bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LINKAGE OF KAMPAR’S RUMAH LONTIOK WITH LIMAPULUH KOTO’S RUMAH GADANG
Authors: Khamdevi Muhammar
Published: January 2020

Abstrak_Dalam catatan sejarah, wilayah Kampar pernah menjadi wilayah Rantau (Hilir) dari wilayah Luhak Limapuluh Koto yang merupakan wilayah Darek (Hulu), di mana kedua wilayah ini dihubungkan oleh Sungai Kampar. Wilayah Kampar juga pernah menjadi bagian wilayah Sumatera Tengah, dan pernah dua kali berpisah; pertama oleh pemekaran yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda dan kedua oleh Presiden Soekarno setelah pemberontakan PRRI-Permesta dikalahkan. Bahkan kedua wilayah ini berbagi sejarah di masa klasik, terutama sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Tua, Kerajaan Sriwijaya, Kerajaan Dharmasraya, dan Kerajaan Malayupura, hingga masa Kesultanan Pagaruyung. Secara arsitektur, Rumah Lontiok di Kampar dan Rumah Gadang di Limapuluh Koto secara sekilas memiliki hubungan dan banyak kesamaan. Bagaimana keterkaitan karakteristik arsitektur antara keduanya?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan keterkaitan antara kedua rumah tradisional tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendapatkan hasil yang komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keterkaitan secara umum di antara kedua rumah tersebut, bahkan perkembangan transformasi (lineage).Kata kunci: Rumah Gadang; Rumah Lontiok; Arsitektur Vernakular; Rumah Austronesia. Abstract_ In history, Kampar Region was the Rantau (Hilir or Downstream) region of Limapuluh Koto's Darek (Hulu or Upstream), where the two regions are connected by the Kampar River. The Kampar region also once was part of the region of Central Sumatra, and was separated twice; first by the expansion carried out by the Dutch and second by Soekarno after the PRRI-Permesta rebellion was defeated. Whereas in fact, these two regions have shared history in the classical era, especially the history of the old Malay kingdoms, the Sriwijaya kingdom, the kingdom of Dhamarsraya and Malayupura, until the time of Pagaruyung. Architecturally, the Rumah Lontiok in Kampar and the Rumah Gadang in Limapuluh Koto at a glance have relationships and similarities. How is the linkage of architectural characteristics between them?  The purpose of this study was to find the link between the two traditional houses. This research used a qualitative method to have a comprehensive conclusion. The results showed that both houses have a general linkage, even developmental transformation (lineage).Keywords: Rumah Gadang; Rumah Lontiok; Vernacular Architecture; Austronesian House.
Pola Kebijakan Digitalisasi Penyiaran di Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Assyari
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the study is to see how broadcasting digitalization policies in Indonesia after the shaking of the status of broadcast digitalization after the Supreme Court's decision. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach to explore the issues and problems that exist around the digitalization of broadcasting in Indonesia. The practice of broadcasting digitalization in Indonesia does not have clear regulations after Ministerial Regulation 22/2011 has been revoked. So that policies and regulations in managing broadcast digitalization are unclear. Simulcast Public Broadcasting Institutions (LPPs) and Private Broadcasting Institutions (LPS) have conducted trials in the field of broadcast digitalization. TVRI as a Public Broadcasting Institution (LPP) already has TVRI Digital Broadcasting Channel -1, TVRI Digital Broadcast -2, TVRI Digital Broadcast -3, TVRI Digital Broadcast -4 and TVRI Digital-HD Broadcasting. Private Broadcasting Institutions (LPS) that conduct trials are Nusantara TV, Inspira TV, Kompas TV, Gramedia TV, Tempo TV, Net TV, CNN TV, Muhammadiyah TV, Merahputih TV, Badar TV, and Persada TV. The government and all stakeholders must seriously oversee the revision of the broadcasting law that accommodates broadcast digitalization.
Model Pengelolan Dana Desa Berbasis SID untuk Mendorong Akuntabilitas
Authors: Habibullah Akhmad , Mutiarin Dyah
Published: January 2020

This study aims to explain the model of village fund management based on the Village Information System (SID) in all villages in 15 sub-districts in the Wonosobo Regency, which amount to 236 villages. The study focused on the village fund management model by utilizing existing SID technology, namely the Desa Mitra Application. As well as to explain the extent to which this new model is developing and how it impacts the community. This study uses model qualitative methods, with the premier and secondary data sources, with data collection techniques using questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation. This study revealed that the SID-based village fund management model using the village partner application in Wonosobo District was very helpful and useful in managing village funds. Of the four stages of managing existing funds, the application of village partners plays a significant role in helping each process of managing existing funds. as in the stages of planning, corporate governance, implementation, and reporting and accountability. There are several important factors that influence the creation of the existing accountability model, namely the Government Institution in this case the Wonosobo District, the Village Government, and the existing HR. The results of this study show good results regarding the accountability of Village Funds in Wonosobo, vertical and horizontal accountability models are characteristic of the management of Village Funds in Wonosobo District by utilizing the developed SID.
Kinerja Implementasi Pelayanan Publik Pemerintah Kecamatan di Kota Cilegon
Authors: Sururi Ahmad
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the performance of the implementation of district government services in the city of Cilegon. To measure the performance of policy implementation, the authors use two indicators namely first, the policy output indicator consisting of coverage, bias, access, frequency and service delivery as well as the suitability of the program to the needs, second, indicators of policy impact namely initial impact, medium impact and long term impact. The research method used is a qualitative approach with primary data collection techniques and secondary data, the research locus is in Cibeber District, Cilegon City. Based on measurements that the performance of the implementation of public service policies in public sector organizations Cibeber District Cilegon City has been running effectively. This can be seen from the policy output indicators consisting of coverage, bias, access, frequency, service delivery and program suitability with the need to show effective indicators even though the indicators of access to participation in policy/program socialization activities, mechanisms, procedures and procedures of the public get service. While the impact of service policy based on the initial impact, medium-term impact and long-term impact shows the performance of the implementation of service policy has been running effectively and in accordance with the vision and mission of Cibeber District, Cilegon City.
Paradigma Good Governance Menuju Shared Governance Melalui Reformasi Birokrasi dan Inovasi Pelayanan Publik.
Authors: Hayat Hayat
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to describe the concepts of good governance and shared governance within the framework of the Indonesian political system. This has an important connection with public service as a realization of political policy. The problem of public services is still a challenge in improving good governance. The paradigm of good governance continues to develop according to the demands and needs of society. The method used is through a theoretical and basic study of theory. This paradigm has led to shared governance. Meanwhile, bureaucratic reform has become an important agenda that must continue to be escorted to the lowest level. To improve quality, optimize better performance, and professionals need service innovation. Public service innovation through experience learning as a concrete step in maximizing the potential of the apparatus. This innovation aims to improve the performance of the apparatus through education, training, and the development of self-potential oriented to the values of experience and practice as self-actualization in the performance of public services.
Influence of Geophysical Signals on Coordinate Variations GNSS Permanent Stations in Central Europe
Authors: Kaczmarek Adrian
Published: January 2020

This article presents an analysis of the extent of the impact of deformations of the earth’s crust resulting from geophysical models on changes in the coordinates of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations. The author presents the results of analyses of the spatial correlation coefficient of deformation components for the non-tidal atmospheric loading (NTAL), non-tidal ocean loading (NTOL) and hydrological loading (HYDRO) models of geophysical deformation. In addition, the author calculated the correlation coefficients between station’s coordinate series to determine whether the deformations of the earth’s crust have a more global, large-area (regional scale) or local-range (local scale) impact, limited to the nearest of stations. In addition to correlation coefficients, the author analysed the similarity in periodic components between station coordinates by calculating the coherence between them. The results of the analysis showed that for the height components (Up), we observe the global range of deformation models, and the NTAL deformation has the greatest influence on the change in them. The lack of correlation between coordinate signals for horizontal components may result from specific local conditions in the place of the station, low-resolution of geophysical models and small amplitudes of these signals in relation to noise. An analysis of the coherence coefficients showed that each station coordinates shows completely different periodic components in the North, East and Up directions.
Carbon Dioxide Injury Prediction Model for Fresh-Cut Apples
Authors: Hu Yunfeng , Hao Yicheng , Wei Zengyu
Published: January 2020

Carbon dioxide (CO2) injury is one of the key cause affecting the sales of fresh-cut apples during the sales period. The method to warn the time till occurring CO2 injury would be convenient for businesses and consumers, but so far, no one has paid attention. This research aimed to study the change rule of the mechanism of carbon dioxide injury of fresh-cut apples treated with high CO2 concentration. The experiment was conducted at 5, 15, 25 and 35°C for 4 days. Every twelve hours, the fresh-cut apple was analyzed by measuring the changes of firmness, soluble solids concentration, browning index and sensory evaluation. The results showed that sensory scores, firmness and soluble solids concentration decreased over time, while the browning index of freshly cut apple increased rapidly with time. Based on the dynamic model of the browning index, with the CO2 Injury warning model of ready-to-eat apples treated with high CO2 concentration was determined.
Innovation, Spatial Loyalty, and ICTs as Locational Determinants of Rural Development in the Catalan Pyrenees
Authors: Martin Ana Vera , Tulla Antoni F.
Published: January 2020

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) open up new possibilities for development in rural and mountain areas. ICTs are analysed as a factor attracting business and enabling a dispersion of economic activity that is usually concentrated in metropolitan areas. Rural and mountain areas have benefited from the increasing incorporation of ICT in companies because development strategies are now made viable, thus bringing local territories into global markets and vice versa. Competitiveness and the added value of local development companies are incorporated into the product through the value given to local identity factors. Other competitive localisation factors of these zones are lower localisation costs and spatial loyalty among companies in the cluster. On the other hand, there may be an a priori shortage of available skilled workers in these particular areas but this deficit could be balanced out by the small size of companies established in these zones. This paper describes several case studies of specific companies in the Catalan Pyrenees where parts of the productive process with the highest added value—like design, organisation, etc—are carried out, while manufacturing occurs in other countries. It also analyses activities and services offered by smart farms and in smart rural areas. ICTs are important for the educational and informative levels of the population and also for the establishment of new companies and services in rural and mountain areas.
The Changing Shape of Scotland’s Digital Divide
Authors: Wilson Ruth , Hopkins Jonathan
Published: January 2020

The challenges of reaching rural areas with the latest digital technologies are well documented, resulting in a longstanding urban–rural digital divide in many countries. In 2016, Scotland embarked on one of the most ambitious infrastructure projects in Europe when it committed to bringing superfast broadband to all of its citizens by 2021. In this paper, we take stock of recent progress towards this goal by applying the framework of the “Sparsely Populated Area”. While previous work has highlighted that Scotland’s digital divide is shrinking, application of this new framework reveals inequalities that traditional urban–rural classifications mask. We show that, while the number of digital “not spots” has fallen in recent years, many of those remaining are concentrated in a region that faces particular vulnerabilities in terms of service delivery and population decline. Digital inequalities introduce a further challenge to this region in addressing its potential as a viable and attractive place to live and work.
Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Gherasim Leonida
Published: January 2020

Advanced heart failure (AHF) is the stage of heart failure (HF) refractory to maximal medical treatment, cardiac devices (CRT - cardiac resynchronization, ICD - implantable defibrillator) and surgical treatment. AHF has become of interest through the experience and favorable results of treatment by mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and cardiac transplant (CT). The article reviews the criteria for defining the AHF (2018 ESC statement), natural history and prognosis outside the advanced treatment forms. Evaluation of risk and prognostic factors is required before the decision of advanced therapy: clinical factors (HF severity and reduction of cardiorespiratory functional capacity), RV function, biological markers and elements of organ dysfunction, as well as reduction of tolerance to conventional medication.

Finally, the principles of treatment and the results of mechanical circulatory support and cardiac transplant are presented.
Innovation of Automated Systems Used in Spreading Regulated Information by Issuers in the Republic of Bulgaria and the Social Effect Anticipated
Authors: Rusinov Yavor I.
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to demonstrate that improving automated systems used to spread regulated information has a positive social effect. The provision of capability to replace manual insertion, and particularly direct import of data in XML-format into the systems of information agencies will save time (“economization of time”) spent for spreading financial statements by 90%. The saved working time can be utilized to fulfill other office tasks within current employees’ obligations, carrying out office assignments not listed as present obligations. Employees could improve their qualification through familiarization with novelties in normative bases or with good practices of other companies, substitute colleagues absent from work (leave or sick leave), and analyze work environment and suggest improvements.
A New Technique for Safe and Nerve Preserving Total Mesorectal Excision
Authors: Kirov Kiril G.
Published: January 2020

Our purpose was to present a technique of pneumodissection applied with total mesorectal excision that ensured effective pelvic nerve preservation. Its detailed description emphasized the role of the proper definition of optimal dissection plane around the rectal cancer, the so-called ‘holy plane’ for total mesorectal excision. The study covered 28 rectal cancer patients at a mean age of 58±7.6 years (range 53 to 69 years). Rectal cancers were of TNM stages I-III and differentiation grades of G1-G3. Total mesorectal excision with pneumodissection between 2011 and 2016 was performed. Inflation of the pararectal space with CO2 improved visualization of the operative field between visceral and parietal fascia thus preserving plexus (pl.) vesicalis, pl. deferentialis, pl. prostaticus and pl. cavernosus penis. A fast and clean mesorectum mobilization was made without any damage to the visceral fascia, and total mesorectal excision was performed in the embryonal plane. Pl. hypogastricus superior in the region of the aortic bifurcation nervi (nn.) hypogastrici dextri et sinistri laterally to the rectum and pl. hypogastricus inferior were preserved, too. Encouraging postoperative results included pelvic nerve preservation and absence of complications. A broader application of the safe method of pneumodissection in open and laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery should be recommended.
Basic Neuronavigation Options for Cortical and Subcortical Brain Lesions Surgery
Authors: Mladenovski Milan N. , Vasilev Nikolay V. , Ovcharov Mladen E. , Valkov Iliya V.
Published: January 2020

Craniometric points are essential for orienting neurosurgeons in their practice. Understanding the correlations of these points help to manage any pathological lesion located on the cortical surface and subcortically. The brain sulci and gyri should be identified before craniotomy. It is difficult to identify these anatomical structures intraoperatively (after craniotomy) with precision. The main purpose of this study was to collect as much information as possible from the literature and our clinical practice in order to facilitate the placement of craniotomies without using modern neuronavigation systems. Operative reports from the last five years on cranial operations for cortical and subcortical lesions were reviewed. All the craniotomies had been planned, using four methods: detection of craniometric points, computed tomography (CT) scans/topograms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans/topograms, and intraoperative real-time ultrasonography (USG). Retrospectively, we analyzed 295 cranial operations. Our analysis showed that operating on for cortical lesions, we had frequently used the first and the second method mentioned above (118 patients), while in cases of subcortical lesions, we had used craniometric points, MRI scans/topograms and intraoperative real-time USG as methods of neuronavigation (177 patients). These results show that craniometric points are essential in both neurosurgical procedures.
The Boone Indicator as Determinant of Croatian Insurance Market Soundness
Authors: Kramarić Tomislava Pavić , Miletić Marko
Published: January 2020

This paper deals with the influence of competition on soundness of Croatian insurers using the Boone indicator when measuring competition. The authors analyse Croatian insurers that operated over the pre-EU accession period 2008 – 2012 as well as in the period 2013 – 2017, i.e. after the accession to the EU. Several firm-level, industry-level and macroeconomic variables are used in the research. The findings of the analysis are twofold. Specifically, the Boone indicator reveals the impact of competition on the performance of efficient insurers in post-EU accession period only accounting for the reallocation effects proving that efficient insurers make higher profits. Regarding the determinants of the insurers’ soundness, premium to surplus ratio and inflation rate play significant role in pre - EU accession period whereas reinsurance and GDP growth rate are statistically significant after EU accession. Moreover, the competition increased in the years after the EU accession. Robustness check provides similar results.
Personal Qualities in the Context of Sales Manager Competence Development
Authors: Gabrevičienė Aušra , Petrošienė Birutė , Šidlauskienė Danguolė
Published: January 2020

Research purpose: The aim was to identify the personal qualities needed to develop sales manager competences.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The methods used were theoretical—systematic analysis of literature sources; empirical—employers’ research questionnaire; descriptive statistical data analysis.

Findings. Having analyzed the competencies and personal qualities required for a sales manager, one can observe the tendency to look at the future specialist in a modern way. Both authors and respondents emphasize that the future employee must take the initiative to improve his/her professionalism. When comparing the competencies, required for the manager, indicated by the scientists and employers, the conclusion is that a large part of managerial competencies are partly or entirely of generic competences origin deriving from the personal qualities. For example, creativity in solving problems is a personal feature, but the ability to solve problems creatively must be accompanied by the ability to base the decision on appropriate knowledge. On the other hand, use of special knowledge must be based on creativity in the search for the necessary information, which is again a matter of personal qualities.

Originality/Value/Practical implications. Based on the results of the research carried out, the authors of the article propose measures to improve a sales manager’s competence development(a) by training a sales manager, to reduce the scope of strategic knowledge subjects in the study process, and fill in loose credits with the subjects that develop the student’s competences to identify perfectly the functional values of the products and services sold and to sell them but not just to offer as low price as possible; and (b) in the descriptions of management study programs, to emphasize the orientation to changing labor market factors: increase of personal responsibility, promotion of creativity and individual initiative, continuous learning and adaptation to changing conditions.
The Role of Small Business in the Economy and Methods of Its Government Support Using the Example of the Republic of Latvia
Authors: Verovska Ludmila , Zujeva Renate
Published: January 2020

Research purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of small and medium enterprises in the economy, as well as to study and evaluate the effectiveness of government support methods for small business entities (SMEs) using the example of the Republic of Latvia. The subject of the research was the system of state regulation and promotion of SME development. The object of the research was the sphere of small business in the Latvian economy, including SMEs, infrastructure support and development of small business.

Design/Methodology/Approach. The study used basic methods of scientific knowledge of economics: an interdisciplinary approach combining methods of systems and comparative analysis, an integrated approach, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, methods of organization theory and management, logical analysis, strategic management and also economic analysis of small businesses.

Findings. The research resulted in a system of state regulation and promotion of SME development in Latvia developed by the author, based on an assessment of the impact of measures provided to support SMEs, taking into account the importance of the role of small business in the economy of the Republic of Latvia.

Originality/Value/Practical implications. The practical significance of the work is that the study completes a number of conclusions and practical recommendations in the field of organizational measures for effective support and multilateral development of the SME sector in the economy, recognition of the role of small business as the basis of the economic stability of the Republic of Latvia and the effectiveness of its support as the main state economic policy goal.
Action research: The key to inclusive education in Cyprus
Authors: Constantia Charalampous , Christos Papademetriou
Published: January 2020

The main aim of the article is to explore the role of Collaborative Action Research (CAR) in promoting inclusive education within a mainstream school in Cyprus. The preliminary data for this research were gathered using a mixed methodology approach. CAR was then carried out in a single school with 150 participants. The study then examined the extent to which CAR enhanced inclusive education, using interviews. Finally, the results showed that CAR is one of the factors which can lead to inclusion.
Identification of the Location of Vanished Objects of Baroque Land in Lysá Nad Labem
Authors: Havlová M.
Published: January 2020

The case study focuses on localizing the vanished complex of Count Špork’s baroque landscape at Lysá nad Labem using aerial photography. The only source localizing the former historical objects is Vogt’s veduta from 1712. The objects were not captured in any historical cartographic materials, as they had disappeared before the first mapping of the territory. So no relevant information on the vanished objectsis at disposal. The results of the present study are rectification of the objects in the southwestern part of Vogt’s veduta and aerial images of the previously unspecified structures near the former hospital Karlov. The study provides more information on one of the largest vanished baroque complexes in Central Europe and opens up further for closer studies of this area including thebaroque landscape. At the same time, the effectiveness of aerial survey for the needs of landscape planning has been confirmed. Thanks to localizing the vanished monuments, they can be incorporated into the landscape planning system and approached as a cultural heritage, a value and a limit of the territory.
Economic and environmental side of the use of biotechnologies Case Study: Synthesis of some bioplastics from algae
Authors: Naesa Abeer , Mona Reabal , Kara-Ali Ahmad Ibrahim , Laika Hussam Eddin
Published: January 2020

Disposal of plastic waste is a serious problem, because plastics accumulate in the environment and cause significant pollution due to their degradability.

Therefore, the main objective of this research was to reach the biodegradable plastics industry as alternatives to non-biodegradable plastics. And the existence of such biodegradable plastic must contribute in reducing the emission of harmful greenhouse gases and keeps the environment clean, and reduces the cost for pollution from the accumulation of plastic waste.

Algae was used as a raw material for the production of bio-plastics because of its unique properties such as it grows rapidly and in large quantities at a low cost and grows in a variety of water environments throughout the year, which means that there is no risk in the difficulty of securing the raw materials needed for the production of bio-plastics The study concluded that the tested samples partially decomposed in fresh and alkaline water during a period of 26 days, which means a high dependence on algae to the production of bio plastics as an environmentally friendly industry.
The Brexitologic of Competitiveness
Authors: Čiderová Denisa , Kovačević Dubravka , Čerňák Jozef
Published: January 2020

Adam Smith finalised his magnum opus An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations between 1773 (Boston Tea Party) and 1776 (Declaration of Independence), and in its final paragraph Britain should “endeavour to accommodate her future views and designs to the real mediocrity of her circumstances”. The Wealth of Nations was “aimed to influence British MPs [Members of Parliament] to support a peaceful resolution to the American colonies’ War of Independence”, A. Smith “urged legislators to awaken from the “golden dream” of empire and avoid “a long, expensive and ruinous war”“, and “rejection of the protectionist Corn Laws in favour of opening up to the world economy marked the start of an era of globalization which contributed to Britain’s prosperity”, as Yueh (2019, p. 16f) puts it. Over the years, industrialization brought about by the Industrial Revolution has been challenged by deindustrialization, globalization by deglobalization. So with the “Brexit issue” at stake, what has been the “Brexitologic of Competitiveness”? In an earlier relevant series of analyses published by Čiderová et al. between 2012-2014 our focus was on the Global Competitiveness Index (alias the GCI by the World Economic Forum) in a spectrum of territorial and temporal perspectives related to the European Union. Now, in this follow-up comparative study zooming out to globalization and zooming in to competitiveness, our focus is streamlined to the “openended Brexit issue” on the background of updates of the GCI (alias GCI 4.0) and the KOF Globalisation Index (the latter by ETH Zürich).
The Effectiveness of a Regional Railway Line - Case Study on the Track Hodonín - Holíč Nad Moravou
Authors: Šperka Adrián , Dolinayová Anna
Published: January 2020

The effectiveness of regional railway lines has been a much discussed theme recently mainly in case of lines which are not sufficient per the capacity requirements of carriers, or vice-versa, which are utilised only to a minimum extent. The article deals with the assessment of options how to utilise the railway line Hodonín - Holíč nad Moravou with respect to its inclusion into Revision of Transport Expenses document. Based on the analysis of present operation situation in that border crossing as well as on the analysis of passenger and freight railway transport operation various options of utilising the line have been investigated with respect to operation and economic options of individual alternatives.
On the Origins of the Japanese Language
Authors: Elmer Patrick
Published: January 2020

In this article, I deal with the historical development of the Japanese language by applying a multi-disciplinary approach that uses data from a variety of fields. My research indicates that the home-land of the Japonic language family may have been in the lower Yangtze River Valley, from where its speakers moved to the Korean Peninsula and eventually to Japan during the Yayoi period. This spread is associated with the dispersal of wet rice agriculture from the area south of the Yangtze River via the northeastern Asian mainland, where it was in contact with cultures cultivating millet. Old Japanese mythology and genealogical data suggests that the earliest known ethnic group that spoke Japonic may have been the Hayato people of southern Kyūshū.1
Application of DNA Barcoding in Taxonomy and Phylogeny: An Individual Case of COI Partial Gene Sequencing from Seven Animal Species
Authors: Drohvalenko M. , Mykhailenko A. , Rekrotchuk M. , Shpak L. , Shuba V. , Trokhymchuk R. , Utevsky S. , Zinenko O.
Published: January 2020

A part of the COI mitochondrial barcoding gene was sequenced from seven species of different taxonomical groups: Ambystoma mexicanum (Amphibia, Ambystomatidae), Darevskia lindholmi, Lacerta agilis exigua (Reptilia, Lacertidae), Erinaceus roumanicus (Mammalia, Erinaceidae), Macrobiotus sp. 1 and 2 (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae) and Cameraria ohridella (Insecta, Gracillariidae). The sequences were compared with available sequences from databases and positioned on phylogenetic trees when the taxa had not yet been sequenced. The presence of Mexican axolotls in herpetoculture in Ukraine was confirmed. The partial COI genes of the Crimean rock lizard and an eastern sub-species of the sand lizard were sequenced. We demonstrated the presence of two tardigrade mitochondrial lineages of the Macrobiotus hufelandi group in the same sample from the Zeya Natural Reserve in the Far East: one was nearly identical to the Italian M. macrocalix, and the other one is similar to M. persimilis and M. vladimiri. We also confirmed the presence of the invasive haplotype “A” of the horse chestnut leaf miner in Ukraine, in line with the hypothesized route of invasion from Central Europe.
Sharp Differences in the Timing of Male and Female Spring Arrival in the European Stonechat, Saxicola Rubicola, and the Whinchat, S. Rubetra (Passeriformes, Muscicapidae), in North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Banik M. V.
Published: January 2020

Protandry, or the arrival of males prior to females to the breeding grounds is a widespread phenomenon in migratory birds though rarely examined in related species in which its manifestation can vary. European Stonechat and Whinchat are such a pair studied with use of individual marking in North-Eastern Ukraine in 1993–2008. An apparent protandry was found in Whinchat but not in European Stonechat. The difference between the arrival dates of male and female Whinchats (6 days) was significant. The mean time span between territory establishment by a male and subsequent pair formation was 10.6 days. By contrast, 38% of the first records of European Stonechats in spring were those of already paired birds and the difference between arrival dates of both sexes was non-significant. The proximate cause of protandry in Whinchat and its’ absence in European Stonechat seems to be the differences (or the lack thereof) in the onset of spring migration. The time lapse between the start of migration of male and female Whinchats originates at African wintering grounds and is maintained en route. The absence of the protandry in European Stonechat is probably a relict behaviour from the residency. The protandry in migratory populations of this species is yet to be developed.
Pengujian Indikator Subjektif dan Okulomotor dalam Mendeteksi Kantuk dan Kelelahan: Eksperimen dengan Simulator Kereta Api
Authors: Theresia Clara
Published: January 2020

Kelelahan dan kantuk merupakan faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kecelakaan khususnya disektor transportasi. Sejumlah pengukuran subjektif dan objektif dapat digunakan sebagai indikator pendeteksi kelelahan dan kantuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan investigasi apakah terdapat korelasi antara Karolinska sleepiness Scale sebagai indikator kantuk subjektif terhadap frekuensi kedipan sebagai indikator okulomotor objektif dalam mendeteksi kelelahan dan kantuk. Penelitian ini melibatkan 12 orang partisipan yang mengemudikan simulator kereta api selama 4 jam perjalanan. Setiap partisipan mengalami tiga perlakuan kuantitas tidur pada malam sebelum eksperimen yaitu kondisi tidur ekstrim (2 jam), moderate (4 jam) dan normal (8 jam). Penilaian kelelahan dan kantuk menggunakan 2 indikator yaitu indikator kantuk subjektif dengan Karolinska Sleepiness Scale dan indikator pergerakan mata berupa frekuensi kedipan per menit dari rekaman video kamera sepanjang perjalanan. Temuan utama pada penelitian ini yaitu adanya korelasi positif kuat antara indikator kantuk subjektif terhadap indikator okulomotor berupa frekuensi kedipan per menit khususnya untuk kondisi tidur moderate 4 jam (r=0.861, p=0.013). Korelasi yang kuat antara keduanya menunjukkan bahwa kedua indikator baik subjektif maupun okulomotor dapat saling mendukung dalam mendeteksi kantuk dan kelelahan. Temuan lainnya bahwa skor KSS>5 terjadi setelah satu jam mengemudi untuk kondisi sleep deprivation ekstrim 2 jam dan terjadi setelah 160 menit mengemudi pada kondisi tidur moderate 4 jam.
Pemberian Static Stretching Exercise Dapat Meningkatkan Fungsional Punggung Bawah Pada Penjahit
Authors: Karunia Saraswati Ni Luh Putu Gita , Adiputra Luh Made Indah Sri Handari , Pramana Putra Putu Yudi
Published: January 2020

Penjahit merupakan salah satu aset penting untuk memenangkan persaingan industri teksil. Sikap kerja selama menjahit dan bekerja dalam jangka waktu yang lama akan memicu timbulnya keluhan muskuloskeletal seperti ketegangan otot dan rasa nyeri pada area punggung bawah. Keluhan ini akan berdampak pada penurunan kemampuan fungsional punggung bawah, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas. Hasil wawancara dan penilaian menggunakan Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA) didapatkan hasil sikap kerja penjahit berada di level 6 yang diintepretasikan sebagai posisi kerja penjahit perlu segera dirubah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pemberian static stretching exercise dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional punggung bawah pada penjahit. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan one group pre test post test design. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2018 dengan pengulangan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 15 orang. Pengukuran fungsional punggung bawah menggunakan modified-modified Schoober test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan Paired Sample t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang signifikan setelah pemberian static stretching exercise (p<0,05). Disimpulkan pada penelitian ini adalah kemampuan fungsional punggung bawah dapat ditingkatkan melalui static stretching exercise.
Sikap Kerja Lebih Ergonomis Menurunkan Gaya Kompresi Tulang Belakang dan Keluhan Muskuloskeletal serta Meningkatkan Produktivitas
Authors: Cintya Dewi Komang Ayu , Tirtayasa Ketut , Adiputra Luh Made Indah Sri Handari
Published: January 2020

Peran pekerja bangunan sangat penting dalam proses membangun atau merenovasi rumah. Saat pekerja bangunan mengangkat pasir menggunakan gerobak tangan, pekerja melakukan sikap membungkuk dengan beban angkat yang cukup tinggi sehingga gaya kompresi tulang belakang mencapai 7449 N yang termasuk dalam kategori bahaya karena melebihi batas maksimum yang rekomendasikan NIOSH. Sikap kerja tersebut juga memicu timbulnya keluhan muskuloskeletal terutama pada bagian tulang belakang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap kerja yang lebih ergonomis terhadap gaya kompresi tulang belakang, keluhan muskuloskeletal dan produktivitas kerja. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 8 orang dengan populasi seluruh pekerja bangunan di Denpasar. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2019 di salah satu rumah yang sedang dibangun di Kota Denpasar. Pengukuran variabel gaya kompresi menggunakan analisis biomekanika melalui hitung manual dan menggunakan software 3D SSPP serta keluhan muskuloskeletal menggunakan Nordic Body Map. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa sikap kerja yang lebih ergonomis pada pekerja bangunan di Denpasar dapat menurunkan gaya kompresi L5/S1 sebesar 67,25%, penurunan gaya kompresi L4/L5 sebesar 64,34%, penurunan keluhan muskuloskeletal sebesar 4,92% (p<0,05), dan meningkatkan produktivitas kerja sebesar 5,97% (p<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa sikap kerja yang lebih ergonomis dapat menurunkan gaya kompresi, keluhan muskuloskeletal dan meningkatkan produktivitas kerja. Disarankan kepada seluruh pekerja bangunan agar menerapkan sikap kerja yang ergonomis agar terhindar dari penyakit akibat kerja.
Tanker Industry is More Ready against Cyber Threats
Authors: Oruc A , Flinstone Fred
Published: January 2020

Cyber security in the maritime industry became crucial due to both academic researches and incidents. There are academic studies that show vulnerabilities in various navigation equipments such as GPS, ECDIS, AIS and ARPA-Radar. Additionally, there are different cyber incidents around the world. Developments in technology, autonomous ship projects, academic studies and cyber incidents in the sector put in action IMO. As per ISM Code, all shipping companies are mandatory to add “Guidelines on Maritime Cyber Risk Management” manual to their SMS manuals until 1st January 2021. Both OCIMF and CDI failed to be indifferent to developments that are important for tanker operators as well as IMO. While OCIMF added cybersecurity-related questions to vetting programs called TMSA 3 and VIQ 7, CDI also added cybersecurity-related items in SIR 9.8.1 edition. On the other hand, RightShip provides significant vetting service for dry cargo ships. “Inspection and Assessment Report” is issued by RigthShip for dry cargo ships. Questions related with cybersecurity was added with Revision No: 11 dated on 11th May 2017 in “Inspection and Assessment Report”. In this study, cyber security related questions which are asked during TMSA, SIRE and CDI vettings which play a critical role for commercial life of tanker firms, were analyzed. Moreover, questions and efficiency of RightShip that offers vetting service for dry cargo ships, were assessed to maritime cyber security. Also, cybersecurity-related questions in vetting questionnaires were interpreted by the author. These comments rely on benchmarking meetings among tanker operators where the author personally attended, and interview with key persons. Noted observations during vettings may negatively impact both commercial life and reputation of the tanker operators. That’s why the firm names and interviewee names were kept confidential. In this study, it was seen that although IMO demanded verification of cyber security-related implementations for the ship operators until 1st January 2021, this process started earlier for tanker operators.
Miasta na prawach powiatu z rozwiniętym przemysłem jako lokalne ośrodki rozwoju na obszarach peryferyjnych polskich regionów
Authors: Sołtys Jacek , Dorocki Sławomir
Published: January 2020

Najwięcej czynników rozwoju posiadają duże miasta, a zwłaszcza obszary metropolitalne.Pojawiają się pytania: 1) Czy i jakie czynniki rozwoju są na obszarach peryferyjnych województw (czyli pozaobszarami funkcjonalnymi miast wojewódzkich)? 2) Czy motorem rozwoju tych obszarów mógłby być przemysł? Pytania te mają związek z dyskusją na temat reindustrializacji Unii Europejskiej i roli Polski w tym procesie. Niniejsze opracowanie ma przynajmniej częściowo odpowiedzieć na powyższe pytania. Przedmiotem badań były miasta na prawach powiatu na obszarach peryferyjnych województw, a celem – sprawdzenie:1) jaki jest poziom rozwoju przemysłu w tych miastach,2) czy specyficzne czynniki rozwoju i ich kombinacje są zauważane i wykorzystywane w strategiach rozwoju miast. Jako metody badawcze zastosowano: analizy statystyczne wskaźników, analizy kartograficzne oraz analizy strategii rozwoju 11 miast. Stwierdzono, że specyficzne czynniki rozwoju, a tym bardziej ich kombinacje, w większości badanych strategii nie są właściwie rozpoznawane, eksponowane i wykorzystywane.
Nowe zintegrowane planowanie w kontekście kształtowania i rozwoju terenów przemysłowych i usługowych w regionach metropolitalnych
Authors: Stelmach­‑Fita Beata
Published: January 2020

Artykuł dotyczy badań jakościowych, regionalnych. Jest głosem w dyskursie na temat poszukiwanego „modelu zintegrowanego planowania” (społeczno­‑gospodarczego i przestrzennego) w Polsce, który byłby spójny z prawem Unii Europejskiej i dawał możliwość wykorzystywania potencjałów rozwojowych regionu metropolitalnego. Badania regionalne są prowadzone przez autorkę od 2012 roku, a wspólnie z zespołem badawczym w latach 2016–2017. Jako studium przypadku zaprezentowano działania podejmowane w Pomorskim Biurze Planowania Regionalnego w Gdańsku. Między innymi opisano metody określania zasad zagospodarowania przestrzennego wykorzystane w Planie zagospodarowania przestrzennego Obszaru Metropolitalnego Gdańsk–Gdynia–Sopot 2030 oraz metody delimitacji strategicznych obszarów rozwoju funkcji metropolitalnych. Doceniając również inne obserwowane działania w samorządach wojewódzkich, integrujące planowanie przestrzenne z polityką rozwojową, autorka dokonała próby identyfikacji mechanizmów zintegrowanego planowania, które mogą mieć wpływ na kształtowanie i rozwój terenów przemysłowo­‑usługowych. Jednak w opinii autorki bez zmiany systemu prawnego te wszystkie opisane działania będą miały niewielki wpływ na efektywne, właściwe wykorzystanie gruntów. Jako konkluzję autorka zaprezentowała model planowania przestrzennego w zintegrowanym systemie polityki rozwoju kraju – do dalszych dyskusji.
Procesy koncentracji i specjalizacji przemysłu w województwie dolnośląskim w latach 2005–2016 – ujęcie przestrzenne
Authors: Brezdeń Paweł
Published: January 2020

Artykuł poświęcony jest problematyce przestrzennego wymiaru i zróżnicowania procesu koncentracji przemysłu oraz towarzyszącej mu specjalizacji w województwie dolnośląskim w latach 2005–2016.Celem opracowania jest dokonanie oceny stopnia rozwoju wspominanych procesów. Zakres przyjętych do analiz zagadnień uzależniony był od dostępności danych, szczególnie na poziome lokalnym. W artykule zaprezentowano analizy dotyczące m.in. wartości produkcji sprzedanej przemysłu, pracujących w działalności przemysłowej czy struktury przestrzennej podmiotów przetwórstwa przemysłowego według intensywnościprac badawczo-rozwojowych. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano także dynamikę przyjętych do analizy zmiennych. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują na istotne zmiany, jakie nastąpiły w latach 2005–2016 w strukturze przestrzennej regionu w zakresie koncentracji i specjalizacji przemysłu. Towarzyszyło im jednocześnie obniżenie poziomu koncentracji produkcji przemysłowej. Województwo dolnośląskie cechuje się znacznym zróżnicowaniem przestrzennym procesów koncentracji i specjalizacji działalności przemysłowej. Największy przyrost produkcji przemysłowej był charakterystyczny dla powiatów bezpośrednio zlokalizowanych w sąsiedztwie głównych ośrodków miejskich regionu. Zidentyfikowane prawidłowości wskazują na rosnącą rolę całego obszaru strefy podmiejskiej, szczególnie Wrocławia, jako terenu intensywnego przenikania działalności przemysłowej z ośrodka centralnego. Przenikanie to ma jednak charakter selektywny.
Instrumenty zarządzania przemysłem w pierwszych 10 latach transformacji gospodarczej w Polsce (1989–1999)
Authors: Klimek Dariusz
Published: January 2020

Artykuł ma na celu ocenę skuteczności instrumentów polityki gospodarczej i przemysłowej w trakcie restrukturyzacji polskiego przemysłu w pierwszych 10 latach transformacji. Pierwsza część zawiera wykaz wybranych zdarzeń i zjawisk, które powodowały konieczność stosowania tych instrumentów.W drugiej części artykułu autor dokonał krótkiego opisu stosowanych wówczas instrumentów, takich jak:ceny, podatki, taryfy celne i rozwiązania pozataryfowe, postępowania ugodowe i sądowe z wierzycielami, programy restrukturyzacyjne rządowe i branżowe, instytucje wspierające restrukturyzację, finansowanie prac badawczych, dotacje, ulgi, poręczenia i gwarancje Skarbu Państwa, inwestycje rządowe, ochrona rynku przed importem, transakcje offsetowe. Autor postawił hipotezę, że niewielka skuteczność instrumentów polityki gospodarczej i przemysłowej była jedną z przyczyn upadłości dużej części polskiego przemysłu w latach 1989–1999.Trzecia część artykułu to prezentacja wyników badań empirycznych w postaci sondażu eksperckiego na temat ich skuteczności, wykonanych pod koniec 2018 roku. Podstawowy wniosek z przeprowadzonych badań potwierdza postawioną hipotezę i nie jest optymistyczny. Mimo dużej liczby istniejących wówczas instrumentów polityki gospodarczej i przemysłowej ich skuteczność była niewielka, brakowało również kilku ważnych instrumentów, które mogły pozytywnie wpłynąć na zmiany i ich skutki w polskim przemyśle w pierwszych latach transformacji.
Eksport drewna z Ukrainy na tle rosnącego deficytu surowcowego w przemyśle drzewnym UE
Authors: Czaplińska Anna , Kibych Iryna
Published: January 2020

Eksport surowca drzewnego z Ukrainy do UE przybrał w ostatnich latach niespotykane rozmiary. Jego dynamika wynika nie tylko z ogromnej aktywności po stronie podaży, ale również rosnącego popytu na drewno i produkty z drewna w krajach UE. Większość ukraińskiego surowca drzewnego pozyskuje się, przetwarza i wywozi w szarej strefie, będącej w zasadzie poza kontrolą służb państwowych. Dlatego do pełnego zrozumienia zachodzących procesów pozyskiwania drewna, jego wstępnego przerobu, przygotowania do eksportu i wywozu, należy uwzględnić zarówno kontekst ekonomiczny, jak i społeczno-kulturowy, gdyż w przypadku ukraińskiego rynku drzewnego odgrywa on równie ważną rolę. Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka uwarunkowań społeczno-gospodarczych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem form pozyskiwania surowca drzewnego oraz jego często konfidencjonalnego przetwarzania i eksportu głównie do krajów UE.W badaniach wykorzystano dostępne oficjalne roczniki i opracowania statystyczne oraz materiały z ogólnodostępnych raportów analitycznych przygotowanych przez specjalistyczne międzynarodowe instytucje.