bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The author’s programme of motoral improvement and physical fitness of intellectually disabled people
Authors: Drobnik Paweł , Cybulska Agnieszka , Dargiewicz Robert
Published: February 2017

Regardless of which part of the world people live in, approx. 10-15% of society is disabled in terms of senses, physical or intellectual development.

The objective of the undertaken studies was to assess physical fitness of intellectually disabled people on the example of disabled people under the custody of the Nursing Home (NH) in Gdańsk as well as to examine the impact of the authors’ improvement program entitled “Me and my fitness” on improvement of physical fitness.

The studies involved 23 participants who were divided according to the degree of disability and age. Initial measurement of physical fitness was performed using the Eurofit Special test. After diagnosing physical fitness, the authors’ improvement program was introduced into the patients’ daily schedule. The program was implemented for six months, after which another measurement was performed using the same research tool.

It was stated that the implemented motor improvement program beneficially impacted results in selected tests regarding physical fitness of the participants with mild intellectual disability. The results did not indicate significant changes, in particular in the group of people with moderate intellectual disability.

1. The authors’ improvement program “Me and my fitness” indicates statistical symptoms beneficially impacting the relation with maintaining physical fitness measured by the Eurofit Special test among the participants with mild intellectual disability in a group of 30-45 year-olds. 2. The studies indicated that there are certain trends, curves showing the direction of changes, which after a longer period of improvement applying the authors’ program may become statistically significant.
Body balance in standing position in people after cerebral stroke on the basis of posturographic examinations
Authors: Jasińska Kamila
Published: February 2017

A stroke has a number of direct effects on body balance. Despite the progress in medical science, it continues to be one of the major causes of disability in adults.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the body balance in people after stroke depending on the side of hemiparesis.

The study included 30 patients with left and right-sided hemiparesis. The mean age of the patients was 66 years. The tests were conducted on the R50300 Cosmogamma balance platform, in a standing position. Each patient was examined twice: with and without vision, in a standing position. The statistical analysis was carried out using the STATISTICA software.

The results revealed statistical differences in the maximum lateral sways of the Centre of Pressure (COP) with the eyes open, the maximum front-back sways of the Centre of Pressure with the eyes closed, and the mean COP values in the frontal plane with and without vision in individuals with right and left-sided hemiparesis. Patients with left and right-sided hemiparesis were found to underload the affected side, regardless of whether they were tested with or without vision. Moreover, patients with right-sided hemiparesis who were tested with their eyes open had greater difficulty maintaining body balance in the frontal plane than those with left-sided hemiparesis, and patients with right-sided hemiparesis who were examined with their eyes closed had greater difficulty maintaining body balance in the sagittal plane than those with left-sided hemiparesis.

During the posturographic examination, individuals with left and right-sided hemiparesis displayed underloading of the affected side, both when tested with their eyes open and closed. When tested with vision, patients with right-sided hemiparesis had greater difficulty maintaining body balance in the frontal plane than those with left-sided hemiparesis. When tested without vision, patients with right-sided hemiparesis had greater difficulty maintaining body balance in the sagittal plane than those with left-sided hemiparesis.
Analysis of the Motor Activities of Professional Polish Soccer Players
Authors: Andrzejewski Marcin , Pluta Beata , Konefał Marek , Chmura Paweł , Chmura Jan
Published: February 2017

Introduction. The aims of the present study were to determine the activity profiles of a large sample of Polish Premier League soccer players during elite-standard soccer matches depending on their position on the pitch and the intensity range of physical activity. Material and methods. The study sample comprised 1,178 players in 5 outfield positions: external defenders (ED, n = 289), central defenders (CD, n = 307), central midfield players (CM, n = 327), external midfield players (EM, n = 152), and forwards (F, n = 103). Altogether, 81 Polish League games held during four domestic seasons (2010-2011, 2011-2012, 2012-2013, and 2013-2014) were used in the analysis. A semi-automatic computerised player tracking system (Amisco Pro®, version 1.0.2, Nice, France) was applied to create the match activity profiles of the teams. Results. The results of statistical analysis revealed that the average total distance covered by all the players (n = 1,178) was 11,313 ± 852 m. With respect to the players’ position on the pitch, the central midfielders travelled the longest average distance (11,894 ± 765 m) during the game. The longest distance was covered in the V1 intensity range (62%), followed by V2 (15%), V3 (10%), V4 (8%), V5 (3%), and V6 (2%). Conclusions. The objective of this study was to verify the differences among playing positions and to quantify the demands placed on elite Polish soccer players in each individual position during match play. While analysing elite-level match play in terms of the overall distance covered in different categories of intensity, we found a number of statistically significant differences between different playing positions. The data presented in this study can be regarded as norms for elite soccer players, serve for present and future comparison, and represent the scientific basis for developing position-specific conditioning/training protocols in soccer.
Rethinking Meaning: An Ecological Perspective on Language
Authors: Rączaszek-Leonardi Joanna , Fusaroli Riccardo , Caramelli Nicoletta
Published: February 2017

In a view of language as part of embodied and situated cognition, reduction of its meaning to individual mental representations ceases to be sufficient. Language relies on and at the same time enables distributed cognition thus the key aspects of meaning are in the interaction of individuals within their world. This special issue is an outcome of a workshop, which gathered representatives of several disciplines in a common effort to find appropriate theoretical concepts for the characterization of those aspects of meaning that lie in the mutual constraining between language and collective practice. The emerging picture is complex, involving multimodal participatory construction of meaning in multiple systems and on multiple timescales. The Authors, however propose also several innovative methods to navigate this complexity. In this short introduction we aim at placing the works contained in this issue on a broader map of ongoing efforts to understand language as a proper part of human ecology.
Meaning in Phonology and Other Departures from Modularity in the Living Language
Authors: Fowler Carol A.
Published: February 2017

I review evidence of three kinds relating to leakages in modularity within language domains and between linguistic and nonlinguistic action. One kind of evidence shows that the form-meaning “rift” in language that enables the important principle of duality of patterning and the particulate principle of self-diversifying systems is bridged in many ways. Segmental language forms have iconic meanings, and form-meaning correlations of other kinds emerge cross linguistically. A second kind of evidence occurs in parallel transmission of linguistic prosodic information with iconic and emotional information conveyed suprasegmentally. The final kind of evidence shows the integrality of linguistic and nonlinguistic action (deictic points, speech-accompanying gestures, head motions, facial expressions, etc) in conveying communicative information in public language use. I suggest that these violations of modularity within language and between linguistic and nonlinguistic action reflect the dynamic effects of sets of competing and cooperating constraints including, among others, parity and learnability of language forms that shape communicative actions in social activity.
Polymorphisms in autophagy genes and active pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility in Romania
Authors: Cucu Mihai Gabriel , Streața Ioana , Riza Anca Lelia , Cimpoeru Alina Liliana , Șerban-Șoșoi Simona , Ciocoiu Adela , Pleșea Răzvan Mihail , Popescu Elena Leocadia , Dorobanțu Ștefania , Anghel Andreea , Stroe Aida Maria , Ștefan Andreea Nicoleta , Cioboată Ramona , Băzăvan Ileana , Ciontea Marius Sorin , Căpitănescu Iulia , Olteanu Mihai , Nițu Mimi , Burada Florin , Tătaru Tiberiu , Netea Mihai , van Crevel Reinout , Olaru Marian , Mixich Francisc , Ioana Mihai
Published: February 2017

Autophagy, a homeostatic process involved in nutrient regeneration and immune responses, may be involved in intracellular killing of M. tuberculosis. Several studies linked variation in autophagy genes with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis, but others did not confirm these findings.

We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ATG5 (rs2245214, c.574-12777G>C) and NOD2 (rs2066844, c.2104C>T) genes for 256 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 330 unrelated healthy controls in Romania. Both SNPs have been reported as relevant for the autophagy process and potentially for susceptibility to active pulmonary tuberculosis.

In our study, the polymorphisms in ATG5 and NOD2 were not associated with tuberculosis. This suggests that the two genetic variants we focused on are not related to the risk for developing active TB in a Romanian population.
Simulation on impact response of FMLs: effect of fiber stacking sequence, thickness, and incident angle
Authors: Yang Bin , He Liang , Gao Yang
Published: February 2017

We built a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model to investigate the impact response of fiber-metal laminates (FMLs). This FE model comprises two metal layers as facesheets and a carbon woven fabric-reinforced plastic laminate as inner core. Simulation was performed on ABAQUS/Explicit platform, and stiffness progressive degeneration criteria were implemented to evaluate damages in composites. The Johnson-Cook model was selected to calculate failures in metal, while surface-based cohesive behavior was adopted to simulate the delamination phenomenon. We studied the fiber stacking sequence, panel thickness, and incident angle effect on the impact behavior of FMLs. The critical penetration energy of the FMLs was determined, and the impact parameter history was discussed.
Forecast accuracy of a BVAR under alternative specifications of the zero lower bound
Authors: Berg Tim Oliver
Published: February 2017

This paper discusses how the forecast accuracy of a Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) is affected by introducing the zero lower bound on the federal funds rate. As a benchmark I adopt a common BVAR specification, including 18 variables, estimated shrinkage, and no nonlinearity. Then I entertain alternative specifications of the zero lower bound. I account for the possibility that the effect of monetary policy on the economy is different in this regime, replace the federal funds rate by its shadow rate, consider a logarithmic transformation, feed in monetary policy shocks, or utilize conditional forecasts allowing for all shocks implemented through a rejection sampler. The latter two are also coupled with interest rate expectations from future contracts. It is shown that the predictive densities of all these specifications are greatly different, suggesting that this modeling choice is not innocuous. The comparison is based on the accuracy of point and density forecasts of major US macroeconomic series during the period 2009:1 to 2014:4. The introduction of the zero lower bound is not beneficial per se, but it depends on how it is done and which series is forecasted. With caution, I recommend the shadow rate specification and the rejection sampler combined with interest rate expectations to deal with the nonlinearity in the policy rate. Since the policy rate will remain low for some time, these findings could prove useful for practical forecasters.
Motor Neurons Tune Premotor Activity in a Vertebrate Central Pattern Generator
Authors: Lawton Kristy J. , Perry Wick M. , Yamaguchi Ayako , Zornik Erik
Published: February 2017

Central patterns generators (CPGs) are neural circuits that drive rhythmic motor output without sensory feedback. Vertebrate CPGs are generally believed to operate in a top-down manner in which premotor interneurons activate motor neurons that in turn drive muscles. In contrast, the frog (Xenopus laevis) vocal CPG contains a functionally unexplored neuronal projection from the motor nucleus to the premotor nucleus, indicating a recurrent pathway that may contribute to rhythm generation. In this study, we characterized the function of this bottom-up connection. TheX. laevisvocal CPG produces a 50–60 Hz “fast trill” song used by males during courtship. We recorded “fictive vocalizations” in thein vitroCPG from the laryngeal nerve while simultaneously recording premotor activity at the population and single-cell level. We show that transecting the motor-to-premotor projection eliminated the characteristic firing rate of premotor neurons. Silencing motor neurons with the intracellular sodium channel blocker QX-314 also disrupted premotor rhythms, as did blockade of nicotinic synapses in the motor nucleus (the putative location of motor neuron-to-interneuron connections). Electrically stimulating the laryngeal nerve elicited primarily IPSPs in premotor neurons that could be blocked by a nicotinic receptor antagonist. Our results indicate that an inhibitory signal, activated by motor neurons, is required for proper CPG function. To our knowledge, these findings represent the first example of a CPG in which precise premotor rhythms are tuned by motor neuron activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCentral pattern generators (CPGs) are neural circuits that produce rhythmic behaviors. In vertebrates, motor neurons are not commonly known to contribute to CPG function, with the exception of a few spinal circuits where the functional significance of motor neuron feedback is still poorly understood. The frog hindbrain vocal circuit contains a previously unexplored connection from the motor to premotor region. Our results indicate that motor neurons activate this bottom-up connection, and blocking this signal eliminates normal premotor activity. These findings may promote increased awareness of potential involvement of motor neurons in a wider range of CPGs, perhaps clarifying our understanding of network principles underlying motor behaviors in numerous organisms, including humans.
Legacies of stream channel modification revealed using General Land Office surveys,with implications for water temperature and aquatic life
Authors: White Seth M. , Justice Casey , Kelsey Denise A. , McCullough Dale A. , Smith Tyanna
Published: February 2017

Land use legacies can have a discernible influence in present-day watersheds and should be accounted for when designing conservation strategies for riverine aquatic life. We describe the environmental history of three watersheds within the Grande Ronde subbasin of the Columbia River using General Land Office survey field notes from the 19th century. In the two watersheds severely impacted by Euro-American land use, stream channel widths—a metric representing habitat simplification—increased from an average historical width of 16.8 m to an average present width of 20.8 m in large streams; 4.3 m to 5.5 m in small, confined or partly confined streams; and 3.5 m to 6.5 m in small, laterally unconfined steams. Conversely, we did not detect significant change in stream widths in an adjacent, wilderness stream with minimal human impact. Using a mechanistic water temperature model and restoration scenarios based on the historical condition, we predicted that stream restoration in the impacted watersheds could notably decrease average water temperatures—especially when channel narrowing is coupled with riparian restoration—up to a 6.6°C reduction in the upper Grande Ronde River and 3.0°C in Catherine Creek. These reductions in water temperature translated to substantial changes in the percentage of stream network habitable to salmon and steelhead migration (from 29% in the present condition to 79% in the fully restored scenario) and to core juvenile rearing (from 13% in the present condition to 36% in the fully restored scenario). We conclude that land use legacies leave an important footprint on the present landscape and are critical for understanding historic habitat-forming processes as a necessary first step towards restoration.
Cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning in rats involves upregulating adiponectin
Authors: Wang Hui , Wu Wenjing , Duan Jun , Ma Ming , Kong Wei , Ke Yuannan , Li Gang , Zheng Jingang
Published: February 2017

It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and adiponectin (APN) are cardioprotective in many cardiovascular disorders. However, whether APN mediates the effect of IPC on myocardial injury has not been elucidated. This study was conducted to investigate whether IPC affects myocardial ischemic injury by increasing APN expression. Male adult rats with cardiac knockdowns of APN and its receptors via intramyocardial small-interfering RNA injection were subjected to IPC and then myocardial infarction (MI) at 24 h after IPC. Globular APN (gAd) was injected at 10 min before MI. APN mRNA and protein levels in myocardium as well as the plasma APN concentration were markedly high at 6 and 12 h after IPC. IPC ameliorated myocardial injury as evidenced by improved cardiac functions and a reduced infarct size. Compared with the control MI group, rats in the IPC + MI group had elevated levels of left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening and a smaller MI size (P < 0.05). However, the aforementioned protective effects were ameliorated in the absence of APN and APN receptors, followed by the inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, but reversed by gAd treatment in wild-type rats, and AMPK phosphorylation increased (P < 0.05). Overall, our results suggest that the cardioprotective effects of IPC are partially due to upregulation of APN and provide a further insight into IPC-mediated signaling effects.
SURGICAL SCAR ENDOMETRIOSIS: A SERIES OF 14 PATIENTS AND BRIEF REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Malutan Andrei Mihai , Simon Ioan , Ciortea Razvan , Mocan-Hognogi Radu Florin , Dudea Marina , Mihu Dan
Published: February 2017

Background and aims. Endometriosis is a commonly found disorder in women of reproductive age, consisting in the presence of active ectopic endometrial tissue outside of the endometrial cavity. Surgical scar endometriosis is a rare condition representing about 2% of all endometriosis cases. The purpose of this study was to assess the main characteristics, diagnosis tools and therapeutic options in abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). Methods. We have reviewed a series of fourteen cases with histopathological confirmation of AWE that were managed in our institution.Results. The main characteristic of AWE were emphasiszed, showing that 78.57% of the patients had at least one previous caesarian section and that in only 57.14% out of ol case an accurate diagnosis of AWE was established preoperatively. Conclusion. A direct relationship between gynecological and obstetrical surgery and AWE is well established and as the caesarian section rates increase constantly, the awareness regarding AWE should also be increased.
Socioeconomic Attainment of Extremely Low Birth Weight Survivors: The Role of Early Cognition
Authors: Dobson Kathleen G. , Ferro Mark A. , Boyle Michael H. , Schmidt Louis A. , Saigal Saroj , Van Lieshout Ryan J.
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To determine: (1) if childhood cognitive and academic abilities mediate the association between being born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and socioeconomic attainment at age 29 to 36 years; (2) which cognitive abilities (IQ, verbal abilities, fluid intelligence, mathematical abilities, or academic achievement) most strongly mediate this association; and (3) if the mediating role of cognition is different in ELBW survivors with significant neurosensory impairment (NSI).

METHODS:

A prospective, longitudinal cohort of 100 Canadian ELBW survivors born between 1977 and 1982 and 89 normal birth weight comparison participants were used to examine the mediating role of childhood cognition by using 5 cognitive mediators assessed at age 8 years (overall IQ, verbal IQ, performance IQ, quantitative ability, and academic achievement) on socioeconomic attainment at adulthood. Socioeconomic attainment was defined as personal annual earnings and full-time employment assessed via self-report at age 29 to 36 years.

RESULTS:

Mediation models revealed that childhood cognition mediated the association between ELBW status and income attainment, with mathematical abilities and overall IQ each accounting for 26% of the direct effect. Mediated effects were not statistically significant in full-time employment models. For both outcomes, the mediating effect of cognition was stronger for ELBW survivors with NSI.

CONCLUSIONS:

Childhood cognitive abilities partially mediate associations between ELBW status and adult income attainment. Early life cognition is a critical predictor of socioeconomic attainment in ELBW survivors, particularly in those born with NSI. Interventions aimed at enhancing early cognition in ELBW survivors may help optimize their later socioeconomic attainment.
Las grandes empresas agropecuarias en Argentina: los casos de Cresud y El Tejar
Authors: Caligaris Gastón
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se analizan las “historias de vida” de las dos empresas que aparecen en la prensa y la literatura como las más grandes de la producción agraria pampeana: Cresud y El Tejar. Con ello, se procura aportar evidencia empírica y elementos de análisis para evaluar si las llamadas “grandes empresas agropecuarias”, que irrumpieron en la producción agraria pampeana en las últimas décadas, constituyen capitales agrarios equiparables a los capitales concentrados dominantes en el resto de la economía nacional. Las conclusiones a las que se arriba desafían varias concepciones dominantes en la literatura especializada.
Estimación de la probabilidad de incumplimiento para las firmas del sector económico industrial y comercial en una entidad financiera colombiana entre los años 2009 y 2014
Authors: Castro Llanos Diego Alejandro , Pérez y Soto Domínguez Alejandro
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se estima la probabilidad de incumplimiento para las firmas que tienen obligaciones contractuales con una entidad financiera colombiana entre 2009 y 2014. A través de un modelo logístico ordinal generalizado se encontró que la probabilidad de incumplimiento está asociada a las variables financieras liquidez, endeudamiento, rentabilidad y eficiencia. También se incorporó una variable de comportamiento, dos dicotómicas asociadas al tamaño de las firmas y una para el crecimiento económico del país. Además, se verificó el supuesto de líneas paralelas. Los resultados son previsibles y acordes con la teoría económica de riesgo.
La localización como factor crítico. Análisis del programa “Mi Casa, Mi Vida”. Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Molinatti Florencia , Peláez Enrique
Published: February 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar los impactos del programa “Mi casa, mi vida” sobre los procesos segregativos en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina) a comienzos del siglo xxi. A partir de un análisis de autocorrelación espacial de información censal, se midieron los niveles y patrones de la segregación residencial socioeconómica en 2001 y 2008 y se determinó en qué medida dicho programa puede haber contribuido a esos cambios. Los resultados sugieren que, si bien se mejoraron las condiciones habitacionales de casi 8.000 personas, se observa la conformación de conglomerados homogéneos de pobreza escasamente integrados como consecuencia de la localización de los nuevos conjuntos habitacionales.
Prevalencia de lesiones en gimnastas pertenecientes a la Liga de Gimnasia de Bogotá, D.C.
Authors: Rodríguez-Camacho Diego Fabricio , Correa-Mesa Juan Felipe , Camargo-Rojas Diana Alexandra , Correa-Morales Juan Carlos
Published: February 2017

Introducción. La exigencia física en los gimnastas durante su formación puede traer consigo lesiones; la intensidad y cantidad de práctica en relación al nivel de competencia y grado de dificultad de los elementos hacen de este deporte uno de los que mayores lesiones produce. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de lesiones y los factores correlacionados a estas en gimnastas pertenecientes a la Liga de Gimnasia de Bogotá, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional, correlacional y con diseño transversal realizado en 19 gimnastas: nueve mayores de 14 años, nueve entre 15 y 19 y uno de 22 años. Se midió índice de masa corporal (IMC), peso corporal, talla, squat jump, contra movimiento, pliometría en miembros superiores, dinamometría de espalda y sit and reach; también se realizó una encuesta de prevalencia de lesiones. Resultados. 14 deportistas presentaron lesiones el último año. El lugar de lesión más prevalente fue codo con 24%, seguido de pie con 21%. El tipo de lesión más prevalente fue esguince con 31.6%, seguido por tendinopatía con 21%. No hubo correlación entre squat jump, contra movimiento, pliometría en miembros superiores, dinamometría de espalda y sit and reach. Conclusiones. Las variables edad, peso, IMC y duración del entrenamiento se correlacionan con la aparición de lesiones. Las mujeres sufren más lesiones en comparación con hombres.
Prevalencia de lesiones en luchadores olímpicos pertenecientes a la Liga de Lucha Olímpica de Bogotá, D.C.
Authors: Correa-Mesa Juan Felipe , Rodríguez-Camacho Diego Fabricio , Camargo-Rojas Diana Alexandra , Correa Morales Juan Carlos
Published: February 2017

Introducción. En lucha se presentan eventos que pueden generar alteraciones físicas, como caídas, contactos en el suelo, levantamientos, arqueamientos, entre otros. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de lesiones y factores correlacionados en deportistas practicantes de lucha olímpica. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional de tipo correlacional y diseño transversal. Participaron 29 deportistas pertenecientes a la Liga de Bogotá. Resultados. En el último año, 15 deportistas no tuvieron ninguna lesión (51.72%), 11 tuvieron 1 lesión (37.93%) y 2 tuvieron 4 lesiones (6.89%). De ellas, el lugar lesionado más prevalente fue el hombro con un 17% y el tipo de lesión más sobresaliente fue la tendinopatía con un 13.79%. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) tuvo un efecto positivo en la probabilidad de lesión (valor p=0.07) con significancia al 10% y la variable inicial fue igualmente significativa (valor p=0.014). El resultado del sit and reach test fue significativo al 10% (valor p=0.09), lo que indica una ligera relación positiva entre los más flexibles y la lesión. Conclusiones. La lesión más prevalente ocurrió en el hombro y el tipo de lesión fue la tendinopatía. El IMC, el inicio de la práctica de los 13 a 16 años y el test de sit and seach tienen una significancia positiva hacia el número de lesiones en el último año.
Narrativas de la corporeidad en ciclistas colombianos durante su proceso formativo
Authors: Anzola-Moreno Javier , Robayo-Torres Aydee Luisa
Published: February 2017

Introducción. El cambio de paradigmas del cuerpo en el deporte, del cuerpo máquina al embodiment del deportista, requiere comprender el cuerpo vivido, la experiencia encarnada del ciclista, durante su proceso formativo. Objetivo. Comprender el sentido y significado de la corporeidad de ciclistas profesionales colombianos durante su proceso formativo. Materiales y métodos. El estudio fue cualitativo de tipo histórico-hermenéutico, por medio de biografía con entrevista abierta a cuatro ciclistas profesionales colombianos, tres hombres y una mujer nacidos entre 1987 y 1990. Se utilizó el software Atlas Ti 7.0. La categoría principal de análisis fue el embodiment desde las potencialidades y los desgastes. Resultados. Se identificaron potencialidades y desgastes en la corporeidad de los ciclistas durante el proceso formativo. Las categorías relacionadas con la corporeidad de los ciclistas fueron: historicidad del proceso formativo, soporte, orientación, entorno, causas y efectos. El sistema categorial permitió identificar las tendencias, relacionar las categorías e interpretar la corporeidad como expresión del cuerpo vivido. Conclusión. La corporeidad narrada significa la vida de los ciclistas y da sentido a sus vivencias en la identidad del cuerpo ciclista. Se debe reconocer el cuerpo vivido como expresión única de lo humano en movimiento y su abordaje desde la determinación social.
La mastectomía: una mirada social desde la fisioterapia
Authors: Morales-Caro Myriam Stella , Torres-Baquero Martha , Vega-Mesa Ana Milena
Published: February 2017

Introducción. En Colombia, el cáncer de mama tiene una incidencia de 32.6/100000 habitantes y una tasa de mortalidad de 9.5/100000. En el 60% de los casos se identifica en estado avanzado, lo cual implica mastectomía (1). Objetivo. Reconocer las experiencias corporales de cuatro mujeres que experimentaron la mastectomía. Materiales y métodos. Estudio cualitativo con enfoque comprensivo, del cual participaron voluntariamente cuatro mujeres, narrando sus vivencias a través de entrevistas a profundidad. El registro de las narraciones se realizó en primera persona, durante dos horas de grabación directa. Cada mujer relató sus experiencias desde el momento del diagnóstico hasta su regreso a la vida cotidiana. Se efectuó un registro de cada persona y se transcribió digitalmente, para realizar tres tipos de lectura: intuitiva, analítica y reflexiva. Resultados. Con las narraciones de las participantes se configuraron autorretratos que registraron cicatrices, ansiedades y temores, impresos en sus cuerpos de manera superpuesta: sentires y vivires que las condujeron a la re-significación de su corporalidad y subjetividad. Conclusión. Se resalta el logro alcanzado con el presente trabajo al constituirse un avance en los saberes fisioterapéuticos, con un acercamiento diferente que descentraliza la estructura orgánica del cuerpo. Esto para reconocer al sujeto social —mujeres mastectomizadas— y dar importancia a sus vivencias, a partir de una enfermedad orgánica que, inevitablemente, modifica la relación entre ella, el significado de su cuerpo y la construcción de su corporalidad y de subjetividad.
First description of a rifampicin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y strain causing recurrent invasive meningococcal disease in Hungary
Authors: Tóth Ákos , Berta Brigitta , Tirczka Tamás , Jekkel Csilla , Ábrahám Anita , Prohászka Zoltán , Bognár Zsófia , Erdősi Tímea
Published: February 2017

A Hungarian soldier previously immunized against Neisseria meningitidis by quadrivalent polysaccharide vaccine was twice infected with meningococci within six weeks. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone during both episodes and he successfully recovered. His close contacts received rifampicin prophylaxis. An investigation was performed to characterize the genetic background of the pathogens to ascertain if the recurrent invasive meningococcal disease was caused by the same strain and to find out the reason for reinfection. Both meningococci belonged to the fine type Y:P1.5-2,10-1:F4-1:ST-23. This is the first description of the Europe-wide prevalent N. meningitidis serogroup Y in Hungary. In the first episode, we found wild-type rpoB allele in the non-culturable sample implying the susceptibility to rifampicin. The culturable isolate from the second episode proved resistant to rifampicin and had a point mutation in the rpoB gene. The rifampicin resistance might have evolved during the prophylactic treatment of contacts. Previous immunization of the patient with polysaccharide vaccine was ineffective due to his immunodeficiency, thus immunization with conjugate vaccine was proposed. We have proposed the implementation of centralized rifampicin susceptibility testing of N. meningitidis strains within a defined time frame to intervene and administer appropriate prophylaxis to close contacts.
Mussurana quimi (Franco, Marques & Puorto, 1997) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae): first records for Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil
Authors: Entiauspe-Neto Omar Machado , Abegg Arthur Diesel , Quintela Fernando Marques , Loebmann Daniel
Published: February 2017

Mussurana quimi is a species of Pseudoboini known from central, southeastern, and southern Brazil, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina. We report the occurrence of this species in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on two specimens from Santa Maria municipality. This report extends this species’ distribution about 950 km south from its type locality and 330 km south from the nearest previous locality record (Posadas, Argentina). It also represent new southernmost records for M. quimi. We also provide brief comments on coloration and morphological variation of this species as well as an updated distribution map.
Spilotes sulphureus Wagler, 1824 (Squamata: Colubridae): review of distribution and first record in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Andrade Hugo , Almeida Rony Peterson Santos , Dias Eduardo José dos Reis
Published: February 2017

We present the first record of Spilotes sulphureus for the state of Sergipe. In Brazil, this species is distributed Amazon Rainforest, Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes. This large-bodied snake has arboreal habit, is diurnal, has oviparous reproduction, feeds on birds, eggs, lizards, bats, amphibians and small mammals and presents the defensive behaviour of lateral compression of the body.
Biodegradable Polymer Microfluidics for Tissue Engineering Microvasculature
Authors: King Kevin R. , Wang Chiaochun , Vacanti Joseph P. , Borenstein Jeffrey T.
Published: February 2017

In this work, we present for the first time, the fabrication of a fully biodegradable microfluidic device with features of micron-scale precision. This implantable MEMS device is a transition from poorly defined porous scaffolds to reproducible precision scaffolds with built-in convective conduits. First, conventional photolithography is used to create a master mold by bulk micromachining silicon. Next, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone elastomer is replica molded to form a flexible inverse mold. The commonly used biodegradable polymer Poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA 85:15) is then compression micromolded onto the PDMS to form micropatterned films of the biodegradable polymer. Finally, a thermal fusion bonding process is used to seal the biodegradable PLGA films, forming closed microfluidic channels at the capillary size-scale. Film thicknesses from 100μm-1mm are demonstrated with features having 2μm resolution and 0.2μm precision. Scanning electron micrographs of bonded biodegradable films reveal no observable bond interface and no significant pattern deformation. Bonded microfluidic channels are capable of supporting more than 30psi during flow studies, and we have used the processes to develop complex microfluidic networks for cell culture and implantation as well as simple channels to verify the fluid dynamics in the degradable microchannels. The processes described here are high resolution and fully biodegradable. In addition, they are fast, inexpensive, reproducible, and scalable, making them ideal for both rapid prototyping and manufacturing of tissue engineering scaffolds.
Disposable Smart Plastic Biochips For Clinical Diagnostics
Authors: Ahn Chong H. , Choi Jin-Woo , Kim Sanghyo , Sohn Young-Soo , Puntambekar Aniruddha , Murugesan Suresh , Beaucage Gregory , Nevin Joseph H.
Published: February 2017

This paper presents an overview of the development of novel disposable smart plastic fluidic biochips for clinical diagnostic applications. The biochip is manufactured using a low-cost, rapid turn around injection molding/embossing process on a plastic substrate. The plastic fluidic biochip uses a novel sPROMs (structurally programmable microfluidic system) approach to achieve passive control of fluidic sequencing [1-2]. The plastic biochip also uses an on-chip pressurized air source for fluidic movement thus eliminating the need for active driving mechanisms and allowing for a truly disposable approach. Furthermore, electrochemical biosensors are also integrated on-chip to analyze various metabolically significant parameters such as PO2(partial pressure of oxygen), Glucose, Lactate,and pH. The fluidic biochip is being developed for point-of-care health monitoring applications where parameters such as small size, simplicity of operation, disposability, reduced cross-contamination are vital. The issues mentioned above are successfully addressed using the approach of this work and are discussed in this paper.
High Performance Micromachined Planar Field-Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometers for Chemical and Biological Compound Detection
Authors: Miller Raanan A. , Zapata Angela , Nazarov Erkinjon G. , Krylov Evgeny , Eiceman Gary A.
Published: February 2017

The micromachined Planar High Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometer (PFAIMS) is a novel detector for chemical and biological sensing applications. This detector fills an unmet market need, providing spectrometer capabilities and extremely high sensitivity, at a cost comparable to stand-alone sensors. The PFAIMS is quantitative, and has detection limits down to the parts-per-trillion. The performance of the PFAIMS in a number of applications ranging from industrial to biomedical, where it is used as both a stand alone sensor, and as a gas chromatographic detector are demonstrated. These applications include the detection of xylene isomers and non-invasive medical diagnosis through breath analysis.
Dielectrophoretic Orientation, Manipulation and Separation of Live and Heat-Treated Cells of Listeria on Microfabricated Devices with Interdigitated Electrodes
Authors: Li Haibo , Bashir Rashid
Published: February 2017

Dielectrophoresis, the movement of particles in non-uniform AC electric field, was used to separate live and heat-treated Listeria innocua cells with great efficiency on micro-fabricated devices with interdigitated electrodes by utilizing the difference of dielectric properties between live and dead cells. Both live and dead cells are found to be only able to collect either at the centers of the electrodes in negative dielectrophoresis or at the electrode edges in positive dielectrophoresis. Cell viability was characterized by a rapid method using epifluorescence staining. The dependency of the applied AC signal's frequency on the dielectrophoresis of different cells, as well as the orientation of the cells on the electrodes in the dielectrophoresis, is also observed and discussed. This on-electrode manipulation and separation of cells can prove to be useful in micro-scale diagnostic applications in biochips.
Batch Fabrication of Nanopillars for Autonomous Nanofluidic SERS Arrays
Authors: Pio Michael S. , Kwon Sunghoon , Choi Yang-Kyu , Lee Luke P.
Published: February 2017

We have investigated a nanopillar-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for future multiplexed nanofluidic SERS (nanoSERS) arrays. Without using e-beam or focus ion beam method, we have accomplished this simple and batch processed nanoSERS arrays on a chip, which is economical and mass producible. The polysilicon nanopillar structures are fabricated on top of a silicon wafer using optical lithography, reactive ion etching and passivation steps. High aspect ratio pillar-like nanostructures and spacing are controlled by the reactive ion etching gas and passivation steps. The heights of nanopillars ranged from 0.1μm to 0.3mm and their diameters ranged from 20 nm to 100 nm. A thin gold (10-20 nm) layer is evaporated on top of the nanopillar surfaces for further surface enhancements. The Raman shifts were measured for 10-3M of 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride dye in solution using a 500mWnear infrared laser (785 nm). A direct correlation between the density of nanopillars and the intensity of Raman enhancement is observed. The SERS spectra through thin PyrexTMglass and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are characterized to find the optimized nanofluidic materials for an autonomous multiplexing biomolecular detection schemes.
Low-Temperature LPCVD MEMS Technologies
Authors: Howe Roger T. , King Tsu-Jae
Published: February 2017

This paper describes recent research on LPCVD processes for the fabrication of high-quality micro-mechanical structures on foundry CMOS wafers. In order to avoid damaging CMOS electronics with either aluminum or copper metallization, the MEMS process temperatures should be limited to a maximum of 450°C. This constraint rules out the conventional polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) as a candidate structural material for post-CMOS integrated MEMS. Polycrystalline silicon-germanium (poly-SiGe) alloys are attractive for modular integration of MEMS with electronics, because they can be deposited at much lower temperatures than poly-Si films, yet have excellent mechanical properties. In particular, in-situ doped p-type poly-SiGe films deposit rapidly at low temperatures and have adequate conductivity without post-deposition annealing. Poly-Ge can be etched very selectively to Si, SiGe, SiO2 and Si3N4 in a heated hydrogen peroxide solution, and can therefore be used as a sacrificial material to eliminate the need to protect the CMOS electronics during the MEMS-release etch. Low-resistance contact between a structural poly-SiGe layer and an underlying CMOS metal interconnect can be accomplished by deposition of the SiGe onto a typical barrier metal exposed in contact windows. We conclude with directions for further research to develop poly-SiGe technology for integrated inertial, optical, and RF MEMS applications.
Spectrally Resolved Cathodoluminescence (SRCL) of Hydrothermal ZnO crystals
Authors: Mass J. , Avella M. , Jiménez J. , Callahan M. , Grant E. , Rakes K. , Bliss D. , Wang Buguo
Published: February 2017

Large hydrothermal ZnO crystals were grown using 3N NaOH, 1N KOH and 0.5N Li2CO3mineralizer. The crystals were studied by cathodoluminescence (CL), showing a good crystalline quality. Different growth regions were identified by CL imaging. These regions were characterized by their corresponding luminescence spectra, showing that the incorporation of impurities and non radiative recombination centers depend on the growth sector. The surface is shown to introduce band tailing modifying the high energy part of the spectrum. The main spectral signatures of each sector are discussed.
The Voices in urban buses
Authors: Bolaño Sandoval Adalberto
Published: February 2017

El libro revela una escritura académica elaborada con rigurosidad intelectual y al mismo tiempo flexibilidad en el tratamiento de problemas o temas, ajustada a las necesidades temáticas y argumentativas desde la sociolingüística, la historia y la cultura. Así, adquiere solidez en su exposición teórica, en el desarrollo de los objetivos propuestos y la consecución de los resultados esperados
Motivation of youth students with use of cell phones/Motivación de jóvenes universitarios hacia el uso de teléfonos celulares
Authors: Herrera-Mendoza Ketty Milena , Acuña Rodríguez Mónica Patricia , Gil Vega Laura
Published: February 2017

Los teléfonos celulares son hoy en día más que un medio de comunicación,  incluyen una serie de aplicaciones que se configuran como centro de entretenimiento personalizado, atractivo para todos.  Sin embargo, las formas de consumo de telefonía celular en los  jóvenes, han generado una ruptura con los mecanismos de interacción y socialización tradicionales, que han conducido a la configuración de una nueva cultura juvenil, incluyendo nuevos movimientos tecnológicos formas móviles de expresión. (Estupiñan, J & Chaparro, D. 2009). El desarrollo de  la presente investigación, tuvo como  objetivo principal  describir los motivos que conducen a los jóvenes universitarios al uso de teléfonos celulares.  Con base en la teoría de la motivación de Hoyer, & Macinnis. (2010), se siguió una metodología de tipo cuantitativa, donde se analizaron las dimensiones “Relevancia personal”, “Riesgo percibido” e “incongruencia con las actitudes” en cuanto al uso de teléfonos móviles.  Se seleccionó una muestra de 200 sujetos, a quienes se les aplicó una escala tipo Likert.  Los resultados obtenidos indican niveles de favorabilidad para las tres subesacalas analizadas, en el caso de“Incongruencia con las Actitudes”, representada por un 67%;  “Relevancia personal”, 54,5% y “Riesgo percibido” 42% de favorabilidad respecto a la muestra general.
Recruiting forced from children and adolescents: from victims to perpetrators/Reclutamiento forzado de niños, niñas y adolescentes: de víctimas a victimarios
Authors: Ortiz Jiménez William
Published: February 2017

En el presente ensayo se desarrolla la tesis de que el reclutamiento forzado que sufren niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) en sus decisiones como personas humanas y, victimarios, porque igualmente cometen actos ilícitos, actúan  al margen de la ley, razón por la cual se les impone la normatividad internacional para ser juzgados y perseguidos como actores  del conflicto armado.El ensayo se desarrolló mediante una metodología cualitativa y de contrastación teórica, así como la selección, depuración y análisis de diversos textos, ensayos e investigaciones relacionados con el tema y que dieran cuenta sobre el reclutamiento forzado de los NNA en los diferentes grupos alzados en armas y sus posteriores implicaciones sociopolíticas
Paths of life and construction televidences. A critical analysis of reception study/Trayectos de vida y construcción de televidencias. Un estudio a la luz del análisis crítico de recepción
Authors: Zabala Sandoval Juan David
Published: February 2017

El presente texto plantea una investigación de tipo descriptiva que busca analizar y evidenciar procesos de construcción de televidencias, entendidas como estrategias de videncia que se estructuran con respecto a las pertenencias grupales e institucionales de los sujetos a partir de un enfoque cualitativo de relatos de vida y entrevistas a profundidad. Se encontró que hay una cercanía a las trayectorias vitales y la instauración de prácticas y pactos de videncia televisiva, lo que llevó a identificar dos televidencias principales, la concerniente al entretenimiento y la respectiva al consumo de información noticiosa. Además, se muestra que la televisión tiene un papel central en el establecimiento de jerarquías familiares y en el planteamiento de restricciones y rituales. Finalmente, las estrategias de videncia conllevaron a la toma de postura de los sujetos frente al medio televisivo y sus contenidos y programaciones, lo que dio origen a procesos reflexivos y autoreflexivos base de elaboraciones subjetivas y negociaciones intersubjetivas con la pantalla audiovisual.