bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Trendelenburg position and carboxyperitoneum on cerebral tissue oximetry values
Authors: Kolotukhin A. K. , Bakanov A. Yu. , Bautin A. E. , Volkov V. V. , Mazurok V. A. , Mazokhina O. V. , Shelipanov D. A. , Mosoyan M. S.
Published: July 2022

Background. Cerebral tissue oximetry (rSO2) can be used to assess cerebral circulation. Cerebral tissue oximetry studies have been performed in the Trendelenburg position (30º), but data for 45 o are not available.

Objective. To study the effect of the Trendelenburg position (45°) under carboxyperitoneum conditions on rSO2 and hemodynamic parameters.

Design and methods. A single-center, prospective, descriptive study was conducted among patients (n = 30) who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. We measured rSO2 on the left and right, central venous pressure (CVP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), venous saturation at points: T1 — after induction of anesthesia and start of measurements; T2 — 5 minutes after positioning the patient in the Trendelenburg position of 45o; T3 — 15 minutes; T4 — 30 minutes; T5 — after returning to a horizontal position. Cerebral perfusion was assessed using cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP).

Results. rSO2 on the right and left at points T2, T3 and T5 significantly exceeded T1. There was a significant increase in BP mean at T2 and T3, as well as a significant increase in CVP at T2, T3 and T4 compared to T1. The CPP significantly decreased compared to T1 at points T3, T4 and T5.

Conclusions. The Trendelenburg position with a tilt angle of 45º in combination with carboxyperitoneum is accompanied by an increase in rSO2, blood pressure and CVP.
IMPLICACIONES DE LA DEFORMACIÓN TECTÓNICA DE LOS MANTOS DE CARBÓN EN LA EXPLORACIÓN GEOLÓGICA
Authors: Reyes Chittaro Ítalo
Published: July 2022

En sectores carboníferos que presentan continuidad estratigráfica regional, los mantos de carbón deformados, por efecto de los esfuerzos tectónicos presentan características estructurales locales, que deben ser consideradas dentro de la correlación estratigráfica de los sondeos de exploración. Los ejemplos dados en este artículo explican cómo las dificultades de correlación estratigráfica en un yacimiento están relacionadas con el grado de deformación local del carbón.
The first U/Pb data on the age of detritus zircons from sandstones of the gold-bearing Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Alkesvozhskaya strata (Subpolar Urals)
Authors: Nikulova Natal'ya , Khubanov Valentin
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the novel isotope data on the age of sandstones of the gold-bearing Alkesvozhskaya sequence at the base of the Paleozoic section in the Subpolar Urals. The analysis of U/Pb dating of detrital zircons confirmed that the sandstones had been formed no earlier than in the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician. The predominant part of dating is in a narrow Late Riphean-Late Cambrian age interval, and zircons are represented by unrounded or weakly rounded crystals. The composition of the sandstones of the Alkesvozhskaya sequence are dominated by the destruction products of the underlying rocks of igneous complexes at various stages of the formation of timanides-protouralides.
Internet Ubiquity: Transnationality of Jurisdiction?
Authors: Mua Cíntia Teresinha Burhalde , Neto Eugênio Facchini
Published: July 2022

O objetivo deste ensaio é realizar estudo comparado dos conflitos de jurisdição decorrentes de litígios havidos no ambiente da internet, tendo por paradigmas (1) o caso do Tribunal de Justiça Europeu de 6 de outubro de 2015, processo C‑362/14; (2) o Recurso Especial n. 1.168.547, julgado em fevereiro de 2011, pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça brasileiro e (3) a Ação Direta de Constitucionalidade n. 51, em tramitação perante o Supremo Tribunal Federal do Brasil. Ademais, estuda a adequação, prevista no catálogo principiológico da Lei 13.709/2018 como pressuposto de validade para a transferência internacional de dados. A anacronia da aderência ao território como critério definição da jurisdição, em tais casos, é a hipótese do trabalho. Este ensaio utiliza, na abordagem, o método hipotético-dedutivo; na investigação, o procedimento tipológico e estruturalista; interpretação tópico-sistemática valendo-se das técnicas de pesquisa exploratória e explicativa, instrumentalmente documental (bibliográfica e jurisprudencial).
Las Personas Mayores en el Contexto de la Sociedad Paliativa. Algunas Reflexiones Desde la Filosofía de Byung-Chul Han
Authors: Martín Nuria Belloso
Published: July 2022

Los tiempos pandémicos han traído pesadumbre y dolor por la enfermedad que ha conllevado el virus SARS-COV-2. Contagios, fallecimientos, secuelas de la enfermedad, han sacudido las estructuras del mundo globalizado, en mayor o menor medida. El escenario pandémico ha sido propicio para la reflexión filosófica y para revisar sistemas sociales y jurídicos que se han mostrado incapaces de ofrecer las respuestas necesarias.

Las personas mayores constituyen un grupo vulnerable prácticamente ignorado. Esta situación ha sacado a la luz un colectivo vulnerable, como es el de los ancianos, invisibilizado en muchas ocasiones y discriminado en otras, a quienes se les niega o ignora en los derechos que les corresponden. A partir de las obras del filósofo Byung-Chul Han, se dibujarán unas claves para justificar que debe rechazarse la discriminación y que son plenos sujetos de derecho. Temas como el miedo – que en el escenario pandémico todos han experimentado –, el tiempo, el dolor – del que todos huyen – y la muerte – de la que pocos quieren acordarse – permiten entender tanto la particular situación que se está viviendo a causa del Covid, como la particular forma de vivirlo y experimentarlo por parte de las personas mayores en el contexto de la sociedad paliativa. El objetivo del trabajo, a partir de las obras de Han, es ofrecer unas coordenadas adecuadas para hacer una llamada a la necesidad de dar rostro y voz a quien llega a la edad de senectud, e impeler a que, desde la ética del cuidado y desde el Derecho, se refuercen de los derechos que les asisten.
Sharing Without Judicial Authorization of Financial Intelligence Reports and Serendipity
Authors: Teixeira Alexander Haering Gonçalves , Pagliarini Alexandre Coutinho
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a study on serendipity or chance encounter in criminal proceedings. Initially, through a bibliographic analysis of the topic, it appears that the better part of legal doctrine believes that proof of a crime related to the main crime being investigated must be admitted. Then, the current jurisprudence of the STF and STJ is analyzed, which dismisses imprisonment as punishment for fortuitous crime and advocate the broad admission of evidence, even if there is no such connection. Subsequently, the judgment of RE 1055941 / SP is analyzed, in which the STF considers the evidence obtained through serendipity as valid evidence. In the end, it was possible to conclude that based on the aforementioned ruling, there needs to be a connection between the infraction sought and the one found casually. It is considered fundamental for the attribution of evidential value to the element found fortuitously the absence of deviation of purpose in the execution of the investigative measure or the clear existence of connection between the infractions. For the development of this article, bibliographical research and review were used, and the analysis of legal doctrine and jurisprudence were fundamental to achieve the objective of the proposed research.
Creative Understanding Dalam Progressivisme Pemikiran Islam Politik Syafruddin Prawiranegara (1911-1989): Sebuah Pendekatan Komunikasi
Authors: Mustapa Hasan , Syi'aruddin M. Anwar
Published: July 2022

Peran intelektual tokoh Masyumi cenderung terpinggirkan karena kelemahan posisi politik baik di masa rezim Orde Lama maupun Orde Baru. Kendati gagasan mereka sangat relevan dengan pengentasan problem umat. Beberapa di antaranya seperti Syafruddin Prawiranegara, merespons sikap politik penguasa dengan komunikasi politik yang santun nan progresif. Proses komunikasi politik intelektual Masyumi tersebut diurai melalui beberapa aspek seperti: creative understanding, identity values, aesthetic appeal, community agreement serta reform of society. Menghadapi strategi politik propaganda Soekarno dan Soeharto terhadap sikap politik yang berbeda, Syafrudin Prawiranegara merespons dinamika politik baik Orde Lama maupun Orde Baru lebih bersifat retorik di mana ia bertumpu pada argumentasi yang mengandalkan kekuatan logika serta pendekatan persuasi dan apresiasi yang berimbang dalam melihat peristiwa, tokoh, maupun pergulatan politik yang terjadi.
Membaca Pemikiran Taha Abdurrahman Tentang Etika Politik Islam
Authors: Rizky HK Muhammad
Published: July 2022

This article will discuss the possibility to reconstruct the Islamic political ethics based on Taha Abdurrahman’s thought about ethics. As a field of study Islamic political ethics provide us the way out from normative perspective which seen the relation between Islam and state are just talking about khilafah as a system, and form of state to the ethic-substantive perspective which emphasize the implementation of the values of Islamic teachings in every political action.   Taha Abdurrahman, which has been widely known as an Islamic Philosophers, and one of a biggest theoriest in ethic. The Authors tried to explore Taha’s thought on ethics to rebuild the Islamic political ethics.
The Efficacy of Putrimalu Root Extract (Mimosa pudica) Against Mortality and Histopathological of Rat Muscles Injected Naja sputatrix Venom
Authors: Rendragraha Briantono Willy , Legowo Djoko , Kuncorojakti Suryo , Chusniati Sri , Arimbi Arimbi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this experiment was to know the effect of Mimosa pudica root extract (normal water extraction) on mortality and muscle histopatological in experimental animal (Rattus norvegicus) which injected with LD50 of Naja sputatrix venom. Fresh Mimosa pudica root dried without sunshine and ground into coarse powder with steamroller (mash 3mm). Plant extract were prepared by stirring 4 g of the powder into 200 ml of water for 3 hours at room temperature and filtered with muslin cloth before freezdried. 30 rat divided into five groups, P0(C+), P1(C-) P2, P3, and P4. P0 (positive control group) injected by saline intra muscular and given aquadest peroral after five minutes, P1 (negative control) injected with Naja sputatrix venom and given aquadest peroral after five minutes. P2, P3, and P4 injected by Naja sputatrix venom and given Mimosa pudica extract with 250mg/KgBW, 500mg/KgBW, and 1000mg/KgBW doses. All of the experimental animal observed about six hours and than euthanized, musculus gluteus maximus (location of injection) was taken for histopatological examination. In this experiment observed that the normal water extraction of mimosa pudica can’t reduce mortality of experimental animals but it can decrease muscle damage in 1000mg/KgBW dose.
HOW RELIGIOSITY, KNOWLEDGE, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MUZAKKI AFFECT ZAKAT COMPLIANCE
Authors: Yasin Ach , Indrarini Rachma , Suryaningsih Sri Abidah
Published: July 2022

Several things affect the achievement of targets, such as internal and external factors of the zakat management organization. The level of compliance with paying zakat is one of the external factors that can affect the receipt of zakat. So, this research will examine indicators that affect the level of compliance to pay zakat in Indonesia, using religiosity, knowledge, and characteristics of muzakki. The approach in this research is a quantitative approach with probit regression. This research collects 200 respondents as samples from Muslim-majority areas, such as East Java, Yogyakarta, Central Java, and South Sulawesi. It is hoped that this research will find indicators that can influence the level of muzakki compliance in paying zakat. The probit regression results, of all the variables used, there are two significant variables, namely religiosity and knowledge. Meanwhile, demographic variables such as age, income, education, marital status, and gender are insignificant because some people who pay zakat are not based on whether they have reached nishab. They always set aside 2.5% of their income for zakat after payday. The statement reinforces other evidence that people who pay zakat in Indonesia are more driven by factors of faith and trust. Theoretically, this study offers a new research model to explain muzakki compliance in paying zakat. Empirically, this research contributes to zakat managers' focus programs on increasing religiosity and knowledge of muzakki.
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENCOURAGES RETURN INVESTMENT IN CONSUMPTION COMPANIES: CASE ISLAMIC STOCK INDONESIA (2016-2020)
Authors: Khoirotun nisa Ihda fransiska , Rusmitab Sylva Alif , Sudaryati Erina
Published: July 2022

As khalifah (leader), human beings are supposed to guard the earth. In this modern era, one way to do it can be by supporting the companies that maintain their environmental performance. As Muslims invest in Islamic indexes, they can take care of the earth at the same time. Therefore, this study aims to examine the behavior of investors in the environmental performance of companies listed in the Islamic index. The dependent variables are stock return, and the independent are market value added (MVA), PROPER value, and return on equity (ROE). The sample of this study is consumption companies registered with Indonesia Islamic Stock Index (ISSI) from2016 to 2020. There are 90 observational data in this study. Using the multiple regression analysis techniques, this study confirms that there is a significant positive effect of the PROPER and ROE on stock returns. At the same time, the MAV has no significant positive effect on stock returns. Many other variables should be investigated further regarding their effect on stock return in consumer goodscompanies, such as NPM, ROA, and DER. Investors may consider index PROPER as the benchmark for investment in Islamic stock. There is a high potential return based on environmental performance. If the company's PROPER value is good, then there is also an indication of a high investment return.
A Decoupling Algorithm Based on PID Neural Network for Multi-Channel Active Noise Control of Nonstationary Noise
Authors: Wu Xuechun , Wang Yansong , Guo Hui , Yuan Tao , Sun Pei , Zheng Lihui
Published: July 2022

It is critical to study multi-channel active noise control (ANC) systems to satisfy the requirements of noise reduction in multi-target positions. However, the complexity of the system may increase as the result of an increased number of sound channels. In addition, multi-channel coupling affects the stability of a system. In this paper, a decoupling algorithm based on the Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) neural network and the filtered-x least-mean-square (FxLMS) for the multi-channel ANC of nonstationary noise is proposed. Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the PID neural network, the coupling problem can be solved through the algorithm. The performance of the novel proposed algorithm is verified by comparing the simulation results with the results from the traditional FxLMS algorithm and the FxLMS algorithm with matrix decoupling. The results illustrate that the convergence speed of the traditional FxLMS algorithm is similar to that of the FxLMS algorithm with matrix decoupling, while the proposed algorithm converges significantly faster than the other two algorithms. In terms of control performance, the proposed algorithm executes the best and the residual error signal has the minimum amplitude, followed by the FxLMS algorithm with matrix decoupling and the traditional FxLMS algorithm. With the advantages in convergence speed and control performance, the proposed decoupling algorithm could be suitable for multi-channel nonstationary ANC.
Vibration Analysis and Isolator Component Design of the Power System in an Autonomous Underwater Glider
Authors: Liu Yujun , Liu Jing , Pan Guang , Huang Qiaogao , Guo Liming
Published: July 2022

Vibration isolation technology is one of the main methods for controlling the vibration and noise of underwater vehicles. This paper presents a vibration analysis and vibration isolator component design method of the power system in autonomous underwater gliders (AUGs). The dynamic models of the single-layer and double-layers vibration isolation systems of the power system of the AUG are established to analyze the force transfer rate in the system. A reasonable stiffness range of the vibration isolation system is obtained according to the results of the dynamic model. To validate the vibration isolation performances of the presented vibration isolation systems, the finite element (FE) models of single-layer and double-layers vibration isolation systems are established. The vibration responses and vibration isolation performances of the system with and without the rubber isolation systems are compared. Moreover, the effect of stiffness on the vibration isolation performances of the system is discussed. The presented results can provide some guidance for the design method of the vibration isolation system in the power system of AUGs.
Investigating the students’ behavior towards the temptation to do academic misconduct in higher education: The moderation of religiosity
Authors: Hamdani Rizki , Siregar Dede Iskandar , Marpaung Arif Pratama , Gonggo Raniyah Aulihati , Sulistyanti Umi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence cheating intention (CI) and cheating behavior (CB) on accounting students with Islamic religiosity (IR) as a moderating factor. This study used the theory of planned behavior (TPB) concept in predicting academic cheating. The sample of this study used a cluster sampling approach. The data collecting technique used a survey method with a questionnaire. The population of this study was accounting students at an Islamic university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia with a total of 146 respondents. Regression analysis was employed to test this hypothesis by using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach using smart-PLS. The results of this study indicated that attitude had a negative effect on CI and perceived behavioral control (PBC) had a positive effect on CI. Furthermore, the level of religiosity had a negative effect on CI. This finding also implied that religiosity was unable to moderate TPB to reduce students’ desire to commit academic misconduct. This paper contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the moderating effect of religiosity on academic cheating behavior of students in higher education.
Measuring the Effect of Ecological Factors (Food Waste Volume Changing) on the Weight of Cats in Tehran / 2016-2020
Authors: Rahimi Farid
Published: July 2022

Humans, willingly or unwillingly, affect the lives of urban cats. Waste production is only one of the human effects on the urban cat ecosystem. The human-generated food waste provides a large portion of urban cat's food, and economic fluctuations change the quality, and content of waste bins. In this descriptive-estimation study with field monitoring, we tried to measure the weight of cats to find out how much the change in the volume of municipal food waste affects their physical condition? The results of a study conducted in Tehran from spring 2016 to winter 2020 showed that the average volume of food waste collected in this city had decreased by 26.9%. The reduction of food waste volume affected the weight of cats and caused an average of 18.71% reduction in the average weight of cats during the study. The weight loss rate intensified from autumn 2017 – to winter 2018 onwards. Male cats lost 18.68%, and female cats 18.40% of their weight from early spring 2016 to late winter 2020.
Defanging Chloroform – Mitigation of Deuterated Chloroform Decomposition to Stabilise Susceptible NMR Samples
Authors: Teipel Jan , Gottstein Vera , Hölzle Eva , Kaltenbach Katja , Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Kuballa Thomas
Published: July 2022

Highly reactive decomposition products of (deuterated) chloroform can deteriorate samples dissolved in this commonly used NMR solvent. For sensitive samples (such as peptides, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins), this can lead to abnormal NMR spectra (e.g. signal shifts depending on pH, attenuation of signals over time due to chemical changes of analytes, new signals from reaction products). Such irreproducibly influenced spectra are especially problematic for non-targeted analysis methods. To prevent these artefacts, chlorine, phosgene and hydrochloric acid need to be eliminated from deuterated chloroform prior to its use. Since the common stabilization methods have proven insufficient for sensitive NMR samples, another purging method has been tested: Mitigation is easily and reliably achieved by washing the deuterated chloroform with concentrated Na2CO3-solution and subsequent desiccation with oven-dried Na2CO3.
Post-Laryngectomy Voice Prosthesis Changes by Speech-Language-Pathologists: Preliminary results.
Authors: Hans Stephane , Vialatte de Pemille Gregoire , Baudouin Robin , Julien-Laferriere Aude , Couineau Florent , Crevier-Buchman Lise , Circiu Marta P , Lechien Jerome Rene
Published: July 2022

Background: In the present study, we assessed the feasibility and success outcomes of voice prosthesis (VP) changes when performed by speech-language pathologist (SLP).
Methods: Patients treated with total laryngectomy (TL) from January 2020 to December 2020 were prospectively recruited from our medical center. Patients benefited from tracheoesophageal puncture. The VP changes were performed by the senior SLP and the following data were collected for each VP change: date of placement; change or removal; VP type and size; reason for change or removal; and use of a washer for periprosthetic leakage. A patient-reported outcome questionnaire including 6 items was proposed to patients at each VP change (Appendix 1). Items were assessed with a 10-point Likert-scale.
Results: Fifty-two VP changes were performed by the senior SLP during the study period. The mean duration of the SLP consultation, including patient history, examination and VP change procedure was 20 min (range: 15-30). The median prosthesis lifetime was 88 days. The main reasons for VP changes were transprosthetic (N=34; 79%) and periprosthetic (N=7; 21%) leakages, respectively. SLP successfully performed all VP changes. He did not change one VP but used a periprosthetic silastic to stop the periprosthetic leakages. In two cases, SLP needed the surgeon examination to discuss about the following indication: implant mucosa inclusion and autologous fat injection. The patient satisfaction was high according to the speed and the quality of care by the SLP.
Conclusion: The delegation of VP change from the otolaryngologist-head and neck sur-geon to the speech-language pathologist (SLP) may be done without significant complications. The delegation of VP change procedure to SLP may be interesting in some rural regions with otolaryngologist shortage.
Mulberry Extract Upregulates Cholesterol Efflux and Inhibits p38 MAPK-NLRP3 Mediated Inflammation in Foam Cells
Authors: Liu Yuting , Wang Kefan , Yang Shuofei , Lu Liming , Xue Guanhua
Published: July 2022

The accumulation of foam cells in arterial intima and the accompanied chronic inflammation are considered major causes of neoatherosclerosis and restenosis. However, both the underlying mechanism and effective treatment for the disease are yet to be uncovered. In this study, we combined transcriptome profiling of restenosis artery tissue and bioinformatic analysis to reveal that NLRP3 inflammasome is markedly upregulated in restenosis and that several restenosis re-lated DEGs are also targets of mulberry extract, a natural dietary supplement used in traditional Chinese medicine to improve liver vitality. Further pathway enrichment analysis identified MAPK signaling pathway to be involved in the inflammatory response of foam cells. Consistently, immunofluorescence microscopy shows co-localization of NLRP3 with CD68+ macrophages. We then evaluated the efficacy of mulberry extract in inhibiting both the formation of foam cells and their inflammatory response. We demonstrated that mulberry extract suppresses the formation of ox-LDL induced foam cells, possibly by upregulating the cholesterol efflux genes ABCA1 and ABCG1 to inhibit intracellular lipid accumulation. In addition, mulberry extract dampens NLRP3 inflammasome activation by stressing the MAPK signaling pathway. Collectively, our mecha-nistic and functional studies unveil the therapeutic value of mulberry extract in neoatherosclerosis and restenosis treatment by regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory response of foam cells.
Students' Perceptions of Online Vertebrate Anatomy Practicum
Authors: Saputri Elania Zoela , Agustiani Yunita , Faridah Siti , Ramadhani Alifia Putri , Saifuddin Much. Fuad , Ma'rifah Destri Ratna
Published: July 2022

Practicum has an essential role in learning biology, especially during online learning. Various forms of online practicum are sought, one of which is in the vertebrate anatomy course practicum. As a form of evaluation, it is necessary to know student perceptions of the online practicum process. The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of the online practicum process for vertebrate anatomy courses based on the perceptions of students participating in the practicum. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire containing 12 statement items with a Likert scale using five choices. The study involved 34 students of the 2020 Biology Education Study Program, FKIP UAD, who had com­pleted the online practicum for the vertebrate anatomy course. The results showed that students' perceptions of understanding, aspects of practicum media, and aspects of the online practicum process for vertebrate anatomy courses gave a positive response. However, every aspect had to be improved again. The positive response of students' perceptions shows that the quality of the online practicum for the vertebrate anatomy course has met student expectations. Online practi­cums can be innovated to support the implementation of future practicums in conditions free from pandemics.

 
Analisis Terhadap Putusan Perkara Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah No: 599/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Gtlo yang Diperiksa dan Diadili di Tiga Tingkatan Peradilan
Authors: Saputera Abdur Rahman Adi , Oka Selmi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the decision of the sharia economic dispute case that was submitted through a lawsuit at the Gorontalo Religious Court, then continued with the next legal effort, namely an appeal at the Religious High Court to the Supreme Court Cassation level. The results of the study indicate that the claimant and the parties referred to in the lawsuit have both made mistakes in the murabahah contract that has been agreed upon, and in terms of the judges' considerations at each level, it shows that the councils of the Religious Courts and the High Religious Courts passed things that should have been examined. namely the condition of negligence of obligations carried out by the plaintiff. The considerations conveyed by the assembly can certainly miss the sharia economic principle, namely the Taawun concept because the plaintiff's condition is sick and the plaintiff can prove it. As an institution that provides financing (creditors), it is certainly not possible to issue a warning letter if the debtor does not have any errors. So the result is that it can be separated between the state of overmatch and negligence of obligations.
Konsep pengembangan wisata garam Madura dengan analisis SWOT
Authors: Susandini Aprilina , Islam Darul
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to determine the impact of salt tourism on salt farmers and the surrounding community and to find out the problems faced by salt tourism managers in Bunder Village, Pamekasan Regency. In addition, this study aims to examine and analyze the development of salt tourism in Madura. This study uses a quantitative approach. Sampling was done using the snowball sampling technique. The respondents of this study were salt farmers, village officials, tourism managers, village communities, and tourist visitors. Data collection techniques with interviews, field observations, and documentation. The analysis technique uses SWOT analysis. Based on the research results, it is known that the potential of salt land in four districts in Madura can be used as an opportunity to develop attractive salt tourism through the concept of salt tourism education (edutourism) and packaged with cultural and historical tourism. The salt tourism offered is unique, which gives visitors a different experience. The development of Madura salt tourism can be carried out optimally if there is a cooperation between academics, government, entrepreneurs, and the community
Retinal development and the expression profiles of opsins genes during larvae development in Takifugu rubripes
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wu Yumeng , Li Weiyuan , Wang Jia , Zhou Huiting , Zhang Lei , Liu Qi , Liu Ying , Yan Hongwei
Published: July 2022

The light sensitive capacity of fish larvae is determined by the structure of the retina and the opsins expressed in the retinal and non-retinal photoreceptors. In this study, the retinal structure and opsin expression patterns during the early development stage of Takifugu rubripes larvae were investigated. At around two days after hatching days (dah), the yolk sac of T. rubripes disappeared, the mouth was clearly visible and the larvae started swimming and feeding on rotifers. Histological examination showed that at 1 dah, seven layers were observed in the retina of T. rubripes larva, including the pigment epithelial layer (RPE), photoreceptor layer (PRos/is), outer nuclear layer (ONL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL). At 2 dah, optic fiber layer (OFL) can be observed, and all eight layers were visible in the retina. By measuring the thickness of each layer, opposing developmental trends were found in the thickness of ONL, OPL, INL and IPL, GCL and OFL. The nuclear density of ONL, INL and GCL and ratio of ONL/INL, ONL/GCL and INL/GCL were also measured and the ratio of ONL/GCL ranged from 1.9 at 2 dah to 3.4 at 8 dah and no significant difference was observed between the different developmental stages (p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed for the INL/GCL ratio between the different developmental stages, which ranged from 1.2 at 2 dah to 2.0 at 18 dah (p > 0.05). The results of quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression of RH1, LWS, RH2, green opsin, SWS2, rod opsin, opsin3 and opsin5 could be detected from 1 dah. These results suggested that the well-developed retina and early expression of the opsins of T. rubripes during the period of transition from endogenous to mixed feeding might critical for vision-based survival skills during the early life stages after hatching.
Violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: A multi-country analysis
Authors: Lutter Chessa K. , Hernández-Cordero Sonia , Grummer-Strawn Laurence , Lara-Mejía Vania , Lozada-Tequeanes Ana
Published: July 2022

The marketing of formula milk as a substitute for breast milk continues to be ubiquitous and multifaceted despite passage by the World Health Assembly of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in 1981. Among 3,124 pregnant women and mothers with young children, in eight countries, 64% reported exposure to promotion of products covered under the Code in the previous 6 months, primarily from advertisements seen outside of health facilities (62%). Nearly 20% of mothers with an infant < 6 months reported that a health care provider had advised them to feed their child food or drink other than breast milk, and 21% of providers reported contact with a representative of a formula company in the previous 6 months to distribute promotional materials, samples, or free supplies (range 2–53%). Of the 389 retail stores and pharmacies surveyed, promotions were observed in 63% (range 0–100%), and of 1,206 labels and inserts of products reviewed, nearly half included health and/or nutrition claims (range 0–100%). A strong, though non-significant, linear relationship between the composite violations score and quality of Code legislation was found; countries with the lowest percentage of violations had the strongest Code legislation. In Latin America, over 50% of health care providers reported no knowledge of the Code, and 50% reported no knowledge of national legislation. Our study highlights three key facts: 1) the marketing of breast-milk substitutes is ubiquitous and multifaceted, 2) the high variability of promotion across countries generally reflects the comprehensiveness of Code legislation, and 3) health care providers have poor knowledge of the Code and national legislation.
Craniofacial and Upper Airway Characteristics with Class III Malocclusion in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in Shijiazhuang
Authors: Hu XiaoYing , Pan Cheung Gary. Shun. , Zhang YiYang , Sun RuoNan , Tang Hui , Dong FuSheng
Published: July 2022

Background
To provide a craniofacial and upper airway cephalometric characteristics of Chinese children analysis with Class III malocclusion (skeletal and dental) in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in shijiazhuang, China.
Materials & methods
Lateral cephalographs of male and female groups of 78 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with skeletal Class III (S III) malocclusion were compared to those of 64 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with dental Class III (D III) malocclusion. 19 indicators were involved in which represented the maxilla、mandible and their relative position, the growth pattern of the mandible and the width of the upper airway. Wilcoxon two-sample test and Student's t-tests were performed to assess differences between S III malocclusion (group 1) and D III malocclusion (group 2) with SPSS 21.0.
Results
Significant differences were showed in the measurements as follows. Compared to the D III group, in the S III group, maxillary sagittal growth deficiency apparently localized around the point A, with the mandible being more excessive forward and less backward and downward rotation. (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference at the level of the nasopharynx sagittal diameter between the two groups. However, the data of tonsil plate at the level of the oropharynx sagittal diameter showed significant smaller in S III group than D III group. This difference extended down into the laryngopharynx.
Conclusions
In a word, for the skeletal Class III malocclusion 4–5 year children, the jaw disharmony assumed retruded maxilla and retrusive mid-face in the sagittal planes, narrow oropharynx and laryngopharynx upper airway, protracted mandible and shorter lower face height.
New model for intelligent breast cancer monitoring Summary
Authors: Pourmina Mohammad-Ali , Pour Javad Nouri , Moghaddasi Mohammad Naser , Ghalamkari Behbod
Published: July 2022

Monitoring the patient's condition and diagnosing the type of disease are very important goals. Therefore, its analysis and evaluation is also very important, creating the necessary ability in specialists to evaluate the patient's condition in different treatment conditions has been important. Designing a robust network requires robust agents and topology. Here we show a model of monitoring the patient's condition and diagnosing the type of disease with robust agents and topology, which is here based on the type of relationship between agents. Agencies and capabilities have been able to design a robust network for diagnosing, analyzing and evaluating the patient's condition. By changing the possible parameters of the tumor status, we were able to evaluate the ability of the network in the identification process. This is a general criterion in the analysis of the patient's condition by specialists. The simulation results show that this network has the necessary strength to diagnose and treat the disease with good accuracy.
Trend in incidence and mortality of cancer, a high -risk area in Gansu province: Analysis of the 2010 to 2018 in Gansu Central Cancer Registry
Authors: Yuqin Liu , Haoran Yuan , Yitong Zhu , Gaoheng Ding , Niyazi Guzhanuer , Gongjian Zhu
Published: July 2022

Background: The incidence and mortality of cancer in Gansu Province remain high, especially the digestive system tumors have long been in the top 5, and there is a rising trend. This paper uses the cancer registration data in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2018 to analyze the trend of trend changes, and provides information for the government basis for decision-making.Methods: The registration data of cancer incidence, death and population data reported by 23 cancer registration sites in Gansu Province in 2021 were collected, and the data of 15 registration sites met the quality control standards. The incidence (mortality) rate, age-standardized incidence(mortality) rate, cumulative rate(0~74 years old) were calculated according to gender, areas(urban and rural) and age groups. The age-standardized rate was calculated and adjusted by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASIRC, ASMRC) and world standard(Segi’s) population(ASIRW, ASMRW), respectively. Joinpoint Regression Program was used to estimate the annual percentage change（APC），and average annual percentage change（AAPC） to analyze the temporal trends of annual all cancer incidence and mortality rates.Results: In 2018, the number of new cancer cases in Gansu was 13 592, with an incidence rate of 252.98/105, ASIRC and ASIRW were 189.79/105 and 205.89/105 respectively; there were 7,568 cancer deaths in the province, with a mortality rate of 140.86/105, ASMRC and ASMRW were 103.40/105 and 116.83/105 respectively. The ASIRC and ASMRC in urban areas were lower than those in rural areas. The incidence of cancer in males and females peaked in the 80-84 and 75-79 age groups, respectively, and the mortality rates of cancer in both males and females peaked in the 80-84 age groups. From 2010 to 2018, the ASIRC of cancer in the cancer registration areas of Gansu Province showed a downward trend (AAPC, -1.7%, 95%CI, -4.4%-10%), and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). ASMRC showed a downward trend (AAPC, -3.9%, 95%CI,-10.0%-2.7%), the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusions: Digestive tract cancer, lung cancer and female breast cancer have high morbidity and mortality in Gansu Province, and are the main cancer types for the prevention and control of cancer in Gansu Province. According to the epidemic characteristics of cancer, multi-dimensional joint efforts should be made to promote the prevention of cancer populations in our province and reduce the disease burden of cancer in Gansu Province.
Allele mining, evolutionary genetic analysis of TaHKT1;5 gene and evaluation of salinity stress in selected lines of wheat.
Authors: Thiyagarajan Karthikeyan , Mathur Prem Narain , Vikram Prashant , Sehgal Deepmala , Valluru Ravi , Govindan Velu , Rahman Hifzur , Thapa Dhruba Bahadur , Pantha Sumitra , Galeffi Patrizia , Latini Arianna , Cantale Cristina , Porceddu Enrico , Joshi Arun Kumar
Published: July 2022

HKT 1;5 gene is a known gene associated with the salinity tolerance in plants upon the discrimination of K+ over Na+ in leaves without change in Na+ concentration in roots. This gene was sequenced in a diverse collection of bread wheat, durum wheat, wild relatives, and ditelosomic lines. Sequence analysis in bread wheat led to the identification of four alleles, which could be distinguished by the number of SNPs. Sequence comparison between bread wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that the HKT1;5 gene is conserved at the level of exonic regions; however, the presence of transposable elements especially in intronic regions is further intriguing towards evolutionary relatedness. Two paralogous or major alleles observed in Triticum monoccum and Aegilops tauschii were further categorized as sub-alleles based on their SNPs comparison. This gene was absent in T. urartu following existing evidence, while an allelic variant in A. speltoides in its exon1 region causing a frameshift mutation with altered amino acids and genomic database mining unveiled additional alleles in this species. Ditelosomic lines with 4DL and 4DS chromosomes revealed a higher similarity with bread and durum wheat respectively. Phenotyping based salinity stress experiment distinguished the unknown lines for salinity tolerance and sensitiveness in comparison with known reference lines and a possible allelic comparison was made. The salinity stress analysis further revealed that some known drought/heat tolerance lines showed slightly better salinity tolerance with mean values and variability of traits than the known saline tolerant wheat line at controlled ambient.
Evaluation of chitosan composite beads for adsorption of gatifloxacin antibiotic compound from aqueous solutions
Authors: Dutta Joydeep , Mala Aijaz Ahmad , Kyzas George D
Published: July 2022

In the present study, chitosan (C), walnut (W) and almond shell (A) powder were combined in different ratios to produce low-cost composite adsorbent beads for the removal of antibiotics gatifloxacin (GAT) from synthetic wastewater. The beads were characterized by a Scanning electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectrum spectrophotometer and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The batch adsorption approach was employed to remove the antibiotic from the water. Moreover, isotherm and kinetics were conducted to illustrate the adsorption mechanism. Parameters like the effect of the adsorbent’s dosage, pH, initial concentration and contact time on antibiotic adsorption were evaluated. Adsorption percentage increased slightly with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The optimum pH for GAT adsorption on beads was 5–7. In addition, adsorption increased with initial antibiotic concentration and time rise. The adsorption isotherm data were successfully fitted to Langmuir isotherm for AWC and CAW beads, while WAC beads followed the Freundlich isotherm. The highest adsorption was attained at pH 5 on CAW beads and pH 7 on AWC and WAC beads. The optimal contact time for equilibrium studies was 120 min for all types of beads. The adsorption isotherms data in AWC beads fit well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich adsorption for CAW and WAC beads. The rate of adsorption on beads follows Lagergren pseudo-second-order kinetics. The results indicate that prepared combination beads can be used to remove antibiotics from wastewater.
Socio-cultural Determinants of HIV/Aids Transmission: Implications For Prevention in Fundong Health District, North West Region Of Cameroon.
Authors: OyongAkom Calvin Ncha
Published: July 2022

Introduction Despite the efforts put in place by the Cameroon government to prevent the spread of HIV in Cameroon, new cases of infection keep increasing over the years. This is partly because the cultural aspect as a predisposing factor to the transmission of the virus is always neglected. The study was aimed at identifying cultural determinants that leads to the transmission of HIV, including sexual behaviors and challenges HIV patients face. The purpose is to present empirical evidence for stake holders and policy makers to utilize in order to curb the spread of HIV. Methods A descriptive cross sectional study design was used where 288 HIV patients were randomly selected from HIV patients visiting Fundong District Hospital and St. Martin de Porres Catholic General Hospital, Njinikom . A consent form was signed by all those who participated in the research. A self-administered or nurse administered questionnaire was the sole instrument for data collection and the data was analysed with the use of SPSS Inc. version 22. An ethical clearance from the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Nigeria was obtained for the study. Authorization from the Regional Delegate of Public Health for the NWR of Cameroon was obtained. Authorizations from the administrators of St Martin de Porres Catholic General Hospital Njinikom and Fundong District Hospital were given which were the centres for the collection of data. Results Cultural determinants discovered were; the existence of wife inheritance (90.3%), extra marital sex for pregnancy (52.2%), and wife sharing in the community (17.27%). More than half of the subjects (52.8%) did not use condoms because of refusals by their partners (P<0.05). A shocking majority (90.97%) of the subjects reported that men have more than one sexual partners in the community. The main challenge faced by patients was poverty as responded by a majority (53.28%). Conclusions It can be concluded that harmful cultural practices of wife inheritance, wife sharing and extra marital sex for pregnancy exist in Fundong health district. Male dominance of women leads to non-use of condoms. HIV patients face the problem of transportation to the treatment centres due to poverty. Therefore rural women should be empowered economically and traditional leaders receive education on the risk of harmful cultural practices in the transmission of HIV. Key words Culture, HIV, Fundong, Cameroon
From risk reduction to a landscape of (un)desired outcomes: Climate migrants' perceptions of migration success and failure
Authors: Tubi Amit , Israeli Yael
Published: July 2022

Migration is increasingly viewed an adaptation strategy. Much of the migration-as-adaptation research applies a climate risk analytical lens, examining to what extent migration is a successful/adaptive response that reduces vulnerability or a failed/maladaptive response that increases vulnerability. However, this body of research has largely failed to examine migration outcomes through the eyes of those who migrate, thereby yielding insights that are potentially disconnected from their realities and desirable futures. To address this gap, this study focuses on the case of drought-influenced migration from agro-pastoralist northern Kenya to the City of Nairobi. Applying a thematic analysis based on semi-structured interviews with 38 long-term migrants, we examine how migrants perceive ‘success’ and ‘failure’ in the context of migration as a response to the impacts of drought. The findings show that migrants’ success perceptions focus on the improvement of their families’ economic security, namely fulfilling their basic needs and reconstructing households’ livelihood sources. Another related objective – supporting children’s education – was often perceived as a means to shift the next generation out of agro-pastoralism, a perception that evolved in light of migrants’ experiences in Nairobi. A similar failure theme pertains to migrants’ inability to support their families. However, another predominant theme emphasizes self-failure, mainly as cultural assimilation in Nairobi. Associated with substance abuse and emotional disconnection from the north, assimilation was perceived as a potential trigger of cascading failures, including migrants’ inability to achieve their adaptation-related objectives. As these findings show, success and failure perceptions, including adaptation-related, are mediated by social-cultural factors and are intertwined with migrants’ broader concerns and aspirations. As such concerns and aspirations may shape migrants’ and households’ vulnerability trajectories, research must shift from framing migration narrowly as a climate risk reduction strategy, to conceptualizing it as a process of navigating a landscape of desired and undesired outcomes.