bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A shiny app for modeling the lifetime in primary breast cancer patients through phase-type distributions
Authors: Acal Christian , Contreras Elena , Montero Ismael , Ruiz-Castro Juan Eloy
Published: December 2023

Phase-type distributions (PHDs), which are defined as the distribution of the lifetime up to the absorption in an absorbent Markov chain, are an appropriate candidate to model the lifetime of any system, since any non-negative probability distribution can be approximated by a PHD with sufficient precision. Despite PHD potential, friendly statistical programs do not have a module implemented in their interfaces to handle PHD. Thus, researchers must consider others statistical software such as R, Matlab or Python that work with the compilation of code chunks and functions. This fact might be an important handicap for those researchers who do not have sufficient knowledge in programming environments. In this paper, a new interactive web application developed with shiny is introduced in order to adjust PHD to an experimental dataset. This open access app does not require any kind of knowledge about programming or major mathematical concepts. Users can easily compare the graphic fit of several PHDs while estimating their parameters and assess the goodness of fit with just several clicks. All these functionalities are exhibited by means of a numerical simulation and modeling the time to live since the diagnostic in primary breast cancer patients.
Advancements in enhancing cyber-physical system security: Practical deep learning solutions for network traffic classification and integration with security technologies
Authors: Gaba Shivani , Budhiraja Ishan , Kumar Vimal , Makkar Aaisha
Published: December 2023

Traditional network analysis frequently relied on manual examination or predefined patterns for the detection of system intrusions. As soon as there was increase in the evolution of the internet and the sophistication of cyber threats, the ability for the identification of attacks promptly became more challenging. Network traffic classification is a multi-faceted process that involves preparation of datasets by handling missing and redundant values. Machine learning (ML) models have been employed to classify network traffic effectively. In this article, we introduce a hybrid Deep learning (DL) model which is designed for enhancing the accuracy of network traffic classification (NTC) within the domain of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Our novel model capitalizes on the synergies among CPS, network traffic classification (NTC), and DL techniques. The model is implemented and evaluated in Python, focusing on its performance in CPS-driven network security. We assessed the model's effectiveness using key metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, highlighting its robustness in CPS-driven security. By integrating sophisticated hybrid DL algorithms, this research contributes to the resilience of network traffic classification in the dynamic CPS environment.
Evaluation of alternative nursery potting mixtures for betel (Piper betle L.)
Authors: Dinelka S. A. N. , Dissanayaka D. M. P. V. , Premathilake U. G. A. T. , Weerasuriya G. P. A. N.
Published: December 2023

Betel (Piper betle L.) is a woody climber with cultural and economic significance. Precise potting mixture is a prerequisite to produce quality nursery plants. Exploring alternative potting mixtures is crucial in addressing limitations associated with traditional potting mixtures. This research aimed to evaluate the different alternative potting mixtures for nursery production of betel. The research was conducted at Betel Research Station, Department of Export Agriculture, at Narammala. Seven potting mixtures were prepared using different ratios of topsoil, coir dust, sand, cattle manure, compost, goat manure, Partially Burnt Paddy Husk (PBPH) and poultry manure. Department of Export Agriculture (DEA) recommended potting mixture (Topsoil: Sand: Coir dust: Cattle manure 1:1:1:1) was used as the control (T1). This experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design and each treatment consisted 15 nursery pots. “Ratadalu” stem cuttings were used as planting materials. Analysis was done on the EC, pH, and N, P, and K content of the nutrients in potting mixes. Growth parameters; number of leaves, shoot length and diameter were recorded weekly. Survival rate, shoot and root weight, root volume measured at 9th week. Except, T8 (Topsoil: PBPH: Poultry manure 1:3:1) potting mixture, other alternative nursery potting mixtures showed similar performances to control (T1) for most of the tested parameters. Out of alternative mixtures, T2 potting mixture exhibited more similar performances to the DEA recommended potting mixture. Therefore, T2 (Topsoil: Sand: Coir dust: Compost 1:1:1:1) can be suggested as the best alternative potting mixture for nursery production of betel.
Athletic Training Students’ Perceptions of Translating Knowledge From Classroom to Clinical Practice
Authors: Welch Bacon Cailee E. , Kroskie Ryan , Pike Lacy Alicia M. , Cavallario Julie M.
Published: December 2023

Context

As the health care landscape evolves, athletic training students (ATSs) must gain the skills necessary to effectively translate new evidence into practice to optimize patient outcomes. Knowledge translation is an iterative process that promotes the application of new knowledge by users, but little is known about how students perceive this translation process during athletic training education.

Objective

To explore ATSs’ perceptions of knowledge translation.

Design

Cross-sectional.

Setting

Web-based survey with open-ended questions.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 255 professional ATSs accessed the survey; 168 students (118 women, 48 men, 2 missing; age = 22 ± 2.3 years) completed the entire survey (69.5% completion rate).

Data Collection and Analysis

A Web-based survey composed of 6 open-ended questions was distributed to ATSs via a recruitment e-mail forwarded by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education-accredited athletic training program director on behalf of the research team. Due to the textual nature of the data, we used a multiphased, multianalyst data analysis approach guided by the consensual qualitative research tradition to analyze responses to the open-ended items. Self-reported topics that ATSs translated into clinical practice were categorized into the preestablished practice analysis domains identified by the Board of Certification.

Results

Topics within the examination, assessment, and diagnosis domain were most frequently reported by respondents. In addition to the topics translated, 3 themes emerged during data analysis. Students discussed their perceptions regarding the (1) application of knowledge gained in clinical practice, (2) challenges prohibiting successful knowledge translation, and (3) strategies to promote the knowledge translation process.

Conclusions

Findings from this study suggest a need to promote synergy between faculty and preceptors to ensure that didactically taught knowledge is aligned with what students are encountering during clinical experiences. Incorporating established knowledge translation strategies may help ATSs bridge the knowledge-to-practice gaps they perceive as current challenges inhibiting successful translation of new knowledge into the clinical environment.
Effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite gel and solutions in endodontics: A systematic review
Authors: Barbhi Sourabh , Srinidhi SR , Shetty Rajesh , Joshi Poonam , Mehta Vini , Aras Sanket
Published: December 2023

Aim:

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the superiority of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) liquid or NaOCl gel in disinfecting root canals.

Methods:

Online electronic databases such as PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase were explored for suitable studies. In this evaluation, papers were deemed eligible for the data extraction if they included in vitro experiments using NaOCl liquid or NaOCl gel for canal irrigation and its influence on the smear layer, as well as their elimination of the bacteria from the root canal. The review was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews with registration number CRD420223441126.

Results:

One hundred and sixty-one articles were found after initial screening and four articles were included for qualitative synthesis. Overall risk of bias was “high.” Two studies did not show significant variations among 2.5% NaOCl solution and gel.

Conclusion:

As per rigorous investigation done, NaOCl solution proved more efficient against Enterococcus faecalis than its gel form. More research is needed to determine the best effective NaOCl type, concentration, duration, and treatment regimens.
Morphological evaluation of mental foramen using cone-beam computed tomography: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Chawla Amrita , Balachandran Rajiv , Sharma Sidhartha , Kumar Vijay , Logani Ajay
Published: December 2023

Aim:

This study aimed to assess the shape, size, symmetry, and location of mental foramen (MF) in relation to mandibular dental and skeletal landmarks using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:

This retrospective observational study was performed on 135 CBCT images of 74 males (mean age 36.16 ± 13.49 years) and 61 females (mean age 37.13 ± 13.53 years). Two independent observers performed the morphometric measurements of MF using CBCT images using Invivo software. Independent t-test and Mann–Whitney test were employed to evaluate the gender differences. A comparison of categorical data was performed using Chi-square test. Intraclass correlation coefficient and Kappa statistics were used to assess interobserver reliability.

Results:

The most common horizontal and vertical location of MF was the long axis of the second premolars (52.2%) and below the bicuspid root apices (70%), respectively. The most common shape was round (56.6%). Significant gender differences were observed for the MF size (mean width 0.35 mm larger in males), the distance of MF to lower border of mandible (16.10 ± 1.77 mm in males and 14.81 ± 1.48 mm in females), and MF to pogonion (28 ± 2.13 mm in males and 26.62 ± 1.98 mm in females). The horizontal and vertical locations were bilaterally symmetrical in 67.4% and 79.26% of subjects, respectively.

Conclusion:

Right and left sides of the mandible require separate evaluations since there are differences in the location of the MF on each side. Gender differences were observed in location of MF in the relation to skeletal landmarks. Nevertheless, skeletal landmarks are reliable for locating the MF.
Comparison of various methods for removing double antibiotic paste from root canal walls during regenerative endodontic therapy
Authors: Soni Ankita , Jain Pradeep , Patni Pallav Mahesh , Raghuwanshi Swadhin , Pandey Sanket Hans , Tripathi Shubham , Jain Swati
Published: December 2023

Aim:

This study investigated the efficacy of Endoactivator, Pro-agitator tip system (PATS) Vario, BF brush, and dual side-vented needle irrigation to remove double antibiotic paste (DAP) from the root canal.

Methods:

Biomechanical preparation till size #25 (F2) was carried out utilizing the Protaper Universal System on 92 extracted teeth with single root and root canal. All the canals were filled with DAP for 21 days, and the roots were split into two halves (n = 20) and divided into four groups randomly based on the irrigation method, using either dual side-vented needle irrigation, BF brush, Endoactivator, or PATS Vario. Under a stereomicroscope, the quantity of medication still present at every root half was assessed using a four-grade scoring system.

Results:

PATS Vario (0.46 ± 0.50) followed by Endoactivator (0.46 ± 0.52) groups were substantially more effective at eliminating DAP from the root canal than BF brush groups (0.98 ± 0.58) and dual side-vented irrigation tips (2.29 ± 0.53) (P < 0.05) However, none of the methods succeeded in entirely removing antibiotic paste from canal walls.

Conclusion:

PATS Vario Group was more efficient than Endoactivator at eliminating DAP from root canal walls, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
An up-to-date view of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Wu Shan , Xiong Tu , Guo Shenglan , Zhu Cuiyi , He Jing , Wang Shurong
Published: December 2023

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN),referring to the damage to the peripheral nerves caused by exposure to a neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agent, is a common side effect amongst patients undergoing chemotherapy. Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) can lead to dose reduction or early cessation of chemotherapy, which is not conducive to patients’survival. Even after treatment is discontinued, PIPN symptoms carried a greater risk of worsening and plagued the patient’s life, leading to long-term morbidity in survivors. Here, we summarize the research progress for clinical manifestations, risk factors, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of PIPN, so as to embark on the path of preventing PIPN with prolongation of patient’s life quality on a long-term basis.
Discrimination of benign and malignant breast lesions on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Ming , He Guangyuan , Pan Changjie , Yun Bing , Shen Dong , Meng Mingzhu
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the capability of deep transfer learning (DTL) and fine-tuning methods in differentiating malignant from benign lesions in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Methods:

The diagnostic efficiencies of the VGG19, ResNet50, and DenseNet201 models were tested under the same dataset. The model with the highest performance was selected and modified utilizing three fine-tuning strategies (S1-3). Fifty additional lesions were selected to form the validation set to verify the generalization abilities of these models. The accuracy (Ac) of the different models in the training and test sets, as well as the precision (Pr), recall rate (Rc), F1 score (), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), were primary performance indicators. Finally, the kappa test was used to compare the degree of agreement between the DTL models and pathological diagnosis in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions.

Results:

The Pr, Rc, f1, and AUC of VGG19 (86.0%, 0.81, 0.81, and 0.81, respectively) were higher than those of DenseNet201 (70.0%, 0.61, 0.63, and 0.61, respectively) and ResNet50 (61.0%, 0.59, 0.59, and 0.59). After fine-tuning, the Pr, Rc, f1, and AUC of S1 (87.0%, 0.86, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively) were higher than those of VGG19. Notably, the degree of agreement between S1 and pathological diagnosis in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions was 0.720 (κ = 0.720), which was higher than that of DenseNet201 (κ = 0.440), VGG19 (κ = 0.640), and ResNet50 (κ = 0.280).

Conclusion:

The VGG19 model is an effective method for identifying benign and malignant breast lesions on DCE-MRI, and its performance can be further improved via fine-tuning. Overall, our findings insinuate that this technique holds potential clinical application value.
Lung microwave ablation: Post-procedure imaging features and evolution of pulmonary ground-glass nodule-like lung cancer
Authors: Xue Guoliang , Jia Wenjing , Wang Gang , Zeng Qingshi , Wang Nan , Li Zhichao , Cao Pikun , Hu Yanting , Xu Jie , Wei Zhigang , Ye Xin
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To retrospectively examine the imaging characteristics of chest-computed tomography (CT) following percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) of the ground-glass nodule (GGN)-like lung cancer and its dynamic evolution over time.

Materials and Methods:

From June 2020 to May 2021, 147 patients with 152 GGNs (51 pure GGNs and 101 mixed GGNs, mean size 15.0 ± 6.3 mm) were enrolled in this study. One hundred and forty-seven patients underwent MWA procedures. The imaging characteristics were evaluated at predetermined time intervals: immediately after the procedure, 24–48 h, 1, 3, 6, 12, and ≥18 months (47 GGNs).

Results:

This study population included 147 patients with 152 GGNs, as indicated by the results: 43.5% (66/152) adenocarcinoma in sit
u, 41.4% (63/152) minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and 15.1% (23/152) invasive adenocarcinoma. Immediate post-procedure tumor-level analysis revealed that the most common CT features were ground-glass opacities (93.4%, 142/152), hyperdensity within the nodule (90.7%, 138/152), and fried egg sign or reversed halo sign (46.7%, 71/152). Subsequently, 24–48 h post-procedure, ground-glass attenuations, hyperdensity, and the fried egg sign remained the most frequent CT findings, with incidence rates of 75.0% (114/152), 71.0% (108/152), and 54.0% (82/152), respectively. Cavitation, pleural thickening, and consolidation were less frequent findings. At 1 month after the procedure, consolidation of the ablation region was the most common imaging feature. From 3 to 12 months after the procedure, the most common imaging characteristics were consolidation, involutional parenchymal bands and pleural thickening. At ≥18 months after the procedure, imaging features of the ablation zone revealed three changes: involuting fibrosis (80.8%, 38/47), consolidation nodules (12.8%, 6/47), and disappearance (6.4%, 3/47).

Conclusions:

This study outlined the anticipated CT imaging characteristics of GGN-like lung cancer following MWA. Diagnostic and interventional radiologists should be familiar with the expected imaging characteristics and dynamic evolution post-MWA in order to interpret imaging changes with a reference image.
To explore patients’ perceptions about motivators and barriers of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV: A qualitative study
Authors: Gulati Sonia , Pandurangan Hariprasath , Gupta Pulin Kumar
Published: December 2023

Objective:

For people living with HIV (PLHIV), strict adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the key to effective treatment and retention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care. There are many factors which promote or halt the antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence practices. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the HAART adherence levels and to explore patients’ views about barriers and facilitators to HIV treatment adherence.

Methods:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 PLHIV at the ART clinic of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi. Interviews were audio-recorded in the local Hindi language, and bilingual experts (English and Hindi) transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data were coded for themes and subthemes and analyzed using a phenomenological approach as per thematic content analysis.

Results:

Feeling of hopelessness, delayed ART initiation, difficult initial phase of ART, forget to take ART on time, fear of disclosure of HIV diagnosis, lack of privacy and negative social support, and impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 were revealed as significant barriers to ART adherence. At the same time, commitment to raise and educate children, ART to increase life span, maintain oneself to be physically fit and healthy, only a single pill per day, very supportive counselors and health-care professionals, and hope to give birth to a healthy child were identified as facilitators of HIV retention.

Conclusion:

Understanding patient’s perception about ART adherence, its motivational and barrier factors which are directly affecting ART adherence and retention of PLHIV in HIV treatment and follow-ups are of utmost importance to improve ART adherence during HIV patient care services.
Fate of Iprobenfos and Tricyclazole at Paddy Cultivation Environment
Authors: Lee Hyosub , Jung Gunhee , Kim Hyanghee , Min Juhyeon , Kim Taekkyum
Published: December 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to identify the fate of iprobenfos and tricyclazole in the soil and paddy water during the rice cultivation process and to identify their exposure pathways into surface water.Methods : Both iprobenfos and tricyclazole were sprayed onto two sample sites following the pesticide safety usage guidelines. Residues in the samples. Soil, paddy water, and drainage water samples were collected for 28 days after post-application. Residues were subsequently analyzed using LC-MS/MS.Results and Discussion : The fate of the two pesticides, iprobenfos and tricyclazole, in the rice cultivation environment was influenced by factors such as soil half-life, Koc, water solubility, formulation, and precipitation patterns. Initial concentrations of iprobenfos and tricyclazole in the paddy field near the drainage were 5,774 μg/L and 307 μg/L, respectively, while concentrations in the drain water were 1,850 μg/L and 182 μg/L. Four days after application, the residual concentrations of iprobenfos and tricyclazole in both paddy and drain water ranged from N.D. (Not Detected) to 5.6 μg/L and N.D. to 56 μg/L, respectively, indicating a rapid decline. During the experimental period, the average concentration reduction ratios in drain water near the drainage compared to the drain water were higher for tricyclazole (90%) than for iprobenfos (52%).Conclusion : The soil and water half-life of tricyclazole exceeded that of iprobenfos, leading to a slower rate of concentration reduction. The lower Koc value for tricyclazole suggests enhanced soil desorption due to rainfall, increasing its concentration in paddy fields. The presence of iprobenfos and tricyclazole in surface water is likely due to dispersion during pesticide application. While concentrations diminish owing to the dilution effect when water moves from paddy fields to surface water, it's posited that runoff could affect nearby stream water within seven days post-application.
Assessing the Impact of Temporal Resolution Using BSM1 on the Performance of Machine Learning
Authors: O Wonki , Ki SeoJin , Triolo Jin Mi , Shin Seung Gu
Published: December 2023

Objectives : This study aims to establish efficient strategies for data-driven operational management by examining the variations in machine learning modeling outcomes and data characteristics based on data acquisition intervals and methods.Methods : The BSM1 was used to simulate wastewater treatment facilities and to generate influent and effluent water quality data at 15-minute intervals. The generated data was processed by volume reduction through down sampling and data characteristic observation via resampling techniques, including up sampling through interpolation. Subsequently, the study involved a comparative analysis of the performance of 30 machine learning models built with the down sampled data.Results and Discussion : As data acquisition interval increased (i.e., down sampling progressed), R2 decreased and RMSE increased. When using the mean value as a representation, data accuracy was high, and error loss was minimal. Utilizing the maximum value as a representation helped maintain data characteristics and reduce information loss. Simple interpolation methods did not yield improved data accuracy. Furthermore, with wider data acquisition intervals, the practical predictive performance of machine learning models decreased, and the models experienced a sharp decline in performance when data became insufficient.Conclusion : For models requiring the ability to detect changes rather than accuracy, utilizing the maximum value over a specific period proves to be effective. The measurement interval of data emerges as a significant factor affecting the performance of machine learning models, with models developed under different measurement intervals often failing to demonstrate the expected performance. In this study, we have implemented all stages of data preprocessing, classification, training, and validation using LabVIEW, confirming the potential for integrating data analysis processes into LabVIEW, a widely used platform in the fields of control and measurement.
Development and Impact of the Use of Slang on Instagram Social Media on Teenagers and Society: Case Study of Indonesian in the Digital Era
Authors: Saputra Renda Sandi , Salih Yasir
Published: December 2023

The use of slang in Instagram social media among teenagers has become a significant phenomenon. This article investigates the factors that influence the use of slang and its impact on adolescents. The results of the study show that the development of the times, the influence of the internet and electronic media have contributed to the spread of slang. The impact of using slang includes expression of positive identity and more intimate communication, but also includes the potential for decreased interest in good and correct Indonesian, ambiguity in official vocabulary, and negative use. In this digital era, it is important to understand the consequences of using slang on social media and how education and awareness about proper language can help young people overcome this challenge.
Trebinjski Kapičići, ljudi Ostoje Poznanovića / I Kapičić di Trebinje, gente di Ostoja Poznanović
Authors: Kurtović Esad
Published: December 2023

The bearers of the surname Kapičić in the Trebinje area can be followed for a whole century in three generations (1417-1525). Preserved sources represent them for a long time as road robbers operating in the northeastern area of Trebinje, controlling the Bosnian (Drina) and Nikšić roads. At the beginning of the 16th century, they participated in credit trade as debtors and were engaged in the transportation of goods from Dubrovnik to Novi Pazar, Kruševac, Niš and Sofia. The Kapičići are the people of Trebinje lord Ostoja Poznanović. The first generation is represented by Dobro (1417-1426), Dobrilo (1417-1434), Ljubiša (1421-1444), Obrad (1434) and probably Radat Kapičić (+1421). Through three generations, the family line of Dobril Kapičić is best known.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF HARMONIZATION OF GEORGIAN CUSTOMS LEGISLATION WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Meladze Aleko
Published: December 2023

Aleko Meladze

E-mail: aleko.meladze@bsu.edu.ge

PhD Students,Batumi Shota Rustaveli state University

Batumi, Georgia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-2371

 

Abstract: The article discusses some current issues of the customs system and customs policy of Georgia, which are based on its historical excursion. The paper aims to study such important aspects of the implementation of the customs policy in Georgia, which serve to deal with the modern challenges of protecting the domestic market from foreign goods competition and stimulating exporters, for which the issues of harmonizing the customs system and customs legislation of Georgia with the customs system and customs legislation of the European Union are very important. Since the day of gaining independence, Georgia has recognized the European course of economic development, and accordingly, the main vectors of the formation of the customs system, customs policy and customs legislation were implemented taking into account the experience of the EU countries. The formation of the customs system is a difficult and complex process, for which the development of a perfect legal framework regulating the customs system has a special role. The goal of harmonizing Georgia's customs legislation with the European Union is based on real economic results. The study of the current situation and the analysis of statistical data reveal that the measures implemented for the approximation of the customs legislation with the European Union do not bring results. The reason for saying this is provided by the statistical data on the current state of trade relations between Georgia and the EU countries presented in the paper and the dynamics of the last period, according to which no positive trends in this direction can be observed. The paper offers recommendations and proposals that, along with the changes in legal norms, will contribute to the deepening of trade relations with the European Union and the strengthening of economic ties.
GEORGIA IN THE PLANS OF GERMANY AND ITS ALLIES AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE WORLD WAR I (MILITARY OPERATIONS ON THE TRANSCAUCASUS FRONT)
Authors: Zosidze Nugzar
Published: December 2023

Nugzar zosidze

E-mail: n.zosidze@bsu.edu.ge

Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University

Batumi, Georgia

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-3365

 

Abstract. In the early twentieth century, two large opposing hostile coalitions have formed in Europe: Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.

The Triple Alliance initially included: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. After the start of the World War I, the latter withdrew from the bloc, but Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined it, thus forming the Quadruple Alliance. The countries included in it demanded a "place under the sun" and assumed to take the colonies from the Entente countries through war. 

The core of the "Entente" consisted of the world's largest colonial empires of that time - Great Britain, France and Russia. It was between these two imperialist groups that the World War I of 1914-1918 broke out, involving thirty-eight states from different continents.

The war was imperialistic, unjust and conquering on both sides, resulting in the deaths and maiming of millions of people, destruction and extermination on a grand scale.

Germany and its allies had significant plans for Transcaucasia and the expulsion of Russia from there. This unity of these interests largely led to the Ottoman Empire joining the Alliance, following the 1908 Young Turk Revolution. After the Revolution, three leaders distinctively stood out in the political life of the Ottoman Empire: Enver Pasha, Military Minister and and de facto dictator of the Ottoman Empire; Talaat Pasha, Minister of Internal Affairs; and Ahmed Djemal Pasha, Minister of Marine. Those three were obviously prone to Germanophilism.

Young Turks, in their attempts to find ways for quickly reorganizing their army defeated in the Balkan wars, looked at Germany with hope. That is why they happily met Germany's proposal to send a military mission to the Ottoman empire, which was received. On 8 October 1913, an agreement was signed between Germany and the Ottoman Empire, which gave the Sanders military mission extensive rights (M.Larcher, La guerre Turque dans  la guerre mondiale: 609-610).

The German military mission undertook considerable work in the Ottoman Empire prior to the war. The members of the mission had responsible positions in the local general staff, border corps and fortifications. The history of the period in question became especially relevant from the beginning of the 50s of the twentieth century. However, many details and features of these liasons have not yet been fully investigated, comprehensively studied and scientifically substantiated.
Recep İvedik, Yerel ve Otantik: Lümpenliğin Kamusal Dili
Authors: AKER Hacer
Published: December 2023

Recep İvedik film serisinin, birbirini takip eden her filmde sürekli artan izlenme oranlarıyla karakterize edilmesi, Türk toplumunda bulduğu karşılık anlamında önemlidir. İvedik, filmlerde tasvir edildiği şekliyle insan bedenine ilişkin geleneksel normlara meydan okur; bedene ilişkin inşa edilen tüm kalıpları kırarak bir kaçış çizgisi yaratır. Majör olan tarafından sunulan güzellik kodlarını yersizyurtsuzlaştırarak, göçebeleştirir. Söz konusu bağlam, Tombulların Belirişi (2012) adlı yazında ortaya konulduğu üzere dönemin birçok tiplemesinde gözlemleyebileceğimiz önemli bir görüngüdür. Öte yandan İvedik, “Şaban” tiplemesi için kullanılan “bir halk kahramanı” temasını kullanır ancak Şaban’dan farklıdır. Gizli senaryosu yoktur İvedik’in. Taktiklerle de ilerlemez. Strateji geliştirir, senaryosunu kamusala sunar ve sokak siyasetini daha çok “sesli tecavüzler” üzerinden yürütür. İnsanın içindeki “hayvan”a odaklandığını söyler karakterin yaratıcısı. “Ben herkesin içindeki o hayvanım” der. Grotesk unsurlarla yarattığı karakterle Recep İvedik, ele aldığı her durumu itibarsızlaşarak, şeklini ve asaletini kaybettirir. Recep İvedik filmlerinin barındırdığı temsiller günümüz Türkiye’sinin fikirleri, inançları ve değerleri hakkında önemli göstergeler olmuşlardır. Recep İvedik filmlerinde, kimlik ve kültüre dair kaygıların arttığı günümüzde, kültürel kimliğe, gelenekselliğe yapılan vurgu ön plandadır. İvedik, yerel olan üzerinden lümpen bir dil yaratarak, majör olanı sarsmak, yerinden oynatmak ister gibidir. Bu çerçeveleme ekseninde günümüz Türkiye’si ve Türk komedi sinemasında yoksul-madunun gündelik direniş pratikleri, “Recep İvedik”, Yerel ve Otantik: Lümpenliğin Kamusal Dili başlığı altında örnekleme dahil edilen filmlerin metaforik ve metonimik bir okumaya tabi tutulmasıyla anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Synthesis and Characterization of Phase Change Microcapsules Containing Nano-Graphite
Authors: Yeng-Fong Shih  , Hong-Hao Chen
Published: December 2023

This study uses the sol-gel method to modify the phase change microcapsules. The phase change material (PCM) is encapsulated by a polymer shell to reduce the leakage in the solid-liquid transition. Furthermore, the nano-graphite particle (NGP) is introduced into the shell to increase its thermal conductivity. The particle size and enthalpy value of the obtained microcapsules are approximately 3 μm and 150.3 J/g, respectively. The results show that the encapsulation efficiency of PCM in the prepared microcapsules is increased and the crystallization rate of PCM becomes faster when the NGP is added. The obtained microcapsules and wood flour are incorporated into high-density polyethylene (HDPE) to form a wood-plastic composite (WPC). The results indicate that the tensile and impact strengths of the WPC are 24.1 MPa and 48.7 J/m, respectively. Moreover, it is observed that the addition of these phase-change microcapsules can improve the heat dissipation of HDPE and accelerate the speed of thermal diffusion.
The Prediction of Low-Rise Building Construction Cost Estimation Using Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Kittisak Lathong  , Kittipol Wisaeng
Published: December 2023

This study aims to predict the possibility of low-rise building construction costs by applying machine learning models, and the performance of each model is evaluated and compared with ensemble methods. The artificial neural network (ANN) emerges as the top-performing individual model, attaining an accuracy of 0.891, while multiple linear regression and decision trees follow closely with accuracies of 0.884 and 0.864 respectively. Ensemble methods like maximum voting ensemble (MVE) improve the accuracy beyond individual models with an impressive accuracy rate of 0.924. Meanwhile, the stacking ensemble and averaging ensemble also demonstrate competitive performance with accuracies of 0.883 and 0.871, respectively. These findings can result in more informed decision-making, which is valuable for the real estate industry.
Mreža aktera ruralnog turizma
Authors: Pavlović Damir
Published: December 2023

Svrha/Cilj: Cilj ovog rada jest pribaviti kritičku analizu koncepta upravljanja turizmom ruralnog područja u Hrvatskoj, ističući neke kritične točke i logičke nekonzistentnosti. Slijedom toga, provedbom istraživanja na konkretnoj studiji slučaja jedne dominantno ruralne regije, odnosno, sveobuhvatnom analizom društvenih mreža dionika, pokazati nesrazmjer u doprinosu tih dionika u turističkim aktivnostima i procesima u odnosu na njihovu participaciju u ukupnom destinacijskom odlučivanju. Ovime bi se mogla potaknuti pitanja reinženjeringa destinacijskog upravljačkog sustava u cjelini, praćenog odgovarajućim zakonskim i statutarnim odrednicama. Dizajn/Metodologija/Pristup: Istraživanje je temeljeno na dvjema teorijskim osnovama: teoriji društvene mreže i teoriji društvene razmjene. Metodom tzv.lančanog referalnog upućivanja kroz anketu prikupili su se podaci o topološkoj strukturi dvije relevantne mreže dionika: cjelovite destinacijske mreže i submreže dionika/dobavljača u ruralnom turizmu (u ovom radu pod radnim nazivom – ruralna submreža). Sveobuhvatna analiza dobivenih mreža rezultirala je relevantnim parametrima centralnosti (topološkim pozicijama) aktera u njima, na osnovi kojih je bila moguća provedba korelacijske analize dviju promatranih mreža, čiji su rezultati u konačnici adekvatno interpretirani, vodeći rezolutnim zaključcima. Rezultati: Rezultati analize govore da akteri ruralnog turizma nisu razmjerno zastupljeni u participaciji odlučivanja kod donošenja najvažnijih odluka u destinaciji u odnosu na njihovu topološku poziciju, odnosno sudjelovanje u operativnim turističkim procesima. Takva neusklađenost upućuje, između ostalog, na neophodnost razmatranja uvođenja novog, prilagodljivijeg institucionalnog i organizacijskog sustava u upravljanju ovakvim tipom destinacije. Originalnost/Vrijednost: Uz relativno rijetko korištenu metodologiju, koja je primijenjena u ovom radu na specifičnom kvalitativnom uzorku, rezultati istraživanja pokazali su mogući način pronalaženja alata i pristupa u institucionalnom restrukturiranju za učinkovito upravljanje turističkom destinacijom.
Etički kodeks u državnoj upravi Republike Hrvatske
Authors: Ilić Mladen , Zoretić Gordana
Published: December 2023

Percepcija je javnosti da su državni službenici neučinkoviti, spori i korumpirani, što je teško pobiti. Poznato je da borba protiv korupcije podrazumijeva upotrebu represivnih sredstava, ali i prevenciju. Jedan je od alata prevencije korupcije donošenje i primjena Etičkih kodeksa u tijelima državne uprave, ali jednako tako u jedinicama lokalne i regionalne samouprave i općenito javnom sektoru. U svim državnim tijelima imenovani su povjerenici za etiku. Povjerenici prate primjenu Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika, promiču etičko ponašanje u međusobnim odnosima službenika te odnosima službenika prema građanima, zaprimaju pritužbe na neetično ponašanje i postupanje službenika, provode postupak ispitivanja osnovanosti pritužbi te vode evidenciju o zaprimljenim pritužbama. U radu su korišteni materijali objavljeni na mrežnim stranicama Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave. Rad daje odgovore na dva pitanja: 1. Je li primjenom Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika smanjen broj pritužbi na rad i ponašanje državnih službenika u promatranom razdoblju, od 2018. do 2022. godine? 2. Je li u razdoblju od 2018. do 2022. godine povećan ili smanjen broj kazni za neetično ponašanje?
Upravljanje poslovnim aspektima engleske Premier lige
Authors: Markuz Ana , Šepac Fran , Miklošević Ivana
Published: December 2023

Nogomet je, kao i ostatak sportske industrije, u suvremenom svijetu iznimno unosan posao. Svi sportski klubovi imaju dvije osnovne zadaće koje žele ispunjavati iz sezone u sezonu: ostvarivanje sportskih uspjeha i financijskih rezultata. U jednoj od najrazvijenijih sportskih liga na svijetu, engleskoj Premier ligi, za sportske uspjehe brinu se igrači i treneri, koji funkcioniraju na operativnoj razini, a za financijske rezultate zaduženi su klupski menadžeri i direktori. Cilj je ovog rada ispitati koji poslovni aspekti Premier lige doprinose njezinoj globalnoj uspješnosti i prepoznatljivosti, odnosno kako specifični oblici sportskog menadžmenta oblikuju ligu i utječu na njezin razvoj. Metoda je istraživanja analiza primarnih izvora dostupnih na internetu, a obuhvaćena su službena izvješća vezana za Premier ligu i analize stručnih novinara koji je prate. Analizom su obuhvaćeni sljedeći aspekti: vlasnička struktura klubova, sponzorski ugovori i prava prijenosa te uloga sportskih direktora i nogomentnih agenata. Rezultati analize upućuje na zaključak da investicije jamče razvoj i uspjeh klubova ako se financijska sredstva ulažu racionalno i sukladno viziji stručnog stožera kluba. Autori također daju preporuke za daljnja istraživanja koja uključuju sportske novinare te u središte interesa stavljaju socioekonomske implikacije popularnih sportskih natjecanja
Ključne digitalne kompetencije policijskih službenika potrebne u vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID-19
Authors: Radić Ivana
Published: December 2023

Cilj je ovoga rada identificirati digitalne kompetencije koje su u vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID-19 bile potrebne policijskim službenicima koji po naravi posla najviše komuniciraju s građanima, a to su djelatnici temeljne policije, kriminalističke policije koji rade na poslovima općeg kriminaliteta i kontakt-policije. Rad se sastoji od dva dijela: nakon pregleda relevantnih inozemnih primjera pokušaja regulacije digitalnih kompetencija policije slijedi prikaz kvalitativnog istraživanja provedenog u Hrvatskoj. Tijekom prosinca 2022. godine i siječnja 2023. godine održane su četiri fokusne skupine s deset sudionika istraživanja u svakoj skupini, odnosno tri u Policijskoj upravi osječko-baranjskoj i jedna u Policijskoj upravi požeško-slavonskoj. Rezultati polustrukturiranog intervjua pokazuju da su policijskim službenicima potrebne dvije kategorije digitalnih kompetencija koje bi se mogle operacionalizirati kao temeljna digitalna pismenost i osnovna kibernetička sigurnost, a na temelju uvodno prezentiranog i relevantnog primjera dobre prakse razvoja standarda digitalnih kompetencija policije. Glavno je ograničenje ovoga istraživanja da je ono provedeno samo u jednom dijelu Hrvatske. Iz toga proizlaze perspektive budućih istraživanja u smjeru ponavljanja istog istraživanja s policijskim službenicima u drugim policijskim upravama u Hrvatskoj. Tako bi se stekla potpunija slika potreba za digitalnim kompetencijama policijskih službenika u vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID-19.
Utjecaj agresije na Ukrajinu na globalnu opskrbu žitaricama
Authors: Merkaš Zvonko , Merkaš Marija
Published: December 2023

Agresija na Ukrajinu snažno utječe na izvoz žitarica i posljedično izaziva značajan poremećaj u opskrbi hranom. U radu se analizira utjecaj rata na globalnu sigurnost opskrbe žitaricama te se istražuju uzroci i posljedice snažnog poremećaja na globalnom tržištu hrane. Predmet je istraživanja trend značajnog rasta cijena i nesigurnosti opskrbe hranom. Cilj je rada analizirati situaciju i perspektive geostrateškog položaja jedne od najvećih izvoznica žitarica u svijetu, odnosno istražiti i analizirati u kojoj mjeri onemogućavanje opskrbe žitaricama onih država koje izravno ovise o uvozu žita iz Ukrajine utječe na izvoz i uvoz žitarica u ostatku svijeta. Istraživanje je provedeno usporedbom dostupnih sekundarnih podataka prije i nakon agresije. U radu se odgovara na istraživačka pitanja: U kojoj mjeri agresija na Ukrajinu utječe na izvoz žitarica iz te zemlje?; U kojoj je mjeri narušena sigurnost opskrbe hranom u svijetu uzrokovana agresijom na Ukrajinu?; Koje su posljedice rata za države uvoznice žitarica, odnosno u kojoj je mjeri agresija utjecala na cijenu hrane u svijetu? Rezultati kvantitativnog istraživanja omogućuju projekciju posljedica rata u državama uvoznicama žitarica.
Jačanje tržišne pozicije kontinentalnog turizma konkurentnošću i održivošću
Authors: Guzovski Marina , Genzić Jasna , Pavlak Ines
Published: December 2023

Državama članicama Europske unije omogućeno je korištenje 1,824 milijarde eura temeljem nacionalnih planova za oporavak i otpornost u svrhu ubrzanog gospodarskog oporavka i ublažavanja posljedica pandemije te financiranja programa digitalne i zelene transformacije, održivog razvoja i jačanja otpornosti na buduće krize. Hrvatska je u srpnju 2021. godine usvojila „Nacionalni plan oporavka i otpornosti” za razdoblje od 2021. do 2026. godine temeljen na strateškim dokumentima, programima i preporukama. U sektoru turizma potpore su usmjerene na podizanje konkurentnosti ulaganjem u povećanje standarda i stvaranjem proizvoda visoke vrijednosti te kvalitetom dodatne ponude smještajnih kapaciteta u smjeru održivog, inovativnog, otpornog i konkurentnog turizma. U radu su analizirane mjere jačanja konkurentne pozicije u području kontinentalnog turizma na primjeru hotela u Bjelovarsko-bilogorskoj županiji.
Razvoj ljudskih potencijala kao jamstvo uspjeha projekta grada Dubrovnika „Respect the city”
Authors: Perić Milan
Published: December 2023

Dubrovnik se kao jedno od najprepoznatljivijih turističkih odredišta na Mediteranu i šire ponosi jedinstvenom kulturnom i prirodnom baštinom. Iza ljepote ovog grada i uspjeha turističke destinacije stoje ljudi koji su ključni za njegov održivi razvoj. U ovom se stručnom radu analizira važnost domicilnog stanovništva kao srži destinacije i njihove uloge u očuvanju dubrovačke kulturne i prirodne baštine te osmišljavanju i implementiranju programa održivog turizma. Integriranim pristupom koji uključuje znanost, obrazovanje i praksu u članku se analizira kako stručnjaci oblikuju sudbinu Dubrovnika kao održivog odredišta te kakva će biti njihova uloga u budućnosti.
Teorija primarne inteligencije (TPI) i ubojiti autonomni vojni sustav (LAWS)
Authors: Nakić Mladen , Čulina Valentina
Published: December 2023

Umjetna inteligencija (UI) neizbježan je proizvod razvoja tehnologija 21. stoljeća i stoga predstavlja kontinuitet dosadašnjeg tehnološkog napretka. Međutim, UI je ujedno i transformativna tehnologija s neograničenim potencijalom daljnjeg razvoja u različitim područjima znanosti, pa time i u svakodnevnom životu. Upotreba UI-ja u vojne svrhe poput LAWS-a otvara nove dileme, pa se postavljaju ključna pitanja: možemo li proizvesti takvu umjetnu inteligenciju koja s vremenom može postati ne samo replika nas samih kao ljudskih bića već i nešto više, te što to znači za našu sigurnost? Ako je UI u stanju reproducirati kognitivna svojstva čovjeka, nije li samo pitanje bliže budućnosti kada će strojevi donositi odluke umjesto čovjeka? U nekim područjima to i nije novost. Pametna računala i njihove razvijene programske podrške (softveri) već donose odluke, ali još uvijek uz pomoć čovjeka koji ih opskrbljuje neophodnim podatcima, pa govorimo o UI-u 20. stoljeća (UI-20). UI 21. stoljeća (UI-21) treba sve manje ljudskog „uplitanja“. U radu se definira teorija primarne inteligencije (TPI) kao izvorni i do sada neobjavljeni znanstveni koncept o primarnoj poziciji čovjeka u odnosu na umjetnu inteligenciju 21. stoljeća. Teorija polazi od nezaustavljivog tehnološkog razvoja i etičke dimenzije problema upotrebe UI-21.
Utjecaj primjene individualnih razvojnih planova karijere na zadovoljstvo zaposlenika u malim i srednjim poduzećima
Authors: Rudančić Andreja , Hajduković Helena , Hajdaš Dončić Siniša
Published: December 2023

Predmet je ovog rada konzistentno utvrditi i objasniti sve relevantne teorijske značajke i činitelje vezane za mogućnosti razvoja karijera unutar malih i srednjih poduzeća primjenom individualnih razvojnih planova u Republici Hrvatskoj te ispitati zadovoljstvo zaposlenika upotrebom tih planova na primjeru društvenog poduzeća osnovanog za pružanje usluga podrške građanima u razvoju, upotrebi i ulaganju u obnovljive izvore energije. Individualni razvojni planovi omogućuju zaposlenicima poticaj u ostvarenju njihovih ciljeva u karijeri, a uz to i organizacijskih ciljeva u poduzeću u kojem posluju. Istraživanje osnovnog cilja rada provedeno je empirijskim istraživanjem pomoću upitnika Google Forms na odabranom poduzeću, odnosno anketirani su zaposlenici navedenog poduzeća. Empirijski dio istraživanja rada bio je usmjeren na analizu i prikaz povezanosti zadovoljstva zaposlenika nakon primjene individualnih razvojnih planova na njihov osobni i profesionalni razvoj unutar poduzeća. Rezultati empirijskog istraživanja pokazuju da su, bez obzira na činjenicu da poduzeće prvi put u svomu poslovanju primjenjuje individualne razvojne planove, zaposlenici zadovoljni provedenim i smatraju to važnim korakom za svoj daljnji razvoj unutar poduzeća (engl. employer branding), ali i za razvoj poduzeća kao cjeline.