bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual Audio Design Based on Mobile Sensor Network and English MOOC Teaching
Authors: Wang Fang
Published: April 2023

The continuous emergence of virtual reality also makes people think about vigorously developing digital audio and scientific image technology. The volume return and audio playback of 3D audio in VR usually directly use binaural reconstruction methods. At present, more 3D audio reconstruction techniques have actually been applied in VR, mainly including human-based binaural audio system reconstruction analysis. Technology and audio reconstruction of related transfer functions. This paper clearly proposes a precise network deployment design algorithm based on mobile wireless audio signal sensors based on network virtualization capabilities, and clearly proposes the basic concept of "relay node clusters", using the current ubiquitous relays in Internet audio networks The network phenomenon of the clusters of nodes connecting to each other builds up such a network path from the source relay node to the virtualized audio sensor node. A comparative analysis experiment with similar types of algorithms shows that the characteristic of this algorithm is that it has obvious advantages in the average position movement of nodes and the energy expenditure of each node in the network. In addition, this article also applies sensor networks to the teaching of English MOOCs, conducts preliminary investigations on the learning problems of English MOOCs, and establishes learning goals, selects learning resources, learning modes, and interactive communication platforms based on the results of the questionnaire survey. , Design the classroom teaching process. According to the mobile sensor network, MOOC resources and "flipped classroom" are integrated with each other to implement a hybrid classroom teaching. Mobile sensor networks provide new ideas for virtual audio design and English MOOC teaching.
A clinical prediction model for testicular cancer prognosis: from the SEER study
Authors: Zhao Yicheng
Published: April 2023

Background: The influencing factors on the prognosis of patients with testicular cancer (TC) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the clinical influencing factors of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of Testicular Cancer (TC) patients and to build the nomograms.
Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, 7718 TC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2018 were included and their clinical data were assessed. The data were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts in a ratio of 7:3 to construct the prediction models. Prognosis information including 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS and CSS rates were recorded. In this study, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve and variables with P<0.05 in the univariate Cox proportional hazard regression model were included in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model for analysis. The relative risk of death was described with the hazard ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI). The differentiation of the model was evaluated by using ROC and calculating the AUC values at different time points. Based on the data of the prediction set, the Bootstrapping method was adopted, repeated sampling 1000 times, and calibration curves were drawn to evaluate the fit degree of the model. Based on the results of the Cox proportional risk regression model, we constructed and internally validated an applicable nomogram for predicting 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival in patients with testicular cancer.
Results: A total of 7718 patients were included in the prognostic model. In the multivariate Cox regression model, older age at diagnosis, without surgery, regional lymph node involvement (N1, N2, N3 and NX), with chemotherapy and larger tumor size were independent predictors of poor prognosis factors for OS and CSS in TC patients. The C-indexes were 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72- 0.78) for OS and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.79- 0.85) for CSS, indicating that the prognosis of testicular cancer patients had a good predictive effect. Based on the nomogram, in the verification group, the AUC values of the 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS were 0.799, 0.757; 0.725, and 0.827, 0.823, and 0.825 for 3, 5, and 10- years CSS, respectively. The differences in the OS and CSS between the real observation and the forecast were quite constant according to the calibration curves. The models were validated in the validation cohort, which also demonstrated the models had good reliability for prognostication.
Conclusions: Clinical factors including age at diagnosis, surgery conditions, N Stage, chemotherapy conditions and tumor size were good predictors for OS and CSS in TC. Our predictive nomogram may play an important role in predicting 3-, 5-, and 10-year outcomes in patients with TC.
Association between breakfast consumption and handgrip strength：A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross- sectional study
Authors: Ren Zhongyu , Zhang Xiaoping , Liu Shuai , Cao Bing , Wang Hejin
Published: April 2023

Background In the past decade, several studies examined the association between breakfast consumption and handgrip strength, there are conflicting evidences on the association between breakfast consumption and handgrip strength. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to further identify the association between breakfast consumption and handgrip strength.Methods Original research studies involving breakfast consumption and handgrip strength from database inception to September 15, 2021 were selected from Web of Science, Pubmed, Medline and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). A random effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of handgrip strength for the highest versus lowest category of breakfast consumption.Results After evaluation of titles and abstracts, 7 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria and 4 of them were included in meta-analysis. All studies were considered having higher quality of publications. An positive and insignificant association between breakfast consumption (lowest vs. highest) with handgrip strength was shown (Hedges' g = 0.09; 95% CI: -0.05 to 0.24; P = 0.21). Further analyses found a significant association between regular breakfast consumption and higher handgrip strength in female (Hedges' g = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.39; P = 0.03) but not in male (Hedges' g = 0.06; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.24; P = 0.52). The heterogeneity in the results of this meta-analysis could be partly explained by adjustment for significant confounding factors and the measuring tools of handgrip strength. Results from subgroup analyses suggested that stratified analysis revealed a significant association between regular breakfast consumption and higher handgrip strength (Hedges' g = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.24; P < 0.01) in studies adjusting significant confounding factors, and the association between regular breakfast consumption and higher handgrip strength are significant (Hedges' g = 0.11; CI: 0.07 to 0.15; P < 0.01) when handgrip strength was measured by TKK 5401.Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that regular breakfast consumption is positively associated with higher handgrip strength.
Feasibility, Reproducibility, and Prognostic Value of the Fully Automated Measurement of Left Ventricular Longitudinal Strain in Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Cai Yu , Wu Chun , Zhu Shuangshuang , Sun Wei , Zhang Yanting , Xie Yuji , Tan Yuting , Yan Xiaojun , Huang Lei , Zhang Yichan , Zhang Yiwei , Li Yuman , Yang Yali , Wang Jing , Sun Zhenxing , Zhang Li , Xie Mingxing
Published: April 2023

Aims Left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVGLS) is a robust parameter to predict adverse events of heart transplanted (HTx) patients. However, measuring LVGLS is time consuming and operator-dependent. Thus, we investigated whether automated strain software applied to measure LVGLS possess the feasibility, reproducibility and prognostic values in HTx patients.Methods 286 heart-transplanted patients who had comprehensive echocardiography was included. LVGLS was obtained from the same apical images by three different methods: fully automated LVGLS(Auto-Strain), semiautomated LVGLS (automated with manual editing) and manual LVGLS. Patients were followed up and primary composite end point (defined as all-cause death and rejection) was recorded.Results Fully automated measurements were feasible in 277subjects (96.8%). Analysis time for automated LVGLS (27.7 ± 2.8 s/patients) and semiautomated LVGLS (237.4 ± 41.0 s/patients) were shorter than manual LVGLS (440.4 ± 65 s/patients). Semiautomated LVGLS had a stronger correlation with manual LVGLS than automated LVGLS (r = 0.854 vs 0.654. P < 0.001), and there were smaller disagreements between Semiautomated LVGLS and manual LVGLS (bias:0.79, LOA:2.78) than automated LVGLS and manual LVGLS (bias:2.72, LOA:3.98). During a median follow-up of 51 months [35.0-66.5], 35 patients experienced end point events. Automated LVGLS can detect abnormal systolic function and predict adverse events of HTx patients, while the detecting and predicting ability of semiautomated LVGLS is greater.Conclusions Fully automated LVGLS could provide rapid and reproducible assessment of HTx patients’ graft function, but semiautomated LVGLS is superior to automated LVGLS in detecting abnormal systolic function and predicting adverse events, making it possible applying automated software in clinical routine.
Flood Reduction and Prevention Possibilities in the Flood Plains: A Case study of the Varuna River Basin in the Flood Plain of the Ganga River, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Mishra Mallikarjun , Raju K. N. Prudhvi
Published: April 2023

Floods are a recurring phenomenon in the floodplain region of the Ganga River largely caused by several floodplain tributaries. One such tributary of the Ganga in its floodplain is the 225kmlong monsoon-fed Varuna River. Using high-resolution Google earth satellite images, 662 tals(local word for large natural ponds),and 15383 other smaller ponds/tanks(natural andman-made),were identified and delineated. The tals and ponds/tanksoccupy 430 km2 and 93 km2 respectively,within the 3141 km2area of the Varuna River basin. Based on the areas and approximate water depths that were averaged from field measurements at selected tals and ponds/tanks, the total water-holding capacity of all these water bodies is estimated to be as much as 57% (1140 million cubic metres) of the total surface water runoff of the basin.In spite of such a large water-holding capacity within these tals and ponds/tanks, floods are still an almost annual phenomenon in the Varuna basin because (i) water is not allowed to accumulate in the talsand (ii)the ponds/tanks haveshrunk and/or silted up,reducing their volume. Deepeningby desiltingof tals and ponds/tanks can be taken upby engaging the locallabourersthrough the government-funded rural employment guarantee schemes. The majority of the village tals and ponds/tanks can be used for pisciculturein order to generatedevelopment funds.
Postoperative cardiothoracic ratio on the first postoperative day is a predictor of postoperative pleural effusion drainage following hepatectomy
Authors: Sakamoto Akimasa , Sakamoto Katsunori , Shine Mikiya , Uraoka Mio , Nagaoka Tomoyuki , Honjo Masahiko , Tamura Kei , Funamizu Naotake , Ogawa Kohei , Takada Yasutsugu
Published: April 2023

Purpose Although several preoperative risk factors for postoperative pleural effusion (POPE) after hepatectomy have been reported, few postoperative predictors have been investigated. We aimed to examine risk factors for clinically relevant POPE (CR-POPE) and whether cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) could be a predictive factor.Methods Participants in this retrospective investigation comprised 382 patients who underwent hepatectomy between January 2012 and December 2021. Perioperative characteristics that were considered potential risk factors for CR-POPE were evaluated. CR-POPE was defined as having undergone thoracentesis or thoracic drain placement.Results Patients were divided into a CR-POPE group (n = 38; 10.0%) and a non-CR-POPE group (n = 344; 90.0%). The CR-POPE group showed significantly higher intraoperative infusion volume (P < 0.001) and lower intraoperative urine volume (P = 0.015). In multivariate analysis, abdominal incision with a reversed L-shape or inverted T-shape (odds ratio [OR] = 3.07, P = 0.023], estimated blood loss > 772 g (OR = 2.71, P = 0.049), diaphragm incision (OR = 8.31, P = 0.008), major postoperative complications excluding CR-POPE (OR = 7.99, P < 0.001), intraoperative infusion volume per body weight > 80 mL/kg (OR = 4.80, P = 0.007) and CTR on postoperative day (POD)1 > 59.0% (OR = 4.34, P = 0.001) were all independently associated with occurrence of POPE.Conclusion We clarified risk factors for CR-POPE following hepatectomy. The occurrence of CR-POPE might be predictable from the CTR on POD1.
Continuous analgesia with intercostal catheterization under the thoracoscopy
Authors: Wang Yifei , Sun Qi , Huang Yiling , Yang Qinghua , Chen Rong , Zhang Xianwei , Zhao Xuewei , Wang Mingdong
Published: April 2023

Background
There are few studies on continuous intercostal nerve block after single operation hole thoracoscopic surgery, i.e., two-port thoracoscopic surgery.
Objective
To evaluate the analgesic effect of continuous intercostal nerve block after thoracoscopic surgery.
Methods
A total of 80 patients who underwent single operation hole thoracoscopic surgery in our hospital between September 2020 and June 2021 were enrolled and divided into two groups. Based on basic analgesia, an intercostal catheter was placed during the operation for continuous intercostal block analgesia after the operation in the experimental group (Group A, n = 40). The control group (Group B, n = 40) was treated with sufentanil intravenous analgesia after surgery, which is namely “basic analgesia”. The postoperative pain scores, restlessness during the recovery period, effect on reducing opioid use, postoperative chest complications, patient satisfaction, etc., were compared between the two groups.
Results
The pain scores of patients in group A were significantly lower compared to those in group B at 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after surgery (3.325 ± 1.163 vs. 4.550 ± 1.176, 2.650 ± 1.001 vs. 4.000 ± 1.038, 2.325 ± 0.917 vs. 3.700 ± 0.966, and 1.775 ± 1.050 vs. 3.150 ± 1.075, p ＜0.001, respectively). Sufentanil consumption in group A was significantly lower than in group B at 48 hours after surgery (98.625 ± 4.158 vs. 106.000 ± 7.228, p ＜0.001).
Conclusion
Multimodal analgesia is ideal for early pain control after thoracotomy. A continuous intercostal nerve block can effectively reduce postoperative pain in patients.
Dynamics of a predator-prey model in spatially heterogeneous environments
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we consider a diffusive predator-prey model in spatially heterogeneous environments. We study the classification of the stability of the semi-trivial steady states according to parameters b, c and the dispersal rates of the prey and predator. Our work is a further study of [12].
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35B35, 35K57, 35Q92, 92D25
Characterization of the Bernoulli polynomials via the Raabe functional equation
Authors: Farhi Bakir
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the present paper is to show that in certain classes of real (or complex) functions, the Bernoulli polynomials are essentially the only ones satisfying the Raabe functional equation. For the class of the real 1-periodic functions which are expandable as Fourier series, we point out new solutions of the Raabe functional equation, not relating to the Bernoulli polynomials. Furthermore, we will give for the considered classes various proofs, making the mathematical content of the paper quite rich.
Freedom From Infection (FFI): A paradigm shift towards evidence-based decision-making for malaria elimination.
Authors: Nelli Luca , Surendra Henry , Byrne Isabel , Ahmad Riris , Arisanti Risalia , Lesmanawati Dyah , Elyazar Iqbal , Dumont Elin , Drakeley Chris , Wu Lindsey , Matthiopoulos Jason , Stresman Gillian
Published: April 2023

Eliminating malaria locally requires a surveillance system with high sensitivity and specificity to detect its presence without ambiguity. Traditionally, the absence of locally acquired cases for three consecutive years is used to estimate the probability of elimination. However, proving the absence of infection using routine health data is challenging as even one missed infection can lead to incorrect inferences. This could result in premature termination of control efforts and resurgences. To address this, we propose an innovative method for probabilistically demonstrating the absence of malaria. Using spatio-temporally extensive but imperfect reports of malaria, we developed a novel statistical framework to model both the state process (malaria transmission in the population) and the observation process (cases detected by the health system). Our state-space model provides a robust estimate of the surveillance system's sensitivity and the corresponding probability of elimination (PFree). It can also quantify challenging parameters related to malaria transmission and surveillance sensitivity. Our study highlights the effectiveness of data-driven tools in decision-making for malaria and suggests a reassessment of the conventional method for confirming elimination.
Risk of eating disorders and its association with psychological factors, body mass index, and physical activity in Mexican university students
Authors: González-Alvarado Yazmín , Unikel-Santoncini Claudia , Saucedo-Molina Teresita de Jesús
Published: April 2023

BackgroundDisordered eating behaviors are factors associated with the risk of developing eating disorders, yet cause biological, psychological, and social malfunction and its prevalence has been identified in university students of both sexes. The aim of the current study was to determine the distribution of the risk of developing an eating disorder and its association with psychological variables such as, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, drive for muscularity, as well as with body mass index (BMI) and physical activity in a non-probabilistic sample of Mexican university students. An additional objective was to evaluate the risk association with all of these variables by sex.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out between ending January and the beginning of May 2021 on a non-probabilistic sample of 395 students (65% females) aged to 18-29. Each one of the variables was assessed with previously validated questionnaires.ResultsThe risk of developing an eating disorder (moderate and high) was 37.3% for females and 32.6% for males. With significant differences, drive for muscularity in males registered 21% vs. 7.8% in females. The risk analysis in females showed an association with thin-ideal internalization, negative affect, body dissatisfaction, BMI, and physical activity. In males, risk analysis revealed an association with drive for muscularity and negative affect. After the logistic regression analysis, internalization, BMI, and low level of physical activity showed an association in females, and the association with drive for muscularity and BMI was maintained in males.ConclusionsAlthough eating disorder risk and associated factors have typically been a subject of study in adolescents, these findings show that they also have a significant presence in both male and female university students, and that they should be considered in future preventive interventions.
Assessing resilience at different scales: from single assets to complex systems
Authors: Fuggini Clemente , Solari Celina , De Stefano Rita , Bolletta Fabio , De Maio Florencia Victoria
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, Critical Infrastructure and Systems are getting more and more interconnected, while facing increasing and more intensive hazards: from man-made to natural ones, including those exacerbated by effects of the climate change. The demand for their robustness and resiliency against all these threats is finding ground to organizations or states’ ambitions, implementations, and policies. Moreover, their distributed network spanning from local areas to cities, from regions to cross-country extension, make them a target for malicious actions aimed to damage or even disrupt their critical supplied and therefore the availability of the service they deliver. The paper focuses on a review from an engineering perspective of past efforts (namely those related to the H2020 SecureGas project) and provides evidence of application cases where the network/system dimension of the critical infrastructure is a key point to be considered and to be safeguarded. Finally, an outlook on future perspectives and potentials in the application of resilience at local, urban, and territorial/national level is described, with a with on incoming and emerging threats at local and global level.
Dynamic Response of High-Rise Buildings with Shear walls due to Seismic forces
Authors: .K Nallasivam , Shukla Kashyap
Published: April 2023

Lateral loads such as earthquake and wind loads play a governing role in the design of high-rise buildings. Consequently, the vital work in the lives of structural engineers is to minimise damage to the structure and its structural components during an earthquake by proper design. A shear wall is one of the vertical elements that fulfils the above function by providing enough lateral rigidity if it is located and arranged effectively. As a result, the purpose of the study is to determine the response of various high-rise buildings with different shear wall arrangements when subjected to seismic loads. A total of nine G + 30-storey models have been made using finite element-based ETABS Software. All the models have shear walls distributed in such a way that the floor plan length of the walls is the same in all buildings, so the results are influenced solely by the arrangement and location of the walls. Seismic loads were applied using the response spectrum method, which complied with Indian codal provisions. The results of storey displacements, storey drifts, and story shear were extracted. The shear walls arranged in the form of a core at the centre of the building have been the most effective. It shows a 1.8 times greater decrement in top-storey displacement compared to the model without shear walls. The building with an irregular arrangement of shear walls at the corner is the least effective in resisting earthquakes.
An Improved Elephant Clan Optimization Algorithm for Global Function Optimization
Authors: Wang Yanjiao , Liu Wenyu
Published: April 2023

The elephant clan optimization algorithm (ECO) is a novel metaheuristic inspired by modeling the most basic individual and collective behavior of elephants. However, it suffers from the problems of easily falling into local optimum as well as insufficient convergence speed and convergence precision. To further improve the convergence performance of ECO, an improved elephant clan optimization algorithm (IECO) is proposed in this paper. The population initialization method with additional autonomous movement strategy, the Euclidean distance-based population partitioning method and the early maturity suppression mechanism proposed to improve the population diversity and the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum. An improved individual population update strategy balances the algorithm's convergence speed and variety. Finally, the enhanced substitution improves the convergence speed while maintaining population diversity and improves the algorithm's robustness to different optimization problems. The experimental results on the CEC2013 test set show that the IECO algorithm has significant advantages in terms of convergence speed, convergence accuracy, and stability compared with the original ECO algorithm and four other excellent algorithms.
Synergetic tellurium influence on aluminium borophosphate glass material for structural and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Gaikwad Vandana A. , Tigote Radhakrishnan M. , Kazi Subiya K. , Khobragade Rahul M. , Mane Yogesh D. , Suryawanshi Appasaheb W.
Published: April 2023

AlX.YB2O3 [(6-X-Y)P2O5]. TeO3 (X = 3, 2, 1, and Y = 2.5, 1.5, and 0.5) were sintered for 2 hours at 800°C using the sol-gel method. The ultraviolet-visible study shows maximum absorbance at 264 nm with optical band gap energy range of 4.21 to 4.24 eV. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the arrangement of the FCC structure with an average crystallite size of 21.63–25.77 nm. The morphological structure was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and their size was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM).The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), which validated the TeO3 composition. The highly magnetic character was estimated using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) technique. It is extensively used as a conducting material because of its low dielectric loss. The glass material shows the application towards the various antimicrobial activities.
FABRICATION OF TOTAL PROSTHESIS USING NEUTRAL ZONE CONCEPT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: ÇAKAR Verda Gökçe , SEYFİOĞLU POLAT Zelal , TACİR İbrahim Halil
Published: April 2023

In patients with severe residual ridge resorption and where implant treatment is not possible, traditional complete prosthesis construction becomes difficult. The neutral zone concept can be applied to increase the stability and compatibility of the prosthesis. The neutral zone concept significantly improves stabilization, especially in patients with advanced bone resorption, by placing an artificial tooth on the prosthesis in a neutral area where functional forces are removed. This case report aims to show the traditional full prosthesis production, which is produced by determining the neutral area for the patient with advanced bone destruction where implant treatment is not possible.
Extracting electronic many-body correlations from local measurements with artificial neural networks
Authors: Aikebaier Faluke , Ojanen Teemu , Lado Jose L.
Published: April 2023

The characterization of many-body correlations provides a powerful tool for analyzing correlated quantum materials. However, experimental extraction of quantum entanglement in correlated electronic systems remains an open problem in practice. In particular, the correlation entropy quantifies the strength of quantum correlations in interacting electronic systems, yet it requires measuring all the single-particle correlators of a macroscopic sample. To circumvent this bottleneck, we introduce a strategy to obtain the correlation entropy of electronic systems solely from a set of local measurements. We show that, by combining local particle-particle and density-density correlations with a neural-network algorithm, the correlation entropy can be predicted accurately. Specifically, we show that for a generalized interacting fermionic model, our algorithm yields an accurate prediction of the correlation entropy from a set of noisy local correlators. Our work shows that the correlation entropy in interacting electron systems can be reconstructed from local measurements, providing a starting point to experimentally extract many-body correlations with local probes.
The recurrent course of atopic dermatitis: therapeutic options for management of disease and prolongation of remissions
Authors: Tamrazova O. B. , Stadnikova A. S. , Glukhova E. A. , Dubovets N. F. , Vorobeva A. S. , Radchenko E. R.
Published: April 2023

Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease, which is most frequently occurred in children. The disease is characterized as chronic, but only 20% of children have severe atopic dermatitis, while the other 80% achieve a long-term remission by the age of 8. The article summarizes the main details about atopic dermatitis, including statistical epidemiological data, signs of a severe course of atopic dermatitis, criteria for determining the severity of the disease and the main aspects of a stepwise approach to the therapy. The authors paid special attention to the factors worsening the course of atopic dermatitis: the role of allergens and provoking factors, secondary infection, drug hypersensitivity, concomitant diseases, breach of dermatologist’s prescriptions. Despite the large arsenal of modern therapeutic methods, the therapy of a long, persistent course of atopic dermatitis may not produce a proper effect, and this is the reason why the disease acquires a torpid course. Such clinical cases call for finding new therapeutic methods, in particular the use of Janus kinase inhibitors. In the article, the authors described a clinical case: a 17-year-old patient K. complained of widespread rashes on the skin of the trunk accompanied by intense itching; the patient had been suffering from atopic dermatitis since early childhood, the skin process had a recurrent character with alternating periods of remissions and exacerbations about 2 times a year. The case describes the successful use of Janus kinase inhibitor that was capable to reduce the signaling of many cytokines that contribute to the development of signs and symptoms of the disease, in a patient with severe relapsing atopic dermatitis, who showed insufficient efficacy of therapy with standard methods.
Mitochondria-Targeted Ergosterol Peroxide Derivatives: Synthesis, Anticancer Properties and Their Preliminary Mechanism of Inhibiting MCF-7 Cell Proliferation
Authors: Ren Wenkang , Wu Jiale , Wang Jiafeng , Wang Haijun , Han Yinglong , Lin Yu , Bu Ming
Published: April 2023

Ergosterol peroxide (EP) has been extensively studied for its antitumor activities. However, its further development has been restricted due to its limited intracellular accumulation and poor aqueous solubility. In this study, a novel triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+) moiety was coupled to ergosterol peroxide to precisely target it at tumor cell mitochondria. The synthesized Mito-EP derivatives Mito-EP-3a-3d displayed stronger cytotoxicity than the EP parent and exhibited selectively cytotoxic effects between cancer cells and normal gastric epithelial (GES-1) cells. The most potent compound, Mito-EP-3b, was 9.7-fold more efficacious than ergosterol peroxide in the MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell line and showed good selectivity (SI = IC50GES-1/IC50MCF-7 = 4.04, IC50: concentrations to inhibit 50% of cell growth). Furthermore, Mito-EP-3b was able to decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced reactive oxygen species production, accompanied by activating the expression of cytochrome c and Bax, while Bcl-2 expression was suppressed. The molecular mechanism may refer to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Overall, the above results incentivize the further study of Mito-EP-3b derivatives as potent anticancer agents.
Fishery livelihoods and an adaptation to climate change-induced threats at the Bhomra Wetland: a case study through a stakeholder-driven approach
Authors: Kumari Suman , Debnath Sanjeet , Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia , Puthiyottil Mishal , Karnatak Gunjan , Kumar Das Basanta , Ghosh Bandana Das , Das Arijit
Published: April 2023

The main aim of the present study is to assess the present ecological status of Bhomra wetland with respect to the fisheries and associated ecosystem services and to prescribe some climate-smart adaptation technologies in changing climate. The analysis showed increasing temperature (Kendall's tau = 0.60, p<0.05) and decreasing rainfall (Kendall's tau = −0.33, p<0.05) in the studied region over the last two decades. The wetland is dominated by Cypriniformes species followed by Perciformes species. The overall production of the fish (i.e., 32155 kg) from the wetland in 2020 is below the average production of the last 10 year (i.e., 54704 kg). Canonical correspondence analysis reviled a strong correlation (p<0.05) between the fish assemblage and ecological parameters (mainly total alkalinity and available nitrate) of the wetland. Though the species diversity was moderate along with the moderate species richness (i.e., Shannon-Weiner diversity index = 1.581±0.007), the evenness (Simpson evenness index = 0.995±0.001) was high throughout the wetland. The wetland was found suitable for carp culture, but the ecosystem's health has degraded over time. The communication further suggests several climate-resilient strategies for sustainable utilization of wetland ecosystem services and increasing adaptive capacity of the fishers.
Modelling the effect of salt from road runoff on nitrification of a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Jovanović Nikola , Breu Sandra , Plihal Hanns , Langergraber Guenter
Published: April 2023

Salt (NaCl) that is being dispersed on the roads to prevent the formation of ice and snow can have positive and negative effects on nitrification rates in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Based on experimental data, a numerical model has been derived to describe these effects. The numerical model has been successfully implemented in the SIMBA# simulation software and tested on a real case study, the Freistadt WWTP, located in Upper Austria. A number of parameters impacting nitrification have been investigated: inflow salt concentration, duration of the salt loading, temperature during salt loading, and increasing volumetric inflow to the WWTP during salt loading events. Simulation results revealed that salt concentration lower than 1 g NaCl/l brought improvement in nitrification rates. However, when this threshold was exceeded, inhibition of nitrification occurred. Furthermore, prolonged salt dosing exposure times brought amplification of both positive and negative effects on removal rates. Results show that salt concentration and salt load have the biggest impacts on nitrification.
Natural groundwater recharge estimation using multiple methods combined with an experimental study
Authors: Mohan S. , Pramada S. K.
Published: April 2023

Due to increasing human settlements, agricultural development, and economic activities, the extraction of groundwater is increasing. The over-exploitation of aquifers has become a cause for concern within the last century due to these developmental activities and the accurate estimation of sustainable yield from aquifers is very important. Assessing natural aquifer recharge is one of the key challenges in determining the sustainable yield of aquifers. In this study, an integrated model using the SCS-CN method, remote sensing, and a Geographic Information System (GIS) is developed for estimating natural aquifer recharge for the recharge area of the sub-basin of the Vellar river basin, Tamil Nadu, India. Also, actual infiltration measurements were conducted and an infiltration-based model was developed to compute natural groundwater recharge and compare it with empirical methods. On average, the recharge is 17% of the rainfall for the recharge area.
An improvement in drainage flow equation of EPA SWMM green roof module
Authors: Bako Kavsar , Kazezyılmaz-Alhan Cevza Melek
Published: April 2023

Green roofs are among the important green infrastructures which decrease the negative impacts of urbanization. In this study, the green roof modeling capability of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM) is evaluated and the modeling methods used in EPA SWMM, which need improvements, are determined. In particular, the drainage flow, which is originally calculated with Manning's equation in SWMM, is improved by introducing the drainage mat void thickness and adapting a new value for the exponential coefficient of depth in the equation. In addition, the capability of the percolation equation is further investigated, i.e., the value of the coefficient of the exponential function of soil moisture content that considers the percolation through the soil layer is determined for different substrates using the existing unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and soil moisture content data from steady-state tests. A comparison of the improved equation of drainage flow results with the existing experimental data shows that the improved equation represents the drainage flow more accurately than the one used in EPA SWMM.
Legal Culture of Marine Spatial Planning in Maritime Areas from the Polish Perspective
Authors: Pyć Dorota
Published: April 2023

In the multidisciplinary literature, it has been assumed that ‘sea space’ is the subject of marine spatial planning (MSP). The primary goal of MSP activities is to divide ‘sea space’ optimally into different uses and to prevent conflicts related to the use of ‘sea space’. The Coastal States, in various regions of the world, for over twenty years have focused on MSP aimed at, amongst others, the development and implementation of maritime spatial plans. Undoubtedly, MSP is based on the division of the Global Ocean into maritime areas. Therefore, MSP instruments should be effectively developed, implemented and improved in pursuit of the goals of sustainable marine governance (SMG) for the protection and preservation of the marine environment. In the European Union, the Coastal Member States of the EU have been required to develop MSP plans by the end of the first quarter of 2021. Thus, MSP instruments are useful tools for the sustainable marine governance at the regional and national levels. At the regional level, sustainable marine governance presents a holistic approach to the use of marine resources and ecosystem services and it is derived from culture and human development. Moreover, there is a justified trend towards developing marine spatial culture understood as a common idea included in the set of good practices of MSP that can contribute effectively to sustainable marine governance. This paper presents several arguments in favor of the need to develop marine spatial culture in the context of Polish experiences in the implementation of MSP.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2-pyridone Derivatives: A Mini Review
Authors: Verma Krishan Kumar , Kapoor Sapna , Kushwaha Vivek Kumar , Mishra Ashish , Upadhyay Anshul
Published: April 2023

:

The 2-pyridone nucleus is an important scaffold present in various compounds with diverse
pharmacological activity. Among the reported 2-pyridone analogs, the majority of the compounds either
have a substituted ring system or a fused ring system. Till now, several derivatives have been reported by
different researchers for their antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, antiviral activity, antioxidant
activity, anti-hepatitis virus activity, and anti-allodynia and anti-obesity activities. In this review, we have
attempted to compile synthetic methods of 2-pyridone ring by ring cyclization along with pharmacologi
cal aspects related to various synthesized derivatives of the 2-pyridone nucleus.
Palm-Based Beverages Around the World: A Review
Authors: Aparnna V.P. , Kumar Chauhan Anil , Singh Shubhendra
Published: April 2023

Palms have been a source of food, drinks, oil, lumber, sugar, and the sap it produces.
Palm sap is a refreshing, non-alcoholic beverage that has a plethora of health benefits. Some examples
of palm-based beverages are Neera, toddy, tuba, wine, arak, and other traditional fermented
drinks, along with concentrated syrups. Palm sap-based beverages are high in carbohydrates,
vital amino acids, and vitamins and are consumed as energy drinks around the world. Antioxidants,
which have been shown to have a good effect on human health, are also found naturally
in palm-based beverages. Technological advancement, marketing, and a lack of research
and training hinder the commercialization of nutritional by-products made from palm sap. The
current review aims to focus on palm-based beverages, their health benefits, recent developments,
and future perspectives.
Hydrogels as Potential Controlled Drug Delivery System: Drug Release
Mechanism and Applications
Authors: Mishra Sudhanshu , Ojha Smriti , Sharma Saurabh
Published: April 2023

Hydrogels are one of the most extensively studied novel drug delivery dosage forms owing to
their satisfactory results in drug delivery in various conditions, including pain management, immunomodulation,
carcinomas, healing of wounds, and cardiology. A crosslinked polymeric network and an optimum
amount of water combine to form hydrogels. Due to their specific properties such as biocompatibility,
biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and non-toxic to biological tissues, hydrogels are demanding biomaterials.
Furthermore, due to their programmable physical characteristics, controlled degradation behavior,
and capability to preserve unstable medicines from degradation, hydrogels serve as an advanced drug
delivery system in which diverse physiochemical interactions with the polymeric matrix containing embedded
medications control their release. Despite significant challenges remaining, there has been significant
progress in recent years in overcoming the clinical and pharmacological constraints of hydrogels for
drug delivery applications This review covers various hydrogel-forming polymers, strategies for crosslinking
of gelling agents, and release mechanisms from the hydrogel. Moreover, the current work includes
a few marketed hydrogel preparations and patent rights associated with it, describing its mechanism of
action against the underlying diseases.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirooxindole Lactones by Ammonium-tethered
Chiral Organocatalysts catalyzed Michael Addition/Cyclization of 3-
hydroxyoxindoles with α,β-unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Graham Robert L. , Mills Kira , Headley Allan D. , Ni Bukuo
Published: April 2023

The ammonium-tethered pyrrolidine-based organocatalyst catalyzed asymmetric Michael
addition/cyclization reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with 3-hydroxyoxindole in aqueous media
was developed, giving the spirooxidole lactones in high yields with high enantioselectivities.

Background:

The asymmetric Michael addition/cyclization reaction of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with α,β-
unsaturated aldehydes is an important method for the synthesis of chiral spirooxindole derivatives,
which are found in a wide range of biologically active natural products and pharmaceutical agents.

Objective:

Organocatalyzed asymmetric Michael addition/cyclization reactions are one of the most
powerful and effective approaches for the construction of complex molecules from relatively simple
starting materials. However, a major problem associated with these organocatalytic system is that high
catalyst loading and organic solvents are required. In the present work, our objective was to develop a
water-compatible organocatalyst that aimed at lowering catalyst loading and being active in an aqueous
system.

Methods:

In a typical experiment, To a solution of catalyst 2a (0.008 mmol) and PhCO2H (0.096
mmol) in 0.5 mL of a mixture solvent iPrOH/H2O (1:3) was added α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (0.4
mmol) and 3-hydroxyoxindole (0.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was proceeded at room temperature
for 16 hours, and then was extracted with 10 mL dichloromethane to give the cyclized hemiacetal,
which was subjected to the direct oxidation with pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC, 1.2 mmol) for 16
hours to give the desired spirooxindole lactones.

Results:

The reactions successfully gave spirooxindole lactones in high to excellent yields (81-95%)
with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). However, the diastereoselectivities
were poor ranging from 1:1.1 to 1:2.3.

Conclusion:

The asymmetric Michael addition/cyclization reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with
3-hydroxyoxindole using ammonium-tethered pyrrolidine-based organocatalyst has been developed.
The reaction was performed in aqueous media with low catalyst loading (2 mol%) and provided the
spirooxidole lactones in high yields (81-95%) with high enantioselectivities (ee: up to 99%).
Landasan Filosofis dan Teori Pendidikan Sejarah dalam Buku Teks Sejarah Kelas X Karya Ratna Hapsari dan M. Adil
Authors: Hotimah Iis Husnul
Published: April 2023

Artikel ini ditulis didasarkan pada buku teks yang memiliki fungsi sebagai sumber belajar siswa. Sehingga buku teks harus diformulasikan dengan berbagai macam teori khususnya teori pendidikan untuk buku teks sejarah. Dalam pembelajaran sejarah, buku teks bukan hanya berisi mengenai fakta-fakta atau penjelasan peristiwa, namun buku teks sejarah juga harus dikembangkan berdasarkan landasan filosofis dan teori pendidikan sejarah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis unsur-unsur landasan filosofis dan teori pendidikan dari buku teks sejarah karya Ratna Hapsari dan M. Adil.  Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menguraikan data mengenai landasan filosofis dan teori pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa landasan filosofis dari buku teks sejarah karya Ratna Hapsari dan M. Adil menggunakan aliran filsafat Progresivisme dan aliran filsafat Rekonstruksionisme, sementara teori yang digunakan dalam buku tersebut adalah Teori Kognitif dan Teori Konstruktivisme.Kata Kunci: Landasan Filosofis, Teori Pembelajaran, Buku Teks Sejarah
INTEGRATING MODELS CHARACTER EDUCATION IN HISTORY LEARNING
Authors: Kumalasari Dyah
Published: April 2023

This article is the result of the 3rd year research. The research was designed into two phases (three years). The first stage has obtained results in the form of identification of the method of learning History in high schools in Yogyakarta, as well as whether or not character education has been integrated into the learning process. Based on this identification, a model of integrating character education into history learning in high school was found and a limited trial was carried out at MAN 1 Yogyakarta. In the second year, the developed model was implemented in three selected schools, namely SMAN 9 Yogyakarta, SMAN 8 Yogyakarta, and SMAN 6 Yogyakarta. In the third year, the dissemination of research results was carried out through training and mentoring activities for history teachers who are members of the DIY Province history MGMP.The dissemination of the research results was carried out in several activities, namely: (1) inviting 100 history teachers who are members of the DIY provincial history MGMP; (2) participated as a co-speaker in an international seminar at the University of Indonesia with the theme "interpreting of Indonesian Independence admist Global Changes in Historical Perspective". Based on the results of the socialization that had been carried out, input was obtained that in general the model was very well received by history teachers. In addition to receiving training, teachers also receive learning videos and guidebooks for implementing learning models in schools. Some things that can be noted during socialization activities are: (1) the role playing model for the material about the events surrounding the proclamation of independence was considered by the teacher to be very appropriate and applicable in the learning process in order to explore the positive characters of each character played; (2) the students who happened to be assigned to play the characters looked excited and enthusiastic, even at SMAN 9 the characters Sukarno, Wikana, and Sukarni seemed to really live their roles; (3) students who just watched, looked enthusiastic to follow until the end of the round and showed interested and not bored faces because the performance time was not long, only about 30-45 minutes, their enthusiasm was also shown when without being coordinated they stood up and enthusiastically sang Indonesia Raya anthem together during the flag-raising scene; (4) the success or failure of this role playing model is applied in the learning process very much depends on the role of the teacher. Teachers who direct and motivate optimally from the start will be followed by student enthusiasm. The success of this model is also determined by the way the teacher reflects on every event that has been played by his students.