bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Nehari manifold for a quasilinear polyharmonic equation with exponential nonlinearities and a sign-changing weight function
Authors: Goyal Sarika , Sreenadh Konijeti
Published: May 2015

In this article, we consider the following quasilinear polyharmonic equation:
Δn/mmu = λh(x)|u|q-1u + u|u|pe|u|β in Ω, u = ∇u = ⋯ = ∇m-1u = 0 on ∂Ω,
where Ω ⊂ ℝn, n ≥ 2m ≥ 2, is a bounded domain
with smooth boundary. The real-valued function h is a sign-changing
and unbounded function. The exponents p, q and β satisfy
0 < q < n/(m-1) < p+1,
β ∈ (1,n/(n-m)] and
λ > 0. Using the Nehari manifold and fibering maps, we show the
existence and multiplicity of solutions.
Unbounded solutions of third order three-point boundary value problems on a half-line
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P. , Çetin Erbil
Published: May 2015

We consider the following third order three-point boundary value problem on a half-line:
x'''(t)+q(t)f(t,x(t),x'(t),x''(t)) = 0, t ∈ (0,+∞),
x'(0) = A, x(η) = B, x''(+∞) = C,
where η ∈ (0,+∞), but fixed, and
f : [0,+∞) × ℝ3 → ℝ satisfies Nagumo's condition. We apply Schauder's fixed point theorem, the upper and lower solution method, and topological degree theory, to establish existence theory for at least one unbounded solution, and at least three unbounded solutions. To demonstrate the usefulness of our results, we illustrate two examples.
Dietary proclivities of Paranthropus robustus from Swartkrans, South Africa
Authors: L’Engle Williams Frank
Published: May 2015

Pleistocene Paranthropus robustus fossils from Swartkrans have yielded stable isotope values suggesting some foraging on C4 plants possibly including underground storage organs. Dental microwear texture analysis on P. robustus (SK 6, SK 34 and SK 47) from Swartkrans Member 1 is performed to examine whether tooth surface damage from mastication agrees with prior dietary inferences from carbon isotopes. There is considerable variation in textural characteristics among the P. robustus specimens. Specifically, adult SK 34 stands apart from the two subadult specimens, SK 6 and SK 47, suggesting life history could be reflected in patterns of dental microwear texture characteristics, although seasonality and availability of fallback foods may also explain the variation observed in P. robustus. The fossils all exhibit elevated surface texture complexity, resembling the values for Lophocebus albigena and Cebus apella, and to a lesser extent, Pan troglodytes. Paranthropus robustus is dissimilar to primary folivores, such as Trachypithecus cristatus or folivore-frugivores such as Alouatta palliata suggesting leaves comprised very little of its diet. The textural fill volume of P. robustus differs from that observed in extant primates from tropical forests indicating extreme durophagy, perhaps a function of differences in habitat. Ingestion of extraneous grit on the underground parts of plants and from terrestrial resources, perhaps as fallback foods or as dietary staples, may account for these enamel textural properties and may help explain the mixed C3/C4 isotopic signal in P. robustus.
Adult tribal malnutrition in India: an anthropometric and socio-demographic review
Authors: Das Subal , Bose Kaushik
Published: May 2015

The nutritional status and socio-demographic profile of tribal people is an important issue in India due to their marginalization from main stream population with respect to varied facilities. However, data on their nutritional status and socio-demographic profile are limited. This review aims to give an overview of the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) using Body mass index (BMI) and various demographic profile of Indian tribes based on studies published hitherto. In total 76 studies were reviewed for mean BMI based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of the public health problem of low BMI, based on adult populations worldwide. The overall sex specific prevalence of CED showed that both the tribal females (52.0%) and males (49.3%) were passing through the critical situation with respect to nutritional status with females being more underprivileged. In conclusion, although there is a gradual increase in knowledge about the nutritional and socio-demographic status of tribes since last decades; there is still paucity of data and information on more than approximately 600 tribes regarding their bio-social profile. However previous studies clearly indicate the need to enhance the health and nutrition status of the tribes by providing job opportunity and food security. Since the prevalence of CED was higher (critical to serious situation) in tribal populations, concerted efforts should also be made to improve the health status and nutrition uptake among them.
Rers2014 and Mrs2014: New High-Precision Rigid Earth Rotation and Moon Rotation Series
Authors: Pashkevich V.V.
Published: May 2015

Numerical investigation of the Earth and Moon rotational motion dynamics is carried out at a long time intervals. In our previous studies (Pashkevich, 2013), (Pashkevich and Eroshkin, 2011) the high-precision Rigid Earth Rotation Series (designated RERS2013) and Moon Rotation Series (designated MRS2011) were constructed. RERS2013 are dynamically adequate to the JPL DE422/LE422 (Folkner, 2011) ephemeris over 2000 and 6000 years and include about 4113 periodical terms (without attempt to estimate new subdiurnal and diurnal periodical terms). MRS2011 are dynamically adequate to the JPL DE406/LE406 (Standish, 1998) ephemeris over 418, 2000 and 6000 years and include about 1520 periodical terms. In present research have been improved the Rigid Earth Rotation Series RERS2013 and Moon Rotation Series MRS2011, and as a result have been constructed the new high-precision Rigid Earth Rotation Series RERS2014 and Moon Rotation Series MRS2014 dynamically adequate to the JPL DE422/LE422 ephemeris over 2000 and 6000 years, respectively. The elaboration of RERS2013 is carried out by means recalculation of sub-diurnal and diurnal periodical terms. The residuals in Euler angles between the numerical solution and RERS2014 do not surpass 3 ìas over 2000 years. Improve the accuracy of the series MRS2011 is obtained by using the JPL DE422/LE422 ephemeris. The residuals in the perturbing terms of the physical librations between the numerical solution and MRS2014 do not surpass 8 arc seconds over 6000 years
Zen, Erfahrung und Philosophie: Ueda Shizuteru und die Schöpfung einer Zen-Philosophie
Authors: Kopf Gereon
Published: May 2015

The philosophers of the so-called Kyoto school famously synthesized Zen Buddhist thought and the academic philosophy of 19th and early 20th century Europe in their work. Shizuteru Ueda, one of disciples of Nishitani, developed a model to categorize three different types of Zen discourse. However, in the English language literature “Zen” is frequently essentialized as “mystical” and as at odds with the philosophical project. Such a misconception not only does injustice to the diverse and vibrant traditions of Zen Buddhism, it also belittles the contributions many of their members have made to the philosophical discourse in general. This essay will introduce Ueda’s model to present one of way of imagining “Zen philosophy” and to investigate how the project of philosophy in general can be understood from within the Japanese Zen Buddhist tradition. It will argue that since philosophy is not a matter of ideology but one of method, “doing philosophy within the Zen tradition” requires a translation of the Zen idiom. It will further demonstrate how Ueda identifies sources for and methods of philosophy within the Zen Buddhist traditions. The goal of this essay is to better understand the philosophical projects of one member of the Kyoto school, on the one side, and to envision a notion of “philosophy” that is relevant for the age of globalism and multiculturalism, on the other.
Die Artikulation des Schweigens in der Sprache. Zum Sprachdenken des Philosophen Ueda Shizuteru
Authors: Müller Ralf
Published: May 2015

Ueda Shizuteru (born 1926) draws both on „Asian“ and „Western“ ideas to highlight the importance of silence as a mode of expression, especially in the Zen Buddhist tradition. This paper seeks to sort out the basic idea that stands behind his analysis: the idea of articulation, a term – implicitly or explicitly – taken from Wilhelm von Humboldt. Though Ueda acknowledges the importance of language, and – in line with Ernst Cassirer – of non-linguistic, i.e. symbolic forms of articulation, the way in which he presents his concept of silence remains in itself opaque and contests partly his basic assumption that the human being is essentially linguistic. It will therefore be shown how Humboldt’s and Cassirer’s idea of articulation can help to clarify Ueda’s usage of the term, while its application by Ueda in a number of analyses can help to rethink the idea of articulation from its inception in voicing (Verlautlichung) and vocalizing (Verlautbarung) and hence the relation of language and silence. The paper finally aims at an interpretation of Ueda’s analysis of how silence in sitting meditation is drawn towards articulating the very idea of silent meditation in words.
Experimental Determination Of Soft Wheat Flour Thermal Parameters
Authors: Božiková Monika , Hlaváč Peter , Vozárová Vlasta , Beláň Ľubomír
Published: May 2015

This article focuses on temperature relations of selected thermophysical parameters for soft wheat flour. The main aim of experiment was to determine the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and volume specific heat of soft wheat flour in Slovakia marked as Špeciál 00 Extra. Measurements were performed in laboratory settings. Thermal parameters were measured using the thermal analyser Isomet 2104 with two types of probes - a linear probe and plane probe. Measurement by the linear probe is based on a hot wire method, and measurement by the plane probe is based on a simplified plane source method. Both methods are described in the text. Two types of measurement method were used because of the non-homogenous structure of measured material. All thermophysical parameters were measured during the temperature stabilisation in the temperature interval 5-24 °C. Obtained graphical relations had linear increasing progresses with high values of determination coefficients in all cases. Measurement results showed that measurement method has no significant influence on thermophysical parameters values.
Study On Correlation Of Data From Yield Monitoring System And Hand Samples
Authors: Ingeli Martin , Galambošová Jana , Macák Miroslav , Rataj Vladimír
Published: May 2015

One of the basic tools used in precision agriculture technology is yield monitoring and mapping. Yield maps are used to monitor the efficiency of applied inputs, to assess the variability of field and have potential to be used in farm records and farm management software. The paper deals with comparison of yield maps with information on yield obtained from hand sampling. Analyses are based on five-year data from one field with spring barley, oil seed rape, winter wheat and maize crop rotation. Results show that the correlation coefficient across the time period reached a value of 0.89 (p <0.05), which means that the yield maps show the yield trend of the field. However, looking at the data in more detail and comparing the pairs of data for selected (discrete) monitoring points, the error of estimation was calculated. This error showed that the yield monitor underestimated or overestimated the yield in average by 25 %. Therefore, the data cannot be used to evaluate the absolute yield at selected place of the field.
Effect Of Preheating And Different Moisture Content Of Input Materials On Durability Of Pellets Made From Different Phytomass Content
Authors: Macák Miroslav , Nozdrovický Ladislav , Hussein Affan Othman
Published: May 2015

This paper analyses the effects of the storage process on the durability of pellets made of different types of biomass (lucerne hay, maize stover, wheat straw, miscanthus, prickly lettuce) for energy purposes. Pellets were produced on a hydraulic press that allowed modifying the size of pellets. The durability of pellets was measured on a special testing instrument according to the ASAE S269.4 (2007) standard method. The pellets used in the test were produced by pressing without preheating and with preheating. Durability rating was expressed as the ratio of the original mass of pellets and the mass of pellets remaining on a 17 mm opening sieve after tumbling. Storage negatively affected the durability of pellets made without preheating for all the types of biomass materials in different moisture contents. On the other hand, there was some positive response to storing of pellets made with preheating. The durability of pellets made of maize stover, wheat straw and miscanthus in the moisture content of 5 % increased with storing.
Staging Icons, Performing Storyworlds – From Mystery Play to Cosplay
Authors: Domsch Sebastian
Published: May 2015

One of the oldest complex forms of intermediality is the static live-performance adaptation of the iconographic qualities of well-known stories. Early examples of this phenomenon are the depictions of biblical scenes in the form of grand (and largely static) tableaux in medieval Mystery Plays, very popular until the emergence of the professional entertainment stage. The nineteenth century had its fascination with the tableaux vivants - not coincidentally during the time that photography was introduced - and the late twentieth century saw the beginning of the newest variety with cosplay, which has by now become a global cultural phenomenon. Cosplay, the activity of fans dressing up and posing in a visually recognizable way as characters from popular media franchises such as manga, anime, or TV series, developed from role-playing activities into its current, highly ritualized static form through its symbiosis with amateur photography. This paper wants to first analyse the underlying art form in its historical varieties from an intermedial perspective, and in connection with that, it will explore the deeper philosophical significance of this practice, looking particularly at the role of embodiment.
Brand Identity, Adaptation, and Media Franchise Culture
Authors: Marazi Katerina
Published: May 2015

In spite of the noticeable practices within the field of Adaptation, Adaptation theory seems to be lagging behind whilst perpetuating various fallacies. Geoffrey Wagner’s types of Adaptation and Kamilla Elliott’s proposed concepts for examining adaptations have proved useful but due to their general applicability they seem to perpetuate the fallacies existing within the field of Adaptation. This article will propose a context-specific concept pertaining to Media Franchise Culture for the purpose of examining Adaptations and re-assessing long-held debates concerning the Original, the Content/Form debate and Fidelity issues that cater to the twelve fallacies discussed by Thomas Leitch.
Finding sequential patterns with TF-IDF metrics in health-care databases
Authors: Kardkovács Zsolt T. , Kovács Gábor
Published: May 2015

Finding frequent sequential patterns has been defined as finding ordered list of items that occur more times in a database than a user defined threshold. For big and dense databases that contain really long sequences and large itemset such as medical case histories, algorithm proposed on this idea of counting the occurrences output enourmous number of highly redundant frequent sequences, and are therefore simply impractical. Therefore, there is a need for algorithm that perform frequent pattern search and prefiltering simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that reinterprets the term support on text mining basis. Experiments show that our method not only eliminates redundancy among the output sequences, but it scales much better with huge input data sizes. We apply our algorithm for mining medical databases: what diagnoses are likely to lead to a certain future health condition.
Translation and Transtextuality
Authors: Tapodi Zsuzsa
Published: May 2015

Umberto Eco’s novel The Name of the Rose as a postmodern literary work is extensively based on transtextuality. There are series of quotations from the Bible, Petrus Abelardus, St. Bernard, Petrarch, Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie, Jorge L. Borges, Nietzsche, and other classic authors interwoven into the novel’s narrative. The text is a result of multiple translations, a truly intercultural adventure: Adso, a 14th-century German monk from the Melk monastery provides a Northern Italian travel experience in Latin language, this memoir is translated by the publishing narrator into the Italian language of the 20th century. The characters of the story come from different areas of Europe, as there are monks from England, Spain, Norway, Germany, and other countries. This paper sheds light on the problems that occurred during the novel’s translation.
Problems Related to the Translation of Political Texts
Authors: Sárosi-Márdirosz Krisztina
Published: May 2015

This study deals with the problems related to the translation of political texts in the theoretical framework elaborated by the researchers working in the field of translation studies and reflects on the terminological peculiarities of the special language used for this text type. Consideration of the theoretical framework is followed by the analysis of a specific text spoken then written in English and translated into Hungarian and Romanian. The conclusions are intended to highlight the fact that there are no recipes for translating a political speech, because translation is not only a technical process that uses translation procedures and applies transfer operations, but also a matter of understanding cultural, historical and political situations and their significance.
Mite species (Acari: Mesostigmata) new and rare to Polish fauna, inhabiting the soil of broadleaved forests dominated by small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) in Kwidzyn Forest District (N Poland)
Authors: FALEŃCZYK-KOZIRÓG KATARZYNA , MARQUARDT TOMASZ , KACZMAREK SŁAWOMIR
Published: May 2015

During a two-year study on mites of the order Mesostigmata in broadleaved forest stands dominated by small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.), 117 mite species were identified. Among them, 3 had been so far rarely recorded in Poland (Haemogamasus nidi, Stylochirus rovenensis and Eugamasus crassitarsis) and 2 were classified as new to the Polish fauna (Veigaia sibirica and Digamasellus perpusillus).
Antibacterial effect of an extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata and its cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 tumour cell lines
Authors: EZHIL ARIVUDAINAMBI U.S. , KANUGULA ANANTHA KOTESWARARAO , KOTAMRAJU SRIGIRIDHAR , KARUNAKARAN CHANDRAN , RAJENDRAN AYYAPPAN
Published: May 2015

There is a growing need for new and effective antimicrobial agents to treat life-threatening diseases. Fungal endophytes are receiving increasing attention by natural product chemists due to the diverse and structurally unprecedented compounds, which make them interesting candidates for drug discovery. The present study evaluates the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata VN3 on multi-resistant clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as its cytotoxicity on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 tumour cell lines of breast cancer. The maximum inhibition zone of 21.4±0.07 mm and 21.5±0.25 mm was observed for S. aureus strain 10 and P. aeruginosa strain 2, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract showed minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 100 to 900 μg/ml for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Further, the ethyl acetate extract of A. alternata VN3 exhibited moderate anticancer activity against MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cell lines. At 30 μg/ml the cell viability was decreased to 75.5% and 71.8% for MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells, respectively. These results clearly indicate that the metabolites of A. alternata VN3 are a potential source for production of new drugs.
The ‘Trio Presidency’ of the Council of the European Union: Towards More Continuity?
Authors: Raik Ele
Published: May 2015

This article addresses the Council presidency trio mechanism codified in the Lisbon Treaty with a particular focus on the continuity question in the Council's decision-making framework. The aim of the article is to explore the effect of the formalised trio programme on continuity in the Council's decision-making process. To this end, the article looks at how the trio mechanism has evolved over time and how it functions in practice.

While some analysts have been sceptical about the usefulness of the trio programme, these findings demonstrate that the launch of this institutional tool has improved the continuity in the Council's decision-making process. The positive effect on continuity results from three main factors-the trio programme as a formal tool in the Council's institutional tool-kit; the existence of political will among the presidencies to cooperate; and, lastly, the guiding role of the Council Secretariat. The article presents evidence gathered by tracing the preparations of joint trio programmes from 2007 to 2012.
Poland and Its Eastern Neighbours: A Postcolonial Case Study
Authors: Ładykowski Paweł
Published: May 2015

The article presents problematic issues resulting from the Polish presence on the historical eastern border of the II Rzeczpospolita (Republic of Poland), or, as it is called in the Polish national discourse, “Kresy”. The notion of Kresy, to a certain extent, corresponds to the notion of ‘borderland’. However, the latter is neutral and used mostly in scientific discourse, whereas the former alludes to Polish national awareness in literature and much of the historical writings and presents itself as the lost centre of “Polishness”. This way, contemporary Polish historical memory makes substantial claims towards this space, both in a geographical and historical sense, while hardly tolerating the presence of indigenous, non-Polish populations inhabiting the area- Lithuanians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians. In order to revise these issues in the article, I have adopted a postcolonial studies perspective. Looking at Poland through the lens of postcolonial studies reveals that it holds a unique position due to its double status. Historically speaking, Poland occupied both the position of the colonizer and of the colonized. However, popular Polish imagination tends to see Poland only in its role of the oppressed victims of its powerful ibjesial neighbours. The dominant role of Poland and its version of colonial policy adopted towards its contemporary eastern neighbours is obscured or simply denied both in popular and scientific discourse. The analysis of the role of the “myth of Kresy”, proposed here, hopes to contribute to the understanding of the implications of the Polish contemporary “orientalism”.
Technical Efficiency of the Generation of Knowledge in the European Union (2003-2010)
Authors: Agüeros Manuel , Casares-Hontañón Pedro , Coto-Millán Pablo , Ángel Pesquera Miguel
Published: May 2015

This paper analyses the determinants of knowledge in the European Union of the 27, through estimates of transcendental logarithmic production functions (translog) in different scenarios. For this, a data panel for the period 2003-2010 has been elaborated, selecting the production stochastic frontier as the most reliable model to estimate technical efficiency for European innovation. The empirical result is that technological capital, human capital and relational capital have a positive and significant influence on the generation of knowledge. Also, from the observation of results we can assure that the size (in terms of population) of a country within the EU-27 does not positively influence the technical efficiency of knowledge production.

This is an empirical study about the relationship between the determinants of knowledge and the technical efficiency of the generation of knowledge, and such a study does not exist in literature for the EU-27 in the period analysed.
Suburbanization and Local Governance - Positive and Negative Forms: Olomouc Case Study
Authors: Kladivo Petr , Roubínek Pavel , Opravil Zdeněk , Nesvadbová Martina
Published: May 2015

Over the previous 15-20 years (in Czech conditions), suburban processes have substantially influenced the appearance and transformation of municipalities on the fringe of larger cities. And it is not only the morphology of the municipality structure (new housing estates and their urban as well as architectural solutions) that has undergone the transformation, but also the functions municipalities have started to fulfil (the development of civic amenities and services). After such a long period of time, we are capable of identifying negative as well as positive impacts of suburban processes on municipalities, and evaluating the role of local actors (with regard to local governance) in the shaping of sub-urbias and their appearance (the area urban solution, infrastructure, architecture in terms of housing appearance, etc.). We are also capable of assessing new construction sites based on their location or appearance (housing naturally complementing or suitably extending the municipality built-up area, or, on the contrary, a satellite housing estate built “on a greenfield site”), social climate between old residents and newcomers, etc. The goal of the paper is to present the most significant aspects that have had influence on new housing construction in suburban zone municipalities, and to describe differences in the application of the concept of local governance (at the lowest - microregional, or possibly municipal tier) in positively impacted municipalities as compared with those affected rather negatively. Concentrating on the city of Olomouc and its suburban zone in greater detail, the study shall also outline expected future development.
Manihot grahamii Hook. (Euphorbiaceae), a new alien species for the Eurasian area with nomenclatural, taxonomical, morphological and ecological notes
Authors: Iberite Mauro , Iamonico Duilio
Published: May 2015

Manihot is a native genus of the Northern and Southern America with diversity centres in Brazil, Mexico and Guatemala. Some taxa have colonized other continents (except Europe) where they are considered aliens. During recent floristic surveys we found the genus in the Agro Pontino area (Lazio region, Central Italy, Southern Europe). This is the second record in Europe for the genus and the first of M. grahamii for the Eurasian area. At present this taxon is to be considered as naturalized alien species in Agro Pontino (and thus in Italy and Europe). To better clarify the taxonomic and nomenclatural data, the names Janipha loeflingii var. (s) multifida (≡ M. grahamii) and Jatropha carthaginensis (≡ M. carthaginensis) were lectotypified respectively on a specimen from K and an iconography by Jacquin.
Seasonal leaf dimorphism in Potentilla argentea L. var. tenuiloba (Jord.) Sw. (Rosaceae)
Authors: Kołodziejek Jeremi , Glińska Sława , Michlewska Sylwia
Published: May 2015

A pattern of seasonal changes in the morphological and anatomical leaf traits is reported for Potentilla argentea L. var. tenuiloba (Jord.) Sw. of temperate-climate areas in central Poland. Leaf area, perimeter, dry mass and lamina thickness were measured in summer and autumn leaves of the same individuals. Dissection index, density and specific leaf area were calculated. Significant differences were obtained between summer and autumn leaves obtained from the same individuals. The shapes of leaves of the P. argentea plants varied in the extent of incisions between teeth and the number of teeth on the margins. Fully expanded autumn leaves were larger in weight and area than summer leaves. The autumn leaves had lower leaf mass area and density than the summer leaves. Leaves were covered by considerably more trichomes in summer than in autumn. Anatomical leaf structure also changed with the season. The summer leaves were thick, with a lower number of chloroplasts in the cells of the compact mesophyll. Autumn leaves are thinner, with loose mesophyll. Chloroplasts from the two seasonal types of leaves differ on account of starch grain and plastoglobule content. The large variations in leaf density and thickness recorded here confirm great differences in cell size and amounts of structural tissue within species. Seasonal dimorphism of leaves may result from seasonal drought or from seasonality in leaf production, leaf fall or incoming solar radiation. Within this new context of seasonal leaf dimorphism, P. argentea can still be distinguished by the absence of deeply divided leaflets on late-formed leaves. The results confirmed the presence of several morpho- anatomical leaf traits of P. argentea that allow the species to adapt to environmental seasonal conditions.
Botrychium matricariifolium, a new fern species for the flora of Montenegro
Authors: Stešević Danijela , Berg Christian
Published: May 2015

In this short communication we report a new fern for Montenegro - Botrychium matricariifolium (Doll) A. Braun ex W.D.J. Koch, known as the chamomile grapefern. Up to now, the only Botrychium species in the flora of Montenegro was B. lunaria (L.) Sw., a typical species for montane to alpine grasslands and meadows. One individual of B. matricariifolium was found in a forest opening on the mountain Babji zub. B. matricariifolium was accompanied by numerous individuals of B. lunaria. These species are clearly distinguished by the lamina, which is in B. matricariifolium 2-pinnatifid, while in B. lunaria it is 1-pinnate with trapezoid to flabellate pinnae. Although chamonile grapefern has a large range of distribution, it is everywhere a rare species that has some kind of protection status in the most European countries. In order to define the protection status of the species in Montenegro, further investigation is needed.
Ultrasound monitoring for evaluation of damage in reinforced concrete
Authors: Rucka M. , Wilde K.
Published: May 2015

The paper deals with automated monitoring of damage evolution in concrete elements subjected to three-point bending tests. The monitoring is based on the nonlinear interactions of traveling ultrasonic waves with micro-crack zones inside the concrete specimens and surface-breaking cracks. The developed procedure assumes semi-continuous ultrasonic testing during the element full loading cycle and generation of the power spectral density maps for the on-line assessment of the degradation process. Two damage indicators are introduced to evaluate micro- and macro-damage. The preliminary experimental results show that the proposed automated monitoring system provides an effective method for the evaluation of progressive damage in concrete.
Evaluation of the pavement performance
Authors: Iwański M. , Chomicz-Kowalska A.
Published: May 2015

This paper focuses on evaluation of two laboratory-based methods of compaction of foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion mixes: impact compaction with a Marshall hammer and static compaction using a hydraulic press. The investigated compaction methods were assessed in terms of their impact on the physical and mechanical properties of produced laboratory specimens, including: air void content, indirect tensile strength before and after conditioning in water (ITSdry, ITSwet), tensile strength ratio (TSR), and indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) at 0°C, 10°C and 20°C. The statically compacted specimens attained higher levels of mechanical properties and resistance to moisture damage, which was associated with a lower content of air voids in the specimens formed using a hydraulic press. Authors present a calculation showing that a mechanistic design based on the laboratory static press compaction method leads to overestimation of fatigue cracking resistance of the road base.
Fatigue durability of asphalt-cement mixtures
Authors: Kuźniewski J. , Skotnicki Ł. , Szydło A.
Published: May 2015

This paper focuses on examinations of asphalt-cement mixtures (ACM). This is a recycled material which can be used in road pavement layers. In the article stiffness modulus tests and fatigue tests of asphalt-cement mixtures were shown. The authors decided to lead research on fatigue durability of asphalt-cement mixtures to set fatigue characteristics of these materials. So far in research or other works any adequate fatigue criterion for ACM mixtures has not been developed. As a result of the examinations a level of fatigue damage was suggested. For new fatigue damage a strain level in one million load cycle was estimated. Based on that a fatigue design criterion for asphalt-cement mixtures was estimated.
Stability and bearing capacity of arch-shaped corrugated shell elements: experimental and numerical study
Authors: Piekarczuk A. , Malowany K. , Więch P. , Kujawińska M. , Sulik P.
Published: May 2015

The paper presents problems related to the numerical modeling of profiled steel sheets used as self-supporting arch structures for roof covering. The rules of preparing and full analysis of a set of numerical models of these elements with a different level of complexity are given. The models are evaluated by comparing numerical results with the results of extended experimental tests performed by 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method. For each model the comparison of numerical and experimental results has been made for samples of a single-wave trapezoidal profile with corrugated web and lower flanges subjected to compression and bending. The full-field analysis allows to determine the allowed simplification of numerical models which do not affect in significant way the reliability of the results. The proposed methodology is the first step in the development of full assessment methodology for different types of self-supporting arch structures produced by ABM technology.
Model of fire spread out on outer building surface
Authors: Kolbrecki A.
Published: May 2015

The spread of fire through the façades is one of the quickest routes of spreading flames in buildings.

There are three situations that can lead to the spread of fire though the façades:

a) Fire from outside through hot coals, initialized/set either by a fire in a nearby building or a wooden area in flames,

b) Fire started/set by an element that burns in the front of the façade (garbage container, furniture, etc.),

c) Fire originated in a compartment of the building, which spreads outwards through the windows.

In this paper, I focus only at the last case, which is considered to be the most dangerous and statistically the most frequently occurring.

Fire spread of some type of façades were discussed:

• Glazed façade,

• Double-skin façade,

• Façade with structural barriers,

• Façade with side walls at the opening,

• Façades covered by ETICS (External Thermal Insulation Composite System).

Also information of influence of radiation from compartment fires to adjacent buildings was added.
Application of laser and electrochemical interaction in sequential and hybrid micromachining processes
Authors: Skoczypiec S.
Published: May 2015

One of the research and development trends in nowadays manufacturing technology is integration of different manufacturing techniques into single machine tool. In the first part of the paper possibilities, goals, reasons and advantages of thermal and electrochemical interaction have been characterized. As literature review indicates such a connection can be realized as sequential or hybrid machining. The second part of the paper focuses on detailed analysis of laser assisted electrochemical process. For this purpose, the mathematical model of workpiece heating has been developed. Based on obtained results and literature review possibilities of technical realization and potential application have been discussed.
Assigning NMR spectra of irregular RNAs by heuristic algorithms
Authors: Szachniuk M.
Published: May 2015

Computer-aided analysis and preprocessing of spectral data is a prerequisite for any study of molecular structures by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The data processing stage usually involves a considerable dedication of time and expert knowledge to cope with peak picking, resonance signal assignment and calculation of structure parameters. A significant part of the latter step is performed in an automated way. However, in peak picking and resonance assignment a multistage manual assistance is still essential. The work presented here is focused on the theoretical modeling and analyzing the assignment problem by applying heuristic approaches to the NMR spectra recorded for RNA structures containing irregular regions.
Quantitative Comparison of Deformable Models in Range Segmentation
Authors: Amine Khaldi , Hayet Farida Merouani
Published: May 2015

In this paper we segment range images by applying three deformable models (the classical Active Contour, the adaptive active contour and the Level Set method). These three methods are used to segment images with planar and curved surface scenes. Then the numerical results obtained are compared in order to find the best technique of deformable models adapted to segmentation of range images. Despite of the good experimental results on simple objects, we have noted that the adaptive and classical snake methods have a few limitations and cannot detect discontinuities in curvatures and some items do not always converge. However, the level set method is very efficient for segmenting range images with curvature and complex forms.
From Gamification to Gameful Design and Gameful Experience in Learning
Authors: Dichev Christo , Dicheva Darina , Angelova Galia , Agre Gennady
Published: May 2015

Learning is a goal driven social activity determined by motivational factors. To be able to efficiently gamify learning for improved student motivation and engagement, the educators have to understand the related aspects studied in games, motivational psychology and pedagogy. This will help them to identify the factors that drive and explain desired learning behaviors. This paper presents a survey of the main approaches employed in gamification and the emerging new directions in the context of the relevant motivational psychology and pedagogy. The focus is on the motivational factors that impact learning and understanding of behavior change. The purpose of the paper is two-fold: on one side, to provide analysis and guide to relevant works related to gamification along with outlining the emerging trends, and on the other, to provide foundation for evaluation and identification of the areas of possible improvements.
Designing an Efficient and Extensible Robustness Benchmark of a Real-Time Operating System
Authors: Zhou Zheng-Mao , Zhu Zhou-Rong , Cai Ming
Published: May 2015

An important step in the development of a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is the validation of its tolerance properties. An abnormal input (fault injection) has become one of the most efficient ways to test the software robustness. In this paper we have designed a comprehensive robustness benchmark to evaluate the current popular RTOSs by faults injection. Firstly, we provide a set of uniform application program interfaces to ensure that the benchmark can be easily ported to a new RTOS. Then a package testing method has been used to improve the testing efficiency. Finally, a comprehensive robustness evaluation model is provided for the quantitative evaluation of RTOS robustness. Three popular RTOSs (Ucos2.62, Vxworks5.4 and Rtems4.10) have been evaluated with the help of our benchmark and we have found that Rtems performs best in robust evaluation, while Vxworks performs worst.
The Main Controversies Over the Modernisation Process of the Ukrainian Higher Education System from the Perspective of Globalization / Główne Kontrowersje Procesu Modernizacji Systemu Szkolnictwa Wyższego Na Ukrainie W Aspekcie Globalizacji
Authors: Bąk Mirosław
Published: May 2015

The most significant process of the modern civilization advancement is globalization. The crucial tendencies of the world educational system development aim at strengthening the main role of knowledge as a component of employee workshop, often much more precious than the material part, originating from the employer. In 1991, due to globalization processes, Ukraine abandoned the Soviet higher education model, following the international scenario of the higher education development. In the last few years some propositions for reforms of the above system have appeared. The Draft Law on Higher Education approved in December 2012 has made the situation less clear. Currently, the provisional Government of Ukraine declares an intention to tackle the situation properly. It seems necessary to conduct further work on the basis of certain fundamental assumptions and the experiences of countries trying to achieve the mentioned objectives in similar conditions, like Poland or the Czech Republic, etc. In all these countries there is a need for change in order to abandon huge hierarchic and administrative structures by organizing small, self-controlling as well as adaptive structures, and to rethink not only teaching methods but the whole legal environment and organizational principles.
Escherichia Coli in Sewage Sludge - Detection Method / Escherichia Coli W Osadach Ściekowych - Metoda Wykrywania
Authors: Machnicka Alicja
Published: May 2015

Escherichia coli is Gram-negative optionally anaerobic roads which belongs to Enterobacteriaceae family. Includes in a physiological bacterial flora of human and warm-blooded animals large intestine. Escherichia coli is being met in abiotic elements of the environment so as waters, wastewater, sewage sludge, soil and the food. This bacterium is showing the pathogenicity in named terms for the peoples, triggering diseases mainly: gastrointestinal tract and urinary.

Quality and quantitative proposed detections method of the bacteria E. coli contains five/six steps:

- appointment dry suspended solid,

- preparation averaged, test of sample and resuscitation of bacteria,

- making dilutions,

- enrichment and differentiation in chromogenic-selective medium,

- enumerating the amount of cfu E. coli in 1 g of a dry weight,

- optionally, the biochemical identification
Changes in the Structure of Activated Sludge Protozoa Community at the Different Oxygen Condition / Zmiany W Strukturze Zbiorowiska Pierwotniaków Osadu Czynnego W Zróżnicowanych Warunkach Tlenowych
Authors: Babko Roman , Kuzmina Tatyana , Łagód Grzegorz , Jaromin-Gleń Katarzyna
Published: May 2015

Several experiments were performed in the laboratory condition using an SBR bioreactor modelling the expected conditions, created by malfunction of certain bioreactor elements, thus the different oxygen condition. In the course of the experiments, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrates(III), nitrates(V), TOC, and TC were systematically measured. Besides physico-chemical parameters, the structure of activated sludge community was analyzed. In the samples, the number and species composition of protozoa (ciliates) were determined. Each of the three measuring series conducted for various types of process conditions was repeated three times. The activated sludge used for inoculation of the bioreactor was sampled at Hajdow WWTP in Lublin. The results obtained are the average of three repetitions of every experimental series. On this ground, we may conclude that the number of ciliates shows a high correlation with the O2 concentration, pH and TOC.
Analysis of The Rayleigh Number in the Area of Steel Rectangular Sections in the Conditions of Stedy and Unstedy Heat Flow/ Analiza Liczby Rayleigha W Obszarze Stalowych Profili Prostokątnych W Warunkach Ustalonego I Nieustalonego Przepływu Ciepła
Authors: Wyczółkowski Rafał
Published: May 2015

The paper presents the experimental measurements dedicated to the research for the Rayleigh number (Ra) in the area of rectangular steel sections. This problem is associated with the analysis of the free convection which takes place in the heating of sections bundles during the heat treatment. The study was conducted for both steady and transient heat transfer. The values of the Ra number obtained for the tested sections allow to describe the phenomenon of convection on the basis of a very simple criterial dependence. It greatly simplifies the mathematical description of the heat transfer phenomenon in the concerned charges.
The Rich North-west, The Poor Middle-east – Consumption In EU Households
Authors: Piekut Marlena
Published: May 2015

The aim of paper is to analyze household consumption in EU countries in the 21st century. The two hypotheses posited have been confirmed. The start of the 21st century saw an increase in consumer spending in EU households and reduction in the disparities between households of different countries. At the end of the first decade there was a stabilization in consumer spending. The differences in consumption between households can be considered as a) the effect of freedom of choice, and b) a consequence of specific restrictions that do not allow for an appropriate level of funds to meet household needs. Households with the most favourable situation are located in the United Kingdom and Austria. The most unfavourable situation can be observed in the households of Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria.
The Effect of Hydro-Priming on Germination Characteristics, Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Activity of Accelerated Aging Wheat Seeds
Authors: Ghasemi E. , Ghahfarokhi M. Goodarzian , Darvishi B. , Kazafi Z. Heidari
Published: May 2015

Seed aging is an important problem in developing countries which seeds stored in inappropriate condition. Delayed germination, reduced normal seedling percentage and changed antioxidant enzymes activity are some indications of aged seeds. Priming is a technique applied before planting and can improve seed characteristics especially under abiotic stress conditions. The main objective of the study was to evaluate aging effect on seed quality and to study the interaction between seed aging and seed priming. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replicates was conducted. The experimental treatments included cultivar, priming and aging. Results showed that seed aging reduced germination percentage, germination index, seedling length, normal seedling percentage, seedling dry weight, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity and increased the germination mean time and electrical conductivity of seeds. The highest germination percentage, germination index, seedling length, normal seedling percentage, seedling dry weight, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity and the minimum germination mean time and electrical conductivity of seeds were attained from hydro-priming treatment under non aged condition. Hydro-priming improved aged seeds quality and increased enzymes activity. Therefore, priming is a technique can be applied to improve aged seeds germination and seedling characteristics.
Early Sowing Reduces Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Occurrence and Improves Cotton Productivity
Authors: Ali H. , Hussain G.S. , Hussain S. , Shahzad A.N. , Ahmad S. , Javeed H.M.R , Sarwar N.
Published: May 2015

Cotton productivity is severely hampering by various diseases and insect pests especially cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV) worldwide. Losses caused by CLCV are far more than any other factor affecting cotton productivity. Growing of early and resistant genotypes is of vital significance in alleviating the adversities of these pests in crop plants. The current field trial was conducted at Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI) Multan, Pakistan, to investigate the role of varying sowing dates in managing the CLCV infestation on different elite cotton genotypes. The crop was sown on five different dates i.e. D1= 15th April, D2 = 1st May, D3 = 15th May, D4 = 1st June and D5 = 15th June and three different elite cotton genotypes, i.e. V1= CIM-612, V2 = CIM-591 and V3 = CIM-573 to optimize a suitable sowing date and to screen out high productive and tolerant genotype against the CLCV. Seeds were drilled manually on finely crafted seedbed by using single row hand drill keeping seeding density of 20 kg ha-1 and inter row spacing of 75cm. CLCV severely hampered the crop performance by delayed planting of cotton from 15th April, while increased the chances of disease incidence. It is concluded that early sowing of all tested genotypes especially CIM-592 reduces the problem of CLCV and enhanced cotton productivity.