bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT BUSUK BATANG PADA TANAMAN BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) DI DESA SUNGAI KURUK TIGA, ACEH TAMIANG
Authors: Heviyanti Maria , Adnan  , Cahyono Vitia
Published: December 2021

Tanaman buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) mampu beradaptasi pada berbagai jenis iklim. Buah yang berasal dari Amerika ini termasuk kedalam jenis tanaman kaktus. Desa Sungaii Kuruk Tiga, Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang adalah desa yang menjadi pusat penanaman buah naga. Dalam budidaya buah naga salah satu masalah yang dihadapi petani adalah serangan pathogen penyebab penyakit. Salah satu penyakit yang menyerang tanaman buah naga merah di Desa Sungaii Kuruk Tiga adalah serangan penyakit busuk batang yang disebabkan oleh pathogen Erwinia sp. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat keparahan penyakit dan persentase serangan penyakit busuk batang  tanaman buah naga merah. Analisis tingkat keparahan penyakit dilaksanakan pada empat dusun di desa Sungai Kuruk Tiga yaitu Dusun Bakti, Dusun Tengah, Dusun  Depan dan Dusun Keluarga. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dimana lokasi ditentukan secara purposive sampling method. Hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa persentase serangan penyakit busuk batang  pada setiap dusun rata-rata mencapai 100%. Intensitas penyakit busuk batang tanaman buah naga pada empat dusun menunjukkan bahwa Intensitas serangan penyakit tertinggi terjadi di Dusun Keluarga (51%), diikuiti oleh Dusun Depan (47%),  Dusun Tengah (38%)  dan Dusun Bakti (21%). Rata-rata Intensitas serangan penyakit busuk batang lunak adalah 39,25%.  Tingginya persentase serangan dan intensitas serangan penyakit ini diantaranya dikarenakan cara budidaya yang tidak tepat, sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk, tidak adanya perawatan lahan pertanaman, curah hujan dan kelembaban yang tinggi.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao, L) PADA TANAH MARGINAL YANG DIBERIKAN MIKORIZA
Authors: Erdayana Mutia , Syukri  , Iswahyudi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao, L) pada tanah marginal yang diberikan mikoriza, serta interaksi kedua perlakuan tersebut.

Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancang Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola fakorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu: faktor jenis tanah marginal dengan notasi (T) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: T1       = Tanah top soil (kontrol), T2= Tanah bekas tambang , T3= Tanah yang ditumbuhi tanaman alang-alang, T4= Tanah bekas terbakar. Faktor dosis mikoriza dengan notasi (M) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : M0=  0 g/polybag (kontrol), M1=  5 g/polybag, M2= 10 g/polybag, M3= 15 g/polybag. Parameter yang diamati antara lain: tinggi bibit, diameter pangkal batang, jumlah daun, panjang daun, bobot brangkasan basah bibit dan bobot basah akar.Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bibit kakao akibat perlakuan jenis tanah marginal menunjukkan respon yang sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur (50 dan 65 HST), jumlah daun umur 65 HST, panjang daun umur (50 dan 65 HST), bobot brangkasan basah bibit, bobot basah akar, respon nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur (20 dan 35 HST), jumlah daun umur (35 dan 50 HST) dan panjang daun umur 35 HST. Pertumbuhan bibit kakao akibat perlakuan dosis mikoriza menunjukkan respon yang sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit umur (35, 50 dan 65 HST), jumlah daun umur (35 dan 65 HST), panjang daun umur (35, 50 dan 65 HST), bobot brangkasan basah bibit, bobot basah akar, respon nyata terhadap jumlah daun umur 50 HST. Interaksi antara jenis tanah marginal dan dosis mikoriza memberikan respon yang nyata terhadap parameter jumlah daun bibit kakao umur 35 HST. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik yaitu jenis tanah marginal tanah top soil dan dosis mikoriza 15 g/polybag (T1M3) yang dilakukan secara bersamaan.
INTENSITAS SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BUAH KAKAO (Conopomorpha cramerella Snell) DAN KEHILANGAN HASIL KAKAO (Theobroma cacao) DI KECAMATAN PEUNARON
Authors: Pratama Fajar , Mulyani Cut , Juanda Boy Riza
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas serangan hama  penggerek buah kakao dan kehilangan hasil  kakao di Kecamatan Peunaron. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, penentuan sampel dilakukan secara “Purposive”. dilaksanakan di tiga desa yaitu Desa Peunaron Lama, Peunaron Baru dan Bukit Tiga mulai dari bulan Maret 2020 sampai bulan April 2020. Pada masing-masing kriteria kebun yang diamati, persentase dan intensitas serangan hama PBK menunjukan tingkatan yang berbeda. hal ini disebabkan oleh tinggi rendahnya kelembaban kebun yang memicu tingginya aktivitas hama PBK. Rerata persentase serangan dan intensitas serangan hama PBK tertinggi yaitu pada kebun yang tidak dirawat dengan nilai masing-masing 49% dan 23,9% yang terendah yaitu pada kebun yang dirawat secara intensif dengan nilai masing-masing 16,5% dan 4,6%. Rerata intensitas serangan pada seluruh kebun yang diamati yaitu 20,9%. Sedangkan kehilangan hasil akibat meningkatnya intensitas serangan hama PBK mencapai 170,34 Kg/Ha/Tahun.
Innowacje komunikacyjne oparte na założeniach radykalnej demokracji na przykładzie platformy Indymedia po dwóch dekadach jej działania (1999–2019)
Authors: Filipiak Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza odkrytych i praktykowanych przez platformę Indymediów możliwości komunikacyjnych opartych na rozwiązaniach wprowadzonych pierwotnie przez sieć w paradygmacie Web 2.0 (m.in. formuły „otwartego publikowania” i wspólnotowego tworzenia informacji). Kontekstem dla tych rozważań będą założenia radykalnej demokracji. Hipoteza główna zakłada, że stosowanie przez aktywistów i użytkowników Indymediów strategii i praktyk radykalnej demokracji bezpośredniej było skuteczne w działaniach krótkoterminowych i taktycznych, zawiodło jednak w przypadku akcji długoterminowych i strategicznych. Metody badań: w artykule odwołano się do najnowszych, mieszanych tendencji metodologicznych pojawiających się w badaniach medioznawczych nakierowanych na analizę przekazu cyfrowego i platform internetowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem analizy zawartości stron www (tzw. desk research) i możliwości oferowanych przez geografię internetu. Wykorzystano także samodzielnie przeprowadzone pogłębione wywiady indywidualne (IDI) z aktywistami Indymediów z USA, Hiszpanii i Brazylii, a także model radykalnej demokracji zaproponowany przez brytyjskiego badacza V. Pickarda. Wyzwania dla Indymediów po dwóch dekadach ich działania oraz przyczyny ich transformacji i erozji pozwolą wypracować krytyczną perspektywę wobec koncepcji „usieciowionych ruchów społecznych” M. Castellsa. Wyniki i wnioski: praktyki radykalnej demokracji w codziennej działalności aktywistycznej i medialnej uwydatniły ograniczenia założeń tego typu demokracji w przypadku działań prowadzonych na poziomie międzynarodowym i z udziałem wielu podmiotów. Hipoteza postawiona we wstępie artykułu została zatem zweryfikowana pozytywnie. Rozwój sieci był też blokowany przez odmienne dynamiki powszechnej cyfryzacji społeczeństw, co dodatkowo znacznie ograniczało ogólnodostępne i sprawiedliwe zastosowanie praktyk radykalnej demokracji – w krajach Globalnego Południa lokalne ośrodki sieci były dostępne tylko dla wybranej grupy osób wyedukowanych cyfrowo, wyposażonych w odpowiednie zasoby. Sytuacja ta w istocie zaprzecza fundamentalnej idei radykalnej demokracji, jaką jest totalne rozszerzenie równości i wolności obywateli poprzez zwiększenie poziomu ich partycypacji. Wartość poznawcza: przedstawione w artykule analizy dostarczają wiedzy na temat pionierskiego zastosowania internetu w paradygmacie Web 2.0 przez platformę Indymedia – na długo przed pojawieniem się mediów społecznościowych – w kontekście założeń radykalnej demokracji. Pozwalają także formułować prognozy dotyczące ograniczeń dla radykalnej demokracji w bardziej złożonych środowiskach.
A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY FOR IDENTIFYING THE LEVELS OF KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION AND AWARENESS OF CHEMICAL HAZARD SYMBOLS
Authors: Tosun Cemal
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to identify the levels of knowledge, perception and awareness of chemical hazard symbols of participants from a variety of backgrounds and ranging in age from 12 years to 40 and over. Experts were consulted for the contextual and the language validity of each item on the scale. In line with the opinions of the experts, the scale, consisting of a total of 25 items distributed under four sections, was applied to 462 participants of all age groups, so as to calculate the discrimination and difficulty indexes. In order to decide whether the third section of the scale is one-dimensional or two-dimensional, data obtained from the 13 multiple-choice questions constituting this section were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Afterwards the items constituting the second and the third sections of the scale were tested in terms of their reliability. Finally, a useful scale of 24 items in four sections was prepared with tested validity and reliability.
Key words: awareness, confirmatory factor analysis, hazard symbols, perception, reliability, validity.
EXAMINING THE EXPERIENCES OF CAREER GUIDANCE, VOCATIONAL SELF-CONCEPT, AND SELF-PERCEIVED EMPLOYABILITY AMONG SCIENCE EDUCATION MAJORS IN TAIWAN
Authors: Wu Ya-Ling , Tsai Yu-Lin , Chen Cheng-Wu
Published: December 2021

This study aims to investigate the science education majors’ experiences of career guidance, vocational self-concept, and self-perceived employability, as well as the relationships among these variables in the Taiwanese context based on the developmental-contextual model of career development. Data were collected from a questionnaire survey of 614 science education majors in the selected Taiwanese universities. It was found that the science education majors’ experiences of career guidance directly and indirectly influenced their self-perceived employability vis-à-vis the effect on their vocational self-concept. The findings suggest that the science education departments of universities in Taiwan may provide sufficient and appropriate career guidance and vocational information for science education majors to promote their vocational self-concept and employability. Keywords: career guidance, science education majors, self-perceived employability, vocational self-concept.
TURKISH TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ABOUT SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY-SOCIETY-ENVIRONMENT ACQUISITIONS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COURSE CURRICULUM
Authors: Erduran Avci Dilek , Onal Nazmiye Sadiye , Usak Muhammet
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine teacher opinions about science-technology-society-environment (STSE) acquisitions in Turkish Science and Technology Course Curriculum (TSTC). For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were performed with teachers. The participants were addressed questions about their awareness of STSE acquisitions and their in-class activity about these acquisitions. Learning fields of the teachers, the contents of these fields and the opinions of the teachers about STSE pointed out that their awareness level about STSE acquisitions was low. On the other hand, most of the teachers stated that there was enough and comprehensible information about STSE acquisitions in TSTC. The results of this study revealed that most of the teachers were not able to realize these acquisitions in the courses because of a lack of time or equipment and overcrowded classes. Key words: science and technology course curriculum, science-technology-society-environment acquisitions, teacher opinions.
EFFECTS OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PROBES INTEGRATED IN EXTRA-CURRICULAR HANDS-ON SCIENCE: MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Bulunuz Nermin , Bulunuz Mızrap , Peker Hanife
Published: December 2021

This study had three main purposes, to (a) determine students’ understanding of basic physics concepts, (b) analyze the science concepts and their connection to real-life context in science curricula and teaching materials, (c) evaluate effect of formative assessment probes on students’ understanding of selected key concepts. Subjects were 197, 8th grade students who had studied five basic physics concepts. To evaluate students’ understanding, a questionnaire consisting of formative assessment probes was administered with 4 multiple choice and 4 open-ended questions. Findings indicated that students had poor conceptual understanding of the concepts. Science curriculum, analyzed in terms of application to real-world contexts, indicated that textbooks included few practical explanations. In an intervention, one public school received formative assessment probes integrated with extra-curricular hands-on science instruction. Pre-post data showed significant increases in students’ understanding of basic physics concepts. Finding that these students significantly out-performed other groups implies: (a) the need to include students’ prior learning in instruction and (b) the need for more learning time to apply understanding of concepts to real-world contexts.
Key words: formative assessment, real-world context, hands-on science instruction, science concepts.
Analysis of blasted rocks fragmentation using digital image processing (Case study: Limestone quarry of Obajana Cement Company)
Authors: Idowu Kayode.A , Olaleye Boluwaji.M , Saliu Muyideen.A
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Blasting is an important aspect of mining activities in which fragmentation is the key component that determines its efficiency. Fragmentation is the first result of blasting, and is directly related to the costs of mining. Methods. There are two basic methods for determining the degree of rock fragmentation, the direct and indirect methods. The direct method includes sieve analysis while the indirect method involves observational, empirical and digital image processing methods. The digital image processing method with the aid of Split Desktop software was used in this study, to analyze the size of fragmentation in Obajana limestone quarry. Two pits of similar line of operation were considered. Findings. In each of the pits considered, five muckpiles of blasted rocks after blasting with different blasting patterns were analyzed to study the fragmentation phenomenon. The F80 and F90 values from the Split Desktop image analysis for the 5×3 m and 4×3 m in Pit 1 and Pit 2 were approximately 87.96 and 96.20 cm; and 91.34 and 98.66 cm respectively. Also, the F80 and F90 values obtained from the Kuz-Ram model for the 5×3 m and 4×3 m of Pit 1and Pit 2 were 99.9967 and 99.9994 cm; and 99.9957 and 99.9993 cm respectively. The results of the Split Desktop were compared to the results of the Kuz-Ram experiential model. The values of F80 and F90 of the blasted rocks are very close to the crusher gape value of 1 m, which reduces the production costs, and that is an outcome practically realized for the two pits of Obajana quarry. Originality. The findings showed that the output obtained from the Split Desktop software which is a digital image processing method were in conformity with the Kuz-Ram experiential model which is based on empirical relationship. Practical implications. In conclusion, the results of the investigation have significant implications for the practical application. It gives more options to explore for rock blast fragmentation efficiency of the desired area.
Optimization study of blasting operations in Roşia Poieni open pit mine, Romania
Authors: Toderas Mihaela
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Drilling-blasting technology is one of the simplest and most often used techniques in open pit mining. This allows the excavation of a large volume of rock and useful mineral substance. The operation of blasting using the energy of explosives plays an important role in open pit exploitation, being also the key element of the blasting process through which a corresponding granulometry is obtained. This operation is a part of a series of interdependent operations, in the sense that each operation determines a certain result that will be an important element for the next operation that takes place in the working face. Consequently, the blasting operation with explosives should not be considered as an independent act. A global approach to the entire production technological process including blasting is required. Methods. In the optimization study, the basic method consisted in the analysis of the blasting operations performed at the drilling diameter of 250 mm (blasting technology used in Roşia Poieni open pit mining) and simulation of the excavation of the same rock volume, with the optimization of the explosive charge distribution at two other drilling diameters: 200 and 150 mm. Findings. The main problems when shooting 250 mm dia holes are caused by the length of the tamping in the mineralized rock that leads to the appearance of blocks with dimensions which are maximum allowed in the crusher tank (1.2-1.3 m). That is why discontinuous loads with intermediate tamping are used – the method that successfully limits their number. In order to obtain a granulometry corresponding to the primary crushing operation, which will allow to decrease the crushing costs, it is necessary to use smaller drilling diameters, but with productivity high enough to ensure the optimal development of the extraction process. Originality. Based on the performed study, it is recommended to use the discontinuous load, preserving the total length of the explosive charge. In the zones where the rocks have a Protodiakonov coefficient f > 6.5, it is recommended to apply an appropriate drilling diameter (150-200 mm) and use the intermediate tamping at 2-3 m length to limit the upper stemming area to a maximum of 7 m (to limit or eliminate the occurrence of oversized blocks). Practical implications. The research results will enhance the geometric and safety factors of the operation, limiting the explosion effect on the massif and the environment and reducing the total costs of the cutting operation. The cost of explosives and initiating materials can be reduced by using a smaller quantity of explosive gels in a dry environment (12-18 kg/hole), the difference in the explosive charge length being completed with AM 1.
Identifying the efficiency decrease factor of motors working under power harmornic in 660V electric mining grids
Authors: Thanh Le Xuan , Bun Ho Viet
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Identify the motors efficiency decrease factor corresponding to various values of load-carrying ratio. Methods. Basing on the onsite measurements of power harmonic in 660V low voltage (LV) grids in Vietnam underground mines, simulations have been done on MATLAB and compared with mathematical models. Verifying data will be implemented in Lab-measurements carried out on pumping system to reveal series of decreasing factors. Findings. Series factors present the relation of the level of power total harmonic distortion (THD) and the decrease in motor efficiency with alternative load-carrying ratio. The factors will help mine operators to have better understanding of the power harmonics impact on 660V motors. Originality. The proposed factors and simulation in MATLAB may be applied to all underground mining grids with diffe-rent input parameters of THD. Practical implications. The research is implemented to identify the factors obtained from the operation of motors which work in high power harmonic environment. The resulting factors could be utilized to recalculate mining efficiency.
Seasonal Variations of Aneurismal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Dey Subash Kanti , Husain Shakir , Bakshi Lipy , Dey Sukla , Bakshi Mithun Kumar , Ahsan Habib , Md Shahidullah - , Barman Kanoj Kumar , Rahman Kazi Mohibur , Khan Sharifuddin , Saha Uttam Kumar
Published: December 2021

Background: Rupture of aneurysm is a vascular events, it is assumed that season exerts an influence in the incidence of rupture of aneurysm. But seasonal variation on the aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH) is a subject of controversy. Some previous studies reported that changes in the biometric pressure in different season modulate the occurrence of vascular events.

Aims: To evaluate the role of seasons of a year on the onset of aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH).

Methodology: This is a retrospective study. There were 377 patients with definite diagnosis of ASAH. Patients were evaluated in two age groups of >60 and less than 60.

Results: The frequency of ASAH in winter and autumn was 55.4% and spring and summer was 44.6%% respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p>o.o5). The effect of hypertension and diabetes mellitus revealed no influence on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in our study.

Conclusion: There was influence of seasonal variation on the onset of ASAH and which was predominantly during winter and autumn.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (1) : 15-17
Association of Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) in Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Shahi Mohammad Selim , Rahman Aminur , Wadud Md Shaheen , Ahmed Ak Takib Uddin , Saha Uttam Kumar , Ali Zahed , Kundu Narayan Chandra , Hossain Sakhawat , Quraishi Firoz Ahmed , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: December 2021

Background: Several epidemiological studies have identified the association of abnormal ABPI with ischemic stroke. So the goal of this study was to determine the actual relationship of ABPI with ischemic stroke in the context of our country.

Materials and Methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. ABPI was measured by Doppler ultrasound machine of 100 patients who were admitted to the Mitford Hospital during the study period. Among them 50 patients with Ischemic stroke, confirmed by CT/MRI scan of brain were considered as ‘case’ and 50 age- sex matched individuals with one or more vascular risk factors (VRF) but without stroke were considered as ‘control’. Then the results of ABPI were compared between the two groups.

Results: Among the 50 patients with ischemic stroke (case group) , 74% had normal ABPI and 26% had ABPI< 0.9; on the other hand among 50 age and sex matched individuals (control group) 90% had normal ABPI and 10% had ABPI <0.9. The difference was statistically significant between two groups (p=<0.05).This association remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders (age, gender, high BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, ischemic heart disease and family history) in a multiple logistic regression model.

Conclusion: The incidence of low ABPI is significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than the age- sex matched control.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (1) : 31-42
A Review on Post Stroke Shoulder Pain Management
Authors: Rahman Md Shahidur
Published: December 2021

Shoulder pain is critically important obstacle to functional recovery in most of the stroke sufferers. Hemiplegic shoulder pain causes considerable distress and reduced activity and can markedly hinder rehabilitation. The etiology of hemiplegic shoulder pain is probably multifactorial. The ideal management of hemiplegic stroke pain is prevention. For prophylaxis to be effective, it must begin immediately after the stroke. Awareness of potential injuries to the shoulder joint reduces the frequency of shoulder pain after stroke. The multidisciplinary team, patients, and care givers should be provided with instructions on how to avoid injuries to the affected limb. Shoulder strapping may be used to prevent shoulder pain. Over arm slings should be avoided. Treatment should include analgesics heat or cold therapy, electrical stimulation and pain free exercise as well. This review was done to find the recent developments in post-stroke shoulder pain management by extracting the published articles in this topic. The ultimate objectives were to delineate most rational and effective treatment options for post-stroke shoulder pain.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (1) : 54-59
Association of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection with Guillain- Barré Syndrome (GBS) In Tertiary Care Hospital (BSMMU) of Bangladesh
Authors: Eusuf Nuruddin Mohammad , Khan Md Rezaul Karim , Rizvi Abu Nasir , Kader Sheikh Abdul , Md Salahuddin Abu Jafor , Zahid Rashed Imam , Patwary Khairul Kabir , Hasan Mohammad Sayeed , Md Kabiruzzaman - , Alim Md Abdul , Nahar Samsun , Rana Masud
Published: December 2021

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) usually preceded by infections, in particular cytomegalovirus (CMV). It may occur by primary infection, reinfection or by reactivation of CMV. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Methodology: This case control study was carried out in the indoor and outpatient Department of Neurology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2011 for the duration of two years. All patients with GBS, who attended in neurology OPD or inpatient department at BSMMU during the study period, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterias were included in this study. Age & sex matched volunteers, patients attendants, patients other than GBS who were nondiabetic, had no renal or hepatic diseases or family history of polyneuropathy were included in control group.

Results: A total number of 78 respondents of which 39 patients were taken as cases and rest 39 were taken as controls who appeared in neurology OPD or inpatient department at BSMMU during the study period, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterias were included in this study. The mean age ± SD of case and control groups were 30.82 ± 12.56 and 31.00 ± 12.77 years respectively (p=0.950). In case group the history of respiratory tract infection was present in 46.2% cases and absent in control group (p=0.001). In case group the history of gastroenteritis was present in 28.2% cases and absent in control group (p=0.001). In case group the history of fever was present in 30.8% cases and absent in control group (p=0.001). Anti-CMV IgM antibody was positive in 5.1% cases. Four fold rise of IgG in case group was present in 10.3% cases and absent in control group (p=0.040). Confirmed CMV infected GBS cases were 15.4% and absent in control group (p=0.011).

Conclusion: The findings of this study permit to conclude that there is a significant association of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (2) : 88-97
Microbiological surveillance of air and contact surface of pubic transports with its correlation to human infection risks
Authors: Uj Jaman Arowan Shah Murshid , Das Kamal Kanta , Feroz Farahnaaz
Published: December 2021

Over past few years, people are giving more attention to air pollution and its effects on human health. Due to the high population density in Bangladesh, air pollution is a major issue in metropolitan areas, especially in Dhaka city. Present study aims to isolate air-borne microbes from the inside environment of public transport and different types of microbes that are frequently encountered by commuters when they touch the interior surfaces of vehicles used for public transport in Dhaka City. Atmospheric load of microorganisms was measured with petri dish which was kept open for 30 minutes in the sampling locations and swabs were taken from interior surfaces of vehicles. Air samples collected from both bus and railway stations showed a high atmospheric microbial count (total viable bacteria and total fungal count were 140 to 776 CFU/plate/30 min and 27 to 168 CFU/plate/30 min, respectively). A similar outcome was found after analysis of swab samples of the contact surfaces of the vehicles as well. A total of four bacterial pathogens were identified from the interior surfaces of the vehicle including Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Vibrio spp. which are known to be associated with gastrointestinal tract infection. To manage and control the environmental health risks caused by air pathogens, an authorized governmental agency should do continuous monitoring of air quality to reduce the negative effects and impacts of air pathogens on human and animal health. This research has shown a great concern to health practitioners in developing countries because these are pathogens that are mostly resistant to the commonly available antibiotics used in the treatment of infection associated with these pathogens. Most importantly, we need to raise awareness among the public in order to reduce the load and spread of pathogenic bacteria in the environment.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.11 (1) 2021: 7-10
Antibiotic resistance profiling of clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi A in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Mobarok , Jabin Tasnim , Hossain Md Ifrat , Khatun Mst Arzina , Emam Md Hossain , Asaduzzaman Muhammad , Uddin Md Aftab
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted to detect the antibiotic resistance profile of the clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi A from 100 blood samples of patients from different age groups suspected to be suffering from enteric fever. The pure cultures of the bacterial isolates were collected from some renowned diagnostic centers of Dhaka and they were further characterized through the conventional culture, microscopy and biochemical examinations. These isolates were cross checked for the antibiogram profile by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against ten different types of antibiotics. Most of the isolates were found resistant against azithromycin (100%), nalidixic acid (100%) and ceftazidime (75%). However, isolates showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (95%), levofloxacin (97%), cotrimoxazole (96%) and chloramphenicol (95%). These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring of the drug resistance pattern of S. enterica Serovar Paratyphi A for better public health management.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.11 (1) 2021: 14-16
The Accuracy of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Diagnosing Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analyses
Authors: Hafizar Hafizar , MYH Etriyel
Published: December 2021

Background: Multiple advancements of endoscopic technology were designed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic tools of bladder cancer; thus, we perform a meta-analysis to compare diagnostic performance between confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and biopsy for detecting bladder cancer.Methods: We compared CLE’s accuracy in diagnosing bladder cancer reported by studies obtained from the electronic database MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL, from May to June 2020. The pooled effect estimate was calculated employing the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. We only included moderate to high-quality studies, which had been assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool.Results: Eight studies were included in this review; five of those were good-quality studies. A total of 519 samples from 345 patients were included in the pooled effect estimate calculation. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of CLE in diagnosing bladder cancer were 90.2% (0.86, 0.93) and 78.1% (0.71, 0.85), respectively. The use of white-light cystoscopy (WLC) before CLE increased its specificity (56.8% versus 84.6%). Pooled sensitivity and specificity of CLE in predicting lowgrade lesion were 73% (0.66, 0.80) dan 83% (0.78, 0.87), respectively. Meanwhile, pooled sensitivity and specificity of CLE in predicting high-grade lesion were 73% (0.66, 0.78) and 79% (0.73, 0.83), respectively.Conclusions: CLE has good accuracy in distinguishing malignant and benign tumors. Grading tumors with this modality is also accurate. The use of probe CLE (pCLE), coupled with WLC, will increase its specificity.
Early Experience of Oncological Reconstructive Surgery at Dharmais National Cancer Center
Authors: Sofyan Rian Fabian , Brahma Bayu , Iskandar Iskandar , Naura Putri
Published: December 2021

Background: Oncological reconstructive surgery is a new paradigm in which it combines oncologic principles with reconstruction techniques. This study aims to present patients’ characteristics who had undergone oncological reconstructive surgery at the Department of Surgical Oncology, Dharmais National Cancer Center. Methods: This descriptive study identified patients’ characteristics who underwent oncological reconstructive surgery, their cancer types, and their therapies. All data were obtained from surgery registration and medical records from January 2019 to January 2020. Data were then presented in number and percentage.Results: A total of 174 patients had undergone oncological reconstructive surgery within one year. The mean age of all patients was 48.2 ± 16.7 years old. Most patients were female (72.1%), with breast cancer making up most cases (43.7%). Most of the participants also underwent mastectomy (42.1%), which was later followed by various reconstruction types. Sixty patients received free tissue transfer with microsurgery (34.4%), of which head and neck cancer constituted most cases. In addition, the most common donor site for the free flap was the Anterolateral Thigh (41.7%). Of all 174 patients, 75.2% presented with locally advanced cancer, and 17.8% had metastatic cancer. Within one year of follow-up, the survival rate was 87.4%, while local recurrence was 3%. Conclusions: The oncological reconstructive surgery approach plays a therapeutic and reconstructive role, and such might be the preferred method of choice for patients presenting with advanced-stage cancer
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN DEĞERLER EĞİTİMİYLE İLGİLİ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: KULOĞLU Ayşenur , YAŞAR Zeynep , ÖZER Merve
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin okul öncesi eğitiminde değerler eğitimi ile ilgili görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Elazığ ilinde, 2018-2019 öğrenim yılında, resmi okullarda görev yapan 48 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler, içerik analiz kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda öğretmenlerin okul öncesi dönemde değerler eğitimine çok önem verdiklerini ve bu eğitimin bireye ve topluma katkı sağlayacağını belirtmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte öğretmenler sevgi, sorumluluk gibi değerleri kazandırmakta zorlanmadıkları ancak sabır, saygı gibi değerleri kazandırmakta zorlandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Aynı zamanda değerler eğitimi sürecinin daha iyi olabilmesi adına drama, hikaye gibi çeşitli etkinlikler yaptıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Değerler eğitiminin daha etkili olması için aile katılım çalışmalarına daha çok yer verilmesi gerektiğini ve ailelere değerler eğitimi ile ilgili seminer verilmesinin yararlı olacağını ileri sürmüşlerdir
O profissional educador social no cotidiano de adolescentes de unidade de acolhimento institucional: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Penna Lucia Helena Garcia , Guedes Claudia Rosane , Ribeiro Rosemary , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo , Ribeiro Liana Viana , Carinhanha Joana Iabrudi , Silva Michele Marim da , Pereira Vanessa dos Santos , Vasconcelos Susane , Teixeira Selma Villas Boas
Published: December 2021

Objetivou analisar o papel do educador social junto aos adolescentes nas unidades de acolhimento institucional.  Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva do tipo integrativa, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, com publicações da última década, associando as palavras chaves e os descritores em saúde: abrigo; educador social; educadores e unidade de acolhimento. Os resultados apontaram a relevância do papel do educador social na atualidade. O perfil dos educadores é majoritariamente feminino; em geral encontram-se na faixa etária de 20 a 66 anos, e com ensino médio. Exercem educação não formal que propõe o desenvolvimento do ser social, desenvolvida em grupos em situação de risco social no contexto das unidades de acolhimento, nem sempre obtendo capacitação específica para atuação. Estabelecem o cuidado, a partir de sua própria experiência pessoal. Considera-se que esta profissão favoreça a emancipação e transformação dos sujeitos que se encontram em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social, sendo figura referência nas unidades de acolhimento institucional de adolescentes. Sua atuação tem sido essencial na educação não formal dos acolhidos, compartilhando saberes em forma de diálogo.
Visitas virtuais aos pacientes com Covid-19 internados em UTI: relato de experiência de uma assistente social
Authors: Villaca Deisy Mery Randon , Gund Daniela Prochnow , Baltazar Mariângela Monteiro de Melo
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de uma assistente social residente que fez parte da equipe multiprofissional de comunicação responsável por realizar visitas virtuais aos pacientes da UTI Covid-19 em um hospital universitário do oeste do Paraná. Pauta-se metodologicamente em um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, que ocorreu entre os meses de junho de 2020 e setembro de 2021. Dessa forma, o texto discorre sobre as situações vividas pela equipe multiprofissional de comunicação, os procedimentos de segurança, a visitação virtual, os pacientes, as famílias, os desafios enfrentados e a perspectiva do Serviço Social sob a conjuntura apresentada. Conclui-se que, apesar das implicações estruturais, logísticas e sanitárias, a implementação das telechamadas foi um grande sucesso ao beneficiar a todos os seus envolvidos e servir de ferramenta para a execução tanto das diretrizes do Plano Nacional de Humanização (PNH) quanto da garantia dos direitos do usuário.
Prospecção tecnológica da importância econômica e industrial do coco e da chia no Brasil
Authors: Silva Flávia Luiza Araújo Tavares da , Meneses Thiago  Silva Conceição , Fanchiotti Flávia Escapini , Uchôa Fábio Oliveira , Silva Andréa Gomes da , Borges Angela da Silva , Santo João Antônio Belmino dos , Constant Patrícia Beltrão Lessa
Published: December 2021

Apesar de apresentar uma queda na produção, o Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de coco do mundo, no entanto as sementes de chia ainda são pouco produzidas. A presente pesquisa buscou investigar o mercado desses alimentos por meio de mapeamento em websites e no INPI. Foram totalizadas 19 indústrias de coco, sendo o Nordeste o seu epicentro, e 12 de chia, lideradas pelo Sudeste. Foram encontrados 18 produtos com coco e 9 com chia. O valor do apresentou-se mais elevado em regiões que sua produção é insignificante. O cultivo recente da chia impossibilitou ainvestigação de mercado até o presente momento. Há 359 depósitos de patentes com o descritor geral "coco”, enquanto “chia” apresentou apenas 10. A busca por patentes que relacionasse os dois alimentos não obteve resultados. O estudo mostra a viabilidade de desenvolvimento de produtos que englobe as matérias-primas analisadas, como também o registro de patentes.
Evaluation of hemostasis parameters after mitral valve replacement surgery with mechanical prostheses in patients with different treatment adherence
Authors: Markova M. M. , Polunina O. S. , Tarasov D. G. , Kiseleva M. A. , Polunina E. A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study. To analyze the indicators of hemostasis with adherence to treatment in patients operated on for mitral valve prosthetics with mechanical bicuspid prostheses in dynamics after 6, 12 and 60 months.

Materials and methods. The study included 260 patients who underwent surgery for prosthetics with mechanical prostheses. Patients’ adherence to treatment was assessed using the Morisky – Green test. The following hemostasis parameters were analyzed: international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, fibrinogen and soluble fibrin-monomer complexes.

Results of the study and conclusion. At all stages of the postoperative period, the hemostasis indicators of compliant patients corresponded to the reference values for people receiving anticoagulants, in non-compliant patients, these indicators did not reach the recommended values for patients on anticoagulant therapy. The presence of correlations between compliance and hemostasis indicators is evidenced by the results of correlation analysis. In most cases, the maximum strength of the relationship between compliance and hemostasis indicators was observed after 12 months of follow-up. A noticeable strength of interrelations was traced between compliance and levels of APTT, INR and fibrinogen.
Pathophysiological aspects of development myocardial infarction type 2 in subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Ivannikov A. A. , Kanibolotsky A. A. , Alidzhanova Kh. G. , Bratischev I. V.
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of the following article is to highlight one of the most pressing and poorly studied issues both for cardiology and endocrinology – treatment and prognosis for patients with severe coronary pathology and subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) development with SH as a background and hormone replacement therapy issues are considered. SH is a modifiable risk factor (RF) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality that does not depend on traditional cardiovascular RF. SH is associated with high risk of developing coronary artery disease, MI, heart failure, and CVD mortality. SH incidence of morbidity increases with age, usually the course is oligo- or asymptomatic. SH leads to a number of pathological conditions that cause an imbalance between the myocardial oxygen demand and delivery with a possible development of type 2 MI. Clinical case of type 2 MI development in a patient with severe coronary atherosclerosis and SH is presented. The key point of type 2 MI development mechanism is insufficient oxygen (O2) supply to cardiomyocytes due to multivessel coronary artery atherosclerotic stenosis and sharp increase in O2 demand as a result of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Older patients with severe cardiac pathology and SH should refrain from treatment with levothyroxine or start treatment after myocardial revascularization, selecting the dose of the drug individually.
Role of point-of-care lung ultrasound in different respiratory disorders
Authors: Safarova A. F.
Published: December 2021

Point-of-care lung ultrasound either standalone or in a combination with other ultrasound techniques is a useful diagnostic method for patients with different respiratory disorders. Nowadays lung ultrasound helps to identify emergency conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumothorax, cardiac arrest, acute respiratory failure, pneumonia. Moreover, a semi-quantitative evaluation of pulmonary congestion can be performed to determine the severity of interstitial syndrome and COVID‑19 associated pneumonia. In this review the basic semiotics of ultrasound are described, as well as the role of point-of-care lung ultrasound in various respiratory disorders.
An Optimal Control Experiment for an SEIRS Epidemiological Model
Authors: Snyder Tanner , Nierman Ryan
Published: December 2021

This work studies an optimal control model for a discrete-time Susceptible/Exposed/Infective/Removed/Susceptible (SEIRS) deterministic epidemiological model with a finite time horizon and changing population. The model presented converts a continuous SEIRS model that would typically be solved using differential equations into a discrete model that can be solved using dynamic programming. The discrete approach more closely resembles real life situations, as the number of individuals in a population, the rate of vaccination to be applied, and the time steps are all discrete values. The model utilizes a previously developed algorithm and applies it to the presented SEIRS model. To demonstrate the applicability of the algorithm, a series of numerical results are presented for various parameter values.
KEYWORDS: Control; Cost; Discrete; Disease; Epidemiology; Minimization; Modeling; Optimality; SEIRS; Vaccination
Species Diversity of Non-Volant Small Mammals Between Lowland and Highland of Gunung Serapi, Kubah National Park, Sarawak
Authors: Tingga Roberta Chaya Tawie , Adrus Madinah , Azman Haziq Izzuddin Muhamad
Published: December 2021

The study of non-volant small mammals was conducted at Kubah National Park (KNP), Sarawak for eight days between November 2018 until February 2019. The objective of this study was to determine the species diversity of non-volant small mammals at the highland (>750 – 805 m a.s.l.) and lowland (<200 m a.s.l.) at KNP. The elevation of Gunung Serapi is 911 m a.s.l. but the highest accessible area is at 805 m a.s.l.  The distance between two sampling sites is approximately 4.5 km. Humidity and temperature measurement were also recorded at both sites. A total of 50 cage traps were set up at the highland and 50 cage traps at the lowland. The baits that were used in this study were oil palm and banana. A total of 26 individuals from 11 species, eight genera and four families were captured. However, there is no significant difference in species diversity between low and high elevations because the elevation of KNP was not high enough to distinguish species that are highland or lowland specialist.
Fecundity and Gonadosomatic Index of Sucker Throat Catfish, Pseudecheneis sulcata (McClelland, 1842) from the Snow-fed Tamor River in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Limbu Jash Hang , Rajbanshi Dipak , Kumar Prakash , Subba Bharat Raj
Published: December 2021

In comparison to other nations, the Nepalese information on the reproductive biology of hill-stream fish is limited. So, the purpose of the present study was to provide information related to reproductive biology of a hill-stream sucker throat catfish Pseudecheneis sulcata from the snow-fed Tamor River, Nepal. The study was carried out from June 2018 to May 2019.  A total of 57 female fish was collected. The fecundity of 22 females was assessed, while the gonadosomatic index was determined using all the collected samples. The absolute fecundity ranged from 2,316 to 7,597 eggs, with an average of 3,660 ± 210. This range of absolute fecundity indicates that Pseudecheneis sulcata is a moderately fecund fish when compared to certain low fecund species and some exceptionally fecund fish with tens of thousands of eggs. Relative fecundity ranged from 65.47 to 129.11 with a mean of 88.98 ± 4.35. The present study demonstrated that absolute fecundity was moderately correlated with total length (r = 0.45) and strongly linked with body weight (r = 0.78), and ovary weight (r = 0.80). Mean gonadosomatic index (GSI) was recorded the highest in January (15.7 ± 1.22%), and showed a decrease in the subsequent month of February (10.3 ± 0.75%), March (6.25 ± 0.28%) and April (1.66 ± 0.40%). The trends of GSI might have indicated that the sucker throat catfish was a batch spawner, with spawning season occuring between January and March.