bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refining Code-Line-Level Bugginess Identification: Getting the Best of Both Worlds by Fusing Syntactic and Semantic Features
Authors: Zhou Yufei , Tang Haihua , Zhu Longtao , Ding Hao , Qian Junyan
Published: December 2024

Background
:
Code-line-level bugginess identification (CLBI)
is an important area within software quality assurance, aiming to pinpoint potential buggy source code lines in a given software product. Recently, two concurrent approaches, GLANCE and DeepLineDP, have showcased impressive performance by respectively leveraging syntactic and semantic features compared with the existing
state-of-the-art (SOTA)
approaches in this field.
Problem
: Yet, the literature lacks a thorough investigation that fuses these two types of features to enhance CLBI. Such fusion holds the promise of significantly improving the efficacy of identifying defective lines.
Objective
: We aim to advance CLBI by fusing syntactic and semantic features, thereby harnessing their respective strengths.
Method
: We propose to build a CLBI approach,
booSting DeePLineDP wIth syntaCtic fEatures (SPLICE)
, by fusing syntactic features from GLANCE and semantic features from DeepLineDP. SPLICE comprises three variants—SPLICE-S, SPLICE-G, and SPLICE-F—each utilizing a unique line-level sorting approach. We make a comprehensive comparison with the existing SOTA approaches using six performance metrics.
Result
: Through an analysis of nine open source projects, our experimental results reveal that SPLICE is competitive with current SOTA CLBI approaches. Notably, SPLICE-F demonstrates superiority over all SOTA CLBI approaches, including GLANCE and DeepLineDP, across all six metrics, indicating a substantial improvement.
Conclusion
: This discovery underscores the critical importance of future CLBI research in fusing syntactic and semantic features to construct more effective bugginess identification approaches. It is worth noting that the analysis was conducted within the context of Java programs, which highlights the potential for exploring similar methods in other programming languages in future research.
Multisource Data Fusion With Graph Convolutional Neural Networks for Node‐Level Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Huang Lei , Qin Jianxin , Wu Tao
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of transport technology and the increasing complexity of traffic patterns, integrating multiple data sources for traffic flow prediction has become crucial to overcome the defects of a single data source. This paper introduces a multisource data fusion approach with graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs) for node‐level traffic flow prediction. Specifically, it extracts different types of traffic flows from multiple data sources and constructs a unified graph structure by using global traffic nodes to interpolate the traffic flow. In addition, a GCN combined with gated recurrent units (GRUs) is proposed for spatiotemporal modeling of data fusion and traffic flow prediction. The main contributions are: (1) The approach significantly improved prediction accuracy by leveraging multiple data sources compared to a single source. (2) A unified graph structure was created via global traffic nodes to interpolate traffic flow and address data sparsity. (3) The proposed model demonstrates an over 11% improvement in accuracy compared to other baseline models, as measured by the weighted mean absolute percentage error (WMAPE). It also exhibits stability in multitime scale predictions, highlighting the effectiveness of multisource data fusion, data imputation, and node‐level prediction capabilities. The approach provides valuable insights for managing urban traffic data from multiple sources and predicting traffic flow, and it shows stability in multitime scale predictions.
Self‐Decoupled Quad‐Port CPW‐Fed Fractal MIMO Antenna With UWB Characteristics
Authors: Kamal Mian Muhammad , Wang Binghao , Shoaib Nosherwan , Rafique Umair , Abbasi Muhammad Inam , Kamarudin Muhammad Ramlee
Published: December 2024

In this work, a novel fractal multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna is designed for ultrawideband (UWB) applications. The radiating structure of the MIMO configuration employs a circular fractalradiating structure excited through a modified coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed. The fractal shape is designed by employing small circular rings inside the main circular ring patch element, which led to enhanced impedance bandwidth spanning from 3.15 to 20 GHz with acceptable radiation properties. The results show that the designed antenna has a peak gain of 6.13 dBi and radiation efficiency of > 85% in the operating bandwidth. Moreover, the single‐antenna element exhibits stable radiation patterns in the UWB frequency spectrum. For MIMO communication systems, a polarization diversity‐based quad‐port MIMO antenna is designed. From the designed MIMO antenna configuration, an isolation of > 15 dB is achieved among the radiating elements without the use of any isolation enhancement network. Furthermore, MIMO performance parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of < 0.008, mean effective gain (MEG) of < −3 dB, channel capacity loss (CCL) of < 0.25 bps/Hz, and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) of > 20 dB are obtained from the proposed UWB MIMO antenna.
The Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and the Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Shang Miaomiao , Wang Meijuan , Cui Qian , Song Dongmei , Wang Wenqing , Xue Jing , Xu Guomei , Sun Dandan
Published: December 2024

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are linked to an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction, and serum uric acid levels play an important factor in cognitive dysfunction. However, the optimal serum uric acid level in patients with AF remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between serum uric acid and cognitive dysfunction. 583 patients were conducted in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University. Cognitive dysfunction was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of cognitive dysfunction in patients with AF was analyzed using the smoothing spline fitting model and threshold analysis. The average serum uric acid level was (383.26 ± 110.11) μmol/L, and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction was 79.76%. There was a non‐linear relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of cognitive dysfunction in patients with AF, and the inflection point was 352 μmol/L. At the left of the inflection point, the relationship was significant (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04). At the right of the inflection point, there was no statistical difference (p = 0.101). When serum uric acid levels are less than 352 μmol/L, the risk of cognitive dysfunction increases by 2% for each unit increase in serum uric acid levels in patients with AF. The study provides evidence for the treatment of serum uric acid levels in patients with AF.
Comparing the efficacy of a triplet antiemetic regimen in patients with esophageal cancer patients and diabetes mellitus treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy: A retrospective study
Authors: Hatori Masahiro , Fukuoka Shota , Kimura Shunya , Kawakami Kazuyoshi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Yamaguchi Masakazu
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Cisplatin-based highly emetogenic chemotherapy is recommended in combination with neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1RA), 5-hydroxytriptamine-3-receptor antagonist (5HT3RA), dexamethasone (DEX), and olanzapine. However, olanzapine is contraindicated in patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM). This study compared the efficacy of a triplet antiemetic regimen (NK1RA, 5HT3RA, and DEX) in patients with and without pre-existing DM treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with esophageal cancer with and without pre-existing DM who received fluorouracil and cisplatin (FP) combination chemotherapy as initial therapy with a triplet antiemetic regimen for antiemetic prophylaxis. This data was compared using propensity score matching (PSM). The primary endpoint was the complete response (CR) rate during the first cycle, which was defined as no emetic episodes and no rescue medication use during the overall period (0–120 h). The CR rate was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, including previously reported risk factors. The significance level was set at 5%.
Results: Out of 210 eligible patients, 39 and 39 were patients with DM and non-DM patients after PSM, respectively. The CR rate measured by multivariate analysis during the overall period with DM and non-DM was 56.4% and 41.0% (adjusted odds ratio of 0.566 [95% confidence intervals: 0.209–1.536], P = 0.264), respectively. The CR rate during the delayed period (24–120 h) with DM and non-DM patients was 84.6% and 46.2% (P = 0.002), respectively.
Conclusions: A triplet antiemetic regimen in patients with esophageal cancer with pre-existing DM might be more effective in delayed period compared to non-DM patients.
Tradition and Modernity in the History of Pop-Rock and Semba
Authors: Gomes Pedro David
Published: December 2024

The colonial authorities in Angola employed the modern/traditional dichotomy to classify and frame musical styles such as semba and pop-rock. What would later be called semba was labeled as ‘folklore’, while pop-rock was considered ‘modern music’. This categorisation reinforced the binaries of the European centre/modern city versus the slums (musseques)/space of African tradition. Such classification was part of a folklorisation process imposed by the state, aiming at exerting a certain degree of control over the music produced by non-Europeans. Drawing on written, visual, and primarily oral archives, this research demonstrates that the popularisation of semba throughout the city compelled colonial officials to rearticulate these binary divisions in conjunction with the promotion of the imperial “Portuguese” culture.
The Delitiae CC Italorum Poetarum (1608) Edited by Jan Gruter, Its Sources and Models
Authors: Lucioli Francesco
Published: December 2024

Delitiae CC Italorum poetarum huius superiorisque aevi illustrium is the title of a two-volume anthology of Neo-Latin poetry which collects texts by more than two hundred Italian authors. Published in 1608 by the Flemish philologist Jan Gruter, this collection establishes a canon of Neo-Latin poetry written in Italy in the sixteenth century. With his anthology Gruter aimed to complete a project already undertaken by Giovanni Matteo Toscano, who had published in Paris, between 1576 and 1577, a two-volume collection of Carmina illustrium poetarum Italorum. The two anthologies differ in the number of chosen authors and selected texts, but above all in the way they choose them. By comparing the two collections of poems, this contribution aims to highlight the strategies adopted by Gruter to establish his canon of Italian authors of Neo-Latin poetry, and to discuss the different sources he used to build his anthology.
Beyond the Canon
Authors: Zucchi Enrico
Published: December 2024

While studying the role of sixteenth-century poetry anthologies in the emergence of European national literatures, the Italian case stands out with particular relevance for different reasons. First, they created a common poetic language spreading all over the nation the model of Petrarch’s Rerum Vulgarium Fragmenta. Secondly, especially in Venice, lyrical anthologies were amongst the most popular editorial products, and often publishers cobbled together lyrical texts written by different poets, creating bestsellers that influenced significantly the early modern poetical canon. Yet, the sixteenth-century vernacular anthologies did not only play an authoritative role in the development of the Italian poetical canon. They were sometimes also an instrument to dissent from that canon, promoting linguistic and thematic choices that were not mainstream. This article deals with the tradition of the Rime piacevoli, a series of lyrical anthologies published in the second part of the sixteenth century, that challenged, often ironically, the contemporary canonical poetry anthologies. The aim of the article is to explore a neglected use of the vernacular poetry anthology both from a literary and a commercial perspective, surveying the way they interact with the “canonical” anthologies, and studying their wide circulation and editorial success.
Creating a Nation through an Anthology of Neo-Latin Poetry
Authors: Storchová Lucie
Published: December 2024

Farragines poematum, an extensive, four-volume anthology of Neo-Latin poems, was published in 1561–1562 by a group of former Wittenberg students based in Prague. This study focuses on how this collective literary project originated, how the anthology was prepared and what reasons poets might have had for publishing a representative selection of their own works of poetry and their friends’. It demonstrates how the final form of the anthology was influenced by the strategies of gaining patronage. Following the concepts of Caspar Hirschi, this study discusses which role anthology, as a specific literary type, could have played in the early stages of the Humanist ‘competition for national honour’, how it presents the community of poets in the Bohemian lands and the spread of education from Italy to the Transalpine regions to prove the quality of local scholars.
Altitude differences impact gene expression and accumulation of main medicinal ingredients of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dintanensis in rocky desertification control areas
Authors: Wang Jiyue , Liu Zhenghong , Yu Yanghua , Liao Shanggao , Peng Zele , Yang Xiaosheng
Published: December 2024

Environmental factors such as altitude may significantly influence both the morphological trait and accumulation of metabolite products in plant. In present study, gene expression profiles of Z. planispinum var. Dintanensisin grown at different altitude (A1:1054 m.a.s.l., A2:821 m.a.s.l., A3:645 m.a.s.l.) were generated by using RNA-Seq. Four main medicinal ingredients of peels were determined, including the total acylamide, total flavonoids, total alkaloids and volatile oil content. The results showed that a total of 10,703 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the three samples (A1, A2, A3), of these, 315 DEGs were putative transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 74 TF families. In particular, some candidate genes related to accumulation of main medicinal ingredients have been screened through combining Kmeans cluster and KEGG enrichment analysis. Besides, the total flavonoid accumulation exhibited a positive correlation with increasing altitude, suggesting that higher altitudes favor metabolite accumulation. Notably, seven genes and one MYB TF involved in the biosynthesis of the main medicinal ingredients were confirmed through RT-qPCR analysis The data obtained in this study offers a global survey of gene expression patterns of Z. planispinum var. Dintanensis grown in rocky desertification control areas, which support for further research on the high-altitude adaptation mechanism and identification of peels with higher medicinal value.
The Glorious Qurʾan and Distortion in Its Interpretation in Malaysia: a Solution in the Views of Muslim Exegetes
Authors: Abdullah Mustaffa , Gokaru Shuaibu Umar , Mohd Nor Mohd Roslan , Amir Selamat bin , Norasid Muhamad Alihanafiah bin
Published: December 2024

Currently, distortion in the interpretation of the Glorious Qurʾan is one of the biggest issues that is alarming in the Muslim World and Malaysia is no exception, where Kasim Ahmad is known for the anti-Hadith of the Prophet, and Political activist Leen who was actively involved in such practices. This issue has triggered enthusiasm among Muslim scholars, particularly the Muslim Exegetes who heavily debated it. To address this issue, this article examines the views of Muslim Exegetes. Data in this study were collected from the critical evaluation of some identified interpreted verses of the Glorious Qurʾan by those figures in Malaysia and others in the world, including the most powerful organizations such as Sister in Islam (SIS), Millah Ibrahim, and LGBT Groups and their proponents like Amreen Jamal, Hassan El-Menyawi, and prolific writer Dervla Shannahan. Through in-depth analysis to provide a lasting solution to ensure the accuracy of the interpretation of the Glorious Qurʾan, this study solely relied on the explanation and comments from the books of the most renowned Qurʾan commentators (Mufassirun) such as Ibn Kathir, Imam ʿAbd al-Rahman as-Saʾdi, Imam Al-Shawkani, Al-Maraghi, and Ibn Atiyyah. This study finally argues that the lack of using multiple Qurʾan exegesis and consulting experts in the field, as well as the knowledge of the Arabic language, were the main reasons for distortion in the interpretation of the verses of the Qurʾan. By addressing these issues, distortions, and deviations in the interpretations of the Glorious Qurʾan can be solved, and its accurate teachings can be preserved for generations to come.
Neuroprotective effect of mealworm protein hydrolysate-derived bioactive peptides in human microglial cells
Authors: Gonzalez-de la Rosa T. , del Valle-Alonso M.A. , Montserrat de la Paz S. , Rivero-Pino F.
Published: December 2024

The larva of Tenebrio molitor, better known as mealworm, is one of the most studied insects today, since it was recently classified as safe for human consumption. Specifically, its high protein content makes it a splendid candidate for the search for bioactive peptides, with properties ranging from anti-inflammatory to neuroprotective. In this study, the effect of a digested hydrolysate on microglia cells (which previously demonstrated high anti-inflammatory activity in intestinal CACO-2 cells) was analysed, specifically on their levels of gene expression of various cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-10, or IL-1β, among others. In addition, four chemically synthesised peptides, selected from this digested hydrolysate based on in silico analysis, including the estimation of the bioactive properties of these peptides, their physicochemical properties and their toxicokinetic, were evaluated in the microglia cells as well. In addition, molecular docking assays of the peptides were performed with two receptors relevant to inflammation. Relevant changes in the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and BDNF were observed due to the action of the peptides, especially in the case of IYVDAVIN and SLPSLPEPV. These results provide an insight on how specific peptides found in Tenebrio molitor could be used as therapeutics agent in the immunomodulation of brain cells.
COVID-19, Frustration of Contracts, and Application of Force majeure in Tanzanian Courts
Authors: Temu Goodluck
Published: December 2024

The 2019 COVID-19 pandemic caused panic, confusion, and frustration. Besides the pressure and stress the pandemic imposed upon healthcare systems, many business owners wondered what would happen to their unfulfilled contractual obligations. What was the likely effect of pending agreements and legally binding commitments if their fulfilment became impossible because of COVID-19 and its effect on business performance and transactions? Could courts of law be of any assistance? Tanzania was not exempt from the effects of the pandemic, so the Tanzanian courts became responsible for interpreting contractual responsibilities of parties affected by COVID-19. Overall, courts proved that when reasonable causes exist, force majeure clauses and the doctrine of frustration of contract can be effectively invoked by the affected party in order to exonerate that agent from pending obligations. On the other hand, courts also demonstrated that they would not accept spurious claims unless it was expressly shown how the performance of a specific contract was made impossible by the pandemic.
Histories of Landscapes: Negotiating Access and Belonging in the Tanganyika–Kenya Borderlands, 1930s to 1960s
Authors: Chuhila Maxmillian Julius
Published: December 2024

Landscapes in the colonial period were contested and negotiated among multiple actors. The differences among them were reflected in the way colonial government authorities and local populations defined what it meant to belong to a physical space. Existing scholarship reveals how pastoralists, for example, were marginalised by successive governments who treated them as threats to the environment in the very regions where they have been recognised independently as essential actors in creating and sustaining those landscapes into the world heritage sites that they have become. While the conflict over various competing uses of land is well represented in the literature, less attention has been paid to how transboundary opportunities and challenges have been appropriated in order to ease the ill effects of resource scarcity in geographical locations which have undergone constant conflicting human interests. Here I address the regions lying between Kenya and Tanganyika. Using examples from pastoralist and farming communities on both sides of the border, this paper analyses the challenges posed by the multiple meanings of ‘landscape’ for transboundary resource use. Drawing upon archives available in Kenya, Tanzania and the United Kingdom, I argue that the borderlines officially dividing Tanganyika from Kenya had little if anything at all to do with the social practices and resources uses that prevailed at the time.
Socio-Ecological Subjectivity in Paschally Mayega’s The People’s Schoolmaster
Authors: Ng’umbi Yunusy Castory
Published: December 2024

Mismanagement of the environment destroys biotic resources including trees, plants, birds, mammals and aquatic species; this forces people to endure contending with material hazards and places human lives at risk. Fiction provides a lens to interrogate the different ways in which environments are imagined, negotiated and used in socio-geographic and political arenas. Mayega’s novella The People’s Schoolmaster problematizes the various factors that victimise humankind ecologically. Relying on Rob Nixon’s concept of ‘slow violence’, I analyse Mayega’s representation of local reactions to global environmental crises; he portrays local publics reacting to political laxity, dishonesty, stinginess and misappropriation of public funds as the major causes of savage environmental destruction.
Museum of Literature and Performing Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina – the Difficult Heritage of a Nationally Heterogeneous Country
Authors: Kaniecka Dominika
Published: December 2024

Museum of Literature and Performing Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina – the Difficult Heritage of a Nationally Heterogeneous Country
The paper is an attempt to organize information about the Museum of Literature and Performing Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo. It presents this institution as an example of a difficult heritage and answers the question of the potential impact of its activities on strengthening the common cultural identity of the inhabitants of a nationally heterogeneous country. The analysis focuses on one decade (2013–2023), but the description also includes necessary references to the institution’s past. The troubled legacy considered in the article is the same as the term difficult heritage, perpetuated by Sharon Macdonald. In interpreting the described phenomena, tools taken from research on memory and cultural heritage (Macdonald, Stobiecka, Smith) are used. In the case of this Sarajevo museum, how heritage is practiced in the circumstances of a dysfunctional state is problematic. The rescue strategies presented in the text are a response to the indifference of political elites to the elementary needs of high culture.
 
Muzeum Literatury i Sztuk Teatralnych Bośni i Hercegowiny – kłopotliwe dziedzictwo niejednorodnego narodowo kraju
Artykuł jest próbą uporządkowania informacji na temat Muzeum Literatury i Sztuk Teatralnych Bośni i Hercegowiny w Sarajewie. Przedstawia instytucję jako przykład kłopotliwego dziedzictwa, odpowiada na pytanie o potencjalny wpływ jej działań na umacnianie wspólnej tożsamości kulturowej mieszkańców niejednorodnego narodowo kraju. Analiza dotyczy przede wszystkim jednej dekady (2013–2023), ale w opisie pojawiają się też niezbędne odwołania do przeszłości placówki. Rozpatrywane w artykule "kłopotliwe dziedzictwo" jest tożsame z terminem difficult heritage utrwalonym przez Sharon Mcdonald. W interpretacji opisywanych zjawisk posłużono się narzędziami zaczerpniętymi z badań nad pamięcią i dziedzictwem kulturowym (Mcdonald, Stobiecka, Smith). W przypadku sarajewskiego muzeum problematyczny jest sposób praktykowania dziedzictwa w okolicznościach dysfunkcyjnego państwa. Przedstawione w tekście strategie ratownicze są odpowiedzią na zobojętnienie elit politycznych na elementarne potrzeby kultury wysokiej.
The Topos of an Immured Woman and Failed Attempts at Emancipation: The Case of Emiliya Dvoryanova’s Novel "Земните градини на Богородица" [The Virgin Mary’s Earthly Gardens]
Authors: Szwat-Gyłybowa Grażyna
Published: December 2024

The Topos of an Immured Woman and Failed Attempts at Emancipation: The Case of Emiliya Dvoryanova’s Novel Земните градини на Богородица [The Virgin Mary’s Earthly Gardens]
This article is devoted to reflection on the novel Земните градини на Богородица (2006) by the contemporary Bulgarian writer Emiliya Dvoryanova, who attempts a feminist reckoning with the avaton principle that applies on Mount Athos – a holy place of the Orthodox Church – and, in the wake of that, with androcentric Christian theology. The interpretation of the writer’s strategies of dialogue with the Religious Tradition and folklore (represented by the topos of the walled-up woman) is in correlation with Rosi Braidotti’s philosophical thought, which confirms the message inherent in the semantics of the novel that women’s emancipation is doomed to failure when it is linked with the hope of repairing the ‘man’s’ world.
 
Topos wmurowanej kobiety i nieudane próby emancypacji. Przypadek powieści Emilii Dvoryanovej Земните градини на Богородица
Artykuł poświęcony jest refleksji na temat powieści współczesnej bułgarskiej pisarki Emilii Dvoryanovej Земните градини на Богородица (2006). Autorka powieści podejmuje próbę feministycznego rozrachunku z obowiązującą na Górze Athos – świętym miejscu prawosławia – zasadą avatonu, a ślad za tym z androcentryczną teologią chrześcijańską. Interpretacja stosowanych przez pisarkę strategii dialogu z Tradycją religijną oraz folklorem (reprezentowanym przez topos wmurowanej kobiety) pozostaje w korelacji z myślą filozoficzną Rossi Braidotti, która potwierdza wpisane w semantykę powieści przesłanie, iż kobieca emancypacja skazana jest na porażkę, gdy wiązana jest z nadzieją na naprawę „męskiego” świata.
China and Europe as Geo(bio)graphical/Auto(geo)biographical Spaces: Croatian Experiences of the Interwar Period
Authors: Pieniążek-Marković Krystyna
Published: December 2024

China and Europe as Geo(bio)graphical/Auto(geo)biographical Spaces: Croatian Experiences of the Interwar Period
The subject of this article is two Croatian travel accounts created in the interwar period, featuring an encounter between Europe and China. In the text Izlet u Rusiju: U Drezdenu (Mister Vu–San–Pej zanima se za srpsko–hrvatsko pitanje) (1924), Miroslav Krleža creates a narrator who tries to explain to a Chinese the intricacies of European (especially South Slavic) identification and territorial issues. As a result, an opportunity availed itself to chal­lenge the Eurocentric view of the world and to present first-class self-criticism. In his accounts entitled Na Dalekom Istoku – uspomene našega dobrovoljca iz Sibirije, Mandžurije, Mongolije i Kine (1931), Hrvoje Grgurić introduces the reader to the mysteries of the Chinese cultural landscape. In both texts, the auto-geo-biographical experience of space is (and remains) a clash with mystery and incomprehensible otherness.
 
Chiny i Europa jako przestrzenie geo(bio)graficzne/auto(geo)biograficzne. Chorwackie międzywojenne doświadczenia
Przedmiotem zainteresowania autorki są dwie chorwackie relacje z podróży powstałe w okresie międzywojennym, w których dochodzi do spotkania europejsko-chińskiego. W tekście Izlet u Rusiju: U Drezdenu (Mister Vu-San-Pej zanima se za srpsko-hrvatsko pitanje) (1924) Miroslav Krleža kreuje narratora usiłującego Chińczykowi rozsupłać sieć europejskich (zwłaszcza południowosłowiańskich) identyfikacyjno-terytorialnych zawiłości, co staje się okazją do podważenia europocentrycznego spojrzenia na świat i zaprezentowania mistrzowskiego autokrytycyzmu. Hrvoje Grgurić w relacji Na Dalekom Istoku – uspomene našega dobrovoljca iz Sibirije, Mandžurije, Mongolije i Kine (1931) wprowadza w tajniki kulturowego krajobrazu Chin. W obu tekstach autogeobiograficzne doświadczenie przestrzeni jest (i pozostaje) zde­rzeniem z tajemnicą i niepojętą odmiennością.
Cultural Resources: Immobility – Transfer, Milling – Revival
Authors: Szwat-Gyłybowa Grażyna , Siedlecka Sylwia , Michalska Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

Cultural Resources: Immobility – Transfer, Milling – Revival
Editorial of the volume.
 
Zasoby kulturowe. Bezruch – transfer, przemiał – rewitalizacja
Artykuł wstępny do tomu.
Trusting neighbours? Public perceptions on civil defence cooperation across the Nordics
Authors: Bengtsson Rikard , Brommesson Douglas
Published: December 2024

This article zooms in on the pre-conditions on the citizens’ level for deeper Nordic cooperation on civil defence matters. Historical ties, Nordic security cooperation, high-trusting citizens and the fact that all five Nordic states now are members of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) speak in favour of increased cooperation on civil defence. Still, the experiences from the Covid-19 pandemic with different strategies, diverging policies and closed borders, as well as heated exchanges of views, provide us with contradicting expectations. Based on a unique dataset with over 11,000 Nordic respondents, we address these mixed expectations and study the trust of the Nordic citizens in both their respective government’s civil defence preparedness and the citizens’ preferences regarding Nordic and other forms of international cooperation in this area. The results show a significant variation of trust in the civil preparedness of national governments (Finland highest trust, Sweden lowest trust). The variation returns in the desire for deeper international cooperation with considerably lower level of support for enhanced Nordic cooperation among the Danish respondents and strong support for such cooperation among the Finns, Norwegians and Swedes. Hence, our results indicate a potential for enhanced cooperation among some Nordics, but not all.
Trajectories of Violence Exposure and Drug Use Among Justice-Involved Male Adolescents: A Multi-Trajectory Approach
Authors: Kuettel Benjamin T. , Mackay Annette
Published: December 2024

A strong link exists between exposure to violence and drug use, yet their simultaneous development is less understood. This study utilizes multi-trajectory modeling to investigate the dynamic relationship between violence exposure and drug use among justice-involved male adolescents. Using a sample from the Pathways to Desistance study ( n = 1,095), we identify five group trajectories of violence exposure and drug use; “Chronic Low” (39.2%), “Resisters” (17.6%), “Accelerators” (13.9%), “Desisters” (22.2%), and “At-risk” (7.1%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis examines individual, social, and environmental risk factors predicting trajectory group membership. Results highlight the need to address cumulative vulnerabilities shaping outcomes among high-risk adolescents. We conclude by discussing the importance of drug treatment and intervention strategies to foster positive outcomes for justice-involved youth.
Emancipatory entrepreneuring as disidentification: A queer-feminist view of becoming a democratic cooperative
Authors: Friedrich Jonas , Steyaert Chris
Published: December 2024

Democratizing entrepreneurship itself is by far no guarantee for emancipation: the majority can (over)rule, masculinist dominance or regressive ideologies may flourish, and exclusions occur. By ethnographically following the transformation of a socially engaged agency into a diverse cooperative, we offer a processual study of emancipatory entrepreneuring that is undoing the paternal, family-like, and pseudo-democratic enterprise and creates a diverse cooperative with shared ownership, co-leadership, and queered sensitivities to gender, racism, and affective difference. Our analysis thereby relies on the political concept of “disidentification” and its process of queer worldmaking as developed by José Esteban Muñoz. On this conceptual basis, we redraw becoming democratic as an ongoing in-between process of “decomposing” heroic and patriarchally inclined entrepreneurship and ongoingly “recomposing” democratic entrepreneuring through revising interrelated layers of inequality. By introducing the theory of “disidentification”, we contribute with a queer-feminist conceptual vocabulary to analyze the intertwined political and processual nature of emancipation. Transformation is neither understood as a revolution nor a planned linear change but rather as an ongoing in-between process that subversively recycles former, habitual ways of interacting into undertaking different, more inclusive worldmaking.
Persisting unhealthy eating behaviors and the role of dieting in outpatients treated for severe mental illness: Findings from a longitudinal study
Authors: Hotzy Florian , Seifritz Erich , Vetter Stefan , Mötteli Sonja
Published: December 2024

Background:

Individuals living with severe mental illness (SMI) are at higher risk of being overweight and obese. In addition to medication side effects, poor dietary habits are considered as modifiable factors. However, individuals with SMI face a variety of barriers to healthy eating, and it is still unclear which dietary strategies are best.

Aims:

The current study aimed to examine the course of dietary habits in dieting and non-dieting patients treated at a psychiatric day clinic.

Method:

In this longitudinal observational study, symptom severity, dietary habits, and other health-risk behaviors of n = 53 psychiatric outpatients with a primary ICD-10 diagnosis (85% F3 and 15% F2) were assessed at the start of treatment in a psychiatric day clinic and after 3 months using semi-structured interview data and anthropometric measurements.

Results:

Patients’ mental health improved after 3 months of treatment (e.g. lower scores on a modiﬁed Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (m-GAF) and on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-D)). However, BMI and lifestyle behaviors (e.g. diet quality, physical activity, and smoking) remained unchanged. Fewer depressive symptoms and dieting were even associated with weight gain over the 3 months (+1.7 kg). Compared with non-dieters, dieters had higher levels of neuroticism and ambivalence about eating, were more likely to overeat and were more dissatisfied with their body weight.

Conclusions:

The group of dieters may benefit from professional support to achieve a healthier lifestyle.
Sent out, Kept In: Detainment-Based Discipline in a Public High School
Authors: Gorski Karlyn J.
Published: December 2024

Exclusionary discipline receives considerable scholarly attention, but the concept homogenizes practices that rely on the physical detainment of youth, such as in-school suspension, and practices that do not, such as out-of-school suspension. In this article, I argue that school discipline should be evaluated not only on the basis of whether it is exclusionary but also whether it is detainment-based. Whereas a practice such as in-school suspension relies on students’ physical detention, out-of-school suspension releases them from the school’s carceral control. I draw on three years of ethnographic observations and 108 interviews in a public high school to explore why and how students and adults differently evaluated detainment-based versus non-detainment-based practices. Although both groups drew parallels between detainment-based discipline and carcerality, adults insisted that detainment-based discipline was less “severe.” Students, however, strongly preferred non-detainment-based discipline because it released them to relative “freedom.” I explore the implications of these findings for both researchers and practitioners.
Reframing urban development politics: Transcalarity in sovereign, developmental and private circuits
Authors: Robinson Jennifer , Harrison Philip , Croese Sylvia , Sheburah Essien Rosina , Kombe Wilbard , Lane Matthew , Mwathunga Evance , Owusu George , Yang Yan
Published: December 2024

This paper develops the idea of transcalarity to reframe analyses of urban development politics. Our analysis starts from African contexts but is relevant to, and in conversation with, experiences on other continents. Accounts of the politics of urban development have rarely benefitted from the experiences of African urban settings. Characterised by relatively weakly resourced municipalities, informality of the urban setting and of the state, and highly transnationalised forms of governance, African experiences may seem to stand out as profoundly different from those which have informed dominant theorisations of urban development politics. And yet, it is across the African continent that a substantial portion of the world’s new, future urban areas are being made, providing strong grounds for theorising urban development politics starting from the diversity of experiences across the continent. Evidence from current research and long-term observations in three African urban contexts (Lilongwe, Accra and Dar es Salaam) indicate that inherited conceptualisations vastly overestimate the resources and agency of municipal government in many urban contexts and omit the enhanced institutional interests of national actors in urban development. Also, the range of international actors considered has been analytically restricted or mischaracterised, as global sovereign and developmental actors play a powerful role while significant private sector interests may not be very international. More generally, ‘circulating’ processes and actors might not be ‘external’ as, especially in relation to developmental and sovereign circuits, these are often embedded in and contribute to shaping emergent transcalar territorial networks co-ordinating investment in different contexts.
Public administration’s role in building resilient election administration in the United States
Authors: Clark Amanda D. , Barsky Christina S.
Published: December 2024

Recent attacks on election integrity and the dehumanization of civil servants have raised concerns about the health of American democracy. Democracy administration rests on four pillars: trust/transparency, resources, education, and accountability/oversight. Election administrators, their employees, and poll workers administer democracy through these mechanisms. Ideally, centering these important public administrators via research in a way that re-humanizes the administrative process may be the ultimate strategy to stabilize the foundation upon which these pillars rest. In addition, we must incorporate election administration into the classes we teach. However, many public administration scholars do not understand the daily challenges election administrators face as our programs do not center election administration as a field of study or interest. This academic-practitioner disconnect leads to roadblocks that minimize public administration’s stated goal of democracy promotion.
Hereditary pontine and extrapontine brain malformations in Brazilian Tabapuã cattle
Authors: Dutra Lucas da Costa , Simões Sara Vilar Dantas , Lucena Ricardo Barbosa de , Alcindo Jefferson Filgueira , Medeiros Gildenor X. , Summers Brian A. , Riet-Correa Franklin
Published: December 2024

A congenital neurologic disorder affected a herd of Tabapuã cattle. Of 98 newborn calves, 12 (12%) were affected; they were sired by 3 related bulls. This frequency suggested a genetic disorder caused by an autosomal recessive gene. Persisting recumbency, an altered sensorium, head tilt, nystagmus, episodic head and neck jerking, ventral strabismus, and opisthotonic posturing resulted in euthanasia by day 15. The postmortem findings were similar in 8 calves studied. The skull was smaller and flattened compared with unaffected calves. The cerebral hemispheres were slightly reduced in size with their gyral pattern simplified and showing occasional, focal macrogyria. The corpus callosum was partly aplastic. The pons held the most striking gross abnormality, namely, the absence of the pontine base and middle cerebellar peduncles while the trapezoid body in the medulla was reduced. There was severe hypoplasia of pontocerebellar fibers and a mildly reduced size of spinothalamic, corticospinal, and corticobulbar tracts. Histologically, numbers of neurons in the pontine basal, red, olivary, and cerebellar nuclei were reduced. Neurologic signs reflect these extensive pathologic changes, especially in the midbrain, brainstem, and caudal fossa. While olivopontocerebellar anomalies are known in domestic animals, selective pontine hypoplasia has not been reported. These Tabapuã calves share features of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH), a human malformation, in which the pons and the cerebellum are most severely affected with impaired growth of other parts of the brain leading eventually to microcephaly. At least, 11 different forms of human PCH are related to mutations in several different genes.
Who’s Prone to Breaking the Rules?—Predictors of Challenging Patient Behavior in Forensic Addiction Treatment
Authors: Berthold Dörte , Querengässer Jan
Published: December 2024

Many patients in substance use disorder treatment exhibit behavior that is challenging for therapy. In Germany, offenders with addiction problems may be sentenced to treatment in forensic psychiatric institutions (Sect. 64 of the German Criminal Code). In general, therapy-challenging behavior (TCB) increases the risk that forensic addiction treatment (FAT) will fail. This article identifies a set of indicators allowing therapists to assess the risk of TCB during FAT. We define TCB as any substance use, escapes/abscondence and disciplinary incidents by patients. As potential predictors, anamnestic sociodemographic data, disorder-related variables, and delinquency-related data (set A) in addition to the therapists’ assessments of the therapy process (set B) were analyzed. N = 548 records of patients, who had been in treatment for at least 12 and at most 24 months, were included in this study. Patients were treated in several forensic institutions throughout Germany. N = 187 patients showed at least one type of TCB (34.1%). In a first univariate step (applying Chi²-tests or t-test) various possible predictors were identified. Their predictive values were then analyzed in three binary stepwise logistic regression models. The first comprises set A predictors, the second set B and a third inclusive model combined both sets of variables (set AB). The combination of anamnestic and treatment-related variables (AB) proved to be superior to the other models and resulted in a significant model for prediction of TCB ( p < .001). It includes seven variables and explains more than one third of TCB variance. The findings allow TCB in FAT to be more quickly identified in a population at risk and offer the possibility to provide these patients with appropriate treatment.
Evaluation of fire-retardant biocomposites exposed to various heat fluxes at medium and large scales
Authors: Ogabi Raphael , Manescau Brady , Chetehouna Khaled , Lamoot Ludovic , Muhammed Raji Abdulwasiu
Published: December 2024

This study aims to enhance the understanding of fire behavior in biosourced composite materials for potential aeronautics and automotive applications. Experimental tests include NexGen burner trials for Federal Aviation Administration fire certification and cone calorimeter tests on a medium scale. The research also explores the development of biosourced composite materials, addressing the non-biodegradability of synthetic counterparts and contributing to the understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics under varying heat flux densities (20, 35, and 50 kW/m2). The heat fluxes of 25, 35, and 50 kW/m2 were selected to provide a range of moderate- to high-intensity heat exposures that are relevant for assessing the thermal performance and fire behavior of biocomposite materials. The composites were fabricated using the Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding method, augmented with an intumescent flame-retardant layer to bolster their fire safety attributes. The parametric study focused on the fire performance index, the fire growth index, the mass loss, the gas emission species, the surface temperature of the front face of the sample using a Telops infrared camera, and the gaseous emissions obtained for each test configuration. The sample dimensions are 100 × 100 × 5 mm3 for the cone calorimeter and 500 × 500 × 5 mm3 for the NexGen burner. Our experimental findings provide a detailed quantitative analysis of their fire performance, highlighting the significant variance in thermal properties and degradation behavior contingent on fiber type and heat flux exposure. Time-to-ignition ranged from 144.9 to 36 s for flax composites and 125 to 32.5 s for banana composites across the tested heat flux densities. The peak heat release rate was notably higher for banana composites (753.1–908.6 kW/m2) compared to flax (495.4–823 kW/m2). This study underscores the critical dependency of thermal and fire safety properties on composite material composition and heat flux exposure, providing valuable insights for the development of safer, biosourced composite materials.
Bioethics and Controversies in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: Vargas Nikoletta , Hamrah Daria
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have become an essential part of modern medicine and surgery in recent years. Potential cosmetic surgery patients can visualize possible outcomes of a surgical procedure with the swipe of a finger and get a quote for surgical treatments without leaving their homes. Most of these AI tools use high-quality 2D or 3D photographs, as well as sensitive personal data regarding medical history and other important parameters, which certainly raise concerns about the bioethical aspects, accountability, and personal data protection. This article points out the key ethical principles and issues that may arise in the implementation of these tools, especially in facial cosmetic surgery. It discusses the possible pre-programmed bias and other considerations and controversies that can lead to unintentional violation of sensitive information and resulting legal issues. A search was performed across PubMed and Web of Science, using a combination of keywords related to “cosmetic surgery” and “artificial intelligence,” such as “bioethics,” “AI preprogrammed bias,” and “AI liability.” The search was focused on published articles in the past 5 years to point out the recent trends and opinions among plastic cosmetic surgeons about the use of AI in the field. The main potential issues associated with the use of AI in plastic cosmetic surgery were summarized as “Possible pre-programmed Bias,” “Key ethical principles” and “Other considerations and controversies,” such as compromised traditional patient-clinician relationships, including loss of empathy and patient-centered care. Further considerations include the potential dehumanization of health care, AI-generated threats to patients’ safety and efficacy, and limited liability. The current experts’ opinions regarding the use of AI in cosmetic surgery and health care seem to be very controversial despite the increase in its use and the recent improvements in the quality and versatile facets of AI tools and their implementation. There are supporters and opponents, whose common goal remains to be the quality of care, patient safety, and bioethics, including data protection and liability. Artificial intelligence technologies can potentially improve patient care by supporting surgeons without having to replace them. Strict regulations are crucial for any kind of AI technology, especially the one involved in direct patient care, such as cosmetic surgery.