bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Preterm Births at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri, Nigeria:
A 2-year Case-Control Study
Authors: Ikechukwu Obetta Hillary , Bako Babagana , Onuegunam Nweze Sylvester
Published: June 2021

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing societies like Nigeria. It poses huge long-term medical and financial burdens for the affected children, their families, the health care system and society at large.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and birth outcome of PTB at UMTH, Nigeria.
Methodology: A two-year case-control study of cases of preterm births at the UMTH, from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2017 was undertaken. For each PTB, the next term delivery was taken as control. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, gestational ages at presentation and delivery, and birth outcome were obtained from the women’s case files with proforma and compared with that of the control. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 23. The statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
Results: During the period under review, there were 6,171 deliveries and preterm births constituted 291 births giving a prevalence rate of 4.7% or 47 per 1000 deliveries. The mean ages for the cases and controls were similar 26.4± 6.1 vs 26.5± 5.3 with (F=0.15, P=0.7) while the mean parity were 3.0±2.6 and 3.2±2.5 with (F=4.6, P=0.03). Nulliparity was commoner among the cases 61(24.6%) compared to the controls 34(13..7%) with X2 = 9.69, P=0.001. Similarly, 96(38.7%) of the cases were unbooked compared to 44(17.7%) among the conrols X2 = 26.9, P=0.000. About 20% of the cases had no formal education compared to 13% of the control. Preterm birth was associated with unbooking status (OR=1.82, CI: 1.40-2.36), nulliparity (OR = 2.05, CI: 1.29-3.26), previous preterm delivery (OR = 95.2, CI: 13.10-691.99) and pregnancy induced hypertension (OR = 25.45, CI: 9.13-70.92). Antepartum haemorrhage (OR = 13.89, CI: 4.92-39.25), twin gestation (OR = 18.18, CI: 2.40-137.68), Polyhydramnios (OR = 2.02, CI: 1.85-2.22) and PROM (OR = 5.39, CI: 2.87-10.15) were other risk factors independently associated with PTB. The perinatal mortality in PTB was 43(16.2%).
Conclusion: The prevalence rate of PTB at the UMTH is 4.7% and is associated with previous PTB, unbooked status, twin gestation, polyhydramnious, APH and PIH. Efforts should be intensified on educating women of reproductive age group on the benefits of antenatal booking in pregnancy and quality antenatal care as this would provide ample opportunity for early detection and proper management of women at risk.

Keywords: Preterm birth, Risk factors, Neonatal outcome, Maiduguri.
Fuzzy Dot Satisfactory Bck- Filters
Authors: NAJATI Sahar
Published: June 2021

The concept of fuzzy dot subalgebra of BCK/BCI-algebras was introduced by Jun and Hong paper [8]. In 2003 Jun [7] was introduced the concept of satisfactory BCK-filters. The concept of fuzzy satisfactory BCK-filters was introduced by Najati [13]. In this paper, we define the notion of fuzzy dot satisfactory BCK-filters and investigate some of its properties.
Leadership Sentiment and Price Fluctuations
Authors: Herzhoff Tim , Teichert Thomas
Published: June 2021

The relationship between prices and leadership mood was examined using the example of crude oil prices and the sentiment of the CEOs of 5 leading oil production companies between 2014 and 2019. The crude oil market was chosen due to recent price fluctuations and upcoming challenges, and for its significant for the global economy.
This study uses an empirical approach based on a mood analysis of the CEO's natural language. 160 speech transcripts were analyzed using a leading aspect-based sentiment analysis machine learning algorithm to obtain sentiment data. The relation between sentiment and oil price was tested using linear regression. The results of this study show in detail that the sentiment correlates positively in times of low prices and negatively in times of high prices. The average threshold price calculated using this method was 63 USD per barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil in the observed period. This corresponds to analysts who estimated the ideal oil price for 2018 at USD 60 to 70. Finally, the restrictions and prospects are discussed. Findings of this study could aid investors decision making and advance the use of sentiment analysis in economic sciences.
La TV que no se ve
Authors: Druetta Santiago
Published: June 2021

La televisión es uno de los objetos más cautivantes que podemos imaginar, y evoca a aquellas hogueras primordiales que seguramente hipnotizaron a los primeros humanos en los espacios más cómodos y aireados de sus cavernas. No parece haber modo de sustraerse a la televisión ya sea que se la ame o se la odie. No parece posible ignorarla ya sea por vía de la sublime entrega o la empecinada resistencia. Parece tan difícil ignorarla, como hablar de ella aspirando a alcanzar ciertos acuerdos.
Jóvenes y trabajo en sectores populares :
Authors: Zanotti Agustín
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación trabaja con uno de los conceptos más huidizos de la sociología: el de las "representaciones". Sin embargo, asocia acertadamente la composición del mismo a partir de la noción de habitus de Bourdieu. Las Playas es un barrio de Villa María con una importante tradición obrera, ya que a principios del siglo XX allí estaban las playas de maniobra del ferrocarril. Pero la tradición obrera se va enfrentando con el tiempo a una serie de transformaciones del país que tienen que ver con “el deterioro de ciertas fuentes laborales, el cierre de los ferrocarriles y, sobre todo en los ’90, la pérdida de fuentes de trabajo”, dice el autor. En ese contexto, los jóvenes que cursan los últimos años de su formación de la escuela media se enfrentan a experiencias laborales que poco se relacionan con el pasado del barrio. La precarización laboral y la débil vinculación con el mundo del trabajo formal aparecen como las nuevas variables. A partir de allí adquiere una destacada importancia el rol de la escuela Rosario Vera Peñaloza en su intento de reforzar la formación técnica de los alumnos para fortalecer la inserción de los jóvenes en el mundo del trabajo. --
Yo soy Ticas del pueblo nación Comechingón
Authors: Franzl Moreno Teresita
Published: June 2021

Yo soy Ticas se basa en historias de la primera comunidad originaria de la provincia de Córdoba en conseguir el reconocimiento del Estado. Relatos sobre “un pueblo vivo, una cultura presente con un futuro y un pasado en común”. Escritos que nacen de las manos de quienes viven esa historia. Un libro que narra la vida de tres generaciones de mujeres: la bisabuela, la abuela y la madre de la autora.
A producer-retailer incorporated multi-item EPQ problem with delayed differentiation, the expedited rate for common parts, multi-delivery and scrap
Authors: Peter Chiu Yuan-Shyi , Chiu Tiffany , Pai Fan-Yun , Wu Hua Yao
Published: June 2021

Transnational producers facing the present-day competitive global supply-chain environments need to pursue the most appropriate manufacturing scheme, quality screening task, and stock shipping plan to satisfy customer’s timely multi-item requirements under minimum overall product fabrication-delivery expenses. This study develops a producer-retailer incorporated multi-item two-stage economic production quantity- (EPQ-) based system with delayed differentiation, expedited-rate for common parts, multiple deliveries plan, and random scrap. It aims to assist current manufacturing firms in achieving the aforementioned operating goals. Mathematical methods help us build an analytical model to explicitly portray the studied problem’s features and derive its overall system expenses. Hessian matrix equations and optimization approaches help us prove convexity and derive the cost-minimized fabrication- delivery decision. This study gives a simulated example to illustrate the research outcome’s applicability and the proposed model’s capabilities numerically. Consequently, diverse crucial information becomes obtainable to the manufacturers to facilitate various operating decision makings as follows: (i) the cost-minimized fabrication-delivery policy; (ii) the behavior of system’s overall expenses and operating policy regarding mean scrap rate, and different relationships between common part’s values and completion-rate; (iii) the system’s detailed cost components; (iv) the system’s overall expenses, utilization, and common part’s uptime concerning different common part’s expedited rates; and (v) the collective effects of critical system features on the overall expenses, uptime, and optimal cycle length, etc.
Minimization of total tardiness in no-wait flowshop production systems with preventive maintenance
Authors: Yamada Tuane Tonani , Nagano Marcelo Seido , Miyata Hugo Hissashi
Published: June 2021

Efficient business organizations must balance quality, cost, and time constraints in competitive environments. Reflecting the complexity of this task, we consider manufacturing systems including several stages of production chains requiring time measurement. When production scheduling is not prioritized in such enterprises, several negative effects may occur. A corporation may suffer financial penalties as well as negative brand exposure, and thus may find its credibility challenged. Therefore, in this study, we propose constructive methods to minimize a total tardiness criterion, considering preventative maintenance constraints to reflect the reality of industrial practice, focusing on a no-wait flowshop environment in which jobs are successively processed without operational interruptions. In addition to proposing constructive methods to solve the no-wait flowshop production scheduling problem, a metaheuristic is presented as an approach to improve results obtained by constructive methods. Computational experiments were designed and performed to compare several production scheduling algorithms. Among various constructive heuristics considered, an algorithm called HENLL using an insertion logic showed the best performance. The proposed metaheuristic is based on the iterated greedy (IG) search method, and the results obtained demonstrated significant improvement compared to the heuristics alone. It is expected that this study may be used by production planning and control (PPC) professionals to apply the proposed method to schedule production more efficiently. We show that the proposed method successfully presented a better solution in relation to total tardiness, considering the above mentioned environment.
A homogenously weighted moving average scheme for observations under the effect of serial dependence and measurement inaccuracy
Authors: Thanwane Maonatlala , Shongwe Sandile C. , Aslam Muhammad , Malela-Majika Jean-Claude , Albassam Mohammed
Published: June 2021

The combined effect of serial dependency and measurement errors is known to negatively affect the statistical efficiency of any monitoring scheme. However, for the recently proposed homogenously weighted moving average (HWMA) scheme, the research that exists concerns independent and identically distributed observations and measurement errors only. Thus, in this paper, the HWMA scheme for monitoring the process mean under the effect of within-sample serial dependence with measurement errors is proposed for both constant and linearly increasing measurement system variance. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the run-length distribution of the proposed HWMA scheme. A mixed-s&m sampling strategy is incorporated to the HWMA scheme to reduce the negative effect of serial dependence and measurement errors and its performance is compared to the existing Shewhart scheme. An example is given to illustrate how to implement the proposed HWMA scheme for use in real-life applications.
New models and algorithms to solve integrated problems of production planning and control taking into account worker skills in flexible manufacturing systems
Authors: Tóth Norbert , Kulcsár Gyula
Published: June 2021

The paradigm of the cyber-physical manufacturing system is playing an increasingly important role in the development of production systems and management of manufacturing processes. This paper presents an optimization model for solving an integrated problem of production planning and manufacturing control. The goal is to create detailed production plans for a complex manufacturing system and to control the skilled manual workers. The detailed optimization model of the problem and the developed approach and algorithms are described in detail. To consider the impact of human workers performing the manufacturing primary operations, we elaborated an extended simulation-based procedure and new multi-criteria control algorithms that can manage varying availability constraints of parallel workstations, worker-dependent processing times, different product types and process plans. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is demonstrated by numerical results based on a case study.
Taxing Computer Software Royalties in Kenya: Reconciling Conceptual Approaches through Copyright and Property Law
Authors: Kamau Claude
Published: June 2021

Kenya has recently witnessed litigation regarding the tax implications of acquired software. Simply phrased, if software is intellectual property, then the usual tax implications attached to intellectual property will obtain. Though intuitive, this position is not as straightforward when it comes to acquisition of computer software. One main reason is responsible for the difficulty – the anatomy of computer software. This anatomy forces a more nuanced analysis of the components of a software transaction, and specifically the nature of interest in question. A corollary is that a diverse range of transactions – all involving different and separate interests – are possible. A proper taxation regime requires clarity as to what subject matter is subject to the tax treatment, be it a sale, licence, gift, and so on. The diversity of transactions possible regarding a single copyrighted work, however, anticipate the possibility of varied subject matter, specifically for tax purposes, which possibility diminishes any immediate certainty of the subject matter involved. Therefore, if it is possible for various kinds of market transactions, all with different tax implications, to inhere with respect to a single work of software, a more deliberate view is required. Kenyan jurisprudence has appeared to accept a broad characterisation of software-related transactions as attracting royalty payments.

Recognising the obvious conceptual error in this view, other jurisdictions have drawn a clearer line between ‘copyright’ itself and ‘copyright-embodying’ articles. Fundamentally antithetical tax obligations accordingly accompany this differentiation.
Examining the Independent Audit Committee, Managerial Ownership, Independent Board Member and Audit Quality in Listed Banks
Authors: Pangaribuan Hisar , Sihombing Jenny , Popoola Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson
Published: June 2021

This research examines the effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership and independent board member on audit quality in the Indonesian listed banks. Primarily, the study examines the direct relationship of managerial ownership, independent board member and independent audit committee on the audit quality of listed banks in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Also, the current study explores the mediating effect, indirect effect, of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership, independent board member, and audit quality in the listed banks in Indonesia. The results show that the independent board member has a significant impact on the independent audit committee and the audit quality. The study reveals that managerial ownership does not influence audit quality. The adoption of the independent audit committee with a long tenure of years can be potentially risky and less creative. As a result, their oversight functions may be in jeopardy, impaired or reduced performances. The research findings reveal no significant indirect effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership, independent board member and audit quality in the banks listed in IDX. Independent board members need to renew the appointment of the independent audit committee members to improve the quality of the oversight functions undertaken by the audit committee, and hence, enhance audit quality.
Mediating Effect of Quality-Differentiated Auditor on the Relationship between Managerial Ownership and Monitoring Mechanisms
Authors: Arowolo Rachael Oluyemisi , Che Ahmad Ayoib , Popoola Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson , Pangaribuan Hisar
Published: June 2021

Over the past decade, most studies in corporate governance and audit market have emphasised the importance of monitoring mechanisms (MM), especially after the global economic meltdown resulting from the Enron saga. The literature on MM continues growing as many countries especially the Sub-Saharan Africa are still struggling to come out of the effect of the economic meltdown and businesses continues to fail or merge. This paper, therefore, examines the relationship between Managerial Ownership (MO) and MMs with quality-differentiated auditors (QDA) as the channel for the relationship. The study used data from non-financial listed companies in Nigeria providing empirical supports that MO significantly associates with MMs in the right direction. Likewise, QDA also influences the MMs in the right direction suggesting that QDA is necessarily required to enhance adequate MMs. The findings of this study provide support for the association of MO and MMs with the intervention of QDA for solutions to agency problems. Companies should, therefore, motivate the management to own shares within the reasonable range that aligns the interest of the management with that of the shareholders. This paper adds to knowledge especially in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa by examining a mediating effect to depict the relationship between MO and MM, which are not evident in prior studies.
The Relationship between Working Capital Management and Profitability of Bumiputera-Controlled Companies in Malaysia
Authors: Kaharuddin Fairuz Sofia , Mazlan Ahmad Rizal
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the relationship between working capital management and profitability of 94 listed Bumiputera-controlled companies in Malaysia for 2006 until 2012. The underlying theory is the trade-off theory of working capital and cash conversion cycle, and its components are used as measures for working capital management. Findings of the panel data regression reveal that inventory conversion period and receivable collection period are significantly negatively correlated to profitability. This suggests that the shorter the period, the higher the profitability of Bumiputera-controlled companies tends to be. However, the cash conversion cycle is significantly and positively correlated to profitability, suggesting that the longer the cash conversion period, the higher the profitability. The payable collection period is not significantly correlated to profitability. The findings of this study assert that in general, Bumiputera-controlled companies are relatively less efficient in its working capital management, as far as the comparison to previous related studies is concerned.
Aggressive Tax Planning and Corporate Tax Avoidance: The Case Study
Authors: Sulaiman Adzhar , Md. Idris Kamil , Abdul Aziz Saliza
Published: June 2021

There have been increasing literature on aggressive tax planning and corporate tax avoidance, which focus on economic consequences (Ksovreli, 2015; Hanlon & Heitzman, 2010). Campaigners have targeted tax-avoiding corporations through the media, citing the enormous amount of tax losses (Hasseldine, Holland & Van der Rijt, 2012). It is pertinent that policy-makers and tax authorities to take action against tax avoiders and tax intermediaries. This paper focuses on the tax avoidance structures identified during tax audits and investigations and further contributes to an understanding of tax avoidance structures and models. The key models identified are related to the abuse of tax incentives and the use of corporate restructuring to minimize or reduced tax exposures. Based on the Case Management System of the Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia, we identify the key structures, their roles and incentives, and outline the tax avoidance schemes. The study summarizes a range of policy responses to tax avoidance, including anti-avoidance rules, disclosure rules and the regulation of tax intermediaries such as tax practitioners.
Who is More Accountable? Federal or State Malaysian Statutory Bodies
Authors: Yahya Nurhidayah , Said Jamaliah , Zakaria Nor Balkish
Published: June 2021

The World Bank on Governance Indicators in the aspect of ‘Voice and Accountability’ reported accountability for Malaysia had declined to 34% in 2017 from 37% in 2013. Data from the International Country Risk Guide showed a decrease in accountability since 2011 from 4.46 to 4 points out of 6 points in the year 2012. Public sector organisations like statutory bodies might also face issues of accountability. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accountability outcomes of federal and state statutory bodies through a questionnaire. The measurement for accountability based on four dimensions, namely transparency, evaluation, stakeholders' participation and complaint and response. Based on 194 responses received from top management of Malaysian statutory bodies, the overall accountability outcome has shown an above-average score of 5.97 for both federal and state statutory bodies. This shows that Malaysian statutory bodies have delivered a high level of accountability. The test for the difference between the means scores of independent T-tests also shows that there is no significant difference between the accountability level of federal and state statutory bodies. Despite the different level of obligation and legislation, both types of statutory bodies seem to deliver an equally high level of accountability outcomes.
Assessment of Internal Auditing Position in the Private Sector in Nigeria: An Applied Study
Authors: Madawaki Abdulkadir , Ahmi Aidi , Ahmad Halimah @ Nasibah
Published: June 2021

The significance of quality internal auditing has received serious attention in both regulatory and public attention in recent years. Essential elements of organisation internal auditing are competency, independence, quality of work performed, risk-based internal audit, internal control activities and coordination between internal and external auditors. The objective of this study is to examine the position of these quality attributes of IA in the Nigerian private sector following the recent regulatory changes. The survey questionnaire was personally administered on internal auditors using a sample of ninety-seven organisations listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) to collect information for the period December 2018 to July 2019. The findings show that all the variables are free from multicollinearity and the results of the descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviations provide that all the respondents seem to agree with the statements regarding the variables. Finally, the paper provided limitation of the study and direction for future research.
The Relationship between Agency Cost and Corporate Performance among Manufacturing Companies in Malaysia
Authors: Mazlan Ahmad Rizal , Tapa Afiruddin , Md Yusoff Nasaruddin , Mokhtar Ali Badron
Published: June 2021

The relationship between agency cost and corporate performance of manufacturing companies is examined in this study. The sample of this study is based on companies listed in Bursa Malaysia for the period from 2011 to 2016. A regression analysis was done and corporate performance is regressed against the predictor variables which where leverage, size, growth, expense, and efficiency. Data for both the dependent and predictor variables were obtained from Bursa Malaysia. This study found that in the model, three out of five proxy of agency costs are significantly related to corporate performance which measured by return on equity (ROE). The three variables which significantly related to corporate performance (ROE) are efficiency, leverage, and size with p-value 0.0226, 0.0002 and 0.0002 respectively. The other two variables found that not significantly related to corporate performance (ROE) which are company growth and expense with p-value 0.6915 and 0.3871 respectively. Hence the study found that agency cost to be significantly related to corporate performance.
Dividend Policy as a Driver of Corporate Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence in Nigeria
Authors: Otitolaiye Emmanuel , Siyanbola Tunji
Published: June 2021

Dividend policy remains an important topic in modern corporate finance. Researchers, managers, and business owners seek to understand the optimal dividend policy. This study examined dividend policy as a driver of corporate growth in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design was adopted to analyse how dividend policy spur the growth of active insurance companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange using secondary data of the sampled firms for 2007 – 2018 while utilising descriptive and inferential (regression) statistics in data analysis. The findings reveal that dividend policy in terms of dividend payout has an insignificant negative effect on corporate growth of insurance companies in Nigeria (?= -8.09E-05, p=0.77; Adjusted R2=0.4093; F(4,139)=3.29; p=0.00 with the controlling effect of efficiency, firm age and leverage which have a significant effect on corporate growth of insurance companies in Nigeria. Specifically, the study reveals that efficiency has a significant negative effect on corporate growth (?=-5.29, p<0.05); while firm age discloses a significant positive influence on corporate growth (?=0.417, p<0.05); as leverage exerts a significant negative effect on corporate growth (?=0.052, p<0.05). Therefore, the study concludes that dividend policy does not significantly drive insurance companies' dividend payout growth. The study recommends that insurance companies' management retain more of their profits, improve their efficiency, and control their leverage to further growth.
Bridging scientific and experiential knowledges via participatory climate adaptation research: A case study of dry farmers in Oregon
Authors: Parks Melissa , Roesch-McNally Gabrielle , Garrett Amy
Published: June 2021

In western Oregon’s Willamette Valley, small fruit and vegetable growers have traditionally relied on irrigation to produce their crops. However, they are increasingly experiencing issues with water availability and access due to precipitation pattern changes associated with climate change. In 2016, the Dry Farming Collaborative (DFC) was developed as a participatory model for facilitating research, social networks, and resource-sharing among agricultural stakeholders to test the efficacy of dry farming as an adaptation strategy. Dry farming differs from irrigated cropping systems in that growers do not irrigate their fields and instead utilize a suite of practices to conserve soil moisture from winter rains for summer crop growth. To better understand how to meaningfully engage stakeholders in participatory climate adaptation research, this study explored how the participatory process facilitated the adoption of dry farming as a climate adaptation strategy among participants. Drawing on interviews with 20 DFC participants, including farmers, gardeners, and researchers, results indicate that the integration and use of different knowledge systems within the participatory research process made it easier for participants to integrate dry farming into their operational contexts. Processes designed to encourage interactions and information-sharing between participants and nonhierarchical researcher-grower relationships facilitated the exchange of these knowledge systems among participants, thus providing them with the trusted and salient information they needed to adopt new practices. Results indicate that these features could be useful for enacting future participatory climate research projects that lead to the adoption of effective adaptation strategies.
exploration of travel and transpersonal development
Authors: Thompson John
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the relationship between travel, transpersonal development and spiritual growth. Due to the personal engagement of the participants and the author in the subject areas being investigated, Moustakas’ (1990) heuristic inquiry was chosen. This is a qualitative methodology ideally suited to reveal tacit knowledge through those “who have directly encountered the phenomenon” (Moustakas, 1990, p. 38). Interview analysis from the author’s original MSc research uncovered themes that were presented through individual depictions, an exemplary depiction and a composite depiction, portraying recurrent collective themes. The composite depiction forms the results section of this paper. The discussion utilises insights and theories from transpersonal psychology as analytical tools to more closely explore the deeper workings of the phenomena being researched. It suggests that for people who are open to experience and capable of processing that experience, travel, through a search for authenticity and transcendence of the known self and outer world can implicitly share similarities with spiritual practices, therapy, and rites of passage. This can lead to self-knowledge, meaningful transformation, and authentic transpersonal development. Furthermore, the liminal aspects of travel can continue on returning home to aid the process of integration, and ‘re-create’ both personal and communal life at home.
A Multilayered Work
Authors: Gladstein Mimi Reisel
Published: June 2021

In this posthumously published novel, Layers, Nathaniel Branden exhibits his talent as not only a philosopher and psychotherapist, but also a writer of fiction. The plot primarily involves the story of Nicholas Holland, a published author and leading therapist, as he interacts with Andrew Berringer, to whom he has come for therapy.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Dari Limbah Cair Tahu dan Serbuk Tulang Ikan Bandeng Terhadap Kandungan Flavonoid Daun Bayam Merah (Althernantera amoena Voss)
Authors: Pramushinta IAK
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan flavonoid pada tanaman bayam merah dengan pemberian POC dari limbah cair tahu dan serbuk tulang ikan bandeng. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan enam ulangan. Perlakuan POC yang digunakan terdiri dari konsentrasi 0%, 10%, 20% dan 40%. Peningkatan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, berat massa basah dan kandungan senyawa flavonoid pada konsentrasi optimum 20% pada bayam merah. Pemberian POC pada konsentrasi 40% mengalami penurunan disebabkan karena tingginya kandungan pupuk organik cair.Kata kunci: Pupuk Organik cair, limbah cair tahu, flavonoid.ABSTRACTThis study aims to identify the flavonoid content of red spinach plants by giving POC from tofu liquid waste and milkfish bone powder. The study design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments of six replications. The POC treatment used consisted of concentrations of 0%, 10%, 20% and 40%. Increased growth in plant height, weight of wet mass and content of flavonoids at optimum concentration of 20% in red spinach. Giving POC at a concentration of 40% has decreased due to the high content of liquid organic fertilizer.Keywords: Liquid organic fertilizer, tofu liquid waste, flavonoids.
Pengaruh Lama Pemanasan Terhadap Nilai ALT Bakteri Teh Kombucha
Authors: Sadiyah Lailatus , Puji Lestari Kinanti Ayu
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK

Kombucha adalah minuman teh yang difermentasi oleh simbiosis koloni bakteri dan yeast. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek lama pemanasan dalam menghambat jumlah bakteri teh kombucha paska pemanasan. Lama pemanasan digunakan untuk menghasilkan minuman kombucha yang bebas fermentasi berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan faktor yaitu lama pemanasan 3 menit dan 5 menit kombucha pasca fermentasi. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi nilai Angka Lempeng Total bakteri. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan menyatakan bahwa lama pemanasan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan nilai Angka Lempeng Total bakteri kombucha.

Kata kunci: kombucha, lama pemanasan
Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Rawat Jalan di Puskesmas Sungai Abang Kabupaten Tebo Tahun 2018
Authors: Dewi Rasmala , Sutrisno Deny , Fernando Febri
Published: June 2021

Infeksi saluran pernafasan adalah penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit menular di dunia. Terapi pengobatan pada penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan terdiri dari pemberian antibiotik dan pengobatan simtomatis. Keberhasilan terapi sangat tergantung pada penggunaan antibiotik secara rasional yang tepat dan bijak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran pernafasan rawat jalan di Puskesmas Sungai Abang Kabupaten Tebo dengan parameter yang meliputi tepat indikasi obat, tepat pasien, tepat dosis obat, dan interaksi obat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional bersifat deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan sampel meliputi seluruh pasien penderita infeksi saluran pernafasan rawat jalan di Puskesmas Sungai Abang Kabupaten Tebo tahun 2018 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien infeksi saluran pernafasan rawat jalan tahun 2018 berdasarkan analisa kualitatif yang telah dilakukan di Puskesmas Sungai Abang Kabupaten Tebo, didapat tepat indikasi obat sebesar 81,73%, tepat pasien sebesar 100%, tepat dosis obat sebesar 92,31%, dan kejadian interaksi obat antibiotik sebanyak 13 kejadian. Berdasarkan 104 data rekam medik pasien di Puskesmas Sungai Abang Kabupaten Tebo tahun 2018 masih ditemukan ketidakrasionalan dalam penggunaan antibiotik.
Penggunaan Antibiotik Restriksi Pada Pasien Apendiks Akut, Batu Ginjal dan Cedera Kepala Ringan (CKR) di Bangsal Bedah RSUD H. Abdul Manap Kota Jambi Periode 2017-2019
Authors: Andriani Yuni , Rahmadevi  , Fauziah Wiwin
Published: June 2021

Tingginya prevalensi penyakit infeksi di Indonesia menyebabkan penggunaan antibiotik meningkat. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resiko terhadap resistensi antibotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase penggunaan antibiotik restriksi pada pasien apendiks akut, batu ginjal dan cedera kepala ringan (CKR) di bangsal bedah Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah H. Abdul Manap Kota Jambi periode 2017 – 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang di analisa secara deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif pada rekam medis pasien apendiks akut, batu ginjal dan CKR yang mendapat terapi antibiotik sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 117 pasien didapatkan sebanyak 36 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Persentase penggunaan antibiotik restriksi terbanyak adalah ciprofloxacin (21,3%) sedangkan levofloxacin (9,4 %). Persentase antibiotik restriksi pada diagnosa apendiks akut yaitu (29%) di tahun 2017, (28%) tahun 2018 dan (31%) tahun 2019 pasien, untuk diagnosa batu ginjal (42%) tahun 2017, (54%) tahun 2018 dan (50%) tahun 2019, sedangkan diagnosa CKR (22%) tahun 2017, (16%) tahun 2018 dan (18%) tahun 2020. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan penggunaan antibiotik terbanyak adalah ciprofloxacin 21,3%, persentase penggunaan antibiotik restriksi pada diagnosa apendiks akut, batu ginjal dan CKR terjadi peningkatan dan penurunan.
Kaitan Pengetahuan dengan Respon Pengunjung Apotek terhadap Penolakan Pelayanan Pengobatan Mandiri dengan Antibiotik
Authors: Lubada Eziah Ika , Zulfa Ilil Maidatuz , Putri Octavia Eka
Published: June 2021

Pengobatan mandiri dengan antibiotik masih menjadi masalah di masyarakat Indonesia dimana sebagian besar sumber perolehan antibiotik adalah apotek. Beberapa apotek mungkin menolak memberikan antibiotik tanpa resep, namun angka pengobatan mandiri masih susah ditekan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan respon pengunjung apotek terhadap penolakan pelayanan antibiotik tanpa resep. Studi cross sectional di lakukan di Apotek Daerah Kebonsari Surabaya pada Januari-Februari 2020 menggunakan kuisioner untuk mengukur pengetahuan pengunjung apotek tentang antibiotik dan mengobservasi respon mereka apabila apotek menolak memberikan antibiotik tanpa resep. Pengetahuan responden diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tingkatan dan dianalisis kaitannya dengan bentuk respon yang dipilih menggunakan Fisher exact test. Sebanyak 82 responden dilibatkan dalam penelitian dimana 64,63% berpengetahuan baik tentang antibiotik dan sisanya berpengetahuan cukup dan sebanyak 75,60% pernah melakukan pengobatan mandiri dengan antibiotik. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan pengalaman pengobatan mandiri antibiotik (p-value 0,068) namun tingkat pengetahuan tentang antibiotik berkorelasi dengan respon ketika mengalami penolakan pelayanan antibiotik tanpa resep (p-value 0,049). Responden yang berpengetahuan baik terhadap antibiotik cenderung memilih periksa ke dokter sedangkan yang berpengetahuan cukup cenderung memilih pergi ke apotek lain yang masih memberikan antibiotik tanpa resep. Peningkatan edukasi serta penguatan penerapan regulasi antibiotik di komunitas masih sangat diperlukan guna menekan pengobatan mandiri dengan antibiotik
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sargassum polycystum terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Riwanti Pramudita , Andayani Rina , Trinanda Lia
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% Sargassum polycystumterhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. S.polycystumdiperoleh dariDesa Cabbiya, Kecamatan Talango, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madurayang diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali replikasi. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas ekstrak etanol 96% rumput laut coklat S. polycystumdengan konsentrasi 10% b/v, 20% b/v, 40% b/v, 80% b/v dan 100% b/v, kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah kloramfenikol 0,1%, dan kontrol negatif yang digunakan adalah pelarut yaitu etanol 96% yang digunakan sebagai pelarut ekstrak. Uji antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% S. polycystummengunakan metode sumuran dengan jumlah bakteri yang disesuaikan dengan standar kekeruhan Mc Farland. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik SPSS dengan metode One-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96% rumput laut coklat S. polycystummempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus. Hasil pengukuran zona hambat yang diperoleh pada konsentrasi 10% sebesar 3,49 ± 3,55 mm; konsentrasi 20% sebesar 4,22 ± 3,91 mm; konsentrasi 40% sebesar 5,97 ± 5,09mm; konsentrasi 80% sebesar 8,41 ± 2,76 mm; dan konsentrasi 100% sebesar 11,07 ±0,07mm.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Hidrogel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.) dengan Kombinasi Basis Karbopol 940 dan HPMC K4M
Authors: Yenny Harliantika  , Noval
Published: June 2021

Hidrogel merupakan sediaan topikal dengan cara dioleskan pada kulit. Ekstrak daun gaharu terbukti mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berperan dalam membantu proses penyembuhan luka. Kombinasi karbopol dan HPMC bertujuan untuk menutupi kekurangan karbopol saat digunakan pada konsentrasi tinggi dan memberikan pH asam. Mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi basis karbopol 940 dan  HPMC K4M dan hasil stabilitas evaluasi terhadap formulasi hidrogel ekstrak etanol daun gaharu yang optimal. Metode yang digunakan ekperimental dengan rancangan true-eksperimental. Sampel yang digunakan daun gaharu di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu. Determinasi, preparasi, ekstraksi, pembuatan hidrogel dan evaluasi. Data dianalisis dengan statistik ANOVA dan Kruskal-Wallis. Formulasi hidrogel dengan kombinasi basis karbopol 940 dan HPMC K4M memberikan pengaruh terhadap formulasi hidrogel ekstrak daun gaharu dengan uji stabilitas evaluasi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar dan daya lekat. Hasil formulasi yang dapat mempertahankan stabilitas evaluasi selama penyimpanan 28 hari pada suhu ruangan adalah F2. Hasil uji statistik pH, viskositas, daya sebar dan daya lekat <0,05, p-value <0,05 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada tiap formula. Adanya pengaruh kombinasi basis karbopol 940 dan HPMC K4M terhadap formulasi hidrogel ekstrak daun gaharu dan formulasi yang baik terdapat pada F2.
PENGARUH POLA MAKAN SEHAT DALAM ISLAM TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN OBESITAS DI MASYARAKAT KP. GEBANG RT/RW 004/011
Authors: Kusumawardani Anggilia , Yuliana Yuliana , Pratiwi Ayu
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Secara harfiah, junk food diartikan sebagai makanan sampah atau makanan tidak bergizi. Kehidupan yang semakin canggih dan modern didukung dengan berkembangnya ilmu dan teknologi serta adanya makanan fast food, maka akan berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola makan sehat islam terhadap pencegahan obesitas di masyarakat Kp. Gebang RT/RW 004/002. Metode Penelitian: penelitian menggunakan desain korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 135 responden dan sampel penelitian menggunakan random sampling sebanyak 101 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pendekatan dan observasi. Metode analisa data yang digunakan yaitu Chi Square. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner dan observasi indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Hasil penelitian: pada variabel pola makan sehat islam dan pencegahan obesitas didapatkan hasil uji Chi Square dengan nilai p value 0,782>0,05. Kesimpulan: berdasarkan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan pengaruh pola makan sehat islam terhadap pencegahan obesitas.

Kata Kunci: Pola Makan Sehat Islam, Pencegahan Obesitas, IMT, Masyarakat.
#schuleverantworten
Authors: Rauscher Erwin
Published: June 2021

Dieser erste Beitrag des Web-Journals in der Rubrik Führungskultur ist kein wissenschaftlicher. Vielmehr will er informieren über Absichten der Herausgeber*innen, über Ziele der dafür verantwortlichen Pädagogischen Hochschulen aus Niederösterreich und aus Zürich. Zudem dient er als Nachweis und Rechtfertigung der Wortwahl beim Benennen des Web-Journals. Er will eine Dialogbrücke schlagen von den Schreibenden zu den Lesenden, will anstiften zum gemeinsamen Denken und Tun für die Schule, an und in unseren Schulen.
Mut zu mehr Agilität in der Schulführung
Authors: Anderegg Niels
Published: June 2021

Will man als Organisation oder Führungsperson modern sein, kommt man um das Wort Agilität nicht herum. Am Beispiel einer Geschichte der Firma Patagonia wird dargestellt, was Agilität für eine Organisation und Führungsperson bedeuten kann und warum ein gemeinsames Verständnis über die Organistionsziele und -werte und eine hohe Professionalität der Mitarbeitenden für das Gelingen von Agilität wesentlich ist. Übersetzt für die Schule bedeutet Agilität eine intensive Miteinbeziehung von Lehrer*innen in die gemeinsame Verantwortung und Führung einer Schule. Dies zur Qualitätssteigerung der Schule und gleichzeitigen Entlastung der Schulleitung.
Herausforderungen einer Führungskraft in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Schleicher Ulrike
Published: June 2021

Inwieweit unterscheidet sich Führung in Krisenzeiten von Führung ohne COVID-19-Pandemie? In diesem Artikel geht eine schulische Führungskraft aufgrund ihrer langjährigen Erfahrung in der Direktion einer Berufsschule dieser Fragestellung nach. Welche zusätzlichen Herausforderungen ergeben sich durch die Krise für eine Führungskraft? Was erwarten sich die schulischen Anspruchsgruppen in Zeiten der Krise von einer Führungskraft? Dieser Beitrag gibt die Sicht einer schulischen Führungskraft wieder – gestützt durch das Feedback, das sie von ihrem Lehrerteam erhalten hat
Krise, die. Substantiv, feminin.
Authors: Lošek Fritz
Published: June 2021

Viele hatten schon eine: Kuba, die Weltwirtschaft, die Tulpen; manche kriegen sie gleich, manche eher in der Ehe, Männer meist im midlife; für sie gibt es hotlines und Interventionsteams, Stäbe und Gipfel ...
GSM and the Nigerian Economy: The Journey from 2004 to 2019
Authors: Enahoro Michael A. , Olawade David B.
Published: June 2021

The turn of the 21st century saw Nigeria liberalize its telecommunications sector with the deregulation of the industry, and the introduction of the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) network platforms in the country. This move had an immediate positive socio-economic impact. Sectors like information technology, banking and finance, online trade, sporting, education, entertainment, security, and healthcare have significantly improved over the years. So far, tens of millions of direct employments have been directly provided via the platform. Furthermore, the country’s GDP attributable to telecommunication has constantly increased since the deregulation of the telecommunication industry. The paradigm shift has since seen the industry grow at a pace faster than most established networks in the world. However, several demerits have also stemmed from this advancement such as cyber-crime, cyber-bullying, blackmailing, and reduced productivity attributed to social media distractions. Even with the apparent progress, it can be concluded that the telecommunication sector is still quite underexploited in Nigeria. The lack of basic infrastructures like constant electricity and accessible road networks across several parts of the country, and the harsh economic policies have severely limited the potential for heightened economic productivity. 
Importance of Beef Cattle Farming Model and Appropriate Benefits for Small-Scale Farmers in Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand
Authors: Wiyabot Thunwa , Manakit Piyalap
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and reasonable production costs for small cattle farmers in Nakhon Sawan Province of Thailand. Small-scale beef cattle are naturally reared by farmers without planning. Studying the primary data of beef cattle farming models and comparing the economic return costs of each form of beef cattle farming among smallholder farmers in Nakhon Sawan Province of Thailand shows that the yields are not worthwhile. By applying the specific method to 25% of the area of all farms in Nakhon Sawan Province and comparing the descriptive statistical yields, the results showed that two types of cattle with 4 characteristics predominate. The first is rearing pregnant mother cows for sale and buying mother cows. The second category is feeder cattle, release cattle and fattening cattle. A study of the costs and economic compensation of suitable small-scale beef cattle farmers in Nakhon Sawan Province of Thailand found that cattle farms should raise cattle because the yield from farming is valued and because of the economic returns and the time spent. The payback for this form is faster than other forms of investment.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 7
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: June 2021

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 7, 2021.
Preliminary Observations About Forage Potential of Chia
Authors: Bhardwaj Harbans L.
Published: June 2021

With a view towards expanding the menu of available summer forages, a study was conducted to characterize forage traits of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.). When grown in Virginia (mid-Atlantic region of the United States) during 2019 and 2020, 60-day old whole vegetative plants of both black-seeded and white-seeded Chia contained approximately 21 percent protein, 1.5 percent potassium, 2.06 percent calcium, 2.4 percent crude fat, 21.2 percent ADF, and 29.4 percent NDF. The fresh and dry biomass yields were 8310 and 814 kg ha-1, respectively. Based on forage quality values of Chia produced in other countries and other forages, it was concluded that Chia is a potential forage crop.