bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Examination of High-Achieving First-Generation College Students From Low-Income Backgrounds
Authors: Hébert Thomas P.
Published: November 2017

Experiences of 10 high-achieving first-generation college students from low-income backgrounds were the focus of this qualitative research study. Family adversity and difficult personal experiences during adolescence were major themes; however, students benefitted from emotionally supportive K-12 educators and academic rigor in high school. Sustained family pride helped to keep them focused on reaching their goals, as well as intellectual engagement at the university, and influential mentors. The 10 participants developed a strong sense of purpose at the university and graduated well prepared for careers and graduate school. Implications of the findings are presented along with suggestions for designing effective university experiences for talented first-generation students.
Does Increasing Gender Representativeness and Diversity Improve Organizational Integrity?
Authors: Choi Heasun , Hong Sounman , Lee Jung Wook
Published: November 2017

Recent scholarship has suggested that representative bureaucracy improves organizational integrity. This article tests this argument with respect to gender, using data from Korean government agencies from 2008 to 2014. The findings suggest that an increase in female representation and diversity in public organizations leads to an improvement in the measured level of organizational integrity. We found, however, that incidents of sexual harassment and sexual violence in the workplace were positively, not negatively, correlated with increased female representation. This apparent contradiction is explained by the fact that a greater female representation may empower female officials to report unfair treatment or injustice that has hitherto been unreported and tolerated. Finally, the evidence suggests that the positive impact of representative bureaucracy on organizational integrity becomes substantially greater when the agency has a female leader. This suggests that a leader’s gender influences the attitudes and behaviors of gender-congruent street-level bureaucrats.
Speaking proficiency of young language students: A discourse-analytic study
Authors: Hsieh Ching-Ni , Wang Yuan
Published: November 2017

This study investigated a range of fluency, grammar, vocabulary, and content features of young language students’ speaking performances, using a discourse-analytic approach. In total, 179 test takers’ responses to the speaking section of the TOEFL Junior® Comprehensive test were selected for analysis. Mixed-design ANOVAs were used to compare 21 spoken discourse features across four proficiency levels and two task types (i.e., a picture narration task and an integrated listen/speak task). The discourse features largely differentiated test takers across proficiency levels. Task types showed some impact on measures of grammar, vocabulary, and content, but had no influence on features of fluency. Findings of the study have implications for the language development of young second and foreign language students and provide insights into language assessment task design for this population.
Whole body perfusion strategy for aortic arch repair under moderate hypothermia
Authors: Tarola Christopher L. , Losenno Katie L. , Gelinas Jill J. , Jones Philip M. , Fernandes Philip , Fox Stephanie A. , Kiaii Bob , Chu Michael W.A.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Aortic arch reconstruction under moderate hypothermia is commonly performed with antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) for brain protection; however, hypothermia alone is often solely relied upon for visceral and lower body protection. We investigated whether the addition of simultaneous lower body perfusion to ACP (whole body perfusion - WBP) may ameliorate the metabolic derangements of moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA).

Methods:

Between 2008 and 2014, 106 consecutive patients underwent elective or emergent aortic arch surgery with MHCA, with either ACP only (44 patients, 66±12 years, 30% female) or WBP (62 patients, 61±15 years, 31% female). Primary outcomes included 30-day/in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital lengths of stay (LOS) and specific parameters of metabolic recovery.

Results:

There were no significant differences between the groups in 30-day/in-hospital mortality (ACP: 3 (6.8%), WBP: 2 (3.2%); p=0.65), stroke (ACP: 1 (2.3%), WBP: 1 (1.6%); p=1.0) or renal failure (ACP: 2 (4.5%), WBP: 1 (1.5%); p=0.57). In the WBP group, we identified a significant reduction in lactate level at ICU admission (ACP 5.5 vs. WBP 3.5 mmol/L; p=0.002), time to lactate normalization (p=0.014) and median ICU length-of-stay (ACP 3 vs. WBP 1 days; p=0.049). There was no difference in post-operative creatinine (ACP: 104, WBP: 107 μmol/L; p=0.66). After multivariable regression adjustment, perfusion strategy no longer remained an independent predictor of ICU discharge time (p=0.09), however, cardiopulmonary bypass time (p=0.02), age (p=0.012) and emergent surgery (p=0.02) were.

Conclusions:

A WBP strategy during aortic arch reconstruction with MHCA may be associated with more rapid normalization of metabolic parameters and reduced ICU length of stay compared to using ACP alone. Further evaluation with a randomized trial is warranted.
Teacher–student physical contact as an approach for teaching guitar in the master class context
Authors: Zorzal Ricieri , Lorenzo Oswaldo
Published: November 2017

In this study, the role of physical contact between teachers and students in the process of teaching guitar was investigated in the master class context. Thirty-five videotaped guitar master classes were classified into five groups according to student performance level. The musical topics studied in these classes were categorised, and all moments of physical contact between teachers and students were identified. Analyses of variance and non-parametric tests were used to determine the relationship between use of physical contact as a teaching approach and student gender, student performance level, the teacher giving the lesson, and topic presented by the teacher. The results indicated that physical contact was significantly related to the teacher giving the lesson and to guitar performance topics of “nails”, “muscle relaxation”, and “body posture”. However, of these three topics, only “body posture” was significantly related to students’ performance level. Ultimately, the results suggest that the topic presented by the teacher is helpful in determining the gestural behaviour of teachers in a musical instrument class.
On the importance of adjusting for distorting factors in benchmarking analysis, as illustrated by a cost comparison of the different forms of implementation of the EU Packaging Directive
Authors: Baum Heinz-Georg , Schuch Dieter
Published: November 2017

Benchmarking is a proven and widely used business tool for identifying best practice. To produce robust results, the objects of comparison used in benchmarking analysis need to be structurally comparable and distorting factors need to be eliminated. We focus on a specific example – a benchmark study commissioned by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Environment on the implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for packaging at the national level – to discuss potential distorting factors and take them into account in the calculation. The cost of compliance per inhabitant and year, which is used as the key cost efficiency indicator in the study, is adjusted to take account of seven factors. The results clearly show that differences in performance may play a role, but the (legal) implementation of EPR – which is highly heterogeneous across countries – is the single most important cost determinant and must be taken into account to avoid misinterpretation and false conclusions.
Equilibrium model analysis of waste plastics gasification using CO2 and steam
Authors: Kannan P , Lakshmanan G , Al Shoaibi A , Srinivasakannan C
Published: November 2017

Utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2) in thermochemical treatment of waste plastics may significantly help to improve CO2 recycling, thus simultaneously curtailing dioxins/furans and CO2 emissions. Although CO2 is not such an effective gasifying agent as steam, a few investigations have explored the utilization of CO2 in conjunction with steam to achieve somewhat higher carbon conversion. This work presents a comparative evaluation study of CO2 and steam gasification of a typical post-consumer waste plastics mixture using an Aspen Plus equilibrium model. The effect of flow rate of gasifying medium (CO2 and/or steam) and gasification temperature on product gas composition, carbon conversion, and cold gas efficiency has been analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that CO2 can serve as a potential gasifying agent for waste plastics gasification. The resulting product gas was rich in CO whereas CO2–steam blends yield a wider H2/CO ratio, thus extending the applications of the product gas.
Failure of an ACCIS metal-on-metal hip resurfacing prosthesis: A case report
Authors: Bone Martin C , Naylor Andrew
Published: November 2017

The introduction of coatings on joint replacements was intended to reduce wear volumes, prevent corrosion and reduce metal ion release. However, retrieval analysis to confirm their in vivo performance has been limited. The aim of study was to examine the coating on a retrieved hip prosthesis to determine whether substantial damage or wear had occurred. A single advanced ceramic-coated implant systems titanium niobium nitride-coated hip resurfacing prosthesis was retrieved for examination. Wear volumes and surface roughness were measured to quantify the damage to the articulating surfaces. The coating had been completely removed from substantial parts of both the femoral head and the acetabular cup, corresponding to areas of wear as measured by a coordinate measuring machine. The total wear rate (61 mm3/year) was high and corresponded with the high metal ion levels recorded pre-operatively (83 ppb chromium and 110 ppb cobalt). Roughness data indicated that the coating has a lower roughness than the substrate and substantially lower than the boundary between the coating and the substrate. The wear rate is very high and it is likely that damage to the coating resulted in accelerated wear of the prosthesis. No sudden change between the boundary of the substrate and the coating was observed that would indicate delamination or failure of the coating substrate interface layer. While coatings may offer some theoretical benefits, they may also result in catastrophic failure of the prosthesis.
The mechanical response of a polyetheretherketone femoral knee implant under a deep squatting loading condition
Authors: de Ruiter Lennert , Janssen Dennis , Briscoe Adam , Verdonschot Nico
Published: November 2017

The current study was designed to investigate the mechanical response of a polyetheretherketone-on-polyethylene total knee replacement device during a deep squat. Application of this high-demand loading condition can identify weaknesses of the polyetheretherketone relative to cobalt-chromium. This study investigated whether the implant is strong enough for this type of loading, whether cement stresses are considerably changed and whether a polyetheretherketone femoral component is likely to lead to reduced periprosthetic bone loss as compared to a cobalt-chromium component. A finite element model of a total knee arthroplasty subjected to a deep squat loading condition, which was previously published, was adapted with an alternative total knee arthroplasty design made of either polyetheretherketone or cobalt-chromium. The maximum tensile and compressive stresses within the implant and cement mantle were analysed against their yield and fatigue stress levels. The amount of stress shielding within the bone was compared between the polyetheretherketone and cobalt-chromium cases. Relative to its material strength, tensile peak stresses were higher in the cobalt-chromium implant; compressive peak stresses were higher in the polyetheretherketone implant. The stress patterns differed substantially between polyetheretherketone and cobalt-chromium. The tensile stresses in the cement mantle supporting the polyetheretherketone implant were up to 33% lower than with the cobalt-chromium component, but twice as high for compression. Stress shielding was reduced to a median of 1% for the polyetheretherketone implant versus 56% for the cobalt-chromium implant. Both the polyetheretherketone implant and the underlying cement mantle should be able to cope with the stress levels present during a deep squat. Relative to the cobalt-chromium component, stress shielding of the periprosthetic femur was substantially less with a polyetheretherketone femoral component.
Fatal cases of Citrobacter freundii septicemia and encephalitis in sheep
Authors: Liu Huisheng , Zhao Zhanqin , Xue Yun , Ding Ke , Xue Qiao
Published: November 2017

Citrobacter freundii is considered a ubiquitous organism and an opportunistic pathogen. Reports of C. freundii–associated disease in mammals have been very limited. We report an outbreak of C. freundii septicemia and encephalitis in sheep, with a high mortality rate; 13 adult sheep were found dead over a 6-d period on a farm in central China that housed ~1,370 sheep. Three animals were autopsied and showed septicemia, congestion of meningeal vessels, and pleural effusion. C. freundii was isolated in abundance in pure culture from 19 of 21 organs. All 3 C. freundii isolates had similar antimicrobial resistance phenotypes for 10 of the 11 agents tested, and were sensitive to 8 of the 11 agents. We reproduced C. freundii infection in sheep experimentally by oral or subcutaneous inoculation routes, and recovered the challenge organism from all of the experimentally infected sheep. Intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin protected sheep against an otherwise fatal challenge. Our results suggest that C. freundii played a major role in this disease outbreak.
Validation of 2 point-of-care meters for measuring triglycerides in chickens using whole blood and plasma
Authors: Irvine Katherine L. , Mans Christoph , Friedrichs Kristen R.
Published: November 2017

Disorders of the avian reproductive tract are common, yet monitoring their resolution presents a diagnostic dilemma. Reproductive hormones such as luteinizing hormone or estrogen are the best reflection of reproductive status, but the required sample volumes and lack of reference intervals limit their clinical utility. An alternative analyte is blood triglyceride, the concentration of which rises markedly during sustained estrogen release from the ovary. Portable meters for measuring human blood triglyceride concentration offer the advantage of using minimal sample volumes, but these have not been validated for use in birds. We assessed the precision and accuracy of 2 portable meters for measuring blood triglyceride concentration in pooled whole blood and plasma from chickens ( n = 42), and performed method comparison using a reference analyzer and determined total error. Within-run repeatability was fair-to-excellent using whole blood and plasma (range: 2.5–11.5%), and between-run repeatability using plasma was similar (3.1–12.2%). The meters performed well in recovery and dilution studies in which almost all readings fell within the preset requirement of 75–125%. Correlations between each meter, using whole blood and plasma, and the reference analyzer, using plasma only, were high to very high (0.86–0.98). Bias determined by Bland–Altman analysis was similar between whole blood and plasma for each meter, yet markedly different between the meters. The calculated total observed error was consequently within our pre-set total allowable error of 25% for one meter but not the other, indicating the requirement for a meter-specific reference interval.
Aesthetic pleasures and gendered tech-work in the 21st-century smart home
Authors: Strengers Yolande , Nicholls Larissa
Published: November 2017

This article analyses visions of everyday life embedded in the 21st-century smart home, specifically the promoted aspiration to generate escalated aesthetic pleasures or ‘pleasance’, attained through automated and connected devices. We explore the likely outcomes and effects of this vision, drawing on our international content analysis of magazine and online articles and semi-structured interview and tours with households who live in smart homes or use automated technologies. Like the industrial revolution of the home, which arguably created ‘more work for mother’ by increasing cleanliness expectations, we show how the smart home is generating new forms of household work and play. These include researching, upgrading, updating, maintaining and integrating smart home technologies and programming pleasance ‘scenes’ for lighting, security and entertainment. We find that most of this household labour (and leisure) is being performed by men, possibly leading to more work for father.
Self-reported stress among adolescent siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorder and Down syndrome
Authors: Shivers Carolyn M , McGregor Casey , Hough Ashlea
Published: November 2017

Despite the prevalence of studies showing increased stress among mothers of individuals with autism spectrum disorders, few studies have examined general stress among typically developing siblings. This study used an online survey to compare the levels of self-reported stress between adolescent siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorder and Down syndrome. Sibling of individuals with autism reported significantly more overall stress than did siblings of individuals with Down syndrome, as well as more stress specifically attributed to the brother/sister with autism. The two groups did not differ on perceived social support from family and friends. In linear regression models, the disability group (autism vs Down syndrome) was significantly related to sibling stress above and beyond target child behavior problems, perceived social support, and demographic factors. These results help shed light on the daily experiences of adolescent siblings of individuals with autism and call for more research into potential interventions to address increased stress levels.
CLASH: Climate (change) and cultural evolution of intergroup conflict
Authors: van Lange Paul A. M. , Rinderu Maria I. , Bushman Brad J.
Published: November 2017

Aggression and violence levels generally increase as one moves closer to the equator, but why? We developed a new theoretical model, CLimate, Aggression, and Self-control in Humans (CLASH; van Lange, Rinderu, & Bushman, 2017b, 2017c), to understand differences within and between countries in aggression and violence in terms of differences in climate. Colder temperatures, and especially larger degrees of seasonal variation in climate, call for individuals and groups to adopt a slower life history strategy, revealed in a greater focus on the future (vs. present) and a stronger focus on self-control—variables that are known to inhibit aggression and violence. Other variables (e.g., wealth, income inequality, parasite stress) are also linked to both climate differences and to aggression and violence differences. When people think of the consequences of climate change, they rarely think of the impact on aggression and violence levels, but they should. CLASH has broad implications for the effects of climate change on intergroup conflict.
Using technology and structured peer reviews to enhance students’ writing
Authors: Law Sweety , Baer Amy
Published: November 2017

This article reports an initiative to improve student writing by incorporating technology-based structured peer review in the revision process. Although the most important step of writing, the revision step, is overlooked by students for several reasons. We describe a successful 10-week long intervention with students from upper-level undergraduate courses. Effectiveness was assessed by means of a pre- and post-test design, student feedback, and student performance scores. Areas where the intervention was found to have most significant impact were the following: students’ overall ability to make revisions, overall English writing, and feedback skills. Educators would find technology-based peer review helpful by having students learn and apply revision efforts in their written assignments. Benefits and trade-offs of the innovative pedagogy are discussed and directions for future study indicated.
Reimaging socio-spatial planning: Towards a synthesis between sense of place and social sustainability approaches
Authors: Erdiaw-Kwasie Michael Odei , Basson Marita
Published: November 2017

Socio-spatial planning forums are shedding light on how people embrace, contest or reject social changes. These understandings are now being used to explore sense of place and social sustainability approaches in spatial studies, and provide input into the formulation of socio-spatial planning interventions. Research evidence, however, suggests that the integration of elements from each approach into a unified working model can help overcome existing conceptual confusions and revitalise socio-spatial planning processes. Our research therefore seeks to identify these confusions, as well as the supplementary elements in each approach, resulting in the creation of a conceptual framework that reimages socio-spatial planning. We argue that there are elements conceptually linked in each approach that could be re-conceptualised into a more robust framework for socio-spatial planning. The article further proposes that the synthesis will not only negate the shortcomings inherent in each approach but will also provide a more responsive medium for the current dynamic societal context of socio-spatial planning. Our findings advance socio-spatial planning theory and contribute to a foundation for the future research aimed at improving the understanding of background theories.
Numerical modelling of spray sheet deflection on planing hulls
Authors: Olin Linus , Altimira Mireia , Danielsson Jonas , Rosén Anders
Published: November 2017

This paper considers the modelling of spray formation on planing hulls. The focus is on assessing the applicability of the prevailing theories and two-dimensional and three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in the investigation of different design factors for a novel spray deflection concept. The spray deflection concept is presented and its performance is evaluated by comparison with traditional spray rails. It is found that the prevailing theory where the spray field of a planing hull is represented by a two-dimensional flat planing plate will overestimate the spray thickness, whereas the theories that are based on wedge impact are correlating well with the results from the CFD simulations. Compared to a bare hull, adding spray deflectors reduces the viscous resistance by 28% for the studied cases. The spray deflectors further redirect the spray aftwards which reduce the total drag an additional 4%. The paper also discusses various aspects on CFD modelling of spray formation.
An analytical model of a typhoon wind field based on spiral trajectory
Authors: Niu Haiying , Dong Guohai , Ma Xiaozhou , Ma Yuxiang
Published: November 2017

In typhoon risk assessment and warning, a critical component is a good representation of the typhoon wind field model. In this study, a new analytical model based on the logarithmic spiral trajectory model is developed to simulate the surface wind speed distribution of a typhoon. The logarithmic spiral trajectory model could overcome the limitation of the parametric gradient wind model. A slab surface layer of constant depth is used to solving the tangential equilibrium equation, and the frictional drag at the upper boundary of the surface layer is considered correctly. Consequently, the theoretical method for determining the Holland β parameter is derived from the logarithmic spiral trajectory model. It is concluded that β increases with the surface layer depth or decreases with the radius to maximum winds. By analyzing the change in kinetic energy of the air particle, the interpretation of the relationship between β and the influencing factors is provided. The models are applied to the 17th typhoon NESAT and the 19th typhoon NALGAE of 2011. Through comparisons between the observed wind records and the simulation results, the logarithmic spiral trajectory model proposed in this study could accurately simulate the wind speeds.
Social Media and Young People’s Sexualities: Values, Norms, and Battlegrounds
Authors: De Ridder Sander
Published: November 2017

This article explores how young people are making sense of sexuality in the context of social media, considering social media’s material as well as symbolic operations. Drawing on 14 focus groups ( n = 89, conducted in 2012 and 2015) with young people between 14 and 19 years of age in Dutch-speaking Belgium, this article is informed by young people’s discussions, meanings, values, and norms on sexuality and social media, situated in everyday life peer group settings. The results argue how young people are making strong value judgments about sexuality in the context of social media and how they use a sharp hierarchical system to distinguish between “good” and “bad” sexual practices in social media. Therefore, young people draw on essentialist sexual ideologies. This article discusses these value judgments not only in relation to how social media functions but also in relation to social media’s symbolic operations, namely how they are meaningful for young people’s sexualities. The role of social media is discussed in relation to broader cultural dynamics of young people’s changing sexual cultures, which are characterized by risk, resistance, individualization, and mediatization. The article concludes how young people’s consistent need for making value judgments about sexuality in the context of social media may point to a conservatism that is driven by social media’s overwhelming role in culture and society. Social media have become a crucial battleground for sexual politics; they need to be taken seriously as spaces that produce values and norms about sexuality, deciding what kind of sexualities are supported, repressed, or disciplined.
АНАЛИЗ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СРЕДИ МУЖЧИН МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РАБОТНИКОВ КРУПНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОРОДА КРАСНОЯРСКА
Authors: Derevyannich Evgeny Valeryevich , Balashova Natalia Arlenovna , Yaskevich Roman Anatolyevich , Moskalenko Olga Leonidovna
Published: November 2017

Цель. Изучение распространенности факторов риска (ФР) сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (CCЗ) среди мужчин медицинских работников крупной клинической больницы г. Красноярска.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 251 мужчин медицинских работников в возрасте от 20 до 77 лет. Обследование включало анкетирование, клинические, инструментальные, функциональные и лабораторные методы исследования.Результаты. По данным проведенного исследования, распространенность ФР ССЗ отмечается также часто, как и в других исследованиях, среди медицинских работников, проведенных в различных регионах РФ. Среди обследованных мужчин медицинских работников у 19% было диагностировано ожирение, отягощенная наследственность составила 49,0%, доля медицинских работников, ежедневно потребляющих табак составила 48,8%, с той или иной периодичностью употребляют алкогольные напитки 61,8% обследуемых. Согласно результатов исследования, среди мужчин медицинских работников, выявлен высокий риск сердечно-­сосудистых осложнений, особенно это касается показателей очень высокого риска, при котором возможность развития осложнений в ближайшие десять лет составляет более 30%.Заключение. Несмотря на достаточно высокую профессиональную информированность, выявлена близкая к популяционной, высокая распространенность основных факторов риска ССЗ среди мужчин медицинских работников крупной клинической больницы города Красноярска. Мужчины, медицинские работники, подвержены курению, злоупотреблению алкоголем, многие имеют избыточную массу тела и ожирение. Полученные данные о распространённости ФР среди мужчин медицинских работников определяют необходимость активного выявления среди них ФР ССЗ и повышения внимания к этой категории лиц в ходе диспансеризации.
ТИПЫ ПРОФИЛЯ МЕЖПОЛУШАРНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА И ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ ОБЩЕНИЯ, ПОТРЕБНОСТИ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ, БЕСПОКОЙСТВА И ТРЕВОЖНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ-МЕДИКОВ I-III КУРСОВ
Authors: Kononez Irina Evgen’evna , Saydyldaeva Aida Beyshenalievna
Published: November 2017

Цель. Определение процентного соотношения вариантов профиля латеральной организации головного мозга; показателей потребности общения, потребности достижения, беспокойства и тревожности студентов-медиков.Материалы и методы. Метод Е.Д. Хомской, 1997 [19]; схема «рука-нога-глаз-ухо»; методика по Ж. Тейлору, (Н.М. Пейсахов, 1977) [12].Результаты исследования. Изучены варианты профиля латеральной организации (ПЛО) головного мозга по схеме «рука-нога-ухо-глаз» и показатели потребности общения (ПО), потребности достижения (ПД), уровень беспокойства и тревоги (БТ) у 320 студентов I-III курсов факультета «Лечебное дело» Кыргызской государственной медицинской академии в возрасте от 18 до 22 лет. Выявлено, что к третьему году обучения увеличиваются варианты с левыми признаками ПЛО у испытуемых. Уровень беспокойства-тревоги (БТ) у первокурсников достоверно выше по сравнению со студентами II–III курсов, причем у девочек показатели БТ достоверно превышают значения у мальчиков. Показатели ПО выше у чистых правшей нежели у смешанных типов ПЛО, а значения ПД самые высокие у смешанных типов ПЛО, чистые правши оказались более тревожны, чем смешанные типы. Результаты исследования могут оказать помощь в разработке практических рекомендаций для оптимизации образовательного процесса.Выводы:1. К третьему году обучения увеличиваются варианты с левыми признаками профиля латеральной организации мозга у испытуемых.2. Показатели беспокойство-тревога на 1 курсе достоверно выше по сравнению со студентами II–III курсов.3. Показатели потребности общения у чистых правшей превышают значения у лиц со смешанными типами профиля латеральной организации, а потребность достижения выше у смешанных типов ПЛО. Чистые правши оказались более тревожны, чем смешанные типы.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ ПОЛИСТИРОЛЬНЫХ МЕМБРАН В НЕФТЕХИМИИ
Authors: Karimov E. K. , Karimov O. K. , Daminev R. R. , Arifulina D. R. , Akhmetzyanova A. R.
Published: November 2017

В статье приводятся результаты исследования ионообменных мембран на основе полистирола. Описан процесс набухания ионообменной мембраны на примере набухания катионита в бутаноле. На примере высокосшитого катионита показан предел набухания исходного катионита (до формования мембраны). Установлена специфика набухания конечной мембраны после армирования.
ОПЫТ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ АЛЮМОХРОМОВЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ДЕГИДРИРОВАНИЯ 2-МЕТИЛБУТАНА
Authors: Kasyanova L. Z. , Karimov O. K. , Karimov E. K. , Arifulina D. R. , Akhmetzyanova A. R.
Published: November 2017

В статье приводятся результаты исследования изменения характеристик алюмохромового катализатора дегидрирования парафиновых углеводородов ИМ-2201С. На примере промышленного процесса дегидрирования 2-метилбутана показано изменение каталитических свойств за 12 лет эксплуатации катализатора. Приводятся рекомендации по снижению расходных норм сырья.
РЕВАСКУЛЯРИЗАЦИЯ МИОКАРДА ПРИ ОСТРОМ КОРОНАРНОМ СИНДРОМЕ В УДМУРТСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Kuzmina Natalya Mikhailovna
Published: November 2017

Актуальность изучаемой проблемы обусловлена высокой смертностью от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Целью работы является оценка результатов реваскуляризации миокарда при остром коронарном синдроме.Материалы и методы. Ретроспективно было изучено 125 историй болезни пациентов, поступивших с острым коронарным синдромом в отделение острого инфаркта миокарда №1 БУЗ УР «Республиканского клинико-диагностического центра МЗ УР». Всем пациентам проведено чрескожное коронарное вмешательство (ЧКВ), установлен стент в коронарную артерию. 95 пациентам была проведена контрольная эхокардиогарфия спустя 1,8–2 года после ЧКВ. Данные были проанализированы при помощи программы Microsoft Excel.Результаты. В основном в Удмуртии в 2015 году проводилось спасительное или отсроченное ЧКВ. У 77% пациентов к моменту поступления сформировался патологический зубец Q/QS. Фракция выброса больше, количество афункциональных зон меньше у пациентов с большим временем от начала клиники до ЧКВ.Выводы. Это говорит о том, что возможно во время реоксигенации активируется перекисное окисление липидов и свободные радикалы повреждают клетки. Данная статья может быть полезна врачам-кардиологам, терапевтам, интервенционным хирургам, ординаторам, аспирантам.
МОЛЕКУЛЫ МИКРОРНК КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ, СОПРОВОЖДАЮЩИХСЯ НЕОПЛАСТИЧЕСКИМ РОСТОМ
Authors: Anikin Kirill Pavlovich , Ruksha Tatyana Gennadievna , Baksheeva Svetlana Lukinichna , Kazantseva Tamara Vladimirovna , Palkina Nadezhda Vladimirovna , Marugina Tatyana Leonidovna
Published: November 2017

Взаимодействие между участками ДНК, кодирующими белки, и микроРНК до сих пор является одним из самым удивительных и неизведанных открытий в молекулярной онкологии.В течение времени результаты многочисленных исследований меняли отношение к молекулам микроРНК: то, что раньше называли «генетическим мусором», оказалось наиважнейшим регулятором опухолевой трансформации, прогрессии и последующей инвазии в интактные ткани.МикроРНК представляют собой короткие транскрипционные последовательности, которые не участвуют в непосредственной продукции протеинов или небольших аминокислотных цепей, однако, действуют, осуществляя контроль синтеза белка, тем самым принимая участие в жизнедеятельности клетки на транскрипционном, посттранскрипционном и(или) трансляционном уровне.В данной статье мы рассматриваем микроРНК как биомаркер, позволяющий производить диагностику неоплазий челюстно-лицевой области на самом раннем этапе их развития.
GIS based mapping and analysis of landslide hazard’s impact on tourism: a case study of Balakot valley, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Alamgeer , Riaz Khan Mobushir , Abbas Malik Naeem , Amin Muhammad , Hussain Shah Mazhar , Naveed Tahir Muhammad
Published: November 2017

The Landslide occurs in mountainous area due to failure of slope through intensive rain and earthquake. Region wise Himalayan is one of prone area of world in context of slope failure hazard; i.e. Landslide, especially Balakot valley is well known for damage of public infrastructure, roads and badly affected the tourism sector. The objective of this study is to develop landslide hazard map and database inventory of balakot tehsil and identify the Tourist resorts landslide hazard condition and hazard prone road site and developed guidelines for tourist about hazardous site and their intensity of landside, which could be useful for tourism sector and sustainable development in balakot valley. In this study we used weighted overlay analysis in arc GIS environment on primary and secondary data raster layers, like slope map, Slope Aspect map, precipitation and seismic raster maps were used to develop landslide hazard zonation map of balakot tehsil. Slope and Aspect map were developed using 30 meter aster digital elevation model. Precipitation map were developed through Inverse Distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method on annual precipitation data acquired from Pakistan meteorological department. Seismic map were acquired from Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP). Landslide zonation map has three hazards class high, Medium and low. The landslide exposure of high hazard class 499 sq.km while, Medium class 1016 sq.km and low hazard class having 749 sq. km exposure in balakot tehsil respectively. Landslide hazard zonation mapping using GIS and RS is the best way to assess the risk of landslide hazard in mountainous areas. The study recommended that ground penetrating radar (GPR) and soil testing based research well help to understand in-depth of landslide hazard condition in balakot valley.
Regulation of the CaV3.2 calcium channels in health and disease Regulácia CaV3.2 vápnikových kanálov v zdraví a chorobe
Authors: Lacinová Ľ.
Published: November 2017

Family of T-type or low-voltage activated calcium channels consists of three members: CaV3.1, CaV3.2, and CaV3.3. CaV3.2 channel has almost identical biophysical properties as the CaV3.1 channel, but is distinguished by a specific tissue expression profile and a prominent role in several pathologies, including neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and dysregulation of cardiac rhythm. Further, it may be involved in phenotype of autism spectrum disorders, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It represents a promising target for future pharmacotherapies.
Language choice, identity and social distance: Ethnic minority students in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Trang Thi Thuy , Hamid M. Obaidul
Published: November 2017

Drawing on concepts such as convergence, divergence and maintenance associated with Communication Accommodation Theory, this article examines a group of Vietnamese ethnic minority students’ language choice in relation to their identity and social distance between them and their interlocutors. Our analysis suggests that the strategies of accommodation deployed by individuals can be related to common values/tendencies that are maintained by the groups and communities to which they belong, raising issues about structural influence on individual language choice and agency. We observe that enhancing the ethnolinguistic vitality of the home and the community in which senior members hold the key to language maintenance should be considered vital in reducing the new in-group distance created by young members. Moreover, multilingual policies which enable flexible attainment goals for all languages may provide a way forward for equity and reduction of social distance between different ethnic groups in society.
The use of pre-fabricated composite veneers to enhance esthetics
Authors: Panteqi Stela , Alushi Adem , Simeon Orges
Published: November 2017

Background: This article is focused on the use of polymerized, prefabricated nano-hybrid-composite veneers to close diastema and to regain a vitality appearance of non vital discolored teeth. Case Reports: A 24-year old patient presented herself with a major complaint about the discoloration of her maxillary central incisors. The prefabricated composite veneers were recommended as the perfect solution in this case. Tooth shape and size was evaluated with the contour guide. Two pre-fabricated composite veneers size “M” were trimmed and cemented with the same hybrid composite resin that they were made from. A 28 year-old patient presented herself with a major complaint about her diastema. Her maxillary frontal teeth were intact. It was decided to use two veneers; size “L” and shade A2/B2 and Enamel Universal were chosen. Identical steps were followed as in clinical case 2. Conclusion: This new technique of treatment resulted to be an affordable way to regain esthetics. It is a one session treatment and requires no lab sessions, which makes it very comfortable for both dentist and patients. As with all new techniques, there is still a lot to be done, to confirm its effectiveness as a long term solution in esthetic dentistry.
Relationship between orthodontics and temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Tagkli Aikaterini , Paschalidi Polytimi , Katsadouris Alexis , Tsolakis Apostolos
Published: November 2017

Since the end of the 20th century, the problems of the temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have aroused interest to the orthodontists. The aim of this literature review is to present the contemporary evidence concerning the association between the presence of malocclusions and the occurrence of signs and symptoms of the TMJ. In addition, additional variables, which may affect the TMJs of a patient during the orthodontic treatment are pointed out. It is evident that there is an increased number of patients who are seeking for orthodontic treatment, not only in order to enhance their facial aesthetics and the function of mastication system, but also to relieve the symptoms of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). There are multiple etiological factors that have been associated with the TMDs and they may be manifested by pain and/or sounds of TMJ. In addition, during the clinical examination it can be detected a deviation from the normal function of the mandible.
Signs of bruxism and temporomandibular disorders among patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Gurbuz Ozlem , Altinbas Kursat , Oflezer Ceyhan , Kurt Erhan , Arslan Delice
Published: November 2017

Background/Aim: There is an abundance of data regarding temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and bruxism specific to patients with bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of TMD signs in subjects with and without BD. Material and Methods: The case group included 242 adult patients (103 men and 139 women) with BD and the control group included 187 subjects without BD (89 men and 98 women). The case and control groups were compared for the presence of bruxism and the signs of TMD including muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tenderness to palpation, limitation of maximum mouth opening, and TMJ sounds. Results: The frequency of at least one sign of TMD was significantly higher in patients with BD (191 ⁄242, 78.9%) than the control group (95 ⁄187, 50.8%) (p<0.001). Statistically significant differences were found between the case and control groups in terms of joint pain on palpation (p<0.05), masseter muscle pain on palpation (p<0.01), joint clicks (p<0.001) and limited mouth opening (p<0.001). Bruxism was significantly higher in patients with BD (49.6%) than the control group (19.8%) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients with BD appear to be more prone to having TMD signs and bruxism compared to the control group, but this comorbidity should be better understood by further studies.
Bodenverdichtung im Dauergrünland und ihre Auswirkung auf die Grünlandvegetation
Authors: Bohner Andreas , Gehmacher Philipp , Bodner Gernot , Strauss Peter
Published: November 2017

Die Bodenverdichtung ist ein aktuelles Problem der intensiven Grünlandwirtschaft. Daher wurden in einem repräsentativen österreichischen Grünlandgebiet an 22 unterschiedlichen Standorten die Lagerungsdichte (LD), der Eindringwiderstand (EW) und das Porenvolumen von typischen Dauergrünlandböden (Braunerde, Pseudogley, Gley) bis zu einer Bodentiefe von 30 cm bestimmt, um die bodenverdichtende Wirkung einer intensiven Grünlandbewirtschaftung beurteilen zu können. Außerdem wurde geprüft, ob zwischen den bodenphysikalischen Parametern und dem Auftreten von Bodenverdichtungszeigern im Pflanzenbestand ein Zusammenhang existiert. Der Verdichtungszustand von Dauergrünlandböden hängt von den Bodeneigenschaften (Humusgehalt, Bodenart), der Bewirtschaftungsform und der Nutzungsintensität ab. Die Verdichtungsempfindlichkeit sinkt mit steigendem Humus- und Tongehalt im Boden. Bei hoher Nutzungsintensität sind die Dauergrünlandböden mäßig überverdichtet. Die stärkste Bodenverdichtung entsteht infolge intensiver Beweidung mit Rindern. Durch Viehtritt wird der Boden insbesondere bis in 15 cm Tiefe verdichtet. Häufiges Befahren mit Grünlandmaschinen bewirkt eine Verdichtung zumindest bis 25 cm Bodentiefe. Die Mähweiden nehmen hinsichtlich Bodenverdichtung eine Mittelstellung zwischen Wiesen und Weiden ein. Die Gefahr einer ertragsmindernden Schadverdichtung steigt in Lehmböden beträchtlich, wenn innerhalb der oberen Bodenschicht (0-20 cm) eine Verdichtungszone mit einer LD über 1,40 g/cm3 oder einem EW größer als 2,00 MPa auftritt. Die Bodenverdichtung wird im Dauergrünland durch Zeigerpflanzen zuverlässig indiziert. Ranunculus repens ist ein besonders sensitiver Bioindikator für Bodenverdichtung.
Developing an algorithm for the management of Renal Cell Carcinoma: focus on metastatic disease
Authors: Kyriazoglou Anastasios , Dimitriadis Ioannis , Bamias Aristotelis
Published: November 2017

The treatment paradigm in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rapidly changing. The incidental finding of small renal tumours combined with the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways or inhibiting the interaction of the programmed death 1 (PD 1) receptor with its ligand have dramatically improved the prognosis of patients suffering from this malignancy. At the same time, the availability of multiple effective options with similar indications complicates the development and applicability of guidelines in this disease. We conducted a systematic review of the existing guidelines. Our study revealed areas of agreement as well as of discrepancies amongst the published scientific papers included. By critically evaluating these areas, we developed a therapeutic algorithm for RCC. We suggest that this methodology can define the practices of wide applicability and areas of future research.
The impact of precision of tree position measurements and different plot designs on the estimates of tree level production and diversity parameters
Authors: Merganič Ján , Merganičová Katarína , Scheer Ľubomír , Mistrík Milan , Costantini Federico , Výbošťok Jozef
Published: November 2017

Sample plots are basic units of statistical forest inventories. The choice of their shape and size, and sampling methods have changed over time due to economic constraints, efficiency and changes in human demands on data about forests. In the presented study we analysed the impact of three different sampling units: fixed-area plots, fixed-different-area plots, and nested concentric plots, on the estimates of tree level production and diversity parameters. These sampling units were measured during the regional inventory at the University Forest Enterprise of Technical University Zvolen, Slovakia, which was repeated four times (1986, 1992, 1998, 2012). Within each inventory plot, all positions of trees were repeatedly and independently measured three times (1986, 1998, 2012) by different operators using different tools. From these data we quantified the error of tree position resulting from human and technological factors and analysed its impact on the estimates of tree level diversity and production parameters. The selected parameters were: number of trees, stand basal area, standing volume per hectare, number of tree species and number of vertical tree layers. The results indicate that the plot design primarily affects ecological characteristics of forests. Fixed-area plots seem to be the most suitable sampling unit from the point of multi-criteria evaluation of forest status and forest change.