bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on a Fixed Type Natural Ventilator
Authors: Kim Yeong Sik , Chung Hanshik , Jeong Hyomin , Song Sung-Ki , Yi Chungseob , Choi Soon-Ho
Published: July 2016

Ventilation is the intentional air supply to a closed space from the outside, which is essential for the sake of a comfortable environment and the health of human beings. In recent, with the wide spread of renewable energy, much attention has been paid to the natural ventilation. The natural ventilator is classified into a fixed type, a venturi type and a wind turbine type. In this study, the ventilation rates of the fixed type ventilator were experimentally investigated by changing the wind velocity. Additionally, the condition of a backflow was also examined. According to the experimental results, the ventilated air flow strongly depended on the outside wind velocity and also on the intake opening area. In the reverse flow test, it was confirmed that the reverse flow into the ventilator occurred if the wind velocity was under a certain threshold value. Furthermore, the reverse flow phenomenon was more severe when an obstacle is located in the downstream of a ventilator.
LiteBIRD
Authors: Ishino Hirokazu
Published: July 2016

We present LiteBIRD, a satellite project dedicated for the detection of the CMB B-mode polarization. The purpose of LiteBIRD is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio [Formula: see text] with a precision of [Formula: see text] to test large-single-field slow-roll inflation models by scanning all the sky area for three years at the sun-earth L2 with the sensitivity of 3.2[Formula: see text]K⋅arcmin. We report an overview and the status of the project, including the ongoing detector and systematic studies.
Axion Research at CAPP/IBS
Authors: Youn SungWoo
Published: July 2016

The axion, a hypothetical fundamental particle, was postulated as an attractive solution to the CP problem in quantum chromodynamics and believed to be an ideal candidate for the cold dark matter. The Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research of the Institute for Basic Science has launched a state of the art experiment to search for the hypothesised new particle using microwave resonant cavities. I will discuss R&D efforts at our center and plans for the experiment.
Suppression of the Primordial Gravitational Waves
Authors: Tumurtushaa Gansukh , Koh Seoktae , Lee Bum-Hoon
Published: July 2016

We study the primordial gravitational waves induced by space-space condensate inflation model. For modes that cross the comoving horizon during matter dominated era, we calculate the energy spectrum of gravitational waves. The energy spectrum of gravitational waves for our model has significantly suppressed in the low frequency range. The suppression occurs due to the phase transition during the early evolution of the Universe and depends on model parameter.
A Particle Probing Thermodynamics in Rotating AdS Black Hole
Authors: Gwak Bogeun , Lee Bum-Hoon
Published: July 2016

We briefly review the thermodynamics of a probe particle absorption to a black hole in this proceeding. The particle energy has a relation to its momenta at the horizon of the black hole. Following this relation, the particle infinitesimally changes the black hole mass and momenta. Under these changes, the changes of properties of the black hole are consistent with the laws of thermodynamics.
The 8th ACM Web Science Conference 2016
Authors: Jäschke Robert
Published: July 2016

This article provides an overview of this year's ACM Web Science Conference (WebSci'16). It was located in Hannover, Germany, and organized by L3S Research Center and the Web Science Trust. WebSci'16 attracted more than 160 researchers from very different disciplines -- ranging from computer science to anthropology. Celebrating 10 years of the Web Science research initiative, the conference featured six keynotes, three panels, nine paper sessions, and several side-events.
Interview with Helen Ashman
Authors: Atzenbeck Claus
Published: July 2016

Helen Ashman has been interested in hypertext and user profiling for two decades now, initially in adaptive hypermedia systems, later including intrusion detection systems, and now in authorship attribution applications such as plagiarism detection and astroturfing detection. She was at the Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation until 1997, during which time she was posted to the University of Southampton for one year. Later she moved to the University of Nottingham, returning in 2007 to Australia to join the University of South Australia where she is now. She was General Chair of ACM Hypertext 2003 in Nottingham, and joint programme chair in 2004 and 2016, as well as joint programme chair of Adaptive Hypermedia in 2006. She was joint Editor-in-Chief of the ACM Transactions on the Web 2005-2011. She served on the SIGWEB executive 2003-2005.
A glance at seven ACM SIGWEB series of conferences
Authors: Agarwal Swati , Mittal Nitish , Sureka Ashish
Published: July 2016

ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext and the Web (ACM SIGWEB) is a community of researchers and supporting organization of seven conferences primarily focusing on the World Wide Web, document engineering, digital libraries and linked media oriented researches. ACM SIGWEB group covers a variety of topics related to hypertext, hypermedia, social networks, information retrieval and web science. In this paper, we present a bibliometric analysis of the scientific publications and corresponding ACM metadata (also published as a research output) of seven conferences sponsored by ACM SIGWEB. We perform an exploratory data analysis on bibliography database and analyze several years of publication data (since the year of conference started until September 2015) of these conferences. We propose 5 research questions across various facets such as number of publications, authors and affiliation participation and conduct a statistical analysis of DBLP records and ACM metadata to answer those questions. Our results reveal that new SIGWEB conferences (started in or after year 2000) are growing much faster in terms of number of publications, authors and affiliation participation across various regions of world. We also find that HT, despite being the oldest SIGWEB conference the rate of number submissions received are relatively less in comparison to WSDM (new SIGWEB conference). Our analysis also reveals that CIKM is the most leading SIGWEB conference.
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal: a critical target in oxidative stress?
Authors: Breitzig Mason , Bhimineni Charishma , Lockey Richard , Kolliputi Narasaiah
Published: July 2016

In this perspective, we summarize and discuss critical advancements in the study of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) as it relates to diseases and clinical complications either caused or exacerbated by oxidative stress. Since its identification in 1980, 4-HNE has been extensively studied with an emphasis on its formation, its role in pathology, and its targets. As a reactive aldehyde, and a product of lipid peroxidation, studies corroborate its ability to disrupt signal transduction and protein activity, as well as induce inflammation and trigger cellular apoptosis in conditions of oxidative stress. Notably, we discuss the role of natural enzymes involved in the regulation of 4-HNE, and how they can be applied to its detoxification in various physiological conditions.
4-PBA improves lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by attenuating ER stress
Authors: Zheng Peili , Lin Yu , Wang Feifei , Luo Renfei , Zhang Tiezheng , Hu Shan , Feng Pinning , Liang Xinling , Li Chunling , Wang Weidong
Published: July 2016

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in some types of glomerular and tubular disorders. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the role of ER stress in lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and to investigate whether attenuation of ER stress by 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) improves urinary concentrating defect in lithium-treated rats. Wistar rats received lithium (40 mmol/kg food), 4-PBA (320 mg/kg body wt by gavage every day), or no treatment (control) for 2 wk, and they were dehydrated for 24 h before euthanasia. Lithium treatment resulted in increased urine output and decreased urinary osmolality, which was significantly improved by 4-PBA. 4-PBA also prevented reduced protein expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP2), pS256-AQP2, and pS261-AQP2 in the inner medulla of kidneys from lithium-treated rats after 24-h dehydration. Lithium treatment resulted in increased expression of ER stress markers in the inner medulla, which was associated with dilated cisternae and expansion of ER in the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) principal cells. Confocal immunofluorescence studies showed colocalization of a molecular chaperone, binding IgG protein (BiP), with AQP2 in principal cells. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased intracellular expression of BiP and decreased AQP2 expression in IMCD principal cells of kidneys from lithium-treated rats. 4-PBA attenuated expression of ER stress markers and recovered ER morphology. In IMCD suspensions isolated from lithium-treated rats, 4-PBA incubation was also associated with increased AQP2 expression and ameliorated ER stress. In conclusion, in experimental lithium-induced NDI, 4-PBA improved the urinary concentrating defect and increased AQP2 expression, likely via attenuating ER stress in IMCD principal cells.
Oculomotor inhibition covaries with conscious detection
Authors: White Alex L. , Rolfs Martin
Published: July 2016

Saccadic eye movements occur frequently even during attempted fixation, but they halt momentarily when a new stimulus appears. Here, we demonstrate that this rapid, involuntary “oculomotor freezing” reflex is yoked to fluctuations in explicit visual perception. Human observers reported the presence or absence of a brief visual stimulus while we recorded microsaccades, small spontaneous eye movements. We found that microsaccades were reflexively inhibited if and only if the observer reported seeing the stimulus, even when none was present. By applying a novel Bayesian classification technique to patterns of microsaccades on individual trials, we were able to decode the reported state of perception more accurately than the state of the stimulus (present vs. absent). Moreover, explicit perceptual sensitivity and the oculomotor reflex were both susceptible to orientation-specific adaptation. The adaptation effects suggest that the freezing reflex is mediated by signals processed in the visual cortex before reaching oculomotor control centers rather than relying on a direct subcortical route, as some previous research has suggested. We conclude that the reflexive inhibition of microsaccades immediately and inadvertently reveals when the observer becomes aware of a change in the environment. By providing an objective measure of conscious perceptual detection that does not require explicit reports, this finding opens doors to clinical applications and further investigations of perceptual awareness.
Overexpression of BAG3 Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis by Inducing Autophagy
Authors: Zhang Jiankai , He Zhangyou , Xiao Wenjian , Na Qingqing , Wu Tianxiu , Su Kaixin , Cui Xiaojun
Published: July 2016

Background: Hypoxia is a well-known factor in the promotion of apoptosis, which contributes to the development of numerous cardiac diseases, such as heart failure and myocardial infarction. Inhibiting apoptosis is an important therapeutic strategy for the treatment of related heart diseases caused by ischemia/hypoxic injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that BAG3 plays an important role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and survival. However, the role of BAG3 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains to be clarified. Here, we demonstrate that BAG3 is induced by hypoxia stimuli in cultured cardiomyocytes. Methods: BAG3 expression level was measured in H9c2 cells treated with hypoxia for 48 h. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were tested using MTT assay and Annexin V FITC-PI staining assay, respectively. The mRNA or protein expression level of BAG3, LC3-I, LC3-II, Atg5, NF-κB p65 and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot assay, respectively. Resluts: Overexpression of BAG3 inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted proliferation in hypoxia-injured H9c2 cells. Furthermore, autophagy and NF-κB were activated by BAG3 overexpression, and the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC could inhibit the activation of autophagy induced by BAG3 overexpression. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA partly impeded the inhibitory effect of BAG3 on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Conclusion: these results suggested that overexpression of BAG3 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis by activating autophagy though the NF-κB signaling pathway in hypoxia-injured cardiomyocytes.
Thromboembolism in patients with congenital afibrinogenaemia
Authors: Nagler Michael , Alberio Lorenzo , Peter-Salonen Kristiina , von Tengg-Kobligk Hendrik , Lottaz Daniel , Neerman-Arbez Marguerite , Lämmle Bernhard , Kremer Hovinga Johanna A.
Published: July 2016

Frequent arterial and venous thromboembolism in patients with congenital afibrinogenaemia (CA) is neither understood nor is a safe and effective treatment established. It was our objective to report on the clinical observations and laboratory data contributing to the understanding of the frequency, physiopathology, prognosis and treatment of CA. We observed the long-term clinical course and laboratory data in a cohort of four patients with CA and thromboembolic complications, and conducted a systematic review retrieving all available data. Four patients with CA developed recurrent and extensive arterial and venous thromboembolism (TE) from an age of 25–51 years. In two patients, a treatment strategy targeting at maintaining constantly measurable fibrinogen (Fbg) levels (≥0.5 g/l) either by regular Fbg replacement or by orthotopic liver transplantation resulted in long-term remissions. Radiological imaging documented resolved arterial thrombi after 6–12 months. In contrast, recurrent thromboembolic events were observed in two other patients with infrequent Fbg replacement. A systematic review of the literature revealed 48 reports of TE in patients with CA (median age at first event 31 years), and a favourable outcome in most patients with frequent application of Fbg, aimed at constantly measurable trough levels. Present data suggests that patients with CA are at high risk of arterial and venous thromboembolic events, probably caused by thrombin excess owing to lack of thrombin scavenging by Fbg/fibrin. Regular low-dose Fbg replacement might be a safe and effective treatment option in patients with CA and thromboembolic complications.

Note: Preliminary data of this report were presented as oral presentation at the XXV Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, June 20th to 25th, Toronto, Canada.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
O discurso político e a charge eletrônica: uma análise à luz do interacionismo sociodiscursivo
Authors: Abreu-Tardelli Lília Santos , Santos Andressa Cristiane dos , Borges Leticia Fonseca , Ciceri Natalia Santos
Published: July 2016

Fundamentado no interacionismo sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 1999), este artigo objetiva realizar uma análise por meio do folhado textual, enfatizando as vozes e modalizações presentes no discurso político proferido pela presidente Dilma Rousseff, na abertura da 68º Assembleia-Geral da ONU. Além disso, mostraremos como essas vozes repercutem em outros textos, a partir da análise de uma charge eletrônica relativa a esse discurso. A escolha do discurso proferido pela presidente, nessa ocasião, justificase pelo destaque que recebeu da mídia brasileira, principalmente quanto à manifestação da presidente em relação à espionagem norte-americana sofrida pelo Brasil. A escolha da charge eletrônica deu-se devido ao gênero estar ligado a acontecimentos atuais, ser essencialmente crítico e polifônico (ROMUALDO, 2000) e sua significação ser construída relacionada a fatos políticos. A análise do discurso da presidente possibilitou-nos verificar como os mecanismos enunciativos contribuem para a construção de uma imagem ideológica do evento em si, de eventos políticos concomitantes e da própria presidente. Na análise da charge, apontamos a relação dialógica existente entre os textos, a partir de elementos verbais e não-verbais; e, dada à ironia característica do gênero, notamos que o texto orienta o leitor para um único ponto de vista da situação política brasileira.
Por uma memória da África e dos afrodescendentes: aspectos teóricos e legais para o ensino de literaturas africanas e afro-brasileira
Authors: Martin Vima Lia de Rossi , Bueno André De Godoy
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo focaliza aspectos teóricos e legais que embasam a abordagem das literaturas africanas e afro-brasileira na educação brasileira. Tal intenção articula-se à Lei 10.639/2003, cujo escopo é o ensino de história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira em todos os níveis educacionais no Brasil. A referida Lei deve nortear as propostas educacionais desde o nível básico até o ensino superior, sendo contemplada na formulação dos projetos pedagógicos das escolas e nas próprias aulas. Assim, discute-se uma abordagem pedagógica ligada ao ensino de literatura, num sentido amplo, e, em pormenor, ao ensino das literaturas africanas e afro-brasileira. O objetivo do estudo é contribuir para a consolidação da educação para as relações étnico-raciais, bem como ressaltar a importância de ações legais para a sua efetivação.
Thirty Years of Saying NO
Authors: Vanhoutte Paul M. , Zhao Yingzi , Xu Aimin , Leung Susan W.S.
Published: July 2016

Endothelial cells control vascular tone by releasing nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase. The activity of endothelial NO synthase is modulated by the calcium concentration and by post-translational modifications (eg, phosphorylation). When NO reaches vascular smooth muscle, soluble guanylyl cyclase is its primary target producing cGMP. NO production is stimulated by circulating substances (eg, catecholamines), platelet products (eg, serotonin), autacoids formed in (eg, bradykinin) or near (eg, adiponectin) the vascular wall and physical factors (eg, shear stress). NO dysfunction can be caused, alone or in combination, by abnormal coupling of endothelial cell membrane receptors, insufficient supply of substrate (
l
-arginine) or cofactors (tetrahydrobiopterin), endogenous inhibitors (asymmetrical dimethyl arginine), reduced expression/presence/dimerization of endothelial NO synthase, inhibition of its enzymatic activity, accelerated disposition of NO by reactive oxygen species and abnormal responses (eg, biased soluble guanylyl cyclase activity producing cyclic inosine monophosphate) of the vascular smooth muscle. Major culprits causing endothelial dysfunction, irrespective of the underlying pathological process (aging, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension), include stimulation of mineralocorticoid receptors, activation of endothelial Rho-kinase, augmented presence of asymmetrical dimethyl arginine, and exaggerated oxidative stress. Genetic and pharmacological interventions improve dysfunctional NO-mediated vasodilatations if protecting the supply of substrate and cofactors for endothelial NO synthase, preserving the presence and activity of the enzyme and reducing reactive oxygen species generation. Common achievers of such improvement include maintained levels of estrogens and increased production of adiponectin and induction of silent mating-type information regulation 2 homologue 1. Obviously, endothelium-dependent relaxations are not the only beneficial action of NO in the vascular wall. Thus, reduced NO-mediated responses precede and initiate the atherosclerotic process.
Carotid Body Ablation Abrogates Hypertension and Autonomic Alterations Induced by Intermittent Hypoxia in Rats
Authors: Del Rio Rodrigo , Andrade David C. , Lucero Claudia , Arias Paulina , Iturriaga Rodrigo
Published: July 2016

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main feature of obstructive sleep apnea, enhances carotid body (CB) chemosensory responses to hypoxia and produces autonomic dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension. We tested whether autonomic alterations, arrhythmogenesis, and the progression of hypertension induced by CIH depend on the enhanced CB chemosensory drive, by ablation of the CB chemoreceptors. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to control (Sham) conditions for 7 days and then to CIH (5% O
2
, 12/h 8 h/d) for a total of 28 days. At 21 days of CIH exposure, rats underwent bilateral CB ablation and then exposed to CIH for 7 additional days. Arterial blood pressure and ventilatory chemoreflex response to hypoxia were measured in conscious rats. In addition, cardiac autonomic imbalance, cardiac baroreflex gain, and arrhythmia score were assessed during the length of the experiments. In separate experimental series, we measured extracellular matrix remodeling content in cardiac atrial tissue and systemic oxidative stress. CIH induced hypertension, enhanced ventilatory response to hypoxia, induced autonomic imbalance toward sympathetic preponderance, reduced baroreflex gain, and increased arrhythmias and atrial fibrosis. CB ablation normalized blood pressure, reduced ventilatory response to hypoxia, and restored cardiac autonomic and baroreflex function. In addition, CB ablation reduced the number of arrhythmias, but not extracellular matrix remodeling or systemic oxidative stress, suggesting that reductions in arrhythmia incidence during CIH were related to normalization of cardiac autonomic balance. Present results show that autonomic alterations induced by CIH are critically dependent on the CB and support a main role for the CB in the CIH-induced hypertension.
Systematic Review of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Apheresis for the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Wang Anthony , Richhariya Akshara , Gandra Shravanthi R. , Calimlim Brian , Kim Lisa , Quek Ruben G. W. , Nordyke Robert J. , Toth Peter P.
Published: July 2016

Background

Apheresis is an important treatment for reducing
low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL
‐C) in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (
FH
). We systematically reviewed the current literature surrounding
LDL
‐C apheresis for
FH
.

Methods and Results

Electronic databases were searched for publications of
LDL
‐C apheresis in
patients with FH
. Inclusion criteria include articles in English published in 2000–2013 that provide descriptions of practice patterns, efficacy/effectiveness, and costs related to
LDL
‐C apheresis in
patients with FH
. Data were stratified by country and
FH
genotype where possible. Thirty‐eight studies met the inclusion criteria: 8 open‐label clinical trials, 11 observational studies, 17 reviews/guidelines, and 2 health technology assessments. The prevalence of
FH
was not well characterized by country, and underdiagnosis was a barrier to
FH
treatment. Treatment guidelines varied by country, with some guidelines recommending
LDL
‐C apheresis as first‐line treatment in patients with homozygous FH and after drug therapy failure in patients with heterozygous FH. Additionally, guidelines typically recommended weekly or biweekly
LDL
‐C apheresis treatments conducted at apheresis centers that may last 2 to >3 hours per session. Studies reported a range for mean
LDL
‐C reduction after apheresis: 57–75% for patients with homozygous FH and 58–63% for patients with heterozygous FH. Calculated annual costs (in US$2015) may reach US$66 374 to US$228 956 per patient for weekly treatment.

Conclusions

LDL
‐C apheresis treatment may be necessary for
patients with FH
when drug therapy is inadequate in reducing
LDL
‐C to target levels. While apheresis reduces
LDL
‐C, high per‐session costs and the frequency of guideline‐recommended treatment result in substantial annual costs, which are barriers to the optimal treatment of
FH
.
Plasma Fibroblast Growth Factor 23: Clinical Correlates and Association With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Haring Robin , Enserro Danielle , Xanthakis Vanessa , Mitchell Gary F. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Hamburg Naomi M. , Sullivan Lisa , Nauck Matthias , Wallaschofski Henri , Vasan Ramachandran S.
Published: July 2016

Background

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (
FGF
23) is emerging as a novel biomarker of bone metabolism, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease (
CVD
). However, its clinical correlates and potential predictive role in a community‐based setting are incompletely understood.

Methods and Results

We evaluated participants of the Framingham Heart Study (seventh examination cycle of the Offspring cohort plus second examination cycle of the multiethnic Omni cohort) to identify clinical correlates of plasma
FGF
23 (N=3236) and examine its cross‐sectional association with vascular function (N=2209), and longitudinal association with 10‐year incidence of
CVD
(N=2823), and all‐cause mortality (N=3223).

Circulating
FGF
23 concentrations were positively related to African‐American and Asian ethnicity, waist circumference, current smoking, serum glucose, history of
CVD
, and antihypertensive medication use; and negatively related to male sex, hormone replacement therapy, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Multivariable‐adjusted cross‐sectional analyses showed no consistent association of
FGF
23 with vascular function measures. During a median follow‐up time of 10.8 years, 347 incident
CVD
events and 412 deaths occurred. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression models revealed a positive association of
FGF
23 with all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [
HR
] per
SD
increase, 1.31; 95%
CI,
1.20–1.42), but not with incident
CVD
(
HR
per
SD
increase, 1.05; 95%
CI,
0.94–1.17).

Conclusions

In our large, community‐based sample,
FGF
23 was associated with mortality risk, but not with vascular function or incident
CVD
.
Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Overexpressing Mutant Human Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor 1‐α (HIF1‐α) in an Ovine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hnatiuk Anna P. , Ong Sang‐Ging , Olea Fernanda D. , Locatelli Paola , Riegler Johannes , Lee Won Hee , Jen Cheng Hao , De Lorenzi Andrea , Giménez Carlos S. , Laguens Rubén , Wu Joseph C. , Crottogini Alberto
Published: July 2016

Background

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (
BMMSC
s) are cardioprotective in acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
) because of release of paracrine angiogenic and prosurvival factors. Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐α (
HIF
1‐α), rapidly degraded during normoxia, is stabilized during ischemia and upregulates various cardioprotective genes. We hypothesized that
BMMSC
s engineered to overexpress mutant, oxygen‐resistant
HIF
1‐α would confer greater cardioprotection than nontransfected
BMMSC
s in sheep with
AMI
.

Methods and Results

Allogeneic
BMMSC
s transfected with a minicircle vector encoding mutant
HIF
1‐α (
BMMSC
‐
HIF
) were injected in the peri‐infarct of sheep (n=6) undergoing coronary occlusion. Over 2 months, infarct volume measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (
CMR
) imaging decreased by 71.7±1.3% (
P
<0.001), and left ventricular (
LV
) percent ejection fraction (%
EF
) increased near 2‐fold (
P
<0.001) in the presence of markedly decreased end‐systolic volume. Sheep receiving nontransfected
BMMSC
s (
BMMSC
; n=6) displayed less infarct size limitation and percent
LVEF
improvement, whereas in placebo‐treated animals (n=6), neither parameters changed over time.
HIF
1‐α‐transfected
BMMSC
s (
BMMSC
‐
HIF
) induced angio‐/arteriogenesis and decreased apoptosis by
HIF
1‐mediated overexpression of erythropoietin, inducible nitrous oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and angiopoietin‐1. Cell tracking using paramagnetic iron nanoparticles in 12 additional sheep revealed enhanced long‐term retention of
BMMSC
‐
HIF
.

Conclusions

Intramyocardial delivery of
BMMSC
‐
HIF
reduced infarct size and improved
LV
systolic performance compared to
BMMSC
, attributed to increased neovascularization and cardioprotective effects induced by
HIF
1‐mediated overexpression of paracrine factors and enhanced retention of injected cells. Given the safety of the minicircle vector and the feasibility of
BMMSC
s for allogeneic application, this treatment may be potentially useful in the clinic.
Mythographical and Literary Notes on the Catalogs of Argive and Theban Allies in Statius’ Thebaid
Authors: Smith R. Scott
Published: July 2016

This article argues, in a series of discrete but interconnected notes, that Statius engages consistently and consciously with mythographical works—prose collections and exegesis on myth as myth—in the creation of his two major catalogs in theThebaid, the catalog of Argive allies at 4.1-344 and that of Theban allies at 7.243-373. Both are patently based on Homer’s ‘Catalog of Ships’, but Statius reshapes his model by engaging ingeniously with mythographical and geographical works in prose to invent a unique pre-Iliadiclandscape. This paper also explores some of the literary ways in which Statius reinvents Homer’s catalog, including offering his readers mythological puzzles that require knowledge both of Homer’s text and subsequent scholarship thereon.
A new species of Talaromyces (Trichocomaceae) from the Xisha Islands, Hainan, China
Authors: WANG XIN-CUN , CHEN KAI , XIA YE-WEI , WANG LONG , LI TAI-HUI , ZHUANG WEN-YING
Published: July 2016

A novel Talaromyces species was isolated from a soil sample of the Xisha Islands, Hainan, China. The culture characterization on four standardized media, microscopic observations and phylogenetic analyses based ITS, BenA and CaM regions indicate that it is new to science and named as Talaromyces xishaensis sp. nov. The new species belongs to section Talaromyces, and is related to T. cnidii, T. flavovirens and T. siamensis in the phylogeny inferred from BenA and CaM genes. It is distinguished from the latter three species by colony morphology, more metulae per verticil, subglobose to ellipsoidal conidia, and slow growth rate on CYA at 37 °C.
Two new species of Merostachys (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from the Brazilian Atlantic forest
Authors: PARMA DANIELE F. , PIANISSOLA EVANDRO M. , VINÍCIUS-SILVA RONALDO , CLARK LYNN G. , SANTOS-GONÇALVES ANA PAULA
Published: July 2016

Two new species, Merostachys ramosa and M. ximenae, from the Brazilian Atlantic forest are here described and illustrated. The species are apparently endemic to Minas Gerais state, with M. ramosa being restricted to the Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro. The conservation status of each species is examined. A key to all taxa of Merostachys present in eastern Minas Gerais and comments about the species are provided.
Type specimens of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg
Authors: DANILOV YURIY N.
Published: July 2016

The article contains a review of the type specimens of Sphecidae described by E. Eversmann, F. F. Morawitz, F. F. Kohl, V. V. Gussakovskij, V. L. Kazenas, A. S. Menke and Yu. Danilov, and deposited at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Altogether 157 type specimens of 56 taxa were examined. Type specimens of Podalonia kozlovii (Kohl, 1906), whose depository was previously unknown, have been located.
Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej interdyscyplinarnej konferencji naukowej pt. Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku
Authors: Maslowska Ewa Jadwiga
Published: July 2016

Report on the international conference The World through the Eyes of the Soul – The Soul in the Eyes of the World. Anthropological and linguistic images of the soul in an intercultural perspective, Warsaw, 15-17 October 2015The international interdisciplinary conference The World through the Eyes of the Soul – The Soul in the Eyes of the World. Anthropological and linguistic images of the soul in an intercultural perspective took place in Warsaw on 15–17 October 2015. The event was initiated by the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and organised in collaboration with the Institute of Oriental Studies, University of Warsaw, and the Slavic Foundation. The main idea of the event was to create a forum for discussion among specialists in various disciplines: anthropology, ethnography, philosophy, history of art, linguistics, cultural studies, literary studies, psychology, religious studies, theology, and sociology. Owing to its broad multi-cultural scope, the debate on the conceptualization of the soul across languages and cultures allowed for a variety of perspectives on the different experiences and conceptualizations of the non-material. Presented during the meeting were presented 81 papers (15 of them by young researches), by representatives of 16 foreign and 17 Polish research centres. Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej interdyscyplinarnej konferencji naukowej pt. Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku Międzynarodowa interdyscyplinarna konferencja naukowa Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku, została zorganizowana z inicjatywy Instytutu Slawistyki PAN przy współudziale Instytutu Orientalistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego przez Fundację Slawistyczną. Celem konferencji było ukazanie sposobu konceptualizacji i statusu duszy w różnych językach i kulturach oraz różnych perspektywach badawczych. Dyskutowali specjaliści z różnych dyscyplin naukowych: antropolodzy, etnografowie, religioznawcy, filozofowie, historycy, teologowie, socjologowie. Podczas spotkania przedstawiono 81 referatów (w tym 15 autorstwa młodych badaczy) z 16 zagranicznych i 17 polskich ośrodków naukowych.
Air–Sea Interactions in Light of New Understanding of Air–Land Interactions
Authors: Sun Jielun , French Jeffrey R.
Published: July 2016

Air–sea interactions are investigated using the data from the Coupled Boundary Layers Air–Sea Transfer experiment under low wind (CBLAST-Low) and the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE) over sea and compared with measurements from the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99) over land. Based on the concept of the hockey-stick transition (HOST) hypothesis, which emphasizes contributions of large coherent eddies in atmospheric turbulent mixing that are not fully captured by Monin–Obukhov similarity theory, relationships between the atmospheric momentum transfer and the sea surface roughness, and the role of the sea surface temperature (SST) and oceanic waves in the turbulent transfer of atmospheric momentum, heat, and moisture, and variations of drag coefficient Cd(z) over sea and land with wind speed V are studied.

In general, the atmospheric turbulence transfers over sea and land are similar except under weak winds and near the sea surface when wave-induced winds and oceanic currents are relevant to wind shear in generating atmospheric turbulence. The transition of the atmospheric momentum transfer between the stable and the near-neutral regimes is different over land and sea owing to the different strength and formation of atmospheric stable stratification. The relationship between the air–sea temperature difference and the turbulent heat transfer over sea is dominated by large air temperature variations compared to the slowly varying SST. Physically, Cd(z) consists of the surface skin drag and the turbulence drag between z and the surface; the increase of the latter with decreasing V leads to the minimum Cd(z), which is observed, but not limited to, over sea.
Thoughts on the Present and Future of Psychoanalytic Education
Authors: Kernberg Otto F. , Michels Robert
Published: July 2016

This paper originated in a series of dialogues between the authors over a period of approximately one year, focused on present problems (and possible solutions) in psychoanalytic education, internationally but particularly in the U.S. Both authors have been involved in psychoanalytic education and governance over many years and share a concern with where psychoanalysis presently stands and where it is going. They share the experience of being part of what today is a significant minority of psychoanalysts involved in academic pursuits, thus being situated at the boundary between psychoanalysis and university-based psychiatry as professions. Having been involved in the leadership of both psychoanalytic and psychiatric organizations, they share an interest in organizational theory, an additional joint interest influencing their approach to institutional aspects of psychoanalysis. Despite these commonalities, however, they have been identified as having differently shaded positions and views within psychoanalytic politics: Robert Michels, as relatively conservative regarding controversial issues in psychoanalytic institutional functioning and governance, and Otto Kernberg as inclined toward rapid change regarding these issues (Auchincloss and Michels 2003; Kernberg 2014). This difference determined a dynamic of particular interest in their dialogue: the extent to which mutual respect yet differing viewpoints might issue in an analysis and joint recommendations that might be of interest to the field. In what follows, their achievement in that direction is spelled out in some detail.
Effectiveness of a freely available computerised cognitive behavioural therapy programme (MoodGYM) for depression: Meta-analysis
Authors: Twomey Conal , O’Reilly Gary
Published: July 2016

Objective:

To investigate the effectiveness of a freely available computerised cognitive behavioural therapy programme (MoodGYM) for depression (primary outcome), anxiety and general psychological distress in adults.

Method:

We searched PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Social Science Citation Index and references from identified papers. To assess MoodGYM’s effectiveness, we conducted random effects meta-analysis of identified randomised controlled trials.

Results:

Comparisons from 11 studies demonstrated MoodGYM’s effectiveness for depression symptoms at post-intervention, with a small effect size ( g = 0.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.17–0.56; I2 = 78%). Removing the lowest quality studies ( k = 3) had minimal impact; however, adjusting for publication bias reduced the effect size to a non-significant level ( g = 0.17, 95% confidence interval: −0.01 to 0.38). Comparisons from six studies demonstrated MoodGYM’s effectiveness for anxiety symptoms at post-intervention, with a medium effect size ( g = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.20–0.94; I2 = 85%). Although comparisons from six studies did not yield significance for MoodGYM’s effectiveness for general psychological distress symptoms, the small effect size approached significance ( g = 0.34, 95% confidence interval: −0.04 to 0.68; I2 = 79%). Both the type of setting (clinical vs non-clinical) and MoodGYM-developer authorship in randomised controlled trials had no meaningful influence on results; however, the results were confounded by the type of control deployed, level of clinician guidance, international region of trial and adherence to MoodGYM.

Conclusions:

The confounding influence of several variables, and presence of publication bias, means that the results of this meta-analysis should be interpreted with caution. Tentative support is provided for MoodGYM’s effectiveness for symptoms of depression and general psychological distress. The programme’s medium effect on anxiety symptoms demonstrates its utility for people with this difficulty. MoodGYM benefits from its free accessibility over the Internet, but adherence rates can be problematic and at the extreme can fall below 10%. We conclude that MoodGYM is best placed as a population-level intervention that is likely to benefit a sizeable minority of its users.
Inattentional Blindness in 9- to 10-Year-Old Intellectually Gifted Children
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Xingli , He Yunfeng , Shi Jiannong
Published: July 2016

Researchers suggest that while intellectually gifted children might not always display adequate focus on their general life, they perform very well on experimental attentional tasks. The current study used inattentional blindness (IB) paradigm to understand better the attentional abilities of intellectually gifted children. Specifically, we examined whether intellectually gifted children were more able to avoid IB while performing well on certain attentional tasks. An experiment was carried out that involved 44 intellectually gifted and 45 average children. Results showed that intellectually gifted children, whose IB rate was 18.6%, were less susceptible to IB than average children, whose IB rate was 46.5%, χ2(1) = 7.626, p = .006. Intellectually gifted children performed better on the primary attentional tasks than average children when unexpected stimuli occurred. Findings suggest that intellectually gifted children are more likely to maintain attention on current task but are more prone to process additional stimuli. Overall, the present study argues that general intelligence may affect IB.
Climate Change and Health in the Urban Context
Authors: Villalbí Joan R , Ventayol Irma
Published: July 2016

Climate change poses huge challenges for public health, and cities are at the forefront of this process. The purpose of this paper is to present the issues climate change poses for public health in the city of Barcelona, how they are being addressed, and what are the current major challenges, trying to contribute to the development of a baseline understanding of the status of adaptation in cities from a public health perspective. The major issues related to climate change faced by the city are common to other urban centers in a Mediterranean climate: heat waves, water availability and quality, air quality, and diseases transmitted by vectors, and all are reviewed in detail with empirical data. They are not a potential threat for the future, but have actually challenged the city services and infrastructure over the last years, requiring sustainable responses and rigorous planning.
Glocalization and international social work education: A comparative study of Palestine, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, Egypt, Libya, and Morocco
Authors: Ibrahim Qusai A
Published: July 2016

This comparative descriptive study sought to determine the impact of glocalization on international social work education. Using quantitative methods, this study reports objective findings for a randomly selected, non-probability, purposive sample of 178 faculty members who were geographically distributed among faculties and departments of social work at 22 universities in eight Arab countries. The primary research instrument used was a standardized paper and pencil questionnaire. Data analysis of the responses of the faculty members found that participants’ attitudes were equally weak on the track of glocalization and international social work education. This could be attributed to the variables of faculty members, social work students, university textbooks, quality of library services, methods of teaching, field practicum, and quality of student evaluation. In contrast, the attitudes of the faculty members averaged on the track of glocalization and international social work education, which could be attributed to the variable of social work curricula. The analysis also revealed a marked absence of sustained contact with social work professionals and scholars from other regions and societies of the world.
Novel multifunctional polyamide composites produced by incorporation of AlTi sub-microparticles
Authors: Gabr Mohamed H , Uzawa Kiyoshi
Published: July 2016

The potential of using of sub-microalumina/titanium particles as a reinforcement that can produce multifunctional polymer composites was explored. Novel multifunctional composites have been developed by incorporating sub-micro-alumina/titanium particles into polyamide6. The composites were investigated for their thermal, viscoelastic, water uptake and mechanical properties, as a function of alumina/titanium concentration. A detailed study of the morphological observation by scanning electron microscope was used to correlate the microstructures to the mechanical properties. Flexural testing shows that the flexural modulus and strength of the composite are improved by 22%, and 15%, respectively, with incorporating 10 wt% alumina/titanium. In addition, the impact strength was improved by about 19%. Furthermore, 10 wt% alumina/titanium increases the interfacial shear strength of polyamide6 by about 23%.
The evolution of prosociality and parochialism after violence
Authors: Mironova Vera , Whitt Sam
Published: July 2016

To what extent can prosocial norms (re-)emerge among rival groups following intense intergroup conflict? One school of thought posits that violence can strengthen intragroup bonding norms, entrenching parochialism and sustaining in-group biases. However, recent studies suggest that intergroup bridging norms can also improve once conflict ends. Our research offers insights into how prosocial bridging vs. parochial bonding norms evolve after violence. To measure dynamics of social norms, we employ surveys and dictator game experiments with ethnic treatments which we administered in Bosnia in 2003 and replicated in 2013 using well-balanced samples of ethnic Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs in a difference-in-difference research design. We find that prosocial bridging norms improve over time. However, we also observe persistent parochial biases in terms of how in-groups are perceived and treated relative to out-groups. Regression analysis shows that intergroup bridging norms are more salient among individuals who reside in ethnically intermixed, institutionally integrated regions of Bosnia, including those who experienced traumatic forms of wartime victimization. Covariate matching on internal displacement and victimization reduces concerns that our results are driven by selection effects. Our findings lend support to the view that integration and intergroup contact among former rivals increases prosociality while partition and social segregation encourage parochialism.
Factors associated with suicides in Wolverhampton: Relevance of local audits exploring preventability
Authors: Kar Nilamadhab
Published: July 2016

Suicide rates and associated risk factors are known to change over time. The periodic evaluation of suicides in a particular locality may identify specific issues that may help in prevention efforts. The profile of 146 consecutive cases with suicide, open and narrative verdicts between January 2004 and July 2011 in Wolverhampton was studied in order to explore associated factors. Specific information about methods, mental health issues and stressors was collected. There was considerable variation in suicides in different wards of the city, with higher occurrences in inner-city areas. Male suicides were three times more common, and they were significantly younger than in female suicides. Common methods were hanging (52.7%) and poisoning (21.9%) involving a wide range of drugs. Life events were reported in 52.1% suicides, most frequently relational problems (28.1%), followed by physical illness and bereavement. Mental-health factors were associated with 63.0% of suicides, predominantly depression (45.9%) and alcohol and drug abuse (6.8%). The majority of the suicide victims (63.0%) were not in contact with mental-health services, including: most men (68.8%), young suicides up to age 34 (78.6%), the elderly (69.2%) and Asians (70.0%). A considerable proportion of these suicides had mental-health issues, mainly depression (42.4%) and alcohol or drug abuse (6.5%). Significantly more of them (69.6% vs. 22.2%) had stressors compared with suicides known to mental-health services. The findings of the study highlighted risk factors that may help prioritising intervention initiatives. It appears that local suicide audits may complement national information on suicide in designing appropriate local suicide-prevention strategies.