bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Gondola, Attitude Control, and Control Software
Authors:   The EBEX Collaboration, Aboobaker Asad , Ade Peter , Araujo Derek , Aubin François , Baccigalupi Carlo , Bao Chaoyun , Chapman Daniel , Didier Joy , Dobbs Matt , Grainger Will , Hanany Shaul , Helson Kyle , Hillbrand Seth , Hubmayr Johannes , Jaffe Andrew , Johnson Bradley , Jones Terry , Klein Jeff , Korotkov Andrei , Lee Adrian , Levinson Lorne , Limon Michele , MacDermid Kevin , Miller Amber D. , Milligan Michael , Moncelsi Lorenzo , Pascale Enzo , Raach Kate , Reichborn-Kjennerud Britt , Sagiv Ilan , Tucker Carole , Tucker Gregory S. , Westbrook Benjamin , Young Karl , Zilic Kyle
Published: November 2018

The E and B Experiment (EBEX) was a long-duration balloon-borne instrument designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. EBEX was the first balloon-borne instrument to implement a kilopixel array of transition edge sensor (TES) bolometric detectors and the first CMB experiment to use the digital version of the frequency domain multiplexing system for readout of the TES array. The scan strategy relied on 40 s peak-to-peak constant-velocity azimuthal scans. We discuss the unique demands on the design and operation of the payload that resulted from these new technologies and the scan strategy. We describe the solutions implemented, including the development of a power system designed to provide a total of at least 2.3 kW, a cooling system to dissipate 590 W consumed by the detectors’ readout system, software to manage and handle the data of the kilopixel array, and specialized attitude reconstruction software. We present flight performance data showing faultless management of the TES array, adequate powering and cooling of the readout electronics, and constraint of attitude reconstruction errors such that the spurious B-modes they induced were less than 10% of the CMB B-mode power spectrum with r = 0.05.
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Detectors and Readout
Authors:   The EBEX Collaboration, Abitbol Maximilian , Aboobaker Asad M. , Ade Peter , Araujo Derek , Aubin François , Baccigalupi Carlo , Bao Chaoyun , Chapman Daniel , Didier Joy , Dobbs Matt , Feeney Stephen M. , Geach Christopher , Grainger Will , Hanany Shaul , Helson Kyle , Hillbrand Seth , Hilton Gene , Hubmayr Johannes , Irwin Kent , Jaffe Andrew , Johnson Bradley , Jones Terry , Klein Jeff , Korotkov Andrei , Lee Adrian , Levinson Lorne , Limon Michele , MacDermid Kevin , Miller Amber D. , Milligan Michael , Raach Kate , Reichborn-Kjennerud Britt , Reintsema Carl , Sagiv Ilan , Smecher Graeme , Tucker Gregory S. , Westbrook Benjamin , Young Karl , Zilic Kyle
Published: November 2018

EBEX was a long-duration balloon-borne experiment to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The experiment had three frequency bands centered at 150, 250, and 410 GHz and was the first to use a kilopixel array of transition edge sensor bolometers aboard a balloon platform. We describe the design and characterization of the array and the readout system. From the lowest to highest frequency, the median measured detectors’ average thermal conductances were 39, 53, and 63 pW/K, the medians of transition temperatures were 0.45, 0.48, and 0.47 K, and the medians of normal resistances were 1.9, 1.5, and 1.4 Ω; we also give the measured distributions. With the exception of the thermal conductance at 150 GHz, all measured values are within 30% of their design. We measure median low-loop-gain time constants τ
0 = 88, 46, and 57 ms. Two measurements of bolometer absorption efficiency gave results consistent within 10% and showing high (∼0.9) efficiency at 150 GHz and medium (∼0.35 and ∼0.25) efficiency at the two higher bands. We measure a median total optical power absorbed of 3.6, 5.3, and 5.0 pW. EBEX pioneered the use of the digital version of the frequency domain multiplexing system. We multiplexed the bias and readout of 16 bolometers onto two wires. The median per-detector noise-equivalent temperatures are 400, 920, and 14,500

. We compare these values to our preflight predictions and to a previous balloon payload. We discuss the sources of excess noise and the path for a future payload to make full use of the balloon environment.
Temperature Spectra of Interstellar Dust Grains Heated by Cosmic Rays. II. Dark Cloud Cores
Authors: Kalvāns Juris
Published: November 2018

Heating of whole interstellar grains induced by cosmic rays (CRs) is an important desorption mechanism for grain surface molecules in interstellar molecular clouds. This study aims to provide detailed temperature spectra for such CR-induced heating. For this, olivine grains with radii of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μm shielded by interstellar gas with isotropic column densities characteristic of dark cores were considered. The accumulation of an ice mantle of increasing thickness was taken into account. The CR energy spectrum was obtained for these column densities for 32 CR constituents. We calculated the frequencies with which a CR nucleus with known energy hits a grain, depositing a certain amount of energy. As a result, we obtain the energy and temperature spectra for grains affected by CR hits. This allows us to improve the existing approaches to CR-induced whole-grain heating in astrochemical modeling.
New species of tube web spiders of the genus Ariadna from South Australia (Araneae, Segestriidae)
Authors: Marsh Jessica R. , Baehr Barbara C. , Glatz Richard V. , Framenau Volker W.
Published: November 2018

Two new species in the tube-web spider genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 (Segestriidae Simon, 1893) are described from South Australia based on morphological features of both males and females. Ariadnaclavatasp. n. and Ariadnatangarasp. n. are widespread and sympatric on eastern Kangaroo Island, where they are found beneath bark, in borer holes in dead wood, and in short burrows under rocks. They have also been found in south-eastern mainland South Australia and bring the total number of described Australian Ariadna to 13 species. We showcase intraspecific variation in both species based on a significant number of specimens, including substantial size variation in females and variations in patterns of leg spination. For male Ariadna, we also establish the previously unknown functions of apophyses and spines on the metatarsi and tibiae on the first legs, which are used during mating to clasp the female.
Global and Regional IUCN Red List Assessments: 6
Authors: Fenu Giuseppe , Abdelaal Mohamed , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Bongiorni Luciano , Cogoni Annalena , Cortis Pierluigi , Croce Antonio , Fois Mauro , Lussu Michele , Perrino Enrico V. , Wagensommer Robert P. , Orsenigo Simone
Published: November 2018

In this contribution, the conservation status assessment of four vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria are presented. It includes the assessment ofEpipactismaricae(Croce, Bongiorni, De Vivo & Fori) Presser & S.Hertel at global level, and the regional assessment ofCerintheretortaSm. (Italy), PlatantherakuenkeleiH.Baumannsubsp.kuenkelei (Europe) andTyphaelephantinaRoxb. (Egypt).
The first record of a homeotic wing pattern aberration in an Australian butterfly from a specimen of Papilio aegeus ormenus Guérin-Méneville, 1830 (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)
Authors: Wood Graham A. , Nielsen John E.
Published: November 2018

A specimen ofPapilioaegeusormenuswith a forewing/hindwing wing pattern homeosis is described from Mer Island, Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia. This represents the first record of a butterfly specimen with wing pattern homeosis from Australia.
Chrysosplenium ramosissimum Y.I.Kim & Y.D.Kim (Saxifragaceae), a new species from Korea
Authors: Kim Yong-In , Cho Seong-Hyun , Lee Jung-Hoon , Kang Dae-Hyun , Park Jin Hee , Kim Young-Dong
Published: November 2018

This study describes and illustratesChrysospleniumramosissimum, a new plant species from Mt. Seonjaryeong, located in the central region of the Korean Peninsula. The species is most similar toC.valdepilosumbut is readily distinguishable by the presence of yellowish-green bracteal leaves during flowering, highly branched sterile branches, shiny silvery dots on sterile branch leaves and larger tubercles on the seed coat.
Les impasses de l’examen religieux. Examiner, prouver, objecter, persuader
Authors: Pitassi Maria-Cristina
Published: November 2018

La question de la légitimité et de la faisabilité de l’examen religieux – l’un des sujets principaux de la controverse confessionnelle en France au XVIIe siècle – traverse l’ensemble du corpus baylien. Étroitement lié à des questions cruciales comme celle de la nature des vérités divines, des dispositions éthiques du croyant et du statut de la Bible, l’examen religieux est en réalité pour Bayle un oxymore, qui tente de concilier ce qui est antithétique, à savoir l’examen philosophique et la croyance
Mobiliser aux frontières de l’Europe ? La construction militante de l’enjeu migratoire en Sicile (1980-2010)
Authors: Bassi Marie
Published: November 2018

Résumé La Sicile et la petite île de Lampedusa qui en fait partie sont aujourd’hui associées aux images d’arrivées de migrants par voie maritime, de naufrages et de morts. Pourtant, dans ces îles-frontières, l’immigration n’est devenue un enjeu politique et un objet de mobilisation que récemment. Je reviens sur le processus de politisation de l’immigration en Sicile au regard des dynamiques de mobilisations pro-migrants du milieu des années 1980 à la fin des années 2000. Pour cela, j’interroge l’émergence et la consolidation de l’immigration comme enjeu militant dans une région d’émigration traditionnelle dont les dynamiques sociales et protestataires se sont longtemps structurées autour de la mafia et qui s’est transformée en lieu métonymique de la frontière européenne. J’analyse les différentes générations d’acteurs qui ont contribué à construire la cause des migrants en Sicile, inscris ces dynamiques protestataires dans leur configuration locale et interroge la façon dont les spécificités du territoire sicilien s’articulent aux niveaux national et européen.
La foi, grain de sable dans la littérature
Authors: Dujin Anne
Published: November 2018

Le roman catholique (François Mauriac, Georges Bernanos, Julien Green) tente de témoigner de l’expérience de la foi au risque de la littérature. Aujourd’hui, dans un contexte encore plus sécularisé, elle s’inscrit dans une recherche de sens, dont témoigne Le Royaume d’Emmanuel Carrère.
Les Écritures au secours de l’écriture ?
Authors: Rambaud Mathias
Published: November 2018

La littérature semble résister à la tendance à la sécularisation, comme en témoigne l’empreinte des Ecritures sur les parutions contemporaines. Reste à savoir si cet héritage culturel n’est pas détaché des forces spirituelles qui l’animaient.
Le corps autonome des classes supérieures : expression d’un « pouvoir d’agir » ?
Authors: Pillonel Alexandre
Published: November 2018

À partir d’une étude ethnographique menée avec une vingtaine de personnes âgées issues de la bourgeoisie protestante genevoise, cet article, traite de la notion de pouvoir. Dans un contexte où l’évaluation des processus de vieillissement se mesure en partie au regard du modèle du « bien-vieillir », et plus particulièrement selon une mesure de l’autonomie, il s’agit d’offrir une description des stratégies engagées par les membres de ces classes sociales afin de conserver leur autonomie durant la vieillesse. L’objectif est ensuite d’établir que le corps, lieu privilégié de cette acquisition, devient simultanément enjeu de son expression ainsi que lieu d’inscription de nombreuses stratégies visant à maintenir cette autonomie. En démontrant que l’autonomie des vieillesses bourgeoises se distingue de celle d’autres classes sociales, par la mobilisation de différents registres de stratégies, cet article soutient que le pouvoir dont disposent ces individus ne doit pas être uniquement lu en termes de domination – d’un « pouvoir sur », autrement dit d’un rapport de classe – mais également d’un « pouvoir de » contribuer à la construction de modèles de vieillissement.
Vulnérabilité et résilience chez les centenaires
Authors: Jopp Daniela S. , Lampraki Charikleia , Meystre Claudia
Published: November 2018

Les centenaires sont souvent perçus comme des prototypes de vieillissement réussi, pourtant les recherches soulignent leur grande vulnérabilité en raison de pertes majeures et d’importantes baisses de ressources. En particulier, les centenaires présentent une multi-morbidité et courent le risque d’un déclin cognitif et d’une diminution des contacts sociaux les plus proches. Néanmoins, ils sont également résilients : malgré leur vulnérabilité, ils expriment fréquemment un bon niveau de satisfaction de vie. À ce jour, nous connaissons peu sur les mécanismes de résilience qui pourraient expliquer ce « paradoxe du bien-être » ; peu d’études ont porté sur ce sujet chez les centenaires. Cet article présente une synthèse des études sur la vulnérabilité à l’âge de 100 ans pour mieux comprendre les défis auxquels les centenaires sont confrontés. Nous présentons ensuite de manière contrastée des données sur la résilience, en particulier le bien-être, et plusieurs mécanismes sous-tendant potentiellement une telle résilience. Diverses forces psychologiques – dont les stratégies d’adaptation (par exemple coping) et les croyances concernant soi-même (par exemple auto-efficacité, sens donné à l’existence) – et leur impact sur le bien-être sont discutés. Pour résumer, les résultats indiquent que les centenaires sont assez vulnérables, faisant face à de nombreux défis, mais également résilients en raison de diverses forces psychologiques qui contribuent à leur bien-être et bonne qualité de vie. Les futures études devraient faire progresser la théorie et les méthodes de recherche en la matière. Des applications concrètes sont proposées, comprenant des pistes pour réduire la vulnérabilité et renforcer la résilience.
Quand maximiser le pouvoir d’agir se retourne contre la personne vulnérable
Authors: Quentin Bertrand
Published: November 2018

Certains concepts développés pour remédier à des contextes d’absence radicale de participation sociale peuvent donner l’impression de n’offrir qu’une démarche d’émancipation, bien loin de toute idéologie. C’est le cas avec l’empowerment ou volonté de favoriser le « pouvoir d’agir » des individus. Il s’agira ici cependant de repérer les angles morts d’un tel concept, notamment dans le contexte des établissements pour personnes âgées. Si Thomas Hobbes est le père d’une conception qui fait reposer l’identité d’un individu sur son aptitude à augmenter son pouvoir sur le monde et les autres, cette position n’est pas sans poser la question de cette obsession de maîtrise. Son travers possible dans le cadre d’une immersion en Ehpad sera celui de « l’empathie égocentrée » issue des soignants ou même des proches. Un autre travers possible est l’accentuation du risque de « harcèlement thérapeutique ». Des injonctions difficiles à suivre pour tous se retournent alors contre certaines personnes. Par-delà la bonne intention dans l’effort pour permettre un pouvoir d’agir à des personnes souvent vulnérables, cet article revendique une vigilance pour ne pas exténuer les individus dans un activisme hors de propos.
Biologie historique et paléontologie : un regard
Authors: de Ricqlès Armand
Published: November 2018

Au cours des cinquante dernières années, l’explosion de la biologie moléculaire a imposé à la tradition de l’ancienne « histoire naturelle » un choc intellectuel et institutionnel sans précédent. La biologie « pré-moléculaire » a dû, pour survivre, subir une sorte de décantation. Des disciplines anciennes en sont ressorties comme métamorphosées et rajeunies.

Aujourd’hui l’urgence mondiale des problèmes environnementaux démontre plus que jamais l’extrême utilité des approches naturalistes, à toutes les échelles de perception, y compris moléculaires.

Armand de Ricqlès montre, dans sa leçon de clôture au Collège de France, comment une discipline dite « traditionnelle », la paléontologie, a su se renouveler et survivre à l’heure des grands changements.
Représenter l’espace par la carte dans les manuels scolaires en Iran (1973-2012)
Authors: Bombardier Alice
Published: November 2018

À travers un corpus de huit manuels de géographie et persan, publiés en Iran avant ou après la Révolution islamique et supports de l’école primaire ou secondaire, cet article analyse la place de la carte du point de vue graphique, sémiologique et discursif. Des scénarios cartographiques originaux sont mis en lumière. La situation de la carte dans le système d’images mais aussi son rôle dans l’« iconicisation » du territoire national et dans la représentation du monde sont présentés. Cette exploration des procédés de la cartographie scolaire en Iran permet de mettre en exergue la contribution de la géographie à la fabrique du territoire et de l’identité nationale dans une société multi-ethnique et multi-linguistique.
Le rôle des séries télévisées turques dans la circulation des modèles urbains et des modes d’habiter en Iran
Authors: Saïdi-Sharouz Mina
Published: November 2018

Nous examinons dans cet article, le rôle des séries turques à grand succès, interdites en Iran mais diffusées par satellite (telles que Le siècle magnifique, L’amour interdit et Bargrizan) dans le transfert des modèles urbains et des modes d’habiter en Iran. Comment les séries turques contribuent d’abord au développement de tourisme, puis à l’importation informelle du prêt à porter et enfin à l’ouverture du marché iraniens sur les produits d’ameublement et d’architecture, véritable pôle économique qui transforme les modes d’habiter et agit progressivement sur les espaces des villes iraniennes.
Dynamiques migratoires des espaces ruraux en Iran : une étude de cas
Authors: Amiri Amir
Published: November 2018

À travers une étude de cas, cet article propose de mieux comprendre les faits migratoires en Iran, tant du point de vue de la migration rurale-urbaine (en prenant pour exemple le Nord-Ouest) que de la relation de celle-ci avec l’immigration internationale (en traitant de la migration des Afghans dans le pays). Au cours de notre enquête de terrain sur les sites ruraux, les données empiriques recueillies suggèrent que la migration interne et la migration internationale se déroulent en effet de façon connexe. Une fois la réserve de migrants internes épuisée, le marché de l'emploi se tourne alors vers une source externe, de sorte que la migration interne peut apparaître comme une condition préalable aux flux internationaux. Et si la première relève des modèles classiques de la migration, l’hypothèse est que la seconde est alimentée de flux mixtes et circulaires.
Analysis of Sidebands Failures in Asynchronous Drives
Authors: Kumar K. Vinoth , Michael Prawin Angel
Published: November 2018

This chapter deals with the diagnosis of induction motors (IM) with the so-called motor current signature analysis (MCSA). The MCSA is one of the most efficient techniques for the detection and the localization of electrical and mechanical failures, in which faults become apparent by harmonic components around the supply frequency. This chapter presents a summary of the most frequent faults and its consequences on the stator current spectrum of an IM. A three-phase IM model was used for simulation taking into account in one hand the normal healthy operation and in the other hand the broken rotor bars, the shorted turns in the stator windings, the voltage unbalance between phases of supply, and the abnormal behavior of load. The MCSA is used by many authors in literature for faults detection of IM. The major contribution of this work is to prove the efficiency of this diagnosis methodology to detect different faults simultaneously, in normal and abnormal functional conditions. The results illustrate good agreement between both simulated and experimental results.
A Review of Third Sector Reporting Frameworks
Authors: Luke Belinda
Published: November 2018

The need for social reporting in third sector organizations is widely acknowledged. However, there is little agreement on how best to approach this. While various social reporting frameworks are available, the resource constraints (primarily time and money) of third sector organizations such as social enterprises, many of which are small or micro enterprises, are often overlooked in the development of these frameworks. Accordingly, the purpose of this chapter is to review the appropriateness of available social reporting frameworks, in view of social enterprises' hybrid nature and often limited resources. Borrowing from the discipline of accounting, fundamental financial reporting concepts and principles are considered, underscoring the need for a general-purpose reporting framework appropriate for social enterprises' dual objectives, limited resources, and their diverse range of stakeholders.
The Development of National Health Service Social Enterprises in England
Authors: Maher Sebrene Margaret
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to examine government policy framework relating to the development of social enterprise within National Health Service providers. The number of social enterprises delivering public healthcare services is continually growing. This chapter discusses challenges and benefits for the government. Potential barriers to achieving this development are also evaluated. Although the focus is primarily upon the policy agenda in England, the chapter makes a useful contribution to the ongoing international debate on the development of social enterprises in primary and secondary care. This review identifies that National Health Service social enterprises responds to local needs, bring innovative, effective ways of managing heathcare in the community. It is clear from reviewing the literature that healthcare services are changing and being continually shaped by social enterprises providers.
Socializing Economic Development in Ireland
Authors: Doyle Gerard Joseph
Published: November 2018

The chapter provides a comprehensive explanatory framework outlining why social enterprises have been underutilized by policymakers in Ireland. The Irish State has afforded social enterprise a narrow role in realizing the State's social and economic objectives. It is incumbent upon community organizations to demand that the state has a change of policy direction towards social enterprise, where its current residual role is replaced by a more central role in economic development. The chapter provides an analysis of the factors which led to the growth of the credit union movement in Ireland. Lessons from the development of Ireland's credit union movement could be applied to growing social enterprise in other sectors of the economy.
Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises in Slovenia
Authors: Tomaževič Nina , Cantele Silvia
Published: November 2018

The main purpose of the chapter is to present the analysis of the institutional framework for social enterprises in Slovenia. In order to achieve this purpose, the selected definitions of social entrepreneurship are offered, and the context of the study is presented. The focus on the situation in Slovenia includes a systematic description of historical background of social entrepreneurship, statistical data, legal regulation and national policies, key stakeholders and support mechanisms, certification schemes and social reporting, social investment markets, and finally, a SWOT analysis and a list of challenges Slovenia is facing in the field of social entrepreneurship.
Mentoring Female Leaders at Multiple Levels in One Higher Education Institution
Authors: Moreland Meagan , Thompson Tobi
Published: November 2018

This chapter includes a case study of female leaders in one higher education institution where there are more female leaders than male leaders. The authors seek to explain the mentoring involved to develop the female leaders of this institution. The objective of this chapter is to determine what types of mentoring takes place for women interested in leadership positions. The purpose is to make those mentoring programs, whether formal or informal, more available to any female interested in seeking a position of leadership.
An Unlikely School Leader
Authors: Puliatte Alison
Published: November 2018

This chapter examines the intersection of gender and personality, specifically addressing some of the issues that introverted women leaders may face. The author's personal experiences as an elementary school principal will be interwoven into the current research that highlights the underappreciated strengths of introverted women leaders. Personality traits and leadership styles of introverts are presented along with descriptions of the experiences of female leaders. The chapter ends by providing readers with ideas to support women and introverts in school to prepare them for future leadership roles.
Women's Leadership Aspirations and Career Paths in Higher Education
Authors: Hill Lilian H. , Wheat Celeste A. , Mandishona Tanyaradzwa C. , Blake Andrea E.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into the ways in which personal life roles such as mother, daughter, and/or spouse/partner influence the leadership aspirations of women holding senior university administrative positions (e.g., academic dean, vice president, provost). The chapter is informed by a postmodern feminist perspective and reviews literature related to pathways to the presidency, family considerations, gender roles, and geographic mobility. Findings from the literature are integrated with those of the dissertation of the second author. In keeping with a postmodern feminist perspective, the chapter concludes with recommendations for change in recruiting diverse women for higher education leadership.
Women Community College Faculty Members
Authors: McKinnon-Crowley Saralyn
Published: November 2018

This chapter explores the obstacles women community college faculty members face in attaining leadership roles, specifically the presidency, at community colleges. The theoretical framework incorporates Kezar's reconceptualization of leadership in higher education. The chapter discusses the currently available data regarding women community college faculty members and leaders, and presents factors preventing community colleges from attaining gender parity in leadership, namely structural inequities, campus climate, and the insidious ideal or heroic worker myth. Despite the diversity of students and staff present at a community college, discrimination and societal expectations regarding work still impact women. Ironically, the low status of community colleges may allow greater access to leadership roles for women. The chapter concludes by discussing possible solutions to the current leadership climate and present alternative leadership theories and paradigms, which, if implemented, could change the community college environment.
Evolution of Digital Technologies and Use of Virtual Assistants in Drug Development
Authors: Venugopal Manu
Published: November 2018

The drug development phase is one of the most time-consuming and expensive stages in the lifecycle of a drug. Marred by patent expirations, price regulations, complexities in disease conditions, life sciences companies are facing a daunting task to bring new molecular entities into the market. Digital health technologies are playing a critical role in addressing some of the challenges faced during drug development. In this chapter, the author talks about the challenges and key trends in the world of drug development, use of new digital health technologies, and the future of drug development. As an example, the author dives into a specific case study on the use of virtual assistants in clinical trials and the benefits of its usage on patients, healthcare professionals, and life sciences companies.
An Ambient Multi-Agent System for Healthcare Monitoring of Patients With Chronic Diseases
Authors: Boussebough Imane , Chaib Issam Eddine , Boudjit Billel
Published: November 2018

Chronic diseases are a major cause of death in the world. Thus, many guidelines have been proposed to prevent these diseases. In addition, various systems have been developed to ease health monitoring. However, they are generally behaving as reminders or as anomaly detection systems. After giving an overview of the existed solutions and discussing their drawbacks, the authors present their system which is called ambient healthcare monitoring system (AHMS). It provides a continuous, unobtrusive, and mobile health monitoring of patients with chronic diseases. It is based on the multi-agent paradigm that allows devices to be distributed and autonomous. In addition, it benefits from the characteristics of ambient intelligence (AmI) such as ubiquity and context-awareness. So, AHMS is a promising solution for unobtrusive healthcare monitoring, in which it offers efficient medical services, with less energy consumption, that can significantly reduce the healthcare cost by automating some routine tasks. Consequently, it reduces the latency as well it minimizes the overload on the caregiver.
Healthcare IoT Architectures, Technologies, Applications, and Issues
Authors: Karthick G. S.  , Pankajavalli P. B.
Published: November 2018

The internet of things (IoT) revolution is improving the proficiency of human healthcare infrastructures, and this chapter analyzes the applications of IoT in healthcare systems with diversified aspects such as topological arrangement of medical devices, layered architecture, and platform services. This chapter focuses on advancements in IoT-based healthcare in order to identify the communication and sensing technologies enabling the smart healthcare systems. The transformation of healthcare from doctor-centric to patient-centric with the diversified applications of IoT is discussed in detail. In addition, this chapter examines the various issues to be emphasized on designing an effective IoT-based healthcare system. It also explores security in healthcare systems and the possible security threats that may be vulnerable to the security essentials. Finally, this chapter summarizes the procedure of applying machine learning techniques on healthcare streaming data which provides intelligence to the systems.
Attitude and Purchase Intention Towards Smartwatches
Authors: Altuntaş Bilge , Akyüz Ayşen
Published: November 2018

As the marketing world tries to reach mobile users, a wearable technology market has emerged. This market would lead the digital marketing world to major innovation investments and entail companies to develop and improve marketing strategies in the area. The great breakthrough and development in the wearable technology industry allows marketing professionals to conduct more research on the subject. This chapter explores users' attitudes and purchase intention towards one of the most popular wearable devices, smartwatches. Two hundred surveys were taken into analyses which were collected between the dates of 1st and 2nd of June, 2018. Regression analysis, correlations analysis, t-test were conducted to test the hypotheses. While some independent variables such as hedonic values found to be the affecting the purchase intention; variables such as aesthetic appeal is found to have no influence on it.
Economic Effects in Islamic Stock Development of the European Countries
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat , Adalı Zafer
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to understand whether economic growth and inflation rate have an effect on the development of Islamic stock market. Within this context, quarterly data of 13 European countries for the periods between 2002:2 and 2016:3 are analyzed with Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test. It is concluded that inflation rate and economic growth have a significant effect on the development of Islamic stock market. Because economic growth affects private investment in the country, it has an important impact on the development of Islamic stock exchange. Additionally, inflation rate is accepted as the main cause of Islamic stock market development because it increases uncertainty in the market. Hence, it can be said that countries should focus on the policies to decrease high inflation rates and increase economic growth. With the help of these kind of actions, it will be possible to improve Islamic stock market in the country. Because companies, which are included in Islamic stock market, have to obey ethical rules, it will improve the performance of the economies as well.
Developing Smart Contracts for Financial Payments as Innovation
Authors: Demirel Engin , Zeren Seda Karagoz
Published: November 2018

Innovation in smart contract systems helps to create decentralized payment systems. These developing concepts will be a new perspective to solve transparency issues. Smart contracts can prove all transactions and flow of funds and money between parties. Business deals and financial payment methods are expected to be a hybrid approach in both traditional and smart contracts in the future. Empirical analysis of smart agreements among their emerged platforms, different applications, and design views will enlighten future needs of trade payment methods. This chapter investigates the concept of smart contracts and critical issues for developing on financial payments environment. This research also aims to examine possible advantages of the application of smart contracts as innovation, legal, and technical aspects of the emerging business environment. The analysis will compare new mechanisms securing a block-chain applied to financial payments. This chapter also reviews the mechanisms of smart contracts and block-chain and focus on predicted future areas on the financial system.
Management Style as a Strategic Tool and Its Effects on Organizational Results
Authors: Boz İlknur Taştan
Published: November 2018

Achieving her targets regardless of whatever sector a business has been operating depends on the way she converts various organizational outcomes into favorableness. Organizational outcomes that may affect the performance of businesses include job satisfaction, organizational commitment, corporate reputation, strategic orientation, organizational creativity, and other points. In the literature, it is seen that the management style is one of the variables that are effective for favorable or adverse organizational outcomes. There are different classifications related to management style. According to many researches, it can be said that the most commonly used classification of management styles includes democratic, participatory, laissez-faire, and autocratic. When the results of researches have been examined, it is regarded that making a generalization related to which management style can always be applied as the most appropriate one is tough.
Gender Diversity and Independency
Authors: Fındık Derya , Ocak Murat
Published: November 2018

This chapter focuses on the impact of corporate governance indicators on intangible investment (innovative property) and aims to understand the linkages among gender diversity, independency, and intangibles. The literature on corporate governance has mainly focused on the relation between corporate governance indicators and firm financial performance. However, the mediating factor of intangibles receives less attention from scholars. This study uses two data sources at the firm level in Turkey. The first one is the “firm's annual reports” and the second one is the “KAP (Public Disclosure Platform of Turkey) database.” This research covers 215 firms and 9 years from 2005 to 2013; a panel data methodology is used. The research suggests that firms with a certain level of board independency and gender diversity give emphasis to the intangibles.
Strategic and Innovative Actions of the Government During the Financial Crisis
Authors: Şenel Seçil
Published: November 2018

Financial crises cause significant economic and social problems for the countries. Many companies stop their operations and a lot of people lose their jobs. Especially after the globalization, there is an increase in the number of financial crises. Because of this aspect, governments try to implement necessary actions to prevent the crisis. In this scope, government intervention to the market during the crisis period is a much-debated concept. The aim of this chapter is to identify the success of government intervention in the market in crisis period. For this purpose, three different financial crises are analyzed, which are 1929 Economic Depression, 2001 Turkish Economic Crisis, and 2008 Global Mortgage Crisis. As a result, it is identified that when government intervene into the market in crisis period, the countries can much easily overcome the crisis. Therefore, it is recommended that strategic and innovative actions should be taken by the government in case of economic crisis, such as increasing liquidity level and implementing new regulations.
Three Horsemen of the Markets
Authors: Akıncı Gönül Yüce
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the impact of technologic improvement and financial development on competitive power in the 28 member countries of the European Union using panel geographically weighted regression analysis for the period of 2004-2016. The findings of the analysis, which show that increasing technological development accelerates the competitive power, support the Schumpeterian hypothesis, revealing that the impact of technology on competitiveness could accelerate with the contribution of the financial sector. In addition, findings reflecting the fact that the foreign trade which has been strengthened via technical development increases the competitive power show that the level of globalization has a contribution to this process, also. It has been observed that securing the property rights and applying the effective patent regimes leads to competitive advantage, and the economic integration process of the European continent has strengthened the competitive force.
Three Economic Depressions of the Turkish Economy
Authors: Yıldırım Cengizhan
Published: November 2018

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the three depressions of Turkish economy, which are the period of Second World War, the second half of the 1970s, and between 1994 and 2001. In these depression periods, the supply-demand balance completely deteriorated, and the economy completely collapsed. The economic paradigm changed after each depression, but economic problems have never changed. As very different economical models, étatism, planning import substitution industrialization, neoliberal economy policies have been tested for Turkish economy, but none of them has been successful. The lack of knowledge of facts of economics is the main cause of depressions. For innovative strategy, the Turkish economy needs more free market and deregulation.
The Role and Importance of the Strategic Plans as an Innovative Tool in Determining the Direction of Companies From the Financial Success Perspectives
Authors: Kartal Mustafa Tevfik
Published: November 2018

Companies have a variety of aims. Among them, the most important one is to survive. However, survival is not an easy subject in the global environment. Even surviving becomes harder while competition increases. So, companies have to deal with both globalization and competition at the same time. Although it is possible to mention about lots of tools, one of the most important innovative management tools is strategic planning in terms of the financial success perspectives. The strategic plan (SP) is a tool that can be used to shape their future and to survive by companies. It is concluded that SPs have important benefits. Firstly, SPs make the contribution to the survival. Secondly, SPs are helpful to plan future. Thirdly, SPs are used as a guide. Fourthly, SPs trigger good management practices and innovation culture because of requiring transformation processes. Fifthly, due to triggering internal transformation works, SPs make the contribution to gain the comparative competitive advantage. Sixthly, by implementing SPs well, it is inevitable to reach good financial results.
An Overview of Big Data Security With Hadoop Framework
Authors: Singh Jaya , Gimekar Ashish Maruti , Venkatesan S.
Published: November 2018

Big Data is a very huge volume of data which is beyond the storage capacity and processing capability of traditional system. The volume of data is increasing at exponential rate. Therefore, there is the need of such mechanism to store and process such high volume of data. The impressiveness of the Big data lies with its major applicability to almost all industries. Therefore, it represents both, the tremendous opportunities and complex challenges. Such omnipotent eminence leads to the privacy and security related challenges to the big data. Nowadays, security of big data is mainly focused by every organization because it contains a lot of sensitive data and useful information for taking decisions. The hostile nature of digital data itself has certain inherited security challenges. The aim of Big data security is to identify security issues and to find the better solution for handling security challenges. The observation and analysis of different security mechanism related to the issues of big data and their solutions are focused in this chapter.
Big Data on E-Government
Authors: Husain Mohd. Shahid , Khan Neha
Published: November 2018

All aspects of big data need to be thoroughly investigated, with emphasis on e-governance, needs, challenges and its framework. This chapters recognizes that e-governance needs big data to be reliable, fast and efficient. Another principle is that the trust of a citizen is the main concern. The extraction of meaningful data from large variety of data is a critical issue in big data hence new approaches must be developed. This chapter basically discusses the key concepts of veracity in big data on e-governance. Its main aim is to provide the comprehensive overview big data in e-governance. E-government is still struggling to move advanced level of development. Current e-government applications handle only structured data and sharing between the applications is also difficult.
Data Literacy and Citizenship
Authors: Borges-Rey Eddy L.
Published: November 2018

This chapter explores the challenges that emerge from a narrow understanding of the principles underpinning Big data, framed in the context of the teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics. This study considers the materiality of computerised data and examines how notions of data access, data sampling, data sense-making and data collection are nowadays contested by datafied public and private bodies, hindering the capacity of citizens to effectively understand and make better use of the data they generate or engage with. The study offers insights from secondary and documentary research and its results suggest that understanding data in less constraining terms, namely: a) as capable of secondary agency, b) as the vital fluid of societal institutions, c) as gathered or accessed by new data brokers and through new technologies and techniques, and d) as mediated by the constant interplay between public and corporate spheres and philosophies, could greatly enhance the teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics in the framework of current efforts to advance data literacy.
Efficiency and Risk Management Models for Cloud-Based Solutions in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Truong Dothang
Published: November 2018

Cloud computing has been proven to have numerous benefits for organizations, especially in supply chain management. More and more organizations have adopted cloud-based solutions to be their primary sourcing applications. Nevertheless, this technology is not without challenges, and in order to deploy and implement cloud-based solutions successfully with minimal risks organizations need to have practical guidance on this emerging technology. Despite the rapid growth of cloud computing in supply chain areas, the existing literature is still conceptual, inadequate, and mainly focused on the pre-adoption stage of this technology. This research examines the post-adoption stage of cloud-based supply chain solutions from the decision science perspective and intends to provide organizations with practical guidance on how to ensure the efficiency of a cloud-based supply chain system and control risks associated with cloud-based solutions.
Shifting Perspectives
Authors: Hill Geoffrey , Datta Pratim , Acar William
Published: November 2018

This paper proposes that, in the context of generating actionable knowledge, uncertainties pertaining to big data streams should be recognized, categorized and accounted for at the appropriate level of knowledge management process models. Arguing that sensemaking from big data sources is a complex series of processes extending beyond just the application of sophisticated analytics, this paper proposes a big data reengineering (BDR) framework to guide requisite categorization, contextualization and remediation processes. The authors discuss the characteristics that uncertainty presents to organizations using big data streams as potential knowledge sources – surfacing relationships between the underlying knowledge flows and uncertainty and presenting typologies that categorize the effects of several common sources of uncertainty. These typologies also serve to provide guidance to transformation agent(s) regarding appropriate actions ultimately aimed at the generation of actionable knowledge.
Biometric
Authors: Rawat Ajay , Gambhir Shivani
Published: November 2018

Cloud computing lacks control over physical and logical aspects of the system, which imposes profound changes in security and privacy procedure; hence, it needs a high level of security. Currently, many researchers and developments are being done to provide client service-level agreements regarding security issues. These researchers are attracted towards biometrics and its security applications, since it is based on biometric traits, thus providing a high level of security. Due to biometrics' benefits and cloud advantages, the collaboration of cloud and biometrics have open up wide areas this field. This chapter discusses some case studies of integration of biometrics and cloud computing.
Data Analysis Services Related to the IoT and Big Data
Authors: Lokshina Izabella V. , Durkin Barbara J. , Lanting Cees J.M.
Published: November 2018

The Internet of Things (IoT) provides the tools for the development of a major, global data-driven ecosystem. When accessible to people and businesses, this information can make every area of life, including business, more data-driven. In this ecosystem, with its emphasis on Big Data, there has been a focus on building business models for the provision of services, the so-called Internet of Services (IoS). These models assume the existence and development of the necessary IoT measurement and control instruments, communications infrastructure, and easy access to the data collected and information generated by any party. Different business models may support opportunities that generate revenue and value for various types of customers. This paper contributes to the literature by considering business models and opportunities for third-party data analysis services and discusses access to information generated by third parties in relation to Big Data techniques and potential business opportunities.