bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intravitreal Aflibercept for Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation: Results of a Prospective Case Series at 96 Weeks
Authors: Browning Andrew C. , O’Brien Jill M. , Vieira Rute V. , Gupta Rajen , Nenova Kapka
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) is a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Untreated, the lesions are thought to be aggressive and lead to a poor visual outcome. Despite some limitations, studies reporting the treatment of RAP lesions with the intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs ranibizumab and bevacizumab have demonstrated variable but generally favourable responses. More recently, aflibercept has been licensed for the treatment of nAMD and may offer some advantages over other agents. We present the visual and anatomical outcomes at 96 weeks of patients with RAP lesions who were treated with intravitreal aflibercept, according to the pivotal VIEW study nAMD treatment protocol. Methods: This is a prospective study of treatment-naïve patients with Reading Centre-graded RAP lesions. The patients received aflibercept every 8 weeks, after 3 initial monthly injections, up to and including week 48. During weeks 52–96, patients received injections at least every 12 weeks, with monthly evaluations for interim injections if they fulfilled the retreatment criteria. At each visit, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) central macular thickness (CMT) were measured. Results: Forty-six patients reached study completion at week 96. Mean BCVA had improved by 6.0 (standard deviation [SD] 7.9) and 4.8 (SD 7.4) ETDRS letters at 52 (p = 0.003) and 96 (p = 0.02) weeks, respectively, from a baseline of 57.3 (SD 12.0) letters. At 52- and 96-week time points, 45/46 (98%) and 41/46 (89%) of patients, respectively, had maintained their vision (<15 letters of BCVA lost). At the 96-week time point, 13/46 (28%) of patients had gained ≥15 letters and also demonstrated a mean reduction in CMT of 162 μm (SD 106) (p = <0.0001), with 72% of maculae being fluid-free. Using univariate analysis, we found no significant difference between any of the visual outcome measures in this study and the pivotal VIEW study; the mean number of injections required and change in CMT were also similar. Conclusions: In this study, we present the 96-week results, of the largest series to date, of patients treated prospectively with aflibercept for RAP using the VIEW protocol. We show that they benefited from treatment to a degree similar to those with type 1 and 2 nAMD.
Repeated Injection of Methotrexate into Silicone Oil-Filled Eyes for Grade C Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nourinia Ramin , Borna Farinaz , Rahimi Anoushiravan , Jabbarpoor Bonyadi Mohammad Hossein , Amizadeh Yashar , Daneshtalab Arash , Kheiri Bahareh , Ahmadieh Hamid
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of repeated intra-silicone oil (SO) injections of methotrexate (MTX) on the outcomes of surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR-C). Methods: In this prospective pilot case series, eyes with RRD and PVR-C underwent pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular injection of SO. At the conclusion of the procedure, 250 µg of MTX was injected into the SO-filled vitreous cavity. Intra-SO injection was repeated at weeks 3 and 6; the minimum follow-up period was 6 months. The main outcome measure was retinal reattachment rate. Results: Eleven eyes of 11 patients (mean age, 52.73 ± 18.01 years) were included. The mean follow-up period was 9 ± 3 months (range, 6–15 months). Total retinal detachment with anterior and/or posterior PVR-C was present in all eyes before surgery. Mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 2.62 ± 0.04 logMAR. All operated eyes exhibited retinal reattachment posterior to the equator during the follow-up period. Mean postoperative BCVA was significantly improved to 1.02 ± 0.51 logMAR (p = 0.003). No ocular or systemic side effects were observed. Conclusion: Repeated intra-SO injection of MTX as an adjunctive therapy for RRD complicated by PVR showed promising results and was not associated with adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm its possible beneficial effects on the final anatomic and functional outcomes in these cases.
Aloperine Activates the PI3K/Akt Pathway and Protects Against Coronary Microembolisation-Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats
Authors: Mao Qing , Guo Fenfen , Liang Xiulin , Wu Yufu , Lu Yongxiang
Published: June 2019

Background: Coronary microembolisation (CME)-induced myocardial apoptosis is a key factor in progressive cardiac dysfunction. Aloperine (ALO) plays a protective role in the cardiovascular system, but its role and the mechanism ­underlying its protection against CME are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to verify whether ALO has a protective effect against CME-induced myocardial injury, as well as whether this effect has a relationship with regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway for rats. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into 4 equal groups: CME, CME + ALO, CME + ALO + LY294002 (LY) and a Sham group. Twelve hours after surgery, the rats’ cardiac function, apoptosis index, microinfarct and serum cardiac-troponin I (cTnI) level were measured. Levels of p-Akt, total Akt, Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were detected. Results: ALO improved cardiac dysfunction induced by CME, while also decreasing serum levels of cTnI and microinfarct areas. In addition, ALO inhibited myocardial apoptosis, which may have been partially as a result of downregulated cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, upregulated Bcl-2 and increased protein levels in phosphorylated Akt. However, these ALO effects were blocked if ALO was administered along with LY. Conclusions: ALO can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and consequently attenuate CME-induced myocardial injury. These functions are realised by activating PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
Le Retour de la Théodicée et le Défi de la « Théodicée du Retour »
Authors: Clavier Paul
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Francis Wolff a plus d’une corde à son arc. Outre sa défense et illustration de la « philosophie générale », outre sa promotion d’une métaphysique descriptive qui procède par figures empruntées aux Anciens, outre son ontologie anthropologique, outre sa philosophie de la musique, sans oublier sa philosophie taurine, Francis Wolff aborde le problème de la théodicée. Il le fait avec une force et une netteté peu communes. Non que le problème fût absent des esprits, mais son traitement pouvait avoir tendance à se couvrir de l’autorité de la chose jugée : « depuis Kant nous savons que toute théodicée est vouée à l’insuccès... Kierkegaard a bien montré que le mal se résout dans le désespoir, Hans Jonas nous a appris que Dieu, réduit à l’impuissance, n’est pour rien dans le mal qui défigure l’être humain... ». Sans ignorer ces considérations, Francis Wolff a inauguré un véritable « retour de la théodicée » sur la scène philosophique francophone, en réclamant un réexamen des termes mêmes du problème."
D'une Science Résistante, l'Autre
Authors: Cohen Daniel
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"À la grande époque des sciences humaines, lorsque le structuralisme régnait en maître, l’économie était une science paria, affligée d’un individualisme méthodologique de mauvais aloi. L’idée d’un l’homo economicus, sujet souverain faisant le calcul méticuleux de ses plaisirs et de ses peines, ne pesait pas lourd à l’heure de Foucault et Lacan. Francis Wolff, dans Notre humanité, d’Aristote aux neurosciences, fait cette remarque discrète mais essentielle aux yeux des économistes : avec le nouveau paradigme de l’homme neuronal, l’économie est revenue dans la grande maison des sciences humaines, et c’est la psychanalyse qui fait désormais chambre à part : « de même que l’homme structural avait l’économie pour science résistante, l’homme neuronal a la sienne, la psychanalyse... »."
Usages du "Je"
Authors: Longuenesse Béatrice
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Je me propose, dans cette présentation, de soutenir la thèse suivante : l’usage du « je » dans le langage et la pensée repose sur deux types bien distincts, et pourtant liés, de conscience de soi : conscience de sa propre existence corporelle, celle d’un corps vivant doté d’états mentaux ; et conscience d’être engagé dans une activité mentale qui consiste à établir une liaison raisonnée entre ses contenus mentaux."
Pourquoi le Bien ?
Authors: El Murr Dimitri
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"C’est un grand honneur et un immense plaisir que d’offrir les quelques réflexions platoniciennes qui suivent à Francis Wolff, qui fut mon caïman dès mon entrée à l’École Normale Supérieure en 1997. Elles lui sont offertes, avec toute mon amitié, en témoignage de l’extraordinaire enseignant et tuteur qu’il a été, particulièrement pour tous ceux qui ont choisi la voie en apparence austère (mais en apparence seulement) qu’est l’histoire de la philosophie antique."
Le Maître Inhumain
Authors: Graziani Romain
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Avoir un maître en Chine ancienne, c’est tenir sous les yeux non pas tant un professeur savant versé dans une matière particulière, qu’un modèle constant, total et omniprésent. Le maître, par différence avec le professeur ou l’instructeur, désigne le summum dans la typologie du pédagogue, qui s’échelonne de l’enseignement routinier conçu comme gagne-pain à l’influence transformatrice d’une présence tutélaire. Celui qui est tenu pour maître incarne une façon optimale d’exister et de se situer dans la vie en répondant de façon souple et sagace à la diversité des événements et des affaires sur le chemin parcouru. C’est là que réside la source de son autorité. Il enseigne de façon privilégiée en situation, par l’exemple, au gré, en repérant à l’occasion d’une rencontre de hasard, d’une péripétie de voyage, le profit à tirer pour ceux qui suivent ses pas. La valeur de cet enseignement tient plus à sa capacité de montrer la voie par sa démarche qu’à celle de démontrer une vérité par le langage."
Il Rapporto tra Anima e Corpo nel Vivente
Authors: Longo Angela
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Queste pagine trattano del vivente nel penultimo trattato plotiniano, il 53 (= Enn. I 1) dal titolo Che cos’è il vivente e che cos’è l’essere umano?. Si esaminerà in particolare la sezione di esso (cap. 3) che riguarda la separabilità dell’anima dal corpo nel vivente umano. Ivi il rapporto che si instaura tra i due componenti è descritto come un rapporto strumentale, nel senso che l’anima si serve del corpo come un artigiano si serve dei suoi strumenti. L’analisi del testo plotiniano permette di fare un parallelo con il filosofo contemporaneo Henri Bergson (1859-1941), nella misura in cui quest’ultimo, fine conoscitore del filosofo greco, parla del corpo come di uno strumento. A riguardo si approfondirà in particolare il concetto bergsoniano del rapporto tra mistica e tecnica nelle Conferenze di Madrid (1916) e nell’opera Le due fonti della morale e della religione (1932). Lo stimolo in tal senso è venuto da un libro di C. Zanfi (Bergson, la tecnica, la guerra. Una rilettura delle Due fonti, Bologna, Bononia University Press 2009) in cui si esamina la filosofia bergsoniana relativamente sia al corpo inteso come uno strumento sia al modo in cui la mistica dovrebbe guidare la tecnica, perché l’umanità non ne sia sopraffatta."
L’Humanisme Rationnel de FW (Francis Wolff)
Authors: Worms Frédéric
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Sous le nom d’« humanisme rationnel de FW », – c’est-à-dire ici bien sûr de Francis Wolff – nous n’entendons pas caractériser seulement la personnalité d’un homme, d’un philosophe et d’un ami, mais bel et bien définir une doctrine, et même une doctrine complète et centrale de notre temps, non seulement pour lui rendre l’hommage qu’elle exige, mais aussi pour reprendre la conversation avec elle et avec lui."
Discours
Authors: Crépon Marc
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Cher Francis, la meilleure façon de te rendre hommage aujourd’hui ce serait d’évoquer pour commencer tous ces bruits de couloirs qui agitent le pavillon Pasteur depuis quelques semaines.« Comment allons nous faire quand Francis sera parti à la retraite ? Qui va s’occuper des Lundis de la Philosophie ? » Toi encore, j’espère.Qui va, comme tu l’as fait toutes ces dernières années guider, conseiller, orienter les élèves dans le choix de leur sujet de thèse, la rédaction de leur projet et la détermination si importante de son encadrement ? Qui enfin les initiera à la philosophie ancienne ?Toutes ces questions pour dire que je ne vois pas très bien finalement pourquoi nous sommes réunis ici ce soir car il n’est tout simplement pas vraiment imaginable que tu partes ; et que nous allons déployer tous les trésors d’imagination possibles pour te retenir le plus possible, pour faire en sorte que tu restes encore dans les couloirs du pavillon Pasteur."
Le Noyau et le Fondement
Authors: Mittelmann Jorge
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Dans une étude dédiée au livre Z de la Métaphysique d’Aristote, Francis Wolff avança une hypothèse novatrice, qui allait à l’encontre de l’opinion reçue selon laquelle les critères successifs qu’Aristote énonce au cours de ce livre débouchent sur deux réponses incompatibles à la question de savoir qu’elle est l’ousia : soit on se laisse guider par la recherche d’un sujet qui n’est jamais prédicat, en « déshabillant » chaque réalité sensible jusqu’à y trouver une pure matière ; soit on se tourne plutôt vers le noyau définissable que chaque réalité porte en elle-même, pour mettre à nu son essence comme réponse logique (λογικῶς) à la question « qu’est- ce que c’est ». Ces deux orientations, censées être « exclusives », recoupent la double démarche historique attestée déjà dans le livre A, où le clivage opposait les naturalistes, épris du substrat, aux socratiques et platoniciens, qui cherchent l’immuable non pas dans la matière, mais dans les formes et quiddités définissables."
Signification et Portée de l’Idée du Bien chez Platon
Authors: Cámara Begoña Ramon
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Le but du présent travail est d’exposer succinctement une lecture de la conception platonicienne du Bien qui permette de décrire la nature du Bien platonicien avec clarté et concision. Nous soutenons l’idée que le Bien présente une importante complexité sémantique qui, tout en prenant acte de la plurivocité, voire du caractère contradictoire de la notion, n’empêche pas toutefois de concilier les diverses significations et fonctions que le philosophe y façonne. Le présent travail tente donc d’apporter une définition du contenu et du sens de cette notion unitaire et cohérente du Bien."
Sur Protagoras 351c4-5 et 352b3-c2
Authors: Zingano Marco
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Le Protagoras est sûrement l’un des plus beaux dialogues de Platon. Il est traditionnellement placé parmi les dialogues socratiques de Platon, en compagnie, entre autres, du Lachès, de l’Euthyphron et du Charmide. Ces derniers dialogues examinent une vertu en particulier (respectivement : le courage, la piété, la tempérance), alors que, dans le Protagoras, il s’agit de comprendre non pas une certaine vertu, mais l’unité même des vertus. Par là, il se distingue déjà de ces dialogues, tout en restant dans le cadre des rencontres socratiques caractéristiques de la première période de la production intellectuelle de Platon. [...] Je voudrais, dans ce petit essai, revisiter les arguments produits par Socrate pour soutenir l’unité des vertus."
O beijo da morte e o seu contexto cultural e social
Authors: Nunez German Alfonso
Published: June 2019

Neste texto, averiguamos a emergência das práticas artísticas englobadas pelo termo Arte, Ciência e Tecnologia (ACT) nos Estados Unidos e na Europa. Normalmente reconhecida pelos rótulos de Arte Digital ou Tecnológica, a ACT é uma designação generalista que discutivelmente engloba as práticas artísticas preocupadas com a adoção, teorização e difusão das novas tecnologias oriundas do pós-guerra. Não obstante, argumentamos que é a configuração institucional que melhor demarca a fronteira da ACT. Por meio de uma leitura despreocupada em legitimar essa produção, recordamos o contexto social e cultural que possibilitou o seu surgimento. O resultado é a constatação de uma prática isolada, com alto grau de especialização e, principalmente, com um alto grau de autonomia em relação à arte contemporânea.
Conversation between Monica Tavares and Eduardo Navas
Authors: Navas Eduardo , Tavares Monica
Published: June 2019

This text results of a conversation between Monica Tavares and Eduardo Navas about the act of remixing. It is a reflection on the subjects discussed in the articles delivered by the students of the course “Principles of Data Analysis and Remix” taught in March 2015 in the Postgraduate Program in Visual Arts at USP, under responsibility of Professors Dr. Monica Tavares and Dr. Eduardo Navas. The course introduced basic principles of data visualization and their relation to the principles of remixing. An emphasis was placed on analyzing information, while also developing strong design skills. The relation between image and text was explored, which means that students learned how to analyze content and form while understanding their similarities and differences.
Decreases in Blood Pressure During Thrombectomy Are Associated With Larger Infarct Volumes and Worse Functional Outcome
Authors: Petersen Nils H. , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Wang Anson , Lopez Gloria V. , Strander Sumita , Kodali Sreeja , Silverman Andrew , Zheng-Lin Binbin , Dandapat Sudeepta , Sansing Lauren H. , Schindler Joseph L. , Falcone Guido J. , Gilmore Emily J. , Amin Hardik , Cord Branden , Hebert Ryan M. , Matouk Charles , Sheth Kevin N.
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

After large-vessel intracranial occlusion, the fate of the ischemic penumbra, and ultimately final infarct volume, largely depends on tissue perfusion. In this study, we evaluated whether blood pressure reduction and sustained relative hypotension during endovascular thrombectomy are associated with infarct progression and functional outcome.

Methods—

We identified consecutive patients with large-vessel intracranial occlusion ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at 2 comprehensive stroke centers. Intraprocedural mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored throughout the procedure. ΔMAP was calculated as the difference between admission MAP and lowest MAP during endovascular thrombectomy until recanalization. Sustained hypotension was measured as the area between admission MAP and continuous measurements of intraprocedural MAP (aMAP). Final infarct volume was measured using magnetic resonance imaging at 24 hours, and functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale at discharge and 90 days. Associations with outcome were analyzed using linear and ordinal multivariable logistic regression.

Results—

Three hundred ninety patients (mean age 71±14 years, mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 17) were included in the study; of these, 280 (72%) achieved Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2B/3 reperfusion. Eighty-seven percent of patients experienced MAP reductions during endovascular thrombectomy (mean 31±20 mm Hg). ΔMAP was associated with greater infarct growth (
P
=0.036) and final infarct volume (
P
=0.035). Mean ΔMAP among patients with favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) was 20±21 mm Hg compared with 30±24 mm Hg among patients with poor outcome (
P
=0.002). In the multivariable analysis, ΔMAP was independently associated with higher (worse) modified Rankin Scale scores at discharge (adjusted odds ratio per 10 mm Hg, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04–1.32;
P
=0.009) and at 90 days (adjusted odds ratio per 10 mm Hg, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07–1.38;
P
=0.003). The association between aMAP and outcome was also significant at discharge (
P
=0.002) and 90 days (
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—

Blood pressure reduction before recanalization is associated with larger infarct volumes and worse functional outcomes for patients affected by large-vessel intracranial occlusion stroke. These results underscore the importance of BP management during endovascular thrombectomy and highlight the need for further investigation of blood pressure management after large-vessel intracranial occlusion stroke.
On the Whitney Independent Study Program: A Conversation with Ron Clark
Authors: Buchloh Benjamin H. D.
Published: June 2019

A conversation between Benjamin Buchloh and Ron Clark on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the Whitney Independent Study Program, which Clark has directed from the very beginning.
Interdependent Study
Authors: Foster Hal
Published: June 2019

A long-time contributor to the Whitney Independent Study Program, Hal Foster discusses how the program has evolved over the years and how his approach to criticism has evolved along with it.
A Seat at the Table: Notes of an Institutional Creature
Authors: Copeland Huey
Published: June 2019

In this article, occasioned by the fiftieth-anniversary of the Whitney Independent Study Program, art-historian Huey Copeland considers the vexed intersections of blackness, gender, and institutional critique in the contemporary art world as modeled both by his own practice and that of David Hammons.
D37
Authors: Rowland Cameron
Published: June 2019

Artist Cameron Rowland presents texts written as part of the exhibition D37 at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, from October 14, 2018, to March 11, 2019. The accompanying images document the works included in the exhibition.
Labor Regulations and the Cost of Corruption: Evidence from the Indian Firm Size Distribution
Authors: Amirapu Amrit , Gechter Michael
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we estimate the costs associated with an important suite of labor regulations in India by taking advantage of the fact that these regulations apply only to firms above a size threshold. Using distortions in the firm size distribution together with a structural model of firm size choice, we estimate that the regulations increase firms' unit labor costs by 35%. This estimate is robust to potential misreporting on the part of firms and enumerators. We also document a robust positive association between regulatory costs and exposure to corruption, which may explain why regulations appear to be so costly in developing countries.
How morphology and thermal ecology relates to diurnal microhabitat use and selection across seasons in two habitats of the nocturnal Tarentola delalandii from Tenerife
Authors: de Fuentes-Fernández María , Suárez-Rancel Ma Mercedes , Molina-Borja Miguel
Published: June 2019

Many selective pressures modulate microhabitat choice of ectotherms, such as temperature, humidity and habitat heterogeneity, and these vary in space and time. Here we analysed: 1) microhabitat selection comparing characteristics of stones (and their surroundings) under which geckos (Tarentola delalandii, mainly nocturnal) were found during the day with that of stones selected randomly; 2) relationship of a measure of body size to microhabitat characteristics (stone and herb covers, etc., and temperature/humidity) and cloacal temperature of males, females and juveniles from two contrasting habitats of Tenerife (northern and southern localities) and in two periods of the year (Spring-Summer and Autumn-Winter). In comparison with randomly selected stones, geckos significantly selected stones with lower temperature in the Spring-Summer and microhabitats with high stone cover. Gecko size was significantly larger in the Northern than in the Southern locality, in spring – summer than in autumn – winter and in males than in females. In both populations and time periods, the largest body sizes were significantly associated with higher environmental and shelter temperatures and with low values of humidity and stone cover. Cloacal and shelter temperatures were positively and significantly related; at higher values of the latter, juveniles attained significantly higher temperatures than adult males but lower than that of females. Larger body size was associated with high shrub and leaf litter covers and high values of shelter dimensions. Therefore, we suggest that in relation to their body sizes, geckos seem to select their shelters considering specific microhabitat characteristics surrounding them that may provide thermoregulatory and/or antipredator profits.
LEGAL RIGHTS AND WOMEN'S AUTONOMY: CAN FAMILY LAW REFORM IN MUSLIM COUNTRIES AVOID THE CONTRADICTIONS OF VICTORIAN DOMESTICITY?
Authors: Wright Danaya
Published: June 2019

In early- and mid-nineteenth century England, numerous law reformers targeted the law of coverture. Under this law married women lost custody of children, lost any property they brought, could not make a will or enter into a contract once they married, and they could not seek a divorce if their marriage broke down under the doctrine that husband and wife were a single unit before the law. The discourse of the reform debates, however, presented women as either violent and intemperate, and thus requiring the chains of coverture to keep them from bringing down the pillars of civil society. Or, they were seen as victims in sore need of the law's protection from violent and intemperate men. At no time were they viewed as legal agents, capable of exercising rights responsibly or as rational actors, who could be entrusted with the care and control of raising children single-handedly. But as the law changed to accommodate demands for women's rights, it is clear that women did not destroy civil society, nor have they attained equal power and autonomy with men. Thus, in looking at the reforms, and the forces that inhibited the reforms in Victorian England, we can begin to think more critically about how law reforms occur, how men and women are situated, and how barriers to equality frustrate legal change. With that history, I believe we are better situated to understand the demands for change in family law and women's rights in Muslim countries. Much of the rhetoric is ironically familiar. And I argue that knowledge of the pitfalls that threatened legal change in the Anglo-American west can help us avoid them in law reform arenas across the Muslim world. Of course, it is not simply that by learning our history we can hope not to repeat it. Rather, by understanding the complex interplay of reformist arguments and conservative pressures, we are better able to see beneath the rhetoric to the power structures inhibiting women's autonomy that lurk beneath the surface.
Kinship, Expectations, and God
Authors: Hershkovits Keren Abbou
Published: June 2019

The conquest of the Middle East by Muslims ultimately resulted in the Islamization of the region. The long process by which this took place awaits clarification. Conversion narratives, permitting us a glimpse into relations between Muslims, non-Muslims, and converts, might serve to elucidate this process. This study examines how different families responded to religious conversion within their ranks. It will show that in early Islam, individuals moved between different spheres, all the while negotiating their roles and commitments. Rather than considering the act of conversion itself, this study engages with the range of responses generated by conversion that were recorded by medieval historians, biographers, and ḥadīth collectors. The present contribution seeks to demonstrate, through anecdotes of conversion, the ways in which kinship ties functioned in the face of shifts in personal status. I also hope to show that boundaries between religious communities (to the extent that they indeed existed) were much more porous, or perceived as such, than has been previously thought. The anecdotes concern the early days of Islam among pagans and shed light on communities’ reception or rejection of Muḥammad’s call.
The λεπάς in Alcaeus
Authors: Buè Francesco
Published: June 2019

In the Alcaeus fragment 359 Voigt, the philological problems are linked not only with an unclear textual tra dition, but also with the interesting and unexpected association between the λεπάς (a type of shellfish) and the tortoise (χέλυς): this ambiguous linkage is created by the poet to arouse an emphatic effect in his audience. The historical and philological elements provided by Athenaeus in his quotation of the poem lead most scholars to accept the textual conclusions of Wilamowitz (χέλυς instead of λεπάς). Nevertheless, the exegetical reading proposed by the German philologist (i.e. a riddle) can be put in doubt and replaced by a new interpretation based on the analysis of the context in which the poem is cited (a gastronomic passage of the Deipnosophists) and on that of the original performance (the banquet of Alcaeus and his ἑταιρεία). In light of this analysis, the little more than two Alcaic verses can be interpreted as a metaphorical apostrophe. In fact, Alcaeus seems to address the shellfish λεπάς and nickname it χέλυς, arousing a highly ironic effect among the συµπόται. This figure of speech is based on the capacity of both the λεπάς and χέλυς to be used to make sounds, even though the differences between these two elements of the symposium make the association paradoxical. A series of several fish-plates provided at the end of the article draws attention to the presence of shellfish—which seems to be less evident than the presence of the χέλυς—at the ancient Greek symposia.
Aristoxenus Harm. ii, 49.1-50.18 Da Rios
Authors: Barker Andrew
Published: June 2019

The article reconsiders questions about the identity of the notation to which Aristoxenus refers at Harm. ii, 49.1 ff. In previous publications I had drawn attention to difficulties in identifying it as the familiar ‘Alypian’ notation, and here I try to answer the objections I had raised to that hypothesis. If my answers are adequate, the notation could indeed be the Alypian one, but I also consider the possibility that it might be another form of notation, known only from a passage of Aristides Quintilianus. The target of Aristoxenus’ comments could be either of these two notations; or perhaps he intended his remarks to apply to both of them equally.
Classical Metre and the Music of the Renaissance
Authors: Panegyres Konstantine
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the reception of classical poetic metre in Renaissance music.
Aristotle on the Power of Music in Tragedy
Authors: Destrée Pierre
Published: June 2019

Against the almost undisputed communis opinio among interpreters of the Poetics, I argue that spectacle in general, and music in particular are of crucial importance in Aristotle’s conception of tragedy. In enhancing the spectators’ emotions of pity and fear, music (i.e. aulos music) contributes to obtaining the pleasure ‘proper’ to tragedy which, as Aristotle says, “comes from pity and fear through mimesis”.
Choreography of Lupercalia
Authors: Alonso Fernández Zoa
Published: June 2019

In this paper, I apply the methodologies of dance studies and cultural studies of the body to an analysis of the Roman Lupercalia. Focusing on the corporeality of the participants as the most striking component of the performance, I demonstrate that the physicality of these bodies and their mobility through the city of Rome not only transmit but also generate cultural significance, which is crucial for understanding the role of dance in Roman public rituals and its consequent part in the construction of Roman identities.
Music in the Time of Vergil
Authors: Moore Timothy J.
Published: June 2019

The twenty-eight papers delivered at a symposium entitled “Music in the Time of Vergil”, sponsored by the Vergilian Society in June 2016, suggest a number of areas where promising research can continue to be done in the field of Roman music. These include the Realien of Roman music, the role of musical imagery in Latin poetry, Greek elements in Roman music, Roman attitudes to music and musical change, musical responses to political developments, and the influence of Rome on the music of the modern world.
Music, Craft, and Technology in the Similes in Vergil’s Aeneid
Authors: Beck Deborah
Published: June 2019

Human beings in epic similes often rely on forms of specialized expertise to make new things and to create order in the world around them. The ways that the similes in a given epic poem represent craft and technology convey fundamental points about the larger world view of that poem in relation to human beings and the contours of epic poetry. A simile featuring a singer or poet in particular invites the audience of a poem to draw parallels between the musical simile and the epic poem in which it appears. The single musical simile in the Aeneid, 7.699-702, creates a portrait of the limits of human agency, the nature of group identity and musical performance, and the qualities of the Aeneid as an epic poem. The themes and modes of presentation in this simile are characteristic of the ‘song’ that Vergil has created with his own Aeneid.
Classical Metre and Modern Music
Authors: Panegyres Konstantine
Published: June 2019

This article explores the influence of Greek metre on modern music. It begins by looking at how composers and theorists debated Greek metre from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, before focusing more extensively on twentieth century and contemporary material. The article seeks to show that Greek metre for a long time played an important role in the development of Western music theory, but that in more recent times its influence has diminished. One significant development discussed is the influence of Greek metrics on musical Modernism in the early twentieth century. The article is intended as a contribution to our understanding of the reception of ancient metrics in connection with musical developments.
New Music and Dancing Prostitutes
Authors: Gianvittorio Laura
Published: June 2019

Old Comedy often brings prostitute-like dancers on stage while parodying the New Music. This paper argues that such dances were reminiscent of sex practices, and supports this view with dance-historical and semantic evidence. For the history of Greek dance, I survey the literary evidence for the existence of a dance tradition that represents lovers and their acts, and which would easily provide Comedy with dance vocabulary to distort. The semantic analysis of three comic passages, all criticising the New Music in sexual terms, shows a consistent overlapping between the semantic fields of eroticism and of bodily movement, with several terms indicating both figures of lovemaking and figures of dance. By performing comically revisited erotic dances or by verbally alluding to them, prostitutes would powerfully embody the conservative criticism of Old Comedy against the new trends in dance promoted by the New Music.
The Delphic Paeans of Athenaios and Limenios between Old and New Music
Authors: Pöhlmann Egert
Published: June 2019

Currently, there are only 64 extant fragments of ancient Greek music, of which the bulk belongs to imperial times. Thus, the musical evidence for ‘New Music’, which had its climax in the second half of the 5th century, is limited. Nevertheless, one important observation is possible: fragments from classical times, which belong to antistrophic compositions, use melodies which do not mirror the prosody of the texts and simply repeat the melody of the strophe in the antistrophe. But all fragments in astrophic form have melodies which follow the prosody of the respective texts closely. This overturn is connected with Melanippides, who in the dithyramb replaced the strophic form with the free astrophic form, to the advantage of musical mimesis. Moreover, the polemics of Old Comedy provide evidence for melodic extravagances which depict highlights of the text. The Delphic Paeans are the heirs to these novelties.
Fifteen Years of Enquiries in Ancient Greek and Roman Music (2004–2018)
Authors: Pöhlmann Egert
Published: June 2019

Every summer, from July 2004 to July 2011, the Music Department at the Ionian University in Corfu (Greece) held a week-long Seminar on Ancient Greek and Roman Music, attended by students and scholars from all over the world, contributing to the formation of younger generations of researchers in the field. In 2012, because of the financial crisis in Greece, the annual seminar had to be cancelled: but in 2014 it was revived in Riva del Garda (Italy) thanks to the joint support of the MOISA and the ARION Societies and has taken place every year since then.
A revision of Aleurodicus Douglas (Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae), with two new genera proposed for palaeotropical natives and an identification guide to world genera of Aleurodicinae
Authors: MARTIN JON H.
Published: June 2019

The genus Aleurodicus is discussed in the context of the whole subfamily Aleurodicinae, and is fully revised with 35 species now included, 10 of them newly described here. The genus Lecanoideus Quaintance & Baker is here regarded as a junior synonym of Aleurodicus syn. nov., and Aleurodicus fucatus Bondar is proposed as a junior synonym of A. capiangae Bondar syn. nov.. Palaealeurodicus gen. nov. is described to accommodate six native Asian species hitherto included in Aleurodicus, along with one new species here described. Aleuroctarthrus gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate Aleurodicus destructor Mackie. Two species are here transferred from Aleurodicus to other genera. Puparial keys are provided to the worldwide genera of Aleurodicinae, and to the described species of Aleurodicus and Palaealeurodicus. Lectotypes are here designated for 11 species of Aleurodicinae, and a neotype for one species. A check list is provided to all the species treated in this paper. The paper is illustrated with 144 figures including 7 plates of habitus photographs.
Redescription of Rhopalopsole hamata Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based on the male, female, and nymph, with notes on the R. dentata group from China
Authors: CHEN ZHI-TENG
Published: June 2019

The male, female, and nymph of the leuctrid Rhopalopsole hamata Yang & Yang, 1995, originally known from Zhejiang, an eastern coastal province of China, are redescribed and illustrated. This new material is from Jiangsu, an eastern-central coastal province of China. Brief biological data is also provided for this species. In addition, a species checklist of the Rhopalopsole dentata group from China is provided. The type localities of these group are mainly in the coastal areas of southeastern China.
Comparative morphology and taxonomy of the tiger moth genus Epanycles Butler (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini, Ctenuchina), with notes on related genera
Authors: ARAUJO ELIAS C. , PINHEIRO LÍVIA R. , DUARTE MARCELO
Published: June 2019

We studied the Neotropical genera Epanycles Butler, Sciopsyche Butler and Episcepsis Butler. We investigated the delimitation of Epanycles, which at the beginning of this work was monotypic, but had a history of other species placed in it, all of which are currently placed in genera to which they do not belong. Indeed, we found Epanycles to include only its type species, Euchromia imperialis Walker, here redescribed based on external and genitalic characters of both sexes from specimens covering most of its known geographical distribution. Our investigation included detailed studies of the species previously placed in Epanycles (Hyaleucerea gigantea (Druce) and Eucereon obscurum (Möschler)), and of species belonging to genera putatively closely related to it: Sciopsyche tropica (Walker), Episcepsis venata Butler, Episcepsis endodasia Hampson and Episcepsis luctuosa (Möschler). The characters separating all these taxa from Epanycles are discussed, and a mistake in the publication of Episcepsis atlantica Pinheiro & Araujo Jr. is corrected. The habitus and genitalia of the species herein treated are illustrated.
New species of Grotea Cresson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Labeninae) from Brazil and Suriname
Authors: HERRERA-FLÓREZ ANDRÉS FABIÁN , PENTEADO-DIAS ANGELICA
Published: June 2019

Four new species of Grotea Cresson are described: Grotea goianiense Herrera-Flórez sp. n., G. paulista Herrera-Flórez sp. n. and G. amazonensis Herrera-Flórez sp. n. from Brazil and G. surinamese Herrera-Flórez sp. n. from Suriname. An identification key to Brazilian and Suriname species of this genus is given. New descriptions for G. delicator (Thunberg 1822) and G. perplexa Slobodchikoff 1970 are provided.
Rediscovery of Micryletta inornata (Boulenger, 1890) from Sumatra: redescription, molecular identity, and taxonomic implications
Authors: ALHADI FARITS , HAMIDY AMIR , FARAJALLAH ACHMAD , MUNIR MIsBAHUL , ATMAJA VESTIDHIA Y. , GARG SONALI , BIJU S. D. , SMITH ERIC N.
Published: June 2019

Micryletta inornata (Boulenger 1890), the type species of the genus Micryletta, was originally described from the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. Subsequently, this species has been widely reported from Sundaland (Sumatra and Malay Peninsula), Indo-China, Northeast India and South Andaman, up to southern China and Taiwan. However, since the original description there has been no further report of this species from the type locality or the island. During a herpetofaunal survey in Sumatra, several specimens that are morphologically concordant with the original description and the syntypes of M. inornata were found, and thus the species was rediscovered after 125 years. Here, we provide a redescription of the species based on the freshly collected specimens, along with a detailed morphological and molecular comparison with known congeners. Further, using molecular data from the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, our study recovered the Sumatran M. inornata as a phylogenetically distinct lineage from all other populations previously referred to this species. This confirms that all known Micryletta ‘inornata’ populations from regions outside Sumatra constitute several other lineages representing either new species or previously available names currently considered as synonyms, consequently requiring taxonomic validation in the future.
Revision Stapes Surgery in a Tertiary Referral Center: Surgical and Audiometric Outcomes
Authors: Blijleven Esther E. , Wegner Inge , Tange Rinze A. , Thomeer Hans G.X.M.
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

To evaluate pure-tone audiometric results in otosclerosis patients undergoing revision stapes surgery following previous middle ear interventions.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary referral center. Consecutive otosclerosis patients who underwent revision stapes surgeries, following previous middle ear interventions, for persistent conductive hearing loss, recurrent conductive hearing loss, or vertigo and had available postoperative pure-tone audiometry were included. Mean pre- and postoperative air conduction, bone conduction, and air-bone gap averaged over 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz were obtained. Audiometric outcomes were obtained at 7 weeks postoperatively.

Results:

In total, 63 consecutive otosclerosis patients who underwent 66 revision stapes surgeries were included. Air-bone gap improved significantly with a mean gain of 19 dB (95% CI, 15-22). Air conduction improved significantly with a mean gain of 18 dB (95% CI, 14-23). Bone conduction did not change significantly, with a mean deterioration of 0 dB (95% CI, –2 to 1). Air-bone gap closure to 10 dB or less was achieved in 38% of cases and to 20 dB or less in 80% of cases. Indication for surgery, previous type of procedure, primary cause of failure, and current surgical technique were not significantly associated with air-bone gap closure to 10 dB or less. Indication for surgery and primary cause of failure were associated with one another.

Conclusions:

Compared to the available literature, a slightly larger gain in air conduction and air-bone gap was achieved in our study. Air-bone gap closure to 10 dB or less was achieved less often in our study.
Small Cell Carcinoma in the Head and Neck
Authors: Wakasaki Takahiro , Yasumatsu Ryuji , Masuda Muneyuki , Matsuo Mioko , Tamae Akihiro , Kubo Kazuhiko , Kogo Ryunosuke , Uchi Ryutaro , Taura Masahiko , Nakagawa Takashi
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

Small cell carcinomas in extrapulmonary sites (ESmCCs) are very rare. ESmCCs originating in the head and neck account for approximately 10% of all ESmCCs, and there are few reports about this disease. ESmCCs have an aggressive natural history characterized by widespread metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with ESmCCs of the head and neck.

Methods:

The outcomes of 21 patients with ESmCCs of the head and neck treated between January 2001 and December 2015 at the authors’ hospital and associated facilities were reviewed.

Results:

There were 18 men and 3 women, and the median age was 74 years (range, 53-91 years). The tumor site was the larynx in 6 patients; the paranasal sinus in 5; the hypopharynx in 3; the oropharynx in 2; the nasopharynx in 2; and the oral cavity, salivary gland, and primary unknown in 1 patient each. The extent of the disease was staged as follows: stage I or II, 3 cases; stage III, 4 cases; stage IVA, 9 cases; stage IVB, 1 case; and stage IVC, 4 cases. The median observation time was 17 months (range, 1-103 months). Four patients (19%) had distant metastasis at initial treatment, and 13 patients (62%) developed distant metastasis within 3 years. Treatments were administered, including radical surgery (9 patients), radiation therapy (5 patients), chemoradiotherapy (7 patients), and chemotherapy (6 patients). The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates of patients were 56% and 37%, respectively. More than half of the patients died of distant metastasis.

Conclusions:

ESmCCs of the head and neck have a poor prognosis, similar to those of carcinomas in many other sites. Control of distant metastasis would contribute to improving the prognosis of ESmCCs of the head and neck. Further studies are required for better understanding these disease entities and their response to treatment modalities.
Type I Posterior Glottic Stenosis: Natural History and In-Office Management
Authors: Silva Merea Valeria , Sadoughi Babak
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

To review the natural history of type I posterior glottic stenosis (PGS-I) and its treatment outcomes through a case presentation and demonstrate the feasibility of in-office management of PGS-I.

Methods:

The case of a middle-aged woman who developed PGS-I after prolonged intubation is presented. A review of the literature on management and treatment outcomes of PGS-I is also performed.

Results:

Initially presenting with a large granuloma that failed conservative management, the patient deferred surgical intervention and developed unilateral vocal fold hypomobility with posterior glottic synechia. The adhesion was successfully ablated in the office with potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser; however, vocal fold hypomobility persisted after treatment.

Conclusions:

This case illustrates the natural history of the development of PGS-I, demonstrates the feasibility of office-based management of this condition, and provides further evidence that lysis of PGS-I synechia does not uniformly lead to restoration of normal laryngeal function and mobility.