication reported in approximately 1.2%–2% of SLE patients. Especially it is even rarer in chorea induced by glucocorticoid reduction. Herein, we report a case of a girl with SLE, who developed chorea in the process of glucocorticoid therapy reduction.
Case presentation
We describe a 14-year-old girl who was diagnosed with SLE. She was treated with methylprednisolone and rituximab, while the girl’s symptoms improved. On the second day after methylprednisolone was reduced according to the treatment guidelines, the patient developed chorea. Her condition improved after adjusting her glucocorticoid regimen.
Conclusion
The emergence of chorea can be induced by glucocorticoid reduction in patients with pediatric-onset SLE. This case is a reminder to pay extra attention to the chorea of SLE patients during glucocorticoid reduction.
Effects of adding low-dose esketamine to sufentanil and propofol sedation during cervical conization: a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Si Jiguo , Tan Mingtao , Li Xiaomin , Wang Yuqi , Feng Nianhai , Cui Min
Published: June 2023

Background
Cervical conization is a brief but painful procedure that can be performed under deep sedation with propofol and opioids. However, this sedation approach comes with a high risk of sedation-related adverse events (SRAEs). Esketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has the property of less cardiorespiratory depression than opioids. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of adding a low-dose esketamine to propofol and sufentanil sedation as an opioid-reduced regimen.
Methods
122 consecutive patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ, body mass index < 30, STOP-BANG score < 3 who underwent cervical conization were enrolled and randomly divided into group S and group ES. Using a closed-loop target-controlled infusion (TCI) pump with target bispectral index (BIS) value of 60 ± 5, patients in group S were sedated with 0.2µg/kg sufentanil and propofol, while patients in group ES were sedated with 0.15mg/kg esketamine, 0.1µg/kg sufentanil and propofol. The primary endpoint was the composite incidence of SRAEs, while the second endpoints included effectiveness of sedation, awakening time, psychotomimetic side effects, postoperative pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and patient and gynecologist satisfaction.
Results
Data of 120 patients were analyzed. The incidence of composite SRAEs was significantly higher in group S compared to group ES (85.0% vs 56.7%, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the severity of SRAEs was higher in group S compared to group ES (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the success of sedation, awakening time, psychotomimetic side effects, postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative pain, and patient and gynecologist satisfaction between the two groups.
Conclusion
Adding a low-dose esketamine to propofol and sufentanil sedation reduces the incidence and severity of SRAEs in patients undergoing cervical conization, with equal sedation efficacy, recovery quality, and no additional psychomimetic side effects.
Trial registration
ChiCTR2000040457, 28/11/2020
Genetic and Multi-omic Risk Assessment of Alzheimer’s Disease Implicates Core Associated Biological Domains
Authors: Cary Greg A , Wiley Jesse C , Gockley Jake , Keegan Stephen , Ganesh Sruthi , Heath Laura , III Robert R Butler , Mangravite Lara M , Logsdon Ben A , Longo Frank M , Levey Allan I , Greenwood Anna K , Carter Gregory W
Published: June 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the predominant dementia globally, with heterogeneous presentation and penetrance of clinical symptoms, variable presence of mixed pathologies, potential disease subtypes, and numerous associated endophenotypes. However, there is no methodology to objectively rank endophenotypes for disease risk, nor to enumerate the genes associated with each endophenotype at a genome scale. Consequently, therapeutic development is challenged by the uncertainty of which endophenotypic areas, and specific subordinate targets, to prioritize for further translational research.
Methods: Here we report the development of an informatic pipeline that ranks genes for AD risk genome wide and organizes them into disease associated endophenotypes--which we call AD biological domains. The AD risk ranking draws from genetic association studies, predicted variant impact, and linkage with dementia associated phenotypes to create a genetic risk score. This is paired with a multi-omic risk score utilizing extensive sets of both transcriptomic and proteomic studies to identify systems level changes in expression associated with AD. These two elements combined constitute our target risk score (TRS) that ranks AD risk genome wide. The ranked genes are organized into endophenotypic space through the development of 19 biological domains associated with AD in the described genetics and genomics studies and accompanying literature. The biological domains are constructed from exhaustive gene ontology (GO) term compilations, allowing automated assignment of genes into objectively defined disease-associated biology. This rank and organize approach, performed genome-wide, allows the characterization of aggregations of AD risk across biological domains.
Results: The top AD-risk associated biological domains are Synapse, Immune Response, Lipid Metabolism, Mitochondrial Metabolism, Structural Stabilization, and Proteostasis, with slightly lower levels of risk enrichment present within the other 13 biological domains. Synapse and Mitochondrial Metabolism are the most down-regulated biological domains, with mitochondrial function being the most enriched, while Immune Response is the most up-regulated biological domain.
Conclusions: The TRS ranked genes which are organized into the biological domains provides an objective methodology that can be automated into workflows to localize risk within specific biological endophenotypes, and drill down into the most significantly associated sets of GO-terms and annotated genes for potential therapeutic targets.
How to strengthen societal impact of research and innovation? Lessons learned from assessing participatory knowledge infrastructures funded by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development
Authors: Oortwijn Wija , Reijmerink Wendy , Bussemaker Jet
Published: June 2023

Background
Scientific research and innovation can generate societal impact via different pathways. Productive interactions, such as collaboration between researchers and relevant stakeholders, play an important role and have increasingly gained interest of health funders around the globe. What works, how and why in research partnerships to generate societal impact in terms of knowledge utilisation is still not well-known. To explore these issues, the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) initiated a research-on-research study with a focus on participatory knowledge infrastructures (PKIs) that they fund in the field of public health and healthcare. PKIs are sustainable infrastructures in which knowledge production, dissemination and utilisation takes place via committed collaboration between researchers and stakeholders from policy, practice and/or education. Examples are learning networks, academic collaborative centres, care networks and living labs. The aim of the study was twofold: to gain insights in what constitutes effective collaboration in PKIs; and to learn and improve the research governance, particularly of ZonMw as part of their dissemination and implementation activities.
Methods
During 2020-2022, we conducted a literature review on long-term research partnerships, analysed available documentation of twenty ZonMw-funded PKIs, surveyed participants of the 2021 European Implementation Event, interviewed steering committee members, organized a Group Decision Room with lecturers, and validated the findings with key experts.
Results
We identified eight mechanisms (‘how and why’) that are conditional for effective collaboration in PKIs: transdisciplinary collaboration; defining a shared ambition; doing justice to everyone's interests; investing in personal relationships; a professional organisation or structure; a meaningful collaborative process; mutual trust, sufficient time for and continuity of collaboration. Several factors (‘what’) may hinder (e.g., lack of ownership or structural funding) or facilitate (e.g., stakeholder commitment, embeddedness in an organisation or policy) effective collaboration in research partnerships.
Conclusion
To use the study results in policy, practice, education, and/or (further) research, cultural and behavioural change of all stakeholders is needed. To facilitate this, we provide recommendations for funding organisations, particularly ZonMw and its partners within the relevant knowledge ecosystem. It is meant as a roadmap towards the realisation and demonstration of societal impact of (health) research and innovation in the upcoming years.
Functional identification of protocadherin alpha 9 (PCDHA9) as a candidate causative gene for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: zhong jie , Wang Chaodong , zhang dan , Yao Xiaoli , Zhao Quanzhen , Huang Xusheng , Lin Feng , Xue Chun , Wang Yaqing , He Ruojie , Li Xu-Ying , Li Qibin , Wang Mingbang , Zhao Shaoli , Afridi Shabbir , Zhou Wenhao , Wang Zhanjun , Xu Yanming , Xu Zhiheng
Published: June 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease. To identify additional genetic contributors to ALS, we analyzed exome sequences in a large cohort of Chinese ALS patients. We found a homozygous variant (p.L700P) in PCDHA9 in three unrelated patients but not in publicly available genomic databases. We generated Pcdhα9 mutant mice harboring either orthologous point mutation or deletion mutation. These mice developed progressive spinal motor loss, muscle atrophy, and structural/functional abnormalities of the neuromuscular junction, leading to paralysis and early lethality. Importantly, TDP-43 pathology was observed in the ventral spinal motor neurons of aged point mutant mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Pcdha9 mutation causes aberrant activation of FAK and PYK2 in the aged spinal cord. Furthermore, we uncovered a novel PCDHA9-interacting protein, Na+/K+ ATPase-α1, and its dramatically reduced expression in mutant motor neurons. Accordingly, single nucleus multi-omics analysis revealed disturbed networks or signaling involved in cell/cell-cell adhesion, ion transport, synapse organization, and neuronal survival in aged mutant mice. Together, our results present PCDHA9 as a new candidate ALS gene and provide insights into its pathogenesis.
Species Distribution Modeling of Variable Tawny Rajah (Charaxes bernardus hierax) in some unusual habitats of West Bengal, India: implications for conservation
Authors: Mukherjeeq Subha Shankar , Purohit Saurabh , Bag Soumyadip , Aditya Gautam , Hossain Asif
Published: June 2023

Lepidopteran species serve as one of the most important pollinators in ecosystem and this species also coevolved with their nectaring plants. They regarded as one of the good indicators of ecosystem health due to their high sensitivity to the changes in environmental variables. There are numerous butterfly and moth species are found in India whose possible distribution in the geographic areas yet to be known. In our present study we try to find out the predicted distribution area of Variable Tawny Rajah (Charaxes bernardus hierax) in West Bengal by the use MaxEnt 3.4.4 program. It was observed that northern part of West Bengal consists of greater areas that contain suitable environmental conditions (maximum and moderate) than southern part of West Bengal. The regions with > 304 mm and > 105 mm precipitation (bio 13 and bio 15) are considered to suitable for sustaining this species. This type of study may helps to provide an idea about predicted distribution of Charaxes bernardus hierax in West Bengal and selection of conservation strategies for this butterfly species in particular geographical region.
Enhancing AlphaFold-Multimer-based Protein Complex Structure Prediction with MULTICOM in CASP15
Authors: Liu Jian , Guo Zhiye , Wu Tianqi , Roy Raj , Quadir Farhan , Chen Chen , Cheng Jianlin
Published: June 2023

AlphaFold-Multimer has emerged as the state-of-the-art tool for predicting the quaternary structure of protein complexes (assemblies or multimers) since its release in 2021. To further enhance the AlphaFold-Multimer-based complex structure prediction, we developed a new quaternary structure prediction system (MULTICOM) to improve the input fed to AlphaFold-Multimer and evaluate and refine the outputs generated by AlphaFold2-Multimer. Specifically, MULTICOM samples diverse multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) and templates for AlphaFold-Multimer to generate structural models by using both traditional sequence alignments and new Foldseek-based structure alignments, ranks structural models through multiple complementary metrics, and refines the structural models via a Foldseek structure alignment-based refinement method. The MULTICOM system with different implementations was blindly tested in the assembly structure prediction in the 15th Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP15) in 2022 as both server and human predictors. Our server (MULTICOM_qa) ranked 3rd among 26 CASP15 server predictors and our human predictor (MULTICOM_human) ranked 7th among 87 CASP15 server and human predictors. The average TM-score of the first models predicted by MULTICOM_qa for CASP15 assembly targets is ~0.76, 5.3% higher than ~0.72 of the standard AlphaFold-Multimer. The average TM-score of the best of top 5 models predicted by MULTICOM_qa is ~0.80, about 8% higher than ~0.74 of the standard AlphaFold-Multimer. Moreover, the novel Foldseek Structure Alignment-based Model Generation (FSAMG) method based on AlphaFold-Multimer outperforms the widely used sequence alignment-based model generation.
Continuing vocational training in times of economic uncertainty - An event-study analysis in real time
Authors: Dauth Christine , Lang Julia
Published: June 2023

Continuing vocational training (CVT) is a key channel for employees to adapt their skills to changing requirements in the labor market due to structural changes and digitization. The COVID-19 pandemic and the energy crisis in consequence of the war in Ukraine may have accelerated these developments. Yet, it is unclear how the economic impacts of these crises affect individuals’ occupational preferences. In detail, we want to investigate how demand for CVT changes in times of economic uncertainty. We use Google Trends data for Germany and apply an event study analysis to examine how interest in CVT developed with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian attack on Ukraine. We find that the interest in CVT strongly declined during the first wave of the pandemic regardless of how severely a region was affected. During the second lockdown, the decline in CVT interest was more pronounced in the eastern German states where we find a general decline in search intensity since March 2020. Overall, we show that the search intensity for CVT decreased on average by 12 to 19 percent during the first 2.5 years of the pandemic, whereas the search intensity for online CVT increased by 39 to 45 percent. We also see a decrease in the search intensity for CVT at the beginning of the energy crisis.
JEL Codes: I18, J24
Biointerference-free signal generation via a self-floating transporter for early diagnosis of bladder cancer at the point of care
Authors: Keum Changjoon , Yeom Haejin , Noh Tae Il , Yi Seung Yong , Jin Soyeong , Kim Chaekyu , Shim Ji Sung , Yoon Sung Goo , Kim Hojun , Lee Kwan Hyi , Kang Seok Ho , Jeong Youngdo
Published: June 2023

At-home bladder cancer (BC) diagnostic kits using urine samples enable effective screening and surveillance, thereby facilitating its early detection, reducing the risk of BC progression, and improving patient survival rates. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of urine samples from BC patients with frequent hematuria interfere with signal transduction, leading to inaccurate diagnosis. Here, we developed a diagnostic platform that utilizes a separate biphasic system and a self-floating signal messenger to address the challenge of using untreated urine samples for at-home BC diagnosis. In our system, buoyant messengers are transferred from the urine to the organic phase autonomously in response to the biomarkers of BC; subsequently, a signal is generated in the organic layer where there are no interferents. We demonstrated the practicability of our system using 105 double-blind patient urine samples, including hematuria, andobtained ~89% accuracy, showing subequal diagnostic accuracy at the early stage of BC. This platform enabling accurate diagnosis without complex sample treatments would provide a convenient tool for screening cancers at home.
Effect of bio-inoculants and plant growth regulators on germination and seedling growth of wild ber (Ziziphus rotundifolia Lamk.) under in-vitro conditions
Authors: Singla Aayush , Kumar Mukesh , Sharma JR , Lamba Maya , kumar Manish , Dhundwal Arjoo , Dhattarwal Gurmeet , Gavri Ankit
Published: June 2023

Ziziphus rotundifolia Lamk. (Rhamnaceae) is an important rootstock for commercially cultivating ber orchard. There is problem in rapid seed germination and vigorous seedling availability by researchers and growers. So, improving germination and producing vigorous seedling through rootstocks is crucial as it is responsible to determine the quality of orchard. The prime motive of this experiment was to investigate the effectiveness of bio-inoculants and plant growth regulators (PGRs) in improving the germination rate and seedling growth of wild ber seeds under in-vitro conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India, during the season 2021-22. The seeds removed from stone were treated with five bio-inoculants viz, Azoteeka- Mac 27, Azoteeka- HT 54, Phosphoteeka- P36, Azospirillum-J11-12 and integrated biofertilizer (NPK- 1:1:1) by soaking for 30 min and dipped in six-plant growth regulators (PGRs) viz., 50 mg/L Gibberellic acid (GA3), 100 mg/L GA3, 50 mg/L 1-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 100 mg/L NAA, 50 mg/L Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 100 mg/L IBA for 24 hrs and control. The experiment was conducted in CRD design with three replications. Among different treatments under laboratory conditions, maximum seed viability (92 ± 2.3%), maximum germination percentage (80.44 ± 1.84%), maximum vigour indices [vigour index- I (1633), vigour index- II (2762)] and the least mean germination time (9.7 ± 0.03 days) were recorded when seeds were treated with GA3 @100 mg/L for 24 hrs. Among different bio-inoculant treatments, the seed treated with integrated biofertilizer (NPK- 1:1:1) for 30 min led to the highest seedling length (20.33 ± 0.83 cm), maximum seedling fresh weight (159.8 ± 2.7 mg) and maximum seedling dry weight (35.06 ± 0.8 mg).
Epigenetic Regulation of Host Membrane Protein-Coding Genes Facilitates African Swine Fever Virus Infection
Authors: Qi Xiaolong , Xiang Yue , Sun Limeng , Xing Lingyu , Zhang Jinfu , Zhang SaiXian , Zhao Qiulin , Guo Yilin , Zhang Lu , Li Jingjin , Zhou Peng , Zheng Zhuqing , Dai Xueting , Jin Zhe , Jian Yaobang , Li Guosheng , Fu Yanan , Tan Yubei , Zhao Changzhi , Xie Shengsong , Cao Gang , Li Xinyun , Fang Lingzhao , Fu Liangliang , Peng Guiqing , Zhao Shuhong
Published: June 2023

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious pathogen that primarily affects domestic and wild pigs with specific tropism to porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), causing substantial economic losses in pig industry worldwide. Yet, host receptors and molecular mechanisms underlying the ASFV infection remain unknown, hindering the relevant vaccine development and precision breeding. Here, we present a comprehensive epigenetic atlas of ASFV-exposed PAMs by generating a total of 42 functional data at both bulk and single cell resolution. Suppressive expression regulation in ASFV-exposed cells showed that transcriptional activity of ARL4C was downregulated, leading to intracellular cholesterol accumulation for antiviral defense. In contrast, infection induced enhancer-promoter interactions in the host genome to boost transcriptional activity of membrane protein-coding genes, thereby contributing to macrophage activation. Moreover, actively infected macrophages (carrying viral DNA) exposed transcriptional induction of those genes. The following experimental validation highlighted CD244 as a potential host-receptor of ASFV, which was associated with host susceptibility. Our findings collectively provide novel insights into the molecular regulation of PAMs during ASFV infection, facilitating the identifion of new opportunities for vaccine development and precision breeding against ASFV infection.
The intensification of flash droughts across China from 1981 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Shuyi , Li Mingxing , Ma Zhuguo , Jian Dongnan , Lv Meixia , Yang Qing , Duan Yawen , Amin Doaa
Published: June 2023

Flash droughts feature rapid onsets of soil moisture drought events and result in severe impacts and damages, especially on agricultural and ecological systems. How the flash drought regime across China varies on multitemporal scales with climate change is not fully clear yet. In this study, we extended the flash drought definition to apply to arid regions by adding an absolute soil moisture variation criterion. Then, we detected flash drought events across China during 1981–2021 and characterized their frequency, duration, and affected area changes on seasonal, annual, and decadal scales, using soil moisture data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts climate reanalysis-Land. Results show that hotspots of flash droughts appeared in North China and the Yangtze River Basin. During 1981–2021, the hotspots, even nationwide, underwent significant increases in frequencies, durations, and affected areas of flash droughts. The increases held in the extremely high values of the frequencies and durations in the decadal comparisons. Especially, North China saw the most extensive and rapid increases. Seasonally, flash drought frequencies and durations intensified more during spring and autumn, and seasonal hotspots in eastern China shifted in phase with spatial patterns of soil moisture loss balanced by precipitation and evapotranspiration. Thus, flash droughts tended to amplify atmospheric aridity. These findings on the hotspot regions and the spatiotemporal evolutions of flash droughts across China would pinpoint soil moisture responses to climate change and prepare for climate change impacts on local eco-environments.
Immunobiology of Cancer Stem Cells and their Immunoevasion Mechanisms
Authors: Marzban Havva , Pedram Nastaran , Amini Parnian , Gholampour Yasaman , Saranjam Navid , Moradi Samira , Rahvarian Jeiran
Published: June 2023

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) defined as a small fraction of cells within malignancies have been isolated from tumors with different histological origins with stem related characteristics such as self-replicating potential, tumorigenesis, and therapy resistance. The dynamic communication between CSCs and tumor microenvironment particularly immune cells orchestrates their fate and plasticity as well as the patient outcome. According to recent evidence, it has been reported that they harness different immunological pathways to escape immunosurveillance and express aberrantly immunomodulatory agents or decreased levels of factors forming antigen presenting machinery (APM), subsequently followed by impaired antigen presentation and suppressed immune detection. As effective therapies are expected to be able to eradicate CSCs, mechanistic understanding of such interactions can provide insights into causes of therapy failure particularly in immunotherapy. Also, it can contribute to enhance the practical interventions against CSCs and their immunomodulatory features resulting in CSCs eradication and improving patient clinical outcome. The aim of this review is to explain the present knowledge regarding the immunobiology of CSCs and the immunoevasion mechanisms they use.
Influence of hypergravity – a novel stimulus on root growth phenotype and physio-biochemical parameters in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Authors: I Mahamed Ashiq , Honnutagi Sana B , Hosamani Ravikumar , B Deepthi R , Swamy Basavalingayya K , Sathasivam Malarvizhi , Bagewadi Basavaraj , Reddy Uday G , Hanamaratti N G
Published: June 2023

Plants on Earth are evolutionarily subjected to constant mechanical stimulation of the gravitational field. Earth’s gravity (1g) significantly influences the growth and morphogenesis of crop plants. Hypergravity, an evolutionarily novel environment has been exploited to comprehend the response of plants in the context of terrestrial and extra-terrestrial applications. Recently, researchers have shown that hypergravity induces desired phenotypic variability that can be utilized for improving terrestrial agriculture. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that hypergravity can be used as a novel tool for inducing reliable phenotypes that can be further exploited for crop improvement programs. In the present investigation, screening is done with varied hypergravity regimen in sorghum, The acute hypergravity (1000g for 1 hr) regimen induced a significant increase in seedling vigor and plant growth parameters in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Among nine genotypes screened, three best-responding were chosen for further study. Additionally, we quantified associated biochemical, and hormonal changes. Resultant data revealed a significant increase in total dehydrogenase enzyme activity in seed; catalase, superoxide dismutase enzymes in seedlings, and elevated total chlorophyll content in response to hypergravity. Further, hypergravity elicits robust phytohormones dynamics in the root seedlings, and endogenous levels of 3-Indole Acetic Acid and indole-3-butyric acid are shown to have a direct correlation with the regulation of root phenotypes. Collectively, this work describes the utility of hypergravity as a novel tool for inducing phenotype/s that could be potentially exploited for improving crop plants in the future.
Challenges for research uptake for health policymaking and practice in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Semahegn Agumasie , Manyazewal Tsagahun , Hanlon Charlotte , Getachew Eyerusalem , Fekadu Bethelhem , Assefa Esubalew , Kassa Munir , Hopkins Michael , Woldehana Tasew , Davey Gail , Fekadu Abebaw
Published: June 2023

Background: An estimated 85% of research resources are wasted worldwide, while there is growing demand for context-based evidence-informed health policymaking. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), research uptake for health policymaking and practice is low, while little is known about the barriers to the translation of health evidence to policy and local implementation. We conducted a scoping review to identify research uptake challenges for health policymaking and practice in LMICs.
Methods: The scoping review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis-extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Both published and unpublished evidence on research uptake were systematically searched from major databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL(EBSCO), Global Health (Ovid)) and direct Google Scholar. Literature exploring barriers to uptake of research evidence in health policy and practice in LMICs were included and their key findings were synthesized using thematic areas to address the review question.
Results:A total of 4,291 literature were retrieved in the initial searches, of which 142 were included in the review as they met the eligibility criteria. The findings revealed low research uptake for policymaking and practice in LMICs. The challenges of research uptake were related to lack of understanding the local contexts, political priorities, poor stakeholder engagement and partnership, resource and capacity constraints, limited research infrastructure and institution support, low leadership commitment, lack of accountability and pathway, lack of communication and dissemination platforms.
Conclusion: Multiple barriers exist in LMICs that hinder the translation of health research evidence into policy and practice. This calls for designing pragmatic strategies that facilitate an in-depth understanding of the local contexts, a conducive environment for researchers and policymakers to work closely with, and government ownership mitigating the barriers to low evidence uptake.
Assessment of house hold water treatment practice in Endamehoni district, northern, Ethiopia: 2020: A community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Beyene Berhe , Teka Girmay , Gebremariam Brhane
Published: June 2023

Objective Water born disease is one of the major public health problems throughout the world. Drinking unsafe water is one of the front risk factor for the occurrence of waterborne diseases particularly in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. This study aims to assess household water treatment practice in Endamehoni district, northern Ethiopia. Results Practicing house hold water treatment was 47.0% (95% CI: 43.3–50.5). Being young age [AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: (1.93–13.01)], female [AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: (2.45–6.32), married marital status [AOR = 2.1; 95% CI: (0.84–11.10)], Secondary and above educational level[AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: (1.87–11.45)] and get unimproved source of drinking water [AOR = 6.8; 95% CI: (3.35–12.59)] were significantly associated with household water treatment practice. Water treatment at house hold level is low. Providing community based health education and providing improved water source may improve house hold water treatment practice.