bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Independent and Synergistic Effects of High Blood Pressure and Obesity on Retinal Vasculature in Young Children: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study
Authors: Ho Agnes , Cheung Carol Y. , Wong Jason S. , Zhang Yuzhou , Tang Fang Yao , Kam Ka Wai , Young Alvin L. , Chen Li Jia , Ip Patrick , Wong Tien Y. , Pang Chi Pui , Tham Clement C. , Yam Jason C.
Published: January 2021

Background

High blood pressure (BP) and obesity are becoming increasingly prevalent among children globally. Although prior studies have shown their adverse impacts on macrovascular health, less is known about their effects on microvascular heath. This study aims to evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of hypertensive BP and obesity on retinal vasculature in young children.

Method and Results

1006 children aged 6 to 8 years were recruited from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study. Quantitative retinal vascular parameters, including central retinal arteriolar and venular equivalents and retinal arteriolar and venular fractal dimensions, were measured from retinal photographs following a standardized protocol. BP and body mass index were categorized according to reference values from American Academy of Pediatrics and International Obesity Task Force guidelines respectively. Children with hypertensive systolic BP had the narrowest central retinal arteriolar equivalents compared with children with either elevated or normotensive systolic BP (162.4, 164.6, and 167.1 µm;
P
‐trend <0.001). Increased standardized systolic BP was associated with narrower central retinal arteriolar equivalents (β=−2.276 µm,
P
<0.001), wider central retinal venular equivalents (1.177,
P
=0.007), and decreased arteriolar fractal dimensions (β=−0.004,
P
=0.034). Children with obesity had the smallest arteriolar fractal dimensions compared with children with overweightness and normal weight (1.211, 1.234, and 1.240;
P
‐trend=0.004). Children with both hypertensive BP and either overweightness or obesity had the narrowest central retinal arteriolar equivalents and smallest arteriolar

D
f

(
P
‐trend<0.001 and
P
‐trend=0.007).

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate the potential synergistic or additive effects for both hypertensive BP and obesity on retinal vasculature in children.
Unruptured Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Volovici Victor , Schouten Joost W. , Vajkoczy Peter , Dammers Ruben , Meling Torstein R.
Published: January 2021

Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are vascular lesions that carry significant morbidity and mortality risk upon rupture. bAVM rupture causes either intracerebral or intraventricular hemorrhage, or both. In 2014, the first results of the ARUBA trial (A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations) were published in
The Lancet
, causing a paradigm shift in clinical practice and suggesting the superiority of medical treatment in terms of mortality or stroke compared with any intervention designed to obliterate the AVM. In 2020, the final results of the ARUBA trial were published. In this Viewpoint, we critically review the clinical equipoise behind the trial, highlight issues regarding external validity, and place the results of the trial in the context of other results in scientific literature of bAVMs using Bayesian inference. ARUBA is a trial of decision-making, and only proper knowledge of the nuances of its interpretation within the broader context of bAVM research can lead to proper decision-making when confronted with patients with unruptured bAVMs.
Leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae of the Indian subcontinent: 1. Description of Yelahanka gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with seven new species and new combinations
Authors: VIRAKTAMATH C.A. , WEBB M. D. , YESHWANTH H.M.
Published: January 2021

One new genus of the tribe Ledrini, Yelahanka gen. nov. is described with Petalocephala granulosa Distant as its type species. The genus is characterised by the flexing of the forewing laterad of a strongly carinate or keeled outer claval vein and the claval veins fused in the distal two thirds. Seven new species, Yelahanka canaraica sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Y. kodaiensis sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), Y. montana sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), Y. nepalica sp. nov. (Nepal), Y. sikkimensis sp. nov. (India: Sikkim), Y. shillongensis sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya) and Y. trifida sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh) are described and illustrated. The following new combinations are proposed: Yelahanka bainbriggei (Distant) comb. nov., Y. granulosa (Distant) comb. nov., Y. punctata (Walker) comb. nov. and Y. tabulata (Distant) comb. nov.; originally punctata was placed in the genus Ledra Fabricius and remaining species were placed in Petalocephala Stål. Petalocephala bainbriggei Distant 1916 is treated as a junior synonym of Y. granulosa (Distant 1910) syn. nov. and P. tabulata Distant 1908 is treated as a junior synonym of Yelahanka punctata (Walker 1851) syn. nov. Y. granulosa is newly recorded from Africa (Tanzania and Kenya) and Malaya. Relationships of the new genus with other genera of Ledrini are discussed and a key to species of the genus is also provided.
Description of a new species of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826 (Araneae, Zodariidae) from Algeria
Authors: BOUSEKSOU SAMIRA , ABROUS-KHERBOUCHE OURIDA , BOSMANS ROBERT , BELADJAL LYNDA
Published: January 2021

A new species of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826 is described based on material collected in different regions in Algeria. Morphological, diagnostic characters and illustrations of the genitalia of both sexes are presented. The samples reveal different phenological activities for males and females, and that the species occurs in agro-ecosystem habitats.
Larval Taxonomy and Distribution of Genus Hydropsyche (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Northwestern Algeria
Authors: BEMMOUSSAT-DEKKAK SOUMYA , ABDELLAOUI-HASSAINE KARIMA , SARTORI MICHEL , MORSE JOHN C. , ZAMORA-MUÑOZ CARMEN
Published: January 2021

The main purpose of our paper is to document genus Hydropsyche (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in northwestern Algeria and to provide the larval descriptions of the species set. Larvae, pupae, and imagines were collected from 14 sampling sites over a five-year period (2014–2019). Eight Hydropsyche species have been identified, with Hydropsyche siltalai being a new record for Algeria and North Africa, and Hydropsyche pellucidula a new record for Algeria. A comparison of our checklist with those of the Moroccan Rif and Europe is provided, as well as the geographical distribution of each species. This Algerian Hydropsyche species revision provides precise and reliable taxonomic characters for distinguishing larvae of the species, and a taxonomic key is proposed for their identification. In addition, information regarding their distribution is included.
A contribution to adequate use of freshwater sponges as a proxy in paleoenvironmental studies
Authors: DOCIO L. , PAROLIN M. , PINHEIRO U.
Published: January 2021

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the environments where freshwater sponges occur and evaluates the use of sponge spicules as a proxy in paleoenvironmental studies in the Neotropical region. The paper aims to: I) review the information about the ecology of inland sponges to facilitate the use of spicules as a paleoenvironmental tool; and II) identify possible incongruities in the use of this information in paleoenvironmental reconstructions that have been conducted in Neotropical regions. The study compiled data on 77 sponge species, specialist or generalist that occur under certain environmental conditions, such as: substrate type for growth, hydrodynamic types, as well as salinity and acidity concentrations. In addition, it provides a comparison of the paleoenvironmental conditions applied to reconstruction studies that have been carried out within this biogeographic region, highlighting incongruities regarding the current ecology of the sponges.
Cabardites, a new genus for the “Adites” maculata (Poujade, 1886) species-group, with descriptions of five new species from northern Indochina and eastern China (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)
Authors: VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , ČERNÝ KAREL
Published: January 2021

The new genus Cabardites gen. n. is erected for the Adites maculata (Poujade, 1886) species-group with Asura limbata Wileman, 1911 as the type species. Four new species are described: Cabardites phifa Volynkin & Černý, sp. n. (North Thailand), C. auco Volynkin & Černý, sp. n. (North Vietnam), C. guanyin Volynkin & Černý, sp. n. (East China), C. tiendung Volynkin & Černý, sp. n. (North Vietnam) and C. varanagara Volynkin & Černý, sp. n. (North Thailand). Cabardites pica (Wileman, 1911), stat. & comb. n. is excluded from the synonymy with C. limbata stat. rev. & comb. n. and raised to the species level. Parasiccia fuscipennis Hampson, 1914 is synonymized with C. pica. Parasiccia karenkonis Matsumura, 1930 is excluded from the synonymy with C. maculata (Poujade, 1886), comb. n. and its belonging to the genus Metaemene Hampson (Erebidae, Boletobiinae) proposed by Poole (1989) is confirmed: Metaemene karenkonis (Matsumura, 1930), comb. rev. A new combination is established: Cabardites maculata (Poujade, 1886), comb. n. The lectotypes are designated for Parasiccia maculata var. formosibia Strand, 1917 and Asura limbata Wileman, 1911. Adults, male and female genitalia of all species of the genus are illustrated.
The first record of the Nearctic genus Kearfottia Fernald, 1904 (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) from the Palaearctic Region (Japan)
Authors: SAIGUSA TOYOHEI , SUGIMOTO MIKA
Published: January 2021

Kearfottia japonica Saigusa & Sugimoto, sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) is described from Japan. This species is the second species of the genus Kearfottia hitherto known only from one Nearctic species, K. albifasciella Fernald, 1904. Bionomics of the Japanese species, systematic position and zoogeography of the genus are discussed.
A review of Capezoum Adlbauer, 2003 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) with the description of two new species from the Succulent Karoo ecosystem in South-Africa
Authors: MAQUART PIERRE-OLIVIER , VITALI FRANCESCO , BATE RIANA
Published: January 2021

Capezoum Adlbauer, 2003 is known only from male specimens. Herein, we describe two new species: Capezoum richardi sp. nov. and C. brunneopunctatus sp. nov., from the Northern Cape region in South-Africa. The discovery of these new species, one of them represented by both sexes, allowed us to describe the hitherto unknown female. Moreover, the genus is transferred to the tribe Xystrocerini and a key to the species of the genus is provided. Lastly, the position of Mythozoum Thomson, 1878 in Cerambycidae is discussed.
New record of Agrisius Walker (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of a new species
Authors: BAYARSAIKHAN ULZIIJARGAL , LEE TAK-GI , VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , YUNUSBAEV URAL , KWON HYUNG WOOK , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: January 2021

The genus Agrisius Walker (1855) is reported for the first time in Cambodia, for the new species Agrisius nigripunctata sp. n. Additionally, Agrisius fuliginosus is reported for the first time in Laos, Myanmar, China, Thailand and Vietnam. Illustrations of the adult and genitalia of Agrisius nigripunctata sp. n. and A. fuliginosus Moore are presented.
First record of the West Nile virus bridge vector Culex modestus Ficalbi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belgium, validated by DNA barcoding
Authors: DE WOLF KATRIEN , VANDERHEYDEN ANN , DEBLAUWE ISRA , SMITZ NATHALIE , GOMBEER SOPHIE , VANSLEMBROUCK ADWINE , MEGANCK KENNY , DEKONINCK WOUTER , DE MEYER MARC , BACKELJAU THIERRY , MÜLLER RUTH , VAN BORTEL WIM
Published: January 2021

A thorough knowledge of the presence and spatio-temporal distribution patterns of vector species are pivotal to assess the risk of mosquito-borne diseases in Europe. In 2018, a Culex larva was collected during routine monitoring activities to intercept exotic Aedes mosquito species in the port of Antwerp (Kallo, Belgium). The larva, collected from a pond in mid-September, was morphologically identified as Culex modestus, and this identification was subsequently confirmed by COI barcoding. It is the first confirmed record of this West Nile virus bridge vector in Belgium. The present study also demonstrates the value of DNA-based identification techniques to validate the presence of potential vector species.
Radiocarbon Determination of the Carbon-Based Biomass Blending Ratio by Analysing Flue Gas Emitted from Coupled Combustion
Authors: He Ailing , Li Zaifeng , Li Jinping , Wang Xin , Zhang Liya , Wang Zhiwei , He Xiaofeng , Yang Shuhua , Xin Xiaofei , Sun Tanglei , Li Zijie , Lei Tingzhou
Published: January 2021

The determination of carbon-based biomass blending ratio was a prerequisite for the large-scale development of the coupled combustion technology of biomass and coal. In this study, the experimental system of the radiocarbon method to detect the carbon-based biomass blending ratio by
analyzing the flue gases produced during coupled combustion was built, and the calculation model of the carbon-based biomass blending ratio was proposed, and the accuracy and precision of the radiocarbon method were evaluated. The results showed that there was a good linear relationship between
the 14C concentration of CO2 samples and biogenic fractions in flue gas. The application of the new calculation model improved the accuracy of the 14C determination method, and the relative error increased as the carbon-based biomass blending ratio decreased in the 14C method: the
minimum relative error of the carbon-based biomass blending ratio with carbon-based assay was 15.16%,12.21%, 9.61%, 7.96% and 3.13% when considering coal and air simultaneously in AMS analysis. This further validated the 14C determination method as an accurate method for identifying the carbon-based
biomass blending ratio in biomass and coal coupled combustion.
Effects of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Services Value in an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone
Authors: Zhang Li , Jin Xin
Published: January 2021

Human activities and the demand for biomass and biobased energy can lead to changes in land use. Songyuan City is a typical farming-pastoral ecotone in northeast China, to investigate the land use change in this area, the Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images in 2000, 2010 and 2019 were
analyzed. The land use in the ecotone in 2030 was predicted, as well as the changing characteristic of its ecosystem services value (ESV). The results showed that paddy field has had the highest annual growth rate and the ESV has increased by 338.6 million Chinese Yuan (CNY) in the past 19
years. The areas of dry field, paddy field, water bodies, wetland, and building land showed an upward trend with the dry field having the most growth of 49,596 hm2, whereas the areas of forestland, meadowland, and unused land showed a downward trend; and ESV increases from 3.5714
billion CNY in 2010 to 3.6236 billion CNY in 2030. Accuracy check and sensitivity analysis indicated a reliable result, which could provide reference to the ecologically sustainable development.
Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (TRAP) for Assessing Genetic Diversity and Relationships Among Cultivated Populations of Dendrobium officinale
Authors: Ding Bingzhong , Zhang Benhou , Li Chao , Xue Qingyun , Liu Wei , Ding Xiaoyu , Niu Zhitao
Published: January 2021

Dendrobium officinale (Orchidacesae) is one of the rare and endangered species of herbs in China. Therefore, it will be beneficial to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships of cultivated populations of D. officinale for quality improvement. In this study,
eight target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) primer combinations were selected from fifty-four combinations, which were designed based on the related genes of the polysaccharides and alkaloids. A total of 148 fragments were scored in nine cultivated populations of D. officinale,
including 130 (87.84%) polymorphic fragments. The analysis of genetic diversity revealed high level of genetic diversity in cultivated populations of D. officinale (H = 0.4125, I = 0.5985). Based on analysis of genetic structure, there was a moderate variation (Gst
= 0.4706) and lower gene flow (Nm = 0.5625) among the cultivated populations due to some isolated measures, and domestication of excellent cultivars. Moreover, UPGMA dendrogram and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) indicated that nine cultivated populations were divided
into four major groups. The results suggested that genetic relationships were associated with geographical germplasm sources instead of cultivation locations. Therefore, TRAP markers can be effectively employed to analyze genetic diversity and relationships among cultivated populations of
D. officinale.
Effect of Se Enrichment on Improving the Quality of Camellia Oil from Different Source Varieties
Authors: Liu Jie , Wu Lichao , Tan Yimin
Published: January 2021

Se-enriched camellia oil has received increasing attention because it can improve the Se intake of diet for Se deficiency areas and has a wide spectrum of biological effects. Six main cultivars of camellia oil in Guangxi, including Camellia oleifera cenxiruanzhi 2 (CR2), CR3,
C. oleifera xianglin 4 (XL4), XL40, C. oleifera changlin 1 (CL1), and CL210, were selected for fertilization experiment to produce Se-enriched camellia oil and investigated the effect of Se enrichment on quality. The Se content in camellia oil of six varieties was significantly increased
by Se fertilizer application. CR2 had the maximum Se content and raise ratio compared to CK, which was 0.87 mg kg−1 and fourfold, respectively. The Se contents in XL1, XL210, CR3, CL4, and CL40 improved by 2.14-, 2.77-, 3.58-, 2.56-, and 3.79-fold, respectively. Se fertilizer
reduced the acid and peroxide values and increased the squalene and tocopherol contents. The acid value decreased by 38.29%–61.30%, the peroxide value decreased by 20.66%–61.79%, the tocopherol content increased by 7.76%–32.78%, and the squalene content increased by 13.53%–77.39%.
The quality indices were significantly different among camellia oil varieties. Principal component analysis showed that CR2 obtained the highest score by comprehensive evaluation. Se fertilization, particularly for CR2 species, can significantly increase the contents of Se as well as functional
components, such as squalene and tocopherol, and thus improve the quality of camellia oil
Isolation and Physicochemical Characterization of Melanin from Ova of Rana chensinensis
Authors: Sheng Zhili , Wu Shiyu , Wang Danyang , Wang Yuhua , Piao Chunhong , Yu Hansong , Liu Junmei
Published: January 2021

Melanin was widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. In this study, melanin was isolated from the ova of Rana chensinensis (OORC) by means of enzymatic hydrolysis assisted with NaOH. Infrared spectrometry, elemental analyzer, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy
were performed to explore optimal protein extraction methods and physicochemical characterization of extracted OORC melanin. The results showed that OORC melanin was mainly composed of amino, hydroxy, C=C, C=O, CH2, CH, and aromatic ring groups. The S:N ratio in the OORC melanin was 0.05,
consisting mostly of eumelanin and a little protein. The optimal protein extraction method was 0.66 mol/L NaOH, 40 °C for 87 min, and the suitable ratio of NaOH solution to raw material was 20.7:1. This research was aimed at providing a reference for the development and utilization
of melanin.
Determination and Evaluation of Flavonoids in Hawthorn in China
Authors: Hou Wenzhe , Wang Yuting , Wang Wei , Zhi Meili , Gou Xinlei , Qian Chong , Zhang Fang
Published: January 2021

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) is a common agricultural product with applications in medicine and food in China. In particular, the flavonoids in hawthorn have important medicinal effects. To quantify the flavonoid contents in hawthorn fruit of different regions in China
and scientifically guide the reasonable consumption of hawthorn, 12 flavonoids in hawthorn samples from Shandong (SD), Henan (HN), Shaanxi (SAX), Shanxi (SX), and Jiangsu (JS) were detected by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total flavonoid content in the Henan
sample from hawthorn was the highest, at 177.94 μg · g−1, and the Jiangsu sample was the lowest at 124.67 μg · g−1. Epicatechin was the flavonoid with the highest concentration in samples from all regions, and the average content
in Shandong samples reached 73.44 μg · g−1. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were also performed to evaluate the effect of different growing regions in China on the contents of flavonoids in
hawthorn. We found the Jiangsu samples had obvious regional characteristics, and the compositions of (±)-catechin hydrate, epicatechin and phlorizin dihydrate could be used to distinguish hawthorn grown in Jiangsu from the other four producing areas. The results will provide the reference
basis for Chinese hawthorn consumers.
Use of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees for Treating Hepatitis
Authors: Gang Jian , Yuan Hongliang , Chen Yingxiang , Li Jun , Liu Rijia
Published: January 2021

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (APN) is a medicinal plant widely used in Asian countries. APN is used for its anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. Previous studies did not clarify its pathway to treat hepatitis under the next generation of natural antibiotics.
No definite trend has found expression in the multi-component Chinese medicine (MCCM). Besides, the research and development of a particular component in APN can not cover the most pharmacological effects of APN treating hepatitis. Based on the current information biology data, this review
found that the intersection number of APN and hepatitis were 1,016 from 3,922 APN PPI targets and 1,818 hepatitis targets, respectively, according to current data. The filtered prediction outcome suggests that the MCCM of APN treating hepatitis were wogonin, oroxylin A, and andrographolide,
which accounted for more than 95% of the compound contribution index of APN treating hepatitis. The predicated primary related pathways were the Notch, thyroid hormone, hepatitis B, and prolactin signalling pathways. This review serves to summarize the current research on APN to indicate a
specific research direction to determine the pharmacological mechanism of APN and the interaction between drug targets and disease targets, laying a foundation for the subsequent development of its MCCM, new drugs, and auxiliary drugs.
Role of Hydrogels in Bone Tissue Engineering: How Properties Shape Regeneration
Authors: Wu Yanting , Zhang Xu , Zhao Qian , Tan Bowen , Chen Xingyu , Liao Jinfeng
Published: January 2021

Bone defect that resulted from trauma, tumors, and other reasons is believed as a common clinical problem, which exists mainly in post-traumatic healing. Additionally, autologous/allogeneic transplantation, bone tissue engineering attracts increasing attention due to the existing problem
of the limited donor. The applications of biomaterials can be considered as a rising and promising strategy for bone regeneration. Especially, hydrogel is featured with hydrophilic characteristic, good biocompatibility, and porous structure, which shows unique properties for bone regeneration.
The main properties of hydrogel such as surface property, adhesive property, mechanical property, porosity, and degradation property, generally present influences on the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells exclusively or in combination, which consequently
affect the regeneration of bones. This review mainly focuses on the theme: "how properties of hydrogel shape bone regeneration." Moreover, the latest progress achieved in the above mentioned direction is further discussed. Despite the fascinating advances researchers have made, certain potential
challenges continue to exist in the research field, which need to be addressed for accelerating the clinical translation of hydrogel in bone regeneration.
A Review of Bioactive Peptides: Chemical Modification, Structural Characterization and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Hou Huiwen , Wang Juan , Wang Jie , Tang Wen , Shaikh Abdul Sami , Li Yan , Fu Jiaai , Lu Lu , Wang Fengshan , Sun Feng , Tan Haining
Published: January 2021

In recent years, the development and applications of protein drugs have attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, the shortcomings of protein drugs also limit their further development. Therefore, bioactive peptides isolated or simulated from protein polymers have broad application prospects in food, medicine, biotechnology, and other industries. Such peptides have a molecular weight distribution between 180 and 1000 Da. As a small molecule substance, bioactive peptide is usually degraded by various enzymes in the organism and have a short half-life. At the same time, such substances have poor stability and are difficult to produce and store. Therefore, these active peptides may be modified through phosphorylation, glycosylation, and acylation. Compared with other protein drugs, the modified active peptides are more easily absorbed by the body, have longer half-life, stronger targeting, and fewer side effects in addition to higher bioavailability. In the light of their functions, bioactive peptide can be divided into antimicrobial, anti-tumour, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and anti-hypertensive peptides. This article mainly focuses on the introduction of several promising biologically active peptides functioning as antimicrobial, anti-tumour, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant peptides from the three aspects modification, structural characteristics and mechanism of action.
Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for the Co-Delivery of Gemcitabine Nanoparticles and Cisplatin for Malignant Ascites Therapy
Authors: Wang Jing , Leng Qingqing , Li Yue , Wen Qian , Luo Jia , Wang Biqiong , Lu Yun , Wu Zhouxue , Xiong Kang , Fu Shaozhi
Published: January 2021

Malignant ascites indicate the presence of malignant cells in the peritoneal cavity that lower patient survival and reduce quality of life. Current chemotherapy regimens suffer from the dilution of ascites and rapid metabolism limiting their therapeutic efficacy. The storage and sustained
release of drugs at the tumor site represents a promising strategy to improve drug efficacy. The aim of this study was to develop injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogel containing polymeric gemcitabine nanoparticles and cisplatin for the local treatment of malignant ascites through a dual sustained
drug release pattern. Cell uptake assays showed that the drug-loaded nanoparticles readily entered tumor cells. Apoptosis and cell cycle analysis showed that the hydrogel system could enhance tumor cell apoptosis and arrest more cells in the G1 phase. In vivo experiments indicated that mice
treated with the drug-loaded hydrogels manifested the most significant efficacy in ascites volume, tumor nodules, body weight, abdominal circumference, and survival. The expression of Ki-67 and CD31 also significantly decreased compared with other groups, indicative of anti-tumor activity.
In addition, intraperitoneal administration of the hydrogel system led to no significant damage to vital organs. These findings confirm the clinical potential of the drug-loaded hydrogel system for the treatment of malignant ascites.
Two-Stage Patterned Cell-Based Treatments for Skin Regeneration
Authors: Chen Chih-Long , Tsai Chieh-Yi , Chen Yu-Shan , Lin Teng-Yen , Hsu Yi-Jung , Wei Shih-Yen , Chen Ying-Chieh
Published: January 2021

During the process of wound healing, avoiding the formation of aligned collagen fibrils and subsequent scarring has become the focus of numerous research efforts. However, the goal of regeneration of native or scar-free skin remains a challenge. The complex and equivocal connection
between inflammation and regeneration within the process of healing contributes to unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Inspired by the scarless repair observed in fetal wound healing, we create a two-stage treatment combining the hydrocolloid dressing to attenuate the immune response in the
initial three days, and the biomimetic cell-laden hydrogel to improve skin regeneration, which meet the specific needs of each stage in the healing process. To further accelerate the skin regeneration, the patterned cell-laden hydrogels were fabricated by photo-mask based photolithography
technique. The efficacy and possible mechanisms of skin regeneration using this patterned cell-laden hydrogel therapy was investigated. Results show that these two-stage patterned cell-laden treatments were able to promote vascular network formation, accelerate wound closure, decrease scar
formation, increase tissue regeneration and restore structure and mechanical properties of the skin in a full-thickness murine wound model. These data suggest that our patterned cell-based two-stage treatments can be used as a promising therapeutic option for wound healing by accelerating
skin tissue regeneration.
Mixed Micelles with Galactose Ligands for the Oral Delivery of Berberine to Enhance Its Bioavailability and Hypoglycemic Effects
Authors: Kang Hao , Yao Yingshui , Zhang Xingwang
Published: January 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an epidemic disorder that is an escalating public health risk. Currently, DM treatment is highly challenging due to temporary medical relief rather than a permanent cure. This article reports a ligand-anchored mixed micellar system formed by phospholipids
and N -oleoyl-D-galactosamine aiming to enhance the oral bioavailability and hypoglycemic effects of berberine, an antidiabetic agent with poor absorption. Berberine-loaded mixed micelles (BBMMs) were prepared through a solvent diffusion technique. The resulting BB-MMs were characterized
by particle size, potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro release. The oral pharmacokinetics and hypoglycemic efficacy of BB-MMs were evaluated in rats and compared with a berberine suspension. As a result, BB-MMs prepared with the preferable formulation had a
particle size of approximately 100 nm with an EE of over 85%. BB-MMs exhibited sustained drug release owing to the entrapment in the micelles. After oral administration, BB-MMs ameliorated the pharmacokinetic profile of berberine and significantly enhanced its oral bioavailability (317.17%
relative to the suspension). The pharmacological effect (PE) of BB-MMs was approximately 3.44 times greater than that of the suspension. In addition, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion and cellular testing results illustrated that BB-MMs had good intestinal permeability and cellular
uptake. Our findings demonstrate that the oral bioavailability and hypoglycemic effects of berberine could be largely enhanced by encapsulation into mixed micelles with a galactose moiety. Thus, galactosylated micelles may be promising for developing berberine nanomedicines to fight DM.
Combination of Microneedles and MF59 Adjuvant as a Simple Approach to Enhance Transcutaneous Immunization
Authors: Yu Qin , Huang Yanping , Zhu Congcong , Wu Xiying , Tai Zongguang , Xie Xinxin , Qi Jianping , Wu Wei , Chen Zhongjian , Lu Yi , Zhu Quangang
Published: January 2021

MF59, an oil-in-water nanoemulsion, has been used in licensed seasonal influenza vaccines for many years. Administration of such vaccines by injection is associated with pain and safety issues. Here, we evaluated the potential of administering MF59 via a transcutaneous route with antigen
loading (either encapsulated into or mixed with MF59) to intact or microneedle-pretreated skin. In addition to commercial MF59, we also prepared a nanoemulsion to encapsulate hydrophilic antigens by mimicking the formulation and preparation technique of MF59. The nanoemulsion was prepared
using a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion method, and was similar to MF59 in composition, particle size, and morphology. Compared with the intact skin group, the microneedle-pretreated group showed significant enhanced antigen penetration. In vivo transcutaneous immunization analysis showed
that the MF59-adjuvant influenza vaccine elicited approximately 3–5 times higher hemagglutination inhibition titers than the influenza solution alone in BALB/c mice after microneedle pretreatment. The intact skin group showed negative immune results at the same dose, suggesting that
microneedle pretreatment was critical for efficient delivery of antigens, to obtain strong immune responses. Furthermore, the loading method (encapsulation or mixing with the vehicle) did not affect the dermal penetration or transcutaneous immunization of antigens on microneedle-pretreated
skin. Moreover, in vitro cellular assays showed that MF59 facilitated the maturation of dendritic cells and enhanced antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells. In conclusion, the combination of microneedle pretreatment and mixing of MF59 with antigen provides a simple approach to enhance
transcutaneous immunization.
Fuzzy Controller Based Power Quality Improvement for a Microgrid with Energy Management System
Authors: Nalini S. , Vaikund Harini , Raja A. R.
Published: January 2021

There is a drastic decrease in availability of conventional energy sources such as coal, natural gas and oil. The need for using non-conventional energy sources has increased due to the fast rate depletion in conventional energy sources and the ill effects of using them. Research work
in the area of renewable energy sources has hence been increased throughout the world. The rate at which power demands are increasing, requires the need for interconnections of various power generation methods. For the proper use of conventional and non-conventional distributed generation
microgrid is essential. Microgrid combines one or more generation units and helps to use the power generated in efficient manner. Microgrid includes the generating units, battery storage system with power electronic converters. The use of power converter is important, but the presence of converter
generates harmonics usually so that the power quality issues have become serious. Many controllers are used to solve power quality problems, where one of them is the Unified Power Quality Controller (UPQC). Problems linked to power quality become serious due to the use of power electronics
appliances. Microgrid power quality is maintained by using UPQC compensating devices. To control UPQC, there must be some controller to intimate the voltage sag, swell and flickers. In this paper the fuzzy logic controller is used for UPQC. An energy management system (EMS) is a system used
by electrical utility network operators to monitor, regulate and optimize transmission and generation system efficiency. The system model is created using MATLAB by merging all DC-microgrid, EMS and UPQC, to solve power quality issues.
Survey on Machine Learning Based Video Analytics Techniques
Authors: Manu Y. M. , Ravikumar G. K.
Published: January 2021

Video information has turned into the biggest wellspring of information expended all inclusive. Because of the fast development of applications which are related to video applications and requests of boosting for greater surpassing video administrations, video information volume has
expanding violently around the world, which is the serious challenge for media processing, capacity and transmission. Video coding by packing recordings into a lot littler size is also key arrangements; in any case, its advancement has turned out to be soaked somewhat while the pressure proportion
consistently develops over the most recent three decades. Machine inclining calculations, particularly those utilizing profound realizing, which are equipped for finding learning from unstructured huge information and giving information driven forecasts, give new chances to further updating
video coding advancements. In this survey, we try to express an audit on AI based video encoding streamlining, expecting to furnish specialists with a solid establishment and rouse future improvements for information driven video coding. Initially, we investigate the portrayals furthermore,
information about redundant videos. Besides, we audit the improvement of video coding models and key prerequisites. Hence, we exhibit a foundational review on the ongoing advances also difficulties related regarding AI based video coding enhancements from following key viewpoints, such as
high effectiveness, low unpredictability and also high visual quality. Their work processes, delegate plans, exhibitions, focal points and disservices are broke down in detail. At long last, the difficulties and openings are recognized, which may furnish the scholastic and mechanical networks
with preparation and potential bearings for eventual research.
Finite Element Analysis of Carbon Nanotube Structured Badminton Racket
Authors: Vidyasagar K. , Rao A. Bhujanga , Chandra K. Vijay , Gautam B.
Published: January 2021

The deflection sensitivity of badminton racket and specific design parameters need to be considered while developing a rugged racket structure. Titanium alloys, ceramics, fibreglass and carbon fibers are using to develop badminton rackets. During swing and hit the racket for smashes,
the structural failures are challenging. This paper focused on material selection to withstand to the max load applied. Armchair and Zig–Zag Carbon Nano Tubes are studied using Finite Element Modelling (FEM). The Stress–Strain curve, modulus of Elasticity, Bending Stiffness and
Moment of Inertia are analysed with varying radius of the carbon nanotube. Max bend is 900 along with twist angle 500 is applied on SWCNT Structures. The harvested results are impressive with reasonably good elastic and applied loads withstand properties to elect the Zig–Zag SWCNT structures
for developing the badminton rackets.
Plant Disease Detection and Classification Using Image Processing and Neural Networks
Authors: Sivasangari A. , Kishore M. Sai , Poornesh M. , Gomathi R. M. , Deepa D.
Published: January 2021

Plant disease is a major problem for food security, but in many parts of the world their rapid prediction remains difficult because of lack of the infrastructure required. New advances in machine vision achieved via deep learning have paved the way for diagnosis of AI-assisted diseases.
To help determine the extent of plant disease, provide agricultural specialists with a digital archive with photos of diseased leaves. Estimate depends on Standard Area Diagrams (SADs), a collection of diseased leaf images, each of which includes an incrementally more diseased leaf compared
to the previous one. Every SAD shows seriousness of the disease in terms of the percentage of the diseased leaf. Users then turn to the field for a leaf. For eg, equate it to SADs and use it to measure the severity of the disease. “This app is useful for crop consultants and research
scientists looking to cut costs and improve the time and accuracy for assessing disease severity in plants.”
Effective Communication with Hand Gesture Recognition Using Voice Over and Crime Detection System for Disabled People
Authors: Ponraj Anitha , Babu Derangula Ajay , Jagadish Dasari , Canessane R. Aroul , Roobini M. S.
Published: January 2021

The Hand motions are the most well-known types of correspondence and have extraordinary significance in our reality. They can help in building sheltered and agreeable UIs for a large number of uses. In the current system, we have to speak with the Deaf and moronic individuals utilizing
Deaf and idiotic language just, there is no programmed device to change over that into sound arrangement. In the Proposed system, Hand motions are the most widely recognized types of correspondence and have incredible significance reality. It is used to build protected and agreeable UIs for
huge number of uses. Various types of calculations have utilized on camera for hand motion acknowledgment, yet hearty implementation on motions from different subjects is as yet testing. In the Modification, We convey Hand motion acknowledgment alongside Criminal stance additionally to distinguish
and anticipate any criminal activities by any client. So this application is utilized for Deaf and idiotic correspondence and voice over and well criminal activity discovery utilizing matlab.
Automatic Harvested Crop Protector from Rain
Authors: Ashokkumar K. , Mynavathi V. S. , Reddy C. H. Pavan Kumar , Prasad C. H. Sasidhar
Published: January 2021

The fundamental topic of this task which is displayed in the paper is that to keep the yields from the overwhelming precipitation. The farmer is the foundation of Indian economy. They drudge and accomplishes difficult work to deliver the yield by enduring a ton toward the end for drying
the harvest because of unforeseen downpours. These components like startling downpours harm the harvest when it is dried before selling, which will totally crush the yield or make the yield second grade. To stay away from such conditions “HARVESTED CROP PROTECTOR FROM RAIN” is
to be created. At the present time, propose a system where the storms are recognized therefore to guarantee the gather by wrapping housetop top on the yield by using DC motors, Rain sensor and Arduino uno load up. If it pouring the sensor will distinguishes and offers intimation to the Arduino.
So, when the sensor is ‘ON,’ it will offer recommendation to the controller, GSM and it will show to the DC motor and it will subsequently open the housetop. At the present time, housetop is open thusly when the sensor is ‘ON.’ This absolute structure can be managed
truly. If there is any issue with opening the housetop thusly, it is blend thought in with controlling movement done through Arduino. GSM is reporting the conditions in the field through SMS to the mobile phone.
Smart System for Monitoring Daily Medication Using Swallowable Digital Pill
Authors: Kumar Vineet , Prasad K. Mohana , Sabitha R. , Ashokkumar K.
Published: January 2021

Digital pill is a multichannel sensor that is utilized for wireless biomedical estimations utilizing small scale innovation. This is utilized for the constant estimation parameters, for example, temperature, pH, conductivity and broke up oxygen. The sensors are created utilizing electron
shaft and photolithographic design mix. Hardware and smaller than expected mechanical innovation can give get to, break down and control the body from within. Specifically, smart pills for sedate conveyance are a developing innovation; a wide range of ways to deal with nearby medication conveyance
have been proposed, including transcutaneous and implantable methods. In any case, swallow capable smart pills for tranquilize conveyance are getting expanding consideration as the oral one is as yet the favored course for sedate organization, because of its high patient acknowledgment and
minimal effort. Smart pills for tranquilize conveyance offer various noteworthy open doors for pharmaceutical ventures since they might high patient acknowledgment and minimal effort. Smart pills for tranquilize conveyance offer various critical open doors for pharmaceutical ventures since
they might be utilized in a wide scope of uses and empower treatments impractical with traditional methods. The progressions happen in human bodies are observed and sent it to close by screen for specialist checking through wireless.
A Joint Optimization Approach to Security- and Insurance Management System on Cloud
Authors: Ajitha P. , Sai Malemarpuram Chaitanya , Dheeraj  , Sivasangari A.
Published: January 2021

The fundamental point of this undertaking is to joined way to deal with protection and cyber insurance provisioning in the cloud based assets. Right now have introduced a joint way to deal with security and cyber insurance provisioning in the cloud. Utilizing a stochastic improvement,
introduced a technique for ideally provisioning the two administrations despite vulnerability in regards to future valuing, approaching traffic and digital assaults. Hence, an application may make preparations for assaults by provisioning security administrations from suppliers, for example,
Vast and Trend Micro. These administrations may take different structures; for example, secure information stockpiling, Identity Access Management (IAM), and interruption location administrations to mirror approaching traffic. And afterward cyber insurance is utilized to give express if malignant
movement prompts money related misfortune. Protection inclusion might be first or outsider with, for example, burglary of cash and advanced resources, business interference, and digital blackmail, security breaks, loss of outsider information.
Reader Comment Digest Through Latent-Stock Market
Authors: Ajitha P. , Rohit Malla , Reddy Macha Ganesh Surya Sai , Sivasangari A.
Published: January 2021

Examine the monetary information for causing forecasts in securities exchanges by utilizing enormous information to examine and prescribe the client interest in different classification financial exchanges dependent on web media. At the point when a noteworthy occasion happens, numerous
news stories from various newsagents frequently report it. Additionally, these newsagents likewise give stages to their perusers to compose remarks communicating their perspectives or comprehension. Through processing these peruser remarks, we can pick up bits of knowledge into the responses,
proposals, individual encounters, or popular sentiments regarding the developing occasion. Be that as it may, these peruser remarks from various sources are frequently quickly gathered bringing about a huge volume. It gets hard to physically break down these remarks. Right now, propose a system
that can process per user remarks consequently through inert occasion features and news particularity. An occasion feature alludes to the part of the occasion worried by numerous perusers. In particular, a portion of the peruser remarks, in spite of originating from various sources, talk about
a specific aspect of the occasion. Such features give a compelling way to sort out news remarks in a worldwide way. Then again, a few remarks talk about the particular subject of the relating news story. These particular themes show the particular focal point of perusers on the bit of news
locally. Such peruser remarks digest in various granularities encourages more profound comprehension of these colossal remarks. To accomplish the above alluring objective of processing peruser remarks, we propose an unaided model called EFNS which is equipped for catching the multifaceted
fine-grained relationship among occasions, news, and remarks. We additionally build up a multiplicative-update strategy to derive the parameters and demonstrate the intermingling of our calculation. Our system can likewise picture peruser remarks as indicated by the relationship with idle
occasion aspects and the level of news particularity. Test results show that our proposed EFNS model can give a successful method to process news peruser remarks and beat the best in class strategy.
Absolute Transformation and CLAHE E-Voting System Using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Mahalakshmi S. , Archana N. , Sundarambal B. , Dineshkumar A.
Published: January 2021

Nowadays the growth of digital technology has increased since it is more helpful for people. The main threats in the general ballot system are security and transparency. The current voting system is a centralized system based on a single organization. Main issue in the ordinary method
is that only one organization maintains the entire database since it is centralized. The problem is that the organization can make unauthorized access to the database and alter the data or remove the data from the database which leads to loss/change of data. The better solution for this problem
is making the existing election system decentralized. For making the database decentralized we use block chain technology. By using this technology we can make the datas more secure and not accessed by anyone. So there is no loss/change of data. Implementing blockchain in e-voting systems
can reduce the unauthorized database manipulations. AES algorithm can be used to encrypt the data from the fingerprint sensor. This paper also presents various studies on the existing e-voting systems and shows how our voting system is better and different from the former.