FRI205 Splenic Infarct: A Rare Presentation Of Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Virella Geover 
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: G. Virella: None.

Splenic Infarct: A Rare Presentation of Cushing Syndrome    Geover, Virella M.D. 1,2, Carlos Santiago Botero Suarez, M.D.1,2, Alfredo Palomino Abella, M.D. 1,2, Mustafa Kinaan, M.D. 1,2  1) University of Central Florida HCA Healthcare GME, Greater Orlando, Florida2) Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida  Disclaimer: This research was supported (in whole or in part) by HCA Healthcare and/or an HCA Healthcare affiliated entity. The views expressed in this publication represent those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of HCA Healthcare or any of its affiliated entities.Introduction Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is associated with a hypercoagulable state leading to increased incidence of thromboembolic events. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is due to an imbalance between activity of pro- and anticoagulant pathways. We report a case of newly diagnosed CS in a patient presenting with acute splenic and inferior vena cava (IVC) infarcts.  Case Description A 59-year-old woman with no significant medical history presents with acute left upper quadrant pain.  She denied other symptoms. Physical examination was remarkable for tachycardia, left upper quadrant tenderness, and centripetal adiposity with BMI of 19. Labs showed marked leukocytosis (WBC 26 x 109/L) and thrombocytopenia (platelet 96,000 cells/uL). She was also found to be diabetic (HgA1C 12.5%). Abdominal CT imaging showed a wedge-shaped 4.3 x 3.1 x 2.3 cm splenic infarction, peri-splenic abscess, and thrombosis of the left renal and gonadal veins extending into the IVC. Additionally, there was a left adrenal incidentaloma measuring 4.5 x 3.8 x 2.9 cm. MRI of the left adrenal gland was consistent with an adenoma. The right adrenal gland was unremarkable. Screening for pheochromocytoma and hyperaldosteronism was normal. A morning serum cortisol was 33.4 mcg/dL, and ACTH level of &lt; 1.5 pg/mL. An overnight 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test revealed post-dexamethasone cortisol of 4.58 mcg/dL. These findings were consistent with Cushing syndrome secondary to adrenal cause. The patient was initially treated with heparin infusion and underwent a successful thrombectomy of the IVC and gonadal vein. She later underwent a successful laparoscopic left adrenalectomy and splenectomy. Pathology reports confirmed an adrenocortical adenoma.  A random post-surgical cortisol was 22.8. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged home with outpatient endocrine follow-up planned to evaluate for hypercortisolism resolution and management of diabetes. Conclusion Cushing Syndrome patients have been shown to have an almost 18-fold higher rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This is an often-overlooked complication of hypercortisolism. The pathogenesis is not fully understood but is believed to be related to shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), increased clot lysis time, and glucocorticoid-induced increase in procoagulant factors such as fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII. Our case will closely demonstrate the link between hypercortisolism and hypercoagulability.

Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023