bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POR UM MUNDO ONDE CAIBAM MUITOS MUNDOS: PROPOSTAS PARA UM DEBATE EM TORNO DA DESCOLONIZAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Vitória Paulo Renato
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho, pretendo explorar criticamente algumas das limitações dos principais discursos filosóficos que fundamenta, mas concepções hegemônicas sobre direitos humanos no mundo ocidental, invariavelmente fundadas na premissa- visível ou oculta - da superioridade europeia/anglo-americana. Pretendo demonstrar que o positivismo jurídico, ao invés de representar uma alternativa ao jusnaturalismo ocidental cristão/burguês, constituiu historicamente uma importante ferramenta de concretização e validação formal desta visão de mundo. Nesse sentido, procuro deslegitimar a metáforadas ";;;;gerações";;;; de direitos humanos e a tese do ";;;;consenso histórico";;;; em torno dos direitos humanos realmente existentes. Defendo que a construção do mito dos direitos humanos universais - a partir da Declaração de 1948 - serviu precisamente para universalizar a particular visão de mundo ocidental moderna/colonial e para naturalizar a existência de diversas relações de dominação, exploração e império entre os seres humanos concretos e de exploração irresponsável do entorno natural. Este mito atua também no sentido de sequestrar e colonizar o horizonte utópico dos indivíduos e coletivos que lutam por reconhecimento e acaba neutralizando assim o debate em torno da construção de alternativas. Por fim, busco esboçar algumas ideias que possam contribuir à construção coletiva de uma concepção de direitos humanos crítica, descolonial, impura e subversiva que possa servir (e servir-se) aos (dos) distintos processos de luta por um mundo onde caibam muitos mundos. Palavras-chave: direitos humanos, Ocidente, modernidade/colonialidade, descolonização, propostas de diálogo.
CONTRARREFORMA DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NO GOVERNO LULA DA SILVA
Authors: Gregório José Renato Bez de
Published: June 2016

Resumo: O interesse desse estudo concentra-se nas propostas e nos programaseducacionais dirigidos à população pobre das províncias do Amazonas e do Pará.A população dispersa pelo imenso território constituía um obstáculo à difusão dainstrução, argumento explorado exaustivamente pelos administradores em seusrelatórios. Elegeu-se a escola primária pública como uma instituição importante paraanálise, por sua inserção nos lugares mais distantes e pouco povoados da região. Oobjetivo consistiu em analisar a trajetória da expansão da instrução pública primárianas províncias amazônicas, no período de 1870 a 1889, problematizando as estatísticasescolares do período e articulando-as aos debates, embates e às práticas educacionaisna região. Palavras-chave: Instrução pública. Estatística escolar. Amazonas. Pará. 1870-1889.
AS REFORMAS EDUCACIONAIS NA AMÉRICA LATINA NA DÉCADA DE 1990
Authors: Costa Fabio Luciano Oliveira da
Published: June 2016

O artigo aborda as reformas educacionais latino-americanas nos anos de 1990. Não se pretende apresentar novos dados, mas dialogar com a literatura especializada pertinente ao tema, mostrando como a educação mais tem servido aos interesses da acumulação restrita do capital do que proporcionado a emancipação humana. Primeiramente, trata-se das reformas políticas e econômicas neoliberais como subsídio para tentar compreender como a educação contribuiu para a legitimação do novo contexto social. Em seguida, discutem-se as reformas educacionais por meio da gestão e da descentralização da educação, do financiamento e da estruturação dos sistemas educacionais, dos mecanismos de avaliação e do currículo. Por fim, as considerações finais do texto. Palavras-chave: Reformas educacionais. América Latina. Neoliberalismo.
O PERFIL DE PROFESSORES DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE BELÉM
Authors: Farias Adriana de Jesus Diniz
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa “Quem é e quantoganha o professor da Educação Básica da Rede Municipal de Educação de Belém?”, que objetivou traçar um perfil dos professores da Rede Municipal de Educação de Belémde acordo com quatro indicadores: sexo; formação; formação por área de atuação; e remuneração. Utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Concluiu-se que,de acordo com os indicadores, a maioria dos professores é do sexo feminino; têmformação em nível superior, com exceção dos que atuam na Educação Infantil; noque tange à remuneração, a composição salarial demonstra que independentemente da formação, os professores rebem vencimentos iguais e que as gratificações diferenciam o valor das remunerações. Palavras-chave: Perfil dos professores. Rede Municipal de Educação. Educação básica.
A EXPANSÃO DA INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA PELAS FRONTEIRAS REMOTAS DA AMAZÔNIA (1870-1889)
Authors: Rizzini Irma
Published: June 2016

Resumo: O interesse desse estudo concentra-se nas propostas e nos programaseducacionais dirigidos à população pobre das províncias do Amazonas e do Pará.A população dispersa pelo imenso território constituía um obstáculo à difusão dainstrução, argumento explorado exaustivamente pelos administradores em seusrelatórios. Elegeu-se a escola primária pública como uma instituição importante paraanálise, por sua inserção nos lugares mais distantes e pouco povoados da região. Oobjetivo consistiu em analisar a trajetória da expansão da instrução pública primárianas províncias amazônicas, no período de 1870 a 1889, problematizando as estatísticasescolares do período e articulando-as aos debates, embates e às práticas educacionaisna região. Palavras-chave: Instrução pública. Estatística escolar. Amazonas. Pará. 1870-1889.
AS REAÇÕES DOS PROFESSORES PORTUGUESES À POLÍTICA DE AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DOCENTE: TENSÕES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Nunes Cely do Socorro Costa
Published: June 2016

O artigo analisa as reações da Federação Nacional dos Professores de Portugal à atual política de avaliação do desempenho docente, implementada em junho de 2010. Para tanto, levantou-se no site da referida Federação, no período de junho 2010 a março de 2011, um conjunto de manifestos dos quais pudessem ser extraídos posicionamentos dos docentes no que se refere à discordância dessa política. Ao analisar tal política do ponto de vista documental, conclui-se que esta ancora-se, sobretudo, no atendimento da avaliação e das recomendações dos estudos desenvolvidos pela OCDE (2009) acerca da avaliação de professores em Portugal. Na ótica dos sindicatos, tem sido considerada como um dos elementos fundamentais da engenharia educacional implementada pelo Estado avaliador. O modelo atual de avaliação do desempenho docente é polêmico, por isso contestado pela classe docente devido à sua inutilidade, manifestando-se contrária a ele no que se refere a sua forma e conteúdo, situação que contribuiu para a suspensão temporária da referida política, a partir de janeiro de 2011, por parte da Assembleia da República. Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Política de avaliação docente. Desempenho docente.
EVOLUÇÃO E TRANSFORMAÇÕES RECENTES NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRA
Authors: Sousa José Vieira , Rodrigues Maria Marta Do Couto P. , Ferreira Marcos Felipe
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo aborda o processo histórico de surgimento e de evolução da Educação Superior brasileira, bem como os condicionantes sociopolíticos e ideológicos de cada contexto, destacando de forma especial as influências neoliberais e a interferência dos organismos internacionais. A tese defendida é de que, nas duas últimas décadas, houve acelerada expansão e diversificação da Educação Superior com forte incentivo e facilitação da participação do setor privado, muitas vezes de qualidade duvidosa. Dessa forma, resta o desafio de pensar políticas de expansão da educação nesse segmento, sem abrir mão da qualidade necessária para a formação adequada às exigências da sociedade contemporânea. Palavras-chave: Educação Superior. Brasil. Evolução. Expansão. Diversificação.
A commentary on community living: Finding and creating a sense of community
Authors: Cohen Marisa Tamar
Published: June 2016

A sense of community is very important to an individual, as it helps him/her maintain a sense of belongingness and benefit from the availability of social support. While there is a great deal of research regarding how communities are created and maintained, there is still much more to be done. This article describes an informal investigation into peoples’ understanding of community, how they found their social niches, and discussions of the similarities found between different interviewees. The initial approach was to compare and contrast two very different cities: Boston and New York, highlighting the impact the environment has on the ability of one to create his/her social group. However, what was found through conversation was that community is less about the location one is embedded in, and more about lifestyle choices.
Capability Approach: Potential for Transformative Education Research on Gender and Culture in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chikunda Charles
Published: June 2016

Much work has been completed with regards to gender and education. Some strides too, have been made in achieving gender equality in education: the greatest being in physical access to school for boys and girls. However, numerous challenges have been met in this process of attempting to achieve gender equality in education. Researchers have come to some consensus that there exist cultural traits and practices that either constrain or enable achieving gender equality in education (Stromquist, 990; Gordon, 1994; Prasad, 2004; Kalu, 2005; Chikunda, 2010; Chetcuti and Kioko 2012). The purpose of this paper is to argue for the use of Amartya Sen’s capability approach as a theoretical tool to enrich the gender-education discourse with specific focus on culture in Zimbabwe. Emphasis is given to cultural attributes and practices that are deemed retrogressive to achieving gender equality and equity in the country.  It is hoped that this paper will contribute to a discussion on overcoming cultural barriers that prevent certain individuals from converting resources to desired educational functionings.
To feel a look, To see the flesh: Phenomenological reflections of a pierced and tattooed pre-service teacher
Authors: Howard Tanya Kristine , Lloyd Rebecca
Published: June 2016

This phenomenological reflection invites us to consider what it feels like to be looked at, as a visibly pierced and tattooed pre-service teacher, by a supervising principal. Drawing from Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception, theories of the look in education forwarded by Madeleine Grumet, Michel Foucault’s notion of the disciplinary gaze and Luce Irigaray’s work on intersubjectivity, this article delves into the layers of meaning within a piercing moment. This inquiry thus fleshes out what it feels like to be seen as a body-modified teacher in comparison to that of the “expected teacher” image during a time of struggle when one’s newly-forming teacher identity clashes with one’s personal self-identity. It also provides context for better understanding, both palpably and politically, the sense of vision in education from various perspectives: looking within, looking down, the uniform look, the stereotypical look and the mutual look
Colonial thinking, educational policy and social development: The Calliandra in bloom
Authors: Scárdua Martha Paiva , Galvão Afonso , Guimarães-Iosif Ranilce Mascarenhas
Published: June 2016

This paper addresses problems of educational governance in globalization contexts, exploring actions that might become social development options, taking mainly into account Southern authors´ formulations geared towards social development. We suggest, at the end, that such foundations may contribute for the construction of educational policies that will foster global citizenship in the context of the extremely competitive governance arena.
Israel-Palestine: The pedagogical challenge
Authors: Grayston Donald , Chang Dave
Published: June 2016

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict began in a critical sense in 1948 and continues to this day.  An understanding of this continuing dispute requires knowledge of its historical, political, religious, demographic, emotional and geopolitical dimensions, and of the way anti-semitism figures in how people engage in discussions of the Middle-East.  After sketching out these realities, we consider how disagreement over the framing of the past generates disagreement over visions of the future.  Drawing on the work of Jakob Feldt and Ilan Gur-ze’ev, among others, we highlight the challenges posed to educators in regard to how each of the two major narratives, Israeli and Palestinian, compete with the Other’s account of their shared and fractured history.  Using an incident involving the British Columbia Ministry of Education as a reference point, we explore the way special interest groups engage with the realm of public education, as well as the challenge of deconstructing conflicting historical interpretations.  The paper suggests some pedagogical approaches for moving beyond the contesting of histories and for the development of better-grounded student involvement with this complex issue.
Who is being taught? Weaving academic spaces and teaching bodies
Authors: Jaffer Rozmin
Published: June 2016

The notion of embodiment, arising out of Body studies and complex ecological theories, situate the body as central to all social action, experience, learning, and research.  Spatiality duly problematizes “space” and “place” suggesting that the sites which our bodies inhabit are culturally constructed and constructing.  In light of the above, I show how the “teaching” body, as a particular kind of “institutional” body, is enacted, defined, viewed, and treated by others in specific sites.  Furthermore, how is the teaching body--at once rendered racialized and gendered--inscribed, marked, bureaucratized, and regulated in institutional settings?
Decolonizing Diaspora: Whose traditional land are we on?
Authors: Haig-Brown Celia
Published: June 2016

As a way to consider the possibility of decolonizing discourses of diaspora, the central question posed in this paper asks not only where do people of the diaspora come from. In North America, nations have been superimposed on Indigenous lands and peoples through colonization and domination. Taking this relation seriously in the context of discourses of race, Indigeneity and diaspora within university classrooms interrupts business as usual and promises a richer analysis of one particular similiarity amongst diasporic, as well as settler, groups in North America with possible implications beyond this context. In short, the author asks each reader to respond to the question, “Whose traditional land are you on?” as a step in the long process of decolonizing our countries and our lives. While part of the focus for this paper is on theorizing diaspora, there are obvious implications for all people living in a colonized country. Drawing primarily on three pedagogical strategies and events arising from them, the author takes up some of the possibilities for theory-building that they suggest. Reflections on courses taught, student feedback and texts from Toni Morrison’s to James Clifford’s “Indigenous Articulations” ground the discussion.
Exploring school principals' responses to the needs of Somali immigrant students
Authors: Nur Shukri , Nur-Awaleh Mohamed
Published: June 2016

This paper explored school principals’ responses in addressing the perceived educational needs of Somali immigrant/refugee students; and explored how school principals might seek to create culturally responsive and inclusive schools that build a partnership with Somali families. This qualitative exploratory study combined aspects of convenience and purposeful sampling to learn about how the school principals addressed the needs of the Somali immigrant students; and the extent to which they sought to create inclusive schools and build partnerships with the Somali families. We conducted interviews with a total of three school principals in three different schools who served these students and their families. This study shows that in the initial contact with Somali students, the school principals had very little awareness and experience in dealing with Somali refugee and immigrant students who continue to face challenges in adjusting into their schools. To address the educational needs of Somali students requires an approach that transcends the provision of ESL classes. It also requires a transformative leadership approach that advocates for the needs of both the students and the parents and seeks to establish multicultural and mentoring  programs which could play a role in better meeting the educational needs of all students.
Smile (snarl): A poem
Authors: Duchscher Towani
Published: June 2016

In this poem, I examine issues of racial identity, Canadian identity, and racism through reflecting upon a lived confrontation.  I question what it means to be Canadian and how our often limited understandings of the Canadian identity perpetuate the marginalization of some and the inclusion of others. This poem also addresses the ambivalence of living in the hyphen between two races.  I consider how the challenges of defining our personal and national identities are often thrust upon us when we least expect it.
Changing students, changing teaching: Understanding the dynamics of adaptation to a changing student population
Authors: Kanu Yatta
Published: June 2016

As global migrations increase, educators search for effective ways of meeting the learning needs of diverse student populations. I explore this challenge in a study conducted at the high school level where concerns about student diversity and subject matter intersect sharply. Using a case study approach to understand the dynamics of teachers’ adaptations to changing student populations, I document adaptations made by Math and English teachers in a large Canadian city in the areas of curriculum, instruction, and assessment. I examine the goals, conceptions of subject matter, instructional practices, and views about student learning held by Math and English teachers; the teachers contrast as to whether they did or did not reconceptualize and change their practices when faced with new populations of students, specifically African refugee students. I also examine ways in which the teachers’ school contexts, for example, their subject departments, facilitated or inhibited change in their teaching practices. I conclude that different patterns of goals, conceptions of subject matter, and beliefs about students characterize teachers who adapt and those who do not. In the light of these findings I urge teacher education programs to reconsider their exclusive focus on multicultural competence and take these patterns/elements into account in the preparation of teachers for working successfully with changing student populations.
Teacher Professional Development in Brazil: Colonization of Teachers’ Voices
Authors: Nascimento Daniele
Published: June 2016

This paper focuses on professional development practices implemented in Brazil, and the influence of post-colonial views in the power-relation between the ‘educational authorities’ or ‘experts’ and teachers. The paper addresses how this relationship in professional development is mostly ‘one-sided’, as often it does not include the 'voices' of teachers. Rather, it prioritizes the assumptions many  ‘experts’ have towards teachers’ needs for growth, in which the choices of topics and the kind of professional development programs to be designed often follow an ‘one-fits-all’ model or banking education as defined by Freire (1970). This paper emerged from the author's experience during her Master’s thesis research (Nascimento, 2010). She addressed the challenges of teaching in public schools in Brazil, and its implications in a social justice context. Through the lens of different teachers who participated in a volunteer-based Canadian/Brazilian teacher professional development program, the research investigated in which ways the inclusion of teachers' voices in professional development programs could affect teachers’ performance in a Brazilian context. During four years over the summer, Canadian teachers and Brazilian teachers worked together on a professional development program that aimed to encourage teachers to share their teaching experiences and reflect on their practice.
Academic and Artistic Freedom and the Israel-Palestine Conflict: Towards a Canadian Pedagogy of the Suppressed
Authors: Findlay Len
Published: June 2016

In this essay I argue that the suppression and discouragement of teaching and discussion relating to the Israel-Palestine conflict can and should be countered by a pedagogy rooted in the most robust traditions of academic freedom and inspired by the most challenging practices and products of artistic freedom. Freedom of inquiry, imagination, and exchange are essential to the analysis of current realities and the capacity to envisage them otherwise.  This is especially true in the current chilly climate where the asymmetries of power, resources, and communicative clout are most pronounced--or, to put it more colloquially, in situations where the playing field is least level and where academic and artistic freedom are most needed and most at risk.  Such asymmetrical power relations are especially evident (as well as subtly coded) in the playing out and playing off of the Israel-Palestine conflict in the United States and Canada, thanks to the intimidation, amnesia, and gross simplifications that have strengthened their hold on public discourse in both countries since 9/11 2001. The unconditional support extended to Israel by the George W. Bush administration as a key part of the so-called “war on terror” has been eagerly imitated by Stephen Harper’s government and disappointingly reinforced in November 2010 in the so-called Ottawa Protocol on Combating Anti-Semitism (O’Malley, 2010).
Teaching For Understanding: Spotlighting the Blythe and Associates Pedagogical Model
Authors: Kivunja Charles
Published: June 2016

This paper explains what we mean by understanding, particularly in order to achieve deep learning. To so do, the paper initially reviews the relevant literature produced by some of the major thinkers in the field of assessment and measurement. It places special emphasis on The Teaching for Understanding Framework developed by Tina Blythe and Associates which challenges standard practices regarding student evaluation. The paper then uses this model to discuss several strategies that we can use to teach for understanding. Finally, the paper concludes by articulating that while there is no one way to teach for understanding, the use of well researched frameworks offers opportunities for pedagogues to effectively teach in ways where goal setting and evaluation can be applied in order to achieve a deep understanding of the curricula topic under consideration.
The problem and promise of story
Authors: Jones Kathyrn
Published: June 2016

This paper reflects upon taking up stories with high school students that are full of graphic images of war, genocide and ethnic cleansing. Young people today are bombarded with images of human suffering via the media; when teachers take up traumatic stories, they add to an already overwhelming tide. Narrative and critical analysis are woven together to explore students’ responses to such stories in Canadian schools in which productivity and performance are often used as indicators of student success. Instead, opportunities and possibilities to teach pedagogies of peace and possibility are imagined.
Reviving reasonableness: Expansive reason-giving and receiving for global social justice education
Authors: Tannis Derek
Published: June 2016

Reasonableness is a term that is used widely in relation to global social justice, yet its meaning differs depending on its theoretical foundations.  In this paper, I examine the breadth of these meanings, focusing on the pedagogical significance of reasonableness as something that is assessed, recognized and enacted.  I present a model of reasonableness that expands upon Erman’s (2007) concept of reason-giving and is founded upon the philosophy of inter-subjective recognition as described by Honneth (1996) and the idea of capabilities as theorized by Sen (2009) and Nussbaum (2005).  I develop a typology of reason-giving and reason-receiving, including arbitrary, emotive, authoritative, tentative and expansive analytical-relational modes.  I conclude that the assertion of another person’s reasonableness / unreasonableness may be viewed as an inter-subjective and intercultural lived relation.  Approximating the cosmopolitanism proposed by Nussbaum (2005) and Appiah (2006), I propose that we should aim to create learning approaches and environments that foster exploratory and compassionate reason-giving and receiving.  In an era of global social justice discourse and action, I argue that cultivating a reflective approach to reason-giving and receiving would develop in students an expansive conception of and capacity for reasonableness.
Dangerous Dissent?: Critical Pedagogy and the Case of Israeli Apartheid Week
Authors: Hamdon Evelyn , Harris Scott
Published: June 2016

This paper constitutes an examination of what is perceived to be a backlash with respect to Israeli Apartheid Week (IAW) and similar educational campaigns. In it we review recent writings which relate to the importance of critical pedagogical spaces, and which problematize the emerging pushback against popular and political educational efforts to critique the occupation of Palestine. We also examine the history of IAW and chronicle attempts (within the Canadian context) to silence organizers and teachers associated with IAW. Finally we discuss the implications of this for further organizing and teaching about Palestine. Some of the questions at the heart of this paper are, “Why is this form of social justice education perceived to be so dangerous?”, “Where is the impetus coming from to silence this form of popular education” and “What are the implications of these types of surveillance and silencing.”
Germinación de esclerocios y formación de ascoporas de Claviceps gigantea Fuentes, De la Isla, Ullstrup y Rodríguez
Authors: Moreno-Manzano Celeste E , De León-García de Alba Carlos , Nava-Díaz Cristian , Sánchez-Pale Jesús Ricardo
Published: June 2016

La enfermedad “diente de caballo” del maíz (Claviceps gigantea) afecta hasta 90 % del grano. Se estudiaron condiciones para germinación de esclerocios, formación de estructuras sexuales y se describe parte del ciclo del hongo en laboratorio y campo. Se estableció un diseño con sustrato y tiempo de incubación a 4 °C. Se evaluaron porcentaje de esclerocios germinados, tiempo de germinación y formación de cabezuelas estromáticas. En laboratorio, los esclerocios germinaron solamente en carbón residual después de 3 meses a  4 °C y 2 meses a 22-24 °C de incubación resultando en 55 % de germinación. Esclerocios germinados producen en promedio cinco cabezuelas por esclerocio 15 d después de la aparición de los primordios. En campo, los primordios aparecieron cuando los esclerocios se incubaron 3 meses a 4 °C y 64 d a temperatura promedio de 14.07 °C. En campo y laboratorio, la liberación de ascosporas se observó 23 d después de aparecer de los primordios. La aparición de cabezuelas estromáticas, su desarrollo y maduración en el mismo esclerocio no fué sincronizado. Se documentó la liberación de ascosporas largas y delgadas emergiendo de cabezuelas estromáticas. El patógeno se identificó morfológica y molecularmente como Claviceps gigantea.
Nutrition Therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients
Authors: Hong Suk-Kyung
Published: June 2016

Nutrition therapy is a critical component of treatment for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury. Underfeeding can cause cumulative caloric deficits, loss of lean body mass, and deteriorationof respiratory muscle strength, which can all lead to poor outcomes. However, overfeeding, on the other hand, is also harmful due to hypercapnia and hyperglycemia, which can increase the risk of infection. Therefore, an optimal nutrition therapy is very important. Although the importance of nutrition in this patient population is widely accepted, trophic enteral feeding during the acute phase is suggested in immunologic aspect to prevent nutrition-related complications. High-fat and low-carbohydrate enteral nutrition can decrease CO2 production and help shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. There are still areas of controversy regarding the role of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, which are known to prevent oxidative cellular injury, modify the metabolic response, and modulate immunity and inflammation.
Micronutrients Deficiencies in Bariatric Patients
Authors: Lee Yeon Ji
Published: June 2016

Paradoxically, the obese are more susceptible to malnutrition. The more obese they are, the greater the risk for micronutrient deficiencies particularly in fat-soluble vitamins and anti-oxidants. Several micronutrient deficiencies could be worsened because of poor intake and absorption difficulty after bariatric surgery. Micronutrient deficiencies could not only decrease the effect of bariatric surgery but also cause various diseases such as anemia, neurologic impairment, or osteoporosis. Micronutrient deficiencies should be monitored, recognized, and corrected properly in bariatric patients in order to maximize the effect of surgery and improve the health-related quality of life.
Economic modelling and analysis of Hungarian wheat production in the marketing year 2011
Authors: Kiss István
Published: June 2016

In the framework of the present study I analysed the wheat production sector. In order to evaluate the situation prevailing in the sector I conducted an economic analysis which I based on primary data collection. The year of investigation was the production year of 2011. Long-term implications for different crop sectors can only be based on multi-annual analysis, so in this article I only attempted to analyse the sector with respect to 2011. To evaluate wheat production I compiled its cost structure and assessed it. To evaluate its position in comparison to other crops I also carried out calculations to determine the gross margin (revenue minus variable cost)1 By gross margin I mean the gross margin (C), which is production value (PV) minus direct cost (DC), by definition (C=P-DC). of maize and rape. I observed that the gross margin attainable on one hectare was the lowest in the case of wheat. I applied two types of gross margin, because I consider it important that a given sector should also be profitable without subsidies. In the case of the gross margin including subsidies it is essential to emphasize the role of subsidies, since their ratio varied between 30 and 47% of the total revenue. The importance of subsidies was the most significant in the case of winter wheat.
Structured commodity finance
Authors: Suták Péter
Published: June 2016

Over the past years, the financial stock market – providing the capital demand that is the result of stockpiling and the characteristic strong seasonality observed in the agricultural sector – has increasingly grown and become more “used” by market participants. Its size had reached an annual value of 200 billion HUF, of which agricultural products had received the largest proportion through the various market participants (producers, integrators, traders, feed producers, mills). In the meantime, this market had become part of the competition between the commercial banks that are the largest financers of the sector, due to which the financing credit institutions had undertaken increasing risk levels, with respect to both degree of financing and the VAT financing related to stockholding. The practice of commodity financing by banks display a rather varied picture at present. Considering the exceptional degree of fall in prices and the actions of companies totally disregarding business ethics in 2008, it seems necessary to reveal the full scope of risks inherent in commodity financing. The primary aim of such an exercise is to ensure the prudent operation of refinancing activities for commercial banks. The inherent risks in trade financing – as has been proven by the experiences of previous years – are not found primarily in the goods themselves, but rather at the actual storage facility and also emerge in relation to clients, as well as the inadequate and ineffective risk management of price volatility by the financers. Therefore, the establishment of banking risk management and risk prevention techniques, including the development of new financing procedures become indispensable, minimizing all types of risks that had emerged in previous years.
The responsibility of marketing and legislation in childhood obesity
Authors: Szűcs Róbert Sándor
Published: June 2016

The purchasing power of youth is considerable; they are the market of the future. , the young generation is the most influenced and vulnerable segment of the economy. The greatest problem of the influencing of our children is the rising cost of childhood obesity. The health care system cannot keep up with the pressure of obesity. Today, the risk of obesity is a bigger problem than smoking or alcoholism. The greatest problem is that youth underestimates the cost and risk of consumption of foods with high levels of fats, sugar and/or salt.
Wellness habits of Hungarian youth
Authors: Kozmáné Csirmaz Éva
Published: June 2016

A health conscious person might contribute to the preservation of her health and to the prevention of illnesses by her lifestyle, health conscious nutrition and regular exercise. Wellness helps to reach these goals with its complex services aimed at both the improvement of one’s physical state, stamina and maintenance of mental agility. The intention to develop a health conscious lifestyle is perceptible in the ever increasing demand.
Concentraciones de glucemia e insulinemia en pollos broilers machos y hembras de cuatro semanas de edad y su relación con el peso
Authors: Osorio José H. , Quenán Yoccner E. , Ramírez Gines F.
Published: June 2016

Introducción: el metabolismo de la glucosa en aves se relaciona directamente con la secreción de insulina, ya que esta hormona ejerce una función anabólica y a la vez esa respuesta se refleja en el crecimiento de las aves. Es escasa la información que se tiene sobre variables como sexo, edad y peso y su incidencia en la secreción de insulina y su regulación sobre las concentraciones de glucosa. Objetivo: comparar las concentraciones de insulina, glucosa y peso en pollos broiler de cuatro semanas de edad analizando sus valores entre hembras y machos; establecer valores de referencia para los niveles de insulina, glucosa y peso en pollos broiler de cuatro semanas de edad. Materiales y métodos: muestras de sangre en ayunas de ochenta pollos de engorde de ambos sexos (línea Cobb 500 de cuatro semanas de edad). Se determinaron los niveles de insulina mediante inmunoensayo enzimático tipo sándwich, la glucemia mediante glucómetro; para el peso se utilizó una balanza. Los resultados fueron analizados a través del programa estadístico Stata; se acepta una diferencia estadísticamente significativa cuando p es < 0,05. Resultados: los valores de la insulina son de 0,60 ± 0,63 ng/ml; en relación con los niveles de glucemia los machos reportaron valores de 415,45 ± 40,52 mg/dl; las hembras reportaron valores de 350,72 ± 68,37 mg/dl y, finalmente, los valores de peso en machos fue de 963,73 g y en hembras de 865,64 g. Conclusiones: los machos tienen mayor peso que las hembras. Las concentraciones de glucemia en los machos es mayor que las hembras y se determina que los valores de referencia de acuerdo con el sexo son: hembras (mg/dl) 350,72 ± 68,37 y machos (mg/dl) 415 ± 40,52, y, finalmente, los niveles de insulina son mayores en las hembras que en los machos.
Diagnóstico histopatológico de arterioesclerosis en perros (Canis lupus familiaris)
Authors: Ávila Adarme Héctor Rubén , Neira Rairán Luis Rafael
Published: June 2016

Arteriosclerosis means the hardening of the arteries due to changes in the histological structure of the vascular wall, such as muscle hypertrophy, connective tissue, calcium deposit, lipids, etc. Atherosclerosis is characterized by the formation of fibrous intimal plaques which often have a rich lipid core this disease is the most common type of Arteriosclerosis in humans and, therefore, of great importance for study. Some authors report that Arteriosclerosis is common, but of little importance, in domestic animals they also describe the dog (Canis lupus familiaris) as athero-resistant however, at present there are several reports presenting vascular lesions similar to those observed in humans, related to close cohabitation in their role as pets. Therefore, this study focuses on the research and description of histopathological lesions related to Arteriosclerosis in dogs, based on a retrospective study of casuistry at the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. After reviewing necropsy and histopathology reports, 52 cases of dogs were selected where one or more predisposing factors for the development of Arteriosclerosis were reported the histopathology slides were initially evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin staining, and photomicrographs were captured for future research. In 23 of the 52 cases different characteristics of injuries related to this disease were observed, such as translucent vacuoles, walls of hyaline appearance, muscle or connective tissue proliferation, and deposition of mineral and pigments. Additionally, in some cases, Masson’s trichrome staining was used to confirm the presence of connective and muscle tissue. Finally, hypotheses were formulated about the possible association of different factors (body condition, age, sex, race, and concurrent disease) with the presentation of these injuries.
Ligadura de ducto arterioso persistente en un cocker spaniel de dos meses de edad: reporte de caso
Authors: Escobar Correa Ximena , Galindo Zamora Vladimir
Published: June 2016

This article reports the case of a two-months-old female cocker spaniel, who was taken to the Clinic for Small Animals at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, with a cough of six days of evolution, poor weight gain, and a history of heart murmur detected previously in a veterinary center. A medical examination evidenced crackles in both lung fields, increased cough reflex, positive jugular pulse, a 6/6 heart murmur, and increased capillary refill time. Persistent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed by echocardiography for this reason, ductus ligation was suggested as definitive treatment. The patient satisfactorily recovered from the surgical procedure without any complications she presented postoperative cough that resolved within a few days with the help of a treatment with furosemide (2 mg/kg IM TID). Three months after the surgical procedure, the patient was clinically healthy, without any symptom of cardiac origin.
El fijador esquelético externo: aplicación clínica en perros y gatos
Authors: Cruz Amaya Jorge Mario , Gaviria Colorado Aicardo
Published: June 2016

External fixators are highly versatile orthopedic devices. They can replace plates and intramedullary nails in many situations. They are inexpensive, easy to apply, and the surgical time required to install them is often much less than what is needed to place a plate or an intramedullary nail. These devices have proven to be very effective to counteract the mechanical forces produced in the focus of the fracture. This article aims to describe five cases that illustrate the usefulness of this device in orthopedic surgery of small species.
Conceito e classificação de lesão por pressão: atualização do National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
Authors: Moraes Juliano Teixeira , Borges Eline Lima , Lisboa Cristiane Rabelo , Cordeiro Danieli Campos Olímpio , Rosa Elizabeth Geralda , Rocha Neilian Abreu
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: apresentar na língua portuguesa a terminologia, conceito e descrição dos estágios da lesão por pressão estabelecidos pelo National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel em 2016. Método: estudo descritivo, reflexivo do tipo ensaio teórico. Para nortear este estudo foi utilizado como matriz o resultado do consenso realizado pelo órgão americano em 2016. Resultado: o termo úlcera por pressão passou a ser denominado lesão por pressão, o conceito e a descrição dos estágios da lesão foram alterados. São apresentados detalhamentos das lesões classificadas em Estágio 1: Eritema não branqueável de pele intacta; Estágio 2: Perda de espessura parcial da pele com derme exposta; Estágio 3: Perda total da espessura da pele; Estágio 4: Perda total da espessura da pele e tecido; Lesão por Pressão não Estadiável: cobertura da perda total da espessura da pele e tecido; e Lesão por Pressão Tissular Profunda: vermelho escuro persistente não branqueável, descoloração marrom ou roxa. Descreve ainda as definições adicionais: Lesão por Pressão relacionada a Dispositivos Médicos e Lesão por Pressão em Membrana Mucosa. Conclusão: o National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel ampliou o conceito e acrescentou novas apresentações da lesão por pressão, informações que podem descrever melhor o comportamento de tais lesões.
Saberes e práticas de acadêmicos sobre os sistemas de classificação de enfermagem
Authors: Bitencourt Graziele Ribeiro , Oliveira Fabricio Moura , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Marques Dalvani , Rocha Isamara Da Conceição Moraes da , Cavalcanti Ana Carla Dantas
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: analisar os saberes e práticas dos acadêmicos sobre o uso das classificações em enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo Survey, com 58 graduandos em enfermagem do sétimo (18), oitavo(20) e nono(20) períodos de uma Universidade Pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado, analisado por estatística descritiva simples e análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultados: dentre as classificações mais citadas pelos discentes estão: Nanda-I(58), NIC(55), NOC(55) e CIPE(56). Quanto ao uso dos sistemas de classificação, destaca-se como ponto positivo a associação entre o uso das classificações e a agilidade do processo de enfermagem (10) e como ponto negativo a dificuldade de manuseio dos livros(13). Conclusão: o ensino das classificações foi descrito segundo uma trajetória crescente de aprendizagem, possibilitando, com isso, uma associação entre a teoria e a prática, e a aplicabilidade do uso das classificações favorece ainda a tomada de decisão clínica.
Perspectiva materna acerca da repercussão da violência doméstica infantil no desenvolvimento humano
Authors: Frota Mirna Albuquerque , De Lima Ludmila Barbosa , Oliveira Maria Girleuda De Paiva , Nobre Caroline Soares , Do Couto Camila Santos , Noronha Ceci Vilar
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: conhecer a perspectiva materna acerca da violência doméstica praticada contra crianças e a repercussão destes atos no desenvolvimento humano. Método: estudo de delineamento qualitativo, realizado em uma Organização Não Governamental da cidade de Fortaleza-Ceará. Participaram vinte e três mães durante o período de julho a outubro de 2013, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. A análise temática foi escolhida para análise do corpus, que consistiu em quatro etapas: pré-análise, exploração do material, retomada dos objetivos iniciais da pesquisa e elaboração de indicadores que orientaram a categorização dos dados. Resultados: emergiram as categorias: “Absurda”: significado da violência infantil sob a ótica materna e Repercussões da violência doméstica infantil no desenvolvimento humano. Conclusão: situações violentas perpetradas na infância, ou seja, de forma precoce, relacionam-se a profundos desarranjos na vida, uma vez que podem desvirtuar a maneira de lidar com os problemas, bem como gerar indivíduos deficientes no âmbito do desenvolvimento humano.
Estudo de Caso: Análise do Processo de Implantação da ISO 9001:2008 em Uma Empresa do Setor Hoteleiro de Campos dos Goytacazes
Authors: Silverio A.S. , Ferrugem L.R.S.A. , Sales C.M.R. , Carvalho T.G.B. , Freitas A.L.P.
Published: June 2016

A ISO 9001:2008 pretende garantir a qualidade do produto/serviço buscando otimizar os resultados. Entretanto, podem surgir algumas barreiras. Sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi explorar o período de implantação da normatização em um hotel de pequeno porte, a fim de estabelecer os impactos causados pelas barreiras. Foram analisadas pesquisas de satisfação dos clientes, aplicados questionários para consultores e foi elaborado benchmarking baseado em consultorias e casos de sucesso de hotéis. Assim, concluiu-se que a falta de comprometimento dos funcionários com a qualidade e o entendimento, pela direção, da normatização como forma de organização da empresa podem ser consideradas as principais dificuldades.
Cytotoxicity of platinum(IV) and palladium(II) complexes with meso-1,2-diphenyl-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-3-propanoic acid. Crystal structure of [Pd(1,2-dpheddp)] complex
Authors: Mijajlović Marina Ž , Nikolić Miloš V , Jevtić Verica V , Ratković Zoran R , Milovanović Jelena , Arsenijević Aleksandar , Stojanović Bojana , Novaković Slađana B , Bogdanović Goran A , Trifunović Srećko R , Radić Gordana P
Published: June 2016

The syntheses of tetradentate ligand, meso-1,2-diphenyl-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-3-propanoic acid (H2-1,2-dpheddp) and corresponding platinum(IV) and palladium(II) complexes are reported here. The spectroscopically predicted structure of the obtained palladium(II) complex was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Singe crystals suitable for X-ray measurements were obtained by slow crystallization from a DMSO-water mixture. Cytotoxic effects of platinum(IV), palladium(II) complexes and cisplatin on the 4T1 and B16F1 cell lines were determined using the MTT colorimetric technique. The complexes showed a dose dependence on cytotoxic effect toward both cell lines. Both complexes were less active than cisplatin, the exception was concentrations above 62.5 μM of platinum(IV) complex in the B16F1 cell line.
Low-temperature plasma-modified zeolite (LTPMZ) vs. natural Bulgarian zeolite (NBZ) – Comparative physicochemical, UV/VIS and FTIR studies
Authors: Yaneva Zvezdelina , Georgieva Nedyalka , Pavlov Angel
Published: June 2016

The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the physicochemical, morphological properties and sorption potential of natural Bulgarian zeolite (NBZ) and low-temperature plasma modified zeolite (LTPMZ). NBZ was treated by low-temperature arc plasma. The evolution of the modifications was followed using FTIR, UV-VIS, physicochemical and sorption studies. The digital microscope analyses proved that crystallinity, sheet structure and textural properties of the natural material were not significantly affected by the plasma treatment. The comparative analyses of the FTIR spectra obtained showed that the plasma treatment caused the breakdown of structural bounds at the clay surface and induced the formation of new hydroxyl groups (Si–OH and Al–OH) on the clay edges. According to the UV/VIS and FTIR studies of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) sorption, LTPMZ displayed higher affinity to the cationic dye. This study demonstrates that low-temperature plasma treatments could be used to activate zeolite for environmental application.