bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF GIS MADRASAH DINIYAH TAKMILIYAH (MDTA) IN ASAHAN REGENCY
Authors: Wardani Kiki Ayu , Efendi Bachtiar , Sumantri Sumantri
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah as an Islamic educational institution which is under the auspices of the Ministry of Religion. The problem that has occurred so far is that it is difficult to obtain information about facilities and mapping regarding the locations of MDTA schools that are spread across Asahan, still using a manual system in providing information on MDTA schools. The purpose of this research is to build a geographic information system application that can help the community find the location of MDTA schools in Asahan District, obtain information about MDTA facilities, can assist in adding data on MDTA school locations, and update data on MDTA schools. This study uses a qualitative research method by explaining more about the analysis related to MDTA, data collection techniques through observation and documentation. Based on the research results obtained, the application of a geographic information system to determine the location of MDTA can display information and points of location of MDTA in Asahan District easily and accurately. So that it can be concluded, the geographic information system that was built can make it easier for the Ministry of Religion and the community to search for information on MDTA locations in Asahan District.            Keywords: geographic information system; madrasah diniyah takmiliyah; information system. Abstrak : Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah sebagai lembaga pendidikan islam yang dinaungin Kementrian Agama. Permasalahan yang terjadi selama ini sulit mendapatkan informasi mengenai fasilitas dan pemetaan mengenai lokasi sekolah MDTA yang tersebar di Asahan, masih menggunakan sistem manual dalam memberi informasi sekolah MDTA. Tujuan penelitian ini membangun aplikasi sistem informasi geografis dapat membantu masyarakat dalam mencari lokasi sekolah MDTA di Kabupaten Asahan, mendapatkan informasi mengenai fasilitas MDTA , dapat membantu dalam menambahkan data lokasi-lokasi sekolah MDTA, serta melakukan update data mengenai sekolah MDTA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan lebih menjelaskan analisis berkaitan dengan MDTA, teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, penerapan sistem informasi geografis untuk mengetahui lokasi MDTA dapat menampilkan informasi dan titik lokasi MDTA di Kabupaten Asahan dengan mudah dan akurat. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, sistem informasi geografis yang dibangun dapat mempermudah Kementrian Agama dan masyarakat dalam melakukan pencarian informasi lokasi MDTA di Kabupaten Asahan. Kata kunci: sistem informasi geografis; madrasah diniyah takmiliyah; sistem informasi
DETERMINE THE MATERIAL INVENTORY FORECASTING METHOD BASED ON THE SMALLEST ERROR
Authors: Gunarti Triana Sri , Tujni Baibul , Solikin Imam
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The research was conducted at TB Bina Karya which is engaged in the sale and purchase of building materials. This research was conducted to predict building materials for the next period. The forecasting methods used in this study are single moving average (SMA), weighted moving average (WMA), and single exponential smoothing (SES). This study also discusses the error calculation of the forecasting method, the forecasting method which produces the smallest error value is used for making decisions in purchasing materials. The purpose of this research is to speed up the decision making for purchasing material inventory. Another goal is to produce more accurate forecasts by comparing 3 (three) methods.            Keywords: forecasting; single moving average; weighted moving average; and single exponential smoothing  Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan pada TB Bina Karya yang bergerak dibidang penjualan dan pembelian bahan material bangunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk forecasting bahan material bangunan periode selanjutnya. Metode forecasting yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu single moving average (SMA), weighted moving average (WMA), dan single exponential smooting (SES). Penelitian ini juga membahasan perhitungan error dari metode forecasting, metode forecasting yang menghasilkan nilai error terkecil digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan dalam pembelian bahan material. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mempercepat dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian persediaan bahan material. Tujuan lainnya adalah agar menghasilkan forecasting lebih akurat dengan membandingkan 3 (tiga) metode. Kata kunci: forecasting; rata-rata pergerakan tunggal; rata-rata pergerakan tertimbang; dan pemulusan eksponensial tunggal
Rancang Bangun Sistem Manajemen Layanan Pemeriksaan Air Berbasis Web di UPTD Laboratorium Kesehatan Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Sepri Domi , Dewi Sandra
Published: October 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk membuat sistem manajemen pemeriksaan air berbasis web pada UPTD Laboratorium Kesehatan Kota Bukittinggi. Pembutan sistem ini dilakukan agar proses bisnis pada layanan pemeriksaan air yang dilakukan oleh laboratorium dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien mulai dari proses pemesanan layanan pemeriksaan sampai dengan hasil laporan pemeriksaan. Proses pembuatan sistem pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) - Waterative Model. Tahapan perancangan dimulai dari requirement analysis, Modeling, Implementation, sampai dengan testing. Hasil pengujian functional dan non-functional sistem menujukkan sistem dapat bekerja secara optimal di dalam membantu proses manajemen pemeriksaan air di UPTD Laboratorium Kesehatan Kota Bukittinggi.
COMPARISON OF LEXRANK ALGORITHM AND MAXIMUM MARGINAL RELEVANCE IN SUMMARY OF INDONESIAN NEWS TEXT IN ONLINE NEWS PORTALS
Authors: Tuhpatussania Siti , Utami Ema , Hartanto Anggit Dwi
Published: October 2023

The presence of online media has shifted print media for news readers to get information that is fast, accurate, and easy to access. However, the problem arises because the length of the news text makes the reader bored to search for the news as a whole so the news that is obtained will be less accurate. For this reason, it is necessary to have an automatic text summary that was raised in this study as well as to compare the Maximum Marginal Relevance (MMR) algorithm and the LexRank algorithm to the summary of Indonesian news texts on the online news portal graphanews. com. the results of the comparison test of text summarization using f-measure , precision and recall show the performance of text summarization with the MMR algorithm is better where f-measure is 91.65%, precision is 91.08% and recall is 92.23%.
MAPPING LOCATIONS AND SHORTEST ROUTE OF TOURISM OBJECTS IN CENTRAL LOMBOK USING GIS-BASED A-STAR ALGORITHM
Authors: Muslim Rudi , Hidayatullah Beni Ari , Imran Bahtiar , Yani Ahmad , Salman Salman
Published: October 2023

Central Lombok tourism is a tourism that foreign and domestic tourists often visit. There are many tourist objects offered by the Central Lombok Government, such as waterfall tours, beach tours, traditional village tours, cultural tours, and Pertamina Mandalika International Street Circuit. However, there are many tourist objects, and not all tourists know the location of these tourist objects. Tourists often experience constraints, are the location of tourist objects that is not quite right, it is still difficult to determine the shortest route to the location, and the lack of complete information about existing tourist objects, which can hinder the journey of tourists to the destination location. This study aims to map the location and shortest route of tourism objects in Central Lombok using an Android-based Geographic Information System by applying the A-Star algorithm. The results of this study are to develop an Android-based Geographic Information System or GIS by applying the star algorithm to Central Lombok tourism objects. So that the mapping of the location and information of tourist objects and obtain the search for the shortest route to tourist objects. The A-Star algorithm uses heuristic principles to find the shortest route to a tourism object and is optimal in finding the shortest route to tourism objects
DIAGNOSE OF MENTAL ILLNESS USING FORWARD CHAINING AND CERTAINTY FACTOR
Authors: Anindita Marcheilla Trecya , Pristyanto Yoga , Sismoro Heri , Nurmasani Atik , Nugraha Anggit Ferdita
Published: October 2023

The prevalence of mental disorders in Indonesia is increasingly significant, as seen from the 2018 Riskesdas data. Riskesdas records mental, emotional health problems (depression and anxiety) as much as 9.8%. This shows an increase when compared to the 2013 Riskesdas data of 6%. Based on these data, it can be said that many people still suffer from mental disorders. Meanwhile, the number of medical personnel, medicines and public treatment facilities for people with mental disorders is still limited. In addition, the lack of public awareness, concern and knowledge about mental health causes a lack of public interest in consulting a psychologist, so people tend to self-diagnose. One solution for self-diagnosis is to use an expert system. This study developed an expert system using the forward chaining method and certainty factor. Based on the research conducted, the results are as follows. First, the expert-based system that has been developed can help provide the results of a diagnosis that is carried out before there are complaints and will be detected early by efforts to increase awareness of the prevention of mental illness and reduce the tendency to self-diagnose. Second, applying the forward chaining method and certainty factor to this expert system can produce an accuracy rate of 95.918%. An expert has also validated these results; in this study, the expert was a psychologist at a hospital in Yogyakarta.
Oceanic migration routes and behaviour of the New Zealand longfin eel Anguilla dieffenbachii
Authors: Franklin PA , Jellyman D , Baker C , Birnie-Gauvin K , Jellyman P , Aarestrup K
Published: October 2023

Delineating oceanic migration routes of adult anguillid eels is essential for characterising threats to this crucial stage in their reproductive life cycle. We tagged 20 female migrant (silver) New Zealand longfin eels Anguilla dieffenbachii with pop-up satellite archival tags, releasing 10 on the west coast of the North Island and 10 on the east coast of the South Island. Data retrieved from 12 of the tags deployed were used to reconstruct the migratory behaviour and pathways of the eels in the ocean. No tags reached their programmed release date, with the average deployment duration being 35.6 d (range 12-86 d). Of the 12 tags that returned data, 4 showed clear signs that they had been predated on, the first evidence of oceanic predation of this species. Eight eels commenced diel vertical migration following release, with eels occupying deeper water during daylight hours and shallower waters at night. Reconstruction of migratory pathways indicate an overall northerly trajectory from release sites, with some lateral movement also observed. Our study provides the first evidence of migrating eels from both the east and west coasts of New Zealand converging in a region of open ocean in the South Fiji Basin. This strengthens evidence for the hypothesised spawning location being situated somewhere between Fiji and New Caledonia. Future tagging efforts should focus on catchments with a direct ‘line of sight’ to the Fiji Basin (e.g. the Northland and Bay of Plenty regions) that minimise the time eels spend in the near coastal zone.
Opportunistic sightings from fisheries surveys inform habitat suitability for northern bottlenose whales Hyperoodon ampullatus and sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus in Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, Canadian Arctic
Authors: Davidson ER , Ferguson SH , Higdon JW , Treble MA
Published: October 2023

Knowledge of spatial habitat patterns is critical for understanding the ecology of cetaceans and informing conservation efforts. However, this can be difficult to obtain for species that live in deep, offshore Arctic waters where they are not easily observed. We investigated habitat suitability for 2 cetacean species, northern bottlenose whaleHyperoodon ampullatusand sperm whalePhyseter macrocephalus, in Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, eastern Canadian Arctic. Presence locations were obtained from a unique marine mammal sightings data set where observations were opportunistically recorded during annual government-led fisheries surveys (1999-2017). Environmental variable data were used as predictors in presence-only habitat suitability modelling in Maxent software. A total of 12 sperm whales were observed at 9 unique locations, and 282 northern bottlenose whales were observed at 66 unique locations. The best habitat suitability model for sperm whale (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72) and for northern bottlenose whale (AUC = 0.88) indicated higher suitability for both species in the central portion of the study area; higher suitability for sperm whales was also present in the southern part of the study area. A future projections scenario using environmental data from 2021 forecasted an increase in suitability in northern regions for both species. Post-model comparisons identified significant relationships between survey effort and habitat suitability, and squid biomass and habitat suitability for both species, although the variance explained by these models was low. We discuss the importance of monitoring cetacean range expansion of temperate whales in the Arctic and how this could lead to shifts in ecosystem dynamics and increased conflict with commercial fisheries.
Age structure of natural versus hatchery-origin endangered Chinook salmon and implications for fisheries management in California
Authors: Chen EK , Satterthwaite WH , Kormos BJ , Johnson RC , Phillis CC , Carlson SM
Published: October 2023

Maturation schedules shape the age structure of a population and influence productivity and exposure to fishing. Fish cultivated and raised in artificial environments such as hatcheries may mature at different ages compared to their natural-origin counterparts. We evaluated whether endangered Sacramento River winter-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha produced in a conservation hatchery had different maturation schedules compared to natural-origin fish, and how any differences affected their exposure to, and impact from, the ocean salmon fishery. Using coded-wire tags collected from hatchery fish in the ocean and in-river fisheries and on the spawning grounds, and scales collected from natural-origin spawner carcasses, we reconstructed the life history of hatchery and natural-origin cohorts from 2002-2015 brood years. Hatchery fish had similar age-2 maturation rates but higher age-3 maturation rates compared to natural-origin fish, resulting in fewer age-4 individuals and an overall more truncated age structure. Because natural-origin winter-run Chinook salmon were more likely to remain at sea until age 4, they were exposed to fishing for an additional year and experienced greater reduction in escapement. Compared to natural-origin males, hatchery-origin males were much less likely to return at an older age, possibly because sexual selection that is occurring on the spawning grounds is not occurring to the same extent in the hatchery. Identifying how reproductive maturation differs across sources, sex, and life histories is critical to understanding how fisheries can disproportionately impact subsets of a population and affect its long-term population dynamics and sustainability.
Characterisation of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 10-Year Experience
Authors: Dzebu Andrew Sefenu , odríguez Blanco Suilbert , Aguilar Medina Jose Manuel
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Coronary intervention is a therapeutic method for acute coronary syndrome.

Objectives: Characterise patients with acute coronary syndrome treated by percutaneous coronary intervention.

Method: Analytical, observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional study of 1,469 patients with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, treated with percutaneous coronary intervention at the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, Havana, Cuba, between 2010–2019.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.1±10.6 years, 72% were male, and 68.3% had acute coronary syndrome without persistent ST-segment elevation. The commonest risk factor was hypertension (69%). Radial access was used in 75.0% of procedures, and 82.0% had a single occluded epicardial coronary artery (42.4% anterior descending artery, 29.7% right coronary artery). One (63.3%) bare metal stent was implanted in 70.7% of patients, with a 96.0% angiographic success rate. There were complications in 1.1% of cases. Diabetes was significantly associated with the failure of the procedure.

Conclusions: Most of the patients were middle-aged, with hypertension and a diagnosis of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, where the most frequently treated artery is the left anterior descending artery, and the radial artery is the most commonly used vascular access route with an elevated number of successful procedures. The presence of diabetes is significantly associated with the failure of the procedure.
ESC 2023 Abstract Highlights
Authors: EMJ
Published: October 2023

The following selected highlights showcase intriguing and relevant abstracts presented at the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress 2023, which were centred around congenital heart disease.
Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome: Challenges in Diagnosis – Interviews with Two Key Opinion Leaders
Authors: George Juliet
Published: October 2023

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome that can be challenging to identify due to its heterogeneous and evolving presentation. During interviews conducted by EMJ in July and August 2023, Karen Keough, a child neurologist specialising in paediatric refractory epilepsy at Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Round Rock, USA, and Rhys Thomas, an adult neurologist specialising in epilepsy (leading on learning disability and genetic testing) at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK, and Newcastle University, UK, gave their informed opinions on the challenges of diagnosing LGS. The experts spoke about the characteristic features of LGS, and how its gradual evolution from childhood onset can impede diagnosis. In particular, the issues around diagnosing LGS in adulthood, after considerable disease evolution and against a background of uncertain/incomplete medical history, were discussed. The experts also considered the 2022 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) position paper for the definition of epilepsy syndromes in childhood, and its potential impact for directing the diagnosis of LGS. Keough and Thomas concluded by describing how raised awareness, vigilance, and support in diagnosis could help to optimise treatment and readjust the goals for the management of adults and children with LGS.
Efektifitas Ekstrak Serai (Cymbopogon nardus L) Dan Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi) Terhadap Kesintasan Telur Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata L)
Authors: Amyranti Mutia , Agustine Dine , Maftukhah Siti , Artanti Maulidya Dwi
Published: October 2023

Keong mas merupakan hama yang mengganggu hasil tani dari pertanian. Hama keong mas dapat dikendalikan dengan pestisida berupa moluskisida. Pada penggunaan pestisida menyebabkan kerusakan pada lingkungan dan kesehatan para petani. Dengan mengurangi efek residu yang dihasilkan pada penggunaan pestisida dibutuhkan alternatif untuk pengendalian hama keong mas seperti pemanfaatan bahan alam yaitu dari tanaman serai dan daun belimbing wuluh. Tanaman serai (Cymbopogon nardus L) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai senyawa bioaktif seperti sitronela sedangkan belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi) mengandung flavonoid, tanin dan saponin sebagai senyawa aktif. Keong mas yang digunakan adalah keong mas yang berukuran besar dan tua dengan ciri cangkang berwarna kuning kehitaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektifitas pencampuran ekstrak serai dan daun belimbing wuluh terhadap kesintasan telur keong mas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan merendam telur keong mas menggunakan campuran ekstrak serai dan daun belimbing wuluh dengan konsentrasi (%w/v) sebesar 0%, 15%, 25% dan 50%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencampuran ekstrak serai dan daun belimbing wuluh yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan kesintasan telur keong mas adalah konsentrasi 50% dengan nilai kesintasan sebesar 100% pada kondisi yang paling optimum selama 14 hari. 

Kata Kunci : Kesintasan, telur keong mas, serai, daun belimbing wuluh
Perancangan Tata Letak Toko Retail Mandirimart di Kota Bogor
Authors: Hofipah Opi , Muhammad Adriel Nouval , Fidelia Indi , Andrian Alfin , Kamil Bariz Insan
Published: October 2023

Tata letak merupakan suatu hal yang mendasar untuk tercapainya efisiensi, sehingga dapat membantu suatu perusahaan menetapkan daya saing perusahaan dalam menentukan fleksibilitas, kapasitas, proses juga kualitas kerja, kontak dengan pembeli dan citra perusahaan. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang sudah dilakukan bahwa ada yang beberapa yang perlu diperbaiki dalam segi tata letak. Seperti kurang nya beberapa bagian yang cukup penting untuk berada dalam  toko retail sehingga menyebabkan  ketidaksesuaian display produk, sehingga dirasa tidak efisien maka dari itu diperlukan perencanaan ulang terhadap toko Mandirimart menggunakan metode analisis Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan (TCR) Total Closeness Rating maka didapatkan hasil tertinggi yaitu kasir sebesar 169 berupa keterangan A yang berarti kedekatan absolut atau sangat penting. Metode analisis tersebut digunakan pada penelitian ini dikarenakan dapat mengetahui hubungan dan keterkaitan dari suatu ruangan ke ruangan lainnya, juga mempermudah untuk mengambil pilihan atau keputusan yang tepat pada layout solution.

 

Kata Kunci : Tata Letak, ARC, TCR
Indonesian Students’ Motivation to Pursue Tertiary Education in Japan
Authors: Umoro Anisa Ledy
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to investigate the motivations of Indonesian students to pursue tertiary education in Japan. Investigating the experiences and perspectives of five Indonesian students, collected through in-dept interview, pursuing a degree program in Japan, this study argued that academic factors alone proved insufficient in capturing a comprehensive picture of students' motivation. The findings revealed that while academic motivation remained as an important driving force, socio-cultural factors contributed heavily to maintaining the students’ interest towards Japan. Interestingly, the findings also revealed that the students’ consideration to continue study in Japan was heavily influenced by routine and seemingly mundane matters namely, day-to-day living experience, such as the tolerance exhibited by Japanese society towards religious practices, the geographical proximity, and safety concerns, rather than being primarily driven by academic ambitions. Thus, to gain comprehensive students’ motivations in pursuing higher education abroad, it is necessary to contextualize it within a broader socio-cultural background.
Keigo Learning in Building Omotenashi no Kokoro through a Communicative Language Teaching Approach
Authors: Sari Christine Dian Permata , Kastuti Teti Indriati
Published: October 2023

In building interpersonal relationships through omotenashi no kokoro (Excellent Service), Keigo is a crucial aspect to consider when communicating in Japanese. Keigo, both in terms of grammar and its usage concept, is quite complicated. Therefore, the role of instructors in delivering Keigo learning materials is expected to motivate students to improve their communication skills while mastering the art of creating interpersonal connections. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is chosen as the teaching method. This research aims to provide an alternative teaching experience focusing on omotenashi no kokoro. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research subjects are students of the Japanese Language Program at Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta (UTY) taking the hospitality course. The research is conducted through observation by analyzing CLT-based learning activities using three steps: mechanical practice, meaningful practice, and communicative practice. The study results indicate that with the CLT method, students can use Keigo through word or phrase repetition, understand the meaning of words and expressions in sentences, and freely actualize themselves through improvisation and exploration of conversational contexts. A new finding from this research is that the CLT teaching method is effective when applied to the hospitality course, emphasizing building interpersonal relationships through omotenashi no kokoro.
Review of foreign scientific publications
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2023

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Analisis Minimalisasi Biaya Antibiotik Pada Pasien Pneumonia Di RSUD Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin Periode Januari-Desember 2021
Authors: Agustina Desy , Aryzki Saftia , Rahman Subhannur
Published: October 2023

Latar belakang:Pneumonia merupakan infeksi parenkim paru akut yang menjadi penyakit penyebab kematian kedua pada anak setelah diare. Biaya pengobatan antibiotik pada pneumonia anak pada tahun 2015 diperkirkan US$109 juta pertahun. Perbedaan biaya pada antibiotik serta biaya lainnya yang dikeluarkan pasien menyebabkan perlunya analisis farmakoekonomi dengan metode analisis minimalisasi biaya

Tujuan:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui terapi antibiotik yang minimal pada pasien pneumonia balita di RSUD Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin antara ampicillin dan ceftriaxon .

Metode:Penelitan retrospektif dengan rancangan penelitian Cross Sectional melalui rekam medik dan rincian pembiayaan pasien pada periode Januari - Desember 2021. Analisis data statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Independent T-Test dan Mann Whitney. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian yaitu sebesar 33 pasien pneumonia pada balita dengan usia 0-10 tahun

Hasil:Hasil penelitan untuk rata-rata total biaya perawatan pasien selama rawat inap dengan karakteristik biaya pasien meliputi biaya obat, biaya rawat inap, biaya visite dokter, biaya konsultasi, biaya pelayanan gizi, biaya tindakan keperawatn dan biaya penunjang lainnya adalah Rp 1.872.469 untuk ampicillin dan Rp 1.709.564 untuk ceftraixon dengan nilai p < 0.05 untuk biaya obat yang berarti ada perbedaan signifikan sedangkan biaya lainnya memiliki p > 0.05 yang memiliki arti tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara kedua obat tersebut

Kesimpulan:Terapi antibiotik yang minimal pada pengobatan pneumonia anak rawat inap adalah ceftriaxone dengan rata-rata biaya Rp 1.709.564 dibandingjan engan ampicilim yaitu dengan total rata-rata Rp 1.872.469 dan terdapat perbedaan biaya yang signifikan dianatara kedua obat tersebut.

 

Kata Kunci:Ampicilin, Analisis Minimalisasi Biaya, Ceftriaxon, Pneumonia Balita
Global role of IGF2BP1 in controlling the expression of Wnt/β-catenin-regulated genes in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Singh Vikash , Walter Vonn , Elcheva Irina , Imamura Kawasawa Yuka , Spiegelman Vladimir S.
Published: October 2023

Graphical Abstract

Exploring the post-transcriptional regulation of three categories of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling target genes by IGF2BP1. Created with BioRender.com.
The causal relationship between air pollution, obesity, and COVID-19 risk: a large-scale genetic correlation study
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Wen Jie , Wan Xin , Luo Peng
Published: October 2023

Objective

Observational evidence reported that air pollution is a significant risk element for numerous health problems, such as obesity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but their causal relationship is currently unknown. Our objective was to probe the causal relationship between air pollution, obesity, and COVID-19 and to explore whether obesity mediates this association.

Methods

We obtained instrumental variables strongly correlated to air pollutants [PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)], 9 obesity-related traits (abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, hip circumference, waist circumference, obesity class 1-3, visceral adipose tissue volume), and COVID-19 phenotypes (susceptibility, hospitalization, severity) from public genome-wide association studies. We used clinical and genetic data from different public biological databases and performed analysis by two-sample and two-step Mendelian randomization.

Results

PM2.5 genetically correlated with 5 obesity-related traits, which obesity class 1 was most affected (beta = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.11 - 0.65, p = 6.31E-3). NO2 genetically correlated with 3 obesity-related traits, which obesity class 1 was also most affected (beta = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.055 - 0.61, p = 1.90E-2). NOx genetically correlated with 7 obesity-related traits, which obesity class 3 was most affected (beta = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.42-1.90, p = 2.10E-3). Almost all the obesity-related traits genetically increased the risks for COVID-19 phenotypes. Among them, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and obesity class 1 and 2 mediated the effects of air pollutants on COVID-19 risks (p < 0.05). However, no direct causal relationship was observed between air pollution and COVID-19.

Conclusion

Our study suggested that exposure to heavy air pollutants causally increased risks for obesity. Besides, obesity causally increased the risks for COVID-19 phenotypes. Attention needs to be paid to weight status for the population who suffer from heavy air pollution, as they are more likely to be susceptible and vulnerable to COVID-19.
Disturbed sleep is associated with reduced verbal episodic memory and entorhinal cortex volume in younger middle-aged women with risk-reducing early ovarian removal
Authors: Gervais Nicole J. , Gravelsins Laura , Brown Alana , Reuben Rebekah , Perovic Mateja , Karkaby Laurice , Nicoll Gina , Laird Kazakao , Ramana Shreeyaa , Bernardini Marcus Q. , Jacobson Michelle , Velsher Lea , Foulkes William , Rajah M. Natasha , Olsen Rosanna K. , Grady Cheryl , Einstein Gillian
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Women with early ovarian removal (<48 years) have an elevated risk for both late-life Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and insomnia, a modifiable risk factor. In early midlife, they also show reduced verbal episodic memory and hippocampal volume. Whether these reductions correlate with a sleep phenotype consistent with insomnia risk remains unexplored.

Methods

We recruited thirty-one younger middleaged women with risk-reducing early bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO), fifteen of whom were taking estradiol-based hormone replacement therapy (BSO+ERT) and sixteen who were not (BSO). Fourteen age-matched premenopausal (AMC) and seventeen spontaneously peri-postmenopausal (SM) women who were ~10y older and not taking ERT were also enrolled. Overnight polysomnography recordings were collected at participants’ home across multiple nights (M=2.38 SEM=0.19), along with subjective sleep quality and hot flash ratings. In addition to group comparisons on sleep measures, associations with verbal episodic memory and medial temporal lobe volume were assessed.

Results

Increased sleep latency and decreased sleep efficiency were observed on polysomnography recordings of those not taking ERT, consistent with insomnia symptoms. This phenotype was also observed in the older women in SM, implicating ovarian hormone loss. Further, sleep latency was associated with more forgetting on the paragraph recall task, previously shown to be altered in women with early BSO. Both increased sleep latency and reduced sleep efficiency were associated with smaller anterolateral entorhinal cortex volume.

Discussion

Together, these findings confirm an association between ovarian hormone loss and insomnia symptoms, and importantly, identify an younger onset age in women with early ovarian removal, which may contribute to poorer cognitive and brain outcomes in these women.
Global research trends in immunotherapy for glioma: a comprehensive visualization and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Hong-yu , Yu Han-yong , Zhao Guo-xu , Jiang Xin-zhan , Gao Ge , Wei Bao-jian
Published: October 2023

Background

Glioma is a prevalent and lethal brain malignancy; despite current treatment options, the prognosis remains poor. Therefore, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. However, research trends and hotspots in glioma immunotherapy have not been systematically analyzed. This study aimed to elucidate global research trends and knowledge structures regarding immunotherapy for glioma using bibliometric analysis.

Methods

Publications related to immunotherapy for glioma from 2000-2023 were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC). We conducted quantitative analysis and visualization of research trends using various tools, including VOSviewer (1.6.18), CiteSpace (5.7 R3), Microsoft Charticulator, and the Bibliometrix package in R.

Results

A total of 4910 publications were included. The number of annual publications exhibited an obvious upward trend since 2019. The USA was the dominant country in terms of publication output and centrality. Frontiers in Immunology published the most articles. Harvard Medical School ranked first in productivity among institutions. Sampson, John H. Ph.D. is the most prolific author in the field with 88 articles and a total of 7055 citations. Clinical Cancer Research has the largest total number and impact factor. Analysis of keywords showed immunotherapy, glioblastoma, immunotherapy, and clinical trials as hot topics. The tumor microenvironment, cell death pathways, chimeric antigen receptor engineering, tumor-associated macrophages, and nivolumab treatment represent indicating shifts in the direction of future glioma immunotherapy development.

Conclusion

This bibliometric analysis systematically delineated global landscapes and emerging trends in glioma immunotherapy research. This study highlighted the prominence of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T), Programmed Death-1 (PD-1), and nivolumab in current glioma immunotherapy research. The growing emphasis on specific neoantigens and prognostic tumor markers suggests potential avenues for future exploration. Furthermore, the data underscores the importance of strengthened international collaboration in advancing the field.
Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in the elderly: factors driving a higher burden of disease
Authors: Allué-Guardia Anna , Torrelles Jordi B. , Sigal Alex
Published: October 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and SARS-CoV-2 are both infections that can lead to severe disease in the lower lung. However, these two infections are caused by very different pathogens (Mycobacterium vs. virus), they have different mechanisms of pathogenesis and immune response, and differ in how long the infection lasts. Despite the differences, SARS-CoV-2 and M.tb share a common feature, which is also frequently observed in other respiratory infections: the burden of disease in the elderly is greater. Here, we discuss possible reasons for the higher burden in older adults, including the effect of co-morbidities, deterioration of the lung environment, auto-immunity, and a reduced antibody response. While the answer is likely to be multifactorial, understanding the main drivers across different infections may allow us to design broader interventions that increase the health-span of older people.
Transcriptomic characterization of classical monocytes highlights the involvement of immuno-inflammation in bone erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Sales Lucas Peixoto , Hounkpe Bidossessi Wilfried , Perez Mariana Ortega , Caparbo Valéria Falco , Domiciano Diogo Souza , Borba Eduardo Ferreira , Schett Georg , Figueiredo Camille Pinto , Pereira Rosa Maria Rodrigues
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Evidence-based data suggest that under inflammatory conditions, classical monocytes are the main source of osteoclasts and might be involved in bone erosion pathophysiology. Here, we analyze the transcriptomic profile of classical monocytes in erosive and non-erosive rheumatoid arthritis patients in order to better understand their contribution to bone erosion.

Methods

Thirty-nine premenopausal RA patients were consecutively enrolled and divided into two groups based on the presence of bone erosions on hand joints. Classical monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood through negative selection, and RNA-seq was performed using a poly-A enrichment kit and Illumina® platform. Classical monocytes transcriptome from healthy age-matched women were also included to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Therefore, gene sets analysis was performed to identify the enriched biological pathways.

Results

RNA-seq analysis resulted in the identification of 1,140 DEGs of which 89 were up-regulated and 1,051 down-regulated in RA patients with bone erosion compared to those without bone erosions. Among up-regulated genes, there was a highlighted expression of IL18RAP and KLF14 related to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, innate and adaptive immune response. Genes related to collagen metabolism (LARP6) and bone formation process (PAPPA) were down-regulated in RA patients with erosions. Enriched pathways in patients with erosions were associated with greater activation of immune activation, and inflammation. Interestingly, pathways associated with osteoblast differentiation and regulation of Wnt signaling were less activated in RA patients with erosions.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that alterations in expression of monocyte genes related to the inflammatory process and impairment of bone formation might have an important role in the pathophysiology of bone erosions in RA patients.
Plasma exchange for two patients with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy with rapid progression to respiratory failure: a case report
Authors: Du Jing , Cao Shugang , Xia Lan , Li Qi , Tian Yanghua
Published: October 2023

Background

Patients with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy can present with early neurological deterioration, but rapidly progressive respiratory failure is rarely reported. We present the cases of two patients with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy who experienced rapid progression to respiratory failure and were effectively treated using plasma exchange therapy.

Case report

Two patients were diagnosed with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy. Their initial symptoms were consistent with those of previously observed cases of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy. However, they experienced rapid progression to respiratory failure due to their lesion location. Specifically, case 1 had lesions in the medulla oblongata, and case 2 had lesions in the high cervical spinal cord, which are both common sites of lesions causing respiratory failure. The patients did not respond well to intravenous methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin initially and could not be withdrawn from ventilator support. Fortunately, subsequent plasma exchange therapy led to significant clinical improvements and successful withdrawal from ventilator support.

Discussion

Patients with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy can present with rapidly progressive respiratory failure. Early treatment with plasma exchange can be beneficial in withdrawing patients from ventilator support.
Dense granule protein 3 of Toxoplasma gondii plays a crucial role in the capability of the tissue cysts of the parasite to persist in the presence of anti-cyst CD8+ T cells during the chronic stage of infection
Authors: Mani Rajesh , Abdelaziz Mohamed H. , Ochiai Eri , Sa Qila , Fox Barbara A. , Bzik David J. , Suzuki Yasuhiro
Published: October 2023

Toxoplasma gondii establishes chronic infection by forming tissue cysts, and this chronic infection is one of the most common parasitic infections in humans. Our recent studies revealed that whereas CD8+ T cells of genetically resistant BALB/c mice have the capability to remove the tissue cysts of the parasite through their perforin-mediated activities, small portions of the cysts are capable of persisting in the presence of the anti-cyst CD8+ T cells. It is currently unknown how those small portions of the cysts resist or escape the T-cell immunity and persist in the hosts. In the present study, we discovered that the cysts, which persisted in the presence of the perforin-mediated CD8+ T-cell immunity, have significantly greater mRNA levels for four dense granule proteins, GRA1, GRA2, GRA3, and GRA7, and one rhoptry protein, ROP35, than the total population of the cysts present in the absence of the T cells. In addition, increased levels of mRNA for GRA1, GRA3, and ROP35 in the cysts significantly correlated with their successful persistence through the condition in which greater degrees of reduction of the cyst burden occurred through anti-cyst CD8+ T cells. In addition, GRA3-deficient T. gondii displayed significantly enhanced elimination of the cysts by anti-cyst CD8+ T cells when compared to the wild-type parasite. These results indicate that GRA3 is a key molecule that mediates in the capability of T. gondii cysts to persist by resisting or evading the anti-cyst activity of CD8+ T cells during the later stage of infection.
Efficient and stable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome-editing of human type 2 innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Audouze-Chaud Johanne , Mathews Jessica A. , Crome Sarah Q.
Published: October 2023

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of innate lymphocytes with important roles in immune response coordination and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The ILC family includes group 1 (ILC1s), group 2 (ILC2s) and group 3 (ILC3s) ‘helper’ ILCs, as well as cytotoxic Natural Killer (NK) cells. Study of helper ILCs in humans presents several challenges, including their low proportions in peripheral blood or needing access to rare samples to study tissue resident ILC populations. In addition, the lack of established protocols harnessing genetic manipulation platforms has limited the ability to explore molecular mechanism regulating human helper ILC biology. CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient genome editing tool that enables the knockout of genes of interest, and is commonly used to study molecular regulation of many immune cell types. Here, we developed methods to efficiently knockout genes of interest in human ILC2s. We discuss challenges and lessons learned from our CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing optimizations using a nucleofection transfection approach and test a range of conditions and nucleofection settings to obtain a protocol that achieves effective and stable gene knockout while maintaining optimal cell viability. Using IL-4 as a representative target, we compare different ribonucleoprotein configurations, as well as assess effects of length of time in culture and other parameters that impact CRISPR/Cas9 transfection efficiency. Collectively, we detail a CRISPR/Cas9 protocol for efficient genetic knockout to aid in studying molecular mechanism regulating human ILC2s.
IgG4-related digestive diseases: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Wu Siyu , Wang Haiqiang
Published: October 2023

IgG4-related digestive diseases encompass a group of chronic inflammatory disorders characterized by autoimmune reactions and fibrosis affecting multiple digestive organs. These diseases are identified by elevated serum levels of IgG4 and the presence of IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration in the affected sites, along with storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and eosinophilic infiltration. Although extensive research has been conducted, a comprehensive understanding of these conditions remains elusive. Current clinical diagnosis often relies on the application of integrated diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related diseases, combined with specific organ involvement criteria. Distinguishing them from malignancies poses considerable challenges. Moreover, further investigations are required to elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and explore potential therapeutic interventions. This review provides a systematic classification of IgG4-related digestive diseases while discussing their diagnostic strategies, clinical presentations, and treatment modalities. The comprehensive insights shared herein aim to guide clinicians in their practice and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in this field.
Future Directions in the Diagnosis and Treatment of APDS and IEI: a Survey of German IEI Centers
Authors: Vanselow Sven , Hanitsch Leif , Hauck Fabian , Körholz Julia , Maccari Maria-Elena , Meinhardt Andrea , Sogkas Georgios , Schuetz Catharina , Grimbacher Bodo
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The diagnosis and treatment of inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is a major challenge as the individual conditions are rare and often characterized by a variety of symptoms, which are often non disease-specific. Ideally, patients are treated in dedicated centers by physicians who specialize in the management of primary immune disorders. In this study, we used the example of Activated PI3Kδ syndrome (APDS), a rare IEI with an estimated prevalence of 1:1,000,000. We conducted surveys by questionnaire and interviewed physicians at different IEI centers in Germany.

Methods

We queried structural aspects of IEI care in Germany, diagnostic procedures in IEI care (including molecular diagnostics), distribution of APDS patients, APDS symptoms and severity, treatment algorithms in APDS, the role of stem cell transplantation and targeted therapies in IEI with focus on APDS. We were especially interested in how genetic diagnostics may influence treatment decisions, e.g. with regard to targeted therapies.

Results/discussion

Most centers care for both pediatric and adult patients. A total of 28 APDS patients are currently being treated at the centers we surveyed. Patient journeys vary considerably, as does severity of disease. Genetic diagnosis continues to gain importance - whole genome sequencing is likely to become routine in IEI in the next few years. According to the experts interviewed, stem cell transplantation and - with new molecules being approved - targeted therapies, will gain in importance for the treatment of APDS and IEI in general.