bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of self‐service technology in designing a service delivery system
Authors: Wang Jie , Ma Lijun , Xue Weili , Kuo Yong‐Hong
Published: June 2022

Self‐service technologies (SSTs) have been widely adopted in industries that require the delivery of physical products by services, in which consumers evaluate a product for both the product value and the service value. A typical service delivery system usually involves sales agents and/or self‐service technologies, for example, online services and kiosks, to serve consumers by a coproduction process. In other words, both the sales agent (or self‐service machine) and the consumer should exert effort, with corresponding service costs. By modeling the coproduction output with a Cobb–Douglas production function, we establish a principal–agent model to study the value of self‐service technologies in designing a service delivery system wherein the sales agent's service cost is private information. We first characterize the main trade‐off between the sales agent and the self‐service machine when the firm provides only one service channel. Then, we analyze the value of the self‐service machine when the firm can provide both service channels. We find that, interestingly, the firm may possibly provide both service channels, that is, services offered by the sales agent and the self‐service machine, when the level of information uncertainty is high, and the self‐service machine's service cost is intermediate. Moreover, when both service channels are offered, only the efficient sales agent will be contracted, and the inefficient sales agents are screened out of the market by the self‐service machine; that is, the self‐service machine can help the firm eliminate the information rent. We also investigate how the firm's service weight in the coproduction process and information uncertainty influence the consumer surplus, firm's choices, contract parameters, and resulting profits. Our results are shown to be robust when our model is extended to consider a single‐contract strategy, contracting on effort, a continuous sales agent type, and a general coproduction function.
Barack Obama and the Politics of Military Force, 2009–2012
Authors: Kenealy Andrew
Published: June 2022

How did domestic politics shape President Barack Obama's use of military force during his first term? This article expands and improves upon existing assessments by coupling insights from political science theory with novel evidence from original interviews with administration officials. It systematically analyzes Obama and his administration across three theoretically important dimensions: belief structure, the White House national security advisory apparatus, and decision making in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya. It finds that, along each dimension, President Obama appears to display high political sensitivity. Findings shed new light on how the administration understood and weighed domestic political considerations and translated these into security policy outcomes.
How do civil society organizations communicate in an authoritarian setting? A narrative analysis of the Russian waste management debate
Authors: Schlaufer Caroline , Pilkina Marina , Chalaya Tatiana , Khaynatskaya Tatiana , Voronova Tatiana , Pozhivotko Aleksandra
Published: June 2022

Civil society organizations (CSOs) aim to influence public policy. One way of influencing policy is through communication. In authoritarian contexts, CSOs face restrictions that make criticism of governmental actors less likely. However, to achieve change, CSOs need to highlight public problems that are often created by the inaction of governmental actors. This research examines the communicative strategies of CSOs involved in waste management in Russia. By drawing on the Narrative Policy Framework, it examines narratives used by CSOs on social media. Interviews with these CSO provide explanations of why CSOs select specific narrative strategies. We argue that the narrative strategies of CSOs are determined by their objectives of communication related to the activities they are involved in but are also influenced by their working relationship with the government. Results show that CSOs that are involved in educational activities and service provision mostly pursue an angel‐shift‐strategy, highlighting policy solutions. Only larger CSOs communicate critically and continue to attempt working with governmental actors to influence policy through awareness‐raising and policy advocacy.
Description of two novel HLA alleles: HLA‐C*01:02:73 and HLA‐C*01:02:75
Authors: Tao Sudan , Wang Jielin , Wang Fang , He Ji , Zhu Faming
Published: June 2022

Compared with HLA‐C*01:02:01:01, the alleles HLA‐C*01:02:73 and HLA‐C*01:02:75 each show one single nucleotide substitution respectively.
Evaluation of conjunctival graft procedures and factors that lead to graft complications in canine cases
Authors: Osinchuk Stephanie C. , Levitt Shayna , Sandmeyer Lynne Sheila , Parker Sarah E.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To describe the complications of conjunctival graft surgery occurring in cases at a referral ophthalmic service and evaluate factors that lead to occurrence of complications in canine cases.

Methods

A retrospective case–control study was completed using data from the Veterinary Medical Center at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, Canada, between May 2015 and March 2020. Case records from dogs that underwent conjunctival pedicle graft surgery and subsequently either did or did not develop a conjunctival graft complication were reviewed.

Results

One hundred and six dogs undergoing conjunctival graft surgeries were identified. Sixteen conjunctival graft complications occurred, of which, eight led to negative outcomes. Univariable analysis comparing canine eyes that developed complications to control eyes revealed potential (p ≤ .05) differences between the groups in post‐operative fluoroquinolone use,Streptococcus canisisolation, intraoperative intravenous cefazolin use, corneal stromal white cell infiltrate, and mean ulcer diameter. The use of intraoperative cefazolin could not be effectively evaluated with available data; however, no dogs (n = 22) receiving intraoperative cefazolin developed complications. Multivariable analysis revealed that dogs that were treated with a second‐generation fluoroquinolone and that hadS. canisisolated had higher odds of experiencing complications than dogs that were not treated with a second‐generation fluoroquinolone and that wereS. canisnegative (Odds ratio = 64.7 [95% CI 6.3–669],p < .0001).

Conclusions

Streptococcusspecies played a role in conjunctival graft complications in our study. Empiric selection of second‐generation fluoroquinolone monotherapy may need reconsideration given the frequent isolation ofStreptococcusspp. from canine ulcers. The use of intraoperative cefazolin may be associated with a lower complication rate.
A Robust Time-Varying Riccati-Based Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Azimi Vahid , Farzan Siavash , Hutchinson Seth
Published: June 2022

Riccati equation-based control approaches such as linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) and time-varying LQR (TVLQR) are among the most common methods for stabilizing linear and nonlinear systems, especially in the context of optimal control. However, model inaccuracies may degrade the performance of closed-loop systems under such controllers. To mitigate this issue, this paper extends and encompasses Riccati-equation based controllers through the development of a robust stabilizing control methodology for uncertain nonlinear systems with modeling errors. We begin by linearizing the nonlinear system around a nominal trajectory to obtain a time-varying linear system with uncertainty in the system matrix. We propose a modified version of the continuous differential Riccati equation (MCDRE), whose solution is updated based upon the estimates of model uncertainty. An optimal least squares (OLS) algorithm is presented to identify this uncertainty and inform the MCDRE to update the control gains. The unification of MCDRE and OLS yields a robust time-varying Riccati-based (RTVR) controller that stabilizes uncertain nonlinear systems without the knowledge of the structure of the system's uncertainty a priori. The convergence of the system states is formally proven using a Lyapunov argument. Simulations and comparisons to the baseline backward-in-time Riccati-based controller on two real-world examples verify the benefits of our proposed control method.
Carpenter Bees (
Xylocopa
) Harbor a Distinctive Gut Microbiome Related to That of Honey Bees and Bumble Bees
Authors: Holley Jo-anne C. , Jackson Mary N. , Pham Anna T. , Hatcher Sarah C. , Moran Nancy A.
Published: June 2022

Gut microbiomes from social bees, such as honey bees and bumble bees, are conserved and consist of host-restricted bacteria that are transmitted among sterile female workers within a colony and that are important to the health of these key insect pollinators. In contrast, solitary bee species typically have more erratic, environmentally acquired microbiomes.
Mutational Analysis of
Vibrio fischeri
c-di-GMP-Modulating Genes Reveals Complex Regulation of Motility
Authors: Shrestha Prerana , Razvi Ali , Fung Brittany L. , Eichinger Steven J. , Visick Karen L.
Published: June 2022

Critical bacterial processes, including motility, are influenced by c-di-GMP, which is controlled by environment-responsive synthetic and degradative enzymes. Because bacteria such as
Vibrio fischeri
use motility to colonize their hosts, understanding the roles of c-di-GMP-modulating enzymes in controlling motility has the potential to inform on microbe-host interactions.
Performance of the Cepheid Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/S. aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infection PCR Assay on Respiratory Samples from Mechanically Ventilated Patients for S. aureus Screening during the Phase 2 Double-Blind SAATELLITE Study
Authors: Ruzin Alexey , Barraud Olivier , Yu Li , François Bruno , Sánchez-Garcia Miguel , Eggimann Philippe , Dequin Pierre-François , Laterre Pierre-François , Huberlant Vincent , Viña Lucia , Boulain Thierry , Bretonniere Cedric , Pugin Jérôme , Trenado José , Hernandez Padilla Ana Catalina , Vignaud Julie , Vandamme Drieke , Goossens Herman , Lammens Christine , Ali S. Omar , Shoemaker Kathryn , Ren Pin , Colbert Susan , Bellamy Terramika , Sellman Bret R. , McCarthy Michael , Jafri Hasan S. , Esser Mark T.
Published: June 2022

We investigated the performance of the Xpert methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA)/
S. aureus
skin and soft tissue (SSTI) quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay in SAATELLITE, a multicenter, double-blind, phase 2 study of suvratoxumab, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) targeting
S. aureus
alpha-toxin, for reducing the incidence of
S. aureus
pneumonia.
Mutations in the 3'-PPT Lead to HIV-1 Replication without Integration
Authors: Richetta Clémence , Subra Frédéric , Malet Isabelle , Leh Hervé , Charpentier Charlotte , Corona Angela , Collin Gilles , Descamps Diane , Deprez Eric , Parissi Vincent , Calvez Vincent , Tramontano Enzo , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Delelis Olivier
Published: June 2022

Our work highlights the role of HIV-1 unintegrated viral DNA in viral replication. A virus, resistant to strand-transfer inhibitors, has been selected
in vitro
. This virus highlights a mutation in the 3'PPT region and not in the integrase gene. This mutation modifies the reverse transcription step leading to the accumulation of 1-LTR circles and not the linear DNA. This accumulation of 1-LTR circles leads to viral replication without integration of the viral genome.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of the Polar Cyanobacterium
Leptolyngbya
sp. Strain Cla-17 and Its Associated Flavobacterium
Authors: Péquin Bérangère , Tremblay Julien , Maynard Christine , Wasserscheid Jessica , Greer Charles W.
Published: June 2022

Draft whole-genome sequences of a coculture are presented. One component was a polar cyanobacterium,
Leptolyngbya
sp. strain Cla-17. The second was a heterotrophic bacterium,
Flavobacterium saccharophilum
, found in the phycosphere of the cyanobacterium.
Detection of Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Gene, and Drug Resistance Gene of
Staphylococcus aureus
Isolates from Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Chen Yun , Li Xinpu , Wang Xurong , Li Hongsheng
Published: June 2022

Bovine mastitis is a serious disease associated with both high incidence and economic loss, posing a major challenge to the dairy industry worldwide.
Staphylococcus aureus
is one of the most common pathogens to cause bovine mastitis, and antimicrobial therapy plays an important role in mastitis control caused by
S. aureus
but has become less effective due to widespread drug resistance. The purpose of this study was to detect antibiotic resistance, drug resistance gene, and virulence gene of
S. aureus
strains, which would be helpful to mastitis control.
Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics Exacerbate Staphylococcal Infection by Inducing Bacterial Virulence
Authors: Gao Peng , Wei Yuanxin , Wan Rachel Evelyn , Wong Ka Wing , Iu Ho Ting Venice , Tai Sherlock Shing Chiu , Li Yongli , Yam Hin Cheung Bill , Halebeedu Prakash Pradeep , Chen Jonathan Hon Kwan , Ho Pak Leung , Yuen Kwok Yung , Davies Julian , Kao Richard Yi Tsun
Published: June 2022

Antibiotics are widely applied to treat infectious diseases. Empirically treatment with incorrect antibiotics, or even correct antibiotics always falls into subinhibitory concentrations, due to dosing, distribution, or secretion.
Clonal and Horizontal Transmission of
bla
NDM
among Klebsiella pneumoniae in Children’s Intensive Care Units
Authors: Fu Bo , Yin Dandan , Sun Chengtao , Shen Yingbo , Liu Dejun , Bai Rina , Zhang Rong , Shen Jianzhong , Hu Fupin , Wang Yang
Published: June 2022

The
bla
NDM
gene is playing an increasingly important role in infections caused by CR-KP, especially in children. However, systematic detection and bioinformatics analysis of NDM-KP in children's hospitals are lacking in China.
Microdomain Protein Nce102 Is a Local Sensor of Plasma Membrane Sphingolipid Balance
Authors: Zahumenský Jakub , Mota Fernandes Caroline , Veselá Petra , Del Poeta Maurizio , Konopka James B. , Malínský Jan
Published: June 2022

Microorganisms are challenged constantly by their rapidly changing environment. To survive, they have developed diverse mechanisms to quickly perceive stressful situations and adapt to them appropriately.
Changes in the Genotypic Characteristics of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Collected in 244 Medical Facilities in Japan between 2010 and 2018: a Nationwide Surveillance
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Nakamura Itaru , Sato Takahiro , Ono Daisuke , Sato Ayami , Sonoda Shiro , Aoki Kotaro , Miura Yuri , Koyama Shinobu , Tamai Kiyoko , Matsumoto Tetsuya , Hisatsune Junzo , Sugai Motoyuki , Ishii Yoshikazu , Tateda Kazuhiro
Published: June 2022

Community-associated MRSA, which is a multidrug-resistant organism and can cause infections in otherwise-healthy individuals, has become a global problem. This paper describes a nationwide surveillance conducted in Japan to investigate changes in molecular epidemiological characteristics of CA-MRSA over the past decade and provides a detailed review of the characteristics of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-positive strains isolated in 2018.
Asymptomatic benzocaine spray–induced methaemoglobinaemia in preoperative sedation for oesophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: Jarrah Abdullah , Al Sbihi Ali , Manasrah Nouraldeen , Alqasem Sarah
Published: June 2022

Methaemoglobinaemia is defined as elevated methaemoglobin in the blood which is characterised by conversion of some of the reduced ferrous iron elements [Fe2+] to the oxidised ferric [Fe3+] form which does not have capacity to bind and transport oxygen resulting in functional anaemia. Causes can be genetic mutations or acquired by medications such as dapsone, nitrates or benzocaine. Benzocaine is currently being used as a topical anaesthetic agent before certain procedures. We report a case of benzocaine spray–induced methaemoglobinaemia in a patient who underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy for evaluation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Theory and practice of Bayesian and frequentist frameworks for network meta-analysis
Authors: Sadeghirad Behnam , Foroutan Farid , Zoratti Michael J , Busse Jason W , Brignardello-Petersen Romina , Guyatt Gordon , Thabane Lehana
Published: June 2022

Network meta-analysis (NMA) is an increasingly popular statistical method of synthesising evidence to assess the comparative benefits and harms of multiple treatments in a single analysis. Several automated software packages facilitate conducting NMA using either of two alternative approaches, Bayesian or frequentist frameworks. Researchers must choose a framework for conducting NMA (Bayesian or frequentist) and select appropriate model(s), and those conducting NMA need to understand the assumptions and limitations of different approaches. Bayesian models are more frequently used and can be more flexible but require checking additional assumptions and greater statistical expertise that are often ignored. The present paper describes the important theoretical aspects of Bayesian and frequentist models for NMA and the applications and considerations of contrast-synthesis and arm-synthesis NMAs. In addition, we present evidence from a limited number of simulation and empirical studies that compared different frequentist and Bayesian models and provide an overview of available automated software packages to perform NMA. We will conclude that when analysts choose appropriate models, there are seldom important differences in the results of Bayesian and frequentist approaches and that network meta-analysts should therefore focus on model features rather than the statistical framework.
Verification of Programs Sensitive to Heap Layout
Authors: Lauko Henrich , Korenčik Lukáš , Ročkai Petr
Published: June 2022

Most
C
and
C++
programs use dynamically allocated memory (often known as a heap) to store and organize their data. In practice, it can be useful to compare addresses of different heap objects, for instance, to store them in a binary search tree or a sorted array. However, comparisons of pointers to distinct objects are inherently ambiguous: The address order of two objects can be reversed in different executions of the same program, due to the nature of the allocation algorithm and other external factors.

This poses a significant challenge to program verification, since a sound verifier must consider all possible behaviors of a program, including an arbitrary reordering of the heap. A naive verification of all possibilities, of course, leads to a combinatorial explosion of the state space: For this reason, we propose an under-approximating abstract domain that can be soundly refined to consider all relevant heap orderings.

We have implemented the proposed abstract domain and evaluated it against several existing software verification tools on a collection of pointer-manipulating programs. In many cases, existing tools only consider a single fixed heap order, which is a source of unsoundness. We demonstrate that using our abstract domain, this unsoundness can be repaired at only a very modest performance cost. Additionally, we show that, even though many verifiers ignore it, ambiguous behavior is present in a considerable fraction of programs from software verification competition (
sv-comp
).
How Microtubules Build the Spindle Branch by Branch
Authors: Travis Sophie M. , Mahon Brian P. , Petry Sabine
Published: June 2022

The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton provides the architecture that governs intracellular organization and the regulated motion of macromolecules through the crowded cytoplasm. The key to establishing a functioning cytoskeletal architecture is regulating when and where new MTs are nucleated. Within the spindle, the vast majority of MTs are generated through a pathway known as branching MT nucleation, which exponentially amplifies MT number in a polar manner. Whereas other MT nucleation pathways generally require a complex organelle such as the centrosome or Golgi apparatus to localize nucleation factors, the branching site is based solely on a simple, preformed MT, making it an ideal system to study MT nucleation. In this review, we address recent developments in characterizing branching factors, the branching reaction, and its regulation, as well as branching MT nucleation in systems beyond the spindle and within human disease.
Inwardly rectifying K+ channels 4.1 and 5.1 (Kir4.1/Kir5.1) in the renal distal nephron
Authors: Wang Wen-Hui , Lin Dao-Hong
Published: June 2022

The inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir) 4.1 (encoded by KCNJ10) interacts with Kir5.1 (encoded by KCNJ16) to form a major basolateral K+ channel in the renal distal convoluted tubule (DCT), connecting tubule (CNT), and the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Kir4.1/Kir5.1 heterotetramer plays an important role in regulating Na+ and K+ transport in the DCT, CNT, and CCD. A recent development in the field has firmly established the role of Kir4.1/Kir5.1 heterotetramer of the DCT in the regulation of thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC). Changes in Kir4.1/Kir5.1 activity of the DCT are an essential step for the regulation of NCC expression/activity induced by dietary K+ and Na+ intakes and play a role in modulating NCC by type 2 angiotensin II receptor (AT2R), bradykinin type II receptor (BK2R), and β-adrenergic receptor. Since NCC activity determines the Na+ delivery rate to the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN), a distal nephron segment from late DCT to CCD, Kir4.1/Kir5.1 activity plays a critical role not only in the regulation of renal Na+ absorption but also in modulating renal K+ excretion and maintaining K+ homeostasis. Thus, Kir4.1/Kir5.1 activity serves as an important component of renal K+ sensing mechanism. The main focus of this review is to provide an overview regarding the role of Kir4.1 and Kir5.1 of the DCT and CCD in the regulation of renal K+ excretion and Na+ absorption.
Role of proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors in pathophysiology
Authors: Imenez Silva Pedro H. , Camara Niels Olsen , Wagner Carsten A.
Published: June 2022

Local acidification is a common feature of many disease processes such as inflammation, infarction, or solid tumor growth. Acidic pH is not merely a sequela of disease but contributes to recruitment and regulation of immune cells, modifies metabolism of parenchymal, immune and tumor cells, modulates fibrosis, vascular permeability, oxygen availability, and consumption, invasiveness of tumor cells, and impacts on cell survival. Thus, multiple pH-sensing mechanisms must exist in cells involved in these processes. These pH sensors play important roles in normal physiology and pathophysiology, and hence might be attractive targets for pharmacological interventions. Among the pH-sensing mechanisms, OGR1 ( GPR68), GPR4 ( GPR4), and TDAG8 ( GPR65) have emerged as important molecules. These G protein-coupled receptors are widely expressed, upregulated in inflammation and tumors, sense changes in extracellular pH in the range between pH 8 and 6, and are involved in modulating key processes in inflammation, tumor biology, and fibrosis. This review discusses key features of these receptors and highlights important disease states and pathways affected by their activity.
Neurohormonal connections with mitochondria in cardiomyopathy and other diseases
Authors: Dorn Gerald W.
Published: June 2022

Neurohormonal signaling and mitochondrial dynamism are seemingly distinct processes that are almost ubiquitous among multicellular organisms. Both of these processes are regulated by GTPases, and disturbances in either can provoke disease. Here, inconspicuous pathophysiological connectivity between neurohormonal signaling and mitochondrial dynamism is reviewed in the context of cardiac and neurological syndromes. For both processes, greater understanding of basic mechanisms has evoked a reversal of conventional pathophysiological concepts. Thus, neurohormonal systems induced in, and previously thought to be critical for, cardiac functioning in heart failure are now pharmaceutically interrupted as modern standard of care. And, mitochondrial abnormalities in neuropathies that were originally attributed to an imbalance between mitochondrial fusion and fission are increasingly recognized as an interruption of axonal mitochondrial transport. The data are presented in a historical context to provide insight into how scientific thought has evolved and to foster an appreciation for how seemingly different areas of investigation can converge. Finally, some theoretical notions are presented to explain how different molecular and functional defects can evoke tissue-specific disease.
The European and Japanese eel NaCl cotransporters β exhibit chloride currents and are resistant to thiazide type diuretics
Authors: Moreno Erika , Plata Consuelo , Vázquez Norma , Oropeza-Viveros Dulce María , Pacheco-Alvarez Diana , Rojas-Vega Lorena , Olin-Sandoval Viridiana , Gamba Gerardo
Published: June 2022

The thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl− cotransporter (NCC) is the major pathway for salt reabsorption in the mammalian distal convoluted tubule, and the inhibition of its function with thiazides is widely used for the treatment of arterial hypertension. In mammals and teleosts, NCC is present as one ortholog that is mainly expressed in the kidney. One exception, however, is the eel, which has two genes encoding NCC. The eNCCα is located in the kidney and eNCCβ, which is present in the apical membrane of the rectum. Interestingly, the European eNCCβ functions as a Na+-Cl− cotransporter that is nevertheless resistant to thiazides and is not activated by low-chloride hypotonic stress. However, in the Japanese eel rectal sac, a thiazide-sensitive NaCl transport mechanism has been described. The protein sequences between eNCCβ and jNCCβ are 98% identical. Here, by site-directed mutagenesis, we transformed eNCCβ into jNCCβ. Our data showed that jNCCβ, similar to eNCCβ, is resistant to thiazides. In addition, both NCCβ proteins have high transport capacity with respect to their renal NCC orthologs and, in contrast to known NCCs, exhibit electrogenic properties that are reduced when residue I172 is substituted by A, G, or M. This is considered a key residue for the chloride ion-binding sites of NKCC and KCC. We conclude that NCCβ proteins are not sensitive to thiazides and have electrogenic properties dependent on Cl−, and site I172 is important for the function of NCCβ.
Evaluation of the Design of “Shape” and “Meaning” of Book Binding from the Perspective of Deep Learning
Authors: Wu Xiujuan , Cai Zhiduan
Published: June 2022

Book binding is the procedure of manually accumulating a book in codex format from a well-ordered pile of paper sheets, which are folded together into sections or occasionally left as a stack of individual sheets. The books undergo binding into different shapes and sizes. Numerous kinds of book bindings are available, each of which comes with its own merits and demerits. Some of them are highly durable, some of them are light-weight, and some of them are attractive. Therefore, it is needed to effectively identify and classify the shape and type of book bindings. With this motivation, this paper develops a butterfly optimization algorithm with a deep learning-enabled book binding classification (BOADL-BBC) model. The major intention of the BOADL-BBC technique is to identify and categorise three different types of book bindings from the input images, namely, hard binding, soft binding, and long-stitch binding. The proposed BOADL-BBC technique initially employs a DL-based Inception v3 model to derive useful feature vectors from the images. For effective classification of book bindings, the BOA with wavelet kernel extreme learning machine (WKELM) model can be applied. The weight and bias values involved in the WKELM model can be effectively adjusted by the use of BOA for book binding classification shows the novelty of the work. To ensure the enhanced performance of the BOADL-BBC technique, a series of simulations were carried out using a set of images that people collected on their own. The experimental results stated that the BOADL-BBC technique has obtained a maximum book binding classification accuracy of 95.56%.
Service Sharing Decisions between Channels considering Bidirectional Free Riding Based on a Dual-Equilibrium Linkage Algorithm
Authors: Zheng Jing , Xu Qi
Published: June 2022

To solve the interchannel service-sharing decision problem, this paper constructs a dual-equilibrium linkage model between the static Stackelberg game and dynamic evolutionary game, considers the influence of bidirectional free riding and the proportion of service sharing the cost, and also studies the short-term equilibrium strategy and long-term stability strategy of the band owners and franchisees. The study indicates that, under the static Stackelberg model, as the cost of service sharing gradually decreases, the equilibrium strategy changes from the lose-lose situation of prisoner’s dilemma to the Pareto Optimum of service sharing cooperation between the two parties. Under the dynamic evolutionary game, the offline free riding coefficient decreases, the cost-sharing ratio of the service sharing band increases, and the online free riding coefficient is still within the interval, and the stability result will change from the complete service competition to service sharing cooperation between channels.
The Application of 3D Printing Technology in Furniture Design
Authors: Yang Shuguang , Du Peng
Published: June 2022

With the gradual deepening of the combination of 3D printing technology and the furniture manufacturing industry, the production of 3D printed furniture has begun to transition from experimental single furniture production to small batch furniture production, which will profoundly affect the manufacturing mode change of the furniture manufacturing industry in the future. This paper conducts a detailed study on the complex molding links, product development links, parts production links, and product body forming links of 3D printing technology in the furniture manufacturing industry. The design and printing process can provide practical reference for the manufacture of furniture products.
Pharmacological Activities of Safflower Yellow and Its Clinical Applications
Authors: Chen Yan , Li Meifeng , Wen Jiayu , Pan Xiaoqi , Deng Zixin , Chen Junren , Chen Guanru , Yu Lei , Tang Yunli , Li Gangmin , Xie Xiaofang , Peng Cheng
Published: June 2022

Background. Safflower is an annual herb used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It consists of the dried flowers of the Compositae plant safflower. It is found in the central inland areas of Asia and is widely cultivated throughout the country. Its resistance to cold weather and droughts and its tolerance and adaptability to salts and alkalis are strong. Safflower has the effect of activating blood circulation, dispersing blood stasis, and relieving pain. A natural pigment named safflower yellow (SY) can be extracted from safflower petals. Chemically, SY is a water-soluble flavonoid and the main active ingredient of safflower. The main chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications of SY are reviewed in this paper, thereby providing a reference for the use of safflower in preventing and treating human diseases. Methods. The literature published in recent years was reviewed, and the main chemical components of SY were identified based on chemical formula and structure. The pharmacological properties of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), SYA, SYB, and anhydrosafflor yellow B (AHSYB) were reviewed. Results. The main chemical constituents of SY included HSYA, SYA, SYB, and AHSYB. These ingredients have a wide range of pharmacological activities. SY has protective effects on the heart, kidneys, liver, nerves, lungs, and brain. Moreover, its effects include, but are not limited to, improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, abirritation, regulating lipids, and treating cancer and diabetic complications. HSYA is widely recognised as an effective ingredient to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion. SY has a wide range of pharmacological activities, among which improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the most significant.
Personalized Recommendation Algorithm for Interactive Medical Image Using Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Feng , Guo Weiwei
Published: June 2022

Personalized interactive image recommendation has several issues, such as being slow or having poor recommendation quality. Therefore, we propose an image personalized recommendation algorithm (IPRA) using deep learning to improve the time and quality of personalized interactive image recommendations. First, the feature subimage is obtained and converted into a one-dimensional vector using the convolution neural network model. Single input and single output functional and dual input and single output generalized functional network model are integrated into the model to improve the learning ability of nonlinear mapping and avoid overfitting during the training process; second, a one-dimensional vector is clustered using the fuzzy k-means approach and then translated into hyperbolic space; Finally, the Poincare map model is used to map the updated vector, the transformed vector is mapped using the PM model, and the image information is fed back to the two-dimensional plane, and the image recommendation set is formed based on the ranking of similarity, and the visual recommendation is presented to the user. The results show that the size of the convolution kernel is 2 × 2, and the image one-dimensional vector clustering can be better completed. The optimal value of F1 is 0.92, and the optimal value of average time is 11 s. The image recommendation quality is better, and the image recommendation can be formed according to the photographic similarity, which has good application value.
Privacy Protection Algorithm Model of We-Media Network from the Perspective of Big Data
Authors: Hu Yue
Published: June 2022

In recent years, with the in-depth research on the privacy protection methods of We-media network, various types of big data analysis technologies gradually protect the network privacy data, but there are still problems of low intelligence and poor protection in the existing research. Based on this, this paper first uses big data technology and artificial intelligence deep learning algorithm to complete the construction of different types of self-media control databases. Then, it analyzes the common privacy data types of We-media network, constructs an optimization protection model based on secondary identification and verification strategy, and forms a data query system. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted to verify whether the constructed network privacy protection model can realize the intelligent protection of network privacy algorithms from different dimensions. In the process of privacy protection of experimental data at different stages, the internal correlation differences of different types of protection algorithm strategies are obvious in the multidimensional analysis of specific databases. For different types of factor data in different types of We-media networks, the protection rate of the We-media network privacy protection model designed in this study has reached more than 95%. The research results show that the self-media network privacy protection model based on big data and artificial intelligence deep learning technology can realize protection from the aspects of gateway verification and data encryption and has high accuracy and reliability.
Exploring the Emotional Factors in College English Classroom Teaching Based on Computer-Aided Model
Authors: Fu Fen
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the effect of emotional factor analysis in college English classroom teaching, this paper analyzes the emotional factors of college English classroom teaching combined with computer technology and proposes an attribute-level emotional analysis method based on lifelong learning. Moreover, while solving the sparseness of short texts, this paper integrates the three tasks of topic recognition, emotional tendency judgment, and separation of general emotional words and attributes emotional words under the same model framework. In addition, this paper combines lifelong learning to improve the coherence and correctness of topic mining. Finally, this paper improves the teaching process by analyzing students’ emotional intelligence. The data analysis verifies that the computer-aided model based on the emotional factor analysis model of college English classroom teaching has a good effect in the analysis of emotional factors in English classroom teaching and the improvement of classroom teaching effect.
Visual Cryptography Using Computation-Free Bit-Plane Reconstruction
Authors: Liu Ya-Li , Liu Tao , Yan Bin , Pan Jeng-Shyang , Yang Hong-Mei
Published: June 2022

Visual cryptography (VC) using bit-plane decomposition improves the quality of the reconstructed image. The disadvantage of this scheme is that the decoder needs computation in order to reconstruct the secret image from its bit-planes. To solve this problem, we propose a no-computation bit-plane decomposition visual cryptography (NC-BPDVC). In NC-BPDVC, we convert the grayscale secret image into a multitone image by multilevel halftoning. Then, by exploring the difference between a digital pixel and a printed dot, we design different dot patterns to render a digital pixel. By doing so, we abandon the usual assumption that DPI (dots per inch) equals PPI (pixels per inch) during printing. By adopting the more realistic assumption that DPI can be larger than PPI as is supported by most printers, we use different patterns to render different tone levels. These patterns are carefully designed so that no computation is needed when one needs to reconstruct the multitone image from its bit-planes. Our algorithm is tested on a batch of twenty standard grayscale images. The experimental results confirm the correctness and advantages of the proposed scheme. Compared with the ordinary bit-plane decomposition VC, NC-BPDVC does not need computation. The security of the proposed algorithm is also analyzed and verified.
An Analysis of the Driving Factors of the Desertification in the Desert-Oasis Transition Zone Utilizing the Perspective of the Marx’s Concept of Nature: A Case Study of the Ulan Buh Desert
Authors: Xie Yuan , Zhao Xiaodi , Zhou Huoyan
Published: June 2022

The Ulan Buh Desert is in an arid and semiarid area in China, which features an exceedingly vulnerable ecological environment and has severe desertification. Based on Marx’s explanations for the human-nature relationship, this research applies the remote sensing data and meteorological and socioeconomic data from 2006 to 2018 to conduct a quantitative analysis of the desertification driving factors in the Ulan Buh Desert by adopting the method called multivariate random forest regressor. The findings of the research suggested that the average model employing a random forest algorithm is found to be 84.20%. The desertification in the Ulan Buh Desert showed a declining trend from 2006 to 2018, and the reversed desertification areas mainly are expanded into the hinterlands of the Ulan Buh Desert and along the Yellow River. While the main driving factor of desertification was found to be related to human activities, which were undertaken based on natural factors, the regional desertification was mainly attributed to human economic activities, population density, and altitude. Thus, lessening the excessive impact of human activities on the desert ecosystem would be crucial to protecting the local desert resources and increasing the ecological capacity of the desert ecological capacity. As a consequence, to reduce pressure on land, expand environment capacity, protect vegetation cover in the region, and lower the probability of triggering desertification, the interaction between human beings and nature should be carefully managed and observed.
Ultrasonic Testing of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Wang Bocheng , He Pengju , Kang Yingnan , Jia Jiabin , Liu Xin , Li Nan
Published: June 2022

Composite materials have been extensively used in different fields due to their excellent properties, among which carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is the representative. Especially in high-precision fields, such as aerospace, CFRP has become the main structural material for some core components instead of metal. The particularity of such materials and their components in terms of structure, material properties, and required detection conditions puts forward more stringent and targeted detection requirements for detection technology. Ultrasonic testing technology as one of the important means of composite defect detection, which is derived from advanced nondestructive testing (NDT), has also been a rapid development. The propagation behavior and variation of ultrasonic waves in CFRP composites can reveal defects and damages in CFRP composites. Moreover, by constructing reasonable defect identification technology and detection technology, not only the qualitative and quantitative positioning analysis of defects and damages in CFRP composites can be realized but also the automatic, visual and intelligent NDT, and evaluation of CFRP composites can be realized. This paper mainly reviews the innovative nondestructive ultrasonic testing technology for CFRP composites and briefly introduces the research progress and application of this technology in CFRP defect detection. Finally, advanced nondestructive ultrasonic testing technology is summarized, and the problems and development direction of this kind of testing technology are put forward.
Existence and Uniqueness of Periodic and Solitary Waves for a Perturbed Generalized KdV Equation
Authors: Ouyang Zhengyong , Huang Weihua , Wei Minzhi
Published: June 2022

This paper establishes the existence and uniqueness of periodic and solitary waves for a perturbed generalized KdV equation. We prove that the periodic wave persists when the wave speed is in a certain interval, and the wavelength of the periodic wave is an increasing function. Furthermore, under the condition of the unique periodic wave exists, the interval of wave speed c becomes smaller as the power n increases.
Novel Insights into the Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Development of a Predicting Model
Authors: Xu Yanan , Ye Zongwei , Wang Benfang , Tang Long , Sun Jun , Chen Xuedong , Yang Yi , Wang Jun
Published: June 2022

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS); however, a predictive model of OSAS in patients with CCS remains rarely reported. The study aimed to construct a novel nomogram scoring system to predict OSAS comorbidity in patients with CCS. Methods. Consecutive CCS patients scheduled for sleep monitoring at our hospital from January 2019 to September 2020 were enrolled in the current study. Coronary CT angiography or coronary angiography was used for the diagnosis of CCS, and clinical characteristics of the patients were collected. Significant predictors for OSAS in patients with moderate/severe CCS were estimated via logistic regression analysis, and a clinical nomogram was constructed. A calibration plot, examining discrimination (Harrell’s concordance index) and decision curve analysis (DCA), was applied to validate the nomogram’s predictive performance. Internal validity of the predictive model was assessed using bootstrapping (1000 replications). Results. The nomograms were constructed based on available clinical variables from 527 patients which were significantly associated with moderate/severe OSAS in patients with CCS, including body mass index, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and routine laboratory indices such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The C-index (0.793) and AUC (0.771, 95% CI: 0.731–0.811) demonstrated a favorable discriminative ability of the nomogram. Moreover, calibration plots revealed consistency between moderate/severe OSAS predicted by the nomogram and validated by the results of sleep monitoring. Clinically, DCA showed that the nomogram had good discriminative ability to predict moderate/severe OSAS in patients with CCS. Conclusions. The risk nomogram constructed via the routinely available clinical variables in patients with CCS showed satisfying discriminative ability to predict comorbid moderate/severe OSAS, which may be useful for identification of high-risk patients with OSAS in patients with CCS.
A GRU-Based Lightweight System for CAN Intrusion Detection in Real Time
Authors: Ma Haoyu , Cao Jianqiu , Mi Bo , Huang Darong , Liu Yang , Li Shaoqian
Published: June 2022

With the rapid development of vehicular networking and intelligence, more interfaces are adopted by cars to interact with the external world. Accordingly, this also brings enormous security risks, which are potentially catastrophic due to communication loopholes. Since the Controller Area Network (CAN) is critical to the transmission of commands among vehicular components, it has become a prime target for hacker research and attack. Considering that the CAN bus is commonly used and its protocol is always flawed, how to efficiently detect the intrusions against it has become an evitable problem. In this paper, we presented an intrusion detection system that can be rapidly deployed inside the vehicle. Aiming at achieving the goal of real-time detection, we devised a feature extraction algorithm with low complexity and thoroughly exploited its advantages via a GRU-based lightweight neural network. The experiment was physically conducted on in-vehicle embedded devices using publicly available datasets. Experiment results illustrated that our intrusion detection system could be rapidly deployed with high classification and real-time performance. Moreover, we also discussed how an intrusion detection system could work with OTA services to improve the intelligence of vehicular operating systems and prevent potential attacks.