bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОБЩЕСТВЕННАЯ СОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ИНСТИТУТА СИТИ-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В ОЦЕНКАХ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И РЕСПУБЛИКИ АДЫГЕЯ
Authors: Дятлов Александр Викторович , Ковалев Виталий  Владимирович
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования выступает выявление общественной состоятельности сити-менеджмента в оценках получателей муниципальных услуг Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея на основе сформулированных авторами эмпирических индикаторов.

Методологическая база исследования основывается на положениях неоинституциональной теории Д. Норта, применяемых к изучению процессов институционализации сити-менеджмента в системе муниципального управления, а в конкретно-прикладном аспекте — массовом социологическом опросе, проведенном в муниципальных образованиях Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея.

Результаты исследования. Осуществлена интерпретация результатов массового социологического опроса, проведенного среди населения муниципальных образований Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея на предмет определения общественной состоятельности института сити-менеджмента. Под общественной состоятельностью понимается достижение основных целей, поставленных перед институтом сити-менеджмента, прежде всего, привлечение профессиональных управленцев для улучшения показателей социально-экономического развития территорий. В качестве критериев для оценки сформулированы четыре аспекта: доверие к реформе, цели реформы, удовлетворенность реформой и ожидание последствий от реформы. Авторы пришли к выводу, что значительная масса населения реформе не доверяет, видит в ней иные цели, чем декларирует законодатель, не удовлетворена результатами, опасается наступления негативных последствий от её реализации. В то же время имеются и иные результаты от введения сити-менеджмента, поскольку выделены устойчивые группы респондентов, высказавшие положительное к ней отношение, что последовательно проявляется по всем аспектам оценки, включая отказ от значимости института избираемых мэров.

Перспективы дальнейших исследований авторы видят в проведении фокусированных интервью с бизнес-сообществами и гражданскими активистами, которые позволят расширить субъектную базу измерения общественной состоятельности института сити-менеджмента в муниципальном управлении.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРАКТИКИ В СИСТЕМЕ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ МОЛОДЁЖИ
Authors: Захарова Вера Александровна
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является исследование экологических практик в системе социализации современной российской молодёжи.

Методологическую базу исследования представляют классические социологические теории (Э. Дюркгейм, М. Вебер и др.), культурсоциология (Дж. Александер) и рискологический подход (У. Бек).

Результаты исследования. Экологические практики в целом соответствуют уровню развития экологической культуры в стране, которая, однако, может различаться в зависимости от региона. Более того, в наиболее неблагополучных с точки зрения экологии регионах экологические практики молодёжи будут не столь эффективными по своему социальному воздействию или могут сводиться просто к минимизации и избеганию дополнительных рисков. Сложившаяся ситуация свидетельствует в пользу того, что молодёжь ещё необходимо заинтересовать экологической проблематикой. Командная работа по профилактике экологической безопасности и мониторингу окружающей среды в собственном регионе или районе приучает молодых людей к сотрудничеству в решении актуальных экологических проблем.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее развитие экологических практик современной российской молодежи.
КАПИТАЛИЗМ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕОРИИ
Authors: Павлов Павел Викторович , Любченко Василий  Сергеевич
Published: October 2020

Целью статьи является анализ проблем капитализма и его тенденций в свете современного социального знания.

Методология исследования: статья базируется на анализе текстов современных теоретиков, обращающихся к критическому изучению социальных и экономических аспектов современного капитализма (Дж. Дин, Н. Срничек и А. Уильямс, Т. Пикетти).

Результаты исследования. В статье делается вывод о том, что проблема современного капитализма становится предметом серьезной критической рефлексии в ряде теорий, рассматривающих его через призму таких проблем, как «неофеодализм», альтернативные проекты посткапитализма и «посттрудового» общества, социально-экономическое неравенство. Важной проблемой в этих теориях являются дискуссии о «безусловном базовом доходе» и прогрессивном налоге на капитал.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕПУТАЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ КАК ВАЖНЫЙ АСПЕКТ В РЕПУТАЦИОННОМ МАРКЕТИНГЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ВЫСШЕГО УЧЕБНОГО ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ
Authors: Резакова Юлия Олеговна , Якунин Денис Владимирович
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является построение алгоритма исследования репутации и репутационных рисков вуза с учетом выявленных параметров репутации высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации.

Методологическую базу составляют общенаучные методы исследования: анализ, классификация, а также статистические методы — корреляционный анализ и множественная регрессия. Компьютерные программы Microsoft Excel®, SPSS® и Statistica® применялись в качестве программно-технического комплекса. Эмпирической и информационной базой исследования послужили работы российских и зарубежных учёных, посвящённые вопросам повышения эффективности работы организацией при переходе к управлению на основе маркетингового подхода, а также научные работы по формированию репутации и способам снижения репутационных рисков.

Результаты исследования. В работе построен алгоритм исследования репутации и репутационных рисков вуза. На основе проведенного исследования классифицированы 5 параметров репутации высшего учебного заведения, проведена оценка репутационных рисков, смоделирован репутационный профиль вуза. Внедрение анализа репутационных рисков позволяет разрабатывать стратегии по мероприятиям репутационного маркетинга вуза.

Перспективу исследования составляет формирование инструментов исследования репутационных рисков вуза.
O ensino de química para alunos surdos e ouvintes: utilizando a experimentação como estratégia didática para o ensino de Cinética Química
Authors: Vilela-Ribeiro Evelin , Costa Lorenna Silva , Canavarro Ana Maria , Rocha Ana Paula , Borges Tássia Gabriela , Vaz Wesley , Lima-Ribeiro Matheus de Souza
Published: October 2020

De acordo com as pesquisas realizadas, temos observado que ainda não existeuma estratégia didática padrão para ministrar uma aula de química paraestudantes surdos de maneira que eles possam participar e aprender ativamente.Nesse sentido, existem problemas que são frequentemente relatados em relaçãoao ensino de química em espaços inclusivos. Com o intuito de buscar soluções, foicriada uma estratégia didática sobre o tópico de “Cinética Química”, com autilização de quatro experimentos, juntamente com a aula expositiva-dialogada.A estratégia didática foi avaliada a partir da resolução de questionários e criaçãode desenhos. Observamos que essa metodologia auxiliou na visualização dosconteúdos para todos os alunos. Dessa forma, inserimos a utilização dos aspectosvisuais como facilitadora da aquisição de conhecimento científico, ajudando noprocesso de inclusão escolar.
Freedom of Expression and Alternatives for Internet Governance: Prospects and Pitfalls
Authors: Ricknell Emma
Published: October 2020

This article dives into the ongoing debate on how to address concerns of personal safety and respect online, as well as consequences for exposure to polarizing and in various ways harmful information, while at the same time safeguarding the democratic essentials of freedom of expression and participation. It does so by examining the issue from a less common angle, namely who governs the Internet and the platforms where much of the toxic material appears. By applying a model of free speech regulation conceptualized by legal scholar Jack Balkin (2018a, 2018b), the article explores different theoretical future scenarios of Internet governance involving three main players, namely governments, private companies, and speakers. The analysis finds that depending on which player is at the forefront, the outcomes from the standpoint of participation and freedom of speech may be drastically different. While there is potential for transformation that can enable more ownership, transparency, and agency for citizens and news media, some potential paths will place ever-increasing control over the interests of users.
Walking, Talking, and Tasting with Winegrowers in Central Ohio and Eastern France: Sensorial Approaches to Making Sense of Climate Change
Authors: Arceño Mark Anthony
Published: October 2020

Drawing on eighteen months of fieldwork throughout central Ohio, USA, and Alsace, eastern France, I reflect on the importance of relying on more than just my eyes when collecting data. I illustrate examples of how I have felt, heard, smelled, tasted, and now talk about the changes that winegrowers identify in their vineyards, wine cellars, and tasting rooms. Underlying my analysis is a range of winegrowers’ sensibilities when it comes to their attributions of landscape change, acceptance of climate variability, and acknowledgment of anthropogenic climate change. I affirm that it is necessary to look beyond what we observe, as we interpret the collective stories of winegrowers, which are rooted not only in global discourse of climate change but other realities of legislative and economic change. An attunement to the senses, though not in itself a novel concept, remains vital to crafting a holistic picture of which and how livelihoods are changing.
Múltiplos sentidos de direito e a busca do significado principal
Authors: De Moraes Renato José
Published: October 2020

As noções de analogia e de atribuição ad unum, desenvolvidas por Aristóteles e por pensadores medievais, referem-se a conceitos que, embora expressos pelos mesmos termos, são dotados de significados em parte iguais e em parte distintos. Essas noções podem ser empregadas para compreender os diversos significados da palavra "direito", identificando uma hierarquia entre eles. Segundo os juristas romanos, o significado originário de direito é o de ipsa res iusta, a própria coisa justa. Ou seja, o objeto de um ato de justiça, aquilo que é devido a uma parte em uma relação equilibrada de troca de bens. A partir dessa significação, derivaram-se outras duas fundamentais: a do direito como técnica, pela qual é descoberto o direito - a coisa justa - em um caso concreto; e a do direito como norma, porque esta é a razão e a medida do direito coisa justa. Vemos que se trata mesmo de atribuição ou predicação ad unum, porque os três conceitos são efetivamente "direito", porque têm um fundamento comum; ao mesmo tempo, são distintos entre si.
Practices to Foster Learning to Learn in Early Childhood Education: descriptive findings from a qualitative international research project
Authors: Huerta Guerra Maria del Carmen , Cárdenas Gónzalez Victor Gerardo , De León Darío
Published: October 2020

Aprender a aprender (AaA) es una de las competencias clave en la sociedad del conocimiento. Dada su reconocida importancia, muchos países la han incluido en su currículo nacional. Hasta la fecha, poco se sabe si los docentes promueven dicha competencia en las aulas. Esta investigación exploratoria cualitativa investiga si los docentes de educación infantil de los países participantes favorecen el AaA a través de sus prácticas de enseñanza, identificando similitudes y diferencias entre los países participantes. Los participantes incluyen 23 docentes de educación infantil: 5 en Italia, 4 en México, 10 en España y 4 en Uruguay. Para la recogida de información utilizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas y realizamos análisis de contenidos para identificar los elementos del AaA que son promovidos por los docentes. Para ello, identificamos estos elementos con las dimensiones teóricas de nuestro marco conceptual. Encontramos que los maestros participantes reportan una diversidad de actividades para fomentar esta competencia. La mayoría de las actividades promueven elementos de más de una dimensión del AaA. Sin embargo, se observan diferencias entre países tanto en el predominio de las actividades como en los objetivos pedagógicos que los docentes buscan con ellas. Los participantes en países con un currículo que promueve el AaA (Italia y España) reportan un mayor número de prácticas que favorecen el AaA que los países donde las guías curriculares para promover dicha competencia no existen o no están claras (México y Uruguay).Palabras clave: Aprender a aprender, competencia clave, educación primera infancia, prácticas pedagógicas.
Sociedad, Universidad, Empresa y Talento en momentos de cambio. Aprender y desaprender para volver a emprender.
Authors: Argüelles Rodriguez Vanessa
Published: October 2020

Universidad, Empresa y Sociedad vienen guardando una estrecha relación condicionada por los elementos económicos, sociales, políticos y funcionales que operan en cada momento histórico; hoy, la cultura academicista y una visión funcionalista de la adquisición de competencias y habilidades de liderazgo tratan de convivir y engranarse en los entornos universitarios. Este artículo, elaborado en base a una revisión documental, analiza el concepto de talento desde el foco de las empresas y estudia la permuta hacia modelos de estudiantes favorecedores de empleados más preparados para trabajar, con aspiraciones y protagonistas de su propio aprendizaje para disponer de más oportunidades que mejoren su empleabilidad y, por ende, su calidad de vida. Esta investigación invita a la reflexión de si las universidades deben asumir un nuevo enfoque para adaptarse a un contexto emergente y prever situaciones futuras que las mantengan como agentes y referentes educativos.Palabras Clave: aprendizaje, enseñanza, formación, talento, competencia y liderazgo.
Pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological disorders in experimental animals exposed to vibration
Authors: Vorobieva Viktoriya V. , Levchenkova Ol’ga S. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2020

The review presents an analysis of literature on the study of nervous system changes in experimental animals exposed to vibration. The hypoxic type of cellular metabolism against the background of vibration is the result of vascular mechanoreceptors stimulation and spasm of blood vessels as well as intravascular pressure phase fluctuations and impaired blood and lymph outflow. Hemodynamic disorders and microangiopathy in the central nervous system can reach the level of cerebral vascular impairment and capillary-trophic insufficiency of the brain. Changes in calcium homeostasis at the cellular and tissue levels is a key mechanism of neuronal destruction occurring alongside with impaired blood supply to the nervous tissue in patients with vibrational disease. Long-term exposure to vibration results in reduced tissue respiration in the brain structures of experimental animals, that is most pronounced in the cortex and leads to a pathological change of spontaneous electrical activity of brain structures. Acute vibration stress stimulated the synthesis and excretion of serotonin not only in the hippocampus and hypothalamus but also in the cerebellum, which explains the disturbances of the oculomotor reactions observed in vibration exposure in the control system of the vertical vestibular ocular reflex. A decrease in the total number of neurons as well as an increase in the number of astroglia cells against the background of paravascular tissue edema were revealed against the background of changes in neurotransmitters levels. An increase in the concentration of the biomarker of structural and functional damage to brain tissue specific protein S-100B accompanies the development of professional sensorineural hearing loss and dysfunction of cerebral level vegetative regulation.
Psychological Observation Skills in the Daily Work of Transport Police Officers
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Petrova E.A. , Sisoshvili M.S. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: October 2020

this paper presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological observation skills of transport police officers in order to assess their competence level. For the study, the authors developed a questionnaire of 78 questions. Responses collected from 555 police patrol officers are presented, problem areas that cause the greatest difficulties in the work of transport police officers are identified. We conclude that it is necessary to develop psychological observation skills in transport police officers using video and audio training material.
Features of Professional Reflection of Social Workers with Professional Deformations
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Polyakova O.B. ,   Open Humanitarian and Economic University
Published: October 2020

social workers with professional deformations (high level of emotional exhaustion; higher than the average level of general professional deformations, reduction processes in the field of personal achievements and professional motivation, personal distancing, psycho-emotional exhaustion, depersonalization changes) revealed the following features of professional reflection: below average level of active and reflective types, reflection as a consideration of future activities, reflection of real activity, reflection, communication and interaction with others, self-reflection, reflection system, socio reflection; the average level of introspection, quasi-reflection, general reflection, pragmatism, retrospective reflection of activity, reflexivity, theoretical type
Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal Plants from Habitats with Different Anthropogenic Loads
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kurbatov S.A. , Zubkova V.M. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: October 2020

the analysis of results of biochemical research concerning antioxidant activity of medicinal raw materials, with use of a method of inhibition of autooxidation of adrenaline in vitro is carried out. The mechanism of formation of free radicals and their sources is considered. A brief overview of the action of free radicals on the human body and cells is given. For the first time, depending on the biological characteristics, the antioxidant activity of plants in areas characterized by different anthropogenic loads was studied: an increase in the anthropogenic load was accompanied by a decrease in the antioxidant activity of plants.
Chinese Investments in Africa
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Khirbeik Yazan
Published: October 2020

this article focuses on Chinese investment in Africa and its role in achieving economic development. The author examines the most important Chinese investment sectors and the volume of American and European investments in Africa compared to China in 2016–2018. The article discusses the economic, political, and security goals that China seeks to achieve in Africa with these investments, and identifies the tools it uses to achieve this.
Reasons for the Decline of the Rule of Left-Wing Governments in Brazil at the Turn of the XXI Century
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Bek V.V. , Rozental D.M. ,   Institute for Latin American Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2020

the article discusses the reasons for the decline of the rule of left-wing governments in Brazil at the turn of the XXI century. The key points of the study are the problems of the Latin American, in particular the Brazilian “left turn”, embodying a moderate version of change. In addition, the article is raised issues related to the experience of the rule of left parties in this state. The purpose of this article is an author’s study of the main causes of the failure of left-wing governments in Brazil at the present stage.
Foreign Students’ Satisfaction of Russian Educational Environment in 2019
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Political Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernikova A.A. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: October 2020

the article gives a review on foreign student’s satisfaction of Russian universities. A general assessment of the conformity of training, the current degree of satisfaction of students in socio-cultural adaptation, training requirements and difficulties in admission to training. A recommendation is given on organizational changes in universities. It will be useful to all employees of the international departments of universities, including professors and recruiting companies
Prospects of the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the World Arena
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Deshevykh N.S. , Yudaev V.V. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: October 2020

today, the development of the artificial intelligence system determines a number of processes of an international nature. Earlier technological developments formed the internal technological potential of the country and did not go beyond the framework of the national state, but today artificial intelligence forms a spectrum of trends on the world stage. This article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on international relations, examined the possible risks and threats that countries may face as a result of the generation of artificial intelligence technology. The objective of the study is to investigate the possible prospects for the development of artificial intelligence systems, as well as the impact of the application of artificial intelligence technology on the world stage. It was found that the upcoming era of robotics entails, along with military and economic risks, radical changes in the field of global political governance. First of all, this is due to the fact that the possession of artificial intelligence technologies will finally bridge the gap between developed countries and the third world, and also make it insurmountable. In conclusion, the author proposed measures to minimize threats to the use of artificial intelligence technology on the world stage.
Intercultural Interaction: Indonesia and Soviet Society in the Sphere of Art Paintings in the Second Half of the XXth Century
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kurniawan Iwan Jaconiah
Published: October 2020

the paper studies the problem of defining an intercultural interaction. The authors analyzed scientific works to identify and classify the Indonesian social realism art painting. In the second half of the XXth century, Indonesian artists had a close relationship with the Soviet Society in the sphere of fine art. The true influence can be found in the social-realism art movement between 1950–1965s in Indonesia during the first President Soekarno era. But the social-realism art movement was no longer because of the horizontal political conflict on September 30, 1965 as well-known as revolution. During the President Soeharto regime (1965–1999), all social realism fine art was destroyed. Socialist and communist ideology was banned in Indonesia. That’s why they represented socialism and communism style not growing freely until now. However, some paintings can be saved abroad by Russian scientists and art collectors. Since 2016, more than 30 Indonesian social-realism paintings were conserved, served, and shown into a historical exhibition in the State Museum of Moscow Oriental Art. These paintings became important in Indonesian social realism art history
Perception of the Visual Image of the Family in Animation By Children of Different Ages
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Leontyeva T.V.
Published: October 2020

the article presents the results of a sociological study of the perception of the visual image of the family in animated films in children of different ages using the method of in-depth expert interviews. In infancy from birth to a year, the visual image of the family is perceived as a set of color spots. At the age of 1 year to 3 years, the child already understands where in the animated films the visual image of mom, dad, brother or sister is, however, how family relationships are built, how family roles are distributed, children at this age cannot understand. From 3 to 7 years, the visual image of the family is perceived as complete, that is, which of the characters are relatives, how relationships are built within the family, how family roles are distributed, is it a positive or negative family image. At the age of 7 to 12 years, thanks to the almost unlimited possibilities of transmitting visual images in animations, the child receives a certain amount of sensations and emotions, from the existing images he receives ideas that become part of his imagination. At the age of 12 to 15 years, the image of family and family relations in children has already developed, here the child can already consciously select those behaviors that are close to his previous experience and his own ideas. In adolescence from 15 to 18 years, children already perceive and understand what visual images of the family are not constructive
The Role of the Leading Party in Solving Social Policy Issues
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Stoyanova D.D. , Urzha O.A. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: October 2020

the subject of our work is the social policy of the United Russia party. The purpose of the research is to study the role of the leading United Russia party in solving social policy issues in the Russian Federation. The research methods used were institutional and system methods, methods of political and legal analysis, analysis of statistical materials, and study of documents. The result of the work is an analysis of the directions of social policy of the United Russia party and the results of its implementation in certain areas (“United country – accessible environment”, “Strong family”, “Older generation”). The scope of application of the research results extends to the possibility of their use in the development of conceptual documents of the party, the formation of reports on its activities, the creation of an election program for the next elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that until now, the analysis of the social policy of the United Russia party has not been carried out over the past few years. As a result of the research, conclusions were made about the role of the party in the implementation of social programs of the government of the Russian Federation.
A new field of application of saliva tests for prognostic purpose: focus on lung cancer
Authors: Bel’skaya L.V. , Kosenok V.K.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this work was to determine the potential prognostic role of the biochemical parameters of saliva in lung cancer. The study included 425 patients with lung cancer of various histological types. Saliva samples were collected before treatment and 34 biochemical parameters were determined. Prognostic factors were analyzed by multivariate analysis using Cox’s proportional hazard model. Results have shown that for squamous cell carcinoma, LDH activity below 1748 U/L was an independent prognostically unfavorable factor (HR = 2.89; 95% CI 1.28 – 6.46; р = 0.00330). For adenocarcinoma, there was a combination of factors: the content of imidazole compounds above 0.311 mmol/L, seromucoids below 0.098 c.u. and uric acid less than 83 nmol/mL (HR = 7.91; 95% CI 2.52 – 24.11; р = 0.00004). For neuroendocrine lung cancer, an unfavorable prognosis was associated with the urea content below 8 mmol/L, NO below 24 nmol/mL and ALP activity below 74 E/L (HR = 12.50; 95% CI 1.09 – 138.7; р = 0.01184). For radical surgery, an unfavorable prognosis was associated with LDH activity below 545 U/L (HR = 7.20; 95% CI 2.13 – 23.70; p = 0.00968), for combined treatment, with the NO level below 15 nmol/mL (HR = 5.64; 95% CI 1.89 – 16.46; p = 0.02797). The worst prognosis for palliative treatment was observed at the NO level below 24 nmol/mL and the imidazole compound content above 0.311 mmol/L (HR = 2.73; 95% CI 1.07 – 12.92; р = 0.01827). The identified parameters can be used to predict lung cancer and personalized patient’s treatment.
“We are not getting the good stories out”: revisiting Quebec media coverage and NATO’s strategic narrative for the International Assistance and Security Force (ISAF)
Authors: Dufour Patricia Aya
Published: October 2020

The purpose of NATO’s strategic communications is to inform and influence key audiences into supporting its decisions and operations. High levels of public opposition in contributing nations to NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan has led many to blame strategic communications for failing to explain the objectives and the importance of the mission. This paper seeks to evaluate where strategic communications succeeded and where they failed using Quebec as a case study, as it is the Canadian province that had the highest levels of opposition to the mission. The first part of this study uses NATO internal communications products to establish the core messages of the ISAF narrative in different phases of the mission. The second part surveys the main themes in the coverage of ISAF in Quebec’s main newspapers and TV shows. The major finding of this paper is that there was an effective dissemination of the NATO narrative in Quebec media, yet the narrative had little impact on opinion polls. The fact that the strategic communication campaign was successful in informing but not in influencing the Quebec audience carries important implications for the crafting of future NATO strategic narratives. This study concludes that efforts to improve military strategic communications in should focus developing communication products specific to minority cultures.
The Canada-US Border: Approaches to Managing Irregular Crossings
Authors: Kirkey Alexa
Published: October 2020

The Canada-US border has seen a significant spike in irregular crossings from the US into Canada since 2016. As tens of thousands of migrants have crossed into Canada outside official entry points, Canadian officials have had to grapple with how to manage these irregular asylum claims that have put enormous strain on the Canadian immigration system. In response, the Canadian government has developed an approach that sees officials conduct comprehensive security screenings to process these claims. However, the existence of the Safe Third Country Agreement (STCA) between Canada and the US has also created a challenge in dealing with this issue. In response, three approaches have emerged. The first involves completely eliminating the STCA. The second would see serious restriction of asylum claims and patrolling of borders, while the third would seek to maintain the status quo. However, the ideal solution is likely one that finds a middle ground, expediting the processing while also closing loopholes in the agreement.
Study of symptomatology and presentations of COVID-19 in pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Metkari Ankita M. , Palve Tushar T.
Published: October 2020

Background: Objectives of this study were to study the incidence of SARS-CoV-19 positivity and the incidence of different signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy and comparison of the same with studies done in different populations previously.Methods: In this retrospective study, antepartum and postpartum parameters were integrated into the clinical records and total 205 ANC and PNC SARS-CoV-19 positive patients were evaluated for the signs and symptoms of COVID -19 over 2 months.Results: In our study, of all patients tested SARS-CoV-19 positive only 14.65% were symptomatic and rest were incidentally tested positive on admission. Of the symptomatic patients 50% had breathlessness followed by fever (13.33%). 92% patients had mild disease; approximately 8% had moderate disease and 6 out of 205 patient needed ICU care.Conclusions: The present study shows that 85.35% SARS-CoV-19 positive ANC and PNC patients were asymptomatic while only 14.65% symptomatic with breathlessness being the most common symptom at our institute.
Fabrication of AA7075 Hybrid Green Metal Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing Technique
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: October 2020

Friction stir processing is an avant-garde technique of producing new surface composite or changing the different properties of a material through intense, solid-state localized material plastic deformation. This change in properties depends upon the deformation formed by inserting a non-consumable revolving tool into the workpiece and travels laterally through the workpiece. This research work highlights the effect of process parameters on mechanical properties of fabricated surface composites by friction stir processing. By using various reinforcing materials like Ti, SiC, B4C, Al2O3 with waste elements like waste eggshells, rice husks, coconut shell and coir will be used to fabricate the green composites which are environmentally friendly and reduces the problem of decomposition. The parameter for this experiment is considered as the reinforcing materials, tool rotation speed and tool tilt angle. The SiC/Al2O3/Ti along with eggshell are selected asreinforcement materials. The main effect of the reinforcement is to improve mechanical properties, like hardness, impact strength and strength. The results revealed that the process parameters significantly affect the mechanical properties of friction stir processed surface composites.
Influence of Different Populations on Pharmacokinetic Bioequivalence Results: Can We Extrapolate Bioequivalence Results from One Population to Another?
Authors: Ozdin Deniz , Ducharme Murray P. , Varin France , Fuglsang Anders , Al-Numani Dina
Published: October 2020

Purpose: Over the last 15 years, an ever-increasing proportion of pharmacokinetic bioequivalence studies for European/North American generic submissions appeared to have been conducted in geographical/ethnic populations other than those for which the drug is marketed for. The results of pharmacokinetic bioequivalence studies have traditionally been considered to be insensitive to the population studied. However, several recent studies have suggested that this may not necessarily be true. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there were any concerns regarding the current practice of extrapolating bioequivalence study results from one geographic/ethnic population to another. Methods: In order for a regulatory agency to use bioequivalence results from one population to another, two formulations assessed as bioequivalent under fasted and fed conditions in one population must be bioequivalent in a geographically/ethnically different population under both conditions. Unfortunately, bioequivalence studies between a generic and its reference product for one submission are conducted using only one geographical/ethnic population. As bioequivalence study results between two populations for the same generic and reference products are not available, the food effect for the same reference product between two populations was compared. This is based on the rationale that if two products are bioequivalent under both fasted and fed conditions in two populations, even if there are PK differences in the product exposures between these two populations, the test to reference ratio, as well as the food effect, will remain constant within each population. Food effect (fed/fasted ratio) was calculated using pharmacokinetic data from publicly available regulatory resources and compared between two geographical/ethnic populations using the same reference for each studied drug product. Meta-analyses were conducted. Results: Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were found in the food effect between two populations for nine out of the ten (90%) available studied products. Among these, an observed clinical difference was suggested in three out of nine (33%) products. Conclusion: These results suggest that bioequivalence results from one population may not always be representative of what may be found in another population.
Interaction of sperm with endometrium can regulate genes involved in endometrial receptivity pathway in mice: An experimental study
Authors: Ajdary Marziyeh , Zandieh Zahra , Sadat Amjadi Fatemeh , Keyhanfar Fariborz , Keyhanfar Fariborz , Mehdizadeh Mehdi , Aflatoonian Reza
Published: October 2020

Background: Many researchers consider implantation and endometrial receptivity as pertinent issues in reproductive science. Although, several experiments have been performed and their results evaluated, yet there is no confirmed evidence about the related factors and the role of sperm in endometrial receptivity. Objective: To investigate the effect of the sperm-endometrium interaction in regulating genes involved in the endometrial receptivity pathway.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 10 male and 30 female NMRI mice were included, and half of the male cases were vasectomized. The subjects were divided into two groups as follows; group 1 (case) comprised of 15 females mated with 5 non-vasectomized male mice, while group 2 (control) consisted of 15 females mated with 5 vasectomized males. Cases were sacrificed and assessed after 36 hr and the endometrial tissue was extracted and kept at -80°C until the next use. The expression of the endometrial receptivity pathway genes, including VEGF, HBEGF, FGF2, EGF, LIF, LIFR, HOXA10, MUC1, PGR, and CSF, was examined in both groups. For statistical analysis, an independent samples test (Mean ± SD) was used.
Results: The mRNA levels of LIF (p = 0.045), LIFR (p = 0.040), MUC1 (p = 0.032), VEGF (p = 0.022), EFG (p = 0.035), and FGF2 (p = 0.040) were significantly upregulated in the case group compared with the control group.
Conclusion: Finally, seminal plasma was observed to be effective in expressing the involved genes in the successful implantation pathway, including LIF, LIFR, MUC1, VEGF, EGF, and FGF2.
Key words: Endometrial receptivity, Sperm, Gene expression, Mice.
Association of BsmI variant of vitamin D receptor gene with polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study
Authors: Ramezani Nasim , Ostadsharif Maryam , Nayeri Hashem
Published: October 2020

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects women’s fertility and causes alterations such as obesity, insulin resistance, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic ovaries. The results of the studies show that the issue of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) is controversial for PCOS susceptibility.
Objective: To investigate the association of BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene with metabolic parameters in obese PCOS women.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 38 obese subjects with PCOS and 40 unrelated obese individuals were evaluated to determine the allelic and genotypic frequency of BsmI variant by Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method. Body Mass Index, parathyroid hormone, phosphorus, and calcium were evaluated in all participants.
Results: BsmI (rs1544410), (A/G) AA, AG, GG, A, and G percentage of genotypic/allelic frequencies were 65.8, 26.3, 7.9, 78.9, and 21.1 in cases and 57.5, 40, 2.5, 77.5, and 22.5 in controls, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that the differences in genotypic (p = 0.31)/allelic (p = 0.83) frequencies and dominant (p = 0.45)/recessive (p = 0.35) models between the cases and controls were not significant. This study indicates no association between the BsmI genotypes and metabolic parameters.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that VDR BsmI (rs1544410) Intron 8 (A > G) was not associated with obesity along with PCOS susceptibility in the studied groups.
Key words: Vitamin D receptor, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Genetic association study.
Comparison of chromosomal instability of human amniocytes in primary and long-term cultures in AmnioMAX II and DMEM media: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hoseini Seyed Mehdi , Montazeri Fateme , Moghaddam-Matin Maryam , Bahrami Ahmad Reza , Meimandi Hassan Heidarian , Ghasemi-Esmailabad Saeed , Kalantar Seyed Mehdi
Published: October 2020

Background: The genomic stability of stem cells to be used in cell therapy and other clinical applications is absolutely critical. In this regard, the relationship between in vitro expansion and the chromosomal instability (CIN), especially in human amniotic fluid cells (hAFCs) has not yet been completely elucidated.
Objective: To investigate the CIN of hAFCs in primary and long-term cultures and two different culture mediums.
Materials and Methods: After completing prenatal genetic diagnoses (PND) using karyotype technique and chromosomal analysis, a total of 15 samples of hAFCs from 650 samples were randomly selected and cultured in two different mediums as AmnioMAX II and DMEM. Then, proliferative cells were fixed on the slide to be used in standard chromosome G-banding analysis. Also, the senescent cells were screened for aneuploidy considering 8 chromosomes by FISH technique using two probe sets including PID I (X-13-18-21) & PID II (Y-15-16-22).
Results: Karyotype and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) results from 650 patients who were referred for prenatal genetic diagnosis showed that only 6 out of them had culture- derived CIN as polyploidy, including mosaic diploidtriploid and diploid-tetraploid. Moreover, the investigation of aneuploidies in senesced hAFCs demonstrated the rate of total chromosomal abnormalities as 4.3% and 9.9% in AmnioMAX- and DMEM-cultured hAFCs, respectively.
Conclusion: hAFCs showed a low rate of CIN in two AmnioMAX II and DMEM mediums and also in the proliferative and senescent phases. Therefore, they could be considered as an attractive stem cell source with therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine.
Key words: Human amniotic fluid cells, Chromosomal instability, Pseudomosaicism, Amniocentesis, Replicative senescence.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with liver disease: Is pregnancy safe? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shekarriz-Foumani Reza , Yassaee Fakhrolmolouk , Tarokh Sara , Taheri Mahbobeh
Published: October 2020

Background: There is evidence suggesting that the pregnancy outcome may be affected by some medical conditions, such as liver diseases.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of liver disease and its outcomes in pregnant women referred to antenatal clinic in the hospital.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all pregnant women with abnormal liver function test attending antenatal clinic affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were recruited from August 2017 to July 2018. All participants were followed-up until delivery with respect to the maternal and neonatal outcome.
Results: Of a total of 7,121 pregnant women recruited in the study, 110 (1.58%) women were detected with a liver disease; of these, 105 women were diagnosed with pregnancy-specific liver diseases, including HELLP syndrome (10.9%), preeclampsia (50.98%), partial HELLP (0.9%), eclampsia (0.9%), acute fatty liver (9.1%), intra-hepatic cholestasis 25 (22.7%), and 5 women the non-pregnancy-specific liver disease, including Liver transplantation (2.7%), and Autoimmune hepatitis (1.8%). Prevalence of the premature birth was 64.5% in pregnancy-specific liver disease, but no premature birth was detected in cases with liver transplantation. We found that neonatal mortality was significantly associated with neonatal prematurity (p = 0.013), IUGR (p < 0.001), placental pathology (p = 0.04), we had no maternal mortality.
Conclusion: Liver disease is not uncommon in pregnancy. This study demonstrated that pregnancy is safe in women with liver disease.
Key words: Liver diseases, Maternal, Outcome, Neonatal, Pregnancy.
Client Satisfaction with Public Housing Maintenance Contractors: A Case Study of Nairobi City County
Authors: M. W. Muthoga,
Published: October 2020

Coupled with the challenge of housing shortage in view of the growing urban population in Nairobi City County currently at 4.4 Million, the public housing sector is faced with deteriorating quality housing particularly for the low income residents and Public residential units, characterized by a poor state of maintenance. The foregoing points to an infringement of the right of access to adequate and decent housing as a basic right for every Kenyan as entrenched in the bill of rights in the constitution of Kenya, 2010. In an effort to transform the foregoing scenario, the County Government of Nairobi, through its Urban Renewal, Housing and Projects Management sector procures maintenance and other technical services from private sector contractors for renovation of old NCCG housing units and public housing amenities including water and sanitation, among other services. It however remains unexplored in the Kenyan body of knowledge, the extent to which NCCG is satisfied with the maintenance services by private contractors. Against this backdrop, the study set out to assess client satisfaction with public housing maintenance contractors with reference to Nairobi City County. The study adopted the descriptive study design, sampling 43 staff from NCCG’s, Urban Renewal, Housing and Projects Management sector. data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicate that the maintenance strategy adopted has a significant effect (β=.332, P value=.050=.05) on client satisfaction with service delivery by public housing maintenance contractors. The study however found that the procurement method adopted does not have a significant effect (β=.078, P value=.639>.05) on client satisfaction with service delivery by public housing maintenance contractors. The study recommends a combination of preventive, predictive and condition-based maintenance as they assure the longevity of public houses and avoidance of longer term costly and frequent renovations.
Assessing Open Source Software Success in Learning Management Systems Context in Jordan: Applied Of an Integration of Technology Acceptance Model and Information Systems Success
Authors: Alhanatleh Hasan
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of this study is to depend on an integration of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Information Systems Success (ISS) model that was altered to define the success variables of Open Source Software (OOS) based on Open-EMIS system that attaches to Education Ministry of Jordan by employees. The methodology of current study was built on quantitative approach with two waves of data collection (Pre and post- test). For test hypotheses purposes, the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was applied. Moreover, the added value of this research is to meet the poverty in literature engaged with OOS. It is also contributed at exploring how the Education Ministry of Jordan can reap benefits from Open-EMIS usage. The study disclosed perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, service quality, system quality, information quality, user satisfaction and intention to use as important variables for influencing Open-EMIS usage; as important finding, the relationships between the variables in pre and post-phases do not differ significantly. Finally, the future work in OOS area is recommended to be conducted.
A Guide to Implementing an In-House Incident Reporting System in Outdoor Recreation and Education
Authors: Rabinowitz Erik , Bartram Christopher
Published: October 2020

This article will explain prioritized steps on how to create a reporting system for the outdoor recreation organization, including the components to incorporate an effective risk management reporting system. Research reports that the majority (91%) of outdoor programs are using paper forms to report incidents and that 26% of programs do not record near misses at all (Bartram & Rabinowitz, 2018). These steps were designed collaboratively and incorporate perspectives from program management and literature. This outline may assist those seeking to further enhance their incident reporting system and improve organizational incident reporting practices.