bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reputation Damage Minimization at Accident on Gas Pipeline System with Use of Smart Contracts and SAP Integration Technologies (on the Example of Gazprom PJSC)
Authors: Мельников Кирилл , Melnikov Kirill
Published: February 2018

In this paper an integrated approach to a problem related to minimization of gas supplier’s reputation losses connected with accidents on a gas pipeline and disruption of gas delivery to a consumer with the help of smart contracts is stated. Nowadays analysts and methodologists of pipeline companies perform assessment of expected and actual material expenses at an accident on GTS objects. Account and analytics of reputation losses either isn’t conducted in all, or is implemented in the frame of separate business processes which aren’t integrated into processes of enterprise budget’s management and planning. Such situation is disconcertingly. In the era of globalization the cost of a company and its business reputation depends significantly on the attitude towards it in society. In Europe and USA the major oil and gas companies invest huge money in increasing of their positive image in the eyes of population. Any significant accident which has happened in unforeseen time and unsuccessful place can completely destroy reputation of any company. Modern corporate IT-decisions allow unite a number of data flows in the uniform analytical module now. Information collected in such modules in Gazprom PJSC helps to solve optimizing problems both within planning of material inputs, and within accounting of reputation expenses. In this work a theoretical model for assessment of reputation losses at an accident on a linear part of a gas transmission system (GTS) of Gazprom PJSC is given. Modern theoretical models for definition of function of supplier’s reputation losses have been used. The review of possible application for SAP decisions and Blockchain technology in current business processes of Gazprom JSC in the frame of the problem solution is given. For a clear understanding how to integrate this decision into existing business processes the graphic description of the decision work scheme is given. The principles of this approach can be applied not only in working processes of Gazprom PJSC, but also adapted according to other pipeline companies’ needs. Possible fast introduction of cryptoruble in Russia can offer new prospects for mass introduction of this tool in the context of smart contracts.
Consulting Activity and Innovative Technologies of Its Organization in an Educational Institution
Authors: Саханский Н. , Sakhanskiy N.
Published: February 2018

The article describes the main innovative technology consulting activities, the benefi ts and features of their application. The author defi nes the role of the consultant in the use of innovative technologies and consulting activities in education.
Use of Culture Peculiarities of Educational Organization in Management and Creation of Pedagogical Team in Designing Changes
Authors: Иоффе А. , Ioffe A.
Published: February 2018

The article deals with the typology of the culture of the educational organization. The infl uence of the environment on pedagogical activity and the development potential of the educational organization is determined. Approaches to the creation of a pedagogical team are presented. The article gives recommendations to managers on the conduct of pedagogical councils to improve the eff ectiveness of pedagogical interaction in the educational organization.
CQC highlights good practice, but also pressures on services
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: February 2018

The Care Quality Commission's annual report shows positive changes in provision and many examples of effective leadership. While demand for health care grows, capacity is shrinking and staff attrition is at dangerous levels. Helena Frankova reviews the findings
Demand Curve Estimation of Locally Produced Woody Biomass Products
Authors: Sasatani Daisuke , Eastin Ivan L
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The goal of the Waste-to-Wisdom project is to produce and sell value-added products derived from post-harvest forest residues including wood briquettes, torrefied briquettes, and biochar. The consumer demand for these products (i.e., market size) determines the success of manufacturers especially when the location of production is far away from a population center and the producer is a price taker. Consumers are often scattered and transportation costs from the factory to retail stores lower the net sales revenue at the plant. The objective of this study was to estimate the demand curves and the associated revenue functions of the bioenergy products in five case locations applying a market-based analysis. We first estimated the size of the potential market for the products in each location and then assumed a market penetration rate to estimate consumer demand. This information was used to develop a set of mathematical functions based on deductive logic. Plugging presumable values based on scenario assumptions into the models contributes to the economic feasibility studies. Keywords: Biochar, Forest products marketing, Market penetration rate, Price skimming strategy, Wood briquette.
Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions
Authors: Palmer Kyle D , Severy Mark A , Chamberlin Charles E , Eggink Anthony J. , Jacobson Arne E
Published: February 2018

Abstract. An All Power Labs PP20 gasifier generation set (Berkeley, Calif.) was tested to evaluate its suitability for powering biomass conversion technologies (BCT) at remote forest operations sites. Feedstock of the species tanoak (), coast redwood (), and Douglas fir () were tested at moisture contents of 15% and 25% (wet basis). The PP20 was connected to a load bank with five different load profiles designed to simulate possible BCT loads. Two parameters of power quality, voltage variability, and frequency deviation, were determined to be within acceptable limits. The unit also successfully powered a remote biochar operation in Branscomb, California. Emissions of the PP20, when compared to diesel generator regulations, would meet non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and NOX requirements but exceed the CO emissions limits by a factor of ten. The CO emissions could be reduced by adding a catalytic converter. The results indicate that it is possible to use a PP20 unit to provide electric power for the highly variable loads of a BCT system. Keywords: Bioenergy, Biomass conversion technology, Gasification, Renewable energy.
O DIREITO, ESTADO E DEMOCRACIA EM TEMPOS DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Matheus Figueiredo Nunes de
Published: February 2018

O tema do presente trabalho são as interações entre Direito, Estado e Democracia em tempos de globalização. O objetivo geral almejado é verificar como as bases clássicas do Estado se apresentam face à globalização. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o dedutivo, utilizando-se das técnicas de pesquisa de consulta bibliográfica, para embasamento teórico; e fichamentos. As considerações finais obtidas através desta pesquisa são no sentido da existência de uma democracia participativa que almeja a transparência como pretensão jurídica global, permitindo os vários jogos de diálogo entre os diversos ordenamentos jurídicos.
A PROPAGANDA ELEITORAL: “CORRENTE ELEITORAL INTERVENCIONISTA”
Authors: Souza Leonardo Fernandes de , Dias Bruno Smolarek
Published: February 2018

O presente trabalho visa analisar o atual posicionamento que a legislação eleitoral sobre propaganda eleitoral adota com as inúmeras reformas realizadas, em especial após o ano de 2006. Demonstrando a existência de uma corrente que trouxe uma maior restrição legislativa em dissonância ao princípio da liberdade da propaganda eleitoral. A metodologia utilizada foi a teórica bibliográfica.
A RETÓRICA DA DEFESA DO MEIO AMBIENTE - UMA PERSPECTIVA CATARINENSE DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO
Authors: Ziesemer Henrique da Rosa , Hülse Levi
Published: February 2018

A instituição do Ministério Público ganhou destaque e relevo no cenário jurídico nacional com a promulgação da Constituição de 1988. Com ele, os olhos da sociedade se voltaram para sua atuação, e as dinâmicas e constantes mudanças ideológicas e sociais, forçam a adaptação do Ministério Público, para dar as respostas adequadas às demandas que lhes são oferecidas. O Ministério Público pode ser visto como um poder, não de Estado, mas da sociedade, em sua própria defesa. É nesse contexto que a instituição atua na busca da defesa da ordem jurídica, em especial, o Art. 255 da Constituição Federal. Contudo, mesmo com o reconhecido esforço, o arcabouço de demandas ambientais não é estancado, o que forçará o Ministério Público a aprimorar sua forma de atuação.
INTERVENÇÃO ESTATAL NAS TAXAS DE JUROS REMUNERATÓRIOS APLICADAS PELAS INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS AOS CONSUMIDORES NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Niebuhr Maia de , Silva Everaldo da
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho visa abordar a sustentabilidade econômica, através do estudo da intervenção estatal na economia, especialmente no que tange à limitação das taxas de juros remuneratórios aplicados pelas instituições financeiras no país. O trabalho visa, em síntese, mostrar através da pesquisa doutrinária, operacionalizadas pelo método indutivo, que embora a análise histórico-sociológica indique os danos à sustentabilidade financeira provocados por uma política de juros bancários completamente desregulada e sem qualquer intervenção do Estado, a prática jurídica, especialmente após a Emenda Constitucional n. 40 não admite a intervenção na taxa de juros praticadas pelas Instituições Financeiras. Outrossim, salvo quando elas extrapolam a taxa média de mercado, a qual é apenas calculada e divulgada pelo Banco Central, sem qualquer intervenção deste nem de qualquer outro órgão estatal
A SUSTENTABILIDADE E O PLURALISMO JURÍDICO COMO PRINCIPAIS ELEMENTOS DO NOVO CONSTITUCIONALISMO LATINO-AMERICANO
Authors: Fortes Larissa Borges
Published: February 2018

Pioneiramente, a Bolívia se estabeleceu enquanto Estado Plurinacional e, o Equador incluiu em sua nova Constituição questões significativas no âmbito dos direitos indígenas, o que representa um marco no novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano, concretizando um ideal de pluralismo étnico-cultural e jurídico. Estabeleceu-se um verdadeiro giro descolonial e ecocêtrico, resgatando os saberes tradicionais e o paradigma do bem viver. A Constituição equatoriana, também na vanguarda, estabeleceu os Direitos da Natureza ou Pachamama como pressuposto de Sustentabilidade. Diante desses novos elementos, buscou-se responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: Quais os fundamentos que o Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano traz como inovação para caminhar no horizonte da Sustentabilidade? Através do método de pesquisa indutivo e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, procurou-se responder ao problema verificando as contribuições das Constituições da Bolívia e do Equador para a composição de uma perspectiva plural e biocêntrica, através da plurinacionalidade e dos Direitos da Natureza, avaliando como esses fundamentos do cenário Latino-Americano contribuem para que se caminhe no horizonte da Sustentabilidade.
Die soziale Welt der Roboter
Authors: Koolwaay Jens
Published: February 2018

Technik wird zunehmend ein Teil der sozialen Welt des Menschen, wodurch sich nicht nur das funktionale Geschehen, sondern auch der soziale Verbund verändert: Roboter werden zu Trägern sozialer Handlungen und Haltungen. Jens Koolwaay zeigt: Durch ihre Einbettung in bestehende soziale Welten entstehen neue soziale Verbindungen zwischen Menschen und interaktiven Maschinen. Anhand dreier Fallbeispiele (Roboter im Pflegeheim, beim RoboCup und in der Raumfahrt) macht die Studie die sozialen Prozesse dahinter sichtbar, damit wir als Gesellschaft entscheiden können, wie wir mit Robotern leben wollen.
Network Publicy Governance
Authors: Belliger Andréa , Krieger David J.
Published: February 2018

The information age has brought about a growing conflict between proponents of a data-driven society on the one side and demands for protection of individual freedom, autonomy, and dignity by means of privacy on the other. The causes of this conflict are rooted in the modern Western opposition of individual and society and a self-understanding of the human as an autonomous rational subject with an inalienable right to informational self-determination. Andréa Belliger and David J. Krieger propose a theory of information as a common good and redefine the individual as an informational self who exists in networks made up of both humans and nonhumans. Privacy is replaced by publicy and issues of data use and data protection are described in terms of governance instead of government.
Record.Play.Stop. - Die Ära der Kompaktkassette
Authors: Fruth Pia
Published: February 2018

1963 kam der erste Kassettenrekorder auf den Markt: unscheinbar beige-grau, batteriebetrieben und so handlich, dass er in eine Manteltasche passte. In den Jahrzehnten danach eroberte die Kassette in einer stürmischen Erfolgsgeschichte den Alltag der Menschen - etwa als Mixtape, Demoband oder Sprachlernkassette. Eine Kassettenkultur entstand: Mit Walkman, Ghettoblaster und Autoradio waren die Medien plötzlich überall dabei. In einer kurzweiligen und unterhaltsamen Studie spürt Pia Fruth der Geschichte der Kassette aus verschiedenen Perspektiven nach. Mit der Auswertung neuer Quellen, die von internen Materialien der Firma Philips bis zu Zeitzeugen-Interviews reichen, schließt sie eine Lücke in der bisherigen Forschungsliteratur.
Platinum Metal Complexes of Carbaboranylphophines: Potential Anti Cancer Agents
Authors: Maulana Ilham Maulana Ilham , Loennecke Peter Loennecke Peter , Hawkins Evamarie Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: February 2018

Polyhedral heteroboranes in particular dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes(12) and their organic derivatives have been the subject of intense research for over 40 years due to their unique chemical and physical properties. The initial attraction to dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes(12) In the medicinal chemistry research, was a result of their high boron content and stability to catabolism, which are important criteria for cancer therapy, such as BNCT (boron neutron capture therapy) agents. The coordination compounds of the platinum group metals have also received large interest for their potential application as chemotherapeutic agents, since cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), cisplatin, has been reported to have  capability as tumor inhibitor. Hence, applications can be envisioned for related cis platinum complexes. Complex of cis-rac-[PtCl2{1,2-(PRCl)2C2B10H10}] (R=Ph, tBu, NEt2, NPh2) have been synthesized by employing known carbaborane based phosphine ligands of clorophoshino-closo-dodecaborane , with complex of cis-[PtCl2(COD)] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in an N2-atmosphere. The obtained complexes possess expected structure configuration, namely cis-rac. The characterization of the complex has been carried out using 1H, 31P, 13C and 11B-NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), X-ray of single crystals, elemental analysis, IR (infra red) and mass spectroscopy (MS). The 31P{1H} NMR spectra of all the platinum complexes distinctly show the typical platinum satellites which are attributed to 31P-195Pt-coupling, in which the 31P{1H} NMR spectrum exhibits three lines with an intensity ratio of ca.1:4:1. The structure of the platinum complexes consists of a slightly distorted square-planar coordination sphere, in which the platinum atom is bonded to two chlorides and two phosphorus atoms of the chelating carbaboranylphosphine. Thus the platinum atoms exhibit the coordination number four, which is preferred in platinum(II) complexes.Keywords: Platinum complexes, phosphine ligand, carbaborane
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of The Extract of Guava Leaves (Psidium guajava L) in The Rat (Rattus norvegicus L)
Authors: Weni Linda , Harliansyah Harliansyah , Widayanti Widayanti
Published: February 2018

Using of natural sources that have anti-inflammatory activity for the prevention and treatment of degenerative diseases began to be further explored. An investigation on the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) from Sawangan, Depok on white male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain had been carried out on the carrageenan-induced paw edema method. To examine the effect of guava extract on subcutan at different doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW).  Indometacine at dose of 10 mg/kg BW was used as a positive control. Observations were made during five hours with an interval of one hour. These results demonstrate that the percentage of inflammation or edema (% E) optimal at the 4th hour and then decreased at the 5th hour, while the percentage of optimal inhibition occurred at the 5th hour. Guava extract at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg BW reduced inhibitory percentage activities by 40.81, 55.45 and 43.61% (p< 0.05) respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests that guava extract has anti-inflammatory properties by decreasing edema level.Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, guava leaves, edema.
Ficus septica Burm. F. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Induces Apoptosis in 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]Nthracene-Induced Rat Liver Cancer Quatitavely
Authors: Septhea Dita Brenna , Anindyajati Anindyajati , Darma Andita Pra , Nurzijah Ika , Nugroho Agung Endro , Meiyanto Edy
Published: February 2018

The chemopreventive effect of Ficus septica Burm. f. leaves ethanolic extract (FLEE) was studied in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]nthracene(DMBA)-induced rat liver cancer. Rats were divided into 5 group, 5 rats (5 wk of age Sprague Dawley rat) in each group. Group 1 was control diet group, administered with 0,5% CMC-Na as vehicle. FLEE was administered 750 mg/kgBW and 1500 mg/kgBW starting 4 wk until 5 wk after DMBA administration at the first until fifth wk to group 2 and group 3. Group 4 was control extract group, administered  with 750 mg/kgBW and group 5 was DMBA group. DMBA is a carcinogen to induce liver cancer was also administered in DMBA control group and all animals were necropsied at 6 wk after DMBA administration. Activity of inducing apoptosis was detected using Double Staining method in 750 mg/kgBW FLEE group compared to control group but no in 1500 mg/kgBW FLEE group resulted in 100% dead. Apoptotic cells would have orange flourescence but normal cells would have green flourescence detected by flourescence microscope. To investigate the protein that involved in apoptotic mechanism, we studied p53 expression using Imunohistochemistry (IHC). There was no difference expression of p53 in both tested and control groups. Based on the results, FLEE has a potency as chemoprentive agent because its activity on inducing apoptosis in liver cancer with p53-independent pathway. The mechanism of apoptosis induction of this extract needs to be explored by observing the expression of related proteins.Keywords: apoptosis, Ficus septica, liver cancer, p53 independent pathway
Safety Evaluation of Chicken Satay In Yogyakarta Indonesia Based on Benzo[a]pyrene Content
Authors: Irnanda Khairunissa , Meiftasari Argandita , Nagadi Standie , Lukitaningsih Endang
Published: February 2018

Chicken satay is one of Indonesian food which is very popular and processed by direct flame over the meat. But, almost every types of food which are prepared by direct flame will produce chemical compounds that contributes to the incidence of cancer. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is a group of compound which can cause cancer and is resulted from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or pyrolysis of organic material containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. One PAH compound having mutagenic and highly carcinogenic effect is benzo[a]pyrene which is the highest content found in foods that are burned directly on the flame. This study aims to establish levels of benzo[a]pyrene contained in chicken satay in Yogyakarta, Indonesia and to evaluate how it meets with the maximumbenzo[a]pyrene limit in the burned food based on National Agency of Drug and Food Control which is equal to 5 ppb (5 mg/kg). Analysis were performed by Gas Chromatography method using helium as carrier gas and CPCB-Sil8 as stationary phase. After the sample was prepared and analysed by GC, it is known that the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in chicken satay found in Yogyakarta are ranging from 2.5 to 393.32 ppb. The result are quite high and far above the safety limit determined by National Agency of Drug and Food Control.Therefore, the result of the research needs to be socialized to the public so that people can be more aware about the danger of food they consume.Keywords: chicken satay, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), policyclic aromatic hidrocarbon (PAH), carsinogen, Yogyakarta
Total Phenolic Content of Ethanol Extract of Artrocarpus camansi Leave and its Effect to Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Level in Mice
Authors: Asrin Hendri , Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun , Marianne Marianne
Published: February 2018

A free radical is one of the triggers of degenerative diseases that become the biggest cause of death. Excessive production of free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidant. Antioxidants can be generated from within the body (intracellular). One of them by the enzyme SOD (superoxide dismutase). However, when the production of free radicals exceeds the ability of intracellular antioxidants to neutralize it, antioxidants from outside (extracellular) is necessary. The ethanol extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves (EEACL) contains phenolic compounds which has very strong antioxidant activity based on in vitro study using the DPPH method, but the in vivo study about the total phenolic content effect of its leaves toward antioxidant activity has not been done. 25 mice were divided into 5 groups consisting of control group, a group was induced by stress and three groups were induced by stress, but given EEACL with each dose of 50 mg/kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw and 150 mg/kg bw. Inducing stress in the form of psychological stress was carried out for 7 days and continued with the EEACL administration for 7 days. The mice were dissected and the livers were isolated, then the liver morphological was examined using Hematoxyllin Eosin (HE) staining method and SOD level was examined with immunohistochemical staining method. The data were analyzed with One Way ANOVA and Duncan test using SPSS program version 19.0. Total phenolic content of EEACL is 235.03 ± 4.306 mg GAE/ g of sample. The average SOD levels in the control group is 94.05 %, stressed group is 55.94 %, stress with EEACL dose 50 mg/kg bw group is 58.40 %, stress with EEACL dose 100 mg/kg bw group is 79.68 %, stress with EEACL dose 150 mg/kg bw group is 80.90 %. Based on statistical result, SOD level increased along with the increase of EEACL dose, but not significantly (p < 0,05). Total phenolic content of EEACL has an influence to SOD levels. SOD level increased along with the increase of EEACL administration dose. The higher dose of EEACL leading to higher levels of SOD in the mouse liver.Keywords : total phenolic content, superoxide dismutase, antioxidant, Artocarpus camansi
Methanolic Extract of Red Betel Leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) Perform Cytotoxic Effect and Antimigration Activity toward Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Zulharini Meirizky , Sutejo Ika Rahmawati , Fadliyah Hilyatul , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: February 2018

Breast cancer is one type of cancer with a high mortality rate due to its metastatic property. Red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz dan Pav) has been known as herbal medicine containing biophenolic, such as apigenin and luteolin derivatives which has cytotoxic activity toward cancer cells. This study is intended to explore the inhibitory effect of Piper crocatum leaves methanolic extract (PCM) on cell proliferation and migration by using 4T1 cells as model of metastatic breast cancer. By using MTT assay, PCM performed cytotoxic activity in a dose dependent manner with IC50 value of 120 μg/mL. Wound healing assay revealed that migration inhibitory activity of PCM on 4T1 cells at the concentration of 30 µg/mL. In conclusion, PCM perform cytotoxic effect and antimigration activity toward metastatic breast cancer cells.Keywords : breast cancer cells, Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, cytotoxic, cell mgration
Synthesis, characterization and application of polypyrrole-cellulose nanocomposite for efficient Ni(II) removal from aqueous solution: Box-Behnken design optimization
Authors: Rathika R. , Byung-Taek Oh , Vishnukumar B. , Shanthi K. , Kamala-Kannan S. , Janaki V.
Published: February 2018

The role of polypyrrole-cellulose (PPy-Ce) nanocomposite for the removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution was investigated by batch experiments. The PPy-Ce nanocomposite was prepared by chemical oxidate polymerization of pyrrole monomer with cellulose. Transmission electron micrography (TEM) showed the size of the particles varied from 80 to 95 nm. The characteristic C-O, O-H, C-N and C-C vibrations in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicate that the cellulose successfully integrated with the pyrrole. Influence of experimental variables such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial Ni(II) concentration were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions for maximum removal of Ni(II) were pH 8, time 65 min, adsorbent dose 0.3 mg/l and Ni(II) concentration 50 mg/l. The maximum removal efficiency under optimized conditions was >94%. The results indicate that BBD could be used to optimize experimental conditions for metal removal from aqueous solution.
Production of Biodiesel Via Catalytic Processes: A Brief Review
Authors: Almeida Eugênia Leandro , Andrade Cid Marcos Gonçalves , Andreo dos Santos Onélia
Published: February 2018

Currently, there is a worldwide concern, not only with the exhaustion of diesel oil, but also with the environmental damages caused by this fuel, from the process of extracting oil to consumption. The emission of the gases from the combustion process of this fuel are harmful to the health of living beings and contribute directly to the worsening of the greenhouse effect. Biodiesel appears in this context as a possible substitute for diesel. Thus, the main objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographical review of the main catalytic processes available in the literature for the production of biodiesel, respectively, the main chemical reactions involved in these processes, being: the esterification and transesterification reaction. Among the catalytic processes, the alkaline, acid and enzymatic catalysis was highlighted. And, among the main raw materials used in the production process are: vegetable oils, animal fats and oils and fats; as economically and environmentally viable alternatives. Still referring to the raw materials, there are the alcohols: methanol and ethanol, which are frequently used. In this way, the most varied catalytic methods present in the literature were presented. For each catalytic process, the work was presented, which developed methodologies for: homogeneous, heterogeneous catalysts, dispersed or immobilized, with the most diverse raw materials, which are currently used or that may be used in the process of obtaining biodiesel in the future. Industrial scale.
Increased intracellular and extracellular oxidant production in phagocytes of rheumatic patients treated with biological therapy – whole blood quantification
Authors: Jančinová Viera , Nosáľ Radomír , Payer Juraj , Killinger Zdenko
Published: February 2018

Infectious complications, resulting from reduced activity of immune cells, are the most severe and common adverse effects of biological therapy. This study analyzed the effect of biological therapy on blood phagocytes, focusing on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important factor in the defence against invading pathogens. Intra- and extracellular ROS production were recorded separately, on the basis of luminol and isoluminol chemiluminescence in patients treated with antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-α or against interleukin-6 receptor. In comparison to healthy donors or to rheumatic patients treated with classical immunosuppressive drugs, biological therapy increased ROS formation in both compartments. This indicates that the anti-microbial activity of blood phagocytes was not reduced by TNFα- or IL-6-neutralizing therapy, at least in terms of ROS.

The method presented does not require blood fractionation, which could modify activity of phagocytes and cause loss of some sub-populations of these cells. The technique is simple, requires microliter volumes of blood and is thus well applicable to clinical studies.
Content of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in biscuits for kids
Authors: Švecová Blanka , Mach Mojmír
Published: February 2018

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) is a thermal decomposition product of saccharides. There are two main ways for the formation of 5-HMF. First, 5-HMF is forming during Maillard reaction and second, during thermic dehydration of saccharides under acid conditions. Significant parameters of 5-HMF formation are temperature, time, pH, water activity, type of saccharide and amino acids. It is suspected that 5-HMF has genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. This chemical can be found in many food sources, e.g. honey, dried fruits, fruit juice and concentrates, alcoholic beverages, bakery products, roasted nuts and seeds, brown sugar, and milk. The present study aimed to determine the amount of 5-HMF in children's biscuits. The examined samples were divided into three groups. The first group of biscuits claimed availability for children older than six months, the second for children older than one year. The third group did not give a determined age range.

For the assessment of 5-HMF, a HPLC method with UV/VIS detection was used. In the first group of samples, the amount of 5-HMF ranged from 0.34±0.04 to 1.73±0.03 mg/kg, in the second group from 0.57±0.09 to 1.78±0.07 mg/kg, and in the third group the amounts of 5-HMF were from 1.80±0.05 to 34.99±0.22 mg/kg.

In conclusion, the results showed that the content of 5-HMF in biscuits without age group determination was significantly higher than in biscuits with declared availability for children older than six months or one year. Since the acceptable daily intake is 2 mg/kg bw, the established amount of 5-HMF in all samples cannot be regarded as dangerous in a normal dose of biscuits.
Monotherapy of experimental metabolic syndrome: I. Efficacy and safety
Authors: Bezek Štefan , Brnoliaková Zuzana , Sotníková Ružena , Knezl Vladimír , Paulovičová Ema , Navarová Jana , Bauer Viktor
Published: February 2018

Elevated plasma cholesterol, especially low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Hereditary hypertriglyceridemic rats (hHTG) were developed as a new inbred model for the study of relationships between blood pressure and metabolic abnormalities. The aim of this work was to determine the cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant effects of the novel pyridoindol derivative SMe1EC2, compared to the cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin, in rats fed either standard or high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFC; 1% cholesterol and 7.5% lard fat). Male hHTG rats fed HFC (HTG+HFC) were administered with SMe1EC2 or atorvastatin (both 50 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 4 weeks. Physiological status of animals was monitored by the measurement of preprandial glucose levels and blood pressure. Lipid profile was characterized by the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides (TRG). The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was evaluated in the kidney, liver and serum. Further, the assessment of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the serum was completed. Feeding the animals with HFC diet resulted in increased serum levels of TC, LDL and TRG. SMe1EC2 ameliorated serum levels of LDL in hHTG rats, both on standard and HFC diet. These effects were comparable with those of the standard hypolipidemicum atorvastatin. SMe1EC2 lowered blood pressure, tissue TBARS concentrations and serum IL-1 levels of HTG+HFC rats. Beneficial effects together with very good toxicity profile predestinate SMe1EC2 to be promising agent for further surveys related to metabolic syndrome features.
Co-branding Strategy as a Source of Innovation on International Market
Authors: Grębosz-Krawczyk Magdalena , Pointet Jean-Marc
Published: February 2018

The aim of this paper is to identify the impact of a co-branding strategy on the innovations development on international market. The research has been conducted in 2013–2015, and has been targeting 50 large international companies which operated in minimum 3 countries of Europe and have implemented a co-branding strategy for 3 years. The analysis of findings has shown that the possibility of use of the new technologies and the use of knowledge and experience of partner’s through technical knowledge exchange are rated at the low level in case of implementation of co-branding strategy. These findings suggest that co-branding is not a source of innovation on international market due to the fact of the limited trust in the foreign partner and the protection of own’s know-how by the companies. These outcomes confirm also that today the managerial actions should focus mainly on the symbolic dimension of brands.
Juxtaposition of Organizational Competitive Factors and Performance Evaluation in Conjunction with Their Implications for HRM in MNCs: Part Two, Statistical Correlation Analysis within the Polish Findings
Authors: Stor Marzena , Engle Allen D. , Poór József
Published: February 2018

Objective – The main goal of the paper is to determine whether there are any identifiable patterns of HRM perceptions and practices when the factors recognized as the companies’ competitive advantages and results of their performance outcomes are juxtaposed in conjunction with their implications for HRM.

Methodology – The research was conducted in five Central and Eastern (CE) countries. The data collected from this region is used to provide a broader comparative context (descriptive statistics) as presented in the earlier article in this volume. This second part provides a more detail correlational analyses conducted on the data coming exclusively from local subsidiaries of MNCs operating in Poland.

Findings - In Poland the higher the appraisal of the quality of workforce and the quality of management as the competitive factors at the same time, the higher the level of decentralization. The correlation analysis in the scope of particular areas of performance evaluation and the ratings of critical subfunctions of HR in Poland allow to identify some general patterns.

Value added – The research has certain theoretical significance because its results provide some knowledge about the specificity of HRM in local subsidiaries of MNCs operating CE, and particularly exemplifying some regularities within HRM appearing in Poland. Furthermore, it identifies some patterns of HRM perceptions and practices at the local level of MNCs both in CE and Poland, and especially when the factors recognized as competitive advantages of local subsidiaries and the results of performance evaluations of these subsidiaries are reported in conjunction with their implications for HRM. All this makes an empirical contribution to knowledge about SIHRM in MNCs.
Playing the Game: Recruiting Black Males in Teaching
Authors: Green Satasha L. , Martin Darren
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this comparative study is to ascertain the experiences and perceptions of four Black males enrolled in teacher preparation programs, one at a Predominantly Black Institution (PBI) and three at a Predominantly White Institution (PWI). Findings provide insight for Colleges of Teacher Education to understand the barriers that prevent Black males from successfully matriculating and entering the teaching profession.
Phylogeny and evolution of the European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and its allies – a review of the “bird of the year”
Authors: Nagy Jenő
Published: February 2018

In 2017 the European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) was voted to be the “bird of the year” in Hungary. This is a partially migrant species; most of the European populations are resident, however, its breeding range extends to East from the Sweden-Poland-Moldova axis towards the Yenisei with some of the populations wintering in Kazakhstan and South of Turkey. The European Goldfinch is classified within the Carduelinae subfamily including approximately a hundred species. Several taxonomic changes were introduced in this group during the last fifteen years, however, we still do not understand much of their origin and evolutionary history. My aim in this paper is to collect existing knowledge on the phylogeny and evolution of the Carduelinae finches and their allies, with a particular focus on the European Goldfinch and its closest relatives. Furthermore, here I point out uncertainties in different phylogenetic sources of finches, which careful consideration can be useful in similar evolutionary studies. Finally, I summarise some vision for future research.
Changes in the number of nesting pairs and breeding success of theWhite Stork Ciconia ciconia in a large city and a neighbouring rural area in South-West Poland
Authors: Kopij Grzegorz
Published: February 2018

During the years 1994–2009, the number of White Stork pairs breeding in the city of Wrocław (293 km2) fluctuated between 5 pairs in 1999 and 19 pairs 2004. Most nests were clumped in two sites in the Odra river valley. Two nests were located only cca. 1 km from the city hall. The fluctuations in numbers can be linked to the availability of feeding grounds and weather. In years when grass was mowed in the Odra valley, the number of White Storks was higher than in years when the grass was left unattended. Overall, the mean number of fledglings per successful pair during the years 1995–2009 was slightly higher in the rural than in the urban area. Contrary to expectation, the mean number of fledglings per successful pair was the highest in the year of highest population density. In two rural counties adjacent to Wrocław, the number of breeding pairs was similar to that in the city in 1994/95 (15 vs. 13 pairs). However, in 2004 the number of breeding pairs in the city almost doubled compared to that in the neighboring counties (10 vs. 19 pairs). After a sharp decline between 2004 and 2008, populations in both areas were similar in 2009 (5 vs. 4 pairs), but much lower than in 1994–1995. Wrocław is probably the only large city (>100,000 people) in Poland, where the White Stork has developed a sizeable, although fluctuating, breeding population. One of the most powerful role the city-nesting White Storks may play is their ability to engage directly citizens with nature and facilitate in that way environmental education and awareness.
Exploratory analyses of migration timing and morphometrics of the Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
Authors: Csörgő Tibor , Fehérvári Péter , Karcza Zsolt , Harnos Andrea
Published: February 2018

Ornithological studies often rely on long-term bird ringing data sets as sources of information. However, basic descriptive statistics of raw data are rarely provided. In order to fill this gap, here we present the fifth item of a series of exploratory analyses of migration timing and body size measurements of the most frequent Passerine species at a ringing station located in Central Hungary (1984–2016). First, we give a concise description of foreign ring recoveries of the Common Nightingale in relation to Hungary. We then shift focus to data of 3892 ringed and 1499 recaptured individuals derived from the ringing station, where birds have been trapped, handled and ringed with standardized methodology since 1984. Timing is described through annual and daily capture and recapture frequencies and their descriptive statistics. We show annual mean arrival dates within the study period and present the cumulative distributions of first captures with stopover durations. We present the distributions of wing, third primary, tail length and body mass, and the annual means of these variables. Furthermore, we show the distributions of individual fat and muscle scores, and the distributions of body mass within each fat score category. We distinguish the spring and autumn migratory periods and breeding season and age groups (i.e. juveniles and adults). Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysed variables. However, we do not aim to interpret the obtained results, merely to draw attention to interesting patterns that may be worth exploring in detail. Data used here are available upon request for further analyses.
Amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Reiss Allison B. , Arain Hirra A. , Stecker Mark M. , Siegart Nicolle M. , Kasselman Lora J.
Published: February 2018

A major feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology is the plaque composed of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Although these plaques may have harmful properties, there is much evidence to implicate soluble oligomeric Aβ as the primary noxious form. Aβ oligomers can be generated both extracellularly and intracellularly. Aβ is toxic to neurons in a myriad of ways. It can cause pore formation resulting in the leakage of ions, disruption of cellular calcium balance, and loss of membrane potential. It can promote apoptosis, cause synaptic loss, and disrupt the cytoskeleton. Current treatments for AD are limited and palliative. Much research and effort is being devoted to reducing Aβ production as an approach to slowing or preventing the development of AD. Aβ formation results from the amyloidogenic cleavage of human amyloid precursor protein (APP). Reconfiguring this process to disfavor amyloid generation might be possible through the reduction of APP or inhibition of enzymes that convert the precursor protein to amyloid.
The Sunet System for Monitoring Noise Pollution in Cluj-Napoca
Authors: Beca Ilinca Mirela , Iliescu Mihai
Published: February 2018

In Europe the need for local authorities to provide a high standard of living for their communities led to the establishment of the European noise mapping directive 2002/49/EC. Whilst Noise mapping itself doesn’t need continuous noise monitoring, states must produce a noise action plan which highlights actions they intend to take to reduce the number of people affected.

SUNET platform (System for Urban Noise and Eco-Traffic) was designed for improved management of the noise pollution in Cluj-Napoca and to provide up-to-date public data on a user-friendly interface. The implementation of the application over the entire municipality is highly advantageous for it creates a link between the town’s administration (the local authorities, the City Hall of Cluj-Napoca) and the user (the citizens) through this system which is dynamic, modern and compliant with the European regulations.
The Successive Applications of Two Types of Gauge Transformations for the q-Deformed Modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Hierarchy
Authors: Li Na , Cheng Jipeng
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the successive applications of two types of gauge transformation T

D
and T
I for the q-deformed modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy are discussed. It is found that TD
and TI
can commute with each other. We mainly studied products of n terms of TD
and k terms of TI
in three cases for different values of n and k. Finally, some applications of these results are also given.
Sequencing Effects of Object Control and Locomotor Skill During Integrated Neuromuscular Training in 6- to 7-Year-Old Children
Authors: Duncan Michael J. , Hames Thomas , Eyre Emma L.J.
Published: February 2018

Duncan, MJ, Hames, T, and Eyre, ELJ. Sequencing effects of object control and locomotor skill during integrated neuromuscular training in 6- to 7-year-old children. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2262–2274, 2019—This study examined whether scheduling of object control (e.g., throwing, catching) and locomotor skills (e.g., running, jumping), within an integrated neuromuscular training program, result in different responses in motor competence, muscular fitness, and perceived motor competence in 6- to 7-year-old children. Seventy-seven boys and 63 girls (N = 140) from 3 primary schools were randomized into 3, 10-week interventions: Loco First (n = 50) where locomotor skills were performed first followed by object control skills, Object First (n = 48) where object control skills were performed first followed by locomotor skills, and a control group (CON) (n = 42) who undertook school physical education. Results indicated greater total motor competence in Loco First and Object First vs. CON (p = 0.001) with the increases in motor competence being greater for Object First vs. Loco First (p = 0.001). Sprint speed (10 m) was lower for object first vs. CON (p = 0.024). Standing long jump distance was greater in Loco First vs. CON (p = 0.0001) and Object First (p = 0.0001). Seated medicine ball throw distance was greater for Loco First and Object First vs. CON (both p = 0.001). Perceived motor competence was also higher for Object First vs. Loco First (p = 0.005) and CON (p = 0.001). This study suggests that scheduling object control skills before locomotor skills within school-based strength and conditioning has a greater effect on motor competence, muscular fitness, and perceived motor competence in 6- to 7-year-old children.
Strength Testing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Overlap of Tests
Authors: Barfod Kristoffer W. , Feller Julian A. , Clark Ross , Hartwig Taylor , Devitt Brian M. , Webster Kate E.
Published: February 2018

Barfod, KW, Feller, JA, Clark, R, Hartwig, T, Devitt, BM, and Webster, KE. Strength testing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective cohort study investigating overlap of tests. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3145–3150, 2019—The purpose of the present study was to determine whether overlap (redundancy) exists between individual tests in a comprehensive strength testing protocol used after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). If overlap is present, one or more components of the protocol could potentially be omitted to make the testing protocol more efficient, but without compromising the usefulness of the testing. Sixty-nine patients (46 male and 23 female patients; mean age 28 years) were strength tested at 6 and 12 months after ACLR as part of a prospective cohort study. The following knee flexor and extensor strength tests were performed: isokinetic concentric strength at 60 and 180°·s−1, isokinetic eccentric strength at 60°·s−1, and isometric knee flexor strength at 60° flexion. Peak and average torque values were extracted, and the ratio between the operated and non-operated limb was calculated as a limb symmetry index. Overlap of strength tests was investigated by fitting a linear regression model to the data with an R
2 threshold of 0.56 used as an indication of overlap. Overlap between peak and mean torque was present for extensor and flexor concentric and eccentric measurements at 12 months and for concentric measurements at 6 months. Peak torque measurements were therefore used for subsequent analysis. Concentric extensor peak torque at 60 and 180°·s−1 showed overlap at 6 months (R
2 = 0.73) but not at 12 months (R
2 = 0.37). No other overlap was identified. In conclusion, there is little room for omission of individual strength testing protocol components because of the lack of overlap between tests. Isometric, eccentric, and concentric tests may all provide unique information and all, therefore, should be considered for inclusion.