bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CASHLESS SOCIETY MANAGING PRIVACY AND SECURITY IN TECHNOLOGICAL AGE
Authors: K MR.VIJAY
Published: May 2024

A cashless society is an economic state which handles financial transactions not in the form of traditional mediums of currency, such as cash or coins, but by transferring digital data (usually by electronic means, such as credit cards and mobile data) between participating parties. Participants of a cashless society must Figure out a way to protect their transaction data, acknowledging the risks of organizations collecting mass amounts of said data, which result in a reduction of personal privacy. Balancing individual privacy with data security is vital in the information age, especially considering the increasing risk of data breaches and exploitation. In order to increase privacy in a cashless society, a few courses of action can be combined to produce a lasting and desirable result for users: A new kind of banking service that assigns randomized numbers to credit cards, the use of blockchain to monitor all transactions from individuals, and a campaign to educate and inform key stakeholders about security and privacy risks to provide the necessary tools and background knowledge to safeguard their own information before interaction with a foreign entity or other third parties i.e. cyber security departments, IT technicians, etc. Blockchain and card number randomization are both susceptible to zero-day errors, bugs, and varied levels of social acceptance. This preliminary research draws on a systems analysis of cashless systems to identify and analyze a set of social and technical solutions to support a robust cashless system that protects users’ privacy and maintains the security of the system. The information found and analyzed will be beneficial by exposing weak points in current methods of data integrity and security. Learning about current and future methods of managing privacy and data security in the technological age would be helpful in creating preventative counter measures. Key Words: Cashless economy, e-banking, card swipe, digital money, plastic money, transparency and digital transaction.
A1-Mart (The e-Commerce Web Application)
Authors:   Department Of Computer Science And Engineering  IIMT College Of Engineering, Greater Noida, Pandey Gaurav
Published: May 2024

Online Shopping play a great importance in the modern business environment. A1-Mart (The e-Commerce Web Application) has opened the door of opportunity and advantage to the firms. This paper analyzed the different issue of online shopping. The research aims to provide theoretical contribution in understanding the present status of online shopping. The Study Discuss the consumers’ online shopping behaviors. Papers also identify the problems face by the consumers when they want to accept internet shopping. Present paper is an expressive study based on the detailed review of earlier pertinent studies related to the various concepts of online shopping to discover the concept of online shopping. Solitude and safety risk emerge regularly as a reason for being cautious about internet shopping. Shopping convenience, information seeking, social contact, and diversity affects the consumer attitude towards online shopping. The impossibility of product testing, problems with complaints, product return and missus of personal data are the main doubts regarding on-line shopping.
SECURE FLOW - “A Life Saving Intravenous Drip System”
Authors:   Student, Department of EEE & Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Mysuru.Student, Department of EEE & Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Mysuru., J SIRIVANTH
Published: May 2024

Intravenous (IV) therapy is a common medical procedure that involves the delivery of fluids, medications, or nutrients directly into a vein. Intravenous drips are often used in hospitals and clinics to treat a variety of conditions, including dehydration, sepsis, and chemotherapy. Traditionally, Intravenous drips are controlled manually by healthcare professionals or nurses. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the development of automated Intravenous drip systems. These systems can help to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and safety of Intravenous therapy. The system “Secure flow” is proposed to use solenoid valve to control the flow of fluid, and the load cell is used to measure the weight of the Intravenous bag. If the weight of the Intravenous bag decreases below a certain threshold, the solenoid valve is activated to stop the flow of fluid and also sends an alert notification to the registered number. It also has a potentiometer which can be used to adjust the preset value of the liquid in the solenoid to flow through the patient’s body. Overall, this system has the potential to improve the safety, efficiency, and accuracy of Intravenous therapy. This system can be a valuable tool for hospitals and clinics that are looking to improve the quality of care that they provide to their patients.
CLOUD EDGE FOR TASK DEPLOYMENT AND LOAD BALANCING
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru New College of Engineering, Shimoga, S Sathyanarayana
Published: May 2024

This report outlines the JCETD (Joint Cloud-Edge Task Deployment) strategy, aimed at optimizing task deployment and load balancing within joint cloud-edge datacenters. The methodology involves simulating the task deployment process as a deep reinforcement learning endeavor within the cloudedge model. Through continuous exploration and utilization of the system environment, tasks are strategically allocated to ensure optimal performance and load balancing. The ultimate goal is to achieve efficient computing capabilities and overall system equilibrium within the cloud-edge infrastructure. Key Words: Task Deployment, Cloud Scheduling, Load Balancing.
A Comprehensive Survey of Predictive Maintenance Techniques for Aircraft Engines Utilizing the C-MAPSS Dataset
Authors:   Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, VPKBIET, Pathan Muskan
Published: May 2024

The application of deep learning and sophisticated machine learning techniques is driving the rapid advancement of aircraft engine prognostics and predictive maintenance. Remain ing Useful Life (RUL) of aviation engines has been the subject of numerous studies aimed at improving prediction accuracy and efficacy to improve aviation safety and maintenance plans. Innovative approaches and technologies are demonstrated by these projects, which use a variety of methodologies and datasets, including C-MAPSS and N-CMAPSS. Combining feature engi neering, ensemble learning, and deep learning models such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), Long Short-Term Mem ory (LSTM) networks, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and Deep Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks (DBRNNs) is one prominent method. Features are chosen and models are optimized using a variety of methods, including Genetic Algorithms, Recursive Feature Elimination, Lasso, and Feature Importances. In prognostic modeling, the research emphasize the need of interpretability, model adaptability, and measuring uncertainty. Additionally, in order to pinpoint important features and improve model transparency, the study investigates the use of explainable AI techniques such aggregated feature importances with cross-validation (AFICv) and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP). In order to capture prediction uncertainties, the inte gration of Gaussian Processes (GPs) and Bayesian Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is also investigated. This provides insights into uncertainty-aware prognosis and predictive analytics for industrial assets. The development and publication of datasets such as the N-CMAPSS dataset also makes it possible to conduct more comprehensive and realistic assessments of prognostic models under real-world flight conditions, providing useful tools for benchmarking and improving machine learning algorithms in predictive maintenance. All things considered, these research projects highlight current developments and the possibility of combining cutting edge technology to improve system reliability, improve predictive maintenance techniques, and guarantee safer airline operations. Key Words: Aircraft engine, Prognostics, Predictive main tenance, Machine learning, Deep learning, Remaining Useful Life (RUL), Aviation safety, Feature engineering, Ensemble learning, Uncertainty quantification, Explainable AI, Bayesian Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), Gaussian Processes (GPs), N CMAPSS dataset, Real flight conditions, Industrial assets, System reliability, Benchmarking
Travel Itinerary: Travel lookout begins here
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Internet of Things),  Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Shaker G Chandra
Published: May 2024

This research paper aims to develop a mobile application that serves as a straightforward travel guide, enhancing the exploration experience for travellers while simplifying decision-making by providing essential information without unnecessary complexities. The user-friendly design prioritises easy navigation and clear details, ensuring that users can effortlessly access the information they need. The integrated map feature allows users to find their routes effortlessly, while real-time weather updates for destinations help travellers plan accordingly and adapt to changing conditions. Going beyond basic navigation, the app offers valuable insights into popular attractions and cultural events, enriching the travel experience with curated information that highlights the best each destination has to offer. To streamline decision-making further, the app recommends top dining and accommodation options, removing the hassle and uncertainty from choosing where to eat and stay. These recommendations are based on user reviews and ratings, ensuring quality and reliability. In essence, this app is a user-centric tool designed to eliminate the stress associated with travel decisions, making it an invaluable companion for those seeking a straightforward and enriched exploration experience. By focusing on the needs of travellers and leveraging technology to provide timely and relevant information, this mobile application stands out as a practical and essential tool for modern explorers. Key Words: Navigations, Weather, Destination Insights, Accommodations, Dinnings, User Authentication.
Sign Language Detection
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, D. Y. Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, Patil Sayali
Published: May 2024

Sign language serves as the primary mode of communication for millions of individuals worldwide with hearing impairments. Despite its importance, the availability of sign language interpretation services remains limited, contributing to significant communication barriers. To address this challenge, we propose the development of a web application leveraging state-of-the-art deep learning techniques for real-time sign language detection and translation. Key words : Sign language recognition, Gesture recognition, Machine learning algorithms, Human-computer interaction, Hand pose estimation, Image processing
BIKE RIDER SAFETY SYSTEM USING STM 32 MICROCONTROLLER
Authors:   EEE Department Vidya Vikas institute of engineering and technology, M P Prof. Kishore
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on the development of an innovative safety jacket designed for horse riders, high-altitude workers, and particularly two- wheeler riders to mitigate the impact of accidents and enhance life-saving measures. Given the high incidence of road accidents in India, with 499,628 reported in 2010 leading to 134,513 fatalities and over 500,000 injuries, the need for improved safety mechanisms is critical. The proposed safety jacket integrates a micro controller-based system to detect falls and trigger an emergency response, inflating air cushions around the jacket to cushion impacts. Additionally, the system incorporates an alcohol sensor and a helmet detection sensor to ensure the bike starts only if the rider is sober and wearing a helmet. Visibility issues for riders are also addressed, with the jacket featuring turn indicators and other visibility enhancements to alert other road users. The jacket is designed to be water-resistant and washable, ensuring durability and ease of maintenance. The Bike Rider Safety System (BRSS) further enhances safety through real-time monitoring and adaptive response to potential hazards, using accelerometer, gyroscopes, and proximity sensors. The Arduino-based system comprises four main functionalities: helmet and alcohol detection, accident detection, airbag deployment, and live location transmission to authorities. In summary, the smart jacket aims to significantly reduce the risks faced by riders by incorporating advanced technology and a robust design to ensure their safety on the road.
WIRELESS CHARGING FOR ELECTRICAL VEHICLES
Authors:   Vidya Vikas institute of engineering and technology, Tasneem Saba
Published: May 2024

Nowadays Wireless power transmission (WPT) is popular and gaining technology finding its application in various fields. The power is transferred from a source to an electrical load without the need of interconnections. Wireless power Transmission (WPT) is useful to power electrical devices where physical wiring is not possible or inconvenient. The technology uses the principle of mutual inductance. One of the best future applications finds in automotive sector especially in Electrical Vehicles. This project deals with research and development of wireless charging systems for Electric Vehicles using Wireless transmission. The main goal is to transmit power using resonance coupling and to build charging systems. The System deals with AC source, transmission coil, reception coil, converter and electric load which are battery. As Electric Vehicles (EVs) continue to gain popularity as a sustainable transportation solution, the need for efficient charging infrastructure becomes increasingly critical. Wireless charging technology presents a promising solution to address the limitations of traditional plug-in charging systems, offering convenience and flexibility to EV users. This Project explores the concept of wireless EV charging while the vehicle is in motion, also known as dynamic wirelesscharging (DWC). By integrating inductive power transfer (IPT) technology with dynamic charging infrastructure embedded in roadways or dedicated lanes, vehicles can replenish their batteries continuously while in motion, extending their range and reducing the need for frequent stops. Furthermore, DWC has the potential to enhance the feasibility and adoption of EVs in various sectors, including public transportation, logistics, and personal mobility. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of wireless EV charging while the vehicle is inmotion, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects.
Speed Breaker
Authors: Dhenge Ankit R.
Published: May 2024

The growing demand for electrical energy amidst dwindling fossil fuel resources necessitates innovative approaches for sustainable power generation. In response, this study introduces a novel method harnessing the untapped energy from human foot traffic. Leveraging piezoelectric transducers embedded within specially designed tiles, the kinetic energy generated by footstep vibrations is converted into electrical energy. These tiles, strategically placed in high-traffic areas such as crowded pavements or exercise zones, serve as unobtrusive energy harvesters. By utilizing series-parallel connections of piezoelectric transducers, the system maximizes energy extraction efficiency. This approach stands out for its simplicity and cost-effectiveness compared to other methods like electromagnetic generators, offering a promising solution for decentralized power generation. Through the integration of sensors such as rack and pinion, generators, rectifiers, batteries, voltage regulators, and filters, the footstep power generator system ensures smooth energy conversion and storage, enabling the provision of electricity to rural areas and promoting non-conventional energy sources. The system's adaptability to various terrains and its ability to operate independently of climate conditions further underscore its potential as a sustainable energy solution. Keywords: piezoelectric transducers, footstep energy harvesting, sustainable power generation, decentralized energy, renewable energy, kinetic energy conversion, energy harvesting tiles, series-parallel connection, sensor integration, rural electrification.
A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT
Authors: SHALINI1 Dr.P.
Published: May 2024

Employee engagement has emerged as a critical factor influencing organizational success, productivity, and sustainability in today's dynamic business landscape. This research delves into the context of Samvardhana Motherson Reflectec (SMR), aiming to understand the dynamics of employee engagement within the organization. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study examines the conceptual underpinnings of employee engagement, its dimensions, and its impact on organizational outcomes. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observational data, the research explores the current state of employee engagement at SMR, identifying key drivers and barriers. Furthermore, the study investigates the strategies and initiatives implemented by SMR to foster employee engagement and enhance organizational performance. By synthesizing empirical findings with theoretical insights, this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on employee engagement and provides practical recommendations for SMR and similar organizations seeking to optimize their workforce engagement strategies. Keywords: Employee Engagement, Employee Performance, Organisational Performance.
Current status of stakeholders: Electronic National Agriculture Marketing in India
Authors: Das: Imon
Published: May 2024

The majority of farmers in India were unable to obtain timely market information about produce arrivals and prices on specific days at various markets because of a deficient market information system. In addition, the producer's share was quite low due to the vast number of middlemen in the supply chain. In an attempt to address these problems, the Indian government decided to introduce a trading platform where farmers and dealers can readily obtain all the information they need to market their produce. Farmers can easily sell their produce in local or distant markets through the "Electronic National Agriculture Market," an online market platform that also provides them with immediate produce value and a larger share in consumer rupee. Key words: APMC, FPOs, Electronic trading platform.
Decomposing Method for Space-Time Fractional Order PDEs
Authors: Shukur Ahmed , Jaber Ahmed Shawki , RASHEED MOHAMMED , Saidani Tarek
Published: May 2024

Numerical solutions to integer-order differential equations frequently employ decomposition as one of many methods. This paper provides a generalization of integer-order differential equations into fractional order, which is more general, as well as generalizing the decomposing method into the fractional case and then applying it to solve differential equations of fractional order in both space and time. A fractional calculus's theorems and properties to generalize both differential equations and the decomposition method have been utilized. This method to solve different fractional time and space partial differential equations, demonstrating its ability and applicability to various problems have been applied. The method to various cases to highlight its strengths has been used. The graphs and tables of results obtained using Matlab programs have been presented and discussed.
The influence of the layout of shear walls on internal forces and horizontal displacements in an 18-story building
Authors: Lam Thanh Quang Khai
Published: May 2024

High-rise buildings are highly sensitive to horizontal loads. Therefore, any changes made to the arrangement, size, or shape of the shear walls will have significant effects on the strength and performance of the building. In this article, the author conducted an investigation on specific cases: walls located at the corner of the building, walls present in both directions, and reinforced concrete frames. The results of the analysis suggest that changing the placement of walls located at the four corners of the structure will significantly influence the bending moment, shear force, and axial force observed at the base of the columns. At the same time, it also affects the top displacement based on the direction of the main bearing of the structure. The survey results include diagrams showing the bending moment, the shear force, and the axial force in the main frame of the building. These values are then compared with each other at BoC in the main frame. It is evident that the bending moment and shear force values for Case 1 and Case 3 are significantly lower compared to Case 2. This suggests that Case 1 and Case 3 are the most favorable options for calculating and designing the structure of this high-rise building.
Rural tourism: Nurturing prosperity and community resilience
Authors: Tola Amalia , Minga Aldona , Muca Etleva
Published: May 2024

Rural tourism entails visiting rural regions for leisure, recreation and cultural immersion. It is valued for its potential to generate economic opportunities, preserve cultural heritage and conserve natural resources while empowering local communities. It offers potential for economic development by creating employment opportunities and generating income for rural residents through various tourism-related activities. This paper investigates the benefits to local communities of rural tourism development through a comprehensive review and insights from community stakeholders. The research was based on existing literature and employed a survey using a structured questionnaire and rigorous data analysis techniques. The survey included three well-known villages for their tourism experiences in the Korça region located in the southeastern part of Albania. The primary research targeted 200 members of the local communities aiming to analyze their perceptions of the benefits that rural tourism brings to their communities both in terms of income generation and socio-economic benefits. The study revealed that rural tourism has positively contributed to the economic development of these communities through revenue growth, the generation of employment and self-employment opportunities as well as the improvement of infrastructure through the lens of community perspectives. Rural tourism holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable development by offering economic, social and environmental benefits to rural regions. However, careful planning, community involvement and adherence to sustainable tourism principles are required.
An analysis of circuit breaker capacity according to IEC 60909 and IEC 60059 standards at the PT Borneo Alumina Indonesia electrical system
Authors: Hakim Agustino Al , Gianto Rudy , Purwoharjono  , Kurnianto Rudi , Yusuf Ismail
Published: May 2024

At PT Borneo Alumina Indonesia (PT BAI), the D01 Power Distribution System uses circuit breakers (CB) with a current rating capacity of 1250A for both incoming and outgoing 10kV busbars. Replacing outgoing CBs with the same capacity during maintenance leads to unnecessary waste. This study was conducted to examine the appropriate CB capacity as a substitute for the old CBs in the outgoing 10 kV busbars for loads of 10 kV induction motors and transformers so that recommendations can be made to improve efficiency during maintenance on the D01 Power Distribution System. The Electronic Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) 19.0.1 software was used to perform short circuit simulations based on IEC 60909 and load flow simulations, which were then adjusted to IEC 60059 and CB products from Siemens. The results show that we can replace the current Siemens CB, which has a rated breaking current specification of 31.5kA, with 25kA during the maintenance period. We can also replace the rated peak value of 80kA with 63kA, and the rated current of 1250A with 630A. Replacement of CB specifications does not change/modify the switchgear panel because the replacement CB matches the brand, dimensions, and size of the currently installed CB. These findings would also help increase efficiency during maintenance on the D01 Power Distribution System. The discussion includes limitations and recommendations for future research.
Developing linguistic competence for 6th grade students in Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Ha Thi , Nguyen My-Tra Thi , Pham Ha-Xuan Thi , Vu Chi-Linh
Published: May 2024

Developing linguistic competence for junior level students in Vietnam is an emerging issue that needs attention. This paper applies interdisciplinary research methods which are a combination of linguistics and educational sciences. The combination of the questionnaire survey method and class observation is used to evaluate students' language competencies, especially, speaking and listening. The analytical method is used to analyze linguistic skills that are necessary to be created for students during this stage. Developing linguistic competence is considered the most effective means to grow thinking capacity.  The scope of this paper is aimed at sixth grade students specifically surveying their linguistic competence thereby providing an overview of the language development stage for juniors at the secondary school level in Vietnam in general and in Ha Dong district, Hanoi in particular. We conducted a case study by collecting data at two secondary schools in Hanoi city (implementation period of two months: December 2021 and February 2022). According to these factual survey results, we can primarily suggest concrete measures to develop linguistic competence for 6th-grade students in Vietnam. This will also be an information source for reference in completing the Literature textbook series edited according to the new “General Education Program in Literature (2018)” in Vietnam which is in the early stages of being put into use.
Validity of Teaching Animal Media Booklet (Gastropods)
Authors: Rahmayani Rahmayani , Safitri Elza , Abizar Abizar
Published: May 2024

Education is an important element for developing knowledge and forming a person's character. The use of varied learning media has been proven to be able to increase student activity in class. Media in the form of booklets is suitable for Gastropod material which tends to require students to memorize. In Gastropod material, there is a lot of material whose application is difficult to find in life and has very broad learning objects. The aim of this research is to test the validity of the Gastropod booklet as an interesting learning resource that suits students' needs. This research uses the Research Development method with the ADDIE development model, but is only carried out to the Develop stage, namely to the validity stage. The results of this research show that the Gastropod booklet learning media is included in the very valid category. It can be concluded that the booklet teaching media is very valid to use for learning science, animalia material, Gastropod sub-material.
Inventory of Epiphytic Ferns in Tanta Village, Tabalong District, South Kalimantan
Authors: Nisa Hayatun , Mahrudin Mahrudin , Utami Nurul Hidayati
Published: May 2024

The diversity of ferns species is very high, one type of fern that is often found in the forests of Kalimantan is the epiphytic fern. Epiphytic ferns are ferns that attach to host trees which are often found in forests with high humidity. From an ecological perspective, epiphytic ferns in Tanta Village have an important role in the environment, especially river border areas, for example as a place for small animals to live and as producers in the food chain. In terms of its benefits for humans in Tanta Village, people use it as an ornamental plant, medicine, handicraft or food. This research aims to inventory epiphytic ferns in Tanta Village, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. Data collection was obtained using total techniques. The results of the research found that there were 7 types of epiphytic ferns, namely: Davallia denticulata, Asplenium nidus L., Nephrolepis biserrata, Drynaria sparsisora, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Drymoglossum piloselloides, and Microsorum punctatum. From this research it can be concluded that the seven types of epiphytic ferns can be found in the riverbank area of Tanta Village because this area is suitable for supporting the life of epiphytic ferns.
Development of a Popular Scientific Book about Pulai Population Structure (Alstonia scholaris) in the Lake Sari Embun Region, South Kalimantan
Authors: Sari AJ Putri Wulan , Dharmono Dharmono , Kaspul Kaspul
Published: May 2024

Indonesia has high biodiversity, one of the plants that is widely distributed in Indonesia is Pulai (Alstonia scholaris), The Island is used as a traditional medicinal plant. Pulai trees can be found in the Danau Sari Embun area, Tanah Laut Regency and have the potential to be a source of learning, so the results of the Population Structure study are made in the form of a locally based PSB. This research aims to describe the structure of Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) in the Danau Sari Embun area, Tanah Laut Regency, describe the process of developing BIP. Population structure of Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) in the Danau Sari Embun area, Tanah Laut Regency, Describe the feasibility of the population structure of BIP Pulai (Alstonia scholaris). The method used is the RD (Research and Development) research method and the Plomp model. The results obtained by the number of Islands found in the reproduction phase and in the post-reproduction phase, thus showing a picture of the form of Srukpop, namely pot paintings, the PSB about Island Population Structure that was developed was declared very valid. So it can be concluded that PSB teaching materials can be used as teaching materials in the learning process.
Development of a Popular Scientific Book about Sungkai Population Structure (Peronema canescens Jack.)
Authors: Anggraini Heni Wahyu , Dharmono Dharmono , Irianti Riya
Published: May 2024

Science always follows changing times that have an impact on everyday life, including in the field of education. Therefore, education must be carried out effectively in order to create quality education and improve the quality of human resources. A quality education process requires the support of learning media. Based on the results of observations in the Plant Ecology course, the use of learning media is still lacking so students find it difficult to understand material about population structure. Popular Scientific Books (PSB) are a form of learning media that can be developed to solve existing problems. This research aims to determine the feasibility of a PSB regarding the population structure of Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) in the Danau Sari Embun area, Tanah Laut Regency. The method used is the research and development method of the 5 phase PLOM model. The results of this research are based on the validity test of learning media which is in the very valid category and in the readability test the students received very good criteria. So it can be concluded that the learning media Popular Scientific Books can be used as a learning media.
Services for a sustainable lifestyle targeting Generation Z
Authors: Qinghua Yu , Tao Zhu
Published: May 2024

This research proposes a service design named "Retrend" with the purpose of promoting sustainable lifestyles by assisting Generation Z users in discovering vintage clothing within their local communities. Through desk research and interview methods for data collection, interviews were conducted with subjects to clarify the daily life needs of Generation Z users. During the data analysis phase, this study generated three personas while examining the users' requirements. In the development stage, user journey maps and user flows were implemented and tested to identify timelines from both customer and buyer perspectives. Finally, prototypes were constructed and subjected to low-fidelity and high-fidelity testing to assess their feasibility. The findings drawn from this research indicate that Retrend effectively caters to users' motivation for purchasing eco-friendly clothes aligned with their ethical values. The Retrend service enables personalized experiences, enhances trust and transparency, guides sustainable consumption behavior, and provides an improved service experience. The practical implications lie in the fact that Retrend service can advocate for a healthy and environmentally-friendly lifestyle by providing people with various environmental knowledge and skills, monitoring real-time environmental conditions, offering social functions so that individuals can better understand the cause of environmental protection and actively participate in it, thereby jointly promoting environmental development.
Efficiency of agricultural cooperative members in Indonesia
Authors: Sunarwibowo Rizki Pratomo , Ikhsan Mohamad , Mahi Benedictus Raksaka , Wisana I Dewa Gede Karma
Published: May 2024

The food supply's stability is dependent on agricultural productivity, which, in turn, depends on the efficient allocation of production factors. This research analyzes the efficiency levels of rice farmers and compares them between cooperative members and non-members. This study quantifies efficiency using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method and compares the results using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, which addresses potential selectivity bias resulting from the decision to join a cooperative. The study utilizes cross-sectional data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) of the Republic of Indonesia, encompassing a sample size of 68,204 farmers. The analysis reveals that the majority of farmers operate within an efficiency range of 70-90 percent. Cooperative members exhibit higher efficiency levels than non-members, with a 2.1 percent increase during the wet season and a 3.1 percent increase during the dry season. Researchers employ an alternative method, coarsened exact matching (CEM), to ensure robustness, yielding results similar to the PSM model. This research provides evidence that cooperatives have the potential to significantly enhance agricultural efficiency. The findings underscore the importance of developing and supporting cooperatives to enhance the overall welfare of farmers.
The implications of population ageing on economic growth: Evidence of nonlinearity
Authors: Lobo Charmaine Savia Siqueira , Falleiro Savio da Piedade
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of population ageing on economic growth, a topic that has received inconclusive results. The Fixed Effects Model is used to analyze 5-year non-overlapping growth regressions on a panel of 72 nations spanning three decades. Data is extracted from the World Bank database and Penn World Tables. Findings indicate that in the short-run, population ageing positively impacts economic growth; nevertheless, a nonlinear relationship is observed in the long-run, highlighting the existence of a threshold. The findings remain robust upon proxying the old-age dependency ratio for the share of the elderly. The study identifies the threshold below (above) at which ageing populations impact economic growth positively (negatively). Marginal Effects support our findings, establishing that the detrimental effect on growth intensifies as ageing deepens. The research also identifies a notable nonlinear relationship between economic growth and population ageing in developed economies. Policy implications such as promoting healthy ageing, longer working years, encouraging savings, enhancing productivity via capital investments, and contributions of experienced older workers to the knowledge economy will facilitate reaping the silver demographic dividend and will help nations cope with and minimize the adverse impact of population ageing on economic growth.
Effective risk management practice in Somalia Islamic banks
Authors: Barre Galad Mohamed
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to assess the degree to which Somali banks use effective risk management practices (RMPs). Furthermore, the study has explored the level of risk management practices using the original components of risk management aspects, including understanding risk and risk management, risk assessment and analysis, risk identification, risk monitoring, and credit risk analysis, with the addition of perceived trust to the original constructs of risk management aspects. The study is based on a questionnaire survey of 423 banking staff from 13 licensed banks in Somalia. The researcher adopted a questionnaire that covers six aspects of risk management with perceived trust: understanding risk and risk management, risk assessment and analysis, risk identification, risk monitoring, credit risk analysis, perceived trust, and RMPs. This study found that the staff of Somalia have a clear understanding of risk and risk management and have efficient risk identification, risk assessment, risk monitoring, credit risk analysis, perceived trust, and risk management practices. In addition, the respondents also recognize that the banks do not have deposit insurance, which is a risk to the depositors if the bank goes bankrupt. The paper’s findings are limited to the risk management aspects of the bank industry, with additional perceived trust in Somalia. The paper explores the risk management practice in the Somali bank sector. The results can be used as valuable feedback for improving risk management practice in the banking industry. This study is the first research attempt to investigate risk management practice with additional trust.
Audit quality and accrual quality: Evidence from Saudi -listed firms
Authors: Alduraywish Yaqoub
Published: May 2024

This research explores the association between audit quality and accrual quality. Drawing upon the self-interest perspective, previous theories on ownership and management contend that when shareholders are excluded from managerial responsibilities, it grants greater power to management, leading to potential benefits for themselves rather than prioritizing the interests of the business ownership, thereby influencing the firm's performance. The literature preceding this study suggests that auditors play a significant role in mitigating conflicts of interest between management and shareholders. By providing assurance engagement services, auditors positively impact the firm's accruals. This paper posits the hypothesis that clients benefiting from higher audit quality experience fewer agency problems, resulting in improved accrual quality for the firm. To test this hypothesis, the study collects data from the financial reports of non-financial Saudi firms listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange for the fiscal years spanning from 2015 to 2019. The paper employs various regression models, including random effect (RE) and Probit models, to assess accrual quality. Consistent with the expected outcomes, this paper reveals that firms audited by the Big four exhibit an accruals ratio of approximately 27.9% compared to firms audited by non-Big Four auditors. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by showing the role of audit in the Middle East context in increasing firm’s accruals, and investors can use the findings of this paper in their investment decisions.
Inflationary threshold effect on the nexus between economic growth and public debt: The case of Asian countries
Authors: Thanh Huyen Nguyen , Thu Trang Tran Thi , Thanh Huyen Le
Published: May 2024

Our study is carried out in an attempt to investigate the causal relationship between economic growth and public debt under the influence of inflation in Asia. To achieve our research objectives, we used a threshold regression model and data collected from Asian countries from 2010 to 2021. The study results show that there is an inflation threshold of 10.4907% at which the influence of inflation changes and the increase in public debt harms the growth rate. Additionally, regression results on the relationship between public debt and economic growth show different results between developed and developing countries. The research results confirm previous researchers' theories and empirical findings on the relationship between inflation and economic growth. In addition, government spending negatively impacts economic growth, while population growth, capital stock, and trade scale positively impact economic growth. Studying the relationship between economic growth and public debt can provide a helpful reference for Asian policymakers. Accordingly, governments should pay special attention to maintaining moderate inflation and limiting public debt to promote economic growth.
The impact of trade reforms on industry wage premia in Pakistan: A sectoral perspective
Authors: Chen Zhihong , Ul-Haq Jabbar , Zafar Naeem Uz , Visas Hubert
Published: May 2024

Pakistan witnessed significant trade liberalization reforms between 1988 and 2005. This study investigates the impact of Pakistan's significant trade liberalization policies in 1988 on industry wage premia. We use an estimation strategy that takes into account dispersion in sector wage premiums and trade reforms over time and across sectors. We employed the wage premium approach and Restricted Least Squares to obtain sectoral wage premia. We used weighted least squares and two-stage-least-squares (2SLS) to explore the liaison between trade reforms and sector wage premia. Contrary to previous empirical studies on less developed economies, our findings reveal a significant and resilient correlation between changes in trade reforms and fluctuations in sector wage premiums during the liberalisation period of 1990-2005. Our findings are consistent with short- and medium-run trade models in which workers are immobile across industries or, on the other hand, with the presence of sector rents that are reduced when trade policy is liberalized.
Unveiling influential factors in the capital asset pricing model: A novel approach utilizing Taguchi method
Authors: Dar Amir Ahmad , Malhotra Mehak , Alam Naushad , Farooqi Ataur Rahman , Khan Mohammad Shahfaraz
Published: May 2024

This study uses a Design of Experiment (DOE) approach and the Taguchi method to examine how different factors affect the expected return within the framework of the CAPM. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a financial framework that forecasts an investment’s expected return by taking into account its systematic risk. This model factors elements like the risk-free rate, market risk premium, and beta to ascertain the expected return for a given asset. Typically, historical market data and financial analysis provide the inputs for CAPM. This method, frequently used in manufacturing and engineering, is modified for use in the financial domain to evaluate the importance of variables like beta, market risk premium, and the risk-free rate. The research identifies the factors that influence investment performance and shows how much each factor contributes to the expected returns. It is possible to ascertain each factor's percentage contribution to the expected return through statistical analysis. This work improves knowledge of CAPM and creates opportunities for improving investment decision-making processes by bridging the gap between financial theory and experimental design. Financial practitioners can achieve more reliable and accurate investment return forecasts by incorporating DOE techniques into their existing analytical toolkit.
Rare and unexplored traditional waste food processing and fermentation methods of the meitei-pangal community of Manipur: A northeastern state of India
Authors: Shahni Khalida , Rajashekar Yallappa , Haobam Banaraj , Rajan Jay Prakash , Singh Kshetrimayum Birla
Published: May 2024

This research examines rare and unexplored traditional waste food processing and fermentation methods. Processed waste foods as well as fermented foods represent an important segment of the most commonly consumed foodstuffs and the nutrient suppliers of the living populations across the world. Soibum, hawaijar, ngari, hentak, and yongchak are some of the most commonly consumed processed waste foods and fermented foods among the natives of Manipur. To our knowledge, no proper compilation of traditional methods of waste food processing and the fermentation processes of the meitei-pangal community of Manipur has been carried out yet. In this study, the traditional methods of processing waste foods and fermentation steps of foodstuffs commonly consumed by the Meitei pangal community of Manipur are surveyed and recorded for the first time. The results of the study reveal that six unique and diverse categories and ways of processing waste foods and the fermentation of food products locally known as Yongchak, chakring, ngari, hentak, soibum, and hawaijar were practiced by every family of the meitei-pangal community of Manipur using local stinky beans (Parkia sp.), cooked rice-based products, local fish (Puntius sp.), bamboo shoots (Bambusa sp.), and soybean products. The study will offer a new understanding of the waste food processing and fermentation processes of some of the most commonly consumed foodstuffs by the natives of the northeastern states of India, with numerous health advantages for prospective future drug discoveries and nutraceutical applications.
The residual effects of colonialism on transformation in Africa: A post-colonial study of Ayi Kwei Armah’s the Beautyful Ones are not yet Born
Authors: Montle Malesela Edward
Published: May 2024

The political transition from absolutism to democratization in African societies forced many countries on the continent to redress the past colonial rulership’s wrongs and destruction. After taking reigns from the colonialists, the democratic leadership in various parts of Africa set out to rebuild the continent. This initiative meant rehabilitating the African continent and liberating her from colonial identities. It is during the colonial period that severe conditions were imposed upon African natives and their aboriginal identities marginalized. Today, under autonomous incumbency, Africa is still menaced by colonial vestiges that hinder it from progressing socio-politically and economically. Thus, this qualitative paper aims to probe the colonial legacies in today’s Africa and their impact on the continent’s transformation from a literary perspective. This noted, Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born serves as a primary source of data and a lens through which the residual effects of colonialism on transformation in the African continent are scrutinized. The paper found that the continent is still grappling with socio-political and economic maladies such as inequality, poverty, unemployment and corruption due to the colonial influence that is still predominant in post-colonial Africa among other causes.