bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability and Resurrection: Eschatological Bodies, Identity, and Continuity
Authors: Powell Lisa D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

This article engages the debate around embodiment in the resurrected life, drawing from sources in disability theology, black theology, and womanist ethics. Do we retain “body marks,” as M. Shawn Copeland calls them in her consideration of the scars and wounds on black bodies? Or, as Nancy Eiesland and Amos Yong discuss it: do we retain our impairments as Christ did after his resurrection? I will describe the debate, highlight concern over continuity of identity, and use J. Kameron Carter’s work on theology and race to propose an alternative approach.
On Hartshorne's Creative Understanding of the Christian View of Love and Its Significance for Comparative Religious Studies
Authors: Wang Jiran ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2021

Charles Hartshorne highlights sympathy as a core element of God's love that is undervalued in Christian theology. A detailed understanding of the relationship between loving God and loving others and loving others as oneself is developed based on God's sympathetic love. A comparison between Hartshorne's sympathetic love and Confucian empathetic ren is possible since both eliminate the estrangement between the subject loving and the subject loved and both expand love to others beyond the limited scope of love in human moral practice.
Freedom as a Centralizing Motif in the Work of Henri Bergson
Authors: Macallan Brian Claude ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2021

Contemporary debates on freedom traverse questions concerning metaphysics, the mind/body relationship, evolution, morality, and religion. Throughout his life, the French philosopher Henri Bergson dealt with these questions from the perspective of time, believing that spatializing these problems led to inadequate solutions. That freedom was a centralizing concern in his oeuvre can be demonstrated in the way he approached these questions in challenging determinism, materialism, mechanism, and finalism. Bergson studies, despite noting the importance of freedom for Bergson, have focussed on intuition and duration as his seminal contributions. Bergson himself never thematized freedom in any specific way, but by working with a positive conception of freedom, as a creation of the new within the fiow of duration, freedom can be seen as a centralizing motif in his work. By clarifying the nature of freedom and its centrality, the ground can be cleared for a Bergsonian intervention into contemporary debates on freedom.
The God of Religion and the God of Philosophy Debate Revisited
Authors: Boulting Noel ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2021

This article explores the relationship between "the God of religion" and "the God of philosophy" via four key concepts: existence, actuality, reality, and mystical experience. The exploration of these key concepts relies heavily on the thought of Charles Hartshorne, but it also relies on crucial insights from Charles Sanders Peirce and Simone Weil.
A Frequency Ratio Account of Temporal Atomism
Authors: Carlson Carey R. ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2021

This article examines the time duration of individual occasions in the light of the discovery that temporal succession produces frequency ratios. The frequency ratios are used to define energy ratios and the quantum. The manifold and the common particles are constructed graphically using the arrows of time, with the mass-ratios of the particles derivable from the graphs. The formal reduction of physics to time compels us to adopt Whitehead's conception of the physical universe as occasions of experience engaged in temporal/causal succession. The relative duration of the constituent occasions of the particles are determined by their graphs. In the final section, a refined account of the mind-brain interaction sequence confirms the duration of a human occasion as one tenth of a second.
Strategically Opposing Injustice
Authors: Daniels Joel D. ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2021

In this article, a proposal for Christian theology is constructed in relation to racial injustice. This proposal involves "strategic essentialism," which is informed by feminist theory. This proposal will be explored in light of the views of John Cobb and James Cone.
Amazon plinthosols: carbon stocks and physical properties under different land uses
Authors: Bastos Alexis de Sousa , Sanquetta Carlos , Maniesi Vanderlei , Sanquetta Mateus Niroh Inoue , Corte Ana Paula Dalla
Published: June 2021

The population growth and the climate changes impose challenges to society, especially regarding food supply and the maintenance of desirable soil conditions. Besides, it is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, there is a necessity of studies addressing the understanding of soil conditions under different land uses, as soils can become carbon pools or sources depending on management practices. This study was conducted in soil profiles of Amazon Plinthosols under different land uses: undisturbed forests, cattle ranching pastures, and mixed crops. Soil density and carbon fraction were assessed at four depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-20, and 20-40 cm), while particle size and mineralogy were examined at 0-20 and 20-40 cm. Soils under undisturbed forests presented lower densities and higher carbon fractions when compared to other land uses. These soils also presented the highest carbon stock; however, the Tukey test indicated no significant differences. Soil densities were lower in forest environments. Cattle ranching pastures presented higher carbon stocks when compared to mixed crops (at age 10 years). Our results indicated that proper soil management practices are needed to maintain the soil productive capacity after converting forested areas for other uses. Plinthosols, due to its textural and mineralogical characteristics, presented high amounts of quartz, demonstrating how sensitive these environments are to changes in the landscape due to deforestation and how unstable the maintenance of carbon stocks is because of such conditions. This study provides useful information to the understanding of the carbon stock in Amazon Plinthosols. It may be helpful to improve the Brazilian Inventory of Anthropogenic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases and to understand the impacts of land-use change.
Aspectos fenológicos reprodutivos de Qualea grandiflora Mart. em Cerrado
Authors: Almeida Sabrina Emanuella da Silva , Silva Patrícia Oliveira da , Oliveira Thais Cristina Sousa de , Menino Gisele Cristina de Oliveira , Alves Rauander Douglas Ferreira Barros
Published: June 2021

Qualea grandiflora é uma espécie típica da fisionomia cerradão, de importância ecológica, florística e medicinal. No entanto, são pouco os estudos no que se refere a sua fenologia. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se verificar a sazonalidade e influência das variáveis climáticas nos eventos reprodutivos de Qualea grandiflora em cerradão. Marcaram-se 15 indivíduos que foram visitados mensalmente entre julho de 2016 e junho de 2018 para registrar os eventos: botões florais, antese, frutos imaturos e maduros. A intensidade de Fournier e sincronia foram correlacionadas com a precipitação, temperatura máxima, média e mínima através da correlação de Spearman, e a sazonalidade por meio da estatística circular. A espécie produziu botões e flores durante a estação chuvosa, o que resultou em correlação positiva com a precipitação. A formação de frutos ocorreu tanto na época chuvosa quanto na seca, já a maturação dos frutos ocorreu na estação seca. O evento de frutos imaturos foi o único não sazonal devido a sua duração. Os eventos reprodutivos de Qualea grandiflora se correlacionaram com a temperatura e a precipitação, de modo que a espécie utiliza essa influência para potencializar suas chances de reprodução.
Molecular characterization and vegetative compatibility groups of Fusarium spp. pathogenic to Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.
Authors: Mezzomo Ricardo , Rolim Jéssica Mengue , Poletto Tales , Walker Clair , Milanesi Paola Mendes , Muniz Marlove Fátima Brião
Published: June 2021

In the central-western and southern regions of Brazil, the cultivation of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is considered an important source of forest extraction, besides providing an alternative income, especially for families. The yerba mate, like other forest species, is infected by several pathogens, such as fungi of the genus Fusarium, causing root rot. Pathogens have wide genetic variability, even within a single genus and species, resulting from adaptations to their environments. This study aimed at characterizing molecularly isolated Fusarium spp. through the sequencing of the ITS and β-tubulin genome regions, identifying the species level as well as the formation of vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) among these isolates of the root rot pathogen in yerba mate.  The sequencing of the ITS and β-tubulin regions, defined the separation between the seven pathogenic isolates of F. solani and F. oxysporum. For the same isolates, the technique to obtain nit mutants was suitable for the phenotypic classification, obtaining five VCGs for species of Fusarium, root rot in yerba mate.
Organizando os usos e funções dos vegetais: a etnobotânica auxiliando na prevenção e diminuição da cegueira botânica.
Authors: Corrêa André Micaldas , Alves Luiz Anastácio , Rocha Joyce Alves
Published: June 2021

O surgimento da espécie humana inaugurou diversos usos dos vegetais, que se perpetuam até hoje, embora as plantas não recebam a devida importância. Essa falta de reconhecimento chega muitas vezes à cegueira botânica, termo criado para definir a dificuldade das pessoas notarem a flora no seu ambiente e reconhecerem sua relevância para a vida na Terra. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi reunir alguns usos dos vegetais pelos seres humanos e algumas de suas funções no ambiente, que se encontravam dispersos e passavam despercebidos. O método empregado foi a pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas, por meio da qual as categorias mais comuns da Etnobotânica foram incluídas e foram ampliadas com a inclusão de categorias de outras ciências ou criação de novas categorias. Após, Para isso, selecionou-se pelo menos um vegetal e uma fonte que referenciasse o uso ou função dessa categoria. O resultado foi a organização de um quadro contendo vinte nove categorias de usos e funções, com potencial para serem utilizadas no ensino de Botânica. O resultado dessa pesquisa, junto com ações e estratégias integradas, que estão relacionadas ao encantamento, afetividade e contextualização do ensino/aprendizagem, talvez possa contribuir para a prevenção e tratamento da cegueira botânica. Nesse sentido, o esperado é auxiliar na valorização e conservação das plantas, uma vez que quase todo ser vivo depende do reino vegetal para sobreviver, inclusive o ser humano, embora aja como se não dependesse.
Apresentação
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de
Published: June 2021

A Regae: Revista de Gestão e Avaliação Educacional manteve o seu funcionamento regular e sem problemas de continuidade durante o ano de 2020. Investiu-se em duas ações que podem contribuir para a ampliação do alcance da divulgação dos trabalhos publicados no periódico: a intensificação do uso do perfil no Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/regae.ufsm -  a criação de um canal no Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPSS8lz1B9dSaDvaKG4b4wQ. Neste canal passaram a ser disponibilizados vídeos gravados pelos autores dos textos publicados. Neles tem-se como finalidade apresentar os artigos e convidar para a leitura. Inscrevam-se no canal e contribuam para maior visibilidade da revista e do trabalho dos autores. No entendimento da editoria esta é uma das funções de um periódico: oferecer a oportunidade para que se comunique à sociedade os resultados do trabalho realizado, para que esta possa, a partir das informações e dados disponibilizados, otimizar as suas decisões, estabelecer rumos e avaliar os resultados alcançados. Ainda em 2020 houve a publicação de 31 artigos. Para estes resultados contribuíram o trabalho dos integrantes do conselho editorial, dos avaliadores e dos integrantes do Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFSM. Em 2021 espera-se publicar, pelo menos, 40 artigos, garantindo-se uma filiação institucional diversificada dos autores, tramitação célere e registros em importantes indexadores e catálogos, entre eles Doaj, Latindex, Redalyc, Redib, Amelica, Latinrev. Além disso, com o Qualis Capes 2017-2020, que posiciona a Regae no extrato superior - A4 - espera-se ampliação da demanda pelo periódico, bem como a intensificação do trabalho de tramitação, avaliação e publicação de artigos que pode contribuir para com o conhecimento e aprendizagem de pautas relacionadas com gestão, políticas e avaliação educacional no Brasil.
Onde o design encontra sua dimensão local
Authors: Paoliello Carla
Published: June 2021

Este artigo é um resumo da tese de Doutoramento “Investigação de parâmetros de análise do design de equipamento enquanto ferramenta de impacto social” realizada em 2020 na Faculdade de Belas-Artes da Universidade de Lisboa. Trata-se de uma investigação que olhou para as questões relacionadas com o binómio design-fazer local. Para tal, produziu-se uma descrição-síntese de parcerias brasileiras e portuguesas existentes nestes dois mundos (design e fazer local) e delimitou-se (descreveu-se e analisou-se) as relações provenientes e existentes neste processo com base no entendimento destas experiências. A investigação foi dividida em duas etapas. A primeira caracterizou-se por uma revisão bibliográfica que envolveu estudos de autores diversos acerca do lugar do artesanato no Brasil e em Portugal; das aproximações e diferenças do design e das suas dimensões do fazer local. Produziu- se, portanto, uma estrutura teórica a ser utilizada na segunda etapa que compreendeu a pesquisa, descrição e avaliação de 20 casos de estudo brasileiros e 5 portugueses. Foram realizadas entrevistas a partir de um questionário semiestruturado com os três atores presentes nestas parcerias – o artífice, o designer e as entidades ou instituições que fomentam estas parcerias. As ponderações finais indicam que somos todos artífices, sendo o impacto uma via com dois sentidos.
Entre miosótis, morangos e flamboiãs
Authors: Oliveira Madson Luis Gomes de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo faz uma revisão da pesquisa de mestrado em Design, desenvolvida entre os anos de 2005 e 2006, que teve como foco um grupo de bordadeiras da comunidade de Barateiro (Itapajé-CE). Os bordados ali produzidos tinham como motivos as flores miosótis e os frutos do morango (separados ou combinados entre si), muito comuns naquele município. A partir do diagnóstico realizado para identificar problemas com relação à produção, circulação e distribuição dos bordados produzidos em Barateiro (Itapajé-CE), a Secretaria Municipal de Educação desenvolveu e implementou o Programa de Revitalização do Artesanato de Itapajé – PRA-ITA, promovendo uma intervenção junto às bordadeiras quanto ao padrão dos bordados que passaram a ser representações estilizadas da flor do flamboiã. Esta ação realizada sob a égide do design, possibilitou a configuração de uma assinatura coletiva nos bordados produzidos naquela comunidade. O objetivo principal da pesquisa foi demonstrar esse processo e como a intervenção estética tornou-se um marcador cultural.
Estamparia digital
Authors: Sanches Regina Aparecida , Vicentini Cláudia Regina Garcia , Avelar Suzana , Souza Rejane de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

O resultado da reprodução de imagens na impressão têxtil é muitas vezes influenciado por instrumentos e técnicas utilizadas no seu processo produtivo. Por meio de pesquisabibliográfica e testes de impressão foram coletadas informações sobre as tecnologias utilizadas na estamparia digital, com o objetivo de analisar a influência deste processo na impressão e na reprodução de imagens, sobre diferentes substratos têxteis e compreender os fatores relevantes deste processo. Foram selecionados no mercado tecidos planos de várias padronagens, de composição 100% algodão e 100% poliéster e tecido de meia malha de composição 100% poliéster, estes foram impressos a partir de um único arquivo com diferentes imagens. As imagens foram impressas em três resoluções: 300, 150 e 72 PPI. As imagens com 150 PPI foram excluídas deste artigo por não apresentarem diferenças significativas quando comparadas as demais. Os resultados experimentais mostram que existem diferenças significativas entre as características estudadas nas imagens com resolução de 300 PPI e 72 PPI e permite organizar um conjunto de informações práticas referentes a tecnologia de impressão digital em substratos têxteis.
COVID-19 Mutual Disabilities in Edo State Gubernatorial Electoral Process
Authors: Adisa O. , Asuelime R.
Published: June 2021

The conduct of elections in Nigeria is generally associated with manipulation, which has often undermined the credibility and fairness of the process since the country gained its independence. COVID-19 poses a very serious challenge to the electoral process, considering the nature of the disease, which has led to the promotion of limited physical interaction as an approach to mitigate its transmission and safeguard the health of the people while at the same time impacting negatively on state's electoral justice. While elections remain a key factor to the attainment of political positions in a democratic setting globally, several scholars and media reports have made attempts to assess the political intrigues in the state of Edo as a result of the tense atmosphere created by political gladiators. The use of the pandemic and various forms of propaganda to destabilise the camp of perceived opponents with the aim of winning public support are notable strategies employed by the main contending political parties and their candidates as the election approaches. Therefore, this article evaluates the impediments and political manoeuvrings in the electoral process in the state of Edo, considering the increasing number of corona-virus infections, the country's frail electoral system, and the desire to maintain credible democratic consolidation in the country.
The Impact of Harmful Habits on Academic Performance and Sports Activities among Young People
Authors: Yermilova Victoria , Stroiteleva Natalia , Egorova Zhanna , Vanina Ekaterina
Published: June 2021

Smoking and alcohol consumption is a growing trend among young people worldwide. The purpose of this study was to provide students with a comparative analysis of adherence to harmful habits (smoking and alcohol) on the one hand and the frequency of sports and academic performance on the other, taking into account gender differences. The research was conducted in 2019-2020 in 5 cities of Russia; the sample included 1500 people aged 18.4 ± 1.1 years, divided into three equal groups. The control (first) group had students who are not engaged in sports, and the second group comprised students practicing sports but not professionally. The third group was made up of student-athletes. All participants were surveyed to determine the frequency of adherence to harmful habits. In the control group, boys smoked 50% more often than girls (p ≤ 0.05), while in the third group, smoking among boys was registered 70 times less often (p ≤ 0.001). Alcohol consumption in controls was 0.5 times more likely among boys (p ≤ 0.05). Harmful habits affect young people's free time and reduce their academic performance and ability to practice sports.
The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Anxiety Reduction in Critical Care Unit (CCU) Patients During Hospitalization
Authors: Ghiasi Fatemeh , Hosseinzadeh Zohreh , Nemati Fatemeh , Kheiry Maryam , Normohammadi Abdollah , Sharif Nasibe
Published: June 2021

Patients admitted to Critical Care Units (CCU) face multiple stressors, and these stressors cause anxiety in patients. Anxiety increases heart function in heart patients. High levels of anxiety in cardiac patients increase in association with hospital complications. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on reducing the anxiety of patients in CCU during their hospitalization. The study design was quasi-experimental (pre-test and post-test). This study was performed on patients in CCU of Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital in 2019; for this purpose, 30 patients in CCU were randomly divided into intervention (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Before the intervention, the demographic variables questionnaire and DASS-21 anxiety questionnaire were completed by both groups. Then, the intervention group received CBT for eight sessions according to the average number of hospital days (eight days) by the therapist (researcher). The control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention, the demographic variables questionnaire and DASS-21 questionnaire were completed by the intervention and control groups again. Data analysis was done by SPSS-21 software and descriptive tests, ANOVA, and independent and pairwise t-test. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean score of anxiety before treatment, but the mean score of anxiety significantly decreased after treatment in the intervention group (9.63±2.773) compared to the control group (13.23±2.115; p<0.001). CBT can reduce the level of anxiety in patients admitted to CCU, and this method can be used as a simple and low-cost complementary non-pharmacological practice in these patients.
Kindergarten Teachers' Perspective on Early Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Caeiro Ana Paula , Franco Vítor
Published: June 2021

In Portugal, children with developmental disorders are supported by the National Early Childhood Intervention System (NECIS). This network aims to promote child development from a family-centered perspective, based on community support and carried out in everyday natural contexts by a transdisciplinary team.

This study aims to verify how the NECIS responds to the needs identified by educators who receive children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in pre-school. This is a qualitative, multiple case study using the content analysis of 6 semi-structured interviews. The results show that these educators feel ill-prepared to work with children with ASD. They expect NECIS professionals will perform more targeted and rehabilitative work with the child and point out the limited time that they have to spend with children as one of the main constraints.
The problem adherence to the rule and jurisprudence
Authors: Fedorinin Nikita Konstantinovich
Published: June 2021

The discussion on application to law of the principle of adherence to the rule formulated in the works of L. Wittgenstein and S. Kripke has been going in the foreign theory of law since the late 1980s, and now has been joined by the Russian researchers. The article conducts a theoretical analysis and assessment of the positions and arguments expressed by the participants of this discussion, and sums up the results. The author examines the content of the principle of adherence to the rule in the philosophy of language, describes the methods of interaction between jurisprudence and philosophy, and problematizes the link between the principle of adherence to the rule in the philosophy of language and the subject of discussion. The work employs a wide variety of sources and philosophical concepts. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the following: 1) substantiation of the absence of link between the practical application to law of the principle of adherence to the rule raised in the discussion and the content of the principle of adherence to the rule in the philosophy of language; 2) description and analysis of the method of interaction of legal dogma and philosophy of language, the determining role that it plays in structuring the arguments of the participants in the discussion, as well as its defining role for the main outcome of the discussion – refusal to address the problem of adherence to the rule in legal dogma and legal practice; 3) determination of the importance of the principle of adherence to rule for the theory of law in the context of the ontology of legal norm.
Specificity of the network model of innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property
Authors: Belikova Ksenia Michailovna
Published: June 2021

This article aims to prove the working hypothesis, as well as determine and analyze the peculiarities of the network model of open innovation activity in biomedical sector in the context of protection of intellectual property in Russia and abroad, based on examination of the real projects implemented within the framework of this strategy by the organizations (for example, Structural Genomics Consortium) and companies (Bayer, AstraZeneca, FabRx, Biogen, Vertex Pharmaceuticals). The article employs the methods of induction and deduction, formal and dialectical logic for revealing the benefits of network cooperation and open innovation strategy, which substantiates the objective need for the business strategies, methods and mechanisms for the production and protection of scientific information and results of intellectual property in the context of development of new technologies (such, blockchain), which are discussed in the article. The relevance, theoretical and practical importance of the conducted research lie in the fact that the network “open” and traditional “closed” methods of production of the new scientific knowledge have their merits and flaws that may influence the scientific progress and innovation-driven growth. The experience of foreign institutes, scientific centers, and companies can be valuable in seeking the answers to the analogous questions associated with the development, substantiation, and recognition of collaborations based on the open innovations of the Russian Federation. The results acquired by the author are also reflected in the ideas that in the sphere of biotechnologies, the projects implemented in within the open innovations strategy may have different configurations (domestic and supranational), however pursuing a single goal –  to create a more effective specific therapy for various diseases, which would promote network collaboration, and by common consent, can be achieved via three vectors of research, while legal certainty and security can be ensured by blockchain technology.
Effects of thiourea on the skull of Triturus newts during ontogeny
Authors: Ajduković Maja , Vučić Tijana , Cvijanović Milena
Published: June 2021

Background

In amphibians, thyroid hormone (TH) has a profound role in cranial development, especially in ossification of the late-appearing bones and remodeling of the skull. In the present study, we explored the influence of TH deficiency on bone ossification and resulting skull shape during the ontogeny of Triturus newt hybrid larvae obtained from interspecific crosses between T. ivanbureschi and T. macedonicus.

Methods

Larvae were treated with two concentrations of thiourea (an endocrine disruptor that chemically inhibits synthesis of TH) during the midlarval and late larval periods. Morphological differences of the cranium were assessed at the end of the midlarval period (ontogenetic stage 62) and the metamorphic stage after treatment during the late larval period.

Results

There was no difference in the ossification level and shape of the skull between the experimental groups (control and two treatment concentrations) at stage 62. During the late larval period and metamorphosis, TH deficit had a significant impact on the level of bone ossification and skull shape with no differences between the two treatment concentrations of thiourea. The most pronounced differences in bone development were: the palatopterygoid failed to disintegrate into the palatal and pterygoid portions, retardation was observed in development of the maxilla, nasal and prefrontal bones and larval organization of the vomer was retained in thiourea-treated larvae.

Conclusions

This implies that deficiency of TH caused retardation in development and arrested metamorphic cranium skeletal reorganization, which resulted in divergent cranial shape compared to the control group. Our results confirmed that skull remodeling and ossification of late-appearing bones is TH–dependent, as in other studied Urodela species. Also, our results indicate that TH plays an important role in the establishment of skull shape during the ontogeny of Triturus newts, especially during the late larval period and metamorphosis, when TH concentrations reach their maximum.
An Analysis on Human Resource Development Culture and Climate of Chemical Based Public Sector Enterprises in Kerala, India
Authors: A Balakrishnan , Varambally Dr. KVM
Published: June 2021

The impact of Globalization creates a competitive horizon with new markets, new products, new mindsets, new competencies, and new ways of thinking about business. As an outcome of this, the market places become more complex, uncertain, competitive, and transformational. In this era, the major challenge faced by any organization is to maintain a peaceful as well positive culture and climate inside the organization. The human resource development climate of an organization plays a significant role in ensuring the competency, motivation, and development of its employees. Here the term climate denotes the quality of the internal environment. It influences morale and the attitudes of the individual toward his work and his environment. Culture refers to the deep structure of organizations, which is rooted in the values, beliefs, and assumptions held by organizational members. The study was aimed to analyze the Human Resource Development culture and climate of chemical-based public sector enterprises in Kerala. The results indicated that the Human Resource Development climate in an organization is average and the perception of employees regarding Human Resource Development culture and climate does not differs significantly based on age, job approval status, and qualification. But it differs significantly based on gender and experiences.
Qualidade dos meios de hospedagem cearenses
Authors: Silva Emanuela Mota , Freitas George Alberto de , Rebouças Silvia Maria Dias Pedro
Published: June 2021

O objetivo geral do presente estudo é analisar a influência dos atributos da qualidade do serviço evidenciadas pelo site TripAdvisor, na satisfação geral do consumidor. A amostra é composta por 43 localidades cearenses que participam do ranking de destinos mais procurados pelos turistas no Ceará, constituindo um total de 2.293 estabelecimentos, cujas avaliações foram capturadas por um crawler e, em seguida, extraídas com uso de um parser, ambos executados em linguagem Python. Os resultados gerados por meio de métodos quantitativos. Os resultados sugerem que investimentos na estrutura dos quartos, no atendimento e na limpeza poderiam aumentar a satisfação dos clientes, tendo em vista que são esses atributos, respectivamente, que têm a maior probabilidade de influenciar um cliente a atribuir nota máxima ao estabelecimento. Outros achados mostram que a maioria dos estabelecimentos avaliados com nota máxima estão localizados principalmente no litoral, com destaque para os de Jericoacoara, que hospedagens situadas em municípios mais extensos e populosos têm, em média, menos chances de serem avaliadas com notas máximas de satisfação geral, que os hóspedes tendem a ficar mais rigorosos com o passar o tempo, levando a atribuir notas menores de satisfação geral.
Quality Index Method for Freshness Assessment of Chilled Japanese Flying Squid (Todarodes pacificus)
Authors: Mai Nga T. T.
Published: June 2021

Aims: To develop and apply a quality index method (QIM) scheme for evaluating the freshness and estimating the shelf life of raw whole Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) stored at low temperatures.

Study design: A QIM scheme was developed through pre-observation and formation of a preliminary scheme, finalization of the protocol and training of judges. The scheme was then applied to evaluate the freshness of squid in comparison with control methods, which were quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), Torry scoring, and total viable count (TVC) determination.

Place and duration of study: Nha Trang University, Vietnam, between February and June 2012; and from November 2019 to January 2020.

Methodology: A total of 399 Japanese flying squids (Todarodes pacificus) of 50-70 g stored at 0-2°C were used in the study. Seven judges engaged in the QIM establishment and application. Control methods were QDA, Torry and TVC check. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used for studying the dataset main variance. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) was carried out to evaluate the possibility to predict storage time of the developed QIM scheme.

Results: The formulated QIM scheme for Japanese flying squid stored at low temperatures composed of 8 parameters, which are odour, eyes, skin pigment, skin elasticity, body shape, body texture, ink sac integrity, and head-body connection, forming a quality index (QI) range of 0-15. The PLS-R showed that the developed QIM protocol could give a shelf life estimation accuracy of ± 1.0 day if 7 squids from each batch were evaluated. The PCA showed that QDA parameters clustered into good and bad attribute groups, which characterised flesh and old/spoilt squid, respectively. QDA, Torry and TVC results revealed a maximal squid shelf life of 12 days at 0-2 °C.

Conclusion: The QIM scheme for chilled Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) could be used to estimate the remaining shelf life of the product with the precision of ± 1.0 day, using at least 7 squids of the same storage time for assessment. Squid exhibited a shelf life of 12 days at 0-2 °C.
The Level of Keratoconus Awareness among the Saudi Population in Riyadh
Authors: Alkadi Turad , Alruwaili Shahad , Mahfud Shahd Al , Alomair Fahad
Published: June 2021

Aims: This study aims to reveal misconceptions about keratoconus, to assess the level of knowledge among Saudi nationals and to compare the level of awareness of keratoconus between affected and unaffected individuals.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey on a study population that consisted of Saudi nationals over the age of 18 from November until December 2020 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to assess the level of knowledge of keratoconus among the Saudi population.

Results: Three hundred and ten responses were obtained, the age range of the participants was between 18 to 50 years oldof which 182 were females and 128 were males. Thirty percent of participants stated that they had acquired their knowledge of keratoconus from the internet, while 29% stated that they had no knowledge of keratoconus at all. The majority of the sample (38.4%) had a high level of knowledge about keratoconus, 31.3% had a moderate level of knowledge and 30.3% had a low level of knowledge. A significant correlation between the level of knowledge and the diagnosis of keratoconus was found, in which keratoconus patients had a higher level of knowledge (44.2%) (p value < .05). Moreover, males (60.1%) had a higher level of awareness compared to females (23.1%) (p value < .05). Age had no significant effect on the level of knowledge (p value > .05).

Conclusion: The level of knowledge about keratoconus among the Saudi population in Riyadh is moderate to high. Keratoconus patients had a higher level of knowledge compared to unaffected participants. We recommend further assessment of the level of knowledge about keratoconus with a larger sample size in different provinces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cardiac Patients Regarding Reversible Risk Factors
Authors: Rajper Faraz Qurban , Qureshi Ali , Tunio Ikram Ahmed , Mojai Sajid Ali , Siddiqui Muhammad Ilyas , Ahmer Arslan , Unar Ayaz , Unar Khalida , Ahmed Tahseen , Sabzoi Waqar Ahmed
Published: June 2021

The major aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of numerous risk factors of cardio vascular disease among the local population of Sukkur district. Embracing of western culture and quick conversion of rural areas into urbanization leads to enhance the cardio vascular burden on the population of modern world. Developing countries has not enough medical facilities to overcome the burden of Cardio vascular Disease (CVD) and it is co-related with education and awareness about the cardiac disease.

Descriptive Crossectional study was carried out at National Institute of Cardio Vascular Disease (NICVD) Sukkur for the period of 06 months from July 2020 to December 2020. Total 186 patients were included in the study and the selection criteria for study subjects was depends on the different factors such as patients, who had admitted in the hospital for more than 03 days with positive Troponin T and disturbed ECG reports.  A well designed questionnaire was used for the collection of demographic and clinical data from the patients regarding research.

From the obtained data 123 were male patients and area of residency of mostly patients was rural areas. 39 patients complain about chest pain, 74 about shoulder pain, 44 had severe headache and 29 were presented with cardiac arrest. 109 patients were diagnosed with hypertension, 34 had Diabetes Mellitus, 26 had gastric issues. Trop T test was positive among 91 patients, 109 had disturbed ECG. 64 patients were aware about various risk factors of CVD.

In our research it was concluded that people of interior Sindh were unaware of modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease when presented with heart problem, most of the population even couldn’t identify the obesity, physical exercise, heavy diets and smoking as major reversible risk factors for CVD. Mass counseling and seminar should be conducted from time to time in order to overcome the raising issues of cardio vascular disease and its risk factors.
Tailoring Noncovalent Interactions to Activate Persistent Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Doped Polyacrylonitrile Films
Authors: Wu Hongzhuo , Wang Deliang , Zhao Zheng , Wang Dong , Xiong Yu , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2021

Organic phosphors exhibiting room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in amorphous phase are good candidates for optoelectronic and biomedical applications. In this proof‐of‐concept work, a rational strategy to activate wide‐color ranged and persistent RTP from amorphous films by embedding electron‐rich organic phosphor into electron‐deficient matrix polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is presented. Through tailoring noncovalent interactions between the electron‐deficient PAN matrix and electron‐rich organic phosphors, an ultralong lifetime of 968.1 ms is obtained for doped film TBB‐6OMe@PAN. Control experiments conducted on the polymers polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) without electron‐withdrawing groups, and organic phosphors containing electron‐withdrawing groups indicate that the persistent RTP of doped films may be triggered by strong electrostatic interactions between electron‐deficient PAN and electron‐rich organic phosphor. Further theoretical calculations including electrostatic potential distributions, binding energies, and energy decomposing analysis demonstrate that both electrostatic and dispersion interactions between electron‐deficient PAN and electron‐rich organic phosphor are responsible for the activation of persistent RTP of doped films. In addition, the doped film TBB‐6OMe@PAN still maintains brightness even after soaking in water for 12 weeks. This excellent water resistance not only is favorable for future applications but also demonstrates an advantage of electrostatic and dispersion interactions over hydrogen bonding interactions.
Constructing Layered Nanostructures from Non‐Layered Sulfide Crystals via Surface Charge Manipulation Strategy
Authors: Zhang Shilin , Hong Jian , Zeng Xiaohui , Hao Junnan , Zheng Yang , Fan Qining , Pang Wei Kong , Zhang Chaofeng , Zhou Tengfei , Guo Zaiping
Published: June 2021

2D non‐layered metal sulfides possess intriguing properties, rendering them bright application prospects in energy storage and conversion, however, the synthesis of non‐layered metal sulfide nanosheets is still significantly challenging. Herein, a surface‐charge‐regulating strategy is developed to fabricate microsized 2D non‐layered metal sulfides via manipulation of the isoelectric point, which can easily modulate the manner of surface charge arrangement during the growth of crystal nuclei. The result of this strategy are materials that are completely assembled with a preferred orientation but comprise a large lateral size with maintaining atomic thickness. A series of modified sulfides are successfully synthesized, demonstrating that their microarchitectures are shifted in an expected manner. Then, one of these materials, In4SnS8, approaches a promising candidate for sodium storage by means of its structural integrity, boosted transfer kinetics, and abundant active sites. The proposed synthetic protocol can open up a new opportunity to explore 2D non‐layered materials for energy‐related applications.
Advanced Human BBB‐on‐a‐Chip: A New Platform for Alzheimer's Disease Studies
Authors: Yoon Jeong‐Kee , Kim Jaehoon , Shah Zachary , Awasthi Ashi , Mahajan Advay , Kim YongTae
Published: June 2021

The blood−brain barrier (BBB) is a unique vascular structure that serves as a molecular transport gateway for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Chronic disruption or breakdown of the BBB reportedly leads to neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, research on human BBB pathophysiology and drug development remains highly dependent on studies using inherently different animals. Moreover, more studies have shown that animal models are not appropriate in modeling Alzheimer's disease (AD), underlining the importance of in vitro models of the human BBB with physiological relevance. In this review, recent advances in human BBB‐on‐a‐chip technologies are highlighted and their potential for pathogenesis studies and drug prescreening for AD treatment are discussed.
Surface Engineering of Silicon Quantum Dots: Does the Ligand Length Impact the Optoelectronic Properties of Light‐Emitting Diodes?
Authors: Mock Josef , Groß Elisabeth , Kloberg Marc Julian , Rieger Bernhard , Becherer Markus
Published: June 2021

Herein, silicon quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (SiQD LEDs) are investigated to explore the interplay between their electroluminescence (EL) blue shift and the SiQD ligand length on the SiQD surface. The ligand is essential for LED fabrication to ensure colloidal stability, but it also hinders efficient charge transport inside the LED. Consequently, the SiQDs are functionalized via organolithium reagents with hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl to obtain a low‐SiQD surface coverage and therefore improved charge transport. With increasing ligand length, the potential barrier between the SiQDs increases, which is ideal for charge carrier confinement, but a trade‐off with the charge transport has to be found. A sweet spot for LED performance is found for octyl‐functionalized SiQDs with the highest irradiance (734 μW cm−2) and external quantum efficiency (1.48%), compared with shorter hexyl‐ and longer dodecyl‐capped SiQDs. The SiQDs exhibit a size distribution, whereas the bandgap energy of SiQDs is inversely proportional to the SiQD size. Therefore, large SiQDs with a short ligand are accessible at low voltages, whereas small SiQDs with long ligands require elevated voltages. This leads to a broadening and a blue shift of the EL spectrum and a ligand length‐controlled size‐selective SiQD activation.
Spider‐Web and Ant‐Tentacle Doubly Bio‐Inspired Multifunctional Self‐Powered Electronic Skin with Hierarchical Nanostructure
Authors: Yue Ouyang , Wang Xuechuan , Liu Xinhua , Hou Mengdi , Zheng Manhui , Wang Youyou , Cui Boqiang
Published: June 2021

For the practical applications of wearable electronic skin (e‐skin), the multifunctional, self‐powered, biodegradable, biocompatible, and breathable materials are needed to be assessed and tailored simultaneously. Integration of these features in flexible e‐skin is highly desirable; however, it is challenging to construct an e‐skin to meet the requirements of practical applications. Herein, a bio‐inspired multifunctional e‐skin with a multilayer nanostructure based on spider web and ant tentacle is constructed, which can collect biological energy through a triboelectric nanogenerator for the simultaneous detection of pressure, humidity, and temperature. Owing to the poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers spider web structure, internal bead‐chain structure, and the collagen aggregate nanofibers based positive friction material, e‐skin exhibits the highest pressure sensitivity (0.48 V kPa−1) and high detection range (0–135 kPa). Synchronously, the nanofibers imitating the antennae of ants provide e‐skin with short response and recovery time (16 and 25 s, respectively) to a wide humidity range (25–85% RH). The e‐skin is demonstrated to exhibit temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR = 0.0075 °C−1) in a range of the surrounding temperature (27–55 °C). Moreover, the natural collagen aggregate and the all‐nanofibers structure ensure the biodegradability, biocompatibility, and breathability of the e‐skin, showing great promise for practicability.
Keystroke Dynamics based Hybrid Nanogenerators for Biometric Authentication and Identification using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Maharjan Pukar , Shrestha Kumar , Bhatta Trilochan , Cho Hyunok , Park Chani , Salauddin Md , Rahman M. Toyabur , Rana SM Sohel , Lee Sanghyun , Park Jae Y.
Published: June 2021

Cyberattack is one of the severe threats in the digital world as it encompasses everything related to personal information, health, finances, intellectual properties, and even national security. Password‐based authentication is the most practiced authentication system, however, is vulnerable to several attacks such as dictionary attack, shoulder surfing attack, and guessing attack. Here, a new keystroke dynamics‐based hybrid nanogenerator for biometric authentication and identification integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) is reported. Keystroke dynamics offer behavioral and contextual information that can distinguish and authorize the individuals based on their typing rhythms. The hybrid electromagnetic‐triboelectric nanogenerators/sensors efficiently convert the keystroke mechanical energy into electrical signals, which are fed into an artificial neural network based AI system. The self‐powered hybrid sensors‐based biometric authentication system integrated with a neural network achieves an accuracy of 99% and offers a promising hybrid security layer against password vulnerability.
Introduction of a Novel Figure of Merit for the Assessment of Transparent Conductive Electrodes in Photovoltaics: Exact and Approximate Form
Authors: Anand Aman , Islam Md Moidul , Meitzner Rico , Schubert Ulrich S. , Hoppe Harald
Published: June 2021

Transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) are key components of photovoltaic devices. Being transparent, they allow light to enter the device, and being conductive, they allow the photocurrent generated to be drawn into the outer electric circuit. Ideally, TCEs exhibit maximum light transmission and conductivity at the same time. However, both properties have to be balanced. Depending on the photovoltaic material system, the selection of the most suitable TCE is crucial and is assessed by so‐called figures‐of‐merit (FOM). Here, a novel and exact FOM that explicitly considers the impact on photovoltaic performance is proposed. This novel FOM exhibits several useful attributes, among them: i) proportionality to the potential power output of the photovoltaic device, ii) normalization with regard to the theoretically ultimately attainable photovoltaic performance and, thus, it provides above all iii) meaningful guidance for the development of advanced TCEs. Based on the exact FOM, the transition sheet resistance is defined as the parameter, which separates the so‐far unidentified two regimes of TCE operation: transmittance versus conductance limited. An overview of realized state‐of‐the‐art semitransparent electrodes is reassessed and compared herein. Furthermore, the TCE requirements for various photovoltaic material systems are assessed in dependence on the spectral range of their operation.