bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome Measures After ACL Injury in Pediatric Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Zebis Mette K. , Warming Susan , Pedersen Maria B. , Kraft Marie H. , Magnusson S. Peter , Rathcke Martin , Krogsgaard Michael , Døssing Simon , Alkjær Tine
Published: July 2019

Background:

The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in children is increasing. However, no standardized core set of outcome measures exists for evaluating pediatric ACL injuries.

Purpose:

To perform a scoping review of the literature to identify patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and objective outcome measures used to evaluate pediatric patients after ACL injury and to classify these in accordance with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) domains.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

The literature was systematically searched with the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PEDro databases. The inclusion criteria were Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, or English language; publication between 2010 and 2018; pediatric ACL injury (patients ≤15 years old); and outcome measures. The selected papers were screened for title, abstract, and full text in accordance with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:

A total of 68 papers (4286 patients; mean ± SD age, 12.2 ± 2.3 years) were included. Nineteen PROMs and 11 objective outcome measures were identified. The most frequently reported PROMs were the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form (51% of studies), Lysholm scoring scale (46% of studies) and Tegner activity rating scale (37% of studies). Additionally, return to sport was reported in 41% of studies. The most frequent objective measures were knee laxity (76% of studies), growth disturbances (69% of studies), range of motion (41% of studies), and muscle strength (21% of studies). With respect to the ICF domains, the IKDC covered all 3 ICF health domains, the Lysholm score covered the Body Structure and Function and the Activity Limitation domains, while the Tegner score covered the Participation Restriction domain. Objectively measured knee joint laxity, range of motion, and muscle strength covered 1 domain (Body Structure and Function).

Conclusion:

Pediatric patients with ACL injury were mainly evaluated subjectively with the IKDC and objectively by knee joint laxity. No consensus exists in the evaluation of children after ACL injury. The majority of applied outcome measures are developed for adults. To cover the ICF health domains, future research needs to consider reliable and valid outcome measures relevant for pediatric patients with ACL injury.
Cancer immunotherapy: Adoptive cell therapies, cytokine-related toxicities, and the kidneys
Authors: Edeani Amaka
Published: July 2019

Adoptive cell therapies represent a new frontier in the quest for potent, personalized therapies for malignant disease with fewer of the widespread adverse events associated with standard chemotherapy. Adoptive cell therapies involve the identification, isolation, and expansion (with or without genetic manipulation) and then transfer of T cells with specific antitumor activity into patients with malignant disease to activate an effective antitumor immune response. These therapies include the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, T-cell receptors, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. These therapies are associated with unique, potentially devastating but usually reversible toxicities related to supraphysiologic cytokine activation, including cytokine release syndrome, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell-related encephalopathy syndrome, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; tumor lysis syndrome is uncommon but can occur in patients with large disease burdens. Prompt, vigilant, and aggressive supportive care with a multidisciplinary approach is imperative to treat the toxicities associated with the adoptive cell therapies. From a renal standpoint, adoptive cell therapy has been associated with varying degrees of acute kidney injury, ranging from mild increases in creatinine to renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy. Renal injury may be related to significant intravascular volume shifts in the setting of cytokine-related vasodilation. This review aims to familiarize nephrologists with these relatively new therapies and their associated toxicities.
A Novel Communication Pathway Between Lysosomes and Mitochondria Is Disrupted in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Norambuena Andrés , Bloom George S.
Published: July 2019

A growing body of evidence supports the idea that organelles talk to each other. This communication is characterized by either physical interactions, functional associations mediated by signaling molecules, or both. This flow of information allows the orchestration of proper cellular metabolic responses to the ever-changing extracellular environment. Mitochondria, the cell’s principle metabolic factories, have emerged as a major player that not only influence the functions of other organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, nuclei, and lysosomes, but as recently shown by our group, mitochondria also receive functionally critical information from lysosomes. This process was found to be mediated by the lysosome-associated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1, another major regulator of cellular metabolism. As discussed here, disruption of this lysosome-to-mitochondria signaling pathway may underlie the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Motor cortex stimulation for refractory demyelinating disease-associated trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Mendonça Marcelo D , Seromenho-Santos Alexandra , Caetano André , Reizinho Carla
Published: July 2019

Patients with demyelinating diseases (DDs) such as multiple sclerosis have a 20-fold higher risk of developing trigeminal neuralgia (TN). DD-related TN is more frequently refractory to the usual medical and surgical treatment. We report the case of a 57-year-old man presenting to our neurology outpatient clinic with a 12-year history of medical and surgical refractory TN associated with demyelinating lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. After a new failure of pharmacological treatment with oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, baclofen, and duloxetine, motor cortex stimulation (MCS) was performed, and the patient remained mostly pain-free, without any pharmacological treatment during the 3.5 years of follow-up. MCS may be a useful approach for DD-related refractory TN, and further studies can clarify its role in TN management.
Grain-scale distribution of molybdenite polytypes versus rhenium contents: μXRD and EBSD data
Authors: Plotinskaya Olga Y. , Shilovskikh Vladimir V. , Najorka Jens , Kovalchuk Elena V. , Seltmann Reimar , Spratt John
Published: July 2019

Molybdenite from two porphyry copper mineralisation sites within the South Urals was studied by electron microprobe (EMPA), micro x-ray diffraction (μXRD) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) methods. Elevated contents of rhenium (0.2 to 0.4, sometimes up to 1.1 wt.%) form linear zones from several to tens of micrometres wide and up to hundreds of micrometres long parallel to the elongation of molybdenite flakes. In most cases Re-rich zones are composed of the rhombohedral (3R) polytype of molybdenite, while the rest of the molybdenite flakes with ca. 0.1 wt.% of Re consist of hexagonal (2H) molybdenite. In rare cases Re-rich zones are confined to grain boundaries of molybdenite-2H. It is shown that both μXRD and EBSD are the most appropriate tools to distinguish different polytypes within a single grain of molybdenite.
Interplay between HGAL and Grb2 proteins regulates B-cell receptor signaling
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyu , Lu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yu , Lacaria Leda , Schuchardt Brett J. , Mikles David C. , Magistri Marco , García-Ramírez Idoia , Sanchez-Garcia Isidro , Farooq Amjad , Verdun Ramiro E. , Abdulreda Midhat H. , Moy Vincent T. , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: July 2019

Human germinal center (GC)–associated lymphoma (HGAL) is an adaptor protein expressed in GC B cells. HGAL regulates cell motility and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, processes that are central for the successful completion of the GC reaction. Herein, we demonstrate phosphorylation of HGAL by Syk and Lyn kinases at tyrosines Y80, Y86, Y106Y107, Y128, and Y148. The HGAL YEN motif (amino acids 107-109) is similar to the phosphopeptide motif pYXN used as a binding site to the growth factor receptor–bound protein 2 (Grb2). We demonstrate by biochemical and molecular methodologies that HGAL directly interacts with Grb2. Concordantly, microscopy studies demonstrate HGAL-Grb2 colocalization in the membrane central supramolecular activation clusters (cSMAC) following BCR activation. Mutation of the HGAL putative binding site to Grb2 abrogates the interaction between these proteins. Further, this HGAL mutant localizes exclusively in the peripheral SMAC and decreases the rate and intensity of BCR accumulation in the cSMAC. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Grb2, HGAL, and Syk interact in the same complex, but Grb2 does not modulate the effects of HGAL on Syk kinase activity. Overall, the interplay between the HGAL and Grb2 regulates the magnitude of BCR signaling and synapse formation.
The relation between reflection and the quality of a preschool teacher’s education performance
Authors: Syslová Zora
Published: July 2019

Many developed countries have been concentrating lately on the quality of preschool education. Generally, what is considered one of the most important aspects of quality preschool education is quality teaching performance, which has been focused on in many research studies. Research also investigates the level of reflection in preschool teachers, especially in relation to their professional development. However, none of the research studies have, so far, focused on observing the relationship between the two phenomena. We carried out a multiple case study to investigate the relationship between the quality of reflection and the quality of teachers´ performance. Eight pre-primary teachers were video-recorded in their work, and subsequently, in-depth interviews were conducted. During the interviews, we used stimulated recall over selected video sequences, focusing specifically on selected aims of education. The findings indicate that teachers with a higher quality of reflection reached higher quality in the selected areas of teachers’ performance. The results also showed that the teachers with a university degree reached higher quality performance. The findings can contribute to the discussion on the professional development support of preschool teachers and can initiate a discussion on the need to examine the university preparation programmes for these teachers.
Risk of Hypoxemia by Induction Technique Among Infants and Neonates Undergoing Pyloromyotomy
Authors: Park Raymond S. , Rattana-arpa Sirirat , Peyton James M. , Huang Jia , Kordun Anna , Cravero Joseph P. , Zurakowski David , Kovatsis Pete G.
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:

In patients presenting for pyloromyotomy, most practitioners prioritize rapid securement of the airway due to concern for aspiration. However, there is a lack of consensus and limited evidence on the choice between rapid sequence induction (RSI) and modified RSI (mRSI).

METHODS:

The medical records of all patients presenting for pyloromyotomy from May 2012 to December 2018 were reviewed. The risk of hypoxemia (peripheral oxygen saturation [Spo
2], <90%) during induction was compared between RSI and mRSI cohorts for all patients identified as well as in the neonate subgroup by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Complications (aspiration, intensive care unit admission, bradycardia, postoperative stridor, and hypotension) and initial intubation success for both cohorts were also compared.

RESULTS:

A total of 296 patients were identified: 181 in the RSI and 115 in the mRSI cohorts. RSI was associated with significantly higher rates of hypoxemia than mRSI (RSI, 30% [23%–37%]; mRSI, 17% [10%–24%]; P = .016). In multivariable logistic regression analysis of all patients, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of hypoxemia for RSI versus mRSI was 2.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–5.3; P = .003) and the OR of hypoxemia for multiple versus a single intubation attempt was 11.4 (95% CI, 5.8–22.5; P < .001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis of neonatal subgroup, the OR of hypoxemia for RSI versus mRSI was 6.5 (95% CI, 2.0–22.2; P < .001) and the OR of hypoxemia for multiple intubation versus single intubation attempts was 18.1 (95% CI, 4.7–40; P < .001). There were no induction-related complications in either the RSI and mRSI cohorts, and the initial intubation success rate was identical for both cohorts (78%).

CONCLUSIONS:

In infants presenting for pyloromyotomy, anesthetic induction with mRSI compared with RSI was associated with significantly less hypoxemia without an observed increase in aspiration events. In addition, the need for multiple intubation attempts was a strong predictor of hypoxemia. The increased risk of hypoxemia associated with RSI and multiple intubation attempts was even more pronounced in neonatal patients.
A Guide for Submitting a Manuscript That Is Aligned With the Mission of A&A Practice
Authors: Luedi Markus M. , Sweitzer BobbieJean
Published: July 2019

Anesthesia & Analgesia (A&A) Practice is a journal for clinicians worldwide. It is aligned with the educational mission of its parent organization, the International Anesthesia Research Society. A&A Practice is an online-only companion journal of A&A. A&A Practice seeks to publish short yet informative, peer-reviewed, PubMed indexed articles that offer a solution to a perioperative care or patient safety conundrum or a health management issue, which is communicated as one of the several manuscript types. We herein provide authors with a guide to assist them toward a successfully published manuscript in A&A Practice.
Erector Spinae Plane Blocks in Major Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Nair Shrijit , McGuinness Siobhan , Masood Fouad , Boylan John F. , Conlon Niamh P.
Published: July 2019

Hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) surgery is major upper abdominal surgery with considerable risk of pulmonary complications related to postoperative pain. While epidural analgesia remains an effective analgesic technique for upper abdominal surgery, HPB surgery poses challenges to its use due to coagulopathy. Erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks are a promising alternative to epidurals. Injection of local anesthetic deep to the erector spinae muscle plane and placement of a catheter for prolonged effect provide both somatic and visceral analgesia for both thoracic and abdominal surgery. We describe a series of 3 cases that illustrate the efficacy of ESP blocks after major HPB surgery.
Continuous Intravenous Lidocaine as an Effective Pain Adjunct for Opioid-Induced Bowel Dysfunction: A Case Report
Authors: Tran Bryant W. , Dhillon Sabrina K.
Published: July 2019

This case study describes a patient with suspected opioid-induced bowel dysfunction who had improved pain control when treated with intravenous (IV) lidocaine. An 80-year-old man with failed back surgery syndrome managed with an intrathecal (IT) pump presented with protracted abdominal pain. The acute pain service initiated a lidocaine infusion at 1 mg·min−1, and the patient reported significant pain relief. The patient experienced refractory abdominal pain with 3 attempts to wean the lidocaine infusion. Eventually, a successful transitional regimen was achieved with methylnaltrexone and transdermal lidocaine patches. Lidocaine infusions may be an effective and underutilized multimodal adjunct for nonsurgical pain conditions.
Exposure to 50 Hz magnetic field at 100 µT exert no DNA damage in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Yong , Liu Xingfa , Zhang Yemao , Wan Baoquan , Zhang Jiangong , He Wei , Hu Dong , Yang Yong , Lai Jinsheng , He Mengying , Chen Chen
Published: July 2019

The effects of exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) at city electric frequencies (50-60 Hz) on carcinogenicity are still in debate. Besides, whether exposure to MFs affects the heart is also a debated issue. This study aimed to determine whether exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) induced DNA damage in cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes were exposed to 50 Hz ELF-MF at 100 µT for 1 hr continuously or 75 min intermittently. The effects of the treatments were evaluated by DNA damage, redox status changes, and relative signal molecular expression. Moreover, ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a 50 Hz MF at 100 µT for 7 days, while another 10 rats were sham exposed. The protein levels of p53 and Hsp70 in heart tissue were analyzed by western blot. The results showed that exposure to ELF-MF did not induce DNA damage, cell cycle distribution change, or increased ROS level. No significant differences were detected in p53 and Hsp70 expression level between the ELF-MF and sham-exposure groups both in vitro and in vivo. All these data indicated that MFs at power-frequency may not cause DNA damage in cardiomyocyte.
Discoidin domain receptor 1 deficiency in vascular smooth muscle cells leads to mislocalization of N-cadherin contacts
Authors: Xu Songyi , Bala Sudarshan , Bendeck Michelle P.
Published: July 2019

N-cadherin mediates cell-cell contacts in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and regulates VSMC behaviours including migration and proliferation. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a collagen binding receptor also implicated in these processes. Previous studies have shown that both N-cadherin and DDR1 are upregulated after vascular injury, but it is not known whether there is a relationship between the two molecules. In the current study we found that N-cadherin was mislocalized from cell-cell junctions in the absence of DDR1. This occurred in spite of the fact that there was no significant difference in total cell lysate levels of N-cadherin between DDR1+/+ and DDR1-/- VSMCs. Analysis of lipid raft fractions revealed decreased N-cadherin and associated junctional complex catenins in DDR1-/- compared to DDR1+/+ VSMCs. Treatment with cholesterol oxidase or methyl-β-cyclodextrin to disrupt lipid rafts removed N-cadherin and DDR1 from the raft fractions. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitations suggested the association of DDR1 and N-cadherin. Importantly, transfection of DDR1-/- cells with full-length DDR1b rescued the formation of N-cadherin junctions. Together, these data reveal that N-cadherin cell-cell contacts in VSMCs are regulated through interactions with DDR1 and both molecules are located in lipid rafts.
Three-dimensional analysis of single molecule FISH in human colon organoids
Authors: Omerzu Manja , Fenderico Nicola , de Barbanson Buys , Sprangers Joep , de Ridder Jeroen , Maurice Madelon M.
Published: July 2019

The culturing of mini-organs (organoids) in 3-dimensions (3D) presents a simple and powerful tool to investigate the principles underlying human organ development and tissue self-organization in both healthy and diseased states. Applications of single molecule analysis are highly informative for a comprehensive understanding of the complexity underlying tissue and organ physiology. To fully exploit the potential of single molecule technologies, the adjustment of protocols and tools to 3D tissue culture is required. Single-molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) is a robust technique for visualizing and quantifying individual transcripts. In addition, smFISH can be employed to study splice variants, fusion transcripts as well as transcripts of multiple genes at the same time. Here, we develop a 3-day protocol and validation method to perform smFISH in 3D in whole human organoids. We provide a number of applications to exemplify the diverse possibilities for the simultaneous detection of distinct mRNA transcripts, evaluation of their spatial distribution and the identification of divergent cell lineages in 3D in organoids.
MKL1 overexpression predicts poor prognosis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer and promotes nodal metastasis
Authors: Cheng Xian , Xu Shichen , Pan Jie , Zheng Jiangxia , Wang Xiaowen , Yu Huixin , Bao Jiandong , Xu Yong , Guan Haixia , Zhang Li
Published: July 2019

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common thyroid malignancy, has a strong propensity for cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM), which increases the risk of locoregional recurrence and decreases survival probability in some high-risk groups. Hence, there is a pressing requirement for a reliable biomarker to predict LNM in thyroid cancer. In the present study, MKL1 (also known as MRTFA) expression was significantly increased in PTC patients with LNM compared with those without. Further receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that MKL1 expression had a diagnostic value in the differentiation of LNM in PTC. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that high MKL1 expression was associated with significantly decreased survival in PTC. Additionally, our study indicated that MKL1 promoted the migration and invasion of PTC cells. MKL1 interacted with and recruited Smad3 to the promoter of MMP2 to activate MMP2 transcription upon treatment with TGF-β. Moreover, there was significant correlation between expression of TGF-β, MKL1 and MMP2 in our clinical cohort of specimens from individuals with PTC. Our results suggest that the detection of MKL1 expression could be used to predict cervical LNM and inform post-operative follow-up in individuals with PTC.
Place-Based Policies, Creation, and Agglomeration Economies: Evidence from China’s Economic Zone Program
Authors: Lu Yi , Wang Jin , Zhu Lianming
Published: July 2019

Combining rich firm and administrative data, this paper examines the incidence and effectiveness of a prominent place-based policy in China: special economic zones. Establishing zones is found to have had a positive effect on capital investment, employment, output, productivity, and wages, and to have increased the number of firms in the designated areas. Net entry plays a larger role in generating those effects than incumbents. The special zone program’s net benefits over three years are estimated to amount to about US$15.62 billion. Capital-intensive industries benefit more than labor-intensive ones from the zone programs. (JEL O16, O18, O25, P25, R23, R32, R58)
Do Kidney Exchanges Improve Patient Outcomes?
Authors: Teltser Keith F.
Published: July 2019

In this paper, I estimate the number of additional transplants generated by kidney exchanges. To do this, I analyze substitution patterns between exchange transplants and other transplant outcomes. Exploiting variation in patients exposure to exchange activity across time and place, I find that 64 percent of exchange transplants represent new living donor transplants. Using the same approach, I find that an increase in the probability of receiving an exchange transplant reduces the probability of graft failure and reduces time spent waiting for a kidney. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that each exchange transplant increases social welfare by $300,000 to $700,000. (JEL D47, I11, I12, I18)
Introduction to Genomic Analysis Workshop: A catalyst for engaging life-science researchers in high throughput analysis
Authors: Richmond Phillip A. , Wasserman Wyeth W.
Published: July 2019

Researchers in the life sciences are increasingly faced with the task of obtaining compute resources and training to analyze large, high-throughput technology generated datasets. As demand for compute resources has grown, high performance computing (HPC) systems have been implemented by research organizations and international consortiums to support academic researchers. However, life science researchers lack effective time-of-need training resources for utilization of these systems. Current training options have drawbacks that inhibit the effective training of researchers without experience in computational analysis. We identified the need for flexible, centrally-organized, easily accessible, interactive, and compute resource specific training for academic HPC use.  In our delivery of a modular workshop series, we provided foundational training to a group of researchers in a coordinated manner, allowing them to further pursue additional training and analysis on compute resources available to them. Efficacy measures indicate that the material was effectively delivered to a broad audience in a short time period, including both virtual and on-site students. The practical approach to catalyze academic HPC use is amenable to diverse systems worldwide.
Association between umbilical cord hygiene and neonatal sepsis among neonates presenting to a primary care facility in Nairobi County, Kenya: a case-control study
Authors: Moraa Phoebe K. , Mweu Marshal M. , Njoroge Peter K.
Published: July 2019

Background:Three-quarters of all annual neonatal deaths in developing countries are attributable to neonatal sepsis. In primary care settings, poor cord hygiene due to improper handling of the infant’s cord is a major contributor to the occurrence of neonatal sepsis. The objective of this study was to describe the umbilical cord practices among mothers attending a primary care facility, assess the relationship between umbilical cord hygiene and neonatal sepsis, its impact on the population, as well as the influence of other neonatal and maternal factors on this relationship.

Methods:A case-control study was conducted to assess the umbilical cord hygiene-neonatal sepsis relationship among neonates attending a primary care facility between August and October 2018. All cases were selected, while controls were systematically random sampled, as per study eligibility criteria. Exposure variables were summarized using descriptive statistics. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to evaluate the association between umbilical cord hygiene and neonatal sepsis adjusting for the effect of potential confounders. Subsequently, a population attributable fraction (PAF) was estimated.

Results:The proportion of mothers with improper hygiene was 35.3%: 72.1% among the cases and 16.3% among the controls’ caregivers. The odds of neonatal sepsis were 13 times higher (OR=13.24; 95% CI: [7.5; 23.4]) among infants whose caregivers had improper hygiene compared to those who had proper hygiene. None of the neonatal and maternal covariates confounded the umbilical cord hygiene-neonatal sepsis association. This odds ratio gave a PAF of 66.7% (95% CI: 62.5; 69.0).

Conclusions:Improper cord hygiene is prevalent in this low resource setting. Improper cord hygiene has a strong positive association with neonatal sepsis. Observing good cord care practices could avert up to 67% of newborn infections. This calls for inclusion of comprehensive cord care practices in the antenatal care educational package.
The validation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the effect of freeze-thaw cycles of serum on the stability of cortisol and testosterone concentrations in Aceh cattle
Authors: Gholib Gholib , Wahyuni Sri , Akmal Muslim , Hasan Muhammad , Agil Muhammad , Purwantara Bambang
Published: July 2019

Background: To obtain accurate measurements of cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) in Aceh cattle, commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits need to be carefully validated. Moreover, repeated freeze-thaw cycles during the storage of the samples may affect the stability of the hormones in the serum. Here, we test the reliability of C and T concentration measurements in the serum of Aceh cattle, obtained using commercial C and T ELISA kits designed to measure human C and T concentrations. Further, we evaluate the effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on the stability of C and T concentrations in the serum.

Methods: Commercial C (Cat. no. EIA-1887) and T (Cat. no. EIA-1559) ELISA kits from DRG Instruments GmbH were validated through an analytical validation test (i.e., parallelism, accuracy, and precision) and a biological validation test (for C: effect of transportation on the C excretion; for T: the concentrations of T between bulls and cows). To test the effects of freeze-thaw cycles, cattle serum was subjected to the following treatments: (i) remained frozen at -20OC (control group); (ii) exposed to freeze-thaw cycles for two, four, six, and eight times (test groups).  

Results: Parallelism, accuracy, and precision tests showed that both  C and T ELISA kits adequately measured C and T in the serum of Aceh cattle. Concentrations of C post-transportation were significantly higher than pre-transportation (p<0.05). Concentrations of T in bulls were significantly higher than in cows (p<0.05). After four to eight freeze-thaw cycles, C concentrations were significantly lower compared to the control group (all p < 0.05). In contrast, T concentrations remained stable (all p>0.05).

Conclusions: Commercial C (EIA-1887) and T (EIA-1559) ELISA kits are reliable assays for measuring serum C and T, respectively, in Aceh cattle. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles significantly affected the stability of serum C, but did not for T.
Case Report: rare hybrid lesion of a central giant cell granuloma within a juvenile ossifying fibroma
Authors: Rizk Saad Hadeer , M. Kamal Noura , W. Amer Hatem
Published: July 2019

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is classified by the World Health Organization as a benign bone lesion. It is found anteriorly in the mandible, with most of the cases crossing the midline. In total, 70% of CGCGs are encountered in young females. Fibro-osseous lesions are a group of pathologies that encompass neoplastic, dysplastic and reactive entities. Juvenile ossifying fibroma, which can be further categorized into juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF) and juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma, represents an aggressive neoplastic example of these fibro-osseous lesions. JTOF occurs in children at almost equal ratios in both sexes, affecting the maxilla more than mandible. This study aims to report a peculiar case of a hybrid lesion comprising CGCG and JTOF in the mandible of a nine-year-old female patient. Clinical, radiographic and histopathological findings were assessed. Clinical examination revealed an intraoral swelling extending from the right impacted third molar area to the left first molar area. Computed tomography showed a well-defined multilocular radiolucency with diffuse flecks of radioopacities. Histopathologically, the lesion comprised fibrous connective tissue encompassing numerous multinucleated giant cells and other areas of cell-rich connective tissue stroma containing bands of osteoid matrix and anastomosing immature bone trabeculae intermixed with scattered clusters of multinucleated giant cells. We hereby report a case of a rare hybrid lesion comprising CGCG and JTOF.
Selective mutism – an overview of the condition and etiology: is the absence of speech just the tip of the iceberg?
Authors: Rozenek Emil , Orlof Wiktor , Nowicka Zuzanna , Wilczyńska Karolina , Waszkiewicz Napoleon
Published: July 2019

Niemożność mówienia w pewnych sytuacjach − tak najkrócej można scharakteryzować mutyzm wybiórczy (ang. Selective mutism, SM), który według najnowszych klasyfikacji (DSM-V, ICD-11) należy do spektrum zaburzeń lękowych. Pojawienie się mutyzmu wybiórczego w okresie wczesnodziecięcym może zaburzać dalszy rozwój, a także niekorzystnie wpływać na osiągnięcia edukacyjne. Zarówno psychiatrzy, jak i lekarze innych specjalizacji, logopedzi, pielęgniarki i nauczyciele powinni posiadać odpowiednią wiedzę na temat tego zaburzenia, ponieważ wcześnie podjęte leczenie wiąże się z lepszym rokowaniem. Celem niniejszego przeglądu literatury jest przybliżenie współczesnego spojrzenia na stosunkowo rzadki zespół psychopatologiczny jakim jest mutyzm wybiórczy. W świetle najnowszych badań dotyczących etiologii SM sam objaw mutyzmu wydaje się być jedynie wykładnikiem kryjącej się pod nim heterogennej grupy zaburzeń. Opierając się na psychopatologii rozwoju można wnioskować, że wzajemne powiązania między piętrzącymi się nieprawidłowościami sprzyjają ujawnieniu się SM w przełomowym okresie życia. Złożoność etiologiczna sugeruje multimodalne podejście do pacjenta w procesie diagnostyczno-terapeutycznym, co jest postulowane przez wielu autorów.
Transparência: a hierarquização dos países decorrente da opção democrática no índice da Freedom House
Authors: Silva Xavier Vítor César
Published: July 2019

O Ocidente tem propagado a ideia de que regime político democrático é a melhor ou até mesmoa única alternativa para a sociedade internacional (FUKUYAMA, 1989). Concomitantementeà valorização da democracia na atualidade, diversas instituições se propõem a difundir e aavaliar a democracia no mundo, dentre as quais a Freedom House. Nesse contexto, o presenteestudo se propõe a avaliar o método de trabalho adotado pela Freedom House, especificamentea partir do valor transparência e com o objetivo de se analisar a adequação dos critériosde mensuração utilizados. A fonte primária de estudo serão os documentos oficiais daFreedom House, em especial as regras metodológicas que subsidiam a produção do relatório“Liberdade no Mundo”; em paralelo, obras doutrinárias sobre democracia e transparênciairão fornecer referências conceituais importantes ao trabalho. Metodologicamente, o artigoirá primeiramente discutir os conceitos de regime político democrático e as correlatasexpectativas quanto aos níveis de transparência possíveis; em seguida, a partir da análisede documentos primários, é preciso identificar o tipo de democracia adotado pela FreedomHouse e, consequentemente, a amplitude da transparência esperada pela instituição. Ao final,examinando o grau de transparência exigido pela Freedom House e a pluralidade de regimesdemocráticos teoricamente existentes, procurar-se-á demonstrar pela argumentação lógicaa insuficiência dos critérios analíticos adotados pela instituição na medição da democraciano mundo, o que afeta, consequentemente, o rank apresentado no relatório “Liberdade noMundo”. A partir dessa abordagem, questiona-se a forma de inserção do valor transparênciano índice da Freedom House, uma vez que se adota o conceito de democracia liberal,ocultando conscientemente diferenças entre aqueles países que de fato divulgam informaçõesquantitativa e qualitativamente mais importantes, tais como aqueles que adotam a socialdemocracia.
Memorial
Authors: Rebello de Mendonça Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Memorial defendido publicamente na data de 7 de dezembro de 2018, perante a bancacomposta pelos professores: Maria Claudia Coelho (UERJ), Carmem Feijó (UFF), LenáMedeiros de Menezes (UERJ), José Reginaldo Gonçalves (UFRJ), Moacir Palmeira (UFRJ) eMyriam Moraes Lins de Barros (UFRJ).
Silver Diamine Fluoride: a critical review and treatment recommendations
Authors: Patel Jilen , Anthonappa Robert P , King Nigel M
Published: July 2019

Over the last decade there has been a renewed interest in the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) as an adjunctive modality in the management of caries among high-risk populations. This review presents the current evidence behind the use of SDF and recommendations for its use in caries management dental practice.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Silver diamine fluoride is an effective, evidence-based modality that can contribute towards arresting carious lesions among high-risk children and disadvantaged populations.
A pilot study to investigate the dental team's awareness and confidence in advising patients with regards to shisha smoking
Authors: Noor Anum , Jahan Fahmida , Ahmed Bilal , White Deborah
Published: July 2019

Water pipe smoking (‘shisha’) is a form of tobacco which has become increasingly popular in the UK, despite its harmful effects. The dental team has a responsibility to be aware of trends in tobacco usage as we become more actively involved in offering smoking cessation advice to patients, an area of prevention highlighted by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in their recommendations for oral health promotion in general dental practice. In this study, students and qualified members of the dental team completed a questionnaire to ascertain their level of knowledge about shisha smoking and its effects, as well as their confidence in advising patients. It was established that there is a lack of awareness and confidence amongst the dental team and an update in training is needed.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Smoking cessation training must be reviewed and appropriately updated to include shisha smoking so that the dental team can be confident in correctly advising patients about the habit.
Autologous blood products and their role within dentistry
Authors: Razzak Arif , Jenkins Sarah , Smart Keith
Published: July 2019

Use of autologous blood products, such as platelet rich plasma (PRP) and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is increasing within the field of dentistry. Such products aim to promote bone regeneration which is valuable in a range of procedures, including implant placement, post tooth extraction, and periodontal surgery. Dental practitioners should be aware of what these new materials are, and the beneficial role that they may play in modern dentistry.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article aims to inform the reader regarding the range of available autologous blood products, their uses in dentistry, how they are derived from whole blood, as well as cost and time implications.
Attitudes and beliefs regarding organ donation among South Asian people in the UK
Authors: Pradeep Agimol , Ormandy Paula , Augustine Titus , Randhawa Gurch , Whitling Mark
Published: July 2019

There is an acute shortage of organ donors in the UK, specifically among South Asian communities. This article reports the findings from the largest ever study undertaken among South Asian people in the UK that seeks to explore attitudes and beliefs towards organ donation. This article highlights that seemingly intractable factors, such as religion and culture, are often tied to more complex issues, such as distrust in the medical system and lack of awareness, that contribute to the shortage of organ donors among South Asian communities in the UK
Okul Öncesi Eğitim Kurumlarına Devam Eden Çocukların Sosyal Yetkinlik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: UYGUN Nur , KOZİKOĞLU İshak
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2017-2018 öğretim yılında
okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden çocukların sosyal yetkinlik davranışlarını
incelemektir. Araştırmada, betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
örneklemini, tabakalı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen 521 çocuk
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden
çocukların sosyal yetkinlik davranışlarını
belirlemek amacıyla Sosyal Yetkinlik ve
Davranış Değerlendirme-30 Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ve fark analizleri
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden
çocukların sosyal yetkinlik
davranışlarını sıklıkla sergiledikleri, anksiyete-içedönüklük ve kızgınlık-saldırganlık
davranışlarını ise neredeyse hiç sergilemedikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kız
çocukların sosyal yetkinlik puanlarının erkek çocuklarından daha yüksek olduğu,
anne-baba eğitim düzeyi arttıkça çocukların sosyal yetkinlik davranışlarının arttığı,
kardeş sayısı arttıkça çocukların anksiyete-içedönüklük davranışlarının
arttığı, fakat çocukların sosyal yetkinlik, anksiyete-içedönüklük ve
kızgınlık-saldırganlık davranışlarının yaş ve aile gelir düzeyi değişkenlerine
göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin
problem davranışları sıklıkla sergileyen çocukları tespit edip çocukların
sosyal gelişimlerini olumlu yönde etkileyecek etkinliklere daha sık yer
vermeleri önerilebilir.
Argelia y España, un amor de ida y vuelta
Authors: Molinos Navarro Natalia
Published: July 2019

Argelia está en estos días siendo el foco de atención del mundo por el proceso de democratización de impulso ciudadano que está viviendo. Un país con el que estamos mucho más vinculados de lo que percibimos, porque los españoles hemos sido parte de lo que ahora son los argelinos, como los argelinos forman parte de lo que ahora es España. Jaume Marzal, artista afincado en Alicante nos ayuda a comprender el lazo que nos une con Argelia, es el pintor que ilustra con sus imágenes este texto. Nos cuenta sus impresiones sobre el país magrebí.
El “hirak” popular: la nueva revolución argelina
Authors: Bustos García de Castro Rafael
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se analiza la singularidad del movimiento popular conocido como Hirak argelino, en el que se explican sus diferencias con las primaveras árabes y también con episodios previos de cambio político vividos en Argelia (1988-1992), ya que este movimiento extrae sus raíces de la guerra de independencia y es fundamentalmente pacífico. Igualmente se discute el impasse actual tras haberse agotado el cauce constitucional y las posibles vías hacia una transición que se están discutiendo, así como algunas de las reacciones internacionales que hasta ahora se han producido.
Granulometria do solo, percolação da água e transpiração da área vegetada no Campus Duse Rüegger Ometto – FHO – Fundação Hermínio Ometto, Araras-SP
Authors: Betioli Júlio Valentim
Published: July 2019

O trabalho foi realizado no campus Duse Rüegger Ometto, da Fundação Hermínio Ometto em Araras, SP, com a finalidade de correlacionar a distribuição da granulometria do solo e sua permeabilidade com a capacidade de evapotranspiração da área vegetada, pelo método trabalhado de Biudes (2006) e sua relação com o microclima no local. Para coleta das amostras do solo foram utilizados uma cavadeira articulada e um termômetro a laser para medição da temperatura da amostragem no exato momento da coleta.  Em cada ponto coletou-se três amostras com as profundidades variando entre 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm e 40-60 cm. Para a determinação da evapotranspiração as áreas foram obtidas por duas metodologias, a primeira feita in loco com trenas de 30 metros, e a segunda, delimitadas por satélites e calculadas com o software AutoCad. O solo, por meio das análises obtidas, está constituído por predominância de areia fina e média com pouca significância de argila. Isso indica um elevado índice de vazios e alta taxa efetiva de porosidade, o que favorece a percolação da água no solo. O método utilizado para calcular o potencial da transpiração em condições adotadas e descritas durante o experimento revelou o valor obtido de 34,7 m3.24horas-1 representa uma quantidade de água muito grande. Conclui-se que transpiração das plantas pode ser eficaz para manutenção do microclima e recomenda-se a inserção de vegetação na construção civil visto seus singulares benefícios e ambiente agradável.
Floricultura e apropriação de recursos hídricos: uma análise da utilização das águas subterrâneas para a produção de flores em Holambra-SP
Authors: Lopes Alan Peterson
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância da utilização dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos na produção de flores e plantas ornamentais em Holambra-SP. Trata-se de verificar como é realizado o uso da água subterrânea e quais vulnerabilidades territoriais são resultantes. Com apoio de dados do DAEE-SP e de mapeamentos elaborados pelo autor, procura demonstrar a fragilidade do sistema de gestão de recursos hídricos em São Paulo, que aliado à especialização produtiva agrícola provoca situações de estresse hídrico em diversas áreas, tais como o município de Holambra-SP.
Análise da geodinâmica externa do rio atingido pelo rompimento da barragem fundão, Mariana - MG: trecho entre Bento Rodrigues e Barra Longa
Authors: Dias Cristhian Filgueira , Duarte Luisa Oliveira , Cabanhe Mayara Pereira , Vieira Eliane Maria
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho avalia a geodinâmica externa do Rio Gualaxo do Norte, trecho de Bento Rodrigues até Barra Longa, após o rompimento da barragem Fundão, em Mariana. A bacia hidrográfica do Rio Doce foi contaminada e consequentemente os parâmetros físico-químicos da bacia foram alterados, acarretando na mudança da cor, turbidez, entre outros, impactando negativamente diversos cursos d’águas. Devido ao mar de lama contendo os rejeitos da mineração, o curso natural do trecho do rio em estudo foi modificado, bem como a biota, incluindo a vegetação próxima aos rios, também conhecida como mata de galeria. Os prejuízos causados foram diversos, acarretando em mudanças na superfície do rio por onde a onda de rejeitos passou. Desta maneira, utilizando imagens multitemporais obtidas pelo Google Earth e o sistema de informação geográfica ArcGis, foi possível analisar e identificar as transformações ocorridas, através de mapas, que demonstram áreas onde foram nítidas as alterações no leito do rio em termos de deslocamento e dimensões, o que afeta diretamente todo o ecossistema local.
Use of membranas for biogas purification: review
Authors: Gomes Michelle Garcia , De Morais Luís Carlos , Pasquini Daniel
Published: July 2019

O biogás é um combustível orgânico limpo que é produzido pela decomposição da matéria orgânica sob condições anaeróbias, composto de cerca de 55-65% de metano, 30-45% de dióxido de carbono, traços de sulfeto de hidrogênio e frações de vapor de água. A presença de outros compostos além do metano, embora ocorram em concentrações muito baixas, é um problema, uma vez que são prejudiciais para qualquer equipamento de processamento e restringem seu uso. Portanto, para atingir a composição padrão de biogás, é importante incluir as etapas de purificação antes de usar o biogás. As tecnologias tradicionais de purificação baseiam-se essencialmente no uso de métodos físicos e químicos, que também geram poluentes secundários e são caros. O presente estudo é uma revisão de diferentes processos de purificação de biogás baseados em membranas que são amplamente utilizados em todo o mundo e as principais tecnologias sendo desenvolvidas ou em pesquisa. Materiais de membrana apropriados, bem como um módulo eficiente e projeto de processo, determinam a competitividade com a tecnologia de separação convencional.
Fragilidades e potencialidades da rede de atenção em saúde bucal de Solidão, Pernambuco
Authors: Sá Carmen Silvia Marsicano de Brito , Campos Cláudia Maria de Melo , Souza Clécia Emília do Nascimento e , Nunes Edilma Gonçalves de Almeida , Brito Maria Nelly de Lima Sampaio
Published: July 2019

O grande desafio atual, da gestão em saúde, é transformar fragilidades em potencialidades, em cada realidade municipal, contudo, somente considerando os sistemas e redes como mecanismos integradores e indissolúveis; e o planejamento de metas, sempre voltadas para os anseios coletivos, como caminho primordial - embasado no conhecimento do território e sua população; fragilidades como baixo IDH e demanda espontânea alta, podem ser moldadas a essa nova prática, de caráter mais dinâmico e promotor de soluções, como deve vislumbrar o município de Solidão.
Potencialidades e fragilidades da rede de atenção à saúde da mulher no município de Surubim
Authors: Araújo Carla Cristina França de , Pontes Juliana Leão , Pontes Taciana Leão
Published: July 2019

As redes de atenção à saúde da mulher tem como foco impedir mortes maternas e infantis evitáveis além de serem de interesse nacional e internacional no campo da saúde e dos direitos reprodutivos. O objetivo desse ensaio foi realizar uma análise crítica da rede de atenção à saúde da mulher no município de Surubim levando-se em consideração dados relativos à assistência dessa rede disponibilizados pela Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Pernambuco. Problemas relativos a capacidade de expansão da rede de atenção básica, quantidade de leitos e planejamento familiar foram apontados. Conclui-se que assim como em Recife e outros municípios, Surubim necessita que os gestores estejam com os olhos voltados para a assistência integral à saúde da mulher.