bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endogenous Retroviruses Augment Amphibian (Xenopus laevis) Tadpole Antiviral Protection
Authors: Kalia Namarta , Hauser Kelsey A. , Burton Sarah , Hossainey Muhammad Riadul Haque , Zelle Mira , Horb Marko E. , Grayfer Leon
Published: May 2022

Global amphibian biodiversity is being challenged by pathogens like the Frog Virus 3 (FV3) ranavirus, underlining the need to gain a greater understanding of amphibian antiviral defenses. While it was previously believed that anuran (frog/toad) amphibian tadpoles are more susceptible to FV3, we demonstrated that tadpoles are in fact more resistant to this virus than metamorphic and postmetamorphic froglets.
The Proteobacterial Methanotroph
Methylosinus trichosporium
OB3b Remodels Membrane Lipids in Response to Phosphate Limitation
Authors: Scanlan Julie , Guillonneau Richard , Cunningham Mark R. , Najmin Sahanara , Mausz Michaela A. , Murphy Andrew , Murray Leanne L. , Zhang Limei , Kumaresan Deepak , Chen Yin
Published: May 2022

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, and its concentration has continued to increase steadily in recent decades. In the natural environment, bacteria known as methanotrophs help mitigate methane emissions at no cost to human beings.
Complex Ecotype Dynamics Evolve in Response to Fluctuating Resources
Authors: Behringer Megan G. , Ho Wei-Chin , Meraz John C. , Miller Samuel F. , Boyer Gwyneth F. , Stone Carl J. , Andersen Meredith , Lynch Michael
Published: May 2022

Despite regular feast and famine conditions representing an environmental pressure that is commonly encountered by microbial communities, the evolutionary outcomes of repeated cycles of feast and famine have been less studied. By experimentally evolving initially isogenic
Escherichia coli
populations to 10-day feast/famine cycles, we observed rapid diversification into ecotypes with evidence of bidirectional cross-feeding on costly resources and frequency-dependent fitness.
Draft Genome Sequences of 10 Pseudomonas sp. Isolates from the Active Layer of Permafrost in Ny Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway
Authors: Sipes Katie , Paul Raegan , Onstott Tullis C. , Vishnivetskaya Tatiana A. , Lloyd Karen G.
Published: May 2022

Ten distinct isolates from the genus
Pseudomonas
were isolated in culture. The genomes of these isolates were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform and assembled in order to provide insight into the metabolic and carbon-degrading potential of bacteria residing in soils at high latitudes.
Metagenomes from 25 Low-Abundance Microbes in a Partial Nitritation Anammox Microbiome
Authors: Beach Natalie K. , Myers Kevin S. , Donohue Timothy J. , Noguera Daniel R.
Published: May 2022

Microbial communities using anammox bacteria to remove nitrogen are increasingly important in wastewater treatment. We report on 25 metagenome-assembled genomes of low-abundance microbes from a partial nitritation anammox bioreactor system that have not been described previously. These data add to the body of information about this important wastewater treatment system.
An Outbreak of ST859-K19 Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Chinese Teaching Hospital
Authors: Zhu Junying , Jiang Xuemei , Zhao Lina , Li Min
Published: May 2022

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(CR-hvKP) in China has posed a great threat to public health, especially in the highly transmissible ST11 clone. With the transmission of virulence and resistance determinants, CR-hvKP isolates have been reported in an increasing number of sequence types (STs), including ST23, ST65, ST1797, ST43, ST231, ST147, ST15, ST383, ST268, ST595, ST375, ST48, and ST307.
Prolonged Lifespan, Improved Perception, and Enhanced Host Defense of Caenorhabditis elegans by Lactococcus cremoris subsp.cremoris
Authors: Komura Tomomi , Takemoto Asami , Kosaka Hideki , Suzuki Toshio , Nishikawa Yoshikazu
Published: May 2022

Aging is one of our greatest challenges. The World Health Organization proposed that “active aging” might encourage people to continue to work according to their capacities and preferences as they grow old and would prevent or delay disabilities and chronic diseases that are costly to both individuals and the society, considering that disease prevention is more economical than treatment.
Azole Resistance-Associated Regulatory Motifs within the Promoter of
cyp51A
in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Kühbacher Alexander , Peiffer Mandy , Hortschansky Peter , Merschak Petra , Bromley Michael J. , Haas Hubertus , Brakhage Axel A. , Gsaller Fabio
Published: May 2022

First-line treatment of aspergillosis typically involves the use of azole antifungals. Worryingly, their future clinical use is challenged by an alarming increase in resistance.
Evaluation of the Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antibody Test in Samples from Vaccinated Individuals
Authors: Hayer Johannes , Urlaub Eva
Published: May 2022

Serologic assays are an essential tool for seroprevalence surveys, for quality control of vaccines, and to determine the response to vaccination. Although a correlate of immunity has not yet been established for COVID-19 vaccines, antibody titers after natural infection and vaccination have been associated with protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Supplemental Material: A High-Resolution Multispectral Macro-Imager for Geology and Paleontology
Authors: Manzuk Ryan A. , al. et
Published: May 2022

This supplement is intended to show our multispectral setup in more detail and explain how we mitigate chromatic aberration. We include a figure with annotated computer-aided design renderings of our transmitted and reflected light setups, and details for our light emission spectra. The text begins with background on the problem of chromatic aberration, details our experimental setup and blur modeling calculations, and discusses our final results.  
The complete chloroplast genome of Persicaria perfoliata and comparative analysis with four medicinal plants of Polygonaceae
Authors: Huo Ziting , Xu Wenbo , Guo Huijun , Yang Peng , Zhang Qianwen , Lu Xu , Wang Long
Published: May 2022

Polygonaceae is a large family of medicinal herbs that includes many species used as traditional Chinese medicine, such as Per sicaria per foliata. Here, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of P. per foliata using Illumina sequencing technology with the purpose of providing a method to facilitate accurate identification. After being annotated, the complete chloroplast genome of P. per foliata was compared with those of Fagopyrum tataricum, Per sicaria chinensis, Fagopyrum dibotrys, and Fallopia multiflora. The complete chloroplast genome of P. per foliata is 160 730 bp in length, containing a small single-copy region of 12 927 bp, a large single-copy region of 85 433 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 62 370 bp. A total of 131 genes were annotated, including 8 rRNA genes, 34 tRNA genes, and 84 protein-coding genes. Forty-two simple sequence repeats and 55 repeat sequences were identified. Mutational hotspot analyses indicated that five genes ( matK, ndhF, ccsA, cemA, and rpl20) could be selected as candidates for molecular markers. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis showed that all the Polygonaceae species formed a monophyletic clade, and P. per foliata showed the closest relationship with P. chinense. The study provides valuable molecular information to accurately identify P. per foliata and assist in its development and application.
Wormholes and holography: an introduction
Authors: Kundu Arnab
Published: May 2022

Wormholes are intriguing classical solutions in General Relativity, that have fascinated theoretical physicists for decades. In recent years, especially in Holography, gravitational Wormhole geometries have found a new life in many theoretical ideas related to quantum aspects of gravity. These ideas primarily revolve around aspects of quantum entanglement and quantum information in (semi-classical) gravity. This is an introductory and pedagogical review of Wormholes and their recent applications in Gauge-Gravity duality and related ideas.
Actomyosin contractility requirements and reciprocal cell–tissue mechanics for cancer cell invasion through collagen-based channels
Authors: Beunk Lianne , Bakker Gert-Jan , van Ens Diede , Bugter Jeroen , Gal Floris , Svoren Martin , Friedl Peter , Wolf Katarina
Published: May 2022

The interstitial tumor microenvironment is composed of heterogeneously organized collagen-rich porous networks as well as channel-like structures and interfaces which provide both barriers and guidance for invading cells. Tumor cells invading 3D random porous collagen networks depend upon actomyosin contractility to deform and translocate the nucleus, whereas Rho/Rho-associated kinase-dependent contractility is largely dispensable for migration in stiff capillary-like confining microtracks. To investigate whether this dichotomy of actomyosin contractility dependence also applies to physiological, deformable linear collagen environments, we developed nearly barrier-free collagen-scaffold microtracks of varying cross section using two-photon laser ablation. Both very narrow and wide tracks supported single-cell migration by either outward pushing of collagen up to four times when tracks were narrow, or cell pulling on collagen walls down to 50% of the original diameter by traction forces of up to 40 nN when tracks were wide, resulting in track widths optimized to single-cell diameter. Targeting actomyosin contractility by synthetic inhibitors increased cell elongation and nuclear shape change in narrow tracks and abolished cell-mediated deformation of both wide and narrow tracks. Accordingly, migration speeds in all channel widths reduced, with migration rates of around 45-65% of the original speed persisting. Together, the data suggest that cells engage actomyosin contraction to reciprocally adjust both own morphology and linear track width to optimal size for effective cellular locomotion.

Graphic abstract
Long Live Software Easter Eggs!
Authors: Baudry Benoit , Toady Tim , Monperrus Martin
Published: May 2022

It's a period of unrest. Rebel developers, striking from continuous deployment servers, have won their first victory. During the battle, rebel spies managed to push an epic commit in the HTML code of https://pro.sony. Pursued by sinister agents, the rebels are hiding in commits, buttons, tooltips, API, HTTP headers, and configuration screens.
Challenges and Opportunities for Developing More Generalizable Polygenic Risk Scores
Authors: Wang Ying , Tsuo Kristin , Kanai Masahiro , Neale Benjamin M. , Martin Alicia R.
Published: May 2022

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) estimate an individual's genetic likelihood of complex traits and diseases by aggregating information across multiple genetic variants identified from genome-wide association studies. PRS can predict a broad spectrum of diseases and have therefore been widely used in research settings. Some work has investigated their potential applications as biomarkers in preventative medicine, but significant work is still needed to definitively establish and communicate absolute risk to patients for genetic and modifiable risk factors across demographic groups. However, the biggest limitation of PRS currently is that they show poor generalizability across diverse ancestries and cohorts. Major efforts are underway through methodological development and data generation initiatives to improve their generalizability. This review aims to comprehensively discuss current progress on the development of PRS, the factors that affect their generalizability, and promising areas for improving their accuracy, portability, and implementation.
Goodenough-Kanamori-Anderson Rules in CrI3/MoTe2/CrI3 Van der Waals Heterostructure
Authors: Wang Meng-Chien , Chang Ching-Ray
Published: May 2022

Superexchange interaction is the main mechanism for spin ordering in magnetic insulators. Goodenough-Kanamori-Anderson(GKA) rules for superexchange interactions are widely applied in magnetic materials, including magnetic oxides, perovskites and recently discovered 2D vdW magnetic systems. We review GKA rules and its application in the first part of this article. In the second part, we investigate the interlayer magnetic coupling in CrI3/MoTe2/CrI3 heterostructure using first principle calculation. The calculation result is discussed based on GKA rules.
A Novel Solid Oxide Electrochemical Oxygen Pump for Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Wang Mei , Nowicki Kamil Maciej , Irvine John Thomas Sirr
Published: May 2022

A solid oxide electrochemical oxygen pump was developed in tubular geometry with YSZ electrolyte and LSCF/CGO symmetrical air electrodes. The cells were manufactured based on green symmetrical porous YSZ electrode backbones cast on the green YSZ electrolyte tape, rolled into tubular geometry, co-sintered and impregnated with functional materials. The prepared cell had a thin 16 μm-electrolyte and supporting 76 μm-symmetric electrodes. At 700 °C, 2.8 A current (0.8 A cm−2) was obtained under 0.5 V in the single tubular cell infiltrated with 30% CGO and 45% LSCF. A four cell bundle produced theoretical 1.82 l hr−1 O2 with a power consumption of 2.18 W at 700 °C. Excellent stability of the cells was achieved during severe current and thermal cycling tests, indicating the successful fabrication of the tubular cells using the tape co-casting method.
A New Approach to Modeling Solid Oxide Cell Reactors with Multiple Stacks for Process System Simulation
Authors: Tomberg M. , Heddrich M. P. , Sedeqi F. , Ullmer D. , Ansar S. A. , Friedrich K. A.
Published: May 2022

Reactors with solid oxide cells (SOC) are highly efficient electrochemical energy converters, which can be used for electricity generation and production of chemical feedstocks. The technology is in an upscaling phase. Thereby demanding development of strategies for robust and efficient operation or large SOC reactors and plants. The present state of technology requires reactors with multiple stacks to achieve the appropriate power. This study aims to establish and apply a simulation framework to investigate process systems containing SOC reactors with multiple stacks. Focusing especially on the operating behavior of SOC reactors under transient conditions, by observing the performance of all cells in the reactor. For this purpose, a simulation model of the entire SOC reactor consisting of multiple stacks, pipes, manifolds, and thermal insulation was developed. After validation on stack and reactor level, the model was used to investigate the fundamental behavior of the SOC reactors and the individual stacks in various operation modes. Additionally, the influences of local degradation and reactor scaling on the performance were examined. The results show that detailed investigation of the reactors is necessary to ensure operability and to increase efficiency and robustness. Furthermore, the computing performance is sufficient to develop and validate system controls.
Charge Dynamics at Surface-Modified, Nanostructured Hematite Photoelectrodes for Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Vega-Poot Alberto , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel , Becerril-González Juan , Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Ingrid , Su Jinzhan , Rodríguez-Gattorno Geonel , Teoh Wey Yang , Oskam Gerko
Published: May 2022

The balance of the charge transfer and recombination kinetics of photoelectrodes governs the device efficiency for solar water splitting. Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is a photoanode typically used because of advantages such as its abundance, low cost, multiple convenient deposition methods, and an attractive bandgap energy; however, poor electrical properties prevent high solar energy to hydrogen conversion efficiencies. In this work, we evaluate and compare several strategies to address this issue, using a nanorod array morphology and incorporation of overlayers of one or more materials that favor the charge carrier transfer kinetics and reduce surface recombination. We use intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) to evaluate these systems, and demonstrate that the presence of TiO2 and MoO
x
overlayers successfully suppresses surface recombination through passivation of hematite interfacial recombination sites. However, the hole transfer process at the overlayers occurs at more positive potentials due to the location of the new surface states at the overlayer—electrolyte interface. We show that the deposition of the CoPi oxygen evolution reaction co-catalyst partially addresses this disadvantage. The best efficiencies were obtained for the CoPi-TiO2/α−Fe2O3 and CoPi-MoO
x
/TiO2/α−Fe2O3 photoelectrodes, with internal quantum efficiencies of 0.42−0.44 under 455 nm irradiation.
3D Biomimetic Hydrangea-Like BiOCl and PtNi Nanocube-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Quantitative Detection of CA19–9
Authors: An Yarui , Song Lin , Chen Xiaoyan , Ni Chenming , Mao Kuanzheng , Zhu Leijing , Gu Yingying , Miao Yuqing , Song Bin , Ma Hongyun
Published: May 2022

This work took advantage of 3D biomimetic hydrangea-like bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) and PtNi nanocubes to fabricate a facile electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of CA19–9. Herein, APTES functionalized BiOCl (APTES-BiOCl) with large specific surface areas can provide eco-friendly microenvironment for biomolecules. The PtNi nanocubes prepared by the classic hydrothermal method have good conductivity, which can facilitate electron transfer highly efficient. Meanwhile, PtNi nanocubes can immobilize the anti-CA19–9 via covalent Pt-N bonds to anchor a great number of biomolecules more firmly. In addition, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with excellent conductivity was implemented as a matrix, which greatly promoted electron transfer at the sensing interface. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed immunosensor can detect CA19–9 sensitively, from which a linear range of 0.01–150 U·ml–1 was derived accompanied with a low detection limit of 0.0034 U·ml–1. The results illustrated that the designed immunosensor exhibited excellent specificity, good reproducibility, and satisfactory stability. Moreover, it can be applied in the detection of real samples, which indicated that the immunosensor has great potential for early screening and diagnosis of diseases.
Increased gut serotonin production in response to bisphenol A structural analogs may contribute to their obesogenic effects
Authors: Barra Nicole G. , Kwon Yun Han , Morrison Katherine M. , Steinberg Gregory R. , Wade Michael G. , Khan Waliul I , Vijayan Mathilakath M. , Schertzer Jonathan D. , Holloway Alison C.
Published: May 2022

Obesogens are synthetic, environmental chemicals that can disrupt endocrine control of metabolism and contribute to the risk of obesity and metabolic disease. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most studied obesogens. There is considerable evidence that BPA exposure is associated with weight gain, increased adiposity, poor blood glucose control, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in animal models and human populations. Increased usage of structural analogs of BPA has occurred in response to legislation banning their use in some commercial products. However, BPA analogs may also cause some of the same metabolic impairments because of common mechanisms of action. One key effector that is altered by BPA and its analogs is serotonin, however, it is unknown if BPA-induced changes in peripheral serotonin pathways underlie metabolic perturbations seen with BPA exposure. Upon ingestion, BPA and its analogs act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the gastrointestinal tract to influence serotonin production by the gut, where over 95% of serotonin is produced. The purpose of this review is to evaluate how BPA and its analogs alter gut serotonin regulation and then discuss how disruption of serotonergic networks influences host metabolism. We also provide evidence that BPA and its analogs enhance serotonin production in gut enterochromaffin cells. Taken together, we propose that BPA and many BPA analogs represent endocrine-disrupting chemicals that can influence host metabolism through the endogenous production of gut-derived factors, such as serotonin.
Pantothenate protects against obesity via brown adipose tissue activation
Authors: Zhou Huiqiao , Zhang Hanlin , Ye Rongcai , Yan Chunlong , Lin Jun , Huang Yuanyuan , Jiang Xiaoxiao , Yuan Shouli , Chen Li , Jiang Rui , Zheng Kexin , Cheng Ziyu , Zhang Zhi , Dong Meng , Jin Wanzhu
Published: May 2022

PA treatment effectively and safely protected against obesity via the BAT-UCP1 axis. PA has therapeutic potential for treating obesity and type II diabetes.
Predictive Value of Galectin-3 and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity for Coronary Artery Calcification in Coronary Arteriography Patients
Authors: Tian Lei , Ding Fenghua , Zhang Ruiyan
Published: May 2022

Objectives. To study the predictive value for coronary artery calcification (CAC) of plasma galectin-3 and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) in coronary arteriography (CAG) patients. Methods. Patients who received coronary arteriography (CAG) examination were recruited. The level of plasma galectin-3 was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The arterial stiffness was analyzed by BaPWV and ankle-brachial index (ABI) which were measured using a volume-plethysmographic device. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the prognostic value of galectin-3 or BaPWV for coronary artery calcification (CAC). Results. The level of galectin-3 and BaPWV was significantly higher in CAC patients compared with that in control (

p
<
0.01

). The level of plasma galectin-3 was positively correlated with BaPWV (r = −0.296,

p
<
0.01

) and negatively correlated with ABI (r = −0.296,

p
<
0.01

). ROC curve analysis revealed that galectin-3 ≥5.90 ng/ml was the most powerful predictor for CAC with sensitivity of 85.5% and specificity of 83.5%. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.916. When the level of BaPWV was more than 1909 m/s, the sensitivity and specificity were 61.8% and 69.6%, respectively, for predicting CAC. The AUC was 0.646. Conclusions. The level of plasma galectin-3 increases significantly in CAC patients compared to control, and its level is related to BaPWV and ABI. Galectin-3 and BaPWV can be used to predict CAC, and the diagnosis value (sensitivity and specificity) of galectin-3 for CAC is better than that of BaPWV.
Julia and Mandelbrot Sets of Transcendental Function via Fibonacci-Mann Iteration
Authors: Özgür Nihal , Antal Swati , Tomar Anita
Published: May 2022

In this paper, utilizing the Fibonacci-Mann iteration process, we explore Julia and Mandelbrot sets by establishing the escape criteria of a transcendental function,

sin

z

n

+
a
z
+
c

,

n
≥
2

; here,

z

is a complex variable, and

a

and

c

are complex numbers. Also, we explore the effect of involved parameters on the deviance of color, appearance, and dynamics of generated fractals. It is well known that fractal geometry portrays the complexity of numerous complicated shapes in our surroundings. In fact, fractals can illustrate shapes and surfaces which cannot be described by the traditional Euclidean geometry.
Theoretical Model and Implementation Path of Party Building Intelligent Networks in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Wang Jiwei , Dang Man
Published: May 2022

The paper aims to promote the growth of party building work in colleges and universities to improve school party organization, team management and strengthen party member ideological construction and overall party quality. We design intelligent party member business knowledge learning classrooms using deep learning to improve the quality of party members. First, we develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based classroom face recognition system and improve its loss function using the associated theory of the Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG-16) model. Then, using the Single Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), we establish a classroom standing behavior identification system. The experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy rate of the conventional VGG-16 in the face recognition system is 93.5%, while the upgraded VGG-16 is 96.5%, with a 3.2% increase over the baseline models.
Histopathological and Biochemical Comparative Study of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Copper Sulphate Toxicity in Male Albino Mice Reproductive System
Authors: AL-Musawi Manal M. S. , Al-Shmgani Hanady , Al-Bairuty Genan A.
Published: May 2022

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for the efficient functioning of living organisms. Cu can enter the body in different ways, and when it surpasses the range of biological tolerance, it can have negative consequences. The use of different nanoparticles, especially metal oxide nanoparticles, is increasingly being expanded in the fields of industry and biomedical materials. However, the impact of these nanoparticles on human health is still not completely elucidated. This comparative study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and copper sulphate (CuSO4 0.5 (H2O)) on infertility and reproductive function in male albino mice BALB/c. Body weight, the weight of male reproductive organs, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, caspase-3 level, and the presence of Ki67 and CD68, as detected using the amino-histochemistry technique, were investigated. Animals were treated with 25 and 35 mg/kg of CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) by oral gavage for 14 days. The control group was given distilled water by oral gavage. Body weight significantly decreased at the end of experiments in both treated groups in a concentration- and time-dependent manner compared with the control group. Weights of testes and epididymis (head and tail), as well as the weight of the seminal vesicle, showed a significant decrease compared with the control. However, the average weights of the seminal vesicle and prostate significantly increased. Caspase-3 and MDA levels increased in the CuO NP and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) groups compared with the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two concentrations used. Immunohistochemical results detected a significant decrease in Ki67 protein in the treatment groups compared with the control. However, increase in CD68 protein was found in groups treated with CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) compared with the control group. Overall, this in vivo comparative study of CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) showed that oral intake of copper NPs at 25 and 23 mg/kg was safer to the mice reproductive system than CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) at the same dose. CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) significantly influenced the histopathological and toxicological alteration responses.
Evaluation of the Reinforcement Performance of Loess Slopes Affected by Rainfall Infiltration
Authors: Yang Yongdong , Liu Hai , Li Hongfei , Su Shengrui , Liu Wanfeng , Dong Yunxiu , Wang Dong
Published: May 2022

The instability disaster of slope engineering is the third largest geological disaster after earthquake and debris flow, and rainfall is an important factor affecting the stability of slopes. In this study, the stability of a loess slope affected by rainfall infiltration was investigated using engineering examples, an in-depth site investigation, geotechnical physical and mechanical tests, and numerical simulations. The finite element software ABAQUS was used to establish a model of the rainfall infiltration slope to analyze the slope stability after rainfall infiltration while considering the influence of the groundwater level on slope stability and evaluated the reinforcement performance of retaining wall and biological measures on loess slope under rainfall conditions. The results showed that the displacement and pore pressure at the bottom of the slope increased after a strong rainfall. The rapid rise of the water level caused increases in the displacement and pore pressure of the slope, but the slope stability improved when the water table reached 0.8 m. Further analysis shows that under the joint action of rainfall and groundwater, the slope stability can be effectively improved by using retaining wall to strengthen the slope. Under the action of rainfall, the increase of vegetation depth and density has a certain effect on the improvement of slope stability. The ryegrass and alfalfa were the most effective slope stabilization approach if the vegetation parameters and economic factors were considered.
GC‐MS Profile, Antioxidant Activity, and In Silico Study of the Essential Oil from Schinus molle L. Leaves in the Presence of Mosquito Juvenile Hormone‐Binding Protein (mJHBP) from Aedes aegypti
Authors: Herrera-Calderon Oscar , Chavez Haydee , Enciso-Roca Edwin Carlos , Común-Ventura Pablo Williams , Hañari-Quispe Renan Dilton , Figueroa-Salvador Linder , Loyola-Gonzales Eddie , Pari-Olarte Josefa Bertha , Aljarba Nada H. , Alkahtani Saad , Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Published: May 2022

Schinus molle is a medicinal plant used as an anti‐inflammatory and for rheumatic pain in the traditional medicine of Peru. On the other hand, Aedes aegypti is the main vector of several tropical diseases and the transmitter of yellow fever, chikungunya, malaria, dengue, and Zika virus. In this study, the aim was to investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro and the insecticidal activity in silico, in the presence of the mosquito juvenile hormone‐binding protein (mJHBP) from Aedes aegypti, of the essential oil from S. molle leaves. The volatile phytochemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), and the profile antioxidants were examined by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The evaluation in silico was carried out on mJHBP (PDB: 5V13) with an insecticidal approach. The results revealed that EO presented as the main volatile components to alpha‐phellandrene (32.68%), D‐limonene (12.59%), and beta‐phellandrene (12.24%). The antioxidant activity showed values for DPPH = 11.42 ± 0.08 μmol ET/g, ABTS = 134.88 ± 4.37 μmol ET/g, and FRAP = 65.16 ± 1.46 μmol ET/g. Regarding the insecticidal approach in silico, alpha‐muurolene and gamma‐cadinene had the best biding energy on mJHBP (ΔG = −9.7 kcal/mol), followed by beta‐cadinene (ΔG = −9.5 kcal/mol). Additionally, the volatile components did not reveal antioxidant activity, and its potential insecticidal effect would be acting on mJHBP from A. aegypti.
Research and Implementation of Sports Entity Simulation Based on Heterogeneous Binocular Vision
Authors: Tan Liang , Gao He
Published: May 2022

To study the value of heterogeneous binocular vision in the detection of sports targets, a Zynq-based joint software and hardware design method is proposed, and a mobile object detection system for binocular vision is developed based on it. This paper introduces the relevant technologies and theories used in the system design. First, the basic principles and various modules of the binocular stereo vision process are introduced, including camera tuning, stereo correction, stereo tuning, and telescope stereo vision. Based on the depth information, a method to detect and measure motor targets was developed. Finally, combined with the improved mobile target detection algorithm, the real-time methodology research and algorithm design to determine the target range are completed. The performance of the moving target detection system based on binocular stereo vision and the moving target detection and ranging algorithm are tested and analyzed. We know that the front and rear width of the moving target (the person tested in this paper) is at least 10 cm, while the error value of the ranging algorithm in this paper is within 6 meters, and the average error is less than 10 cm. According to the characteristics of binocular stereo vision, the farther the viewing angle is, the smaller the parallax value of the left and right image pixels will be. Therefore, the insignificant change of depth information will bring some errors to the ranging algorithm. The greater the measurement error is, the lower the percentage deviation of the measurement result is within 2%. It also shows that the target ranging algorithm in this paper can ensure good accuracy within a certain distance. Through this method, we can obtain the accurate data of moving objects in sports competition, so as to improve the training method of athletes and improve the competition results.
Design of Logistics Economic Management Measures System in the Era of Internet of Things
Authors: Huang Yulong
Published: May 2022

In order to test whether the intelligent logistics system based on the Internet of things is an important guarantee for an enterprise to have supply chain competitiveness and save a lot of costs in production and sales, this paper puts forward the innovative architecture and application of the new technology of intelligent logistics system based on the Internet of things, constructs the PLS path model and coordination degree measurement model, and measures and analyzes the coordinated development level of the “logistics regional economy” composite system and the coordinated development level of each subsystem, the coordination degree of the “logistics regional economy” composite system, and the coordination degree of each subsystem. It has effectively solved the problems of low operation efficiency and high labor cost in the procurement and inventory link; moreover, the direct effects of the development of logistics industry on the rationalization and upgrading of industrial economic structure are −0.2269 and 0.0289 respectively, which are significant at the level of 1%. The overall cointegration test shows that China’s logistics industry and economic growth maintain a long-term and stable equilibrium relationship.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of PRR Gene Family and their Diurnal Rhythmic Expression Profile in Maize
Authors: Wang Cuiling , Wang Leili , Liu Qingqing , Zhang Yanling , Dong Keqing
Published: May 2022

As essential components of the circadian clock, the pseudo-response regulator (PRR) gene family plays critical roles in plant photoperiod pathway. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification and a systematic analysis of the PRR gene family in maize. Nine ZmPRRs were identified, and the gene structure, conserved motif, evolution relationship, and expression pattern of ZmPRRs were analyzed comprehensively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the nine ZmPRR genes were divided into three groups, except for ZmPRR73, two of which were highly homologous to each of the AtPRR or OsPRR quintet members. Promoter cis-element analysis of ZmPRRs demonstrated that they might be involved in multiple signaling transduction pathways, such as light response, biological or abiotic stress response, and hormone response. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the levels of ZmPRRs transcripts varied considerably and exhibited a diurnal rhythmic oscillation expression pattern in the given 24-h period under both SD and LD conditions, which indicated that the level of transcription of ZmPRRs expression is subjected to a circadian rhythm and modulated by light and the circadian clock. The present study will provide an insight into further exploring the biological function and regulatory mechanism of ZmPRR genes in circadian rhythm and response to photoperiod in maize.
Variability in Test Interval Is Linked to Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) Trajectory over Time
Authors: Fryer Anthony A. , Holland David , Stedman Michael , Duff Christopher J. , Green Lewis , Scargill Jonathan , Hanna Fahmy W. F. , Wu Pensée , Pemberton R. John , Bloor Christine , Heald Adrian H.
Published: May 2022

Aims. We previously showed that the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) testing frequency links to diabetes control. Here, we examine the effect of variability in test interval, adjusted for the frequency, on change in HbA1c (ΔHbA1c). Materials & Methods. HbA1c results were collected on 83,872 people with HbA1c results at baseline and 5 years (±3 months) later and ≥6 tests during this period. We calculated the standard deviation (SD) of test interval for each individual and examined the link between deciles of SD of the test interval and ΔHbA1c level, stratified by baseline HbA1c. Results. In general, less variability in testing frequency (more consistent monitoring) was associated with better diabetes control. This was most evident with moderately raised baseline HbA1c levels (7.0–9.0% (54–75 mmol/mol)). For example, in those with a starting HbA1c of 7.0–7.5% (54–58 mmol/mol), the lowest SD decile was associated with little change in HbA1c over 5 years, while for those with the highest decile, HbA1c rose by 0.4–0.6% (4–6 mmol/mol;

p
<
0.0001

). Multivariate analysis showed that the association was independent of the age/sex/hospital site. Subanalysis suggested that the effect was most pronounced in those aged <65 years with baseline HbA1c of 7.0–7.5% (54–58 mmol/mol). We observed a 6.7-fold variation in the proportion of people in the top-three SD deciles across general practices. Conclusions. These findings indicate that the consistency of testing interval, not the just number of tests/year, is important in maintaining diabetes control, especially in those with moderately raised HbA1c levels. Systems to improve regularity of HbA1c testing are therefore needed, especially given the impact of COVID-19 on diabetes monitoring.
Additional Acupuncture Confers a Favorable Long-Term Prognosis for Elderly Hypertensive Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis after Atorvastatin Treatment
Authors: Li Jiefang , Wu Dan , Jun Liu  , Li Xi
Published: May 2022

Objective. The purpose of the study is to investigate the clinical efficacy and long-term prognosis of acupuncture (AP) combined with atorvastatin (ATO) in treating senile essential hypertension (EH) complicated with carotid atherosclerosis (CA). Methods. 108 elderly EH patients with CA admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and September 2018 were enrolled into the study, consisting of 67 patients who received treatment of AP with ATO (AP + ATO group) and 41 patients who received treatment of ATO alone (ATO group). Comparative outcomes included clinical efficacy, blood pressure (BP), the levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the number of unstable carotid intima plaques, the carotid plaque area, and the incidence of adverse reactions. All patients were followed up for 3 years to evaluate their quality of life and the recurrence rate of CA. Results. The AP + ATO group presented a higher efficacy, a declined BP, and lower posttreatment levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors than the ATO group (

P
<
0.05

). Reductions were observed in IMT, number of plaques, and plaque area in both groups after treatment, with more significant improvements in the AP + ATO group (

P
<
0.05

). No difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups after treatment (

P
>
0.05

). The follow-up analysis demonstrated a higher SF-36 score and a lower recurrence rate of CA in the AP + ATO group than the ATO group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The findings suggested that, for elderly EH patients with CA, treatment of AP with ATO offers better clinical efficacy and safety, which not only can decline the BP, but also can reduce blood lipids and plaque formation, and improve quality of life.
Rechallenge with Amisulpride in a Patient with Schizophrenia following a Manic Episode during Previous Therapy
Authors: Hu Li-Yu , Hong Chen-Jee , Tsai Shih-Jen , Shen Cheng-Che
Published: May 2022

Amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic. It is also effective in treating depression. The potential antidepressant effect raises the concern that amisulpride can induce mania. However, reports of amisulpride-induced mania have been rare. Here, we present the case of a Taiwanese woman with a 22-year history of schizophrenia. At the age 57 years, she developed manic symptoms while on treatment with amisulpride for six weeks. She was immediately admitted to the psychiatric in-patient unit. The manic symptoms completely subsided within eight days without the administration of any mood stabilizer. Readministration of a single dose of 200 mg amisulpride during hospitalization induced the same manic symptoms, which remitted completely within 24 hours without any mood stabilizer administration.
Multiscale Forecasting Approach of Property Insurance Income via Wavelet Method
Authors: Lin Li-Wei , Zhou Xiao-Hui
Published: May 2022

A multiscale prediction algorithm was presented in this paper based on the monthly data of property insurance income of Zhejiang Province from February 2013 to May 2018, and the correlation of the wavelet coefficients for property insurance income was also discussed at different time scales. By ADF tests, the stability of nonlinear approximation data and detail data were given. Furthermore, the prediction algorithm of nonlinear trend and detail data was studied according to the wavelet decomposition formula and the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. Finally, the short-term prediction results from June 2018 to January 2019 were given by the wavelet reconstruction formula. Compared to the prediction results of the traditional ARMA model, the relative error of the prediction results in this paper is smaller and better.
Abstract A029: Identification of tumor microenvironment components in patient-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids
Authors: Gao Mei , Bailey Charles J. , Harper Megan M. , Cavnar Michael J. , Pandalai Prakash , Qasem Shadi A. , Kim Joseph
Published: May 2022

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly drug resistant with no change in therapeutic approach for the last decade. The PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly desmoplastic and associated with altered treatment response. Our group previously identified 9 distinct cell types in human PDAC tumors using single-cell RNA-sequencing, demonstrating a diverse TME. However, the TME of in vitro organoid PDAC models remains underexplored. We initiated characterization of the TME from PDAC patient derived organoids (PDOs) to establish a working model for accurate drug sensitivity testing. Methods: We performed immunofluorescence (IF) staining on whole-mount early passage (<P4) PDO lines and corresponding paraffin-embedded primary PDAC specimens to evaluate for activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) using antibodies against α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast activated protein (FAP); and to evaluate for T-regulatory (Treg) cells with antibodies against interleukin-2 receptor α (IL-2Rα) and forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3). Results: CAFs promote an immunosuppressive TME in PDAC and have recently been subclassified into inflammatory fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which can both restrain and promote tumor progression. In this study, we identified three distinct subtypes of CAFs in PDOs, which are consistent with the subtypes found in matched clinical tumor specimens: α-SMA+, which has been reported to be indicative of pancreatic stellate cell activation and associated with increased desmoplasia; FAP+, which influences cancer cell motility, invasion, and cycle progression, extracellular matrix deposition, and angiogenesis within the TME; and α-SMA+/FAP+, which is a myofibroblast subtype. We additionally identified Treg populations in PDOs with peripheral IL-2Rα and central FOXP3 expression in the organoid spheres. Tregs have previously been shown to be overexpressed in the PDAC TME, making this finding clinically relevant. Conclusions: In this preliminary study, we show that PDAC PDOs demonstrate TME components that mirror primary tumor specimens, including CAFs and Tregs. The demonstration of a tumor-matched, immunocompetent TME in PDAC PDOs provides a more clinically relevant in vitro tumor model for patient-matched drug sensitivity testing.

Citation Format: Mei Gao, Charles J. Bailey, Megan M. Harper, Michael J. Cavnar, Prakash Pandalai, Shadi A. Qasem, Joseph Kim. Identification of tumor microenvironment components in patient-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A029.
Abstract A039: Transcriptomic analysis of canine osteosarcoma from a precision medicine perspective reveals limitations of differential gene expression studies
Authors: Nance Rebecca L. , Cooper Sara , Starenki Dmytro , Wang Xu , Sandey Maninder , Koehler Jey , Agarwal Payal , Matz Brad , Lindley Stephanie , Smith Annette , Smith Ashley , Bergman Noelle , Smith Bruce F.
Published: May 2022

Despite significant advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, osteosarcoma (OSA), an aggressive primary bone tumor, has eluded attempts at improving patient survival for many decades. Spontaneously occurring OSA in the dog shares remarkably similar clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics and therefore serves as an excellent model for the disease. The difficulty in managing OSA lies in its extreme genetic complexity, drug-resistance, and heterogeneity, making it improbable that a single-target treatment would be beneficial for the majority of affected individuals. Precision medicine seeks to fill this gap by addressing the intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity to improve patient outcome and survival. Characterization of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) provides insight into the phenotype and can be useful for informing appropriate therapies as well as development of novel treatments. To identify relevant DEGs, RNA profiles of primary tumor should be contrasted with that of normal tissue derived from the same cell-of-origin as the tumor prior to chemotherapy, as convoluted drug-resistant pathways make interpretation difficult. Traditional DEG analysis combines patient data to derive statistically inferred genes that are dysregulated in the group; however, the results from this approach are not necessarily consistent across individual patients, thus contradicting the basis of precision medicine. In this preliminary study, we use transcriptomic sequencing of RNA isolated from primary canine OSA tumor and patient-matched normal bone from seven dogs prior to chemotherapy to identify DEGs in the group. We then evaluate the universality of these changes in transcript levels among patients by deriving individual-level fold-change values using strict filtering parameters. The results from this study can be useful for reframing our perspective of transcriptomic analysis from a precision medicine perspective by identifying variations in DEGs among individuals.

Citation Format: Rebecca L. Nance, Sara Cooper, Dmytro Starenki, Xu Wang, Maninder Sandey, Jey Koehler, Payal Agarwal, Brad Matz, Stephanie Lindley, Annette Smith, Ashley Smith, Noelle Bergman, Bruce F. Smith. Transcriptomic analysis of canine osteosarcoma from a precision medicine perspective reveals limitations of differential gene expression studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A039.