bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The status and prospect of mining technology in Vietnam underground coal mines
Authors: DUONG DUC Hai , QUANG Dao Hong , TUREK Marian , KOTERAS Aleksandra
Published: January 2022

Vietnam has the 13th largest hard coal reserves globally, withthe reserves totaling 2.22 billion tonnes, and estimated resources of 4.07billion tonnes. Coal use is playing an increasing role in the energy mix andaccording to current planning, this role is to increase further. In parallelwith the development of the Vietnamese coal sector, underground miningalso underwent many stages of improvements, especially in the last twodecades. This paper analyzes the achievement and the state of the miningtechnology applied into the underground mining by the Vietnam NationalCoal - Mineral Industries Holding Corporation Ltd. (VINACOMIN) during20 year period and proposes the recommendations for the sustainabledevelopment of Vietnam underground mining.
Climatic hazard assessment in selected underground hard coal mines in Vietnam
Authors: QUAN Truong Tien , ŁUCZAK Rafał , ŻYCZKOWSKI Piotr
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the possibility of improving themicroclimate in underground hard coal mines in Vietnam. Vietnameseunderground mines are shallow mines which extract coal depositsaccumulated up to 500 m below ground. According to the currentVietnamese laws, coal deposits can be mined if air temperature does notexceed 30oC, although this rule is not always observed, especially duringsummer. This article analyses the impact of air parameters on the climaticconditions in headings and the use of the air temperature reduction methodin selected underground mines in Vietnam.
A study on relationship of duct leakage and parameters of ducts in Quang Ninh mine
Authors: Phuong Thao Dang , Vu Chi Dang
Published: January 2022

Air leakage of auxiliary ventilation ducting systems is the most commonreason for the insufficient fresh air in the working face in underground mine.This value is important design parameter for mine auxiliary ventilationsystem that operates more effectively, with lower cost.Therefore, determination of air leakage along auxiliary ventilation ductingsystems has been examined. Also, factors which affect air leakage in theducting system have been investigated. Experimental data are made on 0.7m and 1 m diameter ducts over sections of ducts installing towards theworking face in Quang Ninh mine.
Study on the possibility of using artificial pillar to replace the protection coal pillar of the preparation roadways during the mining process at underground coal mines in Quang Ninh region, Vietnam
Authors: Cuong Dinh Van , Thanh Tran Van , Anh Tuan Nguyen
Published: January 2022

The coal reserves in protection pillar of roadways are expected to be left in the mining processin underground mines in Quangninh coal basin which is relatively large (about 16% of the total reserves).If it can be exploited, it will help to save non-renewable coal resources, reduce the cost of preparingroadway meters, extend the mine life and increase the efficiency of construction investment. In the world,in order to reduce coal loss in protection pillar of roadways, mining technology to exploit and use artificialprotection pillars are quite popular. Accordingly, in order to simultaneously exploit coal in the protectionpillar and maintain the transport roadway as a ventilation roadway for the longwall in below level, thepost-mining coal pillar will be replaced by artificial pillars formed from the stone backfill cribs, columns,metal cribs, chemical materials or low-grade concrete mortar mixes formed from fly ash, bottom ash ofthermal power plants, combined crushed waste rock and a cement additive,... This paper will evaluate thepossibility and propose a number of mining technological scheme as well as the type of constructionmaterials suitable for artificial columns.
An approach of mapping quarries in Vietnam using low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: NGUYEN Quoc Long , BUI Xuan Nam , CAO Xuan Cuong , LE Van Canh
Published: January 2022

In Vietnam, there are a huge number of quarries that areexploited and mainly provide materials to the construction sector of thecountry. However, most of the quarries are operating without topographicplans due to a lack of surveying activities. This paper introduces anapproach of using low-cost UAVs to produce digital surface models whichin turn are used to draw topographic maps of quarries in Vietnam. Forassessments of accuracy, safety, and working efficiency, four quarriesdifferent in terrain conditions, namely Luong Son, Long Son, Nui Nho, andNui Dai were selected as the study areas. Ground control points wereestablished in each area by using GNSS/RTK for camera calibration andaccuracy assessment. The accuracy of DSM was assessed using the rootmean-square error (RMSE) in X, Y, Z, XY, and XYZ components.Capturing images from each site were processed by usingAgisoft®PhotoScan Professional 1.5.2. The results showed that all theDSM models of the four areas have high accuracy, RMSE on the checkedGCPs ranges from 1.0 to 9.0 cm, from 1.2 to 5.0 cm, from 4.4 to 13.4 cm,from 1.6 to 10.3 cm, and from 4.9 to 16.9 cm for X, Y, Z, XY, XYZcomponents, respectively. We concluded that the low-cost UAV basedmapping technology can guarantee the accuracy of DSMs, the safety ofUAV flying, and the efficiency of surveying working simultaneously whenusing in quarries.
Zastosowanie kotwi do rozrzedzania obudowy podporowej w warunkach głębokich kopalń węgla kamiennego – studium przypadku
Authors: Rak Zbigniew , Stasica Jerzy
Published: January 2022

Obudowa podporowo-kotwowa jest jedną z niewielu szans na obniżenie kosztówdrążenia wyrobisk przygotowawczych w polskich kopalniach węgla kamiennego. Zastosowanieobudowy kotwowej do wzmacniania górotworu i przykotwiania odrzwi umożliwia zarównozwiększenie podziałki obudowy podporowej, a więc ograniczenie zużycia stali, ale także obniżeniekosztów transportu do przodków, zmniejszenie obciążenia pracą załóg przodkowych i ścianowych.Opisany w artykule eksperyment został zrealizowany w LW Bogdanka S.A. i poległa narekordowym rozrzedzeniu obudowy w warunkach polskich bo aż do 1,5 m. W oparciuo doświadczenia Kopalni oraz analizy i obliczenia dobrano obudowę kotwową złożoną z dwóchsystemów kotwi wklejanych – prętowych i długich kotwi strunowych. Roboty realizowanew przodku były całkowicie zmechanizowane dzięki kombajnowi wyposażonemu w lawetęwiercąco-kotwiącą. W rezultacie osiągnięto postęp dobowy na poziomie 11,5 m na dobę. W trakciedrążenia, jak i utrzymywania wyrobiska przed frontem ściany prowadzono obserwacje i pomiary,które w znacznej mierze potwierdziły słuszność zastosowanej metody zabezpieczenia chodnika.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON BREAST CANCER TUMOR SIZE AT DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Queiroz Andrei Alves de , Badan Gustavo Machado , Moreira Marilucia Batina Fernandes , Machado Amanda Neves
Published: January 2022

Introduction: In 2020, COVID-19 affected the whole world, determining a pandemic situation, with recommendations for social isolation and lockdown. In the state of São Paulo, the shutdown of non-essential services was determined on March 22, 2020. Medical appointments and routine imaging exams were postponedand little is known about the impact on screening delay and the diagnosis of neoplasms. Considering that survival and cure of breast cancer are directly related to an early diagnosis, the size of these malignant tumors can be used in researching the delay in breast cancer diagnoses. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the size of breast cancer in histological diagnosis, as well as on the number of diagnostic procedures performed at our hospital. Methods: Through a retrospective, analytical and crosssectional study, we analyzed data regarding tumors with histological results of malignancy of core needle breast biopsies guided by ultrasound performed at a private hospital in São Paulo between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020. The mean tumor sizes were compared to identify differences between prepandemic and pandemic periods. The prepandemic period (PRE) was established between January 1, 2019 and March 31, 2020, and the pandemic period (PAN) was considered from April 1 to December 31, 2020. Based on the sample size, this study has the power of 80% to detect a variation of 1 cm in the mean tumor size. Results: A total of 493 core needle biopsies were identified in 443 patients. A total of 103 (20.1%) biopsies in 94 patients were malignant. In the PAN group, 36 cases of cancer were diagnosed (4 cases/month), while the PRE group diagnosed 67 cases (4.5 cases/month). The mean size of PRE tumors was 1.66 cm, while in PAN tumors it was 2.21, showing a difference of 0.55 cm without statistical significance (95%CI 0.12–1.21; p=0.12). When considering staging (TNM – Tumor, Node, Metastases), the stages T1, T2 and T3 had no significant difference among the groups (p=0.12). The age at diagnosis of malignant lesions ranged from 30 to 82 years in the PRE period, and from 34 to 85 years in the PAN period. The mean age of patients with malignant lesions diagnosed in PAN was higher than PRE, without statistical significance (59.2 vs 56.0; p=0.30). Despite the fewer biopsies performed in both periods, (p <0.001), there was no statistical difference in the number of biopsies with malignant results (p=0.18), since there were proportionally more diagnoses of malignancy in the PAN period (28.6% vs. 18.3%; RR 1.14; 95%CI 1.01–1.29; p=0.02). Conclusions: Although the pandemic affected breast cancer screening, no statistically significant increase in the mean size of tumors has been diagnosed in this service so far.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA METASTASIS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND: CASE REPORT
Authors: Moreno Marcelo , Oliveira Amauri de , Boff Tália Cássia , Matschinski Gabriela Nogueira , Czarnobai Izadora
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare neoplasm, which represents less than 0.1% of invasive breast cancers. Therefore, it is essential to discriminate between a primary SCC and a metastatic SCC. In order to be considered a primary carcinoma of the breast, a histological examination of the lesion must show more than 90% of squamous neoplastic cells, in addition to the absence of cutaneous SCC or other anatomical sites. Extra-mammary neoplasm metastases are uncommon, representing 0.5% to 2% of breast malignancies. Metastatic SCC in the mammary gland is an uncommon event. To date, only three cases were reported in the literature of secondary involvement of vulvar SCC in the mammary gland. The objective of this work is to report the case of a patient with secondary mammary metastasis to a vulva SCC. Case report: A 74-year-old female patient who underwent radical modified vulvectomy 10 years before. Her pathological stage was characterized as IIIB. For this reason, she was also submitted to adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy associated with radiotherapy to the vulvar region, inguinal lymph node chains and pelvic arteries. On the ninth year of cancer follow-up, she presented recurrence in the vaginal wall. In the complementary image exams, an extentension of neoplasia to pelvic organs was identified, but no distant metastatic lesions were found. She underwent monobloc resection of pelvic organs, with reconstruction of the urinary and intestinal transits. The patient showed a good clinical evolution, with no pelvic complaints. After one year, the patient returned complaining of a nodule in the right breast. On physical examination, a lesion was observed at the junction of the lateral quadrants of the breast, measuring +/- 3.5 cm, with associated inflammatory signs and imprecise limits, with a central region showing a fistulous orifice through which the necrotic material passed. On the mammography, a dense, rounded and partially delimited lesion was identified. She underwent a core biopsy that described a SCC. According to her clinical history, it was considered a remote relapse of the vulvar SCC. The patient was submitted to a quadrantectomy with an ipsilateral axillary lymphadenectomy and reconstruction with a lateral thoracic flap. On an anatomopathological examination there was a description that the neoplasm would invade the underlying muscle tissue; and the resection margins were free. Four out of the fourteen isolated axillary lymph nodes had metastases, without perinodal soft tissue invasion. Six months after breast surgery, the patient evolved metastases to both lungs and soon after she died without response to the systemic treatment employed. This report was approved by the Research Ethics – UFFS (Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul) (number 4.034.565).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND FORM OF DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Moreno Andre , Cola Kimberly Masiero , Heberle Larissa , Moreno Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most incident neoplasia among Brazilian women. According to immunogenetic characteristics, it is possible to verify that malignant breast neoplasms with greater biological activity would be those classified as luminary B, HER2+ and triple-negative, and that the one with the lowest biological activity would be the luminal subtype A. Thus, a mammography would be more likely to detect cancers with a low degree of biological characteristics such as “luminal A”. On the other hand, mammary carcinomas with greater potential for systemic dissemination show faster growth in the breast parenchyma and are detected predominantly by self-examination. Knowledge of this difference in the clinical behavior of mammary malignant neoplasms is important for the diagnosis of “interval” breast cancers, that is, breast cancer that appears in the period between the performance of annual screening mammograms. Objectives: Verify the relationship between immunohistochemical characterization of malignant breast neoplasms and the finding that motivated the medical consultation, in women with breast cancer and residents of Western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, which included women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at an oncology referral center in the city of Chapecó, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from January 2000 to December 2016. Patients that presented medical records whose main complaint was towards the diagnosis of breast cancer were included (example: nodule diagnosed by imaging exams, self-examination, clinical examination). Besides this, the breast injury related to this complaint should have been breast cancer diagnosed by an anatomopathological examination and an immunohistochemistry study. The project was developed in accordance to CEP/UNOCHAPECO no. 1819869. Results: Data from 209 patients were analyzed, from which 83 (39.7%) cases of breast cancer were detected by a mammography examination; 115 (55%) cases by breast self-examination and 11 (5.2%) cases by other forms of examination, which included clinical breast examination done by a doctor, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. The luminal A immunohistochemical profile was more prevalent among patients who underwent breast cancer detection through mammography (62.6%). There was a correlation between lymph node invasion and the screening method, in which 78.6% of cancers detected by self-examination showed expansion to lymph nodes, while those detected by mammography presented an invasion rate of 45.7% (p=0.002). Conclusions: Breast cancer with immunohistochemical characterization, related to greater biological activity, were most often detected by self-examination, while neoplasms with indolent development were diagnosed predominantly by mammography.
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATED AND RESOLUTIVE CARE TO REDUCE THE TIME TO START TREATMENT IN 8,357 BREAST CANCER PATIENTS TREATED BY THE BRAZILIAN UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM (SUS) AT A WOMEN’S HEALTH REFERENCE CENTER (CRSM).
Authors: Oliveira Igor Duarte de , Shida Jorge Yoshinori , Mattar André , Graziani Silvana Maria , Gebrim Luiz Henrique
Published: January 2022

Introduction: In 2021, it is estimated that Brazil will have 66,280 new cases of breast cancer. Unfortunately, around 55% of the cases treated by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) are symptomatic and are in advanced stages. The long time before biopsy and the late start of treatment contribute to the progression of these tumors, with worsening prognosis. In order to reduce the time to start therapy, we implemented a model of integrated multidisciplinar care with high resolution (CARE). Objectives: The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the main barriers and the solutions found to reduce the time of treatment start at the institution, according to Law no. 12,732, which recommends the start of therapy within 60 days of diagnosis, preventing the progression of the disease and reducing mortality. Methods: The information was registered at the Women´s Health Reference Center (CRSM) data colletion system from the first day of care until the start of therapy (surgery or chemotherapy), in a cross-sectional cohort of 8,357 patients from January 2011 to December 2018. Patients referred were seen at CARE and underwent consultation with an anesthesiologist or oncologist in the service having a previous appointment to start treatment. Results: After the integration of anestheologists and clinical oncologists, in 2014, there was a significant reduction (from 55 to 38 days) in the time of treatment start. Discussion: CARE started integrated care with biopsy on the same day as the initial consulation in 2006, reducing returns and time to diagnosis from 90 to 15 days. CRSM serves more than 1,200 new cases/year, about 30% of SUS cases in the city of São Paulo (SP). A 12-week surgical delay for all breast cancer patients from one year (for example in the COVID 19 pandemic) would lead to 1,400 excess deaths in the United Kingdon and 6,100 in the United States, assuming surgery was the first choice of treatment for 83% of the patients. Conclusion: Our experience shows that the training of mastologists to perform a biopsy in the first consultation, that the public/private partnership to obtain the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical results in 15 days and that a multidisciplinary integrated care is possible, allowing the average onset of treatment to be close to 30 days, which may reduce the proportion of advanced cases in SUS.
ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST
Authors: Pratt Sheila Alhana , Sanabria Valeria , Soskin Ana , Rizzi Aurora Rocio , Cabrera Marcos
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Adenoid cystic adenoid carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare variant that occurs in large series only in less than 1% of the patients. It has favorable prognosis and morphological resemblance to tumors originating in the salivary glands. Histopathological diagnosis is based on a mixture of proliferating glands, which correspond to the adenoid component and the replication of the basal membrane in the form of cylinders established by the pseudoglandular component. It usually occurs in adult women. Its form of clinical presentation is a painless breast nodule, located in the retroareolar region, without compromise of skin or nipple secretion, of small size and circumscribed limits. Treatment of ACC is not protocolized, although it is accepted that conservative surgery is applicable in most cases. Our goal is to publicize the clinical case of a patient treated in our service and to show some clinical and histopathological aspects of this same rare pathology. Case report: 63-year-old patient, with no history of cancer in the family, menarche at 16 years of age, three full births, 24 months of lactation, menopause at 46 years of age, no hormone replacement therapy. Hypertensive and diabetic, a right breast nodule was self-detected six months before; slow and painless growth that then fistulizes the skin and is accompanied by serohematic secretion of a gelatinous consistency. On physical examination, a 7 cm nodule is felt in lower quadrants, showing elastic consistency and poorly defined edges. No adenopathies in the armpits or neck. Sectional biopsy performed in another service. Pathological anatomy: differential diagnosis between Cystic Hypersecretory Carcinoma and Cystic Secretory Hyperplasia. With the diagnosis of ACC of the right breast, T2N0Mx stage IIa. Mammography: breasts type b, at the junction of lower quadrants of the right breast, dense delimited mass measuring 5x4 cm, no retraction or skin edema. BIRADS V. Ecograph: A mass located in H6 to 3 cm of the nipple with well delimited edges, with heterogeneous characteristics with liquid and solid areas of 5.71 cm x 4.06 cm. BIRADS V. Extensive resection and sentinel node biopsy is performed. Histopathological result revealed ACC G1 of 5.5 cm with no associated in situ carcinoma. No vascular plungers or perineural invasion are observed. Free surgical limits. pT3 Nx.Mx. Immunohistochemistry: RE-; RP-; HER2-;ki67 <14%. Our case showed a neoplastic proliferation consisting of two types of cavity formation; true glandular lights (adenoid component) and pseudo lumens that produce basal membrane material (cylinder component) with eosinophilic basal membrane material, the adenoid component with basophilic mucin and surrounded by myoepithelial cells. Three negative lymph nodes metastasis. Radiation therapy was decided as an adjuvant treatment.
EXPERIENCE WITH CONTRAST-ENHANCED MAMMOGRAPHY: BREAST CANCER DETECTION IN PATIENTS REFERRED TO PERCUTANEOUS BIOPSIES
Authors: Feld Laila Feld , Andrade Valeska Davi Caldoncelli de , Sondermann Vania Ravizzini Manoel , Santos Rosana de Castro Ribeiro dos , Pasqualette Henrique Alberto
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the Brazilian female population, and it is the most common malignant tumor in women in the world. The only method that has proven to decrease breast cancer mortality is mammography and, therefore, screening programs are based on this test in several countries. However, its sensitivity in the general population ranges from 75% to 80%, being especially lower in the case of dense breasts, more common in young women, ranging from 30% to 48% in this group. The most sensitive method in the detection of breast cancer is magnetic resonance imaging, (80% to 97.8%, according to current studies), due to its ability of studying vascular changes in the tissues. Aiming to combine the morphological study provided by mammography with the analysis of tumor perfusion allowed by studies that use intravenous contrasts, contrast enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) or angiomammography was developed. Objective: Assess whether CEDM is an effective method in the detection of breast cancer, as well as its reliability to rule out the presence of malignancy. Methods: Patients were recruited at the time of attendance to the service for breast percutaneous biopsy of lesions detected on previous mamography and /or ultrassound examinations, previously requested by their physicians. Those who made themselves available to participate in this study did sign the Informed Consent Form (ICF). Patients were submited to bilateral mammographic study in craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique incidences, obtaining low-energy images and recombined high-energy images. Low-energy images, equivalent to digital mammography, were described and classified according to the BI-RADS lexicon. The contrasted studies were described in order to comply with the recommendations of the current literature, observing that, until the present, there is no standardization by BI-RADS for contrast mammography reports. These studies were compared to histopathological findings of biopsies, the gold standard in this study. Results: This is an ongoing investigation. From September 2019 to October 2020, 180 patients underwent CEDM and percutaneous biopsies. 27 had invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) and 10 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS). 26 of the 27 IDC cases and all of the DCIS cases had positive CEDM findings. Among DCIS cases, six had no abnormal enhancement on CEDM, but were evident on a 2D study. The observed sensitivity was 97%. Conclusions: These preliminary results demonstrated that CEDM is a highly sensitive method for breast cancer detection, including for non-invasive lesions. The study is still in progress and further data is needed to describe the benefits of CEDM in breast cancer detection.
STANDARDIZATION OF THE LABORATORY RESEARCH PROTOCOL AND ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST GRANULOMATOUS INJURIES
Authors: Vieira Daniella Serafin Couto , Fernandes Bráulio Leal , Simezo Érica Elaine Traebert , Pereira Amanda Amaro , Scheffer Mara
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Granulomatous breast lesions are multifactorial conditions, with clinical, mammographic, and ultrasound findings like those observed in cases of breast carcinoma. Histological evaluation can present key characteristics to define the lesion pattern. Although this entity is rarely reported in the literature, it is associated with inflammatory conditions such as Ductal Ectasia and foreign body reaction. However, it can also be associated with agents such as bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Furthermore, idiopathic causes and exclusion diagnosis, such as sarcoidosis, can be included in the etiology of the process. Objectives: To establish a correlation between the anatomopathological diagnosis and the laboratory investigation by culture for breast granulomatous lesions diagnosis, with validation of the sample’s analysis protocol. Methods: Samples were selected from 17 women treated at the Mastology Service of a Public Hospital in Brazil, with a history and physical examination that raised suspicion of breast granulomatous lesion and they had previous clinical indication of breast core biopsy. The collection of samples was guided by ultrasonography (USG). In turn, they were stored in a blood culture flask (BD BACTECTM) to perform culture tests by automation (VITEK2), bacterioscopy and fungi exams, and acid resistant bacillus (ARB) tests at the Laboratory of Clinical Analyses. Simultaneously, core biopsy samples, fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, were sent to a Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, for a morphological evaluation and research of ARB, fungi, and other bacteria, using the Ziehl-Nielsen, Grocott, PAS and GRAM histochemical methods. Results: Of the 17 samples, 11 had a chronic inflammatory response pattern with a non-lobulocentric granulomatous reaction component and one of them had a lymphocytic mastitis pattern. The five patients with morphological pattern of lobulocentric granulomatous mastitis presented positive culture, four for Corynebacterium kroppenstedtil, and one for Staphylococcus hominis. Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value in this sample was 100%. Conclusion: The clinical and radiological aspects can bring difficulties that obscure the diagnostic and etiological interpretation of granulomatous lesions. Thus, the morphological details observed in the anatomical pathological examination and the use of the laboratory investigation protocol with standardization of histochemical reactions associated with the use of tools for microbiological diagnosis show increased sensitivity and specificity for the detection of specific etiologic agents in granulomatous mastitis.
EVALUATION OF AGE GROUP OF 11,323 BREAST CANCER PATIENTS TREATED FROM JANUARY 2011 TO DECEMBER 2019 AT PEROLA BYINGTON HOSPITAL
Authors: Veloso Priscilla Maquinêz , Shida Jorge Yoshinori , Gebrim Luiz Henrique , Mattar André
Published: January 2022

Introduction: According to estimates from the Brazilian Department of Health, in 2021 we will see more than 65,000 cases of breast cancer in Brazil. The predominance of advanced cases in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) stems from the long time for diagnosis and treatment of patients and, consequently, leads to a higher mortality rate. There is a lack of data on the age of our patients to establish an adequate coping strategy for the disease and thus reduce mortality in our country. The Department of Health recommends mammography from the age of 50. The Brazilian Society of Mastology (SBM), on the other hand, recommends exams starting at 40. Before that, only for groups at risk. In 2018, there were 2,1 million new cases, equivalent to 11.6% of all estimated cancers. This value corresponds to an estimated risk of 55.2/100 thousand. The highest expected incidence rates were in Australia and New Zealand, in Northern European countries and in Western Europe. Regardless of the country’s socioeconomic situation, the incidence of this cancer ranks among the top positions for female malignancies. On the other hand, there has been a decline in the trend of incidence rates in some developed countries, partly linked to the decrease in hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Objectives: This paper aims to describe treatment of breast cancer according the age group of 11,323 women by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital from January 2011 to December 2019. Methods: A hospital-based observational crosssectional study was carried out, in which the eligible population consisted of 11,323 patients with breast cancer treated by SUS at Pérola Byington Hospital whose data was registered in the data collection system of that hospital. Women under the age of 20 years up to over 80 years were selected. Results: A predominance of the diagnosis was observed in women aged 50 to 59 years (27.91%), followed by patients aged 40 to 49 years (23.90%) and by patients aged 60 to 69 years (22.26%). Women under the age of 20 were diagnosed in 0.06% of cases and over 80 years of age in 4.75%. Conclusions: The diagnosis of breast cancer in women under 40 years of age is rare, representing around 10% of all registered cases. But, when it occurs in this age group, the disease tends to be more aggressive, raising a question of from what age the screening test should be performed.
VACUUM ASSISTED BIOPSY FOR BREAST CARCINOMA DIAGNOSIS: COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Mattar Andre , Amorim Andressa , Sawada Maria Isabela B. A. C. , Shida Jorge , Gebrim Luiz Henrique
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer treatment depends on the diagnostic biopsy and the positivity of the biomarkers. Diagnostic lumpectomy is available in most centers but requires access to the operating room and can cause deformities, has high cost and morbidity. Vacuum assisted biopsy (VAB) is a less invasive and highly accurate alternative for diagnosis besides being a cheaper outpatient procedure. Objectives: To carry out the cost-minimization analysis between a VAB and a lumpectomy. Methods: Assuming that there is no difference in the accuracy between the two procedures, a cost-minimization analysis was performed. A decision tree model was developed considering patients undergoing VAB or lumpectomy. Depending on the result and the procedure performed, the patient may or may not perform a therapeutic lumpectomy. The analysis was based on a retrospective evaluation of 1,833 VABs at Pérola Byington Hospital (PBH), including the pathological results and the proportion of patients requiring a lumpectomy after the procedure. It was analyzed from three perspectives: PBH (direct medical costs), the Braziliain Unified Health System - SUS (Sigtap) and the Brazilian Society (Sigtap and indirect costs). The VAB cost kit (needle, guide clip, marker and reservoir) was estimated in R$ 2,173. The cost of lost productivity was based on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita (R$ 120 per business day). It was considered that a VAB does not require hospitalization and results in two days of absence, while the lumpectomy requires two days of hospitalization and seven days of absence. Results: From HPB perspective, the average total cost for a patient who undergoes a VAB is R$ 3,667 and for a lumpectomy is R$ 4,313 (average savings of R$ 646). Under the SUS perspective the average cost for a VAB is R$ 2,987 and for a lumpectomy it is R$ 2,700 (an increase of R$ 287). The analysis from the perspective of society resulted in savings of R$ 128 per patient (fewer days away than for patients undergoing a VAB). Conclusions: VAB is an invasive procedure that has advantages in relation to the days of hospitalization and absenteeism when compared to the lumpectomy. The cost-minimization found that VAB is cost-saving compared to lumpectomy (from the perspective of the PBH), which exclusively sees SUS patients, as well as the perspective of society. When analyzed from the perspective of SUS, there is a small increase in cost, but the cost of a VAB kit used may have overestimated the costs, and an incorporation could decrease the material costs.
VOLUMETRIC EVALUATION OF UPPER LIMB FOR THE BREAST CANCER ASSOCIATED LYMPHEDEMA
Authors: Silva Fabiola Cristina Brandini , Sarri Almir José , Silva Jonathas José , Oliveira-Junior Idam , Vieira René Aloisio Costa
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Lymphedema is one of the main complications associated with the treatment of breast cancer. Multiple methodologies can be used in the diagnosis of lymphedema. A simple and clean, easy methodology is lacking, aiming to correlate with the findings of volumetry. Objectives: To evaluate different methodologies for the evaluation of indirect volumetry, by calculating the Frustrum and potential cutoff points related to direct volumetry. Methods: Study approved by the Ethics Committee under number 782/2014. A cross-sectional study with prospective collection, diagnostic evaluation, performed in patients with breast cancer undergoing surgical treatment of the breast. The participants were subjected to evaluations of the upper limbs using volumetry (total limb and hand), cylindrical and radial perimetry for diagnosis of lymphedema at equidistant points every 5 cm (V10) and 10 cm (V6). One software was created based on the cylindrical and diametrical measurements of the upper limbs. Concomitant upper limb and hand volumetry was performed, with a difference of 200 mL in volume being considered a lymphedema. The formula VFC=h(C12+C1C2 + C22)/12π was used for the cylindrical Frustrum (VFC), and for the elliptical Frustrum (VFE) the formula VFE= (Lπ/3)A2B-a2b)/(A-a) was used. To compare the agreement of the volumes, the Interclass Correlation Index was used. In order to equalize values associated with volumetry, the ROC curve was used. Grant from FAPESP project no. 2014 08197-0 and Institutional IEP/HCB no 5/2017. Results: 300 patients were evaluated. With regard to VFE, the result was not adequate in 25.5% in the V10 assessment and in 8.9% in the V6. The correlation between the difference in volume in total volume and the difference in volume without hands was excellent (ICC = 0.993). The difference of the risk member was compared with the contralateral of the VC10 and VC6 volumes with hand and VC10 and VC6 without the hand, the intra-class correlation coefficients were 0.840, 0.878, 0.835, 0.878, respectively. The presence or absence of the hand did not change the correlation, given the difference in volume (dV). Considering the difference in volume of the limbs of 200 mL, in the VFC formula dVC6 this value corresponded to 108.79 mL, with a sensitivity of 88.9, specificity of 87.3 and accuracy of 87.7; and in the VFC dVC10 formula this value was 96.9 mL, with a sensitivity of 92.1, specificity of 85.7 and accuracy of 87. Conclusions: The use of cylindrical Frustrum proved to be satisfactory, and different cutoff points should be used in clinical practice. The creation of the software facilitates the evaluation because it is a clean and reproducible methodology.
Pemetaan Potensi Wisata Desa Gelanggang Kecamatan Sakra Timur Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Marham Jupri Hadi  , Bukhari Muslim  , Meiyanti Widyaningrum  , Desi Suryati  , Muhammad Thohri
Published: January 2022

Pandemi Covid 19 memberikan dampak yang sangat memprihatinkan bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia terutama dalam bidang perekonomian. Salah satu upaya untuk bangkit dan memperbaiki kondisi tersebut adalah melalui pengembangan sektor pariwisata. Desa Gelanggang Kecamatan Sakra Timur merupakan salah satu Desa di kabupen Lombok Timur yang memiliki potensi untuk di kembangkan menjadi destinasi wisata pedesaan di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Adapun tahapan awal untuk pengembangan destinasi wisata pedesaan adalah dengan melakukan pemetaan potensi wisata. Kegiatan pemetaan ini dilaksanakan oleh tim kuliah kerja nyata (KKN) Tematik Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram bekerjasama dengan Pokdarwis Desa Gelanggang selama 45 lima hari. Berdasarkan hasil pemetaan potensi wisata tersebut, ditemukan beberapa lokus wisata yang bisa dikembangkan menjadi destinasi wisata pedesaan yakni Sungai Gelanggang dan Sawah, Situs Bersejarah Sombe, Kelompok Seni, serta Pusat Pelatihan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat.
Effect of Cognitive Conflict Strategies on Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes
Authors: Widia Widia , Suhirman Suhirman , Suhardi Muhammad , Prayogi Saiful , Yamin Muhammad , Salahuddin Muhammad , Haryanto Lutfin , Ewisahrani Ewisahrani , E Nursa’ban E Nursa’ban , Ilyas Ilyas , Mujitahid Mujitahid
Published: January 2022

An important aspect of learning outcomes at all levels of education is cognitive learning outcomes, and to achieve optimal cognitive learning outcomes, multi-method intervention is needed. This study aims to determine the effect of using cognitive conflict strategies on students' cognitive learning outcomes. Experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design was conducted in this study. A total of thirty-five students as the research sample, sample came from one of the high schools in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Cognitive conflict strategies are conducted in the material of continuous straight motion and uniformly changing straight motion. Measurement of cognitive learning outcomes using a test instrument (essay test) as many as six test items that accommodate cognitive level 1 (C1) to 6 (C6) and these are given to students as pretest and posttest. Descriptively, the results showed that cognitive learning outcomes increased after learning using cognitive conflict strategies (mean: 3. 4803) significantly (p: 0.000) with an n-gain of 0.74 in the high category. These results imply that cognitive conflict strategies are effective for improving students' cognitive learning outcomes
PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI PADA PRODUK PESTISIDA MENGGUNAKAN METODE GOAL PROGRAMMING (Studi Kasus: Plant WP Pabrik I PT Petrokimia Kayaku)
Authors: Fittriyah Siti Zuriatul , Dahda Said Salim , Ismiyah Elly
Published: January 2022

PT Petrokimia Kayaku merupakan salah satu anak perusahaan PT Petrokimia Gresik yang bergerak di sektor agrokimia. Hingga saat ini PT Petrokimia Kayaku sudah memiliki 3 plant pada pabrik I guna memenuhi permintaan produk agrokimia yang kaya jenis dan kaya manfaat sesuai kebutuhan petani. Dari produk yang dihasilkan tersebut, permintaan produk mempunyai karakteristik berfluktuatif, dikarenakan kebutuhan pestisida yang tidak setiap harinya dibutuhkan. Pola data yang berfluktuatif membuat perusahaan mengalami overstock dan understock, akibatnya perusahaan kesulitan menyeimbangkan perencanaan produksinya dengan realisasi produk yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan produksi yang optimal oleh perusahaan untuk mengimbangi fluktuasi permintaan yang ada. Tahapan pertama untuk memulai penelitian adalah melakukan peramalan permintaan dengan bantuan software Minitab 16, metode yang digunakan pada peramalan ini adalah metode dari time series (single exponential smoothing dan double exponential smoothing) untuk selanjutnya dilakukan pembuatan model matematika goal programming dan diselesaikan dengan bantuan software Lingo 17.0. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil yakni optimalnya peramalan permintaan periode September 2018-Februari 2019 dan perencanaan produksi dari penyelesaian menggunakan model goal programming. Dengan prioritas pertama pada kendala kebijakan safety stock, prioritas kedua kapasitas fasilitas dan prioritas ketiga ada pada kendala permintaan.
Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Roti dengan Pendekatan Six Sigma
Authors: Rosyidi Moh Ririn , Izzah Nailul
Published: January 2022

Perindustrian yang semakin tahun semakin maju membuat persaingan antar perusahaan semakin ketat, perusahaan pula berlomba-lomba memberi performansi terbaiknya. PT. Baasithu Boga Services adalah dalam pembuatan roti tersebut dilakukan suatu proses pencampuran bahan baku, pengadukan bahanbaku sampai membentuk adonan bulat, Proses pembulatan adona di diamkan selama 30 menit agar adonan mengembang, proses Pembentukan adonan, dan yang terakhir proses pemanggangan, proses yang dilakukan tersebut rentan mengalami defect (cacat). Pengumpulan data cacat sebanyak 190 roti dengan total produksi 1.080 roti dengan rata-rata kecacatan 6,3 roti, maka diperlukan penelitian yang mendalam dengan menggunakan metode Six Sigma yang akan mampu mengendalikan cacat produk roti, untuk mengetahui kecacatan produk dengan nilai Sigma dan melakukan  perbaikan cacat produk. Dari hasil pembahsan tingkat sigma 3.23 dengan kemungkinan kerusakan sebasar 1,319,444.44  untuk satu juta produksi (DPMO) dengan jumlah produksi pada bulan Maret 2020- April 2020 adalah sebesar 1.080 eksemplar dengan jumlah produk cacat yang terjadi dalam produksi sebesar 190 eksemplar. Usulan perbaikan, cacat gosong mengunakan usulan perbaikan dengan pengawasan untuk mengentahui lama waktu pengovenan, cacat mengelembung mengunakan usulan perbaikan dengan pengawasan untuk mengentahui lama waktu fermentasi, cacat penyok mengunakan usulan perbaikan dengan memperbaiki cetakan 1 minggu sekali atau mengganti alat cetak yang tidak layak, cacat ukuran tidak usulan perbaika dengan Memberi wawasan pada karwayawan pada saat proses percetakan.
Analisa Daerah Haz Besi Hollow Terhadap Variasi Elektroda
Authors: Minto Minto , Mayasari Andhika , Basuki Basuki
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kekerasan Brinell  ( HRB ) pada daerah lasan mulai dari logam lasan ( weld metal ) sampai logam induk  ( parent metal ) dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kekerasan Brinell pada daerah HAZ sebelum dan sesudah dilas dengan menggunakan jenis variasi elektroda. Proses pelaksanaan pengelasan besi Hollow dilaksanakan di BLK Jombang, sementara untuk pengujian Brinel dilakukan di  PT Tjokro Bersaudara Gresik Jl.  Raya Veteran Km.01. No.126 Gresik.

Eksperimen ini dilakukan pada besi Hollow dengan ukuran panjang keseluruhan 240 mm, tebal 1 mm dan lebar 25 mm dan membandingkan perbedaan antara nilai kekerasan Brinell ( HRB ) dengan menggunakan variasi elektroda jenis RD 260 dengan RD 460 pada pengelasan busur nyala listrik. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada specemen elektroda RD 260 dan RD 460 dengan 20 titik  pengujian pada kemudian diambil rata-rata nilai kekerasannya.Berdasarkan Hasil Report Of Hardness Test dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : pada Titik Uji 4 adalah 104 HRB dengan jarak penetrasi daerah lasan dari sumbu las ( 20 mm ). terlihat adanya kenaikan kekerasan HRB secara drastis pada setiap specement. Perbedaan terbesar terjadi pada titik B sebesar 426,5 HRB. Daerah las ini mengalami kenaikan rata-rata nilai kekerasan sebesar 104 HRB .Sementara pada Titik Uji 6 adalah -12.5 HRB dengan jarak penetrasi daerah lasan dari sumbu las ( 30 mm ). terlihat adanya kenaikan kekerasan HRB paling rendah pada setiap specement. Perbedaan terbesar terjadi pada titik A sebesar 337,5 HRB. Daerah las ini mengalami penurunan rata-rata nilai kekerasan sebesar -12.5 HRB.

 Pada penelitian besi Hollow yang dilas dengan busur nyala listrik dengan arus 70 A diperoleh hasil bahwa pada daerah lasan mulai dari sumbu las ( 0 mm ) sampai pada jarak 50 mm terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan nilai kekerasan Brinell .
THE EFFECT OF “AKHLAK” ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS INTERVENING VARIABLE AT SEMEN GRESIK HOSPITAL
Authors: Anam Chairul , Suyoto Suyoto
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze how far the influence of Akhlak organizational culture which is the new organizational culture of BUMN on employee performance and job satisfaction levels at Semen Gresik Hospital. The data used were taken from organic employees of Semen Gresik Hospital as many as 101 people, with proportional sampling technique. Data collection by online questionnaire. Data processing using parth analysis of SPSS version 25 for windows. The results of the study found that Akhlak organizational culture variable had a direct and indirect effect on employee performance and job satisfaction. The direct influence of Akhlak organizational culture on employee performance is 0.357 smaller than the indirect influence of Akhlak organizational culture on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable of 0.434.
E-Logbook Laporkan Kondisi Kesehatan, Absen & Kinerja Dosen, Kependidikan dan Kontrak selama WFH
Authors: Roni Putra  , Hadi Ronal , Amnur Hidra , Prayama Dedy , Afyeni Rita , Nasution Anggara
Published: January 2022

Ada 210 negara/kawasan yang terinfeksi virus corona, Virus corona kini telah menjangkiti setidaknya 2.197.968 orang di dunia. Sementara itu, Indonesia menduduki posisi ke-36 dengan total 5.923 kasus. Sebanyak 520 orang meninggal dunia dan 607 lain sembuh. Bertitik tolak dari kondisi yang berkembang dewasa ini sehubungan dengan penyebaran virus covid-19, dicanangkan program WFH (Work from Home). Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus tersebut. Konsekuensi dari diberlakukannya kegiatan tersebut maka semua aktifitas yang menyebabkan berkumpulnya orang dalam jumlah yang banyak seperti perkuliahan di kampus Politeknik Negeri Padang dihentikan sementara dengan waktu yang masih belum jelas. Hal ini berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.01.07/MENKES/260/2020 tentang Penetapan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar di Wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Barat Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Keputusan ini lanjutnya, telah ditindaklanjuti dengan telah diterbitkannya Peraturan Gubernur Sumatera Barat Nomor 20 Tahun 2020 tentang Pedoman Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Barat  Nomor 180-297-2020 tentang Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar di Wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Barat Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Surat Edaran Sekretaris Jenderal Kemdikbud Nomor 36604/A3/KP/2020 tanggal 15 Maret 2020 tentang Prosedur Bagi Pegawai yang Bekerja dari Rumah dan surat Wakil Direktur II Politeknik Negeri Padang Nomor: 653/PL9/KP/2020, tanggal 26 Maret 2020 tentang Pemberitahuan Bekerja dari rumah atau Work From Home ( WFH ). Dosen, tenaga kependidikan dan tenaga honorer dihimbau untuk melaporkan kesehatan, kehadiran dan pekerjaan mereka melalui suatu aplikasi tertentu. Melihat kebutuhan dan kondisi saat ini maka Tim berinisiatif untuk membuat suatu aplikasi yang dimaksud sebagai solusi cepat dan tepat sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini dan sesuai dengan peraturan yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pusat sampai ke Politeknik Negeri Padang. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah dapat membantu memfasilitasi laporan WFH melalui suatu aplikasi E-logbook pada kondisi yang tidak kondusif terhadap wabah covid-19 dan ikut berpartisipasi mendukung program pemerintah untuk WFH yang lebih baik karena tersimpan informasinya dengan baik
Fitting (Tempat Lampu) Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Arduino
Authors: Indah Purnama Sistri Indah Purnama , Sonatha Yance , - Humaira
Published: January 2022

The use of technology in various fields can provide convenience in life, especially in electronic equipment, namely lamps. The use of lights occurs during the day and night with excessive intensity of use can lead to waste of electrical energy in the house. Therefore, it is necessary to have a tool capable of checking the condition of lights using light sensors, current sensors and voltage sensors. The lamp condition check tool applied in the house is expected to make it easier for the occupants of the house to know the information on the condition of the lights in the house when left behind and can be accessed on the website so as to minimize the use of electricity in the house.