bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islam dan Masa Depan Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Abdullah Ahmed Al-Na’im
Authors: Musarrofa Ita
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The reality of the modern world necessitates a Muslim to rethink about how to be a Muslim in the middle of the interdependence of security, politics, social and culture. This makes Abdullah Ahmed al-Na'im, a Sudanese Muslim intellectual, be restless. The provision of international legal guarantees for the implementation of the collective right of every nation to self-determination make Muslims play the majority of mobilizing their identity in the form of an Islamic state and the implementation of shari’ah itself. However, the affirmation of the collective right to self-determination must be placed within the framework of providing justice for all citizens regardless of sex, race and religion. Herein lies the problem of the implementation of Islamic shari’ah. It is because in some cases, the implementation of Islamic shari’ah actually violates Human Rights, especially the rights of women and non-Muslims. Al-Na'im seeks a peaceful path that Human Rights which established by the United Nations gets the legitimacy of Islam, so that the implementation of the collective right to self-determination by Muslims is not contrary to the values of Human Rights that have been declared universally.Keywords: Human rights, universal, shariah, Abdullah Ahmed al-Na'im
Penerapan Parliamentary Threshold pada Pemilihan Umum 2009
Authors: Itasari Nur’Ayni
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The selection process through the  (general) election mechanism can be identified with the electoral system ever implemented in the Islamic government. First, the electoral system of ahl al-hall wa al-'aqd which was carried out by the trust and allegiance. Second, the electoral system of ahl al-hall wa al-'aqd which was done through the periodic election, selection in society, and by the head of state. Parliamentary Threshold (PT) is a threshold mechanism in place at legislative elections (for parliament) with a percentage of 2.5% for the political parties which contested the election to follow the counting in the determination of the House of Representative’s seats. Parliamentary Threshold, according to Law No. 10 year 2008, article 202, paragraph 1 (regarding the election of members of DPR, DPD and DPRD) in the 2009 election, was implemented by calculating the minimum total of 2.5% of the valid votes in the national political party contestants. Then those parties were listed, which ones were the Parliamentary Threshold and which ones were not the Parliamentary Threshold to determine BPP to calculate the DPR’s seats for the electoral party  contestants that had passed the threshold.Keywords: Parliamentary threshold, general election, democracy, and constitution
Konsep Pemerintahan Religius dan Demokrasi Menurut Abdul Karim Soroush dan Ayatullah Khomeini
Authors: Fadoil M. Heri
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Abdul Karim Soroush judges that religious rule is incorrect assessment of the application of Islamic jurisprudence. In a religious society, Islamic jurisprudence obtains the right to govern. It is, of course, necessary to establish a kind of Islamic jurisprudence-based religious rule. Soroush firmly rejects it because such interpretation is too narrow. As for democracy, Soroush argues that the system used is not necessarily equal to that of the Western. On the contrary, Ayatollah Khomeini’s thoughts on religious rule are reflected in the so called wilayat al-faqih. It is a religious scholar-based government. Democracy, according to him, is the values of Islam itself, which is able to represent the level of a system to bring to the country’s progress. Principally, there are some similarities between the ideas of Ayatollah Khomeini and those of Abdul Karim Soroush in term of religiosity. They assume that it is able to sustain the religious system of government. The difference between both lies on the application of religiosity itself. Ayatollah Khomeini applies the concept of a religious scholar-based government, while Abdul Karim Soroush rejects the institutionalization of religion in the government or state.Keywords: Governance, democracy, Abdul Karim Soroush, Ayatollah Khomeini
Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa Daleman Kecamatan Kedungdung Kabupaten Sampang
Authors: Habibi Habibi
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about a political shari’ah’s view on the implementation of the village’s head election in Daleman-Kedungdung-Sampang. The results of the research conclude that the mechanism of the village’s head election starting from the formation of the committee election, the candidates crawl, the campaign, the voice collecting and counting, and the announcement and the establishment of elected candidates. The election committee has done them according to the procedures and not in conflict with the political shari’ah as well as the Regional Regulation of Sampang No. 5 year 2006 concerning the procedures for the nomination, election, appointment and dismissal of the head of the village. However, in its implementation, there was one of the candidates practiced money politics and intimidation where the money politics is banned by Islamic law, while intimidation violates the basic values of the political shari’ah about welfare. It is not also justified under article 15 of Regional Regulation No. 5, article 15 year 2006 of Sampang. In addition to the money politics and intimidation practice, the village’s head election is also tinged with gambling which is obviously forbidden in Islam. However, the Regional Regulation has not clearly set those practices yet.Keywords: Village’s head election, political shari’ah
Calon Perseorangan dalam Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah
Authors: Warjiyati Sri
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the individual candidate in the general election of regional head in political jurisprudence perspective. Before the Mahkamah Konstitusi’s decision No. 5/PUU-V/2007 pointed out, the individual candidate could have enter the two political institutions; first, in the 2004 general election, the individual candidate competed to get into the institution of the Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia; second, Undang-Undang No. 11 tahun 2006 regarding with the Government of Aceh where the individual candidate could compete with the candidates promoted by the national political party in electing the regional head in all over Aceh. The decision of Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 5/PUU-V/ means that the local head election held in various regions can include the individual independent candidate. In political jurisprudence perspective, mechanism of the individual candidacy in the election has already in accordance with the concept of maslahah al-‘ammah ie. hifdz al-ummah.  In this case, any of the individual independent candidates who nominate themselves as the regional head cannot be discriminated and they deserve the right to nominate to be in line with the Mahkamah Konstitusi’s decision.Keywords: Candidate, individual, local election, jurisprudence, siyasah
Peran Fraksi Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa di DPRD Kabupaten Sumenep Periode 2009-2014
Authors: Kusliyatun Kusliyatun
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article focuses on the role of the National Awakening Party (PKB) in the local parliament. This research concludes that the role of PKB of DPRD in Sumenep is committed by the spirit of fighting poverty and encouraging the grass root people-based APBD. These spirits are appropriate with the principle of maslahah (benefit) and ‘adl (justice). In line with the above conclusion, it is expected to the readers to be able to do more researches on the role of the National Awakening Party (PKB) in the local parliament. So that the further research will be able to fight the poverty of the grass root people based on the will of Siyasah Jinayah.Keywords: Candidate, individual, regional election, Islamic political jurisprudence
Implementasi Hak Anak yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana di Pengadilan Negeri Sidoarjo
Authors: Nikmah Siti Khoirul
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article is a field research on “implementation of child’s rights who conducts crime according to Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 1997 in Pengadilan Negeri of Sidoarjo on the Islamic criminal law perspective”. This study aims to answer the questions about the implementation of the child’s rights who commits offense under Undang-Undang No. 3, tahun 1997 in Pengadilan Negeri of Sidoarjo and the view of the Islamic criminal law on the child’s rights who commits crime. To answer the two main questions, the author uses descriptive analysis method. The research shows that the implementation of the child’s rights who commits offense under Undang-Undang No. 3 tahun 1997 in Pengadilan Negeri of Sidoarjo during the process of examination in court are; entitling to an explanation of the procedure of the trial and the case, obtainning a legal counseling during the trial and a right to choose his own legal counsellor, communicating to his legal supervisor, getting an adequate facility in the trial, gaining protection against adverse actions, obtaining a right to express and defend his own opinion, getting a treatment as set out in the criminal code. In Islamic law, the judicial process of child who commits criminal acts is entitled to defense himself whether conducted by the child himself or his own legal counsellor and he also has right to ask a compensation for a wrong decision.Keywords: Child’s rights, crime, Undang-Undang, Islamic law.
Pembuktian Perzinaan dalam Perceraian Menurut al-Qur’an dan Hukum Acara Perdata
Authors: Sa’adah Mazro’atus
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article highlights about adultery as one of the strong reasons of divorce. The reason is however quite difficult to be legally proved. As mentioned in the Qur’an, verification of adultery is by presenting the four male witnesses. And it has been mentioned in the Qur’an chapter al-Nisa’, verse 15, 16, 25 and in chapter al-Nur, verse 2, 4, 13 that the four male witnesses should be Muslim. In addition, Another way to prove adultery is li’an as written in the Qur’an, chapter al-Nur, verse 6-9 that a husband who accuses his wife committing adultery while he does not have adequate evidence other than he himself, so he can prove it with a li’an oath.  It is also clearly stipulated in article 88 of Undang-Undang No.7 tahun 1989. While the proofs of adultery under the civil law of Religious Court other than the testimony of the four male witnesses are also by letter, oath, recognition, and conjecture.Keywords: Verification, adultery, the Qur’an, the civil law
Konsep Keadilan dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Islam
Authors: Amin Mahir
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the concept of justice in the perspective of the philosophy of Islamic law. Philosophically, there are two formulations of justice: first, the view that what is meant by justice is a harmony between the use of right and obligation are in line with the implementation of the proposition of “the balance of law” or “the dose of right and obligation”; second, the view of the lawyers who formulate that justice is a harmony between legal certainty and proportionality of law. Justice, in Islamic law, is derived from the Most Just. It is because Allah SWT is the upholder of justice, then He must be believed not to apply unjust to His servants. The concept of justice, based on al-Shatibi’s maqasid al-shari’ah theory, is determined by the benefits which are divided into three, namely daruriyyat (necessities), hajiyyat (needs), and tahsiniyyat (luxuries). This indicates that Islam is concerned with the issue of justice. The conception of justice will continue to evolve in line with the social development. Construction of law and justice in Islam cannot be separated from morality and transcendental beliefs since these aspects are intertwined.Keywords: Justice, philosophy, law, Islam.
Politik Kebangsaan Nahdlatul Ulama Perspektif Pemikiran KH. Abdul Muchith Muzadi
Authors: Rofi’i Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the KH. Abdul Muchith Muzadi’s point of view on Nahdlatul Ulama and the national political of NU. NU as a religious organizations based on the theory of Ahl wal Jama'ah, having tenets include: tawassut (moderate), tawazun, tasamuh, and commanding the good and forbidding the evil; which has always been the political basis of nationality NU in Indonesian politics. In KH. Abdul Muchith Muzadi’s idea, nationality politics is defined as our responsibility in maintaining the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) is universally from groups separastisme that lead to disunity, disintegration and destruction, in the commitments, namely Pancasila. So, national politics of NU in the perspective of KH Muchith Muzadi is the appreciation of the national consensus and the embodiment of devotion NU in upholding the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) as something that was final. Keywords: Politics, nationality, NU, and Abdul Muchith Muzadi
Pemikiran Abdul Qadim Zallum tentang Majelis Umat dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat di Indonesia
Authors: Arifin M. Syamsul
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article describes the conception of Majelis Umat according to Abdul Qadim Zallum and conception of the DPR under the Constitution of 1945. In Abdul Qadim Zallum’s thought, the conception of Majelis Umat and the DPR basically is a representative of the people in each form of the state, but in conception of Majelis Umat the representativeness of race is limited, such as in the establishment of the law, a people representative of the non-Muslims can’t contribute to the perfection of the law because they are not representative for analizyng Islamic law, so is the Majelis Umat in his opinion (most votes) is not binding for the Caliph, with other words Majelis Umat don’t have any authority in law as having law is God. In the conception of DPR, any issues relating to the welfare of the people being their authority, certainly not without the approval of the President as the leader of the government. So the differences that really stands out is the authority of the Majelis Umat who are severely restricted by the Caliph and shari'ah law itself. While in DPR based on the Constitution of 1945, as long as not contrary to the basis of the country, DPR has the right to request the approval of the President.Keywords: Majelis Umat, the conception, DPR, Abdul Qadim Zallum
Kampanye Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Perspektif Fikih Siyâsah
Authors: Hidayati Anis
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about a Islamic political jurisprudence’s point of view againts campaign for president and vice president election. It is carried out based on Law No. 42 year 2008 concerning with the election of president and vice president. The general election campaign is a sovereign right of the people to produce democratic government based on Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD) 1945. The implementation of the general election campaign has a positive effect that is beneficial for the candidates and for the publics to know the candidates they would choose to be a leader. In Islamic political jurisprudence’s perspective, the implementation of the general election campaign for president and vice president can realize the political rights of individuals associated with the right to nominate and the right to occupy a certain post. All of the people and citizens are entitled to gain a guarantee of their human rights (Hurriyah al-shakhsiyyah) before the law and government.Keywords: Campaign, general election, president, Islamic political jurisprudence.
Kewenangan Komisi Pemilihan Umum dalam Menetapkan Pasangan Calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden
Authors: Zainuddin MZ M.
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The General Election Commission (KPU) is national, permanent, and independent general election organizers. General election, which is held to elect members DPR, DPRD, DPD, the president and vice president, is a means of implementing the rule of the people who carried out directly, generally, freely, confidentially, honestly and fairly in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD) 1945. Within the Islamic political jurisprudence’s perspective, the duties and authorities of the General Election Commission in selecting the candidate for president and vice president participants are not contrary to the principles or the Islamic teachings. They also more emphasize to consultation and transparency in justice in doing the job. Otherwise, KPU can also be equated with ahlul halli wal aqdi institution. This institutions has the authority to decide and accommodate the aspirations of the people and institutions that have duty to determine a leader.Keywords: Electoral commission, president, Islamic political jurisprudence.
Peran KH. Abdul Ghofur dalam Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2014 di Wilayah Kecamatan Paciran Lamongan
Authors: Rohman Ahmad Habibur
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This paper discusses about the role of KH Abdul Ghofur within the general election in 2014 in Paciran-Lamongan. KH Abdul Ghofur was the one behind the winning effort of Gerindra party in Paciran. From the results of recapitulation of votes of the party in the general election in 2014, the Gerindra party got a very significant vote when compared with the number of votes in the general election in 2009. On the other hands, he was also the one behind one of legislative members of DPRD of Lamongan. Based on this, it can be concluded that the political role of KH Abdul Ghofur can be regarded as a very successful role in the winning effort of Gerindra party in Paciran. Therefore, the political role of the clerics cannot be disputed by the political elite and society in general. They can be used as a political role of the party either religion-based party or nationalist –based party or even abangan-based party.Keywords: Role, cleric, victory, Gerindra, general election.
Relasi Agama dan Negara Perspektif KH. A. Wahid Hasyim dan Relevansinya dengan Kondisi Sekarang
Authors: Zionis Rijal Mumazziq
Published: March 2018

Abstract: KH. A. Wahid Hasyim is a progressive and a dynamic Muslim thinker. As a Muslim scholar, he was consistent in his Islamic thought. At the same time, as a statesman, he put the unity of the nation above anything else. The struggle that is worth to be noted here is that although he offered Islam as the state principle by supporting the inclusion of the seven clauses of the Jakarta Charter, but he was willing to remove the seven clauses for the sake of securing unity and integrity of the nation. In Islamic political theory, he is classified as a substantive thinker who supported the symbiotic relationship between religion and state. Up to now, his thought remains relevant to be implemented in the context of the relationship between religion, nation, and state. It is not enough to justly read and examine KH.A. Wahid Hasyim’s thought, the most important thing is how to apply his idea in Islamic and Indonesia context. He advocated moderation (tawazun), tolerance (tasamuh), middle way (tawassuth), and fairness (i’tidal). These values should always be adopted since they are the inclusive and accommodative principles for the life of the nation. Thus, those principles are still relevant for present Indonesia.Keywords: KH. Wahid Hasyim, religion and state relationship, current condition Abstrak: KH. A. Wahid Hasyim merupakan pemikir progresif dan dinamis. Sebagai agamawan, ia konsisten dalam pemikiran keislaman. Sebagai negarawan, ia mengutamakan persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Pengorbanan yang layak dicatat adalah meskipun ia memperjuangkan Islam sebagai dasar negara dengan mendukung pencantuman tujuh anak kalimat dalam Piagam Jakarta, namun ia rela menghapus tujuh kata itu, demi mengutamakan persatuan dan keutuhan bangsa. Dalam khazanah keilmuan politik Islam, ia tergolong pemikir substansialis yang mendukung relasi agama dan negara dalam corak relasi simbiotik. Hingga kini, pemikiran puluhan tahun lalu itu tetap relevan diimplementasikan dalam konteks beragama, berbangsa dan bernegara. Tak cukup hanya membaca dan mengkaji pemikiran KH.A. Wahid Hasyim, yang lebih penting adalah mengaplikasikan gagasan-gagasan KH.A.Wahid Hasyim dalam konteks keislaman dan keindonesiaan. Sikap dan pandangan moderat (tawazun), toleran (tasamuh), mengambil jalan tengah (tawassuth), dan bersikap adil (i’tidal), yang dianut merupakan pilihan tepat yang inklusif dan akomodatif dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dengan demikian, sikap dan pendangannya masih relevan untuk diimplementasikan dalam kondisi sekarang. Pribadi, jejak langkah dan perjuangan KH.A. Wahid Hasyim, sebagai tokoh besar, layak untuk diteladani.Kata Kunci: KH. Wahid Hasyim, relasi agama dan negara, relevansi dengan kondisi sekarang
Pandangan Greg Barton tentang Islam Liberal dan Eksistensi Politik Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Syafi’i M.
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The Greg Barton’s point of view on liberal Islam and Islamic political existence in Indonesia departs from the result of his study on liberal Muslim thinkers in Indonesia, including NurcholishMadjid and Abdurrahman Wahid. Their thoughts are classified as a liberal. Madjid, in most of his methodologies, uses a double movement, while Wahid uses a socio-cultural approach. In addition, MadjidCakNuris also known by his secularization project, while Wahidis famous by his pluralism project. Greg Barton arrived at this conclusion after reading Madjid and Wahid’s opinions in books and articles. In relation to the existence of the political Islam in Indonesia, Greg Barton views that the collapse of the Islamist party of Masjumiwaspartly contributed by Madjid’sliberal thought in understanding Islam. On the other hands, the appearance of religious pluralism in society, which is also a part of a liberal Islamic thought, wasexpedited by Wahid when he was a president of Indonesia.Keywords: Islam liberal, Islamic political existence, Greg Barton Abstrak: Pandangan Greg Barton mengenai Islam liberal dan eksistensi politik Islam di Indonesia berangkat dari hasil penelitiannya terhadap tokoh-tokoh Islam liberal yang ada di Indonesia, di antaranya Nurcholis Madjid dan Abdurrahman Wahid. Kedua tokoh tersebut merupakan sample tokoh Islam liberal yang concern dan konsisten dalam pemikirannya terhadap Islam. Pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut berada pada jalur liberal. Cak Nur menggunakan metode Double Movement dalam kerangka berpikirnya, sedangkan Gus Dur menggunakan pendekatan sosio kultural. Cak Nur dikenal dengan sekularisasinya, sedangkan Gus Dur dikenal dengan pluralismenya. Pemikiran keduanya oleh Greg Barton digambarkan dengan beberapa karya tulis yang menggambarkan sisi sekularnya bagi Cak Nur, dan sisi pluralnya bagi Gus Dur. Dalam kaitannya terhadap eksistensi politik Islam di Indonesia, Greg Barton memandang bahwa runtuhnya Masyumi era Cak Nur, merupakan dampak dari pemikiran liberal Cak Nur dalam memahami Islam. Selain itu muncul nilai pluralitas yang tinggi di masyarakat, yang juga merupakan bagian dari pemikiran Islam liberal. Hal ini dilakukan oleh Gus Dur pada masa ia menduduki pucuk pimpinan negara dan berlangsung lama meskipun ketika Gus Dur lengser.Kata Kunci: Islam liberal, eksistensi politik Islam, Greg Barton
Mekanisme Pelaksanaan Stembusaccord Pada Pemilihan Umum Legislatif
Authors: Taqwa Libasut
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang mekanisme pelaksanaan stembusaccord pada pemilu legislatif  tahun 1999 menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 3 tahun 1999, dan pelaksanaan stembusaccord pada pemilu legislatif 1999 menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 1999 dalam perspektif fiqh siyasah. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa penggabungan sisa hasil pemilu atau stembusaccord yang dilakukan oleh partai Islam dalam pemilu legislatif pada tahun 1999 merupakan salah satu cara untuk menambah jumlah konversi kursi dari hasil sisa suara konstituen. Ketentuan ini oleh delapan partai Islam dilaksanakan seminggu sebelum pemilu dalam bentuk sebuah kesepakatan, walaupun pada akhirnya ketentuan yang diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 33 Tahun 1999 tersebut direduksi oleh pertentangan antar partai politik pada tataran implementasi di parlemen. Dalam pandangan yang lebih luas, sistem stembusaccord ini memiliki efek positif yang menguntungkan bagi konstituen secara umum dan lebih mendekatkan kepada tujuan syari’at yaitu mewujudkan hifz al-ummah, dalam kategori hifz al-nafs yaitu hurriyah al-syakhsiyyah berupa hurriyah al-ra’y dan al-musyawah, yaitu persamaan hak di muka hukum dan pemerintahan.Kata Kunci: Stembusaccord, pemilu legislatif, fiqh siyasah
Ketentuan Pidana Denda Dalam Kejahatan Korupsi Di Tingkat Extraordinary Crime
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Ketentuan pidana denda dalam kejahatan korupsi di tingkat extraordinary crime diatur dalam UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam pasal 2 ayat (1). Pidana denda mempunyai manfaat lebih baik dari pada sanksi pidana perampasan dan memiliki efektivitas dalam membuat jera pelaku korupsi. Ketentuan pidana denda dalam kejahatan korupsi di tingkat extraordinary crime ditinjau hukum pidana Islam mempunyai kesamaan yaitu hukuman bagi orang yang berdosa dengan cara membayar harta sebagai sanksi atas dosanya. Perbedaannya terletak pada penerapan pidana denda dengan menggunakan prinsip proposional bahwa sanksi yang dikenakan harus sesuai dengan beratnya pelanggaran yang telah dilakukan. Sedangkan hukum pidana Islam menggunakan prinsip restorative justice dengan berpangkal tolak pada upaya pencegahan, rekonsiliasi dan pemaafan dalam rangka perdamaian. Kemudian hukum denda dalam pidana Islam tidak menetapkan batas terendah atau tertinggi, hal sepenuhnya diserahkan kepada hakim.Kata Kunci: Denda, korupsi, extraordinary crime, fiqh jinâyah.
Error Facti Pada Pembuktian Illegal Fishing Ditinjau Dari Hukum Islam
Authors: Hasanah Fifin Inbatun
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article highlights the meanings of evidence used to describe the right in front of court in the form of either testimony, witness, or variety of indications that can be used as a guideline by judge to restore the right to its owner. In line with the decision No. 84 PK/Pid/2005 that legal consideration of judex facty of the Court of Gresik, the High Court and the Supreme Court of Surabaya did not consider the result of evidence revealed at the first hearing in the Court of Gresik. A public prosecutor also could not prove who is the real shipowner based on the vessel proofs. This ruling is not appropriate because in term of proof at trial, a public prosecutor should be able to bring witnesses of the shipowner used by the defendant. This is, of course, to determine whether or not anyone who asked or ordered the defendant to do something illegal fishing by transferring, loading, and purchasing the illegal fishing. This is not in accordance with al-Qur’an chapter al-Baqarah verse 282, and al-Talâq verse 2.Keywords: Islamic law, verdict, evidence, illegal fishing. Abstrak: Pembuktian merupakan segala sesuatu yang dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan yang hak (benar) di depan majelis hakim, baik berupa keterangan, saksi, dan berbagai indikasi yang dapat dijadikan pedoman oleh majelis hakim untuk mengembalikan hak kepada pemiliknya. Dalam kasus putusan Nomor: 84 PK/Pid/2005, bahwa pertimbangan hukum judex facty Pengadilan Negeri Gresik, Pengadilan Tinggi Surabaya dan Mahkamah Agung sama sekali tidak mempertimbangkan hasil pembuktian yang terungkap di persidangan tingkat pertama (Pengadilan Negeri Gresik), termasuk Jaksa Penuntut Umum sama sekali tidak dapat/tidak sanggup membuktikan siapa pemilik kapal yang sesungguhnya sesuai surat-surat bukti. Putusan ini kurang tepat, karena dalam hal pembuktian di Persidangan, seorang Jaksa Penuntut Umum seharusnya dapat menghadirkan saksi pemilik kapal yang dipakai oleh terdakwa, untuk mengetahui benar tidaknya siapa yang menyuruh dan atau memerintahkan terdakwa untuk melakukan perbuatan illegal fishing dengan mentransfer, pemuatan, dan pembelian ikan yang tidak sah. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan al-Qur’an Surat al-Baqarah ayat 282, dan surat al-Thalaq ayat 2.Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, putusan, pembuktian, illegal fishing
Pemberian Remisi Kepada Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Rohmah Ivvany Ningtyas Seily
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Punishment remission in Sidoarjo correction facility is granted to nearly all inmates with conditions set out by regulations. It is granted in many forms; general remission, special remission, additional remission, and decade remission. Remission for drug-related inmates is announced during ceremony of Indonesia’s independence declaration in Sidaorjo’s main square. Drug-related inmates gain their remission for good conduct in a sense that they repent from their past wrong doings. Remission in Islamic penal law is called takhfîf al-uqûbah (punishment leniency).

Keywords: Remission, drug inmates, correctional facility.

Abstrak: Pemberian remisi bagi pelaku tindak pidana narkotika di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sidoarjo diberikan dengan beberapa syarat yang telah ditentukan oleh peraturan-peraturan yang ada. Remisi diberikan dengan beberapa jenis, yaitu remisi umum, remisi khusus, remisi tambahan dan juga remisi dasawarsa. Remisi diberikan kepada pelaku tindak pidana narkotika dengan cara mengumumkan pada saat upacara hari Kemerdekaan Negara Republik Indonesia di pendopo Sidoarjo. Remisi dalam hukum pidana Islam disebut juga dengan takhfîf al-uqûbah (keringanan hukuman), remisi diberikan kepada narapidana narkotika karena itu adalah hak bagi setiap narapidana yang telah memenuhi syarat pemberian remisi, dan dalam hal ini setiap narapidana yang telah berkelakuan baik atau dengan kata lain bila narapidana narkotika telah menyesal atau bertaubat, maka narapidana narkotika berhak mendapatkan sesuatu yang harus diterima sebagi hak warga binaan pemasyarakatan.

Kata Kunci: Remisi, Narapidana Narkotika, Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sidoarjo.
Jihad dalam Perspektif Muhammad Fethullah Gulen
Authors: Fithriyawan Husni Fithriyawan
Published: March 2018

Abstract: According to Fethullah Gulen, Jihad in a muslim spiritual life is a process to know closer one’s God. There are two kinds of jihad in his opinion; major jihad which is a jihad for oneself and minor jihad, which is directed toward others. Jihad toward oneself is considered a major jihad because it is directed to fight against one’s destructive ego as well as negative thought. Such things could deny a muslim to attain the ultimate perfection. By subduing oneself negative aspects, he or she will discover his/her true identity and finally discover and love his/her God.by doing so, he or she will get spiritual happiness. In contrast, minor jihad is an active fulfilment of a Muslim toward his or her religion. Major jihad influences dearly to minor jihad. Both jihads should work hand in hand. While major jihad has spiritual nature, minor jihad is physical. A good muslim will always perform jihad so that he or will have a balance of spiritual and physical life.

Key words: Jihad, Muhammad Fethullah Gulen.

Abstrak: Jihad dalam pandangan Fethullah Gulen merupakan sebuah proses dalam kehidupan seorang muslim agar lebih dekat dan mengenal Allah. Menurutnya, ada dua kategori jihad, yakni jihad besar yang merupakan jihad terhadap diri sendiri dan jihad kecil yang merupakan jihad terhadap orang lain. Jihad terhadap diri sendiri masuk dalam kategori jihad besar karena memerangi ego, emosi dan pikiran yang negatif dalam diri manusia sebagai upaya mengatasi hambatan antara diri sendiri dan jati dirinya, mengenali jiwa, dan akhirnya mengenali Tuhan, mencintai Tuhan, dan berbahagia secara spiritual. Sedangkan jihad kecil merupakan pemenuhan aktif seseorang terhadap perintah dan tugas dalam Islam, proses untuk membuat orang lain bisa mencapai jati dirinya didasarkan pada mengatasi hambatan antara manusia dan keimanan sehingga mereka dapat memilih secara bebas untuk beriman atau tidak beriman. Jihad yang pertama kali harus dilakukan adalah jihad besar, karena ia memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan bagi jihad kecil. Jihad dalam Islam yang menekankan pada harmonisasi antara jihad besar yang bersifat batiniah dan jihad kecil yang bersifat lahiriah, maka orang beriman yang selalu berjihad, baik jihad kecil maupun besar, akan memiliki keseimbangan fisik dan spiritual yang sangat bagus.

Kata Kunci: Jihad, jihad besar, jihad kecil, Muhammad Fethullah Gulen.
Analisis Fiqh Jinâyah terhadap Sanksi Pengemis di Muka Umum di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Mubarok Muhammad Subhan
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses the prohibition of public begging in Surabaya. According to article 504 of the Penal Code and Surabaya municipality by law no. 17/2009. In Surabaya, beggars who have been considered breaching the law operate in street intersections. This is considered breaching of public order. Thus, this is not a crime but a minor violation of the law. They are arrested for one day and brought to social department for briefings. The punishment is so lenient that it can be called as a pardon. In Islamic criminal law perspective, such a leniency is allowed as long as not erasing punishment altogether.

Keywords: Public begging, sanction, ta’zîr.

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang fikih jinâyah terhadap laragan mengemis di muka umum di kota Surabaya. Larangan engemis di muka umum diatur dalam Pasal 504 KUHP Junto Perda Tahun 2009 Juncto Perda No. 17 Tahun 2009 di Surabaya tentang pengemis di muka umum. Pengemis yang melanggar ketertiban umum adalah pengemis yang beroperasi dan mangkal di berbagai perempatan jalan, mereka akan dimasukkan ke dalam penjara untuk 1 hari saja dan setelah itu akan dikembalikan kembali ke dinas sosial untuk mendapatkan pembinaan. Dengan hukuman 1 hari tadi diharapkan dapat menjadikan efek jera kepada para pengemis sehingga di kemudian hari mereka tidak mengulangi kembali, kemudian melihat hukuman yang didapat dari pengemis yang mengemis di muka umum dengan melanggar ketertiban umum, maka hukuman tersebut masuk dalam katgegori pemaaf dikarenakan salah satu sebab hapusnya hukuman ta’zîr yakni para pengemis hanya mendapat hukuman selama 1 hari, tetapi tidak menghapuskan seluruhnya.

Kata Kunci: Sanksi pengemis, di muka umum, ta’zîr.
Pemberitaan Hoax perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Choiroh Lailatul Utiya
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses hoax from the perspective of Islamic criminal law.person who spreads hoax contravenes article 28 (1) of Law No/ 11/2008 on Information and Electronic Transaction. According toarticle 45 (1) of the same Law, the offender is punishable with imprisonment of 6 years and/or fine of maximum 1.000.000.000 rupiah. From Islamic perspective, lying is not allowed and Islam does not tolerate spreading lies or having suspicion towards others. Islam encourages good, objective and factual conversation. From islamc criminal law perspective, spreading hoax is clearly a lie. The suitable punishment for this is imprisonment until he or she repents fromhisor her wrong doing

Keywords: Hoax, Law of Information and Electronic Transaction, Islamic criminal law

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang tinjauan hukum pidana Islam terhadap pemberitaan hoax. Pelaku penyebaran berita hoax telah melanggar pasal 28 ayat 1 UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE, sanksi pidana bagi pelaku penyebar Hoax terdapat dalam pasal 45 ayat (1) yaitu hukuman pidana penjara paling lama enam tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak satu miliar rupiah. Dalam Islam, Islam tidak menghendaki umatnya melakukan perkataan dusta dan kebohongan. Islam tidak menganjurkan fitnah atau berburuk sangka kepada pihak lain. Islam menganjurkan umatnya untuk berbicara dengan pembicaraan yang baik, yang obyektif dan yang benar, bukan perkataan yang kotor dan jorok, bukan pembicaraan yang menghasut, memfitnah, menjelekkan pribadi seseorang, dan bukan pula pembicaraan yang menjurus kepada timbulnya dampak curiga-mencurigai. Dalam hukum pidana Islam, pelaku penyebaran berita hoax yang melanggar pasal 28 ayat 1 UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE merupakan tindakan dusta dan fitnah. Hukuman yang tepat bagi pelaku penyebaran berita hoax adalah hukuman ta’zîr yang berupa hukuman kurungan tidak terbatas, terhukum terus dikurung sampai ia bertaubat dan baik pribadinya atau sampai ia mati.

Kata Kunci: Pemberitaan hoax, Undang-Undang Infomasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, hukum pidana Islam.
Kebebasan Beragama di Indonesia perspektif Ratio Legis Hukum Riddah
Authors: Rofikoh Nur
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses about the freedom of religion in Indonesia according to riddah law ratio legis. In Indonesia, the guarantee of religious freedom is in the 29th article of 2nd paragraph in the 1945 Constitution that someone is free to choose and embrace a particular religion. Persons who convert from one religion to another shall not be punished, except those whose religion denounces, abuses or condemns oother religions which may be punished. The act is regulated in the article 156a of the Criminal Code concerning the prohibition of abuse or defamation of religion. Islam guarantees freedom of religion as the Qur'anic verse of al-Baqarah verse 256 that there is no compulsion to enter Islam. In a Islamic law, a person who comes out of Islam is called apostate and his blood is halal to be killed. The act is included in the category of riddah jarîmah which can be sentenced a hadd punishment, death penalty. Nevertheless, there are some opinions that in Islamic law not all people come out of Islam can be put to death, only those who emerge from their religion that cause rebellion, chaos on the earth that can be killed.

Keywords: Religious freedom, Indonesia, ratio legis, riddah.

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang kebebasan beragama di Indonesia menurut ratio legis hukum riddah. Di Indonesia, jaminan atas kebebasan beragama terdapat dalam pasal 29 ayat 2 UUD 1945. Warga yang melakukan pindah agama satu ke agama yang lain tidaklah dikenai hukuman, kecuali mereka yang dalam agamanya mencela, menghina atau menista agama lain yang dapat dijatuhi hukuman. Perbuatan tersebut diatur dalam pasal 156a KUHP tentang larangan melakukan penyalahgunaan atau penodaan terhadap agama. Islam menjamin kebebasan beragama sebagaimana nash al-Qur’an surah al-Baqarah ayat 256, bahwasanya tidak ada paksaan untuk memasuki agama Islam. Dalam hukum Islam, seseorang yang keluar dari agama Islam disebut murtad dan halal darahnya untuk dibunuh. Perbuatan tersebut masuk dalam kategori jarîmah riddah yang dapat dijatuhi hukuman hadd yakni hukuman mati. Meski demikian, ada beberapa pendapat bahwa dalam hukum Islam tidak semua orang keluar dari Islam dapat dihukum mati, hanya orang yang keluar dari agamanya yang menimbulkan pemberontakan, kekacauan di muka bumilah yang dapat dihukum mati.

Kata Kunci: Kebebasan beragama, Indonesia, ratio legis, riddah.
Litsea glutinosa (Lauraceae): Evaluation of its Foliar Phytochemical Constituents for Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: LAGUDU Mutyala Naidu , OWK Aniel Kumar
Published: March 2018

The phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Litsea glutinosa revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, volatile compounds, amino acids and carbohiydrates. The antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibition concentration values were determined for these phytochemical constituents as crude extracts using the agar well diffusion and two-fold serial dilution methods. The results indicated that Bacillus subtilis was the most susceptible bacterium with high inhibition zones for the methanol and chloroform extracts of 31 mm and 26 mm, respectively. The MIC values indicated that extracts possess good antimicrobial activity with significant MIC value against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus pneumoniae at 31.2 µg/ml concentrations. The extracts showed marked antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi. Among the bacterial strains, gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than the gram-negative. All the 13 microorganisms tested showed dose dependent susceptibility towards the phytochemicals present in the foliar extracts. The study suggests that Litsea glutinosa leaves possess potent antimicrobial activity and can be a good source for the development of new antibiotics.
Root Carbon Sequestration and Its Efficacy in Forestry and Agroforestry Systems: A Case of Populus euramericana I-214 Cultivated in Mediterranean condition
Authors: JHA Kaushalendra Kumar
Published: March 2018

Poplar is one of the most popular species of forestry and agroforestry land-use worldwide. It is currently assuming a growing importance for timber, bioenergy production and Carbon sequestration. Soil Carbon accumulation is associated with root litter, whereas available studies are disproportionate on root system in this species. Therefore, the study aimed at finding how much root Carbon, a hybrid poplar species (Populus euramericana I-214) sequestered in Forest System (FRS) and Agroforest System (AFS) by using soil excavation and root coring methods. A suitable conversion factor was used to get sequestered Carbon estimated from biomass. Carbon was distributed in maximum length, breadth and depth through different root components of both the systems, AFS occupied more rooting volume. Total belowground sequestered Carbon was higher in AFS (59.2 kg tree-1) than FRS (54.7 kg tree-1). The pattern was similar in other components like fine roots, medium roots, coarse roots and stump roots. However, on hectare basis, FRS accumulated (11.1 Mg ha-1) more Carbon than AFS (8.2 Mg ha-1). Although FRS stored higher belowground Carbon (without grain production), AFS was more efficient on account of Carbon land equivalent ratio. Thus the two available management systems have their own advantages in terms of Carbon storage and grain production.
Effects of Fertilizer Application and Successive Harvesting on Clipping Yield, Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Authors: FUNG Vella Ah Chon , GOBILIK Januarius , DAVID Devina
Published: March 2018

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of fertilizer application and successive harvesting on phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of Cynodon dactylon, a medicinal Bermuda grass in Sabah (Malaysia). Three fertilizers of two nitrogen concentrations were used in the experiment. The grass was harvested successively three times at five-weeks interval. Grass treated with 25 kg N/ha/month from the first harvest was found to have the highest clipping yield. Successive harvesting decreased the dry matter production of the grass irrespective of N concentration applied. Total saponin and alkaloid contents of the grass were increased by a combination treatment of fertilizer type ´ rate ´ harvesting; total flavonoid content was increased by fertilizer type ´ harvesting treatments; however, total phenolic content was not affected by any of the treatment or combination of the treatments. Both of the antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) indicated that antioxidant activity of the grass was increased by fertilizer rate ´ harvesting treatments. There was a significant correlation found between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities, suggesting that these two secondary metabolites may contribute to the antioxidant property of the grass. Overall, the obtained data indicated that the described treatments could be used to manipulate the production and accumulation of bioactive compounds of C. dactylon.
Influence of Poultry Manure Rates and Spacing on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Concentration , Uptake and Proximate Composition of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: FALODUN Ehizogie Joyce , EGHAREVBA Racheal
Published: March 2018

Plant spacing determines to a greater extent crop performance in terms of growth and yield. The production of crop with organic fertilizer also plays a vital role in organic agriculture. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of spacing and poultry manure on the growth, yield and quality of onion. Three spacing regimes were carried out consisting of (15cm x 15 cm , 20 cm x 20 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm) and four levels of poultry manure at ( 0, 5, 10 and 15 t /ha ). The effects of spacing and poultry manure were evaluated for 2 years based on plant growth, yield, nutrient concentration, uptake and proximate composition of onion plant. Leaf thickness, bulb and shoot fresh weights were significantly increased by the wider spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm, compared with the narrower spacing of 15cm x 15 cm in both seasons. However, highest total dry yield (1.82 and 1.58) t /ha, shoot yield (2.31 and 1.32) t /ha and total fresh yield (13.69 and 12.55) t/ha were obtained with the spacing of 20cm x 20 cm in both years. Similarly, application of poultry manure increased leaf thickness, bulb and shoot fresh weights and yields compared with the control. Generally, using 10 t/ha poultry manure has a superior effect on proximate composition and most of growth parameters and yield components achieved the highest nutrient concentrations and uptake on most of the macro and micronutrients in leaves and bulbs as compared with the control in both years.
Floral Maturation Indices of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst Ex. A. Rich) Harms (Fabaceae)
Authors: ADEWALE Daniel B. , AMAZUE Esther U.
Published: March 2018

The present investigation aimed at understanding the floral morphology and maturation indices of African yam bean (AYB), knowledge of which is very relevant for the crop’s improvement programs. Ten accessions of AYB were grown in rows of ten plants, in three replications. Thirty anthesized flowers were collected from each accession for the study of the floral parts. The progressive development of flowers from buds was additionally investigated. AYB flower is large and complete. The calyx was fused and the corolla has five petals (one standard, two wings and two keels). AYB accessions exhibited racemes and indeterminate form of inflorescence. The mean standard petal length and width were 2.94 cm and 3.59 cm respectively. The androecium which surrounded the carpel consists of ten filaments (nine fused, one free). The gynoecium comprised flattened stigma with hairy edge. The mean length of style and ovary was 1.60 cm and 1.00 cm respectively. A distinct purple line (along the enclosing end of the standard petals) became visible at flower bud stage, when bud length reached 2.2 cm - 2.7 cm. Anthesis occurred within 24 hours beyond this stage and petals dropped a day after anthesis. Certification of stigmatic receptivity and pollen fertility may be dependent on the above information. The present study further provides basis for the understanding of pollination mechanism and breeding system within the species.
Operational Determination: Math in buildings and math statements about them
Authors: Sinding-Larsen Staale
Published: March 2018

For the question of relations between architecture, or more generally, design, and math, there seems to be two schools. As a great light on Roman buildings told me, Borromini’s architecture has nothing to do with math. On the other hand, for some of us, it is hard to see how you can bypass the issue; especially if you look at the field as something more than just numerical calculation. One might, as Giordano Bruno did, argue in terms of interrelated magnitudes (SL, Patterns and Programs, 1.4) without codifying anything in numerical or any other formal math format. The main point in the present discussion is that, while architecture and design taken as whole is at least physically attestable, math does not appear always as numbers and on paper or on the machine, but may be an active configuration in the murky depths usually referred to as our mind, without being necessarily explicitly recorded.
Editorial Anomalies and Stage Practice: A Midsummer Night’s Dream
3.2-4.1
Authors: Cooper Helen
Published: March 2018

No abstract.