bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUMHURİYET’İN İLK NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE KIRKLARELİ’NİN DEMOGRAFİK YAPISI
Authors: Şentürk Yiğit Ayşegül
Published: July 2024

Trakya olarak ifade edilen coğrafyanın –ki günümüzde Çanakkale ilinin Gelibolu ve Eceabat ve İstanbul’un Çatalca ve Silivri ilçelerini kapsayan coğrafyanın adıdır- Edirne, Kırklareli ve Tekirdağ illeri, II. Balkan savaşı sonrası Türkiye’de kalan kıymetli Avrupa topraklarıdır. Bu şehirler, 19. Yüzyılda milliyetçiliğin etkisiyle Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan ayrılan Yunanistan, Bulgaristan, Sırbistan gibi ülkelerin homojen bir nüfus oluşturmak amacıyla yaptıkları zulümler dışında, Balkan coğrafyasında emelleri olan Avusturya-Macaristan, Rusya, İngiltere gibi ülkelerin politikalarıyla da yerinden edilen milyonlarca Müslüman Türk nüfusu göç almıştır. Göç eden nüfusun bir kısmı bu illerde kaldığı gibi bir kısmı da Anadolu’da kendine yeni yer ve yurt edinmeye çalışmış, gelen göçmenlerin sayıca fazlalığı ve bu göç durumunun cumhuriyet döneminde de süreklilik arz etmesi gerek Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde gerekse Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde zor bir süreç oluşturmuş, başta Trakya olmak üzere göçmen iskân politikasıyla birçok şehrin cinsiyet, eğitim, meslek, dil açısından demografik yapısı değişmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin ilk kapsamlı nüfus sayımı olan 1927 nüfus sayımına göre Kırklareli’nin nüfus özellikleri sayılarla ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ana kaynak olarak Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu 1927 Umumi Nüfus Tahririnden ve arşiv belgelerinden faydalanılmıştır.
Zakat Maal Management and Regulation Practices: Evidence from Malaysia, Turki and Indonesia
Authors: Mukhlishin Mukhlishin , Wahab Abdul , Setiaji Bambang , Tazhdinov Magomed
Published: July 2024

This research investigates the management and regulatory practices of zakat maal (wealth tax) in Malaysia, Turkey, and Indonesia, aiming to provide a comparative analysis grounded in empirical data. Methodologically, the study employs a comparative qualitative analysis based on secondary data from academic literature, government reports, and institutional publications. The results show, first, Malaysia employs a centralized and technologically integrated approach, ensuring transparency and efficiency in zakat collection and distribution. In contrast, Turkey adopts a decentralized model driven by non-governmental organizations and community participation, fostering flexibility but posing challenges in standardization and oversight. Indonesia's hybrid model combines governmental oversight with private sector involvement, aiming to balance regulatory control with local adaptability, yet needs help in coordination and public trust. Second, the policy enhancements such as improved coordination mechanisms, strengthened regulatory frameworks, and enhanced public awareness to optimize Zakat's role in poverty alleviation and social welfare across Malaysia, Turkey, and Indonesia. This research contributes to the broader discourse on Islamic finance and social policy by providing nuanced insights into zakat management practices, offering valuable implications for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars interested in enhancing zakat efficacy globally.
Medicalizando o machismo: reflexões sobre o cuidado com as Mulheres Xukuru do Ororubá
Authors: Dias Mônica , Calafate Jaqueline Medeiros Silva , Leda Paulo Henrique Oliveira , Xukuru Isabel Cristina Alves Xavier Araujo , Pankará Verônica Cristiane Lopes de Aquino , Xukuru Edna Valéria Lima Maciel
Published: July 2024

O artigo buscou lançar luz sobre as condições de saúde das mulheres indígenas Xukuru do Ororubá (Pernambuco), com um foco especial na relação entre seu adoecimento e as condições sociais moldadas pelo machismo estrutural em suas comunidades. Por meio de escuta e diálogos com profissionais de saúde e análises das suas vivências e experiências, investigamos o modo como as relações de gênero, produto de um patriarcado de alto intensidade, tem afetado a saúde mental dessas mulheres indígenas. Para tanto, é necessário discutir os sentidos e significados atribuídos aquilo que denominamos de machismo estrutural das sociedades envolventes historicamente patriarcais. Chamou a atenção a forma como se organizam as relações de poder entre homens e mulheres tem provocado adoecimentos e desordens psíquicas, desempenhando um papel crucial nos desafios de saúde enfrentados pelas equipes. As histórias compartilhadas pelas mulheres indígenas Xukuru do Ororubá denunciam ainda, a forma como elas vem passando pelo ciclo de medicalização da violência sofrida, por meio de um aumento expressivo do uso indiscriminado de psicotrópicos. O fio condutor deste debate foi o questionamento das profissionais da saúde em relação ao uso excessivo de medicações psicotrópicas e sua possível ligação com as relações de dominação masculina e violências vividas e silenciadas por essas mulheres, buscando dessa maneira, compreender como é produzido o adoecimento mental nas mulheres Xukuru do Ororubá e identificando como elemento principal a conversão de uma cultura patriarcal numa sociedade vulnerabilizada e estigmatizada, na qual as mulheres tornam-se as vítimas mais afetadas por essa cultura colonial, dominante e hegemônica onde predomina o poder masculino.
Preparing Me: Support the Mental Health and Well-Being of Chinese Healthcare Workers During Emergencies
Authors: Wang Ling
Published: July 2024

One-third of healthcare workers (HCWs) are at a high risk of mental health problems and may develop a lack of resilience, because of working in a variety of stressful situations. For a long, the use of Psychological First Aid (PFA) has been recognized as a promising innovation in the realm of a prevention strategy, helping them to support patients with acute stress and improve self-efficacy. Concerns about the effect of PFA and limited understanding of PFA use by healthcare workers challenge proactive uptake in the health system. Establishing the feasibility of the PFA training through adapting to the local culture, tailoring it to the frontline healthcare context, and evaluating systematically may be helpful to inform a large trial, or ensure effective and sustained training delivery. This study is of significance to present the feasibility and acceptability of a well-adapted PFA training intervention (Preparing Me) to address the implementation gap in this mental health promotion approach.
The Importance of Data Storytelling
Authors: Starzyk ​ Erin
Published: July 2024

Dr. Erin Starzyk currently works at John Snow International after having served as Director of Health Services Research and Evaluation of HealthHIV. She has worked in the field of HIV, STIs, and Viral Hepatitis for over fifteen years in various capacities from non-profit organizations to state health departments to academic research institutions. She is a mixed methodologist implementing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies in order to comprehensively explore, understand, and disrupt STI, HIV and viral hepatitis epidemics through a health equity lens. She has developed and administered evaluation plans for HIV, STIs and viral hepatitis at local, state, and federal levels to synthesize and triangulate the multi-level data sources to understand the totality, scope, and the breadth of the issue. Dr. Starzyk received her doctorate of Public Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago and her masters of Public Health from Boston University. Her specialties include quantitative research (SAS, Epi-Info) and qualitative (AtlasTi) research methods and analyses, multi-level community interventions, study design expertise, IRB experience, database design, and published scientific author.Dr. Erin Starzyk currently works at John Snow International after having served as Director of Health Services Research and Evaluation of HealthHIV. She has worked in the field of HIV, STIs, and Viral Hepatitis for over fifteen years in various capacities from non-profit organizations to state health departments to academic research institutions. She is a mixed methodologist implementing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies in order to comprehensively explore, understand, and disrupt STI, HIV and viral hepatitis epidemics through a health equity lens. She has developed and administered evaluation plans for HIV, STIs and viral hepatitis at local, state, and federal levels to synthesize and triangulate the multi-level data sources to understand the totality, scope, and the breadth of the issue. Dr. Starzyk received her doctorate of Public Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago and her masters of Public Health from Boston University. Her specialties include quantitative research (SAS, Epi-Info) and qualitative (AtlasTi) research methods and analyses, multi-level community interventions, study design expertise, IRB experience, database design, and published scientific author.
The Intersections of Health, Justice, and Equity in the Work of Research
Authors: Pierre Randevyn
Published: July 2024

Randevyn Pierre is a business organizer, process innovator, and health messaging strategist. Raised in the Rocky Mountains, Randevyn earned a Bachelor’s degree in Business Management and a Master’s degree in Business Administration from Colorado Technical University. His diverse professional background includes experiences in the business of infectious disease prevention and treatment, program development, health promotion, health education, health marketing, project management, and community engagement in communities of color.
Effectiveness of Tele-rehabilitation of Upper Extremity Injuries
Authors: Lienou Thierry
Published: July 2024

This mini-review aimed to compare the outcomes of telerehabilitation and traditional rehabilitation while treating adults with upper-extremity orthopedic injuries. The literature search engines used to identify relevant studies included Medline, PubMed, Rehab data, Seeker, CINAHL, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Science Direct. We critically appraised the selected articles using a quantitative review guideline. Video conferencing, digital systems, virtual exercise rehabilitation assistants, video/photo interface, over-the-phone supervision, virtual reality, and mobile applications were the telerehabilitation platforms used in the selected studies. These platforms were compared to traditional outpatient therapy, home exercise programs, face-to-face therapy, clinical models and evaluation, and goniometric measurements. Of the 10 studies that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 demonstrated that telerehabilitation is either equivalent or superior to traditional rehabilitation. Two of the remaining 4 studies compared levels of agreement for the objective measures of telerehabilitation and traditional rehabilitation. The last 2 studies did not compare the outcomes of both methods because of the study design and absence of control groups. This review provides preliminary information to guide occupational therapists when using telerehabilitation to treat individuals in remote areas or those who cannot travel to their therapy appointments.
Review of Neurosurgery in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Historical Approach of a Local Context
Authors: Tshimbombu Tshibambe N , Kalala Okito Jean-Pierre , Kalubye Antoine Beltchika , Hoffman Caitlin , Kanter John H , Rosseau Gail , Nteranya Daniel Safari , Nyalundja Arsene Daniel
Published: July 2024

Neurosurgical practice in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is challenged by limited resources and infrastructure. The DRC has 16 local residing neurosurgeons for 95 million inhabitants, a ratio of 1 neurosurgeon per 5.9 million Congolese citizens. This is attributable to decades of mismanagement of resources and a loosely regulated healthcare system. Understanding the role of neurosurgery in a historical context is necessary to appreciate and overcome current challenges in the delivery of neurosurgical care. We describe challenges surrounding the development of neurosurgical practice and training. The neurosurgery workforce deficit in the DRC remains substantial. It is essential to understand local neurosurgical history, in its present state and breadth of challenges, to inform future development of neurosurgical care and to secure equitable partnerships between local stakeholders and the international community.
Social Justice, Advocacy, and Health Equity, Community-Based Practice / Community-Based Participatory Action Research Advancing Rare Disease Rights and Policies in Latin America: A Call to Action
Authors: Katz Amiel , Wainstock Daniel
Published: July 2024

People living with a rare disease are amongst the most vulnerable groups in society. They have been historically marginalized and systematically stigmatized. It is estimated that 300 million people worldwide live with a rare disease. Despite that, many countries today, especially in Latin America, still lack consideration of rare diseases in public policies and national laws. Based on interviews with patient advocacy groups in Latin America, we aim to provide recommendations on how to improve public policies and national legislation for persons living with rare diseases in three countries: Brazil, Peru, and Colombia.
COVID-19 and Mental Health: Comparing Mental Health Between African Americans & Whites in 2019 and 2020 (During COVID-19) in the U.S.
Authors: Khudur Khulud , Hossain Mian , Saha Som
Published: July 2024

Although African Americans make up roughly 13 percent of the U.S. population, they account for one in three people who have been hospitalized with COVID-19 and 3.7 times more likely to succumb to COVID-related deaths than Whites. The CDC reports that African Americans are dying at more than twice the rate of other races. For many reasons, African Americans are at an elevated risk of COVID-19 exposure and related hospitalization and death. The COVID-19 pandemic has further unveiled the distressful reality of racial disparity in the United States. African Americans are bearing a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. In many cities like Chicago, although African Americans are only 30% of the population, they make up more than 50% of COVID-19 cases and about 70% of COVID-19 deaths. COVID-19 health and economic consequences have a detrimental effect on mental health, particularly among African Americans. According to Kaiser Health News report, compared with the rest of the population, African American adults are 20% more likely to experience mental health issues. Systemic racism exacerbates the adverse impacts of social determinants of health, causing racial health disparities in African Americans. African Americans are more susceptible to contract COVID-19 due to systemic racism that historically carved out the type of work they are obliged to perform, including deliberate neighborhood and school segregation policies which currently explain their increased workplace and environmental exposure to COVID-19 infection. As a result, a greater proportion of African Americans now suffer from the stress, anxiety and depression engendered by COVID-19.
Demographic and Clinical Factors Affecting Pediatric Survival in South Kivu, the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Tshimbombu Tshibambe N. , Fefe Mapendo N. , Shin Minkyung , Kanter John H. , Crockett Sarah C. , Richard Bahizire R. , Tamfum Jean-Jacques Muyembe
Published: July 2024

Promoting children’s health is challenging in underresourced regions, with worse outcomes in areas of sociopolitical instabilities. This encapsulates the difficulties faced by the Panzi General Referral Hospital (PGRH) in South Kivu, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study of 456 children # 18 years who presented to the pediatric emergency department of PGRH between December 2018 and May 2019, we present demographic and clinical predictors that affect pediatric survival. We note that referrals from external clinics (odds ratio [OR], 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.75), poor maternal education (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.07–0.67), diagnoses of meningitis (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.75) or malnutrition (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.07–0.67) are risk factors hindering pediatric survival. Paternal unemployment or longer durations of hospital stay, on the other hand, are protective toward survival. These predictors confirm the importance of accessibility and availability of medical resources and knowledge as levers to establish an effective, robust network of pediatric care delivery capable of withstanding South Kivu’s unresolved political tumult.
Silencing the Rainbow: Prevalence of LGBTQ+ Students Who Do Not Report Sexual Violence
Authors: Tillewein Heather , Powers Presley , Rijo Sánchez Amaury J. , Sandles-Palmer Sasha , Desjarlais Kristen , Shokeen Namrata
Published: July 2024

There is a higher likelihood of students from LGBTQIA+ individuals experiencing sexual violence and not reporting it. This study investigates various types of sexual violence experienced by the LGBTQ+ students and the prevalence of reporting it. Also, the study looks at why LGBTQIA+ individuals do not report different types of sexual violence. Using the data from the LGBTQ+ scholarship survey data that was conducted in 2019, a Pearson’s chi square analysis was completed. The results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between those who experienced various kinds of sexual violence and those who do not report it. The study illustrates mistrust in support services and fear of embarrassment as the major reasons resulting in non-reporting behaviors. The study results have implications for health professionals and institutions to focus efforts in making school environments safe and inclusive for LGBTQ+ students.
CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROFILES IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS
Authors: REHMAN AU , KHAN K , ULHAQ I , NOOR S , ALI A , ULLAH U , RAHEEM MF , HAQ A
Published: July 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a prevalent condition known to affect various hematological and biochemical parameters. Understanding its prevalence and associated blood parameter alterations can provide valuable insights into its clinical implications. Objective: To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in District Peshawar KP and its association with complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters to establish a clear relationship between H. pylori infection and these variables. Methods: A longitudinal investigation involved 300 individuals from District Peshawar KP. Blood samples were collected from positive and negative participants for H. pylori infection. These samples were analyzed for various hematological and biochemical parameters, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count (PLT), vitamin D levels, urea, and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT/ALT) levels. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant associations. Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 57.7% (n=173), with 42.3% (n=122) testing negative. Gender distribution showed 39.7% males (n=119) and 60.3% females (n=181). Age distribution included 17.3% (n=52) aged 2-20 years, 48.5% (n=146) aged 21-40 years, 28.3% (n=85) aged 41-60 years, 5% (n=15) aged 61-80 years, and 0.7% (n=2) over 80 years. Hematological parameters were as follows: RBC count 4 ± 3.1 × 10^6/µL, Hb concentration 13.4 ± 1.64 g/dL, MCV 81 ± 7.8 fL, MCH 27 ± 3.8 pg, MCHC 33.9 ± 24.9 g/dL, WBC count 10 ± 12 × 10^3/µL, and PLT count 30 ± 83 × 10^3/µL. Significant relationships (p < 0.05) were observed between H. pylori infection and alterations in these blood parameters. Vitamin D levels averaged 39 ± 21, and ALT levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive cases (32.7 ± 14). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant prevalence of H. pylori infection in District Peshawar KP and its association with various hematological and biochemical parameters. The findings suggest that H. pylori infection may have notable effects on blood parameters, highlighting the need for further research to understand the clinical implications and to guide future studies in this area.
The Effect of Systemic Proteolytic Enzymes on Postoperative Inflammatory Response and Quality of Life after Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar
Authors: Albayati Dunya Abdulmunem , Bede Salwan Yousif
Published: July 2024

Background: The surgical extraction of impacted third molar usually results in postoperative inflammation manifested as pain, facial swelling and trismus which may cause deterioration in the patient’s quality of life. Methods: This randomized controlled study included 56 patients indicated for surgical extraction of IMTM under local anesthesia. These patients were randomly assigned into two groups: a study group that included patients who received Tibrolin® postoperatively and a control group that did not. The predictor variable was whether to use SET or not. Pain measured by the pain numerical rating scale (NRS), facial swelling, and the degree of trismus were the outcome variables. The Arabic version of the Oral Health Impact Profile 5 (OHIP5-Ar) questionnaire was used to measure quality of life (QoL) on the day of surgery (day 1) and on days 3, 7, and 13. Results: The study group demonstrated significantly lower pain scores postoperatively on day 1 and a lesser degree of facial swelling on day 3 compared to the control group, while no significant differences were observed regarding the other time intervals. There were no significant differences in the degree of trismus or QoL between the two groups. Conclusions: Tibrolin® administration following the surgical extraction of IMTM might reduce post-operative complaints in patients with surgical extraction of IMTM.
A Robust MCDM Framework for Cloud Service Selection Using Spherical Fermatean Neutrosophic Bonferroni Mean
Authors: M. M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Sri GVG Visalakshi College for Women-642128, India,   Department of Mathematics, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology,-641008, India,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, Casablanca, India,   Department of Mathematics, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology-642003, India, Karpagadevi M. , Broumi Said , Gomathi S.
Published: July 2024

This study presents an innovative approach to cloud service provider selection using the spherical Fermatean neutrosophic Bonferroni mean. As organizations increasingly rely on cloud services, selecting the optimal provider becomes critical, necessitating robust multi criteria decision making methods. Traditional approaches often fall short in capturing the diverse perspectives of decision-makers, leading to suboptimal choices. The spherical Fermatean neutrosophic Bonferroni mean addresses this gap by integrating a spherical representation that encompasses membership, non-membership and indeterminacy functions, enhanced by the Bonferroni mean. This structure effectively encapsulates the opinions of all decision makers, offering a comprehensive and balanced perspective. The study evaluates six cloud service providers based on four criteria: cost (nonbeneficiary), performance, security and scalability (beneficiary). Three decision makers with distinct priorities participate in the evaluation, ensuring a thorough assessment. The proposed spherical Fermatean neutrosophic Bonferroni mean method excels in resolving ambiguity and managing risk with greater precision than conventional FNSs, providing a more accurate and effective decision-making framework. A numerical example illustrates the practical application of spherical Fermatean neutrosophic Bonferroni mean, demonstrating its utility in selecting the optimal cloud service provider for an organization.
New algebraic structures approach towards complex interval valued Q-neutrosophic subbisemiring of bisemiring
Authors: Sharifah Sharifah ,   Department of Intelligent Computing  Analytics (ICA), Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi, Universiti Teknikal, Malaysia,   Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey,   Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602105, India, Kausar Nasreen , Palanikumar Murugan
Published: July 2024

The notion of complex interval-valued q-neutrosophic subbisemiring (CIVqNSBS) is developed and examined. Additionally, we examine the homomorphic features and significant attributes of CIVqNSBS. We suggest the CIVqNSBS level sets for bisemirings. Consider a complex neutrosophic subset of bisemiring Δ, denoted as ℵ if and only if every non-empty level set Z(∂,♭) is a subbisemiring, where ∂, ♭ ∈ D[0, 1], then Z) = Z,Z , Z) is a CIVqNSBS of Δ. Let ℵ be the strongest complex neutrosophic relation of bisemiring Δ, and let Ψ be a CIVqNSBS of bisemiring Δ, if and only if Ψ is a CIVqNSBS of Δ × Δ, then ℵ is a CIVqNSBS of bisemiring Δ. We show that homomorphic images of all CIVqNSBSs are CIVqNSBSs, and homomorphic pre-images of all CIVqNSBSs are CIVqNSBSs. There are examples given to illustrate our results.
A Rare Antepartum Intervention For Gross Hydrocephalus- Cephalocentesis
Authors: Bathula Apoorva
Published: July 2024

Fetal hydrocephalus detected antenatally presents challenges in management and prognostication, necessitating careful consideration of therapeutic intervention. We report a case of 22 year old primigravida at 35 weeks gestational age with a diagnosis of isolated gross hydrocephalus in a single live intrauterine fetus. Following thorough counselling and consent, the patient underwent fetal cephalocentesis due to maternal contraindications for cesarean section. Under ultrasound guidance and local anesthesia, cerebrospinal fluid was drained. The procedure was well tolerated by both mother and fetus without immediate complications .Post procedure monitoring revealed a reduction in fetal biparietal diameter and alleviation of ventricular distension. This case, underscores the feasibility and potential benefits of fetal cephalocentesis in selected cases of antenatal hydrocephalus, despite the associated neurodevelopment risks and postnatal complications that warrant ongoing monitoring and multidisciplinary care.
It also highlights the successful management of isolated gross fetal hydrocephalus through prenatal intervention, emphasizing the multidisciplinary care for maternal and child health care.
Chiari network with interatrial septum defect and aneurysm
Authors: Sahin Mehmet , Kuralay Erkan
Published: July 2024

Chiari network is a embryogenic remmant of sinus venosus. This network tissue regresses during later growth leaving remnants in the right atrium. Chiari network does not regress completely and remnants remain in the right atrium in 2% of population. Remnants of Chiari-network are frequently confused with thrombus and vegetation on echocardiographic examinations. Chiari network is usually associated with interatrial septal defect and interatrial septal aneurysm. Chiari network can cause tricuspid valve regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, paradoxical embolism and bacterial embolism. We have performed surgery for Chiari network which was caused transient emboli and transient atrial fibrilllation.
Evaluation of the clinical outcomes of the teflon felt sandwich technique in the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection accompanied by severe aortic valve insufficiency; No touch to the valve
Authors: Celkan Mehmet , Altinbas Ozgur , Hafiz Erhan , Asam Mehmet , Sener Ugur , Kutlu Isik
Published: July 2024

Aim: Acute type A aortic dissection is a life-threatening clinical situation with high mortality rates. Aortic valve insufficiency frequently accompanied to this disease. Despite the developments in the medical area, surgical intervention has difficulties especially in sinus of valsalva involvement. Aim of this study is evaluating the postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with type A aortic dissection operated without valve replacement and by using Teflon felt sandwich technique.
Material and Methods: Between January 2016 and January 2021, 126 patients with acute type A aortic dissection accompanied by severe aortic valve insufficiency operated by using Teflon felt sandwich technique without aortic valve repair or replacement were included to this study. Postoperative clinical outcomes evaluated and the degree of the aortic valve insufficiency was compared before and after operation.
Results: All the patients included to the study had severe aortic insufficiency before operation and dissected segment of the patients were limited to the ascendant aorta with sinus of valsalva involvement. Postoperative mortality rate was 6.3% (n=8). According to the results of the transthoracic echocardiography findings performed postoperative second day and first month, six of the patients had asymptomatic mild aortic regurgitation while no patients had severe or moderate aortic regurgitation.
Conclusion: Acute type A aortic dissection and accompanied severe aortic valve insufficiency can be treated by using Teflon felt sandwich technique with low duration of operation and satisfactory improvement of the aortic valve functions. Cost effectiveness in the terms of not to use a valve for replacement and anticoagulant drugs after the operation are the additional advantages.
Assessment of morpho-physiological and biochemical profiles of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in different climatic regions of Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Morteza , Sarfaraz Somayeh
Published: July 2024

Cultivating stevia is imperative because it is a natural sweetener, providing a healthier and low-calorie substitute for sugar. A comprehensive study was undertaken in 2021-2022, employing a randomized complete block design with three replicates, to evaluate the growth, yield, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of stevia across diverse Iranian climates (Arak, Rasht, Gorgan, Hamedan, Isfahan, Kermanshah, Shiraz, Tabriz, Tehran, and Urmia). The findings unveiled notable variations in growth, yield, physiological, biochemical traits, and steviol glycoside content among different cultivation sites. Notably, Shiraz, Isfahan, Tehran, and Arak exhibited the highest leaf yield, recording values of 119.89, 91.25, 97.07, and 86.24 g m-2, respectively. Conversely, Rasht and Gorgan showcased the lowest growth and yield parameters. Of particular interest, Shiraz samples displayed the highest photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll) and the lowest proline levels. Rasht samples demonstrated the highest average content of rebaudioside-A, stevioside, and total steviol glycosides (3.01%, 8.66%, and 11.67%, respectively). Furthermore, Shiraz samples yielded the most steviol glycosides at 122.6 mg m-2. Correlation analysis between climatic data and yield, along with biochemical traits, indicated positive associations of average temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity with leaf yield and steviol glycoside content. In contrast, altitude exhibited a negative correlation with steviol glycoside content. In conclusion, Shiraz is recommended for stevia cultivation for optimal growth and leaf yield, while Rasht and Gorgan are preferable for steviol glycoside production.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Cattle Slaughtered at the Sokoto Main Abattoir, Nigeria
Authors: Shehu Zaid , Olufemi Faleke , Rambo Usman , Junaidu Abdulkadir , Muhammad Aminu
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to detect C. burnetii antibodies and active C. burnetii infection in cattle slaughtered at the Sokoto main abattoir. 184 serum samples (121 from males and 63 from females) were systematically obtained and analyzed using a C. burnetii indirect ELISA kit obtained from ID.vet Innovative Diagnostics Grabels, France. The test was carried out according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The microplates were read at 450 nm using a plate reader. Seropositive samples were further analyzed for the molecular identification of the organism, involving DNA extraction, DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis. The study found an overall seroprevalence of 5.4% for C. burnetii antibodies. A statistically significant association was observed between C. burnetii seropositivity and the presence of ectoparasites (P=0.001). However, no statistically significant associations were found between seropositivity and sex (p=0.094), age (p=0.213), or breed (p=0.934). Additionally, no detectable band was obtained on the gel image after repeated PCR cycles, indicating that active C. burnetii infection was not detected in the study. The findings from the study indicated the presence of circulating antibodies against C. burnetii among cattle presented for slaughter in the study area, though no active infection was detected. It is recommended that ectoparasites, especially ticks, should be studied to understand their role in the epidemiology of C. burnetii in the area. Further studies are also needed to determine the prevalence of the disease in other parts of the state, sedentary herds, and among other species of ruminants.
Analysing the Overlap Between Arbitration and Human Rights
Authors: Cochrane Meg
Published: July 2024

In the light of the inception of the human rights litigation revolution in the 1980s and its erosion of the traditionally preeminent perspective that arbitration and human rights constitute distinct, mutually exclusive dimensions of legal discourse, the purpose of this essay is to analyse, firstly, whether there is an overlap between arbitration and human rights and, secondly, the extent to which such exists. This essay contends that rather than employ the term ‘overlap’, arbitration in its modern form is, and has, in fact, shown itself, capable of reinforcing human rights. This contention is examined in relation to the historic scepticism concerning the potential of the arbitration system to undermine human rights protections (Part I), the perceived bias of the arbitration system towards the interests of commercial parties over those of the public (Part II), the general lack of access to effective remedies for victims of business-related human rights violations (Part III), the incorporation of third party beneficiary rights into commercial contracts to ensure compliance with human rights norms (Part IV), and the ease of enforcement regarding arbitral awards as opposed to court judgments (Part V). Nevertheless, despite the substantial progress that has been made thus far, this essay concludes that further progress is still needed.
Emergency Arbitration in Asia: Threshold for Grant and Enforcement of Emergency Relief
Authors: Sajnani Suraj
Published: July 2024

This article explores the origins of urgent relief in legal proceedings and how this laid the groundwork for the advent of modern emergency arbitration. It then conducts a review of the different thresholds for grant adopted by arbitration institutions in the Asia Pacific region, commenting on the value of codification of a test for grant and on key elements common to the different thresholds adopted. It also then discusses the legislative framework for enforcement adopted by jurisdictions within the Asia Pacific region, and relevant emergency arbitration enforcement case law to date.
International Arbitration and Cross-cultural Issues
Authors: Howard Dr. Mary
Published: July 2024

This paper highlights and explores the impact of denial and lack of awareness of the issues related to social cultural differences in the context of international arbitration. Mary Howard is Persian-British, resident in Britain since 1977, extensive work with mixed cultural communities and teaching. PGC in Oil and Gas Law, LLM, PhD, FCIArb, past Executive Secretary of CIArb South branch, Legal consultant, Company Director, www.englegal.co.uk. This academic research “Impacts of cultural Differences on international arbitration, based on the example of Iran” was carried out at Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, 2013-2018. This primary research revealing that there are two groups of non-believers about the impacts of cultural issues in the context of international arbitration. Additionally, a brief history and analysis of the formation of international arbitration and its relations to the current social cultural issues. Research shows that some arbitrators deny Cultural Difference Issues (CDI) or act as if public or private international law in the cases exist in a vacuum. There is evidence of cases where arbitrators ignore that CDI have significant impacts in the outcome of international arbitration. Furthermore, some international arbitrators believe that the only cultural differences are differences between the legal systems and technical understanding, denying the existence of CDI in the context of international arbitration; and yet, evidence shows culture affects a person’s world view, understanding of law, business norms, emotions and expectations. Keywords: Arbitration, arbitrators, international, culture, cultural differences social.
Confronting the Incredible: Revisiting the Applicability of the Rule in Browne v. Dunn in International Arbitration
Authors: Luttrell Sam , Harris Peter
Published: July 2024

Taking its name from an old English case, the rule in Browne v Dunn refers to the principle that if a party wishes to have the evidence of the other party’s witness disregarded or discredited, it must challenge the relevant witness on their evidence in cross examination. The applicability of this rule in international arbitration is controversial, not least because of the tension between, on the one hand, requiring a party to exhaustively cross examine a witness on every contested point of their evidence and, on the other hand, the requirements for procedural economy. International arbitration must also allow for different legal traditions, many of which do not have a similar to practice to those that follow the rule in Browne v. Dunn. This controversy reached a new height in 2019 when, in P v. D, the English High Court refused to enforce an arbitral award, in essence, because there had been a failure to cross examine the witness on a factual point which was pivotal to the tribunal’s deliberation (and therefore, in the Court’s mind, a breach of the rules of natural justice, based on the rule in Browne v. Dunn). This article reviews the applicability of the rule in Browne v. Dunn to international arbitration and makes suggestions for wording that may be included within procedural orders to create clarity and reduce the risk of challenges to the enforceability of an arbitral award.
Abuse of Document Production in International Arbitration: Remedies When the Adverse Inference Falls Short
Authors: Lal Hamish , Kaiding Josephine , Defranchi Léa , Casey Brendan
Published: July 2024

Contemporaneous evidence isolated in contemporaneous documents such as letters, emails, notes, messages, and minutes of meetings is vital in international arbitration. The Document Production phase seeks to fulfil that demand. The Document Production process is complex. The orthodox arbitral rules and soft law are open to abuse such that a party can participate in the Document Production process but then elect to ignore the Tribunal’s Order on Production; make only selective disclosure; and/or fail to provide documents that patently exist and correspond with other factual exhibits. The Tribunal’s power to make an adverse inference in respect of such behaviours lacks ‘teeth’ and thus raises concerns amongst lay users of international arbitration. This Article advocates a robust strategic re-think of the Tribunal’s powers when its Document Production Orders are blithely ignored. The authors suggest that institutional rules ought to be amended such that ignorance is visited by costs orders and strike out of claims and defences. Further, the 2010 IBA Rules on the Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration ought to be now revised to supplement the adverse inference proposition in Article 9(5) with discretion to strike out relevant claims and defences.
Valuation of ‘Non-operational Projects’ in Investment Arbitration: Criteria from the Tethyan Copper Award and from Recent ICSID Case Law
Authors: Baena Felisa
Published: July 2024

The quantification of future losses in cases of unlawful expropriations of non-operational projects has always been problematic. In the recent case of Tethyan Copper almost six billion dollars were awarded for the lost profits of a mining project that had no record of profitability. The fact that a significant amount of damages was awarded in this case for a project with no past production made this award highly controversial from the perspective of certainty in the quantification of damages. But this is not the only case: several other recent ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)).tribunals have had to deal with this complex issue. When analysing this line of cases, two crucial questions emerge: what is the applicable standard of certainty regarding the quantification of future lost profits of projects with no record of production? Is a forward-looking valuation method sufficiently certain for these situations? This article will address those questions and will identify the main relevant criteria, developed in recent ICSID awards, regarding the applicability of ‘forward-looking’ methodologies, and particularly, of the DCF method, for the valuation non-operational projects.
FIDIC 2017 Edition of Contracts-The Repercussions of Defining the Words Claim & Dispute on the Claims and Dispute Referral Procedures
Authors: Lumbwe Bwalya
Published: July 2024

The International Federation of Consulting Engineers introduced the second edition of their Rainbow Suite of Contracts in December 2017 with the aim of achieving clarity, certainty and reducing disputes. The Conditions of Contract defined for the first time the words Claim and Dispute with same aim in mind. However, did Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseils (FIDIC) think through the process carefully enough and mitigate any possible repercussions arising out of defining the words Claim & Dispute and in the light of the introduction of a new claims’ procedure. How does this affect the termination of contract? Are there any serious repercussions resulting from these definitions and the claims process and if so, what are they? This article looks at all these issues by examining the definitions in detail using legally applicable interpretation principles. The paper then postulates a conclusion as to whether FIDIC’s professed aim of achieving clarity, certainty and reducing disputes is an achievable goal given the changes.
Transparency and Confidentiality in International Commercial Arbitration
Authors: Pratap Singh Raghvendra , Kumar Srishti
Published: July 2024

The debate between confidentiality and transparency in international commercial arbitration is not recent. While confidentiality had been considered one of the critical features of international commercial arbitration, lately, it has been argued that transparency is required for arbitration to succeed as an efficient and reliable method of dispute resolution. This article seeks to address if confidentiality forms the cornerstone of all commercial arbitration or the higher calls for transparency are justified and possible without adversely affecting the popularity of arbitration as the most preferred mode of alternative dispute resolution. The authors would argue that confidentiality and transparency are not necessarily adversarial, and it is possible to achieve the right balance between the interests of the arbitrating parties seeking confidentiality and the need for greater transparency. Further, the authors would attempt to examine the process of arbitration and the feasibility of making the various stages of the process more transparent.
Why the Rome I Regulation Has No Mandatory Application When Determining the Substantive Law in International Commercial Arbitration
Authors: Kern Michael
Published: July 2024

Since the entry into force of the Rome I Regulation, there is controversy as to whether it must be applied mandatorily in arbitral proceedings to the effect that it overrides specific conflict of laws rules in national arbitration laws. This article re-examines this issue and argues that Rome I is not mandatory in international arbitral proceedings. This proposition is based on a textual, historical and teleological interpretation of the Regulation as well as on a systematic analysis of EU law within the field of private international law. Against this background, it is reasonable to not apply Rome I mandatorily when determining the lex causae.
Role of women entrepreneurship in achieving sustainable developmental goals
Authors: Sunil Nanditha , K Sudha
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to assess the role of women entrepreneurs in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to identify the various challenges they are facing. Design: This research article utilizes secondary data from research, journal papers, and scholarly research articles on the research subject area. This study focused on the domains that influence Women's Entrepreneurship in Achieving Sustainable Developmental Goals. Findings: The research indicates that the entrepreneurship of women plays a crucial role in accomplishing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as it propels economic expansion, nurture creativity, and advances social integration. To reduce gender gaps in the workforce, women entrepreneurs play a critical role in achieving SDG 5 (Gender Equality). They do this by empowering other women and creating jobs. Originality Value: Women's entrepreneurship plays in accomplishing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing the interplay between gender, innovation, and sustainable development from an entirely new perspective.
Chemical analysis techniques and radioactive emission based measurements: A Review
Authors: Sadullah Yaman Q , Qasim Razan Y , Aljabar Aziz Ammar Abd , Hamid Farah Younis
Published: July 2024

Recently, rays have been widely used in the analysis of materials, including chemicals, because of their high properties in quantitative and qualitative analysis, by determining the type and quantity of the material, and among these techniques are the use of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Chromatographic Techniques, Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, so this study aimed to show the types of techniques used in chemical analysis.
Men hiệu ứng miệng núi lửa trong nghệ thuật trang trí gốm sứ
Authors: Nguyễn Thành Đông , Nguyễn Thu Trang
Published: July 2024

Men hiệu ứng miệng núi lửa là dòng men gốm có tính thẩm mỹ cao trong lĩnh vực trang trí nghệ thuật. Hiệu ứng này có được là do hợp chất SiC trong men đã phản ứng sinh khí tập trung ở đúng thời điểm men nóng chảy lỏng để phá vỡ màng men thoát ra ngoài và hình thành lên các miệng lỗ mang hiệu ứng giống như miệng núi lửa. Thành phần phối liệu, chế độ nung, độ nhớt của men khi nóng chảy lỏng, độ dày lớp men phủ, phụ gia hỗ trợ thoát khí, phụ gia tạo màu men… là những yếu tố kỹ thuật quan trọng được tập trung khảo sát. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã thiết lập được bài men với các thông số công nghệ phù hợp, tạo được sự đa dạng về hiệu ứng miệng núi lửa trên bề mặt men gốm.