bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel FLT3/AURK multikinase inhibitor is efficacious against sorafenib-refractory and sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lai You-Liang , Wang Kai-Hung , Hsieh Hsing-Pang , Yen Wan-Ching
Published: January 2022

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer and has a high mortality rate worldwide. Sorafenib is the only systemic treatment demonstrating a statistically significant but modest overall survival benefit. We previously have identified the aurora kinases (AURKs) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) multikinase inhibitor DBPR114 exhibiting broad spectrum anti-tumor effects in both leukemia and solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of DBPR114 in the treatment of advanced HCC.

Methods

Human HCC cell lines with histopathology/genetic background similar to human HCC tumors were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to evaluate the drug effect on endothelial tube formation. Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and mRNA sequencing were employed to investigate the mechanisms of drug action. Xenograft models of sorafenib-refractory and sorafenib-acquired resistant HCC were used to evaluate the tumor response to DBPR114.

Results

DBPR114 was active against HCC tumor cell proliferation independent of p53 alteration status and tumor grade in vitro. DBPR114-mediated growth inhibition in HCC cells was associated with apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and polyploidy formation. Further analysis indicated that DBPR114 reduced the phosphorylation levels of AURKs and its substrate histone H3. Moreover, the levels of several active-state receptor tyrosine kinases were downregulated by DBPR114, verifying the mechanisms of DBPR114 action as a multikinase inhibitor in HCC cells. DBPR114 also exhibited anti-angiogenic effect, as demonstrated by inhibiting tumor formation in HUVEC cells. In vivo, DBPR114 induced statistically significant tumor growth inhibition compared with the vehicle control in multiple HCC tumor xenograft models. Histologic analysis revealed that the DBPR114 treatment reduced cell proliferation, and induced apoptotic cell death and multinucleated cell formation. Consistent with the histological findings, gene expression analysis revealed that DBPR114-modulated genes were mostly related to the G2/M checkpoint and mitotic spindle assembly. DBPR114 was efficacious against sorafenib-intrinsic and -acquired resistant HCC tumors. Notably, DBPR114 significantly delayed posttreatment tumor regrowth and prolonged survival compared with the regorafenib group.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that targeting AURK signaling could be a new effective molecular-targeted agent in the treatment of patients with HCC.
Structure and photocatalytic activity of maleic anhydride-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles by a simple method
Authors: Del Castillo Pável César Hernández , Manuel Saúl Robles , Ruiz Facundo , González Vicente Rodríguez
Published: January 2022

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were functionalized with maleic anhydride (MA). The extension of adsorbed MA on the TiO2 was evaluated by ultrasonic and magnetic stirring. Total Organic Carbon and Thermogravimetric Analysis confirmed the presence of surface MA even after the washing process. The Fourier Transform Infrared and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance spectra clearly showed the chemical anchored maleic anhydride on the TiO2 surface as bidentate bridging adsorption. The surface modification of TiO2 extended its light absorption range to the visible light region reducing its bandgap energy from 3.05 to 2.55 eV. X-Ray Diffraction patterns showed that the TiO2 functionalized presented a mixture of anatase and rutile phases without any crystalline phase transformation after MA chemisorption process. The functionalization percentage and the reaction efficiency for the TiO2 with 5 wt% MA sample were 3.6 and 69%, respectively, as shown by Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermogravimetric Analysis. The performance of pure and functionalized TiO2 samples were evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation of the Methyl Orange dye under ultraviolet light. TiO2 with 5 wt% MA produced a maximum degradation of 97% after 90 min, 3% higher than the commercial TiO2.
Genetic predisposition study of heart failure and its association with cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kaviarasan Vaishak , Mohammed Vajagathali , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan
Published: January 2022

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical condition distinguished by structural and functional defects in the myocardium, which genetic and environmental factors can induce. HF is caused by various genetic factors that are both heterogeneous and complex. The incidence of HF varies depending on the definition and area, but it is calculated to be between 1 and 2% in developed countries. There are several factors associated with the progression of HF, ranging from coronary artery disease to hypertension, of which observed the most common genetic cause to be cardiomyopathy. The main objective of this study is to investigate heart failure and its association with cardiomyopathy with their genetic variants. The selected novel genes that have been linked to human inherited cardiomyopathy play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of HF. Research sources collected from the human gene mutation and several databases revealed that numerous genes are linked to cardiomyopathy and thus explained the hereditary influence of such a condition. Our findings support the understanding of the genetics aspect of HF and will provide more accurate evidence of the role of changing disease accuracy. Furthermore, a better knowledge of the molecular pathophysiology of genetically caused HF could contribute to the emergence of personalized therapeutics in future.
Mechanochemical Acetylene Hydrogenation on Fragments of Ni-based Alloys Containing Oxophilic Metal Elements
Authors: Takayama Tomoaki , Komatsu Takayuki
Published: January 2022

Mechanochemical hydrogenation of acetylene on fragments of Ni-based alloys was investigated using planetary ball milling. Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and solid solutions were employed as alloys. Among the alloys, NiAl and NiGa IMCs as well as Ni0.5Fe0.5 solid solution retained their crystal structures after the pulverization. The pulverization exposed fresh surfaces on which ethylene is adsorbed weakly compared to the monometallic Ni surface.
Polarization-controllable and angle-insensitive multiband Yagi-Uda-shaped metamaterial absorber in the microwave regime
Authors: Bilal R. M. H. , Baqir M. A. , Iftikhar A. , Naqvi S. A. , Mughal M. J. , Ali M. M.
Published: January 2022

This paper reports a multiband Yagi-Uda shaped metamaterial absorber (YUMA) operating in X- and Ku-band of the microwave regime with the added functionalities of miniaturization, polarization controllability and wide incidence angle stability. The proposed YUMA shows three distinctive near-unity absorption peaks corresponding to 10.64 GHz, 12.08 GHz, and 14.09 GHz frequencies. The YUMA was analyzed under different oblique incidence angles for transverse electric (TE)-mode and different rotation angles of the top metasurface. The results showed that the proposed YUMA possesses multifunctional characteristics such as polarization controllability, and wide incidence angle stability. The comparison of simulated and measured results further demonstrates that the proposed absorber can be a potential candidate in polarization detection systems and transmissive polarizers. The proposed YUMA operating in the X- and Ku-band can have potential uses in several other applications, such as air traffic control, weather monitoring, military radar, and satellite communication.
Recent global warming as a proximate cause of deforestation and forest degradation in northern Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Saif , Syed Nizami Moazzam , Gang Tian , Noor Rana Shahzad , Ahmad Sarir , Waqas Muhammad Mohsin , Shah Adnan Noor , Ullah Sami
Published: January 2022

Instrumental climatological records such as weather stations data of northern areas of Pakistan are not sufficient to assessthe forest extreme eventsreliably. To understand the past climatic variability, tree ring width based climatic reconstruction is the best alternative to trace climate variability that goes back in time.Quercus Incanais the most sensitive species to drought and climatic variation in northern Pakistan. However, very little research quantifies the rate of ongoing climatic changes. A total of 65 tree cores were collected from two sites to understand the radial growth ofQ.Incanato extreme drought events. The radial growth is mainly affected by high temperatures during May-July. In addition, radial growth exhibits a positive correlation with February-June precipitation while it is negatively correlated with the September precipitation. The radial growth decrease, particularly in harsh climatic conditions. The reconstructed tree ring record was strongly coherent with the May-June self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) and reliable in reconstructing drought variability for the period 1750–2014. During the past 264 years, wet periods were found during 1980–2010, 1812–1836, and 1754–1760, while dry periods were found during 1896–1922, 1864–1876, and 1784–1788. Our reconstruction explains 39.8% of the scPDSI variance. The extreme drought and wet years we arrived at were in close agreement with the drought and wet periods that occurred in northern Pakistan. Wavelet analysis revealed drought variability at periodicities of 2.2–2.5, 3.3, 3–4, 16.7, 16.8, and 68–78.8 years. Hence it is concluded that deforestation and forest degradation rate increased with extreme drought and wet years. Overall, the variation of drought in northern Pakistan seems to have been affected due to El Nino south oscillation, Pacific decadal oscillation, or Atlantic multi-decadal oscillations.
Vaccines to prevent COVID-19: A living systematic review with Trial Sequential Analysis and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Korang Steven Kwasi , von Rohden Elena , Veroniki Areti Angeliki , Ong Giok , Ngalamika Owen , Siddiqui Faiza , Juul Sophie , Nielsen Emil Eik , Feinberg Joshua Buron , Petersen Johanne Juul , Legart Christian , Kokogho Afoke , Maagaard Mathias , Klingenberg Sarah , Thabane Lehana , Bardach Ariel , Ciapponi Agustín , Thomsen Allan Randrup , Jakobsen Janus C. , Gluud Christian
Published: January 2022

Background

COVID-19 is rapidly spreading causing extensive burdens across the world. Effective vaccines to prevent COVID-19 are urgently needed.

Methods and findings

Our objective was to assess the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines through analyses of all currently available randomized clinical trials. We searched the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and other sources from inception to June 17, 2021 for randomized clinical trials assessing vaccines for COVID-19. At least two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risks of bias. We conducted meta-analyses, network meta-analyses, and Trial Sequential Analyses (TSA). Our primary outcomes included all-cause mortality, vaccine efficacy, and serious adverse events. We assessed the certainty of evidence with GRADE. We identified 46 trials; 35 trials randomizing 219 864 participants could be included in our analyses. Our meta-analyses showed that mRNA vaccines (efficacy, 95% [95% confidence interval (CI), 92% to 97%]; 71 514 participants; 3 trials; moderate certainty); inactivated vaccines (efficacy, 61% [95% CI, 52% to 68%]; 48 029 participants; 3 trials; moderate certainty); protein subunit vaccines (efficacy, 77% [95% CI, −5% to 95%]; 17 737 participants; 2 trials; low certainty); and viral vector vaccines (efficacy 68% [95% CI, 61% to 74%]; 71 401 participants; 5 trials; low certainty) prevented COVID-19. Viral vector vaccines decreased mortality (risk ratio, 0.25 [95% CI 0.09 to 0.67]; 67 563 participants; 3 trials, low certainty), but comparable data on inactivated, mRNA, and protein subunit vaccines were imprecise. None of the vaccines showed evidence of a difference on serious adverse events, but observational evidence suggested rare serious adverse events. All the vaccines increased the risk of non-serious adverse events.

Conclusions

The evidence suggests that all the included vaccines are effective in preventing COVID-19. The mRNA vaccines seem most effective in preventing COVID-19, but viral vector vaccines seem most effective in reducing mortality. Further trials and longer follow-up are necessary to provide better insight into the safety profile of these vaccines.
Selfish risk-seeking can provide an evolutionary advantage in a conditional public goods game
Authors: Testori Martina , Eisenbarth Hedwig , Hoyle Rebecca B.
Published: January 2022

While cooperation and risk aversion are considered to be evolutionarily advantageous in many circumstances, and selfish or risky behaviour can bring negative consequences for individuals and the community at large, selfish and risk-seeking behaviour is still often observed in human societies. In this paper we consider whether there are environmental and social conditions that favour selfish risk-seeking individuals within a community and whether tolerating such individuals may provide benefits to the community itself in some circumstances. We built an agent-based model including two types of agent—selfish risk-seeking and generous risk-averse—that harvest resources from the environment and share them (or not) with their community. We found that selfish risk-seekers can outperform generous risk-averse agents in conditions where their survival is moderately challenged, supporting the theory that selfish and risk-seeking traits combined are not dysfunctional but rather can be evolutionarily advantageous for agents. The benefit for communities is less clear, but when generous agents are unconditionally cooperative communities with a greater proportion of selfish risk-seeking agents grow to a larger population size suggesting some advantage to the community overall.
Machine learning accurately predicts the multivariate performance phenotype from morphology in lizards
Authors: Lailvaux Simon P. , Mishra Avdesh , Pun Pooja , Ul Kabir Md Wasi , Wilson Robbie S. , Herrel Anthony , Hoque Md Tamjidul
Published: January 2022

Completing the genotype-to-phenotype map requires rigorous measurement of the entire multivariate organismal phenotype. However, phenotyping on a large scale is not feasible for many kinds of traits, resulting in missing data that can also cause problems for comparative analyses and the assessment of evolutionary trends across species. Measuring the multivariate performance phenotype is especially logistically challenging, and our ability to predict several performance traits from a given morphology is consequently poor. We developed a machine learning model to accurately estimate multivariate performance data from morphology alone by training it on a dataset containing performance and morphology data from 68 lizard species. Our final, stacked model predicts missing performance data accurately at the level of the individual from simple morphological measures. This model performed exceptionally well, even for performance traits that were missing values for >90% of the sampled individuals. Furthermore, incorporating phylogeny did not improve model fit, indicating that the phenotypic data alone preserved sufficient information to predict the performance based on morphological information. This approach can both significantly increase our understanding of performance evolution and act as a bridge to incorporate performance into future work on phenomics.
Environmental drivers of dynamic soil erosion change in a Mediterranean fluvial landscape
Authors: Diodato Nazzareno , Fiorillo Francesco , Rinaldi Massimo , Bellocchi Gianni
Published: January 2022

Background

Rainfall and other climatic agents are the main triggers of soil erosion in the Mediterranean region, where they have the potential to increase discharge and sediment transport and cause long-term changes in the river system. For the Magra River Basin (MRB), located in the upper Tyrrhenian coast of Italy, we estimated changes in net erosion as a function of the geographical characteristics of the basin, the seasonal distribution of precipitation, and the vegetation cover.

Methods and findings

Based on rainfall erosivity and surface flow and transport sub-models, we developed a simplified model to assess basin-wide sediment yields on a monthly basis by upscaling the point rainfall input. Our calibration dataset of monthly data (Mg km-2month-1, available for the years 1961 and 1963–1969) revealed that our model satisfactorily reproduces the net soil erosion in the study area (R2= 0.81). For the period 1950–2020, the reconstruction of an annually aggregated time-series of monthly net erosion data (297 Mg km-2yr-1on average) indicated a moderate decline in sediment yield after 1999. This is part of a long-term downward trend, which highlights the role played by land-use changes and reforestation of the mountainous areas of the basin.

Conclusion

This study shows the environmental history and dynamics of the basin, and thus the varying sensitivity of hydrological processes and their perturbations. Relying on a few climatic variables as reported from a single representative basin location, it provides an interpretation of empirically determined factors that shape active erosional landscapes. In particular, we showed that the most recent extreme storms associated with sediment yield have been characterised by lower cumulative rainfall, indicating a greater propensity for the basin to produce sediment more discontinuously over time.
Stress, non-restorative sleep, and physical inactivity as risk factors for chronic pain in young adults: A cohort study
Authors: Lindell Maja , Grimby-Ekman Anna
Published: January 2022

Background

Chronic pain is a common condition which causes patients much suffering and is very costly to society. Factors known to be associated with chronic pain include female gender, acute pain, depression, and anxiety. This study investigated whether stress, sleep disturbance, and physical inactivity were risk factors for developing chronic pain among young adults, and whether there were any interactions between these.

Methods

This retrospective longitudinal study was based on an existing database from a cohort study on IT use and health, called Health 24 Years. A questionnaire was sent to students aged 19–24 in Sweden for five consecutive years, containing questions on pain, stress, sleep, physical activity, technology use, health, and more. In logistic regressions, stress, sleep, and physical activity at baseline were potential predictors of chronic pain one and four years later. In addition, a new variable including all possible interactions between potential predictors was created to test for effect modification between risk factors.

Results

At the one-year follow-up, stress, non-restorative sleep, and physical inactivity showed odds ratios of 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0–2.4), 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0–2.3), and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1–3.0) respectively after adjusting for confounders, the reference being non-stressed, having restorative sleep and being active. At the four-year follow-up, stress showed an adjusted odds ratio of 1.9 (95% CI: 1.3–2.9), while non-restorative sleep and physical inactivity were statistically insignificant. At the one-year follow-up, the interaction between risk factors were significant. The most clear example of this effect modification was to be inactive and not have -restorative sleep, compared to individuals who were active and had restorative sleep, showing an adjusted odds ratio of 6.9 (95% CI: 2.5–19.2) for developing chronic pain one year after baseline. This in comparison of odds ratios for only inactive respectively only non-restorative sleep being 1.7 (95% CI: 0.6–5.3) respectively 1.6 (95% CI: 0.7–3.5).

Conclusions

Stress, non-restorative sleep, and physical inactivity were risk factors for developing chronic pain one year after baseline, and stress were also a risk factor four years after baseline. These findings suggest that non-restorative sleep and inactivity are risk factors in the short term while stress is a risk factor in both the short and the long term. In addition to the independent effects of non-restorative sleep and inactivity, their combination seems to further increase the odds of chronic pain.
Validation of the Perception Neuron system for full-body motion capture
Authors: Choo Corliss Zhi Yi , Chow Jia Yi , Komar John
Published: January 2022

Recent advancements in Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) offers the possibility of its use as a cost effective and portable alternative to traditional optoelectronic motion capture systems in analyzing biomechanical performance. One such commercially available IMU is the Perception Neuron motion capture system (PNS). The accuracy of the PNS had been tested and was reported to be a valid method for assessing the upper body range of motion to within 5° RMSE. However, testing of the PNS was limited to upper body motion involving functional movement within a single plane. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to further validate the Perception Neuron system with reference to a conventional optoelectronic motion capture system (VICON) through the use of dynamic movements (e.g., walking, jogging and a multi-articular sports movement with object manipulation) and to determine its feasibility through full-body kinematic analysis. Validation was evaluated using Pearson’s R correlation, RMSE and Bland-Altman estimates. Present findings suggest that the PNS performed well against the VICON motion analysis system with most joint angles reporting a RMSE of < 4° and strong average Pearson’s R correlation of 0.85, with the exception of the shoulder abduction/adduction where RMSE was larger and Pearson’s R correlation at a moderate level. Bland-Altman analysis revealed that most joint angles across the different movements had a mean bias of less than 10°, except for the shoulder abduction/adduction and elbow flexion/extension measurements. It was concluded that the PNS may not be the best substitute for traditional motion analysis technology if there is a need to replicate raw joint angles. However, there was adequate sensitivity to measure changes in joint angles and would be suitable when normalized joint angles are compared and the focus of analysis is to identify changes in movement patterns.
Determinants of life expectancy in most polluted countries: Exploring the effect of environmental degradation
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mafizur , Rana Rezwanul , Khanam Rasheda
Published: January 2022

Background

Better understanding of the determinants of national life expectancy is crucial for economic development, as a healthy nation is a prerequisite for a wealthy nation. Many socioeconomic, nutritional, lifestyle, genetic and environmental factors can influence a nation’s health and longevity. Environmental degradation is one of the critical determinants of life expectancy, which is still under-researched, as the literature suggests.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the determinants of life expectancy in 31 world’s most polluted countries with particular attention on environmental degradation using the World Bank annual data and British Petroleum data over the period of 18 years (2000–2017).

Methods

The empirical investigation is based on the model of Preston Curve, where panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) and feasible general least square (FGLS) estimates are employed to explore the long-run effects. Pairwise Granger causality test is also used to have short-run causality among the variables of interest, taking into account the cross-sectional dependence test and other essential diagnostic tests.

Results

The results confirm the existence of the Preston Curve, implying the positive effect of economic growth on life expectancy. Environmental degradation is found as a threat while health expenditure, clean water and improved sanitation affect the life expectancy positively in the sample countries. The causality test results reveal one-way causality from carbon emissions to life expectancy and bidirectional causalities between drinking water and life expectancy and sanitation and life expectancy.

Conclusion

Our results reveal that environmental degradation is a threat to having improved life expectancy in our sample countries. Based on the results of this study, we recommend that: (1) policy marker of these countries should adopt policies that will reduce carbon emissions and thus will improve public health and productivity; (2) environment-friendly technologies and resources, such as renewable energy, should be used in the production process; (3) healthcare expenditure on a national budget should be increased; and (4) clean drinking water and basic sanitation facilities must be ensured for all people.
Differences by sexual orientation in treatment outcome and satisfaction with treatment among inpatients of a German psychiatric clinic
Authors: Plöderl Martin , Mestel Robert , Fartacek Clemens
Published: January 2022

A wealth of research suggests that sexual minority individuals experience stigma and lack of sexual minority specific competencies in mental health care, which could lead to less optimal treatment outcome. However, most related research suffers from methodological limitations, such as selected samples, retrospective design, or not assessing treatment outcome. To overcome some of these limitations, we explored if sexual minority patients have poorer treatment outcome and are less satisfied with treatment in a mental health care setting not specialized in sexual minority issues. The analytical sample comprised 5609 inpatients, including 11% sexual minority patients, from a German psychiatric clinic. Outcomes were improvement in well-being and depression from admission to discharge, and satisfaction with treatment judged at discharge. Nearly all sexual orientation differences were in a direction hinting at less improvement of depression and well-being and less satisfaction among sexual minority compared to heterosexual patients. However, the differences were generally small and not statistically significant. Stigma and lacking sexual orientation specific competency in healthcare may not be universally present or not as severe as studies with other research designs suggested. However, this needs to be investigated in more clinical settings by including sexual orientation as part of the routine assessment. Moreover, adequate sexual-minority specific competencies are important in any case, not just to prevent that sexual minority patients benefit less from treatment.
Tratamento de solos através de colunas de jet grouting
Authors: Pinto Alexandre , Falcão João , Pinto Francisco , Ribeiro José
Published: January 2022

No presente trabalho são apresentados os principais critérios de concepção e de execução as sociados a soluções de tratamento de solos através de colunas de solo cimento, em particular de jet grouting, encabeçadas por plataformas de transferência de cargas (LTP), estas últimas constituídas por aterros reforça dos por geossintéticos: geogrelhas biaxais em polipropileno e geotêxteis de alta resistência.
Avaliação da fiabilidade dos ensaios de laboratório na previsão da danificação durante a instalação in situ de geossintéticos
Authors: Lopes Margarida , Lopes M. Lurdes , Paula Miguel
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta o efeito da danificação durante a instalação no comportamento à tracção de três tipos diferentes de geossintéticos. A danificação é induzida nos geossintéticos por dois procedimentos: ensaios in situ e ensaios laboratoriais, executados de acordo com a ENV ISO 10722-1. São descritas as propriedades dos solos e dos geossintéticos. Nos ensaios in situ são usados dois tipos de solos compactados com duas energias diferentes para estudar a influência na danificação durante a instalação do tipo de geossintético e do tipo de solo, bem como da energia de compactação. Os ensaios laboratoriais de danificação durante a instalação foram executados com três agregados diferentes, dois naturais e um sintético. Os resultados dos ensaios in situ e laboratoriais são comparados para avaliar a fiabilidade dos ensaios de laboratório na previsão da danificação induzida in situ. Concluiu-se que a estrutura do geossintético, a dimensão das partículas do solo e a sua angulosidade, bem como a energia de compactação têm grande influência na danificação induzida in situ. Os resultados dos ensaios laboratoriais evidenciaram grande influência da estrutura do geossintético e da angulo sidade das partículas de solo. Finalmente, constatou-se que a fiabilidade dos ensaios laboratoriais na previsão da danificação durante a instalação in situ, depende do tipo de geossintético e do tipo de solo confinante.
Interacção de compostos org nicos da gasolina com três tipos de solos. Parte I – Desenvolvimento do estudo de retenção
Authors: Jorge Celeste , Moura Cosme , Lopes M. Lurdes , Coelho António
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho aborda o comportamento dos compostos indicadores da presença de gasolina (BTEX - Benzeno, Tolueno, Etilbenzeno e Xilenos) em diversos tipos de solos, na zona não saturada. Mediante simu - la ção laboratorial criaram-se as condições de contacto dos BTEX com três solos diferentes não contaminados, em situação controlada geotécnica e quimicamente, com o objectivo de se estudar o processo de interacção que se estabelece entre as fases existentes nos sistemas considerados. Neste estudo, aspirava-se compreender em que aspecto é que as interacções entre as fases que constituem o sistema do solo podem ser mais ou menos importantes. A simulação laboratorial foi desenvolvida com a pretensão de conhecer o processo de retenção dos contaminantes na fase sólida. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o papel do teor em água (> 4%) sobrepõe-se ao da mineralogia do solo. A mineralogia dos solos é, particularmente, importante para as condi - ções de solos secos a muito secos, coadjuvada pela concentração dos contaminantes.
Interacção de compostos orgânicos da gasolina com três tipos de solos. Parte II – Simulação laboratorial de descontaminação
Authors: Jorge Celeste , R. Moura Cosme
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho resulta de um estudo de simulação laboratorial do processo de descontaminação por ventilação de solos diversos, reconstituídos dentro de reactores projectados e construídos para os propósitos pretendidos, depois de dopados com BTEX – Benzeno, Tolueno, Etilbenzeno e Xilenos. Os provetes dos solos foram reconstituídos com características diferentes, dois provetes por cada tipo de solo. Através dessa modelação em laboratório, estudaram-se as interacções entre contaminantes na fase gasosa e as fracções sólida e aquosa dos diversos solos. Determinaram-se, ainda, as condições dos solos que poderão permitir maior ou menor reversibi - li dade dos processos intervenientes. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a influência da natureza e das con dições geotécnicas dos solos não foram tão nítidas como se previa, evidenciando-se o papel do teor em água, que foi mantido durante os ensaios, por saturação do fluxo de ar percolante.
Avaliação da susceptibilidade e delimitação de áreas de risco ao escorregamento em encostas do sítio urbano do município de Ilhéus-BA, Brasil
Authors: Gomes Ronaldo , Franco Gustavo , Teixeira Niel , Menezes Agna
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho foi concebido no sentido de desenvolver estudos destinados a compreensão dos fa - to res condicionantes do perigo ao escorregamento e consequentemente o entendimento dos problemas de esta - bi lidade de encostas, tendo em vista à determinação da distribuição espacial das classes de susceptibilidade e de áreas de risco no sítio urbano de Ilhéus. Para tanto, a metodologia adotada contempla a execução de pro - du tos cartográficos na escala 1:10.000, como a carta geológico-geotécnica, de formas de relevo, de mani fes - ta ções de escorregamento, de uso e ocupação e de susceptibilidade ao escorregamento. Estes dados foram úteis para delimitação de 44 áreas consideradas de risco, cada uma delas caracterizadas a partir da utilização de in - for mações preexistentes que contemplam dados sócio-econômicos e de infra-estrutura urbana. Os dados e informações foram sistematizados e armazenados em meio digital utilizando-se a tecnologia de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas.
Resíduo do processo de reciclagem de papel como material alternativo para aplicações em geotecnia ambiental
Authors: Marinho Fernando , Cabral Alexandre , Teixeira Cláudia , Teixeira Paula
Published: January 2022

Para fabricar papel a partir de aparas é preciso separar as fibras secundárias de celulose dos agregados e contaminantes do papel. Devido às limitações do processo, até 30 % das fibras são perdidas na forma de resíduo, sobretudo na etapa de remoção da tinta. O resíduo de papel, que por suas características é também chamado de material argilo-fibroso, é composto principalmente por fibras de celulose, argila e calcita. Este resíduo vem sendo estudado como material geotécnico alternativo e vários projetos foram executados, in - cluin do projetos de larga escala no campo. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de estudos realizados em dois resí duos da indústria de papel brasileira e canadense. Os estudos aqui apresentados mostram o grande po ten - cial de utilização de subprodutos da reciclagem de papel como material de recobrimento, seja em aterros sani - tá rios ou em sítios de mineração.
Evolução no tempo do comportamento mecânico de solos melhorados com cal aérea
Authors: Fonseca António , Neves Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Neste trabalho resumem-se os resultados obtidos num de três solos, que fizeram parte de um estudo laboratorial mais alargado realizado sobre manchas de empréstimo distintas em Portugal Continental e que se encontram frequentemente nas obras geotécnicas realizadas no país, designadamente na construção de aterros. Sobre estes solos foi realizada uma caracterização física e química inicial e, posteriormente, os mesmos foram submetidos a uma estabilização com três teores 1,5; 2,5 e 4% de cal viva (óxido de cálcio). Com a finalidade de avaliar as modificações imediatas foram realizados ensaios de caracterização - análises granulométricas, determinação de limites de Atterberg, azul de metileno, equivalente de areia e densidade das partículas -, ensaios de compactação Proctor e CBR. Neste artigo, serão especialmente enfocados os resultados relevantes de ensaios triaxiais com amostras dos solos naturais e de solo estabilizado, com cura a 7 dias e mais de 1 ano, tanto na vertente da resposta mecânica como hidráulica. O efeito do tempo na cimentação pelas benéficas reacções pozolânicas será aqui debatido, sendo enquadrado com a tendência de crescimento de resistência obtida em ensaios de compressão simples, realizados a vários e crescentes tempos de cura.
Um novo equipamento para a determinação de parâmetros geotécnicos
Authors: Mahler Cláudio , Carvalho Amaury , Silveira Ana
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um equipamento desenvolvido para obter parâmetros fundamentais do comportamento geotécnico de resíduos sólidos dispostos em aterros, os quais compreendem o peso específico, teor de umidade, capacidade de campo, peso específico médio dos sólidos e porosidade. Todos os componentes foram projetados para coletar amostras de resíduos sólidos no campo com o mínimo de perturbação. Com o objetivo de aferir o equipamento foram feitas diversas coletas de amostras, sendo os resultados comparados com valores determinados através do ensaio de cava in situ e da determinação do peso específico através do controle da pesagem na entrada do aterro e de medidas topográficas das células de resíduos. Os parâmetros geotécnicos obtidos com o novo equipamento apresentaram resultados bastante satisfatórios.
Sistemática para gestão de passivos ambientais associados a escorregamentos em rodovias
Authors: Garibaldi Célia , Soares Lindolfo , Filho Oswaldo
Published: January 2022

As rodovias desempenham papel fundamental nos programas de desenvolvimento de um país, e no Brasil em particular. Entretanto, a forma como foram implantadas e operadas geraram muitos impactos negativos ao meio ambiente, que constituem passivos ambientais rodoviários. Neste contexto, discute-se neste trabalho a sistemática desenvolvida para a caracterização, classificação, hierarquização e acompanhamento de passivos ambientais associados a escorregamentos, e sua aplicação na Rodovia Padre Manoel da Nóbrega. A sistemática foi desenvolvida apoiando-se nos fundamentos da cartografia geotécnica e da gestão ambiental de rodovias o que possibilitou propor diferentes ações para gestão dos passivos ambientais, e poderá trazer significativa contribuição ao gerenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos lineares.
Determinação de parâmetros mecânicos de resíduos sólidos urbanos por meio de ensaios realizados em laboratório
Authors: Ribeiro André , Azevedo Roberto , Rocha Eliane , Azevedo Izabel , Loreto Alessandro
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a resistência, a compressibilidade, a condutividade hidráulica e a capacidade de campo de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), em função do peso específico e do teor de umidade dos resíduos, utilizando equipamentos de grandes dimensões. Amostras de RSU foram coletadas nos aterros controlados das cidades de Viçosa e Ponte Nova, no estado de Minas Gerais, no Brasil. O artigo apresenta detalhes dos equipamentos desenvolvidos, bem como da metodologia usada e os resultados encontrados. As conclusões apontam que os equipamentos mostraram-se adequados e os resultados obtidos forneceram valores coerentes com os encontrados na literatura.
Aplicabilidade de cinzas de incineração de resíduo sólido urbano em camadas de base de pavimentos
Authors: Casagrande Michéle , Gino Gino , Motta Laura
Published: January 2022

Este estudo apresenta a caracterização de cinzas obtidas da incineração de Resíduo Sólido Urbano (RSU) em usina geradora de energia elétrica, tendo como objetivo avaliar sua aplicabilidade em camadas de base de pavimentos rodoviários, através da mistura destas cinzas a um solo argiloso não-laterítico regional. Foram realizados ensaios de caracterização química, física e mecânica, para o solo puro e para o mesmo com a adição de diferentes teores de cinzas (20 e 40%), bem como o dimensionamento mecanístico-empírico para uma estrutura típica de pavimento. A cinza volante diminuiu a expansibilidade do material, apresentando um aumento no valor de CBR e módulo resiliente. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, sendo dependentes do teor e do tipo de cinza utilizado, ressaltando o emprego positivo da cinza volante de RSU para aplicação em camadas de base de pavimentos rodoviários.
Pausânias. Descrição da Grécia: Livro I
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima
Published: January 2022

Pausânias é o nosso único testemunho de literatura periegética e o autor de um relato precioso sobre a Grécia da época de ocupação romana (séc. II d.C.). A sua descrição é a de alguém que viajou e sintetiza o que 'viu', com um olhar que não é só o de um turista curioso, mas de um intelectual que dispõe de uma sólida formação cultural e de uma informação ampla, em resultado de uma recolha criteriosa de todo o tipo de fontes, orais e escritas. Para com Pausânias mantemos em aberto uma enorme dívida: a de ter salvado um lastro de monumentos, de acontecimentos históricos, de figuras e de tradições que, sem ele, se teriam em definitivo apagado da memória dos homens.
The Effectiveness of Flourish Training on Occupational Wellbeing among Trainers of Exceptional Children with Special Needs in Yazd
Authors: Naghashian Hamed , Naami Abdozahra , Zargar Yadollah , Beshlide Kiumars , Arshadi Nasrin
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND The present study intended to determine the effectiveness of flourish training on occupational wellbeing. The statistical population of this study were trainers of exceptional children with special needs. METHODS Thirty people were randomly selected among this population and then appointed to two experiment and control groups. Pretest-posttest with control group design was used to achieve the objectives of the study. Study instruments included occupational wellbeing, occupational burnout, occupational motivation, and occupational fascination questionnaires (for both groups). Flourish training was performed on the experiment group in 10 sessions, and the post-test was carried out for both groups after the end of the sessions. Then, multivariate analysis tests and SPSS v17 were used to analyse data. RESULTS The results showed that flourish training made a significant difference in all research variables between experiment (133.6 ± 33.65) and control (121.8 ± 80.52) groups. It means that the mean of the experiment group has significantly increased compared to the control group, indicating flourish training effectiveness on occupational wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may be used to improve positivism among individuals. KEY WORDS Flourish Training, Occupational Wellbeing, Exceptional Children, Special Needs
PROTAC technology for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: advances and perspectives
Authors: Inuzuka Hiroyuki , Liu Jing , Wei Wenyi , Rezaeian Abdol-Hossein
Published: January 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progression of neuronal degeneration, resulting in dysfunction of cognition and mobility. Many neurodegenerative diseases are due to proteinopathies arising from unusual protein accumulation and aggregation. The aggregation of misfolded proteins, such as β-amyloid, α-synuclein, tau, and polyglutamates, is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These aggregated proteins are undruggable targets and usually do not respond to conventional small-molecule agents. Therefore, developing novel technologies and strategies for decreasing the levels of protein aggregates is critical for the treatment of AD. Recently, the emerging proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has been considered for artificial, selective degradation of aberrant target proteins. These engineered bifunctional molecules engage target proteins, which are then degraded either by the cellular degradation machineryviathe ubiquitin-proteasome system or through the autophagy-lysosome degradation pathway. Although PROTAC technology is preferable to oligonucleotides and antibodies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, many limitations, such as their pharmacokinetic properties, tissue distribution, and cell permeability, must be addressed. Herein, we review recent advances in PROTAC technology, as well as PROTACs’ limitations, for the pharmaceutical targeting of aberrant proteins involved in AD. We also review the therapeutic potential of dysregulated signaling, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, for the management of AD.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. SEJAHTERA USAHA BERSAMA JOMBANG
Authors: Lobeng Hander , Tri Wahono Heru Totok
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parsial dan simultan antara variabel kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Sejahtera Usaha Bersama, Kabupaten Jombang). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket.Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket terhadap 35 responden dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji t.Hasil penelitian menunjukan: 1) variabel kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Sejahtera Usaha Bersama Jombang. 2) variabel Motivasi Kerja berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Sejahtera Usaha Bersama Jombang. 3) variabel Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Sejahtera Usaha Bersama Jombang
Faktor Penentu Pilihan Karir Mahasiswa Pendidikan Akuntansi (Tinjauan Social Cognitive Career Theory)
Authors: Nagari Primasa Minerva , Susilowati Nurdian , Taprihanto Taprihanto , Risyadayana Silki , Lestari Puji
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh bukti empiris dan menganalisis pengaruh minat mahasiswa, prestasi belajar, dan eksposur karir mahasiswa Pendidikan akuntansi terhadap pilihan karir untuk menjadi guru. Desain penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Dengan jumlah populasi mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Akuntansi Angkatan 2018 dan 2019 adalah 234 mahasiswa. Pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan metode slovin dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% maka diperoleh sampel 148 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner/angket. Sebanyak 148 kuesioner dikumpulkan untuk analisis data menggunakan sistem analisis statistik dengan persamaan regresi. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Statistic Program of Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh yang signifikan minat mahasiswa, prestasi belajar, dan eksposur karir terhadap pilihan karir menjadi guru. Keterbatasan dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian hanya terbatas pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Akuntansi Universitas Negeri Semarang Angkatan 2018 dan 2019 saja yang diteliti mengenai pilihan karir menjadi guru.
A Study of the Understanding of Key Concepts of Electromagnetism of 11th Grade Greek High School Students
Authors: Kaliampos G. , Pantidos P. , Kalogiannakis M. , Ravanis K.
Published: January 2022

This study is set in the context of teaching and learning about electromagnetism in Greek high schools. Drawing from constructivism theory, the study aspires to explore students’ understandings of key concepts on both electric and magnetic field as well as electromagnetic induction. For this purpose, an experimental investigation was conducted with 80 11nth grade high school students. Empirical data was collected through a questionnaire which was developed on the basis of test subjects used on past exams in Greek high schools in electromagnetism area. Research findings suggest that students face difficulties in dealing with qualitative tasks in electric and magnetic field. In addition, they seem to confront severe difficulties in conceptualizing the notion of induction of emf.
Successful Elosulfase Alfa Desensitization Protocol in a Patient With Morquio A Syndrome
Authors: Díaz Vidal Verónica C. , Gillispie Amanda , Aranda Carolina , Anvari Sara
Published: January 2022

Patients with lysosomal storage diseases may require modifications to standard drug desensitization protocols; personalized medicine as well as development of new treatment options are needed.
SITULARIA – Klänge aus der Hallstattzeit
Authors: Lochner Michaela
Published: January 2022

Musizierende, die auf über 2.500 Jahre alten Ton- und Bronzegefäßen abgebildet oder als kleine Statuetten dargestellt sind, sind stumme Zeugen antiker Musik. Leiern, Panflöten oder Auloi in ihren Händen sind wichtige Basis, um die Musikkultur der älteren Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa zu erforschen. Wie die Musik der Hallstattzeit (ca. 800–500 v. Chr.) tatsächlich klang, ist nicht überliefert. Sie wieder „hörbar“ zu machen, ist Ziel der Musikarchäologie. Darstellungen antiker Instrumente und Vergleiche mit noch heute existierenden archaischen Instrumenten, deren Stimmungen und Spieltechniken bekannt sind, halfen dieses musikalische Revival zu versuchen. Das Ensemble Cantlon lässt die Musikwelt der Hallstattzeit als charmant-vergnügliche Zeitreise auferstehen. Die Musiker Albin Paulus, Nadège Lucet, Niki Fliri, Pat Feldner sowie die Gastmusikerin Beate M. Pomberger spielen Leier, Hornpfeife, Panflöte, Knochen- und Gefäßflöte, Bass-Winkelharfe, Maultrommel und verschiedene Rasselinstrumente, die archaischen antiken und traditionellen Vorbildern entsprechen. Klänge und Musik, die ihre kulturellen Wurzeln im aktuellen Kontext haben, bieten eine künstlerische Imagination der letzten Epoche der Urgeschichte. Das akustische Erlebnis der CD SITULARIA – Klänge aus der Hallstattzeit wird durch ein mehrseitiges Booklet, das einen Überblick zur eisenzeitlichen Musikgeschichte bietet, vertieft. Der wissenschaftlich fundierte Text wird von zahlreichen Abbildungen begleitet.