bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Corpus-Based Study of Writer Identities in Biology Research Articles: Clusivity and Authorial Self
Authors: Rozanatunnisa Luthfia , Hardjanto Tofan Dwi
Published: November 2022

An academic writing, especially a research article, is commonly, but vaguely considered that it has to be impersonal. In other words, there is a common discouragement to express writer identities in academic writings. Yet, it is recently discovered that personal attribution has such a significant role to display the interaction both between the authors and the readers and the authors and other researchers in the field. In this paper, I investigate the linguistic forms used to indicate writer identity in a number of selected research articles, and how they are used in terms of their clusivity as well as authorial self these linguistic forms construct. The data were taken from two reputable international journals: 10 research articles taken from Genome Biology, and the other 10 were taken from Molecular Systems Biology. These data were analyzed with the help of Wordsmith 5.0 (Scott 2008), an offline application which allows us to discover the occurrences of authorial references used in research articles and make concordances. A qualitative analysis was also conducted to examine the clusivity and the authorial self each linguistic form expresses. Classification on authorial selves was based on a taxonomy proposed by Tang & John (1999). The findings of this research are then aimed at indicating a tendency of writers in attributing themselves in academic writing, especially in biology research articles, where authors show more authority in their writing with the use of frequent authorial references expressing themselves as the recounters of the research process.
The Heroine’s Journey towards Wholeness as Seen in Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing
Authors: Ayuningtyas Hendarti Azizah , Jatmiko Rahmawan
Published: November 2022

This study discusses the psychological journey of the female heroine in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing. This paper applies the psychological approach since it is believed to be the most suitable approach to analyze the process of the heroine’s journey towards wholeness. It aims at analyzing the process of individuation which occurred in the main plot of the novel as well as the characteristics of the process on the heroine’s personal quest. The portrayal of the individuation process is identified through the theory of individuation proposed by Charles Gustav Jung which discusses the process of the individual’s development towards a psychological completeness. In order to support the analysis, library research was conducted alongside the novel itself as well as the supporting articles from any reliable websites. The result shows that the heroine’s journey can be translated as Jungian’s theory of individuation as there are six characteristics of the process of individuation found within the story. Furthermore, there are five stages occurred in the heroine’s journey, namely the recognition of the persona, the assimilation with the shadow, the confrontation with the animus, and lastly the appearance of the Self that leads the heroine towards psychological wholeness
The Patterns of Blends Found in Food and Beverage Names in Instagram
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ummi Adha , Moehkardi Rio Rini Diah
Published: November 2022

The present study discusses the patterns of blends found in the data collected which are food and beverage names found in Instagram and describe the possible new meaning of the blends. The researcher uses Mattiello’s classification of blends as the approach to analyze the data. From the findings, there are fiftythree data that can be considered as blends. The data are classified into three perspectives: the first is morphotactic, the second is morphonological (and graphic), and the third is morphosemantic. The result shows that morphotactically the most productive pattern of the blends is total blend more specifically the blend which the beginning of the first source word is followed by the end of the second source word with 19 data or 34.5 percent. Second, Morphonologically and orthographically, the most productive blend is non-overlapping blends with 31 data or 58.5 percent. Last, morphosemantically, the coordinate blend is more frequent than attributive blends with 30 data or 56.6 percent.
Discussion on English Cultural Communication and English Teaching in the New Media Environment
Authors: Zhou Jiajia
Published: November 2022

As a global language, English has become the main foreign language teaching choice in all countries. After decades, great progress has been made in English teaching in China. English has not only been popularized, but also a large number of English professionals from various industries have been trained. In the new media environment, in order to better improve the quality of English teaching, teachers should pay attention to the integration of English culture and teaching content when teaching English. By analyzing the characteristics of English teaching in the new media environment, this paper puts forward the relationship between English cultural exchange and English teaching, and puts forward strategies.
Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Digital Economy
Authors: Fuxia Gao
Published: November 2022

With the birth and rise of the digital economy, it has promoted the development of new forms of digital economy. A new round of data technology revolution has become the trend of the times, especially under the impact of the epidemic, the digital economy has become the engine of economic development. However, some problems have emerged in the development of new business types. The “digital divide” problem is still serious, the digital transformation path of enterprises is not clear, the legal system and regulatory capacity are not in place, high-end talents in the digital economy are scarce, and the innovation ability of the digital economy is weak. In this regard, actively explore the road of digital economy development, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, to provide reference for accelerating the improvement of high-quality and sustainable development of new forms of digital economy, and promote new changes and breakthroughs in new forms of economy.
Applying the Value Assessment of New Energy Companies Based on the EVA Model—An Example from Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co
Authors: Ge Cai-Xiaoyang
Published: November 2022

Compared to traditional methods of assessing business value, the EVA method can evaluate business value in a more reasonable manner. The purpose of this paper is to assess the business value of Ningde Times, one of the representative firms in the new energy industry, based on EVA model in order to prove the reasonableness and reliability of EVA method in evaluating the value of new energy companies. By analyzing the current financial situation of Ningde Times and applying the two-step EVA model to evaluate its business value, in the final calculation, Ningde Times is found to overestimate its per-share value, which is consistent with the direction of its trend in the stock price market, indicating that the EVA model is reasonable and reliable for estimating firm value, which provides a benchmark for enterprise value assessment of the new energy sector.
PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF POLYHERBAL AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS – A REVIEW
Authors: R NATH ATHIRA , AWASTHI VISHESH , K THAMARA , KUMAR SOWMYA
Published: November 2022

Ayurveda is an ancient traditional medical care system. The major aim of Ayurveda is to prevent unnecessary suffering and aiding healthy long life. Ayurveda incorporates natural constituents to make potential medicines that are believed to eliminate the root cause of the diseases. Forty-five thousand plant species are found in the subcontinent of India making it one of the largest biodiversity centers. In India alone, 15,000 medicinal plant species have been reported out of which 7500 species are used by the communities to cure different diseases. Ayurveda uses single or polyherbal for treatment. In these traditional medicine systems, various formulations are prepared one of which is fermented formulations, namely, arishtas and asavas. These formulations are prepared using a decoction of herbal drugs and contain self-generated alcohol. Fermented formulations are known for their stability and efficacy. Indian traditional literature states the usage of these formulations regularly with scientific validation strengthens one immunity and well-being. The current review focuses on Vidangarishta. Punarnavasava, Chandanasava, their preparations, therapeutics uses, and their toxic effects. A thorough understating of these formulations aids in standardizing Ayurveda as a marginalized medicine.
INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION FOLLOWING CESAREAN SECTION IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN NORTH KERALA, INDIA
Authors: BH HIBA HASHIM , T HEERA SHENOY , VK CHELLAMMA , ANTONY ABHILASH
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To objectives of the study were to study 1) the incidence and maternal determinants (host related) risk factors on post cesarean surgical site infection (SSI) and 2) the influence of labor related and procedure related risk factors on post cesarean SSI.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KMCT Medical College, Kozhikode from April 1 to August 31 2021 after clearance from ethical committee in which 153 cases of SSI post cesarean were included in the study.
Results: Educational status of patients had statistically significant association with the development of SSI incidence of SSI (44.4%) and is highest among overweight women. Patients with diabetes and hypertension had increased risk of developing SSI. 72.2% with SSI had duration of ruptured membrane for >8 h and duration of rupture of membrane were significantly associated with development of wound infection. Significant linear association was found between number of prior cesarean and risk of development of SSI (p=0.019). Cesarean with mean operative time >45 min had statistically significant risk of developing SSI. Intraoperative complication like adhesions was a predictor of SSI (p=0.001)
Conclusions: Medical morbidities and increased body mass index being predictors along with prolonged operative time can be properly identified and awareness ensured to prevent and identify post cesarean SSI.
Risk Factors Associations of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Abdulrazzaq Dr. Noaman Abdulateef , Ahmed Mustafa Mamon , Hasan Farah Thamer
Published: November 2022

Background: Metabolic syndrome (syndrome x) A clustering of dyslipidemia , elevated blood pressure , impaired glucose tolerance , and central obesity which was varied somewhat in specific elements ,but in general they include a combination of multiple and metabolic risk factors. The most widely recognized risk factors are elevated blood pressure, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and elevated plasma glucose. Regardless of the cause, the syndrome recognized individuals at an elevation of these risk factors. The magnitude of increased risk can vary according to the components of the syndrome present as well as the other, non-metabolic syndrome risk factors in a particular person. The association of the metabolic syndrome with demographic characteristics and the metabolic syndrome risk increased with age, BMI and weight gain which are another important risk factors. Obesity has consistently been reported as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, it is an important, easily observed, and measurable risk factor .it was the only fact that remained significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in all age, race and sex groups. Higher BMI and weight gain over time are associated with poorer blood pressure, higher fasting blood glucose, and dyslipidemia with the remaining atherosclerotic changes complications (hypertension CVD, and nephropathy) have been found to be associated with this syndrome.
Methods used by Head of Schools in Managing Conflict in Improving Teachers Morale in Public Secondary Schools in Chato District in Tanzania
Authors: Kayanda Khadija , Tangi Felista
Published: November 2022

Head of schools in public secondary schools play a key role in establishing the adhesive that links the outdoor environment and while doing such important duty, conflict during implementation is not too far especially during conflict management. At the same time head of schools have different alternative in attacking the challenges. This study examines challenges which head of schools encounter during resolving conflict and techniques used to stand as way forward towards challenges. Primary data were collected using questionnaire and focus group discussion tools from 133 respondents who are teachers, 30 school board members, 6 head of schools and 1 district education officer. The sample was chosen from each selected secondary school within Chato district by simple random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS ver. 20, IBM, USA). The high spot that some challenges faced by heads of school in managing conflict are lack of conflict management skills, biasness, scarce financial resources, low awareness on responsibilities to some teachers, lack of evidence, and political interference. The study revealed that the possible solutions used by the head of school in arguing conflict included the use of school board members, avoidance of favoritism, availabilities and good distribution of resources, ignoring conflict and collaborating. In this matter conflict is inevitable in secondary schools; however, there are means of managing challenges that are encountered in the course of managing conflict in schools. Therefore, government through the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training should focus on great need for heads of secondary schools and teachers to be trained in conflict management.
INOVACIJE U SISTEMIMA JAVNIH UPRAVA
Authors: Anicic Tina
Published: November 2022

Javna uprava jeste sistem podložan stalnom redefinisanju i promenama. U tom smislu, pošto je javna uprava složen i dinamičan fenomen i pojava, inovacije imaju sve veći značaj. U ovom radu, bavimo se najpre opštim pojmom inovacije, a zatim i pojomom inovacije u sistemu javne uprave. Sa stanovišta posmatranja opšteg pojma inovacije, možemo uočiti i različite vrste inovacije, koje su kao takve primenljive u sistemu javne uprave. Mnoge države su prigrilile koncept inovacija, kako bi unapredile svoje sisteme javnih uprava, povećale efikanost, efektivnost i zadovoljstvo krajnjih korisnika. Međutim, na putu uvođenja inovacija u javnoj upravi kriju se i brojne prepreke i izazovi, koji su povezani sa četiri glavna megatrenda koja se javljaju širom sveta u pogledu obima i prirode promena koje utiču na način funkcionisanja javnih uprava. Posebnu pažnju zato u ovom radu posvetićemo Teoriji inovacije javne uprave (Public Sector Inovation Theory) i Okviru nove sinteze (New Synthesis Framework), kao novih teorijsko – metodoloških pristupa. Kroz analizu ova dva pristupa nastojaćemo da objasnimo probleme i izazove uvođenja inovacija u složene upravne sisteme.
PLURALIZOVANO SAMOUPRAVLJANJE: ESEJ O ASOCIJATIVNOM SISTEMU DRUŠTVENOG BLAGOSTANJA
Authors: Stojanovic Djordje
Published: November 2022

Po pitanju uvećanja individualne slobode i ljudskog blagostanja, asocijativizam kao svoj centralni normativni zahtev određuje aktivnosti čiji je primarni zadatak da se što veći broj relevantnih socijalnih funkcija prenese na voluntarističke, demokratske, samoupravljajuće i pluralne asocijacije civilnog/građanskog društva. Uvažavajući prethodno, u ovm radu će se analizirati asocijativnog sistema društvenog blagostanja sa posebnim akcentom na razliku u odnosu na socijal-demokratski model.
SAVREMENA DEMOKRATSKA KRIZA KAO POSLEDICA NEDEFINISANIH POLITIČKIH PROTESTA I EROZIJE GRAĐANSKE MOĆI
Authors: Simic Savo
Published: November 2022

Prikaz:

Ivan Krastev. 2017. Ometena demokratija – globalna politika protesta.
Beograd: Službeni glasnik, 70 str
Isolation and Characterization of Two PHA Producing Strains Isolated from Soil Sample of Nalgonda District
Authors: Thirumala M. , Krishna E. Sai , Priya P. Sindhu , Reddy S. Vishnuvardhan
Published: November 2022

Two whitish-colored gram-positive strains producing Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) were isolated from a soil sample from Nalgonda district in the Telangana state of India. With the help of Sudan black B staining, ten isolates with lipids, which showed bluish black color were selected from twenty-six bacterial strains which were selected randomly and purified from the serial diluted plate. Among ten isolates, 3D1 and 3D10 isolates were confirmed with Nile blue A and Nile Red staining for their PHA granules producing capacity. These two isolates grew optimally at a temperature of 37°C and a pH of 9. Furthermore, these strains were able to resist NaCl up to 10%, whereas, optimum NaCl required for the growth of 3D1 was 2%, but optimum NaCl required for the growth of 3D10 was shown to be 4%. PHAs produced by the two strains, 3D1 and 3D10, were extracted and quantified, which produced 68% PHA with a polymer concentration of 4.902 g/L and 61% PHA with a polymer concentration of 4.023 g/L, respectively. Biochemical, Morphological and Molecular characterization were performed on these two isolates. These two strains, 3D1 and 3D10, were closely related to Bacillus sonorensis with similarity of 99.51% and Bacillus safensis subsp. safensis with similarity of 99.66%, respectively. The 16S rDNA gene sequences of these two isolates were submitted to the NCBI Gene bank and the accession numbers were also sought.
Effect of Bistorta affinis (D. Don) and Malcolmia cabulica (Boiss) Essential Oils on Human and Foodborne Pathogens, Insects and Termites
Authors: Sultana Kishwar , Ahmad Bashir , Ahmad Zakia , Rauf Abdur , Al-Awthan Yahya S. , Bahattab Omar , Bawazeer Sami , Khattak Aishma , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy
Published: November 2022

This current study investigates the biological efficiency of essential oils extracted from Bistorta affinis and Malcolmia cabulica on human and foodborne pathogens as well as against insects and termites. The oils were obtained by steam distillation using a Clevenger-type system and analyzed for their constituents using GC-MS. Twenty compounds were identified, wherein carvacrol and thymol were the main constituents in both plants. Essential oils exhibited significant activity against all tested foodborne bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. In addition, essential oils from both plants have shown promising activity against all tested insects, which is a positive sign of being used as an insect repellent. In contrast, no activity was observed against termites. The bioactivities are mainly due to carvacrol and thymol’s levels in the essential oils that known for their effectiveness against foodborne pathogens and pests. The present study constitutes a basis for further investigation and development of bioactive compounds in Bistorta affinis and Malcolmia cabulica.
FIFA World Cup 2022 and the Risk of Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases
Authors: Subedi Deepak , Pantha Saurav , Chandran Deepak , Bhandari Madan , Acharya Krishna Prasad , Dhama Kuldeep
Published: November 2022

The 2022 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup will take place in Qatar and will be a one-of-a-kind mega-crowd gathering. This is the first time in history that people from all over the world would gather in such a concentrated place. There is a higher chance of spreading zoonotic illnesses from one community to another among those who travel internationally, therefore tourists should be aware of the dangers they may face and take precautions. The public health system of the country hosting the event must be equipped to avoid the spread of zoonotic diseases considering the current global climate. The potential for an increase in cases of COVID-19 and monkeypox is notably heightened by this event. Possible exotic diseases such as the Marburg virus disease could also be spread. Due to Qatar’s inexperience in hosting such major events, it is crucial to invest heavily in training for the early identification of infectious illnesses and the prevention of their spread among event attendees. Visitors to Qatar 2022 should acquire the most up-to-date information available and be aware of the usual precautions that should be followed. Your immunization record must be up to date. Hospitals and other medical facilities in Qatar would be wise to increase their readiness for mass casualty occurrences given that this small location is hosting such an event for the first time. To better meet the health needs of its population, the government of Qatar should promote health advice materials in different languages and keep an adequate supply on hand. The potential for the emergence of zoonotic diseases is briefly reviewed here considering the upcoming FIFA World Cup in 2022.
System Observability and Monitoring for Multi Cloud Native Network Service based Function
Authors: H R Vijayalakshmi
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The simplicity and agility of public Cloud infrastructure is driving large service based and application oriented Enterprises to host their business functions as Cloud Native Services and Applications. These Enterprises often host their applications and services in multiple cloud infrastructures either due to business, compliance and functionality requirements. On these cloud infrastructure platforms, applications and services are primarily designed and deployed as microservices which are small and independent services and functions. Each service microservice is typically self contained and interacts with other services using predefined Service based interfaces or APIs. As these services could be hosted in multiple cloud environments on infrastructures such as virtual machines and containers, there’s a need to provide a holistic visibility of services across many infrastructures, form factors and service interfaces. Keywords: Microservice, API, Virtual Machine, Visibility, Multicloud.
Seismic Analysis of Building Structure Having L-Shaped Shear Wall
Authors: Gandharv Kumar , Patel Dolendra
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The addition of shear wall is a type of global retrofitting. The shear wall offers great resist to lateral loads. The response spectrum is used in this study. It improves the structural performance of building subjected to lateral forces due to earthquake excitation. The paper deals with the investigation of building frame with L-shape shear wall placed at different location such as center and diagonally. The result show that center location is performing better as compared to other cases. The reference model shows maximum displacement.
Effective Method of Bike Starting Using Keypad for Security against Bike Thefts
Authors: Gadekar Kavita , Jangam Shailesh , Gubbala Shrihari , Barakde Sunil , Jadhav Bharat
Published: November 2022

Abstract: In this research we have designed a prototype for an enhanced method of bike starting. In regular course we start a bike using a key. It may have possibility of losing a key. There is also a danger of bike thefts. Therefore we have designed a prototype which allows the user to secure his bike. This system includes a two way security system i.e. a bike key and a keypad. When the user place a key on bike for starting the prototype will ask for a unique password. Then user must have to enter correct password if user fails to enter the correct password then system responds it by turning on a siren. After entering a correct password the bike will start. Although anyone having your bike key he will not able to start your bike without a unique password. Thus the system ensures the better security of bike.
SIMULTANEOUS BILATERAL SHOULDER DISLOCATION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Mohiuddin Mohammed Jalal , Hamid Hashmi Syed Salman , Ajaz Shaik
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Bilateral shoulder dislocations are relatively uncommon. Bilateral shoulder dislocationwas first described in 1902, because of muscular contractions in camphor overdose. Among thebilateral shoulder dislocation posterior are most common usually following convulsions or electricshocks. Simultaneous bilateral anterior dislocations of shoulder following trauma is a rareoccurrence. Case Report: A 28 year old male presented to emergency department with history offall on outstretched hand. He complained of pain and difficulty in moving both the shoulders. Onclinical examination, patient's both upper limbs were abducted and externally rotated. Bilaterallyshoulder contour was lost with flattening. Other classical signs of shoulder dislocation like Bryantstest, Callway sign, Hamilton's ruler test were positive. Diagnosis was confirmed on X rays. Bothshoulders were reduced in emergency operation theater under general anaesthesia by Kocher'smethod and were immobilized in sling. Conclusion: Simultaneous bilateral dislocation of theshoulder are uncommon during clinical practice but have to be diagnosed and adequately treated.Though posterior shoulder dislocations are common secondary to convulsions and electric shocksanterior shoulder dislocations should be kept in mind. The bilateral dislocations also presents withpractical problem of immobilization of both limbs and day to day care of patients. Hence thedislocations require special attention and proper care .
STUDY TO EVALUATE THE REASONS FOR PATIENTS CHOOSING BONE SETTERS OVER ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS FOR TREATMENT IN URBAN HYDERABAD, TELANGANA STATE, INDIA
Authors: Mohiuddin Mohammed Jalal , Hamid Hashmi Syed Salman , Fatima Humera
Published: November 2022

Introduction - From the age old times there is the considerable role of traditional treatment in medical field which most of the time has no evidence and proper explanation. One wing of them are the traditional bone setters who have so much of popularity among the common population. Aims and objectives - In the following study we determine the awareness about the variety of orthopaedic conditions, the role of an orthopaedic surgeon in such conditions in common population .The study also aimed to determine the reasons why people get attracted to bone setters. An attempt was made to improve the status of orthopaedic treatment in general population. Materials and methods - A retrospective study was done in which 150 patients were included who attended the hospital and bone setting centers . A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire interview method was used to collect data. The data was collected and analyzed using epi_info 6.04d. Results - There were various reasons given by patients for choosing a bone setter over an orthopaedic surgeon which included reasons like the following, bone setters are the only ones who can deal with fractures (53%) , followed by reasons like orthopaedicians only do surgeries (43%); apprehension of plaster of paris cast and slabs (6%); went because of pressure from family or friends (46%) . Conclusions - Patients and their families make clear decisions about fracture treatment in a hospital or by a traditional bonesetter. There is a need to change the mind set of people that an orthopaedic surgeon does surgery only when required and can treat conservatively in a better way. There is also need to campaign regarding the risk the patients are exposed to when there are no proper medical intervention.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INHALED INDACATEROL AND TIOTROPIUM IN GOLD STAGE-2 PATIENTS OF COPD
Authors: Alam Mohammad Sajid , Ahmad Jameel , Kumar Anil , Shameem Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Background:Current treatment guidelines, such as those from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) describe bronchodilators as the first-line therapy for patients with moderate to very severe COPD (stage 2-4 of GOLD Spirometric Criteria for COPD Severity). Indacaterol is a new once daily inhaled bronchodilator, recently approved for the treatment of COPD. Once daily dosing is an important step to improve the adherence and compliance of the patients. Methods: In this prospective, parallel group and open labelled study we compared Efficacy and Safety of Indacaerol and Tiotropium in Patients of Satge-2 GOLD. Total 60 patients were finally evaluated in the study. They were divided in two groups, group-1 (Indacaterol group) and group-2 (Tiotropium group) receiving 150 mcg/daily of Indacaterol and 18 mcg/daily of Tiotropium in each group respectively. All patients were evaluated by measuring FEV1 at zero day (before therapeutic intervention), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks. Results: Patients in both group showed gradual improvement at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks, but there was better improvement in Tiotropium as compared to Indacaterol group in terms of FEV1 . Although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Indacaterol 150 mcg/day is equally effective as Tiotropium in dose of 18 mcg /day patients of moderate COPD (stage-2 GOLD criteria).
RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF COBICISTAT AND ATAZANAVIR IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Veerabhadram G , Subramanyam CVS , Vejendla Ravikumar
Published: November 2022

A stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed and subsequently validated for the simultaneous estimation of cobicistat and atazanavir in API and tablet dosage form. Optimized chromatographic condition were achived by Eclipse XBD-C18(250mm x 4.6mm, 5µ) column, mobile phase as a mixture of buffer (0.02M potassium dihydrogen phosphate, pH-2.5): acetonitril in the ratio of 40:60v/v with a flow rate of 1ml/min., UV detection was performed at 230nm and the sample temperature was maintained ambient which was injected manually. This developed method for simultaneous estimation of cobicistat and atazanavir is linear over a range of 60 – 180 ìg/ml and 120 -360 ìg/ml respectively. The validation parameters as per ICH guide lines show good precision having 0.054 and 0.083 %RSD for cobicistat and atazanavir which shows nice repeatability, limit of detection and limit of quantification for cobicistat and atazanavir was found to be 0.075 and 0.06 and 0.225 and 0.18 ìg/ml respectively. The developed method is easy to perform assay for indicating quality control determinations in bulk and formulated form with rapid, selective and stability indicating.
TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Authors: Verma Sushma , Ojha Abhishek
Published: November 2022

Skin is considered as the largest organ of the body and it has many different functions. The skin functions occur in thermoregulation, protection, metabolic functions and sensation. The skin is divided into two main regions, the epidermis, and the dermis, one of each providing a distinct overall role function of the skin. The dermis is mainly attached to an underlying hypodermis, which is also called subcutaneous connective tissue, which generally stores adipose tissue and also recognized as the superficial fascia of gross anatomy. Basically it is composed of three layers. The outer-most layer is called the epidermis, which serves as a barrier and protects the body from any infection. The second layer is called the dermis and consists of connective tissues which cushion the body from stress and strain. Now a day's the transdermal drug delivery system is the most prominent method for the drug delivery. Transdermal drug delivery system is basically the topically administered drug which are generally in the form of patches for the controlled and pre-determined effects of drug. These devices allow the drug to be delivered through the skin barrier or the outer most layer of the skin. Polymers are called backbone for the transdermal drug delivery system
Application of Herbal Antioxidants in Denstistry: A Mini Review
Authors: Arya Rajeswar Kamalkant , Sharma Praveen Kumar , Gupta Ashish
Published: November 2022

Periodontitis is one of the common public health problems in the world and is most common reason of tooth loss in peoples. Periodontitis is highly prevalent and can affect up to 90% of the world population. Periodontitis is a gum infection that damages the soft tissues and bones present around tooth for support.  Herbs and their extracts have long been used as a therapy for various diseases in the world due to their safety & low cost. Currently herbal medicines are preferred due to their low cost, high safety margin and wider range of medicinal activities. Presence of excess free radicals results in oxidative damage of periodontal tissue. Herbal antioxidant reduces the deleterious action of free radicals and improves the oral health and decrease of inflammatory levels of periodontium. Thus, in this review we described the role of some herbal antioxidants as adjuvants for the management and treatment of Periodontitis.

Keywords: Periodontitis, herbal antioxidants, free radicals, periodontium
Review on Microspheres as Drug Carriers for Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Sahu Varsha , Jadon Arvind Singh , Jain Nidhi , Yadav Rani , Jain Prateek Kumar , Khare Basant , Jain Anushree
Published: November 2022

Microspheres are organic or inorganic spherical particles with a diameter of 1–1000 μm. These materials can encapsulate drugs or bioactive molecules and release them in a controlled way. Biodegradable polymers are frequently used for the development of microsphere matrixes such as polylactic acid and copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid. Apart from them, there is an extensive range of microspheres prepared from albumin, albumin dextran sulfate, and fibrinogen. Administration of medication via micro particulate systems is advantageous because microspheres can be ingested or injected; they can be tailored for desired release profiles and used for site-specific delivery of drugs and in some cases can even provide organ-targeted release. Microspheres in drug delivery are used for targeted as well as prolonged drug release in the diseased area. It also protects the unstable or pH-sensitive drugs before and after the administration. In this review we have discussed about advantages, disadvantages, methods of preparations and evaluation and types of microspheres.
Keywords: Microsphere, Biodegradable polymers, Polymer Microsphere, Drug Release
Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts of Ficus bengalensis Linn
Authors: Siddiqui Sadaf , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Silawat Narendra
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Various extracts of diverse parts of medicinal plants have been shown to possess antidiabetic and hypoglycemic effect. Most of them look to act directly on pancreas (pancreatic effect) and stimulate insulin level in blood. Some have extra pancreatic effect by acting directly on tissues like liver, muscle, etc and alter favorably, the activities of the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and other pathways. The research work embodied in the thesis deals with the scientific exploration of indigenous plants viz., Ficus bengalensis Linn for their possible anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activity. The present investigations concluded that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Ficus bengalensis Linn endowed with potential antidiabetic activity which could be attributed by their possible multiple effects on both pancreatic and extra-pancreatic site by influencing either the metabolism and/or absorption of glucose, which in turn also influence the lipid metabolism.
Keywords: hypoglycemic, Ficus bengalensis Linn, Diabetic, Lipid metabolism
LC-ESI-MS/MS techniques for Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Propofol In plasma matrix
Authors: Mittal Sourabh , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Billore Sourabh , Bajapai Riddhi
Published: November 2022

A compound can often be measured by several methods and the choice of analytical method involves many considerations. Analysis of drugs and their metabolites in a biological matrix is carried out using different extraction techniques like liquid- liquid extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE) and protein precipitation from these extraction methods samples are spiked with calibration (reference) standards and using quality control (QC) samples. These methods and choice of analytical method describes the process of method development and includes sampling, sample preparation, separation, detection and evaluation of the results. The developed process is then validated. These Bioanalytical validations play a significant role in evaluation and interpretation of bioavailability, bioequivalence, pharmacokinetic, and toxicokinetic studies. In which different parameters like accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and stability are performed.
Keywords: - LLE, SPE, Quality control samples, Bioequivalence, Bioavailability, Validation.
ACTIVITY BUDGET AND FORAGING PATTERNS OF NUBIAN GIRAFFES (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) IN LAKE NAKURU NATIONAL PARK, KENYA
Authors: Gitau Consolata , Muneza Arthur , Mbau Judith , Ngugi Robinson , Ngumbi Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

The behavior of animals potentially affects their survival and
reproduction. The activity budget of the Critically Endangered giraffe
Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis has been investigated in
populations across Africa and found to be influenced by body size, diet
and sex. Foraging patterns show how an animal chooses to forage in its
environment, and is influenced by resource availability, competition and
predation risk. The activity budget and foraging patterns of Nubian
giraffes vary considerably between ecosystems. The Nubian giraffe is a
recently identified subspecies G. camelopardalis camelopardalis). This
Critically Endangered giraffes which includes Rothschild’s giraffes,
occurs only within Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, and Southern Sudan. We
observed the behavior of a population of Nubian giraffes in Lake Nakuru
National Park, Kenya, to assess seasonal activity budgets and foraging
patterns. In the wet and dry seasons, giraffes spent approximately the
same amount of time (53 and 57%, respectively) foraging. Movement and
resting duration decreased slightly from the dry to the wet season (22
to 20% and 25 to 22%, respectively. Across both seasons, Vachellia
xanthophloea (67%), Maytenus senegalensis (19%), and Solanum incanum
(9%) made up the bulk of the giraffe’s diet. In the dry season, giraffe
additionally foraged on Maerua triphylla (2%), Vachellia gerrardi
(2%), and Grewia similis (1%); in the wet season, they added Vachellia
abyssinica (2%) and Rhus natalensis (2%) to their diet. The most
utilized browsing height was 3.5 m below their average height.. Overall,
season did not appear to influence the Nubian giraffe’s activity time
budget or foraging patterns in Lake Nakuru National Park. Improved
knowledge of the behavioral patterns of this subspecies will allow
managers to manage and conserve the species and its habitat better. For
instance, planting perennial plants in all vegetation types used by
giraffes in the park minimizes browsing pressure on the already over
browsed Vachellia.
ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION MODULATION AND ABLATION: BETTER AT A DISTANCE FROM THE NODE?
Authors: Criado Jose Luis Ibañez , Almendral Jesus
Published: November 2022

New therapeutic possibilities open up in the nonpharmacological rate
control of patients with atrial fibrillation, and an approach with an
ablation line around the AVN could be useful both for modulating the
ventricular response and for safer AV ablation if this is finally
required.
Large-scale long-term passive-acoustic monitoring reveals spatio-temporal activity patterns of boreal bats
Authors: Kotila Miika , Suominen Kati , Vasko Ville , Blomberg Anna , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Andersson Tommi , Aspi Jouni , Cederberg Tony , Hänninen Jari , Inkinen Jasmin , Koskinen Janne , Lundberg Göran , Mäkinen Katja , Rontti Markku , Snickars Martin , Solbakken Jostein , Sundell Janne , Syvänperä Ilkka , Vuorenmaa Silja , Ylönen Jari , Vesterinen Eero , Lilley Thomas
Published: November 2022

The distribution ranges and spatio-temporal patterns in the occurrence
and activity of boreal bats are yet largely unknown due to their cryptic
lifestyle and lack of suitable and efficient study methods. We
approached the issue by establishing a permanent passive-acoustic
sampling setup spanning the area of Finland to gain an understanding on
how latitude affects bat species composition and activity patterns in
northern Europe. The recorded bat calls were semi-automatically
identified for three target taxa; Myotis spp., Eptesicus nilssonii or
Pipistrellus nathusii and the seasonal activity patterns were modeled
for each taxa across the seven sampling years (2015–2021). We found an
increase in activity since 2015 for E. nilssonii and Myotis spp. For E.
nilssonii and Myotis spp. we found significant latitude -dependent
seasonal activity patterns, where seasonal variation in patterns
appeared stronger in the north. Over the years, activity of P. nathusii
increased during activity peak in June and late season but decreased in
mid season. We found the passive-acoustic monitoring network to be an
effective and cost-efficient method for gathering bat activity data to
analyze spatio-temporal patterns. Long-term data on the composition and
dynamics of bat communities facilitates better estimates of abundances
and population trend directions for conservation purposes and predicting
the effects of climate change.
P-modified single-atom Cu catalyst for enhanced electrocatalytic performance of NO3- reduction to NH3
Authors: Wang Honghai , Yao Yanan , Zhan Jiayu , Jia Yangting , Zhang Luhua , Yu Fengshou
Published: November 2022

Electrochemical conversion of NO3- to NH3 production is of great
environmental significance for water pollution treatment and can
artificially close the nitrogen cycle. However, direct nine proton and
eight electron transfer leads to low Faraday efficiency (FE) and yield.
Herein, the single copper site immobilized on N, P co-doped carbon
substrates (Cu-N4/P) was prepared for efficient NO3–to-NH3 conversion.
Benefiting from electronic redistribution of Cu site induced by the
introduction of the less electronegative element P, Cu-N4/P catalyst has
superior catalytic properties to the comparison sample, including 100%
NO3- conversion, high FE (96.12%) and NH3 yield (124.22 mmol/(h·gcat)).
Density functional theory (DFT) explains the effective operation
mechanism that P doping can promote the spontaneous hydrogenation of *NO
to form *NOH, thus promoting the formation of NH3 from NO3- reduction
reaction. The heteroatom doping strategy mentioned proposes a new
approach for promoting NO3–to-NH3 conversion at atomic level catalytic
sites.
Structure and semantics of derived verbs of behaviour in the Russian language
Authors: Fatkhutdinova Venera Gabdulkhakovna
Published: November 2022

This article deals with Russian derived verbs of behaviour, formed on the
basis of substantive and adjectival stems by means of suffixation. The aim
of the analysis is to identify and characterize the structural, lexical and
designative specificity of this class of words from the
derivational-semantic aspect. The study showed that the four word-formation
models that are the most productive and popular in Russian speech are those
that include suffixes-nicha(t?), -stvova(t?), -i(t?), and -ova(t?), within
which the explication of ?behavioural semantics? takes place. Lexical
derivation is accompanied by active metaphorization, as a result of which
the verbal lexeme acquires expressive-evaluative connotation (often
pejorative) and functional and stylistic marking (?colloquial? or
?bookish?). The article characterizes motivational relations and lexical and
word-formation semantics of verbs formed according to a particular model and
reveals their designative-evaluative and regulative function. Verbs of
behaving and acting reflect stereotypical ideas of native speakers of
Russian about desirable, exemplary or undesirable, socially proscribed forms
of human interaction with the surrounding world. Their derivational dynamics
allows for objectification of basic moral and ethical meanings and deontic
norms in the mental and cultural space of the Russian language, which
indicates the axiological component of the process of verb designation.
What Influences the Adoption of Innovations in Healthcare in Wales
Authors:   , Bell Harry J.
Published: November 2022

In a time of limited resources, but increased complexity and demand, innovation presents a pathway to improve quality and efficiency in the provision of healthcare in the National Health Service (NHS) in Wales. There is little scarcity in the availability of quality innovations to the NHS, but there is a clear gap in the ability of the organisation to effectively adopt and spread these innovations into wider use. Research into the adoption of innovations across multiple disciplines has been extensive. Numerous influences have been investigated via mainly quantitative approaches that utilise an array of technology adoption theories. This study explored the adoption of innovation in healthcare in Wales via a pragmatic mixed methods approach using the Technology-Organisation-Environment framework as a theoretical basis. Semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with participants experienced in healthcare innovation in Wales. Findings were analysed by a combination coding approach and content analysis. Forty-four factors of influence were discovered, including sixteen novel factors that were not identified in relevant literature. The high importance of individuals and the interactions between people was easily apparent. Therefore, the conceptual framework of ‘People-Organisation-Environment-Technology’, or the ‘POET’ framework, was developed. Theoretical support for this was provided by the Socio-technical systems theory, which acknowledges the importance of people in the social subsystem of an organisation. The POET framework builds upon previous theory by adding the relative levels of importance of and overlap between the four contexts. Second stage analysis assessed the relative importance of factors, their interrelationships, and their propensity to act as barriers or enablers to adoption. The POET framework embraces the complexity in innovation adoption in Wales and is effective for investigating and analysing cases in this setting, and has the potential for generalisability. The findings indicate that NHS Wales should invest in and investigate the influence of people to support innovation adoption.
Glauber Rocha: entre a liderança cultural e as lideranças políticas
Authors: Chaia Miguel Wady , Estevinho Telmo Dinelli
Published: November 2022

Este artigo o significado de liderança política a partir da trajetória e dos filmes de Glauber Rocha (1939-1981). Para tanto a análise dividiu-se em duas partes: a primeira aborda o cineasta enquanto uma liderança cultural que atuou politicamente no campo cinematográfico brasileiro, centralizou na sua pessoa o movimento do Cinema Novo e agitou a arena do debate público no país. A segunda parte busca expor as representações das lideranças políticas existentes nos filmes de Glauber Rocha, uma vez que ele destaca a importância destes atores políticos. Pode-se dizer que em seus filmes encontra-se uma tipologia bem sistematizada de lideranças políticas, tendo por referência o Brasil e outros países latinos americanos.// // // // //
Afinidades e estranhamentos pelas estéticas da linguagem: Um estudo de caso no ensino e aprendizagem do alemão
Authors: Becker Jaqueline , Garcia Marilene Santana dos Santos
Published: November 2022

Este artigo discute aspectos da estética da língua alemã que direta e indiretamente alimentam o imaginário dos aprendizes, podendo impactar seu processo de aprendizagem e de ensino, tanto por conta de afinidades quanto de estranhamentos produzidos nesse contexto. O objetivo é elucidar o que move a formação das referidas estéticas que, por um lado, aproximam mas, por outro, podem produzir distanciamentos da língua-alvo. A metodologia utilizou registros do pesquisador-participante, informações sobre as percepções dos alunos, relatos das experiências produzidas em sala de aula de língua alemã para iniciantes, formatando um estudo de caso. Os autores abordados, entre outros, foram Silva (2007) e Santos (2002). Os resultados apontam para uma estética de expectativa construída por percepções e um imaginário sobre a língua alemã, afetando processos de ensino e aprendizagem, devendo-se incorporar à reflexão do professor na preparação e condução de sua aula.