bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Realization of Monitoring System for Multiway pH Value
Authors: Sun Rong Xia , Huang Pan Pan , Ran Ning , Kang Jian , Chen Xiao Feng , Tian Yi
Published: November 2011

Multi-PH value system detecting system is maked with AT89C52 MCU as the control center. Detecting uses pH-BTA sensor, signals are amplificated through CA3140, ADC0808 realizes A/D conversion, 74LS148 controls 8 signals acquisition, 1602 LCD displays PH value, remote data monitoring in PC is realized through serial port. Adopt VB to monitoring interface in PC. Physical production and debugging is accomplished based on the simulation in proteus, 8 pH values of real-time and cycle monitoring system is realized ultimately. Actual test data shows that the error of measuring pH value and theoretical pH value is between ± 0.1 relatively.
Application of Genetic Algorithm Based on Real Number Encoding to Optimization Design for Rolling Schedule of Tandem Cold Rolling
Authors: Zhao Xin Qiu
Published: November 2011

Rolling schedule is the core contents of rolling process. A reasonable rolling schedule can make rolling process to obtain optimum state. There are more mathematic models and the constraint conditions to be considered in the rolling schedule, therefore, the optimization becomes a complex problem. In this paper, genetic algorithms based on real number encoding are used to optimize rolling schedule aiming at equating the relative load and optimum plate shape though instance. The optimum result shows that the method is satisfactory and promising.
Compound Speed Control of Ultrasonic Motor Using Two Variables
Authors: Wang Hai Yan , Shi Jing Zhuo , Gao Ke
Published: November 2011

In order to obtain more stable speed response, this paper designs a compound speed controller for travelling wave ultrasonic motor. The controller uses two variables, frequency and voltage amplitude, as the controlled variables. Among them, the frequency controller finishes the correction of larger speed error, and the voltage amplitude controller is used to accomplish the fine-tuning of speed error. The problems such as the jumping phenomenon in speed response, and saturation of voltage amplitude, are solved by this control strategy. Experiments show that, the control strategy is effective, and the speed control response is good.
Preparation and Application on High-Efficiency Catalyst for Catalytic Wet Oxidation
Authors: Li Gui Ju , Zhang Xi , Zhu Li Xiang
Published: November 2011

The Catalytic Wet Oxidation (CWO) method was investigated to treat phenol cleaning wastewater from chemical container which is difficult dispose with traditional biological methods. In this paper, high-efficiency catalysts were prepared, two methods were used to prepare the catalyst: impregnating, sol-gel. Effects of metal salts concentration, calcination temperature and calcination time on each catalysts performance were explored and optimal catalyst preparation condition was optimized. The results show that the optimum sol-gel condition: Cu / Mn / Ce ratio of 2:2:2, the calcination temperature is 700 °C, calcination time is 5h.; the optimum impregnating condition: Cu / Mn / Ce ratio of 2:2:2, impregnated carrier (AC) of 0.9g/L mixture, the calcination temperature is 300 °C, calcination time is 4h; the sol-gel catalyst has longer service life, the samples prepared by impregnating technique were more active than the samples prepared by sol-gel technique at given reaction conditions.
Design of a Portable Solar Photovoltaic-Driven Refrigerator
Authors: Zang Yu Fang , Zhang Hua , Xu Shi Lin , Wang Zi Long , Zhang Tian Hui
Published: November 2011

According to the characteristic of solar photovoltaic, this paper designed an electric supply mode, combined with the solar photovoltaic system, the storage battery and the public power supply, to drive a portable refrigerator which could use outdoor. The refrigerator is installed two individual refrigeration systems with two special arranged evaporators and wind route for storing beverages under the sunlight. Besides, the refrigerator electricity supply has three ways including utilizing solar energy with sun shining, taking advantage of the storage battery in night time and making use of the public power while the sunlight is unavailable. Various tests are carried out to examine the performance of the system. The voltages and currents which are generated by the solar cell and monitored on refrigerator have been studied. In addition, an analysis in power consumption of the system is realized. The results indicated that the refrigerator could run normally and indeed satisfy the request in beverage cooling and storage.
Removal of Trivalent Chromium ION in Wastewater by Zeolite 4a
Authors: Jin Lan Shu , Chu Xue Feng , Lin Guo Lin , Ying Bo
Published: November 2011

Under the static condition, researching zeolite 4A to the chromium ion's adsorption characteristic, discussing the influence of different adsorption factors. The results indicated that: When the wastewater temperature was 30°C, at pH 3-4,adsorbed 30min,dosing 3g/L of zeolite 4A adsorption chromic wastewater(100mg/L), the chromium ion elimination rate may reached above 99%. At the same time, the zeolite 4A conforms to Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherm to the chromium ion's adsorption, the correlation coefficient respectively was 0.9997 and 0.9753, obtained the zeolite 4A to the chromium ion saturated adsorptive capacity was 50.25mg/L.Obviously, zeolite 4A as a new inorganic ions exchange material for the treatment of chromic wastewater, has the broad prospects for development.
The Technique of NOx Emission Control in 1000 MW Thermal Power Unit Boilers
Authors: Wang Zhu Liang , Wang Lei , Yin De Shi , Zhang Ting Fa
Published: November 2011

The Low NOx Combustion equipment and flue gas denitrification system were largely used in 1000 MW thermal power unit boilers. The efficiency of the second is higher than the first one. The application of those techniques in the practical projects was compared, which afford us reference for development and broader application of techniques.
Research on the Hybrid Active Power Filter
Authors: Fang Wang , Cui Xiao Dan , Wang Jing
Published: November 2011

Passive power filter (PF) has problems that source impedance may strongly affect the filtering characteristics and cause system resonance in power system applications. Hybrid active power filter (HAPF) can improve the performance of passive filter and realize harmonics restraint and reactive power compensation in big power situation. In this paper, the principle of HAPF is analyzed, the model of HAPF is established, and the simulation results are discussed.
Heat Sink Matching for Thermoelectric Generator
Authors: Zhou Ze Guang , Zhu Dong Sheng , Huang Yin Sheng , Wang Chan
Published: November 2011

Heat sink does affect on the performance of thermoelectirc generator according to the studies of many authors. In this paper, an analytical model inculding the number of thermocouples and the thermal resistance of heat sink is derived. The match between the thermoelectric module and heat sink is discussed by numerical calculation also. The results show that the thermal resistance of thermoelectric module should be designed to match that of heat sink in order to get the highest output power for a given heat sink. But for a given thermoelectric module, the output power increases with the decrease of heat sink thermal resistance, and there is a suitable heat sink due to the limit of the temperature difference between the heat source and coolant.
Experimental Study on the Start Process for Compressed Natural Gas Engine
Authors: Zheng Yi , Yang Shi Xi , Zheng Yi , Zhang Hong Guang
Published: November 2011

In this paper electronic control unit (ECU) used in vehicle-used compressed natural gas engine is developed independently. A series of start experiments are done with refitted JL465Q5 engine. Experimental monitoring system is developed as an interface connecting staff and single chip. Speed acquisition system is developed to record start process accurately in real time. The test results indicate that, more concentrated mixture is necessary when start speed is lower. Higher engine coolant temperature is conductive to cold start for natural gas engine. Multiple ignition control and ignition energy improvement is conductive to start successfully for natural gas engine. The results showed that electronic control unit (ECU) and speed acquisition system developed independently is practical and feasible.
Study on Propylene Recovery in a Dispersed Absorption System-(Water-in-Oil) Emulsion System
Authors: Liu Hong Jing , Zhang Ying , Yao Hui , Zhao Wei
Published: November 2011

The purpose of the paper is to investigate propylene recovery by a new absorption system, namely water-in-oil emulsion absorbent. Water in oil emulsion, in which kerosene used as oil phase with dispersed water droplet, is prepared to be as absorbent to absorb propylene. The effect of volume fraction dispersed phase, dispersed droplet size, and the stirring rate on propylene absorption rate are researched. Experimental results indicate that the absorption rate of propylene can increase 20% compared with traditional absorption method. The volume fraction dispersed phase should be appropriate, otherwise the enhancement absorption can not be attained. The appropriate number is 0.05 for this dispersion. The smaller droplet size of dispersed phase as well as the faster stirring rate can increase the propylene absorption rate. The mechanism of enhancement propylene absorption is attributed to the intensive turbulence in boundary layer between gas and liquid due to the movement of dispersed water droplets.
Design of a High Performance IMP Motor for Machine Tool Applications
Authors: Hwang Chang Chou , Chang Chia Ming , Tang Ping Huey
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a 3-phase, 7 kW, 3900 rpm, 4-pole, 12-slot interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor for machine tool applications. To reduce the torque pulsations of the initial designed motor, three small circular holes are drilled in the magnetic island, and the Taguchi parameter method coupled with the finite element method (FEM) analysis is employed to minimize the level of cogging torque, torque ripple and magnet volume of the motor. Results from the optimized motor demonstrate that the motor is favorable regarding cogging torque minimization, torque ripple minimization and magnet volume minimization
The Research of China Solar Water Heater Industry
Authors: Guo Xiong Fei , Liu Yi Jun
Published: November 2011

Low-carbon plays an important role in world’s developments. More and more countries adopt clean energy to reach their emission reduction objectives. This article analyses China’s national photo-thermal application—based on present situation of solar water heater industry’s development in China, using growth model in curve estimation to predict national annual production and possessing capacity. It also compares China’s and other countries’ policies in supporting solar water heater industry, and puts forward advises about improving China’s national solar water heater industry’s policies.
Experimental Study on Degradable Organic Wastes by Catalytic Hydrothermal Degradation
Authors: Guo Shu Qing , Dong Xiang Yuan
Published: November 2011

Hydrothermal degradation (HTD) experiments of lawn-grass by the catalytic action of low acid were carried out in the pilot digestor. The effect of the low acid on treated lawn-grass products was investigated in different treatment severities. A severity parameter which combines time and temperature was introduced for comparing results among experiments. The results show that, with the severity increasing, the weight of the solid products, the hemicellulose and cellulose content remarkably decrease; the conversion rate of the organic matter increases; the HTD products by low acid catalysis reach stable in the low severities. At the same time, the soluble sugars and the acetic acid content increase until the treatment severity is over 4.05, however, and furfural content always increases in the liquid products.
Simulation Study of Harmonics and Reactive Power in Three-Phase Full-Bridge Controlled Rectifier Circuit with Resistance-Inductance Load
Authors: Wang Yu Fei , Yang Chang Hui , Xue Hua , Yang Xiu
Published: November 2011

In order to evaluate the harm and impact of power electronic devices on the grid and provide numerical basis for specific design of the corresponding compensated devices, the harmonics and reactive power of three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier circuit with resistance-inductance load are studied in this paper. Firstly, the harmonics and power factor of the ac side current are analyzed theoretically; the harmonics contents and power factor are calculated. Secondly, the model of three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier circuit is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the simulation analysis of the ac side power factor and harmonics is achieved, the simulated values are similar to the theoretical values. The results show that the complex calculations of harmonics and power factor can be completed simply and intuitively using simulation study, the simulation study is efficient and accurate.
Research on the Flow Character of Regenerative Heating Furnace Affected by the Switching Model
Authors: Zheng Kun Can , Wen Zhi , Liu Xun Liang , Wu Wen Fei , Huang Xia Lan , Wang Yan Feng
Published: November 2011

On the basis of wholly analyzing the mechanism of the heat transfer in the 1880 regenerative furnace, the physical and mathematical 3-D model was set up to describe the heat transfer and combustion in the furnace, and the CFD software was used to simulate the whole combusting process in detail. From this, the law of the flow affected by four classical switching modes was studied in emphasis. The conclusions in the study were helpful to the reasonably design and optimization controlling of such furnaces.
Heuristic Model for Dynamic Single Machine Group Scheduling in Laser Cutting Job Shop to Minimize the Makespan
Authors: Ying Nyeoh Cheng , Mokhtar Mohzani Bin
Published: November 2011

In today’s highly competitive market, laser cutting which has a characteristic of “make to order” and high product variety is under pressure to reduce costs, to increase productivity and to respond to the rapidly changing demands from customers. To maintain the competitive advantage, companies need to have a real-time dynamic scheduling system, which can handle large combinations of jobs, allowing sequencing of jobs to achieve multi-objective goals. Motivated by a real-life scheduling problem in a sheet metal processing company in Malaysia, this research addressed single machine scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times and group technology assumption to minimize makespan and with the secondary objective of minimizing setup times. The focus of this paper is on developing a simple heuristic algorithm based dynamic scheduling system. This algorithm has been coded in vb.net and is integrated with a database system. The scheduling system developed is verified and validated by comparing to the actual production run. Results show that the algorithm model can find good solutions within short computational time.
Functional Testing of Direct Metal Laser Sintered (DMLS) Components for Automotive Application
Authors: Naiju C.D. , Adithan M. , Radhakrishnan Pezhinkattil , Sravan Y. Upendra
Published: November 2011

This work presents the results of a study to determine the wear behavior of components manufactured by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). Wear is an important issue in using layer manufactured parts for functional application. Two different bushes were selected for the functional testing for wear behavior studies. Specimens (bushes) were manufactured by DMLS technology and was tested for wear behavior and compared with bushes manufactured by conventional manufacturing methods. Components were manufactured by using the process parameters like sintering speed, hatch spacing, post contouring speed, hatch type and infiltration with an optimized value. Testing was carried out for bushes, used for an automobile engine starter motor. A comparative study for the wear behavior was carried out and results are discussed.
An Investigation on the Effect of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Welding Parameters of Stainless Steel 1.4418
Authors: Moradi M. , Ghoreishi M. , Torkamany M.J. , Sabbaghzadeh J. , Hamedi M.J.
Published: November 2011

In the present study, a low average power pulsed Nd:YAG laser is used for bead-on-plate welding of low carbon steel plate. The effect of laser process parameters on the weld quality and weld bead profile, welding penetration (P), welding surface width (W) and welding pool area (A), is studied. Focal point position, welding speed, pulse duration, and energy are selected as the process variables. The formation of a keyhole and weld bead profile is found to be highly dependent on laser pulse parameters. Results show that the maximum penetration accurse when the focal point is above the surface, in pulse duration of 6 ms, welding speed of 2 mm/s and pulse energy of 16.67 J.
Evolution of Direct Selective Laser Sintering of Metals
Authors: Cardaropoli Francesco , Caiazzo Fabrizia , Sergi Vincenzo
Published: November 2011

Direct Metal Selective Laser Sintering (DMSLS) is a layer-by-layer additive process for metal powders, which allows quick production of complex geometry parts. The aim of this study is to analyse the improvement of DMSLS with “EOSINT M270”, the new laser sintering machine developed by EOS. Tests were made on sintered parts of Direct Metal 20 (DM20), a bronze based powder with a mean grain dimension of 20 μm. Different properties and accuracy were evaluated for samples manufactured with three different exposure strategies. Besides mechanical properties, the manufacturing process was also examined in order to evaluate its characteristics. The quality of laser sintered parts is too affected by operator experience and skill. Furthermore, critical phases are not automatic and this causes an extension of time required for the production. Due to these limitations, DMSLS can be used for Rapid Manufacturing, but it is especially suitable to few sample series.
Investigation on Porosity Content in 2024 Aluminum Alloy Welding by Yb:YAG Disk Laser
Authors: Alfieri V. , Cardaropoli F. , Caiazzo F. , Sergi V.
Published: November 2011

Aluminum alloy 2024 is extensively used in automotive and aerospace industries, but its application is limited due to the susceptibility to generate porosity during the welding process. Nevertheless, benefits from laser welding are clearly demonstrated. In addition, the use of a disk laser allows to obtain significant reduction in focus diameter and increased beam quality compared to traditional rod or slab lasers. The aim of the work is to discuss porosity formation as influenced by the thermal input provided, so bead-on-plate specimens in different conditions have been prepared. Porosity content is examined in relation to the fused zone extent and discussed considering interaction between laser and material. Higher thermal inputs are beneficial in full penetrative welds.
Study on Influencing Factors of High-Temperature Rapid Molding Product on the Rehabilitation of Mold Cavity
Authors: Sun Ling , Liu Dong Lei
Published: November 2011

Impact of product on the replication performance of mold cavity was tested and studied in the high-temperature rapid molding process based on high-fitness mold for in-vehicle Bluetooth module compartment cover. The results indicated that the main difference between high-temperature rapid molding and common molding is that when the mold temperature rises to around the plastic heat distortion temperature, the product’s reproduction rate of the mold cavity surface is improved significantly. In the area lower or higher than the plastic heat distortion temperature, the changes on mold temperature hardly influence the reproduction rate of product and the impacts of other parameters are similar to those of common molding; the impacts of major molding parameters on the product mass from large to small are “packing pressure- dwell time- injection time- mold temperature- injection pressure- melt temperature”.
Integrated Multi-Robotic Assembly Planning for Improved Productivity
Authors: Choudhury B.B. , Biswal Bibhuti Bhusan
Published: November 2011

In product assembly, optimized sequence is a prerequisite for automated systems. The assembly process can be optimized through appropriate selection and allocation of the given tasks in a multi-device framework. These two discrete tasks need to be integrated to produce the optimum result and a cost effective system to cope with the needs of the system, the present work attempts to generate an automatic assembly sequence and seeks for optimal allocation of tasks amongst the available robots. Further, an effective task allocation approach considers the capabilities of the deployable robots. This paper presents an integrated approach for assembly sequence generation and task allocation for multi-robot systems by considering their capability in terms of time and space. An example of a 21 part drive assembly is given to illustrate the concept and procedure of the proposed methodology.
The Electromagnetic Analysis of the Magnetic Bearing Using the Finite Element Method
Authors: Jiang Wei Xu , Hou Li , Du Chen Rui , Tang Yan
Published: November 2011

The electro-magnetic field distribution and the effect of clearance ratio (CA) on magnetic flux leakage and the axial electro-magnetic force were analyzed and calculated by ANSYS. Through this method, we got the optimal value of clearance ratio, designed the axial magnetic bearing, and provided the theories and methods for the magnetic bearing’s analyzing and designing, which makes its designing faster and more conveniently.
Feasibility for the Application of the Temperature Difference Computing Method Based on the Simplified Solution of the Radial Temperature for a Boiler Steam Drum Wall to a Supercharged Boiler
Authors: Zheng Xin Wei , Wang Zhi Yu , Chen Zi Gang , Sun Yu , Han Bing , Wen Xue You
Published: November 2011

The radial temperature difference calculation of a steam drum wall is an important step in the process of calculating the low-cycle fatigue lifetime of a steam drum. So the German Standard TRD301 recommended a temperature difference computing method based on the simplified solution for the radial temperature of a steam drum wall. In order to validate the feasibility for the application of this computing method to solving the same problem of a supercharged boiler, on the basis of the reasonable simplifications to the unstable heat conduction problem across a steam drum wall, its heat-conduction equations and definite conditions were determined, then the analytical solution for the radial temperature of a steam drum wall, together with its approximate and simplified solutions, is derived. The running example of one super-charged boiler was calculated and analyzed by use of the radial temperature difference computing methods based on the approximate and simplified solutions respectively. The com-puted results show that the German Standard computing method of TRD301 has great limitations in the same problem calculation of a supercharged boiler, and it can’t apply to the researches on the same problem and its relevant problems of a supercharged boiler as a universal computing method.
Study on Reliability of Structure with Energy Dissipation Dampers
Authors: Bai Zhi Qiang , Liu Wen Feng , Luan Huan Qiang
Published: November 2011

In this paper, Kanai-Tajimi spectrum as earthquake random excitation is applied. A Structure with Viscoelastic Dampers is analyzed by random method and reliability of energy dissipation is presented. The effect of energy dissipation of viscoelastic dampers added to building is studied under four working situations. The result of calculation indicates that the reliability of energy dissipation will be higher if more dampers are installed. Supposing that the quantity of dampers is fixed, the reliability of energy dissipation will be decrescent if energy dissipation degree is larger. If the reliability of energy dissipation is fixed, the dampers parameter is the determinant factor.
Application of AHP on the System of Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitration with Pyrolusite Slurry
Authors: Wang Chao Long , Sun Wei Yi , Luo Le , Su Shi Jun
Published: November 2011

Method of using high-sulfur coal and Low-grade pyrolusite to produce manganese is a new process. This article takes advantages of AHP and proposes a new way to research this system. This paper also builds a model of this system in order to compare with the traditional one. It could make readers understand its advantages easily. Meanwhile, this paper use three-scale method to determine the proportion. It could reduce the factor of human speculation in the whole process. So it lays a good foundation to make a reasonable decision. Use AHP to determine the three-scale weight of each index and analysis the pact of this system in respect of social-economic, resource and environment. Finally, it is confirmed that the new technology is superior to the traditional process of producing electrolytic manganese.
Absorption of Sulphur Dioxide from Flue Gas with Sodium Alkali Solution in Packed Columns
Authors: Wang Wei Zhi , Yang Chun Guang , Zhang Jin Rui
Published: November 2011

The objective of this work was to study the sodium alkali(Na2S03) FGD process in a pilot-scale column packed column of diameter 0.4m. Main operating conditions affecting SO2 removal efficiency were investigated experimentally. These conditions include pH value of the absorption solution, liquid-gas ratio, superficial gas velocity, inlet SO2 concentration, temperature of absorption solution and initial Na2SO3 molar concentration. The relation between the ratio of desulfurization and every parameter was investigated. And the suitable operational conditions of SO2 absorption in lab are recommended. The experimental results show that SO2 removal efficiency may be over 80% under the following conditions: pH=6-7,L/G=1-2L/m3, gas superficial velocity is 1-1.5m/s, absorption solution temperature is under 50°C,initial [Na2SO3]≈0.3-0.5mol/L,and SO2 initial concentration is 4300 mg/m3. The experimental data can provide the necessary basic data for the design and operation of the practical desulfurization equipments.
Design of the Liquid-Cooling System for High Power LED Modules Using Taguchi Analysis
Authors: Hung San Shan , Chang Hsing Cheng , Liang Chan Ming
Published: November 2011

To optimize thermal dissipation efficiency for cooling high power LED modules is studied and analyzed using ANSYS CFX software and Taguchi method. In liquid-cooling system, four control factors are tested and compared in order to find the best cooling arrangement that are pump flow rate, fan power, cooling liquid type and k- value of thermal compound. The experimental results show that the importance of these cooling parameters applied to high power LED module are k-value of thermal compound, fan power, liquid type and pump flow rate in sequence. For a constant heating power of 90W from an LED lighting module, an optimal thermal resistance of 0.563K/W is obtained that shows a significant improved result then the conventional LED module’s. It has high potential in future high power LED applications.
Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Using Condensing Heat as the Regeneration Source. Part I: System Model
Authors: Han Xing , Zhang Xu
Published: November 2011

In this paper, a scheme of hybrid desiccant dehumidification system was proposed. This system can recovery the condensing heat from the vapor compression refrigeration unit to remove moisture from the air. But the trick of energy saving is the sensible heat exchanger after the desiccant rotary wheel. After analysis of its energy consumption characteristic, the system model was established.
Simulation of EM Scattering from 3-D Target by MOM with Pulse Basis Function
Authors: Miao Yuan Ben , Guo Li Xin , Wang An Qi
Published: November 2011

In this paper, electromagnetic (EM) scattering from a 3-D PEC target is simulated. The method of moments (MOM) with the pulse basis function and the point matching technique is presented to solve the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE). The flat triangular patch is applied to subdivide the surface of the 3-D target, and the surface unknowns are the arbitrary orthogonal unit vector of the triangular patch. Validity of this algorithm is shown by comparing the E plane and H plane radar cross section (RCS) from a sphere or a cylinder to those results of MOM with the RWG vector basis function. It is necessary to note that computational time of the algorithm presented in this paper is less than the MOM with the RWG(Rao Wilton Glisson) basis function.
Parameters Identification of Induction Motor for Electric Vehicle Based on Least Squares Method
Authors: Zhang Jin Liang , Zhang Cun Shan
Published: November 2011

This paper deals with on-line parameter identification of induction motors (IM) by means of least square techniques .Using stator voltages, stator currents and velocity as input-output data. For analytical identification by recursive least square (RLS) algorithms, filtering of experimental data is performed by means of anticausal filters. The simulation results show that error of the parameter estimation of the rotor resistance, self inductance of the rotor winding, as well as the stator leakage inductance are less than 5% .It demonstrate the practical use of the identification method.
Research and Implementation of Intelligent Control of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Electric Bicycle
Authors: Zhou Yu Wei , Dai Sheng Hua
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a new intelligent control method which can lower the energy consumption and the pollution risk of electric bicycles. Lowering the energy consumption depends on improving the efficiency of energy transformation, and lowering the pollution risk depends on prolonging the service life of battery. Firstly, we organizes the acceleration model, then quantitative analysis are given to show the relationship between transient current and acceleration time, and the method of lowering the transient current during acceleration is given. Secondly, we determine the speed of motor when it is working at peak efficiency, at which speed the PID control algorithm is used to make the electric bicycles working. This method has been carried out on ARM processor.
The Influence of Arrangement of Gas-Fired Radiant Heaters on Energy Saving in Subway Coach Garages
Authors: Wang Xia , Zhang Huan , Zou Ya Ping
Published: November 2011

A new installation style of gas-fired infrared radiant heating system for Tianjin subway NO.1LiuYuan garage was proposed in this paper. Meanwhile simulation of the temperature field was made with CFD software, the result fits temperature requirement. Based on that, energy consumption analysis was made by Energy-Plus for garage with such system; it has proven that the new form consumes less energy than the existing form.
The Optimization of Operation Characteristics for Finned Heat Pipe Radiator in Concentrating Photovoltaic System
Authors: Wang Zi Long , Zhang Hua , Zhang Hai Tao
Published: November 2011

Aiming at the problem of the concentrating solar cell efficiency restricted by the temperature. The closed two-phase thermosyphon could be used for heat dissipation in concentrat- ing solar cell with high heat flux, then water was selected as the working fluid. Numerical computation methods were adopted to study heat transfer performance of the finned heat pipe radiator in free convection. The temperature field, velocity field, total heat dissipating capacity of different fin pitch and side length as well as free convection heat transfer coefficient under the condition of constant temperature of parent tube were obtained. As a result, the fin side length had greater impact on the natural convection heat transfer coefficient and average total heat flux per unit area; the fin pitch had greater impact on the finned heat pipe radiator total heat dissipating capacity per unit length; the finned heat pipe radiator was the best when fin pitch was 3mm and fin side length was 90mm.
Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Dehumidifier Using LiCl Solution as the Liquid Desiccant
Authors: Niu Run Ping
Published: November 2011

The performance of air dehumidifier using LiCl solution as the Liquid desiccant was studied with numerical methods. A mathematical model describing heat and mass transfer performance of air dehumidifierwas set up. The numerical solution of differential equations were derived. Taking the heat and mass transfer coefficients obtained by experiments as the input parameters of the model，the parameter distribution of air and solution was described. The simulation results corresponds very well to experimental data. Simulation results indicated that the mathematical model could be used to predict the performance of air dehumidifier. The results showed that the mathematical model can be of great value in the design and improvement of air dehumidifier.
Performance-Based Seismic Design Approach for High Speed Railway Bridge
Authors: Chen Xing Chong , Xia Xiu Shen , Xing Li Li
Published: November 2011

Performance objectives and contents of resistance verification for high speed railway bridge are embodied and quantified based on the theory of performance-based seismic design. The resistance verification is proposed, which can control the damage under design earthquake and ensure safety of the pier under low-level earthquake. The simplified capacity spectra method for calculating displacement ductility factor is proposed by using strength reduction factor. The method for evaluating damage of RC bridge pier in high-level earthquake is presented by using maximum displacement and hysteretic energy. The proposed approach and procedures for performance-based seismic design are easily to implement. The performance-based seismic design procedure is demonstrated by using an example.
Model Test Research on the Pile Stress by Pseudo-Static Test of Pier-Foundation-Structure System
Authors: Ding Ming Bo , Chen Xing Chong
Published: November 2011

This paper mostly studied on the pile stress in the loess foundation when the pile and the soil are interacting by pseudo-static test of piers and piles in the remolded loess foundation indoor. We get the stress-depth curve of pile body. We get its finite element model by ANASYS and analyze the change of pile body stress.
Analyze on the Treatment Schemes and Effects of Dynamical Pressure Roadway in Coal Mine
Authors: Yan Li Xin , Jin Ai Bing
Published: November 2011

By analyzing the stability factors and deformation characteristics of wall rock of dynamical pressure roadway in coal mine, the basic support form of dynamical pressure roadway was summarized. Combined with the geological conditions and the roadway damaged condition of two tape head chamber in ChengZhuang colliery No.2 area, the reinforcement approach was put forward, which adopting the composite grouting of cement and unsaturated polyester chemical pulp, then strengthened by prestressed grouting anchor. Comparing the supporting effect of prestressed grouted anchor with not grouted, it was obviously found that the effect is great improved. The strong deformation of dynamic pressure roadway can be solved effectively in this way.In recent years, with the development of mining technology and high-gas coal mining, the roadway layout that can meet the requirements of production and ventilation is increasingly complicated. The area of roadway increases as equipment have been expanding. The pressure has been apparently increasing because the thickness of mining and the height of caving face increase. The difficulty level of roadway support is also added since the surrounding rock condition become more and more complex [1-3].
Numerical Simulation on Process of Flow and Heat Transfer in Upright Magnesium Reducing Furnace
Authors: Feng Jun Xiao , Cheng Qi Bo , Yu Si Jing
Published: November 2011

Based on the analysis of structural characteristic superiority, the process of combustion, flue gas flow and heat transfer in the upright magnesium reducing furnace, the three dimensional mathematical model is devoloped. And numerical simulation is performed further with the commercial software FLUENT. Finally, the flow and temperature field in furnace and temperature field in reducing pot have been obtained. The results indicate that the upright magnesium reducing furnace has perfect flue gas flow field and temperature field to meet the challenge of the magnesium reducing process; the major factors that affect the magnesium reducing reaction are the low thermal conductivity of slag and the high chemical reaction heat absorption.
The Hysteretic Behavior of Fiber Beam Element Model of Reinforced Concrete for Dynamic Explicit Analysis
Authors: Du Xian He , Shen Xin Pu , Jin Sheng Ji
Published: November 2011

Aim of this paper is to present a numerical method for modeling of the so-called “equivalent box section fiber beam concrete element”. By comparing hysteresis curves of specimen of the concrete structure plotted with rebar beam with those plotted with the equivalent box section beam under a set of loading cases, the following conclusions are obtained: 1) The modeling technology of equivalent box section beam can overcome the difficulty which the rebar in beam can only be used in static calculation, and the fiber beam element can be applied to dynamic explicit analysis; 2) By comparing hysteresis curves which are plotted by the rebar beam with those obtained with model of equivalent box section beam, it is found that results are in good agreement for a specific typical loading case; 3) By comparing hysteresis curves of the equivalent box section beam with experimental data under given loading case, numerical results indicate that numerical results obtained with proposed modeling technology can fit the experiment phenomena very well.
Modal Analysis of the Milling Machine Structure through FEM and Experimental Test
Authors: Pedrammehr S. , Farrokhi Hamid , Rajab A. Khani Sheykh , Pakzad S. , Mahboubkhah M. , Ettefagh M.M. , Sadeghi M.H.
Published: November 2011

Machine tool vibrations have great impact on machining process. In this paper the dynamic behavior and modal parameters of milling machine is presented. For this purpose, the CAD model of the milling machine structure is provided in CATIA and then Natural frequencies and mode shapes of the machine tool structure are carried out through FEM modal analysis under ANSYS Workbench. The model is evaluated and corrected with experimental results by modal testing on FP4M milling machine. Finally, the natural frequencies and mode shapes obtained by both experimental and FEM modal analysis are compared. The results of two methods are in widely agreement.
Analysis of Finite Element and Finite Volume and Investigation of Effectual Parameters in Direct Extrusion
Authors: Maarefdoust Mahdi
Published: November 2011

Extrusion is one of the youngest processes in metal forming. In this proceeding the influence of the form and the angle of the die in the process of direct warm extrusion of aluminum is studied. Utilizing FEM and different forms of the curves of the die form, we have analyzed the various angles with the use of FVM; the improved angle and form of the die have been extracted from the findings. Having been modeled in the domain of Pro/Engineer, the dies are analyzed with the use of SuperForge2004 and Ansys6.1 softwares. To prove the correctness of the modeling and the analysis, we have compared our findings with available conclusions. So, with these methods we can model real industrial processes with minimum simplification and take effective steps in designing processes and reducing difficulties in manufacturing and improving the products.
Misfits between Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII) System and Manufacturing Environment: A Misfit-Inviability Model
Authors: Tan Shiang Yen , Rosnah Idrus , Wong Wai Peng
Published: November 2011

Misfit between Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII) system and the manufacturing environment of adopting organization are well known in contributing to the failure of the system implementation and jeopardizing the system performance. Hence, it is vital to have a better understanding of the system-context misfit problem. Nevertheless, limited studies have empirically examined the relationship between the misfit and the system outcome, especially at the dimensional level of the variables. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a Misfit-Inviability Model (MIM) to conceptualize of relationships between MRPII misfit, extent of organizational readiness, and MRPII system outcome, at the dimensional level of each variable and grounded on strong theoretical foundations. The MIM is an enhancement of existing Fit-Viability Model (FVM). In terms of implication, the new model manages to represent the system adoption as a dynamic process over time, by incorporating implementation contingencies. Additionally, the framework serves as a general model that can be adapted to assess the relationship between outcome of various information systems and the misfits. Future research may include more testing and validation of the dimensions and constructs used in the model.
Impact of Different Dose and Angle in HALO Structure for 45nm NMOS Device
Authors: Salehuddin F. , Ahmad I. , Hamid F. A. , Zaharim A.
Published: November 2011

In this paper, we investigates the different dose and tilt HALO implant step in order to characterize the 45nm NMOS device. Besides HALO, the other two process parameters are oxide growth temperature and source/drain (S/D) implant dose. The settings of process parameters were determined by using Taguchi experimental design method. This work was done using TCAD simulator, consisting of a process simulator, ATHENA and device simulator, ATLAS. These two simulators were combined with Taguchi method to aid in design and optimizer the process parameters. Threshold voltage (VTH) results were used as the evaluation variable. The results were then subjected to the Taguchi method to determine the optimal process parameters and to produce predicted values. In this research, oxide growth temperature was the major factor affecting the threshold voltage (69%), whereas halo implant tilt was the second ranking factor (20%). The percent effect on Signal-to-Noice (S/N) ratio of halo implant dose and S/D implant dose are 6% and 5% respectively. As conclusions, oxide growth temperature and halo implant tilt were identified as the process parameters that have strongest effect on the response characteristics. While S/D implant dose was identified as an adjustment factor to get threshold voltage for NMOS device closer to the nominal value (0.150V) at tox= 1.1nm.
Design of Pythagorean Hodograph Curve Interpolator Based on NiosII Embedded Processor and FPGA
Authors: Guo Jing Jie , Tang Wei
Published: November 2011

In this paper, a novel architecture of Pythagorean Hodograph (PH) curve interpolator based on Nios Ⅱ embedded processor and FPGA is proposed. The whole interpolator including NiosⅡ processor is built in a single FPGA chip. The interpolator uses a two-stage interpolation scheme to reduce the computational burden of PH curve interpolator. The Nios Ⅱ embedded processor implements 1st-stage interpolation, the FPGA receives the command from the Nios Ⅱ processor and implements 2nd-stage interpolation simultaneously. Therefore, the interpolator can implement the real-time PH curve interpolation algorithm steadily to meet the needs of high-speed and high-precision machining.
Vacuum Ball-Collector
Authors: Ding Jiang Min
Published: November 2011

A lot of ping-pong balls may fall on ground round the ping-pong table, whenever people take part in the ping-pong sport,. In order to collect them conveniently, this paper puts forward a new method that applies aerodynamic principles. By vacuum, ping-pong balls are collected into the collecting box. The special vacuum ball-collector is designed and made. The results show that ball-collector is better than current other ping-pong ball-collectors at time and work. It has broad application worth.
Design on Novel Photoelectric Sensor for Refractive Index Measurement
Authors: Li Yin Lin , Huang Zhong Hua , Hu Kai Bo
Published: November 2011

A novel photoelectric sensor based on differential method and position sensitive detector for refractive index (RI) measurement is proposed. In the paper, we systematically proposed an electro-optical measurement principle, built a mathematical model, and designed the structure of sensing probe; through detail calculation, key parameters of the refractometer are determined, simulation results showed that resolution reaches order of 10-6, preliminary experiment also verified the feasibility of the design.
Multivariable Distrubance Observer Based Analytical Non-Interacting Control of Mineral Grinding Circuits
Authors: Zhou Ping , Gao Yu Zhi , Chai Tian You
Published: November 2011

Mineral grinding circuit (GC) is essentially multivariable system characterized with strong couplings, large time-varying parameters and multiple time delays. The product particle size and the circulating load are two important production indexes that directly related to the operation performances of subsequent beneficiation process. However, they are usually difficult to be controlled effectively with conventional control strategies due to the above mentioned complex characteristics. Especially the various process disturbances have a great influence on the control performances of the closed-loop system. In this paper, a multivariable disturbance observer (MDOB) based analytical non-interacting control (ANC) scheme is proposed to control the complex GC with model mismatches and strong external disturbances. Control studies have been performed by simulation tests for setpoint tracking, disturbance rejection and robustness problems.
Simulation of Ultrashort Pulse Shaping Filter Based on Multilayer Volume Holographic Gratings
Authors: Guo Li Ping , Yan Ai Min , Fu Sheng Gui , Liu Xiao Juan
Published: November 2011

Shaping and filtering of ultrashort pulsed beam at 1.06um by using multilayer volume holographic gratings (MVHGs) is analyzed. The modified multilayer coupled wave theory used to analyze the Bragg diffraction of a system of MVHG is derived. The spectral intensity distributions of the diffracted beam are calculated. The diffraction bandwidth, diffraction pulse duration and the total diffraction efficiency of the filter are also analyzed. Control of the optical pulse shape is accomplished by adjusting the width of the intermediate layer of an optical filter of MVHGs. This pulse shaping technique will be useful in the optical communication and optical computing systems.
Embedded Data Acquisition System Based on LPC2290 and AD7715
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Hao , Peng Dao Gang , Wang Jia Wei
Published: November 2011

This paper uses ARM7 processor LPC2290, embedded data acquisition chip AD7715 and real-time operating system μC/OS-II as a basis to design an ARM-based embedded data acquisition system. This system achieves RS-232/RS-485 communication, Ethernet communication, keyboard and LCD display embedded control applications. It has a small size hardware, low power consumption, plenty functions and highly extended features. The reliability of embedded real-time operating system μC/OS-II has been certified. It makes the system more stable, and makes maintenance and upgrade program more convenient.
Numerical Simulation of Hammer Forging Process for Inconel 718
Authors: Yan Hong , Huang Zhi Min
Published: November 2011

The computer simulations during hammer forging process for Inconel 718 were conducted, and the temperature, strain and stress evolution were obtained and analyzed. Rebound takes place right after the ram goes up and this may have a significant effect on the temperature distribution and the reduction of friction. The simulated results can be helpful to predict further microstructure of forged product and the service life of the die.