bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An experimental crystallization of the Macusani obsidian in a thermal gradient with applications to lithium-rich granitic pegmatites
Authors: London David
Published: December 2022

Drilled cores of Macusani green obsidian pebbles from Peru were hydrated and melted above their liquidus temperatures at 200 MPa to a single column ~4 cm in length and then undercooled in a thermal gradient >150 °C along the length of the cores. Despite thousands of hours at subliquidus temperatures, the crystallinity of the products ranged from ~30 to ~5 vol%. Mineral assemblages varied along the length of the cores but not in relation to the thermal gradients in all cases. Oscillations in the abundances of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and quartz were observed across the crystallization fronts and along the lengths of the cores. The originally homogeneous melts became heterogeneous in response to crystallization and to thermal gradients. Chemical gradients in the glasses included sharp boundary layer pile-up of F and B adjacent to the crystallization fronts, as well as linear gradients among several of the elements spanning the entire lengths of the melt columns. Values of molar K/(K+Na) in the glasses, plotted as K*, varied positively with Si, inversely with Al and F, and positively with the domains of K-feldspar that formed at maximum distance from the plagioclase-rich regions. Overall, the results are marked by sharply bounded textural domains, by the spatial segregation of mineral assemblages, by oscillations in mineral assemblages at multiple scales, and by monomineralic crystal aggregates that are hallmarks of pegmatite bodies. Temperatures recorded by feldspars closely approached the actual temperature gradient down to ~500 °C, and the solvus on the alkali feldspar join has been delineated for the first time by the simultaneous crystallization of feldspars from an undercooled melt.
Co-scattering in micrOMEGAs: A case study for the singlet-triplet dark matter model
Authors: Alguero Gaël , Bélanger Geneviève , Kraml Sabine , Pukhov Alexander
Published: December 2022

In scenarios with very small dark matter (DM) couplings and small
mass splittings between the DM and other dark sector particles,
so-called “co-scattering” or “conversion-driven freeze-out” can be the
dominant mechanism for DM production. We present the inclusion of this
mechanism in micrOMEGAs together with a case study of the
phenomenological implications in the fermionic singlet-triplet model.
For the latter, we focus on the transition between co-annihilation and
co-scattering processes. We observe that co-scattering is needed to
describe the thermal behaviour of the DM for very small couplings,
opening up a new region in the parameter space of the model. The triplet
states are often long-lived in this region; we therefore also discuss
LHC constraints from long-lived signatures obtained with SModelS.
Unsupervised Class-Expert Learning for Supporting Covid-19 Triage Based on Computed Tomography Data
Authors: Alvarenga Taís Aparecida , Santos Luís Otávio , Rodriguez Demostenes Zegarra , Ferreira Danton , Barbosa Bruno Henrique Groenner , Seixas José
Published: December 2022

Deep learning applications in medical imaging have been achieving promising results in the detection of diseases, among which clinical trials in terms of screening and diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 stand out. Computed Tomography (CT) images of the chest have been used by specialists for the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, due to the need of the moment and the possibility of using computational resources to help the medical team, it is observed in the literature several proposed works using supervised learning, however it lacks unsupervised methods for the screening and diagnosis of patients with COVID-19. In this work, the deep learning models Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Variational Autoencoders are used for feature extraction and later this information is used for binary and multiclass classification in unsupervised methods (k-means, Fuzzy C-Means and Self-Organizing Maps). For this purpose, a public database containing 4173 CT images (2168 CT slices from COVID-19, 758 slices from Healthy and 1247 slices from other lung diseases) was used. The results show that feature extraction via Variational Autoencoders has similar performance with state-of-the-art models in the literature for COVID-19, mainly for the binary classification with accuracies of 95.9%, 92.1% and 95.9% for k-means, Fuzzy C-Means and SOM, respectively, presenting competitive results in the literature. It also shows the importance of extracting features through convolutional networks to improve classification performance, resulting from the use of deep learning and its state of the art in the area of computer vision.
AHMET BAYTURSINULI’NIN TİL QURAL İSİMLİ GRAMERİNDEKİ ÇATI KONUSUNUN ÇAĞDAŞ KAZAK GRAMERLERİ İLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: BALCİ Onur
Published: December 2022

Kazak edebiyatının en önemli simalarından biri olan Ahmet Baytursınulı edebiyatçı kimliğinden ziyade âlim kimliğiyle tanınan bir şahsiyettir. Kazak edebiyatını tanıtan ilk eseri yazmış, Arap alfabesini Kazak Türkçesi fonetiğine uydurmuş, okullar için kitaplar yazmış ve Kazakçanın ilk grameri olan Til Qural’ı kaleme almıştır. Baytursınulı’nın yazdığı Til Qural Kazak Türkçesi dil bilgisi sahası için bir ilktir. O zamana kadar Nogay ve Rus gramer kaidelerine göre yetişen Kazak gençlerinin, Kazakçanın kurallarını bilmesi gerektiğini düşünen Baytursınulı bu eseri yazmıştır. Üç cilt olarak çıkan eser bugüne kadar defalarca basılmış, çağdaş Kazak gramerlerine kaynaklık etmiştir. Bugün çağdaş Kazak Türkçesi gramerlerinde Baytursınulı’nın bu eserinde ürettiği terimler kullanılmaktadır. Baytursınulı, Til Qural’da neredeyse bütün gramer konularına değinmiştir. Bu konulardan biri de çatı meselesidir. Baytursınulı çatı terimini etis kelimesi karşılar ve geçişli, geçişsiz, işteş, dönüşlü, oldurgan, ettirgen, edilgen, işteş-oldurgan, tekrarlanma ve şiddetlenme olmak üzere toplam on çatıdan bahseder. Bu çatıları tanımlar ve bu çatılara dair örnekler verir. Çağdaş Kazak Türkçesi gramerlerinde de çatı meselesi ayrıntılı olarak işlenmiştir. Bu mesele işlenirken Til Qural’daki bazı çatılar bu kategoriye dâhil edilmemiştir. Ancak Til Qural’da olmayan bazı yeni terimler üzerinde durulmuş, konu daha ayrıntılı şekilde incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Baytursınulı’nın Til Qural isimli gramerindeki çatı bahsi çağdaş Kazak Türkçesi gramerleri ile karşılaştırılacak, benzer ve farklı yönler gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır.
BİLİNMEYEN BİR TEŞEBBÜS: OSMANLI İMPARATORLUĞU’NUN SON DÖNEMİNDE HALK AĞZINDAN TÜRKÇE SÖZ DERLEME ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: KEKLİK Ebubekir
Published: December 2022

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda, halk arasında kullanılan Türkçe kelimelerin derlenmesiyle ilgili hiçbir resmi girişimde bulunulmadığı sanılır. Ancak arşiv belgelerinden, biri II. Abdülhamid biri İkinci Meşrutiyet dönemlerinde olmak üzere “bilinmeyen iki teşebbüsün” bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Halk arasında kullanılan Türkçe kelimelerin tespit ve derlenmesi konusu ilk olarak 1894’te, kendini Bosnalı bir muhacir olarak tanıtan Ethem isimli meçhul birinin teklifiyle başlar. Sadrazam Cevad Paşa’nın şahsi girişimi sonucu bu tarihte, vilayet maarif idarelerine halk arasında kullanılan Türkçe kelimelerin derlenerek cetvellere kaydedilmek suretiyle merkeze gönderilmesi yönünde bir genelge gönderilir. Ancak bu ilk teşebbüs Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in konuya şüpheyle yaklaşması ve Maarif Nezaretinin ilgisizliği sebebiyle sonuçsuz kalır. Halk dilinde yaşayan fakat sözlüklere girmemiş kelimelerin derlenmesi düşüncesi İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminde Bilgi Mecmuası müdürü Celal Sahir’in girişimleri sonucu yeniden gündeme getirilir. 1914’te vilayetlere, Türkçe kelimelerin derlenmesiyle ilgili, hemen hemen 1894’teki genelgenin aynısı olan yeni bir genelge gönderilir. Maarif Nezaretine vilayetlerden derleme cetvelleri gelmeye başlar. Ancak vilayetlerden derleme cetvellerinin geldiğine dair üst yazılar Maarif Nezaretinde kalırken cetveller Celal Sahir’e gönderilir. Derleme cetvelleri daha sonraki tarihlerde Maarif Nezareti tarafından Celal Sahir’den talep edilir fakat Celal Sahir’in ne cevap verdiğine veya cevap verip vermediğine dair dosyada kayıt yoktur. Celal Sahir sonraki dönemde de bu konuda hiçbir açıklama yapmaz.
KLASİK TÜRK EDEBİYATINDA MİZAHÎ BİR ZAAF: ZEN-PÂRELİK
Authors: YILMAZ Gökçehan Aysel
Published: December 2022

Erkeklerin kadınlara duyduğu cinsel düşkünlüğü tanımlayan zen-pârelik, klasik Türk edebiyatında hoş karşılanmayan bir zaaftır. Nev’î-zâde Atâyî’nin Nefhatü’l-ezhâr’ında ve Sohbetü’l-ebkâr’ında, Sâbit’in Dere-nâme’sinde, Subhi-zâde Feyzî’nin Heft Seyyâre’sinde, Sünbül-zâde Vehbî’nin Şevk-engîz’inde, Hikâye-i Zen Dost ya da Hikâye-i Mekr-i Zenân-ı ‘Acûz’da, Fennî’nin Sevâhil-nâme’sinde, Tırsî’nin Dîvân’ında, Râmiz Mehmed Efendi’nin Zen-Dost’unda ve Bayburtlu Zihnî’nin Sergüzeşt-nâme-i Zihnî’sinde zen-pâreler, mizahî beyitlerle eleştirel bir üslup içerisinde anlatılmakta; hatta hicvedilmektedir. Çalışmada, bahsi geçen eserlerden hareketle zen-pâre erkeklerin lakapları, yaşadıkları yerler, meslekleri, kadınlarla bir arada oldukları/ buluştukları mekânlar, kadınlara olan zaafları yüzünden yaşadıkları durumlar/ olaylar incelenmekte; böylelikle klasik Türk edebiyatında zen-pâreliğin portresine ulaşmak ve şairlerin kadın-erkek ilişkilerinin şehevî yönüne bakış açısını öğrenmek amaçlanmaktadır.
Pea and Chickpea Protein Concentrates: Quality Indicators
Authors: Kolpakova Valentina , Ulanova Rusalia , Kulikov Denis , Gulakova Valentina , Semenov Gennadiy , Shevjakova Ludmila
Published: December 2022

Protein deficiency in human and animal diet demands novel protein components, e.g., various leguminous concentrates. This article compares the quality indicators of food and feed protein concentrates obtained by biotechnological and biosynthetic methods from pea and chickpea flour.

The research featured pea and chickpea protein concentrates; enzyme preparations Shearzym 500 L, Viscoferm L, Fungamyl 800 L, and Alcalase 2.4 L (Denmark); Saccharomyces and Geotrichum micromycetes yeasts. The protein concentrates were obtained from pea and chickpea flour using a new technology developed by the authors. The properties of the protein concentrates were studied by chemical, physicochemical, biochemical, and microbiological research methods.

The research resulted in new protein concentrates for human diet and microbial-vegetable feed concentrates. The protein content was 83.22 ± 0.35% on dry basis in the chickpea protein concentrate and 71.78 ± 0.35% on dry basis in the pea concentrate. The indicator of biological value, adjusted for protein digestibility, was 96% for the pea protein concentrate and 76% for the chickpea protein concentrate. The resulting protein concentrates differed in the content of essential amino acids, copper, cobalt, manganese, and nickel, as well as in phenolic acids and their derivatives. The chickpea concentrate had a greater foaming capacity and lower foam stability, which correlated with a greater content of phenolic acids, their derivatives, parallel β-structures, and antiparallel protein 310-helices. Both the concentrates had the same results in assimilating whey carbohydrates by the consortium of Saccharomyces and G. micromycete. Both types of the dry feed biomass contained 61.68–64.10% protein on dry basis, while the biomasses with culture liquid contained 47.15–51.09% protein on dry basis. The biologically complete feed concentrates differed in the mass fraction of fat, soluble and insoluble fibers, minerals, and fatty acids. The amounts of phenolic acids and their derivatives (mg/g of protein) in the raw materials and the concentrates correlated with the optical density of their aqueous solutions at D590 nm and the color of the preparations (R = 0.895).

The new pea and chickpea flour protein concentrates can be recommended as human food components, while the microbial-vegetable concentrates from pea and chickpea serum can improve the quality of raw materials of animal origin in animal feed.
Low complexity single-layer neural network for enhanced rainfall estimation using microwave links
Authors: Daher Ali , Al Sakka Hassan , Chaaban Alain Khaled
Published: December 2022

A low complexity accurate model for precipitation estimation is crucial for monitoring several hydrological and water resource applications. Based on the R-k empirical power-law relation described by the P.838-3 ITU recommendation, rainfall rate can be predicted based on specific attenuation of microwave links. The accuracy of this method is impacted by several ambiguities and errors. In order to overcome these limitations, numerous highly complex pre-treatment and post-processing methods should be used. As an alternative method of low complexity, a supervised learning algorithm using a single-layer neural network (the perceptron) is suggested in this paper. Optimal weights parameters were obtained based on the minimization of the mean square error (MSE). A case study was carried out using 40 days of data gathered from two commercial microwave links (CMLs) and one rain gauge. Experimental results showed that this machine learning-supervised approach performed better than the R-k-based method. The mean square error of the path-averaged rainfall rate was reduced from 0.13 mm2 h-1 to 0.08 mm2 h-1 for training data, and from 0.2 mm2 h-1 to 0.1 mm2 h-1 for test data. This promising alternative method for rainfall estimation could considerably improve the efficiency of many applications, such as those developed for real-time urban flood risk management.
Stakeholder acceptance of shared toilets to improve sanitation access in low-income urban settings: a case study of Gulu city, Uganda
Authors: Schoell Anna Therese , Scott Rebecca
Published: December 2022

With growing worldwide urbanisation, ensuring adequate sanitation for all urban citizens is gaining importance. Access to sufficient and appropriate sanitation presents particular challenges for low-income areas of high population density. In Gulu city, Uganda, 87% of the population relies on shared sanitation facilities. This paper investigates under what circumstances shared toilets can offer access to improved sanitation facilities. It explores stakeholders' perceptions of shared toilets – users, political leaders, and key decision-makers of Gulu. Findings are analysed from an existing dataset of over 10,000 households, alongside qualitative data from household interviews, key informant interviews with health inspectors, health workers, political leaders, and focus group discussions. Results reveal that shared toilets have the potential to improve access to enhanced sanitation technology in areas where people lack the space and financial means to construct individual household toilets. For shared toilets to be acceptable, they would be of a higher sanitation technology, located on private land, with the familiarity of users, and agreed cleaning and maintenance regimes. The paper, therefore, proposes improving both the technology and arrangements for the use of shared facilities, to a level that satisfies users and improves access to safe sanitation in low-income urban areas.
Rehabilitation of canal irrigation schemes in India: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Chauhan Manoj Kumar , Ram Shobha
Published: December 2022

The article describes a brief history of canal irrigation development and rehabilitation measures taken up in the past. The processes leading to deterioration in the condition of canal irrigation systems, necessitating rehabilitation, have been described. Based on a survey of several irrigation commands in different agro-climatic zones, the problems in aged irrigation projects are presented. The purpose is to identify the technical and non-technical factors limiting the performance of canal irrigation systems. Regarding rehabilitation of canal irrigation systems, several policy issues have been raised and discussed. The importance of the issues raised pertaining to canal rehabilitation and the solutions have also been discussed in this article.
Improvement of coal gasification reverse osmosis concentrate treatment by Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalytic ozonation
Authors: Chen Xiurong , Gu Hao , Sun Xiaoli , Tian Jinyi , Li Qiuyue , Pan Tao , Zhang Xinyu , Hu Xueyang , Linghu Shanshan
Published: December 2022

Approximately 20% of concentrate will be produced from coal gasification wastewater after reverse osmosis treatment. The organic matter contained in the concentrate affects its evaporation crystallisation; therefore, the refractory organics must be removed. In this study, Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalytic ozonation was used to treat reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC). With the addition of the Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalyst, the production of ·OH increased by 82 μmol/L, thereby enhancing the ozonation performance. The pH, ozone dosage, and catalyst dosage all affected the catalytic ozonation performance. By constructing a response surface model, it was found that the catalyst dosage had the most significant effect on the catalytic ozonation performance. The predicted optimal reaction conditions were pH = 9.02, ozone dosage = 1.08 g/L, and catalyst dosage = 1.33 g/L, under which the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached a maximum of 81.49%.
PREDICTION OF THE PROFILE FUNCTIONING OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM BASED ON MULTIVALUED PATTERNS
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Sheluhin O , Rakovskiy D ,   Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics
Published: December 2022

Purpose of work is to create a new algorithm for predicting anomalous states of computer systems (CS) using the mathematical apparatus of multivalued dependencies (Multivalued Dependencies Prognosus Algorithm, MDPA), which are categorical concepts. The research method is the analysis of historical data using the mathematical apparatus of multivalued dependencies. Objects of study are theoretical and practical issues of solving and visualizing information security problems. Results of the study. A methodology and algorithm for predicting the state of CS have been developed. The boundaries of the input parameters of the algorithm are derived and justified. The boundaries of the input parameters need to be pre-configured for the correct generation of the prognosis. A software implementation of the proposed prediction algorithm has been developed. The efficiency of the algorithm has been tested on real experimental data. A spatial analysis of the prediction results was carried out. The main disadvantage of the proposed algorithm is the need to fine-tune the input parameters for each set of “historical data”. Scientific significance. The scope of application of multivalued dependencies has been expanded; a new algorithm for predicting anomalous states of CS, which are categorical concepts, has been proposed. The developed prediction algorithm can be generalized to any subject area containing historical data of any type
RECOGNITION OF CYBER THREATS ON THE ADAPTIVE NETWORK TOPOLOGY OF LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS BASED ON A RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK
Authors:   Institute of Cybersecurity and Information Protection of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Pavlenko Evgeny , Gololobov Nikita ,   Institute of Cybersecurity and Information Protection of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Lavrova Daria ,   Institute of Cybersecurity and Information Protection of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Kozachok Andrey ,   MIREA-Russian Technological University
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article: the development of a method for recognizing cyber threats in adaptive network topologies of large-scale systems based on a recurrent neural network with a long short-term memory. Main research methods: system analysis of existing recognition methods, theoretical formalization, experiment Result: The approach showed a satisfactory efficiency of cyber threat recognition, and the results of the research made it possible to put forward proposals for the further development of this area. Scientific novelty: A model of adaptive network topology is formulated and a new way of recognizing cyber threats on the adaptive network topology of large-scale systems is proposed.
Manuel Fernández de Castro y Suero (1825-1895), director of the Commission for the Geological Map of Spain
Authors: Rábano Isabel
Published: December 2022

An updated biography of the mining engineer Manuel Fernández de Castro y Suero (1825-1895), who was the head of the Commission for the Geological Map of Spain between 1873 and 1895, is presented. Through different documentary we have approached to both his family ancestry in the Greater Antilles, and the three stages of his professional career. The first one, between the completion of engineering studies in 1845 and his departure to Cuba in 1859; the second, as head of the Cuban Bureau of Mines; and the third stage, and not less important, as director of the Commission and as senator for Cuba. Fernández de Castro became interested in the applications of electricity, patenting in 1853 a system of electrical signals for railway safety, and later formulating an “electro-telluric” theory for the formation of mineral deposits. He was the author of the first geological map of Cuba and that of an important part of the Dominican Republic. He founded, in 1873 and 1874, respectively, the first Spanish publishing series on geology: Memorias andBoletín de la Comisión del Mapa Geológico de España. His work at the head of the Commission was decisive for the institutionalization of the construction of the national geological map, as well as to ensure the administrative continuity of the organization, the current Geological and Mining Institute of Spain.
Contextos e trajetórias para a análise de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Oliveira Breynner Ricardo de , Alves Maria Michelle Fernandes , Fichter Filho Gustavo Adolf
Published: December 2022

O artigo apresenta um modelo de análise de contextos para se compreender as trajetórias de implementação de políticas públicas, fornecendo aportes teóricos e metodológicos para o campo da educação. Parte da necessidade de superação das perspectivas tradicionais que reduzem as políticas a sistemas simplificados e, para tal, considera as dimensões políticas da implementação, apresentando a noção de trajetória. Propõe cinco contextos, entrelaçados: (1) contexto das conjunturas; (2) contexto dos conteúdos da política; (3) contextos institucionais; (4) contexto das experiências; e (5) contexto dos territórios. Os contextos permitem compreender trajetórias por meio de uma cadeia transversal, fluida e dinâmica de processos de tomada de decisão, que mobiliza diversos atores, processos, saberes e práticas. Nossos resultados sugerem um modelo que considera as tensões, as contradições, os desafios, e as inflexões vinculadas à vida das políticas, de modo que as análises sejam mais densas e contextualizadas.
Chemistry of Quinolines and their Agrochemical Potential
Authors: Utreja Divya , Salotra Riddhi , Kaur Gurbir , Sharma Shivali , Kaushal Sonia
Published: December 2022

Human population is increasing at an alarming rate which indirectly imposes
pressure on agriculture and food supply. However, crop production is reduced by pathogenic
infections which have engrossed the attention of chemists and agriculturists to develop newer
agrochemicals with improved characteristics. Quinoline, one of the nitrogen-containing
heterocyclic compound act as a privileged scaffold in the designing of highly efficient drugs
due to their chemical and biological diversity. It has gained significant attention for several
years due to its broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-microbial,
anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-plasmodial, and anti-protozoal etc. The depiction of varied
biological activities of quinoline impelled us to outlook the progress of synthesis and agrochemical
potential of numerous quinoline derivatives with well-known and typical examples
from 2015 to 2021. The review focuses on the advancement in the synthesis of quinoline derivatives and
their agrochemical potential. This review revealed that abundant work has been done in order to synthesize quinoline
derivatives and were evaluated for their agrochemical potential using different methods. The information
given in this article may be helpful to the researchers to analyze the already reported studies and explore new
compounds for the development of efficient agrochemicals.
Synthesis of 5-membered Heteroaryl-substituted Benzyloxy-benzaldehydes by the
Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Bölcskei Hedvig , Andrea Német-Hanzelik , Keglevich György
Published: December 2022

In medicinal chemistry, benzyloxy-benzaldehyde is a valuable intermediate, to which the attachment of a five membered heterocycle may be advantageous from the point of view of drug design. The starting iodo-benzyloxy-benzaldehydes were synthesized by the O-benzylation of o-, m- and p-hydroxybenzaldehydes with 2-, 3- and 4-iodobenzylbromides in refluxing acetone or acetonitrile in the presence of potassium carbonate and potassium iodide. Starting from the corresponding iodo-benzyloxy-benzaldehydes, the Suzuki-Miyaura carbon-carbon cross-coupling reaction was utilized to get five membered heteroaryl-substituted benzyloxy-benzaldehydes. Various methods for Suzuki cross-coupling were studied. The applied boronic acids were 2- and 3-thiophene-boronic acids, as well as 2- and 3-furan-boronic acids. The reactions were followed by TLC and HPLC-UV-MS analysis. The products were purified by column chromatography. The original Suzuki method comprising NaOEt/EtOH, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, in toluene was applied only in a few cases, resulting in poor yields. In several cases, the Suzuki coupling of substituted aryl iodides with 2-furanboronic acid failed to result in the formation of the expected products using the palladium acetate/tri(o-tolyl)phosphine/aqueous tripotassium phosphate/dimethoxyethan system. But reacting 3-thiophene-boronic acids with the corresponding iodo-benzyloxybenzaldehydes, this method afforded the products in 76-99 % yields. The more powerful tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/
aqueous cesium carbonate/dimethylformamide system seemed to be more successful in cases of 2-thiophene boronic acid as well as 2- and 3-furan-boronic acids, providing the desired products in 75-93% yield. Twenty-six new compounds were synthesized.
Longitudinal Assessment of Preterm Infants Treated with Erythropoiesis
Stimulating Agents
Authors: Ohls Robin K. , Lowe Jean , Yeo Ronald A. , Patel Shrena , Winter Sarah , Campbell Richard A. , Baker Shawna , Phillips John
Published: December 2022

Objective:

We previously reported improved neurodevelopment at 2 and 4 years among preterm infants treated with erythropoietin or darbepoetin, known as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). We now characterize longitudinal outcomes through 6 years.

Methods:

Children randomized to ESAs or placebo were evaluated at 6 years. Healthy-term chil-dren served as controls. Tests of cognition and executive function (EF) were performed.

Results:

Cognitive/EF scores remained similar between 4 and 6 years within each group (ESA: 43 children; placebo: 17 children; term: 21 children). ESA recipients scored higher than placebo on Full-Scale IQ (94.2 ± 18.6 vs. 81.6 ± 16.7, p = 0.022), and Performance IQ (97.3 ± 16.2 vs. 81.7 ± 15.2, = 0.005). Aggregate EF trended better for the ESA group. Term controls scored better than placebo on all measures. ESA and term controls scored similarly on cognitive and EF tests.

Conclusions:

ESA recipients had better outcomes than placebo recipients, and were similar to term children. ESAs may improve long-term cognition and executive function in preterm infants.
Fresh Frozen Plasma Administration in the NICU: Evidence-based Guidelines
Authors: Motta Mario , Guaragni Brunetta
Published: December 2022

The use of FFP in neonatology should be primarily for neonates with active bleeding and associated coagulopathy. However, since there is limited and poor-quality evidence supporting neo-natal FFP transfusion, considerable FFP usage continues to be outside of this recommendation, as documented by neonatal transfusion audits. This review updates the scientific evidence available on FFP use in neonatology and reports the best evidence-practice for the safety of neonates receiving FFP.
Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Agonists in the Management of Diabetic Patients with or without COVID-19
Authors: Mirzaei Fatemeh , Khodadadi Iraj , Majdoub Nesrine , Vafaei Seyyed Alireza , Tayebinia Heidar , Abbasi Ebrahim
Published: December 2022

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived hormone released after a meal, which alleviates hyperglycemia, increases β-cell survival, reduces body weight, and reduces inflammation. These thrilling effects motivated clinical studies to discover the potential use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in the management of T2D. GLP-1 RAs are potential anti-diabetic agents that can reduce blood pressure, glucose levels, HbA1c and, weight loss without hypoglycemia risk. This manuscript reviews the importance of GLP-1 RAs‎ and their role in the management of T2D with or without COVID-19 infection. Hence, this manuscript can help physicians and researchers to choose the most appropriate drugs for the individualized treatment of subjects.
Binary Stripe Unwrapping Based on Mean-speed Walk and Local Median
Correction for Rapid High-resolution Structured-light Range Imaging
Authors: Je Changsoo , Park Hyung-Min
Published: December 2022

Aim:

Structured light is frequently selected for efficient and accurate depth imaging, and single-frame-based methods have been presented for real-time sensing or imaging dynamic objects. However, many existing single-frame-based methods do not provide sufficient range resolution. Even those capable of sufficient range resolution mostly result in insufficient signal-to-noise ratio or depend on spatially windowed uniqueness, where a larger window makes the identification trickier.

Method:

This paper presents a novel method for rapid structured-light range sensing using a binary color stripe pattern. For accurate and reliable depth acquisition, we identify projected stripes by our stripe segmentation and unwrapping algorithms. For robust stripe detection, the color-stripe segmentation algorithm performs image upsizing, motion blurring, and color balancing. The binary stripe unwrapping algorithm consists of mean-speed walk unrolling, row-wise unrolling, and local median correction, and resolves the high-frequency color-stripe redundancy efficiently and reliably.

objective:

We provide a novel method for rapid structured-light range sensing using a binary color stripe pattern.

Result:

Experimental results show the effectiveness and reliability of the presented method.

Conclusion:

Even using an entry-level phone camera under a low-cost DLP projector produces high-accuracy results.
Caracterização física e mecânica de concretos produzidos com substituição do agregado miúdo natural por resíduos de britagem
Authors: Guimarães C. C. , Bastos M. C.
Published: December 2022

A pesquisa avaliou as propriedades de concretos produzidos pela substituição parcial e total dos agregados miúdos por resíduo de britagem da região do Recôncavo Baiano. O procedimento experimental consistiu na produção de concretos, dosado segundo o método da ABCP, visando resistência característica à compressão de 45 MPa e abatimento com tronco cônico em 90±10 mm. Foram moldados 42 corpos de prova distribuídos em três traços distintos. Um deles contendo apenas agregado miúdo natural, denominado referência (REF), outro contendo uma composição de agregado 56,5% miúdo natural e 43,5% resíduo de britagem (COMP). O último traço foi produzido com 100% de substituição do agregado miúdo natural por resíduo de britagem. Foi empregado aditivo redutor de água, fixado em 0,4%, apenas nos concretos produzidos com resíduo britagem (COMP e RBT). De forma geral, pode-se afirmar que os resíduos de britagem podem ser empregados na substituição total ou parcial do agregado miúdo na produção de concreto de cimento Portland, desde que sejam adotados cuidados durante o estudo de dosagem.
Article 10 - The good geopolitical trade actor? The European Union’s discursive justification of the Anti-Coercion Instrument
Authors: Couvreur Sjorre , De Ville Ferdi , Jacobs Thomas , Orbie Jan
Published: December 2022

Traditionally, the EU has presented itself as a normative trade actor, as opposed to other geopolitical trading powers. However, today, it is increasingly recognized that the EU is undergoing a geopolitical turn which also manifests itself in its trade policy. Yet, confusion remains regarding what a ‘geopolitical EU trade policy’ entails and how the EU sells this new perspective in its trade policy. This article contributes to the ongoing debate on this topic by investigating how the European Commission discursively justifies its geopolitical turn in trade. Methodologically, we analyze EU trade discourse with particular attention for othering strategies. Empirically, we study a most-likely case of ‘geopoliticization of trade’, namely the Commission’s initiative to launch an Anti-Coercion Instrument, by analyzing the most important EU documents covering the ACI so far and EU statements on the ACI in relevant media. We find that the Commission distinguishes a ‘defensive’ and ‘offensive’ variant of geopoliticization of trade, whereby the former is conceived as ‘good’ and pursued by the EU, while the latter is seen as ‘bad’ and employed by non-EU trading powers. This diverges from previous EU trade discourses since the 2000s, which portrayed the EU as transcending geopolitics – a normative power pursuing free trade and multilateralism – and other powers as essentially geopolitical – self-interested, protectionist, and regionalist. The EU’s new othering strategy legitimizes the EU’s geopolitical turn in trade, by simultaneously turning away from its previous, ‘naively’ normative trade discourse, while also contrasting the EU’s trade policy to the ‘offensive’ geopolitical trade from ‘bad’ trade actors.
Herramientas para afrontar amenazas multidimensionales
Authors: Arias Cortés Juan Camilo , Ramírez Orrego Carlos Daniel , Morales Barrera Gabriel José , Sierra-Zamora Paola Alexandra
Published: December 2022

El artículo describe las políticas de seguridad y defensa que deben implementar las instituciones de defensa en Colombia, con el fin de establecer los mecanismos para afrontar las amenazas multidimensionales. Al mismo tiempo, desde el método cualitativo, describe las falencias de los lineamientos de seguridad nacional del 2019, lo que permite proponer alternativas para el combate de las nuevas amenazas, a partir de los criterios que plantea el Libro Blanco de Brasil publicado en el 2012, como ejemplo de las estrategias de seguridad, que tienen que ver con el reconocimiento de la cooperación regional en asuntos fronterizos y el reconocimiento de los recursos naturales como medio de protección a la soberanía nacional. En efecto, la hidroestrategia hace parte de las nuevas políticas de defensa que requiere el Estado colombiano, para estar a la vanguardia regional en políticas públicas de defensa.
Murder Trials in the Maldives from a Therapeutic Lens
Authors: Abdul Ghafoor Ghaniya , Dziyauddin Haidar , Ahmad Nadzriah
Published: December 2022

Section 92 of the Maldives Penal Code (9/2014) reserves the capital penalty for the most serious homicides, and the law tries to reduce the imposition of capital punishment by rigidifying the procedural requirement. However, the case law demonstrates the opposite effect. This article seeks to advance therapeutic values of procedures and promote less severe punishments in murder cases by utilising knowledge from therapeutic jurisprudence and sharia. To validate the research claim, three randomly selected cases were examined. According to the findings, current court practises in murder cases do not promote therapeutic values or result in less severe punishment.
Measurement of two-photon absorption coefficient of 1030 nm ultrashort laser pulses on natural diamond color centers
Authors: Gulina Y.S.
Published: December 2022

An experimental study of nonlinear absorption process of ultrashort laser pulses in bulk of natural diamond has been carried out. The results of experimental studies on measuring nonlinear transmission of 1 mm thick plane-parallel plate made of diamond irradiated with focused by micro lens (NA=0.55 with focal length f'=5 mm) 0.3 and 10 ps laser pulses with 1030 nm wavelength are presented. It is shown that in this sample the main attenuation mechanism of ultrashort laser pulses with 1030 nm wavelength at intensities not exceeding 10 TW/cm2 is two-photon absorption at color centers, the absorption coefficient β2 =4.1 ± 0.3 cm/TW is determined. Keywords: femtosecond laser pulses, nonlinear absorption, natural diamond, multiphoton absorption, color centers.
Listen to the patients!
Identifying CML patients’ needs using AI-driven methodologies (Preprint)
Authors: Scholz Stefanie , Berns Isabell , Winkler Christian
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

To offer patients a successful therapy, various patient support programs exist. Pharmaceutical companies also increasingly see themselves in the role of actively supporting patients in their long-term therapy. For this, it is first necessary to find out and to understand the current needs of affected patients.

OBJECTIVE

This paper focuses particularly on the disease chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The central aim is to answer whether the needs of CML patients are adequately represented by current patient engagement offerings from the pharmaceutical industry. To enable this, it is first necessary to highlight the current Patient Engagement positioning of selected pharmaceutical companies; to find out whether pharmaceutical companies, their products and services play a role for CML-affected patients; and to analyze which key issues are meaningful from the patients' perspective.

METHODS

To answer the above research questions, different methodologies were used. First, the relevant pharmaceutical companies and internet forums of the indication CML were identified by means of desk research. Subsequently, the user-generated content (UGC) in the identified forums was explored using AI-driven methodologies (unsupervised Machine Learning) like Topic modelling and Topic evolution analyses. This was done by analyzing topic models and the topic evolution.

RESULTS

The desk research shows that pharmaceutical companies mainly offer information about the disease and therapy options. The study of UGC analysis confirm that pharmaceutical industry plays an important role for CML patients. Especially drugs, therapy options and clinical trials are in focus. The central topics of the patients mainly refer to the disease CML itself, to possible therapy methods and related side effects, to the dosage of the active substances and to a change of therapy, which may be necessary due to therapy failure or resistance. In addition, stem cell transplantation is addressed.

CONCLUSIONS

In general, the needs of CML patients are adequately covered by the pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, there is still a need for improvement in the education of therapy options, drugs, and their side effects. Psychological support should also not be ignored. CML patients are often dealing with clinical trial results, so earlier involvement in clinical trials is also a potential need. Further research in this area is recommended.
Fertility Preservation Techniques in Neuro-Oncology Patients: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Osborne-Grinter Maia , Bianca Offorbuike Chiamaka , Sanghera Jasleen , Kaliaperumal Chandrasekaran
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Advancements in cancer treatments have successfully improved central nervous system (CNS) cancer survivorship and overall quality of life. As a result, the awareness of the importance of fertility preservation techniques is increasing. Currently, a range of established techniques, such as oocyte cryopreservation and sperm cryopreservation, are available. However, oncologists may be hesitant to refer patients to a reproductive specialist.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of the proposed systematic review is to assess the best evidence for fertility preservation techniques used in patients with CNS cancers. It also aims to evaluate outcomes related to their success and complications.

METHODS

This protocol was produced in adherence with the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols). Electronic databases will be systematically searched to identify studies that meet our eligibility criteria. Studies will be included if they report at least one type of fertility preserving or sparing technique in male patients of any age and female patients aged <35 years. Animal studies, non-English studies, editorials, and guidelines will be excluded from the review. From the included studies, data will be extracted and synthesized by using a narrative approach and summarized in tables. The primary outcome will be the number of patients successfully undergoing a fertility preservation technique. The secondary outcomes will include the number of retrieved oocytes, the number of oocytes or embryos vitrified for cryopreservation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth. The quality of the included studies will be assessed by using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute risk-of-bias tool for any type of study.

RESULTS

The systematic review is expected to be completed by the end of 2023, and results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and on PROSPERO.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed systematic review will summarize the fertility preservation techniques available for patients with CNS cancers. Given the improvement in cancer survivorship, it is becoming increasingly important to educate patients about fertility preservation techniques. There are likely to be several limitations to this systematic review. Current literature is likely to be of low quality due to insufficient numbers, and there may be difficulty in accessing data sets. However, it is our hope that the results from the systematic review provide an evidence base to help inform the referral of patients with CNS cancers for fertility preservation treatments.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022352810; https://tinyurl.com/69xd9add

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/44825
Efektivitas Penggunaan Asam Folat Dalam Memperbaiki Luaran Fungsional Pasien Stroke Iskemik Akut
Authors: Rakasiwi Ratih , Ikawati Zullies , Setyopranoto Ismail
Published: December 2022

Hiperhomositeinemia terjadi pada pasien stroke iskemik akut dan dapat memperburuk luaran terapi karena bersifat neurotoksik. Asam folat merupakan salah satu pilihan terapi yang dapat menurunkan kadar homosistein. Studi mengenai efektivitas asam folat pada pasien stroke iskemik akut masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan asam folat dalam membantu memperbaiki luaran fungsional dan mengurangi durasi rawat inap pasien stroke iskemik akut. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasional-analitik dengan desain kohort retrospektif. Dari 168 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, diperoleh 72 pasien menerima asam folat dan 96 pasien sebagai kelompok kontrol dimana tidak menerima asam folat selama rawat inap. Efektivitas penggunaan asam folat dalam membantu memperbaiki luaran fungsional diukur menggunakan skala Modified Barthel Index (MBI) dengan membandingkan perubahan skor MBI antara kedua kelompok ketika masuk rumah sakit dan ketika evaluasi pada minggu pertama perawatan. Perubahan skor MBI pada kelompok asam folat dan kelompok kontrol masing-masing sebesar 3,03±2,79 dan 2,55±2,59 (p=0,343) dengan rerata durasi rawat inap selama 7,12±1,44 dan 7,46±1,84 hari (p=0,442). Penggunaan asam folat selama pengamatan pada minggu pertama tidak signifikan secara statistik baik dalam membantu memperbaiki luaran fungsional maupun mengurangi durasi rawat inap pasien stroke iskemik akut. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan intervensi dan pengamatan yang lebih lama hingga fase kronik (selama 3-6 bulan) perlu untuk dilakukan.
Losing Weight through Regular Exercise among Overweight/Obesity Women Aged 35-45 years
Authors: Yusni Yusni , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Razali Razali
Published: December 2022

Exercise is a simple and low-cost way to lose weight, but many people have become apprehensive to provide it. This activity aims to shift the community’s lifestyle from sedentary to active by encouraging physical activity through frequent gymnastics. Darussalam housewives gathered near the Universitas Syiah Kuala campus. There were two groups of 20 people: regular participants (n=11) and non-regular participants (n=9). Everyone in the study was between the ages of 30-45. Participants’ body weight (BW), height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured before and after treatment. Participants did 60 minutes of gymnastics modiﬁed from Zumba, Aerobic, and Salsa, 3–4 times per week, at 05.00–06.00 p.m, for 12 weeks (3 months), and without any special diet. The regular group’s average age was 35.3 years, whereas the non-regular group’s average age was 36.78 years. The results showed that 80 percent and 22.22 percent of participants in the regular and non-regular groups, respectively, lost weight. Before and after exercise, the regular group’s mean BW decreased by 3.65 kg (68.25 and 84.6 vs. 59.19 and 59.25 kg), while the non-regular group’s BW increased by 0.06 kg. The regular exercise group’s BMI dropped by 1.53 kg/m2 after gymnastics (28.45 and 26.92 vs. 27.01 and 27.01 kg/m2), while the non-regular exercise group’s BMI remained unchanged. Gymnastic movements have been modiﬁed to include Zumba, Aerobics, and Salsa, which could reduce BW and BMI. As a result, sustained exercise is required to help people reduce their risk of obesity. This practice has helped the government of the Republic of Indonesia’s eﬀorts to increase physical activity and decrease the sedentary lifestyle in the population, thereby improving societal health. Obesity in women can be treated and prevented with regular exercise.
Mangrove Forest Health Monitoring Training at KTH Lestari Indah as a Disaster Mitigation Eﬀort
Authors: Safe'i Rahmat , Aristoteles Aristoteles , Mulkhan Unang , Pratama M. Rizky , Ajijah Lis Nur , Syahiib A. Nizam , Selvira Selvira , Nabila Annisa Putri , Damayanti Risna
Published: December 2022

The importance of monitoring forest health is needed to support a sustainable forest management system. A healthy forest can be said to be still carrying out its functions. Monitoring the health of mangrove forests is helpful in an eﬀort to mitigate coastal disasters. The purpose of this service was to provide knowledge and understanding to members of KTH Lestari Indah regarding forest health. This activity was carried out on Sunday, October 24, 2021, at the mangrove forest tour, Margasari Village, Labuhan Maringgai sub-district, East Lampung Regency. The methods used in this activity were lectures and practices. Based on the evaluation results with pre-test and post-test instruments given to participants regarding the material in service activities, participants experienced an increase in knowledge of 7.13%. This increase shows a reasonably good understanding of the training participants, so this training is expected to help the community increase knowledge and participation in mangrove forest management and discovery of sustainable mangrove forests.