bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emprendimiento e investigación en la escala de la formación profesional y la innovación empresarial en Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez O. Jahir A. , Asprilla M. Elimeleth , Gutiérrez L. José M.
Published: June 2021

Rev.esc.adm.negAfianzar el papel que cumple el emprendimiento en la formación profesional y de la investigación en la capacidad de innovación empresarial, es el propósito que embarca la presentación del artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica. Abstraídos de la estructura transversal de la formación académica, son atendidos a manera de ramificaciones que no hacen parte del bloque de conocimientos y habilidades de los profesionales. La relación Universidad, Empresa y Estado (UEE), tiene la capacidad de orientar el emprendimiento la investigación hacia los fines expresados. Es hora de procurar la formación y la innovación hacia la materialización de resultados tangibles y aplicación directa con enfoque empresarial, requerida para internalizar ambos procesos en el ámbito profesional.
El marketing político
Authors: Cifuentes G. Alvaro H.
Published: June 2021

RESUMENSi un candidato desea ser elegido, las técnicas de marketing aplicadas a la política, le son imprescindibles. El marketing político (Politing) es el análisis  metódico de los diferentes segmentos que integran el ámbito político de una sociedad y de los factores que puedan modificarlos. Se aplican al candidato, a los votantes, al análisis de la publicidad política, a los simpatizantes, a desconocedores  del partido y a los indecisos.Los candidatos colombianos lo están aplicando, y compañías nuestras exportan servicios  de asesoría de países suramericanos.Promocionar  un candidato implica estructurar una compañía tal como una empresa, aplicando técnicas de ventas, de fijación de cuotas y de planeación estratégica.
Análisis del patrón espacio-temporal de transmisión del COVID-19 por municipios de Baja California
Authors: Brugués Rodríguez Alejandro , Fuentes Flores Noé Arón , Ramírez Cervantes Alejandra
Published: June 2021

El texto analiza del patrón espacio-temporal de propagación del COVID-19 en los municipios de Baja California desde la semana epidemiológica 10 hasta la 31 con base en las metodologías de Dinámica de Sistemas (ds) y Sistemas de Información Geográfica (sig). Se usa el modelo susceptibles, infectados y recuperados (sir) epidémico a fin de modelar los factores críticos de contagio de la pandemia —tasa de infección y tasa de recuperación de la infección— con datos de la Dirección General de Epidemiología de la Secretaría de Salud disponibles el día 6 de junio de 2020. El patrón epidemiológico tiende a concentrase espacialmente en Mexicali, Tijuana y Tecate, ciudades que albergan a los trabajadores transfronterizos entre las Californias. Además, presenta una dinámica temporal cambiante hacia los municipios de Ensenada y Playas de Rosarito que son el destino de mayor demanda de los turistas californianos.
Características de la comercialización de los frutos de berenjena en las principales ciudades de consumo en Colombia
Authors: Cadena-Torres Jorge , Perez-Cantero Shirley Patricia , Romero-Ferrer Jorge Luis , Perez-Cantero Kevin Luis
Published: June 2021

El presente estudio se realizó con el objeto de conocer características del mercado y los requisitos de la calidad de los frutos de berenjena en las principales ciudades de consumo en Colombia. Para ello, se realizaron encuestas que contemplaban aspectos sobre la comercialización, mercado, uso, consumo y calidad de los frutos en relación con las preferencias de los comercializadores de la fruta y los restaurantes de comida árabe y sirio-linabesa. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, análisis de componentes principales y correspondencias múltiples. Los resultados permitieron identificar las características de los comercializadores, procedencia de frutos, precios, presentaciones, mercados de destino y aspectos más relevantes asociados a la calidad del fruto. Se encontró que, aunque existe un mercado para todo tipo de frutos, en las ciudades del interior del país prefieren frutos de color negro, brillante, firmes y con forma aperada, mientras que en la región caribe se prefieren frutos de color lila o morado, más largos que anchos, con forma tipo bombillo. Los resultados permitieron concluir que los aspectos de calidad que más determinan las decisiones de compra en los restaurantes son el tamaño, la firmeza, forma y brillo de los frutos, mientras que en las plazas de mercado y centros de acopio, son el color, tamaño y la sanidad de los frutos. Se recomienda que los programas de mejoramiento genético en el país se orienten hacia la obtención variedades acordes a las preferencias del mercado, con frutos de mayor firmeza, vida de anaquel y uniformidad.
Diversidad de la edafofauna de suelos cafeteros del sur de Colombia
Authors: Lagos-Burbano Tulio Cesar , Ballesteros-Possu William , Delgado-Gualmatan Wilmer Libey
Published: June 2021

La edafofauna es un indicador biológico de la fertilidad del suelo. Conocer su diversidad permite establecer relaciones funcionales con éste y tomar decisiones para establecer prácticas de conservación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la riqueza (Ri), abundancia relativa (AR) y diversidad de la edafofauna en cuatro municipios del departamento de Nariño La Unión, Sandoná, Consaca y La Florida. Los muestreos se hicieron en tres altitudes que se tomaron como repeticiones. En bosques secundarios y cultivos de café se registraron la Ri y la AR en mantillo, entre 10 y 20 cm y entre 20 a 30 cm de profundidad. En Consacá se registraron un total de 19.836 individuos de 24 órdenes, de los cuales el 37,6% correspondieron a bosque y el 62,4% a café. La Florida mostró un total de 13.980 individuos de 16 órdenes de los cuales el 41,3% se ubicó en el bosque y el 58,7% en café. En La Unión se encontraron 6.935 individuos en 17 órdenes, donde el 64,2% se ubicaron en el bosque y el 35,8% en café. El número de individuos en Sandoná fue de 10.436, de los cuales, el 10,7% se ubicaron en el bosque y el 89,3% en café. En los bosques se presentaron mayores valores de diversidad que en los cultivos café. La interacción sistemas x profundidades no fue significativa, a excepción de los índices de Sahnnon-Weaver y Simpson en Sandoná. Los órdenes Hymenoptera, Acari y Coleóptera fueron los más prevalentes con diferencias en Ri y AR entre bosque y café.
Cambios fisiológicos y mecanismos genéticos asociados a la marchitez vascular causada por Fusarium en tomate: una revisión actualizada
Authors: Carmona Sandra L. , Villarreal-Navarrete Andrea , Burbano-David Diana , Soto-Suárez Mauricio
Published: June 2021

El cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), una de las hortalizas más cultivadas en el mundo, se enfrenta a diferentes patógenos del suelo que afectan su morfología, fisiología, bioquímica y regulación genética de las plantas. El hongo fitopatógeno Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.  lycopersici  (Fol) agente causal de la marchitez vascular del tomate causa pérdidas superiores al 60% en este cultivo. En esta revisión se presentan los mecanismos fisiológicos, bioquímicos y moleculares desarrollados en la interacción tomate – Fol. La co-evolución entre plantas y patógenos ha facilitado el desarrollo de mecanismos de defensa en las plantas que les permite protegerse frente a los efectos nocivos de la invasión por parte del patógeno, mientras que los patógenos implementan estrategias para imponerse frente a la resistencia de las plantas. Las consecuencias fisiológicas del ataque por Fol incluyen respuestas al déficit hídrico, regulaciones en la conductancia estomática, cambios en la fotosíntesis, así como alteraciones en los contenidos de clorofila y su fluorescencia. Estos cambios pueden ser explicados, en parte, con base en respuestas oxidativas, producción de metabolitos secundarios y activación de vías de señalización hormonales que hacen parte de una compleja red bioquímica activada tras la infección por el patógeno.
La antracnosis del ñame y estrategias de manejo: una revisión
Authors: Campo-Arana Rodrigo Orlando , Royet-Barroso Jhoandys De Jesús
Published: June 2021

El ñame (Dioscorea spp.) es un tubérculo comestible de importancia económica en regiones tropicales, siendo un alimento básico de más de 155 millones de personas. Sin embargo, el rendimiento del cultivo se puede ver afectado por enfermedades devastadoras como la antracnosis (Colletotrichum spp.), la cual puede causar pérdidas de rendimientos hasta un 80% en zonas endémicas, si no se aplican medidas eficaces de manejo. En este sentido, se presenta el siguiente artículo de revisión, el cual tiene como objetivo buscar literatura que permita conocer las investigaciones que se están realizando sobre la antracnosis del ñame, su biología y epidemiología, la sintomatología, etiología y las diferentes estrategias para su manejo. Se describen los síntomas de la enfermedad, la biología y la epidemiología de su principal agente causal Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Finalmente se presenta las diferentes estrategias de manejo empleadas como son el control genético, cultural, biológico y químico. Se concluye que en el manejo de la enfermedad debe emplearse el método integrado, partiendo de la selección de campos con baja cantidad de inóculo primario, siembra de genotipos resistentes o tolerantes, empleando semilla asexual sana protegida con fungicidas.
Patient Representation From Structured Electronic Medical Records Based on Embedding Technique: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Huang Yanqun , Wang Ni , Zhang Zhiqiang , Liu Honglei , Fei Xiaolu , Wei Lan , Chen Hui
Published: June 2021

Background

The secondary use of structured electronic medical record (sEMR) data has become a challenge due to the diversity, sparsity, and high dimensionality of the data representation. Constructing an effective representation for sEMR data is becoming more and more crucial for subsequent data applications.

Objective

We aimed to apply the embedding technique used in the natural language processing domain for the sEMR data representation and to explore the feasibility and superiority of the embedding-based feature and patient representations in clinical application.

Methods

The entire training corpus consisted of records of 104,752 hospitalized patients with 13,757 medical concepts of disease diagnoses, physical examinations and procedures, laboratory tests, medications, etc. Each medical concept was embedded into a 200-dimensional real number vector using the Skip-gram algorithm with some adaptive changes from shuffling the medical concepts in a record 20 times. The average of vectors for all medical concepts in a patient record represented the patient. For embedding-based feature representation evaluation, we used the cosine similarities among the medical concept vectors to capture the latent clinical associations among the medical concepts. We further conducted a clustering analysis on stroke patients to evaluate and compare the embedding-based patient representations. The Hopkins statistic, Silhouette index (SI), and Davies-Bouldin index were used for the unsupervised evaluation, and the precision, recall, and F1 score were used for the supervised evaluation.

Results

The dimension of patient representation was reduced from 13,757 to 200 using the embedding-based representation. The average cosine similarity of the selected disease (subarachnoid hemorrhage) and its 15 clinically relevant medical concepts was 0.973. Stroke patients were clustered into two clusters with the highest SI (0.852). Clustering analyses conducted on patients with the embedding representations showed higher applicability (Hopkins statistic 0.931), higher aggregation (SI 0.862), and lower dispersion (Davies-Bouldin index 0.551) than those conducted on patients with reference representation methods. The clustering solutions for patients with the embedding-based representation achieved the highest F1 scores of 0.944 and 0.717 for two clusters.

Conclusions

The feature-level embedding-based representations can reflect the potential clinical associations among medical concepts effectively. The patient-level embedding-based representation is easy to use as continuous input to standard machine learning algorithms and can bring performance improvements. It is expected that the embedding-based representation will be helpful in a wide range of secondary uses of sEMR data.
Measurement And Social Desirability Response Bias In Experimental Vignette Research: A Test Of Fazio's Mode Theory (Preprint)
Authors: Stolte John
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Experimental vignette research methods have been used to study a diverse range of theoretical and practical issues. Vignettes are designed to create hypothetical cultural/normative contexts for the study of variation in self-reported attitudes. A key problem in such research, however, is potential social desirability response bias.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the present experiment is to test an explicit theory explaining such bias.

METHODS

A vignette experimental test of an hypothesis derived from a dual-process theory (the MODE framework initially developed by Fazio) linking explicit vs. implicit self-reported attitude measurement and social desirability response bias is reported here.

RESULTS

The data show that measuring the social approval of a central vignette character explicitly results in greater social desirability responding than measuring such approval implicitly, supporting MODE theory.

CONCLUSIONS

Vignette research methodologies provide a rich, flexible toolkit for studying many important social psychological topics, including issues of inequality and equity. However, researchers can and should design a measurement strategy that carefully manages inferences drawn in light of conditions likely to produce social desirability response bias
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF COVID-19 DATA: EVIDENCE FROM NEWCOMB-BENFORD LAW
Authors: Jošić Hrvoje , Žmuk Berislav
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 infection started in Wuhan, China, spreading all over the world, creating global healthcare and economic crisis. Countries all over the world are fighting hard against this pandemic; however, there are doubts on the reported number of cases. In this paper Newcomb-Benford Law is used for the detection of possible false number of reported COVID-19 cases. The analysis, when all countries have been observed together, showed that there is a doubt that countries potentially falsify their data of new COVID-19 cases of infection intentionally. When the analysis was lowered on the individual country level, it was shown that most countries do not diminish their numbers of new COVID-19 cases deliberately. It was found that distributions of COVID-19 data for 15% to 19% of countries for the first digit analysis and 30% to 39% of countries for the last digit analysis do not conform with the Newcomb-Benford Law distribution. Further investigation should be made in this field in order to validate the results of this research. The results obtained from this paper can be important for economic and health policy makers in order to guide COVID-19 surveillance and implement public health policy measures.
¿Cuál es el alcance de la conciliación en el ordenamiento social de la propiedad en Colombia?
Authors: Sepúlveda Patiño Héctor A.
Published: June 2021

En el marco del acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera en Colombia, en el punto uno, denominado reforma rural integral, se determinó la elaboración e implementación de los planes de ordenamiento social de la propiedad rural (POSPR) bajo la modalidad de barrido predial, lo cual se materializó en el Decreto – Ley 902 de 2017. La implementación del plan quedó bajo la responsabilidad de la Agencia Nacional de Tierras que como máxima autoridad en el tema de tierras le corresponde la gestión para el acceso a las comunidades beneficiarias del acuerdo de paz. En dicho decreto se previó como mecanismo alternativo preferente de solución de conflictos a la conciliación, pero, a la vez, se determinaron los asuntos inconciliables relacionados con el acceso a la política de tierras y, por razones de integridad normativa, el límite de este mecanismo se extiende otras normas; además, por la cercanía con las comunidades beneficiarias de esta política se da una prerrogativa a la Agencia Nacional de Tierras para conciliar asuntos relacionados con su misionalidad. En este sentido, se reflexionará sobre el alcance de la conciliación en el POSPR y los beneficios de esta durante el barrido predial.
Effect of Arabica Coffee Bean Extract (Coffea arabica) as a Growth Inhibitor of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212
Authors: Parnomo Trimurti
Published: June 2021

Arabica coffee seeds contain a composition of Caffeine, Chlorogenic acid, Flavonoids, and Trigonelline. The purpose of this study is to test the antibacterial of Arabica coffee seed extract against bacterium Enterococcus faecalis at concentrations of 1,5625%, 3,125%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50% and 100%. The extraction method using maceration with solvent 96%. Antibacterial activity test was done by using the Kirby and Bauer diffusion test method. The results showed that Arabica coffee seed extract could provide inhibition starting from 3,125% with an average diameter of inhibition zone of 1,16 mm to the largest concentration of 100% with an average zone diameter of inhibition of 14,6 mm. At the same time, the average diameter of the inhibitory zone of antibiotic ampicillin at a concentration of 1% as a control (+) is 24,6 mm. The results showed that the greater concentration, the greater the inhibitory zones are formed.

Keywords: Coffea arabica, Enterococcus faecalis, antibacterial, inhibition zone
CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON PRODUCTION WITH MILLSCALE BY PRODUCT REDUCTION
Authors: Nurdiyansah Lukman Faris , Darsono Nono , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi
Published: June 2021

Millscale is a large by product of metal factory. Many methods to recycled it to many applications. The aim of this research is recycled millscale to produce the iron by reduction method with graphite as reductant agent. The reduction process was deed by milled millscale and graphite powder with 4:1 weight ratio was by used High Energy Milling with 4, 6, 12 hours milling time variations. The powder then was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and SEM-EDS test. The XRD test result is Fe3C as a main phase then carbon, magnetite, wustite and Iron as a minor phase. The percentage of iron composition is increase during milling times amount to 6; 10.9; 13 %. The remanence for the 4, 6, and 12 hours of milling time variation, is 2.89, 3.39, and 4.98 emu/g, for the coercivity (Hc) is 209.58, 188.47, and 223.65 Oe and the magnetic saturation number is 22.59, 30.7, 39.15 emu/g, from Hc value it is concluded that the powder has superparamagnetic behavior.  From SEM-EDS is knowed that the distribution of Fe is more uniform on the surface samples with the increase of milling time.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID CU / CUSO4 REFERENCE ELECTRODES
Authors: Dewi Marysca Shintya , Alva Sagir , Wan Jamil Wan Adil
Published: June 2021

In this research, a solid Cu/CuSO4 reference electrode has been developed. In this development process, the Cu/CuSO4 solid reference electrode provided consists of two types, namely the Cu/CuSO4 I solid reference electrode (ERP Cu/CuSO4 I) and the Cu/CuSO4 II solid reference electrode (ERP Cu/CuSO4 II). ERP Cu/CuSO4 I was prepared using two layers, namely the Cu/CuSO4 layer and the cellulose acetate layer which were placed sequentially on the surface of the planar type Cu electrode. Meanwhile, ERP Cu/CuSO4 II was prepared using three layers, namely a layer of cotton fiber/cellulose acetate, a layer of Cu/CuSO4, and a layer of cotton/cellulose acetate placed in sequence on the surface of the planar type Cu electrode, where the CuSO4 layer is between the two layers of cotton/cellulose acetate. Both types of Cu/CuSO4 solid reference electrodes were characterized by testing DmV in various concentrations of KCl solution and ERP Cu/CuSO4 II has been produced as the best reference electrode for Cu/CuSO4 solids with a DmV value of 3.3 mV. Furthermore, ERP Cu/CuSO4 II was selected for characterization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) testing, response vs Cl sensor testing, and drif testing. In CV testing, ERP Cu/CuSO4 provides a voltammogram graph pattern similar to the Ag/AgCl reference electrode as a commercial reference electrode. Meanwhile, in testing the response vs sensor Cl, ERP Cu/CuSO4 II gave a Nernstian number value  of -50.1 mV/decade with a test range of 0.1-10-3 M. ERP Cu/CuSO4 II showed fairly good stability, namely with a drift value of 0.46 mV/minute which is achieved after the conditioning process after 12 minutes.
EFFECT OF WELDING HEAT INPUT ON THE CORROSION RATE OF CARBON STEEL MMA WELDING
Authors: Sitorus Melvin Bismark H
Published: June 2021

AbstractSteel is one of materials which often used on steel construction, bridge construction, and high rise building construction. Construction using welding joint is expected able to withstand construction loads for a long time. After a while  weldment will be exposed to corrosion that will be construction failure in turn. One of the most important parameter in welding is heat input, however it hasn’t obtain correlation between heat input and corrosion rate on MMA (Manual Metal Arch) weldment  on mild steel. This paper aims to obtain correlation between heat input and corrosion rate of low carbon steel  with MMA welding. The result was show that  corrosion rate tend to decrease with adding of duration, where higher corrosion rate at heat input 0,8108 kJ/mm was 68,68 gm/m2 hr at duration  5 hour.
Decay rate of generalized solutions for equations of a viscous heat-conducting gas
Authors: Liang Zhilei
Published: June 2021

The large time behavior is considered for the solutions of the
Navier-Stokes equations for one-dimensional viscous polytropic ideal gas
in unbounded domains. Using the local anti-derivatives functions
technique, we obtain the power type decay estimates for the generalized
solutions as time goes to infinity
Knowledge, attitude, practice, and post-infection effects regarding COVID-19, and vaccine acceptance among general people of North India -- A multicentred cross-sectional study.
Authors: Bansal Sudhanshu , Gangwar Abhishek Kumar , Sharma Amit , Kosey Sourabh
Published: June 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to assess COVID-19 awareness, attitude,
practice, and post-infection effects, as well as vaccine acceptance,
among general people in North India at the end of the first COVID-19
wave in India. Method: A cross-sectional, multicentred survey took place
from 20 January to 28 February 2021 in Northern India, covering 8
states, including Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,
Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi, and Chandigarh to assess the KAP
in the context of COVID-19. A validated questionnaire was distributed
via social media (Instagram, WhatsApp), and responses were collected via
a Google Form. Result: The total number of participants was n=813, out
of which more than half of the responder were male (54.2%). The
majority of respondents belong to the age category 18 to 29 years
(66.9%) and (85.8%) of respondents come from a nuclear family. Mean
(percentage) scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 57.91%,
60.98%, and 89.79% respectively. The vaccine acceptance in
participants was quite high (70.8%), (67.7%) have a positive belief in
vaccine efficacy, and (42.7%) of respondents were willing to take the
vaccine at a health centre/clinic. Out of total participants (74.5%)
believe that vaccines can control the spread of COVID-19. The prevalence
of post-infection effects was more in females with a mean percentage of
52.94, like (94.1%) of females and (70.4%) of males. Conclusion:
Although the overall KAP regarding COVID-19 disease was average and
balanced in some areas (69.56% overall in all categories of KAP) in our
participants. Our result finding shows that there are certain gaps in
knowledge, attitude, and practice of participants which can be decreased
by efficient and tailor-made health education initiatives. Due to these
gaps, India is facing a second wave of COVID-19
Galerkin methods for fractional-stochastic systems
Authors: Akinlar Mehmet Ali , Gómez Francisco , Tasci Fatih
Published: June 2021

Applicability of undetermined coefficients methods to several
fractional-stochastic models is investigated. These models are mostly
generated by fractional-order derivative operators and include a
fractional white noise term. Application of a polynomial chaos algorithm
to stochastic Lotka-Volterra and Benney systems are also investigated.
Fractional-stochastic equations considered in this paper are totally
original systems which may serve as models for many scientific and
engineering phenomena. It is pointed out that Galerkin type methods
employed in this paper may be efficiently applied to fractional-order
systems having uncertainty or a noise term.
Comparison of oral anticoagulant users with non-users admission laboratory parameters, length of hospital stay and outcomes in COVID-19 infection
Authors: Karandere Faruk , Hursitoglu Mehmet , eroz Erhan , Bilgin Ecenur , Karaali Zeynep , Erismis Betul , Kocoglu Hakan , Unlu Esra Canbolat , Korkusuz Ramazan , Issever Halim , Yasar Kadriye Kart
Published: June 2021

Introduction Oral anticoagulants (OAs) are not in routine use during
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Studies that compare the COVID-19
infection outcome of chronic OA users with their peers of non-OA users
are available. To the best of our knowledge, none of these studies
evaluated the effect of OA use on the COVID-19 related early admission
laboratory parameters and/or length of the hospital stay. So, we will
study these here. Methods  This retrospective study was included 2
groups; group 1 (n=62) consisted of OA users, and group 2 (n=75) of age,
and sex-matched of OA non-users at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. Early
admission laboratory measures, numbers of comorbidities, length of
hospital stay, and outcomes of these patients were recorded and analyzed
Results Despite higher numbers of comorbidities in group 1, their serum
CRP and D-dimer levels were significantly lower than the group 2.
(p<0.05, all). The rate of mortality was higher in group 2
patients, but, it has not reached a statistical significance
(p>0.05). Regression analysis showed that OA users (in
comparison to non-OA users) had 0.980 and 0.520 times lower serum CRP
and D-dimer levels, respectively.   Conclusions This study showed a
beneficial effect of OA use on early admission serum CRP, and D-dimer
levels, which are important prognostic predictors in COVID-19.
Additionally, OA use associated with lesser hospital stay days of
COVID-19 patients. These beneficial effects of OA use might help in
improving the management of this infection after further dedicated
studies in this field.
Le Guın'in Karanlığın Sol Eli Romanında Ataerkiye Meydan Okuma
Authors: Say Emre
Published: June 2021

En hafif ifadeyle ataerki, erkeksi olanın mutlak üstünlüğünü öngören bunu sağlayıp sağlamlaştırmayı amaçlayan baskıcı bir düşünce yapısıdır. Ataerki, katı ikili karşıtlıklar zemini üzerinde hareket eder. Ataerkinin omurgasını oluşturan özcü vurgu göze batacak şekilde heteroseksist bir düsturu temel almaktadır. Bu düstur, insan türünün değişemez ve sorgulanamaz biçimde keskin bir kadın-erkek ikililiğine ayrılmasını öngörür. Öngörülen bu kadın-erkek ayrımı baştan içselleştirilmesi beklenen, ‘resmi olarak onaylanıp olumlanan’ biricik cinsel yönelim olan heteroseksüelliğe dayanmaktadır. İşte Ursula Le Guin, Karanlığın Sol Eli romanında ikili karşıtlık takıntısı olan, katı ve aynı zamanda da durağan olan ataerkiye adeta meydan okumaktadır. Bunu, ataerkinin olmazsa olmaz özelliklerinden olan cinsiyet temelli değişmezliği ortadan kaldırarak başarmaktadır. Le Guin’in özcülük karşıtı savının ‘öz’ünü işte bu durağan olmayan, değişebilir cinsiyet rolleri oluşturmaktadır. Romanda ustaca sergilenip işlenen bu sav; ataerkinin, ataerkiyle ilgili özelliklerin ya da doğrudan ataerkiden kaynaklanan tutumların, baştan heteroseksüel olduğu varsayılan kadın-erkek karşıtlığının dayatılmasına ve içselleştirilmesine dayandığını ikna edici biçimde göstermektedir.
Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirasın Çini Sanatındaki Kadın Eli Yaşayan İnsan Hazinele
Authors: Baysan Münire
Published: June 2021

Toplumların karakterini ve benliğini oluşturan kültürün korunması, gelecek kuşaklara aslına ve çağa uygun bir şekilde aktarılabilmesi son derece önemlidir. Geleneksel el sanatları kültürün önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Somut olmayan kültür değerleri içerisinde yer alan çini, bu sanatlardan bir tanesidir. Anadolu topraklarına Selçuklular ile birlikte gelen geçmişte kâşî, evânî olarak isimlendirilen çini kadim bir Türk sanatıdır.
Çininin asırları aşarak geleneksel köklerinden kopmadan varlığını idâme ettirebilmesi onu, aslına sadık kalarak bugünlere taşıyan sanatkârlar sayesindedir. Bu makalenin konusunu, kadın çalışmalarının çini sanatındaki örnek karakteri olan Naciye Nur Avlupınar ‘ın sanatı ve Yaşayan İnsan Hazinesi bağlamında sanat faaliyetleridir. Otuz sekiz yıldır çini sanatı ile meşgul olan sanatkâr; hoca-talebe, usta-çırak geleneği ile meşk usulü yetişmiştir. Sanatına, aslına bağlı kalarak pek çok yenilik getirmiş, bu yenilikleri kendi eserlerinde örneklemiş, ülke içinde ve dışında açtığı sergilerle Türk çini sanatını 21. yüzyıla ait özellikleri ile tanıtmış ve bu alanda öğrenciler yetiştirmiştir.
Çini sektöründe sadece işçi, boya ve tahrir ustası olarak çalışan kadınların yanı sıra bu işin hem sanat hem de zanaat kısmına hâkim olan Avlupınar’ın, bu alanda yaptığı yenilikleri, ortaya koyduğu eserleri ve sanatsal çizgisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmanın teorik kısmında literatür taraması, veri toplama kısmında görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır.
Beypazarı'nda Kadının Ev İçi Emeğinin Dönüşümü: Deneyim ve Aktarım
Authors: Nagihan Kahveci Zeynep
Published: June 2021

Kadın emeği, hem kadın çalışmaları alanının hem gündelik hayatımızın tarihi içinde akademik olarak her zaman özel ve önemli konular arasında yer almıştır. Kadınların kamusal alanda çalışma hayatına başlamalarıyla birlikte ev içi emeğin dönüşümü de çeşitli disiplinlerin akademik yazınında kendine yer buldu. Bu çalışma, kadının ev içi emeğinin dönüşümünde Türkiye’de ilk örnek mekanlardan biri olan Beypazarı’nda yapılmış alan araştırmalarının sonuçlarından hareketle yazılmıştır. Beypazarı’nda turizmin başlamasıyla birlikte kadınların evlerinde ürettikleri sarma, baklava, bazlama gibi ürünleri tezgâhlarda, dükkânlarda satmaya başladıkları ve böylece ekonomik özgürlüklerini elde ettiklerine yönelik bir dönüşüm anlatısı vardır. Bu dönüşüm anlatısında kadınların toplu bir kategori olarak sunulduğu, özneliklerine ve gündelik hayatlarına dair herhangi bir bilgi verilmediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, sözü geçen dönüşüm anlatısının kadınların gündelik hayatlarındaki mekânsal geçişliliğine, kamusal ve özel tezahürlerine, giyim-kuşamlarına etkisine odaklanmıştır. Tezgâhlarda ve dükkânlarda satış yapan kadınların emek süreçlerine nasıl dâhil oldukları, gündelik hayat içerisinde geliştirdikleri direniş pratikleri, kadınlar arası ilişkiler, kadınların kamusal mekânlardaki hareketliliğinin ve ürettiklerini tezgâhlarda, dükkânlarda satıyor olmalarının kentin gündelik hayatına etkisinin ne olduğu gibi konular çalışmada ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, Beypazarı dönüşüm anlatısının tek sesli bir anlatı olmadığını ve kadınların her birinin deneyimlerinin, hayallerinin, eylemliliklerinin ve direniş pratiklerinin birbirinden farklı olduğunu toplumsal cinsiyet, kamusal alan-özel alan, hane-içi emek, ücretli emek ve gündelik hayat kavramlarından hareketle etnografi ve feminist söylem analizi temelinde ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Kadın ve Şeytan: Sibirya Sahası Türk Halk Anlatıları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Yıldız Altın Kübra
Published: June 2021

Evrensel bir olgu olan kötülük, insanoğlunun yaşamını her yönüyle etkilemektedir. Tarihin ilk dönemlerinde doğayla olan hayatta kalma mücadelesinde insanı tehdit eden her durum kötü olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Toplayıcılık, avcılık, hayvancılık ve nihayetinde yerleşik yaşama geçişle devam eden insanlığın kültür tarihinde kötü güce veya güçlere ilişkin inancın varlığı ve etkisi olagelmiştir. Kötü güçlerin başında yer aldığına inanılan “şeytan” hakkında Türk folklorunda çalışmalar yapılmış olmakla birlikte “kadın” ve “şeytan” ilişkisini konu edinen bir incelemenin olmayışı bu araştırmanın çıkış noktasıdır. Türk kültürünün ortaya çıktığı coğrafya olan Sibirya sahasında bulunan ve arkaik unsurları içlerinde barındıran anlatılar bu anlamda önemli veri kaynaklarıdır. Özellikle şeytana ilişkin tasarımların yanı sıra kadının şeytan ile ilişkilendirilmesine, şeytan kadar kötü olmasına ve hatta şeytanı aldattığına ilişkin anlatılar, Türk kültüründe kadın imajını anlama noktasında katkı sağlamakta ve bu olumsuz imajın sebeplerini açıklamaya imkân tanımaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışmada, bünyelerinde mitik unsurlar taşıyan ve özellikle “kadını” ve “şeytanı” içeren Sibirya sahasından mitler, masallar, efsaneler, destanlar ve memoratlar tesadüfî örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiş; bu iki olgu arasındaki ilişki, kültürel feminizm teorisi bağlamında eleştirel bir yaklaşımla ele alınmıştır.
Rehashing the Debate over Woman Issues from the Perspective of Feminist Translat
Authors: CAN RENÇBERLER Alize
Published: June 2021

Amerikan Edebiyatında şiirleri ve düzyazılarıyla tanınan Sylvia Plath, uzun yıllardır Türk edebiyatına ve kültür dizgesine aktarılmaktadır. Eserlerinde toplumda yer edinmeye çalışan kadın karakterlere yer veren Plath, kadın ve iki çocuk annesi olarak hayatında zorluklar yaşamış; babasının ölümü ve kocasının baskısından kaynaklanan psikolojik sorunlara karşı göğüs germek zorunda kalmıştır. Tüm bunlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, Plath’ın hayatının eserleri üzerinde etkisi olduğu muhtemeldir. Bu görüşü açıklamak ve incelemek amacıyla Plath’ın kısa öykülerinden Mothers incelenmiş, kadın sorunlarına (annelik, kadınlık, toplumsal aidiyet ve ataerkillik) işaret eden söylemler belirlenmiş ve bu söylemlerin Türkçede kadın çevirmen tarafından nasıl üretildiğini anlamak için Türkçe çevirisi kaynak metin ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda çevirmen ile e-posta aracılığıyla görüşülmüş ve çeviri süreci ile ilgili bilgi edinilmiştir. Eser çevirisinin çözümlenmesiyle ilgili olarak, çeviride erek odaklı yaklaşımı benimseyen Gideon Toury tarafından öne sürülen öncül normlara, süreç öncesi normlara ve süreç normlarına başvurulmuştur. Bu normlardan ilk ikisi ile erek metin yeterlilik/kabul edilebilirlik ve çeviri politikası/çevirinin doğrudanlığı kapsamında ele alınmış; süreç normları aracılığıyla ise çevirmenin çeviri stratejilerini açığa çıkarmak için feminist çeviri araştırmacısı Luise von Flotow (1991)’un önerdiği çeviri stratejilerinden yararlanılmış; Vinay & Darbelnet (1995) ve Delabastita (1993) tarafından ortaya konan diğer çeviri stratejilerine de başvurulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında yapılan çözümlemelerden hareketle, çevirmenin çoğunlukla sözcüğü sözcüğüne ve biçim değiştirme çeviri stratejilerine başvurduğu; bunun yanı sıra eşdeğerlik ve odak değiştirme1 stratejilerini de kullandığı anlaşılmıştır. Anlatıda geçen bir sözcüğün çevirisi ile ilgili olarak, sunulan feminist çeviri stratejilerinden hiçbirinin uymadığı sonucuna varılmış ve belirsizleştirme ismiyle yeni bir feminist çeviri stratejisi önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Ev Kurarak Güçlenmenin İmkânları
Authors: Lordoğlu Ceren
Published: June 2021

Mekân ve duygular arasındaki ilişki sosyal yaşamın farklı bir katmanı hakkında önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Bu makalede ev ve duygular arasındaki kurucu ve dinamik ilişki, duygu coğrafyasının ve ilişkisel mekân yaklaşımının kavramlarıyla tartışılır. Evi kadınlar için tümüyle olumsuz ele alan bir feminist yaklaşım yerine, çoklu ilişkileri ve koşulların mevcudiyetini savunan eleştirel feminist düşünürlerle benzer bir çizgi benimsenir. İstanbul’da yaşayıp, yeni ev kurmuş iki farklı gruptan toplam 19 kadınla yaptığım derinlemesine görüşmeye dayalı alan araştırmasının bulguları makale kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Görüştüğüm kadınların ev ve ev içi maddi dünya ile kurdukları ilişkide duyguların nasıl bir rolü olduğu ele alınmaktadır. Araştırma bulgularına bağlı olarak kadınlar için ev, sadece görünmeyen emeğin, patriarkal baskının, ev içi şiddetin mekânı olarak değil, aynı zamanda olumlu duygularla güçlenebildikleri, gururlandıkları ve cesaretlendikleri mekân olarak da tartışılmaktadır.
Kırmızı Başlıklı Kız'ın Edebiyattan Sinemaya Al Yazmalı Olarak Yolculuğu
Authors: Elif Aksoy Süreyya
Published: June 2021

Cengiz Aytmatov’un Selvi Boylum Al Yazmalım adıyla Rusçadan Türkçeleştirilmiş öyküsü ile aynı adla Atıf Yılmaz’ın yönetmenliğinde ve Ali Özgentürk’ün senaryosu ile yapılmış sinema uyarlamasının, “Kırmızı Başlıklı Kız” masalının Grimm Kardeşler varyantı ile hem biçimsel bakımdan metinlerarası ilişkiler içinde olduğunu hem de kadın bedeninin ve cinselliğinin denetlenerek ataerkil aile yapısı içinde sınırlanması bağlamında benzer bir toplumsal ve ahlaki işlev üstlendiğini göstermeye çalışacağım. İncelemede söz konusu üç metni sırasıyla, olay örgüsü, metinlerarası bağları görünür kılan işaretler ve birey-toplum çatışması ekseninde karakterlerin oluşumu açılarından ele alacağım. “Kırmızı Başlıklı Kız”da metaforik bir anlatımla sunulan ibret hikâyesi, sözü edilen roman ve filmde doğrudan ifade edilmiş; kadının, arzulayan ve arzularının peşinde ev dışında yolculuk yapan bir özne olarak var olma çabası ile erkek tarafından arzulanan ve ev içinde tutulması arasındaki gerilim, ikinciden yana sonuçlanır. Toplumsal ödevleri arasındaki çatışmanın odağındaki genç kız, arzularını bastırıp erkek egemenliğindeki kutsal ailenin sınırları içindeki edilgin rolünü ve annelik kimliğini kabullenmek yoluyla erginlik eşiğini atlar. Bu üç metin arasındaki bağları ortaya çıkartırken Jack Zipes’ın, “Kırmızı Başlıklı Kız” varyantları ve uyarlamaları hakkındaki gözlemlerinin yanı sıra, Vladimir Propp’un olağanüstü masallardaki karakterlerin işlevleri üzerine geliştirdiği kavramsallaştırmadan, metinlerarasılık üzerine bazı gözlemlerden ve modernlik ile cinsellik tarihi hakkındaki saptamalardan yararlanılmıştır.
Adipocyte-Specific Deletion of Lamin A/C Largely Models Human Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Type 2
Authors: Corsa Callie A.S. , Walsh Carolyn M. , Bagchi Devika P. , Freitas Maria C. Foss , Li Ziru , Hardij Julie , Granger Katrina , Mori Hiroyuki , Schill Rebecca L. , Lewis Kenneth T. , Maung Jessica N. , Azaria Ruth D. , Rothberg Amy E. , Oral Elif A. , MacDougald Ormond A.
Published: June 2021

Mechanisms by which autosomal recessive
mutations in Lmna cause familial
partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2) are poorly understood. To investigate
function of lamin A/C in adipose tissues, we created mice with an
adipocyte-specific loss of Lmna (LmnaADKO). Although LmnaADKO mice develop and
maintain adipose tissues in early postnatal life, they show a striking and
progressive loss of white and brown adipose tissues as they approach sexual
maturity. LmnaADKO mice exhibit
a surprisingly mild metabolic dysfunction on a chow diet, but on a high fat
diet they share many characteristics of FPLD2 including hyperglycemia, hepatic
steatosis, hyperinsulinemia, and almost undetectable circulating adiponectin
and leptin. Whereas LmnaADKO
mice have reduced regulated and
constitutive bone marrow adipose tissue with a concomitant increase in cortical
bone, FPLD2 patients have reduced bone mass and bone mineral density compared to
controls. In cell culture models of Lmna
deficiency, mesenchymal
precursors undergo adipogenesis
without impairment, whereas fully-differentiated adipocytes have increased
lipolytic responses to adrenergic stimuli. LmnaADKO mice faithfully reproduce many characteristics of
FPLD2 and thus provide a unique animal model to investigate mechanisms
underlying Lmna-dependent loss of
adipose tissues.
Improvement of business processes in modern shipping companies in the field of international sea fright transportation
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dvulit Zoryana , Tymoshchuk Olena ,   Institute of Water Transport, Petro Konashevych-Sahaydachniy State Maritime Academy, Levchenko Olha ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
Published: June 2021

In a market economy, there are a significant number of shipping companies that compete with each other and fight for maximum profits in a highly competitive environment. Competitive advantages lie in the plane of organization of the fleet, which relate mainly to the management of shipping companies. Operators of shipping companies establish tactical and strategic cooperation with freight forwarders and other participants in the logistics chain for the successful implementation of business processes and subprocesses. The study of the water transport of Ukraine from 2002 to 2020 revealed that in this period there were significant structural changes in freight turnover and traffic, which indicates the presence of serious systemic problems in management. If current trends continue, the national economy may lose such a strategically important sector. The shortcomings in the field of international maritime transport are caused, among other things, by inefficient management of business processes of Ukrainian shipping companies. The business process of a shipping company is a set of interdependent tasks and works aimed at creating a product or service to meet the needs of their customers. The business processes of shipping companies are due to the characteristics of staff and the processes of international trade. Thus, the personnel of shipping companies, concentrated in the operational units, provide a range of services that ensure the movement of goods and passengers with the required level of quality. The complex of such services is described by many business processes and represents the main processes of the shipping company. Improving the business processes of these companies must be viewed through the prism of the field of logistics, the main factors in the development of which are staff and international trade trends. Research and study of international experience in the field of business process management and its implementation in the activities of shipping companies of Ukraine to some extent will improve the declining trends in freight traffic and water transport, which have been observed in recent years.
Corporate social responsibility management
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stetsiv Iryna , Zubova A ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2021

The scientific article considers the issues of corporate social responsibility management. The main approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of corporate social responsibility measures are considered and the basic principles of evaluating the corporate social responsibility management system are determined. The basic principles of evaluation of the system of corporate social responsibility of the enterprise are analyzed, the main ones of which are: universality, predominance of performance indicators rather than efficiency, differentiation of indicators of external and internal environments instruments of strategic benchmarking in the social sphere in certain areas, such as training and development of employees, charity and sponsorship. A system of types of organizational profile is proposed in assessing the balance of corporate social responsibility management system, which takes into account the assessment of retrospective indicators, assessing the current state of corporate social responsibility and assessing the prospects of corporate social responsibility. The criteria for assessing the accumulated organizational experience in the field of corporate social responsibility and social investment, the criteria for assessing the current state of the corporate social responsibility system, the criteria for assessing the prospects for the development of the corporate social responsibility system are studied. The scheme of determining the type of organizational profile in assessing the balance of the corporate social responsibility system of the company and the system of four types: dynamic, indicates the company’s intention to make the area of corporate social responsibility a strategic factor of competitiveness; a balanced type of profile, which at a relatively high level of individual assessments speaks of a balanced social policy and successful practice of social investment; regressive profile, which signals to management that in the future the company may lose the benefits of sustainable development related to the social sphere and special attention should be paid to investment policy, risk assessment of social investment and balanced development of intellectual and social capital and the inertial profile reflects the complete absence of any CSR planning in the company.
Domestic and foreign experience of event management establishment and development
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mysyk Viktoria
Published: June 2021

The articles study domestic and foreign experience on the peculiarities of the formation and development of event management and event industry in general. Peculiarities of the historical perspective of event management development are considered. The state of the world inventory market is characterized and a comparative analysis with its state in the domestic territory is carried out. The change of the inventory industry under the influence of COVID-19 is investigated. The main problems of the event industry are considered and the prospects for further development of event management in Ukraine are analyzed. The pace of development of the event industry is growing every year both in Ukraine and in the world. It is quite difficult today to imagine the existence of any area of business without the use of event management tools and its methods. The goal of event management is to achieve concrete results, including those related to culture, society, environment and economy. Event management has only recently begun to be considered as a separate type of management activity, as previously only certain manifestations of it as a component of socio-cultural development, entertainment, marketing, political activity, etc. were observed. Many of the events that are now taken for granted, occurring in one form or another for hundreds of years. It can be noted that now event management is carried out not only directly by representatives of the event industry, for which the event itself is their main product, but also by companies engaged in other activities in various fields. In the process of its historical development, event management has undergone a number of changes, which ensured its formation and development to the current state. The COVID-19 pandemic has made adjustments to the development of the event industry, primarily in the form of blocking and extending travel restrictions. The world is rapidly moving to a virtual mode of existence, and major players in the event market are increasingly enhancing their digital presence. Current situation gave impetus to the development of online event management platforms that transfer the process of events from a real environment to a virtual one. Awareness of these changes and detailed study of domestic and foreign experience will help the modern entrepreneur to form and develop the most optimal and most effective event management that will meet the requirements of both the environment as a whole and a particular enterprise and ensure the achievement of its management goals.