bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence for the Relative Age Effect in the Spanish Professional Soccer League
Authors: Yagüe José María , Molinero Olga , Alba José Ángel , Redondo Juan Carlos
Published: July 2020

The concept of the relative age effect refers to the consequences of the physical and psychological differences that may exist between those born earlier or later within the same calendar year. The objective of the present study was to examine this phenomenon in Spanish professional soccer, identifying the influences of the competitive level and the club of origin. The sample comprised 2,130 individuals from five competitive categories: under 12 (U12; n = 480), under 14 (U14; n = 338), under 16 (U16; n = 390), under 19 years old (U19; n = 489) and professional players (n = 433), with nine teams from the Spanish professional soccer league (PSL). Statistical analysis was based on a chi-squared test followed by calculation of the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The main results show that at all levels of competition there was over-representation of individuals born in the first few months of the year. By clubs, the same over-representation was observed. It may be concluded that the relative age effect is consistent and exists throughout Spanish soccer, whether at youth or professional levels. An analysis by age categories showed a more pronounced effect in those competitions in which the youngest players participate, while in clubs the effect continued to be significantly present in all cases investigated in the study.
The Reactive Bounding Coefficient as a Measure of Horizontal Reactive Strength to Evaluate Stretch-Shortening Cycle Performance in Sprinters
Authors: Washif Jad Adrian , Kok Lian-Yee
Published: July 2020

Plyometric exercises such as drop jumping and bounding offer athletes a substantiated means of enhancing athletic performance. Between the two exercises, reactive measurement using bounding (reactive bounding coefficient [RBC]) has received scant attention within the domain of training and conditioning. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the viability of utilising a speed-bounding exercise to assess horizontal reactive strength. Eleven young, male elite sprinters (age: 17.8 ± 1.3 yr; body height: 1.72 ± 0.06 m; body mass: 66.05 ± 6.10 kg; best 100 m sprint time: 10.77 ± 0.32 s) were tested for static jumps (SJ), drop jumps (DJ), 10 speed-bounding (RBC10), and 50 m sprint performance. Between-group comparisons based on sprint ability (fast [FSG] vs. slow [SSG] sprint-group) and correlation coefficients were computed subsequently. The FSG (n = 5; 50 m time: 5.82 ± 0.11 s; RBC10: 7.46 ± 0.27) performed significantly better in the RBC10 (p = 0.036) than the SSG (n = 5; 50 m time: 6.09 ± 0.13 s; RBC10: 7.09 ± 0.25). A very high correlation was attained between the RBC10 and the criterion measure, the SJ (r = 0.83). Additionally, RBC10 appeared to be correlated with 30, 50, 10-30 and 30-50 m sprint times (r = -0.52 to -0.60). This positive trend, however, was not observed for the DJ reactive strength index (trivial to moderate correlations). Good reliability was shown for the RBC10 and all sprint distances (“1.5% coefficient variation). Furthermore, all sprinters attained ground contact times of 0.12-0.18 s during the RBC10 which was indicative of fast stretch-shortening cycles during movement, suggesting that the RBC10 could be utilised to assess plyometric ability and enhance sprint performance. Overall, the RBC10 seems able to discriminate between the FSG and the SSG, indicating it has acceptable levels of validity and reliability.
Prevalence of Injuries in Exercise Programs Based on Crossfit®, Cross Training and High-Intensity Functional Training Methodologies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barranco-Ruiz Yaira , Villa-González Emilio , Martínez-Amat Antonio , Da Silva-Grigoletto Marzo E.
Published: July 2020

Current literature shows studies that question the safety of the practices carried out in high-intensity training modalities such as CrossFit®, Cross Training or High-Intensity Functional Training, which may lead to a greater risk in the prevalence of injuries. The aim of this study was to analyze in detail the prevalence of injuries occurring in training based on the CrossFit®, Cross Training or High-Intensity Functional Training modalities, through a systematic review, as well as evaluating the methodological quality of the included studies. We used the recommendations of the PRISMA protocol. For the quality analysis of the studies, we applied the tool proposed by the National Institute of Health (United States). The areas that mainly present a higher risk of injury during CrossFit, Cross Training or High-Intensity Functional Training practices are shoulders, knees and back. Additionally, 11 of the 12 included studies displayed a poor methodological quality according to the quality tool used.
Impact of Body Condition Score on Oxidative Stress Status in Cow’s Reproductive Tract
Authors: Khaled Amel , Boudjellaba Sofiane , Idres Takfarinas , Bellik Yuva , Mouloud Mohammed Nait , Iguer-Ouada Mokrane
Published: July 2020

It is well known in cattle that reproductive disorders are intimately associated with low or high body condition score (BCS). However, little is known concerning the relationship between BCS and oxidative stress, particularly in the reproductive tract. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the oxidative stress biomarkers according to cows BCS values in the plasma, ovaries, oviductal, follicular and uterine fluids. The study was conducted on 58 cows classified in four classes (1, 2, 3 and 4) of BCS varying from1-1.5, 2-2.5, 3-3.5 and 4-4.5, respectively. The genital tracts and plasma were collected from slaughtered cows and processed within 5h after slaughtering. The number of ovarian follicles was measured using ultrasonography and the oxidative stress was assessed by considering total antioxidant status (TAS), catalase activity (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). The results showed that follicles number was significantly affected by BCS; cows with medium BCS (3) presented higher number of follicles than cows with low or high BCS (<3 or >3). Overall, BCS affects significantly the oxidative stress status at different levels of the reproductive tract. Cows with medium BCS (3) showed the best oxidative status than those with low or high values (BCS <3 or >3). In conclusion, the current results suggest that reproductive disorders observed in cows with low or high BCS values could be mediated through oxidative stress affecting consequently the reproductive tract and finally compromising fertility outputs.
Update on Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV8) – review
Authors: Iftode Nicoleta , Rădulescu Mihaela Andreea , Aramă Ștefan Sorin , Aramă Victoria
Published: July 2020

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), is one of the few pathogens recognized as direct carcinogen, being involved in the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman disease. KSHV is a relatively recently discovered virus, with still limited possibilities for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, ongoing studies are trying to answer the main issues related to the management of KSHV infection and its associated diseases. This review updates the current knowledge of the KSHV infection, discussing aspects related to epidemiology, virological features, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment.
The Variety of Muslim Interpretations in Mass Media Public Discourses in German-speaking Switzerland
Authors: Trucco Noemi
Published: July 2020

This article examines Muslim interpretations in the mass media public discourses in German-speaking Switzerland. It focuses on the period from the moment of the adoption of the initiative against the construction of minarets untill mid-2017. On the basis of a discourse analysis four fields of positions are presented. It can be shown that there is a considerable variety of inter-Muslim interpretations. Those positions with the highest reception are characterized by an intolerance of ambiguity and an incorporation of hegemonial interpretative patterns.
Kajian komparatif perancangan dan produksi peralatan saji (Studi kasus CV Estetika Indonesia)
Authors: Musfiroh Hafshoh
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out: (1) Comparison of the process of designing and producing serving serveware from wood and clay materials in CV Estetika Indonesia. (2) Types of food serveware products at CV Aesthetic Indonesia. (3) Comparison of design aspects of food and wood products from clay in CV Estetika Indonesia. This research was carried out at CV Estetika Indonesia and wood suppliers in Putat Wetan Village and Clay suppliers in Melikan Village, Klaten from 10 May to 10 June 2019. This study used a descriptive comparative method with a qualitative approach. The data used in this study are qualitative data with data sources in the form of informants, documents, observations, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded: (1) The process of designing design serveware at CV Estetika Indonesia refers to the briefs given by the buyer. The process of designing food serveware products with wood material is carried out with machines so that it is more in line with the concept of the mass product or industrial products. While clay products are more directed at handicrafts because the products are produced manually using hands. (2) Types of fast food products CV Aesthetics of wood and clay materials include trays (tray), plates (cutting board), bowls (bowls), plates (plates), glass (glass), and coasters (coasters). (3) Design comparisons of serving serveware products include the design process, style and theme, finishing, color, ergonomics, and packaging.
CHANGE OF PERCEIVED CHROMA AND HUE OF OBJECT COLOURS AT DIFFERENT LIGHTING LEVELS DUE TO HUNT EFFECT
Authors: Kawashima Yuki , Ohno Yoshi
Published: July 2020

Our previous study made an attempt to quantify the perceived chroma changes due to Hunt Effect in lighting for red and green colour samples. For further understanding of Hunt Effect, another vision experiment was conducted using a number of red, green, yellow and blue colour samples to quantify perceived chroma changes as well as hue angle changes at different lighting levels. A reference patch was placed on one side of booth at 100 lx, and 20 to 25 test patches with varied chroma and hue levels were placed on the other side of the booth at 1 000 lx. Subjects viewed each booth with each eye separately (haploscopic view) and chose a test patch that appeared to be closest to the reference patch. Results showed that the chroma at 100 lx was perceived 8 % to 15 % lower compared to the chroma at 1 000 lx, and the hue angles also shifted slightly in different directions for different colours.
OBSERVER CMF BASED VISUAL APPEARANCE COMPENSATION FOR NOVEL LIGHT SOURCE PROJECTION SYSTEM
Authors: Yi-Ho Bai Chris
Published: July 2020

As display technology expands the color gamut, the potential of experiencing observer metamerism is more likely with narrow bandwidth stimuli displays. Hence, it is desired to investigate whether laser-based projector would introduce observer metamerism compared to halogen-based projector. In addition, it is also desired to develop a quick method to determine an observer’s color matching function category. In this study, a two-part experiment was designed and conducted. Experiment 1 was based on color patches and Experiment 2 was based on test images. The quick method was developed in Experiment 1. Comparison to CIE Standard Observer was also conducted, and the results had suggested the CIE Standard Observer was not suitable for laser-based projection system. In Experiment 2, a prediction was made to determine the image category. With the quick method, it is much easier to achieve the realization of p
Polarizable Density Embedding for Large Biomolecular Systems
Authors: Reinholdt Peter , Jørgensen Frederik Kamper , Kongsted Jacob , Olsen Jógvan Magnus Haugaard
Published: July 2020

We present an efficient and robust fragment-based quantum–classical embedding model capable of accurately capturing effects from complex environments such as proteins and nucleic acids. This is realized by combining the molecular fractionation with conjugate caps (MFCC) procedure with the polarizable density embedding (PDE) model at the level of Fock matrix construction. The Fock matrix of the core region is constructed using the local molecular basis of the individual fragments rather than the supermolecular basis of the entire system. Thereby, we avoid complications associated with the application of the fragmentation procedure on environment quantities used in the PDE model, such as electronic densities and molecular-orbital energies. Moreover, the computational cost associated with solving self-consistent field (SCF) equations of the core region remains unchanged from that of purely classical polarized embedding models. We analyze the performance of the resulting model in terms of the reproduction of the electrostatic potential of an insulin monomer protein and further in the context of solving problems related to electron spill-out. Finally, we showcase the model for the calculation of one- and two-photon properties of the Nile Red molecule in protein environments. Based on our analyses, we find that the combination of the MFCC approach with the PDE model is an efficient, yet accurate approach for calculating molecular properties of molecules embedded in structured biomolecular environments.
Improved Scaffold Hopping in Ligand-based Virtual Screening Using Neural Representation Learning
Authors: Stojanovic Luka , Popovic Milos , Tijanic Nebojsa , Rakocevic Goran , Kalinic Marko
Published: July 2020

Deep learning has demonstrated significant potential in advancing state of the art in many problem domains, especially those benefiting from automated feature extraction. Yet the methodology has seen limited adoption in the field of ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS), as traditional approaches typically require large, target-specific training sets, which limits their value in most prospective applications. Here, we report the development of a neural network architecture, and a learning framework designed to yield a generally applicable tool for LBVS. Our approach uses the molecular graph as input, and involves learning a representation that places compounds of similar biological profiles in close proximity within a hyperdimensional feature space; this is achieved by simultaneously leveraging historical screening data against a multitude of targets during training. Cosine distance between molecules in this space becomes a general similarity metric, and can readily be used to rank order database compounds in LBVS workflows. We demonstrate the resulting model generalizes exceptionally well to compounds and targets not used in its training. In three commonly employed LBVS benchmarks, our method outperforms popular fingerprinting algorithms without the need for any target-specific training. Moreover, we show the learned representation yields superior performance in scaffold hopping tasks, and is largely orthogonal to existing fingerprints. Summarily, we have developed and validated a framework for learning a molecular representation that is applicable to LBVS in a target-agnostic fashion, with as few as one query compound. Our approach can also enable organizations to generate additional value from large screening data repositories, and to this end we are making its implementation freely available at https://github.com/totient-bio/gatnn-vs
Site-Specific and Trigger-Activated Modification of Proteins by Means of Catalytic Hemin/G-quadruplex (hGQ) DNAzyme Nanostructures
Authors: Keijzer Jordi , Albada Bauke
Published: July 2020

Synthetic DNA that forms various G-quadruplex nanostructures, in combination with hemin, N-methyl luminol derivatives, and H2O2 can site-specifically modify proteins (i.e. evidence is provided for lysozyme and human alpha-thrombin). The catalytic modification is completed in 15-30 mins, and the site-specificity is influenced by the G-quadruplex topology (a total of 22 G-quadruplex forming sequences was tested). We also show that the heavy chain of the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab is modified, which facilitates the preparation of antibody-drug conjugates. Furthermore, a trigger can be programmed into this synthetic DNA so that the protein modification chemistry is made dependent on an external trigger.

Techniques used: HPLC, SDS-PAGE, LC-MS/MS, NMR.
Stabilization of Supramolecular Membrane Protein-Lipid Bilayer Assemblies Through Immobilization in a Crystalline Exoskeleton
Authors: Herbert Fabian C. , Abeyrathna Sameera , Abeyrathna Nisansala , Wijesundara Yalini , Brohlin Olivia , Luzuriaga Michael A. , Durand-Silva Alejandra , Diwakara Shashini D. , Smaldone Ronald A. , Meloni Gabriele , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: July 2020

Artificial native-like lipid bilayer systems constructed from phospholipids assembling into unilamel- lar liposomes allow the reconstitution of detergent-solubilized transmembrane proteins into supramolecular lipid-protein assemblies called proteoliposomes, which mimic cellular membranes. Stabilization of these com- plexes remains challenging because of their chemical composition, the hydrophobicity and structural instabil- ity of membrane proteins, and the lability of interactions between protein, detergent, and lipids within micelles and lipid bilayers. In this work we demonstrate that metastable lipid, protein-detergent, and protein-lipid su- pramolecular complexes can be successfully generated and immobilized within zeolitic-imidazole framework- 8 (ZIF-8) to enhance their stability against chemical and physical stressors. Upon immobilization in ZIF-8 bio- composites, blank liposomes, and model transmembrane metal transporters in detergent micelles or embed- ded in proteoliposomes resist elevated temperatures, exposure to chemical denaturants, aging, and mechanical stresses. Extensive morphological and functional characterization of the assemblies upon exfoliation reveal that all these complexes encapsulated within the framework maintain their native morphology, structure, and activity, which is otherwise lost rapidly without immobilization.
An Integrative Drug Repurposing Pipeline Using KNIME and Programmatic Data Access: A Case Study on COVID-19 Data
Authors: Tuerkova Alzbeta , Zdrazil Barbara
Published: July 2020

Biomedical information mining is increasingly recognized as a promising technique to accelerate drug discovery and development. Especially, integrative approaches which mine data from several (open) data sources have become more attractive with the increasing possibilities to programmatically access data through Application Programming Interfaces. The use of open data in conjunction with free, platform-independent analytic tools provides the additional advantage

of flexibility, re-usability, and transparency. Here, we present a strategy for performing in silico drug repurposing with the analytics platform KNIME, using data for 38 suggested COVID-19 drug targets as a timely use case. The workflow includes a targeted download of data through web services, data curation (including chemical structure standardization), detection of enriched structural patterns, as well as substructure searches in DrugBank and a recently deposited dataset of antiviral drugs provided by Chemical Abstracts Service. Developed workflows, tutorials with detailed step-by-step instructions, and the information gained by the analysis of COVID-19 data are made freely available to the scientific community. The provided framework can be reused by researchers for other in silico drug repurposing projects, and it should serve as a valuable teaching resource for conveying integrative data mining strategies.
Conformational Landscape Reduction of a Dynamic 29-Residue Peptide by a Perfluoroaromatic Small Molecule
Authors: evans ethan
Published: July 2020

Conformationally dynamic peptides and proteins display both important biochemical properties and present a challenge for computational modeling. Characterizing the accessible structural landscape represents one route to understand their function with molecular level detail. We characterize a self-labeling 29-residue peptide, MP01-Gen4, that undergoes structural alterations in the presence of a perfluoroaromatic reaction partner. Replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) shows MP01 to access a broad set of states, that microsecond-long explicit solvent simulations only minimally sample. REMD and structural network analysis find an altered and reduced conformational landscape when MP01 interacts non-covalently or is covalently attached to the perfluoroaromatic small molecule. Residues throughout the peptide, notably at the C-terminus, interact with the small molecule in conformational state-dependent manners. The results help explain and generate hypotheses for experimental observations including the importance of flexibility and the role of the N- and C-terminal regions, both of which are distant from the active cysteine. The simulations highlight the importance of substantial sampling in minimally stabilized, conformationally dynamic systems and supplies a case study for small molecule-mediated, peptide conformational changes.
Hit-Optimization Using Target-Directed Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: Development of Inhibitors of the Anti-Infective Target 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Synthase
Authors: Jumde Ravindra P. , Guardigni Melissa , Gierse Robin M. , Alhayek Alaa , Zhu Di , Hamed Zhoor , Johannsen Sandra , Elgaher Walid A. M. , Haupenthal Jörg , Hirsch Anna K.H.
Published: July 2020

Target-directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry (tdDCC) enables the identification, as well as optimization of ligands for un(der)explored targets such as the anti-infective target 1‑deoxy‑d‑xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS). We report the unprecedented use of tdDCC to first identify and subsequently optimize inhibitors of the anti-infective target DXS. Using tdDCC, we were able to generate acylhydrazone-based inhibitors for DXS. The tailored tdDCC runs also provided insights into the structure–activity relationship of this novel class of DXS inhibitors. This approach holds the potential to expedite the drug discovery process and could be generally applied to a range of biological targets.
Mapping Mutations in Proteins of SARS CoV-2 Indian Isolates on to the Three-Dimensional Structures
Authors: Guruprasad Kunchur
Published: July 2020

The amino acid residue mutations observed in SARS CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase, helicase, endoRNAse and spike proteins from Indian isolates, relative to the reference SARS CoV-2 proteins from the Wuhan Hu-1 isolate, were mapped onto the protein three-dimensional structure templates available in the Protein Data Bank. The secondary structure conformations corresponding to the mutations, their locations and proximity to functionally important residues in these proteins and to the drug binding sites in RNA dependent RNA polymerase and endoRNAse targets were analysed. Our analyses provide structural insights into the mutations in these SARS CoV-2 proteins.
Combining Indolizines and Isatins via Brønsted-Acid Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Alkylation in Water
Authors: Boni guidotti Bruno , Sabino da Silva Thiago , Menezes Correia José Tiago , Coelho Fernando
Published: July 2020

The controlled mono-addition of indolizines to isatins under very mild conditions is described. The reaction occurs in water using diphenylphosphate (DPP) as catalyst and is dramatically accelerated by adding a surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate – SDS). Using this methodology, 19 new 3-hydroxy-3-indolizinyl-2-oxindoles scaffolds were synthesized (up to >99% yield). Notably, in organic solvents only bis-addition products were observed, in poor yields and in prolonged times. The very low solubility of the mono-addition product in water was determinant for the observed selectivity .
Automated Fast-Flow Synthesis of Antisense Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomers
Authors: Li Chengxi , Callahan Alexander J. , Simon Mark D. , Totaro Kyle A. , Mijalis Alexander J. , Hartrampf Nina , Schissel Carly K. , Zhou Ming , Zong Hong , Hanson Gunnar J. , Loas Andrei , Pohl Nicola L. B. , Pentelute Bradley L.
Published: July 2020

The antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) drugs Eteplirsen and Golodirsen are improving the lives of some Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, but treating all DMD subtypes would require the development of over 50 novel antisense therapies. To rapidly prototype personalized PMO for diseases such as DMD, we designed a fully automated flow-based oligonucleotide synthesizer. Our optimized high temperature synthesis platform reduces coupling times by up to 22-fold compared to previously reported batch methods. We demonstrate the power of our new automated technology with the synthesis of milligram quantities of an 18-mer reporter PMO sequence in 3.5 hours, three new potential therapeutic PMO sequences targeted to exon 46 of the dystrophin gene in a single day, and a candidate antiviral PMO sequence targeted to the SARS-CoV-2 genomic mRNA in 3.5 hours. This flexible flow synthesis platform can be used for on-demand production of a broad range of personalized therapeutic polymers.
Towards the Development of a Targeted Albumin-Binding Radioligand for Theranostic Applications: Synthesis, Radiolabelling and Preliminary In Vivo Studies
Authors: Driver Cathryn H.S. , Ebenhan Thomas , Zeevaart Jan Rijn , Hunter Roger , Parker Iqbal , Szucs Zoltan
Published: July 2020

GluCAB is a newly synthesised macrocyclic radioligand designed to bind in vivo to albumin (HSA) for the purpose of development as a dual-targeting oncological theranostic agent. Subsequent to its synthesis and 64Cu-radiolabelling, this radioligand has show a prolonged circulation time in healthy mice but with appropriate systemic clearance within 24 h. This radioligand meets the criteria to be further investigated for tumour targeting and uptake.
A Study on Parental Perception and Satisfaction towards Occupational Therapy Holistic Approach on Treatment and Service Delivery
Authors: Christopher Amalraj Vallaba Doss  , Syed Mohamed Sadath  , Palanivel R M  , Muhil Sakthivel  , OLA Olatunji  , Malik Khurram Shahzad Awan
Published: July 2020

To highlight how holistic occupational therapy processes contribute to the level of parent’s perception and satisfaction, improve the therapist’s level of care, update therapist about client understands of their services, increase client’s awareness of different modes of occupational therapy treatment services. Quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design, POC-20 Questionnaire is used to measure the processes of care questionnaire with parents ticking each column of items according to their perception and satisfaction. MPOC-20 question output from the interview results shows the treatment care services that enable parents to understand how the therapist takes effort and satisfied them day to day life. Therapist expressed their confidence in the holistic approachability to manage the child’s behaviors and act as the family center-point of contact for their ongoing care. This research clearly demonstrates the value of the holistic approach, parent and child place on receiving their service care close to home and how the therapist uses their holistic approach to enable this. The success of this study demonstrates this model of care can be implemented in other services across the world.
Rapid microbiological testing method
Authors: Raghuprakash P  , Gowrav M P  , Gangadharappa H V  , Hemanth Kumar S
Published: July 2020

Classical microbiological methods currently have unacceptably long cycle times. Rapid microbiological strategies are accessible within the marketplace for about 10 years and are mostly used in the clinical laboratory and in food industries. However, their reapplication in the pharma industry has wide range of advantage. A comparison with ancient strategies to be conjointly performed. During this review, data concerning the validation of RMM strategies described within the document was given in addition as proof of the issue of validation of those strategies. A comparison with ancient strategies is additionally mentioned. This data is beneficial to the industries and in the labs which will doubtless be adopted. These strategies for microorganism free products. This methodology for microorganism identification will be delicate, accurate and fast. How the laboratory should be maintained for carrying out different tests, there should be good hygienic condition maintained. This article also includes different methods for identifying bacteria which is present in drug products as well as the material which are used for doing test. Presence of bacteria may affect the activity of drug product and bio availability may decreases and potency the drug may loss. How the laboratory should be maintained for carrying out different tests, there should be good hygienic condition maintained.
Stability indicating assay method for the simultaneous estimation of Empagliflozin and Metformin HCl by RP-HPLC method
Authors: Supriya Reddy K  , Chandan R. S.  , Sai Charan A  , Akshay N
Published: July 2020

A Specific, Linear and Precise reversed phase- HPLC was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Metformin HCl and Empagliflozin and the column used is Zorbax SB Phenyl with length, Internal diameter and Particle size of 250mm, 4.6 mm and 5µm respectively. The Mobile phase is Phosphate buffer: ACN: Methanol in ratio 45:25:30. 1.0 ml/min was the used flow rate and the wavelength was adjusted to 220nm for detection. The retention time for Empagliflozin was found to be 5.5min and for Metformin was 9.3min. Both the APIs exhibited good linearity revealing correlation coefficient(R) of 0.9999. The percentage recoveries for Metformin and Empagliflozin was found to be 100.0 – 100.9% and 100.3 – 102.4% respectively which was found to be within the limit. Forced degradation studies were performed and the developed method has suitable specificity as no interference is observed with impurity spiked sample and placebo of Drug Product. The proposed drug products were subjected to various types of stress conditions according to ICH Q1 guidelines like acidic, alkaline, neutral, peroxide, and Thermal conditions. The degradation products were well resolved from the main peaks , thus indicating the stability- indicating nature of the method. The method was validated with respect to system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness according to ICH guidelines and the proposed RP-HPLC Method was accurate, precise and linear for the simultaneous determination of Metformin and Empagliflozin in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
Anti-diabetic and nephrotoxicity effect of Aegle marmelos leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic rat
Authors: Mohd. Sufiyan Siddiqui  , Gaurav Sharma  , Asha Sharma
Published: July 2020

Aegle marmelos is widely found in india. The leaves, roots, fruits, bark, and seeds are extensively used in Ayurveda. . A. marmelos is mainly used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Alloxan (150 mg/kg b.w) was used in the Wistar rats for making the diabetic model. The oral administration of leaf extract of Aegle marmelos ( 200 and 400 mg/ kg b.w) was given for four weeks. The effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Aegle marmelos leaf extract on serum blood glucose as well as kidney function test [urea, uric acid, albumin, protein, and creatinine] were measured in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In the acute toxicity study, the ethanolic leaf extract of Aegle marmelos leaf was non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The level of albumin and protein had significantly increased along with the serum glucose and urea, uric acid levels when they were observed and reduced in diabetic rats treated with both doses of ethanol leaf extract of Aegle marmelos as compared to diabetic group. Histopathological studies were revealed toward normal. Ethanolic extract of Aegle marmelos leaf possesses the significant anti-diabetic and rejuvenating capability of kidney function tests.
An Updated Review: Adhatoda vasica
Authors: Fathima T  , Suresh Joghee  , Ann Maria Alex
Published: July 2020

The present review mainly focuses on the morphological and pharmacological activities of the Adhatoda vasica belonging to the family Acanthaceae, which is commonly referred to as Adosa or Adsogi. It also focuses on the evidence based therapeutic uses of A.vasica in various experimental models. This plant is found in all the ecosystem in India and other parts of the world as well. Because of its greater availability and multitude of pharmacological activities, the plant is being used in the treatment of numerous diseases. Extracts of various parts of the plants such as bark, root, leaf, flower, fruit and many a times, the whole plants are used in the management of pain, inflammation, asthma, cold, cough, diabetes, bronchitis, diarrhea, dysentery and other upper respiratory diseases and it is also used to heal wounds; is utilised as an insecticide, and also used as abortifacient. In asthma and acute stages of bronchitis, the extract of vasica offers an unflagging result by decreasing the thickness of the sputum. Because of the above mentioned reasons the plant has greater importance in the various systems of medicines such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. According to the texts, the plant has greater power on asthma, abortifacient and uterotonic. Numerous trials have been conducted to prove the effects of A.vasica on asthma which led to its inclusion in WHO manual. According to the present day studies the alkaloids such as vasicinone, vasicine, and oxyvasicine which are present in A.vasica are responsible for most of the activities. But extensive studies need to be conducted to understand the constituent responsible for abortifacient and uterotonic activity.
公平与效率观：文化渊源、中国改革目标与成功经验
Authors: 敖 星 , 谢 元态
Published: July 2020

公平与效率千百年来被认为“二者不可兼得”。中国社会主要矛盾转化后，处理改革和发展的公平与效率观也必须随之变化。面对新冠疫情的国际态势，公平与效率观的变化更显重要和必要。论文首先历史地观照中西方学者论公平与效率及其千百年来被认为“二者不可兼得”关系的文化渊源。接着阐述同时兼顾公平与效率是中国社会主义市场经济体制改革的目标要求：社会主义经济发展要求既要效率也要公平；社会主义的本质要求公平与效率有机统一：社会主义初级阶段要求“效率优先”，社会主义的本质属性要求“兼顾公平”，因而公平与效率有机统一是社会主义本质特征的要求。最后总结科学协调公平与效率成功实践的中国经验：一是中国特色社会主义制度是兼顾公平与效率的制度保障，二是坚定地做强、做优、做大国有企业是兼顾公平与效率的强大经济后盾，三是扩大中等收入者比重，消灭贫困人口是兼顾公平的经济性措施，四是扶持、推动和完善公益组织的发展是兼顾公平的社会性措施。
会计专业税法课程教学模式探索
Authors: 吴 福喜
Published: July 2020

随着中国经济的快速发展，国家越来越重视现有的会计专业税法课程的教育教学管理模式的变革。为了进一步的按照会计专业职业岗位的工作内容进行有效的调整，必须要采用新型的教育教学方式主导新的教育教学过程，运用新型的教育教学方法来培养学生的专业性能力。因此，论文主要针对现阶段的会计专业税法课程教学模式进行简要分析，并提出合理化建议。
PPengembangan modul bahasa indonesia berbasis keterampilan abad 21 sebagai alternatif bahan ajar bahasa indonesia di SMP
Authors: Himawan Riswanda , Fathonah Eva Nur
Published: July 2020

Development of the Indonesian language learning module by learning the steps of the module learning to develop it, where the steps of this activity are designed so that participants can carry out literacy training activities and drive the 5M concepts that are supported to support, ask questions, reason, try, and draw, in addition , this module also helps train students according to what was agreed in the 21st century or what is often referred to as 4C skills. Critical thinking, creative, collaboration and communication. Character education in this case the character of independence that exists in learners will also be instilled through this module. This type of research is Reasrch and Development (R&D). The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The method of collecting data in a trial was using a questionnaire. The instrument for eligibility is reviewed from the module. The final stage of this development is the feasibility and effectiveness test. In this article, the researchers discuss the needs analysis starting from the module, until the module that has been completed is explained in the product development article that can be accessed through this article.
Non-disclosure: Some Comparisons
Authors: Walker Paul
Published: July 2020

The question of disclosure, what is and what is not required to be disclosed when a contract is created, has long been a vexed problem in insurance law. This article considers recent developments in the law on this question and notes the possibility of further development of a proportionality approach.
The importance of user segmentation for designing digital therapy for adolescent mental health: Findings from scoping processes
Authors: Fleming Theresa , Merry S , Stasiak K , Hopkins S , Patolo T , Ruru S , Latu M , Shepherd M , Christie G , Goodyear-Smith F
Published: July 2020

© 2019 Journal of Medical Internet Research. All rights reserved. Background: New Zealand youth, especially those of Maori and Pacific descent, have high rates of depression, anxiety, and self-harm, but have low rates of help-seeking from mental health professionals. Apps, computerized therapy, and other digital tools can be effective, highly scalable treatments for anxiety and depression. Co-design processes are often used to foster engagement with end users, but this does not always lead to high levels of engagement. Objective: We aimed to carry out preliminary scoping to understand adolescents' current internet use and diversity of preferences to inform a planned co-design process for creating digital mental health tools for teenagers. Methods: Interactive workshops and focus groups were held with young people. Data were analyzed using a general inductive approach. Results: Participants (N=58) engaged in 2 whanau (extended family) focus groups (n=4 and n=5), 2 school- or community-based focus groups (n=9 each), and 2 workshops (n=11 and n=20). The authors identified 3 overarching themes: (1) Digital mental health tools are unlikely to be successful if they rely solely on youth help-seeking. (2) A single approach is unlikely to appeal to all. Participants had diverse, noncompatible preferences in terms of look or feel of an app or digital tool. The authors identified 4 user groups players or gamers, engagers, sceptics, and straight-talkers. These groups differed by age and degree of current mental health need and preferred gamified or fun approaches, were open to a range of approaches, were generally disinterested, or preferred direct-to-the-point, serious approaches, respectively. (3) Digital mental health tools should provide an immediate response to a range of different issues and challenges that a young person may face. Conclusions: Defining the preferences of different groups of users may be important for increasing engagement with digital therapies even within specific population and mental health-need groups. This study demonstrates the importance of scoping possible user needs to inform design processes.
المهارات ومستوى الأداء لرجال الأمن العام وأثرها في احتواء الحراك الشعبي في المجتمع الأردني
Authors: Aljbour Rami A. , Abumelhim Mohammad H. , Al-Shurman Yousef , Wrykaat Ayed
Published: July 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على المهارات ومستوى الأداء لرجال الأمن العام ودورها في احتواء الحراك الشعبي في المجتمع الأردني، وعلاقتها بمنع تفاقم هذا الحراك ووصوله إلى مرحلة العنف الذي يهدد استقرار المجتمع، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم سحب عينة عشوائية تكونت من (359) فردًا من المشاركين في الحراك الشعبي بالعاصمة «عمان»، وبالتحديد منطقة الجامع الحسيني في وسط المدينة، ومن المشاركين من مختلف المحافظات الأردنية، وقد تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات الميدانية، واعتمدت الدراسة في منهجيتها على منهج المسح الاجتماعي بأسلوب العينة العشوائية لجمع البيانات وتحليلها باستخدام الأساليب الإحصائية الوصفية والاستدلالية، مثل: تحليل التباين الأحادي، وتحليل الانحدار المتعدد، وأظهرت النتائج أن مستوى توافر المهارات لدى رجال الأمن في التعامل مع الحراك الشعبي حصل على درجة متوسطة بمتوسط حسابي عام (3.29)، وأن هناك أثرًا ذا دلالة إحصائية لهذه المهارات في منع تفاقم الحراك الشعبي، وأظهرت النتائج أن مستوى أداء رجال الأمن للواجبات المنوطة بهم خلال الحراك الشعبي جاء بدرجة مرتفعة أيضًا، بمتوسط حسابي عام (3.52)، وأن هناك أثرًا ذا دلالة إحصائية لمستوى أداء رجال الأمن للواجبات المنوطة بهم لاحتواء الحراك الشعبي، وأوصت الدراسة بناءً على نتائجها بضرورة عقد دورات متخصصة لرجال الأمن في مجال المهارات اللازمة للتعامل مع الحراك الشعبي.
HUMANIZED CHILDBIRTH: A TRANSDICIPLINARY REVIEW
Authors: Marques Fernanda Cessel , Vilela João Vítor Mendes , Costa Emanoel Nascimento , Andrade Kenne Samara , De Melo Nayra Carla , Honorato Eduardo J.S. , Lemos E Sônia Maria
Published: July 2020

The Humanized Childbirth movement is characterized by the intellectual, technical, and professional union of several areas that focus on the quality of care received by pregnant women, babies, and family members during the process of childbirth. In the last four decades, specific knowledge about the birth process has undergone several updates, mainly concerning less interventionist assistance. However, in many contexts, labor is still seen as pathological or non-physiological and culminates in questionable interventions in the female body. This profound distortion in childbirth care is determined by multiple historical, structural, and cyclical factors that directly affect the way society in general and the health area, in particular, face the female sex. Thus, it is imperative to critically discuss childbirth care with contextualization of gender, cultural, structural, and scientific issues (Evidence-Based Medicine) to guarantee the protection of the person about violations of sexual and reproductive rights. The approach of this literature review focused on the multiple meanings of the humanization process of childbirth care, with the concern of being transdisciplinary.
Estructura Sectorial y Productividad de la Economía Española
Authors: Campoy-Muñoz P. , Delgado M. C.
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se analiza la evolución reciente de la economía española que, tras una fase de expansión en la que había logrado un importante avance en la convergencia de bienestar con otros países europeos y con Estados Unidos, sufre el impacto de la Gran Recesión. En primer lugar, el estudio se centra en la estructura productiva de la economía española durante los años 2000 a 2015, caracterizando el modelo productivo español y analizando la contribución de los grandes sectores productivos al crecimiento económico. A continuación, el trabajo se focaliza en la productividad del trabajo en España y se contextualiza en el ámbito internacional. Los resultados señalan que la senda de convergencia internacional de la economía española se debe, fundamentalmente, a la evolución de su población ocupada.
The Language Choice as A Reflection of Islamic Communication in The Quran-Japanese Translation
Authors: Rahayu Ely Triasih , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Ittishâl in Arabic language means message connectivity within a communication process. In Islam, a communication process requires the precision of language users in choosing a language. Language choice in Islamic communication aims at maintaining a positive relationship among humans (hablumminannâs), and humans’ sincere love to God (hablumminallâh). This qualitative research which data source is from surah An-Nisâʼ discusses how the Quran translated into Japanese language distinguishes language choices for humans (as God Servants) and those intended to praise God. There are noun word choices for God which are initiated with the kanji marker go/o (御) and not found in those referring to humans. Furthermore, there are respectful verbs (songkeigo) to praise the God’s actions, yet not for humans’. These language choice’s differences are intended to educate humans not to be arrogant or to always be humble because only God is the Sublime. The other objective is as the communication guidance in Islam, especially in performing prayers to always use polite languages to praise God that a sincere love will be created from the servants to the God.
The Paradigm of Science Integration in Islamic University: The Historicity and Development Pattern of Islamic Studies in Indonesia
Authors: Efrinaldi Efrinaldi , Andiko Toha , Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman
Published: July 2020

This article aims to discuss the patterns of science integration in Islamic universities in Indonesia and the development models. This study used qualitative method, the data source consists of informants and documentation, as well as data collection techniques carried out through in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions and documentation review. As results, the application of science integration patterns in several Islamic universities turns out to be different, based on different understanding of the concept of science integration and local socio-cultural settings, according to the their respective established backgrounds. The State Islamic University (UIN) generally applies integration, not Islamization, by combining Islamic science and general science. This is stated in the vision and mission of higher education. As for practice, the implementation of science integration is applied to the faculty through direct policy from the university. In general, Islamic universities in Indonesia have already had a philosophical paradigm, by carrying out a distinctive concept of science integration. In the elaboration aspect of the integration paradigm, it is reflected in the applied curriculum. However, from the explanation, science integration actually aims at integrating religious disciplines with modern technology and science, which is implemented in Islamic higher education in Indonesia. In developing the concept of science integration in each UIN in Indonesia, it has editorial diversity and contextual elaboration with the environment and culture of respective regions.
PERAN KOPERASI SYARIAH SEBAGAI PUSAT KEGIATAN MUAMALAH JAMAAH MASJID (Studi Kasus Koperasi Syariah Baitul Mu’min Komplek Pasir Jati, Desa Jati Endah Kecamatan Cilengkrang Kabupaten Bandung)
Authors: Nurrachmi Intan , Setiawan Setiawan
Published: July 2020

Besides building and developing the socio-economic potential of members and society, Islamic cooperatives are also the center of muamalah activities in an effort to realize and develop a national economy based on the principles of family and economic democracy. The widespread practice of usury especially in the caseof borrowing and investing, and an economy dominated by large companies, makes difficulty for small traders to develop and compete. This resulted in lower economic levels of society. Islamic cooperatives have great potential both in terms of human resources and other supporters. This study examines the role of the Baitul Mu’min Syariah cooperative in reducing the practice of usury and developing the welfare of the Ummah. This is qualitative research that combines library and filed research with an empirical approach. The results showed that the Baitul Mu’min Sharia cooperative was established to improve ukhuwah Islamiyah, the spirit of mutual cooperation and help, and to improve the welfare and prosperity of the congregation. It has contributed greatly to the service of the needs of its members and improve the economy of its members, who are mostly worshipers of the Baitul Mu’min mosque.
THE AGE OF MARRIAGE ON INTERDISIPLINARY ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Sitorus Iwan Romadhan , Yusmita Yusmita
Published: July 2020

Law Number 16 Year 2019 in article 7 provides an age limit for each person who will marry at the age of 19 years for men- and 19 years for women. The age limit given by the law does not look comprehensively in biological, sociological readiness, and so on. The modified law should be able to realize the benefit of the husband and wife in fostering the household. Determination of marriage age aims to protect offspring, create a family that is sawah mawaddah wa rahmah, maintain lineage, maintain family relationships, maintain diversity in the family, and prepare for maturity in the economy by paying attention to various aspects, both aspects, psychological, sociological, biological and certainly religious aspects. so that it can create a family in accordance with the marriage ceremony