bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalyst Control of Selectivity in the C–O Bond Alumination of Biomass Derived Furans
Authors: hooper Thomas N , Brown Ryan , Rekhroukh Feriel , Garçon Martí , White Andrew J. P. , Costa Paulo J. , Crimmin Mark
Published: April 2020

Non-catalysed and catalysed reactions of aluminium reagents with furans, dihydrofurans and dihydropyrans were investigated and lead to the ring-expanded products due to the formal insertion of the aluminium reagent into a C–O bond of the heterocycle. Specifically, the reaction of [{(ArNCMe)2CH}Al] (Ar = 2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl, 1) with furan, 2-methylfuran, 2,3-dimethylfuran and 2-methoxyfuran proceeded between 25 and 80 ºC leading to ring-expanded and dearomatised products due to the net transformation of a sp2 C–O bond into a sp2 C–Al bond. The kinetics of the reaction of 1 with furan were found to be 1st order with respect to 1 with activation parameters ΔH‡ = +19.7 (± 2.7) kcal mol-1, ΔS‡ = –18.8 (± 7.8) cal K-1 mol-1 and ΔG‡298 K = +25.3 (± 0.5) kcal mol-1 and a KIE of 1.0 ± 0.1. DFT calculations support a stepwise mechanism involving an initial (4+1) cycloaddition of 1 with furan to form a bicyclic intermediate that rearranges by an a-migration. The selectivity of ring-expansion is influenced by factors that weaken the sp2 C–O bond through population of the s*-orbital. Inclusion of [Pd(PCy3)2] as a catalyst in these reactions results in expansion of the substrate scope to include 2,3-dihydrofurans and 3,4-dihydropyrans but also improves the selectivity. Under catalysed conditions, the C–O bond that breaks is that adjacent to C–H bond. The aluminium(III) dihydride reagent [{(MesNCMe)2CH}AlH2] (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2) can also be used under catalytic conditions to effect a dehydrogenative ring-expansion of furans. Further mechanistic analysis of the Pd-catalysed reaction of 1 with furan shows that C–O bond functionalisation occurs via an initial C–H bond alumination. Kinetic products can be isolated that are derived from installation of the aluminium reagent at the 2-position of the heterocycle. C–H alumination proceeds with a strong primary KIE of 4.8 ± 0.3 consistent with a turnover limiting step involving oxidative addition of the C–H bond to a palladium catalyst. Isomerisation of the kinetic C–H aluminated product to the thermodynamic C–O ring expansion product is an intramolecular process that is again catalysed by [Pd(PCy3)2]. DFT calculations suggest that the key C–O bond breaking step involves attack of an aluminium based metalloligand on the 2-palladated heterocycle. The new methodology has been applied to the upgrading of molecules derived from furfuraldehyde, an important platform chemical from biomass.
Conformations and Three-Dimensional Structures of Selected SARS-CoV-2 Drug Candidates
Authors: Kirschner Karl , Heiden Wolfgang
Published: April 2020

Quantum mechanical theories are used to search and optimized the conformations of proposed small molecule candidates for treatment of SARS-CoV-2. These candidate compounds are taken from what is reported in the news and in other pre-peer-reviewed literature (e.g. ChemRxiv, bioRxiv). The goal herein is to provided predicted structures and relative conformational stabilities for selected drug and ligand candidates, in the hopes that other research groups can make use of them for developing a treatment.

Initial exploration for conformations are performed at the HF/6-31G(d)//HF/6-31G(d) theory level, which are then further optimized at more rigorous theory levels (e.g. B97-D3BJ/cc-pVTZ//B97-D3BJ/cc-pVTZ). The resulting structures are made available via GitHub.
AXIOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF GENRE LITERACY STRUCTURE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF WORLD LITERATURE
Authors: Hrytsak Natalia
Published: April 2020

The article presents the author`s structure of genre literacy of future teachers of world literature that is a synthesis of interrelated components (informational, axiological, intercultural, and communicative-pragmatic). The importance of fiction researching in the content and form unity is emphasized as it contributes to an adequate interpretation of alien cultural work of fiction. The expediency of introducing axiological component into the structure of genre literacy future teachers of world literature is substantiated. The content of the axiological block of the structure of genre literacy of future world literature teachers is analyzed on the basis of literary studies, works on teaching methodology of Ukrainian and World literature, studies in philosophy, aesthetics, cultural studies and other social and humanities sciences. Especial attention is drawn on the issue of universal and national value dominants. The axiological component of the structure of genre literacy of world literature future teachers is aimed at awareness of the nature of fundamental values, conception of alien values, taking into account the heritage of the native culture, awareness of differences in the system of value orientations, awareness of national originality. Particular attention is paid to the concept of the phenomenon of values of the F. Kluckhohn and F. Strodtbeck. Students-philologists’ perception of these American scholars’ values orientation theory will help them to determine the nature of values, type and characteristics of culture. The article focuses on the problem of cultural shock. It is shown that the concept of dialogue of cultures helps to solve the outlined problem, and helps to understand the way of thinking of another people, let them build a strategy of intercultural dialogue. It has been proved that the perception of alien cultural values by the student-philologist is a creative process that involves an emotional adjustment to the reception of different cultural reality. It is emphasized that the axiological component of the structure of genre literacy of future teachers of world literature synthesizes the professional and personal growth of the student-philologist
Psychometric Intelligence and Academic Achievement, A Comparative Analysis of Elementary Schools
Authors: Malhotra Sunita
Published: April 2020

Intelligence and achievement are two different, but interrelated, constructs (Kaya, Juntune, & Stough, 2015). They have been studied for over a century in an attempt to explain differences in educational and life outcomes. School achievement may be considered a resultant of the total growth pattern of the child. Growth in interest and in attitudes towards learning is as important as growth in knowledge. Learning methods of solving problems is fully as valuable as the facts gained or improvements made in school or community in the process. The present research focuses on the primary school children’s academic achievement and Intelligence level.  The sample for the present study consisted of 150 students from different types of schools such as of NGO’s based school, Government school and Private primary schools of the different regions of India. The Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices was used for measuring the IQ level of the students and for measuring the Academic Achievement, Achievement Test Battery of Singh (ATB-SR), 2008 which consists of test Hindi, English, Mathematics, Science and Social Science. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between the achievement scores of Hindi, English, Mathematics, Science and Social Science of the NGO’s based school, government and private school students. Important implications for educational practices may derive from these findings since they can provide valuable information to design instructional actions and programs that can improve student achievement and satisfaction.
Effectiveness of Lanterns Application on Making Lanterns Skills Improvement From Sewing Yarn for Deaf Children
Authors: Denara Yolla , Iswari Mega
Published: April 2020

This study discusses the skills to make lanterns from sewing yarn for deaf children. This research is experimental research. The purpose of this study is to prove the effective lanterns application used making lanterns skills improvement from sewing yarn for deaf children. This type of research is an experimental method in the form of pre-experimental with the type of one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 5 deaf children in SLB Negeri (deaf children state) 2 Padang. This study consists of several stages, namely the first stage (pretest) to determine the initial conditions of the ability to make lanterns from sewing yarn, the second stage is given (treatment) using the lantern application, then the third stage is the last test to find out how far the results of the treatment that have been given (post-test) are processed and compared using the Wilcoxon Rank Task test. The results of research data obtained an average of pretest are 31.80 while for post-test there is an increase that is to 85.80. Data were processed using a Wilcoxon test, obtained the value of task rank between pretest and posttest 2,032 with Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) 0.042. The probability value obtained from the analysis test is compared with the predetermined probability that is α = 0.05. The alternative hypothesis is accepted because the probability <of the established probability is 0.042 <0.05. So it is proven that the use of the lantern application is effective in improving the skills of making lanterns from sewing yarn for deaf children
APPLICATION OF THE SEBAL MODEL FOR DETERMINING THE NET RADIATION IN THE CARIRI CEARENSE REGION
Authors: Nascimento Maria Tamyres Barbosa , Silva João Alvino Sampaio , Oliveira Carlos Wagner , Meireles Ana Célia Maia , Fernandes Francisco Luan
Published: April 2020

The urbanization process has contributed directly to the variation of climatic conditions, since this is mainly due to the substitution of vegetation cover for the construction of urban environments. The removal of these areas of vegetation implies changes in their albedo patterns and monochromatic reflectance causing an irregularity in the radiation distribution cycle. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the balance of radiation in the Cariri Cearense region, by remote sensing using the algorithm SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) and Landsat 5TM images 2616/65 on 07/30/2006, 08/18/2007, 09/21/2008, 09/24/2009, 10/13/2010, 08/29/2011. For a more detailed appreciation of the values of net radiation (Rn), three targets were chosen in the scene, which were: native forest, sparse forest, exposed soil area. All these targets located to windward of the Chapada do Araripe. The Rn estimates showed an increase in dense native forest regions due to the greater vegetative area, in all the images studied. The values for sparse forest and exposed soil were lower.
Comparison of methods of Humidity Index processing in the Irrigated Perimeter Nilo Coelho, Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Leite Antonio Celso de Sousa , De Oliveira Leidjane Maria Maciel , Bezerra Ulisses Alencar , De Almeida Débora Natália O. de Almeida Oliveira , Candeias Ana Lucia B. , T. Junior João Rodrigues
Published: April 2020

The use of remote sensing techniques in support of hydrological studies became common in recent years, through the application of orbital images that are used the reflectance values of the water, for mapping, delineation of water bodies and moisture monitoring in the internal structure of vegetable biomass. Among the methods and techniques of remote sensing image processing with the hydrological analysis, here the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), object of study in the present work, in order to compare the application of the index through different methods. The present study was developed in the territorial part of the Nilo Coelho Irrigated Perimeter located in the Semiarid Northeastern region and covers the municipalities of Casa Nova-BA, Petrolina-PE and Juazeiro-BA, using TM-Landsat 5 sensor images from 30/07/2006. This comparison of the NDWI provided the best application for each index, as well as evaluate the potentiality of the index according to the applied method.
Agronomic variability of the oleaginous plant in the presence and absence mulching in the semiarid
Authors: Pinheiro Liliane Cruz , Montenegro Abelardo Antônio de Assunção , De Lima João Luis Mendes Pedroso
Published: April 2020

A caracterização da variabilidade espacial é importante para identificar áreas com potencial diferente para a produção de culturas. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o impacto da presença e ausência de mulching, utilizando a variabilidade espacial em altura e diâmetro da colheita de oleaginosas não convencional (Moringa oleifera Lam.), Em um vale aluvial no semiárido do estado de Pernambuco. O estudo foi realizado na Estação de Agricultura de Irrigação de Parnamirim (EAIP), Unidade Avançada da Universidade Rural Federal de Pernambuco. Foram selecionadas duas áreas de irrigação vizinhas, uma área contendo práticas de conservação vegetativa usando poeira de coco como mulching (PM), com densidade de 8 t. ha -1 , e outra área com mulching (AM). As variáveis altura da planta e diâmetro do caule foram submetidas a análise estatística descritiva, ajuste de semivariograma e análise de variância para amostragens, além da medida de alcance (a). Os valores médios para ambas as variáveis altura e diâmetro do caule com PM apresentaram valores maiores em relação à AM. O grau de dependência espacial mostrou que existe uma forte dependência da altura da planta em ambos os tratamentos. Em geral, o uso da prática de conservação com a aplicação de mulching promoveu a melhoria agronômica, o que pode levar a um desenvolvimento mais favorável do cultivo de Morifa oleifera Lam, que pode mitigar os efeitos da mudança climática.
Evaluation of the atmospheric longwave radiation models estimated in Brasilia – DF
Authors: Patriota Maria do Rosário Alves , Patriota Maria do Rosário Alves , RODRIGUES CELINA CANDIDA FERREIRA , SILVA BERNARDO BARBOSA da , CHEBLY SAMYR BARATA
Published: April 2020

A radiação atmosférica de ondas prolongadas tem uma importância considerável nos estudos meteorológicos, bem como no aquecimento global. Por estar ligado aos gases atmosféricos e à temperatura do ar. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de doze modelos para a estimativa da radiação de onda longa atmosférica em Brasília-DF. Os dados meteorológicos utilizados neste estudo foram adquiridos a partir da rede de dados do Sistema de Organização de Dados Ambientais - SONDA. Neste estudo, os dados da temperatura do ar, umidade relativa, radiação global e radiação atmosférica de onda longa foram utilizados para os modelos avaliados. Os cálculos foram processados com médias horárias e diárias. A avaliação dos modelos e a comparação dos resultados estimados e medidos da radiação da onda longa atmosférica foram realizadas utilizando os métodos estatísticos do erro médio quadrado (RMSE), erro absoluto médio (MAE) e erro médio médio relativo (PMRE). O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r) e o coeficiente de determinação (R²) também foram aplicados. Os modelos que tiveram excelentes resultados foram Brunt (1932), Prata (1996), Berdahl e Martin (1984), Idso (1982) e Berger et al. (1984), uma vez que apresentaram um bom desempenho, devido aos menores valores de RMSE , MAE e PMRE
Моделі формування рекомендацій у інтелектуальних системах електронної комерції
Authors: Чередніченко О.Ю. , Янголенко О.В. , Іващенко О.В. , Матвєєв О.М.
Published: April 2020

Результати роботи пошукових та фільтраційних механізмів сучасних систем електронної комерції не завжди задовольняють вимоги користувачів, що проявляється у неточних та неповних рекомендаціях товарів за пошуковим запитом. Удосконалення якості рекомендацій для покупців онлайн торгівельних платформ є актуальною задачею. Дана робота наводить моделі формування рекомендацій на основі методів кластерного аналізу, які дозволяють згрупувати схожі товари та схожих клієнтів за їхніми характеристиками. Наведені результати експерименту щодо формування рекомендацій придбання рюкзаків для покупців онлайн магазину спортивного обладнання.
Pengaruh Kompensasi, Pelatihan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Andriani Citra
Published: April 2020

This study entitled the effect of Compensation, Job Training and Job Satisfaction onMarketing Employee Performance at PT. Agung Toyota Bengkulu. The formulation ofthe problem in this study was whether the effect of Compensation, Job Training and JobSatisfaction on Marketing Employee Performance at PT. Agung Toyota Bengkulu. Thepurpose of this study was to determine whether the influence of Compensation, JobTraining and Job Satisfaction on Marketing Employee Performance at PT. Agung ToyotaBengkulu.This research was conducted on marketing employees of PT. Agung Toyota Bengkulu.While the time of this study was conducted for 11 days, namely on 18 January to 28January 2020. The population of this study were employees at PT. Agung ToyotaBengkulu, while the sample of this research is marketing employees of PT. Agung ToyotaBengkulu, amounting to 97 people. This means that the sample material uses quantitativemethods.With research test data analysis techniques, the results of the study can be concluded thatthe respondents' perceptions about Compensation (X1), Job Training (X2) and JobSatisfaction (X3) affect the Performance of Marketing Employees (Y) with the results ofmultiple linear regression obtained the following equation: Y = 1.734 + 0.378 (X1) +0.570 (X2) + 0.328 (X3) and the coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.802 orapproximately (802%) through hypothesis testing simultaneously (simultaneously) andindividually (partial) in this study by using the f test and t test, Compensation (X1), JobTraining (X2) and Job Satisfaction (X3), = 0.000, it means that values <0.05 show togetherand have significant influence.Keywords: Compensation, Training, Job Satisfaction, Employee Performance
Assessment of In-vivo Anti-diabetic and Anti-diarrheal Effects of Flemingia stricta Roxb. Leaf.
Authors: Biozid Shahrear , Alam Mohammad Nazmul , Abeden Jainul , Faruk  , Chowdhury Ahmad Ibtehaz , Sajib Muzahidul Islam , Rahman Masudur , Islam Rafikul
Published: April 2020

Objective: To evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-diarrheal activity of methanol extract of Flemingia stricta Roxb. (Fabaceae) leaf.Methods: In anti-diabetic study, the extract was administered to alloxan-induce diabetic mice at two concentrations (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight) for acute (12 hours) and prolong treatments (15 days) and blood glucose levels (Blood glucose level) of diabetic mice were monitored at intervals of hours and days throughout the duration of treatment. Antidiarrheal test was conducted by castor oil induced diarrhea and enteropooling as well as intestinal motility in mice at three different concentration (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight).Results: Treatment of alloxan induce diabetic mice with the extract caused a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic mice both in acute (12 hours) and prolong treatment (15 days) and it was determined that the extract at both concentration (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) showed the significant (P<0.05) hypoglycemic effect in comparison to the standard drug Metformin (10mg/kg). In the case of castor oil induced diarrheal test, enteropooling test and gastrointestinal motility test, the extract of F. stricta at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg has given significant effect (P<0.05) in comparing to standard drug Loperamide (5mg/kg). Conclusion: These result suggested that the methanol extract of F. stricta Roxb. possess promising anti-diabetic effect on alloxan-induced mice and significant antidiarrheal effect on castor oil induced diarrheal mice.
Digital Learning Resources
Authors: Pratikno Ahmad Sudi
Published: April 2020

List of scholarly publishing
nazri adlaimi
Authors: Adlaimi Nazri
Published: April 2020

ARSITEKTUR JARINGAN DAN DIBUAT OLEH NAZRI ADLAIMI
Preliminary Investigation of the Association Between COVID-19 and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in the U.S.
Authors: Ammerman Brooke A. , Burke Taylor A. , Jacobucci Ross , McClure Kenneth
Published: April 2020

Evidence suggests that the negative consequences of COVID-19 may extend far beyond its considerable death toll, having a significant impact on psychological well-being. Prior work has highlighted that previous epidemics are linked to elevated suicide rates, however, there is no research to date on the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Utilizing an online survey, the current study aimed to better understand the presence, and extent, of the association between COVID-19-related experiences and past-month suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adults in the United States. Results support an association between several COVID-19-related experiences (i.e., general distress, fear of physical harm, effects of social distancing policies) and past-month suicidal ideation and attempts. Further, we found that a significant proportion of those with recent suicidal ideation explicitly link their suicidal thoughts to COVID-19. Exploratory analyses highlight a potential additional link between COVID-19 and suicidal behavior, suggesting that a portion of individuals may be intentionally exposing themselves to the virus with intent to kill themselves. These findings underscore the need for increased suicide risk screening and access to mental health services. Particular attention should be paid to employing public health campaigns to disseminate information on such services in order to reduce the enormity of distress and emotional impairment associated with COVID-19 in the United States.
Conceptual development and change precede adults’ judgments about powerful appearance
Authors: Terrizzi Brandon Frank
Published: April 2020

Objective: Adults’ mental representations of the physical appearance of people that are “strong” and people that are “in charge” are remarkably similar. Some have explained this feature of adults’ thinking by positing innate mental representations. However, specific details about the nature and structure of these representations and an appropriate empirical foundation for these claims has been lacking. In this review, my objective is to provide a high-level summary of recent research exploring infants’ and young children’s intuitions about the physical manifestations of power. I argue that the social responses and judgments of young participants are more informative about the existence and nature of putatively innate mental content.Methods: Narrative review of developmental studies. Results: Preverbal infants exhibit a remarkably early sensitivity to the relative power of two agents. By the time that people enter childhood, they exhibit increasingly adult-like intuitions about powerful appearance. Additionally, there are significant revisions in the appearance-to-power correspondences that people detect between childhood and adulthood.Conclusions: These complex developmental patterns are inconsistent with the idea that adults’ intuitions about the physical manifestations of power are straightforward outputs of an innate psychology. Rather, despite an early-emerging sensitivity to appearance-based cues to power, significant conceptual development and change precede adults’ judgments about powerful appearance.
Computational modeling of Choice-Induced Preference Change: A Reinforcement-Learning-based approach
Authors: Zhu Jianhong , Hashimoto Junya , Katahira Kentaro , Hirakawa Makoto , Nakao Takashi
Published: April 2020

The value learning process has been investigated using decision-making tasks with a correct answer specified by the external environment (externally guided decision-making, EDM). In EDM, people are required to adjust their choices based on feedback, and the learning process is generally explained by the reinforcement learning (RL) model. In addition to EDM, value is learned through internally guided decision-making (IDM), in which no correct answer defined by external circumstances is available, such as preference judgment. In IDM, it has been believed that the value of the chosen item is increased and that of the rejected item is decreased (choice-induced preference change; CIPC). An RL-based model called the choice-based learning (CBL) model had been proposed to describe CIPC, in which the values of chosen and/or rejected items are updated as if own choice were the correct answer. However, the validity of the CBL model has not been confirmed by fitting the model to IDM behavioral data. The present study aims to examine the CBL model in IDM. We conducted simulations, a preference judgment task for novel contour shapes, and applied computational model analyses to the behavioral data. The results showed that the CBL model with both the chosen and rejected value’s updated were a good fit for the IDM behavioral data compared to the other candidate models. Although previous studies using subjective preference ratings had repeatedly reported changes only in one of the values of either the chosen or rejected items, we demonstrated for the first time both items’ value changes were based solely on IDM choice behavioral data with computational model analyses.
Diversity of Birds in the Foothills of Phulchoki Hill, Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Jha Praveen Kumar
Published: April 2020

Bird survey was conducted in Phulchoki hill during two different seasons in January 2018 and April 2018. The objective of the study was to identify seasonal avian diversity, and to determine relative abundance and species richness. Fixed radius point- count method was used to evaluate the bird diversity and their number. Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index was used to calculate the diversity of species during two different seasons. A total of 78 species of birds belonging to 7 orders and 24 families were recorded. Passeriformes was the most dominant order with 58 species and Sylvidae was the most dominant family with 14 species. 59 bird species were recorded in winter and 50 in spring seasons. The analysis of data on residential status revealed that 64 species were residents, 10 species winter visitors and 4 species summer visitors. The relative abundance of species was Very Common (n= 16), Common (n= 38), Uncommon (n= 9) and Rare (n= 15). Higher Shannon- Weiner Diversity Index (H'= 1.488) was recorded during the winter season and low during the spring season (H'= 1.169). Evenness index showed that birds were evenly distributed in winter season (E= 0.253) than spring season (E= 0.207). Maximum birds were seen in Mining area during both winter and spring season and minimum birds in the bus park area of Phulchoki due to habitat destruction and human disturbances.
Exploring the Effects of Power Mobility Training on Parents of Exploratory Power Mobility Learners: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Subject Research Design Study
Authors: Kenyon Lisa K. , Aldrich Naomi J. , Farris John P. , Chesser Brianna , Walenta Kyle
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of power mobility training provided to exploratory power mobility learners with cerebral palsy (CP; Gross Motor Function Classification System Level V) on (1) parenting stress, (2) parents’ perceptions of their children, and (3) children’s attainment of power mobility skills. Method: A non-concurrent, multiple-baseline A–B single-subject research design study was conducted with three participants. The target behaviour was changes in the magnitude of parenting stress as measured by the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form. Parents’ perceptions of their children were assessed using the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities Questionnaire and a parent interview. Children’s attainment of power mobility skills was assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the Assessment of Learning Powered mobility use, and the Wheelchair Skills Checklist. Power mobility training was provided twice a week for 8 weeks using an alternative power mobility device. Results: Positive and negative changes in both magnitude of parenting stress and parents’ perceptions were identified post-intervention. All participants gained power mobility skills, assessed with the COPM. Conclusions: Power mobility training provided to exploratory power mobility learners with CP may influence levels of parenting stress.
Liquid Biopsy Analysis of FGFR3, TERT Promoter and STAG2 Hotspot Mutations for Disease Surveillance in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Romanov Victor , Gnatenko Dimitri , Forsyth Edward , Xiaohui Liang , Povcher Olga , Whyard Terry , Romanov Victor , Waltzer Wayne C.
Published: April 2020

Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are followed by frequent cystoscopies.
Innovative approaches partly replacing cystoscopy (uncomfortable, expensive, low sensitive procedure) are
demanded. The current study aims to establish a fast, reliable, non-invasive, and inexpensive procedure for
NMIBC patient surveillance. Liquid biopsy is a reliable source of biomarkers for cancer patient monitoring.
Urine is the most suitable biological liquid to search for bladder cancer biomarkers. Cell-free DNA in urine
represents tumor-related mutations for several cancers, including the bladder. We investigated mutations in
FGFR3, TERT promoter, and STAG2 as markers for diagnostics and follow-up in NMIBC. Digital PCR
was used to detect mutations in urine-derived cell-free DNA. The sensitivity and specificity of the markers
in relation to clinical outcomes served as criteria of the assay efficiency. The sensitivity with a single marker
(TERT) reached 87%, with a specificity of 77%. Combining two biomarkers (TERT+FGFR3) increased the
specificity of the assay to 100% with a sensitivity of 72%. Different mutational status of STAG2 can indicate
NMIBC presence or recurrence. Therefore, applying the suggested combination of biomarkers with simple
detection procedures to larger patient cohorts will allow developing procedures for BC detection and
surveillance with optimal sensitivity and specificity. Based on the results of this proof-in-concept study, we
conclude that this simple, fast and inexpensive assay can add diagnostic and prognostic value to
cystoscopy/cytology analysis of NMIBC patients.
Transitions and Departures
Authors: Romaniello Matthew P.
Published: April 2020

With the arrival of volume 19, our readers will notice there have been some changes to the editorial organization of Sibirica. This special issue on “Asia in the Russian Imagination,” of which I am one of the guest editors, will be my final contribution to Sibirica. Last year I was presented the opportunity to become the editor of The Journal of World History for the next five years, which is a full-time obligation. I am excited to let you know that I have been succeeded as editor by Jenanne Ferguson. Professor Ferguson has a decade of experience working for the journal, in addition to her research contributions to the field, including her recent monograph, Words Like Birds: Sakha Language Discourses and Practices in the City (2019). I know that you all join me in wishing Professor Ferguson and her editorial team success as they steer the journal into the future.
English Myanmar Dictionary System by Using Linear and Binary Search Techniques
Authors: Ma Ma Myo , KKhine Thaw Yin Myo , Yee Lai Lai
Published: April 2020

This paper is aimed to develop a searching method based on binary search and linear search as well as to understand the finding of search methods. The system searches the desired word for English to English and English to Myanmar. The system may help the English may help the English Language user enable to know the desired word of English and Myanmar meaning. The system output is searching word of English meaning, Myanmar meaning, part of speech, searching time and step. And also, the system finds cross reference and user's unknown word by using binary search and linear search of searching algorithm. This system is implemented by using ASP.NET platform.
Comparative Analysis of Change Detection Techniques In Landuse / Landcover Mapping of Oyo Town, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Saheed S. Olaniyi , J. I Igbokwe , J. C. Ojiako
Published: April 2020

Landcover is the natural surface of the earth undisturbed by human activities. It represents vegetation, natural or man-made features and every other visible evidence of land use. Landuse on the other hand refers to the use of land by humans while Change detection is the process of identifying differences in the state of an object or phenomenon by observing it in different times. This study is aimed at comparative analysis of change detection techniques in landuse/ landcover mapping of Oyo town with the objectives of comparing and evaluating the results of different change detection techniques as well as production of Landuse/ Landcover map of the study area for the period of 1990 and 2016. Landsat images of 1990, 2003 and 2016 covering the study area (Path 191, Row 54 & 55) were collected from the archives of United States Geological Survey (USGS) agency and image processing and analysis were done using ERDAS Imagine 2015 and ArcGIS 10.5. The results of the study were achieved through image pre-processing, image enhancement, image band combination, change detection through pre-classification (image differencing, image ratioing, Principal Component Analysis) and Post-Classification Comparison (PCC) methods, and results analysed. The result of accuracy assessment in this research shows that a PCA produces a better result of 91.67% while PCC delivered accuracy that ranges between 83.33% and 87.5%. However, PCC gives a better result on the change detection in the study area as it affords more analysis on the study area based on the thematic classes generated for each landuse and landcover of the study area. This study hereby recommends Post-Classification Comparison (PCC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for change detection in the study area. Further research on change detection in the study area should be carried out using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) using high resolution images because this research is hinge on pixel based classification of medium resolution images.
Designing and Developing of E-Commerce Website for Unused New Goods Shopping
Authors: Alkhalfan Abeer S. , Altheeb Zainab W. , Alshamsi Noor A. , Alothman Heba W. , Almarashdeh Ibrahim , Alshabanah Muneerah , Alrajhi Daniah , Alsmadi Mutasem K.
Published: April 2020

According to the fast-changing business environment nowadays, we have to be more effective and faster in responding to customers' needs to make them able to access products instantly. This can be done by designing an E-commerce web website for unused goods, which sells various fashions and goods to the customers. To implement an online shopping website, a virtual store on the Internet is needed which allows customers to seek products and select them from a catalog. The customer needs to fill some fields to order a specific product. The purpose of this paper is designing and implementation of the website of unused goods, which sells various fashions and goods to the customers, the good that will be for sale on the website are new unused goods which the customer couldn’t return to the store they buy from to any reason. The proposed system was developed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), ASP.NET and Access.
An Analysis of Cloud Computing Security Issues
Authors: Singh Baldev
Published: April 2020

Cloud computing is one of the emerged technologies in the past decade. Tremendous growth is noticed in the usage and implementation of Cloud computing. Although cloud spectrum is widely popular still there are lot of challenges and issues to be addressed for its optimal usage. Vulnerabilities and threats to the cloud services leads to attacks and exploitation of resources as well as data breaches and privacy violations that need to be addressed at the cloud customer satisfaction level. This paper highlights different cloud security issues and their security requirements. The review aspects and findings of the paper can be used as a reference for further appropriate and effective implementation from the suggested practically viable cloud security solution in an independent manner or using as a hybrid technique.
تنفيذ الطريقة الإيحائية في تعليم اللغة العربية
Authors: Astina Chairani
Published: April 2020

Teaching methods have been esablished and continued to be of particularimportance to the classroom teaching process. Therefore, educators haveconcentrated mos of their research eﬀorts throughout the current century on thediﬀerent teaching methods and their benefts in achieving desirable educationaloutcomes for sudents at diﬀerent educational levels. This interes in teachingmethods has led to the spread of saying that (the successful teacher is only asuccessful way), and those who train teachers to train their sudents to use diﬀerentteaching methods that achieve the objectives of teaching easily and successfully,therefore, the oldes defnitions of the teaching method refers to being the easiesways to teach and learn.The suggesopedia method consiss of a set of educationalrecommendations derived from the suggesive science that Luzanov described as"science concerned with the sysematic sudy of the irrational and unconsciousinﬂuences, or both," to which humans respond continuously. The mos prominentfeatures of this method is the use of decor, furniture, and the special way to arrangethe classroom, and the use of music and authoritarian behavior followed by theteacher during teaching.This method aims to remove or remove psychologicalbarriers when sudents have trused the teacher and themselves. In terms oflanguage theory, this method does not direct the sudent to memorize vocabularyand acquire the habit of speech but to communicative practices. There are sixbasic principles of this method: authority, infantilization, dual comunication,intonation, rhythm, and semi-negative (Pseudo-passive).
Implantação do setor de gestão de pessoas: um estudo de caso na agropecuária canto rural
Authors: Pena Adriana Aparecida , Oliveira Camila Daiane , Lima Marcos Felipe de Paula Vilaça , Moreira Andreia Aparecida Silva
Published: April 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever como será feito o processo de implantação do setor de Gestão de Pessoas na Agropecuária Canto Rural. No que se refere à metodologia, o artigo inicia com a explanação de estudos bibliográficos relativos ao contexto teórico que o cerca e segue com uma pesquisa quantitativa dos dados levantados através de questionário. Os resultados do trabalho revelam que a agropecuária possui problemas em sua estruturação, o que dificulta o relacionamento entre diretor e colaboradores, prejudicando o bom desempenho dos mesmos e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento da empresa. Após análise dos dados coletados, percebe-se que há uma convergência de ideias entre colaboradores e diretoria sobre a estruturação e implantação do setor de Recursos Humanos na empresa. Partindo-se dos referidos pressupostos teóricos, pode-se concluir que, no conjunto, a empresa tem uma forte necessidade de implantar o departamento de RH e busca resultados tanto para a organização quanto para os membros da equipe. Então, sugere-se a contratação de uma consultoria para a implantação do setor, visto que a empresa é de pequeno porte.

Palavras chaves: Gestão de Pessoas, Estruturação, Processos de recursos humanos, Agropecuária.
Pengakuan Sebagai Alat Bukti Dalam Perkara Pengingkaran Keabsahan Anak
Authors: Retnowati Tutiek
Published: April 2020

This research aims to contribute to development of knowledge and legal practices concerning what must be proved in a denial of the legitimacy of child and the implementation of evidence in denial of admission in the examination of the validity of a child case in the courts of religion through statute approach, conceptual approach, case approach and qualitatively analyzed. The validity of proof in the denial of legitimacy of child case must be able prove the two events that cumulatively the law have committed adultery wife and child who was born wife is a result of the adultery. The power of confession evidence in the case of denial of the legitimacy of child assessed as evidence of freedom, namely the strength of evidence submitted to the judge and may require evidence coupled with other. Keywords: recognition, denial of children, adultery, the strength of evidence
Silymarin Component 2,3-dehydrosilybin Attenuates Cardiomyocyte Damage Following Hypoxia/Reoxygenation by Limiting Oxidative Stress
Authors: GABRIELOVÁ E. , KŘEN V. , JABŮREK M. , MODRIANSKÝ M.
Published: April 2020

Ischemic postconditioning and remote conditioning are potentially useful tools for protecting ischemic myocardium. This study tested the hypothesis that 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS), a flavonolignan component of Silybum marianum, could attenuate cardiomyocyte damage following hypoxia/reoxygenation by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). After 5-6 days of cell culture in normoxic conditions the rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were divided into four groups. Control group (9 h at normoxic conditions), hypoxia/reoxygenation group (3 h at 1 % O2, 94 % N2 and 5 % CO2 followed by 10 min of 10 µmol·l-1 DHS and 6 h of reoxygenation in normoxia) and postconditioning group (3 h of hypoxia, three cycles of 5 min reoxygenation and 5 min hypoxia followed by 6 h of normoxia). Cell viability assessed by propidium iodide staining was decreased after DHS treatment consistent with increased levels of lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) after reoxygenation. LDH leakage was significantly reduced when cardiomyocytes in the H/Re group were exposed to DHS. DHS treatment reduced H2O2 production and also decreased the generation of ROS in the H/Re group as evidenced by a fluorescence indicator. DHS treatment reduces reoxygenation-induced injury in cardiomyocytes by attenuation of ROS generation, H2O2 and protein carbonyls levels. In addition, we found that both the postconditioning protocol and the DHS treatment are associated with restored ratio of phosphorylated/total protein kinase C epsilon, relative to the H/Re group. In conclusion, our data support the protective role of DHS in hypoxia/reperfusion injury and indicate that DHS may act as a postconditioning mimic.
L-Malate Enhances the Gene Expression of Carried Proteins and Antioxidant Enzymes in Liver of Aged Rats
Authors: ZENG X. , WU J. , WU Q. , ZHANG J.
Published: April 2020

Previous studies in our laboratory reported L-malate as a free radical scavenger in aged rats. To investigate the antioxidant mechanism of L-malate in the mitochondria, we analyzed the change in gene expression of two malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS)-related carried proteins (AGC, aspartate/glutamate carrier and OMC, oxoglutarate/malate carrier) in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and three antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px) in the mitochondria. The changes in gene expression of these proteins and enzymes were examined by real-time RT-PCR in the heart and liver of aged rats treated with L-malate. L-malate was orally administered in rats continuously for 30 days using a feeding atraumatic needle. We found that the gene expression of OMC and GSH-Px mRNA in the liver increased by 39 % and 38 %, respectively, in the 0.630 g/kg L-malate treatment group than that in the control group. The expression levels of SOD mRNA in the liver increased by 39 %, 56 %, and 78 % in the 0.105, 0.210, and 0.630 g/kg L-malate treatment groups, respectively. No difference were observed in the expression levels of AGC, OMC, CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px mRNAs in the heart of rats between the L-malate treatment and control groups. These results predicted that L-malate may increase the antioxidant capacity of mitochondria by enhancing the expression of mRNAs involved in the MAS and the antioxidant enzymes.
Combined Suppression of the Intrarenal and Circulating Vasoconstrictor Renin-ACE-ANG II Axis and Augmentation of the Vasodilator ACE2-ANG 1-7-Mas Axis Attenuates the Systemic Hypertension in Ren-2 Transgenic Rats Exposed to Chronic Hypoxia
Authors: ČERVENKA L. , BÍBOVÁ J. , HUSKOVÁ Z. , VAŇOURKOVÁ Z. , KRAMER H. J. , HERGET J. , JÍCHOVÁ Š. , SADOWSKI J. , HAMPL V.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia would aggravate hypertension in Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR), a well-defined monogenetic model of hypertension with increased activity of endogenous renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) in conscious rats and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in anesthetized TGR and normotensive Hannover Sprague-Dawley (HanSD) rats were determined under normoxia that was either continuous or interrupted by two weeks´ hypoxia. Expression, activities and concentrations of individual components of RAS were studied in plasma and kidney of TGR and HanSD rats under normoxic conditions and after exposure to chronic hypoxia. In HanSD rats two weeks´ exposure to chronic hypoxia did not alter SBP and MAP. Surprisingly, in TGR it decreased markedly SBP and MAP; this was associated with substantial reduction in plasma and kidney renin activities and also of angiotensin II (ANG II) levels, without altering angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities. Simultaneously, in TGR the exposure to hypoxia increased kidney ACE type 2 (ACE2) activity and angiotensin 1-7 (ANG 1-7) concentrations as compared with TGR under continuous normoxia. Based on these results, we propose that suppression of the hypertensiogenic ACE-ANG II axis in the circulation and kidney tissue, combined with augmentation of the intrarenal vasodilator ACE2-ANG 1-7 axis, is the main mechanism responsible for the blood pressure-lowering effects of chronic hypoxia in TGR.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING WRITING NARRATIVE BASED ON EXPERIENCE WITH CLUSTERING AND MODELING TECHNIQUES IN THE 5th GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Mangga Hafsah Amiran , Munirah Munirah , Arif Tarman A.
Published: April 2020

This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of clustering techniques and modelling techniques in learning to write narrative essays based on personal experience. From the results of preliminary observations, it was found that by using conventional methods, students' ability in learning to write narrative essays based on personal experience was still lacking. The use of clustering and modelling techniques in learning to write narrative essays based on personal experience was expected to have a significant influence. This type of research used quantitative research that was True Experiment Design with pre-test, post-test control group design. The research findings showed that an increase in students’ learning outcomes in the experimental class by using clustering techniques and modelling techniques. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the use of clustering and modelling techniques in learning to write narrative essays based on personal experience had a significant effect.
The portrayal of pirates from south-west Anatolia in Greco-Roman sources.
Authors: Francis Kai
Published: April 2020

Rome had been confronted with piracy for centuries prior to the Late Republic, yet it was the ‘Cilician’ pirates from the coasts of south-west Anatolia who were perceived as being responsible for problems including the ransoming of magistrates, plundering Roman allies, and forming an alliance with Mithridates. This dissertation provides an investigation of Greco-Roman literary accounts and epigraphy to ascertain the multifaceted portrayal of these pirate communities.