bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Dynamic S-Box Based on Password Key and Circle Map
Authors: Khudhair Ala'a Talib , Gbashi Ekhlas Khalaf , Maolood Abeer Tariq
Published: October 2023

Many cryptosystems and security techniques use substitution boxes to ensure the data’s secure communication. A new technique is presented for generating a robust S-box to fulfill security requirements. The AES algorithm represents a block cipher cryptographic algorithm. It was selected by the National Institute of Science and Technology as the optimal cryptographic algorithm in 2011. Through the study of the properties of original S-BOX, this algorithm has been subjected to a number of attacks (linear, differential, statistical, and interpolation), and original S-BOX has been static, which makes the attack strong and shows a weakness in the algorithm.  It is necessary to make this algorithm more efficient and powerful through the improvement of the dynamic generation of the steps for the protection of textual data security. This paper proposes a dynamic S-Box based on the user's password key (8 chars), shifting, and a 1D circle map. The results in this work indicated that the suggested approach presents a secure S-BOX, which is considered to have 255 differences identified when 1 bit of the key is changed; therefore, about 99% of the S-Box has been changed. Also, an inverse table of S-Box (16*16) is generated via the S-Box output created from the above-mentioned suggestions for returning the values regarding the union of the column and the row for all the S-Box generated values. We examine the quality of our S-Box through various well-known performance parameters. All of the analysis yields very encouraging results, certifying that the generated S-box meets all criteria that are required for reliable and secure encryption. Just a few milliseconds are needed to implement it.
Automatic Image and Video Tagging Survey
Authors: Athab Suha Dh. , Abdullah Karim Abdulamir
Published: October 2023

Marking content with descriptive terms that depict the image content is called “tagging,” which is a well-known method to organize content for future navigation, filtering, or searching. Manually tagging video or image content is a time-consuming and expensive process. Accordingly, the tags supplied by humans are often noisy, incomplete, subjective, and inadequate. Automatic Image Tagging can spontaneously assign semantic keywords according to the visual information of images, thereby allowing images to be retrieved, organized, and managed by tag. This paper presents a survey and analysis of the state-of-the-art approaches for the automatic tagging of video and image data. The analysis in this paper covered the publications on tagging in Scopus and the Web of Science databases from 2008 to 2022.
Intercambios entre la Marina de Brasil y Armada de Colombia: Mayor integración de intereses comunes
Authors: Batista-Barreira Marcio Rossini , Alves da Silva Alexandre Luiz
Published: October 2023

Las Armadas de Brasil y Colombia en respuesta a documentos políticos y estratégicos de alto nivel de sus propios Estados tienen la gran oportunidad de compartir sus experiencias, traduciéndolas no solo en operaciones combinadas que benefician la seguridad de la región, sino como determinantes para fortalecer los conocimientos mutuos en materia operacional y logística en zonas estratégicas y geopolíticamente importantes como la Amazonia. La Marina del Brasil presenta ventajas comparativas en materia de proyección del poder marítimo, combate a los crímenes trasnacionales y consciencia marítima situacional que son referentes para su homólogo en Colombia y en caso reciproco es la Armada de Colombia que cuenta con especial experiencia en la lucha contra el narcotráfico y el combate a los crímenes transnacionales en ambientes marítimos y rivereños aportaría sus conocimientos y casos como mecanismos de fortalecimiento y amistad entre los países y sus marinas.
Dynamics of the development of the digital economy of small businesses in single-industry towns in the Orenburg region. Prospects and risks.
Authors: Pankovskii Pavel Andreevich , Ryabova Tat'yana Mikhailovna
Published: October 2023

The article presents an overview of the dynamics of the development of the digital economy of small enterprises in single-industry towns, presenting an analysis of the impact of digital technologies on this area. For the purpose of the study, Gai and Mednogorsk were selected from seven single-industry settlements in the Orenburg region, since these cities have a similar specialization (non-ferrous metallurgy). The article provides a comparative analysis of digital dynamics in the selected single-industry towns against the background of all-Russian and regional statistics. The features of the number, employment of small and medium-sized enterprises, income, and other aspects of development are investigated, as well as the strengths and problems of each single-industry town are identified. The article presents an overview of the dynamics of the development of the digital economy at small enterprises in such single-industry towns of the Orenburg region as Guy and Mednogorsk with a focus on the analysis of the impact of digital technologies. The study showed that digital technologies have a significant impact on small businesses, contributing to their growth and development. It is important to note that, despite some differences, both in the quality of the Internet and the scale, in general, there is no significant difference between the single-industry towns of Guy and Mednogorsk - the number of enterprises is stable, the number of employees is decreasing, and turnover is growing at a rate similar to inflation. This analysis also revealed several nationwide and regional trends that can become the basis for developing strategies to support small businesses in single-industry towns and other regions. These trends include an increase in the number and employment in the SME sector, an increase in income and profits, while the growth rates of indicators in the Orenburg region exceed similar indicators for the country as a whole, thus, there is no clear link between the development of the digital economy of small businesses in single-industry towns and in the region as a whole.
Processos fonológicos na produção escrita de alunos brasileiros e com ascendência boliviana: a relevância da sílaba e do acento
Authors: Balduino Amanda , Gouveia Angelly Alani Marques de
Published: October 2023

Este artigo analisa os desvios ortográficos de alunos brasileiros, filhos de bolivianos, e bolivianos do 6 º ano da rede pública estadual de São Paulo, avaliando a relação entre escritas não convencionais e fenômenos fonológicos da língua portuguesa. Baseados em um corpus formado por 121 produções escritas de três grupos de alunos (brasileiros, filhos de bolivianos e bolivianos) (GOUVEIA, 2019), identificamos a existência de diferentes processos fonológicos transpostos à escrita. Esse é o caso do alçamento, da vocalização, da ditongação, da monotongação e do apagamento de coda, fenômenos nos quais a proeminência lexical e a sílaba são primordiais e sugerem que o domínio de conhecimentos técnicos voltados à fonologia e à fonética são ferramentas necessárias para a atuação docente. Argumentamos, portanto, que o conhecimento metalinguístico fonológico é relevante no ensino-aprendizagem, sendo fundamental para a elaboração de estratégias pedagógicas que visem ao desenvolvimento de um pensamento metalinguístico, inclusive em salas heterogêneas como a avaliada.
Ways to increase the durability of machines and mechanisms
Authors:   Military Innovative Technopolis «ERA», Makarenko N. G. , Yakovleva Yu. S. ,   Military Innovative Technopolis «ERA», Mikhalevich O. A. ,   Military Innovative Technopolis «ERA»
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the issues of increasing the durability of machines and mechanisms at various stages of the product life cycle. The components on which the durability of equipment. The requirements for the anode materials, the composition of the working fluid, the test results for the implementation of the reparation technology are given. The results of the developed and patented technology for increasing the durability of tribosystem parts are presented, new compositions of working fluids are obtained to implement the method of repair and processing of parts at the manufacturing stage, new devices are developed, manufactured and tested under operating conditions that increase the life of parts at various stages of the product life cycle, new stands for testing of developed technologies. The developed methods, arrangements of machine and mechanism units, which allow to implement wear compensation during operation, provide a significant (1,5–3 times) increase in the resource.
The analysis of cutting forces for hardened steel milling
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Makashin D. S.
Published: October 2023

Micro milling is a widely used manufacturing method. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the cutting forces in corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant steel 14Kh17N2. Studies of the full factorial experiment on the processing of steel 14Kh17N2 are carried out using a micro end mill with AlTiN coating. New mathematical models of cutting force and axial force have been developed that are adequately able to predict and optimize the forces acting on the cutting tool. Graphs have been obtained for calculating the minimum required feed per tooth and depth of cut, at which maximum cutting forces and axial forces are provided, which makes it possible to increase the durability of the cutting tool during microfilming. The obtained mathematical models describe the obtained experimental data with 90% or more accuracy.
The use of phase voltage modules to select the damaged phase in case of single-phase earth faults
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Shabanov V. A. , Sorokin A. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University
Published: October 2023

In case of short circuits, the selection of damaged phases always precedes the determination of the damage location. To select the damaged phase, filter selector of the damaged phase are widely used, using symmetrical components of phase currents. In networks with an isolated neutral, the phase currents during a ground fault are determined mainly by load currents and in most cases the phase current of the damaged phase differs little from the currents in the undamaged phases. Therefore, phase currents and their symmetrical components are not used to select the damaged phase in single-phase short circuits. To select the damaged phase in networks with an isolated neutral, the properties of the phase voltage modules and the neutral offset voltage are used. Single-phase earth faults occur, as a rule, through fault resistances, the values of which can reach several thousand ohms. Therefore, the study of devices for selecting the damaged phase using voltage modules with single-phase earth faults through significant fault resistances is an urgent task. The purpose of the article is to investigate the properties and consider the directions of improvement of damaged phase sensors using phase voltage modules, to determine the areas of their selective action depending on the magnitude of the fault resistance at the point of damage. Describe algorithms in which the voter will act selectively both with metal damages and with damages through fault resistance.
Rinodina bischoffi i (Physciaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a new species for the Southern Russian Far East from Primorsky Krai and Sakhalin Island
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Galanina Irina A. , Yakovchenkoa Lidia S. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Davydovnkoa Evgeny A. ,   2Altai State University, Barnaul, 656049, Russian Federation, Skirin Fedor V. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russian Federation, Kharpukhaeva Tatyana M. ,   Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan- Ude, 670047, Russian Federation, Skirina Irina F. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The calcicolous lichen Rinodina bischoffi i is reported for the fi rst time in the southern part of the Russian Far East from Primorsky Krai and Sakhalin Island. The species was collected on calcareous rocks in four localities. The paper provides data on morphology, anatomy, ecology, distribution and diff erences of Rinodina bischoffi i from the closely related species based on the studied material. In addition, the verifi ed localities of the species from Republic of Buryatia and Repub
Calm behavior of the Baikal seal, Pusa sibirica (Gmelin, 1788), on coastal rookeries
Authors:   Baikal Museum of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Listvyanka, Irkutsk Oblast, 664520, Russian Federation, Petrov Evgeniy A. , Kupchinsky Alexander B. ,   Baikal Museum of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Listvyanka, Irkutsk Oblast, 664520, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

We carried out an analysis of calm (comfortable, non-aggressive) behavior of the Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica) based on the study of video materials shot with a stationary camera for several seasons on one of the main coastal rookeries (Dolgiy Island, Ushkan Islands, Lake Baikal). An ethogram of calm behavior, including 16 main patterns, was compiled for this species for the fi rst time. We provide descriptions and examples of the main behavioral patterns, as well as some quantitative estimates of their application. The Baikal seal behavior is compared with behavior of other seals (mainly of the Phocidae family). Peaceful coexistence on rookeries takes up a signifi cant part of the Baikal seal’s daily time budget, and the need for proper rest is one of the main motivations for the formation of coastal rookeries.
Korean pine, Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.: seed quality and soil conditions for growth at the Verkhneussuriysky Forest Station (Primorsky Krai, Russia)
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Orekhova Tatiana P. , Purtova Ludmila N. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia, Kiseleva Irina V. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
Published: October 2023

This publication presents research results on Korean pine seed quality and soil conditions at the Verkhneussuriysky Forest Station of the Federal Scientifi c Center of Biodiversity FEB RAS. The purpose of research is selecting plus trees based on seed productivity. High seed quality depended on favorable soil conditions for tree growth: soils with thicker horizons rich in organic matter, with high soil enzymatic activity contributing to the transfer of elements into more accessible forms for plant nutrition. Tree No.7 had very large cones with a large number of seeds, while the empty seed yield was 42%. We believe that the 1000-kernel weight does not always refl ect the seed quality. The soil conditions under that tree were extremely unfavorable for a high quality crop. The following conditions contributed to an effi cient harvest of Korean pine seeds: higher content of mobile phosphorus in the AU horizon (tree No.4), and favorable acid/alkaline conditions for brown soil formation (Cambisols). Brown soils have high catalase enzyme activity due to abundant plant residues in the AU horizon and strong content of organic carbon, which indicates high biological activity in their surface horizons. Studying changes in optical parameters of soils within the phytogenic fi elds of model trees allowed to establish the mutual correlation between the organic carbon content and the integral refl ection of soils (R). This will allow us to use the indicator P to indicate the state of soil fertility in forest ecosystems in further research. Data showed that seed quality depends on favorable growth conditions and the location of the tree.
Contribution of Nikolai Maksimovich Kostenkov (9.10.1938–15.11.2017) to soil science development in the Russian Far East
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Zharikova Elena A. , Golodnaya Olga M. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
Published: October 2023

N. M. Kostenkov, a recognized specialist in the fi eld of physical chemistry and ecology of soils, headed the department of soil science at the Institute of Biology and Soil Science of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (now the Federal Scientifi c Center of Biodiversity) for many years. The article considers his creative biography and analyzes his scientifi c works and achievements. N. M. Kostenkov revealed the features of redox processes in the soils of the southern Russian Far East, characterized the soil cover and arable land reserves of the region, developed methods for reclamation and bioremediation of disturbed soils, identifi ed the distribution features and properties of soils, developed principals for recording and protection of land resources.
Dialectal peculiarities in riddles of Suntarsky district
Authors:   Institute for Humanitarian Research and North Indigenous People Problems SB RAS, Nikolaev E.R.
Published: October 2023

. The article is the first in Yakut linguistics to examine the dialectal lexicon of Yakut folk riddles of Suntarsky district. The necessity of this study is due to the fact that Yakut riddles rarely serve as a material for studying the dialectal lexicon of the Yakut language. Dialectal data can provide information about the preservation of the dialect, as well as clarify the issues of semantics in the field of Yakut dialectology. The scholarly novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the linguistic analysis of riddles collected in Suntarsky district is carried out and the main semantic-motivational features of dialectal units on the material of folklore text are highlighted for the first time. The purpose of the study is to identify the most characteristic phonetic correspondences and lexical features of dialect words in folk riddles of Suntarsky district. The source and material for the study were riddles collected in 1960–1969 by the local historian Ivan Ivanov – Chopchu Uybaan and published in a separate edition in 2014. The texts of 2891 riddles were frontally reviewed for the presence of dialectal features. To achieve the goal, the methods of phonetic, lexical analysis, as well as descriptive method with the application of interpretation of linguistic material were used. Phonetic features characteristic of the Suntar dialect were revealed: assimilation and dissimilation of consonants; phonetic correspondences (long/short vowels; doubling/short consonants, etc.). We present typical examples of dialectal units from riddles that belong to the lexicon of the Olyokma-Vilyui dialects. In addition to the well-known lexemes of the Suntar dialect (e. g. muruku ‘chipmunk’), one can pay attention to some dialectal meanings (e. g. keghe kulgaagha ‘snowdrop’), which were not previously included in dialectological dictionaries. The main motivational type of the semantics of dialect words – metaphorical or figurative – was established. This type of nomination is characteristic of the text of riddles, which is expressed by figurative words, euphemisms. The riddles emphasize the dominant features of the subject, phenomenon: shape, sounds, process, action, etc. The presentation of the semantic-motivational picture on the example of dialect words in riddles can fill the gaps in the study of the dialect linguistic picture of the world of the Yakut language.
Competitions of professional and pedagogical skills of future teachers
Authors: Лапыко Т.П. , Комарова С.В.
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены научно-теоретические основы и практический опыт организации и участия в конкурсах профессионально-педагогического мастерства будущих педагогов. Обращается внимание на вариативное содержание конкурсных испытаний, их результативность с учетом условий проведения, а также перспективы применения в вузе. Анализируется опыт участия в конкурсе профессионального мастерства педагогов дополнительного образования авторов статьи в составе жюри, который целесообразно адаптировать к условиям профессиональной подготовки будущих педагогов. Участие в одном конкурсе студентов разных курсов, профилей подготовки делает такое соревнование междисциплинарным, универсальным, способствует обмену знаниями, умениями, опытом решения педагогических задач различного содержания и уровня сложности. В такой ситуации принятие решения о распределении мест среди лучших конкурсантов жюри осуществляет с учетом единой системы критериев оценки. Как правило, в таком первенстве принимают участие команды из числа обучающихся разных курсов и направлений подготовки. Индивидуальные соревнования-конкурсы целесообразнее проводить в рамках изучения конкретной учебной дисциплины, по группам, курсам, профилям подготовки. Таким образом, не трудно выявить индивидуальные познавательные интересы студентов, ценность тех или иных предметных областей.

The article presents the scientific and theoretical foundations and practical experience of organizing and participating in competitions of professional and pedagogical skills of future teachers. Attention is drawn to the variable content of competitive tests, their effectiveness, taking into account the conditions for conducting, as well as the prospects for application at the university. The experience of participation in the competition of professional skills of teachers of additional education of the authors of the article as part of the jury is analyzed, which should be adapted to the conditions of professional training of future teachers. Participation in one competition of students of different courses, training profiles makes such a competition interdisciplinary, universal, promotes the exchange of knowledge, skills, experience in solving pedagogical problems of various contents and levels of complexity. In such a situation, the jury makes a decision on the distribution of places among the best contestants taking into account a unified system of evaluation criteria. As a rule, teams from among students of different courses and areas of training take part in such a championship. It is more expedient to conduct individual competitions-competitions within the framework of studying a specific academic discipline, by groups, courses, training profiles. Thus, it is not difficult to identify the individual cognitive interests of students, the value of certain subject areas.
Development of cognitive and operational-activity readiness of students to study foreign languages
Authors: Арсаханова М-Х.А. , Арсалиева Э.Х.
Published: October 2023

Актуальность исследуемой проблемы определяется процессом обучения иностранному языку в старшей школе и содействием развитию у старшеклассников способности использовать его как инструмент общения. Известно, что у старшеклассников очень часто отсутствует мотивация к овладению иностранным языком, а в конечном итоге выявляется их психологическая неготовность к усвоению иностранных языков. Недостаточная разработанность основ формирования психологической готовности учащихся старших классов к овладению иностранными языками сдерживает создание единого подхода к такому обучению, снижает качество знаний и уровень сформированности иноязычных навыков у учащихся. Особенно актуальным на сегодня является формирование и развитие у учащихся когнитивной и операционно-деятельностной готовности к изучению иностранного языка, главными показателями которой является сформированность у них иноязычных знаний, навыков, умений, уровень развития таких психических функций как восприятие, памяти, воображения, внимания. Известно, что выпускники школ на момент поступления в высшее учебное заведение не владеют иностранным языком в достаточной мере, в большинстве случаев они обладают отдельными теоретическими знаниями по грамматике, лексике и синтаксису (Хекхаузен, 2003). В связи с этим важное значение для нашего исследования имеет определение уровня сформированности когнитивной и операционно-деятельностной готовности старшеклассников к овладению иностранными языками.

The relevance of the problem under study is determined by the process of teaching a foreign language in high school and promoting the development of high school students' ability to use it as a communication tool. It is known that high school students very often lack motivation to master a foreign language, and in the end, their psychological unpreparedness to learn foreign languages is revealed. The insufficient development of the foundations for the formation of the psychological readiness of high school students to master foreign languages hinders the creation of a unified approach to such learning, reduces the quality of knowledge and the level of formation of foreign language skills among students. Particularly relevant today is the formation and development of students' cognitive and operational readiness for learning a foreign language, the main indicators of which are the formation of their foreign language knowledge, skills, abilities, the level of development of such mental functions as perception, memory, imagination, attention. It is known that school graduates do not have sufficient knowledge of a foreign language at the time of entering a higher educational institution, in most cases they have separate theoretical knowledge of grammar, vocabulary and syntax (Heckhausen, 2003). In this regard, it is important for our study to determine the level of formation of the cognitive and operational-activity readiness of high school students for mastering foreign languages.
Main challenges and problems of digital transformation in conditions of technological sovereignty strengthening
Authors: Shinkevich A. I. , Idrisov A. E.
Published: October 2023

Digital transformation is a process of mass introduction and use of digital technologies and innovations in business processes of enterprises resulting in increased production effiency and reduced costs. The article reveals main issues of digital transformation process in conditions of technological sovereignty strengthening. The purpose of the study is to identify main challenges and problems of digital transformation in conditions of technological sovereignty on the basis of statistical analysis techniques. Inthe process of research, such scientifi and practical methods as comparison, method of analysis and synthesis, and statistical data for monitoring main costs of enterprises for digital environment development have been used. Main challenges of digital transformation have been analyzed, and a number of problems and barriers to digital transformation identifid, such as the lack of necessary digital competencies, lack of digital strategy and appropriate personnel, and others that prevent digital processes from being fully realized within enterprises. Statistical data on gross domestic expenditures and expenditures of enterprises and households on digital economy development has also been analyzed. Statistical compilations and reports of the Higher School of Economics have been used in order to monitor and analyze relevant statistical data.
Termografía un estudio diagnóstico complementario como apoyo en la detección temprana de anomalías de mama femenina
Authors: Rodríguez Guerrero Steve , Loaiza Humberto , Restrepo Girón Andrés David , Reyes Luis Alberto
Published: October 2023

Se presentan los avances de la propuesta de una metodología de visión artificial basada en termografía infrarroja como técnica de diagnóstico complementario de apoyo en la detección temprana de anomalías de mama femenina. En la etapa de adquisición se desarrolló un escenario de captura de imágenes termográficas basado en la adaptación de un protocolo internacional dentro de un Hospital de la región en el que se capturaron 150 imágenes. Posteriormente, en la etapa preprocesamiento y segmentación se emplearon técnicas para el mejoramiento del contraste y detectores de frontera con el fin de extraer cada mama de la zona de tórax de las pacientes; después se emplearon técnicas de transformación como las de coocurrencia para extraer las características de cada imagen y así terminar con la etapa de clasificación en el que se confrontaron modelos de máquinas de aprendizaje superficial versus modelos de aprendizaje profundo. En este primer ciclo se alcanzó a implementar un algoritmo de frontera basado en filtros gradientes más la transformación de Hough para la segmentación, y en la etapa de clasificación se obtuvieron porcentajes de precisión superiores al 80%. Los resultados alcanzados en esta primera etapa permiten brindar cierto grado de confianza en el uso de este tipo de estudio para efectos de detección temprana de anomalías de mama, pero también permite preveer las limitaciones de este tipo de estudio.
Evaluación de la sostenibilidad para un sistema individual de potabilización de agua en comunidades rurales a través de la metodología de ACV
Authors: Díaz Therán Hugo Alfonso , Hincapié Margarita , Montoya Luis , Galeano Laila , Balaguera Alejandra , Carvajal Gloria
Published: October 2023

La producción de agua potable requiere de procesos que pueden generar impactos ambientales significativos. Si bien, es importante priorizar la solución de problemas de acceso a agua segura en comunidades vulnerables, es necesario garantizar que la implementación de estas soluciones no cause un alto impacto ambiental. De lo contrario, se podrían incumplir normativas futuras y afectar la sostenibilidad de la producción de agua potable. Por lo tanto, es vital encontrar un equilibrio entre la satisfacción de las necesidades de la población y la protección del medio ambiente, lo que asegurará un futuro sostenible y justo para todos. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada sobre la evaluación de la sostenibilidad de un sistema individual de potabilización de agua en comunidades rurales del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia), a través de una metodología simplificada de Análisis de Ciclo de vida (ACV), para la obtención de los datos, se identificaron los recursos consumidos y emisiones generadas durante las etapas de construcción y uso del sistema y posteriormente, se identificaron las actividades y/o etapas que más impactos generaron en la implementación del mismo y se encontró que los impactos ambientales más significativos están en primer lugar, en la etapa de transporte debido a la quema de combustibles fósiles que genera la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI); en segundo lugar, se tienen los impactos generados por la etapa de uso, compuesta por el agotamiento del recurso hídrico debido a la extracción del agua natural para su posterior tratamiento y el consumo de energía de los equipos que componen el sistema de higienización del agua, y por último, se tienen impactos por la utilización y disposición final de los residuos de filtros.
Sistema de monitoreo electrónico para la identificación de las fases del compostaje de los residuos orgánicos en la Universidad El Bosque
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Juan Sebastián , Romero Arias Ana María , Padilla Cochero José Luis , Díaz López Nicolás
Published: October 2023

Los residuos orgánicos generados por las actividades humanas tienen un gran impacto en el medio ambiente, ya que representan entre el 8% y el 10% de las emisiones globales de gases de efecto invernadero. Si no se manejan adecuadamente, estos residuos pueden causar graves problemas ambientales. Por lo cual, es importante gestionarlos adecuadamente, y existen diversas técnicas que pueden ayudar en este proceso. En este contexto, la ciudad de Bogotá enfrentó una crisis en la recolección de residuos en 2018, lo que demuestra la importancia de tomar medidas para gestionar adecuadamente los residuos orgánicos. El objetivo de este proyecto de investigación es optimizar los métodos existentes para la identificación de las fases del compostaje, de manera que se pueda producir un compost de alta calidad a partir de los residuos orgánicos generados por la Universidad El Bosque. Para lograr esto, se ha modelado un circuito de monitoreo en Proteus, basado en sensores de temperatura LM35 y amplificadores operacionales. Este circuito permite un control preciso y en tiempo real de la descomposición de los residuos, lo que garantiza la producción de compost de alta calidad. Uno de los mayores beneficios de este circuito de monitoreo es que proporciona una información precisa y en tiempo real sobre el estado del compostaje, lo que es esencial para garantizar una adecuada descomposición de los residuos y la producción de un compost rico en nutrientes. Los sensores de temperatura LM35 resultaron ser los óptimos, ya que ofrecen una forma precisa, automatizada y eficiente de identificar las fases del compostaje, junto con indicadores LED y amplificadores operacionales. El sistema de monitoreo es energéticamente eficiente y no requiere mucha energía para operar, lo que lo hace económico y fácil de implementar. Además, el sistema puede monitorear continuamente las fases del compost sin necesidad de una intervención manual constante, lo que es especialmente útil en grandes operaciones de compostaje. La implementación de este proyecto no solo permitirá producir un compost de alta calidad, sino que también es una oportunidad para sensibilizar a la comunidad universitaria sobre la importancia de gestionar adecuadamente los residuos y reducir su impacto ambiental negativo. Finalmente, este proyecto demuestra que la tecnología puede ser una herramienta muy útil para enfrentar los desafíos ambientales actuales, y que es posible encontrar soluciones innovadoras y eficientes para mejorar la gestión de los residuos orgánicos.
Ways of integrating clip thinking phenomenon into the process of foreign language teaching in higher education institutions
Authors: Pasichnyk O.
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to identifying the essence of the phenomenon of “clip thinking” of students as a new cognitive reality in the modern information-driven environment. The author presents the features and key prerequisites for the emergence of the phenomenon and analyzes its main positive and negative characteristics. In the context of foreign language learning, “clip thinking” may cause certain cognitive difficulties in the selection of the main aspects of long scientific and technical texts, retelling, monologue speech, or mastering certain grammatical topics.

Educators, in their professional activity, should take into account the specifics of information assimilation by modern youth, which requires rethinking educational policy and searching for innovative didactic tools. One of the approaches aimed at integrating clip thinking into the process of foreign language learning is the method of visualization which promotes quick and efficient assimilation of the material and increases the efficiency of the educational process by taking into account the distinctive features of modern youthʼs thinking patterns. In this regard, the task of the teacher is to create and use visualization that not only complements verbal information but also acts as its carrier, which contains the elements of problematic nature and minimizes the negative effects of clip thinking.

The article outlines the basic principles of infographics implementation in the process of foreign language acquisition in higher education institutions. It was found that its use optimizes the educational process, ensures its dynamism and stimulates the cognitive effect, helps to increase the motivation of “visual” students, and makes learning more meaningful. Infographics help students to interact continuously with educational content and to gain more in-depth visual information analysis and comprehension skills. The article specifies the use of mind maps as another form of visual data representation that contributes to the learning of lexical and grammatical material, analysis of professionally oriented texts, organizing information, and development of creative thinking. It is noted that the problem of training teachers to elaborate an interactive learning environment based on visual tools is a promising area for further scientific research.
Intercultural approach to foreign language learning as a factor of studentsʼ personal development in the process of foreign culture studying
Authors: Sarnovska N. , Rybinska Y. , Antonivska M.
Published: October 2023

Positive intercultural interaction and positive changes aggravate cross-cultural communication problems in modern society, caused by contradictions between the values and lifestyles of different peoples. In this regard, the search for ways to transform cultural diversity as a factor hindering intercultural dialogue into a means of mutual understanding and enrichment, into a tool for the development of a socially active and independent personality, capable of being a full-fledged participant in the dialogue of cultures, is becoming more relevant in education. The purpose of the article is to compare the functions of speech activity and culture and show their close relationship; to demonstrate that the methodological meaning of this unity is that speech acts cannot be learned in isolation from culture, and intercultural learning is not just interaction with another culture, but the cultural development of the learner; to consider the intercultural approach peculiarity in learning a foreign language through cognition, evaluation, and comparison of the native culture with the culture of the nation whose language is studied. The research methodology consists of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, which considers the basic principles, concepts, approaches to culture, and universal and cultural features in teaching foreign languages; synthesis of modern theoristsʼ views, to demonstrate the importance of the intercultural approach in language learning and personality development. The authors consider the process of joint learning of language and culture, which involves not only the formation of intercultural competence as one of the results of language learning but also the acquisition of a linguistic and cultural picture of the world as the content of this process, as well as the formation of other competencies, abilities, and qualities of a multilingual, multicultural personality. The process of learning a foreign language can be seen as a unique potential for personal development. It is not only about the development of intellectual qualities that allow one to penetrate the mental space of people of a foreign culture and overcome their cultural isolation, but also about the rooting of value and semantic orientations that contribute to the successful self-realization of modern youth as cultural subjects in a multicultural space.
Aplicativo “Minha hortinha”: tecnologia assistiva no ensino de Ciências Ambientais
Authors: Ribeiro José Macio Rodrigues , Schmitt Jairo Lizandro , Santana Otacílio Antunes , Costa Valéria Sandra de Oliveira
Published: October 2023

A inclusão educacional vem superando barreiras diante do desafio de alcançar uma educação de igualdade para todos. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um aplicativo como ferramenta de tecnologia assistiva no ensino de Ciências Ambientais, esta pesquisa encontra em seu caminho diversas formas de reflexão sobre a educação, especialmente no Ensino de Ciências Ambientais, passando por alguns temas para alcançar a utopia que é a inclusão dos estudantes da educação inclusiva na escola de forma cooperativa, tendo o manejo de recursos naturais envolvidos numa horta, com atividades voltadas a ações sustentáveis para melhoria do ambiente em que vivem e do seu bem estar. A partir de uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, o aplicativo “Minha hortinha” desenvolvido na plataforma Fábrica de Aplicativos disponibiliza conteúdo e interatividade sobre horta, reciclagem, economia de água, alfabetização e inclusão. E uma vez que a educação inclusiva nas escolas tem sido um desafio para os professores, que em sua maioria tem dificuldades de trabalhar com os estudantes com transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, altas habilidades e deficiências, com uma limitação de ferramentas digitais, o aplicativo traz de forma interdisciplinar atividades adaptadas para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental - Anos iniciais que fazem parte da inclusão, com foco no ensino de Ciências Ambientais, entretanto, podem-se trabalhar outros componentes curriculares, promovendo um ensino de forma integrada.
Sistema Automatizado para Determinação de Teor de Umidade do Solo por Micro-ondas
Authors: DE BRITO GILMAR GONCALVES , Junior Meuse de Nogueira Nogueira , Coutinho Roberto Quental
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo é apresentado o desenvolvimento de um sistema para determinação do teor de umidade do solo. Um forno de micro-ondas foi modificado com a introdução de um módulo de célula de carga e um módulo microprocessado Arduino, de forma a permitir a captura das medidas de massa. Todo o sistema é controlado e monitorado por um software instalado em um computador, sendo possível a geração de dados gravimétricos das amostras de solo, de modo a se detectar o patamar de massa mínima (massa do solo seco). Para os testes de avaliação do sistema, foram utilizados diferentes tipos de solo, sendo a verificação da precisão dos dados comparados ao método padrão de estufa. Os resultados preliminares demonstraram que o sistema para a determinação de umidade do solo foi capaz de traçar curvas dos padrões de evaporação da água durante o processo de desumidificação, tonando possível a inferência sobre o comportamento das amostras em análise. Estas informações reforçam a ideia da identidade do solo em função das características químicas e estruturais e apontam que essas curvas de saídas de água podem ser usadas como “assinaturas” do tipo e características do solo sob análise e vem acrescentar informações relevantes as áreas de geociências. Além disso, o sistema desenvolvido representa um método rápido, prático, preciso e de baixo custo, sendo uma alternativa acessível para uso em laboratórios.   Palavras-chave: gravimetria, determinação do teor de umidade, caracterização geotécnica.
Levantamento Florístico do Parque Estadual Botânico do Ceará, Caucaia-CE
Authors: Araujo Raianna Oliveira , Lima Yasmin Chagas , Pinheiro Lucas Farias , Sampaio Valéria da Silva , Lucena Eliseu Marlonio Pereira de
Published: October 2023

O Parque Estadual Botânico do Ceará é uma Unidade de Conservação de Proteção Integral criado para a recuperação e manutenção de áreas preservadas do Complexo Vegetacional da Zona Litorânea. O presente trabalho objetivou registrar as espécies de angiospermas presentes na área. O levantamento ocorreu a partir de coletas em campo e materiais registrados em herbário. As coletas ocorreram no período de maio/2018 a abril/2019, pelo método de caminhamento nas estações seca e chuvosa nas áreas de visitação e trilhas. Foram levantadas 292 espécies distribuídas em 192 gêneros e 72 famílias. As famílias mais ricas foram: Fabaceae (51 spp.), Rubiaceae (24 spp.), Malvaceae (20 spp.), Poaceae (16 spp.), Asteraceae (14 spp.), Convolvulaceae (11 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (10 spp.), Cyperaceae (nove spp.), Turneraceae (oito spp.), Bignoniaceae e Boraginaceae (sete spp. cada), Myrtaceae e Solanaceae (seis spp. cada), somando cerca de 64,72% da flora amostrada. Dentre o total de espécies 92,80% são nativas, 26,36% são endêmicas do Brasil e 5,82% exóticas. O hábito mais representativo foi o herbáceo (29,79%), arbustivo (25,68%), subarbustivo (16,78%), trepadeiras (14,38%), arbóreo (12,67%) e palmeiras (0,68%). Das espécies levantadas, duas são consideradas novas ocorrências para o Estado do Ceará. Verificou-se a presença de 14 spp. na Lista Vermelha do Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora e 66 spp. na Lista Vermelha da União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza. Podemos concluir que esta Unidade de Conservação possui grande diversidade vegetal, com rica flora nativa, revelando uma área de importância biológica para manutenção da biodiversidade do litoral cearense.
Uso de Laser Scanner Terrestre para Estimativa de Biomassa Acima do Solo em Floresta Tropical Sazonalmente Seca
Authors: Carvalho Herica Fernanda de Sousa , Moura Magna Soelma Beserra de , Silva Thieres George Freire da , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano , Antonino Antonio Celso Dantas , Menezes Rômulo Simões Cezar , Santos Cloves Vilas Boas dos , Miranda Rodrigo de Queiroga , Nóbrega Rodolfo Luiz Bezerra
Published: October 2023

Parâmetros estruturais da vegetação e quantificação de biomassa acima do solo (AGB) são importantes no monitoramento florestal para compreensão do ciclo vital dos ecossistemas. Em florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas como a caatinga, essa atividade é ainda mais desafiadora. Como alternativa aos métodos tradicionais, foi investigada a viabilidade do uso do Laser Scanner Terrestrial (TLS) na medição de parâmetros estruturais das plantas e na estimativa da biomassa acima do solo. O estudo foi realizado em uma área de caatinga no município de Petrolina, PE, Brasil, na qual foram selecionadas três subáreas experimentais para obtenção de medidas, corte e pesagem de plantas com diâmetro base maior que 2,5 cm, totalizando 97 plantas. Realizaram-se varreduras com a tecnologia Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) utilizando o TLS para obtenção de uma nuvem de pontos tridimensional. Os dados medidos em campo e estimados foram correlacionados apresentando coeficientes de correlação (r2) de 0,80 e 0,39 para altura da planta e altura da copa, respectivamente. As medidas de diâmetro do tronco e nas alturas de 40 cm e 130 cm apresentaram r2 de 0,79; 0,78; 0,76, respectivamente. Foram geradas novas equações alométricas do tipo exponencial utilizando variáveis de entrada obtidas em campo e por meio de TLS, com destaque para o produto entre altura da planta e diâmetro do tronco medido a 40 cm de altura. Esses resultados comprovam a viabilidade e potencial do uso do LiDAR-TLS em florestas seca como a caatinga, enfatizando a necessidade de aprofundar abordagens, ferramentas e técnicas utilizando essa tecnologia ao longo do ano, a fim de detectar as variações ocorridas em função da senescência, e assim, do ciclo de carbono.
Flora of the Spix and Martius expedition in Piauí: a 200 year later parallel
Authors: De Sá Antonia Alikaene , De Sousa Antonio Reis , De Abreu Maria Carolina , Santos Filho Francisco Soares Soares
Published: October 2023

The floristic composition of a place can be changed by human actions, such as agricultural activities, farming, and construction and by natural factors, such as soil type, phenology, and fires. This study recorded the current flora of the region traveled by J. B. von Spix and C. F. P. von Martius in Piauí state, Brazil, comparing the data with species from the same region described in the Flora Brasiliensis. Data were collected in May 2019. A total of 157 species belonging to 113 genera and 36 families were catalogued. The presence of endemic species from the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes and the first occurrence of Chorchorus hirtus L. in the state were recorded. In the Flora Brasiliensis, 166 species, 107 genera, and 38 families were listed for Piauí. When comparing the species recorded in Flora Brasiliensis with the survey carried out in this study, 200 years later, at a family level, Fabaceae, Poaceae, and Malvaceae had the largest number of species, but the listed species did not show high correlation. It is believed that mainly environmental changes, such as reduction of areas with aquatic vegetation, growth of cities, and anthropogenic actions, such as deforestation in the area covered by the European researchers are reasons for the discrepancy in the listed flora.