bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using the INTERNET as a Professional Development Tool: An Analysis
Authors: Monty Vivienne , Warren-Wenk P.
Published: September 2017

This article provides an overview of the concepts and practice of professional development in library and information science, and studies the way in which professional development is changing with the advent of the Internet. Theauthors suggest that the incorporation of networking activities into the working lives of librarians is producing fundamental changes in the process of professional development. The article suggests ways in which electronic sources can be used to replace or enhance traditional modes of professional development, and concludes with a selection of specific Internet resources of interest to education librarians for professional development.
Core Competencies for the Information Professions and the Evolution of Skill Sets
Authors: Sutton Stuart A.
Published: September 2017

In this article, we consider the mechanisms necessary to distill new skill sets from the profession's core competencies along three out of four dimensions that define practice for information professionals in general and librarians in particular. We explore the emerging information universe and the environmental factors shaping it in order to cast light on the emerging professional contlicts over appropriate niches in the new universe of information work. Abbott's processes of reduction and abstraction as mechanism for the expansion of redefinition of a profession's domain are examined along three practice dimensions: (1) the tool making dimension, (2) the information management (tool use) dimension, and (3) the agency (service) dimension.
TRAINING INFORMATION PROFESSIONALS TO DEAL WITH NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Beheshti Jamshid
Published: September 2017

Information professionals are increasingly required to perform technical duties dealing with new technologies. Training them to cope with the extended responsibilities has become a challenging task for the library and informationstudies programs. A systematic approach to conveying the IT (Information Technology) knowledge base to professionals has been suggested here based on a modified version of an educational taxonomy in the cognitive domain. Two continua are constructed dealing with hardware and software knowledge bases. The software continuum consists of three Levels: Application, Analysis/Synthesis and Evaluation/Creation. The hardware continuum is slightly different: Comprehension, Application and Synthesis/Evaluation. The depth of the knowledge base and competency level increases with each level. The continua may be used as guidelines to design a comprehensive curriculum in the IT area. The outcome of the continua may result in an IT curriculum with eight courses or modules, four of which should be required and four optional.
EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE, 1988-1995
Authors: Karp Rashelle S. , Allen Tonya
Published: September 2017

Clarion University of Pennsylvania's Department of Library Science (DLS) has been offering an accredited Master of Science in Library Science degree since 1976; the program has been reaccredited twice since its original accreditation, and recentlycompleted the process of self study associated with an accreditation visit in the spring of 1996. (...)
Bibliothek und Wissenschaftliche Dokumentation
Authors: Institute for Human Development and Education Max Planck
Published: September 2017

Clearinghouse: Resource Page "Third International Mathematics and Science Study"Letzte Anderung: 28-05-96
ONLINE DEAFNESS AND DEAF CULTURE INFORMATION RESOURCES
Authors: Day John Michael
Published: September 2017

The World Wide Web is particularly suited as a communication medium for the deaf community. A wealth of deaf-related online information is available on subject specific, special purpose, and comprehensive sites that provide important resources for deaf people, their families, and involved professionals. Librarians now face the challenge of devising new procedures for teaching users how to search for inform ation and more importantly, how to evaluate the quality of what is retrieved.
RESOURCES ON THE NET: PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Wade Anne
Published: September 2017

This column identifies a sample of web-based sources on professional development. It is by no means a comprehensive listing. Sites were retrieved from the databases of Hotbot, Altavista, Fast Search and Northernlight search engines using thefollowing search strategies: ("staffdevelopment" OR "professional development" OR "lifelong learning" OR training) AND (librarians OR library technicians). For some searches, the results were restricted to "education libraries". (...)
RESOURCES ON THE NET: Visual Aspects of Education Libraries
Authors: Wade Anne
Published: September 2017

Compiled by Anne Wade, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec
Providing Services for Students with Disabilities in an Academic Library
Authors: Carter Catherine J.
Published: September 2017

Accessibility issues are at the forefront of library services as the number of students with disabilities attending colleges or universities continues to increase. Three areas where academic librarians can concentrate efforts to better meet the needs of these students are: bibliographic instruction, web page design, and staff training. While the suggestions presented here focus on providing enhanced service to students with disabilities. all students can benefit from increased sensitivity and understanding of different learning styles, improved quality of library service to better enable students to conduct research independently, and easier access to information.
Credit Where Credit is Due: Considering Ethics, Ethos, and Process in Library Instruction on Attribution
Authors: Harris Benjamin R.
Published: September 2017

Numerous reasons have been offered for the increase in plagiarism in the academy over the last decade, and most of the research has assigned primary blame to the influence of the Internet. Few writers have considered how changes in the location of research and citation instruction have had an impact on these statistics. The lack of such instruction in first year writing courses, spurred by changes in pedagogical theory on the teaching of composition, has been a powerful but subtle influence on how (or even if) research process is truly taught to undergraduates. Further, as librarians have adopted and deployed information literacy initiatives in their institutions, their responsibilities related to the ethical and effective use of sources have grown. Considering options for instructing students “how” and “why” they will want to use sources will help teaching librarians achieve their information literacy initiatives and prepare for the new and changing roles they will accept in their institution’s educational mission.
The Virtuous Circle: Increasing Diversity in LIS Faculties to Create More Inclusive Library Services and Outreach
Authors: Jaeger Paul T. , Franklin Renee E.
Published: September 2017

While increasing the diversity of the library profession has been a longrunning concern of Library and Information Science (LIS), the diversity of LIS doctoral students and faculties has received far less attention. This paper argues that libraries will be best equipped to provide inclusive services and outreach to diverse populations when LIS doctoral students and faculties better reflect the diversity of the United States population. After a brief overview of efforts to diversify LIS, this paper examines the current state of faculty diversity. The concept of a “virtuous circle” is then introduced, examining the ways in which an increase in faculty diversity can ultimately lead to more culturally aware LIS graduates whose education will prepare them to help libraries provide inclusive services and outreach to diverse communities of patrons. The paper then discusses ways that LIS programs and LIS research can work to create this virtuous circle to promote diversity and inclusiveness in LIS.
NEW AND FORTHCOMING AT REFERENCE
Authors: Mestre Lori , Salem Linda
Published: September 2017

(...)
The Critical Success Factors for School and Community (Joint Use) Libraries in New Zealand
Authors: Matthews Vivienne Kaye D. , Calvert Philip J.
Published: September 2017

Joint use libraries in New Zealand are generally found in the form of School and Community Libraries, primarily in rural areas, but there is little information available about their effectiveness or success. Research was undertaken by surveying all identified joint use libraries in New Zealand and then following this with detailed Case Studies of three selected libraries. As these joint use libraries continue to be established in rural and urban areas of New Zealand, this research aimed to establish the Critical Success Factors for School and Community (Joint Use) Libraries in New Zealand. A comparison of these factors with those found in overseas literature on Joint Use Libraries has yielded guidelines to enable present and future manifestations of these libraries in New Zealand to be effective and successful.
Transforming a Curriculum Center for the 21st Century at Eastern Washington University Libraries
Authors: Miller Julie , Meyer Nadean
Published: September 2017

Teacher education is a vital component of Eastern Washington University’s (EWU) mission and history. In 2006, after several years of decline in collections and usage of its curriculum center, EWU Libraries made a commitment to transform it into a center for twenty-first century educators. The center has changed greatly in a short time with five conditions facilitating the center’s rapid transformation from an outdated, infrequently used corner of the library to a vibrant and busy hub. These conditions for change include: a librarian who acts as catalyst; a visioning process; essential structures upon which to build; the ability to reallocate resources, and the underlying element in this transformation: organizational leadership. Next steps in the transformation will include systematic assessment of resources and services, increased access to instructional technologies, and development of collaboration spaces.
New and Forthcoming
Authors: Mestre Lori
Published: September 2017

(...)
A Ideia de Europa
Authors: Fernandes José Pedro
Published: September 2017

Europa: de que se trata? De uma noção da experiência? Da conclusão a que há muito, muito tempo chegou uma fracção da humanidade, de que existe, à superfície do globo, um conjunto de territórios tão aparentados entre si, territórios tão dissemelhantes daqueles que os rodeiam que se tornava necessário uni baptismo, que a aposição de um nome a esta personalidade geográfica se impunha, verdadeiramente, de forma indiscutível? Não, mil vezes não.Lucien Febvre (1944-1945 [2001]: 40-41)
Importância Que Uma Firme Adesão às Regras do Comércio Internacional (GATT/OMC) tem para o Desempenho Macro-Económico de um País
Authors: Campos Raelen De
Published: September 2017

Para responder esta indagação, é importante avaliar que a adesão de um país às regras do comércio internacional (GATT/OMC) é decorrente do desenvolvimento da economia e, consequentemente da globalização.
Compliance Complexity and Tax Compliance for Individuals in Pre and Post M-filing Implementation in Malaysia
Authors: Mas’ud Abdulsalam , Abdul Manaf Nor Aziah , Saad Natrah
Published: September 2017

Background: Mobile filing (m-filing) of tax returns through smartphones is one of the approaches to electronic tax filing. While electronic tax filing was introduced in 2006 in Malaysia, m-filing was only introduced into Malaysian tax system in 2012.

Objective: Here the objective is to examine whether a significant statistical difference exists in tax compliance and compliance complexity under pre and post m-filing implementation in Malaysia.

 Methodology: the analysis was conducted using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test which is a non-parametric test for comparison of two groups.

Result: the findings revealed that there is a significant statistical difference in tax compliance under pre and post m-filing implementation in Malaysia. Differently, it was found that significant statistical difference exists in compliance complexity under pre and post implementation of m-filing in Malaysia.

Implication: the implication here is that Malaysian tax authority needs to devise other means of enhancing tax compliance apart from compliance complexity. Despite the reduction in complexity of payment procedures, the tax compliance remained unchanged. For other developing countries who desire to reduce compliance complexity, they may implement electronic tax system such as m-filing that can reduce complexity and enhance tax compliance.
Sustainable Service Quality of Water and Sewerage Companies
Authors: Salleh Abrari , Yusof Sha’ri Mohd
Published: September 2017

Objective: The purpose of this conceptual paper is to critically review and discuss the perceived service quality of the water and sewerage services with the addition of sustainability factor with respect to economic, environmental and social aspects among the Malaysian water and sewerage companies.

Methodology: The review of various service quality models and sustainability models that has led to our findings on knowledge gap between sustainability and service quality especially in utility services sector (water and energy).

Results: The authors propose a modified SERVQUAL model with six independent variables namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy with an additional dimension i.e. sustainability. Addition of sustainability has modified the existing SERVQUAL instrument to be called sustainable service quality or SUSSERV.

Implication: The paper involves discovering the lack of research in sustainability service quality particularly in the context of Malaysian water services (including sewerage). This review should be able to answer the question why SERVQUAL is not appropriate for measuring water services quality thus requiring some improvement or modification using SUSSERV. Previous efforts and focus have been made based on water quality and water treatment or process quality (technical issues), thus this paper is an attempt to fill the gap between service, product and process quality by adding sustainability dimension in service quality evaluation.
Re-examining Family Communication Pattern: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Abu Bakar Aziyah , Samsudin Zarihan , Afthanorhan Asyraf
Published: September 2017

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the model for Revised Family Communication Pattern (RFCP) can be used to measure the communication patterns within a family.Methodology: A survey questionnaire was administered to 500 respondents but only 380 of them were deemed useable. Prior to this, a pilot study was undertaken in which an internal alpha procedure was conducted to determine the reliability of the variables for this study. Similarly, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was also performed to confirm the factor structure so that variables with low factor loading could be excluded. On the other hand, the variable with highest factor loading was identified and then rigorously explained in regard to this model.Results: More than 50% of the respondents had agreed with the item B9 of the conversation orientation and B17 of the conformity orientation thus, indicating that the model is useful in measuring the communication patterns within a family after omitting several effect indicators that had severe negative impact on estimation.Implications: When the value of factor loading of a variable is low, fitting the variable in the model will result in the model becoming a misfit that ends with a discussion about the underlying factor structure that is fruitless. This study is particularly useful for practitioners who need to identify variables that are suitable for research on family communication. Besides that, this paper also provides valuable reference for researchers to consider the adoption of RFCP based on conversation and conformity orientations in Malaysia.
The Relationship between Organizational Communication and Employees Productivity with New Dimensions of Effective Communication Flow
Authors: Sadia Aysha , Mohd Salleh Berhannudin , Abdul Kadir Zulida , Sanif Sazuliana
Published: September 2017

Effective organizational communication can lead organization in asuccessful way, only if exists. Without proper information and planning anydeliberated decision cannot occur. There is a vast literature on organizationalcommunication and productivity of employees. However this research looksover the influence of effectiveness of internal communication on employees'productivity. The core concentration in this study is level of communicationin organization and how employees perceive communication, and what arethe effects of internal communication on their work capability. The focus ofthis study is on the relation of employees' efficiency in organizationalcommunication with the support of effective communication, as compare toprevious study that only concentrated on organizational communication andproductivity. Therefore after recognizing the effectiveness ofcommunication the employee's productivity flourishes in organizationalcommunication. Flow of effective communication in organizations developsthe strong bonding between staff and management, then employees gettrusted, that make them more productive.
PENGARUH KOMPRESI PERUT BAGIAN BAWAH TERHADAP DEFEKASI BAYI BARU LAHIR
Authors: Lestari Uti , R Pemi Sunarsih
Published: September 2017

Latar Belakang: Masa neonatal merupakan periode tersingkat dari semua periode perkembangan. Salah satu proses adaptasi fisiologis yang harus dilakukan bayi dan diidentifikasi oleh tenaga kesehatan selama periode transisi kehidupan fetus ke neonatus adalah adaptasi sistem gastrointestinal. Terlambatnya pengeluaran meconium sebelum 24 jam, menjadi masalah pertama karena gagalnya keluar meconium akibat dari kegagalan migrasi sel ganglion ke pleksus mukosa dan pleksus mienterikus usus besar yang dapat menyebabkan obstruksi. Tujuan: pengaruh kompresi perut bagian bawah terhadap Defekasi bayi baru lahir. Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat korelasional, Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua bayi baru lahir pada periode Januari-Pebruari di RSUD dr. Soeselo Slawi. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah bayi baru lahir di RSUD dr. Soeselo Slawi. Dalam penelitian ini pengujian hipotesis pengaruh teknik kompresi perut bagian bawah terhadap defekasi pada bayi baru lahir menggunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment. Hasil : Berdasarkan penghitungan dengan menggunakan rumus Product Moment, terdapat nilai koefisien korelasi rho teknik kompresi perut bagian bawah terhadap defekasi bayi baru lahir setelah dilakukan tindakan sebesar (+) 0,259. Harga positif (+) menunjukan bahwa semakin sering dilakukan tindakan teknik kompresi perut bagian bawah maka defekasi efektif. Hasil dari rho hitung dibandingkan rho table untuk menginterpretasikan angka tersebut. Dari tabel diatas terlihat bahwa n = 60, pada taraf kesalahan 5% diperoleh harga 0,254. Hasil rho hitung ternyata lebih besar dari rho tabel (0,259 ? 0,254). Kesimpulan : terdapat pengaruh teknik kompresi perut bagian bawah terhadap defekasi bayi baru lahir. Kata Kunci : Kompresi, Defekasi
Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Müller Julia
Published: September 2017

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a widespread condition, that affects near 20% of individuals, exposed to traumatic event. Moreover, recent studies suggest, that it has a tendency for chronic course and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. According to clinical guidelines as first line therapy for PTSD trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy must be used. In this educational course are presented highlights of 2-day trauma-focused cognitive therapy training, including PTSD symptoms, overall CBT methods overview, theoretical and practical implications.
Thermite welding of Cu–Nb microcomposite wires
Authors: Višniakov Nikolaj , Mikalauskas Gediminas , Škamat Jelena , Lukauskaitė Raimonda , Černašėjus Olegas , Rudzinskas Vitalijus , Boris Renata
Published: September 2017

Thermite welding of Cu–Nb microcomposite wires was investigated. Suitable compositions of thermite material and slag were determined from the equation of the exothermic combustion synthesis reaction. The phase compositions of the thermite mixture and slag determined by X-ray diffraction analysis correspond to those assessed from the equation. According to non-destructive radiographic testing, the joint structure does not have welding defects. Microstructural examination of the joint cross-section with scanning electron microscopy showed that the Cu–Nb wire retained its shape and microstructure and only a thin surface layer of wire was melted during welding. The difference in electrical resistances of the conductor and welded joint was below 20 %. The thermite joint can withstand a maximum load equal to 62.5 % of the load-bearing capacity of microcomposite conductor.
Bringing 3D visualization into the online research article
Authors: Aalbersberg IJsbrand Jan , Cos Alvarez Pilar , Jomier Julien , Marion Charles , Zudilova-Seinstra Elena
Published: September 2017

The ICT revolution of the last decade impacts scientific publishing and changes the format in which articles are delivered and how results of scientific research are communicated. With researchers increasingly generating and referencing 3D data in their articles, the ability to accurately visualize that data in online publications has become extremely important. To address growing demands in online 3D visualization across various scientific domains and journals, Elsevier and Kitware launched a project to develop a 3D visualization infrastructure supporting different data formats, visualization techniques, and interaction styles for online scientific publishing. In this paper, we describe the expandable Hybrid Visualization Platform and five domain-specific 3D visualization viewers and present results of an author feedback survey. The presence of interactive 3D viewers embeddable in online articles is a key example of how the digital article format adds value to scientific communication and how it helps readers to better understand research findings and re-use the associated 3D data.
Making information a business: The voice behind the curtain
Authors: Hlava Marjorie M.K.
Published: September 2017

Gathering from her perspective on over 2000 information projects and products completed over the last forty years, Marjorie Hlava offers a fascinating view of database creation and search using developing technologies, and information technology standards. As an early implementer of most of the technologies we use and products we all sell today, and having worked behind the scenes at one time or another for most of the organizations in NFAIS, she has seen a wide variety of data and applications. She has thrilling tales from her adventures in the field, along with a unique perspective to share. This development in the trenches under a continuing onslaught of new options has honed her knowledge on what has worked well, and what will work in the future. In this talk she will draw from her varied background, bring in statistics from our broad marketplace, and share what she sees on our horizons.
The Science.gov Trivia Challenge
Authors: Newman Michael E. , Newell Mark R.
Published: September 2017

This is a short paper on the “Trivia Challenge” which is a social media initiative to combine science and fun to raise awareness of the Science.gov information portal. Science.gov operated under the Science.gov Alliance and is sponsored by the federal interagency group CENDI.
Attitudes towards open access: A meta-synthesis of the empirical literature
Authors: Togia Aspasia , Korobili Stella
Published: September 2017

The aim of the present study is to report the results of a meta-synthesis of the empirical literature on scholars' attitudes towards Open Access (OA) journals. A total of 15 articles published in scholarly journals since 2002 (when the Budapest Open Access Initiative was released) were included in the study and five major themes emerged from their examination and analysis. The literature indicates that attitudes and perceptions of OA are varied across countries and across disciplines. Free access, which is perceived to facilitate wider dissemination of research outputs, is a strong incentive for publishing in OA. However, quality and reputation are the most important factors in selecting a journal and take priority over the availability of free access. Although OA is perceived to have many advantages over the traditional publication model, it raises some concerns too, especially in regard to the author-pays model, the quality of peer-review and the impact of the journals.
A digital-first authoring environment for enriched e-books using EPUB 3
Authors: De Meester Ben , De Nies Tom , Ghaem Sigarchian Hajar , Vander Sande Miel , van Campen Jelle , Van Impe Bram , De Neve Wesley , Mannens Erik , Van de Walle Rik
Published: September 2017

The overall majority of books are currently being made with primarily a printed outcome in mind. To make a digital version of these books, most manuscripts need to be re-processed, which usually results in customary built e-books. This need for a customized authoring workflow for every electronic version of a book makes it impossible to build e-books in a cost-effective way. In this paper, we propose a novel workflow that incorporates both print and digital book authoring.

By charting the currently most widespread workflow Flemish publishers use to author print books and e-books, we are able to identify the most pressing problems. These are the print-first approach, the vendor lock-in situation of the e-reader market, and the high cost of updating and/or maintaining the content of an (e-)book. To overcome the aforementioned problems, we devise a new workflow that follows a digital-first approach using Open Web standards, separating content, structure, and layout. We evaluate the proposed workflow by building a proof-of-concept authoring environment.

Using this new workflow, both digital and print books can be built without significant additional costs. The proof of concept is evaluated using an experts group of Flemish publishers, and received general positive reception, with concerns on how to incorporate the proposed workflow into production environments. By not limiting the proof of concept to a fixed data model, it could handle content from more content providers, facilitating further research into the possibilities and future requirements of the EPUB 3 specification.
Similarity between text and RDF
Authors: Schiessl Marcelo , Berardi Rita , Bräscher Marisa
Published: September 2017

Recently, sources of structured and unstructured data have been made available on the web, and gained attention among researchers from several areas. They are become more interested in using this global dataset due to its size and variety of information. In the Semantic Web field, many studies have translated structured data into unstructured data, and vice-versa, to make them comprehensible to machines and humans. However, we argue that we can take advantage of the existing information, in both text and RDF format. In this paper we focus on finding a way to compare them, and discovering which available text can represent an existing RDF. Hence, we propose a strategy to check whether a text represents the same knowledge that is shown in RDF format.
Scientific information management policies and information literacy schemes in Greek higher education institutions and libraries
Authors: Clapsopoulos Ioannis , Zapounidou Sofia , Balatzaras Marios , Patrinos Dimitrios
Published: September 2017

Scientific information management and related policies may impact information literacy practices, models and policies. This paper demonstrates the current situation regarding information literacy in Greece with a focus on Greek higher education institutions and libraries. Presents recent developments in scientific information management in Greece and discusses possible interaction between information literacy and scientific information policies.
Legislation for personal privacy: its impact on transborder data flow
Authors: Mendelsohn L.D.
Published: September 2017

The recent proliferation of privacy protection laws has had a significant impact on transborder data flows, frequently inhibiting the free flow of information across national borders. Such legislation appears to have been enacted in order to protect the privacy interests of individuals; however, it has had the effect of weakening international trade and strengthening the enacting governments against influence from other nations. No government has explicitly stated that it intends its privacy legislation to have this effect; however, it is clear that many nations have been motivated by more than a desire to protect their citizens' privacy. The privacy legislation of several developed nations is discussed, together with its impact on international trade and national sovereignty.
Design considerations for capturing an electronic library
Authors: Katsura E. , Takasu A. , Hara S. , Aizawa A.N.
Published: September 2017

The basic design considerations and theoretical frameworks for capturing an electronic library system named CyberMagazine are described. CyberMagazin'e, which is now under design, can offer all users the same access style currently and generally used by the public when obtaining information from printed materials. In this paper, at first, the architecture of CyberMagazine software is outlined. Theoretical frameworks for managing and manipulating multimedia data and integrating any other related issues in order to implement CyberMagazine are also discussed. Through these issues, it will be possible to orient the system design toward the specifications of multimedia document storage and retrieval. This paper also illustrates the philosophy behind its research and development for capturing an electronic library in the context of library works and multimedia technology. Our approach will also provide a potential for increasing applications such as electronic current awareness services, “off-the-shelf” document services, automated SDI (Selected Dissemination of Information) services, and more.
The future of libraries and information services: report of a Delphi study
Authors: van Trier Gerard M.
Published: September 2017

In 1991 the Netherlands Council for Libraries and Information Services (RABIN) initiated a Delphi study to get a picture of the information chain in the year 2000: its logistics and the matching of supply and demand. A questionnaire was sent to experts in the sectors of medicine, law and the general public. The findings were commented upon by three groups of experts, selected from the respondents. The discussions concentrated on the arguments for the answers given.

A gradual, not a radical change in the information sector was expected as a result of the increasing importance and use of electronic information. The use of different kinds of information and media was expected to increase 1–4.5% annually. The roles of the parties in the information chain in 2000 will essentially be the same as they are now. In spite of that, communication channels will be shorter, new channels will be used more (author-enduser, publisher-enduser) and increasing competition, especially with regard to the distribution of information, will cause some tension.
Report on the ELINOR electronic library pilot
Authors: Zhao Dian G. , Ramsden Anne
Published: September 2017

The ELINOR (Electronic Library Information Online Retrieval) electronic library project, jointly founded by De Montfort University, the British Library and IBM UK, is a research project started in March 1992 [1, 4]. One of the important objectives of the project is to build an electronic (or digital, or virtual) library system containing a large collection of the full contents of high use materials including books, journals, course materials, and multimedia learning packages, which can be directly accessed by students and staff via Windows-based PCs and workstations.

A pilot system was implemented in 1993 to experiment with the various aspects of the electronic library. The project has focused on several research areas, including copyright management, the user aspect and the modelling aspect of the electronic library. A copyright management system, including usage statistics collection and management and printing control, was implemented in-house [19]. An initial user study based on the pilot was conducted on a small sample of students [18]. The pilot system is now being extended both in terms of the subject coverage and network access. This paper covers the user aspect, the system architecture and copyright management of the ELINOR electronic library.
Interactive publications and the record of science
Authors: McMahon Brian
Published: September 2017

The Proceedings of a one-day Workshop are described, in which publishers, publishing service providers, librarians, editors and authors met under the auspices of the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI) to survey new developments in interactive scholarly publishing, and to begin to identify the necessary infrastructure for including such interactive content within the long-term record of science.
A core for flexibility
Authors: Chute Mary L.
Published: September 2017

This paper addresses issues of inventing the future of information services from the perspective of a practitioner.

While recognizing deep dedication to privacy, openness, commitment to the under-served, and long-term stewardship of the cultural record, the author acknowledges the impossibility of designing a precise curriculum for mid-21st century information professionals and proposes core subject areas providing an adaptable 21st century skill platform.

Enduring goals of information services professions evolve due to commitment and responsiveness to changing communities and needs, and adaptation to new technologies. The “library” or “archive” is no longer a warehouse for content, but rather a set of services designed by information professionals who simultaneously are reinventing themselves. Our institutions continue as environments that support development of the learner, promote information discovery, and serve as community anchor institutions.

The information professional must be equipped with attitude and analytic capabilities designed for problem solving, able to work both independently and in teams, and capable of constant adaptation. Proposed core curriculum areas: • strategic thinking and facility with evidence-based planning and evaluation, • ability and skills necessary for trends analysis, • ability to effectively teach, train, and empower myriad learner types, • ability and skills to respond to the needs of each unique customer.
Workforce trends, issues and values
Authors: Marshall Joanne Gard
Published: September 2017

As we consider the future of the information professions, it is useful to reflect on issues related to the library and information science workforce and the values that underlie the field. The author's professional experience and research are used to highlight important practice trends such as digital libraries, embedded librarianship, broadening the audience for library and information services, involvement in problem-based learning, evidence based practice, end user searching of online databases, and the increasing need to conduct studies that link information services to key outcomes. The importance of tracking practice trends as part of the ongoing curriculum revision process is emphasized. Linking both education and research to practice will be crucial to the success of future educational programs and the ability of graduates to make a useful contribution in the workplace. Workforce tracking of alumni is a key component of effective strategic planning and overall workforce planning, especially in a time of major demographic change. Professional associations have an important role of play in continuing education and building the core ethics and values of the field.
Notes on a Newly Discovered Draft of the Poem ‘Le Petit Sot’
Authors: Van Hulle Dirk , Verhulst Pim
Published: September 2017

During our work on the transcription of the manuscript notebooks of Malone meurt for the Beckett Digital Manuscript Project, we recently discovered a draft of the poem ‘Le Petit Sot’ which, to the best of our knowledge, was so far unknown to Beckett scholars. In this article, we situate the draft in its material and chronological context, and relate these findings to the authorship debate surrounding Beckett's ‘Petit Sot’ poems. In doing so, we argue that it contributes to the emergence of a pattern towards stylistic simplification and ignorance in his work, which can be traced from the French poems he started writing at the end of the 1930s, to late works such as the mirlitonnades, Stirrings Still and ‘comment dire’ / ‘what is the word’. As a consequence, what Beckett once referred to as his post-war ‘revelation’ might better be conceived of as a gradual, bilingual process rather than a sudden epiphany.
Comparison of Internal Clustering Validation Indices for Prototype-Based Clustering
Authors: Hämäläinen Joonas , Jauhiainen Susanne , Kärkkäinen Tommi
Published: September 2017

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning and pattern recognition method. In general, in addition to revealing hidden groups of similar observations and clusters, their number needs to be determined. Internal clustering validation indices estimate this number without any external information. The purpose of this article is to evaluate, empirically, characteristics of a representative set of internal clustering validation indices with many datasets. The prototype-based clustering framework includes multiple, classical and robust, statistical estimates of cluster location so that the overall setting of the paper is novel. General observations on the quality of validation indices and on the behavior of different variants of clustering algorithms will be given.
Glyphosate Efficacy of Different Salt Formulations and Adjuvant Additives on Various Weeds
Authors: Travlos Ilias , Cheimona Nikolina , Bilalis Dimitrios
Published: September 2017

In many crops, weeds are managed by herbicides, mainly due to the decrease in crop yields and farmers’ incomes caused by them. In general, chemical control of weeds is considered to be an easy, relatively cheap, and highly effective method. However, not all weeds can be successfully controlled, either because of their natural tolerance or their herbicide resistance. Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. It can manage effectively a broad spectrum of weeds, and promotes conservation agriculture by significantly reducing conventional plough tillage. Unfortunately, its extensive use has led to the evolution of glyphosate resistance, which has evolved into a major problem for global crop production. Alternative herbicides are, in some cases, available, but they do not usually control certain weeds as efficiently as glyphosate. The transmission of herbicides to the target site is a complex process, and consists of several stages. Each herbicide is affected and can be manipulated by the product formulation for the optimization of its use. Many experiments have confirmed that different glyphosate salts and adjuvant additives are instrumental in the optimization of herbicide absorption and delivery processes. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview of these experiments and summarize the literature related to the effect of various glyphosate formulations and adjuvants on weed control. Determining the differences among formulations and adjuvants may lead to the further optimized long-term use of glyphosate.
Size Control and Fluorescence Labeling of Polydopamine Melanin-Mimetic Nanoparticles for Intracellular Imaging
Authors: Amin Devang , Sugnaux Caroline , Lau King , Messersmith Phillip
Published: September 2017

As synthetic analogs of the natural pigment melanin, polydopamine nanoparticles (NPs) are under active investigation as non-toxic anticancer photothermal agents and as free radical scavenging therapeutics. By analogy to the widely adopted polydopamine coatings, polydopamine NPs offer the potential for facile aqueous synthesis and incorporation of (bio)functional groups under mild temperature and pH conditions. However, clear procedures for the convenient and reproducible control of critical NP properties such as particle diameter, surface charge, and loading with functional molecules have yet to be established. In this work, we have synthesized polydopamine-based melanin-mimetic nanoparticles (MMNPs) with finely controlled diameters spanning ≈25 to 120 nm and report on the pH-dependence of zeta potential, methodologies for PEGylation, and the incorporation of fluorescent organic molecules. A comprehensive suite of complementary techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta-potential, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy, was used to characterize the MMNPs and their properties. Our PEGylated MMNPs are highly stable in both phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in cell culture media and exhibit no cytotoxicity up to at least 100 µg mL−1 concentrations. We also show that a post-functionalization methodology for fluorophore loading is especially suitable for producing MMNPs with stable fluorescence and significantly narrower emission profiles than previous reports, suggesting they will be useful for multimodal cell imaging. Our results pave the way towards biomedical imaging and possibly drug delivery applications, as well as fundamental studies of MMNP size and surface chemistry dependent cellular interactions.
The Potential of Juniperus thurifera to Sequester Carbon in Semi-Arid Forest Soil in Spain
Authors: Charro Elena , Moyano Amelia , Cabezón Raquel
Published: September 2017

The main purpose of this work is to show the influence of vegetation in the storage and stabilisation of organic carbon in semi-arid Juniperus thurifera (J. thurifera) forest soil in central Spain. The variability of the organic matter storage with factors such as sex, trunk diameter and the protection of the canopy of the tree has been analysed. The distribution of the soil organic carbon (SOC) into different fractions has also been determined, in order to estimate the stability of the organic matter. The results show that the SOC concentration has no dependence on the sex of the tree, but it increases with the diameter of the trunk and under the protection of the tree canopy. This study found that the organic matter of the J. thurifera forest soil has a high proportion of recalcitrant organic fraction, humin, which suggests that, given its organic matter stability, J. thurifera forest soils could be a real carbon sink. Consequently, the conservation of this type of old forest ecosystem is important for promoting carbon sequestration.
RECQ1 Helicase Silencing Decreases the Tumour Growth Rate of U87 Glioblastoma Cell Xenografts in Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: Vittori Miloš , Breznik Barbara , Hrovat Katja , Kenig Saša , Lah Tamara T.
Published: September 2017

RECQ1 helicase has multiple roles in DNA replication, including restoration of the replication fork and DNA repair, and plays an important role in tumour progression. Its expression is highly elevated in glioblastoma as compared to healthy brain tissue. We studied the effects of small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-induced silencing of RECQ1 helicase on the increase in cell number and the invasion of U87 glioblastoma cells. RECQ1 silencing reduced the rate of increase in the number of U87 cells by 30%. This corresponded with a 40% reduction of the percentage of cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, and an accumulation of cells in the G1 phase. These effects were confirmed in vivo, in the brain of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, by implanting DsRed-labelled RECQ1 helicase-silenced and control U87 cells. The growth of resulting tumours was quantified by monitoring the increase in xenograft fluorescence intensity during a three-day period with fluorescence microscopy. The reduced rate of tumour growth, by approximately 30% in RECQ1 helicase-silenced cells, was in line with in vitro measurements of the increase in cell number upon RECQ1 helicase silencing. However, RECQ1 helicase silencing did not affect invasive behaviour of U87 cells in the zebrafish brain. This is the first in vivo confirmation that RECQ1 helicase is a promising molecular target in the treatment of glioblastoma.
Improving the Mechanical Properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn Alloys by Addition of Titanium
Authors: Zhao Chao , Zhang Weiwen , Wang Zhi , Li Daoxi , Luo Zongqiang , Yang Chao , Zhang Datong
Published: September 2017

The effect of Ti addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloys was investigated. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine grain size and distribution of the second phases in the alloys. The results indicate that the tensile properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloys are improved significantly with Ti addition. Tensile elongation increased from 2.7% for the alloy without Ti to 17.9% for the alloy with 0.3% Ti, while tensile strength was maintained and even increased from 935 MPa to 1024 MPa. The improvement of the mechanical properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloys by the addition of Ti is attributed to the grain refinement and suppression of discontinuous precipitation during heat treatment.
Metabolomics Analysis of Urine Samples from Children after Acetaminophen Overdose
Authors: Schnackenberg Laura , Sun Jinchun , Bhattacharyya Sudeepa , Gill Pritmohinder , James Laura , Beger Richard
Published: September 2017

Acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used over-the-counter analgesic, accounts for approximately fifty percent of the cases of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States due to overdose, with over half of those unintentional. Current clinical approaches for assessing APAP overdose rely on identifying the precise time of overdose and quantitating acetaminophen alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in peripheral blood. Novel specific and sensitive biomarkers may provide additional information regarding patient status post overdose. Previous non-clinical metabolomics studies identified potential urinary biomarkers of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and metabolites involved pathways of tricarboxylic acid cycle, ketone metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. In this study, biomarkers identified in the previous non-clinical study were evaluated in urine samples collected from healthy subjects (N = 6, median age 14.08 years) and overdose patients (N = 13, median age 13.91 years) as part of an IRB-approved multicenter study of APAP toxicity in children. The clinical results identified metabolites from pathways previously noted, and pathway analysis indicated analogous pathways were significantly altered in both the rats and humans after APAP overdose. The results suggest a metabolomics approach may enable the discovery of specific, translational biomarkers of drug-induced hepatotoxicity that may aid in the assessment of patients.