bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of pathogenetic ways to prevent and treat dental caries in children
Authors: Saifullina Kh. M.
Published: March 2022

Peculiarities of the clinical course of dental caries in children are explained by the resistance of dental hard tissues and the reactivity properties of the organism. It is known that the formation of tooth resistance to dental caries depends on the conditions of antenatal development of the child, the state of his health in the period of neonatal and infant age. Under the influence of unfavorable factors the processes of intra-mandibular development and primary mineralization of teeth are disturbed, the conditions providing timely and qualitative maturation of their hard tissues are changed. In children exposed to risk factors, already in the period of temporary bite formation there is a significant prevalence and intensity of initial caries, a high rate of growth of its developed stages.
Peter Franzevich Lesgaft
Authors: Valishin E. S.
Published: March 2022

Celebrating the 175th anniversary of Kazan Medical Institute, we cannot but recall the names of prominent figures who have made a significant contribution to the development of medical science and the training of physicians. The most prominent of them, of course, is the largest anatomist, a talented teacher, the founder of the science of physical education, and a progressive social activist, Petr Frantsevich Lesgaft.
Genetic regulation of cytokine inflammation in oncohematological diseases
Authors: Loshkova E. V. , Ponomarenko Yu. B. , Kondratieva E. I. , Lebedev V. V. , Kleschenko E. I.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To analyze the correlations of the polymorphous variants of the genes the modifiers of immune response (IL1-/+3953, IL1RN*VNTR, TNFA*G-308A) with the development of oncohematological diseases (OHD) and the production of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-1Ra, TNF-, INF-, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18).
Materials and methods. The examination included 100 children (57 (57 %) boys и 43 (43 %) girls, with the mean age 7.50 (2.512.60 years) suffering from malignant blood diseases. The cytokine content (IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-1Ra и IL-10) was determined using IFA, the genetic typing of the genetic variants of the genes of cytokines IL1-/+3953, IL1RN*VNTR, TNFA*G-308A PCR and RFLP methods.
Results. In case of lethal outcome, 14% of cases, the TNF- IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 INF- and IL-10 levels were reliably higher, compared with the survived patients. Renal function disorder detected among 13% of children was accompanied by an increase in IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-1Ra and INF- compared to the patients without nephropathy and the control group (p0.05). Eighteen OHD children with high concentration of IL-1, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and INF- had fractures (р0,05). Against the background of OHD, the carriage of the genotype А2А2 of the polymorphic variant VNTR IL1RN gene was observed 13 times more often, the carriage of the allele A2 2.16 times more often. The carriers of the genotype A2A2 of the genetic variant VNTR IL1RN gene had an increased risk of nephropathy by 20.89 times, the carriers of the allele A2 3.05 times more often. Children with OHD complicated by bacterial infection by 10.77 times more often had the genotype A2A2 and by 2.45 times more often the allele A2 of the genetic variant VNTR IL1RN gene.
Conclusions. The carriers of the minor genotype A2A2 of the gene IL1RN*VNTR had a reliably higher production of the antiinflammatory IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 и IL-1Ra. The carriers of the genotype GA of the gene TNFA*G-308A had a significantly higher values of IL-1, IL-18, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-.
Contamination of water bodies of Astrakhan region with helminth-protozoan infestations
Authors: Nikeshina Tatyana V. , Arakelyan Rudolf S. , Shendo Gennadii L. , Kovalenko Anna V. , Kiseleva Alexandra A. , Arakelyants Olga A.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To study and carry out the retrospective analysis of water contamination with helminth-protozoan infestations in Astrakhan Region for 2010-2019.

Materials and methods. During the analyzed period, 80962 samples taken from environmental objects were examined.

Results. The percentage of samples that did not meet sanitary and parasitological indicators was 1.2 % (951 samples). The proportion of water samples collected and examined for parasitological parameters (eggs and larvae of helminths, cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa and oocysts of cryptosporidia) was 7.5 % (6033 samples). Water samples were taken from various water sources: water from centralized water supply, water from swimming pools, water from open reservoirs, waste water, water from wells, and bottled water.

Conclusions. To conclude, the results were obtained indicating that the absence of positive findings in water samples from central water supply facilities indicates a high-quality filtration and prevention of these objects; the presence of cysts of dysentery amoeba and dead strongylid larvae in water samples, swimming pools, as well as the presence of eggs and larvae of helminths and cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa in open reservoirs, indicates fecal contamination of these objects; the presence of positive findings in samples of wastewater and water from wells shows that reliable deworming and disinfection of wastewater is not provided at these facilities.
Karakteristik Fisik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Sediaan Masker Gel Peel Off Ekstrak Metanol Daun Eceng Gondok
Authors: Ukhty Nabila , Khairi Ikhsanul , Dari Tika Wulan
Published: March 2022

Gel peel off face mask is one type of facial mask that can increase the comfort of use and is expected to increase antioxidant activity on the skin. The mask is shaped like a paste, with a thick texture. Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) is an aquatic plant that lives wildly in the waters of West Aceh. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of methanolic crude extract of eceng gondok’s leaves and to find out the best formulation of gel peel off face mask from methanol crude extract of eceng gondok’s leaf based on the physical characteristics of the mask. The extraction method used was maceration using methanol as a solvent. The differences in the composition of the extracts used were concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6%. Exploration of bioactive compounds in crude extract using phytochemical test. Assessment of the physical characteristics of the mask preparation included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, adhesion, dispersibility, pH, and drying time. The crude extract contains flavonoid compounds, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins. Formulation 3 for making gel peel off masks was the best mask with an assessment of its homogeneity being stable and no change, adhesion for 5.30 seconds, dispersion of  5.9 cm, pH 6.4, and drying in 27.48 minutes. The formula has DPPH inhibition (% inhibition) of 76.54%..
Site Amplifications from Earthquake Data and VS30 in the Fort Worth Basin, Texas
Authors: Jeong SeongJu , Stump Brian W. , DeShon Heather R.
Published: March 2022

Following the development of unconventional oil and gas production in the Fort Worth Basin, Texas, a rapid increase in basin-wide seismicity began in 2008 that grew to include earthquakes affecting a substantial portion of the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area. To assess and mitigate the seismic hazard, which in this region is impacted by the thickness of the sedimentary basin and accompanying soft soil layer, we estimate site effects at 22 seismic stations deployed to record these earthquakes. Site responses are derived using two different datasets and approaches: (1) a modified generalized inversion technique (GIT) based on the S-wave Fourier amplitude spectra from earthquakes; and (2) application of the quarter-wavelength approximation (QWA) using estimates of average shear-wave velocities in the upper 30 m, known as VS30. We find that site amplification estimates based on the two techniques are roughly consistent with one another (median of the amplification ratio = 0.92) over frequencies where a quarter-wavelength corresponds to ∼30 m depth. The site amplification factors from the two approaches are found on average to be about 3 at the quarter-wavelength frequency (QWF). These site amplification estimates are not well correlated with geologic characteristics including rock type and geologic age. Finally, QWA values at six sites do not match GIT site amplification at the QWF (outside of ± median absolute deviations boundary), which we attribute to a combination of the underlying assumptions of the QWA, uncertainty in VS30 estimates, and unmodeled site response complexity.
Seismic Anisotropy Reveals Stress Changes around a Fault as It Is Activated by Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Igonin Nadine , Verdon James P. , Eaton David W.
Published: March 2022

Subsurface stress conditions evolve in response to earthquakes or fluid injection. Using observations of an induced seismicity sequence from a dense local array, anisotropy analysis is employed to characterize stress changes around a fault. The dataset comprises high signal-to-noise ratio S-wave data from 300 events, ranging in magnitude from −0.45 to 4.1, recorded on 98 three-component geophones cemented in shallow wells. It is found that the orientation of the fast S-wave direction remains relatively constant for all stations over time, but the magnitude of the anisotropy, as measured by the delay time between the fast and slow S wave, exhibits significant local variations. Some stations experience a systematic increase or decrease in the delay time, with a spatial coherence about the injection well. The stress changes due to hydraulic fracturing, aseismic slip, and observed earthquakes are modeled to determine the best fit to the observed anisotropy changes. Our analysis indicates that the creation of a network of tensile hydraulic fractures during fluid injection is likely to be the cause of the observed anisotropy changes. This study confirms that the measurements of seismic anisotropy over time reflects the evolving stress state of a fault prior to and during rupture.
Pre- and post-emergent effects on caste
Authors:   , Fiocca Katherine Ann , O'Donnell Sean
Published: March 2022

Long fascinated and puzzled researchers, eusociality and the evolutionary mechanisms selecting for and maintaining it are most easily observed within insect societies. In eusocial paper wasps, reproduction is limited to a small subset of females while the remainder forage and feed and care for the offspring. Some hypotheses in the field predict that female reproductive status is shaped by nutrition specifically ingested during larval development, while others predict that wasps emerge as adults with an equal opportunity to develop ovaries in adulthood, depending on their social position and nutrition acquisition within the colony. The goal of my work is to untangle the mechanisms maintaining reproductive caste within a primitively eusocial paper wasp species. Using social network analysis and stable isotope analysis, I found that aggressive female wasps were significantly enriched in nitrogen and spent more time on the nest than subordinate females (and were more likely to have developed ovaries), likely increasing their ability to store the nutrients necessary for building costly reproductive tissue in adulthood. Aggressive and reproductively developed females were also slightly larger in body size, although wing length was distributed normally across reproductive development, indicating that pre-adult body size is not the only factor affecting caste development. Finally, I found evidence that queens status is communicated to nestmates via cuticular hydrocarbons, providing further evidence that nestmate identification (essential to adult dominance interactions) is necessary for caste determination in this species. Taken together, it is likely that caste is shaped by both developmental and adult-stage factors, and further research is necessary in order to fully characterize the development of caste in primitively eusocial insects.
An Identity-Based View of Political Ideology in Modern Organizations
Authors:   , Fewer Thomas John , Ma Dali
Published: March 2022

Academics and private research companies alike have identified an alarming trend of increasing political partisanship among the American public. As ideological beliefs strengthen, individuals have demonstrated strong preferences for those who hold congruent political ideologies and biases, stereotypes, and hostility towards those with competing ideologies. This strong in-group preference has led individuals to limit their exposure to those holding opposing political beliefs in their daily lives. As one of the few remaining social settings in which a diverse assemblage of individuals from different social groups interact, organizations have become a central setting in which inter-partisan interactions occur. In this dissertation, I build from the relational motives of political ideology and social identity theory to suggest that political ideologies will motivate social categorization within organizations, influencing important organizational outcomes. In doing so, I demonstrate (1) how intergroup biases originating from political partisanship influences CEO decision making, (2) how intergroup biases originating from political affiliation are reduced in collective action, and (3) how changes in intergroup attitudes shapes an individual's ideological beliefs. In addition to being among the first comprehensive inquiries into political differences in organizations, the findings of these studies have profound implications to political science, political psychology, and political sociology. This dissertation lays the foundation for future studies on the organizational implications of intergroup attitudes and biases originating from political ideology. Amid an increasingly polarized and divisive world, there is growing importance of this perspective.
Çimlendirilmiş Çavdar (Secale cereale) ve Kavuzsuz Yulafın (Avena sativa) Bisküvi Üretiminde Kullanımı
Authors: DURSUN ŞİRİN Sümeyye , DEMİR Mustafa Kürşat , OLCAY Nezahat
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, çimlendirilmiş çavdar (Secale cereale) ve kavuzsuz yulaf (Avena sativa) tanelerinin bisküvi üretiminde kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 3 gün süre ile çimlendirme prosesi uygulanan çavdar ve yulaf taneleri %10 nem içeriğine kadar kurutulup ve ardından öğütülerek un haline getirilmiş, bu unlarda bisküvi formülasyonuna farklı oranlarda (%0, 10, 20 ve 30) buğday unu ikamesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Örneklerin; fiziksel (renk, kalınlık, çap, yayılma oranı, sertlik), kimyasal (kül, nem, ham yağ, ham protein, toplam fenolik madde ve fitik asit) ve duyusal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çimlendirilmiş çavdar ve yulaf unu ikamesi ile bisküvilerin renk özelliklerinde a* ve b* değerleri artış gösterirken, L* değeri azalmıştır. Çimlendirilmiş çavdar ve yulaf unu ikamesi örneklerin sertliğini, çapını ve yayılma oranını artırıcı, kalınlığını ise azaltıcı bir etki göstermiştir. İkame oranındaki artışla beraber; kül, nem, ham yağ, ham protein, enerji ve fitik asit içeriklerinde de bir artış meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. İkame oranı %0'dan %30'a yükseldiğinde, örneklerin toplam fenolik madde içerikleri de 568.00 mgGAE kg-1'dan 656.25 mgGAE kg-1'a yükselmiştir. Duyusal analizde en yüksek beğeniyi %10 ve 20 oranlarında çimlendirilmiş çavdar unu ikamesine sahip örnekler almıştır. Bu araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, çimlendirilmiş kavuzsuz yulaf ve çavdardan elde edilen unların bisküvi üretiminde kullanımı, besinsel özelliklerin iyileştirilmesi bakımından önerilebilir.
The Analysis of Impoliteness within Grammar Nazi Context in Twitter Tweets
Authors: Soehendro Eunike Imanuela , Jumanto Jumanto
Published: March 2022

This research focuses on one of the phenomena namely the Grammar Nazi phenomenon. In the present paper, the Grammar Nazi phenomenon was a phenomenon where people did not hesitate to criticize other people's grammatical errors. This phenomenon of Grammar Nazi was associated with the theory of Impoliteness Strategy by Culpeper (1996). This research is a qualitative one, where 100 data employed were processed first using a coding technique. The results obtained from this study are 55% of the data using the Bald on Record strategy, 18% of the data using the Sarcasm or Mock Politeness strategy, 16% of the data using the Negative Impoliteness strategy, 11% of the data using the Positive Impoliteness strategy, while 0% data using the Withhold Politeness strategy. It was also found that 61% of the data of the Grammar Nazi phenomenon used verbal bullying only to attack the face of authors of the posts, while the remaining 39% of the data used verbal bullying with intentions to correct grammatical errors, hence providing benefits for authors of the posts. The Grammar Nazi phenomenon also has a different impact on everyone. It can be seen from the characteristics of the utterances used by the Grammar Nazi.Keywords: Grammar Nazi, Grammar Nazi Phenomenon, Impoliteness Strategy, Five Strategies, Twitter.
Osteology of the cranium and Weberian apparatus of African catfish families (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) with an assessment of Palaeogene genera
Authors: Murray Alison M , Holmes Robert
Published: March 2022

Although the vast majority of fossil catfish material is isolated elements such as fin spines, a number of fossil catfishes (Siluriformes) have been named based on articulated crania from Palaeogene formations of Africa. The fossil taxa from marine sediments have been assigned to the extant marine family Ariidae, or have been assumed to have washed into marine sediments from freshwater habitats. The ability to assess the relationships of these fossils without reference to the nature of the geological sediments may provide insight into the history of these families. Most of the taxonomic work on the 11 catfish families found in Africa has focused on soft-tissues or DNA, which is problematic for the fossil material. Here we provide osteological features to distinguish families of African catfishes; eight of the families that are likely to be found in fossiliferous deposits can be distinguished based on a combination of skull features  including the morphology of the cranial fontanelle, mesethmoid, and dermal ornamentation. We reassess the familial placement of the Palaeogene catfishes. We find that †Eomacrones wilsoni, from the Palaeocene of Nigeria, belongs in Bagridae s.s. This confirms that bagrids were in Africa much earlier than the Miocene. Because this catfish comes from Palaeocene marine sediments, the biogeographic history of Bagridae needs to be reassessed to consider marine dispersal in this taxon.
Kształtowanie się deficytu budżetowego i długu publicznego Polski podczas pandemii Covid-19
Authors: Jarosz Aleksandra
Published: March 2022

Evolution of Poland’s budget deficit and public debt during the COVID -19 pandemic Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to examine the evolution of the budget deficit and the sovereign public debt in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The research question presented is: What is the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the amount of state budget deficit and state public debt in Poland? The method of critical analysis of the literature on the subject was applied. Statistical data obtained from the Central Statistical Office and the Ministry of Finance were also presented. Findings: In 2020, the state budget deficit reached an unprecedented amount of 85 billion zloty, which is directly linked to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, as the draft budget assumed no state budget deficit. Consequently, in 2020–2021 (Q1) there was a dynamic increase in public debt. Originality and value: The state budget result and the size of the public finance sector debt were lower than they should have been, because the vast majority of anti-crisis measures were financed from off-budget sources. Increased public spending increased the deficit and debt, but calculated using the Brussels method. The collected secondary data leads to the conclusion that the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is also a decrease in the transparency of public finance in Poland.
The steppe chronotope in the poetic world of A. Tarkovsky
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, Tsariova Olga
Published: March 2022

The authentic position of the steppe chronotope in the poetic world of A. Tarkovsky is emphasized in the article. It is the artistic space that absorbs the most important ideas that form the author’s concept and philosophy. The steppe contains many of the poet’s cultural and personal associations, and it is also a space inhabited by characters important for Arseny Tarkovsky. In particular, the closest interlocutors of the lyrical subject, Grigory Skovoroda and Ovid, are inextricably linked with the steppe universe.
Análise de chuvas intensas para projetos de drenagem
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Cadorin Sabrina Baesso , Bonfante Fernanda Martins , Amaral Lucas Kister
Published: March 2022

O conhecimento das relações IDF é de grande importância no dimensionamentos de obras de macro e microdrenagem. Para o planejamento das obras, além do conhecimento das relações IDF, também é importante conhecer as épocas do ano com maior risco de ocorrência de eventos extremos. Nesse sentido este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a série histórica de chuva determinando as relações IDF e a ocorrência sazonal dos eventos extremos de chuva da estação pluviométrica de Vargem do Cedro, município de São Martinho. No estudo foram usados os dados diários de precipitação do período de 1977 a 2018 da estação pluviométrica de Vargem do Cedro (Código 02848006), localizada no Município de São Martinho, SC. Com base nas séries de máximas anuais de chuva com duração de 1 a 10 dias foram estimadas as chuvas máximas com período de retorno de2 a100 anos, usando a distribuição de Gumbel-Chow (BACK, 2013). Com base nas relações entre chuvas de diferentes durações (CETESB, 1986) foram estimadas as chuvas com duração de 5 a 1440 minutos, ajustando-se a equação IDF para chuvas de curta duração. Também foram avaliadas as frequências sazonais das ocorrências dos valores de chuvas diárias máximas anuais e de chuvas iguais ou superiores a 80 e 100 mm.  A análise da série histórica de chuva permitiu estabelecer os valores de chuva máxima com duração de um a dez dias para serem usadas em projetos de macrodrenagem, bem como a equação IDF para chuvas de curta duração, a ser usada em projetos de microdrenagem. Foi constatada maior frequência de eventos extremos de duração diária nos meses de dezembro a fevereiro.
Análise da resistência à compressão de blocos vazados de concreto fabricados com o uso de resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD)
Authors: Piva Jorge Henrique , Kammer Weliton , Antunes Elaine Guglielmi Pavei
Published: March 2022

A construção civil é reconhecida como uma das mais importantes atividades para o desenvolvimento econômico e social, mas, por outro lado, mostra-se como grande geradora de impactos ambientais negativos (PINTO, 2005). Estima-se que no Brasil, em 2017, foram gerados cerca de 45 milhões de toneladas de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) (ABRELPE, 2017). Esse resíduo é composto principalmente por fragmentos ou restos de concreto e alvenaria. Uma das possibilidades de reuso do RCD apresenta-se na fabricação dos blocos de concreto para vedação, com ou sem função estrutural. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a resistência à compressão de blocos vazados de concreto fabricados com substituição dos agregados naturais por diferentes porcentagens de RCD.
Avaliação de misturas solo-cal-pó de vidro com adição de fibras de polipropileno submetidas a ensaios de resistência à compressão simples
Authors: Tebechrani Neto Aziz , Correa Brenda Rielli Spier , Nascimento Laís Verissimo do , Dornelles Lucas Eduardo
Published: March 2022

Uma das alternativas adotadas para um desenvolvimento mais sustentável em obras geotécnicas é a reutilização de resíduos para a estabilização de solos, prática que vem agregando materiais provenientes de diversos processos industriais e/ou domésticos. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho propõe a incorporação do vidro moído, proveniente de garrafas descartadas, e da cal de carbureto, resíduo da produção de gás acetileno, em um solo residual argiloso. Além desses, a mistura proposta prevê a adição de fibras de polipropileno com o intuito de reforçar o solo. Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho mecânico da mistura, corpos de prova cilíndricos foram submetidos a ensaios de resistência à compressão simples. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que o teor de cal foi o fator mais influente para ganhos significativos de resistência, seguido das fibras que tiveram pequena contribuição de acordo com as análises. No entanto, a variável com menor influência foi o pó de vidro moído, pois acredita-se que as possíveis reações do material com a cal não ocorreram conforme esperado, devido a reação mais efetiva do solo argiloso com o resíduo de gás acetileno.
Influência da incorporação de resíduos reciclados de placas cerâmicas (RPC) tratados com aditivo cristalizante em argamassas
Authors: Gonçalves Silveira Maria Eduarda , Guglielmi Pavei Antunes Elaine
Published: March 2022

As placas cerâmicas mais usuais no mercado brasileiro são as do tipo BIIb (ANTUNES, 2019), pertencentes ao grupo II, placas de média absorção de água. O Centro Cerâmico do Brasil – CCB relata que, aproximadamente, 10% da produção total das placas cerâmicas BIIb são defeituosas, tornando-se resíduos, sendo crucial a reutilização dos mesmos para mirrar o impacto ambiental. A construção civil também é assoladora ao meio ambiente, em função do enorme consumo de recursos naturais, estima-se que de toda a matéria prima produzida no mundo, de 40 a 75% é consumida pelo setor da construção (MATERA, 2018). Visando a sustentabilidade o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as características no estado fresco das argamassas com substituição de 20% do agregado natural (areia), por agregado reciclado de placas cerâmicas (RPC) do tipo BIIb, tratados com aditivo cristalizante para diminuir sua absorção de água, em diferentes processos de saturação.
Investigação da rigidez da ligação viga-pilar por chapa plana de cisalhamento conhecida como Shear Tab
Authors: Wanderlind Augusto , Ramos Minatto Thiago
Published: March 2022

Um meio de classificar as ligações é quanto sua rigidez, podendo ser divididas em rígidas, semirrígidas e flexíveis. As ligações rígidas são as que restringem a rotação da peça e têm uma reação de momento, semelhante a um engaste se comparada à uma estrutura de concreto armado. As ligações semirrígidas são as que o momento transmitido não é o máximo, como nas ligações rígidas, e nem perto do 0, como nas flexíveis, não é muito utilizada devido à dificuldade de estabelecer esta relação. As ligações flexíveis são as que teoricamente não transmitem momento (impossível chegar a 0 na prática, porém não se considera o momento nos cálculos).
A importância das infraestruturas de transporte para o desenvolvimento industrial brasileiro: um enfoque Rangeliano para superação da crise atual
Authors: Rippel Nilmar , Viceli Alessandro , Dentz Eduardo Von
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apontar a interpretação de Rangel, acerca da crise da dívida nos anos 1980 via concessão dos serviços de utilidade pública à iniciativa privada, ressaltando a importância simbiótica entre as infraestruturas de transporte e o setor industrial com vistas à superação da crise atual. O artigo demonstra, que é imprescindível considerar a importância do setor de transportes - no caso em particular os modais rodoviário e ferroviário - para o desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. Pode-se dizer, que os principais resultados encontrados foram a potencialidade dos investimentos no setor, como sendo estratégicos para alavancagem industrial, o restabelecimento do emprego e consequentemente uma nova fase de crescimento, tendo em vista os efeitos multiplicativos em escala crescente e ampliada em todo o país.  Ressalta-se também, a implementação Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC) a partir de 2007 e, a necessidade de continuidade dessas políticas econômicas para a superação da crise atual. Metodologicamente o artigo foi construído através da revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de dados e trabalhos de campo.
Neuropsychological Fundamentals of Envy
Authors: Lisovenko Anna , Kriukova Maryna , Absalyamova Larysa , Chukhrii Inna , Korchakova Nataliia , Androsovych Kseniia
Published: March 2022

The article deals with psychogenetic and neuropsychological principles of envy. Its originality lies in the fact that envy is seen as an unpleasant emotion and feeling, and a negative attitude, projected onto another person who, compared to the object of envy, has certain advantages, opportunities, or is in a more favourable position (social, psychological, physical, financial). Besides, the article analyzes theoretical-empirical and experimental studies on envy, its neuropsychological aspects and influence on the functioning of the brain. It shows prerequisites (genetic and social) for envy as an emotional experience and analyzes the role of social comparison in generating and consolidating envy. The article discusses describes the neuropsychological localization of envy in brain structures and the role of mirror neurons in the formation of envious impulses. It also theoretically proves that envy as a mental reaction is a situational and short-term feeling of dissatisfaction aroused by someone else’s possessions, qualities or luck, which is manifested in a strong desire to have them for oneself right away. Social comparison (not in one’s favour) causes a profound drop in self-esteem, which the brain perceives as physical pain. This triggers specific mechanisms of imaginary psychological compensation when someone else’s defeat is perceived as one’s victory. Short-term envious reactions are based on the natural action mechanism of mirror neurons in the brain that come from “imitative desire”, important for survival. Neuropsychologists have traced the overactivation of mirror neurons responsible for assessment and motivation in those people whose experience of envy is frequent and long-term. The article suggests possible ways of envy psychocorrection based on the neuropsychological mechanisms of its formation.
Innovations in Primary Education: Neuropsychological Aspect
Authors: Reshetnyak Victor , Popadych Olena , Korchakova Nataliia , Shyshova Olha , Shulzhenko Dina , Sichka Viktoriia
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the influence of neuropsychology on the modern student. The concepts of "neuropsychology" and "neuropsychological research", research and publications of domestic and foreign scientists on the development of neuropsychology and the use of methods that improve the work of the right and left hemispheres of the brain are considered in the article. The scientific potential of neuropsychology is indicated. Attention is drawn to the views of scientists who studied the neuropsychology of childhood. It has been found that there are many more books and periodicals in foreign literature that contain information on neuropsychology. A foreign project aimed at studying the brain is covered. It is emphasized that in modern educational institutions in Spain, teachers pay special attention to the neuropsychological characteristics of each child. Emphasis is placed on the difficulties of primary school children who need neuropsychological care. The focus is on the features of functional blocks of the brain and their mutual development. Emphasis is placed on the need to use health-preserving and play technologies in the organization of the educational process for teachers working on the Concept of the "New Ukrainian School". The effectiveness of kinesiological exercises for brain function, which contribute to the harmonious development of personality, has been proven. The significance of moving activities for the body of a child of primary school age is revealed. The powerful influence of means of musical and fine arts which help to develop visual perception, difficult spatial abilities, visual attention, memory, verbal and visual-motor skills on overcoming of neuropsychological frustration is proved. A block of neuropsychological exercises to activate the brain is presented. Samples of corrective exercises are highlighted: breathing exercises, massage, oculomotor exercises.
Adaptation in Affective Video Games during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bandac Vlad Constantin , Stefanescu Cristina
Published: March 2022

Though national players area unit on the average 35-44 years recent, most diagnoses of on-line recreation Disorder occur in adolescents. This data point may be a symptom of the usually neglected role of Adults within the diagnostic method, the questionable initial line in perceiving a tangle of web use and games in their kids. Parents' negative attitudes towards games and family quarrels are shown to be predictors of gambling addiction among adolescents.
Creating the Correctional Environment for Personality Development of Children with Autistic Disorders
Authors: Bazyma Nataliia , Mamicheva Olena , Korhun Larysa , Krykunenko Yuliia , Rozina Iryna , Dehtiarenko Tetiana
Published: March 2022

A sign of the humanization of the modern pedagogical process is a profound change in its organization, primarily in creating conditions for the formation of a holistic personality of the child. The method of forming speech activity of children with autistic disorders of senior preschool age can act as an organizational and pedagogical system, which includes the functioning of specific conditions: organizational and pedagogical (the main of which - the creation of educational and corrective and communicative environment); general didactic (continuity, stages, system in the content of the formation of speech activity); technological (pedagogical and speech therapy diagnosis - starting and finishing - of the child as a basis for organizing the formation of speech activity of children with autistic disorders of older preschool age). Among the auxiliary conditions can be distinguished cognitive, creative, and communicative. Taking into account the peculiarities of mental, emotional, communicative, and speech development, we anticipate that the level of speech activity in children with autistic disorders will increase under the conditions of implementation of our methodology, and providing selected psychological and pedagogical conditions will accelerate and optimize this process.
Social and Psychological Rehabilitation of People Addicted to Psychoactive Substances: Research Results
Authors: Shydelko Anna , Mayorchak Natalia , Bamburak Natalia , Holovach Tetiana
Published: March 2022

The article presents the empirical study of resocialization and socio-psychological rehabilitation of addicts to psychoactive substances, carried out by the scientific and pedagogical staff of Lviv State University of Internal Affairs (Ukraine), working in the field of social and behavioral sciences. The study started in November 2020 and was completed in February 2021. It was conducted in three cities of Ukraine (Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv). 46 people addicted to psychoactive substances aged 16 to 51 were involved. The men presented the sample of 89%, the women estimated by 11%. Regarding individual age, it should be noted that 51% of the researched were 35-37 years old, namely: 17.4% alcohol addicts; 60.9% – drug addicts; 21.7% – alcohol and drug addicts. The goal and objectives of the experimental study were highlighted; a hypothesis was formulated. The category of people addicted to psychoactive substances was selected, with the psychological portrait of the subjects undergoing treatment in the indicated rehabilitation centers of the cities of Ukraine was clarified, while comparing them with practically healthy persons, who correspond to age and sex characteristics. The following psychological tools were used in the study: life-sense orientation test in the adaptation by D. Leontiev, the methodology for diagnosing interpersonal relations by T. Leary, the MMPI questionnaire («Mini-Mult»), the method for diagnosing the socio-psychological adaptation of K. Rogers-R. Diamond. The main differences between the subjects were determined according to various characteristics: the presence and absence of addicted relatives, alcohol and drug addiction, use of up to ten and over ten years. The negative consequences for the brain, in particular, and human life in general, when using psychoactive substances are described.
The “Sense of One’s Place” in the “Social Status Game” of an Educational Expedition Group
Authors: Ouellet Lorie , Laberge Suzanne
Published: March 2022

Group status hierarchies can affect individuals’ experiences and groups’ outcomes in group-based Outdoor Adventure Education programs. As status is associated with perceived competence, the aim of this study was to explore the strategies used by group members to influence others’ perceptions of their competences in an educational expedition group. Drawing on ethnographic data, a Bourdieusian sociological framework was used to highlight the rationale underlying the different strategies identified. Our findings indicated that participants’ sense of place in the group status structure influenced the strategies they used to convey an image of proficiency. Configurations of differential characteristics, such as gender, age, experience and social class, played a decisive role in this regard. Men who failed to achieve the status they believed they deserved were more likely to adopt strategies that were detrimental to others. We propose ways practitioners could build on these results to improve inclusivity and equality.
De novo assembly and analysis of the transcriptome of the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis
Authors: Smirnov D. N. , Shekhovtsov S. V. , Shipova A. A. , Gazizova G. R. , Shagimardanova E. I. , Bulakhova N. A. , Meshcheryakova E. N. , Poluboyarova T. V. , Khrameeva E. E. , Peltek S. E. , Berman D. I.
Published: March 2022

The Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis Boulenger, 1886 is the most hypoxia-tolerant amphibian. It can survive for several months in an almost complete absence of oxygen. Little is known about the mechanisms of this remarkable resilience, in part because studies of amphibian genomes are impeded by their large size. To make the Siberian wood frog more amenable for genetic analysis, we performed transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly for the R. amurensis brain under hypoxia and normoxia, as well as for the normoxic heart. In order to build a de novo transcriptome assembly of R. amurensis, we utilized 125-bp paired-end reads obtained from the brain under normoxia and hypoxia conditions, and from the heart under normoxia. In the transcriptome assembled from about 100,000,000 reads, 81.5 % of transcripts were annotated as complete, 5.3 % as fragmented, and 13.2 % as missing. We detected 59,078 known transcripts that clustered into 22,251 genes; 11,482 of them were assigned to specific GO categories. Among them, we found 6696 genes involved in protein binding, 3531 genes involved in catalytic activity, and 576 genes associated with transporter activity. A search for genes encoding receptors of the most important neurotransmitters, which may participate in the response to hypoxia, resulted in a set of expressed receptors of dopamine, serotonin, GABA, glutamate, acetylcholine, and norepinephrine. Unexpectedly, no transcripts for histamine receptors were found. The data obtained in this study create a valuable resource for studying the mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance in the Siberian wood frog, as well as for amphibian studies in general.
Transcriptional activity of repair, apoptosis and cell cycle genes (TP53, MDM2, ATM, BAX, BCL-2, CDKN1A, OGG1, XPC, PADI4, MAPK8, NF-KB1, STAT3, GATA3) in chronically exposed persons with different intensity of apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes
Authors: Nikiforov V. S. , Blinova E. A. , Kotikova A. I. , Akleyev A. V.
Published: March 2022

Transcriptional activity of genes involved in maintaining genetic homeostasis (genes for repair, cell cycle and apoptosis: TP53, MDM2, ATM, BAX, BCL-2, CDKN1A, OGG1, XPC, PADI4, MAPK8, NF-KB1, STAT3, GATA3) was studied in chronically exposed persons with an increased intensity of early and late stages of apoptosis and necrosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The object of this study was peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 132 chronically exposed residents of the Techa riverside villages. The mean accumulated dose to red bone marrow was 426.4±48.2 mGy (1.3–2930.0 mGy), to thymus and peripheral immune organs, 58.9±7.9 mGy (0.1–489.0 mGy). The study was performed more than 60 years after the onset of exposure, the average age of exposed persons was 68±0.6 years (55–86 years). The study of apoptotic and necrotic death of peripheral blood lymphocytes was based on the presence of phosphatidylserine on the cell membrane surface, as well as on its permeability for DNA-intercalating dye. Evaluation of the relative content of mRNA genes for repair, cell cycle, and apoptosis was carried out using real-time PCR. An increased relative content of PADI4 gene mRNA was registered in the group of chronically exposed persons with the increased intensity of early apoptosis (p = 0.006). Modulation of the relative content of mRNA of the TP53 (p = 0.013) and BCL-2 (p = 0.021) genes was detected in the group of chronically exposed individuals with the increased intensity of the late stage of apoptosis. A statistically significant increase in the transcriptional activity of the TP53 gene was observed in the group of chronically exposed persons with the increased intensity of peripheral blood lymphocyte necrosis in the long-term period (p = 0.015). In the course of the study it was noted that exposed people with increased intensity of apoptosis, first of all, demonstrate changes in the transcriptional activity of apoptotic genes. These data are consistent with current views on the activation of programmed cell death.
Adolescent growth and its relation to menarche, dental and somatic maturation
Authors: Kaczmarek Maria
Published: March 2022

Relationships between growth in height during adolescence and menarche, somatic, and dental maturation were analyzed on longitudinal data for 181 boys and 176 girls from the Poznań Growth Study. It was found that the correlation pattern between variables shifts during the spurt indicating the following regularities: The younger and smaller the boys and girls were at the onset of the spurt, and the lower the height velocity at that time, the longer their spurt was likely to last, and the adolescent height increment was larger. Neither the timing of the spurt, nor the spurt duration or height gain had and influence on the final height. The maturation of the dentition was weekly, or no significantly, correlated with growth in height. The age at menarche revealed significant correlations with all characteristics of the growth spurt except for adolescent increment and adult height.
Stanisław August i Elżbieta Sapieżyna. Spór wokół losów sejmu 1782 roku
Authors: Filipczak Witold
Published: March 2022

Dzieje relacji pomiędzy Stanisławem Augustem Poniatowskim i Elżbietą z Branickich Sapieżyną to problem zarówno skomplikowany, jak i niezwykle ciekawy. Te dwie postaci łączył nie tylko w swoim czasie romans, lecz także wątki polityczne. Autor w swojej pracy zajmuje się genezą i przebiegiem sporu pomiędzy tymi dwoma postaciami, sporu związanego z losami sejmu z 1782 roku.
Anglia lat 1660–1685. Władza, polityka i społeczeństwo
Authors: Link-Lenczowski Andrzej K.
Published: March 2022

Autor w swojej pracy porusza trudny czas w historii Anglii, który miał miejsce w latach 1660-1685, a który rozpoczął się po śmierci Olivera Cromwella w 1658 r. Badacz skupił się na omówieniu trzech ważnych elementów: władzy, polityki i reakcji społeczeństwa w opisywanych czasach.
Od liberała do despoty. Ewolucja postawy Gustawa III w latach 1771–1792
Authors: Anusik Zbigniew
Published: March 2022

Autor swoją pracę poświęcił jednemu z najwybitniejszych władców szwedzkich XVIII wieku. Mowa o Gustawie III, którego osobowość odcisnęła piętno na dziejach jego państwa. Badacz postanowił przeanalizować drogę szwedzkiego monarchy, który przeszedł długą drogę, w trakcie której z liberała przekształcił się w despotę, śmiertelnie ranionego podczas balu maskowego w sztokholmskiej operze 16 marca 1792 r.
Per se Performance and Heterosis in Relation to Gene Action for Seed Yield and Yield Related Traits in Chickpea
Authors: Halladakeri Priyanka , Arora Anju , Panwar R.K. , Verma S.K.
Published: March 2022

Background: The productivity of chickpea needs to be increased significantly to exploit the maximum benefit from the increasing world market demand for this crop. Hence, the objective of this study was to find suitable heterotic cross combinations for yield and yield related traits in chickpea. Methods: The present study on chickpea was conducted at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, during rabi season of 2018-2019. It comprised a half-diallel set of seven diverse parents viz. PG5 and PG170 and five ICRISAT chickpea collections viz. ICC13124, ICC14778, ICC14815, ICC16348 and ICC16349 and their 21 F1 crosses were used for heterosis studies through 7×7 diallel analysis with respect to seed yield and other yield contributing traits. Result: Variance components of combining ability revealed that both additive and non-additive gene actions were important for yield and yield related traits. The parent ICC13124 was best general combiner for yield and related traits. It was also one of the parents in best specific combinations for seed yield. The crosses viz. PG170×ICC16349 (7.15), ICC13124×ICC14815 (3.22) and ICC13124×ICC14778 (3.00) were the best specific cross combinations for seed yield. The highest heterosis for seed yield was observed in cross PG170×ICC16349 (73.14%) followed by ICC13124×ICC14815 (43.17%) and ICC13124×ICC14778 (41.09%). The results showed direct association between the specific combining abilities of the crosses and heterotic response indicating the involvement of additive × additive type of interactions causing heterosis. Hence, the GCA, SCA and per se performance of the crosses should be given equal importance while selecting for heterotic combinations.