bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude and practices survey on traditional systems of medicine among the university students
Authors: Sukanya K. , Sukeerthi T. , Sujatha D. , Kalpana S.
Published: October 2022

India is rich with many traditional systems of medicine and Ayurveda is most commonly practiced among them. There are very few studies showing the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of general population about traditional medicine and its use. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to assess Knowledge, Attitude, practices of university students with different educational background towards traditional systems of medicine. A cross sectional online survey was carried out in Sri Padmavati Mahila Visva vidyalayam, Tirupati using self-designed, structured questionnaire on 188 university students. The study sample was heterogeneous as regards to the educational qualification. The survey was conducted online using the Google forms. All the data was analyzed and given as descriptive statistics followed by statistical comparisons using the software SPSS 20.0. (Statistical package for Social Sciences) All the participants in the study were female students with an average age group of 19 -24 years.  Among the respondents, 55 (29.2%) pharmacy and 14 (7.4%) non pharmacy students had good knowledge, whereas 33(17.5%) pharmacy and 15 (7.9%) non pharmacy students had good attitude score towards utilization of traditional systems of medicine. Self-medication was also noted among 103 (54.7%) students among the whole respondents, which was alarming. T
Identifying airline passengers satisfaction and ground airport services perception of kolkata airport during COVID19- ASQ (Airport Service Quality) perspective
Authors: Das Arijit , Choudhury Pooja
Published: October 2022

Background: The research on the airlines' ground services in airports is central to the business environment, impacting the departure and arrival functions, while COVID-19 has adversely affected service capabilities, impacting passenger safety and satisfaction. Aims: The aim is to find the factors influencing airport services during COVID-19 from the passenger perspective using the Airport Service Quality (ASQ) framework.Methods- ASQ (Airport service quality) scale was used with 39 items for a sample of 200, tested in SPSS for reliability and validity, and underwent factor analysis. Results-Airport management of Kolkata has emphasize the role of leadership management to focus on the airport ground services, with a new set of service protocols by WHO adapted to Kolkata ground services. Moderately satisfactory COVID-19 arrangements with, hand washing provision, facilities for immediate quarantine facility, disposal procedure, and way finding within Kolkata airport also have passengers who do not exhibit social conformance behaviour towards social distancing. Conclusion- Airport leadership management in airport ground services has accommodated the new COVID19 service that needs to match passenger behaviour aberrations to eliminate issues of contamination. Visual signage and way-finding guide passengers' well-being and satisfaction, while passengers must  in the face of increased service time when following COVID19 service protocols.
Study of aldosterone and malondialdehyde in obesity related hypertension without A diagnosis of chronic disease
Authors: Alwaan Ahlam A. , Albyati Mohammed A. , Shaker Mahmoud K.
Published: October 2022

Obese subjects often have hypertension and  related cardiovascular and renal diseases. In obese subjects impaired renal-pressure natriuresis causes sodium retention, leading to the development of salt sensitive hypertension. Obesity is due to fluid retention and high fat in cells, so fat cells will active any factors to stimulate the secretion of aldosterone, and there will be salt sensitivity to blood pressure only. But it is not necessarily linked to cardiovascular and renal disease.  The oxidative stress which rises with the presence of heart and kidney diseases associated with high blood pressure, so there will be increase in oxidative stress because people do not suffer from chronic diseases and obesity is considered fluid retention and fat accumulation in the body.
Quarterly return monthly payment (QRMP) scheme under goods and service tax: Analysis and discussion
Authors: Shukla Apurva , Tripathi Ravindra , Tripathi Mano Ashish
Published: October 2022

GST was implemented by Government of India as one indirect tax for whole nation as single tax on the supply of goods and services and was considered as biggest indirect tax reform of Independent India. The main purpose of implementation of GST in India was to replace multiple taxes with uniform tax on supplies and to remove the cascading effect. In order to remove the loopholes and to make the system more efficient and user friendly, the Government of India is continuously hustling to improve Goods and Service Tax Network (GSTN) and updates are being made to the system, provisions and various returns on the portal accordingly from time to time. This new scheme named Quarterly Return Monthly Payment (QRMP) is also the part of said exercise of simplification of process by GOI, introduced w.e.f. 1st January, 2021, in order to lessen the tax compliance burden and to ease the process of filing returns to MSME taxpayers under GST. QRMP Scheme can be availed by eligible registered persons to file their GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B quarterly and pay taxes on monthly basis.
Shade evaluation for clinical color change of discolored teeth treated by bleaching vs laminate veneers (Randomized Clinical Trial)
Authors: Sharif Hazim Abdalla , Hamdy Iman Salah El Din , El Mahallaw Omaima Salah El Dein
Published: October 2022

Aim: Clinical evaluation for color change of discolored teeth treated by bleaching vs laminate veneers. Methodology: Patient with discolored anterior teeth were divided into two groups. Group1: treated by laminate veneers restoration (monolithic IPS e.max), while Group 2: treated by bleaching (hydrogen peroxide) in the same patient. Anterior teeth of one arch were prepared with butt joint design to receive  laminate veneer restorations which constructed from IPS e.max and cemented by self-adhesive resin cement, while anterior teeth of the other arch was treated by 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent material. Using spectrophotometer (Easy Shade)  and digital photography with Photoshop software ,the color change (ΔE) and color stability assessment were carried out and repeated four times (after one week, four weeks, two months and three months) respectively, The results were calculated and analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Results: Result obtained by spectrophotometer revealed that the first color change shown was after three months follow up , where, higher statistically significant difference in  (ΔE) were displayed from data obtained from bleaching teeth . While first color change (ΔE) with higher statistically significant difference displayed from data obtained by digital photography was after 4 weeks follow up of bleaching teeth also.
Peasants' attitudes towards the performance of the ministry of water resources for the water crisis in Iraq
Authors: Hannoun Ahmed Hussein
Published: October 2022

So This research aimsaget to knowPeasants' attitudes towards the performance of the Ministry of Water Resources for the water crisis in Iraq.In order to achieve the objectives of the study LostaThe researcher will use the survey methodIn recording, analyzing and interpreting the phenomenon,Being the appropriate method for thise studyusingwith study toolsby resolutionThe scale is doubled together in order to communicate with the farmers’ attitudes towards the performance of the Ministry of Water Resources regarding the water crisis in Iraq andTo achieve the method ofstudyThe researcher designed the questionnaire mIBased on what is stated in the theoretical framework of thestudyThe questionnaire included threeeAxes They are: (Personal data axis, axisGeneral information about farmers, AxisThe main talk about solutions, alternatives, methods of communication, the effects of the crisis and obstacles facing the water crisis, and the work of the Ministry of Water Resources and Peasants)The researcher also used another tool for the study, which is the interview tool that the researcher conducted with officials of the Ministry of Water Resources and officials of media and government communication in the ministry in order to obtain information and know the causes of the water crisis, its effects, ways to solve it.
Cellular technologies in the treatment of scalded patients
Authors: Olegovich Ten Dmitriy
Published: October 2022

Over the past decades, new methods of treating burn wounds based on biotechnology have appeared. The review presents the main materials for the treatment of burns, which were created using tissue engineering - biological wound dressings and skin substitutes.
The life and political authority features of the Andalusian Imam Al-Tartushi in Siraj Al-Muluk (d. 520 AH / 1126 AD)
Authors: Habarneh Nadia Karim Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Political thought in Islamic history is of great importance, as this thought helps to identify the morals and qualities that kings or sultans must possess, and also helps in studying issues related to political authority and the role of jurists in issuing fatwas on these issues, and their advice to rulers and sultans of the same era whom they served. The importance of the study is highlighted by the fact that it examines the political thought and political authority of one of the leading scholars of the Maliki school of thought. He is Imam Al-Tartushi, may God have mercy on him. This study aims to study the book (Siraj Al-Muluk) as a model that represents the thought of Al-Turtushi, this book was considered a reference for every ruler and judge.
On editor decisions: A framework of best practice
Authors: Crawford Joseph
Published: October 2022

This Editorial calls for change in the practices of editing in response to a culture of mental ill health in higher education publishing. Through extended review of current practices, this Editorial offers practical opportunities to improve the quality of editors' decision-making processes. This includes a focus on publishing clear and formative editorial positions, a broader acceptance of university style guides and referencing, desk rejection that is timely and supportive, peer review with improved integrity, a more genuine revise and resubmit process, and fostering quality post-acceptance engagement. The significance of this Editorial is in the potential to lead reform in the journal publishing industry to be more supportive and kind while maintaining quality and rigorous production of knowledge.
Towards improving peer review: Crowd-sourced insights from Twitter
Authors: Allen Kelly-Ann , Reardon Jonathan , Lu Yumin , Smith David , Rainsford Emily , Walsh Lucas
Published: October 2022

Peer review is an essential part of academic publishing, yet many authors, reviewers, and editors have reportedly encountered problems with the review process. Some scholars view peer-review as a necessary process for the advancement of science, while other scholars argue that for many publishers and journals, both authors and reviewers are being exploited. The aim of this commentary is two-fold. First, to provide a narrative review of current perspectives and available research on the peer-review process to date, and second, to summarise potential solutions elicited from scholars on Twitter. A review of the literature identified several problems with peer-review including publication delays, an over reliance on a narrow pool of reviewers, threats to anonymity, perceived exploitation, as well as overworked editors. Recommendations to redress these issues that emerged from scholars on Twitter suggested publishers, journals, their editors and associate editors, universities, individual academics and their communities all have a role to play towards creating an equitable and fair system. This commentary aims to ignite conversations about improving the peer-review process.
Music performance anxiety and higher education teaching: A systematic literature review
Authors: Blair Erik , Van der Sluis Hendrik
Published: October 2022

This systematic review includes a search of the literature covering the period 2005-2021 to understand what preventative teaching approaches and interventions have been developed in higher education to reduce music performance anxiety (MPA). The focus here is on identifying interventions that are applicable to higher education teaching practice, in an attempt to support music educators to reduce the negative effects of MPA, and, by so doing, support better learning outcomes. A systematic review of the literature on MPA (2005-2021) was undertaken to explore the teaching strategies that are used to help students in higher education. The researchers performed independent assessments of the literature based on the inclusion criteria. Discrepancies between the two reviewers were resolved through discussion. Each of the articles that met the research conditions was classified using four treatment modalities: cognitive interventions, behavioural interventions, pharmacological treatment and complementary. The initial scoping resulted in a total of 116 research articles. This was reduced to 18 articles that fully met the inclusion criteria. There is a wealth of literature exploring MPA; however, very few teaching approaches or interventions have been found that can easily be embedded in music education. The findings indicate that interventions deriving from promising reactive treatment have been developed, but that these are rarely generalisable to typical teaching practice.
Is blended learning the future of education? Students perspective using discrete choice experiment analysis
Authors: Ahmed Adib , Amin Sakib , McCarthy Grace , Khan Abdul , Nepal Rabindra
Published: October 2022

This is the first study to use discrete choice experiment in exploring the stated choice preference of blended learning preference among the university students in the context of Bangladesh. As a pre-requisite in developing student engagement learning strategies, we investigate the choice preference of university students towards different types of blended learning to explore relevant concerns and challenges in order to plan for successful implementation of this option. Around 306 responses from the students belonging to Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP) and North South University (NSU) are considered representing both public and private universities in Bangladesh. Conditional logit model is used to explore the choice preference of the respondents based on the attributes. We find that university students explicitly dislike recorded videos as the primary mode of instruction as there is minimum human interaction using this method. Students with mobile internet also prefer offline classes to online classes, whereas students with broadband internet prefer the opposite choices. The policy implications of these findings hold global relevance in devising student engagement strategies towards blended learning such as for other developing economies in South Asia which were forced to transition to online learning as an adaptation response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The impact of virtual tools on EFL learners’ performance in Grammar at the times of COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Elbashir Rasha , Hamza Sabah
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of virtual tools on EFL learners’ performance in grammar courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This experimental study compared a group of students who took a grammar course remotely via the Blackboard platform during the COVID-19 pandemic to a control group who took the same course in person prior to the pandemic. Each group of participants (n = 30) was given the same test. The grades of the two groups were then analysed using the SPSS programme. The results demonstrate that the experimental group test grades were higher than those of the control group grades. suggesting that teaching grammar remotely has a positive influence on EFL learners' performance, as compared to face-to-face instruction, which has been proven to have a lesser impact. As a result, the researchers would promote a hybrid of virtual and face-to-face teaching. As a result, the researchers would promote a hybrid of virtual and face-to-face teaching. More studies on the causes of lower grades in face-to-face classes, as well as suggestions for strategies to improve learners' performance in all aspects of the English language, not just grammar, are requested. Furthermore, each country has its own educational policy, so different results may arise in different contexts. Educators and policymakers may use this study as a reference for the effectiveness of virtual vs. face-to-face instruction, opening the doors for future research on similar topics within the same theme
The role of technological knowledge in the pedagogical integration of film in disciplinary teaching at universities
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc , Guerin Cally , Barbieri Walter , Palmer Edward , Pugsley Peter
Published: October 2022

Many university lecturers have integrated feature films and television series (FF/TV) into their lessons to improve student engagement. Although film in teaching might seem like a well-established practice, it is reliant on a range of fast-changing technologies to effectively integrate FF/TV into instruction, learning activities and assessments. This study utilises the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) model to analyse survey and interview data regarding (1) lecturers’ familiarity with a range of concepts and skills related to film production, delivery and integration technologies; (2) their methods of learning about technologies that help optimise their FF/TV use; and (3) their institution’s provision and support in implementing various technologies integral to teaching with FF/TV. A modified framework is proposed to add to the pedagogical benefits of effective teaching with FF/TV at universities.
Assessment of multiple choice question exams quality using graphical methods
Authors: Yousuf Mustafa , Miles Katherine , Harvey Heather , Al-Tamimi Mohammad , Badran Darwish
Published: October 2022

Exams should be valid, reliable, and discriminative. Multiple informative methods are used for exam analysis. Displaying analysis results numerically, however, may not be easily comprehended. Using graphical analysis tools could be better for the perception of analysis results. Two such methods were employed: standardized x-bar control charts with standard error of measurement as control limits and receiver operator characteristic curves. Exams of two medical classes were analyzed. For each exam, the mean, standard deviation, reliability, and standard error of measurement were calculated. The means were standardized and plotted against the reference lines of the control chart. The means were chosen as cut-off points to calculate sensitivity and specificity. The receiver operator characteristic curve was plotted and area under the curve determined. Standardized control charts allowed clear, simultaneous comparison of multiple exams. Calculating the control limits from the standard error of measurement created acceptable limits of variability in which the standard deviation and reliability were incorporated. The receiver operator characteristic curve graphically showed the discriminative power of the exam. Observations made with the graphical and classical methods were consistent. Using graphical methods to analyse exams could make their interpretation more accessible and the identification of exams that required further investigation easier.
Flipped classrooms: Designed and implemented with colleagues collaboration
Authors: Erol Tugce , Celik Suat
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the results of the flipped classroom model, which was prepared and applied in collaboration with colleagues, on the academic success on stereochemistry one of the topic the organic chemistry course of pre-service chemistry teachers, the views of the pre-service chemistry teachers about the flipped classroom model and the views of the collaborating faculty member about the practice. The study was designed and carried out according to the participatory action research method. Seventeen pre-service chemistry teachers participated in the study. In the study, short videos were shot in which the instructor of the course explained the lessons and the researcher provided pedagogical and technical support in order to carry out the stereochemistry lesson with the flipped classroom model. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The quantitative, which was collected with data the achievement test, was analyzed with the non-parametric Wilcoxon Test. The qualitative data were analyzed with the content analysis method. Quantitative results showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test achievement scores in favor of the post-test. As a result of the qualitative content analysis, it was determined that the pre-service teachers had positive views toward flipped classroom such as support learning, solving plenty of questions, watching the videos as often as desired, and being prepared for the lesson. The instructor who conducted the course also stated that he had positive thoughts about using the same method in his lessons and sharing the course material on online platforms.
Exploring academic procrastination: Perceptions, self-regulation, and consequences
Authors: Shaked Lea , Altarac Haia
Published: October 2022

This qualitative study examines academic procrastination among Israeli Master of Education students writing their theses. The majority of the the participants (80% of the 145) reported behaving differently on this task than on other assignments. One of the primary factors influencing procrastination derives from the complexity of the assignment. Considering the research literature describes tight relationships between academic procrastination and academic achievement, one surprising finding concerns the fact that respondents saw no relationship between their procrastination and their final grade. A gap was found between students’ self-perception and their actual performance. Approximately 75% of the students perceive themselves as academic procrastinators, but in actuality nearly half of them completed the assignment on time. The starting date was found to be significant. Students who immediately began work upon receiving the assignment strongly tended to submit it on time. Students who did not begin early completed the project later than the scheduled date, if at all.
Two decades of studies on learning management system in higher education: A bibliometric analysis with Scopus database 2000-2020
Authors: Phan Thanh-Thao , Vu Cam-Tu , Doan Phuong-Thuc , Luong Dinh-Hai , Bui Thu-Phuong , Le Thanh-Huyen , Nguyen Duc-Huy
Published: October 2022

Over the past twenty years, using learning management systems in higher education has attracted increasing interest from researchers around the globe. In this context, the current study aimed to explore the volume, growth trajectory, and geographic distribution of learning management systems in higher education literature, along with identifying impactful authors, sources, and publications, and highlight emerging research issues. The authors conducted bibliometric analysis on 1334 documents, related to the use of learning management systems in the context of higher education, extracted from Scopus database. The findings show a rapidly growing knowledge base on learning management systems in higher education, especially intensely in the years 2015-2020 and primarily from research in developed societies. This flourishing is consistent with the development trend of international education and the strong development of technology. In addition, the core literature was identified based on the volume of publications and citations. The results also reveal the emerging intellectual structure of the field and provide points of reference for scholars studying the discipline. This paper offers a knowledge map for future research assessments of learning management systems in higher education.
Grief as Attention
Authors: Cholbi Michael
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Grief seems difficult to locate within familiar emotion taxonomies, as it is not a basic emotion nor a hybrid thereof. Here I propose that grief is better conceptualized as an emotionally rich attentional phenomenon rather than an emotion or sequence of emotions. In
grieving that another person has died, the loss incurred by the grieving, etc. occupies the forefront of the grieving subject's consciousness while other candidate facts for their attention recede into the background. The former set of facts thus sit near the top of their mental 'priority
structures' throughout a grief event. The hypothesis that grief is attentional helps to explain several common phenomenological features of grief experience, underpins a credible 'metaphysics' of grief, accounts for the extent to which grief is susceptible to choice and agency, and addresses
a recent puzzle regarding our reasons to grieve and our apparent proclivity toward 'resilience' in the face of grief.
Music's Role in Relation to Phenomenological Aspects of Grief
Authors: Higgins Kathleen
Published: October 2022

Music is often utilized in the context of bereavement, yet its role has been underemphasized in the literature on grief. I will suggest that the experience of grief disrupts the bereaved individual's functioning in bodily, orientational, emotional, and interpersonal terms. Music can
help assuage the distress of grief in connection with each of these aspects. I will consider some aspects of grief that music is well-suited to address and indicate ways that musical experience can affect them.
Grief in Chronic Illness: A Case Study of CFS/ME
Authors: Byrne Eleanor Alexandra
Published: October 2022

This paper points to a more expansive conception of grief by arguing that the losses of illness can be genuine objects of grief. I argue for this by illuminating underappreciated structural features of typical grief — that is, grief over a bereavement — which are shared
but under-recognized. I offer a common chronic illness, chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), as a striking case study. I then use this analysis to highlight some clinical challenges that arise should this claim receive uptake in clinical practice. Extant literature
on CFS/ME tells us that rates of comorbid depression are atypically high. If one accepts that people with CFS/ ME can grieve over losses associated with the condition, and that grief can be easily mistaken for depression in this context, this might suggest that rates of comorbid depression
are inflated. I show, however, that the challenge of distinguishing between healthy and pathological grief arises in its place, and is just as tricky to solve.
Interpretation and the Shaping of Experience Theology of Suffering and C. S. Lewis's A Grief Observed
Authors: Scrutton Tasia
Published: October 2022

C. S. Lewis's A Grief Observed remains one of the most popular and highly recommended books on grief for bereaved people, and yet some of the experiences Lewis recounts strike readers as distinctive and unfamiliar. In this paper I draw attention to these distinctive, less familiar
experiences, and make sense of them in the light of Lewis's theology. In so doing, I provide one example of how a person's worldview can shape their experience — in this case, how the phenomenology of grief is infused by the person's conceptual world. At the end, I point to some of the
practical (pastoral and clinical) implications of my analysis, and also to some implications about our understanding of the nature of grief.
Communing with the Dead Online: Chatbots, Grief, and Continuing Bonds
Authors: Krueger Joel , Osler Lucy
Published: October 2022

Grief is, and has always been, technologically supported. From memorials and shrines to photos and saved voicemail messages, we engage with the dead through the technologies available to us. As our technologies evolve, so does how we grieve. In this paper, we consider the role chatbots
might play in our grieving practices. Influenced by recent phenomenological work, we begin by thinking about the character of grief. Next, we consider work on developing 'continuing bonds' with the dead. We argue that, for some, chatbots may play an important role in establishing these continuing
bonds by helping us develop what we term 'habits of intimacy'. We then turn to the 'ick factor' some may feel about this prospect, focusing especially on ethical concerns raised by Patrick Stokes and Adam Buben about the risk of replacing our dead with chatbots. We argue that replacement worries
are not as pressing as Stokes and Buben suggest. We resist these replacement worries by appealing to the 'thin reciprocity', as we refer to it, that such bots offer, as well as the fictionalist stance that we think users of the bots adopt when engaging with them. We conclude by briefly raising
some additional concerns and highlighting future research questions.
The Gift of Grief
Authors: Throop Jason
Published: October 2022

In bringing the relational ground of our being into a sharp and painful relief, grief may at times potentiate a renewed engagement with the world in which new possibilities are disclosed to us. Tracing the contours of those moments where the gift of grief becomes visible in the lives and work of two thinkers who experienced devastating personal losses amid the Great War — the anthropologist Marcel Mauss and the phenomenologist Edmund Husserl — the article elaborates a phenomenological anthropological perspective on grief and grieving. While still painful and world-destroying, the atmosphere of grief that these two thinkers experienced also gave rise in its wake to new ways of orienting and responding to the world in their lives and scholarly work.
Comparison Of Subjective Refraction Under Cycloplegia Versus Post Mydriatic Refraction In Pediatric Population
Authors: Tahir Ammara , Bibi Irfana , Akhtar Faiza , Jabeen Tahira , Arslan Ashraf Muhammad , Yousaf Sobia , Anwar Faridi Tallat
Published: October 2022

Reduced vision throughout early childhood is typically due to errors of refraction. Objective: To compare refractive status in children (age 5 to 15 years) checked with subjective refraction under cycloplegia versus post mydiatric test (PMT). Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in pediatric ophthalmic clinic of College of ophthalmology and Allied vision sciences /Mayo hospital Lahore including 120 non-pathological eyes of 60 subjects. Individuals with nystagmus and deviation of eyes were excluded. Power of SE (P1) was taken as proposed number of glasses to be dispensed. After three days PMT was done and prescription of glasses with BCVA (P2) was noted and prescribed. At PMT (P2-P1) was noted and evaluated. All data entered and analyzed by using SPSS-23. P-value equal or less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Among 120 eyes (n=120), the distribution of myopia was 57.5% and hyperopia was 42%.  The mean age of 60 individuals (female: 35% and male: 65%) was 9.47 ± 2.50 years. Among 120 eyes (n=120), the distribution of myopia was 57.5% (n = 69 eyes) and hyperopia was 42% (n = 51 eyes). Interclass correlation: Two-way mixed effects model where people effects are random and measures effects are fixed. a. The estimator is the same, whether the interaction effect is present or not. b. Type C intraclass correlation coefficients using a consistency definition. The between-measure variance is excluded from the denominator variance. c. This estimate is computed assuming the interaction effect is absent, because it is not estimable otherwise.
Breastfeeding Practices During Covid-19
Authors: Nisar Tahreem , Sheraz Fatima , Ammar Bin Zia Syed , Ishaq Sarah , Faraz Danish , Ahmed Eman , Khan Dua , Amjad Warda
Published: October 2022

The covid-19 has disrupted all parts of life especially maternal-child relationship. Many lactating women were quarantined in covid-19 which has affected nourishment of their infant. Breastfeeding has innumerable benefits for both mother and infants as it provides them protection. The Maternal-child relationship is drastically affected if an infant is separated from its mother. It greatly affects lactation, which acts as a shield against infectious diseases. It is approved by all the international agencies and government bodies to promote breastfeeding including the neonates of infected mothers. It is suggested to adopt proper hand and respiratory hygiene measures to prevent transmission from mother to infant. Although many studies and literature reviews have confirmed that there are no direct transmission cases related to coronavirus during breastfeeding. However, WHO, UNICEF, and many other organizations suggested to adopt some hygiene-specific guidelines while practicing lactation. These include wearing a mask, washing hands, and disinfecting surfaces. As we are in the middle of this pandemic and new information is being gathered by scientists, it is hoped that they will also support promoting breastfeeding. As its advantages outweigh the risks of COVID-19. The main aim of this review is to promote early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding during COVID-19.
Nutritional and Health Benefits of Mango (Mangifera indica Linn); A mini Review
Authors: Hassan Farooq , Niazi Madiha Khan , Ul Hassan Zaidi Syed Zahoor , Riaz Khadija , Noor Talha , Ghaffar Saira , Imran Sahar , Fatima Abiha , Pervaiz Rabbiya
Published: October 2022

Mangoes are among the most popular fruits in the world because of their mouthwatering flavor, vibrant color, and inviting aroma. It belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and has many different varieties and health benefits. It has a strong nutritional profile and flourishes in tropical climates. Numerous studies conducted all around the world have shown that Mangifera indica Linn has a variety of medicinal and nutritional benefits. It has a specific nutritional and phytochemical content. Mango trees' many components offer a variety of advantages. There are a wide range of pharmacological, therapeutic, and numerous health benefits provided by the flower, seeds, leaves, bark, and raw as well as ripe fruits. Mangoes have higher levels of macronutrients and micronutrients, as well as a variety of bioactive chemicals found in various plant parts. For instance, mangiferin is a mango's main active ingredient. In this review article, we looked into a variety of mango benefits, such as its anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, and gastrointestinal health benefits
Nigella sativa: A Potent Secondary Metabolite
Authors: Ahmed Naseer
Published: October 2022

Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed possess an extensive pharmacological potential and has emerged as a wonder herb with a rich historical and religious background. For decades, people all over the world have utilised N. sativa seeds and oil to treat a wide range of illnesses. Because black seed was stated as the cure for every illness except for death in one of the Prophetic hadiths, it is regarded by Muslims as one of the greatest forms of curative medicine accessible. Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicines) is another place where regular use of it is advised. In-depth research has been done on the chemical components of N. sativa. It primarily comprises fixed oil (24.76-40.35%), volatile oil (0.5-1.6%), alkaloids, saponins, and other substances in minute amounts. Thymoquinone seems to be primarily responsible for potent activities of N. sativa [2]. N. sativa seeds are frequently used to treat a wide range of illnesses, including bronchitis, asthma, diarrhoea, rheumatism, and skin conditions. It is also used to stimulate the immune system, fight parasite infections, and act as a digestive aid and anti-diarrheal [3].

It has been demonstrated that both the fixed oil of N. sativa and thymoquinone, prevent liposomes from undergoing non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation. It has been shown that administering the seed extract of N. sativa to rats for up to 12 weeks causes changes in the haemogram, including an increase in packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb), as well as a decrease in the plasma concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The seeds have an extremely low level of toxicity, which distinguishes [4] them. Following topical application, two occurrences of contact dermatitis in two people have been documented. It has been demonstrated that administering the seed extract or its oil does not have a substantial negative impact on liver or kidney function [5]. It would seem that the cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of the seeds and thymoquinone, as well as their impact on various inflammatory mediators, may be connected to the positive effects of their use.

Exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of the active components of N. sativa seed, particularly TQ, in health and diseases would require urgently further research using both human and animal models.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Functional Disability Related to Foot Drop In Lumber Degenerative Diseases
Authors: Gulzar Khushboo , Arif Usman , Islam Farooq , Raza Asim
Published: October 2022

In recent years, foot drop and lumber degenerative changes have become increasingly prevalent. These changes can be serious, necessitating immediate medical attention. Objective: To identify any risk factors that may be increasing patients' chances of experiencing foot drop and to observe functional disabilities related to foot drop including pain, foot wear, gait and foot posture. Methods: Data was collected through standardized tool to assess status of affected foot in lumber degenerative diseases. Variables which were considered in this tool are status of pain of the patient by asking directly to the person, any foot orthosis usage by the patient, daily activity status of the patient, range of motion of the foot, Results: Twenty participants (7.4%) were between the ages of 65 and 75; 154 (55.6%) were between the ages of 55 and 65; 63 (23.2%) were between the ages of 45 and 55; 26 (9.6%) were between the ages of 35 and 45; and nine (3.3%) were between the ages of 25 and 35. There were 193 (70.7%) participants with outstanding feet, 46 (16.8%) with good feet, 7 (2.6%) with fair feet, and 26 (9.5%) with terrible feet. Conclusions: The majority of participants (90,4%) fall into the excellent, decent, and fair categories and don't exhibit any foot drop. The prevalence of foot drop was precisely 9.55%.
Assessment of Preoperative Anxiety Among Patients of Open-Heart Surgery at Cardiac Centres of Rawalpindi and Islamabad
Authors: Javed Sadaf , Waqar Saman , Sharif Hina , Chaudhry Maryum , Fatima Kiyani Yusra
Published: October 2022

Anxiety is a complex emotional condition that is often described as a noxious internal disturbance that is accompanied by restlessness. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of preoperative anxiety and to find out main risk factors among patients waiting for open heart surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at cardiac centers of Rawalpindi. A total of 180 respondents who were admitted in hospital for open heart surgery were consecutively selected for the purpose of the study. APAIS and STAI were used to collect data regarding preoperative anxiety. Adjusted odd ratios were determined for the major risk factors. Results: Majority were males (64.4%) and were 20-46 years of age (48.3%). It can be seen that patients who presented low levels of preoperative anxiety were slightly higher in number as compared to those who presented high levels of anxiety. Females, patients of younger age group (20-46 years) and those undergoing valvular surgeries were more prone to develop all subtypes of preoperative anxiety (p value<0.05). While surgery schedule is also a main predictor of anxiety due to anaesthesia and procedure (p value<0.05). Conclusions: Majority of the patients undergoing open heart surgery presented low levels of preoperative anxiety while females, younger patients and those undergoing valvular surgeries were considered more susceptible of developing preoperative anxiety.
Costochondritis After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Nauman Jamal Muhammad , Anees Sarwar Muhammad , Fatima Ishrat , Shabbir Sidrah , Hayat Rehana
Published: October 2022

Costochondritis is painful inflammatory condition of costochondral junctions, which can be reproduced by palpating the affected joints. After CABG, musculoskeletal problems are major cause of chest pain due to median sternotomy. Prevalence of costochondritis in emergency department is 14% but its frequency in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting is not well established. Objective: To identify costochondritis as complication of sternotomy in post-operative CABG patients. Methods: This was a descriptive case series study in which 43 patients were included in study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 28 males and 15 females were included in the study with same baseline characteristics. Each patient was assessed using diagnostic criteria based on clinical history and physical examination, after 3 weeks of coronary artery bypass grafting, under supervision of cardiologist. Results: Mean age of patients was 51.14, with range minimum 30 years to maximum 70 years. 15 patients (34.9%) had costochondritis after CABG and 28 patients (65.1%) had other musculoskeletal causes of chest pain. Conclusions: Costochondritis after CABG is one major complication of sternotomy which causes severe chest pain, affecting 34.9% patients. It affects females twice as compare to males
Breast Feeding Practice Among Females of Pakistan and Factors Affecting Its Practice
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Mahmood Zahid , Ghaffar Junaid , Uzair Muhammad , Farrukh Riffat , Sultana Sarwat
Published: October 2022

The duration of breastfeeding has reduced in Pakistan in recent decades. So this analysis aimed to find the key factors that could affect breastfeeding among mothers. The reasons that affect a mother's decision to shift towards formula milk were analyzed. Objective: The study aimed to find the factors that have any impact on breastfeeding practice by the mothers. Methods: A cross-sectional phenomenological technique was used to find the mother's experience during breastfeeding. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used and snowballing strategy was used to select the participants. The analysis was done by using the interpretative phenomenological analysis method. A participant's information sheet was given to all mothers to collect the data for the study. Interviews were audio-recorded so that any data don't get missed.
Results: Obstetrical complications that may produce a negative impact on breastfeeding practice were analyzed and it was found that 35 mothers complained about obstetrical issues. Moreover, the psychological factors were studied and 36 mothers showed negative emotions during the analysis. Results revealed that absence of support from society, lack of knowledge about breast feeding significance are some of the hurdles in lowering the rate of its practice among mothers. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals, doctors, and paramedic staff should be trained to provide mothers with basic education and training about breastfeeding to increase the average duration of breastfeeding in Pakistan.
Association Between Suicidal Attempts in Connection to Discrimination Among Trans Genders
Authors: Ali Asghar , Ahmed Khan Saad , Zeb Shah , Munir Zahir , Saeed Ali Tazeen
Published: October 2022

Suicide has become a serious public health challenge across the world with around 800,000 people dying by suicide each year. Amongst these a majority of the people (79%) belongs to low and middle-income countries. Objective: The study aimed to identify the association between suicidal attempts in connection to discrimination among transgender. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from a registered NGO (Gender Interactive Alliance) from February to May, 2020, using a universal and purposive sampling technique. Data was analyzed on SPSS (version 21.0). Mean and standard deviation was calculated for frequency distribution, while Chi-square was used for categorical variables. Results: Overall, 250 transgender were approached through a registered NGO. The mean age of participants was 32.34 years with a standard deviation of 7.86 years. From this, 88.4% were males and 11.6% were females as identified by their birth certificates. The current sex/gender the participants identified as 81.6% Males and 18.4% Females. Half of the participants were homeless while 33.6% were living in a shelter. The suicidal attempt was identified in 62.9% of Males, 13.5% of Females, and 23.6% of trans genders, as identified by their N.I. Cs (p-value X2 0.012). Based on monthly income, 36% of the participants who made monthly income between 21000 to 30000 PKR, reported suicidal attempts with a significant p-value of X2 0.034. Conclusions: This study found an association between discrimination and suicidal attempt among a transgender population
Depression and Sleep Issues in Aging: A Prospective Study
Authors: Umer Ayesha , Jahangir Saman , Gul Mahnoor , Sohail Tahoor
Published: October 2022

Clinical research has demonstrated a strong link between sleep issues and depression. Objective: To evaluate depression and sleep issues in aging. Methods: A subset of the Alameda County (California) Study's questionnaires from 1994 and 1995 (N=2,370) had data on major depressive episode symptoms and sleep issues. The authors examined a number of variables, including ages, sex, education, relationship status, social isolation, functional disability, financial difficulties, and alcohol consumption. Twelve items covering the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV as a criterion for severe, moments of depression i.e. sleeplessness and hypersomnia, were used to quantify depression. Results: In 1994, the prevalence of insomnia were 23.1% and hypersomnia were 6.7%. Depression was significantly predicted by sleep, gender, old age, social isolation, low education, financial instability, and physical handicap. Sleep issues and depression were evaluated prospectively with other variables controlled for, and depression in 1995 was predicted by sleep issues in 1994. Anhedonia, Thoughts of mortality, unworthiness, psychomotor agitation or impairment, mood fluctuation, and irritation were so much effective indicators of future severe depression. Conclusion: Future depression risk is highly correlated along with sleep problems and certain other severe depression-related symptoms. Sleep problems seem being little significant indicator of being depressive. Further epidemiological researches are required to determine proportional impact on various depressive indicator of developing major depressive disorder.