bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Prescription Patterns of Chinese Herbal Products for Chronic Glomerulonephritis Patients: A Hospital‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Wen , Chen Hsing-Yu , Yang Yao-Hsu , Yang Sien-Hung , Yang Ching-Wei , Wu You-Hung , Chen Jiun-Liang
Published: November 2018

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high incidence and prevalence worldwide, and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is one of the main causes of CKD. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat CGN early. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prescription patterns and frequencies of Chinese herbal products (CHPs) for CGN by using a hospital‐based database from the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH), a large, tertiary hospital system in Taiwan, and to evaluate the safety and possible efficacy of CHPs by blood test. The International Classification of Disease Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) code 582 was used to identify patients with CGN. From 2004 to 2015, a total of 54726 CHP prescriptions for CGN were provided. Association rule mining was used to analyze the prevalent of CHP combination patterns in treating CGN. Jia‐Wei‐Xiao‐Yao‐San (JWXYS) and Gorgon (Euryale feroxSalisb.) were the most frequently prescribed herbal formula (HF) and single herb (SH), respectively. The most frequently prescribed combination of CHPs was that of JWXYS with Bu‐Yang‐Huan‐Wu‐Tang (BYHWT) in CGMH. In statistical, the level of eGFR in Stage 3a and 3b group was increasing after treatment in 6 and 12 months and might not cause the renal function to worsen within 12‐month treatments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pharmacoepidemiological study to review CHP treatments for CGN. However, additional studies and clinical trials are needed to provide data on the safety and efficacy of these CHPs.
The Pathophysiology and Management of Coprophagia: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Azizi Heela , Khan Tasmia , Canale Cecilia , Kallikkadan Jisha , Leung Ivan , Kahn Alexa , Rimawi Dina , Williams Shantale , Obegolu Chidubem Matthew , Paul Sharon , Chaudhry Shazia , Ojimba Chiedozie , Kodjo Kodjovi , Olayinka Olaniyi , Jegede Oluwole , Jolayemi Ayodeji
Published: November 2018

Coprophagia is a rare and distressing disorder characterized by symptoms of compulsive consumption of feces. Several attempts have been made in literature to explore the pathophysiology, management, and outcomes of this disorder. However, critical questions remain, related to characterizing effective management, features of associated comorbidities, time to recovery of symptoms, sustainability of recovery, and the determinants of outcomes. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of available literature addressing these questions. We present two cases of patients with coprophagia in seeking to address these questions. Common symptoms of thought content disorder related to coprophagic behavior are noted in both cases. A shorter time to resolution of coprophagia is noted in one of the patients compared to previously reported studies. Recent and pertinent literature was reviewed and the implications for diagnosis and management of coprophagia are discussed.
The Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Findings Associated with the Morphological and Electrophysiological Changes in a Rat Model of Retinal Degeneration, Rhodopsin S334ter-4 Rats
Authors: Yamauchi Kodai , Tanabu Reiko , Monai Natsuki , Gonome Takayuki , Xie Yuting , Takahashi Shizuka , Ishiguro Sei-ichi , Nakazawa Mitsuru
Published: November 2018

Purpose. To characterize the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of the rhodopsin S334ter transgenic rats (line 4) in relation to the morphologic and electroretinographic features. Materials and Methods. Rhodopsin S334ter transgenic rats (line 4) were employed as a model of retinal degeneration. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as a wild-type control. SD-OCT (Micron IV®; Phoenix Research Labs, Pleasanton, CA, USA) was performed on the S334ter rats (line 4) from postnatal days (P) 13−110. The longitudinal changes of the SD-OCT images were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively in comparison to those of SD rats. The SD-OCT images were also compared to the histological and electron microscopic findings from examination performed on P 22, 36, and 61. Full field combined rod and cone electroretinography (ERG) was performed and the relationship between the thickness of the retinal sublayers and the amplitudes of the a- and b-waves was further analyzed. Results. The photoreceptor inner and outer segment layer became diffusely hyperreflective in the SD-OCT images of the S334ter rats; these findings were not observed in the SD rats. This hyperreflective change corresponded to the degenerated inner and outer segments and the accumulation of the extracellular vesicles in the interphotoreceptor matrix. Quantitatively, the retinal outer sublayer and the photoreceptor sublayer in the S334ter rats became progressively thinner in comparison to those in the SD rats; the difference was statistically significant. The amplitudes of both the a- and b-waves on ERG were severely deteriorated in the S334ter rats. Discussion. The SD-OCT images in the S334ter rats noninvasively provided information regarding the pathological changes in the photoreceptors and the longitudinal changes of both qualitative and quantitative changes during retinal degeneration in the S334ter rats (line 4). The pathological features of the photoreceptor inner and outer segments can be detected on SD-OCT as diffuse hyperreflective changes in the photoreceptor layer.
Detection of Broken Rotor Bars Fault in Induction Motors by Using an Improved MUSIC and Least-Squares Amplitude Estimation
Authors: Lu Junjie , Wang Panpan , Duan Sen , Shi Liping , Han Li
Published: November 2018

The frequencies and amplitudes of the broken rotor bar (BRB) fault features are the basis for the accurate diagnosis of the BRB fault. However, how to accurately detect their frequency and amplitudes has always been a difficult problem for induction motor fault detection. For this problem, a new fault detection method based on an improved multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and least-squares magnitude estimation is proposed. First, since the fixed-step traversal search reduces the computational efficiency of MUSIC, a niche bare-bones particle swarm optimization (NBPSO) for multimodal peaks search is proposed to improve MUSIC, which is used to compute the frequency values of fault-related and fundamental components in stator current signal. Second, using these frequency values, a fault current signal model is established to convert the magnitude estimation problem into a linear least-squares problem. On this basis, the amplitudes and phases of fault-related and fundamental components could be estimated accurately with the singular value decomposition (SVD). A simulation signal is used to test the new method and the results show that the proposed method not only has higher frequency resolution, but also improves estimation accuracy of parameters greatly even with short data window. Finally, experiments for a real induction motor are performed, and the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are proved again.
Optimal Control Strategy for a Discrete Time Smoking Model with Specific Saturated Incidence Rate
Authors: Labzai Abderrahim , Balatif Omar , Rachik Mostafa
Published: November 2018

The aim of this paper is to study and investigate the optimal control strategy of a discrete mathematical model of smoking with specific saturated incidence rate. The population that we are going to study is divided into five compartments: potential smokers, light smokers, heavy smokers, temporary quitters of smoking, and permanent quitters of smoking. Our objective is to find the best strategy to reduce the number of light smokers, heavy smokers, and temporary quitters of smoking. We use three control strategies which are awareness programs through media and education, treatment, and psychological support with follow-up. Pontryagins maximum principle in discrete time is used to characterize the optimal controls. The numerical simulation is carried out using MATLAB. Consequently, the obtained results confirm the performance of the optimization strategy.
Characteristics, Functional Properties, and Antioxidant Activities of Water-Soluble Proteins Extracted from Grasshoppers,Patanga succinctaandChondracris roseapbrunner
Authors: Chatsuwan Niphattha , Nalinanon Sitthipong , Puechkamut Yuporn , Lamsal Buddhi P. , Pinsirodom Praphan
Published: November 2018

Water-soluble proteins extracted from two species of grasshoppers,Patanga succincta(WSPP) andChondracris roseapbrunner(WSPC), were characterized as well as their functional properties and antioxidant activities were investigated. The extraction yield, on a wet weight basis, was 7.35% and 7.46% for WSPP and WSPC,respectively. The most abundant amino acid in both proteins was glutamic acid, followed by aspartic, alanine, and leucine, in that order. The electrophoretic study revealed that proteins with MW of 29, 42, 50, 69, and 146 kDa were the major protein components in WSPP and WSPC. FTIR analysis showed that those proteins remained their structural integrity. The surface hydrophobicity at pH 7 of WSPC was higher than WSPP, but the sulfhydryl group content did not show significant difference between the proteins from two species. Both grasshopper proteins were mostly soluble in strong acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions with a minimum value at pH 4. Those proteins exhibited poor emulsifying properties and foaming capacity, but they had greater foaming stability compared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) (p<0.05). WSPC showed greater DPPH•and ABTS•+scavenging activities and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) than did WSPP (p<0.05). Therefore, based on characteristics and functional properties, water-soluble proteins from both edible grasshoppers can be used as an ingredient in food applications.
Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Cardiac Dysfunction in db/db Mice with Respect to Oxidant Stress
Authors: Chen Wei , Sun Qilin , Ju Jing , Chen Wenjie , Zhao Xuelan , Zhang Yu , Yang Yehong
Published: November 2018

Objective. Oxidant stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Previously we reported that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) rescued heart dysfunction and cardinal pathological abnormalities in diabetic mice. In the current study, we determined whether the effect of APS on diabetic cardiomyopathy was associated with its impact on oxidant stress. Methods. Db/db diabetic mice were employed and administered with APS. The hematodynamics, cardiac ultra-structure, apoptosis, and ROS formation of myocardium were assessed. The cardiac protein expression of apoptosis target genes (Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3) and oxidation target genes (Gpx, SOD2, t/p-JNK, catalase, t/p-p38 MAPK, and t/p-ERK) were evaluated, respectively. Results. APS therapy improved hematodynamics and cardinal ultra-structure with reduced apoptosis and ROS formation in db/db hearts. In addition, APS therapy inhibited the protein expression of apoptosis target genes (Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3) and regulated the protein expression of oxidation target genes (enhancing Gpx, SOD2, and catalase, while reducing t/p-JNK, t/p-ERK, and t/p-p38 MAPK) in db/db hearts. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that APS has benefits in diabetic cardiomyopathy, which may be partly associated with its impact on cardiac oxidant stress.
Intersection of Ideals in a Polynomial Ring over a Dual Valuation Domain
Authors: Babindamana Regis F. , Mialebama Bouesso Andre S. E.
Published: November 2018

Let V be a valuation domain and let A=V+εV be a dual valuation domain. We propose a method for computing a strong Gröbner basis in R=A[x1,…,xn]; given polynomials f1,…,fs∈R, a method for computing a generating set for Syz(f1,…,fs)={(h1,…,hs)∈Rs∣h1f1+⋯+hsfs=0} is given; and, finally, given two ideals I=〈f1,…,fs〉 and J=〈g1,…,gr〉 of R, we propose an algorithm for computing a generating set for I∩J.
The State of Nutrigenomic Education in Poland
Authors: Mlodzik-Czyzewska Monika A. , Chmurzynska Agata
Published: November 2018

Background: In Poland, 45 higher education institutions offer degrees in dietetics. However, only 20 of these offer nutrigenomics or nutrigenetics courses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of nutri­genomic education in Poland and to evaluate the level of nutrigenomic knowledge held by dieticians. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed to examine the self-reported attitudes of 193 dietetics students and dietetics professionals who graduated from 33 Polish higher-level institutions. Results: The great majority of respondents were familiar with nutrigenomics and had a positive attitude to it, and this attitude was independent of whether they participated in nutrigenomics courses. Sixty-six percent of the respondents had received training in nutrigenomics, but nutrigenomic education did not meet the expectations of 57% of dieticians. Dieticians possess low levels of self-reported knowledge of nutrigenomics, and only about 15% of respondents know how to effectively communicate information on genetic risk to patients and understand the effect of nutrients on molecular mechanisms. Despite this lack of knowledge, 59% of respondents had a positive attitude to nutri­genomics, and 63% of them had a great interest in broadening their knowledge. Subjects who had participated in nutrigenomics courses exhibited a better understanding of several areas of nutrigenomics. They were especially interested in practical aspects of nutrigenomics, such as the essence of personalized diets and the practical application of nutrigenomics. Conclusions: In conclusion, Polish dieticians have a positive attitude to nutrigenomics but do not perceive themselves as well educated in this field, which is partly due to systemic problems. The study shows the need for improvements in nutrigenomic education in Poland.
Immune Mediated Cerebellar Ataxia: An Unknown Manifestation of Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Shargian-Alon Liat , Raanani Pia , Rozovski Uri , Siegal Tali , Yust-Katz Shlomit , Yeshurun Moshe
Published: November 2018

Neurologic complications of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) include infections, cerebrovascular events, therapy-induced neurotoxicity, recurrent malignancies, and neurologic manifestations of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia is a well-established disorder of autoimmune origin, but there are no reports in the literature of its occurrence following allo-HCT. We describe a middle-aged woman with chronic GVHD after allo-HCT who presented with a rapidly progressive cerebellar syndrome. Thorough investigation revealed only cerebellar atrophy on brain imaging and positive anti-GAD65 antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid suggesting the diagnosis of anti-GAD antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia. Despite prompt treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and rituximab, the patient’s condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died 4 months later. This case suggests that anti-GAD antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia may be a rare manifestation of chronic GVHD.
17p13.1 Microduplication Syndrome in a Child, Familial Short Stature, and Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Leka-Emiri Sofia , Petrou Vassilios , Manolakos Emmanouil , Thomaidis Loretta , Fotinou Aspasia , Vlachopapadopoulou Elpis , Michalacos Stefanos
Published: November 2018

To date, 6 cases of 17p13.1 microduplications have been described in the literature. Intellectual disability is the core feature, together with minor facial dysmorphisms and obesity. We describe the first case of a young patient with a maternally inherited microduplication in 17p13.1 presenting with growth hormone deficiency. The boy was addressed to the endocrine division for growth retardation (weight and height <3rd percentile). Besides minor facial dysmorphisms, physical and neurological examinations were normal except for motor dyspraxia. Basic blood tests and endocrinological investigations were normal, but IGF1 levels were low for his age. Growth hormone deficiency was confirmed. Hypothalamic pituitary MRI was normal. His karyotype was 46XY. Array-CGH analysis detected a 422-kb copy number gain in the spanning region 17p13.1 inherited from his mother. Although familial short stature is considered a “normal” variation of growth retardation, hormonal and genetic investigation is essential in the etiological diagnosis.
MicroRNA-24-3p Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing RIPK1 Expression in Mice
Authors: Tan Hong , Qi Jie , Fan Bo-Yuan , Zhang Jian , Su Fei-Fei , Wang Hong-Tao 
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: This study was developed to investigate a potential therapeutic method for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury involving the promotion of miR-24-3p expression. Methods: Microarray analysis was used to screen differentially expressed genes in a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury mouse model. Gene set enrichment analysis was utilized to determine vital signaling pathways. Targeting verification was conducted with a luciferase reporter assay. Myocardial I/R injury was developed in mice, and the expression levels of RIPK1 and miR-24-3p were investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Hemodynamic parameters and the activity of serum myocardial enzymes were measured to evaluate cardiac function. Infarct area was observed through HE and TTC staining. Myocardial cell apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity analysis. Results: RIPK1 was an upregulated mRNA found by microarray analysis and a verified target of the downregulated miRNA miR-24-3p. The upregulation of RIPK1 (1.8-fold) and the downregulation of miR-24-3p (0.3-fold) were confirmed in I/R mice. RIPK1 led to impaired cardiac function indexes, increased infarct area and cell apoptosis, while miR-24-3p could reverse the injury by regulating RIPK1. The TNF signaling pathway was proven to be involved in myocardial I/R injury through the detection of the dysregulation of related proteins. Conclusion: In conclusion, RIPK1 was upregulated and miR-24-3p was downregulated in a myocardial I/R injury mouse model. RIPK1 could aggravate myocardial I/R injury via the TNF signaling pathway, while miR-24-3p could suppress RIPK1 and therefore exert cardioprotective effects in myocardial I/R injury.
O italiano na escola pública: conflitos históricos em Santa Catarina
Authors: Torquato Carolina Pizzolo
Published: November 2018

This paper focuses on the teaching of Italian language in public schools in some cities of the state of Santa Catarina in Brazil by framing it into the context of Brazilian linguistic diversity. In the last decades, cities founded by Italian immigrants that arrived in Brazil during the XIX century promulgated laws that assured the inclusion of the Italian language in the curriculum of their public school system, even though the majority of the immigrants spoke Italian dialects. The article, then, besides dealing with the linguistic repertoire of the immigrants, shall also try to analyze the linguistic oppression that those immigrants were subjected to during the Estado Novo period of Brazilian politics, seeking to access the consequences of that oppression for the new generations. The chief aim of the paper is, therefore, to problematize the relationship between linguistic oppression and prejudices still in place regarding the use of Italian dialects, trying to put into question the validity of the teaching of standardized Italian in communities formed mainly by dialectophones.
Particularidades do imperfetto no livro didático de italiano L2 Nuovo Espresso 2
Authors: Carneiro Leandro Vidal , Muller Fernanda Suelly
Published: November 2018

Tendo em vista a premissa dos  propósitos comunicativos desde as correntes funcionalistas (PEZZATI, 2011), bem como sua apresentação e possível aplicação nos mais recentes materiais didáticos inseridos no contexto comunicativo do pós-método (KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006), pretendemos, neste artigo, discutir a apresentação e a abordagem dos valores tempo-aspectuais do imperfetto no material didático Nuovo Espresso 2 (BALÌ; RIZZO, 2014). De modo ainda mais específico, sublinhamos o imperfetto apresentado no manual em questão pela perspectiva do modo realis e as estratégias didáticas utilizadas pelas autoras durante as fases de globalidade, análise, reflexão e síntese. Os resultados apontam que as autoras primam as funções iterativa e descritiva do passado imperfectivo do italiano, apresentando textos motivadores e prototípicos da ocorrência dessas funções, a fim de que o aprendiz alcance as seguintes competências comunicativas: narrar fatos da infância, contar sobre viagens e hábitos do passado ou descrever situações passadas; e encerra com exercícios de verificação da aprendizagem que contemplam a capacidade do aprendiz de relacionar, completar tabelas e textos com formas verbais ou com outros elementos do texto, completar e/ou ligar frases, escolher a expressão adequada e identificar funções. Embora haja um equilíbrio na apresentação dessas duas funções, os dados colhidos atestam que as autoras não apresentam no material didático a função narrativa do imperfetto, desconsiderando-a totalmente.
EL JARDÍN DE LOS SENDEROS QUE SE BIFURCAN: ENSAIO SOBRE UMA GEOMETRIA NÃO-EUCLIDIANA A PARTIR DA IMAGINAÇÃO DE SPINOZA
Authors: Azevedo Raquel
Published: November 2018

As inúmeras tentativas de verificação do quinto postulado de Euclides geralmente culminavam com matemáticos receosos diante do mundo novo com que se deparavam em suas provas incompletas. Seria apenas com a concepção de que o postulado das paralelas é um caso extremo de deformação do espaço que o enigma encontraria uma solução. Assim como a geometria hiperbólica recorre a um espaço tridimensional para definir a geometria plana como um fenômeno característico da superfície de uma esfera com raio infinito, a hipótese deste trabalho é executar uma operação lógica semelhante à Ética de Spinoza ao testarmos a elasticidade do experimento mental do escólio da proposição 44 da segunda parte. A metafísica hiperbólica com que nos deparamos é a das infinitas séries de tempo de Jorge Luis Borges.
FORMAÇÃO E GRATIDÃO: UMA HOMENAGEM À PROFESSORA MARILENA
Authors: Dos Santos Antônio Carlos
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste texto é prestar uma homenagem à Profa. Marilena Chaui evocando um momento de minha formação e um outro de minha atuação enquanto chefe de departamento. Nos dois casos, registro minha gratidão à Professora, seja por essas marcas, seja por sua contribuição à filosofia no Brasil.
SINGULAR
Authors: Lacerda Tessa Moura
Published: November 2018

O trabalho da obra de Marilena Chaui, em seu A nervura do real – volume ii, é espinosano no sentido pleno do termo: como Espinosa, Marilena Chaui precisa desconstruir um discurso cristalizado e mostrar que a substância única espinosana gera, em uma complexa rede causal, seres singulares. Os seres singulares existem como efeitos da substância única e como efeitos da série infinita de causas da Natureza (naturada). A coisa singular é resultado, portanto, de uma dupla causalidade, e se não se pode dizer que tem uma existência necessária por sua essência, existe necessariamente pela causa.A questão da singularidade, porém, não me interessa apenas como via de acesso à filosofia de Espinosa e, por contraste, à filosofia de Leibniz. Interessa-me de maneira afetiva. O artigo narra, por isso, dois momentos de meu diálogo com Marilena Chaui acerca da singularidade.
MÚLTIPLA
Authors: Ramos Silvana De Souza
Published: November 2018

Texto escrito em homenagem a Marilena Chaui, onde destaco o papel da pensadora em questão na minha formação intelectual no intuito de esclarecer a concepção de filosofia desenvolvida por ela, tanto em seus escritos quanto em sua prática didática. Trata-se de destacar o caráter democrático da produção do saber, bem como a exigência de multiplicidade expressa por essa concepção.
MARILENA CHAUI E AS ARTES: HÉLIO OITICICA, ESPINOSA, MILES DAVIS E A VOZ DE UM TROVÃO
Authors: Xavier Henrique Piccinato
Published: November 2018

O artigo procura considerar a fecundidade da ideia de arte e da própria criação artística no interior da prática filosófica de Marilena Chaui a partir de quatro pontos: i - a defesa de uma estética que não seja meramente pautada pelo julgamento de gosto e pela experiência do belo, mas por relações ativas entre arte, vida, crítica e engajamento social; ii - um parêntese de uma história pessoal que entrelaça política, ensino e literatura; iii - uma análise da escrita não apenas filosófica, mas literária da autora, em uma comparação à própria escrita de Espinosa; iv - a importância da voz e da criação no ensino de filosofia de Chaui.
EXCITAÇÃO MIDIÁTICA: OS SIMULACROS DO PODER PASSIONAL NAS ANÁLISES DO PRESENTE
Authors: Alavina Fran
Published: November 2018

O artigo visa homenagear a pensadora Marilena Chaui apontando sua especificidade de tratamento em relação às manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil. Por um lado, dialogando com seu artigo “Simulacro e poder: uma análise da mídia”, por outro lado, alargando a concepção de ideologia da competência. Neste último aspecto trata-se de pensar a figura do intelectual homologado como sendo aquele que, mesmo não ocupando lugar central no circuito midiático, torna-se uma das caricaturas mais palpáveis da redução do pensamento crítico às artificialidades de um afeto estranhado e inautêntico.
AS NOVAS AVENTURAS DA FILOSOFIA - MARILENA CHAUI LENDO MERLEAU-PONTY
Authors: Siviero José Marcelo
Published: November 2018

Trata-se duma leitura do ensaio Experiência do Pensamento, em que Marilena Chaui analisa a maneira como Merleau-Ponty lê e se posiciona a respeito da tradição filosófica em que desenvolve o seu próprio pensamento. Unindo dois termos polarizados pela tradição como dois opostos irreconciliáveis (experiência e pensamento), Chaui mostra como os dois termos se articulam no interior da reflexão de Merleau-Ponty. Nosso objetivo aqui é investigar como um pensamento filosófico se constitui enquanto diálogo, interrogação e combate entre sistemas e correntes de pensamento, confrontando a ideia de que as grandes filosofias se comportariam como sistemas e correntes isolados
MARILENA CHAUI E A REFLEXÃO SOBRE A UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Costa Martha
Published: November 2018

O texto apresenta uma visão geral do caminho percorrido por Marilena Chaui em sua reflexão sobre a universidade, que se efetua desde os anos 1970 e culmina na compreensão da gênese e do funcionamento específico da forma contemporânea da universidade: a universidade operacional, reduzida à condição de organização prestadora de serviços, administrada segundo a lógica da empresa capitalista moderna, atravessada pela heteronomia e distanciada de sua vocação política democrática. Os artigos de Chaui dedicados à universidade configuram um rico espaço de inteligibilidade no qual se entrecruzam a sua interpretação sobre as estruturas históricas e culturais da sociedade brasileira, sua concepção da democracia, sua análise acerca dos efeitos que o neoliberalismo impõe sobre a produção e a destinação dos saberes, o lugar e o sentido da universidade. A crítica de Chaui à universidade refaz uma memória institucional necessária ao enfrentamento de sua forma atual: busca vincular o exercício de entendimento à recusa do instituído, convocando, assim, o desejo de transformação.
LOCKE E A APROPRIAÇÃO PRIVADA: EM QUE CONDIÇÕES O DIREITO DE EXCLUIR PODE SER JUSTIFICADO?
Authors: Spitz Jean-Fabien
Published: November 2018

Ao colocar em evidência a legitimidade de uma instituição defendida por Locke, ou seja, o direito genérico que todos os membros da espécie humana têm de utilizar os recursos da natureza para preservar a sua existência, fca nítido que a propriedade privada exclusiva só é justifcável com o acréscimo de obrigações sociais rigorosas, apresentadas pelo próprio autor, para garantir que ela não prejudique a preservação da existência de qualquer dos membro da espécie, pelo simples fato de que a realidade de uma instituição não pode contradizer o fundamento que lhe confere legitimidade. A partir disso, este texto se propõe a contestar a conclusão de Matthew Kramer de que a tentativa de Locke de estabelecer a legitimidade da propriedade privada no estado de natureza está fadada ao fracasso
O que restou de tudo isso? Signos da arte e da memória em 'Cinzas do Norte'
Authors: Pinto Julio Pimentel
Published: November 2018

O texto identifica a construção de três perfis distintos de artistas no romance Cinzas do Norte, de Milton Hatoum, e, por meio deles, reflete sobre a relação entre ficção e história, sobre a evocação do passado, o trabalho da memória e os sentidos da arte.
A memória da revivescência do mito
Authors: Corradin Flavia Maria Ferraz Sampaio
Published: November 2018

Este ensaio tem o objetivo de tratar de duas narrativas de autores contemporâneos portugueses − Pedro e Inês, de Vasco Pereira da Costa, e A trança de Inês, de Rosa Lobato de Faria −, que reatualizam o mito inesiano a partir de conceitos como história, literatura, memória, tempo, mito.
Apresentação da segunda parte do dossiê História e Literatura
Authors: Pinto Júlio Pimentel , Iegelski Francine , Chiarelli Stefania
Published: November 2018

Apresentação da segunda parte do dossiê História e Literatura
Jörn Rüsen contra a compensação
Authors: Assis Arthur Alfaix
Published: November 2018

“Compensação” é a palavra-chave que sintetiza uma influente resposta ao problema da função das ciências humanas no mundo contemporâneo. Originária do universo da filosofia alemã da segunda metade do século 20, tal resposta sustenta, em linhas gerais, que as ciências humanas servem como uma espécie de indenização espiritual por prejuízos culturais causados pela modernização a sociedades e indivíduos (no bojo, por exemplo, da disseminação de novas relações sociais abstratas e não-tradicionais, ou do acelerado progresso dos meios técnicos). A teoria da compensação pode ser apontada como um dos principais conjuntos de ideias a que se contrapõe a teoria da história de Jörn Rüsen. O presente texto enfoca a relação agonística entre essas duas teorias, no centro das quais está o problema do valor e da utilidade dos estudos históricos. Lançar luz sobre tal relação – esta é a minha aposta interpretativa – é uma maneira de compreender melhor aspectos importantes das reflexões de Rüsen sobre história e historiografia que até agora ainda não receberam a atenção que lhes é devida. Quero mostrar que Rüsen rejeita a teoria da compensação não só porque discorda da divisão do trabalho científico nela apregoada, a qual atribui às ciências humanas o papel relativamente modesto de tentar conservar alguma parte daquilo que a modernização ameaça destruir. Procurarei explicar como tal rejeição também se deve a diferenças mais fundamentais existentes entre Rüsen e os teóricos da compensação, mais especificamente, às suas divergências de entendimento quanto à natureza da modernidade e quanto ao modo de configurar a complexa inter-relação entre conhecimento, política e futuro.
A experiência do presente em Corola, de Claudia Roquette-Pinto
Authors: De Oliveira Prado Vinícius
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho tem por finalidade apresentar uma interpretação da obra poética Corola de Claudia Roquette-Pinto. Trata-se de pensar como a experiência do presente vem na esteira de uma vivência de choque cotidiana capaz de aflorar nos aspectos mais sensíveis da interioridade. Para tanto, será necessário refletir, a partir do trauma, como se dá a mobilização dos referentes em prol da construção de um real que se encontra defasado. Neste sentido, a poesia de Claudia aparece como um movimento de interiorização capaz de expor seu entorno.
Resenha: SILVA, Mário Augusto Medeiros da. A descoberta do insólito: literatura negra e literatura periférica no Brasil (1960-2000). Rio de Janeiro, Aeroplano, 2013.
Authors: Silva Maurício
Published: November 2018

Resenha do livro:SILVA, Mário Augusto Medeiros da. A descoberta do insólito: literatura negra e literatura periférica no Brasil (1960-2000). Rio de Janeiro, Aeroplano, 2013.
Diante da imagem, um poema: sobre O burro e o boi no presépio de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Baião Livia De Sá
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo se propõe a analisar cinco poemas de João Guimarães Rosa que estão entre os 26 poemas intitulados O burro e o boi no presépio, publicados inicialmente na Revista Senhor e, depois, no livro póstumo Ave, palavra. É um conjunto de poemas inspirado em quadros medievais e renascentistas que tem como tema principal as figuras do boi e do burro na cena do nascimento de Jesus. Os poemas são analisados em seus aspectos métricos, rítmicos, sonoros e suas unidades semânticas e expressivas com o objetivo de aprofundar o entendimento sobre a produção poética do escritor, tanto na sua criação formalmente considerada como poesia quanto em sua prosa, impregnada de poesia.
O olhar anômalo: modos de ver e apreender o mundo na obra de Manoel de Barros
Authors: Gonçalves Junior Elvio Fernandes
Published: November 2018

Neste trabalho examinamos poemas de Manoel de Barros, cujas temáticas principais são o olhar e a imagem. Para analisar os poemas recorremos ao método comparativo, contrastando os poemas selecionados com poemas de Charles Baudelaire e Arthur Rimbaud. Além disso, preceitos do Surrealismo foram introduzidos com a intenção de fazer uma aproximação com a obra do poeta. Textos teóricos concernentes à temática da imagem, como os de Octavio Paz e Claudio Willer são também citados de modo a demonstrar como o poeta elabora uma visão singular de mundo pautada em correspondências imagéticas.
A palavra em trânsito: fronteiras e limiares na literatura brasileira
Authors: Silva Eduardo Marinho da , Godoi Marcílio Ribeiro , Tahan Rafael
Published: November 2018

Editorial do número 12 da Opiniães - Revista dos Alunos de Literatura Brasileira (Dossiê: Nos Limiares Líricos).
The importance of the whole: Topological data analysis for the network neuroscientist
Authors: Sizemore Ann E. , Phillips-Cremins Jennifer E. , Ghrist Robert , Bassett Danielle S.
Published: November 2018

Data analysis techniques from network science have fundamentally improved our understanding of neural systems and the complex behaviors that they support. Yet the restriction of network techniques to the study of pairwise interactions prevents us from taking into account intrinsic topological features such as cavities that may be crucial for system function. To detect and quantify these topological features, we must turn to algebro-topological methods that encode data as a simplicial complex built from sets of interacting nodes called simplices. We then use the relations between simplices to expose cavities within the complex, thereby summarizing its topological features. Here we provide an introduction to persistent homology, a fundamental method from applied topology that builds a global descriptor of system structure by chronicling the evolution of cavities as we move through a combinatorial object such as a weighted network. We detail the mathematics and perform demonstrative calculations on the mouse structural connectome, synapses in C. elegans, and genomic interaction data. Finally, we suggest avenues for future work and highlight new advances in mathematics ready for use in neural systems.
Phylogeny of Chinese Chamaesium (Apiaceae: Apioideae) inferred from ITS, cpDNA and morphological characters
Authors: GUO XIAN LIN , WANG CHANG BAO , WEN JUN , ZHOU SONGDONG , HE XING JIN
Published: November 2018

Chamaesium (Apiaceae) is a morphologically specific genus distributed mainly at high altitudes from East Himalaya to Southwest China. China is an important diversity center of Chamaesium, where most of its species occur. It differs from most Apiaceae taxa by 1- pinnate leaf blade, and fruit with primary and secondary ribs all prominent to narrowly winged. The objective of the present study is to contribute to the phylogenetic relationships within Chamaesium, using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and three plastid makers (rpl16, rps16 and trnT-trnL). Nine species involving 28 populations of Chamaesium, three species of Bupleurum were collected this time and seven sequences of Pleurospermeae clade were obtained from the NCBI, to infer their phylogeny using Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses for the first time. The monophyly of Chamaesium is supported, proved that each species belongs to an individual clade, and the differentiation between species is obvious. Some new characteristics such as morphology in fruit and basal leaves, are used in the identification key, and new geographical distribution of Chamaesium species in China were provided. The taxonomic treatments for six species (not include the previously described species) in China including type materials, synonyms, distribution, habitats and specimens examined were carried out comprehensively referring to previous studies and our own fieldwork. A new identification key for the Chinese species of Chamaesium is reported.
Euastrum kossinskiae: a new species of desmid from the aapa mire of the Vologda Region (European Russia)
Authors: ANISSIMOVA OLGA V. , PHILIPPOV DMITRIY A.
Published: November 2018

A new small-celled species of the genus Euastrum is described from Piyavochnoe Mire (Vologda Region, European Russia). The species was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. This species refers to the group of Cosmarium-like species of Euastrum. This taxon is also compared to the other morphologically similar species.
An endemic predaceous water beetle from the Murchison River in Western Australia—Antiporus kalbarriensis sp.n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporini)
Authors: HENDRICH LARS , WATTS CHRIS H. S.
Published: November 2018

Antiporus kalbarriensis sp.n. is described from the Murchison bioregion in Western Australia. The species appears to be restricted to backwater pools and oxbows along the Murchison River. Morphologically it is near Antiporus bakewellii (Clark, 1862) (Queensland, New South Wales), A. jenniferae Watts, 1997 (Northern Territory, N Queensland, NW Australia) and A. simplex Watts, 1978 (Queensland) but differs by the form of the median lobe, size and male proclaw. The habitat and its water beetle coenosis are described in detail. Additional distributional records for A. bakewellii and A. jenniferae are given. Altogether 15 species of Antiporus are now reported from Australia. The new species underline the importance of south-western Australia as a hotspot of diversity for Dytiscidae of the tribe Hydroporini Aubé, 1836.
Descriptions of five new species of Paduniella from Madagascar (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae)
Authors: JOHANSON KJELL ARNE , OLÁH JÁNOS
Published: November 2018

Five new species of Paduniella (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae) are described: P. flinti, P. nandra, P. ambra, P. madagassa, and P. sona, representing the first records of the genus from Madagascar and more than doubling the number of Paduniella species known from the Afrotropical Region.
Two newly detected bark and ambrosia beetles from southern Florida (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)
Authors: ATKINSON THOMAS H. , RABAGLIA ROBERT J. , COGNATO ANTHONY I.
Published: November 2018

Coptoborus pseudotenuis (Schedl) and Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, two species of Neotropical Scolytinae, are reported from Florida and the U.S. for the first time. This is the first report of the genus Coptoborus from the U.S. We provide descriptions, figures, distribution maps and keys.
A species-level revision of the North American brontotheres Eotitanops and Palaeosyops (Mammalia, Perissodactyla)
Authors: MADER BRYN J.
Published: November 2018

A systematic revision based on a morphological and statistical analysis recognizes two species of Eotitanops (E. borealis, and E. gregoryi) and three species of Palaeosyops (P. paludosus, P. fontinalis, and P. robustus) as valid. The name P. robustus is selected as having priority over the name P. laticeps under the Principle of First Reviser. Eotitanops is the only member of the subfamily Eotitanopinae and Palaeosyops is the only member of the subfamily Palaeosyopinae.
Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA
Authors: KINZIGER ANDREW P. , WOOD ROBERT M.
Published: November 2018

Cottus immaculatus, new species, is described from the Current, Eleven Point, Spring and White river systems of the White River drainage, in the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA. Cottus immaculatus is a member of the Uranidea clade and distinguishable from all members of the genus Cottus using genetic and morphological characters. Cottus immaculatus possesses a previously unreported but possibly widespread character in the genus Cottus, enlargement of the tips of the dorsal-fin spines of males. The description of Cottus immaculatus brings the total number of species recognized within the genus Cottus to 68.
Two new species of Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Indochina, with a discussion of some problems with the classification of Serrophorus and similar subgenera
Authors: TARASOV SERGEY I. , KABAKOV OLEG N.
Published: November 2018

Two new species of Onthophagus Latreille, 1802 are described from Indochina: O. (Sunenaga) streltsovi sp. n. and O. (Sinonthophagus) nampatensis sp. n. Some problems with the current systematics of Onthophagus, especially with respect to the subgenera Serrophorus, Sunenaga and Macronthophagus are discussed.
Ommatius Wiedemann, 1821, normus species-group (Diptera, Asilidae): description of two new species and comments on Brazilian species
Authors: VIEIRA RODRIGO , BRAVO FREDDY , RAFAEL JOSÉ ALBERTINO
Published: November 2018

Six currently recognized species and two new species are included in the Ommatius normus species-group: Ommatius castroi sp. nov. (Brazil – Amapá State); Ommatius trifidus sp. nov. (Brazil – Bahia State, Pará State); Ommatius nebulosus Scarbrough, 2008; Ommatius neotropicus Curran, 1928; Ommatius normus Curran, 1928; Ommatius pulcher (Engel, 1885); Ommatius ruficaudus Curran, 1928; and Ommatius tepui Scarbrough, 2008. A revised key to the normus species-group and new geographical records are provided.
New synonymy, new combinations and other taxonomic changes in Japanese xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: SMITH SARAH M. , BEAVER ROGER A. , COGNATO ANTHONY I.
Published: November 2018

The following 13 new combinations are given: Ambrosiophilus osumiensis (Murayama, 1934), Ancipitis machili (Niisima, 1910), Cyclorhipidion bispinum (Nobuchi, 1981), Cyclorhipidion japonicum (Nobuchi, 1981), Cyclorhipidion laetum (Niisima, 1909), Cyclorhipidion misatoense (Nobuchi, 1981), Cyclorhipidion miyazakiense (Murayama, 1936), Cyclorhipidion okinosenense (Murayama, 1961), Cyclorhipidion takinoyense (Murayama, 1953), Debus defensus (Blandford, 1894), Immanus permarginatus (Schedl, 1933), Microperus calamoides (Murayama, 1934), Microperus quercicola (Eggers, 1926), all originally described in Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864. The following 24 new synonyms are proposed: Ambrosiophilus atratus (Eichhoff, 1876) (=Xyleborus collis Niisima, 1910 syn. n.); Ambrosiophilus osumiensis (Murayama, 1934) (=Xyleborus metanepotulus Eggers, 1939 syn. n.); Ancipitis machili (Niisima, 1910) (=Xyleborus depressus Eggers, 1923 syn. n.; = Xyleborus kojimai Murayama, 1936 syn. n.); Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius, 1792) (=Xyleborus ishidai Niisima, 1909 syn. n.); Cnestus aterrimus (Eggers, 1927) (=Cnestus maculatus Browne, 1983 syn. n.; = Cnestus murayamai Schedl, 1962 syn. n.; = Cnestus murayamai Browne, 1963 syn. n.; = Tosaxyleborus pallidipennis Murayama, 1950. syn. n.); Cyclorhipidion miyazakiense (Murayama, 1936) (=Xyleborus armipennis Schedl, 1953 syn. n.; = Xyleborus wakayamensis Nobuchi, 1981 syn. n.); Microperus kadoyamaensis (Murayama, 1934) (=Xyleborus nameranus Murayama, 1954 syn. n.); Microperus quercicola (Eggers, 1926) (=Xyleborus izuensis Murayama, 1952 syn. n.); Planiculus bicolor (Blandford, 1894) (=Xyleborus ashuensis Murayama, 1954 syn. n.); Xyleborinus attenuatus (Blandford, 1894) (=Xyleborinus canus Niisima, 1909 syn. n.); Xyleborinus schaufussi (Blandford, 1894) (=Xyleborus kraunhiae Niisima, 1910 syn. n.); Xyleborus festivus Eichhoff, 1876 (=Xyleborus detectus Schedl, 1975a syn. n.; = Xyleborus pinicola Eggers, 1930 syn. n.; = Xyleborus pinivorus Browne, 1980 syn. n.); Xyleborus metacuneolus Eggers, 1940 (= Xyleborus kaimochii Nobuchi, 1981 syn. n.); Xyleborus perforans (Wollaston, 1857) (=Xyleborus shionomisakiensis Murayama, 1951 syn. n.); Xyleborus pfeilii (Ratzeburg, 1837) (=Xyleborus septentrionalis Niisima 1909 syn. n.); Xyleborus seriatus Blandford, 1894 (=Xyleborus todo Kono, 1938 syn. n.); Xylosandrus brevis (Eichhoff, 1877) (=Xyleborus montanus Niisima, 1910 syn. n.). Arixyleborus yakushimanus (Murayama, 1958) is removed from synonymy with A. malayensis (Schedl, 1954). The types of Xyleborus nagaoensis Murayama, 1934, and X. ohtoensis Nobuchi, 1981 were examined and are confirmed to be correctly placed in Xyleborus. Lectotypes are designated for Xyleborus ishidai Niisima, 1909, and Xyleborus septentrionalis Niisima, 1909.
Geographic variation in the advertisement call of Trachycephalus typhonius Anura: Hylidae) based on South American samples
Authors: ZARACHO VÍCTOR HUGO , AGUIAR LEONARDO DIONEL , GIARETTA ARIOVALDO ANTONIO
Published: November 2018

Previously described calls of Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758) correspond to several populations from Central and South America, but in general, these descriptions were brief and often based on a single recorded individual. Here, based on an expressive sample, we re-describe the advertisement calls of T. typhonius using recordings from populations in Brazil and Argentina. Additionally, we discuss geographical variation of calls, comment on their frequency band structure and compare calls with those described for other species of Trachycephalus. Calls of 32 males were recorded and temporal and spectral features of 269 calls were measured. To search for discrimination among three populations sampled we used the Random Forest (RF) model, Multidimensional Scaling Analysis (MDS) and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test. The advertisement calls of T. typhonius consist of a multipulsed note of 343–540 ms of duration, emitted at regular intervals, with up to three emphasized frequency bands. Dominant frequency ranged between 1705–2750 Hz. Calls from Rondônia (Brazil) were significantly different from those recorded in Argentina and Minas Gerais (Brazil) in relation to pulse rate and dominant frequency. Populations from Minas Gerais and Argentina differed in dominant frequency of calls. Such population differences can be partly attributed to differences in prevalence of calling sites (immersed in water vs. perches on vegetation), but can also hint at the existence of cryptic species diversity under this taxon.
A new Scandinavian Chamaedrilus species (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae), with additional notes on others
Authors: MARTINSSON SVANTE , KLINTH MÅRTEN , ERSÉUS CHRISTER
Published: November 2018

Chamaedrilus (earlier referred to as Cognettia) is a well-known genus of terrestrial and limnic enchytraeids, currently with 19 known species in the world. Some of its species are morphologically cryptic and can only be identified using genetic (DNA) information. Many of them reproduce asexually, and the prevalence of sexual mature individuals is generally low in the populations. Chamaedrilus asloae sp. nov. (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) is described based on material from two rivers in Norway, one in Sweden, and from a wet deciduous forest in Denmark. With the material at hand, no morphological characters completely separate C. asloae from C. chalupskyi; none of the available specimens of the new species are sexually mature. However, four molecular markers (two mitochondrial, two nuclear) support that C. asloae is a distinct, separately evolved lineage, which is sister to a clade consisting of C. glandulosus and C. varisetosus. In this study, too, the fully developed sexual organs of C. chalupskyi and C. varisetosus are described and illustrated.