bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İLKOKULA BAŞLAMA YAŞININ AKADEMİK BAŞARIYA ETKİSİ: BİR KARMA YÖNTEM ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ASLAN Osman , ÇELİK Suat
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada temel amaç, ilkokula başlama yaşının akademik başarıya etkisini incelemektir. Çalışma iki yönlü olarak ele alınmıştır. Birincisi, okula başlama yaşının akademik başarıya etkisine ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri nelerdir? İkincisi, ortaokul öğrencilerinin “puan ortalamaları ile okula başlama yaşları arasında istatistiksel anlamdaki ilişki düzeyi nedir?”. Hem nitel hem de nicel verilerin kullanılmasındaki amaç, yaşın akademik başarıyı etkileme durumunu daha net ortaya koyabilmektir.Karma yöntem çalışması olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada çeşitleme deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu desende nitel ve nicel veriler aynı zamanda toplanıp ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiş ve sonuç kısmına entegre edilerek bütünsel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmada okula başlama yaşına ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin, öğrencilerin akademik başarıları ile ne ölçüde örtüştüğüne bakılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri, Tokat il merkezinde görev yapan 117 sınıf öğretmeninin görüşlerinden elde edilmiştir. Nicel veriler ise Tokat il merkezinde 7. sınıfa devam eden 1792 öğrencinin yaş ve not bilgilerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri NVivo programı ile kod ve kategorilere dönüştürülerek analiz edilmiştir. Nicel veriler ise SPSS programı kullanılarak düzenlenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Ayrı ayrı analiz edilen nitel ve nicel bulgular, araştırmanın sonuç bölümüne entegre edilerek açıklanmıştır. Araştırmanın hem nitel hem de nicel sonuçları, Türkiye’de okula erken başlayan öğrencilerin akademik anlamda daha başarısız olduğunu göstermektedir. Daha küçük yaşta okula başlayan öğrencilerin akademik başarısızlıklarını, öğretmen görüşleri de desteklemektedir.
METNİ ANLAMLANDIRMA SÜRECİNİN UNSURLARI: ANA FİKİR, YARDIMCI FİKİR, KONU
Authors: BAKİ Yasemin
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmada, Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının metni anlamlandırma sürecinin unsurlarından olan ana fikir, yardımcı fikir ve konu kavramlarına ve bunların okuma sürecine etkisine ilişkin görüşlerinin betimlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin durum çalışması deseniyle gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim gören 43 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verilerinin elde edilmesinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler, betimsel analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiş ve grafikler hâlinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda ana fikri belirlemeyi öğrenme sürecinde öğretmenlerin aktif bir role sahip olduğu, bu beceriyi kazanma süreçlerinde ortaokul evresinin en önemli evre olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adayları ana fikir ve konu kavramlarını ayırt etmekte zorlandıkları bu iki unsurun belirlenmesinde ise en çok metni okuduktan sonra otomatik olarak belirleme stratejisini kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adayları metnin ana fikrine rağmen yardımcı fikirlerini belirlemede daha yetkin olduklarını düşünmekte olup metnin yardımcı fikirlerini en çok metnin ana fikrinden hareketle belirleme stratejisini kullandıkları görülmüştür. Ana fikri belirlerken en çok şiir türünde zorlanan öğretmen adayları metnin konusu, ana fikri ve yardımcı fikrilerini belirleyebilmelerinin okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin yanı sıra okuma sürecinin duyuşsal değişkenleri olan okuma motivasyonu, okuma tutum ve okuma kaygılarını etkilediğini belirtmişlerdir.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa
Authors: Asmara Dedi
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in learning outcomes of science material special characteristics of living animals using jigsaw learning methods in grade VI students of SD Negeri 06 Sialang, Kapur IX District, Lima Puluh Kota District. This research is an experimental research in the form of Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the subjects in this study being class VI students totaling 24 students. Data collection techniques in this study are; (1) observation of teacher activity, (2) observation of student activity, and (3) test of learning outcomes. Based on the results of the study found an increase in the average value of the class of research subjects rose from the pre-cycle average value of 74.16, cycle I 79.58 to 87.08 in cycle II and PTK was considered successful. Conclusions, based on the results of the study, the jigsaw method can improve science learning achievement in grade VI students with special characteristics of animal living things in SD Negeri 06 Sialang, Kapur IX District, Lima Puluh Kota.

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Cooperative Learning Methods, Jigsaw Learning
Strategi Guru Agama Desa dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’a Warga Desa
Authors: Joni Rama , Rahman Abdul , Yanuarti Eka
Published: October 2022

This study aims to explore and find out the strategies of village religious teachers in improving the ability to read the Koran of Turan Baru villagers especially those aged 40 years and older. By using descriptive qualitative writing methods, data obtained using interviews and observations. The informants in this study were religious teachers and students studying the Koran in the village of Turan Baru. The results of the study obtained information that there are several strategies implemented by the Turan Baru Village Religion Teachers to improve the students' ability to read the Qur'an, namely; routine recitation; strategies for listening and correcting santri readings during recitation; motivate students in learning to read the Qur'an. The listening strategy used by village religious teachers is still quite effective in improving the ability to read Al-Qur'an of pilgrims who are above the age of 40 years and above, because when there is an error the teacher can immediately correct the mistakes of the congregation. Conclusions, methods and listening strategies in reading the Qur'an in the village of Turan Baru is one way to improve the ability to read the Qur'an, this strategy also increases the enthusiasm of learning of the congregation, which will eventually bring the congregation the better in reading the Qur'an with the correct reading rules.

Keywords: Strategy, Village Religion Teachers, Al-Qur'an Reading Ability
Influence of feeding conditions on substance exchange rates in pigs
Authors: Zasukha Yu. , Povoznikov M. , Gryshchenko S. , Hryshchenko N.
Published: October 2022

The article examines the influence of feeding conditions of suckling piglets on the indicators of their protein, lipid, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamin metabolism. The purpose of the scientific and economic experiment was to establish the effect of the suckling regime of piglets on their metabolic rates. For this purpose, 4 groups of sows with three heads in each were formed on the principle of analogues. Five days after farrowing, 10 piglets were left in each nest during weaning. This took into account their live weight at birth and at 5 days of age. The sows of the control group fed 10 piglets, while the sows of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups fed 20, 30 and 40 piglets, respectively.

After the piglets reached 5 days of age, the suckling regime, except for the animals of the control group, was artificially regulated. To do this, sows were expelled for the time provided by the scheme of the experiment on the playground, where they received according to the norms of feeding standard feed.

The suckling piglets received cow's milk and weaning from a place where they were fed, and had free access to feed according to age.

Studies have shown that reducing the amount of suckling piglets to 8-24 times a day compared to piglets that had free access to the sow is accompanied by an increase in blood total protein, non-esterified fatty acids, calcium, phosphorus, carotene and vitamin A. The level of creatine kinase and lipase in the blood of suckling piglets decreased to 8-24 times during the day. It was found that different subsystem regimes and the associated unequal feed intake of piglets, which regulated the time between pods, led to a decrease in their blood total lipids and phospholipids, immunoglobulins, hemoglobin and alkaline blood capacity compared to piglets that had free access. to the sow during the weaning period.
Biologically active feeding of bee colonies in spring
Authors: Zasukha Yu. , Adamchuk L. , Antoniv A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction Environmental degradation, including pesticide stress on the environment, reduction of natural feed resources, monoculture farming in agriculture and the reduction of the nectar productivity of honey plants due to climate change negatively affect the nutritional status of honey bees and create the need for the use of additional biologically active animal feed.

Purpose. The goal of the work was to study the effectiveness of methods of feeding bees with biologically active fertilizers in the spring period.

Methods. The research was carried out in March-April 2022 on 10 bee colonies of the Ukrainian population on a private apiary in Bila Tserkva Raion, Kyiv Oblast. The selection of bee colonies for research was carried out by the method of analogues by strength, number of brood and feed. Natural honey from herbs, bee pollen from phacelia and therapeutic and prophylactic drug Bivita + (TM BeeWell) were used as components to create a complete feeding of bee colonies.

Results and Discussion. Feedings based on natural honey from different herbs in the form of candy and honey diluted with water are not equally used by bee colonies of the Ukrainian population. According to the results of the conducted studies, it is most effective to feed bee colonies in spring at an average daily temperature of +6...+ 15 by honey diluted with water with a biologically active Bivita+ supplement, which bees used 100 ml per 18 hours. Other variants of bee feedings were used with less intensity in such a sequence: candy from Bivita, honey diluted with water with a phacelia bee pollen, honey diluted with water without additives, candy with a phacelia bee pollen. Candy and honey diluted with water with the addition of bee pollen were used by bees the worst. Prospects for further research are to develop a year-round scheme of feeding bee colonies using biologically active substances in order to fully nourish the bees.
Productivity of chicken broilers at different levels and ratios between arginine and lysine in compound feed
Authors: Yu. Zasukha , V. Otchenashko , Ilchuk I. , Gryshchenko S.
Published: October 2022

The article presents research to determine the optimal levels and ratios of arginine and lysine in complete feed for broiler chickens of different ages. The object of research was broiler chickens "Cobb-500". The experiments were performed by the group method. During the main period of 42 days, taking into account the age of the chickens, there were three subperiods: 1-10; 11–22; 23–42 days. 600 heads of 1-day-old broiler chickens were selected for the experiments, from which 6 groups of 100 heads each were formed on the principle of analogues. The age and live weight of chickens were taken into account when selecting analogues.

Chickens were kept in one room on the floor at a planting density of 12 heads per 1 m2. The feeding front was 2.5 cm, the watering front was 1.5 cm. The air temperature and lighting of the premises corresponded to the sanitary norms adopted in poultry farming.

The chickens were fed compound feed twice a day. The level of lysine and arginine in poultry diets was regulated by the introduction of synthetic preparations of these amino acids in the feed.

According to the scheme of the experiment, broiler chickens were fed complete feed during the experiment, balanced in metabolic energy and all nutrients, in accordance with the standards recommended by Cobb. The set and quantity of the main ingredients in the feed were regulated depending on the period of growing chickens (1-10, 11-22 and 23-42 days) and the required content of lysine and arginine.

As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the wide arginine-lysine ratio helped to increase the growth rate by reducing feed costs per 1 kg of growth in all periods of cultivation. A slight narrowing of the arginine-lysine ratio contributed to gains at the control level, or slightly higher. With a more significant increase in the share of lysine, the gains decreased incredibly, but more significantly, also increased feed costs.
Harmfulness of invasive species gall mites (Acariformes: Eriophyidae) ‒ phyllophages Juglans Regia L., in urbocenoses of Dnipro sity
Authors: Lazariev А. , І. Zaitseva
Published: October 2022

For the first time, a detailed analysis of Juglans regia L. leaf damages caused by two species of invasive gall mites ‒ Aceria erinea (Nalepa, 1891) and A. tristriata (Nalepa, 1890), in green plantings of Dnipro had done. The research was carried out in different types of urban plantations (ravine, island area, parks, squares, hospital plots and residential areas) where 75 model trees J. regia grow.

The overall level of damage to walnut leaves by gall mites in the urbocenoses of the Dnipro is 42.8 %. No mites were found in the Tunel’na gully. The level of harmfulness is dominated by the mite A. tristriata. The degree of J. regia leaves colonization by A. tristriata is 27.3 %, which is almost twice as high as that of A. erinea (15.5 %).

In experimental plots where the mite A. tristriata is particularly harmful, J. regia trees are more than 50 years old and grow in linear planting under the canopy of the embankment or retaining wall in sufficient moisture condition. The average population density of J. regia leaves by A. erinea mite is from 1 to 6.2 galls per simple leaf (maximum ‒ 20); A. tristriata ‒ from 19.1 to 144.2 (1411), respectively. The study is planned to continue to identify a complex of invasive insects ‒ J. regia phyllophages.
Development of the category of voice in old Germanic languages in the context of "inverted synchrony"
Authors: Shapochkina O. V.
Published: October 2022

The paper describes the category of voice in Old Germanic languages on the basis of historical linguistics. The inventory of voice precategory constructions in Gothic-Scandinavian and West German areas has been outlined. The aim of the paper is to analyze peculiarities of the category of voice in Old Germanic languages in the context of "inverted synchrony". The results of typological studies concerning specifics of origin and development of the category of voice have significantly broadened the idea of its functioning, and determined the asymmetry of voice oppositions within the paradigm. The key findings resulted in grammatical voice distribution on active, reverse, passive, reciproc, mediopassive voices and different levels of grammaticalization. It has been established the grammatical category of voice is dynamic and acquires various transformations. In the historical periods of its formation the categoty of voice exemplified features of mobility within open dynamic systems. It has been found that in Old Germanic the voice grammatical constructions were not formed completely, that is why the periphrastic constructions were the first implementers of the category of voice and were the basis for emergence of grammatical constructions with elements of categorial content. The author of the paper outlines system relations in the paradigm of the category of voice, marked by gradual qualitative changes, which were extremely intense at the end of the Old Germanic period. Prospects for the following studies lie in the formation of grammatical means for realization the voice pre-category constructions in the ancient period of the studied languages.
Prothèses totales de cheville sur arthrose varisante modérée à sévère Étude de la survie à plus de huit ans de recul et des principales causes d’échec. Intérêt des procédures chirurgicales associées à l’arthroplastie
Authors: Haen T.-X. , Bredicianu R. , Gaudot F.
Published: October 2022

Les prothèses totales de cheville (PTC) implantées en cas de déformation tibiotalienne en varus constituent un enjeu important, compte tenu de leur relative fréquence, et des taux de complications plus élevés habituellement rapportés. Il existe actuellement une controverse dans la littérature quant au degré de déformation maximale pouvant autoriser une PTC, et les procédures chirurgicales à associer restent à préciser. L’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier la survie à moyen et long termes des PTC implantées en cas d’arthrose varisante de cheville, et d’étudier les paramètres conditionnant les échecs, notamment les procédures associées ou l’importance de la déformation initiale. Nous avons conduit une étude rétrospective monocentrique incluant, parmi toutes les PTC posées entre 2000 et 2008, les dossiers correspondant à une déformation, entre axe mécanique tibial et surface talienne, supérieure à 10° dans le plan frontal. Quarantedeux chevilles (38 patients d’âge moyen 61,1 ± 11,6 ans) ont été incluses. La survie a été calculée, et les facteurs potentiellement responsables d’échecs majeurs ont été étudiés (étiologie, déformations radiologiques, pré-et postopératoire, mesures chirurgicales associées…). Le score AOFAS a également évalué, en préopératoire et au recul. Le recul moyen était de 8,7 ans. Il y avait quatre patients décédés et trois perdus de vue. Le score AOFAS était passé de 39,9 en moyenne en préopératoire à 79,4 en moyenne en postopératoire. La déformation préopératoire moyenne était égale à 18,0 ± 7,3° (10–43) en varus. Elle était corrigée à 2,6 ± 3,7°. Il y avait 11 échecs majeurs sur 42 PTC. La survie moyenne était de 81,4 % ± 0,06 à huit ans. Les échecs majeurs étaient statistiquement plus fréquents en cas de déformation frontale importante en préopératoire (mais pas en postopératoire) et de reprise pour cause mineure. Une libération ligamentaire médiale a été réalisée systématiquement, une retente latérale a été réalisée dans deux cas (ayant abouti à deux échecs), une arthrodèse du couple de torsion dans quatre cas (deux échecs) et une ostéotomie dans deux cas (un échec). Cette étude avec recul supérieur à huit ans confirme la faisabilité des PTC en cas d’arthrose varisante importante, mais indique également la rigueur nécessaire de l’indication et de l’intervention, incluant les gestes associés.
Treatment of a ruptured blister aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery with telescoping Pipeline Flex embolization devices with Shield Technology
Authors: Budohoski Karol P. , Rennert Robert C. , Mortimer Vance , Couldwell William T. , Grandhi Ramesh
Published: October 2022

Ruptured blister aneurysms have significant rates of morbidity and mortality, but evidence of positive results with use of flow-diverting stents such as the Pipeline embolization device (PED) is growing. The authors describe the staged endovascular treatment of a ruptured left internal carotid artery blister aneurysm in a patient with a Hunt and Hess grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage. PED placement was done via the common femoral artery using a triaxial delivery system. The telescoping stent technique performed over 48–72 hours achieved sufficient coverage of the aneurysm neck while limiting treatment time during the acute presentation and allowing interim dual antiplatelet treatment. A staged approach allows the targeting of a second PED placement in patients whose aneurysm continues to fill on the first follow-up angiogram. The authors have not experienced increased thromboembolic complications with this approach. Complete occlusion was achieved by postbleed day 8.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2022.7.FOCVID2264
Study on the Application of Fly Ash for Soil Amelioration
Authors: Tu Nguyen Ngoc , Huy Trinh Quang , Cong Vo Huu , Ha Nguyen Thi Thu , Ha Dinh Thi , Hang Ho Thi Thuy
Published: October 2022

In this study, pot culture experiments were carried out to investigate the most suitable level of fly ash for the amelioration of soil that can enhance the management of fly ash. The fly ash recovered from the Mong Duong 2 coal-fired thermal power plant and had the main chemical composition of oxygen (43%), Si (26%), Al (15%), K (9%), and Fe (6%). The addition of fly ash to light texture soil increased some of the basic properties of the soil, such as moisture, cation exchange capacity, mechanical composition, and organic matter content. The results of the performance evaluation of an experimental crop (soybeans) showed the effects of the amended soil on the growth of the experimental plants, namely the number of fruits, number of nodules, and their dry biomass. The incorporation of manure into the sandy soil was amended with fly ash in the pot experiment as a single application of fly ash may not provide enough nutrients for plant growth despite its ameliorant effect on soil structure. The appropriate fly ash addition rate from 10-30% w/w is recommended in soil amelioration applications based on the results of this study. This research opens up an application direction for fly ash, a by-product generated from the operation of coal-fired power plants in Vietnam.
الأدب العباسي في مجلة الآداب
Authors: Abdul Reda Bushra Salam , Hamza Nasira Ahmed
Published: October 2022

وجه الباحثون المعاصرون عنايتهم بالموروث البلاغي حينما أدركوا ضرورة الاهتمام باللغة العربية والحفاظ عليها، والرغبة في استكناه جمالية النصوص الأدبية فيها، فظهرت المؤلفات والكتب التي تهتم بدراسة العلوم البلاغية، وشغلت الدراسات المهتمة بالقضايا البلاغية كتب النقد والأدب، فضلا عن المجلات الثقافية والأكاديمية التي تصدر عن الجامعات ومنها مجلة الآداب، فقد شغلت الدراسات البلاغية حيّزا كبيرا منها واتخذت تلك الدراسات صنفين من حيث طبيعة البحث في تلك القضايا، أولُها: الدراسات التنظيرية، وهي التي تهتم بتتبّع نشأة العلوم البلاغية وتطوّر مصطلحاتها عِبْرَ عصور الأدب مقترنة بالتاريخ، وثانيها: الدراسات التطبيقية تلك التي تتخذ من الشعر العربي في العصر العباسي مجالا لتطبيق علوم البلاغة وفنونها عند الشعراء العباسيين، وتشكّل النسبة الأكبر من سابقتها في المجلة, وفي ما يلي يستعرض هذه البحث الدراسات المتضمنة للقضايا البلاغية في الادب العباسي المنشورة في مجلة الآداب منذ تأسيسها عام 1959 الى عام 2010 بحسب صنفيها.
تدوين التاريخ الإسلامي عند السنة والشيعة
Authors: Zwain Qassim Khalaf Salman , Abed Al-Mohammadi Hussein
Published: October 2022

يمكن القول إن الاتجاهات في قراءة التاريخ وتدوينه لأية أمّة من الأمم تتعدّد بتعدّد الغايات والتحزّبات في تلك الأمّة، فإنّ تعدّد الحركات السياسية والمذاهب الدينية والولاءات القومية والمصالح الشخصية يوجب تعدّد الاتجاهات والقراءات للواقعة الواحدة، ويحتّم الاختلاف في النظر والرؤية لتلك الحادثة، ومن ثمّ في تحليلها وتفسيرها، بل في تصديقها والأخذ بها أو تكذيبها والإعراض عنها.

فالمادة التاريخية وكيفيّة قراءتها وتأويلها غالبا ما تكون مثارا للخلاف والتباين بين أصحاب التوجهات المختلفة؛ فكلّ – حسب العادة والطبيعة البشرية - يقرأ التاريخ ويدوّنه بما يوافق معتقده ومذهبه.

ولم يكن تاريخنا الإسلامي بمنأى عن ذلك، فقد تعدّدت قراءاته وتباينت أحداثه؛ بحسب توجهات المؤرّخين وأهوائهم، وانعكاس التحيّزات والانتماءات السياسية والمذهبية على ما سطّرت أقلامهم، وكان حصيلة ذلك عدم التمكّن من معرفة تاريخنا الإسلامي كما كان، ولم يصلنا إلا تاريخ مشوّش مضطرب، لا يكاد يصمد أمام النقد والفحص، ولا يقاوم أمام التنقيب والبحث، يَحكي ويُخبر عن سيرة كلّ مَنْ تربّع على كرسيّ الحكم والخلافة، وكلّ مَنْ حَكَمَ باسم رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وآله مهما كانت نواياه وغاياته، فيعطي عناية خاصة لتاريخ الخلفاء والملوك، ويُغضي ويتعامى عن الخط الرسالي الأصيل المتمثّل بالقادة الربانيين الذين نصبهم رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وآله لحفظ الرسالة وصيانتها من التحريف، والذين تفرّدوا بكتابة التاريخ الإسلامي على أصوله، من دون زيف وتشويه، ولا مصانعة وتحريف، بالرغم من حظر السلطات الحاكمة للتدوين، والضغط الذي كانت تمارسه على الصحابة والتابعين.

ويمكن القول ان الاتجاهات الإسلامية في كتابة التاريخ، منها: ما أكل عليه الدهر وشرب، ومنها: ما اندمج وانصهر في غيره، وعلى ضوء ذلك لم يبق - اليوم - الا اتجاهين رئيسيين مختلفين متفاوتين في قراءة التاريخ وتدوينه، لكلّ منهما أسلوبه ومنهجه، ومتبنياته وثوابته.

الاتجاه الأول لأهل السنة والجماعة، او مدرسة الحكم والخلافة، حيث انطلقوا من فكرة أن الصحابة يمثّلون المصدر الوحيد والواسطة التي تربط بينهم وبين النبيّ الأكرم صلّى الله عليه وآله، فحكموا بعدالة جميع الصحابة، ولزوم الأخذ عنهم من دون بحث وتحقيق، وعدم جواز الجرح والتعديل في حقّهم، ولا السؤال عن عدالتهم، بل أنه أمر مفروغ منه.

والاتجاه الثاني لأتباع مدرسة أهل البيت عليهم السلام، حيث اعتقدوا بأنّ أئمّة أهل البيت عليهم السلام مُنَصّبون من قبل الله سبحانه بعد النبيّ الأكرم صلّى الله عليه وآله، ووجوب اتّباعهم، والأخذ عنهم، وتقديمهم على جميع الصحابة بدون استثناء.

وهناك اتجاه ثالث يمثّله المستشرقون، وله انعكاسات قد تكون خطيرة في بعض جوانبه على تقديم التاريخ الإسلامي وروايته، لا دخل له بنظرة المسلمين الى الغاية والهدف من كتابة التاريخ الإسلامي، بل لهم دوافعهم وغاياتهم وأهدافهم الخاصة.

وسوف نركّز في هذا البحث على خصوص القواعد التي كان لها تأثير وفاعليّة في تصنيف المؤرّخين المسلمين الى هذين الاتجاهين؛ اتجاه أهل السنّة والجماعة واتجاه أتباع أهل البيت عليهم السلام؛ وذلك لأن القواعد العامة في كتابة التاريخ العام والتاريخ الإسلامي بالخصوص قواعد مشتركة غالبا؛ لا خلاف فيها إلا في بعض الجزئيات والتفسيرات التي يتبنّاها هذا الاتجاه أو ذاك.
Twilytics: A Social Perception Analysis of Public Transit Systems during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   San Jose State University, Etu Egbe-Etu , Tenebe Imokhai ,   Mineta Transportation Institute, Parma Ankur ,   San Jose State University, Yelamanchili Likhitha ,   San Jose State University, Nguyen Dang Minh Nhu ,   San Jose State University, Tran Louis ,   San Jose State University, Markevych Ihor ,   Mineta Transportation Institute
Published: October 2022

In the United States, public transit ridership in 2020 declined by 79% compared to 2019 levels. With lockdowns implemented during the early days of the pandemic, direct human-to-human interactions migrated to virtual platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit). Social media platforms have aided researchers in answering numerous questions about current societal dilemmas, including COVID-19. This study investigates the public’s perception of transit systems via a social media analysis given the emergence of vaccines and other COVID-19 preventive measures. Findings revealed themes of fear and confusion concerning the use of public transportation during the pandemic. The public had doubts regarding the vaccines’ impact on transportation and movement throughout 2021, with most users concerned about the proliferation of new variants. Twitter users were concerned about the travel bans placed on African countries amidst the Omicron variant and urged the government to remove the bans. These findings will help bridge the gap between public health, transport, and commuter needs by helping transportation authorities and city planners better understand the social perception of transit systems during a pandemic.
Transfer Prices and Compensation: an Activity-Based Costing Approach in the Telelcommunications Industry
Authors: Lueg Rainer
Published: October 2022

This case study showcases how the introduction of Time-driven Activity based Costing may help to manage product profitability. A division of the telecommunication corporation Y-FI intents to implement Activity Based Costing to improve its product profitability. This also allows the company to incentivize the executives by setting motivating targets and feasible transfer prices. This case is suitable for in class application as well as exam for students in the fields of management, operations, and accounting. At the end of the case, open questions are provided that the lecturer can select based on the level of knowledge of the students. The questions also serve as a basis for discussions that allow to raise the awareness of the students for the limits of linear bonus contracts. The goal of the case is to learn how incentive structures may lead to dysfunctional decisions if not in consent to the business model.
[Retracted] Political Transition in Sudan
Authors: Balew Liyew Estifanos
Published: October 2022

This manuscript has been retracted at the request of the author due to scholarly deficiencies. The author recognized the absence of a detailed methodology section, use of inappropriate language for academic discourse, and inclusion of sensitive issues without adequate evidential support. We appreciate the author's commitment to upholding the standards of academic integrity and scholarship.
[Retracted] GERD: A Catalyst for Nation-Building Process in Ethiopia
Authors: Balew Liyew Estifanos
Published: October 2022

This manuscript has been retracted at the request of the author due to methodological deficiencies. The author recognized the absence of a detailed methodology section, insufficient substantiation of key arguments with adequate references, and a lack of clarity in distinguishing between closely related concepts. Additionally, the need for more rigorous support for sensitive topics discussed was acknowledged. We appreciate the author's commitment to upholding academic integrity and standards.
Natural Resource Windfalls: Effects in Non-producing Areas
Authors: Alejandro Ome , Gerson Javier Pérez-Valbuena
Published: October 2022

We study the impact of natural resource royalties on educational outcomes in Colombia. We analyze a reform enacted in 2012 that made the distribution of these royalties more equitable. Before the reform, most royalties were assigned to the regions where the natural resources were exploited; with the reform non-producing regions started to receive royalties. We estimate the impact of the reform on regions that most benefited from it, using the international price of oil as an instrument in a difference-in-differences framework. We found positive impacts on enrollment in primary, secondary, and high schools, but no conclusive evidence on academic achievement at any of these levels.
First substantiated record of slender goby Gobius geniporus (Osteichthyes: Gobiidae) from the Syrian coast (Eastern Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Saad Adib , Basha Nour Ali , Hamwi Nader , Tufahha Abdullah , Capape Christian
Published: October 2022

A specimen of slender goby Gobius geniporus Valenciennes, 1837 was caught on 21 February 2021, from the Syrian coast at a depth of 13 m. This specimen measured 87 mm in total length and weighed 6.89 g. The present finding represents the first record of G. geniporus from the Syrian coast and confirms the species occurrence in the Levant Basin, eastern region from the Mediterranean Sea.
O processo de criação de estórias com crianças hospitalizadas
Authors: Gramacho Patrícia Marinho
Published: October 2022

A ACCG - Associação de Combate ao Câncer em Goiás atua junto ao Hospital Araújo Jorge, que é especializado no tratamento oncológico, atendendo principalmente a pacientes provenientes das regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte do Brasil. O trabalho proposto tem como objetivo a descrição do processo de criação de estórias, realizado pelas crianças internadas no serviço de Pediatria deste hospital. Forma-se com as crianças um grupo de atividades lúdicas coordenado por uma psicológa, durante o período de nove meses. Segue-se a análise qualitativa dos conteúdos apresentados, para melhor se compreender a realidade interna de cada criança, ampliando-se os canais de contato com a equipe que a cerca. Procura-se demonstrar que é construindo diferentes formas de representação inconsciente que as crianças se apropriam da realidade e assimilam esta realidade externa-adulta a sua realidade interna.
O câncer e o doente oncológico segundo a visão de enfermeiros
Authors: Ferreira Noelí Marchioro Liston Andrade
Published: October 2022

Este estudo foi realizado com objetivo de identificar a representação social feita sobre o câncer e o paciente com câncer manifestada por enfermeiros que trabalhavam ou trabalharam com pacientes oncológicos. Os dados foram examinados segundo a análise temática dos discursos à luz dos pressupostos do construtivismo. Os resultados indicam que os enfermeiros consultados tinham uma imagem negativa em relação ao câncer, identificando-se com a representação que a sociedade tem da doença. Porém, à medida que eles conviviam com os pacientes oncológicos, essa visão foi se modificando. Quanto ao paciente oncológico, na visão desses enfermeiros, o gratificante é o fato de ele ser muito receptivo aos cuidados prestados; muitas vezes, o paciente é visto como “bonzinho”, carente, indefeso e, no caso de crianças, sem apresentar os mesmos sofrimentos do adulto.
O processo educacional na promoção de ações comunitárias em Saúde
Authors: Andrade Vera , Coelho Maria Alice Sigaud M.
Published: October 2022

O presente trabalho pretende discutir o processo de comunicação, informação e educação permanente dos profissionais da saúde e da comunidade visando a contribuir para uma maior integração das ações de prevenção e de controle de doenças. Discute as modificações observadas no Brasil, na organização dos movimentos sociais e suas relações com os serviços de saúde, e como esta mudança tem sido um desafio para a criação de novas práticas educacionais na área da saúde. Apresenta as diferentes etapas que devem ser seguidas no planejamento, desenvolvimento e avaliação de um projeto educativo voltado para a promoção de ações educativas para os profissionais da saúde e a comunidade: a definição da população-alvo, a construção dos materiais educativos, o teste dos materiais produzidos, a utilização dos materiais, a escolha da metodologia de ensino. o treinamento dos multiplicadores e a avaliação.
O envolvimento de genes e proteínas na regulação da apoptose – Carcinogênese
Authors: Delfino Ana Bárbara M. , Barreto Emandes Campos , Silva Jr. Edejar Teixeira da , Mendonça Renato Gonçalves de , Ornellas Maria Helena
Published: October 2022

A apoptose é um fator importante em muitos processos biológicos normais, tais como a embriogênese, o desenvolvimento do sistema imune, a maturação e a diferenciação celular. Em situações patológicas, a apoptose parece estar implicada na imunodeficiência, resistência a drogas e carcinogênese. Sabe-se que a carcinogênese envolve alterações genéticas cumulativas em oncogenes e genes supressores de tumor. Dessa forma, o prognóstico de cada tumor humano parece depender do equilíbrio entre os diversos genes, sendo previsível que um conhecimento mais profundo da cooperação e antagonismo entre esses genes possa fornecer num futuro próximo informações clinicamente relevantes. Nós revisamos alguns dos mais recentes progressos a respeito de genes envolvidos na apoptose e nos cânceres humanos (p53, bcl-2, c-myc, fas-APO-l, mdr-1) e suas implicações clínicas.
Diferenças clínicas, epidemiológicas e biológicas entre o câncer na criança e no adulto
Authors: Petrilli Antonio Sérgio , Carneiro Jr. José Leite , Cypriano Monica , Angel Andréa , Toledo Silvia
Published: October 2022

O câncer representa hoje a primeira causa de morte por doença entre a população de faixa etária compreendida entre 1 e 21 anos nos Estados Unidos e em outros países economicamente desenvolvidos. No Brasil, esta doença figura como a terceira causa de morte por doença entre a população de faixa etária compreendida entre 1 e 14 anos, sendo já a primeira causa de óbito no município e no estado de São Paulo no grupo etário compreendido entre 5 e 14 anos, excluindo-se acidentes e causas externas. O objetivo deste artigo é informar a classe médica, principalmente a pediátrica, das particularidades do câncer infantil e de suas diferenças com as formas dos adultos, mais conhecidas e frequentes. Graças à moderna abordagem multidisciplinar, o câncer infantil pode atingir índices de cura de 60% a 70%, mas, para tal, é imprescindível o diagnóstico precoce. Portanto, é importante que toda a comunidade pediátrica mostre-se motivada e informada sobre os sinais e sintomas das neoplasias pediátricas, já que não dispomos de métodos de “screening” tão úteis e eficazes como para o controle do câncer do adulto.
Pro-Onco 10 anos
Authors: Abreu Evaldo de
Published: October 2022

O Programa de Oncologia, Pro-Onco, quando foi criado, era uma estrutura técnico-administrativa da extinta Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer, passando a ser, em março de 1990, uma coordenadoria do Instituto Nacional de Câncer; a Coordenação de Programas de Controle de Câncer.
El programa nacional de control de cáncer en Cuba
Authors: Salvá Armando Rodríguez , Garcia Antonio Martin , Rodríguez Rolando Camacho
Published: October 2022

El cáncer constituye un importante problema de salud en todo el mundo. Con Ias possibilidades reales de prevención, diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento adecuado de esta enfermedad, la Organización Mundial de la Salud recomendo en 1985 a sus países miembros la implementación de Programas Nacionales de Control de cáncer, con la intensión de organizar la lucha contra el cáncer. En Cuba, donde el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte, con tendencia a incrementarse tanto la incidencia como la mortalidad, algunas medidas de control venían perfilando desde la década de los sesenta. El Programa de Reducción de la Mortalidad por Cáncer se implementó en 1987 y posteriormente, mejor definido, organizado y teniendo en cuenta los Objetivos, Propósitos y Directrices del Ministério de Salud Pública de Cuba hasta el ano 2000, se convirtió en el Programa Nacional de Control de Cáncer. Este templa acciones en la educación sanitaria a la problación, la prevención, el diagnóstico precoz, el tratamiento eficaz y la atención al paciente sin posibilidades de curación y com dolor. Se destaca la importancia de Ias actividades dei Médico de Familia y el equipo de Atención Primaria en el éxito de este Programa.
O significado cultural de ser laringectomizado
Authors: Zago Márcia Maria Fontão , Sawada Namie Okino , Stopa Maria José Rossato , Martinez Eiizabeth Luna
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste estudo exploratório é apreender o significado cultural de ser laringectomizado. O estudo envolve a análise indutiva do conteúdo das falas dos 24 participantes do GARPO nos anos de 1991 a 1994, fundamentada nos elementos da cultura. Os significados culturais que emergiram foram classificados em categorias: ser diferente, ser dependente, ter baixa auto-estima e ter esperança. A análise dos significados culturais mostrou como esses participantes lidam com sua condição dentro do seu contexto sócio-cultural. Consequentemente, as atividades desenvolvidas pelo grupo podem ser redimensionadas, facilitando a reabilitação dessas pessoas.
Estudos bibliográficos sobre publicações brasileiras relacionadas a aspectos psicossociais do câncer infantil, no período de 1980 à 1997
Authors: Moreira Gisele Machado da Silva , Valle Elizabeth Ranaer Martins do
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho constitui- se de estudo de revisão bibliográfica de publicações brasileiras relacionadas a aspectos psicossociais do câncer infantil, no período de 1980 à 1997. Tem o objetivo de obter uma visão do que está sendo pesquisado e divulgado no Brasil, além da verificação de possíveis lacunas existentes na área e dos métodos de trabalho utilizados. As fontes de dados foram as seguintes: periódicos nacionais, anais de encontros e simpósios da área, congressos brasileiros de enfermagem e psicologia e bases de dados informatizadas. Trabalhos traduzidos ou publicados na forma de resumo foram excluídos deste estudo. A análise dos resultados está pautada nos referenciais da pesquisa qualitativa. De modo geral, os estudos buscam compreender a experiência das pessoas envolvidas com o câncer infantil: criança, família e equipe hospitalar. As pesquisas revelam que a doença abrange várias faces (física, social, psicológica) e que o atendimento à criança deve ser global (físico/psicológico/ social).
Covid-19 e os Impactos na Saúde Mental dos Profissionais de Saúde que atuam na Área da Oncologia: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Ramos Ana Paula Silveira , Roussenq Suellen Cristina , Dias Mirella , Benetti Magnus
Published: October 2022

Introdução: O ambiente oncológico, por si só, já e um local que frequentemente expõe os profissionais que ali trabalham a enfrentar vivencias e experiencias de sofrimento no dia a dia pelas características da própria patologia. Objetivo: Verificar e analisar as evidencias do impacto da doença pelo coronavírus 2019 (covid-19) sobre a saúde mental de profissionais de saúde que atuam na area da oncologia. Método: Pesquisa realizada nas bases Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO e Embase, e avaliação segundo a metodologia STROBE. Resultados: Foram incluídos nove artigos, evidenciando a fragilidade do sistema de saúde do mundo inteiro diante de uma pandemia e afetando a saúde tanto dos pacientes quanto dos profissionais de saúde, em especial os que estavam na chamada “linha de frente”. Esses fatores provocaram altas cargas de tensão, medo, insegurança e insatisfação profissional. Conclusão: Estratégias de prevenção de doenças emocionais relacionadas ao trabalho especifico dos profissionais de saúde que atuem na área da oncologia devem ser implementadas para preservar a saúde mental dos profissionais.
The pleiotropic role of melatonin against chromium-induced cardiovascular infirmities: a mechanistic insight
Authors: Ghosh Priyanka , Dey Tiyasa , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: October 2022

Currently, cardiovascular diseases are still the number one killer in the world. These include hypertension, coronary heart disease, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, etc. One of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is environmental heavy metal pollution which makes the victims more vulnerable to sudden cardiac death. Chromium (Cr) is one of the metals. Cr(VI) is the most hazardous one among its variants.  It is readily across the plasma membrane to cause oxidative damage to intracellular molecules including LDL, proteins, and DNA; therefore, promotes endothelial dysfunction and Ca2+ overload in the heart. As to its molecular mechanism, Cr(VI) downregulates the expressions of SIRTUINS, FOXOs, PGC-1α, and AMPK and upregulates the P53, Akt, and NF-κβ, causing alteration in metabolic pathways, inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis, inducing autophagy and apoptosis. In addition, Cr(VI) alters the expressions of Th1 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) as well as Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10) to induce myocardial inflammation. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant, and an efficient metal chelator can neutralize almost all the alterations caused by Cr(VI). Thus, melatonin can be a selected molecule to protect against Cr(VI)-induced cardiovascular toxicity. This review highlights the etiology of Cr(VI) associated heart diseases and the potentiality of melatonin to prevent Cr(VI)-mediated cardiac oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation.
Mitochondrial dynamics in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Effects of melatonin
Authors: Lochner Amanda , Blignaut Marguerite
Published: October 2022

Timely reperfusion during myocardial infarction paradoxically leads to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondrial quality control has emerged as a key participant in regulation of this process. The aims of this review are to briefly summarize current evidence for the role of mitochondrial quality control in I/R injury and to evaluate whether the cardioprotective actions of melatonin, a potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant, can be attributed to its effects on these processes. Using a variety of experimental models, in vivo and in vitro, melatonin-induced cardioprotection has been demonstrated to be associated with attenuation or reversal of the harmful effects of I/R on parameters of mitochondrial quality control as evidenced by (i) upregulation of mitochondrial fusion and inhibition of fission, particularly Drp1 expression and translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria; (ii) changes in both the conventional and alternative mitophagy pathways. Melatonin significantly upregulates mitochondrial biogenesis and the expression of sirtuins 1, 3 and 6 and has a beneficial effect on mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum interaction in I/R. A novel observation is the ability of melatonin to stimulate intercellular transfer of mitochondria between damaged cells, although this has not yet been demonstrated in myocardial I/R. Melatonin treatment has profound effects on the diabetic heart: it reverses the significant reduction in function and inhibits the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy which was associated with a significant effect on mitochondrial quality control, as evidenced by a reduction in fission. In summary, available evidence supports a major role for mitochondrial quality control in the beneficial actions of melatonin in the I/R heart.
Teaching in preschool during the pandemic: interactions between teacher, students, families and screens
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Rodríguez Hernández Blanca Araceli , Ruiz Reyna Nadia Sarahí ,   Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Published: October 2022

The objective of this paper was to analyze the teaching practice of a preschool teacher in a private school in San Luis Potosi, Mexico, based on the dimensions of effective and represented work. From the analysis of the instructions and the simple self-confrontation, axes of analysis were identified that allowed an approach to the main challenges that the teacher faced with the online education developed during the pandemic by covid-19. The results of the work placed at the center of the discussion the teacher’s challenges and concerns about the ways of teaching online literacy, the relationships with the students’ families when working from home, and the interaction with technology in the virtual classroom. Taken together, the findings broaden the picture of teaching practices during social distancing and contribute to the empirical knowledge of this object of study as a result of the impact generated by the pandemic.
Low Dose CT Denoising by ResNet With Fused Attention Modules and Integrated Loss Functions
Authors: Badretale Seyyedomid , Shaker Fariba , Babyn Paul , Alirezaie Javad
Published: October 2022

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive medical diagnostic tool that has raised public concerns due to the associated health risks of radiation dose to patients. Reducing the radiation dose leads to noise artifacts, making the low-dose CT images unreliable for

diagnosis. Hence, low-dose CT (LDCT) image reconstruction techniques have offered a new research area. In this study, a deep neural network is proposed, specifically a residual network (ResNet) using dilated convolution, batch normalization, and rectified linear unit

(ReLU) layers with fused spatial- and channel-attention modules to enhance the quality of LDCT images. The network is optimized using the integration of per-pixel loss, perceptual loss via VGG16-net, and dissimilarity index loss. Through an ablation experiment, these functions show that they could effectively prevent edge oversmoothing, improve image texture, and preserve the structural details. Finally, comparative experiments showed that the qualitative and quantitative results of the proposed network outperform state-of-the-art

denoising models such as block-matching 3D filtering (BM3D), Markovian-based patch generative adversarial network (patch-GAN), and dilated residual network with edge detection (DRL-E-MP).