bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiology of corneal wounds after cataract surgery: biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance patterns
Authors: Kıvanç S. A. , Kıvanç M. , Bayramlar H.
Published: January 2016

Objective:

To evaluate the bacterial flora of corneal wounds at the end of cataract surgery before intracameral antibiotic use and to determine agents to treat postoperative endophthalmitis, the potential for biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance.

Method:

This cross-sectional clinical study included patients who underwent cataract surgery using the phacoemulsification technique without any complications. The hemifacial skin, periocular area, eyelids and eyelashes were washed with 10% povidone-iodine and the conjunctiva was washed with 5% povidoneiodine before cataract surgery. After uncomplicated surgery, a wipe sample was taken from the bulbar conjunctival surface, corneal surface, and wound rim before administering intracameral antibiotics. All samples were plated on blood agar, MRS agar, M17 agar, calcium-lactate agar, plate-count agar, and Sabouraud-dextrose agar. Biofilm formation was evaluated by microtitre plates and the Congo red-agar method. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolates were determined by the agar-disk diffusion method.

Results:

We recruited 50 patients and studied 55 eyes, obtaining 34 isolates from the cultures of 16 eyes. Isolated organisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (35.3%), Bacillus cereus (29.4%) and Pseudomonas spp. (5.9%). We obtained isolates from 64% of diabetic cases and 20% of non-diabetic cases, (p=0.002). It was observed that 21 out of 34 isolates produced a weakly positive biofilm, 8 were moderately positive, three were strongly positive, and two isolates were biofilm negative. Of the CoNS strains four of the 11 were resistance to four or more antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Microorganisms that remained at the end of cataract surgery had the capacity to produce biofilm and had high antibiotic resistance. Appropriate preoperative disinfection is very important and adequate disinfection and suitable antibiotics should be kept in mind for avoiding endophthalmitis, especially for diabetic patients. Biofilm is one of the major factors affecting the virulence of bacteria, and further studies into prevention of biofilm formation are required in this area.
Classification of dependence-related skin lesions: a new proposal
Authors: García-Fernández F. P. , Soldevilla Agreda J. Javier , Pancorbo-Hidalgo P. L. , Verdu-Soriano J. , López Casanova P. , Rodríguez-Palma M.
Published: January 2016

A new theoretical framework on the development of pressure ulcers and other dependence-related lesions requires continued in-depth analysis of their conceptual bases. This study reports the historical background, definitions, and production mechanisms of these lesions, describing the differential pathognomonic features of pressure and/or shear ulcers, moisture-associated skin damage, and lesions from rubbing or friction. It also discusses the combined/multifactorial lesions that can be found in the clinical setting. Finally, it presents the new classification of these lesions proposed by the Spanish Pressure Ulcers and Chronic Wounds Advisory Panel.
Fournier's gangrene (necrotising fasciitis) complicated by renal and respiratory insufficiency: a case report
Authors: Frisman E. , Rácz O. , Beck J. , Firment J. , Bodnárová L.
Published: January 2016

A case report of a 68-year-old male obese diabetic patient with an abscess of left femoral region, and diffuse inflammation of abdominal wall and genital region developing sepsis, respiratory and renal failure. At admission in the regional hospital a diagnosis of polymicrobial necrotising fasciitis with suspected sepsis was declared. The patient was transferred to the special intensive care unit (SICU) of Burns and reconstructive surgery at the Kosice-Saca. The patient was treated surgically, with hyperbaric oxygen and pharmacologically to control his diabetes. The main aetiological agent of the condition was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. In addition to respiratory and metabolic acidosis and gastric bleeding occurred. Due to acute renal failure (day 38) the patient was transferred to clinic of anaesthesiology and the intensive care medicine at the University Hospital in Kosice. The patient was treated by continuous veno-venous haemodialysis, mechanical ventilation and nasogastric nutritional support. On day 48 the conscious sub-febrile patient with healed wounds was transferred back to the regional hospital with ventilation support and continuous renal replacement therapy. His diabetes was uncontrolled, and only kidney parameters remained pathological. The survival of this patient with an extremely poor prognosis was achieved through prompt transfer to a specialised centre, early identification of the aetiological agent and immediate appropriate antibiotic treatment as a result of good cooperation between surgeons and laboratory specialists.
Go for a Spanish stroll
Authors: Francis-Pester Dawn
Published: January 2016

Linking Spanish to exploration of the natural world outdoors is a great way to engage pupils in vocabulary and creates a learning journey they will remember.
‘Education is the key to safer online activity’
Authors: Rachel  , Bosley Mark
Published: January 2016

This month's tutorial focuses on the hugely important issue of internet safety which must begin with children themselves being mindful of how they can stay safe online.
Spot the opportunities that are right for you
Authors: Donohoe Tom
Published: January 2016

Teaching roles are becoming increasingly diverse and if there are new possibilities opening up in your own school, be sure to give them careful consideration.
Survival of the fittest
Authors: David Anthony
Published: January 2016

With funding still being driven down, Anthony David believes that schools are entering a new era of austerity, and will be faced with tough decisions on staff.
Matrices of minimum norm satisfying certain prescribed band and spectral restrictions -- an extremal characterization of the discrete periodic Laplacian
Authors: Travaglia Marcos
Published: January 2016

This paper has been motivated by the curiosity that the circulant matrix ${\rm Circ }(1/2, -1/4, 0, \dots, 0,-1/4)$ is the $n\times n$ positive semidefinite, tridiagonal matrix $A$ of smallest Euclidean norm having the property that $Ae = 0$ and $Af = f$, where $e$ and $f$ are, respectively, the vector of all $1$s and the vector of alternating $1$ and $-1$s. It then raises the following question (minimization problem): What should be the matrix $A$ if the tridiagonal restriction is replaced by a general bandwidth $2r + 1$ ($1\leq r \leq \tfrac{n}{2 } -1$)? It is first easily shown that the solution of this problem must still be a circulant matrix. Then the determination of the first row of this circulant matrix consists in solving a least-squares problem having $\tfrac{n}{2} \, - 1$ nonnegative variables (Nonnegative Orthant) subject to $\tfrac{n}{2} - r$ linear equations. Alternatively, this problem can be viewed as the minimization of the norm of an even function vanishing at the points $|i|>r$ of the set $\left\{-\tfrac{n}{2} + 1, \dots, -1, 0, 1, \dots ,\tfrac{n}{2} \right\}$, and whose Fourier-transform is nonnegative, vanishes at zero, and assumes the value one at $\tfrac{n}{2}$. Explicit solutions are given for the special cases of $r=\tfrac{n}{2}$, $r=\tfrac{n}{2} -1$, and $r=2$. The solution for the particular case of $r=2$ can be physically interpreted as the vibrational mode of a ring-like chain of masses and springs in which the springs link both the nearest neighbors (with positive stiffness) and the next-nearest neighbors (with negative stiffness). The paper ends wiih a numerical illustration of the six cases ($1\leq r \leq 6$)corresponding to $n=12$.
On the invertibility of length two elementary operators
Authors: Bracic Janko , Boudi Nadia
Published: January 2016

Let X be a complex Banach space and L(X) be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on X. For a given elementary operator P of length 2 on L(X), we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution of the equation YP=0 in the algebra of all elementary operators on L(X). Our approach allows us to characterize some invertible elementary operators of length 2 whose inverses are elementary operators.
Conservação in vitro de Erythrina velutina a partir de embriões zigóticos
Authors: Fonseca Priscila Tavares , Nepomuceno Cristina Ferreira , Silva Tecla Dos Santos , Santana José Raniere Ferreira de
Published: January 2016

Erythrina velutina is native from the Caatinga domain, which has been heavily affected by the exploitation of natural resources. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the induction of buds from nodal segments of in vitro germinated plants, aiming at the conservation of E. velutina. In the experiment I, intact seeds and zygotic embryos were inoculated in WPM culture and the number of buds, leaves and roots, germination percentage, shoot length and percentage of normal plants were analyzed. In the experiment II, the nodal segments of plants from germination of zygotic embryos in vitro were inoculated in WPM culture supplemented with BAP and CIN [0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0 and 40.0 µM] and percentage of responsive explants to form buds, number of shoots and leaves, shoot length and the percentage of callus formation were analyzed. The cultivation of zygotic embryos provided more vigorous and uniform plants, with more gems than those obtained from the germination of intact seeds. The concentration of 20 µM of BAP is indicated for the regeneration of plants from zygotic embryos of E. velutina; with this concentration, an average of 2.78 shoots/explant was obtained.
Pornographic adaptation: Parody, fan fiction and the limits of genre
Authors: Meikle Kyle
Published: January 2016

Despite the outsize presence of pornographic adaptations in the adult movie market (in the form of parodies) and fan fiction (in the form of het and slash), the genre remains largely under-theorized in the field of adaptation studies. This article suggests that such stories and films may expand the field’s boundaries by encouraging scholars to consider the non-hermeneutic effects of adaptations. Drawing on theories of intertextuality, intermediality and interactivity, the article asks how adaptation and pornography function for their audiences, taking up the case of E. L. James’s Fifty Shades of Grey – a pornographic adaptation that became a pornographic source text – to offer some provisional answers to that question. The article closes with a call for adaptation scholars to turn from interpretation to the more private pleasures of adaptation.
SMALL, Helen. The Value of the Humanities
Authors: Ribeiro António Sousa
Published: January 2016

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_1_11
The Special One: fenomenologia do herói desportivo
Authors: Reis Carlos
Published: January 2016

A partir da caracterização do herói como categoria literária, procede-se a uma reflexão acerca do herói desportivo, com recurso a instrumentos de análise facul - tados pelos estudos narrativos. O herói desportivo é uma entidade valorizada pela projeção pública das narrativas mediáticas em contexto de comunicação de massas; nesse âmbito, certos géneros narrativos (como a biografia) procedem à configuração de um herói conformado pela proliferação de imagens, sobretudo de TV. Para além disso, frequentemente o herói desportivo concentra si os valores e os desejos do coletivo que representa; quando o herói é vencido, a sua queda arrasta a desse coletivo.
Ekologická encyklika Laudato si' jako výzva všem
Authors: Nečas Jiří
Published: January 2016

Review of the Pope´s text Laudato si - Francesco, P. (2015). Lettera Enciclica Laudato si'. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.
Mechanisms of Aerosol Sedimentation by Acoustic Field
Authors: Kudryashova Olga , Antonnikova Alexandra , Korovina Natalya , Akhmadeev Igor
Published: January 2016

Acoustic radiation sources are successfully applied to cleaning rooms from dust of fairly large particle sizes (ten micrometers and larger). The sedimentation of fine aerosols (particle diameter of 1-10 microns) is a more complicated challenge. The paper is devoted to the substantiation of the acoustic sedimentation method for such aerosols. On the basis of the mathematical model analysis for aerosol sedimentation by the acoustic field the mechanisms of this process have been determined and include the particle coagulation acceleration and radiation pressure effect. The experimental results of the acoustic sedimentation of a model aerosol (NaCl) are shown. The calculation results according to the mathematical model for coagulation and sedimentation, on the basis of the Smolukhovsky’s equation taking into account various mechanisms of aerosol sedimentation by sound depending on the particle sizes and sound intensity, are given. The necessity to use intensive sources of high-frequency sound has been confirmed, suggesting that these sources must be located above dust clouds.
Andrews–Curtis and Nielsen equivalence relations on some infinite groups
Authors: Myropolska Aglaia
Published: January 2016

The Andrews–Curtis conjecture asserts that, for a free group Fn
of rank n and a free basis
(x
1,...,xn
), any normally generating tuple (y
1,...,yn
) is Andrews–Curtis equivalent to (x
1,...,xn
). This equivalence corresponds to the actions of
Aut Fn
and of F

n

n
on normally generating n-tuples. The equivalence corresponding to the action of Aut Fn
on generating n-tuples is called Nielsen equivalence. The conjecture for arbitrary finitely generated groups has its own importance to analyse potential counter-examples to the original conjecture. We study the Andrews–Curtis and Nielsen equivalence in the class of finitely generated groups for which every maximal subgroup is normal, including nilpotent groups and Grigorchuk groups.
Multiscale asymptotics for the Skeleton of the Madden-Julian Oscillation and Tropical–Extratropical Interactions
Authors: Chen Shengqian , Majda Andrew J. , Stechmann Samuel N.
Published: January 2016

Anew model is derived and analyzed for tropical–extratropical interactions involving the Madden– Julian oscillation (MJO). The model combines (i) the tropical dynamics of the MJO and equatorial baroclinic waves and (ii) the dynamics of barotropic Rossby waves with significant extratropical structure, and the combined system has a conserved energy. The method of multiscale asymptotics is applied to systematically derive a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for three-wave resonant interactions. Two novel features are (i) a degenerate auxiliary problem with overdetermined equations due to a compatibility condition (meridional geostrophic balance) and (ii) cubic self-interaction terms that are not typically found in threewave resonance ODEs. Several examples illustrate applications to MJO initiation and termination, including cases of (i) the MJO, equatorial baroclinic Rossbywaves, and barotropic Rossbywaves interacting, and (ii) the MJO, baroclinic Kelvinwaves, and barotropic Rossbywaves interacting. Resonance with the Kelvinwave is not possible here if only dry variables are considered, but it occurs in the moist model here through interactions with water vapor and convective activity.
The crystal structure of 6-chloro-2,4-diphenylquinoline
Authors: Van Tonder Johannes , Visser Hendrik G. , Koen Renier
Published: January 2016

C21H14ClN, orthorhombic, Pca21 (No. 29), a = 7.6860(5) Å, b = 10.1610(5) Å, c = 19.8990(5) Å, V = 1554.1(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0318, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0783, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of diethyl 2-(((2-(pyridin-3-ylthio)phenyl)amino)methylene)malonate, C19H20N2O4S
Authors: Meng-Xue Wang , Zheng Fang , Kai Guo
Published: January 2016

C19H20N2O4S, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 18.983(4) Å, b = 5.057(1) Å, c = 20.304(4) Å, β = 106.10(3)°, V = 1872.7(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0680, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1423, T = 293(2) K.
The concept of smooth generic camera calibration
for optical metrology
Authors: Pak Alexey
Published: January 2016

Modern digital cameras with sophisticated optics enable
accurate shape measurements via a plethora of metrological techniques.
In order to take advantage of the data delivered by high-resolution
cameras, one needs a sufficiently flexible model to describe the
imaging geometry and an adequate calibration procedure to determine
the model parameters and estimate their uncertainties.
In this report, we suggest the concept of a smooth generic camera
model that has several advantages compared to the state-of-the-art:
the description is resolution-independent and takes
advantage of the natural smoothness of the projection geometry;
the global and the local symmetries inherent to the view ray-based
parametrization are regularized in an explicitly unbiased manner.
The calibration procedure uses dense datasets that can be obtained
with the technique of active screens and consistently accounts for
the uncertainty in the registration data that can be extracted
during pre-processing. The concept is illustrated with synthetic
examples based on physically-accurate rendering.
Absolute und relative Messunsicherheit von ungekühlten
Thermografiekameras
Authors: Budzier Helmut , Gerlach Gerald
Published: January 2016

Die Thermografie ist heute ein Standardverfahren zur Messung von
Temperaturverteilungen auf Oberflächen. Vom
großen Interesse sind die bei der Thermografie auftretenden
Messunsicherheiten. Diskutiert werden die Ursachen zur
Messunsicherheit von ungekühlten Thermografiekameras auf der Basis von
Mikrobolometern.

Nach einer kurzen Erläuterung der Funktionsweise von ungekühlten
Thermografiekameras wird der Kalibrierprozess für derartige Systeme
beschrieben. Anschließend wird die NETD (Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference),
die durch das zeitliche und räumliche Rauschen des Mikrobolometerarrays
bestimmt wird, und die Korrigierbarkeit C
vorgestellt.

Durch eine Änderung der Umgebungstemperatur kommt es zu einer Drift des
Ausgangssignals, das zu einer absoluten Messabweichung
führt. Die Ursachen dieser starken
Temperaturabhängigkeit werden erläutert und die Notwendigkeit des
Shutterns erörtert.
A munkaoktatás kezdeti fázisai az értelmi fogyatékos gyermekek gyulai és kisújszállási gyógypedagógiai intézeteiben a 20. század közepéig
Authors: Gál Anikó
Published: January 2016

Our research aims to investigate how job training was carried out in the special education institutes of Gyula and (from 1928) Kisújszállás. We can conclude that at both institutions the educational and pedagogical work placed great emphasis on working with people with learning disabilities in order to prepare them for work, and to expand the job opportunities available to them, thus contributing to the promotion of social integration as well. They especially focused on preparing and conditioning students for work, bearing in mind that the workers should like the activities and should receive education appropriate for their abilities. The local conditions provided a great opportunity for practical employment and further development. 
(Translated by Ágnes Lengvári)
Holub József és a Tagányi-könyvtár Pécsre kerülése
Authors: Szeberényi Gábor
Published: January 2016

The second part of the study reveals the potential adventages and limits of professional opportunities lay before József Holub during the Spring and Summer of 1923, and tries to determine those personal and professional considerations which finally led to his decision to accept the proffersorship at the Elisabeth University in the Autumn of the year. In the background of Holub’s personal choices, the paper also tries to reconstruct thoroughly the exact „institutional circumstances” and processes of decision making related to the filling of the (semi-)vacant department of Hungarian History of the University, which was in an in-transit state during 1923, and moved from Budapest to Pécs till the end of the year, while left behind many of its lead professors in the capital. Within this framework the author tries to point out that the acception of History professorship at the Elisabeth University was a good, but not necessarily the only (or even the best) choice for Holub in 1923.
Dry Needling on the Infraspinatus Latent and Active Myofascial Trigger Points in Older Adults With Nonspecific Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Calvo-Lobo César , Pacheco-da-Costa Soraya , Martínez-Martínez Jorge , Rodríguez-Sanz David , Cuesta-Álvaro Pedro , López-López Daniel
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose:

Shoulder pain is a prevalent condition in older adults. Some authors associate nonspecific shoulder pain with myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the infraspinatus muscle. Dry needling is recommended to relieve the MTrP pain of shoulders in the short term (<9 days). Active MTrPs dry needling improves shoulder pain and the irritability of the satellite MTrPs in the referred pain area. Nociceptive activity at a latent MTrP may influence motor activity and the sensitivity of MTrPs in distant muscles at a similar segmental level. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate dry needling on 1 latent MTrP, in conjunction with 1 active MTrP, in the infraspinatus muscle of older adults with nonspecific shoulder pain.

Methods:

A single-center, randomized, single-blinded, controlled study (NCT02032602) was carried out. Sixty-six patients aged 65 years and older with trigger points in the ipsilateral infraspinatus of the painful shoulder were randomly assigned to (1) of (2) treatment groups. A session of dry needling on the infraspinatus was performed in (1) the most hyperalgesic active and latent MTrP or (2) only the most hyperalgesic active MTrP. The Numeric Rating Scale, the pressure pain threshold (primary outcome) on the anterior deltoid and extensor carpi radialis brevis latent MTrPs, and grip strength were assessed before, after, and 1 week after the intervention.

Results:

Statistically significant differences in the reduction of pain intensity (P ≤ .001; η2 = 0.159-0.269; d = 1.017-1.219) and the increase of pressure pain threshold (P < .001; η2 = 0.206-0.481; d = 0.870-1.924) were found for the (1) treatment group immediately and 1 week postintervention. Nevertheless, no statistical significant differences were found in grip strength (P >. 05; η2 = 0.006-0.033; d = 0.158-0.368).

Conclusions:

One dry needling intervention of the latent MTrP associated with the key active MTrP of the infraspinatus reduces pain intensity and the irritability of the satellite MTrPs located in the referred pain area in the short term in older adults with nonspecific shoulder pain.
Neformalaus inteligentų tinklo veikla tarp sovietinio sistemiškumo ir alternatyvumo: „garažų storija“ (1977–1978)
Authors: Klumbys Valdemaras
Published: January 2016

Straipsnyje1 analizuojama viena pirmųjų kolektyvinių kultūrininkų peticijų kampanijų prieš režimo politiką – vadinamoji „garažų istorija“. Naudojantis tinklaveikos metodologine prieiga, analizuojami socialiniai ryšiai ir žmonių sąveikos kaip kolektyvinio veiksmo esminės sudedamosios dalys. Tyrime daugiausia dėmesio skiriama ne žmonių (ar grupių) santykiams su valdžios struktūromis, o keletui šios kolektyvinės akcijos vyksmo ypatybių, paaiškinančių jos sėkmę: vidinėms tinklo struktūrinėms savybėms (kas sudarė tinklą ir kaip jis funkcionavo), akcijos veikimo taktikai (kaip tinklas vykdė akciją) ir išorinėms prielaidoms (visuomenėje vyravusioms normoms, kaip antai pasitikėjimas ir bendradarbiavimas, skirtingų socialinių statusų reikšmei atsižvelgiant į kontekstą).1 Straipsnis parengtas įgyvendinant projektą „Nematoma sovietmečio Lietuvos visuomenė: neformaliųjų sisteminių ir nesisteminių tinklų skirties peržiūra (Nr. VP1-3.1-ŠMM-07-K-02-053)“. Mokslinis tyrimas finansuojamas Europos socialinio fondo lėšomis pagal visuotinės dotacijos priemonę.
Upaya Meningkatkan Niat Pembelian Produk Ramah Lingkungan Melalui Nilai, Risiko, dan Kepercayaan Terhadap Produk Hijau
Authors: Waskito Jati
Published: January 2016

Efforts to Improve the Intention of Purchasing Eco-Friendly Products Through Value, Risk, and Trust on Green ProductsThis study aims to analyze the public perception of value, risk, and trust of green products and developing green marketing model by considering the environmental friendliness of the product, the perception of the value of products, and the risk of products to enhance the consumer's intention to purchase green products. This research used 292 respondents as a sample research. Using a structural equations mode, this research found that the public reward and risk products significantly influence consumers' willingness to buy green products. While the trust is not able to increase green purchasing their desires, and cannot be moderating appreciation green value and green risk to increase green purchasing greenDOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i1.2259
Back Matter
Authors: Matter Back
Published: January 2016

DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i1.2267
Distorsi Pasar Dalam Proses Transaksi Sekuritas Syariah di Pasar Sekunder
Authors: Gusniarti Gusniarti
Published: January 2016

Market Distortion on Securties Transaction Process in Secondary MarketMarket distortion is aaberration which causes an imbalance and injustice on the market to be avoided. This study aims to learn more about other forms of distortions such as tadlis, gharar, maysir, ihtikar and bay 'najasy and to recognize its form at the process of transaction in the Islamic capital market, especially the secondary market so that the process securities transactions sharia truly reflects the activity of sharia economic transactions which has values of brotherhood, mutual interest, morality, the orientation of the hereafter and no exploitation. The approach taken is the approach of Jurisprudence and Islamic economics. Results of this study will deepen understanding and clarify the forms of distortion at the transactions in the secondary market so that it can be avoided as much as possible where the transaction finally truly reflect Islamic sharia securities transactions in the capital market.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i2.2269
Peran Perbankan Syariah Dalam Mengimplementasikan Keuangan Inklusif di Indonesia
Authors: Nengsih Novia
Published: January 2016

The Role of Islamic Banks in Financial Inclusion ImplementationThis study aimed to analyze the role of islamic banks in implementing financial inclusion in Indonesia. Financial inclusion is a process to provide formal financial access for the poor and low income people (unbankable people). This study was designed which approached qualitatively and quantitatively (mixed research). The qualitative data analyzed by using Straruss and Corbin’s theory consisted three major  steps: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Quantitative analyzed by using comparative analysis of financial statements and financial ratio analysis such as CAR, ROA, ROE, NPF, and FDR period of 2010-2014. This study proved that Islamic banking had great potential in implementing financial inclusion, it was indicated by a significant increase in funding and financing since 2010-2014 and results of financial ratio analysis also shows the performance of Islamic banking and financial condition is good.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i2.2272
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas Bank Syariah
Authors: Mawaddah Nur
Published: January 2016

The Determinant That Affect The Profitability in Islamic BanksThe aim of this study are to analyze the direct effect of financing and net interest margin to return on asset, and indirect effect of financing and net interest margin into return on asset. The independent variables in this study are financing and net interest margin, the dependent variable is return on asset, and intervening variable is non performing financing (NPF). The method that used in this study is path analysis. The result shown that the financing has direct effect to return on asset 2.45% and net interest margin has direct effect to return on asset 6.45%. Non performing financing has direct effect to return on asset 4.32%. Financing has indirect effect to non performing financing 2.77%. Net interest margin has indirect effect on non performing financing 2.77%.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i2.2273
Bastard Design Practices
Authors: Dyer James
Published: January 2016

Design is a bastard practice, it is fundamentally detached from its own inherited ethos so as to appear progressive, virtuous and fashionable. Such abstinence from knowledge and past experience models a practice that advocates competition over communion – a renunciation of experience and sanction of illusory solutionism. The design discipline would benefit greatly from the principle ideologies of archeology, a practice which uncovers the past to inform the present and shape the future. It is proposed here that a practice of Design Archeology be installed into fundamental design practices to create responsibility in the agency of design. Are we all archaeologists? not quite yet.
On the Ontology of Archaeology
Authors: Moore Lawrence E.
Published: January 2016

Being an archaeologist requires social legitimization and acceptance within a community of archaeological practice. The term “archaeologist” is unsettled at an abstract level but is well defined in local contexts. A sociological definition is offered for "archaeologist" that is based upon a philosophical understanding of "archaeology." Archaeology has qualities that make it special and only those willing to advance through accepted legitimating processes achieve the title "archaeologist." Thus, not everyone should be an archaeologist.
Archaeology
Authors: Walz Jonathan
Published: January 2016

We live in a state of increasing vulnerability, real and imagined. For calm and understanding, around the world individuals and communities employ materials to reflect on, share, and treat traumas of different scales. Our desire to overcome difficulty and to circumvent self-estrangement influences us to engage materials and motivates us to be “archaeologists”. These tendencies suggest that “medical archaeology” - concerned with health, anxiety, trauma, coping, treatment, healing, and sanity - soon will arise as a core sub-practice in academic archaeology.
Digging Up and Digging Down
Authors: Dobraszczyk Paul , Galviz Carlos López , Garrett Bradley L.
Published: January 2016

This article explores the intersections between history, urban geography and archaeology in the context of the question “are we all archaeologists now?” Amongst scholars doing research around questions of space and place, increasingly consideration is being given to vertical architectures, including tunnelling infrastructures. The vertical stretch of human imagination and habitation, even upward, inevitably involves excavation that triggers encounters with material remains of the past. However, the construction of subterranean realms also creates archaeologies of the future. Here we outline the significance of a dovetailing of disciplines through vertical stretch.
Are We Not all Archaeologists?
Authors: Rushohora Nancy Alexander
Published: January 2016

Archaeology in Tanzania survived under the history department for decades; thus, excavation has been the major distinction between historians and archaeologists. This has also affected how archaeology is viewed among archaeologists themselves who consider excavation based researches as ‘proper’ archaeology with less recognition of professional archaeologists who use documents and oral history without excavation. This essay is a plea for Tanzanian archaeologists to recognize archaeologies beyond the principles of excavation. The essay will begin by discussing the practices of archaeology in the country before turning to the plea for recognition of all professional archaeological researches, with or without excavation, as forms of archaeology contributing to the discipline.
FUNDAMENTOS CULTURAIS E METAFÍSICOS DO HUMANISMO
Authors: Santos Luiz Roberto
Published: January 2016

O trabalho aqui apresentado pretende mostrar a importância dos fatores basilares para a gênese do humanismo. Nesse sentido, fez-se necessário observar todo o influxo acerca do humanismo histórico, desde as suas fundamentações na paideia grega. O objetivo proposto foi inicialmente mostrar aquilo que foi considerado um erro por Heidegger, quando da definição do homem enquanto zõon lógon ékhon, acusando diretamente Aristóteles por tal consideração. Desta feita, o labor foi dividido em três partes principais, de forma que em um primeiro momento o escopo foi mostrar a pertinência da pergunta pelos fundamentos culturais e metafísicos do humanismo, dando o devido apreço às forças humanizadoras pré-aristotélicas. Assim sendo, tentando empreender uma análise antropológico-histórica da paideia, sem a qual incorrer-se-ia em uma perda de sentido dos conteúdos. Diante disso, em um segundo momento foi objetivado expor os arrazoados acerca dos fundamentos mitológicos da paideia homérica, onde se tentou fazer uma exposição dos motivos pré-filosóficos e, sobretudo, miméticos que fundamentaram a formação do homem grego. Destarte, na última parte do trabalho foram apontadas as diferenças e convergências possíveis entre a linguagem oral e a escrita, haja vista que aquela primeira foi a base dos mitos responsáveis pela paideia. Os apontamentos de Havelock (1996) e Vernant (1999), junto às perspectivas de Sloterdijk, relativas à compreensão da relevância das antropotécnicas (2000) e das mídias convergentes (2010) na consubstanciação do que se entende por humanismo foram fundamentais no desenvolvimento do texto aqui exposto.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO PALEONTOLÓGICO COM INTERVENÇÃO EM ESCOLAS DE ENSINO MÉDIO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Mendes Laís Aguiar da Silveira , Nunes Daniel de Freitas , Pires Etiene Fabbrin
Published: January 2016

Este artigo apresenta os resultados obtidos a partir da aplicação de estratégias educativas voltadas à divulgação do conhecimento paleontológico e integração comunidade-meio científico em duas escolas da Rede Estadual de Ensino Médio de Porto Nacional (TO) desenvolvidas como parte do projeto institucional de extensão “Tecendo redes de saberes e experiências através do ensino de Paleontologia em escolas municipais e estaduais, no município de Porto Nacional, TO”.  A metodologia utilizada consistiu na aplicação de dois questionários aos estudantes, (no início e no final das atividades de intervenção), com a finalidade de diagnosticar e avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre Paleontologia, bem como verificar a eficácia das atividades de intervenção no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. As atividades consistiram de palestra, oficina de réplicas de fósseis e visita aos Laboratórios do Curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). Os estudantes de ambas as escolas demonstraram-se semelhante quanto ao nível de conhecimento a respeito de Paleontologia. Inicialmente foi possível constatar um baixo nível de conhecimento paleontológico por parte dos estudantes. A aplicação das atividades de intervenção pedagógica demonstrou-se eficaz na apropriação do conhecimento, visto que após essas atividades, percebeu-se uma mudança no nível de conhecimento dos alunos.
TECNOLOGIAS E ENSINO DE ARTES VISUAIS – APONTAMENTOS INICIAIS DA PESQUISA
Authors: Zamperetti Maristani Polidori , Rossi Flávia Demke
Published: January 2016

A presença das novas tecnologias no ambiente escolar, especificamente no ensino de Artes Visuais do município de Pelotas, RS, é um dos diversos temas estudados em uma pesquisa qualitativa, que está sendo realizada por meio da análise de entrevistas com professores de Arte do mesmo município. Este artigo se constitui como um dos primeiros desdobramentos desta pesquisa e visa de forma sucinta levantar as questões referentes à tecnologia e as novas tecnologias na sociedade atual, enfocando o uso destas no ambiente educacional e no ensino de Artes Visuais. O uso das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação constitui-se uma realidade para nossa sociedade. Elas tornaram-se importantes e até mesmo indispensáveis em praticamente todos os âmbitos sociais. Alteraram de forma determinante os recursos e os meios para a comunicação e acesso à informação. Os espaços educativos não ficaram de fora das mudanças. A tecnologia adentrou (e tem adentrado) o espaço escolar de modo a “modernizá-lo”, ou melhor, torná-lo contemporâneo aos avanços tecnológicos que foram sentidos pela sociedade, na qual ambas, sociedade e educação, tiveram que se adaptar neste processo de inserção das novas tecnologias. A pesquisa mostra que a inserção das novas tecnologias no Ensino de Artes Visuais enfrenta problemas de ordem material/física, constituindo-se num fator inibitório ou mesmo, impeditório à ação docente, visto que o professor depende diretamente dos recursos que dispõe para poder desenvolver suas aulas com boa qualidade.
COMPOSIÇÃO E DIVERSIDADE FLORÍSTICA DE BANCO DE SEMENTES EM SOLO DE ÁREA DE CAATINGA
Authors: Medeiros Jordania Xavier , Silva Girlânio Holanda , Ramos Talytta Menezes , Oliveira Rubens Bruno , Nóbrega Assíria Maria , Amorim Laizy Paiva Nunes
Published: January 2016

O estudo avaliou a composição e riqueza florística do banco de sementes em área de caatinga. Foram arranjadas sistematicamente 35 parcelas 10 x 10 m e coletadas, aleatoriamente, amostras de solo. Cada amostra foi homogeneizada e colocada para germinar em dois ambientes: pleno sol e sombra a 50%. Foram encontrados 237 indivíduos, pertencentes a 13 famílias botânicas, 22 gêneros e 26 espécies. A densidade total do banco de sementes foi de 43 sementes/m2. O tratamento sombra apresentou densidade de 33,2 sem/m2, com maior diversidade de indivíduos. Já o tratamento a pleno sol, obteve densidade de 9,28 sem/m2. O ambiente sob sombrite proporcionou maior germinação e sobrevivência inicial de plântulas.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS MORADORES DE BARRA DE MAXARANGUAPE – RN A RESPEITO DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NA FAIXA DE PRAIA
Authors: Silva Hudson Alves da , Alves Laís Rodrigues , Siqueira Maria de Lourdes da Penha Santos , Santos Rafaela Caroline Alves dos , De Oliveira Narla Sathler Musse
Published: January 2016

Um dos grandes problemas existentes nos municípios litorâneos do Rio Grande do Norte é a forma inadequada do uso e ocupação do solo nas faixas de praia, ocasionando graves impactos socioambientais. Diante do exposto, este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir o uso e ocupação do solo na faixa de praia de Barra de Maxaranguape, no município de Maxaranguape – RN, a partir da percepção dos moradores da localidade estudada. A metodologia consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica, visita in loco, roda de conversa com pescadores locais e a presidente da colônia de pescadores e uma entrevista semiestruturada com uma das moradoras mais antigas da área estudada. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que a área analisada sofre com a forma inadequada do uso e ocupação do solo, pois muitas casas estão edificadas na faixa de praia, sofrendo diretamente com a erosão costeira e correndo o risco de desabamento. Assim, é necessário que as pessoas sejam educadas para fazerem um adequado uso do solo e não invadir as áreas próximas ao mar e que os poderes públicos empreendam estudos técnicos sobre a dinâmica costeira para subsidiar futuras obras de recomposição da face de praia.
ELEMENTUM - LÚDICO COMO FERRAMENTA FACILITADORA DO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM SOBRE TABELA PERIÓDICA
Authors: Pinheiro Iraciana Antônia de Morais , Souza Ádsson Diôgo Martins de , Moreira Edson Fernandes , Bertini Luciana Medeiros , Fernandes Paulo Roberto Nunes , Alves Leonardo Alcântara
Published: January 2016

No presente estudo buscou-se incentivar o uso de jogos lúdicos para o ensino de química, bem como, introduzir na educação o jogo Elementum como meio facilitador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem sobre a tabela periódica. Por meio dos questionários aplicados após o jogo, teve-se um diagnóstico comprovando que o uso de jogos lúdicos, em especial o Elementum, foi um grande incentivo para a aprendizagem dos alunos. Notando-se então, uma aprendizagem de forma satisfatória e mais espontânea dos mesmos.
A CIDADANIA PARTICIPATIVA NO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Paganini Juliana , Vieira Reginaldo de Souza
Published: January 2016

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a cidadania participativa no Sistema Único de Assistência Social, através de seus mecanismos legitimadores, tendo como marco a Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 e a regulamentação da Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social. A escolha do tema se deu pelo reconhecimento de as políticas públicas realizadas pelo Estado serem fiscalizadas e deliberadas pela sociedade, ocasionando um avanço em termos de cidadania participativa. Utilizou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, adotando a abordagem qualitativa e o procedimento monográfico. As técnicas envolveram pesquisa documental-legal e bibliográfica. Os resultados comprovaram que o Sistema Único de Assistência Social possui instrumentos para a realização da cidadania participativa, por meio dos conselhos e conferências, na qualidade de espaços de controle social, que devem ser reinventados quotidianamente pela sociedade, sob pena de se converterem apenas em estruturas cartoriais de cumprimento de requisitos formais para a transferência de recursos públicos, fundados em práticas patrimonialistas e clientelistas.
"OH! LET THE BOYS FIGHT, IT'S IN THEIR NATURE” - A STUDY ON GENDER STEREOTYPES IN REGARDS TO PUNISHMENT MEASURES
Authors: Duteil Deyries Sophie
Published: January 2016

As demonstrated by a number of studies on the construction of gender roles, school staffs continue to discriminate, in a number of ways, between girls and boys. The male pupils and the female pupils are not considered or handled in the same way, and punishment is an important part of this discriminatory system. The study aims to show, through the example of punishment, how girls and boys are subjected to gender-specific conditioning in a high-school of the region of Montpellier (South of France). By basing itself both on quantitative methodologies (questionnaires, study of archives and of the use of certain "words" [disciplinary remarks] in the pupil report cards) and qualitative ones (discussion with the teachers), the study at hand gives cause for statistics and thematic analysis, demonstrating how the behavior of adults and pupils is both discriminating and discriminated against. Several hypotheses allow one to grasp what takes place when a punishment is handed out to a pupil and what it furthers in the child, the adult, and their peers. This study was conducted in France, as final thesis of a Master’s degree.
GERMINAÇÃO E SANIDADE DE SEMENTES DE CUPUAÇU (Theobroma grandiflorum) TRATADAS COM FUNGICIDAS
Authors: Sanches Alex Guimarães , Moreira Elaine Gleice Silva , Da Silva Maryelle Barros , Costa Jaqueline Macedo , Cordeiro Carlos Alberto Martins
Published: January 2016

A qualidade da semente é fator de extrema importância para que se obtenha uma muda sadia e consequentemente uma boa produtividade, e o armazenamento é prática fundamental para o controle da qualidade fisiológica da semente. Assim, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o potencial germinativo e a sanidade de sementes de cupuaçu tratadas com diferentes fungicidas por um período de seis meses. As sementes avaliadas foram da variedade redondo, estas foram submetidas a seis diferentes tratamentos com fungicidas e armazenadas a temperatura de 5°C por seis meses. A cada dois meses avaliaram-se a porcentagem de germinação, IVE, teste de frio, envelhecimento acelerado, teor de água, condutividade elétrica e sanidade das sementes. Dentre as características avaliadas não houve interação somente para teor de água e condutividade elétrica. Observou-se efeito positivo dos tratamentos com fungicidas no controle dos fungos sem comprometer a germinação quando comparados a testemunha. O fungicida Captan apresentou os melhores resultados para todas as características avaliadas. Verificou-se ainda que o potencial germinativo é comprometido após dois meses de armazenamento independente do tratamento utilizado.
Imagens em trânsito: as virgens de Luján e Sumampa e os circuitos coloniais na América Meridional na primeira metade do século XVII
Authors: Vilardaga José Carlos
Published: January 2016

RESUMO Neste artigo busca-se analisar a materialidade e parte da trajetória de duas imagens seiscentistas em terracota - uma de Nossa Senhora da Conceição e outra de Nossa Senhora da Consolação - que se tornaram, respectivamente, a Virgen de Luján, padroeira da Argentina, e a Virgen de Sumampa. Ambas são compreendidas aqui como entrelaçadas nas variadas redes e conexões estabelecidas entre a América portuguesa e espanhola, nos espaços contíguos da América Meridional na primeira metade do século XVII. No texto, discute-se uma possível procedência "paulista" dessas imagens, o que, para além de uma aparente casualidade, atesta como o grande "espaço peruano", articulado por Potosí, incluía também distintas regiões da América portuguesa. É nesse espaço ampliado, marcado pelo tráfego de pessoas, mercadorias e objetos atrelados às redes comerciais de contrabando, que acompanhamos os percursos dessas duas imagens, buscando visualizar como elas ganharam sentidos peculiares em ambientes e contextos diversos.
Duchamp's Erotic Stereoscopic Exercises
Authors: Adams Gavin
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT: This article explores certain links between medicine and art, with regard to their use of stereoscopy. I highlight a work by the artist Marcel Duchamp (the ready-made Stéréoscopie a la Main) and stereoscopic cards used in ophthalmic medicine. Both instances involve the drawing of graphic marks over previously existing stereoscopic cards. This similarity between Stéréoscopie a la Main and stereoscopic cards is echoed in the form of "stereoscopic exercises." Stereoscopic exercises were prescribed by doctors to be performed with the stereoscope as early as 1864. Stereoscopic cards were widely diffused in the 19th century, often promoted as "stay-at-home travel." It was over such kinds of materials that both Marcel Duchamp and doctors of ophthalmic medicine drew their graphic marks. I explore Duchamp's Stéréoscopie a la Main as a hypothetical basis for stereoscopic exercises of different types, proposing that this rectified ready-made is the locus for erotic stereoscopic exercises.
Éthique procédurale, entre petits arrangements et transgression: comparaison Brésil-France
Authors: Colinet Severine , Passos Izabel Friche
Published: January 2016

Résumé Dans une approche socio-historique et à partir de nos propres expériences, cet article se propose de comprendre les enjeux relatifs à l’éthique procédurale en France et au Brésil. Les résultats de cette comparaison montrent la même tension disciplinaire entre sciences sociales et biomédicales. On observe une politique volontariste de régulation de la recherche avec des humains dans les deux pays mais qui en France, contrairement au Brésil, n’est pas encore géneralisée. L’éthique procédurale, caractérisée comme normative, protocolaire et standardisée uniformise la manière de penser les recherches. Confrontés à des logiques antagonistes, les chercheurs sont fortement tentés de contourner les procédures.
La historia de la Ley de Responsabilidad Penal de menores de edad en Chile: un ejercicio genealógico y una propuesta de análisis
Authors: Madariaga Jimena Carrasco
Published: January 2016

Resumen El año 2007 comenzó a regir en Chile la ley de responsabilidad penal de menores de edad. Como consecuencia se han desarrollado una serie de programas orientados a intervenir adolescentes, con un fuerte énfasis en el tratamiento y rehabilitación de consumo de sustancias. En el presente trabajo, se busca mirar dicho proceso desde una perspectiva crítica, utilizando un abordaje genealógico. Se da cuenta del surgimiento de un nuevo ámbito de acción para los saberes psi, el joven infractor de ley, como resultado de procesos de configuración y articulación de tres ámbitos de gobierno: el castigo y la privación de libertad, el cuidado de los menores de edad y el control del consumo de drogas. Se concluye con la propuesta de un marco comprensivo crítico para el análisis de las prácticas y los discursos en torno a la intervención de este nuevo sujeto.