bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Efficacy of Anti-Secretory and Oral Immunoglobulins in Reducing the Duration of Diarrhea Episodes in Children; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zunash Fateh  , Nighat Haider  , Saida Riaz  , Muqadar Shah  , Hafsa Khalid  , Saad Abdullah Fateh  , Jai Krishin
Published: July 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of anti-secretory and oral immunoglobulins in reducing the episodes of diarrhea in children.
Methodology: This randomized controlled trial, carried out at The children Hospital, Islamabad. Eighty-four children aged 6 to 36 months with acute diarrhea were included. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A patients received anti-secretory (racecadotril) and oral rehydration and zinc, while Group B was given egg solids and bovine colostrum in powdered form, ingested with water, alongside oral rehydration and zinc. Treatment efficacy was measured by time to fewer than 3 semi-solid stools within 24 hours. Outcomes were observed over 72 hours. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: The study involved 84 children (39 males, 45 females) aged 6 to 36 months, treated for acute diarrhea with Group A (anti-secretory, racecadotril) or Group B (Bovine colostrum). Baseline characteristics including age, gender, and duration of symptoms showed no significant differences between the groups (P=0.331 for gender, P=0.194 for age, P=0.187 for symptom duration). Treatment response varied significantly between the groups (P=0.000): In Group B, 18, 12, and 6 patients responded on days 1, 2, and 3, respectively, while in Group A, 5 patients responded on day 1 and 20 on day 2, with no 3-day responses. Out of 84 patients, 36 in Group B and 25 in Group A responded positively, and treatment was overall effective for 61 patients (p-value 0.001).
Conclusion: Both treatments were effective, with 85.7% efficacy in the Bovine colostrum group and 60% in the Racecadotril group after 3 days. The Bovine colostrum group demonstrated a significantly quicker treatment response compared to Racecadotril.
Analyzing the Antibacterial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Qualities of the Stink Bean (Parkia Speciosa) by Various Extraction Techniques
Authors: Parntong Wanita , Somsap On-Anong , Kamnate Anussara , Ekchaweng Kitiya , Obchoei Sumalee , Saeheng Sompop
Published: July 2024

In various Southeast Asian countries, people have long incorporated the young green seeds of Parkia speciosa, commonly known as stink beans, into their culinary traditions. These seeds can be prepared using various cooking methods, including boiling, microwaving, stir-frying, or even consuming them raw. While several studies have explored the pharmaceutical properties of raw stink beans, this study seeks to expand our knowledge of how different extraction methods can influence the release of bioactive compounds from these young stink bean seeds. Three distinct extraction methods, namely (1) microwave-assisted water extraction, (2) boiling water extraction and (3) 50 % ethanol extraction were employed in this research. The study focused on total phenolic content and antioxidant activities, with the 50 % ethanol extraction method yielding the most promising results. Moreover, only the extract obtained from the 50 % ethanol method exhibited antimicrobial activity against 4 gram-positive bacteria, including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus and 1 gram-negative bacterium, Salmonella typhi. Notably, extracts obtained from the 3 extraction methods of young stink bean seeds exhibit varying degrees of inhibition of cancer cell growth with low cell toxicity. Taken together, our findings suggest that distinct extraction methods play a key role in obtaining different sets of bioactive compounds from the young seeds of stink beans. Therefore, various cooking methods, including stir-frying, microwaving and pickling in alcohol, may offer diverse sources of bioactive compounds for promoting consumer health.
HIGHLIGHTS

A 50 % ethanol extraction of young stink bean seeds yields the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and exhibits the highest antioxidant capacity
The sole extract derived from the 50 % ethanol extraction of young stink bean seeds demonstrated notable antimicrobial efficacy against both selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Three distinct extraction methodologies—microwave-assisted water extraction, boiling water extraction and 50 % ethanol extraction—exhibited varying degrees of cytotoxicity against normal cell lines and cancer cells

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Transformaciones de la docencia y el aprendizaje en la era de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Sánchez Saldaña Mariana
Published: July 2024

El crecimiento vertiginoso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) y su incursión en los ambientes educativos ha generado debates sobre sus usos éticos y sobre sus efectos en el aprendizaje. El número 84 de DIDAC reconoce la necesidad de dar voz a docentes que comparten experiencias innovadoras de aplicaciones de herramientas de IA en su práctica y que, desde una perspectiva crítica, reflexionan sobre sus implicaciones como parte de un proceso de aprendizaje y enriquecimiento mutuo.
Espacios itinerantes de innovación educativa: colaboración entre instituciones de educación superior, caso Red de Innovación Educativa RIE 360
Authors: López Acosta Mireya
Published: July 2024

En la era de la digitalización, la inteligencia artificial (IA) emerge como una herramienta transformadora en la educación impulsando la necesidad de una formación docente innovadora. Este artículo resalta la colaboración entre instituciones de educación superior (IES) para integrar la ia en la enseñanza, subrayando la experiencia colaborativa entre la Universidad Anáhuac México y la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) a través de las Jornadas de Espacios Itinerantes de Innovación Educativa de la UNAM. La colaboración se logró como uno de los proyectos de la Red de Innovación Educativa, RIE 360, la cual busca impulsar la educación y la innovación en México a través de la cooperación entre universidades públicas y privadas.La coparticipación entre universidades no sólo mejora la calidad de la enseñanza y la investigación, sino que también contribuye al progreso social y al desarrollo de una economía basada en el conocimiento, preparando a las futuras generaciones para un mundo en constante cambio.
Claves para pensar la historia de y desde las mujeres, en los tiempos de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Villa Avendaño Anelí
Published: July 2024

La historia, como muchas otras disciplinas de las ciencias sociales, se ha escrito en clave masculina, invisibilizando o incluso negando la importancia de la participación de las mujeres y las disidencias en el curso de los acontecimientos. En la medida en que se ha ido democratizando el conocimiento en los últimos años, han surgido otras voces que buscan darles un papel preponderante a las mujeres en la historia. Gracias a las diversas tecnologías de información podemos acceder a cada vez más información sobre ellas; sin embargo, sigue existiendo un subregistro sobre la importancia de la mujer en hechos históricos, pues el paradigma patriarcal continúa dominando la construcción del conocimiento.El objetivo de este ensayo es reflexionar sobre los sesgos y las limitaciones de la inteligencia artificial generativa (IA generativa), desde un análisis de género, teniendo como foco la historia de las mujeres. Se busca además plantear críticamente los retos a los que nos enfrentamos como docentes en el uso de estas herramientas.
MOĞOL İDARÎ SİSTEMİNDE ÇİNLİ VEZİR YEH-LU CH’U-TS’Aİ
Authors: Coşkun Derya
Published: July 2024

Moğol tarihinde teşkilatlanma ve idarecilikte kozmopolit etnik kökene dayalı birçok devlet
adamının varlığı dikkat çekmektedir. Buna sebep olarak Moğolların Uygur Türklerinin
tecrübelerine ve teşkilatlanmadaki başarılarına daha çok güveniyor olmaları gösterilse de sonraki
süreçte özellikle Çin hâkimiyeti sonrasında Çinli vezirler ve bürokratların da bu yapılanma
içerisinde faal bir şekilde olmaları Moğol idare sisteminde çoklu etnik kökene duyulan sempatiye
işaret etmektedir. Moğolların göçebelikten yerleşik hayata geçişlerinin travmatik bir sonucu olarak
görülen bu durum, Moğol devlet yapısında çoklu etnik gücün bir araya gelmesine ön ayak
olmuştur. Bu bağlamda devlet içerisinde Han’ın üzerinde ciddi etki kurabilen Çinli bir bürokratın
evladı olarak karşımıza çıkan Yeh-lu Ch’u-ts’ai ayrı bir yere sahiptir. Onu önemli kılan husus,
devlet idaresinde kimsenin onun karşısında duramayacak kadar etkin bir güce sahip olamamasıdır.
Cengiz Han’ın desteği ile başladığı Moğol idarecilik yolculuğuna Ögeday Han zamanında daha da
güçlü adımlarla ilerlediği görülen bu Çinli vezirin siyasî, askerî ve iktisadî boyutta birçok reforma
imza attığı görülmektedir. Ögeday Han’ın her icraatında kayıtsız şartsız ona sunduğu desteğin
elbette ki Yeh-lu Ch’u-ts’ai’nin idarecilik kimliğinde olumlu ve olumsuz birçok dönütü olmuştur.
Bu durum özellikle Ögeday Han’ın ölümü sonrasında belirgin bir şekilde hissedilmeye başlanmış
ve Yeh-lu Ch’u-ts’ai’nin de içinde bulunduğu farklı etnik yapıda birçok bürokrat
itibarsızlaştırılarak devlet idaresinden uzaklaştırılmıştır. Bu çerçeveden bakıldığında makale, Yeh
lu Ch’u-ts’ai’nin Moğol idari sistemindeki kimliği ve icraatları hakkında önemli bilgiler ve
tartışmalar sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Review on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Constitutional Homoeopathic Approach with Life style Management
Authors: Dr Bajirao Appa Shinde  , Dr Ramesh Ganacharya  , Dr Pradnya Sutkar
Published: July 2024

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, leading to hyperglycemia and associated complications. Conventional management of DMT2 primarily involves pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications, and dietary control. However, there is an increasing interest in exploring alternative and complementary approaches, such as homoeopathy, for the comprehensive management of DMT2. Diabetes Mellitus is the fourth most common reason of premature disability and mortality. Dr. Samuel Hahnemann said, behind every chronic disease accessory circumstances (Organon of medicine §5) play a big role. Like modifying diet, habit and unstressed lifestyle can prevent disease as well as control complication. This review underscores the potential of constitutional homoeopathic treatment and lifestyle management as adjunctive strategies for the comprehensive management of DMT2
The Politics of Eurovision: A Case Study of the United Kingdom’s 2021 and 2022 Participations as Expressed on Social Media
Authors: García-Gámez María , Moreno-Ortiz Antonio
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the opinion that the Eurovision Song Contest has become highly politicised is prevalent in the media and the popular voice, although not much research exists that can attest to this claim. In this work we conduct a case study that applies sentiment and discourse analysis methodologies to the assessment of political opinions in social media regarding this artistic and social event. The main objective is to explore to what extent and in what form this supposed politicisation has an expression on Twitter, as illustrated by the cases of artists Sam Ryder and James Newman, the United Kingdom’s representatives in the 2022 and 2021 editions of the contest, respectively. We examine references to two historical-political contexts that have had a severe impact on the European society over the last few years, and which have determined, among many other social aspects, the reception of Eurovision results ever since they took place: Brexit and the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Strategic Framework for Achieving Sustainability in Telecom Supply Chain: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Raza Syed ,   GrocerApp, Lahore, Pakistan, Ramish Asher , Rehman Khaliq ,   University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan,   University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: July 2024

Current research aims to unpack the issues faced by the telecom sector of Pakistan to sustain its supply chain management. While using the qualitative case study method, this research has analyzed the available framework to achieve sustainability in the supply chain. The study used data triangulation and extracted data from Telecom company’s documentation, on-site observation & semi-structured interviews. Based on primary and secondary data, we have proposed a strategic framework for developing sustainability in the supply chain of telecom companies. The framework provides the step-by-step implementation of all dimensions of sustainability upstream of a supply chain. The developed framework can be used as a roadmap by the Telecom sector to make their supply chain more sustainable. The research focuses on the upstream supply chain, and the findings argue that telecom supply chains can only use the proposed framework upstream to achieve sustainability
Implementasi Kurikulum Berbasis Muatan Lokal Dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Peserta Didik
Authors: Asy’ari M. , Arifin Arifin
Published: July 2024

Indonesia yang memiliki keanekaragaman budaya, ras suku dan agama yang berbeda mengakibatkan Indonesia dijuluki sebagai Negara multikutural. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan adanya kearifan lokal dan dapat menjadi potensi daerah yang ada pada masing- masing wilayah. Oleh karena itu keanekaragaman tersebut harus selalu dilestarikan dan dikembangkan dengan tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai luhur bangsa Indonesia melalui upaya pendidikan. termasuk dalam dunia pendidikan yang memiliki ciri khas tersendiri dari setiap daerah  sehingga terbentuklah kurikulum mauatan lokal. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: pertama, Bagaimana implementasikurikulum berbasis muatan lokal dalam meningkatkan perkembangan motorik peserta didik di RA Mambaul Ulum Bira Timur Sokobanah Sampang dan RA Nurul Yaqin Badung Proppo Pamekasan ? kedua, Bagaimana implikasi kurikulum berbasis muatan lokal dalam meningkatkan perkembangan motorik peserta didik di RA Mambaul Ulum Bira Timur Sokobanah Sampang dan RA Nurul Yaqin Badung Proppo Pamekasan ? ketiga, Bagaimana perkembangan motorikkurikulum berbasis muatan lokal dalam meningkatkan perkembangan motorik peserta didik di RA Mambaul Ulum Bira Timur Sokobanah Sampang dan RA Nurul Yaqin Badung Proppo Pamekasan?. Untuk menjawab hal tersebut diperlukan penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis eksploratif. Lokasi penelitian di RA Nurul Yaqin Proppo Pamekasan dan RA Mambaul Ulum Bira Timur Sokobanah Sampang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi nonpartisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan metode dokumentasi terhadap sejumlah sumber terkait. Analisis data dilakukan selama dan setelah penelitian berlangsung dengan menggunakan model analisis Credibility, Transferability, Depentibility, Confirmability. Pertama, Implementasi kurikulum berbasis muatan lokal pada kedua lembaga tersebut sama-sama memiliki strategi atau rancangan dalam menerapkan model pembelajarannya pada peserta didiknya mulai dari program harian dan mingguan sampai program bulanan. Kedua, Implikasi kurikulum berbasis muatan lokal dalam meningkatkan perkembangan motorik anak pada kedua lembaga tersebut sama-sama memiliki nilai positif sebab metode ini anak dituntut bergerak yang dibimbing langsung oleh guru sehingga bisa mempercepat daya tangkap anak. Ketiga, Perkembangan Motorik Kurikulum Berbasis Muatan Lokal Dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Peserta Didik secara otomatis bisa mengembangkan dan mengasah kecerdasan anak misalkan seperti kecerdasan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik berkat bimbingan guru-guru yang kompeten dan kerjasama orang tua/ wali.
Ethics of Lecturers at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra
Authors: Maulida Balqis , Ismail Ramadhana Mutia Eka , Alfaqih Irwansyah
Published: July 2024

Higher education as a place for the implementation of education has the duty and responsibility to lay the foundations of moral values. Lecturers are a profession that requires expertise and technical knowledge enough to support their professionalism. Lecturers have duties and responsibilities that are manifested in the tri dharma of higher education, including education and teaching, research and community service. For this reason, lecturers in carrying out their duties and responsibilities must always uphold ethics. Because ethics has a role in ensuring the quality of services provided to the academic community. This study uses a qualitative method and is completed with a sociology of knowledge approach. The use of this sociological approach of knowledge is a way to achieve relevance between the construction of righteousness that is made to be able to explain the data that is used as a step and effort in solving this research so that this research can provide an explanation that is able to influence the understanding of the reader. In the treatment of lecturers who often interact between lecturers and students, both in providing lessons or services carried out by lecturers to students. At UIN North Sumatra, it can be categorized that the lecturers in this university provide influence and also satisfactory service not all, but this is able to give a view on the ethics of lecturers in handling problems and student lessons with pedagogic competence and professional attitudes possessed by the lecturers. Ethics for lecturers at UIN North Sumatra universities are only a few and only a few. But basically, the average lecturer at UIN North Sumatra University has service ethics and coaching lessons can be met with all the needs of the students themselves.
The Effect of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Based Audio Visual Media to Improve the Learning Outcomes of Grade VI Students of SD N 056613 Gemi Beach
Authors: Surbakti Seni Sehati Br.
Published: July 2024

The research using the Influence of Audio Visual Media based on Project Based Learning (PjBl) is to improve students' critical thinking skills on the ecosystem subtheme on the learning outcomes of the science material "The Influence of Human Activities on Ecosystem Balance" through audio visual media in class VI SDN 056613 Pantai Gemi. This research data was obtained from the results of the classroom action research method (Classroom Action Research) carried out by the teacher in class VI with a total of 40 students, where the research was carried out through the stages of recording, carrying out actions, observing and reflecting. The results obtained from this research are an increase in science learning outcomes in class VI SDN 056613 Pantai Gemi. In cycle I, student learning outcomes were 65%. In cycle II 75% of student learning outcomes had achieved what was desired. Data obtained from the results of observations of teaching teachers which have been carried out by observers have increased in cycles I and II. The percentage of implementation from 75% in cycle I increased to 95% in cycle II. In cycle I, the implementation indicators reached 75% of the 11 indicators implemented. . The implication of the results of this research is that using audio visual media based on Project Learning (PjBl) can be used as a means to increase learning motivation and science learning outcomes in the material Influence of Human Activities on Ecosystem Balance for class VI elementary school 056613 Pantai Gemi.
The Influence of Financial Literacy on Student Financial Management Behavior
Authors: Salsabila Najla Hasna , Hadi Tri Sabila , Tambunan Nurma
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of financial literacy on students' financial management behavior. This research is quantitative research, with samples taken using purposive sampling techniques. The population of this study were PGRI Indraprasta University students and the sample in this study was 30 students. The data collection method uses a questionnaire to measure each variable. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of descriptive analysis show an average financial literacy of 37.10 and student financial management behavior of 39.30. The results of the inferential analysis show that the calculated t value (2.832) is in the acceptance area so that the calculated t value is greater than the t table value (1.701). So it can be concluded that H1 is accepted, which means there is an influence between financial literacy on students' financial management behavior.
STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (Studi Pemberdayaan Melalui Bumdes Bangun Mandiri Bekiung - Langkat)
Authors: Niyarsih Witri , Purwanto Agus
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the village government's strategy in empowering the community's economy and the obstacles through BUMDES Bangun Mandiri Dfesa Bekiung, Kuala District. Qualitative research with questionnaire instruments, interviews and document studies. The informants in this research included the Village Head, Director and Treasurer of BUMDES, as well as the community. Research findings 1) the village government's strategy in empowering the community's economy is carried out by providing savings and loan business capital loans, a profit sharing system scheme. 2) providing entrepreneurial assistance and training by BUMDES administrators to the community, as well as encouraging community participation to help advance the business unit. 3) the obstacles include the lack of capital owned by BUMDES, the lack of skills and expertise of human resources in managing BUMDES and institutional management which is still not running optimally and the lack of community participation.
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS PEGADAIAN SYARIAH BERDASARKAN UNSUR HUMAN CAPITAL (Studi Kasus Pada Pegadaian Syariah Kabupaten Aceh Jaya)
Authors: Rizwan Rizwan , Nova Nova
Published: July 2024

Research in the form of a case study at one of the sharia pawnshops in Aceh Jaya district. In the form of survey research, descriptive and verification research types. It was found that: (1) the human capital factor based on individual capability was achieved at 78.3%. Individual motivation with an achievement level of 82%. The leadership aspect is still low at 74%. The organizational climate aspect is quite good at 82.3%, and the workgroup effectiveness aspect reaches 80.5%. The work productivity level of sharia pawnshops in Aceh Jaya is 80.67%.  (2) Simultaneously, the relationship between human capital and work productivity is 0.898 with a large contribution of human capital from the elements of individual capability, individual motivation, leadership, the organizational climate, and workgroup effectiveness to work productivity, amounting to 80.7%.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK (Analisis Data Tahun 2012-2023)
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Wahyuni Sri , Asrida Asrida
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze and explain the influence of Economic Growth and the Human Development Index on Tax Revenue during 2012-2023 in Indonesia. Quantitative research using multiple regression methods. The results of this research state that economic growth has a positive effect on tax revenue, and HDI also has a positive effect on tax revenue. The simultaneous contribution of economic growth factors and HDI to tax revenues is 89.8%.
ANALISIS FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI DI PASAR KRIPTO
Authors: Wahyudi Andi , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Nova Nova , Musrizal Musrizal
Published: July 2024

Investors often make irrational investment decisions. Decisions are often based on judgments that are far from rational assumptions. This research aims to examine the influence of experience regret, risk tolerance, illusion of control and financial literacy on investment decisions in the crypto market. Data was collected using an online media-based questionnaire instrument via Google Form involving 112 investor respondents who actively invest in cryptocurrencies. The data was processed and analyzed using the E-Views 10 software application. The types of data in this research are primary and secondary data using quantitative research methods and multiple linear regression models. The results of this research show that experience regret, risk tolerance and illusion of control do not influence investment decisions in the crypto market. Meanwhile, financial literacy influences investment decisions in the crypto market but at a significance level of 10 percent. It is very necessary to have clear regulations in the crypto market in an effort to provide protection to investors. Remember, the definition of crypto currency has different views.
Human Resources Management Competences for Women Entrepreneurs Post Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hazel Mubango
Published: July 2024

Today’s women entrepreneur businesses have to be constantly alert and adaptive to unforeseeable occurrences, like external crises, which produce increased uncertainty among their employees and cause instant threats to the business’ performance, survival and sustainability. With the recent Covid-19 pandemic, organisations in Zimbabwe unexpectedly had to navigate the unique operating environment and thereby discover innovative solutions to human resource management challenges emanating across many facets of their business processes. This study aims to investigate the Human Resources Management (HRM) competences that can be adopted by Zimbabwean women entrepreneurs post-Covid-19 pandemic to remain resilient and competitive. The study employed a qualitative research approach and conducted in-depth interviews with saturation reached on the 15th interviewee from the retail and service sectors. The study used the subsequent criteria to select the women entrepreneurs who operated registered Harare CBD businesses with a minimum staff complement of 20. Findings indicate that the pandemic made the existing HRM skills obsolete hence the need to upskill to remain relevant in managing their employees. Women entrepreneurs need to upskill their communication, digital and leadership skills so that their businesses remain competitive after the Covid-19 pandemic. The study, therefore, recommends that women entrepreneurs also adopt strategies like numerical and functional flexibility, outsourcing and flexible working hours to mitigate HRM skills inadequacies so that their businesses remain sustained.
Impact of Education Governance on Teacher Attrition and School Effectiveness in Zambian Public Secondary Schools
Authors: Crispin Dr. Kukano , Plyson Prof. Muzumara , Leah Dr. Nyimbili , Euslin Chunza
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to ascertain how secondary school efficacy in Zambia’s public secondary schools was impacted by education governance in connection to teacher attrition. The study employed a mixed method with a qualitative bias, utilizing a case study design to gather data from thirty school managers and three District Education Board Secretaries from Chongwe, Lusaka, and Kafue districts, allowing for a deeper understanding of actual situations. Thirty school managers from high attrition schools participated in a study to understand its impact on school effectiveness. Focus groups, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews were instruments for data collection whose analysis included thematic and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. The single and cumulative variables were described using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and cross-tabulations, and the results were shown and discussed using tables and graphs. The results showed a positive correlation (r=0.812) between low student achievement and teacher attrition and low staffing levels. All participants reached a consensus that teacher attrition results in low student achievement, staffing shortages, and dispersed instructional and professional staff. The majority of school managers (73%) agreed with the study’s findings regarding the effects on student achievement, which indicated that teacher attrition is the primary reason for low student achievement. The impact that a teacher’s departure from a school has on the relationship between teachers and students was also discovered. The inconsistent teaching strategies used every time a new teacher takes over have a detrimental effect on student performance which invariably means that teacher shortage causes the remaining teachers to be overworked, which negatively affects the teacher-to-pupil ratio. This implies that teachers are not providing the necessary one-on-one time with their students, which affects academic performance. Additionally, it was discovered that there was a direct link between teacher availability and learning; as a result, student performance in environments without teachers continued to be low. Considering the study’s findings, school administrators should coordinate their institutions’ organizational climate. This can be done by making changes in each of their unique schools to create a culture that reduces teacher attrition. School administrators can ensure that Continuing Professional Development (CPD) strategies are effective in retaining teachers by ensuring that all programmes and activities are tailored to meet the needs of teachers for ongoing professional development. Enough assistance should be given by school administrators to help with school management. By highlighting the significance of reducing teacher attrition, the Ministry of Education ought to provide school administrators with specialized training.
El legado humano e intelectual de Héctor Samour
Authors: Brito de Butter Marcela Lisseth
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 163, 2024: 7-9.
Comunicación para el desarrollo como idea-fuerza: del instrumento al constructo participativo
Authors: Flores Argueta Dulcinea Ruthdey , Quintanilla Violeta
Published: July 2024

The following paper reviews how communication for development has evolved regarding its uses and alongside its audiences. It is important to acknowledge an Eurocentric gaze in the application of communication projects for development in Latin America and how this concept has gained new meanings, according to the persons that use it. This paper reviews the origins of the term “communication for development” and the current debate regarding participatory communication, and communication for social change. This essay shows an evolutionary perspective that starts from the closed model conception, focused in a few protagonists to a conception of projects which could be described as more collective, communitary and focused in cooperative work.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 163, 2024: 92-105.
Bruno Latour, la modernidad y las ciencias: ¿dónde aterrizar?
Authors: Monterrosa Luis Antonio
Published: July 2024

This work gathers Bruno Latour’s critique of modernity and the idea of progress, giving special attention to his critique of modern science and the separation it carries out between nature and society. From these perspective, two concrete cases are analyzed that show the prevalence of this conception in current social science: the claims to the technical treatment of the coronavirus pandemic and the purely technical analysis of the water resource. In the first case, it is emphasized that the pandemic is also a political problem; in the second, that the water problem also has political and social implications.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 163, 2024: 106-124.
Pensamiento político clásico en China: más allá del canon eurocéntrico
Authors: Miranda Baires Danilo
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 163, 2024: 125-135.
Pedro Infante. Las leyes del querer, de Carlos Monsiváis
Authors: Velasco Nathaly Guzmán
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 163, 2024: 136-137.
Theory Review: Factors Affecting the Level of Trust and Commitment in the Supply Chains of High-tech Companies
Authors: Junaid Abdul-Malik
Published: July 2024

Purpose This paper reviews the literature that came about as a result of the commitment-trust theory developed by Morgan and Hunt (1994). Several authors used various contextual variables/ antecedents to develop new models/ conceptual frameworks to this theory. This paper analyses the literature, includes a new antecedent that was previously neglected, and develops a more comprehensive conceptual framework that better fits the commitment-trust theory by Morgan and Hunt (1994). Design/ Methodology/ Approach This study is based on a theory-theory-research approach – hypothesizing, surveying, and testing the level of impact of antecedents on trust and commitment in supply chain relationships. Findings This review paper develops a new theory that shows the potential relationship between shared values, asset specificity, communication, national culture, opportunistic behavior, contracts, and success with trust and commitment in supply chain relationships. Further research is recommended to validate this theory. Originality/Value The study includes the ‘national culture’ variable, which is absent in existing literature, and shows the impact it could have on trust, communication, and by extension, commitment in the supply chain of high-tech companies.
Exploring the Sociocultural Dynamics of Compliments and Criticisms in Moroccan Arabic
Authors: Maliki Moulay Sadik , GHAZI Omar EL
Published: July 2024

Language serves not only as a means of communication but also as a social tool, necessary for maintaining relationships and societal equilibrium. In Moroccan Arabic communication dynamics, the acts of complimenting and criticizing are both fundamental and complex. Drawing upon Brown & Levinson’s (1978) framework, this qualitative study investigates these speech acts, exploring a variety of linguistic strategies, such as interrogatives, metaphors, irony, tautology, and honest deceptions. Employing diverse data collection methods including interviews, participant observation, content analysis, and introspection, we examine these dynamics within the linguistic variety spoken in Errachidia, south-eastern Morocco. By adopting purposive sampling and the researcher’s introspective insights as a native speaker, we aim to capture the intricate nuances and subtleties of compliments and criticisms in communicative interactions. Our findings shed light on how cultural backgrounds shape the interpretation and expression of these speech acts, enriching our understanding of language, culture, and social dynamics within the Moroccan Arabic-speaking community. This study not only contributes to scholarly discourse but also offers practical implications for fostering effective communication and nurturing interpersonal relations.
Ergonomic Design Using Anthropometric Methods to Reduce Electrical Power Use: Save Energy When Using Electrical Power
Authors: Wijaya I Ketut
Published: July 2024

Electric power is the dominant means needed by the entire community with all its risks. Electrical power is a basic thing in people's lives to carry out their daily activities. Moreover, people's lives are lives and with development to achieve better conditions, electricity is very necessary to support progress. To achieve this progress cannot be separated from electricity to support its achievement. The longer the electricity condition, the more expensive it will be to use and this requires wise usage procedures. The current condition of electric power means that entrepreneurs who use electric power must be very careful in their use. For this reason, efforts are needed to reduce the use of electricity so that the business can run well. All kinds of efforts have been made to reduce electricity use which cannot be achieved properly. The use of electric power is a condition related to life, its use must be planned and a design created that can be used in its use.
The Efficiency and Effectiveness of E-commerce Consumer Protection Law Enforcement in Indonesia's Digital Economy
Authors: Sufriadi Yanto , Alauddin
Published: July 2024

The Government's policy of implementing social restrictions to prevent the spread of COVID-19 has led to an increased reliance on the internet for daily needs, triggering significant growth in the digital economy. However, this rise in internet usage has also resulted in a surge in crimes that harm consumers. The government must enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of consumer protection law enforcement. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between digital economic growth and e-commerce fraud and evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of consumer protection law enforcement in Indonesia. This normative legal research employs economic and statutory approaches, utilizing primary legal materials such as laws and government regulations, and secondary legal materials including books, research findings, journals, and electronic information. The study concludes that while digital economic growth in Indonesia spiked during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was accompanied by a rise in e-commerce fraud. Consumer protection law enforcement, as regulated by consumer protection laws, is relatively efficient in terms of dispute resolution time since consumer lawsuits can be settled quickly. However, it is less efficient for business actors who bear the costs of attending examinations at consumer dispute resolution agencies and/or court hearings. Dispute resolution between consumers and business actors is highly effective, prioritizing agreements between the parties and resolving nearly all consumer complaints. The study recommends that all disputes between consumers and business actors in electronic trading be resolved electronically (Online Dispute Resolution) to ensure justice for all parties involved.
The Mediating Role of Job Stress in the Relationship Throughout Work-life Balance, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance
Authors: Adi Prakosa Muhamad Luthfi , Qurrotul Aini Intan Novela
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between work-life balance, job stress, job satisfaction, and job performance, with a particular emphasis on the role of job stress as a mediator. This research study utilizes a cross-sectional research style that employs quantitative tools. The main data for this study was gathered by the census method, where questionnaires were given to 138 employees of PT LPP Agro Nusantara in the cities of Yogyakarta and Medan. The Structural Equation Model was used to analyze the data. The study's findings suggest a direct and positive relationship between work-life balance and job satisfaction. On the other hand, work-life balance is discovered to have a negative impact on job stress. Additionally, jobrelated stress plays a role in mediating the connection between work-life balance and job satisfaction. Moreover, it has been discovered that job stress negatively impacts job satisfaction. Finally, it has been determined that job satisfaction has a beneficial impact on job performance. Job satisfaction serves as a mediating factor in the connection between work-life balance and job performance. The results of this study can offer significant knowledge for firms aiming to improve their policies on work-personal life balance. This, in turn, can help reduce work-related stress levels and ultimately promote employee performance.
Influence of Contract Administration Activity on Employee Performance, Moderated by Employee Engagement: Evidence from Doctors in Public Service Health Sector in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Agnes Ongiri, Nyakiba, , Muya, PhD, Dr. James , Daizy Matula, Prof. Phylisters
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to examine the influence of contract administration activity on employee performance among doctors in the public health sector in Nairobi County, Kenya moderated by employee engagement. Drawing on the theory of industrial jurisprudence, the research targeted a population of 789 public service medical doctors. Probability’s stratified sampling technique was employed to categorize the population into specialization based strata and 327 doctors selected through simple random sampling. Non-probability’s purposive sampling technique was used to pick 21 top managers. The study was based pragmatism research philosophy and convergent parallel mixed methods design. Quantitative data was gathered from doctors using a selfstructured questionnaire while qualitative data was collected from top managers using an openended interview guide. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and validity was established through face, criterion, content and construct validities. Hypotheses were tested using regression analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The study found that though contract administration activity had a positive and significant influence on employee performance, the performance of the doctors in public service health sector in Nairobi County was affected by the non-full implementation of their 2017 contract. Further, results showed that relationship between contract administration activity and employee performance was significantly moderated by employee engagement. The study also found that there was no employee engagement policy in the public service. Therefore, study recommended that labour relations stakeholders should formulate more innovative and practical mechanisms that guarantee timely contract administration. Also, formulation of employee engagement policyasa pillar of enhanced employee performance, especially among the public service health sector, should be encouraged.
Determinants of Audit Report Lag in Indonesia
Authors: Puspaningsih Abriyani , Fabillah Yoswitha Nadiyah
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of profitability, size of the public accounting firm, company size and independent commissioners on audit report lag. The research was conducted on companies in the financial institutions sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2019-2021. The sample was determined based on the purposive sampling method and 54 sample company data were obtained. Research data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this research show that company size has a negative effect on audit report lag. Meanwhile, profitability, the size of the public accounting firm and independent commissioners do not have a significant effect on audit report lag. The results of this research have implication that go public companies (as large companies) must minimize audit report lag. For investors, if financial statements provided on time will be very helpful in decision making.
Step-by-step bleeding management in cesarean section
Authors: Winata I Gede Sastra , Wibawa I Gusti Ngurah Agung Satria
Published: July 2024

Cesarean sections have recently increased dramatically worldwide in the last 50 years. Unfortunately, the post-cesarean section maternal morbidity rate is reported to be relatively high, which is as high as 36%. Some of the most common complications of cesarean section are fever (25%), bleeding (4%), hematoma (4%), and urinary tract infection (3%). Among these complications, obstetric hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of maternal death worldwide. Excessive hemorrhage associated with a cesarean section is defined as blood loss above 1000 ml is frequently underestimated, but is documented as occurring in more than 5–10% of cesarean sections. In most cases, this can be treated with conservative treatment such as vaginal packing and administration of uterotonic drugs. However, some persistent bleeding cases require specific treatment and techniques during the operation. Therefore it is essential to understand the steps and procedures for handling bleeding during cesarean section to reduce maternal mortality. This article review aims to summarize some techniques that can be used to control bleeding during cesarean section.
Newer technique in surfactant administration
Authors: Wandita Setya
Published: July 2024

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a morbidity often found in premature infants. The incidence of RDS is inversely proportional to gestational age and decreases with the presence of antenatal steroids. Surfactant is a phospholipid produced by type 2 pneumatocytes. Surfactant coats the alveoli and bronchioles so that their surface tension is reduced. Thus, the alveoli and bronchioli remain open, allowing gas exchange. After surfactants are known to benefit RDS, the next question is when is the right time to give them. There are 2 alternative times for surfactant therapy, namely before symptoms appear or a diagnosis is made (prophylaxis) and after RDS symptoms appear (rescue). Several Newer techniques in surfactant administration will be discussed in this article.
Relationship between total 25(OH)D and interleukin-2 contents in preterm conversion patients
Authors: Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Mulyana Ryan Saktika , Kamajaya I Gusti Ngurah Agung Trisnu
Published: July 2024

The most essential nutrient for pregnant women is vitamin D. A lack of vitamin D can cause preterm labor and other issues like low birth weight, preeclampsia, and issues with the baby's bones. According to some research, there is no safe top level and a 75–80 nmol/L range. According to additional studies, an ideal range is between 75 and 110 nmol/L and a daily dosage of 1800 to 4000 IU of vitamin D3. In both early and late pregnancies, women with sufficient vitamin D levels (at least 30 ng/mL) exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence of preeclampsia. It is also known that vitamin D modulates the immune system in several ways. T-cell proliferation can be suppressed, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-, and IL-17, can be produced less frequently when vitamin D is present. A lack of vitamin D may lead to a rise in cytokines that promote inflammation, such as IL-2. This paper will, therefore, examine the relationship between vitamin D, IL-2 levels, and the risk of premature labor.
The effect of maternal diabetes on the formation of fetal surfactant
Authors: Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Sutandi Chatrine
Published: July 2024

Elevated maternal blood glucose levels in pregnancy correlate with increased risk of pregnancy complications, labor, and pregnancy outcomes. Type II alveolus cells produce a combination of fat and protein called pulmonary surfactant. To assist in preserving lung stability, pulmonary surfactant plays a crucial function in lowering the propensity of the alveolus to recoil and preventing alveolus collapse. The hallmark of maternal diabetes is the malfunctioning of pancreatic β-cells, which results in insufficient insulin production to sustain proper blood glucose levels. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns is caused by surfactant lack of sufficiency, which is caused by fetal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinism brought on by maternal diabetes. Appropriate treatments are required to improve glycemic management since maternal diabetes raises the risk of RDS in term newborns. These therapies include a deeper comprehension of the molecular mechanisms behind gestational diabetes mellitus that impact the surfactant system. Phosphatidylglycerol levels are either nonexistent or extremely low in infants with RDS. Phosphatidylglycerol synthesis during pregnancy in diabetics is known to be delayed in comparison to the non-diabetic control group. For this reason, proper care is essential to enhancing long-term health and neonatal outcomes. These findings underscore the need for early detection and management of maternal diabetes to mitigate the risk of RDS and improve neonatal health.