bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic Energy Radiated by Earthquakes in the North-Central Region of the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Cruz Hernández Favio , Castro Raúl R.
Published: January 2025

We investigate the radiated seismic energy of P and S waves in the north-central region (27.5–31.5° N) of the Gulf of California (GoC), Mexico, from 83 earthquakes recorded at stations of the Broadband Seismological Network (RESBAN) of the GoC, Mexico, and the Mexican National Seismological Service for the period 2015–2021. The earthquakes occurred within the limits of transform and normal faults at depths between 10 and 20 km and had moderate magnitudes (3.4<Mw<5.7). We calculated Fourier acceleration spectra from P and S waves, corrected the spectral records for source–receiver path effects, and separated site and source functions using a spectral inversion technique. We corrected the source functions for attenuation effects near the source, and then we calculated the radiated energy by integrating the square of the source velocity spectrum (P and S wave) for each earthquake. We found that on average, 91% of the radiated energy corresponds to S waves. The average total energy (7.1172×109  N·m) of the analyzed events is less than two orders of magnitude of that from earthquakes in Mexican subduction zones. Unlike other results, the apparent stress shows an ostensible inverse correlation with the seismic moment. The apparent stress from the northern to the central regions of the GoC varies between 0.0005 and 0.4 MPa. We observed that earthquakes with lower and higher apparent stress tend to concentrate in regions with normal and strike-slip faulting stress regimes, respectively. To explain the spatial variation of apparent stress, we estimated the coefficient of friction and compare our results with focal mechanisms, stress regime, and other geophysical and seismological studies. The variations of apparent stress could be influenced by lateral heterogeneities of the physical properties of the crustal rocks, the friction on faults, the heat flow, and the presence of fluids.
Portrait of Historical Figures in Engraving Graphic Printing Techniques as A Means of Visual Communication to Spread National Identity
Authors: Priangsari Arce , Kasiyan
Published: January 2025

The portrayal of historical figures through graphic print techniques plays an important role in spreading national identity. This technique involves slaughtering fine lines on metal plates that produce detailed images. Images produced with this technique can be found in banknotes, stamps, coins, and various educational media. The visual image not only strengthens respect for historical figures but also acts as a symbol of national identity. Grafir utilizes and strengthens the symbol of nationalism by including several elements of local culture, such as batik and flora motifs. In addition, graphir is also used as a security feature on money and official documents. The results of this study helped prove the perception that a strong graphir in creating a national symbol that is eternal, iconic, and easily recognized by all levels of society.
Social Dynamics of Dalits in Nepal: Historical Development of Untouchability and Exploitation
Authors: Kafle Dol Raj , Sapkota Dhakaram , KC Tej Bahadur
Published: January 2025

This research examined the historical context, evolution, and current state of untouchability and discrimination in Nepal, with a specific focus on the Dalit community. Data relating to Dalit, untouchability and discrimination were collected from various secondary sources, including academic libraries and reputable websites. Data relating to origin, historical development and socio-legal frameworks were separately studied and analysis was made using qualitative approach. The study identifies Nepalese kings as the originators of untouchability, institutionalizing it based on the four varnas of the Hindu system. Untouchability was minimal in ancient times, became institutionalized and peaked in the medieval period, but has significantly decreased in modern times due to various legal measures. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of continued efforts towards education, cultural change, and legal enforcement to eliminate untouchability and discrimination, fostering a more equitable and inclusive society in Nepal.
UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA SUBJETIVIDADE LIBERAL A PARTIR DE NIETZSCHE E FOUCAULT
Authors: Azevedo Anthony Lucas Neves
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar, ainda que de forma meramente sucinta, as análises de Michel Foucault a respeito do liberalismo e neoliberalismo, que aparecem ao longo de seus livros e cursos, onde o filósofo aborda o desenvolvimento histórico dessa forma de governar e nos apresenta a subjetividade do sujeito próprio dessa governamentalização. Pretende-se então trazer as reflexões filosóficas de Friedrich Nietzsche a respeito do surgimento do homem moderno e das perspectivas que se lhe apresentam. Por fim, buscaremos comparar as perspectivas éticas do liberalismo e as desenvolvidas por Nietzsche afim de produzir uma reflexão intempestiva a respeito dos sujeitos que podemos nos tornar dentro destas perspectivas.
Cele zrównoważonego rozwoju na lekcjach języka polskiego w szkole podstawowej – wyzwania współczesności a kanon lektur
Authors: Kostrzewa Joanna
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie, w jaki sposób można omówić lektury znajdujące się w podstawie programowej przedmiotu język polski w kontekście wyzwań współczesności. Polska wieś ukazana w noweli pozytywistycznej Janko Muzykant może – ze względu na wiek odbiorców – pozostawić u uczniów stereotypowy obraz dziewiętnastowiecznej wsi jako zamkniętego okresu historycznego, który w żaden sposób nie przystaje do rzeczywistości współczesnego ucznia. Zarówno lektury obowiązkowe jak i uzupełniające znajdujące się w podstawie programowej warto odnieść do wyzwań współczesności, czyli omówić je, jeśli to możliwe, w kontekście Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju. Dzięki temu można poszerzyć przestrzeń interpretacji i analizy dzieła literackiego, odnosząc teksty uznawane często za archaiczne do realiów, w których żyją współcześni uczniowie. Świadomość Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju uwrażliwia młodych ludzi na potrzeby świata.
Flâneur y mendigos fantasmales en El Paseo Ahumada de Enrique Lihn
Authors: López Torres Lorena P. , Hernández Ramírez Daniela
Published: January 2025

En El Paseo Ahumada (1983) de Enrique Lihn se observa la aparición de sujetos flâneur y mendigos que deambulan como figuras fantasmales en esta nueva arteria levantada como epicentro del mercado comercial y bursátil del país, ejemplo del modelo neoliberal instaurado en la dictadura. En la obra estos sujetos confluyen con banqueros y transeúntes que circulan azarosamente por el mismo escenario, pero sus interacciones son mediadas o evitadas. Como un flâneur callejero, la voz poética elabora un registro escrito y visual del espectáculo que brinda el paseo en el que circulan sujetos en desiguales condiciones lo que pone de manifiesto la presencia perturbadora y fantasmal de los mendicantes.
Didáctica del dibujo de contornos ciegos aplicada al retrato gráfico = Teaching the blind contours drawing applied to graphic portrait
Authors: Martínez de Salazar Muñoz Ignacio , Albar Mansoa Pedro Javier
Published: January 2025

ResumenEn el área de la enseñanza del Dibujo Artístico, el retrato es una de las temáticas más complejas e interesantes a las que un estudiante debe enfrentarse. Con una larga tradición en las artes plásticas este género gráfico ofrece un campo de estudio excepcional para la adquisición de competencias básicas relacionada con la praxis del dibujo. El presente artículo muestra los resultados de una propuesta didáctica realizada con estudiantes en el contexto de los estudios universitarios de Diseño. Los objetivos que este estudio persigue son proporcionar una estrategia didáctica complementaria a los métodos de enseñanza del Dibujo Artístico, ofreciendo al docente y al estudiante herramientas que favorezcan la comprensión, validación y ejecución del retrato gráfico.Abstract In the Artistic Drawing education, the portrait is one of the most complex and interesting topics to which students must face. With a long tradition within the plastic arts, this graphic genre offers an unique field of study to acquire basic skills related to the practice of drawing. This artículo reports the results of an innovative didactic project performed with university students of the Design studies. The aim of the project is to provide a complementary teaching strategy to the traditional methods of the Artistic Drawing training. It offers to both, the teacher and the students, distinct tools to promote the understanding, validation and implementation of the graphic portrait.
Extremal Principles of Thermodynamics in an Exactly Solvable Rayleigh Gas Model
Authors: Tadjibaev Pulat Aripovich , Tadjibaev Diyor Pulatovich
Published: January 2025

Extremal principles of irreversible thermodynamics are considered, such as the principles of minimum and maximum entropy production in an analytically exactly solvable model of a Rayleigh gas with and without particle sources. It is shown that in an isolated system, during relaxation to an equilibrium state, the entropy production is minimal. In a system with sources, during relaxation of an equilibrium state to a nonequilibrium state, the entropy production is maximum. The concepts of free and forced the relaxation are introduced. Free relaxation is the transition of a system from a state far from equilibrium to a state close to equilibrium. Moreover, at each moment of relaxation, entropy production is minimal, i.e. the principle of minimum entropy production is fulfilled. During forced relaxation, the system moves from a state close to equilibrium to a state far from equilibrium, in which case the entropy production is maximum. It is shown that the principles of minimum and maximum entropy production are variational principles of irreversible thermodynamics under various thermodynamic conditions.
On the Reality of the PBR Theorem
Authors: Şahin İnanc , Alumur Gazi
Published: January 2025

Recently, an argument has been presented against the Pusey–Barrett–Rudolph (PBR) theorem [Found Phys 53, 64 (2023)]. This claim has sparked a debate, with some authors defending the PBR theorem [Found Phys 54, 36 (2024)], but the proponent of the claim has insisted on his argument [Found Phys 54, 69 (2024); Found Phys 54, 48 (2024)]. Moreover, the author claimed to have proved that the PBR theorem is incorrect by a generic counterexample [Found Phys 54, 48 (2024)]. In this paper, we contribute to the discussion with some new arguments. We demonstrate that the PBR theorem contains no errors and remains intact.
Real-time New York Traffic Heatmap Analysis and Visualization
Authors: Chen Zhenrui , Hu Mingzhe , Wang Yukun , Chen Junyu , Su Miaobin
Published: January 2025

We developed a web application demo, dynamically monitoring and visualizing the traffic condition in New York City, with a focus on Manhattan. We took advantage of two public API providers: tomtom and openweather, to request traffic-related streaming data including real-time intersection speed, historical density, and weather details. We acquired speed data every 15 minutes, weather data once an hour, density once a day, and updated the traffic heatmap every 15 minutes. We implemented our visualization by Google Maps APIs and similar to Google Map layout, we quantified the congestion into three degrees and plotted streets with colors. Our web demo achieved similar performance with Google Maps, but with more reasonable and accurate results. Our work can also accept streaming data to achieve high-level concurrency.
Endoscopic and Surgical Treatment in Early Gastric Cancer: The Gray Zone of Decision-Making
Authors: Bae Jun Yong , Ryu Chang Beom , Lee Moon Sung , Dimitriadis Stavros
Published: January 2025

To treat early gastric cancer, one must choose between endoscopic treatment and surgical treatment. Endoscopic treatment has been developing significantly since the late 1990s and has made great progress up to the present. However, many patients with early gastric cancer still undergo unnecessary surgery or endoscopic procedures. This is due to the existence of a "gray zone" of ambiguities between endoscopic and surgical treatment. These ambiguities arise because the important factors in determining the treatment for early gastric cancer can only be fully understood after endoscopic or surgical resection, or because of discrepancies between the factors identifiable before treatment and those identifiable after treatment. This article aims to explore these ambiguous factors and discuss methods and efforts to reduce them.
Effects of a Three-Day vs. Six-Day Exposure to Normobaric Hypoxia on the Cardiopulmonary Function of Rats
Authors: Bambor Charly , Daunheimer Sarah , Raffort Coralie , Koedel Julia , Salameh Aida , Raßler Beate
Published: January 2025

In rats, normobaric hypoxia significantly reduced left ventricular (LV) inotropic function while right ventricular (RV) function was not impaired. In parallel, the animals developed pulmonary edema and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated whether cardiac function and pulmonary injury would aggravate after three and six days of hypoxia exposure, or whether cardiopulmonary reactions to prolonged hypoxia would become weaker due to hypoxic acclimatization.
Sixty-four female rats were exposed for 72 or 144 h to normoxia. They received a low-rate infusion (0.1 ml/h) with 0.9% NaCl solution. We evaluated indicators of the general condition, blood gas parameters and hemodynamic function of the rats. In addition, we performed histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the lung. Despite a significant increase in hemoglobin concen-tration, the LV function deteriorated with prolonged hypoxia. In contrast, the RV systolic pressure and contractility steadily increased by 6 days of hypoxia. The pulmonary edema and inflammation persisted and rather increased with prolonged hypoxia. Furthermore, elevated protein concentra-tion in the pleural fluid indicated capillary wall stress, which may have aggravated pulmonary edema. In conclusion, 6 days of hypoxia and NaCl infusion place significant stress on the cardi-opulmonary system of rats as is also reflected by 33% of premature deaths in this rat group.
General Zero Gravity Theory
Authors: Cuesta Gutierrez Francisco Javier
Published: January 2025

This paper arises as conclusion of two previous papers [1] [2] cited in the Bibliography. Therefore all the citations mentioned in such papers are intrinsically applied but not repeated here. We begin with a reflection over [2] about the relationship among Lense-Thirring (LT) effect and Gravity, showing that the influence of Lense-Thirring in such objects allows to create concavities and convexities in space-time around them. As consequence, the gravity effect over them can be counteracted, experimenting effects equivalents to partial gravity, zero gravity and even anti-gravity. We also focus in the application of LT effect to the building of new space-crafts. Then we study the close relationship among the Zero Gravity effect [1] and the energy conservation principle, between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. We finally find a relationship among the different ways of counteracting/reinforcing Gravity which also affects to the way of understanding the relationship among Light and Gravity. As consequence, we deduce in this paper that the Zero Gravity effect can be reached by different ways, not only by speed such it was showed in [1]. So we generalize to a General Zero Gravity Theory, which key is the relationship among gravitational potential energy with other energies that are able to counteract it for interacting with space-time, being direct kinetic energy (speed) the most obvious but not the only one.
Adipose Obesity in Douala, Cameroon: High Burden, Interesting Predictive Potential, but Limited Clinical Utility in the Screening of SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection
Authors: Moguem Soubgui Arlette Flore , Kojom Foko Loick Pradel , Mekoulou Ndongo Jerson , Embolo Enyegue Elisée Libert , Ntatou Lemouchele Idriss , Ndeme Mboussi Wilfred Steve , Koanga Mogtomo Martin Luther
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Obesity is a rising public health concern in Africa, with aggravating effects on several diseases including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed the epidemiology of bioimpedance analysis-based adipose obesity and evaluated its predictive potential and clinical value for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A one-year cross-section study was conducted at seven referral COVID-19 centers in the town of Douala, Cameroon. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were obtained from each participant. Body composition was estimated using body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), and visceral fat (VF). Results: The adipose obesity was evaluated using BF and VF. The overall prevalence of obesity was 27.1%, 46.2%, and 28.8% using BMI, BF, and VF, respectively. Discrepancies were noted between BMI, BF, and VF for identifying obese people. The strongest risk factors of BF-related obesity were BMI ≥ 30 Kg.m-2 (aOR = 25.32, p < 0.0001) and university level (aOR = 3.97, p = 0.02), while being male (aOR = 4.68, p < 0.0001), advanced age (aOR = 2.01 to 3.25, p < 0.05), university level (aOR = 4.14, p = 0.04), and BMI ≥ 30 Kg.m-2 (aOR = 4.38, p < 0.0001) were the strongest risk factors for high VF levels. VF was a consistent risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in women. BF and VF had AUC values < 0.75. Conclusions: This study outlined a high burden of adipose obesity with an interesting predictive potential, especially in women, but a poor clinical utility, for the screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Comparison of Univariate and Multivariate Applications of Artificial Neural Network for Genomic Prediction of Growth and Carcass Traits in the Brangus Heifer Population
Authors: Peters Sunday O , Kızılkaya Kadir , Sinecen Mahmut , Thomas Milt G
Published: January 2025

Data for growth (birth, weaning and yearling weights) and carcass (longissimus muscle area, percent intramuscular fat and depth of rib fat) traits and 50K SNP marker data to calculate the genomic relationship matrix were collected from 738 Brangus heifers. Univariate and multivariate artificial neural networks with 1 to 10 neurons models including the inputs from genomic relationship matrix were created and applied with the learning algorithms of Bayesian Regularization, Levenberg–Marquardt and Scaled Conjugate Gradient and transfer function combinations of tangent sigmoid-linear and linear-linear in the hidden-output layers for the analysis of growth and carcass data. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the predictive performances of univariate and multivariate ANN models. The overall predictive ability of artificial neural network models was low in the univariate and multivariate analysis. However, the predictive performances of models in the univariate analysis were significantly higher than those from models in the multivariate analysis. In the univariate analysis, models with Bayesian Regularization and the tangent sigmoid-linear or linear-linear transfer function combination yielded higher predictive performances than those in learning algorithms. In addition, predictive performances of models with tangent sigmoid-linear transfer functions were better than those with linear-linear transfer functions in the univariate analysis.
Exploring the Unseen: A Survey of Multi-Sensor Fusion and the Role of Explainable AI (XAI) in Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Yeong De Jong , Panduru Krishna , Walsh Joseph
Published: January 2025

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely heavily on multi-sensor fusion to perceive their environment and make critical, real-time decisions by integrating data from various sensors such as radar, cameras, Lidar, and GPS. However, the complexity of these systems often leads to a lack of transparency, posing challenges in terms of safety, accountability, and public trust. This review investigates the intersection of multi-sensor fusion and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), aiming to address the challenges of implementing accurate and interpretable AV systems. We systematically review cutting-edge multi-sensor fusion techniques, along with various explainability approaches, in the context of AV systems. While multi-sensor fusion technologies have achieved significant advancement in improving AV perception, the lack of transparency and explainability in autonomous decision-making remains a primary challenge. Our findings underscore the necessity of a balanced approach to integrating XAI and multi-sensor fusion in autonomous driving applications, acknowledging the trade-offs between real-time performance and explainability. The key challenges identified span a range of technical, social, ethical, and regulatory aspects. We conclude by underscoring the importance of developing techniques that ensure real-time explainability, specifically in high-stakes applications, to stakeholders without compromising safety and accuracy, as well as outlining future research directions aim at bridging the gap between high-performance multi-sensor fusion and trustworthy explainability in autonomous driving systems.
Sarcopenic Obesity in Older Adults: A More Dependent, Frail, and Even Fatal Condition than Sarcopenia or Obesity Alone. A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Silay Kamile , Selvi Oztorun Hande
Published: January 2025

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related declines in muscle mass and strength, and obesity, marked by excessive body fat accumulation, often manifest concurrently, leading to a new entity known as sarcopenic obesity (SO). Although there are many studies on SO in older adults, the number of studies with new definition criteria is limited. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study including 364 patients aged 65 and older who underwent Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to assess body composition. We applied geriatric assessments (Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale), mini nutritional assessment, geriatric depression scale, and mental status examination). SO was defined using ESPEN (European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism) and EASO (European Association for the Study of Obesity) criteria, and frailty was graded with the clinical frailty score. Mortality data were obtained. We analyzed the associations of SO with geriatric tests, frailty, and mortality using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The mean age of the participants was 77.11 years (SD: 6.97). The prevalence rates for the groups were as follows: 39.6% classified as normal, 16.5% as obese (O), 19.5% as sarcopenic (S), and 24.5% as sarcopenic obese (SO). Patients in the SO group demonstrated significantly lower scores in functional and cognitive assessments, including ADL, IADL, MMSE, and MNA (p-values: 0.002, <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). Additionally, this group exhibited reduced handgrip strength and elevated mortality rates (p = 0.002). SO patients showed the highest rates of cognitive impairment, S patients had the most elevated depression scores, and O patients displayed the slowest walking speeds. Both hypertension (β = 0.396, p = 0.001) and diabetes mellitus (β = 3.074, p < 0.001) were identified as significant risk factors for SO, with diabetes increasing the risk approximately threefold. Conclusion: SO exhibited greater physical dependence, mortality, and frailty. The S group showed a higher tendency toward depression. Significant risk factors for SO included poor nutrition, cognitive decline, low muscle strength, hypertension, and diabetes.
Tourism Development and Management in Saudi Arabia: Strategic Approaches under Vision 2030
Authors: Almakaty Safran
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the strategic development and managenent of the tourism industry in Saudi Arabia under the framework of Vision 2030, aiming to identify effective strategies that promote growth and sustainability. By addressing the integration of tourism strategies with Vision 2030, I delve into primary development strategies, the management of current challenges, and the impact of Vision 2030 on tourism policies. Through qualitative research involving interviews with policymakers and analysis of strategic documents, I reveal significant findings: the integration of innovative tourism strategies, effective management of sector challenges, and strong alignment of policies with Vision 2030 objectives. This research fills existing gaps in understanding the long-term impacts of tourism strategies and offers insights into the sector's adaptability to global trends. Ultimately, I conclude that Vision 2030 not only guides tourism development effectively but also fosters a more coherent approach to tourism policy integration, setting the stage for sustainable growth in the future.
Development of an Effective System for Online Studying Light Diffraction Experiment
Authors: Nguyen Huynh-Tuan-Anh , Nguyen Quang-Khoi
Published: January 2025

We proposed and demonstrated a design of a remote-controlled system for studying the phenomenon of light diffraction. The design of the system and its working principle are described in detail. A website is built where all the commands are possibly conducted through built-in buttons. The laser switching on or off, and the selection of the type of grating can be controlled remotely through the internet connection while their images are observable by the camera. The diffraction pattern is observed through the camera. The system works well for a demo using two types of diffraction grating of 80 lines/mm, and 100 lines/mm. The obtained result is not only meaningful in building up an online laboratory but also in the development of the field of Education Science and Technology.
Development and Testing of Adaptive Control System for Profiling Grain Cutting Table
Authors: Niu Yi , Li Ruixue , Liu Wei , Rong Kai , Hong Haoxuan , Zhang Guohai
Published: January 2025

In the harvesting operation, the stubble height of the grain is an important parameter index in the combine harvesting operation, the stubble is too high or too low will directly affect the harvesting quality and the service life of the cutting table. At present, the profiling control system can only control the lift of the cutting table in the vertical direction, but not the horizontal direction and the angle of the cutter profiling. The purpose of this study is to propose a contouring control strategy and system for grain harvesting by analyzing the designed contouring adjustment mechanism, and to simulate the control method and hydraulic system through Amesim software to simulate and analyze the control method and hydraulic system. Finally, different forward speeds of the harvester (5、7、9、11km/h) and different cutting heights of the harvester were analyzed based on static and field tests and different stubble heights (100、150、200、250mm) on the test indexes. The results of the field test showed that for different operating speeds, the error between the mean value of stubble height and the target value was small, and the absolute error was less than 2mm, the mean value of the coefficient of variation of stubble height was 4.53% and the mean value of control accuracy is 94%.The developed adaptive control system of the profiled grain cutting deck has high accuracy and stability, which can provide reference for the all-terrain profiling control technology of combine harvester cutting deck.
Sustainable Business as a Force for Good in the Context of Climate Change: An Econometric Modelling Approach
Authors: Shmelev Stanislav , Gilardi Elisa
Published: January 2025

Global CO2 concentrations keep rising despite all the efforts to decarbonize and limit the harmful emisions of Green House Gasses. This paper examines the role of sustainable business in reducing and limiting global CO2 concentrations based on daily CO2 data from Mauna Loa Observatory. Factors considered significant in determining global CO2 concentrations include economic variables like the Crude Oil Price and Dow Jones Sustainability Index but also astronomical variables such as Total Solar Irradiance and Cosmic Rays. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that in the COVID-19 pandemic while everyone was working from home, cars were not allowed on the roads and planes were not flying, the correlation between Dow Jones Sustainability Index and the global CO2 concentration was negative, what you could expect if business is to be the force for good, while before and after the pandemic, this correlation became positive. The final integrated model of global CO2 concentrations is built based on 2195 daily observations including all the variables outlined above. A range of policy conclusions is drawn.
Observation of Molecular Complexes in Oligo-Phenylenevinylene (OPV) Organogels by Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Guenet Jean-Michel , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai , Praveen Vakayil K.
Published: January 2025

In an earlier report, we had conjectured that oligo-phenylenevinylene (OPV) molecules bearing terminal OH groups may form molecular complexes in organogels prepared in benzyl alcohol. This assumption was based on circumstantial evidence only. In this paper we report on new ex-perimental evidence by means of neutron diffraction that unambiguously demonstrate this con-jecture. After ascertaining that thermodynamics properties of OPV gels are not altered by the use of a solvent isotope (hydrogenous vs deuterated benzyl alcohol), we do show that the neutron diffraction pattern in hydrogenous benzyl alcohol differs from that in deuterated benzyl alcohol. These patterns also exhibit additional peaks with respect to that obtained by X-ray. Comparison is further achieved with an OPV molecule without hydrogen bond terminal groups. In the latter case, no molecular complex is formed. These molecular structures may have a direct bearing upon the differences observed in the gel morphologies.
Seguridad de la trombólisis con alteplasa en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico con fibrilación auricular atendidos en el hospital de emergencias Jose Casimiro Ulloa, 2013-2023
Authors:   , Huillca Ramirez Milagros Cinthia
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Comparar la seguridad de la trombólisis con alteplasa en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico con y sin fibrilación auricular.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizará un diseño observacional, analítico y de cohorte retrospectiva. La población será pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico a quienes se les realizó trombólisis con alteplasa atendidos en el Hospital de Emergencias José Casimiro Ulloa, durante el periodo enero de 2013 a diciembre de 2023. Se incluirán pacientes adultos (≥18 años), ambos sexos, pacientes con accidente cerebro vascular isquémico, pacientes con fibrilación auricular y pacientes con historias clínicas completas, legibles y ubicables. Las variables dependientes serán seguridad de la trombólisis con alteplasa, déficit neurológico, hemorragia intracraneal, mortalidad intrahospitalaria, mientras que la variable independiente fibrilación auricular. Para Comparar la seguridad de la trombólisis con alteplasa en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico con y sin fibrilación auricular, se empleará la prueba Chi cuadrado para las variables cualitativas además del riesgo relativo (RR), considerando un nivel de significancia del 5%. El resultado o desenlace primario será el déficit neurológico, mientras que los secundarios serán hemorragia intracraneal y mortalidad intrahospitalaria.
A Deep Learning–Based Model for Real-Time Production Forecasting of Gas Wells with Intermittent Production
Authors: Zhou Wenxin , Sun Wenyue , Ding Weihong , Sankaran Sathish
Published: January 2025

Accurate real-time production forecasting for gas wells experiencing intermittent production due to liquid loading is critical for optimizing operating schedules. Traditional methods, which rely on solving wellbore multiphase flow equations, are computationally intensive, making them impractical for real-time production forecasting across hundreds or thousands of wells, especially in the absence of reliable downhole measurements. This study presents an efficient real-time prediction model for production parameters of intermittent gas wells using deep learning techniques. The model generates production forecasts based on high-frequency measurements, including casing and tubing pressures, valve status, and instantaneous gas rates. To enhance the model’s performance, a novel cycle parameter extraction procedure is introduced during the feature engineering phase. This procedure extracts key performance indicators, specifically production parameters at critical moments, based on the shut-in and open cycles. Using these key cycle parameters as features significantly reduces the data volume used for model training and enhances prediction accuracy. The cycle parameter data set is derived from high-frequency measurements collected from 216 low-productivity gas wells. The developed deep learning model uses a Seq2Seq architecture. The encoding long short-term memory (LSTM) processes recent production data and passes the encoded information to the decoding LSTM, which then uses future operating schedules as inputs to predict the corresponding key cycle parameters. Testing results demonstrate the model’s high accuracy and efficiency, with each prediction taking less than 0.002 seconds. The prediction accuracy is quantified using the coefficient of determination (R²), the mean absolute error (MAE), and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The R² values for the predicted features range from 91% to 99%, with a maximum MAE of 0.15 MPa for pressure parameters and 0.10×104 m³/d for the average gas rate (AGR). Moreover, the model maintains high accuracy even in challenging scenarios, such as wells with extended shut-in durations and insufficient measurements. The model’s predictive performance under various operating schedules is further evaluated using virtual cycles, demonstrating its strong generalization capability in generating production forecasts for unseen operating schedules in a given well. This generalization capability underscores the advantage of training the model with data collected from numerous wells operating under diverse schedules.
Aflatoxin awareness and food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania
Authors: Waryoba Fulgence Dominick
Published: January 2025

Aflatoxin highly affects food security and income among smallholder farmers. Consumption of aflatoxin contaminated grains or meat, milk and eggs from animals fed with contaminated food causes serious health problems to humans. The aim of this study was to uncover the effects of aflatoxin awareness on food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Awareness theory reviewed rendered the study to use fuzzy cognitive map, with a mixture of observed and unobserved variables. A mixture of latent and observed variables made structural equation modeling an appropriate model for the analysis. Methodological triangulation approach with both quantitative and qualitative analysis was applied, since the study inquired opinions from farmers. Stratified sampling technique was used to get two agro ecological regions of Shinyanga and Morogoro, due to their climatic differences. Each region was represented by one district represented by one division. From the division, two wards were selected and from each ward, two villages were selected. In each village, two hamlets were selected, making a total of 8 villages and 16 Hamlets. The sample size of 384 farmers, calculated using Cochran for unknown population, was unequally distributed in each hamlet. The survey revealed that for many farmers, it was the first time to hear about aflatoxin. After a visual illustration, farmers realized that aflatoxin was not uncommon to them. Unlike economic effects, very few farmers knew the health effects of aflatoxin. Some farmers used contaminated stock for consumption, animal feed or making alcohol. Nevertheless, a large number of these farmers did not know what caused aflatoxin during plant growth. They were highly knowledgeable on the causes of aflatoxin during storage. The findings show that aflatoxin awareness has a positive and significant influence on crop quality and hence, food security. As was the opinion from many farmers, the Ministry of Agriculture, in collaboration with other development stakeholders, should give high priority to aflatoxin awareness campaigns.
Numerical simulation and optimization of sweep angle and depth variation studies for enhanced performance of savonius turbine
Authors: G Madhan Kumar , P M Dhishan Merlin , R R Ranil , S Venkatesh
Published: January 2025

The straightforward and dependable Savonius turbine has a lot of promise for capturing wind energy in low-speed settings. However, poor aerodynamic performance frequently restricts its effectiveness. This study uses numerical modeling methods to examine how different sweep angles with constant depth affect Savonius turbine performance. The turbine's aerodynamic behaviour, torque production, and power coefficient were examined using parametric sweep optimization in various sweep angle with constant depth and fixed sweep angle with variable depth configurations. The results highlight the influence of sweep angle and depth on flow characteristics, lift to drag ratio, Torque and Power coefficient, leading to an optimized design with enhanced energy conversion efficiency. The findings provide valuable insights into improving the aerodynamic performance of Savonius turbines, contributing to their viability in sustainable energy applications.
The argonauts of West Caribbean
Authors: Londoño Díaz Wilhelm
Published: January 2025

This book presents the results of an investigation into the tradition of canoe manufacturing on the coast of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The author recounts the archaeological investigations in the Caribbean that address the issue of navigation culture in the region and draws on ethnographic data from the riverside carpenters of Taganga, allowing for a critical examination of the history and anthropology of that territory. Within its pages, the reader will find details of the Taganga riverside carpentry tradition, which constitutes a contribution to the work of archaeologists aimed at recording and understanding the submerged and intertidal cultural heritage of Colombia.
Gamifying Mathematics: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study Focused on Role-Playing Games in Linear Equations
Authors: Fardian Dilham , Herman Tatang , Suryadi Didi , Prabawanto Sufyani
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to investigate how the integration of technology, particularly games, in mathematics education serves as an innovation in mathematics learning. The focus of this research is on the integration of technology in mathematics education, particularly concerning the topic of algebra, specifically linear equations in one variable, using gamification media with the assistance of RPG Maker MV application. This research employs a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to understand the subjective meanings contained in individual experiences related to the use of gamification in a learning context. A total of 39 seventh-grade students and 2 educators from a public junior high school in Luwuk were selected as subjects for this study. The research utilized both test and non-test instruments. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, involving three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing. The results showed that the integration of technology, particularly the use of gamification in mathematics education, has received a positive response from students especially in the field of students' interest, collaboration, and motivation and serves as an innovation in mathematics learning. RPG games have great potential to be used as an interactive learning tools in the classroom because they contain various interesting features that support the psychological and cognitive development of students. Researchers are recommended to design a didactic design that integrate technology, ensuring that educational practices are both engaging and effective in enhancing students' learning experiences.
Exploring Generative AI as a Catalyst for Sustainability: Strategies for Waste and Energy Reduction
Authors: Shweta Jaiswal  , Shivani Pandey
Published: January 2025

The study explores the potential of generative AI as a transformative tool for advancing sustainability, focusing on waste and energy reduction strategies. Generative AI technologies offer innovative solutions for optimizing resource use, minimizing material waste, and improving energy efficiency across various industries. By leveraging AI for predictive analytics, process automation, and real-time decision-making, businesses can significantly reduce their environmental impact. However, the integration of AI into sustainability efforts also raises important policy considerations, particularly regarding energy consumption during AI model development and deployment. The study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the opportunities and challenges associated with using generative AI to drive sustainable practices, offering strategic recommendations for policymakers and organizations alike. Generative AI can model complex systems, simulate environmental impacts, and optimize production processes, leading to reduced material waste, lower energy consumption, and more efficient resource allocation. Industries such as manufacturing, energy, and logistics stand to benefit immensely from AI-driven innovations, which can refine processes, predict maintenance needs, and optimize supply chains. Nevertheless, the widespread implementation of generative AI comes with challenges, especially the high energy demands of AI training models, which could offset some sustainability gains. As a result, the paper underscores the need for balanced policy frameworks that encourage AI adoption while promoting sustainable AI development practices, such as the use of energy-efficient hardware and renewable energy sources. The study also highlights the potential for generative AI to influence global sustainability targets, driving a shift towards greener, smarter technologies and providing a pathway for industries to achieve net-zero emissions.
A Study of India with Select Countries on Socio Economic Factors and Formal Credit
Authors: Mayank Bajpai  , Audhesh Tripathi  , Niraj Prasad
Published: January 2025

The economic development of a country is positively associated with economic well being of its people. The banking sector of all the nations is endeavoring to relax lending norms so that people resort to formal credit instead of informal credit. Further, efforts are being made to ensure that banking system is able to meet the financial needs of different sections of the society by providing timely and affordable credit. The present study is an attempt to explore whether all the socio economic groups of the society (female, male, income poorest, income richest, young adults, older adults, population with primary education or less, population with secondary education or more, rural population, in labour force and out of labour force population) resort to formal credit in the same way. Further, the study makes a comparative study to extract whether Indian banking sector performance in terms of formal credit on the basis of socio economic factors is at par with selected countries or not. The study uses independent T test to make pair wise comparison and ANOVA test to compare performance of Indian banking sector with selected countries. The study reveals that being male, rich, older adult, possessing secondary education or being in labor force significantly impact borrowings from a financial institution or using a credit card. The study also highlights that the countries in comparison to which India is reporting lower average proportion for formal credit on the basis of socio economic factors are either upper middle income countries or high income countries.
Patient Voices: Multimethod Study on the Feasibility of Implementing Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Brunelli Cinzia , Alfieri Sara , Zito Emanuela , Spelta Marco , Arba Laura , Lombi Linda , Caselli Luana , Caraceni Augusto , Borreani Claudia , Roli Anna , Miceli Rosalba , Tine' Gabriele , Zecca Ernesto , Platania Marco , Procopio Giuseppe , Nicolai Nicola , Battaglia Luigi , Lozza Laura , Shkodra Morena , Massa Giacomo , Loiacono Daniele , Apolone Giovanni
Published: January 2025

Background

“Patient Voices” is a software developed to promote the systematic collection of electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) in routine oncology clinical practice.

Objective

This study aimed to assess compliance with and feasibility of the Patient Voices ePROM system and analyze patient-related barriers in an Italian comprehensive cancer center.

Methods

Consecutive patients with cancer attending 3 outpatient clinics and 3 inpatient wards were screened for eligibility (adults, native speakers, and being able to fill in the ePROMs) and enrolled in a quantitative and qualitative multimethod study. Compliance, reasons for not administering the ePROMs, patients’ interaction needs, and patient-perceived System Usability Scale (range 0-100) were collected; semistructured interviews were carried out in a subsample of patients.

Results

From June 2020 to September 2021, a total of 435 patients were screened, 421 (96.7%) were eligible, and 309 completed the ePROMs (309/421, 73.4%; 95% CI 69.8%-77.5%; mean age 63.3, SD 13.7 years). Organization problems and patient refusal were the main reasons for not administering the ePROMs (outpatients: 40/234, 17.1% and inpatients: 44/201, 21.9%). Help for tablet use was needed by 27.8% (47/169) of outpatients and 10.7% (15/140) of inpatients, while the support received for item interpretation was similar in the 2 groups (outpatients: 36/169, 21.3% and inpatients: 26/140, 18.6%). Average System Usability Scale scores indicated high usability in both groups (outpatients: mean 86.8, SD 15.8 and inpatients: mean 83.9, SD 18.8). Overall, repeated measurement compliance was 76.9% (173/225; outpatients only). Interviewed patients showed positive attitudes toward ePROMs. However, there are barriers to implementation related to the time and cognitive effort required to complete the questionnaires. There is also skepticism about the usefulness of ePROMs in interactions with health care professionals.

Conclusions

This study provides useful information for future ePROM implementation strategies, aimed at effectively supporting the routine clinical management and care of patients with cancer. In addition, these findings may be relevant to other organizations willing to systematically collect PROMs or ePROMs in their clinical routines.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03968718; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03968718