bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memoria y globalización de una huaca en el Perú: los inicios de la iconización de Machu Picchu (1910-1915)
Authors: López-Lenci Yazmin
Published: October 2021

El presente estudio aborda el inicio del proceso de construcción moderna del ícono por excelencia de memoria cultural, territorial y nacional que es emblemático de la globalidad para el Perú: Machu Picchu. Para ello, propone e registro de la genealogía simbólico-cultural que ha dado origen al ícono andino- amazónico, a inicios del siglo XX, a partir de una relectura crítica que interrelacione relatos de viajes, informes de expediciones científicas, catálogos naturalistas y visuales, así como narrativas periodísticas y textualidades ligadas a la industria naciente del turismo. A partir del análisis del surgimiento delrelato del “descubrimiento” de una “ciudad perdida”, el artículo analiza los datos sobre los cuales se basa este relato y los objetivos con los cuales fue articulado desde 1910 con la serie de expediciones científicas y arqueológicas a la región del Cusco.
Prevención de la violencia: La voz de jóvenes adolescentes
Authors: Cerdas Agüero Evelyn
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo indaga en las opiniones y actitudes de adolescentes escolarizados y no escolarizados de la comunidad de Ciudad Colón en lo referentea su rol en la prevención de la violencia. La investigación que antecede a este artículo es de corte cualitativo, el método de investigación es el fenomenológicoy las técnicas utilizadas fueron la entrevista en profundidad, la biografía y la escala Likert. La población participante estuvo compuesta por adolescentes  escolarizados y no escolarizados entre 15 y 17 años de edad. El estudio muestra que las personas participantes consideran que la prevención de la violenciaimplica resultados ligados a una mayor seguridad personal, disminución de la violencia directa, tranquilidad y es considerada una forma de incidir en el cambio de las personas para que haya menos violencia interpersonal. Las opiniones y actitudes se configuran en torno a asumir un rol personal vinculado a prácticas de prevención vinculadas al ocio y recreación, la educación, el diálogo, la solidaridad, la comunicación y la información.
Evaluación para el Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes Universitarios en una Realidad Confinada
Authors: Muñoz-Moreno José Luís , Lluch Laia
Published: October 2021

La crisis mundial desatada por el Covid-19 ha afectado a todos los ámbitos de la vida y, por supuesto, también a las universidades. La suspensión de la docencia presencial ha comportado pensar en el futuro, pero también replantearse los presentes desafíos educativos: para qué aprendemos y de qué forma, para qué evaluamos y de qué manera. El propósito de esta contribución consta de presentar una reflexión teórica para delimitar cómo la evaluación formativa de los aprendizajes en la educación superior se puede acomodar en una situación de confinamiento y en el marco de una formación basada en competencias. Para ello, se profundiza en la reflexión teórica y práctica a partir de la sistematización de las evidencias científicas y la revisión de la literatura especializada sobre la temática. Así, la evaluación orientada al aprendizaje se pone en valor como punto de partida, se reivindica la autorregulación mediante la autoevaluación y la evaluación entre iguales y se pone el foco sobre la importancia de adaptar la evaluación mediante exámenes online. Esto implica que el profesorado deba integrar la asunción de alternativas en la situación de confinamiento alrededor del aprendizaje significativo y el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, como un proceso prioritario y preferente para la mejora de su formación.
THE INDIVIDUAL IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN EDUCATION: A PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW
Authors: VOLKOVA SVETLANA
Published: October 2021

The article focuses on the little-studied interrelationship between the human way of being and education. The goal of the study is twofold. First, it is to reconstruct the image of the individual that lies at the basis of the scholars’ worldview. Secondly, it is to develop a model of philosophy that would correspond to this image and correlate with the problems and challenges of modern education. Drawing attention to the widespread use of information and electronic technologies in education, the author argues that the model of human being as embodied presence (embodiment) is very important for pedagogical activities. The significance of this model is that it enables to distinguish the meaning-making dimension of human consciousness so needed by contemporary education. The author demonstrates that an individual sees and cognizes the world not so much with the organs that are available and ready, but rather with those that are constituted in the acts of reflexing. Meaning, therefore, is the reflexive functional organ that reproduces the substance of the personality of a human being as a student. The author also notes that the perception and comprehension of the world is carried out from the perspectives of both the “pure” and the embodied mind. Thus, one of the main tasks of education is to engage and reveal the mind-body system as a source of the subject’s meaning-making activity. So, orienting education towards the individual as a being who does not possess meanings but searches for them will succeed only if the human being is viewed as an integral whole rather than as separate parts. The author concludes that both philosophy and pedagogy need to develop educational anthropology, an interdisciplinary area that would explore the subject of education in the integrity of their three dimensions – mind, body and language, taken as sources of creating meanings.
ДЕОНТОЛОГІЯ І ЕТИКА ЦІННОСТЕЙ В ЕТИЧНІЙ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ Б.О. КІСТЯКІВСЬКОГО
Authors: Datsenko Viktoriia Stanislavivna
Published: October 2021

У статті розглядається проблема співвідношення двох етичних парадигм, репрезентованих етикою Канта і етикою неокантіанства, у творчості українського філософа початку ХХ ст. Б.О.Кістяківського. Показано, що українській філософ у своїй концепції намагається поєднати принципи етичної деонтології і етики цінностей. Це призводить до певного відходу від послідовного раціоналізму, автономії, формальності й універсальності моралі, характерних для етики Канта. Робиться висновок, що етика Б.О.Кістяківського ґрунтується на цінностях, насамперед, на цінності людської особистості, але розгортається як система етичних норм, що утворюють незалежну від природної необхідності сферу належного.
Проблема нації і національного характеру в історіософії Володимира Соловйова
Authors: Meleshchuk Anatoly
Published: October 2021

Сучасна українська нація проходить складний етап випробувань, зовнішньої військової і інформаційної агресії, що актуалізувало національну тематику, посилило інтерес до етнічної культури. Цілком очікувано пожвавилися націоналістичні рухи, як відповідь на спробу поширення «руського миру» і наступу на українську культуру. Та захисна спрямованість націоналізму, у деяких напрямків, часом набуває дискримінаційних, авторитарних, ізоляціоністських рис. Тож постає питання демаркації конструктивного націоналізму і того, що веде до руйнування свободи слова, совісті, віросповідання, користування зручною мовою, а зрештою – розколу суспільства. Відповідь на цю проблему запропонував Володимир Соловйов у другій половині ХІХ століття. Мислитель вважав, що нація має безумовне право на свою особливість, але мета її історичного існування не може полягати у служінні своїй унікальності. Усі нації подібно живому організму поєднані у людстві і мають слугувати загальній меті. Кожна нація повинна здійснювати свій унікальний вклад у загальнолюдський добробут. Одні народи творить науку, інші релігію і духовність, треті філософію. Зрештою найкращі надбання стають загальними і роблять життя людства кращим.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЧИННИК ДЕФОРМАЦІЇ КЛАСИЧНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Khlivniuk Tetiana P.
Published: October 2021

Досліджуються соціальні зміни, зумовлені технологічним прогресом (Четвертою промисловою революцією), та їх вплив на інститут соціальної держави. Питання впливу технологізації на соціальну державу розглянуто з двох позицій: 1) як технологічний прогрес видозмінює модель соціальної держави і чи може призвести до «відмирання» цього інституту; 2) як технології модернізують наявні механізми функціонування класичних моделей соціальної держави. Аналізується вплив роботизації, зростання ролі штучного інтелекту на зайнятість населення (очікуване зростання безробіття). Висловлюється дослідницька гіпотеза, що технологічні новації можуть посилити фінансове навантаження на інститут соціальної держави, яка вже втратила свою стійкість з низки причин і потребує нагальної модернізації. Відтак авторка з’ясовує наявність/відсутність кореляції між технологічним прогресом та потребою реформування моделі соціальної держави з урахуванням соціальних змін на ринку праці та в інших сферах життєдіяльності. Констатована необхідність переосмислення змісту та форми соціальної держави з огляду на глобальні зміни останніх десятиліть. Підкреслено, що ці зміни спричинені цифровізацією, штучним інтелектом, зростанням незахищеності працівників, залучених до нестандартних форм зайнятості і не охоплені соціальним страхуванням. Водночас авторка відзначає невиправданість розгляду технологічного прогресу лише з позицій ризиків для класичних моделей соціальної держави, оскільки очевидними є й переваги, пов’язані зі спрощенням організації надання державами соціальної підтримки. Підкреслено, що технологічний прогрес відкриває як нові можливості, так і посилює наявні та спричиняє нові ризики для соціальної держави, стійкості державних фінансів. Авторка констатує: такі процеси вимагають зміни підходів до системи соціального забезпечення, інституційного «капітального ремонту» соціальної держави.
Estomia intestinal: adversidades e estratégias de cuidado após alta hospitalar
Authors: Machado Larissa Gomes , Da Silva Rosângela Marion , Mendes Valentine Cogo , Tamiozzo Juliana , Pretto Carolina Renz , Lopes Adilaeti Paiva
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: descrever as adversidades vivenciadas e as estratégias de cuidado identificadas por pessoas com estomia intestinal após alta hospitalar.
Metodologia: estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório realizado em um hospital de ensino. Foram incluídas pessoas com estomia intestinal, que tiveram alta hospitalar em um período de até 60 dias a partir do início da coleta dos dados, que ocorreu de março a junho de 2018. Foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada e a análise foi de conteúdo, resultando em categorias temáticas.
Resultados: o estudo contou com a participação de 11 pessoas, que identificaram como adversidades a demora na definição do diagnóstico, as dificuldades na continuidade dos cuidados no domicílio, a desinformação e o medo. As estratégias de cuidado se relacionaram à existência de rede de apoio e da esperança pela reconstrução do trânsito intestinal.
Conclusões: o cuidado às pessoas com estomia intestinal requer o planejamento para alta hospitalar, educação em saúde, fortalecimento de estratégias de cuidado que envolvem suporte social e envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde para continuar o cuidado no domicílio.
Oktatott tárgyak kiértékelése szubjektív hallgatói vélemények alapján
Authors: Kenyeres Éva , Mihálykóné Orbán Éva , Mihálykó Csaba
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A tanulmányban a hallgatói vélemények kiértékelésének
egy lehetséges módját mutatjuk be. A hallgatói vélemények tipikusan
szubjektívek, ezért nehéz mérőszámokat rendelni hozzájuk. Így a hallgatói
véleményeztetést páros összehasonlításokkal tettük meg, és az így kialakult
adatok alapján Thurstone-módszerrel sorba rendeztük az egyes tantárgyakat és
oktatókat, számszerűsítettük a köztük kialakuló különbségeket. Munkánkban a
Pannon Egyetem Mérnöki Karán BSc képzésen oktatott alapvető fontosságú tárgyak
kiértékelését végeztük el néhány szempont alapján, de a módszer alkalmazható más
tárgyakra, illetve szempontokra is.

Summary. In this paper, a method for evaluation of students’
opinions is presented. These opinions are subjective therefore it is difficult
to characterize them by numbers/marks. We asked the opinions by comparing the
objects in pairs and the data are evaluated by the Thurstone method. Applying
this method, we could rank the objects (subjects or teachers) and we could also
determine numerical values for presenting the differences between them. During
this research, we have investigated the basic courses of the BSc studies of the
Faculty of Engineering of the University of Pannonia by some view of points, but
the method is suitable for evaluating other subjects and other questions as
well.
Középiskolások nyelvtanulásának eredményessége az anyagi, kulturális és társadalmi tőke tükrében
Authors: Novák Ildikó
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A hatékony középiskolai nyelvtanulás kérdésköre az
elmúlt évtizedekben a hazai kutatások középpontjába került. Ezen tanulmány egy
gimnáziumi és technikumi tanulók körében folytatott kérdőíves pilot kutatás
eredményeit mutatja be, melynek célja volt feltárni a tanulók anyagi, kulturális
és társadalmi tőkéje, valamint nyelvtanulási eredményessége között meglévő
kapcsolatot. Az eredmények összefüggést mutattak a nyelvtanulási eredményesség
és a szülők iskolai végzettsége, a családi könyvtár nagysága és a csoporttagság
között, azonban az anyagi tőkével való összefüggés nem volt megfigyelhető.

Summary. The importance of effective foreign language learning in
Hungarian secondary schools has become a key focus of research in the last
decades. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire-based pilot study
conducted among secondary grammar and secondary technical school students to
explore the relationship between the language learning effectiveness of the
students and their economic, cultural, and social capital. The results showed
correlations between language learning effectiveness and parental education, the
size of the family library as well as group membership; however, no correlation
with economic capital was detected.
Beyond the cis gays’ cis gaze
Authors: Zimman Lal
Published: October 2021

Trans and other nonnormatively gendered subjectivities served a foundational role in queer linguistics, but it is only recently that a wave of trans researchers have begun to carve out distinctively trans approaches to the study of language. This commentary explores the question of why this shift has taken so long and how certain disciplinary norms have made linguistics a less-than-attractive home for trans scholars, namely an apoliticised ideology of descriptivism, the flippant indulgence of linguistic curiosity and claims to linguistic authority. Importantly, these processes are vulnerable to furthering not only transphobia but also racism, colonialism, ableism and linguistic subjugation. These convergences present opportunities for coalition-based responses to the maintenance of social hierarchies in linguistics and allied disciplines, and underscore the importance of community-based approaches to research on language and gender alterity.
Culture of collaboration
Authors: Whited Jennifer , Damico Jack S.
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to report the results from a research project which focused on understanding how motivation to read is manifested and maintained in children with learning impairments. The participants were enrolled in a specialized university literacy program with graduate student clinicians. Method: An interpretative, qualitative study utilizing components of ethnography and microanalysis was employed to analyze video transcripts of recorded therapy sessions of speech-language pathology student clinicians and children with language disorders. These interactions were coded for the nature of their role in motivating children to read. Results and conclusions: This study revealed that a culture of collaboration was a hallmark of treatment that facilitated motivation in the participants. Two key characteristics of motivated behavior that emerged as a result of this culture of collaboration are identified and described. Additionally, three specific, collaborative, therapeutic strategies found to sustain motivation to read are described.
How can we love what we don’t know?: Children and ecological care
Authors: Boeré Robyn
Published: October 2021

This article addresses the intersection of child ethics and ecological ethics, arguing that ecological care should be viewed as a shared endeavour between children and adults, where each have something to offer to and learn from the other. It is incumbent on adults to foster an embodied, intimate relationship with nature as something that is key to children’s moral development, including their morality of ecological care. This perspective also provides a model of discipleship for adults, characterised as a Rahnerian environmentally-conscious second childhood: by recollecting, observing and mimicking children’s relationship with nature, adults can learn to become like them in their care for the earth.
Dandelion Taraxacum officinale L. As a Promising Tool for Bio-Diagnostics of the State of the Urban Environment
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Onistratenko Nikolay , Roubanova Xenia ,   Volgograd State University
Published: October 2021

The need to expand the list of organisms used in environmental biodiagnostics arises from the variety of pollutants and types of man-made effects on the biosphere. The choice of available test organism should be based on easily detectable and differentiable sensitivity to factors, high reproducibility of seed material, alignment of the genetic line used by the gene pool and phenotype. The paper presents the results of the soil contamination of urban agglomeration study by the bioindication and biotesting method using a dandelion as a bioindicator plant and a test organism. Within the study, the generation of dandelion was obtained and investigated for applicability in biotesting. During the first stage of the study, soil samples were taken in the influence zone of VOAO Khimprom and near the 2nd Prodol’naya avenue of Volgograd. Germination of dandelion seeds showed noticeable differences in growth rates both in comparison with control and in comparison, of prototypes with each other. At the end of the first stage, numerous apomictic seed offspring were obtained to excrete the aligned genetic lineage of test organisms. The expansion of the list of contaminated locations by counting the territories adjacent to the VMK Krasnyi Oktyabr’ showed the detected differentiated physiological reaction of test organisms grown in experimental soil samples. The results of the study confirm the postulate on soil contamination of urban locations with physiologically active pollutants and also characterize the used plant as a sensitive and easily reproducible test organism under artificial conditions. During the two-year experiment the possibility of selecting the genetic lineage Taraxacum officinale with predictable and monotonous properties was proved due to the tendency of this species to apomixis.
Changes in the Territorial Organization of the “Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain” Natural Park with an Increase in Anthropogenic Load in the Period from the Beginning of the 2000s to 2020
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Istomin Sergey , Kholodenko Anna ,   Volgograd State University
Published: October 2021

The territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain within Volgograd region, included in the natural park Volga-Akhtuba floodplain, has been subjected to anthropogenic impact for many years. Initially, in order to regulate economic activities, the natural park space was divided into three functional zones: environmental, recreational, and agricultural. In subsequent years, within the natural park Volga-Akhtuba floodplain, due to the increased anthropogenic load on the landscapes, it became necessary to adjust the spatial organization of areas with different purposes. In the actual version of functional zoning, five functional zones (agrarian landscapes, environmental, recreational, extensive nature management and buffer) are presented. In order to determine the transformation of the natural park Volga-Akhtuba floodplain spatial organization, changes in the functional zoning of this specially protected natural area during the period from the beginning of the 2000s to 2020 were revealed with the use of geoinformation systems. Most of the lands have not changed their legal status. The agricultural zone underwent the main transformation, most of which were transferred to the recreational zone. The territory of environmental zone that includes the most valuable natural complexes and objects has been squeezed out to territories that are less profitable for nature users. The lands of the Sredneakhtubinsky district are most exposed to anthropogenic impact, since this municipality includes significant areas occupied by zones of extensive nature management and agrarian landscapes, within which the most destructive nature management for ecosystems is carried out, while the ratio of nature protection spaces to the area of the municipality is the smallest. In the Svetloyarsk district, the ecological situation is the most favorable, since almost the entire territory is occupied by an environmental functional zone.
Effect of White Willow Bark on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Following Resistance Training: A Pilot Study
Authors: Cheshier Brandie Cai , Jacobson Bert Hans , Diehl Cody
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is discomfort that occurs within 8-24hrs following an unaccustomed bout of physical activity that peaks within 24-27hrs and slowly resolves on its own. White willow bark (WWB) is a nutritional supplement that is believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties like aspirin but without the risk of GI adverse effects. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the effectiveness of WWB on alleviating the symptoms of DOMS following exercise.METHODS Twenty-five individuals volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to take WWB (798mg salicin) or placebo for 5 days following a lower body resistance training session which consisted of 5X10 lunges at 40% body weight (BW) and 3X fatigue leg press at 75%BW. Test procedures included visual analog scale (VAS), mid-thigh circumference and pressure pain threshold. VAS was measured pre, all five days of the supplementation period and day 6 (post-supplementation). All other variables were measured at pre, immediate, day 3(72hrs), and day 6 (post-supplementation).RESULTS No condition X time interaction was observed (p > 0.05) for any variable. However, VAS scores were lower in the WWB compared to the placebo for all time frames. There was a significant main effect of time for VAS scores indicating muscle soreness for hamstrings (p < 0.001), gluteal (p < 0.001), gastrocnemius (p < 0.001) and quadriceps (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant main effect of time for right midthigh pressure pain threshold (p = 0.02), mid-right (p < 0.001) and mid-left (p < 0.001) thigh circumference.CONCLUSIONS WWB may reduce subjective feelings of muscle soreness and appears to have analgesic properties.
The Challenges of the National Physical Education Leader’s Qualifications Framework in Korea: Focus on Improving Qualifications Framework and Revising the Written Examination Subjects
Authors: Jung Deogjo
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to examine and underline the problems regarding the issue in the National Physical Education Leader’s qualification framework which revised in 2015 and provide guidelines for developing a new qualifications framework and revising the written examination subjects.METHODS To Implement an integrated qualifications framework, it’s important to make a decision after listening to various opinions such as the number of levels to be changed, the qualification requirements (testing qualifications) after changing the level system, the academic settings/level of sports, the eligibility requirements between levels. For the structure of the qualification framework integration, integrating it into the two-level or three- level system has the greater advantage in various aspects and it may minimize controversy.CONCLUSIONS The qualification framework should be integrated into the two-level or three-level system, and the selection of the written examination subjects should be revised. To consider the sequence of the courses and learning contents for the National Physical Education Leader qualifications, the following written examination subjects should be included as the compulsory subjects for the three-level, twolevel, or one-level systems respectively: exercise physiology, exercise mechanics, sports psychology, and health education; physical education measurement and evaluation, health and fitness evaluation, exercise prescription, and pathophysiology; and prevention and treatment of sports injuries and training theory. One of the innovative strategies to improve the current exam contents, the following written examination subjects should be eliminated such as sports education, sports ethics, Korean sports history, and sports sociology or significantly reduce the number of questions to be asked. Another strategy is to determine the eligibility qualifications according to standard guidelines on the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for each job area by subject and position according to the qualification system, such as the secondary education teachers exam or the certified nutritionist certification exam, and select exam contents and numbers of the question in each subject according to the essential knowledge and skills. It is also worth considering the question of different ratios.
KEY DIMENSIONS OF DIGITAL MATURITY: A STUDY WITH RETAIL SECTOR COMPANIES IN BRAZIL
Authors: SALUME PAULA K. , BARBOSA MARCELO W. , PINTO MARCELO R. , SOUSA PAULO R.
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this research was to identify which dimensions are related to the establishment of higher levels of digital maturity. Originality/value: There is little academic scientific literature on digital maturity in Brazil. This research will offer subsidies to companies regarding the different dimensions that need to be emphasized by managers in order to achieve a full and effective digital transformation. This information will be valuable to support the digital transformation process of these companies. The study fills a gap in the academic context related to the lack of more comprehensive empirical studies based on digital maturity. Design/methodology/approach: This study evaluated the relationship of eight dimensions of capacity (strategy, leadership, market, operational, people, culture, governance, and technology) with the development of digital maturity. This survey applied an electronic questionnaire to directors of the strategic level of Brazilian retail sector companies located in different regions of Brazil. At the end, a total of 260 valid questionnaires were obtained. The responses were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. Findings: The research results showed that the strategy, market, operations, culture, and technology dimensions are those that are most related to the development of digital maturity.
PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES E ALUNOS SOBRE A VIOLÊNCIA ESCOLAR: UM ESTUDO QUALITATIVO
Authors: Gomes Gilberto de Miranda Ribeiro e Buso , Bittar Cléria Maria Lobo
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as percepções de alunos e professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio sobre a violência escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa que utilizou o grupo focal como forma de coleta de dados. A violência física e verbal foram as respostas mais comuns sobre formas identificadas de violência escolar. Fatores psicológicos e socioeconômicos, prejuízo nas relações familiares, problemas de ordem pessoal e educacional, foram apontados como fatores predisponentes para a ocorrência das diversas formas da violência escolar. Ações de cunho educativo, participação do poder público de forma punitiva (polícia) e presença dos profissionais de psicologia, psiquiatria e da assistência social foram apontados como medidas para coibir a violência escolar, além do maior envolvimento da família na escola. Entende-se que a violência escolar pode ser enfrentada por meio da valorização dos direitos humanos e da ação conjunta da escola, família e comunidade.
Basılı ve Dijital Ortamlarda Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Okuduğunu Anlama Becerilerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: BATLURALKIZ Çağrı , KARAKUŞ TAYŞİ Esra
Published: October 2021

Günümüzde teknolojinin hızla ilerlemesi ve gelişmesi eğitim ortamlarını etkilemiştir. Uzun yıllar basılı ortamlardan görülerek anlamlandırılan harfler ve semboller dijital ortamlardan okunmaya başlanmış ve dijital okuma türü ortaya çıkmıştır. Okuma ortamlarının farklılaşması, okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin karşılaştırılmasını ve hangi ortamda okuduğunu anlamanın daha başarılı olduğunun tespit edilmesi durumunu gerekli hale getirmiştir. Bu araştırmada amaç altıncı sınıf öğrencilerinin ekrandan ve kâğıttan okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırma, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı Kütahya il merkezinde bulunan devlet okullarında 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 397 altıncı sınıf öğrencisi eşit gruplar haline getirilerek uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırmada verilerin analizinde nedensel karşılaştırma araştırması kullanılmıştır. Yapılan uygulama sonucunda öğrenci grupları arasında ekrandan ve kâğıttan okuduğunu anlama başarı seviyeleri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.
“Okul Deneyimi” ve “Öğretmenlik Uygulaması” Dersleri Açısından Türkiye ve Finlandiya’da Ana Dili Öğretmeni Yetiştirme Süreci
Authors: ÇAKMAKÇI Celal Can , DEMİR Necati
Published: October 2021

Öğretmen adaylarının hizmet öncesi eğitimlerinde aldıkları teorik dersler kadar mesleki deneyim kazandırmaya yönelik derslerin de önemi vardır. Ortaokullar için Türkçe öğretmeni yetiştiren programlarda söz konusu dersler okul deneyimine ve öğretmenlik uygulamalarına dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, dünyada eğitim alanında “model” olarak kabul edilen ülkelerin başında gelen Finlandiya’da ana dili öğretmeni yetiştiren yükseköğretim programlarında uygulanmakta olan okul deneyimi ve öğretmenlik uygulaması derslerinin Türkçe eğitimi programlarındakiler ile karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu noktadan hareketle, Türkiye’de ana dili öğretmeni yetiştirme programlarının içeriğinde düzenlemeler yapılırken istifade edilebilecek somut öneriler getirilebilecektir. Bu araştırma nitel durum çalışması olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını Türkiye ve Finlandiya’daki ana dili öğretmeni yetiştirme programları oluşturduğu için araştırmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın alt problemlerinden hareketle karşılaştırmalı olarak veriler düzenlenmiştir. Sonrasında verilerin benzerlik ve farklılıkları tespit edilmiştir. İstatistiksel işlem olarak yüzde hesaplamaları kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın en dikkat çeken sonucu, Fince öğretmeni yetiştirme sürecindeki staj derslerinin Türkçe öğretmeni yetiştiren programlardakilere nazaran müfredat içerisinde daha ağırlıklı olarak yer aldığının tespitidir. Bu doğrultuda, araştırmada mesleki deneyim kazandıran derslerin programdaki payının arttırılması için Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının hizmet öncesi eğitim sürecinin uzatılması gerektiği önerilmiştir. Öte yandan, Türkiye’de yaşanan uygulama okulu bulma konusundaki zorlukların aşılabilmesi için eğitim fakültelerine bağlı olarak hizmet veren uygulama okullarının kurulması önemli ölçüde fayda sağlayacaktır.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Metindilbilim Dersine İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: CİN ŞEKER Zeynep
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının lisans eğitimi sürecinde aldıkları Metindilbilim dersine yönelik görüş ve önerilerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma modellerinden temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Atatürk Üniversitesi Kâzım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalında 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim gören ve bahar döneminde Metindilbilim dersini alan 38 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının Metindilbilim dersinin lisans programında yer almasının gerekli olduğunu düşündükleri tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarına göre Metindilbilim dersinin, kendi metin çözümleme süreçlerine, mesleki yaşamlarında dil becerilerinin geliştirilmesi, metni anlama ve çözümleme çalışmaları, metne yönelik etkinlik tasarlama bağlamında katkı sunacağını ifade etmişlerdir. Metindilbilim dersinin teorik bilgilerle birlikte bol uygulama ve etkinlik tasarlama süreçlerini de içermesi gerektiğini belirten öğretmen adayları, ders süresinin artırılması ve ders içeriğinde farklı metin türlerine yönelik daha fazla uygulama ile karşılaşmak istediklerini vurgulamışlardır.
Metin Tutarlılığı Değerlendirme Çerçevesi Önerisi
Authors: DİLEKÇİ Atilla
Published: October 2021

Çalışmanın amacı, bir tutarlılık değerlendirme çerçevesi geliştirmektir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında ilgili alanyazın taranmış ve metin tutarlığının değerlendirilmesine yönelik 15 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. 8 çalışmada ölçeklerin, kalan 7 çalışmada ise tema başlıklarının kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmalardaki değerlendirme kriterleri karşılaştırılmış, kategorilere ayrılmış ve ortak değerlendirme kriterleri belirlenmiştir. Değerlendirme ölçütlerinin belirlenmesinde metin yazma süreçlerine odaklanan çalışmalardan yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analize dayalı olarak konu, ana fikirler ve yardımcı fikirler, işlev, üst metin ve metin türüne uygun dil kullanımı, bağlantılar ve geçişler, içerik organizasyonu ve başlıktan oluşan 7 boyutlu bir değerlendirme çerçevesi oluşturulmuştur. Bu değerlendirme çerçevesinin metin yazarlarına ve değerlendiricilere rehberlik etmede yararlı bir araç olacağı umulmaktadır.
Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerine Göre Yazma Eğitimini Olumsuz Etkileyen Unsurlar ve Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: KOKKOKOĞLU Halil , DOĞAN Yusuf
Published: October 2021

Araştırmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin yazma eğitimiyle ilgili karşılaştıkları sorunları ve bu sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerinin neler olduğunu tespit etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni çerçevesinde yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı bünyesinde görev yapan 25 Türkçe öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların görüşlerini tespit etmek için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular içerik analizine tabi tutularak irdelenmiş ve kategoriler hâlinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre yazma eğitimi sürecini olumsuz etkileyen unsurların “öğrenci; aile, okul ve çevre; ders kitabı; ders saati ve müfredat; MEB ve eğitim sistemi; öğretmen; öğrencilerin ilkokul eğitimi; öğretmenlerin lisans eğitimi” olmak üzere sekiz farklı nedene dayandığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin yazma becerisini geliştirmek için sundukları önerilerin ise “öğrenci; uygulama, etkinlik; aile, okul ve çevre; ders kitabı; ders saati ve müfredat; MEB ve eğitim sistemi; öğretmen; öğrencilerin ilkokul eğitimi; öğretmenlerin lisans eğitimi” olmak üzere dokuz farklı kategoride toplandığı görülmüştür. Görüşme yapılan öğretmenler, yazma eğitimini olumsuz etkileyen unsurlar konusunda farklı görüşler ortaya koymuşlar, söz konusu sorunları çözmeye yönelik ise daha dar kapsamlı öneriler geliştirmişlerdir.
Modelo multicriterio AHP-TOPSIS: una estrategia para evaluar alternativas de generación de energía eléctrica a partir de fuentes renovables
Authors: Hernández Vásquez José Daniel , Solano De La Rosa Jhonathan Eduardo , Ferreira Medina Farid Enrique
Published: October 2021

Objetivo:  Evaluar el desempeño de tecnologías para la generación de energía eléctrica a partir de fuentes renovables en la costa caribe colombiana utilizando el modelo multicriterio AHP-TOPSIS. Metodología o método: La motivación para el desarrollo de este tema se fundamenta en la necesidad identificada por el sector energético de la región para identificar alternativas que permitan suplir las necesidades del consumo de energía regional, además de contribuir a una matriz energética nacional sostenible. Considerando que una determinada tecnología puede ser más viable, en base a la información disponible en la literatura especializada, el problema fue analizado teniendo en cuenta tres criterios: económico, ambiental y técnico. La metodología analítica adoptada se basa en la aplicación de métodos multicriterios híbridos AHP-TOPSIS. Resultados: Los resultados consolidados permitieron: (i) establecer un ranking de las distintas tecnologías para la generación de energía eléctrica a partir de fuentes renovables, siendo la energía Fotovoltaica aquella de mayor peso y la Energía Hidráulica la de menor peso; (ii) confirmar que el criterio económico es el más crítico al momento de evaluar el desempeño de una tecnología. De igual forma, se estableció que el riesgo de la inversión es el subcriterio más crítico de los nueve evaluados. Conclusiones: El trabajo permitió concluir que el dinamismo del mercado internacional, diversas políticas sustentables, así como la actual crisis política que repercute en los países latinoamericanos permiten explicar la inestabilidad de la economía en pro de invertir en alternativas tecnológicas. Razón por la cual, el criterio económico y el subcriterio relacionado al riesgo de la inversión fueron considerados los más críticos en el estudio realizado.
Regulación definitiva de la pensión alimentaria por los conciliadores como delegatarios de la jurisdicción
Authors: Jaimes Sánchez Brenda Neliet , Cano Alfonso Sandra Katerine , Vicuña de la Rosa Maximo
Published: October 2021

Este artículo, es el producto final del trabajo de investigación realizado sobre la naturaleza juridica de la conciliación desde la óptica del sistema constitucional, legal y jurisprudencial colombiano. Observada la delegación de la jurisdicción en los particulares que de manera transitoria consagra el artículo 116 superior, se analizó la eficacia juridica de la facultad extrajudicial que tienen los conciliadores para fijar la pensión alimentaria definitiva de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. La metodología que se utilizó en el desarrollo del proyecto fue de enfoque cualitativo eminentemente historio - hermenéutico, aplicando como instrumento la matriz de análisis documental a normas nacionales e internacionales y sentencias de la Corte Constitucional. Se estableció, que la norma constitucional considera la conciliación como una delegación de la jurisdicción, mientras que, el sistema legal y la línea jurisprudencial de las Cortes establece que la naturaleza jurídica de esta institución es de carácter contractual e instrumento procesal, restándole eficacia a la facultad que tienen los conciliadores para administrar justicia de manera temporal en la fijación de la mesada alimentaria de los menores.
Risk and prognosis of secondary bladder cancer after postoperative radiotherapy for gynecological cancer
Authors: Wen Li , Zhong Guansheng , Zhang Yingjiao , Zhong Miaochun
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of radiation therapy (RT) on the occurrence risk of secondary bladder cancer (SBC) and on the patients’ survival outcome after being diagnosed with gynecological cancer (EC). The data was obtained from the SEER database between 1973 and 2015. Chi-squared test was used to compare the clinicopathological characteristics among the different groups. Fine and Gray’s competing risk model was used to assess the cumulative incidence and occurrence risk of SBC in GC survivors. Kaplan-Meier method was utilized for survival analysis. A total of 123,476 GC patients were included, among which 31,847 (25.8%) patients received RT while 91629 (74.2%) patients did not. The cumulative incidence of SBC was 1.59% or 0.73% among patients who had received prior GC specific RT or not, respectively. All EBRT (standardized incidence ratio (SIR) =2.49, 95% CI [2.17-2.86]), brachytherapy (SIR =1.96, 95% CI [1.60-2.38]), and combinational RT modality groups (SIR =2.73, 95% CI [2.24-3.28]) had dramatically higher SBC incidence as compared to the US general population. Receiving EBRT (HR = 2.83, 95% CI [2.34–3.43]), brachytherapy (HR = 2.17, 95% CI [1.67–2.82]), and combinational RT modality (HR = 2.97, 95% CI [2.34–3.77]) were independent risk factors for SBC development. Survival detriment was observed in SBC patients who received RT after GC diagnosis, as compared to those who did not receive RT. In conclusion, patients who underwent RT after GC had an increased risk of developing bladder as a secondary primary cancer. A long-term surveillance for SBC occurrence is necessary for GC patients who have received prior RT.
The Simulated Random Assignment of Missense Mutations Throughout a Gene of Interest Can Determine Whether Missense Mutations Found in That Gene in a Population of Tumor Genomes Are Non-Randomly Distributed v1
Authors: L Cullum Richard , J Riese II David
Published: October 2021

Human malignancies result from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes to normal cells. In many malignancies, gain-of-function mutations in oncogenes and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes drive tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The identification of tumor driver mutations and the genes that host such mutations is critical for the molecular staging and targeted therapy of malignancies. Since tumor driver mutations cause tumorigenesis or tumor progression, the proliferation of tumor cells selects for these mutations. Thus, in a gene that hosts tumor driver mutations, there will be a non-random distribution of mutations across the gene, as mutations that provide a selective advantage for the tumor cells will predominate over mutations that do not provide a selective advantage for the tumor cells. Consider a particular gene in a population of tumor genomes; the total number of coincident missense mutations in that gene, defined here as two or more missense mutations that affect a particular codon, will be greater than the total number of coincident missense mutations that arise through random assignment of missense mutations across the gene. Consequently, here we use the R Statistical Computing environment to simulate the random assignment of missense mutations across a user-specified gene. The number of randomly assigned missense mutations is defined by the user and should be equal to the total number of missense mutations observed in the desired gene in the collection of tumor genomes of interest. Based on the simulated random assignment of missense mutations, the R code then determines the total number of simulated coincident and non-coincident mutations. This simulation is repeated a user-defined number of times, and the average number of simulated coincident and non-coincident mutations is calculated from the set of simulations. The R code then uses a Chi-square test to determine whether the observed number of coincident mutations (in the gene of interest in a collection of tumor genomes) significantly exceeds the average number of simulated coincident mutations. A positive result indicates that the gene hosts a non-random distribution of missense mutations and suggests that the gene hosts tumor driver mutations. We have used this R code to analyze mutations in the ERBB4 receptor tyrosine kinase gene that are found in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Our analysis indicates that the number of coincident mutations observed in ERBB4 in the TCGA dataset is statistically greater than the number of coincident mutations that arise from the simulated random assignment of missense mutations across the ERBB4 gene. This finding indicates that the distribution of missense mutations in ERBB4 in the TCGA dataset is non-random.
Personal Self-Activation Inventory: an Experience of Item Response Theory Application
Authors: Radchikova N.P. , Odintsova M.
Published: October 2021

Personal self-activation inventory that measures a psychological construct reflecting person’s internal voluntary activity is considered in the article. The inventory includes three components (scales): independence, physical activation and psychological activation. In the framework of the Item Response Theory (IRT), the model of graded responses was applied. It is shown that all questions of the inventory have the discriminability not lower than moderate. The graphs of the information function for each scale indicate that the measurements of the self-activation components are fairly accurate in the range from low values to values significantly higher than the mean, and only the highest values (exceeding the mean by two standard deviations or more) are not measured accurately. A moderate positive correlation between self-activation and the average grade can serve as verification of the inventory criterion validity. Discriminant validity estimation, which was carried out by calculating correlations with other similar constructs (self-control, personal dynamism, hardiness), showed that hardiness is the most similar to self-activation construct. Incremental validity estimation has shown that when self-activation is added to the prediction model of performance based on personal resources, the variance explained is increased much more than by adding hardiness. This indicates that the self-activation construct has some incremental validity and reflects a psychological reality that is different from the construct of hardiness.
Current methods of treatment infectious inflammatory diseases of ear and upper respiratory tracts
Authors: Soldatov I. B. , Belikova N. N. , Khrappo N. S. , Al-Mamari K. A.
Published: October 2021

The experience of the treatment of acute and chronic purulent otitis media by the meatotympanal injection of medicinal agents, the use of laser energy and ozone is given. The method of the functional diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis rheoteonsillography, as well as the stages of intensive therapy of acute laryngotracheitis in children are described. The data of the use of laser irradiation in combined treatment of mycoses of the ear and upper respiratory tracts are given.
Immunologic investigations of perilymph in patients with otosclerosis
Authors: Svatko L. G. , Reshetnikov N. N.
Published: October 2021

The investigation of the dynamics of the content of IgA, IgM, IgG and antibodies to DNA in blood serum and perilymph of 30 patients with otosclerosis, in 20-th active stage and in 10-th nonactive one, shows the plausible increase of the levels of IgG and antobodies to DNT, more pronounced in the active stage of the disease relative to the nonactive stage. The inverse correlation between immunologic characteristics and ear levels is found: namely, the decrease of IgG levels and antibodies to DNA in perilymph of patients with otosclerosis and hence, the decrease of the process activity is accompanied by the auditory function suppression in the form of the increase of perception theresholds of osteoconductive sounds on vocal and high rates.
Distribution of histocompatibility antigens among patients with otosclerosis
Authors: Ismagilov S. M.
Published: October 2021

HLA-A-B-C phenotypes in 105 patients with otosclerosis, verificated during operation and correlated with the results of histoiden- tification of 113 healthy persons are determined. It is suggested that the ethnic sign does not influence the formation of the peculiarities of HLA polymorphism. The patients were devided into two groups: with familial predisposition to otosclerosis (33) and without it (72). A2, В12, Bx, Cx antigens are more frequent among them and A28, В18, B27, B40 and Cwl are less common. The associations, intending among the patients, are absent in patients with familial agrgation. The conclusions are made of the absence of the HLA-association of familial forms of otosclerosis and the existence of the gene, determinating the stability to the development of otosclerosis (HLA-B40). It is not inconceivable that genes exist, predisposing to the development of infamilial form of the disease (B12).