bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double‐Armed Benzo‐15‐crown‐5 Ligands and Complexes and Single Crystal Structure Determination
Authors: Şahin Duygu , Süzen Yasemin , Hayvalı Zeliha
Published: December 2013

This work describes the syntheses and characterizations of double‐armed benzo‐15‐crown‐5 containing nitro (1), amine (2), and imine (3–5) groups, and their sodium complexes (1a–5a). Structures of the ligands (1–5) and sodium complexes (1a–5a) were identified via elemental analyses, and infrared, 1H‐ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C‐NMR, and mass spectrometry. The metal extractions were examined by using ultravoilet–visible spectrophotometry. Single crystal for 2 was successfully obtained, and its X‐ray crystal structure was resolved. The compound 2 crystallizes in triclinic, space group p‐1 with a = 9.1420(3), b = 14.9580(4), c = 20.4110(5), and Z = 4.
Novel Naphthol‐Based Bicyclic Phosphonates
Authors: Sadykova Yulia M. , Dalmatova Natalia V. , Nagimova Milyausha F. , Voronina Yulia K. , Burilov Alexander R. , Pudovik Michael A. , Sinyashin Оleg G.
Published: December 2013

Condensation of naphthol‐1 and naphthol‐2 with 2‐ethoxyvinyphosphonic acid dichloroanhydride in boiling toluene in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid has resulted in high yields of unknown bicyclic phosphonates. Composition and structure of the products obtained were confirmed according to 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray analysis.
The overall pathological status of the left hippocampus determines preoperative verbal memory performance in left mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Witt Juri‐Alexander , Coras Roland , Schramm Johannes , Becker Albert J. , Elger Christian E. , Blümcke Ingmar , Helmstaedter Christoph
Published: December 2013

Studies on hippocampal cell loss in epilepsy have produced diverging evidence as to which subfields are specifically related to memory. This may be due to rather small and often heterogeneous samples, or to different memory measures. Therefore, the current study examined hippocampal cell densities and memory in a large sample of patients with solely mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), employing measures with proven sensitivity to mesiotemporal pathology. In 104 patients who had undergone epilepsy surgery for mTLE, we evaluated the role of segmental hippocampal cell loss and its underlying factor structure with regard to presurgical verbal and figural memory while controlling for side‐of‐surgery and hemispheric dominance. First of all, patients showed material‐specific memory impairment concordant with the lateralization of epilepsy. Factor analysis of segmental cell loss revealed a single factor reflecting the overall integrity of the hippocampus. The overall pathological status of the left hippocampus correlated with verbal memory parameters (r = 0.33–0.34, P < 0.05), especially when controlling for atypical hemispheric dominance (r = 0.50–0.57, P < 0.01), and explained up to 33% of the observed variance. Further analyses revealed no superior role of a single subfield or cell loss pattern for memory performance. No systematic relations between neuronal cell densities of the right hippocampus and memory function were found, nor did left or right hippocampal pathology explain figural memory parameters. The results suggest that the overall pathological status of the left hippocampus – rather than a specific subfield pathology – is predictive for verbal memory in mTLE. The finding that figural memory parameters, although sensitive to right mTLE, were not related to neuronal cell densities of the right hippocampus, puts the left/right hippocampus verbal/nonverbal memory dichotomy into perspective. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
2014 M&A Roundup: What Is the Board's Role?
Authors: Schmid Alexandra S. , Sánchez Carol M. , Goldberg Stephen R.
Published: December 2013

The authors discuss recent M&A activity and the outlook for 2014. They then take a close look at one critical factor that might still sour many M&A deals in 2014: the lack of involvement of corporate boards of directors. How can directors help to manage the risks of M&A activity? What should they do? © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Respiratory‐Gated Noncontrast SPACE MR Angiography Sequence at 3T for Evaluation of the Central Veins of the Chest: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Kim Charles Y. , Bashir Mustafa R. , Heye Tobias , Dale Brian M. , Nichols Holly L. , Merkle Elmar M.
Published: December 2013

Purpose

To evaluate the feasibility of a respiratory‐gated noncontrast magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) sequence for imaging the central veins of the chest.

Materials and Methods

Eleven healthy subjects underwent MRA of the central veins of the chest with a respiratory‐gated noncontrast (SPACE) sequence. Qualitative visualization and signal homogeneity of each central venous segment were scored by two radiologists on a scale of 1–4. Signal‐to‐noise and contrast‐to‐noise ratios (SNR and CNR) were also calculated. Retrospective review of our imaging database revealed 13 patients with suspected pathology of the central veins who underwent a clinical MRA examination using the SPACE sequence as well as reference standard central venous imaging with contrast‐enhanced MRA or conventional venography.

Results

In healthy subjects, all central venous segments demonstrated good to excellent venous visualization and homogeneity scores with the noncontrast SPACE sequence. The mean SNR and CNR of the central venous system were 192.7 and 175.0, respectively. In the 13 clinical examinations, the sensitivity and specificity for detection of stenosis or occlusions was 100% and 100% for reader 1 and 95% and 91% for reader 2, respectively.

Conclusion

The respiratory‐gated noncontrast SPACE sequence provided excellent imaging characteristics of the central veins in healthy subjects with promising diagnostic accuracy in patients with central venous pathology. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:67–73. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A 2D FEM analysis of electromechanical signatures in induction motors under dynamic eccentricity
Authors: Martinez Javier , Belahcen Anouar , Detoni Joaquim , Arkkio Antero
Published: December 2013

This paper presents a finite element model for the development of stator current diagnosis techniques based on the spectral analysis of the state variables on induction motor. Non‐linearities terms existing in the stator current due to the fault are analysed and concluding that these indicators can lead to a frequency matching of harmonics related to broken bar fault. In addition, this paper covers the limitations that two‐dimensional finite element models are having with respect to conical eccentricity and axial effects in the electric device. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quasi‐TEM Rectangular Waveguides with Frequency Selective Surface Walls: Part I–Electrical Properties and Geometrical Characteristics
Authors: Li Duochuan , Khaddaj Mallat Nazih , Wu Ke
Published: December 2013

Electrical properties and geometrical characteristics of frequency‐selective‐surface‐loaded quasi‐transverse electromagnetic (TEM) rectangular waveguides are investigated in detail. The properties of electrical field distributions over the cross section of waveguides at various periodical phase shift points are studied. The phenomena, in connection with artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), cavity resonance, and surface resonance, are discussed. A definition of bandwidth for AMC is proposed on the basis of the variation of average z‐polarized electric fields along z‐axis between two side dielectric surfaces. Standard deviation technique is used to describe the uniformity of electrical fields and cavity efficiency is defined to represent the percentage of useful cavity with uniform electrical fields. The dispersion relationship, bandwidths of AMC and single mode, and cavity efficiency for various types of AMC surfaces are examined and compared. The geometrical characteristics of quasi‐TEM waveguides are studied in both theory and experiment. Design rules for high‐quality quasi‐TEM waveguides are proposed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Autophagy during early stages contributes to bovine viral diarrhea virus replication in MDBK cells
Authors: Fu Qiang , Shi Huijun , Zhang Hui , Ren Yan , Guo Fei , Qiao Jun , Jia Bin , Wang Pengyan , Chen Chuangfu
Published: December 2013

Autophagy (or autophagocytosis) is an essential and precise control process by which cells degrade unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components or organelles in the cytoplasm in response to nutrient depletion, exogenous pathogens, or other stimuli. This process results in the removal of damaged or surplus organelles and macromolecular complexes via a lysosome‐dependent mechanism. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a ssRNA virus of the Flaviviridae family (genus Pestivirus). BVDV infection results in major economic losses due to poor reproductive performance and poor calf performance in cattle herds. In our previous studies, we have shown that BVDV NADL infection significantly increases autophagy in MDBK cells. To further define the interactions between autophagy and BVDV infection, we investigated the effects of autophagy on the replication of BVDV NADL. The findings showed that autophagy was inhibited by treatment with 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) or wortmannin and that the knockdown of LC3 and Beclin1 using lentivirus‐mediated RNA interference (RNAi) suppressed BVDV NADL replication. In contrast, the findings showed the replication of BVDV NADL was significantly increased by treatment with the autophagy inducer rapamycin within 18 h post‐infection (pi). However, the mRNA levels of BVDV NADL 5′UTRs showed a downward trend after 18 h pi, and this effect was reversed by chloroquine treatment. Therefore, we inferred that infection with BVDV NADL increases autophagy, which in turn favors BVDV NADL replication at early stages.
Carbon nanotubes as SPE sorbents for the extraction of salicylic acid from river water
Authors: Caballero‐Díaz Encarnación , Valcárcel Miguel
Published: December 2013

This paper deals with the ability of different types of carbon nanotubes to adsorb salicylic acid in river water samples. The use of these nanoparticles as a sorbent in a SPE procedure prior to CE analysis is essential for improving the enrichment factor and the recovery values. Several experimental variables were optimized in order to maximize the extraction efficiency. The proposed analytical method is simple, fast, and entails low solvent consumption. Furthermore, salicylic acid could be extracted from river water providing good recovery values in the range from 76.2 to 102.0% (RSD<8.2%). The combination of the specific chemical properties of analyte and the unique physicochemical features of carbon nanotubes sheds new light on the use of these nanoparticles as excellent sorbent materials of pharmaceutical compounds in environmental matrices.
Voice outcomes following laser cordectomy for early glottic cancer: A physical model investigation
Authors: Mendelsohn Abie H. , Xuan Yue , Zhang Zhaoyan
Published: December 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

The voice effects following laser cordectomy for early glottic cancer are poorly described. We investigated the voice outcomes of subligamentous cordectomy of progressive anterior–posterior extent of excision.

Study Design

Physical phonatory modeling.

Methods

The influence of vocal fold surgical defects and corresponding scar was experimentally investigated using a self‐oscillating physical model of the vocal folds and compared with the baseline model without defects or scar.

Results

Results showed that increasing anterior–posterior extent of resection increased phonation threshold pressure and flow rate and reduced excitation of high‐order harmonics, resulting in a more breathy and rough voice production. However, it was found that voice production was improved with the placement of scar, which increased both excitation of high‐order harmonics and the harmonic‐to‐noise ratio.

Conclusions

Although large anterior–posterior surgical resections resulted in progressive impact on vocal measures, a limited excision of the vocal fold cover surprisingly demonstrated minimal voice changes. Further investigations are required to define the acceptable extent of surgical resection that may result in optimal voice outcomes.

Level of Evidence

N/A Laryngoscope, 124:1882–1886, 2014
Short sleep duration is associated with decreased serum leptin, increased energy intake and decreased diet quality in postmenopausal women
Authors: Stern Jennifer H. , Grant Andriene S. , Thomson Cynthia A. , Tinker Lesley , Hale Lauren , Brennan Kathleen M. , Woods Nancy F. , Chen Zhao
Published: December 2013

Objective

Short sleep duration induces hormonal perturbations contributing to hyperphagia, insulin resistance, and obesity. The majority of these studies are conducted in young adults. This analysis in a large (n = 769) sample of postmenopausal women (median age 63 years) sought to (a) confirm that sleep duration and sleep quality are negatively correlated with circulating leptin concentrations and (b) to examine the relationship between self‐reported sleep, dietary energy intake, and diet quality, as well as, investigate the role of leptin in these associations.

Methods

Sleep duration/quality, insomnia, and dietary intake were determined via self‐report. Blood samples were collected following an overnight fast to assess serum leptin concentration. All analyses were adjusted for total body fat mass.

Results

Women reporting ≤6 hr sleep/night had lower serum leptin concentrations than those reporting ≥8 hr sleep (P = 0.04). Furthermore, those with ≤6 hr sleep/night reported higher dietary energy intake (P = 0.01) and lower diet quality (P = 0.04) than the reference group (7 hr sleep/night). Women sleeping ≥8 hr also reported lower diet quality than the reference group (P = 0.02). Importantly, serum leptin did not confound these associations.

Conclusions

These results provide evidence that sleep duration is inversely associated with serum leptin and dietary energy intake in postmenopausal women.
Project Manager Profile Characterization in the Construction Sector in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: González Germán Eduardo Giraldo , Casas Gabriel Humberto Pulido , Coronado César Augusto Leal
Published: December 2013

This study aims to describe and evaluate the characteristics (educational background, training, skills, and experience) that make up the project manager profile in the construction sector in Bogotá, Colombia. This study is based on a project management literature review, expert interviews and surveys with a group of project managers in the construction sector, and comparisons between them. This evaluation aims to contribute to the development of a clearer definition of the project manager profile in the Colombian context. The identified project manager profile satisfies the essential desired characteristics with some particular weaknesses related to education and training in project management.
Effect of old attached mortar on the creep of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Fan Yuhui , Xiao Jianzhuang , Tam Vivian W. Y.
Published: December 2013

This paper first presents an experimental study on the shrinkage and creep behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with different recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentages (i.e. 0 %, 33 %, 66 %, 100 %). The experimental results reveal that increasing the RCA replacement percentage can increase the shrinkage and creep of RAC. A numerical method for creep behaviour with old adhering mortar is also proposed by analysing the influence mechanism of creep and the volume content of old adhering mortar on the creep of RAC. It is found that the RAC creep is significantly influenced by old adhering mortar properties and its volume content. Finally, a numerical model of RAC creep is established by considering the influence of mechanical properties and the creep behaviour of old adhering mortar. It is proved that this model can calculate the creep of RAC.
Goffman on Emotions: The Pride‐Shame System
Authors: Scheff Thomas
Published: December 2013

This essay proposes that Goffman's basic method was the intuitive recognition of generic examples of social interaction. This focus on examples, when considered from the point of view of two of Cooley's general propositions, helps explain the meaning of Goffman's metaphor of theatrical performance, and his insistence on the risk of shame in all interaction. These ideas make sense following Pascal's emphasis on the intuitive element in finding new knowledge, and Spinoza's part/whole idea. This latter approach leads to what will be called the Goffman/Cooley conjecture: we run the risk of shame in all human interaction. Although they didn't explain why, it seems that the pace of modern alienated societies punishes the mammalian urge that humans have for connectedness (pride) with others. These ideas seem to be supported by studies by Helen Lewis and Norbert Elias, and by my own recent study of Ngrams. As Elias's study proposed, virtually all shame is hidden in modern societies. The idea of hidden shame requires a new definition of shame that is quite different than vernacular usage.
Single molecule mechanical manipulation for studying biological properties of proteins, DNA, and sugars
Authors: Scholl Zackary N. , Li Qing , Marszalek Piotr E.
Published: December 2013

For over 20 years there has been immense biological insight gained using single molecule mechanical measurements to understand properties of biomolecules. This review outlines the field of single molecule mechanics studies and focuses on the manipulation of proteins, DNA, and sugars by single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The methods and examples of SMFS by AFM are illustrated using recent advances in protein science including titin elasticity, mechanical unfolding and refolding of α‐helical repeat proteins, mechanoenzymatics of thioredoxin and titin kinase, and intermolecular interactions of P‐selectin complexes. The possibilities of SMFS to investigate the mechanics of other biopolymers like double‐ and single‐stranded DNA and forced‐induced conformational changes in sugars are also discussed. Finally, SMFS and its application to biological processes, like DNA replication, packing and transcription, and DNA methylation are illustrated. These measurements provide a unique and integral part of the development of our knowledge of biochemistry and molecular mechanics.

This article is categorized under:

Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale

Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Effects of Deuterium Oxide on the Oxidative Stability and Change of Headspace Volatiles of Corn Oil
Authors: Kim JiYoung , Kim Mi‐Ja , Lee JaeHwan
Published: December 2013

Effects of deuterium oxide and deuterium oxide‐free water on the oxidative stability and formation of headspace volatiles were determined for corn oils to evaluate the role of moisture as an active influential factors during lipid oxidation. Mixtures of corn oil and water with different ratios of deuterium oxide were prepared, and the mixtures were stored at 60 °C for 2 days. Headspace oxygen contents, conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) values, and p‐anisidine values (p‐AV) were analyzed as a measure of oxidative stability, and headspace volatiles were analyzed by solid phase microextraction and a gas chromatography mass selective detector to determine the involvement of deuterium in volatiles. Deuterium oxide accelerated the rate of lipid oxidation in corn oil compared to oils with deuterium‐free water based on the results of headspace oxygen content, CDA, p‐AV, and total volatile content. Fragmented mass to charge ratios (m/z) of 73.1/72.1 for d1‐pentane/pentane and 57.0/56.0 for d1‐2‐propenal/2‐propenal from samples containing deuterium oxide were significantly higher than those from deuterium oxide‐free water, implying that moisture participated to form volatiles in corn oil oxidation under air‐tight condition. Deuterium oxide appeared to accelerate the rate of lipid oxidation in corn oils and participated to form volatiles from oils during oxidation.
High trans,trans Conjugated Linoleic Acid‐Rich Triacylglyceride Production by Photo‐Irradiation
Authors: Shah Utkarsh , Proctor Andrew , Yettella Ramesh R.
Published: December 2013

Recent studies have shown that a 20 % trans,trans conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)‐rich soy oil significantly reduces heart disease and diabetes risk factors in obese rats. Furthermore, trans,trans‐CLA has been reported to have superior anti‐carcinogenic activity than other CLA isomers. Therefore, a more concentrated source of trans,trans‐CLA oil would be highly desirable. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the yield of trans,trans‐CLA isomers resulting from photo‐irradiation of Tonalin® (BASF Global, Florham Park, NJ, USA) and identify trans,trans‐CLA positional isomers; and (2) derive a mathematical model of kinetics of trans,trans‐CLA TAG formation from Tonalin®. Fifty‐five percent trans,trans‐CLA rich oil was obtained in about 140 min when Tonalin® was photo‐isomerized with 0.35 % iodine, which is almost three times more than is possible with photo‐isomerized soy oil. Photo‐isomerization of Tonalin® requires about 2 h, compared to 12 h for photo‐isomerization of soy oil. This reaction is a first‐order reversible reaction with the forward rate constant (kf) = 13.17 × 10−3min−1 and backward rate constant (kb) = 5.334 × 10−3min−1. The major isomers identified were trans‐9,trans‐11‐ and trans‐10,trans‐12‐CLA.
Associations between brain morphology and outcome in schizophrenia in a general population sample
Authors: Jääskeläinen E. , Juola P. , Kurtti J. , Haapea M. , Kyllönen M. , Miettunen J. , Tanskanen P. , Murray G.K. , Huhtaniska S. , Barnes A. , Veijola J. , Isohanni M.
Published: December 2013

Objective

To analyse associations between brain morphology and longitudinal and cross-sectional measures of outcomes in schizophrenia in a general population sample.

Methods

The sample was the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. In 1999–2001, structural brain MRI and measures of clinical and functional outcomes were analysed for 54 individuals with schizophrenia around the age of 34. Sex, total grey matter, duration of illness and the use of antipsychotic medication were used as covariates.

Results

After controlling for multiple covariates, increased density of the left limbic area was associated with less hospitalisations and increased total white matter volume with being in remission. Higher density of left frontal grey matter was associated with not being on a disability pension and higher density of the left frontal lobe and left limbic area were related to better functioning. Higher density of the left limbic area was associated with better longitudinal course of illness.

Conclusions

This study, based on unselected general population data, long follow-up and an extensive database, confirms findings of previous studies, that morphological abnormalities in several brain structures are associated with outcome. The difference in brain morphology in patients with good and poor outcomes may reflect separable aetiologies and developmental trajectories in schizophrenia.
Maternal serum AGEs levels in pregnancies associated with neural tube defects
Authors: Li Rulin , Yang Peiyao , Chen Xuyang , Wang Li
Published: December 2013

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) plays an important role in diabetic embryopathy. AGE‐mediated DNA damage could be a significant factor in the teratogenicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the AGEs level and neural tube defects (NTDs) occurrence risk. Forty‐eight mothers with NTD‐affected pregnancies and 50 normal mothers were selected in this study. Blood were collected from the mothers and were assayed for serum AGEs, malondiadehyde (MDA) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Data were analyzed by logistic regression method. The study indicated that there were significant but modest lower prevalence for cases mothers on age, BMI and glucose levels compared with controls. NTD‐affected mothers were significantly more likely to have higher AGEs levels (5.6 ± 0.48 AU vs. 4.6 ± 0.68 AUρ< 0.01) than controls. The AGEs levels were not correlated with MDA and HbA1c in NTDs mothers (r2= 0.0006p= 0.8691 andr2= 0.001p= 0.8172, respectively). The conclusion is that AGEs might be associated with NTDs occurrence.
Prevalence and complications of gallstone disease among pregnant women in a Nigerian hospital
Authors: Ibitoye Bolanle O. , Adisa Adewale O. , Makinde Olufemiwa N. , Ijarotimi Adebimpe O.
Published: December 2013

Objective

To determine the prevalence of gallstone disease and its complications among pregnant women in a semi‐urban Nigerian setting.

Methods

Consecutive consenting pregnant women presenting at the prenatal clinic of a Nigerian tertiary hospital were recruited over an 18‐month period. During routine obstetric ultrasound, the presence of gallstones and/or associated sequelae was investigated. Patients’ sociodemographic data and hemoglobin genotype were documented.

Results

Overall, 1283 pregnant women (14–43 years of age) were included in the study. Thirty‐seven (2.9%) had sonographic evidence of gallstones, 26 (2%) had biliary sludge, and 2 (0.2%) had gallbladder polyps. Twenty‐one (56.8%) of the 37 women with gallstones were 30 years of age or younger. Only 1 (1.2%) of 85 selected women in the first trimester of pregnancy with no gallstones who were followed throughout pregnancy developed gallstones in the third trimester. Overall, 3 (0.2%) women had clinical and radiologic evidence of acute calculous cholecystitis, 2 of whom underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy after delivery.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrated a low prevalence of gallstone disease and its acute complications among pregnant Nigerian women in a semi‐urban setting.
Evaluation of sucralfate enema in experimental diversion colitis
Authors: Pereira José Aires , Rodrigues Murilo Rocha , Sato Daniela Tiemi , Júnior Paulo Pedroso Silveira , Dias Alice Moreira , Silva Camila Gonçalves da , Martinez Carlos Augusto Real
Published: December 2013

Diversion colitis (DC) is an inflammatory disease that develops in segments with fecal diversion. Sucralfate (SCF) complex, which consists of sucrose octasulfate and polyaluminum hydroxide, has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of different forms of colitis. However, until now, the effects of SCF have not been evaluated in DC.

Objective to evaluate whether the use of enemas containing SFC improves histological findings in experimental DC.

Methods Thirty-six rats underwent right colon bypass procedure through the creation of a proximal colostomy and a distal mucous fistula. The animals were divided into two groups according to the euthanization procedure to be performed two to four weeks after surgery. Each experimental group was divided into three subgroups of six animals, which were submitted to daily application of enemas containing saline solution 0.9% or SCF at concentrations of 1.0 g/kg/day or 2.0 g/kg/day, respectively. The diagnosis of DC in segments with fecal diversion was established by histopathological study considering the following

variables epithelial loss, formation of crypt abscesses, the population of goblet cells, inflammatory infiltrate and presence of fibrosis. For statistical analysis, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, with a significance level of 5% (p <0.05).

Results It was observed that the daily application of SCF enemas decreased epithelial loss, formation of colon crypt abscesses, inflammatory infiltrate and tissue fibrosis (p <0.05), unrelated to time of intervention. The intervention with SCF preserves the goblet cell population. The effects of the substance on the preservation of colonic epithelium; the decrease in the inflammatory process and subsequent abscess formation in the colon crypts are associated with the concentration used, whereas tissue fibrosis decrease is associated with the concentration and time of intervention.

Conclusion Preventive application of SCF enemas reduces the inflammatory process in the colon with fecal diversion
Implementation of a Colorectal Laparoscopic Surgical Program short-term Outcomes and Conversion rates
Authors: Alves Adriana Cherem , Queiroz Fábio Lopes de , Oliveira Teon Augusto Noronha de , França-Neto Paulo Rocha , Lamounier Paulo César de Carvalho , Lacerda-Filho Antônio
Published: December 2013

Purpose: although laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of colorectal diseases represents a major advance, it is currently performed in less than a third of patients undergoing colectomies. The aim of this study is to analyze the initial results of laparoscopic-assisted colorectal surgeries (LACS) performed in a department of Coloproctology in a tertiary hospital, as well as to study the impact of age, gender and body mass index (BMI) and use of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices in relation to conversion rate.

Methods: this is a prospective observational study with 215 patients who underwent LACS between January 2006 and June 2010 in the Department of Coloproctology at Felicio Rocho Hospital, Belo Horizonte. The data obtained from a specific electronic database included demographics, diagnosis, use of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices, reason for conversion, duration of hospitalization, lymph node harvest in cancer specimens, complications, and deaths.

Results: the laparoscopic-assisted approach corresponded to 36.4% of all colorectal surgeries performed during the study period. Most patients were female (74%), with a mean age of 53.2 years. Ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices were used in 32% of LACS. Specimen extraction and anastomosis were performed through an auxiliary incision in most cases.The overall conversion rate was 12%, with a decrease of 47% after the first year. We did not observe any association between conversion rate and age, gender, BMI, and the use of ultrasonic scissors and vessel sealing devices. The average hospital stay was of 7.7 days and the overall rate of complications was 20%, including 10 anastomotic leaks (4.65%). The rate of postoperative mortality was 1.86%.

Conclusions: despite the difficulties related to the learning curve and unavailability of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices in most cases, the implementation of LACS in our department can be considered successful in relation to short-term results and conversion rates.
Quality of Life Analysis in Ostomized Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Kimura Cristilene Akiko , Kamada Ivone , Guilhem Dirce , Monteiro Pedro Sadi
Published: December 2013

Introduction the oncological patient submitted to ostomy faces multiple losses which affect their quality of life.

Objective: assess quality of life in ostomized patients due to colorectal cancer, regarding the physical, psychological, social and environmental relationships, treated at the Ostomy Program of the Health Department of Distrito Federal, Brazil.

Methods: epidemiological-based, analytical, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The sample consisted of 54 patients enrolled in the Ostomy Program of the Health Department of Distrito Federal - Brazil. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to evaluate quality of life. Data was analyzed by Microsoft ® Office Excel 2010 and SPSS 20.0.

Results: the Physical, Social and Environmental aspects were correlated to the mean score, resulting in statistical significance (p<0.0001). The item “Positive feelings” in the Psychological Domain was the only one that did not achieve statistical significance.

Conclusion: the results demonstrate that the care of cancer patients with ostomies should focus on the technical-scientific, political and socio-educational actions, to allow a multidisciplinary team to recognize health as a right for all, working to guarantee the health care process.
Neoadjuvant Therapy and Surgery in Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Analysis of Patients with Complete Tumor Remission
Authors: de Andrade V.A. , Leal R.F. , Fagundes J.J. , Rodrigues Coy C.S. , de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono M.
Published: December 2013

Introduction: the standard treatment for locally advanced extra-peritoneal rectal adenocarcinoma, consists of neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision.

Objective: evaluate, retrospectively, the patients submitted to neoadjuvant therapy and surgery that presents with total remission of the lesion in the anatomopathological examination.

Methods: between 2000 and 2010, 212 patients underwent surgery at the Coloproctology Unit at DMAD at FCM–UNICAMP. They were grouped as: rectosigmoidectomy and colorectal anastomosis (n = 54), rectosigmoidectomy with coloanal anastomosis (n = 41), 114 abdominoperineal resection of the rectum (n = 114) and other (n = 3).

Results: thirty (14.2%) patients (mean age 57.6 years; 60% males) showed complete remission of the rectal lesion. 4 (13.3%) had compromised lymph nodes and/or lymphatic invasion

At follow-up (mean 51.9 months), 4 (13.3%) presented with local recurrence (one patient) or distant metastases (two patients had liver metastasis, one had liver and lung, and one had bone metastasis). The mean survival was 86.7%.

Conclusion: patients with a complete tumor response show ed an increased survival rate, however, the same patients without evidence of residual tumors could develop local recurrence or distant metastases on a later follow-up.
Recurrent Aggressive Angiomyxoma*
Authors: Alencar Suelene Suassuna Silvestre de , Corrêa Romualdo da Silva , Menezes Emanuela Simone Cunha de , Nascimento Antonio Luiz do , Costa Davi Aragão Alves da , Alencar Marcelo José Carlos
Published: December 2013

Introduction: aggressive angiomyxoma is a highly aggressive, rare neoplasm of the mesenchymal tissue with a high recurrence rate. It represents an important differential diagnosis of pelvic tumors in women of reproductive age. This study aims to describe a case of aggressive angiomyxoma.

Case report: woman, 37 years old, complained about a bulge on the right perianal region, and anal itching and burning, bleeding, tenesmus and incontinence. The proctologic examination confirmed the perianal bulge and extrinsic compression of the posterior wall of the rectum. Computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis showed a well-defined pelvic mass extending to the right rectal area. Exploratory laparotomy showed a mass of fibro elastic consistency adjacent to the pelvic organs and closely attached to the distal rectum, and performed a resection of the pelvic tumor afterward. Anatomopathological analysis revealed an aggressive angiomyxoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis showed signs of recurrence in the pelvic cavity on the right side of the rectum. A surgical procedure was performed to resect the lesion. After an asymptomatic period, the MRI showed solid growths located in the right ischiorectal fossa. A new surgical procedure identified only retention cysts in the pelvis and right ischiorectal fossa, only lysis of adhesions was performed. The patient is currently undergoing follow-up without disease recurrence.
Biological Therapy for Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: Krüger Naw Ally , Marchi Jacqueline Jéssica De , Souza Mardem Machado de
Published: December 2013

Introduction: pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare and severe neutrophilic dermatosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and hematological malignancies. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and exclusion of other skin disorders. There is no gold standard for the treatment of PG; traditionally intravenous corticosteroids are used, but recently the use of drugs that inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has changed the management of PG, showing great effectiveness.

Case report: female patient, 23 years old, diagnosed with severe nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC) three years ago, undergoing treatment with oral mesalamine and azathioprine. She developed PG fourteen days after hospital discharge; hospitalization was due to worsening of intestinal disease symptoms. She was successfully treated using biological therapy after unfavorable evolution with corticosteroid therapy.

Conclusion: PG, a rare extraintestinal manifestation of IBD of difficult resolution that has significant impact on patient quality of life. The use of biological therapy for PG has higher efficacy in the treatment of patients decreasing wound healing time and return to daily activities.
Transanal minimally-invasive surgery (TAMIS): Technique and results from an initial experience
Authors: Mendes Carlos Ramon Silveira , Ferreira Luciano Santana de Miranda , Sapucaia Ricardo Aguiar , Lima Meyline Andrade , Araujo Sergio Eduardo Alonso
Published: December 2013

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a minimally-invasive approach for rectal lesions. Superior exposure and access to the entire rectum result in lesser risk of compromised margins and lower recurrence rates, when compared to conventional transanal excision. The aim of this study was to describe a single institution's initial experience with transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS). This was a prospective review of our database. Eleven procedures from January 2012 to June 2013 were analyzed.

Results eleven operations were completed. Five men were evaluated. Mean age was 62.9 (40-86). Mean follow-up was 9.3 (2-17) months. Average tumor size was 3.8 (1.8-8) cm. Mean distance from anal verge was 6.3 (3-12) cm. Mean operating time was 53.73 (28-118) min. Postoperative complication rate was 9.1%. There were no readmissions. Mortality was null. Operative pathology disclosed the presence of adenoma in four patients, invasive adenocarcinoma in two, neuroendocrine carcinoma in three, and no residual lesion in one case. TAMIS is a minimallyinvasive procedure with low postoperative morbidity at the initial experience. TAMIS is a curative procedure for benign lesions and for selected early cancers. It is useful after neoadjuvant therapy for strictly selected cancers, pending the results of multi-institutional trials.
What are the risk factors for readmission in patients with an ileostomy?
Authors: Campos-Lobato Luiz Felipe de , Alves-Ferreira Patricia Cristina , Oliveira Paulo Gonçalves de , Sousa João Batista de , Vogel Jon D.
Published: December 2013

Purpose the aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for readmission among patients submitted to colorectal surgery.

Methods a single-center colorectal quality-assessment database was queried for patients undergoing colorectal procedures with ileostomy during 2009. the sample was divided into readmitted vs. non-readmitted. readmission was defined as admission within the first 30 days after the index procedure. Groups were compared by pre, intra and postoperative characteristics. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for readmission.

Results the query returned 496 patients, [267 (54%) males, median age 48 years (iQr: 34-60)]. Eighty-three (17%) were readmitted; 296 patients (60%), were operated due to inflammatory bowel disease, 89 (18%) for cancer, 16 (3%) for diverticular disease and 95 (19%) for other diagnosis. the three most common procedures were total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (iPAA) in 103 patients (21%), total colectomy with end ileostomy in 117 (24%) and small bowel resections (including enterocutaneous fistula takedown and J-pouch excision) in 149 (30%). the following variables were significantly more common in readmitted patients: current smoking (24% vs. 14%, p = 0.02), postoperative DVt/PE (10% vs. 4%, p = 0.04), wound infection (20% vs. 10% p = 0.01), sepsis (22% vs. 8% p < 0.001) and organ or space surgical site infection (orgSSi) (35% vs. 5%, p < 0.001). Postoperative orgSSi was the only independent factor associated with readmission in a multivariate analysis (p < 0.001).

Conclusion colorectal surgeons should be alert for orgSSi when facing an ileostomy patient readmitted after a colorectal procedure.
Enhanced anticancer activity of a combination of docetaxel and Aneustat (OMN54) in a patient‐derived, advanced prostate cancer tissue xenograft model
Authors: Qu Sifeng , Wang Kendric , Xue Hui , Wang Yuwei , Wu Rebecca , Liu Chengfei , Gao Allen C. , Gout Peter W. , Collins Colin C. , Wang Yuzhuo
Published: December 2013

The current first‐line treatment for advanced metastatic prostate cancer, i.e. docetaxel‐based therapy, is only marginally effective. The aim of the present study was to determine whether such therapy can be improved by combining docetaxel with Aneustat (OMN54), a multivalent botanical drug candidate shown to have anti‐prostate cancer activity in preliminary in vitro experiments, which is currently undergoing a Phase‐I Clinical Trial. Human metastatic, androgen‐independent C4‐2 prostate cancer cells and NOD‐SCID mice bearing PTEN‐deficient, metastatic and PSA‐secreting, patient‐derived subrenal capsule LTL‐313H prostate cancer tissue xenografts were treated with docetaxel and Aneustat, alone and in combination. In vitro, Aneustat markedly inhibited C4‐2 cell replication in a dose‐dependent manner. When Aneustat was combined with docetaxel, the growth inhibitions of the drugs were essentially additive. In vivo, however, the combination of docetaxel and Aneustat enhanced anti‐tumor activity synergistically and very markedly, without inducing major host toxicity. Complete growth inhibition and shrinkage of the xenografts could be obtained with the combined drugs as distinct from the drugs on their own. Analysis of the gene expression of the xenografts using microarray indicated that docetaxel + Aneustat led to expanded anticancer activity, in particular to targeting of cancer hallmarks that were not affected by the single drugs. Our findings, obtained with a highly clinically relevant prostate cancer model, suggest, for the first time, that docetaxel‐based therapy of advanced human prostate cancer may be improved by combining docetaxel with Aneustat.
Two of three patients with multiple chemical sensitivity had less symptoms and secondary hyperalgesia after transcranially applied pulsed electromagnetic fields
Authors: Tran Marie Thi Dao , Skovbjerg Sine , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Bech Per , Lunde Marianne , Elberling Jesper
Published: December 2013

Background

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic, disabling condition characterized by recurrent multisystem symptoms triggered by common airborne chemicals. Evidence points towards abnormal sensory processing in the central nervous system (CNS) as a likely pathophysiological mechanism. No effective treatment has yet been reported, but clinical observations suggest that as pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) is a treatment for some CNS disorders (depression and chronic pain), it may also be a treatment modality for MCS.

Methods

In an open case study, the effects of PEMF were assessed in three MCS patients. All cases received 30 min daily treatment 5 days a week for 8 consecutive weeks. Symptoms and functional impairments related to MCS, depressive symptoms, and capsaicin-induced secondary punctate hyperalgesia were assessed at baseline and weekly until an 18-week follow-up.

Results

Two of the three cases showed considerable improvement on all measures of symptoms and functional impairments related to MCS in response to PEMF therapy. One case showed no improvement and during the treatment period was unexpectedly diagnosed with depression.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate potential benefits of PEMF therapy in MCS.

Implication

The therapeutic effect of PEMF in MCS needs to be investigated by a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Study of the oral carriage of Candida sp. in dental students and staff—Identification of Candida sp. and background survey
Authors: Majima Toshiro , Ito‐Kuwa Shoko , Nagatomi Ryoichi , Nakamura Kenjirou
Published: December 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between oral candidal carriage in able‐bodied persons (dental students and staff) and health condition using a epidemiological method with questionnaire, and use the results for an educational campaign for the promotion of health.

Methods: The candidal carriage was examined by culture method using swabs from tongue surfaces. The identification of Candida spp. of the culture positive specimens was performed by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Questionnaire items included age, gender, body mass index, pedometer use, oral conditions, regularity of hospital visits, medication, dental visits, oral care, exercise habits, alcohol habits, and smoking habits.

Results: A total 482 participants were surveyed over a period of two years, males: 269 (mean, 36 years); females: 213 (33 years). Oral candidal carriage was 18.3%. Candida albicans accounted for 80.7% of isolated Candida spp. After analysis using a stepwise method, three items (age, smoking habits, and exercise habits) were selected as the variables in the model. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the three model variables were 1.84 (1.10–3.08) for exercise habits, 1.93 (1.00–3.69) for smoking, and 0.96 (0.94–0.98) for age. Logistic regression analysis suggested an association between candidal carriage, exercise habits, and smoking.

Conclusions: Because lack of exercise, as well as smoking are well‐known to be detrimental factors to the maintenance of good health, candidal carriers do not appear to be in a condition of good health. In other words, candidal carriage may be a health warning.