bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of main pancreatic duct stent in the local excision of pancreatic head benign tumors -- A Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Xinzhe , Wang Wei , Yu Song , Yang Chuanxin , Huang Xinyu , Yuan Zhou
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study intends to explore the role of preoperative main pancreatic duct stent placement in reducing intra-operative main pancreatic duct damaging rate and the incidence of postoperative pancreatic leakage.
Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed for all patients with pancreatic head benign tumors who were treated with local excision. The patients were divided into two groups (Standard VS Stent) depending on whether received main pancreatic duct stent placement prior to surgery or not.
Results: A total of 33 patients were finally included in the analytical pool. Compared with Standard group, patients in the Stent group had shorter distance between tumor and MPD (p=0.01) and presented with larger tumors (p<0.01). The rates of POPF (Grade B&C) were 39.1% (9/23) and 20% (2/10) in the Standard and Stent group respectively (p<0.01). Major postoperative complications occurred more frequently in the Standard group than in the Stent group (14 versus 2 respectively; p<0.01). There was no significant difference for the mortality, in-hospital stay and medical cost between the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: MPD stent placement prior to surgery can facilitate the surgery, minimize MPD injury and decreasing occurrence of postoperative fistula.
The C-ORAL-ESQ project: a corpus for the study of spontaneous speech of individuals with schizophrenia
Authors: Raso Tommaso , Rocha Bruno Neves Rati de Melo , Salgado João Vinícius , Cruz Breno Fiuza , Mantovani Lucas Machado , Mello Heliana
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the C-ORAL-ESQ corpus project, which is dedicated to the study of the speech of individuals with schizophrenia. The main aim of the project is to investigate cognitive aspects of individuals with schizophrenia. This investigation is carried through the compilation of a spontaneous speech corpus and its study, which focuses mainly on the analysis of information structuring and its prosodic correlates. The paper informs about the environment and the setting of the sound file recordings, the medical and ethical criteria for the selection of the participants, the corpus aimed dimensions and the present stage of compilation, as well as its design and compilation criteria, which include attention to prosodic annotation, and metadata related to the participants’ characteristics. Additionally, the theory adopted for the study of information structure is summarized, focusing on those aspects that can better address cognitive processes of individuals with schizophrenia and their prosodic correlates. Finally, the perspectives for future studies and resource compilations are presented.
Characterization of three pheromones (α-Bergamotol , β-farnesene, Isobombykol) from Saussurea costus essential oil by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: MELIANI Amina , Nair Samira , Djadouni Fatima
Published: September 2022

With the need of sustainable agroecosystem, pest management is becoming imperative. Nowadays, it is known that essential oils are potent molecules with high potential for plant protection. These advantages have encouraged scientists to intensively screen for the plants biomolecules as promising candidates for pest management to replace currently used chemical pesticides. The application of such as technology for the removal of these insects has received much attention and led to the development of effective, economic and environmentally friendly technologies. In this study, a metabolomic approach was used to investigate the characterization of three pheromones, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as α-Bergamotol, β-farnesene, Isobombykol.
The preoperative lymphocyte ratio and postoperative C-reactive protein are related to the surgical outcome in biliary atresia: An analysis of serial ubiquitous markers of inflammation
Authors: Harumatsu Toshio , Muraji Toshihiro , Sugita Koshiro , Murakami Masakazu , Yano Keisuke , Onishi Shun , Yamada Koji , Yamada Waka , Matsukubo Makoto , Kawano Takafumi , Muto Mitsuru , Kaji Tatsuru , Ieiri Satoshi
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Various prognostic predictors for biliary atresia (BA) have been identified. This study aimed to evaluate the serial changes in the preoperative and postoperative ubiquitous inflammatory biomarkers and their relationship with the outcomes in patients with BA.
Patients and Methods: Forty-three BA patients were retrospectively reviewed to investigate serial levels of ubiquitous inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and lymphocyte ratio, and outcomes. The patients with BA were divided based on their outcomes into two prognostic groups: the native liver survivor group (n=30) and the survivors with living-donor liver transplant group (n=13).
Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that a preoperative lymphocyte ratio of <61% and CRP value >0.1 mg/dl predicted a poor outcome. In the ROC curve analysis, the timing of reaching the cut-off value of CRP after Kasai portoenterostomy was postoperative day (POD) 57. The third postoperative week, which was the timing of the discontinuation of steroid therapy, was the branchpoint of inflammatory markers between the two prognostic groups.
Conclusion: The POD 57 CRP level predicts the surgical outcome of Kasai portoenterostomy. The postoperative anti-inflammatory management of BA can be monitored by the ubiquitous inflammatory biomarkers CRP and the preoperative lymphocyte ratio.
Effects of nitrogen additions on greenhouse gas fluxes during continuous freeze-thaw cycles in a cold temperate forest
Authors: Wang Shijia , Cui Xiaoyang , Guo Yafen
Published: September 2022

Either nitrogen (N) deposition or soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) induce a pulse of greenhouse gas (GHG) in the cold temperate zone caused by changes in soil carbon (C) and N substrates turnover. However, the synthetic effects between N additions and FTCs to GHG fluxes have received little attention in experiments, particularly in the boreal forest. We conducted a laboratory incubation using intact soil cores from Rhododendron dauricum-Larix dahurica to investigate GHG fluxes that responded to the combined effects. We separated the soil samples into seven groups—none, low, medium, and high sodium nitrate addition, and low, medium, and high ammonium chloride addition—and exposed each group to continuous FTCs conditions. The results demonstrated that N2O and CO2 emissions were eventually stimulated by FTCs, while CH4 uptake was inhibited by FTCs, but they manifested themselves differently under different N addition treatments. All treatments resulted in substantial increases in N2O emissions compared to the control. However, the soil respiration rate increased significantly only with medium sodium nitrate addition, and high N level additions inhibited CH4 uptake regardless of N form. These findings demonstrate that FTCs and N additions, including various N forms and levels, have a considerable effect on GHG emissions in temperate forest ecosystems, which is necessary to predict future feedback effects of GHG emissions on climate change.
Spatial distribution of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the seawater and sediment of Southeast coast of India
Authors: Barathkumar S , Savurirajan M , Raja P , Marigoudar S. R , Sharma K. V , Murthy M. V Ramana
Published: September 2022

The spatial distribution of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) were analyzed in the seawater and sediment samples collected from 27 locations along the Southeast coast of India. A first-time assessment study was carried out on the distribution of TPH in both water and sediments for the entire coastline of Tamil Nadu. The concentration of TPH in seawater showed large spatial variation ranging from Below Detection Level (BDL) to 47.5μg/L and 0.01 to 53.12μg/L in the surface and bottom waters, respectively. TPH levels exceeded the regulatory limits specified by FAO, China's Marine Monitoring Standards and the European Community in the seawater samples of Thoothukudi harbour (S2 station). TPH values in sediment were between 2.33-30.07μg/g and their levels remained below the Marine Sediment Quality Standard (500μg/g). The results showed that seawaters of southern stations were comparatively more polluted with TPH. The spatial profile of TPH in sediments were contrasting to that observed for seawater. Higher TPH values were observed in the northern region than southern. TPH contents showed affinity to clay and silt with a strong positive correlation with clay (R2=0.776; P<0.001), silt (R2=0.648; P<0.001) and negative correlation (R2=0.753; P<0.001) with sand. ANOVA analysis demonstrated a significant difference (F=11.75; p<0.01) between the TPH concentrations of water and sediments. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) was performed to determine the similarity among sampling stations that formed five crusted groups. Sediment along the southeast coast can be categorised as slightly polluted with respect to TPH as per the ATSDR standards.
Laboratory and semi-field efficacy evaluation of permethrin-piperonyl butoxide treated blankets against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors
Authors: Azizi Salum , Matowo Johnson , Mbewe Njelembo Joshua , Protopopoff Natacha , Athumani Rashid , Matiku Wambura , Shayo Magreth , Tenu Filemoni , Rowland Mark , Mosha Franklin , Kitau Jovin
Published: September 2022

To control pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors, Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) that include additional active ingredients to pyrethroid are being developed. Same progress needs to be made to the pyrethroid-treated blankets, which are more compatible with shelter structures found in emergency settings such as displaced populations. In the current study, efficacy of blankets treated with permethrin and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) was evaluated against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. Efficacy was compared with that of new Olyset® LLIN, Olyset™ Plus LLIN and untreated blanket in terms of mortality and blood-feeding inhibition against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The current study indicates that, in emergency shelters such as migrant and refugee camps where LLINs cannot be used, permethrin-PBO blankets may provide protection against resistant mosquitoes if widely used. No side effects related to the use of the treated blankets were reported from the participants. These results need validation in a large-scale field trial to assess the epidemiological impact of the intervention, durability and acceptability of this new vector control strategy for malaria vector control.
Shell disc beads and the development of class-based society at the K2-Mapungubwe settlement complex (South Africa)
Authors: Mouton Michelle , Antonites Alexander
Published: September 2022

The K2-Mapungubwe settlement complex is widely regarded as the centre for the development of class-based society out of earlier ranked communities between c. AD 900 – AD 1300 in northern south Africa, southern Zimbabwe and eastern Botswana. Beads made from ostrich eggs, and the shells of Achatinidae snails, and freshwater bivalves, formed an important part of the K2-Mapungubwe economy. Although thousands of shell beads have been excavated at the K2-Mapugubwe complex, this assemblage have never been analysed or even quantified in any meaningful manner. As such, only rough estimates of the distribution, use and meaning of shell beads at these important sites. This article represents the first focussed research effort on this assemblage. The results demonstrate distinct spatial and chronological changes in the shell bead assemblage were discerned. Chronologically, Achatina beads are more common earlier in earlier phases but after AD 1220, ostrich eggshell beads dominate all assemblages. This could indicate access to new sources of raw materials. Morphology of beads assemblages are also linked to distinct social scales of consumption. The shell bead assemblage from higher status areas remained constant over time, with a clear preference for smaller sized beads. In contrast, beads from the lower status areas could be grouped into distinct clusters of larger and smaller beads. The grouping of smaller bead on lower status areas closely resemble elite assemblages. Smaller beads however become proportionally rarer outside elite areas over time. This may reflect changes in elite control and preferential access to shell beads. These results demonstrate how the use and manufacture of shell beads intersected with the socio-political changes that characterise the period. It also highlights the need for careful consideration of shell beads as a significant component of the political economy in the southern African Iron Age.
The Effect of Submeso Motions on the Budgets of the Mean Turbulent Kinetic Energy and Temperature Variance in the Stable Atmospheric Surface Layer
Authors: Schiavon Mario , Tampieri Francesco , Caggio Matteo , Mazzola Mauro , Viola Angelo Pietro
Published: September 2022

By considering turbulence observations in the atmospheric stable surface layer over complex terrain, we study the effect of submeso motions on the budgets of the mean turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and (half) the temperature variance. Different averaging times are considered (i.e., 100 s and 30 min), to filter out or retain the submeso contributions to second-order moments. Furthermore, results are interpreted by introducing four parameters that express the relative submeso contribution to the TKE, the temperature variance, and the vertical fluxes of heat and momentum. Four regimes are identified according to these four submeso parameters and the budgets are evaluated for these regimes. A balance among production, buoyancy (for the TKE) and dissipation occurs for the two regimes characterized by small submeso contribution to the fluxes; whilst an unbalance occurs for the other two regimes, where the submeso contribution to the fluxes is large. Instead, the budgets are independent of the magnitude of the submeso contribution to the TKE and the temperature variance.
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase STK confers salt tolerance in rice
Authors: Zhou Yanbiao , Zhang Zhihui , Zhao Xinhui , Liu Lan , Tang Qianying , Fu Jun , Tang Xiaodan , Yang Runqiu , Lin Jianzhong , Liu Xuanming , Yang Yuanzhu
Published: September 2022

Background
Soil salinization is a major abiotic environmental stress factor threatening crop production throughout the world. Salt stress drastically affects the growth, development, and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the improvement of rice tolerance to salt stress is a desirable approach for meeting increasing food demand. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) play essential roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses. However, little is known about their functions in salt stress. Previous reports have demonstrated that overexpression of an RLCK gene STK enhances salt tolerance in rice, and that STK may regulate the expression of GST (Glutathione S-transferase) genes.
Results
The expression of STK is rapidly induced by ABA. STK was mainly expressed in shoot and stem at the seedling and heading stage, respectively. STK was localized at the plasma membrane. Overexpression of STK in rice increased tolerance to salt stress and oxidative stress by increasing ROS scavenging ability and ABA sensitivity. In contrast, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of STK increased the sensitivity of rice to salt stress and oxidative stress. Transcriptome sequencing analysis suggested that STK increased the expression of GST genes (LOC_Os03g17480, LOC_Os10g38140 and LOC_Os10g38710) under salt stress. Quantitative real time RT-PCR suggested that four stress-related genes may be regulated by STK including OsABAR1, Os3BGlu6, OSBZ8 and OsSIK1.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that STK plays a positive regulatory role in salt stress tolerance by inducing antioxidant defense and associated with the ABA signaling pathway in rice.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Ototoxicity After Cisplatin-based Chemotherapy
Authors: Sanchez Victoria A. , Dinh Paul C. , Rooker Jennessa , Monahan Patrick O. , Althouse Sandra K. , Fung Chunkit , Sesso Howard D. , Einhorn Lawrence H. , Dolan M. Eileen , Frisina Robert D. , Travis Lois B.
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE
Ototoxicity is a prominent side effect of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. There are few reports, however, estimating its prevalence in well-defined cohorts and associated risk-factors.
METHODS
Testicular cancer (TC) survivors given first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy completed validated questionnaires. Descriptive statistics evaluated ototoxicity prevalence. We compared patients with and without tinnitus or hearing loss using Chi-square test, two-sided Fisher's Exact test, or two-sided Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. To evaluate ototoxicity risk factors, a backward selection logistic regression procedure was performed.
RESULTS
Of 145 TC survivors, 74% reported ototoxicity: 68%-tinnitus; 59% hearing loss; and 52% reported both. TC survivors with tinnitus were more likely to indicate hypercholesterolemia (P=0.008), and difficulty hearing (P<.001). Tinnitus was also significantly related to age at survey-completion (OR=1.79; P=0.003) and cumulative cisplatin dose (OR=5.17; P<0.001). TC survivors with hearing loss were more likely to report diabetes (P=0.042), hypertension (P=0.007), hypercholesterolemia (P<0.001), and family-history of hearing loss (P=0.044). Risk factors for hearing loss included age at survey-completion (OR=1.57; P=0.036), hypercholesterolemia (OR=3.45; P=0.007), cumulative cisplatin dose (OR=1.94; P=0.049), and family history of hearing loss (OR=2.87; P=0.071).
CONCLUSIONS
Ototoxicity risk factors included age, cisplatin dose, cardiovascular risk factors, and family-history of hearing loss. Three of four TC survivors report some type of ototoxicity; thus, follow-up of cisplatin-treated survivors should include routine assessment for ototoxicity with provision of indicated treatments.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS
Survivors should be aware of risk factors associated with ototoxicity. Referrals to audiologists before, during, and after cisplatin treatment is recommended.
Sex differences in the inflammatory response of the mouse DRG and its connection to pain in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Authors: Maguire Aislinn D , Friedman Timothy N , Andrade Dania N Villarreal , Haq Fajr , Dunn Jacob , Pfeifle Keiana , Tenorio Gustavo , Buro Karen , Plemel Jason R , Kerr Bradley J
Published: September 2022

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with notable sex differences. Women are not only more likely to develop MS but are also more likely than men to experience neuropathic pain in the disease. It has been postulated that neuropathic pain in MS can originate in the peripheral nervous system at the level of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), which houses primary pain sensing neurons (nociceptors). These nociceptors become hyperexcitable in response to inflammation, leading to peripheral sensitization and eventually central sensitization, which maintains pain long-term. The mouse model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a good model for human MS as it replicates classic MS symptoms including pain. Using EAE mice as well as primary mouse DRG neurons cultured in vitro, we sought to characterize the sex differences specifically in peripheral sensory neurons. We found sex differences in the inflammatory profile of the EAE DRG, and in the TNFα downstream signaling pathways activated intracellularly in cultured nociceptors. Given that TNFα signaling has been shown to impact on mitochondrial function, this led us to investigate sex differences in the mitochondria’s response to TNFα. Our results demonstrate that male sensory neurons are more sensitive to mitochondrial stress, making them prone to neuronal injury. In contrast, female sensory neurons appear to be more resistant to mitochondrial stress and exhibit an inflammatory and regenerative phenotype that may underlie greater nociceptor hyperexcitability and pain. Understanding these sex differences at the level of the primary sensory neuron is an important first step in our eventual goal of developing sex-specific treatments to halt pain development in the periphery before central sensitization is established.
Seismic Performance Evaluation of Masonry Infill R.C. Frame Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Pyakurel Shuvam , Karki Prajwol , Utkarsh Kumar
Published: September 2022

The structural damage due to recent seismic events in Nepal has led to a dire need for studies considering soil-structure interaction (SSI) as the majority of designers still adopt conventional design principles. These damages may be the result of the conventional fixed base method’s failure to take into account the underlying soil properties. Post Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake, revised Nepal National Building code NNBC 105:2020 has classified soil types based on the rigidity of the soil. A comparative analysis is carried out using linear-static and non-linear static (Pushover) analysis considering the fixed and flexible base of a masonry infill RC frame. The seismic performance parameter evaluated for a target inelastic drift of 2% are in terms of their fundamental time period, peak floor displacement, inter-storey drift ratio (IDR), ultimate load carrying capacity and yield mechanism. The consideration of SSI drastically influenced the fundamental time period, peak floor displacement and IDR with decreasing rigidity of soil. The fixed base structure exhibited a higher ultimate load-carrying capacity than the flexible base structure for all soil types. The masonry infill dissipated the seismic energy by the failure of the majority of struts. Furthermore, the post-yield behaviour of all models highlighted that the damage level of RC frame and masonry infill elements were higher for fixed base.
A novel inverse membrane bioreactor for efficient bioconversion from methane gas to liquid methanol using a microbial gas-phase reaction
Authors: Chen Yan-Yu , Ishikawa Masahito , Hori Katsutoshi
Published: September 2022

Background
Methane (CH4), as one of the major energy sources, easily escapes from the supply chain into the atmosphere because it exists in a gaseous state under ambient conditions. Compared to carbon dioxide (CO2), CH4 is 25 times more potent at trapping radiation; thus, the emission of CH4 to the atmosphere causes severe global warming and climate change. To mitigate CH4 emissions and utilize them effectively, the direct biological conversion of CH4 into liquid fuels, such as methanol (CH3OH), using methanotrophs is a promising strategy. However, supplying biocatalysts in an aqueous medium with CH4 involves high energy consumption due to vigorous agitation and/or bubbling, which is a serious concern in methanotrophic processes, because the aqueous phase causes a very large barrier to the delivery of slightly soluble gases.
Results
An inverse membrane bioreactor (IMBR), which combines the advantages of gas-phase bioreactors and membrane bioreactors, was designed and constructed for the bioconversion of CH4 into CH3OH in this study. In contrast to the conventional membrane bioreactor with biofilms that are immersed in an aqueous phase, the biofilm in the IMBR was placed to face a gas phase to supply CH4 directly from the gas phase to bacterial cells. Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), a representative methanotroph, was used to demonstrate the bioconversion of CH4 to CH3OH in the IMBR. Cyclopropanol and sodium formate were supplied from the aqueous phase as a selective inhibitor of methanol dehydrogenase, preventing further CH3OH oxidation, and as an electron donor, respectively. After optimizing the inlet concentration of CH4, the mass of immobilized cells, the cyclopropanol concentration, and the gas flow rate, continuous CH3OH production can be achieved over 72 h with productivity at 0.88 mmol L-1 h-1 in the IMBR, achieving a longer operation period and higher productivity than those using other types of membrane bioreactors reported in the literature.
Conclusions
The IMBR can facilitate the development of gas-to-liquid (GTL) technologies via microbial processes, allowing highly efficient mass transfer of substrates from the gas phase to microbial cells in the gas phase and having the supplement of soluble chemicals convenient.
Is Aducanumab Treatment that Developed to Prevent Progression of Alzheimer's Disease Cost-Effective?
Authors: Yigit Vahit , Kalender Selin , Cetinturk Iskender
Published: September 2022

Background
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative brain discomfort that causes the be damage to brain cells. Although there is no definitive treatment for AD, various drug treatments are used to reduce and control the symptoms of the disease. Developed for the treatment of mild-stage Alzheimer's patients, Aducanumab is the only drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the past two decades. However, the cost is very high and, in many countries, Aducanumab has not been approved due to insufficient clinical efficacy and lack of evidence yet. This study aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness of Aducanumab, which was developed for the treatment of mild-stage AD, from the patient's perspective.
Methods
In the study, the Markov model was developed to determine the cost-effectiveness of Aducanumab compared to Standard of Care (SoC) therapy over a 5-year horizon. Cost and effectiveness data were taken from the literature. In the study, the discount rate was determined as 6%. The results were presented as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), which represents the cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALY). The results were retested with one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis due to possible uncertainties in the research parameters. The results were presented with the tornado diagram and the scatter plots.
Results
With the Markov model, the total costs of Aducanumab and SoC treatments over a 5-year horizon were found to be 98.068 $ and 21.292 $, respectively. Aducanumab treatment had an additional gain of 0.64 QALY and an additional cost of 76.776 $ compared to the SoC treatment. The ICER value, which shows the additional cost per QALY of Aducanumab, was 119.408 $/QALY. As a result of the study, it was determined that Aducanumab was not cost-effective when compared to SoC treatment. Sensitivity analysis results showed stability. Aducanumab was confirmed not to be cost-effective with its current price and potential clinical benefit.
Conclusion
The result of the research is considered important in terms of providing evidence-based information on the cost-effectiveness of Aducanumab in Turkey. However, further, research is needed to evaluate Aducanumab's clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Ethnoracial Representation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Trials
Authors: Elhage Kareem G. , Davis Mitchell S. , Hakimi Marwa , Spencer Riley K. , Jin Joy Q. , Yeroushalmi Samuel , Chung Mimi , Bartholomew Erin , Bhutani Tina , Liao Wilson
Published: September 2022

Background
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurring painful and suppurating lesions. The global prevalence of HS is reported to be up to 4.10% in some countries, with the disease disproportionately affecting black populations. Ethnoracial representation in clinical trials is vital to ensuring results are generalizable. The purpose of this study is to examine whether ethnic or racial disparities exist in HS clinical trials.
Methods
The US National Library of Medicine clinical trials database (clinicaltrials.gov) was queried to identify HS clinical trials. Trials that did not present ethnic or racial data on either the website or publication were not considered.
Results
A total of 57 HS trials were identified. Of these, 23 trials, containing 2530 patients, included racial or ethnic data (Table 1). White patients made up 76.1% (1435/1886) of the study population, followed by Blacks or African Americans (13.7% (238/1732)), Hispanics or Latinos (7.2% (20/279), Asians (2.6% (26/1016)), American Indians or Alaska Natives (1.3% (14/1051)), and Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders (0.4% (4/926)).
Discussion
Our results establish a significant lack of minority ethnoracial representation in HS clinical trials. Since HS prevalence is highest among Blacks or African Americans, it is imperative that future clinical trials are conducted with a larger proportion of this population. Furthermore, clinical trials that did not report racial or ethnic information were conducted in countries with predominantly White populations, which likely skewed the results of this study and caused underreporting of these patients.
Longitudinal Course of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Jackson-Cowan Ladonya , Silverberg Jonathan I.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive dysfunction was recently demonstrated to be increased in adults and children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Though, little is known about the longitudinal course of cognitive impairment in AD and its relationship with pruritus. In order to investigate this, we conducted a prospective dermatology practice-based study using questionnaires and evaluation by a dermatologist (n = 210). Patients with ≥ 2 visits were included (mean follow-up time: 318 days). Cognitive function was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Cognitive Function 8-item Short-Form. At baseline, 20.85% of patients had PROMIS T-scores ≤ 45, indicating cognitive impairment (CI). More than half (59.09%) had CI at ≥ 1 follow-up visit; only 0.25% had CI at ≥ 2 follow-up visits. Among patients with CI at baseline, 34.09% had persistent CI, 47.71% had a fluctuating course and 18.18% had sustained improvement of cognitive function. In repeated measures regression models, cognitive function scores declined overtime in patients with worse AD severity (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis [SCORAD]: p = 0.01, Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index [ADSI]: p = 0.001), increased itch (p = 0.01), skin pain (p < 0.001), and sleep disturbance (p = 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression models, persistent CI were associated with depressive symptoms (moderate to severe Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score (PHQ9). Latent class analysis identified 2 classes of cognitive dysfunction: normal (77.23%), moderate dysfunction (16.21%) and severe impairment (6.55%). Patients of Black/African American race (p = 0.02) were more likely to have moderate dysfunction or severe cognitive impairment. In conclusion, AD is associated with a heterogeneous longitudinal course of cognitive function in adults, with some patients experiencing persistent CI over time.
Thermodynamic Performance of Boehmite Alumina Nanoparticle Shapes in the Counterflow Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
Authors: Nogueira E.
Published: September 2022

This work compares a theoretical model with a consolidated numerical model related to the thermodynamic performance of boehmite alumina nanoparticles in different formats in a counterflow double pipe heat exchanger. The shapes of the non-spherical nanoparticles under analysis are platelets, blades, cylindrical, and bricks. The second law of thermodynamics is applied to determine Nusselt number, pressure drop, thermal efficiency, thermal and viscous irreversibilities, Bejan number, and the out temperature of the hot fluid. The entropy generation rates associated with the temperature field and the viscous flow are graphical determined. The numerical model uses the k-ε turbulence model, which requires empirical factors to simulate turbulent viscosity and rate of generation of turbulent kinetic energy. Compatibility between the models was demonstrated. It was shown that the maximum absolute numerical error between the quantities Nusselt number, heat transfer rate, and pressure drop for established and specific conditions is less than 12.5 %.
Experimental Stand for Studying the Working Process in a Liquid-Vapor Jet Device with Replaceable Diffuser Parts
Authors: Sharapov Serhii , Husiev D. , Krmela Jan
Published: September 2022

The article describes the prospects for experimental research of liquid-vapor jet devices with adaptable geometry of the flow part of the primary flow nozzle. To formulate the research objectives, a critical analysis of state-of-the-art studies was conducted among native and foreign scientists studying two-phase jet devices. As a result, of the literature survey, we saw that the working process of the two-phase jet devices, which include liquid-vapor jet devices, is quite complicated to study. So, the achieved results of theoretical studies require clarification and the conduction of additional experimental studies. The article provides a description and experimental research method on the liquid-vapor jet devices with a replaceable diffuser part of the primary flow nozzle. The program and the method contain the range of changing operational parameters while conducting experimental studies. The functional scheme of the experimental scheme and the devices to control and measure pressure in the critical points of the scheme are proposed.
Assessment of Chlorine, Fluorine, and Sulfur Concentrations in Depth Profile of Drill Cuttings from Onshore and Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Wells
Authors: Marim Renan , Coelho Junior Gilberto , de Azevedo Paola , Borges Daniel , Maranhão Tatiane , de Oliveira Fernando , Bascunãn Vera , Chaves Eduardo
Published: September 2022

The assessment of chlorine, fluorine, and sulfur concentrations in depth profile of drill cuttings was performed using ion chromatography after sample preparation by pyrohydrolysis. The parameters for pyrohydrolysis were optimized using a Box-Behnken design, and the established conditions were 300 mg of sample, 300 mg of V2O5, temperature of 1000 °C, reaction time of 25 min, and absorbing solution of 50 mmol L-1 NH3 + 150 mmol L-1 H2O2. The accuracy was evaluated by the analysis of certified reference materials and recovery tests, and the results showed a good agreement between determined and certified values and recoveries (89-108%). The precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 10%), and the limits of detection (0.5-2.5 mg kg‑1) were suitable for drill cuttings analysis. The concentration of chlorine, fluorine, and sulfur in drill cuttings at different depths was at mg g-1 range, and its variation is related to the mineral composition of the samples.
Use of P-CPQ to measure the impact of oral health on the quality of life of children with special health care needs
Authors: Isnaldo Dias-Caldeira Francois , Baeta-de-Oliveira Luísa , Bintencourt-Reis Caio Luiz , Pedreira-de-Almeida Ana Cláudia , Alves-Nogueira Denismar , Coelho-de-Lima Daniela , Barroso-de-Oliveira Daniela Silva
Published: September 2022

Introduction and objective: the WHO defined the concept of quality of life as the self-perception that the individual has about his position in the social, cultural and ideological context, being these factors the main responsible for denoting the worst parameters regarding oral health care during the dental clinical examination performed by the dentist. To evaluate the impact of oral health on the quality of life of children with special health care needs aged 7 to 14 years old and the influence of different types of specialties on the quality of life, in the view of parents/caregivers in the Brazil southeast region. Materials and methods: the sample was composed of 62 children enrolled in municipal public schools and the Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional. The validated Parental- Caregivers Perception Questionnaire (P-CPQ) was used as an instrument for data collection, applied in the home environment and answered by the main responsible. The relation between demographic factors, type of special need and P-CPQ was evaluated with alpha of 0.05. Results: the worst parameters in Family Impact Scale were observed when the mother and father was responsible for data transmission (p= 0.004). Oral health was associated with the worst parameters of oral symptoms on quality of life in the view of parents (p = 0.012). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the impact of the child's type of specialty on quality of life. Conclusion: the variables caregiver and oral health status child are related to the worst indicators regarding the impact of oral health on quality of life.
O erro, o processo corretivo e a aprendizagem de língua estrangeira por meio de tarefas colaborativas.
Authors: Ney Valéria
Published: September 2022

Conforme Lima (2006), a noção de erro determina o modo como o professor e o aluno agem em sala de aula. Allwright e Bailey (1991) afirmam que definir erro é uma das tarefas mais complexas em sala de aula, tanto para o professor quanto para o aluno. Mas cabe ao professor definir o que são os erros e dar andamento ao processo corretivo. Muitos professores acreditam que uma de suas funções seja ainda a de corrigir e fornecer ao aluno um retorno (feedback) sobre sua produção. Contudo, quais erros corrigir, como e quando os corrigir e a eficácia da correção são algumas das dúvidas que acompanham o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. Acredita-se que a aprendizagem de um idioma depende da imersão dos alunos não somente num insumo compreensível, mas também em tarefas que lhes exijam negociar um significado e participar numa comunicação naturalista e dotada de sentido. A instrução baseada em tarefas, salienta a prioridade dada ao projeto em detrimento do produto; são elementos básicos as atividades e tarefas que apostem na comunicação e no significado; os alunos podem aprender o idioma mediante a sua interação comunicativa; as atividades e tarefas podem ser as que possivelmente tenham que realizar os alunos na vida real e as que possuam finalidade pedagógica concreta para a aula; e a dificuldade de uma tarefa depende de diversos fatores, entre eles a experiência prévia do aprendiz, a complexidade da tarefa, a linguagem requerida para empreendê-la e o grau de apoio disponível.
Mortalidade Materna no estado do Rio de Janeiro: um perfil epidemiológico
Authors: Barbosa da Silva Thauane , Zamboti Brandão Paula , Aparecido Caetano Oswaldo
Published: September 2022

A mortalidade materna é definida como o óbito de uma mulher no período gestacional ou puerperal. Ela é um importante indicador de saúde da população, sendo usada para qualificar desenvolvimento e qualidade de vida dos países. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico das mortes maternas ocorridas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre 2009 e 2019 e discutir os aspectos sociodemográficos relacionados a mortalidade materna. As bases de dados utilizadas foram o Sistema de Informações Sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e o Sistema de Informações de Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), adquiridos através do Departamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). No intervalo estudado foram registrados 1851 óbitos maternos por causa obstétrica e o coeficiente de mortalidade materna total do estudo foi 78,83. A faixa etária de 45 a 49 anos apresentou maior valor, com coeficiente de mortalidade de 359,06. Em relação a escolaridade, o coeficiente de mortalidade das mães com escolaridade ignorada obteve valor de 455,07. As mulheres pardas apresentaram maior incidência de óbitos, com 827 mortes. De acordo com o estado civil, as progenitoras solteiras obtiveram maior número de mortes, com 1226 óbitos. Com o estudo, pode-se observar que a mortalidade é maior nos extremos de idade, nas mulheres com baixa escolaridade, solteiras e de etnia parda ou negra. Dessa maneira, foi constatado que a mortalidade materna no estado do Rio de Janeiro se distribui de forma desigual. Ao analisar os fatores epidemiológicos notou-se que existem subgrupos de populações mais vulneráveis ao óbito durante o período gestacional e puerpério.
Hipercolesterolemia Familiar: Relato De Caso
Authors: Correa Sidnei , Cristine Marques dos Santos Sara , Picone Borges de Aragão Ivana
Published: September 2022

A hipercolesteromia familiar (HF) é uma doença genética autossômica dominante, expressada por níveis muito altos de colesterol total (CT), fração de lipoproteínas de baixa densidade de colesterol (low density lipoprotein - LDL-c) no plasma, depósito extravascular de colesterol e risco cardiovascular (CV) elevado, prematuro. Geralmente, nos pacientes hetereozigotos evidencia-se valores de CT entre 350 e 550mg/dl, enquanto nos homozigotos entre 650 e 1000mg/dl.  Apesar de ser uma doença comum e com risco elevado de morte, é subdiagnosticada e subtratada, tendo em vista a concomitância de outros fatores de risco (FR) CV em comum com portadores de doença arterial coronariana (DAC). A diretriz recomenda o rastreio universal dos pacientes com CT elevado aos 20 anos e o rastreio em cascata. Para singularizar o diagnóstico, adotou-se o critério Dutch Lipid Clinic Network. A terapia dietética junto as estatinas de alta potência são a primeira escolha de tratamento, podendo associar o ezetimiba e anticorpo monoclonal alirucumabe i-PCSK9 em casos refratários. A associação dos três pode chegar a 85% de redução no LDL-c, reduzindo morbimortalidade na HF. A Hipertrigliceridemia (HTG) grave, com valores acima de 885mg/dl de triglicérides, não exclui o diagnóstico de HF e resulta em risco CV independente, além do risco de pancreatite aguda. O paciente do presente relato manteve níveis homozigotos de CT e HTG grave ao longo de anos, sem diagnóstico de HF e sem a terapia farmacológica necessária, com diversos eventos relacionados às DCVs e pancreatite aguda. Após 16 anos, recebeu prescrição de terapia tripla para controle de HF.
Ceratocone: uma revisão quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento
Authors: Oliveira Bhiannca , Oliveira Delgado Mota Lívia
Published: September 2022

Ceratocone é uma doença que afeta a córnea, essa é um tecido do olho humano que apura a qualidade da imagem produzida na retina. Constitui-se de uma membrana convexa, translúcida, inervada, sensível, sendo o único tecido avascular do corpo humano que se situa na parte anterior do globo ocular. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com base em 20 artigos escolhidos por sua importância, relevância e dados levantados, variando entre os anos de 1945 e 2019, com o uso dos bancos de dados Scielo, Pubmed e Lilacs. Bem como o uso da tomografia da córnea e do segmento anterior, estudada por  Bruno de Freitas Valbon, et al. , parece ser um método eficaz para aumentar a sensibilidade e a especificidade do diagnóstico e detecção precoce da ectasia corneana do tipo ceratocone. Como também, Bernardo Teixeira Lopes, et al. , estudou o  perfil de espessura horizontal detectando o ceratocone, com capacidade comparável aos índices mais complexos. O diagnóstico do ceratocone abrange uma cuidadosa análise da córnea, abrangendo mecanismos simples aos mais complexos. Já o tratamento, destaca-se o crosslinking como método terapêutico efetivo, até o transplante de córnea nos últimos casos.
Análise epidemiológica dos casos de pneumonia na população pediátrica brasileira nos últimos 10 anos.
Authors: Costa Catharina , De Oliveira Faria Machado Natan , Lopes Dias Juliana , Rosestolato Ellen Francine , Paiva da Costa Jardim Gabriela , Terra de Oliveira Azevedo Christianne
Published: September 2022

A pneumonia está entre as 5 principais causas de morte em crianças com até 5 anos de idade em todo o mundo. No Brasil, nos últimos 10 anos, foram registradas mais de 2 milhões de internações e mais de 14 mil óbitos por esta causa em pacientes com até 14 anos de vida. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise epidemiológica desta patologia no país entre os anos de 2010 e 2019, coletando informações no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) – Sistema de Informações Hospitalares/Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS). Foram coletados dados sobre número de óbitos, internações e taxa de mortalidade de acordo com as faixas etárias, sexo e regiões do país. De acordo com as informações obtidas, houve uma redução de 24,9% do número de óbitos e 37,5% de internações, de modo que a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de pacientes com até 4 anos de idade e a região mais afetada foi a região sudeste. Dessa forma, foi possível notar a importante redução da maioria dos valores avaliados, porém, mantendo ainda números de internações e óbitos relevantes no contexto analisado. Assim, são necessários estudos epidemiológicos regionais mais específicos e maiores investimentos nos setores de assistência à saúde a fim de diminuir o número de acometidos.
Perfil Epidemiológico de Idosos Internados por Fratura de Fêmur no Brasil
Authors: Abdala Lima Jessica , Pin Salles Lineker , Mendes da Silva Marcos Alex
Published: September 2022

A fratura proximal de fêmur em idosos, na maioria das vezes, é consequência de quedas, sendo considerada uma importante causa de morbimortalidade nessa população e muitas vezes está relacionada a outras comorbidades preexistentes. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura por meio de busca na base de dados do DATASUS- Sistema de Informações Hospitalares/Sistema único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) no período de 2012 a 2019. O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o caráter epidemiológico envolvido nas internações dessa fratura em idosos de acordo com as cinco regiões brasileiras. Nesse sentido pretendeu-se correlacionar a epidemiologia atual com os resultados encontrados na tentativa de esclarecer o padrão de acometimento de tal ocorrência, por meio da relação entre variáveis como sexo, faixa etária, caráter atendimentos, custos em saúde, óbitos, entre outros. O estudo mostrou que o perfil de internações e óbitos encontrado teve predominância no sexo feminino e raça branca, sendo que esses aumentavam com a idade. Foi possível concluir que em decorrência do avanço da expectativa de vida aumentou-se a prevalência de internações devido à fratura de fêmur nos idosos, o que tem gerado elevado custo à saúde pública.  Sendo necessário um controle a fim de prevenir os fatores de risco para quedas nessa população.

Palavras- chave: fratura de quadril, epidemiologia, idoso, brasil.
Insuficiência Valvar Aórtica por Valva Quadricúspide
Authors: Juliano Anna Vitória Ferreira Gonçalves , Cariolita Japiassu Moraes Brenda , Araújo Nascimento Bruno , Veiga Moneró Edgar , Neves Vilas Boas Guimarães Isecke Fernanda
Published: September 2022

Resumo

A valva aórtica quadricúspide (VAQ) é uma anomalia congênita de achado raro, com probabilidade de desenvolver complicações para os pacientes com o decorrer da idade1,3. Pode ser achado ocasional em pacientes assintomáticos, mas, frequentemente, está associada com regurgitação aórtica podendo resultar em hipertensão pulmonar, hipertrofia moderada e dilatação leve. Recentemente, a ecocardiografia transesofágica (ETE) tem permitido um diagnóstico precoce, rápido e preciso quando há achados de VAQ. A presente pesquisa trata-se de busca bibliográfica em: publicações científicas, artigos científicos e revistas de publicação científica, usando o banco de dados Pubmed e SciELO no período de 2002 a 2019. Foi analisado que a VAQ é uma malformação congênita de valva aórtica extremamente rara com incidência entre 0,008 e 0,043%1. Pacientes com VAQ isolada normalmente são assintomáticos até por volta da quinta à sexta décadas de vida, idade em que valva se torna mais ineficiente3. Portanto, constata-se que a valva quadricúspide é uma anomalia anatômica que pode ocasionar principalmente insuficiência valvar e regurgitação aórtica. Porém, quando diagnosticada precocemente, possui um tratamento eficaz e preciso que melhora a qualidade de vida do paciente e evita complicações futuras.

 

Palavras-Chave: válvula aórtica quadricúspide, ECG, variação anatômica