bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Fumonisin B and Hydrolyzed Fumonisin B on Growth and Intestinal Microbiota in Broilers
Authors: Yu Song , Jia Bingxuan , Lin Huikang , Zhang Shuo , Yu Dianzhen , Liu Na , Wu Aibo
Published: February 2022

Fumonisins are mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides and proliferatum, which causes a variety of toxicities in humans and animals, including fumonisin Bs (FBs) as the main form. After they are metabolized by plants or microorganisms, modified fumonisins are difficult to detect by conventional methods, which result in an underestimation of their contamination level. Fumonisins widely contaminate maize and maize products, especially in broiler feed. As an economically important food, broilers are often adversely affected by mycotoxins, leading to food safety hazards and high economic losses. However, there are few studies regarding the adverse effects of FBs on broiler growth and health, especially modified FBs. Our data shows that after exposure to FBs or hydrolyzed fumonisin Bs (HFBs), the body weight and tissue weight of broilers decreased significantly, especially the testes. Moreover, they significantly affect the intestinal microbiota and the relative abundance of bacteria from phylum-to-species levels, with the differentially affected bacteria mainly belonging to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Our findings suggest that both the parent and hydrolyzed FBs could induce growth retardation, tissue damage and the imbalance of intestinal microbiota in broilers. This indicated that the harmful effects of HFBs cannot be ignored during food safety risk assessment.
Progress in Immunoassays of Toxic Alkaloids in Plant-Derived Medicines: A Review
Authors: Ren Zhenhui , Zhang Huixia , Wang Zile , Chen Xin , Yang Liu , Jiang Haiyang
Published: February 2022

Plants are the cradle of the traditional medicine system, assuaging human or animal diseases, and promoting health for thousands of years. However, many plant-derived medicines contain toxic alkaloids of varying degrees of toxicity that pose a direct or indirect threat to human and animal health through accidental ingestion, misuse of plant materials, or through the food chain. Thus, rapid, easy, and sensitive methods are needed to effectively screen these toxic alkaloids to guarantee the safety of plant-derived medicines. Antibodies, due to their inherent specificity and high affinity, have been used as a variety of analytical tools and techniques. This review describes the antigen synthesis and antibody preparation of the common toxic alkaloids in plant-derived medicines and discusses the advances of antibody-based immunoassays in the screening and detection of toxic alkaloids in plants or other related matrices. Finally, the limitations and prospects of immunoassays for toxic alkaloids are discussed.
Analyses of Long-Term Epidemic Trends and Evolution Characteristics of Haplotype Subtypes Reveal the Dynamic Selection on SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Xi Binbin , Meng Yuhuan , Jiang Dawei , Bai Yunmeng , Chen Zixi , Qu Yimo , Li Shuhua , Wei Jinfen , Huang Lizhen , Du Hongli
Published: February 2022

The scale of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death is so enormous that further study of the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 will help us better understand and respond to SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. The present study analyzed the epidemic and evolutionary characteristics of haplotype subtypes or regions based on 1.8 million high-quality SARS-CoV-2 genomic data. The estimated ratio of the rates of non-synonymous to synonymous changes (Ka/Ks) in North America and the United States were always more than 1.0, while the Ka/Ks in other continents and countries showed a sharp decline, then a slow increase to 1.0, and a dramatic increase over time. H1 (B.1) with the highest substitution rate has become the most dominant haplotype subtype since March 2020 and has evolved into multiple haplotype subtypes with smaller substitution rates. Many evolutionary characteristics of early SARS-CoV-2, such as H3 being the only early haplotype subtype that existed for the shortest time, the global prevalence of H1 and H1-5 (B.1.1) within a month after being detected, and many high divergent genome sequences early in February 2020, indicate the missing of early SARS-CoV-2 genomic data. SARS-CoV-2 experienced dynamic selection from December 2019 to August 2021 and has been under strong positive selection since May 2021. Its transmissibility and the ability of immune escape may be greatly enhanced over time. This will bring greater challenges to the control of the pandemic.
COVID-19 Vaccine: Between Myth and Truth
Authors: Piccaluga Pier Paolo , Di Guardo Antonio , Lagni Anna , Lotti Virginia , Diani Erica , Navari Mohsen , Gibellini Davide
Published: February 2022

Since December 2019, a pandemic caused by the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 spread across the entire globe, causing 364,191,494 confirmed cases of COVID-19 to date. SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus, a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus with four structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). The S protein plays a crucial role both in cell binding and in the induction of a strong immune response during COVID-19 infection. The clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 and its spread led to the urgent need for vaccine development to prevent viral transmission and to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Multiple platforms have been involved in the rapid development of vaccine candidates, with the S protein representing a major target because it can stimulate the immune system, yielding neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), blocking viral entry into host cells, and evoking T-cell immune responses. To date, 178 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates have been challenged in clinical trials, of which 33 were approved by various national regulatory agencies. In this review, we discuss the FDA- and/or EMA-authorized vaccines that are mostly based on mRNA or viral vector platforms. Furthermore, we debunk false myths about the COVID-19 vaccine as well as discuss the impact of viral variants and the possible future developments.
Efficacy and Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ghazy Ramy Mohamed , Ashmawy Rasha , Hamdy Noha Alaa , Elhadi Yasir Ahmed Mohammed , Reyad Omar Ahmed , Elmalawany Dina , Almaghraby Abdallah , Shaaban Ramy , Taha Sarah Hamed N.
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has threatened global health and prompted the need for mass vaccination. We aimed to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines to prevent mortality and reduce the risk of developing severe disease after the 1st and 2nd doses. From conception to 28 June 2021, we searched PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, WHO-ICTRP, and Google Scholar. We included both observational and randomized controlled trials. The pooled vaccine efficacy and effectiveness following vaccination, as well as their 95 percent confidence intervals (CI), were estimated using the random-effects model. In total, 22 of the 21,567 screened articles were eligible for quantitative analysis. Mortality 7 and 14 days after full vaccination decreased significantly among the vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group (OR = 0.10, ([95% CI, 0.04–0.27], I2 = 54%) and (OR = 0.46, [95% CI, 0.35–0.61], I2 = 0%), respectively. The probability of having severe disease one or two weeks after 2nd dose decreased significantly (OR = 0.29 [95% CI, 0.19–0.46], I2 = 25%) and (OR = 0.08 [95% CI, 0.03–0.25], I2 = 74%), respectively. The incidence of infection any time after the 1st and 2nd doses diminished significantly (OR = 0.14 [95% CI, 0.07–0.4], I2 = 100%) and (OR = 0.179 [95% CI, 0.15–0.19], I2 = 98%), respectively. Also, incidence of infection one week after 2nd dose decreased significantly, (OR = 0.04, [95% CI (0.01–0.2], I2 = 100%). After meta-regression, the type of vaccine and country were the main predictors of outcome [non-mRNA type, ß = 2.99, p = 0.0001; country UK, ß = −0.75, p = 0.038; country USA, ß = 0.8, p = 0.02]. This study showed that most vaccines have comparable effectiveness, and it is purported that mass vaccination may help to end this pandemic.
Optimal Tactics of Infertility Treatment in Women with Ovarian Endometriomas
Authors: Жуковская С.В.мл , Жуковская С.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены результаты исследования, проведенного на базе МЧУП «Центр репродуктивной медицины» (Минск, Беларусь), включившего в себя 179 женщин с эндометриоз-ассоциированным бесплодием, которые обратились для проведения экстракорпорального оплодотворения в 2016–2019 гг. Сформировано 2 исследуемые группы: группа 1 – 88 женщин с эндометриоидными кистами яичников (II стадия эндометриоза), которым процедура ЭКО проводилась без предшествующего хирургического лечения; группа 2 – 91 женщина после хирургического лечения по поводу эндометриоидных кист в анамнезе, обратившаяся для проведения ЭКО. Установлено, что хирургическое лечение эндометриоидных кист яичников перед проведением ЭКО ассоциировано со статистически достоверным снижением овариального резерва (концентрация АМГ до хирургического вмешательства – 3,5 [3,4; 5,3] нг/мл, после – 1,6 [0,7; 3,4] нг/мл; U=1323,0; р<0,001), возрастанием суммарной дозы гонадотропинов (2325 [1612,5; 2400] МЕ, против 1275 [1106,3; 1731,3] МЕ; U=1563,5, p<0,001) идлительности гормональной стимуляции (9,89±1,02 дня в сравнении с 8,77±1,11 дня; U=1506,5, p<0,001); снижением количества зрелых фолликулов на момент трансвагинальной пункции, количества полученных ооцитов, эмбрионов и бластоцист; снижением вероятности наступления беременности: 34% против 52,3% (χ2=6,05; p=0,014). Таким образом, при эндометриоз-ассоциированном бесплодии и наличии эндометриоидных кист яичников, соответствующих II стадии овариального эндометриоза, целесообразно не откладывать программы экстракорпорального оплодотворения и не проводить предварительное хирургическое лечение, так как это может оказывать выраженное негативное влияние на овариальный резерв и значительно снижать вероятность успешного применения программ ЭКО.

This article presents the results of the research performed in “Center of Reproductive Medicine” (Minsk, Belarus), which included 179 women with endometriosis-associated infertility that underwent in vitro fertilization in 2016-2019. Two groups were formed: Group 1 (n=88) – women with endometriomas corresponding to Stage II ovarian endometriosis without prior surgical treatment; Group 2 (n=91) – women after surgical treatment for ovarian endometriosis. We established that surgical treatment of endometriomas prior to IVF is associated with statistically significant ovarian reserve decrease (AMH before surgery – 3,5 [3,4; 5,3] ng/ml, after – 1,6 [0,7; 3,4] ng/ml; U=1323,0;р<0,001); increase in total gonadotropin dose (2325 [1612,5; 2400] IU versus 1275 [1106,3; 1731,3] IU; U=1563,5, p<0,001); increased ovarian stimulation duration (9,89±1,02 versus 8,77±1,11 days; U=1506,5, p<0,001); decreased number of follicles, obtained mature oocytes, embryos and blastocysts; decreased pregnancy rate – 34% versus 52,3% (χ2=6,05; p=0,014). Therefore, it is safe to assume that infertile women with Stage II ovarian endometriosis should be recommended not to postpone IVF procedures for prior surgical treatment in order to maximize IVF efficacy.
Treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome with the Help of Semi-Automatic Analgesic Device "PPA-01"
Authors: Лихачев С.А. , Миронов С.А. , Мурзо Е.А.
Published: February 2022

Миофасциальный болевой синдром является одной из самых частых причин обращений пациентов к неврологу. Причинами его возникновения могут быть многие факторы, начиная от механической травмы или перенапряжения мышц и фасций, заканчивая эмоционально-психическим перенапряжением. Основными методами лечения являются медикаментозная терапия и физиотерапия, которые в большинстве случаев малоэффективны. Если рассматривать альтернативные методы лечения, то зачастую врач первичного звена не владеет дополнительными навыками работы с данным болевым синдромом, достаточными для его быстрого разрешения, что ведет к затягиванию временной нетрудоспособности и хронизации болевого синдрома. Учитывая это, в статье описаны новый метод лечения миофасциального болевого синдрома с применением полуавтоматического противоболевого аппарата – 01 и клинический пример, подтверждающий его эффективность. Данный метод позволит расширить арсенал врача первичного звена в борьбе с миофасциальным болевым синдромом, что позволит существенно сократить сроки временной нетрудоспособности и возврата пациента к его обычной социально-бытовой активности.

Myofascial pain syndrome is one of the most common reasons for patients to consult a neurologist. Many factors can cause it, ranging from mechanical injury or overexertion of muscles and fascia to emotional and mental stress. The main methods of treatment are drug therapy and physical therapy, which in most cases is not very effective. If we consider alternative methods of treatment, then often the primary care physician does not possess additional skills for dealing with this pain syndrome sufficient for its rapid resolution, which leads to prolongation of temporary disability andchronicity of the pain syndrome. Taking this into account, the article describes a new method of treatment of myofascial pain syndrome with the use of a semi-automatic analgesic device – 01 and a clinical example confirming its effectiveness. This method will expand the arsenal of the primary care physician in the fight against myofascial pain syndrome, which will significantly reduce the period of temporary disability and the patient’s return to their normal social activity.
Alzheimer´s Disease: how the Situation in Belarus has Changed over the Past Decade
Authors: Евсегнеев Р.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье обсуждается положение дел в области распространенности, полноты выявляемости, а также ситуации с лечением деменции при болезни Альцгеймера в Республике Беларусь. Проанализированы изменения, происходящие в этой области в течение последнего десятилетия – за 2010–2019 годы. Показано, что ситуация хотя и изменяется к лучшему, но и сегодня еще далека от желаемой. Обсуждаются возможные причины низкой выявляемости этой патологии, сохраняющегося перекоса в сторону диагностики сосудистой деменции и явно недостаточного удельного веса пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера, получающих своевременное лечение.

The present situation in the area of prevalence, completeness of recognition, examination, and the situation with pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer´s disease in Belarus, as well as some alterations during the recent decade (2010–2019), are discussed in the article. Possible causes of the poor recognition, traditional and still remaining distortion towards diagnostics of vascular dementia, and still insufficient proportion of patients who start pharmacological treatment at the early stage of the disease are also discussed.
Application Of Dempster Shafer Method To Diagnose Disease In Sugarcane Plant
Authors: Simanjuntak Dewi Novika , Riandari Fristi
Published: February 2022

Sugarcane is a very important and agrarian plantation product in Indonesia, because sugar cane is a producer of sugar. However, in its cultivation, several problems often occur, such as diseases in sugarcane plants where when sugarcane plants are attacked by disease and are not handled, farmers will experience crop failure. Based on this, a tool is needed in the form of an expert system to diagnose diseases in sugarcane plants. The method used in this study is the Dempster Shafer method which processes data by providing evidence based on the belief funcation and plausible value of each symptom. This study treats 4 types of disease with 13 symptoms. The results showed that the dempster shafer method can be used as a tool in diagnosing sugarcane plant diseases so that it is expected to help farmers in handling diseases that attack sugarcane plants quickly and precisely and can increase profits from sugarcane harvests for farmers.
Aprendizaje significativo desde la praxis educativa constructivista
Authors: Miranda-Núñez Yanedis Ruth
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación tuvo el propósito generar principios teóricos para una praxis educativa constructivista como generadora del aprendizaje significativo de las matemáticas en los estudiantes de Educación Básica Primaria. La metodología, enmarcada en el paradigma interpretativo y con enfoque cualitativo, se realizó mediante la aplicación del método fenomenológico. Los informantes clave fueron siete docentes del área de matemáticas de 5º grado y catorce de sus estudiantes. Para recabar la información se utilizó la técnica de la entrevista en profundidad con base en un guion de preguntas. Las entrevistas se transcribieron, codificaron, categorizaron y triangularon para dar respuesta al propósito de investigación. Como resultado se obtuvo una conceptualización de los, principios teóricos para una praxis educativa constructivista generadora de aprendizaje significativo en el área de las matemáticas. Se considera que la reflexión del docente es el punto de partida para avanzar hacia una praxis educativa eficaz constructivista enseñanza de las matemáticas.
Políticas públicas en educación y derechos humanos
Authors: Monar-Matamoros Nurys Meyling , Monar-Matamoros William Jesús , García-Bautista Sebastián Segundo , Calderón-Proaño Roger Steven
Published: February 2022

Políticas públicas en educación y derechos humanos
Didactic proposal using technology for learning of Special Products in High School
Authors: Valencia-Simons Miriam Guadalupe , Cuevas-Salazar Omar , Peralta-García Julia Xochilt , Encinas-Pablos Francisco Javier
Published: February 2022

Learning Special Products represents for high school students a tool that facilitates problem solving throughout their education, which makes it a fundamental topic in elementary education. The general aim for this study was to determine the impact of a didactic proposal using technology to improve the understanding of Special Product in first semester high school students, to improve the failure rate. A total of 30 students participated in the study, of which 18 were from the control group and 12 students from the experimental group. To collect information, three instruments were used: a diagnostic evaluation, the didactic sequence, and a final evaluation. The design for this research was quantitative and quasi-experimental. The results showed that the didactic proposal helped in the understanding of the Special Products, thus achieving that the students could carry out the conversion of the graphic representation to the algebraic and from the algebraic to the verbal. In addition, an improvement was obtained with respect to decreasing the failure rate of the mathematical object.
Device and method to control turn time in board games
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Daniel , Velasco-Castillo Miguel Ángel , Gil-Velasco Alfredo
Published: February 2022

This invention refers to a time controller for up to six users for board games. The device uses a microcontroller and bluetooth module by means of which the number of players and the time of the turns can be configured. This controller indicates by audible and visual signals the current turn, the last seconds and the turn change. The method for counting the turn time guarantees to perform actions by interruptions, generated by the different buttons of the device, using a single microcontroller and with sequential programming.
Technical drawing
Authors: Jiménez-Rabiela Homero , Vázquez-González Benjamín , Ramírez-Cruz José Luis , Bravo-Acosta Adrian Gustavo
Published: February 2022

The objective of this work is to propose the use of didactic material, to facilitate the teaching and learning of orthogonal projections in the international system. Virtual files of the projection planes are created: front, left side and bottom; as well as those corresponding to three versions of the same geometric entity: point, line, area and solid. The frontal plane is fixed, and the left side and bottom are restricted with respect to it allowing its rotation to coplanar all three. In the assembly of the projection planes, versions 1, 2 and 3 of the same geometric entity are inserted; each one respectively including its frontal, right lateral and superior projections; such versions are restricted with respect to the frontal, left side and bottom plane. The restrictions between the projection planes and between them and the versions of the same geometric entity allow the animation of the assembly, showing the solution of the problem that involves representing a three-dimensional object on a sheet. The augmented, virtual, animated, and timed reality environment; according to the learning needs of students and teaching of teachers; constitutes the main contribution of this work.
ECOLOGICAL NICHE MODELING OF GALINSOGA RUIZ ET PAV. SPECIES IN THE NATIVE AND CAUCASIAN PART OF THE INVASIVE RANGES
Authors: Pshegusov R. H. , Chadaeva V. A.
Published: February 2022

Adaptations of and developed in the tropical climate of the Mexican mountain region determine largely the predicted distribution of the species in the Caucasus. The complex factor of humidity is the main factor determining the potential distribution of and in the Caucasus (82 and 48% of the contribution in the Maxent models). Temperature and orographic ENVIREM predictors also play a significant role in the distribution of . The predicted range center of is located in the humid climate of the Black Sea coast, - in the relatively moisture foothill and mid-mountain regions of the Western Caucasus. The lowest probability of finding both species is predicted in the lowland (steppe) regions and in the arid climate of the Eastern Caucasus. The invasive potential of and in the Caucasus is similar: a high degree of overlapping (Schoener's D = 0.76) and the same width (Levins' B - 0.91 and 0.92) of ecological niches, their visual overlapping in the orthogonal space of the analyzed ecological factors. Differences in the potential spatial distribution of the species in the Caucasus are due to their biological characteristics (greater or lesser sensitivity to water regime and orographic factors).
FIRST FIND OF DREISSENA POLYMORPHA (PALLAS, 1771) (MOLLUSCA, BIVALVIA) IN SIBERIA
Authors: Babushkin E. S. , Vinarski M. V. , Gerasimova A. A. , Ivanov S. N. , Sharapova T. A.
Published: February 2022

In August - October 2021, mollusks of one of the most active and widely spread alien species on a global scale, (Pallas, 1771), were found for the first time in the Pyshma River on the territory of the West Siberian Plain. The first find in Siberia was made in a watercourse with a natural thermal regime and contained individuals of different size and age groups, which could be an indirect evidence of successful naturalization of the species.
FEATURES OF THE BIOLOGY OF THE POLYCHETE FICOPOMATUS ENIGMATICUS (FAUVEL, 1923) FROM MASS SETTLEMENTS IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF THE KERCH STRAIT (BLACK SEA)
Authors: Kopiy V. G. , Zaitseva O. V. , Petrov S. A.
Published: February 2022

In September 2019, the polychaeta (Fauvel, 1923), formerly known as Fauvel, 1923, was found in mass colonial settlements in the coastal waters of the Kerch Strait near the Arshintsevskaya Spit. Some workers believe that the original natural distribution of this polychaeta was in brackish water bodies of India. This species is currently known to be widely distributed along the coasts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and of the North, Mediterranean, and Caspian Seas. Only a few isolated individuals of have been found so far along the Crimean coast of the Black Sea, in the coastal zone of Sebastopol and along the Karadag shores. The colonies described in this study do not constitute reef structures yet but have already reached high population numbers. The colony have a diameter of 46 cm and comprise 1774 individuals. The settlements of are true populations represented by individuals of different sizes ranging in length from 2 to 39 mm. The populations include both males and females: males comprise 56% and females 44% of the population. The fecundity of the worms expressed as the number of mature eggs per female depends on the body size and ranges from 5800 eggs for the body size of 12 mm to 24820 eggs for the body size of 29 mm. The present study described the morphology of using scanning electron microscopy and identified numerous sensory structures on the surface of the body, gills and the pygidium for the first time. Judging from the presence of a mass settlement of the polychaeta in the coastal waters of the Kerch Strait, it can be presumed that this species has become completely naturalized in the Black Sea. Since this species is eurybiontic, it can be assumed that it will invade the Sea of Azov and adjacent estuaries, river deltas and coastal lakes successfully, which will have an inevitable effect on the life of the local species and the ecosystems in general.
Effect on Compressive Strength of Interlocking Tiles Upon Replacing Cement and Aggregate by Bagasse Ash, Lime and Demolished Concrete
Authors:   M.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Lucknow Institute of Technology, Lucknow (U.P), India., Yadav Dharmendra Kumar , Dubey Devi Charan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Lucknow Institute of Technology, Lucknow (U.P), India.
Published: February 2022

This research paper describe the effect on compressive strength of interlocking titles, in which cementcis a bindingcmaterial, a substance used incconstruction that sets andchardens and can bind othercmaterials together. It iscwidely used in constructioncwith great advantages but cementcwith its wide range ofcproperties has severalcdisadvantages as well. Manufacturing ofccement causes illceffect on environmentcat all stages ofcprocess. These include emissionscof airborne pollutioncin many forms suchcas dust, gas, noisecand vibration. Usuallycmanufacturing of cementccauses emission of greenhousecgas carbon dioxide to 5% inccement structures toc8% in case of roadscin cement. Cement manufacturing releasescCO2 in atmosphere bothcdirectly and indirectly. Directlycwhen Calcium Carbonatecis heated, producing limecand carbon dioxidecand also indirectly through emissioncof energy. The cementcindustry produces up toc5% of global manmade CO2cemission. The productioncof Portland cementcis not only costlycand energy intensive, butcit also produces largecamounts of carbon emissions. Thecproduction of one ton ofcPortland cement producescapproximately one toncof CO2 in the atmosphere. The productivecuse of waste material representsca means of alleviating somecof the problems of solidcash, lime and demolished concrete.
IMPLEMENTASI E-COMMERCE PENJUALAN JASA CETAKAN PADA GRAHA PRINTING SOLUTION
Authors: Wisnubroto Agung , Sartana Brury Trya , Roeswidiah Ririt
Published: February 2022

Graha Printing Solution adalah jasa percetakan yang dapat mencetak barang cetakan. Kesulitan yang dialami perusahaan adalah sulit mendapatkan calon pelanggan baru karena berada dilokasi yang kurang strategis yang menyebabkan sedikitnya penjualan serta banyak calon pelanggan yang belum mengetahui jenis bahan produk apa yang disediakan dan dapat memproduksi produk apa saja. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya informasi kepada pelanggan sehingga menimbulkan kergauan untuk mengunjungi toko dan melakukan transaksi. Penelitian menggunakan metode business model canvas untuk menganalisa model pengembangan bisnis yang ada dan implementaasi E- Commerce berbasis content management system sebagai solusi untuk permasalahan yang ada dan memberi kemudahan kepada pelanggan untuk mendapatkan informasi. Dengan implementasi sistem E-Commerce ini meningkatkan daya jual dan pelayanan kepada pelanggan semakin baik serta menyelesaikan masalah yang ada.
EFFECT OF SOWING METHODS ON THE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF WHEAT UNDER TWO SEED RATES AT SULAIMANI REGION
Authors: Khurshid F. F.
Published: February 2022

This experiment was implemented in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences fields in Bakrajo-Sulaymaniyah in two consecutive cropping seasons, 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Two seeding rates were applied with three seeding methods, seed drill, conventional scattering pattern by centrifugal seeds spreader, and an un familiar pattern in the region, which is the overlapping pattern of grain spreading lines by the distributor. the coefficient of variance (% CV) for seeds had the best value in comparison to overlap spreading, which in turn was better than conventional scattering was 1.1, 8.2 and 47.2 for seed rate of 200 kg ha-1 and 1.7, 7.6, and 44.8 for seed rate of 160 kg ha-1 respectively. The seeding rate 200 kg ha-1 was significantly recorded higher averages for most of the studied traits. The sowing patterns had significantly superior to the overlapped grain spreading lines when it recorded 106.23 cm plant high, 341.47 spikes m-2, 43.1 grains spike-1, 38.7 g thousand grains weight, 3623.74 kg ha-1, 11379.03 kg ha-1 and 0.32 harvest index. The overlapped spreading mode also significantly superior to the conventional mode of prose.
CORROBORATION OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY FINDINGS WITH CELL BLOCK STUDY OF MALIGNANT LUNG LESIONS USING IMMUNOSTAINS (TTF1, NAPSIN A, P40 AND CHROMOGRANIN A).
Authors: Debnath Maharshi , Pukhrambam Gayatri Devi , Deepak Singh Laishram , Khuraijam Sushma , Sarangthem Babina
Published: February 2022

Background: Malignancy of the lung has been rising steadily worldwide and exact sub typing has
become a necessity for targeted therapy. FNAC alone has its limitations in sub categorization of lung
malignancy because of lack of architecture. Cell block preparation from FNAC material with immunohistochemistry panel
would supplement the FNAC nding. Objectives: To determine the utility of cell block study using immunostains (TTF 1, Napsin
A, p40 and Chromogranin A) in corroborating the ndings of FNAC in the study of malignant lung lesions. Materials and
methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was done on the FNAC sample from lung masses followed by cell block study
and immunohistochemical staining for (CHROMOGRANIN A, NAPSIN A, p40, TTF1). Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS
statistics version 21 Software. Results: A total of 32 (54.2%) cases were found malignant and 27 (47.3%) cases were found
benign. A total 59 cell block were prepared from 32 cases positive for malignancy (PFM) and 27 cases negative for
malignancy(NFM). After cell block and immunohistochemical studies, 2 benign lesion were recategorized as malignant and 3
malignant cases recategorized as benign lesion. There was a substantial agreement found between FNAC diagnosis and IHC
diagnosis as in both cases the kappa value (฀ coefcient) were found to be 0.747 (between 0.61 - 0.80). Conclusion: The cell
block from the aspirated material revealed further architectural and immunohistochemical features which not only conrmed
the FNAC diagnosis but helped to recategorize 2 benign and 3 malignant lesion.
ASSESSMENT OF SEXUAL FUNCTION IN SPINAL CORD INJURED PERSONS
Authors: Vasudevan T. K. , Selvan P. , P Joy Tojo
Published: February 2022

Sexual activity and satisfaction has been reported to decrease among persons with SCI compared with
controls. Persons with SCI report concerns about satisfying their sexual partner, feel sexually
unattractive, and experience sufcient personal satisfaction, with concerns about their partners' needs. The persistence of
concerns about partner and personal sexual satisfaction after SCI is, by itself, a compelling call to the rehabilitation community
to nd and make more readily accessible, effective interventions to improve sexuality after SCI.
Here we consider the impact of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) on sexual functions. 42 SCI patients (39males and 3 Females),
attending a tertiary care hospital were included in the study after ethical committee approval. Detailed medical history was
taken, physical examination done and necessary lab investigation obtained. They were evaluated for their sexual attitudes
and functions, from their responses to a questionnaire given to them.
In the study population all consider sexuality is important in life, 93.23% persons are interested in sexual life. 69% of patients
point out that there is decrease in desire after injury and 78.57% say current sexual life is bad compared to pre injury which is
consistent with other researches and that explains the need for sexual education and interventions in SCI. The present study
suggests that there is strong need for the treatment of the medical complications of SCI, sexual counseling, literature,
information and peer support in our country. A positive attitude of the treating doctor makes the patient to disclose their
problems; an open discussion about their concerns and doubts makes them positive towards sexuality.
Patients with SCI yearn to continue with sexual functions despite physical disability. Physical and psychosocial issues are not
isolated and require healthcare professionals from other allied specialties for a more comprehensive rehabilitation of SCI
patients.
CORRELATION OF HBA1C AND MEAN PLATELET VOLUME IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Shah Sanyam , Verma Y.N.
Published: February 2022

Diabetes is collectively characterized by metabolic disorders explained by hyperglycemia due to defects
in insulin release, insulin activity, or both. Various organs such as eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and veins
are affected. Digestive irregularities of sugars, fats and proteins in diabetes are caused by inadequate insulin activity in splint
tissues. Weakened insulin release and altered insulin activity constantly co-occur in similar patients. It is unknown which
abnormality is the main cause of hyperglycemia. Method: This was conducted on patients admitted in medicine wards and ICU
and Endocrine ward in Geetanjali medical college & hospital with AMI. Result- Mean FBS among the patients of the group A and
group B was 158.65 mg/dL and 82.03 mg/dL respectively. Mean PPBS among the patients of group A and group B was 245.05
mg/dL and 148.29 mg/dL respectively. Mean HbA1c among the patients of group A and group B was 9.76% and 5.79%
respectively. Conclusion- Statistical analysis revealed that there is a signicant correlation between MPV and HbA1c, FBS,
PPBS. However, MPV scores were correlated with the duration of diabetes, but no signicant correlation was observed. The
mean BMI for patients in Group A and Group B was 26.73 kg / m2 and 24.89 kg / m2, respectively
WHY 'NO' TO HEALTH FACILITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: AN EXPLANATORY MIXED METHOD STUDY TO EXPLORE THE REASONS OF LESS PATIENT FOOTFALLS AT THE HEALTH FACILITIES OF PURULIA DISTRICT, INDIA.
Authors: Chakrabartty Arupkumar , Dey Abhijit , Monjur Ali Kazi , Mondal Buddhadev , Das Surajit
Published: February 2022

AIMS: During COVID-19 pandemic, health care resources are being diverted towards the acute crisis, de-emphasizing the routine medical care.
It is not only less access of health care but people also avoiding health care facilities during this pandemic. Medical care delay or avoidance might
increase morbidity and mortality of treatable and preventable health conditions. Literatures have reported the decline in patient footfall and the
impact of it but there is limited information on the reasons why people saying 'No' to the health care facility. Hence, we aimed to conduct this mixed
method study to explore the challenges faced by the community to access & utilize the health care services during this COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: A secondary data analysis was performed on the data obtained from hospital registers and Web Based Health Management
Information System, Followed by Key informant interview on Health service providers and Focussed group discussion among the community
dwellers. OPD & IPD Footfall decreased signicantly in the Health F RESULTS: acilities of Purulia District during covid pandemic in comparison
to pre-pandemic time. Lowest footfall in Manbazar RH observed during the initial lock-down in 2020 & at the time of the second wave in 2021.
Main reasons for decreased footfall are fear of getting covid, dissatisfaction with health care service during the pandemic, lack of transport
availability, stigma attached with covid, less occurrence of disease due to IPC practices, preference of local informal providers & self-medication.
CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining essential health services and behaviour change communication and de-stigmatization program is a need of hour.
FORDYSVAR: Book on specific learning difficulties in reading
Authors: Casado Muñoz Raquel , Santa Olalla-Mariscal Gemma , Medina-Gómez María Begoña , Montesano Lorena , Lorusso Mª Luisa , Ioan Angela , Martinuzzi Andrea , Muñoz Martín Lucía , Lozano Arnáiz Laura , Costa Ruiz Belén
Published: February 2022

One of the main Specific Learning Difficulties is dyslexia. This publication explains dyslexia in this way and shows the main educational policies and attention strategies for reading and writing difficulties carried out in the countries participating in the FORDYSVAR Erasmus+ European Project (Spain, Italy, Romania and Portugal).
ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS UPTAKE BY SOME SELECTIVE BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM HAZARIBAGH TANNERY EFFLUENT IN DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH: BIOSORPTION VIEWPOINT
Authors: ISLAM MD MONIRUL , Hossain Liakat , Islam Monirul , Das Pronabananda , Islam Shariar Islam , Jahan M.T. , Kabir M.H. , Islam M.R. , Mamun A.N.K.
Published: February 2022

Biosorption can be defined as a Physiochemical process that cleanses heavy metal-contaminated water and aids in environmental remediation. The present exploration was carried out to examine the metal biosorbent potentiality of five bacterial strains.Biosorption capacity was assessed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer where Bacillus thuringiensis showed uptake of Pb 0.56mg/g that was around 34.74%, Cd 0.38mg/g (20.0%), Ni 0.30 mg/g (15.8%), Cr 0.76mg/g (39.58%), Cu 0.14mg/g (7.61%) and As 0.28mg/g (14.43%) respectively. Micrococcus sp. showed reduction of Pb 0.62mg/g (39.89%), Cd 0.40mg/g (21.10%), Ni 0.22mg/g (11.6%), Cr 0.46mg/g (23.96%), Cu 0.56mg/g (30.43%) and As 0.03mg/g (1.75%) respectively whereas Pseudomonas sp. exhibited reduction of As 0.56mg/g and 0.20mg/g (16% and 10%), Cu 0.26mg/g and 0.46mg/g (14% and 25%), Cr 0.74mg/g and0.56mg/g (39% and 29%), Ni 0.12mg/g and 0.38mg/g (6% and 20%), Pb 0.26mg/g and 0.68mg/g (19% and 41%) and Cd 0.46mg/g and 0.64mg/g (24% and 34%) respectively. The result displayed that the highest degradation of Pb and Cr were shown by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (41±0.01%) and Bacillus thuringiensis (39.58±0.05%) and lowest degradation of As was shown by Micrococcus sp. that was around 1.75±0.001%. By contrast, degradation of Pb in moderate condition was witnessed by Bacillus cereus (19.89±0.01%) and Ni by Bacillus thuringiensis (15.8±0.05%) respectively. Heavy metal’s biosorption is a quick process that might be an advantageous side for the removal of vast range of pollutants.
The Business of Law: Evolution of the Legal Services Market
Authors: Replogle Tyler
Published: February 2022

The legal services market is changing. This change has been driven by various factors through the years: expansion of in-house legal departments, globalization (through mergers and outsourcing), technological advances, and the rise of alternative legal service providers. This paper explores these factors in isolation—i.e., discussing each factor separately and distinctly from other factors. Then, this paper seeks to understand these factors together, as products of a legal services market that is evolving from the growth stage into the mature stage.

Part I summarizes the early history of law firms, including the rise of the Cravath System through the Golden Era of the 1960s. Part II examines several factors affecting the legal services market, specifically: expansion of in-house legal departments, globalization (through mergers and outsourcing), technological advances, and the rise of alternative legal service providers. Finally, Part III discusses how these factors can also be understood together, as products of a maturing legal services market.
Hotspots des Sanierungsrechts - 12. Fachtagung zur Sanierung und Insolvenz von Unternehmen – Tagungsband 2021
Authors: Cathomas Linus , Gmünder Hubert , Oehri Daniel P. , Schwizer Marina , Sturzenegger Roman , von Jeinsen Alexander
Published: February 2022

Dieser Band versammelt die Referate der 12. Tagung „Sanierung und Insolvenz von Unternehmen“, die das Europa Institut an der Universität Zürich am 2. Juni 2021 durchgeführt hat. Behandelt werden aktuelle Themen, die in Lehre und Praxis für Aufmerksamkeit gesorgt haben. So stellen sich bei fast allen Sanierungen arbeitsrechtliche Fragen. Für kotierte Gesellschaften in finanzieller Notlage ergeben sich Besonderheiten in Bezug auf die Sanierung. In zahlreichen Insolvenzverfahren stehen Betriebsverkäufe zur Diskussion. Sie müssen sorgfältig geplant werden. Im Rahmen der aktienrechtlichen Sanierung können auch die Anteilsinhaber einen Sanierungsbeitrag leisten. Beleuchtet wird auch die nicht einfache Rolle des Sachwalters im Nachlassverfahren. Schliesslich wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Rechte mit der Einstellung mangels Aktiven untergehen und wie eine solche Einstellung verhindert werden kann.
PLUS VERTE LA MORT ? LE TRÉPAS, NOUVELLE FRONTIÈRE DE LA DURABILITÉ
Authors: Paché Gilles
Published: February 2022

Si la mort reste encore un sujet en partie tabou, il interpelle désormais les chercheurs en sciences de gestion et du management dès lors que se pose la question de l’empreinte écologique différenciée qui est associée aux différents rites funéraires. Les deux grandes options qui se présentent dans différents pays, dont la France, sont l’inhumation et la crémation. Or, leurs impacts environnementaux ne sont pas comparables, et un débat est nécessaire sur l’économie du trépas que nous souhaitons initier pour les décennies à venir. Alors que des voix de plus en plus nombreuses s’élèvent pour souligner combien il est essentiel de préserver le bien-être des générations futures, sans leur laisser supporter le poids des choix industriels et logistiques d’aujourd’hui, la problématique des rites funéraires ne peut être éludée.
Doupov and Doupovské hory Mountains - the past and the present
Authors: Král Václav
Published: February 2022

In introduction to the monothematic issue dedicated to the problems of the military area of Hradiště in the Doupov mountains, the author deals with the history of the region from the old Slavic settlement, through its almost complete germanization, to the evacuation of the German ethnicum after the World War II. Besides, he summarizes the basic facts about the natural science exploration of this interesting area.
SECURITY OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY IN THE CONTEXT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL SECURITY
Authors: BAJOR Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

Bezpieczeństwo jako zagadnienie ujmowane jest z wielu różnych perspektyw, m.in. z etycznej, prawnej, psychologicznej, a także politycznej itd. Analizy w tej kwestii zmierzają do głównego celu, jakim jest wyznaczenie uwarunkowań w temacie wzmocnienia zasobów oraz likwidacji czynników zagrożenia. Bardzo specyficznym środowiskiem, które zostało wytworzone przez człowieka w celu ochrony społeczeństwa przed osobami niebezpiecznymi, naruszającymi standardy prawne i moralne jest zakład karny. Celem artykułu jest ocena percepcji bezpieczeństwa przez osoby pozbawione wolności.
Enumeration of Gelfand–⁠Cetlin Type Reduced Words
Authors: Cho Yunhyung , Kim Jang Soo , Lee Eunjeong
Published: February 2022

The combinatorics of reduced words and their commutation classes plays an important role in geometric representation theory. For a semisimple complex Lie group $G$, a string polytope is a convex polytope associated with each reduced word of the longest element $w_0$ in the Weyl group of $G$ encoding the character of a certain irreducible representation of $G$. In this paper, we deal with the case of type $A$, i.e., $G = \mathrm{SL}_{n+1}(\mathbb{C})$. A Gelfand–⁠Cetlin polytope is one of the most famous examples of string polytopes of type $A$. We provide a recursive formula enumerating reduced words of $w_0$ such that the corresponding string polytopes are combinatorially equivalent to a Gelfand–⁠Cetlin polytope. The recursive formula involves the number of standard Young tableaux of shifted shape. We also show that each commutation class is completely determined by a list of quantities called indices.
The Tree Alternative Conjecture Under the Topological Minor Relation
Authors: Bruno Jorge , Szeptycki Paul
Published: February 2022

The Tree Alternative Conjecture concerns the sizes of equivalence classes of trees with respect to mutual embeddable relation. Indeed, it conjectures that the number of isomorphism classes of trees mutually embeddable with a given tree $T$ is either 1 or infinite - with instances of size $\aleph_0$ and $2^{\aleph_0}$. We prove its analogue within the family of locally finite trees with respect to the topological minor relation. More precisely, we prove that for any locally finite tree $T$ the size of its equivalence class with respect to the topological minor relation can only be either $1$ or $2^{\aleph_0}$.
Penyediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik Berkonsep Green Architecture di Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau
Authors: Aguspriyanti Carissa Dinar , Tan Devin , Yunita Indah
Published: February 2022

Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau merupakan perkampungan Melayu yang terdapat di Kota Batam, Kepulauan Riau. Seiring perkembangan zaman, rumah-rumah yang terdapat di Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau menjadi semakin padat dan mayoritas penduduk setempat mulai mengabaikan pentingnya ruang terbuka hijau (RTH). Padahal ruang terbuka hijau khususnya RTH publik merupakan kebutuhan wajib dalam pengembangan suatu permukiman, apalagi jika mengingat kondisi bumi yang sedang mengalami pemanasan global. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mencatat bahwa penyediaan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) publik berkonsep green architecture dapat diwujudkan dengan mengoptimalkan ruang terbuka yang sudah ada di Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau. Aplikasi konsep green architecture yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan dapat melalui enam kriteria, antara lain hemat energi, mampu beradaptasi dengan iklim, tanggap terhadap tapak, memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna, meminimalisir penggunaan material baru, dan diaplikasikan secara menyeluruh.
Kajian Konsep Arsitektur Simbolik Pada Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Pirdaus Encep , Anisa Anisa
Published: February 2022

Penarapan konsep arsitektur simbolik dalam sebuah desain banguna bertujuan memberikan identitas pada bangunan tersebut. Hal itu juga dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi dan memudahkan bagi orang-orang untuk mengenali sebuah bangunan yang mereka lihat. Simbol dalam banguna dapat diekspresikan dengan bentuk lambang-lambang yang berhbunugan dengan sebuah fungsi dari bangunan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan yang artinya bahwa kualitatif merupakan penenlitian yang siaftnya mendeskrifsikan penelitian dari hasil data-data yang sudah terkumpul sehingga penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diproses dan dipertanggungjawabkan dengan berdasarkan data-data yang didapat pada saat pengumpulan data sekunder. Pada penelitian ini objek stdui kasus yaitu pada sebuah pondok pesantren modern yang di analaisis sesuai dengan teori tentang arsitektur simbolik.