bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi dan Analisis Nilai Hamburbalik Objek Dasar Di Perairan Punggur Batam
Authors: Simanjuntak Bryan Felix , Pujiyati Sri , Solikin Steven , Lubis Muhammad Zainuddin
Published: October 2023

Deteksi objek dasar perairan merupakan proses analisa objek yang menggunakan kemampuan teknologi sonar. Side scan sonar (SSS) adalah alat yang menggunakan komponen satu beam (Single beam) yang dapat menampilkan citra dalam bentuk dua dimensi (2D). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan mendeteksi objek dasar di Perairan Punggur Batam. Penggunaan data side scan sonar sangat efisien dalam mengidentifikasi Perairan Punggur Batam. Data side scan sonar dengan format Xtf diproses dengan menggunakan koreksi radiometrik dan geometrik melalui perangkat lunak SonarWiz 7 untuk mendapatkan klasifikasi citra. Proses ekstraksi data menggunakan perangkat lunak SeiSee 2.2 untuk menampilkan nilai amplitudo dan waktu. Trace diambil sesuai nomor ping target. Trace data dikonversi ke dalam format txt atau xls kemudian data trace diinput ke dalam perangkat lunak Matlab r2017a untuk menampilkan grafik amplitudo (mV). Analisis hamburbalik menggunakan perhitungan logaritma yaitu 20Log10 (Vt/V0) dengan Vt merupakan dominan dan V0 amplitudo maksimum. Berdasarkan hamburbalik SSS di perairan Punggur Batam diperoleh 6 target yang memiliki nilai hamburbalik -3,32 dB, -5,71 dB, -1,13 dB, -6,81 dB, -4,86 dB, dan -3,74 dB. Nilai hamburbalik digunakan untuk menduga jenis target yang ada di perairan Punggur, yaitu karang besar, karang sedang, batu besar, batu sedang, serta batu cukup besar. Besar kecilnya nilai hamburbalik yang didapatkan dipengaruhi oleh amplitudo target.  Detection of underwater objects is an object analysis process that uses the capabilities of sonar technology. Side scan sonar is a tool that uses Single beam which can display images in two dimensions (2D). The purpose of this study is to analyze and detect objects on the bottom of the waters. The use of side scan sonar data is very efficient in identifying Punggur Batam Waters. Side scan sonar (SSS) data in Xtf format was processed using radiometric and geometric corre ctions with SonarWiz 7 software to obtain image classifications. The data extraction process used SeiSee 2.2 software to show the amplitude and time values. Traces were taken based on the target ping number. The trace data were converted into txt or xls format then the trace data was inputted into the Matlab r2017a software to show an amplitude (mV) graph. The backscatter analysis used a logarithmic calculation, 20Log10 (Vt/V0) with Vt being the dominant and V0 being the maximum amplitude. Based on the SSS backscattering in the waters of Punggur Batam we got 6 targets which had backscatter values about -3.32 dB, -5.71 dB, -1.13 dB, -6.81 dB, -4.86 dB, and -3.74 dB. The backscatter value is used to estimate the types of targets in Punggur waters, namely large corals, medium corals, large rocks, medium rocks, and quite large rocks. The size of the backscatter value was influenced by the target amplitude.
Potensi Kandungan Makro Nutrisi Polychaeta Diopatra sp. dari Kawasan Manggrove Jeruklegi Kabupaten Cilacap Sebagai Pakan Udang
Authors: Wibowo Eko Setio , Atang Atang , Palupi Endah Sri , Setiyono Eko , Susilo Untung
Published: October 2023

Polychaeta Diopatra sp. banyak ditemukan di daerah kawasan mangrove Cilacap dan banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai umpan.  Pengambilan polychaeta secara masif dari habitatnya untuk tujuan komersial dianggap tidak berkelanjutan bagi lingkungan, karena berkontribusi pada menipisnya sumber daya alam.  Pemanfaatan cacing ini sebagai umpan sudah banyak dilakukan tetapi masih belum banyak informasi tentang kandungan nutrisinya, sehingga perlu dilakukan studi tentang kandungan nutrisi cacing Diopatra sp untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan pakan udang di wilayah ini sebagai informasi usaha pengembangan budidaya.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di daerah mangrove Jeruklegi kabupaten Cilacap dalam empat stasiun dengan tiga titik pengambilan sampel dan pengulangan tiga kali setiap dua minggu sekali.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan nutrien cacing Diopatra sp. dari empat stasiun pengambilan tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05), dengan kandungan protein rata-rata 51,07-53,66%, kandungan lemak rata-rata 6,46-9,52% dan kandungan rata-rata karbohidrat 6,47-7,55%.  Kandungan makronutrien Diopatra sp. berpotensi menjadi bahan baku pakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein dan lemak budidaya udang dan ikan.  Polychaeta Diopatra sp. is commonly found in the Cilacap mangrove area and widely used as bait. Massive exploitation of polychaeta from their habitat for commercial purposes is considered unsustainable for the environment, as it contributes to the depletion of natural resources. The use of these worms as bait has been widely carried out but there is still not much information about their nutritional content, so it is necessary to study the nutritional content of Diopatra sp. worms to be used as shrimp feed ingredients in this region as information on aquaculture development efforts. This research was conducted by survey method. Sampling was carried out in the Jeruklegi mangrove area, Cilacap district in four stations with three sampling points and repeated three times every two weeks. The results showed that the nutrient content of Diopatra sp. from the four sampling stations was not significantly different (p>0.05), with an average protein content of 51.07-53.66%, an average fat content of 6.46-9.52% and an average carbohydrate content of 6.47-7.55%. Diopatra sp.'s macronutrient content can potentially be a raw material for feed to meet the protein and fat needs of shrimp and fish farming.
Efficient Provision of Public Goods: Supply and Demand of Public Libraries in Colombia
Authors: Andrade  Agudelo Doris  Lilia , Fernández-Cantero Angy Lorena , Velásquez-Galeano. Dayana Andrea
Published: October 2023

The present research aims to carry out a study on the supply of public libraries in Colombia and the variables that determine their demand. To analyze the supply, the Directory of Public Libraries provided by the National Library of Colombia is used, and the data of demand for libraries is analyzed through a probit econometric model, using microdata from the Cultural Consumption Survey implemented by the National Department of Statistics (DANE). The results obtained from this research show the geographical distribution of the supply of public libraries in the country, by regions and departments, and in the analysis of the demand, it can be determined that the educational level is the most decisive factor in the use of the public library. In general, this study reveals that young and single people are those who are most likely to use these facilities as well as women and people who are inactive.
La transorganización como respuesta estructural de las micro-organizaciones creativas
Authors: Cortázar Triana Daniel
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se trabaja el concepto transorganización de Eikhof (2014) y se propone como forma para describir a las micro-organizaciones creativas, que se plantea son bastante significativas en el campo de las industrias creativas. A partir de esta contextualización teórica, se busca proponer la auto-gestión como la estrategia principal que utilizan estas organizaciones para enfrentarse a su contexto ambiguo e incierto y así poder utilizar la improvisación (Hatch, 1990) desde el flojo acoplamiento de funciones (Douglas y Weick, 1990) como estructuración. Para eso el trabajo propone los acercamientos teóricos que ha tenido la academia frente al emprendimiento creativo y así centrarse en estos conceptos teóricos; posteriormente analiza el efecto de dichos conceptos desde la economía; presenta la herramienta metodológica utilizada desde un enfoque cualitativo del estudio de caso con observación participante y entrevistas a profundidad; finalmente hace un estudio de tres casos de micro-organizaciones creativas en la música para darle cabida empírica a la propuesta teórica inicial.
Wolff potentials and local behavior of solutions to elliptic problems with Orlicz growth and measure data
Authors: Chlebicka Iwona , Giannetti Flavia , Zatorska-Goldstein Anna
Published: October 2023

We establish pointwise bounds expressed in terms of a nonlinear potential of a generalized Wolff type for

𝒜

{{\mathcal{A}}}

-superharmonic functions with nonlinear operator

𝒜
:

Ω
×

ℝ
n

→

ℝ
n

{{\mathcal{A}}:\Omega\times{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\to{\mathbb{R}^{n}}}

having measurable dependence on the spacial variable and Orlicz growth with respect to the last variable. The result is sharp as the same potential controls estimates from above and from below. Applying it we provide a bunch of precise regularity results including continuity and Hölder continuity for solutions to problems involving measures that satisfy conditions expressed in the natural scales. Finally, we give a variant of Hedberg–Wolff theorem on characterization of the dual of the Orlicz space.
A novel approach for minimising anti-aliasing effects in EEG data acquisition
Authors: Brundavani Putta , Vardhan Dupakuntla Vishnu
Published: October 2023

Electroencephalography (EEG) waves and other biological signals can be deciphered with a deeper understanding of the human body. The benefits of EEG are growing. EEG studies have expanded globally. Research on EEG covers data gathering, analysis, energy renewal, and more. EEG-gathering devices include encoding, digital transfer, head sensor placement, and separate amplifiers. The EEG detects periodic noise. Head movement, sensor lines, and hair sweat produce low-frequency noise. Low-frequency noise alters EEG signals over time. Muscle actions and electromagnetic waves create high-frequency noise (especially in the facial and neck muscles). EEG shifts are saw-toothed by high-frequency noise. High- and low-frequency noises are usually lower and higher than human EEG, respectively. Lowering signal power above and below the testing level without altering the signs of interest lowers noise. Aliasing may affect low-frequency impacts in the original data because high-frequency noise is mirrored in the data. This work designed a non-binary Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) Consecutive guesstimate register (CGR) reconfigurable analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) integrated with the instrumental amplifier. CGR ADC model comprises the bio-signal device monitoring for the EEG signals. This study focused on acquiring the EEG signals for amplification. The model uses the AC-coupled chopper stabilisation model with 1 A low power with a noise level of 1 A. The neural amplifier uses an optimised current technique to maximise the transconductance for a good noise efficiency factor. The simulation analysis estimates a bandwidth range of 0.05–120 Hz with a power consumption level of 0.271 µW. The computed noise level is observed as 1.1 µVrms and a gain of 45 dB. The comparative analysis of the proposed ADC model achieves the minimal energy consumption value of ∼12%, which is minimal than the nonlinear and switch-end capacitor. Also, the time consumed is ∼9% less than the nonlinear and switch-end Capacitor.18 nm CMOS technology is used to implement the proposed data acquisition system for low-power and density-optimised applications.
Physical, mechanical, and gamma ray shielding properties of the Bi2O3–BaO–B2O3–ZnO–As2O3–MgO–Na2O glass system
Authors: Aloraini Dalal Abdullah , Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Abualsayed Mohammad Ibrahim , Kumar Ashok
Published: October 2023

This study provides insights into the effects of Bi2O3 on the physical, mechanical, and gamma ray shielding properties of Bi2O3–BaO–B2O3–ZnO–As2O3–MgO–Na2O glasses. The higher Bi2O3 concentrations result in increased density and molecular weight of the glasses. The molar volume also increases with higher Bi2O3 percentages, accompanied by a decrease in the average distance between boron atoms and a reduction in polaron radius and inter-nuclear distance. Electronegativity decreases and electronic polarizability increases with increasing Bi2O3 concentration, indicating higher electron-donating capacity and greater susceptibility to external electric field distortion. The elastic moduli exhibit a downward trend with increasing Bi2O3 concentration, indicating a decreased degree of elastic behaviour. The decrease in cross-linking is further supported by the reduction in Poisson’s ratio. The decrease in values of the hardness also indicates a decline in the stiffness and connectivity of the glass network. The linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) of three different glasses were obtained using Phy-X software in 0.015–15 MeV energy range. Also, the effective atomic numbers are calculated for the selected glasses. The LAC has the highest values for Bi21, indicating that the addition of Bi2O3 causes an improvement in the LAC.
Gem-induced trisections of compact PL 4-manifolds
Authors: Casali Maria Rita , Cristofori Paola
Published: October 2023

The idea of studying trisections of closed smooth 4-manifolds via (singular) triangulations, endowed with a suitable vertex-labelling by three colors, is due to Bell, Hass, Rubinstein and Tillmann, and has been applied by Spreer and Tillmann to standard simply-connected 4-manifolds, via the so-called simple crystallizations.
In the present paper we propose generalizations of these ideas by taking into consideration a possible extension of trisections to compact PL 4-manifolds with connected boundary, which is related to Birman’s special Heegaard sewing, and by analyzing gem-induced trisections, i.e. trisections that can be induced not only by simple crystallizations, but also by any 5-colored graph encoding a PL 4-manifold with empty or connected boundary.
This last notion gives rise to that of G-trisection genus, as an analogue, in this context, of the well-known trisection genus.
We give conditions on a 5-colored graph ensuring one of its gem-induced trisections – if any – to realize the G-trisection genus, and prove how to determine it directly from the graph. As a consequence, we detect a class of closed simply-connected 4-manifolds, comprehending all standard ones, for which both G-trisection genus and trisection genus coincide with the second Betti number and also with half the value of the graph-defined PL invariant regular genus.
Moreover, the existence of gem-induced trisections and an estimation of the G-trisection genus via surgery description is obtained, for each compact PL 4-manifold admitting a handle decomposition lacking in 3-handles.
Perturbation of domain for the linear parabolic equation
Authors: Morales Carlos Arnoldo , Nguyen T.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we will study the behavior of the solutions of the linear parabolic equation with Dirichlet conditions when the domain is perturbed in the

C
1

{C^{1}}

topology. More precisely, it is shown that the solutions of this equation are stable under such perturbations.
Decay and Strichartz estimates for Klein–Gordon equation on a cone I: Spinless case
Authors: Yin Zhiqing , Zhang Fang
Published: October 2023

We consider the solutions of the Klein–Gordon equation in the

2
+
1

2{+}1

-dimensional space-time which gravity is analyzed, i.e., the manifold

ℝ
t

×

ℝ
+

×
ℝ

/
2

⁢
π
⁢
α
⁢
ℤ

{\mathbb{R}_{t}\times\mathbb{R}_{+}\times\mathbb{R}/2\pi\alpha\mathbb{Z}}

created by a massive point particle. Using the Schwartz kernel of resolvent and spectral measure for Schrödinger operator on the spinless cone,
we prove the dispersive estimates and Strichartz estimates for the Klein–Gordon equation. In a future paper, we will consider the problem on the spinning cone.
Maximal estimates for fractional Schrödinger equations in scaling critical magnetic fields
Authors: Wang Haoran , Yuan Jiye
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we combine the arguments of [L. Fanelli, J. Zhang and J. Zheng,
Uniform resolvent estimates for Schrödinger operators in critical magnetic fields,
Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN 2023), 10.1093/imrn/rnac362] and [Y. Sire, C. D. Sogge, C. Wang and J. Zhang,
Reversed Strichartz estimates for wave on non-trapping asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds and applications,
Comm. Partial Differential Equations 47 2022, 6, 1124–1132] to prove the maximal estimates for fractional Schrödinger equations

(

i
⁢

∂
t

+

ℒ
𝐀

α
2

)

⁢
u

=
0

{(i\partial_{t}+\mathcal{L}_{\mathbf{A}}^{\frac{\alpha}{2}})u=0}

in the purely magnetic fields
which includes the Aharonov–Bohm fields. The proof is based on the cluster spectral measure estimates. In particular, for

α
=
1

{\alpha=1}

, the maximal estimate for wave equation is sharp up to the endpoint.
Ecological protection on the West Coast of Taiwan Strait under economic zone construction: A case study of land use in Yueqing
Authors: Shen Jie , Zhang Ying , Chen Xihui , Li Ming-Chang
Published: October 2023

The economic and ecological implications of infrastructural development in the west coast of Taiwan Strait are critically important for both financial stakeholders and policymakers. This study explores the intricate balance between economic development and ecological sustainability in Yueqing, located on the Western Taiwan Strait. Leveraging remote sensing data for fiscal years 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, the analysis reveals stable land use patterns. The data shows that between 2005 and 2020, the predominant land use categories in Yueqing were forestry and agricultural assets, making up 53.30%, 52.81%, 52.85%, and 52.42% of the total study area, respectively. Both asset classes demonstrated an upward trend, contrasting with the diminishing trends observed in grasslands, aquatic zones, and areas allocated for construction. To address the challenges posed by population pressure and limited land resources, the Yueqing government has implemented policies like the “Implementation Measures for Yueqing’s Farmland Protection and Compensation” in 2016 and the “Land Greening Action Plan” in 2020. These policies have effectively managed land transitions and contributed to sustainable development.
Surgical management and outcomes of traumatic global brachial plexus injury: A concise review and our center approach
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Al Lahham Salim , Aljassem Ghanem , Asnaf Ayman A. H. , Alyazji Zaki T. N. , Omari Rand Y. , Al-Mohannadi Fatima Saoud , Alsherawi Abeer , Vranic Semir
Published: October 2023

Global brachial plexus injury (GBPI) mainly affects adults and causes severe life-changing consequences that lead to the deterioration of patients’ quality of life. Several surgical approaches have been described and reported in the literature to improve patients’ functional ability. A literature review is done on PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase using specific keywords to retrieve relevant articles assessing different surgical approaches for GBPI management. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and eligible articles were included in the review. The literature survey revealed that various surgical options had been used to manage GBPI patients. In this concise review, we discuss and compare the different surgical approaches related to GBPI and its outcome in terms of restoring elbow flexion and extension, shoulder abduction, and wrist and hand function. The primary surgical intervention relies mainly on transferring single or multiple nerves with/without nerve grafts to restore the function of the targeted muscle. Different techniques using a variety of nerve donors and recipients are compared to assess the functional outcomes of each option. Moreover, further options are addressed for delayed GBPI injuries or failed nerve transfer procedures, as in free functional muscle transfer techniques. In addition, information about brachial plexus injury cases faced in our center is presented along with our center’s approach to diagnosing and managing partial and GBPI cases.
The “Silent” Removal of Bibliometric Information of Three SSRN Preprints Related to Peer Review, and then their Full Reinstatement
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: October 2023

For data information scientists, librarians and academics alike, it is a worrisome sign when information or a file opaquely disappears from the body of scientific literature, even more so when it carries a digital object identifier (DOI). This is because the DOI typically offers a published paper a form of digital permanence. Preprints are being increasingly fused into the publication stream, serving as a prelude to submission to a peer-reviewed journal. One of the main preprint servers is Elsevier’s SSRN. This paper, a rare case study, describes three preprints by the same authors related to peer review that were withdrawn (i.e., retracted). Apart from a short notice with identical text (“This paper has been removed from SSRN at the request of the author, SSRN, or the rights holder”), no date of the withdrawals and no explanation were publicly provided. Following queries to the authors and SSRN, the three preprints were reinstated around February 2023. Finally, the original title of two of the preprints was manipulated in the reinstated preprints. This historical case study not only highlights the risks of opaque preprint withdrawals, but also the ease with which information on preprint servers (in this case SSRN) can be modified and/or manipulated.
What Prevents Businesses from Carrying out Eco-Innovation Activities? Empirical Research on Barriers in Slovak SMEs
Authors: Klement Ladislav , Vinczeová Miroslava , Klementová Vladimíra
Published: October 2023

Eco-innovations seem to be an effective tool of the transformation process towards sustainability where enterprises must play an active role. As small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) are one of the key accelerators of this transition, particular attention should be paid to the main factors that influence eco-innovation activities in this business segment. The paper focuses on the identification and assessment of barriers that limit the more intensive development of eco-innovation activities in Slovak SMEs. It analyses empirical data on barriers to eco-innovations and explores possible relationships between perceived barriers to eco-innovation, size of enterprise, the share of foreign capital in the enterprise's financing and involvement in eco-innovation activities. The research sample contains 487 randomly selected Slovak SMEs. The article presents the results of the examination of the barriers importance in eco-innovation activities in Slovak SMEs assessed by Likert scale values, descriptive statistics, and selected statistical methods including the Shapiro-Wilk test, Spearman correlation, Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. The conclusions provide some deeper insights into the perception of barriers to eco-innovation in Slovak SMEs according to their size, share of foreign capital in financing and implementation or non-implementation of eco-innovation, with some results showing similarities with other studies conducted abroad, while others are specific only to Slovak SMEs.
The use of non-financial performance metrics in determining directors’ remuneration: The case of listed companies in South Africa
Authors: Matemane Reon , Moloi Tankiso , Adelowotan Michael , Biswas Pallab Kumar
Published: October 2023

Despite the increasing importance of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors, it is not fully understood whether companies consider these factors when designing compensation plans for their directors. This study investigated the extent to which directors’ remuneration integrates ESG factors. The study sample is made up of JSE-listed companies for the period 2015 to 2021. The estimated generalised least squares regression technique was used to analyse the data. The results show the shift towards the integration of ESG factors in directors’ compensation plans. It should be established which ESG factors are pertinent in the South African context.
Robert Heller’s Magical Mystery Tours
Authors: Fillerup Jessie
Published: October 2023

Robert Heller, a virtually unknown figure in music-historical accounts, trained in the 1840s at the Royal Academy of Music in London and gave the American premieres of Beethoven’s Fourth and Fifth Piano Concertos with the Germania Musical Society. But he also pursued a parallel career in theatrical magic, using his musical virtuosity to elevate his social and artistic stature as a conjurer. Between 1852 and 1878, his magic act was seen by millions in Europe, East Asia, and the United States, including states and territories in the American West never visited by contemporary piano virtuosos like Thalberg and De Meyer.

While magicians routinely incorporated music in their acts, Heller’s virtuosity set him apart from his conjuring peers, including those who were themselves musicians. Using his musical expertise, he blended the magic show with other popular forms of spectacle, including minstrelsy, burlesque, and the piano recital, framing the latter as an extraordinary attraction. Advertisements and accounts of his performances reveal the marketing strategies Heller employed to negotiate the crowded landscape of consumer culture and American popular entertainment, especially during the tumultuous years of the Civil War. These strategies included co-branding, altering the titles and descriptions of musical compositions (particularly “Dixie”), and joining forces with “Blind Tom” (Thomas Greene) Wiggins, the Black, enslaved musical prodigy whom Heller had briefly tutored; they performed together in Louisville during one of the magician’s last appearances in the South. Throughout the 1860s, Heller was influenced by gendered musical practices and regional attitudes toward race and politics, leading him to market his act specifically toward middle-class women, music lovers, Unionists, and those seeking postwar reconciliation.
Remixing Multimovement Works, Classical Music Concept Albums, and Twenty-First-Century Pianists’ Interpretations of the Canon
Authors: Stefaniak Alexander
Published: October 2023

Nineteenth-century pianists routinely treated multimovement works—sonatas, suites, and character-piece sets—not as integral cycles but as sources of movements to excerpt, interpolate, and recombine. Exploring how five twenty-first-century pianists have adapted this practice illuminates the broader history of piano performance and the creative agency of performers invested in canonic works and ideals of Werktreue. Víkingur Ólafsson, Inon Barnatan, Alice Sara Ott, Khatia Buniatishvili, and Hélène Grimaud recombine multimovement works within the context of the concept album genre, a fixture of popular music largely unexplored within classical music. Within their opus-mixing concept albums, these pianists reinterpret the effect in performance and imagined cultural meaning of canonic repertoire. By determining an album’s track-to-track unfolding, they create original tonal, motivic, textural, and topical interrelationships and trajectories. The pianists, liner-note writers, and promoters also frame these albums with rich verbal discourses in which they assert this repertoire’s relevance and even contemporaneity for twenty-first-century listeners. Exploring these albums offers a glimpse of how performers of the classical canon navigate a twenty-first-century, digitally mediated media ecosystem. More broadly, it turns our attention to how this largely unexplored aspect of classical performance and recording shapes the way audiences encounter musical works and performers create public personae.
The Model of Palliative Care in Poland from the Perspective of People at the End of Life and Their Carers: Preliminary Issues
Authors: Borski Maciej
Published: October 2023

The aim of this article is to reflect on the model of palliative care in Poland from the perspectives of a person at the end of life and their carers. A large part of the considerations is focused on terminological issues, the presentation of which is extremely important, because not only does it illustrate the evolution in the approach to palliative care, but it also defines the personal aspect of support related to the person at the end of life and their carer. An extremely important element of the article is the presentation, based on the current legal status, of the basic assumptions of palliative care in Poland by showing the forms of support addressed not only to people at the end of their lives, but also to their carers. It should be emphasized here that this care should take on a holistic dimension, going beyond the legal and institutional sphere, hence some of the considerations are also devoted to social, spiritual, emotional or information support, which from the point of view of these people is also extremely important. The article also attempts to indicate specific normative solutions requiring intervention by the legislature, due to the demographic and epidemic challenges facing the Polish state.
Legal and Medical Aspects of the End of Human Life from the Perspective of Palliative Medicine Related to Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jakubów Piotr , Niedźwiecka Karolina , Kondracka Julia , Turczynowicz Aleksander , Kocańda Szymon , Malarewicz-Jakubów Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

Despite the impressive developments in modern medicine, the healthcare system is still associated with human death. Medicine has made great strides in the treatment of many diseases. The procedures are particularly advanced in, e.g., cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, and other fields.

However, despite these efforts, not all patients are cured, and the use of aggressive treatment often contributes to their suffering. This does not mean that patients should be left unattended at the end of their lives.. Palliative medicine deals with patients coming to the end of their lives, concentrating on alleviating suffering and improving quality of life. It is a medical speciality focused on a wide range of interventions, including symptom management, communication, and psychosocial and spiritual support for patients. Patients undergoing highly qualified procedures, for whom causal treatment is not possible, should have the right to such care before death. However, according to medical practice and national legal regulations, it is not always possible to provide this care, despite the anticipated death. This article presents the legal and medical aspects of the end of life from the point of view of the European and Polish healthcare systems.
Legal and Ethical Issues of Discontinuing Futile Therapy in Children
Authors: Boratyńska Maria
Published: October 2023

This article raises the issue of critical medical decisions made in the interest of small children. It seeks answers to the questions of whether there are any differences in this field’s attitude towards adults and what the criteria for life and death decisions should be for persons who are legally dependent and unable to declare their position. The concept of so-called parental autonomy in making treatment decisions for children and situations in which they may be limited by the assessment of doctors and by the supervisory function of the guardianship court. The overriding principle of the best interests of the child is compared with the British concept of best interest and is confronted with the newer concept of threat of serious harm, which is considered better at respecting privacy and giving parents more powers. The mechanism of conflict resolution between parents and doctors is shown through the example of court decisions in the cases of Charlotte Wyatt, also known in Poland, Charlie Gard and Alfie Evans, and then is transferred to the Polish example of Madzia Weakling. The considerations end with the conclusion that the best interests criterion is pragmatic and a non-principal development of the principle of the best interests of the child, within the context of protection against the unbearable suffering of living or dying in agony, which is also important.
‘Wrongful Life’: New Highlights in the Jurisprudence of the German Supreme Court
Authors: Bosek Leszek , Bałdyga Jan
Published: October 2023

The prevailing view in international jurisprudence is that no one can claim compensation for the fact of being alive. This view was developed based on so-called ‘wrongful life’ cases, in which, due to medical malpractice, parents were deprived of the opportunity to perform a legally permitted abortion, resulting in the birth of a disabled or unwanted child. A new chapter in this category of claims was opened by the case under review. The German Supreme Court took up what, in view of the ageing of Western societies, is a very topical and socially difficult issue of a son’s claim for damages for keeping his father alive. The ruling concerns a special category of civil claims so far not commented on in Polish literature or jurisprudence – ‘wrongful survival’. The German Supreme Court rejected the possibility of claiming compensation under German law for prolonging human existence, even if it involved suffering. Much of the reasoning of the Court is also applicable under Polish law. However, depending on the interpretation of the norms concerning the patient’s right to self-determination, the possibility of partial compensation for the costs of unlawfully keeping someone alive also seems to be acceptable under Polish law.
The Thanatopedagogical Context of the Multidimensionality of Mourning
Authors: Binnebesel Józef , Formella Zbigniew , Katolyk Halyna
Published: October 2023

Upbringing is one of the main elements of human activity, which prepares one for one’s future life, giving one an opportunity to gain experience and confront reality. Contemporary mainstream pedagogical literature omits the only element of human existence that must happen, i.e. death. This absence determines a number of problems of an ethical, intellectual, organizational and practical nature in pedagogical works and analyses. A certain answer to this silence in pedagogy is thanatopedagogy, emerging and developing in Poland, which, with its scope of considerations and practical activities, captures a wide spectrum of the experience of mourning. A thanatopedagogical approach to the subject of mourning allows us to look at it through spiritual and religious, biological and physical, medical, psychopedagogical, socio-cultural, legal and economic prisms. Such a broad interdisciplinary approach also allows us to look at mourning as an all-encompassing process of experiencing oneself as an individual as well as experiencing oneself as part of culture and society.
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization: The Epitaph for Roe v. Wade
Authors: Machaj Łukasz
Published: October 2023

Since the Roe v. Wade decision was announced (1973), the question of abortion has constituted an important element of American constitutional discourse. This article analyses the most recent decision of the United States Supreme Court on this matter, i.e. Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, which rejected the thesis that the Constitution establishes the right to terminate pregnancy. It is possible to identify three fundamental points of the Court’s opinion. First, the Court allowed lawmakers to accept an ontological assumption that a foetus is a human being. Second, the decision was rooted in the doctrine of moderate originalism and in the concept of substantive due process, limited by historical factors. Third, the Supreme Court adopted a liberal interpretation of the stare decisis principle, consenting to the overturning of precedents even if they introduced new civil rights. The author contends that it is highly unlikely that the decision will constitute the last word of American jurisprudence on the question of abortion.
The Death Penalty and the Power of ‘Judicial Override’ in Alabama State Law
Authors: Kraśnicka Izabela
Published: October 2023

On 17 November 2022 in Alabama, the death penalty by poison injection was scheduled to be executed on Kenneth Smith. His case is a disturbing example of the use of judicial power (known as ‘judicial override’) in the state law of Alabama that allowed the judge, at the time of the verdict in 1996, to overturn the jury’s decision recommending the choice of life imprisonment without parole instead of the death penalty, and thus give a final death sentence. The article presented here first provides a general analysis of the provisions of the federal constitution, relevant case law and federal legislation on the death penalty, and then presents an overview of state solutions to the death penalty. The key parts of the text deal with the institution of ‘judicial override’: its genesis and practice in the state of Alabama, and the application of the relevant legislation to the Kenneth Smith case. It argues that mechanisms such as ‘judicial override’ and their consequences strengthen the narrative of those arguing against the death penalty in the social and political debate.
How Does Social Capital Work in Developing Karimunjawa Maritime Tourism?
Authors: Astuti Tri Marhaeni Pudji , Kurniawan Edi , Prasetyo Kuncoro Bayu , Wijaya Atika , Syifauddin Mohammad
Published: October 2023

This study intended to analyze how social capital works in the developing marine tourism in Karimunjawa Indonesia. This research was conducted in Karimunjawa. The data was collected with snowball sampling techniques. The data collection methods used consisted of participatory observation methods, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using the interactive analysis method. The results of the study indicate that the strong social capital formed in Karimunjawa has a very big influence on tourism activities in Karimunjawa. The social capital in tourism in Karimunjawa is based on many networks that are formed, supported by mutual trust, and still rooted in various social values and norms in the community that support the strength of existing social capital. It results in collective actions in the form of synergy and cooperation between the community and various tourism stakeholders in tourism activities in Karimunjawa. The social capital formed in Karimunjawa consists of three types. They are Bonding Social Capital, Social Bridging Capital, and Social Linking Capital which are complementary and mutually reinforcing so that they cannot be separated. However, between the three social capitals, bridging social capital is the biggest power base in realizing the progress of tourism in Karimunjawa.
Biodegradable vs nonbiodegradable suture anchors for rotator cuff repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Suroto Heri , Anindita Satmoko Benedictus , Prajasari Tabita , De Vega Brigita , Wardhana Teddy Heri , Samijo Steven K
Published: October 2023

Purpose

The use of non-biodegradable suture anchors (NBSA) in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) has increased significantly. However, several complications such as migration, chondral damage, revision, and imaging difficulties have been reported. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of biodegradable suture anchors (BSA) in overcoming such complications and achieving functional outcomes requires further study. Thus, we aim to compare the clinical outcomes and complications of RCR using BSA and NBSA using direct comparison studies.

Methods

Two independent reviewers conducted systematic searches in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from conception to September 2022. Using the RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools, we assessed the included studies for bias. We applied GRADE to appraise our evidence. Our PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022354347.

Results

Six studies (two randomized controlled trials, one retrospective cohort, and three case–control studies) involving 423 patients were included (211 patients received BSA and 212 patients received NBSA). BSA was comparable to NBSA in forward flexion, abduction, external rotation, Constant–Murley score, and perianchor cyst formation (P = 0.97, 0.81, 0.56, 0.29, and 0.56, respectively). Retear rates were slightly higher while tendon healing was reduced in BSA compared to NBSA, but the differences were not significant (P = 0.35 and 0.35, respectively).

Conclusion

BSA and NBSA appear to yield similar shoulder functions and complications in rotator cuff repairs.
Interpersonal Online and Offline Communication as a Factor in Increasing Educational Motivation
Authors: Mikhailova Valeriya E. , Parts Olga S.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Online and offline formats of interpersonal communication are widespread and satisfy the need for communication and recognition of schoolchildren. At the same time, the issue of the peculiarities of using virtual interpersonal communication in learning activities, its potentials, formal and content parameters remains insufficiently studied. The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities of virtual format of interpersonal communication, which affects the needs, sources of activity, behavioral norms, and states of the child.
Materials and Methods. In the course of an empirical study, the authors carried out a diagnosis of the success of online and offline communication in 238 students in Omsk schools. The parameters were studied in respondents using a set of diagnostic methods: the method “Diagnostics of motivational orientations in interpersonal communications (I. D. Ladanov, V. A. Urazaeva); the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; methodology for diagnosing motivational-semantic formations (Yu. M. Orlov, B. A. Sosnovsky).
Results. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the implementation of online and offline communication significantly increases all the parameters that characterize the success of interpersonal communication and educational motivation. Comparison of situations of face-to-face communication both online and offline allows us to say that in both cases interpersonal communication has a goal – the development of educational, social and cognitive motives. However, the process of online and offline communication not only supplements the personal plan with an emotional aspect, but also goes beyond the school educational space in terms of the “Result” and “Product” parameters.
Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that the functionality of communication in virtual space opens wider opportunities for the growth of educational motivation compared to face-to-face communication. The presented materials can be used by researchers of children's behavior in virtual space, teachers implementing blended or online learning.
Role of Blended Learning in Higher Education: Students’ “First Steps” to Precarious Work and Social Life
Authors: Melnik Anastasia D.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The discussion of the challenges and consequences of permanent crises for university life from the point of view of students is centered around the problem of quality of higher education. The author proposes to measure it in the context of the transition of Russian universities to the model of blended learning through the indicator of perception of learning formats. The aim of the article is to determine the parameters of positive and negative attitudes of potential students to higher education with online elements, to highlight its advantages and disadvantages.
Materials and Methods. The answers to these questions are based on empirical research data: the results of an online survey conducted in 2021–2022 among full-time undergraduate and graduate applicants to one of the largest Russian universities; additional surveys conducted by the authors in 2015 (using a similar methodology); semi-structured interviews conducted at the end of the academic year with first-year students from among those surveyed in the quantitative study in 2021, university graduates (using a similar methodology); semi-structured interviews conducted at the end of the academic year with first-year students from among those surveyed in the quantitative research in 2021, university graduates working in the digital sphere in 2021.
Results. The results of the study showed that studentsʼ positive attitudes towards blended and online learning are constantly increasing, with this result being characteristic of undergraduate students. Flexible learning is gradually becoming a more natural process of higher education in studentsʼ perception. The interviews provide insights into studentsʼ greater engagement in a blended learning educational environment. Such experiences increase their adaptability to changing work content. The limitations of the blended learning model are related to the fact that conservative students (“pro” traditional education) have more stable orientations for self-realization in the specialty.
Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions made by the author contribute to the development of scientific ideas about the relationship between the labor market and higher education, where the preparation of young people for unstable employment and social life becomes a key task. An important role in blended learning is the development of elements of studentsʼ agency through mastering digital skills, ability to plan in response to the challenges of instability of future work and social life.
Suitability of some growing media for cashew seedling growth and development in the nursery
Authors: Olufemi Aremu-Dele , Abanum Nduka Beatrice , Olalekan Sobowale Ibrahim , Ademola Adesanya Kehinde , Olaoluwa Olorundare Bunmi
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Using the right growing media is pivotal for cultivating high-quality seedlings. While topsoil remains a prevalent choice in nurseries, there is a growing need to explore its effectiveness in cashew seedling production and find potential alternatives that might reduce our dependence on it. A three-month experiment was undertaken at the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria’s nursery. The setup followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) incorporating ten treatment variations, each replicated thrice. These treatments involved two cashew nut types, Jumbo and Medium, and five distinct growing media: 100% Topsoil, 100% Sawdust, 75% Topsoil + 25% Sawdust, 50% Topsoil + 50% Sawdust, and 25% Topsoil + 75% Sawdust. For the procedure, each of these media was filled into perforated polythene bags measuring 30cm x 15cm, with one seed planted per bag. Data collected were on % emergence, morphological, shoot and root data. Data were subjected to ANOVA using SAS (version 2010) statistical package and means were separated using DMRT at (P≤0.05). Findings revealed no notable variance in percentage mean emergence at four weeks post-planting or in leaf count at the twelve-week mark. Control treatments (100% topsoil) for jumbo and medium had the shortest plant height, lowest number of leaves, seedling vigour, fresh root weight and taproot length. 100% topsoil as a growing medium for raising cashew seedlings should be discouraged as the experimented growing media offered statistically the same or improved emergence, morphology, and root growth development.
Assessing the energy efficiency of irrigation pump systems
Authors: Popov G. , Klimentov K. , Kostov B. , Ivanov I.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The operating modes of pump units play a crucial role in determining the energy consumption of irrigation systems. Thus, the necessity of performing qualitative and quantitative assessments of the energy efficiency of such systems is of significant importance. This paper proposes a method, newly established by authors, for accomplishing such an assessment. Using dimensionless criteria from Dimensional Analysis (as outlined in earlier publications), we propose a method to determine the specific energy consumption (ev) for a given flow rate, regulated by either VFD or throttle flow control, which are commonly used in practice. The specific relative energy consumption is depicted as an exponential relationship with four other criteria, each expressed relatively. The exponents are determined depending on the type of pump system flow rate control method applied. This energy exponent is also expressed in the dimensionless form obtained depending on the main parameters of the pump and pipe system. In this regard, two energy efficiency coefficients are introduced – of the pump and pipe system . Results obtained after performing numerical studies of a pump system, consisting of Bulgarian double-suction pumps, are presented.