bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vínculo, empatia e mimese:
Authors: Fantinel Danilo
Published: February 2025

Séries românticas sul-coreanas valorizam a comunicação presencial, o corpo e suas linguagens, a porosidade sensorial, o vínculo afetivo, o processo de empatia, a mimese nas relações pessoais, simbólicas e socioculturais, além do romance amoroso. No Brasil, séries deste tipo fazem sucesso em plataformas de streaming, revelando um desejo latente por amor, sensorialidade, delicadeza e pessoalidade. Neste artigo, pretendemos verificar como estas qualidades, valorizações e hábitos se dão em Pousando no amor a partir de uma análise fílmica interpretativa da série com foco na construção e na relação entre personagens.
O recorte de gênero, afetos e possibilidades para Economia Política da Comunicação
Authors: De Barros Chalini Torquato Gonçalves
Published: February 2025

Na esteira de processos pós-modernos, é possível perceber o efeito cumulativo do tensionamento que tem sido colocado sobre temas como gênero, raça e colonialidade. Tais debates são o foco de discussão do presente artigo, especialmente no que toca temas relacionados a estruturas patriarcais modeladas ao sistema de acumulação, e as subjetividades mobilizadas no campo dos afetos para a negociação do trabalho na esfera privada e familiar. O objetivo aqui é avançar em pontes de debates entre a EPC e tais fenômenos, contribuindo para interlocuções teóricas e da práxis acadêmica. Para isso, é realizado levantamento bibliográfico focado essencialmente nas contribuições de pesquisadoras feministas, negras e decoloniais.
Palavras-chave: gênero, EPC, decolonialidade, afetos
O estatuto do heteropessimismo na cultura pop contemporânea
Authors: Bastos Thalita Cruz , Reis Bruno
Published: February 2025

Pode a mulher hétero sofrer? A relação entre a tragédia da heterossexualidade, o paradoxo da misoginia e o heteropessimismo feminino são a chave de análise para obras audiovisuais da cultura pop contemporânea. Este trabalho propõe refletir sobre como o heteropessimismo não necessariamente produz uma solução para a crise da heterossexualidade, mas aponta seus pontos conflituosos e ensaia alternativas de existências dissidentes, fora da heterossexualidade. Para tal, serão desenvolvidas noções de heteropessimismo ou heterofatalismo, heteronormatividade, performances da masculinidade e da feminilidade, a partir de um recorte dos Estudos Críticos da Heterossexualidade. Para pensar esses elementos, será analisada a série britânica Fleabag tanto em seus modos de endereçamento, como também na recepção dela, tornando-se uma das principais referências contemporâneas na cultura pop da tragédia feminina nas relações afetivo-sexuais.
A queda do céu e o eclipse do mundo
Authors: Machado Carneiro Mônica , Kabral Ribeiro Vinicios
Published: February 2025

Neste trabalho buscamos estabelecer uma relação entre a obra literária e etnográfica elaborada em coautoria pelo Xamã Yanomami Davi Kopenawa e pelo antropólogo Bruce Albert, e a obra cinematográfica El Botón de Nácar, do cineasta chileno Patrício Guzmán. Em ambas, encontram-se presentes os elementos que relacionam a estrutura material e simbólica presente no percurso de produção da colonialidade no contexto da acumulação capitalista, com os imensos conflitos sociais, fundiários e políticos que persistem na organização dos atuais Estados latino-americanos.
“ABRAM AS PORTAS PARA O CINEMA POPULAR”:
Authors: Rodrigues Maciel Rodrigo José , Oliveira Melo Eduardo , Da Silva Rocha Kátia Carvalho
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo expõe os resultados de um Projeto de Extensão, intitulado: “Cinema e Ensino de História: O Audiovisual Brasileiro na Sala de Aula”, sendo financiado pela Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão (UEMASUL). Esta investida teve como finalidade utilizar-se da sétima arte como espaço de problematização dentro do ambiente escolar, oferecendo o Letramento Cinematográfico aos alunos da rede pública do ensino básico, apresentando, por uma perspectiva lúdica e interdisciplinar, questões relacionadas ao conhecimento histórico e ao que diz respeito a tópicos transversais fundamentais para a formação da consciência histórica (RÜSEN,2007). Diante disso, justifica-se esta iniciativa por sua perspectiva interdisciplinar diante o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, propondo transpor a barreira entre os saberes produzidos pela universidade e o espaço escolar. Nesse sentido, cabe ressaltar a importância de trabalhos de campos e projetos de extensão das ciências humanas que tem como público-alvo a rede pública de ensino médio, visto que a flexibilização curricular promulgada pela lei nº 13.415 acabou por minimizar a carga horária das matérias ligadas às ciências humanas, esvaziando o debate crítico dentro da escola pública, os principais afetados pela lei. Dito isso, o projeto “Cine História” foi desenvolvido no Centro Educacional Graça Aranha, localizado em Imperatriz-MA, tendo como  público alvo alunos do ensino médio. A partir desta iniciativa propaga-se o ideal de Cinema Popular, de Gutiérrez Alea (1984), tornando o espetáculo sensível-artístico cinematográfico em uma oportunidade de desenvolvimento da criticidade e um veículo para formação de uma consciência histórica.
“DO CAMPO, DAS ÁGUAS E DAS FLORESTAS”:
Authors: Da Cunha Gonçalves Ana Paula , Maria de Sousa Deusa , Formigosa Marcos Marques
Published: February 2025

A história da Educação do Campo no Brasil concerne aos processos de lutas dos movimentos sociais na perspectiva de que o campo tenha uma educação que englobe as suas demandas. O presente artigo faz uma análise do campo de atuação dos egressos do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo da UFPA – Campus de Abaetetuba. No processo de investigação participaram 55 (cinquenta e cinco) egressos do curso das turmas de 2011 a 2015, que responderam a um formulário online, enviados por meio eletrônico a todos os egressos do curso. Como base teórica foram utilizados estudos relacionados à história da educação do campo no Brasil de autores como: Silva (2017), Leite (1999), Souza (2006) e outros; o processo de criação do Curso de Educação do Campo no Estado do Pará, como: Hage (2015), Molina (2014), Pereira (2019); a atuação de egressos da licenciatura abordada por: Brito e Molina (2016), Sopelsa et al (2012), Arroyo (2007) entre outros. A pesquisa é embasada na metodologia qualitativa e para coleta de dados utilizou-se de questionário semiestruturado e os dados obtidos foram analisados a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa. Neste estudo, os egressos expressaram a importância do curso de Educação do Campo como uma licenciatura promissora para a formação de sujeitos do campo; entretanto, manifestam suas insatisfações atreladas ao processo de empregabilidade, que está diretamente relacionada à falta de vagas específicas para essa formação acadêmica nos concursos públicos.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE LAÇOS SOCIAIS ENTRE O FANDOM DA SAGA STAR WARS:
Authors: Samuel Sanchotene Carlos Renan , Xavier Pereira Cássia
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa busca investigar como acontecem as interações em ambientes online e offline entre fãs da saga Star Wars e os laços criados a partir do Conselho Jedi Divinópolis (CJD). Busca-se estudar as apropriações feitas pelo fandom no contexto da cultura nerd (Matos, 2014) e cultura da convergência (Jenkins, 2009); compreender o perfil dos fãs e a sua relação com a saga e os laços entre os membros do grupo em ambientes online e offline. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas face a face virtual (Hanna; Mwale, 2019) por meio de vídeo chamada via Skype com cinco fãs para compreender as interações e laços sociais. A análise foi dividida em três eixos: relações entre o fandom e a saga Star Wars; relações entre o fandom em ambientes online e relações entre o fandom em ambientes offline. Entre os resultados conclui-se que os laços são formados através das interações e convivências pessoais entre os membros que fomentam laços fortes e multiplexos (Recuero, 2005).
METODOLOGIAS DE PESQUISA SOCIAL PARA A COMPREENSÃO DA REALIDADE
Authors: Lopes de Sousa Rafaela
Published: February 2025

As metodologias de pesquisa social participativas são fundamentais para a compreensão da realidade, especialmente quando se trata do compromisso com as práticas territoriais populares de povos tradicionais em situação de vulnerabilidade. Este enfoque metodológico valoriza a interação e o diálogo entre pesquisadores(as) e sujeitos sociais, reconhecendo a importância das experiências vividas e dos conhecimentos locais. Ao adotar uma abordagem participativa nas pesquisas geográficas, as metodologias de pesquisa social poderão promover a democratização do processo de pesquisa a partir da sensibilidade científica, dialogada junto às comunidades, permitindo que estas participem ativamente na definição do que está sendo pesquisado. Além disso, ao se comprometer com as práticas territoriais populares, essas metodologias visam não apenas compreender a realidade, mas também contribuir para a transformação social e o empoderamento das comunidades locais. Isso envolve não apenas a produção de conhecimento acadêmico, mas também a promoção de ações concretas que visem melhorar as condições de vida e fortalecer os laços sociais dentro de comunidades tradicionais. Nesse sentido, trabalhar no âmbito da ciência geográfica com metodologias de pesquisa social representa um compromisso ético e político com a justiça social e a construção de uma sociedade mais igualitária e participativa.
El mapeo colectivo como herramienta diagnóstica para la determinación de la amigabilidad de la comunidad con las personas mayores: Cascais (Portugal)
Authors: Minguela Recover M.ª Ángeles , Botelho Azevedo Alda
Published: February 2025

El envejecimiento de la población se presenta como un desafió global, que requiere de respuestas
locales como la transformación de ciudades, barrios y comunidades en zonas amigables con las personas que envejecen. El objetivo es mostrar la sistematización del mapeo colectivo realizado en el Barrio Marechal Carmona de Cascais (Portugal). La cartografía social creada muestra sus sentimientos de pertenencia al barrio, las barreras con las tienen que convivir y sus propuestas de mejora desde la proximidad. Como conclusión, el mapeo colectivo es una herramienta diagnóstica versátil e inclusiva, muy útil para el Trabajo Social, que crea un discurso alternativo oportuno, desde dentro, imprescindible en el proceso de transformación hacia un barrio
amigable con las personas mayores.
Characteristics of exercise and rehabilitation intervention clinical trials registered with Clinical Research Information Service: a review
Authors: Lim Jae-Hyun , Kim Byeong-Geun , Choi Ah-Young
Published: February 2025

Exercise and rehabilitation interventions are essential for health restoration, yet reviews on related clinical trials remain limited despite increasing research interest. This study analyzed the characteristics, designs, sample sizes, and outcome variables of clinical trials registered with the Clinical Research Information Service in South Korea, focusing on exercise and rehabilitation interventions. A systematic search using “exercise” and “rehabilitation” identified 1,089 trials registered up to June 9, 2024, with 470 meeting the inclusion criteria. Most studies (79.79%) were retrospectively registered, and 45.11% were open-label trials. Behavioral interventions (26.60%) and medical devices (22.34%) were most common, targeting circulatory (27.45%) and musculoskeletal (19.79%) conditions. Frequently assessed outcomes included ‘balance,’ ‘pain,’ and ‘walking.’ A notable increase in trials was observed since 2017. However, the high proportion of retrospective registrations and open-label designs highlights the need for more prospective and blinded trials to enhance research quality.
Stem cells in canine osteoarthritis. Part 1: sources, effects and modes of action
Authors: Halperin Stewart M
Published: February 2025

Osteoarthritis represents the most prevalent joint pathology diagnosed in both human and veterinary medicine, and it is characterised by progressive degenerative changes and remodelling of synovial joints. These pathological alterations lead to compromised biomechanical function and nociceptive pain responses. In humans, osteoarthritis is associated with severe pain and can evolve into a chronic, debilitating condition. The aetiology is often multifactorial, involving systemic and local biomechanical disruptions. Clinical observations in canines, such as gait abnormalities and a favourable response to analgesic interventions, suggest a comparable pain experience and effect on quality of life in affected dogs.
Efficacy of Dapagliflozin in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Coronary Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Wenchao , Wang Kun , Sun Leina , Su Fangcheng
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor that functions to lower blood sugar by promoting glucose excretion. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the therapeutic efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by coronary heart disease. The objective of this analysis is to provide additional clarity on dapagliflozin’s effectiveness in this specific patient population.

Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed by searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Wip Chinese Science, Technology Journals, China Biomedicine, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Related literature regarding the effectiveness of dapagliflozin, published since the inception of databases until October 2023, was searched and selected. Subsequent to the screening process, the Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the gathered literature. The NoteExpress3.2 software (Beijing Aegean Music Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) was utilized to manage the literature. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4.1 software (The Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK). The p-value of the Q test determined the heterogeneity of the studies, guiding the choice between fixed or random effect models for establishing the combined effect. Forest plots were used to visualize dapagliflozin’s efficacy in treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. A funnel plot was plotted to assess potential publication bias.

Results Twenty-three studies were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that dapagliflozin has better clinical efficacy (odds ratio [OR] = 3.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.59 to 5.82), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 5.43, 95% CI 4.02 to 6.84). The values of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were lower in the experimental group (OR: –4.03 and –84.65, 95% CI –5.08 to –2.98 and –127.05 to –42.25, respectively). In addition, further analysis showed that the experimental group experienced a lower incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.57).

Conclusion Dapagliflozin is more effective in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by coronary heart disease.
Impact of Nafamostat Mesylate Combined with Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy on Clinical Outcomes, Immune Function, and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Miao Mengai , Chen Zhile
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Sepsis is a prevalent critical condition associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). Nafamostat mesylate (NM), a serine protease inhibitor, has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NM combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on clinical efficacy, immune function, and oxidative stress markers in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI).

Methods A total of 98 patients diagnosed with SA-AKI and treated at The People’s Hospital of Pingyang between January 2022 and January 2024 were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on their treatment regimen: a CRRT group (n = 48) and a NM+CRRT group (n = 50). Clinical outcomes, including length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, were analyzed. Changes in clinical efficacy, immune function, renal function, and oxidative stress markers were assessed before and after treatment. Adverse reactions were also compared between the groups.

Results The total effective rate in the NM+CRRT group was significantly higher than in the CRRT group (p < 0.05). Patients in the NM+CRRT group had significantly shorter ICU stays and lower APACHE II scores compared to those in the CRRT group (p < 0.05). Baseline levels of renal function markers, serum creatinine (SCr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were similar between the groups (p > 0.05). SCr and BUN levels improved significantly in the two groups post-treatment, with significant reductions observed in the NM+CRRT group (p < 0.05). Immune function markers, immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) showed no significant differences between groups at baseline (p > 0.05), but were significantly higher in the NM+CRRT group after treatment (p < 0.05). Oxidative stress markers, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) also showed no significant baseline differences (p > 0.05). After treatment, MDA levels decreased, and GSH-Px levels improved in the two groups, with more significant improvements in the NM+CRRT group. The incidence of adverse reactions was 26.00% in the NM+CRRT group and 16.67% in the CRRT group, with no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusion NM combined with CRRT significantly enhances clinical efficacy, immune function, and renal function in patients with SA-AKI and reduces oxidative stress. The therapy demonstrates an acceptable safety profile and is suitable for clinical application.
Early Prediction of Death Risk in Progressive Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Radiomics Nomogram Based on Clinical Semantic Multi-Parameter Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Xi Yuzhen , Ding Yuanhui , Zhang Yingjiao , Wang Mengze , Wu Chunying , Chen Xuan , Ruan Lei , Ding Zhongxiang , Jiang Feng , Liu Miao
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Patients with recurrent or/and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have a notably low survival rate. Our primary objective in this study is to establish a comprehensive nomogram model based on clinical factors, semantic features, and multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomic features, and to predict the risk of mortality in patients with progressive NPC following intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

Methods A retrospective study, including 110 patients with recurrent or/and metastatic NPC who underwent treatment at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between June 2012 and December 2016, was conducted. Comprehensive reviews of clinical and pre-treatment MRI data were undertaken. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their mortality status within a 5 year-frame: the non-death group (54 cases) and the death group (56 cases). Radiomic features were extracted from patients’ MRIs and the best feature set was selected. Each patient was assigned a radiomic score (Rad-Score). A combined model was constructed using multivariate binary logistic regression, incorporating Rad-Score, semantic features, and clinical data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots were generated to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomic feature model, the clinical-semantic feature model, and the combined model for predicting death risk in patients with progressive NPC. A nomogram based on the combined model was constructed.

Results Gender, invasion of the carotid sheath by the primary tumour, tumour volume, and progression time showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the three models in the death and non-death groups (p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) value for the radiomic feature model was 0.861 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.783–0.920), while the AUC value for the clinical-semantic feature model was 0.797 (95% CI: 0.709–0.868). The combined model demonstrated the highest efficacy for predicting death risk in NPC patients, with an AUC value of 0.904 (95% CI: 0.832–0.952), accuracy of 0.818, sensitivity of 0.857, specificity of 0.870, negative predictive value of 0.778, and positive predictive value of 0.857.

Conclusion The combined model incorporating clinical features, semantic features and multi-parameter MRI radiomic features is a highly valuable tool for predicting death risk in patients with progressive NPC, providing a quantitative approach to aiding in early clinical intervention and treatment.
Causal Relationship between Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Bidirectional and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhou Jiaying , Zhu Fengting , Sun Leimin
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background The relationship between dysregulated branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not fully understood. This study applied a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to explore the potential causal relationship between circulating BCAA levels and IBD.

Methods Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on total BCAA levels, comprising leucine, valine, and isoleucine, were utilized. Data on IBD and its subtypes were sourced from the FinnGen study. The primary analytical method was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) MR. To determine the direct causal effect of BCAA levels on IBD risk while accounting for confounders, we employed multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR).

Results IVW analysis revealed a positive correlation between circulating total BCAA levels, including valine, leucine, and isoleucine, and an increased risk of Crohn’s disease (CD). No causal link was detected between BCAA levels and overall IBD or ulcerative colitis (UC). In the MVMR analysis, adjusting for common risk factors further validated a direct causal effect of elevated BCAA levels on CD risk.

Conclusion Our findings suggest that elevated circulating BCAA levels are associated with an increased risk of CD. Further research is warranted to explore the potential implications of these findings for CD risk management.
Development and Validation of a Preoperative Prediction Model for Neoplastic Gallbladder Polyps
Authors: Zhang Yanning , Hao Jinyong , Wang Pengfei , Xu Shaoce , Zhou Xiong , Wang Jingzhe , Huang Xiaojun
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background The primary goal in evaluating gallbladder polypoid lesions (GPLs) is to identify neoplastic polyps (NP). Numerous studies have investigated risk factors for NP. This study aimed to develop a practical preoperative prediction model for NP using simple and easily accessible clinical variables.

Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from patients with GPLs who underwent cholecystectomy at Lanzhou University Second Hospital between January 2018 and September 2022. A total of 621 cases were included and randomly assigned into a training set (70%) and an internal validation set (30%). An external validation set was established using data from 117 patients treated at other centers between January and December 2023. Univariate logistic analyses were performed, followed by backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis for variables with p< 0.2 to identify significant variables associated with NP. These predictors were included in the final logistic regression model and visualized as a nomogram model. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility of the model were evaluated.

Results Age (odd ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03–1.09, p= 0.0001), polyp size (OR = 19.01, 95% CI = 6.48–55.79, p < 0.0001), polyp number (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.12–0.56, p = 0.0006), gallbladder wall thickness (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.02–2.41, p= 0.0385), and polyp echo characteristics (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19–0.85, p = 0.0169) were identified as independent influencing factors for NP. The area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model in the training, internal validation, and external validation sets were 0.886 (95% CI, 0.841–0.930), 0.836 (95% CI, 0.753–0.919), and 0.867 (95% CI, 0.743–0.978), respectively. Calibration curves for the three datasets showed Brier scores of 0.079, 0.092, and 0.070, all below 0.25, indicating good calibration. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) analysis suggested that a threshold probability of 0.6 provided the most significant clinical benefit.

Conclusion This prediction model, incorporating easily accessible variables, demonstrated excellent performance in the identification of NP and contributed to clinical decision-making in GPL management.
The impact of poverty on children's mental health
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: February 2025

In this article, Aysha Mendes examines the evidence to show the effects of poverty on children and families, and what is being done to tackle the problem in the UK
Competing for Celebrity: Sarah Grand, Matilda Betham-Edwards, and Mid-Victorian Memories
Authors: Bilston Sarah
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This article explores how New Woman Sarah Grand and mid-century novelist of rural life Matilda Betham-Edwards, advanced their respective claims to fame in the 1919 memoir Mid-Victorian Memories . At the ends of long lives, with dwindling reputations, both responded to the demands of celebrity culture by staging scenes of celebrity sociability in minutely described domestic interiors while generating mystery through withheld information. But competition played a vital part, too, as both framed the other as a dimmer star in the literary constellation than herself. The text reminds us afresh of the degree to which competition powers what Sharon Marcus terms the “Drama of Celebrity.”
Multi-Watt Diode-Pumped Ti:sapphire Laser
Authors: Simpson Niall , Kemp Alan , Lee Martin
Published: February 2025

We present a diode-pumped Ti:sapphire laserr with 2.9 W output power and M2 of 1.2 × 1.1. This is the highest output power reported for a near-TEM00 (M2≤1.2) diode-pumped Ti:sapphire. The laser is pumped by a commercially available diode-laser module designed for cutting and engraving applications, in a configuration that reduces the complexity of the optical setup relative to other diode-pumped systems.
Progress in providing legal abortion services after law reform: A quantitative study in three provinces of Argentina
Authors: Keogh Sarah C. , Binstock Georgina , Tort Mailén Pérez , Singh Susheela
Published: February 2025

Argentina’s 2021 abortion law grants the right to abortion on-request up to 14 weeks’ gestation, as well as continuing to allow abortion after 14 weeks on specific grounds. The early years after law reform provide a unique opportunity to assess progress and identify barriers, to both inform program improvements and guide other countries undergoing reform. This study assesses the first two years of law implementation. We surveyed a purposive sample of 45 key informants about implementation successes and barriers. In addition, we surveyed 223 public health facilities (selected through stratified systematic random sampling) in three provinces: Buenos Aires, Chaco and La Rioja. We collected information on abortion services, resources, personnel, training, and obstacles to provision. We present weighted results on characteristics of abortion provision by facilities, representative of each province, complemented by key informant perspectives. Two years into law reform, abortions under 14 weeks were offered in a large number of facilities at all levels, while later abortions were offered mainly in hospitals. Facilities adhered to protocols, had adequate supplies, and kept comprehensive records. Over 90% of abortions were performed using misoprostol, with MVA accounting for most of the remainder. Major barriers to provision included insufficient personnel, exacerbated by high levels of conscientious objection (over 60% of hospitals had at least 2 objecting doctors), and inadequate training in methods other than misoprostol, particularly among health centers. Argentina has made impressive advances in the short time since law reform. Implementation could be improved by increasing personnel (through incentives, task-shifting, and enforcement of conscientious objection regulations), strengthening training on different abortion techniques, and expanding public information campaigns about abortion rights and services available. In the face of diminished support for abortion under the new government, measures to strengthen abortion services and reduce stigma are critical, if reproductive rights are to be upheld.
Facilitators and barriers for healthcare workers’ adherence to the national nutritional guidelines for people living with HIV in Dar-es-Salaam: A mixed-method study
Authors: Mwakasungura Felistar , Mkumbwa Rebecca , Sunguya Bruno
Published: February 2025

The dual burden of HIV and malnutrition is a significant public health challenge in high burden Sub-Saharan African countries. Tanzania is no exception. Care and treatment of HIV has been strengthened in these countries, however integration with nutrition care and support remains poor. This study evaluated adherence to nutritional guidelines for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Dar es Salaam Tanzania and identified its influencing factors. A mixed method study was conducted among PLHIV, health facility administrators, and healthcare providers from April 29 to May 27, 2024. Data were collected through observation checklists, structured questionnaires, and in-depth interviews. Statistical and qualitative analyses were performed to assess adherence and determinants. Among 478 participants who received care, only 19.5% were managed while adhering to the national nutritional guidelines. Universally, anthropometric assessments were taken, however, only 1% received micronutrient supplements. Higher education (AOR = 5.08, p = 0.019) and attendance at referral hospitals (AOR = 8.23, p = 0.032) positively influenced adherence. Conversely, nurse attendance (AOR = 0.34, p = 0.038), adequate staffing (AOR = 0.31, p = 0.010), and urban residence (AOR = 0.47, p = 0.009) negatively influenced adherence. Key facilitators included consistent training and supportive leadership while financial constraints and high staff turnover remained important barriers. There is a significant gap in adherence to nutritional guidelines among PLHIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This highlights the need for improved resource distribution, staff training, and clients education in Tanzania and countries with similar contexts.
Couple-centered HIV prevention and care: Endorsement, practice and uncertainty among us healthcare providers in western-central upstate New York
Authors: Leblanc Natalie M. , Muheriwa-Matemba Sadandaula R. , St. Vil Noelle , Alcena-Stiner Danielle , Bond Keosha T. , Glazier Alexander , Rosario-McCabe Luis , Lambert Faith , Smith Martez
Published: February 2025

Given the influence of provider perspective and practice in the uptake of HIV/STI prevention and care strategies, this qualitative descriptive design study sought to illuminate perspectives of couples HIV testing and counseling (CHTC) and describe couple/partner-based practices among health providers in New York State. We utilized a purposive sampling strategy to recruit health providers (N = 27). Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted from Sept. 2019 to Feb. 2021. Four themes emerged: perspectives on engaging partners and couples-centered sexual health promotion; providers’ experiences with patients and partners in HIV prevention and care; provider endorsement of CHTC; and perceived CHTC implementation determinants. CHTC endorsement was prominently due to the perception of CHTC as a facilitator to enhance patient-provider engagement in HIV/STI treatment and care, especially in the communication and dissemination of information among partners. Providers reported that health literacy needs regarding HIV/STI testing and diagnosis, but primarily STIs treatment regimens warranted a joint approach. CHTC endorsement entailed the strategy’s perceived ability to enhance sexual health literacy among patients and patient’s partners. Lastly, CHTC endorsements entailed provider beliefs that it ensured knowledge equity and joint literacy in the communication of health information among health consumers. Determinants of CHTC implementation were factors that providers perceived to have a bearing on the facilitation or posed as barriers to jointly engage partners in HIV/STI prevention and care and was subsequently a source of provider uncertainty. These determinants ranged from provider-level factors to organizational capacity issues that could impact CHTC implementation. Recommendations for CHTC are discussed.
Document review of the paper-based implementation of the Framework and strategy for disability and rehabilitation in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Hussein El Kout Naeema Ahmad Ramadan , Benjamin-Damons Natalie , Pilusa Sonti Imogene
Published: February 2025

Background

The prevalence of disability is on the rise globally and in South Africa, with a high number of unmet needs and poor actualisation of the health rights of persons with disabilities. A tool to realise these rights is health policy, such as the framework and strategy for disability and rehabilitation (2015-2022)(FSDR). There are limited data on the implementation outcomes of the FSDR.

Objective

To review the implementation of the FSDR according to the paper-based provincial reports.

Methods

The study conducted a document review and utilised a concurrent mixed-method design, combining qualitative and quantitative data extracted from paper-based evaluation templates developed by the South African National Department of Health (NDoH). The qualitative analysis involved thematic coding using the RE-AIM framework to examine the FSDR’s implementation across eight provinces, while quantitative data, such as frequencies and percentages, provided supplementary insights.

Results

The quantitative results revealed that 87% of the reports from provinces reported physical accessibility to the FSDR, and 62% of provinces received training on the implementation of the FSDR. Only two out of eight provinces have conducted monitoring and evaluation since implementing the FSDR in 2015. Qualitative findings revealed poor reach and adoption of the FSDR owing to a lack of implementation training for end users. The lack of indicators resulted in poor maintenance of the FSDR, as well as the lack of human resources and equipment which resulted in the reduced efficacy of the FSDR.

Conclusion

The FSDR has not achieved its full level of implementation due to numerous barriers, such as lack of resources, human capacity, and training on implementation.
Effects of electroporation on Acanthamoeba Polyphaga
Authors: Pessoa Palloma Santiago Prates , Barcelos Raphael , Pinto Larissa Fagundes , de Freitas Denise , Campos Mauro
Published: February 2025

Background

Species of the genus Acanthamoeba spp. are ubiquitous and can cause Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), a serious corneal infection. Due to the toxicity and ineffectiveness of currently available prolonged therapies, we investigated electroceutical treatment aimed at facilitating the permeation of molecules through the membrane of cysts and trophozoites, which allows for faster elimination of the parasite.

Methods

Cysts and trophozoites of Acanthamoeba polyphaga (ATCC® 30461TM) were exposed in vitro to an electric field with intensities of 2,000 volts and 2,500 volts. Viability after electroporation was assessed by the exclusion method with 0.4% trypan blue dye, while permeabilization was assessed by fluorescence microscopy using propidium iodide (PI), since both are impermeable to the membrane of viable and intact cells. The images were acquired on a Nikon Eclipse TI-U microscope and analyzed using ImageJ software.

Results

With regard to viability, 40% of the trophozoites electroporated at 2,000 V and 42% of those electroporated at 2,500 V were lost, while for cysts the loss was 13% and 16% respectively. Considering permeabilization, 55% of trophozoites and cysts were permeabilized at 2,000 V (p ≤ 0.05); and 59% at 2,500 V for both (p ≤ 0.05). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Conclusion

The voltages tested were effective for both cysts and trophozoites, since the percentages of permeabilization were close, with no statistical significance between them, only with the control groups. These results suggest the possibility that an electroceutical treatment could be applied as a complement to the standard treatment for AK.
LiAlSiO4-coated Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode: Enhancing Li-ion battery performance
Authors: Yang Shang-Mei , Shao Shi-Ping , Xie Yu-Long
Published: February 2025

The lithium fast ion conductor LiAlSiO4 demonstrates exceptional lithium-ion transmission properties alongside remarkable chemical stability. Utilizing sol-gel techniques, we synthesized LiAlSiO4-coated cathode materials (LNCM@LASO) based on Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 to enhance their electrochemical performance. Rm space groups were identified in all materials through high-intensity diffraction peaks, indicating the presence of hexagonal layered α-NaFeO2 structures. Benefiting from the coating layer of LiAlSiO4, the conductivity and electrochemical performance of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 are significantly improved. Compared with the unmodified LASO-0 sample (42.27%), the LASO-3 sample exhibits a superior initial coulomb efficiency of 66.02%. At various charge/discharge rates (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 C), the LASO-3 electrode exhibits specific discharge capacities of 210.6, 189.3, 168.1, 151.8, and 125.2 mAh·g−1, correspondingly. Upon reverting the current density from 2 C to 0.1 C, the discharge capacity of the LASO-3 electrode rebounds to 206.4 mAh·g−1. After 100 cycles at 0.1 C, the LASO-3 electrode achieves a peak capacity retention rate of 88.9%. The superior conductive properties and chemical stability of the LNCM@LASO enhance the electron and ion transfer, thereby preventing electrolyte attack and boosting the electrochemical performance. This research marks a crucial step towards developing high-capacity, low-cost lithium-ion batteries with wide-ranging implications across multiple disciplines and industries.
Historical precipitation and flood damage in Japan: functional data analysis and evaluation of models
Authors: Wakai Atsushi , Hijioka Yasuaki , Yokozawa Masayuki , Watanabe Manabu , Sakurai Gen
Published: February 2025

The future increase of large-scale weather disasters resulting from the increased frequency of extreme weather events caused by climate change is a matter of concern. Predicting future flood damage through statistical analysis requires accurate modeling of the relationship between historical precipitation and flood damage. An analysis that considers precipitation as a time series may be appropriate for this purpose. Functional data analysis was applied to model the relationship between historical daily precipitation and daily flood damage for river basins in the Kanto and Koshin regions of Japan. Flood damage statistics from the national government and 1-km grid past precipitation data from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization were used. The models obtained through the functional data analysis were more accurate than those derived from the simple linear regression without considering the time series of precipitation. The new models were also about four times more accurate in estimating the annual sum of flood damage, compared to the flood damage of each flood event. The accuracy of prediction was higher in recent years than in earlier years of the study period (1993–2020). The results showed that the influence of precipitation on flood damage was more apparent in recent years. This findings may imply that the progress of the river development project and the resulting improvement of the structures along the river have indirectly affected levels of flood damage associated with levels of precipitation.
Epidemiology of reported serious adverse drug reactions due to anti-infectives using nationwide database of Thailand
Authors: Sittiphan Sopit , Lim Apiradee , Khurram Haris , Dureh Nurin , Dittakan Kwankamon
Published: February 2025

Serious Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) can cause a longer stay, which can result in fatal outcomes. Understanding the prognostic factors for the serious ADRs play a vital role in developing appropriate serious ADR prevention strategies. This study aimed to analyze nationwide database in Thailand to identify predisposing factors associated with the serious ADRs, explore drug exposure, distribution of serious ADRs, types of ADRs, and classify the determinants of serious ADR due to anti-infective in Thailand. The national database of anti-infective-induced ADRs from January 2012 to December 2021 in Thailand’s 77 provinces, Thai Vigibase at the Health Product Vigilance Center (HPVC), was considered. After pre-processing, frequencies and percentages were used to investigate the distribution of ADR seriousness. To determine the significance of the independent variables on the seriousness of anti-infective-induced ADRs, logistic regression and the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model were performed. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 82,333 ADR cases, of which 20,692 were serious ADRs (25.13%). Serious ADRs is statistically associated with region, gender, ethnicity, age, type of patient, history of drug allergy, chronic disease and dose frequency (p-value < 0.001). The most commonly reported serious ADRs were in the South region of Thailand (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.88–1.97), followed by the North region (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.64–1.71) of Thailand. Gender and history of drug allergy were also statistically associated with the seriousness of ADRs (p-value = 0.001). Reported ADRs revealed that patients were males (OR =  1.11, 95% CI = 1.11–1.13) and those with a prior history of drug allergy (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.20–1.24) were more likely to experience serious ADRs. The risk of having an ADR reported as serious was significantly higher in patients aged 60 and over (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.39–1.46) and patients aged 40–59 years (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.31–1.37) compared to patients aged 0–19 years. IPD patients most commonly associated with serious ADRs. The results of this study will enable healthcare professionals to use caution when prescribing to those groups. Furthermore, developing a reporting system to reduce serious ADR evidence, such as software with electronic prescribing databases or applications that enable efficient detection of ADRs in high-risk groups, was critical in order to closely monitor and improve patient safety.
Association between cardiometabolic index and albuminuria: Evidence from NHANES 2017–2020
Authors: Xu Qiming , Lin Junyan , Liao Lin , Hu Jing , Lu Jianrao
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Albuminuria is a crucial marker of kidney damage and serves as an early indicator of the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have suggested that the cardiometabolic index (CMI), could be valuable for screening renal insufficiency. However, the relationship between CMI and albuminuria remains underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between CMI and albuminuria, with the goal of providing new insights for the clinical diagnosis, assessment, and early intervention of kidney disease.

Methods

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the period between 2017–2020 provided the data for this cross-sectional investigation. Triglyceride (TG) (mmol/L)/High density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C) (mmol/L) ×  Waist height ratio (WHtR) was the formula used for calculating CMI. Using multifactorial logistic regression, the independent connection between albuminuria and CMI was investigated. The threshold effect was determined by means of a two-stage linear regression model. Additionally, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were carried out.

Results

A total of 3,339 participants were included, and 12.38% of them had albuminuria. As the CMI quartiles grew (quartile 1: 7.78%, quartile 2: 13.43%, quartile 3: 12.93%, quartile 4: 17.01%), so did the probability of albuminuria. The results of adjusted model 3 showed that a greater probability of albuminuria prevalence was strongly correlated with CMI (OR =  2.26, 95% CI: 1.58–3.23). This association held true for all subgroups (all P for trend >  0.05). Furthermore, with a two-stage linear regression model with an inflection point of 0.92, we discovered a nonlinear relationship between CMI and albuminuria.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that CMI levels are significantly associated with the risk of albuminuria prevalence, suggesting that CMI could serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing the risk of albuminuria.
Consumption of protect and risk food groups for non-communicable diseases among women of reproductive age in rural areas of Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors: Mwanri Akwilina Wendelin , Mishili Fulgence , Assenga Theresia , Suleiman Rashid , Mwaseba Dismas , Nchimbi-Msolla Susan
Published: February 2025

Malnutrition has been persistently high in Tanzania, especially in the rural areas. Although some interventions have been implemented to reduce the rate of undernutrition, improvement is much slower than expected. Moreover, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age has been on the increase. Changes in lifestyles specifically in eating habits may contribute to the observed increase trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, there are limited studies that have assessed diet quality for women. Hence, this study aimed to assess the consumption of protective and risk food groups for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in rural areas of the Morogoro region, Tanzania. The cross-sectional study involved 512 randomly selected women of reproductive age in Mvomero district. All mothers or caretakers with children of age 6–23 months who resided in the area for over three months were eligible to participate. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and the Global Diet Quality Questionnaire was used to collect dietary intake data for women. A multivariate regression model was used to identify factors associated with consumption of diversified diets, NCD-protect, and NCD-risk food group scores. The results show that about 42% of the women had no formal education and about one in three women own a mobile phone. About 70% consumed vegetables while 33% consumed deep fried foods. Only 34% of the women met the minimum diet diversity (MDD-W) of five or more food groups. The mean NCD-protect score was 2.8 ± 1.4 and the NCD-risk score was 0.77 ± 0.97. Household income was positively associated with an increase in both protect scores and NCD-risk. Mobile phone ownership was positively associated with NCD-risk. Other factors such as age and self-employment in agriculture were positively associated NCD-protect while the number of children was negatively associated with NCD-protect score. Rural communities should be educated on the importance of food diversification starting from production to consumption and the need for multiple sources of income to increase purchasing power of the household while considering proper food choices to avoid the risk of NCDs. The Ministry of Agriculture and other stakeholders should support and promote production of bio-fortified crops and keeping small animals. The Ministry of Education should ensure that school children are aware of the NCD-risk foods and make available healthier food choices around the school environment.