bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary artery angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma mimicking pulmonary embolism
Authors: Munir Mian Zeeshan , Bernstein Ethan , Wadia Roxanne , Laskin William B
Published: March 2023

A young man presented to the emergency department with pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath. Of note, he recently went on a long-distance flight of about 9 hours. Given his recent long-distance travel and clinical symptoms, a pulmonary embolism was suspected. However, pathological examination of the excised pulmonary artery intraluminal mass demonstrated an angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. This case describes the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features and molecular profile of a rare type of pulmonary artery tumour, a pulmonary artery angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma.
Challenges and opportunities in coproduction: reflections on working with young people to develop an intervention to prevent violence in informal settlements in South Africa
Authors: Mannell Jenevieve , Washington Laura , Khaula Sivuyile , Khoza Zamakhoza , Mkhwanazi Smanga , Burgess Rochelle A. , Brown Laura J. , Jewkes Rachel , Shai Nwabisa , Willan Samantha , Gibbs Andrew
Published: March 2023

Coproduction is widely recognised as essential to the development of effective and sustainable complex health interventions. Through involving potential end users in the design of interventions, coproduction provides a means of challenging power relations and ensuring the intervention being implemented accurately reflects lived experiences. Yet, how do we ensure that coproduction delivers on this promise? What methods or techniques can we use to challenge power relations and ensure interventions are both more effective and sustainable in the longer term? To answer these questions, we openly reflect on the coproduction process used as part of Siyaphambili Youth (‘Youth Moving Forward’), a 3-year project to create an intervention to address the social contextual factors that createsyndemicsof health risks for young people living in informal settlements in KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. We identify four methods or techniques that may help improve the methodological practice of coproduction: (1) building trust through small group work with similar individuals, opportunities for distance from the research topic and mutual exchanges about lived experiences; (2) strengthening research capacity by involving end users in the interpretation of data and explaining research concepts in a way that is meaningful to them; (3) embracing conflicts that arise between researchers’ perspectives and those of people with lived experiences; and (4) challenging research epistemologies through creating spaces for constant reflection by the research team. These methods are not a magic chalice of codeveloping complex health interventions, but rather an invitation for a wider conversation that moves beyond a set of principles to interrogate what works in coproduction practice. In order to move the conversation forward, we suggest that coproduction needs to be seen as its own complex intervention, with research teams as potential beneficiaries.
Preferences about place of end-of-life care and death of patients with life-threatening illnesses and their families: a protocol for an umbrella review
Authors: Pinto Sara , Lopes Silvia , Bruno de Sousa Andrea , Gomes Barbara
Published: March 2023

Introduction

For most of history, the majority of people died at home surrounded by family. However, the global scenario has progressively changed towards hospital death and more recently in some countries back again towards home, with indication that COVID-19 may have further increased the number of home deaths. It is therefore timely to establish the state-of-the-art about people’s preferences for place of end-of-life care and death, to understand the full spectrum of preferences, nuances and commonalities worldwide. This protocol describes the methods for an umbrella review which aims to examine and synthesise the available evidence regarding preferences about place of end-of-life care and death of patients with life-threatening illnesses and their families.

Methods and analysis

We will search for relevant systematic reviews (quantitative and/or qualitative) in six databases from inception without language restrictions: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PROSPERO and Epistemonikos. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for umbrella reviews, eligibility screening, data extraction and quality assessment (using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist) will be done by two independent reviewers. We will report the screening process using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram. Study double-counting will be reported using the Graphical Representation of Overlap for OVErviews tool. A narrative synthesis will include ‘Summary of Evidence’ tables to address five review questions (distribution of preferences and reasons, influencing variables, place of care vs place of death, changes over time, congruence between preferred and actual places), grading the evidence on each question using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and/or GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research.

Ethics and dissemination

This review does not require ethical approval. The results will be presented at conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022339983.
Is spatial exposure to heritage associated with visits to heritage and to mental health? A cross-sectional study using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS)
Authors: Macdonald Laura , Nicholls Natalie , Gallou Eirini , Monckton Linda , Mitchell Richard
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Existing research highlights the beneficial nature of heritage engagement for mental health, but engagement varies geographically and socially, and few studies explore spatial exposure (ie, geographic availability) to heritage and heritage visits. Our research questions were ‘does spatial exposure to heritage vary by area income deprivation?’, ‘is spatial exposure to heritage linked to visiting heritage?’ and ‘is spatial exposure to heritage linked to mental health?’. Additionally, we explored whether local heritage is associated with mental health regardless of the presence of green space.

Design

Data were collected from January 2014 to June 2015 via the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) wave 5. Our study is cross-sectional.

Setting

UKHLS data were either collected via face-to-face interview or online questionnaire.

Participants

30 431 adults (16+ years) (13 676 males, 16 755 females). Participants geocoded to Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) ‘neighbourhood’ and ‘English Index of Multiple Deprivation’ 2015 income score.

Main exposures/outcome measures

LSOA-level heritage exposure and green space exposure (ie, population and area densities); heritage site visit in the past year (outcome, binary: no, yes); mental distress (outcome, General Health Questionnaire-12, binary: less distressed 0–3, more distressed 4+).

Results

Heritage varied by deprivation, the most deprived areas (income quintile (Q)1: 1.8) had fewer sites per 1000 population than the least deprived (Q5: 11.1) (p<0.01). Compared with those with no LSOA-level heritage, those with heritage exposure were more likely to have visited a heritage site in the past year (OR: 1.12 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.22)) (p<0.01). Among those with heritage exposure, visitors to heritage had a lower predicted probability of distress (0.171 (95% CI 0.162 to 0.179)) than non-visitors (0.238 (95% CI 0.225 to 0.252)) (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our research contributes to evidence for the well-being benefits of heritage and is highly relevant to the government’s levelling-up heritage strategy. Our findings can feed into schemes to tackle inequality in heritage exposure to improve both heritage engagement and mental health.
Pacing induced cardiomyopathy: recognition and management
Authors: Ponnusamy Shunmuga Sundaram , Syed Thabish , Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi
Published: March 2023

Right ventricle (RV) apex continues to remain as the standard pacing site in the ventricle due to ease of implantation, procedural safety and lack of convincing evidence of better clinical outcomes from non-apical pacing sites. Electrical dyssynchrony resulting in abnormal ventricular activation and mechanical dyssynchrony resulting in abnormal ventricular contraction during RV pacing can result in adverse LV remodelling predisposing some patients for recurrent heart failure (HF) hospitalisation, atrial arrhythmias and increased mortality. While there are significant variations in the definition of pacing induced cardiomyopathy (PIC), combining both echocardiographic and clinical features, the most acceptable definition for PIC would be left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of <50%, absolute decline of LVEF by ≥10% and/or new-onset HF symptoms or atrial fibrillation (AF) after pacemaker implantation. Based on the definitions used, the prevalence of PIC varies between 6% and 25% with overall pooled prevalence of 12%. While most patients undergoing RV pacing do not develop PIC, male sex, chronic kidney disease, previous myocardial infarction, pre-existing AF, baseline LVEF, native QRS duration, RV pacing burden, and paced QRS duration are the factors associated with increased risk for PIC. While conduction system pacing (CSP) using His bundle pacing and left bundle branch pacing appear to reduce the risk for PIC compared with RV pacing, both biventricular pacing and CSP may be used to effectively reverse PIC.
Identification of HPV16 E1 and E2-specific T cells in the oropharyngeal cancer tumor microenvironment
Authors: McInnis Christine , Bhatia Shilpa , Vijaykumar Brinda , Tian Qiaomu , Sun Yanbo , Leistritz-Edwards Del , Quinn Charles T , Uppaluri Ravi , Egloff Ann Marie , Srinivasan Lakshmi , Pregibon Daniel C , Coyle Anthony J , Hanna Glenn J
Published: March 2023

Background

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a primary cause of an increasing number of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). The viral etiology of these cancers provides the opportunity for antigen-directed therapies that are restricted in scope compared with cancers without viral components. However, specific virally-encoded epitopes and their corresponding immune responses are not fully defined.

Methods

To understand the OPSCC immune landscape, we conducted a comprehensive single-cell analysis of HPV16+ and HPV33+ primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. We used single-cell analysis with encoded peptide-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tetramers to analyze HPV16+ and HPV33+ OPSCC tumors, characterizing the ex vivo cellular responses to HPV-derived antigens presented in major Class I and Class II HLA alleles.

Results

We identified robust cytotoxic T-cell responses to HPV16 proteins E1 and E2 that were shared across multiple patients, particularly in HLA-A*01:01 and HLA-B*08:01. Responses to E2 were associated with loss of E2 expression in at least one tumor, indicating the functional capacity of these E2-recognizing T cells and many of these interactions validated in a functional assay. Conversely, cellular responses to E6 and E7 were limited in quantity and cytotoxic capacity, and tumor E6 and E7 expression persisted.

Conclusions

These data highlight antigenicity beyond HPV16 E6 and E7 and nominate candidates for antigen-directed therapies.
Effect of intravenous thrombolysis before endovascular therapy on outcomes in patients with large core infarct
Authors: Anadani Mohammad , Almallouhi Eyad , Maier Ilko , Al Kasab Sami , Jabbour Pascal , Kim Joon-tae , Wolfe Stacey Q , Rai Ansaar , Starke Robert M , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Samaniego Edgar A , Arthur Adam S , Yoshimura Shinichi , Cuellar Hugo , Howard Brian M , Alawieh Ali , Fragata Isabel , Polifka Adam J , Mascitelli Justin R , Osbun Joshua W , Matouk Charles , Park Min S , Levitt Michael R , Dumont Travis M , Williamson Richard , Spiotta Alejandro M
Published: March 2023

Background

The safety and efficacy of bridging therapy with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large core infarct has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety outcomes between patients who received IVT+MT and those treated with MT alone.

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis of the Stroke Thrombectomy Aneurysm Registry (STAR). Patients with Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≤5 treated with MT were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on pre-treatment IVT (IVT, no IVT). Propensity score matched analysis were used to compare outcomes between groups.

Results

A total of 398 patients were included; 113 pairs were generated using propensity score matching analyses. Baseline characteristics were well balanced in the matched cohort. The rate of any intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was similar between groups in both the full cohort (41.4% vs 42.3%, P=0.85) and matched cohort (38.55% vs 42.1%, P=0.593). Similarly, the rate of significant ICH was similar between the groups (full cohort: 13.1% vs 16.9%, P=0.306; matched cohort: 15.6% vs 18.95, P=0.52). There was no difference in favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0–2) or successful reperfusion between groups. In an adjusted analysis, IVT was not associated with any of the outcomes.

Conclusion

Pretreatment IVT was not associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage in patients with large core infarct treated with MT. Future studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of bridging therapy in patients with large core infarct.
High-grade and low-grade HPV-induced urethral lesions treated by CO2laser under colposcopy
Authors: Aynaud Olivier , Huynh Bernard , Bergeron Christine
Published: March 2023

Objectives

This study is reporting the CO2laser treatment efficiency on urethral lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and the correlation between the type of lesion high-grade and low-grade on the histology and the HPV genotype(s).

Methods

Sixty-nine patients (59 men and 10 women) with urethral lesions were screened for HPV genotype(s) by in situ hybridisation and PCR. HPV lesions were biopsied and p16INK4aexpression was tested to confirm urethral high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (U HSIL) on the histology prior to CO2laser treatment under colposcopy. The patients were followed up for 12 months.

Results

We observed urethral low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (U LSIL) in 54/69 cases (78.3%) and U HSIL in 7/69 cases (10%) confirmed by p16INK4a staining. Then we looked at the HPV genotype present in each lesion. We observed the following: 31/69 (45%) patients have a unique HPV genotype, with 12/31 (38.7%) of high risk; 21/54 (38.8%) of U LSIL and 1/7 (14%) of U HSIL have HPV low-risk and high-risk coinfections. Efficient treatment with CO2laser under colposcopy was done using a meatal spreader to help visualisation of 20 mm in the distal urethra. We cured 64/69 (92.7%) patients at 3 months with 4/69 (5.7%) meatotomy and persistent 1/67 (1.4%) urethral stricture at 12 months.

Conclusions

HSIL was present in the urethra without being able to define specific clinical criteria. Treatment with a CO2laser under colposcopy with a meatus spreader is a simple surgical procedure with high efficiency and few complications that could prevent the risk of HPV-induced carcinoma.
Self-sampling strategies (with/without digital innovations) in populations at risk ofChlamydia trachomatisandNeisseria gonorrhoeae: a systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Vialard Fiorella , Anand Apoorva , Leung Soo Cindy , de Waal Anna , McGuire Madison , Carmona Sergio , Fernández-Suárez Marta , Zwerling Alice Anne , Pant Pai Nitika
Published: March 2023

Background

Chlamydia trachomatis(CT) andNeisseria gonorrhoeae(GC) resulted in over 200 million new sexually transmitted infections last year. Self-sampling strategies alone or combined with digital innovations (ie, online, mobile or computing technologies supporting self-sampling) could improve screening methods. Evidence on all outcomes has not yet been synthesised, so we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to address this limitation.

Methods

We searched three databases (period: 1 January 2000–6 January 2023) for reports on self-sampling for CT/GC testing. Outcomes considered for inclusion were: accuracy, feasibility, patient-centred and impact (ie, changes in linkage to care, first-time testers, uptake, turnaround time or referrals attributable to self-sampling).

We used bivariate regression models to meta-analyse accuracy measures from self-sampled CT/GC tests and obtain pooled sensitivity/specificity estimates. We assessed quality with Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool-2, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool.

Results

We summarised results from 45 studies reporting self-sampling alone (73.3%; 33 of 45) or combined with digital innovations (26.7%; 12 of 45) conducted in 10 high-income (HICs; n=34) and 8 low/middle-income countries (LMICs; n=11). 95.6% (43 of 45) were observational, while 4.4% (2 of 45) were randomised clinical trials.

We noted that pooled sensitivity (n=13) for CT/GC was higher in extragenital self-sampling (>91.6% (86.0%–95.1%)) than in vaginal self-sampling (79.6% (62.1%–90.3%)), while pooled specificity remained high (>99.0% (98.2%–99.5%)).

Participants found self-sampling highly acceptable (80.0%–100.0%; n=24), but preference varied (23.1%–83.0%; n=16).

Self-sampling reached 51.0%–70.0% (n=3) of first-time testers and resulted in 89.0%–100.0% (n=3) linkages to care. Digital innovations led to 65.0%–92% engagement and 43.8%–57.1% kit return rates (n=3).

Quality of studies varied.

Discussion

Self-sampling had mixed sensitivity, reached first-time testers and was accepted with high linkages to care. We recommend self-sampling for CT/GC in HICs but additional evaluations in LMICs. Digital innovations impacted engagement and may reduce disease burden in hard-to-reach populations.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021262950.
Crowding-out effect of tobacco consumption in Serbia
Authors: Vladisavljevic Marko , Zubović Jovan , Jovanovic Olivera , Đukić Mihailo
Published: March 2023

Background

Although smoking prevalence and intensity in Serbia have decreased in recent years, expenditures on tobacco products still represent a significant portion of household budgets. As households have limited resources at their disposal, consuming tobacco means that they spend less on other items such as food, clothing, education and healthcare. This is particularly true for low-income households, for whom the pressure on the household budget is even higher.

Objectives

In this research we estimate the effect of tobacco consumption on other consumption items in Serbia, which is the first estimation of this type for the countries in Eastern Europe.

Methods

We use microdata from the Household Budget Survey and estimation approach that includes the combination of seemingly unrelated regression and instrumental variables. Besides estimating the overall effect we analyse the differences in effects between low-income, medium-income and high-income households.

Results

Expenditures on tobacco reduce consumption on food, clothing and education and increase the budget shares spent on complementary consumption items such as alcohol, hotels, bars and restaurants. In most cases, the effects are more pronounced for low-income households than for other groups. These results suggest that aside from the negative effects of tobacco consumption on health, it also distorts household consumption structure, while affecting intrahousehold allocation and future health and development of other household members.

Conclusions

The results from this research underline the negative effect that tobacco expenditures have on consumption of other products. The only way for households to decrease expenditures on tobacco is to stop smoking, as the consumption of those who continue smoking changes less than cigarettes prices. To ensure that households stop smoking and instead direct their expenditures towards more productive purposes, the Serbian government should adopt new policies and strengthen enforcement of existing tobacco control measures.
Imprints of clustering in multiplicity fluctuations
Authors: Bazgir A. , Reyna Ortiz V. Z. , Rybczynski M. , Shah U. , Włodarczyk Z.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we investigate the multiplicity fluctuations of charged particles observed in high-energy nuclear collisions and relate them to the size of hadronizing systems which happen during such processes. We use the average multiplicities $$\langle N\rangle $$

⟨
N
⟩

and variances $$Var\left( N\right) $$

V
a
r

N

of multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in centrality selected collisions of relativistic heavy-ion nuclei to evaluate the dynamic variance $$\varOmega $$
Ω
and study its dependence on the size of colliding systems. We connect the observed system-size dependence of multiplicity fluctuations with the clustering phenomena and the finiteness of the hadronizing sources and the thermal bath.
Probing the supersymmetric grand unified theories with gravity mediation at the future proton–proton colliders and hyper-Kamiokande experiment
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Li Tianjun , Raza Shabbar
Published: March 2023

With the grand desert hypothesis, we have proposed to probe the supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) at the future proton–proton (pp) colliders and Hyper-Kamiokande experiment previously. In this paper, we study the supersymmetric GUTs with gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking in details. First, considering the dimension-six proton decay via heavy gauge boson exchange, we point out that we can probe the supersymmetric GUTs with GUT scale $$M_{GUT}$$

M

GUT

up to $$1.778\times 10^{16}$$

1.778
×

10
16

 GeV at the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment. Second, for the supersymmetric GUTs with $$M_{GUT} \ge 1.0\times 10^{16}$$

M

GUT

≥
1.0
×

10
16

 GeV and $$M_{GUT} \ge 1.2\times 10^{16}$$

M

GUT

≥
1.2
×

10
16

 GeV, we show that the upper bounds on the universal gaugino mass are 7.2 TeV and 3.5 TeV, respectively, and thus the corresponding upper bounds on gluino mass are 15 TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. Also, we shall study the masses for charginos, neutralinos, squarks, sleptons, and Higgs particles in details. In particular, the supersymmetric GUTs with $$M_{GUT} \le 1.2\times 10^{16}$$

M

GUT

≤
1.2
×

10
16

 GeV can be probed at the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment, and the supersymmetric GUTs with $$M_{GUT}\ge 1.2\times 10^{16}$$

M

GUT

≥
1.2
×

10
16

 GeV can be probed at the future 100 TeV pp collider experiments such as the $$\textrm{FCC}_\textrm{hh}$$

FCC
hh

and SppC via gluino searches. Thus, the supersymmetric GUTs with gravity mediation can be probed by the $$\textrm{FCC}_\textrm{hh}$$

FCC
hh

, SppC, and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments. In our previous study, we have shown that the supersymmetric GUTs with anomaly and gauge mediated supersymmetry breakings are well within the reaches of these experiments. Therefore, our proposal provides the concrete scientific goal for the $$\textrm{FCC}_\textrm{hh}$$

FCC
hh

, SppC, and Hyper-Kamiokande experiments: probing the supersymmetric GUTs.
Temporal scales, sampling designs and age distributions in marine conservation palaeobiology
Authors: Tomašových Adam , Dominici Stefano , Nawrot Rafał , Zuschin Martin
Published: March 2023

Conservation palaeobiology informs conservation and restoration of ecosystems by using the fossil record to discriminate between baseline and novel states and to assess ecosystem response to perturbations. Variability in the time-scale of palaeobiological data can generate patterns that either exaggerate or mute the magnitude of biotic changes. We identify two approaches that remedy the challenges associated with the mixing of baseline and post-impact states and with the transformation of the stratigraphic depth to time. First, combining surface death assemblages with both (1) fossil assemblages preserved in the subsurface historical layers and (2) living assemblages can better resolve the nature of ecosystem shifts than within-core surveys or live–dead analyses alone. Second, post-mortem age distributions of skeletal particles and their preservation states are not only informative about stratigraphic resolution and time averaging of death assemblages but also about the timing of changes in abundance of skeletal producers. High abundance of the youngest age cohorts in surface death assemblages is a null expectation of disintegration and burial dynamic. When this dynamic is accounted for, age distributions of benthic invertebrates from Holocene sediments often reveal high volatility, prolonged turn-offs in production or pervasive regime shifts that are obscured in the raw stratigraphic record.
Survey on Privacy-Preserving Techniques for Microdata Publication
Authors: Carvalho Tânia , Moniz Nuno , Faria Pedro , Antunes Luís
Published: March 2023

The exponential growth of collected, processed, and shared microdata has given rise to concerns about individuals’ privacy. As a result, laws and regulations have emerged to control what organisations do with microdata and how they protect it. Statistical Disclosure Control seeks to reduce the risk of confidential information disclosure by de-identifying them. Such de-identification is guaranteed through privacy-preserving techniques (PPTs). However, de-identified data usually results in loss of information, with a possible impact on data analysis precision and model predictive performance. The main goal is to protect the individual’s privacy while maintaining the interpretability of the data (i.e., its usefulness). Statistical Disclosure Control is an area that is expanding and needs to be explored since there is still no solution that guarantees optimal privacy and utility. This survey focuses on all steps of the de-identification process. We present existing PPTs used in microdata de-identification, privacy measures suitable for several disclosure types, and information loss and predictive performance measures. In this survey, we discuss the main challenges raised by privacy constraints, describe the main approaches to handle these obstacles, review the taxonomies of PPTs, provide a theoretical analysis of existing comparative studies, and raise multiple open issues.
Comparison of Silicon and Graphite Anodes: Temperature-Dependence of Impedance Characteristics and Rate Performance
Authors: Berg Clara , Morasch Robert , Graf Maximilian , Gasteiger Hubert A.
Published: March 2023

A meaningful benchmarking of battery active materials with inherently different properties requires knowledge of both their intrinsic electrochemical properties as well as of the differences in the resulting porous electrode structures for equal, practically relevant areal capacities. Here we compare graphite and microsilicon anodes with practical areal capacities of 2.8 mAh cm−2 for lithium-ion batteries with regard to their temperature-dependent kinetic charge-transfer resistances (R
ct) and their ion transport resistances through the electrolyte phase within the pores of the electrodes (R
ion), measured via impedance spectroscopy. We deconvolute the kinetic resistance from the impedance spectra by individually measuring the temperature-dependent pore resistance between −5 and +45 °C, showing that the charge-transfer resistance dominates at low temperatures, while at high temperatures the pore resistance dominates for both electrode types due to the significantly higher activation energy of R
ct. An analysis of the potential profile of the electrodes at different lithiation rates shows how the thinner silicon electrode is significantly less affected by R
ion-induced transport losses compared to a thicker graphite electrode, resulting in lower overpotentials when fast-charging at high temperatures, despite similar kinetic resistances. Overall the silicon electrodes could be charged up to two times faster than graphite before reaching 0 V vs Li+/Li.
Joint-level coordination patterns for split-belt walking across different speed ratios
Authors: Kambic Robert E. , Roemmich Ryan T. , Bastian Amy J.
Published: March 2023

We studied how the nervous system coordinates limb movements during asymmetric gait. Using a split-belt treadmill, we found that most changes in motion occurred when comparing motions between limbs, rather than among joints within a limb. Individual joint patterns resembled speed-matched comparisons, but this meant that joint movements became asymmetric during split-belt walking. These findings demonstrate that the nervous system can use consistent joint motions that are reconfigured in time to achieve new gait patterns.
Context-specific early recruitment of small motor units in the shoulder muscle reflects a reach movement plan
Authors: Rungta Satya , Murthy Aditya
Published: March 2023

We studied the spatial and temporal aspects of response preparation in the anterior deltoid muscle using high-density surface EMG. Our results show that early spatially specific ramping activity that predicted reaction times could be accessed from muscle activity but was absent during isometric force-driven cursor movements. Such ramping activity could be quantified using an accumulator framework across trials, as well as within single trials, but was not observed in isometric reach tasks involving cursor movements.
A Novel Approach for Implant Rehabilitation Combined with Immediate Bone and Soft-Tissue Augmentation in a Compromised Socket—A B2S Approach: Case Report with a 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Bernatskiy Baruch S. , Puišys Algirdas
Published: March 2023

In this case report, we aimed to describe a novel approach for aesthetic rehabilitation of the anterior maxilla that combined immediate implant installation with the “Bone2Soft Tissue Reconstruction” (B2S technique), which involves the use of a triple graft harvested from the maxillary tuberosity. The regeneration potential of a tuberosity graft appeared to surpass that of corticocancellous bone grafts harvested from other intraoral donor sites and allowed for quicker regeneration of both bone and soft tissue. The B2S technique extended the indications for immediate implant placement and ridge augmentation to cases involving severe bone resorption and other complex clinical scenarios. Owing to the good visualization facilitated by open-flap access, the surgical procedures can be completed in a single intervention, which will be beneficial for both doctors and patients.
Symbiosis Evolution of E-commerce Platform Ecosystem with Cooperative and Competitive Effect: An Extended Population Density Logistic Model-Based Simulation
Authors: Du Shan
Published: March 2023

With the development of the Internet, traditional platforms have been challenged by competition from participants on the platform. However, it is unclear how these two types of population, which are in competition but also mutually dependent, can co-exist in the new platform ecosystem. This paper sheds light on that key phenomenon by extending the population density logistic model of the e-commerce platform ecosystem between participants and platforms based on the symbiosis theory. By solving the logistic equation, we acquire the evolutionary trajectory and final size of populations under different symbiotic patterns. The results reveal that the cooperative and competitive effect determines the equilibrium outcome of the symbiosis evolution of e-commerce platform ecosystem. In the asymmetric symbiosis mode, only one population is influenced by positive synergy that increases population density and promote evolution. The contribution coefficient of subordinate to the dominant is greater than the feedback coefficient from the dominant; the trends of output value are inconsistent. The symmetric symbiosis mode is the optimal model for participants and platforms. The effect “

1
+
1
>
2

” can only be achieved under the symmetric symbiosis mode, and the growth of the participants and the platforms is more stable and sufficient than that in other modes. The findings will provide additional perspectives to promote the sustainable development of e-commerce platform ecosystem considering the cooperative and competitive effect.
Bioprospecting the Biological Effects of Cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus Mushrooms from Selected Agro-Wastes and Maize Flour Supplements
Authors: Mkhize Senzosenkosi Surprise , Simelane Mthokozisi Blessing Cedric , Mongalo Nkoana Ishmael , Pooe Ofentse Jacob
Published: March 2023

Pleurotus mushrooms are valuable food supplements with health and environmental restorative potential. In this paper, we sought to evaluate the biological activities and profile the bioactive compounds found in Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated from agro-waste supplemented with maize flour. We investigated carbon to nitrogen (C/N), antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimalarial potential for the varying supplementation during mushroom cultivation. GCMS was utilized for screening bioactive compounds found in P. ostreatus. Changes in supplementation directly correlate with changes in compound profiling. Nonetheless, some compounds were found to be common amongst the tested mushrooms, including pentadecanoic acid; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester; pentadecanoic acid, methyl ester; octadecanoic acid; and diisooctyl phthalate. The highest antimicrobial potential against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus was observed when maize flour supplements were increased to 12% and 18%. Our data demonstrated that the observed antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power) and antimicrobial activity could emanate from various supplementation conditions. Furthermore, supplementation has an impact on the mushroom yield and phytochemical profiles of the produced mushroom.
Identification Research of Trichagalma Glabrosa Insect Gall Pests Based on YOLOv5s
Authors: Zhang Tianpeng , Wang Wei
Published: March 2023

In order to solve the problem of low image identification accuracy of Trichagalma glabrosa insect gall pests in a complex natural environment, an image identification method of Trichagalma glabrosa insect gall pests based on YOLOv5s was designed and introduced in this study. The original images were preprocessed with the grayscale maximum method and different gradients of noise, which reduced the color difference interference with complex backgrounds and improved the image identification rate. A total of 6090 images of insect gall pests under opposite light, back light, and complex backgrounds were constructed, which were divided into a training set and a test set with a ratio of 7 : 3. The results showed that the precision, recall, and mean average precision of YOLOv5s were 94.35%, 95.42%, and 95.8%, respectively. YOLOv5s, YOLOv4, and Faster-RCNN were compared and analyzed under the same test conditions. The identification accuracy of YOLOv5s was higher than that of YOLOv4 and Faster-RCNN, and its model size was only 13.8 MB. It was considered that the designed YOLOv5s method could help accurately and quickly identify Trichagalma glabrosa insect gall pests with high identification accuracy and a small model capacity, which was more conducive to the migration application of the model, and provide a new method for the rapid identification of Trichagalma glabrosa insect gall pests in a complex natural environment.
Modified Hybrid PSO Algorithm for Efficient Control of the Matrix Converter-Fed Electrical Drive System
Authors: Amarendra Ch. , Pandian A. , Reddy Ch. Rami , Kalyan Ch. Naga Sai , Bajaj Mohit , AboRas Kareem M. , Mbadjoun Wapet Daniel Eutyche
Published: March 2023

Advanced power converters are being developed due to the latest developments in power electronics switches. The matrix converter (MC) assessment is the product of this drastic growth. MC is a bidirectional power flow device with a single-step energy conversion mechanism that operates at variable voltage and frequency. The main drawback of MC is the presence of harmonics due to power electronic device switching. A lot of research has been done to decrease the harmonics content present in the MC, but it is restricted to a certain level only. To overcome this limit, the harmonics are minimized in the MC by incorporating soft computing controllers. This article presents particle swarm optimization (PSO), modified PSO (MPSO), and modified hybrid PSO (MHPSO) based controllers for different loads. The proposed MC with a soft computing controller reduces the harmonics by selecting suitable switching pulses for every sample. The simulations are made using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results of the proposed MHPSO controller reduce the THD value from 8.654 with a PSO approach to 7.536 in the presence of nonlinear loads.
Numerical Simulation and Dynamics of Burgers’ Equation Using the Modified Cubic B-Spline Differential Quadrature Method
Authors: Arora Geeta , Mishra Shubham , Emaifar Homan , Khademi Masoumeh
Published: March 2023

In the present work, a numerical approach using the Crank–Nicolson scheme along with the modified cubic B-spline differential quadrature (CN-MCDQ) method is proposed to find the numerical approximations to Burgers’ equation. After applying the well-known Crank–Nicolson technique, Burgers’ equation is solved in this study by using the differential quadrature approach to approximate the derivatives that lead to a system of equations to be solved. When compared to other methods for obtaining numerical solutions, the proposed method is shown to be efficient and easy to implement while still providing accurate results. The obtained results are in agreement with the earlier available approaches and are even better in comparison in terms of less domain partition. Three test problems were used to evaluate the methodology, and the results are tabulated and graphically shown below.
Characterizations of the Generalized MPCEP Inverse of Rectangular Matrices
Authors: Yao Jiaxuan , Liu Xiaoji , Jin Hongwei
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new generalized inverse, called the G-MPCEP inverse of a complex matrix. We investigate some characterizations, representations, and properties of this new inverse. Cramer’s rule for the solution of a singular equation

A
x
=
B

is also presented. Moreover, the determinantal representations for the G-MPCEP inverse are studied. Finally, the G-MPCEP inverse being used in solving appropriate systems of linear equations is established.
Simultaneous Coinfections with West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus in Culex pipiens and Aedes vexans Mosquitoes
Authors: Körsten Christin , Al-Hosary Amira A. , Holicki Cora M. , Schäfer Mandy , Tews Birke A. , Vasić Ana , Ziegler Ute , Groschup Martin H. , Silaghi Cornelia
Published: March 2023

The mosquito-borne zoonotic flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are endemic in many European countries and emerged in Germany in recent years. Due to the increasing overlap of their distribution areas and their similar epidemiology, coinfections of WNV and USUV are possible. Indeed, coinfections in vertebrate hosts as a rare event have already been reported from some countries including Germany. However, it is largely unknown whether and to what extent coinfections could affect the vector competence of mosquitoes for WNV and USUV. For this purpose, the mosquito species Culex pipiens biotype pipiens, Culex pipiens biotype molestus, and Aedes vexans were orally infected in mono- and simultaneous coinfections with German strains of WNV and USUV. Mosquitoes were incubated for 14 days at 26°C, 85% relative humidity, and a 16 : 8 light-dark photocycle, before they were dissected and forced to salivate. The results showed a decrease in USUV susceptibility in Culex pipiens biotype pipiens, an increase in USUV susceptibility in Aedes vexans, and no obvious interaction between both viruses in Culex pipiens biotype molestus. Vector competence for WNV appeared to be unaffected by a simultaneous occurrence of USUV in all tested mosquito species. Coinfections with both viruses were only found in Culex mosquitoes, and cotransmission of WNV and USUV was observed in Culex pipiens biotype molestus. Overall, our results show that viral interactions between WNV and USUV vary between mosquito species, and that the interaction mainly occurs during infection and replication in the mosquito midgut. The results of this study confirm that to fully understand the interaction between WNV and USUV, studies with various mosquito species are necessary. In addition, we found that even mosquito species with a low susceptibility to both viruses, such as Ae. vexans, can play a role in their transmission in areas with cocirculation.
Analysis of Complications and Risk Factors Other than Bleeding before and after Endoscopic Treatment of Esophagogastric Variceal Bleeding in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Duan Xiaowei , He Xing , Yan Hezhong , Li Haiqing , Wang Jiaoxue , Guo Shicun , Zha Zhengwei , Zhang Qianqian , Bai Yuchuan , Zhang Jiayi , Tang Jun , Kong Derun
Published: March 2023

Objective. To identify any concomitant complications other than bleeding (COTB) before and after endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) in liver cirrhosis patients and explore the underlying risk factors. Materials and Methods. Cirrhotic patients complicated with EGVB, who underwent interventional endoscopic treatments in our hospital from November 2017 to August 2020, were enrolled in this study. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for COTB at admission and within 2 years of the first endoscopic treatment. Patients were screened for potential risk factors of COTB before and after the treatment. Univariate analysis was performed to identify clinical factors of secondary complications, and statistically significant factors were included in the multivariate Cox and logistic regression analyses. Results. Of the 547 patients with cirrhosis, 361 individuals had COTB in the first endoscopic treatment. In this cohort, the top 3 prevalent incidences were portal vein thrombosis (PVT) or spongiosis, cholelithiasis, and pathogenic infections. The COTB did not occur at admission in 171 liver cirrhosis patients but happened at the follow-up. Higher Child-Pugh scores indicated potential risks of multiple concurrent complications, including bleeding. Risk factors for concomitant PVT or cavernous changes after endoscopic treatment of EGVB, pathogenic infections, and cholelithiasis could prolong the cirrhosis symptoms, while noncholestatic cirrhosis patients might have a lower risk than posthepatitis B cirrhosis patients, in the context of a higher degree of EGV and serum level of D-D and a lower blood calcium level. Conclusions. Clinical treatment and interventions can be tailored to avoid other complications during and after EGVB treatment, which can affect the outcome and prognosis of bleeding symptoms.
Studying the Fabrication and Characterization of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Waste Eggshell Powder
Authors: Alkaron Wasan A. , Hamad Sameer F. , Sabri Mohammed M.
Published: March 2023

Polymeric and plastic materials currently have numerous positive impacts due to their unique properties that make them important for various engineering applications. However, sustainability is a vital factor that should be considered, because of environmental issues. Eggshells (ES) are an important way to reduce the impact of nondegradable materials when applied to reinforce different types of polymer matrices, whether natural or synthetic polymers. Therefore, this study is an attempt to explore the potential application of waste eggshell fillers for the first time as a natural reinforcement in polyamide 12 (PA) composites. PA was loaded with three different ratios (3, 5, and 10 wt. %) of eggshell powder. Morphological studies of the PA powder, ES powder, and their composites were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were performed to study the thermal and chemical properties of the raw materials and the produced composites. The results indicate ES fillers’ potential usage as a reinforcement material to develop the thermal and chemical properties of the PA polymer matrix composites, thereby reducing costs and minimizing the environmental pollution caused by waste eggshells and petroleum-based polymers.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Q‐Switched and Picosecond Lasers for Treating Becker’s Nevus
Authors: Liu Xing , Jia Gaorong , Gong Xiangdong , Ding Hui , Wu Qiuju , Guo Lifang , Zeng Rong , Zhang Mengli , Yang Hedan , Fang Fumin , Zheng Huiying , Yang Yin , Ge Yiping , Lin Tong
Published: March 2023

Background. Becker’s nevus (BN) severely affects a patient’s appearance and can lead to depression, especially when it involves the face or neck. Currently, there is no effective treatment. Laser therapy has become popular, but its efficacy has not been confirmed. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of lasers in treating BN. Methods. This retrospective study involved 49 patients exposed to different laser treatments who completed at least one treatment session and follow‐up. Results. The patients treated with the 755‐nm alexandrite picosecond laser and Q‐switched 694‐nm ruby laser gained relatively good results: 3.07 ± 1.09 and 2.87 ± 1.14 on the five‐point scale and 3.47 ± 0.73 and 3.40 ± 0.85 on the GAIS, respectively. However, the results of the 755‐nm alexandrite picosecond laser with a diffractive focus lens array and the fractionated 1064‐nm neodymium‐doped: yttrium aluminum garnet picosecond laser were poor. Furthermore, there were marked differences between the number of treatment sessions and treatment effects, both for the five‐point grading score for pigment clearance (F = 15.246, p < 0.001) and GAIS (F = 15.469, p < 0.001). Concerning different lasers and efficacy, there were no marked differences between the five‐point grading scale and the GAIS (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Although the efficacy of various lasers for BN is not satisfactory and there are no marked differences between picosecond and Q‐switched lasers, they can help in selecting an appropriate laser for slight‐to ‐moderate pigment removal. The 755‐nm alexandrite picosecond laser is a new option, whereas nonablative fractional picosecond lasers for BN are not recommended. Increasing the number of treatment sessions can improve the curative effect slightly.
Supplementary Tables from Development of a Novel Mouse Model of Spontaneous High-Risk HPVE6/E7–Expressing Carcinoma in the Cervicovaginal Tract
Authors: Henkle Talia R. , Lam Brandon , Kung Yu Jui , Lin John , Tseng Ssu-Hsueh , Ferrall Louise , Xing Deyin , Hung Chien-Fu , Wu T.-C.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Tables 1, 2
Supplementary Data from Development of a Novel Mouse Model of Spontaneous High-Risk HPVE6/E7–Expressing Carcinoma in the Cervicovaginal Tract
Authors: Henkle Talia R. , Lam Brandon , Kung Yu Jui , Lin John , Tseng Ssu-Hsueh , Ferrall Louise , Xing Deyin , Hung Chien-Fu , Wu T.-C.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Figures SF1-SF8 from Mathematical Modeling and Mutational Analysis Reveal Optimal Therapy to Prevent Malignant Transformation in Grade II IDH-Mutant Gliomas
Authors: Aoki Kosuke , Suzuki Hiromichi , Yamamoto Takashi , Yamamoto Kimiyo N. , Maeda Sachi , Okuno Yusuke , Ranjit Melissa , Motomura Kazuya , Ohka Fumiharu , Tanahashi Kuniaki , Hirano Masaki , Nishikawa Tomohide , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Kitano Yotaro , Yamaguchi Junya , Yamazaki Shintaro , Nakamura Hideo , Takahashi Masamichi , Narita Yoshitaka , Nakada Mitsutoshi , Deguchi Shoichi , Mizoguchi Masahiro , Momii Yasutomo , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Abe Tatsuya , Akimoto Jiro , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Saito Ryuta , Ogawa Seishi , Haeno Hiroshi , Natsume Atsushi
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figures S1-S8