bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Проблема объекта в государственном региональном управлении
Authors: Коломыц Лев
Published: January 2021

В работе рассматриваются проблемы государственного управления социально-экономическими системами типа «регион», связанные с целым рядом трудно решаемых задач: оценкой состояния управляемой системы, оценкой эффективности управляющих воздействий, определением границ управляемого объекта и пр. Высказывается гипотеза о том, что причиной появления таких проблем является неадекватность существующих управленческих подходов сложной природе объекта «регион», представляющего собой естественно-искусственную систему. The paper considers the issues of the public administration of the "region" type socio-economic systems, related to a wide range of hard to solve issues, such as assessing the state of the controlled system, assessing the efficiency of the controlling actions, identifying the boundaries of the controlled object and others. The hypothesis is proposed that the reason for such issues occurring is the inadequacy of the existing administrative approaches to the complicated nature of the “region” object, which is a natural - artificial system. According to the results of the investigation, it was found that the failures in the process of managing the regional socio-economic systems functioning and developing could be explained not only by the money scarcity allocated for these purposes, but also by the lack of the adequate knowledge concerning the controlled object in the management system. To solve this issue it is essential to set the task of creating a reliable and operational idea of the controlled object for the controlling subsystem.
Определение атрибутов потребительской ценности медицинских услуг
Authors: Сологуб Елена
Published: January 2021

В работе предложен методический подход к определению атрибутов потребительской ценности медицинской услуги. Представлены результаты, полученные в рамках четырёх этапов исследования: контент-анализа тематических источников по сочетающимся словам, группировки и соотнесении атрибутов, а также глубинного интервью с экспертами из медицинской сферы. This investigation introduces a methodological approach which allows to define the attributes for medical services consumer value. The study concentrates on the primary need to determine the medical services consumer value. The proposed methodological approach to determine the attributes for medical services consumer value contains four stages, namely: 1) content analysis; 2) attributes grouping; 3) attributes systematization 4) detailed interview with experts. The content analysis of topical texts was conducted using the harmonious words found in contemporary Russian and foreign studies. More than 4000 various mentioned attributes for the medical service consumer value were analyzed. All attributes were then grouped by the type of consumers’ benefits and costs. The medical service consumer value attributes were arranged in accordance with the elements of 7P marketing mix. The frequency of the mentioned attributes for medical service consumer value was calculated based on the results of the content analysis and detailed interview with the experts from the medical sector. The results of the investigation are important for assessing the medical service consumer value.
Методический подход к повышению конкурентоспособности персонала на основе персонифицированного управления
Authors: Николаев Николай
Published: January 2021

В статье представлено обоснование актуальности исследования проблемы развития теории и методологии повышения конкурентоспособности персонала на основе персонифицированного подхода к управлению. Обоснована необходимость раскрытия содержания понятия «конкуренто-способность персонала», включающее индивидуальную и организационную составляющие, целесообразность перехода от общего к персональному управлению персоналом для наиболее полноценного раскрытия трудового и личностного потенциала каждого работника, повышения конкурентоспособности персонала. На основе проведенных эмпирических исследований установлена прямая зависимость показателей результативности и эффективности труда от показателей конкурентоспособности персонала. Представлены результаты практической апробации методического подхода к повышению конкурентоспособности на основе персонифицированного подхода к управлению персоналом на предприятиях Свердловской и Челябинской областей. The paper presents the author's methodological approach to assessing and improving the personnel competitiveness based on personalized management. Based on the review of modern domestic and foreign literature, the author substantiates the scientific and practical relevance of improving the personnel competitiveness based on the personalized management under the conditions of growing competition. Following on from the approaches described in the current scientific literature, the author defines the concept "personnel competitiveness", including individual and organizational components: professional and personal qualities of employees, as well as the organizational and economic relations between the employer and the employee in the process of improving the efficiency of the company and of the employee’s competitiveness. The author's methodical approach to assessing and improving the personnel competitiveness based on bilateral assessment and improvement of the personnel competitiveness by individual and organizational components was developed. The methodical approach includes the author's principles, methods, algorithms for assessing and improving the personnel competitiveness using personalized management. The author's matrix for assessing the personnel competitiveness by organizational and individual components was proposed. As a result of the study of the personnel performance indicators at the small and large business enterprises of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions the direct empirical dependences of the labor efficiency and productivity on the level of the personnel competitiveness were established. The results of testing the author's methodical approach at the enterprises of Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions using the general approach to management and the transition to personalized management to improve the personnel competitiveness during 2016-2020 were presented.
Исследование закономерностей развития корпоративной социальной ответственности в России на основе специализированного рейтинга
Authors: Бадыкова Иделя
Published: January 2021

Целью данного исследования выступает изучение тенден- ций, связанных с уровнем социальной ответственности российских компаний. Для решения поставленных задач использована авторская методика составления рейтинга раскрытия информации о корпоративной социальной от- ветственности. Полученные результаты свидетельству- ют о том, что в целом компании из выборочной совокупно- сти раскрывают около 75% рассматриваемых критериев. При этом лидеры рейтинга представлены большей частью секторами добычи и переработки нефти и газа, химиче- ской промышленности и электроэнергетики, что может свидетельствовать об их стремлении отчасти компенси- ровать наносимый обществу и экологии вред. As part of the research a specialized rating of the corporate social responsibility was compiled based on the author’s methodology. Data was collected for the sample of 106 Russian public companies in the non-financial sector. On average, the disclosure rate of all indicators is as high as 75%. The most responsible companies, disclosing information on 25 to 27 out of 27criteria, were identified to form the list of 29 companies. Most of them appear to belong to oil and gas sector, chemical and energy industries. One of the possible explanations for that trend is that these areas tend to attract negative attention of the society. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the companies from the mentioned sectors act reasonably to compensate for their negative impact on the environment and society. It should also be noted that the companies represented by these sectors are usually large and have sufficient resources. According to the inadequate resources theory, companies participate in socially responsible projects when they have the resources to do so. However, this theory is relevant for the emerging markets, while stakeholder and signaling theories are more equitable for leading economies. The companies included into the sample show the highest level of the environmental impact disclosure, which may be explained by the fact that most of the companies are industrial with significant negative impact on the environment. In general, this study is a subject to a number of disadvantages. Firstly, the sample was quite small. Accordingly, the conclusions presented may be somewhat skewed and limited. Secondly, econometric models should be used. to present more reasonable results. That is planned to be the next stage of the research. Nevertheless, in our opinion, in general, the results obtained reflect the main trends in the development of the corporate social responsibility in Russia.
Модели экономического влияния рекламы: первичные эффекты
Authors: Вартанов Сергей
Published: January 2021

Настоящая работа представляет собой вторую часть цикла из пяти статей, посвященных обзору существующих моделей, методов и взглядов на эффекты воздействия экономического института рекламы на рынок на всех возможных уровнях. В ней рассмотрен самый нижний уровень влияния рекламы, связанный с изменением под ее воздействием поведения конечных потребителей. Эффекты, оказываемые рекламой на них, являются первичными эффектами, так как именно с них «начинается» цепочка рекламного влияния на рынок. В работе рассмотрены убеждающая и информативная функции рекламы, сопоставлены визуальные и текстовые ее варианты, обсуждаются основные положения когнитивного и поведенческого подходов к анализу воздействия рекламы на формирование потребительского спроса. Кроме того, описаны кратко- и долгосрочные первичные эффекты и особенности их учета и моделирования с помощью функций спроса и основанная на этом методология перехода к анализу поведения фирм, стремящихся использовать рекламное воздействие для достижения своих стратегических целей. The present work continues a cycle of review articles dedicated to a comprehensive description and analysis of effects caused by advertising as an economic institution on the whole economy on different levels. Whereas the introductive part of the cycle gives a general classification of such effects, the current work considers the lowest level of advertising impact associated with changes in the end consumers behavior. This class of effects may be regarded as the primary since they start the chain of advertising impact on the whole market. The paper considers the persuasive and informative functions of advertising, compares its visual and textual variants, discusses the main provisions of the cognitive and behavioral approaches to the analysis of the impact of advertising on the consumer demand formation as well as main models of advertising communication. In addition, short and long-term primary effects and the specifics of their accounting and modeling using demand functions and the methodology based on this for the transition to the analysis of the behavior of firms seeking to use advertising influence to achieve their strategic goals are described.
Уровни хлорорганических пестицидов (ХОП) в морских экосистемах дальневосточных морей России (2000-2016): обзор литературы
Authors: Цыганков В. Ю.
Published: January 2021

Показано распределение ХОП в компонентах экосистем дальневосточных морей России – Японском, Охотском и Беринговом – в период 2000–2016 гг. В Охотском и Беринговом морях содержание ХОП в морских организмах ниже, чем в других регионах мирового океана, и в частности, в Японском море. Концентрации ХОП в Охотском и Беринговом морях можно считать фоновыми, в то время как Японское море испытывает воздействие стран, использующих эти вещества в сельском хозяйстве. Ключевые слова: хлорорганические пестициды, ГХЦГ, ДДТ, морские экосистемы, Охотское море, Берингово море, Японское море
Inmóviles, pero no quietos. La sedentarización de los saharauis como estrategia de adaptación y respuesta a la supervivencia. Sobre la posibilidad de un nomadismo inmóvil
Authors: Carboni Julien Lafontaine , Gimeno Martín Juan Carlos
Published: January 2021

La dicotomía nómada/sedentario es cuestionada aquí como una construcción occidental. Su deconstrucción es necesaria cuando las poblaciones nómadas se convierten en refugiadas por razones climáticas, políticas o económicas. Es el caso del exilio saharaui en Argelia tras la invasión de Marruecos de su territorio en 1975, y la ocupación del Sahara occidental hasta hoy. Los campamentos de refugiados saharauis cerca de Tinduf, Argelia, son considerados aquí en relación con la forma de vida nómada pastoril anterior al conflicto. Analizando la vida cotidiana en los movimientos más excepcionales de los saharauis durante el siglo XX y sus formas de asentamiento, queremos contribuir a este debate, en relación con los campamentos de Tinduf, formulando una hipótesis sobre la existencia de un nomadismo inmóvil saharaui. Defendemos la necesidad de considerar una diversidad de escalas de tiempo en el análisis del nomadismo, desde la consideración del momento, hasta la larga duración de los movimientos de la población, entendiendo el proceso de sedentarización de los campamentos saharauis como una estrategia temporal de supervivencia.
Dinamizando el concepto de nomadismo. Notas teóricas y etnográficas sobre un modelo territorial no reconocido
Authors: Katzer Leticia
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un conjunto de reflexiones sobre el nomadismo en tanto epistemología y en tanto forma de identidad cultural, a partir de un recorrido doble. Por un lado, un recorrido teórico, que abarca lecturas que buscan desencializar y desnaturalizar supuestos muy arraigados, universalizados y naturalizados sobre el alcance del devenir nómade. Por otro, un recorrido más empírico, apuntándonos a registros históricos, arqueológicos y etnográficos locales para caracterizar lo que afirmamos como registros de modos de vida nómade en el NE de Mendoza (Argentina) y para mostrar las respuestas nativas frente a las políticas estatales de sedentarización delineadas en distintas coyunturas históricas en dicha región.
Perspectivas institucionales sobre la democracia en América Latina en los tiempos actuales
Authors: Quintero Leguizamón Juan Felipe , Baleta López Estefan , Rodríguez Beltrán Ramiro
Published: January 2021

Las democracias en América Latina son objeto de disputa en el marco de la interpretación, análisis y propuestas por parte de diversos actores: intelectuales, partidos políticos, movimientos sociales, iglesias, ONG, agencias multilaterales y en algunos casos actores armados ilegales. En este campo de disputa hemos centrado nuestra atención en los informes diseñados por instituciones como la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) a través del Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (Pnud), la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA), la Agencia Americana para el Desarrollo Internacional (Usaid, por sus siglas en inglés) y el Banco Interamericano para el Desarrollo (BID), que además de responder a los intereses del establecimiento suelen estar acompañados por una serie de recomendaciones que son casi de obligatorio cumplimiento para los Estados miembros so pena de perder el apoyo internacional. A partir de un análisis crítico de estos informes, sustentado en el análisis del discurso, este artículo aborda, principalmente, la articulación de las democracias en América Latina con respecto a la justicia social, la ciudadanía y la relación Estado y soberanía.
PERFIL ECONÔMICO DA REGIÃO HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO: UMA ANÁLISE INSUMO PRODUTO
Authors: Santos Regina Ávila , Gonçalves Rodrigo Rocha , Oliveira Cassius Rocha de
Published: January 2021

O Rio São Francisco é um dos principais corpos hídricos do Brasil, percorre grande parte da região nordeste do país, uma das mais afetadas por problemas de seca. Dada sua enorme importância econômica e social, o objetivo deste artigo foi estimar uma Matriz Insumo Produto (I-O) para a Região da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco (BHSF). A bacia é subdividida em alto, médio, submédio e baixo São Francisco, com 505 municípios em 6 estados mais o Distrito Federal. Estimou-se a participação da BHSF no PIB nacional em 10,26%. Em linhas gerais, os resultados indicam uma região especializada em atividades relacionadas a mineração e transformação de ferro e metais, refino de petróleo, geração de energia e comércio. Por fim, cabe ressaltar a necessidade da implantação de políticas socioeconômicas que minimizem danos ambientais ao Rio São Francisco, tais como o controle rigoroso de fiscalização sobre a mineração para evitar desastres.
Drivers of export upgrading: Evidence from panel data for upper-middle and high income groups, low and lower-middle income groups
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management of Sfax, Sfax University, Tunisia, Chrid Naima
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study is to contribute with empirical evidence to the understanding of the determinants of export upgrading measured through two alternative indicators (export complexity level and degree of export diversification) using a cross-country panel dataset over the 1999-2013 period. For this purpose, a panel cointegration framework and two homogeneous subpanels have been considered based on the income level of the sample countries (upper-middle and high income groups, low and lower-middle income groups). Based on the Dynamic OLS (DOLS) and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) technique, the results indicate that export upgrading of countries is enhanced by GDP per capita, knowledge creation ( this variable is differentiated into internal knowledge(i.e human capital and research & development) and external knowledge (i.e Foreign Direct Investment and imports) and Institutional quality. The effects of these determinants vary between low, lower-middle income, upper-middle and high income country.
ASPEK IMUNOLOGI AIR SUSU IBU DAN COVID-19
Authors: Fadilah Tubagus Ferdi , Setiawati Dewi
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ASI terhadap kekebalian bayi dalammasa pandemic Covid-19. Air susu ibu (ASI) merupakan cairan terbaik bagi seorang bayi untuk melindungi bayi dari berbagai penyakit infeksi. Zat kekebalan dalam ASI diantaranya secretory-IgA (sIgA), Lactobacillus bifidus, laktoperoksidase, lisozim, dan lekosit akan menurunkan risiko infeksi pada saluran pencernaan, saluran pernafasan, telinga, diabetes mellitus, dan penyakit alergi. Bayi dengan ASI eksklusif ternyata akan lebih sehat dan lebih jarang sakit dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mendapatkan ASI. Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) telah memunculkan kekhawatiran tentang apakah ibu yang menderita COVID-19 dapat menularkan SARS-CoV-2 ke bayi atau anak mereka saat menyusui. Organisasi Kesehatan. Ibu harus mendapatkan konsultasi, informasi, dan edukasi bahwa manfaat menyusui secara substansial melebihi potensi risiko penularan. Adanya IgA dalam ASI adalah salah satu cara di mana menyusui melindungi bayi dari infeksi dan kematian. Semua ibu yang pulih dari COVID-19 memiliki antibodi untuk COVID-19 dalam ASI mereka. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ASI dapat memberikan perlindungan kepada bayi terhadap penyakit infeksi, alergi dan penyakit metabolik melalui berbagai komponen zat kekebalan yang dikandungnya. Jika ibu menyusui dengan terduga infeksi, tidak memberikan ASI akan mengurangi mutrisi dan bayi kehilangan manfaat kekebalan dari ASI tersebut. Air susu ibu mengandung kadar antibodi tipe sekretori tinggi (sIgA), menyusui dari ibu yang pulih dari COVID-19 dapat menurunkan kekebalan ini kepada bay
The Tendrils of the Bat Emblem
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna( España), Rodríguez Valls Andrea
Published: January 2021

The written documents referring to the Bat emblem do not provide enough details to properly identify its features. In the study of this sacred element, it is convenient to undertake an iconographic analysis of its depictions in order to determine its spheres of influence. This paper focuses on the two spiral-shaped elements that are present in the upper part of this emblem, which displays a possible connection with plants, particularly those of the Cucurbitaceae family.
Workers in Perpetuity? Notes about the mrt Workers of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom Based on the Stela CG 20516
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), Rosell Pablo M.
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to study a social group of Egyptian people called mrt workers, based on their representation in epigraphic, funerary and literary sources dating to the Middle Kingdom. The stela CG 20516 is especially important for our research since it shows one of the few iconographic representations of these mrt workers. This stela is essential since it shows the mrt workers performing their tasks and serving their deceased owner in an exceptional way. Such representation suggests a personal link in perpetuity between these workers and their masters. Therefore, the mrt workers’ social and legal status is reconsidered by studying whether they were forced to work periodically or were dependent workers in perpetuity.
Polish Adaptation of Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire For Older Persons (MSQFOP)
Authors: Brudek Paweł Jan
Published: January 2021

The article outlines the results of academic endeavors to develop a Polish adaptation of Stephen Haynes’ and colleagues Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire For Older Persons (MSQFOP). The results obtained using the Polish version are comparable to those obtained using the original research instrument, which proves that the Polish MSQFOP scale adaptation can be successfully used for research purposes. The scale consists of 24 items covering four dimensions: Communication and expression of feelings, Sex life, Health and Affiliation. The scale testing procedure involved a research sample consisting of 832 people. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .94 for the entire scale and oscillated between .68 and .94 for the subscales.
CLINICAL LIVER MORPHOLOGY: THE NUCLEAR APPARATUS OF HEPATOCYTES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Andreev V. P. , Tsyrkunov V. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kravchuk R. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. Changes in the architecture of the hepatocyte nucleus resulting from liver tissue exposure to pathogens have diagnostic and prognostic signifcance. In morphological study of liver tissue in chronic HCV infection there is a diffcult with the viability assessment of hepatocytes and their organelles in the presence of various mechanisms of nonprogrammed and controlled cell death. Objective. To present the data available in literature and the results of our own studies of structural architecture of hepatocyte nuclei and their components in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Material and methods. The intravital liver bioptates of 18 patients with CHC (who had given a written informed consent) were studied. Some visualization methods were used: light and electron microscopy, including examination of semi-thin sections, various methods of fxation and staining. Results. The results of the authors’ morphological studies are presented, demonstrating some changes in structural and functional characteristics of the nuclear apparatus of hepatocytes and nuclear components with a detailed description and interpretation of the changes (polyploidy, nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, chromosomes, perichromatin fbrils, interchromatin and perichromatin granules, nucleolus, nucleolar stress and replication others). Conclusion. In chronic HCV infection, changes occur in all components of the nuclear apparatus characterizing structural and functional features of hepatocytes. The assessment of architectural organization of the nuclear apparatus in hepatocytes provides pathomorphologists and clinicians (hepatologists) with valuable additional data indicating the applied signifcance of the changes in the parameters of the nuclear apparatus of hepatocytes in CHC, that in its turn, will contribute to more accurate monitoring of the infectious process and accelerated diagnosis of its transformation into malignant growth.
THE ROLE OF THE GUT-LIVER AXIS IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS PATHOGENESIS AND COMPLICATIONS
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, the Republic of Belarus, Savarina V. A. , Mitsura V. M. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, the Republic of Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. Liver cirrhosis is a severe disease that can provoke hepatocellular carcinoma. It is known that such patients have increased intestinal permeability causing the translocation of living bacteria and bacterial products through the inferior vena cava system into the liver, that leads to a cascade of immune and molecular events. Objective – to establish the role of the gut-liver axis in the pathogenesis and outcomes of liver cirrhosis. Material and methods. We performed a PubMed search of publications over the last 10 years, using the keywords ‘intestinal permeability’, ‘cirrhosis’. Results. Increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation are of great importance in the development of liver cirrhosis. In turn, the progression of the disease further enhances the transfer of bacteria from the intestine into the inferior vena cava system. The severity of this process is proportional to the stage of cirrhosis and correlates with the prognosis of the disease. Conclusion. Increased intestinal permeability, altered gut microbiota and bacterial translocation contribute to liver damage and fbrosis up to the development of liver cirrhosis and its complications. Further research is required to determine if modulation of the gut microbiota can affect the course of liver disease.
THE INTRODUCTION OF THE PHOTOSENSITIZER “FOTOLON” INTO THE COMMON BILE DUCT: INFLUENCE ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Shyla R. S.
Published: January 2021

Background. Photodynamic therapy of liver diseases involves the introduction of photosensitizers into the common bile duct. Objective – to evaluate the effect on animals of under pressure introduction of the photosensitizer “Photolon” into the common bile duct. Material and methods. The control group was injected with physiological solution under pressure, the experimental one – with “Photolon”. The vital signs of the animals, the laboratory data were studied, a histological examination of the liver and duct was carried out. Results. The blood parameters of the experimental animals and their postoperative condition were not statistically different from those of the control group (p≤0.05). The liver and common bile duct had normal histological structure. Conclusions. The under pressure introduction of the photosensitizer “Photolon” into the common bile duct causes no morphological changes in the liver tissues and common bile duct and has no toxic effect on animals.
THE CONTENT OF RETINOL AND α-TOCOPHEROL IN EXPERIMENTAL LIVER FIBROSIS IN RATS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kondratovich I. A. , Novogrodskaya Ya. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Andreev V. P. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kravchuk R. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Ostrovskaya A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Gulyai I. E. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Shalesnaya S. Ya. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kurbat M. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Tsyrkunov V. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. The content of retinol and α-tocopherol in the human body affects the development and progression of chronic liver diseases and is associated with the functioning of perisinusoidal lipocytes (HSC) and the state of biological membranes. Objective – to evaluate the content of retinol and α-tocopherol in blood plasma and liver tissue in the dynamics of experimental liver fbrosis in rats. Material and methods. Modeling of liver fbrosis / cirrhosis was carried out on sexually mature male rats by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide (TAA) solution at a dose of 200 mg / kg every other day for 4 and 12 weeks. The control group of animals received an equal volume of saline. The concentration of α-tocopherol and retinol was determined by S.L. Taylor’s method. Results. In rat liver preparations, 4 weeks after administration of TAA solution to animals, signs of FII-III stage of fbrosis were observed. According to electron microscopy, HSCs were in a transitional state and acquired a more elongated shape; the number of lipid inclusions in their cytoplasm decreased. The administration of TAA for 12 weeks led to the formation of liver cirrhosis in rats, with characteristic macro- and microscopic changes. On light microscopy, the number of HSCs decreased in rat liver preparations 3 months after administration of TAA; activated HSCs were encountered, which acquired an elongated shape and lost lipid inclusions. The content of retinol in the 2nd group of animals (with liver fbrosis stage II-III) was 2.2 times higher than in the control group, and 1.8 times higher than in the 3rd group with liver cirrhosis (p < 0.05). The content of retinol in the liver tissue after 4 weeks of TAA administration decreased by 11.7%, after 12 weeks - by 1.5 times. The level of α-tocopherol in the liver at the stage of fbrosis FII-III decreased by 21% compared with the control group, at the stage of cirrhosis - by 2 times. Conclusion. The use of thioacetamide in rats for 1 and 3 months leads to the development of liver fbrosis and cirrhosis. A decrease in the content of retinol and α-tocopherol in the liver occurs with the progression of liver fbrosis /cirrhosis. The high content of retinol and α-tocopherol in plasma at the stage of liver fbrosis FII-III is due to degranulation (activation) of HSC.
THE COMBINATION OF LADD’S SYNDROME WITH CONGENITAL HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Navasad V. V. , Kavalchuk V. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Navasad E. A. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Perinatal Center, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. The combination of the two congenital pathological conditions – compression of the duodenum by embryonic cords of the peritoneum and congenital inversion of the small intestine and right half of the colon due to incomplete bowel rotation – was described in detail by W. E. Ladd in 1932, thus the pathology is known as “Ladd’s syndrome” (LS). Congenital pyloric stenosis belongs to a group of severe birth defects. The disease is based on a congenital violation of the morphological structures of the pyloric sphincter of the stomach due to hypertrophy of the circular muscle layer and interstitial tissue leading to pyloric stenosis and impaired patency in this part of the gastrointestinal tract. Objective. Demonstration of diagnostics and treatment peculiarities of a rare case of a combined pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in a newborn. Material and methods. The data from clinical observation of the patient M., 3 days old, who was treated in the neonatal Department of the Grodno regional children’s clinical hospital (GODKB) since December 2018 till March 2019. Results. The child was found to have a combination of Ladd’s syndrome with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Successful correction of the birth defects was performed. Conclusion. We have presented a case report that hasn’t been yet described in literature. Despite the diffculties in diagnostics, the patient was discharged with recovery. The follow-up examination in 2020 revealed no abnormalities in the child’s development.
The Evolutionary Trajectories of Peer-Produced Artifacts: Group Composition, the Trajectories’ Exploration, and the Quality of Artifacts
Authors: Arazy Ofer , Lindberg Aron , Rezaei Mostafa , Samorani Michele
Published: January 2021

Members of an online community peer-produce digital artifacts by negotiating different perspectives and personal knowledge bases. These negotiations are manifested in the temporal evolution of the peer-produced artifact. In this study, we conceptualize the evolution of a digital artifact as a trajectory in a feature space. Our theoretical frame suggests that, through negotiations, contributors’ actions “pull” the trajectory and shape its movement in the feature space. We hypothesize that the type of contributors that work on a focal article influences the extent to which that article’s trajectory explores alternative positions within that space, and that the trajectory’s exploration is, in turn, associated with the artifact’s quality. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed the trajectories of wiki articles drawn from two peer-production communities, Wikipedia and Wikia, tracking the evolution of 242 paired articles for over a decade during which the articles went through 536,745 revisions. We found that the contributors who are the most likely to increase the trajectory’s exploration are those that (1) return to work on the focal artifact and (2) are unregistered members in the broader online community. Further, our results show that the trajectory’s exploration has a curvilinear association with article quality, indicating that exploration contributes positively to quality, but that the effect is reversed when exploration exceeds a certain level. The insights derived from this study highlight the value of an artifact-centric approach to increasing our understanding of the dynamics underlying peer-production.
Rational Solid-State Synthesis Routes for Inorganic Materials
Authors: Aykol Muratahan , Montoya Joseph H. , Hummelshøj Jens Strabo
Published: January 2021

Rational solid-state synthesis of inorganic compounds is formulated as catalytic nucleation on crystalline reactants, where contributions of reaction and interfacial energies to the nucleation barriers are approximated from high-throughput thermochemical data, and structural and interfacial features of crystals, respectively. Favorable synthesis reactions are then identified by a Pareto analysis of relative nucleation barriers and phase-selectivities of reactions leading to the target. We demonstrate the application of this approach in reaction planning for solid-state synthesis of a range of compounds, including the widely-studied oxides LiCoO2, BaTiO3 and YBa2Cu3O7, as well as other metal oxide, oxyfluoride, phosphate and nitride targets. Pathways for enabling retrosynthesis of inorganics are also discussed.
Cobalt Catalysis Enables Regioselective Ring-opening of Epoxides with Aryl Halides
Authors: Potrząsaj Aleksandra , Musiejuk Mateusz , Chaładaj Wojciech , Giedyk Maciej , Gryko Dorota
Published: January 2021

Ring-opening of epoxides furnishing either linear or branched products belongs to the group of classic transformations in organic synthesis. However, the regioselective cross-electrophile coupling of aryl epoxides with aryl halides still represents a key challenge. Herein, we report vitamin B12/Ni dual-catalytic system that allows for the selective synthesis of linear products under blue-light irradiation.
Application of the “EigenValue Analysis (EVANS)” Methodology to Build Quantitative Structure Pharmacokinetic Relationship Models
Authors: Gomatam Anish , Joseph Blessy , Shaikh Mushtaque S. , Advani Poonam , Coutinho Evans C.
Published: January 2021

We present EigenValue ANalySis (EVANS), a QSPR methodology that considers 3D molecular information of enantiomeric ensembles of chiral molecules without the need to perform an alignment step. EVANS follows an intricate molecular modelling protocol that generates orthogonal eigenvalues from hybrid matrices of physicochemical properties and 3D structure; these eigenvalues are used as independent variables in QSPR analyses. The EVANS formalism has been presented and deployed to build quantitative structure pharmacokinetic relationship (QSPKR) models on a benchmark dataset for three critical PK parameters: steady-state volume of distribution (VDss), clearance (CL), and half-life (t1/2). Predictive QSPKR models were built by using the eigenvalues generated via the EVANS methodology in conjunction with multiple linear regression (MLR), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms, and it was observed that the EVANS QSPKR models sync with published work in the literature. Thus, we present the EVANS methodology as a first-line prediction tool to prioritise compounds in drug discovery and development.
Co-crystals of Praziquantel: Discovery by Network-Based Link Prediction
Authors: Devogelaer Jan-Joris , Charpentier Maxime D. , Tijink Arnoud , Dupray Valérie , Coquerel Gérard , Johnston Karen , Meekes Hugo , Tinnemans Paul , Vlieg Elias , ter Horst Joop H. , de Gelder Rene
Published: January 2021

In this study, co-crystals for Praziquantel (PZQ), an anthelmintic drug used to treat schistosomiasis, are predicted with network-based link prediction. Single crystals of twelve co-crystal indications were grown and subjected to a structural analysis with single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Understanding the Role of R266K Mutation in Cystathionine β-Synthase (CBS) Enzyme: An in Silico Study
Authors: Bhatt Aashish , Ali Md. Ehesan
Published: January 2021

Human cystathionine β-synthase (hCBS) is a unique pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme that catalyses the condensation reactions in the transsulfuration pathways. The specific role of Heme in the enzymatic activities has not yet been established, however, several experimental studies indicated the bi-directional communications between the Heme and PLP. Performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations upon developing the necessary force field parameters for the cysteine and histidine bound hexa-coordinated Heme, we have investigated In Silico dynamical aspects of the bi-directional communications. Furthermore, we have investigated the comparative aspects of electron density overlap across the communicating pathways adopting the density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with the hybrid exchange correlation functional for the CSBWT (wild-type) and CBSR266K (mutated) case. The atomistic dynamical simulations and subsequent explorations of the electronic structure not only confirm the reported observations but provide an in-depth mechanistic understating of how the non-covalent hydrogen bonding interactions with Cys52 control the such long-distance communication. Our study also provides a convincing answer to the reduced enzymatic activities in the R266K hCBS in comparison to the wild-type enzymes. We further realized that the difference in hydrogen-bonding patterns as well as salt-bridge interactions play the pivotal role in such long distant bi-directional communications.
CHILD AGGRESSION IN THE FOCUS OF HYPNOID ANALYSIS
Authors: Завражин Сергей Александрович
Published: January 2021

Сквозь призму гипноидного анализа проблематизируются первоисточники, эссенциальные особенности и последствия детской агрессии на индивидуальном и социэтальном уровнях. Выявляется значение этого метода для психологии развития и девиантологии.

Through the prism of hypnoid analysis, the primary sources, essential features and consequences of child aggression at the individual and societal levels are problematized. The significance of this method for developmental psychology and deviantology is revealed.
FUNCTIONAL AND DIDACTIC SCHEME DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Сильченко Ален Павлович , Лельчицкий Игорь Давыдович , Щербакова Светлана Юрьевна , Баранова Наталья Александровна
Published: January 2021

Обоснованы структурные элементы цифровой образовательной среды, охарактеризовано их предназначение посредством демонстрации моделей взаимодействия цифрового инструментария и цифровой образовательной среды на относительно автономных и вместе с тем органично взаимосвязанных содержательно и в своей логической последовательности этапах деятельности учителя: проектирования, реализации, анализа, исследования. Архитектура цифровой образовательной среды представлена как цифровая педагогическая экосистема взаимосвязанных дидактических моделей, функционирующих на авторской цифровой педагогической платформе Allis.school, составляющей ядро цифровой образовательной среды .

The article Substantiates the structural elements of the digital educational environment and describes their purpose by demonstrating models of interaction between digital tools and the digital educational environment at relatively autonomous and at the same time organically interconnected in content and in their logical sequence stages of the teacher's activity: design, implementation, analysis, research. The architecture of the digital educational environment is presented as a digital pedagogical ecosystem of interconnected didactic models operating on the author's digital pedagogical platform.
PRINCIPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE LEXICAL MATERIALWHEN USING INTERNET TERMS IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Григорьева Елена Яковлевна , Холдеева Наталья Андреевна
Published: January 2021

Обосновано использование терминов интернета, связанных с ситуациями реальной коммуникации в процессе обучения иностранному языку в средней школе. Определены принципы организации лексического материала с использованием интернет-терминов при формировании лексической компетенции обучающихся иностранному (английскому) языку. Рассматривается возможность использования словарей тезаурусного типа, составленных на основе интернет-терминологии, для формирования лексических навыков учащихся. Предложены принципы отбора словообразовательного минимума и словообразовательных моделей, предлагается комплекс упражнений по обучению приемам узнавания и понимания сложных и производных слов в области интернета. Задачей обучения английскому языку с использованием отобранного лексического материала является усвоение учащимися связи семантических отношений лексических единиц в общеразговорном языке и их значений в специфической предметной области интернет-технологий. В статье приведены примеры лексических единиц - терминов интернет-лексики, которые обучающиеся используют в реальной коммуникации в разных контекстах.

The article substantiates the use of Internet terms associated with situations of real communication in the process of teaching a foreign language in secondary school. The principles of organizing lexical material using Internet terms in the formation of the lexical competence of students in a foreign (English) language have been determined. The possibility of using dictionaries of the thesaurus type compiled on the basis of Internet terminology for the formation of lexical skills of students is considered. The article proposes the principles of selection of the word-formation minimum and word-formation models, a set of exercises for teaching the techniques of recognition and understanding of complex and derivative words in the field of the Internet. The task of teaching English using the selected lexical material is the assimilation by students of the connection between the semantic relations of lexical units in the general spoken language and their meanings in a specific subject area of Internet technologies. The article provides examples of lexical units - Internet vocabulary terms that students use in real communication in different contexts
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION, COMPETENCE AND COMPENSATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE FIELD OF MARKETING OF PT. BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK PANGKAJENE KEPULAUAN BRANCH OFFICES
Authors: Nusa Budi Setia , Muis Mahlia , Amar Muhammad Yunus
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of motivation, competence, and compensation on employee performance in marketing at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Pangkajene Kepulauan branch offices. Data were obtained from all employees of marketing in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Pangkajene Kepulauan branch offices of 85 people. To fulfill the minimum requirements from the calculation of the Slovin formula, this study used 71 respondents. The data analysis used was descriptive statistical analysis with multiple linear regression analysis models. The results of the research reveal that motivation, competence, and compensation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Pangkajene Kepulauan branch office.
Reduced RNA turnover as a driver of cellular senescence
Authors: Mullani Nowsheen , Porozhan Yevheniia , Mangelinck Adèle , Rachez Christophe , Costallat Mickael , Batsché Eric , Goodhardt Michele , Cenci Giovanni , Mann Carl , Muchardt Christian
Published: January 2021

Accumulation of senescent cells is an important contributor to chronic inflammation upon aging. The inflammatory phenotype of senescent cells was previously shown to be driven by cytoplasmic DNA. Here, we propose that cytoplasmic double-stranded RNA has a similar effect. We find that several cell types driven into senescence by different routes share an accumulation of long promoter RNAs and 3′ gene extensions rich in retrotransposon sequences. Accordingly, these cells display increased expression of genes involved in response to double stranded RNA of viral origin downstream of the interferon pathway. The RNA accumulation is associated with evidence of reduced RNA turnover, including in some cases, reduced expression of RNA exosome subunits. Reciprocally, depletion of RNA exosome subunit EXOSC3 accelerated expression of multiple senescence markers. A senescence-like RNA accumulation was also observed in cells exposed to oxidative stress, an important trigger of cellular senescence. Altogether, we propose that in a subset of senescent cells, repeat-containing transcripts stabilized by oxidative stress or reduced RNA exosome activity participate in driving and maintaining the permanent inflammatory state characterizing cellular senescence.
Allotment Gardens (AG) in the days of the covid-19 pandemic. The case of “Żeromskiego” AG in Łask-Kolumna and “Wolinka” AG in Zduńska Wola (Poland)
Authors: Szkup Roman
Published: January 2021

Family Allotment Gardens (AG) are a place of rest and recreation for residents of mainly large cities. The COVID-19 pandemic, which started in China in January 2020, launched a major crisis affecting various types of human activity, including tourism and hospitality, and limited travel opportunities. For many people, especially the poorer and professionally inactive ones (including retirees and pensioners), activities on plots of Family Allotment Gardens have become the only form of active recreation. On November 5, 2020, on the official website of the international organization Office International du Coin de Terre et des Jardins Familiaux, operating since 1926, representing national organizations and associations of gardeners from 14 European countries, the following information was published: “The pandemic has confirmed it: allotment gardens are more important than ever”. This article is an attempt to verify this thesis by answering the question: If and to what extent did the COVID-19 pandemic influence the behavior and recreation of allotment garden users? This was verified by a questionnaire survey conducted among users of two gardens located in the western part of the suburban area of Łódź. The analysis showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the behavior and rest of allotment garden users; however, the impact in the case of the studied gardens was not as large as could be expected.