bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presentation av Eva Silvén
Authors: Silvén Eva
Published: August 2018

Eva Silvén är fil. dr i etnologi vid Stockholms universitet och intendent vid Nordiska museet. Parallellt med sin verksamhet som museipraktiker har hon kontinuerligt arbetat med museivetenskapliga frågor. Idag ligger hennes forskningsintressen inom fält som materialitet, etiska och andra kritiska frågor rörande museer och kulturarv samt samlingars och samlandets sociala och materiella dynamik.
Presentasjon av Brita Brenna
Authors: Brenna Brita
Published: August 2018

Brita Brenna er førsteamanuensis i museologi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Arbeidsplassen er Institutt for kulturstudier og orientalske språk, hvor hun er ansatt for å bygge opp et mastergradsstudium i museologi med oppstart høsten 2010. Mens man har hatt mindre kurs i museologi og andre tilbud innen kulturminnevern, vil dette være den første muligheten til å fullføre et masterløp i museologi i Norge.
Hembygden som självkännedom och folkbildning. Theodor Hellman och daningen av en poetisk hembygd och centralanstalt för en nationell enhetsskola på Murberget i Härnösand
Authors: Bäckström Mattias
Published: August 2018

“Know thyself”: this antique aphorism was re-actualised in the late nineteenth century as a credo for the museums of cultural history in Scandinavia. In this essay, this aphorism will be explored in close relation to the concept of hembygd. It is argued that these two concepts were intertwined into a foundation for an organic knowledge theory, which was in turn spread to a political nationalistic sphere and into the planning of a national unitary school for all classes in Sweden. In the early twentieth century, the museum curator and elementary school inspector Theodor Hellman formulated his concept of hembygd. Through his contemporary, the philosopher Hans Larsson, the concept will be presented as an intuitive whole, i.e. as a higher poetic order of knowledge in which thought intertwines with feeling. I argue that Hellman in his hembygd reworked Larsson’s idea of ‘intuition’ to a nationalistic essence. This hembygd took the Swedish people back home to a true sense of reality, to its national roots, and to an organic understanding of its place in history and society. Also, to attain scholarly legitimacy, the concept of hembygd was blended with general aspects of Cultural Darwinism to a cocktail of idealism and naturalism. As such an essence, hembygd was fundamental for the heritage institutions established in Härnösand after the dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian Union in 1905.
Hvad er spørgsmålet? - om at skabe et læringsrum i udstillingen
Authors: Quistgaard Nana , Ingemann Bruno
Published: August 2018

Data presented in this paper involves asking 15-16-year-old students questions during a visit to a science centre. The hypothesis was that it is possible to create curiosity and reflection at a science centre by stimulating and facilitating a dialogue. The background was the vast amount of studies showing that unstructured free-choice school trips result in little (if any) student reflection. We used a dialogic approach to prompt the students’ curiosity and reflection. Four students were chosen to participate in the study. One of the authors took on the role as facilitator and joined each of the four students on a visit to seven exhibits (pre-selected by the authors) and recorded the students’ interactions on video. During each visit, the facilitator made sure that the students understood how to use the exhibits so that technical/practical problems were not an issue. The researcher also conducted a brief interview adjacent to each exhibit in order to allow students to reflect upon their experiences. We also interviewed the four students one year later in order to find out how the dialogic approach had impacted these students over a longer term. We found that the approach facilitates curiosity and reflection, and that the stu- dents had a good recollection of the visit one year later and had used insights gained from the visit. Furthermore, it appeared that the four students had different learning styles but that the facilitator was able to embrace several different learning styles through the approach. The dialogic approach thus seems to constitute a fruitful guidance tool at science centres but possibly also at other types of museum, such as art museums.
Robert R. Janes, Museums in a Troubled World: Renewal, Irrelevance or Collapse?
Authors: Hafsteinsson Sigurjón Baldur
Published: August 2018

Robert R. Janes is a provocative former mu- seum director, museum journal editor and scholar. He has previously authored two books Museums and the Paradox of Change: A Case Study in Urgent Adaptation (1997), and Preserving Diversity: Ethnoarchaeological Perspectives on Culture Change in the Western Canadian Subarctic (1991). In 1986, he co-authored the book Thule Pioneers (with E. Bielawski and Carolynn Kobelka). His books also include edited volumes such as Museum Management And Marketing (with Richard Sandell, 2007) and Looking Reality In The Eye: Museums And Social Responsibility (with Gerald T. Conaty, 2005). In these publications, Janes has been an ardent spokesperson for museums to be responsive to change, and in his new book he continues to provoke the museum field with interesting questions that include: Are museums’ practices outmoded?
Revisiting the Nordic welfare model; museums and disability in the Nordic countries
Authors: Walters Diana , Salovaara Sari
Published: August 2018

This article considers the position of deaf and disabled people within the museum and heritage sectors of the Nordic countries. Recent approaches to access for deaf and disabled people have been rooted in models from the USA and the UK, and less attention has been given to countries with a welfare model approach. The article outlines the features of the welfare approach and the position of deaf and disabled people. It considers approaches to disability and access issues through both case studies and through official policy publications. It argues that although the economic position of disabled people is relatively good, access to cultural heritage remains patchy and uninteresting. Museums approach this as a question of physical access rather than engaging in more creative responses based on dialogue and partnership. It concludes that museums have some way to go before they will be truly accessible for deaf and disabled people.
Location-based solutions in the experience centre
Authors: Hansen Dan Witzner , Alapetite Alexandre , Holdgaard Nanna , Simonsen Celia , Vilsholm René Larsen
Published: August 2018

In this paper we present a prototype system for location-based guiding. A user survey has been conducted and the observations are used to support design choices. The prototype allows for both indoor and outdoor navigation at and in the vicinity of the NaturBornholm experience centre in Denmark using a combination of Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), GPS and QR codes. Bluetooth, NFC and GPS are used for location-based information and QR codes are used to convey user preferences.
Hva gjør museologi?
Authors: Brenna Brita
Published: August 2018

A turn towards practice and performance has been an important feature of the humanities and social sciences during the last decade. In this article, it will be argued that looking into the practice of museology is important for answering what museology is and evaluating what it can be used for. A visit will be paid to the various names given to museum-related studies, before giving an account of how three fairly recent Nordic PhD theses approach their subject matter. All three of them, it will be argued, can inspire museum practices. However, they are also highly important studies that not only speak to museological concerns, but also address questions that are of relevance for understanding wider cultural and societal changes.
From a modern power plant to a factory of culture
Authors: Kärki Maija
Published: August 2018

Meanings and values at the Hanasaari A power plant as an object of industrial heritage in Helsinki 1957–2007.The Hanasaari A power plant in Helsinki in Finland has gone through several fundamental changes during its life cycle. It was constructed at the turn of the 1960s to produce energy in a modern, efficient manner and delivered both electricity and heat to Helsinki for several decades.After being converted to a reserve power plant in the beginning of the 21st century, it served as a “cultural factory” where music videos and television series were shot. After the 2007 decision to demolish the power plant, Helsinki Energy launched a documentation project aimed at preserving the history and industrial heritage of the power plant. This article describes the multi-faceted life cycle of Hanasaari A and examines the underlying values and meanings associated with its industrial heritage.
Artur Hazelius, Nordiska museet och ansvaret för kulturarvet
Authors: Hillström Magdalena
Published: August 2018

The thesis traces and analyses important changes in cultural heritage and museum politics during the nineteenth century. It tells two overlapping narratives. One is about the creation and expansion of Nordiska museet, and about the museum founder, Artur Hazelius. The other concerns the indecisive construction of meaning and organisational forms for state responsibility for the cultural heritage. The nineteenth century is commonly described as a time when cultural heritage became a concern of the state. This thesis instead sheds light on the uncertainties involved in the construction of national cultural heritage politics. It emphasises the crucial role played by voluntary organisations. It observes the significance of histories and of counter-histories in the controversies obout the ownership of the cultural heritage and responsibility for maintaining it. The thesis also focuses on the emergence of a museum profession and its implications for the development of Nordiska museet and for museum politics in general.
Opponentindlæg: Timo Tohmo, Regional Economic Structures in Finland – Analyses of Location and Regional Economic Impact
Authors: Okko Paavo
Published: August 2018

In regional economics, there is a traditional field of study concerning the regional economic impact of a certain economic activity, such as an investment or some other activity causing an income injection to a region. Dr.Sc. (Econ. and BA) Timo Tohmo`s doctoral thesis contains these kind of analyses. The thesis consists of nine empirical studies, which are divided between two topics: regional specialization and industrial concentration in Finland, and regional economic impact analysis. The latter part includes evaluations of a folk music festival and a museum. In this review, I concentrate on three studies within the thesis that contain economic impact analyses of cultural activities, including the Museum of Central Finland in Jyväskylä.
Researching Experiences: Exploring Processual and Experimental Methods in Cultural Analysis
Authors: Vatne Ingrid
Published: August 2018

Med bogen Reseaching Experiences – Exploring Processual and Experimental Methods in Cultural Analysis er ti års eksperimenteren med nye metoder til at opfange og forstå erfaringer hos mediebrugere samlet i et værk. Lisa Gjedde og Bruno Ingemann har via de seks projekter, der bliver beskrevet i bogen, fokuseret på hele den kompleksitet som erfaringsdannelse består i. Denne anmeldelse vil relatere sig til en læsning af bogen som et undersøgelsesredskab, et værktøj for videre forskning af erfaringsdannelse hos publikum, hvor erfaring genereres af interaktion.
Anthony Jackson & Jenny Kidd: Performance, Learning & Heritage. Report November 2008
Authors: Andreasen John
Published: August 2018

Rapporten findes i tre størrelser og flere medier: 1) Executive Summary på 19 sider, hvor metoder, cases, hovedsynsvinkler og centrale analyseresultater suppleres med en generel tjekliste til folk, der måtte ønske at inddrage teater i museumsformidling, 2) ovennævnte rapportversion, som skal omtales nærmere nedenfor og 3) en CD-ROM-version med DVD med klip fra de konkrete analyseeksempler samt den afsluttende konferences keynotes i uddrag. Sidstnævnte version kan købes. De to andre kan læses eller downloades fra www.plh.manchester.ac.uk/1, hvor man også kan få adgang til en database med omfattende materiale fra projektet.
1: Digital Heritage. 2: Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage – A Critical Discourse. 3: New Heritage. New Media and Cultural Heritage
Authors: Lund Niels D.
Published: August 2018

1: M. Ioannides, A. Addison, A. Georgopoulos, 155 L. Kalisperis (Eds.): Digital Heritage. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia.2: Fiona Cameron & Sarah Kenderdine (Eds.): Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage – A Critical Discourse.3: Yehuda E. Kalay, Thomas Kvan & Janice Af- fleck (Eds.): New Heritage. New Media and Cultural Heritage.På en konference om Digital Heritage i Cypern i efteråret 2008 kunne man under en kulturel udflugt til den udgravede oldtidsby Pafos (World Cultural Heritage Site) besigtige nogle af Middelhavsområdets fineste gulvmosaikker i rester af rigmandsvillaer fra det 2.-5. århundrede f.Kr.; mosaikkerne af marmor og sten gengav scener og motiver fra den græske mytologi, ord og fantasi omsat til faste billeder, en formidling til levende brug og agtelse af noget både identitetsmæssigt og æstetisk betydningsfuldt for mennesker. Den (tyskfødte) græske guide fortalte (på engelsk) turdeltagerne ikke blot om de mageløse mosaikkers materiale og bevaring, men genfortalte også de afbildede mytologiske historier; entusiastisk, stolt og beretteglad formidlede han de gamle billeder tilbage til nutidige levende ord. Nogle deltagere fotograferede imens på livet løs med deres digitalkameraer til senere fremkaldelse og zoomende gensyn på skærme og power-point og i papirprint, medens andre købte turistbøger med tegnede gengivelser og farvefotos. Historiske klenodier har gennemløbet og rummer mange formidlingsformer. Og så er det jo – med støvvarmen og den lette brise fra havet, som dengang - først det visuelle iindtryk af de rigtige mosaikker der sætter sig fast, dernæst er det begejstringen i guidens levende ord man husker, og så til sidst de digitale fotos - selv nok så fokuserede og styringsmulige. Er det sådan oplevelses-, erindrings- og forståelsesrækkefølgen er?
Response to Dr. Bradburne’s paper ’Local Heroes...’ Gardens in memoriam and more
Authors: Floryan Margrethe
Published: August 2018

As Dr. James Bradburne so clearly stated, gardens and museums share many characteristics and attributes. In the following, I shall attempt to accentuate a couple of aspects of this cross-disciplinary agenda. Given my personal fascination with horticulture, gardens will be my main focus point. My idea is to apply some of Dr. Bradburne’s museological reflections to garden theory, to introduce the term hortus musealis in the present context, and then conclude with some points concerning the reconstruction of historic gardens.
Nordiskt centrum för kulturarvspedagogiks vårkonferens 2008: Unik nordisk kulturarvspedagogisk konferens i Östersund
Authors: Alfredsson Martin , Åslund Linn
Published: August 2018

The Nordic Centre of Heritage Learning (NCK) spring conference took place in Östersund in Sweden on 20-21 February 2008. The conference programme was developed for people interested in heritage learning in the fields of archives, museums, art and the cultural environment, with the aim of contributing to development of the concept of heritage learning. The cultural heritage in its various forms is able to boost the competencies and community spirit of individuals, generate new business ideas and contribute to the knowledge necessary for a process of sustainable development. About 80 colleagues attended the conference and shared their experiences. The keynote speakers came from Austria, Denmark, England, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Merete Sanderhoff: Sorte billeder - Kunst og kanon
Authors: Elgaard Søren
Published: August 2018

Merete Sanderhoff er mag.art i kunsthistorie. Hendes bog SORTE BILLEDER – KUNST OG KANON tager fat på spørgsmålet, om der eksisterer en dansk kunstkanon, og i så fald hvorfor en gruppe yngre kunstnere befinder sig i udkanten af denne kanon. Denne gruppe består af en norsk og syv danske kunstnere. Med et lille kunstgreb lancerer Sanderhoff dem under betegnelsen; passionisme. Man kan håbe, at bogen kan sætte skub i en bredere diskussion, der handler om kvalitet i dansk kunst. Spørgsmålet melder sig også, om man kan tale om en særlig dansk tradition i forhold til europæisk og amerikansk kunst, og om der er strømninger i dansk kunst, der bevidst eller ubevidst bliver overset, når det gælder indkøb til museerne og i kunsthistoriske oversigtsværker?
Brave new world: Mobile phones, museums and learning - how and why to use Augmented Reality within museums
Authors: Kahr-Højland Anne
Published: August 2018

This article deals with mobile technologies as tools for learning within museums. Using the presentation of EGO-TRAP – an exhibition which uses mo- bile technologies as the technical platform for creating an Augmented Reality – as my point of departure, I will discuss the advantages of using mobiles as tools for learning in museums. EGO-TRAP may be seen as a first modest step into a new museum paradigm. On the basis of a brief outline of the change of paradigms within museums I propose a new paradigm based on interactivity, narration and virtuality embedded in an Augmented Reality with an educational aim. This kind of Augmented Reality, I argue, seems to satisfy the demands of hands-on experiences, narrative structure and individual experiences, which I point out as being crucial for a beneficial learning experience at museums.
“The Nordic concept” in relation to the arts. Politics and exhibition policy in the Third Reich
Authors: Pirinen Hanna
Published: August 2018

Nazi Germany used official cultural cooperation for ideological propaganda purposes. Germany did not enter into any distinct cultural agreements with the Nordic countries, but cooperated in separate projects such as art exhibitions. This article focuses on an exhibition of Finnish art organized in Germany in 1935 and on an exhibition of German art correspondingly organized in Finland in 1936. The article discusses the compilation of an exhibition as a statement of opinion. Compiling an exhibition is always a matter of making choices: decisions have to be made on the theme of the exhibition, any larger entity it is to be linked with, what should be included and what should be left out. An exhibition always represents something; it can thus never be non-aligned or ‘innocent’. An art exhibition that forms part of cultural cooperation organized by a totalitarian system is an example of an enforced display of ideology.
Communicating culture and identity in tourism relations. Zakopane as an example
Authors: Ren Carina
Published: August 2018

Er turismeudvikling og bevarelse af lokal kultur hinandens modsætninger? Mange studier indenfor turismeforskningen har gennem tiden besvaret dette spørgsmål med et rungende ’JA!’. I afhandlingen “Communicating Culture and Identity in Tourism Relations” er ønsket at tage denne påstand under nøjere behandling med udgangspunkt i feltarbejde i den polske bjergby og helårsdestination Zakopane, en by med en lang tradition for turisme. Samtidig er det afhandlingens ønske at undersøge, hvorledes lokale, nationale, såvel som globale aktører i det lokale turismefelt skaber og gør brug af forskellige forestillinger om stedet og dets kultur. Målet med dette er ikke kun kritisk at diskutere forholdet mellem turisme og lokal kultur. Det er også at belyse, hvorledes forskellige opfattelser af kultur benyttes strategisk af en lang række aktører til meget forskellige endemål.
Handel med stjålen kulturarv: UNESCO’s kulturkonventioner og Danmarks muligheder
Authors: Nørskov Vinnie
Published: August 2018

During the Summer of 2006, the Danish press investigated the Danish auction houses and museums in order to test whether objects knowingly smuggled out of their countries of origin were bought and sold in Denmark. This has raised the question whether Danish legislation is adequate in relation to protecting the world’s cultural heritage, and led to the organisation of the public meeting in March 2007 to discuss the issue. The invited speakers touched on subjects that included the destruction of Iraq’s cultural heritage, the lack of legal tools for returning objects illegally exported from South America, experience with ratification of the international conventions in Norway and the Netherlands, and questions about the role of both the auction business and the museums in trading in stolen cultural property. As a very positive result of the meeting, the Danish Minister of Culture announced that Denmark will work on ratifying the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects.
International Journal of Intangible Heritage
Authors: Federspiel Beate Knuth
Published: August 2018

Siden juni 2006 har det første nummer af et nyt videnskabeligt tidsskrift: International Journal of Intangible Heritage været tilgængeligt online: http://www.ijih.org (tidsskriftet distribueres også i en papirudgave, og udkommer en gang årligt, nr. 2 forventes omkring maj 2007). Der er tale om et akademisk, ’refereed’ tidsskrift, der dækker teori og praksis i forhold til forskning, bevaring og formidling af de aspekter af kultur og kulturarv, som i den internationale juridiske terminologi betegnes ’intangible heritage’, som kan oversættes til immateriel eller uhåndgribelig kulturarv. Tidsskriftet tilstræber, som det hedder i forordet :”to serve as a spotlight on this important and growing aspect of heritage studies.” (IJIH, 1,2006,10).
Opponentindlæg: Jan Turtinen - Världsarvet villkor. Intressen, förhandlingar och bruk i internationell politik
Authors: Federspiel Beate Knuth
Published: August 2018

Jan Turtinens doktorafhandling, som forsvaredes i november 2006 ved Etnologiska Avdelningen, Stockholms Universitet, underkaster UNESCOs Verdensarvkonvention fra 1972 (The Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage) og det tilhørende administrative apparat en kritisk analyse. Udgangspunktet for undersøgelsen er den konstatering, at Verdensarvkonventionen på globalt plan i løbet af de senere år er blevet genstand for stadig større interesse og tilslutning. (Verdensarvkonventionen er den af de internationale konventioner, som på interna- tionalt plan har størst tilslutning, den er ratificeret af 182 lande ud af ca. 200 på verdensplan. Konventioner er folkeretlige aftaler, som de underskrivende lande forpligter sig til at implementere i deres nationale lovgivning).
Nyt udstillingsprogram på J.F. Willumsens Museum: ”Sansning og tænkning”
Authors: Krogh Leila
Published: August 2018

In conjunction with the building of a new wing for The Danish J.F. Willumsen Museum, Frederikssund, inaugurated in 2005, a new concept for the exhibition was prepared. The development of the new programme was based on several different considerations related to the collection and to current research in art perception, as well as to modern art fora in which the spectator actually becomes a part of the work of art. Many different introductions to the works were thus prepared, in which the spectator becomes involved in a range of different ways. In addition, all the new exhibition rooms were designed for a specific purpose and arranged completely differently as regards both subjects and the substances used. For example, the Room for Meditation, with three monumental paintings depicting J.F. Willumsen’s death and resurrection, invites the spectator to reflect a while in spiritual peace. The artist’s working process are made accessible, so it becomes possible to follow the difficulties, the stepping stones, the inspirations and the experiments he encountered. In order to ensure spectators the best possible opportunity to sense the art works, there is no texted signage on the walls. Only afterwards can the spectator read the relevant information, often including Willumsen’s own notes and letters. This is because it makes more sense to read the artist’s own reflections than any curator’s subsequent interpretation.
An aircraft as a museum object
Authors: Valtonen Hannu
Published: August 2018

Complicated technical museum objects differs greatly from traditional museum objects. This article tests both the museological concepts of authenticity and originality and the concepts of conceptual, factual and actual identity with two aircraft in the collections of the Aviation Museum of Central Finland. The main issue is how these concepts may help to solve some problems of conservation, restoration and presentation. This article is an translated and slightly edited excerpt of the PhD thesis ”Tavallisesta kuriositeetiksi – Kahden Keski-Suomen Il- mailumuseon Messerschmitt Bf 109 – lentokoneen museoarvo (From Common- place to Curiosity – the Museum Value of two Messerschmitt Bf 109 Aircraft of the Aviation Museum of Central Finland”), examined in the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, on March 24, 2006.
Kunst og naturvidenskab under samme tag
Authors: Krabbe Meyer Mette Kia , Teglhus Hanne
Published: August 2018

Kollokvium om at udstille kunst og naturvidenskab. Steno Museet, Danmarks Videnskabshistoriske Museum, Århus, 25. september 2006. In the fall of 2006, the Steno Museum (Aarhus, Denmark) exhibited the installation Room One created by the American artist Rosamond Purcell. This installation consists of a full-size model of Museum Wormianum, the Danish physician Ole Worm’s curiosity cabinet, dating from the 17th century. This is a work of art – yet it depicts a naturalist’s laboratory. When one adds that it has also been called the first museum in Denmark, it seemed an obvious step to make the artwork the occasion of a symposium on the relationship between art, science and museums. At this symposium, the artist, along with a number of science historians and museum curators, discussed the definitions of art and science then and now, and spoke about the attempts to transcend the disciplinary boundaries that take place within the museums. Different ways of exhibiting were brought into focus, and Purcell’s installation formed the basis for many interesting discussions about the museum as a place of learning and of aesthetic experience.
Museology and employment in the Finnish museum field
Authors: Kallio Kalle , Välisalo Tanja
Published: August 2018

Museology is a discipline still establishing itself. It can currently be studied in five Finnish universities. Museology came to Finland as early as 1969 when Secretary of Museum Affairs Jorma Heinonen from the Finnish Museums Association gave his first course in museology. It took more than a decade before museology gained status as a university subject in 1983, and about the same amount of time for the first professorship in 1998. Little by little, museology has strengthened its position in Finnish universities, but what has happened on the labour market at the same time?
Mapping the Future Cultural Policy of the European Union:
Authors: Valtysson Bjarki
Published: August 2018

The Intersection of Digital Communication, New Media and Progressive Cultural Politics.Hvordan kan EU’s kulturpolitik komme til at se ud når EU for alvor begynder at tage hensyn til den ny kulturelle situation med ny medier og digitale kulturer? Det er hovedspørgsmålet i mit ph.d.-projekt med arbejdstitlen Mapping the Future Cultural Policy of the European Union: The Intersection of Digital Communication, New Media and Progressive Cultural Politics. For at give et svar vil jeg forsøge at bruge en udvidet udgave af kritisk teori til at konstruere en model der er kompleks nok til at indfange de voldsomme aktuelle forandringer i det kulturelle landskab, og modellens rolle er bl.a. at reagere på disse forandringer og foreslå løsninger på nogle af de problemer som kulturens digitalisering og visualisering har skabt.
Indfødte folk og humant materiale på museum – en voksende etisk og museumspolitisk debat. En repatrieringssag fra Danmarks Nationalmuseum
Authors: Jørgensen Helle
Published: August 2018

Tilstedeværelsen af humant materiale i museale samlinger og udstillinger er i stigende grad blevet problematiseret inden for de sidste årtier, særligt i forhold til indfødte folk som New Zealands maorier. Stadig flere krav på repatriering af sådant materiale fremsættes kloden over, og også skandinaviske museer såsom Danmarks Nationalmuseum har på anmodning tilbagesendt humant materiale af maori oprindelse til new zealandske institutioner. Repatrieringsfænomenet og dets indvirkninger især hos de institutioner der møder krav om at afhænde materiale, er blevet kilde til en voksende international debat. Men hvilken betydning har denne udvikling for de, der anmoder om og modtager det repatrierede materiale? Denne artikel belyser med udgangspunkt i en repatrieringssag fra Danmarks Nationalmuseum den rolle, den verdensomspændende repatriering af humant materiale spiller i new zealandsk museal praksis.
En ny redaktion
Authors: Larsen Ane Hejlskov
Published: August 2018

Museologien er kendetegnet ved at være både en praktisk og teoretisk disciplin. Den udføres især på museerne og tilsvarende kulturarvsinstitutioner, og der undervises og forskes i den, bl.a. på universiteterne og på andre højere videregående uddannelser i hele Norden. Det er meget vigtigt, at alle institutionelle synsvinkler netop derfor blandes i tidsskriftets vifte af artikler. Det har altid været tidsskriftets linje, og det er den nye redaktions intention fortsat at holde fast i den, men det kan vi ikke gøre uden artikelbidrag fra både praktikere og teoretikere indenfor museologien. Museologien er som disciplin selv bred i al sin mangfoldighed, der spænder over så vidt forskellige, men alle relevante emner: fra museumshistorie, over samlingsforvaltning, formidling og forskning til samfundsmæssige betingelser og rammer for museerne og deres virke. Denne mangfoldighed forsøger vi også med dette nummer at illustrere med forskellige artikler, hvor der stilles spørgsmål, diskuteres, vurderes og kritiseres.
Industrisamfundets kulturhistoriske betydning
Authors: Christensen Lars K.
Published: August 2018

Stillet overfor de store mængder af potentielle museumsgenstande fra industrisamfundet, kan det være svært at vælge ud og skabe overblik. Med udgangspunkt i produktionsprocessen kan der imidlertid peges på en række emner, som må stå centralt i museernes dokumentation og formidling af industrisamfundet. Det drejer sig - ud over de kulturelle aspekter af selve produktion - om industrisamfundet som basis for moderniteten, og om arbejderklassen som historisk aktør.
From specimens, curiosities and illustrations to representatives of the history of art
Authors: Tøndborg Britta
Published: August 2018

-investigating the role of painting in the display context of the eighteenth century Copenhagen Kunstkammer.Paintings and fine art in general have always formed a part of the royal collections in Denmark, but they have not always been perceived in the same way or venerated for the same reasons. This is particularly true of the eighteenth century Kunstkammer where paintings formed an integral part of the encyclopaedic display in the first half of the century, only to be segregated gradually during the second half in order to be placed in the first of a series of specialized galleries of paintings. Two versions of the royal gallery of paintings were installed in the first decades of the nineteenth century; the latter was based on an art historical approach. Most of the paintings in the Kunstkammer survived the transformation from illustrations to fine art, whereas others where deemed unfit candidates for the great survey history of art.
Cornelis Norbertus Gijsbrechts og Kunstkammerets Perspectiv Kammer
Authors: De la Fuente Eva
Published: August 2018

Med øjenbedraget som mål udførte den flamske maler Cornelis Norbertus Gijsbrechts (1659-1675-) en serie trompe l'oeiler for Frederik III og Christian V mellem 1668 og 1672. Mange af dem endte på Kunstkammeret. Var det resultatet af en på forhånd planlagt strategi, eller var det et tilfælde? Kan de tidligste inventarier fra 1674 og 1690 give svar på, hvilke af Gijsbrechts' malerier, der kan have været udstillet i Kunstkammeret og hvilke andre værker, de var i selskab med? Udgjorde de tilsammen en meningsfuld helhed? Hvis det er tilfældet, hvad var så den dybere mening med, at Gijsbrechts' trompe l'oeiler blev del af Kunstkammeret?
Solveig Sjöberg-Pietarinen, Museer ger mening - Friluftsmuseerna Klosterbacken och Amuri som representationer
Authors: Vilkuna Janne
Published: August 2018

Solveig Sjöberg-Pietarinen som i många år förestått Hantverksmuseet på Klosterbacken definierar sitt arbete, Museer ger mening - Fri- luftsmuseerna Klosterbacken och Amuri som representationer, som en doktorsavhandling i etnologi men med museologisk inriktning. Dessa två discipliners möjligheter att komplettera varandra får hon väl fram i det följande (s. 318): As an ethnologist I approach the museum as an expression of culture for the community and the time when the museum was set up and ask myself what it represents? As a museologist I look at society through the museum and see what it was that the creators wanted to preserve and what they decided to omit. For museologists museums are an instrument for establishing identity and a search for knowledge while ethnologists study what offer of identification they give. In the answers of these questions the two approaches meet as in a mirror.
Det visuella museet
Authors: Nilsson Bo
Published: August 2018

För många år sedan, kanske trettio, sade Per-Uno i något sammanhang, att ”museerna är visuella institutioner”. Dessa ord kom att betyda en hel del för mitt synsätt på hur museernas skilda verksamheter skulle kunna utvecklas. Per-Unos förhållningssätt till det visuella, till framförallt den fotografiska bilden – stillbilden och i lika hög grad den rörliga – väckte mitt intresse och engagemang. Inom detta stora och komplexa område hade vi genom en lång följd av år stimulerande och för min egen del utvecklande samtal. Samtal som utgick från fotografiets unika betydelse som historisk källa.
Museums and the Lightness of Life
Authors: Kavanagh Gaynor
Published: August 2018

The concept of ‘dream space’, a term coined by Sheldon Annis in 1989, introduced the museums community to the idea that a significant element in experiencing museums is concerned with the unconscious mind. Whereas hitherto research has been directed at the cognitive and outwardly cultural, Annis’s term ‘dream space’ has prompted examination of the affective and inwardly sentient (Kavanagh 2000). To understand more of the dream space, as a phenomenon of the way museums are envisaged and engaged with, is to ask questions about our subjective selves, individually and collectively, from psychological and other viewpoints. It follows that the concept of dream space begs questions about memory, emotional make-up, psychological states, life stage, life experience, cultural norms, ethnicity and gender. And it also raises questions about core beliefs and our relationship with what might be termed a spiritual dimension, however tenuous that might be for many.
Our enlightenment
Authors: Anderson David
Published: August 2018

The opening of the Enlightenment Gallery at the British Museum in 2003 is doubly welcome: first, because it opens up to visitors the debates about the history and purpose of museums; and, secondly, because it puts philosophy and political theory back at the centre of our work. The British Museum has made a major statement about the place of museums in society and should be warmly congratulated for this.
Per-Uno Ågren. Tryckta skrifter 1953–2002
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

Samlat, redigerat och kommenterat av John Aage Gjestrum.
Bønder, ånder, dukker og skuespillere i de første folkemuseene ...sökte på allt sätt sökte gifva fullt åskådliga bilder af själva verkligheten...
Authors: Maure Marc
Published: August 2018

Peasants, ghosts, mannequins and actors in the early ”folkmuseums” The paper presents a discussion of the exhibition activities of the three great pioneers of the Scandinavian folk museums. Artur Hazelius (1833–1871) founded the Scandinavian Ethnographical Collections (later known as the Nordiska Museet) in Stockholm in 1873 and the open-air museum Skansen in 1891. Bernhard Olsen (1836–1922) founded the Danish Folk Museum and the Scandinavian Panopticon in Copenhagen in 1885, and the open-air museum at Sorgenfri in 1901. Anders Sandvig (1862–1950) built up a collection starting in 1887 that would become the foundation for the open-air museum at Maihaugen in Lillehammer in 1904.They were all talented exhibitors, using elements from the peasant culture of yesteryear to create an illusion of reality that would arouse the viewers’ sympathy, interest and understanding. They utilized various strategies in order to give life to the peasant, either by using a physical form in a room, or a picture that existed only in the eye of the viewer. They presented the peasants in the form of ultra-real figures in tableaux arranged according to accepted rules of naturalistic theatre. They reconstructed settings where the viewer could feel the unseen presence of her forefathers, could re-live the past and even ”become” a peasant herself. They used actors who played actual, living peasants with the help of authentic costumes, artefacts and surroundings.
The Portuguese Museums Network
Authors: Camacho Clara
Published: August 2018

In the last three decades there has been a very significant rise in the number of museums in Portugal. This movement has followed international trends within the museum sector, but it has also assumed specific characteristics that are very much its own in relation to the profound political and institutional transformations which took place in the country following the institution of democracy on 25 April, 1974. Echoes of this major political event were felt throughout the whole of society and resulted in a greater involvement of local communities in the protection of heritage, which in turn led to the birth of a large number of museums.
John Kinards stemme
Authors: Maure Marc
Published: August 2018

John Kinard fra Anacostia i Washington D.C. var museumsmannen som sa at ”the museums must demonstrate how the power of knowledge can transform man’s life”. Tidlig i 70-årene begynte museumsfolk i mange land å høre om John Kinard (1936– 1989) fra Anacostia Neighborhood Museum, som holdt til i en nedlagt kino i Martin Luther King Avenue, blant den fargede befolkningen i den amerikanske hovedstad Washington D.C.
Arthur Asa Berger (red.), The Postmodern Presence
Authors: Hofrén Erik
Published: August 2018

Den som vill gå på husesyn i det postmoderna landskapet har en vansklig uppgift. Om kartan och verkligheten inte stämmer överens – så gäller ingendera. Provisoriska vägmärken kan man dock hämta från samlingsvolymen The Postmodern Presence, där mediadebattören och forskaren A.A. Berger samlat uppsatser av tjugotvå forskare. Det är en mycket läsvärd vo- lym som, vad jag kan förstå, väl täcker 1980- och 90-talens amerikanska stämningslägen. Bokens värde förstärks av Bergers kunniga introduktioner till varje avsnitt, liksom av hans egen inledning om Homo Postmodernus.
Lennart Palmqvist (red.), Minnets miljöer. Rapport från de museivetenskapliga dagarna 21–22 november 2002
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Rådet för museivetenskaplig forskning (som tillkom 1995 på initiativ av Erik Hofrén, då gästprofessor vid institutionen för museologi, Umeå universitet) arrangerade de museivetenskapliga novemberdagarna i Stockholm. Värd i Musikmuseet var rådets nuvarande ordförande, museichefen Stefan Bohman. Avsikten var att ge konkreta exempel från ett alltmer vidgat forskningsfält som i boken speglas i 9 essäer och 10 posterbidrag. Tillsammans utgör de enligt förordet ”en bred och disciplinövergripande kritisk granskning av skilda miljöer som reserverats för det kollektiva minnet”.
Hundre år med Lenin i Sibir – en beretning om museumsmetamorfoser i Russland
Authors: Maure Marc
Published: August 2018

A hundred years with Lenin in Siberia Since 1991, the year that saw the dissolution of the Communist Party and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the museum system in Russia has been deeply marked by an ongoing transformation. In the 1990s the museums became important actors in the process aimed at redefining Russian understanding of the past and rewriting Russian history.A major feature of the system was the extensive network of institutions and memorials focusing on the life and work of Lenin. Its wide geographical positio- ning was a core element in the cult of Lenin and served as an important strategy in maintaining his canonization. The hub of this network of museums was at the Lenin museum in Moscow, which was owned and financed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party.With the dissolution of the Communist Party in 1991 the network lost both its visitors and its financial support, in effect its raison d’être. Many of the museums simply closed and their activities were discontinued, others survived after a thorough reorientation of their work. Lenin had been banished to the Krasnoyarsk region in Siberia from 1897–1900 and in Soviet times the traces of his stay there became the object of scrupulous preservation to which the public were offered access. Many of these sites and memorials still exist. The big museums of Sjusjenskoje and Krasnoyarsk are the primary examples. They have succeeded to carry out an impressive programme of renewal. The Krasnoyarsk museum has bveen particularly successful and has become one of the most interesting museums in the new Russia.
Romarnas bild- och utställningsrum
Authors: Palmqvist Lennart
Published: August 2018

This article attempts to give a view of how the Romans provided means of reception of the ‘cultural heritage’ and art exhibitions. The different modes of exhibition are discussed in context of the three different venues of reception: the public sphere (negotium), the semi-pu- blic sphere of the Roman atrium, and the sphere of the private house (otium). The article also remarks on the formalized management and policy concerning the cultural heritage that developed in Rome from the time of Augustus. Particular emphasis is made on the role of the new office of curator created by Augustus. The con- clusion is that exhibitions formed an important part of Roman culture from the late Republic until late Anti- quity, but had different functions in different contexts.
Artiklar om museihistoria i tidigare nummer av Nordisk Museologi
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Further reading on similar subjects (museum history) available in Nordisk Museologi
Klassikern: Synpunkter på det museala
Authors: Tunander Ingemar
Published: August 2018

Det har inom kulturlivet och inte minst bland museerna länge ansetts som självklart med fast uppdelning och skarpa gränser mellan intresseområden. Under senare år har emellertid skulptörer, målare, författare, musiker valt att överskrida de traditionella gränserna. Ett konstverk är inte nödvändigtvis en tavla eller skulptur, det kan lika gärna vara rörelse, ljusspel eller ett allkonstverk där också ljud och ord ingår. I och för sig är detta ingenting nytt, men allkonstverket har under senaste tiden blivit en allt vanligare uttrycksform. I varje fall konstmuseerna har anledning att taga fasta på denna tendens.
Tilbageføring af kulturgods mellem Danmark og Tyskland
Authors: Adriansen Inge
Published: August 2018

I 2003 vil Nationalmuseet i København vise en stor udstilling med Nydambåden, et af de mest opsigtsvækkende danske mosefund. Den originale båd anses for kulturarv både i Slesvig-Holsten og i Danmark, og den bliver udlånt af Schleswig-Holsteinisches Landesmuseum på Schloss Gottorf i Schleswig under den stiltiende forudsætning, at båden kan vende tilbage til den del af Slesvig, der er tysk, uden at der på ny rejses officielle udleveringskrav fra dansk side. Der er næppe tvivl om, at disse krav vil blive respekteret fra officiel side, men der er næppe heller tvivl om, at der fra uofficiel side vil komme krav om, at Nydambåden skal forblive i Danmark som umistelig kulturarv. For i mere end 100 år har Nydambåden været en af de museumsgenstande, hvorom der var størst dansk-tysk uenighed.
Några slutord...
Authors: Hermansson Nanna
Published: August 2018

Återförandefrågorna visar tydligt att vi arbetar på två arenor, en offentlig och en inom-museal. Den ena styrs av krafter i samhället som kan tyckas tillfälliga, men som är uttryck för tidsandan. Den andra kan upplevas som tryggare, där vi arbetar med långsiktiga mål – samtidigt som vi dock måste ägna våra kraf- ter åt enskilda, ofta små, frågor. I just återförandesammanhanget skymtar museets engagerande och stora betydelse.
The Spiral as concept and as metaphor
Authors: Anderson David
Published: August 2018

Professor Patrick Geddes, perhaps the greatest of the early city planners and museologists in the United Kingdom, was commissioned by the Carnegie Trust in 1903 to put forward proposals to develop Carnegie’s home town, the City of Dunfermline. The report was inspired by a determination to infuse the whole city with the museum spirit, and museums with an awareness of the needs and interests of the ordinary inhabitants of the city. Geddes’ proposals are of relevance principally because of his determination to seek alternatives to the museums he saw around him. ”I have no faith in the educational value of the commonplace art museum with its metal masterpieces in a glass case and the smithy no where,” he wrote. ”This whole museum tradition, though still too largely in power, answers but to stamp- or scalp-collecting. Wherever real technical education is beginning, it centres on seeing and sharing the real work, and then applies the paper drawings and the collections of the old system to their right uses.” He stressed that he was aiming to create not Utopia but Eu-topia.
”Museumsudstillingen i det 21. århundrede” – en kurs vid museumshøjskolen
Authors: Vange Vibekke , Beck Ellen Marie
Published: August 2018

”The Museum Exhibition in the 21st Century” The main topic of this inter-Nordic course was the production methods of film, and discussion as to whether these methods can be transferred to the production of museum exhibitions. The course also included visits to three recent exhibitions in Denmark: ”Verdens spejl” (Mirror of the World) at the Ethnographic Museum, ”Danish Porcelain” at the Museum of Arts and Crafts and ”100 Chinese” by Juan Muñoz at Louisiana. The first mentioned exhibition had caused quite a lot of debate in Denmark, as many people thought the design distracted attention from the content. The subject itself was also controversial: items from all over the world, collected by Danish scientists and other travellers, were exhibited without this activity being in any way questioned.
John Aage Gjestrum till minne
Authors: Strandgaard Ole , Vilkuna Janne , Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

John Aage nämnde ibland Johannes Sivesind som sin läromästare. Sivesind ledde museet i Toten kommun (med 25 000 invånare) åren 1954–1967. Under tonåren började John Aage hjälpa till där, och tog för sin framtid och sitt museitänkande avgörande intryck av Sivesind. När han 1977 själv blev chef för Totens museum – 24-årig, den yngste av museichefer i Norge! – kom han att utveckla museet till det mönster för ett lokalmuseums möjligheter som gjorde det internationellt ryktbart. År 1991 fyllde Sivesind 70 år. Han hade då avslutat sin yrkesgärning som chef för Borgarsyssel museum i Sarpsborg. För att hedra honom redigerade John Aage Toten museums årsbok detta år som en festskrift till Sivesind med titeln Visjon og Virke.
Petra Jensen bodde ”i Bolin”
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

Gjennom et oppslag i Oppland Arbeiderblad den 24. September 1977 søkte Toten Museum å komme i kontakt med personer som kunne hjelpe museet med innredning av ”Bolig 241”. Den er gjenreist på museet, men vi hadde lite informasjon om hvordan folk egentlig hadde det i arbeiderboligene på Raufoss.