bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Position of the Municipal Public Administration in the Context of the Pandemic: An analysis from the experience of Juiz de Fora/MG
Authors: Duarte Luciana Gaspar Melquíades , Castro Yuran Quintão
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic demanded the adoption of swift measures by public managers to control the spread of the disease, as the virus had a high rate of transmissibility. Effective, non-pharmacological actions involving social distancing and isolation were widely applied. It was noticed that they provided opportunities for the collision between the rights to free enterprise and health, by restricting the full exercise of commercial activities. These, intrinsically, promote agglomeration of people. It is therefore necessary to assess whether the restrictive measures for the promotion of the rights to health and life were proportional to the preservation of the essential core of free enterprise. The context of the city of Juiz de Fora was chosen for analysis, between the months of February 2020 and December 2021. Data regarding the number of cases and deaths in the municipality on each day of publication of the municipal decrees that conveyed trade-restrictive measures. The research was supported by the theories of fundamental rights and legal arguments, for the rational (argumentative) and proportional investigation of the implementation of fundamental rights, in the face of conflicts in the concrete case. Still, the consequentialist theory was used to assess whether the examination of economic, social and political impacts prevailed. It started from the assumption that the rights inherent to the exercise of economic activity would prevail over the adoption of sanitary control measures. Through the empirical research methodology, combined with qualitative and inference strategies, it was found that the municipal administration of Juiz de Fora, proportionally, privileged the right to health, over free enterprise.
El arte rupestre de Cueva Huenul 1 (Neuquén, Argentina)
Authors: Romero Villanueva Guadalupe
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the initial results of the archaeological analysis of rock art from Huenul Cave 1 (CH1) (Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina). The site’s robust chronostratigraphic sequence frames human occupations between 12,000-300 calibrated years BP. The paper classifies rock art motifs on the basis of several variables and the available archaeometric data, including recently obtained radiocarbon dating by AMS of some images. It also proposes a production sequence for the motifs by connecting temporal data from other proxies to assign a chronology to the different moments of rock art production. These results are assessed in conjunction with other evidence found at CH1, which provides independent but complementary data regarding the history of its use. This integration indicates that visual communication of information, which took the form of rock art, played a fundamental –yet versatile– role in the occupational history of the site and the region. While the occupation of CH1 was neither intense nor continuous during the Holocene, rock art was a key placemaking device that shaped CH1 as a “persistent place” in the social geography of human groups in northern Patagonia.
El estudio de caso sociológico, una estrategia de análisis de los datos
Authors: Avalle Gerardo
Published: May 2022

El presente ensayo pretende abordar la fase del análisis de los datos que se generan en un estudio de caso (EC) desde un modelo de diseño inscrito en la tradición sociológica. Dos motivos justifican el enfoque en esta instancia: 1) son pocos los estudios o análisis que reflexionan sobre la instancia de procesamiento de los datos en un ec y 2) gran parte de los razonamientos académicos existentes se concentran mayoritariamente en los estudios de caso etnográficos.
Transición democrática en México. El cambio político por la vía constitucional
Authors: Núñez Jiménez Arturo
Published: May 2022

La transición democrática en México se caracterizó por ser fruto de diversas adecuaciones institucionales, a diferencia del resto de los regímenes de la región. En este artículo se analiza la conformación del actual sistema tripardista, así como los cambios en las facultades del Ejecutivo federal. Por último, se estudia el estado de la cultura política en el país.
La separación del “ámbito de protección” respecto de las “restricciones” de los derechos fundamentales. Una discusión de la dogmática alemana
Authors: Mateos Durán Arnulfo Daniel
Published: May 2022

Los derechos fundamentales son parte esencial de las democracias constitucionales hoy día; sin embargo, la protección y garantía de los derechos fundamentales por parte del Estado no es una tarea sencilla, ya que sus órganos democráticos y operadores jurídicos enfrentan cada vez más retos. Por ello, la dogmática de los derechos fundamentales juega un papel importante al ofrecer herramientas para una mayor comprensión tanto de la función como de la estructura y las dinámicas de los derechos. Así, este texto busca ofrecer un pequeño esbozo de la discusión relativa a la relación entre lo que protege un derecho y las razones que justifican una restricción de dicha protección. Esta diferenciación es necesaria, pues gracias a ella, no solamente se pone en el centro de la discusión el papel del legislador como primer configurador y garante de los derechos fundamentales, sino que, además, es un requisito necesario para figuras jurídicas relevantes, como el examen de proporcionalidad.
La eficacia del fallo internacional en derechos humanos en el sistema interamericano de protección de derechos humanos
Authors: Verdín Pérez Jaime Arturo
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo realiza un análisis de la decisión judicial, entendida como el acto que resuelve un proceso y/o procedimiento ante instancias jurisdiccionales en el ámbito internacional. Su objetivo principal es discutir sobre la eficacia que tiene el fallo que proviene de la Corte Interamericana de derechos humanos refiriéndose a su carácter vinculante y sus efectos directos e indirectos para los Estados que forman parte del sistema interamericano de protección de los derechos humanos. Se pretende discernir sobre el nivel de cumplimiento que tienen las decisiones internacionales en el derecho interno y su efecto irradiador para la protección de los derechos humanos.
An Enhanced Approach of Finding Probability of Road Accidents By using ANOVA
Authors: . Sneha , Gupta Shubhi , Khurshid Mariya , Kumar Ranjeet
Published: May 2022

Abstract: As we know, thousands of accidents take place every day. These are very disturbing events which leads to major losses. There are various factors such as weather conditions, non-use of helmets, time period, type of accident, etc. due to which accidents take place. It is necessary to predict the areas which are more accident-prone. This model aims to predict such are considering all the above parameters using Machine Learning Concept i.e. EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis). It can further be improved and we can send the report of the accidents to the authorities like, hospitals, ambulance and insurance agencies and this will be very helpful in bringing down the accident fatality rates in the country.
Asociación entre tiempo de uso de teléfono celular, nivel de actividad física y rendimiento académico en universitarios
Authors: Cigarroa Igor , Fierro-Villarroel Iván , Bravo-Leal Michelle , Parra-Acevedo María Paz , Guzmán-Muñoz Eduardo , Tapia-Figueroa Andrea , Zapata-Lamana Rafael
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El aumento del uso de teléfono celular y la baja actividad física en universitarios se han asociado a un bajo rendimiento académico. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre tiempo de uso del teléfono celular, el nivel de actividad física y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de alcance correlacional y temporalidad longitudinal. Participaron 36 estudiantes universitarios, a quienes se evaluó durante un semestre, el tiempo que destinaron al uso de teléfono celular, a través de la aplicación “Moment” y la actividad física mediante la aplicación “Pacer”. Se registró el rendimiento académico con el promedio de notas. Resultados: Durante el semestre, los hombres realizaron mayor actividad física y utilizaron por mayor tiempo el teléfono. En periodos de evaluación, las mujeres tuvieron mayor actividad física y menor uso del teléfono celular (p=0,019 y p=0,033, respectivamente). Además, los hombres que tuvieron mejores notas promedio hacían un menor número de pickups diarios (p=0,032). Conclusiones: Los hombres universitarios son físicamente más activos y usan más el celular durante el semestre, aunque en periodo de evaluaciones las mujeres tienden a ser más activas y usar menos tiempo su celular. Los universitarios que usan menos el teléfono celular tienen mejor rendimiento académico.
Sintomatología depresiva y relación con la actividad física en estudiantes de una universidad con enfoque deportivo
Authors: Lopez-Salamanca David Eliecer , Tonguino-Rosero Stefanie , Agudelo-Orozco Alexander
Published: May 2022

Introducción: La depresión es una problemática de salud pública responsable de alta carga de mortalidad, afecta principalmente a jóvenes universitarios. La evidencia sugiere que la participación en actividad física genera beneficios en salud mental. Resulta importante estudiar esta asociación teniendo en cuenta otra serie de factores como variables sociodemográficas y el tipo de carrera universitaria.  Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva y evaluar si el nivel de actividad física podría ser un factor protector en estudiantes de una universidad con enfoque deportivo. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con muestra representativa de 291 estudiantes. Se aplicó cuestionario Beck II y versión larga del International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado con razones de prevalencia para depresión, según nivel de actividad física ajustadas mediante modelos de regresión generalizados con vínculo logarítmico de distribución binomial. Resultados: Las prevalencias de síntomas de depresión e inactividad física son respectivamente 27% y 22%. La prevalencia de síntomas de depresión es 46% mayor en quienes no son suficientemente activos (RP: 1,46 IC95%:0,95–2,25). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de síntomas de depresión e inactividad física más bajas comparadas con poblaciones similares, probablemente se relacionan con el enfoque deportivo de la institución.
A standard for public consultation on science communication: the CONCISE project experience
Authors: Llorente Carolina , Revuelta Gema , Dziminska Malgorzata , Warwas Izabela , Krzewińska Aneta , Moreno Carolina
Published: May 2022

Citizen consultations are public participation mechanisms designed to inform public policy and promote public dialogue. This article describes a deliberative consultation conducted within the CONCISE project framework. The aim was to gather qualitative knowledge about the means and channels through which European citizens acquire science-related knowledge, and how these influence their opinions and perceptions with respect to four socially relevant topics: vaccines, complementary and alternative medicine, genetically modified organisms, and climate change. In 2019, the CONCISE project carried out five citizen consultations in Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Italy and Portugal to explore the understanding of nearly 500 citizens, enabling the development of a standard for the carrying out of citizen consultations on science communication.
Influence of paclobutrazol on growth, root traits, anatomical modifications and leaf nutrient status in mango
Authors:   Deptt. of Fruit Science & Hort. Tech., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar – 751 003,  India, Sahoo M.R. , Kishore K. ,   Central Horticultural Experiment Station (ICAR-IIHR), Bhubaneswar – 751 019, India, Dash D.K. ,   Deptt. of Fruit Science & Hort. Tech., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar – 751 003,  India, Panda C.M. ,   Deptt. of Fruit Science & Hort. Tech., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar – 751 003,  India, Panda R.K. ,   Deptt. of Fruit Science & Hort. Tech., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar – 751 003,  India, Nayak P.K. ,   Deptt. of Fruit Science & Hort. Tech., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar – 751 003,  India
Published: May 2022

Aim: Present study aimed to assess the efficacy of paclobutrazol on vegetative growth, root traits, antomical modifications and nutrient uptake in mango. Methodology: Pot experiment was conducted in young grafted plants of Amrapali variety treated with four concentrations of paclobutrazol viz., 100 mg l-1, 200 mg l-1, 500 mg l-1 and 1000 mg l-1. The design was completely randomized with four replications and each replicate comprised of fifteen plants. Data on different parameters were recorded in randomly selected plants and mean values were presented. Results: Plant height, leaf area, internodal length, plant biomass and shoot biomass reduced by 30.8%, 32.4%, 38.2%, 38.7% and 40.4%, respectively, at higher concentration of paclobutrazol (1000 mg l-1). However, there was an increase in leaf chlorophyll content with high PBZ concentrations (1000 mg l-1). Root traits like root biomass, growth rate and primary root reduced significantly at higher PBZ concentrations, whereas tertiary roots tended to increase. The size of xylem and phloem reduced substantially at higher PBZ concentration. First principal component (PC 1) explained more than 92% of the variance signifying most of the growth attributing traits. Interpretation: The results unveiled that growth attributing traits, vascular characteristics of root and stem, and leaf nutrient status were significantly influenced by higher concentration of PBZ.
“Eu quero um amor”: violência no namoro e medida socioeducativa
Authors: Souza William Gualberto Gonçalves de , Lordello Silvia Renata Magalhães , Murta Sheila Giardini
Published: May 2022

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender como se manifesta a violência em relacionamentos amorosos de adolescentes do sexo feminino no contexto de internação socioeducativa. A pesquisa foi realizada tendo a  inserção ecológica como método. O pesquisador realizou 32 visitas a uma unidade de internação mista, com média de 3h por visita. Considerou-se participante da pesquisa 25 pessoas (14 adolescentes e 11 servidoras). Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática e apontaram para a presença da violência em relacionamentos amorosos das adolescentes, tanto atuais como pregressos. A violência cumpre várias funções no relacionamento amoroso e afeta o desenvolvimento de competências psicossociais. A unidade não dispunha de intervenção que abordasse prevenção à violência no namoro, apesar de relacionamentos amorosos aparecerem como um componente do projeto de vida. É fundamental a compreensão das múltiplas violências as quais o público feminino está submetido para qualificação do atendimento socioeducativo.
Hablando de comunicación y educación con una publicista. Una investigación narrativa
Authors: Rodriguez Victor Amar
Published: May 2022

La comunicación y la educación juegan un papel importante e imprescindible en nuestras vidas; en nuestra cotidianeidad. Los medios de comunicación y los nuevos medias (Internet) han cambiado la forma de convivir y el mundo se reduce al número de pulgadas que tienen las pantallas. Con la intención de conocer y comprender para mejorar, optamos por la metodología cualitativa-narrativa, con la finalidad de compartir la palabra con una experta de la comunicación/publicidad y profesora de Universidad. Una persona preocupada por contribuir al conocimiento y mejorar la comunicación y la educación actual; quien ve posible, o necesaria, una transformación crítica de la sociedad. Destacamos sus pareceres, pues presenta a un público como consumidor y poco responsable del hecho comunicativo, falto de alfabetización y envuelto por la tecnología. Además, ¿qué se hace desde los organismos que podrían establecer un poco de lucidez en este entramado comunicativo y educativo? No obstante, la convicción de un cambio no se pierde; pues, según la informante, se hace necesaria. Mientras que todos tenemos nuestra parcela de responsabilidad en esto de la comunicación para la educación.
A Rare Cause of Sphenoid Sinusitis
Authors: Risavi Brian , Elwell Kevin , Whiteman Courtney
Published: April 2022

Malignancy of the sphenoid sinus is rare. Tumors may extend to adjacent
anatomic structures before detection and may be easily missed. Outcomes
are typically poor and vary by tumor type. Clinicians should maintain
vigilance for neoplastic disease in patients presenting with headache
and ocular/neurological complaints of the face/sinuses.
Multi-omic Data Integration Using Multi-project and Multi-profile Kernel Joint Non-negative Matrix Factorization to Identify and Analyze Co-modules in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Salazar Diego , Aceros Sara , Aldana Gabriela , Valencia Carlos
Published: April 2022

Multi-omic data integration analyzes a vast amount of biological data
and contributes to understanding the biological processes underlying
organisms. Multiple machine learning techniques have been proposed to
solve this task, including extensions of the joint Non-negative Matrix
Factorization (jNMF) method, such as the Multi-project and Multi-profile
jNMF (M&M-jNMF). This method jointly factorizes input matrices from two
projects into low-rank matrices which have clustering properties.
However, the M&M-jNMF method does not capture the non-linear patterns
of the data. This paper proposes an extension of the M&M-jNMF approach
using projections into high-dimensional spaces through kernel functions;
therefore, we propose the M&M-KjNMF method. We compared the standard
M&M-jNMF and M&M-KjNMF methods using three different omic profiles of
the lung adenocarcinoma data. As M&M-jNMF, we used data from
experimental and observational data source. We evaluated the performance
of both methods by comparing the cophenetic coefficient, AUC, and
biological score. We found that M&M-KjNMF outperforms M&M-jNMF. The
new proposed method enables the identification of molecule co-modules
enriched in pathways tightly related to lung cancer emergence and
progression.
Isaacs Syndrome
Authors: REBELLO ALEX , Asif Mohd. , Dhanusha Kumbha , Haritha Bandi , Narmada Nangadda , Poudel Ram Chandra
Published: April 2022

We describe a patient who presented with fatigue and pulling sensation
in his lower limbs. He had continuous muscle contractions over his trunk
(myokymia) which pointed towards the diagnosis of Isaacs syndrome which
was confirmed by strongly positive CASPR2 antibodies in blood.
When is Magnetic Resonance Imaging most beneficial in olfactory dysfunction? A retrospective review of a tertiary referral smell and taste clinic
Authors: Kumaresan Kala , Hutson Kristian , Johnstone Laura , Philpott Carl
Published: April 2022

Background Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common but underreported
problem that can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life.
Dysfunction is prevalent in over 5% of the adult population and can be
broadly categorised into conductive and sensorineural causes. Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) can form part of the diagnostic work up,
although its exact role is often debated. Objectives The aim of this
study was to evaluate the value of MRI in managing patients with OD.
Design/ Method A retrospective analysis of the records of patients
presenting to national smell and taste clinic over a five-year period
was performed. Variables included demographics, endoscopic findings,
final diagnosis, psychophysical smell test and MRI results. Results A
total of 409 patients underwent clinical assessment and smell testing
for OD, of which 172 patients (42%) had MRI scans performed. The age
range of patients was 10 to 93 years. Imaging in younger age-groups was
associated with a higher rate of positive findings, however identifiable
causes for OD were recorded across the range. MRI provided both
diagnostic and prognostic information in those with idiopathic,
traumatic, and congenital causes of OD. For example, MRI provided
information on the extent or absence of traumatic gliosis in those with
a head trauma history allowing further treatment and prognosis.
Conclusion We recommend the adjunct use of MRI in patients with a clear
history and examination findings of head injury, congenital cases and in
apparent idiopathic cases. MRI should be requested to compliment
clinical findings with a view to aiding decision-making on treatment and
prognosis independent of patient’s age.
Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Corn Wax
Authors: Kang Bao , Liu Yameng , Yang Ruinan , Liang Shaohua
Published: May 2022

Corn wax, as a kind of vegetable wax, is a by-product of the corn oil
industry. In this study, the corn wax was purified from the corn oil
refineries. The composition and physicochemical properties of corn wax
were studied to provide theoretical guidance for the production and
application of corn wax. The results showed that the purity of corn wax
was higher than 95%, and the corn wax ester ranged from C42 to C58,
with C46, C44, and C48 being predominant. The fatty acid carbon atom of
corn wax was in the range of 16-30, with higher percentages of C20, C22,
and C24. The fatty alcohol of corn wax was in the range of C20-C32 and
dominated by C22, C24, C30, and C23. The physicochemical properties of
corn wax were also determined and compared with other vegetable and
animal waxes to get a more comprehensive understanding of corn wax. The
results showed that corn wax was a green and healthy natural resource
with great potential for application in food, health care, and medicine.
Epidemiological analysis of the first 1,000 cases of SARS-CoV-2 lineage BA.1 (B.1.1.529, Omicron) compared to co-circulating Delta, in Wales, United Kingdom
Authors: Pacchiarini Nicole , Sawyer Clare , Williams Christopher , Sutton Daryn , Roberts Christopher , Simkin Felicity , King Grace , McClure Victoria , Cottrell Simon , Clayton Helen , Beazer Andrew , Williams Catie , Rey Sara , Connor Tom , Moore Catherine
Published: May 2022

Background: The Omicron (lineage B.1.1.529) variant of severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in
Wales, UK on 3rd December 2021. The aim of the study was to describe the
first 1000 cases of the Omicron variant by demographic, vaccination
status, travel and severe outcome status and compare this to
contemporaneous cases of the Delta variant. Methods: Testing, typing and
contact tracing data were collected by Public Health Wales and analysis
undertaken by the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC).
Prevalence ratios for demographic factors and symptoms were calculated
comparing Omicron cases to Delta cases identified over the same time
period. Results: By 14th December 2021, 1000 cases of the Omicron
variant had been identified in Wales. Of the first 1000, just 3% of
cases had a prior history of travel revealing rapid community
transmission. Most cases (82%) were double vaccinated (65.9%) or
boosted (16.1%) and overall, 0.5% were hospitalised. Conclusion: Key
findings include a lower prevalence of anosmia and a reduced risk of
hospitalisation in the first 1000 Omicron cases compared to
co-circulating Delta cases. We also identify that existing measures for
travel restrictions to control importations of new variants identified
outside the UK did not prevent the rapid ingress of Omicron within
Wales.
ESCOLHAS CONTÁBEIS, CARACTERÍSTICAS CORPORATIVAS E ADOÇÃO DO IFRS EM DUAS ETAPAS
Authors: Silva Denise Mendes da , Martins Vinícius Aversari , Fávero Luiz Paulo Lopes
Published: April 2022

O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar quais características corporativas, representativas de incentivos econômicos, contratuais e institucionais, associam-se à realização de múltiplas escolhas contábeis nas empresas de grande porte no Brasil, ambiente peculiar de transição contábil para o International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) em mais de uma etapa. Para atingir tal objetivo, foi feito um diagnóstico das escolhas contábeis em 75 empresas de grande porte (companhias listadas e não listadas) durante o período de 2008 a 2013, bem como, um levantamento das características corporativas que possam estar associadas a essas escolhas. A técnica utilizada foi a análise de correspondência. A principal contribuição do estudo é a análise de diversas escolhas contábeis simultaneamente, em um ambiente de transição para o IFRS em mais de uma etapa. Diferentemente do que aponta a maioria dos estudos anteriores sobre escolhas contábeis, foram encontradas evidências de que características institucionais associam-se em maior grau à realização de escolhas contábeis do que características econômicas e contratuais, tanto durante o período de transição (2008-2009), quanto após a adoção completa (2010-2013). Possíveis explicações para esse resultado podem estar relacionadas ao nível de desenvolvimento do mercado brasileiro e à curva de aprendizado institucional contábil.
ESTUDO DO AMBIENTE INSTITUCIONAL PARA A INSERÇÃO DA TEMÁTICA SUSTENTABILIDADE EM CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS PARANAENSES: RECOMENDAÇÕES PRÁTICAS AOS ATORES INSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Santos Anne Carolina dos , Neumann Marguit , Mattiello Kerla
Published: April 2022

O objetivo geral deste artigo foi investigar como o ambiente institucional contribui para a inserção da temática sustentabilidade em cursos de graduação em Ciências Contábeis de universidades públicas do Paraná. O objetivo específico foi propor recomendações práticas aos atores institucionais quanto a inserção da sustentabilidade nos cursos. Tais objetivos foram alcançados por meio de entrevistas realizadas junto a coordenadores de curso, assim foram desenvolvidas 18 recomendações aos principais atores envolvidos no ambiente institucional dos cursos, tendo como foco a inserção do tema. Para tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que o ambiente institucional contribui mediante valorização do tema pela sociedade e pelos acadêmicos, havendo interferência da concorrência. Docentes influentes incentivam a inserção da temática nos cursos analisados. A pró-reitoria de ensino demonstrou ser capaz de tornar-se independente do arranjo institucional, sendo que a transdisciplinaridade detectada em três cursos expõe a ausência de projetos de extensão. Dentre outras recomendações práticas aos atores, há a necessidade de capacitação de docentes e da administração (pró-reitorias); diversificar a área dos cursos de pós-graduação realizados pelos docentes; necessidade de alteração da diretriz vigente do curso de Ciências Contábeis ou estabelecer diretrizes de avaliação dos cursos com maior destaque na sustentabilidade. A característica pioneira da pesquisa é investigar o tema junto a coordenadores de diversas instituições e disponibilizar recomendações práticas ao Ministério da Educação, Instituições de Ensino Superior, docentes e discentes do curso de Ciências Contábeis. Contribuições teóricas incluem o preenchimento da lacuna sobre a inserção da sustentabilidade em cursos de graduação.
Associations of Serum Carotenoids With Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From NHANES
Authors: Qiu Zixin , Chen Xue , Geng Tingting , Wan Zhenzhen , Lu Qi , Li Lin , Zhu Kai , Zhang Xuena , Liu Yujie , Lin Xiaoyu , Chen Liangkai , Shan Zhilei , Liu Liegang , Pan An , Liu Gang
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Although carotenoids have been suggested to exhibit antioxidant properties, some experimental studies reported that β-carotene may show pro-oxidant effects under certain conditions. Current evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects of carotenoids among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is scarce. This study aimed to prospectively examine the associations of individual serum carotenoid concentrations with cardiovascular mortality among adults with T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This analysis included 3,107 individuals with T2D from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES 2001–2006. Cardiovascular mortality was ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.

RESULTS

During an average of 14 years of follow-up, 441 cardiovascular deaths occurred. After multivariate adjustment including lifestyles, dietary factors, glucose control, and other major carotenoids, higher serum β-carotene concentrations were significantly associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality in a dose-response manner. When extreme quartiles of β-carotene were compared, the multivariable-adjusted HR was 2.47 (95% CI 1.62, 3.76) for cardiovascular mortality (Ptrend = 0.002); and per one-unit increment in natural log-transformed serum β-carotene was associated with a 46% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (P = 0.001). Other individual carotenoids (α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin) were not significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Consistent results were observed when stratifying by age, sex, race, BMI, smoking status, diabetes duration, and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher concentrations of serum β-carotene, but not other individual carotenoids, were significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality among individuals with T2D. Our findings, if replicated, underscore the need to estimate the optimal serum β-carotene concentrations in individuals with T2D.
La «cesión de uso» como mecanismo de despojo territorial de las comunidades nativas en el Perú
Authors:   Abogado, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Ruiz Molleda Juan Carlos ,   coordinador del área de Litigio Constitucional, Instituto de Defensa Legal (Perú), Gavancho León Olga Cristina del Rocío ,   Abogada, especialista en Justicia Constitucional, Interpretación y Aplicación de la Constitución; consultora del Instituto de Defensa Legal, región San Martín (Perú)
Published: May 2022

Este artículo analiza el andamiaje institucional peruano que favorece mecanismos de despojo de territorios de pueblos indígenas en el Perú, los cuales están protegidos por normas que los reconocen como tal y que tienen rango constitucional, siendo de obligado cumplimiento. De esta forma, se violan los estándares internacionales de protección de los derechos humanos y se incumple el Convenio 169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), así como la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Corte IDH). Se destaca, al respecto, que el Estado peruano ha acreditado la titulación con «cesión de uso» de los territorios de los pueblos indígenas con aptitud forestal como principal mecanismo de despojo que afectan a territorios ancestrales de los pueblos indígenas de la selva peruana.
Gobernanza ambiental global, derechos humanos y capacidades socioestatales en América Latina
Authors:   Profesora-investigadora, Universidad de Guadalajara (México), Hincapié Sandra ,   miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), nivel 2
Published: May 2022

Este artículo es un estudio comparativo de las capacidades socioestatales que han sido desarrolladas en los procesos de institucionalización de áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) en América Latina, en el marco de su interdependencia con los procesos de gobernanza global y respecto al papel que los derechos humanos han representado para tal fin. Desde un enfoque que combina el análisis de la acción colectiva multinivel con un seguimiento de procesos, este trabajo traza trayectorias institucionales nacionales y multilaterales; analiza las principales dinámicas que se producen para la delimitación de la protección de áreas naturales en los países con mayor biodiversidad de la región y explora posibilidades con vistas a los nuevos acuerdos en la agenda global.
Odisea en un mar de tierra: migraciones venezolanas en Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay
Authors:   profesor-investigador, Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de Chile, Gissi Barbieri Nicolás , Polo Alvis Sebastián ,   Profesor investigador, Facultad de Ciencia Política, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad del Rosario (Colombia); docente y director del Semillero de Migraciones Colombianas al Exterior (SEMICOEX), Flórez de Andrade Angelo ,   Profesor-investigador, Facultad de Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Santo Tomás (Colombia)
Published: May 2022

Más de 5,4 millones de personas han abandonado Venezuela durante la última década, de las cuales 4,6 millones han llegado a países de América Latina y el Caribe. La mayoría son refugiados que buscan instalarse en otro país de la región, entre ellos, Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay. Este artículo se enfoca en la diáspora venezolana hacia estos países, analizando si se trata de fronteras abiertas o cerradas y las formas institucionales de incorporación o de exclusión que ha vivenciado esta población. Para ello, hace un abordaje casuístico a partir de la revisión legislativa y el análisis de políticas en cada país: aunque Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay pertenecen a Mercosur y pactaron el acuerdo de residencia común, que facilitaba el movimiento de personas, Paraguay no ha creado una categoría migratoria especial para los ciudadanos venezolanos, implementando un enfoque más restrictivo.
No todo lo que brilla es oro ni trae desarrollo
Authors:   Investigador predoctoral en Ciencias Sociales, FLACSO-México, Acuña Villarraga Fabián Alejandro ,   investigador, Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina (IIJ-UNAM/OEA)
Published: May 2022

Reseña de libro: Merlinsky, Gabriela. Toda ecología es política: las luchas por el derecho al ambiente en busca de alternativas de mundos. Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2021; 200 págs.
Assessment and Semantic Categorization of Fabric Visual Texture Preferences
Authors: Kodžoman Duje , Hladnik Aleš , Čuden Alenka Pavko , Čok Vanja
Published: May 2022

The texture of a fabric can be perceived by the haptic and visual senses. Visual texture can be defined as a visual quality of a surface. It is an important phenomenon because it can be significant in many fields, such as textile design and e-commerce. At the same time, when we consider the semantics of the word, it is important to take into account that there are a variety of manifestations of fabrics (e.g., woven, knitted, etc.). The mechanism of visual texture perception of fabrics was investigated by measuring visual evaluation values. In our experiment, 12 textile samples with different surface textures are evaluated using thirty-four adjectives (Kansei words). For each visual texture, the adjectives with the highest mean ratings are extracted and analyzed. By using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), we aimed to discover and determine preferences for the visual texture of fabrics. The result is a semantic explanation of fabric texture with the adjectives proposed, which can help customers to evaluate the quality of the textile.
Oncological outcomes of testicular cancer patients: 10 years of experiences resulting from a single university-based hospital
Authors: Bejrananda Tanan , Leetanaporn Komsan , Pruphetkaew Nannapat , Tanthanuch Monthira
Published: May 2022

Purpose

To explore clinical and pathological characteristics of testicular cancer and also identify factors associated with its oncological outcomes. Testicular cancer has a very good prognosis. Actually, we aim to report on 10 years of experience in the real-world practice of treating testicular cancer in a university-based hospital.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study of testicular cancer patients in Songklanagarind hospital; from January 2007 and December 2016, all eligible testicular cancer patients were included. Clinical characteristics (age, physical examination findings, tumour markers, histopathology, clinical stage, and initial treatment) and clinical outcomes were collected. These patients were divided into two groups: seminoma patients (seminomas) and non-seminoma patients (non-seminomas). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of treatment were analysed, and factors associated with oncological outcomes were identified.

Results

In 45 patients, median age 33 years, with diagnosis of testicular cancer, seminomas and non-seminomas were responsible for 23 (52.8%) and 22 (49%) of the cases, respectively. The median time of follow-up was 80.6 months (range: 1.8 to 120 months). The five-year OS was 94.7% and 57.1% in the seminoma and non-seminoma groups, respectively. For non-seminomas, five-year OS were 71.4%, 50%, and 42.9% in stage Ib–IIIa, IIIb, and IIIc, respectively, and for seminoma they were 92.3% and 100% in stage Ib–IIIa and IIIb, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that non-seminoma, higher staging, and higher IGCCC risk were associated with poorer survival, significantly (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Seminoma has a good prognosis and survival at all stages, whereas, in the non-seminoma group, higher staging and IGCCC risk were independent factors associated with a poorer prognosis.
Transmission route used by parasitic lasidium larvae of the freshwater mussel Anodontites trapesialis on guppies Poecilia reticulata during short cohabitation
Authors: Grano-Maldonado M. I. , Madureira I. B. , Trigueiro N. S. S. , Gonçalves N. V. , Rocha T. L.
Published: May 2022

We describe for the first time the transmission route employed by the parasitic larvae of the freshwater mussel Anodontites trapesialis (Lamarck, 1819) during cohabitation on the guppy Poecilia reticulata Peter, 1859. The freshwater mussel and fish-host were employed as a model system to investigate the infection and parasite establishment. Laboratory experiments included video recording and histopathological analysis of the infection. In vivo video observations demonstrated that lasidium larvae could be transmitted to guppies during direct contact. A series of histology samples and photography suggest that this larva attaches and colonizes possibly on-site on the outer surface of the fish, causing cellular inflammation in the epidermis layer with cellular hyperplasia in the zone of parasite attachment. An evident hyaline layer, cellular hypertrophy, and a large number of undifferentiated proliferating cells were observed. Hemorrhagic tissue and swelling were observed in the epidermis and dermic zone. The total number of larvae per male and female guppy was 525 ± 86 and 494 ± 167, respectively. No parasitic preference was detected for male versus female parasitized fish.
Autoimmunity in human CE: Correlative with the fertility status of the CE cyst
Authors: Saftawy E. A. EL , Abdelraouf A. , Elsalam M. A. , Zakareya P. , Fouad A. , Albadawi E. A. , Abobakr Ali A. H. S. , Amin N. M.
Published: May 2022

Cystic echinococcosis is speculated to exert several immune-evasion strategies involving autoimmune-phenomena. We evaluated the hypothesizes that the prevalence of autoantibodies increases in the sera of CE patients that may evidence the association between the parasite and autoimmune diseases. Sera from 63 subjects at distinct types of CE cyst fertility were investigated for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and anti-CCP antibodies. Plasma levels and cellular production of IL-17A cytokine were specifically defined as being assumed to prime for autoimmunity. Healthy-controls were age and gender-matched to test sera. ANA expressions inside the surgically removed metacestode and adventitial layer were also assayed. Out of 63 patients, 35 % had fertile highly viable cysts (group-1), 41 % had fertile low viable cysts (group-2) and 24 % had non-fertile cysts (group-3). A four-fold increase in ANA sera-levels was detected in group-1 compared with their controls (p-value 0.001) while anti-CCP levels were of insignificant differences. In group-2 and group-3, no significant differences were detected between ANA and anti-CCP sera-levels in CE patients and their controls. IL-17A sera-levels in group-1 and group- 2 were significantly higher than their healthy-controls while being of insignificant differences in group-3, p-value= 0.300. No association was detected between sera-levels of IL-17A and ANA as well as anti-CCP antibodies. Interestingly, relative IL-17A cellular expression associated positive ANA deposition in the parasite cells and adventitial layer. Collectively, based on the parasite fertility, IL-17A and ANA seemed to be involved in the host immune defenses against CE. There is no association between CE and anti-CCP antibodies.
Evaluation of toxic effects of chemotherapy in lung malignancies on cerebral white matter using diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Aydin Sinem , Demir Tarik , Turk Haci Mehmet , Cesme Dilek Hacer , Aliyev Altay , Ali Gultekin Mehmet , Fatih Yilmaz Temel , Alkan Alpay
Published: May 2022

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Carboplatin and cisplatin based regimens are used in the treatment of NSCLC. The aim of the study was to find out whether there is a difference in white matter (WM) changes between two platinum-based chemotherapy agents using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Patients and methods

25 patients who received chemotherapy for NSCLC and 27 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) values of the study population were measured from 11 regions of interest in pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy MRI data.

Results

Cisplatin group showed a significant decrease in the FA of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (P = 0.028). Carboplatin group showed a significant FA decrease and RD increase in the forceps minor (P = 0.022 and P = 0.011, respectively), and a significant reduction in AD and increase in MD in frontal white matter (WM) (P = 0.008 and P = 0.029, respectively). In comparison of post chemotherapy DTI values of the two groups, carboplatin group showed lower FA, and higher MD and RD values than cisplatin group in parieto-occipital WM (P = 0.034, P = 0.034, P = 0.029, respectively).

Conclusions

The findings of the study suggest that subtle effects of chemotherapy detectable with DTI may emerge after the treatment. In addition, carboplatin regimen may have more impact on WM than cisplatin regimen.
Orkestra sebagai Peristiwa Mediasi: Jakarta City Philharmonic, Tubuh dan Materialitas
Authors: Fisandra Halida Bunga , Danusiri Aryo
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 virus has infiltrated the recesses of human life around the world. The phenomenon that arises from restrictions on movement in offline spaces is the massive effort by humans to adapt to online media. We can see many artists and musicians performing through various digital platforms, including the Jakarta City Philharmonic (JCP) orchestra. This article will describe the changing process of orchestral space-time in online media which has eliminated bodily interactions as an essential element in musical performances. Through contemporary anthropology, we argue that technology allows orchestras to exist as mediating events through their role as mediators; which reassembles the connections and negotiations between the body and the materiality of the orchestra. The virtual ethnographic method was used through online observations and in-depth interviews with artistic directors, assistant musicians, and orchestra musicians. The results showed that the JCP orchestra experienced an embodied experience arising from technological disassembly and reassembly as a connecting tissue. It can be seen from the relation between actants, and their implications for evaluating artistic values and performativity of orchestral performances.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission Gives Municipalities the Opportunity to Defy their Status as "Creatures of the Province"
Authors: Hudson Victoria
Published: May 2022

This paper analyses the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s (TRC) inclusion, or lack thereof, of Municipalities as a critical power structure in the process of decolonization and resurgence across settler-colonial Canada. The TRC only called upon Municipalities five times, suggesting that they have little importance to the process. This indicates that it is up to the Federal and Provincial governments to address the calls to action, to which they would only be able to apply a top-down and “one size fits all” approach. This approach is insufficient because many diverse subgroups of Indigenous people live across Canada. So, who will effectively help develop policies, resources, and urban planning for the local Indigenous communities? That would have to be municipalities, unlike what the TRC is suggesting. Municipalities are more capable of providing a grass-roots approach to urban planning and policymaking when addressing the calls to action, something the other levels of government can not do, therefore, defying the ideology of being known as “Creatures of the Province” and signifying their importance to the process. Throughout this paper, I identify how municipalities can effectively take on the calls to action by recognizing and including the unique Indigenous identities within urban spaces, a requirement in accomplishing true reconciliation, decolonization, and Indigenous resurgence.
Perbandingan Efektivitas BAE dengan Senam Kaki Terhadap Sirkulasi Darah Perifer dan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Salihun Saleha , Idris Irfan , Ariyandi Andi
Published: April 2022

Hiperglikemia dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan aterosklerosis, penebalan membran basalis dan perubahan pada saraf perifer. Hal ini menyebabkan gangguan perfusi perifer yang menimbulkan beberapa komplikasi serius seperti ulkus, gangren hingga beresiko amputasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas antara buerger allen exercise dengan senam kaki terhadap sirkulasi darah perifer dan kadar glukosa darah puasa pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik komparatif dengan sampel 32 orang pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kelompok responden dibagi menjadi dua, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 16 responden. Kelompok pertama, responden yang diberikan perlakuan latihan buerger Allen exercise dan kelompok kedua, responden yang diberikan latihan senam kaki. Berdasarkan hasil uji analisis paired t-test pada kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan latihan buerger Allen exercise dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang diberikan latihan senam kaki, didapatkan hasil yang signifikan, p=0,001 (p<0.05), yang berarti ada pengaruh terhadap peningkatan nilai ankle brachial index (ABI) dan penurunan kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP), dan 2 jam post prandial (PP). Selanjutnya, dari Hasil uji independent t-test diperoleh perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok responden yang diberikan latihan buerger Allen exercise dan kelompok responden  yang diberikan latihan senam kaki P<0.05. ( p=0.001 untuk nilai ABI, p = 0.004 untuk GDP dan p = 0.037 untuk 2 jam PP). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah buerger allen exercise lebih efektif dibandingkan senam kaki terhadap peningkatan nilai ABI, dilain pihak senam kaki lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan buerger allen exercise terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah.