bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of reproductive factors on migraine in premenopausal women: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Han Kyungdo , Lee Si Baek , Hong Yun Jeong , Oh Yoon-Sang , Park Jeong Wook
Published: July 2022

Background
Sex hormones significantly impact the risk and pattern of migraine in women. Women experience various hormonal changes associated with pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, and contraception. This study investigated the influence of reproductive factors on migraine in women.
Methods
We used the linked Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) and Korean Health Examination (KHE) databases. Reproductive factors were defined as parity, breastfeeding, and oral contraceptive use and were obtained from the KHE database. A migraine diagnosis was identified using the KNHIS database. We investigated migraine occurrence in premenopausal women between the ages of 40 and 60 years. The study population was divided into two groups depending on whether the patient was newly diagnosed with migraines during the follow-up period (2009–2018). We investigated the association between reproductive factors and migraine risk in premenopausal women.
Results
This study enrolled 1,059,579 premenopausal women. The risk of migraine tended to increase in the primiparous (HR: 1.175; 95% CI: 1.136–1.215) and multiparous groups (HR: 1.197; 95% CI: 1.161–1.235) compared to the nulliparous group. Breastfeeding (6–12 months, HR: 1.047; 95% CI: 1.029–1.066, and ≥ 12 months, HR: 1.104; 95% CI: 1.085–1.123) significantly increased migraine risk compared with not breastfeeding. All women in the oral contraceptive groups (< 1 year, HR: 1.048; 95% CI: 1.028–1.069 and ≥ 1 year, HR: 1.102; 95% CI: 1.069–1.136) showed a higher risk compared with the non-oral contraceptive group.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that the experience of childbirth, longer breastfeeding, and oral contraceptive use may be associated with higher migraine risk in premenopausal women.
Novel Composites Polymer Electrolytes Based on Methylcellulose-pectin Blend Complexed With Potassium Phosphate and Ethylene Carbonate
Authors: Adam Abdullahi Abbas , Soleimani Hassan , Shukur Muhammad Fadhlullah Bin Abd. , Dennis John Ojur , Hassan Yarima Mudassir , Abdulkadir Bashir Abubakar , Yusuf Jemilat Yetunde , Ahmed Omar Sami Sultan , Ayub Saba , Abdullahi Suleiman Shuaibu
Published: July 2022

In large-scale all-solid-state storage technologies, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) provide greater safety and longer cycle life than traditional liquid or gel polymer electrolytes. Polymer electrolytes (PEs) derived from biopolymers have been intensively explored for use in electrochemical devices due to their great flexibility, low cost, and environmental sustainability. However, biopolymer-based electrolytes cannot meet the expectations of practical applications at room temperature due to their low ionic conductivity. Over the years, improving the performance of this class of electrolytes has been the focus of intense research and development, notably polymer blending, plasticization, and structural functionalization. Here, we investigate the performance of an all-biopolymer solid electrolyte based on a methylcellulose-pectin blend doped with potassium phosphate. FESEM micrographs as well as the shifting and changing intensity of FTIR bands in the electrolyte specimens confirm the polyblend homogeneity with no phase separation. The increased amorphous fraction of the composites polymer electrolytes (CPEs) is seen in the XRD and DSC patterns of the plasticized and unplasticized samples. Impendence studies performed on the system recorded a maximum ionic conductivity of 1×10-5 Scm-1 by doping with 50 wt.% K3PO4. This value further increased to 5.9×10-5 Scm-1 upon adding 25 wt.% EC to the polymer system. This sample also possesses an electrochemical stability window of 4.24V and an ion transference number of 0.95.
High-throughput iSpinach fluorescent aptamer-based real-time monitoring of in vitro transcription
Authors: Qin Weitong , Li Liang , Yang Fan , Wang Siyuan , Yang Guangyu
Published: July 2022

In vitro transcription (IVT) is an essential technique for RNA synthesis. Methods for the accurate and rapid screening of IVT conditions will facilitate RNA polymerase engineering, promoter optimization, and screening for new transcription inhibitor drugs. However, traditional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and HPLC methods are labor intensive, time-consuming and not compatible with real time analysis. Here we developed an inexpensive, high throughput, and real-time detection method for the monitoring of in vitro RNA synthesis so-called STAR (iSpinach aptamer-based monitoring of Transcription Activity in Real-time). STAR has a detection speed at least 100 times faster than conventional PAGE method and provides comparable results in the analysis of in vitro RNA synthesis reactions. It also can be used as an easy and quantitative method to detect the catalytic activity of T7 RNA polymerase. To further demonstrate the utility of STAR, it was applied to optimize the initially transcribed region of the GFP gene and several variants were identified with obvious enhanced transcription output. STAR may provide a valuable tool for many biotechnical applications related to the transcription process, which may pave the way for the development of better RNA related enzymes and new drugs.
Observed Trends and Coherent Changes in Daily Rainfall Extremes over Greater Mumbai, 1985-2020
Authors: Mann Rohit , Gupta Anju , Dhorde Amit , Sharma Swati
Published: July 2022

Climate extremes are predicted to become more frequent and severe in the future, owing to rising green-house gas emissions in the atmosphere. Using appropriate trend indices, this study intends to analyze the effects of climate change on rainfall variability and extreme rainfall events in the millennium city of Mumbai. The analysis was carried out for the period 1985-2020 for 25 different stations that were picked using a distance-matrix method to simulate the study area's rainfall regime. To comprehend the trend and behavior of rainfall and extreme events, three statistical models were used: Mann–Kendall test, Sen's slope estimator, and simple linear regression; for abrupt change point detection, Pettitt's test, standard normal homogeneity test, Buishand's range test, and von Neumann ratio test were used. The results indicated that average annual rainfall in the study area is 2208.82 mm which is increasing at the rate of 5.18mm/year (at 99% confidence level). The frequency of heavy (>120mm/day) and extreme heavy rainfall events (250 mm/day) increased over Santacruz after 1994 and in case of Colaba, it increased after 2005. The examination of rainfall and temperature data series for abrupt change point identification suggests that several change points exist, with the highest change points occurring between 2001 and 2005. Extreme climate event scenarios shown here could have large-scale negative consequences for the ecosystem and ecological resources of the study area.
Establishment and validation of a postoperative predictive model for patients with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Pengchao , Song Qingyu , Lu Ming , Xia Qingcheng , Wang Zijun , Zhao Qinghong , Ma Xiang
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to develop comprehensive and effective nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates in patients with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (CRMA). MethodsA total of 4711 CRMA patients who underwent radical surgery between 2010 and 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were collected and randomized into development (n=3,299) and validation (n=1,412) cohorts at a ratio of 7:3 for model development and validation. OS and CSS nomograms were developed using the prognostic factors from the development cohort after multivariable Cox regression analysis. The performance of the nomograms was evaluated using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration diagrams, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsThe study included 4,711 patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that age, tumor size, grade, pT stage, pN stage, M stage, carcinoembryonic antigen, perineural invasion, tumor deposits, regional nodes examined, and chemotherapy were correlated with OS and CSS. Marital status was independently related to OS. In the development and validation cohorts, the C-index of OS was 0.766 and 0.744, respectively, and the C-index of CSS was 0.826 and 0.809, respectively. Calibration curves and ROC curves showed predictive accuracy. DCA showed that the nomograms had excellent potency over the 8th edition of TNM staging system with higher clinical net benefits. Significant differences in OS and CSS were observed among low-, medium-, and high-risk groups.ConclusionsNomograms were developed for the first time to predict personalized 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS in CRMA postoperative patients. External and internal validation confirmed the excellent discrimination and calibration ability of the nomograms. The nomograms can help clinicians design personalized treatment strategies and assist with clinical decisions.
Determination of antibiotic drug residues in milk and meat using different analytical methods: A review
Authors: Feleke Melaku Getahun , Abebe Rahel Belete , Sendekie Ashenafi Kibret , Woldeyohannis Alem Endeshaw , Kasahun Asmamaw Emagn
Published: July 2022

Veterinary antibiotics are used in livestock production for control of animal diseases and as growth promoter. The repeated application of veterinary drugs for animals may result the occurrence of residues at various concentration levels in animal derived food products. Veterinary antibiotic residue is defined as small amounts of antibiotics, or its active metabolites which persists in animal derived food products after applying it in animals for different purposes. In particular antibiotic residues occur due to extensive application of antibiotics in veterinary services produce complications not only in dairy and meat industry but also have extensive public health consequences. Deleterious effects of drug residues residing in animal derived food products may induce carcinogenic and mutagenic effects and leads to the condition of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial allergy in the individuals who consume animal derived food products. Accordingly, it is important to effectively control antibiotic residues in animal derived food products. For that reason, regulatory authorities have enacted maximum residue limits (MRLs) for a number of veterinary drugs in different animal derived food products (milk, eggs and meat). Performing effective monitoring program requires specific, sensitive and reliable analytical methods that can identify all veterinary drug residues under regulated levels (MRL).
Stratigraphic sequence and Deformation Style of the Part of a Geologically Complex Terrain, NW Himalayas, Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Majid , Khan Muhammad Yasin
Published: July 2022

The project area forms the outer rim of Northwestern Himalayan Syntaxis in Sub-Himalayan and Lesser Himalayan rock sequences of Hazara area, Pakistan. The detail scale studies may produce a well presentation of deformational style of structurally unexplored project area. The study deals with the stratigraphic sequence and structural style of geologically complex Himalayan Terrain. The Stratigraphic Formations mapped on ArcGIS 10.4 includes Precambrian to Cambrian unconformable rock sequences of Hazara Formation, Tanawal Formation and Abbottabad Formation intruded by a Paleozoic Manshera granite, Eocene Kuldana Formation and the Quaternary alluvium along drainage. The structural deformations includes folds such as Ghari Habibullah syncline, Ghari Habibullah overturned anticline, Besian overturned anticline and Balakot overturned anticline. The folds are either northwest-southeast trending or northeast-southwest trending, northeast or southwest vergent and close to tight in nature. The Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Panjal Thrust (PT) and Balakot Bagh Fault (B-B fault) are regional faults, reverse and thrust as well as active in nature.
Clinical effects of combined anteversion and offset on postoperative dislocation in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Matsuda Kenta , Nakamura Shigeru , Hidaka Ryo , Nakamura Masaki , Kawano Hirotaka
Published: July 2022

Background
Implant impingement and soft tissue tension are factors involved in dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Combined anteversion (CA) has been used as an indicator for implant placement; however, placing implants optimally remains challenging. Moreover, the effect of changes in offset on dislocation remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the effects of postoperative CA and pre- and postoperative changes in offset on dislocation.
Methods
We included patients who underwent primary cementless THA performed between 2013 and 2020. The mean values of CA and offset in the dislocation and non-dislocation groups were compared. The CA values within ± 10% of the recommended values were defined as good CA, and those outside the range were defined as poor CA. The dislocation rates in the good and poor CA groups and in the groups with and without increased offset were compared.
Results
A total of 283 hips were included. The mean values of CA in the dislocation and non-dislocation groups were significantly different (p < 0.001). The dislocation rate was significantly lower in the good CA group (p < 0.05). The dislocation rates in the groups with and without increased total offset were 0.5% and 4.3%, respectively (p = 0.004). There were no dislocations in patients with good CA and increased offset.
Conclusions
The dislocation rate was significantly lower when implants were placed within ± 10% of the recommended CA value. Our results suggest that dislocation can be avoided by placing the implant in the good CA range and considering the increase in total offset on the operative side.
Ex-situ Biological Removal of Nitrate from Groundwater with Sterile and Non-sterile Porous media (Lab Experiment and Simulation)
Authors: Samani Farideh Ansari , Tabatabaei Sayyed-Hassan , Abbasi Fariborz , Nourmahnad Negar , Rabiee Mohammad
Published: July 2022

Nitrate is potentially harmful in an aquatic environment however it can be converted into other forms by microbial activities. In this research, we tested the efficiency of nitrate removal by using a denitrification bed containing two porous media; sterile soil (SS) and non-sterile soil (NSS). A Marriott column which is making constant water flux and a Plexiglas column filled with a clay loam soil, respectively. Potassium nitrate used to make different nitrate concentrations including 24, 50 and 100 (mg l− 1). The nitrate was injected up to ten pore volumes (PV( .The solute transfer parameters were estimated by using soil hydraulic parameters at HYDRUS model. As result, the growth of bacteria and the concentration of pollutants in the output of the column decreased in SS media. In the NSS with a concentration of 100 mg/ l nitrate, the number of bacteria increased to the highest, 80000 bacterial number. The presence of rival anions in the solution has a negative impact on removal of nitrate. In NSS with nitrate concentration of 24 (mg l− 1), the removal nitrate efficiency nearly 99.5 (%). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that saturated hydraulic conductivity had the greatest effect on the variations of nitrate concentration. Besides, the correlation coefficient between simulated and observed values varied between 0.90 and 0.99. Overall, the NSS with an inlet nitrate concentration of 24 (mg l− 1), the highest nitrate removal efficiency was obtained. The total amount of bacteria of NSS at the end of the experiment has been increased because of the bacteria growth.
Factors associated with good death of patients with advanced cancer: A prospective study in Japan
Authors: Ikari Tomoo , Hiratsuka Yusuke , Cheng Shao-Yi , Miyashita Mitsunori , Morita Tatsuya , Mori Masanori , Uneno Yu , Amano Koji , Uehara Yuko , Yamaguchi Takashi , Maeda Isseki , Inoue Akira
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
It is important for palliative care providers to identify what factors are associated with "good death" for patients with advanced cancer. We aimed to clarify factors associated with "good death" evaluated by the Good Death Scale (GDS) score among inpatients with advanced cancer in palliative care units (PCUs) in Japan.
Methods:
The study is a sub-analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study conducted in Japan. All variables were recorded on a structured data collecting sheet designed for the study. We classified each patient into better GDS group or worse GDS group, and examined factors associated with better GDS using multivariate analysis.
Results:
Between January to December in 2017, 1896 patients were enrolled across 22 PCUs in Japan. Among them, a total of 1157 patients were evaluated. Five variables were significantly associated with a better GDS score in multivariate analysis: preferred place of death at PCU (odds ratio [OR] 2.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.72–4.71; p < 0.01), longer survival time (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.03; p < 0.01), not sudden death (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.27–3.04; p < 0.01), better spiritual well-being Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale in the last 3 days in life (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.42–0.68; p < 0.01) and better communication between patient and family (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.66–0.98; p = 0.03).
Conclusions:
We clarified factors associated with "good death" using GDS among advanced cancer patients in Japanese PCUs. Recognition of factors associated with GDS could improve the quality of end-of-life care.
A Factor Set Based GNSS Fault Detection and Exclusion for Vehicle Navigation in Urban Environments
Authors: Chen Hanzhi , Sun Rui , Cheng Qi , Yang Lei
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of safety critical applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) fault detection and exclusion (FDE) methods have made navigation systems increasingly reliable. However, in multi-fault scenarios of urban environments, FDE methods generally demand massive calculations and have a high risk of missed detection and false alarm. To deal with this issue, we proposed a factor set based FDE algorithm for the integration of GNSS and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU). The FDE is first performed efficiently via consistency checking over far fewer subsets of the pseudorange. Afterwards, the FDE results are validated by missed-detection and false-alarm checks. The missed-detection-check factor is designed by predicting the maximum horizontal GNSS positioning error, while the false-alarm-check factor is designed with the aid of IMU mechanization. Following FDE, a loosely coupled GNSS/IMU integration is carried out to output the final estimation of the position, velocity and attitude of the vehicle. The proposed algorithm improved both horizontal and 3D positioning accuracy by more than 50% in the field test, compared to the traditional GNSS/IMU loosely coupled scheme. Additionally, with the proposed algorithm, the resultant accuracy of the velocity and of the heading angle were improved by over 20% and 50% respectively.
Coal Country Supports Climate Policy in Exchange for Transition Assistance
Authors: Gazmararian Alexander
Published: July 2022

Fossil fuel communities often oppose climate policy due to the concentrated costs they anticipate. How could climate policy be designed to win support for decarbonization in fossil fuel communities? We leverage an original sampling strategy -- fielding surveys at county fairs -- to access this hard-to-reach population. Employing a multi-attribute policy experiment, we find that policies reducing transition costs, such as investments in worker healthcare and pensions and income compensation, increase support for transition assistance. In turn, respondents report willingness to back climate policy coupled with assistance for workers and community members. The findings suggest that smart policy design can build climate coalitions for decarbonization.
Effect of Game-based Training on Selected Physical Fitness Qualities among U-17 Male Volleyball Players in Injibara, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayalew Alemayehu , Belay Alemayehu , Nigeru Dagnachew
Published: July 2022

Aim
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of game-based training on selected physical fitness qualities among u-17 male volleyball players in Injibara, Ethiopia.
Method
To achieve the purpose of the study, a true experimental design with a randomized pre-test and post-test control group design was used. However, a simple random sampling technique was used to select forty male subjects and randomly assigned to two equal groups of EG (n = 20) and CG (n = 20). The ages of the subjects ranged from 15 to 17 years. Therefore, EG was exposed to a game-based training program lasting for twelve weeks, on three non-consecutive days per week, i.e., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, each lasting for two hours in the afternoon session. But CG did not perform game-based training other than the usual volleyball training given by the coach. Both groups had taken pre-test and post-test measurements. The two groups were measured by the T-test for agility, the thirty-second jump test for endurance, and the vertical jump test for power. The collected data for this study was analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics. In sum, all the statistical tests were calculated using SPSS version 26 software. However, the level of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Finally, the test results were interpreted and displayed in tables in connection to physical fitness qualities.
Results
According to the analyzed data, the results obtained from the EG showed significant changes in agility, endurance, and power but not in the CG.
Conclusion
Based on the results, it can be concluded that 12-week game-based training has a positive effect on the improvement of selected physical fitness qualities.
Optimizing Structure and Internal Unit Weights of Echo State Network for an Efficient LMS-based Online Training
Authors: Saadat Javad , Farshad Mohsen , Eliasi Hossein
Published: July 2022

Echo State Network (ESN) is a special type of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) wherein a dynamic reservoir is used in the hidden layer, the weight of internal units of ESN is kept fix during training process, and output weights are the only trainable weights. Therefore, network training in an offline mode can be changed into a linear regression equation which is simply solved, although it is required to use online training of ESN in some applied problems. Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm can provide an easy and constant method for online training of ESN; however, the huge eigenvalue spreads of the correlation matrix of internal network states reduces the speed of the algorithm convergence. In this study, Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) is used to optimally produce the structure and weight of internal network units. It is possible to significantly reduce the eigenvalue spreads of correlation matrix of network states by means of this algorithm. Thereafter, LMS algorithm is used for the online training of ESN built with the help of HSA. Already-obtained simulation results show that the eigenvalue spreads of the correlation matrix are reduced millions of times and LMS algorithm increases online training speed of the network several times with an acceptable precision of training.
Segmental hair analysis - a retrospective testosterone diary?
Authors: Preinbergs Julia K , Ström Jakob O , Theodorsson Elvar , Ingberg Edvin
Published: July 2022

Background
Testosterone is thought to be incorporated in growing hair strands so that specific hair segments reflect average free hormone concentrations from the corresponding time period. However, the exact mechanisms of hormone integration in scalp hair have not yet been established and it is not known how testosterone is stored in the hair segments over time. The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of testosterone concentrations in hair as it grows and to determine if segmental hair analysis can be used as a retrospective testosterone diary.
Methods
Thirty men and 40 women provided two hair samples and 16 saliva samples during a period of three months. Hair growth between the two samplings was measured. Hair samples were cut into 10 mm segments resulting in three segments from the first sampling and six segments from the second sampling. Hair samples were pulverised and extracted with methanol. Hair testosterone concentrations were analysed using an in-house radioimmunoassay. Salivary testosterone was analysed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Demeditec).
Results
The results demonstrated that there is a degree of segmental hormone conservation over time (rho = 0.405–0.461, p < 0.001, n = 66–67), but also highlighted three potential confounders. Firstly, testosterone concentrations were higher in distal hair segments (mean concentration ratio most distal by most scalp-near was 1.55, SD 0.70), which may be due to continuous hormone integration from sebum and changes in hair matrix composition. Secondly, more frequent hair washing stunted the increase in testosterone concentrations in distal segments (rho=-0.404, p = < 0.001, n = 66). And lastly, intra- and inter- individual variability in hair growth rate influenced the temporal resolution along the hair, although mean growth rate was indeed 30.0 mm for three months. In a multiple regression model the biological sex, natural hair colour, and relationship status were significant explanatory variables to hair testosterone concentrations.
Conclusions
The current results indicate that repeated hair sampling near the hair roots during a study may be preferable to analysing concentration changes between proximal and distal segments within the same hair sample. Also, hair testosterone analysis needs to be adjusted for sex and the natural hair colour.
Epidemiological and survival analysis of early and middle stage femoral head necrosis
Authors: Zhao Gang , Liu Yujie , An Mingyang , Wang Jiangtao , Li Haipeng , Li Zhongli , Li Chunbao
Published: July 2022

Objective: To investigate the venereal characteristics and survival time of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH).Methods: 970 patients with early and mid-term ONFH in our hospital from 1998 to 2014 were selected for epidemiological study. The general and clinical data of patients, including age, gender, etiology, alcohol intake, hormone use, body mass index and femoral head survival years, were collected by telephone, outpatient recurrence and other methods for statistics and analysis.Results: among 970 patients, there were 694 males and 276 females, with an average age of 40.87 ± 10.42 years. The average age of onset in women is younger than that in men. Male patients have a high incidence of alcoholic ONFH and female patients have a high incidence of hormonal ONFH. There was no significant difference in the duration of hormone use between hormone and alcohol combined necrosis and hormone induced ONFH, but the onset time was significantly shortened. The drinking history of female mixed bad death was higher than that of male, and the amount of alcohol consumed in a single week was greater than that of pure alcohol bad death, but the drinking years showed a downward trend. The survival time of people over 50 years old is higher than that of other age groups. The survival time of alcoholic necrosis is significantly longer than that of the other three types of necrosis, and the worst survival time is hormone necrosis. The analysis of disease stage survival showed that the lower the classification, the better the prognosis, and vice versa. Low weight patients have a longer survival time in the femoral head, while overweight people have a shorter survival time.Conclusion: this epidemiological study of early and medium-term femoral head necrosis has refined the intake characteristics of hormone and alcohol factors, analyzed the distribution characteristics of the disease, and made a detailed survival analysis of the femoral head, laying a solid foundation for further research.
Suppressed magnetic scattering sets conditions for the emergence of 40 T high-field superconductivity in UTe2
Authors: Helm Toni , Kimata Motoi , Sudo Kenta , Miyata Atsuhiko , Stirnat Julia , Forster Tobias , Hornung Jacob , König Markus , Sheikin Ilya , Pourret Alexandre , Lapertot Gérard , Aoki Dai , Brison Jean-Pascal , Knebel Georg , Wosnitza Jochen
Published: July 2022

The potential spin-triplet heavy-fermion superconductor UTe2 exhibits signatures of multiple distinct superconducting phases. For field aligned along the b axis a metamagnetic transition occurs at μ0Hm ≈ 35 T. It is associated with a spin reorientation inducing magnetic fluctuations that may be beneficial for the field-enhanced superconductivity surviving up to Hm. Once the field is tilted away from the b towards the c axis, a re-entrant superconducting phase emerges just above Hm(θ). However, under pressure this phase detaches from Hm. In order to better understand this remarkably field-resistant phase we investigate magnetic torque and electrical magnetotransport in pulsed magnetic fields. The observed zero-Hall signal evidences the superconducting nature of this distinct high-field phase. We determine its record-breaking upper critical field of μ0Hc2 ≈ 75 T. Furthermore, we provide evidence for a strong angle-dependent reduction of magnetic scattering, likely accompanied by changes in the electronic band structure induced by the tilted field.
Effect of isokinetic vs free weight on the magnitude of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of elbow flexors in well-trained men
Authors: Halmenschlager Gustavo H. , Cabral Hélio V. , Silva Jefferson L. , Salles Belmiro F. , Oliveira Liliam F. , Matta Thiago T.
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The effect of eccentric exercise-induce muscle damage (EIMD) on elbow flexors is commonly analyzed after exercises performed at isokinetic dynamometers. However, it is possible that the magnitude of eccentric EIMD be different between exercises performed at free weights. Herein we compared the effect of eccentric exercise performed either with free weight (FW) or isokinetic dynamometer (ID) on the magnitude of elbow flexors EIMD in well-trained men.
Methods
Seventeen men were randomly assigned to FW (n = 8) and ID (n = 9) groups and were asked to perform four sets of 10 maximal eccentric contractions. Peak maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle thickness and echo intensity of elbow flexors were measured immediately before (baseline) and during each of the following four days after the intervention.
Results
For both ID and FW groups, the MVIC decreased immediately post (37%), 24 (26%), 48 (25%), 72 (20%) and 96 h (18%) after (P < 0.001). When compared to baseline, the DOMS increased across days (~ 4 cm; P < 0.001). The muscle thickness increased immediately after exercise for both protocols (~ 12%; P < 0.001), while no differences across days were observed for echo intensity (P > 0.285). No differences between groups were observed for the indirect markers.
Conclusions
Eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors performed with different resistance modalities induces EIMD with similar magnitude and duration in well-trained men. The free weight eccentric exercise can be used by trained subjects or trainers with comparable effects to isokinetic dynamometer machine.
Long-term electrical energy demand forecasting by using artificial intelligence techniques – a case study of Turkey
Authors: Ozdemir Gulcihan
Published: July 2022

The article provides a long term forecast for gross annual electrical energy demand of Turkey by using socio-economic indicators such as gross domestic product, population, import and export values. The technics artificial neural networks (ANNs), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and quadratic models among metaheuristic algorithms which are genetic algorithms (GA), differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are applied to precisely formulate the relationship between the historical data and the forecasted data. The simulations are done on the actual energy demand data between the years 1975 through 2017. The performances provided by each model are evaluated over the training period. Future estimations of annual gross electrical energy demand of Turkey are projected up to 2030 under different scenarios. The methods are compared with five error metrics to determine the best model for forecasting. The mean average percentage error of all models is obtained within the range of high forecasting quality. Overall the best performance is obtained by the quadratic model with GA. Simulations are done on MATLAB™ platform.
The multi-target regulation of cytokine storm by transcription factor Blimp-1
Authors: Qin Qiushi , Li Rui , Li Lan , Zhang Yue , Deng Shuwei , Zhu Liuluan
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveCytokine storm syndrome is a fatal condition related to infectious and autoimmune diseases. Here we aim to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of Blimp-1 on cytokine storm.Methods The Blimp1 shRNA was transfected into RAW264.7 macrophages, followed by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand stimulation. The mRNA and protein levels of cytokines were detected by real-time PCR and flow cytometric bead array. The genomic binding sites of Blimp-1 were analyzed with chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq). The nuclear translocation of AP-1 and NF-κB p65 were measured by immunofluorescence staining.Results Blimp-1 significantly inhibited the expression and secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 in macrophages during stimulation with a variety of TLR ligands. ChIP-seq data showed that Blimp-1 stably combined with the promoters of Il1b and Tnf and the enhancers of Il6 and Il18, indicating a direct transcriptional repression of Blimp-1 on the pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, Blimp-1 strictly controlled nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in LPS-challenged macrophages, suggesting the regulatory mechanism of Blimp-1 on NF-κB activation.ConclusionBlimp-1 represses the production of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines by directly binding the genomic region and restricting NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. This finding may provide potential therapeutic strategies for the cytokine storm-related diseases.
A systematically biosynthetic investigation of lactic acid bacteria reveals diverse antagonistic bacteriocins that potentially shape the human microbiome
Authors: Zhang Dengwei , Zhang Jian , Kalimuthu Shanthini , Liu Jing , Song Zhiman , He Bei-bei , Cai Peiyan , Zhong Zheng , Feng Chenchen , Neelakantan Prasanna , Li Yong-Xin
Published: July 2022

Background: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce various bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which endow LAB with a protective role for the host. However, the biosynthetic potentials of LAB-derived SMs remain elusive, particularly in their diversity, abundance, and distribution in the human microbiome. Thus, it is still unknown to what extent LAB-derived SMs are involved in microbiome homeostasis.Results: Here, we systematically investigate the biosynthetic potential of LAB from 31,977 LAB genomes, identifying 130,051 BGCs of 2,849 gene cluster families (GCFs). Most of these GCFs are species-specific or even strain-specific and uncharacterized yet. Analyzing 748 human-associated metagenomes, we gain an insight into the profile of LAB BGCs, which are highly diverse and niche-specific in the human microbiome. We discover that most LAB BGCs may encode bacteriocins with pervasive antagonistic activities predicted by machine learning models, potentially playing protective roles in the human microbiome. Class II bacteriocins, one of the most abundant and diverse LAB SMs, are particularly enriched and predominant in the vaginal microbiomes. Together with experimental validation, our metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis show that antagonistic class II bacteriocins potentially regulate microbial communities in the vagina, thereby contributing to microbiome homeostasis. Conclusions: Our study systematically investigates LAB biosynthetic potential and their profile in the human microbiome, linking them to the antagonistic contributions to microbiome homeostasis via omics analysis. These discoveries of the diverse and prevalent antagonistic SMs are expected to stimulate the mechanism study of LAB’s protective roles for the microbiome and host, highlighting the potential of LAB and their bacteriocins as therapeutic alternatives.
Research on Adaptive Optimization of Control Parameters of Gravity Shaking Table
Authors: YOU Keshun , LIU Huizhong
Published: July 2022

When image processing and machine vision technology are used to extract features from the image of the ore belt of the shaking table, so as to realize the analysis of the processing index, the deep learning target detection algorithm can accurately extract the coordinate information of the separation point of the boundary line of the ore belt, but it can not realize the monitoring of the processing state of the shaking table, as a result, the current research is still in the process of replacing manual development of automatic mineral interception systems and optimization of single control parameters. In order to realize the adaptive optimization of the multiple control parameters of the shaking table, in this paper, the multi-scale feature extraction of the ore belt is first realized through the deep learning semantic segmentation algorithm, and then a relationship model between the ore belt and the beneficiation efficiency, and the control model between the ore belt and the operation parameters with high precision performance are constructed, finally, an adaptive optimization method of control parameters of the shaking table based on maximizing beneficiation efficiency is proposed. The research results show that the deep learning vision algorithm used in this paper can extract the image features of the ore belt with the largest dimension, which lays an important foundation for the construction of a reliable benefication process model of shaking table by using the machine learning method of smart optimized support vector regression, which can solve the problem of meeting the industrial requirements even when the sample quantity is limited. Combining the researches of machine vision and machine learning in ore belt identification and real-time monitoring of beneficiation processing, the proposed optimization method can realize the continuous optimization of multiple control parameters of the shaking table, and the optimization results have a good guarantee.
Quantification of Aquatic Unicellular Diazotrophs by Immunolabeled Flow Cytometry
Authors: Zeev Edo Bar , Geisler Eyal , Siebner Hagar , Rahav Eyal
Published: July 2022

Unicellular diazotrophs are recognized as important contributors to the aquatic nitrogen cycle. Yet, quantifying the number of aquatic diazotrophs, especially the unicellular fraction, is highly challenging and relies mostly on microscopical and molecular approaches. In this study a new method was developed to quantify unicellular diazotrophs by combining immunolabeling the nitrogenase enzyme and flow cytometry. The quantification method was initially developed using a diazotrophic monoculture (Vibrio natriegens) and verified by different controls as well as various auxiliary approaches such as N2 fixation and confocal laser scanning microscopy. It was evident that only 15–20% of the total number of V. natriegens cells have synthesized the nitrogenase enzyme, even though the media was anaerobic, and N limited. This approach was further tested on field samples collected from marine and freshwater environments. It was found that the number of unicellular diazotrophs sampled from the Mediterranean Sea comprised 0.1% of the total bacteria, while 4.7% along the Jordan River. Nevertheless, N2 fixation per cell was highest in the Mediterranean Sea (~ 90 attmole N cell− 1 d− 1), while lower in the lake and the river (1.4 to 0.3 attmole N cell− 1 d− 1, respectively). Following the above, it is expected that this direct quantification approach will provide new insights on the number and specific contribution of unicellular diazotrophs to total N2 fixation in marine and freshwater environments.
Effect of Reynolds Number on Impact Force and Collision Process of a Low-Velocity Droplet Colliding with a Wall Carrying an Equal-Mass Deposited Droplet
Authors: Lv Qian , Li Jingyin , Guo Penghua , Zhang Bin , Tang Pengbo
Published: July 2022

The impact force and collision process of a glycerol or a glycerol aqueous solution droplet colliding with a horizontal wall carrying an equal-mass deposited droplet are presented. A piezoelectric sensor-based force measurement platform, a high-speed camera and the volume-of-fluid numerical simulation method were used to measure the impact force and to explore the underlying mechanism. Results indicate the collision can be categorized into two regimes in terms of Reynolds number, i.e. a viscous regime and an inertial regime. For the collision in the viscous regime, two high-pressure regions are formed first at the edge and center of the deposited droplet. Then the two high pressures will drop slowly. This results in a single-peak force-time curve. For the collision in the inertial regime, an annular jet is formed first between the two droplets, with a high-pressure region generated at the center of the deposited droplet. The falling of the annular jet on the wall leads to a pressure rise at the edge of the deposited droplet. The edge pressure then increases further, resulting in a second force peak. The annular jet is key for the occurrence of double-peak force–time curve and a sign of the inertial regime. The Reynolds number of the regime boundary is about 101 to 107. The dimensionless impact peak force decreases gradually with Reynolds number in the viscous regime and changes slightly in the inertial regime.
Modeling and simulation of a stand-alone solar system over a wide range of rising in temperatures
Authors: Shukir Samhar Saeed
Published: July 2022

The exhaustion of conventional resources and its effect on climate requires an urgent need for the substitute power resources to attain energy demand. Solar energy is an infinite, a futuristic, non-polluting, diverse applications, Low installation and maintenance cost. This paper presents the complete design of a 10kw, stand –alone rooftop solar system, and describes the impact of an effective implementation of a power system and a control system on the performance of the project. The power system in this project consists of an array of half cut cell PV modules, and an inverter based on Mn-Zn ferrite transformer to boost the D.C voltage generated by the PV modules. Control system includes voltage regulator based on PI controller and SPWM generator. Voltage regulator generates three modulating signals used by SPWM to generate pulses to switch 6 IGBT inverter at a certain switching angles. The proposed system is implemented in the MATLAM/simulink. Simulation results indicate that an effective implementation of the power system and the control system will provide a high quality rated voltage with minimal limits of the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) and acceptable values of the modulation index (m) over a wide range of increasing in temperatures.
A Facile Approach: Carbon Activation of Palm Shell Using Gel Type Activating Agent for Enhanced Porous Structure Electrodes
Authors: Kandasamy Senthil Kumar , Ramyea R , Ravi Bharanisree , Michalska Monika
Published: July 2022

This study is geared towards the promises of palm shell as a renewable substitute for the electrode material of supercapacitor as well as the usage of gel (10 g of NaOH, 20 g of PVA and 300 ml of distilled water) for carbon activation. Carbonaceous materials have received continuous interest as suitable materials for EDLC electrodes because of their high surface area, chemical compatibility, and large network of pores. Despite the potential benefits of carbon-based materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon aerogels, their usage has been reportedly challenged by scarcity, cost, and most importantly agglomeration effects in the fabrication process . High surface area, tunable pore size, abundance, wide temperature range, and low-cost are all advantages of activated carbon obtained from biomass. Palm shell was activated using a chemical activation technique. The structural and physiochemical properties of activated carbon derived from palm shell were studied and analyzed using XRD, FTIR, and BET measurements. The electrochemical properties of the fabricated electrodes from chemically activated carbon derived from palm shell were studied and analysed using cyclic voltammetry , galvanostatic charge discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. With a surface area of 216.062 m2g-1 and a pore volume of 0.1468 cm3g-1, gel-based activation is used for the activated carbon production.
Competitive effects of the macroalgae Caulerpa taxifolia on key physiological processes in the scleratinian coral Turbinaria peltata under thermal stress
Authors: Fu Jian Rong , Zhou Jie , Yang Hui Ting , Zhou Jia Li , Zhang Yan Ping , Liu Li
Published: July 2022

With the degradation of coral reefs induced by climate change and local environmental stressors, an increasing abundance of macroalgae is observed in many reefs. The sublethal damage caused by macroalgae on coral included inhibiting growth, development and reproduction. However, few studies have focused on the dynamics of the interspecific relationship between coral and macroalgae, which may change under climate change. Thus, the effects of thermal stress on the competition between the plate-like coral Turbinaria peltata and macroalgae Caulerpa taxifolia were explored in this study. The responses of corals exposed to the culture water of algae and those in direct contact with algae were also compared. The results showed that at ambient temperature (27 °C), coculture with C. taxifolia reduced the growth rate and protein content of T. peltata by 57.7~65.5% and 37.2~49.0%, respectively, and significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Direct contact with C. taxifolia enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes further compared to coral exposed to algae. The density and chlorophyll a content of symbiotic zooxanthellae were not obviously influenced based on whether the coral T. peltata was cultured with C. taxifolia. When the temperature was increased by 3 °C, the growth rate of T. peltata decreased to the level of corals exposed to C. taxifolia at ambient temperature, whereas the same pattern was seen in the increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, the density and chlorophyll a content of symbiotic zooxanthellae, as well as the feeding rate of coral, showed an evident decrease with increasing temperature. However, thermal stress was only shown in the feeding rate when T. peltata was in indirect contact with C. taxifolia. The interaction of macroalgae contact and thermal stress was evident in the growth rate, protein content, feeding rate and catalase activity (CAT) of coral compared to coral intact with algae under ambient temperature. These results indicated that the negative effects of the macroalgae C. taxifolia on the coral T. peltata are comparable to those of ocean warming, and the competition between corals and macroalgae may be more intense under thermal stress.