bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the therapeutic effect of Kirschner wire tension band combined with anchor cross-stitch technique in the treatment of comminuted patellar inferopolar fractures
Authors: Duan SiYu , Zhang He , Liang HaiRui , Xu RongDa , Sun Ming , Liu Hanfei , Zhou XueTing , Wen Hang , Cai ZhenCun
Published: May 2024

Purposes

Fractures of the inferior patellar pole, unlike other patellar fractures, present challenges for traditional surgical fixation methods. This article introduces the clinical technique and outcomes of using Kirschner wire tension band combined with anchor screw cross-stitch fixation for comminuted inferior patellar pole fractures.

Methods

This retrospective case series study included 14 patients with comminuted inferior patellar pole fractures treated at our institution from September 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022. All patients underwent surgery using the Kirschner wire tension band with anchor screw cross-stitch technique. Follow-up assessments involved postoperative X-rays to evaluate fracture healing, as well as clinical parameters such as healing time, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, range of motion (ROM), and Bostman scores.

Results

All patients were followed for an average of over 12 months, with no cases of internal fixation failure. Knee joint stability and function were excellent. X-rays revealed an average healing time of approximately 10.79 ± 1.53 weeks, hospitalization lasted 5.64 ± 1.15 days, surgery took approximately 37.86 ± 5.32 minutes, and intraoperative blood loss was 33.29 ± 8.15 ml. One patient experienced irritation from the internal fixation material. At the final follow-up, the Bostman score averaged 28.29 ± 0.83, knee joint flexion reached 131.07° ± 4.88°, all patients achieved full knee extension, and the VAS score was 0.36 ± 0.63.

Conclusion

Kirschner wire tension band with anchor screw cross-stitch fixation for comminuted inferior patellar pole fractures delivered satisfactory clinical outcomes. This surgical method, characterized by its simplicity and reliability, is a valuable addition to clinical practice.
From ultrasound to microscopy: Actualities in thyroid investigation in cattle
Authors: Eppe Justine , Raguet Elise , Petrossians Patrick , Czaplicki Sébastien , Bayrou Calixte , Rollin Frédéric , Toppets Vinciane , Guyot Hugues
Published: May 2024

Thyroid ultrasonography examination is widely used in human and small animal medicine. However, it has rarely been applied in cattle. The aim of this study was to determine whether the measurements of the thyroid gland by ultrasound examination correlate to those taken during post-mortem examination. A sample of 22 cows and 23 calves was selected for thyroid gland evaluation. An ultrasound scan was performed ante-mortem, followed by euthanasia (for medical reasons) or slaughtered in the food chain and the dissection of the thyroid gland was therefore performed. Post-mortem, the gland was weighed and its dimensions and volume measured. The volume and weight measurements were compared with the predicted ones on US using the formulas available in the literature. Finally, histological examination was performed on thyroid glands. The dimensions of the thyroid gland measured by ultrasonography were significantly different (p<0.05) from those observed post-mortem, except for lobe lengths in calves (p>0.1). However, in calves, there was no systematic bias between the ultrasound and post-mortem examination of the thyroid gland, which were concordant (with an average error of 18%). Cystic lesions were observed on ultrasound in 9/22 cows and could be found on histological examination in 7 of these. Other lesions, such as follicular hypoplasia and hyperplasia, were seen on histological examination but not on ultrasound. Although the ultrasound measurements did not significantly correlate with those taken post-mortem, this examination may allow to differentiate non-standard thyroids in the case of hyperplastic goiter, as demonstrated in other species. This study also describes and illustrates interesting lesions of the thyroid gland in cattle. These findings are innovative in the description of the use of thyroid ultrasound in cattle, although further studies are needed to allow deeper conclusions.
Microbial extracellular vesicles contribute to antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Jiang Bowei , Lai Yi , Xiao Wenhao , Zhong Tianyu , Liu Fengping , Gong Junjie , Huang Junyun
Published: May 2024

With the escalating global antimicrobial resistance crisis, there is an urgent need for innovative strategies against drug-resistant microbes. Accumulating evidence indicates microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, comprehensively elucidating the roles and mechanisms of microbial EVs in conferring resistance could provide new perspectives and avenues for novel antimicrobial approaches. In this review, we systematically examine current research on antimicrobial resistance involving bacterial, fungal, and parasitic EVs, delineating the mechanisms whereby microbial EVs promote resistance. Finally, we discuss the application of bacterial EVs in antimicrobial therapy.
Media narratives on (Ecological) sustainability: A topic modeling analysis of entrepreneurship news in the MENA region
Authors: Hager Malte , Alzafari Khaled , Rashid Lubna
Published: May 2024

Amidst the increasing ecological pressures arising from industrial activity and consumerism, with particularly tangible impacts outside of the global north, the private sector is being held accountable to reduce its environmental footprint and transition to sustainable business models and processes. Nevertheless, perceptions of sustainability and its dimensions largely vary between cultures and contexts, while local media discourses both shape and reflect those concepts and narratives. This in turn shapes sustainability practices and the nature and impacts of emerging entrepreneurial business activity. Given the dearth of sustainability research in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) and the region’s extreme vulnerability to climate change, pollution, draughts combined with political instability and institutional fragility, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of media narratives at the intersection of sustainability and entrepreneurship in the region. This was done by means of the machine learning method of topic modelling on two datasets of 486 and 217 news media articles extracted from a major regional English-language news outlet, followed by a manual content analysis of the extracted topics and articles. We find that the term sustainability is highly associated with economic prosperity and that ecology-related themes are often formulated in terms of financial gain, for instance transitioning out of oil & gas dependence. We find a surprising lack of focus on water scarcity and biodiversity, coupled with a welcomed focus on the energy transition, recycling, urban mobility, as well as social networking and minority integration. Our findings hence provide a nuanced contextual understanding of sustainability, which may support businesses and decision-makers alike in (re)defining priorities and reflecting upon the status quo and necessary next steps in the transition to more sustainable societies.
Insurer-Mandated Medication Utilization Barriers are Associated With Decreased Insurance Satisfaction and Adverse Clinical Outcomes: An Inflammatory Bowel Disease Partners Survey
Authors: Constant Brad D. , Long Millie D. , Scott Frank I. , Higgins Peter D.R.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Insurer-mandated barriers to timely initiation of advanced therapies used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been shown to worsen clinical outcomes and increase healthcare utilization, yet rarely alter the medication ultimately prescribed.

METHODS:

We conducted a survey within the IBD Partners longitudinal cohort to evaluate the frequency and patient-reported impacts of medication utilization barriers on insurance satisfaction and clinical outcomes. Barriers included medication denials, prior authorizations, and forced medication switches. Variables associated with insurance satisfaction, measured on a 1–7 Likert scale, were identified. The association between insurance-related barriers and downstream clinical outcomes (surgery, corticosteroid requirement, and disease activity) were evaluated.

RESULTS:

Two thousand seventeen patients (age 45 [interquartile range 34–58] years, 73% female) were included. Seventy-two percent experienced an insurer-mandated barrier, most commonly prior authorizations (51%). Fifteen percent were denied an IBD medication by their insurer, 22% experienced an insurance-related gap in therapy, and 8% were forced by their insurer to switch from an effective medication. Insurance satisfaction was negatively associated with medication denials, prior authorization-related delays, gaps in therapy, and high-deductible health plan coverage. In the year following the initial survey, several insurance barriers were linked to negative downstream clinical outcomes, including prior authorizations associated with corticosteroid rescue (odds ratio [OR] 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–4.00), forced medication switches associated with continued disease activity (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.56–6.89), and medication denials associated with IBD-related surgery (OR 8.92, 95% CI 1.97–40.39).

DISCUSSION:

These data illustrate the frequency and negative impacts of insurer-mandated medication barriers on patients with IBD, including decreased insurance satisfaction and negative downstream clinical outcomes.
Von Mystifizierung zu reflektierter Gestaltung von EdTech
Authors: Hartong Sigrid , Renz André
Published: May 2024

In diesem Beitrag führen wir in den Sammelband ein. Wir beschreiben, was wir mit dem Begriff 'Mystifizierung von EdTech' meinen und wo wir Wissenslücken bzw. Handlungsbedarf in der pädagogischen Gestaltung von EdTech sehen. Außerdem geben wir Einblicke in den Entstehungszusammenhang des Buches und bieten Leser*innen einen 'Leseleitfaden' für die besser Orientierung.
EdTech oder AdTech?
Authors: Hartong Sigrid , Renz André
Published: May 2024

zerforschung widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie das technische Verhalten von Lern- und Schulapps nachvollzogen werden kann. Denn immer wieder stehen hinter Software, die vordergründig zu Bildungszwecken angeboten wird, Geschäftsmodelle mit Fokus auf Datensammlung und -auswertung, etwa für Werbung. Gerade im Bildungsbereich, in dem es um die hochgradig sensiblen Daten von Schüler*innen geht, erscheinen derartige Geschäftsmodelle extrem problematisch - die Funktionsweisen der App bleiben aber häufig intransparent. Deshalb stellt der Beitrag verschiedene Herangehensweisen des sogenannten Reverse Engineering vor. Diese Einblicke zeigen auch Nicht-Techniker*innen, dass IT-Sicherheit kein technisches Detail ist, sondern bereits in der Konzeption von Software mitgedacht werden muss.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru MAN 2 Kulon Progo Dalam Menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka Melalui Teknik Coaching and Mentoring
Authors: Kalimah
Published: May 2024

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun perangkat pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka melalui teknik coaching and mentoring di MAN 2 Kulon Progo.
Metode – Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan yang menggunakan model penelitian Kemis dan Mc Taggart. Model Mc Taggart ini terdiri dari empat komponen yang berurutan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi, yang dalam pelaksanaan dan pengamatannya dilakukan secara bersamaan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru MAN 2 Kulon Progo yang berjumlah 63 guru. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Adapun indikator  keberhasilan  penelitian  tindakan  ini  adalah  terjadinya peningkatan   skor   rata-rata   hasil   pemberian tindakan kepada seluruh guru pada tiap siklus, indikator, dan mencapai ketuntasan klasikal ≥80%.
Hasil – Temuan dari penelitian ini yaitu penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru MAN 2 Kulon Progo dengan menggunakan teknik coaching and mentoring dikatakan berhasil. Untuk simpulan hasil tindakan adalah pada siklus I yaitu diperoleh jumlah guru yang paham dengan rata-rata nilai sebesar 21%. Adapun guru yang tidak paham sebesar 79%. Adapun rerata nilai untuk guru yang paham pada siklus II sebesar 85,7%, dan tidak paham sebesar 14,3%. Oleh karena itu, pemberian tindakan ini dapat dikatakan berhasil
Penggunaan Media Puzzle dalam Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Materi Bangun Datar
Authors: Suripto
Published: May 2024

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki penggunaan media puzzle dalam pengajaran Bangun Datar guna meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, hasil belajar, dan kinerja guru di kelas II MI Muhammadiyah Macanmati. Melalui pendekatan yang sistematis, penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam hasil belajar siswa, kinerja guru, dan keterlibatan siswa selama proses pengajaran.
Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) 2 siklus yang masing–masing siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Tahapannya yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II MI Muhammadiyah Macanmati Kabupaten Gunungkidul dengan jumlah 22 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah dengan teknik tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif.
Hasil – Hasil dari diskusi penlitian menunjukkan pada siklus awal, hasil belajar rata-rata siswa adalah 75,91, dan ini meningkat secara signifikan menjadi 83,64 pada siklus kedua. Selain itu, tingkat penguasaan klasikal meningkat dari 77,27% pada siklus pertama menjadi 90,91% yang mengesankan pada siklus kedua. Aktivitas belajar siswa juga menunjukkan kemajuan yang mencolok, dengan peningkatan dari 62,12% (dikategorikan tinggi) pada siklus pertama menjadi 89,37% (dikategorikan sangat tinggi) pada siklus kedua. Begitu juga, penilaian kinerja guru meningkat dari 83,18 pada siklus pertama menjadi 86,31 pada siklus kedua. Oleh karena itu, jelas bahwa penggunaan media puzzle dalam pengajaran Bangun Datar telah berhasil berkontribusi pada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, dan meningkatkan kinerja guru, sesuai dengan indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditetapkan.
Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Keterampilan Siswa dalam Menulis Teks Deskriptif Melalui Penggunaan Media Photo Story
Authors: Yuliana Atik
Published: May 2024

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif pada siswa kelas VII di MTs N 4 Sleman dengan menggunakan Media Photo Story.
Metode – Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) mengikuti model Kemis dan Mc Taggart, yang terdiri dari siklus perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa kelas VII C. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi dan tes, dengan indikator keberhasilan ditetapkan pada peningkatan keaktifan dan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif dengan batas minimal 75%.
Hasil – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan keaktifan siswa dari kondisi awal ke siklus I dan II. Persentase siswa dalam kategori kurang aktif turun dari 65,6% menjadi 0%, sementara kategori sangat aktif meningkat dari 0% menjadi 50%. Keterampilan dan hasil belajar siswa juga meningkat signifikan, dengan persentase siswa yang tuntas naik dari 34,4% menjadi 100%. Implikasi penelitian ini signifikan, menunjukkan bahwa integrasi Media Photo Story dalam pengajaran bahasa dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan dan keterampilan menulis siswa. Penelitian lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk mengeksplorasi aplikasi Media Photo Story dalam berbagai setting pendidikan.
Transgenic Algorithm Applied to the Job Shop Rescheduling Problem
Authors: Beltrán-Bernal Néstor Andrés , Rodríguez-Molano José Ignacio , Mendoza-Patiño Diego Ernesto
Published: May 2024

Context: Job sequencing has been approached from a static perspective, without considering the occurrence of unexpected events that might require modifying the schedule, thereby affecting its performance measures. Method: This paper presents the development and application of a genetic algorithm to the Job Shop Rescheduling Problem (JSRP), a reprogramming of the traditional Job Shop Scheduling Problem. This novel approach seeks to repair the schedule in such a way that theoretical models accurately represent real manufacturing environments. Results: The experiments designed to validate the algorithm aim to apply five classes of disruptions that could impact the schedule, evaluating two performance measures. This experiment was concurrently conducted with a genetic algorithm from the literature in order to facilitate the comparison of results. It was observed that the proposed approach outperforms the genetic algorithm 65% of the time, and it provides better stability measures 98% of the time. Conclusions: The proposed algorithm showed favorable outcomes when tested with well-known benchmark instances of the Job Shop Scheduling Problem, and the possibility of enhancing the tool's performance through simulation studies remains open.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant Women of the II And III Trimesters in the Coastal Area East Flores District
Authors: Lamak Maria R.J. , Nayoan Christina R , Weraman Pius
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Gestational hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure in pregnant women increases up to 140/90 mmHg or more for the first time at the 20 weeks of gestation, without a history of hypertension before pregnancy and no proteinuria. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for gestational hypertension in pregnant women during the second and third trimesters who lived in the coastal areas of East Flores Regency.Method: Case-control studies were used in this study. Total the case group in this study was 16 mothers, while the control group was 16 mothers. Data were analyzed using a Chi-Square test.Results: The results of the analysis showed there are significant relationships between the age of mothers (p=0.000), parity (0.000), and the history of long-use of contraception (p=0.000 with the incidence of gestational hypertension in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters in the coastal area of East Flores Regency). The most dominant and significant variable causing gestational hypertension in pregnant women during the second and third trimesters was parity (OR=22.075; 95% CI: 0.712-684.613). However, the study also found there is no relationship of gestation hypertension with consumption of foods containing saturated fat, consumption of salty foods, fruit consumption and vegetables, coffee drinking habits, ANC visits, family support, and obesity.Recommendation: It is important for the health workers to increase mother’s knowledge and communities’ awareness about age at risk and parity at risk. Thus, health providers should carry out more routine monitoring and provide counseling about 4 important factors in planning pregnancy.
Daniela Stavělová a kol.: Tíha a beztíže folkloru. Folklorní hnutí druhé poloviny 20. století v českých zemích.
Authors: Jurková Zuzana
Published: May 2024

A review of the book by Zuzana Jurková.
Database Native Model Selection: Harnessing Deep Neural Networks in Database Systems
Authors: Xing Naili , Cai Shaofeng , Chen Gang , Luo Zhaojing , Ooi Beng Chin , Pei Jian
Published: May 2024

The growing demand for advanced analytics beyond statistical aggregation calls for database systems that support effective model selection of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, existing model selection strategies are based on either training-based algorithms that deliver high-performing models at the expense of high computational cost, or training-free algorithms that enhance computational efficiency with reduced effectiveness. These strategies often disregard computational cost and response time Service-Level Objectives (SLOs), which are of concern to average or budget-conscious machine learning users. In addition, they lack a well-designed integration of the model selection algorithms with DBMSs, which hinders efficient in-database model selection. This paper presents TRAILS, a resource-efficient and SLO-aware in-database model selection system. To leverage the strengths of both training-free and training-based model selection, we first characterize nine state-of-the-art training-free model evaluation metrics and propose a more effective one named JacFlow, and then, restructure the conventional model selection procedure into two phases: filtering and refinement. A novel coordinator is also introduced to strike a balance between the high efficiency of train-free algorithms and the high effectiveness of training-based algorithms, ensuring high-performing model selection while adhering to target SLOs. Moreover, we incorporate the proposed algorithm into PostgreSQL to develop TRAILS, thereby both enhancing resource efficiency and reducing model selection latency. This integration establishes a foundation for declarative model definition and selection within DBMSs. Empirical results demonstrate that our TRAILS reduces model selection time and computational expenses considerably by up to 24.38x and 29.32x respectively compared to existing model selection systems.
BigST: Linear Complexity Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network for Traffic Forecasting on Large-Scale Road Networks
Authors: Han Jindong , Zhang Weijia , Liu Hao , Tao Tao , Tan Naiqiang , Xiong Hui
Published: May 2024

Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network (STGNN) has been used as a common workhorse for traffic forecasting. However, most of them require prohibitive quadratic computational complexity to capture long-range spatio-temporal dependencies, thus hindering their applications to long historical sequences on large-scale road networks in the real-world. To this end, in this paper, we propose BigST, a linear complexity spatio-temporal graph neural network, to efficiently exploit long-range spatio-temporal dependencies for large-scale traffic forecasting. Specifically, we first propose a scalable long sequence feature extractor to encode node-wise long-range inputs (
e.g.
, thousands of time-steps in the past week) into low-dimensional representations encompassing rich temporal dynamics. The resulting representations can be pre-computed and hence significantly reduce the computational overhead for prediction. Then, we build a linearized global spatial convolution network to adaptively distill time-varying graph structures, which enables fast runtime message passing along spatial dimensions in linear complexity. We empirically evaluate our model on two large-scale real-world traffic datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that BigST can scale to road networks with up to one hundred thousand nodes, while significantly improving prediction accuracy and efficiency compared to state-of-the-art traffic forecasting models.
XGNN: Boosting Multi-GPU GNN Training via Global GNN Memory Store
Authors: Tang Dahai , Wang Jiali , Chen Rong , Wang Lei , Yu Wenyuan , Zhou Jingren , Li Kenli
Published: May 2024

GPUs are commonly utilized to accelerate GNN training, particularly on a multi-GPU server with high-speed interconnects (e.g., NVLink and NVSwitch). However, the rapidly increasing scale of graphs poses a challenge to applying GNN to real-world applications, due to limited GPU memory. This paper presents XGNN, a multi-GPU GNN training system that fully utilizes system memory (e.g., GPU and host memory), as well as high-speed interconnects. The core design of XGNN is the Global GNN Memory Store (GGMS), which abstracts underlying resources to provide a unified memory store for GNN training. It partitions hybrid input data, including graph topological and feature data, across both GPU and host memory. GGMS also provides easy-to-use APIs for GNN applications to access data transparently, forwarding data access requests to the actual physical data partitions automatically. Evaluation on various multi-GPU platforms using three common GNN models with four large-scale datasets shows that XGNN outperforms DGL, Quiver and DGL+C by up to 7.9X (from 2.3X), 15.7X (from 3.3X) and 2.8X (from 1.3X), respectively.
Communication Efficient and Provable Federated Unlearning
Authors: Tao Youming , Wang Cheng-Long , Pan Miao , Yu Dongxiao , Cheng Xiuzhen , Wang Di
Published: May 2024

We study federated unlearning, a novel problem to eliminate the impact of specific clients or data points on the global model learned via federated learning (FL). This problem is driven by the right to be forgotten and the privacy challenges in FL. We introduce a new framework for exact federated unlearning that meets two essential criteria:communication efficiencyandexact unlearning provability.To our knowledge, this is the first work to tackle both aspects coherently. We start by giving a rigorous definition ofexactfederated unlearning, which guarantees that the unlearned model is statistically indistinguishable from the one trained without the deleted data. We then pinpoint the key property that enables fast exact federated unlearning: total variation (TV) stability, which measures the sensitivity of the model parameters to slight changes in the dataset. Leveraging this insight, we develop a TV-stable FL algorithm called FATS, which modifies the classical FedAvg algorithm for TV Stability and employs local SGD with periodic averaging to lower the communication round. We also design efficient unlearning algorithms for FATS under two settings: client-level and sample-level unlearning. We provide theoretical guarantees for our learning and unlearning algorithms, proving that they achieve exact federated unlearning with reasonable convergence rates for both the original and unlearned models. We empirically validate our framework on 6 benchmark datasets, and show its superiority over state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy, communication cost, computation cost, and unlearning efficacy.
Computable phenotype for diagnostic error: developing the data schema for application of symptom-disease pair analysis of diagnostic error (SPADE)
Authors: Hassoon Ahmed , Ng Charles , Lehmann Harold , Rupani Hetal , Peterson Susan , Horberg Michael A. , Liberman Ava L. , Sharp Adam L. , Johansen Michelle C. , McDonald Kathy , Austin J. Mathrew , Newman-Toker David E.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Diagnostic errors are the leading cause of preventable harm in clinical practice. Implementable tools to quantify and target this problem are needed. To address this gap, we aimed to generalize the Symptom-Disease Pair Analysis of Diagnostic Error (SPADE) framework by developing its computable phenotype and then demonstrated how that schema could be applied in multiple clinical contexts.

Methods

We created an information model for the SPADE processes, then mapped data fields from electronic health records (EHR) and claims data in use to that model to create the SPADE information model (intention) and the SPADE computable phenotype (extension). Later we validated the computable phenotype and tested it in four case studies in three different health systems to demonstrate its utility.

Results

We mapped and tested the SPADE computable phenotype in three different sites using four different case studies. We showed that data fields to compute an SPADE base measure are fully available in the EHR Data Warehouse for extraction and can operationalize the SPADE framework from provider and/or insurer perspective, and they could be implemented on numerous health systems for future work in monitor misdiagnosis-related harms.

Conclusions

Data for the SPADE base measure is readily available in EHR and administrative claims. The method of data extraction is potentially universally applicable, and the data extracted is conveniently available within a network system. Further study is needed to validate the computable phenotype across different settings with different data infrastructures.
Optimization of biomass durian peel as a heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production using microwave irradiation
Authors: Ginting Binawati , Sitepu Minanda Payungta , Santoso Aman , Susilo Bambang , Tarigan Juliati Br. , Sitepu Eko Kornelius
Published: May 2024

The present study investigated biodiesel production from the transesterification of palm oil with methanol using calcined biomass durian peel (BDP) as a heterogeneous catalyst assisted by microwave irradiation. Characterization of the calcined BDP showed that K2O is the main compound with a concentration of 86.15 wt%. The effect of three independent variables of catalyst weight (3–12 wt%), reaction time (1–10 min), and power of microwave (180–900 W) was used to determine the optimum condition on biodiesel production using the response surface method-based on the Box–Behnken design experiment. The optimum biodiesel conversion of 97.3% was achieved under experimental parameters of catalyst concentration of 12 wt%, reaction time of 9 min, and microwave power of 180 W. The catalyst concentration and reaction time have significant effects on biodiesel conversion.
Unpaired cysteine insertions favor transmembrane dimerization and induce ligand-independent constitutive cytokine receptor signaling
Authors: Baumgärtner Lynn Affrica Felicitas , Ettich Julia , Balles Helene , Lapp Dorothee Johanna , Mossner Sofie , Bassenge Christin , Ouzin Meryem , Hanenberg Helmut , Scheller Jürgen , Floss Doreen Manuela
Published: May 2024

Naturally occurring gain-of-function (GOF) mutants have been identified in patients for a variety of cytokine receptors. Although this constitutive activation of cytokine receptors is strongly associated with malignant disorders, ligand-independent receptor activation is also a useful tool in synthetic biology e.g. to improve adoptive cellular therapies with genetically modified T-cells. Balanced Interleukin (IL-)7 signaling via a heterodimer of IL-7 receptor (IL-7Rα) and the common γ-chain (γc) controls T- and B-cell development and expansion, whereas uncontrolled IL-7 signaling can drive acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) development. The ALL-driver mutation PPCL in the transmembrane domain of IL-7Rα is a mutational insertion of the four amino acids proline-proline-cysteine-leucine and leads to ligand-independent receptor dimerization and constitutive activation. We showed here in the cytokine-dependent pre-B-cell line Ba/F3 that the PPCL-insertion in a synthetic version of the IL-7Rα induced γc-independent STAT5 and ERK phosphorylation and also proliferation of the cells and that booster-stimulation by arteficial ligands additionally generated non-canonical STAT3 phosphorylation via the synthetic IL-7Rα-PPCL-receptors. Transfer of the IL-7Rα transmembrane domain with the PPCL insertion into natural and synthetic cytokine receptor chains of the IL-6, IL-12 and Interferon families also resulted in constitutive receptor signaling. In conclusion, our data suggested that the insertion of the mutated PPCL IL-7Rα transmembrane domain is an universal approach to generate ligand-independent, constitutively active cytokine receptors.
An analysis of exponential kernel fractional difference operator for delta positivity
Authors: Mohammed Pshtiwan Othman
Published: May 2024

Positivity analysis for a fractional difference operator including an exponential formula in its kernel has been examined. A composition of two fractional difference operators of order

(

ν
,
μ

)

\left(\nu ,\mu )

in the sense of Liouville–Caputo type operators has been analysed in cases when

ν
≠
μ

\nu \ne \mu

and

ν
=
μ

\nu =\mu

. Due to the kernel of the fractional difference operator being convergent, there has been a restriction in the domain of the solution. Incidentally, a negative lower bounded condition has been carried out through analysing the positivity results. For a better understanding, an increasing function has been considered as a test for the main results.
Influence of TLR4 signaling on cannabidiol’s antitumor effectiveness in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Kacaroglu Demet , Parlak Khalily Melek , Yaylacı Seher
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Lung cancer remains a predominant cancer type with high incidence and low survival rates. Key challenges in its treatment include impaired cellular mechanisms, notably resistance to apoptosis and altered immune responses. A critical aspect in this context is the heightened TLR4-mediated signaling, known to promote cell survival, metastasis, and resistance to cell death, particularly impacting immune microenvironment regulation. This study focuses on evaluating the impact of TLR4 signaling activation on potential therapeutic strategies.

Methods

Our research utilizes cannabidiol (CBD), a compound already employed in mitigating chemotherapy side effects in lung adenocarcinoma, recognized for its antitumor properties including antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and apoptosis-inducing effects. However, the effectiveness of CBD in lung cancer cells with elevated TLR4 signaling remains uncertain.

Results

Our findings reveal that the combination of CBD and TLR4 agonist affects cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and gene expression related to immune response and extracellular matrix regulation. In lung adenocarcinoma cells with activated TLR4, CBD shows an increased IC50 value, reflecting reduced antiproliferative capacity. Furthermore, its efficacy in arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis is also compromised. The influence on immune response and extracellular matrix regulation is also altered in TLR4-activated cells.

Conclusions

These results indicate that TLR4 activation significantly diminishes the antitumor efficacy of CBD. This highlights the importance of considering TLR4 signaling activation in future research on therapeutic agents like CBD for cancer treatment.
Die wirtschaftlichen Folgen des Brexits
Authors: Breinlich Holger
Published: May 2024

The United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union (Brexit) has negatively affected its economic performance in the years after the 2016 referendum. A growing literature on the short-run effects of Brexit has documented that UK economic activity has been affected through a mix of uncertainty and anticipation effects. This literature has shown that UK GDP and investment have been negatively affected and inflation has increased as a consequence of the outcome of the referendum. Comparatively little is known about the effects of the UK’s subsequent exit from the single market and customs union in January 2021, but existing research has documented negative effects on UK trade, in particular UK imports from the European Union. But whether this will lead to subsequent further declines in UK GDP remains to be seen and will also depend on future EU-UK efforts to reduce the trade barriers created by the trade and cooperation agreement (TCA) of 2020.
New investigations in Gaza's heritage landscapes: the Gaza Maritime Archaeology Project (GAZAMAP)
Authors: Andreou Georgia Marina , Elkhoudary Yasmeen , Hassouna Ayman
Published: May 2024

Decades of conflict in the Gaza Strip have contributed to widely documented cultural heritage destruction, demonstrating a need to monitor vulnerable sites and enhance the empirical base. This article describes how the Gaza Maritime Archaeology Project (GAZAMAP 2022–2023) was developed to monitor coastal and near-coastal sites, collaboratively. Owing to the unprecedented destruction of heritage since October 2023, GAZAMAP's scope has fundamentally shifted.
Assessment of Isokinetic Strength of Knee Extension/Flexion of Individuals With Intellectual Developmental Disabilities—Systematic Review With Protocol Proposal
Authors: Jacinto Miguel , Caseiro André , Antunes Raul , Monteiro Diogo , Campos Maria João , Matos Rui , Ferreira José Pedro , Gomes Beatriz
Published: May 2024

Muscle performance is a crucial determinant of physical function in the daily lives of individuals with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD), with lower strength levels often leading to loss of independence. The isokinetic dynamometer has been established as a reliable method for assessing muscle performance in this population. This article outlines the design of a protocol to be adopted to assess isokinetic knee strength in individuals with IDD. Using systematic review methodology, electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases, including articles published between January 1990 and September 2022. The key terms were combined with the Boolean operator “AND” or “OR”. After the methodological process, 23 studies were included for analysis. The protocol proposal consists of 8 phases, covering previous considerations: (a) warm-up, (b) familiarization; (c) equipment adjustment, choosing the limb to evaluate and in what type of action (concentric and/or eccentric); (d) number of repetitions and sets; (e) the rest duration; (f) angular velocity to be tested; and (g) parameters for analysis. It is intended that this article provide insights into the development of a useful tool for the various stakeholders interested in assessing the isokinetic knee strength of individuals with IDD.
Shortest paths of Rubik’s snake composite knots with 9 crossings
Authors: Hou Songming , Su Jianning , Mufutau Ramon
Published: May 2024

A Rubik’s Snake is an interesting toy that was invented over 40 years ago. It can be twisted to many interesting shapes, including non-trivial knots. In this paper we proposed a systematic way to study how many blocks are needed to form a composite knot with 9 crossings. We also improved some results from our previous papers.
new species of Maxillaria (Maxillariinae) from the northern Andes and a new synonym of Maxillaria floribunda
Authors: Pisso-Florez Gustavo Adolfo , Moreno Juan Sebastián , Harding Patricia A. , Baquero Luis E.
Published: May 2024

Maxillaria andina, a new orchid species from high-Andean ecosystems of southwestern Colombia and northern Ecuador, is described. The new species is distinguished by having long and narrowly linear white sepals and petals with revolute margins, lip with mucronate epichile, and callus without hairs or trichomes. Distinguishing characters are provided to differentiate it from morphologically similar species, along with ecological and taxonomical notes. Additionally, Maxillaria sibundoyensis is synonymized with Maxillaria floribunda.
Stitching of T-deep beams with large openings by CFRP sheets and NSM steel bars
Authors: Shakir Qasim M. , Yahya Yahya M.
Published: May 2024

In the present study, a comparison has been conducted to investigate the efficiency of stitching using the near-surface mounted steel bars and externally bonded carbon fibers reinforced polymers technique for strengthening the T-deep beams having large opening within the shear spans and with deficient shear reinforcement. Eight specimens with two locations of openings were tested. It was found that stitching of beams by steel bars with openings located flush to the flange yielded improvement in capacity in range (10–39%). Furthermore, Stitching by external bonded carbon sheets yield enhancements in capacity was 96 and 78% for the top location compared to the control specimen and the vertical near-surface mounted stirrups system. The respective values for the bottom location were 62 and 42% respectively.
EPISTEMOLOGI SISTEM PEWARISAN PATRILINEAL DALAM HUKUM WARIS ADAT DENGAN SISTEM PEWARISAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Febriana Dina Triana , Kusmayanti Hazar , Nugroho Bambang Daru
Published: May 2024

Indonesia menganut sistem hukum pluralisme, yaitu menggunakan sistem hukum tertulis, hukum adat, dan hukum Islam secara sekaligus. Penerapan hukum adat dan hukum Islam di Indonesia diakui dan dapat diterapkan hanya dalam beberapa bidang, seperti hukum waris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis-normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif-analitis, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu studi dokumen kepustakaan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pertama, eksistensi hukum adat walaupun merupakan hukum tidak tertulis tapi masih tetap diberlakukan di Indonesia karena masyarakat adat yang masih menganut dan taat pada hukum adat tersebut dengan keberadaannya diakui dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Kedua, pembagian waris dalam hukum adat di Indonesia, penerapan dalam setiap wilayah akan berbeda-beda dan dapat juga dilihat dari garis keturunan dalam hukum adat yang dianut seperti garis keturunan patrilineal dalam pembagian warisnya hanya anak laki-laki yang berhak mewarisi harta peninggalan dari pewaris (ayahnya). Ketiga, pembagian waris dalam hukum Islam telah ditentukan nilai mutlak pembagiannya atau jumlah besarnya berdasarkan Al-Qur’an. Keempat, pembagian waris dalam hukum adat secara garis keturunan patrilineal dan hukum Islam memiliki perbedaan dalam menetapkan nilai mutlak pembagian kepada ahli waris dan juga perbedaan dalam menentukan ahli waris yang berhak mewarisi.
A HLT for Integrated CT and Mathematics Lessons: Supporting Students' Possible Struggles when Debugging in GeoGebra Environment
Authors: Yunianto Wahid , Bautista Guillermo , Prasetyo Bungkus Dias , Lavicza Zsolt
Published: May 2024

As computational thinking (CT) is new to teachers, they need support on how CT integration will work. This study examines the use of a hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT) to support teachers in integrating computational thinking into mathematics lessons utilizing GeoGebra. By employing
the educational design research (EDR) methodology, the researchers, in collaboration with mathematics teachers and an educator, developed Math+CT activities in GeoGebra as part of an HLT. The HLT was meant to help teachers predict students' responses and facilitate learning. A pilot experiment
was conducted with a small group of students to see how and why the designed activities work. Therefore, we collected data from students' responses (GeoGebra scripts and answers) and computer screen recordings. The HLT is triangulated by comparing the predicted responses to the actual responses.
The pilot experiment helped to improve the lessons and the HLT for future experimentation. Considering students' possible mistakes in debugging would prepare teachers to anticipate and facilitate the contingency situation.
Nurse Champions: Transforming Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Quiroga-Pico Lizeth N. ,   Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia, Aceros-Lora Andrea M. , Díaz-Castañeda Tatiana M. , Z. Rojas Lyda ,   Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia,   Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia,   Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Universidad Industrial de Santander
Published: May 2024

Nursing practice in an organization result from the leadership processes developed for the profession. It is reflected in the performance of nurses in interprofessional teams and the quality of care they provide to patients. Evidence-based practice (EBP) refers to decision-making in the development and delivery of health care services according to the best available research evidence, the experience of health care providers, and the values and preferences of patients. The adoption or implementation of EBP by organizations can lead to safer practices, better outcomes for individuals, and lower healthcare costs. In the literature, "champions" have been identified as determinants and agents of change to ensure adoption within institutions.
The circular economy skills: regional dimension
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Nikitaeva Anastasia Y. , Bondarev Maxim G. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Masych Marina A. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Dolgova Olga I. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Relevance. In the pursuit of sustainable development, the circular economy takes precedence as a fundamental imperative for industrial transformation. The current trend in the development of the circular economy concept is to place the main focus on the technological support of circularization and the corresponding innovations in business models, while the decisive role people play in this model of economy is often overlooked. Individuals with specialized knowledge, skills, and values are essential for developing and implementing circular models, making effective management decisions, and promoting rational consumption patterns. The demand for circular skills and the availability of relevant competencies can significantly differ across regions, necessitating further in-depth study. Research objective. The paper is aimed at developing a new methodological approach to the study of circular economy skills at the regional level. This approach considers these skills in terms of both employer demand and their incorporation into master's degree programs, accounting for regional specifics. Data and methods. The study employed a comprehensive approach, integrating theoretical methods with empirical analysis. Scientometric and content analysis identified taxonomies of circular economy skills, and employers' personnel needs were examined through the analysis of the HeadHunter job site using Python software. Additionally, the study encompassed an analysis of educational programs from official websites of universities in southern Russian regions. Results. A new approach to the study of supply and demand of circular economy skills at the regional level has been proposed and tested. As a result, it was determined that there is a demand for sustainable development specialists in various industries in the Russian labor market, which varies across different regions of the country. The relevant skills are included in the master’s degree programs offered by universities. There is a need for greater involvement of regional authorities in shaping educational demands presented to universities, as this is essential for generating demand in the job market for the corresponding competencies. Conclusions. To better achieve targets in sustainable development and facilitate the transition to a circular economy, it is essential to promote a balanced development of all the relevant skills and behavioral patterns. To ensure this, it is important to involve regional authorities in shaping the demand for these skills.