bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Cultural Responsiveness Among European American Principals in Rural Schools With High-Performing African American Readers
Authors: Jones Brandolyn E. , Bustamante Rebecca M. , Gray Pamela , Brooks Benita R.
Published: March 2019

A comparative case study approach was applied to explore the extent of cultural responsiveness of two European American principals working in two select rural elementary schools where African American students consistently scored high on reading achievement tests. Results suggested African American students’ high levels of reading performance in the rural school environments were influenced largely by synergistic systems of community integration, culturally relevant leadership practices, and teacher professional development. Recommendations for practicing rural principals, principal preparation programs, and educational researchers are shared.
Rethinking Design-Based Approaches for School-Based Improvement: The Experience of the TAMAM Project
Authors: Akkary Rima Karami , DeKnight Jennifer
Published: March 2019

The School Based Reform in Arab Countries (TAMAM) project aims to build leadership capacity for school-based reform. This paper asks: (a) To what extent can a design-based approach frame the design of school improvement projects such as TAMAM? (b) What characteristics of design-based approaches are most relevant to guide the design of school-based improvement projects? Results of the qualitative analysis demonstrate that a design-based approach can be used to describe TAMAM and highlight the most important elements. This study proposes that design-based approaches be used for designing and describing comparable school-based improvement initiatives, especially in contexts similar to the Arab region.
A holistic methodology to correct heat transfer and bearing friction losses from hot turbocharger maps in order to obtain adiabatic efficiency of the turbomachinery
Authors: Serrano José R , Olmeda Pablo , Arnau Francisco J , Samala Vishnu
Published: March 2019

Turbocharger performance maps provided by manufacturers are usually far from the assumption of reproducing the isentropic performance. The reason being, those maps are usually measured using a hot gas stand. The definition of the effective turbocharger efficiency maps include the mechanical losses and heat transfer that has occurred during the gas stand test for the turbine maps and only the heat transfer for the compressor maps. Thus, a turbocharger engine model that uses these maps provides accurate results only when simulating turbocharger operative conditions similar to those at which the maps are recorded. However, for some critical situations such as Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycles (WLTC) driving cycle or off-design conditions, it is difficult to ensure this assumption. In this article, an internal and external heat transfer model combined with mechanical losses model, both previously developed and calibrated, has been used as an original tool to ascertain a calculation procedure to obtain adiabatic maps from diabatic standard turbocharger maps. The turbocharger working operative conditions at the time of map measurements and geometrical information of the turbocharger are necessary to discount both effects precisely. However, the maps from turbocharger manufacturers do not include all required information. These create additional challenges to develop the procedure to obtain approximated adiabatic maps making some assumptions based on SAE standards for non-available data. A sensitivity study has been included in this article to check the validity of the hypothesis proposed by changing the values of parameters which are not included in the map data. The proposed procedure becomes a valuable tool either for Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to parameterize turbocharger performance accurately for benchmarking and turbocharged engine design or to turbocharger manufacturers to provide much-appreciated information of their performance maps.
Inhibitory Effects of HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) Combined With Afatinib on H1975 Lung Cancer Cell–Bearing Mice
Authors: Kang Hwa Jeong , Kim Jeehye , Cho Seong Hyeok , Park So-Jung , Yoo Hwa-Seung , Kang In-Cheol
Published: March 2019

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive non–small cell lung cancer is cared for mainly by target therapeutics in the clinical treatment at present. We investigated the antitumor effect of HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) combined with afatinib on H1975 (L858R/T790M double mutation) lung cancer cells. The combined treatment of HAD-B1 with afatinib inhibited the proliferation of H1975 cells in a dose-dependent manner compared with the treatment of afatinib or HAD-B1 alone. The combined treatment group significantly induced early apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of the cells compared with afatinib- or HAD-B1-treated control group. Profile analysis of cell cycle proteins in H1975 cells treated with the combination of HAD-B1 and afatinib using InnoPharmaScreen antibody microarray showed downregulation of pERK1/2 and upregulation of p16 in the cells. In vivo tumor growth assay in xenograft animal model of human H1975 lung cancer cells revealed that the mean tumor volume in the group treated with the combination of HAD-B1 and afatinib showed a significant reduction compared with the control groups.
A novel framework for face recognition using robust local representation–based classification
Authors: Yu Aihua , Li Gang , Hou Beiping , Wang Hongan , Zhou Gaoya
Published: March 2019

Face recognition via representation-based classification is a trending technique in the recent years. However, the recognition performance of the systems using such a technique degrades in an unconstrained environment. In this article, a novel framework is proposed for representation-based face recognition. To deal with the unconstrained environment, a pre-process is used to frontalize face images, and aligned downsampling local binary pattern features of the frontalized images are used for classification. A dimension reduction is then adopted in order to reduce the computation complexity via an optimized projection matrix. The recognition is carried out using an improved robust sparse coding algorithm. Such an algorithm is expected to avoid the overfitting problem. The open-universe test on labeled faces in the wild data sets shows that the recognition rate of the proposed system can reach 95% with a recall rate of 80%, which is best among those representation-based classification face recognition systems.
Longitudinal FDG-PET scan study of brain changes in mice with cancer-induced bone pain and after morphine analgesia
Authors: Lin Wen-Ying , Chu Wen-Hua , Chao Tzu-Hao Harry , Sun Wen-Zen , Yen Chen-Tung
Published: March 2019

Morphine is the most commonly used drug for treating physical and psychological suffering caused by advanced cancer. Although morphine is known to elicit multiple supraspinal analgesic effects, its behavioral correlates with respect to the whole-brain metabolic activity during cancer-induced bone pain have not been elucidated. We injected 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells into the left femur bone marrow cavity of BALB/c mice. All mice developed limb use deficits, mechanical allodynia, and hypersensitivity to cold, which were effectively suppressed with morphine. Serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) was performed for each mouse before cancer induction (0 day), after cancer-induced bone pain was established (14 days), and during effective morphine treatment (16 days). The longitudinal FDG-PET imaging analysis demonstrated that cancer-induced bone pain increased glucose uptake in the insular cortex and hypothalamus and decreased the activity of the retrosplenial cortex. Morphine reversed the activation of the insular cortex and hypothalamus. Furthermore, morphine activated the amygdala and rostral ventromedial medulla and suppressed the activity of anterior cingulate cortex. Our findings of hypothalamic and insular cortical activation support the hypothesis that cancer-induced bone pain has strong inflammatory and affective components in freely moving animals. Morphine may provide descending inhibitory and facilitatory actions in the treatment of cancer-induced bone pain in a clinical setting.
Reaching marginalized young women for HIV prevention in Botswana: a pilot social network analysis
Authors: Loutfi David , Andersson Neil , Law Susan , Kgakole Leagajang , Salsberg Jon , Haggerty Jeannie , Cockcroft Anne
Published: March 2019

Almost one-fifth of Botswana’s population is infected with HIV. The Inter-Ministerial National Structural Intervention Trial is a trial to test the impact on HIV rates of a structural intervention that refocuses government structural support programs in favor of young women. Ensuring that the intervention reaches all vulnerable young women in any given community is a challenge. Door-to-door recruitment was inefficient in previous work, so we explored innovative ways to reach this population. We sought to understand the support networks of marginalized young women, and to test the possibility of using social networks to support universal recruitment in this population. Ego-centric and sociometric analyses were used to describe the support networks of marginalized young women. Marginalized young women go to other women and relatives for support, and they communicate face to face rather than using social media. Network maps show how young women were connected to each other. Lessons from the pilot include a better understanding of how to use social networks as a recruitment method, such as the time required and the types of community members that can help. Social networks could help reach other hard-to-reach populations.
In Vivo and In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Perfoliatin a from Melampodium Perfoliatum
Authors: Flores-Bocanegra Laura , Torres-Colín Rafael , González-Andrade Martin , Calderón José S. , Mata Rachel
Published: March 2019

As part of our effort to discover new α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources, it was found that an aqueous extract from Melampodium perfoliatum (Cavanilles) Kunth (Asteraceae) inhibited the activity of rat-intestinal α-glucosidases in a concentration dependent manner (IC50= 958 μg/mL). Fractionation of the active extract led to the isolation of perfoliatin A (1), which was active against the mammal α-glucosidases and a recombinant α-glucosidase with maltase-glucoamylase activity obtained from Ruminococcus obeum. Kinetic analysis revealed that the interaction of 1 with R. obeum-α-glucosidase was noncompetitive. The calculated Ki was 0.68 ± 0.034 mM. In vivo testing using an oral sucrose tolerance test, in healthy and hyperglycemic mice, revealed that perfoliatin A (1) reduced significantly the postprandial peak, consistent with its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The effect was comparable or better to that of acarbose, a therapeutically used α-glucosidase inhibitor. Altogether, these findings clearly supported the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of melampolide-type of sesquiterpene lactones.
Selections From the ABC 2018 Annual Conference, Miami, Florida: Teaching Innovations Bright as the Tropical Sun
Authors: Whalen D. Joel
Published: March 2019

This article offers readers 13 teaching innovations debuted at the 2018 Association for Business Communication’s annual conference in Miami, Florida. The ideas include communication analysis, client assessment and reporting, and oral presentations—all designed to enhance students’ communication skill building. Additional assignment support materials—instructions to students, stimulus materials, slides, grading rubrics, frequently asked questions, and sample student projects—are posted on the Association for Business Communication and DePaul University Center for Sales Leadership websites: https://www.businesscommunication.org/page/assignments and https://salesleadershipcenter.com/research/business-professional-communication-quarterly-my-favorite-assignment
Caste and Discrimination in Welfare: Social Exclusion of Dalits in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pankaj Ajeet Kumar
Published: March 2019

Dalits constitute one-fifth of the total Indian population and, being located at the bottom of the caste hierarchy, suffer from the acute problem of discrimination and exclusion in every sphere of society. Despite various government affirmative actions and policies, Dalits experience discrimination, which in turn lead to inaccessibility of welfare services among them. Based on the author’s engagement in field work for data collection,1 this article highlights that discrimination in welfare programme is not only caused by favouritism and corruption but also linked to the sociopolitical structure of the state and society. Through a dense analysis of the process of social exclusion in availability, accessibility and affordability of welfare programmes, this article examines the role of the state and society in the context of discrimination against Dalits in welfare programmes. This article deals with discrimination and exclusion of Dalits during the identification of beneficiaries and delivery of the state-sponsored welfare services. It specifically looks into the discriminatory mechanism in welfare programmes, particularly the programmes that are directly linked with poverty eradication and employment. This article uses the lens of social exclusion to examine caste discrimination in welfare programmes.
Performance of Cancer Recurrence Algorithms After Coding Scheme Switch From International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision to International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision
Authors: Carroll Nikki M. , Ritzwoller Debra P. , Banegas Matthew P. , O’Keeffe-Rosetti Maureen , Cronin Angel M. , Uno Hajime , Hornbrook Mark C. , Hassett Michael J.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

We previously developed and validated informatic algorithms that used International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD9)–based diagnostic and procedure codes to detect the presence and timing of cancer recurrence (the RECUR Algorithms). In 2015, ICD10 replaced ICD9 as the worldwide coding standard. To understand the impact of this transition, we evaluated the performance of the RECUR Algorithms after incorporating ICD10 codes.

METHODS

Using publicly available translation tables along with clinician and other expertise, we updated the algorithms to include ICD10 codes as additional input variables. We evaluated the performance of the algorithms using gold standard recurrence measures associated with a contemporary cohort of patients with stage I to III breast, colorectal, and lung (excluding IIIB) cancer and derived performance measures, including the area under the receiver operating curve, average absolute prediction error, and correct classification rate. These values were compared with the performance measures derived from the validation of the original algorithms.

RESULTS

A total of 659 colorectal, 280 lung, and 2,053 breast cancer cases were identified. Area under the receiver operating curve derived from the updated algorithms was 89.0% (95% CI, 82.3% to 95.7%), 88.9% (95% CI, 79.3% to 98.2%), and 80.5% (95% CI, 72.8% to 88.2%) for the colorectal, lung, and breast cancer algorithms, respectively. Average absolute prediction errors for recurrence timing were 2.7 (SE, 11.3%), 2.4 (SE, 10.4%), and 5.6 months (SE, 21.8%), respectively, and timing estimates were within 6 months of actual recurrence for more than 80% of colorectal, more than 90% of lung, and more than 50% of breast cancer cases using the updated algorithm.

CONCLUSION

Performance measures derived from the updated and original algorithms had overlapping confidence intervals, suggesting that the ICD9 to ICD10 transition did not affect the RECUR Algorithm performance.
PREDICTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT WITH ROFLUMILAST IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Кулик Екатерина , Kulik Ekaterina , Павленко Валентина , Pavlenko Valentina , Нарышкина Светлана , Naryshkina Svetlana
Published: March 2019

There were studied the possibilities of predicting the effectiveness of treatment with roflumilast in the complex therapy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with low and high risk by assessing the clinical and functional parameters (lung function, severity of respiratory complaints, frequency of exacerbations in the previous year) and serum indicators of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, fibrinogen). One-year study included 60 patients with COPD, among whom there were 22 patients with low risk (group 1) and 38 patients with high risk (group 2), according to the multi-faceted classification of disease. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups depending on the response to treatment: subgroup A included the patients whose therapy was effective and subgroup B consisted of the patients whose therapy was not effective. The criteria for the effectiveness of the treatment were: group 1 – the absence of exacerbations during a year or 1 episode that did not require hospitalization, the initial test CAT (COPD Assessment Test) – 10 points and lower, dyspnea on the mMRC scale no more than 2 points, an increase in FEV1 by 11% or more; in patients of group 2 the number of exacerbations was 0 or no more than 2 and they did not require hospitalization, dyspnea on the mMRC scale was no more than 2 points, there was no decrease in FEV1. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated in points (4 points meant effective treatment, below 4 points – not effective treatment). It was found out that in group 1 in subgroup A after treatment the results of CAT (p<0.001), IL-8 (p<0.001), TNF-α (p<0.001) were significantly lower than in group B (p<0.001). In group 2 after treatment in subgroup A test CAT (p<0.001), CRP (p<0.001) and IL-6 (p<0.01) were significantly lower than in subgroup B. The revealed regularities formed the basis for the creation of mathematical model for predicting the effective application of roflumilast by discriminant analysis for different phenotypes of the disease which allow clinicians to solve the problem of a personalized approach to the selection of patients with COPD with low and high risk.
THE HEALTH STATUS OF NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS WITH CHRONIC SIMPLE BRONCHITIS IN REMISSION AND RISK OF MISCARRIAGE
Authors: Нахамчен Леонид , Nakhamchen Leonid , Гориков Игорь , Gorikov Igor , Одиреев Андрей , Odireev Andrey , Колосов Виктор , Kolosov Viktor , Заболотских Татьяна , Zabolotskikh Tat'yana , Баталова Татьяна , Batalova Tatiana , Сергиевич А. , Sergievich A. , Гасанова Светлана , Gasanova Svetlana , Колосов Артем , Kolosov Artem , Смирнова Татьяна , Smirnova Tatyana
Published: March 2019

The state of health of 100 full-term newborns from mothers with uncomplicated course of pregnancy and with chronic simple bronchitis in remission was studied. The first group consisted of 30 newborns from mothers with physiological pregnancy. The second group consisted of 38 children of a similar age from mothers who were diagnosed with simple chronic bronchitis without exacerbation in the period of gestation. The third group was represented by 32 newborns with antenatal history, burdened with chronic simple bronchitis in remission and the threat of miscarriage in their mothers in the second trimester of pregnancy. It was shown that in children of the third group, in comparison with the second group, there was a lower score on the Apgar scale at 5th minute (7.7±0.14 and 8.1±0.12 points, respectively, p<0.05); cerebral ischemia of moderate severity (n=7 and n=1, respectively, p<0.05) and vesiculosis (n=8 and n=1, respectively, p<0.05) were registered oftener. Only the third group of newborns showed signs of respiratory distress syndrome of moderate (n=2) and severe (n=2) degree, as well as aspiration of amniotic fluid (n=2). This indicates the role of chronic simple bronchitis in remission, associated with the threat of miscarriage in the second trimester of gestation, and in disturbance of delivery of oxygen and metabolites to the intrauterine patient, as well as in changing the conditions of antenatal development of its central nervous and respiratory systems.
A METABOLITE OF PROGESTERONE 11-DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE IN PLACENTA DURING EXACERBATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Довжикова Инна , Dovzhikova Inna , Андриевская Ирина , Andrievskaya Irina , Петрова Ксения , Petrova Kseniya , Ишутина Наталия , Ishutina Nataliya , Гориков Игорь , Gorikov Igor
Published: March 2019

The aim of the work is to study the content of 11-deoxycorticosterone in the placenta during pregnancy complicated by exacerbation of cytomegalovirus infection. Histochemical method was used to determine the content of 11-deoxycorticosterone in 72 placentas, including 37 cases from women with acute cytomegalovirus infection and simultaneously diagnosed moderate preeclampsia, and 35 placentas from women with exacerbation of chronic cytomegalovirus infection without concomitant diseases. The control group consisted of 30 placentas from mothers with chronic cytomegalovirus infection in the latent stage. It was found out that an increase in the content of 11-deoxycorticosterone in placenta by 25% in comparison with the control group occurred during gestation with an exacerbation of cytomegalovirus infection. A significant increase (by 40%) in the content of this hormone in the placenta was noted during the reactivation of the viral process accompanied by preeclampsia. We believe that an increase in the production of 11-deoxycorticosterone with mineralocorticotropic effect in the placenta could contribute to the development of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy complicated by cytomegalovirus infection.
Virtue and Care in Modern Ethics
Authors: Juruś Dariusz
Published: March 2019

In this paper I compare two contemporary moral theories; virtue ethics and the ethics of care. They both reject traditional ethical positions – Kantian ethics and utilitarianism. Virtue ethics focuses on the question what person should I be, instead, as in the case of Kantian ethics and utilitarianism, what should I do. It holds that value concepts (good, value) in contrary to deontological concepts (duty, obligation) are fundamental in ethical theory. Ethics of care, in rejecting a position based on justice, emphasises the role of care in human relations. It concentrates on personal relationships like love, friendship and charity. Virtue ethics emphasises the crucial role of individual character in moral life, whereas ethics of care holds that relations between people based on attentiveness, responsiveness and respect are the most important in moral life.
Refracting exoticism in video representations of the victim-refugee: K’Naan, Angelina Jolie and research responsibilities
Authors: Goheen Glanville Erin
Published: March 2019

Media that makes use of the fixed, two-dimensional victim-refugee figure participates in a kind of exoticization of refugee-ed people by reading forced displacement exclusively through the lens of suffering. Yet the body of scholarship critiquing this media is susceptible to saying more about the scholars and their concerns than about the concerns of those whose experiences are being represented. This article returns to focus group research from 2009 when the author ran media discussion workshops with refugee activists, including both refugee and citizen participants. The workshop discussions focused on K’Naan’s hip hop video ‘Soobax’ and Hollywood film Beyond Borders. The research aimed to understand the pedagogical potential of textual and audio-visual narrations of refugee cultures but became an exercise in refracting the exoticization latent in the project’s research questions. One important outcome of this research was the different emphases in participant responses to the victim-refugee figure in the videos. Workshop participants with a refugee background iterated that, given the context of growing apathy and antipathy towards refugee claimants in Canada, the representation of refugees as suffering victims remains a useful and powerful intervention in public debates. The article finishes with some reflections on the implications of the research findings and on the responsibility of engaged scholarship for researchers in cultural refugee studies and humanitarian communication.
Tratamiento de contenidos culturales en ELE: aproximaciones al diseño de material didáctico
Authors: Vargas Arévalo Angie Paola , Ávila González Andrea Katherine
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo recoge una investigación que buscó analizar el tratamiento de los contenidos culturales y su incidencia en el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa intercultural en el material didáctico diseñado por docentes en formación en ELE. Para ello, se realizó un estudio documental sustentado en el análisis de contenido de 32 unidades didácticas; este se ejecutó a través de una lista de chequeo y tres matrices de clasificación diseñadas sobre la base procedimental planteada en el Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes y el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas en torno a las orientaciones metodológicas ylos objetivos de formación de un aprendiente hablante intercultural. Los hallazgos evidencian una visión de la cultura que ignora la relación interdependiente entre esta y la lengua, y que responde a una jerarquización entre lo culto, lo exótico y lo marginal, impidiendo un diseño de material que esté en consonancia con los contextos actuales de movilidad internacional y la necesidad de re-configuración de la identidad cultural que estos traen consigo.
Um questionário conceitual sobre radiações: processo de elaboração e análise dos distratores
Authors: Coelho da Silva André
Published: March 2019

Considerando a relevância do tema radiações no escopo da Física Moderna e Contemporânea e a pertinência em pensar e propor estratégias para investigar a compreensão conceitual de estudantes a respeito dos conteúdos de ensino, apresentamos o processo de elaboração de treze questões múltipla escolha que abarcam tópicos como raios X, emissões radioativas, radiações ionizantes e radiações não ionizantes. Concomitantemente à apresentação das questões, discutimos os raciocínios que poderiam levar os estudantes a assinalar os distratores propostos. Dada a escassez de artigos científicos sobre o assunto, especialmente no âmbito da literatura brasileira, esperamos que este trabalho possa de alguma forma inspirar o desenvolvimento e a publicação de investigações que visem a pensar aspectos associados à elaboração, à utilização e à análise de questionários conceituais de física.
XXI Semana de la enseñanza de la física
Authors: Castiblanco Abril Olga Lucía
Published: March 2019

La realidad supera la ficción. La práctica profesional del Profesor de Física resulta de su idiosincrasia y de la situación socio cultural de niños, jóvenes, adultos, en contextos donde cobra sentido su quehacer profesional. En este evento se expusieron experiencias profesionales en situaciones reales del contexto, tanto ocupacionales, como de docentes e investigación, a las que el profesor de Física se enfrenta. Se hicieron debates y reflexiones sobre el quehacer cotidiano de los profesores, sus opciones laborales y los desafíos que enfrenta, con el fin de aportar a una formación contextualizada, alineada con la realidad de la región, del país y del mundo, que apunte a mejorar la calidad de vida del profesor y de sus estudiantes.
Is the Russian case of the transformation of youth cultural practices unique?
Authors: Omelchenko Elena L.
Published: March 2019

The article focused on the experience of studying youth cultural practices and group identities in Russia in the post-soviet era. The attention to 25 years period of the youth cultural space transformation could be explained not only with scientific interest and an attempt to understand the changes that have occurred in this historical period, but with the fact, that during these years the theoretical and practical findings and work of the Scientific Centre “Region”, Ulyanovsk State University (founded in 1995) and Centre for Youth Studies, Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg (founded in 2009) were developed. The task to include in the frame of one article all our results is ambitious and perhaps could not be complete. That is why we will focus the main attention on the key directions of the transformation of youth cultural practices, on the crucial plots of the direct and mediated influence of global trends as well as local discourses. It is important to understand: did these changes follow the global tendencies (Europe, North America, and Australia) described in the key works of researchers of youth cultures and practices? Or is the Russian case an exception fallen out the ‘classical’ picture? The basis for the analysis is the data from key research projects of our Centers, as well as new theoretical and methodological approaches to the analysis of changing youth sociality in the frame of political and cultural transformations of Russian society.
AUE youth organization as an integrated phenomenon of the Russian postmodernity
Authors: Chirun Sergey N.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the AUE phenomenon (Convict's Codex is Unified) using a Siberian Federal District case study. The author bases the analysis primarily on neo-institutional and post-structuralist approaches.  The paper considers non-formal aspects of the AUE institution functioning related to the relationships between the nodes forming various forms and models of network interactions. The purpose of the study is the need for scientific analysis and interpretation as well as the importance to design ways to prevent and detect this phenomenon. The research problem is the contradiction between today’s approaches towards interpretation of the AUE phenomenon and inability to create effective youth policies to prevent it.
The study is founded on empirical material gathered by the author in Siberian Federal District in cooperation with the “Siberian Politics” Foundation in 2017 - early 2018. The empirical part includes 9 focus groups, a survey of high school students (920 respondents), a focused interview and an expert survey.
The author argues that the AUE structure includes three partly overlapping phenomena: criminal youth subculture, rhizomatous youth movement, and criminal youth organization. However, the author proves that the AUE phenomenon cannot be fully identified with any of them.
Transformation of "citizenship" among pro- and post-NASHI activists in St Petersburg
Authors: Kravtsova Alena N.
Published: March 2019

The paper is devoted to the analysis of youth’s understanding of citizenship which includes young people’s self-identification as citizens, peculiarities of youth interpretations of the notion of citizen and the practices of citizenship implementation. The article describes transformations of the understanding of citizenship in youth environment through the analysis of young people’s settings, preferences, social participation practices  and involvement in activist communities, perceptions of events which happen in their city, country or in the world, as well as motives of their engagement with youth movements. The empirical basis of the study is the data of several projects conducted by the Center for Youth Studies from 2011 to 2017.  Each of these projects aimed at studying specific transformations of solidarity youth movements - pro-Kremlin movements, using qualitative methods, namely overt observation, in-depth biographical interviewing and partly the case-study method.
Skateboarding as a tool for reading the city
Authors: Krutskikh Polina Yu.
Published: March 2019

Modern urban youth sports cultures are notable for their diverse and complex nature. The question arises as to what analytical approach should be used to study their multifaceted character. Using the St Petersburg skateboard scene as an example, the article shows the advantages in applying the concept of the post-sport cultures to understand how the common functions of urban infrastructure are redefined, what trends exist on the scene, how they shape the meanings attributed to them by the scene participants, and how those signs are read.  The study also employs the solidarity approach to describe the interactions between the scene participants through the ideas and ideological controversies shared by them. The focus of the paper is how to apply solidarity approach to study the nature of urban post-sport cultures based on St Petersburg skateboard scene case study. Given the lack of Russian publications on the topic, the study is also aimed at inscribing the Russian skateboarding experience into the Western academic context.
Analysis of Shaping Factors of Urban Infrastructure Spreading Characteristics in The Border Area of Semarang City ( Case Study: Sendang Mulyo Settlements)
Authors: Olivia Deasy , Setioko Bambang , Pandelaki Edward Endrianto
Published: March 2019

Perkembangan kota terjadi melalui proses urbanisasi yang berkelanjutan.Proses ini mengakibatkan terjadinya pemekaran yang menyebar hingga ke bagian terluar sebuah kota yang dikenal sebagai wilayah perbatasan kota. Hal ini memunculkan sub pusat pelayanan terhadap fasilitas di sekitarnya.Permukiman Kelurahan Sendang Mulyo terletak di perbatasan antara administratif kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Demak.Secara geografis keduanya memiliki karakter wilayah yang sama, namun permukiman Kelurahan Sendang Mulyo memiliki kemajuan yang pesat dalam hal sarana dan prasarana.Hal ini mengakibatkanfasilitas yang ada di kawasan ini tidak hanya dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat, tetapi juga oleh masyarakat yang tinggal di Kabupaten Demak.Fenomena ini membentuk karakteristik sebaran sarana dan prasarana di wilayah perbatasan.Artikel ini menyajikan penelitan dalam menganalisa 15 faktor pembentuk karakteristik sebaran sarana dan prasarana permukiman di wilayah perbatasan, dengan studi kasus di Kelurahan Sendang Mulyo Kota Semarang. Hasil penelitian menggunakan paradigma positivistik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sebaran sarana dan prasarana di wilayah yang diobservasi tersebut adalah berkelompok akibat adanya setting perilaku masyarakat terhadap lingkungan fisiknya.
Reservoir Sedimentation Volume Changing Analysis of Pangsar Soedirman Dam Through USLE Based Rainfall Characteristics
Authors: Marhendi Teguh -
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik curah hujan di daerah tangkapan air Waduk Pangsar Sudirman terhadap peningkatan sedimentasi Waduk. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan formula USLE dengan faktor curah hujan (erosivitas) di DTA Waduk Pangsar Soedirman sebagai penentu. Data  laju sedimentasi waduk tahun 1989-2010 digunakan sebagai verifikasi hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan DTA Waduk Pangsar Soedirman memiliki curah hujan tahunan rata-rata sebesar 3.900 mm/tahun.  Karakteristik curah hujan ini menyebabkan potensi kejadian erosi  dan sedimentasi cukup besar. Volume sedimen di Waduk Pangsar Soedirman  sejak tahun 1989 hingga 2010, mencapai  92,77 juta m3 atau  sekitar 60 % dari volume dead storage dengan  volume inflow rata-rata sedimen mencapai 4,2 juta m3/tahun.
Accuracy Analysis Of Three Dimensional Models Of Building Prof. H. Soedarto S. H. Using The Terrestrial Laser Scanner Technology Based On Traverse Method
Authors: Prasetyo Yudo
Published: March 2019

Teknologi dokumentasi gedung secara spasial untuk konservasi dan perencanaan tata ruang semakin berkembang pesat. Urgensi tingkat ketelitian dalam suatu pengukuran juga dituntut semakin tinggi. Salah satu teknologi pembentukan objek tiga dimensi yang berkembang saat ini adalah Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Metode pengukuran TLS terdiri atas 4 metode yaitu: Cloud to Cloud, Target to Target, Traverse, dan metode kombinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat ketelitian metode Traverse dalam pengukuran suatu objek model tiga dimensi untuk keperluan dokumentasi gedung menggunakan TLS.Ketelitian metode Traverse akan diujikan pada Gedung Prof. H. Soedarto, S. H. Tingkat ketelitiannya diujikan pada dua parameter yakni hasil metode registrasi dan hasil visualisasi model tiga dimensi. Hasil analisis pengolahan data point cloud menunjukkan bahwa alat TLS dengan metode Traverse dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan model tiga dimensi Gedung Prof. Sudarto, S. H. Nilai rata-rata validasi yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 0,004 meter dengan besaran ketelitian model RMSE sebesar ±0,00611 meter.
Modeling of the operational pattern of the pump system in the polder design for flood and rob mitigation in East Semarang
Authors: Arbaningrum Rizka
Published: March 2019

Banjir dan rob yang sering terjadi di wilayah Semarang Timur mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Guna memperbaiki kondisi tersebut diperlukan penanganan secara permanen yaitu dengan pembuatan sistem polder yang terdiri dari tanggul laut, kolam retensi dan rumah pompa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  menganalisis pemodelan pola operasional sistem pompa pada desain polder. Tahapan analisis pemodelan pola operasional sistem pompa ini  dimulai dari perhitungan debit banjir, pemodelan kolam retensi, dan pompa menggunakan software HEC-HMS 4.0. Tahap berikutnya adalah melakukan analisis pemodelam pola operasional sistem pompa. Dari hasil penelitian didapat  rencana dalam 25 tahunan debit banjir untuk kolam retensi adalah 138 m³/s. Desain kolam retensi adalah seluas 210 hektar dengan kedalaman 3,7 m. Kapasitas pompa yang diperlukan adalah 15 m³/s dengan komposisi pompa berkapasitas 2,5 m³/s dan 5 m³/s, masing masing 2 unit. Pada analisis pemodelan pompa menggunakan pompa berkapasitas 2,5 m³/s sejumlah 2 unit dan 5 m³/s sejumlah 6 unit. Dari hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pola operasional menggunakan fungsi elevation-discharge, dimana fungsi tersebut membentuk pola operasional masing-masing pompa akan beroperasi berdasarkan kriteria eleveasi muka air pada masing-masing pompa. Dengan pola operasional tersebut, maka akan mengurangi biaya operasional dan pemeliharaan
Leontios Eustratios e un capitolo della tradizione manoscritta di Niceforo patriarca
Authors: Sietis Nina
Published: March 2019

Leontios Eustratios, called Philoponos, was a prolific scribe and tireless traveler, though neglected by modern research. The first part of this article is devoted to the reconstruction of Leontios’ life and activity, while the second describes a new witness of the theological works by the patriarch Nicephorus and offers new data for research on philology and textual transmission.
Source-Based Taxing Rights from the OECD to the UN Model Conventions: Unavailing Efforts and an Argument for Reform
Authors: Eyitayo-Oyesode Oladiwura Ayeyemi
Published: March 2019

A significant number of scholars have written about the nexus between fairness in the allocation of taxing rights in double taxation treaties and sustainable development in developing countries. These scholars have argued for expansive taxing rights for developing countries, as against the current source- restricting provisions in taxation treaties between developed and developing countries based on the OECD and UN Model taxation treaties. They have also highlighted the need for developing countries to critically assess their treaty networks, and to consider gaps in their local laws and policies that encourage revenue loss. This paper contributes to this body of knowledge by identifying provisions in Nigeria’s double taxation treaties that encourage revenue loss. It concludes by recommending amendments to Nigeria’s double taxation treaties.
Towards a Fourth Moment in Law and Development?
Authors: Vandenhole Wouter
Published: March 2019

Throughout its history, law and development has been so confined to or dominated by the economic, that a clear break with the past may be needed. The “three moments” analysis that Trubek and Santos presented in 2006 shows that, whereas law and development theory moved from law as an instrument for state power (first moment) to law as an instrument of the market (second moment), and in a third moment was conceived of as regulating the market, it never lost its primary focus on economic development and on economic law. And more fundamentally, it may never have moved beyond a market-friendly approach. Just like institutional dimensions (including law, legal institutions) were for a long time marginal in development theories, justice concerns have not taken center stage in law and development studies, although the rule of law has had some traction. This begs the question whether those studying the role of law in bringing about justice and transformative social change should claim the law and development field as their field of study too, or rather create a countervailing field. This paper examines pros and cons for claiming a fourth moment in law and development studies by those who study whether and how law (including human rights law) disciplines and tames the state, the market and other powerful actors.
Crystal structure of 3-amino-2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzamide hydrate, C16H22N4O7
Authors: Gan Lin Ling , Wang Bo
Published: March 2019

C16H22N4O7, orthorhombic, Fdd2 (no.43), a = 26.279(15) Å, b = 30.020(17) Å, c = 4.404(2) Å, V = 3474(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0332, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0899, T = 296(2) K.
On the transmodality of signs and their interpretants: Evidence from Peirce’s MS 599, Reason’s Rules
Authors: Nöth Winfried
Published: March 2019

The paper begins with a survey of the state of the art in multimodal research, an international trend in applied semiotics, linguistics, and media studies, and goes on to compare its approach to verbal and nonverbal signs to Charles S. Peirce’s approach to signs and their classification. The author introduces the concept of transmodality to characterize the way in which Peirce’s classification of signs reflects the modes of multimodality research and argues that Peirce’s classification of the signs takes modes and modalities in two different respects into consideration, (1) from the perspective of the sign and (2) from the one of its interpretant. While current research in multimodality has its focus on the (external) sign in a communicative process, Peirce considers additionally the multimodality of the interpretants, i.e., the mental icons and indexical scenarios evoked in the interpreters’ minds. The paper illustrates and comments on the Peircean method of studying the multi and transmodality of signs in an analysis of Peirce’s close reading of Luke 19:30 in MS 599, Reason’s Rules, of c. 1902. As a sign, this text is “monomodal” insofar as it consists of printed words only. The study shows in which respects the interpretants of this text evince trans and multimodality.
Exosomes increased angiogenesis in papillary thyroid cancer microenvironment
Authors: Wu Feng , Li Fuxingzi , Lin Xiao , Xu Feng , Cui Rong-Rong , Zhong Jia-Yu , Zhu Ting , Shan Su-Kang , Liao Xiao-Bo , Yuan Ling-Qing , Mo Zhao-Hui
Published: March 2019

Tumour-derived exosomes under hypoxic conditions contain informative miRNAs involved in the interaction of cancer and para-carcinoma cells, thus contributing to tissue remodelling of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Exosomes isolated from hypoxic papillary thyroid cancer cells, BCPAP cells and KTC-1 cells enhanced the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared with exosomes isolated from normal thyroid follicular cell line (Nthy-ori-3-1), normoxic BCPAP or KTC-1 cells both in vitro and in vivo. miR-21-5p was significantly upregulated in exosomes from papillary thyroid cancer BCPAP cells under hypoxic conditions, while the exosomes isolated from hypoxic BCPAP cells with knockdown of miR-21-5p attenuated the promoting effect of angiogenesis. In addition, our experiment revealed that miR-21-5p directly targeted and suppressed TGFBI and COL4A1, thereby increasing endothelial tube formation. Furthermore, elevated levels of exosomal miR-21-5p are found in the sera of papillary thyroid cancer patients, which promote the angiogenesis of HUVECs. Taken together, our study reveals the cell interaction between hypoxic papillary thyroid cancer cells and endothelial cells, elucidating a new mechanism by which hypoxic papillary thyroid cancer cells increase angiogenesis via exosomal miR-21-5p/TGFBI and miR-21-5p/COL4A1 regulatory pathway.
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy improves liver and hypothalamic functions in obese mice
Authors: Li Peixin , Rao Zhijian , Laing Brenton Thomas , Bunner Wyatt , Landry Taylor , Prete Amber , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Zhong-Tao , Huang Hu
Published: March 2019

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is an effective surgery to treat obesity and diabetes. However, the direct effect of VSG on metabolic functions is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate if alterations in hypothalamic neurons were linked with perturbations in liver metabolism after VSG in an energy intake-controlled obese mouse model. C57BL/6 and hrNPY-GFP reporter mice received HFD for 12 weeks and were then divided into three groups: Sham (ad lib), Sham (pair-fed) with VSG and VSG. Food intake was measured daily, and blood glucose levels were measured before and after the study. Energy expenditure and body composition were determined. Serum parameters, liver lipid and glycogen contents were measured and gene/protein expression were analyzed. Hypothalamic POMC, AgRP/NPY and tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neurons were counted. The following results were obtained. VSG reduced body weight gain and adiposity induced by HFD, increased energy expenditure independent of energy intake. Fed and fasted blood glucose levels were reduced in the VSG group. While serum active GLP-1 level was increased, the active ghrelin and triglycerides levels were decreased along with improved insulin resistance in VSG group. Liver lipid accumulation, glycogen content and gluconeogenic gene expression were reduced in the VSG group. In the hypothalamus, TH-expressing neuron population was decreased, and the POMC-expressing neuron population was increased in the VSG group. In conclusion, our data suggest that VSG improves metabolic symptoms by increasing energy expenditure and lowering lipid and glycogen contents in the liver. These physiological alterations are possibly related to changes in hypothalamic neuron populations.
El Caribe como espejo y descentramiento en la poética de Derek Walcott
Authors: Claisso Claudia
Published: March 2019

El trabajo analiza la integración y proyección del Caribe que Derek Walcott construyó a través de puentes analógicos y la traslación del imaginario del libro-archivo al paisaje en Las Antillas, fragmentos de una memoria épica (1992). Por otra parte, se detiene en la valoración que el autor de Omeros (1990) hizo de la imitación como una matriz intercultural decisiva en El Caribe. ¿cultura o mimetismo? (1974). Destaca posiciones teóricas construidas en el ensayo a partir del cuestionamiento de hipótesis propuestas por Vidia Naipaul en Los simuladores (1967) y considera la relevancia alcanzada por las manifestaciones de la relación especular en la vida antropológica de la región. Por último, describe la articulación intertextual que existe entre aquel proceso y representaciones trazadas en Cuaderno de un retorno al país natal (1939) de Aimé Césaire, por medio de la cual se interpela la creencia en la originalidad cultural y el eurocentrismo.