bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Different Telemedicine Services to Pre-Evaluate Their Use in a New “Computational Hospital”
Authors: Bregante Beatrice , Paoli Gabriella , Sanguineti Vittorio , Scillieri Gaetano Stefano , Giacomini Mauro
Published: October 2023

Future healthcare is transitioning toward a decentralization of patient care, in which personal care is increasingly moved at the patient home and surrounding areas, while hospitals concentrate primarily on procedures that cannot be performed elsewhere, such as surgeries or outpatient examinations. The healthcare system in the Liguria region (Italy) is currently developing a new Center for Computational and Technological Medicine (CMCT), which is intended to facilitate and support this transition. As a component of the strategic planning and design process, this study examines the development and organization of telemedicine services across a range of chosen Italian and European institutions that share similarities with CMCT in terms of scope and scale. We specifically focus on telemedicine services – how they are governed, their main fields of application. The analysis confirmed the growing importance of telemedicine as part of the new vision of medicine, in which the patient is at the center.
A Screening Platform for Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline: WHISPER (Widespread Hearing Impairment Screening and PrEvention of Risk)
Authors: Paglialonga Alessia , Polo Edoardo Maria , Lenatti Marta , Mollura Maximiliano , Barbieri Riccardo
Published: October 2023

The WHISPER (Widespread Hearing Impairment Screening and PrEvention of Risk) platform was recently developed for screening for hearing loss (HL) and cognitive decline in adults. It includes a battery of tests (a risk factors (RF) questionnaire, a language-independent speech-in-noise test, and cognitive tests) and provides a pass/fail outcome based on the analysis of several features. Earlier studies demonstrated high accuracy of the speech-in-noise test for predicting HL in 350 participants. In this study, preliminary results from the RF questionnaire (137 participants) and from the visual digit span test (DST) (78 participants) are presented. Despite the relatively small sample size, these findings indicate that the RF and DST may provide additional features that could be useful to characterize the overall individual profile, providing additional knowledge related to short-term memory performance and overall risk of HL and cognitive decline. Future research is needed to expand number of subjects tested, number of features analyzed, and the range of algorithms (including supervised and unsupervised machine learning) used to identify novel measures able to predict the individual hearing and cognitive abilities, also including components related to the individual risk.
Designing an Efficient Implementation Process for Large Scale Adoption of Telehealth
Authors: Holm Hjertaas Tonje , Mickelson Weldingh Nina , Ranjbar Arian
Published: October 2023

Telehealth may be one of the solutions to the increasing demand of healthcare. However, implementation of such systems is a considerable effort, and requires an efficient and systemized process for large scale adoption. This study provides a process for telehealth implementation. Although quantitative studies of implementation processes introduce significant challenges, the study provide initial indications of increasing effectiveness, specifically in time to deployment.
Design of Remote Real-Time Monitoring and Biofeedback System to Connect Patients and Clinicians During Orthopaedic Rehabilitation
Authors: Kambampati Harish , Palla Francesco , Introzzi Massimo
Published: October 2023

The ORME (Orthopaedic Rehabilitation for ME) is a comprehensive solution developed by NTR Biosensors to address the issue of uncertain weight monitoring during orthopaedic rehabilitation. It consists of multiple ultra-thin force resistance sensors-equipped insole, microelectronics for data processing and transmission, a dedicated smartphone app called ORME control app, and a cloud platform called ORME PRO for remote monitoring by clinicians. The system alerts patients and clinicians to overload events by offering real-time biofeedback and providing haptic and audible cues to correct gait during telemonitoring or telerehabilitation. This minimizes the risk of new injuries and prevents overloading-related setbacks during rehabilitation, while also enabling gait analysis and plantar pressure monitoring. The ORME & ORME PRO systems present an innovative solution to enhance home care, telemonitoring, and tele-orthopaedic rehabilitation outcomes, empowering patients and specialists with an effective tool to monitor and manage the telerehabilitation process and patient-reported outcomes.
Use of a Data-Sharing System During Diabetes Consultations
Authors: Bradway Meghan , Muzny Miroslav , Årsand Eirik
Published: October 2023

Patient-gathered self-management data and shared decision-making are touted as the answer to improving an individual’s health situation as well as collaboration between patients and their providers leading to more effective treatment plans. However, there is a gap between this ideal and reality – a lack of data-sharing technology. Here, we present the impact that the FullFlow System for sharing patient-gathered data during diabetes consultations, had on the patient-provider relationship and consultation discussion.
Improving Cardiology-Rehospitalization Prediction Through the Synergy of Process Mining and Deep Learning: An Innovative Approach
Authors: Spizzi Eleonora , Quadraro Damiano , Esposti Federico , Ferrario Manuela
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, hospitals are facing the need for an accurate prediction of rehospitalizations. Rehospitalizations, indeed, represent both a high financial burden for the hospital and a proxy measure of care quality. The current work aims to address such a problem with an innovative approach, by building a Process Mining-Deep Learning model for the prediction of 6-months rehospitalization of patients hospitalized in a Cardiology specialty at San Raffaele Hospital, starting from their medical history contained in the Patients Hospital Records, with the double purpose of supporting resource planning and identifying at-risk patients.
Mixed-Methods Assessment of a Virtual Reality-Based System for Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Authors: Gabriel Aileen S. , Tsai Te-Yi , Xhakli Taulant , Finkelstein Joseph
Published: October 2023

Barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) (e.g., finances, mobility, and lack of awareness about the benefits of PR). Reducing these barriers by providing COPD patients with convenient access to PR educational and exercise training may help improve the adoption of PR. Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology that may provide an interactive and engaging method of supporting a home-based PR program. The goal of this study was to systematically evaluate the feasibility of a VR app for a home-based PR education and exercise program using a mixed-methods design. 18 COPD patients were asked to complete three brief tasks using a VR-based PR application. Afterward, patients completed a series of quantitative and qualitative assessments to evaluate the usability, acceptance, and overall perspectives and experience of using a VR system to engage with PR education and exercise training. The findings from this study demonstrate the high acceptability and usability of the VR system to promote participation in a PR program. Patients were able to successfully operate the VR system with minimal assistance. This study examines patient perspectives thoroughly while leveraging VR-based technology to facilitate access to PR. The future development and deployment of a patient-centered VR-based system in the future will consider patient insights and ideas to promote PR in COPD patients.
Telehealth Uptake and Impact on Care Activities in Australian General Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Prgomet Mirela , Hardie Rae-Anne , Sezgin Gorkem , Thomas Judith , Pearce Christopher , McGuire Precious , Weeding Stephen , McLeod Adam , Georgiou Andrew
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift in the delivery of patient care, with telehealth rapidly scaled to facilitate access to care while reducing risks of COVID-19 transmission. In this paper, we present an overview of key findings regarding telehealth use from a large program of work examining the impact of the pandemic on general practice activity in Australia. Our findings demonstrate the pivotal role telehealth played in enabling patient access to care during the first two years of the pandemic. Importantly, however, we identified several facets of telehealth use including equitable access, workflow and infrastructure, and adequate funding, which require attention to optimise telehealth services in practice.
Considerations for a Sustainable Podiatric Telemedicine Service
Authors: Stojmanovski Mercieca Lisa Ann , Formosa Cynthia , Chockalingam Nachiappan
Published: October 2023

Presently telemedicine in podiatry is in its nascent development phase. Current exploratory work indicates that a comprehensive set of guidelines regarding telemedicine in podiatry is necessary. Stakeholders have put forward multiple factors to be considered while developing guidelines to devise a sustainable service.
Evaluating the Effects of Misinformation on Public Sentiments Surrounding Access to Abortion Through Social Media Sentiment Analytics
Authors: White Brianna , Kumsa Fekede , Singh Nupur , Melton Chad , Shaban-Nejad Arash
Published: October 2023

As social media use has grown in recent years, ease of access and rapid data collection through online social media has permitted researchers to measure and track sentiments related to emerging public health threats. Herein, we explore the possibilities of examining messaging shared via social media networks for sentiment classification as it relates to women’s reproductive healthcare, especially access to abortion. In our previous works, our team has successfully employed various natural language processing (NLP) models for the analysis of social media shared sentiments. This study reports a work-in-progress on the similar use of fine-tuned NLPs (i.e., DistilRoBERTa) to collect/analyze the sentiments of socio-behavioral data shared via social networks to uncover a correlation between reproductive-related misinformation (i.e., access to abortion) and public sentiments/discourse direction.
Explanation Relevance Index – A New Way of Assessing the Quality of Explanations Based on Learned Features
Authors: Pesecan Cătălin-Mihai , Stoicu-Tivadar Lăcrămioara
Published: October 2023

The XAI methods began to emerge as a response for the black-box methods used to make decisions that could not be explained, even if checked by humans they were correct. This created the need for a better evaluation for these methods. In this paper we propose a new method for evaluation based on features. The main advantage of applying ERI to CNNs explanations are: a fully automated way to measure the quality of an explanation and the fact that the score uses the same information as the CNN, in this way being able to offer a measure of the quality of explanation that can be validated automatically.
Trust in Digitalization and AI: Findings from a Qualitative Study on Healthcare Professionals in Germany
Authors: Babitsch Birgit , Hannemann Niels , Kutza Jan-Oliver , Hübner Ursula
Published: October 2023

The acceptance and use of digital technologies depend on the trustworthiness attributed to them. Experts were interviewed about how they assign trust to digital technologies or AI (N=12). The data were analyzed applying the focused qualitative content analysis. All of the experts have experience with digital technologies, but only seven with AI. The majority of experts generally trust digital technologies, but only five experts expressed a general trust in AI. Similar reasons contributing to trust building were given for digital technologies and AI. The results show the complexity of the trust building process and the construct of trust itself. The development of explainable AI and professional training are prerequisites to support a critical and safe use of these technologies.
Respiratory allergies in young adult male smokers and non-smokers
Authors:   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Devyatkova E.A. , Minaeva N.V. ,   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Tarasova M.V. ,   Perm Regional City Hospital, Perm, Russian Federation, Shelud'ko V.S. ,   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Plotnikova E.Yu. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

Background: smoking is a well-known trigger of asthma. Therefore, doctors should be alert for smok-ers with respiratory allergies. Aim: to compare the severity of respiratory allergy course, pollen and house dust sensiti-zation, and laboratory and instrumental tests in young adult male smokers and non-smokers. Patients and Methods: a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 249 men aged 16–27 years with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma was performed. Patients were examined on the basis of the standard of medical care for adults with asthma. Allergic examination included skin tests and allergen-specific IgE measurement. Results: 249 patients were divided into 2 groups: smokers (n=62) and non-smokers (n=187). The mean age of smokers and non-smokers was 19.3±0.5 and 18.6±0.3 years, respectively. The median smoking history was 2.0 [1.0; 4.0] years. Allergic asthma was more common in smokers (93.5%) than in non-smokers (89.3%). No differences in the rate of allergic rhinitis were reported. Comparative cross-sectional analysis of examination results in young patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma has demonstrated that positive tests for tree pollen and house dust prevail in both groups. No differences in sensitization between smokers and non-smokers were reported. The mean spirometry values in smokers were lower than those in non-smokers. Bron-chodilator coefficient calculated by forced expiratory volume in 1 s correlated with absolute eosinophil count only in smokers. Conclusions: no significant differences in the severity of allergic rhinitis and asthma, sen-sitization to pollen and house dust, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, and total serum IgE levels were reported between young smokers and non-smokers. KEYWORDS: smoking, asthma, allergic rhinitis, electronic cigarettes, traditional cigarettes. FOR CITATION: Devyatkova E.A., Minaeva N.V., Tarasova M.V., Shelud'ko V.S., Plotnikova E.Yu. Respiratory allergies in young adult male smokers and non-smokers. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8):482–487 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-2.
Organization of medical care for patients with severe asthma requiring genetically engineered biological therapies in St. Petersburg
Authors:   I.P. Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Titova O.N. , Volchkov V.A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuzubova N.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sklyarova D.B. ,   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The proportion of patients with severe asthma among asthma patients is approximately 5–10%. Severe asthma is associated with a heavy economic burden and remains a major public health problem. Patients with severe asthma require significant use of healthcare resources, i.e., the rate of exacerbation-related hospital admissions and unscheduled emergency department visits is two- and three-fold, respectively, higher than that in non-severe asthma. The discovery of the molecular mechanisms of asthma pathogenesis allowed the development of biological genetically engineering therapies that provide an effective therapeutic option for severe asthma by improving the quality of life by reducing the rate of exacerbations, improving lung function, and reducing the need for systemic steroids with a good safety profile. Targets for existing biological agents include IgE, interleukins (IL)-4, 5, and 13, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. These drugs include omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, and tezepelumab, which were recently registered in Russia. Pharmacoeconomic analysis demonstrates a reduction in the costs of managing patients with severe asthma who receive targeted therapy despite the financial costs of its implementation. The choice of targeted drug is always a complex task that requires careful assessment of clinical, anamnestic, and laboratory parameters. In addition, monoclonal antibodies are an expensive treatment option. Currently, centers for genetically engineering biological therapies are being created to achieve effective routing and continuity in the management of these patients and to minimize financial costs. KEYWORDS: severe asthma, eosinophilic phenotype, genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT), registry, medical commission, targeted therapy, monoclonal antibodies, type 2 immune response. FOR CITATION: Titova O.N., Volchkov V.A., Kuzubova N.A., Sklyarova D.B. Organization of medical care for patients with severe asthma requiring genetically engineered biological therapies in St. Petersburg. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8):493–497 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-3.
CYP2C9 mediates the herb-drug interaction of curcumin with naproxen in rats
Authors: Qiu Yongjun , Huang Sujun , Zhu Minfang
Published: October 2023

Both curcumin and naproxen possess the activity of pain relief, which makes it possible to co-administrate these drugs in the same prescription. This study aimed to assess the potential pharmacokinetic interaction of naproxen with curcumin in rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were orally administrated with naproxen (10 mg/kg body weight) and curcumin (10 or 20 mg/kg, body weight) synchronously or successively with a single administration of naproxen as the control group. The plasma concentration of naproxen was analyzed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the plasma concentration-time curve was established to obtain the pharmacokinetic parameters. In vitro, the metabolic stability of naproxen and the activity of CYP2C9 was assessed in rat liver microsome to reveal the potential mechanism. Both synchronous and successive co-administration of naproxen and curcumin induced increased maximum concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC0-t), half-life (t1/2) and reduced clearance rate (CLF) of naproxen in rats, and the effect of curcumin was enhanced with its increasing concentration. In vitro, curcumin (10 and 20 mg/kg) was found to enhance the metabolic stability of naproxen (half-life from 29.7 ± 1.34 to 41.8 ± 5.07 and 46.9 ± 3.33 min) and significantly inhibited the activity of CYP2C9 with the IC50 of 16.36 μmol/L (P < 0.05). A combination of naproxen and curcumin would induce pharmacokinetic interaction, which increased the systemic exposure of naproxen. The concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP2C9 by curcumin was the potential mechanism underlying the drug-herb interaction.
Pharmacokinetic interaction of saxagliptin with andrographolide and their hypoglycemic effect in type 2 diabetes rats
Authors: Wu Suyan , Pan Haifei , Huang Yingying
Published: October 2023

Controlling blood glucose is the primary therapeutic strategy for T2DM. Both saxagliptin and andrographolide possess hypoglycemic effects, which makes the combination easy. This study aimed to evaluate the co-administration of saxagliptin and andrographolide in rats and revealed their combined impact on type 2 diabetes (T2DM). T2DM rat models were established by high-fat diet and the injection of nicotinamide and streptozotocin. The blood glucose and insulin resistance index were monitored after modeling. The pharmacokinetics of saxagliptin was assessed by orally administrating 10 mg/kg saxagliptin. The co-administration was performed with the pre-treatment of 30 or 100 mg/kg andrographolide. In vitro, the metabolic stability of saxagliptin was assessed in rat liver microsomes. The co-administration of saxagliptin with andrographolide induced significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of saxagliptin, behaving as the increasing AUC(0-t), Cmax, t1/2, and the decreasing clearance rate. The effect of andrographolide was enhanced with the growing concentration. Combination with andrographolide enhanced the hypoglycemic effect and alleviated insulin resistance of saxagliptin in T2DM rats. Co-administration of saxagliptin with 100 mg/kg andrographolide induced hypoglycemia. In vitro, andrographolide significantly improved the metabolic stability of saxagliptin and showed a significant inhibitory effect on the activity of CYP3A4. Combining saxagliptin with andrographolide could increase the systemic exposure of saxagliptin via inhibiting CYP3A4 and improve the hypoglycemic effect, but the high concentration of andrographolide is the risk of inducing hypoglycemia.
In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of selected plant extracts
Authors: Jakimiuk Katarzyna , Augustynowicz Daniel , Wojtulewicz Sylwia , Wiśniewska Wiktoria , Strawa Jakub Władysław , Wyszkowska Julia , Tomczyk Michał
Published: October 2023

Plant extracts remain an infinite source of bioactive chemicals and an inexhaustible resource for discovering new drugs of natural origin. Thus, in this study, we focused on analysing 29 ethanolic extracts (E1-E29) from selected plants of flora of Poland to assess their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties in relation to the chemical profiles of phenolic compounds. The results show that the investigated samples differed in terms of their chemical compositions and biological activities. The extract from Cirsium palustre leaves (E13) possesses the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antiradical activity in the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test (415.28 ± 2.22 µM of Trolox equivalent). On the other hand, the most potent anti-inflammatory agents (at 125 µg/mL) were extracts from Odontites vulgaris herbs (E24), with a COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibition percentage of 74.54 ± 0.77, and Erigeron acris flower heads (E22), with a 15-sLOX (soybean 15-lipooxygenase) inhibition percentage of 42.45 ± 3.32. All extracts exhibited moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report phytochemical and pharmacological analyses of extracts from Anthericum ramosum and Lysimachia europaea.
From transformations to the notion of time
Authors: Hadad Cacier
Published: October 2023

In this paper I expose an ontological-existential interpretation of time via its unveiling and analysis in an example of scientific measurement in a chemical transformation. I begin with the search for time in the transformation, and little by little I explain its characteristics and structures. I finally interpret the time involved in the measurement and the usual concept of linear time by means of the Heidegger's concept of temporality (originary time). The paper is an attempt to explain Heidegger's existential ontology to non-specialist thinkers interested in understanding the subject of time from approaches different from those of their field, as may be the case of many contemporary scientists. For this reason, it develops the ideas step by step and in an expository way, but gradually entering the precise and rigorous Heideggerian terminology necessary for the temporal analysis. Finally, it should be noted that this work contains novel interpretations of several of the ideas and expressions of Heidegger's thought.
Enhancing Veterinary Services for Smallholder Farmers in Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Maposa Leonard , Garwe Evelyn Chiyevo , Nyamushamba Godfrey G.
Published: October 2023

In Zimbabwe, the smallholder farming sector holds over 90% of the country's livestock, playing a vital role in the rural economy. However, low productivity and livestock offtake persist due to various challenges, primarily stemming from animal diseases. This literature review examines veterinary services provision in the smallholder sector, focusing on the Zimbabwean context. Through a desktop review of published literature, the study investigates the evolution of veterinary services for smallholder farmers, the key actors involved, and their interactions. It also explores the challenges faced by farmers in accessing veterinary services and identify the gaps in and scope of service provision with a view to identifying ways of improving service delivery. The study showed that the arrangements for provision of veterinary services to the smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe was inadequate. The findings highlight the critical need for an integrated approach to service delivery, involving state veterinary services, the private sector, and community-based animal health workers. The paper concludes by offering recommendations on specific roles of each service provider within an integrated system to enhance service provision in the smallholder sector. This research contributes to the understanding of effective veterinary services and their role in supporting agricultural growth in Zimbabwe.
Dengue – Therapeutic Efforts in Mexico
Authors: Trelles-Hernández Daniela , López-Vargas Ener René , del Carpio-Orantes Luis
Published: October 2023

In this communication, we present the research efforts regarding dengue treatments that are being carried out in Mexico, a country that suffers from the dengue pandemic. This is why they have begun to implement some treatment measures, hoping to limit the said pandemic.
The Longitudinal Mean Arterial Pressure among congestive heart failure patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Hussen Nuru , Workie Demeke Lakew
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Congestive heart failure could be defined as a condition where there is a performance or structural impairment of the heart. So this study was targeted on the determinants of the longitudinal mean arterial pressure among heart failure patients treated from January 2016 to December 2019 at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

METHODS
Hospital-based retrospective data were assembled from the medical chart of 218 randomly selected congestive heart failure patients. The linear mixed effects model corresponding to unstructured_ _covariance structure was employed to spot out the determinants of mean arterial pressure among in patients with congestive heart failure.

RESULTS
Individual profile plot of mean arterial pressure showed the existence of variability among and between those patients. Moreover, the mean profile plot demonstrated a linearly increasing pattern over the follow-up times. The random intercept and slope model corresponding to unstructured covariance structure was the best fit (AIC: 6001.9(χ^2=80.83), P < 0.0001) as compared to the remaining models. The estimates for age, left ventricle ejection fraction, serum sodium concentration, visit times, serum hemoglobin concentration, residence(rural) and New York Heart Association Classes I, II, and III were given as 0.3758(P-value: <0.0001), 0.2933(P-value: <0.0001), 0.1941(P-value: <0.0001), 0.4471(P-value: 0.0059), 0.5501(P-value: 0.0053), -9.9858(P-value: <0.0001), 18.8943(P-value: 0.0001), 10.8833(P-value: <0.0001) and 2.7318(P-value: 0.0001) respectively, and they are statistically associated with the longitudinal mean arterial pressure of congestive heart failure patients.

CONCLUSION
The linear mixed effects model corresponding to unstructured covariance structure provides an information on the existence of within and between subjects variations and correlations in addition to identifying the significant factors associated with the longitudinal mean arterial pressure of congestive heart failure patients. So, an application of standard models may ignore such a variation among successive measurements. Thus mixed effects model is recommended for such longitudinal data.
Switching Away From Smoking and Reduction in Cigarette Consumption among US Adult Purchasers of the JUUL System across 24 Months Including Diverse Subpopulations Disproportionately Affected by Cigarette Smoking
Authors: Kim Sooyong , Goldenson Nicholas , Selya Arielle , Shiffman Saul
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can reduce tobacco-related risks for adults who smoke cigarettes (AWS) by facilitating complete switching away from combustible cigarettes. However, little is known about ENDS use and switching among subpopulations that have been disproportionately affected by smoking, which could contribute to reducing tobacco-related disparities.

METHODS: AWS (age≥21 years) were recruited following their first purchase of a JUUL Starter Kit in 2018. Participants self-reported switching (no past-30-day cigarette smoking) at 1-, 2-, 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 15-, 18-, 21-, and 24-months follow-up assessments. Percent switched and percent with a substantial smoking reduction from baseline (≥50% decrease in cigarettes/day among those who continued smoking) were analyzed. Analyses focused on racial/ethnic minorities, persons with low income and education levels, sexual minorities, and those with mental and physical health conditions.

RESULTS: Overall rates of switching away from cigarettes increased across follow-ups to 51.2% at Month 12 and 58.6% at Month 24. Among those who continued to smoke, 45.4% reported a substantial smoking reduction in Month 24. Rates of switching and substantial smoking reduction were similar between subgroups disproportionately affected by cigarette smoking and their referent counterparts, except for lower switch rates in individuals with physical health conditions.

CONCLUSIONS: AWS demonstrated progressively increasing switching rates over two years after purchasing JUUL products. A similar trend was also observed across populations disproportionately affected by smoking. ENDS products such as JUUL may provide an opportunity to benefit population health and reduce tobacco-related disparities among AWS.
Does Tobacco Make Consumers Happy? Evidence From Cameroon
Authors: Nanfosso Roger Tsafack , Hilaire Nkengfack , Tadzong Mouafo Paul , Kountchou Armand Mboutchouang
Published: October 2023

The main objective of this paper is to study the effects of tobacco consumption and addiction on happiness in Cameroon. Data used come from the 2014 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) which provides a specific module on the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) on a sample of 14,712 respondents whose 9,861 are women. Tobacco consumption is assessed whether an individual actively smokes, while tobacco addiction considers the frequency and intensity of smoking. The happiness index is measured as a well-known measure of subjective well-being based on a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). Results show that tobacco consumption and addiction are associated with lower levels of happiness. This finding is robust while addressing endogeneity and conducting sensitivity analysis by sex and residential milieu. Specifically, comparing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) results with the two-stage least square (2SLS) results, we find that, the OLS results understate the effects of tobacco consumption and addiction on happiness. It appears that smoking has both physical costs and mental health consequences on tobacco consumers. For instance, female consumers are more hurt by tobacco. Hence, quit gender-sensitive strategies may benefit from including the mental health effect that tobacco generates on consumers.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak UMKM di Kota Serang
Authors: Hidayat Alan
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Serang. Kepatuhan wajib pajak UMKM menjadi isu penting mengingat peran UMKM yang signifikan dalam perekonomian namun masih rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan pemilik UMKM sebagai partisipan utama. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi terhadap pemilik UMKM yang terdaftar sebagai wajib pajak di Kota Serang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan tematik, di mana temuan kualitatif dikategorikan menjadi tema dan subtema yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak UMKM, termasuk pemahaman tentang kewajiban pajak, kesadaran akan manfaat pembayaran pajak, kemudahan akses informasi, kepercayaan terhadap lembaga perpajakan, dan pengaruh lingkungan sosial. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa faktor-faktor seperti pemahaman, kesadaran, akses informasi, kepercayaan, dan lingkungan sosial memainkan peran penting dalam mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak UMKM di Kota Serang. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini mencakup perlunya penyuluhan dan edukasi yang lebih intensif kepada pemilik UMKM mengenai kewajiban pajak, peningkatan akses informasi yang mudah dan terjangkau, serta perluasan jaringan kerja antara lembaga perpajakan dan UMKM untuk membangun kepercayaan dan dukungan.
Strategi Digital Marketing Communications Gym ‘Fortis Calisthenics’ Dalam Meningkatkan Engagement
Authors: Jannah Husniatul , Saifulloh Muhammad , Prihatiningsih Nunuk
Published: October 2023

Seiring semakin meningkatnya penggunaan media sosial dewasa ini dan ketatnya persaingan di industri gym, membuat perusahaan tertarik melakukan strategi digital marketing communication untuk meningkatkan engagement. Khalayak begitu banyak terkena terpaan konten-konten digital di media sosial sehingga sulit untuk menyadari konten yang menarik dan unik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu strategi yang tepat untuk mempengaruhi perhatian dan meningkatkan kesadaran khalayak online. Berdasarkan uraian permasalahan tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi digital marketing communication GYM ‘Fortis Calisthenics’ dalam meningkatkan engagement. Penelitian ini menggunakan model SOSTAC dan model RACE untuk membahas penelitian tentang strategi digital marketing. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitiannya deskriptif. Metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam. Analisis data kualitatif dengan mengkategorikan jawaban. Triangulasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teori. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Strategi digital marketing communication GYM ‘Fortis Calisthenics’ dalam meningkatkan engagement yakni mengacu pada konsep SOSTAC dan RACE. Strategi yang diterapkan yakni push strategy dengan secara aktif dan reguler memposting digital konten di media sosial Instagram dan TikTok untuk menarik perhatian dan meningkatkan engagement. Digital konten yang diposting mencakup monday workout, jadwal latihan, dan kegiatan lainnya. Saran penelitian: Sebaiknya tim media sosial GYM ‘Fortis Calisthenics’ lebih kreatif dan inovatif lagi didalam membuat konten agar terlihat menarik, seperti membuat konten cara hidup sehat dan konten tentang konsumsi makanan untuk olahraga Calisthenics sehingga hal ini dapat menambah pengetahuan penonton
Perilaku Konservasi Energi Rumah Tangga dalam Merespons Kenaikan Harga Energi
Authors: Rachmatsyah T. Herry
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki arti penting karena berkontribusi pada pemahaman mengenai dampak kenaikan harga energi terhadap perilaku dan sikap konservasi energi di kalangan rumah tangga terutama rumah tangga berpendapatan menengah, sekaligus mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku dan sikap tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian kualitatif digunakan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang pengalaman dan sudut pandang para partisipan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Untuk menganalisis data, Atlas.Ti digunakan untuk membuat tema dari jawaban partisipan. Hasil penelitian menyoroti pentingnya persepsi kontrol perilaku dalam menentukan pilihan rumah tangga dan pentingnya mempertimbangkan ketersediaan dan aksesibilitas solusi hemat energi yang disesuaikan dengan keadaan rumah tangga. Temuan penelitian ini mempunyai penerapan praktis bagi pembuat kebijakan dan penyedia energi yang berupaya mendukung rumah tangga dalam menerapkan praktik energi berkelanjutan.
Representasi Makna Humor Dalam Live Tiktok Tante Lala Versi Hijab Bandung
Authors: Rizqi Musthofa Alef
Published: October 2023

Komunikasi merupakan proses penyampaian pesan melalui media dari komunikator kepada komunikan, komunikasi sering terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dimana tujuan komunikasi adalah keberhasilan komunikasi dari komunikator kepada komunikan. Komunikasi memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam dunia bisnis ketika mempromosikan produk atau layanan kepada pelanggan potensial. Penelitian ini berjudul Representasi Makna Humor Dalam Live Tiktok Tante Lala Versi Hijab Bandung, Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkonstruksi makna humor didalam live tiktok tante lala versi hijab Bandung, menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teori semiotic Ferdinand De Sausure yang menitik beratkan pada petanda (signifier) dan penanda (signified). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Signifier (petanda) : Tante Lala selalu marah – marah kepada owner hijab, penonton dan juga dirinya sepanjang live streaming karena kesal tidak dapat menggunakan hijab yang sedang dipromosikan dan tidak ada penonton yang membantunya menggunakan hijab dengan benar. Signified (penanda) : Kemarahan tante Lala pada saat live dianggap sebuah humor dimana termasuk dalam jenis humor sinisme. Humor sinisme merupakan humor yang merendahkan orang lain, dimana terdapat orang yang direndahkan tante Lala dengan cara dimarahi. Dari hasil wawancara kesimpulan yang didapat adalah promosi yang menggunakan konsep humor di Indonesia sangatlah efektif. Sesuai dengan rata – rata karakter orang Indonesia yang memiliki selera humor dengan tingkat tinggi. Begitupun dengan melakukan promosi melalui media sosial TikTok.
Implementasi Marketing Public Relations PT Gojek Dalam Penggunaan Aplikasi Gopay Bagi Customer
Authors: Aditiansyah Muhammad Fajri , MLT Rialdo Rezeky , Hamzah Radja Erland
Published: October 2023

Fenomena pemakaian digital dalam kehidupan  manusia di  Revolusi  Industri 4.0 semakin meningkat tajam, salah satunya terciptanya aplikasi financial technology Gopay yang merupakan milik perusahaan PT. Gojek. Perusahaan transportasi online ini menciptakan aplikasi GoPay sebagai alat pembayaran konsumen untuk berbagai kebutuhan. Keberhasilan aplikasi GoPay hingga dapat diterima masyarakat luas dikarenakan adanya peran marketing public relations. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Marketing Public Relations PT Gojek dalam mengimplementasikan Penggunaan Aplikasi Gopay Bagi Customer. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori marketing public relations dan konsep PENCIL untuk mengulas Marketing Public Relations PT Gojek dalam mengimplementasikan penggunaan aplikasi Gopay. Paradigma penelitian ini menggunakan konstruktivisme, jenis penelitian deskriptif, dan metode studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara, observasi, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa alasan marketing public relations mempromosikan aplikasi GoPay dikarenakan masyarakat saat ini ingin melakukan segala aktivitas secara praktis dan simple seperti aktivitas untuk pembayaran apa pun tanpa biaya yang besar. Kemudian, konsep PENCIL (publications, events, news, community involvement, inform, social responsibility, lobyying) telah diterapkan dengan baik oleh humas PT Gojek didalam penggunaan aplikasi GoPay.
Smart Disaster Management Solutions for Risk Mitigation and Preparedness in Tehran, Iran
Authors:   Department of Law Enforcement Operation, Faculty of Police Science and Technology, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran., Azizi Ali , Eskandari Sedgh Hossein ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science, Defensive Science Research Center, Tehran, Iran., Ghazi Ali ,   Department of Regional Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background and objective The city of Tehran is facing serious challenges in the field of disaster management due to high population densities and being in a natural disaster-prone area. This study aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses (internal factors) and the opportunities and threats (external factors) of crisis management in Tehran at the stages of risk mitigation and preparedness, focusing on prioritizing relevant strategies for smart disaster management. Method A mixed-method approach was used in this study. The data were collected using a library method and semi-structured interviews. Ten experts in smart city, disaster management, and urban planning were interviewed. The SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) technique was used for the analysis, while the quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) was employed for strategy prioritization. Results The internal factors had a score of 2.333, and external factors had a score of 2.351. Based on the strategic position and action evaluation (SPACE) matrix, the most suitable strategic position to address the challenges of smart disaster management in Tehran was a defensive position. After evaluating 23 strategies according to the total attractiveness scores in the QSPM, the following strategies had the highest priorities: WT3 with a total attractiveness score of 5.593, ST5 with a total score of 5.127, WO3 with a total score of 5.125, WT2 with a total score of 5.055, WO4 with a total score of 5.009, and SO1 with a total score of 4.988. Conclusion Based on the prioritized strategies, it is important to identify and monitor facilities and urban equipment with improper placement, particularly in areas with high construction rates, using online tools. Online databases should be used for locating and rectifying the positions of existing and future facilities. It is also essential to establish restrictive laws to prevent construction in flood-prone areas, and their implementation should be monitored. Furthermore, a smart system for managing worn-out urban fabrics should be designed and executed for collecting information on such fabrics online and registering the beneficiaries.
Optimum Location for Backup Land Uses From the Perspective of Passive Defense in Urmia City
Authors:   Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Farri Mohammad , Babakhani Malihe ,   Department of Urban, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Hashempour Rahim ,   Department of Urban, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background and objective This study aim is to find the optimal location form backup land uses from the perspective of passive defense in Urmia City. This is an applied, descriptive, and analytical study. Method Data collection was done using documentary data, a field study, and a questionnaire. Participants were 10 experts in this subject, who were selected purposefully. The network analysis process (ANP) was used to analyze the data. A dynamic and comprehensive model was prepared to locate fuel centers, fire stations, and hospitals from the perspective of passive defense. Results The findings showed that Ali Gorge neighborhood and a part of the Hezaran neighborhood were suitable places for fire stations. Ali Gorge neighborhood was a completely suitable location for fuel stations. Moreover, the neighborhoods of Ali Gorge and Haft-Asiab were completely suitable locations for the construction of hospitals. Conclusion It can be concluded that Ali Gorge neighborhood has more suitable conditions than other neighborhoods for locating backup land uses. Therefore, special attention should be paid to this neighborhood by the city managers.
Assessing the Architectural Compatibility of Urban Buildings With Passive Defense Principles in Eslamshahr City
Authors:   Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran., Rostampisheh Maryam , Arbabi Sabzevari Azadeh ,   Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran., Navidi Majd Fereshteh ,   Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Background and objective Urban security is one of the important challenges for urban managers and planners. In this regard, the passive defense approach in urbanization and residential constructions is considered by urban management as a way to cope with natural and man-made disasters and manage the crisis. The present study aims to develop a conceptual model for the architectural compatibility of buildings in Eslamshahr County, Tehran, Iran, with passive defense principles by assessing the compatible and non-compatible elements to provide essential strategies. Method This is a quantitative-qualitative study. The participants were 30 experts in the field of urban security in Eslamshahr. The data analysis was done using statistical tests such as binominal test, one sample T-test, exploratory factor analysis, and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) technique. Results The results indicated that the constructions in Eslamshahr are not so compatible with the passive defense principles; the level of compatibility was low to moderate. Conclusion The conceptual model was based on four main categories, including stimulating factors, developing factors, leading factors, and supportive factors. The relations between these categories were set according to the structure of a car wheel, which can be the basis for using stable and safe architecture in constructions.
Design of Power Circuits of a Flexible-Rigid Printed Board Using Simulation Tools
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Makeev P. A. , Muzafarov I. R. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Landyshev D. V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Galimov I. R. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI
Published: October 2023

The possibility of designing a power supply circuit on a flexible-rigid printed circuit board to ensure the stable operation of DDR4 memory chips is considered. A pretopological modeling of a flexible-rigid printed circuit board was carried out, and a matrix of decoupling capacitors was formed. An automated placement of elements on a flexible-rigid printed circuit board was performed, accounting for the criteria of thermal and electromagnetic compatibility using a two-level genetic algorithm. The features of tracing the power circuit are considered. A post-topological modeling of a flexible-rigid printed circuit board was carried out, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach to designing and choosing mathematical models.
Construction of a Bode Diagram Based on Experimental Data
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Telnov A. A.
Published: October 2023

Studies the construction of the Bode diagram of the system under study based on experimental data. The object under consideration is the PID controller circuit, which consists of an operational amplifier and passive R and C elements. The reliability of the results obtained was verified by computer simulation of the circuit under study in the LTspice circuit simulation environment.