bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrição enteral precoce em neonatos prematuros e com baixo peso: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Alves Mata de , Cônsolo Fernanda Zanoni , Gauna Silvania Côrrea , Oliveira Fernanda Menezes Paraguaçu de
Published: October 2022

Estabelecer critérios de nutrição enteral padronizada, mais agressiva, com um início de alimentação trófica nas primeiras 24 horas e o avanço gradual da alimentação enteral, parece ter um efeito positivo em evitar a desnutrição pós-natal em neonatos prematuros e de baixo peso. O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar o conhecimento evidenciado na literatura científica sobre nutrição enteral precoce, dieta trófica e rápida, comparando diversos estudos sobre a temática. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com pesquisa com coleta de dados secundários. Os artigos científicos deste estudo são os pertencentes às bases de dados do LILACS e do MEDLINE, com os seguintes descritores: “recém-nascido prematuro”, “terapia nutricional” e “recomendações nutricionais”. A nutrição precoce e rápida promoveu ganho de peso, desenvolvimento neurológico, alcance da nutrição plena mais rápido, redução do tempo de internação e dos episódios de enterocolite necrotizante, dentre outros benefícios.
Estabilidade de emulsões lipídicas ricas em ômega-3 para preparo de microcápsulas para aditivo de leite humano para recém-nascidos prematuros
Authors: Rosa Teresa Cristina Abranches , Porto Karla Rejane de Andrade , Vargas Márcio Olívio Figueiredo , Palhares Durval Batista
Published: October 2022

Leite humano é o alimento de escolha para prematuros de baixo peso, mas seu processamento e administração ocasiona perdas nutricionais. Estudos vêm propondo aditivos do leite humano, e o desafio é buscar técnicas para uma eficaz suplementação de lipídeos, com ênfase no ômega-3, devido a sua importância no desenvolvimento neurológico e integridade celular. O objetivo foi desenvolver e testar emulsões contendo óleo fonte de ômega-3 para fabricação de microcápsulas para adição em leite humano. O estudo experimental utilizou óleo de peixe, lecitina de soja como emulsificante e amido e maltodextrina como materiais de parede com posterior liofilização para produção de pós das microcápsulas. As análises da estabilidade e das características do produto apresentaram resultados positivos, sendo alternativa viável de adição de lipídeos ao leite humano. Futuras análises permitirão o estudo do comportamento do produto acrescido ao leite humano e subsidiarão pesquisas sobre aditivos ao leite humano para crianças em vulnerabilidade.
Supercontinuum Generation in Graphene Oxide Coated Waveguides
Authors: Moss David
Published: October 2022

Enhanced supercontinuum generation (SCG) is experimentally demonstrated in integrated silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides incorporating highly nonlinear graphene oxide (GO) in the form of two-dimensional (2D) films. On-chip integration of the 2D GO films with precise control of their thickness is realized by using a transfer-free and layer-by-layer coating method. The control of the film length and coating position is achieved via window opening in the upper silica cladding of the photonic integrated chips. Detailed SCG measurements are performed using the fabricated devices with different waveguide geometries and GO film thicknesses, and the results are compared with devices without GO. Significantly improved spectral broadening of ultrashort optical pulses with ultrahigh peaks powers exceeding 1000 W is observed for the hybrid devices, achieving up to 2.4 times improvement in the spectral bandwidth relative to devices without GO. Theoretical analyses for the influence of GO film thickness, coating length, coating position, and waveguide geometry are also provided by fitting the experimental results with theory, showing that there is still significant room for further improvement. This work opens up a promising new avenue towards improving the SCG performance of photonic integrated devices by incorporating functional 2D materials.
Life-Course Persistent Antisocial Behavior and Accelerated Biological Aging in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort
Authors: Langevin Stephanie , Caspi Ashalom , Barnes J. C. , Brennan Grace , Poulton Richie , Purdy Suzanne C. , Ramrakha Sandhya , Tanksley Peter T. , Thorne Peter R. , Wilson Graham , Moffitt Terrie E.
Published: October 2022

Prior research shows that individuals who have exhibited antisocial behavior are in poorer health than their same-aged peers. A major driver of poor health is aging itself, yet research has not investigated relationships between offending trajectories and biological aging. We tested the hypothesis that individuals following a life-course persistent (LCP) antisocial trajectory show accelerated aging in midlife. Trajectories of antisocial behavior from age 7 to 26 years were studied in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, a population-representative birth cohort (N=1037). Signs of aging were assessed at age 45 years using previously validated measures including biomarkers, clinical tests, and self-reports. First, we tested whether the association between antisocial behavior trajectories and midlife signs of faster aging represented a decline from initial childhood health. We then tested whether decline was attributable to tobacco smoking, antipsychotic medication use, debilitating illnesses in adulthood, adverse exposures in childhood (maltreatment, socioeconomic disadvantage) and adulthood (incarceration), and to childhood self-control difficulties. Study members with a history of antisocial behavior had a significantly faster pace of biological aging by midlife, and this was most evident among individuals following the LCP trajectory (β, .22, 95%CI, .14, .28, p.001). This amounted to 4.3 extra years of biological aging between ages 25-45 years for Study members following the LCP trajectory compared to low-antisocial trajectory individuals. LCP offenders also experienced more midlife difficulties with hearing (β, -.14, 95%CI, -.21, -.08, p.001), balance (β, -.13, 95%CI, -.18, -.06, p.001), gait speed (β, -.18, 95%CI, -.24, -.10, p.001), and cognitive functioning (β, -.25, 95%CI, -.31, -.18, p.001). Associations represented a decline from childhood health. Associations persisted after controlling individually for tobacco smoking, antipsychotic medication use, midlife illnesses, maltreatment, socioeconomic status, incarceration, and childhood self-control difficulties. However, the cumulative effect of these lifestyle characteristics together explained why LCP offenders have a faster Pace of Aging than their peers. While older adults typically age-out of crime, LCP offenders will likely age-into the healthcare system earlier than their chronologically same-aged peers. Preventing young people from offending is likely to have substantial benefits for health, and people engaging in a LCP trajectory of antisocial behaviors might be the most in need of health promotion programs. We offer prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the financial burden of offenders on health care systems and improve their wellbeing.
On the Origin of the Common Reactivity and Properties of Heme Peroxidases: A DFT Study
Authors: Ramos Daniel R. , Furtmüller Paul G. , Obinger Christian , Peña-Gallego Ángeles , Pérez-Juste Ignacio , Santaballa J. Arturo
Published: October 2022

Electronic structure calculations have been carried out to examine the effect of protonation and water molecules on the heme group of peroxidases in different redox (ferric, ferrous, compounds I and II) and spin states. Shared geometries, spectroscopic properties at Soret region, and thermodynamics of peroxidases are discussed. B3LYP and M06-2X density functionals with different basis sets were employed on a common molecular model of the active site (Fe-centred porphine and proximal imidazole). Computed Gibbs free energies indicate that the corresponding aquo complexes are not thermodynamically stable, supporting the five-coordinate Fe(III) centre in native ferric peroxidases, with a water molecule located at a non-bonding distance. Protonation of the ferryl oxygen of compound II is discussed in terms of thermodynamics, Fe–O bond distances, and redox properties. It is demonstrated that this protonation is necessary to account for the experimental data and computed Gibbs free energies that reveal pKa values of compound II about 8.5 – 9.0. Computation suggests that the origin of the general oxidative properties of peroxidase species, as well as their reactivity towards water and protons and Soret spectral properties, mostly resides on the iron porphyrin and its proximal ligand histidine.
Modeling Community Residents’ Exercise Adherence and Life Satisfaction: An Application of the Influence of the Reference Group
Authors: Song Huimin , Zeng Wei , Zeng Tingting
Published: October 2022

To expand the application area of the reference group and enrich exercise theoretical research, based on Stimulus-Organism-Response (S–O-R) framework, this study examines the factors that motivate for adherence to exercise from the external. Taking reference group and strategy and cultural fit as the main stimulus, and personal investment and life satisfaction as mediating variables, this study try to explore the influence of external stimulus on residents’ exercise behavior. In order to enrich the sample size, two surveys of 734 Chinese residents in two cities (Xiamen vs. Fuzhou) were conducted using factor analyses, regression analysis, and T-test analysis. The results indicated that the reference group and strategic and cultural fit as external stimulus have impact on residents’personal investment, life satisfaction and exercise adherence, personal investment and life satisfaction as the organism has impact on residents’ exercise adherence. Personal investment and life satisfaction play a chain mediating role between the reference group and exercise adherence, strategy and cultural fit, and exercise adherence. Moreover, the T-test determined the differences between Xiamen and Fuzhou residents’ exercise adherence and life satisfaction. Residents’ surroundings affect their exercise behavior and life satisfaction. These findings have implications for policymaking aimed at promoting national exercise, which could gradually improve residents’ physical fitness, particularly in light of the current coronavirus emergency.
Epidemiology-Based Analysis of the Risks and Elimination Strategies of the Monkeypox Outbreak in 2022
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming , Chen Rui-Xu , Gong Huan-Yu , Zhao Meng-Meng , Ji Yu-Fei , Sun Ming-Hui , Li Guo-Hui , Tan Su-Mei , Zhang Gui-Hong , Chen Ji-Wang
Published: October 2022

Monkeypox, caused by monkeypox virus, has spread unprecedentedly to more than 100 countries since May 2022. Here we summarized the epidemiology of monkeypox through a literature review and elucidated the risks and the elimination strategies of this outbreak mainly based on the summarized epidemiology. We demonstrated that monkeypox virus became more contagious and less virulent in 2022, which could result from the fact that the virus entered a special transmission network favoring close contacts (i.e., sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men) and/or the possibility that the virus accumulated a few adaptive mutations. We gave the reasons to investigate whether cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs are susceptible to monkeypox virus and whether infection of monkeypox virus could be latent in some primates. We listed six potential scenarios about the future of the outbreak (e.g., the outbreak could lead to endemicity outside Africa with increased transmissibility or virulence). We also listed multiple factors aiding or impeding the elimination of the outbreak. We showed that the control measures strengthened worldwide after the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) could well control but could not eliminate the outbreak in 2022. We clarified eight strategies, i.e., publicity and education, case isolation, vaccine stockpiling, risk-based vaccination or ring vaccination, importation quarantine, international collaboration, and laboratory management, for the elimination of the outbreak.
Interclonal Mutually Beneficial Cooperation Mediated by TGF-β1 Enhances Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Carneiro Caroline S. , Hapeman Jorian D. , Nedelcu Aurora M.
Published: October 2022

Intratumour heterogeneity is often associated with poor response to treatment and bad prognosis. In addition to genetic and epigenetic sources, phenotypic heterogeneity can also reflect plastic responses to signals from other cells. The latter can be mediated by various cell-cell interactions, from antagonistic (i.e., competition) to commensalistic or cooperative (mutually beneficial or altruistic). Positive exchanges can increase the fitness of clones and contribute to tumour growth, resistance to drugs and metastasis. Consequently, understanding the pathways involved in such interactions is of great significance for cancer treatment. This study used two breast cancer cell lines with different aggressiveness levels and very different secretome profiles (i.e., MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) to address the nature and mechanistic basis of interclonal crosstalk through paracrine signalling involving soluble factors during the early stages of metastasis. Our data show that MDA-MB-231 is able to recruit MCF7, through TGFβ1-mediated paracrine signalling, into expressing mesenchymal features and increased migration. On the other hand, MCF7 has no effect on the migration of MDA, suggesting a passive/commensalistic interaction. However, we found that the invasive potentials of both lines are enhanced when they are co-cultured, indicating that the two lines act synergistically and that such interclonal interactions can be mutually beneficial in vivo. Taking into account the negative impact that metastasis has on cancer prognosis and the lack of therapies to directly affect this process, interfering with the specific cooperative behaviours that tumour cells engage in during tumour progression should provide an additional strategy to increase patient survival.
Digital Skills, Perceptions of Dr. Google, and Attitudes of e-Health Solutions among Polish Physicians: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Burzyńska Joanna , Bartosiewicz Anna , Januszewicz Paweł
Published: October 2022

The investment in digital e-Health services is a priority direction in the development of global health care systems. While people are increasingly using the Web for health information, it is not entirely clear what is the physicians’ attitude towards digital transformation, and the acceptance of new technologies in healthcare. The aim of this cross-sectional survey study was to investigate physicians’ self-digital skills, and their opinions on obtaining online health knowledge by patients, as well as the recognition of physicians’ attitudes towards e-Health solutions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to emerge the variables from self-designed questionnaire, and cross-sectional analysis comparing descriptive statistics and correlations for dependent variables using the one-way ANOVA (F-test). 307 physicians participated in the study, reported using the internet mainly several times a day (66.8%). Most participants (70.4%) were familiar with new technologies and rate their e-Health literacy high, although 84.0% reported the need for additional training in this field, and reported a need to introduce a larger number of subjects shaping digital skills (75.9%) in medical studies 53.4% of physicians perceived Internet-sourced information as sometimes reliable, and in general assessed the effects of using it by their patients negatively (41.7%). Digital skills increased significantly with frequency of internet use (F = 13.167; p = 0.0001), and decreased with physicians’ age, and the need for training. Those who claimed that patients often experienced health benefits from online health showed higher digital skills (-1.06). Physicians most often recommended their patients to obtain laboratory test results online (32.2%), and to arrange medical appointments via the Internet (27.0%). Along with the deterioration of physicians’ digital skills, the recommendation of e-Health solutions decreased (r = 0.413), and lower the assessment of e-Health solutions for the patient (r = 0.449). Physicians perceive digitization as a sign of the times, and frequently use its tools in daily practice. The evaluation of Dr. Google’s phenomenon and online health is directly related to their own e-Health literacy skills, but there is still a need for practical training to deal with digital revolution.
Soft Skill Analysis: Rasch Model on Generation Z in Greater Jakarta
Authors: Herlina Maria Grace , Syahchari Dicky Hida
Published: October 2022

Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been identified as a good predictor of academic success. A multigenerational study says that Gen Z is inclusive because they place a high value on human interactions, which indicates EI. Rasch Model Analysis was used to explore Gen Zers' emotional intelligence based on their academic success. Gen Z students with high GPAs may have more emotional intelligence (EI) than those with low GPAs. A personal survey questionnaire and convenience sampling collected data from Gen Z students in Greater Jakarta higher education institutions. A Rasch Model analysis shows disparities in EI levels across students with high and low GPAs, yet the students with high GPAs do not have direct EI since the difference in EI level based on GPA is statistically insignificant. According to the Rasch Model Analysis, gen Z's EI is primarily high. EI. In terms of EI dimensions, Self Awareness dimensions show Gen Z is open to feedback. In contrast, Self-Management believes that Generation Z students will see their flaws. According to the Social Awareness findings, Gen Z students would become friends with anyone. Meanwhile, the Relationship Management component demonstrates that Generation Z students seek mutually beneficial solutions.
Determinant Factors Driving Vocational Schools Students’ Intention to Use E-Learning
Authors: Karyaningsih Rr Ponco Dewi , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy
Published: October 2022

The involvement of e-learning in entrepreneurship education has invited the attention of scholars in developed and developing countries throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper examines the determinant factors driving intention to adopt e-learning entrepreneurship among vocational school students in Indonesia. A quantitative research method employed a survey model to explain in detail how the effect of endogenous variables on exogenous variables either directly or through moderator variables. A total of 430 vocational students in Jakarta of Indonesia were involved in this study and collected using the convenience technique. We are adopting Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) to estimate the proposed model. The findings indicate that teacher characteristic, learning content, playfulness, students’ perceived usefulness, and ease of use have a strong impact on the intention to use e-learning in entrepreneurship. The study also notes that variables perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use successfully moderated the effect of teacher characteristics, design of learning contents, and playfulness on the intention to use e-learning entrepreneurship. The findings of this research are the first step in studying the enactment of e-learning in entrepreneurship education.
The Impact of Planning Participatory Structure on EFL Learners’ Planning Processes
Authors: Zheng Wensha
Published: October 2022

Pre-task planning can be divided into individual planning and collaborative planning in terms of its planning participatory structures. This study aims to explore the influence of planning participatory structures on EFL learners’ planning processes. Results show that collaborative planning can improve students’ planning strategy use in all dimensions by analyzing the reflective journals and planning strategy questionnaires of participants. The study also reveals the whole detailed planning process under argumentative writing, which can give writing teaching some enlightenment.
Development of a Robotic Spine Surgery Program
Authors: Kuris Eren O. , Anderson George M. , Osorio Camilo , Basques Bryce , Alsoof Daniel , Daniels Alan H.
Published: October 2022

Surgical robots were invented in the 1980s, and since then, robotic-assisted surgery has become commonplace. In the field of spine surgery, robotic assistance is utilized mainly to place pedicle screws, and multiple studies have demonstrated that robots can increase the accuracy of screw placement and reduce radiation exposure to the patient and the surgeon. However, this may be at the cost of longer operative times, complications, and the risk of errors in mapping the patient’s anatomy.
Design of an Alphabet to Braille Letter Conversion Board Android based
Authors: Ferry Yoga Pratama  , Miftachul Ulum  , Haryanto  , Deni Tri Laksono
Published: October 2022

A blind person is someone who has problems in terms of vision. This can occur due to congenital factors or disease factors that can affect the eye. To be able to replace the role of the eye to read something, blind people are known as a writing system known as Braille. Braille letters are letters specially designed for blind people. The introduction of Braille letters has been carried out since the beginning by special school teachers using Braille cards. Due to the large number of characters, the card arrangement often seems to take time to find the desired character. The arrangement of cards like this means that learning can only be done in a special school environment and cannot be done by someone who is not a special school teacher. To assist teachers in teaching and to help ordinary people teach Braille to the blind, a tool called the Android-based conversion board for the alphabet to Braille is made.
Securing Input and Output Processes on The Web to Minimize SQL-Injection and XSS Attacks Using IDS and IPS Methods
Authors: Almaj Duddin Herlian Alyasa , Fitrani Arif Senja
Published: October 2022

Some of the gaps that exist in web applications are often encountered, such as input both in the input form and input in the url. One of the attacks that are often found in data input is SQL-injection and XSS. Therefore one of the precautions is to carry out data security measures in the input and output process. Here the author uses the IDS and IPS methods as security of input forms from SQL-injection and XSS attacks. IDS is used as a detection and recording of attacks while IPS functions as a blocking access to the website if SQL-injection and XSS attacks are detected. In this case filtering uses the preg_match () function where the writer inserts the word into preg_match () as a rule which later if the user inputs what is in the preg_match () rule then the user is trying to do an injection attack. The data retrieved by the IDS script are ip_address, injected files, scripts, browsers used. IPS uses ip_address as a rule to block access from users when doing injection. It is hoped that the IDS and IPS scripts created will help secure the input output process that is on the web in order to minimize the occurrence of SQL-injection and XSS attacks.
The Effect Of Load Balancing And Failover Of Two Wide Area Networks With Per Connection Classifier Method On Qos Throughput, Packet Loss, Qos Delay, And Qos Jitter
Authors: Hariadi Fajar , Alfa Ray Leo Lede Pingky , Melvy Kalaway Umbu
Published: October 2022

This study discussed the design and implementation of load balancing of two WANs so that the traffic load and bandwidth provided by both WANs could be used equally. The methods used in this research were observation and identification, network topology design, implementation, and testing. This study found that load balancing could divide the network load to all available gateways so that there was no overload on the network used by visitors. After implementing load balancing, the network throughput parameter increased 1.51% compared to the Indihome 1 network and 7.5% compared to the Indihome 2 network. The packet loss parameter increased by 99% compared to the Indihome 1 network and increased 90% compared to the Indihome 2 network. Network delay decreased by 1.33% compared to the Indihome 1 network, and decreased by 1.5% compared to the Indihome 2 network. The Network jitter parameter decreased by 0.93% compared to the Indihome 1 network and decreased by 1.54% compared to the Indihome 2 network.
Pocong Rush: Endless Runner Game Based On Finite State Machine
Authors: Nendya Matahari Bhakti , Redono Daru
Published: October 2022

Endless runner Game is a Game where the player will move continuously indefinitely to get the highest point in the Game. Endless runner Game is synonymous with challenges in the form of obstacles and collective items. This study focuses on setting challenges in the non-playable character (NPC) behavior so that they can provide more dynamic challenges. Obstacle, player and NPC settings use the Finite state Machine method which is implemented in an html 5 based Game engine Construct. The implementation results are in the form of an html 5 Game which is then tested through 2 testing stages, namely blackox testing and beta testing. The test results using blackbox testing show that all functionality in the Game can run well, including the behavior of NPCs based on the designed FSM. Beta testing shows that the majority of respondents who have played endless runner Games stated that they like horror Games with local content nuances and the impression of humor and that the average Game difficulty level based on NPC responses to players is 63.75%.
Development of Accounting Media to Help Financial Literacy for SMEs in Surabaya
Authors: Hari Yulius , Paramitha Melvie , Darmanto  , Trisno Indra Budi
Published: October 2022

Improvements in information technology and trade aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic provided a tremendous increase in financial inclusion, but unfortunately this was not matched by financial literacy, so that many MSMEs were disadvantaged by this. This activity aims to assist MSMEs in developing accounting media for MSMEs, so that they obtain real conditions related to more accurate bookkeeping. Data was collected by means of interviews and discussions. The results of discussions and observations with partners stated that a simple bookkeeping media was needed to help partners. Then from the results of this activity, they contribute in the form of simple accounting reporting media that help them manage finances better and provide reports that convey financial conditions quickly.
Global positioning with animal-borne pressure sensors
Authors: Nussbaumer Raphaël , Gravey Mathieu , Briedis Martins , Liechti Felix
Published: October 2022

Background
Over the past decades, tracking technologies have become more ubiquitous and helped uncover crucial spatio-temporal relationships in nature. To extend the tracking of small animals and reduce any potential adverse impact of devices, methodologies compatible with light-weight devices are sought after. Measured by light-weight geolocators, atmospheric pressure provides an untapped opportunity for global geopositioning, as its natural temporal variation is unique to each location.
Method
In this study, we estimate the position of birds by comparing pressure data recorded by the geolocator with reference data from a global weather reanalysis database. The method produces a likelihood map of the position based on (1) a mask of the locations for which the ground level elevation matches the pressure measured by the geolocator and (2) a likelihood of the mismatch between the temporal timeseries measured by the geolocator and the reanalysis dataset. This new method is introduced step by step and applied to 16 tracks from nine long- and short-distance migrant species.
Results
Using known positions of double-tagged individuals (light and pressure data), we demonstrate that our method is almost three times more accurate than light-based positioning with an average error of 44 km in our trials. In contrast to the traditional light-based approach, pressure geolocation can provide useful information for short stationary periods (less than a day) and is not affected by the equinox-problem, nor any shading effects due to weather or animal behaviour. To facilitate the application of the method, we developed an R package (GeoPressureR), together with a user guide (GeoPressureManual) and starting code (GeoPressureTemplate).
Conclusion
The use of pressure sensors to position animals has the potential to become widespread, thanks to affordable light-weight devices (<0.4 g) with a method to precisely and accurately estimate position, identify stopover locations, ultimately map a full migratory trajectory. This method broadens the reach of application of affordable light-weight tracking devices to short-distant migrants (>200km), forest-dwelling species, nocturnal animals and altitudinal migrants.
Risk Factors for Insufficient Reduction After Short-Segment Posterior Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Does the Interval from Injury Onset to Surgery Affect Reduction of Fractured Vertebrae?
Authors: Aono Hiroyuki , Takenaka Shota , Okuda Akinori , Kikuchi Takeshi , Takeshita Hiroshi , Nagata Keiji , Ito Yasuo
Published: October 2022

Background: Many surgeons have encountered patients who could not immediately undergo surgery to treat spinal fractures because they had associated injuries and/or because a complete diagnosis was delayed. For such patients, practitioners might assume that delays could mean that the eventual reduction would be insufficient. However, no report covered risk factors for insufficient reduction of fractured vertebra including duration from injury onset to surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for insufficient reduction after short-segment fixation of thoracolumbar burst fractures.
Methods: Our multicenter study included 253 patients who sustained a single thoracolumbar burst fracture and underwent short-segment fixation. We measured the local vertebral body angle (VBA) on roentgenograms, before and after surgery, and then calculated the reduction angle and reduction rate of the fractured vertebra by using the following formula:
[(Preoperative VBA – Postoperative VBA) / Preoperative VBA] × 100
A multiple logistical regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for insufficient reduction. The factors that we evaluated were age, gender, affected spine level, time elapsed from injury to surgery, inclusion of vertebroplasty with surgery, load-sharing score (LSS), AO classification (type A or B), preoperative VBA, and the ratio of canal compromise before surgery.
Results: There were 140 male and 113 female patients, with an average age of 43 years, and the mean time elapsed between injury and surgery was 3.8 days. The mean reduction angle was 12°, and the mean reduction rate was 76%. The mean LSS was 6.4 points. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that a higher LSS, a larger preoperative VBA, a younger age, and being female disposed patients to having a larger reduction angle and reduction rate. The time elapsed from injury to surgery had no relation to the quality of fracture reduction in the acute period.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that if there is no neurologic deficit, it is not necessary to hurry surgical reduction of fractured vertebrae in the acute phase.
Growth Stunting and Nutritional Deficiencies Among Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease in Kuwait: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Al-Mahmoud Esraa , Alkazemi Dalal Usamah Zaid , Al-Qabandi Wafaa
Published: October 2022

Background
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. It can lead to chronic bowel inflammation and cause serious adverse consequences on children's health and development, including failure to thrive (FTT) or impaired growth. Currently, data on pediatric CD in Kuwait are limited.
Objective
We aimed to assess the nutritional status of children and adolescents with CD in Kuwait and investigate the nutritional deficiencies and sociodemographic factors associated with growth stunting in this population.
Methods
This case-control study included aged 3–18 years. Cases (n = 77) were diagnosed with CD using IgA-anti tissue transglutaminase (IgA TTG antibodies) and duodenal biopsy and compared to a healthy control group (n = 33). Nutritional status was evaluated using demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical parameters. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the association between CD and growth stunting.
Results
Approximately a third (31%) of children with CD had stunted growth, 20.8% had low BMI for age, and 5.2% had both growth stunting and wasting. Children with CD had higher odds of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) [OR = 8.00 [1.771–36.135]; p = .007; and vitamin D deficiency [OR = 6.65 [1.91–16.71], p = .002. Lower socioeconomic status [aOR = .309 (.169-.565), p < .001], anemia [aOR = 14.76 (2.41–90.36), p = .004], decreased serum level of vitamin D [aOR = .369 (.181-.753), p = .006], and being in a younger age group [aOR = .284 (.114-.707), p = .007] were factors significantly associated with higher risk of CD, explaining more than 50% of the risk (R2 = .509). For growth stunting, lower education status in the mother [aOR = .380 (.177-.817), p = .013], lower family income [aOR = .458 (.235-.894), p = .022], and lower serum ferritin [aOR = .227 (.060-.860), p = .029] were identified as risk factors (R2 = 516).
Conclusion
A significant proportion of children and adolescents with CD had malnutrition, overt deficiencies, and impaired growth despite coherence with a gluten free diet (GFD). Screening for deficiencies and regular follow-up with a dietitian are important to track dietary habits, follow up on GFD adherence, and correct nutritional deficiencies. Special attention should be paid to children from families with economic disparities.
Prognostic nomogram for ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with liver metastasis: Results from SEER database and National Cancer Center of China
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Guo Chunguang , Sun Chongyuan , Li Zefeng , Chen Yingtai , Che Xu , Zhao Dongbing
Published: October 2022

Background: The liver was the most common metastatic site in ampullary adenocarcinoma (AC) patients. This study aims to investigate the overall survival and to establish a prognostic nomogram for AC patients with liver metastasis.
Methods:AC patients with liver metastasis were retrospectively reviewed in the National Cancer Center of China and SEER database. The Cox proportional hazard model was performed to determine the independent prognostic risk factors. Then the prognostic nomogram was established and the internal validation was performed to assess the predictive value of the model. In addition, the area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analyses (DCA) were conducted to validate the nomogram model.
Results: A total of 4305 AC patients in the SEER database and 237 AC patients in the National Cancer Center of China were initially retrieved. The overall incidence of liver metastasis in AC patients was 6.3% (132 patients). Overall, the 1-year, 2-year and 5-year OS in AC patients with liver metastasis were 31.2%, 18.0%, and 4.3%. The survival analysis demonstrated that age [HR: 1.536, 95%CI: 1.031-2.289, P = 0.035], poor differentiation [HR: 2.320, 95%CI: 1.156-4.655, P=0.018] were independent risk factors for OS. Based on this, a prognostic nomogram was established. The C-index for the internal validation was 0.677. The internal calibration curve, ROC curve (AUC: 0.714), and DCA curve showed relatively good predictive ability of the current nomogram.
Conclusions: The prognosis for AC patients with liver metastasis were poor. A prognostic overall survival nomogram for AC patients with liver metastasis was established and showed relatively good predictive ability. Nevertheless, further prospective studies with large sample are needed to validate our results.
Factors correlated with hearing aids adherence in elderly subjects: a prospective controlled study
Authors: Ghiselli Sara , Soncini Arianna , Enrico Fabrizi , Laborai Andrea , Cuda Domenico
Published: October 2022

Background:
Population ageing is a global phenomenon. Hearing loss prevalence, indeed, increases with age. Hearing loss in elderly deteriorates hearing abilities and consequently cognition, sociality, sensitivity and the quality of life. Different studies reported that hearing aids have a positive effect on the cognitive outcome but most of them do not compare the performances before and after the hearing aids (HA) fitting. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the adherence to HA use in a group of elderly people one year after their first fitting. In particular, we want to analyze which factors influence the adherence. Subsequently, we evaluated the evolution of the different parameters analyzed after one year of HA use.
Methods:
86 elderly patients affected by moderate or moderate to severe hearing loss were consecutively recruited. They were evaluated during two assessments: one before (Pre) and one after one year of first HA experience (Post). Audiometric measures, questionnaires and a cognitive test were performed at each assessment. More details about study design and inclusion/exclusion criteria are reported in our previously published study protocol.
Results:
69.8% of the participants continued to use HA one year after the first fitting. At the comparisons USERS were younger than NON-USERS. Furthermore users have a statistically better unaided auditory threshold and basic cognitive status. No differences were found in speech audiometry, HHIE and Quality of life score.
39 patients completed Pre and Post evaluations. Significant improvements in speech audiometry and auditory threshold, HHIE, AQoL and IOI-HA score were observed. No difference was found in MOCA score.
Conclusions:
An high percentage of adherence to HA use has been observed in elderly with moderate or moderate to severe HL. The adherence to HA use is correlated with lower age, lower hearing loss degree, good basal cognitive capacities and better quality of life perception at first fitting. Use of hearing aids over time, leads to an improvement of the auditory performances, a reduction of the effect of the hearing impairment in everyday situations and absence of deterioration of the cognitive functions. Bilateral device users experience better performances and satisfaction than monolateral.
Trial registration: This research was retrospectively registered under no. NCT04333043 at ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/) on the 26 March 2020. This research has been registered with the Ethics Committee of the Area Vasta Emilia Nord under number 104, date of approval 17/07/2017.
All-dielectric Huygens’ meta-waveguides for resonant integrated photonics
Authors: Sirmaci Yunus , Gomez Angela Barreda , Pertsch Thomas , Schmid Jens , Cheben Pavel , Staude Isabelle
Published: October 2022

The growing maturity of nanofabrication technology has recently enabled the deployment of high-quality subwavelength nanostructures on photonic chips. A combination of existing photonic waveguide technology with nanophotonics and paradigms adapted from the field of optical metamaterials opens new avenues towards photonic integrated circuits providing unprecedented control of guided light waves. However, developing new functionalities while preserving both compatibility with current technology and the efficiencies required by existing and emerging applications remains a major challenge in on-chip nanophotonics. Here, we propose and demonstrate a radically new type of silicon nanophotonic waveguide consisting of a chain of resonantly forward scattering nanoparticles empowered by spectrally overlapping electric and magnetic dipolar Mie-type resonances. The propagation loss of the realized meta-waveguides in the telecom spectral range is as low as 0.4 dB/mm, exceeding the current record for Mie-resonant waveguides by more than an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the meta-waveguides support a negative group index over a broad spectral range of 60 nm and several millimeters of propagation distance, as well as regions of vanishing and anomalous dispersion within the transmission band. Finally, we show that meta-waveguide architectures composed of resonantly forward scattering nanoparticles can implement sharp bends with bending radii below 3 µm, and efficiently split the input signal within just 315 nm propagation length. Our work does not only contribute to addressing the challenges of miniaturization, dispersion and scattering control in on-chip photonics, but furthermore opens up completely new opportunities for enhanced light-matter interactions, interfacing with nanophotonic components, as well as nonlinear, ultrafast and quantum optics in resonant integrated light-guiding architectures.
Municipal waste management using multiple disposal location arc routing and waste segregation approach - a real life case study in England
Authors: Hirbod Fatemeh , Karimi Tourandokht , Mohammadnazari Zahra , Aghsami Amir , Rabbani Masoud
Published: October 2022

The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is recognized as one of the most important operations in municipalities. It calls for significant amounts of both fixed and variable costs and investments. The majority of these costs are comprised of the operational procedures of collecting, transportation, and disposal. Within the scope of this paper, multiple disposal location arc routing problems (LARP) with vehicle capacity limitation and consideration of waste segregation are investigated. The LARP model will point out the optimal places for the depot as well as the three trash disposal sites. In other words, waste segregation is analyzed in this problem. The different types of optimization objectives and constraints on LARP model are concentrated towards improving waste collection and minimizing the cost. Also, a triangle fuzzy parameter is defined as the demand. Furthermore, future research gaps are identified by investigating of various key issues of the existing methods. A real case study is investigated in UK to test the performance and applicability of the proposed model. Finally, several sensitivity analyses are performed with useful managerial insights in different conditions to analyze the changes in the objective function.
Elevated risk of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in husbands of women with anogenital cancer appears calendar-time dependent
Authors: Lehtinen Tuomas , Zhang Luayo , Sundquist Kristina , Sundqvist Jan , Waterboer Tim , Lehtinen Matti , Hemminki Kari
Published: October 2022

Purpose
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are associated with oropharyngeal cancer, especially tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC/BOTSCC). Our aim was to evaluate relative risk (RR) of TSCC/BOTSCC in the husbands of women with anogenital HPV-associated cancer using the Swedish family data linked to cancer diagnoses.
Methods
The database includes some 3.5 million families and 16 million individuals identified since 1932 and linked to cancer data of individuals from 1958 to 2015. We explored the RR of familial TSCC/BOTSCC in husbands diagnosed with TSCC/BOTSCC of women diagnosed with anogenital (anal, vulvo/vaginal, cervical) cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ as compared to husbands of healthy controls by calendar-time and age.
Results
In husbands of women with in situ cervical carcinoma, the RR for TSCC/BOTSCC was 2-fold both in the time period of 1969–2001 and in 2002–2015. The RR of TSCC/BOTSCC in husbands of women with invasive anogenital cancer increased by calendar-time and decreasing ages at diagnosis. The RR of TSCC/BOTSCC peaked at 9.4 (95% CI 1.80–49.4) in 2002–2015 in spouses diagnosed for invasive cancer both at age < 50 years.
Conclusion
These associations may be due to the increasing HPV population attributable fraction in TSCC/BOTSCC over time.
Rapid, high-sensitivity detection of biomolecules using dual-comb biosensing: application to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein
Authors: Yasui Takeshi , Miyamura Shogo , Oe Ryo , Nakahara Takuya , Okada Shota , Taue Shuji , Tokizane Yu , Minamikawa Takeo , Yano Taka-aki , Otsuka Kunihiro , Sakane Ayuko , Sasaki Takuya , Yasutomo Koji , Kajisa Taira
Published: October 2022

Rapid, sensitive detection of biomolecules is important for improved testing methods for infectious pathogens as well as biomarkers and pollutants. For example, testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the current standard for COVID-19 testing; however, it is hampered by the long testing process. Simplifying and shortening the testing process while achieving its high sensitivity would facilitate sooner quarantine and thus presumably prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we aim to achieve the rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 by enhancing the performance of optical biosensing. We demonstrate optical biosensing based on a dual configuration of optical frequency combs (OFCs), enabling detection of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. The virus-concentration-dependent optical spectrum shift produced by antigen-antibody interactions is transformed into a photonic radio-frequency (RF) shift by a frequency conversion between the optical and RF regions in the OFC, facilitating rapid and sensitive detection with mature electrical frequency measurements. Furthermore, active-dummy temperature-drift compensation with a dual-comb configuration enables the very small change in the virus-concentration-dependent signal to be extracted from the large, variable background signal caused by temperature disturbance. This dual-comb biosensing technique has the potential to reduce COVID-19 testing time to 10 min, which is considerably shorter than RT-PCR, while maintaining sensitivity close to that of RT-PCR. Furthermore, this system can be applied for sensing of not only viruses but also various biomolecules for medical care, food inspection, and environmental monitoring.
Crystal Structure and Triboluminescence of Europium(III) Tetrakis-thenoyl Trifluoroacetonate With Outer-sphere Organic Cation
Authors: Bukvetskii Boris V. , Petrochenkova Natalya V. , Mirochnik Anatolii G.
Published: October 2022

A novel complex of Eu(III) tetrakis-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate with the outer-sphere cation 2-(E)-1-(2-thenoyl)ethylidene)-1-hydrazine carboxyimidoamide (Q) of the composition Q[Eu(ТТА)4]·H2O (TTA – thenoyltrifluoroacetonate-ion, Q – outer-sphere cation) characterized with intense luminescence and triboluminescence has been synthesized. The structure of the centrosymmetric crystal is composed of complex anions of the composition [Eu(TTA)4]¯, which are stacked in layers parallel to the plane (100), whereas interlayers of organic cations are located between the layers. A structural model for the formation of triboluminescent properties has been suggested.