bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A model for removing uncertainty in complex resource allocation systems
Authors:   Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Khalturin R.A. , Sudorgin R.O. ,   IRA named after A.S. Pushkin, Karelina M.Yu. ,   State University of Management,   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University (MADI)
Published: December 2024

This article examines the scientific methodologies used to optimize resource allocation in complex open systems, with an emphasis on the need for objective analytical models to effectively solve these problems. Traditional approaches to reducing uncertainty are often based on expert assessments, which, as stated in the article, are ineffective for complex systems characterized by multidimensionality, multilevel structures and multi-criteria decision-making processes. These methods, based on expertise, often introduce subjectivism and do not allow comprehensive coverage of the complex dynamics of complex systems. To overcome these limitations, the article proposes to implement algorithms and methods that maximize uncertainty, in particular by using Shannon entropy as a measure of uncertainty. Shannon entropy, based on information theory, quantifies unpredictability within a system, allowing for a more balanced and unbiased consideration of all possible states. The methodology includes several key stages: the formulation of the problem of resource allocation, a critical analysis of the limitations of expert assessment methods, the introduction of Shannon entropy as the preferred measure of uncertainty, the development of optimization algorithms based on the principles of maximum entropy, and the implementation of these algorithms in practical examples. The article shows that this entropy-based approach significantly improves the objectivity, reliability and overall performance of the system when allocating resources in complex open systems. Comparative analysis with traditional methods has shown that the proposed approach provides high-quality results, which makes it a valuable tool for decision makers in the field of complex systems management.
Numerical modeling and optimization results for the placement of irregularly shaped elements on a multidimensional switching field with complex topology
Authors:   South-Russian State Polytechnical University (NPI) named after M.I. Platov, Bykovsky N.V. , Harutyunyan R.V. ,   Moscow State Technical University named after N.E.Bauman, Nasedkin A.V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2024

Numerical modeling was conducted to optimize the placement of irregularly shaped elements with non-standard dimensions on a multidimensional switching field with complex topology. The objective was to develop a method overcoming limitations of classical algorithms when dealing with complex geometric configurations. The methodological foundation was a combinatorial analog of the Gauss-Seidel method, adapted for discrete variables and multidimensional geometric constraints. Key features of the developed algorithm include integer encoding of element placement, accounting for non-standard component shapes and forbidden zones using weight coefficients, and integration of a multi-start procedure. Computational experiments were performed on test problems with elements of various configurations and multidimensional switching fields of complex shapes, including variants with rectangular and Euclidean metrics. The results achieved quasi-optimal element placement with a relative error of 0.055% in 1010 iterations, with a computation time of 1 minute. A pattern of successful algorithm adaptation to diverse placement conditions was revealed. An original test on a "snake" type was worked out for estimation of the algorithm's effectiveness. The method is very useful in designing modern electronic devices, integrated circuits, workshop equipment, and electrical devices since it solves the problem of optimizing component location with due regard to highly complex multidimensional geometric requirements. The proposed approach opens new possibilities for solving large-scale problems in electronic equipment design, overcoming limitations related to the rapid growth of placement variants as the number of irregularly shaped elements increases. It was established that the combinatorial variant of the coordinate descent method has significant advantages compared to other known traditional methods. The further research may include adapting the method to specific requirements of different application domains and developing parallel computation strategies. This will help improve performance when solving ultra-large-scale problems with complex geometry details.
Statistical Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents in Maharashtra State of India
Authors: - Dr. Chandrabhan Bhanudas Chaudhari
Published: December 2024

Maharashtra, one of India’s largest and most populous states, has developed a comprehensive road transport network essential for the movement of people and goods. This network consists of National Highways, State Highways, District Roads, and Rural Roads. Over the years, the state has made significant strides in improving its road infrastructure through the construction of new roads and the upgrading of existing ones. Notably, Maharashtra boasts the largest network of national and state highways in India, which accounts for 13.26% and 18.26% of the respective total lengths in the country.
Despite these advancements, the rising number of road accidents and fatalities highlights a pressing need for enhanced safety measures. In 2021, Maharashtra ranked sixth in road accidents and third in fatalities, with an increase in both metrics compared to previous years. The road accident severity and risk in the state have consistently surpassed national averages, prompting concerns about road safety. Data reveals that the majority of accidents occur on district roads, which account for 43.28% of fatalities, followed by national highways at 28.73%.
Moreover, the demographic analysis of road accidents indicates a significant gender disparity, with males comprising 89% of the total fatalities in 2021. Vulnerable age groups, particularly those aged 25 to 45, are most affected, indicating the need for targeted interventions for these demographics. Over speeding is the leading cause of road accidents, responsible for nearly 60% of incidents, followed by reckless driving behaviors.
Challenges and Opportunities of E-commerce in the African Market: A Case Analysis of Amazon.com
Authors: - Dada I. Lemi
Published: December 2024

E-commerce has grown to be one of the most significant global business drifts over the last few years. The ongoing e-business transformation is supported by the advancement in technology, big data, and analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI) offers broader opportunities for improved, data-driven decision-making (Leonardi, 2020). The enrolment of the Internet of Things (IoT) including smart and connected devices that create interactive performance as well as manage data makes a business agile today. The connected global ecosystem has created many benefits including virtual trading (e-commerce) and taking advantage of these is going to generate a competitive edge for businesses that operate in the global space. The technological advancement and industrial revolution allow for better, cheaper, and faster production and global business networking. It is transforming the way businesses are conducted, and producers and consumers (customers) including suppliers engage and interact in e-commerce. The potential for the rapid growth of e-commerce in Africa offers compelling opportunities for private and public sectors in the continent e.g. enhancing governmental agility and performance, lower cost of production and supplies, increasing flexibility and agility, opens up wider scale and scope of products and services, increases transparency and accountability as well as speed up business transactions across the world.
AI and Privacy: Ethical Concerns in Data Collection and Surveillance
Authors: - Rishab Debnath , - Vaishnav Veeraraghavan P , - Nikita Hapse
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved the process of data collection and surveillance, which could lead to a breach in privacy. As this technology gains a foothold in both private and public sectors, the lines around best practices for using personal information are becoming increasingly blurry. This paper examines the ethics of AI for data collection and surveillance, namely considering questions like informed consent and transparency. However, it observes that there are few debates about how such systems might be abused in state or corporate surveillance. This study aims to address the tension between technological innovation and individual privacy rights by conducting a broad analysis of literature in technology, as well as analyzing current frameworks from the legal perspective. The results of this study suggest that privacy tends to take a backseat when compared with security requirements. Therefore, AI builders and policymakers should work together to develop strong and effective privacy measures. The conversation also delves into the larger implications of AI surveillance for individual freedom and communal trust, suggesting measures to accommodate ethical deployments in the future.
Optimizing Machine Learning Models: A Data Engineering Perspective
Authors: - Madhukar Dharavath
Published: December 2024

This thorough article examines how data engineering and machine learning optimization intersect,
emphasizing important tactics for improving model performance. It looks at basic topics such as cloud
infrastructure scalability, feature engineering, data quality engineering, and hyperparameter optimization.
The article illustrates how sound data engineering techniques greatly increase model correctness, lower
error rates, and quicken development timelines through the examination of numerous industry
applications and research findings. To create effective machine learning systems, the article specifically
highlights the significance of automated validation frameworks, domain-specific feature development,
methodical optimization techniques, and cloud-native architectures. It illustrates the critical importance of
data engineering in attaining superior model performance and offers practitioners practical insights for
putting into practice efficient machine learning optimization strategies by looking at real-world
applications across several industries.
Analysis of the Microbial Community on the Surface of Bloodstains Under Environmental Conditions of Jaipur Region
Authors: - Lissum Yabu
Published: December 2024

With an emphasis on the effects of environmental elements like temperature, humidity, and UV radiation that define Jaipur, Rajasthan's semi-arid climate, this review study assesses the body of research on microbial populations and bloodstains
La Genética en la Provincia del Chaco
Authors: Dellamea Carolina , Picón Claudina
Published: December 2024

La Provincia del Chaco cuenta con 1.000.000 de habitantes, contando con una gran población aborigen, así como colonias europeas, que aún persisten como comunidades cerradas. Esto, junto al aislamiento geográfico, predispone a la consanguinidad y a la endogamia, factores muy importantes en la determinación de afecciones genéticas. Además, existen otros indicadores negativos como gran parte de su población por debajo de la línea de pobreza y una tasa de mortalidad infantil elevada. No obstante, la prevalencia de anomalías congénitas no supera la esperada (1,7 %), probablemente debido a un gran subregistro. El Hospital Pediátrico “Avelino Castelán” es el centro de referencia pediátrico de la Provincia, y cuenta con un Servicio de Genética desde el año 2018, aunque la labor en el área, se viene realizando desde el año 2007 en forma ininterrumpida, desde que se inició en forma conjunta con el Hospital Garrahan el proyecto “CAPABILITY”. El cual tenía como objetivo, la capacitación del personal de salud en la pesquisa de defectos congénitos y fue el motor que generó la demanda en genética, posibilitó la formación de recursos humanos y delineó las bases para la creación del Servicio, centrado en la capacitación como principal herramienta. Actualmente el servicio de genética lleva evaluados 4300 pacientes, para diagnóstico, seguimiento y asesoramiento genético. Realiza además consultas con centros de referencia nacionales, envío de muestras, talleres de familias y actividades de capacitación. Las mayores perspectivas son: sostenibilidad en el tiempo y formación de una Red del Nordeste Argentino (NEA) con el objetivo de optimizar los recursos disponibles.
Using Padlet to Enhance Year 11 Students Engagement in Learning Genetic
Authors: Subramaniam Geetha , Mohd Fadzil Hidayah
Published: December 2024

Genetics is difficult for students to understand since genetic processes are intangible. As students have difficulty studying genetic, it is very difficult to retain them engaged in their learning process. On the other side, engagement of students is the focal point of educators. Following this, making use of digital platform to engage students in learning topics that are perceived difficult such as Genetic in biology learning is seen to be an irresistible option. This Padlet visual could be likened to an online notepad that can be utilized to engage students in various ways. The research objective is to explore the use of Padlet to enhance student engagement in learning genetic by focusing on behavioral engagement and perception of students using Padlet. A qualitative research design is used where purposive sampling used to select participants. A total of 6 Year 11 students was selected from a private secondary school in Kelana Jaya, Selangor. Students were introduced to Padlet through briefing session and completed the task assigned in Padlet. Observation, interview, and document analysis is used for data collection. This research concluded that using Padlet has the potential to enhance student’s behavioral engagement in learning Genetic through following task-oriented instruction, facilitation of collaboration and sharing knowledge. It was found that various insights from students gained regarding using Padlet in learning genetic that categorized into positive perception that is going to be retained for enhancing student’s engagement within the lesson and negative perception that can be improved. This research provides useful records about using Padlet to engage student in learning Genetic as well to surmount the learning challenges of students in biology.
Evaluation of The Implementation of Classroom Assessment (PBD) Among Primary School Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Marnizam Fara Izzati , Ali Siti Rahaimah
Published: December 2024

Pentaksiran Bilik Darjah (PBD) or Classroom Assessment was introduced to ensure a holistic assessment is established towards the pupils and not focusing solely on examination. This research is carried out to evaluate the implementation of PBD among Mathematics teachers in some primary schools in Gombak District, Selangor. This research consists of two research objectives. The CIPP Evaluation Model is used as the research framework which consists of context evaluation, input, process and product. The research sample are from 114 primary school Mathematics teachers from Gombak District and they were chosen based on a purposive sample from eight primary schools involved. The interview used was adapted from past researchers which comprises five constructs with value of Alpha Cronbach 0.929. The quantitative data analysis which is reported by using descriptive analysis shown that all the components of the CIPP Evaluation Model displayed high values; for cascading and mastering the PBD for Mathematics teachers (min=4.23, SP=0.600), PBD readiness of Mathematics teachers (min=4.28, SP=0.502), PBD planning and implementation of Mathematics teachers (min=4.17, SP=0.527), PBD acceptance of Mathematics teachers (min=4.11, SP=0.565) and PBD constraints of Mathematics teachers (min= 4.30, SP= 0.621). Overall, the result of the study indicates that the evaluation of the implementation of PBD among Mathematics teachers is at a high level. There are five suggestions proposed by the researcher so as to fulfill the goals of the implementation of PBD by Mathematics teachers at schools. Among the implications of the study is to some extent has contributed a collection of studies related to assessment based on research findings that can provide enlightenment and follow -up action to improve the existing PBD system and become one of the more accurate information for policy makers' evaluation.
Integration of STEM in the Field of Statistics and Probability in Form Two Mathematics KSSM
Authors: Musa Muzirah , Khalid Siti Nabila , Rahmat Fainida , Mohamed Nurul Akmal , Mat Nor Azian Aini
Published: December 2024

STEM Education is an education based on the integration of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. The purpose of this study is to describe the content and test the usability of STEM Teaching Module for the field of Statistics and Probability learning in KSSM Form Two Mathematics. The usability test of this module is conducted using a questionnaire divided into three main constructs namely effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. The questionnaire has 45 items and one section of open-ended questions for the suggestions and opinions from the respondents. This study involved 42 randomly selected mathematics teachers in secondary schools around the district of Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Data analysis was performed descriptively and via thematic content analysis. The results showed that the integration of STEM through the “Catapult" and "Recycling Box" project in the Learning and Facilitation (L&F) of Central Tendency and Simple Probability topics are able to provide specific guidance to teachers in the field of Statistics and Probability. The usability test of this module showed the percentage of the three main constructs were high with 92.5%, 89.8% and 87.7%, respectively. Analysis of views and suggestions based on special features, weaknesses, suggestions for improvement and parts that need editing showed the majority of respondents commented on special features, namely, easy to understand, students-centered activities are able to attract interest in learning statistics, ease the task and save teachers time, comply with textbook content, attractive front cover and easy-to-carry. As implication, the development of STEM-based knowledge among Mathematics teachers is increasing. It is also expected that Mathematics teachers will be able to change the existing practices and become more critical and creative during L&F while providing pupils with a meaningful learning experience.
Content Analysis on Space Topic in 2021 Revised KSSR Mathematics Textbook
Authors: Tor Guan Yi , Rosli Roslinda
Published: December 2024

Mathematics textbook is an important source of guidance in mathematics learning and facilitation process (PdPc). This study aims to identify the differences in content presentation, exercises and activity of the topic of Space between revised KSSR standard 5 mathematics textbook version 2021 for National Primary School (SK) and revised KSSR standard 5 mathematics textbook version 2021 for Chinese Type National Primary School (SJKC). The content analysis includes explanation of concept and procedure and application of STEM activity, construct, construct and difficulty levels of exercises and the numbers of exercises. Anecdotal analysis was conducted to display the findings of content presentation narratively, while the exercises and activity are analyzed descriptively. The findings showed that there are differences in mathematics concept delivery and STEM activity application between these two mathematics textbooks, while most of the exercises are at moderate difficulty levels. Therefore, this study is essential in the improvement of textbooks content based on illustration and difficulty levels of exercises to help weaker students in their mathematics learning.
Content Validation Procedure: Development of Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST)
Authors: Bahari Farah Aizar Zaipul , Saleh Salmiza
Published: December 2024

This research aimed at developing a test instrument, the Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST) for Year Four students. The researcher has carried out content validity procedures on the PSST instrument. The content validity of the test involved six content validation experts. There were ten items for the test instrument. The items on the test have been evaluated quantitatively using the Content Validity Index (CVI) to determine whether they should be retained or discarded. According to the findings, the item content validity index, I-CVI, came in at a value of 1.00 for all items. This resulted in the scale content validity index, for both S-CVI/Ave and S-CVI/UA, equal to 1.00. Therefore, the Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST) has attained a very high degree of content validity and may be administered in actual research to determine students’ problem-solving skills.
Sustainable Hydrogen Generation through Solid Polymer Fuel Cell Autothermal Reforming for Improved Heat and Power Efficiency
Authors: Ozgoli Hassan Ali , Deilami Sara
Published: December 2024

This research introduces an innovative integration of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system utilizing autothermal reforming (ATR) of natural gas. This novel approach focuses on large-scale industrial applications, addressing scalability and performance optimization, areas previously underexplored. The study conducts a comprehensive parametric analysis of system efficiency, achieving a remarkable 91.3% total efficiency, with 38.1% electrical efficiency and 46.1% thermal efficiency. Economic analysis revealed strong regional differences, with Europe offering the highest Net Present Value (NPV) and a payback period of 4.0 years, while Iran showed a longer payback period of 8.3 years. The system demonstrated adaptability to fluctuating electricity prices, particularly in the U.S. Environmentally, the system achieved a 50% reduction in CO2 emissions and reduced natural gas consumption compared to conventional gas turbines. This innovative study addresses scalability challenges and offers new insights into optimizing PEMFC-CHP systems for sustainable industrial energy generation, contributing to the advancement of clean energy technologies.
EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF THE CONTENT OF «IMRORTANT CONVERSATIONS» LESSONS IN DEVELOPING CITIZENSHIP AND PATRIOTISM IN STUDENTS
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Abramkina Svetlana G. , Matveeva Natalya A. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University, Ryzhikova Larisa V. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2024

The paper analyzes the effectiveness of the pedagogy in developing citizenship and patriotism in school students. The authors conducted content analysis of the lesson scripts used in “Important Conversations” lessons in the 2022-2023 academic year, determining the compliance of the content of extracurricular activities with a set of indicators that allow assessing the development of citizenship and patriotism in students.
SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL PROJECT “CHOOSE...” AS A TOOL FOR PROMOTING HEALTHY LIVING AND PREVENTING RISKY BEHAVIORS AMONG STUDENTS
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Chernikova Alla A.
Published: December 2024

The paper analyzes the concepts of “health”, “healthy living”, and “risk behaviors”. A social-psychological project “Choose…” is presented as a tool for promoting heathy living advocacy and preventing the engagement of students in risky behaviors. The author proposes a model for promoting healthy living and preventing risky behaviors in higher education institution. The components (subprojects) of the model and a polymodal spectrum of information influence are described. Special attention is paid to the preventative measures for engaging in risky behaviors, such as the “equal-to-equal” principle, which implies engaging volunteers who share the information and positive experiences that correspond with the target audience.
THE IMAGE OF ABDURAHMAN JAMI IN LITERARY AND HISTORICAL SOURCES OF THE 15TH-16TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Uzbek Language and Literature, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Candidate of Philological Sciences and a leading researcher of the Institute of Folklore, Uzbekistan, Tangirovna Radjabova Burobiya
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on the study of Abdurahman Jami's image as reflected in the literary and historical sources of the 15th-16th centuries. It highlights Jami's creative legacy, his connections with Alisher Navoi and other contemporaries, and his role in the cultural and national environment of his time. The article explores Jami's multifaceted identity not only as a great poet and writer but also as a literary scholar, philosopher, jurist, Sufi, and public figure. Through examples from historical sources, it demonstrates the continuation of Jami's creative school and traditions.
SPIRITUAL PERFECTION OF THE LOVER AND BELOVED (IN THE WORKS OF HAFIZ KHOREZMI)
Authors:   Independent researcher at Urgench State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Yeldashbayevna Kurbanova Shukurjon
Published: December 2024

This article is dedicated to exploring how the spiritual development of the lover and beloved is portrayed in the works of Hafiz Khorezmi. Within the scope of this article, particular attention is given to the philosophical interpretation of the concepts of lover and beloved in Hafiz Khorezmi's works, the idea of achieving spiritual elevation through love, and its manifestation in his poetry collection (divan). Additionally, the article examines how the poet uniquely expresses the concept of love within the context of national and universal cultural values in his divan.
BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Dildora Nutfiyeva
Published: December 2024

Inclusive education in higher education is essential for promoting diversity, equity, and accessibility, providing all students, regardless of their abilities or backgrounds, with equitable opportunities to succeed academically and personally. Despite its importance, the implementation of inclusive practices faces significant challenges, including institutional shortcomings, faculty preparedness, technological limitations, and societal barriers. This article critically examines these barriers and proposes practical, evidence-based solutions to address them, such as policy reforms, faculty development, robust student support systems, technological advancements, and cultural shifts. Drawing insights from global best practices and examples from institutions like University College London, Monash University, Nazarbayev University, and Harvard University, the article highlights effective strategies for fostering inclusivity in higher education. The findings underscore the importance of collaboration, commitment, and innovation in overcoming obstacles and creating a supportive, inclusive educational environment.
The Crucial Role of Information Technology in Facilitating Change Management
Authors: Sidik Satrio Riyono , Tyas Ari Anggarani Winadi Prasetyoning
Published: December 2024

Technological evolution has triggered an industrial revolution that has changed the face of civilization, especially in the industrial sector which is the driving force of the economy. Proper and consistent Information Technology (IT) strategy planning will be able to help businesses achieve competitive and sustainable advantages. Change management must be able to analyze and understand the impact of digital change on the organization. The use of Information Technology (IT) in change management has a significant impact on organizational efficiency and effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative approach by collecting and analyzing data originating from various relevant scientific literature sources. Research results have shown that IT is a key factor in implementing the change management process. IT has been proven to provide benefits and act as an effective tool in implementing organizational change processes and ultimately can increase efficiency and effectiveness within the organization. Information technology has an important role in helping organizations manage change more effectively and efficiently. By optimally utilizing IT, organizations can improve communication, collaboration, decision making, and training during the change process. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) over the last few years has shown a positive trend in maximizing all important points in the use of Information Technology (IT) in companies, starting from communication, collaboration, decision making and training.
Culture and Aesthetic Sensibilities of Ekiti People Through the Iconology of Epa Headrests
Authors: Abejide Foluso Modupe , Ogunjimi Isaiah Tunde
Published: December 2024

Art is usually a means of documenting peoples’ tastes, thoughts, and attitudes, which depend on their philosophies, past experiences, and current happenings within the society. In the same vein, the forms on Epa masks showcase the background culture of Ekiti people, as well as their worldview in relation to rewards for pragmatism, through the celebration of influential personalities. Therefore, this paper looks at the variations of forms on Epa mask headrests, aiming to extract its producers' philosophies, aesthetic sensibilities, and core values, for a better understanding of both the images and the background culture. It concludes by highlighting many early customs showcased in Epa headrests that are no longer practiced in the communities today, eroded by acculturation and the introduction of new ways of life.
The Natural Occurrence Contexts in Which Social Morals are Presented in the Dejen District Society from the Perspective of Folk Belief, in The Northern Part of Ethiopia
Authors: Ayenew Anteneh , Tefera Zelalem , Teshome Solomon
Published: December 2024

Various experts in the field point out that social morals found in African society have not been studied in depth and widely. As a result, it is difficult to say with certainty that the current and past conditions of the social morals are like this. For example, Ushe (2011); Aden and Olira (2017); Amoah and Peprah (2022) state that, African traditional morals are poorly studied and misunderstood. When come to Ethiopia, the situation is not different from above. Therefore, what are the natural occurrence contexts of social (group) morals? It is not seen that adequate explanations are given to such question. However, this study was conducted on the society of Amara region /Dejen district, which is one of the twelve regions in Ethiopia. And it is a study that investigated the natural occurrence contexts in which the studied society’s social morals are presented from the perspective of folk belief. Therefore, it is expected that it will have its own role to fill the research gap. The data of the study was ethnographically collected by the researcher in person and living with the society for many consecutive months using primary data collection methods (observation, interview and focus group discussion). Obtained data were analyzed and presented in descriptive approach. Finally, from the results of the study, it was possible to understand that the natural occurrence contexts in which the social morals of the studied society are presented mainly are related to materials, performances or abstract things.
Using aquatic insects as indicators of microplastic pollution in rice field ecosystems
Authors: Khamboonruang Pattrawan , Prommi Taeng-On
Published: December 2024

Aquatic insects may be at risk due to microplastics, which are new pollutants in the water that are known to sink and accumulate in sediments. In this study, the concentration, type, size, and color of MPs in surface water, sediments, and aquatic insects were investigated in rice fields. The MP concentrations in surface water were 85.8 items/L. The MP concentrations in sediment were 0.43 items/g. In predatory aquatic insects, the microplastics discovered were 0.59±0.50–17.00±17.00 items/individual, in scrapers 2.45±2.66–9.00±9.00 items/individual, and in collector-gathering 2.45±2.66–25.00±25.99 items/individual. Fibers were the predominant type of MPs in surface water, sediment, and aquatic insects. The most common MP sizes were <100 µm in aquatic insects, >500 µm in sediment, and 200-250 µm in surface water. The dominant colors of detected MPs were blue in surface water and white/transparent in aquatic insects and in sediment. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polypropylene glycol (PPG), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (poly (AM-co-AA), poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PVME), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the major polymer types of the selected particles. The results of this study showed the MP concentration in rice fields is relatively high in surface water and aquatic insect samples, although it is lower in sediment samples. This data may assist in extending our knowledge regarding MP pollution in freshwater systems and provides a baseline for future monitoring and assessment of MPs in rice fields.
Numerical Study of Hydrothermal Enhancement of Two-Phase Flow in a Vertical Pipe by Using Modified Vortex Generators
Authors: Alnasur Fawzi Shnain , Alturaihi Riyadh Sabah
Published: December 2024

The improvement in heat transfer and energy savings in two-phase (gas-liquid) flow in tubes occupies a wide area of research interest. In this work, the effect of modified twisted tape turbulators on heat transfer augmentation in vertical tubes is studied numerically by using the CFD technique. A vortex generator (twisted tape) was used as a passive method to raise the rate of heat transfer. The variants of the water flow rate, air flow rate, heat flux, and twisted ratio of a twisted tape tabulator were considered. This work provides a superficial water Re No. With ranges of 6300–10500, considering three different water and airflow rates. Additionally, the superficial gas Re range was 6000-16000. Three distinct twist ratios (TR) of 7.8, 3.9, and 2.6 were considered for the iron twisted tape to examine the impact of the twist ratio on the tube's thermo-hydraulic characteristics. The test section consisted of an insulated copper vertical tube subjected to three constant heat fluxes. This paper investigated three variants: the friction factor, Nusselt number, and performance evaluation factor. A strong turbulent vortex flow with an increase in secondary flow in the tube's radial direction was significantly intensified in the presence of the twisted tape inserted. Also, an increase in Reynold's number for both water and air and increased heat flux led to a proportional increase in heat transfer while the friction factor decreased. The presence of the modified twisted tape showed an improvement in the heat transfer and the pressure loss reduction when compared with the plain tape for all twisting ratios and for all cases where the highest value of the performance evaluation factor was two at the twisted ratio of 2.6 with an increase percentage of 81%. Conclusively, this investigation concludes that using modified twisted tape can greatly enhance the heat transfer rates and reduce pressure resistance, increasing the performance evaluation factor of heat exchanger systems.
Chemical Reaction and Thermal Radiation Effects on MHD Casson and Maxwell Nanofluid Flow over a Porous Stretching Surface
Authors: Anil Kumar Yanduru Purna Chandra Shekhar , Kalyani Uppuluri Venkata , Seethamahalakshmi Vyakaranam , Srinivasa Rao Talagadadeevi , Gurrampati Venkata Ramana Reddy , Sharma Lavanya
Published: December 2024

The focus of this article is on two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Casson and Maxwell nanofluid flows on a porous stretched surface, considering the effects of chemical reactions and thermal radiation. For this problem, convective boundary conditions are assumed. By using similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations of the issue were converted into ordinary differential equations with the help of the similarity transformation, which were then theoretically solved using the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method and the shooting approach. Plots are used to show how relevant characteristics, such as heat radiation, porosity, and magnetic parameter, have an impact. It is seen that the velocity profiles decrease as the magnetic field increases. Furthermore, the local Sherwood number and the local Nusselt number decrease as the velocity slip parameter rises. The results of this study were compared with the previously published works under some restrictions, and they are found in excellent agreement.
Identifying Practical Material Retrofit Measures for Energy Efficiency in Existing High-Rise Buildings in the Malaysian Climate
Authors: Mohd Zuki Nisa Farzana , Ya’akob Iffah Syafiqah , Mohd Pauzi Nurul Noraziemah , Ab Rani Nur Izzati , Aminudin Eeydzah , Omotayo Temitope
Published: December 2024

With the global focus on sustainable urban development, many cities are striving to formulate effective urban transformation strategies to transition from traditional urban structures to more sustainable ones. Enhancing the energy efficiency of buildings, particularly existing structures, is recognized as a crucial element in the fight against climate change. In the Malaysian context, improvements in energy consumption are predominantly propelled by retrofitting the country's existing building stock. However, targeted strategies are needed, especially for high-rise buildings, to address the unique challenges posed by the Malaysian climate. This study addresses this gap by focusing on retrofitting strategies specifically tailored for existing high-rise buildings in Malaysia. To evaluate energy efficiency accurately, a selected case study underwent modeling and simulation using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software for energy analysis. The simulation considered crucial aspects of window materials: U-factor, solar heat gain coefficient, visible transmittance, and emissivity. The study identified triple-glazed windows as the most energy-efficient choice, significantly outperforming single-glazed windows due to their lower U-factor and improved insulation properties. Light concrete bricks for walls demonstrated superior heat resistance owing to their lower density. Steel bar joists were found to enhance heat transfer efficiency in roofs. The recommended materials showed promising results, achieving a calculated energy consumption reduction to 266 kWh/m2/year. The study emphasizes that green consultants prioritize elements addressing excessive energy consumption during building upgrades, influencing their choice of retrofit options. Implementing energy-efficient retrofits can significantly reduce buildings' energy dependence, contributing to a substantial decrease in the country's overall energy consumption.
Recomendaciones para el mes de Julio
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: December 2024

Para el mes de julio de 2018 y el trimestre julio-agosto-septiembre se prevén valores normales de la temperatura superficial del mar en la región Central del océano Pacífico tropical, asociadas a la fase ENOS Neutro.
Recomendaciones para el mes de Diciembre
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: December 2024

El análisis de la Temperatura Superficial del Mar entre el 20 y el 27 de noviembre de 2018, continuó registrando una tendencia al calentamiento de las aguas en las zonas Central y Oriental del Pacífico tropical, alcanzando niveles correspondientes a un episodio débil de El Niño.
Innovative Approaches to System Architecture in Modern Engineering Applications
Authors: Neto Dinarte Spadari
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates innovative approaches to system architecture in modern engineering applications, focusing on the evaluation and implementation of various architectural frameworks. Through qualitative analysis, including case studies and comparative analysis, the research highlights the effectiveness of hybrid architectures, which combine elements of traditional models such as microservices and layered frameworks. The study also examines the role of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), in enhancing system performance, scalability, and flexibility. Key findings reveal that hybrid architectures and AI integrations significantly improve system scalability by up to 30%, while IoT and edge computing enhance real-time data processing. The implications of these findings suggest a paradigm shift in architectural strategies for future engineering applications, emphasizing adaptability and the integration of emerging technologies.
Fostering Religious Harmony Through the Inclusive Understanding of Some Exclusive Verses in the Bible and the Qur’an–A Case of Indonesia
Authors: Hakh Samuel Benyamin
Published: December 2024

The problem that often arises in Indonesian society is the occurrence of clashes in society as a result of the use of certain texts, both in the Bible and the Qur’an, for certain purposes. The purpose of this article was to explore the use of certain texts in the Bible and the Qur’an, which are understood exclusively, with certain interests ethnically, socially, politically and economically, thus creating a clash. The results of this understanding are conveyed as absolute truth from God so that no one can deny it. As a result, hate speech and conflict have emerged in Indonesian society. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative method which involved collecting materials in the form of books and articles and analyzing them. The results revealed a need for the formation of an inclusive understanding between the two religions so that a life dialogue occurs to maintain harmonious relations in Indonesian society. State the recommendations that have been made as well. This article invites religions in Indonesia, especially Christianity and Islam, to understand their respective holy books inclusively, to build a life together that is harmonious and peaceful.

Keywords: Christianity, Dialogue, Exclusive, Inclusive, Islam, Pluralism, Religions, Sacred Passages.
Financial Philosophy Towards Economic Freedom in Teacher Education: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Ntshangase Mohammed X. , Maraswa Tafadzwa
Published: December 2024

The dearth of financial literacy education in teacher education programs costs teachers a lifetime of indebtedness. Teachers from some South African institutions suffer the most as they try to catch up with the social media lifestyle immediately after finding jobs. Young teachers start to sink into debt because they even leave their villages in order to build content for social media. This qualitative study adopted a purposive sampling of 20 participants from Mankweng village with an aim to explore the negative effects of the lack of financial literacy in teacher education programs in some South African universities. Semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp were conducted after acquiring the informed consent of those 20 participants. The analytic theory was used as the lens to thematically analyse the indebted life of teachers who fall victim to this problem. Major findings are that; teachers sink into debt due to a lack of financial literacy during their training, and they have no knowledge of debt assistance agencies like DebtBusters and many more. The pivotal recommendation among others is that teachers’ education programs in South African universities must include financial literacy as the importance of this study is to spread awareness about the dangers of lacking financial literacy for lower- and middle-class income citizens. This study contributes to scholarship because it strives for inclusion of financial literacy in teachers training program which is lacking in South African teachers training in higher education.

Keywords: Indebtedness, Financial Literacy, Social Media, Mental Health, Decision-Making
Romance, race, and riches?
Authors: Baker Pascale
Published: December 2024

Chica lit was spawned in 2003 with Cuban American Alisa Valdes Rodriguez’s novel
The Dirty Girls Social Club
. Featuring young upwardly mobile Latinas, the genre provides an interesting counterbalance to the predominant currents of recent Latinx literature which have focused on prejudice faced by Latinos. Contrastingly, chica lit celebrates aspirational heroines and rejects the struggling Latina stereotype. In this novel it promotes assimilation to North American consumer culture, while integrating non-threatening aspects of Latina identity. In an original approach to the novel, a critical framework of segmented- and selective-assimilationist models is applied, where meaningful investment in Latinx culture and history are sidelined in favour of becoming all-American consumer citizens.
Line graph of extensions of the zero-divisor graph in commutative rings
Authors: Rehman Nadeem ur , Mir Shabir Ahmad , Nazim Mohd
Published: December 2024

UDC 512.6
We consider a finite commutative ring with unity denoted by

P
.

Within this framework, the essential graph of

P

is represented as

E
G

(
P
)

with

Z

(
P
)

*

=
Z

(
P
)

∖

{
0
}

as the vertex set, and two distinct vertices

x

and

y

are adjacent if and only if

a
n
n

(
x
y
)

is an essential ideal of

P
.

 At the same time, the weakly zero-divisor graph of

P

is denoted by

W
Γ

(
P
)

with

Z

(
P
)

*

=
Z

(
P
)

∖

{
0
}

as the vertex set and an edge is defined between two distinct vertices

u

and

v

if and only if there exist

r
∈
a
n
n

(
u
)

*

and

s
∈
a
n
n

(
v
)

*

such that

r
s
=
0

, where

a
n
n

(
u
)

=

{
v
∈
P
:
u
v
=
0
}

for

u
∈
P
.

 In our research, we deal with the conditions under which both

E
G

(
P
)

and

W
Γ

(
P
)

can be classified as line graphs. Furthermore, we explore the scenarios in which these graphs are the complements of line graphs.
Локальні майже-кільця, їх структури та система GAP
Authors: Raievska I. , Raievska M.
Published: December 2024

УДК 512.6
Наведено огляд сучасного стану дослідження скінченних локальних майже-кілець, який, зокрема, містить результати про класифікацію локальних майже-кілець, отримані за останній час.
SMEs as victims of competition violations in the EU: an empirical investigation
Authors: Özbuğday Fatih Cemil
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the nature and extent of competition violations experienced by SMEs in the EU-27 countries. Using data from the Flash Eurobarometer 510 Survey, this study employs a Heckman sample selection model to correct for potential selection bias. The findings reveal that while most SMEs do not face significant competition problems, those that do mainly struggle with high prices and powerful suppliers imposing unfair conditions. Interestingly, SME size and age do not significantly affect exposure to antitrust offenses, but industry sector and geographical location do. The paper emphasizes the potential roles of SMEs in competition authorities’ market oversight activities, given their unique market position and ability to detect competition violations early. Finally, the article calls for continuous engagement with SMEs by policymakers, regulators, and competition authorities to improve market competition.
On the Cauchy problem of compressible Micropolar fluids subjected to Hall current
Authors: Zhang Mingyu
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the large-time behavior of global strong solutions is justified for the three dimensional compressible micropolar fluids subjected to Hall current. Both the global existence and the optimal decay rates of strong solutions are obtained when the smooth initial data are sufficiently close to the non-vacuum equilibrium in $ H^1 $. In addition, the vanishing limit of the Hall coefficient is also justified.