bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal Degradation of Flax Fibres as Potential Reinforcement in Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Chaishome J. , Brown K.A. , Brooks R. , Clifford M.J.
Published: February 2014

This work reports on a study of thermal degradation of flax fibres to gain an improved understanding of the use and limitations of flax fibres as reinforcement for thermoplastic composites manufactured by the vacuum forming process. The effect of heating on chemical decomposition and thermal stability was performed, using fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and thermogravimetry (TG) techniques. In addition, the characterisation of micro structures of failure surface following tensile testing of the composites was conducted. The results show that the hemicelluloses decomposition of flax fibres during thermal degradation is a factor to have the detrimental effect on the thermal stability of fibres, particularly with low heating rate. The present investigation, A decrease of hemicellulose and pectin content of the fibres, a decrease of consolidation temperature and an increase of heating rate during the manufacturing of flax fibre thermoplastic composites should improve their mechanical performance.
The Effect of Nanoparticles of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) on Compressive Strength of Concrete
Authors: Namdar Abdoullah , Yahaya Fadzil Mat
Published: February 2014

The quality of a construction material satisfies stability of structure. Several additives have been innovated for improve quality of compressive strength of concrete. In this paper for enhancement of compressive strength of concrete, a simple method has been proposed. The kaolin and bentonite have been treated by heat for duration of 1 hour, with constant temperature. For kaolin 200 oC, 400 oC, 600 oC, 800 oC, 1000 oC and 1200 oC of heat, and for bentonite 200 oC, 400 oC, 600 oC, 800 oC of heat has been subjected. The kaolin and bentonite treated by heat have been proposed as additive for concrete. The objective is to introduce an additive to improve compressive strength of concrete. The microstructure of modified Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) paste has been investigated by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results indicate that the best level of heat for produce additives from kaolin and bentonite, and illustrate quantity of additives for replace a portion of cement in concrete application. Modification of nanoparticles of cement paste during hydration has been discussed.
Investigation of Effect of Geometrical Parameters of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on their Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ageev Oleg. A. , Ilin Oleg I. , Kolomiytsev Alexei S. , Rubashkina Marina V. , Smirnov Vladimir A. , Fedotov Alexander A.
Published: February 2014

In the work the results of experimental researches of geometric and mechanical parameters of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation are presented. Here is also shown the influence of diameter and length of the carbon nanotube on the value of bending stiffness and Young's modulus of nanotubes. The analysis of the experimental researches shows that the magnitude of bending stiffness significantly increases with the increasing of the diameter of the nanotubes and decreases with increasing length of the CNT. Diameter and length of the carbon nanotubes also have the most significant influence on Young's modulus of CNTs. The obtained results can be used to develop the processes of formation of micro-and nanoelectronic elements based on the VACNT.
Effect of Process Parameters on Poly(butylene adipate co-terephthalate) Nanofibers Development by Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Prasanna J. , Monisha T. , Ranjithabala V. , Gupta Ravikant , Vijayakumar E. , Sangeetha D.
Published: February 2014

Electrospinning process is proved to be one of the finest fabrication techniques to produce nanofibers. This research deals with the experimental study on the effect of various process parameters of electrospinning technique such as voltage, flow rate, distance (nozzle to collector distance) and concentration, on the development of nanofibers from a new polymer, namely PBAT. Taguchis experimental design was implemented to carry out this research by conducting an L-18 orthogonal array. Taguchi method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to examine the effect of different process parameters simultaneously on the fabrication of nanofibers. The fibers were characterized through scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the measurement of its diameter. The experimental results indicate that all the chosen process parameters had significant influence on the fiber diameter. It was inferred that the concentration and voltage had a very notable impact on the fiber diameter. Confirmation experimental run was performed on the identified optimal setting of the process parameters.
Synthesis of NiO Electrochromic Films via Two-Step Method
Authors: Rodzi Siti Zairyn Fakurol , Mohd Yusairie
Published: February 2014

Nickel oxide thin films were electrodeposited onto ITO glass substrates by a two-step method: i) electrodeposition of nickel and ii) further thermal oxidation at 300 °C. The surface morphology of the NiO thin films was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the transmittance in the coloured and bleached states were analysed using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of NiO films were measured in 1 M KOH electrolyte by cyclic voltammetry (CV). A good optical quality and highly improved electrochromic performances NiO film was successfully synthesized.
A Sulfide Ion Sensor from Commercial Bentonite
Authors: Morawong Duangsamorn , Wongchaisuwat Atchana , Meesuk Ladda
Published: February 2014

Bentonite is a synonymous term of montmorillonite which is a clay mineral consisting of 2 : 1 aluminosilicate layered structure. In this work, a commercial bentonite was used to prepare an intercalation compound [Ca (2,2-bipyridine)3]2+ in the interlayer space, by solid-solid reaction, which formation was confirmed by the expansion of the interlayer space of bentonite from 1.5 to 1.8 nm, by powder X-Ray Diffraction technique. The intercalation compound [Ca (2,2-bipyridine)3]2+-bentonite was then used as a sensor to assemble a potentiometric electrode. The electrode gave best response to sulfide ion in terms of Nernstian slope. Precision of measurement, reproducibility and percent recovery were also studied. The electrode could be used to measure sulfide ion in real water samples and gave satisfactory results.
Mechanism of Frictional Mortar-Less Panel and its Application in Reinforcement Concrete Frame
Authors: Zhou Xiao Hong
Published: February 2014

In order to improve the seismic behavior of the reinforcement concrete frame, a frictional mortar-less panel (FMP) was researched. In this masonry, the bricks are built without mortar and the lateral capability is supported by the friction between bricks. FMP has less rigid in-plane contribution, and contribute mostly to the energy dissipation of structure. To investigate the seismic behavior of FMP, a simple finite element modeling method has been proposed and verified with ANSYS. After that, the FMP was infilled in a typical reinforcement concrete frame structure and a Taft wave has been applied to research on its seismic behavior. The horizontal displacement, story drift, acceleration and base shear/axial force of RC frame has been achieved, results showed the FMP has considerable benefit to the seismic behavior of RC frame structure and worth to be promoted.
Effects of Nanoclay and CO2 Content on Foaming Behaviors of PP/PS Alloys
Authors: Wang Ming Yi , Zhu Ru Min , Zhou Nan Qiao , Park Chul B.
Published: February 2014

Microcellular foaming behavior of polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) composites with or without the addition of nanoclay was compared in an extrusion foaming process by using supercritical CO2 as the foaming agent. The influence of CO2 content on foaming of the composites was investigated in the study. Our experiment results demonstrated that the introduction of nanoclay dramatically improved the foaming of the PP/PS blends with increased cell-population density and decreased cell size. With the increase of CO2 injected in the foaming process, cell-population density of the foam samples further increased.
Optical Properties and SERS Activities of Thin Au Half-Shell Nanofilms on Glass and Silicon Substrate
Authors: Zhang Xing Fang , Yan Xin , Liu Feng Shou
Published: February 2014

Thin gold hollow half-shell nanostructured films are fabricated by deposited gold over regular arrays of polystyrene nanospheres on glass and silicon substrate respectively in an attempt to evaluate their optical properties and SERS activities. Scanning emission microscopy is used to topographically characterize the nanofilms. Optical spectra taken by UV-vis-NIR spectrometer show that the surface plasmon resonance wavelength of films fabricated on glass is shorter than that fabricated on silicon despite the nanoshell thickness is the same on both substrate, and the SERS intensity excited on silicon is stronger than that on glass because the nanofilms are so thin that the silicon can reflect the SERS signal and excited laser.
Anode-Supported LSGM Films Prepared by Slurry Spin Coating
Authors: Xing Jie , Chen Xiu Hua , Ma Wen Hui , Li Rui , Yang Jian Jun , Yu Jie
Published: February 2014

La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85 (LSGM) electrolyte films were successfully prepared by slurry spin coating method on porous La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O2.75 (LSCM) anode substrates. Ethyl celluloses content, coating cycles for slurry spin coating on the fabrication LSGM electrolyte films were investigated. The compatibility between LSGM and LSCM powders, microstructures and electricity conductivity of fabricated LSGM films were examined using XRD, SEM and electrochemical workstation. The film with good apparent morphology and electrical conductivity were obtained when the operating parameters were setted as the content of ethyl cellulose 10wt%, and the coating cycles 5.
Preparation and Characterization of NiO-LSCM/LSCM Dual Composite Anode for IT-SOFC
Authors: Li Rui , Chen Xiu Hua , Ma Wen Hui , Xing Jie , Yang Jian Jun , Yu Jie
Published: February 2014

The LSCM (La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ) powders were synthesized by glycine-nitrate process (GNP). An anode functional layer (AFL) LSCM was fabricated on an porous NiO-LSCM anode substrate by slurry spin coating. The effect of pore-former, sintering temperature and sintering time on the quality of thin film was investigated. The film with good apparent morphology was obtained when the operating parameters were fixed as follows: the pore-former is ethyl cellulose, the content of ethyl cellulose is 5 wt.%, the sintering temperature is 1000 °C and the sintering time is 4 h.
Preparation of Porous Silica Microspheres by Polymerization-Induced Colloid Aggregation Method
Authors: He Jia Li , Chen Xiu Hua , Zhu Wen Jie , Ma Wen Hui , Xiao Yong Yin , Li Jiao , Zhang Hui
Published: February 2014

The UF resin/SiO2 composites microspheres with particle size of 2μm were successfully prepared by polymerization of silica sol from base-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and urea-formaldehyde via the PICA approach, and then calcination in air to remove organic UF resin and yield porous silica microspheres. The samples were characterized by Zetasizer NanoZS Instrument, SEM and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results showed that the synthesized porous silica microspheres with a BET surface area of 67.01m2/g, a BJH average pore size diameter of 37.32 nm and a total pore volume of 0.69cm3/g, respectively.
The Influence of Rolling Parameters on Metal Flow Law of H-Beam
Authors: Ma Jin Hong , Yao Xiao Han , Tao Bin
Published: February 2014

According to the production data of a rolling H-beam factory, the FE model of hot continuous rolling process of H-beam is built. With the FEM software of DEFORM-3D, the continuous rolling of H-beam was simulated. On base of simulation result, the metal flow and deformation law are discussed. Because of the flange and web is deformed in the different deformation zone, the metal flow law of flange and web is complex, especially the metal of the conjunction of flange and web. The exchange of metal between the flange and the web of H-beam alters to the different elongation ratio of flange and web. The other factors which influents on the metal flow , are taken into consideration, such as rolling speed and friction coefficient. By adjustment to the rolling parameters, the defect of the H-beam is reduced.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2/SnS2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Li Jing , Sun Wei , Dai Wei Min , Zhang Yong Cai
Published: February 2014

TiO2/SnS2 nanocomposite was synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of tin (IV) chloride pentahydrate, thioacetamide and TiO2 nanotubes in deionized water at 150 °C for 3 h. The structure, composition and optical property of the as-synthesized nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and its photocatalytic property was tested in the reduction of aqueous Cr6+ under visible-light (λ > 420 nm) irradiation. It was observed that TiO2 nanotubes exhibited no photocatalytic activity, whereas TiO2/SnS2 nanocomposite exhibited photocatalytic activity in the reduction of aqueous Cr6+ under visible-light (λ > 420 nm) irradiation.
Application of Finite Difference Method in Modeling Quantum Dot Superlattice Silicon Tandem Solar Cell
Authors: Huang Jie , Jiang Jian Liang , Sabeur Abdelkader
Published: February 2014

In this paper we propose an effective method to model quantum dot superlattice silicon tandem solar cell. The Schrödinger equation is solved through finite difference method (FDM) to calculate energy band of three-dimensional silicon quantum dots embedded in the matrix of SiO2 and Si3N4.We simulate the quantum dot superlattice as regularly spaced array of equally sized cubic dots in respective matrix. For simplicity, we consider only one period of the structure in calculation. From the result, the effects of matrix material, dot size and inter-dot distance on the bandgap are obtained.
Effect of Micro-Injection Molding Process Parameters for Warpage in Micro Plate Devices
Authors: Yang Duo
Published: February 2014

The injection molding process of micro plate devices requires several concerns in order to produce a quality output. In part of determining the best parameter settings, among other considerations that need to be taken are the types of plastic materials selected and the mold design. Molding parameters such as packing time, cooling temperature, molding and melting temperatures, packing and injection pressures are the most important factors affecting warpage of the micro plate part. These factors and their interactions were investigated in this research. The effects of processing parameter on the warpage of flat micro devices were analyzed according to the Taguchi method. In this paper, based on the range analysis, the parameter effective sequence was got, as well as the best processing parameters. The molding packing time has the strongest effects on the warpage, and the molding temperature is the secondary parameter. The cooling time has the lowest effects.
Study on Effects of Organic Matter Concentrationon Engineering Ceramics Grinding
Authors: Wu Z.Y. , Tang X.J. , Wang S.H. , Tian X.L.
Published: February 2014

The grinding liquid concentration has a great influence to its application and cost. Based on the tribological properties, viscosity, heat capacity, the research was conducted to find the performance of grinding fluid with difference concentration. Experimental results show that the grinding fluid can be chosen with low concentration in the process of cutting grinding. For the flat surface grinding and the cylindrical grinding, appropriate method is to give high grinding liquid concentration.
Synthesis of PCEC-CaO-SiO2 Hybrid Materials by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Ke Xiao Tian , Huang Cao , Zhang Jin Ling , Wu Gang
Published: February 2014

PCEC-CaO-SiO2hybrid material was synthesized by a two steps method. FTIR results proved the structure of the telechelic PCEC with triethoxysilane-propyl end groups synthesized in the first step. Then the PCEC-CaO-SiO2hybrid material was synthesized by Sol-gel method. The chemical link between the functionalized polymer and the organic components prevent the hybrid materials brittle crack. The compressive strength was increased with the inorganic contents increasing in the hybrid materials. The hydrophilic PEG contents of PCEC accelerate the hydroxyapatite deposition on the hybrid materials after it was soaked in the SBF for a period of time.
Current Situation and Prospect of the Application of FRP in Material Engineering
Authors: Dong Xiao Lin
Published: February 2014

The FRP composite material can replace the traditional under certain conditions, the wood structure of steel and reinforced materials, with high strength, light weight, resistance to corrosion and fatigue resistance, temperature stability and good special, because by civil engineeringcircles. This paper introduces the characteristics of FRP composites, the application of FRP composites in civil engineering are discussed, finally, the prospect of FRP materials are introduced.
Development of Self-Anchored Cable-Stayed Suspension Bridge in China
Authors: Miao Feng
Published: February 2014

Self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge has highly competitive in large-span bridge scheme selection due to it combines both stress characteristics and structural characteristics of cable-stayed bridge and self-anchored suspension bridge. This paper focuses on the development of self-anchored and earth-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge in China, lists the bidding scheme and the actual project of this type bridges.
Finite Element Analysis of Uniaxial Compression of Glazed Hollow Bead of Recycled Concrete Short Columns
Authors: Sun Heng , Li Bai Shou
Published: February 2014

For traditional ordinary concrete wall column prone to thermal bridges, posted outside the insulation board short life than the life of the building，in the glazed hollow bead of recycled concrete foundation with good thermal conductivity test and compressive strength of the proposed ,use glazed hollow bead of recycled concrete exterior wall column instead of the traditional ordinary concrete wall column ,and using the finite element software ANSYS simulation analysis the uniaxial compression of glazed hollow bead of recycled concrete short columns and ordinary concrete short columns. Comparative analysis showed the same intensity level glazed hollow bead of recycled concrete ultimate compressive bearing capacity of an analog value the same as ordinary concrete short columns. To validate the ANSYS simulation of concrete short columns under uniaxial compression condition .
Sedimentary Facies of the First Member of Qingshankou-Formation in Late Cretaceous Songliao Basin of Daqing Oilfield China
Authors: Zhang Qian
Published: February 2014

According to core, logging and seismic data, using tectonic-stratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysise theories in Qingshankou Formation of division and comparison, and the sequence boundary and sequence unit to be optimized, in order to carry out seismic deposition. By determining the levels of sequence interface on seismic, logging and faces reflecting characteristics of the study area to build sequence interface identifier. In the course of practical work, identified the continental basin of the more common of the one to three levels of sequence interface, system interface and the parasequence set interface. In Songliao Basin, second-order sequences often corresponding to the tectonic evolution of the basin episodic stage, and in each period of prototype basin internal episodic tectonic extension or episodic of tectonic inversion is consistent, in Qingshankou Formation in the development of one second-order sequence boundary SB11 (T11), three third-order sequence boundary, there are SB12 (T12), SB13 (T13) and SB2 (T2), seven forth-order sequence boundary. In the plane, using the data of 256 wells, analysis of the distribution characteristics of the sedimentary facies of the first member of Qingshankou-Formation.
Preparation of Ammonium Iron Blue from Copperas and Ammonium Sulfate Wasted Liquid
Authors: Chen Feng , Li Ming Yu
Published: February 2014

Ammonium iron blue was prepared with ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate wasted liquid, ferrous sulfate is a byproduct from titanium dioxide production, and ammonium sulfate waste liquid is produced by ammonia oxidation iron oxide red. The influence of some parameters such as n (FeSO4)/n (Na4Fe (CN)6) ratio, PH value , reaction time, reaction temperature were discussed. The total iron content of ammonium iron blue is 35.89% and the quality of ammonium iron blue was accorded with the industrial standard (HG/T 3001-1999). SEM experimental result proved that the particle size of ammonium iron blue was uniform and about 100-200nm, and the structure of ammonium iron blue is Straight edges polyhedron. XRD experimental result showed that the structure of ammonium iron blue was similar to Fe [Fe (CN)]3.
Study on Coaxial Pulsed Electroflocculation Treatment of Cd2+ in Gold Mining Sewage
Authors: Chu Jin Yu , Shen Da , Huang Wei Hong
Published: February 2014

Study on Cd2+by the self-designed pulse power supplied in gold mining sewage has been investigated. In this paper, the aluminum plate is the reaction plate. This paper analyzes the factors such as current density, the reaction time, initial pH and stir speed on the effect of energy consumption of the gold mining sewage. The removal rate of 96.6% of the cadmium ions can be obtained when operating conditions are current density 1.5 A/dm2, operating time 60 min, initial pH=6, meanwhile the energy consumption 17.81 KWh/mg. In addition of the current density were the main technological parameters in the energy consumption control.
Effects of NiO/TiO2 Mixed Nanoparticles on Quasi-Solid Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Ying , Cui Jia Rui , Yi Peng Fei , Guo Xue Yi
Published: February 2014

In this work, a magnetic polymer electrolyte composed by agarose as polymer matrix, NMP as solvent and NiO/TiO2mixed nanoparticles as modifier was investigated and employed in the solid-sate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The influence of NiO/TiO2mixed nanoparticles on the morphology and ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte was studied by SEM and electrochemical impedance spectra. From SEM analysis, the mixing of NiO with TiO2nanoparticle in polymer electrolyte leads to smooth surface of the polymer electrolyte films. The polymer electrolyte modified by mixed nanoparticles with NiO: TiO2ratio of 1:4 shows the maximum ionic conductivity of 6.64×10-3S·cm-1. From photovoltaic performance study, the increase of NiO: TiO2ratio in polymer electrolyte leads to an improvement in light-to-electric conversion efficiency. The optimal photoelectric efficiency is achieved at NiO: TiO2ratio of 1: 4. Besides, after treatment under an external magnetic field, the DSSC modified with NiO: TiO2ratio of 1: 4 exhibits a better photovoltaic performance than that of DSSC without magnetic field treatment.
Modelling and Simulation of Inverse Kinematics for Planar 3-RRR Parallel Robot Based on SimMechanics
Authors: Gao Jin Ran , Wang Yong Zhao , Chen Zuo Peng
Published: February 2014

Parallel robots are widely used in the manufacturing industry. In this paper, a planar 3-RRR parallel robot is studied. The inverse kinematics mathematical model is established for this kind of mechanism. Furthermore, a physical simulation model is established by virtue of MATLAB/SimMechanics and a relevant inverse kinematics simulation is implemented at the assumption of known conditions of the end-effector of robot. Through inverse kinematics simulation, the motion rules of driving parts of the planar 3-RRR parallel robot are obtained, and visualization of simulation process is realized in the system. The simulation results show that this method is much more effective and convenient when a certain simulation is implemented for the parallel mechanisms. Meanwhile, it provides a theoretical foundation and a better analytical approach of simulation for the controller design and further analysis of complex multi-linkage mechanisms in the future.
Dual Hydraulic Cylinders Synchronized Control Strategy
Authors: Liu Li Ping
Published: February 2014

Through the double cylinder synchronous lifting system in-depth study presents a master-slave control method and the single neuron PID control strategy for controlling synchronization accuracy. Simulation results show that this method can achieve higher precision synchronization control.
Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Performance of Titanium-Modified TUD-1 in the Hydrodesulfurization of FCC Diesel
Authors: Fu Jian Ye , Duan Ai Jun , Zhao Zhen , Jiang Gui Yuan , Liu Jian , Wei Yue Chang
Published: February 2014

Highly active titanium modified 3D mesoporous material Ti-TUD-1 with different Si/Ti molar ratios (10, 25, 50 and 100) were synthesized using TEA as a template and TEAOH as an auxiliary template. The Ti-TUD-1 materials were characterized by means of XRD, TEM and UV-vis DRS. The results showed that Ti was successfully incorporated in the framework of TUD-1 by forming Ti-O-Si bonds. The catalytic activities were tested in a high pressure micro reactor using FCC diesel and the results showed that the HDS efficiency of Ti modified TUD-1(Si/Ti=50) was better than TUD-1, as high as 98.15%.
Research on the Micro Scope Condition of End Face of Liquid-Lubricated Mechanical Seals
Authors: Huang Ze Pei , Zhang Zhi , Zhang Jun Kai , Chen Kan , Fu Pan , Lin Zhi Bin
Published: February 2014

A method for measuring the thickness of liquid-lubricated film of end face and detecting the friction of end face of mechanical seals has been presented in this article. Eddy current sensors installed on the inner ring embedded in the stationary ring of mechanical seals are used to measure the thickness of the liquid-lubricated film. Acoustic emission sensor placed on the stationary ring base is used to detect the friction of end face. The micro scope condition monitoring of end face is of importance to ensure mechanical seals run normally. With a set of tests, the results demonstrate that the method is effective.
Research on Individual Monitoring System Based on PLC Technology
Authors: Zhu Meng Zhong , Xu Jing Wen , Liu He , Shi Yang
Published: February 2014

The paper presents modern PLC's network to Physiological parameter monitoring technology. In this paper a founding method and implement of the system for personal and real-time monitoring is described, including the operation of the whole system. The tests demonstrate that the system is stable, reliable as well as high timely and accuracy. This paper accords with the trend that the network is becoming the new development direction of Measurement Technology and Instrument. While the abnormal incidences happen, the system can immediately give an alarm automatically, in order to save the valued time for patients first aid. The system can monitor the patients continuancely for 24 hours. Just take the very small device of data collection and wireless transmission subsystem, the Patients can move freely in a certain area.
Developments of X-Ray Grating Imaging Technology
Authors: Li Rui Hong , Han Yue Ping
Published: February 2014

The present paper reviews the X-ray grating imaging systems at home and abroad from the aspects of technological characterizations and the newest researching focus. First, not only the imaging principles and the frameworks of the typical X-ray grating imaging system based on Talbot-Lau interferometry method, but also the algorithms of retrieving the signals of attenuation, refraction and small-angle scattering are introduced. Second, the system optimizing methods are discussed, which involves mainly the relaxing the requirement of high positioning resolution and strict circumstances for gratings and designing large field of view with high resolution. Third, two and four-dimensional grating-based X-ray imaging techniques are introduced.
Preparation and Characterization of Scalable and Multi-Functional High Conductivity Polymer Electrode Material
Authors: Tan Kai Jian , Yu Zhan Bo
Published: February 2014

High conductive and polymer composite has good electrical, mechanical and electrochemical properties which is a scalable, multi-functional composite material. It is widely used in electric vehicles, power storage and military fields. This article treats graphene as the working electrode self-supporting film and prepares the structures of the reduction of graphene-polypyrrole-Sulfonated graphene three-layer composite membrane using Polypyrrole electrochemical deposition method. From the electricity microscope, we can observe that the composite film have a closely structure which improves the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of highly conductive polymer material. Finally, this paper studies the electrical properties of the composite film by the way of electrical experiment. From the experiment, we can conclude that in the voltage driver of 1V, the composite film has a better driving performance which can reach a rate of 198 / s. Its cycle life is up to 8000 times. This provides a new method for preparation and study of graphene conductive polymer composite.
A Monitoring System of Biochar Production Device Based on MCGS
Authors: Zhang Zhi Xia , Weng Yan , Meng Jun , Chen Wen Fu , Gao Ji Ping
Published: February 2014

Using configuration software MCGS7.2 to achieve biochar production device monitoring, real-time data display, historical data query and store data dump. The interface of human machine interface is used to choose the monitoring function, it makes the operation of the monitoring system be more centralized. There are many features, such as stable performance, low cost and simple operation in system, which can bring great convenience to biochar production device monitoring.
The Design of Online Water Pollution Monitoring System for Poultry Rearing
Authors: Niu Xiang Jie , Duan Yan E , Li Hua
Published: February 2014

This paper proposes the construction of real-time online water pollution monitoring system for poultry rearing which applies network nodes in the Wireless Sensor Network to monitor the water quality in the poultry rearing areas. The wireless packet communications technology and broadband services are used to transmit the data in long distance. The system can fulfill the functions of online real-time water quality inquire via Web, management control, data collection, and alert. The system software designs the Web network optimization protocols, system monitoring platform, long-distance parameter configuration, and driver programs. The simulation and experiment illustrate the system can achieve 100% successful communication rates. The access speeds in the networks are 5~8 times of those in traditional network. The wireless sensor networks and the long-time monitoring can work normally and reliably in which the speeds can meet the requirements for real-time monitoring. Its suitable for the online real-time water pollution monitoring in the poultry rearing areas.
Simulation Experiment of Differential Improvement Based on PID Control Algorithm
Authors: She Shao Hua
Published: February 2014

The network information processing is realized by the interaction between the processing units, differential forward PID control is the discrete control that is applied to PID control and traditional PID control, and they will produce an improved control method that is an improvement and optimization on the traditional PID control. Firstly, this paper carries on analysis for the conventional control system structure of industrial production process, while the conventional PID control algorithm has been specially compared. On the basis, the modified differential forward PID control is built, and to validate the stability of the system, using MATLAB special simulation tools carry out control effect of simulation experiment. The experimental results show that the improved system can obtain good control effect by weighted processing, to provide technical support for the research of this field to a certain extent.
Application of Virtual Network Electron Microscopy in Materials Science
Authors: Fu Wen Wu
Published: February 2014

This paper first introduces the combination of virtual network and electronic scanner microscope, and uses nonlinear Burgers method to establish virtual network partial differential equations and the algorithm of scanning electron microscopy, and uses MATLAB software to draw the image of algorithm. It verifies the reliability of program. Finally, by using virtual network technology of scanning electron microscopy we obtained the contrast curve diagram of polypyrrole and sulfonated graphene, the image is displayed by three dimension of the virtual network. This method is extended to the teaching arrangement of the historical course and historical events. It provides a new idea and reference for the application of computer in teaching.
Preparation of Solvent-Free Moisture Curable Heavy Anti Corrosion PU Coating
Authors: Zhang Wu Ying , Gao Wei , Lin Feng
Published: February 2014

Isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was synthesized by reaction of polyether polyols with toluene diisocynate and was modified by CaO and hydroxyl silicone oil, then solvent-free moisture curable heavy anti corrosion PU coating was prepared. The structure of cured coating was characterized by FTIR spectra and SEM. The mechanical properties, water tolerance, water contact angle of cured coating were analysed. The results showed that the solvent-free moisture curable heavy anti corrosion PU coating had the best combination property with 5% polyether polyols N210, 4% CaO and 4% hydroxyl silicone oil.
A Novel Control Algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking of Automatic Solar Lighting System
Authors: Yu Jiao , He Xin Sheng , Shen Zi Yin , Lu Xue Wen , Wu Wen Ting , Lu Dan Dan , Wang Bin
Published: February 2014

This article describes the advantages and disadvantages of several common maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithms. And integrating various control algorithms, we propose a novel MPPT control algorithm that using the short-circuit current method at the left of maximum power point, next to the maximum power point using the perturbation and observation method of variable step, which becomes gradually approaching step by step to search, the right of the maximum power point using the open circuit voltage method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the improved algorithm, this paper also compares the traditional perturbation and observation method with the improved algorithm for the simulation, the solar cell output power curve obtained in the experiment will be introduced in the text in detail.
A Discussion of GPS Technology in Highway Bridge Construction
Authors: Zhang Hao
Published: February 2014

Combined with the construction survey of the large-scale bridge, the essential precision is discussed for GPS control network of Highway Bridge. The method of constrained adjustment for GPS network is highlighted to assure the reasonable link of centerlines between the highway and the bridge.
The Design and Implementation of a New S-Curve Acceleration/Deceleration Algorithm
Authors: Han Qing Yu , Jin Dong
Published: February 2014

The acceleration can be controlled using S-curve acceleration/deceleration algorithm in motion process and the impact of system is decreased in the stage of start or stop. So the S-curve is widely used in CNC or robot system. At present, most acceleration/deceleration algorithms are achieved in PC using strong operation ability of CPU, which increase the delay time of PC. So a simple and efficient S-curve acceleration/deceleration algorithm in FPGA is proposed. This algorithm can share the operation press of PC effectively and achieve flexible control of motion control system.
Automotive Fault Diagnosis Based on the Fuzzy Mathematics
Authors: Zhang Hong , Gai Zhi Jie
Published: February 2014

Automobile fault diagnosis is one of the hot issues in detection and diagnosis technology of automobile. The automobile fault has the characteristics of uncertainty and complexity problems. To solve the problems of qualitative description from drivers into quantitative, fuzzy mathematics is introduced. In addition, the fuzzy relationship of automobile fault and fault causes is expressed by setting the membership functions and fuzzy relation matrix. Finally, the qualitative analysis of real cases is present. The fuzzy theory and expert system for automobile fault diagnosis method is proved accurately through the algorithm analysis and real cases.
Study on Regenerative Braking Control Algorithm
Authors: Cai Jian Wei , Chu Liang , Fu Zi Cheng , Wang Yan Bo , Li Wen Hui
Published: February 2014

Based on the traditional hydraulic unit of ESC, Jilin University developed a braking energy recovery system of uniaxial decoupled. A first-order hysteresis filtering method with filtering time factor adaptively corrected was used to calculate driver's braking demand based on pressure of the master cylinder. A series of fixed partition coefficient control strategy was developed, coordinated control of electrical regenerative braking and hydraulic braking was carried out. Vehicle test was carried out. Vehicle test results show that the brake pedal travel simulator and the braking control strategies can improve the energy recovery, and ensure that the brake pedal feel is consistent with the traditional vehicle.
Modeling and Simulation of BLDCM Double Closed-Loop Control System Based on Matlab
Authors: Yang Kai Yu , Song Rui , Wu Hai Dong , Zou Yan Li
Published: February 2014

Based on the mathematical model of brushless DC motor, a simulation model of brushless DC motor (BLDCM) double closed-loop control system is established by using the voltage equation, the electromagnetic torque equation and the motion equation based on Matlab, then introduces the sub-modules of the controlling system in detail. PID control is used in the speed loop and hysteresis current track of PWM is used in the current loop. The reasonability and validity are testified by the simulation results and this novel method offers a new thought way for designing and debugging actual motors.
Robust Synchronization of Light-Emitting Diodes Networks via Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Han Chun Xiao , Li Xiao Qin , Yang Ting Ting , Che Yan Qiu
Published: February 2014

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are ideal candidates for the implementation of a complex network on a chip. Recent studies have demonstrated that LEDs with optoelectronic feedback loop display complex sequences of periodic mixed mode oscillations and chaotic spiking. In this paper, we propose a sliding mode control scheme for synchronization of coupled LEDs networks. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the controller can stabilize the synchronization error dynamics around the origin point, thus robust synchronization can be obtained. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
The Impact of the Choice of Computational Methods on the Results of Simulations of Specific Heat Consumption for Heating a Family House
Authors: Šteffek Libor , Jelínek Petr , Kalánek Jiří , Ostrý Milan
Published: February 2014

There are almost 100 passive houses registered in the Czech Republic, whose design was influenced by simulations coming from various design software from early stages with maximization of energy savings in mind. The accuracy of the simulations however, depends on the level of simplification and accuracy of inputs, such as climatic data, etc. Especially the energy simulations require databases with hourly or monthly climatic data. The questions are, whether these are corresponding with reality and to what extend the difference between the database data and reality will affect the simulations and subsequently the use of the houses.This paper deals with modelling of and energy-efficient house under several sets of climatic data. The analysis was done in monthly steps using Energie 2013 (methodology of ČSN EN ISO 13790:2009) and PHPP 2007 software tools and in hourly steps on the basis of reference data of a climatic year described in ČSN EN ISO 15927-4:2011 (TRNSYS) and from the database of Meteonorm (TRNSYS). The aim of this paper is to point out the differences in the determination of heat consumption using different calculation methods..
Construction in the Trend of Sustainability_Wooden Houses with Integrated Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Oravcová Eva
Published: February 2014

In the architecture design is indispensable to extend the technology and materials, environmentally friendly, energy saving or energy capable (clean, no fumes) produce. The solution appears to be a combination of natural construction materials - primarily wood for timber constructions, wood products as a sustainable material and the use of alternative energy sources, in the building industry (addition to other) mainly photovoltaic (PV) installations. One of possibility for building industry appears to be use of natural construction materials - primarily the use of wood and wood products (as a sustainable material) for build a timber constructions and simultaneously the use of alternative energy sources (in building industry addition to other) mainly photovoltaic installations. The article refers to the possibilities of integration of PV systems in architecture in their various forms of application into the roofs and facades.
Electricity Storage in Passive House in Central Europe Region
Authors: Chuchma Lukáš , Kalousek Miloš
Published: February 2014

Paper deals with theoretical electricity storage possibilities. Theoretic electricity storage system is integrated into system of small photovoltaic power plant (32 m²). Panels are located in the roof of the passive house. Paper shows time distribution of energy flows (PV produce, house energy consumption, storage systém energy coverage etc.) during the days and during the years. Paper shows photovoltaic panel geometry influence on fluctuating of electricity produce and whole this system during the year. Paper closes the discussion about suitability of such electricity storage system for Central Europe region.
CFD Model of an Underfloor Air Cavity Created from Special Fittings and its Verification Using a Laboratory Model
Authors: Renčko Tomáš , Sedláková Anna
Published: February 2014

Recently, there has been a tendency of increased complete reconstructions of historical buildings that have not been administered, nor used and have subsequently fallen into disrepair. The acting humidity can be effectively removed, using ventilated floors. The paradox is that these methods have been used for many centuries and until recently, only in laymans terms. The remaining problem involves drafts in air cavities in general. To assess the airflow in the air cavity, recently commonly used CFD simulations can be employed. In this article CFD simulation of underfloor air cavity created by special fittings is verified by means of laboratory experiment.
Evaluation of Energy Efficiency in Retrofitting Residential Buildings with Large-Panel Structures
Authors: Megyesi Emanuel , Brumaru Mariana
Published: February 2014

Modular blocks of flats built with large prefabricated panels have become widespread in most of central and East-European countries particularly in the 80es, populating large-scale neighbourhoods. In Romania are representing about 37% of the total fund of apartment blocks, being present in most of the cities. The high percentage of thermal bridges and reduced design thermal resistance of the envelope make these buildings a priority in thermal retrofitting.
Using up-to-date calculation methods, the paper presents a thorough analysis of the energy performance of large-panel residential buildings (apartment blocks) before and after renovation. The conclusions are focused on the practical measures to be undertaken for bringing the energy efficiency after retrofitting at the highest possible degree, thus meeting the requirements of the EU legislation and the targets set in the field of energy performance and reduction of CO2 emissions.
Architecture and the Internal Environment in the Current Office Buildings - Environmental Aspects
Authors: Nahálka Pavel
Published: February 2014

Work in the office and the requirements of people as users of this environment changes fundamentally according to the way of implementation of the activities connected with obtaining, processing and exchange of information. Office workplace becomes not only variable, but almost mobile in time and space. Increase in the proportion of communication in administrative office work, changes of its ways and its implementation, and development of work arrangements in the working groups, are all reflected in the increasing demands for customization adaptation of environment office buildings. Architectural concepts thus must respond not only to the wishes of existing customers, but to a large extent also to the anticipated possible scenarios and alternatives of further development. Thus, the need to create spaces adaptable for different levels of group work, the multiple use of workplaces, or for focusing on work on projects with time-limited duration are included in the considerations about an office building. The user of a working environment will require its significantly greater adaptability to highly individualized needs of a diverse range of office activities. To secure them does not only mean better technical parameters of intelligent buildings concepts, but also a better organization of activities and their relation to the projection and architectural design of individual spaces and buildings as a whole.
Case Study of Light Pollution in Urbanized Area of Slovakia
Authors: Fulop Peter , Hanuliak Peter , Mankova Lucia
Published: February 2014

This paper deals with the problem of light pollution and its potential impact on human body. Loss of darkness during the night has a negative effect on the environment, animals, plants and humans. Concerning humans, the light during the night can lead to desynchronization of circadian rhythms with subsequent lower production of sleeping hormone called melatonin. In addition to the negative impact on organisms, there is also economical effect of wastage of lighting during the night. Pollution caused by the occurrence of light during the night is relatively new term, which has been perceived very roughly so far. That is probably the reason, why Slovak legislation deals with this problem very roughly. Some limitation levels of illuminance of billboards were stated, but the legislation doesn ́t deal with the effect of the occurrence of higly influential light during the night on people at their homes.
Colour of External Shading Obstacles and Circadian Stimulus of Indoor Daylighting
Authors: Hraška Jozef , Hartman Peter
Published: February 2014

Colour of external shading obstacles can modify spectral composition of external interreflected component of indoor daylighting. This may play negative role for circadian efficacy of interior daylight. This article has two main purposes. First, the authors present conceptual framework of circadian photometry. Second, results of measurements of external shading obstacles colours influence on interior circadian stimulus in lighting climate in Bratislava are presented.