bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conteúdo de DNA, ploidia e dimorfismo sexual em Polistes versicolor
Authors:   , Silveira Larissa Fajardo
Published: June 2022

Polistes versicolor (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) é uma espécie eussocial amplamente distribuída pela América do Sul que não apresenta castas morfologicamente determinadas. Estudos anteriores sugerem que apesar de ocorrerem acasalamentos entre indivíduos de um mesmo ninho, não há registros da presença de machos diploides em P. versicolor, que em tese pode ser evitada pela produção exclusiva de machos ou fêmeas por um ninho no período reprodutivo. O presente trabalho visou a investigação de uma população de P. versicolor (86 machos e 24 fêmeas oriundos de 13 ninhos diferentes) coletada na fase de pós-emergência no Campus de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo e armazenada em álcool absoluto. No Cap. 1, utilizamos morfometria geométrica para avaliar o dimorfismo sexual de forma e tamanho das asas à luz das diferenças de ploidia e das especificidades comportamentais de cada sexo. Nossos resultados sugerem que apesar dos machos apresentarem tamanho médio de asas menor do que o das fêmeas, alguns machos apresentaram asas tão grandes quanto as maiores fêmeas, de modo que a diferença de tamanho não pode ser diretamente relacionada à ploidia. A variação na forma das asas dos machos também foi muito maior que das fêmeas, sugerindo a ação de seleção estabilizadora, que limita a variação no formato das asas das fêmeas, o que impactaria negativamente o valor adaptativo da colônia. Com o intuito de quantificar a prevalência de machos diploides na população em estudo e determinar a quantidade de DNA (1C) da espécie, utilizamos, no Cap. 2, a citometria de fluxo. Comparamos os resultados obtidos de espécimes fixados com espécimes recém coletados de P. versicolor e detectamos, em ambas as amostras, células com múltiplas ploidias, tanto em machos quanto em fêmeas. De um total de 23 machos avaliados, encontramos apenas dois machos diploides, ambos coletados nos únicos ninhos da amostras dos quais foram obtidos tanto machos quanto fêmeas. O valor 1C determinado foi 0,65 pg, o maior valor já encontrado em espécies de Polistes. Palavras-chave: Machos diploides. Citometria de fluxo. Poliploidia. Morfometria geométrica. Seleção estabilizadora.
Determinação de blocos experimentais utilizando geoestatística, componentes principais e técnicas de agrupamento
Authors:   , Silva Gustavo Henrique
Published: June 2022

Em experimentos que envolvem o princípio do controle local, a determinação mais assertiva dos blocos experimentais é um ponto que se destaca no planejamento experimental. Uma forma interessante de realizar tal procedimento seria a utilização de técnicas que analisam e agrupam regiões do solo que sejam mais semelhantes entre si, definindo assim blocos mais homogêneos. Assim, objetivou-se definir blocos experimentais para experimentos agrícolas utilizando técnicas de geoestatística, análise de componentes principais e técnicas de agrupamento. Foram usados dados de variáveis químicas de solo de um experimento com cana-de-açúcar. As técnicas de geoestatística foram aplicadas de modo a identificar e caracterizar a variabilidade espacial das variáveis químicas, bem como realizar a krigagem em locais não amostrados. Foi aplicado a técnica de análise de componentes principais, visando reduzir a quantidade de variáveis. Por último, a técnica de agrupamento k-means foi usada para formar os blocos usando os componentes principais que explicaram boa parte da variabilidade contida nas variáveis originais. Das 12 variáveis químicas do solo 10 apresentaram dependência espacial sendo os locais não amostrados interpolados via krigagem ordinária. Os dois outros atributos foram interpolados via técnica do inverso da distância. A análise de componentes principais permitiu reduzir a dimensionalidade dos dados de 12 variáveis para duas, explicando 82,27% da variância inicial. A área experimental foi dividida em 2, 3, 4 e 5 blocos através do algoritmo k-means sendo esses de formato e áreas diversas. A metodologia proposta se mostrou eficaz na delimitação dos blocos, uma vez que esses se apresentam bem uniformes para as variáveis químicas de solo. Palavras-chave: variabilidade espacial. Controle local. Precisão experimental. Krigagem. Delineamento experimental. K-means.
MODELO MATEMÁTICO PARA DEFINIÇÃO DE CENTROS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO EM REDES LOGÍSTICAS DE SUPRIMENTOS PARA PLATAFORMAS DE PETRÓLEO
Authors: Gomes Thiara Cezana , Rosa Rodrigo de Alvarenga
Published: June 2022

Dentre os objetivos da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos está a disponibilidade de produtos e serviços na quantidade, lugar e tempo corretos. Para isso, a localização das instalações na rede de fornecedores, armazéns e clientes é muito relevante. Principalmente, quando se trata de um país com grande extensão territorial como o Brasil. Isso se torna ainda mais relevante quando as redes logísticas em questão tratam de suprimentos com alto valor agregado, como no caso das plataformas de petróleo. Assim, este trabalho busca desenvolver um modelo matemático baseado no Problema de Localização de Facilidades n-echelon para definição de Centros de Distribuição (CD) a serem escolhidos para uma melhor configuração da rede logística de suprimentos de plataformas de exploração e produção de petróleo. Oito diferentes cenários foram criados e executados no solver CPLEX 12.6. Os custos de transporte representaram um percentual de participação, entre 52,0% e 69,0%, dentre todos os demais custos envolvidos na elaboração da rede logística. A maior rentabilidade se mostrou quando caminhões maiores foram usados, em dettrimento aos caminhões com pequena capacidade. Em 50,0% dos casos apenas dois CD foram alocados e a média de ocupação dos CD alocados foi de 72,0%.
Ҳуқуқни қўллаш амалиётида коррупцияга олиб келиши мумкин бўлган айрим омиллар хусусида
Authors: Алоев Улуғбек
Published: June 2022

Мазкур мақолада қонунчилик ҳужжатлари ва ҳуқуқни қўллаш амалиётида учраётган коррупцияни келтириб чиқариши мумкин бўлган айрим омиллар таҳлилқилинган. Халқаро ташкилотларнинг асослантирилган тавсиялари асосида мақолада келтирилган ҳар бир омилни бартараф этишга қаратилган таклифлар илгари сурилган.
Хусусий мулкни ҳимоя қилишга оид норматив-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатлар таҳлили
Authors: Шоназаров Улфат
Published: June 2022

Мазкур мақолада муаллиф хусусий мулкни ҳимоя қилишга оид миллий ва хорижий норматив-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатлар ва улардаги асосий қоидаларнинг таҳлилини амалга оширган. Шунингдек, мақолада муаллиф томонидан хусусий мулкни ҳимоя қилиш соҳасида амалга оширилган айрим назарий манбаларга ҳам мурожаатлар қилингани ҳолда мулкдорга тегишли бўлган хусусий мулк ҳуқуқини ҳимоя қилишнинг назарий жиҳатларига ҳам эътибор қаратилган.
Tourists’ Intentions During COVID-19: Push and Pull Factors in Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Chandra Pratiwi Imas , Novani Santi , Arinta Suryana Lisandy
Published: June 2022

The way people travel has been entirely altered by COVID-19. Additionally, past studies reported that tourist behaviour has shifted because of the pandemic. Therefore, tourism management must identify the variables that impact tourists’ decisions to travel during COVID-19. However, the problem arises since research into tourist motivation, behaviour, and intention to travel in Southeast Asia is still scarce. In light of this issue, this study aims to bridge the gap by analysing tourists’ travel intentions during COVID-19 using the theory of planned behaviour broadened with push and pull factors. An online survey among Indonesians was employed to acquire data using judgment sampling. Three hundred sixty-one surveys were completed, and the data were analysed using the PLS-SEM technique. Based on the findings, only one variable had no significant effect on the intention to travel during COVID-19. Besides that, attitude towards a behaviour was the most potent variable affecting a tourist’s decision to travel. Thus, this study contributes both theoretically and practically.
A Study on Optimization and Allocation of Requirements during the Software Development Life Cycle in Digital Align Private Limited
Authors: P. S. Nethravathi , Pai T. Vaikunta , Bhat Shwetha , Aithal P. S.
Published: June 2022

Background/Purpose: In order to face the challenge of optimization and allocation of necessary requirements to complete a project with in the allocated time period, the project manager must be efficient in applying different technical skills and managerial strategies to the project management process. In order to develop a software and RPA product, a company schedules different process as per the specified order and unique requirements. As the history of project management reminds that most of the industries started to implement this concept by observing the success of mega engineering projects because of the effective utilization of project management concept.
Objective: This work is carried to understand the concepts of project management in software firms. To investigate the implementation and importance of these concepts and to know the role of project manager in managing the process in software development.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Digital Align Private Limited, Mangalore, provides excellent and state-of-the-art customized software and hardware solutions as per the necessities of customers. In order to manage the project activities CEO, CFO and CTO all together acts as project manager. The software development project management process starts by identifying needs and recommending solutions, which can be delivered to value its stakeholders. At the second phase the actual development will begin and the developed software will be tested according to customer requirements.
Findings/Results: Budgeting, cost management, finance planning etc., represented by CPM and PERT charts by using Microsoft Project and Atlassian JIRA project management software. The project resources, which are used to manage the project and allocation of technical staff are represented by histogram. With the help of Gantt Chart software development project schedule of 5 month are shown.
Conclusion: To manage Digital Align business in an effective and gainful manner, the company managed overall internal and external risks of the project. By using the project management software, the company condensed the project manager’s efforts and human errors to manage multiple projects.
Paper Type: Case study-based Research Analysis
Pengaruh Gaya Komunikasi Pimpinan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Pegawai Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja (Studi Kantor Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung)
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi
Published: June 2022

Penelitianiiniibertujuaniuntuk melihat pengaruhidari gaya komunikasi pimpinan terhadappmotivasi kerjaipegawai SatuaniPolisiiPamongiPraja di ProvinsikKepulauan BangkaaBelitung. Jenis penelitian iniaadalah korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan metode penelitian yakni dengan melakukan penyebaran kuisioner. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah pegawai diiSatuaniPolisiaPamonggPrajapProvinsi KepulauannBangkagBelitung. Uji reliabilitasidaniuji validitasidalam penelitianiini digunakanuuntukumelihat tingkat kevalidnya kuesioner penelitian, sedangkaniuji t dilakukaniuntuk mengetahuiiapakah variabelibebas mempunyaiipengaruh yang signifikanrterhadap variabeltterikat. Teknik analisis datammenggunakan analisa statistikddeskriptif dan statistikkinferensial dengan menggunkan analisisiregresillinier sederhana. Berdasarkannhasil pengujian hipotesis, menunjukan bahwarterdapat pengaruhhGaya KomunikasiiPimpinan (X) terhadap MotivasikKerjapPegawai (Y) sebesar 17,7%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, gaya komunikasi pemimpin di Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja berpengaruh kepada pegawainya agar memiliki kemauan bekerja.
Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Pradnya Salunke  , Shraddha Joshi  , Shraddha Joshi  , Prof. Sujay Pawar
Published: June 2022

Brain tumor is the growth of abnormal cells in brain some of which may leads to cancer. The usual method to detect brain tumor is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. From the MRI images information about the abnormal tissue growth in the brain is identified. In various research papers, the detection of brain tumor is done by applying Machine Learning and Deep Learning algorithms. When these algorithms are applied on the MRI images the prediction of brain tumor is done very fast and a higher accuracy helps in providing the treatment to the patients. These prediction also helps the radiologist in making quick decisions. In the proposed work, a self-defined Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is applied in detecting the presence of brain tumor and their performance is analyzed.
Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Anti-Aging Cream of Clitoria Ternatea, Mangifera Indica and Annona Squamosa
Authors: Mohape Vaishali R  , Kanase Jyoti A  , Wakchaure Sayali M  , Prof. Tambe S. E
Published: June 2022

The main objective of the present study is to formulate the polyherbal antiaging cream and evaluation of various parameters of the cream. The evaluation parameters consist of phytochemical evaluation, physiological evaluation, stability studies, homogeneity, appearance, ph, etc. The polyherbal cream was formulated on basis of antioxidant activity of selected plant extracts. The cream was formulated by using natural herbal ingredients like Clitoria Ternatea (Butterfly pea), Mangifera indica (mango), and Annona squamosa (Custard Apple). Extraction of Mangifera indica and Annona Squamosa was carried out by cold maceration where Ethanol and distilled water used as solvent (Hydroalcoholic extraction). Extraction of Clitoria Ternatea was carried out by hot water extraction by using distilled water as a solvent. Phytochemical screening all the three extracts shows presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and phenols. Formulated cream was evaluated by using different parameters such as pH, Appearance, Spreadability, Washability, Irritancy test, Stability Studies, etc. There is no evidence of phase separation and final formulation do not show rashes or redness, edema on skin. These study was suggest that different composition of all three extracts and base used in the cream are more stable and safe. It can be concluded from present study that herbal cream having an antioxidant activity without any side effect and can be used as a provision to barrier of skin and to avoid skin aging.
PENINGKATAN DISIPLIN GURU DALAM KEHADIRAN MENGAJAR DI KELAS
Authors: Tohari Ujang
Published: June 2022

Peningkatan kualitas kinerja guru di lembaga pendidikan menjadi hal penting yang perlu dilakukan oleh pimpinan lembaga. Faktor yang sangat penting antara lain adalah penerapan budaya sekolah kearah peningkatan mutu. Budaya sekolah merupakan hal yang positif yang harus dipertahankan dan dilaksanakan oleh semua warga sekolah tanpa merasa terpaksa. Budaya sekolah yang harus dipertahankan salah satunya adalah masalah kedisiplinan, termasuk disiplin para guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada proses belajar mengajar. Usaha untuk meningkatkan disiplin para guru dapat diupayakan melalui bermacam-macam cara. Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) ini, dicobakan tindakan berupa penerapan reward and punishment untuk para guru di SMK Negeri 1 Kemang Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, karena dari hasil penelitian dan analisa data, ternyata pada siklus kedua, kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada proses belajar mengajar meningkat dan memenuhi indikator yang telah ditetapkan sebesar 60%. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan disiplin guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan stimulus yang signifikan seperti teori reward and pusnishment
Physiological Comfort in Climatic Stations (Ramadi, Anah, Rutba) Using Effective Temperature Index and Oligae Classification
Authors: Al- Dulaimi Marwan Ghalib Yassen , Al-Karbouli Ali Suleiman Erzaik Abbas
Published: June 2022

Iraq's climate is one of the changing climates since the Quaternary era until now, as it has gone through rainy and dry eras. The climate and its direct and indirect impact is one of the important studies of human physiological functions and its impact on the sense of comfort in most of the world's climates. As a result, the physiological comfort was studied in the climatic stations (Ramahi, Anah, and Rutba) using the effective temperature horn and the Oligae classification, as the study found that the winter and summer seasons were characterized by discomfort in all study stations. As for the months (October and April), they were characterized by perfect comfort. As for the rest of the months in the fall and spring, they varied between comfortable and transitional. While the winter and summer seasons were characterized by discomfort during the day and during the night as well, with the exception of the wet station, which was characterized by the ideal comfort in the summer.
Crime of Sexual Bribery
Authors: Ali Nagham Hamad , Monajed Ziad Abboud
Published: June 2022

Generally, the crime of bribery and sexual bribery in particular, is one of the most dangerous crimes in the history of criminal law. It is classified as administrative and financial corruption crime due to its psychological impact on the victims as well as on all social and economic levels of the state. All countries would seek to combat these kinds of crimes in multiple ways via an enacted bill of laws that criminalize these acts and assigning them the appropriate punishment that at least leads to the alleviation of this social plight. In addition, what increases the peril of this type of the crime of bribery is that it associated with acts that are twofold illegal, where the employee obtains illegitimate benefit in return for doing or abstaining from an act of public service. Thus, this benefit, constitutes a legal violation. This legal violation is manifested when the employee asks for himself or someone else a sexual favor in return for performing an act of public service where this sexual favor is deemed a bribe.
The Correlation Between Literature and Its Function
Authors: Naji Mustafa Majeed , Badawi Khaled Farag
Published: June 2022

Criticism is considered a motivating factor, whatever its nature. It sheds light on creativity and makes it free of impurities. It analyzes the artwork, sifters its content, evaluates what is good, and extracts what is bad, thus providing arguments and proofs, so it is a positive correlation between criticism and creativity, whether poetry or prose. As criticism in its development through the literary ages was present accompanying the creative process, understanding literary genres, including criticism, generates many key elements that govern the literary text.
Electronic Public Relations Campaigns and Their Role in Health Awareness, An Analytical Study of the Website of Iraqi's Health Ministry On Facebook
Authors: Al-Jabiri Mohamed Hamed Abed
Published: June 2022

The research seeks to identify the role of electronic public relations campaigns in health awareness carried out by the Iraqi Ministry of Health during the emergence of the Corona virus, which has become an epidemic that the world has been exposed to completely through an analytical study of the Ministry of Health’s Facebook website. The importance of this research comes from the fact that it deals with a vital and important topic centered on electronic public relations campaigns and its role in promoting health awareness and taking health preventive measures to limit the spread of the pandemic through the Ministry of Health Facebook page. The research included three sections: the first was concerned with (the methodological framework of the research), and it included: the research problem and its questions, the importance of the research and the research objectives, as for the second topic, it included campaigns in electronic public relations, and it touched on: the concept of campaigns, their importance, objectives and types. As for the third topic, it included the analytical study of electronic public relations campaigns on the Facebook page of the Iraqi Ministry of Health and presentation of the results of the analytical study, research, results and recommendations. The research reached a number of results, most notably, the issue of promoting awareness and guidance is one of the most important contents of electronic public relations campaigns on the Ministry of Health's Facebook page. The Ministry of Health has been interested in employing communication strategies to prioritize it towards limiting the spread of the pandemic (Covid 19), as the media strategy formed the main pillar on which the Ministry relied in its electronic public relations campaigns.
Flört Şiddeti Tutumlarının Belirli Değişkenler ve Romantik İlişkilerde Akılcı Olmayan İnançlara Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞENOL Alperen , ALBAYRAK İbrahim , ULUMAN Müge
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada, öğretmen adaylarının flört şiddeti tutumlarının çeşitli kişisel değişkenler ve romantik ilişkilerde akılcı olmayan inançlar ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu bir devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesine bağlı bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 290 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler kişisel bilgi formu, Flört Şiddeti Tutumları Ölçeği, Romantik İlişkilerde Akılcı Olmayan İnançlar Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları öğretmen adaylarının flört şiddetine yönelik tutumlarının, flört şiddetini desteklemedikleri yönünde olduğunu göstermektedir. Cinsiyete göre incelendiğinde, flört şiddeti tutumlarının kadınların lehine olduğu görülmüştür. Bireylerin cinsiyetine göre flört şiddeti tutumları alt ölçekler ile incelendiğinde, genel şiddet alt boyutundan alınan puanlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmaz iken; fiziksel, duygusal, ekonomik ve cinsel şiddet boyutlarında kadınların lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının flört şiddeti konusunda tutumları flört ilişki deneyimlerine ve yaşadığı flört deneyim süresine göre incelendiğinde gözlenen farklılıkların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı görülmektedir. Araştırma bulgularına göre flört şiddeti tutumları ile romantik ilişkilerde akılcı olmayan inançlar arasında orta düzey, negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmektedir.
Speaker discrimination as a function of vowel realization: does focus affect perception?
Authors: Heeren Willemijn , Voeten Cesko , Marks Tessi
Published: June 2022

The acoustic-phonetic characteristics of speech sounds are influenced by their linguistic position in the syllable or sentence. Because of acoustic-phonetic differences between different speech sounds, sounds vary in the amount of speaker information they contain. However, do spectral and durational differences between realizations of the same sound that were sampled from different linguistic positions also impact speaker information? We investigated speaker discrimination in [−focus] versus [+focus] word realizations. Twenty-one Dutch listeners participated in a same-different task, using stimuli varying in focus, vowel ([aː], [u]), and word context ([ɦ_k], [v_t]), spoken by 11 different speakers. Results showed that an effect of focus on speaker-dependent information was present, but limited to words containing [u]. Moreover, performance on [u] words was influenced by (interactions of) word context and trial type (same-vs. different-speaker). Context-dependent changes in a speech sound’s acoustics may affect its speaker-dependent information, albeit under specific conditions only.
The effect of ice supersaturation and thin cirrus on lapse rates in the upper troposphere
Authors: Gierens Klaus , Wilhelm Lena , Hofer Sina , Rohs Susanne
Published: June 2022

Abstract. In this paper, the effects of ice-supersaturated regions and thin,
subvisual cirrus clouds on lapse rates are examined. For that,
probability distribution and density functions of
the lapse rate and the potential temperature gradients from
10 years of
measurement data from the MOZAIC/IAGOS project and ERA5 reanalysis
data were produced, and an analysis of an example case of an ice-supersaturated region with a large vertical extent is performed. For
the study of the probability distribution and density functions, a
distinction is made between ice-subsaturated and ice-supersaturated air
masses (persistent contrails)
and
situations of particularly high ice supersaturation that allow the formation of optically thick and strongly warming contrails.
The estimation of the lapse rates involves two adjacent standard pressure levels of the reanalysis surrounding MOZAIC's measurement/flight points. If the upper of these levels is in the stratosphere, the distribution function for subsaturated cases shows much lower lapse rates than those of supersaturated cases. If all levels are in the troposphere, the distributions become more similar, but the average lapse rates are still higher in supersaturated than in subsaturated cases, and the distributions peak at higher values and are narrower in ice-supersaturated regions (ISSRs)
than elsewhere. This narrowing is particularly pronounced if there is substantial supersaturation. For the examination of an example case, ERA5 data and forecasts
from ICON-EU (DWD) are compared. ERA5 data, in particular,
show a large ice-supersaturated region below
the tropopause, which was pushed up by uplifting air, while the data
of ICON-EU indicate areas of saturation. The lapse rate in this ice-supersaturated region (ISSR),
which is large, is associated with clouds and
high relative humidity.
Supersaturation and cloud formation result from uplifting of air layers.
The temperature gradient within an uplifting layer steepens,
for both dry and moist air.
As soon as condensation or ice formation starts in the upper part of a lifting layer,
the release of latent heat begins to decrease the lapse rate, but radiation starts to act in the opposite direction, keeping the lapse rate high. The highest lapse rates close to the stability limit can only be reached in potentially unstable situations.
Convective updrafts near sea-breeze fronts
Authors: Fu Shizuo , Rotunno Richard , Xue Huiwen
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Sea-breeze fronts (SBFs) are frequently found to trigger
deep convection. The convective updrafts near the SBF are critical in this
triggering process. Here, the size and strength of the updrafts near an
idealized SBF are investigated with large-eddy simulations. A central focus
of this study is to compare the updrafts near the SBF, which are
substantially affected by the SBF, to the updrafts ahead of the SBF, which
develop in a typical convective boundary layer. It is found that the
updrafts near the SBF are larger than but have similar strength to the updrafts ahead of the SBF. The larger updrafts near the SBF are produced
through the merger between the postfrontal streaky structures and the
updrafts originating near the SBF. Lagrangian budget analysis of vertical
momentum reveals that the dynamics experienced by the parcels constituting
the updrafts near the SBF is almost the same as that ahead of the SBF, so
that the strength of the updrafts near the SBF is similar to that ahead of
the SBF. It is also found that when the environmental wind is not included,
the size and strength of the updrafts near the SBF scale with the
boundary-layer height and the convective velocity scale, respectively, like
those in the typical convective boundary layer; however, when the
environmental wind is included, the aforementioned scaling breaks down. The
present results should also apply to other boundary-layer convergence lines
similar to the SBF.
Indoor/outdoor air exchange affects indoor radon – the use of a scale model room to develop a mitigation strategy
Authors: Lucchetti Carlo , Galli Gianfranco , Tuccimei Paola
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Indoor/outdoor air exchange on indoor radon concentration
was investigated. We evaluated the effect of air extraction versus air
introduction at different flow rates on equilibrium 222Rn activity
concentrations in a scale model room of 62 cm × 50 cm × 35 cm (inner length
x width × height), made of a porous, radium and thorium-rich lithoid
ignimbrite (Tufo di Gallese) from Vico volcano (Lazio, central Italy).
Experiments were carried either with the inner walls of the chamber covered
with a plasterboard shield or without any inner coating. Air introduction
was always more effective than air extraction to reduce indoor 222Rn
and, in both cases, higher flow rates produced higher 222Rn decreases.
The presence of the plasterboard enhanced 222Rn reduction when outdoor
air was introduced in the chamber. Main results were that, with
plasterboard, maximum reductions of 89.5 % and 25.0 % were obtained
introducing and extracting air, respectively; without plasterboard, we found
maximum radon decreases of 33.2 % and 26.6 %, namely with air
introduction or extraction. The diffusion of 222Rn through the walls of
the scale model room was modelled with a modified version of Fick's second
law, where a term considering air flow velocity was added. These findings
suggested that the combined use of proper coatings on the inner walls of a
house and outdoor air introduction at suitable rates are a good strategy to
approach radon mitigation actions.
A two-step merging strategy for incorporating multi-source precipitation products and gauge observations using machine learning classification and regression over China
Authors: Lei Huajin , Zhao Hongyu , Ao Tianqi
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Although many multi-source precipitation products (MSPs) with high
spatiotemporal resolution have been extensively used in water cycle
research, they are still subject to various biases, including false alarm
and missed bias. Precipitation merging technology is an effective means to
alleviate this uncertainty. However, how to efficiently improve precipitation detection efficiency and precipitation intensity simultaneously is a problem worth exploring. This study presents a two-step
merging strategy based on machine learning (ML) algorithms, including
gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and random forest (RF). It incorporates six state-of-the-art MSPs (GSMaP, IMERG, PERSIANN-CDR, CMORPH, CHIRPS, and ERA5-Land) and rain gauges to improve the accuracy of precipitation identification and estimation from 2000 to 2017 over China. Multiple environment variables and spatial autocorrelation are combined in the merging process. The strategy first employs classification models to identify wet and dry days and then combines regression models to predict precipitation amounts based on classified wet days. The merged results are compared with traditional methods, including multiple linear regression (MLR), ML regression models, and gauge-based Kriging interpolation. A total of 1680 (70 %) rain gauges are randomly chosen for model training and 692 (30 %) for performance evaluation. The results show that (1) the multi-source merged precipitation products (MSMPs) outperformed all original MSPs in terms of statistical and categorical metrics, which substantially alleviates the temporal and spatial biases. The modified Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), critical success index (CSI), and Heidke Skill Score (HSS) of original MSPs are improved by 15 %–85 %, 17 %–155 %, and 21 %–166 %, respectively. (2) The spatial autocorrelation plays a significant role in precipitation merging, which considerably improves the model accuracy. (3) The performance of MSMPs obtained by the proposed method is superior to MLR, Kriging interpolation, and ML regression models. The XGBoost algorithm is recommended more for large-scale data merging owing to its high computational efficiency. (4) The two-step merging strategy performs better when higher-density gauges are used to model training. However, it has strong robustness and can also obtain better performance than original MSPs even when the gauge number is reduced to 10 % (237). This study provides an accurate and reliable method to improve precipitation detection accuracy under complex climatic and topographic conditions. It could be applied to other areas well if rain gauges are available.
Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment of the Built Environment in Srinagar City, Kashmir Himalaya, Using GIS
Authors: Fayaz Midhat , Romshoo Shakil , Rashid Irfan , Chandra Rakesh
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The study investigates the earthquake vulnerability of buildings in Srinagar, an urban city in the Kashmir Himalaya, India. The city, covering an area of around 246 km2 and divided into 69 municipal wards, is situated in the tectonically active and densely populated mountain ecosystem. Given the haphazard development and high earthquake vulnerability of the city, it is critical to assess the vulnerability of the built environment to inform policymaking for developing effective earthquake risk reduction strategies. Integrating various parameters in GIS using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approaches, the ward-wise vulnerability of buildings revealed that a total of ~17 km2 area (~7 % area; 23 wards) has very high to high Vulnerability; Moderate Vulnerability affects ~69 km2 of the city area (28 %; 19 wards); ~160 km2 area (~65 % area; 27 wards) has vulnerability ranging from very low to low. Overall, the downtown city is most vulnerable to earthquake damage due to the high risk of pounding, high building density, and narrower roads, with little or no open spaces. The modern uptown city, on the other hand, has lower earthquake vulnerability due to the relatively wider roads and low building density. To build a safe and resilient city for its 1.5 million citizens, the knowledge generated in this study would inform action plans for developing earthquake risk reduction measures, which should include strict implementation of the building codes, retrofitting of the vulnerable buildings and creating a disaster consciousness among its citizenry.
High-resolution debris cover mapping using UAV-derived thermal imagery: limits and opportunities
Authors: Gök Deniz Tobias , Scherler Dirk , Anderson Leif Stefan
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers are widespread in high mountain ranges on Earth. However, the dynamic evolution of debris-covered glacier surfaces is not well understood, in part due to difficulties of mapping debris cover thickness in high spatiotemporal resolution. In this study we present land surface temperatures (LST) and its diurnal variability measured from an unpiloted aerial vehicle (UAV) at high spatial resolution. We test two common approaches to derive debris thickness maps by (1) solving a surface energy balance model (SEBM) in conjunction with meteorological reanalysis data and (2) least squares regression of a rational curve using debris thickness field measurements. In addition, we take advantage of the measured diurnal temperature cycle and estimate the rate of change of heat storage within the debris cover. Both approaches resulted in debris thickness estimates with a RMSE of 6 to 8 cm between observed and modelled debris thicknesses, depending on the time of the day. The diurnal variability of the LST controls the relationship between LST and debris thickness and the non-linearity increases with increasing LST. During the warming phase of the debris cover, the LST depends strongly on the terrain aspect, rendering clear-sky morning flights that do not account for aspect-effects problematic. Our sensitivity analysis of various parameters in the SEBM highlights the relevance of the effective thermal conductivity when LST is high. Residual and variable bias of UAV-derived LSTs during a flight require calibration, which we achieve with bare ice surfaces. The model performance would benefit from more accurate LST measurements, which are difficult to achieve with uncooled sensors.
Marcos teóricos para comprender y explicar los procesos de mentoría en investigación
Authors: Terrasa Sergio Adrian
Published: June 2022

En este artículo especial, el tercero de una serie publicada en EVIDENCIA, el autor resume cuatro marcos teóricos adicionales que ayudan a comprender los procesos de la mentoría en investigación: la teoría ecológica de los sistemas, la teoría del intercambio social, la teoría de las redes sociales y la pedagogía de la formación doctoral. Para finalizar, integra los contenidos realizando una comparación de los todos los marcos teóricos comentados en esta serie, en términos de sus diferencias y sus puntos de intersección.
ВЕРХОВЕНСТВО ПРАВА ЯК ОСНОВОПОЛОЖНИЙ КОНСТИТУЦІЙНИЙ ПРИНЦИП ЗАКОНОДАВЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Томкіна Олена Олексіївна
Published: June 2022

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі реалізації в Україні конституційного принципу верховенства права у сфері законодавчої діяльності. Авторкою здійснений теоретико-правовий аналіз цього принципу в зазначеній сфері, сутності, змісту і форми «правового закону». У статті зазначається, що недостатній, а подекуди низький рівень якості законів негативно позначається на ефективності дії норм права, несе у собі потенційні і реальні ризики порушення прав людини, які, по суті, виступають єдиним критерієм перевірки законів на відповідність принципу верховенства права – засадничого конституційного принципу, що визнається і діє в Україні. Авторкою підкреслено, що, попри різні доктринальні підходи стосовно інтерпретації принципу верховенства права («поелементний», «інтегральний», ін.), він посідає загальнозасадниче місце в конституційному правовому полі. Верховенство права – один із основних критеріїв конституційності законів, тому стан реалізації принципу верховенства права у законодавчій діяльності відіграє велике значення для юридичної оцінки на їх конституційність. Аналіз показав, що «узагальнений смисл принципу верховенства права» у сфері законодавчої діяльності розкривається насамперед через категорію правового за змістом і формою закону. Тобто дія принципу верховенства права спрямована на прийняття відповідно до чітко регламентованої процедури правових законів, зміст і цілі яких визначаються правами людини. Зроблено висновок, що принцип верховенства права зобов’язує державу визнавати природні права людини як атрибутивні властивості особистості, дотримуватися та захищати їх. Саме права людини є межами публічної влади та її розсуду, які (межі) не можуть бути нею подолані без ризику втрати своєї легітимності.
ЧАСОВА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ВІДНОСИН ІЗ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВИКОНАННЯ ЗОБОВ’ЯЗАНЬ
Authors: Гуйван Петро Дмитрович
Published: June 2022

Ця праця присвячена науковому аналізу розвитку та правового опосередкування відносин щодо забезпечення виконання цивільних зобов’язань. Встановлені законом засоби розглядаються з огляду на їхнє призначення як додаткові заходи, що покликані гарантувати інтереси кредитора у разі порушення обов’язків з боку боржника. Тож у темпоральному вимірі вони мають два сутнісні прояви, які де-факто реалізують подвійне призначення забезпечень: як стимулу до належного та своєчасного виконання обов’язку та шляхом надання можливості реально виконати його з інших джерел, а іноді навіть додатково покарати порушника. Розглянуті доктринальні концепції щодо застосування засобів, котрі, будучи спрямованими проти несправних виконавців та виконуючи роль спонукання до виконання, гарантували б виконання. Вивчено питання про відділення захисного та стимулюючого елементів з урахуванням темпорального розмежування моментів їхнього виникнення та часу існування. Перша стадія починається від часу укладення забезпечувальної угоди як акцесорного елементу регулятивного відношення та триває до моменту порушення забезпеченого суб’єктивного права. Друга стадія забезпечення розпочинається від часу правопорушення, тобто вже в межах охоронного відношення. На ній забезпечувальні заходи набувають дієвості, «включаються», що виявляється у виникненні відповідного додаткового обов’язку несправного боржника чи третьої особи, пов’язаного з усуненням порушення основного (забезпеченого) матеріального права кредитора. Автор наголошує на невиправданому змішуванні законодавцем указаних функцій, що часто призводить до підміни забезпечувального характеру відповідальністю. Нинішнє нормативне зведення докупи у главі 49 ЦКУ всіх способів забезпечення виконання зобов’язань: тих, що є засобами цивільно-правової відповідальності (неустойка, завдаток), і ті, що такими не є (гарантія, порука, застава), є досить спрощеним підходом, неправильним по суті, бо зазначені функції мають свій прояв у різні періоди розвитку правовідношення. Пропонується виключити неустойку із переліку способів забезпечення виконання зобов’язання, бо вона не відповідає програмним засадам вказаного інституту цивільного права.
СПІВУЧАСТЬ У ДЕЛІКТІ, АБО ЩО СЛІД РОЗУМІТИ ПІД ЗАВДАННЯМ ШКОДИ «СПІЛЬНИМИ ДІЯМИ АБО БЕЗДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ»
Authors: Карнаух Богдан Петрович
Published: June 2022

На відміну від кримінального права, деліктне право України не знає поняття співучасті у делікті. Найближчий аналог – стаття 1190 ЦК України, яка передбачає солідарну відповідальність у разі завдання шкоди «спільними діями або бездіяльністю». Утім точного визначення, що саме слід розуміти під «спільним заподіянням» ані в законодавстві, ані в доктрині немає. Гіпотетично in abstracto мислимими є дві версії – вузька і широка. За вузького потрактування спільне заподіяння означає наявність двох і більше співвиконавців делікту. За широкого – наявність двох і більше співучасників, незалежно від того, які їхні ролі (виконавець, організатор, пособник чи підбурювач). У судовій практиці щодо статті 1190 ЦК України застосовуються подвійні стандарти. З одного боку, коли йдеться про шкоду, завдану злочином, суди для застосування статті вимагають доведення «спільного злочинного наміру», тобто, що всі співучасники діяли умисно. З іншого боку, коли йдеться про делікти, що не є одночасно злочинами, то спільне заподіяння може складатися в тому числі із необережних дій. Другий підхід, зокрема, застосовують у випадках, коли внаслідок зіткнення двох автомобілів шкоди зазнають треті особи (пасажири, пішоходи тощо). У статті обґрунтовується, що тлумачення «спільного заподіяння» має бути уніфікованим: воно не повинно варіювати залежно від того, є делікт одночасно і кримінальним правопорушенням, чи ні. А запозичення деліктним правом здобутків кримінального доречне, але воно має означати, що в деліктному праві юридично значима причетність включає щонайменше всі ті ролі, які визнаються юридично значимими у кримінальному праві. Солідарна деліктна відповідальність має покладатися, крім співвиконавця, також і на організатора, пособника і підбурювача делікту. Більше того, коло осіб, чия причетність є юридично значимою із точки зору деліктного права, має бути навіть ширшим, аніж у кримінальному праві. Разом із тим точні контури цього кола потребують іще подальших досліджень.
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Keuangan Terhadap Keharmonisan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Ranti Nurdiansari  , Anis Sriwahyuni
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengelolaan keuangan rumah tangga terhadap keharmonisan rumah tangga. Adapun yang menjadi latar belakang penulisan ini yaitu karena semakin meningkatnya angka perceraian yang terjadi khususnya di Sukabumi dimana salah satu faktor penyebab nya yaitu faktor ekonomi. Di dalam sebuah keluarga banyak sekali permasalahan yang terjadi, permasalahan tersebut terjadi karena beberapa faktor, salah satunya yaitu karena faktor keuangan. Permasalahan yang terjadi karena faktor keuangan bisa disebabkan karena kelebihan atau kekurangan uang, atau kurangnya kemampuan dalam mengelola keuangan sehingga pengeluaran melebihi pemasukan. Dalam pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menekankan pada kedalaman data yang didapatkan oleh peneliti dengan teknik  wawancara terhadap narasumber menggunakan snowball sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan dalam pengelolaan keuangan  akan berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan dan keharmonisan keluarga.
Front Matter
Authors: BOROVCNIK MANFRED , KAPLAN JENNIFER J.
Published: June 2022

First published February 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
EDITORIAL FROM THE SPECIAL-ISSUES CO-EDITOR OF SERJ
Authors: BOROVCNIK MANFRED
Published: June 2022

First published February 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Thay đổi chỉ số xương hàm sau điều trị sai khớp cắn loại II tiểu loại 1 có nhổ bốn răng hàm nhỏ
Authors: Hồng Võ Thị Thuý , Thảo Đỗ Lê Phương , Phương Nguyễn Thị Thu
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định sự thay đổi chỉ số xương hàm trên phim sọ nghiêng Cephalometrics của các bệnh nhân điều trị khớp cắn loại II tiểu loại 1 có nhổ bốn răng hàm nhỏ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy góc SNA giảm 0,15 ± 2,260 và góc SNB tăng 0,15 ± 1,560 không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Các chỉ số góc GoGn-SN, chiều cao tầng mặt trước N-Me thay đổi ít lần lượt nhỏ hơn 10, 1mm không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Như vậy, phân tích trên phim Cephalometrics cho thấy nền xương hàm trên và dưới không thay đổi theo chiều trước sau và theo chiều đứng ở các bệnh nhân khớp cắn loại II tiểu loại 1 có nhổ bốn răng hàm nhỏ điều trị nắn chỉnh răng.
Loạt ca lâm sàng: Áp xe phần mềm khởi phát muộn sau tiêm chất làm đầy Acid Hyaluronic
Authors: Dung Phạm Thị Việt , Tuấn Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: June 2022

Tiêm chất làm đầy Acid Hyaluronic vùng mặt tuy là kỹ thuật ít xâm lấn nhưng nhiều biến chứng đã được ghi nhận trên lâm sàng. Tác giả giới thiệu 3 ca lâm sàng bị áp xe khởi phát chậm sau khi tiêm chất là đầy vùng mặt ở SPA. Thời gian khởi phát nhiễm trùng từ 1 - 3 năm sau tiêm. Vi khuẩn cấy từ ổ áp xe là P. aeruginosa hoặc S. aureus, đều nhạy với nhiều loại kháng sinh. Các bệnh nhân được điều trị hiệu quả bằng trích rạch áp xe và dùng kháng sinh toàn thân. Nguyên nhân gây ra áp xe muộn ở vùng được tiêm chất làm đầy chưa thực sự rõ ràng. Giả thuyết sự hình thành bao biofilm giữ vi khuẩn không tiếp xúc với mô và nằm im trong thời gian dài liên quan đến chất làm đầy không rõ nguồn gốc hoặc chưa đảm bảo vô trùng trong kỹ thuật tiêm hoặc nhiễm trực tiếp từ da do chất làm đầy được tiêm sát các nang lông và tuyến bã được cho là nguyên nhân khởi phát áp xe muộn. Dẫn lưu và kháng sinh toàn thân là giải pháp hiệu quả cho loại biến chứng này.
Một số yếu tố liên quan đến rối loạn trầm cảm ở người bệnh suy tim điều trị tại Viện Tim mạch - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai
Authors: Tâm Dương Minh , Ngọc Trần Nguyễn
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu rối loạn trầm cảm ở người bệnh suy tim với mục tiêu phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan đến trầm cảm ở người bệnh suy tim điều trị tại Viện Tim mạch - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Bằng phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang ở 128 người bệnh suy tim điều trị nội trú tại Viện Tim mạch, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, được chẩn đoán xác định suy tim. Kết quả: Sau khi nghiên cứu 128 người bệnh chúng tôi nhận thấy người bệnh suy tim có trầm cảm có độ tuổi trung bình cao hơn nhóm suy tim không có trầm cảm (p < 0,05). Người bệnh suy tim có tuổi ≥ 65 tuổi có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm cao hơn 2,6 lần người bệnh suy tim < 65 tuổi. Nữ giới mắc suy tim nhiều hơn nam giới (51,6% và 48,4%). Nữ giới có suy tim có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm hơn nam giới suy tim 2,1 lần. Những trường hợp suy tim có tình trạng góa có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm gấp 4,9 lần những người đang sống cùng vợ/chồng. Người bệnh suy tim độ IV có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm gấp 8,4 lần người bệnh suy tim độ II và người bệnh có thời gian chẩn đoán suy tim từ 5 - 10 năm có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm cao hơn người bệnh mắc suy tim dưới 1 tháng 5,1 lần. Người bệnh suy tim được gia đình hỗ trợ hoàn toàn có nguy cơ trầm cảm cao hơn người không cần hỗ trợ 8,2 lần. Cuối cùng những người suy tim còn làm được những công việc cũ nhưng kém hơn trước và những suy tim không làm được các việc cũ có nguy cơ mắc trầm cảm cao hơn người suy tim còn làm được các công việc cũ lần lượt là 3,3 và 14,4 lần.