bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telomere is shortened in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Fu Fengyihuan , Zhang Liangjie , Zhang Weihong , Chen Lin , Zhang Yong , Chen Wenji , Du Yanlei , Chen Shuzhen , Zhan Qi , Feng Zhiqiang , Xu Haoming , Nie Yuqiang
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim

Telomere shortening is an accepted indicator of aging. Many studies have investigated an association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and psychiatric disorders. Mental or psychological factors could be an important cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, there are currently few research evaluating correlations between LTL and IBS.

Methods

We examined associations between LTL and IBS using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in independent cohorts, including 205 patients with IBS and 189 healthy controls. Furthermore, we examined whether mental or psychological factors, types of IBS, duration of IBS and antidepressants had an association with LTL in patients with IBS.

Results

Among total samples, patients with IBS presented shorter LTL when compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Moreover, in subgroup analyses of patients with IBS, not only the LTL in patients with IBS caused by mental or psychological factors was shorter (P < 0.0001), but also in patients with IBS that were caused by other factors (P = 0.0082). Furthermore, LTL in patients with IBS who had taken antidepressants for more than 1 month was longer than that in patients with IBS who did not take antidepressants or took for less than 1 month (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

This is the first study to describe the relationship between LTL and IBS. This study showed significantly shorter telomeres in patients with IBS. Our findings suggest that LTL may hold the potential to serve as a predictor of IBS diagnosis.
Posttraumatic growth and postpartum depression in women after childbirth: The moderating role of postpartum negative life events
Authors: Jiang Cuiting , Zhuang Youqing , Li Zhiyun , Lin Wenxuan , Huang Pei , Feng Yongshen , Liu Shaofei , Zhang Lifeng
Published: June 2022

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the implications of postpartum negative life events on postpartum depression and posttraumatic growth in women after childbirth.

Methods

A sample of 280 postpartum women at a level III hospital in China provided data on postpartum depression, negative life events, and posttraumatic growth with a cross‐sectional design.

Results

The scores of both postpartum depression and negative life events exhibited a quadratic correlation with posttraumatic growth in women after childbirth, and negative life events significantly moderated the associations between depression and overall posttraumatic growth and its three dimensions: personal strength, spirit change, and relating to others.

Conclusions

Women can experience positive psychological growth after childbirth, and this study provides new evidence of an interaction between postpartum depression and negative life events in the prediction of psychological growth, highlighting the moderating role of negative life events. This study could help direct mental health professionals to target interventions that provide more psychological support to reduce the impact of depression and negative life events, which will be conducive to improving women's psychological growth.
Outpatient hysteroscopy is effective for uterine cavity evaluation following failed office‐based endometrial biopsy
Authors: Nguyen Dong B. , Gerber Victoria E. M. , Suen Michael W. H. , Flaxman Teresa E. , Singh Sukhbir S.
Published: June 2022

Background

Failure to obtain an office‐based endometrial biopsy for abnormal uterine bleeding is not uncommon. Although operating room‐based procedures are traditionally considered the gold standard assessment tool in these circumstances, outpatient hysteroscopy is a less invasive, more cost‐effective, and safer alternative. However, there is no contemporary Canadian literature on the effectiveness of an outpatient approach for this specific population.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of outpatient hysteroscopy for uterine cavity evaluation for patients who have failed an in‐office endometrial biopsy attempt.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients referred to an academic outpatient hysteroscopy unit between January 2015 and January 2018, who underwent an outpatient hysteroscopy following failed endometrial biopsy. Data were collected from electronic medical records.

Results

Of the 407 consecutive patients who underwent an outpatient hysteroscopic procedure, 68 met inclusion criteria. Postmenopausal bleeding was the most common indication for initial biopsy, and most failures were attributed to cervical stenosis. Outpatient hysteroscopies were successfully completed in 96% of cases (n = 65/68). Failure resulted from either anxiety and discomfort (n = 2), or severe intrauterine adhesions (n = 1). Overall, 10% of patients subsequently required an operating room‐based hysteroscopy, either to complete a myomectomy or polypectomy, or to allow general anesthesia. Outpatient hysteroscopy identified endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in 4.5% and 3% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion

Outpatient hysteroscopy following unsuccessful office endometrial biopsy attempts appears to be a feasible, safe, and cost‐effective investigation strategy that may prevent the need for an operating room‐based procedure in 90% of cases.
Integrated proteomics, phosphoproteomics and metabolomics analyses reveal similarities among giant cell granulomas of the jaws with different genetic mutations
Authors: Vitório Jéssica Gardone , Duarte‐Andrade Filipe Fideles , Pereira Thais dos Santos Fontes , Melo‐Braga Marcella Nunes , Canuto Gisele André Baptista , Macedo Adriana Nori de , Lebron Yuri Abner Rocha , Moreira Victor Rezende , Felicori Liza Figueiredo , Lange Liséte Celina , Santos Lucilaine Valéria de Souza , Larsen Martin R. , Gomes Carolina Cavalieri , Gomez Ricardo Santiago
Published: June 2022

Background

Giant cell granuloma of the jaws are benign osteolytic lesions of the jaws. These lesions are genetically characterized by mutually exclusive somatic mutations at TRPV4, KRAS, and FGFR1, and a fourth molecular subgroup which is wild‐type for the three mutations. Irrespective of the molecular background, giant cell granulomas show MAPK/ERK activation. However, it remains unclear if these mutations lead to differences in their molecular signaling in giant cell granulomas.

Methods

Metabolomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analyses were carried out in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples of giant cell granuloma of the jaws. The study cohort consisted of five lesions harboring mutations in FGFR1, six in KRAS, five in TRPV4, and five that were wild‐type for these mutations.

Results

Lesions harboring KRAS or FGFR1 mutations showed overall similar proteomics and metabolomics profiles. In all four groups, metabolic pathways showed similarity in apoptosis, cell signaling, gene expression, cell differentiation, and erythrocyte activity. Lesions harboring TRPV4 mutations showed a greater number of enriched pathways related to tissue architecture. On the other hand, the wild‐type group presented increased number of enriched pathways related to protein metabolism compared to the other groups.

Conclusion

Despite some minor differences, our results revealed an overall similar molecular profile among the groups with different mutational profile at the metabolic, proteic, and phosphopeptidic levels.
Urban‐rural differences in tobacco product availability in food retailers, United States, 2017
Authors: Reimold Alexandria E. , Kong Amanda Y. , Delamater Paul L. , Baggett Christopher D. , Golden Shelley D.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Tobacco use prevalence is higher in rural compared to urban settings, possibly due to differences in tobacco availability, including the option to purchase food and other essential items in stores that do not sell tobacco (tobacco‐free food retailers). The goal of this research is to determine whether tobacco‐free food retailer availability varies by urbanicity/rurality.

Methods

Using the 2017 National Establishment Time‐Series database, we identified food retailers across all census tracts containing food retailers in the United States (n = 66,053). We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models to test whether tobacco‐free food retailer availability varied across 4‐levels of census tract urbanicity/rurality (urban, suburban, large town, and small town/rural) for 2 outcomes: (1) the presence of at least 1 tobacco‐free food retailer and (2) the percent of all food retailers that were tobacco‐free.

Findings

Compared to urban core census tracts, suburban census tracts had a lower odds (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.73, 0.81) of having at least 1 tobacco‐free food retailer, while small town/rural census tracts had greater odds (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.32). Suburban census tracts (B = –2.29, P < .001) and large town census tracts (B = –1.90, P < .001) also had a lower percentage of tobacco‐free food retailers compared to urban census tracts.

Conclusions

Compared to urban cores, tobacco‐free food retailers were less prevalent in suburban and large town areas, though similarly or slightly more available in rural areas. Future research should assess whether these differences depend on varying store types.
The orexin story, sleep and sleep disturbances
Authors: Pizza Fabio , Barateau Lucie , Dauvilliers Yves , Plazzi Giuseppe
Published: June 2022

The orexins, also known as hypocretins, are two neuropeptides (orexin A and B or hypocretin 1 and 2) produced by a few thousand neurons located in the lateral hypothalamus that were independently discovered by two research groups in 1998. Those two peptides bind two receptors (orexin/hypocretin receptor 1 and receptor 2) that are widely distributed in the brain and involved in the central physiological regulation of sleep and wakefulness, orexin receptor 2 having the major role in the maintenance of arousal. They are also implicated in a multiplicity of other functions, such as reward seeking, energy balance, autonomic regulation and emotional behaviours. The destruction of orexin neurons is responsible for the sleep disorder narcolepsy with cataplexy (type 1) in humans, and a defect of orexin signalling also causes a narcoleptic phenotype in several animal species. Orexin discovery is unprecedented in the history of sleep research, and pharmacological manipulations of orexin may have multiple therapeutic applications. Several orexin receptor antagonists were recently developed as new drugs for insomnia, and orexin agonists may be the next‐generation drugs for narcolepsy. Given the broad range of functions of the orexin system, these drugs might also be beneficial for treating various conditions other than sleep disorders in the near future.
Mycoheterotrophic plants preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected to autotrophic plants
Authors: Gomes Sofia I. F. , Fortuna Miguel A. , Bascompte Jordi , Merckx Vincent S. F. T.
Published: June 2022

How mycoheterotrophic plants that obtain carbon and soil nutrients from fungi are integrated in the usually mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal networks is unknown. Here, we compare autotrophic and mycoheterotrophic plant associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and use network analysis to investigate interaction preferences in the tripartite network.

We sequenced root tips from autotrophic and mycoheterotrophic plants to assemble the combined tripartite network between autotrophic plants, mycorrhizal fungi and mycoheterotrophic plants. We compared plant–fungi interactions between mutualistic and antagonist networks, and searched for a diamond‐like module defined by a mycoheterotrophic and an autotrophic plant interacting with the same pair of fungi to investigate whether pairs of fungi simultaneously linked to plant species from each interaction type were overrepresented throughout the network.

Mycoheterotrophic plants as a group interacted with a subset of the fungi detected in autotrophs but are indirectly linked to all autotrophic plants, and fungi with a high overlap in autotrophic partners tended to interact with a similar set of mycoheterotrophs. Moreover, pairs of fungi sharing the same mycoheterotrophic and autotrophic plant species are overrepresented in the network.

We hypothesise that the maintenance of antagonistic interactions is maximised by targeting well linked mutualistic fungi, thereby minimising the risk of carbon supply shortages.
Genomic sequencing of the novel HLA‐C*07:02:01:107 allele by next‐generation sequencing in two Japanese individuals
Authors: Khor Seik‐Soon , Omae Yosuke , Tokunaga Katsushi
Published: June 2022

HLA‐C*07:02:01:107 differs from HLA‐C*07:02:01:01 by two nucleotides in 3′ UTR at position 3789 and 3806.
Data‐driven polyline simplification using a stacked autoencoder‐based deep neural network
Authors: Yu Wenhao , Chen Yujie
Published: June 2022

Automatic simplification of polylines is an important issue in spatial database and mapping. Traditional rule‐based methods are usually limited in performance, especially when the man‐made rules have to be adapted to different polylines with different shapes and structures. Compared to the existing neural network methods focusing only on the output layer or the code layers for classification or regression, our proposed method generates multi‐level abstractions of polylines by extracting features from multiple hidden layers. Specifically, we first organize the cartographic polylines into the form of feature vectors acceptable to the neural network model. Then, a stacked autoencoder‐based deep neural network model is trained to learn the pattern features of polyline bends and omit unimportant details layer by layer. Finally, the multi‐level abstractions of input polylines are generated from different hidden layers of a single model. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared with the classic Douglas–Peucker and Wang and Muller algorithms, the proposed method is able to properly simplify the polylines while representing their essential shapes smoothly and reducing areal displacement.
Owner‐reported outcome measures in veterinary care for companion animal orthopedic patients: An international online survey of veterinarians' expectations and practices
Authors: Radke Heidi , Zhu Tracy Y. , Knoll Christian , Allen Matthew J. , Joeris Alexander
Published: June 2022

Objective

To report veterinarians' familiarity with and perceptions of owner/observer‐reported outcome measures (OROMs) and their applications in routine clinical practice.

Study design

Cross‐sectional online survey.

Animals or sample population

A total of 441 veterinarians with a caseload of companion animal orthopedic patients.

Methods

Respondents answered questions regarding their familiarity with and application of OROMs. Respondents provided opinions on statements related to reasons for using or not using OROMs in routine clinical practice, prerequisites to implement OROMs in routine clinical practice, and whether they would implement OROMs in routine clinical practice if adequate tools/technologies were available.

Results

Most (293/441, 66.4%) respondents felt familiarity with at least one OROM. Only 17.5% (77 out of the 440 answering the question about the application of OROMs) applied OROMs in routine clinical practice. The two main reasons for not using OROMs in routine clinical practice were the lack of opportunity/feasibility and the lack sufficient information/knowledge/experiences. User‐friendliness, time efficiency, and interpretability were considered the most important prerequisites for implementing OROMs in routine clinical practice. If adequate tools/technologies were available, 266/439 (60.6%) respondents indicated that they would definitely implement OROMs in routine clinical practice.

Conclusion

Although most respondents were familiar with at least one OROM, fewer than one‐fifth applied them in routine clinical practice. Most respondents were willing to implement OROMs in routine clinical practice if adequate tools/technologies were available.

Clinical significance

Our results justify further investigations to improve the application of OROMs in routine clinical practice in veterinary care of companion animal orthopedic patients.
Developing the Ecosystem to Enhance Engineering Students’ English Language Abilities
Authors: Mohamed Mimi Nahariah Azwani , Mazda Nurzaidah Amanina , Yunus Riduan , Mohd Shah Shaharil
Published: June 2022

English language teaching in higher education has become more challenging with the growing needs to address English language abilities of students of various fields of study. In Malaysia, English language practitioners at higher institutions hold the responsibilities of addressing the needs of English language competencies of engineering students to prepare these students for the language competency needs of working engineers in the real world. However, there may be limitations in developing these English language competencies within the walls of English language classrooms as English language practitioners may not have sufficient knowledge to contextualise English language teaching into engineering. Thus, an ecosystem is required within the engineering curriculum to provide opportunities for students to develop and apply their English language abilities within engineering contexts. One of the stakeholders that need to play a role in supporting the development of English language competencies in engineering is the engineering lecturers. This paper explores ways in which engineering lecturers perceive English language teaching and support the development of English language competencies in engineering education. Semi-structured interview sessions were conducted on three engineering lecturers from one public university in Malaysia. The data were transcribed, and thematic analysis was employed. The findings provide insights into the roles that engineering lecturers play in supporting the development of English language abilities of engineering students.
The promise of small particles: extracellular vesicles as biomarkers in liver pathology
Authors: Srinivas Akshatha N. , Suresh Diwakar , Kaur Savneet , Kumar Divya P.
Published: June 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscopic packages that are heterogeneous and bona fide players in hepatic physiology and pathology as they are involved in intercellular communication. EVs carrying bioactive cargoes rich in lipids, proteins or nucleic acids are implicated in the onset and progression of liver diseases. Liver pathology using liver biopsy has been assessed for several intricate conditions such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic malignancies and drug‐induced liver injury. The lacunae, however, lie in early diagnosis and timely treatment of the above conditions, underscoring the need for non‐invasive, accurate diagnostic tools that could replace the gold standard method of tissue biopsy. In this regard, EVs have emerged as promising candidates that could serve as potential biomarkers. In the last two decades, EVs, owing to their multifaceted charm in bringing out cell‐free therapeutic responses and the ability of their cargoes to be applied to novel biomarkers, have drawn the great attention of researchers with the advancement and clinical application of liquid biopsy. In this review, we recapitulate the role of EVs and provide insights into the promising role of these small packages as biomarkers in liver pathology.

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Research on Multiobjective Optimization Design of Meshing Performance and Dynamic Characteristics of Herringbone Gear Pair Under 3D Modification
Authors: Li Zhibin , Wang Sanmin , Li Fei , Li Linlin , Zou HaoRan , Liu Linlin
Published: June 2022

Herringbone gear transmission system is widely used in high-speed overloaded fields such as ships. Tooth deformation and installation error, which can cause meshing impact, load mutation, and load uneven, will seriously affect dynamic performance of the whole transmission system. Modification technology is the most effective way to achieve damping and noise reduction. In this article, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) modified tooth surface by grinding wheel along axial to the spiral rise and along radial to the parabolic movement based on the grinding principle and a multiobjective ant lion optimizer model for optimizing meshing performance and dynamic characteristics of herringbone gear transmission system and analyze the impact of optimized modifications of tooth profile, axial, and three dimension on meshing performance, loaded transmission error, load distribution coefficient and meshing impact, meshing stiffness, and vibration acceleration by the example. The results show that the 3D modification of optimization can not only eliminate the contact between the tooth side edge and tooth top edge but also eliminate the influence of installation error on contact performance. The root mean square values of the relative comprehensive vibration acceleration of tooth profile modification, axial modification, and 3D modification are reduced by 30.11%, 49.24%, and 61.41% compared with the standard, respectively. The 3D modification can greatly reduce tooth vibration, reduce resonance peak, and achieve the goal of noise reduction.
Comparing Complementary Kalman Filters Against SLAM for Collaborative Localization of Heterogeneous Multirobot Teams
Authors: Abruzzo Benjamin , Cappelleri David J. , Mordohai Philippos
Published: June 2022

This paper presents an investigation of collaborative localization for heterogeneous robots, resulting in a scheme for relative localization of a heterogeneous team of low-cost mobile robots. A novel complementary Kalman filter (CKF) approach is presented to address collaborative localization and mapping by optimally estimating the error states of the team. This indirect filter optimally combines the inertial/visual proprioceptive measurements of each vehicle with stereoscopic measurements made by unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). An analysis is presented for both CKF and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approaches on maps containing randomly placed obstacles. In both simulation and experiments, we demonstrate the proposed methodology with a heterogeneous robot team. Six behavioral strategies, specifying the role and behavior of each robot, are simulated and evaluated for both CKF and SLAM approaches on maps containing randomly placed obstacles. Results show that the sources of error, image quantization, asynchronous sensors, and a nonstationary bias were sufficiently modeled to estimate the pose of the aerial robot. The results demonstrate localization accuracies of 2–4 cm, on average, while the robots operate at a distance from each other between 1 m and 4 m. The best performing behavior for the CKF approach maintained an average positional error of 2.2 cm and a relative error of 0.30% of the distance traveled for the entire team at the conclusion of maneuvers. For all multi-UGV strategies, the CKF approach outperformed the best SLAM results by a 6.7 cm mean error (0.48% of distance traveled).
Get law enforcement out of biospecimen authentication
Authors: Mathews Debra J. H. , Ram Natalie
Published: June 2022

Use of D NA markers in research that are used in law enforcement risks undermining public trust and participation
In Science Journals
Authors: Stajic Jelena , Jiang Di , Ash Caroline , von Herrath Matthias Georg , Purnell Beverly A. , Erkes Dan A. , Smith H. Jesse , Hurtley Stella M. , Hines Pamela J. , Lavine Marc S. , Osborne Ian S. , Vignieri Sacha , Funk Michael A. , VanHook Annalisa M. , Czajka Caitlin , Dorsett Dale
Published: June 2022

Highlights from the
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In Other Journals
Authors: Lopez Bianca , Scanlon Seth Thomas , Nusinovich Yevgeniya , Hurtley Stella M. , Stajic Jelena , Yeston Jake , Smith H. Jesse
Published: June 2022

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
Telescope in India snares light in spinning mercury
Authors: Clery Daniel
Published: June 2022

Inexpensive “liquid mirrors” could be used in giant telescopes on the Moon
π0–η–η' Mixing in the Theory with Four-Quark Interactions
Authors: Osipov A. A.
Published: June 2022

Mass formulas, mixing angles, and decay constants of the pseudoscalar π0, η, and η' mesons have been obtained in the theory with four-quark interactions with an accuracy to $$\mathcal{O}(1{\text{/}}N_{{\text{c}}}^{2})$$ terms inclusively. Unlike the standard Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model, the meson Lagrangian has been obtained using the Volterra series, which allows a more detailed description of effects caused by the inequality of quark masses. The results have been compared to similar calculations in the 1/Nc chiral perturbation theory. The first corrections to the interaction violating the Zweig formulas have been calculated, and it has been shown that they are important for the description of the mass spectrum of the η–η' mesons.
How to Write Statistical Analysis Section in Medical Research
Authors: Dwivedi Alok Kumar
Published: June 2022

Reporting of statistical analysis is essential in any clinical and translational research study. However, medical research studies sometimes report statistical analysis that is either inappropriate or insufficient to attest to the accuracy and validity of findings and conclusions. Published works involving inaccurate statistical analyses and insufficient reporting influence the conduct of future scientific studies, including meta-analyses and medical decisions. Although the biostatistical practice has been improved over the years due to the involvement of statistical reviewers and collaborators in research studies, there remain areas of improvement for transparent reporting of the statistical analysis section in a study. Evidence-based biostatistics practice throughout the research is useful for generating reliable data and translating meaningful data to meaningful interpretation and decisions in medical research. Most existing research reporting guidelines do not provide guidance for reporting methods in the statistical analysis section that helps in evaluating the quality of findings and data interpretation. In this report, we highlight the global and critical steps to be reported in the statistical analysis of grants and research articles. We provide clarity and the importance of understanding study objective types, data generation process, effect size use, evidence-based biostatistical methods use, and development of statistical models through several thematic frameworks. We also provide published examples of adherence or non-adherence to methodological standards related to each step in the statistical analysis and their implications. We believe the suggestions provided in this report can have far-reaching implications for education and strengthening the quality of statistical reporting and biostatistical practice in medical research.
Spectroscopy of He atom encapsulated in C60 cage: low lying magnetic dipolar (M1) and magnetic quadrupolar (M2) transitions
Authors: Chaudhuri Supriya K.
Published: June 2022

The spectroscopic properties of magnetic dipolar and quadrupolar transitions (M1 and M2) of He atom encapsulated under neutral and charged C60 fullerene cage have been estimated here to understand the effect of cage confinement on the ground state energy ( E), ionization potential (IP), excitation energies (Δ E), and transition probabilities (TPs) of the low lying transitions 1s2:1Se → 1s ns:3S[Formula: see text] and 1s2:1Se → 1s np:3P[Formula: see text] ( n = 2, 3, 4, 5). The methodology adopted is the time-dependent coupled Hartree–Fock theory within a variational scheme, which incorporates partial correlation effects. The effect of encapsulation has been introduced through an effective potential in the one particle potential part due to the fullerene cage. Interesting pattern of the relevant properties of the confined He atom has been observed depending upon overall charge of the fullerene cage.
Evaluation of a randomized nutrition intervention combining nutrition education and cooking workshops on dietary intakes and psychosocial determinants of performance in university football athletes
Authors: Larose David , Panahi Shirin , Jacob Raphaëlle , Drapeau Vicky
Published: June 2022

Although nutrition influences performance, many athletes, including football players, do not meet nutritional requirements for their sport. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a nutrition intervention combining nutrition education and cooking workshops on nutrition knowledge, intention, and perceived behavioral control in the preparation of healthy meals, dietary intakes, and diet quality in male university football players. Athletes ( n = 23; age: 22 ± 1 year) were randomly assigned to an intervention (2 h/week) ( n = 13) or control group ( n = 10) over three weeks. Questionnaires were completed before (pre), immediately after (post 1), and two months after the intervention (post 2). Dietary intakes and diet quality were evaluated from three web-based 24-h dietary recalls per visit. Mixed linear models for repeated measures with Tukey’s post hoc test were performed to determine the effects of the intervention on all outcomes. There was a group by time interaction for nutrition knowledge ( p = 0.002) that was higher immediately after and two months after the intervention compared to the control group. No differences on other outcomes were observed. Combining nutrition education and cooking workshops improved nutrition knowledge, but did not affect intention and perceived behavioral control in the preparation of healthy meals, dietary intakes, and diet quality in male university football athletes.
Superradiant instability in slowly rotating Kerr–Newman black holes
Authors: Myung Yun Soo
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study the superradiant instability of slowly rotating Kerr–Newman (sKN) black holes under a charged massive scalar perturbation. These black holes resemble closer the Reissner–Nordström black holes than the Kerr–Newman black holes. From the scalar potential analysis, we find that the superradiant instability is not allowed in the sKN black holes because the condition for a trapping well is not compatible with the superradiance condition. However, the rate of energy extraction might grow exponentially if the sKN black hole is placed inside a reflecting cavity. Finally, we obtain two conditions for the trapping well to possess quasibound states in the sKN black holes by analyzing asymptotic scalar potential and far-region wave functions.
Interface Engineering of CoO/N-Doped Carbon Nanomaterials as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries
Authors: Sun Qiming , Zhao Yiwei , Yu Xiaodan , Zhang Chao , Xing Shuangxi
Published: June 2022

Robust bifunctional and highly efficient electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) exhibits great prospect in a zinc-air battery (ZAB). Here, we demonstrated a facile route to synthesize a bifunctional electrocatalyst with CoO nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon by interface engineering. The precursor which consists of ball-milled polyaniline (BM-PANI), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate (Co(Ac)2·4H2O) was obtained via homogeneous mixture in the presence of ethanol, and thus, satisfactory interface was formed. After calcination, the synthesized CoO/N-doped carbon composite material presents a half-wave potential of 0.818 V for ORR and an overpotential of 0.417 V at 10 mA cm−2 for OER, which endows it a power density of 92.04 mW cm−2 in a homemade rechargeable ZAB and a high stability outperforming commercial Pt/C. This work highlights the mixture of precursors by interface engineering, thus improving the synergistic effect between metal oxide and carbon and elevating the electrocatalytic activity.
Construction and Sharing of Network Education Resources Based on DM Technology
Authors: Lv Haiyan
Published: June 2022

In traditional teaching, teachers mainly rely on books to impart knowledge to students, and students mainly broaden their knowledge and enrich their knowledge reserves through books. In network teaching, network construction is the foundation, resource construction is the core, teaching application is the purpose, teachers or students can query through the network, and transfer the required content from the repository of teaching information resources, teaching or learning. It is a new achievement of modern information technology applied to education, which breaks through the time and space boundaries and is different from the traditional classroom teaching mode. Based on DM technology, this paper studies the construction of network education resources, collects all aspects of attribute information of visitors, recommends the most interesting content to visitors on the premise of grasping the scope and characteristics of visitors’ needs, and adjusts the changes of users’ interests at any time to remove the information never visited. Using DM technology, the mining data source can be obtained by data cleaning. DM technology can be divided into classification and prediction, cluster analysis and association analysis according to functions.
Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 5-Day Concomitant Treatment
Authors: Goldberg Lia , Amrick Thomas J.
Published: June 2022

Background. Untreated Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastrointestinal conditions including peptic ulcer disease, chronic gastritis, and gastric cancer. The ACG guidelines presently call for triple therapy consisting of a PPI, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin or metronidazole for 14 days. The ACG recommends this treatment as a first-line therapy despite the recognition of growing resistance to clarithromycin, presently upwards of 15-20%. Aims. Studied was the effectiveness of a 5-day concomitant eradication protocol. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 77 H. pylori infected, treatment naïve patients, prescribed a 5-day concomitant therapy containing levofloxacin 500 mg b.i.d., amoxicillin 1 gm b.i.d., tinidazole 500 mg b.i.d., and esomeprazole 40 mg b.i.d. in our New Jersey community setting. Eradication was confirmed with C13 urea breath test. Results. In our intention-to-treat analysis of 65 patients, 54 patients (83.03%) achieved eradication confirmed by C13 urea breath testing. Conclusions. Highly efficacious eradication rates of 80-90% can be achieved with 5-day concomitant treatment (levofloxacin, esomeprazole, tinidazole, and amoxicillin) in a community practice. Our treatment protocol achieves comparable, if not better, clearance rates as compared to agents specified in the ACG consensus guidelines recommending a longer 10–14-day treatment. Additionally, our protocol resulted in better patient compliance, was more cost-effective, shorter, and was well-tolerated compared even to newer treatments, like rifabutin. Thus, these results successfully demonstrate that this 5-day b.i.d. therapy, originally identified over 20 years ago, continues to be an effective choice option and is likely superior as it has comparable clearance rates to traditional 10–14-day therapy.
Detecting IKEv1 Man-in-the-Middle Attack with Message-RTT Analysis
Authors: Sun Yunxiao , Wang Bailing , Liu Hongri , Wei Yuliang , Wu Di , Wang Jing
Published: June 2022

The IPSec has been a widely used VPN (virtual private network) protocol due to its security and convenience. The security of IPsec itself plays a fundamental role in the overall security of the application system. However, it can be found from the existing research that because of some insecurity issues in the application process, the IPsec protocol will suffer from the man-in-the-middle attack. In this paper, we constructed the first experiment environment of IKE (Internet Key Exchange) man-in-the-middle detecting, use normal distribution to detect the RTT (round-trip time), and get 90% of accuracy.
Study on the Development Model of the Combination of “Third-Tier” Industrial Heritage and Rural Tourism under the Concept of Urban Image
Authors: Yang Lu
Published: June 2022

In order to pay attention to the protection of the third tier industrial heritage, this paper puts forward the protection measures of combining the third tier industrial heritage with tourism based on the concept of urban image. The tourism value of the tertiary industrial heritage is evaluated by using the comprehensive evaluation method. Through the analysis of the tourism value evaluation system combining the three-level industrial heritage and rural tourism in a certain city, the following conclusions are drawn. In the comprehensive evaluation layer, the value of the third tier industrial heritage accounts for the largest weight of 0.5581, indicating that the third tier industrial heritage resources occupy an important position in the third tier industrial heritage tourism value system. Tourism development conditions also account for a large proportion, which explains that while adhering to the principle of third tier industrial heritage protection, we should pay attention to the consideration of tourism development conditions. It once again emphasizes the importance of the third tier industrial heritage for the development of industrial heritage tourism and the significance of the protection of the third tier industrial heritage for tourism development. In the three-level evaluation layer of industrial heritage and rural tourism, the historical and cultural value and social and cultural value have the largest weight. They are the leading factor of the combined value of tertiary industrial heritage and rural tourism. Historical and cultural value is one of the important meanings of three-level industrial heritage protection and also the essence of the combined development of third-level industrial heritage tourism and rural tourism. Social value determines the recognition of tourists and people to participate in the development of tourism. In the evaluation layer of tourism development conditions, the development potential is particularly prominent. The development potential is the characteristic of the third tier industrial heritage tourism of a city. The development of the third tier industrial heritage tourism of a city must be combined with the local characteristics to highlight the differences.
Digital Camouflage Pattern Design Based on the Biased Random Walk
Authors: Gan Yuanying , Liu Chuntong , He Zhenxin , Li Hongcai , Liu Zhongye
Published: June 2022

Digital camouflage is a common countermeasure against military reconnaissance. In the face of high-tech imaging reconnaissance, battlefield detection means tend to be automated and refined. In order to adapt to the concealment requirements under various environmental backgrounds, combined with the camouflage performance of digital camouflage and its feedback mechanism in camouflage pattern design, this paper proposed a digital camouflage pattern design method based on biased random walk. Firstly, the original background is preprocessed, and the background texture’s direction, corner, step length, and pixel intensity difference are statistically analyzed, and the boundary probability between pixel nodes is estimated. Then, a biased random walk is used to outline the camouflage patches. The edge scatter is enriched according to the density of the patches, and the camouflage patches are filled according to the proportion of the main color of the background. Finally, a digital camouflage pattern is obtained. The quantitative analysis results show that the mean heart rate of the digital camouflage pattern based on multiscene design is at least 31.0% higher than that of the original background segmentation texture, and the standard deviation index of equivalent diameter is increased by 14.9% on average. In addition, the results of simulation camouflage image detection in multiple scenes show that the proposed method can effectively deal with camouflage target detection on the basis of fully retaining the original background texture information and has strong camouflage concealment effect in the scene.
Artificial Intelligence in Agricultural Picking Robot Displacement Trajectory Tracking Control Algorithm
Authors: Wu Zhipan , Du Huaying
Published: June 2022

With the development and leap of artificial intelligence technology, more and more robots have penetrated into all walks of life. Today’s agriculture is changing in the direction of modernization and automation. On the one hand, because of rising labor costs, it cannot afford to consume a large amount of labor for agricultural operations. On the other hand, the population is growing rapidly, and traditional agricultural production, picking, and other links have been unable to keep pace with the development of the times. Therefore, it is very necessary to use artificial intelligence technology to transform traditional agriculture. The purpose of this paper is to use artificial intelligence technology to plan, track, and optimize the displacement trajectory of the agricultural picking robot, so as to improve the working efficiency of the picking robot. In this paper, the neural network, the D-H modeling method of the manipulator, and the forward and reverse motion of the manipulator are explained and analyzed, and based on the relevant algorithms of neural network, the manipulator is modeled, and then the, forward and reverse motion of the manipulator is analyzed in detail, and the digital model of the picking robot is constructed. Then, the angle and motion speed of each joint of the robot are analyzed to reduce the motion trajectory error caused by friction and other factors. Then, the simulation experiment of the displacement trajectory tracking control is carried out, and the linear trajectory motion and the arc trajectory motion are deeply analyzed, and the axis error is greatly reduced after 6 iterations. Finally, the displacement trajectory is optimized. The optimized total movement time is shortened by 6.84 seconds, which enables the picking robot to not only ensure work efficiency but also accurately complete the planned displacement trajectory. After continuous experiments on the algorithm model and the picking robot, the actual trajectory of the picking robot at 0.7 seconds can be expected. The trajectories are completely coincident, indicating that the neural network plays a very important role in the trajectory research of picking robots.
Complex Vascular Reconstruction of an En Bloc Pediatric Kidney Damaged during Organ Procurement
Authors: Riella Juliano , Tabbara Marina M. , Abreu Phillipe , Gonzalez Javier , Ciancio Gaetano , Figueiro José Maria
Published: June 2022

En bloc pediatric kidney (EBPK) allografts are a potential solution to expand the organ donor pool; however, EBPK transplantation has been traditionally considered suboptimal due to concerns of perioperative vascular and urologic complications. Accidental organ or vasculature injury during harvest is not uncommon; however, this does not necessarily mean that the organ should be discarded. Careful vascular reconstruction can be performed using donor vascular grafts, salvaging the organ without stenosis or thrombosis of the vessels. We report an extensive vascular reconstruction of the right renal artery, aorta, and inferior vena cava of a damaged EBPK allograft using a donor pediatric aorta vascular patch with the goal of avoiding postoperative vascular complications.
A Numerical Method for Solving Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Wang Yahong , Zhou Haili , Mei Liangcai , Lin Yingzhen
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we solve the fractional differential equations (FDEs) with boundary value conditions in Sobolev space

H

n

0,1

. The strategy is constructing multiscale orthonormal basis for

H

n

0,1

to get the approximation for the problems. The convergence of the method is proved, and it is tested on some numerical experiments; the tests show that our method is more efficient and accurate. The notion of numerical stability with respect to the condition number is introduced proving that the proposed method is numerically stable in this sense.
Synergistic Antitumor Effects of Anlotinib Combined with Oral 5-Fluorouracil/S-1 via Inhibiting Src/AKT Signaling Pathway in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xia Xinhang , Pi Wenhu , Lan Yanli , Wu Xiaomai , Lv Dongqing , Meng Yinnan , Yang Haihua , Wang Wei
Published: June 2022

Background. Small-molecule tyrosine inhibitor anlotinib which developed in China has been approved as a third-line treatment for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Our previous clinical study found that anlotinib combined with S-1 has better short-term ORR than the single-agent anlotinib of SCLC and other small-molecule vascular targeted drug therapies in the treatment of SCLC. However, the molecular mechanism of those effect remains unclear. Methods. SCLC cell line H446 was treated with either anlotinib, 5-FU alone, or combination. The cellular effects including cell viability, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, cell migration, and invasion were explored to evaluate the cell proliferation level. Western blot was performed to determine the protein levels of the combined action of the two drugs. The xenograft mouse model was established by injection of H446 cells into mouse, and the animals were randomized and assigned for the drug treatments. Body weights and tumor sizes were recorded. WB was conducted using tumor tissues. All data were collected and statistically analyzed using

t

-test to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. Results. When anlotinib was combined with 5-FU, the IC50 value of cells was significantly reduced. And apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cell motility rates were stronger when anlotinib combined with 5-FU than in the anlotinib or 5-FU alone. In H446 cell-derived xenograft mouse model, tumor volumes were significantly decreased in Anlo/5-FU combination group than anlotinib or 5-FU alone group. Western blot showed the decreasing expression of p-Src/p-AKT in the Anlo/5-FU group. Conclusion. Our data revealed that the treatment of combination of antitumor angiogenesis agent anlotinib with chemotherapy drug 5-FU may have synergistic cytotoxicity to SCLC in vitro and in vivo. This treatment modality reduced cell proliferation and migration via Src/AKT pathway. This new strategy may be a promising treatment for SCLC but needs to be confirmed in future clinical trials.
Optimization Model of Financial Market Portfolio Using Artificial Fish Swarm Model and Uniform Distribution
Authors: Xiao Yao
Published: June 2022

The central issue in finance is how to select a portfolio in the financial market. The traditional artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is optimized in this paper, and the improved AFSA is used to solve the portfolio model. This model generates a uniform distribution operator using uniform distribution and combines it with the basic fish swarm algorithm. Uniform variation occurs when the variance of the optimal value of continuous convergence is within the allowable error. In this manner, the fish can escape the trap of the local extremum, obtaining the global optimal state. To validate the feasibility of improving AFSA, this paper conducts simulation experiments on portfolio problems using MATLAB tools. Experiments show that this model has an accuracy of 93.56 percent, which is 8.43 percent higher than that of the NSGA-II model and 3.76 percent higher than that of the multiobjective optimization model. The experiment shows that the algorithm in this paper can solve these types of problems well and that, using this model, the optimal portfolio investment decision scheme satisfying investors can be obtained. The optimized AFSA presented in this paper can serve as an important reference for investment portfolios and has a wide range of application possibilities in the investment market.