bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AN INFRARED EMITTER WITH A CORNER REFLECTOR ON A PLATE UNDER CONDITIONS OF NATURAL CONVECTION
Authors:   Space Rocket Center ", Kulikov Dmitriy ,   Progress", Moiseev Viktor ,   Space Rocket Center "Progress", Artemeva Alexandra ,   Space Rocket Center "Progress"
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of work on the creation and development of a numerical thermal infrared radiator based on a tubular halogen lamp KGT-220-1300, used during thermal vacuum tests of spacecraft. To develop a model and solve the problem of radiant-conductive-convective heat transfer, the Thermal Model Generator software was used. The analysis of temperature fields was carried out using a thermal imaging camera. Variants of calculations for the functioning of the radiator at different values of the supply voltage are performed. The results of mathematical modeling using band approximation of the properties of the system elements together with the Monte Carlo method in solving the problem of heat exchange by radiation of the incandescent body-quartz bulb-reflector system have shown high efficiency. The reliability of the developed model is considered in the context of an experiment conducted to measure temperature fields on a plate, which acts as an object of control interacting with radiation, and a thermal imaging camera is an instrument of thermal control. The availability of such a model at the disposal of developers of spacecraft thermal regime systems is an important step in a comprehensive work aimed at conducting end-to-end mathematical modeling of spacecraft thermal regimes, and will also allow it to be used for design calculations of radiation simulators.
DESIGN OF A THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEM WITH A TWO-PHASE CIRCUIT FOR A SPACECRAFT WITH A CAPACITY OF UP TO 15 kW
Authors:   JSC «“Information Satellite Systems” named after academician M.F. Reshetnev”», Shilkin Oleg , Kishkin Aleksandr ,   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technologies, Zuev Aleksandr ,   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technologies, Delkov Aleksandr ,   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technologies, Shevchenko Yulia ,   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technologies
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a methodological approach to the design of a spacecraft thermal control system with coolant pumping with a cooling capacity of up to 15 kW. Two variants of constructions are considered. A thermal and mass-energy analysis of the thermal control system for an automatic spacecraft with active coolant pumping using the heat of the phase transition is carried out. Structurally, the thermal control system consists of a two-phase circuit and axial heat pipes. Sequential laying of a circuit for heat collection is impractical, as it leads to excessively large diameters of steam paths. It is required to consider either a scheme with parallel laying of steam mains, or a variant with a central two-phase bus and autonomous circuits for heat collection / removal. The proposed layout of the thermal control system with two-phase circuit and active pumping of the coolant with a capacity of up to 15 kW provides for the necessary area of the radiation panels. Two variants are considered: with a central heat bus and with a parallel connection of the evaporation line. The results of the analysis show a mass acceptance of the two-phase thermal control system with a central reserved bus. The reliability parameter for the first option is also higher, since it has full redundancy of the central heat bus. In the second option, it is difficult to reserve the contour. The advantage of the second option is a lower thermal resistance during heat transfer from the equipment, therefore, large estimated reserves for the temperature of the equipment seats.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPRESSOR IMPELLER CONFIGURATION ALGORITHM
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Pechenina Ekaterina , Bolotov Mikhail ,   Samara National Research University, Pechenin Vadim ,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

The article addresses the improvement of compressor impeller configuration methods. One of the key parameters of compressor blade assembly quality is the uniform tension in the blade shroud joint. The authors have developed an algorithm for arranging the blades in the compressor impeller, which allows reducing the tension and ensures its uniform distribution. The algorithm kernel is based on a mathematical model developed for calculating shroud tension areas on the suction side and pressure side based on controlled deviations of the airfoil and shroud. The computed areas are used to sort the blades by the increasing tension area on the suction side and the decreasing one on the pressure side. At the final stage, the blades are ar-ranged by their successive choice from among two rows and each next blade from the rows is installed in the casing, next to the pre-installed blades, with the change in the bypass direction. The algorithm is written in Python; 1,000 computing experiments were made to simulate the deviation of the parameters for 84 blades in the set. The algorithm function was compared to the arbitrary arrangement of the blades. As a result, the root-mean-square deviation of the originating tensions decreased from 0.54 mm2 to 0.132 mm2.
EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO MICROWAVE RADIATION ON MECHANICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC BASED ON HIGH MOLECULAR TECHNICAL POLYMER ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Nurullaev Ergash
Published: February 2023

The effect of microwave monitoring of the development and mechanical characteristics of poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) plastic has been studied, and the calculated effect of microwave absorption measurement has been carried out. It is shown that with the desire to develop the microwave development of the ability to deform almost twice from 1.2 % for the original sample to 2.7 % for the sample exposed to microwave radiation, i.e. the material becomes more flexible. At values of thermal energy of microwave radiation absorbed by poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) plastic from 0 to 750 · 108 J/m3, the rupture stress gradually decreases and, with a further increase to 1560 · 108 J/m3, increases to practically the values for the original sample. An assumption is made that microwave radiation leads to a change in the structure and mechanical characteristics of the material under study as a result of exposure to oxygen from the air.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND NUMERICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE DURABILITY OF RADIAL WHEEL TURBOMACHINES
Authors:   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky, Repetckii Oleg , Cuong Hoang Dinh ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky
Published: February 2023

The radial blade discs are nominally designed to be cyclically symmetrical. But the vibration characteristics of all the ra-dial blades on the disc are slightly different due to manufacturing tolerances, variations in material properties and wear during operation. These small changes break the cyclic symmetry, break the pairs of eigenvalues and affect the durability of the radial impellers of turbomachines. In further work, the designs of such systems may fail before the estimated resource or service life. Therefore, when designing, manufacturing, and operating turbomachines, it is necessary to understand the effect of parameter mistuning to manage the resource and ensure the required level of strength, reliability, and durability of radial turbomachines. This study proposes a technique for mathematical modeling and prediction of high-cycle fatigue life of radial wheels tur-bines, taking into account dynamic loading. Numerical assessment of durability was performed on the example of a radial wheel with 10 blades manufactured by Schiele (Germany). The results were obtained when calculating the dynamic load in the MATLAB program and high-cycle fatigue in the ANSYS program.
LIGHTNING-PROTECTIVE COATINGS FOR AIRCRAFT ENGINE NACELLES MADE OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS. PART 2. ADVANCED DETONATION TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLYING A LIGHTNING-PROTECTIVE COATING
Authors:   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Sazhenkov Aleksei , Vaganov Vladislav ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Osokin Vladimir ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sazhenkov Nickolai ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Ulyanitskiy Vladimir ,   Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The present paper contains results of trying the detonation technology of applying a lightning-protective coating and the results of testing the lightning resistance of samples of structurally similar elements of a nacelle made of polymer composite materials and coated using this technology. A lightning-protective coating was sprayed on samples of structurally similar elements of a nacelle made of carbon fiber prepreg VKU-25. The coating was applied using the CCDS2000 detonation computerized complex developed by the Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Copper, bronze and aluminum were used as materials for the lightning-protective coating. The thickness of the applied metallized layer was varied from 10 to 20 microns, this providing an extremely low specific gravity of lightning protection at the level of 0.087–0.178 kg/m2 for copper and bronze; 0.027–0.054 kg/m2 for aluminum. Samples with and without lightning-protective coating were tested with a simulated lightning discharge according to the requirements of aviation standards AP-25, including components related to lightning-hazardous zones 1A, 2A, 1B. The combi-nations of components complied with the qualification requirements of KT-160G. According to the results of tests on the lightning resistance of samples made of the VKU-25 carbon fiber prepreg, the functional operability of the detonation technology for any lightning-hazardous zone of the nacelle according to AP-25 has been demonstrated. No through destruction of carbon fiber was found in samples with detonation spraying. Samples without lightning-protective coating turned out to be non-resistant to the lightning current exposure. The tried detonation technology has the technical potential to reduce (up to 3 times) the specific gravity of the conduc-tive layer of the lightning-protective coating used in the engine polymer nacelles of commercially operated aircraft engines.
PROPULSION SYSTEMS OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES ON GRANULATED SOLID FUEL
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Elkin Andrey , Gubin Roman ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Malinin Vladimir ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

The paper considers the use of a granulated solid fuel engine as a propulsion system for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which will be able to solve different kinds of problems in extreme conditions (extreme temperatures and low oxygen content). Vari-ous schemes of propulsion system using granulated solid fuel have been developed and proposed: gas turbine and rocket-turbine engines (screw and jet type). The optimality criteria for the granular solid fuel are determined. The fuel components of the engine have been selected. The compositions of granular fuel based on ammonium perchlorate and polybutadiene with terminal hydroxyl substances have been studied. In accordance with the optimality criteria, a composition using HTPB 37 % was selected for calcula-tions. The fuel parameters correspond to the optimality criteria (combustion temperature 1270 K, gas constant 457 kJ/(kgK), the density which is taking into account the porosity 930 kg/m3, k-phase 3 %. The calculation of the scheme of a gas turbine engine is made. The operating ranges of the parameters of the propulsion system are determined, such as: the ratio of air consumption to fuel (from 12.5 to 27.5), temperatures in the afterburning zone (1600–1100 K), specific power (3500–4300 kW / (kg / s)), efficiency (25–28 %), specific fuel consumption (0.83–1.06 kg/(kWh)). A gas turbine engine powered by granulated fuel is inferior to a modern piston engine in terms of specific fuel consumption (0.83 versus 0.58). However, a gas turbine engine on granulated fuel is signifi-cantly superior to a piston engine in terms of fuel consumption by 16% and efficiency by 1.8 times. An unmanned aerial vehicle powered by granulated solid fuel operates in extreme conditions with sufficiently high efficiency parameters.
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF THE DRY FRICTION DAMPER FOR THE GAS TURBINE ENGINE GEAR WHEEL. PART 2
Authors:   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Yakovkin Vadim , Pishchalnikov Aleksandr ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Sokolov Ilya ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Nikhamkin Mikhail ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sazhenkov Nikolay ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

There are some methods to improve vibration strength of the gas turbine engine bevel gearwheels by using the dry friction dampers capable of damping resonance vibrations and operate under extreme conditions. The effectiveness of these dampers depends significantly on an adjustment of their mass-stiffness properties, pressure and other parameters. It is required to under-stand the damper operation laws to make a right choice of the parameters during designing, and that could be addressed by test simulations. This paper provides an acceptability assessment of a mathematical model based on the Coulomb friction linearisation in a damper-to-gearwheel contact within the gas turbine engine. Bevel gearwheels have a complex dimensional mode configuration in the damper contact area, therefore a calculation analysis of dynamic behavior of the linearised gearwheel-damper system was carried out from the nominal contact parameters, such as contact fit, stiffness of the normal elastic members in the contact. It is concluded that the damper slipping and the surface roughness are proportional. The stable solution limits have been defined to minimise the unknown parameters effect on the calculation result when adjusting the damper. The research results are used when adjusting the damper for the aircraft engine gearwheel. The strain-gauging test data were compared to the calculation results for the engine damped gearwheel, an acceptable convergence on damping has been obtained.
O debate recorrente sobre o fim do trabalho com o desemprego tecnológico
Authors: MOLLO MARIA DE LOURDES ROLLEMBERG , ACYPRESTE RAFAEL
Published: February 2023

RESUMO O artigo analisa uma questão recorrente sobre a perda de centralidade do trabalho com as inovações tecnológicas e o trabalho imaterial, tanto do ponto de vista teórico quanto empírico. Teoricamente discute a centralidade do trabalho tanto com relação à teoria do valor-trabalho como forma de dominação social no capitalismo, quanto no que se refere aos limites do desemprego tecnológico neste modo de produção. Empiricamente o artigo apresenta dados mundiais e da economia brasileira sobre as principais causas do desemprego, comparando-as com o desemprego tecnológico.
Análisis de costo-efectividad de los cuidados paliativos a pacientes oncológicos de fin de vida
Authors: Lamfre Laura , Hasdeu Santiago , Coller María , Tripodoro Vilma
Published: February 2023

En pacientes con enfermedad terminal, los servicios de cuidados paliativos domiciliarios pueden alinear sus preferencias de cuidado en domicilio con resultados sanitarios deseables. El objetivo fue estudiar la costo-efectividad de los cuidados paliativos domiciliarios en pacientes oncológicos en el último año de vida en el subsector público de salud de una provincia argentina. Se desarrolló un modelo de Markov de costo-efectividad desde una perspectiva social y del financiador de salud, de modo que el mismo pudiera reflejar la realidad de los cuidados paliativos domiciliarios en el ámbito local, en comparación con los cuidados habituales. Se calcularon los costos directos para el sistema de salud, con base en información local, así como también los costos indirectos de los cuidados informales no remunerados. La provisión de cuidados paliativos incrementó en un 10,32% la probabilidad que los pacientes fallezcan en el hogar, en relación con los cuidados habituales, con un ahorro anual de USD 750 y USD 1.012 por paciente desde la perspectiva social y del financiador, respectivamente, en el subsector público de salud de Río Negro. Tanto desde la perspectiva social como del financiador, la estrategia de implementación de un servicio organizado de cuidados tiene una mayor efectividad, medida en porcentaje de pacientes que fallecen en su domicilio, a un menor costo. El principal inductor de costos corresponde, desde la perspectiva social, a los cuidados informales provistos por las familias, mientras que desde la perspectiva del financiador corresponde a los salarios del personal de salud.
Estimativa da incidência de câncer no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, a partir de dados reais
Authors: Luizaga Carolina Terra de Moraes , Buchalla Cassia Maria
Published: February 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a viabilidade de aplicação do método de estimativa da incidência de câncer nas regiões do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, a partir de dados reais (ou seja, não estimados), e comparar, retrospectivamente, os resultados obtidos com as estimativas oficiais. Utilizou-se método baseado na mortalidade e nas razões de incidência e mortalidade (I/M), segundo sexo, idade e localização do tumor. No numerador da I/M, utilizaram-se casos novos de câncer dos registros populacionais de Jaú e São Paulo de 2006 a 2010; no denominador estão os óbitos de 2006 a 2010 nas respectivas áreas, extraídos do sistema de mortalidade nacional. As estimativas resultaram da multiplicação das I/M pelo número de óbitos por câncer em 2010 em cada região. Dados populacionais do Censo Demográfico de 2010 foram usados para o cálculo de taxas de incidência. Para o ajuste por idade, utilizou-se a população padrão mundial. Calculamos diferenças relativas entre as taxas brutas de incidência estimadas neste estudo e as oficiais. As taxas de incidência de câncer ajustadas por idade foram de 260,9/100 mil em homens e de 216,6/100 mil em mulheres. O câncer de próstata foi o mais incidente no sexo masculino, e no feminino o câncer de mama. As diferenças entre as taxas deste estudo e as oficiais foram de 3,3% e 1,5% em cada sexo. A incidência estimada mostrou-se compatível com o perfil estadual apresentado oficialmente, indicando que a aplicação de dados reais não alterou o perfil de morbidade, mas indicou a magnitudes de riscos distintos. Apesar da super representatividade do registro de câncer de maior cobertura populacional, o método selecionado mostrou-se viável para apontar diferentes padrões intraestaduais.
Lei, para que te quero? Dados comparativos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) sobre acesso a cigarros por adolescentes
Authors: Szklo André Salem , Bertoni Neilane
Published: February 2023

Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil obteve importantes avanços no combate à epidemia de tabaco. No entanto, dados recentes nacionais apontam para uma provável estagnação na queda da iniciação ao tabagismo entre jovens e adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução no tempo do cumprimento da lei que proíbe a venda de cigarros para menores de idade no Brasil. Para tal, utilizaram-se os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar das edições de 2015 e 2019. Foram estimadas proporções para indicadores “sequenciais” criados da combinação das respostas às perguntas “alguém se recusou a lhe vender cigarros?” e “como conseguiu seus próprios cigarros?”. Houve uma queda, entre 2015 e 2019, na proporção de fumantes entre 13 e 17 anos que tentaram comprar cigarros nos 30 dias anteriores à pesquisa (72,3% vs. 66,4%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). Contudo, independentemente do ano da pesquisa, cerca de 9 em cada 10 adolescentes fumantes tiveram sucesso em alguma tentativa de compra de cigarros. Desses, aproximadamente 7 em cada 10 utilizaram a compra ativa como a principal modalidade de acesso ao cigarro, sendo que a respectiva compra em estabelecimentos comerciais autorizados (vs. com ambulantes) aumentou entre 2015 e 2019 (81,1% vs. 89,6%; valor de p ≤ 0,05). Em 2019, 70% dos adolescentes que compraram cigarros em estabelecimentos comerciais autorizados realizaram a compra avulsa. O descumprimento de leis voltadas à prevenção da iniciação ao fumo é um enorme obstáculo para a redução da proporção de fumantes. O fortalecimento das ações legislativas e de fiscalização, aliado a ações educativas e de sensibilização junto aos varejistas, é fundamental para proteger as novas gerações quanto aos efeitos nocivos do uso do tabaco.
WHAT IS THE KNOWLEDGE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS ABOUT SCOLIOSIS?
Authors: DIAS ANDERSON ALVES , CUNHA MARCOS VINICIUS LAZARINI DA , GAIA LEONARDO FRANCO PINHEIRO , OLIVEIRA NÍCOLAS SANTOS DE , GASPARINI ANDRÉA LICRE PESSINA , WALSH ISABEL APARECIDA PORCATTI DE , BERTONCELLO DERNIVAL
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about scoliosis in teachers of municipal public schools. Methods: In total, 126 professionals were interviewed using a standard questionnaire containing issues related to scoliosis. Results: 31% of interviewees did not know what scoliosis is. Of those who knew 89.65% were partially correct about the definition. Of those who claimed to know how the scoliosis diagnosis is made, only 25.58% were completely correct. When questioned about the Adams test, 84.9% did not know it. Among the interviewees, 57.9% answered that it is impossible to identify scoliosis by a simple examination of their students and, off these, 86.3% stated the lack of knowledge about the subject; and 92.1% considered that training for the diagnosis and early identification of scoliosis in students. Conclusion: This study holds social impact since the interviewed teachers were not knowledgeable about the subject and had difficulty in providing a definition of the condition and in how to proceed with the investigation. Continuous education activities and the inclusion of this subject on the curricula of teacher education programs would improve the early diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis, with high success rates. Level of Evidence IV, Economic and Decision Analyses.
EFFECTS OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON KNEE JOINT PAIN
Authors: ROCHA CLEYTON CHAVES DA , PINHEIRO RAFAEL SOUZA , PAVAN IANN ALAS , SAITO REGINA YUMI , COSTA PEDRO PEREIRA DA , CUNHA HINGRYD EMMYLLY FERREIRA
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that by 2025 about 2.3 billion adults will be overweight, with more than 700 million obese. Obese patients with joint pain and reduced physical function represent a challenging group to treat effectively. Objective: To evaluate patients undergoing bariatric surgery and the implications of this surgery on knee joint pain and to conduct anamnesis and apply specific questionnaires to deepen the discussion and elucidate the knee joint symptoms related to obesity. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study with tabulation and analysis of collected data. Results: We obtained a significant result when comparing knee pain pre and post-surgery, in which pain increased by 15.8%. Conclusion: Although worsening or maintenance of pain may occur, this fact is associated to factors such as the increase of functional activities of a joint that was previously in disuse and the loss of muscle mass as a sustainer. We concluded that the improvement of joint pain complaints were mainly due to the reduction of joint overload. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
Using the analytic hierarchy process to elicit patient preference in the evaluation of first-line treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Valle Paula Medeiros do , Vianna Cid Manso de Mello , Mosegui Gabriela Bittencourt Gonzalez , Lima Idoaldo José de , Leal Magda Conceição Gomes Falcão , Oliveira Fabiano Saldanha Gomes de
Published: February 2023

Abstract Background The many combinations of chemotherapeutic agents and biologicals available in the Brazilian National Health System for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer require analysis that contribute to decision making. Objective The study’s primary aim was to evaluate the first-line treatment of HER2- overexpressing metastatic breast cancer from the Brazilian Unified Health System perspective using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Method The treatment options evaluated were (a) pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and docetaxel, and (b) trastuzumab in combination with docetaxel. Using the hierarchical analytical method, medical oncologists compared the relevance of five predefined criteria: overall survival, response to treatment, adverse events, cost- effectiveness, and budget impact. Results The therapeutic scheme considered more appropriate by the model was pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and docetaxel. The most sensitive criteria were adverse events, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact. The results suggest that the classification has a close relationship with the perspective of healthcare professionals participating in the questionnaire. Conclusion Defining the treatment of an incurable disease associated with a short survival time and high-cost treatment options necessitates complex decision-making. MCDA allows the weighting of criteria and considering criteria that would be difficult to measure in other methods, such as cost-effectiveness. These aspects differ from economic models and contribute to a broader evaluation of health decision-making.
PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS IN THE TRAINING OF DANCERS
Authors: Shan Honggang , Liu Yu , Gong Jianfeng
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chinese sports dance has occupied a prominent place worldwide due to its rapid development and the exchange between countries has gradually increased, requiring studies on the improvement in the training of these athletes. Objective: Study the particular characteristics of physical fitness and its insertion methods in the training of sport dancers. Methods: The author used the method of literature data, questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics to take the students specializing in sports dance in the School of Physical Education as research volunteers, performing a series of fitness index tests to check the most relevant characteristics to the fitness of their training. Results: The body shape training and special strength training, including special flexibility training is organized according to the demand standards. As for the physical training specific to dancers, the basic ballet training reaches 32 exercises, the strength training of the costal muscles, waist and abdomen 32 exercises, and the flexibility of the groin and legs 25 exercises, the latter being the key quality content for athletes. Conclusion: In-depth investigations and research are constantly being conducted into the content of special fitness training for students specializing in sports dance, and the factors influencing the particular fitness training have the potential to most effectively promote the development of sports dance. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
FUNCTIONAL TRAINING METHODS FOR BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Wu Jie , Huang Yu
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Although exercise development has shown great theoretical progress, there are still many problems regarding the current sports teaching process in physical fitness training dedicated to basketball. One of the current needs is the evaluation of the current training methods of its players and the functional introduction method in this scenario. Objective: Explore the physical characteristics and functional training methods in different positions of basketball players. Methods: A literature search was conducted to survey the current scientific practices and the athletes of the second national men's and women's basketball team who participated in a winter training from January 10 to March 10, 2019 were taken as the objects of study, also considering the different positions of the active athletes of the CBA, WCBA, NBA and WNBA. Results: The results showed that the average blood lactate level of the second national women's basketball team was 11.19mmol/L, slightly lower than the national women's team (11.8±1.2mmol/L), indicating that the athletes’ anaerobic capacity reached a high level. Conclusion: Basketball players in different positions have different demands regarding physical characteristics and training methods. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
INDICES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS ATHLETES
Authors: Jiang Yu , Han Haibo
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Rhythmic gymnastics uses the body as a tool for expression and choreographed beauty. Athletes use various body movements and beautiful voices to create a competitive sport that combines technology and art. This high-level sports performance set results from much targeted fitness training. Yet, the sport lacks research relating fitness to the difficulties of the new rules. Objective: This paper explores the choreographic differences in rhythmic gymnastics under the current rules. The differences in athletes’ body fitness are also evaluated. Methods: The fitness indices of 120 rhythmic gymnasts were evaluated by a developed method encompassing the upper body, trunk and lower limbs. A general analysis of the movement organization characteristics of Chinese rhythmic gymnasts was also performed. Armed with these data, the mathematical statistics method was adopted to conduct empirical research. results: The 10-second long jump, standing jump, lifting, plank, and other 10-s performances in elite athletes were significantly more expressive than those in ordinary athletes (P<0.01). In the lifting test, elite athletes were significantly better than ordinary athletes (P<0.01). There was a significant difference between elite and ordinary athletes in the plank stand (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the remaining individual scores. Conclusion: The critical period of the upper limb development of rhythmic gymnasts is significantly lagged compared to the lower limbs. The artistic arrangement of rhythmic gymnastics is fundamental to its good presentation. The innovations and diversified changes evidenced an advance in rhythmic gymnastics that athletes must absorb to achieve better competitive results. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
Canhão de Gauss
Authors: Alcântara Lucas Santos de , Souza Edvaldo Alves de
Published: February 2023

O experimento do canhão de Gauss é notável por sua transversalidade dentro de conceitos relevantes para a Física. Ele é simples, rápido, de fácil execução e com um rico conteúdo de mecânica e magnetismo para ser observado. Possui uma construção acessível, feita com algumas esferas de aço e ímãs posicionados linearmente sobre um trilho. Considerando essas vantagens, este trabalho apresenta um estudo teórico e experimental do canhão do Gauss para a aplicação em sala de aula utilizando os conceitos de magnetismo, cinemática e princípios da conservação da energia e conservação do momento linear. O desenvolvimento foi feito baseado em modelos educacionais da conservação da energia do canhão de Gauss e ampliado para apresentar um modelo que utilizasse o princípio de conservação do momento linear e a energia potencial do ímã. O resultado final foi a obtenção de uma equação para a velocidade de ejeção, que pôde ser testada experimentalmente, e que se mostrou capaz de abarcar mais configurações das esferas e ímãs que as dos trabalhos observados na literatura, inclusive com a obtenção de valores de velocidade mais precisos.
Spatial patterns of new leprosy cases in a northeastern state of Brazil, 2011–2021
Authors: Silva Maria Luiza Ferreira Imburana da , Farias Shirlley Jackllanny Martins de , Silva Amanda Priscila de Santana Cabral , Rodrigues Maria Olívia Soares , Oliveira Emília Carolle Azevedo de
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatial patterns of leprosy in Pernambuco from 2011 to 2021. Methods: This is an ecological epidemiological study, carried out with data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, based on new cases of leprosy among inhabitants of Pernambuco, between 2011–2021. An empirical Bayesian analysis of local and spatial dependence was performed with the global and local Moran indices. Results: 25,008 new cases of leprosy were registered with an annual case detection rate in the general population of 16.51 cases/100,000 inhabitants — which is considered high. Among those younger than 15 years of age, there were 5.16 cases/100,000 inhabitants (high) and 0.89/100,000 inhabitants with degree II of physical disability (low); there were also many high-risk cases with an overall Moran index of 0.33 (p<0.001), active transmission (0.26; p<0.001), and subsequent diagnosis of the disease (0.12; p<0.006), as well as distribution in macro-region 1 and macro-region 4. Conclusion: There was a heterogeneous spatial distribution in the state, showing two overviews, the first being the presence of municipalities with high risk of disease transmission and the second with clusters of silent municipalities, reinforcing the character of leprosy neglect as a major public health problem. This study brings reflections for leprosy control actions, due to the identification of priority areas to combat this disease in Pernambuco.
Gestational age: comparing estimation methods and live births’ profile
Authors: Bonilha Eliana de Aquino , Lira Margarida Maria Tenório de Azevedo , Freitas Marina de , Aly Célia Maria Castex , Santos Patrícia Carla dos , Niy Denise Yoshie , Diniz Carmen Simone Grilo
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with the definition of the gestational age (GA) estimation method recorded in the live birth certificate (LBC), and to compare the results obtained according to the method in the city of São Paulo (CSP), between 2012 and 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study using the Live Birth Information System. Descriptive and comparative analysis was performed according to the GA estimation method, followed by a univariate and multivariate logistic regression model to identify the predictor variables of the method used. Results: The estimation of GA by the date of the last menstrual period (LMP) (39.9%) was lower than that obtained by other methods (OM) (60.1%) — physical examination and ultrasound, between 2012–2019. LMP registration in the LBC increased with the mother's age, it was higher among women who were white, more educated and with partners, in cesarean sections and with private funding. In the logistic regression, public funding was 2.33 times more likely than private funding to use OM. The proportion of preterm infants (<37 weeks) with GA by LMP was 26.5% higher than that obtained by OM. Median birth weight was higher among preterm infants with GA estimated by LMP. Conclusion: Prematurity was higher with the GA estimated by LMP in the CSP, which may indicate overestimation by this method. The source of funding was the most explanatory variable for defining the GA estimator method at the LBC. The results point to the need for caution when comparing the GA obtained by different methods.
Spatial analysis of Chikungunya fever incidence and the associated socioeconomic, demographic, and vector infestation factors in municipalities of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2015–2021
Authors: Aguiar-Santos Maísa , Mendes Liana Gabriele da Cruz , Passos Diogenes Ferreira dos , Santos Tamyris Gomes da Silva , Lins Rosanny Holanda Freitas Benevides , Monte Ana Cristina Pedrosa do
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the spatial patterns of chikungunya fever (CHIKF) and the associated socioeconomic, demographic, and vector infestation factors in the 1st Health Region of Pernambuco (1st HRP). Methods: This ecological study used a spatial analysis of Mean Incidence Rates (MIR) of probable cases of CHIKF reported among residents of the 19 municipalities of the 1st HRP, in 2015–2021. The univariate and bivariate global Moran indexes (I) were estimated. From the significant associations (p<0.05), clusters were identified using the local Moran index and maps. Results: A predominance of the largest CHIKF rates was identified in the east. However, there was a heterogeneous distribution of rates across municipalities, which may have contributed to the absence of spatial autocorrelation of CHIKF (I=0.03; p=0.294) in univariate I. The bivariate I revealed a positive spatial correlation between CHIKF and the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) (I=0.245; p=0.038), but with a cluster of cities with low incidences and low MHDI in the west. There was no spatial correlation between CHIKF and the other variables analyzed: population density, Gini index, social vulnerability index, and building infestation index for Aedes aegypti. Conclusions: The results suggest that only the MHDI influenced the occurrence of CHIKF in the 1st HRP, so that municipalities in the west demonstrated spatial dependence between lower values of MHDI and MIR. However, this spatial correlation may have occurred due to possible underreporting in the area. These findings can assist in the (re)orientation of resources for surveillance and health care services.
Prevalence and incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults: associations with physical activity at leisure
Authors: Lázari Marcella Ramos de , Bertelli-Costa Taiguara , Scaramel Isabela Caldana , Adorno Isabella , Vernin Laura Regina Solé , Neri Anita Liberalesso
Published: February 2023

Abstract Objective Describing the prevalence and incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults, considering the isolated and combined presence of leisure-time physical activities, hypertension, and obesity. Methods An observational, analytical, cohort study was conducted based on the data records of baseline (2008-2009) and follow-up (2016-2017) from the Campinas FIBRA Study. Screening for dementia and self-report measures concerning the number of weekly hours of low and moderate levels of leisure-time physical activities, hypertension, and nutritional status based on the body mass index (BMI) were applied. Results There were 394 aged participants; 71.8% were female and 74.4% had less than four years of formal education. The mean age at the baseline was 72.8±5.3 years old, and at follow-up was 81.4±4.8. At baseline, the most prevalent concurrent conditions were physical inactivity and hypertension (21.5%), and the least prevalent were physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension and cognitive deficit (0.6%). Associations were observed between physical inactivity at follow-up, or for both measurement periods, and cognitive impairment at follow-up. Inactive participants at the baseline showed a higher incidence ratio of cognitive impairment at follow-up, adjusted for sex, age, education, nutritional status and hypertension (RI=2.27; 95%CI: 1.49-3.45; p<0.001). Conclusion Prevalence and incidence of cognitive deficit mostly reflected the influence of low levels of leisure-time physical activity at baseline and follow-up.
Social support and family functioning: a cross-sectional study of older people in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Janhaque Vitória Rocha , Blanco Ana Luiza , Santos-Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos , Brito Tábatta Renata Pereira de , Nunes Daniella Pires
Published: February 2023

Abstract Objective To determine the association between perceived social support and family functioning in older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out of 72 participants aged ≥60 years enrolled at an Open University of the Third Age (U3A) in the interior of Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The variables analyzed were socioeconomic and demographic conditions, social support (Medical Outcomes Study Scale), and family functioning (Family APGAR). The Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and Multivariate Poisson Regression tests were used for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%. Results The type of support with the highest mean scores was affectionate (95.1 points) while the lowest was emotional (87.4 points). Family dysfunction rate was 22.2%. For every additional point of affectionate support score, there was a decrease in the probability of presenting family dysfunction (OR=0.96; p=0.001). Conclusion Affectionate support was associated with family functioning. These findings highlight the importance of identifying family structure, dynamics, and relationships in planning comprehensive health care for the older population.
Redescription and diagnoses of the genera Profundulus and Tlaloc (Cyprinodontiformes: Profundulidae), Mesoamerican endemic fishes
Authors: Domínguez-Cisneros Sara E. , Domínguez-Domínguez Omar , Velázquez-Velázquez Ernesto , Pérez-Rodríguez Rodolfo
Published: February 2023

Abstract Until recently, the genus Profundulus was classified in two subgenera, Profundulus and Tlaloc, the sole members of the family Profundulidae. Newly discovered molecular data have been used to justify the elevation of these subgenera to genera. Yet morphological analyses to diagnose the two genera are lacking. The aim of this study is to provide a generic diagnosis and a taxonomic key to the species within the family Profundulidae based on morphology. The genus Tlaloc is diagnosed on the basis of five unique characters, among which are the prominent and oval-shaped mesethmoid, exceeding the posterior margins of the vomer; the anterior portion of the parasphenoid making contact with the mesethmoid and extend beyond the center of the mesethmoid; and a reduced autopterotic fossa. Profundulus is diagnosed here based on the following characters: the mesethmoid is small, crescent-shaped, and does not extend beyond the margins of the vomer; the anterior portion of the parasphenoid just contacting the mesethmoid and not extending beyond the center of the mesethmoid; a large autopterotic fossa. For each genus, description and distribution ranges are provided as well as a key for identification of the species.
Oncogenetics and Status of Cancer Patients: bioethical and legal foundations
Authors: Araújo Ana Thereza Meireles , Guindalini Rodrigo Santa Cruz
Published: February 2023

Abstract This paper analyzes bioethical and legal foundations that contributed to establish the current normative discipline of access to oncogenetic resources from the perspective of the Statute of the Person with Cancer. It sought to evaluate the current state of legislation that upholds the rights of patients regarding oncological demands, considering the fundamental rights to life and health. The central premise was to clarify the status of oncology-related resources, which includes precision medicine and oncogenetics, to subsequently address limitations on their access within the Unified Health System or supplementary health. This is a theoretical research based on the survey of national and international references, specialized publications, and current Brazilian legislation.
Motion picture resources and bioethics teaching in the human movement sciences
Authors: Waltrick Luciana Teixeira , Hellmann Fernando , Farias Gelcemar Oliveira , Marinho Alcyane
Published: February 2023

Abstract This descriptive-exploratory study conducted with graduates from the Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences at the Santa Catarina State University sought to understand the meanings of using movies in bioethics teaching and to identify motion pictures with bioethical themes related to exercise and health in the human movement sciences. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and investigated by content analysis. A priori categories were based on the objectives. The participants’ answers generated the a posteriori subcategories, organized as follows: contributions to bioethics learning for the Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences and professional life; and perceptions about using motion pictures as a pedagogical resource, including suggestions of movies and themes specific to the course. Movie resources with related themes make learning more meaningful and pleasurable, bringing the students’ professional realities closer to the bioethical content, facilitating such learning.
Monitoring committees for research participant protection
Authors: Franco Marcelo Nobile , Kaippert Beatriz , Palacios Marisa
Published: February 2023

Abstract Of increasingly relevance in public health and research projects involving human beings, the topic of safety has been intensely discussed. Participants in clinical trials are subject to risks, physical or otherwise, that impact their integrity, rights, or autonomy. This study outlines and discusses the performance of the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee for research participant protection and risk minimization in clinical research. An integrative literature review was conducted to identify the committees’ duties and role in protecting participants. Most of the analyzed articles confirm that the monitoring committees are mainly responsible for protecting research participants, as well as ensuring research integrity and credibility.
Advance directives: patient autonomy and professional safety
Authors: Lima Jussara Silva , Lima João Gabriel Silva Resende , Lima Sarah Inessa Silva Resende , Alves Hellen Kassia de Lima , Rodrigues Wellington Francisco
Published: February 2023

Abstract This theoretical study discusses bioethics in the sense of safely promoting and ensuring the patients’ dignity, respectful of their decision making, following regulations and protocols that help fulfill this will and bring safety to the care team. The lack of clear and consensual legal regulations on how to elaborate an advance directive generates uncertainty among healthcare providers, patients and their families. Beyond legal standardization, professionals must also have full knowledge on the topic to correctly guide and inform their patients, thus guaranteeing this right. But ensuring the right to express one’s will is not enough—one must be assured that such whishes will be fulfilled. Further and broader discussions on this topic anchored on the Brazilian reality are needed.
El deber de informar en medicina: análisis de las demandas
Authors: Feijó Camila de Aquino , Framil Valeria Maria de Souza , Gianvecchio Daniele Muñoz
Published: February 2023

Resumen El formulario de consentimiento expresa una toma de decisión voluntaria al aceptar el tratamiento después de informados los riesgos, beneficios y posibles consecuencias. Este estudio analizó el papel del formulario de consentimiento en las decisiones del Tribunal de Justicia del Estado de São Paulo. Durante un año se realizó una búsqueda con las palabras clave “formulario de consentimiento” y “error médico”, y los datos de las 65 demandas se expusieron en el programa Excel. En 15 casos no se utilizó el documento, de los cuales 12 demostraron haber una falla del deber de informar. El 31% de los casos lo condenó al acusado, y la mayoría de los autores que recibieron una compensación económica tenían derecho a indemnización por daño moral. Las áreas de la Medicina que recibieron más demandas fueron la cirugía plástica y la ginecología y obstetricia. Son fundamentales aplicar el formulario y la actuación del perito médico.