bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] Development of Niacinamide/Ferulic Acid‐Loaded Multiple Emulsion and Its In Vitro/In Vivo Investigation as a Cosmeceutical Product
Authors: Huma Sidra , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Ijaz Shakeel , Sarfraz Muhammad , Zaka Hafiz Saqib , Ahmad Aousaf
Published: March 2022

Objective. Multiple emulsions have the ability to incorporate both lipophilic and hydrophilic actives in the same preparation and facilitate permeation of active ingredients through skin. The current study was aimed at formulating niacinamide/ferulic acid‐loaded stable multiple emulsion (MNF) and its in vitro/in vivo characterization as a cosmeceutical product. Methods. Both the compounds were evaluated for their radical scavenging potential by the DPPH method and FTIR analysis. Then, placebo and active formulations were prepared using a double emulsification method and were investigated for stability testing (changes in color, odor, and liquefaction on centrifugation, pH, and globule size) for a period of three months. Afterwards, MNF was investigated for in vitro sun protection factor, rheological studies, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, zeta size, and ex vivo permeation. Moreover, after ensuring the hypoallergenicity and safety, it was also checked for its cosmeceutical effects on human skin using noninvasive biophysical probes in comparison with placebo. Results. Results demonstrated that MNF showed a non‐Newtonian behavior rheologically and both MNF and placebo were stable at different storage conditions. Entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, and zeta size were 93.3%, ‐5.88 mV, and 0.173 μm, respectively. Moreover, melanin, sebum, and skin erythema were significantly reduced while skin elasticity and hydration were improved. Conclusion. It is evident that niacinamide and ferulic acid can be successfully incorporated in a stable multiple emulsion which has potent cosmeceutical effects on human skin.
Research on Intelligent Warehousing and Logistics Management System of Electronic Market Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Ruifeng , Zhou Xiaoyan , Jin Yanfeng , Li Jing
Published: March 2022

This study applies the Internet of things information-aware technology to the process of electronic market warehousing and logistics management, effectively perceives warehouse electronic product logistics information, and improves the real-time perception of electronic product logistics information and the efficiency of electronic product storage logistics management. This study first analyzes the needs of the intelligent electronic market warehouse logistics management system and then builds the IoT architecture of the intelligent warehouse logistics assembly logistics management system for electronic warehouses based on machine learning algorithms, which solves the problems that exist in the current workshop electronic market warehouse logistics management. Then, the principle of RFID technology is introduced. The accuracy of RFID tag estimation is analyzed by the PEPC tag estimation algorithm. It is concluded that the PEPC tag estimation algorithm reduces the tag estimation error and improves the accuracy of tag estimation. Finally, an intelligent warehousing logistics management system based on IoT RFID technology is established. The test results show that the system can meet the requirements of intelligent warehousing function in the electronic market, which will greatly improve the warehousing efficiency of electronic products.
A Review of the Digital Twin Technology in the AEC‐FM Industry
Authors: Hosamo Haidar Hosamo , Imran Aksa , Cardenas-Cartagena Juan , Svennevig Paul Ragnar , Svidt Kjeld , Nielsen Henrik Kofoed
Published: March 2022

The Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Facility Management (AEC‐FM) industry is increasingly affected by digital technologies that monitor sensor network data and control automation systems. Advances in digital technologies like Digital Twin offer a high‐level representation of buildings and their assets by integrating the physical and digital world. This paper examines patterns, gaps, and trends in the AEC‐FM sector and contributes to digitalization and automation solutions for building management. This work covers a broad range of research topics, from intelligent information management of complex models to building information management and the interaction of building systems, where researchers are increasingly interested in using the Digital Twin to manage their information and in developing new research lines focused on data interchange and the interoperability of building information modeling (BIM) and facility management (FM). After a complete bibliometric search of several databases and following selection criteria, 77 academic publications about the Digital Twin application in the AEC‐FM industry were labeled and clustered accordingly. This study analyzed in detail the concept of key technologies, including “Digital Twin in Facility Lifecycle Management,” “Digital Twin‐Information Integration Standards,” “Digital Twin‐Based Occupants Centric Building Design,” “Digital Twin‐Based Predictive Maintenance,” “Semantic Digital Twin for Facility Maintenance,” and “Digital Twin‐Based Human Knowledge.” The findings show that information standardization is the first major hurdle that must be overcome before the actual use of Digital Twin can be realized in the AEC‐FM industry. Based on that, this paper provides a conceptual framework of Digital Twin for building management as a starting point for future research.
Research on Knowledge Graph Completion Model Combining Temporal Convolutional Network and Monte Carlo Tree Search
Authors: Wang Ying , Sun Mingchen , Wang Hongji , Sun Yudong
Published: March 2022

In knowledge graph completion (KGC) and other applications, learning how to move from a source node to a target node with a given query is an important problem. It can be formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem transition model under a given state. In order to overcome the challenges of sparse rewards and historical state encoding, we develop a deep agent network (graph-agent, GA), which combines temporal convolutional network (TCN) and Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS). Firstly, we combine MCTS with neural network to generate more positive reward trajectories, which can effectively solve the problem of sparse rewards. TCN is used to encode the history state, which is used for policy and Q-value respectively. Secondly, according to these trajectories, we use Q-Learning to improve the network and parameter sharing to enhance TCN strategy. We apply these steps repeatedly to learn the model. Thirdly, in the prediction stage of the model, Monte Carlo Tree Search combined with Q-value method is used to predict the target nodes. The experimental results on several graph-walking benchmarks show that GA is better than other RL methods based on-policy gradient. The performance of GA is also better than the traditional KGC baselines.
Hybrid IoT and Data Fusion Model for e-Commerce Big Data Analysis
Authors: Li Bing , Lei Qi
Published: March 2022

This article is aimed at studying the e-commerce big data recommendation model based on data fusion and the Internet of Things. This article chooses an embedded system for the construction of an e-commerce platform and uses data fusion technology to collect, transmit, and filter useful information from various information sources. Then, the collected information and data are analyzed and integrated, and visualization algorithms are used to better present data analysis, and association rules and structural similarity methods for electronic comparison are uses. This article uses the B/S architecture to design the overall framework of the data access layer, business logic layer, and user presentation layer; collects, organizes, stores, and presents the acquired consumer information; and finally analyzes the e-commerce background, platform performance, and supply and demand analysis. The experimental results show that the average clustering coefficient of the platform (0.7559) is smaller than the average clustering coefficient value of 8 items in the store (0.811) and smaller than the average network diameter and average path length of the online store (3.86, 7.7). Store products are better than store products, and the diameter and length of the product should be larger (2.71, 5.75). The recall rate of the e-commerce big data platform and model matching review method designed in this paper is 5% higher than that of the word matching model method and has a better expected effect in terms of user supply and demand.
Removal of Doxycycline from Water using Dalbergia sissoo Waste Biomass Based Activated Carbon and Magnetic Oxide/Activated Bioinorganic Nanocomposite in Batch Adsorption and Adsorption/Membrane Hybrid Processes
Authors: Zahoor Muhammad , Wahab Muhammad , Salman Syed Muhammad , Sohail Aamir , Ali Essam A. , Ullah Riaz
Published: March 2022

The carbonaceous adsorbents, an activated carbon (AC) and a bioinorganic nanocomposite (MAC), were prepared using Dalbergia sissoo sawdust as waste biomass, in this study. Both the adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, EDX, SEM, XRD, TG/DTA, surface area, and a pore size analyzer. The adsorbents were used for the removal of an antibiotic, doxycycline (DC) antibiotic, from wastewater in order to minimize a load of antibiotics in industrial effluents and consequently the drug resistance problem. Initially, the effectiveness of adsorbent was confirmed using batch adsorption experiments where isothermal models like Langmuir, Freundlich Temkin, Jovanovic, and Harkins–Jura were utilized to govern the maximum adsorption capacity of AC and MAC while pseudo‐first‐ and second‐order kinetic models were used to estimate the values of different kinetic parameters. Langmuir model best accommodated the equilibrium data whereas the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model finest trimmed the kinetics data. The effect of pH on adsorption was also evaluated where maximum removal was observed between pH 5 and 7 by both adsorbents. The effect of temperature on adsorption was evaluated where the entropy change (ΔS0) comes out to have a numerically positive value whereas Gibbs free energy change (ΔG0) and enthalpy change (ΔH0) were negative indicating the spontaneous nature and feasibility of the procedure. The robust technology of membrane separation is rapidly replacing the conventional technologies but at the same time suffers from the problem of membrane fouling. As pretreatment, the AC and MAC were used in hybrid with ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes whereas permeate fluxes and percent retention of DC were compared for naked membrane operations and AC/membrane and MAC/membrane process. The permeate fluxes for MAC/membrane processes were greater as compared to AC/membrane and naked membrane processes showing the effectiveness of the bioinorganic composite as foul control and consequently recovery of DC from effluents. The percent retention of the UF membrane was lower as compared to NF and RO membranes. Improvement in percent retention for UF/AC, UF/MAC, NF/AC, NF/MAC, RO/AC, and RO/MAC was observed. The bioinorganic composite MAC contains a magnetic iron oxide which was effectively removed from slurry after use through the magnetic process and that was the main reason for high permeate fluxes in MAC/membrane operations.
Effect of Preirradiation Fluoride Treatment on the Physical Properties of Dentin
Authors: Mante Francis K. , Kim Aaron , Truong Kristi N. , Mittal Kriti , Alapati Spoorthi , Hagan Sarah , Deng Jie
Published: March 2022

Objective. To determine the effects of preirradiation fluoride treatments on the Knoop hardness of dentin. Materials and Methods. Human posterior teeth mounted into acrylic resin molds were polished with silicon carbide (SiC) abrasives and 3-micron diamond paste. The Knoop hardness of dentin was measured with a Leco hardness instrument. The teeth were divided into groups of ten teeth per group as follows: no treatment (control), treatment with silver diamine fluoride (SDF), MI varnish (MI), and cavity shield (CS). The teeth were exposed to 2 Gy of daily radiation for six weeks using an X-Rad 320ix biological irradiator. Hardness was measured weekly, before, during, and after irradiation. The teeth were stored in artificial saliva at 37oC between radiation treatments. Results. In preirradiation dentin, a Knoop hardness value of 58.8 (14.1) KHN was obtained. Treatment with SDF significantly increased KHN before irradiation. Immediately after radiation treatment, hardness was significantly reduced in all experimental groups. Postirradiation fluoride treatments increased the hardness of dentin to varying degrees. Conclusions. Preirradiation fluoride treatment does not provide protection from decreases in the hardness of dentin. Treatment of teeth with fluoride formulations after radiation progressively restores the hardness of dentin to different degrees.
A Study on the Utility Measurements and Influencing Factors of High-Speed Rail and Air Passenger Travel
Authors: Zhang Peiwen , Zhao Wenke , Wang Yu , Wang Minke
Published: March 2022

The increase in travel mode options has led to changes in the travel decision-making behaviors of passengers and differences in spatial patterns of the markets of high-speed rail and air travel. Taking China’s central cities as the research subject, we analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of high-speed rail and air transportation markets from a geographic perspective based on the passenger travel utility function. We analyze the influence on passenger travel decision-making behavior from the perspectives of the socioeconomic level and fare structure. The findings show that in the central city transportation market, passengers have a stronger preference for air travel. However, there are differences between regions, with high-speed rail dominating more in the partial north and air focusing on the partial south. As the value of time per capita increases, the dominant range of air travel gradually increases, while the dominant range of high-speed rail travel is compressed to some extent. An increase in fares does not cause a significant decrease in air demand; however, a reduction in fares leads to an increase in air passenger travel satisfaction.
Application of Artificial Neural Network in the Baking Process of Salmon
Authors: Jiang Pengfei , Zhu Kaiyue , Shang Shan , Jin Wengang , Yu Wanying , Li Shuang , Wang Shen , Dong Xiuping
Published: March 2022

The global production of farmed Atlantic salmon amounts to over 2 million tons per year. Consumed all over the world, salmon is not only delicious but also nutritious. This paper deals with the relationship between moisture content, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and sensory evaluation in the baking process of salmon. An artificial neural network (ANN) model has been established to simulate the change of moisture content and energy consumed in the baking process. Through the study of LF-NMR, SEM, and sensory evaluation, it was found that the change of sensory indexes was consistent with the results observed by LF-NMR and SEM. With the increase of temperature, muscle fibers contracted, the interstices increased, the rate of water loss increased, and the sensory score decreased. Initial moisture content, baking time, baking temperature, baking humidity, and baking air velocity were employed as the baking control parameters for the ANN. ANN can be used to determine the moisture content and energy consumed of baking salmon. The best network topology occurred with 5 input layer neurons, 17 hidden layer neurons, and 2 output layer neurons, and the MSE was 0.00153, and Rall was 0.99661. According to the experiment, it was demonstrated that the ANN is a reliable software-based method.
Research on the Identification of Precursor Information of Limestone Rockburst under Triaxial Unloading Conditions
Authors: Ding Wenjun , Zhou Zonghong , Liu Jian , Hou Tingkai , Wang Jiaxin , Li Jin , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2022

Based on the energy evolution of limestone and acoustic emission evolution law, this paper takes the limestone unloading energy evolution law and acoustic emission cumulative ringing count, cumulative energy, RA value, acoustic emission information entropy, and acoustic emission damage as precursor discrimination indicators for the occurrence of rock explosion. Study of the impact of the unloading rate on the rock explosion precursors indicates that with increasing unloading rate there are more dramatic changes in the degree of each precursor discrimination indicators and rock ruptures within a short period of time before the completion of the indicators. The establishment of the precursor response coefficient reveals that the precursor response is the strongest when the rock rupture acoustic emission RA value time is the earliest. The remaining four precursor discrimination indicators of rock rupture with different loading paths show fluctuations in the identification capacity of the state. The research results can provide some reference for identifying rockburst precursor information.
A Gray Correlation Algorithm for Analysis of Influencing Factors of Film and Television Copyright Export
Authors: Ren Bingchao , Jin Ting
Published: March 2022

In this paper, an intelligent model is constructed to facilitate real-time dynamic analysis of the factors affecting the export of film and television copyrights and to track the process of spatiotemporal context. The algorithm analyzes the factors affecting the export of film and television copyrights according to actual needs. Through the comparative analysis of experimental models, the influence and optimization of gamma correction and Laplace distribution weighting on spatial context information and confidence map update are verified. In addition, this paper uses the gray relational algorithm to construct an analysis system of factors affecting the export of film and television copyright. The research shows that the analysis model of the influencing factors of film and television copyright export based on the gray relational algorithm can play a very good role in the analysis of these factors.
Curriculum Design of Art Higher Vocational Education Based on Artificial Intelligence Assisted Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Cao Qingyun
Published: March 2022

In order to improve the effect of higher vocational art teaching, this paper applies artificial intelligence virtual reality technology to the art education design of higher vocational schools to improve the immersion of art education, change the traditional higher vocational art teaching mode, and effectively improve the efficiency of higher vocational art teaching. Furthermore, the teaching system’s presentation of virtual reality algorithms has been enhanced. This paper elaborates the realisation process of the system’s homework management function, virtual scene function, personal space function, resource management function, online examination function, and teacher-student communication function, which is primarily displayed in the form of interface diagrams and flowcharts, in the realisation of the state-of-the-art higher vocational education curriculum design system based on virtual reality technology. Furthermore, this work uses experimental research to verify the system’s dependability. The results show that the art higher vocational education curriculum design system constructed in this paper based on artificial intelligence assisted virtual reality technology basically meets the needs of contemporary higher vocational art teaching and can effectively improve the art higher vocational education curriculum design.
Research on Colour Matching in Art Design Based on Neural Network Mathematics Models
Authors: Zhang Xuanhan
Published: March 2022

Colour, an art term, is an important formal element that can influence our changing feelings, and colour matching has a very important place in art. Colour is an important artistic language in the study of art, and colour is also a more attractive representation of our real world. In this paper, we fine-tune an existing mathematics model to analyze the effect of hue, luminance, saturation, and contrast on the emotion classification of art paintings and achieve an accuracy improvement of 3.4% over the current state of the art on the public dataset Twitter image dataset. Finally, we propose a pretraining strategy for a related task that significantly improves the sentiment classification task of paintings and analyze the experimental results through visual structures.
Clinical Observation of Ropinirole Hydrochloride in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Zhang JingZhou , Gao Xiaoli , Chen Yuan , Kong Qingxin
Published: March 2022

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative disease of the nervous system, which is more common in middle-aged and elderly people. Currently, the incidence of PD is increasing. The disease is a degenerative disease, which is irreversible and requires life-long treatment. Ropinirole hydrochloride can also be used for Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, this article conducted research on this; the purpose is to further determine whether the drug can be used for Parkinson’s disease. The method used in this article is a method of quantitative analysis and experimental testing. This article selects Parkinson’s disease patients from the provincial hospital to conduct investigations and group experiments on these people to test the effects of different levels of ropinirole hydrochloride in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Experimental data showed that when the dose of ropinirole was 1 mg, its peak concentration reached 24.95 and the clearance rate reached 143.42. This shows that, in the early stage of medication, it has certain benefits in disease control.
The Relationship of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2) with Disease Severity Indicators Such as BODE and GOLD in Hospitalized COPD Patients
Authors: Zhang Xiaodiao , Miao Xiaqi , Ding Keke , Wang Jianing , Hu Binbin , Hu Xueting , Shen Jiamin , Liu Chunyan , Xu Yage , Zhao Xiuxiu , Bao Lulu , Chen Wei , Zhang Beibei , Huang Yiben
Published: March 2022

Purpose. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) with BODE and GOLD in stable COPD subjects and to explore the predictive value of PaCO2 for severe COPD (BODE index score ≥5 or GOLD index score ≥3). Patients and Methods. In total, 80 participants with COPD and free from other conditions affecting PaCO2 were recruited. Arterial blood gases, BODE, GOLD, SGRQ, lung function, and other data were collected. The BODE index was calculated, and patients were divided into two groups according to the BODE index and PaCO2 median, respectively. We used Pearson’s correlation test and the receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the utility of PaCO2. Besides, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to verify whether PaCO2 was an independent factor associated with BODE grades. Results. COPD subjects with BODE ≥5 and GOLD ≥3 had significantly higher levels of PaCO2 (

p

 = 0.004,

p

 = 0.001, respectively). In the high PaCO2 group, patients underwent poorer outcomes than the low PaCO2 group. PaCO2 was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second in percent of the predicted value (FEV1%) (r = −0.612,

p

 < 0.001). The performance of PaCO2 levels in predicting BODE ≥5 and GOLD ≥3 was 0.748 and 0.755, respectively. The logistic regression analyses proved that PaCO2 was associated with BODE ≥5 in COPD patients (odds ratio = 1.160, 95% CI: 1.025–1.313,

p

 = 0.019). Conclusions. A higher level of PaCO2 was associated with a higher index for BODE or GOLD in COPD and had the predictive value for severe COPD.
Stability Analysis of a Ratio‐Dependent Predator‐Prey Model
Authors: Yao Pei , Wang Zuocheng , Wang Lingshu
Published: March 2022

In this study, a ratio‐dependent predator‐prey model is investigated. The local stability and global stability of the nonnegative boundary equilibrium and positive equilibrium of the model are discussed, respectively. Sufficient condition is obtained for the existence of Hopf bifurcation at the positive equilibrium.
What Are the Predictors of Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture in Indonesian Population Based on Angiographic Findings? Insight from Intracranial Aneurysm Registry on Three Comprehensive Stroke Centres in Indonesia
Authors: Swatan Jovian P. , Sani Achmad F. , Kurniawan Dedy , Swatan Hermanto , Husain Shakir
Published: March 2022

Objectives. What are the Predictors of Intracranial Aneurysm (IA) Rupture based on angiographic findings among patients in Indonesia’s Population Based on Angiographic Findings. Materials and Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study on subjects with IA not caused by congenital aetiologies or other vascular malformations with cerebral angiography performed from January 2017 to January 2021. Demographic data and aneurysm profile, which include aneurysm count, size, location, and rupture event, were collected. The correlation between risk factors and IA rupture events was determined using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results. From 100 angiography data (33 males and 67 females), the mean subject age is

51.94
±
10.78

. We observe a total of 121 IAs from all subjects. Most of the IAs are in the anterior circulation (104 aneurysms, 85.96%), have small size (77 aneurysms, 63.64%), and are found in ruptured conditions (90 aneurysms, 74.38%). Males have a greater aneurysm count (

1.36
±
0.74

vs.

1.13
±
0.55

,

p
=
0.036

) and larger aneurysm size (

p
=
0.002

). Aneurysm size is significantly correlated with its location (

p
=
0.008

). Medium size (

p
=
0.019

; OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.08-6.36) and location other than the internal carotid artery are associated with increased rupture event. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender (

p
=
0.031

; aOR 5.37, 95% CI 1.17-24.70) is a significant risk factor of IA rupture event. Conclusion. IA profiling will enable clinicians to determine the risk of rupture and treatment plans for the Indonesian population. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm these findings.
Integrated Analysis of Ulcerative Colitis Revealed an Association between PHLPP2 and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Li Ting , Liu Weidong , Hui Wenjia , Shi Tian , Liu Huan , Feng Yan , Gao Feng
Published: March 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a progressive intestine inflammatory disease that is prone to recur. Herein, we utilize microarray technology and bioinformatics to reveal the underlying pathogenesis of UC and provide novel markers. Colonic biopsies were taken from eight UC patients and eight healthy controls. Three differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMIs) and 264 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using mRNA and miRNA microarray. Most DEGs were significantly associated with immune response and were markedly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Among the target genes of DEMIs, PHLPP2 overlapped with DEGs and the downregulation of PHLPP2 group was mainly involved in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. PHLPP2 was downregulated in UC patients, which was validated in 5 GEO datasets and qRT-PCR. The ROC curve demonstrated that PHLPP2 has a perfect ability to distinguish UC patients from healthy controls. Moreover, PHLPP2 was low expression in patients with active UC. CIBERSORT algorithm indicated that the abundance of gamma delta T cells (

P
=
0.04

), M0 macrophages (

P
=
0.01

), and activated mast cells (

P
<
0.01

) was significantly greater than that of the control group. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that PHLPP2 was positively correlated with the proportion of activated NK cells (

rho
=
0.62

,

P
=
0.013

) and Tregs (

rho
=
0.55

,

P
=
0.03

), but negatively correlated with those of activated mast cells (

rho
=
−
0.8

,

P
<
0.01

) and macrophages (

rho
=
−
0.73

,

P
<
0.01

). These results indicate that PHLPP2 is associated with immune cells in the pathogenesis of UC, as well as provide new prospects and future directions of investigation.
Research on Technological Innovation Investment, Financing Constraints, and Corporate Financial Risk: Evidence from China
Authors: Su Yanli , Liu Baotong , Yang Xiuping , Wang Enyu
Published: March 2022

Technological innovation is the source of generating new momentum. In the context of the financing constraints generally existing in China, it is particularly important to explore the impact of technological innovation investment on corporate financial risk, which also provides a risk identification perspective and development direction for enterprises. Based on the data of China’s small and medium-sized listed companies from 2010 to 2019, and from the perspective of moderating effect of financing constraints, this paper uses multiple regression analysis method to test the impact mechanism of technological innovation investment on corporate financial risk and the moderating effect of financing constraints in both. The results show that technological innovation investment can significantly reduce corporate financial risk, while financing constraints can significantly improve the level of financial risk. Financing constraints play a moderating role in technological innovation investment and financial risk. Heterogeneity test found that, compared with large-scale enterprises, small-scale enterprises’ technological innovation investment has a more significant impact on financial risk, and the moderating effect of financing constraints is also greater. Compared with private enterprises, state-owned enterprises’ technological innovation investment has less impact on financial risk, and the moderating effect of financing constraints is not significant.
Displacement Characteristics of a Deep Excavation in Hangzhou Soft Clay
Authors: Mei Yuan , Wang Lu , Zhou Dongbo , Fu Liaoyuan
Published: March 2022

Excavations in a soft soil area are usually associated with substantial difficulties. Taking a special‐shaped deep foundation pit in Hangzhou soft clay as the research object, the excavation performances, including groundwater level height, axial force, lateral wall, and soil deflection, and ground surface settlement were monitored and summarized based on the data published in the literature on similar excavations in Hangzhou, P. R. China. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The axial forces of the struts dynamically change during the excavation and construction or removal of adjacent braces. (2) The ratio between the measured maximum wall deflection and excavation depth (δh−max/He) is 0.14–0.17%, larger than those in Shanghai. (3) The surface settlement behind the wall has an obvious primary influence zone and secondary influence zone, characterized by a “groove shape” and “triangle shape,” respectively. The maximum ground surface settlement δv−max ranges from 0.29% to 0.5% of the excavation depth. (4) The distribution of the ground settlement was analyzed. The relationship between the maximum settlements δv−max is between 1.28 δh−max and 3.72 δh−max. Moreover, ABAQUS software with Mohr–Coulomb soil models was used for model analysis of the construction process. The research results have important significance for the effective prevention of foundation pit accidents and the optimal design of deep foundation pit projects.
A Survey of Brazilian Patients with Oral Lichen Planus Showing No Evidence of Malignancy
Authors: Migliari Dante , Sugaya Norberto , Hirota Silvio
Published: March 2022

Objectives. There is conflicting evidence as to whether oral lichen planus (OLP) can undergo malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to address this issue by analyzing a sample of Brazilian patients with either OLP or OSCC. Patients and Methods. This study was conducted in São Paulo, the world’s fourth‐largest city by population. Two groups of patients were analyzed. The OLP group consisted of 370 patients, while the OSCC group consisted of 154 patients. The OLP patients were followed up for up to 21 years to monitor clinical benefits from the management or changes in the lesion morphology; conversely, patients with OSCC were examined only twice for diagnostic purposes and referred to a specialized center. Data concerning systemic diseases, use of medications, type of oral lesions, and health‐risk behaviors were recorded for patients in both groups. Results. None of the patients with OLP developed OSCC at the lesion site. Only one female patient with erosive OLP developed OSCC in the normal, lesion‐free oral mucosa. None of the OSCC patients had concomitant OLP lesions; however, a higher percentage of OSCC cases (17.5%) showed white plaques (most likely oral leukoplakia) as a precursor lesion. Conclusion. The findings strongly suggest that malignant transformation of OLP is virtually nonexistent in the Brazilian population.
Dysbiosis of Gastric Mucosal Fungal Microbiota in the Gastric Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhan , Feng Hao , Qiu Yaopeng , Xu Zhou , Xie Qingfeng , Ding Wenfu , Liu Hao , Li Guoxin
Published: March 2022

Background. Microbes have been shown to contribute to gastric cancer (GC), gastric bacteria and viruses are associated with gastric carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between gastric fungi and GC is still unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the gastric fungal microbiota in the GC microenvironment. Methods. Gastric fungal microbiome profiling was performed with internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequencing in primary tumor and corresponding paired normal mucosal tissues from 61 GC patients. Differences in microbial composition, taxa diversity, and predicted function were further analyzed. Results. Dysbiosis of gastric mucosal fungal microbiome was observed between the tumor and normal groups in GC. The tumor group had a higher abundance of certain taxa than the normal group. In the taxa classification, the abundances of Pezizomycetes, Sordariales, Chaetomiaceae, and Rozellomycota were lower in the tumor group than in the normal group. At the genus level, Solicoccozyma (

P
=
0.033

) was found in higher abundance and was differentially enriched in the tumor group with Lefse analysis. Additionally, Solicoccozyma accounted for 0.3% of gastric fungi in the GC microenvironment. Twenty-seven of the 61 GC patients showed positive Solicoccozyma expression in tumors. Solicoccozyma-positive expression in tumors was associated with the Bormann classification and nerve invasion. Solicoccozyma was considered a gastric fungal marker to classify stage I and stage II-IV GC patients with an area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) of 0.7061, as well as to classify the nerve invasive and nonnerve invasive tumors from GC patients with an AUC of 0.6978. Functional prediction indicated that the positive expression of Solicoccozyma in tumors was associated with the amino acid- and carbohydrate-related metabolic pathways in GC. Conclusions. This study revealed a novel perspective on the role of Solicoccozyma in tumors and a theoretical basis for therapeutic targets against GC.
Calibration of Contact Parameters for Moist Bulk of Shotcrete Based on EDEM
Authors: Ma Guanguo , Sun Zhenjiao , Ma Hui , Li Pengcheng
Published: March 2022

To obtain the contact parameters of the moist bulk of shotcrete accurately and quickly, this study calibrated the contact parameters of the moist bulk of shotcrete by physical stacking test and simulation method. Based on the Hertz–Mindlin with JKR (Johnon–Kendall–Roberts) model, the discrete element simulation is carried out. Using P-BD to screen seven initial parameters, it is found that JKR surface energy, rolling friction coefficient between particles and restitution coefficient of particle impact have significant effects on the angle of repose of the moist bulk of shotcrete. According to B-BD, the second-order regression model of angle of repose and significance parameters was established. Three significant parameters were obtained: JKR surface energy 0.418 J/m2, rolling friction coefficient 0.06 and static friction coefficient 1. The angle of repose obtained by simulation is compared with the physical test value, and the relative error is 1.88%. The results show that the calibration method proposed in this study can accurately simulate the physical stacking test, and can provide a reference for the calibration of contact parameters of the moist bulk of shotcrete.
Serological Evidence of Antibodies to Rift Valley Fever Virus in Wild and Domestic Animals in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Atuman Y. J. , Kudi C. A. , Abdu P. A. , Okubanjo O. O. , Wungak Y. , Ularamu H. G. , Abubakar A.
Published: March 2022

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an arthropod-borne zoonotic disease responsible for severe outbreaks in livestock and humans with concomitant economic losses in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The study, therefore, investigated the seroprevalence of the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) among wild and domestic animals. Blood samples were collected between 2013 and 2015 from 106 wild animals, 300 cattle (Bos indicus), and 200 horses (Equus caballus), respectively, in Yankari Game Reserve (YGR) and Sumu Wildlife Park (SWP) in Bauchi state, Nigeria. Harvested sera from blood were evaluated for the presence of anti-RVFV IgM/IgG antibodies. The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 11.3% (

p

 = 0.677; 95% CI: 0.624–0.730) and in wildlife was 8.5% (

p

 = 0.006; 95% CI: 0.00–0.60). The diversity of wildlife species sampled indicated seropositivity of 36.0% in waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymus), 25.0% in elephant (Loxodonta africana), 12.5% in eland (Taurotragus oryx), and 8.3% in wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus). Whereas, samples from zebra (Equus quagga crawshayi), kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), and hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus caama) did not show detectable antibodies to RVFV, and seroprevalence in female (15.0%) wildlife species was higher than in males (4.5%) (

p

 = 0.061). Classification of cattle into breed and sex showed no significant difference in seropositivity. Seropositivity of 12.0% was observed in White Fulani, 12.1% in Red Bororo, and 7.8% in Sokoto Gudali breeds of cattle (

p

 = 0.677). Whereas, seropositivity of 13.6% was observed in females and 6.4% observed in males (

p

 = 0.068). This study indicated the presence of antibodies to RVFV among some wild animals and cattle in the absence of a reported outbreak in the study area. The circulation of RVFV in the study area may pose a significant health risk to livestock, wildlife, and humans. Therefore, surveillance for RVFV should be intensified targeting mosquito vectors and humans in Bauchi state, Nigeria.
Seroepidemiology of Camel Brucellosis in and around Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Waktole Hika , Aden Mohammed , Ashenafi Hagos
Published: March 2022

Brucellosis is an infectious disease in domestic and wild animals with serious zoonotic and economic implication in humans, being more severe in developing countries. The disease is highly prevalent in cattle, camels, and small ruminants in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas in Africa. Here we have investigated the seroepidemiology of camel brucellosis in and around Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia, using a cross-sectional study design to determine the seroprevalence of the disease and to identify risk factors that would facilitate the transmission of zoonotic diseases to humans. This study involved testing 350 serum samples from camels and interviewing 120 livestock owners. The modified Rose Bengal plate test (mRBPT) and the complement fixation test (CFT) were used as screening and confirmatory tests, respectively. The overall sero-prevalence of camel brucellosis was found to be 8.3% and 2% using mRBPT and CFT tests, respectively. Among the risk factors assessed, only abortion and body condition disclosed a statistically significant difference

p
<
0.05

with regard to the seropositivity of camel brucellosis. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in eastern Ethiopia and there is a need to execute well-organized disease control and prevention programs and exercise public health education to scale up awareness of the community towards the disease.
Cerium Bromide Single-Crystal X-Ray Detection and Spectral Compatibility Assessment with Various Optical Sensors
Authors: Linardatos Dionysios , Velissarakos Konstantinos , Valais Ioannis , Fountos George , Kalyvas Nektarios , Michail Christos
Published: March 2022

Scintillators with high light yield (LY) values are of interest for medical imaging applications, in harsh environments, nondestructive testing (NDT), etc. CeBr3 has a LY of 60000 photons per MeV, a value much higher than other efficient materials, such as Lu3Al5O12:Ce (25000 photons/MeV); thus, its X-ray detection properties would be of interest to be examined for medical imaging applications. The X-ray detection and absorption properties of a single crystal CeBr3 sample along with the compatibility of its produced light with various optoelectronic sensors were examined. In this study, the quantum detection (QDE) and the energy absorption efficiency (EAE) of CeBr3 were calculated. The findings were compared with data for

10
×
10
×
10
 
m

m

3

Lu3Al5O12:Ce and CaF2:Eu single crystals. The measured optical spectrum produced by CeBr3 was well correlated with the spectral response of commercial optical sensors, yielding spectral matching higher than 93% for various photocathodes, e.g., GaAs (94%), E-S20 (95%), and bialkali and multialkali (95-97%), as well as with flat panel position-sensitive photomultipliers (95-99%). The energy absorption properties of CeBr3 were found higher than those of Lu3Al5O12:Ce and CaF2:Eu for X-ray tube voltages greater than 100 kVp. The quantum detection efficiency was 100% across the examined energy range. Even though CeBr3 is hygroscopic and has a mediocre 5.1 g/cm3 density, the QDE, EAE, and spectral correlation results are promising for medical imaging applications.
Combined Acupoints for the Treatment of Patients with Obesity: An Association Rule Analysis
Authors: Lu Ping-Hsun , Chen Yu-Yang , Tsai Fu-Ming , Liao Yuan-Ling , Huang Hui-Fen , Yu Wei-Hsuan , Kuo Chan-Yen
Published: March 2022

Obesity is a prevalent metabolic disease that increases the risk of other diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. A meta-analysis of 11 randomized sham-controlled trials indicates that acupuncture had adjuvant benefits in improving simple obesity, and previous studies have reported that acupoint combinations were more useful than single-acupoint therapy. The Apriori algorithm, a data mining-based analysis that finds potential correlations in datasets, is broadly applied in medicine and business. This study, based on the Apriori algorithm-based association rule analysis, found the association rules of acupoints among 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). There were 23 acupoints extracted from 11 RCTs. We used Python to calculate the association between acupoints and disease. We found the top 10 frequency acupoints were Extra12, TF4, LI4, LI11, ST25, ST36, ST44, CO4, CO18, and CO1. We investigated the 1118 association rule and found that {LI4, ST36} ≥ {ST44}, {LI4, ST44} ≥ {ST36}, and {ST36, ST44} ≥ {LI4} were the most associated rules in the data. Acupoints, including LI4, ST36, and ST44, are the core acupoint combinations in the treatment of simple obesity.
Study on Correlation between Type 2 Diabetes and No-Reflow after PCI
Authors: Zhao Su-Rui , Huang Rui , Liu Fang , Li Ya , Gong Yue , Xing Jun
Published: March 2022

Diabetes, a serious chronic disease globally, is often complicated with cardiovascular diseases for which percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the mainstay. The no-reflow rate of diabetic patients after PCI is 2-4 times higher than that of nondiabetic patients, yet the specific mechanism is still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the duration of diabetes, preoperative blood glucose level, coronary angiographic blood flow, coronary artery stenosis level, and no-reflow after PCI. A total of 131 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent PCI in our hospital from 2019 to 2020 were divided into control group and observation group. The disease duration, preoperative blood glucose level, coronary angiographic blood flow, and coronary artery stenosis level of the two groups were calculated. There were differences in the duration of diabetes between the two groups; the blood glucose level of the control group was about 3.8%, which was lower than 5.8% of the observation group; the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) value of the control group was

18.46
±
4.6

, which was lower than

20.67
±
3.9

of the observation group; The degree of coronary stenosis in the control was

63
%
±
2
%

, which was lower than

76
%
+
3
%

in the observation group. Binary logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed on these indicators and no-reflow after PCI to explore the correlation between these indicators and no-reflow after PCI in diabetic patients. The study found that the diabetes duration, higher preoperative blood glucose level, coronary angiography blood flow, and coronary artery were positively associated with no-reflow after PCI.
Altered Expression of Survivin Variants S-2B and S-WT in Breast Cancer Is Related to Adipokine Expression
Authors: Cedano-Prieto Dora Maria , Bergez-Hernandez Fernando , Leal-Leon Emir Adolfo , Garcia-Magallanes Noemi , Luque-Ortega Fred , Picos-Cardenas Veronica , Guerrero-Arambula Edna , Gutierrez-Zepeda Bricia , Romo-Martinez Enrique , Arambula-Meraz Eliakym
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the leading causes of death in women with these types of malignancies. Early detection is pivotal to improve prognosis and reduce mortality. Several proteins and genes have been proposed as biomarkers for cancer; however, further studies are required before a molecule is accepted as a definitive biomarker. This study was aimed at investigating the expression of survivin variants S-WT, S-2B, and S-ΔEx3, as well as adipokines LEP and ADIPOQ in breast cancer. Breast samples were obtained from patients with (

n
=
27

) and without (

n
=
20

) BCa, and relative gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR. S-WT and S-2B showed a significant increase in BCa samples (

p
=
0.005

and

p
=
0.001

, respectively) and in high-aggressiveness BCa (

p
=
0.026

and

p
=
0.037

, respectively). Despite S-ΔEx3 expression remained globally unchanged, when dividing BCa samples according to the stage, this gene showed a significant tendency to increase towards more advanced stages, and the exact opposite effect was observed for LEP. Furthermore, LEP expression showed a negative correlation with S-2B (

p
=
0.005

) and S-WT (

p
=
0.011

), and in the same manner, ADIPOQ was negatively related with these two survivin variants (

p
=
0.001

and

p
=
0.005

, respectively). Interestingly, S-ΔEx3 expression appears unaffected by LEP and ADIPOQ expressions. Our results highlight the importance of investigating specific variants of a given gene, as sequence variation may grant different correlation with other important structures and diseases.