bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EUROPEANIZATION OF GEORGIA: RECEPTION OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC LAW IN GEORGIA
Authors: Kublashvili Paata
Published: April 2024

European integration is a supranational form of cooperation based and developed on the foundation of broad consensus of the states. Europeanization of law with European interpretation is a demonstrative process of convergence of national and supranational legal systems in the space of European integration, which is not only a nebulous political act, but a more binding and legal definition. The Association Agreement (AA) signed between the European Union and Georgia on June 27, 2014, expresses absolute respect for the sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the internationally recognized borders of the Georgia. European association is a foreign and domestic policy priority declared by the Georgian people. The instrument for the implementation of this policy is the association agreement and legal approximation. The opportunity of complex transformation within the framework of the Association Agreement is a great advantage for present and future generations. From the historical perspective, the full and successful implementation of the legal reforms determined by the association agenda is a normative prerequisite for the European Union which provides a unique opportunity for Europeanization of the country. The association agreement envisages the gradual convergence of the national legislation of Georgia with the legal acts of the European Union and international legal regulations. One of the areas of legal approximation is public procurement, which falls under the exclusive jurisdiction of the European Union. The Europeanization of state procurement, as the declared political will of the Georgian state, requires the transposition of European legal experience into national law. In accordance with the association agreement, the public procurement law of Georgia should be adapted to the public procurement law of the European Union (gradual approximation). In order to ensure the fulfillment of the obligations defined by the agreement and the convergence of the state procurement legislation with the EU directives, Georgia adopted the Law of Georgia “On Public Procurement” adjusted to the European public procurement law. With the implementation of the Law of Georgia “On Public Procurement”, the currently valid regulation of the Law of Georgia “On State Procurement” is declared invalid and the European public law is adopted into the national law. Keywords: Association Agreement, Public Procurement, Disputes Centre, Sanctioning of Contractor
First evaluation of the GEMS formaldehyde product against TROPOMI and ground-based column measurements during the in-orbit test period
Authors: Lee Gitaek T. , Park Rokjin J. , Kwon Hyeong-Ahn , Ha Eunjo S. , Lee Sieun D. , Shin Seunga , Ahn Myoung-Hwan , Kang Mina , Choi Yong-Sang , Kim Gyuyeon , Lee Dong-Won , Kim Deok-Rae , Hong Hyunkee , Langerock Bavo , Vigouroux Corinne , Lerot Christophe , Hendrick Francois , Pinardi Gaia , De Smedt Isabelle , Van Roozendael Michel , Wang Pucai , Chong Heesung , Cho Yeseul , Kim Jhoon
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) on board GEO-KOMPSAT-2B was launched in February 2020 and has been monitoring atmospheric chemical compositions over Asia. We present the first evaluation of the operational GEMS formaldehyde (HCHO) vertical column densities (VCDs) during and after the in-orbit test (IOT) period (August–October 2020) by comparing them with the products from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instruments. During the IOT, the GEMS HCHO VCDs reproduced the observed spatial pattern of TROPOMI VCDs over the entire domain (r= 0.62) with high biases (10 %–16 %). We found that the agreement between GEMS and TROPOMI was substantially higher in Northeast Asia (r= 0.90), encompassing the Korean Peninsula and east China. GEMS HCHO VCDs captured the seasonal variation in HCHO, primarily driven by biogenic emissions and photochemical activities, but showed larger variations than those of TROPOMI over coastal regions (Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Shanghai, and Busan). In addition, GEMS HCHO VCDs showed consistent hourly variations with MAX-DOAS (r= 0.77) and FTIR (r= 0.86) but were 30–40 % lower than ground-based observations. Different vertical sensitivities of GEMS and ground-based instruments caused these biases. Utilizing the averaging kernel smoothing method reduces the low biases by approximately 10 % to 15 % (normalized mean bias (NMB): −47.4 % to −31.5 % and −38.6 % to −26.7 % for MAX-DOAS and FTIR, respectively). The remaining discrepancies are due to multiple factors, including spatial collocation and different instrumental sensitivities, requiring further investigation using inter-comparable datasets.
Evaluation of a reduced pressure chemical ion reactor utilizing adduct ionization for the detection of gaseous organic and inorganic species
Authors: Riva Matthieu , Pospisilova Veronika , Frege Carla , Perrier Sebastien , Bansal Priyanka , Jorga Spiro , Sturm Patrick , Thornton Joel , Rohner Urs , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and volatile inorganic compounds (VICs) provide critical information across many scientific fields including atmospheric chemistry, soil, and biological processes. Chemical ionization (CI) mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool for tracking these chemically complex and temporally variable compounds in a variety of laboratory and field environments. It is particularly powerful with time-of-flight mass spectrometers, which can measure hundreds of compounds in a fraction of a second and have enabled entirely new branches of VOC/VIC research in atmospheric and biological chemistry. To accurately describe each step of these chemical, physical, and biological processes, measurements across the entire range of gaseous products is crucial. Recently, chemically comprehensive gas-phase measurements have been performed using many CI mass spectrometers deployed in parallel, each utilizing a different ionization method to cover a broad range of compounds. Here we introduce the recently developed Vocus AIM (Adduct Ionization Mechanism) ion-molecule reactor (IMR), which samples trace vapors in air and ionizes them via chemical ionization at medium pressures. The Vocus AIM supports the use of many different reagent ions of positive and negative polarity and is largely independent of changes in the sample humidity. Within the present study, we present the performance and explore the capabilities of the Vocus AIM using various chemical ionization schemes, including Chloride (Cl–), Bromide (Br–), Iodide (I–), Nitrate (NO3–), Benzene cations (C6H6+), Acetone dimers ((C3H6O)2H+), and Ammonium (NH4+) reagent ions primarily in laboratory and flow tube experiments. We report the technical characteristics, operational principles, and compare its performance in terms of time response, humidity dependence, and sensitivity to that of previous chemical ionization approaches. This work demonstrates the benefits of the Vocus AIM reactor which provides a versatile platform to characterize VOCs and VICs in real time at trace concentrations.
Analysis of rainfed cereal-legume mixture cropping water productivity in Lebna catchment, Cap-Bon, Tunisia
Authors: Mekki Insaf , Zitouna-Chebbi Rim , Benyoussef Salah , Benabdelghaffar Aya , Boukari Mariem , Jacob Frédéric , Albergel Jean
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Under climate change conditions, optimizing water resources management in rainfed agricultural production systems requires the reasonable choice of crops. In this context, the adoption of crops diversification is promoted to increase the agricultural production and the added value per cubic meter of rain water (green water) used by crops. Contributing, therefore, to increase agricultural production and to preserve soil and water resources. The objective of this study is: (i) to identify mixed crops within agricultural fields and, (ii) to evaluate the biomass production and the water productivity in the Lebna watershed (Cap-Bon, Tunisia) using remote sensing and field measurements. The study area, covering 210 km2, is characterized by the predominant of cereals, legumes and fodder cropping systems. The experiments allowed the quantification of crop evapotranspiration and the observed biomass production at the agricultural field plots. The use of the sentinel images and the observations at different agricultural fields allowed to produce NDVI maps. The results first confirmed a good correlation between biomass production and NDVI values. The exponential relationships showed a values of R2 greater than 0.7. The use of sentinel images and GIS allowed to compute water productivity from field to watershed scale.  The results revealed a considerable spatial variation in water productivity values for different crops. Compared to a single crop, the cereal-legume mixture cropping improved the water productivity. The maximum value with 9.07 kg m−3 is observed for the mixture crops. The lowest value (0.12 to 2.40 kg m−3) was obtained for the cereal crop. These results help to recommend adaptation measures in agricultural production systems to climate change.
Application of Geochemical and Isotopic Tools to Investigate Water Recharge and Salinization in a Coastal Phreatic Aquifer Suffering Severe Natural and Anthropogenic Constraints: Case of the Mornag Aquifer, NE Tunisia
Authors: Ben Alaya Mohsen , Taupin Jean-Denis , Msaddek Mohamed Haythem , Ayari Inès , Patris Nicolas , Chaabene Najet , Toumi Baya , Melki Fetheddine
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The determination of the origin of salinity in the superficial aquifer of Mornag (NE Tunisia), and the understanding of its hydrological and geochemical behaviours related to severe natural and anthropogenic constraints, were approached by the combined study of chemical elements and stable isotopes (2H and 18O). This study indicates that: (1) the high salinities of the superficial aquifer of Mornag are mainly explained by the dissolution/precipitation processes of evaporite minerals in the aquifer formation, (2) the present-day recharge during rainwater infiltration brings downward a high content of nitrates and other dissolved salts, (3) infiltration of untreated sewage from the main urban areas contaminates the aquifer, (4) two other sources of dissolved salts in groundwater exist, favoured by the intensive exploitation of the phreatic aquifer. The first one is due to mineralised water infiltration from Meliane Wadi where activities, mainly a cement factory, discharge their wastewater. Intrusion of marine saltwater is the second source of salinity caused by aquifer over-exploitation. This hypothesis is supported by the high chloride concentration (>122 m e.q. L−1), Br/Cl ratios (>1.8 ‰) and the piezometric level lower than sea level. On the other hand, the artificial recharge with low mineralization waters by the Mejerda-Cap Bon Canal and the natural recharge in the valley of wadi El Hma, contribute to a dilution of groundwater. The freshwater/saltwater mixing causes geochemical interactions modifying the water chemistry: cationic exchange, precipitation phenomena. Isotopic tools (2H and 18O) show that the water of this aquifer system has been recently recharged by direct infiltration from the boundary and in the valley of wadis.
Technical, economic and social rehabilitation of old canals to cope with global change: the case of the Neste Canal (France)
Authors: Garin Patrice , Montginoul Marielle , Lepercq Daniel , Chisne Pascal
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Many canals were built during the 19th century to satisfy multiple uses, which have since highly changed, calling into questions about their function. This article assumes that these old hydraulic works can help the territories to adapt, if reforms of their hydraulic, economic and institutional management are carried out at the same time. It illustrates this assumption and its consequences with the Neste Canal (in South France). The evolution of the multiple uses and the decrease in the flows derived over the last 70 years are described conducting to a structural imbalance of its economic model. Its future depends on the political recognition of its contribution to the minimum water flows of the rivers of Gascony, the introduction of a payment for this ecological function, and changes in the hydraulic regulation system to satisfy this last function previously managed as a hydraulic constraint.
Quantifying snow sublimation by Eddy covariance measurements on the High Atlas Mountain of Marrakech at Tazaghart plateau, Morocco
Authors: Hanich Lahoucine , Lahnik Ouiaam , Gascoin Simon , Chakir Adnane , Simonneaux Vincent
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The High Atlas Mountains are a valuable source of water supply to lowland areas, in the Tensift watershed around Marrakech and play an important role in the hydrologic processes and water balance. The solid part of precipitation in these areas is important and forms a seasonal snowpack where water is stored during winter. Therefore, an accurate assessment of sublimation is essential in the overall hydrological cycle. In this context, we estimated the sublimation on the Tazaghart plateau located in the High Atlas of Marrakech, using a dataset measured with the Eddy covariance system (EC) for a period from September 2020 to January 2021. The temporal variation in measured sublimation illustrated a diurnal cycle with a peak in the early afternoon and the highest relative snow sublimation fluxes occurred with subzero temperatures and low atmospheric humidity. The average daily sublimation rate measured was 0.41 mm d−1. Measured sublimation accounted for 42 % and 40 % of snow ablation, based on the energy and water balance respectively. The estimated percentages are comparable, which supports reliable measurements and provides important validation of the Eddy covariance method. This study shows how the Eddy covariance method can be useful for direct measurements of winter water loss due to the sublimation of snowpacks in rather inaccessible regions where measurements are relatively rare.
Multidisciplinary approach to understand the salinization of fractured crystalline aquifers in semi-arid region
Authors: Kreis Marjorie Beate , Taupin Jean-Denis , Patris Nicolas , Lachassagne Patrick , Vergnaud-Ayraud Virginie , Burte Julien Daniel Pierre , Leduc Christian , Martins Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In semi-arid areas, groundwater (GW) represents the most reliable resource for water supply. In the semi-arid region of Ceará (Northeastern Brazil), GW of the crystalline fractured aquifers has a salinity higher than expected in this type of environment. This study implemented a multidisciplinary approach based on hydrodynamic (piezometric) and hydrogeochemical (18O, 2H, 3H, 14C, CFC, SF6, Electrical Conductivity, major ions) data to understand the salinization processes. Results demonstrate that GW is generally recent and recharged by meteoric waters mainly through indirect infiltration from evaporated surface water. The study suggests that GW, originally bicarbonated, becomes progressively enriched in chloride due to the dissolution and leaching of salts, during the wet season, which come from meteoric inputs and have precipitated in the unsaturated zone and pond sediments during dryer periods.
Qualitative flood risk assessment for road and railway infrastructures: the experience of the MOVIDA project
Authors: Petruccelli Natasha , Mantecchini Luca , Gallazzi Alice , Molinari Daniela , Hammouti Mohammed , Zazzeri Marco , Sterlacchini Simone , Ballio Francesco , Brath Armando , Domeneghetti Alessio
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Po River District Authority promoted the MOVIDA project with the aim to define appropriate methodologies for flood risk assessment and being compliant with the European Floods Directive (Directive 2007/60/EC). A dedicated Open Source Geographic Information System (i.e. QGIS geoprocessing modules) has been developed for mapping the expected damages in all areas at significant risk in the Po District (Northern Italy), considering five categories of exposed elements (population, infrastructures, economic activities, environmental and cultural heritage, and na-tech sites). Focusing on road and railway infrastructures, the methodology proposed within the project adopts information coming from different data sources (Regional Geoportals, Open Street Map, etc.) and allows to qualitatively estimate the potential risk associated with a flood event. Different risk classes (High, Medium, Low and Null) are assigned in relation to roads category (i.e., Highways, Main, Secondary, Service, Other) or railways type (High-Speed train or not), thus considering both the relevance of the infrastructure itself (as well as its topographical characteristics: e.g. tunnel, bridge, etc.) and the magnitude of the expected event (i.e., hazard). The definition of the risk matrix led to the estimation of the lengths of the sections exposed to different risk levels, which is useful to support the definition of potential mitigation measures and support the competent bodies in the organization of the rescue.
Evaluation and calibration of alternative methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration in the main hydrosystems of Senegal: Senegal, Gambia and Casamance River Basins
Authors: Bodian Ansoumana , Ndiaye Papa Malick , Diop Serigne Bassirou , Diop Lamine , Dezetter Alain , Ogilvie Andrew , Djaman Koffi
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an essential parameter for hydrological modeling, irrigation planning and for studying the impacts of climate change on water resources. The Penman–Monteith method is recommended for estimating ET0 under all climatic conditions, but its application is limited in regions where data is difficult to access. The alternative is to use methods that incorporate fewer climatic parameters. The objective of this work is to evaluate twenty alternative methods using few climate parameters of estimating ET0 and to calibrate/validate the best ones in order to adapt them to the climatic context of the main hydrosystems of Senegal: Senegal, Gambia and Casamance river basins. The KGE and the PBIAS were used to evaluate the performance of the methods. The results show that after calibration/validation the methods of Trabert, Hargreaves, Hargreaves & Samani, Trajkovic and Oudin are the best on for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration in the Senegal, Gambia and Casamance River Basins.
Exploring ways to improve agricultural water management in two Mediterranean irrigated systems: promises of wireless low-tech sensor networks
Authors: Vandôme Paul , Leauthaud Crystele , Moinard Simon , Mekki Insaf , Zairi Abdelaziz , Charron François , Leconte Julien , Ferchichi Intissar , Ajmi Tarek , Belaud Gilles
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Unsustainable use of water resources and climate change will exacerbate the already existing tensions on resources, especially in the Mediterranean context. Despite investments in modern, economically and energetically costly equipment, the performance of irrigated agriculture remains below expectations, notably because of inappropriate irrigation practices, due to insufficient knowledge of irrigation actual need and limited use of decision support tools. Access to information at an unprecedented level, via easily accessible low-cost and low-tech sensors, may be a major lever for better identifying achievable performance gains, at different spatial and temporal scales, and for guiding stakeholders towards more sustainable practices. To explore this hypothesis, we have worked on the emergence of such technologies within two Mediterranean irrigated systems (Provence, France, and Cap Bon, Tunisia) facing major water use efficiency issues. Interviews were conducted on each site in order to identify main local needs and constraints that limit sustainable water management, and potential levers to improve irrigation performance. Innovative technological systems (water sensors, automation, Internet of Things networks) have been developed in response and tested in field through a participatory approach. The technologies were then designed to be low energy, low-tech and low-cost, based on the hypothesis that the lack of accessibility – investment and maintenance costs, system readability – of existing equipment was a brake to the dissemination of innovations in the agricultural sector. We believe that the adoption of such technologies could contribute to improve irrigated systems sustainability by playing on several dimensions: promote suitable and sparing water use by improving decision-making; help maintain agricultural production by decreasing input costs; improving water users' working conditions. Generally, accompanying the transition towards more sustainable practices, by providing to the stakeholders keys for better understanding of their system. The performance gains achievable with these innovations, heeding their inherent weaknesses (eg. lower robustness and accuracy), and the potential impacts of their adoption at a larger scale remain to be assessed in an integrated way.
Comparison of one-site vs. multi-sites calibration schemes for hydrological modelling of nested catchments in the West African Sahel
Authors: Gbohoui Yetchékpo Patrick , Yonaba Roland , Fowé Tazen , Elégbédé Manou Bernadin , Bacharou Taofic , Hountondji Yvon-Carmen , Amoussou Ernest , Sintondji Luc O. , Paturel Jean-Emmanuel , Karambiri Harouna , Yacouba Hamma
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Runoff simulation in highly anthropized catchments is complex, but essential for water management, especially in poorly gauged and data-scarce hydrosystems of the West African Sahel. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different calibration schemes on runoff simulation. The physically-based and semi-distributed hydrological SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model is used to simulate daily runoff in the Nakanbé catchment at Wayen station in Burkina Faso (in the West African Sahel) over the period 2006–2012. Four (4) hydrometric stations (Dombré, Rambo, Ramsa and Wayen) gauging 4 nested catchments (ranging from 1060 to 21 178 km2 in size) are considered. The added value of the consideration of nested catchments is assessed through the following 3 calibration schemes: one-site (OS) at the entire catchment outlet (Wayen); multi-sites with nested sub-catchments (MS1); and multi-sites without considering nested sub-catchments (MS2). The results indicate that OS and MS2 schemes perform well (KGE > 0.7, |PBIAS|<3 %), with MS2 scheme being superior (KGE, PBIAS). However, the MS1 scheme (KGE = 0.68; PBIAS = −22.9 %) performed worse in comparison to the traditional OS scheme. The comparison of the three modelling schemes provides evidence that accounting for nested sub-catchments does not necessarily improve the quality of rainfall-runoff simulations. Yet, multi-site calibration should be favoured when catchments are not nested.
Continental fishery and risk of contamination of the halieutic ecosystems in the gbaga lagoon channel (Benin-Togo coastal zone)
Authors: Ahéhéhinnou Yêdo Mahougnon Fidèle , Amoussou Ernest , Ahouansou Djidjoho Mathieu Maurice , Kodja Domiho Japhet , Totin Vodounon Sourou Henri
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The coastal zones are areas where a very high number of lagoon-marine species reproduce, grow or transit, which are most often the object of halieutic exploitation. The present study aims to analyze the risk of contamination of fisheries ecosystems and its consequences on the evolution of aquatic resources in the coastal zone, more precisely from southwest Benin to southeast Togo. The methodology adopted is based on the collection and processing of raw data such as: hydrometric data, granulometric data, climatological data, data from fauna and flora inventories, completed by those from in situ measurements and those from laboratory analyses made from sediment samples and some species caught during fishing activities during the different hydrological seasons. The analysis of the results revealed that the pollution of the lagoon channel in Cd, As, Pb and some major ions such as Cl−, NO3- and PO43- are responsible for its eutrophication. Furthermore, organic matter and high concentrations of SS lead to the covering of aquatic environments, particularly spawning grounds and the smothering of eggs through the reduction of essential metabolic exchanges (oxygen and nutrient supply, evacuation of metabolic waste) through the reduction of the concentration of dissolved oxygen within the substrate. Trace element analysis in the flesh of Captain (Polydactylus quadrifilis), white grouper (Epinephelus aeneus), tilefish (Tilapia zillii), and white catfish samples revealed their trace element contamination levels. Behavioral effects (abandonment of shelter areas and avoidance reaction); sublethal effects (short-term reduction in feeding rate; minor physiological stress; increase in coughing frequency; increase in the breathing rhythm; moderate physiological stress; major; delayed hatching; reduced number of fish; mortality) were recorded. According to 89 % of the fishermen, the decrease of the fished fish species is registered during the dry periods, when the channel has a high level of contaminating heavy metals and major ions.
Dual-Stage Attention-Based LSTM Network for Multiple Time Steps Flood Forecasting
Authors: Wang Fan , Wang Weiqi , Bi Wuxia , Lin Wenqing , Zhang Dawei
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Flood forecasting plays a crucial role in supporting decision-making for flood management. In addition to conceptual and physical-based models, the data-driven models have garnered increasing attention in recent years. The proposed model in this study employs LSTM networks, Encoder-Decoder framework, as well as feedback and attention mechanism to effectively utilize diverse observed data and future rainfall as inputs for multiple time steps flood forecasting. The accuracy and reliability of the model have been validated across case studies in multiple watersheds in China. The results demonstrate the high performance of the LSTM-based flood forecasting model. Meanwhile, the efficacy of both the feedback mechanism and attention mechanism has been validated in the domain of flood prediction.
Methods to create hazard maps for flood disasters with sediment and driftwood
Authors: Harada Daisuke , Egashira Shinji
Published: April 2024

Abstract. As flood disasters with sediment and driftwood are becoming severe, it is required to evaluate the risk of such disasters. The present study proposes methods to create hazard maps for such type of flood disasters using a watershed model and a 2-D flood flow model, and applied the methods to the Akatani river flood disaster in 2017 to discuss their applicability and challenges. The upstream boundary conditions of 2-D flood flow model are specified for the hydrographs of flow discharge, sediment discharge and driftwood discharge by using the results obtained from their basin model. As a result of the Akatani river simulation with the proposed methods, we found that the computational results reproduce the inundation area and elevation change, and the proposed methods are effective in creating flood hazard maps with sediment and driftwood.
An approach to assess sediment disaster risk using soil moisture deficit: A case study about sediment disasters occurred during 2010–2011 in Niigata prefecture, Japan
Authors: Lu Minjiao , Ogura Takahiro , Zin Thandar Tun , Oka Shigeaki , Onitsuka Shun-ichi , Kawamura Naoaki , Yamamoto Takahiro , Komiyama Koichi
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Most sediment disasters are caused by surface failures, mostly induced by rainfall, and many of them cause extensive damages. Assessment of the risk of such disasters is crucial for the safety and security of society. This is becoming increasingly important in the era of global warming when torrential rains and localized heavy rains are on the increase. Instead of the index such as accumulated rainfall amount, we attempted to make a risk assessment using the soil moisture deficit, i.e., the remained capacity of the soil column to accept rainwater. First, a numerical model was developed to calculate soil moisture deficit in any or all tertiary meshes with existing routine data. The model was then applied to 446 tertiary meshes in Niigata Prefecture within which failures occurred during a period from 2010 to 2011. The model showed that the soil moisture deficit near the failure occurrence became smaller, i.e., the soil column was closer to complete saturation. This suggests that soil moisture deficit could be a good indicator of the risk. Furthermore, a probability distribution model was constructed from the minimum soil moisture deficit data near the failure occurrence. With this probability model, the threshold of soil moisture deficit to put an area on alert, corresponding to the disaster coverage ratio, can be easily calculated. The possibility of early warning is also demonstrated by combining the soil moisture deficit at a certain time with a short-time rainfall forecast for several hours in the future.
Satellite and UAV derived seasonal vegetative roughness estimation for flood analysis
Authors: Fortes Andre Araujo , Hashimoto Masakazu , Udo Keiko , Ichikawa Ken
Published: April 2024

Abstract. One of the purposes of river management is the disaster protection of the nearby population. The effect of riparian vegetation on hydraulic resistance and conveyance capacity makes it a vital parameter for this purpose. With remote sensing techniques, vegetation information can be estimated. This paper's objective is to combine UAV and satellite imagery to obtain vegetation parameters with moderate resolution for hydraulic modeling, and to assess the seasonal effect of the vegetation on the Manning coefficient. Typhoon Hagibis was simulated with a 2D hydraulic model with a dynamic vegetative roughness estimation routine. Results demonstrate that this method achieved less error than the traditional static roughness value method of hydraulic modeling. The seasonal effect of the vegetation on the roughness was shown by a relationship between the percentage of vegetation cover and the average Manning in the stretch.
Necessary storage for managing early flash flood to save crops in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Masood Muhammad , Rasmy Abdul Wahid Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Flash floods result from the abundant precipitation occurring in the Meghna basin, leading to significant losses of agriculture (specially Boro rice, the only crop of the farmers) in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh. Present practice to save the crop is compartmentalization of depressed area by submersible embankment. After harvesting, water is allowed to enter for fish cultivation with having objective to maintain biodiversity of that area. However, the crop is frequently damaged due to early flash flood before harvesting. Allocating necessary storage to provide spaces for excess water can save the crop. The present study calculates the necessary storage with a new method: Flood duration curve (FDC) to ameliorate floods and estimates water storage capacity of 6 compartments (locally termed as “Haor”) by using satellite-based citizen science haor volume estimation technique. According to the capacity it is observed that early flash flood can be managed by sacrificing crops of one or two haors.
Temporal and spatial distributions of flood water storage volume of the main river and tributaries in the Ishikari River basin
Authors: Fukuoka Shoji , Ishii Yutaro
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In recent years, Japan experienced frequent and intense heavy rainfalls, resulting in serious flood disasters in many areas. It is also necessary to control floods in tributaries and basins of these tributaries in addition to flood control of the main river. This will be accomplished by understanding flood formation process in the basins of tributaries as well as the main river. Integrated flood flow analysis for the main river and tributaries was conducted by the use of observed temporal changes in the water surface profiles of the 2016 flood in the Ishikari River, Hokkaido, Japan. Temporal and spatial water storage volume distributions in the Chitose River and Ishikari River basins give a new graphical representative method to visualize that when, where, how much volume of rainfall are stored in each basin, and make it possible to verify effects of flood control measures.
INTRADIALYTIC EXERCISE ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSA
Authors: Hapipah  , Istianah Istianah , Cahyati Nurul
Published: April 2024

Chronic kidney failure is a disorder in which the kidneys are unable to filter blood. Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney failure have two options for overcoming the problem: hemodialysis or kidney transplantation in the aim of maintaining their life. The 5-hour hemodialysis process often involves physical stress, resulting in blood pressure fluctuations. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of intradialytic exercise on blood pressure in chronic kidney failure patients receiving hemodialysis at Mataram City Regional General Hospital. In this study, 18 persons were sampled using the purposive sampling technique. This is a pre-experimental quantitative study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The Paired T-test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were employed in this study. Bivariate analysis indicates that intradialytic exercise has an effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in chronic kidney failure patients receiving hemodialysis at Mataram City Regional General Hospital, with p values of 0.001 (<0.05) for systole and 0.004 (<0.05) for diastole. The findings of this study indicate that intradialytic exercise is an alternative nursing intervention for overcoming blood pressure fluctuations in patients with chronic kidney failure following hemodialysis therapy.
RESPON KECEMASAN PADA LANSIA YANG DIBERIKAN TERAPI RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM
Authors: Widiani Esti , Khorida Alvima Maul Jannah  , Dyah Widodo
Published: April 2024

Lansia merupakan seseorang yang telah memasuki masa pensiun atau berusia 60 tahun dan ditandai dengan masa kemunduran sel-sel tubuh meliputi gerakan serta ingatan yang dapat membuat seorang lansia sering merasa kecemasan atau ansietas akan kehidupan yang akan di lalui selanjutnya. Salah satu cara agar kecemasan menurun atau hilang yaitu dengan melakukan terapi relaksasi nafas dalam karena dianggap efektif dan mudah.  Relaksasi nafas dalam dilakukan dengan teknik menarik nafas dalam kurang lebih 5 detik lalu hembuskan secara perlahan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran respon kecemasan pada lansia yang diberikan terapi relaksasi nafas dalam. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan 2 subjek lansia. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar wawancara, lembar observasi, dan lembar kuisioner Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek yang diberi intervensi terapi relaksasi nafas dalam selama 2 minggu dengan 6 kali pertemuan mengalami penurunan kecemasan dari kecemasan sedang menjadi kecemasan ringan, untuk subjek 1 dengan skor kecemasan sedang 41 mengalami penurunan menjadi kecemasan ringan dengan skor 24 sedangkan subjek 2 mengalami kecemasan sedang dengan skor 43 mengalami penurunan menjadi kecemasan ringan dengan skor 27. Diharapkan apa yang telah diajarkan (relaksasi nafas dalam) dapat dilakukan secara rutin untuk menjaga tingkat kecemasan sehingga dapat mengelola cemas secara mandiri.
MADU MANUKA SEBAGAI TERAPI PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PADA PASIEN ULKUS DIABETIK : LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Eka Sakti , Rizkiyani Anggun Dwi , Handayani Estrin
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Diabetic ulcers are chronic wounds that are difficult to heal due to neurological disorders (neuropathy) and vascular disorders in the legs, causing tissue damage. One way to treat Diabetic Ulcers is by treating wounds using manuka honey. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of giving manuka honey to Diabetic Ulcer patients by literature review. Method: This research is a literature search study using the electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The keywords used in the search were Manuka Honey AND Wound Healing AND Diabetic Ulcers. The inclusion criteria used in the article are accessible, full-text manuscript, in English, free, and journal year used is limited to the last 10 years. Results: The results of the literature study found 6 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria which discussed the use of manuka honey for wound healing in Diabetic Ulcer patients. 6 articles reported that honey shortened the length of wound healing time, increased the rate of bacterial clearance, eradicated infection, accelerated granulation growth, reduced hospitalization time, facilitated debridement, accelerated epithelialization growth and maintained moisture in the wound. Conclusion: 6 articles stated that giving manuka honey was effective in healing wounds in Diabetic Ulcer patients.
THE EFFECT OF PENDEKAR AUDIOVISUAL EDUCATION ON RISK LIFESTYLE OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Ladesvita Fiora , Santi Herlina  , Rio Wirawan
Published: April 2024

Background: Breast cancer ranks first in terms of the highest number of cancers in Indonesia and is one of the first contributors to death due to cancer. Globocan data for 2020, the number of new cases of breast cancer reached 68,858 cases (16.6%) out of a total of 396,914 new cases of cancer in Indonesia. One effort that can be made to prevent breast cancer is through health education in audio-visual-based digital form which has been proven to increase the knowledge of vulnerable community groups. Objective: The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of PENDEKAR education on the lifestyle of groups at risk of breast cancer. Method: This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design using a non-control group pre-posttest approach. The population in this study were all women in the Limo Health Center working area. The sampling technique in this research was purposive sampling, with inclusion criteria, female gender, over 18 years old, able to read and write, and willing to be a respondent. The sample calculation was carried out using the Lemeshow proportion estimation formula and a total sample of 54 respondents was obtained. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire. Univariate analysis techniques and bivariate analysis with dependent t test. Results: The research results showed that the mean risky lifestyle before the intervention was 22.59 (SD = 4.007) and after the intervention was given, the mean risky lifestyle was 20.76 (SD = 3.791). From the results of statistical tests, it can be concluded that there is a difference between lifestyle patterns before and after being given the PENDEKAR educational intervention (p value = 0.001; α 0.05).
KETERPAPARAN DAN SUMBER INFORMASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA (SKAP NTB 2019)
Authors: Nurmayani M Winda , Ilham Ilham , Mulianingsih Misroh , Handayani Baiq
Published: April 2024

Masa remaja sebagai masa peralihan biasanya memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi, termasuk yang berkaitan dengan seks. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018 Sekitar 1 juta remaja laki- laki (5%) dan 200.000 remaja perempuan (1%) secara terbuka menyatakan pernah berhubungan seksual. Perilaku seksual remaja tidak lepas dari pengaruh negatif teknologi informasi yang bisa di akses secara terbuka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan keterpaparan informasi dan sumber informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi terhadap perilaku seksual remaja pranikah di NTB. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Restropektif Correlation, dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional, penelitian ini merupakan analisis Data sekunder  SKAP 2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 982, teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji statistik Spearman Rho didapatkan p-value > 0,05. Kesimpulannya dari penelitian ini adalah tidak berhubungan keterpaparan informasi dan sumber informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah di NTB. Rekomendasi : diperlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan metoda kualitatif untuk menggali lebih dalam alasan remaja melakukan perilaku seksual pra nikah.
Perbedaan Self-Efficacy Menyusui Ibu Hamil dengan Pengalaman Mendapatkan Edukasi dan Tidak
Authors: Nova Fajri  , Nurul Khadijah Kamal  , Tutia Rahmi  , Dini Mulyati
Published: April 2024

Breastfeeding Self-efficacy merupakan prediktor pemberian ASI eksklusif. Rendahnya self-efficacy menyusui akan sangat berpengaruh pada angka pemberian ASI. Pemberian ASI yang tidak Eksklusif dapat berdampak pada tidak optimalnya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi, rendahnya imunitas, dapat lebih mudah terjangkit berbagai penyakit infeksi yang berlanjut pada kematian. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran self-efficacy menyusui pada ibu hamil dengan pengalaman mendapatkan edukasi dan tidak di Kota Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Adapun alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSES) yang diisi dengan metode self-report. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dengan penyajian data dalam distribusi frekuensi. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa self-efficacy menyusui pada ibu hamil di Kota Banda Aceh yang pernah mendapatkan edukasi berada pada kategori tinggi dibandingkan dengan self-efficacy pada ibu hamil yang belum pernah mendapatkan edukasi terkait ASI Eksklusif. Maka berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan diharapkan kepada petugas kesehatan/bidan desa agar dapat mengadakan edukasi rutin terkait manajemen menyusui kepada pasangan suami-istri sejak sebelum kehamilan dan dilakukan lebih rutin selama masa kehamilan.
SCREENING FOR DROUGHT RESISTANCE IN SPRING SOFT WHEAT FROM VARIOUS GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGINS BY SEED GERMINATION IN SUCROSE SOLUTIONS WITH DIFFERENT OSMOTIC PRESSURE AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR ADAPTABILITY TO THE ACUTELY DRY CONDITIONS OF WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Baishev University, Aktobe city, Kazakhstan, Kalybekova Zh.T. , Adrian Goodman ,   University of Lincoln, Lincoln city, Lincolnshire, Great Britain, Zuev E.V. ,   Federal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov, St. Petersburg city, Russia, Tsygankov V.I. ,   "Aktobe Agricultural Experimental Station" LLP Aktobe, Aktobe city, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2024

This article reports the results of laboratory studies on the germination of seeds of varieties and samples of spring soft wheat of various geographical origins in sucrose solutions with different osmotic pressure. We used 175 samples and varieties of spring soft wheat from the collection of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov (St. Petersburg, Russia) and selection from the Aktobe Agricultural Experimental Station. Seeds of 112 varieties and samples were germinated in sucrose solutions at both 16 atm and 18 atm and were characterized for drought resistance. There were 6 “weakly resistant” varieties, where the proportion of sprouted seeds ranged from 20 to 38%; 3 “medium-resistant” varieties – where 50 to 59% of seeds sprouted; 15 samples with above-average resistance – where the proportion of germinated seeds ranged from 60 to 80% and 88 “highly resistant” samples where 81 to 100% of seeds sprouted in sucrose. Data from laboratory experiments are also confirmed by field observations and assessments from 2017 to 2019. 2019 was characterized by severe combined drought. During this period, the varieties allocated to the “highly resistant” group were characterized by a short growing season, long ear length and high values for the number of grains, number of spikelets, weight of 1000 grains and yield (in g/m2). The listed “highly resistant” varieties can be recommended as promising sources of adaptability and drought resistance for the purposes of breeding spring soft wheat in Western Kazakhstan.
STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL INDICATORS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF TOMATO POMACE FOR ENRICHMENT OF MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors:   NAO ", Islamova G. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University”, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Utebaeva A. ,   NAO "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University”, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Shingisov A. ,   NAO "M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University”, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2024

The combination of raw materials from meat products and vegetables is becoming one of the modern trends in meat industry technology in order to develop functional products. Using the example of meat products, developers in the food industry have decided that it is advisable to develop functional products by replacing meat and other raw materials with vegetable raw materials. Vegetables and their secondary products containing valuable bioactive components belong to the latter. For example, for the preparation of functional products with increased nutritional value, secondary tomato pomace can be used after drying and grinding, since they contain bioactive components. After a series of experiments on the dependence of physico-chemical characteristics on the drying temperature, the optimal drying temperature of tomato pomace was set at 400C. Water content - (5.1%), active and titrated acidity - (4.43 and 6.5%, respectively), AW -(0.44), ability to absorb water - (2.40), sugar content - (56.2), dietary fiber - (16.6), as well as according to the assessment by the organs of touch in dried samples at 400 C was the best. In conclusion, what is worth mentioned that Kazakhstan does not provide for deep waste-free processing of plant raw materials and their waste, and therefore practically valuable ingredients of fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, are not used. Obtaining methods for processing waste fruits and vegetables, including tomato pomace, should give a new impetus to the progress of science and trending technologies in the food and processing industries of the country.
Evaluation of pulmonary imaging data by radiography in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Cotoman Aliona , Selevestru Rodica , Sciuca Svetlana
Published: April 2024

Introduction. According to specialized literature, X-rays are also used in the diagnosis and suspicion of chronic bronchopulmonary disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), in premature children. Material and methods. The study included 105 premature babies who were divided into the study group – premature babies with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and the control group – premature babies without BPD. Data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel, MedCalc, SPSS and Contingency Table Analysis as a method of evaluating the performance of a diagnostic test. Results. Radiological changes of discoidal atelectasis type in subjects with BPD were detected in 49.1% in the basic group versus 13.5% in the control group (χ2 = 15.431; p < 0.0001), subsegmental ones 47.2% vs 25.0% (χ2 = 5.586; p = 0.018); pulmonary emphysema areas 62.3% vs 5.8% (χ2 = 37.182; p < 0.0001), opaque fibrosis sectors 50.9% vs 11.5% (χ2 = 18.911; p < 0.0001); signs of pulmonary hypertransparency 47.2% vs 1.9% (χ2 = 28.843; p < 0.0001); microcystic formations 41.5% vs 5.8% (χ2 = 18.482; p < 0.0001). Depending on the severity degrees of BPD, changes such as discoidal atelectasis were noted, in those with mild grade – 50% medium grade – 38.5%, severe grade – 56.3% (χ2 = 16.502; p < 0.001), subsegmental atelectasis 41.7%, vs 38.5% (χ2 = 7.956; p = 0.047), pulmonary emphysema areas 58.3%, vs 38.5%, vs 87.5% (χ2 = 45.138; p < 0.0001); microcystic formations, 33.3%, vs 53.8%, vs 43.8% (χ2 = 20.502; p < 0.0001). Conclusions. The changes recorded on radiological examination in mild, moderate, and severe cases of BPD in premature babies are of the type discoidal atelectasis, areas of emphysema, opaque sectors of fibrosis, pulmonary hypertransparency, microcystic formations.