bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cryo-EM structure of a photosystem I variant containing an unusual plastoquinone derivative in its electron transfer chain
Authors: Gisriel Christopher J. , Kurashov Vasily , Iwig David F. , Russell Brandon P. , Vinyard David J. , Brudvig Gary W. , Golbeck John H. , Lakshmi K. V.
Published: November 2024

Photosystem I (PS I) is a light-driven oxidoreductase responsible for converting photons into chemical bond energy. Its application for renewable energy was revolutionized by the creation of the MenB deletion (Δ
menB
) variant in the cyanobacterium
Synechocystis
sp. PCC 6803, in which phylloquinone is replaced by plastoquinone-9 with a low binding affinity. This permits its exchange with exogenous quinones covalently coupled to dihydrogen catalysts that bind with high affinity, thereby converting PS I into a stable solar fuel catalyst. Here, we reveal the 2.03-Å-resolution cryo-EM structure of a recent MenB variant of PS I. The quinones and their binding environment are analyzed in the context of previous biophysical data, thereby enabling a protocol to solve future PS I hybrids and constructs from this genetically tractable cyanobacterium.
Nonreciprocal superconductivity
Authors: Davydova Margarita , Geier Max , Fu Liang
Published: November 2024

We introduce the notion of nonreciprocal superconductors where inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, giving rise to an asymmetric energy dispersion. We demonstrate that nonreciprocal superconductivity can be detected by Andreev reflection. In particular, a transparent junction between a normal metal and a nonreciprocal superconductor generally exhibits an asymmetric current-voltage characteristic, which serves as a defining feature of nonreciprocal superconductivity. Unlike the superconducting diode effects, our detection scheme has the advantage of avoiding large critical currents that turn the superconducting state to normal. Last, we discuss candidates for nonreciprocal superconductivity, including graphene, UTe2, as well as engineered platforms.
The ability of
sarA
to limit protease production plays a key role in the pathogenesis of
Staphylococcus aureus
osteomyelitis irrespective of the functional status of
agr
Authors: Beenken Karen E. , Campbell Mara J. , Smeltzer Mark S.
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate that mutation of the staphylococcal accessory regulator A (
sarA
) in the USA300 strain LAC limits virulence in a murine osteomyelitis model to a greater extent than mutation of the accessory gene regulator (
agr
) and that it does so irrespective of the functional status of
agr
. Protease production was decreased in the
agr
mutant but increased in
sarA
and
sarA/agr
mutants to a degree that limited biofilm formation. Extracellular protein A (eSpa) and full-length extracellular nuclease (Nuc1) were absent in the conditioned medium (CM) from
sarA
and
sarA
/
agr
mutants, and their abundance was restored in both mutants by eliminating protease production. Cytotoxicity of CM for osteoblasts and osteoclasts was also reduced in both mutants. Cytotoxicity was restored in a protease-deficient
sarA
mutant but not in the protease-deficient
sarA
/
agr
mutant. Reduced cytotoxicity was correlated with the reduced abundance of full-length α-toxin, LukF, and LukS in
sarA
and
sarA
/
agr
mutants. The abundance of these toxins in their full-length form was increased in the protease-deficient
sarA
mutant by comparison to LAC, demonstrating that mutation of
sarA
increases the production of these toxins but increased protease production limits their abundance in full-length and presumably functional forms. Most importantly, eliminating protease production enhanced the virulence of
sarA
and
sarA/agr
mutants, but had no impact in the
agr
mutant. We conclude that a key factor in the attenuation of LAC
sarA
and
sarA
/
agr
mutants in osteomyelitis is the increased production of extracellular proteases and its impact on virulence factors that contribute to biofilm formation and cytotoxicity.

IMPORTANCE

The persistent emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has rekindled interest in anti-virulence strategies to combat
S. aureus
infections. Numerous reports describe anti-virulence strategies focusing on key regulatory elements that globally influence virulence factor production, the two most commonly targeted being the accessory gene regulator (
agr
) and the staphylococcal accessory regulator A (
sarA
). We demonstrate that mutation of
sarA
limits virulence to a greater extent than mutation of
agr
and that this can be attributed to increased protease production in both
sarA
and
sarA
/
agr
mutants. This illustrates the critical role of
sarA
in protease-mediated post-translational regulation in
S. aureus
. It also suggests that an inhibitor of
sarA
would be more effective than an inhibitor of
agr
in overcoming the therapeutic recalcitrance of osteomyelitis and that such an inhibitor would remain effective even in the context of
agr
mutants known to arise
in vivo
during the transition from acute to chronic infection.
The complete genome sequence of the stolbur pathogen “
Candidatus
Phytoplasma solani” from
Pentastiridius leporinus
Authors: Toth Rafael , Huettel Bruno , Eini Omid , Varrelmann Mark , Kube Michael
Published: November 2024

The complete genome of “
Candidatus
Phytoplasma solani” GOE was obtained from the infected vector
Pentastiridius leporinus
by single-molecule real-time sequencing. This 16SrXII-P phytoplasma is associated with the economically important sugar beet disease “syndrome basses richesses.” The genome sequence is an essential resource for diagnosis and understanding pathogen–host interaction.
Draft genome of a human gut-derived
Blautia
sp. that ameliorates colitis and colitis-associated sociability deficits in mice
Authors: Murphy Michaela A. , Brown D. Garrett , Bell Rickesha S. , Weis Allison M. , Barrios Logan A. , Stephens W. Zac , Round June L.
Published: November 2024

Blautia
is a genus of anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria commonly found in mammalian gastrointestinal tracts. Yet, how variations among different
Blautia
strains can impact host health is poorly understood. We present a
Blautia
sp. genome isolated from human feces whose supplementation to mice can ameliorate colitis severity and associated sociability deficits.
The Cwr1 protein kinase localizes to the plasma membrane and mediates resistance to cell wall stress in
Candida albicans
Authors: Naseem Shamoon , Zahumenský Jakub , Lanze Carla E. , Douglas Lois M. , Malínský Jan , Konopka James B.
Published: November 2024

The plasma membrane is critical for the virulence of the human fungal pathogen
Candida albicans
. In addition to functioning as a protective barrier, the plasma membrane plays dynamic roles in a wide range of functions needed for virulence including nutrient uptake, cell wall synthesis, morphogenesis, resistance to stress, and invasive hyphal growth. Screening a collection of
C. albicans
mutants identified an understudied gene that is important for invasive hyphal growth, which we have termed
CWR1
(Cell Wall Regulatory kinase). A mutant strain lacking
CWR1
displayed defects in resisting stressful conditions that exacerbate cell wall defects. The Cwr1 protein shows strong similarity to protein kinases, suggesting it plays a regulatory role in coordinating plasma membrane and cell wall functions. A Cwr1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein localized to punctate patches associated with the plasma membrane that partially overlapped Membrane Compartment of Can1 (MCC)/eisosome domains. In contrast to the static MCC/eisosome domains, the Cwr1–GFP patches were very dynamic. Truncation mutants lacking C-terminal sequences distal to the protein kinase domain failed to show detectable localization at the plasma membrane. Surprisingly, these mutant strains did not show the defects of a
cwr1Δ
mutant, suggesting that localization to punctate patches associated with the plasma membrane is not essential for Cwr1 function. Altogether, these data indicate that Cwr1 contributes to the regulation of plasma membrane functions that promote proper morphogenesis and resistance to cell wall stress, both of which are important for
C. albicans
virulence.

IMPORTANCE

The ability of
Candida albicans
to grow invasively in the host and resist stress is critical for it to be an effective human pathogen. Identifying the genes that promote these processes is important for developing new strategies to block infection. Therefore, genetic methods were used in this study to identify a novel gene that is needed for invasive growth and stress resistance (Cell Wall Regulatory kinase [
CWR1
]). Interestingly, the Cwr1 protein localized to punctate patches in the plasma membrane, some of which co-localized with specialized subdomains of the plasma membrane known as eisosomes that are known to promote stress resistance and invasive growth in the host. Thus, these studies identified a novel regulator of traits that are critical for
C. albicans
pathogenesis.
Dietary supplementation with compound microecological preparations: effects on the production performance and gut microbiota of lactating female rabbits and their litters
Authors: Zhao Chengcheng , Li Youhao , Wang Hui , Solomon Ahamba Ifeanyi , Wang Shuhui , Dong Xianggui , Song Bing , Ren Zhanjun
Published: November 2024

Early weaning is frequently accompanied by a significant increase in diarrhea and mortality rates, which reduces rabbits’ performance. Although antibiotics can reduce pathogenic bacteria, they also harm beneficial microorganisms and disrupt the normal intestinal microbiota balance. In order to find non-residue and non-toxic alternatives to antibiotics to ensure the safety of animal products, we conducted a study on the effect of compound microecological preparations supplementation on lactating female rabbits and their offspring. A total of 60 female rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups: CON, supplemented with probiotics at 3, 6, and 9 g/female rabbit/day from day 24 of gestation until weaning. We observed that probiotics supplementation significantly enhanced production performance (
P
< 0.05), immune and antioxidant function (
P
< 0.05), as well as intestinal flora composition in lactating rabbits and their offspring. Notably, compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a 19.23%, 44.22%, and 24.57% increase in milk yield (
P
= 0.002). Regarding rabbit growth performance, the average body weight of young rabbits in the experimental group showed a significant increase of 3.59%, 10.22%, and 6.74% at day 35 (
P
= 0.022), whereas the average daily gain (ADG) of rabbits aged between 21 and 35 days was significantly elevated by 4.94%, 17.06%, and 6.28% in the experimental group (
P
< 0.001). In conclusion, probiotics supplementation can significantly enhance lactation performance, promote growth and disease resistance in rabbits, as well as improve intestinal health when administered at a dosage of 6 g/day. Moreover, the limited sample size in this study may hinder the detection of subtle effects, and augmenting the sample size will bolster the reliability of the study findings.

IMPORTANCE

The intestinal environment of rabbits is fragile and susceptible to environmental influences, leading to inflammatory intestinal diseases. Adding antibiotics to rabbit feed can achieve the effect of preventing and treating inflammation, which can also lead to the imbalance of the gut microbiota and residual antibiotics in agricultural products. Composite probiotics are live microbial feed additives composed of various ratios of probiotics and have become the most promising alternative to antibiotics due to their residue-free and non-toxic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of compound probiotics on lactating female rabbits and their offspring. Our findings highlight the potential of compound microecological preparations as an effective strategy for enhancing lactation performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity in rabbits. The supplementation of probiotics through rabbit milk offers a promising approach to optimize the growth and health outcomes of newborn rabbits.
Genomic epidemiology of invasive Group A Streptococcus infections in Argentina, 2023: high prevalence of
emm
1-global and detection of
emm
1 hypervirulent lineages
Authors: Cipolla Lucía , Gianecini Ariel , Poklepovich Tomas , Etcheverry Paula , Rocca Florencia , Prieto Mónica
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to describe the genomic epidemiology of invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) in Argentina during 2023. A total of 476 invasive GAS isolates were subtyped and analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. A high prevalence of the
emm
1-type strain was observed. Among the
emm
1 strains, two highly virulent international variants,
emm
1-UK and
emm
1-DK, were identified. Additionally, a local variant, called
emm
1-ST1319, was detected. This seminal study provides initial insights into the genomic landscape of iGAS, contributing to active surveillance to monitor emerging virulent
emm
1 lineages and cross-border transmission in South America.

IMPORTANCE

Amid the increase in invasive
Streptococcus pyogenes
infections in Argentina in 2023, the implementation of genomic analysis of isolates allowed us to detect at the national level the prevalence of the
emm
1 type and within the M1 type, emerging national and international hypervirulent lineages. These findings from our report shed light on the distribution of invasive Group A Streptococcus, laying the foundation for genomic surveillance of this pathogen.
Improved Zika virus plaque assay using Vero/TMPRSS2 cell line
Authors: Oluwasemowo Olukunle O. , Graham Monica E. , Murugesh Deepa K. , Borucki Monica K.
Published: November 2024

Plaque assay is the gold standard for the quantification of viable cytopathic viruses like Zika virus (ZIKV). Some strains of ZIKV produce plaques that are very difficult to accurately visualize and count on the commonly used Vero cell line. From data generated in our lab, we became curious if Vero/TMPRSS2 cells may be a better alternative; therefore, we compared the plaque forming units of two strains of ZIKV on Vero/TMPRSS2 cells to those produced by Vero cells. We also compared the virus stock titer generated on Vero/TMPRSS2 cells to that generated by the Vero cell line. Although the Vero cells generated higher quantity of ZIKV stocks, the Vero/TMPRSS2 cells produced plaques with significantly improved morphology and visibility and may, therefore, be a better alternative to use for performing plaque assays for strains of ZIKV that are more difficult to titer on regular Vero cells.

IMPORTANCE

While there are several methods of viral quantification, the plaque assay remains the gold standard for accurate quantification of replication-competent, cytopathic viruses including Zika virus (ZIKV). Vero cells are commonly used to titer ZIKV stock via the plaque assay. Prior to the initiation of this study, we observed that ZIKV-PRV strain plaque assays using Vero cells often yielded plaques that were very small, overly diffuse, and hard to count. We also observed that the ZIKV-CAM strain often did not produce plaques at all on Vero cells. This study shows that Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2 improve the morphology and visibility of plaques produced by ZIKV-PRV and ZIKV-CAM compared to regular Vero cells and may, therefore, be a better alternative to use for performing plaque assays for these strains and perhaps for other strains of ZIKV that are difficult to titer. However, Vero cells proved to be superior for generating high titer stock.
Exploration of urease-aided calcium carbonate mineralization by enzyme analyses of
Neobacillus mesonae
strain NS-6
Authors: Ma Zhiwei , Chen Mengyao , Lu Juncheng , Liu Shichuang , Ma Yanling
Published: November 2024

Urease containing nickel cofactor is crucial for urea-hydrolytic induced calcium carbonate (CaCO
3
) precipitation (UICP). However, limited information exists regarding the influence of amino acid residues interacting with nickel ions in its structure on induced CaCO
3
mineralization. Herein, RT-qPCR was used to demonstrate that the addition of NiCl
2
dramatically upregulated the expression of urease structural gene
ureC
that was correlated with nickel binding in
Neobacillus mesonae
strain NS-6. Homology modeling and molecular docking were employed to construct the three-dimensional structure of urease and seek the key residues involved in nickel binding process, and virtual mutation technology was adopted to inform three key residues coordinated with nickel ions and urea, His249, His275, and Asp363. Four metrics, including root mean square deviation values for mutations of those key residues in urease-urea complexes severally and wild-type, were calculated by molecular dynamics simulations when they were mutated into alanine, respectively. Subsequently, the mutations of H249A, H275A, and D363A were characterized using western blotting to reveal a decrease in the relative expression and activity of urease, along with a corresponding reduction in CaCO
3
precipitation. Ultimately, the mutations also exhibited that they had lower substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency for urea through enzymatic properties analysis. The findings suggested that those residues played a pivotal role in UICP of strain NS-6, which would expand the theoretical basis for modulating urease activity.

IMPORTANCE

Urease-producing bacterium is of great importance in diverse application fields, such as environmental remediation, due to its key driving characteristics in catalyzing urea hydrolysis via urea-hydrolytic induced CaCO
3
precipitation (UICP). As essential cofactors of urease, nickel ions play a crucial role in regulating urease catalysis and maintaining structural stability. Numerous investigations have emphasized the impact of nickel ions on urease activity in recent years, to our best knowledge, only a few literatures have studied the molecular-level regulation of nickel-ligand residues. This study focused on the highly urease-producing bacterial
Neobacillus mesonae
NS-6 to explore the effects of specific nickel-ligand residues on the urease-aided CaCO
3
mineralization process using molecular simulation predictions and targeted mutation experiments. The aim was to provide a molecular-level understanding of the interactive effects between urea and critical residues associated with the urease active center, as well as propose an effective modification strategy to enhance the application of UICP in future environmental areas.
Distinctive source and hydration state of gold-ore−forming arc magmas
Authors: Mafra Carolina , Loucks Robert , Fiorentini Marco
Published: November 2024

Whole-rock trace-element analyses contain previously unutilized evidence of mantle source fertility, degree of partial melting, and silicate melt hydration state that are applicable to arc magmatism globally. Spidergram arrays of gold-fertile mafic melts have steeper slopes than gold-infertile ones, characterized by higher Ba/Zr, Nb/Y, and U/Yb. Spidergrams of gold-fertile mafic magmas indicate relatively low percentage melting of lithospheric mantle metasomatized by migrating silicate melts as well as aqueous fluids. Gold-fertile and -infertile melts retain distinctively high Ba/Zr, Nb/Y, and U/Yb across the mafic-to-felsic differentiation series. Plots of V/Y versus Ba/Zr discriminate relative hydration states during magmatic differentiation. The ability of these ratios to discriminate gold-mineralizing magmas is demonstrated by comparison of barren reference suites with our compilation of the compositions of Phanerozoic magmas that generated 138 magmatic-hydrothermal gold deposits worldwide. The distinction between mafic melt compositions in mineralized and barren igneous complexes demonstrates that gold metallogenic fertility and infertility are primary properties of melts generated in different mantle source regions. Magmatic gold fertility typically pervades gold ore provinces for the duration of the regional metallogenic epoch, until changing geodynamics modifies the balance of mantle melt sources.
Hydrodynamic modes in holographic multiple-axion model
Authors: Xia Ling-Zheng , Li Wei-Jia
Published: November 2024

In this paper we investigate the shear viscoelasticity and the hydrodynamic modes in a holographic solid model with several sets of axions that all break the translations spontaneously on boundary. Comparing with the single-axion model, the shear modulus is enhanced at high temperatures and the shear viscosity is always suppressed in the presence of additional axions. However, the different sets of axions exhibit competitive relationship in determining the shear modulus at low temperatures. Furthermore, by calculating the black hole quasi-normal modes, it is found that adding more axions only increases the amount of diffusive modes. The number of the sound modes always remains unchanged.
Research on Evaluation Model of Physical Education Learning and Training Effect of College Students Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Wang Jinlan , Zhang Hong , Tian Zuo
Published: November 2024

The experience of organizing and managing activities in the traditional sports industry has been introduced into university sports, enabling universities to organize various sports competitions, sports events, fitness activities, etc. more efficiently. By drawing on the management model of industrialization, university sports can ensure the smooth progress of activities while enhancing student participation and satisfaction. Modern university sports not only focus on the construction and improvement of sports facilities, but also actively introduce intelligent sports equipment and fitness apps to provide students with more convenient and personalized sports learning and training experiences. The integration of these products and services makes university sports more closely aligned with the actual needs of students. The research on sports industry innovation is also deepening. Therefore, the research on the construction of university sports sustainable development strategic goals is based on data mining algorithms. By summarizing the concept of the traditional sports industry, according to the superiority, the relevant data are processed. The evaluation model of physical education learning and training effect of college students is based on data mining technology. By analyzing students’ sports learning and training data, the hidden information and knowledge can be mined to provide effective evaluation and guidance for college sports teaching and training. This study will use data mining technologies, such as decision trees, support vector machines, neural networks, etc., to conduct in-depth analysis of students’ sports learning and training data, and find out the impact of learning, training, etc. The key factors of the training effect and the corresponding evaluation model are constructed.
Multi-Layered Algorithm for Chinese Cultural Dissemination Power Based on Feature Selection and Weight Learning
Authors: Yan Xiuzhi
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach to analyzing and enhancing the effectiveness of cultural dissemination using a multi-layered algorithm framework based on feature selection and weight learning. We first employ the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regularization technique for feature selection, identifying the most informative features crucial for predicting the power of cultural transmission. Following this, a reinforcement learning framework based on Deep Q-Networks (DQN) is established, incorporating a reward mechanism that favors feature combinations promoting cultural dissemination. Through interaction with the environment, the model learns the weights of these features, reflecting their contribution to successful cultural transmission. The identified features and learned weights are then integrated into a multi-layered algorithmic framework. Each layer of this framework represents a different aspect of cultural transmission, such as content creation, dissemination channels, and audience feedback, ensuring effective interaction between layers. Finally, the model is applied to real-world cultural dissemination cases, like popular music, movies, or literary works, to validate its effectiveness. The results demonstrate the potential of this approach in providing insightful strategies for optimizing cultural dissemination.
Application of Badminton Sequence Image Processing Based on Feature Extraction Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Xiaofeng , Feng Hui , Guo Xiude , Ren Fangling
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of computer technology, the application of computer information technology in the field of physical education is becoming increasingly widespread, especially in promoting students’ physical health, showing great potential. This paper focuses on badminton teaching in universities, and from the perspective of improving students’ physical health, deeply studies the application practice of badminton sequence image processing technology based on feature extraction algorithm in teaching. Through feature extraction algorithms, subtle differences in swing movements can be captured, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent motion analysis. In order to further improve processing efficiency, this paper adopts the idea of multi process programming and implements a parallel processing mechanism for classification software design. This innovation not only significantly shortens the image processing time, but also greatly improves the overall detection efficiency of the system, providing real-time and efficient feedback for badminton teaching. The speed change of the racket during the swing can reflect the athlete’s strength control and the explosive power at the moment of hitting the ball. By calculating the position changes of the racket in consecutive image frames, the velocity curve can be obtained to analyze the trend of velocity changes. Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity, which better reflects the athlete’s power output at the moment of hitting the ball. Calculating acceleration can further reveal the strength and explosiveness of the swing motion. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper conducted experimental simulations using Matlab and implemented automatic classification and detection of badminton swing quality levels through the VC6.0 programming environment. The experimental results show that the badminton sequence image processing technology based on a feature extraction algorithm can accurately identify swing movements at different levels, providing a scientific evaluation basis and personalized teaching suggestions for badminton teaching in universities.
Design of Intelligent Exam Management Optimization System Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yang Huizhen
Published: November 2024

An Intelligent Exam Management System (IEMS) improves education information and handles an important role in education administration and management. Test optimization is the practice of successfully reducing test execution time and expenses. However, this can come at the expense of accuracy, efficiency, and the quality of testing that existed prior to optimization. In addition to being time-consuming and labor-intensive for teachers, grading essay responses may lead to inequity since it is impossible to apply consistent requirements to all of the responses. Creating assessments is a challenging task that involves optimizing parameters while adhering to several limitations. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been enhanced to address the issues of speed and low paper quality in intelligent test paper development. Educational management at universities has been the suggested approach for IEMS-GA to facilitate smarter education, test and course management, promote the improvement of ideas related to school administration, and provide a more equal system of evaluation. Students rely on exams as a means of gauging their own academic strengths and weaknesses. Students’ test scores provide valuable information about their academic strengths and areas for improvement, allowing them to better plan for the future and attain their academic goals. Results are an important part of the educational process as they reveal a great deal about the way students are doing in class. Knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in the real world are evaluated by such assessments.
Research on Personalized Ideological and Political Education Content Distribution System Based on Intelligent Algorithms
Authors: Huang Peng
Published: November 2024

The creation of a personalized ideological and political education resource suggestion system has significant practical implications for boosting the efficiency of ideological and political education. Many challenges are preventing ideological and political education from progressing smoothly in the online environment, and the mainstream values of education are being affected as an effect. The educational model is reversed, there is a single way to communicate, and the educational content is solidified. It constructs a personalized recommendation user model for educational resources, and then builds a recommendation collaborative filtering algorithm using Data Mining (DM), that produces personalized suggestion of ideological and political education resources, improving the Collaborative Filtering Algorithm (CFA) allows for personalized recommendations of teaching materials for ideological and political education. As a result, DM-CFA has become a tool for education professionals can gain a better understanding of the learning and life characteristics of current college students through the collaborative operate of ideological and political education entities in the network environment, that likewise offers a diverse range of educational materials and varieties. As a result of the curriculum’s ideological function in mounding students’ brains, the ruling class’s history, gender, religion and nationality develop in society. Developing various learning channels for pupils can increase their interest for ideological and political research and help students grow holistically.
When and How Bifurcations and Chaos of Multidimensional Maps Can Be Reconstructed from That of 1D Endomorphism
Authors: Belykh V. N.
Published: November 2024

In a recent paper [ Belykh et al. ,  2024 ], we proved that the bifurcation structure of a quadratic noninvertible map persists when the parameter increases from zero and the map turns into an invertible multidimensional Henon map. In this paper, we consider a similar problem for a generalized map which combines the Henon-type maps, the Poincaré return map for Shilnikov bifurcation of saddle-focus homoclinic orbit, the Lurie discrete time system, etc. We have obtained the expected result about the persistence of periodic orbits and their bifurcations when passing from a One-Dimensional (1D) endomorphism to the generalized map as a small parameter becomes nonzero. We have revealed the precise mechanism of change of homoclinic orbits and splitting of unstable manifolds as a result of the transition of 1D endomorphism to multidimensional map. Thereby we have derived the reconstruction rules of nonwandering set of orbits and bifurcations of the generalized map from those of 1D endomorphism.
DIELECTRIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND PYROELECTRIC DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF AN ASYMMETRIC FERROELECTRIC THIN FILM
Authors: CUI LIAN
Published: November 2024

Making use of the Landau-Khalatnikov dynamic equation, the dynamic behavior of dielectric susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient of an asymmetric ferroelectric thin film described by a third power of polarization which stems from a surface transition layer has been studied for the first time. The influence of the surface transition layer, thickness of thin film, and frequency of electric field on susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient of the system have been discussed. Our numerical data show that the surface transition layer makes the polarization distribution inhomogeneous and asymmetric. It is interesting to discover that the curves for susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient vs electric field of this system present three asymmetrical peaks, which is different from the case of two same surface transition layers exhibiting two symmetric peaks. Moreover, on the negative electric field side, the outer peak of susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient rises, while the inside peak drops with decreasing the size of system. As the frequency of the electric field increases, the three peaks of susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient decrease and stretch out horizontally.
A threshold multi-verifier quantum signature scheme based on localizable distinguishability of GHZ states
Authors: Wei Xing Jia , Li Zhi Hui , Zhou Na , Rui Li Jie
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we propose a new quantum signature protocol with identity-based threshold multiple verifiers. In this protocol, first, the signature process combines the HMAC hash function with the participant identity to realize the compression encryption of the signature message, at the same time, the signature particles are encoded and generated by selecting the 3-particle GHZ state of the [Formula: see text] spatially localizable distinguished (LOCC), which avoids the complex entanglement operation and effectively improves the signature efficiency; second, it takes at least t verifying members of the set of valid verifications specified by the signer to verify the validity of the final signature, which increases the utility of the signature protocol in multi-verification scenarios; finally, the security analysis shows that the proposed threshold multiparty verifiable quantum signature protocol scheme can resist entanglement measurement attacks, intercept retransmission attacks, and at the same time be unforgeable, nonrepudiable, and traceable. Most importantly, the protocol does not require Quantum One-Way Function (QOWF), Quantum State Swap Test (SWAP), and has no complex entanglement operations. Therefore, the proposed scheme is more efficient than similar multiparty signature protocols.
The Kernel and Trace Approach to Congruences on Completely Regular Semirings
Authors: Xian Xuliang , Shao Yong
Published: November 2024

On completely regular semirings, we give alternative characterizations for the kernel of a congruence and idempotent pure congruences. Then we give alternative characterizations for the trace of a congruence and idempotent separating congruences. In addition, we conclude that a congruence is uniquely determined by its kernel and trace.
Modular Representations and Coinvariants of the Dihedral Group
Authors: Chen Haixian , Nan Jizhu
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we completely classify a finite number of inequivalent indecomposable modular representations of the dihedral group [Formula: see text] in characteristic [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and determine that there exists a summand of the group algebra which is not a summand of the rings of coinvariants of these representations.
Sumudu residual power series method to solve time-fractional Fisher’s equation
Authors: Pant Rajendra , Arora Geeta , Emadifar Homan , Hamoud Ahmed A.
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the one-dimensional nonlinear temporal fractional-order Fisher’s equation is solved by using the Sumudu residual power series method (SRPSM), a powerful computing technique. This method combines the RPSM and Sumudu transform to provide approximations of solutions using the notion of limit, in contrast to the standard residual power series method, which necessitates computing fractional derivatives. With reference to the equation under consideration, this work compares and validates the solution obtained by using the considered method. The applicability, effectiveness, and dependability of the provided strategy were confirmed through the analysis of this equation and numerical simulations.
Source rock evaluation and source rock–hydrocarbon correlation in the Croatian part of Pannonian Basin System
Authors: Troskot-Čorbić Tamara , Krizmanić Krešimir , Takač Damir
Published: November 2024

The Croatian part of the Pannonian Basin System is located on its southern edge. It comprises the Hrvatsko Zagorje Basin and the North Croatian Basin, further divided into basins and subbasins traditionally termed depressions and subdepressions: the Mura, Hrvatsko Zagorje, Sava, Drava and Slavonija–Srijem Basin. All basins, except for the Hrvatsko Zagorje Subbasin, host a significant number of oil and gas production fields. Organic-rich source rocks with varying maturities are distributed throughout these basins. The primary source rocks in the Drava and Sava basins are Badenian and Pannonian marls and calcite-rich marls. In the Sava Basin, these source rocks are within the oil window. In the eastern and southern parts of the Drava Basin, the source rocks are either immature or within the oil window, while in the western and central parts they are within the gas window. The main source rocks of the Mura Basin are Eggenburgian marls and shales, which are within the gas window. The geochemical analyses presented in this paper, including biomarker fingerprinting and stable carbon isotope ratios, confirm a strong correlation between the oils and their source rocks throughout the Croatian part of the Pannonian Basin System.
US of Acute Tendon Tears
Authors: Billone Lisa M. , Allred Sarah J. , Flores Dyan V.
Published: November 2024

US is an effective tool for appraising acute tendon injury, allowing rapid bedside evaluation of symptoms and paving the way for prompt diagnosis and treatment selection, and it is important to understand the anatomic landmarks, US techniques, and imaging findings.
Tick Tock—A Matter of Time: Two Cases of Babesia Acquired in Urban Newark, NJ
Authors: Caceda Jorge A. , Iqbal Afshan , Bono Kristy , Finkel Diana , Goshorn Eli
Published: November 2024

Babesiosis is a parasitic tick‐borne infectious disease that is well elucidated in medical literature and known to be endemic to the Midwest and northeast United States. However, like other infectious diseases, its epidemiology is subject to change. This case report documents two cases with clinical presentations that deviate from what is expected in typical cases of Babesiosis. Two patients presented to a safety‐net hospital in Newark, NJ, during the summer of 2022 with nonspecific symptoms. The first patient had a history of polysubstance use disorder and presented with bilateral leg pain, drowsiness, exertional dyspnea, back pain, and chest pain. The second patient had recently returned from a trip to Guatemala and presented with subjective fevers, generalized myalgias, malaise, headaches, and chills. Both patients underwent similar workups yielding a diagnosis of Babesiosis. Of note, neither patient had recently spent time in wooded areas. Ultimately, both patients were treated for Babesiosis with resolution of their presenting symptoms. These two cases suggest that the epidemiology of Babesiosis is changing and provide a clinical workflow for diagnosing and managing this disease in a modern healthcare setting.
A Misdiagnosis of Brucellosis Leads to Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Complicated by Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Arian Mahnaz , Tajik Ali , Tashnizi Mohammad Abbasi , Alizada Abdul Rahman
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular complications of Brucellosis are not common and affecting less than 2% of cases. In clinical practice, endocarditis is the most frequent cardiovascular complication and is responsible for most of the brucellosis‐related mortality cases and usually diagnosed lately in the course of the disease with mostly aorta valve involvement. In this case report, we present the case of a 27‐year‐old woman who was admitted to the hospital with fever, sudden onset right side hemiparesis, and horizontal gaze palsy. During the stroke work up, she underwent cardiac evaluation, including echocardiography with susceptibility to septic emboli with cardiac origin, and the result indicates presence of vegetations on prosthetic aortic valve suggestive of infective endocarditis. Hopefully our patient responded well to combination of heart surgery and antibrucellosis regimen and was finally discharged with stable general condition. It is important to raise awareness of this rare but potentially serious complication of brucellosis, especially in the endemic area, and to emphasize the value of early diagnosis and treatment.
A Case of Undiagnosed Placenta Increta Originating From a Demised Twin in the Second Trimester
Authors: Grandelis Anthony , Emont Jordan , Arditi Brittany , Breslin Noelle , Pua Tarah
Published: November 2024

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) presents a significant risk of maternal morbidity and mortality, in large part due to the potential for massive hemorrhage at time of delivery. Recently, multiple gestations have been shown to be an independent risk factor for PAS, especially in the setting of other major risk factors. Importantly, antenatal detection of PAS in twin pregnancies has been shown to be suboptimal when compared to singleton pregnancies. Here, we present a case of postpartum hemorrhage and unplanned cesarean hysterectomy due to an undiagnosed placenta increta, which originated from the placenta of a demised twin in the second trimester. This case underscores the importance of thorough prenatal monitoring and evaluation for PAS, especially in multifetal gestations with additional risk factors. It also highlights the need for heightened awareness among healthcare providers to mitigate risks associated with PAS in twin pregnancies. Early detection and multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial in optimizing outcomes for both mothers and infants in such complex obstetric scenarios.
The Long‐Term Progression of Aneurysmal Disease in Common Iliac Arteries After Standard EVAR and Its Clinical Implications
Authors: Pitoulias Apostolos G. , Chatzelas Dimitrios , Pitoulias Matthaios G. , Politi Loukia A. , Christopoulos Dimitrios C. , Lazaridis Ioannis , Saratzis Nikolaos , Pitoulias Georgios A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The progression of aneurysmal disease in the common iliac arteries (CIAs) after EVAR remains an insufficiently investigated field. The purpose of this study is to investigate the long‐term outcomes of standard elective EVAR with a variety of last‐generation bifurcated aortic endografts in relation with the progression of aneurysmal disease in the CIAs.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 168 patients, who were treated with six different endografts between 2013 and 2018 and completed the 5‐year computed tomography aortoangiography (CTA) follow‐up. Postoperative CTA analysis included CIA measurements at four diameters’ points and two length levels in three postoperative time spots: first, 24th, and 60th months. All EVAR‐related adverse events were recorded, including migrations, endoleaks, limb occlusions, reinterventions, ruptures, and mortality.

Results: At both time intervals, a significant and nearly linear dilatation and elongation of CIAs was evident. The mean percent increase, among all diameter points measured, was 11.7% at 24 months and 22.8% at 60 months (p < 0.001) with a nearly constant mean increase rate by 0.07 mm per month. The corresponding monthly elongation rate of total CIA length was 0.26 mm at 24 months and 0.34 mm at 5 years (p < 0.001). The respective monthly lengthening of CIAs’ uncovered (from stent graft) segment was 0.10 and 0.15 mm, and the overall increase rate at 60 months was up to 53.9% (p < 0.001). A total of 20 EVAR‐related events were recorded, and multivariate analysis revealed that CIA dilatation served as a significant and independent predictor of long‐term EVAR failures, increasing the likelihood of adverse events by 2.8‐fold.

Conclusions: Analysis of long‐term geometric CIA remodeling after a standard EVAR revealed a significant progression of aneurysmal disease in CIAs, which was associated with worsening EVAR outcomes and emphasizes the importance of a rigorous and extensive follow‐up protocol to maintain the long‐term EVAR effectiveness.
The Effectiveness of Levamisole and Broccoli in Lead Poisoning: Hematobiochemical Changes and Tissue Damage in the Liver, Kidney, and Spleen of Wistar Rats
Authors: Shahbazi Kimia , Raeeszadeh Mahdieh , Akradi Loghman
Published: November 2024

Lead, a heavy metal, has emerged as one of the most significant pollutants, bearing irreversible consequences on human and animal health in conjunction with industrial development. Presently, the use of medicinal plants to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metal toxicity has captured the attention of researchers. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of levamisole and broccoli extract on the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins, hematological parameters, and histopathological alterations in the liver, kidney, and spleen tissues within a lead poisoning model of rats. This experimental investigation spanned 28 days, involving 42 male Wistar rats categorized into seven groups: a control group, a lead acetate (AL) group administered at 1000 ppm in drinking water, a broccoli (B) group at 300 mg/kg/day, a levamisole (LE) group at 2.5 mg/kg/day, and combination groups of lead and broccoli (AL + B), lead and levamisole (AL + LE), and lead, broccoli, and levamisole (AL + LE + B). Upon completion of the study, hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed, and serum protein concentrations were analyzed using electrophoresis. Liver, kidney, and spleen tissues were fixed and subjected to histopathological examination with H&E staining. The findings indicated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the AL group compared to other groups (p < 0.01). Conversely, the B group exhibited a notable increase in RBC and WBC compared to the AL group (p < 0.05). The most pronounced lead‐induced damage was observed in the liver, resulting in elevated levels of specific enzymes such as AST and ALT in the AL group, accompanied by a decline in albumin and total protein (p < 0.001). A reduction in globulin levels, including Beta‐2 globulin, was noted in the AL + B and AL + LE groups compared to the AL group (p < 0.001,  p < 0.05). Histopathological findings also unveiled increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and hemorrhage in the liver tissue, followed by the spleen, significantly higher in the AL group compared to other experimental groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, congestion and inflammation were evident in the spleen tissue compared to other groups. These tissue damages were mitigated in other combination treatment groups. Based on the aforementioned results, the combination of broccoli and levamisole is deemed effective in ameliorating liver and spleen injuries caused by lead and enhancing biochemical parameters and serum proteins.