bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing highly reversible Li–CO2 batteries: from on-chip exploration to practical application
Authors: Wang Manman , Yang Kai , Ji Yuchen , Liao Xiaobin , Zhang Guangpeng , Masteghin Mateus G. , Peng Nianhua , Richheimer Filipe , Li Huanxin , Wang Jianan , Liu Xinhua , Yang Shichun , Petrucco Enrico , Shearing Paul , Castro Fernando A. , Silva S. Ravi P. , Zhao Yan , Pan Feng , Zhao Yunlong
Published: July 2023

A versatile on-chip electrochemical testing platform enables simultaneous catalyst screening and in situ analysis of chemical composition and morphological evolution of reaction products in Li–CO2 batteries, further guiding practical applications.
Vanishing tails and a resilient mesophase: columnar liquid crystals in the limit of short tails
Authors: Guragain Parikshit , Powers Mitchell , Portman John , Ellman Brett , Twieg Robert J.
Published: July 2023

We present discotic liquid crystals consisting of fluorinated triphenylene with unusually short tails, including mere methoxy or ethoxy tails. Understanding these short-tailed liquid crystals may lead to new applications for discotic liquid crystals.
Untargeted metabolomics and phenotype data indicate the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of Lysimachia candida Lindl. towards high-fat high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in rats
Authors: Alam Md Jahangir , Kamboj Parul , Sarkar Soumalya , Gupta Sonu Kumar , Kasarla Siva Swapna , Bajpai Sneh , Kumari Deepika , Bisht Neema , Barge Sagar Ramrao , Kashyap Bhaswati , Deka Barsha , Bharadwaj Simanta , Rahman Seydur , Dutta Partha Pratim , Borah Jagat C. , Talukdar Narayan Chandra , Kumar Yashwant , Banerjee Sanjay K
Published: July 2023

The therapeutic potential of Lysimachia candida Lindl. against metabolic syndrome in SD rats.
Dual application of a fluorene-based switch-on chemosensor for mercury and glutathione sensing in water: analyte-recognition-triggered self-assembly
Authors: Basak Megha , Das Gopal
Published: July 2023

A bifunctional fluorene-based probe shows selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ and GSH separately amidst competitive cations and amino acids, along with a morphological transformation, suggesting analyte-influenced aggregation-induced emission.
The origin of the voltage dependence of conductance blockades from DNA translocation through solid-state nanopores
Authors: Zhang Yin , Lian Xiang , Si Wei , Sha Jingjie , Chen Yunfei
Published: July 2023

Conductance blockades from DNA translocation through nanopores intriguingly depend on applied voltage due to DNA enhanced EOF and ICP.
Blood–brain barrier lesion – a novel determinant of autonomic imbalance in heart failure and the effects of exercise training
Authors: Raquel Hiviny de Ataides , Pérego Sany M. , Masson Gustavo S. , Jensen Leonardo , Colquhoun Alison , Michelini Lisete C.
Published: July 2023

Heart failure (HF) is characterized by reduced ventricular function, compensatory activation of neurohormonal mechanisms and marked autonomic imbalance. Exercise training (T) is effective to reduce neurohormonal activation but the mechanism underlying the autonomic dysfunction remains elusive. Knowing that blood–brain barrier (BBB) lesion contributes to autonomic imbalance, we sought now to investigate its involvement in HF- and exercise-induced changes of autonomic control. Wistar rats submitted to coronary artery ligation or SHAM surgery were assigned to T or sedentary (S) protocol for 8 weeks. After hemodynamic/autonomic recordings and evaluation of BBB permeability, brains were harvesting for ultrastructural analysis of BBB constituents, measurement of vesicles trafficking and tight junction’s (TJ) tightness across the BBB (transmission electron microscopy) and caveolin-1 and claudin-5 immunofluorescence within autonomic brain areas. HF-S rats versus SHAM-S exhibited reduced blood pressure, augmented vasomotor sympathetic activity, increased pressure and reduced heart rate variability, and, depressed reflex sensitivity. HF-S also presented increased caveolin-1 expression, augmented vesicle trafficking and a weak TJ (reduced TJ extension/capillary border), which determined increased BBB permeability. In contrast, exercise restored BBB permeability, reduced caveolin-1 content, normalized vesicles counting/capillary, augmented claudin-5 expression, increased TJ tightness and selectivity simultaneously with the normalization of both blood pressure and autonomic balance. Data indicate that BBB dysfunction within autonomic nuclei (increased transcytosis and weak TJ allowing entrance of plasma constituents into the brain parenchyma) underlies the autonomic imbalance in HF. Data also disclose that exercise training corrects both transcytosis and paracellular transport and improves autonomic control even in the persistence of cardiac dysfunction.
Studies on plasma‐activated perilla seed oil: Diagnosis, optimisation, and validation of reactive species
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Liu Jun , Li Quanxin , Li Lian , Li Shanrui , Ding Yunhan , Zhao Tong , Sun Ying , Zhang Yuantao
Published: July 2023

Recently, the applications of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in liquid treatment have attracted increasing attention owing to its excellent medical efficacy. It has been proved that CAP can effectively enhance the biological activity of vegetable oils due to the generation of reactive species. Optimising the reactor parameter is an important approach to regulate reactive species in plasma‐activated oil to obtain better biological effects. In this study, a self‐made jet array driven by a pulsed power supply was used to generate large‐area plasma to irradiate perilla seed oil (PSO), with the formation of plasma‐activated perilla seed oil (PAPSO). By means of laser‐induced fluorescence and chemical titration, the relative density of hydroxyl radical radical in plasma jet, as well as the activity of PAPSO were measured under different discharge parameters, and realised the control of the activity of PAPSO. In vitro experiments showed that PAPSO significantly enhanced its ability to inhibit cancer cells proliferation and induce apoptosis after plasma treatment, which provides a reference for cancer treatment. This study is helpful to further understand the influence of plasma dose effect on the activity of media and provide guidance for related plasma medical applications.
Long‐time coherent integration for radar detection of manoeuvring targets based on accurate range evolution model
Authors: Xu Zeyu , Zhou Gongjian
Published: July 2023

Long‐time coherent integration (LTCI) is one of the most effective approaches to enhance radar detection ability of weak targets. The existing LTCI methods generally assume that the target motion satisfies polynomial models in range coordinates. However, it may be hard to provide precise description of common target motions, especially manoeuvring motions, using a polynomial with finite terms. In this study, LTCI for radar detection of weak manoeuvring targets is investigated. The range evolution rules over time are derived and employed to formulate the target signal for two common manoeuvring motions, constant acceleration (CA) and constant turn (CT) motions in Cartesian coordinates. Aiming at realising accurate energy accumulation and improving detection performance of CA and CT targets, two LTCI algorithms based on the derived range evolution model are proposed. By extracting target signal and compensating for phase fluctuation between samples in accordance with the accurate range evolution model, the coherent accumulation of target signal can be effectively accomplished, eliminating the complex range and Doppler frequency migration effects simultaneously. The use of accurate range evolution model guarantees effective energy integration regardless of target manoeuvrability and integration time as long as the target performs CA or CT motion. Moreover, more information of target kinematic characteristics such as target acceleration and turn rate, additional to range and Doppler, can be observed. Simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

The cover image is based on the Research Article Long‐time coherent integration for radar detection of manoeuvring targets based on accurate range evolution model by Zeyu Xu et al., https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12445.
Spacecraft VLBI tracking to enhance stellar occultations astrometry of planetary satellites
Authors: Fayolle M. , Lainey V. , Dirkx D. , Gurvits L. I. , Cimo G. , Bolton S. J.
Published: July 2023

Context.Stellar occultations currently provide the most accurate ground-based measurements of the positions of natural satellites (down to a few kilometres for the Galilean moons). However, when using these observations in the calculation of satellite ephemerides, the uncertainty in the planetary ephemerides dominates the error budget of the occultation.

Aims.We quantify the local refinement in the central planet’s position achievable by performing Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) tracking of an in-system spacecraft temporally close to an occultation. We demonstrate the potential of using VLBI to enhance the science return of stellar occultations for satellite ephemerides.

Methods.We identified the most promising observation and tracking opportunities offered by the Juno spacecraft around Jupiter as perfect test cases, for which we ran simulations of our VLBI experiment.

Results.VLBI tracking at Juno’s perijove close to a stellar occultation locally (in time) reduces the uncertainty in Jupiter’s angular position in the sky to 250–400 m. This represents up to an order of magnitude improvement with respect to current solutions and is lower than the stellar occultation error, thus allowing the moon ephemeris solution to fully benefit from the observation.

Conclusions.Our simulations showed that the proposed tracking and observation experiment can efficiently use synergies between ground- and space-based observations to enhance the science return on both ends. The reduced error budget for stellar occultations indeed helps to improve the moons’ ephemerides, which in turn benefit planetary missions and their science products, such as the recently launched JUICE and upcoming Europa Clipper missions.
Retrieval of the dayside atmosphere of WASP-43b with CRIRES+
Authors: Lesjak F. , Nortmann L. , Yan F. , Cont D. , Reiners A. , Piskunov N. , Hatzes A. , Boldt-Christmas L. , Czesla S. , Heiter U. , Kochukhov O. , Lavail A. , Nagel E. , Rains A. D. , Rengel M. , Rodler F. , Seemann U. , Shulyak D.
Published: July 2023

Accurately estimating the C/O ratio of hot Jupiter atmospheres is a promising pathway towards understanding planet formation and migration, as well as the formation of clouds and the overall atmospheric composition. The atmosphere of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b has been extensively analysed using low-resolution observations with HST and Spitzer, but these previous observations did not cover the K band, which hosts prominent spectral features of major carbon-bearing species such as CO and CH4. As a result, the ability to establish precise constraints on the C/O ratio was limited. Moreover, the planet has not been studied at high spectral resolution, which can provide insights into the atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we present the first high-resolution dayside spectra of WASP-43b with the new CRIRES+ spectrograph. By observing the planet in the K band, we successfully detected the presence of CO and provide evidence for the existence of H2O using the cross-correlation method. This discovery represents the first direct detection of CO in the atmosphere of WASP-43b. Furthermore, we retrieved the temperature-pressure profile, abundances of CO and H2O, and a super-solar C/O ratio of 0.78 by applying a Bayesian retrieval framework to the data. Our findings also shed light on the atmospheric characteristics of WASP-43b. We found no evidence for a cloud deck on the dayside, and recovered a line broadening indicative of an equatorial super-rotation corresponding to a jet with a wind speed of ~5kms−1, matching the results of previous forward models and low-resolution atmospheric retrievals for this planet.
Green Infrastructure as a Factor in Ensuring Sustainable Development
Authors: Babich Anatoliy , Alkhanov Nasrudin , Baikhanov Adlan
Published: July 2023

Modern rates of urbanization have a negative impact on the natural objects of cities. In turn, residents expect high living standards. To cope with this contradiction allows the competent management of green infrastructure, which underlies the resilience of the city. It is important to note that not only the state is a participant in the development of the green infrastructure of the city. The researchers found that the active position of citizens also makes a significant contribution to its development. Therefore, reaching out to citizens, as well as increasing their interest in city issues, is an integral part of green infrastructure management. Under the influence of modern technologies, communication has changed in recent years. According to statistics, Russians spend an average of three hours a day on the Internet. In this regard, the management approach cannot remain unchanged: it is necessary to actively introduce new communication channels. Thus, in the field of management, the term e-governance (e-governance) has become popular, which implies the use of information and communication technologies in the management processes of the state. E-governance is directly related to the use of electronic devices that improve internal and external government relations, promote the economy and the efficient provision of services.
Environmental Pollution: Types, Causes and Consequences
Authors: Khasanova Satsita , Alieva Elina , Shemilkhanova Aishat
Published: July 2023

Environmental pollution is not a new phenomenon, but it remains the greatest global problem facing humanity and a major environmental cause of morbidity and mortality. Human activities related to urbanization, industrialization, mining and exploration are at the forefront of global environmental pollution. Both developed and developing countries share this burden, although awareness and stronger laws in developed countries have done more to protect their environment. Despite global attention to pollution, its impact is still being felt due to its severe long-term effects. The purpose of this work is to display the severity of the problem of environmental pollution, in particular, water pollution, air pollution, radioactive pollution, noise pollution. When writing the article, materials and methods obtained from the study of scientific papers were used. This study is further evidence that the pollution of our planet is one of the most pressing problems and that its solution should be in the first place, as the findings show that pollution affects the planet itself, people and their health, animals and much more.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Utility in Postpartum Patients
Authors: Akkanti Bindu , Salas De Armas Ismael A. , Sachedina Ayaaz K. , Sunny Jennifer M. , Ahmed Mahmoud Samy , Kaur Avaleen , Dinh Kha T. , Hussain Rahat , Kumar Sachin , Nathan Sriram , Jumean Marwan , Patel Manish K. , Akay Mehmet H. , Patel Jayeshkumar A. , Witz Barbi , Zaki John , Banjac Igor , Janowiak Lisa , Gregoric Igor D. , Kar Biswajit
Published: July 2023

Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used in many different populations, its use in pregnant or postpartum patients has not been widely studied. This article reviews the ECMO experience in this population at a large urban hospital. Electronic medical records for all pregnant or postpartum patients who required ECMO between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Data on clinical characteristics, outcomes, and complications were gathered. Comparisons between survivors and nonsurvivors were completed. Ten postpartum patients were identified. The patients presented as follows: four with cardiac arrest, one with a massive pulmonary embolism, three with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), one with combined ARDS and cardiogenic shock, and one with suspected amniotic embolism. Survival to decannulation was 70%, and survival to discharge was 60%. When comparing survivors vs. nonsurvivors, ECMO survivors tended to have shorter support times vs. nonsurvivors. Otherwise, no differences were noted in age, mechanical ventilation time, or length of stay. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was a common phenomenon in this patient cohort. After initiation of ECMO, elevated serum lactate levels, lower systolic blood pressure, and acute renal failure were predictors of mortality. In a single institution at a large metroplex, we present data regarding the use of ECMO in postpartum patients. ECMO can be successfully used in selected postpartum patients with severe cardiac or respiratory dysfunction. Multidisciplinary collaboration on a regular basis will streamline the ECMO referral in a timely manner. Furthermore, larger studies are indicated to understand the utility of ECMO in larger cohorts.
Anticoagulation Strategies in Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Weight-Based vs. Concentration-Based Approaches
Authors: Harnish Justine , Beyer Kevin , Collins Julie
Published: July 2023

Pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) require adequate anticoagulation to combat hemostatic activation. Heparin is used to bind and catalyze antithrombin III (ATIII) that works to inhibit clot formation. To dose heparin, a weight-based (WB) or patient-specific concentration-based (PSCB) method can be used. The WB protocol calculates the dose based on the patients’ weight and uses an activated clotting time (ACT) test to ensure anticoagulation. The ACT has limitations during CPB especially for pediatric patients who have immature hemostatic systems. The PSCB method predicts the patients’ response to heparin by projecting a heparin dose–response (HDR) curve. Some investigators have found benefit to using the PSCB method but further investigation into how well the HDR predicts the heparin response is needed. A literature review was conducted for studies that looked at heparin management strategies in pediatric CPB patients between 1992 and 2020. Articles that focused on pediatric physiology, heparin management strategies, and anticoagulation were included. Articles older than 1990 were excluded. The literature review highlights that utilizing the PSCB approach more adequately anticoagulated patients. The WB protocol was found to have several flaws due to its reliance on the ACT, especially in infants. The results show that further investigation is needed to understand why there is benefit to using the PSCB approach. Observing the association between the HDR curve and subsequent heparin concentrations could determine how accurately it predicts the patients’ response to heparin and why there is benefit to using this method.
Foreign languages in advertising: Theoretical implications for language-related IB research
Authors: Hornikx Jos , van Meurs Frank , Tenzer Helene
Published: July 2023

Given the multilingual nature of global business, language influences international business (IB) in almost all areas. IB scholars have studied the complex influence of language with manifold theoretical lenses, but have not systematically integrated linguistic theories. Aiming to broaden IB’s theoretical repertoire, we draw on a field that has integrated a rich array of linguistic theories with business perspectives: research on foreign languages in advertising. We review the theories linguists and advertising scholars have applied to their joint topic and apply content analysis to organize them in three theory clusters: ‘language as a symbol’, ‘language in the mind’, and ‘language as means of accommodation’. These theoretical lenses provide novel insights into the meanings and mechanisms of language, which open new avenues to scrutinize the role of language in IB. For example, theories on language as a symbol may add new perspectives to research on foreignness in IB or to emerging markets research. Theories on language in the mind can explain hurdles to the strategic use of language in foreign locations and support a more sophisticated view of translation in IB. Theories on language as a means of accommodation can advance research on cross-border legitimacy and on countercultural practices in IB.
Long-term predictions of turbulence by implicit U-Net enhanced Fourier neural operator
Authors: Li Zhijie , Peng Wenhui , Yuan Zelong , Wang Jianchun
Published: July 2023

Long-term predictions of nonlinear dynamics of three-dimensional (3D) turbulence are very challenging for machine learning approaches. In this paper, we propose an implicit U-Net enhanced Fourier neural operator (IU-FNO) for stable and efficient predictions on the long-term large-scale dynamics of turbulence. The IU-FNO model employs implicit recurrent Fourier layers for deeper network extension and incorporates the U-net network for the accurate prediction on small-scale flow structures. The model is systematically tested in large-eddy simulations of three types of 3D turbulence, including forced homogeneous isotropic turbulence, temporally evolving turbulent mixing layer, and decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The numerical simulations demonstrate that the IU-FNO model is more accurate than other FNO-based models, including vanilla FNO, implicit FNO (IFNO), and U-Net enhanced FNO (U-FNO), and dynamic Smagorinsky model (DSM) in predicting a variety of statistics, including the velocity spectrum, probability density functions of vorticity and velocity increments, and instantaneous spatial structures of flow field. Moreover, IU-FNO improves long-term stable predictions, which has not been achieved by the previous versions of FNO. Moreover, the proposed model is much faster than traditional large-eddy simulation with the DSM model and can be well generalized to the situations of higher Taylor–Reynolds numbers and unseen flow regime of decaying turbulence.
Nurse prescriber’s understanding of their antimicrobial stewardship role: a qualitative study
Authors: Lim Anecita Gigi , Marshall Dianne C. , Roberts Kenzie , Honey Michelle L. L.
Published: July 2023

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is an infectious disease threat to public health globally, and antimicrobial stewardship among healthcare professionals is one key way to address this potential problem. Registered nurse designated prescribers are the newest group of health professionals to gain prescribing authority in Aotearoa New Zealand, yet little is known about their understanding of their antimicrobial stewardship role. Aim The aim of this study was to explore registered nurse designated prescribers’ understanding of their antimicrobial stewardship role through their prescribing practices and approaches to clinical reasoning. Methods This exploratory descriptive qualitative study used individual semi-structured interviews with six registered nurse designated prescribers. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interviews. Results Four themes were identified: antibiotic prescribing practices and antimicrobial resistance; clinical indicators for prescribing antibiotics, with the sub-themes of history taking, presence of infection and bacterial versus viral infection; patient education; and safety and monitoring. These themes provide insight into registered nurse designated prescribers’ understanding of their antimicrobial stewardship role and prescribing of antibiotics. Discussion This research found that the registered nurse designated prescribers had an awareness of the importance of their antimicrobial stewardship role in relation to antibiotic prescribing and reducing antimicrobial resistance. Education about antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship for this professional group can be effective, but further research is needed to understand their ongoing educational needs.
Periodic decomposition picture for high-order harmonic generation in lattices with disordered dipoles
Authors: Zeng Ai-Wu , Bian Xue-Bin
Published: July 2023

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in disordered condensed matter is receiving increasing attention. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of numerous ultrafast phenomena remain unknown. On the one hand, the random variables increase the difficulty of modeling and calculations. On the other hand, the complexity introduced by the disorder severely restricts the analysis of electron dynamics and underlying mechanisms. Here we establish an analytical model on the lattice representation (or the Wannier basis) in the valance and conduction bands. The original and explicit form to describe interband transitions is obtained in periodic crystals. By introducing the disorder-to-periodicity decomposition (DPD) picture, this method can be extended to certain random and disordered lattices. The DPD approximation supported by the numerical result suggests a disorder-uncorrelation perspective for the ultrafast electron dynamics driven by the laser field.
Optimizing pre-carbonization temperature of sesame residue for hierarchical porous carbon materials in high-performance supercapacitor applications
Authors: Sun Tao , Yuan Xueqing , Liu Yuling , Ding Yigang , Fan Baoming , Liu Dong
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the sesame residue, a common biomass waste, was used as a precursor to synthesize N,O co-doped porous carbon materials via a simple pre-carbonization and KNO3 activation two-step strategy. The apparent morphology and supercapacitor performance of the obtained materials can be regulated by changing the pre-carbonization temperature (0 °C, 300 °C and 600 °C). The consequences demonstrate that a large number of C−C and C−O bonds in sesame residue undergo cleavage and form abundant pore structure at the pre-carbonization temperature of 300 °C. After KNO3 activation, the material has a moderate specific surface area (1073.4 m2 g−1) and affluent heteroatom content (N: 7.52 at%, O: 17.65 at%). As a result, the SS-300 electrode displays exceptional capacitive performance (specific capacitance up to 312.7 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and outstanding cyclic stability (capacitance retention reaching 98.3% at 10 A g−1 after 8000 charge–discharge cycles). Moreover, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled by SS-300 exhibits high energy densities in both 6 M KOH (4.58 Wh kg−1) and 1 M Na2SO4 (15.60 Wh kg−1), highlighting the potential of this material for energy storage applications.
Application of microneedles combined with dendritic cell-targeted nanovaccine delivery system in percutaneous immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Weng Jiaqi , Yang Jing , Wang Weiwei , Wen Jiaoli , Fang Min , Zheng Gensuo , Xie Jing , Zheng Xi , Feng Lili , Yan Qinying
Published: July 2023

This work aims at developing a strategy to activate the antigen-presenting cells to enhance the effect of immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) through the dissolving microneedle patch (DMNP). In present study, mannosylated chitosan (MCS) nanoparticles (NPs) were designed to target dendritic cells (DCs), and the immunotherapy effect was enhanced by the adjuvant Bacillus Calmette–Guerin polysaccharide (BCG-PSN), achieving the purpose of transdermal immunotherapy for TNBC. Vaccination studies with mice demonstrated that MCS NPs effectively induce DCs maturation in the tumor-draining lymph nodes to stimulate strong immune responses in TNBC. Overall, chitosan-based DMNPs with complex adjuvant constituted a new potent transdermal vaccine delivery platform capable of exploiting more DCs in the skin for effective immunization.
Superior piezoelectric performance of chemically synthesized transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures for self-powered flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Bhattacharya Didhiti , Mukherjee Shubhrasish , Mitra Rajib Kumar , Ray Samit Kumar
Published: July 2023

In addition to the superior electrical and optoelectronic attributes, ultrathin two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have evoked appreciable attention for their piezoelectric properties. In this study, we report, the piezoelectric characteristics of large area, chemically exfoliated TMDCs and their heterostructures for the first time, as verified by piezoelectric force microscopy measurements. Piezoelectric output voltage response of the MoS2-WSe2 heterostructure piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is enhanced by ∼47.5% if compared with WSe2 and ∼29% if compared to MoS2 PENG, attributed to large band offset induced by heterojunction formation. This allows the scalable fabrication of self-powered energy harvesting PENGs, which can overcome the various shortcomings of complicated synthesis processes, complex fabrication steps, low yield, and poor stability. The fabricated flexible, self-powered MoS2-WSe2 heterostructure nanogenerator exhibits piezoelectric output ∼46 mV under a strain of ∼0.66% yielding a power output ∼12.3 nW, which offers better performance than other two-dimensional material based piezoelectric devices and also reveals the ability of bio-mechanical energy harvesting. This cost effective approach to fabricate eco-friendly MoS
2
-WSe
2
based fatigue free, superior performance piezoelectric-nanogenerators can be utilized to evolve flexible energy harvesting devices and may also be attractive as a self-powered, smart wearable sensor devices.
Spectral instability of small-amplitude periodic waves of the electronic Euler–Poisson system
Authors: Noble Pascal , Miguel Rodrigues Luis , Sun Changzhen
Published: July 2023

The present work shows that essentially all small-amplitude periodic traveling waves of the electronic Euler–Poisson system are spectrally unstable. This instability is neither modulational nor co-periodic, and thus requires an unusual spectral analysis and, beyond specific computations, newly devised arguments. The growth rate with respect to the amplitude of the background waves is also provided when the instability occurs.
Data-driven modal analysis of nonlinear quantities in turbulent plasmas using multi-field singular value decomposition
Authors: Yatomi Go , Nakata Motoki , Sasaki Makoto
Published: July 2023

Nonlinear dynamics in the two-dimensional multi-component plasma turbulence described by the Hasegawa–Wakatani equation is investigated by using a data-driven modal analysis with the singular value decomposition (SVD). The conventional SVD is extended to ‘multi-field SVD’ which can decompose multiple turbulence fields simultaneously by a single set of orthonormal basis functions without imposing a priori scale separations. Then, in addition to the mode amplitude labeled by the singular value, the information on the phase relations in the nonlinear quantities such as a transport flux or a triad energy transfer is extracted in the mode space. Through applications to the two-dimensional plasma turbulence, it is revealed that the multi-field SVD can extract the dominant spatial structures for the turbulent transport and the nonlinear energy transfer, preserving the multi-scale nature of the original turbulent fields. It is also demonstrated that one can reduce the dimensionality or information using the multi-field SVD through comparisons with the conventional Fourier decomposition.
BCS–BEC crossover in a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi superfluid
Authors: Zhou Jing , Shi Tingting , Liu Xia-Ji , Hu Hui , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2023

We study the crossover from the Bardeen–Cooper–Shrieffer regime to the Bose–Einstein-condensation regime in an anisotropic trapped quantum gas of ultracold fermionic atoms. Using an effective two-dimensional Hamiltonian with renormalized interactions between atoms and dressed molecules, we extend the Gaussian pair fluctuation theory to quasi-two-dimensional systems. The equation of state, pair size and sound velocity as well as the convexity parameters of the Goldstone mode are investigated to show how Fermi superfluidity is affected by reduced dimensionality and Gaussian fluctuations at zero temperature in a wide range of crossover. We compare our results with the recent experiment of

6

L
i

atomic gases and find good agreements.
A Study of Twelve Potential Merger Candidate Contact Binary Systems
Authors: Wadhwa Surjit S. , Arbutina Bojan , Tothill Nick F. H. , Filipović Miroslav D. , De Horta Ain Y. , Petrović Jelena , Djurašević Gojko
Published: July 2023

Photometric observations and analysis of twelve previously poorly studied contact binary systems is presented. All show total eclipses and have extremely low mass ratios ranging from 0.072 to 0.15. Also, all show characteristics of orbital instability with mass ratios within the theoretical orbital instability range. Although none demonstrate a significant O’Connell effect at least nine of the systems have other indicators of increased chromospheric and magnetic activity.
Rubin Observatory LSST Stars Milky Way and Local Volume Star Clusters Roadmap
Authors: Usher Christopher , Dage Kristen C. , Girardi Léo , Barmby Pauline , Bonatto Charles J. , Chies-Santos Ana L. , Clarkson William I. , Camus Matias Gómez , Hartmann Eduardo A. , Ferguson Annette M. N. , Pieres Adriano , Prisinzano Loredana , Rhode Katherine L. , Rich R. Michael , Ripepi Vincenzo , Santiago Basilio , Stassun Keivan G. , Street R. A. , Szabó Róbert , Venuti Laura , Zaggia Simone , Canossa Marco , Floriano Pedro , Lopes Pedro , Miranda Nicole L. , Oliveira Raphael A. P. , Reina-Campos Marta , Roman-Lopes A. , Sobeck Jennifer
Published: July 2023

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will undertake the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, providing an unprecedented, volume-limited catalog of star clusters in the Southern Sky, including Galactic and extragalactic star clusters. The Star Clusters subgroup of the Stars, Milky Way and Local Volume Working Group has identified key areas where Rubin Observatory will enable significant progress in star cluster research. This roadmap represents our science cases and preparation for studies of all kinds of star clusters from the Milky Way out to distances of tens of megaparsecs.
Anisotropic optical and electric properties of β-gallium oxide
Authors: Zhang Yonghui , Xing Fei
Published: July 2023

The anisotropic properties and applications of β-gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) are comprehensively reviewed. All the anisotropic properties are essentially resulted from the anisotropic crystal structure. The process flow of how to exfoliate nanoflakes from bulk material is introduced. Anisotropic optical properties, including optical bandgap, Raman and photoluminescence characters are comprehensively reviewed. Three measurement configurations of angle-resolved polarized Raman spectra (ARPRS) are reviewed, with Raman intensity formulas calculated with Raman tensor elements. The method to obtain the Raman tensor elements of phonon modes through experimental fitting is also introduced. In addition, the anisotropy in electron mobility and affinity are discussed. The applications, especially polarization photodetectors, based on β-Ga2O3 were summarized comprehensively. Three kinds of polarization detection mechanisms based on material dichroism, 1D morphology and metal-grids are discussed in-depth. This review paper provides a framework for anisotropic optical and electric properties of β-Ga2O3, as well as the applications based on these characters, and is expected to lead to a wider discussion on this topic.
2.83-kV double-layered NiO/β-Ga2O3 vertical p-n heterojunction diode with a power figure-of-merit of 5.98 GW/cm2
Authors: Han Tingting , Wang Yuangang , Lv Yuanjie , Dun Shaobo , Liu Hongyu , Bu Aimin , Feng Zhihong
Published: July 2023

This work demonstrates high-performance NiO/β-Ga2O3 vertical heterojunction diodes (HJDs) with double-layer junction termination extension (DL-JTE) consisting of two p-typed NiO layers with varied lengths. The bottom 60-nm p-NiO layer fully covers the β-Ga2O3 wafer, while the geometry of the upper 60-nm p-NiO layer is 10 μm larger than the square anode electrode. Compared with a single-layer JTE, the electric field concentration is inhibited by double-layer JTE structure effectively, resulting in the breakdown voltage being improved from 2020 to 2830 V. Moreover, double p-typed NiO layers allow more holes into the Ga2O3 drift layer to reduce drift resistance. The specific on-resistance is reduced from 1.93 to 1.34 mΩ·cm2. The device with DL-JTE shows a power figure-of-merit (PFOM) of 5.98 GW/cm2, which is 2.8 times larger than that of the conventional single-layer JTE structure. These results indicate that the double-layer JTE structure provides a viable way of fabricating high-performance Ga2O3 HJDs.
Surface plasmon assisted high-performance photodetectors based on hybrid TiO2@GaOxNy-Ag heterostructure
Authors: Tao Jiajia , Zeng Guang , Li Xiaoxi , Gu Yang , Liu Wenjun , Zhang David Wei , Lu Hongliang
Published: July 2023

In this work, we reported a high-performance-based ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) photodetector based on a TiO2@GaOxNy-Ag heterostructure. Ag particles were introduced into TiO2@GaOxNy to enhance the visible light detection performance of the heterojunction device. At 380 nm, the responsivity and detectivity of TiO2@GaOxNy-Ag were 0.94 A/W and 4.79 × 109 Jones, respectively, and they increased to 2.86 A/W and 7.96 × 1010 Jones at 580 nm. The rise and fall times of the response were 0.19/0.23 and 0.50/0.57 s, respectively. Uniquely, at 580 nm, the responsivity of fabricated devices is one to four orders of magnitude higher than that of the photodetectors based on TiO2, Ga2O3, and other heterojunctions. The excellent optoelectronic characteristics of the TiO2@GaOxNy-Ag heterojunction device could be mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of the type-Ⅱ band structure of the metal–semiconductor–metal heterojunction and the plasmon resonance effect of Ag, which not only effectively promotes the separation of photogenerated carriers but also reduces the recombination rate. It is further illuminated by finite difference time domain method (FDTD) simulation and photoelectric measurements. The TiO2@GaOxNy-Ag arrays with high-efficiency detection are suitable candidates for applications in energy-saving communication, imaging, and sensing networks.
Evaluation of toxicity assay of the methanolic extract of oleander leaves against fall armyworm
Authors: Subakti Putri S N , Susanto A , Bari I N
Published: July 2023

Oleander (Nerium oleander L.) is a shrubbery plant with various functions as an ornamental, medicinal, bio-fungicide, and bio-insecticide. The study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity assay of methanolic extract of oleander leaves on fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith). The study was conducted in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) for upper and lower concentrations. The upper and lower concentrations’ results were calculated to find the intervals and then used to determine the Lethal Concentration (LC) with four repetitions using probit analysis. In addition, the mortality, food, and weight were calculated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that concentration interval values from the lower limit to the high of the extract of methanol oleander leaves were: 0.23%; 0.32%; 0.45%; 0.63%; and 0.88%. The probit analysis showed that the toxicity of oleander extract concentrations at 48 Hours after Treatment (HAT) was LC50 by 0.86% and LC95 by 2.42%. The lethal concentration on the last day (D-20) of LC50 and LC95 was 0.54% and 1.76%, respectively. During the 20 days of the observation period, fall armyworm larvae only consumed 162.36±13.48 mg of baby corn at the highest concentration (0.88%), compared to 665.47±22.60 mg at the control. The oleander extract also affected the larvae’s weight and time consumption. The resulting concentration of extracts of oleander methanol can be used to control fall armyworm larvae.
Trichoderma asperellum integrated with Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodioplodia pseudotheobromae applications increase its colonisation in cacao seedling tissues and suppression of leaf anthracnose disease
Authors: Rosmana A , Junaid M , Asman A , Hanum U L , Maulydia L , Yusuf K
Published: July 2023

Fusarium and Lasiodiplodia are fungal endophytes found frequently in cacao tissues. Their presence has suggested an increase endophytic Trichoderma asperellum’s ability to inhibit primary diseases. The research aims to evaluate the occurrence of T. asperellum in root, stem, and leaf cacao tissues after the plants were inoculated by F. decemcellulare, L. pseudotheobromae, and T. asperellum. Also, at the same time to observe their impact on inhibiting leaf anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In plants treated with the combination of T. asperellum and F. decemcellulare at 30 days post-inoculation, colonisation of T. asperellum was four to 68 times higher than that of T. asperellum alone. Whereas when combined with L. pseudotheobromae, the colonisation was 4 to 68 times higher. T. asperellum, F. decemcellulare, and L. theobromae self-applied could decrease the incidence and severity of anthracnose disease. However, the highest decrease was observed in plants treated notably by the combination of T. asperellum and F. decemcellulare. This data demonstrated that the presence of T. asperellum in plant tissues was supported by other endophytic fungi, which increased its capability to suppress the disease of cacao.
The agronomic performance of ratoon and modified ratoon salibu in the multi-canopy rice cultivation system
Authors: Simarmata M J , Junaedi A , Purnamawati H , Lubis I
Published: July 2023

The use of multi-canopy technology by intercropping and modified ratoon techniques called “salibu” in rice cultivation is expected to have the benefit the increasing yield potency through a vertical harvesting area and cropping index. The purpose of this study was to investigate rice growth and production by the modified ratoon salibu on a multi-canopy cropping system. The multi-canopy was performed by planting a short variety (Inpari 33 and Inpari 43) intercrop with a tall variety (IPB 9G). The short varieties were transplanted with growing space 4:1 with a distance of 30 to 15 cm, and the tall type was transplanted in between rows. After the main-crops were harvested, conventional and modified ratoon salibu were conducted and observed on growth and production. The performance of multi-canopy showed a higher yield compared to that of monoculture. The modified ratoon salibu technique was better than the conventional ratoon in most of the morphological and physiological traits, as well as for grain yield. Utilizing taller rice as intercropping for multi-canopy combined with modified ratoon salibu could be recommended for gaining the benefit of the cropping index as a land utilization strategy.
Growth performances of maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) in the legowo row system applied with bokashi plus fertilizer on marginal soils
Authors: Karimuna L , Halim  , Kilowasid L M H , Wijayanto T , Anti W O , Suharjo  , Asmin  , Wahid
Published: July 2023

The research aims to determine the growth response of maize intercropped with soybeans in a legowo row system with bokashi plus fertilizer on marginal land. It was carried out in Lamaeo Village, from May to August 2021, utilizing a randomized block design with a single factor and the dose of bokashi plus fertilizer, consisting of four levels, namely 0, 3, 6, and 9 t ha-1. Every therapy was replicated in four periods to obtain a total of 16 experimental plots. The legowo row system involved four rows of soybeans spaced 30 cm x 30 cm, with rows of corn spaced 120 cm x 40 cm. Plant height (cm), the number of leaves (strands), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (cm2), leaf area index (LAI), net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate were variables observed at 14, 28, 42, and 56 days after planting (DAP). The results of the research showed that bokashi plus fertilizer had a positive impact on the performance of corn intercropped with soybeans in the legowo row system on marginal land. The best outcome in terms of plant height, the number of leaves, stem diameter and leaf site were observed at 14, 28, 42, and 56 DAP, as well as leaf area index, net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate. The highest yields of corn and soybeans were obtained at a dose of 9 t ha-1, which amounted to 6.3 and 2.1 t ha-1, respectively, indicating better response on organic fertilizer.
Zeoponic formula for plant growth media for ornamental plants Aglaonema siam aurora and Anthurium crystallinum
Authors: Widjaja H , Hidayah A N , Suryaningtyas D T , Oktariani P , Suwardi
Published: July 2023

Plant growth media (PGM) play a crucial role in producing healthy and valuable ornamental plants. A good PGM has the suitable physical, chemical, and biological properties that can help realize the total growth and development potential of the plants. One PGM developed that meets these requirements is a zeoponic, made from zeolite, compost, and cocopeat as raw materials, and formulated specifically for ornamental plants. Ornamental plants are horticultural commodities with high economic value driven by fast-growing demand. However, a common problem in the cultivation of ornamental plants is the unwanted degradation in the appearance of the leaves, e.g., turning into pale and faded color. Hence, the application of an accurate dosage of macro and micro fertilizers on zeoponic ornamental plants can boost growth and enhance the aesthetic value of the plants. With this in mind, this study aimed to find the precise fertilizer formula, specially or even exclusively, for ornamental plants. The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely (1) plant species consisting of Aglaonema siam aurora and Anthurium crystallinum, and (2) fertilizer dosage consisting of different combinations of N, P, and K fertilizers as well as micro fertilizers. Test parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, leaf chlorophyll, and plant beauty. PGM analysis was carried out by measuring pH, EC, available-N, available-P, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable bases, organic-C, and micronutrients. This study showed that zeoponic with a dosage of 0.375 g/l NPK fertilizer was the best for Aglaonema siam aurora, while zeoponic with a dosage of 0.75 g/l of NPK fertilizer was the best for Anthurium crystallinum plants. The use of zeoponic media is highly recommended owing to its suitable chemical properties (e. g, neutral pH, favorable EC and CEC).
Planning for greenery under Light Rail Transit (LRT) in the section of Kelapa Gading North Jakarta
Authors: Riani Feby Parmita , Nasrullah Nizar
Published: July 2023

The high mobility of the population in Jakarta encourages the creation of mass transportation modes that can carry a large number of passengers at one time. One of them is the construction of LRT transportation that uses an elevated track. Due to limited land, the pillar of the elevated track was built in the ROW of the existing road. The case of Kelapa Gading LRT was the pillar of the LRT built in the median Boulevard Raya Road. This elevated tract produces an elongated space under the rail track. The space under the LRT track line has the potential to construct a green lane because the currently existing conditions were not planned well. So the purpose of this research was to develop a green lane plan under the LRT rail track by carrying out the concept of a green corridor which be able to maintain the quality of the environment, and able to improve visual quality, and can be beneficial for the community in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. In the proposed plan, the vegetation applied to the road sections such as the traffic island roundabout, U-Turn, and the space under the LRT line combines the use of vegetation to maintain environmental qualities, identify vegetation, plant which shows the road direction, and climate amelioration vegetation. Green technology planning is also proposed at the research site by applying a litter trap, raingarden, porous oncrete, eco-drainage, and solar power system for street lighting.