bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of Tourism Festival Activities Impact on Water Environment in Dongping Forest Park Based on the Grey Relational Recognition Model
Authors: Liu Shi Dong , Gao Jun , Xue Dong Qian
Published: August 2013

This paper takes Shanghai Chongming Dongping Forest Park as the studying area; and takes the water environment in park which has the most intensive tourism activities as the research objects; selects the grey relational recognition model to analyze the temporal variation of the water environment before and after the Dongping Forest Festival, and uses PCA ordination with the ecological software CANOCO to analyze the spatial variation of water quality, so as to evaluate the impact of human tourism activities on water environment in temporal and spatial scale. The results show that: (1) the impact of agglomeration effect during the tourism festival on water environment is very obvious; the large number of tourists greatly affects the water environment near the Farmhouse Restaurant during the festival, causing substantial change of all kinds of indexes of water quality, and short-term rapid deterioration of water quality; (2) It seems from the analysis on monitoring results that after a large number of tourism activities, the self-purification capacity of water has improved, the ecological recreation activities (such as artificial ship) can effectively reduce the impact of tourism activities on the environment; it should be advocated energetically in the development and management of tourism resources; (3) From the spatial variation analysis of water quality, main pollutants of each water area can be determined through PCA ordination, the waters show three groups of feature type distribution: Group 1 (Farmhouse Restaurant, Background2, Fishing area) shows that the content of COD and the pollutants of organic increased; Group 2 (Background1) shows that the content of TN and the pollutants of organic increased; Group 3 (Barbecue area, Cruise area, Around waterway, Viewing area ) shows that the content of TN increased but the TP decreased.
A Comparative Study on the Analysis Methods for Chlorophyll-a
Authors: Peng Fei , Liu Shi Bo , Xu Hai Yan , Li Zhi Qun
Published: August 2013

This paper investigated three chlorophyll-a analysis methods in water sample. The UV-VIS spectrophotometry method followed SL88-2012 standard procedure, the results showed the detection limit of chlorophyll-a was 0.22 μg/L, with the lower detection limit of 1.0 μg/L. The detection range of the vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence method was 0.1-300μg/L, the ratios of different algae matched that prepared in water samples. The detection limits and quantification limits for HPLC by using UVD and FLD were respectively 0.013 and 0.004 μg/L, 0.040 and 0.013μg/L. FLD was more sensitive than UVD for chlorophyll-a analysis, and the recovery of standard addition was in the range of 90.2% to 103.9% with UVD and FLD. Given the different pretreatment procedures of the sample, equipment conditions, correction and precision, vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence method was the best on-site monitoring and the emergency monitoring method. Spectrophotometer was suitable for routine laboratory determination of chlorophyll-a, especially for bulk water samples. HPLC method had high precision and sensitivity, so this method applied to the determination of exact requirements, microanalysis and pigment separation.
An Empirical Analysis on Regional Differences in Pollutants Discharge Reduction and Environmental Investment: Based on Data of Chinese Thirty Major Cities
Authors: Xue Mei Lin , Wang Kai Ke
Published: August 2013

In recent years, environment renovation has caused the extensive concern of the government and the public. All parts of the country have introduced corresponding policies and driving measures of environmental management, and a series of relevant work has been carried out environmental protection investment and pollution treatment. Our concern is the effect of the work. The article chose data of environmental management investment and exhaust gas and waste water discharge amount of Chinese thirty major cities to analysis the regional differences in pollutants discharge reduction and environmental investment. Our results showed that analysis on no matter a national or a regional basis both indicated environmental investment had a positive impact on pollutants discharge reduction.
Analysis of Energy Consumption and GHG Emission in Biodiesel (B100) Production: A Case Study of Oil Palm Plantation, Crushing Mill and Biodiesel Plant in Thailand
Authors: Sangsaard Aroonsuk , Vivanpatarakij Supawat
Published: August 2013

The biodiesel (B100) production starting from the plantation, crushing mill and biodiesel plant can generate high amount of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission which is harmful to the global environment. To reduce the GHG emission, an efficient managing strategy of the entire production process must be introduced. This paper presents a case study of the GHG emission analysis in Trang, Krabi and Chumporn province in 2013. The entire year data of each activity such as amount of energy, fertilizer and herbicides used, main product, residues produced in oil palm plantation, milling and biodiesel plant were analyzed and calculated by the basis of Gate to Gate. The result shows that the production process in the plantation generates the GHG emission of-0.54 ton CO2-eq /ton FFB while the GHG emitted from the crushing mill is at-2.89 ton CO2-eq /ton RPO and from the biodiesel plant is at-2.30 kg CO2-eq /liter B100.These calculated values show that the biodiesel production can alleviate the greenhouse effect. If the bio solid residues are used as a mixture for fertilizer and the wastewater is used to produce the biogas to generate electricity, the GHG emission can then be reduced.
Analysis on Factors which Impacted Environmental Pollution in Food-Related Industries
Authors: Xiang Zheng , Wu Shi Lei , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2013

The food-related industries important influence on the environment and the factors which caused food-related industriesenvironmental pollution was investigated by using the food-related industry data. The results showed that the variables measuring the quantities and structures of food consumption have an important influence on carbon dioxides discharge. In addition, the scale of economics and environmental control variables have the biggest influence. We can lead peoples food consumption structure to the environmentally friendly structure and strengthen the environmental control, then control the environmental pollution of the food industry effectively.
Hollow Fiber Liquid Phase Microextraction as an Advantageous Approach for Preconcentraton of Malachite Green in Environmental Water
Authors: Chang Zhen , Zhou Kai , Yang Liu Qing , Wu Xiang Yang , Zhang Zhen
Published: August 2013

A two-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) by coupling with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to analyze malachite green (MG) in environmental water. In this method, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MI[PF6]) was selected as extraction agent, and several parameters (sample pH, salinity, extraction time, shaking rate, volume of donor phase) that could affect extraction performance were investigated. Under the optimal extraction conditions (sample pH, 5; salinity, 4% sodium chloride; extraction time, 6 h; shaking rate, 200 rpm; volume of donor phase, 200 mL), the established method showed excellent characters as: high enrichment factor (1193), wide linear range (0.2-100 μg L-1), low detection limit (0.1 μg L-1), good reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD 8.4%, n= 5) and satisfactory recovery (102.8%, n= 5). The approach was applied in real water samples analysis, which indicated that it has great potentials for rapidly monitoring low concentration of MG in environmental waters.
Study and Application on Detection of Groundwater Water Quality On-Line Monitoring Index
Authors: Wang Yi Fan , Zhang Yong Xiang , Hu Xiao , Gao Wei Chun
Published: August 2013

Due to the geological, hydrogeological feature along the main canal and construction characteristics of the inner drainage section engineering in the south-to-north water transfer project, pollutants might enter into the main canal with the groundwater, which may cause the main canal water quality risk. This study confirmed the rationality of the sensor research and guarantees the stability and accuracy of the groundwater detection based on the contrast of accuracy on the index of and comparison between groundwater sensor inspection and lab analysis data. For demonstration field monitoring at the same time, the running data was stable. Setting up demonstration project lays a solid foundation for building the key technology that is suitable for the water conveyance project of major water pollution control and water quality security system.
Study on the Characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa Chlorophyll Fluorescence Responding on the Toxicity of HgCl2
Authors: Cui Jian Sheng , Xu Xiao Hui , Cheng Yu Xin
Published: August 2013

Chlorophyll fluorescence is a quick, precise, non-invasive technique which has been widely used in studies of photosynthesis in micro algae, particularly for investigations of stress physiology of micro algae. The toxicity of heavy metal Hg2+on algaM. aeruginosawas studied by the change in fluorescence intensity ofM. aeruginosaat 435 nm/680 nm which treaded with different Hg2+concentrations for 25 min. The results showed that high concentrations of Hg2+inhibited the photosynthesis ofM. aeruginosa, while a low concentration (0.0005 mg/L) of Hg2+promoted photosynthesis. When Hg2+level range from 0.001 mg/L to 0.500 mg/L, it had significant inhibition effects on photosynthesis ofM. aeruginosa. The chlorophyll fluorescence intensity increased with the concentration of Hg2+(0.001~0.400 mg/L), even the concentration of Hg2+and algal photosynthetic signal had a significant positive correlation, r=0.983 3.
Ultrasonic Wave Extraction and Simultaneous Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Esters in Soil
Authors: Zhang Yong Tao , Zhao Guo Xing , Zhang Li , Li Xiao Ya , Gui Jian Ye , Zhang Chen Ling
Published: August 2013

A method was developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) in soil sample. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstance was adopted to extract the analyte in soil sample with n-hexane acetone (V:V=1:1) to be extraction solvent. This method has advantages of high efficiency extraction, short time, convenience and simplicity, which can be popularized in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) detection in soil.
Occurrence, Distribution, and Assessment of Heavy Metals in Roadside Dusts in Universities in Beijing, China
Authors: Gao Bo , Zhou Huai Dong , Gao Ji Jun , Hao Hong
Published: August 2013

A detailed study was conducted to determine the current statues of the heavy metals in roadside dusts collected from universities in Beijing, China. Twelve universities were selected and analyzed to determine the occurrence, distribution, and assessment of heavy metals in roadside dusts. The results showed that Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb exhibited higher metal concentrations than the local soil background values, indicating that the pollution may come from anthropogenic input. The assessment by Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) indicates that Cr and Ni are at the unpolluted level, Cu and Zn at the slightly polluted level, Cd and Pb at the moderately contaminated. The pollution level was in the following order: Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Phytoplankton-Fish System with the Allee Effect and Harvest Effect
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei , Zhao Min
Published: August 2013

In this paper, spatiotemporal dynamics of a phytoplankton-fish system with the Allee effect and harvest effect are investigated mathematically and numerically. Mathematical theoretical works have been pursued for the investigation of the stability of the equilibrium point of the phytoplankton-fish system with the Allee effect and harvest effect, which in turn provide a theoretical basic for the numerical simulation. Numerical analysis works indicate that Allee effect and harvest effect have a strong effect on the spatiotemporal dynamics of the phytoplankton-fish system using pattern formation. These results may help us to better understand phytoplankton-fish interactions.
Studies on the Hydrodynamic Diameter and Aggregation Number of Nonionic Switchable Surfactant
Authors: Li Guang , Tian Sen Lin , Long Jian , Niu Yan Hua , Zhan Shu Jiao
Published: August 2013

An Investigation of the micelle aggregation number (N) and hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) is conducted on nonionic switchable surfactant 11-ferrocenylundecyl polyoxyethylene ether (FPEG), the micelle aggregation number of FPEG solution is determined by steady-state fluorescence probe, the results show that the micelle aggregation number (N) increase linearly with the concentration range from 5 to 12 times CMC of FPEG solutions. The critical micelle aggregation number Nmwhich means that the aggregation number of surfactant at the concentration of CMC is calculated to be 66. The hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of FPEG micelle is determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), the measurement angle is fixed at 90°and the wavelength is 532nm, the distribution data analyses by NNLS (non-negatively constrained least square) algorithm, the results reveal that the mean value of Dhat the concentration of 0.5 mmolL-1is 7.8nm. the POLY value, which used to explain the micelle polydispersity in the aqueous solution, is measured and the results show that the POLY values are slightly different, this indicates that the micelle aggregation morphology of FPEG is polydispersity in the aqueous solution.
Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater by Biochar Adsorption
Authors: Zhang Tao , Li Ping , Fang Ci , Jiang Rong Feng , Wu Shu Biao , Nie Hai Yu
Published: August 2013

Ammonium nitrogen pollution is a key factor related to water eutrophication. In our works, biochar adsorption for ammonium nitrogen removal from wastewater has been investigated. Transmission Electron Microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was performed to characterize the prepared biochar. The optimal solution pH, and coexisting ions effect for ammonium nitrogen removal from wastewater was examined. Surface characterization demonstrated the obtained biochar was coarse, unshaped, irregular, and contained a great deal of carbon. With an increase in solution pH, biochar adsorption amount of ammonium nitrogen was decrease. With an increase in coexisting ions concentration, biochar adsorption amount of ammonium nitrogen was decrease.
Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium Polluted Ground Water by PRB
Authors: Meng Fan Sheng , Wang Ye Yao
Published: August 2013

The zero-valent iron (Fe0) and the activated carbon were used as reaction mediums, the reactivity characteristics and removal effect of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) contaminated ground water using Fe0/AC-PRB were investigated. The results showed that AC adsorbed Cr (VI) under the pH conditions of influent, and Cr (VI) was removed. Also, the chromium could be deoxidized by zero-valent iron effectively, when simulated groundwater containing 10mg/L hexavalent chromium was continuously input. During the process, the redox products, Fe3+ and Cr3+, precipitated on the reaction media without transferring into downstream water. The pH value increased from 7.0 in influent to 8.0 in effluent, and the total iron concentration of effluent was below 0.30mg/L. Chromium was distributed mainly in the form of organic/sulphide fraction and residue fraction when the aquifer was flushed with deionized water, Moreover, bioavailable weak acid extractable fraction was not detected, indicatinga low ecological risk of chromium remained in the aquifer.
Study of Modified Coke on the Advanced Treatment of Coking Wastewater
Authors: Liu Shang Chao , Xue Gai Feng , Zhang Lei , Duan Ai Ming , Zhu Shu Jing
Published: August 2013

Coke was modified as adsorbent for advanced treatment of coking wastewater and different factors on the impact of wastewater COD removal have been studied. The results showed that pH and temperature effect little on the COD removal and COD of coke wastewater could be reduced from 93mg/L to 48mg/L in the condition of 60 min adsorption time , 300r/min speed revolve and 13g adsorbent dosage. per 200ml water.
The Application Research Progress on the Development of Artificial Plants Technology in Heavy Polluted River
Authors: Chen Qing Feng , Yang Hong Yan , Ma Jun Jian , Dong Wen Guo , Liu Meng
Published: August 2013

The traditional water treatment technologies mainly include physical reparation technology, chemical remediation technology and biological-ecological restoration technology. However, there are many limitations in practical application, especially for heavy polluted river. For this reason, it is extremely urgent to explore new technology and method on river ecosystem restoration. The materials of artificial plants are limited to the factors of water transparency, possesses acid and alkali-resistant, resistance to staining and flexibility. The characteristics of artificial plants are low in investment, effective and no secondary pollution. Therefore, it has a broad prospect of application in water treatment. In this paper, the detailed review and application of artificial plants were involved in order to provide theoretical basis for more widely used of artificial aquatic plants.
Degradation of Methylparathion Pesticide by Nano Anatase Catalyst
Authors: Xiong Shui Ying , Zhang Bin , Huang Cheng Cai , Qiu Mu Qing
Published: August 2013

A kind of typical organophosphate insecticide, methylparathion pesticide, was degradated by nano anatase catalyst under a variety of affecting factors. The results indicated that the effects of ultras onic degradation was more obvious in the presence of nanoanatase. The ultrasonic degradation kinetics of methylparathion pesticide in the presence of nano anatase catalyst followed the first-order reaction. The degradation ratio of methylparathion pesticide surpassed 94.2 % within 40 min under ultrasonic frequency of 50kHz, amount of 2000mg.L-1 catalyst, output power of 40W, pH of 6.00, and temperature of 30°C, methyl parathion pesticide concentration of 40mg.L-1.
The Contamination Status of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of Beng River and the Protection for the Ecological Safety Engineering
Authors: Qiu Ji Cai
Published: August 2013

To find out the heavy metal pollution condition from the Beng River sediment, we see the region from Beng River Rubber Dam to the Yimeng Road Bridge as research object.We monitored and surveyed on the three kinds of metal components (Cu, Zn, Cd) in the sediments from eight sectionsthe. With reference to the relevant domestic standards, we established sediment pollution evaluation criteria suitable for the region., We conducted the evaluation of ecological risk and pollution levels with the detection results by standard index of the potential ecological risk index and Nemerow France France. The results showed that: the heavy metals ecological risk index in Sediment from Beng River Rubber Dam to the Yimeng Road bridge section, Nemerow pollution index was 6.95, It was heavily polluted. This showed that the heavy metals in river sediment pollution was very serious.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Environmental Policy for Water Pollutants Reduction in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Guo Feng , Wang Tun Yen , Mizunoya Takeshi , Yabar Helmut , Yan Jing Jing , Sha Jing Hua , Higano Yoshiro
Published: August 2013

The purpose of this paper is to construct a dynamic comprehensive optimization simulation model to forecast the net load of water pollutant and economic growth rate of Beijing. Our results propose an optimal policy for helping to achieve the goal of sustainable development. We performed a linear optimization modeling by using LINGO software to simulate a socio-economic model and an environmental model with input-output table. The socio-economic model represents the relationship between socio-economic activities and water pollutant emissions. The environmental model represents the changes in the amount of water pollutants generated.
Different Adsorbent to Remove Polymeric Aluminum Chloride in Cr (VI) Comparative Study
Authors: Xie Yun Cheng , Sun Xiang Wei
Published: August 2013

Polymeric Aluminum Chloride (PAC) is the most commonly used wastewater treatment of flocculant, with PAC sewage will PAC itself with the heavy metal ion (Cd2 +, Hg2 +,Cu2 +, Cd6 + etc.) is introduced into the water cause secondary pollution. The adsorption method to remove one of the Cr (VI). The first was determined by spectrophotometry PAC in Cr (VI) content,then the coal ash, PVA entrapping activated carbon microsphere and activated carbon powder three adsorbent, under the same conditions were removed PAC of Cr (VI). The results have shown that the activated carbon had the highest effect on treatment of waste water of Cr (VI). But the carbon price is quite high. After the removal of trace Cr (VI), choose activated carbon as adsorbent. After the removal of a large number of Cr (VI) , choose coal ash as adsorbent.
Formation of Silica Scales in the Water Utilization Process and its Prevention Methods
Authors: Zhang Fang , Naren Gao Wa , Wang Ya Qiong , Bai Shu Qin
Published: August 2013

A huge amount of industrial water is necessary for continuous development of industries in the world. Various mineral scales forming at facilities on the ground within the water utilization process due to dissolved salts in the natural waters. Silica scale is a significantly serious problem to prevent the effectively operation of industries due to its hard structure and low solubility. This paper only focus on formation of silica scales, summarized its formation mechanism, influence factors and prevention methods.
Spatial Distribution of Soil Inorganic Carbon in Urbanized Territories
Authors: Xu Nai Zheng , Liu Hong Ying
Published: August 2013

Soil carbon stock changes induced by land-use change play an essential role in the global greenhouse effect and carbon circulation. This paper studies the spatial characteristics of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) distribution in urbanized territories of main cities in Jiangsu Province, China, based on the data of regional geochemical survey. Urbanization process in study area has been quickened greatly since the 1980s. The SIC density in urban area is 0.64±0.70 kg m-2, which mean density is 1.33 times of that in suburban and 1.52 times of that in countryside, and SIC distribution in urbanized area shows accumulation and obvious spatial variability. By comparison of SIC distribution in the central urban area, urbanized area during 1980-2000, 2000-2005 and suburban, the SIC obviously accumulates in central urban area, furthermore, the SIC density increases with urban land use duration extending and urban ecosystem evolving. This paper provides the characteristics of SIC distribution and evolution during the course of urbanization, which may be useful for assessing the impact of land-use and urban development on SIC pools in urban ecosystem.
Study on Treatment of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Water by Ozone Catalytic Ozonation
Authors: Tan Wan Chun , Lin Xue Bing , Zhou Mi , Yu Chen Xue , Wang Yun Bo
Published: August 2013

The paper has studied the degradation effect of the polyvinyl alcohol in the Ozone catalytic oxidation oxygenated water, include three kind of catalyst of Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+. The results as below, the degradation effect of the polyvinyl alcohol by Ozone catalytic oxidation is higher than ozone alone obviously, and it is related with the concentration of catalyst, the degradation effect will increase with the increase of concentration of Fe2+, and to the maximum value, the degradation is 85%; it will decrease with the increase of concentration of Mn2+, the optimum content is about 5mg/L, the degradation rate is 85%; when Cu2+ is added, the degradation rate is 53% in 35mg/L, and the degradation of other contents is not obvious. When the content of three kinds of catalyst are all 35mg/L and the reaction time is 3h, the sort of degradation effect is Fe2+>Cu2+>Mn2+.
The Reorganization Coalescence Oil-Removing Device and the Effect of Treating Polymer Flooding Produced Liquid
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Zhong Min , Ma Hai Tao , Wang Wei Gang , Yang Jun Jie
Published: August 2013

In view of problem of the coalescence material jam and the demulsification lower by using the Coalescence oil-removing device which was using to treat high viscosity polymer flooding. The novel Coalescence oil-removing device was developed through the optimization of coalescence material and reasonable backwashing system designing, which can realize coalescence material regeneration and improve oil strains of coalescence effect. At the condition that polymer concentration was 426mg/L, pH=8.75, average oil was 365mg/L, suspended solid (SS) was 75mg/L; The oil of effluent can reach 50mg/L below, removal rate reached 86%; SS of the out water can reach 30mg / L, the removal rate reached 60%.
Effect of Operational Parameters of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization on Water Consumption
Authors: Xiong Ying Ying , Liu Yuan Yi , Tan Hou Zhang
Published: August 2013

A pilot-scale WFGD experimental system has been built and employed to investigate experimentally operating parameters upon the water consumption of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (WFGD). The water consumption calculation formula of Calcium desulphurization system and water consumption rate curve on power plant WFGD system are obtained, according to the variation of coal can calculate the water consumption of the current conditions of FGD system, all this work has important significance upon FGD system operation on the current the variation of coal condition.
Climate and Air Quality Co-Benefits of Local Air Pollution Control: The Case of China’s Power Sector
Authors: Ye Min Hua , Wang Can
Published: August 2013

Power sector is the major emitter in China of local air pollutants including SO2 and NOX, and CO2 and Hg with global environmental impacts. This study applied a bottom-up optimization model considering multi regional power grids in China to simulate how the local air pollution (LAP) control would shape the power generation mix before 2020 and estimate the mitigation potential of CO2 and Hg emission provided by LAP control. Results show that with LAP control targets, in 2020, 100% of coal-fired units need to be equipped with FGD or adopt in-furnace desulphurization for CFB; approximately 85% of coal-fired units should be equipped with SCR while the others retrofitted to be low NOX boilers. Compared to the scenario without environmental constraints, Hg emission decreases 46% while CO2 emission increases 0.64% in 2020 with LAP control targets. Control polices of local and global air pollutant emissions should be combined early in developing countries to obtain a cost-effective way for sustainable development.
Study on Emission Control of Dioxins by Thermal Decomposition
Authors: Wang Jian Wei , Zhang Hai Jun , Ji Tao , Dong Chen Jiang , Lu Yi Ren , Ling Tao , Wang Mei Yu , Liu Xian Hua
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we present the data regarding the thermal decomposition of PCDD/Fs during the manufacturing process of ceramisite from MSWI fly ash, and the efficiency of bag filter with activated carbon injection technology to reduce the gas emission of PCDD/Fs. The distribution of seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorinated dioxins and furans in MSWI fly ash, ceramisite product, bag filter ash and emission gases were analyzed, and the international toxic equivalents (I-TEQ as 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD) values were calculated by using international-toxicity equivalency factor (I-TEF). The total I-TEQ value of PCDD/Fs in MSWI fly ash reached up to 904.944 ng/kg. After high temperature calcining, only 1.250 ng I-TEQ/kg of PCDD/Fs is left in the ceramisite product. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs in two kinds of bag filter ashes, with activated carbon injection (AC) and without activated carbon injection (NAC), were 324.723 ng I-TEQ/kg and 217.066 ng I-TEQ/kg, respectively. The distribution patterns of seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorinated dioxins and furans in MSWI fly ash, ceramisite product and bag filter ashes are alike, which suggested that the secondary formation of PCDD/Fs did not significantly occur during the thermal process of manufacturing ceramisite from MSWI fly ash. When no activated carbon was injected, the gas emission of PCDD/Fs was 0.373 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, but 100 mg/Nm3 of activated carbon injection, the gas emission of PCDD/Fs was declined to 0.081 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, which is lower than the gas emission limit established by the European Union Directive of 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3. Therefor, we can recommend that the manufacturing ceramisite from MSWI fly ash using the developed rotary kiln system is an effective measure to safely dispose the MSWI fly ash on the aspect of dioxin emission control.
An Analysis on SOx Wet Scrubbers of Marine Diesel Engine
Authors: Li Cai Ling , Zhou Song , Liu Dian Tao , Wang Zhi Yu , Zhu Yuan Qing
Published: August 2013

With the increasing strictness of emission regulation, the requirements for marine diesel engine SOx emission are becoming more and more rigorous. This paper mainly introduces the reaction mechanisms of seawater scrubber and freshwater scrubber, and analyzes the research status quo of the two scrubbers. It also gives a contrast to the merits and shortcomings of them. Finally, this paper puts forward some considerations in the practical application of seawater scrubber on ships.
Catalytic Oxidation of Phosphine by Ionic Liquid-Aqueous Biophasic
Authors: Xie Yu Bing , Qu Guang Fei , Ning Ping , Li Jiang Na , Liu Yu Huan , Yin Qin
Published: August 2013

hydrophobicity ionic liquid [bmiPF6 mix with PdCl2 is used as catalyst and reaction medium to form biophasic liquid reaction system to catalyst mixed gas of PH3. FT-IR is used for the conformational analysis of [bmi PF6 monomer and Waters 431 chromatograph for the products of purified reaction. The relationship between temperature, oxygen concentration, the amount of substance of PdCl2 and PH3 purification efficiency have been investigated. The results show that purification efficiency remains above 99% in 300min. There is no obvious increase of purification efficiency with O2 content increased. The optimum conditions of catalyst system are: [bmiPF6: PdCl2=1:0.056 (molar ratio), temperature of 70°C between 30~70°C. The reaction products contains PO43- in the aqueous phase by instrumental analysis.
Degradation of Acidic Congo Red via Activated Potassium Persulfate by Sunlight and Ferrous Ion
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhu Zheng Jiang , He Jun Mei , Zhang Nai Dong
Published: August 2013

t was discovered that sunlight/Fe2+/S2O82- method is superior to UV/Fe2+/S2O82-method when we treated water samples of acidic Congo red .Congo red dye was applied in activated potassium persulfate by sunlight/ultraviolet and ferrous ion system investigation. It showed efficient sunlight/ultraviolet activated degradation of acidic Congo red, and the activation of sunlight was better than that of ultraviolet. The effect of pH value, Fe2+ and S2O82- concentration on the degradation of Congo red were investigated. The result indicated that when pH was 3.0, [Fe2+] was 0.42mmol/L, [S2O82-] was 74.0mmol/L, the decolouring ratio of acidic Congo red were 91.0% and 100% respectively after 5min and 60min of reaction times, the TOC removal ratio was 80.4% after 120min.
Electrical Plasma Technology for Dye Decolorization in a Continuous Reactor System
Authors: Jiang Bo , Zheng Jing Tang
Published: August 2013

An airtight gas electrical plasma reactor was designed with subsequent reaction column to estimate performance of this treatment operating in continuous mode for the remediation of wastewater contaminated by organic dye. It was found that subsequent reaction column contributed great for final dye removal because generated ozone was sufficiently utilized in this system and decolorization behaviors in continuous processes were fitted well with ﬁrst-order kinetic model.And operating under the conditions of input voltage 45kV, gas flow rate 40 L/h, virgin liquid conductivity and unmodified initial pH, the decolorization efficiencies were, at liquid flow rate of 1.5 L/h, 99.7% for 10 mg/L, 99.5% for 20 mg/L, 97.3% for 30 mg/L and 96.7% for 40 mg/L.
Synthesis of [C5H5NH][Ph2Sn(μ2-SCH2COO)CI] with Good Biological Activity In Vitro Anti-Tumor
Authors: Zhong Gui Yun
Published: August 2013

Five-coordinated anionic tin (IV) complexes [C5H5NH][Ph2Sn (μ2-SCH2COO)C was synthesized by the reaction of mercaptoacetic acid with diphenyltin dichloride in the present of pyridine. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR. The crystal structure of [C5H5N[Ph2Sn (μ2-SCH2COO)C was determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure consists of an anion part, and a pyridinium cation part as a counterion. The tin atom has a distorted cis-tbp geometry with two carbon and one sulfur atoms occupying the equatorial positions and the o atom and Cl atom occupying the axial positions. We tested the activity of the product in vitro antitumor for A-549, HCT-8 and Bel-7402, results showed that the compound has a strong anti-tumor activity for A-549, HCT-8, IC50 values were 0.91 and 0.34 μg ml-1, respectively.
Orthogonal Experiments for Optimizing Adsorption of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Dong Wei Fang , Zang Li Hua , Feng Qi Lei
Published: August 2013

The adsorption of methyl orange dye from aqueous solution was investigated with active carbon powder as sorbents. Effects of selected factors were studied through the use of L16 (44) orthogonal experiment for the optimal parameter. The results demonstrated that the orders of their influences were contact time > initial dye concentration > the dosage of active carbon powder > pH. It was then concluded that contact time must be given priority in removing methyl orange dye from wastewater. Under the optimum conditions (the dosage 10g, time70min, initial dye concentration 35mg/L, pH7), The active carbon powder possessed good adsorption capacity to methyl orange which the removal efficiency could reached 95.96%.
The Toxicity Assay of Artemia salina as a Biological Model for the Preliminary Toxic Evaluation of Chemical Pollutants
Authors: Lu Yin , Xu Xiao Lu , Meng Chao , Zhou Jia Qin , Sheng Jun Jie , Wu Chen Kang , Xu Shu Wen
Published: August 2013

In order to achieve a good correlation between toxicology andArtemia salinalethality test, several chemical pollutants were examined inA. salinatest, with the purpose to use the latter as convenient preliminary protocol for toxic activity. During the test, it was observed the effect of a particular lethal dose or only a knockdown in the arthropod of HgCl2, KCN, K2Cr2O7, C6H6and C6H6Cl6. The 24h LC50of these five chemical pollutants to theartemianauplius was 0.12±0.09, 0.06±0.12, 0.72±0.21, 1.57±0.58 and 0.44±0.10 mg/L, respectively. The results of theA. salinalethality test for the chemical substances are essentially in agreement with those described in literature for toxic activity.
Study on the Adsorption Effect of ZnCl2-Modified Pomelo Peel Powder on Wastewater Containing Pb (II)
Authors: Pan Qing Shan , Liu Wei , Mao Mei Gui , Yan He Ping , Huang Du Shu , Zhou Bo , Wang Bao Sen , Wu Na , Xu Shi Juan , Shi Ling
Published: August 2013

The modified pomelo peel powder was prepared by using chemical modification methods of ZnCl2soaking and heating.The removal rate of Pb (II) ion in simulation of wastewater by the modified pomelo peel powder was tested. The effects of pH of wastewater, initial concentrations of Pb (II) ion, adsorbent dosage,temperature and time on adsorption of Pb (II) ion was studied. Results show that when Pb (II) ion initial concentration at 100 mgL-1, pH of wastewater at 3.5-5.5, adsorption time at 100min, adsorbent dosage at 15gL-1, temperature at 35°C, the removal rate of Pb (II) ion in simulation of wastewater by the modified pomelo peel powder was more than 95%.
Advanced Treatment of Biochemical Treated Coking Wastewater by Ozonation Process
Authors: Yang De Min , Yuan Jian Mei
Published: August 2013

Advanced treatment of biochemical treated coking wastewater was studied experimentally with ozonation process. The effects of initial pH value, ozone concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the COD and color removal rate were investigated. The results showed that ozonation was an effective method for advanced treatment of biochemical treated coking wastewater. The increasing of initial pH value, ozone concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time has enhanced the removal rate of COD and color. Meanwhile, the results also revealed that the maximal COD and color removal rate of 69.65% and 92.27% could be reached under the optimal conditions of the initial pH value is 10.5, ozone concentration is 150 mg/L, reaction temperature is 298 K, and reaction time is 30 min.
Enhancement of Coagulation Process with Floatation for the Treatment of Dyeing Wastewater
Authors: Wu Yuan Hui , Zhou Hui Ting , Du Chun Hui , Wu Li Guang , Cai Mei Qiang , Wang Ting , Wu Chun Jin
Published: August 2013

Coagulation process enhanced with floatation was applied to treat dyeing wastewater generated from the production process of textile. The efficiency was mainly evaluated in terms of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of mixed wastewater. Comparing the coagulation experiment with coagulation-floatation experiment on the performance of COD removal for the dyeing wastewater, we can find that floatation promote the effect of coagulation. The results show that: the COD removal of the dyeing wastewater in the coagulation-floatation experiment can reach 68% after floatation with the speed of 1.2 L/min for 4 min and maintaining standstill for 90 min, which is 17% more than the result appeared in coagulation experiment, under the conditions of the dosage of AlCl3and PAM is 100 mg/L and 15 mg/L, respectively.
Research Progress of Sewage Treatment Technology
Authors: Chen Ya Ping , Wu Chun , Ma Wen Xin , Li Ying , Chen Yan
Published: August 2013

Summarized the traditional and mechanisms of sewage treatment methods ,and then studied several typical and widely research methods in detail .Actuality of development of sewage treatment technology were introduced.
Study on Biological Nitrogen Removal Performance of Aerobic Denitrification Treating Power Plant Wastewater
Authors: Yang Tao , Wu Pei Ying , Zhao Zhan Sheng , Xu Hua Wei , Lv Gao Zhi
Published: August 2013

Enriched domestication in SBR was used to improve the proportion of aerobic denitrifiers in activated sludge, and actual power plant wastewater was treated, which proved the existence of aerobic denitrification. But at the later stage, because of carbon deficiency, aerobic denitrifiers were inhibited and NO3--N accumulated. Sodium acetate used as external organic carbon source was added when reaction carried on 3.5 hours to improve the COD/NH4+-N ratio from 6.5 to 10, effluent NO3--N concentration was 3.6 mg\L, average removal efficiency of TN was 90%, which could improve the aerobic denitrification performance of whole system effectively.
Treatment of Organic Compounds in Radioactive Wastewater by Ozonation
Authors: Xiang Ying Hong , Zhong Yang Yang , Li Xiang Dong , Song Jun Ke
Published: August 2013

The organic compounds in radioactive wastewater were treated using ozone oxidation technology. The influence of pH, ozone dosage, reaction time, initial COD, H2O2 on the removal of COD by ozone was investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD in the alkaline condition was higher than that of acidic condition, the COD removal rate increased with increasing ozone dosage, reaction time, H2O2 dosage, decreased with increasing initial COD. Under the conditions of COD 362 mg/L, pH value 9.0, ozone dosage 7.86 mg•L-1•min-1, reaction time 30 min , the removal rate of COD was 25.9%; the removal rate of COD increased to 37.8% when 0.2 ml H2O2 was added in addition.
Characterization of Bio-Oil Obtained from Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis Catalyzed by Char
Authors: Zuo Wu , Jin Bao Sheng , Zhang Ya , Sun Yu
Published: August 2013

The pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) in the presence of sewage sludge pyrolysis char (SSC) as catalyst was conduct in a horizontal reactor at 500°C. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), element analysis, high heating value (HHV) analysis, water content analysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used to characterize the pyrolysis oil. The declined char yields with increased SSC mix ratio (MR) indicated that SSC could promote the devolatilization reaction. Meanwhile the declined top phase oil (TPO) yield and increased bottom phase oil (BPO) and gas yield showed that crack reaction may happen catalyzed by SSC. According to the result of GC-MS, aliphatics and steroids content drops apparently since MR increased to 50 wt.%, while aromatic compounds and phenols content increased at the same time. Element analysis showed an apparent transportation of hydrogen and oxygen from TPO to BPO. HHV of TPO decreased with MR increased. The result of GPC indicated that increased MR caused continuing decreased average molecular weight of TPO. Consequently, the increased SSC addition could promote the devolatilization and large molecular compounds catalysis crack of sewage sludge.
Comparative Study on the Anaerobically Methanogenic Results of Sauce Sweet Model Liquor and Fen-Flavor Liquor Wastewater
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Xu Qing , Xiong Cheng , Cai Zhong Li , Xiang Ke
Published: August 2013

Based on the condition test and comparative analysis of mixing bottom pot water and bottom cellar water from a sauce sweet model liquor enterprise and a fen-flavor liquor enterprise, this study discuss the difference of recycling methane from anaerobic fermentation in two types of distilled spirit wastewater. The results of the tests show mixing the bottom pot water and bottom cellar water of the two kinds of Chinese spirits under the optimal proportion and conducting the anaerobic experiment under optimum conditions, the COD concentrations in effluent of both mixed distilled spirit wastewater are approximately the same. And the rates of degradation in two types of wastewater are almost the same. At the same time, the gas production of sauce sweet model liquor wastewater is a little higher than that of fen-flavor wastewater. The best removal rates of COD are 90.22% and 88.99% respectively for the two types of wastewaters.
Discussion of a Treatment Technique for Spent Picking Solution Recycling
Authors: Wang Shih Chung , Wu Jun Yi , Shen Yun Hwei
Published: August 2013

Pickling is a necessary process in many metal processing industries, such as wire rod, iron and steel sheet plate, and tubing processing industries, screw and nut manufacturing and processing industries, corrosion resistant plate processing industries, and paint industry. Pickling is used to remove black rust, oxides, and other contaminants from metal surfaces in order to improve processing quality. Hydrochloric acid is often used in the pickling process. As the acid concentration decreases gradually during the process, while metal (Fe and Zn) concentrations increase gradually, when the residual concentration of hydrochloric acid in the spent pickle liquor decreases to about 3%, or the specific gravity of spent pickle liquor is greater than 1.3 (iron ion concentration is greater than 100g/L), the aged pickle liquor must be discharged and fresh pickling solution is prepared. In the wire rod industry in Taiwan, the pickling process results in highly corrosive spent pickle liquor. Although there have been multiple resource processing schemes developed, including spray roasting process, fluidized bed roasting process, and sulfuric acid displacement process, it is limited to various factors, such as the treatment capacity, initial cost, operating cost, selling prices, purity of recycled products, and market scale. This study reviewed related patented processing modes in literature, and considered the reclamation cost of waste pickling solution (SPS). The proposed technique adopts wet-process metallurgy, combined with diffusion dialysis, for reclamation of SPS and mineralization crystallization of heavy metal of residue iron. The mineralization crystallization treatment produces high-purity recycled products of ferrite and goethite processes. SPS is reclaimed, and the ferric heavy metal recycling meets the economic benefit of an actual plant. The research site of this study produces 12 tons of SPS per day, which is about 300 tons monthly, and about 3,600 tons annually, with the removal cost of 7.2 million NTD annually. If the proposed treatment system is adopted, the costs of fresh hydrochloric acid, removal, and the traditional neutral agent treatment and subsequent landfill could be greatly reduced, thus effectively reducing the environmental load. In comparison to other recycling treatment techniques, the main advantage of the proposed technique is that the treatment capacity depends on the amount of SPS, the energy consumption is relatively low, the treatment scheme is simple, the operating and maintenance costs are low, and the mineralization can produce magnetic ferrite and iron oxide recycled products with high purity.
Improvement of Waste Paper Pulp Properties by Using Aspen High-Yield Pulp
Authors: Ren Jie , Zhao Chuan Shan
Published: August 2013

Because of the public environmental awareness growing and Fibrous raw material shortage, waste paper recycling has received widespread attention, increased year by year. Waste paper fiber through the whole process of pulping and papermaking, different production processes and the use of environment, waste paper fiber can occur in many different changes compared with the original fiber, accordingly the paper properties change.In this study, a high-quality aspen high-yield pulp (HYP) was used to improve the Waste paper pulp properties at the laboratory scale.The results indicate that adding 25% aspen HYP into unrefined or refined Waste paper fiber can minimize many of the drawbacks associated with Waste paper fiber: improving its drainage, bulk, and opacity. And addition of a small amount (about 1%) of cationicstarch can also significantly increase the tensile index of OCC.
Mine Tailing as Alternative to Clay for Producing Belite Cement Clinker
Authors: Zheng Yong Chao , Li Qing , Liu Yan Jun
Published: August 2013

In this study, with iron ore tailing as an alternative to clay, three belite cement clinker samples were prepared in a muffle furnace at 1400°C for 10, 20 and 30 minutes respectively. And calcium sulphate and calcium fluoride were used as composite mineralizer with attempt to decrease clinkering temperature and improve hydraulic activity of dicalcium silicate. QXRD analysis shows that the major mineral components of the clinker are dicalcium silicate,account for over 80% of clinker, and trace amount of tricalcium silicate and ferrite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis indicates that mineral grains were growing with the prolonged soaking duration. EDS analysis identified that C2S has a Ca/Si ratio varying from 2.07 to 2.32. And XPS analysis shows substantial amount of S and F atoms indented on clinker surface. Using 4×4×16cm mortar specimen, the mechanical strength of belite cement with 5% gypsum addition was investigated based on Chinese National Standard. The testing results show that three belite clinkers give very promising strength development at early ages, and very high strength gain was achieved at 28 days. In addition, this belite cement has a Lime Saturation Factor (LSF) of 0.76, which make it have potential for significant CO2 emission reduction. Also, more than 35% iron ore tailing was exhausted for producing unit ton of belite cement clinker. High utilization rate leads to not only mineral waste exhaustion, also environmental improvement.