bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated, quick, and precise building extraction from aerial images using ll-unet model
Authors: Koringa Hasmukh P , Patel Miral J
Published: July 2024

The subject matter of this article is the detection and semantic segmentation of buildings from high-resolution aerial images. It extracts building images from similar characteristics of roads and soil objects. It is used for various applications such as urban planning, infrastructure development, and disaster management. The goal of this study is to develop a fast, accurate, and automatic building detection model based on the semantic segmentation LL-UNET architecture that is optimized and tuned with proper hyper parameter settings. The tasks to be solved are as follows: collect remote sensing building dataset that is divided into three parts of training, validation, and testing; apply data augmentation on the training dataset by vertical flip, horizontal flip, and rotation methods; further pass into the bilateral filter to remove noises from the images; optimize LL-UNET model by various optimizer methods and tuned hyper parameter by proper selection value, the method is compared by the performance metrics recall, precision, and accuracy. The following results were obtained: the model is evaluated under the training loss curve and accuracy curve of different optimizers SGD, ASGD, ADAM, ADAMW, and RMSProp; it measures the training time, mean accuracy, and mean IOU parameters during the training phase; the testing phase is evaluated by precision and recall; the method is compared by visualizing the result of LL-UNET + different optimizers; and the proposed method is compared with the existing method by common evolution parameters metric. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: 1) the LL-UNET effectively segmented the building remotely sensed images in the limited number of training samples available; 2) the loss function of the model observed under hyper parameter selection of the optimizer, learning rate, batch size, and epochs; which makes an optimal model to extract the building in an accurate and fast manner from the complex background; 3) the proposed model results compared with a well-known model of the building extraction under the common evaluation metrics of F1 score.
A unified model and method for forecasting energy consumption in distributed computing systems based on stationary and mobile devices
Authors: Mamchych Oleksandr , Volk Maksym
Published: July 2024

The subject of research in this article is the forecasting of energy consumption when computing distributed tasks on computer networks built on the basis of server solutions and distributed systems based on personal smartphones. The goal of this study was to create a universal computing energy cost prediction model that can be applied to both traditional and mobile cloud systems. Tasks: conduct an analysis of energy-saving approaches and technologies used to calculate data; consider computer system models and actions with them, namely: model of distributed job, model of distributed computing system, model of distribution strategy; develop a common and uniform dynamic method of forecasting spent energy with a focus on heterogeneous systems; conduct a study of the proposed approach on stationary and mobile devices. The obtained results include. The results of the experimental measurement of the energy consumption of mobile digital systems and stationary ones are presented. The energy efficiency of computing on GPUs of a stationary device based on CUDA technology and GPUs on mobile devices based on Apple Metal technology was determined. Computation during the calculation of 600 frames on a distributed system from mobile devices with failure settings showed a consumption of 15320 joules of energy. Simulation of computing on a distributed system with stationary devices showed a consumption of 52806 joules of energy. This gives us 3,45 times the consumption benefit from computing on mobile devices. Forecasted consumption is also very accurate. Conclusions. The energy consumption assessment model proved to be quite effective. The results of the experiments show that the energy consumption estimation model takes into account the features of the hardware platform where data processing is performed. Computation of data on the GPU of stationary devices loses energy efficiency to a similar implementation on the GPU of Apple Metal from mobile devices. Therefore, the presented results demonstrate the rationality of using mobile graphics processors for energy-efficient information processing.
Leveraging datasets for effective mitigation of DDoS attacks in software-defined networking: significance and challenges
Authors: Dhadhal Hema , Kotak Paresh
Published: July 2024

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for network management, offering centralized control and programmability. However, with the proliferation of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks that pose significant threats to network infrastructures, effective mitigation strategies are needed. The subject matter of this study is to explore the importance of datasets in the mitigation of DDoS attacks in SDN environments. The paper discusses the significance of datasets for training machine learning models, evaluating detection mechanisms, and enhancing the resilience of SDN-based defense systems. Goal of the paper is to assist researchers in effectively selecting and usage of datasets for DDoS mitigation in SDN, thereby maximizing benefits and overcoming challenges involved in dataset selection. This paper outlines the challenges associated with dataset collection, labeling, and management, along with potential solutions to address these challenges. Effective detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in SDN require robust datasets that capture the diverse and evolving nature of attack scenarios. Characterization of tasks for each section is as follows: Importance of datasets in DDoS attack mitigation in SDN, challenges in dataset utilization in DDoS mitigation in SDN, Guidelines for dataset selection, comparison of datasets used and their results and different dataset usage according to the need.  Methodology involves collecting results in tabular form based on prior research to analyze the characteristics of existing datasets, techniques for dataset augmentation and enhancement, and evaluating the effectiveness of different datasets in detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks through comprehensive experimentation. Results of our findings indicate that effective detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in SDN require robust datasets that capture the diverse and evolving nature of attack scenarios. Our findings provide valuable insights into the importance of datasets in enhancing the resilience of SDN infrastructures against DDoS attacks. In conclusion, our findings provide valuable insights into the importance of datasets in enhancing the resilience of SDN infrastructures against DDoS attacks and highlight the need for further research in this critical area. Thorough guidelines for dataset selection and impacts of different datasets used in recent studies, provide research challenges and future directions in this area.
Ensuring cybersecurity of FPGA as a service with the use of penetration testing of components
Authors: Tetskyi Artem , Perepelitsyn Artem , Illiashenko Oleg , Morozova Olga , Uzun Dmytro
Published: July 2024

The subject of study in this article is modern penetration testing technologies, in which the test object is the implementation of a service based on a platform using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) resources. The goal of this study is to improve modern methods of penetration testing of services provided by FPGA as a Service (FaaS) to find vulnerabilities for further fixing and increasing the level of services security and trust. Task: to analyze the technological capabilities for the development of FPGA as a Service; to analyze possible threats for FPGA as a Service platform; to analyze the structure of the FPGA as a Service platform and the peculiarities of attacks on it; to analyze options for using the penetration testing standard; to propose the classification of possible use of FPGA as a Service platform for solving of cybersecurity tasks; and to propose the sequence of critical components of ensuring of the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform. The following results were obtained based on the tasks. The analysis of the capabilities of existing chips, FPGA accelerator cards, programming technologies, and the integrated environments of a leading company for creation of FPGA as a Service is performed. A study on the cybersecurity problems of FPGA as a Service platforms is conducted, and a set of components to ensure the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service Platform is proposed. Modern cybersecurity threats of FPGA as a Service platforms are analyzed. A threat structure for FPGA as a Service is proposed. The possibility of applying a penetration testing standard to FPGA services is considered. Regular audits and penetration testing are crucial elements of a cybersecurity strategy and help maintain customer and user trust in FPGA services. Based on the analysis of the possible use of FPGA as a Service to solve cybersecurity tasks, a classification of five variants considering FPGA as an object and tool is proposed. The sequence of critical components of ensuring of the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform is proposed to correspond to modern known threats. Complex activities, including the software updates, security monitoring, auditing, and penetration testing, based on security standards. Conclusions. The primary contribution and scientific novelty of the obtained results is the research into the possibilities of penetration testing for services, where the test object is a platform with access to FPGA. As in many other areas, ensuring the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform is complex, and ignoring any component can lead to critical consequences. Applying only penetration testing is not enough; therefore, a comprehensive list of cybersecurity measures for FPGA as a Service platforms is provided, underlining the urgency and necessity of their implementation.
Improving user security during a call
Authors: Astrakhantsev Andrii , Pedan Stanislav
Published: July 2024

The recent development of mobile networks has led to the emergence of new threats and methods of implementing existing ones. Phishing attacks, including robocalls, are causing record losses to both individual users and large corporations. At the same time, existing countermeasures cannot provide protection against such attacks because most existing solutions focus on device authentication, whereas user authentication does not occur during a call. Another problem with mobile networks is that there is no point-to-point encryption, i.e., the speech is encrypted only on the segment from the subscriber to the base station. The subject of study in this article is the process of ensuring user security during a call. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of mutual user authentication and end-to-end data encryption in a mobile network during a call. The main objectives are the protection of users from spoofing and vishing and the proposal of a protection method by implementing mutual authentication of users during a call without storing confidential information on the side of a "trusted third party". Method of secure key exchange and end-to-end encryption during a call in the mobile network was proposed. It prevents the interception of calls by the operator for circuit-switched and packet networks. The methods used are mathematical modelling, ontological approach, and multi-criteria optimization models. Because of this research, an algorithm for mutual authentication of users is proposed by introducing biometric authentication methods and modifying the sequence of messages during a call. The proposed approach can be implemented for CS-call and VoLTE/VoWiFi calls. A call cannot be received without user biometric authentication; such as ear pattern or bone conduction methods. Modified SETUP and CONNECT ACK messages are used to inform the other party about the user verification result. This prevents user spoofing, call masquerading, and robocalls. A combination of the proposed asymmetric encryption, a short authentication string, and hashes of previous calls provides a higher level of confidentiality, integrity, and additional resistance to man-in-the-middle attacks. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is the integration of the above methods into the sequence of call flow messages for providing mutual authentication, end-to-end encryption, and counteraction to the number of network attacks. The proposed methods allow one level to increase the provision of services of privacy and observation groups and can be implemented in the software part of user equipment.
Modeling waves of a strike drones swarm for a massive attack on enemy targets
Authors: Fedorovich Oleg , Krytskyi Dmytro , Leshchenko Oleksandr , Yashina Olena , Malieieva Yuliia
Published: July 2024

This article solves the relevant task of studying military operations on a massive wave attack by a swarm of strike drones against enemy targets in a combat zone (CZ) of a military conflict. This research solves operational and tactical tasks for planning active actions on the battlefield by applying a massive strike on enemy targets by a swarm of combat drones (kamikaze drones). Therefore, the topic of the proposed publication is relevant; it analyzes and explores the sequence of logistical military actions to plan a massive attack using waves of strike drones. The purpose of this study is to create a set of models for applied information technology that will allow planning logistical actions for the effective use of a strike drone swarm to conduct a massive wave attack on enemy targets. This article analyzes problems associated with the formation of a swarm of drones, splitting the swarm into groups, and forming waves for active combat operations on the battlefield. Enemy targets will be attacked by strike drones in the waves formation, which makes it possible to carry out further successful operational and tactical actions. This study assesses the combat capability of a swarm of drones required to defeat enemy targets in a military conflict zone. It creates a systematic representation of the sequence of actions taken to plan a massive drone swarm attack, considering the combat capability and number of drones. With the help of military experts, the composition of the actual CZs is formed, in which the targets must be hit in the first place. The swarm of drones is rationally divided into groups that are directed to a set of targets in the CZs, considering the combat capability of drones to defeat targets. Waves of strike drones are planned to maximize damage to enemy targets. This research analyzes possible directions of drone movement toward enemy targets despite military threats. The models form flight routes of drones swarming to enemy targets under the conditions of possible anti-drone actions. An agent model was created using the Any Logic platform to simulate drone flight and form the routes of the drone swarm groups. This article presents an illustrated example of planning logistical actions to use waves of strike drone swarms for a massive attack on enemy targets. The scientific novelty of this study is related to solving the relevant problem of preparing and planning logistical actions for a massive attack on enemy targets using waves of strike drones by creating a set of optimization and simulation models that contribute to the effectiveness of further military attack operations on the battlefield. The results of the study could be used by military leaders to plan the use of a drone swarm to launch a massive attack on enemy targets in a military conflict zone.
Deber de investigación y femicidio en Ecuador: Respuesta estatal a las víctimas (2014-2021)
Authors: Monteiro Viviane , Da Fonte Carvalho Marcella
Published: July 2024

El deber de investigación del Estado es una de las categorías que compone el deber de debida diligencia, como obligación estatal en materia de derechos humanos. En este contexto, el deber de investigar es un presupuesto para el derecho a la verdad, a la justicia y una adecuada reparación para las víctimas. Consecuentemente, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la efectividad de la respuesta del sistema judicial ecuatoriano en la investigación de casos de femicidio. Al efecto, se realizó un análisis teórico conceptual, delimitando conceptualmente la debida diligencia y el deber de investigar como ejes fundamentales para garantizar el acceso a la justicia y la tutela judicial efectiva, desde un enfoque cualitativo. Posteriormente, se efectuó un estudio exploratorio de los casos de femicidio que se presentaron en Ecuador entre 2014 y 2021, con base en estadística descriptiva. De esta manera, fue posible analizar la efectividad de la respuesta del sistema judicial en la investigación de casos de femicidio. El estudio permite evidenciar que, en la mayoría de casos, no se observó la debida diligencia ni se cumplió a cabalidad con el deber de investigación, razón por la cual es posible afirmar que se limitó el acceso a la justicia y no fue posible asegurar la tutela judicial efectiva para las víctimas.
Propuestas Alternativas a la Violencia: Más que una metodología, una filosofía para la vida
Authors: Betancourth Aragón Zaida Victoria Narcisa , Gutiérrez Durán Patricia Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Este texto realiza una revisión teórica de Propuestas Alternativas a la Violencia (PAV), una metodología para debatir y trabajar alternativas a la violencia que se ve nutrida por los aportes de la educación popular y de Paulo Freire. El texto realiza una breve conceptualización histórica de PAV en Ecuador, y brinda una comprensión de la violencia y de los aportes de estas propuestas para el logro de una cultura de paz. Se detallan, complementariamente, los distintos elementos de la metodología PAV (afirmación, escucha y comunicación asertiva, construcción cooperativa, creación de comunidad) y, en particular, del poder transformador que integra cada uno de ellos. En la última parte, se presentan algunos testimonios de participantes y se discuten los alcances y desafíos para los actuales contextos de violencia en el país.
Especies invasoras y derechos de la naturaleza: El caso de los impulsores genéticos en Galápagos
Authors: Bravo Velásquez Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

La erradicación de especies exóticas invasoras, especialmente en ecosistemas insulares, es uno de los temas de mayor interés para las organizaciones que trabajan en la conservación de especies endémicas. Entre las estrategias de control se han propuesto las tecnologías genéticas, incluyendo los impulsores genéticos, lo que presenta una serie de preocupaciones desde el punto de vista de los derechos ambientales y de la naturaleza, especialmente en un país como Ecuador, donde estos derechos están reconocidos y donde están prohibidos los organismos genéticamente modificados que atenten contra los ecosistemas y el patrimonio genético nacional. En este artículo se analiza la propuesta de erradicación de roedores exóticos invasivos en Galápagos.
La imaginación patriarcal: Emergencia y silenciamiento de la mujer escritora en la prensa y la literatura ecuatorianas, 1860-1900
Authors: Astudillo-Figueroa Alexandra
Published: July 2024

Esta obra es un esfuerzo por hacer converger, a partir de la propuesta de dominación patriarcal, varios proyectos de investigación que exponen el interés del autor por desentrañar el imaginario patriarcal que acompañó la producción escrituraria femenina y la producción de crítica literaria masculina en Ecuador durante el período comprendido entre 1860 y 1900. Utilizando como fuente primaria artículos literarios y ensayos publicados en la prensa, novelas y documentos inéditos, propone un registro de la emergencia y del silenciamiento de las mujeres como escritoras en la prensa y como personajes en la literatura ecuatoriana.
Drug Related Cheilitis Along with Developed Angular Cheilitis: Case Report
Authors: Amatul Firdaus Ramadhan  , Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto  , Febrina Rahmayanti
Published: July 2024

Isotretinoin is used to treat severe acne, and despite the therapeutic benefits, it has many side effects, including cheilitis on lips. This case report reviewed the importance of assessing the medical and pharmacological histories during anamnesis in the management of drug-related and angular cheilitis. Case: A 22-year-old female patient presented with complaints of dry, cracked, bleeding, and pain on the upper and lower lips, which occurred 7 days ago. Previous similar complaints were reported, although not severe. The patient had habits of lip licking, low water intake, and an irregular menstrual cycle. There was a history of using Roaccutane (isotretinoin) for acne treatment. Extraoral examination showed dry, desquamated lips with crusts, while intraoral examination had no abnormalities. Case management: The patient was prescribed NaCl 0.9%, Vaseline album, and hydrocortisone cream 1% twice daily. However, during treatment, angular cheilitis developed, prompting the prescription of miconazole cream 2% twice daily. One month later, all of the patient’s complaints were successfully treated with no subjective issues. Proper history taking and examinations were fundamental to making the right decisions and definite treatment plans.
Evaluating Oral Hygiene and Caries Prevalence among Deaf and Hard of Hearing Orphans at Karya Murni Orphanage in Medan
Authors: Sofyanti Ervina , Siregar Darmayanti , Sitanggang Maria Novita Helen , Sitorus Marshall Gregory , Kwan Min Fook
Published: July 2024

Access to equal oral health attention is the right of all human beings, including orphan children with hearing loss or deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between the level of oral hygiene and caries indexing among the sub-population of DHH orphans receiving special care at Karya Murni orphanage in Medan City. A cross-sectional design was used with non-probability sampling to select 58 orphans willing to engage in the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) and mean of Decayed, Missing, and Filled Permanent Teeth (DMFT) assessment during dental and oral cavity screening after participating in counseling activities. Furthermore, the results showed a positive correlation (p=0.007) between oral hygiene and caries, suggesting that OHI-S impacted DMFT by approximately 34.9%, with both index scores presenting proportional equivalence. There is a need to conduct regular dental health monitoring along with education on visual methods and sign language among DHH orphans. Additionally, DHH orphan caregivers should actively engage in enhancing personal health behaviors, particularly to maintain oral and dental health.
Vocal cord immobility after lateral pharyngotomy extraction of the impacted dentures in the upper esophagus: A Case Report
Authors: Tamin Susyana , Koento Trimartani , Hutauruk Syahrial Marsinta , Supit Ivana , Ardiantara Sabda
Published: July 2024

Impaction of foreign bodies in the esophagus is a frequent emergency in otorhinolaryngology. However, diagnosing and managing denture impaction in the esophagus presents greater challenges compared to other foreign bodies, often leading to various complications. This study reported a rare case of vocal cord immobility after the evacuation of denture impaction in the esophagus using lateral pharyngotomy. The patient, a 73-year-old man, experienced throat discomfort after swallowing a denture an hour before admission. According to the CT scan carried out, a 3.7 cm long denture was found around the T3-T5 spine level and was located 3 mm lateral right to the descendant aorta and 4 mm posterior of the trachea. During esophagoscopy extraction, the denture was stuck in the upper esophagus and was successfully evacuated by lateral pharyngotomy. Subsequently, the patient developed vocal cord immobility, and this case underscores the importance of considering vocal cord complications following the extraction of a denture impaction in the esophagus.
Determination Study of Measurement Uncertainty On Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Using Several Chemical Analysis Methods
Authors: Chairuddin
Published: July 2024

The measurement uncertainty on crude palm oil (CPO) for the determination of free fatty acid using the neutralization titration method base AOCS Ca5a – 40, and the determination of the Fe2+ using the spectrophotometric method have been studied. The process of uncertainty estimation is based on specifying measurand, identifying uncertainty sources, quantifying uncertainty using type A (by the statistical analysis of series of observations) and type B (by the other statistical analysis of series observations) evaluation of uncertainty, then converting them to deviation standards, and the last step was to calculate and combine the uncertainty standard and uncertainty expanded. Spreadsheet software MS Exel 2007 based on Kragten spreadsheet uncertainty calculation method was used to simplify the calculation of the combined standard uncertainty. The combined standard uncertainty was multiplied with a coverage factor of 2, and the expanded uncertainty for analysis determination of free fatty acid using the neutralization titration method based on AOCS Ca5a–40 with a concentration of 0.1612 mol/L in the sample solution was ±0.0002 mol/L. Whereas the expanded uncertainty for the determination of Fe2+ using a spectrophotometric method with a concentration of 0.131 mg/L in the sample solution was ±0.083 mg/L and calculated using a coverage factor of 2.14.
Upaya Timor Leste Bergabung Menjadi Negara Anggota ASEAN ke-11 Ditinjau Berdasarkan Perspektif Hukum Internasional
Authors: Kevin Fausta Zahran
Published: July 2024

Artikel ini membahas mengenai bergabungnya Timor Leste sebagai negara anggota ASEAN ke-11 yang ditinjau berdasarkan perspektif hukum internasional. Timor Leste dalam usahanya untuk memperjuangkan status keanggotaan penuh di ASEAN, nyatanya membutuhkan proses yang cukup panjang dan rumit. Hal ini cukup berbeda dengan saat penerimaan beberapa anggota ASEAN lainnya, seperti Kamboja, Myanmar, Laos, dan Vietnam. Tujuan dari penelitian, yaitu untuk mengetahui berbagai hambatan yang dialami oleh Timor Leste pada saat memperjuangkan perolehan status keanggotaan penuh dari ASEAN dan untuk mengetahui upaya-upaya yang dilakukan Timor Leste untuk memberikan kepercayaan kepada anggota ASEAN yang lain berdasarkan perspektif hukum internasional, bahwa Timor Leste patut untuk menjadi anggota ASEAN ke-11. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hambatan yang dialami Timor Leste sebagian besar didasarkan pada alasan bahwa Timor Leste merupakan negara yang baru merdeka pada tahun 2002, sehingga apabila bergabung menjadi anggota ASEAN akan berdampak buruk dan tidak memberikan dampak atau kontribusi terhadap ASEAN. Simpulan dalam penelitian bahwasanya berbagai upaya, salah satunya kerja sama internasional telah banyak dilangsungkan oleh Timor Leste untuk membuktikan bahwa Timor Leste layak menjadi anggota ASEAN, sehingga pada November 2022 Timor Leste dinyatakan tergabung dalam ASEAN.
Tinjauan Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Hasil Kesepakatan Perdamaian dalam Mediasi di Luar Pengadilan
Authors: Fitriani Rini , Asnawi M. Iqbal , Muis Arman , Fatimah  , Mirfa Enny
Published: July 2024

Sengketa merupakan bentuk aktualisasi atas perbedaan kepentingan diantara kedua belah pihak atau lebih. Munculnya sengketa apabila pihak yang merasa dirugikan menuntut haknya untuk menyelesaikan masalahnya dengan pihak yang menimbulkan kerugian. Penyelesaian sengketa para pihak mencari jalan penyelesaian yang mudah, cepat dan adil, dimana kedua belah pihak tidak merasa dirugikan (win-win solution) yaitu melalui alternatif penyelesaian di luar Pengadilan. Salah satu bentuk penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan adalah Mediasi. Mediasi merupakan penyelesaian sengketa melalui perundingan dengan bantuan pihak ketiga netral (mediator) guna mencari bentuk penyelesaian yang dapat disepakati para pihak. Mediasi pada dasarnya adalah musyawarah dan mufakat. Jika secara mediasi terdapat kata sepakat, maka akan dituangkan dalam suatu kesepakatan perdamaian. Namun ketika salah satu pihak tidak  melaksanakan kesepakatan perdamaian dengan itikad tidak baik maka akibatnya  membuat pihak yang dirugikan tidak mendapatkan kepastian hukum  karena tidak dapat mengajukan permohonan eksekusi ke Pengadilan atau tidak memiliki kekuatan eksekutorial. Timbul permasalahan 1) upaya yang dapat ditempuh bagi para pihak dalam menyelesaikan sengketa perdata melalui proses mediasi dan 2) proses mediasi yang memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum dalam mengeksekusi hasil kesepakatan para pihak. Penelitian ini adlah penelitian normatif bersifat kualitatif dan perspektif, pada penelitian hukum  normatif akan menginterpretasi secara preskriptif tentang hukum sebagai suatu system nilai ideal, hukum sebagai sistem konseptual, dan hukum sebagai sistem hukum positif. Hasil penelitian 1) Upaya penyelesaian sengketa melalui mediasi dilakukan melalui tahan-tahap yang dilaksanakan dengan bantuan mediator yang netral sampai menghasilkan kesepakatan perdamaian. 2) Untuk memperoleh kepastian hukum para pihak harus sepakat untuk mengukuhkannya menjadi akta perdamaian, sehingga kesepakatan perdamaian   tersebut   memiliki kekuatan hukum.
Illegal Online Loan (Pinjol) in Indonesia: Ethical and Human Rights Perspectives
Authors: Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra
Published: July 2024

The objective of this research is to explore the pervasive issue of illegal online loan (Pinjol) in Indonesia, focusing on its implications on human rights and ethical standards. This research uses sociolegal research method combined with statutory, sociological and case study approach, using secondary data which are analysed qualitatively. Through an analysis of factors driving individuals towards illegal Pinjol, regulatory frameworks governing Pinjol transactions, and the alarming cases of human rights violations related to Pinjol, this research highlights the multifaceted nature of the problem. Drawing on insights from government initiatives, regulatory measures, and proposed solutions, this research underscores the importance of comprehensive strategies to address illegal Pinjol practices while protecting the rights and dignity of consumers. By advocating for public awareness campaigns, enhanced consumer protection measures, community engagement, and strengthened legal frameworks, Indonesia can achieve a fair and transparent digital economy that prioritizes the well-being of all Indonesian citizens.
A Importância do Ecocardiograma Fetal na Detecção Precoce e Gestão de Anomalias Cardíacas Pós-Natais
Authors: Lage Tereza Christina Moterani Junqueira , Marins Fernanda Ribeiro
Published: July 2024

Anomalias cardíacas congênitas são uma causa significativa de morbimortalidade infantil globalmente, exigindo cuidados complexos desde o período pré-natal até a idade adulta. O ecocardiograma fetal se destaca como uma ferramenta essencial para o diagnóstico precoce dessas anomalias, permitindo intervenções terapêuticas planejadas e reduzindo o risco de complicações graves após o nascimento. O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura é comparar os desfechos neonatais entre casos diagnosticados e não diagnosticados intraútero, a fim de fornecer evidências sólidas para aprimorar as práticas clínicas e melhorar os resultados de saúde para os recém-nascidos afetados por anomalias cardíacas congênitas e tem como objetivo adicional promover educação em saúde para essa região e para a área médica de diagnóstico por imagem. Estudos mostram que o diagnóstico pré-natal está associado a melhores desfechos neonatais, incluindo menor morbimortalidade e redução na necessidade de cirurgias emergenciais. Apesar dos avanços na tecnologia, o exame ainda não é acessível a todos e nem prescrito de rotina, tendo como resultado a detecção de anomalias cardíacas apenas após o nascimento, resultando em complicações sérias. A revisão de literatura destaca a importância da colaboração multidisciplinar e a necessidade de educação em saúde para melhorar o acesso ao diagnóstico precoce em áreas com recursos limitados. A revisão evidencia que o ecocardiograma fetal desempenha um papel crucial na identificação precoce e na gestão eficaz das anomalias cardíacas congênitas, melhorando significativamente os resultados de saúde neonatal.
International student mobility
Authors: Schirmer Hendrik
Published: July 2024

The EHEA has prioritised international student mobility since the beginning of the Bologna Process, with recent efforts including the European Commission's endorsement of the "Europe on the Move" initiative aiming to increase learning mobility, address barriers, and promote sustainability. However, socio-economic factors continue to influence participation, especially among those from lower socio-economic backgrounds, potentially exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Indeed, findings in the chapter at hand show that social inequalities in international student mobility persist, favouring students with parental academic backgrounds. Additional (and at least partly interrelated) factors like migration background, parental financial status, and field of study influence mobility participation. Financing remains the major obstacle for studies abroad, highlighting the need for targeted support programs. While Erasmus+ is popular for organising study periods abroad, internships are often independently organised. A rise in other, unspecified activities abroad potentially reflects students' adaptations to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Policy considerations
Authors: Hauschildt Kristina
Published: July 2024

This chapter synthesises key findings from the eighth round of the EUROSTUDENT survey, aiming to provide a panoramic view of cross-cutting issues affecting students in European higher education. This chapter highlights relevant issues and intends to inspire national policymakers to reflect on the identified patterns and insights from 25 countries in their own national contexts. Two perspectives are taken: firstly, the situation of different student groups is comprehensively described, underscoring the diversity of student experiences. Secondly, key issues affecting many students are identified and outlined. By then linking the project and its results to the 'Principles and Guidelines to Strengthen the Social Dimension of Higher Education in the EHEA', it is presented how EUROSTUDENT can inform ongoing efforts to enhance the social dimension of higher education in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA).
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SMARTPHONE PADA METEORCELL MALANG
Authors: Maky Zainuddin Ahmad , Pradiani Theresia , Rahman Agus
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas produk, harga dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian smartphone pada Meteorcell Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik random sampling dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara langsung  kepada para pelanggan Meteorcell Malang. Data penelitian diolah secara kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis jalur, menggunakan Aplikasi SPSS versi  22.0. Hasil penelitian didukung data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil pengisian kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kualitas produk berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (2) harga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (3) promosi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
Combinação de negócios
Authors: Rabelo Henrique Marcelo , Da Silva Costa Paula , Saporito Antonio , Braz Silva Sandro
Published: July 2024

No Brasil, a carga tributária é sabidamente elevada e por isso o planejamento tributário se faz necessário para preservar resultados empresariais. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar os impactos do goodwill proveniente de operações de reorganização societária utilizando metodologia descritiva, exploratória, qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental, através de estudo de caso único. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o goodwill dedutível da base de cálculo do IR e CSLL apresenta impacto fiscal significativo no lucro, tornando viável sua utilização como forma de planejamento tributário. Recomenda-se para pesquisas futuras analisar outros itens que possam impactar diretamente a base de cálculo do IR e CSLL.
تأثير تمرينات بمصاحبة المنظومة الذكية في بعض القدرات التوافقية لحراس مرمى كرة اليد بأعمار 13-15 سنة
Authors: Asst. Lec. Hussein Mahdi Saleh  , Prof. Dr. Hassim Abdul Jabbar Saleh
Published: July 2024

تم تحديد مشكلة البحث من خلال خبرة الباحثان العلمية في مجال تدريب كرة اليد وبعد الاطلاع على حراس المرمى لدى منتخب تربية كربلاء ولاسيما عينة الدراسة الذين بأعمار 13-15 سنه فقد لأحظو إن هناك ضعف في القدرات التوافقية ولا سيما ( التوازن والاستجابة السريعة والتكيف مع الأوضاع المتغيرة) لديهم من خلال الوصول البطيء الى الكرة بالوقت المحدد وكذلك هناك ضعف في الجانب المهاري لحراس المرمى نتيجة الاهتمام الغير كافي في هذه الفئة بالإضافة الى اعتماد المدربين على التمارين التقليدية والابتعاد عن استخدام أجهزة والتقنيات الحديثة في التدريب مما يؤثر سلبا على الاداء المهاري ، حيث ان حارس المرمى يحتاج الى جهد مضاعف عن باقي اللاعبين وما يحتاجه من قدرات توافقية ومهارات أساسية خاصة يتمتع بها صاحب هذا المركز حتى يتم وصولة الى مستوى عالي وهذا الجهد يحتاج الى فترة طويلة للحصول على هذه النتائج وان استخدام التكنلوجيا والأجهزة الحديثة لها دور أساسي ومهم في العملية التدريبية وبالأخص الفئات العمرية وهذا ما يسعى اليه الباحثان إلى خوض غمار هذه التجربة باستخدام أجهزة ذكية  ليساهم في تطوير امكانيات حراس المرمى والارتقاء بمستوى الاداء. وهدف الباحثان اعداد تمرينات بمصاحبة المنظمة الذكية لحراس مرمى كرة اليد بأعمار (13-15) سنة، استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة، وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث بلاعبي منتخب تربية كربلاء بأعمار 13-15 سنة والبالغ عددهم (6) حراس مرمى، تم اختيارهم جميعا كعينة للبحث وبأسلوب الحصر الشامل، وقد استنتج الباحثان ان تمرينات المنظومة الذكية قد أسهمت في تطور القدرات التوافقية لحراس المرمى بكرة اليد اذ حققت تأثيراً ايجابيا وفعالا في اغراضها التي وضعت من اجلها.
A population of neutron star candidates in wide orbits from Gaia astrometry
Authors: El-Badry Kareem , Rix Hans-Walter , Latham David W. , Shahaf Sahar , Mazeh Tsevi , Bieryla Allyson , Buchhave Lars A. , Andrae René , Yamaguchi Natsuko , Isaacson Howard , Howard Andrew W. , Savino Alessandro , Ilyin Ilya V.
Published: July 2024

We report discovery and spectroscopic follow-up of 21 astrometric binaries containing solar-type stars and dark companions with masses near 1.4 M⊙. The simplest interpretation is that the companions are dormant neutron stars (NSs), though ultramassive white dwarfs (WDs) and tight WD+WD binaries cannot be fully excluded. We selected targets from Gaia DR3 astrometric binary solutions in which the luminous star is on the main sequence and the dynamically-implied mass of the unseen companion is (a) more than 1.25M⊙ and (b) too high to be any non-degenerate star or close binary. We obtained multi-epoch radial velocities (RVs) over a period of 670 days, spanning a majority of the orbits’ dynamic range in RV. The RVs broadly validate the astrometric solutions and significantly tighten constraints on companion masses. Several systems have companion masses that are unambiguously above the Chandrasekhar limit, while the rest have masses between 1.25 and 1.4 M⊙. The orbits are significantly more eccentric at fixed period than those of typical WD + MS binaries, perhaps due to natal kicks. Metal-poor stars are overrepresented in the sample: 3 out of 21 objects (14%) have [Fe/H] ∼−1.5 and are on halo orbits, compared to ∼0.5% of the parent Gaia binary sample. The metal-poor stars are all strongly enhanced in lithium. The formation history of these objects is puzzling: it is unclear both how the binaries escaped a merger or dramatic orbital shrinkage when the NS progenitors were red supergiants, and how they remained bound when the NSs formed. Gaia has now discovered 3 black holes (BHs) in astrometric binaries with masses above 9 M⊙, and 21 NSs with masses near 1.4M⊙. The lack of intermediate-mass objects in this sample is striking, supporting the existence of a BH/NS mass bimodality over 4 orders of magnitude in orbital period.
Valores de los parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos de roedores domesticados y reproducidos en el Bioterio de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann
Authors: Velasco Lopez Lucio , Valdivia Quispe Lesly Adelis
Published: July 2024

En el estudio se utilizó a las ratas como modelos biológicos. El rango de los valores normales es una herramienta indispensable para los experimentos con animales, porque pueden evaluar el estado de salud del animal, a la vez que ayuda a detectar diferencias en el comportamiento de los parámetros fisiológicos del animal durante los experimentos. Sin embargo, pocos artículos describen sus parámetros fisiológicos normales. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer los valores de los parámetros de normalidad de las principales variables hematológicas y bioquímicas en ratas criadas y producidas en el Bioterio de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann. En el estudio se utilizó datos de 100 ratas (Rattus norvegicus – Rattus rattus) en sus cinco variedades representados por 20 individuos cada variedad, de ambos géneros, de 30 semanas de edad. Los parámetros hematológicos analizados fueron: WBC, Neu, Eos, Bas, Lym, Mon, Gran, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, PLT, MPV, PDW, PCT. Con respectos a los parámetros bioquímicos fueron: Albúmina, Glucosa, Urea, Triglicéridos, Globulina, Fosfatasa Alcalina, Creatinina, GGT, GOT/AST, GPT/ALT, Proteínas totales, Ácido úrico. Los resultados obtenidos lograron determinar los parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos de las ratas domesticadas y reproducidas en el Bioterio permitiendo un análisis integral de la salud del animal.
Exploring Emotional Intelligence and College Adjustment in Final-Year College Students
Authors: Caesarania Nadiva Marsha , Witriani Witriani , Harding Diana
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the dimensions of college adjustment and domains of emotional intelligence among final-year students (7th semester) with the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) curriculum. This research used a correlational method with a non-experimental quantitative approach. The study respondents were final-year students of the Faculty of Psychology, Padjadjaran University, who participated in MBKM activities outside the university during the sixth semester and resumed regular classes during the seventh semester. Among 72 eligible students, 67 participated in the study. The instruments used to measure college adjustment and emotional intelligence were the translated version of Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and an instrument based on Goleman's emotional intelligence theory, respectively. Correlation tests were conducted using the Pearson Product Moment. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between college adjustment and emotional intelligence (r = 0.410, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the analysis proved correlations among certain dimensions of college adjustment and domains of emotional intelligence. The implications highlight the role of MBKM activities in enhancing students' skills to support their adaptation and emotional intelligence.
Manifestation of The Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project as A Meaningful Learning : A Case Study
Authors: Pangestu Iqbal Barkah , Wilodati Wilodati , Hufad Achmad
Published: July 2024

This study examines the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project at SMAN 4 Bandung as a form of meaningful learning. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were obtained through observations, interviews, and document analysis related to the project's implementation. Analysis of data using triangulation technique to reconfirm every data from a different view. The results showed that the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project was designed to develop students' character and competence in accordance with Pancasila values. Students learn through direct experience and contextual cross-disciplinary projects relevant to their daily lives. Research orientation, case study, planning design, and implementation action designed in an exploratory and collaborative manner encourage students to hone their critical thinking skills, collaboration, and independence.
RATIONALE FOR THE NEED TO IMPROVE THE MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF MILITARY EDUCATION IN THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Verbovenko Oleksandr ,   General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

This article highlights the features of state regulation of military education of the tactical command and control of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the context of aggravation of the military-political situation. It reveals the regulatory and legal support for the implementation of managerial influences on ensuring the quality of military education in Ukraine. An analysis of recent research and publications in the specific field of research is carried out. The main directions for forming and ensuring the implementation of military education policy are identified, which are considered in the context of the division of powers and responsibilities of the Department of Military Education and Science of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and the Central Directorate of Military Education of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The author substantiates the necessity to search for new, dissipative mechanisms that can provide a synergistic effect in the process of implementing the state regulation of military specialists training for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
АКТУАЛЬНІСТЬ ПРОТИДІЇ НЕГАТИВНОМУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОМУ ВПЛИВУ НА ОСОБОВИЙ СКЛАД ОРГАНУ ОХОРОНИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО КОРДОНУ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Zhuravel Vitalii ,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Burbela Serhii , Yurchak Yurii ,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Based on the analysis of the events taking place in Ukraine, during which the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine performs the task of repulsing and deterring the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the authors suggest that the personnel is subjected to information and psychological influences that form a certain information and psychological situation in the field of the state border security. The article substantiates the relevance of countering the negative information and psychological impact on the personnel of a state border guard agency in wartime. Information and psychological influences and military theoretical approaches to characterising their essence have been studied. The unreasonable nature of the information and psychological aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has been emphasised. The necessity of improving the system of ensuring the national security of Ukraine, taking into account the specificity of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, has been revealed. The problematic issues of information and psychological protection of national interests at the state border have been analysed.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTE-CONTROLED (ROBOTIC) MEANS (COMPLEXES) OF DEMINING
Authors: Kryvtsun Volodymyr ,   National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Petro Sahaidachny
Published: July 2024

The results of theoretical studies on improving the classification of remotely controlled (robotic) means (complexes) of demining are presented. The analysis of scientific approaches to the development of the classification of weapons and military equipment, in particular ground remote-controlled (robotic) means (complexes), was carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of object classification methods are defined, the expediency of their application is substantiated depending on the purpose of classification. Based on the faceted method, an improved classification of remotely controlled ( robotic ) means (complexes) of demining is proposed.