bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Excitability of Neocortical Neurons in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Are Not Specific to Corticospinal Neurons and Are Modulated by Advancing Disease
Authors: Kim Juhyun , Hughes Ethan G. , Shetty Ashwin S. , Arlotta Paola , Goff Loyal A. , Bergles Dwight E. , Brown Solange P.
Published: August 2017

Cell type-specific changes in neuronal excitability have been proposed to contribute to the selective degeneration of corticospinal neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to neocortical hyperexcitability, a prominent feature of both inherited and sporadic variants of the disease, but the mechanisms underlying selective loss of specific cell types in ALS are not known. We analyzed the physiological properties of distinct classes of cortical neurons in the motor cortex ofhSOD1G93Amice of both sexes and found that they all exhibit increases in intrinsic excitability that depend on disease stage. Targeted recordings andin vivocalcium imaging further revealed that neurons adapt their functional properties to normalize cortical excitability as the disease progresses. Although different neuron classes all exhibited increases in intrinsic excitability, transcriptional profiling indicated that the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are cell type specific. The increases in excitability in both excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons show that selective dysfunction of neuronal cell types cannot account for the specific vulnerability of corticospinal motor neurons in ALS. Furthermore, the stage-dependent alterations in neuronal function highlight the ability of cortical circuits to adapt as disease progresses. These findings show that both disease stage and cell type must be considered when developing therapeutic strategies for treating ALS.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIt is not known why certain classes of neurons preferentially die in different neurodegenerative diseases. It has been proposed that the enhanced excitability of affected neurons is a major contributor to their selective loss. We show using a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a disease in which corticospinal neurons exhibit selective vulnerability, that changes in excitability are not restricted to this neuronal class and that excitability does not increase monotonically with disease progression. Moreover, although all neuronal cell types tested exhibited abnormal functional properties, analysis of their gene expression demonstrated cell type-specific responses to the ALS-causing mutation. These findings suggest that therapies for ALS may need to be tailored for different cell types and stages of disease.
That's My Story and I'm Sticking To It
Authors: Scott Cindy , Rinaldi Jen
Published: August 2017

Cindy Scott is a proud lesbian woman and a survivor of the Huronia Regional Centre (HRC), an institution that housed persons diagnosed with intellectual disabilities 1876-2009. She is known for her work in Orillia, Ontario speaking about institutionalization and on behalf of residents who died and were buried in the cemetery on HRC grounds. For the past four years, Cindy has been a co-researcher working with Recounting Huronia: a collective of researchers, artists, and survivors using arts-based and storytelling methods to return to and preserve lived memories of the HRC. The research team often operated in pairs, in monthly workshops that used scrapbooking, poetry, cabaret performance, and other arts-based methods to articulate traumatic memories. The stories told here came from workshop exchanges between Cindy and fellow Recounting Huronia member Jen Rinaldi, and are anchored in scrapbook entries they developed together in Recounting Huronia workshops. Cindy retold these stories for Jen to transcribe, and Jen has provided some context via footnotes.
Self-Advocacy from the Ashes of the Institution
Authors: Hutton Sue , Park Peter , Levine Martin , Johnson Shay , Bramesfeld Kosha
Published: August 2017

This paper explores the oral histories of two survivors of Canada’s institutions for persons labelled with intellectual disability. Both of these men survived the abuses of the institutions and went on to become committed to rights advocacy for others labelled with an intellectual disability. They were determined to tell their stories and act as change agents so that no one else experiences the abuse they did. In this paper, Peter and Martin tell parts of their stories, including their journey toward self-advocacy. This paper provides a space for these truths to be revealed in the time of class action law suits that are underway for these survivors. No opportunity was provided for the class action members to tell their stories in court, so this paper contains pieces of the narrative that survivors want people to know. Their stories are told in both narrative and art form. These artifacts highlight common themes of institutional abuse and isolation, but also of remarkable resiliency and strength. Their stories serve as an important record of the history of institutionalization in Canada and help to shape a better understanding of the roots of self- advocacy, including the importance of “nothing about us without us” (Charlton, 1998).
A Sweet Case of Mycoplasma
Authors: Hsieh Jackie , Yalcindag Ali , Coghlin Daniel T.
Published: August 2017

Sweet syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an uncommon inflammatory disorder marked by fever and swelling of the skin that can be very painful. It is especially rare in the pediatric population. Infection is a well-known trigger for Sweet syndrome, but this entity has, to our knowledge, never been described after Mycoplasma infection. Herein, we describe the first pediatric case of febrile neutrophilic dermatosis associated with Mycoplasma infection.
Diagnosis of Pregnancy and Providing Options Counseling for the Adolescent Patient
Authors: Hornberger Laurie L. ,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Breuner Cora C. , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Garofalo Robert , Grubb Laura K. , Powers Makia E. , Upadhya Krishna Kumari , Wallace Stephenie B.
Published: August 2017

The American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement “Options Counseling for the Pregnant Adolescent Patient” recommends the basic content of the pediatrician’s counseling for an adolescent facing a new diagnosis of pregnancy. However, options counseling is just one aspect of what may be one of the more challenging scenarios in the pediatric office. Pediatricians must remain alert to the possibility of pregnancy among their adolescent female patients. When discovering symptoms suggestive of pregnancy, pediatricians must obtain a relevant history, perform diagnostic testing and properly interpret the results, and understand the significance of the results from the patient perspective and reveal them to the patient in a sensitive manner. If the patient is indeed pregnant, the pediatrician, in addition to providing comprehensive options counseling, may need to help recruit adult support for the patient and should offer continued assistance to the adolescent and her family after the office visit. All pediatricians should be aware of the legal aspects of adolescent reproductive care and the resources for pregnant adolescents in their communities. This clinical report presents a more comprehensive view of the evaluation and management of pregnancy in the adolescent patient and a context for options counseling.
A new species of Andinia subgen. Brachycladium (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from Colombia
Authors: Vieira-Uribe Sebastián , Karremans Adam P.
Published: August 2017

A new species of Andinia belonging to A. subgenus Brachycladium from the eastern Andes of southern Colombia is described and illustrated. Andinia obesa is related to the A. nummularia species complex, characterized by the glabrous leaves, short inflorescences, an inconspicuous trilobed lip and a relatively large column. The new species can be distinguished by the unusually plump, orbicular, cucullate column with an incumbent anther.
Protective effects of Vitamin E on CCl4-induced testicular toxicity in male rats
Authors: El-Faras AA , Sadek IA , Ali YE , Khalil MIM , Mussa EB
Published: August 2017

The increased generation of free radicals plays an important role in testicular damage. The present study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on the reproductive system of male rats as well as to examine whether Vitamin E (VE) is able to ameliorate these effects. The rats were equally divided into three groups: control, CCl4-treated, and CCl4 + VE-treated groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the decrease in body and testes weights, sperm parameters, and the decrease in serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone of CCl4-treated rats were ameliorated by VE treatment. The co-administration of VE with CCl4 significantly decreased the level of lipid peroxidation production (malondialdehyde) and increased the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) when compared with the CCl4 group. Moreover, VE prevented CCl4-induced severe testicular histopathological lesions and deformities in spermatogenesis. The results demonstrate that VE augments the anti-oxidants’ defense mechanism against CCl4-induced reproductive toxicity suggesting a therapeutic role in free radical-mediated infertility.
Treadmill walking differently affects body composition and metabolic parameters of female rats from normal or small litters
Authors: Sakakima GM , dos Santos ER , Bueno GC , Rempel MS , Furlan JP , da Costa CEM , Godoi VAF , Pedrosa MMD
Published: August 2017

This work assessed whether walking affects bodily development and metabolic parameters of female rats raised in small litters (three pups, group S) or control litters (nine pups, group C). After weaning, some of the rats had five sessions per week of a 30-min treadmill walking (CE and SE), while the others remained sedentary (CS and SS) until the age of 120 days. Exercise caused a reduction of body weight (CS/CE = 1.18), Lee index (CS/CE = 1.04), fasting blood glucose (CS/CE = 1.35), mesenteric (CS/CE = 1.23), and ovarian fat (CS/CE = 1.33) in CE, but only glucose was decreased in SE (SS/SE = 1.16). The diameter of adipocytes decreased to a half in the small-litter groups. Exercise increased subcutaneous (CS/CE = 0.88 and SS/SE = 0.71), but decreased retroperitoneal adipocytes (CS/CE = 1.2 and SS/SE = 1.3). Litter size reduction had little impact on females at the age of 120 days, but the light physical activity seemed insufficient to counteract all the effects of lactational overfeeding. On the other hand, pups from exercised mothers had a decrease in their biometric and glycemic indexes, demonstrating the transgenerational action of regular, although light, exercise.
Human Psychology (fitrah) from Islamic Perspective
Authors: Bhat Ali Muhammad
Published: August 2017

Education is crucial for all mankind. It is achieved to perfect all aspects of human’s life and to attain perfection in one’s life. To achieve true education, one must keep knowledge on the philosophy and objectives of education put forth by different religions and civilization but more importantly as stipulated in the Al-Quran and Sunnah. These sources help in the operative formulation of generating the complete growth of individual with integrated, balanced, and collective personality. The principal task of education is, to nurture the personal growth of a human being. It is through this development of the individual and the preservation and transmission of culture that both the individual and society attains a quality of life. A good man is not necessarily a complete man. No one can be stared as a complete human because there is no end to the growth of human personality. A wide knowledge of many subjects helps in the growth of personality (psychology) provided a man knows how to modify behavior and knows how knowledge and actions are integrated into a broad, total framework of life. This issue has been taken into hand to provide an insight from Islamic perspective for a broad continuum of personality development or what in contemporary era is called human psychology. An analytical approach is adopted to search the sources which contain information related to human nature in order to justify that religion has a strong voice to help humans to cognize the role of Islamic Psychology in human development.
Intolerância religiosa: um estudo sobre os casos de intolerância ocorridos no Terreiro de Candomblé Ilê Asé Ibi Olú Fonnim e com seus integrantes na vida social
Authors: Reis Marcos Vinicius De Freitas
Published: August 2017

O Brasil é um país laico, e não tem, consequentemente, uma religião oficial, mas, apesar da liberdade religiosa garantida por lei, a intolerância religiosa ainda é bastante presente na sociedade brasileira. No período colonial brasileiro, os negros africanos foram escravizados e obrigados a seguir o cristianismo católico, até então a religião oficial de Portugal, e assim tiveram suas culturas marginalizadas e encobertas. Essa intolerância perpassou até os dias atuais, e hoje é propagada através de ideologias sectaristas e proselitistas de alguns líderes religiosos que fomentam na sociedade, através de seguidores fundamentalistas, a violência física e simbólica, principalmente contra as religiões afro-brasileiras. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer um estudo sobre os casos de intolerância ocorridos no terreiro de candomblé Ilê Ase Ibi Olú Fonnim, no bairro dos Congós, em Macapá-Amapá, o qual foi escolhido por ser um dos mais antigos da cidade, pela importância e contribuição dos seus integrantes para o movimento afro-religioso no estado. Para tanto, far-se-á o uso de revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de dados na internet e pesquisa de campo qualitativa através de questionário aberto. Foram elaboradas dezoito questões, que foram aplicadas a quatro integrantes do terreiro, dentre eles o babalorixá Marcos Ribeiro; para a escolha dos entrevistados foi levado em consideração o tempo em que militam no candomblé para se entender o significado que eles atribuem à religião.  A intolerância foi discutida através das representações sociais, como fonte causadora do estigma que, consequentemente, interfere na identidade individual.
Literatura bíblica e a pintura de Marc Chagall (1885-1987): “Le sacrifice d’Isaac”
Authors: Rodrigues da Conceição Douglas
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem por objeto de análise a tela “Le sacrifice d’Isaac”, de Marc Chagall (1885-1987), que desde 1973 passou a pertencer à coleção permanente do Musée National Message Biblique Marc Chagall, em Nice, França. A questão a ser evocada, neste texto, é a ostensiva convocação estética da narrativa bíblica de Gênesis 22, 9-14 para o interior da referida tela. Parte-se da hipótese segundo a qual a tela em questão realiza um fenômeno da linguagem denominado por Roman Jakobson de tradução intersemiótica.
O tema da finitude em Paul Tillich e o filme The Age of Adaline
Authors: Gross Eduardo
Published: August 2017

O ser humano precisa reconhecer, racionalmente, a finitude como dimensão inescapável de sua existência. Entretanto, uma gama de símbolos culturais demonstra a dificuldade da aceitação da finitude. Tais símbolos apontam para uma pretensão de transcender esta dimensão. Paul Tillich é apresentado nesta exposição como pensador que lidou com esta dinâmica entre a finitude e o simbolismo de sua transcendência. Sua reflexão é colocada em diálogo com o filme The Age of Adaline, que manifesta, no âmbito da arte, uma proposta em relação ao caráter dramático desta relação conflituosa entre o reconhecimento dos limites humanos e a ânsia por superá-los.
Cinema, realismo e revelação: um diálogo com Paul Tillich e André Bazin
Authors: Santos Joe Marçal G
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os principais conceitos da teologia da arte de Paul Tillich, a fim de reconhecer possibilidades e/ou limites para uma abordagem teológica da arte cinematográfica baseada neste arcabouçou teórico. Destacaremos uma correlação entre a compreensão de Tillich do realismo na arte contemporânea e a teoria do cinema de André Bazin. Para esses autores, a autenticidade crítica e criativa da arte depende de sua relação temporal e espacial com o real, ainda que o faça de forma simbólica. A fim de desenvolver este estudo, em um primeiro momento, apresentaremos argumentos de Bazin a favor do realismo cinematográfico e, então, estabeleceremos conexões conceituais com Paul Tillich.
O DESCUMPRIMENTO DA LEI DO ACOMPANHANTE COMO AGRAVO À SAÚDE OBSTÉTRICA
Authors: Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Penna Lucia Helena Garcia , Pereira Audrey Vidal , Branco Maria Bertilla Lutterbach Riker , Souza Rosangela de Mattos Pereira de
Published: August 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a percepção das mulheres acerca do descumprimento da Lei do Acompanhante, com foco no seu direito constituído legalmente e nos sentimentos por elas vivenciados durante o parto e o nascimento. Método: pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados em quatro hospitais da Região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre janeiro e julho de 2014. Foram entrevistadas 56 mulheres internadas nos respectivos alojamentos conjuntos. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática para o tratamento das informações e das diretrizes das políticas públicas de humanização da assistência ao parto e nascimento, considerando a perspectiva dos direitos reprodutivos. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias temáticas: O desconhecimento das mulheres como influência no descumprimento da Lei do Acompanhante; e A Lei do Acompanhante como instrumento de segurança para as mulheres em processo de parturição. As entrevistadas relataram o descumprimento da citada Lei, pelas instituições de saúde e pelos profissionais durante o parto e nascimento, tornando esse momento permeado por sentimentos negativos resultantes de estresses, desgastes e tensões face ao desrespeito aos direitos reprodutivos do casal. Conclusão: a Lei do Acompanhante precisa ser melhor divulgada como direito reprodutivo do casal, garantindo a segurança do processo parturitivo e inibindo atos de violação em seus direitos.
INTRA- AND INTER-OBSERVER AGREEMENT IN THE AO AND GARNAVOS SYSTEMS FOR DIAPHYSEAL HUMERUS FRACTURE
Authors: Meriqui Neto Roberto , Masuda Rodrigo Yuzo , Utino Artur Yudi , Pierami Rafael , Matsunaga Fábio Teruo , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to compare inter- and intra-observer agreement using the Garnavos and AO/ASIF systems for classifying humeral diaphysis fractures . Methods: Eighty X-ray images taken of humeral diaphysis fractures in adult patients (age≥18 years) between January 2013 and September 2015 in the Radiology Department of Hospital São Paulo were selected for subsequent classification by five orthopedic surgeons with differing levels of experience. The images were examined at two different times and reproducibility analysis was evaluated using Fleiss’ kappa to verify intra- and inter-observer agreement . Results: High-level agreement was observed for both classification systems, but particularly for the AO/ASIF classification. Inter-observer evaluation yielded excellent levels of agreement for both classifications, but principally for the Garnavos classification . Conclusions: Good or excellent inter- and intra-observer agreement was seen for both the AO/ASIF and Garnavos classification systems. However, intra-observer agreement was higher for the AO/ASIF system and inter-observer agreement was higher for the Garnavos classification. Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a Diagnostic Examination.
Bond strength of a composite resin to glass ionomer cements using different adhesive systems
Authors: BECCI Ana Carolina de Oliveira , BENETTI Mônica de Souza , DOMINGUES Natália Bertolo , GIRO Elisa Maria Aparecida
Published: August 2017

Abstract Introduction Glass ionomer cements are often used as a base or cavity lining prior to restorative material. Objective To evaluate the bond strength of a composite resin to different glass ionomer cements, when using a two-step conventional and self-etching adhesive systems. Material and method Three glass ionomer cements (Ketac Molar Easymix, Vitremer and Vitrebond), the composite resin Filtek Z350 XT and the adhesive systems Adper Single Bond 2, Clearfil SE Bond and Adper Easy One were used. As negative control, resin was bonded to cement without using an adhesive system. Holes (4 mm diameter, 2 mm deep) prepared in acrilic bloks were filled with the glass ionomer cements (n=12/group). On the surface, an area of 1mm in diameter was delimited, the adhesive system was applied, and a specimen of composite resin with 1 mm height was made. After 24 hours storage (37 °C and 100% humidity), the microshear test was performed. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test for comparison between groups (α=0.05). Result The adhesive systems significantly improved the bond strenght of composite resin to glass ionomer cements (p≤0.001). There was no significant difference in bond strength when self-etching adhesive systems were compared with the simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive, except for Vitrebond where Clearfil SE Bond determined higher bond strength when compared to Adper Single Bond 2 (p=0.003). Conclusion Self-etching adhesive systems are a good option for establishing the bond between the composite resin and the glass ionomer cement.
Feminicídios na cidade de Porto Alegre: Quantos são? Quem são?
Authors: Margarites Ane Freitas , Meneghel Stela Nazareth , Ceccon Roger Flores
Published: August 2017

RESUMO: Objetivo: Quantificar e tipificar os feminicídios ocorridos no município de Porto Alegre entre 2006 e 2010. Métodos: Estudo transversal que identifica as características sociodemográficas das vítimas e dos agressores e as circunstâncias de mortes femininas por agressão obtidas em inquéritos policiais na cidade de Porto Alegre. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas por meio do software SPSS, versão 20.0, utilizando o teste χ2 e considerando significativo p<0,05. Resultados: Dos 89 inquéritos analisados, 64 mortes (72%) foram categorizadas como feminicídios. A maioria das vítimas era jovem, com baixa escolaridade e exercia ocupações pouco valorizadas socialmente. Elas tinham histórico de violências perpetradas por parceiro íntimo e um quarto delas havia registrado boletim de ocorrência policial. Conclusão: Esses dados indicam a magnitude desse crime e a necessidade de identificar situações de risco e prevenir desfechos letais.
Tendências da autoavaliação de saúde em relação ao excesso de peso na população adulta residente nas capitais do Centro-Oeste do Brasil
Authors: Souza Lúcia Stela Pessanha Lopes de , Brunken Gisela Soares , Segri Neuber José , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: August 2017

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar as tendências da autoavaliação de saúde em relação ao excesso de peso na população adulta residente nas capitais da região Centro-Oeste e no Distrito Federal. Método: Estudo transversal com população entre 20 e 59 anos, utilizando dados de inquéritos telefônicos de base populacional do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas (VIGITEL), realizados entre os anos de 2008 e 2014. As estimativas foram feitas considerando o planejamento amostral complexo, utilizando-se regressão linear simples, gráficos de tendência e Boxplot. Resultados: As categorias “ruim” e “muito ruim” não tiveram alteração no período analisado. Observou-se aumento médio de 0,5 ponto percentual para as categorias “regular” e “bom”, e diminuição média de 1,0 ponto percentual na categoria “muito bom”. Na análise de tendência das médias do índice de massa corporal, verificou-se aumento progressivo em todas as cidades. Nas piores percepções de saúde, constatou-se valores mais elevados do índice de massa corporal em ambos os sexos. Observou-se a existência de pessoas obesas autoavaliando sua saúde de maneira positiva. Conclusão: A autoavaliação de saúde se manteve relativamente constante enquanto o índice de massa corporal seguiu tendência crescente entre 2008 e 2014 nas capitais do Centro-Oeste e no Distrito Federal. A autoavaliação de saúde dos indivíduos com índice de massa corporal elevado (> 30 kg/m2) parece não ter relação direta com seu peso. É importante analisar a associação dessas duas variáveis, controlando-as por morbidades, comportamentos de saúde (etilismo e tabagismo, atividade física e alimentação) e fatores sociodemográficos.
Associação entre condições demográficas e socioeconômicas com a prática de exercícios e aptidão física em participantes de projetos comunitários com idade acima de 50 anos em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo
Authors: Trapé Átila Alexandre , Marques Renato Francisco Rodrigues , Lizzi Elisângela Aparecida da Silva , Yoshimura Fernando Eidi , Franco Laercio Joel , Zago Anderson Saranz
Published: August 2017

RESUMO: Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre condições demográficas e socioeconômicas com a aptidão física e a prática regular de exercícios físicos supervisionados em participantes de projetos comunitários, possibilitando investigar se a adoção de um estilo de vida ativo depende apenas da escolha pessoal ou sofre influência de fatores socioeconômicos. Métodos: 213 indivíduos com idades acima de 50 anos com informações sobre condição socioeconômica (idade, sexo, escolaridade/anos de estudos e renda); nível habitual de atividade física; e aptidão física por meio de testes motores que permitiram o cálculo do Índice de Aptidão Funcional Geral (IAFG). Resultados: O modelo linear generalizado de comparação de grupos evidenciou que os participantes classificados nos grupos de IAFG mais elevado (bom e muito bom) apresentaram maiores escolaridade e renda (p < 0,05). O modelo de regressão linear complementa a análise anterior, evidenciando a magnitude da modificação da pontuação do IAFG na associação com os anos de estudos (grupo ≥ 15), a renda (todos os grupos) e a idade (p < 0,05). Pela Análise de Variância, verificou-se diferença entre os grupos e, com isso, associação entre maior tempo de prática de exercícios (> 6 meses) com a escolaridade e a renda; entre os grupos com prática de exercícios igual ou superior a seis meses, o grupo supervisionado apresentou os melhores resultados no IAFG (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A associação entre as variáveis fortalece a hipótese de que a adesão e manutenção da prática de exercícios podem não ser dependentes apenas da escolha do indivíduo, mas também de fatores socioeconômicos que podem influenciar a escolha pelo estilo de vida ativo.
Habilidade de Comunicação da Má Notícia: o Estudante de Medicina Está Preparado?
Authors: Sombra Neto Luis Lopes , Silva Vanessa Lauanna Lima , Lima Carolina Dornellas Costa , Moura Hannah Torres de Melo , Gonçalves Ana Luiza Mapurunga , Pires Adriana Pinheiro Bezerra , Fernandes Veruska Gondim
Published: August 2017

RESUMO Nas últimas duas décadas, ocorreram mudanças curriculares nos cursos de Medicina com o objetivo de formar profissionais humanizados e capazes de atender às demandas atuais. No contexto desse novo modelo, ressalta-se a importância do ensino de comunicação da má notícia na graduação, habilitando acadêmicos a atuar de maneira empática e eficiente. O conteúdo carregado de emoção reforça a necessidade de o médico se preparar adequadamente para saber lidar com as reações dos pacientes e com os próprios sentimentos. Este artigo é um estudo transversal que avaliou, por meio de checklist, a habilidade de comunicação da má notícia apresentada por acadêmicos de Medicina do ciclo pré-clínico em prova prática no modelo Objective Structured Clinical Examination (Osce). Foram avaliados 119 alunos do quarto semestre do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Fortaleza, dos quais 67% obtiveram desempenho global superior ou igual a 90%. A maior dificuldade observada foi em realizar um “anúncio breve” do problema ao transmitir a má notícia, com 35,3% de erro. Em contrapartida, os estudantes foram eficazes em não “dourar a pílula” ao comunicarem o diagnóstico, quesito que obteve índice absoluto de acertos. Além disso, foi analisada a capacidade dos alunos em identificar a influência dos sintomas na vida do paciente, por meio dos estágios do luto de Kübler-Ross e da escala de desempenho clínico Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (Ecog), obtendo uma porcentagem de acertos de 84,1%. Embora o desempenho global tenha sido avaliado como excelente, estudantes de Medicina do ciclo pré-clínico mostram-se hesitantes em suas primeiras consultas e no primeiro contato com os pacientes, em especial naqueles de forte conteúdo emocional, fato que ficou evidente ao se identificarem as principais falhas cometidas pelos discentes durante a prova prática de comunicação da má notícia. Dessa forma, com o intuito de aprimorar essa habilidade tão importante para a prática médica, reforça-se o uso de nossas experiências de ensino-aprendizagem, como pacientes atores, treinamento entre os pares, abordagem de protocolos padronizados e reflexões acerca da importância dessas estratégias no ensino da má notícia.
Hydroponic cultivation of Physalis angulata L.: growth and production under nitrogen doses1
Authors: Leite Romeu da Silva , Tanan Tamara Torres , Nascimento Marilza Neves do , Oliveira Lenaldo Muniz de , Abreu Pedro Alcantara da Silva
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The Physalis angulata L. species has attracted interest due to the production of compounds with pharmacological activity and its potential for fruiticulture. Given that it is a fast-growing and highly productive species, determining the most adequate nitrogen (N) doses could contribute to higher crop yields. This study aimed at assessing the influence of N concentrations, in a hydroponic system, on the growth and production of P. angulata, as well as determining the critical N level in leaves. The experiment was conducted in individual pots with nutrient solutions, applying a completely randomized design and twelve replications, using five N doses (0 mg L-1, 56 mg L-1, 112 mg L-1, 168 mg L-1 and 224 mg L-1). Growth and production indices, amount of total N on leaves and stems and critical N levels were assessed. The increase of N doses in the nutrient solution influenced plant growth and fruit production, as well as the accumulation of total N in the leaves and stems. Based on the maximum economic yield, a dose of 162 mg L-1 of N is recommended for hydroponics, which provided a fruit yield of 7.27 g m-2 and critical total N level in leaves of 51.98 g kg-1.
Latinos 'versus' Anglo-Saxões: projeções identitárias nos relatos de viagem de hispano-americanos pelos Estados Unidos no século XIX
Authors: Franco Stella Maris Scatena
Published: August 2017

Resumo Este artigo procura analisar aspectos da construção da identidade latino-americana no século XIX, defendendo que este processo se apoiou numa oposição entre uma idealizada particularidade que vigoraria entre os povos de origem latina, especialmente os hispano-americanos, e uma também imaginada visão sobre o caráter anglo-saxão, que seria marcante entre os estadunidenses. Esta oposição, muito estudada no contexto de finais do século XIX, já estava presente nos primórdios deste mesmo século, tendo ganho, ao longo do tempo, contornos particulares de acordo com os atores e as conjunturas específicas. Os relatos de viagem - principais fontes utilizadas neste artigo - foram fundamentais para a circulação, apropriação e seleção dessas concepções.
Flora da Reserva Biológica Guaribas, PB, Brasil: Boraginaceae
Authors: Melo José Iranildo Miranda de , Vieira Diego Daltro
Published: August 2017

RESUMO Este trabalho consiste no levantamento taxonômico de Boraginaceae para a Reserva Biológica (REBIO) Guaribas, Paraíba, Brasil. Foram registradas seis espécies em quatro gêneros: Cordia nodosa Lam., C. superba Cham., Euploca procumbens (Mill.) Diane & Hilger, Myriopus candidulus (Miers) Feuillet, M. rubicundus (Salzm. ex DC.) Luebert e Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi. Uma chave para a separação das espécies, além de descrições e ilustrações foram elaboradas. Também são fornecidos dados sobre o período de floração e frutificação e de habitats para as espécies.
Oomycetes (Oomycota) from Maranhão State, Brazil1
Authors: Silva Janete Barros da , Rocha José de Ribamar de Sousa
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT This study aimed at enhancing the knowledge on the diversity and distribution of Oomycetes within Parque Natural Municipal Lagoa do Sambico, in Timon municipality, Maranhão State, Brazil as well as their geographical distribution in Brazil as a whole. Of the 98 isolates, 16 were identified as Oomycetes, which belong to six families: Achlyaceae, Leptolegniellaceae s. lat., Pythiaceae s. lat., Olpidiopsidaceae s. lat., Saprolegniaceae s. str. and Verrucalvaceae. We report herewith the first records of Olpidiopsis aphanomycis Cornu and Saprolegnia luxurians (Bhargava & G.C. Srivast) R.L. Seym. for Brazil, as well as Achlya aff. diffusa J.V. Harv. ex T.W. Johnson, Achlya proliferoides Coker, Aphanomyces helicoides Minden, Aplanopsis terrestris Höhnk, Dictyuchus monosporus Leitg., Globisporangium proliferum (Cornu) P.M. Kirk, and Pythiogeton uniforme A. Lund for the State of Maranhão.
As espécies brasileiras endêmicas de Campylopus Brid. (Bryophyta) estão ameaçadas? Uma análise usando modelagem para avaliar os seus estados de conservação
Authors: Inácio-Silva Marcela , Carmo Dimas Marchi do , Peralta Denilson Fernandes
Published: August 2017

RESUMO Trinta 30 das 65 espécies neotropicais do gênero Campylopus Brid. (Bryophyta, Leucobryaceae) ocorrem amplamente distribuídas no Brasil. Portanto, identificar os fatores ambientais que afetam a distribuição dessas espécies é essencial para prever o futuro e o padrão de distribuição e avaliar o estado de conservação do gênero. Usando o software DIVA-GIS, os mapas de distribuição para as espécies foram elaborados a partir de 118 pontos de ocorrência. Os dados foram aplicados em uma análise de modelagem preditiva de áreas com as melhores condições climáticas para o estabelecimento das espécies endêmicas brasileiras analisadas de Campylopus (C. dichrostis, C. fragilis, C. gatro-alaris, C. gemmatus, C. julicaulis, C. subcuspidatus, C. thwaitesii, C. uleanus e C. widgrenii). As variáveis climáticas foram obtidas do Worldclim (resolução 2,5 min.). Como resultado, a modelagem preditiva atual indicou a preferência pelo Cerrado e pela Mata Atlântica. Considerando um cenário futuro de aquecimento global, a modelagem sugere uma diminuição nas áreas favoráveis à ocorrência de espécies de Campylopus.
Crossrail project to deliver London’s Elizabeth line: the parliamentary bill process
Authors: Bennett Simon
Published: August 2017

The Crossrail programme to deliver the Elizabeth line east–west railway across London, UK, was authorised by the Crossrail Act 2008. It was the culmination of 6 years of planning and development work by an organisation called Cross London Rail Links, which was created for the purpose as a joint venture between the Strategic Rail Authority (succeeded by the Department for Transport) and Transport for London. This paper explains the process of obtaining authorisation for the £14·8 billion project through a hybrid parliamentary bill process.
BDS technical tour 1 – British Dam Society 19th biennial conference – Lancaster
Authors: Shakespeare Stephen
Published: August 2017

Tour 1, made up of 42 delegates from the conference, headed for the Moorlands of Lancashire. The tour was led by Dr Andy Hughes (Atkins) and Dr Chris Parks (United Utilities), who had a wealth of local knowledge on the area and dams which were to be the main feature of the Moorlands tour. Andy and Chris were supported throughout the tour by other representatives from United Utilities who accompanied the group on the visit.
Civil engineering heritage: country profile – Belgium
Authors: Espion Bernard , Engels Robin , Provost Michel
Published: August 2017

This paper is a review of the civil engineering heritage of Belgium, one of the series of country profiles being published by Engineering History and Heritage. It is presented under four headings: ‘Belgium’s major civil engineering achievements’, ‘National and regional recognition of engineering heritage’, ‘Exemplar conservation of engineering structures’ and ‘Information sources for engineering heritage’. This profile discusses engineering structures of heritage importance, including the following, all built before 1945: several canals (in chronological order: from Brussels to the Rupel; from Pommerœl to Antoing; from Charleroi to Brussels; the Centre canal, with its four hydraulic boat lifts; the Albert canal, from Liège to Antwerp, with its Vierendeel all welded bridges); the Palace of Justice in Brussels; the Gileppe dam; the forts of Meuse River; the Mativa footbridge in Liège; the hall of exhibitions Palais 5 in Brussels; and the first prestressed concrete railway bridge project in the world. The profile lists organisations in Belgium active in helping conserve its engineering heritage, including the Flemish Association for Industrial Archaeology, Museum of Industry, Work and Textiles, Patrimoine Industriel Wallonie-Bruxelles and BruxellesFabriques/BrusselFabriek, and concludes with a short list of sources of information allowing the reader to find further information about Belgium’s civil engineering heritage.
Uses and perceived benefits of two Latin-American linear parks
Authors: Faggi Ana , Vidal Claudia Zuleyka
Published: August 2017

Two linear parks in the cities of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Palmira (Colombia) were analysed in terms of their use, meaning and benefit, to highlight their difference and similarities to those in other cities. A conceptual model was tested with park users to find their main reasons for using it. The principal finding is that the linear parks studied were used mainly as a commuting route, and they also have a range of other uses. This allows a range of proposals, for both design, management, quality and other related features.
A presença da noite na literatura agrária romana: os casos do livro III das Geórgicas de Virgílio e do livro VI do De re rustica de Lúcio Júnio Moderato Columela
Authors: Trevizam Matheus
Published: August 2017

Neste artigo, desejamos comentar pontos em relação com a noite e seus elementos no livro III das Geórgicas de Virgílio e no livro VI do De re rustica de Columela. Assim, elementos noturnos aparecem nas duas partes dessas obras, com o significado de uma porção da jornada diária ou como sinal da proximidade do homem rústico com a natureza. Mas Columela tende a concentrar-se no primeiro aspecto citado e a não ser tão imagético (nem mítico), enquanto Virgílio, por ocupar-se de uma obra de poesia, explora mais os efeitos de imaginação possíveis.
Vikram Chandra's constant journey : swallowing the World
Authors: Sales Salvador Dora
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this paper is to account for the challenging hybridity and in-betweenness that derives from the presence of non-Western traces in contemporary fiction written in a global language. Among the huge and ever-growing group of the so-called "new literatures in English", the focus will be placed on Vikram Chandra's novel Red Earth and Pouring Rain (1995). This Indian author, who lives between Bombay and Washington, is a real master when it comes to fictionalized oral storytelling, echoing the traditional Indian epics -the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. It is no wonder, then, that Chandra would define himself as a storyteller. The generic shaping of a text tends to voice the ontological conception of literature that an author has, as it is the case with Chandra's transcultural narrative. His work, delineated on the borders between oral rite and written fiction, displays an intersystemic dialogue in which literature becomes a space of intercultural communication, an endless journey.
"My father's daughter" : Deborah Milton's biography of silence
Authors: Sánchez Palencia Carazo Carolina , Almagro Manuel
Published: August 2017

In The Tree of Knowledge (1990) Eva Figes re-creates the life of John Milton's daughter, Deborah, who, due to the poet's blindness, became the actual "hand" of the author. At the end of her life she gives us an alternative vision of the poet both as father and writer in a narrative which, as opposed to the centrality of Milton's narratives, concentrates upon the marginal aspects of everyday life. Thus, in Figes's novel the "grand narrative" constituted by Milton and his work is displaced by Deborah's "petite histoire", which paradigmatically exemplifies the role women have been assigned in History. That displacement of one narrative by another is in itself an occasion to re-consider the validity and the culturality of our notions of historical relevance.
Michael Ondaatje's "Rat Jelly" and the poetics of ambivalence
Authors: Solecki Sam Z.
Published: August 2017

Michael Ondaatje's second collection of poems, Rat Jelly (1973), is a crucial transitional work that simultaneously consolidates the early promise and achievement of The Dainty Monsters (1967) and The Collected Works of Billy the Kid (1969), articulates Ondaatje's early poetics in a handful of ambitious, sometimes almost allegorical lyrics, and in two of its poems,'Letters and Other Worlds' and 'Burning Hills,' anticipates Ondaatje's turn in the late 1970s and early 1980s towards his Sri Lankan past as a central concern in his poetry and prose. Though the collection contains some of Ondaatje's finest lyrics, it also marks the end of what might be called the modernist phase of his development as a poet, the phase in which one might still hear echoes of Edwin Muir or Wallace Stevens.
Unrealiable selves in an unreliable World : the multiple projections of the hero in Kazuo Ishiguro's "The Unconsoled"
Authors: Villar Flor Carlos
Published: August 2017

The Unconsoled (1995), Ishiguro's fourth novel, was received with some perplexity by critics who formerly praised the author's controlled "Jamesian" realism. However dissimilar this "Kafkaesque" novel may seem in comparison with the previous three, it can be regarded as a further step in the development of one of Ishiguro's major fictional interests: the way an unreliable first-person narrator introduces characters who might be understood as extensions or projections of himself. While Ishiguro's first three novels could be said to deploy unreliable narrators who try to revisit their past and overlook their mistakes by using self-deceiving rhetoric, a sort of oneiric unreliability constitutes the general framework of The Unconsoled. This article comments on the implications of such a fictional technique and analyses those characters that may work as projections of the narrator's persona, embodying his anxieties and traumas with special emphasis on those stemming from lack of communication and parental neglect.
"En Route" : narratives of travel and displacement in contemporary Canadian writing
Authors: Carmona Rodríguez Pedro
Published: August 2017

From a fictional as well as a theoretical point of view, the present interest in travel is a consequence of the increasing relevance of postcolonial discourses and the ongoing processes of cultural transference and globalisation. These phenomena have resulted in a re-conceptualisation of notions of identity, location, place and site, which foster, in turn, the rethinking of terms like home, margin and periphery. Most of these have been targeted by post-structuralist and postcolonial theories in their attempt at disrupting unified and imperialist conceptions of subjectivity and place. In Canadian fiction, the abiding relativism affecting notions of culture and nation elaborated on binary pairs is laid bare by physical and metaphorical displacement. This paper examines the arena of de/re-territorialisation provided by travel and displacement in a number of Canadian fictions. Many contemporary Canadian narratives are cohesively joined by the recurrent motifs of travel and displacement, paralleling the geographical movement to a re-organisation of identity paradigms at personal, cultural and national levels. Hence, the sample of Canadian writing presented here exhibits a concern with journeying as destabilization of unified subjectivity, mirroring, in this way, much of the debate of contemporary theory
Metaphor, metonymy and image-schemas : an analysis of conceptual interaction patterns
Authors: Díez Velasco Olga Isabel
Published: August 2017

In Cognitive Linguistics the study of conceptual interaction has attracted the attention of many scholars. Analyses have primarily focused on the role of image-schemas in the construction of metaphors and on the types of interplay that can take place between metaphor and metonymy. In this paper, we examine the role three image-schemas (namely, the CONTAINER, PART/WHOLE and EXCESS schemas) play in conceptual interaction, especially in relation to metonymy. Our analysis reveals that image-schemas have two basic functions: they structure the relationship that exists between the source and target domain of a metonymic mapping and they provide the axiological value of an expression. Finally, we discuss that the pervasiness of image-schematic structure in conceptual interaction between metaphor and metonymy
To glow with bright colours : Jimmy Gatz's trip to Oz
Authors: Duffy Dennis
Published: August 2017

L. Frank Baum's The wonderful wizard of Oz (1900) could have furnished F. Scott Fitzgerald with a matrix of imagery and thematic for his The Great Gatsby (1925). The children's classic had sold widely and even been dramatized during Fitzgerald's childhood. Its emphasis on the greenness of the Emerald City foretells the role played by the colour green in Fitzgerald's novel. Baum's relentless optimism offers a foil to the profoundly tragic vision of the novelist; his title figure (also from the American Midwest) resembles Gatsby in his fraudulence. The shallowness of material fulfilment had preoccupied Fitzgerald since "The Diamond as Big as the Ritz" (1921). Gatsby enriched that vision. Could Wizard have furnished him with a network of imagery?
Complex structures in Role and Reference Grammar : some problematic cases
Authors: Ortigosa Pastor Ana
Published: August 2017

This paper addresses the issue of complex structures in the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin and LaPolla, 1997). These authors establish an explicit and clear-cut typology of complex constructions for English highlighting the role of operators (modality, aspect, tense, etc.). However, after analyzing a 1000-example corpus, several cases will turn out to be quite ambiguous and not so definite as regards clausal selection. Consequently, such examples will prove that the boundaries between complex structures as established by Van Valin and LaPolla (1997) cannot be considered as so limited and precise, and that they will usually have need of a more detailed account drawing evidence from other theoretical grounds
The emotional control metaphors
Authors: Pérez Rull Juan Carmelo
Published: August 2017

In this paper we are concerned with the metaphors capturing the aspect of control. Emotion is conceptualized as a force inside the person that can exert pressure on him or her and the person, in turn, is seen as an entity exerting a counterforce in an attempt to control that force. The control aspect of emotion concepts is highlighted by several metaphors. The metaphorical source domains that focus on this aspect include: FLUIDS UNDER PRESSURE, OBJECTS, OPPONENTS, CAPTIVE ANIMALS, NATURAL FORCES, INSANITY, INTOXICATION, SUPERIORS, BEING ON THE GROUND, REDUCING THE TEMPERATURE. In this way we draw our attention to the metaphors converging in the stages two and three of the five-stage scenario: attempt at control and loss of control