bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism analysis of 5' untranslated region of thyroglobulin gene in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) from three different regions of Indonesia
Authors: Anwar S. , Putra A.C. , Wulandari A.S. , Agung P. P. , Putra W.P.B. , Said S.
Published: August 2017

The g.422C>T nucleotide variations in the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) of TG gene (called as TG5) has been reported to be associated with level in intramuscular fat (IMF) content or marbling in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to confirm genetic polymorphism of TG5 gene in Bali cattle populations from three different regions as the main resources of Bali cattle in Indonesia. A total of 200 head of Bali cattle have been performed genotyping on TG5 gene using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lenght polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and sequence analysis. Results of the study confirmed that TG5 was monomorphic in Bali cattle wherever their origin regions. Moreover, nine candidate SNPs were detected within 5’UTR of TG gene in Bali cattle compared to Genbank reference sequences, although no SNP variations among Bali cattle sample studied. The new other genetic markers within an entire TG gene suggested to be explored and verified for their polymorphisms in Bali cattle. The nine candidate SNPs were also required further verification and validation in a larger sample to be regarded as new SNPs between Bali cattle and Genbank reference sequences.
Evaluation of feeding Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal and Sardinella lemuru fish oil on lipids metabolism of local ducks
Authors: Arini N.M.J. , Sumiati S. , Mutia R.
Published: August 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness usage of Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal (I) and Sardinella lemuru fish oil (L) in diets on the decreasing levels of cholesterol and lipid metabolism of laying duck. One hundred and forty-four Magelang ducks aged 20-32 weeks, laying periode, with an average body weigth of 1,72±0,12 kg were used, which were divided into 6 groups of experimental diets, 3 replications, and of 8 layers each. A completely randomized design, 3x2 factorial design was used in this experiment. The first factor was usage Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal which replaced protein soybean meal (0%, 5,5%, 11%). The second factor was usage Sardinella lemuru fish oil (0%, 2%). The results showed that the treatment (I5.5L2) was highly significant affected (P<0.01) the level of triglyceride, HDL, and LDL in the blood. The treatment I0L2 significantly decrease (P<0.05) total cholesterol of blood lipid profile and meat cholesterol. The treatment (I11L2) was highly significantly decreased (P<0.01) egg cholesterol. The conclusion of this study was that feeding Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal 5.5% and Sardinella lemuru fish oil 2% in laying duck’s diet could maintain the balance of blood lipid profiles by lowering plasma triglycerides, LDL, cholesterol and raising up plasma HDL and plays an important role on lipid metabolism of Magelang laying ducks to produce eggs and meat with low cholesterol content.
Analysis and Optimization of Conformal Patch Excited Wideband DRA of Several Shapes
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Dwari Santanu , Singh Shailendra , Kumar Ashok , Agrawal N. K. , Kumar Utkarsh
Published: August 2017

In this paper various shapes of DR antennas excited by common feed have been proposed and successfully implemented for wideband applications. Proposed structures are Hemispherical, Arrow-shaped and Triangular DRA, while common excited feed is inverted trapezoidal conformal patch. These shapes of DR offer significant optimization in several parameters such as impedance bandwidth, peak gain and bandwidth per unit volume of the antenna. By using inverted trapezoidal patch feed mechanism an impedance bandwidth (VSWR<2) of about 63 % for hemispherical shape, 66 % for arrow shape, and 72 % for triangular shape DRA has been achieved with maximum bandwidth per unit volume. Proposed wideband DRAs i. e. triangular, hemispherical, and arrow shapes of DR antennas cover almost complete C-band (4 GHz–8 GHz) frequency spectrum of microwave. The average peak gain within the operating band for hemispherical, arrow, and triangular shape DRA are about 5, 5.4, and 5.5 dB respectively. A comparative analysis of proposed structures for various antenna parameters has been analyzed by HFSS (High-Frequency Structure Simulator) and validated by experimental results.
Technical problems during laparoscopy: a systematic method of troubleshooting for surgeons
Authors: Siddaiah-Subramanya Manjunath , Nyandowe Masimba , Tiang Kor Woi
Published: August 2017

Background:

Laparoscopic surgery has progressed rapidly since the early 1990s. For some surgical operations, it has become the standard of care to the extent where open surgery is sometimes looked down upon by some surgical colleagues as well as by patients.

Current status:

Despite this widespread adoption and acceptance, many surgeons struggle to understand how the laparoscopy stacks work despite having the skills to perform the operation. Most hospitals rely on operating theatre assistants to troubleshoot in the event of problems. This could be potentially unsafe for patients if laparoscopic vision or pneumoperitoneum is lost at a critical point of the operation.

Discussion:

There are a number of approaches that have been published for troubleshooting laparoscopy stack. We explore and discuss some of them along with their advantages and disadvantages and how they relate to our methodology and approach. As a product of the discussion, we suggest a systematic way forward to troubleshooting laparoscopic tower equipment problems.

Conclusion:

The technical knowledge of surgeons and trainees varies widely in the area of laparoscopy-related troubleshooting. This systematic, practical algorithm would help and guide all surgeons to adopt a uniform approach, thereby improving patient safety.
A Novel Approach to Extract Exact Liver Image Boundary from Abdominal CT Scan using Neutrosophic Set and Fast Marching Method
Authors: Siri Sangeeta K. , Latte Mrityunjaya V.
Published: August 2017

Liver segmentation from abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan images is a complicated and challenging task. Due to the haziness in the liver pixel range, the neighboring organs of the liver have the same intensity level and existence of noise. Segmentation is necessary in the detection, identification, analysis, and measurement of objects in CT scan images. A novel approach is proposed to meet the challenges in extracting liver images from abdominal CT scan images. The proposed approach consists of three phases: (1) preprocessing, (2) CT scan image transformation to neutrosophic set, and (3) postprocessing. In preprocessing, noise in the CT scan is reduced by median filter. A “new structure” is introduced to transform a CT scan image into a neutrosophic domain, which is expressed using three membership subsets: true subset (T), false subset (F), and indeterminacy subset (I). This transform approximately extracts the liver structure. In the postprocessing phase, morphological operation is performed on the indeterminacy subset (I). A novel algorithm is designed to identify the start points within the liver section automatically. The fast marching method is applied at start points that grow outwardly to detect the accurate liver boundary. The evaluation of the proposed segmentation algorithm is concluded using area- and distance-based metrics.
Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for p-convex functions via fractional integrals
Authors: Kunt Mehmet , İşcan İmdat
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we present Hermite-Hadamard inequality for p-convex functions in fractional integral forms. we obtain an integral equality and some Hermite-Hadamard type integral inequalities for p-convex functions in fractional integral forms. We give some Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for convex, harmonically convex and p-convex functions. Some results presented in this paper for p-convex functions, provide extensions of others given in earlier works for convex, harmonically convex and p-convex functions.
Infinitely Many Solutions of the Neumann Problem for Elliptic systems in Anisotropic Variable Exponent Sobolev Spaces
Authors: Ahmed A. , Vall M.S.B. Elemine , Touzani A.
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we prove the existence of in finitely many solutions for the following system by applying a critical point variational principle obtained by Ricceri as a consequence of a more general variational principle and the theory of the anisotropic variable exponent Sobolev spaces 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35K05 - 35K55.
Hermite-Hadamard type integral inequalities for products of two generalized (s; m; ξ)-preinvex functions
Authors: Kashuri Artion , Liko Rozana
Published: August 2017

In this paper, the notion of generalized (s; m; ξ)-preinvex function is introduced and some new integral inequalities for the left-hand side of Gauss-Jacobi type quadrature formula involving generalized (s; m; ξ)-preinvex functions along with beta function are given. Moreover, we establish some new Hermite-Hadamard type integral inequalities for products of two generalized (s; m; ξ)-preinvex functions via classical and Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. These results not only extend the results appeared in the literature (see [10],[11]), but also provide new estimates on these types. At the end, some conclusions are given.
Impact of Polyphenol Supplementation on Acute and Chronic Response to Resistance Training
Authors: Beyer Kyle S. , Stout Jeffrey R. , Fukuda David H. , Jajtner Adam R. , Townsend Jeremy R. , Church David D. , Wang Ran , Riffe Joshua J. , Muddle Tyler W.D. , Herrlinger Kelli A. , Hoffman Jay R.
Published: August 2017

Beyer, KS, Stout, JR, Fukuda, DH, Jajtner, AR, Townsend, JR, Church, DD, Wang, R, Riffe, JJ, Muddle, TWD, Herrlinger, KA, and Hoffman, JR. Impact of polyphenol supplementation on acute and chronic response to resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 2945–2954, 2017—This study investigated the effect of a proprietary polyphenol blend (PPB) on acute and chronic adaptations to resistance exercise. Forty untrained men were assigned to control, PPB, or placebo. Participants in PPB or placebo groups completed a 4-week supplementation period (phase I), an acute high-volume exercise bout (phase II), and a 6-week resistance training program (phase III); whereas control completed only testing during phase II. Blood draws were completed during phases I and II. Maximal strength in squat, leg press, and leg extension were assessed before and after phase III. The exercise protocol during phase II consisted of squat, leg press, and leg extension exercises using 70% of the participant's strength. The resistance training program consisted of full-body exercises performed 3 d·wk−1. After phase I, PPB (1.56 ± 0.48 mM) had greater total antioxidant capacity than placebo (1.00 ± 0.90 mM). Changes in strength from phase III were similar between PPB and placebo. Polyphenol blend supplementation may be an effective strategy to increase antioxidant capacity without limiting strength gains from training.
Factors that Influence Session-Rating of Perceived Exertion in Elite Gaelic Football
Authors: Malone Shane , Hughes Brian , Roe Mark , Mangan Shane , Collins Kieran
Published: August 2017

Malone, S, Hughes, B, Roe, M, Mangan, S, and Collins, K. Factors that influence session-rating of perceived exertion in elite Gaelic football. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1176–1183, 2020—The current investigation examined the relationships between external training load (TL) measures and the session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) within Gaelic football players. Furthermore, we examined the effect that player experience, playing position, and 1-km time trial (TT) performance had on perception of TL. Physical performance (total distance, high-speed distance, very high–speed distance, max velocity, total accelerations, and maximal velocity exposures) and perceived TL (s-RPE) data were collected from 45 elite intercounty Gaelic football players (mean ± SD age of 24.2 ± 2.9 years; height: 180 ± 7 cm; mass: 81 ± 7 kg) over a 1-year period this resulted in 4,095 individual training session data being collected. There were moderate to very large associations between s-RPE and distance measures. Post hoc analysis revealed that the 0–1-year group had a higher s-RPE TL than the 2–3-year (d = 0.84 ± 0.33, small), 4–6-year (d = 0.91 ± 0.30, small), and 7+ year (d = 0.81 ± 0.30, small) groups. Midfielders reported higher s-RPE when compared with all positions (d = 1.21 ± 0.21, moderate). Half-backs (d = 0.81 ± 0.30, small), and half-forwards (d = 0.84 ± 0.31, small) had a higher s-RPE TL than the full-backs and full-forwards when external TL was accounted for (d = 1.21 ± 0.58, moderate). When aerobic fitness was considered, a 1.2% AU increase in s-RPE TL per 1 second increase in TT time (90% confidence limits: 1.07–2.64) when external TL was held constant was observed. The current investigation has shown moderate to very large associations between s-RPE and distance measures. When experience and fitness were considered as potential moderators of TL, it was observed that a given external TL may result in different internal responses between athletes. This potentially leaves individuals at risk of overtraining or failing to elicit positive adaptation. It is therefore vital that coaches and trainers give consideration to these mediators of s-RPE TL.
Halftime Rewarm-up With Intermittent Exercise Improves the Subsequent Exercise Performance of Soccer Referees
Authors: Yanaoka Takuma , Yamagami Jumpei , Kidokoro Tetsuhiro , Kashiwabara Kyoko , Miyashita Masashi
Published: August 2017

Yanaoka, T, Yamagami, J, Kidokoro, T, Kashiwabara, K, and Miyashita, M. Halftime rewarm-up with intermittent exercise improves the subsequent exercise performance of soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 211–216, 2018—This study investigated the effect of halftime rewarm-up (RW) with intermittent exercise on the subsequent exercise performance of soccer referees, determined by the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1). Using a randomized cross-over design, 10 male referees were required to complete 2 trials. The trials consisted of the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test, halftime, and Yo-Yo IR1 periods. During halftime, participants either rested on a chair (Control) or performed a halftime RW exercise for 15 minutes. The halftime RW protocol comprised 2.15 minutes of seated rest, followed by 2.15 minutes of running at 70% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax)—this cycle of recovery and running was repeated for a total of 13 minutes. The halftime RW protocol started at 1 minute after the commencement of the halftime period and concluded 1 minute before its end. The Yo-Yo IR1 performance, blood glucose, free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate concentrations, the rating of perceived exertion, mean HR, and HRmax were analyzed. The Yo-Yo IR1 performance was higher in the halftime RW trial than in the control trial (3,095 ± 326 vs. 2,904 ± 421 m, P ≤ 0.05). The mean HR and HRmax, blood glucose, FFA, TG, CK, and lactate concentrations did not differ between the trials. The rating of perceived exertion during the halftime RW, but not after the Yo-Yo IR1 period, was higher than that in the control trial. In conclusion, this study showed that halftime RW with intermittent exercise improves the subsequent exercise performance.
Repulsive Guidance Molecule a (RGMa) Induces Neuropathological and Behavioral Changes That Closely Resemble Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Korecka Joanna A. , Moloney Elizabeth B. , Eggers Ruben , Hobo Barbara , Scheffer Sanny , Ras-Verloop Nienke , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen , Swaab Dick F. , Smit August B. , van Kesteren Ronald E. , Bossers Koen , Verhaagen Joost
Published: August 2017

Repulsive guidance molecule member a (RGMa) is a membrane-associated or released guidance molecule that is involved in axon guidance, cell patterning, and cell survival. In our previous work, we showed that RGMa is significantly upregulated in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease. Here we demonstrate the expression of RGMa in midbrain human dopaminergic (DA) neurons. To investigate whether RGMa might model aspects of the neuropathology of Parkinson's disease in mouse, we targeted RGMa to adult midbrain dopaminergic neurons using adeno-associated viral vectors. Overexpression of RGMa resulted in a progressive movement disorder, including motor coordination and imbalance, which is typical for a loss of DA release in the striatum. In line with this, RGMa induced selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and affected the integrity of the nigrostriatal system. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons was accompanied by a strong microglia and astrocyte activation. The behavioral, molecular, and anatomical changes induced by RGMa in mice are remarkably similar to the clinical and neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. Our data indicate that dysregulation of RGMa plays an important role in the pathology of Parkinson's disease, and antibody-mediated functional interference with RGMa may be a disease modifying treatment option.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by severe motor dysfunction due to progressive degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. To date, there is no regenerative treatment available. We previously showed that repulsive guidance molecule member a (RGMa) is upregulated in the substantia nigra of PD patients. Adeno-associated virus-mediated targeting of RGMa to mouse DA neurons showed that overexpression of this repulsive axon guidance and cell patterning cue models the behavioral and neuropathological characteristics of PD in a remarkable way. These findings have implications for therapy development as interfering with the function of this specific axon guidance cue may be beneficial to the survival of DA neurons.
Effect of Threat on Right dlPFC Activity during Behavioral Pattern Separation
Authors: Balderston Nicholas L. , Hsiung Abigail , Ernst Monique , Grillon Christian
Published: August 2017

It has long been established that individuals with anxiety disorders tend to overgeneralize attributes of fearful stimuli to nonfearful stimuli, but there is little mechanistic understanding of the neural system that supports overgeneralization. To address this gap in our knowledge, this study examined effect of experimentally induced anxiety in humans on generalization using the behavioral pattern separation (BPS) paradigm. Healthy subjects of both sexes encoded and retrieved novel objects during periods of safety and threat of unpredictable shocks while we recorded brain activity with fMRI. During retrieval, subjects were instructed to differentiate among new, old, and altered images. We hypothesized that the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) would play a key role in the effect of anxiety on BPS. The dlPFC, but not the hippocampus, showed increased activity for altered images compared with old images when retrieval occurred during periods of threat compared with safety. In addition, accuracy for altered items retrieved during threat was correlated with dlPFC activity. Together, these results suggest that overgeneralization in anxiety patients may be mediated by an inability to recruit the dlPFC, which mediates the cognitive control needed to overcome anxiety and differentiate between old and altered items during periods of threat.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder patients generalize fear to nonfearful fear stimuli, making it difficult to regulate anxiety. Understanding how anxiety affects generalization is key to understanding the overgeneralization experienced by these patients. We examined this relationship in healthy subjects by studying how threat of shock affects neural responses to previously encountered stimuli. Although previous studies point to hippocampal involvement, we found that threat affected activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), rather than the hippocampus, when subjects encountered slightly altered versions of the previously encountered items. Importantly, this dlPFC activity predicted performance for these items. Together, these results suggest that the dlPFC is important for discrimination during elevated anxiety and that overgeneralization may reflect a deficit in dlPFC-mediated cognitive control.
Conditional Deletion ofPrnpRescues Behavioral and Synaptic Deficits after Disease Onset in Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Salazar Santiago V. , Gallardo Christopher , Kaufman Adam C. , Herber Charlotte S. , Haas Laura T. , Robinson Sophie , Manson Jean C. , Lee Michael K. , Strittmatter Stephen M.
Published: August 2017

Biochemical and genetic evidence implicate soluble oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβo) in triggering Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Moreover, constitutive deletion of the Aβo-binding cellular prion protein (PrPC) prevents development of memory deficits in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice, a model of familial AD. Here, we define the role of PrPCto rescue or halt established AD endophenotypes in a therapeutic disease-modifying time window after symptom onset. Deletion ofPrnpat either 12 or 16 months of age fully reverses hippocampal synapse loss and completely rescues preexisting behavioral deficits by 17 months. In contrast, but consistent with a neuronal function for Aβo/PrPCsignaling, plaque density, microgliosis, and astrocytosis are not altered. Degeneration of catecholaminergic neurons remains unchanged by PrPCreduction after disease onset. These results define the potential of targeting PrPCas a disease-modifying therapy for certain AD-related phenotypes after disease onset.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe study presented here further elucidates our understanding of the soluble oligomeric amyloid-β–Aβo-binding cellular prion protein (PrPC) signaling pathway in a familial form of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by implicating PrPCas a potential therapeutic target for AD. In particular, genetic deletion ofPrnprescued several familial AD (FAD)-associated phenotypes after disease onset in a mouse model of FAD. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of PrPCdeletion given that patients already present symptoms at the time of diagnosis.
Dedicated Hippocampal Inhibitory Networks for Locomotion and Immobility
Authors: Arriaga Moises , Han Edward B.
Published: August 2017

Network activity is strongly tied to animal movement; however, hippocampal circuits selectively engaged during locomotion or immobility remain poorly characterized. Here we examined whether distinct locomotor states are encoded differentially in genetically defined classes of hippocampal interneurons. To characterize the relationship between interneuron activity and movement, we usedin vivo, two-photon calcium imaging in CA1 of male and female mice, as animals performed a virtual-reality (VR) track running task. We found that activity in most somatostatin-expressing and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons positively correlated with locomotion. Surprisingly, nearly one in five somatostatin or one in seven parvalbumin interneurons were inhibited during locomotion and activated during periods of immobility. Anatomically, the somata of somatostatin immobility-activated neurons were smaller than those of movement-activated neurons. Furthermore, immobility-activated interneurons were distributed across cell layers, with somatostatin-expressing cells predominantly in stratum oriens and parvalbumin-expressing cells mostly in stratum pyramidale. Importantly, each cell's correlation between activity and movement was stable both over time and across VR environments. Our findings suggest that hippocampal interneuronal microcircuits are preferentially active during either movement or immobility periods. These inhibitory networks may regulate information flow in “labeled lines” within the hippocampus to process information during distinct behavioral states.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampus is required for learning and memory. Movement controls network activity in the hippocampus but it's unclear how hippocampal neurons encode movement state. We investigated neural circuits active during locomotion and immobility and found interneurons were selectively active during movement or stopped periods, but not both. Each cell's response to locomotion was consistent across time and environments, suggesting there are separate dedicated circuits for processing information during locomotion and immobility. Understanding how the hippocampus switches between different network configurations may lead to therapeutic approaches to hippocampal-dependent dysfunctions, such as Alzheimer's disease or cognitive decline.
The Atypical MAP Kinase SWIP-13/ERK8 Regulates Dopamine Transporters through a Rho-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Bermingham Daniel P. , Hardaway J. Andrew , Refai Osama , Marks Christian R. , Snider Sam L. , Sturgeon Sarah M. , Spencer William C. , Colbran Roger J. , Miller David M. , Blakely Randy D.
Published: August 2017

The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) regulates multiple behaviors across phylogeny, with disrupted DA signaling in humans associated with addiction, attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. The DA transporter (DAT) imposes spatial and temporal limits on DA action, and provides for presynaptic DA recycling to replenish neurotransmitter pools. Molecular mechanisms that regulate DAT expression, trafficking, and function, particularlyin vivo, remain poorly understood, though recent studies have implicated rho-linked pathways in psychostimulant action. To identify genes that dictate the ability of DAT to sustain normal levels of DA clearance, we pursued a forward genetic screen inCaenorhabditis elegansbased on the phenotype swimming-induced paralysis (Swip), a paralytic behavior observed in hermaphrodite worms with loss-of-functiondat-1mutations. Here, we report the identity ofswip-13, which encodes a highly conserved ortholog of the human atypical MAP kinase ERK8. We present evidence that SWIP-13 acts presynaptically to insure adequate levels of surface DAT expression and DA clearance. Moreover, we providein vitroandin vivoevidence supporting a conserved pathway involving SWIP-13/ERK8 activation of Rho GTPases that dictates DAT surface expression and function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSignaling by the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is tightly regulated by the DA transporter (DAT), insuring efficient DA clearance after release. Molecular networks that regulate DAT are poorly understood, particularlyin vivo. Using a forward genetic screen in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, we implicate the atypical mitogen activated protein kinase, SWIP-13, in DAT regulation. Moreover, we providein vitroandin vivoevidence that SWIP-13, as well as its human counterpart ERK8, regulate DAT surface availability via the activation of Rho proteins. Our findings implicate a novel pathway that regulates DA synaptic availability and that may contribute to risk for disorders linked to perturbed DA signaling. Targeting this pathway may be of value in the development of therapeutics in such disorders.
Network analyses identify liver‐specific targets for treating liver diseases
Authors: Lee Sunjae , Zhang Cheng , Liu Zhengtao , Klevstig Martina , Mukhopadhyay Bani , Bergentall Mattias , Cinar Resat , Ståhlman Marcus , Sikanic Natasha , Park Joshua K , Deshmukh Sumit , Harzandi Azadeh M , Kuijpers Tim , Grøtli Morten , Elsässer Simon J , Piening Brian D , Snyder Michael , Smith Ulf , Nielsen Jens , Bäckhed Fredrik , Kunos George , Uhlen Mathias , Boren Jan , Mardinoglu Adil
Published: August 2017

We performed integrative network analyses to identify targets that can be used for effectively treating liver diseases with minimal side effects. We first generated co‐expression networks (CNs) for 46 human tissues and liver cancer to explore the functional relationships between genes and examined the overlap between functional and physical interactions. Since increased de novo lipogenesis is a characteristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we investigated the liver‐specific genes co‐expressed with fatty acid synthase (FASN). CN analyses predicted that inhibition of these liver‐specific genes decreases FASN expression. Experiments in human cancer cell lines, mouse liver samples, and primary human hepatocytes validated our predictions by demonstrating functional relationships between these liver genes, and showing that their inhibition decreases cell growth and liver fat content. In conclusion, we identified liver‐specific genes linked to NAFLD pathogenesis, such as pyruvate kinase liver and red blood cell (PKLR), or to HCC pathogenesis, such as PKLR, patatin‐like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), all of which are potential targets for drug development.
Garzón Vallejo, Iván. La religión en la razón pública
Authors: Díaz Jorge Aurelio
Published: August 2017

Garzón Vallejo, Iván. La religión en la razón pública. Bogotá; Buenos Aires: Universidad de la Sabana; Editorial Astrea, 2014. 287 pp.
El correlato objetivo y el monólogo dramático en la poesía de Antonio Colinas
Authors: Cuvardic García Dorde
Published: August 2017

Los integrantes de la generación poética española de los novísimos son conocidos por practicar el culturalismo, es decir, la incorporación de alusiones procedentes de la Alta Cultura y de la Cultura de Masas. Uno de sus más importantes representantes es Antonio Colinas. Sus alusiones culturales están al servicio de la reflexión sobre problemáticas existencialistas, como la pervivencia del ser humano a través del Arte, el paso del tiempo, el vitalismo mediterráneo...En el presente artículo se analizan los más importantes correlatos objetivos y monólogos dramáticos- dos procedimientos típicos del culturalismo- en la producción poética de este escritor. El correlato objetivo (término propuesto por T.S. Eliot) es un mecanismo que permite "exteriorizar" u "objetivar" el pensamiento del poeta a través de los objetos, los personajes o las situaciones reconstruidas en el poema. El monólogo dramático, por su parte, es un tipo particular de correlato objetivo que mediatiza el pensamiento del poeta a través de la voz de un sujeto histórico o ficcional.
Educação e dignidade humana – intersecção de caminhos
Authors: Hickenbick Claudia , De Lima Ramos Elenita Eliete , Rosa Patrícia
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho descreve o Projeto Político Pedagógico da Comissão de Integração dos Programas Sociais do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina – IFSC, Brasil. A metodologia utilizada no desenvolvimento do projeto foi o fomento à oferta de quatro projetos piloto que possibilitou reflexões a cerca da adequação institucional na oferta de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Como resultado entende-se que foi delineada uma alternativa de interpretação da noção de dignidade humana relacionada ao poder que pode ser atribuído à educação para trabalhadores que contemple reconhecimento de saberes (CERTIFIC), elevação de escolaridade (PROEJA) e educação profissional, como uma alternativa de desenvolvimento social e pessoal daqueles/as que não tiveram oportunidade de usufruir, na idade dita “adequada”, do direito básico à Educação.
Designing and Implementing an ESP Course: Revisiting an Experience
Authors: Ureña Salazar Elvia
Published: August 2017

This essay pretends to deep on how the process of making decisions in designing an ESP (English for Specific Purposes) course registered by three TESOL graduate students, structured by the author along with participants, a requirement of the Master of English Teaching for Speakers of Other Languages at University of Costa Rica (UCR).During the course the designers should help a group of UCR workers to communicate in English effectively with international students who want to study at UCR or those who were already participating in international programs. This study introduces data about the apprentices who benefit from this academic activity, tasks designed and taught, aswell as the evaluation and assessment used. Finally, it suggests some recommendations for those who may consider the option of designing an ESP course as an effective strategy to promote the use of the target language in a work context.
Bem Viver: discussões teórico conceituais
Authors: Schelemer Alcântara Liliane Cristine , Jurema Grimm Isabel , Cioce Sampaio Carlos Alberto , Mantovaneli Júnior Oklinger , Feuser Shimene , García Manon
Published: August 2017

O Bem Viver nos territórios andinos e amazônicos provém de uma existência de milhares de anos, sobrevivendo como um processo prático alternativo, construído frente a um modelo de desenvolvimento dominante. Neste contexto, a ecossocioeconomia emerge de desafios contemporâneos para pensar sociedades sustentáveis, diferentemente do que se constitui atualmente como sociedade de consumo, individualista e instrumental. O artigo busca debater questões do referencial teórico sobre o Bem Viver, dialogando com práticas econômicas sustentáveis. Metodologicamente, utilizase de pesquisa com revisão teórica e abordagem interdisciplinar, a partir das categorias dialéticas da subjetividade, coletividade e dinâmica ser humano-natureza. Os resultados evidenciam um constructo teórico que releva abordagem interdisciplinar, intercultural, sobretudo quando o tema do Bem Viver possa representar formas de vida de comunidades tradicionais da Americana Latina. Evidenciam também um olhar sistêmico, para-econômico (além da visão do consumo) sobre o Bem Viver.
¿Qué sabemos del suicidio de adultos en Costa Rica?
Authors: García Castro Juan Diego , Barrantes Umaña Beatriz
Published: August 2017

Este artículo es producto de una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos y trabajos finales de graduación sobre suicidio de adultos en Costa Rica. Se revisaron las bases de datos Redalyc, Scielo, Google Académico, Kimuk, OPAC de la UCR y los repositorios institucionales de la UCR Kérwá, de la UNA, de la UNED y del ITEC. Se encontraron 11 artículos científicos y 5 trabajos finales de graduación. A partir de un análisis de contenido se agruparon los estudios en dos categorías: características sociodemográficas y factores de riesgo. Los resultados señalan que es un fenómeno que ha venido en aumento. Sobre los aspectos sociodemográficos: que se da en mayor medida en hombres, en la adultez temprana, y a través de métodos como el ahorcamiento, la intoxicación y con armas de fuego. Como factores de riesgo aparecen: enfermedades mentales, físicas, problemas familiares, consumo de drogas, presión social, percepción de falta de apoyo, y abuso sexual. Se discuten hipótesis de por qué las personas se suicidan, se contrastan los resultados con otros estudios en América Latina y se señala la necesidad de más estudios en el país que permitan contar con conocimiento suficiente para disminuir su prevalencia.
Presentación
Authors: Pensamiento Actual Revista
Published: August 2017

La revista Pensamiento Actual es una publicación electrónica semestral de la Coordinación de Investigación de la Sede de Occidente de la Universidad de Costa Rica, se divulga los meses de junio y diciembre. Su objetivo general consiste en divulgar la producción científica que se realiza en la Sede de Occidente y en la comunidad académica nacional e internacional, por medio de artículos científicos, ensayos, producción artística, entre otros, con carácter original, novedoso y de acceso libre. No tiene ningún tipo de costos o cargas depublicación por parte de los autores.
ГРЕЧИХА - ЗОЛУШКА НА ПУТИ К ПРИНЦЕССЕ
Authors: Фадеев Л. В.
Published: August 2017

Тренд «здоровая пища» уверенно набирает популярность. Прогресс профилактической медицины, диетологии, развитие пищевых технологий убедительно показывают зависимость качества жизни от рациона питания человека. Высокое качество жизни – это продолжительность активного долголетия.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СЕГРЕГАЦИИ ФЕРРОМАГНИТНЫХ МИ К РОТРЕЙСЕРОВ ОТ ПРЕМИКСОВ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ В МОДЕЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ И У С ЛОВИЯХ ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ И ХРАНЕНИЯ
Authors: САХНО Т. В.
Published: August 2017

Рассмотрены теоретические аспекты определения однородности омбикормовой продукции и условий проявления сегрегации. Цель работы аключается в проведении исследования возможной сегрегации частиц ферромагнитных микротрейсеров и премикса в процессе хранения и доставки продукции от его производственной площадки до потребителя. Во взятых образцах продукции (6 образцов по 25 г и 4 образца по 200 г) из различных местоположений в упаковке (стандартный бумажный мешок весом 25 кг) определена концентрация микротрейсера, рассчитаны величины стандартного отклонения и коэффициент вариации. Установлено, что в 25 г суб-образцах отклонение между концентрациями микротрейсера в различных точках отбора, находится в интервале 0,28-0,49%. Различия концентрации микротрейсера в 200 г суб-образцах относительно небольшие (от 0,49 до 0,52%), а среднее значение коэффициента вариации составляет 3,4%. Средняя концентрация микротрейсера в 200 г суб-образцах была заметно выше (0,50%), чем в 25 г суб-образцах (0,37%). Полученные данные дают основание заключить, что умеренная сегрегация между микротрейсером и премиксом происходит во время отгрузки продукта с производственной площадки потребителю, вероятно, из-за различий в размерах частиц этих материалов. Проведено сравнение данных по сегрегации, полученных в результате модельных испытаний. Проанализирована роль сегрегации отдельных компонентов премиксов в процессе их производства, хранения и транспортировки. Показано, что сегрегация может проявляться в результате неравномерного распределения частиц премиксов, различающихся между собой по величине, форме и плотности. Обсужден вклад каждого из этих компонентов в сегрегационный процесс. Предложенный в данной работе метод модельных лабораторных испытаний сегрегации между премиксом и ферромагнитными микротрейсерами является полезным инструментом для изучения процессов сегрегации гранулированных материалов.
IV-я СЕССИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ШКОЛЫ КОРМОВ
Authors: Макаринская А. В.
Published: August 2017

29 мая - 04 июня 2017 г. в рамках IV-ой сессии Международной школы кормов, организованной Одесской национальной академией пищевых технологий (ОНАПТ), проведено два тренинга:  - Тренинг 1: «Искусство создания высокоэффективных рецептов комбикормов»; - Тренинг 2: «Внутренний аудит и оценка схемы GMP+FSA в соответствии с требованиями стандартов GMP+B1 “PRODUCTION, TRADE & SERVICES” и ISO 19011:2011».
Hydro-chemo-mechanical modelling of tunnels in sulfated rocks
Authors: Ramon A. , Alonso E. E. , Olivella S.
Published: August 2017

A modelling procedure to address the tunnel–anhydritic rock interaction is described in this paper. The model incorporates the basic physico-chemical phenomena involved in rock swelling, often observed during excavation and subsequent operation of tunnels. It includes (a) a provision for rock damage during tunnel excavation, (b) the precipitation of gypsum crystals in discontinuities and (c) a stress-dependent relationship between swelling strains and mass of gypsum precipitation. The model includes hydro-mechanical coupling and the transport of sulfate salts dissolved in the massif water. Rock damage is described by the development of a network of fractures that increases permeability and allows gypsum crystal growth. Field information, laboratory data and monitoring records available for Lilla tunnel, located in the province of Tarragona, Spain and excavated in Tertiary anhydritic claystone, were selected as a convenient benchmark case to test model capabilities. Predictions and measurements (swelling records of the unlined tunnel floor and swelling pressures against a structural invert) were found to agree reasonably well.
Whose Child Is This? Shifting of Dependents Among EITC Claimants Within the Same Household
Authors: Splinter David , Larrimore Jeff , Mortenson Jacob
Published: August 2017

Using a panel of household level tax data, we estimate the degree to which dependents are "reassigned" between tax units within households, and how these reassignments affect combined tax liabilities. Reassigning dependents reduces combined tax liabilities on average, suggesting some household level coordination. Additionally, when EITC benefits expanded in 2009, reassignments increasingly involved adding a third child to tax returns to claim these new benefits. However, the subgroup reassigning towards three child tax units actually increased total household tax liabilities, suggesting that some taxpayers may prioritize minimizing their own tax burden or focus on particularly salient aspects of tax policy.
Criteria for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis using the test Femoflor-16
Authors: Nazarova Veronika V. , Shipitsyna Elena V. , Gerasimova Ekaterina N. , Savicheva Alevtina M.
Published: August 2017

Background. Bacterial vaginosis is disturbance of the balance of the vaginal microflora, associated with a number of infectious diseases of the urogenital tract and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this country, for the detection of vaginal dysbiotic conditions, the test Femoflor-16 (DNA-Technology, Moscow) is widely used, however interpretation algorithms of this test do not include the category of BV.

Aim. The study aimed to elaborate diagnostic criteria for the detection of BV using Femoflor-16 test.

Materials and methods. Women of reproductive age addressing a gynecologist with vaginal discharge were enrolled in the study. For clinical diagnosis of BV, the Amsel criteria were used, laboratory analysis for BV was performed via microscopic investigation of vaginal discharge using the Nugent score. Samples of vaginal discharge from all women were analyzed with the test Femoflor-16, intended for characterizing vaginal microbiocenosis using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR.

Results. A total of 280 women were included in the study. BV was diagnosed in 86 women (31%) using the Amsel criteria, and in 81 women (29%) using the Nugent score. All groups of anaerobic bacteria included in Femoflor-16 test were shown to be associated with BV, with the exception of bacteria of the genus Mobiluncus, which are detected together with phylogenetically related but not BV-associated bacteria of the genus Corynebacterium. A low amount of lactobacilli (< 10% of total bacterial load) coupled with an elevated amount of Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphyromonas (> 1%) and/or Eubacterium (> 2%) and/or Sneathia/Leptotrichia/Fusobacterium (> 0.1%) and/or Megasphaera/Veillonella/Dialister (> 0.1%) and/or Lachnobacterium/Clostridium (> 0.1%) and/or Peptostreptococcus (> 0.1%) and/or Atopobium vaginae (> 0.2%) detected BV with a sensitivity of 99% and specificity of 93%.

Conclusions. Criteria for BV diagnosis using the test Femoflor-16 have been elaborated, which enable to detect BV or exclude it with a sensitivity of 99% and specificity of 93%. These criteria for BV and criteria of the test manufacturers for severe anaerobic dysbiosis determine to a large extent the same category of the vaginal microbiocenosis.
Isabel Oyarzábal Smith : autobiografía y memoria
Authors: Lizarraga Vizcarra Isabel
Published: August 2017

Isabel Oyarzábal de Palencia (Málaga 1878-México D.F. 1974), una de las españolas más destacadas de la primera mitad del siglo XX, fue actriz, dramaturga, etnóloga y periodista. Fundadora de una de las primeras sociedades feministas en España, formó parte de la Comisión Permanente de la Esclavitud en las Naciones Unidas y representó al Gobierno de la República como Ministra Plenipotenciaria en Suecia y Finlandia. Este trabajo analiza los principales avatares de su vida a partir de sus libros autobiográficos, I Must Have Liberty (1940) y Smouldering Freedom (1945), dos hitos insoslayables en la corriente literaria del memorialismo del exilio.
Amistades intelectuales : la mujer y las mujeres en la obra de María Zambrano
Authors: Revilla Guzmán Carmen
Published: August 2017

Este trabajo es un análisis de la aportación de María Zambrano al tema de la mujer con el fin de contribuir a la reflexión sobre el modo en el que la autora adopta la perspectiva de género en su filosofar. El interés de la autora por esta cuestión y su repercusión en el pensamiento filosófico femenino actual ponen de manifiesto la importancia del tema en la articulación de su filosofía, que se concreta en la atención a la experiencia y en la utilización de un lenguaje innovador. Teniendo en cuenta las más recientes investigaciones en este sentido se propone estudiar la relación de Zambrano con otras autoras, concretamente con Rosa Chacel, como ejemplo de amistad intelectual y de un diálogo filosófico eficaz.
Diferencias de género en el afrontamiento en la adolescencia
Authors: Martín Seoane Gema , Lucas Molina Beatriz , Pulido Valero Rosa
Published: August 2017

En este estudio se analizan las diferencias de género en las estrategias que utilizan los y las adolescentes para afrontar los problemas de la vida cotidiana. Con este fin se seleccionó una muestra representativa de 1.715 estudiantes escolarizados, de edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. Para evaluar el afrontamiento emocional se utilizó la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (A.C.S.) elaborada por Frydenberg y Lewis (1997). Los resultados apuntan a un mayor repertorio de estrategias en el caso de las adolescentes, así como diferencias en los estilos de afrontamiento, establecidos a través del análisis factorial de las 18 estrategias de afrontamiento evaluadas
La educación formal en Pakistán
Authors: Goicoechea Gaona María Angeles
Published: August 2017

La dificultad para encontrar información escrita en castellano sobre la educación formal pakistaní, ha motivado la redacción de este artículo desde una perspectiva de género. Partimos de una presentación general del sistema educativo, incidiendo en la situación escolar concreta de las mujeres, las carencias y diferencias significativas que tiene con respecto a la de los varones. La educación de ningún país es neutra, tampoco lo es la de Pakistán, que se encuentra influida por la religión islámica. Nos hemos servido de la comparación y las referencias a algunos aspectos de la evolución del sistema educativo español para tratar de comprender un poco mejor el pakistaní.
Consideraciones previas para la recuperación y revitalización del legado visual del calígrafo Juan de Yciar (s. XVI)
Authors: Herrera Fernández Eduardo , Fernández Iñurritegui Leire
Published: August 2017

Partimos de la hipótesis de que el acervo cultural conformado por la obra caligráfica de Juan de Yciar (1522-s/f) supone un testimonio fundamental de nuestro patrimonio visual acerca de la configuración formal de las formas alfabéticas. Nuestra propuesta de recuperación y revitalización de estas formas caligráficas plantea que éstas siguen siendo hoy en día factores referenciales para llegar a comprender y evaluar los aspectos estéticos y expresivos de la imagen de las letras. A su vez, suponen un modelo gráfico de aprendizaje relevante para el desarrollo de contenidos didácticos en un proceso de educación plástica para diseñadores, determinando contextos y formas de lectura válidas para el futuro.
Aspectos de la cultura material de la nobleza en el norte del Ebro durante el Antiguo Régimen
Authors: Orduna Portús Pablo M.
Published: August 2017

En el presente estudio nos planteamos la cuestión de si cabe hablar de una cultura propia del grupo nobiliario. Está claro que por ‘cultura nobiliar’ debemos entender una pluralidad de valores, creencias y pautas de comportamiento de un espectro determinado de la población. Con tal fin, abarcaremos desde el estudio de su arquitectura habitacional al de su vestimenta. En definitiva, intentaremos lograr una historia cultural de dos hechos artísticos y sociales de la nobleza navarra a lo largo de la Modernidad