bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyponatremia in Ischemic Stroke Patients Presented to the Neurology Department at the Nephrology Institute of Kidney Disease
Authors: Haseeb Abdul , Khan Rahmat Ali , Sardar Waqas , Ali Usman , Khan Raza Muhammad , Hanan Saad
Published: December 2022

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of hyponatremia in ischemic stroke patients. Material and Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. This research included all inpatients and outpatients at the Nephrology Institute of Kidney Disease from January 01, 2021, to December 31, 2022. A total of 214 people who had had a stroke were included in the analysis. On an official Proforma, the study's goals, potential harms, and potential rewards were laid out for the participant. Results: The study examined 214 people who had had an ischemic stroke. The average age of the patients was above 35. Patients' ages averaged 70 years. Male patients comprised 64% of the total, with 76 female patients making up 36% of the sample size. The Incidence of hyponatremia in individuals with ischemic stroke was 24%. The prevalence of hyponatremia increased dramatically between the ages of 51 and 75. Patients with hypertension were more likely to have hyponatremia than those without hypertension (31% vs. 12%, p=0.04). Diabetes doubled the Incidence of hyponatremia, which affected both sexes equally. (60 vs. 20 percent) The Incidence of hyponatremia in the context of an ischemic stroke was shown to be doubled in those with a high body mass index (BMI). (35% vs. 19%) Conclusion: There was a significant incidence and frequency of hyponatremia after stroke. The prognosis and mortality rate of stroke patients are already poor, and hyponatremia worsens the situation. Keywords: Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion, Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome, Hyponatremia, Stroke, Ischemic, and Hyponatremia.
The Insight into the Sex Differences in the Patients Diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tareen Huma Naeem , Sher Akhtar , Goher Fouzia , Hussain Iftikhar , Saif Mohsin , Khan Muhammad Rehan
Published: December 2022

Background: The limited knowledge is present about the outcomes associated with the patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The insufficient data about the sex difference in the post-interventions outcomes and disparities in management is available. Objective: This study aim was to determine the sex-related differences in the patient diagnosed with ACS. This study also aimed to determine how these differences have perished in a time span of one year. Study design: It is a retrospective study with the statistical approaches. Material and Methods: The data of the 1000 patients that visited to AFIC Rawalpindi was collected. The duration of the study was 6 months, from August 2021 to January 2022. The patients were diagnosed with the non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome were selected. The ethical and review board committee of the hospital approved the study. The patients were further grouped to ACS I and ACS II. Results: Out of the 1000 patients taken, there were 650 patients that had acute coronary syndrome I while there were 350 patients that had acute coronary syndrome II. Among the 650 patients of ACSI there were 430 males and 220 were female patients. And among the 350 ACSII there were 230 males and 120 were female. The study indicate that the older women have the higher cases with reported history of heart failure and hypertension. The higher mortality cases were also observed in the females. The association between coronary angiography in-hospital use and female gender was very weak. The physicians underestimate the risk associated with the diagnosed patients that leads to less use of invasive strategies for treatment of the men and women. Conclusion: Due to underestimation of the risks associated with the ACS patients the conservative methods are used for the treatment of the women. The poor in-hospital outcome are associated with the female gender. It was found that women are less likely to undergo coronary artery angioplasty and other cardiac procedures as compared to the male patients. Awareness is needed for both male and female to eliminate this gender disparity. Keywords: Coronary angiography, acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention, post-interventions outcomes and heart failure.
Frequency and Correlation of Hypogonadism in Men with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ali Adnan , Naeem Afaq , Naseer Laiba , Naeem Nadeem , Waheed Shahid , Mastoor Maryam
Published: December 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to determine the frequency and association of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 242 type 2 DM male patients in the Department of General Medicine, Bahria International Hospital, Lahore from 16th January 2022 to 15th July 2022. The Androgen deficiency in aging male (ADAM) questionnaire was used for screening hypogonadal symptoms in the study group. The presence of low serum testosterone below 3 ng/mL and positive ADAM score was referred to as hypogonadism. T2DM patients with and without hypogonadism had their clinical and biochemical variables compared. Total testosterone, BMI, free testosterone, waist circumference, and sex hormone–binding globulin were measured. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 242 T2DM male patients, the prevalence of hypogonadism was 24.8% (n=60). The most prevalent symptoms in T2DM patients were hypogonadal symptoms. The overall mean age was 45.8± 9.63 years with range (25-70 years). Mean BMI value was 24.8 ± 3.64 kg/m2. The incidence of overweight and obese patients were 17.8% and 49.3% respectively. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction, reduced libido, and work performance deterioration in hypogonadism were 94.8%, 68.2%, and 56.3% respectively. T2DM patients without hypogonadism had lower a) incidence of diabetic neuropathy (18.6% vs. 43.8%; p=0.021), b) T2DM duration (5.3± 3.82 vs. 9.2± 4.9 years; P=0.002), c) occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (26.9% vs. 57.8%; P=0.006), and d) HbA1c (8.9± 1.53% vs. 9.9 ± 2.54%: P=0.005), and insulin therapy (21.5% vs. 45.8%: P=0.031) compared to those with hypogonadism. Conclusion: The present study found that prevalence of hypogonadism was 24.8% in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with hypogonadism had higher HbA1c, higher prevalence of neuropathy and retinopathy, longer diabetic duration, and predominantly used insulin therapy than those T2DM patients without hypogonadism. Keywords: Hypogonadism, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Androgen deficiency in aging male (ADAM).
Prevalence and Effect of Stroke Associated Pneumonia on in-Hospital Stay, Mortality and Functional Outcome at Discharge from Hospital
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Kazim , Naeem Afaq , Masood Muhammad Haseeb , Farooq Hira , Ijaz Iqra , Fatima Najma
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim: Stroke is the most prominent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide especially in developing countries. The stroke outcome mainly related to the presence of complications and severity. Stroke associated pneumonia is the post stroke infection significantly associated with a longer hospitalization, increased risk of hospital mortality, and functional outcomes. There is scarcity of data regarding stroke associated pneumonia on a local basis in the developing countries. Therefore, present study aimed to find out the prevalence and effect of stroke associated pneumonia on in-hospital stay, mortality, and function outcome. Methodology: This observational prospective study was conducted on 500 stroke patients in the Department of Neurology and Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from April 2021 to March 2022. Prior to study conduction, written informed consent and ethical approval was taken. All the participants were recruited for this study. Stroke was diagnosed based on relevant clinical history, brain imaging either by CT scan or MRI, and focused physical examination. Stroke patients of either gender above 18 years age with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and given written consent were included. All those patients who are already having disability due to previous stroke and other neurological or non-neurological issues were excluded from study. Baseline characteristics were recorded. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 500 stroke patients, there were 232 (46.4%) male and 268 (53.6%) females. The overall mean age was 62.4 ± 12.6 years. The prevalence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was 334 (66.8%) and 166 (33.2%) respectively among 500 stroke patients. Hemiparesis was the most prevalent neurological findings 464 (92.8%) followed by facial palsy 432 (86.4%) and swallowing disturbance 262 (52.4%). About 186 (37.2%) stroke patients were complicated by stroke associated pneumonia. Multivariate regression analysis was used and revealed that stroke associated pneumonia could be developed in older age patients > 70 years Adjusted odd ratio AOR= 3.862 (1.21-12.86) (p=0.031) who suffered from swallowing disturbance AOR= 4.728, (2.415-9.102) (p<0.001), epileptic seizures AOR= 2.749 (1.315-5.681) (p<0.001), and moderate to severe stroke AOR= 6.183 (2.036-17.647) (p<0.001) (NIHSS=16-21). Conclusion: The present study concluded that prevalence of SAP was 37.2%. Stroke associated pneumonia is a significant medical issue or complications in stroke patients. Furthermore, older stroke patients with epileptic seizure, swallowing disturbance, and stroke severity from moderate to severe were the risk factors for increasing stroke associated pneumonia. Close monitoring and effective intervention might be needed for high risk SAP in stroke patients. Keywords: Stroke associated pneumonia, Functional outcome, Mortality, Hospital stay, Stroke
Serum Vitamin D Level in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and its Relation with Severity
Authors: Sami Ubaid Ullah , Rehman Saeed Ur , Ghafoor Adnan , Naser Zayed , Ahmad Saleh , Din Hafeez Ud
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The COPD is a serious epidemic-level public health issue. Patients with COPD have been found to have low vitamin D serum levels in a number of studies. Aim: The goal of the study was to determine whether there was a relationship between vitamin D serum levels and the severity of COPD by comparing the levels in COPD patients at stages II, III, and IV to those in the control group. Study Design: A Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: In the Pulmonology department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar and District Headquarter Hospital, Timergara Dir-Lower KPK during the period from January 2022 to June 2022. Methods: The study included 140 participants in total, including 70 COPD patients and 70 controls for comparison. Patients were included from the outpatient department and medical wards. According to GOLD guidelines, advanced COPD staging II, III, and IV were done. In SPSS 21.0, inferential and descriptive statistics were accomplished. Results: COPD was found in 34.3%, 37.1%, and 28.6% of people in stages II, III, and IV, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between lower vitamin D levels and advanced COPD patients, with the mean vitamin D serum concentration in COPD patients being 16.01 ng/ml and the vitamin D mean concentration in healthy controls being 35.98 ng/ml. (p<0.0001). The severity of COPD was supposed to be inversely related with vitamin D serum levels. Conclusions: The vitamin D serum levels were found lesser in patients with advanced COPD (stages II, III, and IV) than in the general population correlated with GOLD staging. Keywords: Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung diseases; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Vitamin D levels
Contrast Induced Nephropathy and its Predictors after Primary Percutaneous Intervention
Authors: . Nasrullah , Solangi Aftab Ahmed , Jamil Amir , . Zahirullah , . Khalid , Yaqoob Rizwan Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Background: contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the most common complications associated with contrast media after angiographic procedures. The therapeutic intervention for CIN after the procedure, to date, is not yet conclusive. Therefore, the main reliance for the management of CIN is considered to be adequate assessment of risk-benefit and the preventive strategies. A little research has been done to identify the predictors of CIN in Pakistan. Objective: To assess the incidence and the predictors of CIN in our setting. Methodology: A total of 120 patients of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore who underwent primary PCI during January to July 2022, were observed to CIN through cross-sectional observational study. The baseline and some postprocedural laboratory findings, angiographic and interventional characteristics were observed on a pre-formed Performa and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Logistic regression analysis was implied to assess the independent predictors of CIN. Results and conclusion: CIN developed in 15% of the patients. LVEF, admission blood glucose, haemoglobin, eGFR, and contrast volume greater than 100 ml were all shown to be linked with CIN in univariate analysis. Age, eGFR, admission serum glucose, diabetes mellitus, and contrast volume more than 100 ml were shown to be independent predictors of CIN in the study participants.
Urinary Tract Infection due to Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Organisms is a risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury among Patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: Ullah Naimat , Ali Talal , Rahman Obaid Ur , Ahmed Sheeraz , Hamza Muhammad , Noorani Muhammad Zain
Published: December 2022

Background: UTI is one of the most prevalent bacterial infection in the adults. It is reported that the risk of ESBL-positive UTI are greater in the diabetic patients with the poor glycemic control. Acute kidney damage (AKI) and sepsis may complicate the cases of UTI. Objective: This study was carried out to find whether the UTI caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Organisms is a risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury among Patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Study design: It is a case control study conducted at the nephrology department of Al-Nafees medical college and hospital Islamabad for the duration of six months from January 2022 to June 2022. Material and Material: This study was conducted on 98 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, included majority were female members (n=55) and there were (n=43) male. The patients who had proven UTI infection were consider as the subjects for this study from their culture testing. Results: The average age of patients was 57.5 years. The diabetes mellitus mean duration was 8.77±5.77. It was seen that age, sex and duration of diabetes mellitus has no impact on the condition as no significant difference was seen. Conclusion: It was found that the UTI caused due to ESBL Producing Organisms like E. coli and K. pneumonia. The risk of developing UTI in diabetes mellitus type II is higher in case of ESBL producing organism infection. It is also a risk factor for acute kidney infection. Keywords: E. coli and acute kidney infection.
Evaluation of Lord’s Anal Dilatation for Incontinence & Recurrence in the Management of Anal Fissure
Authors: Kamran Haider , Khan Enas Nawaz , Shuja Muhammad Ibrahim , Tasleem Muhammad , Shabbir Uzma , Zafar Valeeja
Published: December 2022

Background: Fissure-in-Ano is a commonly seen entity in surgical practice. Various approaches had been adapted since ages for its management including both conservative & surgical. Amongst the surgical approaches Lord’s Anal Dilatation (LAD) is a modality long been practiced to manage patients not responding to conservative treatment & those with chronic anal fissure. Recent trend is towards preferential practice of Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) in the management of anal fissure. Pleaders of LIS are critical as well to the approach of LAD, although LAD in many clinical setups is still a widely practiced & viable option, especially in third world countries. Objective of conducting this study is to evaluate the LAD in our hospital setup for its much debated complications of incontinence and recurrence. Methods: This descriptive study was designed & carried out at the surgical units of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from November 01, 2012 to May 31, 2017. A total of 129 patients with acute anal fissure (not responding to conservative measures, being in agony) & chronic anal fissure (duration longer than 06 weeks) were included in study after taking informed consent. Patients were managed with LAD & later followed for 01 year for the evidence of permanent flatus / faecal incontinence & fissure recurrence. Results: Out of the 129 patients included in study we had successfully been able to follow 102 patients for one year, while 27 patients were lost at various stages of follow-up and thus dropped off the final stage of study (i.e. calculation of incontinence & recurrence rate). Post-operative pain intensity & early mobility factor was found much better in this study. 23 patients initially complaining of flatus incontinence for 02–09 days were settled with pelvic floor exercises while none was found with an early or late complication of faecal incontinence. Similarly follow-up for 01 year period revealed none with recurrence issue. Conclusion: LAD in our study proved a safe & effective approach in the management of patients with anal fissure un-responsive to conservative measures, having no permanent incontinence or recurrence issues & may therefore be safely practiced in our setup like LIS procedure. Keywords: Anal fissure, Lord’s anal dilatation, lateral internal sphincterotomy, incontinence, recurrence
Our Experience with Laparoscopic Appendectomy at the Department of Pediatric Surgery LRH Peshawar
Authors: Khan Muhammad Younas , Maroof Syed Asad , Iqbal Fayaz , Saleem Wardah , Shoaib Muhmmand , . Kifayat
Published: December 2022

Aim and Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic appendectomy for children performed as emergency or emergency surgery at MTI/LRH in Peshawar, Pakistan. Material & Methods: From January 2020 to December 2022, the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Teaching Institute, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar studied acute appendicitis in children. This study comprised children with clinically confirmed acute appendicitis as indicated by blood complete, HBs Ag, HCV, ultrasound, and primary assessment. The pediatric surgical unit maintained direct resuscitation of patients' NPO for at least 6 hours, began antibiotics, and performed laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. This strategy avoids additional treatment, saves time and money, reduces hospital-acquired infections and other hospital dangers, and allows for excellent local infection control without pus spreading throughout the peritoneal cavity. Laparoscopic surgery makes cholecystectomy a few-day procedure instead of a week. Laparoscopic appendectomy reduces hospital stays for children. Thus, we examined our data to determine whether children may have an emergency or same-day laparoscopic appendectomy (24-hour postoperative stay). We reviewed all three-year-olds who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for suspected appendicitis. Results: Acute appendicitis afflicted 79 children, 4/1 male-to-female. 79 2- to 16-year-olds underwent laparoscopic appendectomy surgeries. 5% of children after laparoscopic appendectomy developed perforated appendicitis and needed an open appendectomy. Forty-one (64.5%) had severe appendicitis before surgery. 22 (27.2%) had perforated appendicitis, (5%) had ovarian cyst rupture, and 2.5% had no pathology. Surgery averaged 54 minutes. 14 of 79 primary wound closure patients had their right lower quadrant peritoneal cavity emptied. All 79 patients underwent successful appendectomy operations. Wound infection (6 patients) and stomach pain (4 patients) were the most prevalent sequelae managed conservatively. Four patients required readmission and laparotomy due to intestinal obstruction and other issues. Thirty-two children were released within 24 hours after laparoscopic appendectomy. The control group had no significant morbidity (drug rash,1: fever, 3). Practical implication: This study will provide the data on the effectiveness of the laparoscopic appendectomy for the treatment of Appendicitis. Conclusion: Our study shows that the current laparoscopic appendectomy method for treating adorable appendicitis in children is safe and may be performed as a fast-track or same-day operation with a postoperative stay of fewer than 24 hours in some children who do not have perforated appendicitis. Keywords: Laparoscopic appendectomy, Pediatric Laparoscopy, fast-track same-day surgery
Infants and Children who Experience From Rectal Prolapse
Authors: Khan Muhammad Younas , Maroof Syed Asad , Iqbal Fayaz , Saleem Wardah , Shoaib Muhmmand , . Kifayat
Published: December 2022

Aim and Objective: to understand the outcomes of treating pediatric rectal prolapse with injection sclerotherapy using 5% phenol in almond oil. Setting & Design: Department of Pediatric Surgery MTI / LRH, Peshawar, Pakistan. A- Descriptive Study the duration of study from June 2021 to June 2022 Material & Method: In Pediatric Surgery, rectal prolapse is a prevalent issue with various potential solutions. Injection sclerotherapy was one of the techniques studied in this analysis of treatments for children with rectal prolapse. Patients who have had complete prolapse for more than three months were considered. Patients were checked in 24 hours before surgery. Before the procedure began, a Kleen Enema was administered. This operation was done while the patient was under general anesthesia. Sclerotherapy was performed by injecting a solution of 5% phenol in almond oil. While the patient was unconscious, an injection was placed in the rectum's submucosa. 8-10mL of a 5% phenol in almond oil solution was injected at 3-4 linear locations. Every patient was monitored for a whole month to look for signs of recurrence. Results: A total of 42 individuals were seen. There were 32 men and ten women among the total number of patients. Children as young as two years old and as elderly as eight years old were involved. A prolapse might endure between three months to four years. For 26 people, chronic diarrhea was a recognized problem. Sclerotherapy injections were administered to a total of 26 patients. There were no issues from the anesthesia or the procedure itself. There was no evidence of a recurrence during the one-month follow-up. Practical implication: This study will review our experience with the treatment of rectal prolapse in children and to formulate a management strategy based on outcome. Conclusions: Rectal prolapse may be successfully treated securely, affordably, and efficiently with injectable therapy using 5% phenol and almond oil. Keywords: Recto Prolapse, Sclerotherapy, children, injectable therapy, Sclerotherapy
Efficacy of Secukinumab in Moderate to Severe Psoriasis Vulgaris: A Prospective Study
Authors: Tirmizi Syeda Shahmoona
Published: December 2022

Objective: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that potentially needs long-term treatment. Multiple remedies treating psoriasis have been accepted in which Secukinumab is a totally humanized, IL-17A monoclonal used for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Hence, this study focused to evaluate the effectiveness of Secukinumab in moderate to severely affected psoriasis patients. Methodology: This was a Prospective interventional multicenter study conducted by using consecutive sampling technique. The ethical approval was approved from the Institutional Review Board. The duration of study was about one year after synopsis approval. A total of 138 adult patients between 18-65 years of both genders with diagnosed cases of psoriasis vulgaris having lesions on scalp, face, hands, and genital areas were included. Treatment started by the single dosage of 300 mg Secukinumab that was administered subcutaneously once weekly for 4 weeks and followed up by once a month for 52 weeks. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the association between baseline and at various weeks of follow ups. Results: The study results showed that out of 138 patients, 112(81.2%) were males and 26(18.8%) were females and their mean age was 40.47±9.55 years. As far as severity of Psoriasis is concerned, 55(39.9%) were moderately affected while 83(60.1%) were severely affected. Concerning distribution of Psoriasis, Plaque Psoriasis was observed in 117(84.8%) patients, 57(41.3%) reported Scalp Psoriasis, 137(99.3%) reported Pustular psoriasis, and Itching was reported in 120(87.0%) patients. Comparison of baseline PASI scores with different weeks in moderately and severely affected psoriasis patients revealed that there was statistically significant rapid reduction observed from mean of baseline PASI scores till 12 weeks (p<0.001), Conclusion: This study concluded that Secukinumab is an extremely effectual, rapid-acting biological therapy with no evident side effects. Furthermore, it was observed that secukinumab significantly reduced the baseline PASI score till 12 week rapidly in moderately and severely affected psoriasis patients. Keywords: Psoriasis vulgaris, PASI score, rapid-acting biological therapy, Secukinumab,
The Doubts Concerning Ptolemy
Authors: Heysem İbnü’l
Published: December 2022

After the 3rd century Hijri, when the most intense and original works on science and art in the Islamic world were revealed, Ibn al-Haytham (d. 1040) wrote works in the fields of geometry, physics, astronomy, especially optics. His scientific studies influenced not only his own period but also his successors. Therefore, it is necessary to convey the scientific personality and method of Ibn al-Haytham to today’s readers in order to transfer our ancient heritage to future generations. This book is an analysis, a text and a translation study of Ibn al-Haytham’s work called al-Shukûk alâ Ptolemy. The aforementioned work is the critique of three books written by Ptolemy on Mathematike Syntaxis/ Almagest (al-Macistî), PlanetaryHypotheses (al-Iqtisâs), and Optics (al-Manâzır). According toIbn al-Haytham, the inconsistencies that disrupted Ptolemy’sastronomy stem from the inconsistency between the mathematical theory of planets and cosmology. Although Ptolemy’sGeocentric system uses Aristotle’s physics, the concept of the displacement of the Earth from the center, the epicycle circle, and the equinant is contrary to Aristotelian physics. For this reason, Ibn al-Haytham desires to put Ptolemy’s astronomy on a more solid ground by clearing out its internal inconsistencies. In addition, in order to reach the truth in science, he aimed to eliminate the prejudices and the pressure of the authority. For this reason, Ibn al-Haytham criticized the planetary models of Ptolemy, who is considered an authority in astronomy, ensured that these models were reconsidered and he started the “tradition of doubt”.After the criticisms of Ibn al-Haytham, Islamic astronomy made progress in efforts to reconstruct the mathematical structure of Ptolemy’s astronomy, on the one hand, and to put this mathematical structure on a physical basis, on the other.
Usûlü’l-Hikem fî Nizâmi’l-Ümem
Authors: Müteferrika İbrahim
Published: December 2022

İbrahim Müteferrika’s book, Usûlü’l-hikem fî nizâmi’l-ümem, is one of the most important books on Turkish modernization. There have been many studies about the book; one was a simplification and the other was a transcription of the printed version of the book. On the other hand, it is understood that there are many problems in these studies such as deficiencies, omissions and mistakes. The presented study prepared for eliminating the deficiencies of the abovementioned studies. In this study, firstly, information about İbrahim Müteferrika’s life and his appendices and copyright publications are given. Then, the title of Usûlü’l-hikem, date of publication, the purpose of study, context and whom it was presented were discussed. The purpose of writing Usûlü’l-hikem, which offered many new concepts and topics, is to bring solutions on how to solve the main problems in the Ottoman military organization. Thus, Müteferrika explains the new developments in the Christian armies, and how these developments effected the Ottoman wars by giving examples from history. He uses nizâm-ı cedîd as a base for his explanations. According to Müteferrika, nizâm-ı cedîd means a trained and professionalized army or ganization. He recommends that the Christian nations should be followed for military modernization; even, shows the Great Petro, whose attempts achieved results, as an example. Usûlü’lhikem, had a profound impact on the Ottoman intellectual life from the period it was written onwards, and the way leading to the foundation of the Nizâm-ı Cedîd Army. The book consists of three main chapters. In the first chapter, it is explained that the soldier should be in order. In addition, the benefits of order are explained in this chapter. In the second chapter of the book, the benefits of the science of geography and the importance of being aware of the enemies are explained with examples. Finally, in the last chapter, the military classes of Europe, their order, and the conditions of the soldiers in both war and peace are discussed in detail. Usûlü’l-hikem, was published in 1732 in 500 copies as the ninth book of the printing house. Thereafter, manuscript copies based on the printed copy were also prepared. Nowadays, there are many manuscript copies of Usûlü’l-hikem, not only at home but also abroad. In this study, seven manuscript copies in Turkey were also compared. After that, we focused on which sources İbrahim Müteferrika used while writing and the effects of the work after him. Finally, we presented Usûlü’lhikem’s transcription based on the printed version.
Crashworthiness of a type 228M rail vehicle
Authors: Witkowski Dawid , Tarnawski Piotr , Stefańska Natalia
Published: December 2022

This article presents rail vehicles crashworthiness issues based on the design of the 228M type light railcar. Meeting the requirements of the standard requires the application of appropriate components dedicated to energy absorption and ensuring adequate strength of the body. After analysing the scenarios, it can be concluded whether type light rail vehicle 228M meets the normative requirements for crashworthiness.
Perlukah Strategi Marketing dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa (Pekon)?
Authors: Kusnindar Arum Arupi
Published: December 2022

Marketing in politics is an interdisciplinary concept, namely politics, communication and marketing and involves the process of analysis, development and implementation of marketing strategies to direct opinions in choosing constituents. Marketing in the political field is strongly influenced by special conditions in an area, therefore, marketing strategies that are successful in one area are not always successful in other areas. This research is a quantitative research with a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The study was conducted in five villages in Pringsewu Regency. The results showed that there was no difference in marketing strategy among village heads. However, there are differences in the preferred approach. This research is expected to encourage further research on marketing in the political field, especially in the era of information technology with a technological approach
Path Analysis of Economic Growth and Government Spending on Education Impact on the Human Development Index in Indonesia
Authors: Nainggolan Lora Ekana , Lie Darwin , Nainggolan Nana Triapnita , Sembiring Lenny Dermawan , Sudirman Acai
Published: December 2022

Economic development is determined by many factors, for example by the state of natural resources, human resource capabilities, and technology. Many countries are expanding references to political-economic development that still focus on the availability of their natural resources. Experience in some developed countries such as Japan and Singapore shows that the availability of natural resources is in fact not a dominant factor in political-economic development. Countries with limited natural resources have, it turns out to have a comparative advantage in the field of human resources and technology. The development of human resources needs to get dominant attention due to the limitations of its natural resources. The responsibility for development lies with the community and the government.
Analisis Pembentukan Portofolio Saham Optimal menggunakan Pendekatan Model Indeks Tunggal sebagai Dasar Keputusan Investasi
Authors: Setiawan Cindy Devina , Dewi Vera Intanie
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is identify stocks that are included in the optimal portfolio of 45 stocks that are the most liquid and actively traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which are often referred to as LQ45 Index stocks. The research period is December 2017-December 2020. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and 30 companies were selected to be used as research samples. The analytical technique used in this research is using the Single Index This research results showed that there were thirteen stocks of portfolio candidates from thirty stocks researched with the cut-off-rate (C*) of 0,00385. Six of thirteen stocks which have the biggest excess return to beta (ERB) make up the optimum portfolio: ANTM (1.59%), INCO (1.14%), BBCA (1.06%), WIKA (0.67%), PTBA (0.66%), SMGR (0.56%). The optimum portfolio comprises the proportion of funds from the six shares is BBCA (43.40%); ANTM (21.05%); INCO (18.81%), WIKA (6.12%), PTBA (5.85%) and SMGR (4.78%). Expected Return Portfolio and Portfolio Variant are 2.44% and 2.61%, respectively. The conclusion that can be recommended for rational investors is to invest their funds in the optimum portfolio comprises BBCA, ANTM, INCO, WIKA, PTBA and SMGR stocks.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Frontliner PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Cabang Polewali di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nurfitriani Nurfitriani , Rukiah Rukiah
Published: December 2022

Kecerdasan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan dan penentu kesuksesan seseorang, selebihnya dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan intelektual. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kecerdasan emosional, kinerja karyawan, dan pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja karyawan frontliner PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Cabang Polewali pada era pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner penelitian, sampel 55 responden menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Hasil analisis deskriptif penelitian menunjukan kecerdasan emosional karyawan frontliner pada penelitian ini dikategorikan cukup yaitu sebanyak 33 responden atau sekitar 60%, nilai rata-rata 4,38 dan standar deviasi 0,37. Sedangkan kinerja karyawan frontliner penelitian ini juga dikategorikan cukup yaitu 32 responden (58,18%), nilai rata-rata 4,39, standar deviasi 0,38. Kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan frontliner PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia pada masa pandemi covid-19, nilai thitung 8,569 > ttabel 1,674 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil 0,050 (5%). Besarnya pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 58,10%, sisanya 41,90% dipengaruhi variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
A pandemia e o acesso à educação: evidenciando a desigualdade digital.
Authors: Lara Marina Garcia
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo foi organizado a partir de dados sobre o acesso à educação durante a pandemia por Covid-19 obtidos na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (Pnad), Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação (Cetic) e TIC Domicílios. Em um momento em que a internet era o único e exclusivo meio de acesso à educação, objetivou-se identificar quais foram os desafios enfrentados pelos estudantes diante da impossibilidade do ensino presencial. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa: estudo etnográfico sobre o acesso à educação durante a pandemia. A partir da produção e análise dos dados, é possível inferir que a pandemia não causou impacto somente na demanda por rede, mas evidenciou a desigualdade digital. É possível perceber que o acesso às Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs), instrumentos que dariam acesso às aulas remotas, estão mais garantidos para quem tem mais recursos no Brasil. Fica evidente, portanto, a necessidade de ações governamentais que tornem mais equilibrado o caminho de acesso à uma educação de qualidade para todos os cidadãos.
Formação docente e práxis pedagógica em Educação Física: tecendo novos horizontes da educação para a saúde no contexto escolar
Authors: Fernandes Maria Petrília Rocha , Ribeiro Manoela de Castro Marques , Freitas Mirian Silva , Barros Elainny Patrícia Lima , Sanders Cyro Domingues Martins de , Ferreira Heraldo Simões
Published: December 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a formação e a práxis pedagógica de professores de Educação Física para o desenvolvimento da educação para a saúde no contexto escolar. A metodologia utilizada caracterizou-se por uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva, a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa. O universo da pesquisa foi formado por 7 (sete) professores de Educação Física da rede estadual de ensino no município de Sobral-Ceará. Os resultados evidenciam que a formação dos professores para a educação para a saúde ainda apresenta fragilidades, o que consequentemente justifica as lacunas evidenciadas na práxis pedagógica dos professores de Educação Física quanto a abordagem da temática saúde. Portanto, a saúde na escola deve facilitar o desenvolvimento integral do aluno a partir da construção de saberes sobre a promoção da saúde, bem como a compreensão crítica acerca das desigualdades sociais que impedem o acesso aos serviços de saúde e à informação por parte da população como um todo.
Gamificando Ciências para o Ensino Fundamental: um jogo digital sobre o sistema planetário
Authors: Martins Júnior Vilmar Henrique , Lima José Ricardo Santos de , Almeida Gylnara Kylma Feitosa Carvalhêdo , Ribamar Mendes Almeida Will , Magalhães Yonara Costa
Published: December 2022

A aprendizagem de Ciências colabora para a formação holística do ser humano e contribui para a construção de uma visão ampliada de mundo. Para uma trilha de aprendizagem mais efetiva deve-se considerar diversas metodologias e recursos, para favorecer a diversidade de perfis de aprendizagem dos estudantes e o desenvolvimento de múltiplas competências. A partir deste contexto, desenvolveu-se um jogo educativo digital para Android - o SpaceTour, na área de ciências da natureza para crianças do Ensino Fundamental (EF) relacionado ao sistema solar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa ação de natureza aplicada, organizada em 5 etapas: pesquisa bibliográfica, concepção, modelagem (design e a engine do jogo), codificação (Construct3), testes e validação. A validação foi realizada em duas rodadas, novembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, por uma pesquisa de campo, fundamentada na experiência da utilização do jogo por professores de ciências do EF, com questionários. A validação contemplou a interface, o personagem, o enredo e a contribuição do jogo, obtendo-se boa aceitação e reconhecimento sua contribuição para a aprendizagem.
Os fundamentos da assistência social: o benefício de prestação continuada à pessoa com deficiência
Authors: Ienerich da Silva Antonio Janiel , Grazzi Keske Henrique Alexander
Published: December 2022

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a presença da pessoa com deficiência no mercado de trabalho e a percepção das mesmas a respeito do Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), já que é comum as pessoas sem deficiência acreditarem que as pessoas com deficiência tendem a preferir o benefício à uma vaga de emprego. O objetivo principal deste artigo é trazer os preceitos legais do benefício além de falar da percepção das pessoas com deficiência acerca do seu acesso e a questão fundamental do senso comum de que “preferem o benefício ao trabalho”. A proposta do texto é versar sobre os marcos legais, mas também abrir espaço para que as próprias pessoas envolvidas na causa, ou seja, pessoas com deficiência deem sua opinião sobre o acesso ao benefício e sua importância.
Garantia da saúde mental de trabalhadores de saúde no direito brasileiro em tempos de pandemia
Authors: De Carvalho Dantas Claudia , Dantas Fernanda de Carvalho , Soares Lidia Santos , Silva Carolina Vilela Santos da , Palermo Matheus Vidal Azevedo , Batista Nathalia Rodrigues , Silva Lucas Lima da , Jacintho Ludmila de Oliveira , Marins Cátia Luzia dos Santos , Ferreira Eliane Helena
Published: December 2022

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivos apresentar principais normas que protegem o direito à saúde mental no trabalho e descrever medidas protetivas e preventivas da saúde mental de trabalhadores da área da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-reflexivo baseado em revisão de literatura de abordagem qualitativa. Verifica-se que o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro possui normas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais que garantem o direito à saúde mental, em especial, no âmbito laborativo. Como medidas de proteção e prevenção, os Ministérios da Saúde e organismos internacionais determinam ações a serem implementadas como forma de garantir a saúde mental de trabalhadores de saúde. Conclui-se que as instituições empregadoras devem buscar pela constante atualização nesta área e promover medidas para garantir a implementação de ações que visem à saúde mental do trabalhador, bem como, o estado deve aumentar a fiscalização nesses cenários para resguardar esse importante direito constitucional. Espera-se que Estado e empregadores se conscientizem para a importância da saúde mental dos trabalhadores e implementem políticas públicas e uma gestão humanizada.
When ‘Good Enough’ Is Not Enough: The Role of Maximizing or Satisficing Decision-Making Styles, Innovation Behavior, and Entrepreneurial Alertness in the Pursuit of New Business Opportunities
Authors: Soltwisch Brandon , Ma Dalong , Syed Imran
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates whether an individual’s tendency to maximize when making decisions influences their entrepreneurial intentions, innovation behavior, entrepreneurial alertness, and opportunity evaluation. It is predicted that maximizers will have greater entrepreneurial intentions. Underlying this process, it is predicted that maximizers will report greater innovation behavior and entrepreneurial alertness. Using data from a survey of 253 working professionals in the U.S., hypotheses are tested using multiple regression and mediation analysis. The results suggest that maximizers have higher entrepreneurial intentions, and that this relationship is mediated by their innovation behavior and entrepreneurial alertness. A second study is conducted with a survey of 192 students to explore how maximizers evaluate a specific entrepreneurial opportunity, and how their evaluation influences their entrepreneurial intentions. Using mediation analysis, findings of study 2 suggest that maximizers are more likely to see business opportunities as attractive, which increases their entrepreneurial intentions. The second study also replicates the main results of study 1 in a unique sample.
An Empirical Examination of the Impact of Initial Capital, Prior Experience, and R&D on SMEs’ Survival and Economic Performance: Moderating Role of Innovation Culture
Authors: Bokhari Syed Asad Abbas
Published: December 2022

SMEs’ survival and performance continue to be a central concern for strategy experts. Numerous factors affect the SMEs’ survival for new entrants in the industry. This study incorporates research on the survival and performance of new entrant SMEs in a relationship with initial capital investment, experience, R&D, and innovation culture. We examined the influence of the SMEs’ initial investment, experience, R&D, and innovation culture on their survival and performance guided by the evolutionary model of entry and exit to conclude whether these are positively related to each other. Further, we investigated moderated role of innovation culture between initial capital, experience, R&D, and firm performance. The outcomes of this study established on a large size sample of 337 SMEs suggest that firms with a large initial investment, prior experience, and R&D have higher probabilities of survival and economic performance, and innovation culture strengthens the relationship between predictor and outcome constructs.
The INFLUENCE of SELLER CARRY NOTES in TRANSACTION PRICING of SALES of CLOSELY HELD BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Cooper John R. , Cooper Patty B.
Published: December 2022

The concept of business exit has been relatively well explored in the literature in terms of publicly traded companies. However, exit from privately held companies has received much less attention. The principal question to be examined by this research is to determine whether or not there is an increase in the transaction price of a privately held firm upon owner exit when a seller carry note is part or all of the consideration. Using a sample of privately held firm sales, we find that the existence of a seller carry note is positively related to a higher transaction price in the sale of these companies. This finding implies a spillover effect that indicates the full risk of carrying the note is not borne by the rate of interest on the note. This information is important to business exit outcomes for owners and managers of these firms as they negotiate the transaction price for their companies and to researchers attempting to increase their understanding of owner exit from privately held business organizations.
El fenómeno del COVID persistente: una revisión
Authors: Álvarez Cristian , Quintanilla Wilmer , Álvarez-Tejada Jelssy , García Nency
Published: December 2022

Introducción. La condición post COVID-19 o COVID persistente es la enfermedad que ocurre en las personas que tienen historia de infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2; que persisten con síntomas y efectos a 3 meses de haber tenido la enfermedad y que duran al menos dos meses Métodos. Para efectos de este estudio, se realizó una revisión de la literatura disponible en distintos buscadores científicos (Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar), y página web de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en el periodo entre junio a agosto de 2022. Para ser considerados, los artículos analizados debían estar publicados en revistas indizadas. Desarrollo. Existe evidencia que hasta 1 en 5 pacientes COVID-19 pueden sufrir de COVID persistente. Se han reportado aparición de síndromes post COVID-19 afectando diferentes sistemas del cuerpo. Debe sospecharse en todos los pacientes con síntomas persistentes sin ninguna otra explicación. No existe un tratamiento específico hasta el momento, cada caso debe ser abordado por un equipo multidisciplinario. Conclusión. El COVID persistente es un mal frecuente en pacientes post COVID-19, que se debe detectar y tratar con diligencia. Se necesitan más estudios a nivel mundial para desarrollar datos confiables y guías de tratamiento.