bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Rights and Status of Widows in Islam: A Study from the Perspective of Multicultural Islamic Education in the Context of Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmudulhassan M , Waston W , Nirwana AN Andri
Published: December 2023

One of the most discussed topics in today’s society is the issue of widows’ proper rights and status. This research paper investigates the rights and status of widows within the framework of Islamic education in the context of Bangladesh using qualitative methods. It included the Qur’an, Hadith, and various forms of research.  Islam has given them a detailed discussion of their rights and dignity just like any other woman. Widows often face unique challenges and social stigmatization in various societies, and this study focuses on understanding their rights and status as prescribed by Islamic teachings and the extent to which these teachings are implemented within the realm of Islamic education. Bangladesh government has fixed some allowance for them which is very little. No steps have been taken to increase employment to make them economically prosperous. This paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on women’s rights within an Islamic context and highlights the significance of integrating such discussions within the education system for tangible societal transformation.
The Art of Healthy Neurophilocommunication
Authors: Anurogo Dito , Sasmita Niken Sasadhara , Syarif Ubed Abdilah , Awaliah Nur Rahmah , Rachman Budhy Munawar , Jia Yi Wang (王 家儀) Jia Yi Wang
Published: December 2023

Communication in the digital age has been transformed into more complicated ways due to various mediums and platforms based on information technology and digital devices. The digital age has brought about complex changes to communication through the use of technology and digital devices. It has more threats as well as benefits and innovations. In the meantime, many people who engaged in communication don’t fully take advantages but fall into miscommunication due to lack of digital literacy. In particular, in the field of health services, the threats of digital communication would make people, for instances the patients, in danger. While it offers benefits and innovations, it also brings new threats, particularly in the field of healthcare where miscommunication can harm patients mentally and physically. The miscommunication, misunderstanding etc. would harm their health mentally and physically. To address these issues, it is crucial to explore and analyze communication from multiple perspectives using scientific approaches. Hence, thinking and research on communication is extremely important. Various scientific approaches should be applied to analyze and sharpen communication in multiple perspectives. This manuscript discusses soft-skills of communication in the field of health issues of the digital era. This study is an attempt to invent the theoretical foundation of the ways in communication throughout analytical and philosophical approaches. It is Neurophilocommunication (NPC) that comprise of thoughts in communication that could be applied in the field of health issues on digital base and platforms.This study proposes NPC, a concept combining communication and neuroscience to enhance communication in healthcare in the digital era. The goal is to establish a theoretical foundation for effective communication and to improve the health outcomes of patients.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence with Mechanisms in Robots in the Linkage of the Manufacturing Industry: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dwilaga Armando Tirta
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature by looking at the use of artificial intelligence with robotic mechanisms in the manufacturing industry. The PRISMA method approach is used in a modified framework to take into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria, one of the bases for selection is the basic understanding of artificial intelligence technology obtained from the Scopus index database only for 2020, 2021, and 2022. The results were from 1178 articles to 481 contiguous articles until the selection of 36 articles. The journal description used as the most common reference of Frontiers in Robotics and AI was used to identify these papers in more depth, the most common journal publisher was Frontiers Media S.A, Italy was the most common country of origin found, and quantitative research was the most common methodology used. Research in 2020, 2021, and even 2022 is still a fraction of what is now being discussed, but the last three years have seen significant growth in discussions on this topic, creating tremendous opportunities for additional studies.
Otium vs. Negotium as the Foundation of the Concept of Solitude in Petrarch’s Philosophical Works
Authors: CHIOREAN (TREZBURCĂ) Elena
Published: December 2023

The concept of solitude, as elaborated by Petrarch in the treatise De vita solitaria, develops on the antagonistic structure of the concepts otium and negotium. These, in turn, contain notions and intellectual approaches found both in Latin Antiquity and in the Middle Ages, which attribute to loneliness a special dynamism by joining it with several other concepts such as: will, freedom and friendship. Each historical stage has a specific approach to the notions of otium and negotium, and in this sense Petrarch’s contribution can be considered significant, even if not entirely new, because he attempts a plenary approach to the idea of solitude.
“Making Peace With Oneself”: Internal Conflict in Addictions and Its “Resolution” in Therapeutic Group Interactions
Authors: VARGA Claudia , COPOERU Ion
Published: December 2023

Counselors and therapists on addictions and recovery from addictions are employing a variety of methods and techniques to break through the wall of denial and resistance. Accordingly, new methods of research are needed in order to describe and eventually understand the phenomenon of addictions and the ways of recovery from addictions. The paper attempts to define and describe the internal conflict and the way it is brought to the surface and “resolved” (processed and eventually transformed) in therapeutic group interactions. For that, we are using a phenomenological approach to conceptualize addiction in terms of connectedness and methods inspired by the analysis of interactions in order to document the transformative experience necessary for the recovery from addiction.
Argentina en el sistema mundial desde el quiebre de los 70’s a la actualidad: política exterior, proyectos en pugna y punto de bifurcación
Authors: Merino Gabriel Esteban , Haro Sly María José
Published: December 2023

Este artículo analiza la política exterior argentina a cuarenta años de democracia, articulando los ‘modelos de desarrollo’ y proyectos políticos estratégicos en debate en relación al tipo de ‘inserción’ internacional en cada fase. El artículo se enfoca en la inserción de Argentina en la economía política internacional desde la dictadura de 1976, como bisagra de la crisis Argentina, los ciclos posteriores de neoliberalismo e interregnos de procesos nacional-desarrollistas. La investigación busca conectar los procesos estructurales de la economía mundial con los procesos de desarrollo (y subdesarrollo) de la Argentina. El artículo contribuye al análisis de la coyuntura actual del país frente a la bifurcación política-económica de mantener el status semi-periférico o profundizar la periferialización de Argentina.
Perspectivas actuales en el estudio del desarrollo temprano
Authors: Moreno-Núñez Ana
Published: December 2023

El presente monográfico introduce cuestiones relevantes que representan algunas de las preocupaciones que aborda la investigación reciente en desarrollo temprano. Ejemplos como el papel que cumplen los adultos como facilitadores de interacciones de calidad e interlocutores de los primeros intercambios con sus hijos, o la importancia de las observaciones en contextos cotidianos, sirven de escenario para analizar cómo ciertas dinámicas socio-materiales podrían contribuir al desarrollo del niño desde el inicio de la vida. Los cuatro trabajos que conforman esta colección abren un espacio de reflexión a partir de propuestas teóricas y de análisis que se dirigen a una mejor comprensión sobre cómo y a partir de qué circunstancias se construye el desarrollo del niño.
Numerical and experimental analysis of the notch effect on fatigue behavior of polymethylmethacrylate metal based on strain energy density method and the extended finite element method
Authors: Moussaoui Mustafa , Bendriss Abdelkhader , Tahiri Antar , Kellai Ahmed , Zergod Souad , Djeloud Hamza , Hachi Brahim Kalil
Published: December 2023

This work investigates the effect of the notch on fatigue behavior by combining two methods: the extended finite element method (XFEM) and the averaged strain energy density (ASED) method, which considers the combined action of bending and shear loading. The ASED method has already been proven accurate for assessing the failure of components in the presence of sharp and blunt notches, and several results are available in the literature for different materials. These results were compared with those obtained from the experimental tests reported here. The main purpose of this study was twofold: The first part is an experimental study of fatigue in rotary bending of specimens weakened by U and V notches made of polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) material. Two values for the radius were used for the U-notches (0.2 and 2 mm) and two angles for the V-notches (20° and 140°). The second part of the study consisted of performing several simulation tests using the Cast3m software for different angles and radii. The local approach based on the mean value of the ASED acted over a finite-sized volume surrounding the highly stressed regions. The maximum principal stress located at the notch edge defined the center of the control volume. If the notch is blunt, the control volume assumes a crescent shape with its width measured along the notch bisector line. When the notch is considered pointed (V-notched) or is a crack, the control volume becomes a circle with its center at the notch tip. The presence of geometric discontinuities in structures affects their lifetime by reducing it, producing a high concentration of local energy around the notch tip. Good convergence was obtained between the numerical simulation and experimental results for the ASED in a finished zone surrounding the notch tip.
Surfers’ myelopathy: a case report
Authors: Zelada-Ríos Laura , Caparó-Zamalloa César , Guevara-Silva Erik , Osorio-Marcatinco Víctor , Castro-Suárez Sheila , Meza-Vega María
Published: December 2023

Background:

As surfing gains adherents, the injuries derived from its practice become more frequent, one of which is the so-called surfer’s myelopathy (SM).

Case Presentation:

We present the case of a patient with an abrupt onset of mild back-lumbar pain, followed by paresthesia and motor involvement of both lower limbs as well as sphincter disturbance in the context of the immediate practice of an aquatic sport. Thoracic spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging showed T2 hyperintensities in the central part of the spinal cord between T8 and T12. SM is a nontraumatic spinal cord injury, of vascular etiology, caused by the prolonged hyperextension of the spine.

Conclusion:

The importance of this work lies in being one of the few in Peru addressing this pathology and the need for awareness for taking preventive measures by young athletes.
Protein Interaction Network Analysis of β-catenin to Map its Crucial Interacting Genes using Systems Biology Approach
Authors: ANDRADE PREEMA KARAL , Hanumanthappa Manjunatha , Venkataramanaiah Vijayalakshmi , Prakash Nayana
Published: December 2023

β-catenin (CTNNB1), a scaffold protein plays a vital role in embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis, neurodegenerative diseases, bone diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, wound healing, and pigment disorders. β-catenin is the crucial component in the Wnt-signaling pathway. β-catenin levels in the cytosol balances the Wnt-signaling pathway. The activated Wnt-signaling pathway allows the accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus and further act as a promoter to initiate transcription of several oncogenes responsible for carcinogenesis. In the present study, we have used systems biology approach to map β-catenin interactors. Primary protein-protein interaction databases such as PubChem, CTD, and STITCH databases were used to collect all the experimentally valid β-catenin interactors and their sub-cellular location was traced using UniProtKB database. The interactome was constructed and analyzed by utilizing STRING and Cytoscape tools. MCODE, Cytoscape tool was utilized to construct and analyze the sub-networks. Correlation between modular seed proteins and β-catenin was studied using UALCAN database. Functional enrichment analysis was done using DAVID database. Cytohubba, a Cytoscape tool was utilized to identify the top gene interactors of β-catenin. Further, expression and gene ontology of each β-catenin gene interactors were analyzed using UALCAN and CleuGO tools. The analysis reveals β-catenin interactors, TP53, EP300, RPS27A, UBC, HDAC1, SRC, AKT1, EGFR, HSP90AA1, and CREBBP as the first top gene interactors. This study uses systems biology driven approach and successful in identifying and understanding the biological roles of the top β-catenin interactors.
Thermosensitive Copolymeric PLGA-PEG-PLGA Nanomicelles of Raloxifene: Synthesis, Formulation, and In-vitro Characterization
Authors: Dave Pooja , Detroja Chetan
Published: December 2023

The objective of the present research study has been to synthesize (PLGA-PEG-PLGA), a thermolabile and biodegradable triblock copolymer. The polymer was subjected to differential evaluation using NMR, XRD, and FTIR techniques for characterization. Raloxifene, a potential therapeutic for breast cancer, exerts poor water solubility and a low fraction of bioavailability owing to its pharmacokinetic properties. The synthesized polymer was used to load raloxifene-encapsulating polymeric micelles, which were then subjected to several evaluations with the aim of improving solubility and bioavailability standards. Zeta potential for the developed formulation was approximately -0.73 mV, indicating a relatively neutral surface charge. It subsequently emerged that the sizes of the blank and raloxifene-loaded micelles were 40.18 and 42.18 nm, respectively. The drug encapsulating capacity and% drug loading capacity were determined to be 73.4 ± 0.34% and drug loading 6.04 ± 0.002% (w/w), respectively. In-vitro study illustrated a 94.37% sustained release drug profile for 120 hours. In this research study, polymeric raloxifene nanomicelles were successfully prepared to enhance solubility, bioavailability, and antitumor effect due to the smaller size of the micelles.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SOLID SELF MICROEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF AZELNIDIPINE
Authors: Prajapati Anuradha P. , Patel Pratik S. , Vadgama Neha S. , Narkhede Sachin , Luhar Shailesh , Gandhi Shivani J.
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to develop a self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for poorly soluble azelnidipine using Capryol 90 as the oil, Tween 80 as the surfactant, and transcutol-HP as the co-surfactant. A factorial design was used to optimize the formulation, and Neusilin UFL2 was used as an adsorbent to convert the liquid SMEDDS to solid SMEDDS. The optimized formulation had a particle size of 80.5nm, a transmittance of 98.2%, a zeta potential of -3.1 mV, and a polydispersibility index of 0.226. The solid SMEDDS tablet exhibited improved drug release (99.4% in 60 minutes) compared to the marketed tablet (67.09.75%) and pure drug (26.17%). This study demonstrates the potential of the SMEDDS approach to enhance the solubility and in-vitro drug release of poorly soluble drugs such as azelnidipine.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF NOVEL FAMOTIDINE PHOSPHOLIPID COMPLEX
Authors: ITTADWAR PARUL A. , Puranik Prashant K.
Published: December 2023

Famotidine is an H2 receptor antagonist belonging to the BCS Class II, characterized by low solubility and limited oral bioavailability. The current study encompasses the formulation of novel Famotidine phospholipid complex (FHC) with the aid of design of experiments (Central Composite Design) using solvent evaporation technique to overcome the disadvantages of Famotidine. To further enhance the physicochemical properties of FHC, it was incorporated into gastro-retentive floating tablets (GRDDS) using direct compression technique with sodium bicarbonate as a gas generating agent and its properties were compared to Famotidine floating tablets. The pre-compression parameters namely bulk density, tapped density, Hausner’s ratio, Carr’s compressibility index and angle of repose were evaluated and the flow properties of FHC granules were found to be better than the plain Famotidine granules. The post compression parameters namely thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content and swelling index showed better results for FHC as compared to Famotidine floating tablets. In vitro buoyancy study indicated that the floating lag time for FHC tablets (110±0.021 seconds) was higher than Famotidine tablets (36±0.033 seconds) owing to the higher molecular weight of phosphatidylcholine. But the total floating time for FHC tablets was found to be more than 18 hours and for Famotidine tablets it was ~12 hours indicating the improved residence time and buoyancy. The in vitro dissolution study depicted that the cumulative release for FHC tablets (99.84±0.058%) was enhanced 1.07 fold than Famotidine tablets (92.73±0.028%) and 1.6 fold than marketed tablet, Famocid (62.24±0.023%). When kinetic modelling was performed, Famotidine tablet followed zero order kinetics whereas FHC tablet followed Higuchi model indicating a modified and sustained release pattern. The statistical analysis for % cumulative release performed using ANOVA and Dunnett’s test showed the p value to be below 0.05 (0.0043) indicating that the analysis model was significant. An accelerated stability study was performed for a period of 6 months at 25±2°C; 60±5% RH. FHC tablets showed a better stability profile than Famotidine tablets. In conclusion, FHC gastro-retentive floating tablets showed improved flow properties, post compression properties, better drug content, improved in vitro buoyancy and enhanced cumulative release and stability profile.
Design and In-vivo Evaluation of Quercetin Nanosponges-based Buccal Tablets of Quercetin
Authors: GUJJULA PRAVEEN , PARAMESWARI ANGALA
Published: December 2023

The objective was to increase the bioavailability of quercetin by creating a controlled release formulation using nanosponges based on cyclodextrin. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design with quercetin was loaded into nanosponges using the freeze-drying process based on the early testing. The prepared nanosponges were examined after being described and made into tablets. The quercetin-loaded nanosponges have particle sizes ranging from 36.45 to 135.27 nm, encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 42.37 to 88.44%, and drug release percentages at 6 hours ranging from 53.04 to 82.64%. The Quercetin interaction with nanosponges was validated by the FTIR, DSC, and XRD investigations. The medicine released from the nanosponges buccal tablets in vitro at a rate of 99.75 percent, and stability testing showed no significant changes within six months after the nanosponges were transformed into tablets. In-vivo studies in rats showed that quercetin optimised nanosponges tablets Cmax of 6.27±0.06 ng/ml was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the pure drug's Cmax of 3.07±0.086 ng /ml. Both the nanosponges tablet formulation and the pure drug suspension had Tmax values of 4.0±0.07 and 0.5±0.08 h, respectively. The nanosponges tablet formulation had a greater AUC0-infinity(38.54±0.65 ng.h/ml) than the pure drug suspension formulation 7.84±1.08 ng.h/ml. In comparison to the pure drug, the nanosponges tablet formulation had a considerably greater AUC0-t (p<0.05). Poorly soluble Quercetin tablets developed for regulated drug delivery shown enhanced complexing ability with increased bioavailability using cyclodextrin-based nanosponges.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF LULICNAZOLE NIOSOMAL TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Patharwat Manasi , Ghosalkar Rani , Bavaskar Kedar , Jain Ashish
Published: December 2023

According to earlier research, using niosomes as drug carriers, particularly for antifungal drugs, produces greater results than using alternative carriers. Niosomes has the capacity to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic pharmaceuticals, as well as their prolonged stability in circulation. This work aimed to prepare and evaluate luliconazole niosomal gel for antifungal activity. In this study, niosomes containing luliconazole were prepared by thin film hydration technique using non-ionic surfactant (Span 60 and Tween 80) and cholesterol at different concentrations. The prepared formulations were evaluated for optical microscopy, drug entrapment efficiency, drug content, in-vitro drug release study, and stability studies. The ratio 2:1 of span 60 and cholesterol showed better results. Hence it was optimized as the final vesicle formulation. The FTIR study concluded there was no interaction between Luliconazole and any of the excipients. The niosomes gel was evaluated for various parameters of all the formulations. The 1% Carbopol 934 gel shows the best and most promising results. The niosomal gel formulation could be a useful dosage form to increase efficacy by the transdermal route. The potential of a secure and efficient therapy for difficult clinical applications is made possible by the development of niosomes with target specificity. Therefore, niosomes gel may be considered the best vesicular carrier for the effective delivery of luliconazole through the skin.
Best From Waste: Bioactivity-Guided Formulation Development From A Common Weed - Commelina benghalensis
Authors: Kansagara Pooja A. , Pandya Devang J.
Published: December 2023

Each year, tons of weeds are burned or allowed to dry throughout the world. Despite folklore claims that Commelina benghalensis can treat leprosy, fever, snake bites, jaundice, sore throats, headaches, and constipation in both humans and animals, the ubiquitous Indian plant always dies the same way every year. By creating a formulation based on the evaluation of its potential ethnomedicinal properties, the current work attempts to utilize this weed. Using solvents with increasing polarity, the complete plant was extracted once at a time. The anti-ulcer and laxative efficacy of each extract was investigated using appropriate animal models. The ethnomedicinal claims of the plant were supported by the discovery that the methanolic extract was the most bioactive, followed by the aqueous extract. Important classes of phytoconstituents such phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, steroids & triterpenoids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates were found by phytochemical screening. From the purified fraction of the most bioactive extract, many chemicals, including stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, were discovered using GC-MS. Using TLC experiments and HPTLC, a chromatographic fingerprint was created. Effervescent granules of the methanolic extract were created and tested on animal models in order to bring the research to the public for their benefit. They were found to be effective as an anti-ulcer and laxative, which was compatible with our goal to create a "Best from Waste" product.
Hypolipidemic activity of Hiptage benghlensis leaf extracts on high fat diet induced hyperlipidaemic rats
Authors: Samal Pradeep Kumar , Meena Kedar Prasad , Shree Jaya , Choudhary Rajesh
Published: December 2023

The present study was designed to evaluate the hypolipidemic effects of aqueous extract (HBAE) and ethanolic extract (HBEE) of leaves of Hiptage benghalensis by using high-fat-diet induced hyperlipidemic animal model. Albino male Wistar rats (120-150 g) were split into various groups, each of which had six individuals. Normal rats (group I) were received 0.3% Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) with standard laboratory diet, while hyperlipidemic rats (group II, III, IV, V, VI and VII) were fed high fat diet for induction of hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidaemic control group (group II) received 0.3% CMC (10 ml/kg/day), standard group (group III) received gemfibrozil (50 mg/kg/day, p.o.), HBAE groups (group IV and V) received aqueous extract of Hiptage benghalensis (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and HBEE groups (group VI and VII) received ethanolic extract of Hiptage benghalensis (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, p.o.), concurrent with high fat diet for consecutive four weeks. The HBAE and HBEE treatments led to significant (P < 0.05) reduction in serum lipids (TC, TG, LDL and VLDL) and elevation in cardio protective HDL, when compared to hyperlipidaemic rats (group II). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolic compounds and steroids, which may be attributed to observed hypolipidemic effects. The findings of the present study concluded that HBEE (200 mg/kg, p.o.) had potent hypolipidemic effects.
The antioxidative effect of esculin on lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus and cortex of C57BL/6 mice
Authors: THANGARAJAN SUMATHI , Murugan Akila , Rajavel Selvi , IPerumal Suganya S.
Published: December 2023

Heavy metal exposure to lead is associated with severe neuronal impairment through oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species. This study investigated the potential neuroprotective effect of esculin on the lead (Pb)-induced brain neurotoxicity C57bl/6 model. Four groups of mice were used for the study (control, lead acetate-treated (10 mg/kg), lead acetate and esculin (10 mg/kg +15 mg/kg) and esculin (15 mg/kg) alone treated for 14 consecutive days. Lead-induced alterations in the level of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, protein carbonyl, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity were measured in brain homogenates. Histological changes in the hippocampus and cortex were also examined. The results documented that PbAc significantly increased hippocampal and cortical lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels and decreased glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity. Histological observations of lead-induced neurotoxicity revealed severe damage and a reduction in neuronal density in the hippocampus and cortex. However, treatment with esculin rescued hippocampal and cortical neurons from PbAc-induced neurotoxicity by restoring the balance between oxidants and antioxidants and improvise motor coordination and memory activity. Esculin also attenuates the morphological damage and neuronal density in the hippocampal and cortex regions of C57bl/6 mice. Hence, the study suggests that esculin may be useful in combating lead acetate-induced neuronal injury.
Clematis erecta extract inhibits migration, invasion and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells
Authors: JASSAL REENA , Khetarpal Preeti , Kumar Suresh
Published: December 2023

Migration and invasion of breast cancer cells to distant parts of the body is a hallmark of the disease. The disease becomes difficult to manage and treat with an increased invasion by cancer cells. Some drugs kill the cancer cells but causes general cytotoxicity but no drugs are known to inhibit the invasive potential of cancer cells. Previously, the natural components have been proven to exhibit anticancer and invasive potential. Clematis erecta L. (Ranunculaceae) Leaves infusion is traditionally used to treat syphilitic, cancerous and other foul ulcers. Moreover, methanolic extract and and ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The scientific literature still lacks support for the anticancer potential of C. erecta. Therefore, it was envisaged to investigate the anticancer activities of C. erecta aerial parts on breast cancer cells. The results obtained suggest that C. erecta has anti-invasive potential on triple-negative human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Three different extracts (chloroform, methanol and water) of aerial parts of C. erecta were evaluated for their effect on the growth and migration of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Interestingly, aqueous extract inhibits cell growth by more than 50% and also inhibits migration and invasion by 40 and 50%, respectively. DNA fragmentation of extract treated cells further suggested that C. erecta has the potential to kill cancer cells.
In vitro anticancer potential of phytogenic Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles using clitoria ternatea flower extract
Authors: Naveena A. , Jeyasundari J. , Priya P. V. , Sakthi Athithan A. S.
Published: December 2023

Bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) have gained significant attention in the field of biomedical and pharmaceutical because of its tunable size, shape, high surface to volume and enhanced biological properties. In this study, we report the ecofriendly route to produce the noble (Ag-Au) bimetallic nanoparticles using aqueous flower extract of Clitoria ternatea as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized C.T-Ag-Au BNPs were characterized by using physicochemical techniques such as UV-visible, FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX analysis. The UV-visible spectra reveal the formation of homogeneous bimetallic nanoparticles by the single blue-shifted peak at 541 nm of C.T-Ag-Au BNPs. The phyto fabrication of synthesized C.T-Ag-Au BNPs was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. XRD confirms the formation of phase pure cubic Ag-Au alloy bimetallic nanoparticles with crystallite size is 14.5 nm. The surface morphology and elemental analysis of C.T-Ag-Au BNPs were examined by using SEM-EDX analysis. The synthesized C.TAg-Au BNPs were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against A549 human lung cancer cells through standard MTT assay. From this assay, green synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles induced cell apoptosis, suggesting that the synthesized C.T-Ag-Au BNPs gave best anticancer properties against lung cancer A549 cell lines.
IN-SILICO TOXICITY ASSESSMENT AND TRACE LEVEL QUANTIFICATION OF VERATRYL CHLORIDE A POTENTIAL GENOTOXIC IMPURITY IN IVABRADINE HYDROCHLORIDE USING LC-MS/MS
Authors: Patha Rajavenkata Prasad , Dasa Karunakar , Bhoomireddy Rama D. , Thumu Srinivas R.
Published: December 2023

A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was developed and validated for trace analysis of 4-(chloromethyl)-1, 2-dimethoxybenzene (Veratryl chloride) a potential genotoxic impurity in Ivabradine hydrochloride (IVB). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Poroshell 120EC C18 (50 × 3.0 mm, 2.7 μm) column using a mixture of 10 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile in isocratic elution mode at a 0.25 mL/min flow rate. A simple pre-column derivatization with di-ethylamine was employed for the derivatization of the veratryl chloride. The developed LC-MS/MS method was linear and accurate in the 1.5–10.0 ppm concentration range with r2 ˃ 0.999 and percent recoveries greater than 90%. The developed method was precise with RSD (%) of not more than 4.5%. In-silico genotoxicity and carcinogenicity potential of veratryl chloride was assessed using ICH M7 principles found to be positive. The developed method can identify and quantify veratryl chloride in IVB, hence can be applied by quality control labs of pharmaceutical industries for trace quantification.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Antitubercular, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Studies of Some Novel 3-(((1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)thio)-5H-[1,2,4] Triazino[5,6-b]indole Derivatives
Authors: Kamera Sreelatha , Sharma Vishnu Kumar , M Srivani , Garlapati Achaiah
Published: December 2023

A series of novel 3-(((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)thio)-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole derivatives (3a-3j) were synthesized by reacting different substituted 5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3-thiols with substituted (2-chloromethyl)-1H-benzo(d)imidazoles in the presence of  KOH and water in good yields. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR and mass spectrometry. The in vitro antitubercular activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv (ATCC 27294) using MABA (Microplate Alamar Blue Assay) method. Compounds 3b, 3c, and 3i showed good antitubercular activity against Mtb with MIC value of 6.25±0.00 μg/ml. Also, the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the compounds were evaluated against various bacterial and fungal strains using the two-fold serial dilution technique and most of the compounds exhibited moderate activities with MIC values in the range of 63.33±1.44 to >500
Evaluation of Effective Dose Combination of Modafinil and Caffeine for the Management of Narcolepsy against Scopolamine Induced Amnesia
Authors: Tripathi Amitabh , Chauhan Bhupendra , Sharma Vinit Kumar , MUKERJEE ALOK
Published: December 2023

To investigate the effective dose combination of modafinil and caffeine by estimating nootropic activity for the management of narcolepsy. The effective dose combination of modafinil and caffeine was determined by the evaluation of nootropic activity in male albino rats of the wistar strain. Modafinil and caffeine were administered in combination to test group 1, II and III orally, followed by scopolamine to induce amnesia. The dose of modafinil was kept constant at 50 mg/day, while the dose of caffeine was reduced gradually in all the treatment groups. Modafinil alone at a dose of 200 mg/day was used as a standard drug. Different parameters like body weight, transfer latency, and escape latency were considered for the evaluation of nootropic activity. The combinational index was determined by the method of Chou-Talalay. The result indicates that the reduction in escape and transfer latency (p<0.001 respectively) of group VI (modafinil at a dose of 50 mg/day with caffeine at a dose of 30 mg/day) was evident as compared to the negative control group on day 28. The evaluation of the effective dose combination of modafinil and caffeine for the management of narcolepsy against scopolamine-induced amnesia demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive performance, as indicated by reduced escape and transfer latency levels.
Neuroprotective Activity of Premna Latifolia on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Neuropathy in Rats
Authors: Jeedi Neelakanth M. , Nimbal Shrishail K. , Patil Santosh B.
Published: December 2023

The leaves of plant Premna latifolia Lam. traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes and related complications. Presently ethanolic extract of leaves of plant Premna latifolia explored for the neuroprotective potential in rat model of Streptozotocin induced diabetic neuropathy. Streptozotocin was administered 60 mg/kg body weight by the route intra-peritoneal to induce experimental diabetes, then treatment were not given for two weeks to develop diabetic complications. After two weeks of induction, animals treated with extract 100 and 200mg/kg per day for the duration of five weeks. Neuroprotective effect was evaluated by eddy's hot plate and tail immersion. Also by measuring blood sugar and cytokines that cause inflammation likes interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, and nerve growth factor in sciatic nerve. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione and activity levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase measured in the sciatic tissue. Extract normalizes blood glucose in diabetic neuropathy rats brought on by streptozotocin. The diabetic neuropathy rats show significant reductions in the paw licking or jumping time and tail withdrawal time. In these rats pro-inflam­matory cytokines level in sciatic nerve was significantly high. In addition, the oxidative stress bio-markers level altered significantly in sciatic nerve tissue. Diabetic neuropathy developing rats treated with extract for five weeks reduce the levels of nerve growth factor, oxidative stress indicators, and pro-inflammatory cytokines rise in the sciatic nerve tissue. Ethanolic extract of Premna latifolia possesses neuroprotective action in STZ-induced diabetic neuropathy.
Computer-Assisted Design of benzoisoxazol derivatives inhibitors of Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) with Favorable Pharmacokinetic Profile
Authors: KOUADJA Rika Justin , MOUSSE Logbo Mathias , KOUMAN Koffi Charles , NSANGOU Mama , MEGNASSAN EUGENE
Published: December 2023

We performed a Relation Computed-Aided design based on the structure of benzo[d]isoxazol derivatives inhibitors (BDIO) derivatives, new potent inhibitors of the BRD4 protein. By using in situ modifications of the three Dimensional (3D) models of BRD4-BDIOx complex (Protein Data Bank (PDB) entry code: 5Y8Z) were prepared for the training and validation sets compounds of 29 BDIOx with observed inhibitory potencies (). We first built a Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) model in the gas phase, linearly correlating the calculated enthalpies of the BRD4-BDIOx complex formation with   ( ;  = 0,80) first and then a superior QSAR model was brought forth, correlating computed relative Gibbs’ free energies of complexation and  (  = -0.1205 + 6.9374 ;  = 0.96) which was then validated by a 3D-QSAR pharmacophore generation model (PH4) (  = 0.996 + 0.0554 ;  = 0.95). The structural information of the active conformation of the training set BDIOs from the models guided us in the design of a virtual combinatorial library (VCL) of 99 225 analogs. We then filtered the VCL by applying Lipinski’s rule-of-five, in order to identify new BDIOs drug likely analogs. The Pharmacophore (PH4)-based screening retained 106 new and potent BDIOs with predicted inhibitory potencies  up  to 158 times more active than the most active traing set BDIO1 ( ). Finally, the predicted pharmacokinetic profiles of the best potent of these new analogs ( ) were compared to current orally administered anticancer drugs. This computational approach, which combines molecular mechanics and the Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) implicit solvation theory, the pharmacophore model, the analysis of BRD4-BDIOs interaction energies, the in silico screening of VCL compounds, and the inference of ADME properties resulted in a set of new suggested BRD4 inhibitors for the fight against CRPC.
In-silico Design of Potent Anti-Tubercular Agents Containing Isatinylthiosemicarbazone Pharmacophore
Authors: Raut Kunal G. , Kothawade Sachin N. , Pande Vishal V. , Wagh Vaibhav S. , Bole Sandesh S. , Sumbe Rajashri B.
Published: December 2023

A recent study reveals that Isatinylthiosemicarbazone analogues inhibit mycobacterial growth by inhibiting the Isocitrate Lyase (ICL). Hence Two-dimensional (2D), Three-dimensional (3D), and Group QSAR (GQSAR) studies were performed to reduce the amount of pharmacophore needed to make effective ICL inhibitors. New Chemical Entities (NCEs) were created based on the findings of all QSAR studies. It was discovered that QSAR models produced noticeably positive statistical findings. i.e. (r2 > 0.7), cross-validation (q2 > 0.6), and external validation (pred_r2 > 0.6), indicating high predictability of all models. Utilizing molecular docking studies, the binding affinities of designed NCEs were investigated for the ICL enzyme (PDB code: 1F8M). The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties of designed NCEs were expected to have a pharmacokinetic profile similar to their drug. Overall, it is important to state that the methodology used for pharmacophore optimization using 2D, 3D, G-QSAR, and Molecular Docking ADMET research works was discovered to be extremely accurate.
A Quantitative Approach for the Determination of Elemental Impurities in Zinc Orotate Dihydrate Drug Substance by ICP-MS Method
Authors: B Sivagami , G Gurupriya , Raju Chandasekar , M Niranjan Babu
Published: December 2023

These days elemental impurities are commonly present in active pharmaceutical ingredients, raw materials, during synthesis of compounds, drug excipients, finished products, equipment, container and closures. ICPMS is one of the advanced techniques to analyse elemental impurities in drug substances. An ICP-MS method was developed and validated for testing 17 elements, namely, V, Co, Ni, As, Se, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl and Pb in zinc orotate dihydrate. The samples were analysed after diluting with concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid. Li, Y, Tl, Co & Ce were assigned tuning solution to correct the baseline drift and matrix interference. The RF power was 1550 W, RF matching was 1.80 V, sample depth was 8.0 mm, nebulizer gas flow was 1.01 L/min, nebulizer pump flow was 0.10 rps, spray chamber temperature 2o C, He flow rate was 4.3 ml/min and the energy discrimination rate was 3.0 V.  All 17 elements exhibited excellent linearity in their testing range, with a coefficient of determination ≥ 0.9996. The limits of detection of the 17 elements were within the range of 0.0004–0.00411ppm. The intra- and inter-day precision (relative standard deviation) was < 6.4%. The recoveries of the spiked standard for all elements were 88.5–108.2%. Among the17 elements of the zinc orotate dihydrate, the measured results of all the 17 elements were within the specified range, and the results of the all the elements were also satisfactory. The developed method was simple, rapid, and effective. This method can be a powerful tool and imperative technology for the quantification of compounds in drug substances and pharmaceutical industries.
Identification of Serotonin Transporter Inhibitors from Selected Marine Alkaloids: A Molecular Docking and ADME Study
Authors: Razvi Ummehani A. , Kamble Laxmikant H.
Published: December 2023

One of the common mental illnesses that affect people worldwide is depression. It can impact people from all backgrounds and age groups. Despite having medications for depression very few people respond to it in efficient manner. Currently used antidepressants show side effects like urine retention, nausea, weight gain, cardiovascular disorders, etc. To eradicate these side effects natural compounds are being evaluated for their therapeutic potentials. Metabolites obtained from marine organisms possess diverse beneficial effects. Wide variety of sponges, corals, seaweeds contains compounds with magical properties to heal mental disorders. This study demonstrates molecular docking of serotonin transporter (SERT) with some marine alkaloids. Results generated from PyRx virtual screening software shows that out of thirteen selected alkaloids only Gelliusine A have higher binding affinity than prescribed antidepressant Paroxetine. According to SwissADME, most of the selected alkaloids showed better Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) properties. But Gelliusine A has low gastrointestinal absorption and does not cross Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Further optimization and experimental investigations of these compounds are needed to enhance their properties to become better antidepressants against reuptake of serotonin.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax as an early manifestation of Influenza A (H1N1) in a pediatric patient: a case report
Authors: Almeida Thomas , Bucater Raisa , Pires Thalia , Anbar Isabela , Botelho Fernanda
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE: To report on a case of a child with influenza subtype A H1N1 who exhibited a spontaneous pneumothorax as an initial manifestation of the illness. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 8-year-old male patient experienced a dry cough in the 24 hours prior developed dyspnea, productive cough, tachypnea, tachycardia, and subcutaneous emphysema. Upon admission to the emergency ward, the patient was tachycardic with bilaterally palpable subcutaneous emphysema in the thoracic wall, was reliant on an oxygen mask, and experienced drops in arterial oxygen saturation. Chest and lung examinations revealed coarse crackles, expiratory wheezing, and suprasternal retraction. Patient received a corticosteroid, a bronchodilator, and an antibiotic. Imaging exams revealed bilateral pneumothoraces and bilateral subcutaneous emphysema. Patient was hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Bilateral chest drainage was installed; intubation and mechanical ventilation were initiated. On the sixth day after admission, the test for A/H1N1 came back positive. Patient was released from the Pediatric ICU on the ninth day and was released from the hospital the following day without symptoms. COMMENTS: A pneumothorax as an early manifestation of A/H1N1 is a rare occurrence in children. This case reflects the need for broader differential diagnostic options in children with spontaneous pneumothoraces.
Epidemiology of prematurity and related comorbidities in very low birth weight preterm newborns
Authors: Gmack Juliana , Ramos João , Venzon Paulyne , Silva Regina
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE: To describe the major epidemiological features of prematurity, risk factors, prevalence of comorbidities, death and survival rates in very low birth weight newborns. METHODS: Transversal study with rectrospective data collection from medical charts of 616 premature and very low birth weight newborns admitted to Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR (CHC-UFPR) between August 2008 and August 2018. It was studied comorbidities prevalence, survival rate and factors related to mortality. For all statistical tests, it was considered a 5% level of significance. RESULTS: The average gestational age (GA) was 28.2 ± 2.9 weeks and the average birth weight (BW) was 997.4 ± 279.9 grams. The population with GA < 28 weeks (42.5%) had a greater need for neonatal resuscitation and ventilatory support and a higher prevalence of the following diseases: respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hemorrhage, peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and early-onset neonatal sepsis. The main comorbidities associated with an increased risk of death were (p <0.05): RDS (OR: 4,04), pulmonary hemorrhage (OR: 5,21) and PIVH (OR: 3,32). The reduction in survival rate was associated with lower values ??of GA and BW, as well as the presence of respiratory and neurological comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: Extremely premature newborns have a higher prevalence of comorbidities and neonatal complications. Low birth weight, morbidities of the respiratory and neurological systems were the main factors associated with increased mortality.