bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Climate Change Awareness Among Farmers of Ife South Local Government Area (LGA) of Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Opeyemi Adenegan
Published: February 2025

This study examines climate change awareness among farmers in Ife South Local Government Area (LGA), Osun State, Nigeria, focusing on their understanding of climate concepts, observed environmental changes, and adaptation strategies. Data was gathered using 300 structured surveys, 30 in-depth interviews, and 30 Participatory Rural Appraisal tools. SPSS was utilised for quantitative analysis, whereas NVivo was employed for qualitative thematic analysis.
Radio and television constituted 60% of farmers' primary sources of climate change information, with 75% of participants acknowledging awareness of it. Environmental indicators revealed warming (85%), sporadic rainfall (80%), and diminished agricultural output (65%). Farmers employed crop diversification (50%) and drought-resistant crops (40%), while 25% took no action.
The study found high irrigation maintenance costs and little government assistance. Thematic analysis identified deforestation as a key cause of climate change and psychological stress and pessimism as prevalent responses. Qualitative and quantitative data points matched across crop failure patterns and adaption barriers. The farmers comprehend the necessities of climate change, although their adaptability is constrained by resource limitations and institutional obstacles. Experience in farming and schooling correlated with heightened awareness and adaptive abilities (p<0.01). Studies indicate that farmers need cost-effective irrigation techniques, education on climate change, and governmental assistance to enhance their resilience. Policymakers and development practitioners may utilise the study's pragmatic recommendations to assist rural agricultural communities in adapting to climate change.
Electrophysical Properties of Al-pge(P-i-n)-au and Au-nsi-al Structural Detectors Prepared on the Basis of Si and Ge
Authors: Ilhom Maripov
Published: February 2025

The scientific significance of the research results is that the energetic properties of Si and Ge, which are the main elements for the preparation of semiconductor detectors based on the Al-pGe(p-i-n)-Auand Au-nSi-Al structures that reflect α and β radiation, and the electrophysical characteristics of the detectors were studied. Such results are explained by their importance in the practical application of various semiconductor devices. The practical significance of the research results lies in the development and implementation of detectors with Al-pGe(p-i-n)-Auand Au-nSi-Al structures based on semiconductor monocrystalline silicon and germanium.
System for Detection and Recognition of Historical Arabic Manuscripts
Authors: A.Alqahtani Abrar , S.Alfahmi Samiah
Published: February 2025

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology automates the extraction and recognition of text from scanned documents or images, leveraging machine learn- ing models trained on standardized datasets. Historical Arabic manuscripts, housed in national libraries and archives around the world, hold immense cultural, religious, and historical significance. However, manual analysis is time-consuming and complex due to the cursive nature of Arabic script, context-dependent char- acter shapes, and document degradation over time. This research aims to develop a robust OCR system for detecting and recognizing text in historical Arabic manuscripts. By training machine learning models on curated datasets, the system will produce accurate digitized text, enabling historians and archaeologists to analyze content efficiently. The deployment and evaluation of the system in real world scenarios will support cultural preservation and enhance historical understanding.
Exploring the Synergy of B, Ce, Ag Dopants in Ternary doped Titanium Dioxide Multifunctional Photocatalysts for Antibiotic Ampicillin Degradation and Degradation Under Solar Light
Authors: Mishra Yash , Mahalingam Hari
Published: February 2025

An eco-friendly, controllable citrate-EDTA complexing sol–gel method is employed to systematically synthesize a series of BxCeyAgzTiO2 ternary doped photocatalysts. The degradation of ampicillin antibiotic, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotic as well as Escherichia coli disinfection under sunlight, is assessed using these synthesized ternary doped photocatalysts. There was an increase 10 percent after monodoping of photocatalyst, 30 percent increase after co doping of the photocatalyst and further performance of the photocatalyst is increased after ternary doping of the catalyst. Total of 5 ternary doped photocatalyst were analyzed whose atomic configuration is as follows(x = 2,y = 0.1,z = 0.06 :: x = 2 y = 0.01,z = 0.06 :: x = 1,y = 1,z = 0.06 :: x = 1,y = 0.1,z = 0.06 :: x = 1,y = 0.1,z = 0.1) in which we can observe there is a variation in the atomic concentration among them. After Physico-chemical characterization of the synthesized catalysts for particle size(DLS analysis), surface area(BET surface area analysis), morphology, crystal structure(XRD analysis), surface chemistry(SEM analysis), bandgap energy values(DRS analysis),leaching studies ,Raman spectrograph and recombination, it is evident that the tri-doping has improved the visible light absorption, reduced the recombination, and promoted higher crystallinity as well as anatase phase content. In comparison of ternary dopedphoto catalyst in terms of disinfection they were more effective by a factor of 15 than mono and co doped photocatalysts. The ternary catalysts also demonstrate an enhanced photocatalytic activity under solar light with regard to the degradation of the chosen antibiotics when compared to the performance of the monodoped,codoped counterparts or the latest generation catalysts from the literature. The highest degradation performance of more than 85 percent was observed under sunlight.
Phytochemical Profiling and Identification of Bioactive Phyto-compounds Present in the Rhizome of Crinum Jagus
Authors: Salsabilu Kabir
Published: February 2025

Phytochemical screening of plant extracts is a promising approach that therapeutically examined bioactive compounds in various plant species. The present study was carried out to screen and identify the bioactive phytocompounds present in the rhizome of Crinum jagus. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids and glycosides. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results present a diverse array of compounds. Each compound was identified by its molecular formula, molecular weight, retention time, and peak area percentage, a total of ten (10) major compounds: Mesitylene, Naphthalene, 1-methyl, Dibutyl phthalate, Linoleic acid ethyl ester, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-butanol, 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl) ethanol, Squalene and Cyclononasiloxane octadecamethyl and ten (10) most bioactive compounds: Alpha. -Terpineol, Piracetam, Dichloroxylenol, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, 1,1'-Biphenyl, 3,3',4,4'-tetramethyl, Cholest-5-ene, 3-methoxy-, (3. beta.), Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Stigmasterol, Gamma. -Sitosterol and Ergosta-4,22-dien-3-one were identified from n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phyto-compounds that have demonstrated some biological activities. These compounds are recognized for their diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, their consistent of detection across different solvents suggests that C. jagus could be a valuable source for pharmacological research due to its diverse phytochemical composition.
Semi-visible jets, energy-based models, and self-supervision
Authors: Favaro Luigi , Krämer Michael , Modak Tanmoy , Plehn Tilman , Rüschkamp Jan
Published: February 2025

We present DarkCLR, a novel framework for detecting semi-visible jets at the LHC. DarkCLR uses a self-supervised contrastive-learning approach to create observables that are approximately invariant under relevant transformations. We use background-enhanced data to create a sensitive representation and evaluate the representations using a CLR-inspired anomaly score and a normalized autoencoder as density estimators. Our results show a remarkable sensitivity for a wide range of semi-visible jets and are more robust than a supervised classifier trained on a specific signal.
LES MALFORMATIONS CONGENITALES : ETUDE EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER MERE ET ENFANT DE NOUAKCHOTT(MAURITANIE) : A PROPOS DE 214 CAS
Authors:   Service de Neonatologie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Abass A.M. , Mohamed Sghair Y. ,   Service de Chirurgie Pediatrique, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Tandia H. ,   Service de Chirurgie Pediatrique, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Ghadour T. ,   Service de Neonatologie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Lemrabott E. ,   Service de Neonatologie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Amar Maouloud D. ,   Service de Reanimation Anesthesie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Sidahmed M. ,   Service de Reanimation Anesthesie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie., Sidatt M. ,   Service de Neonatologie, CH Mere et Enfant, Nouakchott, Mauritanie.
Published: February 2025

Introduction :Les anomalies congenitales sont definies comme des anomalies structurelles ou fonctionnelles qui surviennent durant la vie intra-uterine et peuvent etre identifiees avant la naissance, a la naissance ou plus tard dans la vie. La frequence des malformations congenitales parmi lensemble des grossesses nest pas connue, de nombreuses conceptions donnant lieu a des avortements spontanes precoces. Les malformations congenitales chez les enfants mort-nes et les enfants vivants ne constituent donc quune partie de lensemble des malformations congenitales. Cette etude avait pour but dEvaluer la prevalence, la mortalite et les caracteristiques demographiques des cas danomalies congenitales hospitalises au service de neonatologie et reanimation neonatale du Centre Hospitalier Mere et Enfant de Nouakchott(Mauritanie).

Materiels et Methodes : Etude retrospectivesur dossiers des nouveau-nes hospitalises entre Mars 2020 au Fevrier 2022au service de neonatologie et reanimation neonatale du Centre Hospitalier Mere et Enfant de Nouakchott(Mauritanie).

Resultats : Sur deux annees etudiees nous avons recense 134 cas danomalies isolees et 80 cas danomalies congenitales multiples, soit un total de 214 cas. Les malformations digestives venaient en premier avec 36,2% des cas avec en tete les malformations ano-rectales, suivi des malformations urinaires 15,5%, puis cardiopathies congenitales a 14,2% et les malformations du systeme nerveux central a 10,9% et les malformations ORL a 5%, et par la suite les autres des malformations.Le taux de mortalite etait de 22,3%.

Conclusion :Les anomalies congenitales bien que rares sont dimportantes causes de mortalite, et le depistage antenatal permet den reduire le taux. Des nombreuses malformations ont ete identifies dans notre serie et elles sont responsables dune forte letalite, cependant et pour une meilleure comprehension de ces malformations, les auteurs recommandent lexamen systematique du nouveau-ne a la naissance et la mise en place dun registre des malformations.
EFFECTIVENESS OF SKILL TRAINING ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG B.SC. NURSING 4TH YEAR STUDENTS
Authors:   Department of Mental Health Nursing, State College of Nursing, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India., Joshi Shikha
Published: February 2025

Background:Emotional Intelligence has a significant place in nursing, where compassion and caring are two foundations of the profession. In order to provide compassionate care, nurses must be able to identify, use, manage and understand emotions not only in themselves but also in others. The aim of the study was to assess the emotional intelligence of nursing students and provide an intervention of emotional intelligence skill training program in order to develop emotional intelligence.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of skill training on Emotional intelligence among B.sc. Nursing 4th Year students.

Material and methods: Quantitative approach with time series research design was used in this study. Non-Probability Convenience sampling technique was used to collect data from B.Sc. Nursing 4th year student of SGRR College of Nursing,Dehradun,Uttarakhand. Twenty days of Skill training on Emotional Intelligence were conducted for 1 Hour daily. Data were collected by using Schutte Emotional Inteligence scale and socio demographic profile.

Results: Mean age of study participants was 21.47. Results revealed that asignificant increase in the level of Emotional Intelligence with a mean difference (MD) of 15.44 and f value is 78.33 which is greater than the tabulated value of 3.00 which was found significant at p=0.001.

Conclusion: This study concluded that skill training is an effective method in increasing the level of Emotional intelligence among Nursing students.It is cost effective and can be done any time.
Effect of grey water reuse on hydraulic performance of water supply pipes networks
Authors: Mohamed Hassan I. , Ali Nashaat A. , Abdel-Hafez Ebtehal Atif
Published: February 2025

Water shortage and performance decline of the water supply pipe network have increased the challenges of accessing satisfactory water services. Reusing grey is considered a solution to this situation. In the present study, the effect of using grey water on the hydraulic performance of the water supply pipe network is investigated. Three scenarios for greywater recycling are studied: the no greywater reuse scenario, the satellite scenario, and the on-site scenario for two water feeding systems, i.e., with and without roof tanks. Hydraulic analysis of these scenarios is carried out by simulating a case study pipe network using the WaterGEMS software. On-site and satellite greywater reuse systems significantly increased the pressure head by 18 and 20%, respectively, at peak consumption. Reusing treated grey water also significantly reduced velocity values in the network, with velocities less than 0.5 m/s in some pipes even at peak consumption, making these pipes vulnerable to sedimentation. Furthermore, the performance was simulated under a break in crucial pipes, showing that greywater reuse significantly enhanced the network's reliability. The study also examined different ratios of water consumption reduction and treated greywater reuse through fourteen scenarios, indicating that reusing greywater along with a water consumption reduction plan reduced water needs by 42.8%.
Психологические и психобиологические подходы к изучению поведения подростков в цифровой среде
Authors: Каменская Валентина Г.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The volume of the Internet audience is rapidly growing, which encourages psychologists and medicals to study Internet addiction, psychology and psychobiology of overly Internet-addicted individuals. Internet addiction has a number of specific properties, but it has common features with chemical addictions. The question of the differential diagnosis of Internet addiction and the validity of its inclusion in the glossary of neuropsychiatric diseases remains open. The aim of the study is a theoretical analysis of the similarities and differences of dependence on digital media in comparison with chemical forms of addiction, the development of methods for differential diagnosis of Internet addiction. Theoretical justification. Neuroplasticity and interactions of genes with the environment, identified in patients with mental and neuropsychiatric disorders of an affective nature, are considered as mechanisms for the transition of excessive Internet involvement into Internet addiction. Neuroplasticity and genetic control of dopamine synthesis and metabolism in cyber-gaming have been founded to be important. Dopamine regulates emotional experiences and cognitive functions characteristic of Internet addicts. In previous studies, we experimentally confirmeda high correlation the R-R-intervals fluctuations as a marks of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, which is involved in the formation of negative emotions and reactions to stress, and the behavior of adolescents on the Internet. Discussion. The main directions of the development of differential diagnosis of Internet addiction are psychodiagnostics of adolescents' behavior on the Internet and their individual and personal characteristics, psychophysiological study of the characteristics of ANS in relation with the behavior of adolescents on the Internet.
Estudo e implementação de controladores fuzzy e pid para controle de direção e velocidade de um agv com visão computacional
Authors:   , Bastos Fellipe Fonseca
Published: February 2025

A diminuição dos custos de fabricação de componentes eletrônicos, o surgimento de novas tecnologias e áreas de pesquisa, e a necessidade de mão de obra de baixo custo vêm impulsionando a construção de robôs móveis e favorecendo sua disseminação em vários setores, principalmente no setor industrial. Entre os robôs móveis, os Veículos Guiados Automaticamente (AGV - Automated Guided Vehicle em inglês) estão ganhando espaço no setor industrial por diminuírem custos e aumentarem a produtividade. Os AGVs são robôs utilizados para locomover equipamentos e peças no chão de fábrica e não necessitam de supervisão humana. O desenvolvimento de um controlador Fuzzy em conjunto com controladores Proporcional Integral Derivativo (PID), a utilização de câmera digital e a aplicação de técnicas de visão computacional podem ser utilizadas para auxiliar AGVs nos deslocamentos, evitando colisões e divergências das marcações de trajeto. Com base nos fatos apresentados, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar e implementar um sistema de controle de direção e velocidade baseado em controladores Fuzzy e PID para um robô móvel experimental. Neste robô serão utilizados uma câmera digital e técnicas de visão computacional para detectar percursos a serem seguidos. A metodologia empregada consiste em desenvolver um algoritmo que capture as imagens e, a partir de técnicas de processamento de imagem, entregue uma imagem segmentada por binarização que permita encontrar o centro da trilha a ser seguida. Estas informações são tratadas em um controlador Fuzzy que determina a direção do robô ao variar a velocidade de cada roda. Controladores PID são utilizados para garantir a velocidade individual dos motores e consequentemente das rodas. Por fim, são utilizadas noções básicas de odometria para recriar o trajeto percorrido pelo robô e assim comparar com o trajeto real. Dessa forma, o controlador Fuzzy em conjunto com os controladores PID foram capazes de controlar o robô durante toda trajetória, favorecendo seu alinhamento com o centro da trilha
A randomized controlled clinical study of Amrutprabha Gutika in the management of Kaphaja Kasa
Authors: Himanshi  , Susheel Shetty  , K. Kiran
Published: February 2025

Background: Kaphaja Kasa is one of the five types of Kasa, where Kasa Vega is associated with Prabhuta-Snigda-Ghana-Kapha Nisteevana. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of two Ayurvedic formulations, Amrutprabha Gutika which was unexplored Aushadha Yoga explained in Yogachintamani, Gutikaadhikara and Lavangadi Gutika explained in Vaidhyajivanam, Swasakasa Chikitsa in the management of Kaphaja Kasa. Materials and Methods: 60 patients fulfilling the Diagnostic and Inclusion criteria were selected for a Single Blind Comparative study, they were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups A & B, Group A and Group B received Amrutprabha Gutika and Lavangadi Gutika respectively in the dosage of 500mg, one tablet, twice daily, after food with Ushnodaka (lukewarm water) for 30 days, Assessment was done at baseline i.e.; 0th day, 16th day, after treatment on 31st day and after follow up on 46th day. Results: While comparing both the drugs clinically, Amrutprabha Gutika and Lavangadi Gutika showed effective results in Kaphaja Kasa. On statistically comparison within the groups, both the groups showed significant effect in Kasavega, Kapha Nisteevana, Aasyamadhuryata, Aruchi, Peenasa, Angagourava, TC, DC, ESR, AEC in both the groups. Conclusion: On statistical comparison between the two groups there is neither significant difference between Amrutprabha Gutika nor Amrutprabha Gutika is better than Lavangadi Gutika.
An Ayurvedic Approach in Improving the Quality of Life in Atypical Parkinsonism - A Case Report
Authors: Athira T. Sasidharan  , Dileep KS  , PV Giri
Published: February 2025

Atypical parkinsonism is another form of parkinsonism, which is having a more widespread pathology than seen in Parkinson’s disease. A group of neurodegenerative conditions including Multiple system atrophy (MSA), Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) constitute this form of parkinsonism. Due to the widespread pathology including degeneration of striatum, globus pallidus, cerebellum, and brainstem, as well as the SNc, the clinical features tend to resemble to that of Parkinson’s disease, but different manifestations are seen. Early involvement of speech and gait, absence of rest tremor, lack of motor asymmetry are the clinical presentations seen in patients with atypical parkinsonism. Additionally, poor or no response to levodopa, and a more aggressive clinical course also differs it from Parkinson’s disease. Initially, the diagnosis is difficult, but as the disease progress, a clear diagnosis can be obtained. A 64-year-old male patient was admitted to Kayachikitsa IPD complaining of difficulty in walking, slowness of activities, whole body numbness, tremor of hands and chronic constipation. On examination, extrapyramidal signs were positive, sensory system was not much affected, hyperreflexia and decreased muscle bulk was noted. Unified MSA rating scale was used to assess the change in quality of life before and after treatment. Vatavyadhi and Gulma Chikitsa was adopted. Procedures such as Churnapinda Sweda, Sirodhara, Vasti, Nasya were done. Walking and tremor of hands improved significantly. Mild decrease in whole body numbness, overall increase in body strength were obtained.
Clinical management of Psoriasis (Eka Kushtha) through Ayurvedic interventions: A case study highlighting the efficacy of Shila Sindura and Integrative Therapies
Authors: Usha Lande  , Dilip Prajapati  , Raju Thomas  , BJ Patgiri
Published: February 2025

Background: Psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune condition, manifests as erythemato-squamous lesions with significant physical and psychological distress. In Ayurveda, psoriasis can be correlated with Eka Kushtha, primarily caused by vitiated Vata and Kapha Doshas. This case study evaluates the efficacy of an Ayurvedic intervention comprising Shila Sindura, Bakuchi Rasayana, and adjunct therapies in the management of Eka Kushtha (psoriasis). Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male presented with an 8-year history of extensive red and white scaly plaques affecting his feet, knees, hands, elbows, and upper back. Symptoms included severe itching, burning sensations, and joint stiffness. Despite prior treatments, recurrence persisted. Clinical assessment using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) revealed a baseline score of 26.4. Treatment Protocol: The patient underwent a one-month Ayurvedic regimen consisting of Shila Sindura (250 mg BD), Bakuchi Rasayana (750 mg BD), and Avipattikara Churna (3 g BD). External applications included Gandhaka Malahara and Jatyadi Taila. Dietary modifications and lifestyle adjustments were emphasized to complement treatment. Out Comes: Follow-up assessments demonstrated significant clinical improvement, with the PASI score decreasing from 26.4 to 1.0 after two months. Marked reductions in erythema, scaling, and plaque thickness were observed across all body regions. Hematological and biochemical parameters remained stable, with minor fluctuations in renal and hepatic markers, warranting continued monitoring. Conclusion: This case study highlights the potential of Ayurvedic management for psoriasis, emphasizing systemic detoxification, dosha balancing, and localized care. Future controlled clinical trials are recommended to validate these findings and further explore the mechanisms of action.
Integrative Naturopathic Management of Alcohol-Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report
Authors: Suhas B  , Vineetha AN  , Nitesh MK  , Vanitha Shetty  , Prajwal HM
Published: February 2025

A 40-year-old male presented with thrombocytopenia and chronic alcoholism at Alva’s Anandamaya Arogydhama. The patient had a platelet count of 68,000 cells/mcL, accompanied by general weakness, disturbed sleep, and a long history of alcohol and tobacco use. Upon admission, he discontinued alcohol and tobacco and underwent a 14-day naturopathic inpatient program. Treatment included foot reflexology, hot foot immersion baths, massages, and dietary adjustments emphasizing raw juices, nuts, vegetables, and excluding processed foods, refined sugars, and alcohol. Additionally, daily yoga and pranayama were incorporated. Following the intervention, the patient’s platelet count improved to 160,000 cells/mcL, with reductions in cholesterol, triglycerides, liver enzymes, fasting blood sugar, weight, and BMI. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of an integrated naturopathic approach for thrombocytopenia and highlights the potential benefits of lifestyle modification and detoxification in patients with chronic alcohol use. Findings suggest that comprehensive naturopathic care may support sustainable health improvements in similar cases.
A randomized controlled clinical study of Marichadi Kwatha in the management of Janusandhigata Vata
Authors: Shabna Rani  , Surekha Pai  , K. Kiran
Published: February 2025

Background: Sandhigata Vata is a type of Vatavyadhi where the vitiated vata dosha specifically affects the joints with symptoms of Sandhishoola, Atopa Shopha, and Prasarana Aakunchana Vedana. Osteoarthritis mainly targets the knee joint, hip joint and certain small joints. OA is an important cause of disability and the second most common musculoskeletal problem in the world (30%) after back pain (50%). Hence Marichadi Kwatha and Rasnapanchaka Kwatha taken for present clinical study and results compared for checking the efficacy in Janusandhigata Vata. Methodology: 60 patients fulfilling the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were selected for a single blind randomized controlled clinical study. They were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups Group A and Group B. Group A subjects received Marichadi Kwatha in a dosage of 25ml Kwatha with 3ml Koshna Tila Taila twice daily after food for 30 days. Group B subjects received Rasnapanchaka Kwatha 25ml Kwatha with 3ml Koshna Tila Taila twice daily after food with for 30 days. Assessment was done on 0th day, 16th day, 31st day and 46th day. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in all parameters based on clinical evaluation. However, within each group, analysis showed significant changes in most parameters with the exception of Atopa. When comparing both groups, there were no significant differences found. Conclusion: Both Marichadi Kwatha and Rasnapanchaka Kwatha showed significant effect in all parameters except in Atopa. On statistical comparison between the two groups there were no significant difference in the effect of both Marichadi Kwatha and Rasnapanchaka Kwatha.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP SELF-EFFICACY DAN KEMANDIRIAN PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI PADA MATERI ASAM BASA
Authors: Dewi Safira Eka , Salirawati Das
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) ada tidaknya pengaruh penerapan model PBL terhadap efikasi diri dan kemandirian serta (2) ada tidaknya peningkatan efikasi diri dan kemandirian peserta didik kelas XI pada materi Asam Basa di SMA Negeri di Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre-eksperimen yang menggunakan One-Group Pretest-Posttest dengan variabel bebas berupa model PBL, variabel terikat berupa efikasi diri dan kemandirian yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk kategori. Sampel penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri di Bantul yang terdiri dari 1 kelas penelitian. Efikasi diri dan kemandirian diukur dengan menggunakan angket yang telah divalidasi oleh satu dosen ahli untuk mengetahui kelayakan instrumen. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Analisis data menggunakan paired sample t-test diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0.049 untuk efikasi diri peserta didik, artinya ada perbedaan efikasi diri awal dan akhir peserta didik yang menggunakan model PBL. Kemandirian mempunyai nilai signifikan sebesar 0.377, artinya tidak ada perbedaan kemandirian awal dan akhir peserta didik yang menggunakan model PBL.
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI TERMOKIMIA MENGGUNAKAN TES DIAGNOSTIK PADA PESERTA DIDIK SMA KELAS XI MIPA
Authors: Widyaningsih Ririn , Aloysius Heru Pratomo
Published: February 2025

Miskonsepsi masih menjadi topik yang banyak diteliti sampai saat ini. Menganalisis miskonsepsi dapat membantu untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan peserta didik pada suatu materi pembelajaran tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis miskonsepsi yang dialami peserta didik dalam materi termokimia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode survey. Untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi, peneliti menggunakan tes diagnostik berupa tes pilihan ganda dengan alasan terbuka. Populasi sebanyak 144 peserta didik dan diambil 70 peserta didik dijadikan sampel penelitian yang diambil menggunakan teknik random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif yang diinterpretasikan dalam bentuk persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta didik mengalami miskonsepsi tertinggi pada konsep penulisan persamaan termokimia dan simbol perubahan entalpi.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN VIRTUAL LABORATORY TERHADAP SELF-REGULATED LEARNING SISWA KELAS X PADA MATERI REAKSI REDOKS
Authors: Putri Karinez Leony Inaya , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengaruh penerapan virtual laboratory terhadap self-regulated learning siswa dan besarnya sumbangan efektif penerapan virtual laboratory terhadap self-regulated learning siswa pada materi reaksi redoks. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experiment dengan desain pretest-posttest control group. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA yang terdiri dari kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian meliputi angket, lembar observasi, dan soal pretest-posttest. Analisis data menggunakan uji independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan virtual laboratory terhadap self-regulated learning siswa, sedangkan sumbangan efektif penerapan virtual laboratory dianalisis dengan effect size Cohen’s d. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan self-regulated learning antara kelas yang menerapkan virtual laboratory dengan kelas yang tidak menerapkan virtual laboratory pada materi reaksi redoks, dimana penerapan virtual laboratory dapat meningkatkan self-regulated learning siswa. Selain itu, sumbangan efektif yang diperoleh dari penerapan virtual laboratory terhadap self-regulated learning siswa pada materi reaksi redoks yaitu sebesar 48%.
Efikasi Diri Calon Guru untuk Mendesain Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis Konteks Socio-Scientific Issues
Authors: Fitri Hajidah Salsabila Allissa , Wiyarsi Antuni
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kategori awal efikasi diri calon guru untuk mendesain pembelajaran kimia berbasis konteks socio-scientific issues (SSI). Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan metode penelitian survei dengan sampelnya yaitu 262 calon guru kimia yang sedang melakukan studi di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional design. Hasil data dianalisis menggunakan kategori penilaian ideal dan one way anova. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 85% calon guru kimia memiliki efikasi diri sangat tinggi untuk mendesain pembelajaran kimia berbasis konteks SSI, 6% dalam kategori tinggi, 8% dalam kategori sedang, dan 1% memiliki efikasi diri rendah. Tingginya efikasi diri menjadi modal yang baik dan memberikan harapan terwujudnya guru-guru kimia yang profesional untuk mendesain pembelajaran kimia berbasis konteks SSI.
Pengembangan Infografis Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium sebagai Media Pembelajaran Kimia Tingkat SMA untuk Mendukung Literasi Informasi Kimia
Authors: Wardhana Wisnu , Purtadi Sukisman
Published: February 2025

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kebutuhan guru, laboran dan peserta didik terhadap media infografis keselamatan laboratorium, serta menentukan karakteristik dan kelayakan media hasil pengembangan. Penelitian ini menerapkan Design Based Research (DBR) yang terdiri dari tahap (1) identifikasi masalah; (2) pengembangan desain; (3) siklus berulang; (4) refleksi. Analisis kebutuhan dilakukan pada 20 peserta didik, 5 laboran, dan 5 guru SMA di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Konten produk divalidasi oleh dosen jurusan kimia serta diujikan ke 10 reviewer dan 5 peer reviewer. Uji keterbacaan dilakukan terhadap 20 peserta didik SMA di Kabupaten Bantul. Hasil pengembangan diperoleh infografis yang memuat tentang keselamatan kerja di laboratorium dengan lima topik bahasan, yaitu aturan laboratorium kimia, kebakaran, bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3), limbah B3, dan penanganan luka bakar. Karakteristik infografis tersebut diantaranya: 1) dibuat dengan jenis flat design; 2) mempunyai barcode untuk memuat materi lengkap; 3) disertai statistik dan persentase; 4) materi infografis berisi fakta, mitos, perbandingan, dan solusi alternatif. Kualitas infografis setelah direview tergolong kategori Sangat Baik (SB) dengan rerata skor 68,1 dan respon peserta didik tergolong kategori Sangat Baik (SB) dengan rerata skor 52,8.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Socio-Scientific Issue Dalam Rangka Mendukung Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Materi Hidrokarbon dan Minyak Bumi Siswa SMA/MA Kelas XI
Authors: Jayanti Asti Aulia , Dina Dina
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan video berbasis socio-scientific issues sebagai media pembelajaran pembangunan berkelanjutan materi hidrokarbon dan minyak bumi bagi siswa SMA/MA kelas XI. Pengembangan dilakukan dengan desain exploratory sequential dengan subjek penelitian terdiri dari 5 guru kimia dan 31 siswa SMA/MA di Yogyakarta. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan metode studi pustaka dan instrumen angket. Hasil pengembangan berupa video pembelajaran yang berisi tiga materi utama hidrokarbon dan minyak bumi sesuai dengan yang tercantum dalam kurikulum. Video dapat diakses secara daring melalui platform Youtube atau memindahkan file menggunakan USB/bluetooth. Hasil uji keterbacaan oleh siswa menunjukkan kategori sangat layak dengan rerata persentase keidealan 79,07% dan analisis angket penelitian menyatakan video tersebut layak digunakan sebagai sumber informasi yang berbasis socio-scientific issues oleh guru kimia dan siswa SMA.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) KIMIA KELAS XI SMA BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING SESUAI KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Nadhifa Essa Rahma
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan kelayakan LKPD kimia kelas XI SMA berbasis PBL sesuai kurikulum merdeka berdasarkan penilaian guru, serta respon dan keterbacaan LKPD berdasarkan respon peserta didik. Pengembangan LKPD dilakukan dengan model 4D yang terdiri dari tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (desain), pengembangan (develop), dan penyebarluasan (disseminate). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi angket terbuka, lembar tinjauan peer reviewer, lembar validasi ahli pembelajaran kimia, angket kelayakan guru, dan angket respon dan keterbacaan peserta didik. Uji kelayakan LKPD dilakukan oleh 5 guru kimia SMA serta uji respon dan keterbacaan dilakukan oleh 24 siswa kelas XI MIPA. Hasil pengembangan berupa buku cetak dengan sintaks model pembelajaran PBL yang terdiri dari sembilan kegiatan belajar pada lima materi kimia meliputi perhitungan kimia, ikatan kimia, termokimia, laju reaksi dan kesetimbangan kimia. Uji kelayakan menunjukkan skor rata-rata sebesar 92 dari 105 dan persentase ideal 87,6% termasuk dalam kategori “sangat baik”. Adapun hasil uji respon dan keterbacaan siswa diperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 67 dari 75 dan persentase ideal sebesar 89% termasuk dalam kategori “sangat baik”.
PENGEMBANGAN MONOGRAF “AUGMENTED CHEMISTRY ALDEHIDA & KETON” BERILUSTRASI 3 DIMENSI (3D) SEBAGAI SUPLEMEN PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Damayanti Latifah Adelina , Ikhsan Jaslin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan monograf “Augmented Chemistry Aldehida Keton” berilustrasi 3 Dimensi (3D) sebagai suplemen pembelajaran Kimia serta menentukan kualitas monograf berdasarkan penilaian lima guru kimia SMA di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE. Produk awal ditinjau oleh dosen pembimbing, satu orang ahli materi, satu orang ahli media, dan tiga peer reviewer. Kualitas monograf dinilai menggunakan instrumen yang terdiri dari 5 aspek penilaian, yaitu aspek kelayakan isi/materi, penyajian, bahasa dan gambar, kegrafikaan, serta rekayasa perangkat lunak. Data yang diperoleh berupa data kualitatif yang kemudian dikonversi menjadi data kuantitatif untuk menentukan kualitas monograf yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian berupa monograf berjudul “Augmented Chemistry Aldehida Keton” dengan ilustrasi 3D dan berbasis Augmented Reality yang dilengkapi dengan marker. Berdasarkan penilaian kelima reviewer, buku pengayaan ini mempunyai kualitas sangat baik sehingga layak digunakan sebagai sumber  belajar kimia.
Inovasi Pembelajaran Kimia Berorientasi SDGs Pada Materi Konsep Mol Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Sistem
Authors: Aini Habibah Nur , Sari Rr. Lis Permana
Published: February 2025

Kimia merupakan mata pelajaran yang abstrak dan sulit dipahami. Indikator terpenting dalam keberhasilan belajar kimia adalah dengan memahami konsep kimia dan mengaitkan konsep kimia dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelajaran kimia merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran sebagai sarana untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran pembangunan berkelanjutan (Sustainable Development Goals). Konsep dalam pembelajaran kimia erat hubungannya dengan lingkungan sehingga dapat merangsang siswa dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan lingkungan sekitar menggunakan konsep kimia. Kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah akan berkembang apabila siswa dilatih berpikir secara sistemik atau yang biasa disebut kemampuan berpikir sistem. Berpikir sistem terdapat berbagai skala, termasuk dimensi makroskopik, submikroskopik, simbolik, dan human element. Keempat dimensi ini disebut sebagai mahaffy’s tetrahedral. Berbagai penelitian menyebutkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran yang merepresentasikan tetrahedral kimia sebagai skala dalam berpikir sistem memberikan hasil capaian yang baik. Artikel ini akan mengkaji tentang inovasi pembelajaran kimia berbasis Pembangunan berkelanjutan untuk penguatan berpikir sistem siswa. Melalui artikel ini diharapkan pendidik dapat menyisipkan dan menerapkan prinsip Pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam pembelajaran kimia untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir sistem siswa.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis pada Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Putri Rizka Maylaffayza , Arianingrum Retno
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan uji keterbacaan e-LKPD berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada pembelajaran kesetimbangan kimia. Penelitian pengembangan berikut dilakukan dengan mengadopsi model 4D yang terdiri dari empat tahapan, yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan lima guru kimia, angket analisis kebutuhan peserta didik, lembar validasi kepada dua ahli media dan materi, angket kepraktisan diberikan kepada lima guru kimia, serta angket keterbacaan peserta didik diberikan kepada 60 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri di Yogyakarta. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan dengan angket berskala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-LKPD dinyatakan layak oleh validator ahli media dan materi dengan revisi sesuai saran. Hasil uji kepraktisan menunjukkan e-LKPD memiliki tingkat kepraktisan 88% dengan kategori sangat baik dan hasil keterbacaan mendapat skor sebesar 86% dengan kategori sangat baik.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MATERI KIMIA LINGKUNGAN DENGAN SIKAP SADAR LINGKUNGAN SISWA SMA
Authors: Rahmawati Dita , Budimarwanti Cornelia
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dan pengaruh kemampuan kognitif kimia dengan sikap sadar lingkungan siswa, serta untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat kelas dengan sikap sadar lingkungan siswa SMA MIPA di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif jenis survei dengan populasi sejumlah 5349 siswa dan diambil 390 siswa sebagai sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan kognitif materi kimia lingkungan dan angket sikap sadar lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kemampuan kognitif kimia lingkungan dengan sikap sadar lingkungan siswa secara signifikan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,119. Adapun pengaruh kemampuan kognitif kimia lingkungan terhadap sikap sadar lingkungan memiliki kontribusi sebesar 3,4%, sedangkan tingkat kelas memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,135 terhadap sikap sadar lingkungan siswa. Secara berurutan, perbedaan antara tingkat kelas dengan sikap sadar lingkungan dan kemampuan kognitif kimia lingkungan siswa siswa dimulai dari urutan terendah yaitu kelas X, XI, dan XII.
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI ASAM BASA DENGAN THREE-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST MENGGUNAKAN CERTAINTY RESPONSE INDEX
Authors: Lumadya Sih Agung , Wiyarsi Antuni
Published: February 2025

Soal tes bertingkat dapat digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat pemahaman siswa pada materi asam basa. Salah satu kategori pemahaman siswa dapat diketahui dari tingkat miskonsepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan profil tingkat pemahaman siswa kelas XII pada materi asam basa, menentukan persentase miskonsepsi tiap topik asam basa, dan menentukan profil miskonsepsi siswa kelas XII pada materi asam basa. Penelitian dilakukan di empat SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Kulon Progo pada bulan November 2023 dengan responden sejumlah 264 siswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan three-tier multiple choice test dengan Certainty Response Index (CRI) yang terdiri dari 17 butir soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 42,80% siswa tidak paham konsep asam basa dan 36,83% lainnya mengalami miskonsepsi. Persentase miskonsepsi terbesar teridentifikasi pada konsep perhitungan pH asam basa sebesar 41,67% dan konsep asam basa 39,90%.
PROFIL TINGKAT KECEMASAN BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA KELAS XII IPA SEMESTER 1 PADA SMA NEGERI DI KABUPATEN KLATEN
Authors: Rahmawati Linda Azizah , Aloysius Heru Pratomo
Published: February 2025

Difficulties and failures in learning chemistry can lead to chemophobia or chemistry learning anxiety among students.. This study aims to measure the level of learning anxiety among 12th-grade science students in the odd semester of chemistry learning. This is a non-intervention quantitative study using a survey method. The result showed that the average level of learning anxiety among 12th-grade science students in the odd semester of chemistry learning was in the low category. Specifically, the distribution of anxiety levels is as follows: very high (2,63%); high (9,63%); moderately anxious (20,57%); low (42,01%); and very low (25,16%). These findings indicate that although a small portion of students experience high anxiety, the majority of students have a low level of anxiety in learning chemistry. These findings can serve as a basis of designing more effective teaching strategies to reduce anxiety about learning chemistry among students.
PENERAPAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL KIMIA SISWA
Authors: Nurhananti Dinda Aryuni , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan model cooperative learning tipe group investigation (GI) terhadap kemampuan spasial kimia siswa, serta menganalisis perubahan kemampuan spasial kimia siswa sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran pada materi geometri molekul. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari dua kelas penelitian yang melibatkan 72 siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent sample t-test untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan cooperative learning tipe GI dan uji Wilcoxon digunakan untuk menganalisis perubahan kemampuan spasial kimia siswa pada sebelum dan sesudah adanya penerapan pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan spasial kimia siswa yang menerapkan cooperative learning tipe GI. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan spasial kimia siswa sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, penerapan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe group investigation dapat memberikan pengaruh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan spasial kimia siswa SMA pada materi geometri molekul.
MenstLLaMA: A Specialized Large Language Model for Menstrual Health Education in India (Preprint)
Authors: Adhikary Prottay Kumar , Motiyani Isha , Oke Gayatri , Joshi Maithili , Pathak Kanupriya , Singh Salam Michael , Chakraborty Tanmoy
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The quality and accessibility of menstrual health education in developing nations, including India, remain inadequate due to challenges such as poverty, social stigma, and gender inequality. While community-driven initiatives aim to raise awareness, artificial intelligence (AI) offers a scalable solution for disseminating accurate information. However, existing general-purpose large language models (LLMs) are ill-suited for this task, suffering from low accuracy, cultural insensitivity, and overly complex responses. To address these limitations, we developed MenstLLaMA, a specialized LLM tailored to the Indian context, designed to deliver menstrual health education empathetically, supportively, and accessible.

OBJECTIVE

To develop and evaluate MesnstLLaMA, a specialized LLM tailored to deliver accurate, culturally sensitive menstrual health education, and to assess its effectiveness compared to existing general-purpose models.

METHODS

We curated a novel, domain-specific dataset and benchmarked state-of-the-art LLMs to develop MenstLLaMA, an empathic companion model. The evaluation employed an open-label benchmark design with a four-stage framework: (1) overlap with ground truth, (2) clinical relevance, (3) response diversity, and (4) user satisfaction. A panel of clinical experts (N=1,18) conducted expert evaluations, while participants (N=1,200) interacted with chatbots, including MenstLLaMA, in 15–20-minute randomized sessions for user satisfaction assessment.

RESULTS

MenstLLaMA was compared against state-of-the-art general-purpose LLMs such as GPT-4o, Claude-3, and Mistral using automated and human-based metrics. MenstLLaMA achieved the highest BLEU score (0.059) and BERTScore (0.911), outperforming competitors without requiring few-shot learning. Clinical experts consistently rated its responses superior to gold-standard answers. User case studies revealed high ratings in Understandability (4.7/5) and Relevance (4.3/5), with a moderate rating in Context Sensitivity (3.9/5).

CONCLUSIONS

MenstLLaMA demonstrates exceptional accuracy, empathy, and user satisfaction in menstrual health education, bridging critical gaps left by general-purpose LLMs. Its potential for integration into broader health education platforms positions it as a transformative tool for menstrual well-being. Future research may explore its long-term impact on public perception and menstrual hygiene practices.