bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Value of Sports Footwear Brands using Natural Language Processing Methods
Authors: Vuković Dijana , Slamić Tarade Sara
Published: September 2024

Determining the value of brands and comparing them by ana­lyzing key elements such as identity, image and value is important for mar­keting measures and the branding of products or services. This paper pre­sents research findings based on innovative methods for determining the significance and value of sports footwear brands. Natural Language Pro­cessing (NLP) techniques are used to analyze extensive text content collect­ed from sports footwear-related websites. To determine the most relevant sports footwear brands, NLP techniques are used for topic modeling based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method. LDA is an unsupervised method used to determine the topics addressed in the analyzed texts by ex­tracting the most significant words in these topics. The importance of these identified brands in the text corpus is determined using the Semantic Brand Scores method, which uses graph theory to determine the importance of the brand in the text corpus based on three dimensions: prevalence, diversity and connectivity.
Evaluating the Action Design Research Methodology for Requirement Analysis, Modeling, and Engineering in Information System Design
Authors: Tavanxhiu Tea , Sevrani Kozeta
Published: September 2024

Action Design Research (ADR) as a sub-discipline of Design Sci­ence Research (DSR) is a mature research methodology used for the crea­tion and formulation of artifacts that can contribute to information systems knowledge creation as well as in artifacts, design principles and theories val­uable to practitioners. The core phases of the ADR consist in the iteration of the building-intervention-evaluation process and attempts to associate this process to value creation in industries have been made in different domains as the suggested literature advises. Yet these attempts have either a focus on understanding the potentialities of ADR rather than addressing possible im­plementation in a de-contextualized area of research or industry. Requirement analysis, modeling, and engineering are commonly associat­ed with the discipline of software engineering. However, according to the lit­erature analyzed in this paper, the involvement of stakeholders and domain experts in this process has a significant impact. As an important phase of the system design process, it is essential to ensure that continuous, accurate, and unambiguously interpretative parameters, evaluations, and feedback from key stakeholders are appropriately integrated throughout the entire process of requirement analysis, modeling, and engineering. In this paper, the authors evaluate whether the processes of requirement analysis, modeling, and engineering could benefit from the implementation of the ADR (Action Design Research) methodology. This research work ex­plores the extent of these potential benefits and identifies the possible chal­lenges that need to be considered in attempting to implement this method­ology in the requirement phase of the system design. The paper is organized as follows: it begins with an introduction of the re­search question and the challenges faced by the information system design team during the requirement analysis, modeling, and engineering phases. This is followed by a thorough literature review on Action Design Research (ADR), focusing on system design phases related to requirements and prior attempts to implement ADR in specific phases of information system design or related disciplines. Proceeding further with an evaluation of the impact that implementing the Action Design Research (ADR) methodology might have during the requirements phase of software engineering, along with conclusions and future work related to this research.
Convergence of Competitiveness and Economic Efficiency Amongst Western Balkan Countries
Authors: Gjaci Blerina , Tushaj Arjan , Pere Engjëll , Hashorva Albana
Published: September 2024

This paper investigated the economic cooperation amongst the Western Balkan countries referring to competitiveness and economic effi­ciency. Through this analysis, it would be able to respond if the competitive­ness and economic efficiency amongst Western Balkan countries will support the convergence to the Common Regional Market. Western Balkan countries should encourage innovation and knowledge transfer to contribute to eco­nomic growth and promote the facilitation of the creation of an intra-region­al single market in the medium term. A unified regional cooperation mecha­nism would likely be more efficient according to Western Balkan countries to converge towards the expected results – in order to accelerate them related to the European Union integration process. The results of this paper will demon­strate the evaluation of the Western Balkans initiative and the expectations for the future through static and dynamic analysis amongst countries using diverse indicators of competitiveness and economic efficiency.
Banking at a Turning Point
Authors: Mladenović Vladimir , Krulj-Mladenović Milica , Obradović Danilo , Radovanović Dobrica
Published: September 2024

This paper will show modern banking products which, by all pa­rameters, will eventually lead to the total transformation of banking op­erations into electronic form, whether desired or not – it’s only a matter of time. A SWOT analysis will show the current state of the banking market and where it is heading. The expansion of modern products in banking has already begun, and no one can predict the extent to which it will contin­ue. We can only wait and see how much traditional banking will manage to cope with the pressures brought by the introduction of innovations into their communication system.
Sustainability Pillars and ISO Standards: The Case of Serbia
Authors: Ivanišević Andrea , Pavlović Aleksandra , Ćirić Lalić Danijela , Milošević Žikica , Petrović Maja
Published: September 2024

Economic, environmental and social pillars of sustainable devel­opment are directly related to ISO standards. Organizations are aware that international standards provide effective tools that will help them cope with the challenges of the modern business world. In Serbia, the pillars of sus­tainable development are connected to ISO standards in the following way – the economic pillar is directly connected to standardization by ISO 9001 and ISO 31000, the ecological pillar with ISO 14001, and the social pillar with ISO 45001 and ISO 26000. This paper aims to indicate the state of standardiza­tion in the areas of sustainable development in Serbia, placing special em­phasis on ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards. The final result of this manu­script would be that all interested parties (individuals, state and private in­stitutions, government, etc. ) have to work together to realize the goals of sustainable development, using the ISO standards tools.
The Students’ Perception of Their Soft Skills in Serbia
Authors: Slavić Agneš , Strugar Jelača Maja , Berber Nemanja
Published: September 2024

Today, in the dynamic business context, graduates have to be ready to deal with various business problems where different alternative solutions can be brought, but only one is optimal. It requires a set of competencies and soft skills such as critical and strategic thinking, problem-solving, communi­cation and flexibility. The described situation mostly gives priority to various soft skills in relation to hard skills, i.e. professional knowledge acquired during the studies. The purpose of this research is to shed light on how soft skills are taught at the moment and how they should be taught in the future to prepare new employees to easily get their first job and reduce the rate of youth unem­ployment. This research aims to analyze how curricula at business universities prepare their students for the new demands of the labor market. For this aim, survey-based empirical research was realized on the student’s perception of the importance of soft skills in the sample of 245 students of the Faculty of Eco­nomics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, Serbia. Using Spearman’s correla­tion, it was determined that there is a statistically significant negative relation­ship between the student’s work experience during their studies and their per­ception of the studies preparing them for the new demands on the labor mar­ket. Therefore, students without work experience believe that their previous education has prepared them for the new demands of the employers, while students with work experience conclude that the competences acquired so far have not sufficiently prepared them for the new demands of the labor mar­ket. Today, it is more than necessary for students to acquire adequate skills be­yond academic or professional knowledge. It is recommended to incorporate soft skills training into the hard skills courses in order.
Unlocking Synergy: Are CESEE Countries Effectively Integrated into Global Value Chains?
Authors: Tonovska Jasna
Published: September 2024

In an era of globalized economies, the integration into Global Val­ue Chains (GVC) becomes very significant, as it not only shapes the trajectory of trade and economic development but also influences productivity growth, income convergence, and the overall competitiveness in the international markets. This paper examines the GVC dynamics in Central and South-East­ern Europe (CESEE) and the Baltic States. Findings reveal moderate GVC inte­gration in the region, with a gradual decline in its share in gross exports. Sec­toral and geographical structures vary among subgroups, emphasizing dif­ferences between CEE, Baltic, and SEE countries. Focusing on Macedonian trade, the study highlights increased integration and a shift towards higher forward linkages. Policy recommendations address shared obstacles, urging enhancement of non-price competitiveness and sector-specific strategies to boost innovation and collaboration. The proposed roadmap aims to guide CESEE policymakers in fostering GVC integration across diverse sectors.
Gastronomy at the Crossroads Towards Climate Neutrality: From Counting Calories to Monitoring CO2 Emissions
Authors: Tolić Mandić Iva , Tišma Sanja , Biondić Ivana
Published: September 2024

One of the biggest threats to today’s society is climate change – the result of an increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas­es (GHG), produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, transport and industrial processes. One of the larg­est GHG emissions sources is agriculture, but also a whole food system. This paper aims to analyse people’s awareness of the food system’s impact on climate change and if they are familiar with mentioned mitigation oppor­tunities. The research on people’s awareness of the impact of the food sys­tem on climate change was conducted among three groups of respondents – chefs, teachers and lecturers and students. The research showed that al­though people are aware that climate change is a serious problem, they are unaware of how it occurs and that the food that is produced, stored, trans­ported, prepared and finally consumed affects climate change.
Possible Directions for Innovations in Tourism
Authors: Ilieva Lyubka
Published: September 2024

In the tourism sector, the transfer of innovations from other sec­tors is usually observed, as innovative solutions are modified for the purpos­es of tourism activities. The main types of innovations in the tourism organ­ization can be considered according to the goal they pursue, namely the achievement of economic or social efficiency. The purpose of the current development is to present the possibilities for implementing innovations in the tourism sector. In order to achieve the set goal, the innovation trajectory by which the tourist enterprise implements innovations in its activity will be examined. Based on the considered trajec­tory and outlined specificity in the innovation activity of tourist enterpris­es, the four main groups will be clarified: technical-technological innova­tions, product innovations, marketing innovations and organizational in­novations. Real examples of implemented innovations in the tourism sector will be explored and presented.
Business Management Strategies for Water Supply Systems in the Republic of Croatia: Mitigating Water Loss as a Performance Indicator
Authors: Botica Vladimir
Published: September 2024

The metric of non-revenue water provides insights into the extent of water lost in the network, representing the variance between water pro­duced and water sold. This delves into an analysis of 35 water supply companies in the Republic of Croatia, collectively responsible for pumping approximately 95% of the total water supply. The sample encompasses all large and medium-sized compa­nies out of a total of 147 (categorized as large, medium, small, and micro) ac­cording to FINA categorization, aligned with the Accounting Act (Official Ga­zette 78/2015). Data for the analysis was sourced from secondary data sources, covering the period from 2011 to 2018. This comprehensive exploration seeks to unveil the intricate dynamics of business management strategies employed by water supply companies in Croatia and their direct impact on water loss reduction, thereby contributing to the sustainability of water supply systems.
Improving Water Resource Management: Evapotranspiration-Based or Tensiometer-Based Irrigation Scheduling
Authors: Grancharova Elena , Elenov Blagoj , Elenova Emilija
Published: September 2024

Climate changes and competition between agriculture and oth­er sectors for soil and water resources usage that water resource manage­ment obtains increasing significance. As a part of agricultural water re­source management the choice of irrigation scheduling method influences the yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency, energy consumption, cost-effec­tiveness, etc. This paper focuses on the comparative analysis between evap­otranspiration-based and tensiometer-based irrigation scheduling com­ponents and cost-effectiveness. Using data from a greenhouse experiment carried out with first-year strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa “Snow White”) in 2023 at the experimental field of Chelopechene at the Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection “Nikola Pushkarov”, Sofia, Bulgaria. The results show that evapotranspiration-based irrigation scheduling is more cost-effective than tensiometer-based one.
Dynamics of Population Structure: A Comprehensive Analysis of Romania Using Census Data and Population Pyramids
Authors: Stoica Irina-Elena
Published: September 2024

Population structure is a crucial factor influencing a country’s de­velopment. The population pyramids provide valuable insights into demo­graphic trends, age group dynamics and sex differences. The study reveals that both Romania and Bucharest are experiencing an aging trend, with a greater concentration of people in middle-aged groups and a decline in the younger population. This shift has significant implications for economic, social and healthcare systems, requiring adjustments to meet the evolving needs of each age group. The population pyramid for 2021 highlights that the largest age group is 50-54 years, representing the generation born be­tween 1967 and 1971, following the anti-abortion decree of 1966. Bucharest, as the capital city and a major economic and cultural center, attracts young people in search of job opportunities, contributing to the city’s unique char­acteristics. The used data is the data from censuses issued by the National Institute of Statistics and findings through population are presented using pyramid charts, built with R language. These findings shed light on the de­mographic changes in Romania and its capital city, Bucharest, and the chal­lenges and opportunities that will be encountered in the future.
The Effect of Financing Political Parties in the Economy: Case of Albania
Authors: Koti Sorina
Published: September 2024

The paper aims to analyze and determine the factors that affect the political parties’ activities and their role in the socioeconomic life of the country. Money in politics has become more and more an element of grow­ing influence to a determining power, so the control and transparency of this component are vital to maintaining the country’s prosperity and devel­opment. The paper analyses the case of Albania, an ex-communist country, and the problems that have arisen from the use of “dirty money” for financ­ing politics and their political campaigns. Albania needs urgently a new law on political and financing political parties, to fight corruption, and abuse of public funds and to prevent from empowerment of organized crime. Reform of political parties is needed, in order to end the power deriving from mon­ey and to consolidate the power deriving from faith and voter confidence.
Simplified Limited Liability Company
Authors: Andonov Marko , Radenkov Ljubomir , Anastasova Dzena
Published: September 2024

Of all forms of trade companies, the limited liability company is the most common, both domestically and in the rest of the world. Such “pop­ularity” stems from several factors, which are important for “young” entre­preneurs and individuals who lack the capital to establish another form of trade company. Those factors, or circumstances, are the relatively low min­imum basic capital, the limited liability of the founders and shareholders in terms of the responsibilities and obligations the company has towards third parties, the relatively simple establishment process, as well as the simple or­ganizational structure of the company. With the Amending Law of the Law on Trade Companies, published in the Official Gazette of North Macedo­nia no. 215/2021 of 16.09.2021, the legislator incorporates a so-called “sub-form” of the LLC – the Simplified Limited Liability Company (in continuation: SLLC). With this incorporation, the legislator intends to give additional relief to founders by minimizing the minimum basic capital from at least 5.000 EUR to at least 1 EUR expressed in denar counter value calculated according to the average exchange rate which is published by the National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia.
Beyond Adjudication: European Court of Human Rights Pilot Judgment’s Role in Shaping Albanian Legislation
Authors: Tërova (Pendavinji) Iva
Published: September 2024

Attempting to address systemic violations of human rights on the domestic level, pilot judgments impose an obligation on States to take re­medial measures to prevent vast numbers of repetitive applications or clone cases before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR or the Court). Ac­cordingly, they serve as catalysts by fostering transformative changes with­in a state’s legal framework and aligning domestic law with the European Convention of Human Rights standards. The paper aims to analyze the procedure and features of pilot judgments, enshrined in Rule 61 of Rules of Court. Delving on ECtHR case law, it gives a brief overview of the pilot judgment procedure adopted for Albania’s struc­tural dysfunction of non-compensation for properties nationalized during the communist regime in Manushaqe Puto and others v. Albania. Further­more, the effectiveness of remedies undertaken by the Albanian authorities is assessed. The paper concludes by emphasizing the proactive role played by the EC­tHR in shaping Albania’s legislation and hence advancing the protection of property rights.
Patterns of Geographic Gender Based Violence: Politics, Culture and Development Issues
Authors: Zenelaj Shehi Reina , Tirana Endi , Toci Ajsela
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to investigate and evaluate the phenomena of spatial gender-based violence in Albania. It asks in what ways are gen­der-based violence patterns and prevalence vary in different regions of Al­bania. Furthermore, which demographic, political, cultural, and socioeco­nomic factors are responsible for these regional variations? The study ben­efits from the frameworks of intersectionality theory and spatial analysis and uses the literature to search for relevant variables that act as intersect­ing identities contributing to unique forms of violence and discrimination. Survey results indicate that the patriarchal system and gender based norms are two perpetuating variables that are perceived to contribute the most to gender based violence. Economic repercussions were also emphasized, with GGBV restricting women’s access to financial independence, career oppor­tunities, and education. Notwithstanding, there is a rising knowledge of the significance of patriarchal institutions, gender norms, and the necessity of gender equality in resolving violence.
Service Quality in Business Excellence Maturity Assessment
Authors: Papadopoulos Dimitrios , Karipoglou Georgios , Glykas Michail , Dima Thaleia
Published: September 2024

Service quality is a critical aspect of business excellence maturi­ty assessment. It refers to the level of excellence achieved in delivering prod­ucts or services to customers. Customer satisfaction and loyalty, as well as a company’s overall reputation and success, are significantly influenced by the quality of its services. This research paper focuses on research related to Service Quality in Busi­ness Excellence Maturity Assessment. In a business excellence maturity as­sessment, service quality is typically evaluated through various metrics and indicators. These may include customer satisfaction surveys, feedback from customers and employees, service delivery time, complaint resolution time, and other performance measures. Our research contribution presents a literature review about ensuring that every interaction with customers is of the highest standard. It requires an organization-wide commitment to customer satisfaction, continuous im­provement, and a culture of excellence.
The Digital Transformation of the Retail Business: Focusing on the Online Shopping of Clothing by Consumers in the European Union
Authors: Petrova Simeonka
Published: September 2024

This study presents conceptual ideas and propositions for the digi­tal transformation of the apparel retail business and its evolutionary transfor­mation and modeling. Empirical aspects of the development of online cloth­ing shopping by European consumers are highlighted. The main objective of the present study is to outline more significant manifestations of the impact of digital transformation on the clothing retail business and on this basis to analyze and evaluate the change in online clothing purchases made by Euro­pean consumers, taking into account the dependencies of certain economic and demographic variables such as disposable income, gender, age, educa­tion and employment status. Respondents to the study are individuals from the 27 member states of the European Union. Data on their budgets, demo­graphic profiles and online clothing purchases are for the period 2012-2022. The measurement of the emerging dependencies between the main variable – online clothing purchases, and the selected variables is carried out with the help of computer processing software – IBM SPSS Statistics and the Excel pro­gram. The research methodology includes the application of the single line­ar regression and correlation method. The results obtained from the research carried out are useful for characterizing the changes occurring in the online shopping of clothing by consumers in Europe.
De cruceros a Noruega a los trenes playeros. Publicidad y turismo en Sevilla (1930-1936)
Authors: Rodríguez Centeno Juan Carlos , Jorquera Fuertes Isabel
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la tipología de la oferta turística dirigida a los viajeros sevillanos de la época, qué destinos y qué motivación se les ofrecía para viajar. Metodología: Se ha utilizado una doble metodología, la primera de tipo cuantitativo, con 106 anuncios de prensa recopilados; y posteriormente hemos aplicado el análisis de contenido de tipo cualitativo. Resultados: Se han catalogado seis tipos distintos de oferta turística: turismo de salud en balnearios, los cruceros marítimos, el turismo religioso, la oferta hotelera, los destinos de playa y el turismo de eventos. Conclusiones: En un contexto de grave crisis económica que afectó a la ciudad después de la Exposición de 1929, se constata la existencia de una variada oferta turística, dirigida en su mayoría a las clases con alto poder adquisitivo, y una mínima oferta dirigida a las clases populares, limitada a breves desplazamientos a las playas de Huelva y Cádiz.
El Fracaso Escolar en la Educación Secundaria: Un estudio cualitativo sobre sus definiciones, manifestaciones y estrategias de intervención desde la perspectiva docente
Authors: Carmona Legaz Ana , Sánchez Marín Francisco José
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El Fracaso Escolar es un fenómeno que preocupa en la mayoría de los países desarrollados. Este artículo analiza la complejidad que entraña su conceptualización, examina su manifestación en la trayectoria académica de los estudiantes y, trata de evidenciar la existencia de programas para su abordaje en los centros de Educación Secundaria. Metodología: Se emplea una metodología cualitativa, siendo la población de estudio, docentes de los centros educativos de diferentes municipios de la Región de Murcia. Las estrategias para la recogida de la información son: la Revisión Bibliográfica Sistemática, la Entrevista Semiestructurada en Profundidad y el Análisis Documental. Resultados: Destaca su complejidad debido a las variables que lo componen y su presencia gradual en el itinerario académico de los alumnos, aunque también se manifiesta en momentos puntuales. En los centros educativos existen programas, pero con finalidades poco diferenciadas. Discusión: el Fracaso Escolar es un fenómeno difícil de abordar desde una sola dimensión. Es fundamental identificar diferentes momentos en su aparición, siendo múltiples los programas desarrollados para su afrontamiento. Conclusiones: El estudio revela que es prioritario identificar sus causas. Su doble vertiente estática/dinámica limita su ubicación temporal y, es importante  implementar  medidas de prevención tempranas para asegurar el éxito académico.
Is Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case fatality ratio underestimated?
Authors: Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , Malik Asim Ali
Published: September 2024

The number of cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is increasing rapidly and case fatality ratio (CFR) is estimated to be around 2 to 3%. However, the epidemic is still ongoing and the outcome of many sick cases of COVID-19, particularly the outcome of severe cases, is not yet available, which may lead to underestimation of CFR. This was observed during the initial phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) outbreak as well, where CFR increased with the passage of time. We estimated the CFR of COVID-19 by extrapolating the data using SARS as an analogy. According to our estimates, the actual CFR of COVID-19 may be around 4.4 to 4.8%. However, these results should be interpreted with cautions as we did not adjust for many confounding factors. Various epidemiological and modelling techniques can be used to estimate CFR of COVID-19 during the epidemic. Precise estimates of CFR will be available after the end of the epidemic when the outcome of all cases will be available.
အာဏာသိမ်းမှုအလွန် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံရှိ ဝိသေသလက္ခဏာများနှင့် တိုင်းရင်းသားနိုင်ငံရေး
Authors: Chew Isabel , Jap Jangai
Published: September 2024

မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် သက်ဆိုးရှည်နေသည့် နိုင်ငံရေးအကျပ်အတည်းကို နားလည်နိုင်ရန်အတွက် ဝိသေသလက္ခဏာနှင့် တိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုးစုအရေးတို့ကို သိရှိရန်အရေးကြီးပါသည်။ အများပါဝင်သည့် ဖက်ဒရယ်ဒီမိုကရေစီစနစ် တည်ဆောက်ရေး ကြိုးပမ်းရာတွင်လည်း ယင်းတို့သည်ပင် အဓိကအကြောင်းအချက်များ ဖြစ်ပါသည်။ လူမှုရေးနှင့် နိုင်ငံရေး လိုလားချက်များအပေါ် ဝိသေသလက္ခဏာနှင့် တိုင်းရင်းသားအရေးတို့က မည်သို့ သက်ရောက်မှုရှိကြောင်း ပိုမို၍ သိရှိနားလည်နိုင်ရန် နိုင်ငံရေးစနစ်များနှင့် အဖွဲ့အစည်းများကို နိုင်ငံသားများ၏ ရှုမြင်ပုံများ၊ မူဝါဒဆိုင်ရာ လိုလားချက်များနှင့် နိုင်ငံရေးသဘောထားများကိုလည်းကောင်း၊ လူမှုရေးနှင့် နိုင်ငံရေးနယ်ပယ်တွင် အတူတကွ ရပ်တည်နေထိုင်ကြရသူများနှင့် မိမိတို့အကြား ဆက်စပ်ပုံကို မည်သို့ ရှုမြင်ကြောင်းကိုလည်းကောင်း၊ ပေါ်လွင်ထင်ရှားစေနိုင်သည့် စနစ်တကျကောက်ယူထားသော အချက်အလက်များ ရှိရန် လိုအပ်ပါသည်။ ယနေ့ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံမှာ လမ်းဆုံလမ်းခွသို့ ရောက်ရှိနေသည့် အခြေအနေဖြစ်ပြီး အများပါဝင်လျက် စဉ်ဆက်မပြတ် ရေရှည် တည်တံ့နိုင်သည့် ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေးနှင့် ဖက်ဒရယ်ဒီမိုကရေစီ ပြည်ထောင်စုဆီသို့ ဦးတည်ကြိုးပမ်းနေချိန်ဖြစ်၍ ယင်းသို့သော အချက်အလက်များမှာ အထူးသဖြင့် အရေးကြီးပါသည်။
Agrochemical assessment of productive potential of soils of coastal depressions of pulsating highly mineralized chloride lakes of the Uldza–Torey drainless closed basin
Authors: Ubugunov L. L. , Ayushina T. A. , Ubugunova V. I. , Zhambalova A. D. , Ubugunov V. L. , Vishnyakova O. V.
Published: September 2024

The soil diversity of coastal depressions of pulsating highly mineralized chloride lakes of the Uldza–Torey closed basin (on the example of the Lake Babie) within the Southeastern Transbaikalia area was studied. It has been established that 3 main soil types dominate: quasigley solonchaks, saline humus-quasigley soils and light-humus saline soils. The soils under study, especially the quasigley solonchaks, are characterized by unfavorable physicochemical and agrochemical properties and a high degree of salinity in most horizons with the excessive content of Na+ and Cl– toxic ions. Very high concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, S, and Na+ and Cl– ions were revealed in the upper saline layer (0–5 cm) of the quasigley solonchaks. A low content of the most important nutritional elements, including nitrogen and phosphorus available for plants was defined mainly in soils studied, so as biogenic microelements in humus-quasigley saline and light humus saline soils. Therefore, these soils have an extremely low level of both potential and effective fertility based on the agrochemical assessment of their production ability. When considering the ecological uniqueness and medicinal value of the lake and its lakeside ecosystems, it is recommended to exclude these soils and land resources from agricultural practice. They must be used in the form of specially protected natural landscape components as a part of reproduction areas, nature reserves, territories of medical and balneological resorts and other health care facilities.
Yield of spring wheat and grain quality with the effective use of mineral fertilization
Authors: Volynkina O. V.
Published: September 2024

The generalization of the results of 4 field experiments, the agrochemical and agrotechnical characteristics of which differed significantly, showed general and marginal increases in crop yields when using mineral fertilizers. The experiments were carried out in different soil and climatic zones of the Kurgan region: on heavy loamy ordinary chernozem in one of the farms of the Almenevsky district and on 2 experimental fields of the Kurgan Research Institute – Central (on medium loamy leached chernozem) and Shadrinsky (on heavy loamy leached chernozem). Type of tillage: in 3 experiments – plowing and crop rotation, in 4th – permanent wheat on a stubble background. Phosphorus fertilizer gave high yield increases on backgrounds with a content of mobile P2O5 in a layer of 0–20 cm of soil from 30 to 50 mg/kg, with a content of 74 mg P2O5/kg it had little effect. When testing doses of nitrogen and phosphorus, their first level provided the largest and best-paid marginal increase in comparison with the increments from the following doses of fertilizer. The fertilizer had a positive effect on wheat yield and grain protein content. The achievement of the 3rd grade of grain quality was attributed to 60–90% of the years in the experimental versions with 40–50% of the years in the control. It can be quite definitely concluded that on backgrounds with a soil content of 74 mg P2O5/kg, only nitrogen fertilizer should be used; the nitrogen dose should be reduced to N40–50, the phosphorus dose to P15–20 using a near-sowing method of applying phosphorus fertilizer. Under these conditions, the profitability of the fertilizer increased to 45–73% compared with low and negative indicators in other variants.
Managing the productivity of flax by optimizing nutrition
Authors: Sorokina O. Yu.
Published: September 2024

In the Tver region, on sod-podzolic light loamy soil, the productivity management of fiber flax varieties (Zaryanka and Diplomat) with different maturation periods was studied by optimizing their mineral nutrition. To calculate the dose of mineral nutrition, 3 methods were used: balanced modified by Kayumov, balanced to compensate for the removal, and by the ratio of elements in the fertilizer. Accordingly, the doses were N0P0K0 (control), N30P0K50, N30P22K80, and N30P60K150. It was found that despite various weather conditions, the use of fertilizers from the initial phases of flax plant growth allowed plants to accumulate a large biomass: in arid conditions, on average, for varieties by 58% more, in optimal water supply conditions – by 45%. The absorption of nutrients by flax plants increased with an increase in the dose of the introduced elements. With an equal dose of nitrogen in the fertilizer, its amount was greater both in the roots and stems of flax, with increasing doses of phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the flax roots of the late-maturing Diplomat variety was higher than that of the early-maturing Zaryanka. When optimizing nutrition by applying fertilizers in doses of N30P22K80 and N30P60K150, the proportion of stems in the structure of flax plants increased and amounted to 45 and 46% in the Zaryanka variety, 44 and 49% in the Diplomat variety, respectively to dosage. Without fertilizers, the share of the stem was 38%, and the share of roots and leaves was the highest – 22 and 42%. The production process in this case was less rational. The late-maturing Diplomat variety, on average, for 3 years, when applying all doses of fertilizers, had a yield of flax straw by 3.1–3.9 c/ha more than the early-maturing Zaryanka variety. In the early-maturing variety Zaryanka, a higher dose of fertilizers N30P60K150 reduced the quality indicators: the number of the long fiber and the percentage number of the entire fiber, especially during the dry growing season.
Effectiveness of pelargonic acid as a herbicide in sunflower, soybean and corn crops
Authors: Golubev A. S.
Published: September 2024

The increase in field contamination due to the spread of minimal and zero tillage technologies requires protective measures using chemical pesticides. Due to the limitations of the use of glyphosate in the assortment, there is a vacant niche for new herbicides capable of having a general destructive effect. In field small-scale experiments conducted during the 2022 and 2023 seasons, in sunflower crops of the Yenisei variety, soybeans of the Marina variety and corn hybrids of the EU Catamaran and RNIISK 1, high efficiency of the use of pelargonic acid (525 g/l) as a herbicide before the emergence of crops was established. On average, when applying 21 l/ha of the acid, the reduction in total weed contamination was 87, 35 l/ha – 93, 49 l/ha – 96%, respectively. All weed species present in the experiment were highly sensitive to pelargonic acid (525 g/l). 15 days after its introduction at a rate of 49 l/ha, the reduction of amount of the redroot pigweed and such cereal weeds as millet, gray bristle, and barnyard millet was at the level of 94–98%, the reduction of amount of all other weed species was 100%. The reduction of clogging after the application of pelargonic acid led to a significant increase in crop yields compared with the untreated control. The increase in soybean yield reached 17.7, corn – 78.2, sunflower – 108%.
Experimental and theoretical evaluation of fungicidal and bactericidal activity of 3-alkyl substituted 1H-phospholane oxides
Authors: Tyumkina T. V. , Bulatova K. A. , Islamov D. N. , Makhamatkhanova A. L. , Mallyabaeva M. I. , Sabirov D. Sh.
Published: September 2024

The fungicidal and bacterial activity of the model compound 3-hexyl-1H-phospholan oxide was tested using fungi of the genus Septoria sp., Phytophthora sp., Puccinia sp., and Aspergillus sp., as well as Escherichia coli bacteria. A comprehensive analysis of the experimental data obtained and docking on selected targets of key proteins of each test object made it possible to evaluate the potential pesticidal activity of the phospholane oxide class.
Effectiveness of trace elements and plant growth regulators in combination with mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat and spring barley on sod-podzolic soil
Authors: Starostina E. N. , Ivashenkov G. A.
Published: September 2024

In a long-term field experiment (61 years) on cultivated sod-podzolic loamy soil of the Central Non-Chernozem region high efficiency of the combined use of complexes of trace elements, growth regulators and mineral fertilizers was revealed. In this variant, the highest average yield for 2017– 2023 was formed for winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety – 80 c/ha and spring barley of the Vladimir variety – 60 c/ha at 40.1 and 33.8 c/ha, respectively, in the version without fertilizers. The use of microelement complexes Microel in 2017–2019 and Aquamix-ST in 2020–2023 provided an increase in the average yield of winter wheat compared to the background of mineral fertilizers by 12%, and spring barley by 8%. When introducing trace elements in combination with plant growth regulators (Melafen in 2017– 2019 and Zerebra-agro in 2020–2023), the yield increase was: winter wheat – 23%, spring barley – 18%, the payback of mineral fertilizers increased by 56–57%, and the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants – 1.5–1.7 times. The combined use of micronutrients, plant growth regulators and mineral fertilizers increased the protein content in winter wheat grain by 2.7%, crude gluten by 7.7%, and protein in barley grain by 2.1% compared to the control.
Work day duration dynamics in the post-soviet era
Authors: Kozyreva Polina M. , Nizamova Alfiya , Smirnov Alexander I.
Published: September 2024

Based on data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE), analysis is conducted of the basic tendencies that outline changes in the duration of the work day in post-Soviet Russia (1994–2021). It was revealed that if in the 1990s every third worker stayed within the established limit for working hours, in 2021 only every fifth, while everyone else was constantly forced to work extra hours. At the same time, with an increase in the duration of paid work, there was a noticeable reduction in the time spent traveling to and from work, as well as the share of these costs in the total amount of working time. A noticeable differentiation of workers by level of workload has been revealed, which in turn becomes one of the compelling reasons for the growth of differentiation in wages. Analyzing the current situation in the economy, the authors predict the preservation of high rates of working hours in the near future, which increases the threat of emotional exhaustion and physical fatigue of workers.
Farming is an (un)rooted social group: problem statement
Authors: Velikiy Peter P.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the objective and subjective life prerequisites of modern Russian farming, a new group in the social village structure. Based on the parameters established in practice for the size of farming into small, medium and large groups, the author substantiated the main prerequisites for their rooting in the agro-industrial complex and the life of rural communities. Large farmers are the most securely rooted; medium-sized farmers are weaker. Particularly dramatic is the situation for heads of small farms, whose number has decreased by half over ten years (from 2006 to 2016). It has been suggested that the resources of this group, primarily arable land, will eventually pass over to large farmers. Medium-sized farmers are also close to this situation, mainly due to the lacking heirs capable of farming in rural conditions. This could lead to further reductions in the farming lifestyle. The author’s ideas are formulated on ways to rationalize the sociodynamics of the farms’ composition in order to maintain not only their economic and sociocultural role, but also the employment of the mass of rural residents. Actors of the farming way of life are the subject of transitional social states of society and its individual systems, where the lines of many economic, social and ideological players intersect. When realizing their life plans, they act in a space of uncertain future beyond their control.
А life in social theory (interview with Stephen Park Turner)
Authors: Mitupova Sayana A.
Published: September 2024

A conversation with Stephen Turner, Distinguished Professor of the Department of Philosophy at the University of South Florida, USA, took place in April 2024 in his office at the university in Tampa. Professor Turner’s scientific interests in the field of philosophy of science, history of sociology allowed him to give a deep analysis and his vision of the fundamental problems of sociology, philosophy, social education, history of American sociology and its place in the global sociological community. The interview highlights the challenges within the American scientific system, sociology’s role in social sciences, and the methodologies and concerns of philosophy in examining modern existence. It uncovers the perspectives of the American sociologist on the importance of an expansive view of sociology that encompasses the social philosophies of non-Western cultures in the lexicon of worldwide sociological research.
Description of a new species Mallomonas limbata sp. nov. (Synurales, Chrysophyceae) from water bodies of Vietnam
Authors: Safronova T. V. , Gusev E. S. , Nguyen Thi L.
Published: September 2024

A new species Mallomonas limbata sp. nov. is described from Vietnam. The description is based on silica-scale morphology studied by means TEM and SEM. The species belongs to the section Planae and has a similar morphology with species from the Mallomonas matvienkoae complex. New species has ovoid scales, narrowed distally, a developed secondary siliceous layer with internal reticulation having rounded meshes, occupying up to 4/5 of the scale surface, with numerous papillae on the surface. Scales of M. limbata were found at twenty-six localities in nine provinces of Vietnam. The distributions and habitat conditions of the new species are summarized.
Digitalization as a driver of economic growth
Authors: Varnavskii Vladimir G.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of digitalization on global economic growth and employment over the past 20–30 years. The waves of digitalization are highlighted, the dynamics and components of its material basis – the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) – are studied. Methods of mathematical statistics and common methods for analyzing time series, economic cycles and trends, structural shifts, regressions were used. Databases of such specialized agencies as UNCTAD, WTO, OECD, the US National Scientific Council, the Bureau of Economic Analysis USA, etc. are used as the main sources of digital and factual information. The main trends of the last 10–15 years have been calculated and justified: the exit of the ICС complex after the crisis of 2008–2009 to stationary growth trajectories; the beginning of the second wave of digitalization in 2015–2016, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic; the advanced development of ICС services, etc.
At the breaks of history (Mikhail Aleksandrovich Arzhanov – man, scientist, era)
Authors: Pligin Vladimir N. , Kobzar-Frolova Margarita N.
Published: September 2024

The article was prepared within the framework of the project “Russian Academy of Sciences: outstanding scientists and lawyers. XX century” on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences and dedicated to the memory of Mikhail Aleksandrovich Arzhanov, scientist, lawyer, Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. A. Arzhanov embodied the type of lawyer of the ХХ century, characteristic of the Soviet era in the history of Russian legal science: he combined in his personality the properties of a scientific researcher and at the same time an ideologist-propagandist. He is one of the first researchers in Soviet Russia who was deeply involved in the problems of nationalism, the study of the fascist state as a natural product of the capitalist system, and such an urgent problem of jurisprudence as the relationship between state and law. The article briefly highlights the life path that M. A. Arzhanov went through from a village boy to a corresponding member, and provides a brief description of the most significant works of the scientist. The scientific works of M. A. Arzhanov are very relevant. His works formed the basis for the formation of ideas about Soviet law in the pre-war and immediate post-war periods (1930–1960).
Formation of a modern historiographical model of political and legal knowledge
Authors: Gorban Vladimir S.
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the problem of forming a modern historiographical model of political and legal knowledge. First of all, it covers the issues of the science of the history of political and legal thought, the history of law and the Philosophy of Law. The lack of proper developments in the field of historiography of political and legal thought is the basis for distortions and falsifications of this field of knowledge, has a negative impact on the possibilities of effective development of theoretical and historical legal sciences and the use of historiographical contexts of branch legal disciplines. The development of a modern historiographical model of political and legal knowledge should be carried out taking into account the achievements of other socio-humanitarian sciences, logical-philosophical and historical-philosophical research, including a significant update of the methods and techniques of cognition used. An important role is played by the affirmation of the principles of reliability, verifiability and qualitative growth of knowledge, recognition of types of development and cultural and civilizational diversity. The article summarizes the experience and results of existing research on historiography in general and political and legal thought in particular, reveals some key problems of its development, demonstrates the possibilities and directions for improving the methodological aspects of historiography of political and legal thought.
On current problems of the mechanism of liability of judges for disciplinary misconduct: law enforcement practice, general approaches. Part 4. Approaches to improving and improving the efficiency of the organizational and legal mechanism of disciplinary responsibility of judges
Authors: Kleandrov Mikhail I.
Published: September 2024

In the final, fourth part of the article, published in 2024 in the journal “State and Law”, certain results of the problems considered in its first three parts are summed up (part 1 – “Termination of the powers of a judge for a serious offense after the constitutional innovations of 2020 – constitutional or disciplinary responsibility?” (No. 3); part 2 – “On problems of disciplinary responsibility of court heads” (in two sections) (No. 4, 5); part 3 – “On the disciplinary responsibility of retired judges” (No. 6)). Conclusions are drawn about the imperfection of this mechanism with specific examples of law enforcement (and especially judicial) practice, including those caused by the imperfection of legislation in the area of public relations under consideration. Specific, including radical, proposals are being made aimed at improving and increasing the effectiveness of both the named mechanism as a whole and its individual links.