bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISYARAT SOSIAL EKONOMI DALAM PEMBENTUKAN ENTITAS AGRIBISNIS KEMITRAAN PADA STRUKTUR SOSIAL KEMASYARAKATAN HETEROGEN
Authors: Serly Novita Sari  , Fachrurrozie Sjarkowi  , Mirza Antoni
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this research are to: 1) identify the farmer's total income of pre-plasma in establishing agribusiness partnership entity, 2) Identify the conditions of peasant social capital as supporting efforts to establish a partnership of agribusiness entity, 3) analyze the comparation of total income between pre-plasma farmer's income and post-plasma income expectation in establishing agribusiness partnership entity, 4) Identify the response of the community in establishing partnerships agribusiness entities. The research result showed that income of farmer’s are relatively low. The conditions of peasant social capital in the village of Karang Endah and Tanjung Agung quite adequate. Farmer's income of pre-plasma (slab) is smaller than the farmers' income expectations of post-plasma (palm oil). The response of the community in establishing agribusiness partnership entity in the village of Karang Endah and Tanjung Agung was agreed, it means agribusiness investment partnerships will be easily occurred. Based on the results of those research in the village of Karang Endah and Tanjung Agung, we can conclude that Ho points 0.1 was accepted. It means if the farmer's rubber income of pre-plasma is smaller than the income of farmer's expectations of post-plasma and the conditions social capital is adequate, so the establishment of agribusiness entities will be easily occurred.
Minimalnofazowość układu a fizyczny model dla eksperymentu w badaniach dynamiki pojazdów szynowych
Authors: Barczak Arkadiusz
Published: July 2021

W artykule badano wpływ modelu typu wejście-wyjście tworzonego dla eksperymentu w badaniach dynamiki pojazdu na to, czy układ jest minimalnofazowy czy nie. Dla przyjętego modelu wyznaczono położenie zer i biegunów transmitancji układu oraz analizowano wpływ zer leżących w prawej półpłaszczyźnie zespolonej na rozwiązanie wybranych problemów dynamiki pojazdu.
Techniczna specyfikacja interoperacyjności dla wagonów towarowych
Authors: Durzyński Zbigniew
Published: July 2021

W artykule zostały opisane wyniki kolejnych faz prac prowadzonych przez Europejskie Zrzeszenie dla Interoperacyjności Kolei (Association Européene pour l’Interopérabilité Ferroviaire) w Brukseli przy technicznej specyfikacji interoperacyjności kolei konwencjonalnych (CR TSI). Szczególną uwagę poświęcono końcowemu projektowi specyfikacji dla wagonów towarowych. Przedstawiono wybrane informacje z głównego dokumentu TSI oraz z załączników do niego. Omówiono zagadnienia istotne dla wagonów towarowych, takie jak charakterystyka podsystemu „wagony towarowe” w systemie kolei konwencjonalnych, składniki interoperacyjności oraz skomentowano informacje z kilku istotniejszych dla polskiego kolejnictwa załączników do TSI. Opisano i skomentowano także tzw. zagadnienia otwarte, wymagające zharmonizowania z TSI dla innych podsystemów kolei konwencjonalnych. Przedstawiono także wymagania dla rejestru taboru i infrastruktury. Autor jest ekspertem w zakresie taboru kolejowego delegowanym przez PKP do prac w zespole powołanym w AEIF do opracowania TSI.
Badania silników lokomotyw spalinowych w świetle dopuszczeń do eksploatacji na torach polskich linii kolejowych
Authors: Marciniak Zygmunt , Pielecha Ireneusz
Published: July 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest zagadnieniom badania silników spalinowych pojazdów trakcyjnych, zwłaszcza lokomotyw, sprowadzanych do kraju z zagranicy. Przedstawiono dopuszczalne limity zawartości składników toksycznych w spalinach emitowanych do atmosfery przez silniki stosowane w spalinowych pojazdach trakcyjnych według różnych przepisów i dyrektyw. Ponadto zaprezentowano aparaturę wraz z metodyką badań i zasadami określania poziomów emisji najważniejszych składników toksycznych oraz przedstawiono wyniki badań prowadzonych na lokomotywach (sprowadzanych zazwyczaj z zagranicy), zarówno z silnikami remontowanymi jak i z nowymi silnikami wymienianymi w ramach napraw i modernizacji. W zakończeniu przedstawiono wskazówki dla spełnienia przez silniki spalinowe określonych wymagań w zakresie emisji składników toksycznych.
Kryteria oceny bezpieczeństwa przed skutkami zderzeń dla pojazdów szynowych do transportu osobowego
Authors: Nowicki Jerzy , Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono kryteria bezpieczeństwa przed skutkami zderzeń dla pojazdów szynowych przeznaczonych do transportu osobowego, do których zalicza się: wagony osobowe, zespoły trakcyjne kolei miejskiej (w tym pojazdy metra), do ruchu lokalnego i regionalnego, tramwaje oraz autobusy szynowe. Główny nacisk położono na bezpieczeństwo pasażerów podczas procesów zderzeń pojazdów szynowych i na kryteria jakie powinny być spełnione, aby zapewnić bezpieczeństwo pasażerom podczas ewentualnych zderzeń. Praca naukowa finansowana ze środków budżetowych na naukę w latach 2005÷2007 jako projekt badawczy pt. „Teoretyczne i techniczne możliwości kształtowania stref zgniotu ustrojów nośnych pojazdów szynowych.”
Öğrencilerin Türkçe Dersine Yönelik Tutumları ile Sınıf Değerlendirme Atmosferine Yönelik Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kartal Mehmet , Çavdar Mahmut
Published: July 2021

Bu araştırmada öğrencilerin Türkçe dersine yönelik tutumları ile sınıf değerlendirme atmosferine yönelik algıları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmadaki çalışma grubu, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Diyarbakır’ın merkezinde bulunan iki ayrı ortaokuldan seçilen 89’u kız, 61’i erkek, toplam 150 öğrenciden oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplama aracı olarak Kapar Kuvanç’ın (2008) geliştirdiği Türkçe Dersine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile Çetin ve İlhan’ın (2014) geliştirdiği Sınıf Değerlendirme Atmosferi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde Pearson Momentler Çarpımı korelasyonu ile regresyon analizine başvurulmuştur. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda, öğrenme odaklı değerlendirme atmosferi ile Türkçe dersine yönelik tutum arasında pozitif yönde ve anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır. Öte yandan performans odaklı değerlendirme atmosferinin Türkçe dersine yönelik tutum ile negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki içinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon analizinden sağlanan bulgular, öğrencilerin Türkçe dersine yönelik tutumları ile ilgili toplam varyansın %25’inin sınıf değerlendirme atmosferine yönelik algıları ile açıklanabildiğini göstermiştir.
Taller empresarial, un espacio para entrenar.
Authors: Lopez Heriberto , Piña Carlos
Published: July 2021

El artículo se enfoca en desarrollar estrategias de aprendizaje en los estudiantes dentro de un escenario ficticio empresarial, aplicando conocimientos adquiridos en las diferentes asignaturas y ciclos de estudio en la especialidad de Mercadeo y Comercio Electrónico. Mediante la creación de situaciones a resolver a partir de casos de estudio, juegos de rol, elaboración del diagnóstico,derivado de la identificación del problema en lo administrativo comercial, permitirá el desarrollo de actividades evaluativas más prácticas, así como la medición del desempeño del futuro profesional de forma más objetiva y real. La necesidad de ejercitar al educando en la toma de decisiones, desarrollando en él una masa crítica en el análisis ante los diferentes tipos de pro-blemas que se presenten, donde el aprender-haciendo dé paso a la solución de las causas que generan las dificultades de la empresa creada, hará más significativa la actividad de aprendizaje y el involucramiento de los participantes. El comportamiento que los estudiantes desarrollen dentro de los diferentes roles, permitirá evaluar sus actitudes laborales ante las distintas funciones y competencias que asuman para la toma de decisiones estratégicas, caracterizado por un enfoque operativo y poder de negociación. Para elaborar la propuesta se ha analizado el nuevo diseño de la malla curricular (2018) de la Escuela de Mercadeo y Comercio Electrónico del Instituto de Tecnologías Sudamericano de la ciudad de Cuenca, capital de la provincia del Azuay, Ecuador.
PROPUESTA DE ESTANDARIZACIÓN EN LA SECCIÓN “TRUCHAS Y MARISCOS” DE LA HOSTERÍA DOS CHORRERAS
Authors: Martinez Richard , Fernández Daniel , Narváez Evelyn
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación nace de la necesidad de mejorar y optimizar la producción de alimentos y bebidas de la sección “Trucha y Mariscos” del menú de la hostería Dos Chorreras; para ello, se ha utilizado una metodología con enfoque mixto, que hace uso de diferentes técnicas de campo, específicamente la entrevista personal, la encuesta al personal operativo y, sobre todo, la observación descriptiva; a través de ellas, se determinó alteraciones en el proceso de producción, demostrando la variación de características organolépticas de las elaboraciones y la variación en cuanto al gramaje de los alimentos al momento de realizar los montajes de los platos. A partir de estos resultados, se ha delineado como objetivo generar una propuesta de estandarización de los platillos. La socialización al personal operativo de dicha propuesta permitió mejorar la producción y facilitó una guía para la elaboración de alimentos. Esto evitará tanto el desperdicio de materia prima como los cambios de características organolépticas; ayudará, asimismo, a realizar un montaje homogéneo de los platos.
A Constitucionalização dos Procedimentos Parlamentares
Authors: Lima Martonio Mont’Alverne Barreto
Published: July 2021

O texto enfrenta o tema sobre o controle do Poder Judiciário sobre os temas determinados como políticos, especialmente, quando se trata da ação judicial sobre comissões parlamentares de inquérito. Assunto polêmico, a se deparar sempre com discussões e rediscussões, o artigo parte da premissa de que crises, desenvolvidas na institucionalidade e não fora destas, podem até fortalecer a democracia. Quando tais crises partem e se fortalecem apenas por caprichosos e incivilizados mecanismos de disputa interna entre os Poderes do Estado, o resultado será sempre a catástrofe da democracia. Por tal razão, o argumento central do texto é o de que as ações do Poder Judiciário sobre investigações no âmbito do Poder Legislativo podem vir a possuir um caráter desfavorável à democracia, na medida em que podem exorbitar a constitucional previsão normativa da Constituição sobre a radicalidade da separação de poderes presidencialista. Por outro lado, quando o próprio Poder Judiciário participa com o Poder Legislativo da derrocada constitucional, pouca alternativa resta à Constituição. Diante de tais argumentos é que o artigo deseja provocar a discussão sobre as consequências do descrédito da política, a atingir primeiro partidos e representação legislativa da política, mas em curto prazo, não poupa os outros Poderes. Reside, portanto, neste acidentado percurso o cuidado de não fazer sucumbir a Constituição e sua democracia, a que tanto se dedicou o Brasil desde 1988.
A Gravidade da Conduta no Abuso de Poder
Authors: Fernandes Neto Raimundo Augusto
Published: July 2021

Postula a continuidade da aferição da potencialidade lesiva às eleições, como medida necessária à caracterização do gênero de abuso de poder perseguido pelo art. 22 da Lei Complementar n.º 64/90 (Lei das Inelegibilidades), mesmo após a inclusão do inciso VXI, que atribuiu a “gravidade das circunstâncias” como o único elemento a ser sopesado no caso concreto.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Model Pembelajaran Make A Match pada Siswa Kelas VI SDN 1 Gondangkulon
Authors: Suci Murtini
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran make a match. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Gondangkulon pada tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 16 siswa. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes tulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada pra siklus sebesar 56,25% (9 siswa), kemudian terjadi peningkatan prosentase pada siklus I sebesar 62,5% (10 siswa), dan pada siklus II prosentase hasil belajar siswa meningkat lagi menjadi 75% (12 siswa). Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa model pembelajaran make a match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Gondangkulon Tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
Etnografía: Baile de negras del pueblo originario de Monimbó
Authors: Cárdenas Suárez Reymundo Mauricio
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación, se desarrolló en la ciudad de Masaya- Nicaragua, la cuna del folklore nicaragüense, que cuenta con manifestaciones en la cultura material y espiritual entre los que se manifiestan, la vida económica, las relaciones sociales, el arte, la música, la danza entre otros. El objetivo de la investigación es la búsqueda de la identidad de la población de acuerdo con las practicas danzarías de la población, en el caso específico del baile de negras, siendo una manifestación cultural del pueblo de Monimbó de la ciudad de Masaya, que se personifica en honor a las fiestas patrones de San Jerónimo. El propósito de esta investigación nace con la curiosidad de saber ¿Que es el baile de negras? las características originarias que representan, las transformaciones y procesos de cambio que ha sufrido el baile. Permitiendo así el acercamiento a la apropiación, transmisión y proyección del proceso histórico cultural del origen del baile de negras en la ciudad de Masaya.
Effects of salt stress on plant growth, abscisic acid and salicylic acid in own-rooted cultivars of Vitis vinifera L.
Authors: Álvarez-Méndez Sergio J. , Urbano-Gálvez Antonio , Vives-Peris Vicente , Pérez-Clemente Rosa M. , Gómez-Cadenas Aurelio , Mahouachi Jalel
Published: July 2021

Aim of study: In most areas of vineyards worldwide, cultivars are frequently grafted on specific rootstocks to avoid Daktulosphaira vitifoliae pest attack. Nevertheless, the absence of this pest in Canary Islands allowed the chance to conserve and cultivate traditional or new own-rooted genotypes without the requirement of the rootstocks. To investigate the responses of own-rooted genotypes of Vitis vinifera L. to salt stress conditions, ‘Castellana Negra’ (‘CN’) and ‘Negramoll’ (‘Ne’) were used with the aim to characterize their morphological and physiological responses.Area of study: Canary Islands, Spain.Material and methods: The effects of NaCl stress on growth, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and proline were assessed in ‘CN’ and ‘Ne’ under greenhouse conditions.Main results: In ‘CN’, the decrease of leaf number in stressed plants was lower and started eleven days later than in ‘Ne’. Salt stress also reduced stomatal conductance (gs), although such decrease took place earlier in ‘CN’ than in ‘Ne’. ABA and SA concentrations in ‘CN’ leaves were 2-fold higher than those of ‘Ne’. Salt stress increased leaf ABA and SA content in both genotypes, compared to control. In conclusion, ABA and SA appear to be involved in grapevines responses to salinity and suggest that exogenous SA could be useful to mitigate the stress impacts.Research highlights: ‘CN’ exhibited a better response than ‘Ne’ through the delay of salt injury establishment, and the dissimilar responses between ‘CN’ and ‘Ne’ seem to be associated to the higher accumulation of ABA and SA under salt stress.
LYAPUNOV INEQUALITY FOR SYSTEM DISCONJUGACY OF EVEN ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: CHENG SUI SUN
Published: July 2021

LYAPUNOV INEQUALITY FOR SYSTEM DISCONJUGACY OF EVEN ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
A (NEW) MEASURE OF FUZZY UNCERTAINTY VIA INTERVAL ANALYSIS, WHICH IS FULLY CONSISTENT WITH SHANNON THEORY
Authors: JUMARIE GUY
Published: July 2021

Many authors have suggested different measures of the amount of uncertainty involved in fuzzy sets, but most of these concepts suffer from drawbacks: mainly, they are indexes of fuzziness rather than measures of uncertainty, and they are not fully consistent with Shannon theory. The question is herein once more considered by combining the information theory of deterministic functions, recently initiated by the author, with the viewpoint of interval analysis; and one so derive the new concept of "uncertainty of order c of fuzzy sets". It is shown that it satisfies the main properties which are desirable for a measure of uncertainty. Some topics are outlined, such as informational distance between fuzzy sets, and mutual infonnation between fuzzy sets for instance. One so has at hand a unified approach to Shannon information expressed in terms of probability, and to fuzzy information described by weighting coefficients commonly referred to as possibility distribution.
Implementation of internal marketing in hotels – a case study of the Opole market
Authors: Goranczewski Bolesław
Published: July 2021

This study assesses the extent to which Opole hotels rely on internal marketing. The assessment is based on results of a case study, analysis of documents, a diagnostic survey and logical analysis and construction. A questionnaire survey conducted in 12 hotels, accounting for about 92% of all hotels in Opole, was used to produce descriptive statistics of hotel characteristics. Most hotels evaluated in this study already use internal marketing. The most common marketing tools include training sessions, communication and information support, and active assistance provided by managers or owners to their employees. The main factors influencing the implementation of internal marketing in Opole hotels involve recruiting suitable staff, organising active training sessions for employees, and creating a friendly work environment. Based on the study findings, we recommend promoting the use of internal marketing among hotel owners and a wider range of tools that benefit employees of contemporary hotels.
„Maciorę swoją musisz mieć. Prosięta teraz drogie” – o językowej kreacji gospodarskich zwierząt w pierwszych powieściach Wiesława Myśliwskiego
Authors: Kuska Wojciech
Published: July 2021

This article analyzes the language creation of farm animals in selected novels by Wiesław Myśliwski. The subject of the research are the first three works by the writer Nagi sad, Pałac and Kamień na kamieniu, put by the author entirely in a rural setting. They bring a rich lexis and phraseology related to the keeping of farm animals, their breeding and functions.
Wrocławska „Dzielnica” Wzajemnego Szacunku Czterech „Wyznań”. Idea, nazwa, działalność – kontekst ekumeniczny
Authors: Sanecka Anna
Published: July 2021

The Wroclaw Quarter of Mutual Respect of the Four Denominations is a unique place not only on the map of Poland, but also of Europe. It is a place of long-term cooperation between representatives of two religions – Judaism and Christianity and three Christian denominations: Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy. For more than 20 years, the Quarter has been actively operating in the area of education and culture. The Quarter of Mutual Respect is a place of meetings, friendly cooperation and dialogue, which allows conducting truly ecumenical activities. The article presents these activities of the Quarter and the ideas that guided its creation and existence. It also points out certain linguistic issues concerning the name of the Quarter.
Cemento chemija ir technologija
Authors: Kaminskas Rimvydas , Baltakys Kęstutis , Eisinas Anatolijus , Barauskas Irmantas
Published: July 2021

CEMENTAS – viena populiariausių gaminamų medžiagų ir, kaip teigia vadovėlio autoriai, yra šiuolaikinio, urbanistinio pasaulio pagrindas. Mokslininkai Rimvydas Kaminskas, Kęstutis Baltakys, Anatolijus Eisinas ir Irmantas Barauskas suinteresuotus fizinių, inžinerinių bei technologinių mokslų studijų krypčių studentus ir kitus besidominčius skaitytojus supažindina su naujausiu savo darbu – vadovėliu „Cemento chemija ir technologija“. Vadovėlio medžiaga universali. Jame pateikiama norminė ir techninė informacija apie cemento klasifikaciją, jo gamybos istoriją, dabartines naujausias jo gamybos technologijas. Vadovėlis tinkamas visiems skaitytojams, kurių teoriniam ir praktiniam pasirengimui yra svarbi cemento sąvoka. Visuose vadovėlio skyriuose galima rasti išsamias iliustracijas, trumpus aprašymus apie tai, kokių žinių ir gebėjimų įgis skaitytojai, kiekvieno skyriaus pabaigoje pateikiami kontroliniai ir diskusiniai klausimai, praktinės užduotys, kurias atlikdami skaitytojai galės įtvirtinti perskaitytą teorinę medžiagą ir įgytas žinias.
Die Bedeutung der russischen Verfassungsreform des Jahres 2020 für die Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit
Authors: Krjažkova Ol’ga
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the 2020 Russian constitutional reform with a special focus on constitutional justice. The author discusses the changes of the Constitution and the legislation on the Federal Constitutional Court and the Constitutional Courts of the constituent entities (subjects) of the Russian Federation. The analysis shows three main developments: First, the liquidation of the constitutional (charter) courts of the subjects of the Federation and their possible replacement by councils within legislative bodies. Secondly, changes of the organization of the Constitutional Court (the reduction of the number of its members, the decision that dissenting opinions of judges are no longer published), and of its relationship with other state bodies (increased dependence on the president and the Federation Council). Thirdly, the changes of the powers of the Constitutional Court (expansion of the powers and reduction of the capacity to consider complaints about violations of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens). The analyses also looks on previous changes of the legal regulations in this area and the case law of these courts. The article shows that the changes were made gradually and are affected by the current Russian political regime. Lastly, it shows that the constitutional reform did not strengthen, but weakened the institutions of constitutional justice in Russia.
Präsident, Regierung und Staatsrat – Die einfachgesetzliche Umsetzung der russischen Verfassungsreform
Authors: von Gall Caroline
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the 2020 Russian constitutional reform and its implementation by legal amendments to many laws of the Russian Federation. The article focuses on the amendments to the new Law on the State Council and on the changes to the Law on the Government and the relationships of these institutions to the Russian President. The 1993 Russian constitution already gave extensive powers to the Federal President and a strong position within the power structure. The federal laws and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court in force until 2020 further strengthened the powers of the president. That stood in contrast to a liberal interpretation of the constitution in the light of its basic principles laid down in the first section, in particular the principles of democracy and separation of powers. By the 2020 constitutional amendments, the discrepancy between the norms of the constitution on the president and the federal organs and the constitutional reality in form of federal laws with respect to the relationship between the President and the government is getting smaller. However, the constitutional reform also left open questions. The amendments to the laws partially answer these questions and again strengthen the powers of the president.
Russland und das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Völker im postsowjetischen Raum
Authors: Socher Johannes
Published: July 2021

As a concept of international law, the right to self-determination is widely renowned for its unclarity. Broadly speaking, one can differentiate between a liberal and a nationalist tradition. In modern international law, the balance between these two opposing traditions is sought in an attempt to contain or ‘domesticate’ the nationalist conception by limiting it to ‘abnormal’ situations, i.e. to colonialism in the sense of ‘alien subjugation, domination and exploitation’. Essentially, this distinction between ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’ situations has since been the heart of the matter in the legal discourse on the right to self-determination, with the important qualification regarding the need to preserve existing borders. This study situates Russia’s approach to the right to self- determination in that discourse by way of a regional comparison vis-à-vis a ‘western’ or European perspective, and a temporal comparison with the former Soviet doctrine of international law. Against the background of the Soviet Union’s role in the evolution of the right to self-determination, the bulk of the study analyses Russia’s relevant state practice in the post-Soviet space through the prisms of sovereignty, secession, and annexation. Complemented by a review of the Russian scholarship on the topic, it is suggested that Russia’s approach to the right to self-determination may be best understood not only in terms of power politics disguised as legal rhetoric, but can be seen as evidence of traits of a regional (re-)fragmentation of international law.
The Dayton Agreement and social reform: Omne principium difficile est
Authors: Mirjanić Željko , Šukalo Marko
Published: July 2021

The Dayton Agreement rests on the principle of establishing a self-sustaining system that respects the multinational and multiconfessional structure of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, composed of entities with independent constitutive, legislative, executive and judicial functions. The organisation and functioning of the constitutionally-determined institutions of power in BiH is based on the constituent nature of the nations, enclosed in amendments to the entity constitutions made after the 2000 Decision of the Constitutional Court on the Constituency of Peoples, which regulate representation and the manner of the protection of the interests of the peoples. This article proceeds from the point that vital discussion on constitutional regulation is leading to a marginalisation of the discussion on harmonising domestic legislation with the EU acquis, conditio sine qua non in terms of fulfilling the requirements of the Stabilisation and Accession Agreement, not least in the area of labour law, and gaining admission to the EU. Above all, society is only changed through reform in which - panta rei - everything flows.
Material deprivation and employment status in post-transition: Evidence from North Macedonia
Authors: Nikoloski Dimitar
Published: July 2021

Poverty and social exclusion are often associated with unemployment, but being employed is not always sufficient to provide decent living conditions for workers and their families. In this context, the aim of this article, drawing on SILC micro data, is to assess the underlying causes of severe material deprivation in North Macedonia from the point of view of employment status, particularly the differences between employed and unemployed workers. The results show that employed workers face a much greater risk of severe material deprivation if they are positioned in the so-called secondary labour market; while the unemployed with low capital accumulation and those living in households with low work intensity face the highest risks of all. North Macedonia’s adjustment mechanisms do help cushion the consequences, but the article concludes with several policy recommendations for additional action to reduce severe material deprivation covering: education and training; active labour market policies; unionisation and collective bargaining; wage subsidies and taxation; and a statutory minimum wage.
Agustín y la Biblia griega en las 'Enarrationes in Psalmos'
Authors: Caruso Giuseppe ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article presents a summary of the ideas of different scholars concerning the real knowledge that Saint Augustine had of the Greek Language, to point out that the competence of Saint Augustine was increasing over the years. It also addresses the relationship between Saint Augustine and Saint Jerome regarding the translations of the Bible, and the value that Saint Augustine attributed to the LXX text. Subsequently, some examples taken from the 'enarrationes in Psalmos' help to stress the work of the augustinian emendatio of the Latin text, taking as point of departure the Greek text, as well as the use the Greek text in Augustine’s own textual interpretation of the psalms.
'In domo disciplinae': una relectura integral del 'De disciplina christiana' de Agustín de Hipona
Authors: D’Andrea Bruno N. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article offers a comprehensive reading of Augustine’s 'De disciplina christiana'. After an introduction, the article makes a review of the studies on the 'De disciplina christiana'. Afterwards, the article presents a rhetorical analysis of the Work, stressing particularly the inuentio and the dispositio. In a third part, the article presents a careful examination of the contents of 'De disciplina christiana'. Finally, the article presents a comprehensive reading of 'De disciplina christiana', letting aside ethical or moral aspects, and mainly highlighting its ecclesiological elements in relationship to other works of Augustine, both earlier and contemporary to the 'De disciplina christiana'. The article finally offers some conclusions, stressing the possibilities of research on Augustine’s 'De disciplina christiana'.
El 'De paradiso' de Ambrosio: una fuente de inspiración para Agustín de Hipona
Authors: Van Willigen Marius A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The theological influence of Ambrose of Milan on Augustine is often underestimated. Some of this influence is demonstrated in this short case-study bymeans of a rather direct question: Did Augustine use Ambrose’s 'De paradiso' in 'De peccato originali'?
The Evidentialist's Wager
Authors: MacAskill William , Vallinder Aron , Oesterheld Caspar , Shulman Carl , Treutlein Johannes ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: July 2021

Suppose that an altruistic agent who is uncertain between evidential and causal decision theory finds herself in a situation where these theories give conflicting verdicts. We argue that even if she has significantly higher credence in CDT, she should nevertheless act in accordance with EDT. First, we claim that the appropriate response to normative uncertainty is to hedge one's bets. That is, if the stakes are much higher on one theory than another, and the credences you assign to each of these theories are not very different, then it is appropriate to choose the option that performs best on the high-stakes theory. Second, we show that, given the assumption of altruism, the existence of correlated decision makers will increase the stakes for EDT but leave the stakes for CDT unaffected. Together these two claims imply that whenever there are sufficiently many correlated agents, the appropriate response is to act in accordance with EDT.
Digitalization of education in the function of economic development
Authors: Stojanović Jelena , Nešić Zoran , Bulut-Bogdanović Ivana
Published: July 2021

This paper conducts theoretical and empirical research with the aim of analyzing the opportunities provided by digitalized education systems and the use of modern technologies in education in the current economic crisis and global pandemic and how it affects the process of teaching and developing future needs of the workforce towards developing economies. The fundamental goal of this paper is a meticulous study of the impact of digital literacy on the digitalization of education and the use of new approaches in teaching and learning to develop knowledge, abilities and skills by which the economy should improve business efficiency and effectiveness.
Challenges of public finance of the Serbian economy in the conditions of the pandemic caused by the Covid-19
Authors: Pejović Biljana , Ljumović Isidora , Nestorović Milica
Published: July 2021

The corona virus pandemic has brought a great dilemma to economic policy makers. How to maintain a satisfactory level of economic activity, and at the same time provide adequate health care for the population? Epidemiological measures introduced for the health protection of the population have affected the reduction of economic activity in all industries which involve a large number of people in one place. Increased expenditure on health care and assistance to the economy in order to maintain liquidity and employment on the one hand and reduced inflow of public revenues due to weaker economic activity on the other hand, have affected the budget deficit. The extent to which Serbia has managed to balance these two contradictory demands is the topic of this paper. Did the decisions of the Crisis Council adequately balance the preservation of health and the efficiency of the economy? It was analyzed which monetary and fiscal policy measures were implemented, to what extent they preserved the stability of the domestic economy and what is the perspective of economic recovery.
Organizational culture as an important factor of enterprise crisis management in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Žikić Srđan , Valjević Milena
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly has serious socio-economic effects. The whole world is going through a unprecedented crisis with all the characteristics of unpredictability and difficult prevention. Today, there is practically no organization that has not been affected by this crisis. During a period of great uncertainty, it is very important that organizations properly understand the impact of this threat on internal and external stakeholders. Only companies that are able to manage the crisis effectively with an adequate organizational culture and leadership can maintain a competitive advantage. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop and support an ethically oriented organizational culture that will strongly support ethical standards. The proactivity and ethical approach of this type of organizational culture contributes to mitigating the negative effects of the crisis and provides adequate support to employees. Based on the above facts, the basic motive of the research was to determine the extent to which an ethically oriented organizational culture is supported in the company during a period of severe business crisis and uncertainty. The research is based on the answers collected by a standardized and structured survey questionnaire on a sample of 100 respondents.
Urban house transformation: From traditional to contemporary urban house: Part one: Development of the traditional urban family house
Authors: Nikezić Ana
Published: July 2021

The principal aim of this research is maladjustment of the traditional family house space concept to the requirements of the contemporary city and to the needs of an urban emancipated citizen. New patterns of every-day life seek their sanctuary in new living models, striving to re-evaluate the current patterns and determine spatial and social frame for the development of the contemporary family house adjusted to the urbanity of the 21st century town. The main aim is to define the elements and characteristics of contemporary urbane family house spatial structure by establishing mutual support between private and public domain of every-day life, throughout observation and analyses of spatial concept of the traditional urban family house, and also throughout the examination of its transformation during the first and second half of the 20th century, and by establishing the potential and final limits of its growth at the beginning of the 21st century. The first part of the analysis deals with transformation of the traditional house structure and determination of basic elements of the traditional urban house.
Sustainable urban land use: Definition, theoretical basis and review of morphology aspect concepts
Authors: Gajić Ranka
Published: July 2021

The topic of sustainable urban land use compared to the world theory and practice has almost not been elaborated by the professionals in Serbia. This paper's starting point is that it is important to analyze and apply this topic, not only for the master plan level but also for the more detailed levels of planning and for smaller spatial entities/complexes in the cities, focusing on the morphological implications of sustainable urban land use as the topic relevant from the architect/urban planner point of view. After the definition of the notion of sustainable urban land use and the theoretical basis has been defined in the introductory explications, followed by a brief review of that topic's presence in Serbia, the point of view has been explained - namely, focusing on one single aspect (morphology) followed by a review of relevant criteria of other aspects of sustainable urban land use (economical, ecological and social aspects). The conclusion derived by synthesis represents the recommendation for a possible practice/methodology for planner's approach to the sustainable urban land use from the viewpoint of the morphology aspect.
Fifteen rules of Christopher Alexander and the methods of generative design as the practical application of the "the nature of order" in architecture
Authors: Petruševski Ivana
Published: July 2021

This paper establishes the correlation between the "nature of order" of Christopher Alexander and the methods of generative design as well as their connection with nature. The research is focused on the practical application of Christopher Alexander's theory on assuming the principles from the nature, with an objective of reconciliation of the built environment with nature and creation of the more agreeable living environment than the present one, by means of generative, parametric design in architecture and urbanism. Christopher Alexander sees order in nature, whereas the human kind creates a completely new type of "order" constructing buildings and cities, even though not fully aware of the meaning of this notion. In order to establish the balance between these two orders, namely the unity between these two complex systems - the natural and artificial ones, according to Christopher Alexander, it is necessary to make transition of the principles from a well functioning system, the nature, into the artificial system. This paper explores the connection of the "nature of order" that is to say the "fifteen properties" of Christopher Alexander with the methods of generative design, in parallel search for correlation in the nature. The rules are associated with the methods of self-organization and evolution methods being the primary methods of generative design.
Textile architecture: Exploring the potential of fiber assemblies and their application in architecture
Authors: Cerović Milutin
Published: July 2021

This paper explores the relationship between textile materials and architecture, and how this relationship changes through collaboration between textile engineers and architects. Rather than evanescent matter and structurally insufficient building material, textile may be observed as a large number of fibers organized into coherent and flexible structures which are permeable by air, water or adjustable to human body and its activities. Certain textile properties have always been a matter of interest for architects and have always offered both an intriguing metaphor and an operative device for architecture throughout its history. Today, textile materials in combination with software, robotics and sensorial devices provide for the renewed inters in adaptable form of architecture and the ability of the built environment to react according to contextual changes. This study examines structural characteristics at the material level and explores further into the constructions of fiber assemblies. The aim is to represent textile as a new material which application and implementation in architecture can influence development of new ideas in creating aesthetic and cultural context.
Stress and importance of psychological preparation of firefighters
Authors: Živković Snežana , Veljković Milan
Published: July 2021

A firefighter career is one of the most demanding in the world. Everyday effort and stress, as well as the dangers of this profession, make it one of the most difficult occupations. Firefighters are exposed to various sources of stress that can cause certain psychological issues. Indicators of stress in firefighters can be classified into physical, emotional and behavioral. There are various ways to prevent the occurrence of stress, as well as how to reduce the effects of stress if it occurs. Significant factors affecting the effectiveness of firefighters during intervention are firefighting equipment, techniques and tactics. However, if the firefighter is not mentally prepared, motivated and trained, the outcome of firefighting intervention could be unpredictable. Therefore, the role of the psychologist is to provide psychological assistance to firefighters after difficult interventions.
Safety and mental health of employees during COVID-19 pandemic: Medical and legal aspect
Authors: Sibinović Vladica , Ilić-Petković Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

Supporting mental health has nowadays become the main concern of employers since a growing number of employees is facing the problem of anxiety, loneliness, depression and the like. These problems were particularly emphasized with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. In significantly changed working conditions around the world, employees and employers have faced mental health problems that are related to numerous stressors and factors related to the pandemic. Given the circumstances, the question is how to protect the mental health of employees in order to preserve their productiveness and well-being after the crisis. The legal system has a very important role in this process, especially the regulations concerning occupational safety and health and labor law in general because it sets the framework which enables the subjects of employment to maneuver their rights and obligations during the pandemic. Therefore, this framework is a key element in taking occupational safety measures in order to preserve the mental health of employees.
Los espectros del ser entre Heidegger y Derrida
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Pablo Bernardo
Published: July 2021

En este texto se lleva a cabo una lectura de la obra de Martin Heidegger y Jacques Derrida tomando como eje la noción de “espectralidad”. Se comprueba cómo ambos autores comprenden el pasado como aquello que debe ser herededado desde la creación y no simplemente como algo que se recibiría pasiva o mecánicamente. El espectro, por tanto, es este “origen” que “no es” y que se entrega como porvenir, como tarea. Sin embargo, es precisamente esta coincidencia la que distancia absolutamente el pensamiento de Derrida de la experiencia heideggeriana de la imposibilidad del espectro, es decir, de la aporía de su identidad.
Una teoría holista para la medicina
Authors: Federico Lucía
Published: July 2021

A partir del derrotero presentado en Saborido (2020), el presente artículo se propone profundizar en dos cuestiones claves que allí se desarrollan. La discusión alrededor de la dicotomía naturalismo/holismo, de manera de delimitar el campo de controversias. En segundo lugar, la distinción entre los aspectos científicos y tecnológicos de la medicina. El ahondar en ambos puntos nos permitirá plantear una alternativa metateórica de medicina holista, acompañando la propuesta del autor. Por último, presentaremos algunas conclusiones de carácter propositivo, que esperamos enriquezcan los aportes efectuados por el libro.
Caminar de cabeza.
Authors: Del Buey Cañas Ramón
Published: July 2021

En Filósofos de paseo, Ramón del Castillo analiza la relación entre pensar y caminar a partir de los casos de estudio representados por nueve filósofos y escritores: Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche,  Heidegger, Adorno, Wittgenstein, Sartre, Fowles y Walser. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto examinar esta aproximación y aportar una serie de comentarios críticos al respecto. Para ello, expondré las ideas principales de cada capítulo del libro, y examinaré las hipótesis de lectura que estos proponen. En paralelo, realizaré consideraciones valorativas a propósito de dichas reflexiones, y argumentaré mi posición con respecto a las tesis sostenidas en la obra en cuestión.
Masculinidades y diferencia de género en Higiene del matrimonio de Pedro Felipe Monlau (1853): una construcción entre los nuevos saberes científicos y la moral católica
Authors: Walin Marie
Published: July 2021

El libro Higiene del matrimonio (1853) del higienista catalán Pedro Felipe Monlau fue uno de los manuales de higiene conyugal más conocidos en España y en toda Europa en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Obra pionera, fue una de las primeras publicaciones higienistas destinada a un público no especializado para difundir las normas de una sexualidad «buena» y «sana». En este artículo estudiamos el discurso de Monlau sobre las masculinidades y la diferencia sexual, analizando la influencia del catolicismo y de los estereotipos de género sobre su construcción. Dándole la vuelta a la perspectiva del autor, demostraremos cómo los cuerpos están leídos a partir del género, más bien que considerarlos como una prueba evidente de la jerarquía de género. La comparación con la traducción del médico francés Pierre Garnier en la editorial de los hermanos Garnier en 1880, que participó en gran medida de la fama del libro, nos permitirá reflexionar sobre el lugar de la religión en la construcción de una modernidad científica en el último tercio del siglo XIX.
Reseña: Varela Suanzes-Carpegna, Joaquín: Historia Constitucional de España. Normas, instituciones, doctrinas
Authors: Carbajosa Aguilera Manuel
Published: July 2021

Reseña: Varela Suanzes-Carpegna, Joaquín: Historia Constitucional de España. Normas, instituciones, doctrinas. Madrid, Marcial Pons Historia, 2020. 720 pp. ISBN: 978-84-17945-04-6.
Reseña: Cruz Romeo, María, Pilar Salomón, María & Tabanera, Nuria (eds.): Católicos, Reaccionarios y Nacionalistas. Política e identidad nacional en Europa y América Latina Contemporáneas
Authors: Dos Santos Javier M.
Published: July 2021

Reseña: Cruz Romeo, María, Pilar Salomón, María & Tabanera, Nuria (eds.): Católicos, Reaccionarios y Nacionalistas. Política e identidad nacional en Europa y América Latina Contemporáneas. Granada, Comares Historia, 2021, 242 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1369-141-1.
Human Factors in Classification and Certification
Authors: Card James C. , Baker Clifford C. , McSweeney Kevin P. , McCafferty Denise B.
Published: July 2021

Since the 18th century, Classification Societies have served the public interest by promoting the security of life, property, and the natural environment. This has been accomplished primarily through the development and verification of standards for the design, construction, and maintenance of marine facilities, however, new insights gained over the past decade have motivated maritime safety organizations to better address the contribution of the human element to maritime casualties and accidents.
A Study on Hydrodynamics for a High Speed LNGC with High Block Coefficient
Authors: Park Hyung-Gil , Paik Kwang-Jun
Published: July 2021

An ultra large size and high speed LNGC according to demands in rapid expansion of LNG market has been developed at Samsung Heavy Industries Company. For economic operation, a much higher block coefficient than that of LNGCs which have been built worldwide was considered. To overcome hydrodynamic difficulties due to the high block coefficient and high speed, a series of optimizations of hull form and propeller by CFD analysis and model tests were performed. This paper describes the optimization of the next generation LNGC from the hydrodynamic point of view.
Managing Risk in the new LNG Environment
Authors: Koren Jan Vilhelm , Clifton-Samuel Jason
Published: July 2021

The scene of the well established and conservative LNG shipping segment is now changing rapidly, introducing a number of new elements, in addition to the traditional special characteristics. This paper is dealing with main challenges essential for continued good economical and safety performance.