bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sea Ice Interannual Variability and Sensitivity to Fall Oceanic Conditions and Winter Air Temperature in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada
Authors: Galbraith Peter S. , Sévigny Caroline , Bourgault Daniel , Dumont Dany
Published: July 2024

The Gulf of St. Lawrence has been nearly free of sea ice in the winter six times in its recorded history, four of which have occurred since 2010. This study examines the inter‐annual variability of sea ice cover characteristics (1969–2024) and winter mixed layer heat content (1996–2024), their sensitivity to fall oceanic conditions (since fall of 1995) and to winter air temperatures. The study finds no relationship between fall oceanic conditions with either the first occurrence of sea ice, maximum seasonal estimated volume or winter mixed layer heat content. However, it shows that the first occurrence of sea ice in the northwestern Gulf is related to the timing of sea surface temperature crossing the 1°C threshold with a lag time of 30–37 days, and with air temperature dropping below −2°C with a lag of 37–44 days; longer lags have weak correlations. The seasonal maximum conditions in area or estimated volume can be estimated by the preceding measurements of the same metrics with a lead time of only 29 days for volume and 36 days for area. The average air temperature over the Gulf between December and February or March is highly correlated to seasonal maximum sea ice area and estimated volume, as well as ice season duration. The six nearly ice‐free winters correspond to the warmest December to February (or December to March) average air temperatures over the Gulf. A warming of >1.9°C–2.4°C (DJFM) or >2.2°C–2.9°C (DJF) above the 1991–2020 climatology leads to nearly ice‐free conditions.
How Sticky Is It Outside?
Authors: Dieckman Emily
Published: July 2024

Researchers introduce a new variable to quantify the relative contributions of heat and humidity to humid heat.
Fine Crust‐Mantle Structure of the Major Tectonic Boundaries Between the North China Craton and Central Asian Orogenic Belt Revealed From Rayleigh Wave Phase Velocities and Receiver Functions
Authors: Yang Tingwei , Xu Tao , Ai Yinshuang , Yang Jinhui , Yuan Huaiyu
Published: July 2024

The Tanlu Fault Zone (TLFZ) and Chifeng‐Kaiyuan Fault (CKF) serve as tectonic boundaries between the North China Craton (NCC) and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Clarifying the refined structure of these tectonic boundaries is crucial for understanding the relationships between the tectonic units and the heterogeneity in the destruction of the NCC. In this study, two linear seismic arrays were deployed across these tectonic boundaries. Based on the phase velocity dispersion and receiver functions extracted from the seismic arrays, the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm was employed for the joint inversion of the S‐wave velocity (Vs) in the crust and uppermost mantle. The Vs model was then used to correct the time differences in common conversion point (CCP) stacking. The CCP stacking results indicate that the boundary faults TLFZ and CKF are both whole‐crustal faults that separate the NCC and CAOB. The Vs structure showed a significant low‐velocity anomaly in the mantle beneath the NCC, with intense seismic activity within the crust. This suggests that the NCC was affected by the subduction of the Western Pacific, leading to crustal and mantle destruction. In contrast, the CAOB exhibited a clear high‐velocity anomaly with relatively stable crustal structures. We believe that the NCC and CAOB have undergone structural modification and destruction due to the closure of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean and the activities of the TLFZ since the Late Mesozoic. During the Cenozoic, the region east of the TLFZ experienced more significant destruction in the NCC than the other adjacent tectonic units.
Permafrost and Active Layer Temperature and Freeze/Thaw Timing Reflect Climatic Trends at Bayelva, Svalbard
Authors: Grünberg Inge , Groenke Brian , Westermann Sebastian , Boike Julia
Published: July 2024

Permafrost warming has been observed all around the Arctic, however, variations in temperature trends and their drivers remain poorly understood. We present a comprehensive analysis of climatic changes spanning 25 years (1998–2023) at Bayelva (78.92094°N, 11.83333°E) on Spitzbergen, Svalbard. The quality controlled hourly data set includes air temperature, radiation fluxes, snow depth, rainfall, active layer temperature and moisture, and, since 2009, permafrost temperature. Our Bayesian trend analysis reveals an annual air temperature increase of 0.9 ± 0.5°C/decade and strongest warming in September and October. We observed a significant shortening of the snow cover by −14 ± 8 days/decade, coupled with reduced winter snow depth. The active layer simultaneously warmed by 0.6 ± 0.7°C/decade at the top and 0.8 ± 0.5°C/decade at the bottom. While the soil surface got drier, in particular during summer, soil moisture below increased in accordance with the longer unfrozen period and higher winter temperatures. The thawed period prolonged by 10–15 days/decade at different depths. In contrast to earlier top‐soil warming, we observed stable temperatures since 2010 and only little permafrost warming (0.14 ± 0.13°C/decade). This is likely due to recently stable winter air temperature and continuously decreasing winter snow depth. This recent development highlights a complex interplay among climate and soil variables. Our distinctive long‐term data set underscores (a) the changes in seasonal warming patterns, (b) the influential role of snow cover decline, and (c) that air temperature alone is not a sufficient indicator of change in permafrost environments, thereby highlighting the importance of investigating a wider range of parameters, such as soil moisture and snow characteristics.
Caspase-8 promotes scramblase-mediated phosphatidylserine exposure and fusion of osteoclast precursors
Authors: Krishnacoumar Brenda , Stenzel Martin , Garibagaoglu Hilal , Omata Yasunori , Sworn Rachel L. , Hofmann Thea , Ipseiz Natacha , Czubala Magdalena A. , Steffen Ulrike , Maccataio Antonio , Stoll Cornelia , Böhm Christina , Herrmann Martin , Uderhardt Stefan , Jenkins Robert H. , Taylor Philip R. , Grüneboom Anika , Zaiss Mario M. , Schett Georg , Krönke Gerhard , Scholtysek Carina
Published: July 2024

Efficient cellular fusion of mononuclear precursors is the prerequisite for the generation of fully functional multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, the exact molecular factors and mechanisms controlling osteoclast fusion remain incompletely understood. Here we identify RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 as early key event during osteoclast fusion. Single cell RNA sequencing-based analyses suggested that activation of parts of the apoptotic machinery accompanied the differentiation of osteoclast precursors into mature multinucleated osteoclasts. A subsequent characterization of osteoclast precursors confirmed that RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 promoted the non-apoptotic cleavage and activation of downstream effector caspases that translocated to the plasma membrane where they triggered activation of the phospholipid scramblase Xkr8. Xkr8-mediated exposure of phosphatidylserine, in turn, aided cellular fusion of osteoclast precursors and thereby allowed generation of functional multinucleated osteoclast syncytia and initiation of bone resorption. Pharmacological blockage or genetic deletion of caspase-8 accordingly interfered with fusion of osteoclasts and bone resorption resulting in increased bone mass in mice carrying a conditional deletion of caspase-8 in mononuclear osteoclast precursors. These data identify a novel pathway controlling osteoclast biology and bone turnover with the potential to serve as target for therapeutic intervention during diseases characterized by pathologic osteoclast-mediated bone loss.
Advancing stroke recovery: unlocking the potential of cellular dynamics in stroke recovery
Authors: Sahebi Keivan , Foroozand Hassan , Amirsoleymani Mobina , Eslamzadeh Saghi , Negahdaripour Manica , Tajbakhsh Amir , Rahimi Jaberi Abbas , Savardashtaki Amir
Published: July 2024

Stroke stands as a predominant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and there is a pressing need for effective therapies to improve outcomes and enhance the quality of life for stroke survivors. In this line, effective efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells, plays a crucial role in neuroprotection and immunoregulation. This process involves specialized phagocytes known as “professional phagocytes” and consists of four steps: “Find-Me,” “Eat-Me,” engulfment/digestion, and anti-inflammatory responses. Impaired efferocytosis can lead to secondary necrosis and inflammation, resulting in adverse outcomes following brain pathologies. Enhancing efferocytosis presents a potential avenue for improving post-stroke recovery. Several therapeutic targets have been identified, including osteopontin, cysteinyl leukotriene 2 receptor, the µ opioid receptor antagonist β-funaltrexamine, and PPARγ and RXR agonists. Ferroptosis, defined as iron-dependent cell death, is now emerging as a novel target to attenuate post-stroke tissue damage and neuronal loss. Additionally, several biomarkers, most importantly CD163, may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke, aiding in stroke diagnosis and prognosis. Non-pharmacological approaches involve physical rehabilitation, hypoxia, and hypothermia. Mitochondrial dysfunction is now recognized as a major contributor to the poor outcomes of brain stroke, and medications targeting mitochondria may exhibit beneficial effects. These strategies aim to polarize efferocytes toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, limit the ingestion of distressed but viable neurons, and stimulate efferocytosis in the late phase of stroke to enhance post-stroke recovery. These findings highlight promising directions for future research and development of effective stroke recovery therapies.
Synthetic macrolides overcoming MLSBK-resistant pathogens
Authors: Ma Cong-Xuan , Li Ye , Liu Wen-Tian , Li Yun , Zhao Fei , Lian Xiao-Tian , Ding Jing , Liu Si-Meng , Liu Xie-Peng , Fan Bing-Zhi , Liu Li-Yong , Xue Feng , Li Jian , Zhang Jue-Ru , Xue Zhao , Pei Xiao-Tong , Lin Jin-Zhong , Liang Jian-Hua
Published: July 2024

Conventional macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B-ketolide (MLSBK) antibiotics are unable to counter the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance that is conferred by the constitutive methylation of rRNA base A2058 or its G2058 mutation, while the presence of unmodified A2058 is crucial for high selectivity of traditional MLSBK in targeting pathogens over human cells. The absence of effective modes of action reinforces the prevailing belief that constitutively antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus remains impervious to existing macrolides including telithromycin. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a novel series of macrolides, featuring the strategic fusion of ketolide and quinolone moieties. Our effort led to the discovery of two potent compounds, MCX-219 and MCX-190, demonstrating enhanced antibacterial efficacy against a broad spectrum of formidable pathogens, including A2058-methylated Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and notably, the clinical Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates harboring A2058G mutations which are implicated in the recent pneumonia outbreak in China. Mechanistic studies reveal that the modified quinolone moiety of MCX-190 establishes a distinctive secondary binding site within the nascent peptide exit tunnel. Structure-activity relationship analysis underscores the importance of this secondary binding, maintained by a sandwich-like π–π stacking interaction and a water–magnesium bridge, for effective engagement with A2058-methylated ribosomes rather than topoisomerases targeted by quinolone antibiotics. Our findings not only highlight MCX-219 and MCX-190 as promising candidates for next-generation MLSBK antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance, but also pave the way for the future rational design of the class of MLSBK antibiotics, offering a strategic framework to overcome the challenges posed by escalating antibiotic resistance.
Underwater light source changes nitrogen and phosphorus removal pathways by Vallisneria spinulosa Yan growth system
Authors: Zhao Jinshan , Zhou Xiaolin , Fan Chunzhen , Wang Zhiquan , Jin Zhan , Bei Ke , Zheng Xiangyong , Zhao Min , Wu Suqing
Published: July 2024

Vallisneria spinulosa Yan (V.spinulosa Yan) with good ability of water purification is often used for ecological restoration of polluted water bodies. However, it is difficult to survive in turbid water bodies due to the low lighting condition. This study explored the feasibility of introducing artificial underwater light source into water bodies with high turbidity to strengthen the water restoration by V.spinulosa Yan. Addition of underwater light source promoted the clonal reproduction ability of V.spinulosa Yan, thus enhancing the removal loads of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrate nitrogen ($${\mathrm{NO}}^{-}_{3}{\mbox{-}}{\mathrm{N}}$$

NO

3

−

-

N

) by 1.60–3.43 × 10−2, 1.49–3.49 × 10−3, and 0.80–2.06 × 10−2 g m−2 d−1, respectively. Underwater light source significantly reduced the abundance of microbial community on V.spinulosa Yan leaves, as well as most nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonadaceae) and denitrifying bacteria (Nitrospira, Comamonadaceae, and Rhodocyclaceae) in the system. But the attachment of some Cyanophyta (Chloroplast and Cyanobacteria) and Photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodobacter) onto the leaves and the growth of Methyloligellaceae in water and sediments were promoted. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by the growth system of V.spinulosa Yan without underwater light source mainly depended on the biological processes by functional bacteria, while the absorption and co-assimilation effect of V.spinulosa Yan with underwater light source.
Benmelstobart, anlotinib and chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial
Authors: Cheng Ying , Chen Jianhua , Zhang Wei , Xie Chao , Hu Qun , Zhou Ningning , Huang Chun , Wei Shihong , Sun Hong , Li Xingya , Yu Yan , Lai Jinhuo , Yang Huaping , Fang Haohui , Chen Hualin , Zhang Peng , Gu Kangsheng , Wang Qiming , Shi Jianhua , Yi Tienan , Xu Xingxiang , Ye Xianwei , Wang Daqing , Xie Conghua , Liu Chunling , Zheng Yulong , Lin Daren , Zhuang Wu , Lu Ping , Yu Guohua , Li Jinzhang , Gu Yuhai , Li Baolan , Wu Rong , Jiang Ou , Wang Zaiyi , Wu Guowu , Lin Haifeng , Zhong Diansheng , Xu Yanhua , Shu Yongqian , Wu Di , Chen Xingwu , Wang Jie , Wang Minghui , Yang Runxiang
Published: July 2024

Immunochemotherapy is the first-line standard for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Combining the regimen with anti-angiogenesis may improve efficacy. ETER701 was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial that investigated the efficacy and safety of benmelstobart (a novel programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor) with anlotinib (a multi-target anti-angiogenic small molecule) and standard chemotherapy in treatment-naive ES-SCLC. The ETER701 trial assessed two primary endpoints: Independent Review Committee-assessed progression-free survival per RECIST 1.1 and overall survival (OS). Here the prespecified final progression-free survival and interim OS analysis is reported. Patients randomly received benmelstobart and anlotinib plus etoposide/carboplatin (EC; n = 246), placebo and anlotinib plus EC (n = 245) or double placebo plus EC (‘EC alone’; n = 247), followed by matching maintenance therapy. Compared with EC alone, median OS was prolonged with benmelstobart and anlotinib plus EC (19.3 versus 11.9 months; hazard ratio 0.61; P = 0.0002), while improvement of OS was not statistically significant with anlotinib plus EC (13.3 versus 11.9 months; hazard ratio 0.86; P = 0.1723). The incidence of grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events was 93.1%, 94.3% and 87.0% in the benmelstobart and anlotinib plus EC, anlotinib plus EC, and EC alone groups, respectively. This study of immunochemotherapy plus multi-target anti-angiogenesis as first-line treatment achieved a median OS greater than recorded in prior randomized studies in patients with ES-SCLC. The safety profile was assessed as tolerable and manageable. Our findings suggest that the addition of anti-angiogenesis therapy to immunochemotherapy may represent an efficacious and safe approach to the management of ES-SCLC. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04234607.
A near complete genome assembly of the East Friesian sheep genome
Authors: You Xiaoxiao , Fang Qinyuan , Chen Chunhai , Cao Junwei , Fu Shaoyin , Zhang Teng , Wang Shenyuan , He Xiaolong , He Jiangfeng , Zhou Yang , Wang Biao , Wang Liwei , Wang Zheng , Sun Tianhao , Yang Xukui , Te Rigele , Jian Jianbo , Zhou Huanmin , Dai Yanfeng , Liu Yongbin
Published: July 2024

Advancements in sequencing have enabled the assembly of numerous sheep genomes, significantly advancing our understanding of the link between genetic variation and phenotypic traits. However, the genome of East Friesian sheep (Ostfriesisches Milchschaf), a key high-yield milk breed, remains to be fully assembled. Here, we constructed a near-complete and gap-free East Friesian genome assembly using PacBio HiFi, ultra-long ONT and Hi-C sequencing. The resulting genome assembly spans approximately 2.96 Gb, with a contig N50 length of 104.1 Mb and only 164 unplaced sequences. Remarkably, our assembly has captured 41 telomeres and 24 centromeres. The assembled sequence is of high quality on completeness (BUSCO score: 97.1%) and correctness (QV: 69.1). In addition, a total of 24,580 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 97.2% (23,891) carried at least one conserved functional domain. Collectively, this assembly provides not only a near T2T gap-free genome, but also provides a valuable genetic resource for comparative genome studies of sheep and will serve as an important tool for the sheep research community.
Second-harmonic generation tensors from high-throughput density-functional perturbation theory
Authors: Trinquet Victor , Naccarato Francesco , Brunin Guillaume , Petretto Guido , Wirtz Ludger , Hautier Geoffroy , Rignanese Gian-Marco
Published: July 2024

Optical materials play a key role in enabling modern optoelectronic technologies in a wide variety of domains such as the medical or the energy sector. Among them, nonlinear optical crystals are of primary importance to achieve a broader range of electromagnetic waves in the devices. However, numerous and contradicting requirements significantly limit the discovery of new potential candidates, which, in turn, hinders the technological development. In the present work, the static nonlinear susceptibility and dielectric tensor are computed via density-functional perturbation theory for a set of 579 inorganic semiconductors. The computational methodology is discussed and the provided database is described with respect to both its data distribution and its format. Several comparisons with both experimental and results from literature allow to confirm the reliability of our data. The aim of this work is to provide a relevant dataset to foster the identification of promising nonlinear optical crystals in order to motivate their subsequent experimental investigation.
Histopathology imaging and clinical data including remission status in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Martin-King Chloe , Nael Ali , Ehwerhemuepha Louis , Calvo Blake , Gates Quinn , Janchoi Jamie , Ornelas Elisa , Perez Melissa , Venderby Andrea , Miklavcic John , Chang Peter , Sassoon Aaron , Grant Kenneth
Published: July 2024

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing annually. Children with IBD often suffer significant morbidity due to physical and emotional effects of the disease and treatment. Corticosteroids, often a component of therapy, carry undesirable side effects with long term use. Steroid-free remission has become a standard for care-quality improvement. Anticipating therapeutic outcomes is difficult, with treatments often leveraged in a trial-and-error fashion. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated success in medical imaging classification tasks. Predicting patients who will attain remission will help inform treatment decisions. The provided dataset comprises 951 tissue section scans (167 whole-slides) obtained from 18 pediatric IBD patients. Patient level structured data include IBD diagnosis, 12- and 52-week steroid use and name, and remission status. Each slide is labelled with biopsy site and normal or abnormal classification per the surgical pathology report. Each tissue section scan from an abnormal slide is further classified by an experienced pathologist. Researchers utilizing this dataset may select from the provided outcomes or add labels and annotations from their own institutions.
Pressurized liquid extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of beta-ecdysone extracted from Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen
Authors: de Oliveira Charlini Balastreri Dorta , Filho Lúcio Cardozo , de Mello João Carlos Palazzo , Júnior Osvaldo Valarini , Calaça Giselle Nathaly , Rocha Stella Alonso , Sato Francielle , Sakai Otávio Akira
Published: July 2024

Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen has among its main bioactive compounds saponins, with the phytoestroid β-ecdysone as its chemical marker. In this study, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), a green extraction technique used to obtain bioactive compounds from plants, was employed to extract beta-ecdysone from P. glomerata leaves, stems, and roots. The 22 factorial design was used with the variables temperature (333 K and 353 K) and flow rate (1.5 and 2 mL min−1), pressure (300 Bar), time (60 min), and solvent [ethanol and distilled water (70:30 (v/v)] were kept constant for all parts of the plant. The results of experimental responses demonstrated that the factors temperature and flow rate significantly interfere with the yields of leaf (0.499%), root (0.65%) and stem (0.764%) extracts. The latter presented presents the highest yield compared to the other parts of the plant. HPLC results showed the presence of beta-ecdysone in all parts of the plant with concentrations of β-ecdysone 86.82, 76.53 and 195.86 mg L−1 to leaf, root and stem, respectively. FT Raman results exhibited typical peaks of beta-ecdysone, such as 3310 cm−1, 1654 cm−1, and 1073 cm−1 for all plant parts. Another interesting result was the presence of the peak at 1460 cm−1 in the PLE root extract can be associated with selenium. This foundational knowledge confirms that the PLE extraction process was efficient in obtaining the chemical marker of Pfaffia glomerata in all plant parts.
Impact of the quality and diversity of reference products on creative activities in online communities
Authors: Sato Keisuke , Yang Kunhao , Ueda Kazuhiro
Published: July 2024

In creativity research, an important unresolved issue relates to identifying the kind of information an individual should be exposed to in order to be highly creative. We aimed to gain insights into this issue; we collected and statistically analyzed three datasets related to three large online communities (namely Cities: Skylines, SCP-wiki, and Archive of Our Own) engaged in mod development and novel writing to examine whether the quality and diversity of other people’s products referred to have a positive effect on product generation. Our analysis revealed the following three findings: (1) the quality diversity of reference products generated by others has the most positive impact on the quality of generated products when it is neither high nor low, (2) the content diversity of reference products generated by others has a negative impact on the quality of generated products, and (3) the quality of reference products generated by others has a negative impact on the quality of generated products when it is extremely high. We conclude by discussing the implications of the findings for creativity research.
BOMS: blockchain-enabled organ matching system
Authors: Igboanusi Ikechi Saviour , Nnadiekwe Chigozie Athanasius , Ogbede Joseph Uche , Kim Dong-Seong , Lensky Artem
Published: July 2024

This work proposes a Blockchain-enabled Organ Matching System (BOMS) designed to manage the process of matching, storing, and sharing information. Biological factors are incorporated into matching and the cross-matching process is implemented into the smart contracts. Privacy is guaranteed by using patient-associated blockchain addresses, without transmitting or using patient personal records in the matching process. The matching algorithm implemented as a smart contract is verifiable by any party. Clinical records, process updates, and matching results are also stored on the blockchain, providing tamper-resistance of recipient’s records and the recipients’ waiting queue. The system also is capable of handling cases in which there is a donor without an immediate compatible recipient. The system is implemented on the Ethereum blockchain and several scenarios were tested. The performance of the proposed system is compared to other existing organ donation systems, and ours outperformed any existing organ matching system built on blockchain. BOMS is tested to ascertain its compatibility with public, private, and consortium blockchain networks, checks for security vulnerabilities and cross-matching efficiency. The implementation codes are available online.
Turnover intention and its related factors of clinical research coordinator in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Juan , Li JinHua , She ZhengDi , Guo LiWen , Gu ShanZhi , Lu Wen
Published: July 2024

To explore the related factors of turnover intention in clinical research coordinators (CRCs) and assess the mediating effects of professional identity on the association between job burnout and turnover intention. In China, CRC has become increasingly common among clinical trial teams in recent years. However, limited published research focused on the status of turnover intention in CRCs. We invited all the 220 CRCs currently working at Hunan Cancer Hospital located in Changsha city in the central south of China from March to June 2018. Participants were asked to complete structured questionnaires regarding basic demographic information, job burnout, professional identity and turnover intention. A total of 202 participants were included in this study, with a response rate of 91.82%. The main reason for turnover intention among CRCs was human resources, followed by communications, management and material resources (per item score in each dimension: 2.14 vs. 2.43 vs. 2.65 vs. 2.83). All the correlations among job burnout, professional identity and turnover intention were statistically significant, with coefficients ranging from −0.197 to 0.615. Multiple liner regression analysis showed that older age, longer workhours per week, and lower level of professional identity were associated with the prevalence of turnover intention among CRCs. Besides, the association between job burnout and turnover intention was fully mediated by professional identity. This study revealed the status and causes of turnover intention among Chinese CRCs. Effective measures on decreasing working time and improving professional identity should be taken in order to reduce CRCs’ turnover intention.
An optical photothermal infrared investigation of lymph nodal metastases of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Al Jedani Safaa , Lima Cassio , Smith Caroline I. , Gunning Philip J. , Shaw Richard J. , Barrett Steve D. , Triantafyllou Asterios , Risk Janet M. , Goodacre Royston , Weightman Peter
Published: July 2024

In this study, optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms were used to evaluate 46 tissue cores of surgically resected cervical lymph nodes, some of which harboured oral squamous cell carcinoma nodal metastasis. The ratios obtained between O-PTIR chemical images at 1252 cm−1and 1285 cm−1were able to reveal morphological details from tissue samples that are comparable to the information achieved by a pathologist’s interpretation of optical microscopy of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained samples. Additionally, when used as input data for a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) and random forest (RF) analyses, these yielded sensitivities, specificities and precision of 98.6 ± 0.3%, 92 ± 4% and 94 ± 5%, respectively, and an area under receiver operator characteristic (AUC) of 94 ± 2%. Our findings show the potential of O-PTIR technology as a tool to study cancer on tissue samples.
Nuclear actin assembly is an integral part of decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells
Authors: Tamura Isao , Miyamoto Kei , Hatanaka Chiharu , Shiroshita Amon , Fujimura Taishi , Shirafuta Yuichiro , Mihara Yumiko , Maekawa Ryo , Taketani Toshiaki , Sato Shun , Matsumoto Kazuya , Tamura Hiroshi , Sugino Norihiro
Published: July 2024

Decidualization of the human endometrium is critical for establishing pregnancy and is entailed by differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) into decidual cells. During decidualization, the actin cytoskeleton is dynamically reorganized for the ESCs’ morphological and functional changes. Although actin dynamically alters its polymerized state upon external stimuli not only in the cytoplasm, but also in the nucleus, nuclear actin dynamics during decidualization have not been elucidated. Here, we show that nuclear actin was specifically assembled during decidualization of human ESCs. This decidualization-specific formation of nuclear actin filaments was disassembled following the withdrawal of the decidualization stimulus, suggesting its reversible process. Mechanistically, RNA-seq analyses revealed that the forced disassembly of nuclear actin resulted in the suppression of decidualization, accompanied with the abnormal upregulation of cell proliferation genes, leading to incomplete cell cycle arrest. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), an important regulator for decidualization, was responsible for downregulation of the nuclear actin exporter, thus accelerating nuclear actin accumulation and its assembly for decidualization. Taken together, we demonstrate that decidualization-specific nuclear actin assembly induces cell cycle arrest for establishing the decidualized state of ESCs. We propose that not only the cytoplasmic actin, but also nuclear actin dynamics profoundly affect decidualization process in humans for ensuring pregnancy.
A RsrC-RsrA-RsrB transcriptional circuit positively regulates polysaccharide-degrading enzyme biosynthesis and development in Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Ning Yuan-Ni , Liang Xue , Shen Xin , Tian Di , Li Wen-Tong , Luo Xue-Mei , Feng Jia-Xun , Zhao Shuai
Published: July 2024

Filamentous fungi produce polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, which is controlled by poorly understood transcriptional circuits. Here we show that a circuit comprising RsrC-RsrA-RsrB (Rsr: production of raw-starch-degrading enzyme regulator) that positively regulates production of raw starch-degrading enzymes in Penicillium oxalicum. Transcription factor (TF) RsrA is essential for biosynthesis of raw starch-degrading enzymes. RsrB and RsrC containing Zn2Cys6- and C2H2-zinc finger domains, act downstream and upstream of RsrA, respectively. RsrA activates rsrB transcription, and three nucleotides (G-286, G-287 and G-292) of rsrB promoter region are required for RsrA, in terms of TF, for binding. RsrB165−271 binds to DNA sequence 5’-TCGATCAGGCACGCC-3’ in the promoter region of the gene encoding key raw-starch-degrading enzyme PoxGA15A. RsrC specifically binds rsrA promoter, but not amylase genes, to positively regulate the expression of rsrA and the production of raw starch-degrading enzymes. These findings expand complex regulatory network of fungal raw starch-degrading enzyme biosynthesis.
A first-in-class selective inhibitor of EGFR and PI3K offers a single-molecule approach to targeting adaptive resistance
Authors: Whitehead Christopher E. , Ziemke Elizabeth K. , Frankowski-McGregor Christy L. , Mumby Rachel A. , Chung June , Li Jinju , Osher Nathaniel , Coker Oluwadara , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Kopetz Scott , Sebolt-Leopold Judith S.
Published: July 2024

Despite tremendous progress in precision oncology, adaptive resistance mechanisms limit the long-term effectiveness of molecularly targeted agents. Here we evaluated the pharmacological profile of MTX-531 that was computationally designed to selectively target two key resistance drivers, epidermal growth factor receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase (PI3K). MTX-531 exhibits low-nanomolar potency against both targets with a high degree of specificity predicted by cocrystal structural analyses. MTX-531 monotherapy uniformly resulted in tumor regressions of squamous head and neck patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The combination of MTX-531 with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase or KRAS-G12C inhibitors led to durable regressions of BRAF-mutant or KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer PDX models, resulting in striking increases in median survival. MTX-531 is exceptionally well tolerated in mice and uniquely does not lead to the hyperglycemia commonly seen with PI3K inhibitors. Here, we show that MTX-531 acts as a weak agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, an attribute that likely mitigates hyperglycemia induced by PI3K inhibition. This unique feature of MTX-531 confers a favorable therapeutic index not typically seen with PI3K inhibitors.
Melanometry for objective evaluation of skin pigmentation in pulse oximetry studies
Authors: Vasudevan Sandhya , Vogt William C. , Weininger Sandy , Pfefer T. Joshua
Published: July 2024

Pulse oximetry enables real-time, noninvasive monitoring of arterial blood oxygen levels. However, results can vary with skin color, thus detecting disparities during clinical validation studies requires an accurate measure of skin pigmentation. Recent clinical studies have used subjective methods such as self-reported color, race/ethnicity to categorize skin. Melanometers based on optical reflectance may offer a more effective, objective approach to assess pigmentation. Here, we review melanometry approaches and assess evidence supporting their use as clinical research tools. We compare performance data, including repeatability, robustness to confounders, and compare devices to each other, to subjective methods, and high-quality references. Finally, we propose best practices for evaluating melanometers and discuss alternate optical approaches that may improve accuracy. Whilst evidence indicates that melanometers can provide superior performance to subjective approaches, we encourage additional research and standardization efforts, as these are needed to ensure consistent and reliable results in clinical studies.
Tumor location is associated with mood dysfunction in patients with diffuse glioma
Authors: van Genderen Maisa N. G. , Belgers Vera , Niers Johanna M. , Douw Linda , Röttgering Jantine G. , Gorter Maxine , Blom Marieke E. C. , Barkhof Frederik , Klein Martin , Eijgelaar Roelant S. , De Witt Hamer Philip C.
Published: July 2024

Gliomas are primary brain tumors that can cause neuropsychiatric symptoms, including severe depressive symptoms (SDS; in 14%) and an absence of depressive symptoms (ADS; in 29%), determined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores. We examined the association between both SDS and ADS and brain tumor location in 201 patients with diffuse glioma before surgery. Tumors and white matter disconnectomes did not relate to CES-D using sparse canonical correlation analysis. SDS were associated with tumors in the right corticospinal tract, fornix, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and the left uncinate fasciculus, whereas ADS was associated with tumors in the left uncinate fasciculus and first segment of the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the right temporal cingulum and thalamus using Bayesian regression analyses. ADS occurs even more frequently in patients with diffuse glioma than does SDS, which is explained partly by tumor location. This research aids the understanding of gliomas and mood dysfunction in general.
An electrochemical ratiometric immunosensor for the detection of NMP22 based on ZIF-8@MWCNTs@Chit@Fc@AuNPs and AuPt-MB
Authors: Zhou Zhiren , Tian Yuting , Zou Lina , Liu Yanan , Zhang Xueqing , Huang Xiaojing , Ren Huanyu , Li Zheng , Niu Huiru , Liao Hao , Zhang Xiaojing , Pan Hongzhi , Rong Shengzhong , Ma Hongkun
Published: July 2024

Nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) is one of the most important tumor markers of bladder cancer and is significantly elevated in the urine of bladder cancer patients.
Adjusted MnO oxygen vacancy for highly selective ORR production of H2O2
Authors: Fu Liangjie , Li Zixiong , Wu Yimin , Tang Aidong , Yang Huaming
Published: July 2024

The higher the oxygen vacancy concentration of MnO, the better the selectivity of O2 reduction to H2O2.
Co(iii)-catalyzed regioselective benzannulation of substituted pyridones with 1,6-diynes via dual C–H bond activation
Authors: Yadav Suresh Kumar , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: July 2024

A cobalt(iii)-catalyzed C5/C6 benzannulation of substituted pyridones with 1,6-diynes via dual C–H bond activation has been demonstrated for the synthesis of various heterocyclic quinolinone molecules.
Temperature-dependent Li-ion transport in lithium lanthanum titanate electrolytes
Authors: Wang Jiacheng , Wu Nianqiang , Bai Peng
Published: July 2024

A shift of the Li+ ion hopping mechanism with temperature in solid-state lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) electrolytes was discovered using ab initio metadynamics simulations.
Peroxodisulfate-assisted synthesis of 2-thiocyanato glycals and their transformation to C-2-thio acrylo/aryl nitrile-substituted glycals
Authors: Rasool Bisma , Zargar Irshad Ahmad , kundu Sanchari , Mukherjee Debaraj
Published: July 2024

An efficient regioselective method to attach thiocyanato groups at the β-position of enol double bonds in sugar enol ethers using KSCN and potassium persulfate has been developed.
Deoxygenative alkynylation of amides via CO bond cleavage
Authors: Chen Lan , Zhou Wei , Zhang Jianwen , Ding Yimin , Szostak Michal , Liu Chengwei
Published: July 2024

A novel deoxygenative alkynylation of amides promoted by a synergistic action of a divalent rare-earth element and a transition metal has been developed. In this method, α-alkynyl substituted amines are synthesized from amides and alkynes.
Synthesis, structures and luminescence of several coordination complexes based on β-octamolybdate and Ag/Cu phosphine units
Authors: Yu Yi-Qi , Sun Shang-Bin , Deng Wen-Hao , Li Jian , Lu Zhi-Yi , He Jia-Hui , Wang Long-Sheng , Meng Xiang-Gao
Published: July 2024

Four POM-based coordination compounds were obtained by the self-assembly of α-octamolybdates and luminescent Cu/Ag phosphine units, which maintain the luminescence feature of their precursors of Cu/Ag phosphine units.
Bimetallic atom-improved Ni3S2 bifunctional electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction and overall water splitting performance
Authors: Huang Junjie , Mu Lan , Ou Yangyang , Zhao Gang , Huang Jinzhao , Wang Xiao , Zhang Baojie
Published: July 2024

An efficient bifunctional Ni3S2–Fe–Ni electrocatalyst was prepared by two-step methods. DFT calculations indicate that the adsorption energy of the catalyst for overall water-splitting was modulated due to the introduction of Fe and Ni atoms.
The disordering effect of SARMs on a biomembrane model
Authors: Díaz-Salazar Alma Jessica , Espinosa-Roa Arián , Saldívar-Guerra Enrique , Pérez-Isidoro Rosendo
Published: July 2024

From medicine to sport, selective androgen receptor modulators have represented promising applications. Still, their interactions with lipid membranes reveal crucial physicochemical effects that could be of reference in prospective medications.
A high-performance flexible humidity sensor based on a TiO2–MWCNT nanocomposite for human healthcare applications
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Kumari Parvesh , Senthil Kumar M. , Gupta Gaurav , Shivagan D. D. , Bapna Komal
Published: July 2024

Present study reveals TiO2–MWCNT nanocomposite-based flexible humidity sensor, with improved humidity sensing characteristics. It is shown that the sensor has capability to detect different breath patterns, apnea-like situations, and skin moisture in a non-invasive manner.
Theoretical investigation of the reaction mechanism of THP oxidative rearrangement catalysed by BBOX
Authors: Meng Fanqi , Sun Lu , Liu Yueying , Li Xiang , Tan Hongwei , Yuan Chang , Li Xichen
Published: July 2024

γ-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) is able to perform two different kinds of catalytic reactions on γ-butyrobetaine (γ-BB) and 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate (THP) to produce distinct catalytic products.
Dynamics of non-covalent interactions during the P–O bond cleavage reaction by ribonuclease A
Authors: Kaplanskiy Mark V. , Kruglov Maxim L. , Vanin Aleksandr A. , Tupikina Elena Yu.
Published: July 2024

The role of non-covalent interactions in the phosphodiester bond breaking process has been shown via various in silico experiments.
Full optimization of dynamic nuclear polarization on a 1 tesla benchtop polarizer with hyperpolarizing solids
Authors: Vaneeckhaute Ewoud , Bocquelet Charlotte , Bellier Léa , Le Huu-Nghia , Rougier Nathan , Jegadeesan Shebha Anandhi , Vinod-Kumar Sanjay , Mathies Guinevere , Veyre Laurent , Thieuleux Chloe , Melzi Roberto , Banks Daniel , Kempf James , Stern Quentin , Jannin Sami
Published: July 2024

In a benchtop DNP polarizer operating at 1 T and 77 K, signal enhancements up to 100 generated in less than a second are reported for nitroxide radicals optimized in terms of concentration both in solvated and immobilized form.
Recent advances and perspectives on intercalation layered compounds part 1: design and applications in the field of energy
Authors: Bisio Chiara , Brendlé Jocelyne , Cahen Sébastien , Feng Yongjun , Hwang Seong-Ju , Melanova Klara , Nocchetti Morena , O'Hare Dermot , Rabu Pierre , Leroux Fabrice
Published: July 2024

Herein, we present a general overview of the design of intercalation layered compounds (ILCs) and their applications devoted to the field of energy.
Concluding remarks: Reflections on the Faraday Discussion on New Directions in Molecular Scattering
Authors: Brouard Mark
Published: July 2024

These concluding remarks summarize the Faraday Discussion on New Directions in Molecular Scattering.
Glycerol and its derivatives as potential C-3 bio-based building blocks for accessing active pharmaceutical ingredients
Authors: Morodo Romain , Bovy Loïc , Silva-Brenes Diana V. , Monbaliu Jean-Christophe M.
Published: July 2024

Exploring the potential of renewable glycerol and its derivatives for the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients in light of regulatory constraints.
Extraction of collagen from bovine tannery solid waste preserving original conformation via radical initiation and hydrogen bond reformation
Authors: Luo Fang , Liu Zhuo , Zhou Peng , Wang Siqi , He Lingzhi , Wu Yi , Du Lidan , Jiao Mengjie , Liao Zhuwei , Chen Zhuqi
Published: July 2024

IL-SDR process achieves rapid dissolution and recovery of collagen from tannery solid waste via free radical and hydrogen bond disruption, while the main solvent is recyclable.
Hydroflux-assisted cold sintering: eutectic mixtures for boosting ionic conductivity in LATP solid-state electrolytes
Authors: Mormeneo-Segarra Andrés , Ferrer-Nicomedes Sergio , Vicente-Agut Nuria , Barba-Juan Antonio
Published: July 2024

Superior electrical properties have been achieved for a Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) solid-state electrolyte (SSE) by using the novel hydroflux-assisted cold sintering process (HACSP) at 400 MPa, 200 °C and 90 minutes of sintering time.
Second-generation piperazine derivatives as promising radiation countermeasures
Authors: Chmil Vojtěch , Živná Natálie , Milanová Marcela , Filipová Alžběta , Pejchal Jaroslav , Prchal Lukáš , Muthná Darina , Řeháček Vít , Řezáčová Martina , Marek Jan , Tichý Aleš , Havelek Radim
Published: July 2024

The increasing threat of nuclear incidents and the widespread use of ionizing radiation (IR) in medical treatments underscore the urgent need for effective radiation countermeasures.
Synthesis and catalytic application of ZSM-48 zeolite
Authors: Liu Wen , Wang Yanan , Zhang Xinbao , Chen Fucun , Xie Sujuan , Xu Longya , Li Xiujie , Zhu Xiangxue
Published: July 2024

ZSM-48 is a kind of high-silica zeolite with one dimensional (1D) 10-member ring (10-MR) channel structure.
Rational design of dual-ion doped cobalt-free Li-rich cathode materials for enhanced cycle stability of lithium-ion pouch cell batteries
Authors: Dias Otavio Augusto Titton , Azarnia Farnaz , Rathi Keerti , Pakharenko Viktoriya , Tomer Vijay K. , Sain Mohini
Published: July 2024

This study introduces a new method for cobalt-free lithium-ion cathodes, improving cycling stability and capacity via dual-ion doping and morphological modulation.
Semisynthetic ferritin-based nanoparticles with high magnetic anisotropy for spatial magnetic manipulation and inductive heating
Authors: Neusch Andreas , Wiedwald Ulf , Novoselova Iuliia P. , Kuckla Daniel A. , Tetos Nikolaos , Sadik Sarah , Hagemann Philipp , Farle Michael , Monzel Cornelia
Published: July 2024

The core of the semi-synthetic magnetic nanoparticle magnetoferritin was doped with cobalt or zinc in order to evaluate its applicability as a nanoagent for intracellular target redistribution or localised heat dissipation via magnetic hyperthermia.
Novel nitrogen-doped carbon-coated SnSe2 based on a post-synthetically modified MOF as a high-performance anode material for LIBs and SIBs
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhe , Wang Longzhen , Li Yifei , Wang Yiting , Rui Yichuan , Song Ailing , Li Min , Xiang Yinyu , Chu Kaibin , Jiang Lei , Tang Bohejin , Han Ning , Wang Guoxiu , Tian Hao
Published: July 2024

Carbon-coated SnSe2/C–N composites with optimized hetero-atom doping and electrical conductivity exhibit superior electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries.
Exploring electrode/polymer electrolyte interface chemistry and a regulating strategy of interfacial stability: a review
Authors: Wu Shuru , Wang Chenyu , Li Shuanghui , Weng Jingzheng
Published: July 2024

The factors affecting the stability of the electrode and polymer electrolyte interfaces are briefly described, and several effective solution strategies for the corresponding problems are proposed.
A holistic pathway to biosensor translation
Authors: D'Alton Laena , Souto Dênio Emanuel Pires , Punyadeera Chamindie , Abbey Brian , Voelcker Nicolas H. , Hogan Conor , Silva Saimon M.
Published: July 2024

While point-of-care (POC) biosensors have enormous potential to help guide and inform clinical decisions at a patient's location, the translation of fundamental, applied, and proof-of-concept biosensors into commercial products is complex.
Friction through molecular adsorption at the sliding interface of hydrogels: theory and experiments
Authors: Ciapa Lola , Olanier Ludovic , Tran Yvette , Frétigny Christian , Chateauminois Antoine , Verneuil Emilie
Published: July 2024

Friction between hydrogel films and silica, measured without any interplay with lubrication or poroelasticity, is found to solely arise from thermally activated adsorption–stretching–desorption mechanisms of polymer chains at the sliding interface.
Visualizing flow dynamics and restart of Carbopol gel solutions in tube and parallel-plates geometries with wall slip
Authors: De J. Rivera Angel , Garcia-Blanco Yamid J. , Quitian-Ardila Luis H. , Germer Eduardo M. , Franco Admilson T.
Published: July 2024

Visualization of flow regimes of Carbopol solutions during flow restart in smooth pipeline.
A supramolecular host matrix for preserving fluorescence in the solid-state
Authors: Roy Gargee , Sengupta Alisha , Likhar Aakash Ravikant , Asthana Deepak
Published: July 2024

Polyaromatic dyes like perylene, pyrene and anthracene, that display brilliant fluorescence in dilute conditions, lose their emission in the solid state. Mixing with a cholesteryl-based gelator revives their solid state fluorescence by prohibiting concentration caused quenching.