bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Ontology Based Support for Smart Home Planning
Authors: Schäfer Franziska , Zhang Yi Xiao , Franke Jörg
Published: October 2016

The amount of products for smart homes and the heterogeneous standards interconnecting them is overwhelming. Consequently, choosing the most suitable technical solution according to the resident’s lifestyle is often confusing. In this paper, we propose an ontology to support the planning process of a scenario based personalized smart home (SH). The way that heterogeneous SH components, e.g. sensors, devices and appliances, are represented by our ontology is described. The design process based on this concept includes an assignment between user-specific scenarios and possible technical solutions. Finally, we show the scenario-based utilization of our approach.
An Energy Ontology Focusing on Demand Side Management in Smart Homes
Authors: Naser Beate , Schäfer Franziska , Franke Jörg
Published: October 2016

By increasing the share of renewable energy sources, the volatility of available energy is rising. More and more fluctuating power generation by solar power plants and wind turbines has to be integrated into the power grid. Demand side management (DSM) represents one possible solution to achieve this goal by including energy production and energy consumption simultaneously. In this paper, we especially focus on the field of electric energy in smart homes. Considering the implementation of different DSM devices, an ontology-based approach can serve as a conceptual foundation for a necessary knowledge base. We propose an advanced energy ontology for smart homes, integrating important aspects for a successful DSM. We describe how power producers, storages and consumers are represented in our ontology. Finally, we show the scenario-based utilization of our approach.
Recognition and Description of Unknown Everyday Objects by Using an Image Based Meta-Search Engine for Service Robots
Authors: Reitelshöfer Sebastian , Meister Sebastian , Franke Jörg
Published: October 2016

In future applications service robots will operate in complex and unstructured environments. While performing daily tasks such systems will have to recognize many different unknown objects in order to be able to conduct continuative processes. To support enhanced functionalities of a service robot system an image based meta-search engine that is accessible for a machine can be used. In this contribution the realization of an approach to determine reasonable identification results for single and multiple everyday objects by using the Google reverse image search system is described. In order to deliver convenient results for the communication of a robotic system with a human user the generated search results are post-processed and prepared in order to provide reasonable object descriptions. To enable an intuitive application, control a gesture based approach allows potential users to initialize a search procedure by pointing at an object of interest while being observed by a camera system. The performed experiments show a quite reliable detection behavior for a reasonably broad variety of everyday objects.
A novel concept of pneumatic pump in the outpatient management of mixed leg ulceration: a pilot study
Authors: Tessari Mirko , Gianesini Sergio , Spath Paolo , Menegatti Erica , Sibilla Maria Grazia , Zamboni Matilde , Malagoni Anna Maria , Zamboni Paolo
Published: October 2016

Mixed leg ulcer is a challenge in vascular diseases because both arterial and venous systems of the lower extremities are involved in the wound pathogenesis. Management is very difficult because the coexistence of the two conditions sometimes prevent to use compression bandaging, which is the cornerstone of venous leg ulcer treatment. It has been recently developed the so called gradient pump (GP), a novel device which permits to intermittently stop the flow in the femoral vein with a pneumatic cuff placed on the thigh. Subsequent release of the femoral vein compression determines a dramatic aspiration of the blood up-ward the heart, with synchronous and measured improved perfusion of the distal limb. We applied GP at 4 consecutive cases of multiple mixed painful ulcerations of the foot and leg scheduled for below knee and/or foot amputations. In all cases measure of pain by visual analogue scale significantly decreased; GP in most cases together intravenous infusion of synthetic prostacyclin led to improvement and/or minimal amputation. Therefore such a management can be done on outpatient bases, allowing a considerable lowering of health costs. We conclude that GP could be a valuable tool in the arsenal of mixed leg ulcer clinical assessment.
О вероятности наличия в случайной последовательности цепочек с одинаковой структурой
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir Gavrilovich
Published: October 2016

В работе получено асимптотическое выражение (с явно выписанной оценкой остаточного члена) для вероятности наличия в отрезке последовательности полиномиальных испытаний, управляемых цепью Маркова, цепочек с повторениями знаков, имеющих одинаковую структуру.
О числах независимости случайных разреженных гиперграфов
Authors: Semenov Aleksandr Sergeevich , Shabanov Dmitry Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2016

Изучается асимптотическое поведение числа независимости для биномиальной модели случайного $k$-однородного гиперграфа $H(n,k,p)$ в разреженном случае, когда $p=c/{n-1\choose k-1}$ при положительном постоянном $c>0$. Показано, что существует такая константа $\gamma(c)>0$, что число независимости $\alpha(H(n,k,p))$ подчиняется закону больших чисел
$$
\frac{\alpha(H(n,k,p))}n\stackrel{\mathsf P}\to\gamma(c)\quadпри\quad n\to+\infty.
$$
Доказано, что $\gamma(c)>0$ является решением некоторого трансцендентного уравнения при малых значениях $c\leqslant(k-1)^{-1}$.
Производные на границе для аналитических липшицевых функций
Authors: O'Farrell Anthony Gilbert
Published: October 2016

Изучается поведение голоморфных функций на ограниченных открытых подмножествах комплексной плоскости. Предполагается, что исследуемые функции удовлетворяют условию Липшица с показателем $\alpha$, $0<\alpha<1$, в окрестности исключительной граничной точки, в которой функции предполагаются в некотором смысле гладкими. Более конкретно, исследуется связь между абстрактным понятием ограниченной точечной производной на алгебре таких функций и классической комплексной производной, определяемой через предел разностных отношений. Показано, что если в граничной точке $b$ существует ограниченная точечная производная, то она может быть вычислена как предел классических разностных отношений при стремлении к точке $b$ по множеству, имеющему в точке $b$ полную плоскую плотность.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Spontaneous Splenic Rupture Caused by Scrub Typhus
Authors: Thipmontree Wilawan , Suwattanabunpot Kittipong , Supputtamonkol Yupin
Published: October 2016

Spontaneous rupture of the spleen is rarely described as a complication of scrub typhus infection. We report a previously healthy 74-year-old Thai female farmer who presented in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, with a history of fever and malaise for 5 days, followed by abdominal pain for 1 day. An exploratory laparotomy was performed due to peritonitis. Operative findings revealed a ruptured spleen and hemoperitoneum. A splenectomy was performed afterward. Scrub typhus was confirmed by a 4-fold increase of IgM titer using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay and a positive result from the polymerase chain reaction targeting the 47- and 56-kDa genes in Orientia tsutsugamushi. She responded well to intravenous chloramphenicol and defervesced within 24 hours without any complication.
The Ideal Kindergarten: Views of Undergraduate Students Studying At the Faculty of Early Childhood Education of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Authors: Kyridis Argyris , Vasilopoulou Konstantina , Nalbantoglou Sofia , Konstantinidou Zoe
Published: October 2016

Preschool age is one of the most important periods in man’s life, in which children grow rapidly while the environment provides proper stimulus so that they are fully developed and can go over to the next educational stages smoothly. A total of factors affects this progress. These factors are related to the program of kindergarten, the practices that are applied, the surrounding area, the relations between the kindergarten teacher and the broader social context, moreover the kindergarten teachers themselves are responsible for such an important function. The purpose of this research is to expand the undergraduate student’s views of the University of Early Childhood Education concerning the features of an ideal kindergarten that favors children’s development and offers a pleasant and creative stay.
Juvenile Probation Professionals’ Perceptions of Community-Based Probation Practices
Authors: Beneby Darren R.
Published: October 2016

Recent budget restraints and heightened concerns for juvenile offenders’ safety and well-being have compelled juvenile justice policymakers and practitioners to implement community-based approaches for reducing juvenile recidivism.  This paper explores whether individual, organizational, and attitudinal factors influence juvenile probation professionals’ perceptions of the community-based probation (CBP) model, a supervision strategy that emphasizes establishing community partnerships to rehabilitate youths.  Seventy-one juvenile probation professionals working in probation agencies across Texas completed questionnaires asking them about their perceptions of CBP and its impact on current juvenile offending trends.  Results of regression analyses revealed that rehabilitation-oriented juvenile probation professionals were more likely to attribute current decreases in juvenile offending to CBP and more likely to believe that CBP does not endanger public safety.  Interestingly, the age of juvenile probation professionals was correlated with an increased probability that professionals believed that CBP poses no threat to public safety. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications for supervision strategies and directions for future research.     
Zika Vírus
Authors: Bastos Cynthia Molina , D'Avila Otávio Pereira , Umpierre Roberto Nunes , Rodrigues Marcelo Goncalves , Harzheim Erno
Published: October 2016

Michele, 32 anos, procura a Unidade de Saúde por manchas na pele, há 24 horas, levemente pruriginosas. A paciente retornou de uma viagem há dois dias. Viajou por cidades do nordeste brasileiro durante dez dias. Ela suspeita de que a reação alérgica se deve ao protetor solar, que pode ter causado a irritação na sua pele. Conforme relata, no último dia das férias, precisou comprar um produto novo, de uma marca que  nunca havia utilizado. Além disso, refere que o quadro alérgico está tão importante que não colocou as lentes de contato, devido ao olho levemente vermelho, sem prurido e com discreto lacrimejamento e já iniciou o colírio para conjuntivite alérgica, corticoide tópico nasal e loratadina 10 mg.Quando questionada em relação a outros sintomas associados, refere cansaço, dizendo que adorou a viagem, mas que retornar de férias é sempre mais cansativo. Afirma que não se alimentou direito nos últimos dois dias, o voo durou mais de 12 horas devido as conexões aéreas e que ela está com dor no corpo, mais importantes nas articulações, “toda dolorida”. Cefaleia e sensação de peso na cabeça e malestar.  Não sabe se teve febre, pois não aferiu, entretanto, quando questionada acha possível. Nega alterações no hábito intestinal ou urinárias. Refere tosse e discreta secreção hialina nasal, após ter chegado ao seu apartamento, que ficou fechado por dez dias.Michele é  professora universitária, natural de Mossoró, no Rio Grande do Norte, católica, casada.  Foi morar na região Sul do país,  com seu esposo, após assumir um cargo na universidade local. Eles planejam engravidar no ano de 2016, inclusive realizaram sorologias e esclareceram dúvidas na última consulta na unidade de saúde.Segundo anotações do prontuário médico, a paciente apresenta diversas atopias, com quadros de exacerbação de conjuntivite alérgica, dermatite atópica e rinossinusite alérgica mais importantes no inverno e na primavera. Entretanto, tem bom controle dos sintomas com uso de corticoide tópicos nos meses de inverno e primavera. Uso de anticoncepcional oral.Ao exame físico, a paciente apresenta bom estado geral, eutrófica, temperatura axilar de 37,4 graus, sinais vitais sem alteração. Pele com exantema maculopapular, distribuído por todo corpo, sem descamação, sem preservar áreas específicas. Olhos com hiperemia de conjuntiva, sem secreção aparente. Rinoscopia e oroscopia sem alterações. Ausculta pulmonar limpa. Extremidades perfundidas, aquecidas e sem edema.PERGUNTABaseado na história e exame físico, qual o diagnóstico mais provável?a)    Zika Vírus.b)    Reação alérgica aguda de etiologia ainda desconhecida.c)    Parvovirose.d)    Exacerbação da dermatite atópica e da conjuntivite alérgica.
Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry
Authors: Natori Jéssica Sayuri Hisano , Tótoli Eliane Gandolpho , Salgado Hérida Regina Nunes
Published: October 2016

Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.
Designing K-2 Formative Assessment Tasks
Authors: Reed Kristen E. , Paul Goldenberg E.
Published: October 2016

Use these principles for constructing and choosing tasks that blend seamlessly into the school day, guide your teaching, and preserve precious instructional time.
Activism and Civil Society: Broadening Participation and Deepening Democracy
Authors: Dekker Paul , Feenstra Ramón A.
Published: October 2016

In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of political activism through an irruption of citizen movements – 5M or Occupy–, the birth of new political platforms –5 Stelle, Zyrisa, Podemos– and the rise of new direct action groups, such as Anonymous, Stop-Evictions Movements, cooperatives, to name just a few. In some countries this activism has not just placed substantial pressure on traditional actors of representative democracy and governments, but has also opened up opportunities for structural changes in the policymaking context and procedures (García Marzá, 2012).
Ethical potentialities on physical education as a vehicle for ethical education through sports
Authors: Ávila da Costa Luísa , McNamee Michael , Lacerda Teresa
Published: October 2016

Sports occupy an interesting ethical space from a pedagogic point of view, being included in physical education curricula in most Western countries. The approach of physical education to sports as vehicle for ethical education is too limited when it is restricted to their minimal functional, constitutive and regulatory goals. This essay’s aim is to argue the extent to which the ethical potential of physical education can embrace more than functional purposes, or whether that will be neglected in terms of limited educational aspirations. We present data from nineteen exploratory interviews with experienced philosophy, sports and physical education researchers and teachers, from six different nations, concerning the ethical potentiality of physical education. We highlight five ethical themes: (i) the regulatory and normative structure of sports; (ii) the spirit of sports and its internal values; (iii) the right playing/doing of sports; (iv) the overcoming in sports; and (v) sports as an opportunity for a supererogatory ethics as fertile ground for future operationalization of the potential of physical education for ethical education through sports.El deporte ocupa un interesante espacio ético desde un punto de vista pedagógico, integrándose en los curricula de educación física en la mayoría de países occidentales. El planteamiento de la educación física como vehículo de la educación ética es limitado cuando restringido a sus objetivos mínimos funcionales, constitutivos y regulatorios. El objetivo de este estudio es discutir si el potencial ético de la educación física puede ir más allá de los propósitos funcionales, que considerados aisladamente constituyen un desperdicio de la experiencia pedagógica del deporte. Para conseguirlo, presentamos datos de diecinueve entrevistas exploratorias con experimentados investigadores y profesores de filosofía, deporte y educación física relacionadas con las potencialidades éticas de la educación física. La muestra incluye individuos de seis diferentes nacionalidades, cuyo trabajo demuestra preocupaciones con el tema. La argumentación resulta de cinco temáticas principales: (i) Estructura normativa y regulativa del deporte; (ii) El espírito del deporte y sus valores internos; (iii) El bien hacer deportivo; (iv) La superación deportiva; (v) El deporte como oportunidad de una ética supererogatoria como contexto fértil para la concretización del potencial ético de una educación deportiva.
Reflexiones para una educación ético-estética de la belleza como contribución a la dignificación de la persona en el deporte
Authors: Sánchez Pato Antonio , De la Torre Olid Francisco
Published: October 2016

Desde la teología y la filosofía podemos comprender el concepto de belleza en el deporte ligado a la dignidad humana. Para ello, en este artículo: a) analizamos desde la antropología del cristianismo el lugar del cuerpo y el valor del deporte en la vida del ser humano; b) abordamos la estética intentando comprender la belleza ligada a la dignidad;  a continuación, c) proponemos una educación estética donde la belleza ligada al deporte no está exenta del sufrimiento, las limitaciones físicas o psíquicas del individuo, para que seamos capaces de ver más allá de las formas, en orden a respetar y salvaguardar la dignidad de la persona humana; finalmente, d) reflexionamos sobre el concepto de belleza que profesores y entrenadores están trasmitiendo a los alumnos y a los deportistas a través del deporte, proponiendo un modelo en el que cabe el dolor, el sufrimiento, las limitaciones e imperfecciones sin dejar por ello de ser bellos.From theology and philosophy we can understand the concept of beauty in sport linked to human dignity. Therefore, in this article: a) we analyze, from the anthropology of Christianity, the body and the value of sport in the lives of human beings; b) we boarded the aesthetic trying to understand beauty linked to dignity; then c) we propose an aesthetic education where beauty linked to sport is not without suffering, physical or mental limitations of the individual, so that we are able to see beyond the forms, in order to respect and safeguard the dignity of the human person; finally, d) we reflect on the concept of beauty that teachers and coaches are transmitting to students and athletes through sport, proposing a model that fits the pain, suffering, limitations and imperfections while still being beautiful.
Derechos humanos y justicia social: El papel de la sociedad civil
Authors: Rodríguez Coronel Martha , Martínez Navarro Emilio
Published: October 2016

Los estados eran tradicionalmente los encargados de responder del ámbito público y de promover los derechos humanos (Ruggie, 2013); los mercados atendían a la generación de valor económico; y el tercer sector se encargaba de la integración social. Sin embargo, hoy en día esto ha cambiado, ya no es equivalente la responsabilidad pública con la responsabilidad estatal. Aunque los estados siguen siendo los máximos responsables, no son los únicos agentes responsables de esa tarea. Ahora hablamos de una sociedad civil globalizada (García-Marzá, 2013). No en vano, el subtítulo de este monográfico especial de Recerca es «El papel de la sociedad civil».
Some factors influencing canine sperm motility
Authors: Rizzoto Guilherme , Varela Junior Antonio Sergio , Bicca Dode Maria Eduarda , Lemos Goularte Karina , Lucia Junior Thomaz , Dahl Corcini Carine
Published: October 2016

This study aimed to evaluate whether sperm motility (MOT) in dog semen is influenced by dog age, breed, or number of sperm collections. The study group consisted of four Shih Tzus and five Border Collies, aged 1–8 years. Sperm was collected from each dog once every seven days, for a total of six weeks. Sperm motility did not differ (P > 0.05) based on age and breed. Mean MOT at the first collection (67.4% ± 6.9%) was lower (P < 0.05) than that at the third, fifth, and sixth collections (86.2%; 88.9%; 89.1% ± 6.9%, respectively). Increased MOT was observed after the third collection, demonstrating a positive correlation with the number of sperm collections and sperm motility (P< 0.05). Accordingly, our results indicate that sperm processing efficiency is increased after the collection of three ejaculates.
Características quantitativas e qualitativas da carcaça de ovinos Santa Inês em função da relação volumoso:concentrado na dieta, com e sem gordura protegida
Authors: De Assis Marques Bênnio Alexandre , De Souza Bonifácio Benicio , De Sousa Nobre Ismael , Figueiredo Batista Luanna , Gonçalves Andrade Evyla Layssa , Morais Pereira Filho José , Fontes Cezar Marcílio , Nunes da Silva Elisângela Maria
Published: October 2016

Objetivou-se avaliar as características quantitativas e qualitativas da carcaça de ovinos Santa Inês alimentados com diferentes níveis de concentrado e volumoso com e sem gordura protegida, criados em sistema de confinamento no semiárido paraibano. Foram utilizados 30 machos inteiros da raça Santa Inês,em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, composto por 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes níveis de concentrado (40, 50 e 60%), e cada nível foi testado com e sem a adição de 2% de gordura protegida (GP). Ao término do período de confinamento, os animais foram abatidos e após 24 horas, foi realizada a avaliação do músculo Longissimus dorsi. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e os valores médios comparados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, utilizando o sistema de análise estatística SAS (2003). A relação 40:60 de volumoso:concentrado promoveu aumento nos rendimentos de carcaça, quente e fria (P<0,05). Para a inclusão de gordura protegida, não se observou diferença significativa entre os tratamentos. A utilização de 50:50 de volumoso:concentrado demonstrou atender às necessidades para a obtenção de carcaça ovina com características desejáveis de qualidade e,por apresentar maior viabilidade econômica no que se refere aos custos de produção, seria a proporção volumoso:concentrado mais recomendada entre as proporções estudadas. A utilização de 2% de GP na dieta não influencia significativamente as características qualitativas e quantitativas da carcaça de ovinos Santa Inês criados em confinamento.
Efeito da lincomicina como aditivo melhorador de desempenho sobre a incidência de diarreia e o desempenho de leitões na fase de creche
Authors: Cordeiro Ramos Alanna , Milanezi Adni , Batista Costa Leandro , Demarco Maito Camila , Brandão de Melo Antônio Diego , Lopes Paschoal Aline Fernanda , Maiorka Alex , Machado Júnior Pedro Celso , Mazutti Kelly
Published: October 2016

O desmame impõe um estresse significativo na vida dos leitões, caracterizado por uma alta incidência de distúrbios intestinais e depressão do crescimento em leitões. Esse baixo desempenho associado ao desmame em suínos é resultado de um estresse multifatorial, incluindo estresse ambiental, nutricional e psicológico. Dessa forma, é comum a inclusão de antimicrobianos na ração, utilizados como aditivos melhoradores de desempenho, para leitões na fase pós-desmame. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da adição de lincomicina na ração sobre a incidência de diarreia e desempenho em leitões na fase de creche. Para isso, foram utilizados 60 leitões recém-desmamados, os quais foram divididos em dois tratamentos, cada qual composto por dez repetições de três animais: grupo controle (ração sem antimicrobiano) e grupo lincomicina(ração com 22 mg/kg de lincomicina). O peso dos animais foi verificado ao início do experimento e utilizado para distribuí-los igualmente nas diferentes repetições de todos os tratamentos. Semanalmente,durante cinco semanas, o consumo diário de ração, o ganho de peso diário e a conversão alimentar dos suínos foram avaliados. As fezes foram monitoradas diariamente, com a atribuição de escores relacionados à consistência das mesmas. Os resultados demonstraram que a lincomicina, utilizada como aditivo melhorador de desempenho, não apresentou efeito sobre os parâmetros de desempenho avaliados. No entanto, a lincomicina reduziu significativamente a incidência de diarreia em leitões na fase de creche.
Financial viability for milk production of Dutch and Jersey breeds: An analysis through Monte Carlo simulation and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Suchla Evelin , Catapan Anderson , Catapan Edilson Antonio , Klüppel Smijtink Rafael
Published: October 2016

Due to the favorable characteristics such as climate and topography, the Agribusiness represents much of the generation of wealth in Brazil. Considering this importance, the objective of this research was to identify how many cows of the Dutch and Jersey breeds are required for a small milk producer get profit with its production of Brazilian. For this, the cash flows and the NPV were calculated. The NPV was calculated under deterministic and probabilistic aspects, performing a Monte Carlo simulation and afterwards a Sensitivity Analysis, illustrating the variable parameters that more influence in the outcome of the NPV. It was noticed that the selling price of a liter of milk and the amount of liters of milk produced per cow are the parameters which most affect the NPV. The results showed that there is a need for at least 33 cows of Dutch breed or 43 cows of Jersey breed for the project to generate wealth to the producer
Sustainable yield of the Colle Quartara carbonate aquifer in the Southern Lepini Mountains (Central Italy)
Authors: Conte Giovanni , Di Manna Pio , Gafà Rossella Maria , Martarelli Lucio , Monti Gennaro Maria , Amanti Marco
Published: October 2016

The present research is aimed to contribute to the groundwater resource sustainable management of a carbonate aquifer in a test area of the Lepini Mountains (Central Italy). This aquifer constitutes a major exploited groundwater body of central Apennines. At regional scale, the hydrogeological features of the Lepini hydrostructure are well known. The present study focuses on a portion of the Lepini Mountains where important tapping-works for drinking water supply are in activity (about 1.2 m3/s). New investigations were carried out including: meteo-climatic analysis, spring discharge and hydrometric time series processing, pumping test result interpretation. In addition, a detailed lithostratigraphical and structural survey of a portion of the Lepini hydrostructure at 1:10,000 scale was performed also examining the dense network of discontinuities affecting the carbonate aquifer. Extensional Plio-Pleistocene tectonic activity displaced the carbonate rock sequence under the Pontina Plain, where the carbonate aquifer is confined. The investigation results have allowed the reconstruction of the hydrogeological conceptual model of the studied portion of carbonate massif. Given the scale of the study and the results of the investigation, the carbonate aquifer can be treated as an equivalent porous medium, and the simplified numerical model of the aquifer was constructed with the code MODFLOW-2005. The numerical model, still now under continuous implementation, produced first results on the current withdrawal sustainability, allowing evaluation of possible alternative exploitation scenarios of the carbonate aquifer also considering the probably not significant flow exchanges with the Pontina Plain aquifer.
NusG inhibits RNA polymerase backtracking by stabilizing the minimal transcription bubble
Authors: Turtola Matti , Belogurov Georgiy A
Published: October 2016

Universally conserved factors from NusG family bind at the upstream fork junction of transcription elongation complexes and modulate RNA synthesis in response to translation, processing, and folding of the nascent RNA. Escherichia coli NusG enhances transcription elongation in vitro by a poorly understood mechanism. Here we report that E. coli NusG slows Gre factor-stimulated cleavage of the nascent RNA, but does not measurably change the rates of single nucleotide addition and translocation by a non-paused RNA polymerase. We demonstrate that NusG slows RNA cleavage by inhibiting backtracking. This activity is abolished by mismatches in the upstream DNA and is independent of the gate and rudder loops, but is partially dependent on the lid loop. Our comprehensive mapping of the upstream fork junction by base analogue fluorescence and nucleic acids crosslinking suggests that NusG inhibits backtracking by stabilizing the minimal transcription bubble.
Demonstration of ultraprecision ductile-mode cutting for lithium niobate microring waveguides
Authors: Takigawa Ryo , Higurashi Eiji , Kawanishi Tetsuya , Asano Tanemasa
Published: October 2016

In this paper, the application of the ultraprecision ductile-mode cutting method to the fabrication of microring waveguides in lithium niobate crystal was investigated. Although it was difficult to apply a mechanical cutting method to the fabrication of microring waveguides with smooth sidewalls, it was confirmed that no harmful cutting traces on the machined surface occur with the appropriate movement of the cutting tool. The root-mean-square surface roughness of the resulting sidewall was 6.1 nm, which is sufficiently small to suppress the scattering loss of the circulating light. In addition, the conditions for the ductile-mode cutting of lithium niobate crystal were investigated.
Tolerância da mandioca a diferentes herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência
Authors: Bandeira Hugo Falkyner da Silva , Alves José Maria Arcanjo , Rocha Paulo Roberto Ribeiro , Strucker Anderson , Trassato Luciana Baú
Published: October 2016

A mandioca apresenta ciclo longo e crescimento inicial lento, o que facilita desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas que irão competir com a cultura. Objetivou-se avaliar a tolerância da mandioca, cultivar Aciolina, a diferentes herbicidas, na fase inicial de desenvolvimento da cultura. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: haloxyfop (60 g ha-1 i.a), lactofen (180 g ha-1 i.a), chorimuron-ethyl (17,5 g ha-1 i.a), bentazon (576 g ha-1 i.a), bentazon + imazamox (600 + 28 g ha-1 i.a), imazethapyr (100 g ha-1 i.a), fomesafen (250 g ha-1 i.a), quizalofop-P-ethyl (62,5 g ha-1 i.a), lactofen + quizalofop-P-ethyl (180 + 62,5 g ha-1 i.a), fomesafen + quizalofop-P-ethyl (250 + 62,5 g ha-1 i.a), além de uma testemunha. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação, altura e número de folhas, massa seca foliar, da haste, raiz, massa seca total e área foliar. Os herbicidas bentazon, fomesafen e fomesafen + quizalofop-P-ethyl provocaram injúrias elevadas, porém não comprometeram o desenvolvimento das plantas. O herbicida imazethapyr interferiu no desenvolvimento da cultura reduzindo em 58,03% a altura e em 35,87% a massa seca total das plantas. Foram observadas deformações nas folhas novas com o tratamento bentazon + imazamox. O uso do lactofen + quizalofop-P-ethyl resultou na morte das plantas, o uso do lactofen, reduziu todas as variáveis estudadas. A cv. Aciolina mostrou tolerância aos herbicidas haloxyfop, quizalofop-P-ethyl e chlorimuron-ethyl. Os herbicidas lactofen, imazethapyr, bentazon + imazamox e o lactofen + quizalofop-P-ethyl provocam danos severos a cultura da mandioca.
Subdoses de glyphosate não reduzem a produtividade da cultura do milho
Authors: Felisberto Patrícia Aparecida De Carvalho , Timossi Paulo César , Felisberto Guilherme , Ramos Andréia Rodrigues
Published: October 2016

Na aplicação de herbicidas, utilizados como maturadores, deve ser levado em consideração as culturas cultivadas em áreas adjacentes, devido ao risco de ocorrência de deriva desses produtos. Partindo do pressuposto da sensibilidade da cultura do milho ao glyphosate, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de subdoses de glyphosate na cultura do milho quando aplicadas em estádios de desenvolvimento V4 e V8. O experimento foi instalado em Jataí, GO, constituído de 10 tratamentos estabelecidos no delineamento com blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu à aplicação do maturador nos estádios V4 e V8 de desenvolvimento da cultura do milho e o segundo fator às subdoses (0; 3; 6; 9 e 12% de 216,0 g ha-1 e.a.) de glyphosate. Cada parcela experimental continha 10 linhas do híbrido SYN 7G17 com 9 metros de comprimento. Efeitos de fitotoxicidade visual nas plantas não foram perceptíveis em ambos estádios de aplicação aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 42 dias após aplicação. Componentes de crescimento e de produção não foram afetados por subdoses de até 12% (25,92 g ha-1 e.a.) de glyphosate.
Development of a P((MAA‐co‐NVP)‐g‐EG) Hydrogel Platform for Oral Protein Delivery: Effects of Hydrogel Composition on Environmental Response and Protein Partitioning
Authors: Steichen Stephanie , O'Connor Colleen , Peppas Nicholas A.
Published: October 2016

Hydrogels based upon terpolymers of methacrylic acid, N‐vinyl pyrrolidone, and poly(ethylene glycol) are developed and characterized for their ability to respond to changes in environmental pH and to partition protein therapeutics of varying molecular weights and isoelectric points. P((MAA‐co‐NVP)‐g‐EG) hydrogels are synthesized with PEG‐based cross‐linking agents of varying length and incorporation densities. The composition is confirmed using FT‐IR spectroscopy and shows peak shifts indicating hydrogen bonding. Scanning electron microscopy reveals microparticles with an irregular, planar morphology. The pH‐responsive behavior of the hydrogels is confirmed under equilibrium and dynamic conditions, with the hydrogel collapsed at acidic pH and swollen at neutral pH. The ability of the hydrogels to partition model protein therapeutics at varying pH and ionic strength is evaluated using three model proteins: insulin, porcine growth hormone, and ovalbumin. Finally, the microparticles are evaluated for adverse interactions with two model intestinal cell lines and show minimal cytotoxicity at concentrations below 5 mg mL−1.

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Generating Aptamers Interacting with Polymeric Surfaces for Biofunctionalization
Authors: Schulz Christian , Hecht Jochen , Krüger‐Genge Anne , Kratz Karl , Jung Friedrich , Lendlein Andreas
Published: October 2016

Common strategies for biofunctionalization of surfaces comprise the immobilization of bioactive molecules used as cell‐binding ligands for cell recruitment. Besides covalent binding, multivalent noncovalent physical forces between substrate and ligand are an alternative way to equip surfaces with biomacromolecules. In this study, polymer binding ligands are screened by means of a DNA‐based in vitro selection process. As candidate biomaterials poly(ether imide) (PEI), polystyrene, and poly[ethylene‐co‐(vinyl acetate)] are selected, due to their different chemical structure, but similar macroscopic interface properties, allowing physical interaction with nucleotide bases by varying valences. Multivalent interacting aptamers are successfully enriched by SELEX method and an area‐wide surface functionalization is achieved, which can be used for further binding of bioactive molecules. In vitro selection against the polymers result in thymine‐dominated aptamer binding motifs. The preferential interaction with thymine is attributed to its chemical structure, connected with a decreased electrostatic repulsion of the π‐system and the hydrophobic character maximizing entropy. The aptamer binding stability correlates with available valences for interaction, resulting in a more stable functionalization of PEI.

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Thermodynamic evaluation of pure Co for the third generation of thermodynamic databases
Authors: Li Zhou , Bigdeli Sedigheh , Mao Huahai , Chen Qing , Selleby Malin
Published: October 2016

An updated thermodynamic description of pure Co was obtained by applying new models for the third generation of Calphad databases. In these models, different contributions to the heat capacity, especially the vibrational part, were treated separately, each with a clear physical meaning. More importantly, the phase stabilities of the various allotropes are now physically well defined. Thus, the derived thermodynamic properties vary more reasonably and smoothly from 0 K and up. Calculated thermodynamic properties were compared with experimental data and good agreement was obtained.
Objective Bayesian Comparison of Constrained Analysis of Variance Models
Authors: Consonni Guido , Paroli Roberta
Published: October 2016

In the social sciences we are often interested in comparing models specified by parametric equality or inequality constraints. For instance, when examining three group means <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/metadata" xmlns:core="http://cambridge.org/core" xmlns:c="http://cambridge.org/core/content">{μ1,μ2,μ3}\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\{ \mu _1, \mu _2, \mu _3\}$$\end{document} through an analysis of variance (ANOVA), a model may specify that <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/metadata" xmlns:core="http://cambridge.org/core" xmlns:c="http://cambridge.org/core/content">μ1<μ2<μ3\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\mu _1<\mu _2<\mu _3$$\end{document}, while another one may state that <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/metadata" xmlns:core="http://cambridge.org/core" xmlns:c="http://cambridge.org/core/content">{μ1=μ3}<μ2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\{ \mu _1=\mu _3\} <\mu _2$$\end{document}, and finally a third model may instead suggest that all means are unrestricted. This is a challenging problem, because it involves a combination of nonnested models, as well as nested models having the same dimension. We adopt an objective Bayesian approach, requiring no prior specification from the user, and derive the posterior probability of each model under consideration. Our method is based on the intrinsic prior methodology, suitably modified to accommodate equality and inequality constraints. Focussing on normal ANOVA models, a comparative assessment is carried out through simulation studies. We also present an application to real data collected in a psychological experiment.
PERMISSIVISM AND THE ARBITRARINESS OBJECTION
Authors: Mark simpson Robert
Published: October 2016

Permissivism says that for some propositions and bodies of evidence, there is more than one rationally permissible doxastic attitude that can be taken towards that proposition given the evidence. Some critics of this view argue that it condones, as rationally acceptable, sets of attitudes that manifest an untenable kind of arbitrariness. I begin by providing a new and more detailed explication of what this alleged arbitrariness consists in. I then explain why Miriam Schoenfield's prima facie promising attempt to answer the Arbitrariness Objection, by appealing to the role of epistemic standards in rational belief formation, fails to resolve the problem. Schoenfield's strategy is, however, a useful one, and I go on to explain how an alternative form of the standards-based approach to Permissivism – one that emphasizes the significance of the relationship between people's cognitive abilities and the epistemic standards that they employ – can respond to the arbitrariness objection.
Poor stimulus discriminability as a common neuropsychological deficit between ADHD and reading ability in young children: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Lúcio P. S. , Salum G. A. , Rohde L. A. , Swardfager W. , Gadelha A. , Vandekerckhove J. , Pan P. M. , Polanczyk G. V. , do Rosário M. C. , Jackowski A. P. , Mari J. J. , Cogo-Moreira H.
Published: October 2016

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with poorer reading ability; however, the specific neuropsychological domains linking this co-occurrence remain unclear. This study evaluates information-processing characteristics as possible neuropsychological links between ADHD symptoms and RA in a community-based sample of children and early adolescents with normal IQ (⩾70).

Method

The participants (n = 1857, aged 6–15 years, 47% female) were evaluated for reading ability (reading single words aloud) and information processing [stimulus discriminability in the two-choice reaction-time task estimated using diffusion models]. ADHD symptoms were ascertained through informant (parent) report using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Verbal working memory (VWM; digit span backwards), visuospatial working memory (VSWM, Corsi Blocks backwards), sex, socioeconomic status, and IQ were included as covariates.

Results

In a moderated mediation model, stimulus discriminability mediated the effect of ADHD on reading ability. This indirect effect was moderated by age such that a larger effect was seen among younger children.

Conclusion

The findings support the hypothesis that ADHD and reading ability are linked among young children via a neuropsychological deficit related to stimulus discriminability. Early interventions targeting stimulus discriminability might improve symptoms of inattention/hyperactivity and reading ability.
Ontology-based executable design decision template representation and reuse
Authors: Ming Zhenjun , Yan Yan , Wang Guoxin , Panchal Jitesh H. , Goh Chung-Hyun , Allen Janet K. , Mistree Farrokh
Published: October 2016

In decision-based design, the principal role of a designer is to make decisions. Decision support is crucial to augment this role. In this paper, we present an ontology that provides decision support from both the “construct” and the “information” perspectives that address the gap that existing research focus on these two perspectives separately and cannot provide effective decision support. The decision support construct in the ontology is the compromise decision support problem (cDSP) that is used to make multiobjective design decisions. The information for decision making is archived as cDSP templates and represented using frame-based ontology for facilitating reuse, consistency maintaining, and rapid execution. In order to facilitate designers’ effective reuse of the populated cDSP templates ontology instances, we identified three types of modification that can be made when design consideration evolves. In our earlier work, part of the utilization (consistency checking) of the ontology has been demonstrated through a thin-walled pressure vessel redesign example. In this paper, we comprehensively present the ontology utilization including consistency checking, trade-off analysis, and design space visualization based on the pressure vessel example.
Automatic generation of design structure matrices through the evolution of product models
Authors: Gopsill James A. , Snider Chris , McMahon Chris , Hicks Ben
Published: October 2016

Dealing with component interactions and dependencies remains a core and fundamental aspect of engineering, where conflicts and constraints are solved on an almost daily basis. Failure to consider these interactions and dependencies can lead to costly overruns, failure to meet requirements, and lengthy redesigns. Thus, the management and monitoring of these dependencies remains a crucial activity in engineering projects and is becoming ever more challenging with the increase in the number of components, component interactions, and component dependencies, in both a structural and a functional sense. For these reasons, tools and methods to support the identification and monitoring of component interactions and dependencies continues to be an active area of research. In particular, design structure matrices (DSMs) have been extensively applied to identify and visualize product and organizational architectures across a number of engineering disciplines. However, the process of generating these DSMs has primarily used surveys, structured interviews, and/or meetings with engineers. As a consequence, there is a high cost associated with engineers' time alongside the requirement to continually update the DSM structure as a product develops. It follows that the proposition of this paper is to investigate whether an automated and continuously evolving DSM can be generated by monitoring the changes in the digital models that represent the product. This includes models that are generated from computer-aided design, finite element analysis, and computational fluid dynamics systems. The paper shows that a DSM generated from the changes in the product models corroborates with the product architecture as defined by the engineers and results from previous DSM studies. In addition, further levels of product architecture dependency were also identified. A particular affordance of automatically generating DSMs is the ability to continually generate DSMs throughout the project. This paper demonstrates the opportunity for project managers to monitor emerging product dependencies alongside changes in modes of working between the engineers. The application of this technique could be used to support existing product life cycle change management solutions, cross-company product development, and small to medium enterprises who do not have a product life cycle management solution.