bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slit-bearing gastropods in the Jane Longstaff Collection at the Natural History Museum, London from the Visean (Carboniferous) of Dalry, Ayrshire, Scotland
Authors: Karapunar Baran , Todd Jonathan A. , Nützel Alexander
Published: March 2024

Natural history museums house numerous previously undescribed species and unknown information hidden in their collections. We describe lower Carboniferous slit-bearing gastropods (order Pleurotomariida, subclass Vetigastropoda; and family Goniasmatidae, subclass Caenogastropoda) from previously unreported gastropod collections made by Jane Longstaff (Jane Donald), one of the pioneering paleontologists of Paleozoic gastropods in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The gastropods were collected from the Lower Limestone Formation (Visean, Brigantian) near Dalry, Ayrshire, Scotland. The collection consists largely of microgastropods, many of which are unusually well-preserved including delicate ornament and protoconchs (larval shells). Three new pleurotomariidan species are described—Biarmeaspira heidelbergerae new species, Neilsonia seussae new species, Tapinotomaria longstaffae new species—in addition to seven species belonging to Borestus Thomas, 1940, Stegocoelia (Stegocoelia) Donald, 1889, Stegocoelia (Hypergonia) Donald, 1892, Donaldospira Batten, 1966, and Platyzona Knight, 1945. The caenogastropod-type protoconch is documented for the first time in Hypergonia, which is therefore placed in Goniasmatidae. The new data confirm that Neilsonia Thomas, 1940 (type genus of Neilsoniinae) belongs to Pleurotomariida and is distinct from the morphologically convergent Peruvispira Chronic, 1949 (Goniasmatidae). The selenizone morphology is identical in Biarmeaspira Mazaev, 2006 and Baylea de Koninck, 1883 during their early ontogeny, and Biarmeaspira develops an angulation on the selenizone (the diagnostic feature) in late ontogeny. This corroborates earlier suggestions that Biarmeaspira evolved from Baylea. Biarmeaspira heidelbergerae n. sp. is the first Carboniferous record of Biarmeaspira, which was previously only known from the Permian. The angulated selenizone evidently evolved several times in Pleurotomariida and the repeated appearance of this character in different groups (e.g., Phymatopleuridae, Eotomariidae, Pleurotomariidae) needs further studies using phylogenetic methods.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/92ae9a99-5774-4ee9-bf5d-9a9319494ef6
On Their Own Terms: How Cocalera Organizing Expanded Indigenous Women’s Rights in Bolivia
Authors: Farthing Linda , Grisaffi Thomas
Published: March 2024

A key element in the historically unprecedented advances in indigenous women’s political representation under Bolivia’s Evo Morales’s administration (2006–2019) was the influence that women coca growers played in the rural women’s indigenous organization known as the Bartolinas. Driven in no small measure by their resistance to the US-financed War on Drugs in the Chapare region, the cocaleras became both Bolivia’s strongest indigenous women’s organization and its most dedicated advocates for indigenous women’s rights. This article contends that intersectionality—of gender, class, and indigenous identities—is at the heart of understanding indigenous women’s transformation from “helpers” of a male-dominated peasant union to government ministers in the space of ten years. Not only did they effectively deploy chachawarmi, the Andean concept of gender complementarity, to advance their rights in a way consistent with their cultural identity and political loyalties, but they also benefited from the gains of a predominantly urban middle-class feminist movement even though they formally rejected the feminist movement’s composition and perceived orientation.
Fast as Potoroo: Radio continuum detection of a bow-shock pulsar wind nebula powered by pulsar J1638–4713
Authors: Lazarević Sanja , Filipović Miroslav D. , Dai Shi , Kothes Roland , Ahmad Adeel , Alsaberi Rami Z. E. , Balzan Joel C. F. , Barnes Luke A. , Cotton William D. , Edwards Philip G. , Gordon Yjan A. , Haberl Frank , Hopkins Andrew M. , Koribalski Bärbel S. , Leahy Denis , Maitra Chandreyee , Mićić Marko , Rowell Gavin , Sasaki Manami , Tothill Nicholas F. H. , Umana Grazia , Velović Velibor
Published: March 2024

We report the discovery of a bow-shock pulsar wind nebula (PWN), named Potoroo, and the detection of a young pulsar J1638$-$4713 that powers the nebula. We present a radio continuum study of the PWN based on 20-cm observations obtained from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) and MeerKAT. PSR J1638$-$4713 was identified using Parkes radio telescope observations at frequencies above 3 GHz. The pulsar has the second-highest dispersion measure of all known radio pulsars (1 553 pc cm$^{-3}$), a spin period of 65.74 ms and a spin-down luminosity of$\dot{E}=6.1\times10^{36}$erg s$^{-1}$. The PWN has a cometary morphology and one of the greatest projected lengths among all the observed pulsar radio tails, measuring over 21 pc for an assumed distance of 10 kpc. The remarkably long tail and atypically steep radio spectral index are attributed to the interplay of a supernova reverse shock and the PWN. The originating supernova remnant is not known so far. We estimated the pulsar kick velocity to be in the range of 1 000–2 000 km s$^{-1}$for ages between 23 and 10 kyr. The X-ray counterpart found inChandradata, CXOU J163802.6$-$471358, shows the same tail morphology as the radio source but is shorter by a factor of 10. The peak of the X-ray emission is offset from the peak of the radio total intensity (Stokes$\rm I$) emission by approximately 4.7$^{\prime\prime}$, but coincides well with circularly polarised (Stokes$\rm V$) emission. No infrared counterpart was found.
THE SUMMED PAPERFOLDING SEQUENCE
Authors: BUNDER MARTIN , BATES BRUCE , ARNOLD STEPHEN
Published: March 2024

The sequence
$a( 1) ,a( 2) ,a( 3) ,\ldots, $
labelled A088431 in the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, is defined by:
$a( n) $
is half of the
$( n+1) $
th component, that is, the
$( n+2) $
th term, of the continued fraction expansion of
$$ \begin{align*} \sum_{k=0}^{\infty }\frac{1}{2^{2^{k}}}. \end{align*} $$

Dimitri Hendriks has suggested that it is the sequence of run lengths of the paperfolding sequence, A014577. This paper proves several results for this summed paperfolding sequence and confirms Hendriks’s conjecture.
Imperfect relief: Challenges to the impartiality and identity of humanitarian action
Authors: DuBois Marc , Healy Sean
Published: March 2024

One of the four core humanitarian principles, impartiality's substantive ethical and deeply operational nature directs aid agencies to seek and deliver aid on the basis of non-discrimination and in proportion to the needs of crisis-affected people. Designed to operationalize the principle of humanity, impartiality is challenged by a plethora of external factors, such as the instrumentalization of aid, bureaucratic restriction, obstruction by States or non-State armed groups, and insecurity. Less visible and less examined are factors internal to aid agencies or the sector as a whole. Based on a desk review of the literature and the authors’ experience working with Médecins Sans Frontières, this article explores shortcomings in how the humanitarian sector understands and operationalizes impartiality, placing the focus on these internal factors.

Beginning with the definition of impartiality, the article focuses on inadequacies in the practice of impartiality's twin pillars: non-discrimination and proportionality in the delivery of aid. Key conclusions include the necessity of an active rather than passive approach to non-discrimination, and the need for greater commitment to proportionality. In extending this analysis, the article looks more deeply at how aid organizations approach the humanitarian principles, identifying shortcomings in the way that the sector operationalizes, engages with and evaluates those principles. Given the sector's limited inclusion of or accountability towards people in crisis, its exercise of impartiality seems particularly problematic in relation to its power to decide the who and what of aid delivery, and to define the needs which it will consider humanitarian.

The objective of this article is to reset humanitarians’ conceptual and operational understanding of impartiality in order to better reflect and protect humanity in humanitarian praxis, and to help humanitarians navigate the emergent challenges and critical discussions on humanitarian action's position in respect to climate change, triple-nexus programming, or simply a future where staggering levels of urgent needs vastly outstrip humanitarian resources.
Impact of Seesaw Spring Soil Moisture Anomalies in the Middle Latitudes on the General Circulation in Summer and Its Mechanism
Authors: Li Kechen , Wang Hao , Zhang Feimin , Wang Chenghai
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the effects of spring soil moisture (SM) anomalies in the mid‐latitudes on the atmospheric circulation in summer over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) are investigated. The results show that there are two regions of maximum interannual variability of the spring SM in the mid‐latitudes, which are located in central North America (CNA) and Europe and central Asia (ECA). In addition, the interannual variation of spring SM anomalies between CNA and ECA exhibits a seesaw pattern. The CNA–ECA seesaw pattern of the spring SM anomalies leads to the surface heat anomalies having opposite phases in CNA and ECA from spring to summer, which subsequently cause the opposite phase of baroclinicity anomalies in spring. The anomalous meridional temperature advections in spring cause the baroclinicity anomalies to have the same phase around CNA and ECA in summer. Corresponded with the same phase of baroclinicity anomalies, the anomalous centers of the stationary Rossby wave train (RWT) and Rossby wave source (RWS) have the same phase in CNA and ECA in summer. Through analysis of the vorticity budgets, the maintenance mechanism of the RWT in summer is considered as a positive feedback that anomalous meridional winds characterized by a RWT, transport the mean absolute vorticity and subsequently lead to an anomalous RWS, which in turn maintains the stationary RWT. Numerical experiments further demonstrate the effects of CNA–ECA seesaw pattern of spring SM anomalies on stationary RWT and RWS in summer.
Fine Structure of Magnetospheric Magnetosonic Waves: 1. Elementary Rising‐Tone Emissions Within Individual Harmonic
Authors: Li Jinxing , Bortnik Jacob , Tian Sheng , Ma Qianli , An Xin , Ma Donglai , Chu Xiangning , Wygant John , Kurth William S. , Hospodarsky George B. , Reeves Geoffrey D. , Funsten Herbert O. , Spence Harlan , Baker Daniel N.
Published: March 2024

The present study uncovers the fine structures of magnetosonic waves by investigating the EFW waveforms measured by Van Allen Probes. We show that each harmonic of the magnetosonic wave may consist of a series of elementary rising‐tone emissions, implying a nonlinear mechanism for the wave generation. By investigating an elementary rising‐tone magnetosonic wave that spans a wide frequency range, we show that the frequency sweep rate is likely proportional to the wave frequency. We studied compound rising‐tone magnetosonic waves, and found that they typically consist of multiple harmonics in the source region, and may gradually become continuous in frequency as they propagate away from source. Both elementary and compound rising‐tone magnetosonic waves last for ∼1 min which is close to the bounce period of the ring proton distribution, but their relation is not fully understood.
Assessing GPT-4 for cell type annotation in single-cell RNA-seq analysis
Authors: Hou Wenpin , Ji Zhicheng
Published: March 2024

Here we demonstrate that the large language model GPT-4 can accurately annotate cell types using marker gene information in single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. When evaluated across hundreds of tissue and cell types, GPT-4 generates cell type annotations exhibiting strong concordance with manual annotations. This capability can considerably reduce the effort and expertise required for cell type annotation. Additionally, we have developed an R software package GPTCelltype for GPT-4’s automated cell type annotation.
A study on the relationship between recreational physical activity and audiovisual difficulty for older adults
Authors: Zhang Jipeng , Feng Rui , Cao Yiwen , Mo Hongfei
Published: March 2024

Audiovisual difficulty are especially common in older adults. Audiovisual difficulty seriously affect the quality of life of older adults in their later years. It is a top priority to find out the related factors, and to intervene and prevent them. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between recreational physical activities and audiovisual difficulty in older adults. We hope that older adults can reduce the risk of hearing and visual difficulty through scientific physical activity. A total of 4,886 people were sampled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2018. Recreational physical activity was assessed through the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ); Hearing and visual difficulty were assessed using the Disability Questionnaire (DLQ). Chi-square test was used for categorical variables and rank sum test was used for measurement variables. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (bilateral test). After univariate analysis, binary Logistic regression analysis was performed with recreational physical activity as the independent variable, statistically significant demographic variable as the covariate, and hearing and visual difficulty as the dependent variable, respectively. (1) After excluding all confounding variables, recreational physical activity was significantly associated with hearing difficulty (P < 0.001), odds ratio (OR) 0.657 (95% CI 0.5899–0.733); (2) Recreational physical activity was significantly associated with visual difficulty (P < 0.001), OR 0.731 (95% CI 0.630–0.849). (1) Recreational physical activity is the protective factor of hearing difficulty in older adults; (2) Recreational physical activity is a protective factor for visual difficulty in older adults.
An IoT-based low-cost architecture for smart libraries using SDN
Authors: Xu Hui , Liu Wei-dong , Li Lu , Zhou Qi
Published: March 2024

In the evolving landscape of smart libraries, this research pioneers an IoT-based low-cost architecture utilizing Software-Defined Networking (SDN). The increasing demand for more efficient and economical solutions in library management, particularly in the realm of RFID-based processes such as authentication, property circulation, and book loans, underscores the significance of this study. Leveraging the collaborative potential of IoT and SDN technologies, our proposed system introduces a fresh perspective to tackle these challenges and advance intelligent library management. In response to the evolving landscape of smart libraries, our research presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-based low-cost architecture utilizing SDN. The exploration of this architectural paradigm arises from a recognized gap in the existing literature, pointing towards the necessity for more efficient and cost-effective solutions in managing library processes. Our proposed algorithm integrates IoT and SDN technologies to intelligently oversee various library activities, specifically targeting RFID-based processes such as authentication, property circulation management, and book loan management. The system's architecture, encompasses components like the data center, SDN controllers, RFID tags, tag readers, and other network sensors. By leveraging the synergy between RFID and SDN, our innovative approach reduces the need for constant operator supervision in libraries. The scalability and software-oriented nature of the architecture cater to extensive library environments. Our study includes a two-phase investigation, combining practical implementation in a small-scale library with a simulation environment using MATLAB 2021. This research not only fills a crucial gap in current knowledge but also lays the foundation for future advancements in the integration of IoT and SDN technologies for intelligent library management.
Unexpected identification of obesity-associated mutations in LEP and MC4R genes in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Rajcsanyi Luisa Sophie , Zheng Yiran , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Seitz Jochen , de Zwaan Martina , Herzog Wolfgang , Ehrlich Stefan , Zipfel Stephan , Giel Katrin , Egberts Karin , Burghardt Roland , Föcker Manuel , Antel Jochen , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Hebebrand Johannes , Hinney Anke
Published: March 2024

Mutations leading to a reduced or loss of function in genes of the leptin-melanocortin system confer a risk for monogenic forms of obesity. Yet, gain of function variants in the melanocortin-4-receptor (MC4R) gene predispose to a lower BMI. In individuals with reduced body weight, we thus expected mutations leading to an enhanced function in the respective genes, like leptin (LEP) and MC4R. Therefore, we have Sanger sequenced the coding regions of LEP and MC4R in 462 female patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), and 445 healthy-lean controls. In total, we have observed four and eight variants in LEP and MC4R, respectively. Previous studies showed different functional in vitro effects for the detected frameshift and non-synonymous variants: (1) LEP: reduced/loss of function (p.Val94Met), (2) MC4R: gain of function (p.Val103Ile, p.Ile251Leu), reduced or loss of function (p.Thr112Met, p.Ser127Leu, p.Leu211fsX) and without functional in vitro data (p.Val50Leut). In LEP, the variant p.Val94Met was detected in one patient with AN. For MC4R variants, one patient with AN carried the frameshift variant p.Leu211fsX. One patient with AN was heterozygous for two variants at the MC4R (p.Val103Ile and p.Ser127Leu). All other functionally relevant variants were detected in similar frequencies in patients with AN and lean individuals.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation study of etomidate: a randomized, open-label, 2-period crossover study in healthy Chinese subjects
Authors: Ding Ying , Chu Nan-nan , Wang Rui , Qin Wei , Shi Yun-fei , Qian Zhen-zhong , Liu Bo , He Qing
Published: March 2024

Etomidate is a sedative and hypnotic drug through intravenous administration that act on the central nervous system through GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) receptors, which is widely used in anesthesia induction and maintenance and long-term sedation in severe patients. The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of two etomidate fat emulsions after administration through the intravenous infusion pump in healthy Chinese subjects. A randomized, open-label, 2-period crossover study was performed in 52 healthy subjects. The wash-out period was 7 days. Blood samples and pharmacodynamic index values were collected at the specified time points. Etomidate concentrations were measured using validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using a non-compartment model method. Pharmacodynamic parameters were calculated using pharmacodynamic index values. The study also evaluated the safety of the etomidate. Both the pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacodynamic parameters result of the test and reference formulation were very similar. The 90% confidence intervals (CI) of the geometric least-squares mean (GLSM) ratios of the test to reference formulation were 91.33–104.96% for the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), 97.21–102.03% for the area under the plasma concentration time curve from time 0 to the time of the last measurable concentration (AUC0–t), and 97.22–102.33% for the area under the plasma concentration time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC0–∞). Meanwhile, the 90% CI of the GLSM ratios of the test to reference formulation were 102.28–110.69% for the minimal BIS value (BISmin), 99.23–101.17% for the area under the BIS time curve from time 0–60 min after administration (BISAUC0–60 min), respectively. The 90% CI of these pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters all fall in the accepted bioequivalence range of 80.00–125.00%. No serious adverse events occurred during the study. This study has shown that the etomidate fat emulsion test and reference formulation had similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics in vivo. The two formulations exhibited good safety and well-tolerance.

Clinical trials registration number:http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html. # CTR20191836.
Detecting abnormal cell behaviors from dry mass time series
Authors: Bailly Romain , Malfante Marielle , Allier Cédric , Paviolo Chiara , Ghenim Lamya , Padmanabhan Kiran , Bardin Sabine , Mars Jérôme
Published: March 2024

The prediction of pathological changes on single cell behaviour is a challenging task for deep learning models. Indeed, in self-supervised learning methods, no prior labels are used for the training and all of the information for event predictions are extracted from the data themselves. We present here a novel self-supervised learning model for the detection of anomalies in a given cell population, StArDusTS. Cells are monitored over time, and analysed to extract time-series of dry mass values. We assessed its performances on different cell lines, showing a precision of 96% in the automatic detection of anomalies. Additionally, anomaly detection was also associated with cell measurement errors inherent to the acquisition or analysis pipelines, leading to an improvement of the upstream methods for feature extraction. Our results pave the way to novel architectures for the continuous monitoring of cell cultures in applied research or bioproduction applications, and for the prediction of pathological cellular changes.
Skiing economy and kinematic during a field double poling roller skiing among novice and experienced cross-country skiers
Authors: Zhu Yang , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Ruoyang , Li Yanyan , Bai Peng , Gao Weifeng , Zhong Yaping
Published: March 2024

To assess the skiing economy (SE) and kinematics during double poling (DP) roller skiing between two groups of skiers in a field setting. Five experienced and five novice male skiers performed a SEDP test at 16 km∙h−1 on an outdoor athletics track. Gas exchange parameters were measured to determine SEDP. A two-dimensional video was filmed to measure the kinematics variables. Experienced skiers exhibited a 21% lower oxygen cost than novice skiers (p = 0.016) in DP, indicating a strong association between SEDP, cycle length and cycle rate (p < 0.001). Additionally, before the poling phase, experienced skiers manifested significantly greater maximum hip and knee extension angles than novice skiers (p < 0.001). During the poling phase, experienced skiers with a greater pole plant angle (p = 0.001), longer flexion time (p < 0.001) and higher flexion angular velocity in the elbow joint (p < 0.05) demonstrated better SEDP. There was an interaction effect of the one-repetition maximum bench press × group in SEDP (b = − 0.656, SE = 0.097, t = − 6.78, p = 0.001). Therefore, experienced skiers with better SEDP demonstrated more efficient cycles, potentially accomplished using dynamic full-body DP motion to ascertain effective propulsion. Combined upper body strength and ski-specific skill training may enhance SEDP in novice skiers.
Facile fabrication of a graphene-based chemical sensor with ultrasensitivity for nitrobenzene
Authors: Raza Ali , Ullah Zaka , Khalil Adnan , Batool Rashida , Haider Sajjad , Alam Kamran , Sonil Nazmina Imrose , Rouf Alvi Muhammad , Nazar Muhammad Faizan
Published: March 2024

A graphene-based chemical sensor is fabricated which offers a notable response for nitrobenzene. The sensor shows the highest sensitivity of 231.1 for nitrobenzene and the fastest response of 6.9 s for benzyl chloride.
Interlayer carrier high-speed conductive channels and excellent electrical transport performance of multilayer films
Authors: Ke Shaoqiu , Chen Tiantian , Nie Xiaolei , Ai Xiaoling , Huang Tonglu , Zhang Haojun , Li Longzhou , Xu Wenjie , Liu Chengshan , Zhu Wanting , Wei Ping , He Danqi , Zhao Wenyu , Zhang Qingjie
Published: March 2024

The high-speed conduction channels, spin-dependent scattering and weak localization effect induced by metal Fe-NP layers effectively enhance the electrical transport performance and cooling performance.
Designing buried-gate InGaZnO transistors for high-yield and reliable switching characteristics
Authors: Kim Do Hyeong , Oh Seyoung , Kwon Ojun , Jeong Soo-Hong , Seo Hyun Young , Cho Eunjeong , Kim Min Jeong , Seo Wondeok , Kwon Jung-Dae , Kim Yonghun , Park Woojin , Cho Byungjin
Published: March 2024

The study emphasizes the benefits of buried gate IGZO transistor devices, showcasing enhanced electrical performance and reliability.
Achieving highly efficient antisolvent- and annealing-free NIR perovskite light-emitting diodes by optimizing the gradient of preheating
Authors: Iskandar Johan , Lee Chih-Chien , Deng Xiang Ren , Liu Shun-Wei , Biring Sajal
Published: March 2024

Johan and colleagues demonstrated antisolvent- and annealing-free PeLEDs by modulating the substrate preheating gradient. The strategy is a viable alternative to the traditional antisolvent method for promoting high-quality perovskite films.
p–n heterogeneous Sb2S3/SnO2 quantum dot anchored reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yin Haiyan , Zhan Guanghao , Yan Ruibo , Wu Xiaohui , Hu Qianqian , Huang Xiaoying
Published: March 2024

Hierarchical Sb2S3/SnO2@rGO was prepared via anchoring p–n heterogeneous Sb2S3/SnO2 QDs on rGO nanosheets, exhibiting excellent rate performance and superior long-term cycling stability at a high current density as an anode material of LIBs.
Luminescence turn-on sensor for the selective detection of trace water and methanol based on a Zn(ii) coordination polymer with 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate
Authors: Suebphanpho Jitti , Boonmak Jaursup
Published: March 2024

A Zn(ii) coordination polymer containing free hydroxyl groups presents thermally and methanol induced reversible structural transformation, and high selectivity with water and methanol sensing by turn-on luminescent intensity.
Effect of CeO2 support structure on the catalytic performance of ammonia synthesis in an electric field at low temperatures
Authors: Maeda Ryuku , Sampei Hiroshi , Nakayama Reika , Higo Takuma , Koshizuka Yoshiki , Bando Yoshiro , Komanoya Tasuku , Nakahara Yunosuke , Sekine Yasushi
Published: March 2024

Low-temperature ammonia synthesis in an electric field using Ru/CeO2 catalysts was investigated. Controlling the structure of CeO2 enabled enhancement of surface proton conduction.
Analysis of the adhesive secreting cells of Arion subfuscus: insights into the role of microgels in a tough, fast-setting hydrogel glue
Authors: Smith Andrew M. , Flammang Patrick
Published: March 2024

A model for the rapid setting of a gastropod hydrogel adhesive. Cross-linked microgels mix with microscopic packets of polysaccharides; these flow onto surfaces until the packets rupture, joining the microgels together.
A triboelectric nanogenerator with synergistic complementary nanopatterns fabricated by block copolymer self-assembly
Authors: Yun Seong-Yun , Kim Min Hyeok , Yang Geon Gug , Choi Hee Jae , Kim Do-Wan , Choi Yang-Kyu , Kim Sang Ouk
Published: March 2024

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with complementary nanopatterns was fabricated by block copolymer self-assembly using Mussel-inspired surface engineering. The TENG yielded enhanced electrical outputs and was applied to gait monitoring system.
Phototuning structural color and optical switching cholesteric textures in azobenzene-doped cholesteric liquid crystals
Authors: Lu Hongbo , Cao Ying , Bai Hao , Ren Mingyan , Qiu Longzhen , Zhu Jun , Xu Miao
Published: March 2024

The first integration of structure modulation and phase modulation of CLCs has been accomplished. CLCs doped with azobenzene show rapid color shifts and phase modulation dependent on different intensity light source stimuli within a few seconds.
Renewable Compatibilizing Agent for Silica Reinforced Natural Rubber
Authors: Surya Indra , Ismail Hanafi
Published: March 2024

The main problem in utilizing silica as an alternative reinforcing filler for natural rubber (NR) compounds is a weak rubber-filler interaction and poor filler distribution due to their incompatibility feature. The particles of silica have a strong tendency to filler interactions which leads to form silica agglomeration. To solve this drawback, this work has utilized ethanolamine-modified palm stearin (EMPS) as a renewable compatibilizer agent to improve NR-silica compatibility. The EMPS was prepared by a typical chemical reaction between ethanolamine and refined bleach-deodorized palm stearin (a byproduct of cooking oil production) on a laboratory scale. The influence of the EMPS on the improvement of rubber-filler interaction was investigated by studying the processing characteristics and the tensile properties of silica-reinforced NR compound (silica content was fixed at 30 phr). Compared to the silica-reinforced NR with no EMPS, it was found that EMPS caused a greater coefficient of vulcanization, tensile strength, and reinforcement effect for the silica-reinforced NR. It was due to an active reaction between silanol groups of silica with EMPS which increased the NR-silica compatibility, and the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis has confirmed the typical reaction.
Mechanical and Tribological Performance of AlCrFeCuNi-(Vx) HEAs Synthesized via Arc Melting technique
Authors: Mpofu P , Malatji N , Shongwe M.B , Lekoadi P.M , Tlotleng M , Kanyane L.R
Published: March 2024

The AlCrFeCuNi-(Vx) High Entropy Alloy (HEA) was created via arc-melting and casting processes. The influence of vanadium (V) on the Nano mechanical behaviour, microstructural development, as well as the wear performance of the produced HEAs was examined. Notable improvements to the Nano hardness of the HEAs were evident with an increase in V content from 1at% to 5at%. The addition of V altered the frictional behaviour of the HEA with an increased coefficient of friction as V is increased. The addition of V also greatly affected the microstructural orientation of the HEA, exhibiting signs of homogenization as V content increased.
Olefin dihydroxylation mediated by Os-Zn-Al hydrotalcite-like catalyst: The scope and reactivity using various co-oxidants
Authors: Mpungose Philani Perfect , Malaza Ntokozo , Gumbi Bhekumuzi , Friedrich Holger
Published: March 2024

The heterogeneous oxidation of olefins to vicinal diols was investigated using an Os-Zn-Al hydrotalcite-like catalyst (HTlc). The Os-Zn-Al HTlc was synthesised by the co-precipitation method and characterised fully using XRD, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, ICP-OES and BET surface area measurements. The ability of the synthesised Os-Zn-Al HTlc to catalytically dihydroxylate olefins to vicinal diols using various co-oxidants (air, NMO, K3Fe(CN)6, H2O2 and t-BuOOH) was investigated. The focus was mostly on N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMO) and K3Fe(CN)6 since they are well established co-oxidants for osmium catalysed dihydroxylation. When NMO was used, 100 % olefin conversion was achieved for all olefins tested. While, 100% conversion was only achieved with electron rich olefins when K3Fe(CN)6 was used as co-oxidant. Recyclability and leaching tests were done, and it was found that the catalyst could be recycled at least 3 times in the NMO system and the K3Fe(CN)6-K2CO3 system was found to be truly heterogeneous.
Integration Challenges and Solutions for Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: From Panel to Battery
Authors: Lalitha G , Kaliyaperumal Gopal , Nijhawan Ginni , Praveen  , Tyagi Lalit Kumar , Abood Ahmed Salam
Published: March 2024

The integration of solar power with electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure presents a promising avenue to foster sustainable transportation. This study delves into the multifaceted challenges encountered in the synthesis of solar-powered EV charging stations and proffers solutions that span the complete energy transfer chain from photovoltaic panels to EV batteries. Initial concerns address the intermittent nature of solar energy and its impact on the reliability of power delivery. Advanced energy management strategies are explored, incorporating predictive analytics and real-time adjustment mechanisms to enhance the consistency and efficiency of power flow. The second part of the investigation scrutinizes the power electronics interface, emphasizing the need for high-efficiency converters that can operate effectively over varied solar insolation levels. Novel circuit topologies are presented, alongside adaptive control algorithms designed to optimize the power conversion process. Collectively, the findings underscore the potential of solar-powered EV charging infrastructure to not only support the decarbonization of transportation but also to contribute to the stability and efficiency of the power grid. The intersection of power electronics, energy management, and grid integration forms the cornerstone of this endeavor, with each domain providing critical components to the holistic solution. It culminates in a set of recommendations for policy, design, and operation that can accelerate the adoption of this technology.
Utilizing Generative Design Algorithms for Innovative Structural Engineering Solutions
Authors: Ramesh B , RJ Anandhi , Singla Atul , Chandra Pradeep Kumar , Sethi Vandana Arora , Abood Ahmed Salam
Published: March 2024

The present research paper examines the application of generative design algorithms in the area of structural engineering. This new approach has transformed the field of structural engineering through its innovative solutions. The integration of algorithms and AI in generative engineering enables the investigation of broad possibilities for design, with a goal of increasing the productivity, environmental sustainability and aesthetically appeal of constructions. The current research examines the effective implementation of generative design algorithms for dealing with difficult structural issues to generate creative solutions. The text explores into the mathematical methods included its effect on sustainable design, and the potential for customization throughout the area of structural engineering. This study also explores case studies in which the use of generative design is being successfully implemented, providing valuable insights into its real-world benefits and limitations. The main objective is to prove the consequences of generative design algorithms for the design procedure, as well as their involvement in increased creativity, efficiency, as well as environmental sustainability in the field of construction engineering.
Air conditioner: A paradox
Authors: Nugraha Mochammad Suva , Fathir Mirza , Azima Tubagus Mulkan
Published: March 2024

In this essay, I attempt to argue that a positive mental state can improve the quality of health as well as catalyze the healing process of illness through the practice of using air conditioners and opening windows in domestic spaces. To support this argument, I will discuss it in the context of global boiling through the framework of the phenomenon of sick building syndrome, modern architecture, bio/nature-based design, and microclimate. From this essay, I conclude that there is still a need for further research on the wise use of air conditioning to reduce its impact on the surrounding environment and how to create a microclimate in domestic spaces that can improve the quality of health of its users.
Dynamics of collaborative governance of actors in palm oil fresh fruit bunch price setting
Authors: Hatmaja Defris , Andri Seno , Heriyanto Meyzi , Mayami  , Safitri Syofiatul
Published: March 2024

The second goal of Sustainable Development (SDGs) is the realization of sustainable agriculture to reducing hunger and achieve food security. One of the indicators of sustainable agriculture is social equality which includes fairness in access to information and market access. However, in practice, in realizing social justice, many smallholders cannot access information and markets, resulting in social inequality. Especially in Riau Province, which is the largest palm oil producer in Indonesia, contradictory conditions exist in the trading system for palm oil fresh fruit bunches (FFB), which still leaves independent farmers with many problems. They do not get prices according to government regulations because they have not entered into a partnership with the Palm Oil Company (POC). To overcome this problem, the Riau Provincial Government formed a partnership palm oil pricing team involving the private sector, community, academics and the press. The aim of this research is to create dynamics of collaborative governance in determining prices for palm oil FFB in Riau Province in order to achieve justice in sustainable agriculture. This research uses a postpositivist approach with descriptive qualitative methods. Using data collection techniques in the form of participant observation and indepth interviews can offer alternative solutions to the problem of inequality in justice for independent farmers. The findings reveal that the dynamics of collaboration between parties, joint motivation to collaborate and equitable pricing, and there is a capacity for joint action in the pricing of oil palm FFB in Riau Province. These three factors have proven effective in providing open access to information and markets for independent partners and nonpartner oil palm smallholders in Riau Province.
Implementation of social forestry policy – Can it reduce economic inequality in sustainable management of forest areas?
Authors: Nasution Mimin Sundari , Tua Harapan , Zulkamaini
Published: March 2024

You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.83/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/10/2016 Concerning Social Forestry that Social Forestry activities are required through efforts to give local communities legal access in the form of Village Forest management, Village Forest utilization, and Village Forest management. The Village Forest initiative aims to sustainably raise village welfare. With a total size of 2,940 hectares, Sungai Tohor Village Forest is one of the Village Forests and. It’s existence is complicated, and it has a challenging issue. In addition to concerns and issues relating to social, cultural, economic, and even organizational factors, the topic of ecological sustainability is crucial. The goal of this study is to determine how Village Forest Utilization Policies can sustainably increase the economic welfare of Village Communities. A case study methodology and a qualitative technique are both used in this work. Using in-depth interviews, observation, Focus Group Discussion, and documentation approaches collect primary and secondary data. Key informants were interviewed using the purposive sampling technique. The policy’s substance includes interests, different benefit types, the degree of change, the position of the policymakers and program implementers, as well as resources. The novelty of this study was that not every location can implement Village Forest regulations.
Analysis of E. coli contamination in groundwater during the dry season
Authors: Kintari F. , Priadi C. R.
Published: March 2024

Changes in seasons or the occurrence of rain are factors that affect groundwater quality, especially in areas with low Drinking Water Distribution Companya coverage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of groundwater during the dry season in three urban villages in Bekasi City, and the factors that influence it. Comparison of the values of pH, TDS, E. coli, and Total Coliform with clean water quality standards and descriptive statistical analysis was carried out to compare the level of risk of E. coli contamination, namely low-very high risk. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the concentration of E.coli and Total Coliform did not meet the quality standards of clean water and it was known that the risk of E.coli contamination was very high in Sumur Batu was 56%, Jatirangga 38%, and Jatiluhur 52%. Spearman rank statistical method was used to determine the factors that influence and obtained a very weak relationship on the occurrence of rain 7 days before sampling and the distance of wells and septic tanks to the concentration of E.coli in the dry season.
UAV path planning techniques: a survey
Authors: Ghambari Soheila , Golabi Mahmoud , Jourdan Laetitia , Lepagnot Julien , Idoumghar Lhassane
Published: March 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are ideally suited for many real-world applications ranging from scientific to commercial, industrial, and military fields. Enhancing the efficiency of UAV-based missions through optimization techniques is of paramount significance. In this regard, the path planning problem that refers to finding the best collision-free path between the start point and the destination by addressing temporal, physical, and geometric constraints is a key issue. In this paper, a review of recent path planning methods from different perspectives with a clear and comprehensive categorization is presented. This study provides a general taxonomy categorizing the existing works into classical approaches, soft-computing techniques, and hybrid methods. Here, a detailed analysis of the recent techniques as well as their advantages and limitations is offered. Additionally, it provides an overview of environment modeling methods, path structures, optimality criteria, completeness criteria, and current UAV simulators.
A Facile Procedure for Halodecarboxylation of Hydroxyaromatic Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Zhang Zhenbei , Bakumenko Olha , Xue Feng , Sun Wenhui , Cao Zhishan , Zhang Guisheng
Published: March 2024

An efficient approach is reported for the direct halodecarboxylation of hydroxyaromatic acids by using a readily available N-halosuccinimide (halo = Cl, Br) as the sole promoter in ethanol at room temperature without any other catalyst or additive. This environmentally friendly route tolerates a wide substrate scope with good to excellent yields under convenient conditions.
A Late Pleistocene coastal ecosystem in French Guiana was hyperdiverse relative to today
Authors: Antoine Pierre-Olivier , Wieringa Linde N. , Adnet Sylvain , Aguilera Orangel , Bodin Stéphanie C. , Cairns Stephen , Conejeros-Vargas Carlos A. , Cornée Jean-Jacques , Ežerinskis Žilvinas , Fietzke Jan , Gribenski Natacha O. , Grouard Sandrine , Hendy Austin , Hoorn Carina , Joannes-Boyau Renaud , Langer Martin R. , Luque Javier , Marivaux Laurent , Moissette Pierre , Nooren Kees , Quillévéré Frédéric , Šapolaitė Justina , Sciumbata Matteo , Valla Pierre G. , Witteveen Nina H. , Casanova Alexandre , Clavier Simon , Bidgrain Philibert , Gallay Marjorie , Rhoné Mathieu , Heuret Arnauld
Published: March 2024

Warmer temperatures and higher sea level than today characterized the Last Interglacial interval [Pleistocene, 128 to 116 thousand years ago (ka)]. This period is a remarkable deep-time analog for temperature and sea-level conditions as projected for 2100 AD, yet there has been no evidence of fossil assemblages in the equatorial Atlantic. Here, we report foraminifer, metazoan (mollusks, bony fish, bryozoans, decapods, and sharks among others), and plant communities of coastal tropical marine and mangrove affinities, dating precisely from a ca. 130 to 115 ka time interval near the Equator, at Kourou, in French Guiana. These communities include ca. 230 recent species, some being endangered today and/or first recorded as fossils. The hyperdiverse Kourou mollusk assemblage suggests stronger affinities between Guianese and Caribbean coastal waters by the Last Interglacial than today, questioning the structuring role of the Amazon Plume on tropical Western Atlantic communities at the time. Grassland-dominated pollen, phytoliths, and charcoals from younger deposits in the same sections attest to a marine retreat and dryer conditions during the onset of the last glacial (ca. 110 to 50 ka), with a savanna-dominated landscape and episodes of fire. Charcoals from the last millennia suggest human presence in a mosaic of modern-like continental habitats. Our results provide key information about the ecology and biogeography of pristine Pleistocene tropical coastal ecosystems, especially relevant regarding the—widely anthropogenic—ongoing global warming.
Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation evokes two distinct cortical responses via differential white matter activation
Authors: Seas Andreas , Noor M. Sohail , Choi Ki Sueng , Veerakumar Ashan , Obatusin Mosadoluwa , Dahill-Fuchel Jacob , Tiruvadi Vineet , Xu Elisa , Riva-Posse Patricio , Rozell Christopher J. , Mayberg Helen S. , McIntyre Cameron C. , Waters Allison C. , Howell Bryan
Published: March 2024

Subcallosal cingulate (SCC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging therapy for refractory depression. Good clinical outcomes are associated with the activation of white matter adjacent to the SCC. This activation produces a signature cortical evoked potential (EP), but it is unclear which of the many pathways in the vicinity of SCC is responsible for driving this response. Individualized biophysical models were built to achieve selective engagement of two target bundles: either the forceps minor (FM) or cingulum bundle (CB). Unilateral 2 Hz stimulation was performed in seven patients with treatment-resistant depression who responded to SCC DBS, and EPs were recorded using 256-sensor scalp electroencephalography. Two distinct EPs were observed: a 120 ms symmetric response spanning both hemispheres and a 60 ms asymmetrical EP. Activation of FM correlated with the symmetrical EPs, while activation of CB was correlated with the asymmetrical EPs. These results support prior model predictions that these two pathways are predominantly activated by clinical SCC DBS and provide first evidence of a link between cortical EPs and selective fiber bundle activation.
Commemoration and radical right-wing populism in European borderlands
Authors: Lamour Christian
Published: March 2024

The success of radical right-wing populist (RRWP) parties is based on discourses displaying “power geometries”
(Massey 1993, 1999). These involve the
representation of power relations, with on one side a globalized elite, boosting the mobility of human beings, goods and capital
across borders, and on the other side, a territorially embedded people subject to this borderless mobility. Power geometries can
also be used to approach the chameleonic behavior of RRWP politicians and their allies in the political space. The article uses
this concept to interpret the attitude of the Trieste City Executive and the reactions to it when it commemorated a past connected
to Italian fascism. The results show that the power geometries involving the RRWP and their allies in European borderlands can
lead to discursive ambivalence in two overlapping spaces: the territorial and state-bordered space of representative democracy,
and the topological and cross-border space of para-diplomacy.