bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of directive and achievement oriented path-goal leadership styles on employee performance of coffee trading companies in Kenya
Authors: Rana Rozmina , K'Aol George , Kirubi Michael
Published: October 2019

The study sought to examine the extent to which directive and achievement-oriented path-goal leadership styles influence employee performance of coffee trading companies in Kenya. The positivism philosophy was adopted and the design used was a descriptive correlational research design. The population for the study was 180 senior managers of coffee trading companies in Kenya. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The descriptive statistics were mean and standard deviation while the inferential statistical analysis included correlational analysis, chi-square and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that directive leadership style negatively and significantly predict employee performance, R2= 0.035, F(1, 114) = 4.141,  p? .05, ? = -0.153, p? .05. Multiple linear regression analysis further revealed that achievement-oriented leadership style positively and significantly predicted employee performance, R2= 0.161, F(1, 116) = 20.686, p ?. .05, ? = 0.391, p? .05. The study provided a unique contribution to the theory and practice of leadership by contributing to knowledge in the application of Path-goal leadership styles in coffee trading companies. The study findings led to the conclusion that the use of a directive leadership style in coffee trading companies can adversely affect performance and leaders should exercise caution if they have to use this style.
Influence of Inspirational Motivation on Employee Job Performance in the Insurance Industry in Kenya
Authors: Langat Geoffrey Kipkirui , Linge Teresia K , Sikalieh Damary
Published: October 2019

This study had two research questions as follows: What is the influence of inspirational motivation on employee job performance? To what extent does employee work value congruence moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance? This study adopted the positivism research philosophy and correlation research design. The target population of the study was 676 lower-level managers from 52 insurance companies operating in Kenya as of 2017. A sample size of 245 was drawn using a stratified random sampling technique and systematic sampling. 245 questionnaires were distributed out of which 211 were completed and returned representing a response rate of 86% which was deemed as adequate for a correlation research design. The analysis of variance was used to test the hypothesis. The study concluded that inspirational motivation significantly predicted employee job performance. In addition, it was deduced that employee work value congruence had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance among lower-level managers in the insurance sector in Kenya. The study recommended that employees should tailor their values to fit into the culture and values of the organization for the organization to profit from transformational leadership.
Differentiation strategy, firm structure and performance of star rated hotels
Authors: Njuguna Jane Nyokabi , Namada Juliana , Muchara Maina
Published: October 2019

It is estimated that emerging economies will get over 1 billion international tourists by the year 2030. Strategic management researchers have severally recommended credible research in the area of strategy-structure coalignment in the hospitality industry. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of differentiation strategy-firm structure coalignment on performance of star rated hotels in Kenya. This study adopted positivism research philosophy and a descriptive-correlative research design. The population consisted of general managers and functional managers from Kenya’s three, four and five star rated vacation and town hotels as at 2018. Multi-stage sampling that included proportionate stratified sampling and simple random sampling was used. 267 hotel managers were sampled out of which 253 managers responded. The extent to which the hotels were pursuing differentiation strategy was measured by an analysis of the responses to the multi-item Likert scale questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used for hypothesis testing. The study concluded that differentiation strategy-firm structure coalignment has no significant influence on performance of star rated hotels in Kenya. The study however revealed that differentiation strategy directly and positively affects hotel performance. This study recommends hotel managers to pursue a differentiation strategy that sets their hotel apart from others as this has direct positive effects on the performance of hotels.
Effect of Audit Committee Independence on the Financial Performance of Insurance Firms in Kenya
Authors: Ibrahim Hassan Bashir , Ouma Caren , Koshal Jeremiah O.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of audit committee independence (ACI) on the financial performance of insurance firms in Kenya. The study analyzed data from the 55 insurance firms licensed by the Insurance Regularity Authority (IRA) in Kenya. ACI was operationalized by the number of independent directors serving in the boards of insurance firms operating in Kenya. Primary data was collected from a sample of 412 board directors, Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), Chief Finance Officers (CFOs), Audit Committee members (AUDIND) and Internal Auditors (INAUD) using a questionnaire instrument while secondary data was retrieved from audited financial reports of year 2017. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Firm performance was measured by the two accounting-based measures Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). The findings from the regression analysis indicate that audit committee independence significantly and positively affects the financial performance of insurance firms in Kenya.
Effect of infrastructure development in the program of simultaneous movement for village development on economic growth
Authors: Effendi Irwan , Yandi Leni Sepri , Listiana Indah
Published: October 2019

The Regency of Tulang Bawang develops a program called Simultaneous Movement for Village Development (Gerakan Serentak Membangun Kampung), that is a movement carried out by, from, and for the community of Tulang Bawang to do the right thing together in an effort to accelerate the development of village infrastructure for economic development of village community. Infrastructure limitation leads to the high poverty rate in rural areas. The study of Simultaneous Movement for Village Development Program or Gerakan Serentak Membangun Kampung (GSMK) aims to assess the effect of Direct Cash Transfer for Community (BLM, Dana Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat), and community initiative in GSMK Program on the economic growth of the community in Tulang Bawang Regency. The type of research applied was quantitative research using multiple regression analysis. This study was conducted using secondary data in 2011-2016 sourced from Lampung dalam angka, the result of previous studies, and other supporting data. Moreover, the data required in this study included the total amount of BLM and community initiative in the GSMK Program conducted in Tulang Bawang Regency, and community initiative. The study conducted in Tulang Bawang Regency showed that: (1) There was significant correlation between Direct Cas Transfer for Community and Community Initiative on Economic Growth Rate of Community; (2) Direct Cash Transfer for Community significantly affected the Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB)at confidence level of 99%, and(3) Community Initiative did not significantly affect economic growth rate of community since confidence level only reached a value of 11.5%.
Government’s role as moderator in relationship of porter’s diamond factor conditions and firm’s performance
Authors: Butt Muhammad Ahmed , Katuse Paul , Namada Juliana
Published: October 2019

The study's purpose was to investigate through empirical research the moderating role of government in the relationship of porter diamond factor conditions attribute and firm’s performance in the automotive industry of Pakistan. The research methodology used positivism philosophy, a pilot study carried out to determine the reliability and validity of the instrument. The descriptive and inferential statistics constituted an integral part of statistical analysis. 194 samples selected through random sampling, a self-administered questionnaire was served to them, 166 responses received and studied. For moderation macro, PROCESS v3.0 (model 1) used to test the hypothesis. The findings of the study indicate the absence of such a study in the auto industry of Pakistan. Government policy influenced the firm’s performance in the automotive industry. Government policy did not play a moderating role in the relationship of porter diamond factor conditions determinant and firm’s performance. Theoretical implications reflect that the government's role as a moderator between the relationship of porter diamond factor conditions and the firm’s performance remained not significant. Practical implications indicate that government policy has influence over the firm’s performance, nonetheless, government policy’s mediating role between porter’s diamond factor conditions and firm’s performance have no effect. Moderation results provided a theoretical and practical context for academia, industry players, and policymakers
Ranking of US macroeconomic news impacting WTI crude oil volatility risk
Authors: Faseli Omid
Published: October 2019

This study had the purpose to investigate the impact of 38 scheduled major United States (US) macroeconomic news on WTI crude oil intraday volatility for the period 2012-2018. It was the aim to provide a news ranking that indicates upcoming high volatility episodes at a specific point in time. The West Texas Intermediate (WTI) light crude oil represents a benchmark since it has a signal effect on market players. High crude oil price volatility is a measure of risk and known to increase inflation, to affect producers, consumers, and investors and to destabilize economic growth. In this research approach one-minute high-frequency bid close prices provided the basis for a 1h window rolling standard deviation. Data modeling was performed using simple and multiple robust ordinary least squares (OLS) regression performed with programming language Python. The model successfully identified 21 significant news announcements in both, the simple and multiple regression models, however, simple OLS-regression appears to be more sensitive. It also provided a ranking of US news impacting WTI volatility risk. The results support the prediction of approaching high price volatility and thus, display an opportunity for market participants and decision-makers to minimize risk.
Risk and behavior analysis rice farmers in Southern Lampung district
Authors: Zakaria Wan abbas , Mas Indah Lidya Sari
Published: October 2019

This study aims to: (1) analyze the risk of production, price, and income of technical irrigated rice fields and rainfed rice field in South Lampung regency, 2) to analyze farmer behavior against rice farming risk on the technical irrigated rice field and rainfed rice field. The research was conducted in August - September 2016 in Kecamatan Palas, rice production center in South Lampung. The sample of farmers consist of 23 technical irrigated rice field farmers, and 37 rainfed rice field farmers, taken proportionally by random sampling method .Data were analyzed quantitatively including Coefficient of variation analysis, Bernoulli Theory, and  Neuman Morgenstern The results show: (1) the risk of production, price, and income faced by rice farmers on technical irrigated rice field is lower than from rainfed; (2) most rice farmers behave neutrally to the risk, on technical irrigated rice fieldvalued78,26 percent and in rainfed rice field valued 81.08  percent. No farmers were found to be brave at risk either on technical irrigated rice fields or on the rain fed rice field.
Labor market and management of gender based decision making
Authors: Bellaqa Bashkim , Shala Xhavit , Bellaqa Dea
Published: October 2019

Improving gender equality in decision-making is a very important issue in a country's economic development. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the level of central level decision making and the alignment of the labor market at Kosovo level on gender basis. Also, this paper presents a theoretical focus on the role of decision making for a better service and the possible management of gender equality counseling programs in the economic, political and social spheres. Kosovo continues to face challenges as well as a marked disparity in women's disadvantage in regards to managing the gender-based decision-making process at both the central and the local level. Although there are laws that stimulate gender equality, the position of women in decision-making in public life in terms of contributing to economic, political and social development endeavors are lacking their increase in participation and decision-making at both central and local levels.
Role of servant leadership on quality of work life (QWL) and work conflict with adversity quotient as mediator
Authors: Merdiaty Netty , Aldrin Neil , Runtu Delon Y N
Published: October 2019

This study aims to examine the role of servant leadership by using an adversity quotient mediator on workplace conflict and quality of work life. The study uses a quantitative approach using 332 respondents and uses path analysis using the AMOS version 24 program. There are five hypotheses proposed in this study. The results of this study indicate that the role of AQ mediators plays a good role in one of the variables, where the other variables do not really need the role of AQ mediators.
How a leader’s status distance stimulates employee job performance
Authors: Irangani Sagarika , Liu Zhiqiang , Sampath Sanjeewa Weedige
Published: October 2019

Status is an important circumstance for  People’s subjective “well-being, self-esteem, and mental and physical health”. The paper aimed to test how leader status stimulates the quality of employee job performance in the organization. We argue that in spite of the benefits of having low-status distance who be faced with a comparable loss of status individuals experience more “self-threat” and hence status is threatened tend to engage in disruptive behavior to deliberately inflicts others through actions such as disapproving and acting unkindly. consequently, when the leader -Team member relationship is worse less perception of leader provided less performance of team members and relatively more perception offered to better performance of employees. We investigated these assumptions involving 240 employees (N = 240). Our findings help to explain why leaders sometimes challenge others who present an immediate threat to their status. As such, we extend theorizing on the power distance, organizational bureaucracy, and leader-member exchange. Results from survey study show a curvilinear relationship between status distance and team member job performance, these detectings offer an empirical basis and theoretical inspiration to consider status distance as a critical variable in the possessions of status differences on interpersonal dynamics. Importantly, this work also offers an applicable and timely viewpoint for managers debating the cost and benefits of various hierarchical alignment in organizations.
Interplay of relational governance, task conflict, opportunism and their effect on the performance of projects.
Authors: Rehan Jawad Talha , Xuefeng Zhao , Mansoor Rafiq
Published: October 2019

Practitioners and academics have been perplexed over the years by low efficiency and bad performance in construction projects. Several critical factors have been uncovered by previous studies which are governance mechanism, task conflict and opportunism. But an obvious question arises how the mechanism of governance in the presence of conflict can mitigate opportunism. The overarching objective of this study is therefore to create a model to study the effectiveness of these mechanisms of governance in the presence of task conflict. This paper is based on a positivist study philosophy in which a quantitative deductive method was used to collect data from 139 participants. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) through SmartPLS3.The research findings show that relational governance affects project efficiency considerably and is helpful in decreasing opportunism and conflict. In addition, there is proof that opportunistic behavior will increase the task conflict among parties but both task conflict and opportunism doesn’t have direct impact on the performance of project
Macroeconomic determinants of total factor productivity and its trend in Ethiopia
Authors: Degu Adisu Abebaw , Bekele Dagim Tadesse
Published: October 2019

Total factor productivity (TFP) as a source of economic growth, has been recognized in economic theory for a long period of time. In this research we tried to examine the effect of some macroeconomic factors, which include trade openness, inflation, government expenditure, credit extended and foreign direct investment, and natural disaster drought on total factor productivity and its trend in Ethiopia by using Time series data spanning from 1991 to 2018.  The TFP was computed by using the growth accounting method from Cobb–Douglas production function.  ARDL was used for estimation of the short and long run econometric model.  Accordingly, the trend analysis shows the growth in TFP has been fluctuating over the study period. The result from ARDL indicated that; in long run foreign direct investment, government expenditure and drought negatively and significantly affect TFP. Credit extended is found to affect TFP positively and significantly, while inflation and trade openness are insignificant. Therefore, policies such as; subsidizing domestic firms, effective government spending and making the agriculture sector drought resistant need to be stimulated.
MARKALARIN EMOJİ KULLANIMINA YÖNELİK BİREYLERİN TUTUMLARI: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: BÜYÜKER İŞLER Didar , DEMİR Nisan Gül
Published: October 2019

Teknolojinin iletişim biçimlerini etkilemesi ve yeni neslin özellikle sosyal medya platformlarında ve mesajlaşma esnasında emoji kullanımını arttırması, pazarlama iletişiminde dikkate alınması gereken bir enstrüman olarak emojileri karşımıza çıkartmaktadır. Böylelikle emojiler sadece yazılı iletişimde kullanılmayıp, reklam, ambalaj, marka gibi pazarlama iletişimi unsurlarında da kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında gençlerin emoji kullanımına yönelik tutumlarını ve markalarında emoji kullanan işletmelere ilişkin algılamaları arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkartılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma amacına ulaşmak için Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF İşletme bölümünde eğitim gören 332öğrenciye anket yapılmış ve elde edilen verilere istatistiksel analiz yöntemlerinden frekans, güvenirlilik, faktör, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmış, ileri sürülen hipotezler analiz edilmiş, bulgular değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, katılımcıların emoji kullanımının yüksek düzeyde olduğu, emoji kullanımına yönelik sahip olunan tutumların, markalarda emoji kullanımına yönelik algılamalar ile ilişkili olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca emoji kullanan markalara yönelik tutum ölçeği (Çevikyiğit, 2017) inandırıcı/uyarıcı, rahatsız edici iki boyut olarak belirlenmiş ve emoji kullanımının, inandırıcı/uyarıcı boyutunu pozitif; rahatsız edici boyutunu negatif olarak etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır.
HASTANE MOBİL UYGULAMALARINDA KULLANICI YORUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AKBOLAT Mahmut , YILDIRIM Yonca , AMARAT Mustafa
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Google Play Store ve Apple Store uygulama mağazalarında yer alan hastane mobil sağlık uygulamalarının içeriklerinin incelenip, kullanıcılar tarafından yapılan yorumlarının değerlendirilerek mobil sağlık uygulamaların hangi amaçlarla kullanıldığı ve kullanım sırasında yaşanan sorunların ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada Google Play Store ve Apple Store uygulama mağazalarında 5.000 ve üzeri indirme sayısına sahip 2 özel, 3 kamu hastanesine ait mobil sağlık uygulamalarına 2016-2018 yılları arasında yapılan yorumlar veri olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi, Nvivo 12 nitel veri analizi programı aracılığıyla içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan temalar; randevu, sağlık kayıtları, erişim, fayda sağlama, kullanılabilirlik, güvenliktir. Sonuç olarak; hastane mobil uygulamalarının randevu alımında, laboratuvar ve muayene sonuçlarına erişimde, kişisel sağlık durumlarını kontrol etmede kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Randevu alımında doktor seçilmemesi, ilgili bölümün seçilememesi, randevu iptalinin yapılamaması gibi sorunlarla karşılaşıldığı, laboratuvar ve muayene sonuçlarında pdf dosya olarak kaydetme konusunda problemler yaşandığı, raporların bazen görüntülenemediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
KAMU SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYE DÜZEYLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KOÇ Ahmet Düha , KEKLİK Belma
Published: October 2019

Pozitif psikolojik sermaye; ‘bugünün işyerinde performans iyileştirmesi için ölçülebilen, geliştirilebilen ve etkin bir şekilde yönetilebilen pozitif yönelimli insan kaynakları güçleri ve psikolojik kapasitelerinin incelenmesi ve uygulanması’ olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Örgütlerde, performansı iyileştirmek için geliştirilebilir ve yönetilebilir bireysel özellikler ve pozitif kapasiteler üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kamu hastanelerinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının, mevcut pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve demografik özelliklere (cinsiyet, medeni durum, yaş, hizmet yılı, unvan, eğitim durumu) göre, pozitif psikolojik sermaye alt boyutlarının anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Tokat ili merkezinde ve ilçelerinde bulunan 9 adet devlet hastanesinde anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiş olup, 520 adet anket formu değerlendirme kapsamına girmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, tüm alt boyutlar (öz-yeterlilik, umut, iyimserlik, dayanıklılık) düzeyinde pozitif psikolojik sermayelerinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre öz-yeterlilik, umut, iyimserlik, dayanıklılık; yaş değişkenine göre öz-yeterlilik; hizmet süresi değişkenine göre umut, iyimserlik, dayanıklılığın anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan, medeni durum, unvan ve eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre, pozitif psikolojik sermaye alt boyutlarının anlamlı farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KIRSAL KALKINMA İÇİN KÖYDEN KENTE GÖÇÜN ÖNLENMESİNDE ETKİLİ UNSURLARIN SAPTANMASI VE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Lütfiye , POLAT Orhan
Published: October 2019

Günümüz Türkiye’sinde, küresel düzeyde meydana gelen hızlı teknolojik değişme ve gelişmelerle birlikte kırsal alanlardan kentlere olan göçler de artmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir kırsal kalkınma (SKK), nüfusu 20 binden az olan yerleşim yerlerinde gelecek nesillerin ihtiyaçlarını geçmiş nesilden şikâyet etmeyecek şekilde karşılayabilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Sürdürülebilir kırsal kalkınma için köyden kente göçün önlenmesi ve kırsal alanlarda çalışma, üretim, pazarlama ve yaşam şansının sunulması önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, köyden kente göçün nedenlerinin araştırılması, gerekli önlemlerin alınabilmesi ve SKK için önerilerde bulunabilmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla araştırma Türkiye’de İç Anadolu, Karadeniz, Ege, Marmara, Akdeniz ve Doğu Anadolu Bölgeleri’nden seçilmiş köylerde çiftçilerle yüzyüze anketlerle uygulanmış ve hâlihazırda 141 anket toplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda 0,785 değer aldığı saptanan ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha’sının oldukça güvenilir olduğu bulunmuştur. Faktör analizi sonucunda göçlerin nedenleri: 1) Eğitim kaynaklı göçler ve 2) Fiziksel altyapıya dayalı göçler olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu sorunlar üzerinde etkili olabileceği düşünülen çok sayıda bağımsız değişken analize dâhil edilerek çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak hem eğitim kaynaklı göçler hem de fiziksel altyapıya dayalı göçler üzerinde başta demografik nitelikler olmak üzere pekçok unsurun etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
BULANIK ANALİTİK HİYERARŞİ PROSESİ YÖNTEMİ İLE YEM SEÇİMİ
Authors: ORUÇ Kenan Oğuzhan , ÇOLAK Merve
Published: October 2019

Her dönemin başlıca sorunlarından olan karar verme, içinde bulunduğumuz dönemde de seçeneklerin ve belirleyici faktörlerin artmasıyla daha da karmaşık bir hale gelmiştir. Karar verici konumundaki kişilerin etkin kararlar verebilmesi ve problemlere kalıcı çözümler bulabilmesi için matematiksel yöntemlerin kullanılması kaçınılmaz bir durum halini almıştır. Bununla birlikte sözel verilerin kullanımından kaynaklanan bulanıklık ve belirsizlik ortamında karar verme zorunluluğu Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleriyle, bulanık mantık prensiplerinin entegre bir şekilde kullanılmasının ve hibrit modeller oluşturulmasının önünü açmıştır. Bu çalışmada Konya ilinde faaliyet gösteren büyükbaş hayvan yetiştiricilerinin yem seçim problemi Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (BAHP) yöntemi kullanılarak çözülmüştür. 4 ayrı yem markası 5 ana kriter ve 21 alt kriter kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve Proyem %32, CP %29, New Hope %21, Birinci Yem %18 ağırlığa ulaşmıştır.
2024 AVRUPA FUTBOL ŞAMPİYONASI EV SAHİPLİĞİ ADAYLIKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ALMANYA VE TÜRKİYE KARŞILAŞTIRMASI
Authors: BATUHAN Tuna
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, en prestijli uluslararası futbol organizasyonlarından birisi olan Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası’na 2024 yılında ev sahipliği yapmak için aday olan iki ülke Türkiye ve Almanya’nın adaylık dosyaları UEFA değerlendirme kriterleri kapsamında ülkelerin vizyonu, stadyumlar, konaklama ve antrenman alanlarının durumu,  ulaşım olanakları, taraftar bölgeleri ve diğer ana başlıklarda incelenmiştir ve ayrıntılı olarak analiz edilmiştir. UEFA nezdinde Türkiye’nin adaylığı genel olarak olumlu görülse de, Türkiye’nin uluslararası erişilebilirliğinin havayoluyla ve birkaç havaalanıyla sınırlı olması ve ulaşım altyapısının genel anlamda yetersiz bulunması; birçok aday şehirde otel kapasitesinin ve sosyal altyapının yetersiz görülmesi Türkiye’nin adaylığını zayıflatmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin aday şehirlerinin organizasyon tecrübesinin sınırlı olması; insan hakları alanında bir faaliyet planının bulunmaması ve güncel ekonomik gelişmelerin 2024 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası için planlanan kamu yatırımlarını riske atabileceği endişesi de Türkiye’nin adaylığının olumsuz yönleri olarak sıralanabilir. Almanya’nın ise, mevcut ulaşım altyapısının, konaklama ve antrenman imkanlarının beklentilerin üzerinde olması; aday şehirlerinin sosyal altyapının ve organizasyon tecrübesinin üst seviyede olması ve en önemlisi sırf Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası için yeni yatırımlar yapılmasının planlanmaması önemli artılar olarak görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Almanya UEFA açısından daha güvenli bir seçenek olarak görülmüş ve adaylığı kazanmıştır. UEFA’nın oylama sonrasında verdiği kararın, Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası’nın marka değerini korumak, sponsorluk ve reklam gelirlerini riske atmamak yönünde olduğu söylenebilir.
BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİNDE ÇALIŞAN HEKİM VE HEMŞİRELERE YÖNELİK ŞİDDETİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÜZÜMCÜ Fatma , OKSAY Aygen
Published: October 2019

Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddetin her geçen gün arttığı bilinen bir gerçektir. Bu araştırmada hekim ve hemşirelere yönelik sözel ve fiziksel şiddet sıklığı, şiddet algısına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve sağlık çalışanlarının bu konudaki görüşleri incelenerek çözüm önerileri sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın hedef kitlesini üniversite hastanesinin ameliyathane, servis ve polikliniklerde görev yapan hekim ve hemşireler oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak tasarlanan anket formunda demografik özellikler, sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik sözel ve fiziksel şiddet sıklığı ile ilgili ifadeler ve sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik sözel ve fiziksel şiddet algısına yönelik 30 adet ifade yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmada sağlık çalışanlarının şiddete maruz kalma sıklığı % 70, sözel şiddete maruz kalma sıklığı % 81, fiziksel şiddete maruz kalma sıklığı % 17 ve fiziksel şiddete tanık olma sıklığı ise % 55 olarak saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların sözlü şiddete maruz kalma durumunun sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet algısı üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre cinsiyetin, kadro durumunun, mesleki kıdem derecesinin ve bölümdeki çalışma süresinin sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet algısı üzerinde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
FABRİKA YÖNETİMİ BİLGİSİ BAĞLAMINDA TÜRKİYE’DE YAYIMLANAN “FABRİKACILIK” KONULU KİTAPLAR ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME (1914-1928)
Authors: ÖZKUL Ahmet Sait , ÇAKIREL Yasin
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de fabrika yönetimi bilgisinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamak amacıyla; “Fabrikacı ve İmalathane Memuru” (Gelibolulu Azmi, 1914), “Fabrikacılık” (Binbaşı Ahmet Hamdi Bey, 1919) ve “Fabrikacılık ve Sanayi Notları” (Mehmet Ali Bey, 1928) adlı kaynak eserler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Türkiye’deki işletmecilik bilgisinin oluşumuna etki eden izlerin keşfedilmesi ve alanyazına katkı sağlaması amacıyla, 20. yüzyıl başlarında Osmanlı alfabesiyle yayımlanan, fabrika sistemini ve yönetimini ele alan bu kaynakların içerikleri, yönetim-organizasyon konuları bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Söz konusu üç eserde, bir fabrikanın teknik açıdan nasıl işletilmesi gerektiğine içeriklerinde yer verilmektedir. Bununla beraber “Fabrikacı ve İmalathane Memuru” eserinde fabrikacılık konusunda detaylı teknik bilgilere ve insan kaynakları yönetimine, “Fabrikacılık” eserinde bir fabrikanın örgüt yapısının ve nitelikli insan kaynağının nasıl olması gerektiğine ve “Fabrikacılık ve Sanayi Notları” eserinde ise bir fabrikanın verimliliği ve bilimsel yöntemlerle daha iyi nasıl işletilebileceğine yönelik fikirlere öncelik verilerek bilgilerin aktarıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
A NEW TEICHICHNOID TRACE FOSSIL SYRINGOMORPHA CYPRENSIS FROM THE MIOCENE OF CYPRUS
Authors: MIGUEZ-SALAS OLMO , RODRÍGUEZ-TOVAR FRANCISCO J. , UCHMAN ALFRED
Published: October 2019

A new teichichnoid trace fossil, Syringomorpha cyprensis from the Miocene of Cyprus, is proposed as a vertical burrow composed of an arcuate-like tube with horizontal parts to subhorizontal distally and vertical to subvertical parts proximally and triangular spreiten in the inner corner of the tube. Previously, this ichnogenus was represented only by the lower Paleozoic, shallow marine S. nilssoni, which disappeared after the Cambrian. Syringomorpha cyprensis marks the reappearance of similar behavior, in a deep-sea environment with pelagic, contouritic, and turbiditic sedimentation, influenced by frequent turbiditic and bottom current flows. Both ichnospecies of Syringomorpha could be produced by the same taxonomic group of probable worm like organisms (polychaetes?). Energy conditions were a stronger influence on the distribution of S. cyprensis tracemaker rather depth.
NSO-A Field Revaluation Using IPM Suites: A Case Study of Mature Production Data History Match
Authors: Hetami Gandhi , Cahyono Sony , Mario Purwadiadji Edhu , Fanani Andri Rizky
Published: October 2019

The NSO-A Gas Field is a large gas field located in Aceh, Indonesia that has been producing since July 1999 and still continue producing gas with field depletion not as rapid as predicted, it was known that reservoir pressure measurements indicated the field was not depleting as rapidly as expected and wells were maintaining their plateau rates longer than earlier models, so that it necessary to re-evaluate the availability of oil and gas reserves contained in the NSO-A field structure.

Previous studies were revisited, it is stated that geomechanical testing of Malacca limestone cores indicate that the rock has high compressibility and suffers elastic and significant plastic deformation when mechanical stresses are increased. This paper adopted the previous study and add updated mature production data to be used in material balance history match with field production to evaluate fluid initial in place estimation. This methodology uses the combination between GAP (Network Modelling Tool), MBAL (Material Balance Tool), and PROSPER (Well Modelling Tool) which gives satisfaction result in OGIP, Aquifer Size, and Controlling mechanism determination while using limited static data in the early production period. Without proper calibration, this models could lead to misleading of in-place estimation. The combination of these modelling tool has proved to be very reliable and has resulted in better reservoir evaluation. This approach requires the accuracy of of individual well testing and production history data in order to be reliable an accurate.

The model shows a bigger OGIP to be around 3 TCF (11% higher than volumetric) with 220000 RB/PSI/DAY aquifer influx. Material balance model were very useful to giveses a credence that possibly aside from rock compaction mechanism, active aquifer influx as an other major drive mechanism that is essential to match with the field performance history. This paper should help the engineers step by step to perform reservoir evaluation using limited static pressure data availability, but still able to give a reliable result to achieve history matched for in-place volume estimation and well performance prediction.
Innovative Production Logging Solution Enabled Comprehensive Horizontal Well Evaluation in Challenging Downhole Conditions
Authors: AlSunnary Khaled , AlMuslem Mohammed , Al-Abdulmohsin Yousif , Bawazir Mustafa , Zaouali Zouhir
Published: October 2019

Challenging downhole environments require an unconventional integrated production logging solution that is reliable and efficient. Production logging provides information during production operations and beyond. However, conventional production logging in extended reach horizontal wells, equipped with Electric Submersible Pumps (ESPs), is complicated, as the locations of water- and oil-producing zones are uncertain due to the impurity of the borehole, caused by the presence of debris and thick material. Such downhole conditions affect the production logging tool sensors and lowers the measurements resolution.

Downhole conditions can present challenges for casedhole and openhole evaluation programs, and each horizontal well presents a different complexity. The technique relies on the combination of the advanced multiphase production logging tool (AMPLT) and the pulsed neutron logging tool (PNLT). Measuring the flow rate downhole, PNLT data were acquired to complement the AMPLT spinner data when flowing at both high and low choke settings and shut-in surveys. The acquisition procedure is to allow unfavorable conditions to be logged at varying flow rates, to identify the fluid flow profile.

We have studied wells equipped with ESPs to gain insight into the job planning, deployment and integration of results for horizontal well production profiling. The examples illustrate the optimization done during the job that led to successful execution. The first example is an openhole horizontal well logging case using conventional logging solution. This is followed by the second well, showing the effect of harsh environment in the openhole section on the logging tool and sensors. The last two field examples were logged recently, and the measurements and interpretation techniques are analyzed in detail in the paper.

This innovative production logging solution has resulted in the successful assessment of downhole fluid entries with high confidence and safe operation despite the challenging downhole environment. Such logging is necessary to understand reservoir fluid dynamics, which is fundamental for effective reservoir management and planning more efficient workovers.
Smart Field: Is it Really Smart-Donkey Field Experience
Authors: Ariffin Mohd Hafizi , Tham Su Li , Johing Fedawin , Jamel Delwistiel , Abdussalam Khomeini
Published: October 2019

Smart field accessories are already widely used in the industry. Donkey field is ready to jump on the bandwagon by installing 8 wells with these accessories. In addition, Donkey field is equipped with data transmission system or we called it Integrated Operation (IO) where the data is transmitted directly to shore for faster decision making and continuous data monitoring.

For every installation for these jewelries, the question is always why do we need these? Most of the time, well inaccessible is the drive of their installation. But, the benefit of this jewelries are beyond that. For example, optimization for commingle is easier for this installation. With Inflow Control Valve (ICV), it is easier to control its injection for each layer.

IO helped the engineer to dive deep into well and reservoir performance or problem. This technology helps the engineer to have full picture on field potential. So, where is the problem?

"Smart well" have a good ring to our ear which make us forget what is the challenges underlying its installation. After 2 years of its installation, almost all these jewelries began to shows their problem. Team face quite a challenge to rectify this problem especially on well jewelries. Because of the location of the field, transmitters’ signals are really impacted by the weather. With the tropical climate of Donkey field, the data missing for interpretation is quite massive. Hence, it is difficult to get good data for it.

During initial design stage, everyone need to consider the configuration and location of the field before we start to consider these expensive jewelries. Do we really need it? And are we ready for its maintenance, not just on its installation? How frequent is its maintenance? All of these need to be considered before we jump on the bandwagon.
Lessons Learned from Adopting Sustainability Aspects for Gas Development Project
Authors: Asmoro Trian Hendro , Prabowo Hirmawan Eko , Prayascitra Adearty
Published: October 2019

Oil and gas industry have started integrating sustainability approaches into their oil and operations mainly aiming to manage risks particularly in Environment and Social (E&S) aspects. It is also seen to be aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) where its main principles of sustainability have actually been adopted in the oil and gas activities. One of set of requirements that addresses sustainability aspects in a project is that Performance Standards (PS) developed by IFC (International Finance Corporation).

IFC PS provides comprehensive standard of E&S practices which encourages transparency and positive contribution to environment and community. It has 8 elements, i.e. managing E&S risks and impacts (PS1), promoting safety and fair treatment of workers (PS2), avoiding pollution from project activities (PS3), managing risks to local communities (PS4), improving livelihoods of displaced persons (PS5), managing living natural resources sustainably (PS6), and protecting the indigenous peoples (PS7) and cultural heritage (PS8).

Adopting IFC PS has been mostly becoming compulsory nowadays when dealing with financial institutions to support a project financing. This is also known as green financing where a project must adhere with a set of E&S requirements in managing project risks especially in E&S sides. Implementing IFC PS is such a challenging thing when the project has unique characteristics, e.g. located in post-conflict area, no major project in the past decade, and some unpleasant images perceived by the communities from the former operator.

This paper will discuss lessons learned from implementing IFC PS in a gas development project and developing management system adopted from them, e.g. stakeholder engagement, grievance mechanism, livelihood restoration and environment management. It will also investigate the gaps between aspects in IFC PS and Government regulation, and finally bridge them accordingly. As a result, implementation of management system has helped manage the risks and improve project's performance and outcomes.
Dynamic Well Modeling, Where are We?: Mahakam Operation Experience for Well Diagnostics & Optimization
Authors: Ashfahani Adnan Syarafi , Sulistiyo Sulistiyo , Hapsari Hairuni Safri
Published: October 2019

Since first time introduced in oil & gas well by Gilbert (1954) then popularized by Mach (1979) and Brown (1984) as Nodal Analysis™, system analysis is commonly used to analyze the performance of system composed of multiple interacting components. It is generally used for well diagnostic, performance matching, and prediction for optimization. In this concept, multiphase flow modeling in steady-state condition also introduced and widely used in industry to analyze flow performance inside wellbore with empirical or mechanistic approach. However by its nature, flow performance always as transient flow phenomenon and several cases could not be captured by steady-state model. Dynamic well modeling is needed to verify some of the conclusions from steady-state simulation therefore uncertainty could be reduced. Dynamic model features mechanistic & empirical approach with basic conservation equations (mass, energy, momentum), constitutive correlations and flow pattern transition modeling (Benidiksen et al, 1991; Staff et al., 2015). It is a powerful approach to generate model where dynamic-transient phenomena is become concern.

Dynamic well modeling has been demonstrated in latest 5 years of Mahakam operation for specific purpose where steady-state well model which regularly used could not represent dynamic condition. Several studies are presented in this paper with certain objectives for well diagnostic, optimization, risk analysis or in general for petroleum engineering purpose: 1) Liquid loading prediction; 2) Well start-up prediction & analysis; 3) Static condition requirement analysis for well revival campaign; 3) Velocity String performance prediction; 4) Alternative water production estimation where direct measurement has limitations; 5) Wellhead shut-in pressure prediction with buffer zone effect to support unlocking high pressure reservoirs; 6) Blow-out modeling and dynamic well killing for blow-out contingency plan; 7) Unstable gas lift injection phenomena that impact to liquid production; 8) Liquid accumulation inside pipeline which impact to well back pressure, etc. The advantage and drawbacks from model implementation also presented as a practical reference to consider this approach. In summary, dynamic well modeling is beneficial in Mahakam operation, moreover in today's mature condition (operated more than 40 years) where the problem becomes more complex and better decision making is needed to consider efficient method with effective cost.
Unlocking Potential of Handil Shallow Oil Reservoir by Using Resin Sand Consolidation Technique
Authors: Hadi Aen Nuril , Setiadi Rahman , Agus Yasa I-Made , Setyo Handoko Bayu , Nursyirwan Ahmad
Published: October 2019

Handil Field is a mature oil and gas field located in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, developed since 1975. Handil reservoirs were deposited in a fluvio-deltaic environment. Oil reservoirs mainly located in shallow zone, whereas gas bearing reservoirs are mainly located in lower main until deep zone. Handil shallow zone consists of multi layer reservoirs located at depth 200 to 1500 m TVDSS. This zone is penetrated by different kinds of completion well techniques: gravel pack well for shallow zone and tubingless and dual string well for main and deep zone. The oil production from shallow zone is supported by gas lift system. The characteristic of shallow reservoir is poorly consolidated to unconsolidated sand with strong aquifer support. Due to sand prone reservoir, sand control technique is mandatory to prevent sand production when producing the oil.

Gravel pack is commonly used as completion technique. Yet it still has limitation in number of reservoir coverage. As an alternative solution to produce remaining uncovered oil reservoirs, resin sand consolidation (SCON) is chosen.

As the impact of bottom-up perforation strategy applied in Handil field, SCON implementation in ex-main and ex-deep zone wells are continuously emerging. Currently, several wells start producing from shallow reservoirs. Extensive preparation should be performed such as gas lift installation, tubing integrity, cementing, and site preparation in order to perform SCON in these types of wells. In terms of SCON target selection, several assesment should be performed to deal with SCON chemical limitations.

SCON technique in Handil shallow oil reservoir was put on pilot project in 2011. Until End of 2018, 19 jobs have been implemented in different type of well architectures. In term of production gain, SCON jobs have been delivering ~1,100,000 bbls cumulative oil production with 100% success ratio on job execution and durability of the resin (no early sand breakthrough on surface). In 2018, 11 SCON jobs were performed with an average production gain 400 bopd and reserves 80,000 bbls. Due to its profitability, robustness, and applicability, SCON remain the main option to unlock oil potential of the remaining unperforated shallow reservoir in Handil Field.
Management of Reserves in Mature Oil and Gas Fields
Authors: Peacock Douglas , Duncan Andrew
Published: October 2019

Many basins throughout the world are experiencing decline in hydrocarbon production with fields maturing and approaching abandonment. Growth in production is coming either from unconventional reservoirs or from relatively immature and emerging basins. As fields (or clusters of fields) approach abandonment, several issues need consideration. There are several ways in which production decline can be mitigated including: infield drilling, workovers, optimised reservoir & facility management, field rejuvenation. Cost management, increased production and operational improvement are some of the strategies employed to maintain profitable operations.

Abandonment of a platform with a large number of wells can be a lengthy process with production continuing throughout that process. As production declines, revenues will eventually no longer cover costs. Within the Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS), Reserves are limited by "the earliest truncation of either technical, license, or economic limit". If there are no technical or licence restrictions, the economic limit, defined as the the time when the maximum cumulative net cash flow occurs for a project, defines the date up to which Reserves may be booked.

Several issues related to the determination of the economic limit by an Economic Limit Test (ELT) in late field life will be discussed. Short periods of negative cash flow may be accommodated, and therefore qualify as Reserves, under certain circumstances provided that the longer term cumulative net cash flow forecast shows that the following positive periods more than offset the negative. The use of maximum cumulative cash flow as the basis for the ELT means that incremental projects with negative cash flow are not included as Reserves. However, once the costs are sunk and a forward-looking assessment is performed, the cash flow is once again positive and Reserves can be assigned. Volumes being produced beyond the economic limit, accompanied by a negative cash flow, should not be classified as Reserves as they are not economic to produce. The assumption within the PRMS is that this is point at which a project will cease production.

In some PSC environments, there may be little incentive for operators to make long term investments close to PSC expiry. Even after fields reach their economic limit, they may be reactivated e.g.by infill drilling, IOR, EOR. This may be done by different operators, including National Oil Companies or service companies and/or under different commercial arrangements. However, in practice, there may be several reasons why fields continue to produce when production is sub-economic. Management of Reserves in mature fields is important for many reasons including: providing a financing base for the operator, signalling investment opportunities for field re-activation, improved recovery methods or to justify licence extension. This paper will outline some of the challenges involved in late life field management and how it impacts Reserves assessment.