bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of DNA in forensic science: A comprehensive review
Authors: Alketbi Salem K
Published: August 2023

Forensic genetics, leveraging molecular tools and scientific applications, has witnessed significant advancements in DNA analysis over the last three decades. These progressions have enhanced the discrimination power, speed, and sensitivity of DNA profiling methods, enabling the analysis of challenging samples. This article explores the significance of forensic genetics in criminal investigations, traces the historical evolution of DNA analysis techniques, and presents recent developments in the field. The article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the crucial role of forensic genetics in criminal investigations and sheds light on the latest trends and breakthroughs in this area. The evolution of DNA typing from ABO blood typing to the current standard of short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is discussed, along with alternative DNA analysis methods, such as Y-chromosome analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing. Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) represents a groundbreaking advancement, enabling whole genome sequencing and addressing complex cases. The article also covers recent innovations, including DNA methylation analysis, body fluid identification, forensic DNA phenotyping, and genetic genealogy, highlighting their potential benefits in forensic investigations. Despite these advancements, standard STR profiling remains the gold standard due to its established protocols and databases. Ethical considerations regarding data privacy and cost implications are crucial as these technologies continue to progress in their pursuit of justice.
EFEKTIVITAS ALAT PEMANGGIL IKAN BERBASIS GELOMBANG BUNYI PADA JARING INSANG PERMUKAAN YANG DIOPERASIKAN PADA WAKTU BERBEDA DI PERAIRAN KENJERAN SURABAYA
Authors: Prihangga Dyka , Subagio Hari , Rosana Nurul , Arief Sofijanto Mochamad
Published: August 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia dengan luas wilayah laut yang dapat dikelola sebesar 5,8 juta km2 yang memiliki keanekaragaman sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan yang sangat besar. Di kota Surabaya, jumlah nelayan yang mewakili perikanan tangkap memiliki jumlah jauh diatas angka 2000. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perikanan tangkap memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai sumber mata pencaharian penduduk Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas alat pemanggil ikan berbasis gelombang bunyi pada jaring insang permukaan yang dioperasikan pada waktu berbeda. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kunatitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari 2 perlakuan dan 16 ulangan. Analisa data dilakukan dengan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas kemudian dilanjut uji T. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa efektivitas alat pemanggil ikan berbasis gelombang bunyi pada jaring insang permukaan yang dioperasikan pada waktu berbeda terbaik didapat pada pagi hari dengan nilai sebesar 1,099 gram. Sehingga hasil tangkapan terbaik didapat pada pagi hari, yakni sebesar 1,099 gram. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut disarankan agar pengoperasian jaring insang yang dilengkapi dengan alat pemanggil ikan berbasis gelombang bunyi, dilaksanakan pada pagi hari saat suhu air masih rendah.
Comparison of Systemic Extended-release Buprenorphine and Local Extended-release Bupivacaine-Meloxicam as Analgesics for Laparotomy in Mice
Authors: Yang Peggy , Hish Gerry , Lester Patrick A
Published: August 2023

Extended-release (ER) local anesthetics can be used in multi-modal analgesia or in situations in which systemic analgesics may alter animal physiology and thus introduce interpretational confounds. In this study, we compared the analgesic efficacy of an ER buprenorphine formulation
with that of a synergistic combination of ER bupivacaine and meloxicam. Female and male CD1 mice were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous buprenorphine (3.25mg/kg) preemptively, subcutaneous infiltration of bupivacaine???meloxicam (0.03mL at incision closure (bupivacaine, 35mg/kg;
meloxicam, 1mg/kg), or saline (10mL/kg SC) after induction of anesthesia. After laparotomy, mice were assessed for changes in daily body weight, rearing frequency, nest consolidation scores, time-to-integrate-nest test (TINT), and response to von Frey testing at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72h
after surgery. Daily weight, nest consolidation scores and rearing frequency were not significantly different among the 3 groups. TINT had fallen significantly response at 24 and 48h after injection in the ER buprenorphine group as compared with the saline and ER bupivacaine-meloxicam groups.
Nociceptive thresholds, as assessed with von Frey testing, differed between saline controls and both analgesic groups at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery. None of the mice in the bupivacaine???meloxicam group developed signs of neurotoxicity, a potential side effect of high-dose local
anesthetics. This study demonstrates that local ER bupivacaine???meloxicam may be a useful alternative to systemic, ER buprenorphine for the relief of pain after laparotomy in mice.
Safety Study of an Original Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome-Based Medicinal Product for Spermatogenesis Restoration
Authors: Monakova A. O. , Sagaradze G. D. , Balabanyan V. Yu. , Basalova N. A. , Matichina A. A. , Matichin A. A. , Kryshen K. L. , Popov V. S. , Akopyan Zh. A. , Efimenko A. Yu.
Published: August 2023

SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. Currently, there are no effective and safe medicinal products for idiopathic male infertility. Previous studies in two animal models of infertility (short-term cryptorchidism in rats and doxorubicin-induced testicular injury in mice) have shown the effectiveness of an originator medicinal product based on the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome.

AIM. The aim of the study was to evaluate the toxicity profile of the MSC secretome-based medicinal product in rats after local intratesticular or intramuscular administration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The MSC secretome is a combination of factors secreted by MSCs in low-glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM-LG) for MSC conditioning. In the single-dose toxicity study, the MSC secretome-based medicinal product was injected under the testicular tunica albuginea of male Wistar rats (15 per group) at doses of 15 and 25 relative units (RU) per animal, which are 1.5 and 2.5 times higher than the therapeutic dose (10 RU). In the repeat-dose toxicity study, male Wistar rats (10 per group) received intramuscular thigh injections of the medicinal product on days 1, 6, and 12 at doses of 15 and 25 RU per animal. The local tolerance study involved histopathological examination of the testes and thighs at the injection site. All studies included control groups of intact animals and animals similarly injected with blank DMEM-LG. The early follow-up period was 14 days, and the late follow-up period was 42 days.

RESULTS. The rats showed no changes in the general condition after single and repeated doses of the MSC secretome-based medicinal product. Single subtunical doses induced moderate irritation; its signs included pathological changes in individual seminiferous tubules: epithelial atrophy (70% of the animals on day 14; 55% at late follow-up) and sperm stasis (70% of the animals). Similar changes were observed in the blank DMEM-LG group (up to 80% of the animals). There were no pathological changes in the tissues after repeated injections. A transient increase in alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in animals after their third intramuscular injection at a dose of 25 RU; the other biochemical parameters were normal in all study groups.

CONCLUSIONS. The MSC secretome-based medicinal product has a favourable safety profile following both intratesticular and intramuscular administration, as it does not cause any permanent changes in the studied organs and tissues.
Concentración y competencia en el mercado guatemalteco de medicamentos
Authors: Díaz Castellanos Guillermo Osvaldo
Published: August 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es cuantificar el nivel de concentración y la estructura del mercado guatemalteco de medicamentos. Para el efecto, se calculan los índices de concentración C4, de Herfindahl-Hirschman y de Dominancia, que son los más utilizados en este tipo de estudios, en el mercado de farmacias y de algunos productos. Los resultados revelan que se trata de un mercado de alta concentración, con firma dominante y baja rivalidad de las empresas para competir en precios.
Yeni Medya Çağında Dijital Göçebelik: 21. Yüzyılın Gezginleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: İLİ Burak , BÜYÜKBAYKAL Güven Necati
Published: August 2023

Geleneksel iş modellerini ve yerleşik hayatı reddederek zamandan ve mekândan bağımsız hareket eden dijital göçebeler, yeni yerler, kültürler ve insanlar tanıma amacıyla sık seyahat eden ve tüm işlerini dijital olarak yürüten bireylerdir. Mevcut araştırma kapsamında dijital göçebe kavramına yönelik detaylı bir literatür incelemesi gerçekleştirilmiş ve araştırmaların sınırlı bir çerçevede ele alındıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı günümüzde giderek sayıları artan dijital göçebelere yönelik eğilimleri keşfetmenin yanı sıra topluluğun günümüz ve gelecekteki önemini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın önemini ise dijital göçebe olma motivasyonları, destinasyon tercih kriterleri, dijital göçebe olmanın avantajlı ve dezavantajları durumları ve dijital göçebelerin yeni medya ile etkileşimleri gibi farklı açılardan topluluğa dair eğilimleri keşfetmesi yönüyle alana özgün katkı sunması oluşturmaktadır. Nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı-yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme ve içerik analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, nitel analiz yazılım programlarından biri olan MAXQDA aracılığıyla analize tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgulara göre katılımcıların dijital göçebe kavramını zamansal, mekânsal ve finansal açıdan özgürlük olarak tanımladıkları ve dijital göçebeliğin ancak sürdürülebilir bir iş modeli ile uzun vadeli olabileceği gibi sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.
تأثير تمرينات مركبة بأدوات مطاطية على التوافق الحركي والرشاقة وبعض المهارات الهجومية لمبارزي سلاح الشيش فئة الناشئين
Authors: هادي حماد صلاح , Jejan Sabar Hasan , Mohammed Saad Haneen
Published: August 2023

بسبب طبيعة لعبة المبارزة عموما وسلاح الشيش خصوصا وما يمتاز به من كثرة مواقف اللعب وترابطها ، وعملية التحول من مواقفها الدفاعية الى الهجومية وبالعكس في ثواني معدودة ، مما يتطلب من المتعلمين ان يمتلكوا الكم الكافي من القدرات الحركية والمهارية لتؤهلهم للقيام بالواجبات الخطيطة اثناء المباريات بشكل صحيح. ويهدف البحث الى اعداد تمرينات مركبة بالأدوات المطاطية على بعض القدرات الحركية والمهارات الهجومية في سلاح شيش المبارزة ومعرفة اثر التمرينات المركبة بالأدوات المطاطية على التوفق والرشاقة وبعض والمهارات الهجومية. وقد طبق المنهاج على افراد العينة على مدار (12) اسبوعا ، بواقع وحدة واحدة في كل اسبوع، باستخدام المنهج التجريبي ذو الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي، بعد ان اجريت الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية اظهرت النتائج تطورا في جميع متغيرات الدراسة ، والذي يرجع الى نوعية التمارين المطبقة وجودتها، ومن خلال ما ذكر اعلاه يوصي الباحثون بالاهتمام بمثل تلك التمارين التي تعتمد على الشمولية والدقة في الاعداد والربط بين قدراتها (العقلية ، الحركية ، المهارية) مما تشكل سلسلة حركية مترابطة.
علاقة مستوى الذكاء الاجتماعي بالسمات الشخصية لطلاب المرحلة الرابعة بكرة القدم
Authors: Muhannad Marwa
Published: August 2023

إن تطور التربية الرياضية في أي بلد يعتمد أولا وأخيرا على التخطيط العلمي الذي 

يستخدم العلوم والمعارف بوعي كامل لإرساء مقومات البناء الرياضي وتقدمه على اسس  قوية وصلبة ، ومن أهم هذه العلوم الأساسية (علم النفس الرياضي) تكمن مشكلة البحث الحالي في الاجابة عن السؤال الاتي "هل هناك علاقة بين الذكاء الاجتماعي بالسمات الشخصية لدى طلبة مرحلة الرابعة ويهدف البحث الى التعرف على الذكاء الاجتماعي و السمات الشخصية لدى طلبة المرحلة الرابعة  والتعرف على العلاقة بين الذكاء الاجتماعي والسمات الشخصيه وفرض الباحث بانه توجد علاقة ارتباط ذات دلاله احصائية بين الذكاء الاجتماعي والسمات الشخصية. واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي لملائمته عينة البحث واستخدم الباحث مقياس الذكاء الاجتماعي ومقياس السمات الشخصية واستنتج الباحث  هنالك ارتباط معنوي لعينة البحث بيــــــن,الذكاء,الاجتمــــاعي والــــسمات الشخصيه (العصبيه –العدوانية –القابلية للاستثاره-الاجتماع-الهدوء-السيطرة-الكف) رلا ويوصي الباحث ضرورة الاهتمام بالسمات الشخصية لما لها دور مهم في التعامل مع الاخرين التأكيد على اهمية الذكاء الاجتماعي من خلال توجيه الاساتذه لطلبة وكيفية استخدام هذا الذكاء على المنهج الاجتماعي .

الكلمات المفتاحيه :الذكاء الاجتماعي ,السمات الشخصية ,كرة القدم .
أثر استخدام استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات في تعيلم بعض اشكال التصويب في كرة اليد للناشئين
Authors: البدري اسراء فاضل حسن , الوزان حسين فايق عزيز , العادلي حيدر عبد الكاظم خضير
Published: August 2023

تعد مهارة التصويب من المهارات الأساسية المهمة في كرة اليد ، إذ يتوقف نجاح هذه المهارة على إمكانيات بدنية وفكرية يجب أن تتمتع بها اللاعب حتى يتسنى له تعلمهما وإتقانهما وتحقيق الهدف المطلوب من المهارة ، وأن هذه الإمكانيات تحتاج إلى استراتيجيات تعليمية تسهم في عملية التعلم وإتقان هذه المهارة بالشكل الصحيح ، هدف البحث الى التعرف على تأثير استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات في تعليم بعض اشكال التصويب في كرة اليد للمجموعتين الضابطة والتجريبية. والتعرف على الفروق في التأثير لاستراتيجية معالجة المعلومات في تعلم بعض اشكال التصويب في كرة اليد للمجموعتين, استخدم الباحثون المنهج التجريبي ذو المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة وتمثل مجتمع البحث بلاعبي المركز الوطني لرعاية الموهبة الرياضية بكرة اليد في محافظة بغداد والبالغ عددهم (40) لاعب من فئة الناشئين حيث تم تقسيم العينة الى مجموعتين المجموعة الضابطة عددهم (20) لاعب والمجموعة التجريبية (20) لاعب، واستنتج الباحثون إن لاستراتيجية معالجة المعلومات تأثيرها الإيجابي على تنمية بعض المهارات في كرة اليد لدى المجموعة التجريبية. وإن استخدام استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات قد وفرت المزيد من الوقت الذي يمكن الإفادة منه في تحقيق أهداف الدرس من دون الحرج في الوقت الذي يمكن استغلاله في التصحيح والتكرار أكثر، واوصى الباحثون اعتماد استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات التي استخدمها الباحثين لما أظهرته من نتائج إيجابية في نتائج البحث. التنويع في استخدام التمارين وعدم الاعتماد على التمارين الروتينية التي تلقي بظلال الملل على اللاعبين مما يؤدي إلى عدم الاندفاع للأداء وتطوير المهارات.
تقييم بعض المؤشرات البيوميكانيكية لأداء الارسال الساحق للاعبين المحليين واللاعبين المحترفين بالكرة الطائرة في الدوري الممتاز
Authors: حنيحن حسن عبدالله
Published: August 2023

تجلت أهمية البحث الى دراسة تقييم المؤشرات الميكانيكية  لما لها من تأثير ايجابي كبير في تنفيذ اداء الارسال الساحق للاعبين الدوري الممتاز للوصول الى معلومات دقيقه حول المؤشرات الميكانيكية من خلال الاداء الجيد وفق للمؤشرات البيوميكانيكية .
   وهدف البحث الى التعرف على الفروق بين قيم بعض المؤشرات البيوميكانيكية لمهارة الارسال الساحق بالكرة الطائرة بين للاعبين المحليين واللاعبين المحترفين في اندية الدوري الممتاز  والتعرف على العلاقة بين بعض المؤشرات البيوميكانيكية ودقة اداء الارسال الساحق بالكرة الطائرة بين اللاعبين المحليين والمحترفين في اندية الدوري العراقي الممتاز .
   استعمل الباحث المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المقارن والعلاقات الارتباطية ، وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث والمتمثل بلاعبي الدوري الممتاز بالكرة الطائرة للموسم ( 2022-2023) , والبالغ عددهم (56)لاعباً ، وتم اختيار (14) لاعباً منهم ليمثلوا عينة البحث ، وتم تقسيمهم الى مجموعتين وبواقع (8) لاعبين محليين و(6)لاعبين محترفين لكل مجموعة وقد اعتمد الباحث الطريقة العمدية وهم لاعبو غاز الجنوب والشرطة واربيل والبيشمركة، وقد شكلت العينة نسبة (21,42%) من المجتمع الأصلي.
   أما اهم الاستنتاجات ان قيم مؤشر الزخم والطاقة الحركية المتحققة لدى اللاعبين المحترفين تعود الى  مؤشر الكتلة والسرعة حيث ان قيم الكتلة والسرعة لدى اللاعبين المحترفين كانت اعلى من اللاعبين المحليين في مهارة الارسال الساحق
   اما التوصيات ضرورة التأكيد من قبل المدربين على تطوير قيم المؤشرات البيوميكانيكية لمهارة الارسال الساحق للاعبين المحليين والتي اظهرت انخفاضا واضحا في كافة المؤشرات البيوميكانيكية مقارنة باللاعبين المحترفين .
فـــاعِـــلــية إستــراتـــيــجــية (SHOR) بِتَــنمِــية الصمُود النَفسي وتَــعَــلُم مَهـــارتـــــي الضَــرب الساحِـــق الســرّيــع والمُـــتــوســِط بالـكُـــرة الـــطــائــــرة للـصـــف الخــامِــس تـطـبيقي
Authors: العاني موسى
Published: August 2023

كان هدفا البحث التعرف على فـــاعِـــلــية إستــراتـــيــجــية (SHOR) بِتَــنمِــية الصمُود النَفسي وتَــعَــلُم مَهـــارتـــــي الضــرب الساحِـــــق السرّيع والمُـــتــوســط بالـكُـــرة الطــائــرة للـصــف الخــامِــس تـطـبيقي والتعرف على لمن الأفضلية (لإستــراتـــيــجــية SHOR أم للإستراتيجية التي يتبعها مُدرس المادة) بمتغيرات الدراسة الحالية, طُبِق بهذا البحـث منهجاً تجريبياً لملاءمته طبيعة المُشكلـة أما عينته فشملت طلاب صف خامس تطبيقي بمدرسة إعـدادية عـانــه للبنيــن للسنة الدراسية (2022_ 2023) وبلغ عددهم (50) طالباً, قُسِموا لمجموعتيــن ضابــطه تمثلت بالشعبة (أ) وتجــريبيــه تمثلت بالشعبة (ب), وتتألف المجمـوعة الواحــدة من (25) طالب, أُجــري لهما إخــتباراً قــبلياً بمقياس الصمُود النَفسي ومَهـــارتـــي الضــرب الساحِـــق الســرّيــع والمُـــتــوســط, وبعدها نَفَذَت الشعبة (ب) متغيرها المُستَقِل (إستراتيجية SHOR), فيما نفذت الشعبة (أ) الاستراتيجية الخاصة لمُدرس المادة, وطُبِق منهجاً تعليمياً إستمرَ لثمانيه أسابيع وبواقع وحدتان إسبوعياً وكانت مدة الوحدة أربعين دقيقة, وقد أًخذ الباحِث بِنَظر الاعتبار تدرج تمريناته أثناء وحداته التعليمية من السهل الى الصعب, وعالج الباحث نتائج دراسته من خلال الـــــ (spss), وتم إستنتاج أن إستـــــراتيجيتي مُــدرس الـمــاده و(SHOR) كانت فعالة بتعلم مهارات البحث وبالنسب ٍالمتباينة, وإنَّ استراتيجية (SHOR) جذبت إنتباه الطلبة وزادت من شوقهم لدرس التربية الرياضية كما ساهمت بظهور سلوك مرغوب به عند الطالب كالتفاعل النشط والمناقشة وحرية التعبير, ومن توصيات الباحث استخدام إستــراتـــيــجــية (SHOR) بعملية التدريس لدورها في ممارسة العمليات العقلية المتنوعة وضرورة الاهتمام بمشاركة الطالب بعملية التعلم وإعطائه حرية التعبير عن رأيه دون فرض قيد يعيق تعلمه.
DNAJC5 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5, encoded by DNAJC5, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. DNAJC5 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of DNAJC5 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall survival. Modulation of DNAJC5 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Fostering Creativity: Unveiling Kanazawa's Brand as a Creative City
Authors: Prayudi  , Ardhanariswari Kartika Ayu , Probosari Ninik
Published: August 2023

The concept of creative cities has gained prominence as urban centers strive to harness cultural heritage and innovation for economic and social growth. This study critically analyzes the branding of Kanazawa as a creative city, exploring the intricate interplay between preserving its historical traditions and fostering a modern, innovative identity. Drawing on a multi-dimensional approach, this research qualitatively examines the challenges and opportunities inherent in branding Kanazawa as a dynamic hub of creativity. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and empirical insights, the study delves into the complexities of branding strategies, investigating how Kanazawa's rich cultural heritage, including traditional crafts and historical landmarks, contributes to its creative identity. The analysis explores the significance of positioning the city as an artistic nucleus while ensuring that embracing contemporary creative expressions remains central to its branding narrative. Furthermore, this research critically addresses the potential gentrification effect of heightened creative branding. The study examines strategies to mitigate displacement and ensure inclusive growth that benefits local communities. In conclusion, this research comprehensively explores branding Kanazawa as a creative city, highlighting the intricacies of balancing tradition and innovation. By addressing these complexities, Kanazawa can harness its unique attributes to establish a genuinely impactful and enduring creative city brand.
Is Flexibility–Stability Independence Illusory?: Evaluating the Efficient Frontier Argument
Authors: Nack Corey
Published: August 2023

Traditionally, states of cognitive flexibility and stability are considered opposing endpoints on a single spectrum. Accordingly, higher flexibility must come at the cost of lower stability, and vice versa, leading to a metacontrol dilemma regarding the optimal balance for given situations. Recent findings, however, have indicated it is possible for flexibility and stability to vary independently. Yet, flexibility–stability independence remains contested, with alternative explanations for putative independence. Here, I propose and evaluate one such alternative explanation: Independence only appears for easy tasks, and disappears once participants are challenged up to their “efficient frontier” of maximum flexibility and stability exertion. To evaluate this efficient frontier argument against flexibility–stability independence, I employed a standard cued-task switching paradigm and manipulated flexibility via list-switch probabilities and examined the consequences for stability. I examined whether purported flexibility–stability independence was systematically related to overall task performance. Results indicated no such relationship; the findings indicate the efficient frontier argument is not sufficient to counter claims of flexibility–stability independence.
Empathic Conservatives and Moralizing Liberals: Political Intergroup Empathy Varies by Political Ideology and is Explained by Moral Judgment
Authors: Casey James Padraic , Vanman Eric John , Barlow Fiona
Published: August 2023

Empathy has the potential to bridge political divides. Here, we examine barriers to cross-party empathy and explore when and why these differ for liberals and conservatives. In four studies, U.S. and U.K. participants (Total N = 4,737) read hypothetical scenarios and extended less empathy to suffering political opponents than allies or neutral targets. These effects were strongly shown by liberals but were weaker among conservatives, such that conservatives consistently showed more empathy to liberals than liberals showed to conservatives. This asymmetry was partly explained by liberals’ harsher moral judgments of outgroup members (Studies 1-4) and the fact that liberals saw conservatives as more harmful than conservatives saw liberals (Studies 3-4). The asymmetry persisted across changes in the U.S. government and was not explained by perceptions of political power (Studies 3 and 4). Implications and future directions are discussed.
Ageing and Unruliness: Articulations of gaga feminism in representations of ageing, gender and sexuality
Authors: De Vuyst Sara , De Graeve Katrien
Published: August 2023

In prevailing Western media discourses, older women’s anger and resistance are often portrayed as a result of the physical and mental decline inherently associated with ageing. These representations reinforce the image of older women as vulnerable subjects who are weak, frail and excluded from society. This article proposes an alternative reading of expressions of unruliness related to ageing, gender and sexuality in Western media and visual culture through the lens of Halberstam’s concept of gaga feminism. The aim is to explore how gaga feminism’s aesthetics of collapse, creative anarchy and experimentation can construct new constellations of ageing, sexuality and gender. We have conducted a critical, contextualised reading of a selection of cultural artefacts that express various elements of a gaga aesthetic. Our analysis reflects on the three central principles of gaga, specifically (1) new forms of social relations and sexualities, (2) more fluid articulations of gender and (3) creative anarchy; and on what they can mean for an anti-ageist project in media and visual culture. In this way, this article offers insights into the creative and unruly ways in which ageism, heteronormativity and sexism can be subverted and destabilised in representations.
Analisis Kebocoran Boiler Pipe Akibat Korosi pada Recovery Boiler 5 PT. ABC.
Authors: Abdurrahman Ridwan , Masnur Dedy , Rahman Abdul
Published: August 2023

Boiler is one component that is widely used in the energy generation industry and reactors. One of the main components of the boiler is the boiler pipe. In field activities, there was a leak in the boiler pipe which experienced corrosion and erosion of the walls of the pipe. This condition results in a decrease in power and capacity in the boiler. The purpose of this practical work is to observe the causes of damage to the boiler pipe, and provide recommendations for prevention due to damage to the boiler pipe. The methods used are: literature study, observation, interviews, and measurement. The results obtained: (1) The calculation results show that the value of the Reynolds number obtained is 16,032,025.86 (Re>4000, turbulent flow). (2) The cause of corrosion on the boiler pipe is due to liquid droplet impingment which is accompanied by an increase in flow velocity and the occurrence of two phases (steam and water) thereby accelerating depletion in the boiler.
Assessments of an Innovative Fertilizer Management Tool (Nutrient Expert®) for Improved Nutrient Management of Spring Maize at Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Command Area of Tikapur, Kailali
Authors: Amgain Lal P. , Pandey Prem , Neupane Sushil , Bhattarai Basanta Raj , Mahatra Jay B.
Published: August 2023

A multi-locational field trials were assessed to know the innovative fertilizer management tool (Nutrient Expert®) for improved nutrient management of Spring Maize in Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Project Command Area (RJKIPCA) of Tikapur, Kailali during spring season of 2021. The layout and planting of Spring Maize for NE® - Hybrid Maize model for 42 farmers’ fields (Tikapur-18, Janaki-18 and Lamkichuha-6)], and Nutrient Omission Plot Technique (NOPT) maize trials for 21 farmers’ fields (Tikapur-9, Janaki-9 and Lamkichuha-3) were grown using baby trail/ diamond trials in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) considering farmers as replications. Data recording, tabulation, and analysis and interpretation of the data was performed by using ANOVA through the use of R Stat-software. Data analysis was also done for the yield gap analysis using percentage change in yield of Spring Maize over the location due to changes in crop cultivars and NOPT. The experimental results highlighted that most of the soils in the project site were deficit in N followed by K, with the minimum yield loss due to omission of P. The treatment; farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP) with their own cultivar has shown more decreasing trend in Spring Maize yields and it was more prominently seen within the farmers growing hybrid maize than the open pollinated variety (OPV). With huge percentage of yield gaps in Spring Maize denoted that the soil of Janaki and Tikapur were found to be more prone to N and K nutrients deficient than the soils of Lamkichuha. NE®- Hybrid Maize model has fairly predicted the Spring Maize yields and predicted the sound results on profitability with assured actual attainable yield over the FFP. Therefore, NE-model for Spring Maize is suggested to adopt as a recommended decision support system (DSS) tool in the project command areas of RJKIPCA, Tikapur, Kailali.
Plastic: A Boon but Also a Curse to the Environment
Authors: Panthi B. , Koirala I. , Panthi N.
Published: August 2023

Besides being a significant part of our daily lives, plastic has a detrimental negative environmental impact thanks to its non-degradable nature. The dependency and impacts of plastics have been carefully analyzed in order to investigate their effects on the environment. The paper studies large scale production, use and the impacts of plastics on the environment. Investigation on the ways plastics affect soil, atmosphere, water and health of living being have been done. Similarly, the statistical data about their use and effects have been presented and future projections have been made.
Removal of zinc oxide with high content of chlorides derived from steel mill electric arc furnace dust
Authors:   Institute for Technology of Radioactive and Rare Elements, Tran Ngoc Vuong , Pham Minh Tuan ,   Institute for Technology of Radioactive and Rare Elements, Vu Duy Hung ,   Institute for Technology of Radioactive and Rare Elements, Nguyen Dinh Dang ,   Institute for Technology of Radioactive and Rare Elements, Nguyen Tien Tung ,   Institute for Technology of Radioactive and Rare Elements, Tran Dai An ,   Nam Dinh Pedagogical College
Published: August 2023

This article presents the investigation results of the chloride removal process in high chloride content zinc oxide (ZnO) derived from steel mill electronic arc furnace dust (EAFD) by oxidation-reduction method. The raw material sample is ZnO with a content of Zn 53%, Pb 12%, and Cl 5.2%. The factors affecting the chloride removal efficiency such as pH, solid/liquid ratio, temperature, and reaction time were investigated. The obtained results showed that the chloride removal efficiency reached up to 96% under the following conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 1/10, pH 12, temperature 80oC, and reaction time of 120 mins. The washed ZnO has a zinc content of 55% and the chloride content is reduced to 0.2% by weight. The ZnO raw material, after removing chloride by this method, meets the required standards for the preparation of electrolytes for zinc electrowinning in an alkaline medium to recover metallic zinc powder.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of nano berberine adsorbed bacterial cellulose material
Authors:   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Nguyen Huu Tuyen , Lam Hoang Anh Thu ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Ngo Hong Loan ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Phan Thi Kim Ngan ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Hoang Thuy Duong ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Pham Tien Dung ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Nguyen Dong Thuc ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories, Nguyen Kim Thanh Kieu ,   Nong Lam University Ho Chi Minh City, Pham Thanh Hong ,   Van Lang University, Ngo Vo Ke Thanh ,   Saigon High-Tech Park Research Laboratories
Published: August 2023

Berberine can be considered a natural antibiotic plant with strong antibacterial and antifungal activities. The pr oblem of bioavailability and poor solubility can be overcome by formulating berberine at nanoparticles, which opens up a vast range of applications. In this study, berberine nanoparticles (BerNPs) were adsorbed on bacterial cellulose forming a composite with the potential for antibacterial material. The pr operties of BerNPs and before and after BerNPs adsorption were analysed by FE-SEM, XRD, and FT-IR methods. The antibacterial activity of BerNPs and its composite was examined invitro by the co-culture method with Escherichiacoli and Streptococcus pyogenes. The results indicated that BerNPs exhibited gr eat antibacterial pr operties against E. coliand S. pyogenes. The optimum capacity of loading BerNPs (50-60 nm) above the biological cellulose was after 2 hours of soaking. The against E. coli and S. pyogenes was over 80%.
Students' Perceptions of Professional Short-Messaging Education in Undergraduate Courses
Authors:   Texas State University, Frei Seth , Alford Allison ,   Baylor University, Smith Ashly
Published: August 2023

The popularity of short-messaging formats, like text and chat, is on the rise in the workplace with many employees preferring this style over long-form options like email. While many businesses expect employees to communicate using short messages, students may be ill-equipped to effectively use these methods due to a lack of formal training. This study sets out to understand students’ experience, confidence, and education related to professional short messaging. Results indicate a correlation between confidence and experience levels in writing text and chat messages. Further, the participants who indicated they had training on writing short messages, indicated they learned it in a business communication class. Thus, this study highlights a need for education on short messaging in the business communication classroom to increase student experience, and thus, their confidence in writing these messages.
Perceived Teacher Confirmation and the Online Classroom: Capturing Student Descriptions of Experiences with Faculty Online
Authors:   University of Mississippi, Jones-Bodie Ashley , Anderson Lindsey ,   University of Maryland, Hall Jen ,   Purdue University
Published: August 2023

This study explored and examined students’ perceptions of teacher confirmation, those behaviors that teachers engage in that make students feel confirmed as valuable, significant individuals, as experienced in online courses. With over 450 students’ written descriptions of experiences in online classes across three different universities, this study provides an important initial examination of teaching practices in the online context. While prior research has situated study of students’ perceptions of teacher confirmation in the traditional in-person course experience, the current project extends understanding of teacher confirmation into the online setting. The study provides detailed descriptions, in students’ own words, of specific tactics instructors can use and avoid in order to promote feelings of confirmation in their students.
Student Camera Use in Synchronous Classrooms: A Two-Study Exploration of CTML’s Embodiment Principle
Authors:   California State University, Fullerton, Johnson Zac , Knoster Kevin
Published: August 2023

Two studies were conducted to ascertain whether or not the embodiment principle of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning would apply to student’s use of cameras in synchronous online instruction. Results from a cross sectional dataset indicate that students who utilize their cameras report more positive outcomes than students who do not utilize their cameras. Results from a quasi-experimental design indicate that students do not report any significant differences between experiencing classes where their peers keep their cameras-on or when their peers keep their cameras-off.
Token Reinforcement, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Degree of Disability and Managing Aggressive Behaviour Among Pupils With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Jacob Udeme Samuel , Adegboye Kehinde Rechael , Pillay Jace
Published: August 2023

Aggressive behaviour has a significant negative effect on learning and academic performance. This study aimed to establish the main effect of token reinforcement, cognitive behavioural therapy, and degree of disability on reducing aggression among pupils with intellectual disability. The study participants were 60 pupils (N = 60, N = 27 boys; N = 33 girls; mean age = 11.7) with intellectual disability who were purposively selected from three (3) special schools in the study location. The participants were divided into three treatment groups: token reinforcement, cognitive behavioural therapy, and control groups, with the degree of disability as the moderating factor. The token reinforcement and cognitive behavioural therapy groups met for thirty sessions over twelve weeks. Three experimental (two treatment and a control) groups were assessed using the Overt Aggression Scale, while the three treatment groups were assessed post-intervention using the Overt Aggression Scale. Data for aggressive behaviour performance were collected after the participants were screened for intellectual disability. An analysis of covariance and estimated means was used to examine the data. The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results of the three (3) treatment groups. The degree of disability had significant main effect on level aggressive behaviour among pupils with intellectual disability. The interaction effect of treatment and degree of disability was significant on participants’ aggressive behaviour. Teachers and care givers should adopt token reinforcement and probably cognitive behavioural therapy in manage aggressive behaviour among pupils with intellectual disability.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengukuran Alkohol dan Suhu Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dalam Pembuatan Etanol dari Tepung Sagu
Authors: Ningsih Surya , Bulaka Bardan
Published: August 2023

Dalam proses pembuatan etanol terdapat parameter fisis yang penting untuk diukur yakni suhu dan kadar alcohol. Pengukuran ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besaran fisis menjadi besaran yang terukur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat alat ukur suhu dan kadar alcohol pada pembuatan etanol dari tepung sagu. Kegiatan ini dimulai dari rancang bangun alat ukur dengan menggunakan dua buah sensor yakni LM35 untuk sensor suhu dan MQ3 untuk sensor kadar alcohol. Kemudian pembacaan sensor ini dihubungkan ke system akusisi data menggunakan Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dan ditampilkan pada LCD. Alat ini kemudian diuji, sebelum diuji pada bahan terlebih dahulu dilakukakan kalibrasi. Adapun kalibrasi dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap kalibrasi yang pertama adalah membandingkan hasil pembacaan nilai suhu oleh sensor LM35 dengan alat pengukur suhu digital. Tahap kalibrasi kedua adalah membandingkan hasil pembacaan nilai presentase kadar alcohol oleh sensor MQ-3 dengan alat pengukur lain yaitu alcoholmeter. Dari hasil pengukuran suhu didadapatkan selisih rata-rata 0,4 0C sedangkan untuk pengukuran kadar alcohol didapatkan selisih rata-rata 0,86%. Dalam hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sensor LM35 dapat mendeteksi perubahan suhu dengan akurat dan sensor MQ-3 dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi perubahan kadar alcohol pada cairan.
Cross-section geometry optimization of flexural thread using energy criterion
Authors: Tarasov D. A.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a method to determine the best geometrical parameters of the flexural thread cross-section providing the lowest potential energy of deformation, thereby meeting the requirements for the minimum weight based on strength and rigidity limitations on the designed element.

Methodology/approach: The problem of calculating the best parameters is reduced to nonlinear mathematical programming using the energy criterion. The latter provides to gain the minimum potential energy of deformation of the designed element.

Research findings: The proposed methodology allows evaluating the results obtained. The numerical experiment determines the optimum cross-section geometry of flexural thread. The spread in values between proposed methodology and finite element method are insignificant.

Practical implications: The proposed method provides the solution of inverse problems in a geometrically nonlinear formulation, including a search for optimum geometrical parameters of elements that combine the operation of beams and flexural thread. The proposed method can be used at the design stage of large-span shells of buildings.
Intelligent model for automated identification of architectural style
Authors: Pylov P. A. , Dyagileva A. V. , Nikolaeva E. A. , Shalygina T. A.
Published: August 2023

The growing interest to the digital development of the society stipulate studies of its history described by the artifacts of structures of past generations. Since each epoch has its own characteristics, architectural ideas inextricably linking certain years to the architectural style of buildings, have changed.

Purpose: The aim of this work is the software development for the identification the architectural style of architectural a building.

Research findings: For anyone interested in history, regardless of their gender and age, it is sometimes not enough to read historical books in order to determine the architectural style of a building. The artificial intelligence model is proposed to fill this gap.

Practical implications: The proposed model can be used to supplement the practical experience in the field.
Development of micromobility infrastructure in Kazan
Authors: Ismagilova S. H. , Gorshkova E. D. , Zaletova E. A.
Published: August 2023

The dramatic growth in personal mobility devices, especially in large cities, determines inadequacy of transport and pedestrian infrastructure. In this regard, it is necessary to develop the urban planning policy for a complete integration of a new type of mobility in the traffic system in urbanized territories.

Purpose: The development of urban planning recommendations for the formation of micromobility infrastructure for Kazan and the project implementation for the city development.

Research findings: All-round analysis of urban planning conditions to determine the formation of the micromobility infrastructure in the city. Determination of the structural organization of the micromobility network in urban planning zones in Kazan.

Value: The urban planning recommendations are given for the development of the micromobility infrastructure in Kazan. Boundaries and dislocation of the micromobility network are identified for the city. Planning and infrastructure formation techniques are proposed herein.
Design principles of leisure student hub in Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Authors: Rubanova M. I.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Studying multifunctional public buildings for leisure to develop a student hub in Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building (TSUAB).

Methodology/approach: Comprehensive analysis and data systematization of the literature; creative synthesis to develop design solutions. The bright examples of clubs built in the 1920–30s by K. Melnikov, the famous Soviet architect, are analyzed to propose design principles for the leisure student hub in TSUAB.

Research findings: Design principles of the student leisure center in TSUAB are proposed to meet the modern requirements for comfortable leisure for young people.

Practical implications: Research results can be used in the preparation of conference reports, draft projects on actual design.

Value: The literature review and proposed design principles.
GİTAR EĞİTİMİNDE KARŞILAŞILAN KONSANTRASYON PROBLEMLERİ VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: ÖZTUTGAN Kaan
Published: August 2023

Konsantrasyon, dikkati istenen yöne verebilme becerisi olarak tanımlanabilir. Eğitimin her alanında olduğu gibi hem fiziksel hem de zihinsel konsantrasyon gerektiren çalgı eğitiminde de başarı sağlanabilmesi için odaklanma becerileri geliştirmek gerekmektedir. Çalgı eğitimi alanının bir alt boyutu olan gitar eğitiminde hem öğretmen hem de öğrenciler açısından konsantre olabilmek son derece önemlidir. Gitar gerek notasyon gerekse performans sergileme yönünden oldukça kompleks yapıda bir çalgıdır. Gitarın bu karmaşık yapısı, icra sırasında konsantre olabilmeyi daha da vazgeçilmez kılmaktadır. Literatür taramasına dayalı nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırma, gitar eğitimi alan öğrencilerin deşifre, egzersiz, ders, sınav ve konserde yaşadıkları konsantrasyon problemlerini ortaya koymak ve bu problemlere çözüm önerileri sunmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında; klasik gitar eserlerinin birden fazla partiden oluşması, teknik zorluklar taşıması, ortamda dikkat dağıtıcı faktörler bulunması, yorgunluk, uykusuzluk, eğitmen tarafından eleştirilme korkusu, not kaygısı, repertuvarın öğrencinin teknik hazır bulunuşluk düzeyine uygun olmaması gibi nedenlerle konsantrasyon sorunlarının ortaya çıkabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Bu konsantrasyon problemlerinin yeterli ve kaliteli uyku düzeni oluşturularak, dengeli ve vitamin-mineral yönünden zengin bir beslenme programı uygulanarak, amaç ve hedefler belirlenerek, stres kontrol altına alınarak, bedensel ve zihinsel gevşeme egzersizleri uygulanarak, günlük ve sistemli bir çalışma programı takip edilerek, egzersiz zamanları verimli kullanılarak ve oda müziği eserleri repertuvara eklenerek çözümlenebileceği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Timor-Leste Resilient Elections Built on Experience
Authors: Maley Michael
Published: August 2023

This case study of Timor-Leste (part of the Protecting Elections project) highlights how the institutional capacity of an electoral management body (EMB) to handle risks, challenges and crises can flow from the availability of skilled and experienced staff—rather than just from formal risk management processes.
Vietnam and Other ASEAN Countries During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dyomina Yana
Published: August 2023

The author analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy of Vietnam and other ASEAN member states. Although the mentioned countries experienced an economic downturn for the first time in 22 years in 2020, growth rates of macroeconomic indicators quickly recovered. Vietnam was able to withstand the pandemic shock better than other ASEAN members, despite the fact that it had the largest number of cumulative COVID-19 cases within the Association.
During the first year of the pandemic, ASEAN coped with it quite successfully. However, the situation in Vietnam and ASEAN as a whole has changed dramatically with the appearance of the Delta strain in 2021. Vaccination in most ASEAN countries is successful (Brunei and Singapore are the best, Myanmar is the worst; Vietnam and Laos share the 2nd place), allowing to gradually reduce restrictions. Despite the pandemic, in November 2020, 15 states of the region signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement. According to experts, Vietnam will benefit the most among RCEP member states.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Brief Cognitive Instruments to Evaluate Suspected Dementia in Chinese-Speaking Populations
Authors: Yu Ruan-Ching , Lai Jen-Chieh , Hui Esther K. , Mukadam Naaheed , Kapur Narinder , Stott Joshua , Livingston Gill
Published: August 2023

Background:

Chinese is the most commonly spoken world language; however, most cognitive tests were developed and validated in the West. It is essential to find out which tests are valid and practical in Chinese speaking people with suspected dementia.

Objective:

We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of brief cognitive tests adapted for Chinese-speaking populations in people presenting for assessment of suspected dementia.

Methods:

We searched electronic databases for studies reporting brief (≤20 minutes) cognitive test’s sensitivity and specificity as part of dementia diagnosis for Chinese-speaking populations in clinical settings. We assessed quality using Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM) criteria and translation and cultural adaptation using the Manchester Translation Reporting Questionnaire (MTRQ), and Manchester Cultural Adaptation Reporting Questionnaire (MCAR). We assessed heterogeneity and combined sensitivity in meta-analyses.

Results:

38 studies met inclusion criteria and 22 were included in meta-analyses. None met the highest CEBM criteria. Five studies met the highest criteria of MTRQ and MCAR. In meta-analyses of studies with acceptable heterogeneity (I2 <  75%), Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised &III (ACE-R & ACE-III) had the best sensitivity and specificity; specifically, for dementia (93.5% & 85.6%) and mild cognitive impairment (81.4% & 76.7%).

Conclusions:

Current evidence is that the ACE-R and ACE-III are the best brief cognitive assessments for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese-speaking populations. They may improve time taken to diagnosis, allowing people to access interventions and future planning.