bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS METODE TOKEN KIMIA TERHADAP HASIL DAN RETENSI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR DI KELAS X MAN 3 PONTIANAK
Authors: Sarah Mai , Fadhilah Raudhatul , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: January 2020

Student learning results and retention is still low on periodic system learning elements caused by a lack of motivation students in the periodic table system memorize elements and lack of reward when students are already able to memorize the table Periodic system of such elements. So it requires a learning method that can motivate students in deleting periodic table system elements. The study aims to determine the difference in outcomes and retention of learning between students taught with and without using the chemical token method on the periodic element system material, knowing the great effectiveness of the chemical token method of the results and Student learning retention on periodic element system materials in class X MAN 3 Pontianak. This research uses the type of experimental Quasi research with the design of control group design. The sampling technique uses saturated sampling with the X-class of MIA as the experimental class and X-grade IIS 2 as the control class. Data collection techniques using measurement, observation and interview techniques, while the data collection tools are test results and learning retention, interpreters and observation sheets. Analysis Data Using Test-T shows that there are differences in learning outcomes while learning retention differences are known through the Mann-Whitney U test with the result that there is a difference in learning retention between students taught with and without Using a chemical token method. Learning with the chemical token method affects student learning outcomes by 22.91% by medium category, and 10-day student study retention of 36.86% with high category.
Multidimensional Integral Calculus Visualization
Authors: Ruiz Estrada Mario Arturo
Published: January 2020

The idea to write this
research paper is to introduce a new multidimensional graphical approach to
visualize a large number of integrals behavior in different periods of time and
spaces under the application of the Megasfinity Coordinate Space. The
Megasfinity Coordinate Space is willing to mapping a large number of integrals in
different dimensions and periods of time extensively in the same graphical
space as a whole.
Dirençli Kentlerde Belediyelerin Suç Önlemedeki Rolüne Yeni Bir Bakış
Authors: PAYAM Mehmet Murat
Published: January 2020

Birleşmiş Milletlere göre, kentlerde beş kişiden biri suç mağduru olmakta ve kentsel suç, kent güvenliği açısından üç büyük tehditten biri olarak görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma için 2030 Gündeminin 11. hedefi, kentleri ve insan yerleşim yerlerini kapsayıcı, güvenli, dirençli ve sürdürülebilir hale getirmektir. Her ne kadar suçları önlemek ve suçla mücadele etmek merkezi yönetimlerin ana sorumluluğunda olsa da, yerel sorunlara yerel çözümler noktasında belediyelerin, suçları önlemede anahtar sorumluluğu olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, suç önleme ve kentlerin gelecek nesiller için daha güvenli hale getirilmesinde, güvenlik yönetişimi çerçevesinde belediyelerin oynaması gereken kilit roller açıklanmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle dirençli kent ve kentsel güvenlik, suç önleme, yönetişim ve güvenlik yönetişimi kavramları yerel yönetimler bağlamında tartışılmıştır. Daha sonra güvenlik yönetişimi çerçevesinde belediyelerin suç önleme konusundaki rolüne değinilmiştir. Son olarak, kentlerde daha etkili suç önleme ve suçla mücadele bağlamında belediyelere uygulanabilir önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bu makale, belediyelere suç önlemede yardımcı olabilecek politika, eylem stratejileri ve önerileri sunmayı amaçlaması bakımından önemlidir. Makalenin, suçu önleme ve suçla daha etkin mücadele bağlamında yerel düzeyde uygun politika uygulamalarının tanımlanmasına ve işe koşulmasına yardımcı olacağına inanılmaktadır.
EKSPOSISI MATIUS 2 AYAT 15
Authors: Rantesalu Marsi Bombongan , Rupa Calvin Sholla
Published: January 2020

the intention of Matthew to quote Hosea 11: 1 is first, Matthew sees Jesus as the essence of Israel; second, is Matthew's way of addressing Jews and convincing them that Jesus is a fulfillment of prophecy in the Old Testament; third, in interpreting the Bible, the interpreter must give full discretion to the application of the verses in the scriptures.
Sacralization of the Beautiful in the Practice of Moral and Ideological Construction of Statehood
Authors: Bakumenko Gennady , Gritsenko Vasiliy
Published: January 2020

В современном российском обществе важную роль играет тема национальной государственной идеологии. Это потому, что национальная идея и идеология в целом выступают интегрирующей силой. Анализ проблематики духовной составляющей в традиционной идеологии русской идеи ведёт к обоснованию необходимости трансляции культурной традиции, накопленного поколениями исторического духовного опыта.In modern Russian society, the theme of national state ideology plays an important role. This is because the national idea and ideology as a whole act as an integrating force. An analysis of the problems of the spiritual component in the traditional ideology of the Russian idea leads to the justification of the need to translate the cultural tradition accumulated by generations of historical spiritual experience.
PENENTUAN HASIL EVALUASI PEMILIHAN SPESIES POHON DALAM PENGENDALIAN POLUSI UDARA PABRIK SEMEN BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI
Authors: Azzahro Fiona , Yulfiah  , Anjarwati
Published: January 2020

The rapid development of the country in Indonesia, especially in the fields of industry and technology, is inseparable from the problem of air pollution, especially in the environment, namely pollutant gas and dust. Air pollution needs to be environmentally friendly by increasing the amount of vegetation or reforestation by planting tree species that have the ability to grow and absorb pollutant gases and absorb dust particles in polluted environmental conditions. The study uses descriptive analysis by assessing tree elements macroscopically to select the appropriate tree species and can be recommended as an absorber of gas pollutants and dust absorbers based on tree suitability scoring. The results showed that of 7 (seven) dominant tree species identified, there were 3 (three) dominant tree species that were very suitable, 3 (three) dominant tree species were suitable, and only 1 (one) dominant tree species were not suitable for air pollutant gas. Whereas the evaluation of the function of dust particle absorption shows that all dominant tree species studied have the appropriate criteria in absorbing dust with the acquisition of 65% -75% evaluation value.
Temperature, desiccation, and species performance trends along an intertidal elevation gradient
Authors: Eckersley Lindsay K. , Scrosati Ricardo Augusto
Published: January 2020

This study investigated the effects of intertidal elevation on ecologically relevant temperature traits and the intensity of organism desiccation during low tides on a subpolar NW Atlantic shore. The goal was to relate those descriptors of environmental stress to elevational changes in the growth of dominant sessile species (algae and mussels) that influence overall community structure. In-situ measurements taken at the low, middle, and high intertidal zones revealed that daily temperature maxima, daily temperature range, and desiccation rate increased significantly from low to high elevations. Conditions were especially stressful at the high zone, as the highest temperature (47 °C, recorded during aerial exposure at low tide) more than doubled seawater temperature and desiccation rate surpassed 90 %. Transplant experiments showed that seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) and mussel (Mytilus edulis) growth rate decreased dramatically from low to high elevations. Therefore, although subpolar shores are mostly known for their harsh winter conditions, the pronounced vertical stress gradient that characterizes the intertidal zone during ice-free months also plays a major role in determining spatial changes in benthic species performance. Our study also suggests that inferring stress differences between habitats based on growth data from transplanted specimens may be a useful field method to further develop stress ecological theory.
More Efficient Shielding for Internal than External Attention? Evidence from Asymmetrical Switch Costs
Authors: Verschooren Sam , Pourtois Gilles , Egner Tobias
Published: January 2020

At present, the process of switching attention between external stimuli and internal representations is not well understood. To address this, Verschooren and colleagues (2019) recently designed a novel paradigm where participants were cued to switch attention between external and internal information on a trial-by-trial basis. The authors observed an asymmetrical switch cost, which was larger when switching towards internal than external material, even though participants performed internal trials faster. In the current study, we sought to establish the cause of this asymmetry by adjudicating between predictions from three theoretical accounts: associative interference, priming, and memory retrieval. After replicating the original asymmetry (Experiment 1), we demonstrate that trial-by-trial carryover of attentional settings is not a necessary precondition (Experiment 2). The results from Experiment 3 indicate that the cost asymmetry can be best explained by an associative interference account, against a memory retrieval one. Together, these results therefor provide evidence in favor of an associative interference account and document that shielding attention for internal representations from external intrusions is more efficient than the other way around. This finding advances our understanding of a core aspect of cognitive flexibility and the relationship between external and internal attention. More research on this question and novel ones raised by it is necessary, however.
Neuroticism and home bias
Authors: Niszczota Paweł
Published: January 2020

In this paper I investigate whether neuroticism has a negative impact on investment in foreign securities, exacerbating the ‘home bias’ present while investing in stocks and bonds. This hypothesis is motivated by research which: (1) established a link between neuroticism and fear of uncertainty, (2) revealed that investors feel greater uncertainty when considering investment in foreign securities, and (3) shown that negative affect impacts in-group bias. I explore this hypothesis on both the country level (using cross-country observational data) and individual level (using the responses of students that were given a hypothetical investment scenario). Additionally, I explore whether the predicted relationship is further exacerbated when uncertainty or anxiety is high, or when the investment destination is dissimilar from the investors’ own country. The country-level analysis reveals that investors from high-neuroticism countries generally invest less in foreign equities than investors from other countries, and provides some support that this tendency can become more pronounced when investing in times of high uncertainty or in culturally dissimilar countries. The hypothesized relationship is also present in the responses of male students in a high-anxiety (stressful) condition. Given that professional investors are predominantly male, and work under high stress, this explains to some extent why investors have a bias towards domestic securities.
Challenges of Early Career Researchers in Africa
Authors: Shinkafi Tijjani Salihu
Published: January 2020

Early career researchers (ECRs) are those researchers or academics (having not more than 8 years post PhD experience) at a very early stage which is the most active phase of research following the award of PhD. African universities have a fewer number of researchers with PhD in the world. Most universities have challenges of funding that could not allow the researchers to carry out research effectively. This necessitates for foreign training. Some government funding agencies such as Tetfund and PTDF in Nigeria provide the opportunity to Nigerian researchers to travel to other countries to conduct research leading to the award of PhD. Some other category of researchers remains within the continent or in their country to pursue their PhD degree. When these PhD holders are recruited (Early Career Researchers) to teach and conduct research in Africa they face a number of challenges. The major difficulties that are peculiar to ECRs in Africa are lack of mentorship, funding, laboratory space in addition to other ones that ECRs of developed countries experience such as lack of getting enough time for research, publishing and career progression. Provision should, therefore, be made to support these ECRs to become fully established after completing the PhD otherwise the purpose of the training (PhD) will not be achieved if the scholars ran away from the universities or research institutes.
PENGARUH APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK dan SILIKA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN CABAI MERAH
Authors: Susanto Muhammad Agus , Soedradjad Raden
Published: January 2020

Tingginya tingkat konsumsi cabai merah besar harus di imbangi dengan produksi agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi cabai merah di Indonesia. Tingkat konsumsi cabai merah besar didalam outlook komoditas tanaman pangan dan hortikultura pada tahun 2017 masih belum terpenuhi sebesar 183.833 ton. Kendala yang di hadapi yaitu tingkat kesuburan tanah yang rendah. Kondisi bahan organik dan silika hasil analisis tanah yang digunakan budidaya tanaman cabai menunjukkan tingkat C-Organik tanah dengan nilai 1,78 % dan silika tersedia 430,6 (SiO2 mg/kg) kedua hara termasuk kedalam harkat rendah berdasarkan panduan analisis tanah 2009. Perlakuan yang dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pupuk organik dan pupuk silika pada media tanam cabai merah besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan menggunakan 3 ulangan dengan faktor pertama pupuk organik (P) terdiri dari 4 taraf dengan dosis pupuk organik 0g, 62,5g, 125g dan 250g. Faktor kedua pemeberian pupuk silika (S) terdiri dari 4 taraf 0g, 0,85g, 1,69g dan 2,59g. Hasil aplikasi pupuk organik dan pupuk silika terdapat pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai merah. Hasil dapat dilihat pada variabel pengamatan laju pertumbuhan, biomasa, presentase bunga, jumlah buah, dan berat total buah. Perlakuan Terbaik terdapat pada kombinasi Organik 250g dengan Silika 0,85g.
PENGARUH DESAIN DAN WARNA PERANGKAP FEROMOID UNTUK PEMANTAUAN PENGGEREK BATANG PADI KUNING (SCIRPOPHAGA INCERTULAS)
Authors: Rosidi Ahmad , Suharto Suharto , Sulistyanto Didik
Published: January 2020

Salah satu kendala produksi padi menurun adalah serangan hama Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning (Shcirpophaga incertulas). Aplikasi insektisida akan lebih tepat jika berdasarkan pemantauan ngengat dan juga tingkat kerusakan. Kerusakan tanaman padi yang di sebabkan hama Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning (Shcirpophaga incertulas) dapat dilakukan degan memanfaatkan feromoid baik untuk pemantauan maupun penangkapan massal ngengat jantan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji Pengaruh desain dan warna perangkap feromon sebagai alat pemantau Shcirpophaga incertulas pada pertanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Penelitian dilakukan di Lahan Padi Kecamatan Tanggul, Kabupaten Jember pada bulan Desember 2017 sampai selesai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 3x3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Faktor 1). Desain perangkap yaitu Ukiriguru ukuran 1,5 L, Aqua ukuran 1,5 L, dan Stoples ukuran 1,5 L. Faktor 2). Warna perangkap yaitu transparan, kuning dan hijau. Parameter penelitian meliputi jumlah ngengat yang tertangkap, intensitas serangan hama penggerek batang padi kuning. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis berdasarkan analisis sidik ragam atau anova, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada taraf 5% bila perlakuan berbeda nyata. Hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan tidak terdapat interaksi antara desain perangkap dan warna perangkap terhadap tangkapan ngengat jantan. Perangkap desain aqua dan warna transparan paling efektif menarik ngengat jantan.
APLIKASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN ROCK PHOSPHATE TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIOLOGI TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Lestari Sherly Meirdania , Soedradjad R. , Soeparjono Sigit , Setiawati Tri Candra
Published: January 2020

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential nutrients that functions is metabolism in plant. Based on these functions, it indicates that nutrient P has an important role for plant growth and production. However, its availability in soil is very low, which is less than 0.01% of the total P. Therefore, the availability of P nutrients in the soil needs to be increased by increasing the activity of soil microorganisms through the use of phosphate solubilization bacteria. This research is aimed to show the changes in the physiological characteristics of tomato plants through the application of phosphate solubilization bacteria and rock phosphate. Experiment using factorial randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of 2 factors with 2 consultation levels on the first factor (phosphate solubilization bacteria) and 4 levels on the second factor (rock phosphate), and it consist of 8 combinationed of phosphate solubilization bacteria and rock phosphate with 3 replicated. The results showed that the combination treatment of phosphate solubilization bacteria and rock phosphate affected the physiological characteristics of tomato plants, especially on the variables of stomata density, leaf chlorophyll, plant height, plant dry weight, fruit weight and plant P-tissue content in the vegetative final phase. The recommendation of an efficient fertilizer combination to improve physiological characteristics and high yields is use the phosphate solubilization bacteria and rock phosphate 0.69 grams Keywords: phosphate solubilization bacteria, physiological characteristic, rock phosphate
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PRODUKSI OLAHAN IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla bicolor) PT. JAWA SUISAN INDAH, SUKABUMI
Authors: Rismah . , Karim Muhamad , Yodfiatfinda .
Published: January 2020

PT. Java Suisan Indah is an agribusiness company engaged in eel farming where the products are purposed to export market.  The company is still facing difficulties in fulfilling the quality stock of eel raw materials, due to high mortality in the cultivation stage and availability of eel seeds as well. The goals  of this study are (i) to identifies internal and external factors that influence the business development system of PT. JSI and, (ii) to formulating the alternative strategies in order to prioritize business development that can be applied at PT. JSI. The sampling method  uses a purposive sampling technique where respondents act as expert adjustments. The results of this study are concluded; (i) PT JSI must maintain prices and improve the quality of eel processed products by prioritizing distinctive flavors accompanied by diverse product variants to increase international consumer loyalty to PT JSI's products. This strategy based on QSPM analysis obtained a STAS value of 6.862 ; (ii) intensifying and promoting processed eel products through social media for the domestic market to expand sales and be widely known to the public. This strategy based on QSPM analysis obtained a STAS value of 6.514. And (iii) applied a plasma core-core partnership model between PT JSI as the core and eel farmers as plasma. This partnership process is carried out to meet and increase the need for a stock of raw materials to produce eel forceps. This strategy based on QSPM analysis obtained a STAS value of 6.426.Keywords: Eel, STAS, Sukabumi, QSPM
An Innovative Design of Magnetorheological Lateral Damper for Secondary Suspension of a Train
Authors: Masa'id Aji , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Lenggana Bhre Wangsa , Muhayat Nurul , Wibowo Wibowo , Mazlan Saiful Amri ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia,   National Center for Sustainable Transportation Technology, Indonesia,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia,   Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: January 2020

This article delivered an innovative idea of a magnetorheological (MR) damper for secondary suspension of train bogie. The valve inside MR damper adopted meandering of both fluid flow and magnetic flux for improving magnetization area. In this work, the design and working principle of the MR valve were presented including a mathematical model to predict the pressure drop. In the early stage, the finite element method magnetics software (FEMM) simulation could predict the magnetic flux density across the passages. Based on the amount of magnetic flux, the corresponding shear yield stress could be determined from its basic physical properties. The mathematical model covered pressure drop prediction for both off-state and on-state. The FEMM simulation results showed that the meandering flow and serpentine flux design could improve the effective area of magnetization. Consequently, the pressure drop of the valve could have wider ranges and achieve a high value of pressure differences. This result could be potentially improving the performance of the damping forces of the lateral damper in a bogie train.
PERANAN ORGANISASI TERHADAP PRILAKU INDIVIDU, DISIPLIN DAN MOTIVASI YANG BERDAMPAK MEMBANGUN KINERJA
Authors: Muhammad Idris. D.M
Published: January 2020

Ilmu tentang perilaku, disiplin, motivasi tentunya tidak terlepas dari teori-teori yang melandasinya. Terdapat beberapa teori perilaku, disiplin dan  motivasi, yang memusatkan perhatian pada faktorfaktor individu yang mendorong, mengarahkan, mempertahankan, dan menghentikan perilaku, mereka mencoba menentukan kebutuhan-kebutuhan spesifik yang dapat memotivasi orang. Teori ini memusatkan diri pada kebutuhan individu dalam menjelaskan kepuasan kerja, perilaku kerja dan sistem imbalan. Selanjutnya teori ini menjelaskan bahwa efesiensi kebutuhan di dalam diri individu memicu semua respon perilaku bagi para pemimpin maupun manajer, agar menjadi efektif. Perilaku organisasi juga dikenal sebagai studi tentang organisasi. Studi ini adalah sebuah bidang akademik khusus yang mempelajari organisasi, maka dengan memanfaatkan metode dari ekonomi, sosiologi, ilmu politik, antropologi dan psikologi. Disiplin lain yang terkait dengan studi ini adalah studi tentang sumber daya manusia dan psikologi industri serta perilaku organisasi.
OBSTACLES OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANT FOR FULFILLMENT OBLIGATION ON CONTINUOUS LEARNING PROGRAM (CLP
Authors: Sugeng Riadi,  Zahrah Indah Ferina
Published: January 2020

This study discusses the obstacles faced by Chartered Accountants (CA) in fulfilling the obligations of credit learning (SKP) in continuing learning program (PPL) to maintain their professional competencies so as to be able to compete with accountants from other countries in the Asean Economic Community (AEC). This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with speakers from Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) members who were registered CA in the Bengkulu Province. The results showed that most Chartered Accountants did not fulfill the SKP obligations due to the cost of training (cost), the time of the training conducted on weekdays (time) and training was rarely carried out in the area of ​​Bengkulu Province (location). The motivation of CA to maintain its competence is very good and ready to face the AEC which began in 2015
Permo-Pennsylvanian shark teeth from the Lower Cutler beds near Moab, Utah
Authors: Carpenter Kenneth , Ottinger Lin
Published: January 2020

Several shark teeth have been collected from limestones in the marine-nonmarine transitional zone of the lower Cutler beds in the Shafer Basin near Moab, Utah. The shark teeth include the Pennsylvanian pet­alodontiform Petalodus ohioensis, which is the first described from the state, and the Permo-Carboniferous cladodontomorph Cladodus sp. The Petalodus specimens are compared with the holotype P. hastingsae Owen, P. acuminatus (Agassiz), P. ohioensis (Shafer), and P. alleghaniensis (Leidy). Several of these key taxa are illustrated with photographs for the first time.
Evidence for niche partitioning among ground-height browsing sauropods from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America
Authors: McHugh Julia
Published: January 2020

Two tooth-bearing snout fragments from a diplodocid sauropod from the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) excavated from the Mygatt-Moore Quarry in Rabbit Valley, Colora­do are described. The Mygatt-Moore Quarry has produced thousands of vertebrate fossils from the Brushy Basin Member, with the diplodocid Apatosaurus cf. louisae and the tetanuran Allosaurus fragilis dominat­ing the assemblage. Additionally, remains of another diplodocid, Diplodocus sp., have been found near the quarry within Rabbit Valley. Both specimens in this study preserve eight teeth per alveolar position, as observed through broken surfaces at the gross anatomical level and also through computed tomography (CT) scans. This is inconsistent with the genus Diplodocus sp., which has been previously shown to have a maximum of six teeth per alveolus. The presence of eight replacement teeth per alveolus has previously only been reported in the Cretaceous rebbachisaurid Nigersaurus taqueti, which has been interpreted to have occupied a similar ground-height browsing feeding strategy to both Diplodocus and Apatosaurus. This is the first report of this type of high-count replacement teeth in a diplodocid sauropod from the Morrison Formation. The high number of replacement teeth in a close relative to the contemporaneous Diplodocus provides evidence for niche partitioning among the contemporary ground-height browsing diplodocid sauropods of the Late Jurassic Period in North America.
History and geology of the Cope’s Nipple Quarries in Garden Park, Colorado—type locality of giant sauropods in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation
Authors: Carpenter Kenneth
Published: January 2020

The discovery in 1877 of what proved to be an extensive multi-taxa bonebed from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation helped kick-start the first Jurassic “Dinosaur Rush.” Located north of Cañon City, Colorado, the site, known today as Cope’s Nipple within the Garden Park National Natural Landmark, was worked by Oramel and Ira Lucas from 1877 to 1884, again by the Carnegie Museum in 1901, and sporadically by the Denver Museum of Natural History from 1991 to 1996. The history of this work is presented in depth for the first time using extensive archival records. The quarries occur in a single horizon around the base of Cope’s Nipple and represents a widespread bonebed in distal overbank silty mudstone that was subsequently modified by pedogenesis. Limited taphonomic data indicate the bonebed was a mix of allochthonous and autochthonous bone.
Informations
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: January 2020

Informations
Preparation, micro-structure and mechanical properties of porous carbonate apatite using chicken bone as raw material
Authors: Nguyen Tram Xuan Thanh
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The increasing in bone loss due to trauma disease or accident leads to the demand for bone substitute materials. Autograft is the gold standard for bone graft; however, it has limited supplies and additional surgery for harvesting. Therefore, the artificial bone graft is necessary for bone defect treatment. One of the potential candidates for bone repair and regeneration is porous Carbonate Apatite (CO3Ap) due to its excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. Understanding the importance of recycling of waste materials and by-products from the food industry such as poultry bone could be used as the alternative source for starting material. Thus, recycling and adding value for the food waste could be done with the development of artificial bone graft.

Method: In this study, porous CO3Ap was prepared using bio apatite powder derived from chicken bone via the sacrificial template technique. Templates such as chopped cotton fibers were used to make porous CO3Ap with interconnecting pores. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize phase composition and structure. Carbonate content was evaluated using elemental analysis CHN (carbon hydrogen and nitrogen) analyzer.

Results: The results indicated that a pure CO3Ap block consisting of elongating pores could be obtained. Mechanical strength was evaluated in terms of Diametral Tensile Strength (DTS). Porous CO3Ap had a mean DTS value of 198.5 +/- 12.9 kPa and an average porosity of approximately 70%.

Conclusion: As a conclusion, CO3Ap containing 5.25 ± 0.03 % wt of carbonate with low crystallinity and the inter-connecting porous structure is advantageous on bone regeneration as being a useful material for application to repair the bone defect.
Simulation on power-flow dispatching cases for Microgrid with PVS and battery energy storage system
Authors: Le Phuc Duy , Bui Minh Duong , Banh Duc Hoai , Nguyen Thanh Hoan , Doan Ngoc Minh , Nguyen Minh Tung , Nguyen Minh Khoi
Published: January 2020

Modern Microgrid (MG) mainly consists of distributed generators (DGs), energy storage systems (ESSs), different loads, and protection systems. Microgrid plays an important role not only to ensure the power supply reliability but also to improve the power quality in distribution network. Moreover, deployment of distributed generators such as Photovoltaic Generation System (PVS), wind turbine generation system, and energy storage systems diversifies operation and control modes of AC microgrid in order to meet local demand response. This paper studies on power-flow dispatching cases for a MG with PVS and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), which considers the maximum power consumption generated by the PVS and minimizes the power received from the utility grid. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of BESS for actively dispatching power-flow of MG in case the PVSs cannot partially or fully meet the local demand response in peak hours. By using ETAP software, real data of the PVSs are used to do simulation and power-flow calculation for the MG, which is to evaluate the feasibility of power-flow dispatch solutions proposed in this paper.
Bencana Alam dan Konflik Agraria: Suatu Kajian Literatur
Authors: Adha Fathiah  , Afrizal  , Jendrius
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe tsunami disaster that stroked Aceh in 2004 not only resulted in massive casualties and huge economic losses, has also resulted in massive horizontal agrarian conflicts. This article will discuss how natural disasters cause horizontal agrarian conflicts. The question that will be answered is how the tsunami caused the agrarian conflicts among the people? How such agrarian conflicts affect the reconstruction effort of after tsunami which is a series of disaster mitigation. This article uses a literature review consisting of research reports, scientific journal articles, and media reports on the impact of the 2004 Aceh tsunami. Study results and media reports suggest that the tsunami disaster resulted in the loss of boundaries of community-controlled land and this causes land disputes among neighbors that influences reconstruction efforts undertaken by governments and NGOs. However, local wisdom on conflict mitigation contributes to the settlement of land conflicts and this has contributed to post-tsunami reconstruction efforts in Aceh. With that this article contributes to the development of knowledge on disaster mitigation.

 

Bencana tsunami yang melanda Aceh pada tahun 2004 tidak hanya mengakibatkan banyak korban dan kerugian ekonomi yang besar, juga menyebabkan konflik agraria horisontal yang masif. Artikel ini akan membahas bagaimana bencana alam menyebabkan konflik agraria horizontal. Pertanyaan yang akan dijawab adalah bagaimana tsunami menyebabkan konflik agraria di antara masyarakat? Bagaimana konflik agraria seperti itu memengaruhi upaya rekonstruksi setelah tsunami yang merupakan serangkaian mitigasi bencana. Artikel ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka yang terdiri dari laporan penelitian, artikel jurnal ilmiah, dan laporanmedia tentang dampak tsunami Aceh 2004. Hasil studi dan laporan media menunjukkan bahwa bencana tsunami mengakibatkan hilangnya batas-batas tanah yang dikuasai masyarakat dan ini menyebabkan perselisihan tanah di antara para tetangga yang memengaruhi upaya rekonstruksi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan LSM. Namun, kearifan lokal tentang mitigasi konflik berkontribusi pada penyelesaian konflik tanah dan ini telah berkontribusi pada upaya rekonstruksi pasca-tsunami di Aceh. Dengan itu artikel ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan pengetahuan tentang mitigasi bencana.
Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Kampung dalam Pembangunan Kampung Berbasis Lingkungan Hidup (Studi Kasus BPK Kampung Yewena, Distrik Depapre, Kabupaten Jayapura)
Authors: Christine Maya
Published: January 2020

AbstractFrom many disasters that occurred in Indonesia, natural disasters are the most frequent disasters in the 2014-2018 time span. Natural damage is suspected as one of the factors that caused various natural disasters in Indonesia. Starting from climate change to the conversion of land from forests to commercial land. This research was conducted to see the role of the Yewena Village Consultative Body in protecting the environment in its region towards the needs of village development. Role is a conception used to understand the dynamics of the integration of individuals with a social system that refers to a set of rights and obligations that are normative, which is built by the prevailing social system. This research found that BPK members of Yewena Village, combined their role as BPK (exploring community aspirations for village development planning) with their role as adat leaders from the Tepra Tribe (protecting customary land and managing the natural wealth that exists in their territory according to applicable customary law). When the proposed development threatens one of the customary functions of the land, the BPK and the Village Government seek a middle ground so that development and protection of customary lands do not hurt each other. The study used a qualitative approach in the form of case studies using in-depth interviews, observation and literature studies in data collection techniques.

 

Dari banyaknya kejadian bencana yang terjadi di Indonesia, bencana alam merupakan kejadian bencana yang paling banyak terjadi dalam rentang waktu 2014-2018. Kerusakan alam ditengarai sebagai salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya berbagai kejadian bencana alam di Indonesia. Mulai dari perubahan iklim hingga alih fungsi lahan dari hutan menjadi lahan komersil. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat peran Badan Permusyawaratan Kampung Yewena dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan di wilayahnya terhadap kebutuhan pembangunan kampung. Peran merupakan suatu konsepsi yang digunakan untuk memahami dinamika terpadunya individu dengan suatu sistem sosial yang mengacu pada serangkaian hak dan kewajiban yang bersifat normatif, yang dibangun oleh sistem kemasyarakatan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa anggota BPK Kampung Yewena, memadukan perannya sebagai BPK (menggali aspirasi masyarakat untuk perencanaan pembangunan kampung) dengan perannya sebagai tokoh adat dari Suku Tepra (melindungi tanah adat dan mengelola kekayaan alam yang ada dalam wilayahnya menurut hukum adat yang berlaku). Ketika usulan pembangunan mengancam salah satu fungsi tanah secara adat, maka BPK bersama Pemerintah Desa mencari jalan tengahnya agar pembangunan dan perlindungan terhadap tanah adat tidak saling merugikan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berupa studi kasus dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi literatur dalam teknik pengumpulan data.
Kajian Migrasi dan Livelihood Pasca Bencana
Authors: Lesti Heriyanti
Published: January 2020

AbstractNatural disasters are inherent in the lives of Indonesian people, but handling post-disaster aspects still lags behind other countries that are also vulnerable to disasters such as Japan. The post-disaster aspects that often escape are the handling of refugees and aspects of livelihood strategies or livelihood strategies in the lives of refugees after experiencing disasters. The government tends to focus only on handling rehabilitation of public facilities and forgetting the sustainability of meeting the economic needs of refugees. Refugees who migrate to areas that do not experience disasters also become a particular problem, especially related to the livelihood strategies they undertake. The handling of migrant refugees is still a matter that has not been fully dealt with seriously by the government. The fate of refugees is often overlooked when in refugee camps and after the end of the disaster. The study of this paper will analyze the efforts of people in refugees to develop their livelihood systems or livelihood systems. This paper is the result of a literature study and analyzed descriptively. Some writings show that the existence of social capital plays an important role for people in refugee camps as a binder of cooperation and key supporters to be able to develop their livelihood systems. Social capital binds them with different backgrounds in reciprocal and mutually beneficial social relations.

 

Bencana alam merupakan hal yang melekat erat dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, namun penanganan aspek pasca bencana masih mengalami banyak ketertinggalan dibandingkan negara lain yang juga rentan akan bencana seperti Jepang. Aspek pasca bencana yang seringkali luput adalah penanganan pengungsi dan aspek strategi penghidupan atau strategi nafkah dalam kehidupan pengungsi setelah mengalami bencana. Pemerintah cenderung hanya terfokus pada penanganan rehabilitasi fasilitas umum dan melupakan keberlanjutan pemenuhan kebutuhan perekonomian pengungsi. Pengungsi yang melakukan migrasi ke wilayah yang tidak mengalami bencana juga menjadi suatu persoalan tersendiri terutama terkait persoalan strategi nafkah yang mereka lakukan. Penanganan pengungsi yang bermigrasi masih menjadi hal yang belum sepenuhnya ditangani dengan serius oleh pemerintah. Nasib pengungsi seringkali terabaikan ketika di lokasi pengungsian dan setelah berakhirnya bencana Kajian tulisan ini akan menganalisis mengenai upaya masyarakat yang berada di pengungsian mengembangkan sistem penghidupan atau sistem nafkahnya. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil kajian literature dan dianalisis secara deskripstif. Beberapa tulisan memperlihatkan bahwa keberadaan modal sosial berperan penting bagi masyarakat di pengungsian sebagai pengikat kerjasama dan pendukung utama untuk mampu mengembangkan sistem penghidupannya. Modal sosial mengikat mereka dengan berbagai latar belakang yang berbeda dalam hubungan sosial yang timbal balik dan saling menguntungkan.
Tafsir Sosial atas Bencana Banjir oleh Komunitas Tepi Hutan
Authors: Lutfi Amiruddin  , Yogi E. C. Farobi
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs a forest edge community, Sidoasri Village, Sumbermanjing Wetan Sub-district, Malang Regency experienced many ecological changes since the implementation of Community Collaborative Forest Management (Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat/PHBM) in early 2000s. This condition also triggers a change in disaster conditions. After the forestlands ultivated by the people, the flood becomes annually agenda. Using phenomenology approach, by interviewing and observing some informants, this paper describes that knowledge of disasters has changed. Villagers know that before implementation of PHBM disaster was trigerred by natural phenomena, however after PHBM implemented, they regard that the forest management created the flood. The forest edge community experience a dilemma; on the one hand utilizing forest can sustain their economic condition, but on the other hand, it creates disaster risk. Their knowledge related to external and internal conditions, obtained through ecological change and social interaction.

 

Sebagai komunitas tepi hutan, Desa Sidoasri, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan, Kabupaten Malang mengalami banyak perubahan ekologis sejak diterapkannya kebijakan Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) pada awal 2000an. Kondisi ini juga memicu perubahan kondisi kebencanaan. Setelah lahan hutan digarap oleh warga, banjir menjadi agenda rutin yang hampir tiap tahun terjadi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi, dengan mewawancarai dan mengamati beberapa informan, tulisan ini menguraikan bahwa terdapat perubahan pengetahuan atas bencana oleh warga desa ini. Jika sebelum ada kebijakan PHBM bencana banjir dipicu karena ativitas alamiah saja, maka setelahnya, warga menyadari bahwa aktivitas pengelolaan hutan menjadi pemicu banjir. Warga tepi hutan ini mengalami dilemma; di satu sisi memanfaatkan lahan hutan dapat menopang perekonomian, namun di sisi lain justru menciptakan risiko bencana. Pengetahuan tersebut terkait dengan kondisi eksternal dan internal yang didapat melalui perubahan ekologis maupun interaksi sosial.
Optimalisasi Peran Komunitas Lokal Dalam Pengembangan Radio Darurat Untuk Mitigasi Bencana: Studi di Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Muhammad Alif Alauddin  , Isma Illia Shara Yunianti  , Widi Alip Sayyidi Purnomo
Published: January 2020

AbstractBoyolali Regency is located on the eastern side of Mount Merapi which is one of the most active volcanoes in the world (Pratomo,2006). If observed from its physical conditions that are very destructive, the affected areas are threatened to be isolated from the national communication network. With these geographical conditions, the presence of emergency radios is extremely effective in substituting the communication network in disaster period starts from the mitigation to rehabilitation and reconstruction prosses. The first initiator was started by Aceh Emergency Radio Network (AERNET) when the tsunami hit Aceh Province on 2006. Currently, those emergency radio communities are incorporated in Indonesian Community Radio Network (JRKI) and has grown as present member of 457. Based on this background, this study aims to observe the role of local communities and to understand that phenomena, we use the theory of social capital by Putnam. To obtain data, we use documentation and in-depth interview then analyzed by the Miles and Huberman's technique, those are data collection, data reduction, data presentation so as to produce explanations in descriptive forms. The results of this study are useful as an effort in developing human resources who lives in disaster-prone areas in using the emergency radio as a temporary communication throughout Indonesia.

 

Kabupaten Boyolali terletak di sisi timur Gunung Merapi yang merupakan gunung berapi teraktif di Pulau Jawa. Ditinjau dari kondisi fisik yang bersifat sangat destruktif yaitu selalu menimbulkan erupsi sehingga menjadikannya termasuk ke dalam Decade Volcanoes. Akibatnya daerah yang terkena dampak terancam terisolasi dari jaringan komunikasi nasional. Dengan kondisi geografis tersebut, keberadaan radio darurat dinilai sangat efektif dalam mengawal komunikasi masa tanggap bencana dari proses mitigasi sampai rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi. Kemunculan pertama diawali oleh AERNET (Aceh Emergency Radio Network) ketika terjadi tsunami di Provinsi Aceh. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalisasikan peran komunitas lokal dengan menggunakan teori modal sosial oleh Putnam untuk melibatkan komunitas setempat di Kabupaten Boyolali dalam pengembangan radio darurat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam lalu dianalisis dengan model Miles dan Huberman meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data sehingga menghasilkan penjelasan dalam bentuk desktriptif. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai upaya dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah rawan bencana dalam pemanfaatan radio darurat sebagai sarana komunikasi sementara di seluruh Indonesia.
Pendekatan Integralistik Dalam Merespon Bencana Alam
Authors: Ridhah Taqwa
Published: January 2020

AbstractScientific, cultural-wisdom approach, and trust in an almighty God. The partial approach starts from a different perspective on what causes the occurrence of disasters, both disasters due to human actions, or due to natural factors. As a result the solutions offered are also partial. This tends not to solve the root of the problem, because in addition to the disasters that continue to occur, we also experience failure in understanding their meaning. Because it needs to be considered an integralistic approach, so that every event that we perceive as a disaster, can become an arena of learning, as well as being able to find fundamental, comprehensive and sustainable solutions. This integralistic approach combines the two categories of Allah's verses (revelation and the universe) as a unified study. Both of these phenomena are manifestations of the power of Allah, the Creator on this Earth. First, the Kauliyah verse, the revelation in this context the Qur'an, and the second Kauniyah verse in the form of a universal phenomenon which is also a creation of Allah SWT. Both of these are signs of God's almighty power and greatness. This approach mainly refers to the Qur'anic approach. The Qur'an actually emphasizes integrality, even though it includes two opposing sides, it is still a unity. With this position, religion that presents revelations in the form of verses in the Qur'an can be confirmed with verses from natural phenomena..

 

Bencana alam umumnya direspon secara parsial berdasarkan pengetahuan dan kepentingan manusia. Ada yang meresponnya dengan pendekatan keilmuan, budaya-kearifan, dan kepercayaan pada Tuhan yang maha kuasa. Pendekatan secara parsial berawal dari cara pandang yang berbeda terhadap apa yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya bencana, baik bencana karena perbuatan manusia, maupun karena faktor alam. Akibatnya solusi yang ditawarkan pun bersifat parsial. Hal ini cenderung tidak menyelesaikan akar masalah, karena selain bencana masih terus terjadi, kita pun mengalami kegagalan dalam memahami maknanya. Karena itu perlu dipertimbangkan pendekatan integralistik, agar setiap kejadian yang kita pandang sebagai bencana, dapat menjadi arena pembelajaran, sekaligus dapat menemukan solusi yang mendasar, komprehensif dan berkelanjutan. Pendekatan integralistik ini memadukan dua kategori ayat Allah (wahyu dan alam semesta) sebagai suatu kesatuan kajian. Kedua fenomena tersebut merupakan wujud kekuasaan Allah sang Maha Pencipta di Bumi ini. Pertama, ayat Kauliyah, wahyu yang dalam konteks ini Al qur’an, dan kedua ayat Kauniyah berupa fenomena alam semesta yang juga merupakan ciptaan Allah SWT. Kedua hal tersebut merupakan tanda kekuasaan dan kebesaran Tuhan yang maha Pencipta. Pendekatan ini referensi utamanya tetap mengacu pada pendekatan Qur’ani. Qur’an sebetulnya menekankan pada integralitas, sekalipun hal tersebut termasuk terhadap dua sisi yang berlawanan, tetap merupakan suatu kesatuan. Dengan posisi seperti ini maka agama yang menghadirkan wahyu berupa ayat dalam Alqur’an dapat dikomfirmasi dengan ayat-ayat dari fenomena alam.