bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing of spacer fluids compositions for well cementing
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Suleymanov E. M. , Novruzova S. H. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Aliyev I. N. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Şmonçeva Y. Y. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2023

Currently, almost all researchers believe that turbulent flow is the most preferred displacement mode. However, when it comes to cementing, where practical limitations prevent obtaining turbulent flow, opinions begin to differ. In general, either «very slow» flow or «very fast» flow is recommended for all wells in the annulus. There are mainly two types of buffer liquids used – «wash» and «space». The first buffer liquid is «wash», which washes away and removes the remnants of drilling fluid, clay cake, etc., and the second is «space», a thicker system, entering the cavities, cleans them and also pulls out all the remnants of the first buffer liquid to the surface. The first buffer fluid is «wash», basically a thinner, of the drilling fluid, which may contain surfactants - surfactants or liquid-restraining agents, the preferred mode of motion is turbulent. The second buffer liquid – «space», can mainly contain polymeric materials, weighting agents, the preferred mode of movement is laminar (cork). The choice of these fluids is determined by their chemical compatibility with drilling and cement slurries, their effectiveness in removing the drilling fluid. Very important postulates adopted by almost all leading oil firms are given. A new and very affordable composition of the buffer liquid of the following composition has been proposed: «wash» - FLS - 4%, diesel fuel - 2%, the rest is water - 9%; «space» - carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) - 0.5%, bentonite solution with a density of 1030 kg/m3 - 99.5%. If necessary, these buffer fluids can be weighted, for example, with barite, to an average density between the densities of drilling and cement slurries in a given well.. Keywords: buffer fluid; drilling fluid; cement mortar;turbulent flow; mode of motion; mud cake; centralizer; casing string.
Analysis of the characteristics of reliability indicators of machines and equipment operating in emergency situations and extreme conditions
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Marine Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Gafarov A. M. , Suleymanov P. G. ,   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute of Labor Protection and Safety Engineering, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the main characteristics of the reliability indicators of machines and equipment operated in emergency situations and extreme conditions. Methods for their evaluation are discussed using various methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics. Keywords: machines; equipment; reliability; emergency; extreme conditions; evaluation; probability theory; mathematical statistics.
Study of the influence of various technological factors on the reliability of machines and equipment operating in emergency situations and extreme conditions
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Marine Academy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Gafarov A. M. , Suleymanov P. G. ,   Azerbaijan State Scientific-Research Institute of Labor Protection and Safety Engineering, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of research on the influence of various technological factors on the reliability of machines and equipment operated in emergency situations and extreme conditions. The regularities obtained are discussed. Keywords: machines; equipment; technological factors; extreme conditions; reliability; emergency; working efficiency.
Teletrabajo y tiempo de trabajo efectivo: desconexiones digitales involuntarias impeditivas del trabajo. Y derecho a la desconexión digital por motivos fisiológicos ("derecho de lavabo")
Authors: Casas Baamonde María Emilia
Published: November 2023

El marco legal específico del teletrabajo asegura que las condiciones de trabajo de quienes así trabajan no puedan ser de peor condición que las del trabajo presencial. El empleador tiene la obligación de poner los medios para atender la prestación de teletrabajo ante cortes de suministro de luz o de internet, sin que los teletrabajadores deban recuperar el tiempo de trabajo afectado por esas incidencias, ni sufrir reducción salarial. Los trabajadores tienen derecho a atender sus necesidades fisiológicas por el tiempo imprescindible, debiendo la empresa registrar esas pausas retribuidas separadamente del resto de descansos y pausas reguladas en el convenio colectivo de contact center.

The specific legal framework for telework ensures that the working conditions of teleworkers cannot be worse than those of face-to-face work. The employer is obliged to provide the means to cover the telework provision in the event of power or internet cuts, without teleworkers having to make up the working time affected by such incidents, or suffer any reduction in pay. Workers have the right to attend to their physiological needs for the essential time, and the company must register these paid breaks separately from the rest of the breaks and rest periods regulated in the contact centre collective bargaining agreement.
Adscripción a un turno de trabajo fijo por motivos de conciliación: presunción de necesidad adaptativa.
Authors: Rodríguez Escanciano Susana
Published: November 2023

Aun cuando el ordenamiento jurídico no consagra un derecho directo e incondicionado de las personas trabajadoras a la adscripción a un turno fijo para el cuidado de hijo/a, lo cierto es que concurre una especie de presunción de la necesidad adaptativa invocada en la solicitud en los supuestos en que la empresa no oponga razones organizativas especialmente gravosas para la denegación, en cuyo caso procederá una indemnización de daños y perjuicios derivada de la vulneración de un derecho fundamental dada la vinculación de la conciliación con la prohibición de discriminación sexista y el derecho a la intimidad familiar.

Although the legal system has not established a direct and unconditional right of employees to be assigned to a fixed timetable for work-life balance, it is true that there is a kind of presumption of the adaptive need invoked in the petition in cases where the company does not provide particularly heavy organisational reasons for the refusal, in which case compensation for damages resulting from the violation of a fundamental right will be applicable, considering the link between the right to work-life balance and the prohibition of gender discrimination and the right to family privacy.
Kehidupan Ibu Rumah Tangga yang Bekerja sebagai Pengolah Ikan Asin dalam Meningkatkan Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga di Pasar Belakang Kota Sibolga
Authors: Simbolon Nelly
Published: November 2023

The majority of people in the back market of Sibolga work as salted fish processors to fulfill the daily needs of their families. Every day the people who work there come to manage the fish caught by the fishermen become salted fish. Housewives work as salted fish processing workers in order to improve the family’s social economy. Working outside the home becomes a dual role for housewives which will have an influence on relationships with family. However, for the sake of a good social economy, housewives carry out dual roles in the hope of changing the standard of family life.
Teologi Diakonia dalam Merespon Kemiskinan dan Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Simamora Kornelia Agatha , Sinaga Lamria
Published: November 2023

This paper is a study analytical literature role diakonia in respond poverty and disability. In analyze study this writer collect poverty data and disability from study earlier. For next writer analyze it from various source book and then expose role theology diakonia in respond problem poverty and disability. As for results from study this namely: diakonia is a calling for share life to fellow specifically they clan poor and the oppressed because a limitations physique nor mentally. Experienced people limitations physique and mentally called with disabled disability that is those who have disabled in a manner biological and physical cause sufferer disturbed in to do activity every day. Situation this is necessary responded with method apply the diakonia which one duty from church. The church not only to do service in a manner routine will but must open eye for those who experience suffering as well as presenting the kingdom of God in the midst clan poor and disabled disability.
Emotions Interact With Empowering Leadership to Reduce Counterproductive Work Behavior
Authors: Jacques Djigou , Samuel Nyock Ilouga , Aude Carine Moussa Mouloungui
Published: November 2023

Getting a grasp of the psycho-affective processes and social anomie leading to counterproductive work behavior (Fox & Spector, 2006) represents a major challenge for researchers and organizations. The Cameroonian context is characterized by widespread impoverishment, which incites some officials to divert the objectives of the prescribed work to their personal interest, with no regard to the damage caused to either the organization or its members (Nyock Ilouga et al., 2018). This study examines the mediating role of emotions in the relationship between empowering leadership and counterproductive work behavior. 156 civil servants of both sexes were selected to complete a questionnaire which includes both the Empowering Leadership Questionnaire (Arnold et al., 2000) and the Job Affective-relative Work questionnaire (Van Katwyk et al., 2000). Our results suggest that the emotions felt by employees mediate the effect of perceived empowering leadership on the counterproductive behavior that employees manifest at work.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DENGAN PERILAKU SISWA DALAM PENGGUNAAN PLASTIK DAN STYROFOAM SEBAGAI PEMBUNGKUS MAKANAN DI SMA NEGERI 5 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Fitriyani Vina Nur , Wahyuningsih Tutik
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Menurut (SIPSN) tahun 2021 terdiri dari 234 Kota Se-Indonesia sebanyak 34,61% sampah tidak bisa terkelola dan 65.39% sampah bisa terkelola. Menurut data (SIPSN) tahun 2021 jenis sampah plastik menduduki jumlah ke 2 terbanyak yaitu 12,77%, kertas dan karton menduduki jumlah ke 3 terbanyak 8,56% di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan di SMAN 5 Yogyakarta Tahun 2023, diketahui siswa yang sering menggunakan plastik sebagai pembungkus makanan sebanyak 23 anak dan siswa yang menggunakan styrofoam sebagai pembungkus makanan 8 anak.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, dengan perilaku penggunaan plastik dan styrofoam sebagai pembungkus makanan pada siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 5 Yogyakarta.

Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif survai analitik, pendekatan cross sectional/. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Besar sampel menggunakan rumus slovin, didapatkan sampel sebanyak 75 dari total populasi 288 siswa-siswi Kelas XI di SMAN 5 Yogyakarta. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan analisis data yang digunakan uji Chi Square.

Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan (p=0,886) dengan perilaku penggunaan plastik dan styrofoam sebagai pembungkus makanan, tidak ada hubungan sikap (p= 0,620) dengan perilaku penggunaan plastik dan styrofoam sebagai pembungkus makanan.

Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku penggunaan plastik dan styrofoam sebagai pembungkus makanan.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku.
TURIZM SEKTORIDA MILLIY HUNARMADCHILIK MAHSULOTLARINING RIVOJLANISHINING O‘ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Xushnazarova Maxzuna Gulamdjanovna
Published: November 2023

Ushbu maqolada hunarmandchilikning turizmni rivojlantirishdagi ahamiyati haqida so‘z boradi. Hunarmandchilik bu mamlakat madaniyati, tarixi va an’analarini aks ettiruvchi noyob buyumlardir. Ular mashhur yodgorliklar, ichkielementlar va sovg‘alardir. Bundan tashqari, ular tematik ekskursiyalar va mahorat darslarini yaratish uchun ishlatilishimumkin. Ta’kidlash joizki, infratuzilmani rivojlantirish, mahsulotlarni ommalashtirish, davlat tomonidan qo‘llab-quvvatlash,hunarmandlarni tayyorlash va ularning malakasini oshirish, shuningdek, xalq hunarmandchiligi asosida yangi mahsulot vaxizmatlar yaratish turizm sohasida xalq hunarmandchiligi mahsulotlari ishlab chiqarishni rivojlantirishga xizmat qilmoqda.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF TRADE BETWEEN CHINA AND UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Cao Gang
Published: November 2023

As a key hub of the Belt and Road Initiative and an important gateway from Asia to Europe, Uzbekistan isan important participant in the China-Central Asia Cooperation Mechanism, and China-Uzbekistan economic and tradecooperation is of increasing economic and strategic significance to the development of both countries. Under the Beltand Road Initiative and the New Uzbekistan Strategy, economic and trade relations between China and Uzbekistan havecontinued to take new leaps forward.By comprehensively measuring Uzbekistan’s import and export volume, growth rate, bilateral trade commodity structure,trade openness, export similarity index and Lawrence index, this paper concludes that both Uzbekistan and China haverelatively high levels of trade openness, but Uzbekistan’s economic development is more dependent on foreign trade.Bilateral trade between Uzbekistan and China has a greater impact on Uzbekistan than on China, while the commoditystructure of Uzbekistan’s exports to China is highly volatile, suggesting that Uzbek goods are relatively uncompetitive inthe Chinese market. Uzbekistan’s imports from China are much larger than its exports to China, and there is some riskthat the trade deficit will widen year by year.
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASINING JAHON SAVDO TASHKILOTIGA A’ZO BO‘LISHIGA OID
Authors: Ruzibayev Jahongir Nodirovich
Published: November 2023

Ushbu maqolada JSTga a’zo bo‘lishning ijobiy va salbiy ta’sirlari guruhlashtirilgan, mamlakat uchun yuzagakelishi mumkin bo‘lgan muammolar (shu jumladan, omillar) tahlil qilingan hamda zararlarni minimallashtirish bo‘yichailg‘or xorijiy tajribalar o‘rganib chiqilgan.
OLIY TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA TO‘LOVKONTRAKT SHAKLI MABLAG‘LARI BO‘YICHA XARAJATLAR VA ULAR HISOBINING AMALDAGI HOLATI
Authors: Abdujalilova Dilnoz Abdusattorovna
Published: November 2023

Zamonaviy bilimlarga ega bo‘lgan mutaxassis kadrlarni tayyorlash, davlat ta’lim standartlari asosida ta’lim vauning barcha tarkibiy tuzilmalarini takomillashtirib borish dolzarb masalalardan biridir. Maqolada respublikamizda faoliyatolib borayotgan oliy ta’lim muassasalari budjetdan tashqari moliyaviy manbaalari asosan to‘lov-kontrakt shakli mablag‘larihisobining yurutilishi, to‘lov-kontrakt shakli mablag‘lari xarajatlarini moliyalashtirish yoki tushum manbaalari asosida alohida shakllantirish tahlil qilingan. Amalga oshirilayotgan xarajatlarni mos yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha guruhlash va samaradorlikga erishish ko‘zda tutilgan va biznes rejada belgilangan moliyaviy natijalarga erishish bo‘yicha xulosalar hamda ilmiytakliflar berilgan.
التراكيب النحويّة في كلام الإمام الحسن (عليه السلام) دراسة - نحويّة- دلاليّة
Authors: عبد الرحمن الزيات بدور
Published: November 2023

كان علم النحو وما يزال أساس علوم العربية، كما أنّه ضروري لجميع العلوم ولكلّ مؤلّفٍ ومدرّسٍ، والمختصون بالعربية يعنون بالنحو نظرياً كما يعنون به تطبيقاً، وعنايتهم التطبيقية تفوق عنايتهم النظرية وتتجاوزها، ويقترن النحو بالمعنى لتتحصل به الفائدة ولا يتمّ ذلك إلّا ضمن التركيب، فالتركيب هو ترتيب وتنظيم الكلام، إذن هو يهتم بدراسة العلاقات داخل نظام الجملة مع انسجامها التامّ لتتلاءم وتولّد معاني جديدة.

        والأسلوب هو القالب الذي تصبّ فيه التراكيب التي تستمد قوتها وتميزها من التزام المتكلّم بالمعايير اللّغوية واعتماده على قدرته الخاصّة بلحاظه ملكة اللسان العربي، وبما أنّ الأسلوب هو القالب فلا بدَّ أن يكون لكلّ شخص قالبه المجهز وفقاً لقوانينين اللغة التي تجعل الخطاب الأدبي الفنيّ مزدوج الوظيفة والغاية، يؤدّي ما يؤديه الكلام عادة من وظيفة تواصلية.

        لقد تجسّدت في خطب وحكم الإمام الحسن (عليه السلام) بلاغة اللغة التي تجلّت فيها الدقّة والمعاني وفكرة انتقاء الألفاظ الدالّة على المعاني المتعدّدة، وسنبين في بحثنا تلك البلاغة والفصاحة في ضوء تحليلنا اللغوي النحويّ لبعض حكم الإمام الحسن (عليه السلام) ومواعظه.
جماليّات بلاغة الأداء في مأثورات الإمام علي (عليه السلام)
Authors: وجيه عيسى فلّوح نزار
Published: November 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استجلاء الأبعاد البلاغية الفكريّة والفنيّة لمأثورات الإمام علي (عليه السلام) في كتاب «نهج البلاغة»، من طريق قراءة تحليلية تطمح إلى تجاوز ظواهر النصوص، للغوص فيما هو أعمق ممّا بين السطور، في محاولة لاكتناه وسبر المُكوِّنات الجوهرية الخاصة لبلاغة الإمام في نصوصه ومأثوراته التي لا تُؤخَذ بقراءة تقليدية نمطية عابرة أو بتأويل قَبْلِيّ ضيّق جاهز.

    وتقف الدراسة - خصوصاً - عند بلاغة الزُّهد والعدل في مأثورات الإمام، لتُبيِّن منابعها الفكرية والأخلاقية والإنسانية في فكره، ثَمّ تجلياتها الجمالية الفنية والتعبيرية في أدبه وأسلوبه المتفرّد، من عناصر شعرية وإيقاعية وبديعية وتصويرية وصرفية وغيرها، وصولاً إلى ما يُحدِثه هذا التفرّد الفكري والجمالي من تأثير روحي ووجداني عميق في نفوس المتلقِّين لهذا الأدب عبر العصور والأجيال.
Nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide reduce homocysteine neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells
Authors: Slomka Marta , Zieminska Elzbieta , Lazarewicz* Jerzy
Published: November 2023

Nicotinamide is an important cofactor in many metabolic pathways and a known neuroprotective substance, while its methylated product, 1-methylnicotinamide, is a suspected neurotoxin. Homocysteine is a risk factor in Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration, causing inhibition of methylation processes and inducing excitotoxicity. In this study, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells and propidium iodide staining, we investigated the neurotoxicity of nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide, and their neuroprotective potential in acute and sub-acute homocysteine neurotoxicity. Our results demonstrated that nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide applied for 24 h to cultures at concentrations of up to 25 mM had no effect on neuronal viability. Moreover, nicotinamide at concentrations of 5–20 mM and 1-methylnicotinamide at 1–10 mM applied to cells 24 h before, and for 24 h after an acute 30 min application of 25 mM D,L homocysteine, reduced neuronal damage. 1-Methylnicotinamide at concentrations of 250 and 500 µM showed neuroprotective activity during a sub-acute 24-h exposure to 2.5 mM D,L-homocysteine, while 5 and 25 mM nicotinamide also evoked neuroprotection. These findings do not support suggestions that 1-methylnicotinamide may act as an endogenous neurotoxic agent; rather, they indicate the neuroprotective ability of nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide in homocysteine neurotoxicity. The exact mechanisms of this neuroprotection are unclear and require further
investigation.
Transmission of information during Continuous Attention Test
Authors: Kuś* Rafał , Blinowska Katarzyna , Kamiński Maciej , Basińska-Starzycka Anna
Published: November 2023

The Short-Time Directed Transfer Function (SDTF) is an estimator based on a multivariate autoregressive model which has proved to be successful in ERP experiments, e.g. those connected with motor action and its imagination. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the performance of SDTF in the cognitive experiment. We have applied SDTF for the estimation of the pattern of EEG signal transmissions during a Continuous Attention Test (CAT). Time-frequency patterns of propagation were estimated for two experimental conditions. Statistical procedures based on thin-plate spline model were used for estimation of significant changes in respect to the reference epoch. The repeatability of the results for a subject and across the subjects were investigated. The effect of prolonged transmission in the gamma band from the prefrontal electrodes found in all subjects was explained by the active inhibition in the case when a subject had to sustain from performing the action.
Preconditioning reduces hypoxia-evoked alterations in glutamatergic Ca2+signaling in rat cortex
Authors: Semenov Dmitry , Samoilov Mikhail , Lazarewicz* Jerzy
Published: November 2023

The aims of this study were (1) to characterize calcium signaling in rat cortex induced by repeated in vitro application of the glutamatergic agonists L-glutamate, NMDA, AMPA and DHPG, (2) to analyze the influence of transient severe hypobaric hypoxia (180 Torr) administered in vivo on calcium responses to stimulation of glutamate receptors by their agonists, and (3) to evaluate the effects of preconditioning with intermittent mild hypobaric hypoxia (360 Torr), 24 h before the severe hypoxia, on these Ca2+ responses. Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics was studied using the fluorescent probes fura-2 and chlortetracycline to monitor free and bound calcium (Cai and Cab), respectively. In control cortical slices, application of
L-glutamate, NMDA and AMPA induced concomitant increases in Cai and Cab, reflecting Ca2+ influx and its intracellular accumulation in neurons. DHPG, an agonist of group I mGlu receptors induced a decrease in Cab accompanied by a rise in Cai levels, indicating Ca2+ mobilization. In cortical slices collected 24 h after severe hypoxia, the responses of Cab to glutamate administration were increased, DHPG-induced shifts were reversed, the increase in Cab after the first application of AMPA was reduced, while after the second, Cab rises were potentiated, and the increases in Cab evoked by NMDA application were slightly suppressed. The alterations of responses in Cab to the selective agonists were completely prevented by preconditioning with mild hypoxia. Our results suggest that protection of normal glutamatergic calcium signaling contributes to tolerance to hypoxia induced by preconditioning.
A putative role of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Intracellular Domain (AICD) in transcription [Review]
Authors: Słomnicki £ukasz , Leśniak* Wiesława
Published: November 2023

Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Intracellular Domain (AICD) is the product of APP processing realized by α- or β-secretases and γ-secretase. It was shown that AICD is able to interact with several proteins which regulate its stability and cellular localization. The Fe65 adaptor protein translocates AICD into nucleus where the APP-Fe65-Tip60 ternary complex may activate transcription of target genes. In the light of recent studies AICD seems to be another product of APP proteolysis endowed with important biological functions that may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease pathology.
Spring School of Polish Neuroscience Society – preface
Authors: Society Polish
Published: November 2023

Spring School of Polish Neuroscience Society – preface
Injury induced dendritic plasticity in the mature central nervous system [Review]
Authors: Macias Matylda
Published: November 2023

Injury to the mature central nervous system (CNS) induces a series of transient changes leading not only to death of neurons, but also to spontaneous rearrangement of the affected network. One of such pro plastic events, detected following injury, is an increased level of neurotrophins. Neurotrophins are a family of proteins involved in survival and outgrowth processes. The other one, more difficult to observe, is a change in the complexity of the dendritic tree, causing arborization or pruning, depending on many circumstances: i.e. lesion etiology. Subsequent therapies like enriched environment or locomotor
exercise bring about a functional improvement, which was found to further increase the neurotrophin level and induced additional arborization of dendrites. Another important consequence of damage to CNS connections is deafferentation, shown to induce a down regulation of outgrowth inhibitors. Their suppression in turn may facilitate dendritic plasticity. Taken together, these factors may contribute to enhanced plasticity in the injured mature CNS. Thus the proper use of endogenously increased plastic potential seems to be important for design and optimizing therapeutic strategies. Further investigation of mechanisms involved in switching on plasticity may help to improve on existing therapies and find new
ways to obtain better recovery following injury.
Influence of emotional arousal on the N150 of the Auditory Evoked Potential from the rat amygdala
Authors: Knippenberg Jeroen , Maes Joseph , Coenen Anton , Luijtelaar Gilles
Published: November 2023

This study tested whether a general increase in emotional arousal is a sufficient determinant for the evocation of the N150, a negative wave in amygdalar Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs). Rats received one of three conditioning protocols: either conditioned stimulus (CS) presentations alone (Control), CS-shock pairings (Paired), or unpaired presentations of the CS and shock (Unpaired). Amygdalar AEPs were recorded in response to the CS. It was hypothesized that if a state of emotional arousal is a sufficient condition for the manifestation of the N150, its amplitude should be enhanced in the Paired and Unpaired conditions relative to the Control condition, which was indeed found. In addition, it was found that the N150 had a larger amplitude in the Paired than in the Unpaired condition. This suggests that an additional N150 increase is established when animals learn the CS-US association. The results are discussed in relation to literature on amygdala function.
Pharmacological and biochemical effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on learning, memory consolidation and motor activity in old rats
Authors: Blecharz-Klin Kamilla , Piechal Agnieszka , Joniec Ilona , Pyrzanowska Justyna , Widy-Tyszkiewicz Ewa
Published: November 2023

Effect of administration of the standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves (EGb 761) on learning, memory and exploratory behavior was estimated in water maze and hole-board tests. Rats (18-month old) received for three months EGb 761 at doses: 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg b.w. per day. After completion of the behavioral experiment, concentrations of neurotransmitters were estimated in selected brain regions. ANOVA demonstrated significant differences in the content of monoamines and metabolites between the treatment groups compared to the control. The increased level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hippocampus and 5-HIAA (5-HT metabolite) in the prefrontal cortex correlated positively with the retention of spatial memory. Positive correlation between platform crossings in SE during the probe trial and neurotransmitter turnover suggest improvement of spatial memory. Long-term administration of Ginkgo biloba extract can improve spatial memory and motivation with significant changes in the content and metabolism of monoamines in several brain regions.
Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins-2/4 in neural stem cells and their lineages
Authors: Lü He-Zuo , Hu* Jian-Guo
Published: November 2023

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that possess the ability to self-renew and generate different neural cell types. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play critical roles in the determination of the fate of NSCs. Although some reports delineate BMP expression in the early developing central nervous system (CNS), they deal mainly with its expressions in restricted areas. However, little information is available for BMP expression in NSCs and their lineages. In this study, based on an in vitro model in which NSCs can self-renew and differentiate into astrocytes, neurons or oligodendrocytes, we mimicked the environment of NSC development in vivo. Using an antibody which can recognize BMP-2 and BMP-4, we showed that BMP-2/4 is only expressed in astrocytes. Inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and/or interferon-gamma) do not influence the expression pattern of BMPs in NSCs and their lineages. These results suggest that astrocytes might be one source of BMPs during the differentiation of NSCs and in the inflammatory environment after CNS injury.
Centroid extraction and illusions of extent with different contextual flanks
Authors: Bulatov* Aleksandr , Bertulis Algis , Bulatova Natalja , Loginovich Yelena
Published: November 2023

In the present study, a computational model of the automatic centroid extraction based on the processes of local integration of excitatory profiles in the visual pathways has been developed. The model predictions have been compared with the results of our psychophysical examination of the perceptual distortions of the spatial extent. In experiments, the subjects matched two spatial intervals flanked by one of the three types of the contextual objects: either the Müller-Lyer wings, or vertical stripes, or spot pairs. A good resemblance between the theoretical functions and dependencies of the illusions' magnitudes on various spatial parameters of the stimuli has provided evidence that the effects caused by indirect positional coding via centroids are powerful enough to explain the phenomena of the geometric illusions investigated.
ERPs and the evoked cardiac response to auditory stimuli: Intensity and cognitive load effects
Authors: Lawrence Carlie , Barry* Robert
Published: November 2023

The evoked cardiac response (ECR) may be described as the sum of two independent response components: an initial HR deceleration (ECR1), and a slightly later accelration (ECR2), hypothesized to reflect stimulus registration and cognitive processing load, respectively. This study investigated processing load effects in the ECR and the event-related potential (ERP). Stimulus intensity was varied within subjects, and cognitive load was varied between subjects, in a counting/no counting task with a long interstimulus interval. The ECR showed a significant effect of counting, but not intensity. ERPs showed the expected obligatory processing effects in the N1, and substantial effects of cognitive load in the Late Positive Complex. Both ERP components varied with intensity. These novel data offer support for ANS-CNS similarities in reflecting some aspects of stimulus processing, but further work is needed to understand the possible contribution of ERP subcomponents to these effects.
Peningkatan Potensi Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Sebagai Wujud Ekonomi Kreatif Desa Trasan
Authors: Muhdiyanto Muhdiyanto , Ningrum Indah Nur Kusuma , Zahra Nella Atalia , Damayanti Annisa Putri , Manfaaturohmansyah Frisky Nicko , Alfarizy Rismadi Indria
Published: November 2023

Revenue from Trasan BUMDes has not reached the target return, this is because the establishment of BUMDes coincides with the COVID-19 pandemic. One way to deal with the challenges and obstacles faced by BUMDes is to develop business continuity by applying creative economic entrepreneurial knowledge. PPMT team discussions with partners, we propose a method for BUMDes for development in marketing. The hope of the team after the training and mentoring of BUMDes is that the village can improve the economy and development so that the welfare of the community can increase. In writing, the output of the activity is in the form of a final report, publication of scientific articles, and publication of activities in the mass media (online offline), as well as video publications for marketing.
Literasi Keuangan pada Kelompok Wanita Telang di Desa Bandengan Kab. Pekalongan
Authors: Zahro Zahro , Ayuningrum Anggrainy Putri , Affan Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) are by most the community considered only ordinary plants actually have extraordinary benefit (Imayanti et al., 2019). Bandengan Village in Pekalongan Regency is one of the villages that has experienced floods since the last 10 years. Thus,  many residents especially women, have used many pots to cultivate butterfly pea plants. Moreover, women in Bandengan Village, Pekalongan Regency try to be independent in terms of income and also want to increase their capability. Womenpreneur makes a big contribution to Small Medium Enterprise in Indonesia. According to Biro Pusat Statistik  in 2021, the majority of the total  Small Medium Enterprise  in Indonesia, to be precise, 64.5 or 37 million  Small Medium Enterprise  are managed by women (BPS, 2021). The contribution of  Small Medium Enterprise  to employment is about 97% of the total workforce and able to increase about 60.4% of the total investment. However, the high number of   Small Medium Enterprise  have main problems such as low level of access to financial literation.  Small Medium Enterprise  can’t managed business and personal finance. They are have  no record of income, costs and sales. As a result, they can not identify the financial needs of their business. Hence, financial literacy training and assistance is expected to be able to increase the financial capacity of  Small Medium Enterprise owners, an make simple reports in managing their business.
Penyuluhan Strategi Pemasaran STP untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Forum Komunikasi UMKM di Donokerto, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Sari Niken Permata , Khairi Ardhi , Sari Utami Tunjung
Published: November 2023

The large number of MSME actors selling similar products can increase competition in the market. Therefore, to survive high competition, MSME business actors need to understand marketing strategies, especially segmentation, targeting, and positioning (STP). Partners in this community service program are members of the "Forum Komunikasi UMKM in the Donokerto Village." This type of business is engaged in the field of crafts and also culinary. The obstacle from partners is that the income earned is not maximized even though they have made sales through an online business. Therefore, counseling is held in the form of delivering material about STP to increase members' understanding and can be practiced for business operations in the future. The result of this program is that all activities run smoothly, participants are actively involved, and participants' understanding of STP has increased.
Communicative Language Teaching Method: Analysis of Teachers' Prophetic Problems At Daar El-Nayl Islamic Boarding School Cilebut Bogor
Authors: Harared Nico , Hadi Irfan , Saputri Nia Liska
Published: November 2023

In learning English, speaking ability is essential aspect, especially for teachers, especially pronunciation. Implementation in the classroom, the teacher is expected to be a good facilitator and motivator with the hope that later students will have the ability to communicate smoothly and their enthusiasm for learning will continue to increase. One teaching method that can be applied is Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). The purpose of this research to increase the teacher's motivation, creativity, exploration of the teacher's English communication skills. Besides that, through this teaching method it is hoped that it can add new experiences for teachers. This research is classroom action research conducted at the Daar El-Nayl Cilebut Islamic Boarding School, Bogor. There are a total of 4 teachers, they are the objects in this study. Data collection was carried out by observing and recording the value of each research stage. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in the ability to communicate in the pronunciation of English vocabulary which could be seen from the increase in the average score.
Peningkatan Kreatifitas Guru Dalam Pembuatan Learning Management System (LMS) Berbasis Moodle
Authors: Astriani Linda , Wicaksono Dirgantara , Sahrul Muhammad , Rahmadani Salsa Alvianita
Published: November 2023

Due to the effects of COVID-19 on the educational landscape, teachers and students are competing with one another to use online learning. The goal of this volunteer work is to educate 13 teachers at Harapan Ibu Pondok Pinang Islamic Middle School on how to boost teacher creativity using a Moodle-based LMS. Preliminary research, outreach, training, and assessment are the strategies employed. The teachers were able to learn more creatively thanks to the LMS as a result. This practice supports educators' ongoing efforts to develop inventive and imaginative instructional resources. With the help of this training, teachers should be able to use Moodle-based LMS to improve their teaching inventiveness and continue to mentor students both offline and online through Moodle-based LMS.
Penanggulangan Stunting Melalui Peningkatan Partisipasi Masyarakat dengan Sosialisasi Pentingnya Gizi Anak di Kelurahan Lalung, Kecamatan Karanganyar, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rais Wakit Abdul , Sakti Prima Putra , Utami Pratiwi Noor , Oktaviana Stia Ayu , Dzumar Sahmurah Sahdah , Yunita Novita Mela , Effendi Janeth Christy , Ramadhani Sekarningtyas Adita , Titovandaru Wisanggeni , Siburian Tesalonika Oktavia , Paleta Jessica
Published: November 2023

Posyandu is a community-based integrated health service. To reduce the rate of malnutrition, this government system tracks the development and nutritional health of toddlers. The Posyandu program was carried out in Lalung, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java by Group 109 of KKN UNS. This program involved local health workers, Posyandu’s volunteers, and was assisted by KKN students that were attended by the parents and their toddlers. The services offered included monitoring of weight, height, arm and head circumference measurements, growth and development evaluation and counseling, distribution of vitamin A, and provision of child nutrition. This community service program aimed to monitor children's growth and development and prevent stunting. The method used in this program was direct counseling and distribution of leaflets on the importance of child nutrition for parents of babies and toddlers. The findings showed that parents and kids both had a good understanding of how to provide for a child's nutritional needs and how to prevent stunting. The outcomes of this Posyandu program have a positive impact on the community and are beneficial to monitor the growth of toddlers and prevent stunting. This result of the program is expected to make the parents of toddlers consistently participate in monthly Posyandu activities and fulfill their child's nutrition properly in hopes that stunting can be prevented.
Empowerment Strategy for the Coffee Product Innovation in Wates Village, Jenangan District, Ponorogo Regency
Authors: Astrayasana Della Prisca Devi , Rusaliana Dita Febra , Rosyana Ersa , Amulia Putri , Kharisma Salma Dinda , Muttaqin Muhammad Azzam
Published: November 2023

Basirsa type coffee which is a typical coffee of Wates Village, Jenangan District, has great potential to be developed into processed products that have more high economic value. Therefore, this study aims to determine the appropriate development strategy for processed Basirsa coffee products to be applied in Wates Village, Jenangan District. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that there are several factors that need to be considered in the development of processed Basirsa coffee products, namely the selection of quality raw materials, the selection of the right processing technology, attractive and environmentally friendly product packaging, as well as an effective and efficient marketing strategy. In developing processed Basirsa coffee products, good cooperation is needed between coffee farmers, coffee processors and other related parties, as well as support from the local government.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Mengenai Penyakit Kardiovaskular dan Manfaat Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Pada Masyarakat Desa Pasir Angin, Cileungsi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Wiyati Tuti , Nurhasna Nurhasna , Hikmawantia Ni Putu Ermi
Published: November 2023

Cardiovascular disease is still at the top cause of death in Indonesia and globally. Cardiovascular diseases include hypertension, stroke, and heart disease. Knowledge is still ignored and also an unhealthy lifestyle caused increasing worse risk of its. The aim was to educate about the knowledge of cardiovascular disease and the importance of consuming vegetables and fruits as preventive and treatment of its in community of Pasir Angin Village, Cileungsi, West Java. The implementation method started with education through explanation of cardiovascular disease followed by providing information on the content of active compounds in vegetables and fruits that is beneficial for its. The succeeded of this activity was analized by the average pre-test and post-test and feed back that actually seemed by some reacted of pasticipants on discussed session. From the results has known that the knowledge of participants before being given education was 65%, increasing to 81%. Conclusion: cardiovascular disease education is still very much needed in communities widely.
Eduwisata Hutan Mangrove sebagai Implementasi Sikap Cinta Lingkungan di Paluh Merbau Desa Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Nasution Irda Wahidah , Nasution Nurul Hidayah
Published: November 2023

Mangroves are natural resources that are found in many coastal areas, mangroves as plants found in tidal areas and as communities. Mangrove forest education is an educational tour about the main ecosystems that support the life of coastal areas. Besides that, the community's ability to contribute to the development of mangrove education tourism will also affect people's income, especially in Paluh Merbau, Tanjung Rejo Village, which is part of Deli Serdang Regency, which is located in Percut Sei Tuan District. The method used is to increase student tourism education, insight and knowledge, and student competence regarding the local potential of coastal areas, especially mangrove ecosystems which have environmental service values to be managed and utilized as ecotourism areas, through community involvement and empowerment-based service. This service can increase students' love for the environment in community problems related to the use of coastal areas. The procedure for carrying out community service consists of three stages including surveys and interviews, preparation, and implementation, this activity was carried out on October 18, 2021. This community service activity was for mangrove forest education and was attended by around ± 40 people, consisting of lecturers and students, farmer groups, and local communities, as well as the Paluh Merbau Mangrove Tourism Management Coordinator (YMAII). The theme of the assistance activities carried out is in the form of lecture activities as well as educational tours of mangrove forests which are implemented towards an attitude of love for the environment. By sharing this knowledge, it is hoped that the public will have a vehicle for creative thinking to manage tourist attractions to become educational objects so that they can attract interested tourists who come to tourist areas with the aim of not only being able to enjoy the beauty of nature but also to gain additional useful knowledge.
Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Penggunaan QRIS sebagai Media Pembayaran Elektronik bagi Siswa SMK Wirorotomo Purwokerto
Authors: Yuniati Trihastuti , Riano Putra Pratama Okta , Samudra Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The use of cash in payment transactions has several drawbacks, including time inefficiencies, unavailability of denominations for change, the risk of counterfeit money, and the risk of theft or robbery. This weakness can be overcome by having a digital payment system, one of which is Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard or known as QRIS technology. The students of SMK Wirorotomo Purwokerto as young generations with great potential in conducting financial transactions in the future, need to be given socialization regarding payment transactions using QRIS. With this socialization and training activity, it is hoped that it can support the government's policy direction to go digital and implement cashless payments.
Sosialisasi Kegiatan Bimbingan Gratis Bagi Siswa UPTD SD Negeri 122358 Pematang Siantar
Authors: Napitupulu Selviana , Sirait Jumaria , Sibagariang Susy Alestriani , Manalu David Berthony , Butar-Butar Injen Pardamean , Sijabat Osco Parmonangan
Published: November 2023

Socialization of free tutoring activities is one of the efforts to accelerate the education acceleration program so that national education goals can be achieved. The socialization of this free tutoring activity was carried out by a team of volunteers from University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar with students at the elementary level located at UPTD SD Negeri 122358 Pematang Siantar. The purpose of this activity is to find out problems related to learning after the Covid-19 pandemic and the impact if character-based thematic learning programs with free tutoring are implemented. From the results of this training activity it was known that the enthusiasm of the students was very pleasant because they received free tutoring that they had never enjoyed before. This activity develops student motivation at school. The biggest hope of the students and teachers and leaders at the school is that this activity program can be sustainable so that it can help students.
Pelatihan Digital Marketing untuk Meningkatkan Produktifitas Warga Padukuhan Trukan Sriharjo Imogiri Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayatullah Hidayatullah , Kusumaningtyas Daru Putri , Yulianta Eka , Siyamto Yudi , Wibowo Prihartanto Eko
Published: November 2023

In this community service discuss about marketing digital to increase productivity in society. So far, the world of marketing has only been known conventionally, with developments in the world of technology today, it is time for products to be marketed in a professional manner.digital or online. LPPM Yogyakarta Administrative Management Academy in collaboration with the Imogiri Bantul Yogyakarta sub-district government carried out community service centered in the Trukan Sriharjo Imogiri Bantul hamlet, Yogyakarta. The purpose of this community service is to provide digital marketing training to business actors in the community. From this program it was concluded that the Trukan Sriharjo Imogiri Bantul Yogyakarta community had practiced it digital marketing although there are still some players who market their business products conventionally in nearby markets. With this program, it adds to the knowledge of the community in the worlddigital marketng even though it is still simple in nature through the application whatapp. Obstacles in this community service program are the lack of socialization and limited facilities and infrastructure when this training is carried out.
Pendampingan UMKM Rambak Mladri Melalui Pembuatan Logo dan Kemasan Serta Inovasi Penggunaan Media Online
Authors: Prafiota Diva , Pradani Duma Dian Agi , Larasati Ines Adela , Ramadhan Tegar Alfis , Dasmadi Dasmadi
Published: November 2023

Based on the result of the Rambak Mladri MSME assistance activities owned by Satiyem, it is known that knowledge about product branding through making logos and packaging is still lacking, the use of digital technology through digital media such as Instagram, Facebook, and WhatsApp is also still low. In this session MSME actors  are assisted in making logos and packaging that mobile, digital marketing through social media and providing education about the benefits and dangers of reducing social media, as well as providing location points on Google Maps so that virtual customers in society are easier to find. Looking for the location of MSME Rambak Mladri Satiyem which is in Mladri RT 04 RW 02, Tempursari village, Sambi, Boyolali.