bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Paclitaxel Derivatization: Enhanced Anticancer Action
Authors: Shrivastava Nansi , Mishra Rakhi , Tiwari Prashant , Singh Ayushi
Published: March 2023

Background:

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized
paclitaxel for the treatment of numerous types of cancer, including breast, lung, ovarian, and Kaposi's
sarcoma. It possesses all the characteristics of BCS class IV medications, including low bioavailability,
low water solubility, poor permeability, unpredictable and poor absorption, and inter- and intrasubject
variability.

Objective:

The purpose of this research was to evaluate previous efforts done to derivatize paclitaxel for
greater effectiveness.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted from a variety of sources, including published
research, review articles, and patents, that mainly focus on the derivatization of paclitaxel that has been
done in the last 10 years to enhance its solubility, permeability, and bioavailability. Different forms of
derivatization were done in order to improve the drug's ability to be absorbed by the body, as well as its
solubility and bioavailability.

Results:

This article explores the current and future strategies for increasing the anti-cancer efficacy of
paclitaxel by enhancing its bioavailability, solubility, and penetration efficacy. Some examples are lipidbased
delivery systems, polymer-based nanocarriers, crystal engineering (nanocrystals and co-crystals), liquidsolid
technologies, and self-emulsifying solid dispersions. Other strategies are also discussed in this article.

Conclusion:

It is quite likely that this review article will contain perfect fragments of evidence for building
a new model for the application of paclitaxel in the treatment of cancer.
An Ultrasound-assisted Three Component Protocol for the Regio and
Stereo-selective Synthesis of Some Novel Dispiroheterocycles and Their
Biological Evaluation as Anti-inflammatory, Anti-obesity Agents
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Saroha Bhavna , Lathwal Ekta , Kumar Gourav , Kumar Suresh , Kumar Ramesh , Arya Priyanka , Raghav Neera
Published: March 2023

Background:

The increasing utilization of spiro compounds in drug discovery, led us to design
and synthesize regioselectively some novel dispiroheterocycles, by a standard 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition
reaction between 6-hydroxyaurone and in situ generated azomethine ylides, using ultra-sonication as
green energy source. These results are first of its kind in the literature reported so far for the similar conditions.
After confirmation of the proposed structures spectroscopically, using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and
FT-IR spectral data, all the compounds are screened for their potential biological activities.

Methods:

Three component protocol, that contain (Z)-2-benzylidene-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one,
sarcosine and unsubstituted isatin. In which azomethine ylides react with olefinic dipolarophiles through
1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, which is highly regio- and stero-selective way in situ. Structures of the proposed
products have been confirmed using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FT-IR spectral data.

Results:

In order to screen the potential biological activities of the synthesized compounds, their effect
was observed on trypsin, amylase and lipase activities. Differential effect has been observed. Trypsin was
substantially activated whereas an inhibitory effect was observed for amylase and lipase supported by insilico
studies.

Conclusion:

Synthesis of six novel 6-hydroxy-1'-methyl-4'-phenyl-3H-dispiro[benzofuran-2,3'-
pyrrolidine-2',3''-indoline]-2'',3-dione derivatives have been made using a multicomponent greener protocol.
These synthesized compounds have exhibited differential effects toward trypsin, amylase and lipase
well supported by in-silico studies. Thus, the present study highlights their potential use as antiinflammatory
and anti-obesity agents.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted MRI Assessing the Effect of
the Vascular Disrupting Agent CA4P on VX2 Liver Tumors in Rabbits
Authors: Qian Ting , Yang Rong , Wang Yuzhe , Duan Qingqing
Published: March 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the response of combretastatin-A4-phosphate (CA4P) in rabbit VX2 liver tumors using intravoxel incoherent motion
diffusion-weighted MRI (IVIM DW-MRI).

Methods:

Forty rabbits with implanted VX2 liver tumors underwent baseline MRI and were then given 10 mg/kg CA4P (n=20) or saline (n=20). After 4 h,
10 rabbits from each group underwent an MRI examination and were then sacrificed. The remaining rabbits underwent MRI after 1, 3, and 7 days
and were then sacrificed. Liver samples were processed for H&E and immunohistochemical staining. IVIM parameters (D, f, D*) were compared
in the treatment and control groups, and the correlations of IVIM parameters with microvascular density (MVD) were determined.

Results:

At 4 h, the two treatment groups had significantly different f and D* values (p<0.001), and these values were at their minimum in the treatment
group. The treatment group had moderate correlations between MVD and f at 4 h (r=0.676, p=0.032) and 7 days (r=0.656, p=0.039) and with D* at
4 h (r=0.732, p=0.016) and 7 days (r=0.748, p=0.013), but no correlation was reported between MVD and f or D* in the control group (all P>0.05).

Conclusion:

IVIM DW-MRI is a sensitive imaging technique. It successfully evaluated the effect of CA4P on VX2 liver tumors in rabbits. The f and D* values
correlated with MVD at 4 h and 7 days after using CA4P, indicating that these parameters have the potential to be used as indicators of tumor
angiogenesis after treatment.
Identification of Signal of Clindamycin Associated Renal Failure Acute:
A Disproportionality Analysis
Authors: Javed Faiza , Kumar Anoop
Published: March 2023

Background:

Early signal detection from post-marketing studies play a vital role in the
safety of patients. Recent case reports have indicated the association of clindamycin with renal
failure acute. However, renal failure acute is not known to be associated with clindamycin. The
aim of the study was the identification of the potential signal of clindamycin-associated renal failure
acute.

Methods:

The OpenVigil 2.1-MedDRA-v24 was used to query the FAERS database. The Reporting
Odds Ratio (ROR) with a 95% confidence interval, was used to assess the association between
clindamycin and renal failure acute.

Results:

A total of 22326 cases associated with renal failure acute were found in OpenVigil 2.1-
MedDRA-v24. Among these 125 were associated with clindamycin. The ROR was found to be 3.2
(2.7, 3.8) which indicates a statistically significant association between clindamycin and renal failure
acute reporting. The signal strength was decreased after removing the cases of concomitantly
administered drugs, however, the association of clindamycin with renal failure acute reporting remains
statistically significant. The subgroup analysis results have also shown a positive signal of
clindamycin with renal failure acute.

Conclusions:

The current study identified a positive signal of clindamycin as renal failure acute.
However, further validation and causality assessment are required.
Biochemical, Serological and Immunological Tests for Diagnosis of Coronavirus
Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Azami Milad , Jamshidbeigi Amirreza , Ghaleh Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin , Ranjbar Reza
Published: March 2023

Background:

Recent studies have suggested the role of primary laboratory tests in addition
to clinical symptoms for patients suspected to have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which play
a significant role in the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, the results of these studies are contradictory.
The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical, serological, and immunological tests for
the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients.

Methods:

This study was presented in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. This protocol is registered
with the code CRD42019145410 in PROSPERO. We conducted a comprehensive literature
search in databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Scopus, Cochrane Library,
EMBASE, Science Direct, and EBSCO to find citations from the beginning of January 2019 until the
beginning of April 2020 without any restrictions.

Results:

Finally, 51 studies, including 5,490 COVID-19 patients, were included in the present metaanalysis.
The prevalence of different factors observed in laboratory findings was as follows: the prevalence
of lymphopenia in patients with COVID-19 accounted for 51.6% (95% CI: 44.0-59.1), elevated
C-reactive protein (CRP) was 63.6% (95% CI: 57.0-69.8), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
(ESR) was 62.5% (95% CI: 50.1-73.5), elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was 28.7% (95%
CI: 9.0-62.1), elevated serum amyloid-A level was 74.7% (95% CI: 50.0-89.7), elevated procalcitonin
level was 72.6% (95% CI: 58.1-83.5), elevated interleukin-6 level was 59.9% (95% CI: 48.2-70.5),
reduced CD3 level was 68.3% (95% CI: 50.1-82.2), reduced CD4 level was 62.0% (95% CI: 51.1-
71.6), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level accounted for 53.1% (95% CI: 43.6-62.4), elevated
brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) accounted for 48.9% (95% CI: 30.4-67.7), reduced albumin and reduced
pre-albumin levels in patients with COVID-19 were estimated to be 54.7% (95% CI: 38.1-70.2)
and 49.0% (95% CI: 26.6-71.8), and D-dimer level was 44.9% (95% CI: 31.0-59.6).

Conclusion:

The results show lymphopenia, elevated ESR level, elevated CRP level, elevated serum
amyloid-A, elevated TNFα, elevated procalcitonin level, elevated interleukin-6 level, reduced CD3,
reduced CD4, elevated BNP, elevated LDH, reduced albumin, reduced pre-albumin, and elevated Ddimer
levels as the most common findings at the time of admission.
An Analytic Review on Stock Market Price Prediction using Machine
Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Rath Swarnalata , Das Nilima R. , Pattanayak Binod Kumar
Published: March 2023

:

Anticipating stock market trends is a challenging endeavor that requires a lot of attention
because correctly predicting stock prices can lead to significant rewards if the right judgments are
made. Due to non-stationary, loud, and chaotic data, stock market prediction is challenging. Investors
need help to forecast where they should spend their money to make a profit. Investment methods
in the stock market are intricate and based on the analysis of large datasets. Expert analysts and
investors have placed a high value on developments in stock price prediction. Due to intrinsically
noisy settings and increased volatility concerning market trends, the stock market forecast for assessing
trends is tricky. The intricacies of stock prices are influenced by several elements, including
quarterly earnings releases, market news, and other altering habits. Traders use a number of
technical indicators based on stocks that are collected on a daily basis to make decisions. Even
though these indicators are used to analyze stock returns, predicting daily, and weekly market patterns
are difficult. Machine learning techniques have been extensively studied in recent years to see
if they might boost market predictions compared to legacy or conventional methods. The existing
methodologies have devised several strategies for predicting stock market trends. Various machine
learning and deep learning algorithms, such as SVM, DT, LR, NN, kNN, ANN, and CNN, can
boost performance in predicting the stock market. Based on a survey of current literature, this work
aims to identify future directions for machine learning stock market prediction research. This research
aims to provide a systematic literature review process to discover relevant peer-reviewed
journal papers from the last two decades and classify studies with similar methods and situations
into the machine learning approach and deep learning. In the current article, the methods and the
performance of those adopted methods will be identified for measuring the effectiveness of those
techniques.
Combination of Femoral and Parasacral Sciatic Nerve Block as Multimodal Pain Management in Post Hemiarthroplasty Surgery Patient
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Hermina Hospital, Malang Indonesia, Firdaus Faundra Arieza , Laksono Ristiawan Muji ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: The prevalence of femoral neck fractures is high in geriatric patients with a high mortality rate. Many geriatric patients have comorbidities and find it difficult to tolerate general or neuraxial anesthesia during hip hemiarthroplasty. A more safe technique in lower extremities using peripheral nerve blocks is preferred. The combination of sciatic nerve blocks and psoas compartments can supply adequate anesthesia for hip surgery thus reducing mortality. Femoral nerve blocks decrease the incidence of complications than psoas compartment blocks. Case: A 88-year-old female patient, 70 kg, with distal femoral subtrochanteric fracture accompanied by dislocation, hypertension emergency, hyperplasia heart disease (HHD), and heart failure stage B Fc II were undergoing hemiarthroplasty with regional anesthesia sciatic nerve block and femoral block. After surgery, a block was performed using regional anesthesia sub-arachnoid block bupivacaine 0,5% 7mg + fentanyl 25 µg + Morphin 0,1 µg, post-operative pain with ultrasound, the patient received 0.375% naropin and 50 mg trilac total volume 20 cm3. Then femoral block was done with 0.375% and 50 mg trilac total volume 20 cm3. Patients were observed for pain scale during hospitalization, time of mobilization, and length of stay. Post-operative hemodynamic was stable, the pain scale using VAS assessment was 0-1 during hospitalization without additional opioid analgesia, active mobilization began on the 2nd day, and the length of stay was 3 days. Conclusion: The combination of a femoral and sciatic nerve block to the proximal part of the skin incision can supply adequate pain compliance for hip hemiarthroplasty.
Formação continuada de psicólogas escolares: ampliando ações promotoras de desenvolvimento humano
Authors: Aquino Fabíola de Sousa  Braz , Bezerra Henrique Jorge Simões , Souza Bianca Fernandes de , Gomes Eberton Dyêgo Silva , Gomes Rafaela Aparecida
Published: March 2023

Apresenta-se um relato de experiência de um Curso de Extensão em formação continuada direcionada a psicólogas escolares que atuam em contextos públicos de educação e discutem-se seus impactos na atuação profissional. Os encontros ocorreram quinzenalmente, entre os meses de março e dezembro do ano de 2019, e contaram com a participação de 12 psicólogas escolares da Paraíba, um estado do Nordeste brasileiro. O curso objetiva assessorar e acompanhar as atividades das profissionais e favorecer a apropriação de ferramentas teóricas, metodológicas e técnicas para o contexto escolar educacional. As reuniões foram mediadas por textos sobre a psicologia escolar e elementos estéticos. Os encontros foram registrados em atas que continham os relatos das participantes sobre os impactos do aprofundamento ético, teórico, metodológico e técnico em suas práticas. Ao final do curso, verificou-se: a construção colaborativa de processos de ação-reflexão-ação no desenvolvimento de atividades; o reconhecimento do protagonismo e do valor do saber e das estratégias utilizadas pelas profissionais em seu cotidiano institucional; e a motivação para dar seguimento à formação continuada.
Histomorphological study of the effect of mint on the uterus and ovary of adult Wistar rats
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, India, Soy Arpita , Baa Jeneeta ,   Department of Anatomy, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, India, Bara Dibya Prabha ,   Department of Anatomy, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, India
Published: March 2023

Mentha piperita is a medicinal plant used for treating human diseases for thousands of years. However, the traditional medicinal usage of herbs by humans is imperfect and unscientific by modern standards. It is the result of countless trial-and-error tests that people have conducted, and so traditional usage points the way to natural therapeutic usage. "Natural" does not necessarily mean "safe." This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extract of Mentha piperita leaves on histo-morphological changes in the ovary and uterus of adult female Wistar rats. Hence this study was undertaken to evaluate its impact on the gonadal organ in female Wistar albino rats in 18 female albino rats of age 6-8 weeks which were divided into 3 groups. Group I was treated as control, Group II and III received orally 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of ethanolic extract of Mentha piperita respectively for 60 days. Then the rats were sacrificed and the ovaries and uterus were processed for haematoxylin and eosin staining to study the effect on the estrous phase, ovulation, and implantation. The ovarian germinal epithelium was found to be flattened at places and disrupted. The stroma shows more fibrosis with severe degeneration. Granulosa cells are also disrupted. Follicles show features of degeneration. Degenerating oocytes are also seen in places. The endometrium lining epithelium is disrupted, vascularity was increased and the myometrium has become edematous. It is shown in previous studies that Mentha arvensis, Mentha spicate (spearmint), and Mentha piperita have got adverse effects on the reproductive system but in our study on female fertility, we found that Mentha piperita showed increased folliculogenesis and many degenerated follicles at different stages of development.
Neurostimulation for Traumatic Brain Injury: Emerging Innovation
Authors: Diaz Michael Joseph , Root Kevin Thomas , Beneke Alice , Penev Yordan , Lucke-Wold Brandon
Published: March 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant source of brain deficit and death among neurosurgical patients, with limited prospects for functional recovery in the cases of moderate-to-severe injury. Until now, the relevant body of literature on TBI intervention has focused on first-line, invasive treatment options (namely craniectomy and hematoma evacuation) with underwhelming focus on non-invasive therapies following surgical stabilization. Recent advances in our understanding of the impaired brain have encouraged deeper investigation of neurostimulation strategies, owed largely to its demonstrated livening of damaged neural circuitry and capacity to stabilize erratic network activity. The objective of the present study is to provide a scoping review of new knowledge in neurostimulation published in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from inception to November 2022. We critically assess and appraise the available data on primary neurostimulation delivery techniques, with marked emphasis on restorative opportunities for accessory neurostimulation in the interdisciplinary care of moderate-to-severe TBI (msTBI) patients. These data identify two primary future directions: 1) to relate obtained gain-of-function outcomes to hemodynamic and histological changes and 2) to develop a clearer understanding of neurostimulation efficacy, when combined with pharmacologic interventions or other modulatory techniques, for complex brain insult.
Research Status and Emerging Trends in Virtual Reality Rehabilitation: Bibliometric and Knowledge Graph Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fan Ting , Wang Xiaobei , Song Xiaoxi , Zhao Gang , Zhang Zhichang
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely used in rehabilitation training because of its immersive, interactive, and imaginative features. A comprehensive bibliometric review is required to help researchers focus on future directions based on the new deﬁnitions of VR technologies in rehabilitation, which reveal new situations and requirements.

OBJECTIVE

Herein, we aimed to summarize effective research methods for and potential innovative approaches to VR rehabilitation by evaluating publications from various countries to encourage research on efficient strategies to improve VR rehabilitation.

METHODS

The SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded) database was searched on January 20, 2022, for publications related to the application of VR technology in rehabilitation research. We found 1617 papers, and we created a clustered network, using the 46,116 references cited in the papers. CiteSpace V (Drexel University) and VOSviewer (Leiden University) were used to identify countries, institutions, journals, keywords, cocited references, and research hot spots.

RESULTS

A total of 63 countries and 1921 institutes have contributed publications. The United States of America has taken the leading position in this field; it has the highest number of publications; the highest h-index; and the largest collaborative network, which includes other countries. The reference clusters of SCIE papers were divided into the following nine categories: kinematics, neurorehabilitation, brain injury, exergames, aging, motor rehabilitation, mobility, cerebral palsy, and exercise intensity. The research frontiers were represented by the following keywords: video games (2017-2021), and young adults (2018-2021).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study comprehensively assesses the current research state of VR rehabilitation and analyzes the current research hot spots and future trends in the field, with the aims of providing resources for more intensive investigation and encouraging more researchers to further develop VR rehabilitation.
Vertical Integration of Electronic Health Records in Medical Consortiums: Dynamic Modeling Approach Based on the Evolutionary Game Theory (Preprint)
Authors: Tian Shenghu , Chen Yu
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

China has continuously issued policies to speed up the interconnection, mutual recognition, sharing of medical information systems, and data integration management across regions and institutions. However, the vertical integration of electronic health records (EHRs) within the medical consortium is hampered by “poor mechanism and insufficient motivation” and the phenomenon of “free riding” among participating medical institutions, which makes the integration less effective.

OBJECTIVE

We hope to clarify the game mechanism of stakeholders in the vertical integration of EHRs, and put forward targeted policy suggestions for improvement.

METHODS

We constructed the “government-hospital-patient” tripartite evolutionary game model based on the detailed analysis of the research problems and their assumptions. We then simulated the game strategies and outcomes of each participant using the system dynamics approach to reveal the long-term strategy evolution mechanism of the core participants in the vertical integration of EHRs in the medical consortium, as well as the influencing factors and action mechanisms of each party’s strategy evolution to provide references for improving relevant policies.

RESULTS

The evolutionary game system could eventually reach an optimal equilibrium, but in areas where the government was required to be in a dominant position, patient supervision was necessary to have a positive role, while a reasonable reward and punishment mechanism can promote active participation of hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

The effective way to achieve the goal of vertical integration of EHRs in the medical consortium is to build a multiagent coordination mechanism under the guidance of the government. Meanwhile, it is necessary to establish a scientific integration performance evaluation mechanism, a reward and punishment mechanism, and a benefit distribution mechanism to promote the healthy development of vertical integration of EHRs in medical consortiums.
Development of an Information Guideline for Kidney Transplant Recipients in a Clinical Trial: Protocol for a Modified Delphi Method (Preprint)
Authors: Faraldo-Cabana Araceli , Sánchez-Fructuoso Ana , Pérez-Flores Isabel , Beneit-Montesinos Juan Vicente , Muñoz-Jiménez Daniel , Peix Jiménez Belén , Asensio Arredondo Sara , Nuño Santana Enriqueta Isabel , Santana Valeros María José , Hidalgo González Virginia , González García Fernando , Ortuño-Soriano Ismael
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for most cases of end-stage renal disease. Recipients need to lead a healthy lifestyle to minimize the potential side effects of immunosuppressive drugs and improve transplant outcomes. There is not much evidence about the best way to increase adherence to healthy lifestyles in kidney transplant recipients, so one of the objectives set by the nursing team is to train people to acquire the necessary skills and tools to be able to take care of themselves. In this sense, the consensual development of appropriate materials may be useful and of interest.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop an information guide for adults with kidney transplants to be assessed in a subsequent clinical trial as an intervention to increase adherence to healthy habits.

METHODS

We used a 3-step, methodological, sequential approach: (1) training from a group of experts and item consensus; (2) review of the medical literature available; and (3) use of the Delphi technique with on-site meetings. A total of 5 nurses from the Community of Madrid Kidney Transplantation Unit in Spain were asked to participate. The patients’ lifestyle factors that, according to the medical literature available and experts’ opinions, have the greatest impact on the survival of the transplanted organ and the recipients themselves were all described.

RESULTS

After using the modified Delphi method to reach a consensus on the items to be included and the information needed in each, an information guide for adult kidney transplant patients was developed. This guide facilitates the structuring of health care, information, and recommendations necessary for effective self-care for each person. The result is considered to be an easy-to-understand tool, useful for transplant doctors and nurses, in simple language, with information based on the latest scientific-medical evidence published to date, aspects of which will be evaluated in a clinical trial designed for this purpose.

CONCLUSIONS

Currently, this guide is the main intervention variable of a clinical trial (registered on ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT05715580) aimed at improving compliance with healthy habits in kidney transplant recipients in the Community of Madrid, Spain. The method used in its development has been useful and agile, and the result is a guide that can be easily updated periodically following the same procedure.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/46961
Can a Mobile Game-like Intervention Help Women with Anxiety and Depression? Examining real world data of ‘OCD.app - Anxiety, Mood & Sleep’ (Preprint)
Authors: Gamoran Avi , Brunstein-klomek Anat , Doron Guy
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Anxiety and depression symptoms are a significant mental health challenge for women in the reproductive age and midlife. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) based mobile health (mHealth) interventions may be a viable solution for addressing the treatment gap for women at these ages.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to analyze the real world data of ‘OCD.app - Anxiety, Mood & Sleep’, a mobile app with brief CBT-based daily exercises targeting maladaptive beliefs in multiple domains. In this study we focused on modules targeting anxiety and depression related cognitions.

METHODS

We collected real world data of women using the CBT based app “OCD.app - Anxiety, Mood & Sleep” from October 2020 to January 2023. Women’s levels of anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) were evaluated prior to the intervention (T0), at the payment barrier (T1), and upon completion of the intervention (T-Final).

RESULTS

Women’s dropout rates were associated with younger age and more severe symptoms. Large effect-size reductions were found at T1 (n= 1,554; Cohen’s d = 0.702) and T-Final (n=491; Cohen’s d = 0.774) with 37.9% reaching clinically significant improvement in anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 change>4). Similar analyses of women’s PHQ-9 scores indicated small effect-size reductions at T1 (n=512; Cohen’s d = 0.34) and moderate effect-size decreases at T-Final (n=140; Cohen’s d = 0.489) with 23.6% of women reaching clinically significant improvement in depression symptoms (PHQ-9 change>5).

CONCLUSIONS

Results support the effectiveness of brief CBT-based mHealth interventions for women with depression and anxiety symptoms in real world settings.
The Fragmented Self: An Analysis of Raskolnikov's Dualistic Nature in Crime and Punishment
Authors: Ali Mir Mahammad
Published: March 2023

In Dostoevsky's masterpiece Crime and Punishment, the character of Raskolnikov stands out as one of the most complex and enigmatic figures in all of literature. A brooding, intelligent, and deeply troubled young man, Raskolnikov embodies a range of contradictory impulses and emotions that make him both fascinating and disturbing. At the heart of Raskolnikov's character is his belief in his own superiority. He sees himself as a man of great intelligence and talent, one who is destined to make his mark on the world. This sense of superiority leads him to believe in his own right to commit murder, and it is this belief that ultimately drives the plot of the novel. Yet at the same time, Raskolnikov is also haunted by a sense of guilt and self-doubt. He cannot fully justify his actions to himself and is plagued by the fear of being caught and punished for his crime. This internal conflict leads him to a state of near-madness, and he becomes increasingly erratic and unpredictable as the novel progresses. This paper attempts to make a psychological study of the character of Raskolnikov by focusing on the element of dualism, mental anguish, alienation or monomania, morality, crime, suffering, and redemption.
Assessment Outcomes Dyslipidaemia in Dialysis Patient
Authors: Alhelu Sabah Ali Jaber , AL-Zaidy Thaer Jabbar , Tailan Ayad Hameed
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease is defined as the presence, for more than three months, of changes in the structure or function of the kidneys, secondary to a progressive decline in the number of nephrons, with a consequent deterioration in health resulting from the inability of the kidneys to perform their excretory functions, softener, and metabolism. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical condition caused by the progressive and progressive loss of kidney function. Chronic kidney disease is not only implicated by the gradual deterioration of quality of life and life expectancy when it progresses to more advanced stages but also by the increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which is the leading cause of death in these patients. Aim: This paper aims to assess the outcomes of dyslipidemia in a dialysis patient. Patients and method: In this study, a descriptive cross-sectional study was applied to study the Assessment Outcomes of Dyslipidemia in Dialysis Patients in Iraq from 4th January 2021 to 7th August 2022. Data were collected for 150 patients in different hospitals in Iraq, where the patients were divided into two groups, the first group of patients, which included DIALYSIS PATIENTS, which included 80, and the second group, the control group, which included patients, which include 70 patients. Results and discussions: collected 150 cases distributed according to dialysis patients (80) and controls (70); the most frequent ages in this study ranged from 40-49 years old 34 (42.5%) patients group, 33 (47.14%) control group with a statistical difference of 0.0831. In this study was evaluated the Outcomes of dyslipidemia in a dialysis patient. Imbalances were found in levels of dyslipidemia which LDL 5.12±3.4 of the patients' group, as for the control group 2.1±3.3-HDL 2.43±2.4 of the patients' group, 1.4±1.5 for the control group, TRIGLYCERIDE 1.75±1.8 of patients group, 0.55±0.43 for the control group with A statistically significant relationship were found between dyslipidemia levels and outcomes in the group of patients at P value < 0.05.
Detection molecular for microdeletions of the Y chromosome in IVF technique
Authors: Hussein Mustafa Faeq Kazem , Othman Israa Sami , Al-Ayashn Mohammed Abdulfatah , Al-Salihi Abbas Abdul Wahhab Jumaah , Ismael Khaleel Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

Y chromosome microdeletion tests are the basis of success IVF technique to disclose the real problem for patients males (oligozoospermia) to reproductive treatment. The present study to showed the relationship between microdeletion and IVF technique, then early detection of Y chromosome microdeletion is auxiliary to venereal treatment, particularly in those young patients with AZFc deletion. The study was used 65 patients, males (oligozoospermia ) and ten normal males, as control. DNA was recovered and treated, which was used for Y (CMD) through PCR SYBR Green real-time PCR for the amplification of three loci AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc regions. Our results showed only six samples (9 %) of single micro-deletions in the Y chromosome. Finally, the early diagnosis is very important for oligozoospermia patients whose will undergo the IVF technique. Kew word: Y chromosome, IVF technique, SYBER Green, Oligozoospermia.
Spatial-temporal drought characteristics in the Pearl River basin in the last 60 years based on the MCI of Penman-Monteith
Authors: Yu Haixia , Yang Dandan , Liu Bingjun , Fu Jianyu , Liang Zhihao
Published: March 2023

The Pearl River Basin is prone to drought, and it is of great practical
significance to use the comprehensive meteorological drought index to
accurately assess its spatial and temporal variability. Based on the
daily MCI values of 75 meteorological stations in the Pearl River Basin
from 1961 to 2020, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of
drought days, drought station ratio, drought impact range, and
cumulative drought intensity are analyzed by using Kriging spatial
interpolation, linear trend analysis, Mann-Kendall mutation test and
empirical orthogonal function (EOF). The results show that the
distribution of drought days generally shows a decreasing trend from the
middle of the basin to the east and west, and areawide and local
droughts are prone to occur. Drought days are highest in winter,
followed by spring and autumn, and lowest in summer. Spatially, the
distribution is more west than east in spring and winter, less west than
east in autumn, and very few drought days in summer throughout the
basin. The cumulative drought intensity is close to the same trend as
the drought impact, showing a positive correlation. The first mode of
cumulative drought intensity’s EOF expansion reflects consistent
basin-wide drought variation, while the second mode reflects the spatial
distribution characteristics of the inverse phase variation in the
western and eastern parts of the basin.
A prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time revealing a childhood systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: krichen imen , Hssairi Manel , Megdiche Fatma , Gargouri Lamia , Moalla Imen , Mahfoudh Abdelmagid , Kallel Choumous
Published: March 2023

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a rare
multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory and
autoimmune reaction in several organs. The diagnosis can be difficult
due to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. Early diagnosis can
lead to a proper diagnosis and treatment to control inflammation and to
avoid life-threatening complications.
A Novel MIMO SMC for Comprehensive Unified Control of the Cascaded DC-DC and DC-AC Converters in Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: firouz Mansour hosseini , Radmand Fereshteh , Salimi Mahdi , Babaei Ebrahim
Published: March 2023

It is well-known that DC-DC boost converters are cascaded with DC-AC
inverters for grid connection of the photovoltaic (PV) systems. In the
traditional control approaches, the mentioned DC-DC and DC-AC converters
are controlled separately to facilitate the controller design problem.
However, from the controller design viewpoint, the overall structure of
the grid connected PV generator is a multi-input multi-output (MIMO)
system. The duty-cycle of the DC-DC converter and Inverter modulation
index are the control inputs and on the other hand, generated
photovoltaic DC power, and exported power to the grid are control
outputs. Moreover, the inverter DC link voltage should be stabilized by
the closed-loop controller as well as an internal control output. If
controllers are designed separately, it means that the interaction
between DC-DC and DC-AC controllers isn’t considered accurately and
since the isolated models of DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter are
extracted based on some approximated assumptions, separate controller
design cannot guarantee stability and robustness of the whole system in
a wide range of operation. To cope with these problems, in this paper, a
novel MIMO sliding mode controller (SMC) is developed for comprehensive
closed-loop control of the DC-DC boost converter cascaded with a
single-phase DC-AC grid connected photovoltaic inverter. In the proposed
approach, the dynamic model of whole system is developed comprehensively
at first and then a unique MIMO controller is designed to control both
DC-to-AC and DC-to-DC converters together. To cope with the nonlinear
characteristic of the system and uncertainty of model parameters in a
wide range, a fixed-frequency SMC is developed using the comprehensive
state space model of the closed loop system. In the proposed MIMO-SMC
controller, the AC power (which is exported to the grid) and operating
point of the PV source are controlled via inverter modulation index and
duty cycle of the DC-DC boost converter respectively. Another major
advantage of the proposed system is mitigating the non-minimum phase
characteristic of the boost converter through the indirect control of
inverter DC link capacitor. To evaluate the performance of the designed
control system, simulation results are compared with a standard linear
PI controller. It is shown that the developed system has zero
steady-state error and enjoys faster dynamic response during the
start-up and step changes of AC and DC current references. Moreover, it
can maintain the stability of closed-loop systems in a wide range of
operations.
Evaluating real-time control of stormwater drainage network and green stormwater infrastructure for enhancing flooding resilience under future rainfall projections
Authors: Li Jiada , Burian Steven
Published: March 2023

Traditional stormwater control measures are designed to handle system
loadings induced by fixed-size storm events. However, climate change is
predicted to alter the frequency and intensity of flooding events,
stimulating the need to explore another more adaptive flooding solution
like real-time control (RTC). This study assesses the performance of RTC
to mitigate impacts of climate change on urban flooding resilience. A
simulated, yet realistic, urban drainage system in Salt Lake City, Utah,
USA, shows that RTC improves the flooding resilience by up to 17% under
climatic rainfall changes. Compared with green stormwatrer
infrastructure (GSI), RTC exhibits a lower resistibility, lower flooding
failure level, and higher recovery rate in system performance curves.
Results articulate that keeping RTC’s performance consistent under
‘back-to-back’ storms requires a tradeoff between upstream dynamical
operation and downstream flooding functionality loss. This research
suggests that RTC provides a new path towards smart and resilient
stormwater management strategy.
Projected rainfall and temperature anomalies expected to worsen social vulnerability in Kenya
Authors: Macharia Denis , Ouma Gilbert , Oludhe Christopher , Misiani Herbert , Wahome Anastasia , Mugo Robinson
Published: March 2023

Long-term climate resilience and poverty eradication in Kenya are expected to be affected by continued global warming. Using observed climate data and projections from a regionally downscaled global climate model, and environmental and socioeconomic data, we mapped hotspots of climate change vulnerability to support the prioritization of resilience-building interventions. Significant decreasing trends in rainfall were found in most of the eastern and coastal areas of the country. High rainfall variability was observed in most arid and semi-arid regions. A higher increase in mean annual temperatures was observed in the cooler highlands of central and western regions and lower in the arid and semi-arid regions. The decreasing trends in rainfall coupled with high variability and increases in mean temperatures were projected to continue. Similarly, hotspots of high vulnerability were mostly located in arid and semi-arid regions. The vulnerability was mainly driven by climate stresses that were observed in these areas including high temperatures, high rainfall variability, decreasing rainfall, and where access to clean water, good housing, health services, and market services was poor. Additionally, these areas had high poverty rates and occupied about 68% of the country with an estimated population of eight million people in 2016. Projections show that “high” vulnerability could increase by 45% and 47% under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 respectively, roping in an additional 5–9 million people by 2050. The vulnerability maps developed here can be used to establish drought impact models that take into account existing adaptation measures, and the expected intensification of vulnerability with climate change. In addition, they can also be used to drive adaptation funding models that are tied to outcomes that result in significant and scalable benefits.
Uncertainty in projected critical soil moisture values in CMIP6 affects the interpretation of a more moisture-limited world
Authors: Hsu Hsin , Dirmeyer Paul A
Published: March 2023

Evaporation is controlled by soil moisture (SM) availability when
conditions are not extremely wet. In such a moisture-limited regime,
land-atmosphere coupling is active, and a chain of linked processes
allow land surface anomalies to affect weather and climate. How
frequently any location is in a moisture-limited regime largely
determines the intensity of land feedbacks on climate. Conventionally
this has been quantified by shifting probability distributions of SM,
but the boundary between moisture-limited and energy-limited regimes,
called the critical soil moisture (CSM) value, can also change. CSM is
an emergent property of the land-atmosphere system, determined by the
balance of radiative, thermal and kinetic energy factors. We propose a
novel framework to separate the contributions of these separate effects
on the likelihood that SM lies in the moisture-limited regime. We
confirm that global warming leads to a more moisture-limited world. This
is attributed to reduced SM in most regions: the moisture effect. CSM
changes mainly due to shifts in the surface energy budget, significantly
affecting 27% of the globe in analyzed climate change simulations.
However, consistency among Earth system models regarding CSM change is
low. The poor agreement hints that variability of CSM in models and the
factors that determine CSM are not well represented. The fidelity of CSM
in Earth system models has been overlooked as a factor in water cycle
projections. Careful assessment of CSM in nature and for model
development should be a priority, with potential benefits for multiple
research fields including meteorology, hydrology, and ecology.
Satellite-based long-term spatiotemporal trends in ambient NO2 concentrations and attributable health burdens in China from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Huang Keyong , Zhu Qingyang , Lu Xiangfeng , Gu Dongfeng , Liu Yang
Published: March 2023

Limited research has assessed the spatio-temporal distribution and
chronic health effects of NO2 exposure, especially in developing
countries, due to the lack of historical NO2 data. A gap-filling model
was first adopted to impute the missing NO2 column densities from
satellite, then an ensemble machine learning model incorporating three
base learners was developed to estimate the spatiotemporal pattern of
monthly mean NO2 concentrations at 0.05° spatial resolution from 2005 to
2020 in China. Further, we applied the exposure dataset with
epidemiologically derived exposure response relations to estimate the
annual NO2 associated mortality burdens in China. The coverage of
satellite NO2 column densities increased from 46.9% to 100% after
gap-filling. The ensemble model predictions had good agreement with
observations, and the overall, temporal and spatial cross-validation
(CV) R2 were 0.88, 0.82 and 0.73, respectively. In addition, our model
can provide accurate historical NO2 concentrations, with both by-year CV
R2 and external separate year validation R2 achieving 0.80. The
estimated national NO2 levels showed a increasing trend during
2005-2011, then decreased gradually until 2020, especially in 2012-2015.
The estimated annual mortality burden attributable to long-term NO2
exposure ranged from 305 thousand to 416 thousand, and varied
considerably across provinces in China. This satellite-based ensemble
model could provide reliable long-term NO2 predictions at a high spatial
resolution with complete coverage for environmental and epidemiological
studies in China. Our results also highlighted the heavy disease burden
by NO2 and call for more targeted policies to reduce the emission of
nitrogen oxides in China.
Skillful multi-month predictions of ecosystem stressors in the surface and subsurface ocean
Authors: Mogen Samuel , Lovenduski Nicole Suzanne , Yeager Stephen , Keppler Lydia , Sharp Jonathan , Bograd Steven J. , Quirós Nathalí Cordero , Lorenzo Emanuele Di , Hazen Elliott L. , Jacox Michael G , Buil Mercedes Pozo
Published: March 2023

Anthropogenic carbon emissions and associated climate change are driving
rapid warming, acidification, and deoxygenation in the ocean, which
increasingly stress marine ecosystems. On top of long-term trends, short
term variability of marine stressors can have major implications for
marine ecosystems and their management. As such, there is a growing need
for predictions of marine ecosystems on monthly, seasonal, and
multi-month timescales. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability
to make reliable predictions of the surface ocean physical and
biogeochemical state months to years in advance, but few studies have
investigated forecasts of multiple stressors simultaneously or assessed
the forecast skill below the surface. Here, we use the Community Earth
System Model (CESM) Seasonal to Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) along
with novel observation-based biogeochemical and physical products to
quantify the predictive skill of dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved
oxygen, and temperature in the surface and subsurface ocean. CESM SMYLE
demonstrates high physical and biogeochemical predictive skill multiple
months in advance in key oceanic regions and frequently outperforms
persistence forecasts. We find up to 10 months of skillful forecasts,
with particularly high skill in the Northeast Pacific (Gulf of Alaska
and California Current Large Marine Ecosystems) for temperature, surface
DIC, and subsurface oxygen. Our findings suggest that dynamical marine
ecosystem prediction could support actionable advice for decision
making.