bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAPIRS: COVID-19-Based Application Programming Interface Recommendation System for the Developers
Authors: Nawaz Muhammad Sajid , Khan Saif Ur Rehman , Ahmad Bashir , Iqbal Javed , Inayat-ur-Rehman
Published: April 2022

Context: From the past few years, Application Programming Interface (API) is widely used for mobile- and web-based application developments. Software developers can integrate third-party services into their projects to achieve their development goals efficiently using APIs; however, with the rapid increase in the number of APIs, the manual selection of Mashup-oriented API is becoming more difficult for the developer. Objective: In the COVID-19 pandemic, everyone wants an update about the latest Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and the latest information on COVID-19. Additionally, a software developer wants to develop an application that provides the SOPs and latest information of COVID-19; a developer can add these functionalities into an application using COVID-19-based APIs. Moreover, the current work aims at proposing a COVID-19-based API recommendation system for the developers. Method: In this study, we propose a COVID-19-based API recommendation system for developers. The recommendation system takes a developer query as input and recommends top-3 APIs and supported features, which help the developer during software development. Furthermore, the proposed COVID-19-based API recommendation system ensures the maximum participation of the developers by validating the recommended APIs and recommendation system from the expert developers using research questionnaires. Results: Additionally, the proposed COVID-19-based API recommendation system’s output is validated by expert developers and evaluated on 120 expert developers’ queries. In addition, experiment results show that single value decomposition achieves better prediction. Conclusion: We conclude that it is significantly important to recommend APIs along with supported features to the developer for project development, and future work is needed to take more developer’s queries also to build Integrated Development Environment for the developers.
Human–Robot Interactive Communication and Cognitive Psychology Intelligent Decision System Based on Artificial Intelligence — Case Study
Authors: Gong Xingyun , Li Xiaojun
Published: April 2022

Cognitive psychology is a science of human knowledge, which means that people perceive, acquire, memorize, think, and comprehend intellectual capabilities. The psychological strategy involves controlling every action and status of the human body. The problematic states of psychological facts include mental disorders like depression, stress, anxiety, and inferiority complex, leading to memory loss. The emerged technique of cognitive psychological managing framework using artificial intelligence (CPMF-AI) is introduced. The proposed framework is extended to forecast the psychological standards of the human brain for practical well-being. There are four methods to monitor memory power, stress, and other human mental disorders. They are distant neural systems (DNS), convolutional psychology tracking systems (CPTS), intelligent neural systems (INS), and memory-building strategies (MBS). Besides language aspects, physical aspects play a vital part in human–robot interaction (HRI) and make the difference compared to the more limited HRI communication. These methodologies are integrated into four case studies to detect neural passage systems for monitoring mental issues. The simulation analysis helps enhance the framework’s accuracy and minimize the error rate. Thus, the proposed system of cognitive technology is comparatively better than the existing methods.
Complex dynamics and optimal harvesting for a stochastic food-web model with intraguild predation and time delays
Authors: Liu Rong , Liu Guirong
Published: April 2022

This paper is concerned with a stochastic three species food-web model with intraguild predation and time delays. First, we show the existence of a unique global positive solution. Next, the sufficient conditions for extinction and persistence in mean of each population are established. Then, we show the model is stable in distribution. Next, sufficient criteria for the existence of optimal harvest are discussed. Moreover, optimal harvest effort and maximum harvest yield are obtained. In addition, we show the effects of stochastic perturbations and intraguild predation on the persistence and extinction of each population. In the case of coexistence of three species, we also show the effects of white noise of all trophic levels on the mean abundance and optimal harvest effort of each population. Finally, some numerical simulations are given.
Dissipation Effects Induced by Internal Relative Motion Between Two Nonlinear σ-Models
Authors: Wang Yang , Jia Yu
Published: April 2022

We studied the dissipation effect induced by the internal relative motion between two nonlinear [Formula: see text]-models (NLSMs). The internal degrees of freedom (DOF) of the two NLSMs coupled to each other via an interface potential. We performed the path integral of the vacuum persistence amplitude (VPA) and got the quantum action. Then we introduced the relative motion via a boost transformation with velocity parameter [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we calculated the imaginary part of the boosted quantum action which was proportional to the vacuum decay probability. At last, we calculated the frictional force. The numerical results gave the velocity [Formula: see text] dependency of the vacuum decay probability, and the velocity [Formula: see text] dependency of the frictional force. There was a threshold of relative velocity [Formula: see text] for the vacuum decay probability and the frictional force. We gave a classical argument of the existence of the threshold, and the argument matched the mathematical results.
THE IMPACT OF RESERVES PRACTICES ON BANK OPACITY
Authors: IANNOTTA GIULIANO , KWAN SIMON H.
Published: April 2022

This paper finds that banking firms’ unexpected loan loss provisions had a significant effect of increasing bank opacity, both before and during the 2007–2009 financial crisis. Furthermore, during the financial crisis, the extent to which banks delayed loan loss recognition is found to have had a significant effect on bank opacity, confirming an important concern raised by the Financial Crisis Advisory Group. Overall, banks’ practices in managing reserves seem to have a material impact on their opacity.
Identification of Novel Mutant (R132H) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 Inhibitors for Glioma Therapy
Authors: Murali Poornimaa , Karuppasamy Ramanathan
Published: April 2022

Neomorphic transformations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are the key mutations prevalently found in various cancers including glioma. Recently identified mIDH1 specific inhibitors showed modest brain penetrating potential and dose-limiting toxicity. Herein, we elucidate virtual screening strategies to discover persuasive mIDH1 inhibitors from the approved subset of the DrugBank database consisting of 2715 molecules. Initially, a structural similarity search identified a total of 1432 lead molecules. The resultant compounds were inspected by molecular docking along with MM-GBSA and ADMET analyses. Altogether, the analyses identified Abemaciclib as the hit against mIDH1. Notably, abemaciclib was able to form hydrogen bond interaction with active site residues of mIDH1 protein. In the end, the dynamic behavior of the hit complex was also examined using molecular dynamics simulation studies. The outcome of the study culminates that the hit complex was stable throughout the simulation period of 100[Formula: see text]ns. It is worth noting that benzimidazole moiety of abemaciclib was reported to show inhibitory activity against glioma cells. Overall, these findings highlight that abemaciclib has the potential as a lead molecule against glioma. Indeed, the screened hit compound could be further explored for the development of mIDH1 inhibitor with great brain penetrating ability and low toxicity.
Automated transpilation of imperative to functional code using neural-guided program synthesis
Authors: Mariano Benjamin , Chen Yanju , Feng Yu , Durrett Greg , Dillig Işil
Published: April 2022

While many mainstream languages such as Java, Python, and C# increasingly incorporate functional APIs to simplify programming and improve parallelization/performance, there are no effective techniques that can be used to automatically translate existing imperative code to functional variants using these APIs. Motivated by this problem, this paper presents a transpilation approach based on inductive program synthesis for modernizing existing code. Our method is based on the observation that the overwhelming majority of source/target programs in this setting satisfy an assumption that we call trace-compatibility: not only do the programs share syntactically identical low-level expressions, but these expressions also take the same values in corresponding execution traces. Our method leverages this observation to design a new neural-guided synthesis algorithm that (1) uses a novel neural architecture called cognate grammar network (CGN) and (2) leverages a form of concolic execution to prune partial programs based on intermediate values that arise during a computation. We have implemented our approach in a tool called NGST2 and use it to translate imperative Java and Python code to functional variants that use the Stream and functools APIs respectively. Our experiments show that NGST2 significantly outperforms several baselines and that our proposed neural architecture and pruning techniques are vital for achieving good results.
On incorrectness logic for Quantum programs
Authors: Yan Peng , Jiang Hanru , Yu Nengkun
Published: April 2022

Bug-catching is important for developing quantum programs. Motivated by the incorrectness logic for classical programs, we propose an incorrectness logic towards a logical foundation for static bug-catching in quantum programming. The validity of formulas in this logic is dual to that of quantum Hoare logics. We justify the formulation of validity by an intuitive explanation from a reachability point of view and a comparison against several alternative formulations. Compared with existing works focusing on dynamic analysis, our logic provides sound and complete arguments. We further demonstrate the usefulness of the logic by reasoning several examples, including Grover's search, quantum teleportation, and a repeat-until-success program. We also automate the reasoning procedure by a prototyped static analyzer built on top of the logic rules.
Coverage-guided tensor compiler fuzzing with joint IR-pass mutation
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Wei Yuxiang , Yang Sen , Deng Yinlin , Zhang Lingming
Published: April 2022

In the past decade, Deep Learning (DL) systems have been widely deployed in various application domains to facilitate our daily life, e.g., natural language processing, healthcare, activity recognition, and autonomous driving. Meanwhile, it is extremely challenging to ensure the correctness of DL systems (e.g., due to their intrinsic nondeterminism), and bugs in DL systems can cause serious consequences and may even threaten human lives. In the literature, researchers have explored various techniques to test, analyze, and verify DL models, since their quality directly affects the corresponding system behaviors. Recently, researchers have also proposed novel techniques for testing the underlying operator-level DL libraries (such as TensorFlow and PyTorch), which provide general binary implementations for each high-level DL operator and are the foundation for running DL models on different hardware platforms. However, there is still limited work targeting the reliability of the emerging tensor compilers (also known as DL compilers), which aim to automatically compile high-level tensor computation graphs directly into high-performance binaries for better efficiency, portability, and scalability than traditional operator-level libraries. Therefore, in this paper, we target the important problem of tensor compiler testing, and have proposed Tzer, a practical fuzzing technique for the widely used TVM tensor compiler. Tzer focuses on mutating the low-level Intermediate Representation (IR) for TVM due to the limited mutation space for the high-level IR. More specifically, Tzer leverages both general-purpose and tensor-compiler-specific mutators guided by coverage feedback for diverse and evolutionary IR mutation; furthermore, since tensor compilers provide various passes (i.e., transformations) for IR optimization, Tzer also performs pass mutation in tandem with IR mutation for more effective fuzzing. Our experimental results show that Tzer substantially outperforms existing fuzzing techniques on tensor compiler testing, with 75% higher coverage and 50% more valuable tests than the 2nd-best technique. Also, different components of Tzer have been validated via ablation study. To date, Tzer has detected 49 previously unknown bugs for TVM, with 37 bugs confirmed and 25 bugs fixed (PR merged).
C4: verified transactional objects
Authors: Lesani Mohsen , Xia Li-yao , Kaseorg Anders , Bell Christian J. , Chlipala Adam , Pierce Benjamin C. , Zdancewic Steve
Published: April 2022

Transactional objects combine the performance of classical concurrent objects with the high-level programmability of transactional memory. However, verifying the correctness of transactional objects is tricky, requiring reasoning simultaneously about classical concurrent objects, which guarantee the atomicity of individual methods—the property known as linearizability—and about software-transactional-memory libraries, which guarantee the atomicity of user-defined sequences of method calls—or serializability.

We present a formal-verification framework called C4, built up from the familiar notion of linearizability and its compositional properties, that allows proof of both kinds of libraries, along with composition of theorems from both styles to prove correctness of applications or further libraries. We apply the framework in a significant case study, verifying a transactional set object built out of both classical and transactional components following the technique of
transactional predication
; the proof is modular, reasoning separately about the transactional and nontransactional parts of the implementation. Central to our approach is the use of syntactic transformers on
interaction trees
—i.e., transactional libraries that transform client code to enforce particular synchronization disciplines. Our framework and case studies are mechanized in Coq.
Language-parametric static semantic code completion
Authors: Pelsmaeker Daniel A. A. , van Antwerpen Hendrik , Poulsen Casper Bach , Visser Eelco
Published: April 2022

Code completion is an editor service in IDEs that proposes code fragments for the user to insert at the caret position in their code. Code completion should be sound and complete. It should be sound, such that it only proposes fragments that do not violate the syntactic and static semantic rules of the language. It should be complete, such that it proposes all valid fragments so that code completion can be used to construct all programs. To realize soundness and completeness, code completion should be informed by the language definition. In practice, the implementation of code completion is an additional effort in the implementation of a language.

In this paper, we develop a framework for language-parametric semantic code completion for statically typed programming languages based on their specification of syntax and static semantics, realizing the implementation of a code completion editor service with minimal additional effort. The framework builds on the SDF3 syntax definition formalism and the Statix static semantics specification language. The algorithm reinterprets the static semantics definition to find sound expansions of predicates and solutions to name resolution queries in scope graphs. This allows a search strategy to explore the solution space and synthesize completion proposals. The implementation of the strategy language and code completion algorithm extend the implementation of the Statix solver, and can be used for any language defined in Statix. We demonstrate soundness and completeness of the completion proposal synthesis, and evaluate its performance.
Quantitative strongest post: a calculus for reasoning about the flow of quantitative information
Authors: Zhang Linpeng , Kaminski Benjamin Lucien
Published: April 2022

We present a novel strongest-postcondition-style calculus for quantitative reasoning about non-deterministic programs with loops. Whereas existing quantitative weakest pre allows reasoning about the value of a quantity after a program terminates on a given initial state, quantitative strongest post allows reasoning about the value that a quantity had before the program was executed and reached a given final state. We show how strongest post enables reasoning about the flow of quantitative information through programs. Similarly to weakest liberal preconditions, we also develop a quantitative strongest liberal post. As a byproduct, we obtain the entirely unexplored notion of strongest liberal postconditions and show how these foreshadow a potential new program logic - partial incorrectness logic - which would be a more liberal version of O'Hearn's recent incorrectness logic.
Token Relation Aware Chinese Named Entity Recognition
Authors: Huang Zeyu , Rong Wenge , Zhang Xiaofeng , Ouyang Yuanxin , Lin Chenghua , Xiong Zhang
Published: April 2022

Due to the lack of natural delimiters, most Chinese
Named Entity Recognition (NER)
approaches are character-based and utilize an external lexicon to leverage the word-level information. Although they have achieved promising results, the latent words they introduced are still non-contextualized. In this paper, we investigate three relations, i.e., adjacent relation between characters, character co-occurrence relation between latent words, and dependency relation among tokens, to address this issue. Specifically, we first establish the local context for latent words and then propose a masked self-attention mechanism to incorporate such local contextual information. Besides, since introducing external knowledge such as lexicon and dependency relation inevitably brings in some noises, we propose a gated information controller to handle this problem. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed approach surpasses most similar methods on public datasets and demonstrates its promising potential.
An Arabic Manuscript Regions Detection, Recognition and Its Applications for OCRing
Authors: Al-Barhamtoshy Hassanin M. , Jambi Kamal M. , Rashwan Mohsen A. , Abdou Sherif M.
Published: April 2022

The problem of Region of Interest (RoI) in document layout analysis and document recognition has recently become an essential topic in OCRing systems. Arabic manuscript layout analysis and OCRing recognition using language detection, document category, and RoI with Keras and TensorFlow are terms of the state-of-the-art that should be investigated. This article investigates the problem of Arabic manuscript recognition problems with respect to in OCRing-based recognition. A new framework architecture, which integrates Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) using Keras and TensorFlow with adversarial image generation during training procedure is proposed. Also, the article tries to improve the OCRing accuracy of the image enhancement, alignment, layout analysis, and recognition using deep learning in multilingual system. RoIs detections will be performed using a custom trained deep learning model using bounding box regression with Keras and TensorFlow. This topic investigates an extension of Page Segmentation Method (PSM) to enhance OCRing parameter modes and enhances Arabic OCRing system accuracy from reinforcement strategy. Therefore, the article achieves a significant improvement of OCRing results due to the three parameters: language identification, document category, and RoI types (Table, Title, Paragraph, figure, and list). This model is based on “region proposal algorithm” as a basis of CNN object detectors to find the number of the RoIs. Therefore, the proposed framework performs three distinctive tasks: (1) CNN architecture for adversarial training, (2) an implementation of the FGSM with Keras and TensorFlow, and (3) an adversarial training script implementation with the CNN and the FGSM method. The experiments on Arabic manuscript dataset including Arabic text, English/Arabic documents, and Latin digits’ datasets, demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. Moreover, the proposed framework performs well and succeeded in defending against adversarial attacks or adversarial images. The experimental results on our collected dataset illustrate the novelty of our proposed framework over the other existing PSM methods to be extended and updated to improve the quality of the OCRing system. The results show that the influence of PSM after expanding using the RoI types, language ID, and document/manuscript category can improve the OCRing accuracy. Also, the experimental results show significant performance by the new framework model with accuracy reached to 99% compared to relative methods.
Sustainable Development-Adopting a Balanced Approach between Development and Development Induced Changes
Authors: Garg Neha , Singh Bhupinder
Published: April 2022

The emergence of globalization has raised serious concerns and promoted ever increasing dichotomy between development and climate change issues that are borne out of such trade development plans and strategies. The sustainable development goals embark on 17 broad categories that calls upon the nations to achieve them by 2030. In order to achieve these goals the need of the hour is to make a paradigm shift from traditional trade agreements and policies to such agreements that aim to prioritize the attainment of these goals. There has to be uniform environment laws to promote intergeneration and intra-generational equity among the nations and leaving no lacuna for geographical disparity. The Artificial Intelligence can play a pivotal role in achieving sustainability by cross fertilization of technology and sustainable development leading to smart states, effective utilization of resources, green investment policies, use of efficacious renewable energy resources, analyzing agricultural needs and prior analyses of prospective disasters. AI is now playing a conspicuous role in promoting education through digital platform. The only drawback is lack of ethical policies that create human perspective promoting socio-economic intelligence. The need of the hour is to make equitable and collaborative approaches to bridge the inequalities supporting high quality health diagnosis, human interaction and ethics.
Crisis Vehicle with Smart Technology by Using RSSI
Authors: M Rajesh Khanna , V Suresh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Due to the increasing population growth, traffic congestion has increased everywhere. This causes huge delay in taking a patient to the hospital in an emergency vehicle (ambulance). To overcome this issue, our proposed idea utilizes RSSI (Received Signal Strength Identification). Node MCU acts as a receiver and the server acts as a transmitter. Node MCU has an inbuilt Wi-Fi (ESP-8266) module. It receives the signal and estimates its strength based on which ambulance arrival is predicted. This alerts the other vehicles and their speed is also controlled. In addition to this, RFID technology is used to change the adjacent traffic signals to red, thereby providing pathway to the emergency vehicle.
Fortitude and Sense of Coherence in Achieving Financial Resilience and Financial Health of Micro and Small Entrepreneurs
Authors: Ravikumar Thangaraj , Mathew Jain , Rekha Aranha Hitha
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought economic shocks all over the world. India is not an exception to this. The pandemic has made the lives of poor and downtrodden people, micro and small entrepreneurs miserable. Micro and small enterprises struggle to bounce back financially and to achieve financial health. Micro and small entrepreneurs face many problems, such as no adequate income and savings, debt repayment, rising costs, lack of funds to run the business, financial and mental stress, uncertain future, and so on. Despite these problems, the micro and small enterprises move on steadily to achieve the goal of financial health. What makes them move on steadily? How do they manage their resources to achieve financial resilience? To seek answers to these questions, this study would like to examine the role of fortitude and sense of coherence in achieving financial resilience and financial health of micro and small entrepreneurs.
Agricultural Irrigation Method Suitable for Indian Farmers
Authors: Darvekar Sanjay K , Charan P. Mohan Sai , Chandana P. Siri , Kumar N. Anil
Published: April 2022

Apart from crop production, irrigation also plays an important role in frost protection, suppression of weed growth, and in many other fields. High initial costs, increase in the concentration of alkaline salts in the soil, loss of water due to evaporation, poor crop quality are some of the demerits of existing irrigation methods. To develop an effective irrigation method suitable for Indian farmers a design thinking methodology was implemented in this work. Based on the stakeholders’ map, the empathy map, and the survey, it was evident that farmers were mostly affected due to the negative effects of present irrigation techniques. After, framing various “How might we….” questions, different ideas were discussed, analyzed, and evaluated using the 2x2 matrix method. A prototype was developed based on the chosen idea and was finally tested. The final idea was developed with a new technique of watering crops inspired by the existing techniques like rain-fed irrigation.
Adversarial Criminal Investigation - Legal, Psychological, and Sociological Aspects
Authors: Gore Aaditya , Parasar Anuradha
Published: April 2022

Criminal investigation in India is premised on the adversarial system, which provides for investigative fact finding with complete police discretion in fact finding. Investigation to find out only inculpatory facts deviates from the requirement of fairness in executive procedure. The purpose of investigation is to find out the truth. Exculpatory facts are a part of that truth. Constraints placed upon the freedom of the arrestee during investigative incarceration curtail the ability to establish exculpatory facts. Fair investigative procedure ought to provide for statutory norms for bringing to the fore exculpatory facts. Incarceration-related duress leads at times to false confessions. This paper explores the legal, psychological, and sociological aspects of investigative incarceration, and the practical implications and limitations of processual justice in the adversarial investigative process with special reference to India. A survey of civilian experience of policing is made to understand the approach of the public towards policing as a service.
COVID-19: Challenges and Avenues of the Banking System
Authors: Kumari Sukhavasi , Balanagalakshmi Balasayikumar
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 has changed the entire scenario of the world in all aspects. The financial system is also a part that affected in the changed frame. Generally banking sector plays an inevitable role in the country’s economic development. Due to the announcement of lockdown, all non-essential public and private services, businesses, including retail and micro firms, schools and colleges, religious places across the world, stayed closing during this period and total regular transportation system stopped. The situation, which is caused due to pandemic, has affected the total monetary system very badly and showed its impact on the banking sector. In this period, lower income levels led to decreased production and increased unemployment conditions. The banks faced several challenges, such as increase in non-performing assets, reduced income, no funds in the form of deposits, etc. But at the same time, this situation opened doors to certain new avenues for improving the income earning capacity by using electronic mode and others. This paper is aimed at identifying the challenges faced and various new opportunities available in front of the banking field.
Heavy Metal Removal by Magnetospirillum Strains and Its Possible Use in the Treatment of Tannery Effluents
Authors: Sannigrahi Sumana , Suthindhiran K
Published: April 2022

Heavy metals are a threat to the sustainable environmental condition causing ecological imbalance. MTBs utilize iron via a metal transport system known as biomineralization Therefore, the strains MSR-1, RJS2, RJS5, RJS6, and RJS7 were exposed to (1,10 ppm) Cd, Mn, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr, and Co as a sole electron donor, and time/days for efficient biosorption were optimized. The AAS analysis revealed that the RJS2 strain showed maximum biosorption (1 ppm) of Pb (96%). The strains MSR-1, RJS5, RJS6, and RJS7 produced biosorption of all metals. Biosorption by MSR-1 was more at 10 ppm. However, the RJS5 strain displayed better sorption properties against Pb (93.42%) at 50 ppm. Further exposure of strains against metal biosorption from tannery effluents yielded RJS6 [nickel (88%) and zinc (81%)] and RJS2 [manganese (82%) and cobalt (96%)] as potent strains. The heavy metal removal in MTBs can be further explored on an industrial scale.
Targeted Nano Size Vesicles to Colon: A State of Art
Authors: Rana Barika , Sharma Sumit , Batra Sonali
Published: April 2022

Nanosize vesicle is the promising approach for targeted drug delivery to the colon by oral administration of drug found to be better compliance when compared to other routes like rectal administration. Nanosize vesicles target the active drug at the site with lesser side effects. Moreover, vesicle targeting requires a lesser amount of drug to target at the site. Vesicles are small sacs that transport the material inside or outside the cell and help to transport the enzymes, proteins, hormones. Also, proteins and peptides drugs are targeted to the colon for better systemic absorption. Colon-related problems are widely distributed around the world and common diseases linked with the colon are IBD, abscess, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer and Crohn’s disease. Drugs with poor solubility and poor permeability as per BCS class IV which impact the bioavailability of drug will be incorporated in vesicles to target the distal part of the colon.
Dhwani Fire: Aerial System for Extinguishing Fire
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Sharma Bhanu , Mantri Archana , Goyal Nitin , Singla Neeraj
Published: April 2022

Fire is among the most feared dangers. Therefore, a fire extinguisher is necessary equipment. Unfortunately, conventional fire extinguishers have certain disadvantages, such as the use of hazardous chemical ingredients that leave a residue. The current extinguishers use a variety of chemicals depending on the types of fires to be extinguished. They are usually pressurized with nitrogen or carbon dioxide and when this pressure is released on fire, they extinguish it. Water, potassium bicarbonate, foam, and other asphyxiating and extinguishing agents are commonly used materials in the current fire extinguishers. All of these agents leave behind some byproducts that are toxic and pollute the environment. The proposed firefighting system consists of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), a drone that has two sets of sensors, an image capturing unit, a sound wave generator, a cooling assembly, and a processing unit onboard. The first set of sensors is configured to detect heat parameters of the fire, while the second set of sensors detects one or more airborne particulates in the fire area. The image capturing unit navigates and captures images of the fire area. The sound wave generator and the cooling assembly are controlled by the processing unit configured to actuate them and enable the system to extinguish fire. The system usability test exhibits that this sound wave-based firefighting extinguisher is a novel, cleaner, safer, and user-friendly firefighting solution.
Effectiveness of Internet Advertisements on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Girdharwal Nitin , Chaudhary Kanika , Bagel Irra , Garg Kanishka , Goel Kaniya , Garg Himanshu
Published: April 2022

This paper will introduce you to the markets of the online advertisement, different techniques, and business processes used for the future of online advertisement. Online advertisement is a kind of publicity that enables users to deliver marketing messages to attract the customers through the internet. The study helps the advertiser to understand the benefits of the online advertisement. According to research on the consumer behavior of the internet user, two groups of consumers are used: online shopping and entertainment. In this study, we used primary research methods for the analysis, to find out the insight views of online advertisement. We used questionnaires, methods, and surveys to be filled in Delhi NCR region only. A consumer can have an idea of even a small business with respect to large business related to products and services.
Bioprospecting of Fungal Endophytes in Hulimavu Lake for their Repertoire of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Jayaram Saranya , Sarojini Suma
Published: April 2022

Fungal endophytes hold a prominent position in the research world, in part due to the rich repertoire of bioactive compounds useful for industrial and environmental applications. The present study aims at bioprospecting few endophytic fungi isolated from Hulimavu Lake flora (Bengaluru) for characterization of biological applications of their bioactive compounds. Among the lake plants screened, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Ricinus communis, and Persicaria glabra were taken forward for isolation of fungal endophytes. Subsequent biochemical analyses were performed to quantify few fungal enzymes and bioactive compounds that were followed by antimicrobial and cytotoxic assays. In conclusion, this pilot study aims to probe the plethora of bioactive compounds present in fungal endophytes that possess wide ranging biological properties. Due to species richness and diversity of fungal endophytes across different plant hosts and habitats, bioprospecting fungal endophytes remains as a very extensive yet promising topic for research, representing broad ranging environmental and industrial applications.
Legal Pluralism: A Case Study on Autonomous Socio-Political and Judicial System in Santal Society
Authors: Raj Arjita , Hossain Sahel MD Delabul , Raj Arpita
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to determine how legal pluralism exists in Santal society and how their self-governing socio-political and judicial system, eminently known as Manjhi-Pargana or Marehor, exercises power over the society exclusively with the coexistence of the national legal system. Legal pluralism is the coexistence of two or multiple legal systems within a specific area. The Santal, one of the largest indigenous tribes of Eastern India, often mentions themselves as HorHopan meaning children of mankind. The Montage-Chelmsford report of 1918 remarked them as backward areas. Around 1935, Santals are recognized as backward tribes in India and are scheduled as tribes. In post-independent era under the Fifth and Sixth schedule of the Constitution, they have been described as people of ‘scheduled areas.’ The Indian Constitution has tried to build up the bridge between the Indian administrative system and the Santal society and has allowed them to enjoy the legal pluralism system.
A Succinct Review on Piezoelectric Characteristics of PVDF and its Copolymer PVDF-HFP
Authors: V M Ashwini Chavan , G Shireesha , M R Ambika
Published: April 2022

Researchers are making attempts to develop a lightweight, shock resistance, portable, wireless sensors, and flexible wearable electronic devices. Piezoelectric nanogenerators are those which are used to convert mechanical into electrical energy and vice versa, which in turn meets the requirement of low-powered electronic gadgets. PVDF (Poly vinylidene difluoride) is found to be one of the versatile polymeric materials with intriguing characteristics and many technological applications. In recent days, Polyvinylidene difluoride and its copolymers like P(VDF-trifluoroethylene) and P(VDF-tetrafluoroethylene) are being explored extensively in order to produce energy harvesting devices. The present study deals with recent trends in the processing techniques of piezoelectric materials PVDF-HFP with different nano fillers in order to enhance its efficiency. This article may inspire several researchers to fabricate polymer composites of PVDF-HFP with different additives, which finds applications in several fields like shoe pad nanogenerator, biomedical, smart scaffolds, spin valve devices, and hybrid generators.
Predicting Critical Parameters of a Declining Oil Well – A Data Driven Approach
Authors: Parhi Bikash , Patwardhan Samarth D.
Published: April 2022

Machine learning is an artificial intelligence application in which accessible data is processed or assisted in the analysis of any given dataset using algorithms. Machine learning is increasingly being employed in numerous oil and gas sector activities for better forecasts, ranging from litho-stratigraphic identification to pipeline network maintenance and service, and hence greatly improving safety. Using properly designed Neural Network algorithms, various parameters of a well under production has been predicted with reasonable accuracy. After a well is drilled and completed with casing, perforations are done to establish communication between the well and reservoir followed by production from the well. There are various production parameters, some of which are critical as they determine the life and health of a well, while others are general parameters that give details of the features and characteristics of the well as well as the reservoir. These parameters are obtained either directly from field measurements in real-time with specific equipment or some are calculated with complex empirical formulas. In this paper, we have taken a machine learning methodology by designing neural networks models to predict the decline curve and further determine some of the production parameters.
Multislot Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Design to Detect Breast Cancer
Authors: Ahmed M. Firoz , Kabir Md. Hasnat
Published: April 2022

The most typical cancer among women is breast cancer. It has the highest rate of occurrence and death. Breast cancer has become the leading cause of death among women worldwide in recent years. To avoid significant effects, early detection of malignant tissue is the most crucial aspect. X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound scanning can all be used to detect cancer cells in the breast. Microwave imaging overcomes some of the disadvantages of these approaches. In this paper, we proposed a new design for a multislot rectangular microstrip patch antenna that can detect breast cancers in the required FCC range (3.1 GHz - 10.6 GHz). The antenna is made of FR4 epoxy, which has a dielectric permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. It is designed and simulated with high-frequency simulation software (HFSS). The results show that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for the detection of breast cancer.
Pedestrian Head Impact Analysis on a Vehicle and Measures to Reduce HIC Value
Authors: Tripathy Santosh Kumar , Rath Kali Charan
Published: April 2022

Throughout the world numerous people are killed in vehicle collisions. Different innovations for expanding the energy-engrossing characteristics of the vehicle body are being considered. This paper worked out on the analysis of pedestrian head impact behavior on a vehicle and technique to reduce HIC (Head Impact Criteria) value. Objectives of this research work are: (a) to reduce the HIC (Head injury Criteria) less than 1000 without affecting the outer design and aesthetics of the vehicle, and (b) to find out the best and economical technologies among “rear-rising hood” and “airbag system for controlling pedestrian collision kinematics” to suit Indian requirements. The pedestrian air bag system along with the rear rising hood system is the best possible solution to protect the pedestrian from fatal injuries. The air bag covers the critical areas of the car for better safety.
Environmental Threats: Exploring Waste Management in the Indian Aviation Sector
Authors: Ravishankar Balakrishnan , Christopher Prabu B
Published: April 2022

Waste Management (WM) and disposal are now considered one of the most important environmental management problems in the global aviation industry. This must be addressed through more sustainable environmental practices to conserve natural resources and protect global ecosystems. The authors review and synthesize peer-reviewed articles from reputed journals and the aviation industry reports with the goal of identifying existing contributions. This study seeks to take an important step in identifying WM problems in the aviation sector in India and recommends strategies to reduce environmental impacts in the aviation sector. The literature review identifies airport waste sources, different types of waste generated in the aviation sector, barriers to WM, airport WM methods, and reveals gaps in aviation WM and avoiding CO2 emissions to protect sustainable ecosystems. This conclusion represents a solution to the green alternative to aviation and provides an overview for future research.
Havelis and Jharokas of Rajasthan: An Architectural Amalgamation Story
Authors: Kumhar Kamlesh , Kumar Ravish , Maheshwari Shobhit
Published: April 2022

Prolonged history of wars, trade, and settlements in the harsh arid weathers of the northwestern India and southern parts of Pakistan has amalgamated its own architectural styles. Rustic carved sandstone courtyard havelis, with high regards to privacy, were built in this area by its wealthy settlers. These havelis were designed to provide a high level of privacy and climatic responsiveness to withstand the harsh climate. Our paper focuses methods to collect data on one such element of the traditional façade treatment called ‘jharoka.’ Havelis planned with Mardana Chowk and Janana Chowk with jharokas overlooking the streets and these courtyards for privacy and to avoid direct sun. Through our research, we plan to devise a method to trace various such architectural styles throughout northwestern India and deduced a method to precisely convert them into 3D printable or machine-able construction elements so that they can be easily created and widely used again in the region.
Design of a Low-Cost IoT-Based Smart-Watch to Aid Alzheimer’s Patients and Caretakers
Authors: Balasenthilkumaran Nirmala Vasan , Sharma Hrishika , Vaidya Shailly , Gorti Siddharth , Rajagopal Sivakumar
Published: April 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic degenerative condition marked by increasing memory problems as well as psychological/behavioral abnormalities that eventually result into dementia. Currently, there is no available potent treatment for Alzheimer's illness as many treatment methodologies are still in the experimental stage. Hence, it is imperative to develop rehabilitative technologies that will help manage symptoms and enhance the quality of lives of patients. Due to a lack of available caretakers and due to the extensive costs of hiring them, some families are not able to afford caretakers and are forced to act as caretakers themselves and carry out their jobs at the same time. In this paper, we present a low-cost smartwatch to help patients enhance quality of their lives, help rehabilitation, and help out caretakers by providing regular information about the patient. The tasks performed by the proposed device includes monitoring and reminding patients of daily activities.
Designing Sustainable Business Models
Authors: Deshmukh Arvind , Saxena Neelam
Published: April 2022

Sustainable Business Modelling is an emerging field of research and has started finding cross-linkages in the literature of sustainable economic development. The idea of building sustainability at the core of a business model is fast becoming a necessity instead of a uniqueness. Although the concept of sustainability is still abstract and evolving, however, when sustainability is coupled with business, the desired outcome is the realization of the triple bottom line. This paper is an attempt to validate the theory of Sustainable Business Models through case study analysis. The paper's tone is explanatory and explores the phenomenon of sustainability in business models through the lens of the tourism industry.
A Study on Sustainable Development Impact on the Colleges and Universities of the State of Telangana
Authors: Pasha Akram
Published: April 2022

Sustainable development needs to evolve as a standard paradigm for planning and decision making. As a dynamic condition, needs to understand interconnections and interdependency between environmental, economic, and social systems. The communities and institutions cannot be sustainable and there is no existence of social justice without achieving sustainability. The attitude, skills, and knowledge links to responsibility to create and enjoy a sustainable future. The educational institutions require to re-structure courses, research programs to reach communities, and operations of the campus. Preparing students, staff, whole campus, and community to be more proficient decision makers of future environment by integrating sustainability into educational institutions. The sustainable development study is done using survey of sustainability at college or university level accomplished critical proportions of higher education. The Sustainability Assessment Questionnaire is intended to encourage discussion and further evaluation by campus different councils who are conversant about and responsible for the actions.
A Review on the Genetically Engineered Microbes for Bioremediation of THMs Namely Hg and Cr
Authors: Gupta Nikita , Sundar Ranjitha Dhevi V. , Arunachalam Sathiavelu
Published: April 2022

The field of bioremediation has evolved over the past few decades, owing to the tremendous addition to the knowledge and growth of genetics and genomics. At present, various tools of genetic engineering are employed to tackle THM pollution using various microorganisms and plants. Several challenges limit efficient utilization of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms, particularly the efficiency in open field application, the effect on native flora, and dynamic field factors. Nonetheless, various successful examples of the application of GEMs were seen, some of which are the use of “mer” resistance genes for the treatment of Hg and “ChrR” in the treatment of chromium. The mode of application of bioremediation varies depending on the type, site, and size of the polluted area. Further research is needed to tackle the challenges to the open field applications of GEMs for bioremediation of THM’s along with efforts to make the public aware of these techniques.