bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Multiple-Access Correlation-Delay-Shift-Keying
Authors: Duan J. Y. , Jiang G. P. , Yang H.
Published: March 2017

In Correlation-Delay-Shift-Keying (CDSK), the reference signal and the information-bearing signal are added together during a certain time delay. Because the reference signal is not strictly orthogonal to the information-bearing signal, the cross-correlation between the adjacent chaotic signal (Intra-signal Interference, ISI) will be introduced into the demodulation at the receiver. Therefore, the Bit-Error Ratio (BER) of CDSK is higher than that of Differential-Chaos-Shift-Keying (DCSK). To avoid the ISI component and enhance the BER performance of CDSK in multiuser scenario, Multiple-Access CDSK with No Intra-signal Interference (MA-CDSK-NII) is proposed. By constructing the repeated chaotic generator and applying the Walsh code sequence to modulate the reference signal, in MA-CDSK-NII, the ISI component will be eliminated during the demodulation. Gaussian approximation method is adopted here to obtain the exact performance analysis of MA-CDSK-NII over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and Rayleigh multipath fading channels. Results show that, due to no ISI component and lower transmitting power, the BER performance of MA-CDSK-NII can be better than that of multiple-access CDSK and Code-Shifted Differential-Chaos-Shift-Keying (CS-DCSK).
A Garside-theoretic analysis of the Burau representations
Authors: Calvez Matthieu , Ito Tetsuya
Published: March 2017

We establish relations between both the classical and the dual Garside structures of the braid group and the Burau representation. Using the classical structure, we formulate a non-vanishing criterion for the Burau representation of the 4-strand braid group. In the dual context, it is shown that the Burau representation for arbitrary braid index is injective when restricted to the set of simply-nested braids.
On definable Galois groups and the strong canonical base property
Authors: Palacín Daniel , Pillay Anand
Published: March 2017

In [E. Hrushovski, D. Palacín and A. Pillay, On the canonical base property, Selecta Math. (N.S.) 19(4) (2013) 865–877], Hrushovski and the authors proved, in a certain finite rank environment, that rigidity of definable Galois groups implies that [Formula: see text] has the canonical base property in a strong form; “internality to” being replaced by “algebraicity in”. In the current paper, we give a reasonably robust definition of the “strong canonical base property” in a rather more general finite rank context than [E. Hrushovski, D. Palacín and A. Pillay, On the canonical base property, Selecta Math. (N.S.) 19(4) (2013) 865–877], and prove its equivalence with rigidity of the relevant definable Galois groups. The new direction is an elaboration on the old result that [Formula: see text]-based groups are rigid.
Robust patch-based sparse representation for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Yuan Haoliang
Published: March 2017

Sparse representation classification (SRC) has been successfully applied into hyperspectral image (HSI). A test sample (pixel) can be linearly represented by a few training samples of the training set. The class label of the test sample is then decided by the reconstruction residuals. To incorporate the spatial information to improve the classification performance, a patch matrix, which includes a spatial neighborhood set, is used to replace the original pixel. Generally, the objective function of the reconstruction residuals is represented as Frobenius-norm, which actually treats the elements in the reconstruction residuals in the same way. However, when a patch locates in the image edge, the samples in the patch may belong to different classes. Frobenius-norm is not suitable to compute the reconstruction residuals. In this paper, we propose a robust patch-based sparse representation classification (RPSRC) based on [Formula: see text]-norm. An iteration algorithm is given to compute RPSRC efficiently. Extensive experimental results on two real-life HSI datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of RPSRC.
Energy Efficient and Robust Balancing with Motion Primitive Switching
Authors: Apostolopoulos Sotiris , Leibold Marion , Buss Martin
Published: March 2017

Balancing motions are usually designed using simplified models of the Center of Mass (CoM) and feedback control without accounting for energy efficiency. In order to tackle this shortcoming, we introduce a Motion Primitive switching methodology where samples of optimal motions (Motion Primitives) are chosen online based on a Euclidean distance metric. The chosen sample is used to provide reference trajectories, torques and ground reaction forces to be tracked. In order to satisfy all of the modeling assumptions while tracking the reference values, a Quadratic Program (QP) is solved online where the dynamics of the robot, friction, Center of Pressure and torque bounds are treated as constraints. Convergence to the desired trajectories is dictated by a Control Lyapunov Function constraint which is introduced in the QP. The methodology is evaluated on a four-link simulated robot where we show that switching between Motion Primitives provides energy efficient balancing motions for different disturbance situations. At the same time the methodology provides more efficient motions for different disturbance forces when compared to a nonswitching approach, where a Motion Primitive is chosen only once at the beginning.
Reconstruction of cosmic history from a simple parametrization of H
Authors: Pacif Shibesh Kumar Jas , Myrzakulov Ratbay , Myrzakul Shynaray
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we propose a simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter (HP) [Formula: see text] in order to explain the late-time cosmic acceleration. We show that our proposal covers many models obtained in different schemes of parametrization under one umbrella. We demonstrate that a simple modification in the functional form of HP can give rise to interesting cosmological phenomena such as big rip singularity, bounce and others. We have also constrained the model parameters using the latest 28 points of [Formula: see text] data for three cases which admit transition from deceleration to acceleration.
Modeling Concrete Material Structure: A Two-Phase Meso Finite Element Model
Authors: Bonifaz E. A. , Baus Juan , Lantsoght Eva O. L.
Published: March 2017

Concrete is a compound material where aggregates are randomly placed within the cement paste. To describe the behavior of concrete structures at the ultimate, it is necessary to use nonlinear finite element models, which for shear and torsion problems do not always give satisfactory results. The current study aims at improving the modeling of concrete at the meso-level, which eventually can result in an improved assessment of existing structures. Concrete as a heterogeneous material is modeled consisting of hydrated cement paste and aggregates. The stress–strain curves of the hydrated cement paste and aggregates are described with results from the literature. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model was developed to determine the influence of individual phases on the inelastic stress–strain distribution of concrete structures. A random distribution and morphology of the cement and aggregate fractions are achieved by using DREAM.3D. Two affordable computational dual-phase representative volume elements (RVEs) are imported to ABAQUS to be studied in compression and tension. The virtual specimens (concrete mesh) subjected to continuous monotonic strain loading conditions were constrained with 3D boundary conditions. Results demonstrate differences in stress–strain mechanical behavior in both compression and tension test simulations. A strong dependency of flow stress and plastic strain on phase type, aggregate (andesite) size, shape and distribution upon the composite local response are clearly observed. It is noted that the resistance to flow is higher in concrete meshes composed of finer and homogeneous aggregate particles because the Misses stresses and effective plastic strains are better distributed. This study shows that at the meso-level, concrete can be modeled consisting of aggregates and hydrated cement paste.
Viscoelasticity of amyloid plaques in transgenic mouse brain studied by Brillouin microspectroscopy and correlative Raman analysis
Authors: Mattana Sara , Caponi Silvia , Tamagnini Francesco , Fioretto Daniele , Palombo Francesca
Published: March 2017

Amyloidopathy is one of the most prominent hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain parenchyma. The plaques consist of abnormal deposits mainly composed of an aggregation-prone protein fragment, [Formula: see text]-amyloid 1-40/1-42, into the extracellular matrix. Brillouin microspectroscopy is an all-optical contactless technique that is based on the interaction between visible light and longitudinal acoustic waves or phonons, giving access to the viscoelasticity of a sample on a subcellular scale. Here, we describe the first application of micromechanical mapping based on Brillouin scattering spectroscopy to probe the stiffness of individual amyloid plaques in the hippocampal part of the brain of a [Formula: see text]-amyloid overexpressing transgenic mouse. Correlative analysis based on Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy showed that amyloid plaques have a complex structure with a rigid core of [Formula: see text]-pleated sheet conformation ([Formula: see text]-amyloid) protein surrounded by a softer ring-shaped region richer in lipids and other protein conformations. These preliminary results give a new insight into the plaque biophysics and biomechanics, and a valuable contrast mechanism for the study and diagnosis of amyloidopathy.
Lanthanide ions-doped SrMoO4 microcrystals: Synthesis, characterizations, luminescence, and detection of Fe3+ ions
Authors: Wang Liyong , Han Yuanyuan , Wang Nan , Wang Shiqi , Liang Danyang , Wang Dan , Lu Guoxin , Jia Guang
Published: March 2017

A facile and green synthetic method for the synthesis of a Ln[Formula: see text](Eu, Tb)-doped SrMoO4 (SMO) microcrystals were developed using an environment-friendly low temperature hydrothermal method assisting with phenol formaldehyde resin (PFr). The microcrystals show narrow distribution and uniform particle size, and strong red and green emissions from Eu[Formula: see text] and Tb[Formula: see text] ions, and it is selectively quenched upon addition Fe[Formula: see text] ions, thus making the microcrystals as a potential Fe[Formula: see text] ions sensing material, and the detection limit is nearly micromole level.
Facile synthesis of novel Roe-like TiO2 hollow nanospheres with mesoporous cavity for improved photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhu Yan , Yan Xiaoxia , Ge Yuanxin , Wang Shumin , Deng Dongmei , He Haibo , Luo Liqiang
Published: March 2017

A facile approach was developed to synthesize novel Roe-like TiO2 hollow nanospheres via a template-assisted self-assembly process. These TiO2 nanospheres possessing mesoporous cavity manifest significantly improved photocatalytic activity owing to the synergistic effects of increased charge separation, more efficient use of the light and specific surface area.
Template-assisted synthesis of 3D ordered macroporous structured CuO as catalyst for ammonium perchlorate
Authors: Ke Xiang , Zhou Xiang , Hao Gazi , Xiao Lei , Gao Han , Chen Teng , Jiang Wei
Published: March 2017

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) CuO is prepared by colloidal crystal templated method. The obtained 3DOM structure with about 230[Formula: see text]nm pore diameter is composed of small CuO windows. The special structured CuO is used as a catalyst for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and its catalytic activity is measured by simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) techniques. Test results show that thermal decomposition performance is significantly improved after adding 2[Formula: see text]wt.% 3DOM CuO.
Sustainability Transitions: Exploring Risk Management and the Future of Adaptation in the Megacity of Lagos
Authors: Ajibade Idowu , Pelling Mark , Agboola Julius , Garschagen Matthias
Published: March 2017

Lagos, a coastal megacity with more than 11 million inhabitants faces serious development challenges in addition to climatic risks and extreme weather events. There are uncertainties about future disaster risk trends and about how to manage and adapt to existing threats in ways that ensure a just and sustainable development trajectory. In this paper, we explore the changes that have occurred in risk management in Lagos over the last 20 years, as part of a broader endeavor towards sustainability. We draw on transition theory to analyze data collected from a scenario workshop and expert interviews conducted over a period of two years, to understand the influences, processes and actors that shape the adaptation-development nexus in Lagos. Findings based on stakeholders voices present a risk management regime firmly oriented towards protecting contemporary development gains and policies, despite Nigeria’s contested development strategy. Future positioning of risk management is described as either maintaining its current goals or shifting towards a position where development is seen as a root cause of risk and a focus for change. Resilience (marginal changes in development to maintain stability) is not foreseen as a likely future choice for Lagos. This is in contrast to many global agendas that promote resilience and reflects the realities of managing risks in the context of contested development.
Does Water Governance Matter?
Authors: Bromley Daniel W. , Anderson Glen
Published: March 2017

We develop a series of diagnostic models covering 82 of the world’s poorest countries over the period 1991–2015. Our purpose is to assess several important attributes of water governance in these developing countries. Specifically: (1) do water-related public services make important contributions to per capita GDP and general livelihood prospects? (2) what factors seem to explain the quite different national commitments to the provision of water-related public services? and (3) do observed variations in water-related public services provide evidence of governance quality? Our diagnostic models suggest that water-related public services indeed contribute to per capita GDP and to improved public health outcomes across these developing countries. We then derive a variable capturing fiscal effort in the provision of quasi-public services — the availability of improved water supply and sanitation services — controlling for variations in national ability to pay (per capita GDP). We call this commitment an index of instrumental governance. With this index of instrumental governance, we conclude that water governance offers an important measure of a proxy for the civic commitment of governments in the world’s poorest nations. We conclude that an important aspect of “governance” is captured by the extent to which governments make difficult financial commitments that will improve per capita GDP and general livelihood prospects of their citizens.
3D Catheter Shape Reconstruction Using Electromagnetic and Image Sensors
Authors: Tran Phuong Toan , Chang Ping-Lin , De Praetere Herbert , Maes Julies , Reynaerts Dominiek , Sloten Jos Vander , Stoyanov Danail , Poorten Emmanuel Vander
Published: March 2017

In current practice, fluoroscopy remains the gold standard for guiding surgeons during endovascular catheterization. The poor visibility of anatomical structures and the absence of depth information make accurate catheter localization and manipulation a difficult task. Overexposure to radiation and use of risk-prone contrast agent also compromise surgeons’ and patients’ health. Alternative approaches using embedded electromagnetic (EM) sensors have been developed to overcome the limitations of fluoroscopy-based interventions. As only a finite number of sensors can be integrated within a catheter, methods that rely on such sensors require the use of interpolation schemes to recover the catheter shape. Since EM sensors are sensitive to external interferences, the outcome is not robust. This paper introduces a probabilistic framework that improves the catheter localization and reduces the dependency on fluoroscopy and contrast agents. Within this framework, the dense 2D information extracted from fluoroscopic images is combined with the discrete pose information of EM sensors to provide a reliable reconstruction of the full three-dimensional catheter shape. Validation in a physics-based simulation environment and in a real-world experimental setup provides promising results and indicates that the proposed framework allows reconstructing the 3D catheter shape with a median root-mean-square error of 3.7[Formula: see text]mm with an interquartile range of 0.3[Formula: see text]mm.
Presentation Attack Detection Methods for Face Recognition Systems
Authors: Ramachandra Raghavendra , Busch Christoph
Published: March 2017

The vulnerability of face recognition systems to presentation attacks (also known as direct attacks or spoof attacks) has received a great deal of interest from the biometric community. The rapid evolution of face recognition systems into real-time applications has raised new concerns about their ability to resist presentation attacks, particularly in unattended application scenarios such as automated border control. The goal of a presentation attack is to subvert the face recognition system by presenting a facial biometric artifact. Popular face biometric artifacts include a printed photo, the electronic display of a facial photo, replaying video using an electronic display, and 3D face masks. These have demonstrated a high security risk for state-of-the-art face recognition systems. However, several presentation attack detection (PAD) algorithms (also known as countermeasures or antispoofing methods) have been proposed that can automatically detect and mitigate such targeted attacks. The goal of this survey is to present a systematic overview of the existing work on face presentation attack detection that has been carried out. This paper describes the various aspects of face presentation attacks, including different types of face artifacts, state-of-the-art PAD algorithms and an overview of the respective research labs working in this domain, vulnerability assessments and performance evaluation metrics, the outcomes of competitions, the availability of public databases for benchmarking new PAD algorithms in a reproducible manner, and finally a summary of the relevant international standardization in this field. Furthermore, we discuss the open challenges and future work that need to be addressed in this evolving field of biometrics.
Alternative Work Arrangements: Two Images of the New World of Work
Authors: Spreitzer Gretchen M. , Cameron Lindsey , Garrett Lyndon
Published: March 2017

Alternative work arrangements continue to increase in number and variety. We review the literature on alternative work arrangements published since the most recent major review of nonstandard work by Ashford et al. (2007) . We look across the research findings to identify three dimensions of flexibility that undergird alternative work arrangements: (a) flexibility in the employment relationship, (b) flexibility in the scheduling of work, and (c) flexibility in where work is accomplished. We identify two images of the new world of work—one for high-skill workers who choose alternative work arrangements and the other for low-skill workers who struggle to make a living and are beholden to the needs of the organization. We close with future directions for research and practice for tending to the first image and moving away from the second image of the new world of work.
Post-ERCP Emphysematous Cholecystitis in a Young Woman: A Rare and Potentially Fatal Complication
Authors: Stack Roisin , McLoughlin Joseph , Gillis Amy , Ryan Barbara M.
Published: March 2017

A 45-year-old woman with suspected Functional Biliary Sphincter Disorder (FBSD) developed Clostridium perfringens related emphysematous cholecystitis after ERCP. A low index of suspicion for emphysematous cholecystitis in this young, otherwise healthy woman led to a significant delay in making the correct diagnosis, and air in the gallbladder was wrongly attributed to a possible gallbladder perforation. ERCP is associated with significant risks, particularly in patients with FBSD, where diagnostic uncertainty renders the balance of risk versus benefit even more critical. Post-ERCP emphysematous cholecystitis secondary to Clostridium perfringens is a rare but potentially fatal complication.
Influences of Realgar‐Indigo naturalis, A Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on the Main CYP450 Activities in Rats Using a Cocktail Method
Authors: Xu Huan-Hua , Hao Fei-Ran , Wang Mei-Xi , Ren Si-Jia , Li Ming , Tan Hong-Ling , Wang Yu-Guang , Tang Xiang-Lin , Xiao Cheng-Rong , Liang Qian-De , Gao Yue , Ma Zeng-Chun
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this work was to study the influences of Realgar‐Indigo naturalis (RIF) and its principal element realgar on 4 main cytochrome P450 enzymes activities in rats. A simple and efficient cocktail method was developed to detect the four probe drugs simultaneously. In this study, Wistar rats were administered intragastric RIF and realgar for 14 days; mixed probe drugs were injected into rats by caudal vein. Through analyzing the pharmacokinetic parameter of mixed probe drugs in rats, we can calculate the CYPs activities. The results showed that RIF could inhibit CYP1A2 enzyme activity and induce CYP2C11 enzyme activity significantly. Interestingly, in realgar high dosage group, CYP3A1/2 enzyme activity was inhibited significantly, and different dosage of realgar manifested a good dose‐dependent manner. The RIF results indicated that drug coadministrated with RIF may need to be paid attention in relation to drug‐drug interactions (DDIs). Realgar, a toxic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), does have curative effect on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Its toxicity studies should be focused on. We found that, in realgar high dosage group, CYP3A1/2 enzymes activity was inhibited. This phenomenon may explain its potential toxicity mechanism.
Automatic Microaneurysms Detection Based on Multifeature Fusion Dictionary Learning
Authors: Zhou Wei , Wu Chengdong , Chen Dali , Wang Zhenzhu , Yi Yugen , Du Wenyou
Published: March 2017

Recently, microaneurysm (MA) detection has attracted a lot of attention in the medical image processing community. Since MAs can be seen as the earliest lesions in diabetic retinopathy, their detection plays a critical role in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel MA detection approach named multifeature fusion dictionary learning (MFFDL). The proposed method consists of four steps: preprocessing, candidate extraction, multifeature dictionary learning, and classification. The novelty of our proposed approach lies in incorporating the semantic relationships among multifeatures and dictionary learning into a unified framework for automatic detection of MAs. We evaluate the proposed algorithm by comparing it with the state-of-the-art approaches and the experimental results validate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Progressive IRP Models for Power Resources Including EPP
Authors: Zhu Yiping , Hu Yuan , Zhang Faliang
Published: March 2017

In the view of optimizing regional power supply and demand, the paper makes effective planning scheduling of supply and demand side resources including energy efficiency power plant (EPP), to achieve the target of benefit, cost, and environmental constraints. In order to highlight the characteristics of different supply and demand resources in economic, environmental, and carbon constraints, three planning models with progressive constraints are constructed. Results of three models by the same example show that the best solutions to different models are different. The planning model including EPP has obvious advantages considering pollutant and carbon emission constraints, which confirms the advantages of low cost and emissions of EPP. The construction of progressive IRP models for power resources considering EPP has a certain reference value for guiding the planning and layout of EPP within other power resources and achieving cost and environmental objectives.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and Epstein-Barr Virus in Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana
Authors: Asante Du-Bois , Asmah Richard Harry , Adjei Andrew Anthony , Kyei Foster , Simpong David Larbi , Brown Charles Addoquaye , Gyasi Richard Kwasi
Published: March 2017

Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are endemic in Far East Asia and commonly harbour Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which is known to serve as a key oncogenic promoter. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of NPC. However, in Ghana these two viruses have not been linked to NPC prevalence. This study was designed to determine the HPV genotypes and EBV involved in NPC tissue biopsies. A retrospective study design involving 72 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) samples of NPC from 2006 to 2012 were retrieved from the Department of Pathology, University of Ghana School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences. Sections were taken for histological analysis and for DNA lysate preparation. The DNA lysates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to determine the presence of HPV genotypes and EBV. HPV specific primers were used to type for fourteen HPV genotypes (HPV-16, 18, 6/11, 31, 33, 35, 44, 42, 43, 45, 56, 52, 58, and 59). Out of the 72 NPC biopsies analyzed by PCR, EBV DNA was present in 18 (25%) cases and HPV DNA in 14 (19.23%). High risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes 18 and 31 were associated with the NPC. There were 3 (4.2%) cases of coinfection by both viruses. The EBV DNA present in the undifferentiated variant of the NPC and the histopathology of the NPC in Ghana is similar to the type described in endemic areas.
Preparations, Characterizations, and a Comparative Study on Photovoltaic Performance of Two Different Types of Graphene/TiO2 Nanocomposites Photoelectrodes
Authors: Kanta Uea-aree , Thongpool Voranuch , Sangkhun Weradesh , Wongyao Nutthapon , Wootthikanokkhan Jatuphorn
Published: March 2017

This research work undertook a comparative study of the promoting effects of graphene in TiO2 photoanodes. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of the types and concentration of reduced graphene oxides (rGO) on structure properties and the photovoltaic performance of TiO2 based electrodes. Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by using modified Hammer’s method. Next, GO was reduced by using two different approaches, which were the chemical reduction with vitamin C and thermal reduction. The latter approach was also carried out in situ during the fabrication and heat treatment processes of the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). From the results, it was found that the photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs containing the GO/TiO2 electrode, in which the GO phase experienced an in situ thermal reduction, was superior to those containing rGO/TiO2. It was also found that the power conversion efficiency of the DSSCs changed with the concentration of graphene in a nonlinear fashion. The optimum concentrations of graphene, corresponding to the highest PCE values of the GO/TiO2 based DSSC (3.69%) and that of the rGO/TiO2 based cell (2.90%), were 0.01 wt% and 0.03 wt%, respectively.
Temporomandibular Disorders and Headache: A Retrospective Analysis of 1198 Patients
Authors: Di Paolo Carlo , D’Urso Anna , Papi Piero , Di Sabato Francesco , Rosella Daniele , Pompa Giorgio , Polimeni Antonella
Published: March 2017

Aim. Headache is one of the most common diseases associated with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate, retrospectively, if headache influences TMD’s symptoms. Material and Methods. A total sample of 1198 consecutive TMD patients was selected. After a neurological examination, a diagnosis of headache, according to the latest edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, was performed in 625 subjects. Patients were divided into two groups based on presence/absence of headache: Group with Headache (GwH) and Group without Headache (GwoH). Descriptive statistics and Chi-square index were performed. Results. Sociodemographic (gender, marital status, and occupation) and functional factors, occlusion (occlusal and skeletal classes, dental formula, and occlusal abnormalities), and familiar pain did not show a statistically significant correlation in either group. Intensity and frequency of neck pain, arthralgia of TMJ, and myalgia showed higher correlation values in GwH. Conclusion. This study is consistent with previous literature in showing a close relationship between headache and TMD. All data underlines that headache makes pain parameters more intense and frequent. Therefore, an early and multidisciplinary treatment of TMDs should be performed in order to avoid the overlay of painful events that could result in pain chronicity.
Ferrography Wear Particles Image Recognition Based on Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Li Qiong , Zhao Tingting , Zhang Lingchao , Sun Wenhui , Zhao Xi
Published: March 2017

The morphology of wear particles reflects the complex properties of wear processes involved in particle formation. Typically, the morphology of wear particles is evaluated qualitatively based on microscopy observations. This procedure relies upon the experts’ knowledge and, thus, is not always objective and cheap. With the rapid development of computer image processing technology, neural network based on traditional gradient training algorithm can be used to recognize them. However, the feedforward neural network based on traditional gradient training algorithms for image segmentation creates many issues, such as needing multiple iterations to converge and easy fall into local minimum, which restrict its development heavily. Recently, extreme learning machine (ELM) for single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks (SLFN) has been attracting attentions for its faster learning speed and better generalization performance than those of traditional gradient-based learning algorithms. In this paper, we propose to employ ELM for ferrography wear particles image recognition. We extract the shape features, color features, and texture features of five typical kinds of wear particles as the input of the ELM classifier and set five types of wear particles as the output of the ELM classifier. Therefore, the novel ferrography wear particle classifier is founded based on ELM.
Singlet Fermion Assisted Dominant Seesaw with Lepton Flavor and Number Violations and Leptogenesis
Authors: Parida M. K. , Nayak Bidyut Prava
Published: March 2017

Embedding type I seesaw in GUTs, left-right gauge theories, or even in extensions of the SM requires large right-handed neutrino masses making the neutrino mass generation mechanism inaccessible for direct experimental tests. This has been circumvented by introducing additional textures or high degree of fine-tuning in the Dirac neutrino or right-handed neutrino mass matrices. In this work we review another new mechanism that renders type I seesaw vanishing but other seesaw mechanisms dominant. Such mechanisms include extended seesaw, type II, linear, or double seesaw. The linear seesaw, double seesaw, and extended seesaw are directly verifiable at TeV scale. New observable predictions for lepton flavor and lepton number violations by ongoing searches are noted. Type II embedding in SO(10) also predicts these phenomena in addition to new mechanism for leptogenesis and displaced vertices mediated by gauge singlet fermions.
Development of Accident Frequency Models with Random Parameters on Interstate Roadway Segments with and without Lighting Systems
Authors: Park Minho , Lee Dongmin
Published: March 2017

This study explored factors affecting traffic accidents in roadway segments with and without lighting systems using a random parameter negative binomial model. This study sought to make up for a shortcoming of the fixed parameter model that constrained the estimated parameters to be fixed across observations, by applying random parameters that can take into account unobserved heterogeneity. Three variables had a random parameter among nine significant variables in segments with lighting systems, while seven of the eleven significant variables in a segment without a lighting system had random parameters. The different influence of interstate highway geometrics on vehicle crashes with and without lighting systems found through this study considering unobserved heterogeneity may hopefully help reduce accident frequencies and consider installation of lighting systems on interstate highways in the future.
Recent Advances: The Imbalance of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Guan Qingdong , Zhang Jiguo
Published: March 2017

Cytokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, where they drive and regulate multiple aspects of intestinal inflammation. The imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that occurs in IBD results in disease progression and tissue damage and limits the resolution of inflammation. Targeting cytokines have been novel strategies in the treatment of IBD. Recent studies show the beneficial effects of anticytokine treatments to IBD patients, and multiple novel cytokines are found to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances of novel biologics in clinics and clinical trials, and novel proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines found in IBD with focusing on IL-12 family and IL-1 family members as well as their relevance to the potential therapy of IBD.
Applications of Cluster Analysis and Pattern Recognition for Typhoon Hourly Rainfall Forecast
Authors: Lin Fu-Ru , Wu Nan-Jing , Tsay Ting-Kuei
Published: March 2017

Based on the factors of meteorology and topography, it is assumed that there exist some certain patterns in spatial and temporal rainfall distribution of a watershed. A typhoon rainfall forecasting model is developed under this assumption. If rainfall patterns can be analyzed and recognized in terms of individual watershed topography, only the spatial rainfall distribution prior to a specific moment is needed to forecast the rainfall in the next coming hours. It does not need any other condition in meteorology and climatology. Besides, supplement techniques of missing rainfall gage data are also considered to build an all-purpose forecast model. By integrating techniques of cluster analysis and pattern recognition, present proposed rainfall forecasting model is tested using historical data of Tamsui River Basin in Northern Taiwan. Good performance is validated by checking on coefficient of correlation and coefficient of efficiency.
Multiband Split-Ring Resonator Based Planar Inverted-F Antenna for 5G Applications
Authors: Ishfaq Muhammad Kamran , Abd Rahman Tharek , Chattha Hassan Tariq , Ur Rehman Masood
Published: March 2017

5G, the fifth generation of wireless communications, is focusing on multiple frequency bands, such as 6 GHz, 10 GHz, 15 GHz, 28 GHz, and 38 GHz, to achieve high data rates up to 10 Gbps or more. The industry demands multiband antennas to cover these distant frequency bands, which is a task much more challenging. In this paper, we have designed a novel multiband split-ring resonator (SRR) based planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for 5G applications. It is composed of a PIFA, an inverted-L parasitic element, a rectangular shaped parasitic element, and a split-ring resonator (SRR) etched on the top plate of the PIFA. The basic PIFA structure resonates at 6 GHz. An addition of a rectangular shaped parasitic element produces a resonance at 15 GHz. The introduction of a split-ring resonator produces a band notch at 8 GHz, and a resonance at 10 GHz, while the insertion of an inverted-L shaped parasitic element further enhances the impedance bandwidth in the 10 GHz band. The frequency bands covered, each with more than 1 GHz impedance bandwidth, are 6 GHz (5–7 GHz), 10 GHz (9–10.8 GHz), and 15 GHz (14-15 GHz), expected for inclusion in next-generation wireless communications, that is, 5G. The design is simulated using Ansys Electromagnetic Suite 17 simulation software package. The simulated and the measured results are compared and analyzed which are generally in good agreement.
Some Notes about the Continuous-in-Time Financial Model
Authors: Chakkour Tarik
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we investigate the properties of operators in the continuous-in-time model which is designed to be used for the finances of public institutions. These operators are involved in the inverse problem of this model. We discuss this inverse problem in Schwartz space that we prove the uniqueness theorem.
On Approximations by Trigonometric Polynomials of Classes of Functions Defined by Moduli of Smoothness
Authors: Berisha Nimete Sh. , Berisha Faton M. , Potapov Mikhail K. , Dema Marjan
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we give a characterization of Nikol’skiĭ-Besov type classes of functions, given by integral representations of moduli of smoothness, in terms of series over the moduli of smoothness. Also, necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of monotone or lacunary Fourier coefficients for a function to belong to such a class are given. In order to prove our results, we make use of certain recent reverse Copson-type and Leindler-type inequalities.
Radix Entomolaris in the Mandibular Molar Teeth of an Iranian Population
Authors: Kuzekanani Maryam , Walsh Laurence J. , Haghani Jahangir , Kermani Ali Zeynali
Published: March 2017

Purpose. Supernumerary roots in permanent mandibular molar teeth make endodontic treatment more complicated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Radix Entomolaris (RE) in permanent mandibular first and second molars in the population of Kerman, in the southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods. From a collection of 500 mandibular first and second molar teeth extracted over 2015-2016 at dental clinics in Kerman, teeth were scored for an additional distolingual root, and the average root length and root morphology of this extra root were determined using the De Moor classification scheme. Results. In this population, RE occurred in 6% of mandibular first molars (4% with a straight apex (Type I) and 2% with buccal apical curvature (Type III)). In all cases, RE was the shortest root, with an average root length of 18.37 mm. RE occurred in only 0.8% of mandibular second molars, with an average root length of 18.0 mm. All mandibular second molars with RE were of Type III. Fisher’s exact test showed that the difference in frequency between first and second molars was statistically significant (two-sided P=0.002). Conclusion. Radix Entomolaris occurs more frequently in mandibular first molars than in mandibular second molars in this sample of 500 mandibular molars. The reported rate of 6% in first molars is expected to be higher than reported rates in European or Caucasian populations where the prevalence is typically less than 2%.
A Singular Sturm-Liouville Problem with Limit Circle Endpoints and Eigenparameter Dependent Boundary Conditions
Authors: Cai Jinming , Zheng Zhaowen
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we investigate a class of discontinuous singular Sturm-Liouville problems with limit circle endpoints and eigenparameter dependent boundary conditions. Operator formulation is constructed and asymptotic formulas for eigenvalues and fundamental solutions are given. Moreover, the completeness of eigenfunctions is discussed.
A Fine-Grained Visible Light Communication Position Detection System Embedded in One-Colored Light Using DMD Projector
Authors: Kodama Motoi , Haruyama Shinichiro
Published: March 2017

When we consider the Internet of Things (IoT) society that all of the people and things are connected by the Internet and with each other and they can use the variety of services and applications, the development of sensing and communication technology is very important. As one of its key technologies, the visible light communication (VLC) has attracted attention in the point of ubiquity. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained VLC position detection system embedded in one-colored light using Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) projector for new location services in millimeters and report its concept and fundamental experiment using our prototype of the receiver module with Linux single-board computer, Raspberry Pi. In addition, we mention the future application using our system in a clothes shop. Our experimental results show that our system has high accuracy in millimeters and the potential to be more convenient in the future’s location services using the VLC with the DMD projector. There was no trial to use a DMD projector as the illumination until now, but our study shows that the DMD projector has an availability of special modulated VLC illumination type beacon in the IoT age.
Eccrine Nevus Presenting with Umbilical Discharge: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bidari-Zerehpoosh Farahnaz , Sabeti Shahram , Arman Farid , Shakeri Hania
Published: March 2017

Eccrine nevus is a rare skin lesion with protean manifestations like hyperhidrosis, discolored nodules, papules, and so forth, which has been reported in various anatomic parts of the body including the forearm, leg, thigh, back, and coccyx. Our patient was a 26-year-old male, who presented with increasing colorless and odorless episodic umbilical discharge. First impression for the patient was an umbilical sinus and the patient underwent surgery. Histopathological study revealed the lesion to be an eccrine nevus of the umbilicus. This is the first case of eccrine nevus presenting with umbilical discharge. We recommend that eccrine nevus should be considered as a differential diagnosis for umbilical discharge.
Epigenomic Promoter Alterations Amplify Gene Isoform and Immunogenic Diversity in Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qamra Aditi , Xing Manjie , Padmanabhan Nisha , Kwok Jeffrey Jun Ting , Zhang Shenli , Xu Chang , Leong Yan Shan , Lee Lim Ai Ping , Tang Qianqao , Ooi Wen Fong , Suling Lin Joyce , Nandi Tannistha , Yao Xiaosai , Ong Xuewen , Lee Minghui , Tay Su Ting , Keng Angie Tan Lay , Gondo Santoso Erna , Ng Cedric Chuan Young , Ng Alvin , Jusakul Apinya , Smoot Duane , Ashktorab Hassan , Rha Sun Young , Yeoh Khay Guan , Peng Yong Wei , Chow Pierce K.H. , Chan Weng Hoong , Ong Hock Soo , Soo Khee Chee , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Wong Wai Keong , Rozen Steven G. , Teh Bin Tean , Kappei Dennis , Lee Jeeyun , Connolly John , Tan Patrick
Published: March 2017

Promoter elements play important roles in isoform and cell type–specific expression. We surveyed the epigenomic promoter landscape of gastric adenocarcinoma, analyzing 110 chromatin profiles (H3K4me3, H3K4me1, H3K27ac) of primary gastric cancers, gastric cancer lines, and nonmalignant gastric tissues. We identified nearly 2,000 promoter alterations (somatic promoters), many deregulated in various epithelial malignancies and mapping frequently to alternative promoters within the same gene, generating potential pro-oncogenic isoforms (RASA3). Somatic promoter–associated N-terminal peptides displaying relative depletion in tumors exhibited high-affinity MHC binding predictions and elicited potent T-cell responses in vitro, suggesting a mechanism for reducing tumor antigenicity. In multiple patient cohorts, gastric cancers with high somatic promoter usage also displayed reduced T-cell cytolytic marker expression. Somatic promoters are enriched in PRC2 occupancy, display sensitivity to EZH2 therapeutic inhibition, and are associated with novel cancer-associated transcripts. By generating tumor-specific isoforms and decreasing tumor antigenicity, epigenomic promoter alterations may thus drive intrinsic tumorigenesis and also allow nascent cancers to evade host immunity.

Significance: We apply epigenomic profiling to demarcate the promoter landscape of gastric cancer. Many tumor-specific promoters activate different promoters in the same gene, some generating pro-oncogenic isoforms. Tumor-specific promoters also reduce tumor antigenicity by causing relative depletion of immunogenic peptides, contributing to cancer immunoediting and allowing tumors to evade host immune attack. Cancer Discov; 7(6); 630–51. ©2017 AACR.

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Re-Irradiation of Locoregional NSCLC Recurrence Using Robotic Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Authors: Ceylan Cemile , Hamacı Andaç , Ayata Hande , Berberoglu Kezban , Kılıç Ayhan , Güden Metin , Engin Kayıhan
Published: March 2017

Background: We evaluated the efficacy, toxicity, and dose responses of re-irradiation with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with recurrent non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after previous irradiation. Patients and Methods: 28 patients were included. Previous median radiation doses were 54 and 66 Gy. The median interval time between previous radiotherapy and SBRT was 14 months. The median follow-up time after SBRT was 9 months (range 3-93 months). To evaluate the effectiveness of SBRT, local control, overall survival, and treatment-related toxicity were reported. Results: SBRT doses and fractionation ranged from 60 to 30 Gy and from 3 to 8, respectively, according to previous doses, location of the recurrence, and interval time. 65% of tumor recurrences overlapped with previous treatment, while 35% of tumors recurred outside of the previous treatment. 4 patients had local progression after SBRT at their first follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 1- and 2-year actuarial overall survival were 71 and 42%, respectively. The mean survival following SBRT was 32.8 months, and the median survival was 21 months. No grade 3 or higher toxicities were observed. Conclusion: Robotic SBRT is a tolerable treatment option with manageable toxicity which can be used with radical or palliative intent in carefully selected patients with locally recurrent tumors after previous irradiation.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors
Authors: Zhao Zimin , Paquette Cherie , Shah Akeesha A. , Atkins Kristen A. , Frierson Henry F.
Published: March 2017

Background: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT), also known as giant cell tumor of tendon sheath or pigmented villonodular synovitis, is the most common benign tumor of the tendon and synovium. The intra-articular diffuse type can present as a large infiltrative mass involving adjacent soft tissue and sometimes causes secondary destruction of bone, which leads to radiographic and clinical concern for malignancy. The tumor may also be purely extra-articular. Case: Here, we report the fine needle aspiration cytology findings of 2 cases of diffuse-type TSGCT with large mononuclear cells with eccentric nuclei, finely granular cytoplasm, and a peripheral well-defined cytoplasmic rim of hemosiderin (“ladybird cells”). Conclusion: Although the presence of ladybird cells has been described in tissue sections of TSGCT, their identification in cytological specimens has not been reported to our knowledge. When observed, their presence may aid in differentiating TSGCT from other lesions with multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells occurring at or near joints.