bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Vector Borne Disease Epidemics for Mapping the Hotspot Region, Risk Assessment, and Control for Sustainable Health
Authors: M.Palaniyandi
Published: July 2021

Vector borne diseases are having increasing trend in both vertical and horizontal structure of the diseaseepidemics in India for the recent decades. Filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis, Dengue, Chikungunya,Leishmaniases, and Malaria are the major vector borne diseases in India for several decades. The increasingtrend of both spatial distribution and magnitude of the disease makes public health challenging problemin India, especially, for the recent decades. The both spatial extent and magnitude of vector borne diseaseoutbreaks have been increasingly reported and it has been found ubiquitous across the country. Thegeographical extent of endemic regions, the frequency of outbreaks in both urban and rural, and the spatialand temporal aspects of vector borne disease epidemics were analyzed across the nation for the past 30years, in order to assess the probability of potential risk of the VBD outbreaks in the country using GIS,accordingly, the appropriate control strategy will be prepared to manage the future epidemic situations ina site specific areas of high risk hotspot regions. Spatial and temporal dynamics of vector-borne diseaseepidemics across the country have been evidently associated with land use / land cover changes including theagriculture practices, urban dynamics, industrial growths, population movements, manmade environmentaltransition, etc., and have been acted upon the epidemic scenarios change the indigenous territories, andalso intrusion into the non-endemic areas. The concept of control activities of vector borne disease suddenoccurrence could not be achieved with no single intervention will be sufficient to control epidemic diseases,and therefore, prevention measures and control strategy must have to be advantageously applied during theintermittent outbreaks situations regularly, so as to move towards the achievement of erratic transmissioncontrol and prevent acceleration in epidemic transmission early in advance successfully.
Infant and Young Child Feeding – Importance During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Madonna J Dsouza  , Muhammed Muntazeem G  , Arun Daniel J  , B.A Varadaraj Rao
Published: July 2021

According to the “Convention on the Rights of the Child,” every baby and child has the right to goodnutrition. Dietary practices especially during first thousand days of life from gestation to two years ofage have a permanent impact on life. Breast feeding up to first 6 months life exclusively followed bycomplementary feeding in addition to breast milk is an important aspect in person’s physical and mentaldevelopment. Deficiency or excesses in person’s intake lead to malnutrition. The burden of malnutrition inIndia being high, hence the importance of Breast feeding and IYCF is being highlighted in this perspectiveduring COVID-19 Pandemic.
Applied GIS: Critical Cartography and Geovisualization Methods and Techniques in Public Health Epidemiology, Arthropod Vectors Ecology and Surveillance
Authors: Masimalai Palaniyandi
Published: July 2021

Better understanding by mapping picturesque thematic information, and visualizing the actual burden ofarthropod vector borne disease vertically and horizontally, using GIS, analytical cartographic and geovisualizationmethods guide to select an appropriate methods for control and management of the disease.Both, the site specific public health epidemiology and entomological reality information on the groundscould be collected with GPS, and could be mapped under the GIS techniques. Different type of field surveymethods and techniques could have been functional for the study of arthropod vectors surveillance, especially,mosquitoes, ticks, and mites vector abundance, and ecology, must have been essentially needed revisionand updates for the achievements of goal move towards the betterment of vector borne disease control andmanagement. Probability sampling (random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling), and Nonprobabilitysampling (convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling) existing conventionalsurvey methods have been replaced with GIS scientific methods, used for public health epidemiologicalstudies, and arthropod entomological study as well. Applied GIS contains the methods and techniques usedfor different field survey, such as; a systematic grid sampling techniques, GIS and GPS based reconnaissancesurvey methods, cluster sampling, stratified sampling, multistage sampling pilot sampling and randomsampling survey with i) physiographic landscapes, ii) climate zones, iii) socio-economic structures, iv)settlement structures, v) land use / land cover categories, and vi) sampling survey in the buffering zones,etc., provides the accurate geo-coordinates site specific approach to portray the diversity and reliability ofarthropod vector presents, and geovisualization of the vertical and longitudinal pattern of vector profusion,and thus, researcher and planners could be formed a datum of guidelines for arthropod vectors surveillance,and hence, preparing the indispensable prevention measures to vector borne disease control and managementfor sustainable health.
A Study of Duration of Oxygen Therapy and Severity of Respiratory Distress in New Born
Authors: Navaney Hiru  , Anjali Ahuja
Published: July 2021

Objective: This prospective study was conducted:1. To study the duration of oxygen therapy and severity of respiratory distress in newborn.2. To establish that with increase in severity of distress (Downe’s score) there is increase in duration ofoxygen requirement.Methods: This study was carried out on a total number of 100 newborns including preterm and term newbornwith respiratory distress.Spearman Rank Correlation:Cofficient was used to assess the correlation between Downe’s score and number of days oxygen required.Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences(SPSS) Version 22.0.Result: The study shows that 24% the newborn with respiratory distress required O2 treatment for less than24 hours, as compared to the 76% of newborns with respiratory distress (42% for 2 days, 10% for 3 days,3% for 4 days, 21% for 5 days) required O2 treatment for >24 hours. There was no newborn with respiratorydistress that did not required O2 therapy. None of the newborn with TTN required O2 for more than 2 days,7 out of 14 newborn with RDS (50%) and 3 out of 13 newborns with MAS(23.07%) had severe distress andrequired oxygen for more than 24 hours. Bhutta ZA et al studied 81 neonate with respiratory distress andit was seen that these babies required supplemental oxygen while in NICU, but unlike our study, the abovestudy has not analyzed O2 requirement depending on the cause of respiratory distress which should help todetermine clinical outcome.Conclusion: A total of 100 newborns with respiratory distress including term and preterm delivered eitherby vaginal or cesarean section, outborn or inborn were studied. The study showed that 24% newborn withrespiratory distress required oxygen treatment for less than 24 hours as compared to 76% of the newbornwith respiratory distress.
Analysis of N-Terminal Fragment B Type Natriuretic Peptide Serum In Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nelly Tolla  , Rachmawati A. Muhiddin  , Fitriani Mangarengi
Published: July 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of decreased kidney function due to chronic and irreversiblerenal parenchymal damage. Chronic kidney disease is one of the world’s health problems due to itshigh prevalence of the disease, increasing morbidity and mortality rates and expensive treatment costs.Cardiovascular complications have been recognized as the leading cause of death in CKD. Left ventricularhypertrophy (LVH), systolic and diastolic dysfunction are the most common cardiovascular complicationsfound in CKD. NTproBNP is an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of cardiovascular diseases,hence it can distinguish between acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this examination isrecommended to monitor patient treatment. NTproBNP levels circulating in the circulations of cardiovascularpatients are about six times higher than other biomarkers including BNP. This study aims to assess serumNTproBNP levels in various degrees of CKD. This research is an observational analytic study with crosssectional approach. It was conducted between June and August 2019 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospitalwith total sample of 86 patients diagnosed with CKD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Basedon the Kruskal Wallis test, which were used due to abnormal data distribution, a significant difference wasfound in serum NTProBNP levels based on the degree of CKD with the initial increase occured in grade IIICKD with mean value of 4,653 ng/L. Serum NTproBNP levels were not significantly different based on thedegree of hypertension. Serum NTProBNP levels were significantly correlated with urea and creatinin levelsand GFR value based on the Rho Spearman correlation test with a p value <0.05.
Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Mental Health and Overall Wellbeing of the Employees Involved – A Literature Review
Authors: Roopashree Rao
Published: July 2021

Strategic Alliances, like mergers and acquisitions are one of the options organizations undertake to grow.A merger involves merging or coming together of two organizations and acquisition is a process when oneorganization acquires another of its interest.1 Organizations enter into strategic alliances to compete in theassociated market and expand their share in the market, to enter into new geographical areas, to add newproduct profiles, to capitalize the newer technologies available and also add to their financial competencies.This research paper reviews various literature available on the effect of mergers and acquisitions on themental wellbeing and overall wellbeing of the employees associated with the organizations undergoingthese major changes. Mergers and acquisitions follow three stages and each stage flows into the other, thereare various factors which play a very critical role for enabling the mergers and acquisitions to achieve whatthey set to achieve at each stage. There are various hard factors like the financial parameters, adequateplanning for financial and operational integration by capitalizing on the previous experience, assessment ofrisks and strengths, eliminating excess payments, and various soft issues ,like the cultural issues, ensuringextended assurance from the leadership, facilitating proper and timely communication to avoid unwanteddissemination of information, ensuring adequate speed for the implementation plans , ensuring visible andaccountable steps like designating an integration manger to handle all the dilemmas in context to the humanresources, implementing various reporting structures and facilitating the combined ways to deal with criticalissues, collaborating with the critical teams in the process of integration, efficiently managing the variousissues pertaining to human resources to ensure employee motivation and sustainability and implementingvarious plans to enable and ensure the proper amalgamation of the cultures of the organizations involved tominimize and eliminate the negative effects on the mental wellbeing and ensure the overall wellbeing of theemployees involved in the process.1
Hospital-based Analysis of the Effects of Mental Health Disorders on Asthma and Nutrition Disorder Admissions and the Cost Saving by Investing in Mental Health in Bhutan
Authors: Sacha C. Hauc  , Agata M.P Atayde  , Dolley Tshering  , Dil Kumar Subba  , Samten  , Kaveh Khoshnood
Published: July 2021

Purposes: Aims to explicate the relationship between mental health and disease morbidity in Bhutan and theassociation between mental health and these two major public health concerns. Furthermore, we evaluatedthe added economic cost-savings benefit.Methodology: Univariate linear regression was initially utilized and calculated and ran a Shapiro-Wilk Wtest and a Lagrange multiplier test.Findings: It was indicated that for every one-unit increase in the number of admittances categorized as amental health disorder within Bhutan, there is a significant average increase in health center admissions forasthma by 0.3601 and for nutritional disorders. It was estimated that the increase in the reduction of mentalhealth disorders would increase the number of averted cases and the cost-saving to the Bhutanese healthcaresystems to a significant level.Research limitation: We were unable to infer whether there was an increase in health center admissionsdue to new disease development or to higher occurrences of existing symptoms caused by these diseases.Practical implications: In order to decrease the burden of comorbidities associated with mental healthdisorders, proper dispersal of accessible resources in addition to investment in mental healthcare is necessary.Social implications: Findings reinforce the need to properly invest in mental health services not only for itsown sake but also for the significant morbidities associated with other diseases.Originality: All data presented in this manuscript are true and valid and no data from the study has been orwill be published separately.
Efficacy of Virtual Reality Induced Environmental and Habitual Navigation on Psychological, Cognitive Function that Impacts on Physical Recovery in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Shubham Prakash Kamble  , R.M Singaravelan  , Tejas Pradeep Borkar
Published: July 2021

[Background] Cognitive dysfunction after a stroke is normal, but it is underdiagnosed and has a badprognosis. In 40-70 percent of stroke survivors, there is a degree of cognitive dysfunction. Similarly,psychometric issues such as anxiety and depression are normal following stroke but are mostly untreated,resulting in a patient’s poor quality of life. Whereas it also has an effect on a person’s rehabilitation. Theuse of traditional methodology has certain beneficial effects, but it is not necessarily handled with theindividual’s own interests in mind. Virtual reality, on the other hand, seems to play a role in dealing withsuch issues, especially where they are linked to neurological disorders. Virtual reality navigation has thepotential to enhance basic cognitive functions such as visuo-spatial perception, executive performance, andattention, both of which can affect one’s psychological state and aid in functional rehabilitation. Cognitivedeficits and social issues must be addressed because they have a detrimental impact on functional abilitiesand quality of life.[Methodology] Twenty-three participants between the ages of 40 and 60 with a stroke diagnosis were chosen.Participants were split into two groups: Group A, which received Virtual Reality induced environmental andhabitual navigation as well as Conventional Physiotherapy, and Group B, which received ConventionalPhysiotherapy as well as cognitive training and relaxation for 4 weeks of duration. The Montreal CognitiveAssessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS),and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were used to conduct pre and post intervention evaluations.[Conclusion] The study found that combining virtual reality-induced environmental and habitual navigationwith conventional physiotherapy improves cognitive control, psychological function, and functional recoveryin stroke patients more effectively than treating them with conventional physiotherapy alone.
"Die-Hard Supporters"
Authors: Aranda Danna
Published: July 2021

The success of the maverick politician Rodrigo Duterte in the 2016 election is cited as a result of the weaponization of social media—whereby professional, tech-savvy strategists mobilized public opinion through a networked system of disinformation. Yet, there is evidence of grassroots campaign support that emerged via online platforms. Those who have mobilized include Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), who have used Facebook groups to rally in support of Duterte. This research looks at the activities of two OFW Facebook groups to understand precisely how and why they organized for Duterte. Employing a dualstage thematic analysis on posts and comments by group members between March 28 – May 9, 2016, three key findings emerged. First, motivations for supporting Duterte varied greatly among users and are far more complex than Duterte’s mandate to crack-down on corruption, crime, and drugs. Second, group behavior deviates from top-heavy explanations of online campaign mobilization, as these groups operated autonomously from Duterte’s official campaign. Finally, these groups were not amorphous and had, as the most active members and organizers, certain intermediaries. These grassroots intermediaries sought to amplify support for Duterte by organizing events, using diversionary tactics, and helping to propagate fake news. These findings suggest that while these groups were operating independently, they were not devoid of influence from Duterte’s official social media campaign.
THE ROLE OF SCIENTISTS AND LEADERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Мустақил изланувчи, Қарши давлат университети, Ubaydullaeva Shahlo
Published: July 2021

The article provides theoretical conclusions on the reforms in the health care system in Uzbekistan during the years of independence and the analysis of the role of women leaders in the scientific study of the role of women in it.
TEACHER – ARCHITECT OF PERFECTION OF YOUNG HEART
Authors:   Филология фанлари доктори, Наманган давлат университети, Sharapovna Usmanova Khuriniso , Nurmakhamadovna Ganieva Shakhrizod ,   Ассистент, Тошкент ахборот технологиялари университети Фарғона филиали
Published: July 2021

This article provides information on the work of a teacher, issues of further development of personal competence and professional competence, the main tasks of a teacher in organizing and managing pedagogical processes, organizing and monitoring the educational process on a scientific basis.
Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Motivasi Mengajar dengan Kinerja Guru IPS SMP di Provinsi Maluku Utara
Authors: Abdullah Irwan
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui klasifikasi tinggi atau rendahnya tingkat kecerdasan emosional (Emotional Quotien, EQ), motivasi mengajar dan kinerja guru, (2) mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kinerja guru guru, (3) mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi mengajar dengan kinerja guru guru, dan (4) mengetahui hubungan antara EQ dan motivasi mengajar dengan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini dengan metode ex-postfacto.Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah guru IPS SMP di Provinsi Maluku Utara tahun 2019/2020. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran bahwa: (1) EQ, motivasi mengajar dan kinerja guru, termasuk dalam kategori tinggi;EQ dan kinerjaguru, termasuk dalam kategori tinggi;motivasi mengajar dengan Kinerja guru, termasuk dalam kategori sedang; (2) terdapat hubungan kuat positif antara EQ dengan kinerjaguru sebesar 0,634; (3) terdapat hubungan kuat positif antara motivasi mengajar dengan kinerja guru sebesar 0,641; dan (4) terdapat hubungan kuat positif antara EQ dan motivasi mengajar dengan kinerja guru sebesar 0,772.
Kesiapan Guru Sekolah Menengah Atas/Kejuruan Katolik dalam Penyelenggaraan Pembelajaran Daring di Era Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Magdalena Magdalena , Meman Oktavianey Gasperius Patana Hamahena , Zulkarnain Rezkie , Lisarani Varetha
Published: July 2021

Pandemi Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang terjadi di seluruh dunia akhirnya memaksa sekolah untuk menyelenggarakan pembelajaran daring. Penyelenggaraan yang mendadak memunculkan pertanyaan apakah guru sebagai pelaksana lapangan sudah siap untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran daring, mengingat pengukuran kesiapan baik faktor teknologi, inovasi, manusia, dan pengembangan diri perlu dilakukan agar dapat memperoleh manfaat yang sebenarnya dari penyelenggaraan sistem pembelajaran daring. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapan guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini adalah mixed method yang dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket kepada para guru di SMA/SMK Katolik di Kota Pontianak dan Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat melalui bantuan form daring lalu menganalisis data kuantitatif dengan pemberian skor pada hasil angket, kemudian dilakukan wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi lebih mendalam. Berdasarkan data penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa secara keseluruhan SMA dan SMK Katolik di Kota Pontianak dan Kabupaten Kubu Raya telah siap melaksanakan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi COVID-19.
Pengaruh Penerapan Media Teka-teki Silang Diakhir Pembelajaran Model Discovery terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIA SMA Kartika XX-1 Makassar
Authors: Nurfitri Nurfitri , Syahrir Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media teka-teki silang (TTS) diakhir pembelajaran model discovery terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Kartika XX-1 Makassar. Desain penelitian adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Kartika XX-1 Makassar yang terdiri dari 7 kelas. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara random. Variabel bebas adalah media TTS diakhir model pembelajaran discovery dan variabel terikatnya yaitu hasil belajar tanpa menggunakan media TTS diakhir pembelajaran menggunakan discovery learning tanpa TTS. Hasil analisis data baik secara deskriptif menunjukkan rata-rata hasil belajar dalam bentuk N-Gain peserta didik kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol berturut-turut adalah 0.649 dan 0.527 termasuk (kategori sedang). Sedangkan analisis statistik inferensial diperoleh hasil pengujian hipotesis terhadap hasil belajar menggunakan uji-t diperoleh thitung=2,652>ttabel=1,67. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif penggunaan media TTS pada akhir model pembelajaran discovery terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Kartika XX-1 Makassar pada materi pokok larutan penyangga.
Efektivitas Model Project Based Learning Berorientasi eXe Learning dan Motivasi terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Materi Laju Reaksi
Authors: Muliaman Agus
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar melalui Project Based Learning (PjBL) berorientasi eXe-Learning dan Direct Instruction berorientasi Macromedia Flash pada tingkat motivasi tinggi dan rendah pada materi laju reaksi di Universitas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen kuantitatif dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi merupakan seluruh mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Kimia yang mengikuti perkuliahan mata kuliah Kimia Dasar, berjumlah sekitar 204. Teknik sampling menggunakan Purposive Sampling sehingga didapat sampel berjumlah 60 mahasiswa, yaitu 2 kelas yang masing-masing kelas berjumlah 30 mahasiswa. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa tes soal objektif yang berjumlah 25 butir soal dan angket motivasi yang sudah valid dan reliebel.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Analis varian (ANAVA) dua Jalur dengan GLM Univariate pada data N-gain dengan bantuan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajar melalui model PjBL berorientasi eXe-Learning dan Direct Instruction berorientasi Macromedia Flash pada tingkat motivasi tinggi dan rendah. Pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen menggunakan model PjBL berorientasi eXe-Learning memperoleh hasil yang lebih baik dengan rata-rata N-gain  sebesar 0,73 sedangkan rata-rata N-gain kelas kontrol  sebesar 0,63 sehingga didapat model PjBL berorientasi eXe-Learning lebih efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran Laju Reaksi.
A Phenomenological Study of Sexuality among the People of Tutu Akuapem-Ghana: Implications for Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE)
Authors: Gyamerah Solomon Kwame , Tsibu Maxwell Kojo
Published: July 2021

Issues about human sexuality have generated serious discussion in both public and academic discourses. In Ghana, the recent frightening figures of teenage pregnancy and diverse reactions to homosexuality, gay, bisexual, and transgender in news outlets have heightened the exigency of sexuality deliberations among religious, political, human rights activists, and social commentators. Amid the controversies and difficulties surrounding sexuality matters, the question is how do Africans maintain their ‘Africanness’ in search of expanded understandings and pedagogies of sexuality? Which indigenous conventions and rites must be interrogated to have the 21stcentury African child well informed and equipped to deal with his/ her sexuality? Using the phenomenological approach, the researchers sought to examine indigenous sexuality rites and norms of the people of Tutu Akuapem Community in the Eastern region of Ghana, focusing on puberty and marriage rites of passage. The study argues for a carefully thought-out compromise between custodians of indigenous values of sexuality and modern theorists and activists for new(er) ways of conceiving, expressing, and teaching sexuality. It recommends that the content of the newly designed curriculum of sexuality education in our schools must be adapted to reflect African worldviews, values, and customs of sexuality.

Keywords: Sexuality, Gender, Phenomenology, Comprehensive Sex Education, Rite of passage
A Circumplanetary Disk around PDS70c
Authors: Benisty Myriam , Bae Jaehan , Facchini Stefano , Keppler Miriam , Teague Richard , Isella Andrea , Kurtovic Nicolas T. , Pérez Laura M. , Sierra Anibal , Andrews Sean M. , Carpenter John , Czekala Ian , Dominik Carsten , Henning Thomas , Menard Francois , Pinilla Paola , Zurlo Alice
Published: July 2021

PDS 70 is a unique system in which two protoplanets, PDS 70 b and c, have been discovered within the dust-depleted cavity of their disk, at ∼22 and 34 au, respectively, by direct imaging at infrared wavelengths. Subsequent detection of the planets in the Hα line indicates that they are still accreting material through circumplanetary disks. In this Letter, we present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the dust continuum emission at 855 μm at high angular resolution (∼20 mas, 2.3 au) that aim to resolve the circumplanetary disks and constrain their dust masses. Our observations confirm the presence of a compact source of emission co-located with PDS 70 c, spatially separated from the circumstellar disk and less extended than ∼1.2 au in radius, a value close to the expected truncation radius of the circumplanetary disk at a third of the Hill radius. The emission around PDS 70 c has a peak intensity of ∼86 ± 16 μJy beam−1, which corresponds to a dust mass of ∼0.031 M
⊕ or ∼0.007 M
⊕, assuming that it is only constituted of 1 μm or 1 mm sized grains, respectively. We also detect extended, low surface brightness continuum emission within the cavity near PDS 70 b. We observe an optically thin inner disk within 18 au of the star with an emission that could result from small micron-sized grains transported from the outer disk through the orbits of b and c. In addition, we find that the outer disk resolves into a narrow and bright ring with a faint inner shoulder.
Kakila database: Towards a FAIR community approved database of cetacean presence in the waters of the Guadeloupe Archipelago, based on citizen science
Authors: Coché Lorraine , Arnaud Elie , Bouveret Laurent , David Romain , Foulquier Eric , Gandilhon Nadège , Jeannesson Etienne , Le Bras Yvan , Lerigoleur Emilie , Lopez Pascal Jean , Madon Bénédicte , Sananikone Julien , Sèbe Maxime , Le Berre Iwan , Jung Jean-Luc
Published: July 2021

In the French West Indies, more than 20 species of cetaceans have been observed over the last decades. The recognition of this hotspot of biodiversity of marine mammals, observed in the French Exclusive Economic Zone of the West Indies, motivated the French government to create in 2010 a marine protected area (MPA) dedicated to the conservation of marine mammals: the Agoa Sanctuary. Threats that cetacean populations face are multiple, but well-documented. Cetacean conservation can only be achieved if relevant and reliable data are available, starting by occurrence data. In the Guadeloupe Archipelago and in addition to some data collected by the Agoa Sanctuary, occurrence data are mainly available through the contribution of citizen science and of local stakeholders (i.e. non-profit organisations (NPO) and whale-watchers). However, no observation network has been coordinated and no standards exist for cetacean presence data collection and management.

In recent years, several whale watchers and NPOs regularly collected cetacean observation data around the Guadeloupe Archipelago. Our objective was to gather datasets from three Guadeloupean whale watchers, two NPOs and the Agoa Sanctuary, that agreed to share their data. These heterogeneous data went through a careful process of curation and standardisation in order to create a new extended database, using a newly-designed metadata set. This aggregated dataset contains a total of 4,704 records of 21 species collected in the Guadeloupe Archipelago from 2000 to 2019. The database was called Kakila ("who is there?" in Guadeloupean Creole). The Kakila database was developed following the FAIR principles with the ultimate objective of ensuring sustainability. All these data were transferred into the PNDB repository (Pöle National de Données de Biodiversité, Biodiversity French Data Hub, https://www.pndb.fr).

In the Agoa Sanctuary and surrounding waters, marine mammals have to interact with increasing anthropogenic pressure from growing human activities. In this context, the Kakila database fulfils the need for an organised system to structure marine mammal occurrences collected by multiple local stakeholders with a common objective: contribute to the knowledge and conservation of cetaceans living in the French Antilles waters. Much needed data analysis will enable us to identify high cetacean presence areas, to document the presence of rarer species and to determine areas of possible negative interactions with anthropogenic activities.
Agricultural by-products from Greece as feed for yellow mealworm larvae: circular economy at a local level
Authors: Rumbos C.I. , Oonincx D.G.A.B. , Karapanagiotidis I.T. , Vrontaki M. , Gourgouta M. , Asimaki A. , Mente E. , Athanassiou C.G.
Published: July 2021

Organic side-streams and agricultural wastes represent a big pool of untapped and underrated resources which could be efficiently exploited for insect rearing. We evaluated the suitability of eleven agricultural by-products, stemming from the production of cotton, sugar beet, sunflower, barley, oats, peas and vetch, for the development of larvae of the yellow mealworm,Tenebrio molitor. In a first bioassay, by-products were screened singly to evaluate their potential to support the development of middle sized (4th-6th instar) larvae. In a second bioassay, by-products were supplemented with carrot, and their potential to support complete larval development (first instar until first pupation) was evaluated. Lastly, a third bioassay was conducted in which the more promising by-products were used as components of isonitrogenous diets for middle sized larvae, at two nitrogen levels (2.7 and 3.2%). Our results show the suitability of several agricultural by-products from Greece forT. molitor larvae. The best results though were obtained with the oat and the barley by-product (class II), tested either singly or mixed in diets. These by-products can be utilised singly or in composed diets and can greatly decrease the feed costs of mealworm production. Moreover, the results obtained from the isonitrogenous diets bioassay, show that besides nitrogen content, other factors need to be considered when formulating optimal diets. Our study aims to implement circular economy practices in insect farming at a local level.
Effects of Upper Extremity Elevation on Intra-Cast Pressure and Digital Perfusion in a Fiberglass Short-Arm Cast Model
Authors: Fram Brianna R. , Martin Dennis P. , Wang William L. , Byrne Kelly , Rogalski Brandon L. , Park Andrew G. , Ilyas Asif M.
Published: July 2021

The goal of this study was to determine the relationship of digital artery pressure to arm position and forearm skin surface pressure using a short-arm cast experimental setup, to ascertain the safest position for the injured casted upper extremity. A total of 27 volunteers were placed in bilateral short-arm fiber-glass casts with an empty 50-mL bladder bag under the cast and attached to a pressure transducer. Digital systolic pressure (P
dig
), and skin surface pressure under the cast (P
skin
) were assessed in 4 positions. Measurements were taken with and without 50 mL air in the bladder bag. A total of 54 forearms were evaluated. Both arm position and P
skin
had a significant effect on P
dig
(
P
<.001 for both), with increasing elevation leading to a decrease in P
dig
(
r
=−0.50). The effect size of position on P
dig
was large, whereas that of Pskin was small (partial eta-squared=0.371 and 0.028, respectively). Linear regression analysis of P
skin
and P
dig
with air in the neutral position yielded a moderate negative relationship with body mass index (
r
=−0.64,
P
<.001 for P
skin
;
r
=0.49,
P
<.001 for P
dig
) and wrist circumference (
r
=−0.66,
P
<.001 for P
skin
;
r
=0.52,
P
<.001 for P
dig
), without significant association with forearm length. For volunteers with short-arm fiberglass casts, increasing arm elevation had a large effect size on digital arterial pressure, whereas 50 mL simulated swelling had only a small effect size. Decreasing body mass index and forearm circumference correlated with increased skin surface pressure and decreased digital arterial pressure. These findings show that aggressive elevation of the injured limb may not be as desirable as previously believed. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e487–e492.]
Factors Associated With Surgical Treatment of Isolated, Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Zhang Dafang , Dyer George S. M. , Earp Brandon E.
Published: July 2021

Given the current available evidence, surgical treatment of isolated, displaced midshaft clavicle fractures is discretionary. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are identifiable factors associated with the surgical treatment of isolated, displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. A retrospective cohort study of 150 patients who underwent nonoperative treatment and 290 patients who underwent surgical treatment of isolated, displaced midshaft clavicle fractures from January 2010 to March 2019 at 2 level I trauma centers was performed. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that younger age (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99), absence of diabetes mellitus (OR, 0.045; 95% CI, 0.003-0.79), nonsmoking status (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13-0.75), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 2.7-9.2), fracture comminution (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-3.9), and fracture displacement (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1) were associated with surgical treatment of an isolated, displaced midshaft clavicle fracture. Furthermore, lower social deprivation (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99) and private insurance compared with Medicare (OR, 6.6; 95% CI, 1.6-27) were associated with surgical treatment. The authors conclude that surgical treatment of discretionary midshaft clavicle fractures is influenced by patient factors, fracture characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. Further study is needed to understand the etiology of social disparities in clavicle surgery and rectify unintended trends in treatment. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e515–e520.]
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty by Inclination Angle With a Modular Prosthesis
Authors: Otto Alexander , Baldino Joshua B. , Mehl Julian , Morikawa Daichi , Divenere Jessica , Denard Patrick J. , Gobezie Reuben , Lederman Evan S. , Romeo Anthony A. , Creighton R. Alexander , Mazzocca Augustus D.
Published: July 2021

The influence of the humeral inclination in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine outcomes and complications after RTSA with an inclination of 135° or 155° in a modular prosthesis. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), visual analog scale (VAS), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and Simple Shoulder Test (SST) scores, as well as forward elevation (FE), abduction (ABD), and external rotation (ER), were assessed after a minimum 2-year follow-up. Scapular notching and radiolucency were assessed according to Sirveaux and Lévigne. A total of 121 patients with a mean age of 69.7±7.3 years were evaluated after a mean of 36.5±8 months. The inclination was set to 135° in 80.2% and to 155° in 19.8% of patients. There was no significant difference between the groups for ASES, VAS, SANE, and SST scores. The FE (
P
=.022) and ABD (
P
=.002) were significantly higher for the 155° inclination group. Complication rates were not significantly different between the groups. Scapular notching was significantly more common with a 155° inclination (
P
=.01), whereas humeral radiolucency was not correlated. All outcome scores improved significantly from pre- to postoperative (
P
≤.001). Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty leads to significant improvements in pain, range of motion, and outcome scores after mid-term follow-up. Overall, the inclination angle does not significantly affect clinical outcomes or the complication rate after RTSA at mid-term follow-up. However, an inclination of 155° shows significantly greater FE and ABD, although it results in a significantly higher rate of scapular notching. Cases with scapular notching are associated with significantly reduced mean ASES scores and ER as well as significantly higher VAS scores. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e527–e533.]
Acute Common Peroneal Nerve Decompression After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Johnson David B. , Marfo Kojo A. , Zochowski Christopher G. , Berend Keith R. , Lombardi Adolph V.
Published: July 2021

Common peroneal nerve palsy (CPNP) after total knee arthroplasty has a reported incidence of 0.3% to 4% and can lead to foot drop, equinovarus deformity, and marked disability if not resolved. Patients typically present in the early postoperative period with weakness or inability to dorsiflex the ankle and decreased sensation of the dorsum of the foot. The authors report their experience, technique, and outcomes of acute peroneal decompression within the first 90 days postoperatively for 5 patients with this unique complication. Preoperatively, all patients had valgus deformity with intact dorsiflexion and sensation of the foot. The diagnosis of CPNP was made on postoperative day 0 or 1 in all cases. After diagnosis, patients were offered acute peroneal decompression and returned to the operating room electively. The surgical technique for dissection, release, and decompression of the nerve is described. At an average follow-up of 12 weeks (range, 6-16 weeks), all patients showed return of motor and sensory function, as tested by ankle dorsiflexion and dorsal foot sensation, with average motor strength of 4.6 of 5.3. Acute decompression of acute CPNP after total knee arthroplasty is a prudent treatment option that provides good functional results and rapid recovery. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e556–e562.]
An Electro-Thermal Model based fast optimal charging strategy for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Jarid Saad ,   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA, Das Manohar
Published: July 2021

This paper utilizes an integrated electro-thermal model of a lithium-ion battery to search for an optimal multistage constant current charge pattern that will minimize the total charging time of the battery, while restricting its temperature rise in each stage within safe limits. The model consists of two interlinked components, an electrical equivalent circuit model to continuously predict the battery's terminal voltage and a thermal model to continuously predict its temperature rise as charging progresses. The proposed optimization algorithm is based on a novel stepwise single-variable search technique that is very easy to implement and converges quickly. The results of our extensive simulation studies clearly indicate that the proposed charging strategy offers a fast, safe and easy-to-implement alternative to many of the existing computationally intensive optimal charging strategies.
Caracterización dos espazos domésticos culinarios da época romana en Galicia
Authors: Fernández Fernández Adolfo , Rodríguez Nóvoa Alba A. , Bartolomé Abraira Roberto , Valle Abad Patricia , Pérez Losada Fermín E. , Ruanova Álvarez Nerea
Published: July 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar los espacios culinarios de las viviendas romanas en el actual territorio gallego. Para esto, se han recopilado un total de cuarenta espacios domésticos con funciones culinarias de yacimientos de diversa tipología. Posteriormente, se analizan en detalle siete casos concretos, entre ellos algunos inéditos hasta el momento. Por último, a partir del catálogo de cocinas y de los estudios de caso, se comentan los ejemplos recopilados en relación a los demás espacios que conforman la vivienda; así como su distribución interna y los principales elementos que la componen. El resultado nos muestra unos espacios multifuncionales en los que se desarrollan tareas como el cocinado de alimentos, el ciclo del pan o actividades textiles. Son espacios complejos que se relacionan con el resto de la vivienda, pero bajo parámetros precisos que garantan la salubridad y seguridad. Este trabajo aporta una visión innovadora, apoyada en una nueva lectura de los datos arqueológicos, que se aleja de los estereotipos existentes sobre estos espacios de la vivienda romana.
[gl] Este estudo ten como obxectivo caracterizar os espazos culinarios das vivendas romanas no actual territorio galego. Para isto, recompílanse un total de corenta espazos domésticos con funcións culinarias de xacementos de diversa tipoloxía. Posteriormente, analízanse en detalle sete casos concretos, algúns inéditos ata o momento. Por último, a partir do catálogo de cociñas e dos estudos de caso, coméntanse os exemplos recompilados en relación cos demais espazos que conforman a vivenda; así como a súa distribución interna e os principais elementos que a compoñen. O resultado móstranos uns espazos multifuncionais onde se desenvolven tarefas como o cociñado de alimentos, o ciclo do pan ou actividades téxtiles. Son espazos complexos relacionados co resto da vivenda, pero baixo parámetros precisos que garantan salubridade e seguridade. Este traballo achega unha visión innovadora, apoiada nunha nova lectura dos datos arqueolóxicos, que se afasta de estereotipos existentes sobre estes espazos da vivenda romana.
El altar mayor de la catedral de Santiago en tiempos del arzobispo Herrero Esgueva (1723-1727): el grabado del pintor Miguel Varela adquirido por un peregrino
Authors: Taín Guzmán Miguel
Published: July 2021

El peregrino francés Étienne Boret peregrinó a Compostela en 1749 y 1761. De su primera peregrinación se conserva su compostela, dos impresos sueltos con las listas de las reliquias de la catedral, así como un inédito y espléndido grabado de la capilla mayor dibujada por Miguel Varela. En este último se representa la escenografía barroca del recinto en tiempos del arzobispo Miguel Herrero Esgueva. Se trata del aparato construido entre las décadas de 1650 y 1670, siendo canónigo fabriquero José de Vega y Verdugo, para la presentación de la imagen medieval de Santiago in cathedra del altar mayor objeto del abrazo de los peregrinos; del Santiago Peregrino y los cuatro reyes españoles rindiéndole homenaje sobre el camarín; así como del Santiago Matamoros atacando cuatro sarracenos en el baldaquino. No obstante, el grabado documenta interesantes cambios posteriores, particularmente la platería añadida al altar, al camarín y a la estatua sedente del Apóstol, financiada por el arzobispo fray Antonio de Monroy (1685-1715) para enriquecer el escenario, siguiendo los postulados de la Contrarreforma.
[gl] O peregrino francés Étienne Boret fixo dúas peregrinacións a Compostela a primeira en 1749 e a segunda 1761. Proba da primeira é a súa compostela, dous impresos soltos coas listas das reliquias da catedral, así como un gravado inédito e espléndido da capela maior debuxada por Miguel Varela. Neste último represéntase a escenografía barroca do recinto en tempos do arcebispo Miguel Herrero Esgueva, e inclue elementos como a mesa do altar; o camarín coa imaxe medieval de Santiago en cathedra obxecto da aperta dos peregrinos; o Santiago Peregrino e os catro reis españois rendéndolle homenaxe; así como o baldaquino co Santiago Matamoruos atacando a catro sarracenos. Trátase do aparello para a presentación das tres esculturas xacobeas construído entre os anos 1650 e 1670, sendo cóengo fabriqueiro José de Vega y Verdugo. Non obstante, o gravado tamén documenta cambios posteriores interesantes, en particular a prata engadida á mesa do altar, ao camarín e á estatua sedente do Apóstolo, financiada polo arcebispo fray Antonio de Monroy (1685-1715) para enriquecer o escenario, seguindo os postulados da Contrarreforma.
Lectures légitimes, lectures illégitimes
Authors: Hommel Élodie
Published: July 2021

Les littératures de l’imaginaire, catégorie éditoriale qui regroupe science-fiction et fantasy, présentent des niveaux de légitimité variables selon les titres. Cet article propose une analyse des enjeux lectoraux liés à la légitimité ambiguë de ces productions chez les lecteurs et lectrices, en décrivant comment cette lecture soupçonnée d’illégitimité peut se transformer en une ressource sociale et culturelle. Après avoir évoqué les jugements auxquels font face les lecteurs et lectrices de science-fiction et fantasy, il montre comment la hiérarchie de légitimité interne au genre rend possible la mise en place de stratégies de distinction chez les individus à fort capital culturel, mais pas uniquement, à travers le choix des titres lus et les modes de lecture adoptés.
An Orchestra Faces the Test of Indeterminacy
Authors: Canonne Clément , Robert Alexandre
Published: July 2021

This article examines the collaboration between ONCEIM—an orchestra made up of about thirty musicians specialised in musical improvisation —and the pianist and improviser John Tilbury, from whom ONCEIM commissioned a piece entitled Sans. This process of musical creation was remarkable in that all participants had to work with a high degree of uncertainty regarding the nature of the project and, therefore, the distribution of roles and creative authority. This uncertainty permeated all aspects of the collaborative work that led up to the first public performance of Sans. The present paper is based on an ethnographic study of all the rehearsals John Tilbury and ONCEIM held together, as well as on semi-directed interviews conducted with various orchestra members. We first illustrate the deep ambivalence of John Tilbury’s attitude and preliminary instructions to the orchestra, which oscillated between two regulating approaches to musical activity. Next, we examine the various “prescriptive impulses” of some members of ONCEIM, which sought to fill the “vacuum of power” left by John Tilbury. Finally, within this largely indeterminate context of interaction, we show how musicians based their musical choices on deontic as well as organizational criteria.