bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Feeding Mechanism of Printing Machine
Authors: Sun Qiu Yan , Zhang Dong Chun , Zhang Xin Kun
Published: August 2011

It is found that additional dynamic tension triggered by eccentric shaft affects printing paper is obvious by analyzing the relation between tension and eccentric shaft of feeding mechanism in the paper. Using the dual-tensition control system has the advantages of high examination precision, compensating strip's length, reducing additional dynamic effects to the feeding mechanism, ensuring color printing position precision and improving printing quality.
Effects of Annealing Treatment and Buffer Layer on Properties of ZnMgO Films Prepared on Diamond Substrates
Authors: Tang Ke , Wang Lin Jun , Huang Jian , Zhang Ji Jun , Shi Wei Min , Xia Yi Ben
Published: August 2011

ZnMgO films were prepared at room temperature on freestanding diamond (FSD) substrates with and without ZnO buffer layers by radio-frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering method. The effects of annealing treatment and ZnO buffer layers on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the ZnMgO films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectrophotometer, and electrical measurements. The experimental results suggested that the annealing treatment and buffer layer were helpful to improve the crystalline quality of ZnMgO/diamond heteroepitaxial films.
Effect of Seed Layers Prepared by Vertical Deposition Method on the Growth and Properties of Oriented Polycrystalline α-HgI2 Films
Authors: Ma Lei , Yang Wei Guang , Wang Ya Li , Liu Gong Long , Tang Ke , Wang Lin Jun , Shi Wei Min
Published: August 2011

Polycrystalline α-HgI2films have been grown through combining vertical deposition method with hot wall vapor phase deposition (HWPVD) method. The influence of the α-HgI2seed layers on the structural and electrical properties of the polycrystalline α-HgI2films was investigated. It is found that the α-HgI2seed layers play an important role in reducing the grain sizes, increasing the density improving the crystallographic orientation and electrical properties of the polycrystalline α-HgI2films.
Calcium Lanthanum Permanent Magnetic Ferrite Coupled with Soft Magnetic Ferrite
Authors: Wang Zi Min , Jiang Shi Qiang
Published: August 2011

This paper introduces the production method of calcium lanthanum permanent magnetic ferrite coupled with soft magnetic ferrite components. This type of calcium lanthanum permanent magnetic ferrite has excellent magnetic properties. Soft magnetic ferrite components (CoFe2O4) can be coupled effectively with permanent magnetic ferrite (the main ingredients: Ca0.548Sr0.120La0.542Fe12O19) by adding the additives (SrB2Si0.67O5.34 and CaSiO3), which can promote the sintering of the liquid permanent magnetic ferrite. This calcium lanthanum permanent magnetic ferrite can be significantly improved in the microstructure, density, magnetic properties.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Bamboo Hemicellulose as Template in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Peng Hong , Wang Na , Zhang Jin Sheng , Yu Zi Ping
Published: August 2011

Hemicellulose was separated from bamboo using alkaline method. Silver nanomaterials had been prepared using the hemicellulose as template and silver nitrate as precursor via a green approach. The synthesized samples were characterized by UV-vis, XRD, and SEM techniques. UV-visible spectrum and XRD diffraction pattern revealed that the silver ion (Ag+) had been reduced to the metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag0). The results demonstrated that after calcination at 500 °C in air atmosphere, nano Ag/C compound was obtained. The hemicellulose acted as an effective nanoreactor for the in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles. This novel procedure provides a facile and environmental way to manufacture silver nanoparticles for various applications.
Research of Chinese Buddhist Temples Space Design
Authors: Zhang Dong Xu , Liu Da Ping , Wei Xin Ru , Xiao Meng
Published: August 2011

The number of the religious architecture makes up 70 percent of the total of existing traditional buildings in China, in which the largest proportion is the Chinese Buddhist architecture, this paper has been studied in this kind of building. Firstly, the religious background and development history of the Chinese Buddhist architecture is introduced, and this paper puts forward that this architectural form was affected by the ancient folk houses. Compared to Buddhist architecture in other countries, they are majestic in shape and beautiful elaborate in decoration, the whole form and nature landscape melt into one another. Secondly, religious spaces are analyzed, including the location of Buddhist temple, the overall layout and the single building. Most temples were built on the hill, and the Buddhist hall is the center of architectural complex. Single building is very similar, and its position is attached to its status in spatial sequence. Thirdly, the design concept of Buddhist architecture was discovered. It was pointed out that Chinese traditional philosophy, i.e. the view of the nature, determines the space composition inside and outside of Chinese Buddhist architecture. At last, the paper summed up the design of Buddhist architecture and gave a prospect about the way of its future development.
Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Powder from Mollusc Shell
Authors: Koonawoot Rungsarit , Thiansem Sakdiphon , Punyanitya Sittiporn , Raksujarit Anirut , Laosatirawong Surasit , Pompimon Wilart
Published: August 2011

Synthesis hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from mollusc shell with the solid solution reaction method. The process is a new method which makes the amount of HA powder in large quantities. The advantage of the solid state method which involves molar ratio of calcium and phosphorus through a thermal treatment and reaction time, caused by the diffusion of ions in the solid particles. HA is the only apatite present in the reaction products, apart from minute fractions of certain other calcium compounds. The final product is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR)
Properties of Autogenous Shrinkage in High-Strength Mass Concrete According to Hydration Heat Velocity
Authors: Koo Kyung Mo , Kim Gyu Yong , Miyauchi Hiroyuki , Kang Yeon Woo
Published: August 2011

The early-age properties and relationships between hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage in high-strength mass concrete are investigated through analysis of the history curves of hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage. To reduce the hydration heat velocity, micro encapsulated retarder (MR) that could retard cement reaction was applied. In the result of research, the hydration temperature and hydration heat velocity of high-strength mass concrete can be decreased with the reduction of size specimen and use of the retarder. A close relationship could be found between the hydration temperature and autogenous shrinkage; the higher the hydration heat velocity, the higher the autogenous shrinkage velocity and the greater the ultimate autogenous shrinkage.
Integrated Design of Hydrostatic Slideway Driven System
Authors: Liang Ying Chun , Chen Wan Qun , Lu Li Hua , Sun Ya Zhou , Sun Yang
Published: August 2011

In order to achieve the design of mechatronic system rapidly, an integrated design process is used for a hydrostatic slideway driven by linear motor. Control model of the linear motor and FE model of the slideway carriage are established, besides, force analysis of the carriage and relevant optimization are carried out. Software Simulink is used to simulate the linear feeding system. Subsequently, the advantages of the integrated design compared with traditional method are analyzed. This study could provide important insights for the design of the hydrostatic slideway with linear motor driven system.
Effects of Heat Treatment Condition on Properties of Strontium Barium Niobate Based Glass-Ceramic for Energy Storage Capacitors
Authors: Chen Guo Hua , Zhang Wen Jun
Published: August 2011

Strontium barium niobate-based glass-ceramics are prepared by melt-casting followed by controlled crystallization. Results show that Ba0.25Sr0.75Nb2O6 with tungsten bronze structure forms as the dielectric phases from the glass matrix at 800°C. However, a secondary phase NaSr1.2Ba0.8Nb5O15 occurrs when crystallization temperature exceeds 850°C. The glass-ceramics formed through controlled crystallization exhibit the excellent stability of the temperature and frequency dependence of dielectric properties. The breakdown strength increases with the crystallization temperature. The glass-ceramic material heated at 800°C/3h+950°C/3h shows a breakdown strength of 1400 kV/cm and its energy storage density can reach up to 4.0 J/cm3, which may be strong candidate for high energy density storage capacitors for portable or pulsed power applications.
Finite-Element Simulation of Residual Stress in Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coating
Authors: Dong Li , Zhang Peng Bo , Qu Wei , Qin Ying , Mei Xian Xiu , Zhao Ji Jun , Dong Chuang
Published: August 2011

Thermal barrier coatings are used as thermal insulation and thermal protection for high-temperature components of aircraft engines. Service failure of the components is often caused by premature breaking of the coatings. The distributions of residual stress in a ZrO2/NiCoCrAlY thermal barrier coating during thermal cycling was here simulated using finite element method. Four kinds of models involving planar and curved interfaces between the bond and the ceramic top coat layers were established. The simulated results showed that the high residual stress which is about 100-300MPa is present at the interface between bond layer and ceramic layer. The residual stress in curved interface is larger than that in planar one, and concentrates mainly at the troughs. Structure for planar interface exhibits better than curved interface. The residual stress would increase obviously with the presence of thermally grown oxide layer.
Experimental Research on Four-Tube Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Laced Columns
Authors: Chen Bo Wang , He Ran , Tan Jian Guo , Oyang Yang
Published: August 2011

By means of axial compressive and eccentric compressive tests of four Four-tube Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Laced Columns, to research the mechanical properties and failure modes of this structural without yield point. Research shows that, the failure modes of this model, as well as axial compressive short columns, have the same trend of oblique shear failure, and presenting overall bending failure under eccentric compression. The linear eccentricity takes a biggish influence on mechanical properties of laced columns.
Coordination Needs and Performance for Manufacturing Process Improvement Projects
Authors: Chang A. S. , Lee C. H. , Leu Wen Hao
Published: August 2011

Manufacturing process is more assisted by improvement projects to improve efficiency or decrease cost. These project teams usually cross different departments so engineers need to know coordination needs while executing such projects. This study examined twelve manufacturing process improvement projects to analyze coordination needs and their relationships with project performance. The results indicate that the project’s uncertainty is generally higher than equivocality. But it is equivocality that has a correlation with performance. This finding means that adequate adoption of coordination methods to decrease equivocality will have impact on project performance. While comparing the projects with higher equivocality, the major difference is resulted from environment quality and personnel differences.
Study on Hydrogen Evolution Properties of Carbon Supported PtCu-LaOx Membrane Electrode Materials
Authors: Yang Bin , Xu Tao
Published: August 2011

In order to reduce production cost of making H2, one of the key points was to reduce Pt loading in Pt/C catalytic electrode. In our study, a new type of Pt/C membrane electrodes, PtCu-LaOx/C (abbr. PCL) and LaOx-PtCu/C (abbr. LPC) double-layer structure, in which Pt nanometer particles homogeneously dispersed on the surface of carbonaceous substrates were manufactured by Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS) technology. The hydrogen evolution polarization curves of these double-layer membrane electrodes were tested by three-electrode system, and the optimal sample was selected by the calculation results of their exchange current density (i0) and decomposition voltage (Ed). It was found that PCL with Pt loading less than 0.05mg/cm2 (the electrode area) whose decomposition voltage and exchange current density was -0.204(V vs SCE) and 147.0μA/cm2 respectively in balanced condition.
Experimental Study of Cutting Parameter for Drilling on Fabric Carbon/Epoxy Laminates
Authors: Abd Halim Nor Farah Huda , Afzeri  , Aminanda Yulfian
Published: August 2011

This study is mainly about the drilling of carbon-epoxy laminates. Variation of cutting parameter such as feed rate (50,100 and 150 mm/min) and speed(400,800,1200 rpm) were tested in this study. 6 different laminates orientation (0°/0°/0°/0°, 45°/45°/45°/45°, 0°/45°/0°/45°, 45°/0°/45°/0°, 0°/0°/45°/45° and 45°/45°/0°/0°) were tested in order to see which one is the best. HSS twist drill with 4mm diameter was use in this study. The damage of the composites was seen under digital microscope. The aim of this study is to find the minimum force and the minimum damage mechanism i.e.: entry and exit delamination. The drilling process with different parameter of cutting and the orientation were carried out in order to see the influenced of this parameter to the force and the damage mechanism. The general factorial was used to randomise the number of experiment.
Research and Application of Wireless Data Acquisition System for Agricultural Machine
Authors: Zhang Chao Fan , Lou Lin , Huang Hong Wei
Published: August 2011

In accordance with the present status of real –time measurement for agricultural machine in the field with burdensome in labors, unsafe in testing and backward in testing method.Wireless data acquisition system for testing based on LabVIEW is introduced in the paper. This system integrates sensor technology, WLAN technology, virtual instrument technology and measurement technology. Compared with running cables test, the Wireless Data Acquisition system becomes safe and easy for moving machine. This system can provide a robust, two –way, TCP/IP connection, which can be linked to the networks of Internet easily. For mobile test or bad- condition measurement, a wide application is pointed out in the end.
Research of Aluminum Reduction Cell Thermal Balanced Intelligent Control System
Authors: Xia Xiang Yang , Li Jie
Published: August 2011

This paper proposes an intelligence control system of heat balance for aluminum reduction cell and reviews in each period the control technique of aluminum electrolysis at home and abroad. Mutual coupled relations of physical fields such as electric field, magnetic field, flow distribution, thermal field, stress field, concentration field in aluminum reduction cell are analyzed simply. In this system automatic control of furnace temperature and liquidus temperature in aluminum electrolyte are detected in real-time accurately. This control system can reduce the superheat of aluminum reduction cell in a certain range, and reduce production cost of per ton of primary aluminum on maximal degree. Thus, energy consumption and waste is decreased and heat balance in aluminum electrolysis is realized, efficient operations are certified in the product of aluminum electrolysis.
Smelting of Al-Li Alloy Containing High Li by Micro-Gravity Electromagnetic Force Simulation Facilities and Texture Study
Authors: Geng Gui Hong , Luo Shao Hua , Lu You Jun
Published: August 2011

The electromagnetic micro-gravity simulation smelting is a new preparation technology of Al-Li alloy containing high Li. In the aluminum lithium binary system, based the principle of electromagnetic force applied on the metal alloy melt, the Al-Li alloy was smelt and cast at 0.5T and 800°C with home-made apparatus. Through composition analysis by means of XPS, surface microscopic morphology with SEM and density measurement, the results show that the low density, 10wt% of Li in Al, homogeneous lithium distribution and compact and uniform and compact microstructure Al-Li alloy can prepared by using the technique of electromagnetic simulating micro-gravity method.
Hot Deformation Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr Alloy
Authors: Liu Xian Lan , Liu Chu Ming , Zhang Wen Yu , Li Hui Zhong , Zeng Su Min
Published: August 2011

Hot compression tests of the homogenized Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr magnesium alloy were performed on Gleeble-1500 at temperatures between 300 °Cand 420 °C and at strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 1 s-1with maximum strain of 0.8. The microstructure of the experimental alloy in the hot-compression procedure at elevated temperatures was observed by OM (optical microscope) and TEM (transmission electron microscope). The results provide the experimental basis for selecting hot wrought conditions of the alloy. The peak flow stress becomes larger with the increasing strain rate at constant temperature, and gets smaller with the increasing deformation temperature at constant strain rate. The deformation activation energy increases greatly in the range of higher than 420°C, and no more change in the range of 340-380°C. The alloy can be extruded successfully at 360°C with of δb310 Mpa, δ2of 290Mpa, and δof 16%。
Experimental Research on the Novel Process of Iron Ore Direct Reduction by Coal Gas
Authors: Yi Ling Yun , Huang Zhu Cheng , Peng Hu , Jiang Tao
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the direct reduction of iron ore pellets was carried out by simulating the typical gas composition in coal gasification process, Midrex and Hyl Ⅲ process, the influence of gas composition and temperature on reduction was studied. Results show that the proportion of H2 increasing is helpful to improve the reduction rate, while when H2/CO>1.6, changes of H2 content will have very little influence on it. Appropriate reduction temperature is about 950°C, higher temperature(1000°C) may unfavorably slowed the reduction rate. From the kinetics analysis at 950°C and 1000°C, when H2/CO=0.4 the prophase of reduction course (~90%) is likely controlled by interfacial chemical reaction mechanism and in the later controlled by gaseous diffusion mechanisms. However, when H2/CO>0.4 the whole reduction course is likely controlled by interfacial chemical reaction mechanism. The reaction rate constant (k) and effective diffusion coefﬁcient (De) at 950°C are both better than those at 1000°C. Research also shows that the coal-water slurry gasification based on Texaco furnace is more suitable for iron ore direct reduction than other coal gasification processes.
Microstructure and Mechanical Property of the ZrB2-Based Ultra-High-Temperature Ceramic Composites Brazed Joint
Authors: Li Zhuo Ran , Wu Guang Dong , Wang Zheng Zheng , Feng Ji Cai
Published: August 2011

ZrB2-SiC ceramic composites was brazed by using Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu active filler in a vacuum furnace. The microstructure and interfacial phenomena of the joints were analyzed by means of SEM, EDS and XRD. The joining effect was evaluated by shear strength. The results showed that the reaction products of the ZrB2-SiC ceramic composites joint brazed with Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu active filler were TiC, ZrC, Ti5Si3, Zr2Si, Zr(s,s) and (Ti, Zr)2 (Ni, Cu). The maximum shear strength of the ZrB2-based ultra-high-temperature ceramic composites brazed joints is 143.5Subscript textMPa at brazing temperature T=920°C and holding time t=10min.
Anti-Friction Mechanism of FeS Layer as Solid Lubrication Cmposite Coating Produced by Low-Temperature Ion Sulfurization
Authors: Zang Yan , Hu C.H. , Qiao Yu Lin
Published: August 2011

The trbriological properties of FeS solid lubrication composite layer were carried out on the type MS-T4000 friction wear testing machine. Morphology and elements analysis of wear surfaces was carried out on ultra high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is shown that the friction process of FeS solid lubrication composite layer can be divided into three stages. The friction coefficient of FeS solid lubrication composite layer is about 0.16 in the first stage, the friction mainly occurred in the surface of FeS solid lubrication. The friction coefficient is about 0.20 to 0.25 and is about 0.40, in the second stage and the third stage, respectively. The wear surface of FeS solid lubrication composite layer was smooth without obvious furrow. On the wear surface, there were mainly granular and flatteners-like FeS films.
Wavelet-Based Multiresolution NURBS Curve Fairing
Authors: Li Ai Min , Guo Wei , Tian Hai Bo , Kou Fa Rong
Published: August 2011

A multiresolution approach is presented for NURBS curve fairing based on nonuniform semiorthogonal B-spline wavelets built. This method provides greater flexibility and applicability than uniform B-spline wavelets for multiresolution curve fairing. An example is presented to validate effectiveness of this multiresolution fairing method. Furthermore, the algorithm can be easily applied to NURBS curves in three dimensions as well as in two.
Experimental Assessment of Roughness Changes in the Cutting Surface and Microhardness Changes of the Material S 355 J2 G3 after Being Cut by Non-Conventional Technologies
Authors: Maščeník Jozef , Gaspar Stefan
Published: August 2011

Production of components, necessary for the construction of the machine resp. or device is a demanding manufacturing process. One of the possibilities of increasing efficiency and production quality is the introduction of unconventional technologies to the production process. Knowing the dependence of the impact of non-conventional technologies on the mechanical properties of products and their subsequent verification is an important aspect when designing and manufacturing them. The article deals with the impact of used unconventional technology, that means laser, plasma and water jet on the roughness of a cutting edge and microhardness of material S 355 J2 G3.
Study on Technology of Suffocated Polystyrene Spheres with Bigger Particle Size
Authors: Xu Xiao Xu , Hong Zhe , Yu Yong Peng , Zhang Yan Wei
Published: August 2011

The suffocation technology of cross linked polystyrene (PS) spheres with bigger particle size was studied. The influence of swelling agent dichlorethane, swelling time, reacting temperature, constant temperature time, cooling dilution time for delivered particle on the suffocation effect was discussed. The chemical structure of suffocated PS was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectra, and the important technical parameters of ionic exchange resin with bigger particle size were testing. The optimum suffocated condition obtained was that the feed ratio of PS particle and swelling agent was 1:0.45, swelling time was 2.5 h, and suffocation reaction was carried out for 8 h at 75oC, 20 h at 85 oC, and 15 h at 100 oC, respectively. Moreover, cooling dilution time for delivered particle was 25 h. The important technical parameters of ionic exchange resin with bigger particle size obtained with optimum suffocation condition were that mass exchange capacity was 4.57 mm/g (dry), volume exchange capacity was 2.35 mm/g (dry), and specific area was 29.5 m2/g.
Physical Properties of Primary Slurry for Titanium Investment Casting
Authors: Zhao Er Tuan , Kong Fan Tao , Chen Yuong
Published: August 2011

Investment casting technique presents more advantages in the production of accuracy and versatility components. The mechanical performance of the ceramic shell is crucial to the quality of the castings. The slurry parameters can affect the properties of the ceramic shell. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the physical properties of primary slurry for titanium and titanium alloy investment casting. Three different slurries (ZrO2, Y2O3 and Al2O3) were evaluated respectively by comparing the parameters: viscosity, bulk density, particle size distribution, thixotropy and suspension percentage of slurries. The results show that the physical properties of primary slurry were mostly determined by the type and content of refractory materials. Refractory particle morphology and the particle size distribution affect slurry rheology and viscosity.
The Research on Capacitance Sensor with Dielectric Film Coating for Thinkness Measurement of Water Film
Authors: Li Hong Min , Li Yu Ming , Yu Hai Ying , Zhou Pei Xiang , Zheng Yi Zhong
Published: August 2011

This paper introduce a new dielectric film coating capacitor, which was used to measure the thickness of the water film in the efficiency of heat-exchange facility. It can overcome the disadvantages that caused by the humidity in the common capacitor. Firstly, the theoretical model of the special capacitive sensor was established. Then based on the theoretical model, we carried on experimental verification. In the premise of ensuring sensitivity, the resolution of the capacitive sensor is up to 10nm, and a high accuracy and on-line detection stability of the thickness measurement for water film were also achieved.
A New on-Line Multi-Factor Monitoring System of Water Accidental Pollution Events Based on the Behavioral Responses of Aquatic Organisms
Authors: Ren Zong Ming , Zeng Yang , Fu Xiu E
Published: August 2011

In building a new On-line Multi-factor Monitoring System (OMMS) of Water Accidental Pollution Events (WAPE) based on the behavioral responses (BR) of aquatic organisms, the effects of physi-chemical factors (PF) such as temperature (T), turbidity (TUB) and pH on BR of Daphnia magna and medaka (Oryzias latipes) were discussed with Biological Early Warning System (BEWS). The results suggested that when T was lower than 5°C, BR of D. magna and medaka would be inhibited in 5 hours. If TUB was more than 50NTU, the behavior strength (BS) of D. magna would decrease to about 0.3 after 10h exposure, the effects on medaka would be much weaker in 24h than D. magna. If pH is lower than 5.5 or higher than 9, negative effects on BR of both aquatic organisms would happen in 15h. Therefore, a new OMMS was built for the purpose of environmental management of WAPE, which included BEWS and PF Monitoring System (PFMS).
Comparison of Dynamic Signal of MFC and PVDF Sensor: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Jeon Jun Cheol , Sohn Jung Woo , Choi Seung Bok
Published: August 2011

In this paper, identification of dynamic sensing characteristics of MFC(macro fiber composite) and PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) are carried out via experimental investigation. A clamped aluminum beam structure is prepared and experimental setup for beam vibration test is established with shaker system. MFC and PVDF are attached on the top and bottom surface of the beam structure, respectively and connected to data acquisition system. In order to verify the operating bandwidth, frequency responses of the smart beam structure are obtained from 0Hz to 5kHz under sine sweep excitation. For the identification of dynamic sensing characteristics, experiments for linearity and durability are conducted. It is observed that both MFC and PVDF have excellent sensing performance in measuring dynamic response and monitoring structural vibration.
Impact of Ge-Profile in Base on SiGe pnp HBT’s Performance
Authors: Li Li , Liu Hong Xia
Published: August 2011

SiGe heterojunction structure much improves the performance of PnP HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor), which focus on the impact of Ge component distribution in the base on the current gain and characteristic frequency . The triangular distribution in the base, including zero-doping and non-zero-doping at the starting point, will form a Ge-gradient acceleration filed for the minority carriers in the base to reduce the base transport time and increase current density and working frequency. Extend Ge to the collector region to eliminate the effect of the valence band spike barrier at the collector junction, further improving the performance of the pnp HBT. By the simulations and optimizations in this paper, the and of pnp SiGe HBT improves evidently, and the results can be referenced in the design of SiGe devices and circuits.
Research on the Influence to Power System Protection with Harmonic of Power Electronic Devices
Authors: Zhou Xue Song , Liu Jin , Ma You Jie
Published: August 2011

With the development of science and technology, higher and higher quality requirements were needed by the electrical consumers about the power energy in power supplying and distributing. For this objective, many kinds of power electronic equipments are applied in power supply systems and distribution systems in order to improve the system running stability with their rapid response operation characteristics. But at the same time, the power electronic equipments may generate some hidden dangers that can not be overlooked to the system, particularly to the reliability of protection.
Study on the Intelligent Current Protection for Mining Power System
Authors: Zheng Li Jun , Song Jian Cheng , Gao Yun Guang
Published: August 2011

The overcurrent fault characters in underground cable distribution networks is analyzed, the symmetry current fault protection based on phase-sensitive detection, the asymmetrical current fault protection based on negative sequence current detection and the overload current fault protection based on the amplitude current are designed. The protection system was tested and the result shows that signal can accurately reflect the type of fault and fault parameters. It has been realized intelligent current protection through automatic identify fault type by PLC and has been applied to mine flameproof and intrinsically safety load control centre. Practice shows that the mine's intelligent current protection system is realiable and will be of great applied value in mining industry.
Electro-Hydraulic Servo System Controlled by Index Reaching Law Sliding Mode
Authors: Jin Bao Quan , Wang Yan Kun , Ma Ya Li
Published: August 2011

The parameters uncertainty and external disturbance play a negative role to improve electro-hydraulic position servo system performance. The valve controlled cylinder system model is established, using the traditional PID control strategy and reaching law control strategy for simulating the system, respectively, the two methods have similar control effects in the ideal model, but considering the external disturbances, the index approaches sliding mode control law has better response speed and stability. Research shown that sliding mode control algorithm has an important role for improving the performance of hydraulic servo position control system.
Image Encryption Algorithm Based on 3D Arnold Cat and Logistic Map
Authors: Pan Tian Gong , Li Da Yong
Published: August 2011

Arnold cat map is a classical transformation of image encryption, but it has some shortcomings such as short key quantities, small period and so on. On the basis of Arnold cat map, it presented an algorithm of image encryption based on 3D Arnold cat and chaotic map. Simulation experiments show that the encryption algorithm has characters of strong keys, better effect and fast.
Design of Electron Beam Polishing Equipment on Mould
Authors: Jin Yan , Hu Jian Jun , Xu Hong Bin
Published: August 2011

The electron beam polishing equipment technology is brought forward and its characteristic is explained because general processing method can’t obtain preferable machining efficiency and product quality. The theory of electronic beam machining is explained in detail, which include electronic beam come into being. The structural drawing is bring brought by this study. The drive principle of worktable movement and the procedure control of electronic beam machining is describe detailedly. The elementary problem is solved on electronic beam machining in theory.
Effect of Resident Stress on the Aberration Correction Ability of MEMS Spatial Light Modulator
Authors: Hu Fang Rong , Qian Yi Xian , Niu Jun Hao , Zhang Li Juan , Nie Kun
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the effect of resident stress on surface flatness and aberration correction ability of spatial light modulator (SLM) is studied. An optical simulation model based on ZEMAX software is presented to calculate the Strehl ratio of SLM. The result shows that the decrease of curvature radius can result in the decrease of Strehl ratio and aberration correction ability. Moreover, resident tensile stress and resident compressive stress have the same effect on the change of Strehl ratio.
Spring Force Compensation for Bond Head
Authors: Zhou Lei , Li Jian Gang , Li Ze Xiang
Published: August 2011

A bond head with spring bearing has steady-state error problem in position loop control. To maintain high speed and high precision control, a spring force compensator is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the system is modeled and the problem is stated. Then, a close loop identification method for the spring force is advised. The compensator is also modeled and compared with the traditional controller. In the experiment part, the result shows the new control system with spring force compensator works well.
Analysis on the Stress and Deformation of Deep Excavation Simulated by Multiplying ANSYS and ABAQUS
Authors: Wang Yan Fang , Zhou Zhi Gang , Gao Hong Mei
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the flexible modeling capabilities of ANSYS and the excellent nonlinear solving ability of ABAQUS were multiplied for simulating the deep 3D-excavation. The results illustrated that both advantages of two numerical analysis softwares were combined. The complex stresses and deformations of the deep 3D-excavation were exactly simulated. The approximate solutions show that this method could analyze the coupling effects between the soils and the walls of the 3D-excavation. It was a successful application of using advanced CAE technologies into geotechnical engineering.
Three Kind of Triangle Rational Functions and Applications for Discrete Nonlinear Equations
Authors: Guo Xiu Rong , Liu Zheng Tao , Guo Mei
Published: August 2011

In order to efficiently search for new soliton solutions to differential-difference equations (DDEs), three kinds of triangle rational functions are first introduced. Then a kind of formal solutions of DDEs are presented which are expressed by a unified nonlinear combination of the three kinds of triangle rational functions. As illustrative examples, the periodic travelling-wave solutions of the discrete modified KdV(mKdV) equations are obtained.
Structural Design and Testing of Small Ultralight Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yao Lei Jiang , Tong Xiao Yan
Published: August 2011

Lightweight design was carried out in order to meeting the requirement of long endurance. Structure form was designed based on loading characteristics. Rationality of structure form was verified by finite element method and static tests, which proved deformation of wing measuring up mechanical properties of cell panel. Finite element modal analysis was performed. Then mode test was carried to correcting analysis results. Low order modes by testing are coincided with that computed in finite element method (FEM).
Prediction of the Aerodynamic Acoustic Power Contribution on Automobile’s Surface Based on Curle’s Integral in Broadband Noise Source Models
Authors: Zheng Zhen Gyu , Li Ren Xian
Published: August 2011

The Aerodynamic noise, which is generated by the moving vehicle at high speed, is a kind of broadband noise. This paper dwelled on the Ligthill’s Acoustic Analogy firstly, and applied the realizable k-ε turbulence model to simulate the external steady flow field of automobile, so as to get the distribution characters of statistical turbulence quantities based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation. Then the Curle’s Integral in Broadband Noise Source Models was utilized to predict the local aerodynamic acoustic power contribution on automobile’s surface, which is helpful to the farther research work in the vehicle body optimization design based on aerodynamic noise controlling. The results shows that: The aerodynamic acoustic power contribution regions on surface mainly distribute near the automobile’s head and tail; and the maximum SAPL (Surface Acoustic Power Level) value is up to 83.15 dB in the vicinity of the rear wheel hub when the vehicle speed is 120km/h; the higher the speed of automobile, the more scattered the distribution of main aerodynamic acoustic power on automobile’s surface.
Preparation of Crayfish Flavoring by Fermentation
Authors: Jia Jian Bo , Yang Yong
Published: August 2011

The crayfish flavoring was prepared from pretreated crayfish residues after enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation with Lactobacillus helveticus, complex formulation with auxiliary odoriferous spices from spice plants and food additives, homogenization and sterilization. The results of orthogonal experiments showed that the content of the flavor agent alkyl pyrazine in the fermentation broth was 0.54ng/mL. The product with tastiness of crayfish, nutrition and biological activity functions was obtained when the contents of taurine, soluble peptide and the nitrogen of the free amino acid in the crayfish flavoring were 0.025g/100g, 1.41g/100g and 0.66g/100g, respectively.
Research on Detection Equipment for the State of Railway Tunnel Lining
Authors: Yang Yan Qing , He Shao Hui , Liu Jian Rui , Qi Fa Lin
Published: August 2011

The detection equipment for the state of railway tunnel lining is a vehicle-mounted complex equipment which is supported by the special purpose vehicle of railway and integrates with various sophisticated detection device including laser clearance measurements, ground penetrating radar (GPR), laser imaging device of the lining surface, video monitoring system, therefore it can be efficient, accurate and comprehensive completion of detection of operating tunnel lining. In this paper according to relevant norms, standards for assessing the state of operating railway tunnel and current detection technologies of tunnel lining, the functions and components of detection equipment are determined and the main performance parameters of device and the key technologies are deeply analyzed and studied, to speed the development of equipment and provide the necessary technical support.
Topology Optimization with a Penalty Factor in Optimality Criteria
Authors: Wang Xiu Peng , Yao Shou Wen
Published: August 2011

Topology optimization is one of the most important methods of reducing the weight of structure. Optimality Criteria method (OC) as a heuristic way can be used to deal with this problem efficiently. Popular SIMP method implements micro-structural density as the design variable. During the process of optimization, numerical instabilities are always observed; Moreover, higher penalty factor is not better for decreasing intermediate density elements. In this paper a penalty factor is imposed in OC method, and a relation between the filtering area and elements is also obtained. Meanwhile, the nodal density is used as design variable for more smoothing boundary. The results show that numerical stability can be obtained, checkerboard patterns haven’t been observed, and the clear boundary of structure has been developed.
CEC Control Model for Wall Thickness Thickening of Tube Ends and Simulation
Authors: Yu Hui , Li Jun Hong , Guo Hua
Published: August 2011

A control model for wall thickness thickening of the seamless steel tube end was established to multilevel control the unsteady state rolling process of the tube head and tail ends for the wall thickness thickening problem during the stretch reducing process. The three-dimensional thermal coupling calculation model was established of stretch reducing process on the platform MSC.Marc of nonlinear finite element software to analyze the influences of ends control on the wall thickness distribution of the tube. The cut length of the wall thickness thickening segments of tube head and tail were obtained through analyzing the longitudinal wall thickness distribution of the tube head and tail. The research provides an effective means for improving product quality and reducing the cutting loss.
Developing and Integrated Approach to Advanced Aerospace Project Design in Tertiary Education
Authors: Ahmed Noor A. , Page John R.
Published: August 2011

Design is about wealth creation for the comfort and well-being of human beings. In this context, the process and experiences associated with teaching and learning of engineering design are pivotal in sustaining and advancing the progress of modern day civilization. However, the teaching of engineering design is not easy and fraught with difficulties as the students have to be provided with the opportunity to develop their creative skills while retaining a professional and practical base. It is also important to proactively harness the available and emerging technologies to greater effect in the learning process. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, we have approached the teaching and learning of design in undergraduate aerospace engineering from a perspective to prepare students to be creative and become practically oriented for productive employment in the very competitive world of today.
The Application of Complex Spice Essential Oils on the Preservation of Pasteuriged Minced Ham Sausage
Authors: Lin Ya Hui , Wu Ke Gang , Chai Xiang Hua , Zhong Shao Shu
Published: August 2011

In order to investigate complex spice essential oils used in pasteuriged minced ham sausage (PMHS) as a novel food preservative, the studies were done as followed: firstly, we selected the optimal boil treatment to minimize SEO concentration and get the desired effect. Then, the research was done to investigate the maximum acceptable concentration of SEO used in PMHS, followed by the experiments to choose the suitable solvent from its impact on antibacterial activities and flavor on PMHS. The comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of SEO with potassium sorbate and nisin was also studied. The results showed that the optimal boil treatment was hold the core temperature of PMHS at 85°C for 40 min. Considering the original flavor, 100uL/kg was the largest dosage. For more durable preservation and the best flavor, we used Arabica gum to emulsify diluted essential oils. The preservative effect of 100uL/kg complex spice essential oils in PMHS was better than 1500 ug/kg potassium sorbate, worse than equal dosage of nissin. In conclusion, complex spice essential oils was a suitable and efficient preservative for PMHS.
Vibration Propagation in Ordered and Disordered Orthotropic Single-Leaf Rib-Stiffened Panels
Authors: Yu Da Ye , Yu Gui Lan
Published: August 2011

Abstract Based on the thin plate theory and the transfer matrix method, the vibration propagation in periodical orthotropic single-leaf rib-stiffened panels is studied. The localization factors of the ordered and disordered periodic systems are calculated. The numerical results show that the anisotropy of the plate affects the propagation of vibration in the pannels. With the relative bending rigidity increasing, or with the relative torsional rigidity increasing, the width of stopbands increases in low dimenionless frequencies. The vibration localization phenomenon occurs in the span-length disordered periodic structures and it is enhanced with the increasing disorder of span-length.
Optimization of Ultrasonic Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Polysaccharides from Limonium bicolor Kunze (Bge.)
Authors: Zhao Peng , Li Ou , Liu A Ping
Published: August 2011

Polysaccharide from Limonium bicolor Kunze (Bge.)(LBPs) was extracted with the assistance of ultrasonic.Box-Behnken design(BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; extraction temperature;ultrasonic extraction power and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high LBPs yield.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 81.23°C, ultrasonic power 190.86W, extraction time 42.39 min and ratio of water to raw material 15.4ml/g.The yield of polysaccharide was 7.11% based on the above mentioned conditions. Close agreement between experimetal and predicted values was found.
Analysis on Sliding State of Ball in Rotated Dual-Plates Lapping Mode
Authors: Yu Wei , Yuan Ju Long , Lv Bing Hai , Deng Qian Fa , Liu Dun
Published: August 2011

Abstract . The sliding states of precision ball is an important factor in lapping uniform. To study the sliding state of ball in Rotated Dual-Plates(RDP) Lapping Mode, this paper analyses several kinds of sliding states from theory to the simulation based on the kinematics and dynamic.It is assumed that the slide could occure between the ball and inner lower plate or between the ball and outer lower plate. The simulation results show that there are several numerical combination among the spin angle θ, the coefficient ratio of sliding friction and the rotating speed ratio of the outer lower plate and inner plate,which is beneficial or adverse to improve the lapping uniformity.The results also show Machining load and the friction coefficient is increased, the critical speed of lapping plate also is higher, the ball is more not easy slide,and the critical speed of slide could be obtained to direct processing.
Macro-Residual Stress Field Retrieval for Predicting the Machining Deformation of Non-Prestretched Plate
Authors: Yang Yin Fei , He Ning , Li Liang
Published: August 2011

The unknown and uneven macro-residual stresses in blanks will cause deformation on large-scale component, especially in non-prestretched plates. Based on the retrieval of stress field by measuring stress changes due to the rebalance of stresses after machining, a new idea is proposed in this paper to predict and control the machining deformation of large-scale components. It consists of analysis of the machining deformation, retrieval of macro-residual stress field, and finally optimization of following cutting process. In the retrieval process, the stresses are measured with an improved hole-drilling method and the measured data are then interpolated to 3D stress field.
Simulation of Vitrified CBN Grinding Wheel Abrasive Wear Based on SPH
Authors: Zhang Jing Qiang , Guan Peng , Su Chong , Wang Wan Shan
Published: August 2011

This paper used spatial random cutting plane method for modeling the real irregular grain shapes, and method of smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) was used to establish CBN grinding wheel abrasive wear model. In order to research the wear mechanism of CBN abrasive and the relationships between grinding parameters and grinding wheel wear, simulation of the wheel abrasive wear process was simulated by the LS-DYNA explicit dynamics. According to the results obtained by simulation of abrasive wear model which has the same law with the actual wear abrasive, it is has realistic instructive significance to the actual grinding process of vitrified CBN grinding wheel.