bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landscape of Genetic and Modular Networks Between Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Yuan Ye , Shi Hongbing , Wu Ye , Li Xiaodong
Published: February 2021

The relationship between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been demonstrated in many studies. However, the underlying connection is still unknown. The present study explored the landscape between them. Based on literature research and modularized analysis, NSCLC and COPD network were constructed. We employed functional annotation to measure the relationships among the annotation terms of overlapping modules. The two diseases share 154 overlapping genes, 2374 common biological processes and 601 pathways. MMP9, BCL2, BAX, TP53, PIK3CA were common hub genes of the top three modules between NSCLC and COPD. The most common significant biological process was inflammatory response. Via validation, MMP9 and BCL2 were highly expressed in the NSCLC patients with COPD than healthy donors, while BAX and TP53 were lower expressed. Our results provide novel molecular connection between NSCLC and COPD, which may facilitate the dignosis and treatment of multiple diseases.
Welding of Fiber Reinforced 5-Harness Satin Woven Thermoplastic Composite Fabrics by Ultra-High Frequency Induction System
Authors: Olgun Oner Hasim , CAVDAR UGUR
Published: February 2021

In this study, we report 6 plies of 5-harness satin woven fabrics were welded each other by ultra high frequency induction system between two tempered glass surfaces at 400°C under 640 kPa pressure for 120 seconds. The results of mechanical properties, Brinell hardness tests and SEM analysis proved an intimate contact between plies allowing the fusion in the bonding area for PEEK matrix.
A Retrospective Study on the Impact of Bar Flipping on the Recurrence of Pectus Excavatum after the Nuss Procedure
Authors: Fan Yu-Jiun , Lo Po-Cheng , Hsu Yuan-Yu , Tzeng I-Shiang , Wei Bo-Chun , Cheng Yeung-Leung
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe Nuss procedure is widely used to correct pectus excavatum. Bar displacement is a common complication associated with this procedure. How the flipping of the bar affects pectus excavatum recurrence has not been reported. In our study, we discuss this and also offer an easier method to determine bar flipping.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed pectus excavatum patients who underwent primary Nuss repair from August 2014 to December 2018. The preoperative and postoperative Haller indices were measured on chest radiographs (cxrHI). The slope angle of bar flipping (α) was measured on lateral chest radiographs. The improvement index after surgical repair was calculated by: ([preoperative cxrHI-postoperative cxrHI]/preoperative cxrHI×100). The impact of α on the improvement index was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and receiver operating characteristic tests.ResultsIn this study, 359 adult and adolescent patients with an average age of 23.9±7.7 years were included. We formed four subgroups based on the α value: α ≤ 10° (n=131), α = 11-20° (n=154), α = 21-30° (n=51), and α > 30° (n=23). The mean improvement indices in these groups were 27%, 28%, 26%, and 13%, respectively. Patients with α > 30° were associated with a significantly poorer improvement index than those from the other subgroups (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe α value is an alternative measurement method for presenting the radiological outcomes after the Nuss procedure. An α > 30° indicates a possible recurrence of pectus excavatum after the Nuss repair. Surgical revision may be considered in patients with an α > 30°, while monitoring should be considered in the other patient groups.
Effects of Green Cardamom Supplementation on Obesity and Diabetes Gene Expression Among Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Elahi Negin , Ghayyem Maysa , Mosayebi Elahe , Moradi Shima , Pasdar Yahya , Tahmasebi Susan
Published: February 2021

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disease in which related obesity, metabolic disorders and is considered as one of the main causes of infertility in women. This trial was investigated the effects of green cardamom on obesity and diabetes genes expression among obese women with PCOS.Methods194 PCOS women were randomly divided two groups: intervention (n= 99; 3 g/day green cardamom) and control groups (n=95). All of them were given low calorie diet. Anthropometric, glycemic and androgen hormones were assessed before and after 16 weeks’ intervention. Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), Peroxisome proliferative activating Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Beta (ACAB), Leptin Receptor (LEPR), Gherlin, and lamin A/C (LAMIN) genes in PBMC were measured in each group using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.ResultsAnthropometric indices were significantly decreased after intervention in both two studied groups. Glycemic indices and androgen hormones were significantly improved in the intervention group. The expression level of FTO, CPT1A, LEPR, and LAMIN were significantly down-regulated (P<0.001), as well as, PPAR-y was significantly up-regulated in the intervention group after intervention with green cardamom (P<0.001). ConclusionThis current study showed that the administration of green cardamom is a beneficial approach for improving of anthropometric, glycemic and androgen hormones, as well as, obesity and diabetes genes expression in PCOS women under low calorie diet. This trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748
Laser-assisted Hatching Improves Live Birth Rate of Vitrified-warmed Blastocyst Transfer Cycles: a Case Control Study
Authors: Ma Shui-Ying , Li Lian-Jie , Zhao Hui , Li Cheng , Zhao Haibin , Li Qing , Xu Kai , Li Mei
Published: February 2021

Background Assisted hatching is a widely accepted technique in assisted reproductive technology, however, it’s efficiency remains controversial and lack of data on safety. The aim of this study was to assess whether laser-assisted hatching improves clinical pregnancy results of vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles.Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 4143 vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles from October 2014 to December 2015 at a single, university-based hospital. Cases involving blastocysts that survived after warming were divided into the assisted hatching (AH) group (n=1975) and non-AH group (n=2168). In the AH group, laser AH was performed for the warmed blastocysts before transfer. In the non-AH group, the warmed blastocysts were transferred without AH. The primary outcome was live birth rate after survived vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfers.Results No significant differences in age, endometrial preparation regimen, number of embryos transferred, or blastocyst developmental stage were found between the two groups (P>0.05). The biochemical pregnancy (67.0% vs. 63.6%; P=0.023; odds ratio [OR], 1.177; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.032–1.344), clinical pregnancy (59.2% vs. 56.0%; P=0.041; OR, 1.163; 95% CI, 1.024–1.321), live birth (48.6% vs. 45.4%; P=0.041; OR, 1.160; 95% CI, 1.022–1.316), and implantation (52.1% vs. 49.3%; P=0.039) rates of the AH group were significantly higher than those of the non-AH group. The early miscarriage (17.1% vs. 17.8%; P=0.674), monozygotic twin (1.5% vs. 0.90%; P=0.214), and birth defect (3.1% vs. 3.6%; P=0.571) rates were similar in both groups. Conclusions In vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles, laser AH is associated with high clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. The benefits of AH outweigh its drawbacks, which include prolonged in vitro procedure, thermal damage, and higher workload in the in vitro fertilization laboratory.Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Comparison of the Shaping Ability of ProTaper GOLD, WaveOne GOLD, and TruNatomy in Simulated Double-curved Canals
Authors: Kim HyeWon , Jeon Su-Jin , Seo Min-Seock
Published: February 2021

Background: In root canal preparations, it is important to maintain the original canal shape. However, it is difficult to accomplish this, especially due to the complex canal anatomy. This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of the ProTaper GOLD, WaveOne GOLD, and newly developed TruNatomy in simulated S-shaped canals.Materials and methods: The root canals of 60 S-shaped resin blocks were dyed using ink and photographed. The blocks were then randomly divided into three groups: group ProTaper GOLD (n=20), WaveOne GOLD (n=20), and TruNatomy (n=20). The simulated canals were instrumented according to the NiTi file system and photographed again after being dyed with red ink. The pre- and post-preparation images were superimposed, and the amount of resin removed from both the mesial and distal sides of the canal measured up to 9 mm from the apical terminus, with a 1 mm increment. The preparation time was also calculated. A paired t-test was used to determine the degree of deviation at different levels within the groups. To compare the degree of transportation at different levels between the groups, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed according to the normality. Results: TruNatomy showed a significant deviation between the mesial and distal sides of the canal only in the coronal area at 6, 7, 8, and 9 mm levels of the canal (p < 0.05). When comparing the amount of transportation in the 3 groups at 9 different levels, TruNatomy showed significantly less canal transportation than the other groups at the 3, 5, and 6 mm levels of the canal (p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD showed the largest amount of transportation in the apical curved area at the 2 and 3 mm levels (p < 0.05). TruNatomy removed less resin than other groups in all sections (p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD removed slightly more resin than WaveOne GOLD; however, there was no significant difference (p=0.043). Shaping time was the least for TruNatomy, followed by the WaveOne GOLD and ProTaper GOLD (p < 0.05).Conclusions: TruNatomy maintained the original canal curvature in S-shaped curved canals better than ProTaper GOLD and WaveOne GOLD.
Torrefaction of Napier Grass and Oil Palm Petiole Waste Using Drop-type Pyrolysis Reactor
Authors: Saadon Syazmi Zul Arif Hakimi , Osman Noridah , Damodaran Moviin , Liew Shan En
Published: February 2021

Interest in torrefaction has improved along the recent years and it has been studied extensively as a mean of preparing solid fuels. Biomass to be considered as a renewable source of energy must endeavor improvement continuously and where it is more sustainable going forward in which can come from waste product, wild and cultivated plant. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature and residence time of wild Napier grass and Oil palm petiole from waste. The torrefied samples were derived by pyrolysis reactor mimicking torrefaction procedure. The temperature parameter ranges between 220 and 300 ℃ while residence time parameter is from 10 minutes to 50 minutes of reaction. It was found that as temperature and time increasing, moisture content and amount of O and H atoms decreases as well as both mass and energy yield, but calorific value and the energy density increase along with both two parameters. Between the two parameters, the temperature variation shows more significant changes to the torrefied samples as compared time. The optimized temperature and time are found to be 260 ℃ and 30 minutes, respectively. Remarkably, the usage of pyrolyzer as torrefaction reaction has proved to be a good option since they share similar characteristics while can also produce product with similar properties reflecting torrefaction process.
Development of landslide susceptibility maps of Tripura, India using GIS and analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Nath Nirmalya Kumar , Panigrahi Balram , Raul Sanjay Kumar , Paul Jagadish Ch.
Published: February 2021

Landslides are one of the most extensive and destructive geological hazards in the globe. Tripura, a north-eastern hilly state of India experiences landslides almost each year during monsoon season causing casualty and huge economic losses. Hence it is required to assess the landslide susceptibility of the area that would support in short and long term planning and mitigation. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) integrated with geospatial technology has been adopted for landslide susceptibility mapping in the state. Eight influencing factors such as slope, lithology, drainage density, rainfall, land use land cover, distance from rivers and roads, and soil type were selected to map the landslide susceptibility. Landslide susceptibility index (LSI) was found to vary from 6.205 during monsoon to 1.427 during post-monsoon season. The LSI values were classified into very high, high, moderate, low and very low susceptibility. Landslide susceptibility maps for three different seasons, namely, pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon were prepared. The study showed that most of the areas of the state come under very low to moderate landslide susceptibility zones. Around 73.2% area of the state is found to be under low landslide susceptible zones during the pre-monsoon season, around 62% area is prone to landslides with moderate susceptibility during monsoon season and 68.5% area comes under landslides with low susceptibility zones during the post-monsoon season. The output of this study may be referred by the engineers and planners for the assessment, control and mitigation of landslides and development of basic infrastructure in the state.
The Complex Compound of Amino Acids With Titanium (III) as a Method to Control and Synthesis of Different Structures of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Usage as Photocatalysts to Oxidize Alcohols to Aldehyde
Authors: Absalan Yahya , Shad Nazanin Noroozi , Gholizadeh Mostafa
Published: February 2021

Different types of the amino acids (Glutamine, Glycine, Alanine) were used to coordinate TiCl3 in order to investigating the best precursor for synthesis of TiO2. Also, a full investigation was carried out to synthesis four different structures of TiO2 nanoparticles [TiO2 (A0.8R0.2), TiO2 (A0.6R0.4), TiO2 (Anatase), and TiO2 (Rutile)]. Oxidation of derivatives alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde through the obtained nanoparticles, as a photocatalyst, under UV light was considered to investigate the best structure of TiO2. Different physical-chemical analyses were applied to investigate the result. The result showed that the titanium dioxide nanoparticle, synthesized from glycine was obtained at the least temperature and was chosen as a precursor to synthesis of four different types of TiO2. All the synthesized TiO2 were applied for oxidation of benzyl alcohols into benzaldehyde, as a test, and TiO2 (A0.6R0.4) could give the best result (87% efficiency). Then it was used to oxidize benzyl alcohol, 4-cholorobenzyl alcohol, 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde and efficiency were 74, 92, 87, and 65% respectively.
Clinical and Genetic Study of Ataxia With Vitamin E Deficiency
Authors: Zhang Linwei , Zhang Xiangfei , Lv Pu , Peng Dantao
Published: February 2021

Background: Ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is a type of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia. The main clinical manifestation involves progressive cerebellar ataxia and movement disorders, α-tocopherol transfer protein(TTPA) gene mutations are responsible for this disease. Methods: A female patient from a consanguineous Chinese family underwent detailed physical and auxiliary examination. After exclusion of acquired causes of ataxia, Friedreich’s Ataxia, and common types of spinocerebellar ataxia, the patient was subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by confirmation of sequence variants using Sanger sequencing. Her asymptomatic parents and younger sister were genotyped for the variant. Results: This patient showed progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria and dystonic tremor, her serum vitamin E concentration was remarkably decreased, brain MRI revealed no obvious cerebellum atrophy. Homozygous variant (c.473T>C, p.F158S) of TPPA gene were identified through WES. Bioinformatic analysis predicted F185S would be harmful to the protein function. After supplementation of vitamin E 400mg three times per day for two years, the patient’s symptom remained stabilization.Conclusions We identified an AVED patient caused by novel mutation in TTPA gene. Our findings widen the spectrum of TTPA gene mutations.
Distribution of Avian Influenza Viruses According to Environmental Surveillance During 2014-2017, China
Authors: Bo Hong , Zhang Ye , Dong Libo , Dong Jie , Li Xiyan , Zhao Xiang , Li Zi , Shu Yuelong , Wang Dayan
Published: February 2021

Background Avian influenza viruses persist in animal hosts and continue to cause human infections in China. It is important to analyse the geographic and seasonal distributions of avian influenza viruses and compare the subtypes and their prevalence among sample sites in environment.MethodsA total of 329,276 environmental samples were collected from locations associated with poultry and wild birds from 2014 to 2017. Viral RNA was extracted from the environmental samples. Real-time PCR assays for influenza A, and the H5, H7, and H9 subtypes were performed on all the samples. Virus isolation was performed on the influenza A-positive samples detected by real-time PCR. Whole-genome sequencing was then performed on an Illumina sequencer.ResultsThe proportions of samples that tested positive for total influenza A and the H5, H9 and H7 subtypes varied among different geographical regions and seasons. Significantly higher proportions of influenza A- and H5-, H9-, and H7-positive samples were collected from live poultry markets and poultry slaughtering locations. Influenza A positivity rates in sewage and chopping board swab samples were higher than those in other sample types. Multiple subtypes related to avian influenza viruses, including 9 HA and 7 NA subtypes, were detected in environmental samples.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that multiple subtypes of avian influenza A viruses continuously coexist in environments associated with poultry and increase the risk of reassortment and transmission, highlighting the need for environmental surveillance in China.
Identification of Methylation Driven Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Colon Cancer by Integrative Analysis of TCGA, GTEx, and GEO Data
Authors: Cao Lichao , Chen Erfei , Yang Jin
Published: February 2021

Background: The intention of the present work was to investigate methylation driven biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) by integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Methods and Results: The differentially expression genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened using mRNA expression and DNA methylation data from TCGA, respectively. And the methylation driven genes (MDGs) of CRC were further identified using MethylMix R package. Subsequently, the MDGs were underwent Random Forest (RF) analyses to establish diagnosis prediction model using mRNA expression data from TCGA and GTEx, which were then validated by GSE39582 from GEO dataset. In addition, prognostic biomarkers that were used to establish the methylation related risk score model was generated by the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. 9 out of 10 DMGs revealed excellent performance as independent diagnostic predictors, including CLDN1, EPHX4, TCN1, ARHGAP20, LY6G6D, FAM150A, KCNJ12, KRT7 and STK33. Furthermore, STK33 and EPHX4 were found to be associated with Overall survival (OS). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the identified MDGs could be potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of the Leaves of Three Plant Species Collected From Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yeshanew Solomon , Gete Worke , Chilo Desalegn
Published: February 2021

Introduction: In the era of multidrug resistant Plasmodium parasites, the management and control of malaria infection become complicated. Therefore, Alternative but effective plant based antimalarial treatments need to be discovered. In the search for potential antimalarial medicines, the present study tried to examine In-vivo efficacy evaluation of ethanol crude extracts of Croton macrostachyus, Ruta chalepensis, and Vernonia amygdalina against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methods: Oral acute toxicity assessment of the extracts was done in mice received up to 3000 mg/kg of dosage to see safety level of the plant materials. The standard 4-days antimalarial suppressive test was also employed to determine growth inhibition of parasitaemia at doses of 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg of the extracts. In addition, preliminary phytochemical screenings of the extracts were also carried out according to the standard procedures. Results: Extracts of the plant materials did not produce serious acute toxic effects on mice received up to a single dose of 3000 mg/kg. Although complete clearance was not recorded, extracts of the plant materials produced dose dependent suppression of the parasitaemia. The highest growth inhibition recorded was by extract of V. amygdalina (61.44%) followed by C. macrostachyus (59.3%) at 800 mg/kg of tested doses. Whereas, complete parasitaemia clearance was attributed in mice which got 25 mg/kg of Chloroquine (CQ). In addition, survival time of experimental mice was recorded and the finding revealed mice treated with the extracts lived longer than the negative control groups. The phytochemical screening of the crude extracts was also carried out and revealed the presence of antimalarial active constituents such as alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, and tannins. Conclusion: The present study therefore, confirms ethanol crude extracts of C. macrostachyus, R. chalepensis, and V. amygdalina are safe and rich with active secondary metabolites which have promising antimalarial effects.
Acute Noise Causes Down-Regulation of ECM Protein Expression in Guinea Pig Cochlea
Authors: Shi Min , Shi Lei , Ding Daxiong , Hu Yiyong , Qi Guowei , Zhan Li , Zhu Yuhua , Lv Ping , Yu Ning
Published: February 2021

Background: Proteomics technology reveals the marker proteins, potential pathogenesis and intervention targets after noise-induced hearing loss.To study the differences in cochlea protein expression before and after noise exposure using proteomics to reveal the pathological mechanism of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).Methods: A guinea pig NIHL model was established to test the ABR thresholds before and after noise exposure. The proteomics technology was used to study the mechanism of differential protein expression in the cochlea by noise stimulation.Results: The average hearing threshold of guinea pigs on the first day after noise exposure was 57.00±6.78dB SPL; the average hearing threshold on the seventh day after noise exposure was 45.83±6.07dB SPL,. The proteomics technology identified 3122 different inner ear proteins, of which six proteins related to the hearing were down-regulation: TenascinC, Collagen type XI alpha two chains, Collagen type II alpha one chain, Thrombospondin 2, Collagen type XI alpha one chain and Ribosomal protein L38, and are enriched in protein absorption, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix receptor pathways.Conclusion: Impulse noise can affect the expression of differential proteins through focal adhesion pathways. This data can provide an experimental basis for the research on the prevention and treatment of NIHL.Trial registration: Not applicable.
High-Performance Wearable Strain Sensor Based on MXene@Cotton Fabric with Network Structure
Authors: Liu Lu , Wang Libo , Liu Xuqing , Yuan Wenfeng , Yuan Mengmeng , Xia Qixun , Hu Qianku , Zhou Aiguo
Published: February 2021

Although 2D nanomaterials such as MXene Ti3C2Tx have been used in flexible electronic devices for their unique properties such as high conductivity, excellent mechanical performance, flexibility, and good hydrophilicity, less research has focused on of MXene-based cotton fabric strain sensors. Moreover, fabrication of wearable strain sensors with a low cost, high sensitivity, good biocompatibility, and broad sensing range is still a challenge. In this work, a high-performance wearable strain sensor composed of 2D MXene d-Ti3C2Tx nanomaterials and cotton fabric is reported. As the active material in the sensor, MXene d-Ti3C2Tx exhibited an excellent conductivity and hydrophilicity and adhered well to the fabric fibers by electrostatic adsorption. Due to the unique structure of the fabric substrate and the properties of MXene sheets, the fabricated pressure sensor achieved a high sensitivity. The gauge factor of the MXene@cotton fabric strain sensor reached up to 4.11 within the strain range of 15 %. Meanwhile, the sensor possessed high durability (>500 cycles) and a low strain detection limit of 0.3%. Finally, the encapsulated strain sensor was used to detect subtle or large body movements and exhibited a rapid response. This study shows that the MXene@cotton fabric strain sensor reported here have great potential for use in flexible, comfortable, and wearable devices for health monitoring and motion detection.
Facilitators and Barriers and Self-management in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Widener Wallette G.
Published: February 2021

Background: An estimated 2.3 million individuals affected worldwide are affected by multiple sclerosis. Due to advancements in treatment and earlier diagnosis, there are higher numbers of people living with MS than ever before. There is evidence linking optimal self-management to better outcomes among patients with chronic illnesses; however, regarding adults with MS specifically, the results are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-management mediates the relationship between facilitators and barriers (comorbidity, condition severity, pain, fatigue, and cognitive deficits) and quality of life.Methods: To complete this cross-sectional correlational quantitative study, the researcher recruited a sample of 196 U.S. adults diagnosed with MS and administered a survey consisting of the Comorbidity Questionnaire for MS, the Patient-Determined Disease Steps, the Numeric Pain Intensity Scale, the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire, the Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale-Revised, the Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life, and a demographic questionnaire. The results were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The studied facilitators and barrier had statistically significant relationship(s) with thedependent variable of QoL; however, the relationship between fatigue, pain, and QoL was notsupported. A relationship exists between comorbidity, condition severity, and symptomatology and self-management. Finally, there is a significant relationship between self-management and QoL; however, self-management did not mediate the relationship between the comorbidity, condition severity, and symptomatology (pain, fatigue, and cognitive deficits) and QoL.Conclusions: By providing an understanding of the factors that hinder or facilitate MS self-management, the findings can inform the development of interventions and the improvement of health outcomes for adults with MS.
Gastric Ganglioneuroblastoma in an Elder Man: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: jiang xuetong , Wu Jianqiang , Su Feng , Huang Hailong , Ding Yang , Zhu Xinqiang
Published: February 2021

Background: GNB is a moderate tumor of sympathetic origin, which is considered a disease of children with the majority of cases less than five years old and it rarely occurs in adults. There are no treatment guidelines for adults GNB. Here, we reported a rare case of adult gastric GNB, and was resected completely by laparoscopic approach.Case presentation:A 73-year-old man presented with dull pain in the upper abdomen along with abdominal distension for one month. Gastroscopy examination revealed chronic gastritis and submucosal tumor of gastric antrum. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic mass in gastric antrum arising from the muscularis propria. Combined with the characteristics of gastroscope and ultrasound , the mass was suspected as gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Abdomen CT scan of revealed irregular soft tissue mass in gastric antrum with heterogeneous enhancement in arterial phase, and gastric cancer was suspected.The patient was addressed to the department of gastrointestinal surgery. The mass was completely resected in laparoscopic surgery. Histopathology reported that the mass contained differentiation neuroblasts, mature ganglion cells and ganglioneuromatisis component. Immunohistochemical staining revealed tumor cells were immunoreactive for CD56, Syn, S100 , while negative for CK, CD117, DOG-1, CgA. The pathological diagnosis was GNBi and the patient was staged as stage I. The patient received no adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy.Until his one-year follow-up, the patient was doing well and without any signs of recurrence.Conclusion:Although the rarity of gastric GNB as a primary site of origin, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric masses in adult. Radical surgery is sufficient for the treatment of GNBi and long-term follow-up should be performed.
Use of estradiol benzoate to limit triplets in a low dose FSH model of twinning
Authors: zeng weibin , An Lei , Wang Yanping , Gao Shuai , Qin Yusheng , Gu Xinli , Huang Tao , Hu Guangdong , Tian Jianhui
Published: February 2021

Background: Estrogen could limit the nondominant follicles development after the first deviation by inhibition of the FSH secretion through the negative feedback loop, which ensure that the number of dominant follicles would be in a moderate level. Methods: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of estradiol benzoate (EB) on inhibiting the development of nondominant follicles and inducing twin calves in beef heifers. Beef heifers were synchronized using an estradiol (E2)- plus- progesterone (P4)- based and superovulated using small dose follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) protocol. From days 6.5 to 7.5 every heifer was treated with variety dose of estradiol benzoate (EB) for 3 times with 12 h intervals to eliminate the excess number of dominant follicles. Results: The diameters of the two largest follicles (F1 and F2) continually increased from day 3.5 to day 10. However, the growth rate was constrained by exogenous EB, and the degree of suppression was greatest in the 0.5 mg EB treatment compared with other treatments. As a result, the number of large follicles (≥ 10 mm) was also reduced along with the dose of EB increased. The double/triple ovulations rate, pregnancy rate and twin were all demonstrate the highest in 0.2 mg EB treatment group than in other treatments. Conclusions：The present study describes an efficient protocol that can be used to stimulate the development of a small number of dominant follicles i.e. 2-3 at the deviation stage through a FSH and 0.2 mg EB combine treatment, which can further result in the production of two calves. The appropriate dose of EB treatment during FSH induced superovulation procedure could limit the number of dominant follicles development and eventually increase the calf production efficiency.
Key genes and pathways of ovarian granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome identified by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Liang Qianqian , Wang Dai-Jun
Published: February 2021

Purpose

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the factors leading to infertility. The specific pathogenesis of PCOS is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine key changes in gene expression during the formation of PCOS and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
Methods

We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the dataset GSE34526 from the bioinformatics array research tool (BART) online analysis tool (bart.salk.edu). Then, through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) online analysis software for gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) rich path analysis, STRING (https://string-db.org/) online analysis tool for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Cytoscape software for Mcode module and HUB gene analysis
Results

a total of 91 DEGs, 7 up-regulated and 84 down-regulated, were found. Seven central HUB genes were identified, including integrin alpha-M (ITGAM), cytochrome BMUR 245 beta chain (CYBB), toll like receptor 1 (TLR1), platelet activating factor receptor (PTAFR), CD163 molecule, caspase 1 (CASP1), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP 9).
Conclusion

the DEGs, HUB genes and signaling pathways identified in this study help us understand the molecular mechanism of PCOS formation and provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
Synthesis of Bimannich Base with Thiazole and Its Corrosion Inhibition Effect on H2S and CO2 at High Temperature
Authors: Li Zhuoke , Cao Jun , Mao Ting , Ni Dan
Published: February 2021

A bimannich base TZBM containing a thiazole structure was obtained by the mannich base synthesis method. TZBM can maintain a stable structure at 260°C, and has a good corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel in a gas-liquid environment containing Cl−+H2S + CO2 at 180°C. Through the weight loss test of steel under different concentrations of TZBM, the degree of surface coverage of the adsorbed inhibitor is determined, and it was found that the results obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. And the negative Gibbs free energy indicates that the adsorption is spontaneous.
Is mRNA decapping activity of ApaH like phosphatases (ALPH’s) the reason for the loss of cytoplasmic ALPH’s in all eukaryotes but Kinetoplastida?
Authors: Londono Paula Andrea Castaneda , Banholzer Nicole , Bannerman Bridget P. , Kramer Susanne
Published: February 2021

Background: ApaH like phosphatases (ALPHs) originate from the bacterial ApaH protein and are present in eukaryotes of all eukaryotic super-groups; still, only two proteins have been functionally characterised. One is ALPH1 from the Kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei that we recently found to be the mRNA decapping enzyme of the parasite . mRNA decapping by ALPHs is unprecedented in eukaryotes, which usually use nudix hydrolases, but the bacterial ancestor protein ApaH was recently found to decap non-conventional caps of bacterial mRNAs. These findings prompted us to explore whether mRNA decapping by ALPHs is restricted to Kinetoplastida or more widespread among eukaryotes. Results: We screened 824 eukaryotic proteomes with a newly developed Python-based algorithm for the presence of ALPHs and used the data to refine phylogenetic distribution, conserved features, additional domains and predicted intracellular localisation of ALPHs. We found that most eukaryotes have either no ALPH (500/824) or very short ALPHs, consisting almost exclusively of the catalytic domain. These ALPHs had mostly predicted non-cytoplasmic localisations, often supported by the presence of transmembrane helices and signal peptides and in two cases (one in this study) by experimental data. The only exceptions were ALPH1 homologues from Kinetoplastida, that all have unique C-terminal and mostly unique N-terminal extension, and at least the T. brucei enzyme localises to the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, despite of these non-cytoplasmic localisations, ALPHs from all eukaryotic super-groups had in vitro mRNA decapping activity. Conclusions: ALPH was present in the last common ancestor of eukaryotes, but most eukaryotes have either lost the enzyme since, or use it exclusively outside the cytoplasm in organelles in a version consisting of the catalytic domain only. While our data provide no evidence for the presence of further mRNA decapping enzymes among eukaryotic ALPHs, the broad substrate range of ALPHs that includes mRNA caps provides an explanation for the selection against the presence of a cytoplasmic ALPH protein as a mean to protect mRNAs from unregulated degradation. Kinetoplastida succeeded to exploit ALPH as their mRNA decapping enzyme, likely using the Kinetoplastida-unique N- and C-terminal extensions for regulation.
The Everlasting Peak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Domínguez-Varela Irving Armando
Published: February 2021

In Mexico, like other Latin American countries, they have been among the most affected worldwide. And not only COVID-19 attacked us, but also political problems, crime, the high prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases, the lack of job opportunities for families with low income and the lack of seriousness on part of a federal government facing a global problem. COVID-19 cases and deaths continue rising, better strategies, unity, leadership and a little of patience is needed to get ahead this never-ending crisis.
Comparison of Machine Learning algorithm for COVID-19 Death Risk Prediction
Authors: Anandhanathan Praveeen , Gopalan Priyanka
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading across the world. Since at first it has appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, it has become a serious issue across the globe. There are no accurate resources to predict and find the disease. So, by knowing the past patients’ records, it could guide the clinicians to fight against the pandemic. Therefore, for the prediction of healthiness from symptoms Machine learning techniques can be implemented. From this we are going to analyse only the symptoms which occurs in every patient. These predictions can help clinicians in the easier manner to cure the patients. Already for prediction of many of the diseases, techniques like SVM (Support vector Machine), Fuzzy k-Means Clustering, Decision Tree algorithm, Random Forest Method, ANN (Artificial Neural Network), KNN (k-Nearest Neighbour), Naïve Bayes, Linear Regression model are used. As we haven’t faced this disease before, we can’t say which technique will give the maximum accuracy. So, we are going to provide an efficient result by comparing all the such algorithms in RStudio.
A Physician Assistant Entry-Level Doctoral Degree: More Harm Than Good?
Authors: Kulo Violet , Fleming Shani , Gordes Karen , Jun Hyun-Jin , Cawley James , Kayingo Gerald
Published: February 2021

Background: As most health professions in the United States have adopted clinical or practice doctorates, there has been an ongoing debate on whether physician assistants (PAs) should transition from a master’s to a doctorate as the terminal degree. The authors examined perceived risks, benefits and impact of transitioning to an entry-level PA doctoral degree. Methods: A multi-prong, mixed-methods approach was used that included a literature review and collecting quantitative and qualitative data. Bivariate analysis and binomial logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate relationships between perceptions/perspectives on an entry-level PA doctoral degree and the anticipated impact of it causing more harm than good to the PA profession. For the semi-structured interviews (38 interprofessional stakeholders), deductive content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. Results: Six hundred and thirty six PA clinicians and PA students (46%) completed the survey. Most respondents (n = 457, 72%) disagreed that an entry-level PA doctoral degree should be required. More than half of the respondents (n = 341, 54%) agreed that it should be offered but not required and 380 respondents (60%) agreed that an entry-level doctoral degree would cause more harm than good. Race, educational attainment, occupation, and length of practice as a PA were significantly associated with having a perception of causing more harm. There was strong positive association between the perception of a doctoral degree causing more harm with expectations of having a negative impact on the availability of clinical training sites (OR = 4.39, p <.05). Based on the analysis of qualitative data, the most commonly cited perceived risks were increased cost for education, decreased diversity in the profession, and negative impact on the PA/physician relationship. Conclusions: The perceived benefits and risks of an entry-level PA doctoral degree are strongly influenced by the lens of the stakeholder. While the majority of PAs and students appear to be not in favor, the proportion of those in favor is not insignificant and their views should not be ignored in future discussions. Addressing concerns with key stakeholders could help the PA profession to transition to a doctoral degree with minimal adverse impact.
Sleep problems are related to Commuting Accidents rather than to Workplace Accidents
Authors: Vargas-Garrido Hector , Moyano-Díaz Emilio , Andrades Katherinne
Published: February 2021

Background: This study aimed to verify the relationships between sleep problems and both commuting and workplace accidents in workers of both sexes.Methods: The study was carried out with a sample of workers (n = 2,993; 50.2% female) from the Chilean Quality of Life Survey (ENCAVI) 2015-2016, while the rates of both workplace and commuting accidents were extracted from the statistics of the Superintendence of Social Security (SUSESO 2015; 180,036 and 52,629 lost-time accidents, respectively).Results: Chilean workers sleep less than the rest of the people in the country (MW = 7.14 vs. MO = 7.33; t (6789) = -5.19; p < .001), while the Chilean people as a whole sleep less compared to those of other countries (7.24 hours per day). Likewise, it was found that sleep problems are more strongly related to commuting than to workplace accidents. In this vein, sleep quantity can explain 24% of the variance in commuting accidents’ rates (Stepwise Method; R2 = .30, F (1.14) = 5.49, p < .05; β = -.55, p < .05), by using aggregated data with all types of commuting roles (driver of a vehicle, a passenger of public or private transport, or as a pedestrian). Conclusions: Our findings show that sleep quantity has a more robust relationship with commuting than workplace accidents, a neglected issue so far. Future prevention programs should emphasize sleep hygiene and focus on commuting to and from work.
Optimization of moist and oven-dried bacterial cellulose production for functional properties
Authors: Bodea Ioana Maria , Beteg Florin Ioan , Pop Carmen Rodica , David Adriana Paula , Dudescu Mircea Cristian , Vilău Cristian , Stănilă Andreea , Rotar Ancuța Mihaela , Catunescu Giorgiana Mihaela
Published: February 2021

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer with properties suitable for tissue engineering and possible applications in scaffold production. However, current procedures have limitations in obtaining BC pellicles with the desired structural, physical, and mechanical properties. Thus, this study analyzed the optimal culture conditions of BC membranes and 2 types of processing: draining and oven-drying. The aim was to obtain BC membranes with properties suitable for a wound dressing material. Two studies were carried out. In the preliminary study the medium (100 mL) was inoculated with varying volumes (1; 2; 3; 4; and 5 mL) and incubated statically for different periods (3; 6; 9; 12; and 18 days), using a full factorial experimental design. Thickness, uniformity, weight, and yield were evaluated. In the optimization study, a Box–Behnken design was used. Two independent variables were used: inoculum volume (X1: 1; 3; and 5 mL) and fermentation period (X2: 6; 12; and 18 d) to determine the target response variables: thickness, swelling ratio, drug release, fiber diameter, Tensile strength, and Young's Modulus for both dry and moist BC membranes. The mathematical modelling of the effect of the 2 independent variables was accomplished by response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained models were validated with new experimental values, and confirmed for all tested properties, except Young Modulus of oven-dried BC. Thus, the optimal properties in terms of a scaffold material of the moist BC were obtained with an inoculum volume of 5% (v/v) and 16 d of fermentation. While, for the oven-dried membranes a 4% (v/v) and 14 d of fermentation.
Feynman diagrams and $Ω$-deformed M-theory
Authors: Oh Jihwan , Zhou Yehao
Published: February 2021

We derive the simplest commutation relations of operator algebras
associated to M2 branes and an M5 brane in the
\OmegaΩ-deformed
M-theory, which is a natural set-up for Twisted holography. Feynman
diagram 1-loop computations in the twisted-holographic dual side
reproduce the same algebraic relations.
The influence of corporate governance characteristics on profitability of Indian firms: An empirical investigation of firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange
Authors: A. Al-Homaidi Eissa , Mohammed Al-Matari Ebrahim , I. Tabash Mosab , S.D. Khaled Amgad , Ahmed M. Senan Nabil
Published: February 2021

This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with Indian listed companies’ profitability. Thirty-three listed firms are selected from the top 100 companies in India. Corporate governance is defined by two parts: board of directors (size, structure, diligence) and audit committee (size, structure, diligence). In contrast, the profitability of Indian listed firms is calculated by two indicators: return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS). The outcomes concerning ROA reveal that board diligence, size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and size of a company has a significant relationship with ROA. In contrast, board size and board composition have an insignificant association with ROA. Concerning earnings per share (EPS) model, the results show that size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and firm size have a significant relationship with EPS. In contrast, board size, board composition, and board diligence have an insignificant association with EPS. The results may be of benefit to those scholarly researchers, practitioners, and governors who are interested in exploring the quality of corporate governance practices in an emerging market such as India and its effect on firms’ profitability.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Servant dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
Authors: Saragih Melva Hermayanty , Andana Andana , Hafiz Farland Al , Meilando Muhammad Alvin
Published: February 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Servant Leadership (SL) and Transformational Leadership (TL) on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in a private company in Jakarta, Indonesia. The method used is multiple regression analysis, with a sample of 117 respondents. The results showed that Servant Leadership and Transformational Leadership had a significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Thus, SL and TL are variables that are important to be applied in the company, especially in terms of increasing employee commitment and emotional attachment to the company organization.
Foreign Direct Investment Opportunity for Modified Cassava Starch in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Respati
Published: February 2021

Modified cassava starch is widely used in a range of applications such as food and beverage, papermaking, textiles, chemicals, constructions, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. Hence, there is a massive demand for modified cassava starch in Indonesia. Nowadays, in the agricultural sector, our production capacity is only 1% of the total demand and this means that there are not many modified starch plantations in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to identify the external and internal factors that influence the foreign direct investment potential of modified cassava starch in Indonesia.