bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tactile Maps of Canada, Charlottetown
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Charlottetown. Tactile map scale. 1.7 centimetres = 5 kilometres North arrow pointing to the north. Charlottetown and surrounding area. Hillsborough River, Hillsborough Bay, Northumberland Straight, and the Gulf of St Lawrence are shown with a
wavy symbol to indicate water. Main roads, routes 1, 2, and 15. A circle with a dot in the middle to indicate a bus station at the southern part of the city and another circle with the shape of an airplane in it to indicate an airport to the north of the city. Tactile maps are designed with Braille,
large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political
boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major
cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in
the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Québec
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Québec. Tactile map scale. 2 centimetres = 3 kilometres North arrow pointing to the north. Québec and surrounding area. The St. Lawrence River is shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. Main roads, routes 20, 40, 73, 138, 173, 175,
573. A circle with a dot in the middle to indicate a bus station is located in the east end of the city. A circle with a cross in it to indicate a Via Rail station is located in the east end next to the bus station. A circle with the shape of an airplane indicates an airport located in the west end
of the city. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps
of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually
impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in
Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Whitehorse
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Whitehorse. Tactile map scale. 1.7 centimetres = 2 kilometres North arrow pointing to the north. Whitehorse and surrounding area. Main road, Alaska Highway route 1. Rivers and lakes. Airport. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text,
and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries,
lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by
providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown
area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Dawson
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Dawson. Tactile map scale. 1.7 centimetres = 2 kilometres North arrow. Region includes Yukon River, Dawson. Klondike Highway. Airport. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision
users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile
Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other
features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Whitehorse
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Whitehorse. Tactile map scale. 2.0 centimetres = 100 metres North arrow pointing to the north. Whitehorse downtown detail is coded with type and Braille expanded in the PDF file. Main streets are coded with type and Braille expanded in the PDF
file. Secondary streets are not labelled. The Yukon River runs along the east side of the map shown with a wavy symbol to indicate water. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection
includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions,
relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a
city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Rock Types
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Rock Types. Map scale. North arrow pointing to the north. Map projection is Hammer-Aitoff. Border of Canada. Great Lakes Border for each theme category within Canada. Neat line around the map. Each theme category is identified by a number that
corresponds to the legend. Legend is divided into three categories: Metamorphic rocks, Deformed Sedimentary and Igneous rocks, Flat Lying Sedimentary rocks. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada
collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing
climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the
downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Vegetation
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Vegetation. Map scale. North arrow pointing to the north. Map projection is Hammer-Aitoff. Border of Canada. Great Lakes Border for each theme category within Canada. Neat line around the map. Each theme category is identified by a number that
corresponds to the legend. Legend is divided into seven categories: Tundra, West coast forest, Cordilleran vegetation, Boreal and Taiga forest, Grassland, Mixed forest, Deciduous forest. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision
users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile
Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other
features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Soil Types
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Soil Types. Map scale. North arrow pointing to the north. Map projection is Hammer-Aitoff. Border of Canada. Great Lakes Border for each theme category within Canada. Neat line around the map. Each theme category is identified by a number that
corresponds to the legend. Legend is divided into four categories: Tundra soils, Wet-climate soils, Dry-climate soils, Complex soils of mountain areas. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada
collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing
climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the
downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.
Tactile Maps of Canada, Physiographic Regions
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation
Published: March 2021

The map title is Physiographic Regions. Map scale. North arrow pointing to the north. Map projection is Hammer-Aitoff. Border of Canada. Great Lakes Border for each theme category within Canada. Neat line around the map. Each theme category is identified by a
number that corresponds to the legend. Legend is divided into seven categories: Innuitian Mountains, Arctic Lowlands, Western Cordillera, Interior Plains, Canadian Shield, Appalachians, Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for
visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major
cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about
streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown
area.
Prairie Provinces
Authors:   Centre for Topographic Information
Published: March 2021

A political map of the Prairie Provinces showing boundaries, the provincial capitals, selected populated places with names, selected drainage with names and selected roads.
Table of Contents Vol 76, No 4 (2020)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Aphrodisiac potential of Polyalthia bullata (Tongkat Ali) in fowl
Authors: Vejayan Jaya , Yahya Yasmin Amira Che , Chakravarthi Srikumar , Ibrahim Halijah , Yun Aida
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To study the aphrodisiac potential of Polyalthia (P.) bullata in fowl.

Methods:

In this study, testosterone, as an indicator of the aphrodisiac potential of P. bullata, was investigated for its release from TM3 Leydig cells grown in vitro and in 4 fowls given capsules containing P. bullata at a dose of 10 mg in each capsule twice a day, for 50 days. In the latter in vivo evaluation, mating behaviours were additionally determined after the treated fowls were released to the individual hens, and their testes and liver were dissected for histological examinations. Blood drawn from the fowls was assessed for any changes in diagnostic parameters.

Results:

In the in vitro test (TM3 Leydig cells), P. bullata was able to increase testosterone to 0.48 nmol/L within 72 h of incubation, compared to the untreated control with only 0.18 nmol/L, i.e., an increase of 170%. In the in vivo test, outcomes in the fowls dosed with P. bullata showed similar positive elevations of testosterone to (9.72±1.10) nmol/L in comparison to the controls that showed a level of only (4.05±0.84) nmol/L. Total frequencies of mating behaviours were observed (wing flapping, body shakes, crowing and beak pecking) to be 23 counts for the test compared to only 15 for the control fowls. Histological examination of the male reproductive organs provided evidence of testosterone boosting based on an observable increase in the activity at the seminiferous tubules of testis tissues without any damaging effects, compared to the controls. In the nine diagnostic blood parameters assessed, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma glutamyltransferase, none was remarkably elevated compared to the controls. The histological changes in the liver were not severe and mainly consisted of only localized moderate but recoverable obstructions and swellings of the vessels and tubules.

Conclusions:

P. bullata is able to boost testosterone both in vitro and in vivo, with no acute toxicities.
Clinical value of neuronavigation combined with a fluorescent staining technique during microsurgery for treating supratentorial glioma
Authors: Yang Fugang , Xu Chengshi , Ma Chao , Zhao Yuhang , Li Zhiqiang
Published: March 2021

Background and Aim:

Many studies have demonstrated the value of neuronavigation guided by fluorescence staining for treating glioma patients. Here, we compared the rate of overall survival (OS) and the extent of tumor resection among patients who underwent surgery with neuronavigation and fluorescence versus conventional techniques.

Materials and Methods:

In this case-control observational study, data from 162 patients with supratentorial glioma who underwent surgery from January 2016 to November 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, including a neuronavigation and fluorescence treatment group (combined group, n = 53) and a conventional microsurgery group (control group, n = 109). The extent of tumor resection, World Health Organization (WHO) pathological grade, eloquent areas involved, tumor diameter, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status score, underlying diseases, chemotherapy, hospitalization days, length of operation, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative molecular pathological indictors were recorded. OS rates were compared using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (approval No. 2019048).

Results:

The total resection rate was 60.4% in the combined group and 27.5% in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that involvement of eloquent areas (odds ratio [OR] = 0.455, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.214–0.966, P = 0.040) and the use of the combined technique (OR = 3.634, 95% CI: 1.758–7.510, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors affecting total glioma resection. Eloquent areas were implicated in 79 patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the combined technique (OR = 6.041, 95% CI: 1.705–21.403, P = 0.005) was an independent prognostic factor affecting total resection. The average follow-up period was 16.4 months. Cox regression analysis revealed that the WHO tumor grade (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.782, 95% CI: 1.620-14.119, P = 0.005), chemotherapy regimen (HR = 0.324, 95% CI: 0.181–0.579, P < 0.001), IDH mutation (HR = 0.366, 95% CI: 0.154–0.870, P = 0.023), and total resection (HR = 0.458, 95% CI: 0.248–0.846, P = 0.013) were independent factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients.

Conclusions:

The use of neuronavigation with fluorescent staining appears to improve the tumor resection range and the OS rate, which is an independent factor affecting the degree of resection of supratentorial glioma. The WHO tumor grade, chemotherapy regimen, IDH mutation, and total resection were independent factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients.
Giant cell lesions of the oral cavity
Authors: Chellaswamy Sreeja , Manohar Pavithra , Rajakumari Beeula , Ramalingam Sathish Muthukumar , Ragavan Vijayashree , Nachiappan Nachiammai
Published: March 2021

Giant cells are formed by the union of several monocytes or macrophages which undergo a defined set of intercellular interactions that ultimately results in a multinucleated cell with a single cytoplasmic compartment. Giant cells are not only pathologic, there are even physiologic giant cells such as osteoclast, megakaryocytes, and trophoblast that helps in maintaining normal repair and remodeling process in the body. There are various classifications and theories for the formation of giant cells. Some of these giant cells act as a characteristic histopathologic feature in oral lesions and aid in diagnosis. In the field of challenging diagnosis, these characteristic features can provide a clue for diagnosing some oral lesions. On this background, the article was attempted to review various types of giant cells, their formation, and giant cell lesions of the oral cavity with basic information about their clinical, radiologic, histopathological features, and treatment planning.
Mucocele showing both retention and extravasation phenomenon
Authors: Arunachalam Preethi , Thayalan Dineshkumar , Razak Abdul , Abiramivarman K. , Gowtham Abishek , Rajesh Abinaya
Published: March 2021

An unusual report of mucocele presenting with both retention type and extravasation phenomenon has been presented. A 44-year-old male patient presented with a swelling in the commissure of the lip region for the past 2 months. A thorough clinical examination and history taking gave a diagnosis of a mucocele. This case highlights and discusses the histopathological features, differential diagnosis, and the theories behind the presentation of this rare case report.
In-silico investigation of active component
Authors: Arunachalam Preethi , Ramadoss Ramya , James Amritha , Jayan Lekshmy , Vinoth Vasanthi , Divya Bose
Published: March 2021

Background:

Xerostomia is a common condition which affects majority of the people due to its multifarious etiologies. Although several treatment modalities are under practice, natural herbs show a great deal of beneficial effects recently. Saliva contains a considerable amount of proteins, among which the enzyme salivary α-amylase forms the major bulk. Acacia
catechu is habitually known as Katha or Karangali, and the preparations are made from the heartwood or the leaves of this plant and have been used for decades and also as a thirst quencher. The relationship between the use of this decoction and saliva secretion has been a debate among researchers. Although there are no comprehensive validations behind the theory between amylase activity and A. catechu, virtual screening techniques such as docking could help to throw light on this theory.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the binding efficacy of active ingredient of A. catechu on salivary α-amylase using molecular docking approach.

Materials and Methods:

The active ingredients of A. catechu were identified using an extensive literature search. The chemical structure of the identified ligand (epicatechin gallate) and the target protein (salivary alpha-amylase) was obtained using PubChem and molecular docking was analyzed using SYBYL2.0®.

Results:

Epicatechin gallate showed the highest binding affinity for human salivary amylase when compared to the other ligand molecules.

Conclusion:

The current study thus elucidates that A. catechu can possibly be effective as a stimulatory agent for patients suffering from xerostomia.
Relative position of mandibular foramen in 4–9-year-old children
Authors: Chandran Sruthi , Peedikayil Faizal C , Chandru T. P. , Kottayi Soni , John Seena
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Most common nerve block used in children is the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for anesthetizing mandibular teeth. Therefore, knowledge of the location of the mandibular foramen is necessary for a successful IANB anesthesia.

Aim:

The study aimed to correlate the position of mandibular foramen in relation to the mandibular occlusal plane and the deepest point of the coronoid notch as a clinical guide for IANB injection in 4–9-year-old children.

Materials and Methods:

One-hundred orthopantamographs were analyzed and divided into two groups; Group 1 (4–6 years) and Group 2 (7–9 years). The orthopantamographs were traced on the acetate paper using a radiograph viewer and measurements were taken from mandibular lingula (ML) to the occlusal plane and to the deepest point of the coronoid notch.

Results:

Statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant difference in mean distance between the two groups on both sides by measuring the position of ML to the mandibular occlusal plane and to the deepest point of the coronoid notch. Intergroup comparison of the distance from ML to the deepest point of the coronoid notch on the right and left sides shows a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

There is a significant difference in both the distance and position of mandibular foramen in the considered age groups.
Effects on circulation and water renewal due to the variations in the river flow and the wind in a Brazilian estuary lagoon complex
Authors: Cunha Cynara De Lourdes da Nóbrega , Scudelari Ada Cristina , Sant'Ana Danilo De Oliveira , Luz Teresa Elane Bezerra , Pinheiro Mariana Kummer da Rocha
Published: March 2021

The Mundaú-Manguaba Estuary Lagoon Complex is located on the coast of Alagoas state in Northeastern Brazil, and consists of two shallow lagoons, Mundaú and Manguaba, that form a system of choked lagoons which are connected to the Atlantic Ocean by a series of narrow channels with a single outlet which dynamically alters its position. This study uses the Hydrodynamic Environmental System, SisBaHiA® to investigate how variations in river discharge and wind influence hydrodynamic circulation, water renewal, salinity and temperature in the lagoons. The free surface positions, obtained by model, were compared with the free surface positions measured at two points of the complex, showing good agreement. The analyses were carried out for dry and wet seasons and extreme events with very high freshwater discharge. The channel system of the lagoons is an efficient filter in reducing tidal variability inside the lagoons. The tidal ranges in the Manguaba and Mundaú Lagoons are 90% and 80% lower, respectively, as compared with the values in the open boundary. The residence time calculated varied between 11 and 365 days and between 2 and 180 days for the Manguaba and Mundaú Lagoons, respectively, making it possible to identify possible stagnation areas. The results from the salt and heat transport model show a prolonged period with low salt concentrations and slow salinity recovery after the rainy season; the water temperature in the lagoons shows little spatial and temporal variation.
Volume preserving flow and Alexandrov–Fenchel type inequalities in hyperbolic space
Authors: Andrews Ben , Chen Xuzhong , Wei Yong
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we study flows of hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space, and apply them to prove geometric inequalities. In the first part of the paper, we consider volume preserving flows by a family of curvature functions including positive powers of

k

-th mean curvatures with

k=1,\ldots,n

, and positive powers of

p

-th power sums

S_p

with

p > 0

. We prove that if the initial hypersurface

M_0

is smooth and closed and has positive sectional curvatures, then the solution Mt of the flow has positive sectional curvature for any time

t > 0

, exists for all time and converges to a geodesic sphere exponentially in the smooth topology. The convergence result can be used to show that certain Alexandrov–Fenchel quermassintegral inequalities, known previously for horospherically convex hypersurfaces, also hold under the weaker condition of positive sectional curvature.

In the second part of this paper, we study curvature flows for strictly horospherically convex hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space with speed given by a smooth, symmetric, increasing and degree one homogeneous function

f

of the shifted principal curvatures

\lambda_i=\kappa_i-1

, plus a global term chosen to impose a constraint on the quermassintegrals of the enclosed domain, where

f

is assumed to satisfy a certain condition on the second derivatives. We prove that if the initial hypersurface is smooth, closed and strictly horospherically convex, then the solution of the flow exists for all time and converges to a geodesic sphere exponentially in the smooth topology. As applications of the convergence result, we prove a new rigidity theorem on smooth closed Weingarten hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space, and a new class of Alexandrov–Fenchel type inequalities for smooth horospherically convex hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space.
Case Report: A Fatal Case of West Nile Virus Meningoencephalomyelitis in a Woman with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Initially Misdiagnosed as SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Schiuma Marco , Pezzati Laura , Ballone Elisabetta , Borghi Beatrice , Osio Maurizio , Mattavelli Daniele , Galimberti Laura , Corbellino Mario , Mileto Davide , Zanchetta Nadia , Antinori Spinello
Published: March 2021

We present a fatal case of West Nile virus meningoencephalomyelitis initially misdiagnosed as COVID-19 in a 63-year-old Egyptian woman with a previous diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient’s medical history and immunosuppressive therapy, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, substantially broadened the differential diagnosis of her encephalitis.
Plutarch’s Essay on Superstition as a Socio-Religious Perspective on Street Begging
Authors: Adekannbi G. O.
Published: March 2021

Plutarch (c.46AD), in his work, Peri Deisidaimonia (On Superstition), presents a striking portrayal of superstition in the First Century. The Philosopher who also served for decades as a priest of Apollo portrays the pernicious effects of some supposed religious practices as worse than the outcome of atheism. His position constitutes a forceful explanation to ostensibly controversial socio-religious behaviours. This article discusses some of the priest’s concerns as well as his rebuff of religious attitudes that are borne out of what he describes as misrepresentation of the gods or superstition. Plutarch’s essay is seen as illustrating a reason for a socio-religious situation in Africa, a continent that shares a similar religious background with the world of the writer. Specifically, with the example of the hard fight against street begging in some parts of Nigeria, the article shows how social reform programmes could fail when effects of traditional African beliefs and cultural practices remain potent.
Anaerobic Degradation of Dairy Wastewater in Intermittent UASB Reactors: Influence of Effluent Recirculation
Authors: Silva A. , Couras C. , Capela I. , Arroja L. , Nadais H.
Published: March 2021

This work studied the influence of effluent recirculation upon the kinetics of anaerobic degradation of dairy wastewater in intermittent UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed) reactors. Several laboratory-scale tests were performed with different organic loads in a UASB reactor inoculated with flocculent sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant. The data obtained were used for determination of specific substrate removal rates and specific methane production rates and adjusted to kinetic models. A high initial substrate removal was observed in all tests due to adsorption of organic matter onto the anaerobic biomass which was not accompanied by biological substrate degradation as measured by methane production. Initial methane production was about 45% of initial soluble and colloidal substrate removal rate. This discrepancy was observed mainly in the first day of all experiments and was attenuated in the second day. Effluent recirculation raised significantly the rate of removal of soluble and colloidal substrate and methane productivity as compared to literature results for batch assays without recirculation.
Economic and Emission Dispatch Problems Using a New Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Younes Mimoun , Khodja Fouad , Kherfene Riad Lakhdar
Published: March 2021

Environmental legislation, with its increasing pressure on the energy sector to control greenhouse gases, is a driving force to reduce CO2 emissions, forced the power system operators to consider the emission problem as a consequential matter beside the economic problems, so the economic power dispatch problem has become a multi-objective optimization problem. This paper sets up an new hybrid algorithm combined in two algorithm, the harmony search algorithm and ant colony optimization (HSA-ACO), to solve the optimization with combined economic emission dispatch. This problem has been formulated as a multi-objective problem by considering both economy and emission simultaneously. The feasibility of the proposed approach was tested on 3-unit and 6-unit systems. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm gives comparatively better operational fuel cost and emission in less computational time compared to other optimization techniques.
Analysis of the potential of contrailer transport (on the example of the Kaliningrad transport hub)
Authors: Rybin P. K. , Novikova I. D. , Moroz J. A.
Published: March 2021

The subject of the research is the study of the potential of piggyback transportation on the basis of the multimodal terminal and warehouse infrastructure of the Kaliningrad railway. The relevance of the topic is determined by the intensification of international trade, which requires simplification of receiving and dispatching and transfer operations in a complex logistics system for the delivery of goods and the use of intermodal transport modules to speed up the listed operations, and, as a result, reduce the delivery time of goods. One of the types of intermodal transport modules is a piggyback, which can be transported by both rail and road transport, and processed at specialized cargo terminals. As a rule, piggyback terminals are located in large transport hubs with significant volumes of transit traffic. The conditions of the Kaliningrad transport hub are considered as the basis for the formation of a transport and logistics framework for the development of piggyback transportation.

Methods used: analytical, design, evolutionary-functional, forecasting.

With the help of forecasting and analysis methods, the potential of the market for piggyback transportation on the Kaliningrad railway has been investigated, taking into account statistical data over the past few years.

The features of the Kaliningrad transport hub and the functioning of railway transport for servicing international transit using multimodal cargo delivery technologies are considered. The performance indicators of the Kaliningrad railway have been studied, and several alternative scenarios for the dynamics of transportation by means of contrailers have been predicted. A general assessment of the conditions of the Kaliningrad region for the prospective development of the volume of transportation of goods and cargo in foreign trade using piggyback.
Formation of corporate competencies of Russian Railways in the context of lifelong education
Authors: Goreva O. V. , Kutsenko S. M.
Published: March 2021

The key results of the program of interaction between JSC “Russian Railways” and railway transport university complexes until 2025 include the following: approval of selection criteria and assessment procedures for candidates for targeted training from among applicants; assessment of competencies and tests of abilities according to the methods approved by JSC “Russian Railways” for all university graduates and students under contracts for targeted training of the company. To achieve these results, the task of designing a map of the development of Russian Railways corporate competencies at various levels of education is relevant.

Using the methods of system analysis of Russian Railways regulatory documents and Federal state educational standards, this article presents a model of educational programs succession by education levels in order to design educational trajectories in accordance with the request for Russian Railways corporate competencies.

The proposed model of developing Russian Railways corporate competencies in the context of lifelong learning will be useful for educational organizations in designing educational routes for students, forming criteria for competencies assessing at various education levels, adjusting the content of additional and basic educational programs in order to train highly qualified personnel for JSC “Russian Railways”.
U.S. Military Service Members’ Reintegration, Culture, and Spiritual Development
Authors: Suzuki Masako , Kawakami Atsuko
Published: March 2021

This qualitative study aims to find common themes that may suggest portrayals of former service members’ psychological development and their reintegration. We have found their cognitive dissonance from experiencing two very different cultures: the highly structured collective culture of military life and the individualistic culture of civilian life. Former service members tend to develop and maintain the strong ideology of “service to others” in civilian life as their goal or purpose of life. It became clear to us how they have reached to this ideology when we used our ethnic backgrounds and understandings as Japanese researchers who came from a society where collective well-being is highly valued. We came to the conclusion that the macroscopic as well as spiritual views would be beneficial to incorporate when counselors, support organizations, or health care providers are assisting former service members’ transition into civilian life.
Focus Group Data Saturation: A New Approach to Data Analysis
Authors: Hancock Mary , Amankwaa Linda , Revell Maria , Mueller Dale
Published: March 2021

The qualitative research “gold standard” for quality research is data saturation. The limited literature on reporting data saturation and transparency in qualitative research has supported an inconsistent research standard suggesting researchers have not adequately reported data saturation to promote transparency (O’Reilly & Parker, 2012). Confusion regarding how to analyze qualitative data to achieve data saturation, how to write clear qualitative research findings, and present these findings in a usable manner continues (Sandelowski & Leeman, 2012). A phenomenological asynchronous online focus group using WordPress® was employed to answer the research question. Based on the current literature on the topic of focus group data saturation, the study findings were analyzed by group, individual, and day of the study. Additionally, the data was presented in a chart format providing a visible approach to data analysis and saturation. Employing three different methods of data analysis to confirm saturation and transparency provides qualitative researchers with different approaches to data analysis for saturation and enhancement of trustworthiness. Placing data in a visual configuration provides an alternative method of presenting research findings. The data analysis methods presented are not meant to replace existing methods of achieving data saturation but to provide an alternate approach to achieving data saturation and reporting the findings in a clear, usable format.
Qualitative Health Research Involving Indigenous Peoples: Culturally Appropriate Data Collection Methods
Authors: Wright Amy , Wahoush Olive , Ballantyne Marilyn , Gabel Chelsea , Jack Susan
Published: March 2021

Historically, health research involving Indigenous peoples has been fraught with problems, including researchers not addressing Indigenous research priorities and then subsequently often failing to utilize culturally appropriate methods. Given this historical precedence, some Indigenous populations may be reluctant to participate in research projects. In response to these concerns, the Government of Canada has developed the Tri-Council Policy Statement (TCPS2): Research Involving the First Nations, Inuit and Métis Peoples of Canada, which stipulates the requirements for research collaborations with Indigenous communities. Utilizing this policy as an ethical standard for research practices, this paper describes, critiques and synthesizes the literature on culturally appropriate oral-data collection methods, excluding interviews and focus groups, for use with Indigenous people in Canada. Results suggest that photovoice, symbol-based reflection, circles and story-telling can be methodologically rigorous and culturally appropriate methods of collecting data with this population. Suggestions are made for researchers wishing to use these methods to promote respectful and collaborative research partnerships with Indigenous peoples in Canada.
Cyberbullying in Rural Communities: Origin and Processing through the Lens of Older Adolescents
Authors: Reason Lisa , Boyd Michael , Reason Casey
Published: March 2021

The experiences of older adolescent cyberbullying victims from a rural community were explored in this qualitative study. Findings revealed that cyberbullying originates primarily as the result of jealousy over romantic relationships and cultural, religious, or sexual orientation intolerance. Participants also indicated that cyberbullies tend to be more brazen and cruel as the result of perceived anonymity. In addition, participants reported feelings of helplessness and rage in response to the attacks. Finally, participants suggested that the lack of knowledge and understanding of cyberspace resulted in a lack of emotional support and protection against cyberbullying.
Effective Teaching in the Eye of Teacher Educators: A Case Study in a Higher Education
Authors: ÇAKMAK MELEK , Akkutay Ülker
Published: March 2021

Attempts to explore teacher educators’ thoughts seem to be meaningful at educational sciences since the number of studies discussing effective teaching and effective teacher at teacher education in the eye of teacher educators are quite limited. Therefore, this study mainly aims to identify the viewpoints of teacher educators in order to discover how they contextualize the concept of effective teaching. For this aim, a case study design, increasingly used in education (Tellis, 1997), is utilized in the study. This method is suitable when the research addresses an explanatory question such as how or why? (Yin, 2004). A questionnaire including open-ended questions is given teacher educators (n=48) who are working at a state university in Turkey. The participants are asked how they conceptualize effective teaching and which characteristics of effective teachers they prioritize. The results mainly show that to know what teacher educators’ opinions on the key concepts of effective teaching might be helpful for teacher educators to revise some points in their teaching and raise their awareness on the issue.
Rent, Out, and After – Examining the Process of Eviction in Urban America
Authors: Roulston Kathryn
Published: March 2021

In his ethnography, Evicted: Poverty and profit in the American city, sociologist Matthew Desmond examines the process of eviction for a group of people who he came to know in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Desmond painstakingly chronicles what happens when individuals and families cannot “make rent,” and are subsequently evicted from their homes. The stories presented in this book call on readers to deeply consider the interconnections between the rich and poor in urban areas in the U.S.A, and how polices might be revised with a view to ensuring affordable housing for all. An example of realist ethnography, Desmond also challenges qualitative researchers to consider the place of the “I” in contemporary qualitative studies.
Improving Patient Safety through High Reliability Organizations
Authors: Padgett Jared , Gossett Kenneth , Mayer Roger , Chien Wen-Wen , Turner Freda
Published: March 2021

Preventable medical errors result in the loss of 200,000 lives per year with associated financial and operational burdens on organizations and society. Widespread preventable patient harm occurs despite increases in healthcare regulations. High reliability organization theory contributes to improved safety and may potentially reverse this trend. This single case study explored the introduction of a safety culture and subsequent improvements in patient safety in a reliability-seeking organization. Fourteen participants from a subacute nursing facility were selected using purposeful sampling criterion. Data were collected through participant interviews, document reviews, and group observation. Five themes emerged from an analysis of collected data including process standardization, checks and redundancy, authority migration, communication, and teamwork. The themes uncovered the need for extensive education and training, communication, and teamwork to improve patient safety. The results of the study may be useful to improve safety and enhance leadership to promote a culture of safe patient care.
Experiential Learning in Action: A Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Brailas Alexios , Avani Stella-Maria , Gkini Christina , Deilogkou Maria-Afroditi , Koskinas Konstantinos , Alexias Georgios
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we describe a case study of an undergraduate course on research methodology, in which lecture was reduced to a minimum and replaced with experiential learning activities. The course design was project-based and spiraled through four phases: a mini-lecture on a given research method, an “early practice” activity, and “reflection on practice” tutor-guided small group collaborations which led to deeper understanding of the given research method. This particular course design constitutes a paradigm shift in comparison to the predominant in Greek higher education didactic pedagogical model. How this paradigm shift was received and experienced by the participating students? In order to get rich insights into the lived experiences of the participants (N=15), we adopted a blended qualitative research approach: thematic analysis combined with students’ critical reflections on their experience, aiming to produce a thick description of our intervention. The course design and implementation positioned students and their tutors as knowledgeable actors able to contribute research insights through their transactions.
Teaching Moral Literacy through Critical Pedagogical Bricolage: A Co-constructed Auto-Ethnography of an Educational Leadership Program
Authors: Gautam Chetanath , Lowery Charles
Published: March 2021

In this collaborative auto-ethnographical inquiry, two developing scholar–practitioner educational leaders explore the notion of moral literacy through a lens of critical pedagogical bricolage. This study aims to reveal certain experiences of two doctoral candidates engaged in an educational doctorate, contemplating their identities as emergent leaders from diverse backgrounds. By approaching this inquiry from a qualitative and strictly post-positivist understanding of research, we aim to present critical components of our program and the literature presented in that program that led to our understanding of moral literacy’s role in theoretical and pragmatic provinces of educational leadership. Our analysis is presented in three themes: transformation of the candidate through the teaching of moral literacy, consideration of the interplay between local identity and moral literacy, and the potential of bricolage (or critical pedagogical bricolage) as a catalyst for teaching moral literacy.
“Tackling the Difficult:” A Review of Janet Salmons’ Doing Qualitative Research Online
Authors: Allen Cade
Published: March 2021

Researchers are increasingly utilizing online data in completing and broadening the scope of their work. Janet Salmons has authored a guide for novice researchers on appropriate methodologies, data collection, and analysis procedures for pursuing qualitative online research.
LEVELS OF EVIDENCE AND GRADES OF RECOMMENDATIONS IN HSCT AND CELLULAR THERAPY
Authors: Arcuri Leonardo Javier
Published: March 2021

THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (SBTMO) PRESENTS THE BRAZILIAN GUIDELINES ON HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
HSCT FOR MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES (MDS)
Authors: Duarte Fernando Barroso , Barroso Karine Sampaio Nunes , Silva Roberto Luiz da , Gurgel Livia Andrade , Leitão João Paulo de Vasconcelos , Pitombeira Beatriz Stela Gomes de Souza , Soares Rodolfo Daniel de Almeida , De Pádua Leandro , Betarello Gustavo
Published: March 2021

THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (SBTMO) PRESENTS THE BRAZILIAN GUIDELINES ON HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
HSCT FOR SOLID TUMORS
Authors: Arcuri Leonardo Javier , Ribeiro Andreza Alice Feitosa , Lerner Décio
Published: March 2021

THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (SBTMO) PRESENTS THE BRAZILIAN GUIDELINES ON HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION