bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of increasing the bandwidth of a two-channel receiver on noise-immunity
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI ", Ilyin Alexander G. ,   (KNITU-KAI), Mahdi Khafaga Ali S. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI "(KNITU-KAI)
Published: September 2022

This work discusses the effect of increasing the bandwidth of a two-channel receiver on the noise-immunity of the receiving system at low signal-to-noise ratios (S/N = 0....3). The dependency of the probability of false alarms on the signal-to-noise ratio at different ratios of the receiver bandwidth to the carrier frequency of the signal was given. It is notorious that the noise level increases with the increasing bandwidth of the receiving device, thereby reducing the sensitivity and noise-immunity of the receiving system when receiving pulse signals. In most practical cases, this problem is solved by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the receiving device by increasing the power of the transmitter and using linear filtering on the receiving side. However, if we consider that the signal-to-noise ratio is low, the search for new methods to solve this problem is more relevant than ever. Differences in the structures of input processes were used as additional information features and identified using nonlinear converters. It should be emphasized that a phase switch was used as a nonlinear converter. The principle of its operational concept was to change the spectrum of the input process by switching the phase by 180 degrees when the envelope passes through zero. Our research proves that phase jumps in a mixture of signal and noise can be used as secondary information signs. Consequently, a conventional phase detector can be used in the second channel of the receiver. The viability of this idea has been tested in practice, so the main objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of using the above approaches to receiving short radio pulses in narrowband digital communication systems and the effect of increasing the bandwidth of a two-channel receiver on the noise immunity of the receiving system at low signal-to-noise ratios.
About methods for collecting and analyzing traffic flow characteristics
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moseva Marina S.
Published: September 2022

The ever-increasing motorization leads to the need to solve problems related to the optimal movement of transport, ensuring its safety and improving the environmental situation. According to Rosstat statistics, the number of own cars in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (per 1,000 people) is increasing every year. The issues of optimal control of the movement of vehicles remain topical. Modeling of traffic flows allows you to determine the "bottlenecks" of the existing road network. In most situations, the best solution to the above problems is to improve the existing transport system. This approach is quite expensive. In this regard, studies related to the development and application of modern and promising technologies in the creation of intelligent transport systems of various levels and purposes are relevant both today and in the future. The collection and analysis of data on traffic flows allows you to verify the models, as well as make decisions about the further management of the movement of vehicles. With the development of computer technology and information technology, methods for accumulating and processing information about traffic flows have been improved. Today it becomes possible to receive, process data and make decisions in real time. This study is devoted to an overview of existing methods for monitoring and collecting characteristics about the state of traffic flows. A review of modern technologies and sensors used to collect traffic information is made. The method for collecting data on road users is described. An algorithm for classifying vehicles depending on the brand of the vehicle has been developed. The description of the vehicle tracking algorithm is given. The method for calculating the main characteristics of the traffic flow (speed, density, intensity) based on data from the video sequence is described.
Development of risk management theory
Authors:   Russian university of transport (MIIT), Maksimova Evgeniya S. , Shmal Vadim N. ,   Russian university of transport (MIIT)
Published: September 2022

The issues of developing a risk assessment in the field of functional traffic safety for the Central Directorate of Traffic Control (CD), Central Directorate of Infrastructure, Directorate of Traction and Transenergo are considered. assessment of risks associated with violation of traffic safety rules and operation of railway transport on the responsibility of traffic control centers (DCC). The general theory of risk management in various areas of the economy and industry, the methods for identifying factors affecting risk, the formation of a risk register and risk management strategies, taking into account the possible costs of eliminating the possibility of risk triggering and financial losses from possible negative events, are described. A brief historical background on the development of risk management theory is given. The issues of developing methodological approaches to assessing risks in the field of functional safety of railway train traffic for the Central Directorate of Traffic Control (CD), the Central Directorate of Infrastructure, the Directorate of Traction and Transenergo are considered.
The operating algorithm of the delay device processing time overlapped pulses in a matrix receiver
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University ", Podstrigaev Alexey S. ,   LETI", Lukiyanov Alexander S. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"
Published: September 2022

Matrix receiver from about the 1960s is used for wideband analysis of the signal environment (SE). Its use provides simultaneously a wide instantaneous analysis bandwidth, relatively high sensitivity, no signal gaps and the possibility of narrow-band processing of the output signal. However, there is a high probability of time-overlapping for pulses from pulse streams created by various radio emission sources in modern SE. When processing time-overlapped pulses in a classical matrix receiver, measurement ambiguities and abnormal errors occur. Therefore, multiple approaches are used to improve its efficiency in a complex SE. One such approach is based on installing a delay device to the wideband receiver's input. The principle of operation of the delay device consists of multiple signal transfers from the microwave range to the optical one and vice versa with the passage through fiber segments of various lengths. However, the operation algorithm of such a device has not been developed in detail. That's why our purpose is to substantiate and develop the algorithm for operating the delay device installed at the input of the matrix receiver to ensure the processing of time-overlapped pulses. In addition to the main algorithm for adapting the delay value to the pulse duration, we developed a nested algorithm for choosing a segment of the adjustable delay line. To store the pulse for the duration of processing by the receiver of previously received pulses, we developed a nested algorithm for executing the delay cycle. The use of the delay device operating following the proposed algorithm makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of measurement ambiguity and abnormal errors during the operation of the matrix receiver in the complex SE.
Information security in the big data space
Authors:   Transport Security Fund, Statev Vyacheslav Yu. , Dokuchaev Vladimir A. ,   MTUCI, Maklachkova Victoria V. ,   MTUCI
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this work is to develop the foundations of a new approach to the problem of information security in the context of "Big Data" technologies. The purpose of obtaining and processing information about the subject area is their subsequent use for the formation of targeted impacts on the control object. At the same time, observation and awareness of what is happening with the object was previously carried out through a certain system of informatization of the subject's activity, i.e. indirectly, and the implementation of the decision was carried out within the framework of the control object, i.e. directly. Under the conditions of Digital Transformation, the impact on the control object is carried out not directly, but on its "Digital Twin" with subsequent reduction, if necessary, of this impact on the physical control object. Thus, a system of digitalization of the subject's activity appears. When implementing such systems, one of the main principles is the principle of system security (ensuring information security). However, its implementation is hampered by the fact that "Big Data" technologies are associated not so much with their large volumes, but also with the need to process a variety of consolidated data that have a different structure, classification and indexing schemes. In this regard, it is proposed to analyze the DIKW-model and analyze the essence of the concepts included in it, which will make it possible to proceed to DIKW processing using "Big Data" technologies. At the same time, it becomes necessary to solve two problems: assessing the impact of the degree of consolidation of data, information and knowledge on the increase in their importance in ensuring the information security of the subject of the "Big Data" space and assessing the critical mass of data, information and knowledge available in the "Big Data" space, with from the point of view of their complex joint processing and obtaining more important information on their basis. To establish the necessary balance between the need for information exchange and the permissible restrictions on the dissemination of data, information and knowledge, a new virtual concept is introduced - "Information Boundary" and the issue of ensuring information security is reduced to the task of pragmatically justified access restriction for all levels of the DIKW-model and the concept of "DIKW - security. An intensional approach is proposed for controlling "Information Boundaries" in the process of using "Big Data" technologies, which ensures the transition from static solutions to the issues of ensuring the subject's information security to the implementation of dynamic procedures for such control using elements of Artificial Intelligence, monitoring this space and predicting one's "place" in the "Big Data" space.
Segment routing in data transmission networks
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Shvedov Andrey V. , Gadasin Denis V. ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Alyoshintsev Andrey V. ,   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National research university)
Published: September 2022

A telecommunications network is a group of nodes and connections between them, the main purpose of the organization of which is to transmit information for a certain period of time. Since the network is only a tool, the technologies of applying this tool to the transmitted information may vary, i.e. the algorithms for transmitting information between nodes, choosing the order of transmission, building routes from one node to another may differ depending on the principles of network organization and the goals of information transmission. One of these technologies is Segment Routing (SR), created in order to improve the methods of working with the network, its vision and eliminate the problems inherent in the technologies previously used on these networks. Segment routing represents an important evolutionary step forward in the design, management and operation of modern data transmission networks. An important mechanism for optimizing the use of network resources is the load balancing mechanism. Data on the status of nodes and data transmission channels in the network can significantly facilitate the task of ensuring load balancing in the network. This article is devoted to an overview of segment routing technology, consideration of existing prerequisites for more active implementation and use of this technology.
Analysis of the capabilities of MPLS technology for managing traffic in communication networks
Authors:   MTUCI, Stepanova Irina V. , Nouma Knaj ,   MTUCI
Published: September 2022

To support a growing number of users and multiple classes of applications with different performance requirements and characteristics, service providers have been forced to adapt to new technologies. To improve traffic management and Internet service quality, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposed MPLS technology to support several classes of latency-critical applications. Traditional IP networks use a hop-by-pop principle for transmitting traffic. This leads to aggregation of heterogeneous traffic on links in different parts of the network, which causes considerable possible growth of congestion and leaves the network with both unbalanced use of resources and link failure in congested parts. This raises the need for traffic engineering to ensure bandwidth guarantees and efficient use of network resources. To overcome these problems, the IETF has proposed a new data transmission mechanism, which is MPLS (Multi protocol label switching), in accordance with the current requirements. The application of MPLS (Multi protocol label switching) technology in modern communication networks is defined by the author as a research task. The report discusses the prospects of MPLS as a universal technology that supports several protocols. The features of construction of virtual private networks (VPN) on MPLS are considered, and how traffic engineering in MPLS takes into account the use of resources, which makes the development of routes based on separate streams or different streams between the same endpoints more effective.
Method of preventing leakage of personal data through eye-tracking modules of user devices
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Vyatkin Mikhail , Potashnikov Aleksei ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Selivanov Vladimir ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Vlasuyk Igor ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Nezhivleva Ksenia ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Mozhaeva Anastasia ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics,   The University of Waikato
Published: September 2022

At the current stage of technology development, eleven billion records of personal data and payment information were compromised worldwide in 2022 as a result of leaks that became public knowledge, in particular, first and last names, email addresses, phone numbers, passwords, residency information, social security, bank card details and bank account information. Nowadays, with user computer data, personal information about a person can be collected through behavioural habits. Primary identifications by malicious software, such as identification by mouse cursor and sent requests, are already familiar to users and security services of specialized companies. However, the eye movement identification of users is a new and unresolved problem that threatens to cause major losses of personal data in the coming years. Manufacturers, with the exception of clauses in user agreements, do not solve the problem of tracking personal data using new devices. The article presents and analyzes modern eye tracking devices and the guarantee of user anonymity provided by the manufacturers. Proposed solution and method to prevent identity theft at the initial stage of identifying regions of user interest, which used a simulation of the visuomotor system as the horizontal and vertical movements of the human eye relative to a given activation.
Relación entre regulación emocional, alexitimia y síntomas depresivos en estudiantes del programa de Beca 18 de una universidad privada de Arequipa
Authors: Lewis Paredes Jessica
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza la relación entre el tipo de regulación emocional, alexitimia y síntomas depresivos en 114 estudiantes becarios del programa nacional Beca 18, cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 17 y 22 años, de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Arequipa. Para el desarrollo del estudio se aplicó un diseño correlacional, explicativo y transversal. Para la evaluación se utilizaron los instrumentos ERQ [Emotional Regulation Questionnaire] para regulación emocional, la escala de Toronto para alexitimia y el cuestionario de autorreporte de síntomas depresivos de Zung. Los resultados demostraron que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa entre alexitimia y supresión emocional (r = 0.395; p < 0.001) y entre esta última y la presencia de síntomas depresivos (r = 0.319; p = 0.001). En ambos casos la relación es directamente proporcional. Se concluye que la presencia de alexitimia y el uso de supresión como estrategia de regulación emocional están relacionados con sintomatología depresiva. Finalmente, los hallazgos sugieren la instauración de actividades que promuevan estrategias emocionales más saludables en los alumnos para la prevención de posible sintomatología depresiva.
Аналіз досліджень із підвищення стійкості до вибухів залізобетонних плит
Authors: Коломійчук Г.П. , Майстренко О.Ф. , Коломійчук В.Г.
Published: September 2022

Оскільки вибухова стійкість залізобетонних несучих конструкцій не є абсолютним поняттям і завжди пов’язана з високою вартістю, то для будь-якого підвищення рівня захисту від пошкоджень виникає необхідність використання відповідних інструментів оцінки, щоб із розумним ступенем точності визначати рівень уразливості нових, а також існуючих конструкцій.
THE DIRECTION AND PRACTICE OF PEOPLE CATECHESIS IN THE 21ST CENTURY OF RUTENG DIOCESE
Authors: Harmansi Stanislaus Efodius , Habur Agustinus Manfred
Published: September 2022

This study seeks to examine the direction and practice of people catechesis in the 21st century of Ruteng Diocese, namely in the period 2010-2020. The research method used is documentation. Based on theory and document study, it is known that the practice of catechesis of the people in Ruteng Diocese during the 21st century was carried out in Basic Chriatian Communities. The basic direction is the development of the Kingdom of God in various fields of life, especially in the fields of culture, education, environment, ecclesiastical structure, politics, family, lay ministry, faith and the Eucharist. Kingdom-oriented catechesis is holistic. The aim is not only to develop understanding but also to prioritize the appreciation and manifestation of faith in daily concrete actions. Therefore the process is not monologue but interactive-communicative. The method of 3 M is that the people together look at their situation, evaluate it in the light of the Scriptures, and carry out follow-up actions. The people's satisfaction with the implementation of the people catechesis has not been satisfactory because the facilitators are not creative and the lack of skill in facilitating people catechesis meetings. In the future, it is necessary to provide adequate training for these facilitators
CHICKEN NUGGET INNOVATION USING PURPLE SWEET POTATOES IN REUDEUP VILLAGE, MONTASIK, ACEH BESAR REGENCY
Authors: Ika Rezvani Aprita  , Chairil Anwar  , Mulla Kemalawaty
Published: September 2022

This community service activity intended to socialize to the communities by improving knowledge and skills through the utilization of the potential of purple sweet potato in the processing of chicken meat nuggets in Reudeup Village, Montasik District, Aceh Besar Regency. The community service group team consisting of several lecturers assisted by students conducted a survey and situation analysis of the village so that problems could be identified. Based on the survey, the problems faced by the community were: the low level of public knowledge about the use of purple sweet potato as a commodity that can be used in the processing of chicken meat nuggets, lack of alternatives and innovations in food products that use local processed containing anthocyanins, chicken farmers tend to sell chickens without further processing into processed products. The solution of the problems encountered by the community are through efforts to realize diverse food consumption patterns, nutritionally balanced, safe and halal, as well as sufficient composition to meet nutritional needs to support a healthy, active, and productive lifestyle through innovation in the use of purple sweet potato and livestock (chicken) by processing them into chicken meat nuggets. The result of this community service was that people understand and know the processing of chicken meat into chicken nuggets by utilizing the purple sweet potato innovation from their plantation products and able to practice it so that it can improve the level of the economy in daily needs
PEMBUATAN SARINGAN CEPAT (RAPID FILTER) (Penggunaan Pipa PVC Dengan Sistem Pencuci Balik (Backwash) Di SMAN 1 Jejawi OKI)
Authors: Muhrinsyah Fatimura  , Muhammad Bakrie  , Reno Fitriyanti  , Aan Sefentry  , Rully Masriatini  , Husnah  , Nurlela  , Agus Wahyudi
Published: September 2022

Water is the basic need of every living thing, especially humans, animals and plants. Without water, living things cannot be alive. Jejawi District is an area of ​​Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency, South Sumatra Province with a population of 38,098 people. The people of Jejawi District get water for their daily needs from the river and well. The use of water with low quality might potentially cause diarrhea. As such, it is regarded as a potential endemic disease and is an Extraordinary Events (KLB) causing death. The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five in OKI Regency reached 11.35% where Jejawi District was in the fifth place with the highest cases that are 1,328 cases of diarrhea. Given the importance function of water, as one of the study programs at PGRI Palembang University, the chemical engineering study program is committed to contributing to environmental management, especially in the area of ​​South Sumatra, one of which is about water. Some of the courses listed in the curriculum in chemical engineering study programs include water treatment equipment used in water management, such as water filters. A Water filters are tools that can be used to filter and eliminate impurities in the water, by means of a barrier, either by chemical, physical or biological processes. Water filters are widely useful in irrigation, drinking water, aquarium as well as swimming pool. One type of filter that is commonly used is a fast filter water filter (Rapid Filter) with a back wash system. Therefore as an application of the learning outcomes in the chemical engineering study program at the PGRI University of Palembang, As well as helping the problems in Jejawi disrict, particullarly for the academic community of sman 1 jejawi in water treatment, the training was held to make  water rapid filter by back wash system.
Green Chemistry in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Mishra Dr. Sudhir Kumar
Published: September 2022

The development of the concepts for “Green Chemistry” and the main principles of this field are reviewed. Examples of the application of these principles in different areas of chemistry are included. The frequently used alternative solvents (green solvents – water, PEG, perfluorinated solvents, supercritical liquids) in preparative organic chemistry are described. The present and the future developments of green chemistry in education and organic chemical technology are considered.
Iran’s Key Role as Turkmenistan’s Gateway to the World Market
Authors: Allamyradov Gahryman
Published: September 2022

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Iran was the second country, after Turkey to recognize an independent Turkmenistan in the year 1991. This sincere diplomatic attitude by Iran did not end there, it was also reflected in the economic, political and socio-cultural relations it established with the country in the coming days. The 1,148 km long land border, sharing the Caspian Sea border, thousands of years of historical relations and the more than 1 million Turkmen living in Iran make Iran a natural and ancient ally of Turkmenistan. This article examines the post-Soviet economic, diplomatic and political relations between Turkmenistan and Iran. In particular, it underlines how Iran plays the key role of being a gateway to Turkmenistan, which is a landlocked country, and therefore has a strategic role in diversifying the energy routes for the future of the country and opening channels to Turkmenistan from highways and railways. In addition, it discusses how Russia's efforts to monopolize Turkmenistan and the US embargo of Iran affect bilateral relations, and that despite this, the two ancient, friendly countries have developed new strategies to strengthen their relations.
The Role of Immersive Festival Experiences, Identity, And Memory in Cultural Heritage Tourism
Authors: Iversen Nina Marianne , Foley Carmel , Hem Leif Egil
Published: September 2022

This article provides insights for attracting short-haul visitors to cultural heritage festivals. We show how a set of experience dimensions work as value drivers to enhance a cultural heritage experience. Drawing on the experience literature we use structural equation modeling to test the relationships between attitude, memory, and revisit intentions. Empirical data were collected from short-haul visitors (from Scandinavia, Europe, and UK) at five Norwegian Viking festivals. Through an integrative framework we examine how appraisals of the experience are impacted by (1) identification with a festival theme, (2) entertainment value, (3) storytelling, and (4) personal interest. Key findings: attendee perceptions of experience dimensions have a positive influence upon their attitudes, memories, and revisit intentions; the formation of good and abundant memories strengthens the attitude–loyalty relationship; self-identification with heritage theme strengthens revisit intentions. The findings are timely as global emergencies increase the appeal of short-haul tourism.
The Impact of Earnings Management Practices on the Market Value of Industrial Companies Listed on the Amman Stock Exchange: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Malahim Sari Sulaiman , Hamour Aiman Mahmoud Abu , Al-Zoubi Waleed Kalf , Hyasat Eyad Abdel Halym , Maharmah Mashhour Hathloul , Alali Shireen Mahmoud
Published: September 2022

Reported earnings and their prediction is one of the most important factors that are relied upon in determining the value of various investments, given that the higher the earnings, the greater the possibility of distributing profits, and accordingly, stock prices are determined in the financial markets. This study aims to examine the impact of earnings management on the firm value of Jordanian industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for 2015-2019. This study used discretionary accruals according to the modified Jones model to measure earnings management. Tobin’s Q as well is used as a proxy to firm value. Furthermore, this study used firm size, firm age, and leverage as control variables. In analyzing data, STATA is used. The results showed that earnings management has a negative but insignificant impact on firm value. On the other hand, leverage has a significant and negative effect on firm value. Firm age has a positive but insignificant effect on firm value. Firm size has a negative and significant effect on firm value.
Task cue influences on lexical decision performance and masked semantic priming effects: The role of cue-task compatibility
Authors: Berger Alexander , Kunde Wilfried , Kiefer Markus
Published: September 2022

Recent research demonstrated that mere presentation of a task cue influences subsequent unconscious semantic priming by attentional sensitization of related processing pathways. The direction of this influence depended on task-set dominance. Dominant task sets with a compatible cue-task mapping were supposed to be rapidly suppressed, while weak task sets showed more sustainable activation. Building on this research, we manipulated cue-task compatibility as instance of task-set dominance in two experiments and tested how masked semantic priming was influenced by actually performing the cued task (induction-task trials) or by mere cue presentation (task cue-only trials). In induction-task trials, the results of earlier research were replicated; semantic priming was larger following a semantic induction task compared to a perceptual induction task. In task cue-only trials, priming effects were reversed compared to induction-task trials in both experiments. Priming was larger for a perceptual compared to a semantic task set in task cue-only trials, indicating suppression of task sets following mere cue presentation in preparation for the upcoming lexical decision task. This notion of an inhibition of task sets after mere cue presentation was further supported by switching-related costs and changes of task-set implementation throughout the experiment. The absence of a moderator role of cue-task compatibility for task cue effects on priming in the present study suggests that the precise time course of task-set activation and inhibition in response to task cues as a function of cue-task compatibility might depend on specific experimental settings.
Improving reliability estimation in cognitive diagnosis modeling
Authors: Kreitchmann Rodrigo Schames , de la Torre Jimmy , Sorrel Miguel A. , Nájera Pablo , Abad Francisco J.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are used in educational, clinical, or personnel selection settings to classify respondents with respect to discrete attributes, identifying strengths and needs, and thus allowing to provide tailored training/treatment. As in any assessment, an accurate reliability estimation is crucial for valid score interpretations. In this sense, most CDM reliability indices are based on the posterior probabilities of the estimated attribute profiles. These posteriors are traditionally computed using point estimates for the model parameters as approximations to their populational values. If the uncertainty around these parameters is unaccounted for, the posteriors may be overly peaked, deriving into overestimated reliabilities. This article presents a multiple imputation (MI) procedure to integrate out the model parameters in the estimation of the posterior distributions, thus correcting the reliability estimation. A simulation study was conducted to compare the MI procedure with the traditional reliability estimation. Five factors were manipulated: the attribute structure, the CDM model (DINA and G-DINA), test length, sample size, and item quality. Additionally, an illustration using the Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English data was analyzed. The effect of sample size was studied by sampling subsets of subjects from the complete data. In both studies, the traditional reliability estimation systematically provided overestimated reliabilities, whereas the MI procedure offered more accurate results. Accordingly, practitioners in small educational or clinical settings should be aware that the reliability estimation using model parameter point estimates may be positively biased. R codes for the MI procedure are made available
Celebrating Clifford Geertz’ contributions to anthropology: A Tribute on his 15th Death Anniversary
Authors: Chhikara Riya
Published: September 2022

After the second world war in 1960s, there were two currents of thoughts to understand culture, symbolic and postcolonial. The symbolic school included Clifford Geertz (1926-2006), while the postcolonial school included scholars like Talal Asad and Edward Said. Both of these attempted to understand how colonialism shaped multiple societies. They also filled a vacuum in anthropology by raising questions on ‘inequality’ and ‘discrimination’ by the researcher. The data was biased to those who funded the research and critical questions were not usually asked. In this light, the discipline witnessed the birth of ‘Action Anthropology’. Postmodernists like Geertz and Bourdieu criticised the notion of a ‘researcher as a detached scientist’, and ‘objectivity’ which were emphasised in the Functional Anthropology (Durkheim). In this article, light is drawn to Geertz’ style of writing about cultures through ‘ethnographies of experiences.’ It is an affective turn that focuses on cultural pluralism and respecting differences. The article attempts to highlight on Geertz’ significant contributions in writings like ‘Religion in Java’ and ‘Interpretation of cultures.’
The 2nd:4th digit ratio and shooting skill performance in Basketball Players
Authors: CEYLAN Levent , KÜÇÜK Hamza , CEYLAN Tülay , ELİÖZ Murat
Published: September 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2d:4d digit ratio on shooting performance in basketball players. 30 male and 30 female basketball players who have been actively playing basketball for 3 years at the age of 15±04.1.69 participated in the study. Participants were asked to score 5 shots from the free throw line by scoring between 0 and 5 to determine their basketball shooting skill performance. To determine finger length, the second finger (2D) and fourth finger (4D) (Figure 3) were measured using a 0-150 mm (USA, Cocraft) Vernier digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm in millimeters (mm). In addition, the 20 Meter Shuttle Running Test was applied to measure the endurance of the participants. Independent sample T-Test and Pearson correlation test were used for statistical analysis. There was no significant difference in the participants' shot parameters, Shuttle Run Test and other 2D and 4D parameters (p>0.05). There was a negative correlation between the 20 Meter Shuttle Running Test and the left hand 2d:4d variables of the participants (p0.05). It was found that there was no effect between 2D: 4D and aerobic performance and shooting in adolescent male and female basketball players. This result may be due to the age, training level and heterogeneity of the sample group.
Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training With the Device on Respiratory Functions
Authors: AKTUĞ Zait Burak , KURT Songül , PİŞKİN Necdet Eray , YAVUZ Gönül , İBİŞ Serkan
Published: September 2022

qImprovements in lung functions and respiratory muscle strength can provide better physical performance and a healthy life. The functions of the respiratory system depend on the capacity of the inspiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle training can increase respiratory capacity by strengthening the inspiratory muscles. In the light of this information, researches on the inspiratory muscle training have increased in recently. In this study, it is aimed to examine the chronic effect of 4-week inspiratory muscle training with the device (IMT-D) on respiratory functions. Twenty volunteers between the ages of 20-40 participate in the study IMT-D is applied to the participants every day for 4 weeks, with 40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) values and 30 repetitions in the morning and the evening. The respiratory functions of the participants (FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC) is determined by spirometry at the beginning of the study, at the end of the 2nd week and at the end of the 4th week. In repeated measurements, Friedman Test is used to determine the differences between the measurements. As results, it is determined that IMT-D provided statistically significant improvement in all respiratory parameters, it is determined that the highest improvement in all parameters is in the last measurements (p
THE OPTIMAL PROPORTION OF STATE-OWNED SHARES IN AN INDUSTRY CHAIN
Authors: Kong Xiao , Sun Chaoqun , Liu Jiali , Chen Junlong
Published: September 2022

This study focuses on the mixed-ownership reform of state-owned enterprises in an industry chain. By constructing an oligopoly model considering the proportion of state-owned shares and product differentiation, this study examines the impacts of the balance of state-owned shares and product differentiation in four scenarios, and analyzes the proportion of state-owned shares to maximize the social welfare of the industry chain. The results reveal a synergistic relationship between the balance of state-owned shares and product differentiation. The equilibrium results vary in different industry chain links and competition modes. The implementation of mixed ownership by upstream enterprises will help improve the overall efficiency of the industry chain. Complete nationalization may be optimal and an upstream monopoly can be realized under certain conditions.
Multiwavelength Modeling the SED of Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Skopal Augustin
Published: September 2022

Classical supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) are understood as close binary systems in which a massive white dwarf accretes from its companion at rates sustaining steady hydrogen burning on its surface generating bolometric luminosities of 1036–2 × 1038 erg s−1. Here, we perform for the first time the global supersoft X-rays to near-infrared (NIR) spectral energy distribution (SED) for the brightest SSSs in the Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud. We test a model in which the ultraviolet–NIR is dominated by emission from a compact (unresolved) circumstellar nebula represented by the ionized gas outflowing from the SSS. The SED models correspond to luminosities of SSSs of a few times 1038–1039 erg s−1, radiating at blackbody temperatures of ≈3 × 105 K, and indicate a nebular continuum, whose emission measure of ≳2 × 1060 cm−3 corresponds to a wind mass loss at rates ≳2 × 10−6
M
⊙ yr−1. Such extreme parameters suggest that the brightest SSSs could be unidentified optical novae in a post-nova SSS state sustained at a high long-lasting luminosity by resumed accretion, possibly at super-Eddington rates. New observations and theoretical multiwavelength modeling of the global SED of SSSs are needed to reliably determine their parameters, and thus understand their proper stage in stellar evolution.
CLEAR: The Ionization and Chemical-enrichment Properties of Galaxies at 1.1 < z < 2.3
Authors: Papovich Casey , Simons Raymond C. , Estrada-Carpenter Vicente , Matharu Jasleen , Momcheva Ivelina , Trump Jonathan R. , Backhaus Bren E. , Brammer Gabriel , Cleri Nikko J. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Giavalisco Mauro , Ji Zhiyuan , Jung Intae , Kewley Lisa J. , Nicholls David C. , Pirzkal Norbert , Rafelski Marc , Weiner Benjamin
Published: September 2022

We use deep spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope Wide-Field-Camera 3 IR grisms combined with broadband photometry to study the stellar populations, gas ionization and chemical abundances in star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 1.1–2.3. The data stem from the CANDELS Lyα Emission At Reionization (CLEAR) survey. At these redshifts, the grism spectroscopy measure the [O II] λ
λ3727, 3729, [O III]λ
λ4959, 5008, and Hβ strong emission features, which constrain the ionization parameter and oxygen abundance of the nebular gas. We compare the line-flux measurements to predictions from updated photoionization models (MAPPINGS V; Kewley et al.), which include an updated treatment of nebular gas pressure,

log
P

/

k
=

n

e

T

e

. Compared to low-redshift samples (z ∼ 0.2) at fixed stellar mass,

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

=

9.4–9.8, the CLEAR galaxies at z = 1.35 (1.90) have lower gas-phase metallicity,

Δ
(
log
Z
)

= 0.25 (0.35) dex, and higher ionization parameters,

Δ
(
log
q
)

= 0.25 (0.35) dex, where U ≡ q/c. We provide updated analytic calibrations between the [O III], [O II], and Hβ emission-line ratios, metallicity, and ionization parameter. The CLEAR galaxies show that at fixed stellar mass, the gas ionization parameter is correlated with the galaxy specific star formation rates, where

Δ
log
q
≃
0.4
×
Δ
(
log

sSFR
)

, derived from changes in the strength of galaxy Hβ equivalent width. We interpret this as a consequence of higher gas densities, lower gas covering fractions, combined with a higher escape fraction of H-ionizing photons. We discuss both tests to confirm these assertions and implications this has for future observations of galaxies at higher redshifts.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: pyPipe3D Analysis Release for 10,000 Galaxies
Authors: Sánchez S. F. , Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Lacerda E. , Mejía-Narvaez A. , Camps-Fariña A. , Bruzual Gustavo , Espinosa-Ponce C. , Rodríguez-Puebla A. , Calette A. R. , Ibarra-Medel H. , Avila-Reese V. , Hernandez-Toledo H. , Bershady M. A. , Cano-Diaz M. , Munguia-Cordova A. M.
Published: September 2022

We present here the analysis performed using the pyPipe3D pipeline for the final MaNGA data set included in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 17. This data set comprises more than 10,000 individual data cubes, being the integral field spectroscopic (IFS) galaxy survey with the largest number of galaxies. pyPipe3D processes the IFS data cubes to extract spatially resolved spectroscopic properties of both the stellar population and the ionized gas emission lines. A brief summary of the properties of the sample and the characteristics of the analyzed data are included. The article provides details of: (i) the analysis performed; (ii) a description of the pipeline; (iii) the adopted stellar population library; (iv) the morphological and photometric analysis; (v) the adopted data model for the spatially resolved properties derived; and (vi) the individual integrated and characteristic galaxy properties included in the final catalog. Comparisons with the results from a previous version of the pipeline for earlier data releases and from other tools using this data set are included. A practical example of how to use the full data set and the final catalog illustrates how to handle the delivered product. Our full analysis can be accessed and downloaded from our web page.
Nil per os or Enteral Nutrition in Mild and Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Series
Authors: Kurti Floreta , Xinxo Sonela , Babameto Adriana , Vyshka Gentian
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: There are controversies regarding the treatment of mild-to-moderate pancreatitis, especially when comparing the efficacy of nil per os regime versus the nasogastric feeding. While some sources suggest the benefits of the nasogastric feeding, there are meager data available toward the impact of the selected treatment vis-à-vis the length of hospital stay, and as of the final outcome.

AIM: Authors collected data from two subgroups (treated with nil per os regime or nasogastric feeding, respectively) with the aim to define a safe and more efficacious regime.

METHODS: This case series collection was carried out in the University Hospital Center in Tirana (UHC) at the Service of Gastroenterology. The period of the study was January 1, 2018–December 31, 2019. The patients were divided into two subgroups (the control group had a nil per os regime and patients in the intervention group received a nasogastric feeding) according to approved inclusion and exclusion criteria.

RESULTS: Twenty subjects were allocated to the control group and 21 subjects were allocated to the intervention group. The length of hospital stay in the control group was 10.2 days compared with 8.4 days in the intervention group (p < 0.05). The days’ average spent with pain was 4.5 in the control group and 3.14 in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Oral feeding begun approximately 5.45 days since the admission in the control group and 3.14 days in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Oral food intolerance occurred in 6 patients (30%) in the control group and in one patient in the intervention group (4.8%) (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Nasogastric feeding seems to have significant benefits in the treatment of mild to moderate acute pancreatitis, when compared with the nil per os regime. Nasogastric feeding reduces length of stay in hospital and improves early the clinical outcomes.
Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Indications and Long-term Outcome of a Cohort Study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huy Hoang , Do Truong Thanh , Hoang Long , Do Ngoc Son , Van Tran Cam , Nguyen Duc Minh
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) has been suggested as the standard care for cancer patients in the T1-2 stage. However, whether this advanced technique is most indicated suitable for renal tumors higher than T3a and N1 is unclear, especially in different regions and countries, such as the difference between European and Asia.

METHODS: From 2013 to 2021, the data of pathologically diagnosed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients who received laparoscopic retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy was subjected to the present study.

RESULTS: Overall, all the registered Vietnamese patients were eligible for the study. The average operative time was 86.8 ± 21.2 min and the percentage number of patients in stages 1, 2, and 3 were 134 (70.2%), 30 (15.7%), and 27 (14.1%), respectively. Patients in the 3rd stage had a significantly longer operative time than stages 1–2 (p = 0.0001). No Lymph-node dissection (LND) was recorded in 10 patients (5.2%), limited LND in 163 patients (85.3%), regional LND in 13 patients (6.8%), extended LND (eLND) in 5 patients (2.6%). eLND showed only prolongation of operative time (p = 0.000), however, did not increase intraoperative complications as well as prolonged the duration of analgesia and hospital stay when compared with the other 2 groups (p = 0.82, 0.85, 0.91). Mean follow-up time: 42.3 ± 24.7 months. The 5-year recurrent free survival and 5-year overall survival of the stage 1, 2, 3 were: 98.3%, 100%, 87.8%, and 98.9%, 100%, and 91.3%, respectively. (p = 0.0011, p = 0.0082).

CONCLUSION: Retroperitoneal LRN could be an important technique in improving long-term oncological outcomes for Vietnamese patients, especially in the stage of T1-3N0-1M0 tumors. Radical retroperitoneal nephrectomy is safe and technically feasible as well as providing favorable long-term oncological outcomes for stage T1-2-3aN1M0 RCC.
Gastrointestinal Cancer and Vaccination Safety during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bagus Budhi Ida
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: During our past 18 months, we must be faced with the current COVID-19 pandemic era with much uncertainty in the continuation of multimodality treatment of the gastrointestinal cancer patients. Especially in this immunocompromised group with the history of previous chemotherapy treatment, these patients have an increased risk of COVID-19 transmission. Many studies have been reported about the current recommendation for gastrointestinal cancer patients during this pandemic, but there might be a lack of evidence about the safety of vaccination for the gastrointestinal cancer patients.

AIM: Since the vaccination has been approved by our government medical support, we would evaluate the safety of the COVID-19 vaccination program in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

METHODS: All gastrointestinal cancer patients who have been already diagnosed with cancer will be included in this study. The vaccine-related sign symptoms will be recorded and evaluated. The chemotherapy schedule was not been interrupted following the vaccination. The patient who refused to receive the second vaccination dose will be excluded from this study.

RESULTS: Thirty-two patients were included in this study (our past 6-month evaluation from February till August 2021), colorectal adenocarcinoma was the most common gastrointestinal cancer according to organ-specific (25 patients), the others were gastric adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Both of them already received two doses of COVID-19 vaccine during this period, we reported there was no side effect related to these and the chemotherapy cycle has not been interrupted during vaccination. All of the patients could be tolerated it well and did not refuse to continue the treatment.

CONCLUSION: There were no significant signs and symptoms of vaccine-related side effects on gastrointestinal cancer patients. COVID-19 vaccination during this pandemic and following the chemotherapy schedule on any kind of gastrointestinal cancer patients was safe and could be suggested as a routine protocol.