bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan: Pendekatan Fraud Pentagon Theory
Authors: Ratnasari Estu , Solikhah Badingatus
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study aims to test the fraud pentagon theory in detecting fraudulent financial statements. It consisting of three variables from the pressure component, e.g., financial target, financial stability, and external pressure. Others, two variables from the opportunity component (effectivity monitoring and external auditor quality), one variable from the rationalization component (changes in auditor), two variables from the competency component (change of directors and board members with international experience), as well as one variable from the arrogance component (CEO duality). The research population was banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2017. Data analysis tool used is panel data regression using the program EViews 9. The results of the study show that financial stability has a negative and significant effect on fraudulent financial statements. Meanwhile, financial target, external pressure, effectivity monitoring, external auditor quality, changes in auditor, change of directors, board members with international experience, and CEO duality  doesn’t effect on fraudulent financial statements. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji teori fraud pentagon dalam mendeteksi kecurangan laporan keuangan. Terdiri dari tiga variabel komponen tekanan yaitu target keuangan, stabilitas keuangan, dan tekanan eksternal. Selain itu, dua variabel dari komponen kesempatan (efektivitas pengawasan dan kualitas auditor eksternal), satu variabel dari komponen rasionalisasi (pergantian auditor), dua variabel dari komponen kompetensi (pergantian direksi dan pengalaman internasional anggota dewan), serta satu variabel dari komponen arogansi (CEO duality). Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2015-2017. Alat analisis data yang digunakan yaitu regresi data panel dengan menggunakan program Eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas keuangan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Sementara itu, target keuangan, tekanan eksternal, efektivitas pengawasan, kualitas auditor eksternal, pergantian auditor, pergatian direksi, pengalaman internasional anggota dewan, dan CEO duality tidak berpengaruh terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan.
¿Cómo nos construimos desde la memoria?
Authors: Ortiz Zambrano Gabriela Belén
Published: October 2019

El presente ensayo reflexionar sobre el proceso que mis estudiantes realizaron en el transcurso de la lectura, escritura y análisis en base a la resolución de la pregunta: ¿Quiénes fueron mis antepasados? El presente texto,  se detiene en dos momentos. El primero, explica cómo la memoria colectiva desde el encuentro de los distintos testimonios se constituye, y a la vez, compone al colectivo de adolescentes desde sus hallazgos. En el segundo momento de análisis, nos concentramos en cómo ellos se piensan y reconstruyen al haber trabajado este pasado “otro” desde su propia memoria y la de sus familiares.
ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL COLORING BATIK
Authors: Hastuti Theresia Dwi , Sihombing Ranto P
Published: October 2019

Currently, batik with natural coloring in various regions in Indonesia is much sought and developed.  The ability of business management to be one of the keys to develop the business of natural staining batik. The natural coloring process is longer than synthetic coloring. The process of making the coloring compositions also requires a lot of trials to get the colors that match the desired ones. In the other side, natural coloring batik also has a specific market.  This research will trace and reveal facts of the process of natural batik business management. The result is (1) Natural batik business has a progressive grow because the process of innovation done by owners in several ways. (2) The cultural development of batik is carried out by all types of entrepreneurship, and the process depends on the vision possessed by the business owner and his entrepreneurial spirit. The development of local and national culture was done through keeping the batik design and batik patterns of the ancestral heritage, Involving the expert craftsmen from generation to generation and developing batik motifs and patterns  (3). Awareness of preserving the environment by batik entrepreneurs comes along with the processing of natural batik coloring itself.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNAL BRAND MANAGEMENT WITH BRAND TRUST, BRAND CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR, AND INTENTION TO STAY
Authors: Handayani Nurina Putri , Herwany Aldrin , Handayani Dewi Wahyu
Published: October 2019

This paper attempts to provide an understanding of employee behavior among gen Y known as millennial workers in banking industry. This study provides insights into how internal brand management, brand commitment, job satisfaction shape brand trust, brand citizenship behavior, and intention to stay. Data were collected from 635 employees of public banking in Indonesia. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the model and the hypotheses. Findings reveal that internal brand management has a significant effect on brand commitment and job satisfaction. This study also found that brand commitment has strong impact on brand trust and brand citizenship behavior. Then, job satisfaction has significant effect on brand citizenship behavior intention to stay. The distinct of this study is the integration of brand commitment and job satisfaction for its effect on brand trust, brand citizenship behavior, and intention to stay of employees as well providing empirical support for their relationship within the context of banking industry.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCE, WORK ENVIRONMENT, AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE STAFF OF THE REGIONAL CIVIL SERVICE AGENCY IN MALANG CITY
Authors: Prabowo Bambang Hadi , Puspaningtyas Meinarti , Murniati Murniati
Published: October 2019

This study was aimed at finding out the influence, both simultaneously and partially, of the variables ‘competence, work environment, and work discipline’ on the performance of the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City and finding out the most dominant between the variables ‘competence, work environment, and work discipline’ in influencing the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City. The variables in this study consisted of independent variables: competence, work environment, and work discipline, while the dependent variable is the performance of the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City. The population was all staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City as many as 110 people. The sample was taken using an accidental sampling technique, namely a paired sample, so the study sample was 110 people. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the variables ‘competence, work environment, and work discipline’ are simultaneously proved to influence the performance of the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City and the three variables cannot be separated from each other and are a unified whole in supporting the staff performance with a contribution of 68.8%, while the remaining 31.2% were influenced by other variables not included in this study. Meanwhile, separately, the three variables are proved, partially/individually, to have a significant influence on the performance of the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City. Of the three independent variables ‘competence, work environment, and work discipline’, the one has the most dominant influence on the performance of the staff of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Malang City is the variable ‘competence.’ The purpose of employee performance appraisal is to provide feedback to employees to improve their performance and increase organizational productivity.
Refugees in Germany: Amongst Culture of Welcome and Xenophobia
Authors: Marek Sophia
Published: October 2019

The refugee crisis in Germany is a part of the European migrant crisis in connection with the immigration of high numbers of people arriving in the European Union (EU) from across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. This period reached its’ summit in 2015/2016 with over a million protection seekers arriving in Germany.The high influx of protection seekers in such a short time has caused a social debate in Germany on how to handle the high numbers of immigrants and arrange the political asylum. There are different views on the reception of migrants that range from the culture of welcome to xenophobia. This can be observed in the society, where a part of the population gets involved with the refugees’ integration, whereas another (increasing) part foments anti-immigrant sentiments. Between those beliefs, many different attitudes and behaviors towards refugees can be found.This article discusses the situation of refugees and asylum seekers in Germany, concerning the divided opinions reaching from a culture of welcome to xenophobia. It addresses the transformation that Germany is currently undergoing and gives several examples of incidents of and against refugees that affect the mindset of the German population.
Penyuluhan Hukum Perkawinan Hindu Sebagai Strategi Menuju Desa Sadar Hukum
Authors: Gelgel I Putu , Sastra Wibawa I Putu
Published: October 2019

Legal awareness of Hindu marriage law that has not been maximal is a problem for the community in Tista Village, Busung Biu Subdistrict, Buleleng Regency. One of the strategies to increase the legal awareness of Tista Village community especially in understanding Hindu marriage law through legal education is done to achieve maximal legal awareness of the community. The Community Service Team succeeded in providing an understanding to the public about the importance of knowing the law of Hindu marriage. Hindu marriage counseling activities by combining lecture and case-case models can be a model of future counseling by no longer doing legal counseling with lecture models only.
MENELUSURI KEBERADAAN JARINGAN IRIGASI SUBAK DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: INDRIANI MADE NOVIA , MAHAPATNI IDA AYU PUTU SRI , WIDNYANA I NYOMAN SUTA , LAINTARAWAN I PUTU
Published: October 2019

Keberadaan subak di Bali sebagai sistem pengaturan air secara tradisional sudah berusia ribuan tahun. Pada era sekarang yang cenderung berkutat dengan berbagai teknologi terkini mungkin jarang sekali yang mengetahui dan paham mengenai subak atau irigasi tradisional Bali tersebut. Subak merupakan sistem pengelolaan pendistribusian aliran irigasi pertanian khas masyarakat Bali dan terbukti mampu meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian masyarakat Bali. Melalui sistem subak ini para petani mendapatkan jatah air sesuai ketentuan yang diputuskan dalam musyawarah warga. Pengabdian menelusuri keberadaaan jaringan irigasi subak di Kota Denpasar, dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan jaringan irigasi subak serta keberlanjutan pengelolaan jaringan irigasi subak di kota Denpasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk membuat deskripsi atau gambaran secara sistematik agar dapat mencapai sasaran yang telah ditetapkan, melalui suatu alur pemikiran yang logis dan sistematis. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan antara lain melalui telaah referensi maupun pengumpulan data-data sekunder yang diperoleh dari instansi-instansi pemerintahan mengenai informasi subak di kota Denpasar. Sedangkan data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan pengamatan atau observasi di lapangan, survey pengukuran dan juga melalui proses wawancara kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat langsung mengenai jaringan irigasi subak di wilayah kota Denpasar. Adapun anggota khalayak yang dilibatkan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini antara lain klian subak/ pekaseh, serta krama subak atau anggota subak sebagai sumber informasi yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan survey secara langsung di lapangan. Hasil pengumpulan data/ inventarisasi tersebut serta telaah mengenai keberlanjutan pengaturan air irigasi berdasarkan data existing yang sudah terkumpul  kemudian diserahkan kepada masyarakat, pengurus subak serta pihak atau instansi terkait pemerintah  kota Denpasar. Keberadaan sistem jaringan irigasi subak di kota Denpasar saat ini dengan kondisi baik relatif lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan kondisi rusak ringan berat, rusak sedang dan rusak ringan. Sehingga untuk  keberlanjutan pengelolaan jaringan irigasi subak  di kota Denpasar, diperlukan kerjasama dari pihak-pihak yang terkait untuk melakukan kegiatan pencegahan, pemeliharaan serta pengelolaan jaringan irigasi subak dengan baik.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMASARAN PRODUK DAN PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN PEMBUKUAN PADA KELOMPOK PEMBUAT MINYAK TANUSAN DI DESA DUDA TIMUR KECAMATAN SELAT KARANGASEM
Authors: SUMADI NI KOMANG , WULANDARI NI LUH ADISTI ABIYOGA , SUDIANA I WAYAN , NDRASWARAWATI SANG AYU PUTU  ARIE , KUSUMAWATI NI PUTU AYU , PUTRA COKORDA BAYU
Published: October 2019

The Karangasem Strait sub-district, precisely in Duda Timur Village, is a sub-district seen from the perspective of its livelihood, with the majority of the population working as farmers. The majority of the plantation products are salak and head. Aside from being a farmer, some households use their plantation products as business land to be able to supplement their income, one of which is to use coconuts produced from plantations as Tanusan Oil. Tanusan oil is one of the traditionally made oils. This tanusan oil is still in great demand by the people in Bali because by cooking using tanusan oil the cuisine becomes more delicious and tasty. The business of the tanusan oil maker group still has not applied marketing management in its business processes so that the marketing method is only done by entrusting the products produced in stalls and according to order and so the bookkeeping has not been implemented in running its business so that it cannot know exactly how advantages and disadvantages clearly obtained. To help overcome these problems, we provide assistance in the field of marketing and simple bookkeeping so that in the future continuity of business can compete in the future. The results achieved in this community service are that this group of tanusan oil makers has been able to recommend its products to a wider market share and has been able to also do bookkeeping in a simple way.
El fanzine como fenómeno cultural en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Martín del Campo Jiménez Juan Alberto
Published: October 2019

El fanzine en la Ciudad de México cobró mucha fuerza en los años ochentas del siglo XX, era considerado un producto subversivo, abyecto y subterráneo. Actualmente forma parte de la cultura visual como un escaparate donde muchos jóvenes encuentran maneras de promover su trabajo como creadores, les permite identificarse, crear espacios de afinidad y convivencia. Ya no se trata de una manifestación exclusivamente contracultural sino una herramienta experimental y una plataforma creativa para la ilustración y las artes visuales.
FOSTERING PEACE CULTURE BY INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE IN EDUCATION
Authors: Arroio Agnaldo
Published: October 2019

This manuscript wishes to discuss something that could be considered the oldest and the newest of themes: Peace. Peace is not just the absence of war. It may be that in your country or region there is no armed conflict. But is there peace? But then what does living in peace mean if it is not just the absence of war or conflict? It is living together with each other's differences - gender, ethnicity, language, religion and culture - while nurturing universal respect for justice and human rights is shared and coexistence based. In this sense, peace is permanently under construction and needs the participation of all, as it is the choice that encompasses sincere dialogue with other individuals and communities. And here we have a key role for education in promoting a culture of peace, from young children to adult.
EXPLORING THE LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF PRE-SERVICE SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION
Authors: Horishna Nadiia , Slozanska Hanna , Soroka Olha , Romanovska Lyudmila
Published: October 2019

The importance of leadership is discussed widely in the social work literature. However, little is known about the leadership skills of social work students and factors affecting their development in the environment specific to higher educational institutions (HEIs). This research aimed to find out what skills pre-service social work students had related to leadership and to determine if significant differences existed in terms of such predictor variables as level and form of study, employment status, and involvement in co-curricular activities. The research employed the quantitative approach based on a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving a sample of 158 social work students from three Ukrainian universities. The research group consisted of 88% female and 12% male respondents, aged between 19 and 31. Data were obtained through the Student Leadership Outcomes Inventory, which contained 60 items measuring skills on 8 scales: (a) self-management, (b) interpersonal communication, (c) problem-solving and decision-making, (e) cognitive development and critical analysis, (f) organization and planning, (g) self-confidence, (h) diversity awareness, and (h) technology which served as outcome variables. All items were rated along a 5-point Likert scale, from poor (1) to excellent (5). The results of the research revealed lower than average levels of leadership skills and existing significant differences by outcome variables for the sample population. The findings suggest the need to strengthen the leadership skills of social work students through the implementation of formal and informal developmental activities and recognition of leadership participation within the social work curriculum. Keywords: descriptive cross-sectional survey, leadership development, leadership skills, pre-service social work students, social work.
CONFRONTING EFFECT OF ONLINE TEACHER AND PEER FEEDBACK ON THE STUDENTS’ WRITING PERFORMANCE
Authors: Saiful Saiful , Dwi Wihastyanang Wardani , Sulistyo Gunadi Harry , Mukminatien Nur
Published: October 2019

This research explored the combination of these three aspects, namely: teacher feedback, peer feedback, and Schoology, and looked at the effect on the students’ writing performance. Schoology is an online learning management system (LMS) that is used as the platform of online feedback. The problem mainly focuses on the explored effect of online teacher and peer feedback provided through Schoology on the students’ writing performance. A total of 70 students were assigned as the participants of the research. The students in the experimental group experienced having teacher and peer feedback provided through Schoology; meanwhile, the students in the control group experienced having conventional teacher feedback. The data were collected based on the students’ writing performance in pre-test and posttest as well as the results of questionnaire on the students’ perception towards the experimental condition. Then, data analysis was done step by step by comparing the pretest scores at the initial stage which was followed by comparing the posttest scores.
The result of this research revealed that the students who experienced having teacher and peer feedback provided through Schoology did not perform better in writing than those who experienced having conventional teacher feedback.
Keywords: teacher feedback, peer feedback, Schoology, students’ writing performance.
Domates bakteriyel kanser ve solgunluk hastalığı etmeni Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis’in tohumda aranması ve tohum uygulamalarının patojen gelişimine etkisinin belirlenmesi
Authors: HORUZ Sümer , TİRENG KARUT Şebnem , AYSAN Yeşim
Published: October 2019

Tohum kökenli Clavibacter michiganensis
subsp. michiganensis (Cmm)
adlı bakteri, domateste bakteriyel kanser ve solgunluk hastalığına neden olur.
Bu hastalık hem seralarda hem de tarlada yetiştirilen domateslerde tüm dünyada
ciddi kayıplar oluşturmaktadır. Hastalığa karşı etkin bir mücadele yöntemi
bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amaçlarından biri ülkemizde kullanılan 41 adet ticari
domates tohumlarında patojen Cmm
varlığının fidede belirti izleme, tohum çalkalama suyundan King B ve SCM besi yerlerine
ekim ile bakteri izolasyonu yapılarak türe spesifik ELISA ve BIO-PCR
yöntemleriyle tespit etmektir. İkinci amacı ise, tohum
kökenli inokulumun yok edilmesi veya azaltılmasında kullanılabilecek farklı
tohum uygulamalarının etkinliklerini belirlemektir. Tohum uygulaması olarak
antagonist bakteri, Serenade, ISR 2000, sodyum hipoklorit, üzüm sirkesi, elma
sirkesi, sıcak su ve laktik asitin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tohum çalkalama
suyundan yapılan ELISA testlerinde bir adet tohum partisinde (tohum partisi 13)
ve SCM besiyerinde gelişen bakterilerin toplanmasıyla yapılan ELISA testlerinde
iki farklı tohum partisinde (tohum partisi 6 ve 13) Cmm bulaşıklılığı saptanmıştır. Farklı tohum uygulamaları,
tohumdaki bakteri popülasyonunu %77-100, bulaşık tohum sayısını % 31-100
oranında azaltmıştır. Sodyum hipoklorit, üzüm sirkesi, elma sirkesi, sıcak su
ve laktik asit uygulamaları başarılı tohum uygulamaları olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, konvansiyonel ve organik
tarım yetiştiriciliğinde Cmm’e karşı tohum
uygulaması olarak üzüm sirkesi
ve elma sirkesi uygulamalarının kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Gilles Deleuze: Philosophy and Nomadism
Authors: Villani Tiziana
Published: October 2019

In the philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari, nomadism works as an approach to the creation of concepts that favour space: geophilosophy. Nomadism is the way in which one crosses the plane of immanence and the many becomings; in fact, nomadism exceeds the ancient rhetoric of the subject because its disposition belongs to the multiple and to the environment in which it can unfold. In this sense, the disorientation in the present appears less disturbing; it is rather a shift in perspective, certainly difficult to understand in the time in which the mega-machine of power is becoming more and more persecutory. Lines of flight, movements of slippage, becoming-woman, becoming-child, becoming-minor refer not only to the exercise of criticism, but also to the production of assemblages that intend to resist the present.
YEREL KALKINMA AKTÖRLERİNİN YEREL KALKINMA YAKLAŞIMI PERSPEKTİFİNDE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Vedat , ÇELİK EFŞAN Nur
Published: October 2019

Yerel
kalkınma yaklaşımı, yerel kalkınma sürecine katılım gösteren paydaşlarla
yerelde bulunan mevcut kaynakların etkili ve verimli bir şekilde kullanılarak
ortak strateji ve planlar dâhilinde hareket edilmesini gerektirmektedir. Yerel
kalkınmanın sağlanmasında sürece dâhil olan aktörlerin ortak yerel hedefler
belirleyerek bu hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesinde aralarında koordinasyon
sağlaması gerekmektedir. Yerel kalkınma aktörleri yerelde girişimciliği
arttıran, yatırımların önünü açan, işsizliği azaltan ya da önleyen, yereldeki
fiziki, ekonomik ve sosyal kaynakları planlayarak kalkınma sürecinde
değerlendiren paydaşlar olarak yerelde yatırım sinerjisi oluşturmaktadır. Yerel
kararların alınması sürecinde katılımcılık ve demokrasi kültürünü geliştiren bu
aktörlerin yapısı ve ortaya çıkışının ele alındığı bu çalışmanın amacı yerel
kalkınma aktörlerinin yerelin kalkınma sürecindeki etkilerini açığa
çıkarmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmada, literatür taraması yazınsal ve görsel kaynakların incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Ecotone Dynamics and Stability from Soil Perspective: Forest-Agriculture Land Transition
Authors: Danso Marfo Theodore , Datta Rahul , Vranová Valerie , Ekielski Adam
Published: October 2019

Topographic and edaphic gradients usually arrange ecotonal boundaries. Although the interrelationships between vegetation and edaphic factors are relevant in most types of ecotones, they are not adequately documented. The clearly defined forest-agriculture land ecotone at the Proklest experimental site of the Training Forest Enterprise (T.F.E), Masaryk Forest Křtiny, Czech Republic presents an opportunity to investigate these inter-relationships. Our aim was to determine ecotone effects reflected by changes in soil reaction and other soil physical properties across this clearly defined forest-agriculture land ecotone. We selected eleven sampling spots: four in the forest zone, four in the agriculture land, and three in the ecotone zone between the forest and agriculture land. Every month from April to November, soil samples were collected at a depth of 5 cm. All the soil samples collected were examined for minimal air capacity, actual and potential soil reaction, and maximum capillary water capacity. The forest soil was slightly more acidic when compared to the agriculture soil, with the ecotone zone recording the lowest pH value. The maximum capillary water capacity was higher in the forest region than in the agriculture land with a sharp decline in the ecotone zone where the lowest value was recorded. The minimum air capacity was much higher in the forest region than in the agriculture land. There was a marked decline in the ecotone region where the lowest value was observed. Our results highlight the importance of soil as a factor affecting the distribution of plant communities along ecotones.
Man-Machine-Interface Software Design of a Cotton Harvester Yield Monitor Calibration System
Authors: Pelletier Mathew G. , Wanjura John D. , Holt Greg A.
Published: October 2019

Several yield monitors are available for use on cotton harvesters, but none are able to maintain yield measurement accuracy across cultivars and field conditions that vary spatially and/or temporally. Thus, the utility of yield monitors as tools for on-farm research is limited unless steps are taken to calibrate the systems as cultivars and conditions change. This technical note details the man-machine-interface software system design portion of a harvester-based yield monitor calibration system for basket-type cotton strippers. The system was based upon the use of pressure sensors to measure the weight of the basket by monitoring the static pressure in the hydraulic lift cylinder circuit. To ensure accurate weighing, the system automatically lifted the basket to a target lift height, allowed basket time to settle, then weighed the contents of the basket. The software running the system was split into two parts that were run on an embedded low-level micro-controller, and a mobile computer located in the harvester cab. The system was field tested under commercial conditions and found to measure basket load weights within 2.5% of the reference scale. As such, the system was proven to be capable of providing an on-board auto-correction to a yield monitor for use in multi-variety field trials.
Changes in the Chemical Composition of Six Lettuce Cultivars (Lactuca sativa L.) in Response to Biofortification with Iodine and Selenium Combined with Salicylic Acid Application
Authors: Smoleń Sylwester , Kowalska Iwona , Kováčik Peter , Sady Włodzimierz , Grzanka Marlena , Kutman Umit Baris
Published: October 2019

A two-year greenhouse study was conducted to assess the effects of the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3), and salicylic acid (SA) in nutrient solutions on the chemical composition of six lettuce cultivars, i.e., two butterhead lettuces (BUTL), “Cud Voorburgu” and “Zimująca”; two iceberg lettuces (ICEL), “Maugli” and “Królowa lata”; and two Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L. (REDL) cultivars, “Lollorossa” and “Redin”, grown in the NFT (nutrient film technique) system. The treatments were as follows: control, I+Se, I+Se+0.1 mg SA dm−3, I+Se+1.0 mg SA dm−3, and I+Se+10.0 mg SA dm−3. KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I dm−3, while Na2SeO3 was used at 0.5 mg Se dm−3. The application of I+Se was a mild abiotic stress factor for the plants of the ICEL and REDL cultivars. In contrast, I+Se did not have a negative impact on the BUTLcultivars. The application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all cultivars compared with I+Se. In the majority of the cultivars, the applied combinations of I+Se and I+Se+SA resulted in a reduction in the nitrate(V) content that was beneficial to the consumer and increased levels of sugars, phenols, phenylpropanoids, flavonols, and anthocyanins. In addition, an increase in ascorbic acid content was observed, but only in the BUTL cultivars and REDL “Redin”. The application of I, Se, and SA had upward or downward effects on the concentrations of N, K, P, Ca, Mg, S, Na, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn in the leaves.
Comparison of Methods to Measure Methane for Use in Genetic Evaluation of Dairy Cattle
Authors: Garnsworthy Philip C. , Difford Gareth F. , Bell Matthew J. , Bayat Ali R. , Huhtanen Pekka , Kuhla Björn , Lassen Jan , Peiren Nico , Pszczola Marcin , Sorg Diana. , Visker Marleen H.P.W. , Yan Tianhai
Published: October 2019

Partners in Expert Working Group WG2 of the COST Action METHAGENE have used several methods for measuring methane output by individual dairy cattle under various environmental conditions. Methods included respiration chambers, the sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique, breath sampling during milking or feeding, the GreenFeed system, and the laser methane detector. The aim of the current study was to review and compare the suitability of methods for large-scale measurements of methane output by individual animals, which may be combined with other databases for genetic evaluations. Accuracy, precision and correlation between methods were assessed. Accuracy and precision are important, but data from different sources can be weighted or adjusted when combined if they are suitably correlated with the ‘true’ value. All methods showed high correlations with respiration chambers. Comparisons among alternative methods generally had lower correlations than comparisons with respiration chambers, despite higher numbers of animals and in most cases simultaneous repeated measures per cow per method. Lower correlations could be due to increased variability and imprecision of alternative methods, or maybe different aspects of methane emission are captured using different methods. Results confirm that there is sufficient correlation between methods for measurements from all methods to be combined for international genetic studies and provide a much-needed framework for comparing genetic correlations between methods should these become available.
Effect of Dietary Inulin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Growing–Finishing Pigs
Authors: Wang Weikang , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , Huang Zhiqing , Luo Yuheng , Zheng Ping , Mao Xiangbin , Yu Jie , Luo Junqiu , He Jun
Published: October 2019

Inulin is one of the commercially feasible dietary fibers that has been implicated in regulating the gut health and metabolism of animals. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary inulin supplementation on growth performance and meat quality in growing–finishing pigs. Thirty-six Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire White growing barrows (22.0 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments consisting of a basal control diet (CON) or basal diet supplemented with 0.5% inulin (INU). Results showed that inulin supplementation tended to increase the average daily gain (ADG) at the fattening stage (0.05 < p < 0.10). Inulin significantly increased the dressing percentage (p < 0.05) and tended to increase the loin-eye area. The serum concentrations of insulin and IGF-I were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the INU group than in the CON group. Moreover, inulin supplementation significantly elevated the expression level of myosin heavy chain II b (MyHC IIb) in the longissimus dorsi (p < 0.05). Inulin significantly upregulated the expression of mammalian rapamycin target protein (mTOR) but decreased (p < 0.05) the expression level of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase MuRF-1. These results show the beneficial effect of inulin supplementation on the growth performance and carcass traits in growing–finishing pigs, and will also facilitate the application of inulin in swine production.
Allele Frequency of the C.5G>A Mutation in the PRCD Gene Responsible for Progressive Retinal Atrophy in English Cocker Spaniel Dogs
Authors: Andrade Larissa R. , Caceres Amanda M. , Trecenti Anelize S. , Brandão Claudia Valeria S. , Gandolfi Micaella G. , Aguiar Evian V. , Andrade Danilo G.A. , Borges Alexandre S. , Oliveira-Filho Jose P.
Published: October 2019

Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) due to the c.5G>A mutation in the progressive rod–cone degeneration (PRCD) gene is an important genetic disease in English cocker spaniel (ECS) dogs. Because the prevalence of this disease has not been verified in Brazil, this study aimed to evaluate the allele frequency of the c.5G>A mutation in the PRCD gene. Purified DNA from 220 ECS dogs was used for genotyping, of which 131 were registered from 18 different kennels and 89 were unregistered. A clinical eye examination was performed in 28 of the genotyped animals; 10 were homozygous mutants. DNA fragments containing the mutation region were amplified by PCR and subjected to direct genomic sequencing. The prcd-PRA allele frequency was 25.5%. Among the registered dogs, the allele frequency was 14.9%; among the dogs with no history of registration, the allele frequency was 41%. Visual impairment was observed in 80% (8/10) of the homozygous mutant animals that underwent clinical eye examination. The high mutation frequency found in this study emphasizes the importance of genotyping ECSs as an early diagnostic test, especially as part of an informed breeding program, to avoid clinical cases of PRA.
A Steam Ejector Refrigeration System Powered by Engine Combustion Waste Heat: Part 2. Understanding the Nature of the Shock Wave Structure
Authors: Han Yu , Wang Xiaodong , Guo Lixin , Yuen Anthony Chun Yin , Liu Hengrui , Cao Ruifeng , Wang Cheng , Li Cuiling , Tu Jiyuan , Yeoh Guan Heng
Published: October 2019

In general, engine fuel combustion generates 30% waste heat, which is disposed to the environment. The use of the steam ejector refrigeration to recycle the waste heat and transfer them to useful energy source could be an environmentally friendly solution to such an issue. The steam ejector is the main component of the ejector refrigeration system, which can operate at a low-temperature range. In this article, the internal shock wave structure of the ejector is comprehensively studied through the computation fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The shock wave structure can be subdivided into two regions: firstly the pseudo-shock region consisting of shock train and co-velocity region; secondly the oblique-shock region composed of a single normal shock and a series of oblique shocks. The effect of the shock wave structure on both pumping performance and the critical back pressure were investigated. Numerical predictions indicated that the entrainment ratio is enhanced under two conditions including (i) a longer pseudo-shock region and (ii) when the normal shock wave occurs near the outlet. Furthermore, the system is stabilized as the back pressure and its disturbance is reduced. A critical range of the primary fluid pressure is investigated such that the pumping is effectively optimized.
Modal-Energy-Based Neuro-Controller for Seismic Response Reduction of a Nonlinear Building Structure
Authors: Chang Seongkyu , Sung Deokyong
Published: October 2019

This study presents a neuro-control algorithm based on structural modal energy that outputs an optimal control signal to reduce vibration during earthquakes. The modal energy of a structure is used in the objective function during the training process of a neural network. The modal energy and control signal are then minimized by the proposed neuro-control technique. A three-story nonlinear building was installed with an active mass damper, which was used to verify the applicability of the proposed control algorithm. The El Centro earthquake was adopted to train the modal-energy-based neuro-controller. The six recorded earthquakes were employed to consider unknown earthquake effects after training. The results obtained from the proposed control algorithm were compared with those obtained from a non-controlled response and a multilayer perceptron. The numerical results show that the proposed control algorithm is quite effective in reducing the structural response and modal energy. While nonlinear hysteretic behaviors appear in the non-controlled responses, these nonlinear behaviors almost entirely disappear with control.
Kirchhoff Migration for Identifying Unknown Targets Surrounded by Random Scatterers
Authors: Ahn Chi Young , Ha Taeyoung , Park Won-Kwang
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we take into account a two-dimensional inverse scattering problem for localizing small electromagnetic anomalies when they are surrounded by small, randomly distributed electromagnetic scatterers. Generally, subspace migration is considered to be an improved version of Kirchhoff migration; however, for the problem considered here, simulation results have confirmed that Kirchhoff migration is better than subspace migration, though the reasons for this have not been investigated theoretically. In order to explain theoretical reason, we explored that the imaging function of Kirchhoff migration can be expressed by the size, permittivity, permeability of anomalies and random scatterers, and the Bessel function of the first kind of order zero and one. Considered approach is based on the fact that the far-field pattern can be represented using an asymptotic expansion formula in the presence of such anomalies and random scatterers. We also present results of numerical simulations to validate the discovered imaging function structures.
Light-Activated Zirconium(IV) Phthalocyanine Derivatives Linked to Graphite Oxide Flakes and Discussion on Their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Lukowiak Anna , Gerasymchuk Yuriy , Wedzynska Anna , Tahershamsi Leili , Tomala Robert , Strek Wieslaw , Piatek Dominika , Korona-Glowniak Izabela , Speruda Mateusz , Kedziora Anna , Bugla-Ploskonska Gabriela
Published: October 2019

In search of an effective antibacterial agent that is useful in photodynamic therapy, new derivatives of zirconium(IV) phthalocyanine (ZrPc) complexes were obtained and linked to graphite oxide flakes. In the syntheses of ZrPc derivatives, two bis-axially substituted ligands with terminal amino group and different lengths of linear carbon chain (C4 in 4-aminobutyric acid or C11 in 11-aminoundecanoic acid) were used. The optical properties (absorption and photoluminescence spectra) of ZrPcs and the composites were examined. Broadband red–near-infrared lamp was tested as an external stimulus to activate ZrPcs and the composites. Optical techniques were used to show generation of singlet oxygen during irradiation. Considering the application of graphite oxide-based materials as bacteriostatic photosensitive additives for endodontic treatment of periapical tissue inflammation, the antibacterial activity was determined on one Escherichia coli strain isolated directly from an infected root canal of a human tooth and one strain with silver and antibiotic resistance. Looking at the obtained results, modified levels of activity toward different bacterial strains are discussed.
Research on Virtual Inductive Control Strategy for Direct Current Microgrid with Constant Power Loads
Authors: Cheng Zhiping , Gong Meng , Gao Jinfeng , Li Zhongwen , Si Jikai
Published: October 2019

In order to improve the stability of direct current (DC) microgrid with constant power loads, a novel virtual inductive approach is proposed in this paper. It is known that the negative impedance characteristic of constant power loads will lead to DC bus voltage fluctuation, which will be more serious when they integrate into the DC microgrid though a large transmission line inductive. For the convenience of analysis, a simplified circuit model of the system is obtained by modeling the distributed resources. Unlike the existing control strategies, the proposed control strategy constructs a negative inductance link, which helps to counteract the negative effects of the line inductive between the power source and the transmission line. Detailed performance comparison of the proposed control and virtual capacitance are implemented through MATLAB/simulink simulation. Moreover, the improved performance of the proposed control method has been further validated with several detailed studies. The results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed strategy.
Big and Deep Hype and Hope: On the Special Issue for Deep Learning and Big Data in Healthcare
Authors: Rojo-Álvarez José Luis
Published: October 2019

Deep Learning networks are revolutionizing both the academic and the industrial scenarios of information and communication technologies [...]
Optimal Band Analysis of a Space-Based Multispectral Sensor for Urban Air Pollutant Detection
Authors: He Xiaoyu , Xu Xiaojian , Zheng Zheng
Published: October 2019

Air pollution continues to attract more and more public attention. Space-based infrared sensors provide a measure to monitor air quality in large areas. In this paper, a band selection procedure of space-based infrared sensors is proposed for urban air pollutant detection, in which observation geometry, ground and atmosphere radiant characteristics, and sensor system noise are integrated. The physics-based atmospheric radiative transfer model is reviewed and used to calculate total spectral radiance at the sensor aperture. Spectral filters with different central wavelength and bandwidth are designed to calculate contrasts in various bands, which can be presented as a two-dimensional matrix. Minimal available bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio threshold are set to characterize the impacts of the sensor system. In this way, the band with higher contrast is assumed to have better detection performance. The proposed procedure is implemented to analyze an optimal band for detecting four types of gaseous pollutants and discriminating aerosol particle pollution to demonstrate usefulness. Simulation results show that narrower bands tend to achieve better performance while the optimal band is related to the available minimal bandwidth and pollutant density. In addition, the bands that are near optimal can achieve similar performance.
Increased Expression of RUNX1 in Liver Correlates with NASH Activity Score in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
Authors: Kaur Savneet , Rawal Preety , Siddiqui Hamda , Rohilla Sumati , Sharma Shvetank , Tripathi Dinesh M , Baweja Sukriti , Hassan Mohsin , Vlaic Sebastian , Guthke Reinhard , Thomas Maria , Dayoub Rania , Bihari Chaggan , Sarin Shiv K. , Weiss Thomas S.
Published: October 2019

Given the important role of angiogenesis in liver pathology, the current study investigated the role of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), a regulator of developmental angiogenesis, in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Quantitative RT-PCRs and a transcription factor analysis of angiogenesis-associated differentially expressed genes in liver tissues of healthy controls, patients with steatosis and NASH, indicated a potential role of RUNX1 in NASH. The gene expression of RUNX1 was correlated with histopathological attributes of patients. The protein expression of RUNX1 in liver was studied by immunohistochemistry. To explore the underlying mechanisms, in vitro studies using RUNX1 siRNA and overexpression plasmids were performed in endothelial cells (ECs). RUNX1 expression was significantly correlated with inflammation, fibrosis and NASH activity score in NASH patients. Its expression was conspicuous in liver non-parenchymal cells. In vitro, factors from steatotic hepatocytes and/or VEGF or TGF-β significantly induced the expression of RUNX1 in ECs. RUNX1 regulated the expression of angiogenic and adhesion molecules in ECs, including CCL2, PECAM1 and VCAM1, which was shown by silencing or over-expression of RUNX1. Furthermore, RUNX1 increased the angiogenic activity of ECs. This study reports that steatosis-induced RUNX1 augmented the expression of adhesion and angiogenic molecules and properties in ECs and may be involved in enhancing inflammation and disease severity in NASH.
Increased Expression of Meteorin-Like Hormone in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity and Its Association with Irisin
Authors: AlKhairi Irina , Cherian Preethi , Abu-Farha Mohamed , Madhoun Ashraf Al , Nizam Rasheeba , Melhem Motasem , Jamal Mohamed , Al-Sabah Suleiman , Ali Hamad , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Al-Mulla Fahd , Abubaker Jehad
Published: October 2019

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing pandemic associated with metabolic dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Meteorin-like hormone (METRNL) is an adipomyokine that is linked to T2D. Our objective was to evaluate the changes in METRNL levels in T2D and obesity and assess the association of METRNL levels with irisin. Overall, 228 Arab individuals were enrolled. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were assessed using immunoassay. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were significantly higher in T2D patients than in non-diabetic patients (p < 0.05). When the population was stratified based on obesity, METRNL and irisin levels were significantly higher in obese than in non-obese individuals (p < 0.05). We found a significant positive correlation between METRNL and irisin (r = 0.233 and p = 0.001). Additionally, METRNL and irisin showed significant correlation with various metabolic biomarkers associated with T2D and Obesity. Our data shows elevated METRNL plasma levels in individuals with T2D, further exacerbated with obesity. Additionally, a strong positive association was observed between METRNL and irisin. Further studies are necessary to examine the role of these proteins in T2D and obesity, against their ethnic background and to understand the mechanistic significance of their possible interplay.
Characterization of Polyorganosilazane-Derived Hybrid Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel in Chloride Solution
Authors: Fedel Michele , Rodríguez Gómez Francisco Javier , Rossi Stefano , Deflorian Flavio
Published: October 2019

Polysilazane (PSZ) have been used for many years as precursors for the development of ceramic materials. Recently, hydrocarbon-substituted polysilazane, which is called organopolysilazane (OPSZ), has been proposed as possible alternative to silanes for the corrosion protection of metals by the sol gel route. In this work, polymethyl(hydro)/polydimethylsilazane-derived coatings were deposited on low-carbon steel for corrosion protection purposes. The effect of the OPSZ precursor concentration (10–40 v/v %) in butyl-acetate on the final properties of the coatings was investigated. Coatings in the thickness range of 1 to 3.5 µm were obtained. The experimental results showed that the concentration of OPSZ in the solvent affects the structural properties as well as the dry film thickness of the hybrid layer. In particular, the network arrangement seems to be influenced by the dilution of the OPSZ precursors solution. The electrochemical characterization revealed that a minimum thickness of about 2 to 3 µm is needed to provide the mild steel substrate with enhanced corrosion protection properties compared to the bare substrate. Comparing the obtained results with literature data, it seems that OPSZs are a potential alternative to coatings derived from organisilicon precursors.