bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Brick Workers Using an Ergonomic Approach
Authors: Pratiwi Indah , Setyawan Robi
Published: December 2024

Introduction: This study focuses on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in the manual production of bricks. Specifically, it addresses the repetitive tasks of hoeing, mixing clay, and lifting and carrying bricks, which are performed for prolonged periods. The aim is to assess and mitigate risk factors associated with these manual tasks that may lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Methods: The study involved 75 male workers with an average age of 43.52 ± 11.02 years, an average work experience of 14.18 ± 10.43 years, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 23.73 ± 2.59. The workers' manual material handling (MMH) activities were evaluated using the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) and Key Indicator Method (KIM). Additionally, the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire was used to identify areas of the body where workers experience pain related to their tasks. Results: The WERA assessment identified ten activities with a medium risk level, necessitating further analysis. The KIM assessment revealed six activities with a very high risk level and four with high risk. Recommendations were made for four high-risk activities, specifically suggesting the redesign of material transport carts. This intervention has the potential to reduce injury risk scores by up to 50%. Conclusion: The combined use of the WERA and KIM methods proves effective in assessing MMH risk in brick-production MSMEs, offering insights for targeted ergonomic interventions.
A SCOPING REVIEW OF MHEALTH TECHNOLOGIES FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING HAEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Amalia Sarah , Rochmawati Erna
Published: December 2024

Background: The prevalence of patients requiring haemodialysis increases annually, highlighting the need for improved quality of care. Haemodialysis care involves several key aspects, including monitoring, education, and patient connectivity. The availability of mobile health (mHealth) technology enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of patient monitoring compared to conventional methods, ultimately improving patients’ quality of life.
Aims: To map the development, types, and impact of mHealth technologies on patients undergoing haemodialysis.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. We searched PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Sage Journals to identify relevant studies describing integrated mobile health applications for monitoring patients with CKD undergoing haemodialysis. Two independent reviewers screened and categorised findings based on predefined synthesis questions. Eleven studies representing various mHealth technologies were included. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews were followed to ensure comprehensive reporting of results.
Results: Out of 1,200 papers, 11 studies representing mHealth technologies were included. Most respondents were patients, though several articles also involved healthcare providers. We map our findings into three themes: the functionality of the applications, the types and features of mHealth technologies, and their impact.
Conclusion: mHealth can be implemented as web-based or application-based platforms, offering innovative solutions for monitoring, education, and enhanced connectivity between patients and healthcare providers.
Keywords: mHealth, haemodialysis, quality of life, monitoring, CKD
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja/Buruh dalam Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu yang Mengandung Klausula Baku Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Wedding & Event Organizer
Authors: Istianah
Published: December 2024

This thesis discusses the validity and legal consequences of work agreements for a set period of time (PKWT) that include standard clauses, using case studies from Wedding & Event Organizer companies. PKWT that include standart clauses is valid as long as it meets the legal requirements of the agreement in Article 1320 BW (1) and there is no abuse of circumstances in making an agreement by the parties, so it is important for the government to issue decisions that can be used as a legal basis for the use of standard clauses in making PKWT. The consequence of being violated of Article 1320 BW (1) is the agreement can be calcelled.  So, it is important to formed a special institution to oversee the actions of employers in make terms of doing work relations as not to harm the workers/labourers more
Pendidikan Gizi dalam Upaya Pencegahan Obesitas pada Mahasiswa dan Siswa Melalui Kader Generasi Z
Authors: Puspikawati Septa Indra , Sebayang Susy Katikana , Mathofani Shelviana
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Pada tahun 2016, lebih dari 1,9 miliar orang dewasa berusia 18 tahun ke atas kelebihan berat badan. Dari jumlah tersebut lebih dari 650 juta mengalami obesitas. Lebih dari 340 juta anak dan remaja berusia 5-19 tahun mengalami kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas pada tahun 2016. Obesitas memberikan dampak yang buruk pada kesehatan masyarakat khususnya remaja
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait gizi khususnya obesitas dan skrining kesehatan
Metode: Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Universitas Airlangga di Banyuwangi pada tanggal 27 Mei 2023, dengan susunan acara meliputi senam pagi, pendidikan gizi, dan pemeriksaan antropometri dan kesehatan. Sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah siswa di SMAN 1 Glagah dan SMAN 1 Giri serta Mahasiswa di Universitas Airlangga di Banyuwangi dan STIKES Banyuwangi.
Hasil: Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 14,3. Sebagian besar atau >55% responden memiliki BMI, lingkar perut, tekanan darah, dan gula darah normal.
Kesimpulan: Pendidikan gizi terkait obesitas pada siswa dan mahasiswa yang diselenggarakan terbukti meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait gizi dan obesitas.
Analisa Hubungan antara Sanitasi Lingkungan dan Kegiatan Mencuci Tangan dengan Kejadian Diare di Wilayah Puskesmas Alak Kota Kupang
Authors: Adinata Muhammad Naufal , Willy Theresia Adriana Enggelina Dorkas , Fatah Mohammad Zainal
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Diare adalah masalah serius di banyak negara, terutama di daerah dengan sanitasi buruk. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan dan perilaku individu. Dampaknya signifikan, terutama pada bayi, anak-anak, dan lansia. Di Indonesia, diare masih menjadi isu yang belum dapat teratasi, terutama di daerah dengan akses terbatas terhadap air bersih dan sanitasi yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan sanitasi dan kebersihan pribadi untuk mencegah diare.
Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara sanitasi lingkungan dan perilaku mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar dengan kejadian diare di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Alak Kota Kupang.
Metode: Studi observasional analitik memanfaatkan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data didapatkan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi lingkungan. Sampel terdiri dari 100 orang yang tinggal di Kecamatan Alak, wilayah kerja Puskesmas Alak, termasuk Kelurahan Nunhila, Nunbaundelha, Nunbaunsabu, Namosain, Alak, dan Penkase-Oeleta, yang dipilih menggunakan rumus slovin. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan metode chi-square.
Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian berikut menegaskan bahwasanya terdapat klausalitas antara ketersediaan air bersih dengan peristiwa diare (p-value 0,001), sarana pembuangan sampah umum (p-value 0,000), dan perilaku mencuci tangan dengan baik (p-value 0,000).
Kesimpulan: Ketersediaan air bersih, sarana pembuangan sampah umum, dan sikap mencuci tangan dengan baik berhubungan dengan peristiwa diare. Rekomendasinya termasuk memperhatikan pasokan air bersih, pengelolaan sampah, dan promosi perilaku hidup bersih di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Alak Kota Kupang.
İslam, Yeni Yüzyıl ve Bir Eylem Prensibi Olarak Akleden Kalbin Önemi
Authors: Polat İsmail
Published: December 2024

Yeni yüzyıl ile birlikte İslam, çeşitli zorluklar, fırsatlar ve değişimlerle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. İslam ve Müslümanlar için yeni yüzyılın zorluklarını aşmak ve fırsatlarını değerlendirmek için birtakım öneriler sunulmaktadır. Hiç kuşkusuz bütün bu öneriler çok önemlidir. Zira İslam düşüncesini daha iyi anlamak, İslam’ın evrensel değerlerini vurgulamak, İslam toplumlarında pozitif değişimleri teşvik etmek ve Müslümanların hem birbirleri hem de diğer uluslarla ilişkilerinde diyalog, anlayış ve hoşgörüyü artırmak yeni yüzyılda önemli bir görev haline gelmiştir. Ancak İslam toplumlarının bu konuda istenen sonuca ulaşması, bu görevin hangi plan ve yönergeler setine uygun bir biçimde icra edilmesi gerektiği sorununu gündeme getirmektedir. Açıkçası bu da temel bir yaklaşıma veya bir eylem prensibine duyulan ihtiyacı ifade etmektedir. Bu makale, İslam düşüncesi bağlamında akleden kalp kavramını, bir eylem prensibi olarak ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle akleden kalp kavramının mahiyeti, ontolojik meşruiyet sorunu ve İslam’ın tarihî tecrübesinde yaşanan dönüşümlere etkisi ardından da Müslümanlar için yeni yüzyılda bir eylem prensibi olarak önemi irdelenmektedir. Bu makale, akleden kalp kavramını bir eylem prensibi olarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ülkemizde spesifik olarak akleden kalbin rolünü inceleyen bir çalışma alan-yazında bulunmamaktadır. Kendine çizdiği sınırlar dahilinde konuyla ilgili akademik kaynaklarda ve yayınlarda literatür taraması yapılarak elde edilen bilgilerin analiz edilmesiyle hazırlanan bu çalışma, spesifik olarak akleden kalp kavramını bir eylem prensibi olarak incelemekle özgün ve alan yazına katkı sağlamakla önemli görülmektedir.
Exploring the Exile Life of Female Exiled Person in the Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   The Research Of The Korean Classic, Cho Su-mi
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to explore the reality of exile of ‘female exiles.’ To this end, we first identified exceptional provisions related to exile, reviewed articles on the exile of women in historical materials to understand the characteristics of female exile cases, and explored more specific information about the exile life of female exiles through diary data. The most important exceptional provision related to the exile of women was that “women should not be exiled if possible,” but in reality, female exile occurred frequently. Adultery was the most common incident, but women were also exiled for various other reasons. Women of the upper and lower classes were exiled at similar rates, but the rate of exile of court ladies involved in incidents that occurred in the palace was high. There is little evidence that testifies to the specifics of women’s actual exile life. This is because women rarely left records themselves. The diaries that supplement the records that appear occasionally in the diaries of male exiles are memoir-like diaries such as  and  written by wives who accompanied their male family members on their journey of exile. These records vividly record the pain and discomfort of exile, such as pregnancy and childbirth, examples of gender segregation, and taboos.
In order to avoid misunderstanding that exile was merely a crude sword that the nobles used to wield in political strife, it must first be acknowledged that exile was a punishment that was imposed not only on the nobles, but also on commoners and women.
A Study on the Posthuman in the Tale of the Toad Groom
Authors:   The Research Of The Korean Classic, Kim Sin-jeong
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to examine how the reflective questions of posthumanism, which dream of a new image of humanity and new relationships between living things on Earth, are embodied in tales. Specifically, by examining the otherness of the toad and the toad bride that appear in , I attempted to reflect on what human attitudes should be toward strangers.
The toad in the story is an ambivalent being who cannot be incorporated into human society, but is depicted as a being that has no will to be incorporated and rather seeks to preserve its own identity. In the end, the toad, which reveals itself as a celestial being and returns to the sky, depicts the image of a stranger who will never be reconciled. The woman who accepts this toad as her groom takes off its skin and wanders around looking for the missing toad. Toad bride voluntarily leaves the society he belongs to, is deprived of his membership rights, and faces the logic of 'give and take'. Despite this situation, toad bride faithfully walks toward her goal of reuniting with the toad because already she accepts the toad groom as a specific and individual being.
This article revealed The toad's heavenly qualities and outstanding appearance in the narrative world represents that in human society where attention is paid to the abstract value of 'humanity', visible interaction, and agreed upon communication patterns rather than essence of hunam individual. In addition, in this paper found on through the attitudes of the toad bride who provides absolute hospitality to others, we were able to recall the critical awareness of posthumanism, which seeks to reestablish the relationship between beings on earth.
Photon vs. proton radiation therapy in head and neck cancer: a review of dosimetric advantages and patient quality of life
Authors: Kiafi Panagiota , Chalkia Marina , Kouri Maria Anthi , Patatoukas Georgios , Kollaros Nikolaos , Kougioumtzopoulou Andromachi , Nikolatou-Galitis Ourania , Kyrodimos Efthymios , Perisanidis Christos , Kouloulias Vassilis , Platoni Kalliopi
Published: December 2024

Radiotherapy (RT) is a cornerstone in the management of head and neck cancer (HNC), with the choice of RT type profoundly affecting patient outcomes, symptom severity, and quality of life (QoL). This review examines photon and proton RT types for HNC, focusing on dosimetric advantages, efficacy, and side effect profiles. Understanding these factors is crucial to minimizing adverse effects, enhancing QoL for patients, and effectively improving oncology’s clinical praxis. While photon-based therapies, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy, are widely used and effective, proton therapy, including intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and pencil beam scanning (PBS), offers distinct physical advantages. Photon therapies allow for precise dose distribution but often result in higher integral doses to surrounding healthy tissues. In contrast, protons enable highly conformal dose distributions with minimal exit dose beyond the target, a property that significantly reduces radiation exposure to organs at risk. Background research and comparative analysis demonstrate that proton therapy techniques, particularly IMPT and PBS, outperform photon-based methods in sparing critical structures and thus reducing acute and late treatment-related morbidities, such as xerostomia and dysphagia. As a consequence, patient-reported outcome measures and the overall QoL results suggest that proton therapies lead to better treatment results with fewer severe side effects and improved symptom management. In conclusion, proton therapy, particularly IMPT, shows promise as a treatment of choice for HNC, minimizing toxicities and enhancing QoL. However, continued research and evidence-based approaches are still essential to properly validate and refine proton therapy applications in HNC treatment paradigms and also effectively translate them into future clinical practice.
Post-Crisis Financial Regulation at Inter-State Level
Authors: Khudyakova L.
Published: December 2024

The main result of the 2008–2009 financial and economic crisis was a perception of necessity for a change in the financial regulation paradigm itself, and for development of a new integrated approach to financial stability maintenance, including the macroprudential oversight stregthening and coordination between financial, monetary and macroeconomic regulators. One of the key experiences gained from the crisis consisted in understanding that events at a national level may have serious global consequences. The crisis demonstrated that amid the increase of interdependence between national economic and financial systems, the existing international financial institutions including the IMF were not able either to foresee problems in advance and suggest preventive decisions, or even to assure the required national measures coordination in order to avoid the range of bank collapses that shook the world economy in 2008–2009. Within this framework the need for more close and effective international cooperation in the field of financial regulation, strengthening and reforming of the functioning international financial structures became evident.
Results of Presidential Election in USA and Their Consequences for Republican Party and American Foreign Policies
Authors: Mirzayan G.
Published: December 2024

Barack Obama's victory as a key impact on the domestic and foreign policy paradigms of the United States. From the first one these elections result is not the victory of Obama but the defeat of Mitt Romney and the Republican Party as a whole. If the party fails to do it’s homework and does not modify its platform, it risks to become a political mammoth. On the foreign policy sphere, the U.S. are going solve their core problems in the concept of multipolar world. Russian-American relations has the key role here.
Russian-Australian Relationships at Current Stage
Authors: Osintseva N.
Published: December 2024

In XXI century the Russian-Australian dialogue receive a constructive character and moved at a higher level. The political relationships are based on interaction between the top governmental officials, as well as on diplomatic and parliamentary contacts. However, the development of economic ties lags behind the pace of political cooperation. Until now Russian goods and services are not sufficiently represented at the Australian market. At the same time the cooperation in such spheres as hydrocarbons, mining and fishing looks quite prospective. In order to improve the situation the stress should be made on involvement of the Russian Far East. In particular, Australian investment and experts should be attracted into huge infrastructural projects in the Russian Far East, including roads and ports.
Less Glamorous but Essential: Australian Composers’ Perspectives on Writing Art Music for Children’s Performance
Authors: Caldwell Holly , Philpott Carolyn , Grenfell Maria
Published: December 2024

In Australia, writing art music for children to perform has often been viewed as existing at the less glamorous end of the composition
business. Yet, for those who compose music for young performers, it is an essential part of their role as creative practitioners. Many
notable Australian composers, in addition to their writing for professional musicians, have written music for this age group. This article
seeks to show, for the first time, the aims of Australian composers in writing music for children’s performance. The results of quantitative
and qualitative surveys with 77 Australian contemporary composers divulge the complexities of writing music for this genre: the reasons
that Australian composers write music for young performers, the process of composing for this genre and the specialised skill set required.
This study shows that many Australian composers aim to offer children an experience that transcends musical ideas and connects them
to a wider world of learning, which is significant when considering the development of music education at both pre-tertiary and tertiary
levels. Ultimately, it is anticipated that the current research will help to give due recognition to the value of the genre and highlight its
potential benefits to composers and children alike.
Analisis Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Terhadap Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Provinsi D. I. Yogyakarta Tahun 2011-2023 dengan Model Almon
Authors: Agung Ismail Dwi Agung Nugroho , Kartika Dini Sekti
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan Model Almon, suatu model distribusi lag yang mempertimbangkan respons perubahan variabel bebas terhadap nilai-nilai lag variabel bebas. Metode Almon, berdasarkan teorema Weierstrass dalam matematika, mengasumsikan bahwa koefisien lag dapat didekati dengan polinomial berderajat yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi dampak Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) terhadap jumlah penduduk miskin di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) menggunakan Model Almon pada data BPS tahun 2011-2023. Pemilihan panjang lag maksimum (k) dan order polynomial (m) sebesar 4 didasarkan pada pertimbangan statistik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa IPM signifikan memengaruhi jumlah penduduk miskin di DIY, dengan model ini menjelaskan 99,36% variasi jumlah penduduk miskin. Pemilihan parameter model didasarkan percobaan yang menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi yang tinggi dan seluruh variabel  yang signifikan, memastikan keakuratan dan relevansi model. Model ini memenuhi asumsi klasik, menegaskan peran krusial IPM dalam upaya mengentaskan kemiskinan. Temuan ini memberikan landasan yang kuat untuk pertimbangan kebijakan yang lebih lanjut, menyoroti pentingnya IPM dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat DIY.
TECHNOLOGY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CRAB STICK VIBRATION WITH FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Hryhorenko Ihor , Hryhorenko Svitlana , Andrenko Dmytro , Kubrik Boris
Published: December 2024

A variant of the construction of a control system for the technological process of the production of crab sticks to meet the needs of food industry enterprises specializing in the production of fish and seafood products is proposed. Crab sticks are a world-famous food product that is widely used both as a separate product and as a component of food dishes. In the beginning, crab sticks were made from the meat of "white fish", the so-called surimi. The main ingredient is minced meat from white ocean fish from the North Pacific Ocean. In order to get a taste similar to the original taste of crabs, food additives and additional ingredients are added to the sticks. The need to implement a control system is due to the fact that the automation of the crab sticks production process makes it possible to carefully follow the production technology and thus improve the quality of the final product. The task was solved by developing an information and measurement system to support the main technological parameters within the established limits of tolerance. The proposed system is able to receive information from the object of control thanks to the use of modern high-precision sensors. An additional advantage of the proposed system is the implementation of a situational system with fuzzy logic in it to determine the influence of the parameters of the technological process of making crab sticks on their quality. Fuzzy logic systems are becoming increasingly widespread in production along with the use of neural networks due to their practically limitless possibilities in solving the problems of control and management of processes and equipment. Computer modeling was conducted, which confirmed that the creation of a heuristic analyzer for determining the quality of crab sticks is appropriate and necessary in order to prevent the production of low-quality products. Implementation of the system makes it possible to avoid emergency situations in the technological process and ensure high quality of products. The structural diagram of the system is presented, its main elements are defined. An error analysis was carried out, which confirmed the necessary high accuracy of the proposed version of the construction of the control system.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK WITH THE ABILITY TO RETRAIN, STORE AND RETRIEVE SETS OF ASSOCIATIVE IMAGES FROM ITS MEMORY
Authors: Zakovorotnyi Oleksandr , Orlova Tetiana
Published: December 2024

A new multidirectional artificial neural network has been created that can be used in automated control systems to control complex technical objects. The structure and principles of functioning of the developed artificial neural network are described. The architecture of the network is based on the restructuring of the multidirectional neural network memory by introducing into its structure N modules based on discrete neural networks of adaptive resonance theory and an intermediate layer of neurons, the elements of which are connected by pairs of bidirectional weighted connections with the corresponding elements of the recognition layers of N similar parallel operating modules, each of which is a discrete neural network ART-1U. Each of the modules contains layers of interface elements, whose neurons are connected to the corresponding elements of the sensory layers by pairs of binary bidirectional connections. The modules also contain recognition layers of elements, whose neurons are connected to each of the elements in their respective interface layers by pairs of bidirectional weighted connections with continuous weighting coefficients. The modules also include deciding neurons connected by excitatory and inhibitory connections to all elements of the sensory, interface, and recognition layers, and control neurons connected by excitatory and inhibitory connections to all elements of the sensory, interface, and recognition layers, as well as to the corresponding control neurons, which in turn are connected to all neurons in the intermediate layer of neural network elements. It is confirmed that the addition of the above elements to the structure of the new artificial neural network makes it possible to operate a multidirectional neural network memory device with associative images and to retrain it in the process of its functioning. A comparative analysis with the existing network for pattern recognition is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of multidirectional neural network memory are noted. Improved algorithms for image recognition and classification are defined, thanks to which the multidirectional neural network memory is able to retrain during its operation, as well as to store and reproduce sets of associative images from its memory.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENTREPRENEURSHIP LEARNING MODEL IN THE CREATIVE PRODUCT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP COURSE FOR VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Syamsudin Rudi Nur , Ikhwanuddin Ikhwanuddin , Prihadi Wisnu Rachmad , Malik Abdul
Published: December 2024

The learning model is one of the main factors that need to be considered in the learning process. This study aims to reveal the effect of applying the “EkRenFaTiHa” entrepreneurship learning model in vocational high schools. The research design is quasi-experimental. Determination of the sample using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques using observation, documentation, and tests the prerequisite tests carried out are validity tests, reliability tests, normality tests, and hypothesis tests. The research location was in class XI at one of the state vocational schools in the Province of DIY. It was agreed with the school that it was not permissible to mention the name of the school, so the research location was named X’s vocational high schools. The results of the hypothesis testing showed that the cognitive value in the experimental class was significant, which was 0.001, where the value was < 0.05. This means that the “EkRenFaTiHa” entrepreneurship learning model can have a significant influence on student learning outcomes in the subject of creative products and entrepreneurship. While the value of product results in the experimental class is still higher than in the control class. The experimental class got an average product value of 75.455, while the control class average product value was 74.773.
Estudio comparativo del cuello cresty en el onagro persa, el caballo de Przewalski y la cebra
Authors: Morales-Briceño A. , Pukazhenthi B. , Reed D. , Méndez-Sanchez A. , Pérez J.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la cresta del cuello en tres especies de équidos salvajes. Específicamente, examinamos el Przewalski (Equus ferus przewalskii; n = 3 machos maduros), el Onagro Persa (Equus hemionus onager; n = 4 machos) y la cebra (Equus quagga burchellii; n = 4) manejados en cautiverio o semi-cautiverio. Los animales se examinaron durante la evaluación clínica de rutina (en condiciones de anestesia general). Específicamente, se palpó el cuello siguiendo el ligamento nucal y la región muscular. La puntuación de adiposidad solo en cebra se realizó siguiendo el protocolo descrito para equinos. La evaluación del cuello crestado mostró una baja acumulación de grasa, la puntuación predominante fue 1 en la cebra estudiada, sin apariencia visual de cresta, pero leve relleno a la palpación, este nivel corresponde a la condición normal del cuello. Sólo una cebra presentó puntuación 2, caracterizada por la apariencia notable de una cresta, pero estuvo acompañada de una buena cantidad de depósitos de grasa distribuidos uniformemente desde la nuca hasta la cruz. Cresta fácilmente ahuecada en una mano y doblada de lado a lado. Aunque todos los équidos estudiados estaban en cautiverio y semi-cautiverio, ninguno era obeso. La correlación media entre la longitud y la circunferencia del cuello de todos los équidos fue de 0,750. La correlación entre la longitud y la circunferencia del cuello para el Przewalski, el onagro persa y la cebra fue de 0,956, 0,897 y 0,333, respectivamente. En conclusión, ninguno de los équidos salvajes evaluados (Przewalski, Onagro Persa y Cebra) exhibió el fenotipo de cresta del cuello.
El costo humano de convertirse en médico, una lectura social y emocional del Diario de un interno de medicina de Daniel Rojas
Authors: Luza Fernández Diego
Published: December 2024

This article seeks to analyze the Diary of a medical intern from the perspective of human development and the sociological theory related to educational processes to characterize medical training in the internships. The aim is to reconstruct, through qualitative analysis of the discourse of this testimony, the educational system built around the training of doctors, especially in a crucial period such as internship, in which medical practice is learned within the hospital. In this scenario, learning occurs related to medical knowledge and disease treatments, but also towards attitudes, emotions, and behaviors as a product of social interactions between the actors in health establishments. They shed light on a health system with many material deficiencies that reproduce situations of mistreatment and humiliation not only among doctors, but also towards patients.
Considering justice as a planning principle helps navigate a diversity of future energy infrastructure designs
Authors: Sansavini Giovanni , Lonergan Katherine
Published: December 2024

Energy decisions can be framed as questions of justice, given energy systems’ impact on climate change and communities. Researchers and policymakers have recently begun investigating how quantifying justice with metrics could be used to support decision-making; however, the implications of justice on large-scale energy infrastructure design are not yet understood. We close this gap and show that accounting for justice can support European energy system planning. Here, we assess candidate system designs according to a set of ten justice indicators and a weighted combination of the indicators informed by current European policy and Eurobarometer surveys. We find that pursuing narrow interpretations of justice may not lead to consistent infrastructure decisions, but adopting a wider perspective of justice that considers the variety of public opinion can address this shortfall. Remarkably, the most just system designs are not always accompanied by meaningful cost trade-offs. Our results advance the understanding of how to incorporate justice in energy systems planning, enabling a closer connection between the desire for a just transition and the decision-making processes required to achieve the transition in practice.
ZIP13 marks muscle satellite cells and contributes to their quiescent and active phase balance
Authors: Yoshigai Emi , Hara Takafumi , Hashimoto Masaki , Tsuzuki Hidenao , Abe Takaya , Inoue Kenichi , Noguchi Ayaka , Ohashi Takuto , Fukada Toshiyuki
Published: December 2024

Loss of ZIP13 causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome spondylodysplastic type 3 involving connective tissue dysplasias associated with a reduction in muscular strength. However, ZIP13 role in skeletal muscle homeostasis, particularly for the regulation of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated Zip13-knockout (KO) mice and found a reduction in MuSCs of Zip13-KO mice, in which the quiescent and activated phase balances were disrupted. To clarify the physiological role and dynamics of ZIP13 expression in MuSCs, we generated Zip13-GFP knock-in (KI) mice encoding GFP at the Zip13 locus, which showed that ZIP13 contributes to the phase balance regulation of quiescent and activated MuSCs and their functions. Indeed, Zip13-KO mice exhibited delayed recovery from skeletal muscle injury, indicating ZIP13 requirement for proper skeletal muscle regeneration. Moreover, GFP expression was reduced in the MuSCs of homozygous Zip13-GFP KI mice whose intact ZIP13 expression was perturbed, suggesting that positive feedback mechanisms exist to maintain ZIP13 expression. Altogether, our results illustrate that ZIP13 might be positively involved in skeletal muscle regeneration by controlling the quiescent/activated phase balance of MuSCs through autoregulatory ZIP13 expression, and that newly generated Zip13-GFP KI mice would be useful for investigating the roles and dynamics of ZIP13-expressing cells.
Neural Network Prediction Model of Digital Marketing under the Green Development Mode of Enterprises
Authors: Hu Qianwen , Xu Qiao , Wu Jingjiao , Yu Feifei , Zhang Li
Published: December 2024

From the beginning of industrial development, people started to exploit and use natural resources beyond the limit in order to seek faster economic development, but this development model can no longer meet the needs of new forms of economic development in the future. At this time, the green development model was proposed, which is somewhat similar to the sustainable development model. At present, the relevant theoretical research of green development mode is becoming more and more perfect and more researchers begin to pay attention to the problem of how to harvest the highest economic benefits under the green development mode of enterprises. At the same time, the development of AI technology attracted the attention of researchers, who began to try to integrate the technology in AI into the green development model. This paper studied the digital marketing neural network model under the green development model of enterprise and used the artificial neural network to structure the digital marketing prediction model under the green development model of enterprise. It forecast the result value of digital marketing of enterprises through neural network algorithms such as linear regression in the artificial neural network, so as to improve the economic effect of enterprises under the green development mode. At the end of the article, the digital marketing neural network prediction model was used to analyze the improvement of the economic benefits of enterprises under the green development model. The experimental results showed that the digital marketing neural network prediction model can improve the sales performance of enterprises by 27.8% under the green development model.
Spatially dependent Raman gain by vortex beam in a four-level N-typed atomic system
Authors: Zhang Tong , Zhang Kai-Kai , Deng Xu , Shui Tao , Yang Wen-Xing
Published: December 2024

An efficient scheme for controlling the spatial Raman gain is proposed in a cold atomic ensemble with a four-level N-typed configuration. The cold atoms are driven by the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) vortex beams. Using experimentally achievable parameters, we identify the condition under which the topological charge (TC) allows us to manipulate the spatial distribution of the Raman gain spectra. Furthermore, we find that the spatial Raman gain can be effectively controlled via adjusting the relevant optical parameters. Subsequently, we show interesting optical properties of vortex-induced transparency(VIT) and vortex-induced gain (VIG) by controlling the probe absorption spectrum. Our scheme may provide a feasible approach for constructing novel vortex beams based on cold atomic ensemble.
Barriers to and potential of remote consultations in general practice: Insights from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A qualitative study in Austria
Authors: Stummer Florian Odilo , Mayrhofer Mira , Szabo Nathalie , Hoffmann Kathryn
Published: December 2024

Background
Remote consultation and teleconsultation have the potential to transform healthcare delivery by improving patient outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and increasing patient access to care. However, teleconsultation uptake by Austrian general practitioners (GPs) is rare, even during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the factors behind this rare uptake by understanding the experiences, perspectives, challenges, and fears of GPs in terms of teleconsultations in general and video consultations in particular.
Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 GPs working in different organizational primary care areas in the public sector. We followed the qualitative content analysis approach for data analysis.
Results
Five super-categories and 19 related subcategories were identified from the interviews. The five super-categories involve aspects regarding methods of remote communication and consultation, topics for remote communication, concerns about telemedicine, and expectations regarding the support needed and potential/expectations of teleconsultations. The most noteworthy finding is that GPs overwhelmingly refer to telephone consultations when talking about remote/teleconsultations. Respondents only mentioned video consultations as a means of remote consultation upon prompting. Moreover, the lack of institutional support and infrastructure for video consultation implementation was a recurring theme, emphasizing the need for investments and resources. However, despite these barriers, GPs see the opportunities for teleconsultations in their daily work.
Conclusion
As GPs were at the forefront of healthcare provision during the pandemic, their insights shed important light on real-life challenges and opportunities regarding teleconsultations. It became clear that a safe, focused, and supportive environment is needed to implement new technologies such as video consultations, especially in a healthcare system where GPs are responsible for implementation as entrepreneurs themselves. Above all, clinicians and patients need to be involved in creating the necessary e-health strategy and related software development from the beginning.
Ultrasonography-Guided Catheter-Over-Needle Insertion for Caudal Epidural Catheter Placement in Adults: Technical Considerations
Authors: Zhang Pei , Chen Hongzhou , Yu Keqiang , Ran Xia , wang rurong , Wu Jing
Published: December 2024

Background: Caudal epidural analgesia significantly reduces acute pain after anorectal surgery; however, caudal epidural catheter placement (CECP) remains challenging, and the safety of real-time ultrasonography-guided CECP is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the success rate and related complications of real-time ultrasonography-guided CECP and describe the technical considerations.
Methods: This prospective, single-center observational study included 233 patients catheterized in the left lateral decubitus position. The sacral hiatus was manually determined and then confirmed using ultrasonography. A catheter-over-needlewas inserted through the sacrococcygeal ligament under real-time ultrasonographic guidance, the metallic needle was withdrawn through the outer sleeve, and the epidural catheter was placed through the outer sleeve into the sacral canal epidural space. The primary outcomewas the success rate of CECP; several surgical variables, the incidence of related complications, and improvement measures were also assessed.
Results: CECP through the sacral hiatus was successful in 231 patients. The sacral canal depth at the hiatus apex, the medial distance between the sacral cornua, and the distance from the skin to the inferior margin of the sacrococcygeal ligament were 5.07±1.38, 8.00±1.94, and 14.24±4.18 mm, respectively. The sacral canal depth was >3 mm in 94.4% of patients. No complications, such as epidural hematoma, dura puncture, and intraspinal infection during postoperative epidural catheter utilization, occurred.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided CECP through the sacral hiatus is a simple, feasible, safe, and effective technique for postoperativeanorectal analgesia. Additionally, caudal epidural analgesia manages severe pain after anorectal surgery. Therefore, this technology merits comprehensive clinical application.
Trial Registration number: No. ChiCTR 2000038918.
Reputation-Enhanced Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm for Node Capture Attacks on UAV Networks
Authors: Onukak Peter , Ogunbunmi Simeon , Chen Yu , Ardiles-Cruz Erika , Blasch Erik , Chen Genshe
Published: December 2024

The rapid growth of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) market has led to increased reliance on UAV technologies across various application domains such as aerial Internet of Things (IoT). However, the vulnerability of UAV infrastructures to security threats and attacks poses significant risks. The discovery of robust security measures is particularly crucial for UAVs operating in hostile environments. This paper proposes a Reputation-enhanced Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm (RePA) to address node capture attacks on UAV networks in adversarial settings. RePA integrates a reputation system into the consensus process, assigning master and candidate nodes based on their reputation values, thereby reducing the likelihood of malicious nodes becoming decisive. RePA also introduces a replica node that serves as a backup to master candidacy, enhancing resilience against node capture attacks. This study advances UAV network security by demonstrating the effectiveness of combining reputation scores with PBFT as a defense mechanism against node capture attacks in hostile environments. An experimental study validates the efficacy, reliability, and performance of RePA.
Cognitive flexibility is affected by the age of onset and duration among patients with type 1 diabetes: a network analysis
Authors: Mojun Ding , Dongling Yuan , Jing He , Wenjing Zou , Xia Li , Chuting Li , Xiongzhao Zhu
Published: December 2024

Cognitive impairment is a recognized risk in patients with type 1 diabetes, yet its contributing factors and overall impact remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to explore the relationships between specific cognitive functions—namely memory, attention, and cognitive flexibility—and clinical characteristics, including age of onset and diabetes duration, as well as glycemic factors, such as glycemic control and extreme glycemic events, in a cohort of 331 patients with type 1 diabetes. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Wechsler Memory Scale, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Sustained Attention to Response Task. Network analysis revealed that age of onset and diabetes duration were central nodes in the network, strongly influencing cognitive flexibility. Additionally, age of onset was associated with a history of severe hypoglycemia, while diabetes duration was linked to visual memory decline. Significant differences were observed between the network structures of the adult-onset and childhood-onset groups, with the childhood-onset group showing greater interconnectedness. These findings emphasize the critical impact of age of onset and disease duration on cognitive outcomes in type 1 diabetes and highlight the importance of personalized treatment strategies. Longitudinal studies are needed to further understand these relationships and guide targeted interventions to preserve cognitive function.
Social Drivers of Health Predict Annual Chronic Kidney Disease Screening & Disease Development
Authors: Ingle Mary E. , Baman Sarang , Du Yuxian , Valuckaite Vesta , Singh Rakesh , Kong Sheldon , Williamson Todd , Khatib Rasha
Published: December 2024

Social drivers of health (SDOH) can impact access to routine care, including annual screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Clinical practice guidelines recommend regular screening after diagnosis of hypertension (HTN) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We explore how SDOH are associated with annual CKD screening and CKD development among newly diagnosed HTN and/or T2DM patients. Electronic health records of 235,208 patients with a new HTN and/or T2DM diagnosis between 2015–2018 were extracted and followed for three years to assess CKD screening and development. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated the associations between SDOH and screening and development. The odds of screening among patients with public insurance were 66% less compared to commercial patients while the odds of screening among retirees was 25% greater compared to employed patients. Black patients were over twice as likely to be screened and retirees twice as likely to develop CKD compared to White and employed patients, respectively. CKD incidence among Black and retired patients could be due to frequent screenings while lower screening rates among public health insurance highlight possible upstream factors impacting health care access.
Spillover effects of upstream irrigation expansion on downstream water stress in transboundary river basins
Authors: Dong Jinwei , Chen Xi , He Xiaogang , Jiang Dong , Zhang Yongqiang , Siebert Stefan , Qin Yue , Wada Yoshihide , Sun Gaohu , Qi Jiaguo , Liu Jianguo , Xiao Xiangming , Ge Quansheng
Published: December 2024

The expansion of irrigated cropland exacerbates water scarcity, while geopolitical environment further intensifies the spatial imbalance of water resources, particularly in transboundary rivers. However, little is known about the evolution of water stress in upstream and downstream regions within transboundary river basins and their potential interrelationships. Here, we find that 396 of 431 sub-basins (91.9%) experience increasing irrigation water stress (IWS) between 1901 and 2005, with the number of sub-basins facing irrigation water scarcity doubling from 51 to 118. Disparities in IWS between upstream and downstream regions widen in 92.4% of transboundary river basins, especially in South Asia, Central Asia, and Africa. The expansion of upstream irrigated areas (6 Mha·yr-1) and associated water withdrawals (20.4 km3·yr-1) exacerbate downstream IWS by 34.3 ± 3.5% from 1901 to 2005, with this spatial spillover effect projected to intensify through 2099. Our findings emphasize the urgent need for cooperative water management in transboundary basins.