bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction with dental services provided by Taif University Dental Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzubaidi Mohammed A. , Alzahrani Muaath H. , Alammari Sattam T. , Alqarni Ali A. , Shukr Bandar S. , Alrabaie Fahad M. , Alhaddad Rami F. , Alharbi Abdulaziz A.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Patient satisfaction levels serve as a crucial performance indicator of the quality of health care in any health institute.

Aim:

This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction level of patients with the dental care services provided by Taif University Dental Hospital (TUDH) in an effort to highlight areas that need further improvements.

Settings and Design:

This study was conducted at TUDH in Taif, Saudi Arabia, and employed a cross-sectional analytical observational research approach.

Materials and Methods:

A simple random sampling technique was employed over a period of 3 months from November 2023 to January 2024. A self-administrated questionnaire was used to assess patient satisfaction with the dental services provided by final-year dental students.

Statistical Analysis:

The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (Version 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for all statistical analyses.

Results:

This study involved 94 patients; satisfaction levels were assessed across various domains within a health-care setting. Notably, doctors’ interactions received consistently high mean scores (ranging from 1.10 to 1.20), as did faculty supervisors’ interactions (ranging from 1.36 to 1.52). X-ray procedures and personnel demonstrated similar satisfaction levels (mean scores between 1.17 and 1.23), while dental assistants received positive evaluations (mean scores around 1.24). Reception staff satisfaction was moderate (mean scores from 1.26 to 1.54), and patient relation office satisfaction varied (mean scores from 1.38 to 1.72). Younger patients (under 40 years) reported higher satisfaction across all domains compared to older participants. In addition, males and non-Saudi nationals expressed greater satisfaction than their female and Saudi counterparts, although these findings were not statistically significant. Education level also played a role, with more educated individuals (holding a College/University degree or higher) showing greater satisfaction, particularly in reception staff and patient relation office domains (with borderline significant effects; P = 0.03 and P = 0.093, respectively).

Conclusions:

The majority of the patients were satisfied with the provided dental care services at TUDH.
A review of dietary behaviors among college students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed A.
Published: December 2024

The increase in Saudi Arabia’s college student population, now about 1.7 million, highlights the need to understand their dietary behaviors and associated health risks. This review examines the prevalence of dietary habits among Saudi college students based on studies from January 2018 to December 2023. A total of 12 relevant studies were analyzed, revealing poor dietary practices, including low consumption of fruits and vegetables and high intake of fast foods and sugary snacks. Gender differences emerged, with male students and those in nonhealth disciplines exhibiting less healthy eating patterns. Factors such as stress and social media influence were found to significantly impact dietary choices. Despite some level of nutritional awareness, this did not always result in healthier eating behaviors. The review underscores the urgent need for targeted intervention programs at Saudi universities. Effective interventions should focus on promoting healthier food options, enhancing nutritional education, and utilizing social media for health promotion. Tailoring these programs to different student subgroups and incorporating stress management strategies could further improve outcomes. Future research should explore the long-term effects of dietary behaviors on health and assess the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. Addressing these issues are essential for improving the dietary habits and overall well-being of Saudi college students.
Exploring national and regional trends in smoking prevalence among women: A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shok Ali Abkr , Najmi Hassan Abdullah , Refaey Mohammed Ali , Sahli Fuad Ali , Aahwas Attyah Ahmed , Maghlat Yahia Abdullah , Abu Ageel Abdullah Hassan , Hamzi Nawaf Omar , Kulib Ali Turky Mohammed , Zarban Yahya Hassan , Zarban Abutalib Hassan
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to comprehensively review the global prevalence of both past and current cigarette smoking among women and examine trends over time through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic search was conducted across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid, focusing on studies published between January 2019 and March 2024. Eligible studies reported smoking prevalence among women aged 18 years and older, covering regions such as the Americas, Asia, Europe, Africa, and Oceania. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 16.0, including pooled prevalence estimates, cumulative meta-analysis, and univariate meta-regression to identify sources of heterogeneity. Of the 31,219 studies identified, 26 met the inclusion criteria, representing data from 11,143,238 women. The overall pooled prevalence of ever smoking was 26% (95% confidence interval CI: 24%–32%), while current smoking was 15% (95% CI: 14%–19%). Significant regional variations were found, with the highest prevalence of ever smoking in Europe (37%) and the lowest in Asia (13%). A cumulative meta-analysis revealed a declining trend in smoking prevalence from 2019 to 2024. Meta-regression analysis showed significant effects of study year and continent on smoking prevalence. These findings highlight substantial regional differences and a notable decline in recent years, providing important insights for developing targeted public health interventions and policies to reduce smoking-related health risks among women.
Exploring the Impact of Electroacupuncture on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice through Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Li Wen , Wang Qiu-Yue , Dai Jin-Ling , Chung Shuetling , Tu Jie , Jin Zhu
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common diabetic complication that affects the peripheral nerves, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the extremities. Electroacupuncture (EA) is effective in treating DPN, albeit the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study employed a metabolomics approach to investigate the metabolic alterations induced by EA therapy for DPN in mice along with the exploration of the mechanisms of EA’s therapeutic effects in DPN treatment.

Materials and Methods:

DPN was induced in mice with streptozotocin, after which the mice were treated with EA for 2 weeks. To evaluate the neurological function in mice, their sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities were measured, and the responses of mice to mechanical and thermal stimuli were analyzed. Sciatic nerve samples were collected and analyzed using an untargeted metabolomics methodology based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results:

EA treatment improved peripheral nerve function in DPN mice. The metabolomics analysis revealed 53 potential biomarkers (including L-methionine S-oxide, prostaglandin E1, vanillylmandelic acid, sphinganine, etc.) related to EA treatment. Pathway analysis revealed that changes in these metabolites were mainly related to beta-alanine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, taste transduction, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption, ATP-binding cassette transporters, and serotonergic synapses.

Conclusions:

EA therapy exhibited a significant neuroprotective effects against DPN, which may be mediated by ameliorating metabolic disorders in DPN mice. Thus, EA treatment may be a promising complementary approach for DPN management.
Addenda to “Correspondence theorems for Hopf algebroids with applications to affine groupoids”
Authors: El Kaoutit Laiachi , Ghobadi Aryan , Saracco Paolo , Vercruysse Joost
Published: December 2024

The proof of Theorem 3.14 contains an unsubstantiated claim. To overcome this problem, we add a hypothesis to the statement of 3.14 and we provide a new valid proof. We adjust Theorem 3.15, Corollary 3.16, Proposition 4.23, Theorem 4.26, Corollary 4.29, and Corollary 4.32 accordingly.
A Study on Diet Composition and Feeding Habits of Sphyraena putnamae Jordan & Seale, 1905 from the Northern Arabian Sea
Authors: Zohra Kashifa , Yousuf Farzana , Ahmed Quratulan , Ali Qadeer Mohammad , Bilgin Sabri , Bat Levent
Published: December 2024

The food and feeding habits of the Sphyraena putnamae (n=381) ranging from 16 to 99 cm were investigated the Karachi coast, the Northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan. S. putnamae consumed various prey items, which were divided into three categories: teleosts, molluscs, and crustaceans. Molluscs and crustaceans were the second preferred food component rather than teleost. The major constituents of the teleost group on basis of their ascendancy, were identified to be (dorosomatids; sciaenids; leiognathids; platycephalids; engraulids; carangids; bregmacerotids; nemipterids; scombrids; and synodontids). The empty stomach ratio and stomach fullness index did not differ significantly between the sexes and size classes. The stomach fullness index of juvenile barracudas (16-29 cm in length) was significantly higher as compared to adults in the medium (30-55 cm) and large (56-99 cm) size groups. Additionally, an analysis of dietary preferences revealed that small (juvenile) barracudas (16-29 cm) primarily consumed crustaceans, while medium-sized individuals (30-55 cm) preferred mollusks, and large individuals (56-99 cm) favoured teleost. The present study provides detailed information on the feeding ecology of the S. putnamae, for the first time from the Pakistan coast that will be useful for understanding trophodynamics of species developing effective management and conservation measures, ensuring the species' long-term viability.
Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety for Marine Cage Culture: L-type Matrix Risk Analysis
Authors: Minaz Mert
Published: December 2024

As marine cage aquaculture continues to increase its volume in global protein food production, the demand for workers and labor continues to grow. This increasing demand, coupled with the fact that the industry is already risky in terms of occupational health and safety, makes risk assessment even more critical. The present study was conducted with engineers, trainees, and employees working at five different marine cage aquaculture facilities, as well as academicians from three different universities. As a result of the questionnaire conducted using the L-type 5x5 matrix method, the areas with the highest risk assessment scores (RASs) were identified as net cages (RAS: 9.7±3.3), ports (RAS: 10.0±2.0) and package units-cold storage (RAS: 9.6±3.3). Although no significant differences were observed among the occupational groups, significant variations were noted based on the working area (p>0.05). Notable differences in opinions were observed, particularly between academicians/trainees and engineers/employees. As a result, this study will serve as a guideline for both marine cage aquaculture facilities and all personnel, as well as for future research.
Presence of Pharmaceutical Residues in the Seawater of Arctic Archipelago: Assessing the Potential Routes of the Pharmaceutical Pollution
Authors: Deryal Güldehan , E. Korkmaz Nagihan , Aksu Abdullah , Başar Ersan , Çağlar Balkıs Nuray , Gazioğlu Cem , Özsoy Burcu
Published: December 2024

The occurrence of seven commonly used pharmaceuticals, including diclofenac, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen, carbamazepine, clofibric acid, gemfibrozil, estrone, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethynylestradiol, was investigated in the seawater of the Arctic during the summer of 2022. Seawater samples were subject to liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction (SPE). The concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the seawater samples were quantified with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a DAD detector. The most abundant pharmaceuticals in the seawater were ibuprofen, with a range of 130-220 ng/L, and the highest concentration was obtained for 17α-ethynylestradiol with a level of 350 ng/L. We discussed possible reasons for pharmaceutical pollution, including the impact on marine species, the role of wastewater treatment technologies, and the potential long-range transportation of pharmaceutical residues via sea surface currents.
Selective embolization can effectively alleviate bleeding symptoms in patients with anorectal hemangioma
Authors: Wen Ping-Hua , Hu Bing
Published: December 2024

In this manuscript, I comment on the article by Pospisilova et al published in the recent issue of the journal, in which selective embolization was used to treat anorectal hemangioma, a rare disease causing lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Anorectal hemangioma can easily be mistaken; for example, the patient in this case was previously misdiagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Choosing the appropriate tests and understanding the typical manifestations of anorectal hemangioma under colonoscopy, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and other tests are beneficial for diagnosis. The patient presented with intermittent rectal bleeding despite treatment with azathioprine and mesalazine and required blood transfusions since the degree of rectal bleeding worsened. Selective embolization successfully alleviated the patient’s bleeding symptoms and avoided the need for repeated blood transfusions. Tranexamic acid may be useful, considering that the patient still has bleeding symptoms and requires parenteral iron supplementation.
Risk factors, monitoring, and treatment strategies for early recurrence after rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Wu Si-Jia , Wu Chu-Ying , Ye Kai
Published: December 2024

Early recurrence (ER) following surgery for rectal cancer is a significant factor impacting patient survival rates. Tsai et al identified age, preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, length of hospital stay, tumour location, and pathological stage as factors influencing the risk of ER. Postoperative monitoring for ER should encompass a thorough medical history review, physical examination, tumour marker testing, and imaging studies. Additionally, noninvasive circulating tumour cell DNA testing can be utilized to predict ER. Treatment strategies may involve radical surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Through a comprehensive analysis of risk factors, the optimization of monitoring methods, and the development of personalized treatment strategies, it is anticipated that both the efficacy of treatment and the quality of life for rectal cancer patients with postoperative recurrence can be significantly improved.
Comparative efficacy analysis of laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision vs laparoscopic transanal mesorectal excision for low-lying rectal cancer
Authors: Lu Feng , Tan Shu-Guang , Zuo Juan , Jiang Hai-Hua , Wang Jian-Hua , Jiang Yu-Ping
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

With the continuous development of laparoscopic techniques in recent years, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LapTME) and laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) have gradually become important surgical techniques for treating low-lying rectal cancer (LRC). However, there is still controversy over the efficacy and safety of these two surgical modalities in LRC treatment.

AIM

To compare the efficacy of LapTME vs TaTME in patients with LRC.

METHODS

Ninety-four patients with LRC who visited and were treated at the Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital between December 2022 and March 2024 were selected and divided into the LapTME (n = 44) and TaTME (n = 50) groups. Clinical operation indexes, postoperative recovery indicators, and postoperative complications were recorded. The anal resting pressure (ARP), anal maximum systolic pressure (MSP), and maximum tolerated volume (MTV) of the anal canal were also measured. The intestinal function of patients was evaluated by the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) bowel function questionnaire. Serum norepinephrine (NE), adrenaline (AD), and cortisol (Cor) levels were measured. The Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) was used for quality of life assessment.

RESULTS

Compared with the LapTME group, the surgery time in the TaTME group was longer; intraoperative blood loss was low; time of anal exhaust, first postoperative ambulation, intestinal recovery, and hospital stay were shorter; and the distal incisal margin and specimen lengths were longer. The TaTME group also showed higher ARP, MSP, and MTV values and higher MSKCC and QLQ-C30 scores than the LapTME group 3 months postoperatively. Cor, AD, and NE levels were lower in the TaTME group than those in the LapTME group during recovery.

CONCLUSION

We demonstrated that TaTME better improved anal function, reduced postoperative stress, and accelerated postoperative recovery and, hence, was safer for patients with LRC.
Microwave ablation for liver metastases from colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review of clinical efficacy and safety
Authors: Li Fang , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Li Ming , Chen Sheng-Kai
Published: December 2024

Microwave ablation (MWA) is emerging as a highly effective treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). This review explores the advantages of MWA compared to other ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation and highlights its clinical efficacy, safety, and technical considerations. MWA offers significant benefits, including higher intratumoral temperatures, larger ablation zones, and reduced susceptibility to the heat-sink effect, which make it particularly suitable for tumors near large blood vessels. This review details the patient selection criteria, procedural approaches, and the use of advanced imaging techniques to improve the precision and effectiveness of MWA. Clinical outcomes indicate that MWA achieves high rates of complete tumor ablation and long-term survival with a favorable safety profile. This review is significant because it provides updated insights into the expanding role of MWA in treating unresectable CRLM and its potential as an alternative to surgical resection for resectable tumors. By summarizing recent studies and clinical trials, this review highlights the comparative effectiveness, safety, and integration with systemic therapies of MWA. In conclusion, MWA is a promising treatment option for CRLM and offers outcomes comparable to or better than those of other ablative techniques. Future research should focus on optimizing technical parameters, integrating MWA with systemic therapies, and conducting large-scale randomized controlled trials to establish standardized treatment protocols. Advancing our understanding of MWA will enhance its application and improve long-term survival and quality of life for patients with CRLM.
Improving predictive accuracy of early recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Role of postoperative serum tumor markers
Authors: Krishnan Arunkumar , Walsh Declan
Published: December 2024

In a recent study by He et al , the nomogram integrates postoperative serum tumor markers such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying high-risk patients compared to relying solely on preoperative markers, which has significant implications for customizing adjuvant therapy and potentially improving outcomes for this aggressive form of cancer. However, the study’s single-center design and short follow-up period may limit the generalizability of its findings and potentially introduce reporting bias. Future studies could consider additional confounding factors, such as adjuvant chemotherapy and variations in surgical techniques, to improve the model’s accuracy. Furthermore, it would be valuable to validate the nomogram in broader, prospective cohorts and explore the inclusion of additional markers like circulating tumor DNA to refine further its predictive power and applicability across diverse patient populations.
Clinical application of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and J-Tube drainage
Authors: Wang Zi-Han , Yan Shuai , Wang Rui , Chen Lin , Wu Jin-Zhu , Cai Wei-Hua
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Intraoperative and postoperative biliary injuries remain significant complications of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Indocyanine green (ICG) has been shown to significantly reduce injuries caused by intraoperative operational errors. We found that the J-tube can reduce postoperative strictures and injuries to the common bile duct. At this moment, we aim to analyze and compare the complications, efficacy, short-term outcomes, and feasibility of these two adjunctive tools for LCBDE.

AIM

To evaluate the efficacy of ICG fluorescence imaging In LCBDE and J-tube drainage for patients with common bile duct stones.

METHODS

We retrospectively collected the clinical case data of patients who were treated at the Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of the Third People’s Hospital of Nantong, affiliated with Nantong University, from January 2016 to January 2021 due to gallbladder stones with choledocholithiasis and who underwent LCBDE combined with a primary suture and either J-tube or T-tube drainage. The patients were divided into groups: Traditional white-light laparoscopy + T-tube group (WL + T-tube), traditional WL + J-tube group, fluorescent laparoscopy + T-tube group (ICG + T-tube) and fluorescent laparoscopy + J-tube group (ICG + J-tube). The preoperative and postoperative clinical case data, laboratory examination data, and intraoperative and postoperative complications (including postoperative bile leakage, electrolyte disturbances, biliary peritonitis, and postoperative infections) and other relevant indicators were compared.

RESULTS

A total of 198 patients (112 males and 86 females) were included in the study, with 74 patients in the WL + T-tube, 47 in the WL + J-tube, 42 in the ICG + T-tube, and 35 in the ICG + J-tube. Compared with the other groups, the ICG + J had significantly shorter operation time (114 minutes, P = 0.001), less blood loss (42 mL, P = 0.02), shorter postoperative hospital stays (7 days, P = 0.038), and lower surgical costs (China yuan 30178, P = 0.001). Furthermore, patients were subdivided into two groups based on whether a T-tube or J-tube was placed during the surgery. By the third postoperative day, the aspartate transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin levels were lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group (P < 0.001). At last, follow-up observations showed that the incidence of biliary strictures at three months postoperatively was significantly lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSION

ICG fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and J-tube drainage facilitates rapid identification of biliary anatomy and variations, reducing intraoperative bile duct injury, blood loss, surgery duration, and postoperative bile duct stenosis rates, supporting its clinical adoption.
Endoureteral ablation: A novel technique to occlude the ureter in patients with urinary tract fistulae
Authors: Pfiffner Samantha E , Musa Arif , Winer Ira S , Harb Ali N
Published: December 2024

Urinary fistulae are abnormal connections between the urinary system and adjacent body parts, often resulting from factors such as infection, radiation, malignancy, protracted labor, gynecologic surgery, and gastrointestinal tract surgery. These fistulae can lead to persistent urinary incontinence, skin breakdown, social humiliation, psychosocial trauma, and severe infections. Current treatments include surgical repair, urinary diversion, and ureteral embolization, though these can have complications and are not always successful or feasible for all patients. This manuscript proposes a novel approach to correcting urinary fistulae: Endoureteral ablation using laser or radiofrequency ablation. These techniques, known for treating various conditions, show promise in causing fibrosis to occlude fistulae. Early success in animal and human models suggests endoureteral ablation as a potentially more effective, less invasive, and cost-effective alternative to current methods, especially for patients unfit for surgery. However, further studies are needed to establish its viability and effectiveness.
Relationship between imaging changes of the pancreas and islet beta-cell function
Authors: Chen Hong-Jing , Hu Yun , Ma Jian-Hua
Published: December 2024

Imaging changes in the pancreas can provide valuable information about the status of islet beta-cell function in different pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, fatty pancreas, and insulinoma. While imaging cannot directly measure beta-cell function; it can be used as a marker of disease progression and a tool to guide therapeutic interventions. As imaging technologies continue to advance, they will likely play an increasingly important role in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing diabetes.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Imaging and clinical fundamentals
Authors: Arkoudis Nikolaos-Achilleas , Davoutis Efstathia , Siderakis Manos , Papagiannopoulou Georgia , Gouliopoulos Nikolaos , Tsetsou Ilianna , Efthymiou Evgenia , Moschovaki-Zeiger Ornella , Filippiadis Dimitrios , Velonakis Georgios
Published: December 2024

Neuroimaging is a paramount element for the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a condition characterized by signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure without the identification of a mass or hydrocephalus being recognized. The primary purpose of this review is to deliver an overview of the spectrum and the specific role of the various imaging findings associated with the condition while providing imaging examples and educational concepts. Clinical perspectives and insights into the disease, including treatment options, will also be discussed.
Normative vertebral deformity measurements in a clinically relevant population using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Sorci Olivia R , Madi Rashad , Kim Sun Min , Batzdorf Alexandra S , Alecxih Austin , Hornyak Julia N , Patel Sheenali , Rajapakse Chamith S
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis is the leading cause of vertebral fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and radiographs are traditionally used to detect osteoporosis and vertebral fractures/deformities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be utilized to detect the relative severity of vertebral deformities using three-dimensional information not available in traditional DXA and lateral two-dimensional radiography imaging techniques.

AIM

To generate normative vertebral parameters in women using MRI and DXA scans, determine the correlations between MRI-calculated vertebral deformities and age, DXA T-scores, and DXA Z-scores, and compare MRI vertebral deformity values with radiography values previously published in the literature.

METHODS

This study is a retrospective vertebral morphometric analysis conducted at our institution. The patient sample included MR images from 1638 female patients who underwent both MR and DXA imaging between 2005 and 2014. Biconcavity, wedge, crush, anterior height (Ha)/posterior height (Hp), and middle height (Hm)/posterior height values were calculated from the MR images of the patient’s vertebrae. Associations between vertebral deformity values, patient age, and DXA T-scores were analyzed using Spearman correlation. The MRI-derived measurements were compared with radiograph-based calculations from population-based data compiled from multiple studies.

RESULTS

Age was positively correlated with lumbar Hm/Hp (P = 0.04) and thoracic wedge (P = 0.03) and biconcavity (P = 0.001) and negatively correlated with thoracic Ha/Hp (P = 0.002) and Hm/Hp (P = 0.001) values. DXA T-scores correlated positively with lumbar Hm/Hp (P < 0.0001) and negatively with lumbar wedge (P = 0.046), biconcavity (P < 0.0001), and Ha/Hp (P = 0.046) values. Qualitative analysis revealed that Ha/Hp differed between MRI and radiography population-based data by no more than 0.3 and Hm/Hp by a maximum of 1.2.

CONCLUSION

Compared with traditional imaging techniques, MRI detects vertebral deformities with high accuracy and reliability. It may be a sensitive, ionizing, radiation-free tool for use in clinical settings.
Auricular dimensions in computed-tomography: Unveiling the relationship between ear dimensions, age, and sex using three-dimensional volume rendering reconstructions
Authors: Schulz Bastian , Thali Michael , Kubik-Huch Rahel , Niemann Tilo
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The auricle, or auricula, defines the visible boundaries of the external ear and is essential in forensic investigations, including facial reconstruction and human remains identification. Beyond its forensic significance, auricular morphology attracts interest from various fields, such as medicine and industry. The size of the ears is culturally associated with health and longevity, while surgical techniques for ear reconstruction address both congenital and aesthetic concerns.

AIM

To determine whether known correlations with various measurements and observations regarding sex and age could also be established through computed tomography (CT).

METHODS

Computed tomography scans of the head from 342 females and 329 males aged 18 to 97 years (mean = 60 ± 19 years) were included in this study. Different auricular lengths, widths and perimeters were measured for both sides. Additionally, the preauricular area was assessed using three-dimensional volume rendering technique images.

RESULTS

The measured auricular dimensions in centimeters are presented as mean values (right/left) for males (length 1 6.91 ± 0.51/6.93 ± 0.52; length 2 2.83 ± 0.35/2.84 ± 0.34; width 1 3.94 ± 0.32/4.01 ± 0.36; width 2 3.51 ± 0.34/3.46 ± 0.31; perimeter 17.66 ± 1.25/17.71 ± 1.28) and females (length 1 6.44 ± 0.5/6.48 ± 0.51; length 2 2.7 ± 0.32/2.71 ± 0.33; width 1 3.6 ± 0.32/3.68 ± 0.31; width 2 3.3 ± 0.3/3.26 ± 0.27; perimeter 16.36 ± 1.2/16.46 ± 1.2). A positive correlation with age was shown in all measurements, with the highest value for perimeter in both, males (r -value : right/left: 0.49/0.47) and females (r -value: right/left: 0.53/0.53). After confounding factors were excluded, the preauricular vertical line was first seen at 45 years. The mean age for males with preauricular vertical lines was 66.65 ± 10.92 years (95%CI: 63.99-69.3), while without vertical lines, it was 44.48 ± 16.15 years (95%CI: 41.21-47.74); for females, it was 70.18 ± 12.44 years (95%CI: 68.9-71.46) with and 47.87 ± 17.09 years (95%CI: 45.96-49.78) without vertical lines.

CONCLUSION

In this study, we pioneered the use of CT volumetric data to examine human auricle morphology and we achieved a precise 3D (pre-) auricular assessment. Sex-specific positive correlations between ear dimensions and age, as well as the mean age for the appearance of preauricular lines, were identified, providing valuable insights into the capabilities of modern CT devices.
Role of multi-parametric ultrasonography for the assessment and monitoring of functional status of renal allografts with histopathological correlation
Authors: Lal Hira , Ruidas Surojit , Prasad Raghunandan , Singh Anuradha , Prasad Narayan , Kaul Anupma , Bhadauria Dharmendra S , Kushwaha Ravi S , Patel Manas R , Jain Manoj , Yadav Priyank
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The study focuses on the use of multi-parametric ultrasound [gray scale, color Doppler and shear wave elastography (SWE)] to differentiate stable renal allografts from acute graft dysfunction and to assess time-dependent changes in parenchymal stiffness, thereby assessing its use as an efficient monitoring tool for ongoing graft dysfunction. To date, biopsy is the gold standard for evaluation of acute graft dysfunction. However, because it is invasive, it carries certain risks and cannot be used for follow-up monitoring. SWE is a non-invasive imaging modality that identifies higher parenchymal stiffness values in cases of acute graft dysfunction compared to stable grafts.

AIM

To assess renal allograft parenchymal stiffness by SWE and to correlate its findings with functional status of the graft kidney.

METHODS

This prospective observational study included 71 renal allograft recipients. Multi-parametric ultrasound was performed on all patients, and biopsies were performed in cases of acute graft dysfunction. The study was performed for a period of 2 years at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, a tertiary care center in north India. Independent samples t -test was used to compare the means between two independent groups. Paired-samples t -test was used to test the change in mean value between baseline and follow-up observations.

RESULTS

Thirty-one patients had experienced acute graft dysfunction at least once, followed by recovery, but none of them had a history of chronic renal allograft injury. Mean baseline parenchymal stiffness in stable grafts and acute graft dysfunction were 30.21 + 2.03 kPa (3.17 + 0.11 m/s) and 31.07 + 2.88 kPa (3.22 + 0.15 m/s), respectively; however, these differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.305 and 0.252, respectively). There was a gradual decrease in SWE values during the first 3 postoperative months, followed by an increase in SWE values up to one-year post-transplantation. Patients with biopsy-confirmed graft dysfunction showed higher SWE values compared to those with a negative biopsy. However, receiver operating characteristic analysis failed to show statistically significant cut-off values to differentiate between the stable graft and acute graft dysfunction.

CONCLUSION

Acute graft dysfunction displays higher parenchymal stiffness values compared to stable grafts. Therefore, SWE may be useful in monitoring the functional status of allografts to predict any ongoing dysfunction.
Update report on the quality of gliomas radiomics: An integration of bibliometric and radiomics quality score
Authors: Cao Xu , Xiong Ming , Liu Zhi , Yang Jing , Kan Yu-Bo , Zhang Li-Qiang , Liu Yan-Hui , Xie Ming-Guo , Hu Xiao-Fei
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite the increasing number of publications on glioma radiomics, challenges persist in clinical translation.

AIM

To assess the development and reporting quality of radiomics in brain gliomas since 2019.

METHODS

A bibliometric analysis was conducted to reveal trends in brain glioma radiomics research. The Radiomics Quality Score (RQS), a metric for evaluating the quality of radiomics studies, was applied to assess the quality of adult-type diffuse glioma studies published since 2019. The total RQS score and the basic adherence rate for each item were calculated. Subgroup analysis by journal type and research objective was performed, correlating the total RQS score with journal impact factors.

RESULTS

The radiomics research in glioma was initiated in 2011 and has witnessed a surge since 2019. Among the 260 original studies, the median RQS score was 11, correlating with a basic compliance rate of 46.8%. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in domain 1 and its subitems (multiple segmentations) across journal types (P = 0.039 and P = 0.03, respectively). The Spearman correlation coefficients indicated that the total RQS score had a negative correlation with the Journal Citation Report category (-0.69) and a positive correlation with the five-year impact factors (0.318) of journals.

CONCLUSION

Glioma radiomics research quality has improved since 2019 but necessitates further advancement with higher publication standards.
EMOTIONAL IMPACT ON THE RETAIL CUSTOMER THROUGH DIGITAL MARKETING
Authors: Urotadze Ekaterine , Tsakadze Natia
Published: December 2024

Ekaterine Urotadze
E-mail: ekaterine.urotadze@tsu.ge
Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9680-8084
 
Natia Tsakadze
E-mail: natia.tsakadze@tsu.ge
PHD Student, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9680-8084
 
Abstract: The intensive use of digital technologies in the twenty-first century greatly increases the need for digital marketing in every business sector, including retail, which in turn makes it interesting to see what emotional impact digital marketing has on retail customers.
The paper examines emotional impact as one of the important factors influencing retail consumer behavior. One of the fundamental models for the study of consumer behavior is the "stimulus-organism-response" model. According to the model, the emotions experienced by the consumer are part of the "organism" and play a major role in both the purchase decision and the formation of a loyal customer. Therefore, the paper focuses on the emotions experienced by retail customers, as well as on the means of direct emotional impact.
Retailers are spending more and more energy and resources to make an emotional impact on the customer. In many cases, emotional influence on the consumer's decision-making process has a positive effect, but negative consequences are also common. The article analyzes the positive and negative emotions experienced by retail customers, their causes and possible consequences.
 
Keywords: Emotional impact, consumer, digital marketing, retail.
 
JEL classification: M30; M31
GEORGIAN, RUSSIAN, AND TURKISH RELATIONS AT THE DAWN OF GEORGIA'S STATEHOOD - THE BREST-LITOVSK PEACE NEGOTIATIONS
Authors: Zosidze Nugzar
Published: December 2024

Nugzar Zosidze
E-mail: n.zosidze@bsu.edu.ge
Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Georgia, Batumi
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-3365
 
Abstract: The February Revolution of 1917 became the harbinger of a new period in the history of the peoples within the Russian Empire. The Brest Peace of 1918 became one of the most significant events in Russian history. In August 1914, when the military campaign began, the German leadership believed that it would be short-lived. However, instead of a quick victory, Germany found itself in a protracted war on two fronts. In November 1914, a meeting was held at the headquarters of Kaiser Wilhelm II, where the participants concluded that victory was only possible on the condition of concluding a separate peace with Russia.
Throughout 1915 and 1916, Germany made significant efforts in both military and diplomatic spheres to achieve its goal. However, the government of the Russian Empire rejected peace proposals, remaining committed to its agreement with the leaders of Great Britain and France (together with Russia, they formed a military-political alliance known in history as the "Entente") not to conclude a separate peace (the corresponding agreement was signed on September 5, 1914). The situation for the countries of the Quadruple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire) worsened. In response, it was decided to intensify the activities of the German secret services, which were tasked with removing Russia from the war by destabilizing its rear.
Particular attention was given to working with parties and movements that opposed the tsarist government. One of these parties was the RSDLP(b), whose leadership, from the very beginning of the war, consistently advocated the slogan "defeat of one's own government" [Felshtinsky Yu. : 28].
The February Revolution, which overthrew the tsarist autocracy, fundamentally shook the foundations of imperialist Russia—this enormous state—and prepared the ground for its destruction.
It coincided with the final stage of the First World War, which caused a terrible economic crisis, devastation, chaos, and lawlessness in Russia. The Russian-German front practically collapsed, and the army was overtaken by an anti-war mood. It became clear that, under the current circumstances, the best decision for Russia would be to conclude a separate peace with the enemy.  However, due to pressure from the Entente countries and certain circles in Russia that had long dreamed of gaining control of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles, the Kerensky government was unable to withdraw from the war. The fall of the Russian autocracy undermined the foundations on which the Russian Empire had stood for centuries[ TSGIAG, Case 8 :110-111].
 
Key words: Georgia; Turkey; Brest Peace Treaty, Russia.
 
JEL classification: N30, N40
Health literacy on physical therapy among senior citizens with
physical disability and community health workers
Authors: Ganotisi Kriza , Barangay Faye Angelene , Galang Andrew , Lazaro Wina Frances , Rivera Christopher , Sucgang Ryan Dean
Published: December 2024

Introduction. This study was conducted to determine the health literacy on physical therapy (PT) among senior citizens with physical disability and community health workers (CHWs). Specifically, it identified the sociodemographic profile of the CHWs and senior citizens with physical disability, their extent of health literacy on PT as to prose, document and numeracy and how health policies, availability of PT programs, and available equipment and facilities for the rendition of PT services affect their health literacy.

Methods. This study employed a descriptive research design. The respondents of the study involved 18 CHWs and 29 senior citizens. It was conducted in Brgy. Cabuusan Currimao, Ilocos Norte, Brgy. Ganagan, and Brgy. Sangil Bacarra, Ilocos Norte. Descriptive statistics was utilized in the analysis of the data gathered specifically using frequency and weighted mean and standard deviation.

Results. The sociodemographic profile of CHWs shows most are aged 40–69, with older CHWs often excelling due to experience. The majority were women, reflecting caregiving roles but facing recognition challenges. Service length varied, with extensive experience linked to higher competency and health literacy, particularly in physical health care. Most CHWs had only a high school education, which may hinder understanding of complex topics like physical therapy. Senior citizens with musculoskeletal disabilities, such as arthritis, comprised a significant portion of respondents, emphasizing the need for specialized health literacy in physical therapy.

Discussion. The results findings highlight the need for ongoing training in physical therapy to enhance CHW competency. Gender disparities reflect societal challenges affecting recognition of women’s roles. Limited education among CHWs underscores the importance of incorporating specialized health knowledge into training. For seniors, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disabilities emphasizes improving health literacy in physical therapy to counter misinformation and aid rehabilitation. Educating both CHWs and seniors could significantly improve health outcomes and disability management.
Fantastic Corporeality of the Political Process (on the Example of Cinematic Material)
Authors: Suslov Ivan V.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of mythological foundations of mass culture and their role in the formation of political discourse through the images of fantastic characters reflecting archetypal motifs and emotionally affecting the collective unconscious. Three universal approaches to the creation of fantastic characters in mass culture are described: chimerization, gorgonization and cyborgization. The interaction between political discourse and the fantasy segment of mass culture is examined through the prism of the digimodern aesthetics described by Alan Kirby. The author explores how figures of monsters, zombies, mutants and other fantastic creatures become allegories of social, cultural and political processes. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of the fantasy story to discuss such pressing social issues as minority rights, the crises of capitalism, multiculturalism, and the nature of future revolutions. It also analyzes the conceptual component of the phenomenon of “soft power” of cinema in the context of shaping public opinion both inside and outside Western countries. It is emphasized that the “ideological elasticity” of fiction formats creates a space for safe and politically correct discussion of complex topics. The article may be of interest to researchers studying the interaction between mass culture and political processes, as well as the processes of myth-making in cinematography.
“Little” Immortality: Immortological Theme in the Internet Microformats
Authors: Dydrov Artur A. , Vizgina Milena S.
Published: December 2024

This article correlates in content with the previous article in the journal. Internet microformats (short stories, gifs, pics, memes, demotivators, etc.) have a short life compared to “monumental” content, but are characterized by a high speed of circulation and reproduction. Metaphorically, this allows us to designate their life cycle and the specifics of penetration into the information environment, and from there to the consumer, as “virulent”. However, unlike the previous publication, this article has a different specialization. We have shifted our focus from considering trending memes in 2024 to the topic of corporeality and immortality. The correction of the focus is due to several reasons: firstly, immortality does not have a clearly established status (science / parascience / philosophical concept). At the same time, immortological ideas are integrated into the current agenda of intellectual communities and cultural spheres (business, intelligentsia, politics, religion, science), and claim to implement reformist projects (letters from “Russia 2045” to the president, the organization of the part «Evolution 2045», etc.). Secondly, immortality is associated with a deep desire, an archetypal mode of human existence, reproduced in mythology (search for a source in nature), religion (afterlife), art (religious and mythological plots), philosophy (cosmism), and science (?). The role of the latter is claimed by the often identified immortality and transhumanism, operating with the concept of “practical immortality”. In microformats, the topic is diffracted, falling into different contexts. The goal of this article is not to reduce it to some common semantic denominator, but to provide a working assembly of popular patterns of immortality in tags and memes.
Keywords in Education Policy Research
Authors: Wilkins Andrew , Courtney Steven J. , Piattoeva Nelli
Published: December 2024

Designed as a reference, learning and teaching tool to assist students, educators and researchers, this book describes the history, contribution and application of over ninety keywords in the field of education policy research.
Meaningful Philanthropy
Authors: Shang Jen , Sargeant Adrian
Published: December 2024

With unparalleled access to some of the world's most reflective and thoughtful philanthropists, this book explores the philanthropic journey of forty-eight high net worth individuals (HNWIs) and ultra-high net worth individuals (UHNWIs) to uncover the person behind the giving.
Rethinking Governance in Public Service Outsourcing
Authors: Boeger Nina
Published: December 2024

Compelling and robust, this book provides an analysis of challenges in public service outsourcing and considers how to avoid failure in the future. Examining how barriers to implementing this idea within the existing EU and UK legal frameworks may be addressed, the book formulates actionable policy proposals.