bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acción pública y sistema penal: críticas a la justicia punitiva
Authors: Álvarez Brunel Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

Me interesa traer al debate el tema del sistema penal, como un orden que ha borrado la participación de múltiples actores, entre ellos las víctimas, para poner en el centro de las decisiones al Estado, y al “delincuente” como receptor pasivo del peso de la ley y las políticas que se efectúan para “corregirlo”.
La importancia del aprendizaje colaborativo en la educación superior
Authors: Álvarez Olivas Vania Carolina
Published: October 2024

El aprendizaje colaborativo es una herramienta pedagógica muy importante para mejorar las capacidades cognitivas, puesto que el tipo de interacción que promueve, resulta esencial para nuestro aprendizaje, al igual que para nuestro desarrollo intelectual.
Ricardo Melgar Bao
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: October 2024

Pecupero en esta entrega del Baúl, un chispeante texto del inolvidable Ricardo Melgar Bao, fallecido recientemente y a quien Cuadernos Fronterizos le rinde justo homenaje en este número.
El pin parental
Authors: Camarillo Jesús
Published: October 2024

Planteado originalmente en España por el partido de extrema derecha “Vox”, el llamado PIN Parental llegó a México y empezó a discutirse en algunas entidades del país. Se espera que en breve lapso sea sometido a la discusión en el Congreso de Chihuahua...
Esquirlas etnográficas
Authors: Gutiérrez Alfonzo Carlos
Published: October 2024

Puebla fue la ciudad donde las comisiones científicas de México y Guatemala firmaron documentos en los que quedó marcada la línea que habría de dividir a ambos países.
Los ojos redondos de Enrique
Authors: Jaramillo Héctor
Published: October 2024

Cuando escucho su nombre, Enrique, me aparece una escena, siempre la misma. Entro por primera vez a su cuarto en su casa familiar. Enrique sentado (¿acostado?) en su cama, con los pies en el suelo y la cabeza en una almohada contra la pared, leyendo. Ahora que lo pienso, esa posición en la cama leyendo, muy de él, haría complicado levantarse de un solo impulso, pero él lo hizo. En cuanto abrí su puerta, pasó de una persona acostada en la cama, leyendo, a una persona recibiéndome de pie. Pienso en un colibrí, que dicen que levitan, pues las puras alas serían incapaces de sostenerlo en el aire.
Para Enrique Alberto Servín Herrera, mi adorado Pëpitilitikng
Authors: Servín Herrera Gabriela
Published: October 2024

No puedo más que dar gracias a la vida por haberme permitido ser tu hermana. Pepo, el segundo de la familia, y yo la cuarta, tu hermanita Höpitilitikng, como amorosamente me decías
Diagnóstico educativo basado en satisfacción de estudiantes y docentes universitarios: una propuesta de enfoque mixto
Authors: Pérez Vargas Norge Luis , González-Quiñones Fidel
Published: October 2024

Se presenta una propuesta para realizar una parte del diagnóstico educativo conocida como evaluación de la satisfacción en estudiantes y docentes de una institución educativa. La propuesta utiliza un instrumento de medición cuantitativo validado con anterioridad y se complementa con la realización de grupos focales para generar un estudio de caso con enfoque metodológico mixto. Los resultados permiten establecer comparaciones y muestran similitudes entre los datos obtenidos de forma cuantitativa como los obtenidos de forma cualitativa, identificando las fortalezas y debilidades del programa educativo analizado desde las percepciones de estudiantes y docentes. Finalmente se señala la importancia de poner estos estudios en manos de quienes toman las decisiones administrativas para realizar acciones prácticas que capitalicen las fortalezas y combatan las debilidades diagnosticadas.
Estados Unidos: elecciones de 2020
Authors: Álvarez Iván
Published: October 2024

El año de la pandemia fue el principio del fin para Donald Trump. Después de cuatro años de insistir en la división gente/ élite corrupta, que difundió profusamente el presidente estadounidense, proponerse como defensor de las personas no impidió su derrota en las urnas el pasado mes de noviembre.
El personaje homosexual en El vampiro de la colonia Roma y en Hacia las luces del norte
Authors: Muñoz Rubio Cristian Alexis
Published: October 2024

Esta investigación tiene por objeto comparar la construcción de la identidad homosexual en dos novelas mexicanas: una publicada en 1979, El vampiro de la colonia Roma de Luis Zapata, y otra en 2018, Hacia las luces del norte de Ángel Valenzuela. Analizo cómo la literatura mexicana ha dado un salto de un siglo a otro en materia de diversidad sexual y, junto con fuentes secundarias, trato de identificar las zonas de diferencia y similitud que presentan ambas obras. El cometido principal de la investigación es, por tanto, el significado temporal que la literatura mexicana le ha dado al sujeto gay durante ciertos periodos.
Innovación y participación social efectiva: requisitos para el escenario posCOVID-19
Authors: Cazorla Palomo Josep , Lorenzo-Aparicio Andrés
Published: October 2024

El COVID-19 nos sitúa en un escenario que requiere de nuevas respuestas. Sus consecuencias abarcan prácticamente todas las áreas de la vida de las personas, lo cual pone en jaque desde aspectos macroestructurales del propio sistema capitalista hasta mecanismos psicológicos de las familias y sus miembros.
Evolution of a buried moat–drift system in the Ewing Terrace uncovering highly dynamic bottom currents at the Argentine margin from the early Oligocene to middle Miocene
Authors: Unland Ellen , Miramontes Elda , Spiess Volkhard , Bozzano Graziella , Kasten Sabine , Schwenk Tilmann
Published: October 2024

The Ewing Terrace is a relatively flat surface formed by the action of bottom currents and part of a contourite depositional system (CDS) at the Argentine continental slope. It is situated in a highly complex oceanographic setting at the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence Zone. Located in water depths of ∼ 1000–1200 m and incised by the Mar del Plata Canyon, the Ewing Terrace is separated into the Northern Ewing Terrace (NET) and the Southern Ewing Terrace (SET). The long-term variations in ocean circulation led to a complex internal architecture of the terrace. As a result, this region represents a unique archive for studying sedimentary features that were eroded, transported, and deposited by along-slope and down-slope processes.

An in-depth data analysis of high-resolution multichannel seismic profiles exhibits a complex sequence of erosional and depositional contouritic features, namely buried moat–drift systems identified in depths of ∼ 370–750 m below the seafloor. They are arranged in migrating sequences and clustered in the early Oligocene to middle Miocene. This pattern is probably attributable to the vertical shift of water masses and to a highly dynamic oceanographic setting with spatial changes influenced by the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence Zone over this particular geological time.

The moat–drift systems reveal significant lateral changes from north to south. In the southern area of the SET the moats are constructional and the associated separated mounded drifts are well developed. In contrast, the northern area exhibits two types of moats, reminiscent of cut-and-fill structures that mirror the significant and rapid changes in bottom-current dynamics.

With these new insights, this study contributes to a better understanding of moat–drift systems and improves the knowledge about past oceanographic dynamics and sediment deposition at the northern Argentine margin.
SOURCES OF MAGMAS OF PERMIAN GABBROS OF THE KHANGAI MOUNTAINS (Western Mongolia)
Authors: Shapovalova M.O. , Shelepaev R.A. , Turkina O.M. , Vesnin V.S. , Izokh A.E. , Tolstykh N.D.
Published: October 2024

We present Sm–Nd and Rb–Sr isotope composition data on mafic–ultramafic massifs in the Khangai Mountains of Western Mongolia: Oortsog-Uul, Nomgon, and Yamaat-Uul. The U–Pb age of zircon and its Lu–Hf isotope and trace-element compositions were determined by LA–ICP–MS. New and previous geochronological data obtained by SIMS and LA–ICP–MS support the Permian age of the studied gabbros. The trace-element composition of zircon, characterized by strong HREE enrichment ((Lu/Gd)n > 7) and cerium positive (Ce/Ce* > 6.6) and europium negative (Eu/Eu* = 0.16–0.49) anomalies, indicates its magmatic genesis and the possibility of using isotope characteristics to assess the origin of mafic magmas. The formation of zircon from a residual mafic melt is inferred from the enrichment of zircon in U and Th with increasing Th/U, reflecting the accumulation of these highly incompatible elements in the residual melt, and from the crystallization temperature of zircon (810–880 °С). The geochemical characteristics of the rocks, their isotopic composition, the absence of xenogenic ancient zircons, and the lack of correlation between εNd(T) and major indices of crustal contamination indicate that crustal contamination did not influence the composition of the gabbros. Isotopic data on rocks and zircon indicate the involvement of two mantle sources in the formation of the mafic–ultramafic massifs of the Khangai Mountains: (a) depleted, predominant for the Nomgon and Yamaat-Uul massifs (εHf = 16.1–2.0; εNd = 4.5–0.0; and ISr = 0.70385–0.70537), and (b) enriched, predominant for the second phase of the Oortsog-Uul massif (εHf = 1.4–0.2; εNd = –3.6… –5.7; and ISr = 0.70704–0.70933).
EVIDENCE OF EXTREME REDOX VARIATIONS IN SUBDUCTION-ZONE DIAMOND
Authors: Shatsky V.S. , Ragozin A.L. , Kupriyanov I.N. , Kalinina V.V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents new data on multiphase inclusions in two diamonds sampled from placers in the northeastern Siberian craton. Diamond HLS-4 is a round variety V crystal containing a multiphase mineral inclusion with more or less strongly oxidized iron carbides and moissanite in one part and calcite and iron oxides in another part. Another sample, HI-180, is a partly dissolved yellow cuboid that hosts a multiphase inclusion and numerous submicrometer inclusions delineating the crystal zoning. Sample HI-180 is deformed, with cracks and cavities up to 200 μm in size exposed in a polished section. The submicrometer inclusions plot in the field of microinclusions in fibrous diamonds from the world database, mostly near the silicic corner. They must have a hydrous composition, judging by the water-carbonate ratio of H2O/(H2O + CO2) = 0.80–0.82 estimated from FTIR data. The multiphase inclusion consists of quartz, Fe-armalcolite, anatase, and diamond grains in an amorphous matrix, as well as moissanite and calcite detected by SEM-EDS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. One diamond grain in the inclusion, in turn, encloses moissanite. The coexistence of calcite and moissanite in multiphase inclusions is evidence that cracks were fully healed up under extreme redox variations, possibly, during diamond growth in a subduction setting.
El papel de las funciones esenciales de salud pública en los sistemas de salud
Authors: Moya-Medina José , Finkelman Jacobo , Molina-Leza Joaquín
Published: October 2024

Objetivo. Revisar la importancia de las funciones esenciales de la salud pública (FESP) rescatando su rol para el ejercicio de la rectoría en salud y la respuesta del Estado para preservar la salud y el bienestar de toda la población. Material y métodos. Se revisaron las diferentes versiones sobre las FESP publicadas inicialmente por el Centro de Control de Enfermedades (CDC), por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la versión de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) del año 2000, para finalmente presentar la nueva versión de las FESP lanzadas por la OPS en diciembre de 2020. Resultados. Las diferentes versiones de las FESP han estado dirigidas a posicionar la importancia de la salud pública considerando contextos de reformas sectoriales. Durante dos décadas las FESP en la Región de las Américas han sido parte de los debates nacionales y su medición ha logrado mejoras significativas en los sistemas de salud. La versión renovada de las FESP busca darle una mayor fortaleza a los países para enfrentar nuevos desafíos de la salud pública. Conclusiones. Las FESP tienen un rol trascendental en posicionar la salud pública como deber del Estado en el ámbito central, estatal y local.
Formación de profesionales en salud pública para fortalecer el sistema de salud: la ESPM
Authors: Hernández-Prado Bernardo , Nava-Amaya Minerva , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los principales retos y oportunidades de la formación de profesionales de la salud pública para fortalecer el sistema público de salud e implantar un nuevo modelo de atención en México. En este artículo se describe cómo la renovación del sistema público de salud en México presenta retos y oportunidades para la formación de sanitaristas. Se discute la utilización de nuevos enfoques en la educación en salud pública, utilizando como ejemplo la implantación de un enfoque constructivista por competencias en la Escuela de Salud Pública de México/Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (ESPM/INSP). La implementación de un nuevo sistema de salud pública en México requiere de competencias esenciales y específicas entre las y los profesionales. Para el desarrollo de estas competencias será necesario el desarrollo de modelos innovadores, aumentar la vinculación entre la investigación y la docencia en la enseñanza de la salud pública y emplear enfoques trans y multidisciplinarios, buscando un mayor énfasis en la práctica y una reducción en la escolarización de los programas educativos, el desarrollo de competencias transversales, aspectos éticos y de género y una evaluación de estos nuevos modelos educativos.
La calidad de la atención como eje de los sistemas de salud
Authors: Saturno-Hernández Pedro Jesús
Published: October 2024

La salud de la población, para lo cual debe existir acceso universal a servicios con calidad. Existe abundante evidencia de que tener acceso es insuficiente para obtener buenos resultados en salud. Sólo por esta razón, la gestión y mejora de la calidad debería ser un componente nuclear del sistema de salud. De hecho, el “acceso equitativo a servicios de salud integrales y de calidad” es una función esencial de la salud pública (FESP). Otros argumentos menos conocidos, pero igualmente fundamentados en evidencia, son su característica como determinante social de la salud, y su contribución a la sostenibilidad del sistema, y a la seguridad y resiliencia en situaciones extraordinarias. Para hacer operativo el necesario enfoque en calidad, se propone un sistema de gestión de la calidad integral y sistémico (SGCIS), que incluya, entre otras cosas, todos los servicios y todos los niveles de responsabilidad, bajo una definición multidimensional de la calidad. La implementación conjunta del modelo MAS-Bienestar y el Servicio Nacional de Salud Pública, base de la transformación actual del sistema de salud mexicano, brinda la oportunidad para estructurar y visualizar la contribución de un SGCIS.
La atención primaria como eje del sistema nacional de salud
Authors: Reyes-Morales Hortensia , García-Peña María del Carmen , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo
Published: October 2024

El sistema de salud mexicano es motivo frecuente de debate y discusión académica y política. En un contexto de inequidad, rezago social, necesidades de salud crecientes y un proceso de envejecimiento acelerado, es indispensable reconsiderar la estructura del sistema de salud en México. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los conceptos actuales de la atención primaria, algunos elementos del sistema de salud y algunas consideraciones para su implementación. Reino Unido presentó por primera vez el concepto de atención primaria a la salud (APS) en 1920. Desde entonces, diversos reportes internacionales han colocado el tema como prioritario. La Conferencia Mundial sobre APS de 2018 renueva el compromiso político, enfatiza el papel central de la APS en todo el mundo y ubica a la APS como el nivel del sistema de salud que coordina la respuesta de todos los niveles de atención. En ese sentido, la salud pública, con su enfoque poblacional, se enlaza en diferentes dimensiones con la atención primaria en su enfoque individual, las cuales no deberían ser vistas como estrategias contradictorias sino complementarias. El sistema de salud en México inicia una nueva reformulación de estrategias para alcanzar la tan ansiada universalidad. Es indispensable que los dilemas que se enfrentan para lograrlo se resuelvan para conseguir una reorientación hacia la atención primaria a la salud como la más importante perspectiva para lograr el mayor nivel de salud posible de toda la población.
Desigualdades socioterritoriales y defunciones por Covid-19 en la Ciudad de México
Authors: López-Arellano Oliva , Bañuelos-Moreno Manuel , Moreno-Altamirano Alejandra , López-Moreno Sergio , Garrido-Latorre Francisco
Published: October 2024

Objetivo. Estimar el riesgo de morir por SARS-CoV-2 en el periodo febrero de 2020 a junio de 2022, en función de las desigualdades socioterritoriales existentes en la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo de los datos de defunciones por SARS-CoV-2 en la población de la Ciudad de México entre febrero de 2020 y junio de 2022, según la colonia de residencia clasificada en muy bajo, bajo, medio, alto y muy alto desarrollo social, a partir del Índice de Desarrollo Social (IDS) propuesto por el Consejo de Evaluación de la Ciudad de México. Resultados. Las defunciones por Covid-19 en las colonias con muy bajo y bajo desarrollo social representaron casi la mitad de los fallecimientos. La población residente en los territorios con peores condiciones socioterritoriales falleció, en promedio, 10 años más joven que la del estrato con mejor IDS. Conclusiones. Las diferencias en el riesgo de morir por SARS-CoV-2 se asociaron a las condiciones socioterritoriales en las que residía la población fallecida. El riesgo de muerte por SARS-CoV-2 fue más alto para las personas residentes en colonias con muy bajo y bajo IDS. Estas diferencias se redujeron a partir de la tercera ola, lo que posiblemente se deba al inicio de la vacunación masiva en la Ciudad de México.
Environmental impact of conventional manufacturing, green manufacturing initiatives to mitigate the impact and enhancing sustainability
Authors: Jena Madhab Chandra , mishra sarat , moharana himanshu
Published: October 2024

The thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the environmental impacts associated with the lifecycle of products, highlighting the need for sustainable practices and responsible consumption. The study focuses on evaluating the environmental impact of manufacturing processes and exploring the benefits of green manufacturing through a case study conducted at a gravure printing factory. By assessing environmental impacts across various phases of the printing process and proposing green initiatives, the research aims to promote sustainable manufacturing practices within the gravure printing industry. The abstract outlines the different phases of the gravure printing process and their corresponding environmental impacts, ranging from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal. It also discusses green manufacturing initiatives aimed at mitigating environmental impact throughout the product lifecycle, including sustainable sourcing, energy efficiency, waste reduction, and circular economy principles. Overall, the abstract underscores the importance of integrating green manufacturing practices to achieve environmental stewardship and resource efficiency in industrial operations.
From the Ground Up: Stakeholder Perspectives on Housing Interventions to Reduce Environmentally Mediated Infections
Authors: Acklin Matthias , Graham Jay , Benjamin-Chung Jade
Published: October 2024

Background
Housing conditions are intrinsically linked to human health, with inadequate housing potentially increasing exposure to environmentally mediated pathogens. Housing interventions that aim to improve housing and reduce environmentally mediated infections, such as finished floors and housing upgrades for vector-borne diseases, remain relatively under-explored as health interventions. This study explored facilitators of and barriers to funding, implementing, and scaling up housing improvements as health interventions to reduce environmentally mediated infectious diseases.
Methods
Sixteen key informants (KIs) with direct experience in implementing or working within housing interventions and environmentally mediated infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries were interviewed using a semi-structured interview format. KIs had diverse backgrounds, including academics researching housing interventions, housing policy advisors, and practitioners implementing housing interventions. A thematic analysis approach was used to identify key themes in interview transcripts, highlighting patterns, commonalities, and variations in participants’ responses.
Results
KIs emphasized the multi-dimensional impacts of housing interventions that are intrinsically linked to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including physical and mental health, as well as environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Moreover, a pronounced shortage of funding and financial systems to address housing interventions was highlighted, alongside the urgent need for more rigorous evidence and cost-benefit analyses. Furthermore, the imperative to raise awareness of the significance of housing and the critical importance of strong collaboration across sectors and stakeholders were stressed. Emphasizing the necessity for project-based and context-specific housing policies, the interviews revealed that contextualizing interventions to their specific setting and fostering community involvement are essential for successful implementation and scale-up.
Conclusions
Housing interventions play a pivotal role in mitigating environmentally mediated diseases. These interventions can complement existing strategies like water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions, ensuring comprehensive approaches to healthy housing and sustainable development goals amidst climate change.
Effects on tricuspid regurgitation by different techniques for passing permanent pacemaker leads through the tricuspid valve: a randomized, open-label, superiority clinical trial study protocol
Authors: Hong Jianan , Qiu Zhanyi , Xiao Zhongbo , Ni Xiaobin , Fang Yanling , Wu Shiwan , Xie Yandan , Chen Yequn , Chen Chang , Wu Muli
Published: October 2024

Background
In recent years, lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation (LITR) has attracted increasing attention. At present, there are two commonly used transvalvular ways for pacing lead wires to enter the right ventricle. The first transvalvular approach involves placing the tip of the pacing lead directly through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, including ‘Direct-crossing’ and ‘Drop-down’. The second transvalvular approach is to bend the pacing lead so that the reflexed lead body crosses the tricuspid valve and then enters the right ventricle, which is ‘prolapsing’. However, there are no clinical trials to evaluate or compare the effects of the above two different pacing lead transvalvular approaches on tricuspid regurgitation. In this study, we will perform a randomized clinical trial to understand the effect of different transvalvular lead wire transversal techniques on the incidence of tricuspid regurgitation.
Methods
376 subjects with right ventricular single-chamber pacemaker implantation or dual-chamber pacemaker implantation were recruited in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. Participants will be randomized into the direct group (‘Direct-crossing’ and ‘Drop-down’) or the bending group (‘Prolapsing’). The primary objective is new tricuspid regurgitation or exacerbation of existing tricuspid regurgitation within 1 year of follow-up.
Discussion
This study aims to verify whether different transvalvular approaches influence the incidence of LITR, and is expected to provide an optimized method for routine pacemaker surgery and improve the long-term prognosis and quality of life of patients.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR2100045558. Registered on 19 April 2021.
Effect of Hydrogen Leakage on the Life Cycle Climate Impacts of Hydrogen Supply Chains
Authors: Goita Esther , Beagle Emily A. , Nasta Ansh N. , Wissmiller Derek L. , Ravikumar Arvind , Webber Michael E.
Published: October 2024

Hydrogen is of interest for decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors because it does not produce carbon dioxide when combusted. However, hydrogen has indirect warming effects. In this work, we conducted a life cycle assessment of electrolysis and steam methane reforming to assess their emissions while considering hydrogen’s indirect warming effects. We find that the primary factors influencing life cycle emissions are the production method and related feedstock emissions, rather than the hydrogen leakage and the indirect warming potential of hydrogen. A comparison between fossil fuel-based and hydrogen-based steel production and heavy-duty transportation showed a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, of approximately 800 to more than 1400 kgCO2e per tonne of steel and 0.1 to 0.17 kgCO2e per tonne-km of cargo. While any hydrogen production pathway reduces greenhouse gas emissions for steel, this is not the case for heavy-duty transportation. Therefore, we recommend a nuanced approach in choosing application areas for hydrogen.
Lavender-Neroli Oil as an Aromatherapy in Children’s Dental Anxiety Reduction during Anesthesia Injection – A Two-Arm Randomized control trial
Authors: Abdalhai Rama , Tolibah Yasser Alsayed , Alkhatib Racha , Kouchaji Chaza
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to assess the effect of aromatherapy with lavender-neroli oil in managing dental anxiety in children. The sample consisted of 54 children aged between 6–11 years who needed an inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia injection (IANB) for various treatments in mandibular teeth and then they randomly divided into 2 groups: control groups, and aromatherapy group who asked to inhale the aroma of lavender-neroli oil through a nitrous oxide mask for 5 minutes before anesthesia and during IANB injection. The assessment was made before and after anesthesia using a subjective scale (Facial Image Scale (FIS)), objective pain scale (Face-Legs-Activity-Cry-Consolability (FLACC), and changes in physiological parameters using vital signs (Heart rate-blood pressure-SPO2 saturation). There was a significant reduction in anxiety and pain related to IANB anesthesia injection in the aromatherapy group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), a significantly lower level of blood pressure, and heart rate in the aromatherapy group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and no change was found for O2 saturation. Aromatherapy with lavender-neroli oil is an effective- simple- low-cost way to manage pediatric dental anxiety and pain during IANB injection.
What is the correlation between thickness and anterior posterior width of masseter muscle in ultrasonography with intermolar width in maxilla and mandible?
Authors: Ahsaie Mitra Ghazizadeh , Safi Yaser , Behnaz Mohammad , Valizadeh Solmaz , Arianezhad S. Marjan , Moosavi Zakaria , Ranji Paniz , Dezfouli Negin Kouchak
Published: October 2024

Background
Knowledge of masseter muscle size can be helpful in choosing more successful and stable orthodontic treatment plans. This study aimed to evaluate masseter muscle width and thickness in ultrasonography (USG) and its correlation with dental arch width.
Methods
In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 45 participants (25 male (55.5%), and 20 female (45.5%)) were categorized according to their sex and age groups (16–20, 21–25, 26–30 Y.O.). The thickness and anterior-posterior width of the masseter muscle in the rest and clenched states were measured bilaterally using USG with the 7.5 MHz linear probe. Inter-molar width was measured using a metal caliper on dental casts of both jaws. The student t-test analysis was used to compare the means between males and females. The relationship between the width and thickness of masseter muscle and intermolar width was evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results
Males exhibited significantly thicker and wider masseter muscles in rest and clenched states (P < 0.001). They also had wider dental arches in upper and lower jaws (P < 0.001). Intermolar width correlated significantly with muscle dimensions in both states (P < 0.05). However, age and sex categorization revealed no significant correlations between muscle parameters and intermolar widths (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
USG can be used to measure muscle thickness as a safe and reproducible method. There is a positive correlation between the masseter muscle width and thickness and intermolar width.
Effect of phosphorus content on the microstructure evolution of highly undercooled Al-60%Si alloys
Authors: Dang Bo , Jian Zengyun , Xu Junfeng
Published: October 2024

In order to investigate the effect of P content on the growth morphology and the growth mode of Si phase, the Al-60%Si alloys with 0.5%P and 1.0%P was subjected to deep undercooling by electromagnetic levitator. The morphology evolution and growth mode of Si phase was studied by analyzing the dynamic images recorded by HSV and the SEM images of as-solidified samples. The results reveal that the morphology of Si phase changed from the large strip shape to coarse bulks and regularly arranged dendrites, then to spheroidal and rod-shaped with increasing of undercooling, and the corresponding growth mode changed from lateral growth to mixed growth, then to continuous growth. The P refines the size of the Si phase by increasing the nucleation rate of Si phase. With rising of P content, the critical undercoolings of growth mode transition decrease, and the experimental results well match the theoretical predicted results.
Predictors of neuropsychiatric manifestations in pediatric patients with lupus
Authors: Jiang Wei , Peng Xin , Dong Liqun , Wu Ling , Liu Qiao , Di Yazhen , Lin Li
Published: October 2024

Early detection of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) in children remains a challenge. Previous studies have found an association between different autoantibodies and the occurrence of NPSLE. This study aimed to describe the autoantibodies, organ disorders, SLEDAI-2K score, and complement levels at diagnosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate the predictors of NPSLE. We reviewed medical records and extracted information on the clinical features, serum autoantibodies, and laboratory test results of hospitalized children with SLE (< 18 years old). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of NPSLE and SLE without neuropsychiatric manifestations. The 22.8% children with NPSLE had higher ANA levels and SLEDAI-2K scores, lower C4 levels, and greater AMA-M2, β2GPI Abs, Anti-Rib-P Ab, ANCA, and LAC positivity at SLE diagnosis. They were also more likely to have fever and more easily developed digestive system complications, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), and hypothyroidism. The predictors of NPSLE were β2GPI-Abs (OR = 4.603), anti-Rib-P Ab (OR = 4.153), and SLEDAI-2K score (OR = 1.215). The study indicates that the SLEDAI-2K score, β2GPI-Abs, and anti-Rib-P Ab were predictors of NPSLE. Our findings may have implications for NPSLE screening in patients with SLE.
Local structural indices changes during different periods of postherpetic neuralgia: a graphical study in structural covariance networks
Authors: Xiong Jiaxin , Gu Lili , Jiang Xiaofeng , Kuang Hongmei , Lv Huiting , Li Zihan , Xie Yangyang , Luo Qing , Jiang Jian
Published: October 2024

There are few studies reflecting the changes in the properties of brain networks in the postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) patients on long time scales. In this study, we aim to explore the changes in network graph theory indices of structural covariance networks (SCNs) in PHN patients with different disease durations. High-resolution T1 magnetic resonance images were collected from 109 subjects including 63 PHN patients, 25 herpes zoster patients and 21 healthy controls(HCs).We constructed SCNs based on cortical thickness and analyzed the changes in global and regional network measures of PHN patients and HZ patients, and get hubs of each group. We found PHN patients with a disease duration > 6 months had reduced global efficiency(P = 0.035) and increased characteristic shortest path length(P = 0.028). It means PHN patients with a disease duration > 6 months had increased SCN integration and diminished information transfer capability between nodes, which complemented the topological properties of previous PHN networks. Global efficiency and shortest path length can be considered as potential imaging markers for future clinical restaging of PHN. Furthermore, the present study found that the node properties of brain regions associated with cognition and emotion were also altered.
The Magnesium Connection: Impact on Erectile Dysfunction and Mortality
Authors: Chen Xiaobao , Xie Ruoyun , Liu Binhong , Lin Junwei , Jiang Wei , Zheng Huaiying
Published: October 2024

This research examines both the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between magnesium depletion score (MDS) and erectile dysfunction (ED), as well as all-cause mortality in individuals diagnosed with ED. The analysis utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). To evaluate the correlation between MDS and ED, along with mortality outcomes, weighted multivariate regression and Cox proportional hazards models were employed. Out of the total 3,917 participants, 1,090 were identified as having ED, and 654 individuals succumbed to all-cause mortality. After controlling for potential confounding variables, it was found that each incremental increase of one point in MDS correlated with a 37% heightened risk of developing ED (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.16–1.62). Furthermore, among those with ED, a greater MDS score was linked to a 30% elevation in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.17–1.45). Sensitivity analyses, which included subgroup evaluations and propensity score matching (PSM), validated the robustness of these results. The findings indicate a significant association between MDS and both the prevalence of ED and the risk of all-cause mortality in individuals suffering from ED, highlighting the critical role of magnesium status in the health of men.
Evaluation of cyst treatment technique, cyst type, size differences and healing by fractal analysis
Authors: KAYGISIZ Ömer Faruk , KARSLI Ebru Deniz
Published: October 2024

Aim
The aim of the study was to evaluate the trabeculation increase of treated mandibular cysts..
Material and Method:
The study included 26 female and 33 male patients (mean: 38.4) with cysts larger than 3 cm in the posterior region of the mandible who were admitted to the same centre. Two groups in treatment technique: marsupialisation (n = 29) and enucleation (n = 30). Four groups in cyst types: dentigerous cyst (n = 21), keratocyst (n = 19), radicular cyst (n = 15) and residual cyst (n = 4). Cyst size was divided into two categories: smaller than 5.5 cm (n = 31) and larger than 5.5 cm (n = 28). Panoramic radiographs (PR) of the patients were analysed at the beginning, 6. month and 12. month.
Result
At the end of the treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of Fractal Analysis (FA) between patients treated with marsupialization and enucleation, but considering that the cysts in the marsupialization group were larger in size, a faster increase in FA was observed in the marsupialization group. When the cysts were grouped according to their size, it was observed that healing tissues in cysts smaller than 5.5 cm reached normal FA values faster, while healing in the middle of cysts larger than 5.5 cm took more time.
Conclusions
FA is a reproducible and reliable method. In large cysts, marsupialization results in a faster recovery, but FA values at the end of treatment are similar to the enucleation group.. Cysts larger than 5.5 cm show a more rapid increase in Fractal Dimension(FD). The centre of the cysts is the area that heals the latest. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to evaluate the difference in healing between cyst types.
Prognostic significance of inhibitory-to-stimulatory immune checkpoint ratio in breast cancer
Authors: Tang Chuangang , Hu Xiang , Hao Dawei , Chen Tao , Wang Pei , Li Changwen , Chen Chengling , Li Yongcheng , Hao Xiaowen , Yuan Zeng
Published: October 2024

Accumulating evidences suggested that immune checkpoints (ICPs) played an important role in malignancies including breast cancer (BRCA). We aimed to investigated whether inhibitory-to-stimulatory immune checkpoint ratio (ISICPR) could be used as a prognostic marker for BRCA. BRCA patients were enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). X-tile was used to calculate the optimal cut-off values of ISICPRs. In total, 586 BRCA patients were collected, including 104 cases of stage I, 330 of stage II, 139 of stage III, and 13 of stage IV. Univariate analysis showed that four ISICPRs (PDCD1/CD27 ratio, PDCD1/TNFSF4 ratio, IDO1/TMIGD2 ratio, and IDO1/TNFSF4 ratio) were significantly associated with the survival of BRCA patients. Following adjustment for confounders, multivariate analysis showed that only IDO1/TMIGD2 ratio was an independent prognostic factor. The optimal cut-off values of IDO1/TMIGD2 ratio were set at 4.4 and 6.3. Survival analysis indicated that the high-ratio group (ratio >6.3) had a worse prognosis than both the low-ratio (ratio <4.4) and medium-ratio group (4.4< ratio <6.3) (P<0.001). IDO1/TMIGD2 ratio was identified as a novel biomarker in the present study, which not only contributed to better management of BRCA patients but also worthy of further promotion in other cancers.
Comparative Analysis of Anthropometric Indices for Predicting Obstructive Sleep Apnea among U.S. Adults
Authors: Liu Wenjia , Song Shangyi , Zhang Hongguo , An Chunping
Published: October 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a significant public health issue with adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Obesity is a primary risk factor for OSA, and traditional obesity indicators like BMI may not accurately reflect fat distribution, which is crucial in OSA development. Other anthropometric indicators like waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI),body roundness index(BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI),lipid accumulation product(LAP),a body shape index(ABSI) and weight-to-waist index (WWI) have been proposed for better assessment of obesity-related health risks.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2005-2008 and 2015-2018 NHANES, which included a total of 8,966 participants. We used restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, logistic regression analysis, and subgroup analysis to assess the associations of anthropometric indices with OSA. We assessed the ability of the anthropometric indices to identify OSA using receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC)and compared them using the Delong test.
Results:Based on NHANES data, this study revealed that waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were the strongest predictors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk, with their associations remaining significant after adjusting for all covariates. Subgroup analysis revealed that this positive correlation was particularly strong in the 40-60 years age group, non-Hispanic whites, inactive individuals, and those with higher education. ROC analysis confirmed that WC and BMI had the highest AUC values of 0.637 and 0.633, respectively, making them the most effective in distinguishing OSA cases. Although the predictive power of the BRI, LAP, VAI, and WWI was weaker, the BRI still showed some predictive ability. Bonferroni correction and DeLong tests further validated WC and BMI as the most reliable indicators for predicting OSA.
Conclusions: WC, BMI, BRI, LAP, VAI and WWI were significantly correlated with OSA. It is worth noting that WC and BMI, two traditional anthropometric indicators, show the best predictive ability compared with other new measurement indicators. Among them, WC has the characteristics of high efficiency and simple measurement in predicting OSA in clinical application, and is the best choice for early detection and treatment strategies.
Enhancing Object Classification for Autonomous Vehicles via Rgbd Fusion From Monocular Cameras: a Depth-aware Approach
Authors: Alper Mehmet Akif
Published: October 2024

Object classification is crucial for autonomous vehicle navigation, enabling robust perception of the surrounding environment. This paper proposes an innovative method to enhance object classification accuracy for autonomous vehicles by fusing depth estimates from monocular cameras with conventional color image features. We demonstrate that estimating depth using a deep neural network and integrating this information with RGB features consistently improves classification performance, particularly for autonomous vehicle applications. Our approach outperforms baseline methods, achieving a classification accuracy of 94.46% on the KITTI dataset, an improvement from 93.5%. This work highlights the potential of low-cost monocular cameras for advanced 3D perception, crucial for developing safer and more reliable autonomous vehicles. Our depth-aware RGBD object classification not only improves perception capabilities but also presents an alternative to expensive lidar-based systems.
Qualitative Study of Fourth-Year Medical Students Experiences in Assessing Program Fit Through Virtual Interviews
Authors: Wang Annmarie , Pascarella Luigi
Published: October 2024

Background
Limited literature exists on the perception of virtual interviewing by medical students in a post-pandemic environment. The current study was conducted to observe the subjective experiences of medical students participating in virtual interviewing and how the ability to assess cultural fit is impacted.
Methods
Recently matched fourth-year medical students were interviewed utilizing a phenomenological approach. Participants were asked to rate ability to assess three common metrics of culture fit of a program on a Likert scale and elaborate on their score. Culture fitness metrics included: How much the program cares about trainees, how satisfied trainees are with their program, and how well trainees get along with each other.
Results
Fourteen fourth-year medical students participated in the study, including specialty fields of Orthopedics, Neurosurgery, General Surgery, Med-Peds, Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, and Family Medicine. Gender identity of the participants included 57.1% (n = 8) female and 42.9% (n = 6) male. Applicants were asked if they preferred virtual or in-person interviewing, with 92.9% (n = 13) preferring virtual interviewing prior to the application cycle and 46.2% (n = 6) of those participants changing their preference to in-person interviews following the application cycle. Average participant scores for the ability to assess how much the program seemed to care about trainees, how satisfied the current trainees were with their program, and how well the trainees got along were 3.4 (Range 2-4.5), 3.0 (Range 1-4.5), 3.1 (Range 1–5) respectively. Most participants reported their scores for ability to assess culture and fit would have increased for in-person interviews.
Conclusion
Applicants in this small qualitative study reported difficulty assessing program culture through virtual interviewing, with some participants preferring in-person interviewing following the interview season. Programs should consider adding an in-person component to interview day, especially for specialties with extended training timelines.
Weekly dynamic tumor regression in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient receiving MR-guided radiation therapy
Authors: Ji Nannan , Xue Ming , Xiao Shaoqing , Zhao Na , Su Wenli , Xu Junnv , Huang Renfeng , Wang Wufeng , Luo Mengyanan , Zeng Yue , Gao Lijun , Yao Pingping , Luo Yixuan , Shao Ling , Li Shuning , Lu Cheng , Li Qing , Wang Yi , Zeng Yue-Can
Published: October 2024

Background
Although radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is quite effective, the dynamic changes of tumors during radiation therapy have rarely been reported. Initial case studies have shown promising effects of MR-guided radiation therapy in some solid tumors.
Case presentation:
Our Center might be the first to report the weekly dynamic tumor regression during MR-guided radiation therapy in one patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Conclusions
The authors observed a tolerable safety profile without clinical signs of intolerable toxicity and promising tumor responses on nasopharyngeal carcinoma with MR-guided radiation therapy.
Clonal Hematopoiesis Impacts Frailty of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Retrospective Multicentric Analysis
Authors: Gelli Elisa , Martinuzzi Claudia , Soncini Debora , Conticello Concetta , Ladisa Francesco , Giorgetti Giulia , Truffelli Dario , Traverso Isabella , Lai Francesco , Guolo Fabio , Miglino Maurizio , Cagnetta Antonia , Laudisi Antonella , Aquino Sara , Derudas Daniele , Raimondo Francesco , Coviello Domenico A. , Lemoli Roberto M. , Cea Michele
Published: October 2024

Somatic mutations of hematopoietic cells in peripheral blood of normal individuals refers to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and is associated with a 0.5–1% risk of progression to hematological malignancies and cardiovascular diseases. CHIP has been reported also in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients but its biological relevance remains still to be elucidated. Here, high-depth targeted sequencing on peripheral blood derived from 76 NDMM patients revealed CHIP in 46% of them with a variant allele frequency (VAF) between ~1% and 34%: the most frequently mutated gene was DNMT3A followed by TET2. A more aggressive disease features were observed among CHIP carriers, which also exhibited more high-risk (ISS and R-ISS 3) stages than controls. Longitudinal analyses at diagnosis and during follow-up showed slight increase of VAFs (p=0.058) for epigenetic (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1) and DNA repair (TP53) genes (p=0.0123); a more stable frequency was observed among other genes, thus suggesting different temporal dynamics of CH clones. Adverse clinical outcomes, in term of overall and progression-free survivals, were observed among CHIP carriers, who also exhibited immune T-cells weakening and enhanced frailty status that predicted the greater risk of toxicity and consequent shorter event-free survival of this group. Finally, a correlogram analysis identified platelets count as biomarker for higher VAF among CHIP carriers, regardless of specific variant. Overall, our study, by highlighting specific biological and clinical features, paves the way for designing tailored strategies among MM patients carrying CHIP.