bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Buformin suppresses osteosarcoma via targeting AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Ding Yan , Lv Shiqiao , Li Guangrun , Cui Jinpeng , Chen Yunzhen
Published: July 2020

Background

Buformin has been reported to be a powerful anticancer drug by activating the AMPK signal. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of buformin on osteosarcoma.

Material and methods

Cellular proliferative abilities were determined by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Cellular invasion was investigated using a transwell system. Cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of key proteins. Synergistic effects of buformin and cisplatin were validated in seven fresh osteosarcoma tissues.

Results

Buformin suppressed the growth of U-2 OS cells in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 69.1 µM). Moreover, buformin induced cell cycle arrest (P < 0.001) and impaired cellular invasion (P = 0.038). Phosphorylation of AMPK was upregulated by buformin, while phosphorylation of S6, cyclin D1, and MMP9 were significantly downregulated. In addition, buformin notably induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lactate and eventually decreased ATP production. In both U-2 OS cells and the primary cultured osteosarcoma tissues, buformin increased tumor sensitivity to cisplatin.

Conclusions

Buformin could suppress tumor growth and invasion of osteosarcoma through directly targeting the AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, buformin inhibited the abnormal metabolism and notably increased the cytotoxicity of cisplatin, and therefore represents a new potential treatment option for osteosarcoma.
On θ-generalized demimetric mappings and monotone operators in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Ogwo Grace N. , Izuchukwu Chinedu , Aremu Kazeem O. , Mewomo Oluwatosin T.
Published: July 2020

Our main interest in this article is to introduce and study the class of θ-generalized demimetric mappings in Hadamard spaces. Also, a Halpern-type proximal point algorithm comprising this class of mappings and resolvents of monotone operators is proposed, and we prove that it converges strongly to a fixed point of a θ-generalized demimetric mapping and a common zero of a finite family of monotone operators in a Hadamard space. Furthermore, we apply the obtained results to solve a finite family of convex minimization problems, variational inequality problems and convex feasibility problems in Hadamard spaces.
Development of a rubric for assessing delayed diagnosis of appendicitis, diabetic ketoacidosis and sepsis
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Williams David N. , Dart Arianna H. , Mahajan Prashant , Aaronson Emily L. , Bachur Richard G. , Finkelstein Jonathan A.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Using case review to determine whether a patient experienced a delayed diagnosis is challenging. Measurement would be more accurate if case reviewers had access to multi-expert consensus on grading the likelihood of delayed diagnosis. Our objective was to use expert consensus to create a guide for objectively grading the likelihood of delayed diagnosis of appendicitis, new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and sepsis.

Methods

Case vignettes were constructed for each condition. In each vignette, a patient has the condition and had a previous emergency department (ED) visit within 7 days. Condition-specific multi-specialty expert Delphi panels reviewed the case vignettes and graded the likelihood of a delayed diagnosis on a five-point scale. Delayed diagnosis was defined as the condition being present during the previous ED visit. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement. In each Delphi round, panelists were given the scores from the previous round and asked to rescore. A case scoring guide was created from the consensus scores.

Results

Eighteen expert panelists participated. Consensus was achieved within three Delphi rounds for all appendicitis and sepsis vignettes. We reached consensus on 23/30 (77%) DKA vignettes. A case review guide was created from the consensus scores.

Conclusions

Multi-specialty expert reviewers can agree on the likelihood of a delayed diagnosis for cases of appendicitis and sepsis, and for most cases of DKA. We created a guide that can be used by researchers and quality improvement specialists to allow for objective case review to determine when delayed diagnoses have occurred for appendicitis, DKA, and sepsis.
Character mediation of plot structure: Toward an embodied model of narrative
Authors: Tu Carmen , Brown Steven
Published: July 2020

The classic view of narrative since the time of Aristotle is that plot structure is prioritized over characters in defining the nature of stories. According to this view, plot is an abstract structure external to the protagonist, and the protagonist’s actions are determined by the thematic goals of the plot. The current analysis calls for a reversal in the prioritization of these elements in creating a story. We present an Embodied Plot model in which character not only drives plot, but embodies plot as well. According to this model, the dramatic arc of plots is attributable to psychological processes occurring in the protagonist’s mind. Plot structure is thus isomorphic with the psychological and problem-solving experience of the protagonist inside the storyworld. We apply this model to a number of fairy tales to demonstrate how the dramatic arc of these stories can be explained in each case by the protagonist’s experientiality.
Enhancing E-Commerce through Blockchain (DLTs): The Regulatory Paradox for Digital Governance
Authors: Guarín Duque Gustavo , Zuluaga Torres Julián David
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, the emergence of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) and the rapidly developing of the digital economy have the potential to transform the current international regulatory framework. Thus, the current developments of DLTs in e-commerce demand a closer analysis of the implications for global governance and international trade. While the Internet has enhanced the development of new platforms for international trade, DLTs may be instruments to unleash the potential of e-commerce. In this scenario, DLTs could drive, strength and promote e-commerce transactions by diminishing inefficiencies. For instance, it could significantly reduce intermediation costs, facilitating the use and interoperability of smart contracts and single window systems. Indeed, customs operations are very complex and involve different types of intermediaries across borders, creating unnecessary obstacles to trade that could be reduced by the application of DLTs. There is where the regulatory paradox enters into place. The operability of DLTs in e-commerce raises significant regulatory challenges posing new policy questions. For this reason, it is crucial to achieving common understandings among relevant stakeholders to identify a set of principles that guide a country’s regulatory frameworks to facilitate the interoperability of e-commerce. One of the main pieces of the puzzle of proposing a set of principles is how to deal with an appropriate level of intervention from regulators in order to promote trust in international transactions, transparency, efficiency, security and operability among regulatory frameworks. This paper will examine current developments, initiatives, and proposals from different approaches: It will start with an overview of the opportunities that DLTs will create to promote e-commerce. Then, it will explore the current international economic legal framework in light of the application of DLTs in e-commerce, taking into consideration policy recommendations from international institutions and initiatives in some specific jurisdictions. From those views, a set of principles will be identified.
Influence of Al deoxidation on the formation of acicular ferrite in steel containing La
Authors: Xie Yu-Min , Song Ming-Ming , Wang Fang-Fang , Xue Zheng-Liang , Xu Run-Sheng , Wang Wei
Published: July 2020

The formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in steel containing Lanthanum (La) with different contents of Aluminum (Al) has been investigated. It has been found that the amount of AF in La treated steel killed by Al is less than the one with little content of Al. The reasons are as follows: first, Al can change the type of La-containing inclusions and may reduce the effectiveness of La inclusion to induce the nucleation of AF. second, Al can make the cooling rate range of AF nucleation narrower in La treated steel. What’s more, Al can increase the decomposition temperature of austenite, and all these make AF formation difficult. In this study, the content of Al should be controlled to less than 0.018 wt% to obtain a more effective inclusion to induce the formation of AF.
The role of pain, disability and perceived social support in psychological and academic functioning of university students with pain: an observational study
Authors: Serbic Danijela , Zhao Jun , He Jiafan
Published: July 2020

Objectives

University students with pain face unique physical, psychological, social and academic challenges, but research on this is limited. The main aim of this study was to examine how pain, disability and perceived social support relate to psychological and academic outcomes in students with pain. It also compared students with pain and students without pain on measures of depression, anxiety and perceived social support.

Methods

Three hundred and eleven students enrolled in Chinese universities took part in the study, 198 with pain (102 reported acute pain and 96 chronic pain) and 113 without pain. They completed measures of perceived social support, depression, anxiety, pain (intensity, frequency, duration), disability and pain interference with academic functioning.

Results

Students with chronic pain reported higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower levels of perceived social support than students without pain. There were no significant differences between students with acute and chronic pain, and between students with acute pain and those without pain. In the pain sample (containing both acute and chronic pain group), greater interference with academic functioning was predicted by higher levels of pain and disability, and disability also predicted higher levels of depression. After controlling for effects of pain and disability, lower levels of perceived social support predicted higher levels of both anxiety and depression.

Conclusions

These results highlight the role of pain and disability in academic functioning and the role of perceived social support in psychological functioning of students with pain.
Lie symmetry analysis and similarity solutions for the Jimbo – Miwa equation and generalisations
Authors: Halder Amlan K. , Paliathanasis Andronikos , Seshadri Rajeswari , Leach Peter G. L.
Published: July 2020

We study the Jimbo – Miwa equation and two of its extended forms, as proposed by Wazwaz et al., using Lie’s group approach. Interestingly, the travelling – wave solutions for all the three equations are similar. Moreover, we obtain certain new reductions which are completely different for each of the three equations. For example, for one of the extended forms of the Jimbo – Miwa equation, the subsequent reductions leads to a second – order equation with Hypergeometric solutions. In certain reductions, we obtain simpler first – order and linearisable second – order equations, which helps us to construct the analytic solution as a closed – form function. The variation in the nonzero Lie brackets for each of the different forms of the Jimbo – Miwa also presents a different perspective. Finally, singularity analysis is applied in order to determine the integrability of the reduced equations and of the different forms of the Jimbo – Miwa equation.
Aqueous extract of dry powder blend of seeds and leaves of Picralima nitida (Stapf) T. & H. Durand reduce pain and inflammation in animal models
Authors: Ajayi Abayomi M. , Alabi Akinyinka O. , Adebesin Adaeze , Ben-Azu Benneth , Umukoro Solomon
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Blend of seeds and leaves of Picralima nitida herein referred to as West African Durand powder (WDP) was investigated for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods

Acute toxic effect of the aqueous extract was evaluated in mice of both sexes. Antinociceptive effect of WDP (100–400 mg/kg) was evaluated in models of acetic acid-induced writhing and thermal nociception on hot plate in mice. Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and air pouch rat models were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract.

Results

WDP (2,000 mg/kg) showed no toxic effect in mice. WDP at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg inhibited abdominal writhings by 59.9, 66.0 and 79.0%, respectively. There was a significant increase in reaction time on the hot plate tests in mice treated with WDP (400 mg/kg). The paw oedema was reduced by WDP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) 5 h post-carrageeenan. Exudate volume was significantly reduced to 39.8 and 44.8% by 200 and 400 mg/kg WDP, respectively. WDP reduced Leucocytes counts (23.3 and 57.1%, respectively) and neutrophil counts (28.1 and 60.0%, as well as reduced nitrites, malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione concentrations in the air pouch.

Conclusions

These results suggest that aqueous extract of blend of seeds and leaves of P. nitida possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties.
Open modeling and exchange (OMEX) metadata specification version 1.0
Authors: Neal Maxwell L. , Gennari John H. , Waltemath Dagmar , Nickerson David P. , König Matthias
Published: July 2020

A standardized approach to annotating computational biomedical models and their associated files can facilitate model reuse and reproducibility among research groups, enhance search and retrieval of models and data, and enable semantic comparisons between models. Motivated by these potential benefits and guided by consensus across the COmputational Modeling in BIology NEtwork (COMBINE) community, we have developed a specification for encoding annotations in Open Modeling and EXchange (OMEX)-formatted archives. Distributing modeling projects within these archives is a best practice established by COMBINE, and the OMEX metadata specification presented here provides a harmonized, community-driven approach for annotating a variety of standardized model and data representation formats within an archive. The specification primarily includes technical guidelines for encoding archive metadata, so that software tools can more easily utilize and exchange it, thereby spurring broad advancements in model reuse, discovery, and semantic analyses.
The Feminist Strike as Threshold
Authors: Gago Verónica , Gutiérrez Aguilar Raquel
Published: July 2020

This is the transcript of a conversation between Verónica Gago and Raquel Gutiérrez Aguilar. The two authors speak of the “constellation” as a methodology for approaching the process of the “feminist strike.” They discuss a kind of mourning-struggle, a feminist embodying, that by placing itself singularly in all places, becomes irreducible to attempts to limit it via localization/dispersion. The authors ask: what happens with struggles that are able to project themselves on a massive scale without losing their minoritarian vector? It is precisely here that the feminist strike emerges as a threshold, which is to say, as an instance of actuality in the direction of a new political technology of social struggle that also generates a change in the “riot” as a political concept.
Navicula dermochelycola sp. nov., presumably an exclusively epizoic diatom on sea turtles Dermochelys coriacea and Lepidochelys olivacea from French Guiana
Authors: Riaux-Gobin Catherine , Witkowski Andrzej , Kociolek John Patrick , Chevallier Damien
Published: July 2020

Epizoic diatom communities were studied on four turtle species (Chelonia mydas L., Eretmochelys imbricata L., Lepidochelys olivacea Eschscholtz and Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli) from the Eastern Caribbean, the Equatorial West Atlantic and the South Pacific. In the present study, we focused on one taxon of Navicula Bory de Saint-Vincent, described here as a new taxon, which was found on seven individuals of Dermochelys coriacea and one individual of Lepidochelys olivacea in French Guiana. The new Navicula taxon was found neither on Chelonia mydas (83 specimens examined) nor Eretmochelys imbricata (13 specimens examined). Furthermore, the new taxon appears to have a restricted biogeography, as so far it has only been reported from French Guiana. A species of Navicula is reported for the first time as a supposedly exclusive epizoic taxon. Navicula dermochelycola sp. nov. is characterized in detail; its ultrastructure is described and compared with other members of Navicula.
Biological management of allelopathic plantPartheniumsp.
Authors: Dukpa Rinzim , Tiwari Anupam , Kapoor Dhriti
Published: July 2020

Globally, weeds have been considered as a major threat and act as a hindrance to crop production, even though the farmers put tremendous efforts to eliminate the weeds to get a better yield. Weeds stayed a steady threat to productivity and manageability of soil and environment, regardless of many years of research and advances in management practices.Parthenium hysterophorusis widely studied all around the world including India as a noxious and an unsafe weed responsible for many health risks in humans and animals. Many experts employed different biological methods using insects, beetle, microorganisms, and certain pathogens, which caused a broad dispersal damage toP. hysterophorus.Biorational weed control is also offered by allelopathy through the production of allelochemicals from the leaf, blossoms, grains, nuts, bud, berry, trunk, and organization of living or decaying plant substance. Allelopathy is the most realistic method to control the weeds as well as different plants. Lately, there has been a proliferation of curiosity to research on plant allelopathy to control weeds in agro-ecosystems. The successful management of this weed can only be achieved by an integrated approach with allelochemicals as a crucial aspect.
Effects of ethanol content on the properties of silicone rubber foam
Authors: Tan Yu , Yao Jin , Zhu He-Ping
Published: July 2020

In this study, silicone rubber foam (SF) was prepared through cross-linking and foaming. The effects of ethanol content on the SF were investigated in terms of the physical properties, static cushioning properties, dynamic thermomechanical properties, and dynamic fatigue properties. The cell structure was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and its relationship with the SF properties was analyzed. With increasing ethanol content, the cell diameter increases gradually and its uniformity deteriorates. Moreover, the density, tensile strength, and elongation at breaking of the SF samples gradually decrease. In addition, with the increase of strain and stress, the cushioning coefficient of SF decreases initially and then increases, and the fatigue times worsens with increasing ethanol content. However, fatigue process has little effect on the cushioning performance of SF, which means the SF can be used as reusable packaging materials and thereby reduce environmental pollution.
Studies on volatilization behavior of RuO4 from nitric acid medium
Authors: Sinharoy Prithwish , Dubey Vibha P. , Banerjee Dayamoy , Manohar Smitha , Kaushik Chetan P.
Published: July 2020

This paper reports volatilization behavior of RuO4 from nitric acid medium using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Ruthenium (III) solution was oxidized to Ru (VIII) using potassium metaperiodate. The absorption peak of RuO4 at 385 nm was used to measure Ru(VIII) concentration in solution. The volatilization kinetics has been studied at different temperature and used to derive rate constant and activation energy values. Almost 82% Ruthenium (VIII) has been volatilized from nitric acid medium at 70 °C whereas it is only 15% at 25 °C. Effect of different parameters like temperature, potassium metaperiodate concentration and nitric acid concentration on volatilization has been studied in depth and reported in this paper.
Photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide with cuprous oxide film under UV-vis irradiation
Authors: Wang Yao , Feng Jianqing , Jin Lihua , Li Chengshan
Published: July 2020

We have grown Cu2O films by different routes including self-oxidation and metal-organic deposition (MOD). The reduction efficiency of Cu2O films on graphene oxide (GO) synthesized by modified Hummer’s method has been studied. Surface morphology and chemical state of as-prepared Cu2O film and GO sheets reduced at different conditions have also been investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results show that self-oxidation Cu2O film is more effective on phtocatalytic reduction of GO than MOD-Cu2O film. Moreover, reduction effect of self-oxidation Cu2O film to GO is comparable to that of environmental-friendly reducing agent of vitamin C. The present results offer a potentially eco-friendly and low-cost approach for the manufacture of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by photocatalytic reduction.
An overview on the effects of metal promoters and acidity of ZSM-5 in performance of the aromatization of liquid hydrocarbons
Authors: Sharifi Khashayar , Halladj Rouein , Royaee Seyed Javid
Published: July 2020

The use of liquid hydrocarbons, such as FCC naphtha, having olefin components makes an adverse impact on our environment. To deal with the problem, one could convert those lethal components, including olefin and paraffin structures, into aromatic compounds under aromatization processes. To this aim, generally zeolite catalysts, especially the ZSM-5 sample, are utilized to facilitate the aromatization processes. According to the general knowledge in this field, such parameters as the metal promoter and the amount of acidity of catalyst affect the performance of zeolite catalysts. In this paper, with the aim of getting acquainted with the conditions to form the desirable products under the best performance of the zeolites, numerous published papers were reviewed.
Recent progress on removal of indoor air pollutants by catalytic oxidation
Authors: Zhao Guoqing , Zou Jiao , Zhang Taiheng , Li Caifeng , Zhou Shu , Jiao Feipeng
Published: July 2020

Indoor air pollutant is a serious problem due to its wide diversity and variability. The harmful substances from construction materials and decorative materials may make the indoor air pollution become more and more serious and cause serious health problems. In this paper, the review summarizes the advanced technologies for the removal of indoor air pollutants and the development in the treatment of indoor air pollution by catalytic oxidation technologies. Meanwhile, some catalytic oxidation mechanisms of indoor air pollutants are proposed in detail, and suggestions for the indoor air pollution treatment are also presented, in order to provide some reference for subsequent research.
Accounting for informative sampling in estimation of associations between sexually transmitted infections and hormonal contraceptive methods
Authors: Mishra Anu , Bůžková Petra , Balkus Jennifer E. , Brown Elizabeth R.
Published: July 2020

The relationship between hormonal contraceptive method use and sexually transmitted infections is not well understood. Studies that implement routine screening for STIs among different contraceptive users, such as the ASPIRE HIV-1 prevention trial, can be useful for identifying potential risk factors of STIs. However, the complex nature of non-random data can lead to challenges in estimation of associations for potential risk factors. In particular, if screening for the disease is not random (i. e. it is driven by symptoms or other clinical indicators), estimates of association can suffer from bias, often referred to as informative sampling bias. Time-varying predictors and potential stratification variables can further contribute to difficulty in obtaining unbiased estimates. In this paper, we estimate the association between time- varying contraceptive use and Sexually transmitted infections acquisition, in the presence of informative sampling, by extending the work Buzkova (2010). We use a two-step procedure to jointly model the non-random screening process and sexually transmitted infection risk. In the first step, inverse intensity rate ratios (IIRR) weights are estimated. In the second step, a weighted proportional rate model is fit to estimate the IIRR weighted hazard ratio. We apply the method to evaluate the relationship between hormonal contraception and risk of sexually transmitted infections among women participating in a biomedical HIV-1 prevention trial. We compare our results using the proposed weighted method to those generated using conventional approaches that do not account for potential informative sampling bias or do not use the full potential of the data. Using the IIRR weighted approach we found depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users have a significantly decreased hazard of Trichomonas vaginalis acquisition compared to IUD users (hazard ratio: 0.44, 95% CI: (0.25, 0.83)), which is consistent with the literature. We did not find significant increased or decreased hazard of other STIs for hormonal contraceptive users compared to non-hormonal IUD users.
Morphology and crystallization kinetics of Rubber-modified Nylon 6 Prepared by Anionic In-situ Polymerization
Authors: Zhao Hongkai , Zhang Dengchao , Li Yingshuang
Published: July 2020

In this work, we modified nylon 6 with liquid rubber by in-situ polymerization. The infrared analysis suggested that HDI urea diketone is successfully blocked by caprolactam after grafting on hydroxyl of HTPB, and the rubber-modified nylon copolymer is generated by the anionic polymerization. The impact section analysis indicated the rubber-modified nylon 6 resin exhibited an alpha crystal form.With an increase in the rubber content, nylon 6 was more likely to generate stable α crystal. Avrami equation was a good description of the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon-6 and rubber-modified nylon-6 resin. Moreover, it is found that the initial crystallization temperature of nylon-6 chain segment decreased due to the flexible rubber chain segment. n value of rubber-modified nylon-6 indicated that its growth was the coexistence of two-dimensional discoid and three-dimensional spherulite growth. Finally, the addition of the rubber accelerated the crystallization rate of nylon 6.
Virtual laboratories as a tool to support learning
Authors: Herráez Angel
Published: July 2020

When university instructors face the need to train students on an experimental science, it means there should be a strong load of learning how to work in a laboratory, to understand the techniques, and to interpret results. However, it is often the case that there are difficulties associated e.g. to the lack of laboratory space, instrumentation or time in the course schedule. This article presents some guidance that may help in choosing, designing and particularly implementing practices around virtual laboratories and other simulations of experimental environments and techniques. The objectives are to provide a more active and significant learning, by engaging students in the process, to support and facilitate the practical sessions and, in cases where real experiments are not feasible, to provide some alternative exposure of the students to the laboratory work.
Evaluation of midwifery students’ learning approaches to the compulsory biochemistry course
Authors: Kosova Funda , Çelik Nurcan , Şimşek Hanife Nurseven , Cambaz Ulaş Seval
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Learning approach in a certain learning process is based on the student’s intentions, behaviors, and habits according to his/her perceptions of the task of learning and determines the amount and quality of learning. The objective of this study is to evaluate the learning approaches of 1st and 4th grade midwifery students to biochemistry course and the change, if there is any, through their education.

Methods

This is an observational, cross-sectional study. The research population consisted of the voluntary students (86.47%, n:147) of the 2017–2018 season of the 1st and 4th class of Manisa Celal Bayar University, Health Science Faculty, Midwifery Department (n:170). Data were collected by using the “Introductory Information Form” and the “Learning Approach Scale”, and evaluated in the SPSS package program by performing number, percentile, mean, standard deviation, independent t test.

Results

The mean age of the students was 20.82 ± 1.81. Over 95% of the students stated that biochemistry lesson was necessary, while 59.9% reported that their biochemistry knowledge was insufficient. Over 87% of the student expressed their belief that the content of the biochemistry classes will help them in their professional career. Mean score of deep approach for Learning Approach Scale was 34.13 ± 6.07 (Min:19.00–Max:50.00), and mean score of superficial approach for Learning Approach Scale was 26.94 ± 6.37 (Min:15.00–Max:50.00). There was a significant relation between deep approach scale score and the perception of high importance of biochemistry in the professional life (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Midwifery students, who believe that biochemistry is necessary for their professional career have a higher motivation for learning biochemistry, thus perform a deeper approach to learning. In general, creating effective and dynamic educational environments that support deep learning is necessary for enhancing the learning of biochemistry.
Numerical study on the rotating electro-osmotic flow of third grade fluid with slip boundary condition
Authors: Song Juan , Wang Shaowei , Zhao Moli , Li Ning
Published: July 2020

Considering the slip boundary condition, the rotating electro-osmotic flow of a third grade fluid in a channel formed by two parallel plates is investigated in the present study. The charge distribution is treated with the Debye–Hückel approximation analytically. Based on the finite difference method, the velocity profile for rotating electro-osmotic flow of third grade fluid is obtained numerically. It is shown that the non-Newtonian parameter of third grade fluid and the velocity slip factor play the important roles for the rotating electro-osmotic flow. The increasing non-Newtonian parameter slows down the flow and decreases the velocity magnitude, and the increasing slip parameterβhas the similar influence on the velocity profile. Furthermore, the effect of the inclusion of third grade on the velocity profile is more conspicuous in the area near the walls.
A modified simple chaotic hyperjerk circuit: coexisting bubbles of bifurcation and mixed-mode bursting oscillations
Authors: Leutcho Gervais Dolvis , Kengne Jacques , Ngoumkam Negou Alexis , Fonzin Fozin Theophile , Pham Viet-Thanh , Jafari Sajad
Published: July 2020

A relatively simple chaotic hyperjerk circuit, which is the modified chaotic hyperjerk system [Dalkiran and Sprott, IJBC 2016] is proposed and investigated in this paper. Only one semiconductor diode modelled the nonlinear function capable of rich and complex dynamical behaviours of the system. We investigate a new kind of behaviours name “bubbles of bifurcation’’ (referred as BsB hereafter) observed here for the first time in the hyperjerk system. An interesting phenomenon of mixed-mode bursting oscillations (MMBOs) is also investigated. The complex dynamics of the novel oscillator (such as MMBOs, BsB, offset boosting and multistability) with respect to its parameters and initial conditions are uncovered using bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents (LE) and phase portraits. As another interesting property of this circuit, some parameter regions are determined for the existence of coexisting BsB and the coexistence of asymmetric mixed-mode bursting oscillations. Let us emphasized that the complex phenomena observed in this work is very rare in the literature and henceforth merit dissemination. Finally, a physical circuit is constructed to demonstrate some experimental observation of MMBOs.
Zur Regulierung dezentraler Sekundärmärkte
Authors: Fischer Marius
Published: July 2020

Die Anwendung dezentraler Technologien ist nicht mehr nur auf Primärmärkte, also die erstmalige Platzierung von Tokens beschränkt, sondern dringt zunehmend auch in die Marktinfrastruktur der Sekundärmärkte vor. Aus regulatorischer Sicht stellt sich nun die Frage, ob diese dezentralen Elemente zu isolieren oder in die Regulierung zu integrieren sind. Zu diesem Zweck beleuchtet der vorliegende Artikel verschiedene Ansätze zum Handel mit Security Tokens und untersucht Probleme, die sich bei Anwendung der Regulierung nach MiFID II/MiFIR ergeben.
Aktuelle Fragen zur Kalkulation und Disposition von Ratensparverträgen unter Berücksichtigung des regulatorischen Umfelds
Authors: Beck Andreas , Bleses Christoph
Published: July 2020

Viele Banken und Sparkassen haben mit ihren Kunden klassische Ratensparverträge mit Prämien- oder Bonuszinsstaffeln abgeschlossen. Diese Bankprodukte sind aktuell Gegenstand verschiedener juristischer Auseinandersetzungen. Für bestimmte Vertragsausgestaltungen wurden die enthaltenen Zinsanpassungsklauseln als unwirksam eingestuft, was die Frage aufwirft, wie die dadurch entstandene Regelungslücke zu schließen sein sollte. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt ist hierbei, ob die Produktzinsanpassung an den Referenzzins relativ oder absolut erfolgen sollte. Der Beitrag untersucht diese und andere Fragestellungen im Zusammenhang mit der Nachberechnung von Ratensparverträgen vor dem Hintergrund der wissenschaftlich anerkannten und in der Bankpraxis flächendeckend etablierten sog. Marktzinsmethode.
UNIVERSE WITH HOLOGRAPHIC DARK ENERGY
Authors: Rodriguez-Benites Carlos , Cataldo Mauricio , Vásquez-Arteaga Marcial
Published: July 2020

In this work we explore a Holographic Dark Energy Model in a flat Friedmann-LemaÎtre-Robertson-Walker Universe, which contains baryons, radiation, cold dark matter and dark energy within the framework of General Relativity. Furthermore, we consider three types of phenomenological interactions in the dark sector. With the proposed model we obtained the algebraic expressions for the cosmological parameters of our interest: the deceleration and coincidence parameters. Likewise, we graphically compare the proposed model with the ΛCDM model.
Supplemental Feeding as Preventive Measure for Overweight and Obesity in Children With Regard to the Concept of First 1000 Days
Authors: Belyaeva Irina A. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Turti Tatiana V.
Published: July 2020

The article contains the analysis of optimal patterns of supplemental feeding in infants from the point of view of the concept of the First 1000 days and the possibility of fat metabolism disorders prevention. The correlation between the early supplemental feeding (before 4 months of age) with the risk of obesity is noted mainly in socially deprived families with premature termination of breastfeeding. If supplemental feeding was sustained until 5–6 months of age as well as breastfeeding, the risk of metabolic disorder development was minimal. The time and procedure for implementation of supplemental feeding according to the formula «nutrition under the control of the child» is discussed. Specific attention was paid to the excess sugar content in nutritional support for infants as the factor associated with the development of obesity in children and adolescents.
Juvenile Localized Scleroderma. Questions of Treatment
Authors: Raupov Rinat K. , Kostik Mikhail M.
Published: July 2020

Juvenile localized scleroderma (JLS) is a group of childhood diseases with the main symptom — skin and subcutaneous structures lesions, without any organ involvement. There is active (inflammatory) and fibrotic phase in development of JLS. The JLS treatment during active phase (when skin lesions are reversible) is the most effective. The management is determined by the area and depth of skin lesions, appearance and spread of new lesions, presence of extracutaneous signs of the disease. Topical and systemic immunosuppressants are the basic therapy for JLS. The use of antibiotics is not suggested. Clinical scores (LoSCAT), ultrasound, thermography and magnetic resonance imaging are recommended to estimate the treatment efficacy.
Multi-criteria assessment of territorial planning alternatives using geographic information system technologies for dam construction
Authors: Rodriguez Vazquez , Mokrova Nataliya
Published: July 2020

Territorial planning when selecting catchment areas is necessary for increase the availability of water resources. However, changes in land use sometimes occur without taking into account the characteristics of the territory, which can lead to an impact on the environment. Given the multipurpose use, large-scale projects with of private interests, the task becomes more urgent, and there is no related data, there is a mutual influence of infrastructure which necessary for the proper planning and design of hydraulic structures. Identifying suitable areas for certain methods of collecting and retaining water using advanced methods in Geomatics remains one of the important goals of this investigation and the author's dissertation research. This study focuses on the analysis of models and multi-criteria analysis methods used in making decisions about the localization of areas for dam construction that are based with geographic information systems. The author analyzes the paradigms of rationality proposed for making complex decisions, and sets the framework according to which theoretical developments of multi-criteria analysis can provide greater practical significance. The author critically analyzes various approaches and theoretical studies of the subject under consideration. Based on the study, it was concluded that the combination of "multi-criteria analysis method – geoinformation system" has the potential to provide a rational, objective and unbiased approach to decision-making when identifying potential areas when planning the construction of hydraulic structures, as well as the need for an integration component that will speed up decision-making when localizing potential areas, taking into account the main factors, including environmental and social ones.
Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Bevacizumab with Modified FOLFOX7 in Patients with Stage II and III Rectal Cancer
Authors: Barzi Afsaneh , Choi April , Tsao-Wei Denice , Iqbal Syma , El-Khoueiry Anthony , Agafitei Dana Raluca , Cologne Kyle G , Lenz Heinz-Josef
Published: July 2020

Lessons Learned

Neoadjuvant bevacizumab with modified FOLFOX7 without radiation failed to meet the goal of pathological complete response rate; however, the low number of recurrence and disease-free survival in this population, with predominantly stage III, is encouraging and worth further exploration. The racial distribution of the patient population, as well as a wait time of more than 4 weeks after last chemotherapy, may have contributed to the findings.

Background

Combination chemotherapy in lieu of radiation in rectal adenocarcinoma is under exploration in multiple trials. We evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant FOLFOX + bevacizumab in patients (pts) with clinical stage II and III disease.

Methods

Pts received six cycles of bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) and modified FOLFOX7 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, leucovorin 20 mg/m2, and fluorouracil [5-FU] 2,400 mg/m2). Surgical resection was performed 6–8 weeks after completion of treatment and upon confirmation of nonmetastatic disease. We employed a Simon two-stage design and required three pathological complete responses (pCR) in the first 18 pts, with a prespecified pCR rate of 25% before moving to the next stage.

Results

Seventeen pts enrolled; 65% at stage III. Median age was 57 (35–79), 65% were male, 47% were Hispanic, 35% were white, and 18% were Asian. All pts but one completed six cycles of therapy. One pCR was observed (6%), and 11 of 17 (65%) pts had pathological downstaging. One patient experienced systemic recurrence and remains on treatment. Probability of disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years is 0.94 (SE, 0.06).

Conclusion

The study failed to meet the required three pCRs in the first 18 pts. The DFS in this population is encouraging and supports the hypothesis that select pts with rectal cancer may be spared from radiation.
Wood ash filter to remove contaminants from rainwater destined for poultry farming
Authors: Schimitz Rainer Alberto , Meneghini Cristiano , De Oliveira Leonardo Henrique
Published: July 2020

Water availability and quality directly affect poultry farming since it is used for both animal consumption and equipment. Rainwater collected and stored on the property is an alternative to ensure better use of water re-sources. However, to obtain potable water for animal consumption, the raw water must first be treated. As such, this study aimed to assess the use of a wood ash filter to remove contaminants from rainwater. The ash comes from wood burned as fuel in industrial boilers to generate steam. The pilot filter was designed using wood ash, sand and crushed stone, the last two with particle sizes between 0.42 and 2.00 mm and 6.30 and 16.00 mm, respectively. The rainwater used was collected directly from the roof of an aviary on a property in western Santa Catarina state. Analyses indicated that the proposed filtering system resulted in average reductions of 86% in turbidity, over 95% in apparent color, 86% in total coliforms and 90% in Escherichia coli. The inability to remove nitrates disqualifies wood ash as a means of filtering rainwater for use in animal feed.
A Systematic Review of Milk Fistula in Nursing Mothers: Modifying the Perspective Toward Maintenance of Breastfeeding
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Dinas Konstantinos
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Milk fistula is rare, and cessation of nursing has been recommended for treatment. We performed a comprehensive review of all existing literature to explore the causes of milk fistulae and the necessity of discontinuing breastfeeding, and mention our recommendations given our present practice.

Method

Google Scholar, Pubmed, Ovid Medline, and Scopus were thoroughly investigated by using relevant keywords. After screening by reading titles, abstracts, and full texts of returned studies, pertinent articles were included and data extracted.

Results

Seventeen studies including 27 cases were included. Lactation ceased in 16 patients, but this was generally done without awaiting results of conservative management.

Conclusion

We recommend measures for preventing milk fistulae, conservative measures for treatment, and continuation of breastfeeding throughout the process until healing occurs.
Pengasuhan Anak Oleh Ibu Usia Remaja
Authors: Rahayu Kristanti Sulistyo , Basoeki Lestari
Published: July 2020

Pengasuhan merupakan kegiatan yang kompleks dimana terdapat penerapan pola dukungan dan kontrol. Pengasuhan ini berbeda-beda pada orangtua yang satu dengan lainnya dan akan mempengaruhi perilaku anak. Pengasuhan merupakan proses yang sulit bagi ibu usia remaja karena masih dalam usia perkembangan dan harus menuntaskan tugas-tugas masa perkembangannya, disamping berperan sebagai orangtua. Salah satu penyebab remaja berperan sebagai orangtua dikarenakan kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan. Selain itu akibat kehamilannya remaja menjadi putus sekolah, sulit mendapatkan pekerjaan yang mengakibatkan kemiskinan dan bergantung pada dukungan sosial. Dalam situasi seperti ini diperlukan dukungan dari berbagai sektor masyarakat yang mendukung ibu usia remaja mengasuh anaknya.
A Novel Optimization Algorithm to Create Perennial Calendar System based on Gregorian and International Fixed Calendards
Authors: El-Bayeh Claude
Published: July 2020

Has anyone ever missed an event because he was confused in days and dates? Do we remember the date of any day without looking at a calendar? Is the current Gregorian Calendar efficient enough for use, and does it facilitate our life or make it more complicated? Have you ever thought about a much simpler way to calculate days and dates in a year? All these questions are answered in this paper, in which the author proposes original optimization algorithm that creates optimal perennial calendars. Results show that there is more than one way to create a perennial calendar, in which the number of days in each month does not change, neither the dates. Hence, all months have the same sequence of days and dates. In other meaning, Monday becomes the first day of every month, and Sunday becomes the last day. Consequently, the calendars become much easier to memorize and very simple to predict the days and dates in any year.
Renewable Energy Green Innovation, Fossil Energy Consumption and Air Pollution--- Spatial Empirical Analysis Based on China
Authors: Shen Neng , Peng Hui , Wang Yifan
Published: July 2020

The rapid development of China's economy has led to a rapid increase in energy production and use. Among them, the excessive consumption of coal in fossil energy consumption is the leading cause of air pollution in China. This paper incorporates renewable energy innovation, fossil energy consumption and air pollution into a unified analysis framework, and uses spatial measurement models to investigate the spatial effects of renewable energy green innovation and fossil energy consumption on air pollution in China, and decomposes the total impact into direct and indirect effects. influences. The empirical results show that China's air pollution, renewable energy green innovation and fossil energy consumption are extremely uneven in geographical space, generally showing the characteristics of high in the east and low in the west, and showing a strong spatial aggregation phenomenon. Fossil energy consumption will lead to increased air pollution, and the replacement of fossil fuels with clean and renewable energy is an important means of controlling pollution emissions. The direct and indirect effects of renewable energy green innovation on air pollution are significantly negative, indicating that renewable energy green innovation not only suppresses local air pollution, but also suppresses air pollution in neighboring areas. The consumption of fossil energy will significantly increase the local air pollution, and the impact on the SO2 and Dust&Smoke pollution in the adjacent area is not very obvious. It is recommended to strengthen investment in renewable energy green innovation, reduce the proportion of traditional fossil energy consumption, and pay attention to the spatial connection and spillover of renewable energy green innovation.
Evaluation of Shrimp Waste Valorization Combining Computer Aided Simulation and Numerical Descriptive Inherent Safety Technique (NuDIST)
Authors: Zuorro Antonio , Cassiani-Cassiani Daylisney , Meza-González Demmy A. , Moreno-Sader Kariana Andrea , González-Delgado Ángel Darío
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, inherently safer designs are considered as key priorities to prevent or mitigate serious incidents with devastating consequences. The need for process safety assessment during early design phases has motivated the development of several contributions related to computer-aided assessment methodologies in order to measure the inherent safety of chemical processes. In this work, the large-scale production of chitosan from shrimp wastes was evaluated from process safety point of view using the numerical descriptive inherent safety technique (NuDIST).To this end, simulation of the chitosan production was performed using Aspen Plus ® to obtain extended mass and energy balances. The assessment of all the chemicals involved within the process was carried out for the following safety parameters: explosivity (EXP), flammability (FL) and toxicity (TOX). The safety assessment of the process included the parameters of temperature (T), pressure (P) and heat of reaction (HR). The maximum chemical safety score was estimated in 171.01 with ethanol as main contributor to the parameter of explosivity and flammability. The score associated with operating data was calculated in 209.30 and heat of reaction reported to be the most affecting parameter. The NuDIST score was estimated in 380.30. This NuDIST value revealed the low hazards associated with the handling of substances such as shrimp wastes, chitosan and water, as well as the non-extreme temperature and pressure conditions. In general, the large-scale production of chitosan from shrimp shells showed to be an inherently safe alternative of waste valorization.