bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
মানবাধিকারের সর্বজনীন নীতি ও ইসলামের মানবাধিকার নীতি : একটি বিশ্লেষণ|Universal Principles of Human Rights and Islamic Human Rights Principles : An Analysis
Authors: Hossain Dr. Muhammad Rezaul
Published: June 2024

Islam has reinforced human rights since its inception by generating a sense of fraternity among people. For this reason, each and every Muslims must be careful about the human rights declared by Islam. Human rights have become a hotly debated issue in modern times. In the 19th century, the United Nations created the Human Rights Commission under its supervision and started working on the establishment of human rights. But later it is observed that even if the human rights principles adopted by the United Nations are not implemented, no rigorous measures are taken against the violations. Employing a comparative method, the article has reviewed the Islamic principles of human rights in juxtaposition of the universal principles of human rights declared by the United Nations and endeavored to determine the practical areas of human rights in an analytical manner. The article has substantiated that the concept of human rights in Islam is sustainable and pragmatic and more effective in practice. সারসংক্ষেপ : ইসলাম শুরু থেকেই মানুষের মধ্যে ভ্রাতৃত্ববোধ তৈরি করার মাধ্যমে মানবাধিকারকে সুসংহত করেছে। ফলে মুসলিম মাত্রই ইসলামের ঘোষিত মানবাধিকারের প্রতি যতœবান হওয়া আবশ্যক। আধুনিক সময়ে মানবাধিকার বহুলচর্চিত বিষয় হিসেবে পরিগণিত হয়েছে। ঊনবিংশ শতকে জাতিসংঘ তার তত্ত্বাবধানে মানবাধিকার কমিশন তৈরি করে মানবাধিকারের প্রতিষ্ঠায় কাজ শুরু করে। কিন্তু পরবর্তিতে দেখা যায়, জাতিসংঘের ঘোষিত মানবাধিকার নীতিমালা বাস্তবায়িত না হলেও তেমন কোনো সমস্যার মুখোমুখি হতে হয়না। প্রবন্ধটিতে তুলনামূলক পদ্ধতিতে মানবাধিকারের ইসলামী নীতিমালার পাশাপাশি জাতিসংঘ ঘোষিত সর্বজনীন মানবাধিকার নীতিমালার পর্যালোচনা করা হয়েছে এবং বিশ্লেষণমূলক পদ্ধতিতে মানবাধিকারের প্রায়োগিক ক্ষেত্রসমূহ নিরূপণ করার প্রচেষ্টা চালানো হয়েছে। প্রবন্ধের মাধ্যমে প্রমাণিত হয়েছে যে, ইসলামের মানবাধিকারের ধারণা টেকসই ও বাস্তব সম্মত এবং প্রায়োগিক দিক থেকে অধিক ফলপ্রসু।
শান্তিপূর্ণ সমাজ গঠনে ইহসান-এর চর্চা : ইসলামের আলোকে একটি পর্যালোচনা|The Practice of Ihsan in Building a Peaceful Society : A Review in the Light of Islam
Authors: Matubber Abdus Sabur
Published: June 2024

The highest peak of morality and aesthetics of human life is ‘Ihsan’. It is quite evident from the different statements in the Qur'an and Hadith (Prophetic Traditions) that Allah loves His ‘Muhsin’ servants, i.e. those who do good. If we look at the practical meaning of Ihsan, it can be comprehended that the essence of Ihsan is to treat others with the highest good behavior as the best creation and to perform a task as perfectly as possible. So the significance of Ihsan at every level of society is easily conceivable. Scrupulously considering this issue, the current article has portrayed the multi-dimensional practices of Ihsan in building a peaceful society. Following descriptive and analytical methods and specially in the light of Islamic directives, this write-up has endeavored to shed light on the areas of Ihsan towards different sections of the society, starting from individuals. It is quite evident from the article that there is no alternative to the practice of Ihsan prescribed by Islam in building a peaceful society. সারসংক্ষেপ : মানবজীবনের নৈতিকতা ও নান্দনিকতার সর্বোচ্চ চূড়া হলো ‘ইহসান’। কুরআন ও হাদীসের বিভিন্ন বক্তব্যের মাধ্যমে বোঝা যায় যে, আল্লাহ তাআলা তাঁর ‘মুহসিন’ বান্দা তথা ইহসানকারীদের পছন্দ করেন। ইহসানের ব্যবহারিক অর্থের দিকে খেয়াল করলে বোঝা যায়, সর্বোত্তম সৃষ্টি হিসেবে অন্যের প্রতি সর্বোচ্চ ভালো আচরণ এবং কোনো কাজ যথাসম্ভব নিখুঁতভাবে আঞ্জাম দেয়ার জন্য সচেষ্ট থাকাই ইহসানের মূল মর্ম। সুতরাং সমাজের প্রতিটি স্তরে ইহসানের প্রয়োজনীয়তার বিষয়টি সহজেই অনুমেয়। এ বিষয়টির দিকে লক্ষ্য রেখেই আলোচ্য প্রবন্ধে শান্তিপূর্ণ সমাজ গঠনে ইহসান- এর বহুমাত্রিক চর্চা সম্পর্কে আলোচনা উপস্থাপন করা হয়েছে। প্রবন্ধে বর্ণনামূলক ও বিশ্লেষণমূলক পদ্ধতির মাধ্যমে ইসলামী নির্দেশনার আলোকে ব্যক্তি থেকে শুরু করে সমাজের বিভিন্ন শ্রেণির প্রতি ইহসানের ক্ষেত্রগুলো তুলে ধরা হয়েছে। প্রবন্ধের মাধ্যমে এটা স্পষ্ট যে, শান্তিপূর্ণ সমাজ গঠনে ইসলাম নির্দেশিত ইহসান চর্চার কোনো বিকল্প নেই।
A Culture of Conversation: Faculty Talk as Meaningful Assessment of Learning Communities
Authors: Libby Garland , Kevin Kolkmeyer
Published: June 2024

We offer here a critical assessment of our experiences teaching in Kingsborough Community College's learning communities—in a descriptive, personal mode that echoes the frequent conversations we have together—to illuminate how official data fail to capture both important successes and failures and to model the kind of reflective, subjective assessment from a professorial perspective that we believe is vital for larger institutional decision making.
Constrained Multi-Agent Optimization with Unbounded Information Delay
Authors: Heid Sefan , Ramaswamy Arunselvan , Hüllermeier Eyke
Published: June 2024

A multi-agent system (MAS) consists of a group of agents that solve a common task through cooperation. Many problems arising in this setting can be formulated as distributed constrained optimization. In recent work, we considered the unconstrained version of the problem. In particular, we developed a theory to understand distributed gradient-based optimization methods, wherein the local (state) information is communicated via a lossy wireless network. A key contribution of the theory is that the information delay could be unbounded, however, it does not consider constraints. In this work, we present preliminary experimental results aimed towards extending the aforementioned work to the constrained setting. First, the constrained optimization problem is transformed into an unconstrained one using the penalty-based method. Then, we employ the distributed gradient approach from our previous work to solve the unconstrained optimization in a decentralized manner. The illustrative experiments are based on autonomous pattern formation tasks for robotic swarms. The (simulated) robots cooperate to form a specified pattern (line, circle), with the constraint that the distances between neighboring robots equal a given constant.
Siamese Networks for 1D Signal Identification
Authors: Schuetzke Jan , Benedix Alexander , Mikut Ralf , Reischl Markus
Published: June 2024

In material sciences, X-ray diffraction (XRD) or nuclear magnetic response (NMR) are methods to generate one-dimensional signals, describing intensities over an angle or a chemical shift. Each material has a characteristic profile and unknown samples are typically matched to known references. Automatic classification of one-dimensional signal patterns is a non-trivial task due to background noise and varying positions of measured intensities in identical probes. Convolutional Neural Networks prove to be particularly suitable, a limitation, though, is that adding new classes requires retraining. However, continuous discovery of new materials requires possibilities for easy classextension. Siamese Neural Networks are able to extend data set classes easily and are popular in the field of face recognition, where new faces are constantly added to the database of references. In this paper, we apply Siamese networks to one-dimensional XRD-data for the first time and discuss the opportunities and challenges as well as areas of application. We show that Siamese networks are well suited for the transfer between XRD datasets, achieving an accuracy of 99% for materials not present in the training dataset.
CAD2Real: Deep learning with domain randomization of CAD data for 3D pose estimation of electronic control unit housings
Authors: Bäuerle Simon , Barth Jonas , Tavares de Menezes Elton , Steimer Andreas , Mikut Ralf
Published: June 2024

Electronic control units (ECUs) are essential for many automobile components, e.g. engine, anti-lock braking system (ABS), steering and airbags. For some products, the 3D pose of each single ECU needs to be determined during series production. Deep learning approaches can not easily be applied to this problem, because labeled training data is not available in sufficient numbers. Thus, we train state-of-the-art artificial neural networks (ANNs) on purely synthetic training data, which is automatically created from a single CAD file. By randomizing parameters during rendering of training images, we enable inference on RGB images of a real sample part. In contrast to classic image processing approaches, this data-driven approach poses only few requirements regarding the measurement setup and transfers to related use cases with little development effort.
On the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 induced Pneumonia in X-Ray Thorax Images with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kurz Patrick , Kaufmann Paul , Kalkreuth Roman , Born Jannis , Klöcker Roman , Hahn Felix , Döllinger Felix , Auer Timo
Published: June 2024

SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious virus that can induce pulmonary complications like viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In order to support RT-PCR testing, chest X-rays are used to identify the presence of COVID-19 in lungs. Radiologists proficient in chest X-Ray (CXR) interpretation are scarce, motivating our work of examining the performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on this task. CNNs are the state-ofthe- art image classification method. In this work we classify X-rays into four classes (COVID-19, other lung opacity, other diseases and normal). We find, that MobileNetV1 is the best CNN for this task and achieve an overall accuracy of 70% and a COVID-19 accuracy of 83% on a test data set. By increasing the number of images of the unrestricted classes normal, lung opacity and other, the COVID-19 accuracy can be increased to 95% and the overall accuracy to 78%. We leverage model interpretability techniques and provide attention heatmaps that can assist in validating the model’s decision process.
Dilemma of Traditional Market Traders in the Era of Digital Transformation: Case Study at Wlingi Blitar Market
Authors: Murdiyanto Edi , Sudarmiatin Sudarmiatin
Published: June 2024

Traditional traders, especially clothing traders, have experienced a decline in sales amidst the development of modern markets and online sales. The research raised a case study in the Wlingi Blitar market, the largest market in the Blitar district, East Java. Research using a qualitative approach is presented descriptively, resources are obtained through in-depth interviews and also documenting, making observations, and using secondary data to obtain in-depth information so that a complete picture is obtained regarding the topic of traditional markets, modern markets, and digital transformation which has given rise to online sales. The research results stated that clothing traders experienced a decline in sales caused by the emergence of many modern shops in the Wlingi area and its surroundings and due to the rise of online sales. Some market sellers can transform sales digitally by selling their products online, but some traders need help to do this, so sales experience a decline.
Tosferina en una población indígena en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2022
Authors: Castro Ximena , Hernandez Londoño Carlos Alberto , Muñoz Lozada Claudia Marcela
Published: June 2024

Antecedentes. En marzo de 2022, en el municipio de Dibulla, fueron hospitalizados por síntomas respiratorios 11 niños indígenas procedentes de Taminaka; se desplegó el equipo de respuesta inmediata para caracterizar el brote de tosferina en el pueblo indígena, y recomendar medidas de control y prevención. Población y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de brote; se revisó la información de las historias clínicas, la notificación al sistema de vigilancia, la búsqueda activa institucional y comunitaria, y fueron realizadas autopsias verbales. Para la confirmación por laboratorio se utilizó una reacción de polimerasa en cadena. Se calcularon distribución de frecuencias, medidas de tendencia central, dispersión, tasas de ataque, incidencia, letalidad y comparación de medias para sexo usando la prueba de χ² (P<0.05). Resultados. Se identificaron 62 casos de tosferina, 14 por laboratorio y 48 por nexo epidemiológico. El 56.5% (35) se presentó en varones, con una mediana de edad de 2 años (rango intercuartilar: 0-5), se identificó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa por grupo de edad (P<0.05). El grupo etario más afectado fue el de 1 a 5 años, con el 46,7% (29) de los casos. El 40.3% (25) de los casos requirió hospitalización. El 94% (58) no tenía antecedentes de vacunación. La incidencia fue de 141.1 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes, la tasa de ataque fue del 4.3% (62/1440) y la letalidad fue del 16.1% (10/62).  Discusión.  Para evitar y contener brotes como estos es necesario fortalecer estrategias de servicios de salud y asegurar coberturas de vacunación en menores y gestantes.
Development of a Kick Stage and Trajectory Optimisation for Large Interplanetary Scientific Missions
Authors:   Conceptual Exploration Research, McKevitt James , Beegadhur Shayne ,   Conceptual Exploration Research, Bulla Sophie , Patadia Dhrumil , Finn Joshua
Published: June 2024

With SpaceX’s Starship heralding an era of high-capacity launch vehicles, large-scale scientific missions like the proposed Arcanum mission to Neptune are now feasible. However, traditional methods for initially estimating fuel masses, like the impulsive burn approximation, are wholly inadequate and cannot be used to create realistic initial design concepts. This paper provides an in-depth analysis using the General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) to assess the Oberth effect and various Earth Departure Stage (EDS) designs, exploring propulsion technologies from hypergolic to cryogenic. We consider factors like fuel boil-off and the implications of using Starship as a launch vehicle for delivery into parking orbits which can then be used for deep space trajectories. Our findings, including a performance comparison of different EDS designs and heuristic tips for optimising large-mass ejections, are valuable for mission planners. The study also demonstrates GMAT’s utility in combination with MATLAB in simulating realistic mission profiles. These results not only advance the Arcanum mission but also contribute broadly to deep space mission strategies. Keywords: Astrodynamics, Starship, Hypergolic, Cryogenic
SMART Monitoring computer program for oral and skin lesions measurements
Authors: Witt Pedro Senna , Zimmer Vithória Rabelo , Smiderle Fabiane , Grando Liliane Janete , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Caldas Ricardo Armini , Rabelo Gustavo Davi
Published: June 2024

Lesion evaluation through photographs is a common clinical practice and its performance using computational tools is encouraged. Objective: To assess the reliability of the computer program SMART Monitoring (SM) in giving adequate lesion measurements through clinical photography. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 28 patients diagnosed with oral or skin flat lesions. Each lesion was measured twice: clinically and by photographic image. Photographs were taken using a 3D-printed scale as a reference for SM measurements of the total lesional area (mm²) and the two longest axes (length and width) by two different operators. The agreement was evaluated between the axis’s measurements of the two operators with the clinic measurements by the Bland-Altman plot. Results: Both operators revealed excellent agreement (ICC=0.98) regarding measurements of the lesion’s axes and the total lesional area with no difference between operators. Comparison of the axes’ values from SM to clinical measurements were also not different (p=0.82 and p=0.43). The Bland-Altman plot revealed that most mean differences were within the 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: SMART Monitoring proved to be a reliable tool for measuring oral or skin flat lesions on clinical photographs, regarding length, width, and total area measurements. The values obtained using SMART Monitoring presented an excellent agreement with the clinical measurements.
Recomendações aos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Infantil sobre a utilização dos serviços de saúde bucal por crianças do espectro autista
Authors: Souza Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de , Lima Priscilla Dias Leite de , Herkrath Fernando José
Published: June 2024

Trata-se de nota técnica com recomendações para promover o uso dos serviços de saúde bucal por crianças do espectro autista atendidas em Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantil.
Solution-Focused Practices: Pick of the (Other) Papers 8/1
Authors: Żak Andreea M , Pakrosnis Rytis , McKergow Mark
Published: June 2024

Continuing what we hope will become a traditional section of the JSFP, for this issue we (Andreea Żak and Rytis Pakrosnis - European Brief Therapy Association (EBTA) Research Task Group members and Mark McKergow - JSFP editor) have selected seven papers recently published in other journals which we think are particularly interesting and useful for the establishment of the effectiveness of the solution-focused approach, understanding the process and providing recommendations for future practice and research.
Factors Predicting Surgical Site Infection in Older Adults Undergoing Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dangsri Papattranan , Monkong Supreeda , Roopsawang Inthira
Published: June 2024

Surgical site infection is a significant health problem among nosocomial infections, leading to post-operative mortality in surgical older adults. Identifying risk factors is essential in surgical care quality. This retrospective cohort study, conducted at a university hospital in Bangkok, rigorously examined the surgical site infection rate and its predictive factors in older adults undergoing abdominal surgery. The study employed convenience sampling to recruit 300 older adults who underwent abdominal surgery using the code of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and completion of electronic medical records between January 1 and December 31, 2020. The instruments used included the Demographic Characteristics Form, the Preoperative Clinical Characteristics Form, the Intraoperative Record Form, and the Post-operative Record Form. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis, ensuring a comprehensive and robust analysis of the risk factors for surgical site infection in older adults undergoing abdominal surgery.
The results of this study revealed that 63.25% of participants were female, with a mean age of 74.5 years. The surgical site infection rate was 12 per 100 patients, varying across anatomical locations and surgical procedures, ranging from 0.33% to 5.66%, with colon surgery being the most common. The study identified significant risk factors predicting surgical site infection, including comorbidities and obesity class 2, while the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status class 2 and 3 were identified as protective factors. These findings provide a powerful tool to screen patients at risk of surgical site infection in nursing practice, particularly with older adults undergoing colon surgery, and to prevent surgical site infection.
Un problema de salud pública: las heces fecales caninas y su peligro para los habitantes de la ciudad de Potosí
Authors: Vera Roberto Carlos , Delgado Janko Isabel , Villalpando Villavicencio Selen Carola , Salamanca Fílipps Fernando Aldhair , Subieta Cortez Victoria Guadalupe
Published: June 2024

En este transcurso de la pandemia del COVID-19, se evidencia que el incremento de loa animales callejeros principalmente los perros, que están vinculados directamente con población en general. Esta situación se convierten un panorama de análisis de la salud pública, donde se presentan diferentes enfermedades zoonoticas, las que se pueden transmitir de manera directa o indirectamente desde los animales a ser humano, principalmente por la exposición a las heces fecales de los perros, las cuales pueden producir distintas lesiones y/o infecciones que se transmiten por diferentes mecanismos de transporte, ya sea por contacto o por vía aérea, que influyen a los diferentes sentidos del ser humano. Por esta razón, el objetivo se concentra en analizar de manera cuantitativa la situación real de la contaminación que se genera por las heces fecales en las principales arterias de la ciudad de Potosí, que son un peligro para los seres humanos que habitan en esta capital. Donde se aplica una metodológica bibliográfica y descriptiva con un corte transversal, permitiendo analizar el grado de contaminación que tienen estas heces fecales. Los resultados evidencian el peligro a la salud pública que originan las heces fecales de los perros, en las principales plazas y mercados populares de esta ciudad. Finalmente, se dan los criterios oportunos para mitigar estos problemas que causan la proliferación de los perros en la ciudad capital de Potosí.
การทดสอบสมรรถนะหน้ากากอนามัยใช้ครั้งเดียวประเภทใช้ทางการแพทย์: คุณลักษณะทางฟิสิกส์
Authors: สิทธิพงศ์ ศรสวรรค์ , สิทธิพงศ์ ศิวะ , นิลจรัสวณิช ณัฐพงศ์ , พรนําพา ณัฐพล , สังขไพฑูรย์ ไพโรจน์ , มีงาม ชัยยุทธ
Published: June 2024

รายงานจากห้องปฏิบัติการนี้มีจุดประสงค์เพื่อแสดงวิธีการตรวจทดสอบหน้ากากอนามัยใช้ครั้งเดียว และรายงานผล ความสอดคล้องหรือไม่สอดคล้องในส่วนของ ลักษณะทั่วไป สมบัติการใช้งาน และคุณลักษณะทางฟิสิกส์ ตามข้อกําหนด มาตรฐานผลิตภัณฑ์อุตสาหกรรมหน้ากากอนามัยใช้ครั้งเดียว มอก.2424-2565 ซึ่งการทดสอบคุณลักษณะทางฟิสิกส์ อ้างอิงวิธีการทดสอบตาม ASTM F2100-21 ผลการทดสอบพบว่า หน้ากากตัวอย่างที่นํามาทดสอบมีค่าความแตกต่าง ความดัน 4 mmH2O/cm² และมีค่าความต้านการซึมผ่านของของเหลว (เลือดสังเคราะห์) ที่ความดันต่ำสุด 80 mmHg ส่วนการลามไฟถูกจัดให้อยู่ใน Class 1 ประสิทธิภาพการกรองอนุภาคและประสิทธิภาพการกรองแบคทีเรีย คือ 95.7% และ 97.6% ตามลําดับ ซึ่งคุณลักษณะทางฟิสิกส์นี้สอดคล้องตามเกณฑ์การทดสอบหน้ากากอนามัยใช้ครั้งเดียว ประเภท ใช้ทางการแพทย์ระดับที่ 1 สามารถนําไปทดสอบคุณลักษณะทางชีวภาพเพื่อยืนยันความสอดคล้องตามข้อกําหนดมาตรฐานผลิตภัณฑ์อุตสาหกรรม ส่วนข้อมูลการศึกษาสมบัติวัสดุและโครงสร้างของหน้ากากอนามัย ได้รายงานผลไว้ให้ผู้ผลิต สามารถนําไปวิเคราะห์ปรับปรุงพัฒนา ยกระดับมาตรฐานผลิตภัณฑ์ต่อไป
การตรวจสอบความใช้ได้ของวิธีสําหรับวิเคราะห์ปริมาณโลหะหนัก หลายชนิดในเวลาเดียวกัน (ปรอท แคดเมียม สารหนู และตะกั่ว) ที่ระดับความเข้มข้น ามากในใบกระท่อม
Authors: ศรีดารา ธาริณี , ดาวสุโข สายจิต , ทรัพย์แตง สุบงกช , สวนไธสง วีระ
Published: June 2024

การศึกษานี้เป็นการตรวจสอบความใช้ได้ของวิธีการวิเคราะห์ปริมาณโลหะหนักหลายชนิดในเวลาเดียวกัน ประกอบด้วย ปรอท แคดเมียม สารหนู และตะกั่ว ในใบกระท่อมที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำมาก (หนึ่งส่วนต่อพันล้าน, ppb) ด้วยเทคนิค อินดักทีฟลีคัพเพิลพลาสมา ออพติคอลอิมิสชั่นสเปกโทรสโกปี (ICP-OES) และกระบวนการย่อยและการเตรียมสารละลาย ตัวอย่างก่อนทําการวิเคราะห์ได้ดัดแปรวิธีของ AOAC (999.10) โดยใช้ผงใบกระท่อมแห้งผสมกับกรดไนตริกและไฮโดรเจน เปอร์ออกไซด์ร่วมกับการย่อยด้วยวิธีไมโครเวฟ ผลการศึกษาพบว่าช่วงการใช้งานของวิธีทดสอบปรอท แคดเมียม สารหนู และตะกั่วเท่ากับ 0.25 - 1.25, 0.05 - 1.25, 0.50 - 12.50 และ 0.50 - 12.50 มิลลิกรัมต่อกิโลกรัม ตามลําดับ ค่าขีดจํากัด การตรวจหาของวิธี (LOD) เท่ากับ 0.050 (ปรอท), 0.010 (แคดเมียม), 0.15 (สารหนู) และ 0.15 (ตะกั่ว) มิลลิกรัม ต่อกิโลกรัม ขีดจํากัดการวัดปริมาณ (LOQ) เท่ากับ 0.25 (ปรอท), 0.050 (แคดเมียม), 0.50 (สารหนู) และ 0.50 (ตะกั่ว) มิลลิกรัมต่อกิโลกรัม การศึกษาความโอนเอียงมีช่วงร้อยละการคืนกลับ (%Recovery) เท่ากับ 67 - 74% (ปรอท), 80 - 82% (แคดเมียม), 83 - 91% (สารหนู) และ 80 - 82% (ตะกั่ว) การศึกษาความเที่ยงมีช่วงร้อยละค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบน มาตรฐานสัมพัทธ์ (%RSD) ของแคดเมียม สารหนู และตะกั่วอยู่ในช่วง 0.6 - 7.3% และปรอทอยู่ในช่วง 8.2 - 11.7% อีกทั้งค่าความไม่แน่นอนขยายของแคดเมียม สารหนู และตะกั่ว มีค่าน้อยกว่า 25% และปรอทน้อยกว่า +38% ที่ระดับ ความเชื่อมั่น 95% ซึ่งผลการศึกษานี้แสดงให้เห็นว่าวิธีวิเคราะห์มีความน่าเชื่อถือ และเหมาะสมสําหรับใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ เชิงปริมาณโลหะหนักในใบกระท่อม
Organizational Transformation Through Business Innovation and Disruptive Technology: Value-Based Leadership in Shaping a Dynamic and Adaptive Organizational Culture
Authors: Saranani Fajar , Ausat Abu Muna Almaududi , Rijal Syamsu
Published: June 2024

In an era of globalization and rapid technological advancement, changes in the business landscape are becoming increasingly fast-paced and unpredictable. Companies must be able to adapt quickly to remain competitive and thrive. The aim of this research is focused on how companies can integrate business innovation and disruptive technology, as well as how value-based leadership can shape a dynamic and adaptive organizational culture to tackle the challenges of transformation in the ever-changing business landscape. This research method is a literature review with a qualitative approach, focusing on descriptive analysis. The data used in this study are from scholarly articles found through Google Scholar, with a publication range from 2001 to 2023. The study findings indicate that in the dynamic and fast-paced modern era, organizational transformation is key to maintaining relevance and competitiveness. This transformation involves the adoption of business innovation, the implementation of disruptive technology, and the development of value-based leadership. By combining these three aspects, an organization can create a dynamic and adaptive environment, where change is seen as an opportunity for growth.
Economic Determinants of Exchange Rate Volatility in Kenya.
Authors: Chuchu Stanley Odhiambo , Muturi Willy Mwangi
Published: June 2024

The role of the exchange rate channel in the transmission of monetary policy has become more important due to globalization and the widespread use of floating exchange rate systems. Exchange rates are widely utilized by governments across the globe as a pivotal monetary policy instrument to exert influence over diverse economic and financial issues. It is of utmost importance to comprehend the factors and procedures that determine and regulate exchange rates. Nevertheless, numerous emerging economies, such as Kenya, face difficulties in achieving stability in their currency exchange rates. Forecasting future exchange rates is a difficult task for policymakers due to the intricate interaction of macroeconomic, speculative, and economic anticipation elements. This study aims to fill the lack of extensive research on the economic factors that influence the fluctuation of currency rates in Kenya. The study seeks to give valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and market participants by analyzing the effects of foreign direct investment, inflation rates, and the balance of payments on exchange rates. The study explores the complex dynamics of exchange rate fluctuations by using a quantitative research strategy and applying techniques such as Vector Autoregression (VAR) model analysis, Granger causality testing, and regression analysis. The results demonstrate notable associations between exchange rates and macroeconomic variables, providing insight into the factors that contribute to fluctuations in the exchange rate in Kenya. This study enhances the current body of knowledge by giving a detailed comprehension of the factors that influence exchange rates. It also offers significant perspectives for policymakers and stakeholders in effectively managing exchange rate risks and promoting economic stability.
The bidirectional impact of internet addiction on sleep quality: A vicious circle?
Authors: Wang Zimeng , Lin Shufei , Zhang Keyu , Lin Yu , Zhang Yiyue
Published: June 2024

Internet addiction (IA) is an emerging disorder that refers to the compulsive need for the internet. IA, particularly prevalent among adolescents, has garnered increasing attention as the internet becomes more pervasive than before. Disrupted sleep quality is a significant concern among the array of detrimental outcomes associated with IA. However, the intricate interplay between IA and sleep quality needs to be more adequately understood, including the potential mediators and the bidirectional relationship between them. This review aims to establish a model to investigate the interaction between IA and sleep quality. The review, to achieve this aim, embarks on a multi-faceted analysis. First, it scrutinizes the neurobiological mechanisms through which IA influences sleep quality. Secondly, it explores the role of specific comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety, as potential mediators mediating the impact of IA on sleep quality. Finally, by summarizing previous studies, this review found a circular correlation between IA and sleep quality. In conclusion, the synthesized findings underscore the intricate connections at play. These revelations collectively highlight the bidirectional and complex nature of the IA-sleep quality relationship. For future research, the establishment of the vicious circle is conducive to the research of new therapies.
The Impact of Education on the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty in Relatively Impoverished Areas
Authors: Zhang Xinwen
Published: June 2024

This article utilizes the 2018 CLDS (China Labor-force Dynamics Survey) data, integrating the highest educational attainment and occupational level differences between parents and their children, along with variables such as region, gender, and age into a unified analytical framework. It employs the Logit model to investigate the effects of intergenerational educational mobility and occupational mobility on the intergenerational transmission of occupational class. The empirical results demonstrate that in relatively impoverished areas, there is a strong inheritance of occupational class. Educational advancement significantly promotes class mobility among the relatively impoverished population. Furthermore, the greater the educational leap, the more significant is the occupational class mobility. An increase in one tier of educational inheritance corresponds to a more pronounced inheritance of class status.
Research on immunotoxins and their applications
Authors: Liu Haotian
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the research progress and application of immunotoxins in cancer therapy. Immunotoxins,are proteins that combine a toxin with an antibody or growth factor, specifically attacking cells with a particular marker. show a high degree of specificity and lethality against cancer cells. The paper reviews the history of immunotoxins, their classification, mechanism of action and their application in the treatment of different types of cancer, emphasizing their potential to reduce immunogenicity and prolong the treatment cycle. Despite challenges such as immunogenicity in clinical applications, immunotoxins are considered to be powerful tools for future cancer therapy.
Advancements in Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Huang Xize
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis has broadened the variety. In particular, targeted therapy has become the most concerned treatment. Many of the shortcomings of traditional treatment modalities, such as expensive drugs and severe side effects, can be replaced by targeted therapy. Targeted therapy has not been widely used in clinical treatment, but it has been well understood and studied for many years. At the same time, many kinds of targeted drugs have been studied for the treatment of RA. This article analyzes the direction of several targeted therapy and drug research, about their different use methods, pathways, etc., and some are still under study. There are many research results, successful clinical trials, and significant improvement compared with traditional treatment. It can better treat patients and take care of their physical and mental health. Targeted therapy provides a reference for the subsequent research on the treatment of RA, and is also an excellent improvement of the treatment, but more clinical trials are still needed to truly populalize a variety of targeted therapy to patients.
Ancient Chinese Logic, Buddhism Influences with Western Rationalism and Mathematical Reasoning
Authors: Li Zhicheng , Song Wenhao , Wang Yubo , Zhang Zaiyu
Published: June 2024

Logic, in the sense that it is understood in contemporary academic discourse, is frequently attributed to the ongoing progression of Western rationalism and mathematical reasoning within the field of idea history. This article compares and contrasts Western logic in the conventional sense of the term with those doctrines and concepts of logic that are equally representative of the development of Eastern intellectual history, as measured through a comparative lens of East and West. Specifically, it focuses on the similarities and differences between Eastern and Western logic. Ancient Chinese logic continued to exist in its own right. It developed byaccording to the traditional Chinese philosophical tradition, even though it diverged from the path formal logic took in the West during its development. The Mohists, the Ming School, and later Buddhist Logic were the primary places where it was first observed making its appearance. To varying degrees, these schools or schools of thought investigated dialectics, linguistic analysis, and logical reasoning; they were instrumental in laying the groundwork for developing ancient Chinese logic. The Named Schools, Mohist, and Buddhist logical systems are all forms of ancient Chinese logic that reflect the development of Chinese logic. These schools’ investigations into argumentation techniques, linguistic analysis, and conceptual definition undeniably influenced subsequent generations of Chinese philosophy in their pursuit of philosophical and logical understanding. This is even thoughthese schools diverging significantly from conventional Western logic regarding methodology and application domains.
An Analysis of Elizabeth’s Emotional Process and Marriage View from the Perspective of Environmental Psychology
Authors: An Sibei
Published: June 2024

Pride and Prejudice, as a classic masterpiece about love and marriage, has been widely discussed, and the marriage of Elizabeth and Darcy is widely praised. The psychological and behavioral changes of the female protagonist in the text touch people’s hearts and drive the continuous progress of their relationship. This article applies the concept of personal space in environmental psychology and its following effects to analyze the reasons for Elizabeth’s psychological and behavioral changes. This opens up new analytical perspectives, establishing the connection between Elizabeth’s personal spatial changes and her psychology and behavior. Her first impression of Darcy causes a large personal space. The reaction to repeated violations of her personal space becomes stronger. And then, when Darcy is proved innocent, causing a dramatic change in her personal space, ultimately resulting in a positive outcome. It reveals the specific content of equality, mutual respect, independence, sincere communication, and adherence to principles based on love in Elizabeth’s views on marriage and love. This article also analyzed the connection between the author Jane Austen herself and the influence of 18th-century British social factors and provides inspiration for contemporary views on marriage and love.
Analysis of the Reasons of Obstacles to the Development of Prepared Dishes in Chinese Market
Authors: Fang Shuyu , Li Yueer , Zhou Jinyu
Published: June 2024

Since January 8, 2024, China has implemented the policy to treat COVID-19 as “Category B infectious diseases and subject to class B control measures”, a measure that marks China officially entering into the post-pandemic era. With the change of life pace and consumption concepts, a new economic phenomenon has been derived and strengthened, which is called the “The lazy Economy”. This paper explores the reasons why the development of prepared dishes is hindered in China against the background of the post epidemic era and the lazy economy in the country. This paper sorts out and summarizes the category classification of prepared dishes and finds that the categories of prepared dishes are mainly classified according to the degree of processing depth in Chinese market. By analyzing the advantages of prepared dishes, this paper further finds that prepared dishes have great potential for market development in the future; on the other hand, this paper summarizes in depth the factors that hinder the development of prepared dishes in the Chinese market, which is conducive to helping the industry to develop healthily and helping prepared dish enterprises to find the bottleneck to break through.
The Effect of Subtitling on the Learning Effectiveness of Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Hu Zheyin
Published: June 2024

This paper examines current research on metacognitive reading strategies, aiming to provide valuable insights and inspiration for researchers and educators in reading comprehension. The paper begins by defining metacognitive strategies and categorizing them into various classifications, shedding light on their significance in the reading and learning process. It further explores the importance, influencing factors, and the process of utilizing metacognitive strategies in reading, emphasizing their role in promoting reading comprehension, second language reading, and attention monitoring. Additionally, the paper delves into the factors influencing applying metacognitive reading strategies, such as language proficiency, self-efficacy, and foreign language anxiety. It also outlines the planning, monitoring, and assessment processes involved in using metacognitive strategies during reading. Furthermore, the paper offers suggestions for the future development of metacognitive reading strategies. It proposes the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with metacognitive reading strategies, highlighting the potential of AI in enhancing individual reading comprehension through technological means. The paper also advocates for focusing on individual differences and optimizing teaching strategies to cater to diverse learner needs. Additionally, it recommends exploring more effective cultivation and training methods for metacognitive reading strategies, with a specific emphasis on the application of AI in simulated learning and real-life situations.
Market Research on Chinese-style Tea Beverage Brands Using the AISAS Model: A Case Study of Chagee
Authors: Lu Wenyu , Peng Hanfei
Published: June 2024

The segment of Chinese-style tea beverages holds significant importance within the broader tea drink market and is highly favored by consumers. Among these, Chagee stands out as a highly esteemed brand, exemplifying the category’s appeal. This study employs the AISAS model to investigate consumer perceptions, satisfaction, and purchase intentions towards Chinese-style tea beverages, with a particular focus on Chagee. The findings reveal that physical stores are the predominant channel through which consumers become acquainted with brands like Chagee; the brand’s unique taste profile is the most compelling factor for purchases. Although there is a high likelihood of repeat purchases, the inclination to share experiences related to the Chagee brand is comparatively low. Future strategies for Chinese-style tea beverage brands should prioritize health-oriented values to find a balance between taste and wellness, enhance the infusion of Chinese cultural elements, differentiate from competitors, and employ diverse marketing strategies to boost consumer engagement and sharing.
Mechanisms and Clinical Effects of Rituximab and its Multifaceted Comparison with Biosimilars
Authors: Zhou Houcheng
Published: June 2024

Rituximab, targeting CD20, is one of the first-line treatments against Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Follicular Lymphoma, Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL), and other B cell mutations. As the patent on Rituximab expires and a large number of biosimilars are on the market, Rituximab is an important milestone in the era of immunotherapy as the first monoclonal antibody to be approved for oncology treatment. The mechanisms of its anticancer effects include Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC), Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC), Antibody-Dependent Phagocytosis (ADCP), direct signaling-induced cell death, etc. The biosimilar Truxima, which is now used worldwide, is also tending to surpass it by the expiration of the original Rituximab patent. This paper focuses on the working principle and clinical effects of Rituximab, the characteristics and pathway principles of the drug target CD20, as well as the physical and chemical properties of reference drugs and biosimilars. This review also summarizes the importance of monoclonal antibody technologies such as Rituximab and CD20 antibodies in the treatment of related cancers. Further studies are required for clinical applications of Truxima as a substitute for Rituximab.
Estrategias Educativas para el Fortalecimiento de la Habilidad Lectora en Estudiantes de Secundaria: Una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura
Authors: López Llorente Diana Marcela , Buitrago Ramírez Marisella
Published: June 2024

La habilidad lectora constituye una herramienta eficaz para el aprendizaje; por tanto, el objetivo del siguiente estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura a partir de la exploración de investigaciones en contextos escolares enmarcadas en lo pedagógico, lo didáctico y lo metodológico. Lo anterior, en aras de fortalecer la habilidad lectora en estudiantes de educación secundaria debido a que contribuye al alcance de mejores resultados académicos, así como, la resolución de diversos conflictos. La metodología seguida para esta investigación obedece a las directrices PRISMA, la cual contempla una búsqueda en bases de datos especializadas tales como WoS, Scopus y Google Académico, en las que se definieron criterios tanto de inclusión como de exclusión. Para ello, se han tomado como referente estudios realizados entre el 2019 y el 2024. El análisis sistemático de los datos evidencia el uso de estrategias educativas innovadoras para fortalecer la habilidad lectora en básica secundaria. En conclusión, esta revisión facilitará la comprensión de mejores prácticas para potenciar la habilidad lectora al interior de las aulas, por lo que se recomienda avanzar en los estudios de estas estrategias educativas que benefician la adquisición de conocimientos en diversos contextos de aprendizaje y dinamizan las prácticas docentes.
Solidarité et renaissance de la RD Congo. De l’union des partis politiques à l’union politique des ethnies
Authors:   Université de Bandundu (Uniband), PINI-PINI NSASAY Kentey
Published: June 2024

Résumé - Redevenu indépendant en 1960, le Congo est noyé dans des luttes pour le pouvoir et peine à retrouver l’équilibre politique nécessaire à son développement harmonieux. Face au risque d’asphyxie dommageable du pays, le présent article propose d’abandonner le modèle colonial des partis politiques métastasiques et d’appliquer celui des Ancêtres, à travers l’union politique des tribus.
Jurisprudencia reciente del Tribunal Constitucional en materia de autonomía local
Authors: Xiol Ríos Juan Antonio
Published: June 2024

En el presente artículo se ofrece una panorámica general de la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional relativa al principio de autonomía local y con incidencia en el estatuto jurídico de los Gobiernos locales emanada en el período comprendido entre junio de 2022 y junio de 2023. Como podrá comprobarse, las resoluciones de la jurisdicción constitucional seleccionadas para su reseña en esta contribución afectan a cuestiones variadas, pudiendo destacarse, entre otras, las referentes a la reforma de la Ley 29/1998, de 13 de julio, reguladora de la Jurisdicción Contencioso-Administrativa, para la atribución a las Salas de lo Contencioso-Administrativo de los Tribunales Superiores de Justicia y de la Audiencia Nacional de la competencia para conocer de la autorización o ratificación judicial de las medidas para la protección de la salud pública que impliquen limitación o restricción de derechos fundamentales cuando sus destinatarios no estén identificados individualmente, o al impuesto sobre el incremento del valor de los terrenos de naturaleza urbana.
Existential Characteristics in Ta Duy Anh’s Works and The Ideological Influence of Franz Kafka
Authors: Duy Ngo The , Linh On Thi My
Published: June 2024

This study examines the existential themes in Ta Duy Anh’s works, highlighting the influence of Franz Kafka’s ideology. Through textual analysis and comparative literary review, it explores themes of loneliness, absurdity, and skepticism in Ta Duy Anh’s narratives and their connection to Kafka’s ideas. The research identifies specific instances where Kafka’s existential themes are reflected and reinterpreted in a Vietnamese cultural context. It emphasizes the thematic parallels and stylistic adaptations Ta Duy Anh employs to make these existential concerns relevant to Vietnamese readers. The findings reveal a deep engagement with themes of alienation, absurdity, and skepticism, showcasing Kafka’s significant influence on Ta Duy Anh and contributing to a broader understanding of cross-cultural literary influences.
Awerroes, czyli losy filozofii arabskiej w świecie łacińskim
Authors: Palacz Ryszard
Published: June 2024

Artykuł omawia krótko wpływ awerroizmu na filozofię łacińskiej Europy w XIII w. Dziedzictwo filozofii i nauki greckiej zostało uratowane przez uczonych arabskich, w zakresie filozofii zaś głównie przez Awerroesa i jego zwolenników, co umożliwiło recepcję myśli Arystotelesa w Europie. Na Uniwersytecie Paryskim komentarze Awerroesa do traktatów Arystotelesa doprowadziły nie tylko do sporów na Wydziale Filozofii, ale pogłębiły także różnice doktrynalne istniejące w nauczaniu między wydziałami. Ukształtowało to nowy nurt filozoficzny, tzw. awerroizm łaciński, nawiązujący do dziedzictwa Awerroesa. Najważniejszymi jego przedstawicielami byli Siger z Brabancji i Boecjusz z Dacji. Do najistotniejszych kwestii spornych należały autonomia filozofii, odwieczność świata, istnienie duszy jednostkowej i koncepcja intelektu. Dalsze dzieje awerroizmu łacińskiego wyznaczyły potępienia ogłoszone przez biskupa paryskiego, Stefana Tempier.
The anatomical variability of the sphenoid sinus in CBCT – a retrospective study
Authors: Schwerzmann Martina C. , Suter Valerie G. A. , Von Arx Thomas
Published: June 2024

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess and illustrate the anatomical variability of the sphenoid sinus (SPS) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A total of 50 SPS were assessed. CBCT images were oriented in the sagittal plane to evaluate the type of pneumatization (conchal, presellar, sellar and postsellar). Size measurements (width, length and height) of the SPS as well as the septation pattern and the presence or absence of pathologies were examined in all three planes. The postsellar type (28 cases, 56%) was the most common pattern of pneumatization. Conchal, presellar, or sellar pneumatization were significantly less frequent. There was only one case (2%) with a conchal and two cases (4%) with a presellar type. Multiple septa were found in 75% of patients with postsellar pneumatization, but only in 45.5% of patients featuring conchal, presellar or sellar type. In the postsellar category, all measured dimensions were significantly higher compared to the other types of pneumatization. Pathologies in the SPS were found in 7 patients (14%). It was concluded that the anatomical structure of the SPS is highly variable. Knowledge about its radiological appearance in CBCT will help in identification of pathologies and surrounding anatomical structures.