bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of a free-space optical communication system employing receive diversity techniques in anisotropic atmospheric non-Kolmogorov turbulence
Authors: Ata Yalçın , Baykal Yahya , Gökçe Muhsin Caner
Published: June 2022

In this paper, bit error rate (BER) performance of a free-space optical communication (FSOC) system operating in anisotropic non-Kolmogorov weak turbulence is investigated together with the spatial diversity techniques. The spatial diversity techniques are implemented as maximum ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGC), and selection combining (SC) and applied to the receiver. The propagating beam is the Gaussian beam wave, and the modulation scheme is binary phase-shift keying (BPSK). Results are obtained for various parameters such as the anisotropy factor, non-Kolmogorov power law exponent, photodetector responsivity, equivalent load resistor, electronic bandwidth, Gaussian beam radius, wavelength, propagation distance, and turbulence structure constant. It is found that the spatial diversity technique used at the receiver causes significant improvement in the performance of an FSOC system under the conditions of anisotropic non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence. It is also observed that BER performance improves as the atmospheric turbulence becomes more anisotropic. Among the spatial diversity techniques, SC is inferior to EGC and EGC is inferior to MRC in terms of BER performance.
Flexible manipulation of plasmon dephasing time via the adjustable Fano asymmetric dimer
Authors: Xu Yang , Qin Yulu , Lang Peng , Ji Boyu , Song Xiaowei , Lin Jingquan
Published: June 2022

It is highly desirable to flexibly and actively manipulate the dephasing time of a plasmon in many potential applications; however, this remains a challenge. In this work, by using femtosecond time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy, we experimentally demonstrated that the Fano resonance mode in the asymmetric nanorod dimer can greatly extend the dephasing time of a femtosecond plasmon, whereas the non-Fano resonance results in a smaller dephasing time due to the large radiative damping, and flexible manipulation of the dephasing time can be realized by adjusting one of the nanorods in the Fano asymmetric dimer. Interestingly, it was found that plasmon resonance wavelengths both appeared red-shifted as the length of the upper or lower nanorods increased individually, but the dephasing time varied. Furthermore, it also indicated that the dephasing time can be prolonged with a smaller ascending rate by increasing the length of both the nanorods simultaneously while keeping the dimer asymmetry. Meanwhile, the roles of radiative and nonradiative damping in dephasing time are unveiled in the process of nanorod length variation. These results are well supported by numerical simulations and calculations.
Slightly different metabolomic profiles are associated with high or low weight duck foie gras
Authors: Lo Bara , Marty-Gasset Nathalie , Manse Helene , Canlet Cecile , Domitile Renaud , Remignon Herve
Published: June 2022

Understanding the evolution of fatty liver metabolism of ducks is a recurrent issue for researchers and industry. Indeed, the increase in weight during the overfeeding period leads to an important change in the liver metabolism. However, liver weight is highly variable at the end of overfeeding within a batch of animals reared, force-fed and slaughtered in the same way. For this study, we performed a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis on two classes of fatty liver samples, called low-weight liver (weights between 550 and 599 g) and high-weight liver (weights above 700 g). The aim of this study was to identify the differences in metabolism between two classes of liver weight (low and high). Firstly, the results suggested that increased liver weight is associated with higher glucose uptake leading to greater lipid synthesis. Secondly, this increase is probably also due to a decline in the level of export of triglycerides from the liver by maintaining them at high hepatic concentration levels, but also of hepatic cholesterol. Finally, the increase in liver weight could lead to a significant decrease in the efficiency of aerobic energy metabolism associated with a significant increase in the level of oxidative stress. However, all these hypotheses will have to be confirmed in the future, by studies on plasma levels and specific assays to validate these results.
Novel elemental grading system for radiographic lumbar spondylosis in a population based-cohort study of a Japanese mountain village
Authors: Yamada Junichi , Akeda Koji , Takegami Norihiko , Fujiwara Tatsuhiko , Nishimura Akinobu , Sudo Akihiro
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Lumbar radiography is a primary screening tool for lumbar spondylosis (LS). Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification is widely used to evaluate LS; however, it cannot individually evaluate each radiographic feature. The purpose of this study was to 1) evaluate radiographic LS using a novel elemental grading system and 2) investigate the relationship between the grades of radiographic LS and low back pain (LBP) in a population-based cohort study.

Methods

A total of 260 (75 men, 185 women; mean age, 71.5 ± 8.7 years) participants were included in this study. Participants were divided into two groups according to the presence of LBP (LBP- and LBP+ groups). Radiographic features, including osteophyte (OP), disc height narrowing (DHN), vertebral sclerosis (VS), and spondylolisthesis (SL), were classified between grades of 0–2 grades according to the extent of radiographic changes. The sum of grades at each intervertebral level was designated as the intervertebral grade (IG).

Results

Intra- and inter-observer reliability (kappa coefficient) of OP, DHN, VS, and SL were 0.82–0.92. OP, DHN, VS, and IG grades were significantly higher in the LBP+ group than in the LBP- group. There were no significant differences in KL grades between the LBP- and LBP+ groups. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that VS grade was a significant independent factor associated with LBP.

Conclusion

The novel elemental grading system of LS would reflect LBP more accurately than the KL classification by individually evaluating each radiographic feature.
Topological characteristics of international business cycle synchronization: A network analysis of the BRI economies
Authors: Qiu Zhiping , Mai Sichao
Published: June 2022

Based on the GDP constant 2010 US$ from the World Bank, this paper uses the instantaneous quasi-correlation coefficient to measure the business cycle synchronization linkages among 53 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) economies from 2000 to 2019, and empirically studies the topological characteristics of the Business Cycle Synchronization Network (BCSN) with the help of complex network analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows: First, the BCSN density and efficiency of BRI economies are still low, and it presents a topological feature of “small world”. Second, the individual characteristics of the economies in the network are obviously different. Among them, China’s relative influence is significantly increased, but its betweenness centrality level is still low. Third, since the inception of BRI, the topological characteristics of BCSN of BRI economies have undergone great changes, and their topological evolution has gradually reflected the characteristic of self-stability.
Combat exposure and behavioral health in U.S. Army Special Forces
Authors: Rivera Anna C. , LeardMann Cynthia A. , Rull Rudolph P. , Cooper Adam , Warner Steve , Faix Dennis , Deagle Edwin , Neff Rob , Caserta Ryan , Adler Amy B. ,   for the Millennium Cohort Study Team
Published: June 2022

Although combat has been found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, little is known about the impact of specific combat exposures, particularly among specialized personnel. This study examined the association of different types of combat exposures with behavioral health outcomes, and whether these associations differed by Army occupational specialization: General Purpose Forces infantrymen (n = 5,361), Ranger Qualified infantrymen (n = 308), and Special Forces personnel (n = 593). Multivariable regression models estimated the association of combat severity, type of combat event (fighting, killing, threat to oneself, death/injury of others), and type of killing with mental health disorders, trouble sleeping, and problem drinking. Combat severity, each type of combat event, and killing noncombatants were associated with adverse health outcomes after adjusting for covariates and other combat exposures. Except for trouble sleeping, these associations did not differ by occupational specialization, though the prevalence and odds of outcomes were generally lower for Special Forces personnel.
Estimating core body temperature using electrocardiogram signals
Authors: Kurosaka Chie , Maruyama Takashi , Yamada Shimpei , Hachiya Yuriko , Ueta Yoichi , Higashi Toshiaki
Published: June 2022

Suppressing the elevation in core body temperature is an important factor in preventing heatstroke. However, there is still no non-invasive method to sense core body temperature. This study proposed an algorithm that estimates core body temperature based on electrocardiogram signals. A total of 12 healthy men (mean age ± SD = 39.6 ± 13.4) performed an ergometric exercise load test under two conditions of exercise load in an environmental chamber adjusted to a temperature of 35°C and humidity of 50%. Vital sensing data such as electrocardiograms, core body temperatures, and body surface temperatures were continuously measured, and physical data such as body weight were obtained from participants pre- and post-experiment. According to basic physiological knowledge, heart rate and body temperature are closely related. We analyzed the relationship between core body temperature and several indexes obtained from electrocardiograms and found that the amount of change in core body temperature had a strong relationship with analyzed data from electrocardiograms. Based on these findings, we developed the amount of change in core body temperature estimation model using multiple regression analysis including the Poincaré plot index of the ECG R-R interval. The estimation model showed an average estimation error of -0.007°C (average error rate = -0.02%) and an error range of 0.457–0.445°C. It is suggested that continuous core body temperature change can be estimated using electrocardiogram signals regardless of individual characteristics such as age and physique. Based on this applicable estimation model, we plan to enhance estimation accuracy and further verify efficacy by considering clothing and environmental conditions.
Citizenship types, social media use and speaking a foreign language as predictors of global competence
Authors: Kilinç Emin , Tarman Bulent
Published: June 2022

One of the main roles of schooling is equipping students with civic values and preparing them for participation in democratic societies. However, what should be taught and what kind of citizenship should be promoted are core issues in civic education, especially in the time of globalization. As several researchers stated, what kind of citizens we want to nurture and what kind of school curricula will best promote it are contentious topics among educators and policy-makers. The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of speaking a foreign language, social media use and types of citizenship on global competence. The correlational survey model was applied for the study. The participants were selected through cluster random sampling during the 2018–19 academic year. This study was implemented with 425 high-school students in Turkey. The author used the Global Citizenship Scale and ‘What Kind of Citizen’ survey. The findings showed that the number of social networks that participants engaged in was positively related to global competence. A positive attitude towards participatory citizenship was also associated with global competence. Multiple regression was conducted to determine the best linear combination of speaking a foreign language, social media use, and attitude towards participatory citizenship for predicting global competence. Test results showed that the combination of these variables significantly predicted global competence.
Musical citizenship as a means to disrupt exclusions: Potentials and limitations as understood in times of a pandemic
Authors: Kyratsou Chrysi
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the potential of in-group music lessons to foster musical citizenship. It further discusses the relation between musical citizenship and conventional citizenship and shows how musical citizenship reorientates our thoughts towards citizenship, particularly in the light of the recent pandemic. The discussion is based upon reflection on semi-structured interviews conducted during my ethnographic fieldwork research on musicking among refugees sheltering in reception centres. The discussion is framed with approaches to citizenship and musical citizenship. The discussion is structured in three parts. First, I conceptualize my interlocutors’ current ‘in limbo’ status. Second, I show how music learning in-group fosters musical citizenship and helps navigate exclusions. Third, the attention shifts on how music learning was impacted by the way that the lockdown was implemented as a measure to limit the spread of the pandemic, highlighting the inclusivity of ‘musical citizenship’ undermined by (conventional) citizenship and the relevant exclusionary policies.
Folk costume as theatrical costume
Authors: Papantoniou Ioanna , Pantouvaki Sofia
Published: June 2022

This essay introduces an unpublished talk by Greek stage designer Ioanna Papantoniou (born 1936) entitled ‘Local costume in a theatrical performance’, originally presented at the First Panhellenic Meeting of Ephors (Curators) and Dance Teachers at the Lyceum Club of Greek Women in Athens, in November 1990. Prior to and alongside her professional design career in the field of theatre, Papantoniou was actively engaged as a researcher in ethnography studies on Greek local costumes and folk dances. Driven by her passion for the study of Greek local dress combined with her professional experience as a stage designer, Papantoniou has given several talks on the connections between theatrical performance and folk traditions, as well as on the interrelationship between local dress and theatrical costume on stage and in festivities. In this talk she conflates local costume and folk dance as a form of performance and discusses how these two elements become an artistic creation when it comes to staged performances outside their original setting in a village. Thus, she draws a line between the ‘authentic’ and the staged performance, the latter of which is what she considers contemporary folk dancing in reproduced folk costume to be. The published text is based on a transcript of the talk, translated into English, and further edited by costume designer and scholar Sofia Pantouvaki, who also provides an introduction and numerous annotations to make the talk accessible by an international audience.
Modernizing Costume Design: 1820–1920, Annie Holt (2020)
Authors: Osmond Suzanne
Published: June 2022

Review of: Modernizing Costume Design: 1820–1920, Annie Holt (2020)

Abingdon: Routledge, 168 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-36715-063-1, h/bk, €158.00, ISBN 978-0-42905-478-5, e-book, €39.00
Género y menores youtubers internacionales en la creación de contenidos. Desafíos más allá de la normativa
Authors: Martín-Casado Teresa-Gema
Published: June 2022

Si pensamos en el tiempo que pasan los menores frente a las redes sociales, somos conscientes de la necesidad de conocer y controlar al máximo los contenidos que estas redes presentan. Las redes tienen un gran éxito sobre los niños y adolescentes y por ello los contenidos que crean y perciben ejercen un gran poder en su construcción de significados y sentido crítico. En este estudio intentaremos conocer la representación de género que muestran niños y niñas en sus canales de youtube. Para ello hemos seleccionado a las cinco personas menores youtubers que gozan de mayor éxito internacional, con el fin de analizar mediante el método de análisis de contenido:  el formato, los estereotipos, tipos de producto, … buscando en ello determinar si la creatividad que construyen niños y niñas es diferente entre sí, fomentando así en sus canales desigualdades de género. Pudiendo comprobar que efectivamente, la creación de contenidos no representa la igualdad, no siempre se da y no se regula ni cuida como relevante.
Características estruturais dos estudos sobre Jornalismo Imersivo 2010-2020
Authors: Rocha Angelo-Eduardo , Rocha Paula-Melani
Published: June 2022

O artigo investiga e sistematiza características estruturais dos estudos publicados sobre Jornalismo Imersivo (IJ) entre os anos 2010 a 2020, localiza as referências mais citadas e as novas vertentes sobre o tema. O conceito de IJ foi cunhado a partir da referência de De la Peña et al. (2010). O Jornalismo realizado com a tecnologia e Realidade Virtual (VR) busca restabelecer o envolvimento emocional do público nos acontecimentos, possibilita maior empatia e compreensão de uma realidade noticiada (Domínguez, 2015). IJ é um objeto de pesquisa emergente, assim como a tecnologia de VR, e demanda de sistematizações e atualizações bibliográficas. O artigo utiliza o método de Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS), a partir do software Gephi, para criar redes semânticas de modo a identificar e analisar a co-ocorrência, centralidade e comunidades formadas a partir das palavras-chave encontradas nas pesquisas catalogadas com o termo “immersive journalism”. Foram consultadas as bases Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, Portal de Periódicos e Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Entre os resultados, na última década, está um protagonismo das instituições espanholas em sediar pesquisas sobre IJ. Em 2020, um crescimento das discussões teóricas alinhado ao uso da tecnologia VR no jornalismo e um foco centrado em estudos de recepção.
The communicating materialities. The speaking non-objects of the digital Amazon Forest
Authors: Franco Thiago , Di Felice Massimo , Ferreira de Souza Josias
Published: June 2022

The article presents the performance and communicative qualities of a few materials present in some Amazon regions. Concomitantly, the article addresses the communicational relations between humans and non-humans from the perspective of two ethnic groups in the Amazon: the Krahô and Sateré-Mawé. In addition to the non-anthropocentric description, the article combines the ethnography and geolocation mapping methodological techniques. It also addresses the digital transformation of these non-objects, their displacements, and their new lives in digital networks. The result of both studies shows the impossibility of defining such materiality, alive and interacting, through the use of Western categories based on the ontological distinction between subject and object.
Analysis of Conflict Dynamics in Re-Naturalization Policy for the 4 Major Rivers
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Nam Hee
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the dynamics of policy conflicts in pursuing the Re-Naturalization Policy of the dismantling the weirs to restore the nature of the 4 major rivers in S. Korea. The study attempted to derive policy leverage points to alleviate the dynamic conflicts created while transitioning from the 4 Major Rivers Development Policy of past government to the Re-Naturalization Policy of current government. It was confirmed that the restoration of the nature of the rivers involves complex interactions of diverse and numerous socioeconomic and ecological factors, producing highly dynamic conflict behavior over time. The analysis shows that the expression of conflict differed by the period in the process of policy transition, and a dominant feedback structure was constructed to identify leverage points in alleviating the intractable conflicts in an arena where various interests groups such as the government, political parties, environmental groups, farmers, and local-area residents, etc. interplay.
Effect of Media Use, Social Circumstances, and Optimistic Bias on COVID-19 Preventive Behavior Intention
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim In Sook , Heo Jin
Published: June 2022

This paper studied the influence of media use, social circumstances and optimistic bias on COVID-19 preventive behavior intention. The hypotheses of the paper consist of three parts. First, the paper investigated the effects of media use on COVID-19 preventive behavior intention. Second, the effects of social circumstances on COVID-19 preventive behavior intention were analyzed. Finally, the effect of optimistic bias on COVID-19 preventive behavior intention was analyzed. Those hypotheses were verified using a survey of 1000 adults in Korea conducted by the Korea Press Foundation. The results showed that women and older people were more likely to show preventive behavior intention. The uses of internet portal services and the government home page were positively related to but face-to-face communication was negatively related to COVID-19 preventive behavior intention. The evaluations of medical center response, and others response were positively related to COVID-19 preventive behavior intention. Finally, optimistic bias was negatively related to COVID-19 preventive behavior intention.
Disaster Relief Support for Disaster Victims and Reinforcement of Disaster Resilience: Measuring the Relative Importance Using AHP Analysis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim A Yeon , Lee Jae Eun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to suggest improvements in disaster relief and welfare support activities by measuring the relative importance of disaster relief factors to strengthen the resilience of COVID-19 disaster victims. The main results are as follows. First, it is recognized that the support principle is more important than the support subject in disaster relief and welfare support activities. Among the elements of the support principle, the principle of timeliness was found to be the most important. Second, it was found that the local government recognized as the first priority rather than the central government in the relative priority of each measurement element for the support subject. Third, it is necessary for local governments to expand their participation in order to increase the active participation of residents. Fourth, it is necessary to build a system that can check network capabilities. As a result, increasing the capacity between local governments and local residents can help to strengthen the resilience of disaster victims.
Infectious Disease Disaster Management and Cooperative Governance: Securing Resources for COVID-19 Disaster Response Using SNA
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lin Dong Lin Dong , Lee Jae Eun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to review the cooperative roles among various social organizations in the COVID-19 response process and to scientifically analyze the structure and characteristics of cooperative networks between organizations through Social Network Analysis(SNA). Studying cooperative networks among social organizations in the process of infectious disease disaster management has important meaning in supplementing the ability to respond to sudden disasters. The ways to improve cooperative governance among various social organizations that emerged from the COVID-19 disaster are as follows. First, it is necessary to establish a permanent cooperation platform that is effective in the long run among various social organizations. Second, it is necessary to enhance the disaster response capacity of social organizations in critical and sudden disaster situations. Third, local social organizations should innovate their cooperative methods and strengthen public relations.
An Exploratory Study on the Effect of Adolescents' Social Support and Depression on Life Satisfaction
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hong Yeon Ran , Do Eun Young
Published: June 2022

This study aims to investigate the influence of individual, family & environmental, and psychosocial factors on the life satisfaction of high school students. The subjects of this study were 376 high school students. The effects of general characteristics and family-environmental factors added by psychosocial factors on the degree of life satisfaction were analyzed (Model 3). As a result, The degree of social support of the subjects was at least 26, up to 60, and an average of 47.77 ± 8.07, and the degree of depression was at least 0, up to 60, and an average of 14.66 ± 9.15, indicating a normal category. Life satisfaction was found to be a minimum of 5 points, a maximum of 35 points, and an average of 21.39 ± 6.34. The variables affecting the life satisfaction with high school adolescents were in the order of social support(β = .346, p < .001), school life satisfaction(β = .290, p < .001), sleeping(β = .151, p < .01) and depression(β = -.104, p < .05). Based on these results, In order to improve the life satisfaction of high school students, we intend to seek intervention measures that can be used in practice sites at the individual, parent, environment, and school level.
Analysis of the Effectiveness for Civil Defense and Disaster Safety Education
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Park Kiyong , Cho Sungbae
Published: June 2022

Recently, the damage from natural and social disasters has been increasing. The significance of Disaster Safety Education appears boosting so as to appropriately prevent and respond it in advance in case of the disasters. The study investigated on the subjects of the Civil Defense and Disaster Safety Education program, conducted by the National Civil Defense and Disaster Management Training Institute. According to the investigation, the influence relationship was analyzed for applying multiple regression analysis through subdividing the three main factors of the instructor’s direct variables, ability, curriculum, and teaching method, respectively. The analysis shows that the indirect variables of experience training, professionalism, goals, repeatability, content composition, cooperation and communication skills have a significantly positive effect on the effectiveness of Disaster Safety Education. Ultimately, in order to respond to the disasters, it is quite necessary to strengthen the comprehensive factors and to set up the integrated Civil Defense and Disaster Safety Education from a long-term point strategy, as well as to efficiently use education programs, which will constantly minimize the damage caused by the disasters as readily as possible.
Estimation of Energy Loss in Water Distribution Network Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jang Dong Woo , Choi Youn Gyu , Yoon In Jun
Published: June 2022

Supervision of a stable water supply should be supported by proper analysis of the levels of energy supplied and consumed. Accurate prediction of the energy lost to friction in pipelines can be helpful for effective management of a water distribution system. The present study applied an artificial neural network (ANN) in predicting energy lost due to friction in a drinking water distribution system. The study site was the Cheongna water distribution system in Incheon, and the results obtained through the EPANET model were used to estimate energy lost to friction. Major hydraulic factors of the pipelines were used as input data for predicting the coefficient of friction loss, friction loss head, and energy loss through the ANN. The findings were compared to the model simulation values to determine the applicability of ANN. The findings in the study showed that using an ANN produced highly accurate estimates of coefficient of friction loss and friction loss head in the pipelines, whereas energy loss could not be accurately estimated. This study suggest that an ANN can be used to estimate factors related to friction in pipelines.
Development of Reservoir Operation Rule and Establishment of Flood Limited Level in Agriculture Reservoir
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yang Jun Seok , Ahn Seung Seop , Park Ki Bum
Published: June 2022

In this study, a method to secure flood control capacity using emergency gates of agricultural reservoirs, which generally do nat have flood control, was studies. In the case of the Sungju reservoir the target water level of this study, a plan to maintain the limited water level during the flood season was reviewed by pre-releasing 70%, 65% and 60% of the effective storage capacity. By changing the opening of the emergency gate from the initial water level condition, a pre-release condition that can satisfy the limited water level during the flood period is suggested. In addition, the water level after 24-hours of pre-release was set as the initial water level at the time of flood inflow, and the 24 hours rainfall was analyzed for 200mm to 600 mm. It was analyzed that damage could be reduced. Lastly, the conditions of emergency gate opning according to water level conditions is presented for the operation of the flood season through the pre-release of the Sungju reservoir, so that it can be used as a reference for the operation of the flood season of the Sungju reservoir.
A Qualitative Study on the Experience of Family Reconstruction after Divorce of Marriage Migrant Women
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim So Hee
Published: June 2022

This study is to examine the family dissolution and reconstruction experiences of marriage migrant women. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven marriage migrant women who got divorced and then formed new couple relationships in Korea. The data were analyzed by a phenomenological analysis method. As a result, the analysis identified 146 meaningful statements and 28 sub-categories resulting in 9 core categories: ‘getting off on the wrong foot,’ ‘mounting conflict and distrust,’ ‘expressions of deepening conflict and increasing anxiety,’ ‘escape from pain and incomplete freedom,’ ‘becoming a Korean as a mother for Korean children,’ ‘desire for happiness,’ ‘crack of happiness,’ ‘repositioning’ and ‘exercising embedded agency.’ The nature of marriage migrant women’s experience derived from these categories could be described as ‘surviving beyond the barrier behind the barrier.’ Based on the main findings, this paper discusses the practical implications for marriage migrants.
Investigating Drivers’ Characteristics That Influence the Likelihood of Driving under the Influence of Alcohol (DUIA) Recurrence
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Do-Gyeong
Published: June 2022

This study attempted to identify significant factors affecting the likelihood of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol (DUIA) recurrence based on the drivers’ related characteristics of recidivists. A survival model was used to identify the differences in time period taken until the DUIA recurrence occurs, and a Cox proportional hazard model was employed to investigate which factors are more likely to affect the likelihood of DUIA recurrence. For the analysis, data were collected through a survey of 320 drivers who had been prosecuted as DUIA and to complete the DUIA special traffic safety education program at the Uijeongbu branch of Road Traffic Authority, and then combined with DUIA-related data stored at the National Police Agency database system. The results of survival analysis indicated that the median period from the first offence to the second one was about 347.8 weeks, and that age, gender, occupation, education, and Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) were significantly found as risk factors affecting the likelihood of DUIA recurrence. From the analytical results, it seems to establish a countermeasure for differentiated education and management for each driver factor.
The New Direction of the Port Environmental Management Policy Based on the Air Pollution Status in the Port Hinterland: Focusing on the Concentrations of Ambient Coarse Particulate Matter (PM10) in the Hinterland of Busan New Port (Changwon)
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Song Hyojin , Jung Jae Hyung , Jeong Suhyun
Published: June 2022

The ultimate purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of air pollution and damage to the hinterland that may be caused by the development and operation of the port, and to examine it by using especially analysis and optimization methods. The Busan New Port which is the largest trading port in Korea operating across Busan and Changwon (Gyeongnam) have been undertaken. Two field experiments on the concentration of coarse particulate matter (PM10, Hereafter PM10) and the level of influence of PM10 were investigated at two sites in the industrial and residential areas behind Busan New Port (Changwon). As the results, the concentration of PM10 was different for each site. In particularly, the actual air quality was exceeded the standard set as PM10 100㎍/㎥ for the case of the industrial area within the port area. Beside that, the observated values at the residential area did not exceed the standard, but were higher than other areas’s such as Noksan-dong and Gyeonghwa-dong. In order to effectively manage air pollution in the hinterland of ports, not only environmental and technical measures, but also cooperation with the private sector and local governments should be take into account.
A Study on the Experience and Perception of Workplace Harassment by Social Welfare Organizations Employees
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Soo Jung , Kim Eun Jeong , Lee Yong Jae
Published: June 2022

This study aims to seek ways to eradicate workplace harassment at social welfare organizations by examining the experiences and perception of workplace harassment by social welfare organization employees through in-depth interviews of 13 research participants. Results of this research showed that there were various types of workplace harassments that negatively affected the physical and mental health of employees and work efficiency. As an official authority at organizations where harassment occurred does not play a sufficient role and the administrative authorities are not trustful enough, employees chose to tolerate such practices. Interview participants said that the undemocratic operation of organizations with practices of with coworkers, and the concentration of power make it difficult for them to report harassment cases. Based on these findings, this paper suggested establishing a democratic system in operating social welfare organizations, a mechanism of relief for those in trouble, and mandatory preventive education programs and public campaign activities as alternatives to eliminate workplace harassment.
A Classification Analysis on the Safety Performance of the Korean Reservoir Embankment
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Young Kyu , Lee Sungsu
Published: June 2022

The reservoir’s safety rating means its safety level, which is evaluated by the safety inspection on its embankment and accessory structures in Korea. Although the safety rating system have been enforced from 2009, quantitative studies on the safety performance of the safety rating are still poor. 25 embankment breaches in 2020 are valuable to the quantitative studies on the safety performance of the safety rating. In the study we collect safety rating and rainfall data at 15,732 reservoirs in Korea and then estimate statistical breach probabilities of the rainfall and safety rating groups. In 2020 the embankment breaches have occurred at 12 of B-rated, 10 of C-rated, and 3 of D-rated reservoirs. Under the extreme weathers it is found that the safety performance of the relatively good rated reservoirs is definitely outstanding than the safety performance of the relatively poor rated reservoirs.
Suggestions for Roles and Qualifications of Disaster Mental Health Workforce Using a Delphi Process
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yoon Hyae-Young , You Sungeun , Park Soo Hyun , Seok Jeong-Ho , Choi Yun-Kyeung
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to derive expert consensus regarding roles and responsibilities of disaster mental health personnel using a Delphi process. The Delphi panel was composed of twenty multidisciplinary experts from the field of psychology, nursing, social welfare, and psychiatry. Based on literature review, focus group interviews, and a public forum, 20 categories and 69 subdivisions of roles and responsibilities of disaster mental health workforce were developed. The Dephi panel assessed relevance of the content and suggested qualified mental health personnel for each role and responsibility. The result indicated that expert consensus was derived for all 20 categories and 69 subdivisions, with the consensus mean of 8 or above on a scale of 1 to 10. On the other hand, there was a slight difference in expert consensus regarding qualifications of personnel to perform each role and responsibility. These results were based on the viewpoints of experts, and thus its clinical applications and practical utility in the disaster mental health field were discussed.
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Sul Jin Bae , Lee Eunmi
Published: June 2022

This study investigates changes in the public perception of cultural diversity and significant factors in this change. We analyzed the raw data collected for the 2021 Public Perception Survey on the Future of Korea, conducted by KAPA and found a change in public perceptions of the importance of cultural diversity relative to 2014. A difference was seen according to age and ideological orientation, such that cultural diversity was considered more important with increasing age and more progressive orientation. Finally, personal trust had a positive effect on the importance of cultural diversity and multicultural orientation. Further, trust in government had a positive effect on multicultural orientation, and people with higher trust in government did not think lack cultural diversity. Discussion and future research directions are presented based on the major findings of the study.
A Study on the Resolution of Inundation Accidents in Urban Areas in the Mountainous Area Using XP-SWMM Model
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Cho Sang Ki , Jun Kye Won , Lee Dong Hyeok
Published: June 2022

In this study, the XP-SWMM model was applied to Hajin-bu district in Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, which is a habitual inundation zone and mountainous area, and the inundation disasters were simulated by frequency and the cause analysis and the solution of domestic disasters were suggested. As a result of simulating inundation analysis in the Hajin district of Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, it was found that overflow occurred in the middle and down stream pipeline as well as the rainfall target for disaster prevention performance. In order to reduce the inundation disaster, the improvement plan of the rainwater pipeline and the new drainage pumping station were simulated and appropriate solutions were presented. As a result of simulations following improvement of rainwater pipeline, the inundation area was reduced by 54% and the inundation depth was reduced by 26%. However, it was found that improvement of rainwater pipeline alone had difficulty in solving the overflow in the middle and downstream. As a result of simulating the improvement of rainwater pipeline and the establishment of a drainage pumping station, it was found that the total amount of target reduction can be solved.
A Study on the Derivation Housing Consumption Indicator and Comparison with Older Generations through Analytic Hierarchy Process to Overcome the Youth Housing Crisis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Je Sun
Published: June 2022

Housing polity is being strengthened for housing stability of the middle class and low-income classes, and various alternatives are being proposed to secure an general housing safety policy. In housing policy, policy efforts to improve the housing welfare of older generation households are steadily being made. However, youth generation with serious housing problems must solve their housing problems on their own. In addition, they do not receive sufficient support from the current housing policies and remain as a housing-vulnerable class. In this study, the housing consumption indicator is derived to overcome the youth housing crisis, and the residential characteristics demanded by the youth are identified through comparison with the older generation. For this, the study derives relevant indicators that can identify the housing characteristics of youth generation, and compares the difference and importance with the older generation. While the older generation gives priority to ｢Housing Environment｣, the youth generation recognizes ｢Economic Environment｣ as a priority. It is judged that the improvement of the housing environment and specific support in economic terms is necessary for the stable housing consumption of youth generation.
Associations between Health-Promoting Behaviors and Healthcare Utilization among Korean Adults with Hypertension
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Heo Jaeheon
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to explore the associations between health-promoting behaviors and healthcare utilization among Korean adults with hypertension. A balanced panel dataset was built using the data of 2,112 adults with hypertension collected using the Korea Health Panel(version 1.6). The dataset included data regarding four health-promoting behaviors such as not smoking, not drinking heavily, doing aerobic physical activities, and living a non-sedentary lifestyle; along with annual personal health expenditures; and inpatient services related information. The marginal effects calculated from the multiple panel tobit models showed that adults with hypertension doing aerobic physical activities incurred approximately 8.3% less in annual personal health expenditures than those who did not participate in aerobic physical activities. Further, the results from the multiple panel logistic regressions showed that the probability of hospitalization decreased by approximately 28% among those doing aerobic physical activities and by approximately 16% among those engaging in three or more health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage physical activity and multiple health-promoting behaviors to manage healthcare utilization among people with hypertension.
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Mi Hye , Lee Eun Mi
Published: June 2022

As unification and North Korea-related policy change depend on the government, this study attempts to classify the period using a computational method, excluding subjective judgment. In the text mining analysis of the “Unification Education Guidelines” from 1986 to 2016, the words that appeared most frequently were “unification”, “us”, “nation”, “peace”, “cooperation”, “exchange”, “effort”, “understanding”, “residents”, “reconciliation”, and “national community.” Other words expressed the attitude required for unification with North Korea, such as “agreement”, and “one.” These words’ usage fluctuated, but they appeared consistently from 1986 to 2016. Thus, there have been subtle changes in unification education policy as evidenced by different em emphases and added parts or deleted content, but the overarching themes have remained relatively consistent over time.
The Effects of Ostracism Perceived by Emergency Preparedness Officers on Organizational Commitment: Organizational Silence as a Mediating Variable
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Kyung Hee , Cheung Chong Soo
Published: June 2022

This study is an empirical study of emergency preparedness officers and aims to clarify the effect of ostracism perceived by emergency preparedness officers who are experts in performing tasks other than the original purpose of the organization, such as disaster management, emergency preparedness, on organizational commitment through organizational silence. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted through the Google survey app using a structured questionnaire, and statistical significance was verified. The findings of the study are as follows: First, emergency preparedness officers perceived ostracism regardless of the intention and deliberate consciousness of other members as heterogeneous members in terms of humans, work, and network aspects in their respective organizations. Their organizational commitment was lower when they perceived ostracism. Second, their organizational commitment also decreased when they had organizational silence and did not mention anything about the improvements and problems of their duties and chose to keep their opinions to themselves. Third, perceived ostracism had a negative (-) relationship with organizational silence and organizational commitment. Organizational silence had partial mediating effects on the relationship between ostracism and organizational commitment.
A Study on the Management of Facilities Handling Hazardous Chemicals Using Smart Ecological Factory in Chemical Industry: Smart Management of Chemicals in the Chemical Industry
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ko Heung Seok
Published: June 2022

Since 2020, the Korea Environment Corporation has been pushing for a "smart ecological factory construction project" that supports consulting, facility installation, and improvement so that manufacturing plants, which account for the largest proportion of pollutants, can comprehensively promote greenhouse gas reduction and energy and resource efficiency. Smart ecological plants can increase carbon neutrality and energy efficiency by utilizing advanced technologies, but first of all, they must meet the current standards for treatment facilities under the Chemical Substance Management Act. The Chemical Substance Management Act should also be utilized, but the contents of facilities and systems that can prevent chemical accidents with advanced technology should be included in the law or standards. It is also necessary to closely examine whether such technology is safe. The purpose of this study is to review safe and efficient management of hazardous chemical handling facilities such as enhancing the applicability of smart facilities and smart systems and deriving stable operation plans for the chemical industry.
A Study on Bed Load Measuring Device Installation for Sediment Disaster Prediction
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Sung Uk , Jun Kye Won , Jung Min Jin , Jo Hang Il
Published: June 2022

In this study, we conducted an experiment measuring bed load disaster to prevent sediments disaster occurring in river. Then, we analyzed the accuracy and reliability of measurement data according to the installation method of the pipe hydrophone. An experiment using a single particle size for the analysis of the impact sound of bed load were conducted, and a relational expression based on integral sound pressure was used for estimating the amount of bed load. As a result of the experiment, the buried measuring device had a re-collision phenomenon due to a wake, and it was judged that it would be difficult to estimate the amount of bed load through continuous monitoring because the soil was deposited during regular measurement. The detachable measuring device was installed at the end of the river structure, so there was no re-collision of bed load due to the wake, the deposition phenomenon at the point where water falls was also reduced compared to the buried installation method, so it was confirmed that the detachable measuring device can measure qualitatively reliable data.