bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sources of variation in the serum metabolome of female participants of the HUNT2 study
Authors: Debik Julia , Mrowiec Katarzyna , Kurczyk Agata , Widłak Piotr , Jelonek Karol , Bathen Tone F. , Giskeødegård Guro F.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to explore the intricate relationship between serum metabolomics and lifestyle factors, shedding light on their impact on health in the context of breast cancer risk. Detailed metabolic profiles of 2283 female participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT study) were obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS).

We show that lifestyle-related variables can explain up to 30% of the variance in individual metabolites. Age and obesity were the primary factors affecting the serum metabolic profile, both associated with increased levels of triglyceride-rich very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), amino acids and glycolysis-related metabolites, and decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Moreover, factors like hormonal changes associated with menstruation and contraceptive use or education level influence the metabolite levels.

Participants were clustered into three distinct clusters based on lifestyle-related factors, revealing metabolic similarities between obese and older individuals, despite diverse lifestyle factors, suggesting accelerated metabolic aging with obesity. Our results show that metabolic associations to cancer risk may partly be explained by modifiable lifestyle factors.
Sedimentary biomarkers of human presence and taro cultivation reveal early horticulture in Remote Oceania
Authors: Camperio Giorgia , Ladd S. Nemiah , Prebble Matiu , Lloren Ronald , Argiriadis Elena , Nelson Daniel B. , Krentscher Christiane , Dubois Nathalie
Published: November 2024

Remote Oceania was among the last places settled by humans. However, the timing of initial human settlements and the early introduction of horticulture remain debated. We retrieved a sediment core close to Teouma, the oldest cemetery in Remote Oceania that reveals evidence of initial settlement, horticulture practice, and concurrent climatic conditions on the island of Efate, Vanuatu. Sedimentary biomarkers indicating human presence (coprostanol and epicoprostanol), and taro cultivation (palmitone), increase simultaneously, attesting to the early introduction of horticulture by first settlers. The precipitation signal preserved in leaf waxes shows that the initial settlement occurred during a period of increasing wetness—climatic conditions favourable for the establishment of horticulture. The timing of these events is constrained by a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology that places the first unequivocal trace of human activity and horticulture at 2800 years ago. These findings advance our understanding of human history in the Pacific.
Towards a method for forecasting earthquakes in Iceland using changes in groundwater chemistry
Authors: Skelton Alasdair , Sturkell Erik , Mörth Carl-Magnus , Stockmann Gabrielle , Jónsson Sigurjón , Stefansson Andri , Liljedahl‐Claesson Lillemor , Wästeby Niklas , Andrén Margareta , Tollefsen Elin , Gunnarsson Robin Jóhann , Keller Nicole , Geirsson Halldór , Hjartarson Hreinn , Kockum Ingrid
Published: November 2024

An advance has been made towards a method for forecasting earthquakes several months before they occur. The method relies on changes of groundwater chemistry as earthquake precursors. In a study published in 2014, we showed that changes of groundwater chemistry occurred prior to and were associated with two earthquakes of magnitude 5 and higher, which affected northern Iceland in 2012 and 2013. Here we test the hypothesis that similar or larger earthquakes could have been forecast in the following decade (i.e. 2014–2023) based on our published findings. We found that we could have forecast one of the three greater than magnitude 5 earthquakes that occurred. Noting that changes of groundwater chemistry were oscillatory, we infer expansion and contraction of the groundwater source region caused by coupled crustal dilation and fracture mineralisation associated with the stress build-up before earthquakes. We conclude by proposing how our approach could be implemented elsewhere.
General feature selection technique supporting sex-debiasing in chronic illness algorithms validated using wearable device data
Authors: Burks Jamison H. , Bruce Lauryn Keeler , Kasl Patrick , Soltani Severine , Viswanath Varun , Hartogensis Wendy , Dilchert Stephan , Hecht Frederick M. , Dasgupta Subhasis , Altintas Ilkay , Gupta Amarnath , Mason Ashley E. , Smarr Benjamin L.
Published: November 2024

In tasks involving human health condition data, feature selection is heavily affected by data types, the complexity of the condition manifestation, and the variability in physiological presentation. One type of variability often overlooked or oversimplified is the effect of biological sex. As females have been chronically underrepresented in clinical research, we know less about how conditions manifest in females. Innovations in wearable technology have enabled individuals to generate high temporal resolution data for extended periods of time. With millions of days of data now available, additional feature selection pipelines should be developed to systematically identify sex-dependent variability in data, along with the effects of how many per-person data are included in analysis. Here we present a set of statistical approaches as a technique for identifying sex-dependent physiological and behavioral manifestations of complex diseases starting from longitudinal data, which are evaluated on diabetes, hypertension, and their comorbidity.
Cholesterol- and ssDNA-binding fusion protein-mediated DNA tethering on the plasma membrane
Authors: Nishida Kei , Ishizuka Minon , Kobatake Eiry , Mie Masayasu
Published: November 2024

A fusion protein composed of cholesterol-binding protein (ALOD4) and ssDNA-binding protein (Rep) was designed for ssDNA tethering on the cell surface.
Interphase formation versus fluoride-ion insertion in tunnel-structured transition metal antimonites
Authors: Giem Alice R. , Ayala Jaime R. , Cheng Jingxiang , Weiland Conan , Jaye Cherno , Fischer Daniel A. , Banerjee Sarbajit
Published: November 2024

Understanding the competitive nature of insertion versus interphase formation is key to the design of insertion electrodes of fluoride-ion batteries.
Visible light-activated polyphenol–Al3+ coordination for ambient and quantitative xylose-to-furfural conversion
Authors: Huang Jinshu , Luo Qizhi , Liu Tengyu , Yang Song , Li Hu
Published: November 2024

Visible light-enhanced coordination of polyphenol–Al3+ is uncovered to switch Lewis/Brønsted acid sites for room-temperature cascade upgrading of xylose to furfural in ultrahigh yields.
Synthesis of phosphate stabilised iodanes and their application in intramolecular aryl migrations
Authors: Koch Jan Rick , Damrath Mattis , Puylaert Pim , Nachtsheim Boris J.
Published: November 2024

Phosphate-stabilized hydroxy(aryl) iodanes and diaryliodonium salts are synthesized, characterized, and finally utilized in base-induced aryl migrations in water.
An effective orange-red solution-processed circularly polarized organic light-emitting diode
Authors: Wang Junqing , Lai Xiaoyi , Zhou Yongzhi , Hua Lei , Zhu Weiguo , Duan Pengfei , Wang Yafei
Published: November 2024

Two orange-red emission circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (R)-ad-PXZ/(S)-ad-PXZ were synthesized. The solution processable device exhibits the maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.0% and gEL value of 10−3.
A water-soluble Gd(iii)-based fluorescence/T1-MR dual-modality probe for H2S sensing
Authors: Mak Ho-Nam , Lu Xuanyi , Pan Siyu , Gu Yanjuan , Jiang Lijun , Wong Wing-Tak
Published: November 2024

We present a water-soluble fluorescence/MR dual-modality probe NBD[Gd] for H2S detection.
Anatase/TiO2(B) homojunction nanosheets with a gold cocatalyst for direct photocatalytic coupling of methane to ethane
Authors: Lu Xuanzhao , Luo Huanhuan , Xu Biyang , Liu Zhuo , Cao Yue , Li Kai , Yang Xiaohan , Xie Liangyiqun , Guan Tao , Zhu Wenlei , Zhou Yang
Published: November 2024

An anatase/TiO2(B) homojunction with Au nanoparticles achieves an ethane yield of 170 μmol g−1 h−1, as the homojunction provides a more moderate environment for methane dehydrogenation.
Fluorinated vs. non-fluorinated tetrahedral Tri4Tri4 porous organic cages for H2, CO2, and CH4 adsorption
Authors: David Tim , Oestreich Robert , Pausch Tobias , Wada Yuki , Fleck-Kunde Tom , Kawano Masaki , Janiak Christoph , Schmidt Bernd M.
Published: November 2024

The fluorinated Et4F4 and non-fluorinated Et4H4 were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and sorption studies, revealing correlations in stability, porosity, and selectivity due to structural and electronic differences.
Improving macromolecule crowding configurations in nanopores for protein sensing
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li HongLuan , Yang Jun , Wang Haiyan , Qin Guangle , Chen Dapeng , Sha Jingjie
Published: November 2024

We show that PEG-induced macromolecular crowding enhances protein detection in nanopores by increasing capture rate and translocation frequency.
I2BODIPY as a new photoswitchable spin label for light-induced pulsed EPR dipolar spectroscopy exploiting magnetophotoselection
Authors: Bertran Arnau , Ciuti Susanna , Panariti Daniele , Rogers Ciarán J. , Wang Haiqing , Zhao Jianzhang , Timmel Christiane R. , Gobbo Marina , Barbon Antonio , Di Valentin Marilena , Bowen Alice M.
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate that the triplet state of I2BODIPY can be employed as a spin label for EPR distance determination using magnetophotoselection for increased orientational selectivity.
Transport-driven chemical oscillations: a review
Authors: Budroni M. A. , Rossi F.
Published: November 2024

We review possible routes that can lead to periodic compositional changes in chemical systems due to transport-driven instabilities, and related impacts on fundamental and applied problems.
Powder X-ray diffraction assisted evolutionary algorithm for crystal structure prediction
Authors: Racioppi Stefano , Otero-de-la-Roza Alberto , Hajinazar Samad , Zurek Eva
Published: November 2024

First PXRD assisted crystal structure prediction method that can correct for temperature, strain, and choice of computational method.
Recent advances in discrete Cu complexes for enhanced chemodynamic therapy
Authors: Hong Zhaoguo , Zhang Liangliang , Liang Hong , Huang Fu-Ping
Published: November 2024

Cu-based metal complex multifunctionalization for enhanced CDT.
A bulk photovoltaic effect in a zero-dimensional room-temperature molecular ferroelectric [C8N2H22]1.5[Bi2I9]
Authors: Chen Zhibo , Luo Tianhong , Wen Jinrong , Liu Zhanqiang , Hou Jingshan , Fang Yongzheng , Zhang Ganghua
Published: November 2024

A polarization-enhanced photovoltaic effect has been achieved in a zero-dimensional room-temperature molecular ferroelectric [C8N2H22]1.5[Bi2I9].
Rhenium(i) and technetium(i) complexes with megazol derivatives: towards the development of a theranostic platform for Chagas disease
Authors: Gonçalves Ana C. R. , Libardi Silvia H. , Borges Júlio C. , Oliveira Ronaldo J. , Gotzmann Carla , Blacque Olivier , de Albuquerque Sergio , Lopes Carla D. , Alberto Roger , Maia Pedro I. S.
Published: November 2024

This study suggests that megazol derivatives and their complexes with Re(CO)3+ are potent trypanocidal agents having TcOYE as a possible biological target. The labelling of megazol with 99mTc also indicates this system for theranostic applications.
Switchable, chiral aluminium catalysts for ring opening polymerisations
Authors: Jenkins David T. , Trodden Elizabeth C. , Andresen John M. , Mansell Stephen M. , McIntosh Ruaraidh D.
Published: November 2024

A switchable, solvent-free catalytic system was developed in which Al catalysts selectively initiate either the formation of polyether or polycarbonate through the application of a PPNCl (bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride) cocatalyst.
Ordered grain boundary reconstruction induces high-efficiency thermoelectric power generation in SnTe
Authors: Deng Qian , Zhang Fujie , Yang Xiaoyu , Li Ruiheng , Xia Chengliang , Nan Pengfei , Chen Yue , Ge Binghui , Ang Ran , He Jiaqing
Published: November 2024

The “ordered grain boundary reconstruction” significantly improved the thermoelectric performance of SnTe, achieving a record conversion efficiency of ∼10.5%.
Delivering metribuzin from biodegradable nanocarriers: assessing herbicidal effects for soybean plant protection and weed control
Authors: Takeshita Vanessa , Oliveira Felipe F. , Garcia Alvaro , Zuverza-Mena Nubia , Tamez Carlos , Cardoso Brian C. , Pinácio Camila W. , Steven Blaire , LaReau Jacquelyn , Astete Carlos E. , Sabliov Cristina M. , Fraceto Leonardo F. , Tornisielo Valdemar L. , Dimkpa Christian O. , White Jason C.
Published: November 2024

Metribuzin herbicide nanoformulations effects.
Efficient freeze-drying of foamed strawberry puree: a study on drying kinetics and physicochemical properties
Authors: Zhou Zhihao , Parra-Escudero Carlos , Du Hengjun , Guo Xiaojing , Wang Qi , Xiao Hang , Lu Jiakai
Published: November 2024

Foam mat drying is an efficient and cost-effective method for producing high-quality strawberry powder.
Microstring-engineered tension tissues: a novel platform for replicating tissue mechanics and advancing mechanobiology
Authors: Zhou Zixing , Li Tingting , Cai Wei , Zhu Xiaobin , Zhang Zuoqi , Huang Guoyou
Published: November 2024

A simple, cost-effective approach for fabricating soft microstring chips that enables precise engineering of tension tissues (METTs), advancing research in mechanobiology and biomedical applications.
Discretised microfluidics for noninvasive health monitoring using sweat sensing
Authors: Moonen Emma J. M. , Verberne Walther , Pelssers Eduard , Heikenfeld Jason , den Toonder Jaap M. J.
Published: November 2024

We present the first wearable device with integrated electrowetting, which collects and transports sweat from single glands and measures sweat rate for extremely low sweat rate. This enables non-invasive biomarker monitoring of hospitalized patients.
Enhancing the cycling performance of manganese oxides through pre-sodiation for aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Williams Anjeline , Nayak Prasant Kumar
Published: November 2024

Earth abundant pre-sodiated manganese oxide Na0.6MnO2 exhibits excellent cycling stability (77%) compared to Mn2O3 (26%) after 150 cycles for aqueous Zn-ion batteries.
Probing the thermoelectric and optical performance of half-Heusler PtZrX (X = Si, Ge) semiconductors: a first principles investigation
Authors: Gurunani Bharti , Gupta Dinesh C.
Published: November 2024

The study uses DFT-based calculations via WIEN2k to examine PtZrX alloys (X = Si, Ge), assessing mechanical, electronic, thermal, optical, and thermoelectric properties. PtZrSi and PtZrGe show indirect bandgaps (1.43 eV, 1.32 eV) and thermodynamic stability, with potential in optoelectronics.
Progress and perspectives of rapid Joule heating for the preparation of highly efficient catalysts
Authors: Zhao Zhan , Wu Ting , Li Xiang , Chen Yiming , Meng Xiangchao
Published: November 2024

Functional catalytic materials play an important role in environmental, biological, energy, and other fields, wherein unique properties can be endowed through various synthesis strategies.
Edge-doped substituents as an emerging atomic-level strategy for enhancing M–N4–C single-atom catalysts in electrocatalysis of the ORR, OER, and HER
Authors: Xie Liang , Zhou Wei , Qu Zhibin , Huang Yuming , Li Longhao , Yang Chaowei , Li Junfeng , Meng Xiaoxiao , Sun Fei , Gao Jihui , Zhao Guangbo
Published: November 2024

Study on edge-doped M–N4–C catalysts (MN4) reveals substituent effects (including electronic effects and structural effects) on ORR, OER, HER activities.
Photophysical and optoelectronic studies of 1.06 and 13.3 μm emissive neodymium complexes
Authors: Ahmed Zubair , Ali Asgar , Imam Faisal , Carvalho Rafael S. , Cremona Marco
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the synthesis, thorough characterizations, and near-infrared (NIR) photophysical and optoelectronic properties of four original ternary neodymium complexes, [Nd(hth)3(L)x] (x = 1 or 2).
A novel Zr-MOF and its In2S3/Zr-MOF heterojunction materials for decontamination of Cr(vi) and reactive blue 13 via fluorescence sensing detection and photochemical redox
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhai Wei-Li , Liu Jie , Qin Ying-Tong , Ye Zhou-Cao , Duan Jie , Cai Xin-Bin , Wang Zhi-Gang , Li Qing , Zhu Wei
Published: November 2024

A novel Zr-MOF and its heterojunction materials were designed, which perform highly efficient fluorescence quenching sensing of Cr(vi) ions, and photocatalytic decontamination towards Cr(vi) and reactive dyes under xenon lamp.
Sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate-mediated photocatalytic aerobic oxidative esterification of aromatic aldehydes and alcohols
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhu Xianjin , Zhang Yue , Yi Zhengyi , Yang Xiaobo , Fu Hua
Published: November 2024

A sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate-mediated photocatalytic strategy for the aerobic oxidative esterification of aromatic aldehydes and alcohols has been developed, and the corresponding aromatic esters were provided in moderate to good yields.
Azophotoswitches containing thiazole, isothiazole, thiadiazole, and isothiadiazole
Authors: Cheruthu Nusaiba Madappuram , Hashim P. K. , Sahu Saugata , Takahashi Kiyonori , Nakamura Takayoshi , Mitomo Hideyuki , Ijiro Kuniharu , Tamaoki Nobuyuki
Published: November 2024

Novel heterocyclic azophotoswitches synthesized in a single step demonstrate sensitivity to visible light.
Direct synthesis of enone-hydrazones under solvent free and additive free conditions
Authors: He Kun , Zeng Weikun , Yu Xianglin , Zhou Jun , Jin Yi
Published: November 2024

A series of enone-hydrazones were synthesized through the reaction of enaminones with hydrazones under solvent-free, additive-free, and metal-catalyst-free conditions.
Hierarchical FeCo LDH/NiSe heterostructure electrocatalysts with rich heterointerfaces for robust water splitting at an industrial-level current density
Authors: Han Weiwei , Wang Wenyi , Liao Jiahong , He Yi , Zhang Xingwang , Yu Chunlin
Published: November 2024

A hierarchical FeCo LDH/NiSe@NF nanowire–nanosheet heterostructure was fabricated via a two-step hydrothermal–electrodeposition strategy with excellent large-current-density OER activity and long-term stability.
Stereocontrolled synthesis of heterocycles from unactivated alkynes by photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed cyclization
Authors: Leng Bo-Rong , Yang Feng , Bai Jin-Lian , Huang Yu-Wen , Liu Qing-Quan , Wei Ping , Wang De-Cai , Zhu Yi-Long
Published: November 2024

We report a nickel/photoredox dual catalysis method for synthesizing heterocyclics from unactivated alkynes and aryl iodides, offering a direct, selective, and green alternative to traditional synthesis with potential in medicinal chemistry.
Synthesis of oxa-bridged carbocycles via rhodium/Lewis acid catalyzed [3 + 3] and [4 + 3] cycloadditions of carbonyl ylides with donor–acceptor strained carbocycles
Authors: Li Jiale , Wang Lingfei , Liu Pei-Nian , Li Xingguang
Published: November 2024

A method for cooperative rhodium/Lewis acid-catalyzed cycloadditions of carbonyl ylides with donor–acceptor (D–A) strained carbocycles is described. It affords structurally diverse oxa-bridged carbocycles with high efficiency and stereoselectivity.
DFT investigation of the mechanism and role of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) in constructing asymmetric organosilanes using NHC-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Alipour Batoul
Published: November 2024

The mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity for the synthesis of asymmetric organosilanes using NHC are theoretically investigated.
Advanced oxidative degradation of monoethanolamine in water using ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Khan Atif , Yasin Saima , Mahmood Hamayoun , Afzal Shabana , Iqbal Tanveer
Published: November 2024

Development of an eco-friendly and commercially feasible method for monoethanolamine (MEA) degradation in aqueous phase using ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) advanced oxidation process (AOP).
Superior low temperature activity over α-MnO2/β-MnOOH catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia
Authors: Takemoto Masanori , Fujinuma Haruko , Sugawara Yoshihiro , Sasaki Yukichi , Iyoki Kenta , Okubo Tatsuya , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Wakihara Toru
Published: November 2024

α-MnO2/β-MnOOH catalysts were synthesized by post-synthetic planetary ball milling for OMS-2, enhancing catalytic activity in low-temperature NH3-SCR.
Multimodal integrated flexible neural probe for in situ monitoring of EEG and lactic acid
Authors: Zhang Luxi , Xia Jie , Li Boyu , Cao Zhen , Dong Shurong
Published: November 2024

In physiological activities, the brain's electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and chemical concentration change are crucial for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders.
Low temperature synthesis of franklinite stabilized cefixime as a multifunctional nanoformulation
Authors: Munsaf Amna , Ahmed Muhammad Naeem , Zafar Aroosa , Akram Bilal , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A.
Published: November 2024

Cefixime, an antibiotic with low solubility, stability, bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness, needs to be administered in larger doses for effective treatment.
Correction: Luminescence properties of Bi3+/Sm3+ co-doped K3Gd5(PO4)6 phosphors for self-referencing optical thermometry
Authors: Wang Jing , Song Mingjun , Xue Junpeng , Bi Shala , Seo Hyo Jin
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘Luminescence properties of Bi3+/Sm3+ co-doped K3Gd5(PO4)6 phosphors for self-referencing optical thermometry’ by Jing Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 31398–31408. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA06205A.
The engineering of CO2 hydrogenation catalysts for higher alcohol synthesis
Authors: Tan Angie F. J. , Isnaini Muhammad Dody , Phisalaphong Muenduen , Yip Alex C. K.
Published: November 2024

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions have drawn significant attention in recent years.
2002–2022: 20 years of e-waste regulation in the European Union and the worldwide trends in legislation and innovation technologies for a circular economy
Authors: Serpe A. , Purchase D. , Bisschop L. , Chatterjee D. , De Gioannis G. , Garelick H. , Kumar A. , Peijnenburg W. J. G. M. , Piro V. M. I. , Cera M. , Shevah Y. , Verbeek S.
Published: November 2024

In the framework of e-waste management regulations, synergistic green chemistry & engineering are powerful in addressing a sustainable circular economy.
The superior mineralization potential of a graphitic carbon nitride/titanium dioxide composite and its application in the construction of a portable photocatalytic air purification system against gaseous formaldehyde
Authors: Cho Myeon-Seong , Younis Sherif A. , Lee Caroline. S. , Li Xiaowei , Kim Ki-Hyun
Published: November 2024

This study highlights the superiority of g-C3N4/TiO2 as an S-scheme photocatalyst with the enhanced intrinsic redox capabilities to actively mineralize gaseous formaldehyde (FA) across varying humidity levels at low-power UV light irradiation (1 W).
Sustainable castor oil-derived cross-linked poly(ester-urethane) elastomeric films for stretchable transparent conductive electrodes and heaters
Authors: Laukkanen Timo , Reddy Pulikanti Guruprasad , Barua Amit , Kumar Manish , Kolpakov Kristofer , Tirri Teija , Sharma Vipul
Published: November 2024

A new class of sustainable castor oil-based cross-linked poly(ester-urethane) elastomer with high transmittance, stretchability, flexibility, thermal and chemical stability was developed for flexible transparent strain sensors and heaters.
Evolution of small molecules as photocatalysts towards production of green hydrogen
Authors: Gorai Tumpa , Singh Surya Prakash
Published: November 2024

Small molecule-based semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen gas production are gaining increased interest with the growing need for sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel sources.
Diffusion behaviors of lithium ions at the cathode/electrolyte interface from a global neural network potential
Authors: Sun Yufeng , Shang Cheng , Fang Yi-Bin , Liu Zhi-Pan , Gong Xin-Gao , Yang Ji-Hui
Published: November 2024

The diffusion of Li ions plays a vital role and has been the central topic of the Li-ion battery (LIB) research.
Carboxymethyldextran sodium-modified SnO2 enables highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with a high fill factor of 84.89%
Authors: Luo Qi , Li Bowen , Ju Chenyu , Weng Hongxin , Zhang Hong , Dai Qihao , Liu Pengfei , Xiong Hao , Zheng Kunyuan , Xiang Peng , Tan Xinyu
Published: November 2024

Carboxymethyldextran sodium (CMD) was used to modify tin dioxide to prepare highly efficient and stable SnO2-based perovskite solar cells, in which the filling factor was as high as 84.89%.
Novel nano-C@BaTiO3 fibers/polar trans-cyclohexane modified polyimide composite films with enhanced dielectric properties and energy storage density
Authors: Jiang Xingwu , Wang Xiang , Liu Peifeng , Huang Jinzheng
Published: November 2024

Polyimide (PI), a kind of polymer with excellent heat resistance, processing, mechanical and electrical insulation performance, stands out as a prime candidate for advanced dielectric energy storage materials.
Shola: a 3D porous hydrophobic–oleophilic lignocellulosic material for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Mondal Keya , Advani Kushagra , Ghosh Snigdha , Shanmugnathan Kadhiravan , Kulsi Goutam , Sivaram Swaminathan , Sen Gupta Sayam
Published: November 2024

Shola, a natural shrub abundant in Bengal (India), has been used for centuries to make decorative crafts for social and religious ceremonies. It was found to be a highly porous and lightweight material composed of predominantly amorphous cellulose and a useful sorbent for removing oil from water.
Nanomaterials and methods for cancer therapy: 2D materials, biomolecules, and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Kedir Welela M. , Li Lunna , Tan Yaw Sing , Bajalovic Natasa , Loke Desmond K.
Published: November 2024

Nanomaterials made from 2D semiconductors and biomolecules are reviewed. Cell-nanoparticle interactions are examined in recent simulations. These nanomaterials and MD simulations reveal novel mechanisms and enable cancer drug delivery and targeting.
Machine learning-assisted pattern recognition and imaging of multiplexed cancer cells via a porphyrin-embedded dendrimer array
Authors: Hu Jiabao , Ni Weiwei , Han Mengting , Zhan Yunzhen , Li Fei , Huang Hui , Han Jinsong
Published: November 2024

The new 5-element porphyrin block copolymer sensor array allows simultaneous cell imaging and tumor type identification, offering promise for clinical applications.
Investigation of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and 3,4-dimethoxythiophene as linkage units for multi-dimensional dimeric acceptors
Authors: Yuan Shaohui , Lan Baofa , Ji Xinyi , Wang Jiaying , Zhao Wenkai , Long Guankui , Wan Xiangjian , Kan Bin , Chen Yongsheng
Published: November 2024

Organic solar cell utilizing the 3D dimeric acceptor CH8-9, which features a 3,4-dimethoxythiophene linkage unit, achieved a higher power conversion efficiency of 16.3% compared to CH8-8, which employs a 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene linkage unit.
Role of Br–Cl distribution uniformity on the spectral stability of blue emitting mixed-halide perovskites
Authors: Chen Dan , Mao Yu , Huang Xianglan , Zhao Jichen , Zhang Zhiyuan , Wang Jian , Peng Junbiao
Published: November 2024

Our findings show that the spectral stability of the quasi-2D perovskite system is mainly affected by the uniformity of the Br–Cl distribution, rather than defects.
Pyroptotic executioner pore-forming protein gasdermin D forms oligomeric assembly and exhibits amyloid-like attributes that could contribute for its pore-forming function
Authors: Chatterjee Shamaita , Gupta Tarang , Kaur Gurvinder , Chattopadhyay Kausik
Published: November 2024

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is the chief executioner of inflammatory cell death or pyroptosis. During pyroptosis, proteolytic processing of GSDMD releases its N-terminal domain (NTD), which then forms large oligomeric pores in the plasma membranes. Membrane pore-formation by NTD allows the release of inflammatory cytokines and causes membrane damage to induce cell death. Structural mechanisms of GSDMD-mediated membrane pore-formation have been extensively studied. However, less effort has been made to understand the physicochemical properties of GSDMD and their functional implications. Here, we explore detailed characterization of the physicochemical properties of mouse GSDMD (mGSDMD), and their implications in regulating the pore-forming function. Our study reveals that mGSDMD shows some of the hallmark features of amyloids, and forms oligomeric assemblies in solution that are critically dependent on the disulfide bond-forming ability of the protein. mGSDMD oligomeric assemblies do not resemble typical amyloid fibrils/aggregates, and do not show resistance to proteolytic degradation that is otherwise observed with the conventional amyloids. Our results further elucidate the essential role of an amyloid-prone region (APR) in the oligomerization and amyloid-like features of mGSDMD. Furthermore, alteration of this APR leads to compromised pore-forming ability and cell-killing activity of NTD released from mGSDMD. Taken together, our study for the first time provides crucial new insights regarding implications of the amyloid-like property of mGSDMD in regulating its pore-forming function, which is an essential requirement for this pyroptotic executioner. To the best of our knowledge, such mode of regulation of mGSDMD-function has not been appreciated so far.
Mentorship of New(er) School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Beyond the Clinical Fellowship: A Pilot Study
Authors: Becker Robyn
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the perspectives of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with varying levels of experience to identify the components of a postclinical fellow (CF) school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program, barriers to implementation, and potential solutions.

Method:

After seeking feedback from school-based SLPs, a survey was created and distributed via e-mail and national social media sites. Topics included gathering perspectives about experiences with school-based speech-language pathology mentorship, components of a possible post-CF mentorship program, barriers to implementation, and potential solutions.

Results:

Sixty-five school-based SLPs with varying years of experience responded to the survey. Results suggested that respondents felt a setting-specific post-CF school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program may be valuable. Time, compensation, and filling knowledge gaps were identified as both important components of a mentor program but also potential challenges to implementation.

Conclusions:

A post-CF school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program has the potential to be beneficial to both parties in tangible and intangible ways. SLPs appear to be interested in mentorship not only as a way to support future generations of SLPs but also for a sense of self-fulfillment and professional development. A formal mentorship program may operationalize support related to decision making, advocacy, paperwork, scheduling, and working through challenging cases.
Inferring stellar parameters and their uncertainties from high-resolution spectroscopy using invertible neural networks
Authors: Candebat N. , Sacco G. G. , Magrini L. , Belfiore F. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Zibetti S.
Published: November 2024

Context. New spectroscopic surveys will increase the number of astronomical objects in need of characterisation by more than an order of magnitude. Machine learning tools are required to address this data deluge in a fast and accurate fashion. Most machine learning algorithms cannot directly estimate error, making them unsuitable for reliable science.

Aims. We aim to train a supervised deep-learning algorithm tailored for high-resolution observational stellar spectra. This algorithm accurately infers precise estimates while providing coherent estimates of uncertainties by leveraging information from both the neural network and the spectra.

Methods. We trained a conditional invertible neural network (cINN) on observational spectroscopic data obtained from the GIRAFFE spectrograph (HR 10 and HR 21 setups) within the Gaia-ESO survey. A key feature of cINN is its ability to produce the Bayesian posterior distribution of parameters for each spectrum. By analysing this distribution, we inferred stellar parameters and their corresponding uncertainties. We carried out several tests to investigate how parameters are inferred and errors are estimated.

Results. We achieved an accuracy of 28 K in Teff, 0.06 dex in log ɡ, 0.03 dex in [Fe/H], and between 0.05 dex and 0.17 dex for the other abundances for high-quality spectra. Accuracy remains stable with low signal-to-noise ratio (between 5 and 25) spectra, with an accuracy of 39 K in Teff, 0.08 dex in log ɡ, and 0.05 dex in [Fe/H]. The uncertainties obtained are well within the same order of magnitude. The network accurately reproduces astrophysical relationships both on the scale of the Milky Way and within smaller star clusters. We created a table containing the new parameters generated by our cINN.

Conclusions. This neural network represents a compelling proposition for future astronomical surveys. These derived uncertainties are coherent and can therefore be reused in future works as Bayesian priors.
Investigation of the nature of the wind interaction in HD 93205 based on multi-epoch X-ray observations
Authors: Arora Bharti , De Becker Michaël
Published: November 2024

Context. The study of the X-ray emission from massive binaries constitutes a relevant approach to investigate shock physics. The case of short period binaries may turn out to be quite challenging, especially in very asymmetric systems where the primary wind may overwhelm that of the secondary in the wind interaction.

Aims. Our objective consists in providing an observational diagnostic of the X-ray behavior of HD 93205, which is a very good candidate with which to investigate these aspects.

Methods. We analyzed 31 epochs of XMM-Newton X-ray data spanning about two decades to investigate its spectral and timing behavior.

Results. The X-ray spectrum is very soft along the full orbit, with a luminosity exclusively from the wind interaction region in the range of 2.3–5.4×1032 erg s−1. The light curve peaks close to periastron, with a rather wide pre-periastron low state coincident with the secondary’s body hiding a part of the X-ray emitting region close to its surface. We determined a variability timescale of 6.0807 ± 0.0013 d, in full agreement with the orbital period. Making use of a one-dimensional approach to deal with mutual radiative effects, our results point to a very likely hybrid wind interaction, with a wind photosphere occurring along most of the orbit, while a brief episode of wind-wind interaction may still develop close to apastron. Besides mutual radiative effects, the radiative nature of the shock that leads to some additional pre-shock obliquity of the primary wind flow certainly explains the very soft emission.

Conclusions. HD 93205 constitutes a relevant target to investigate shock physics in short period, asymmetric massive binary systems, where various mutual radiative effects and radiative shocks concur to display an instructive soft X-ray behavior. HD 93205 should be considered as a valid, though challenging target for future three-dimensional modeling initiatives.
Analysis of Stress-Coping Behavior of Female Tahfiz students at an Islamic Boarding School X Semarang City: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aulia Anisa , Prabamurti Priyadi Nugraha , Kusumawati Aditya
Published: November 2024

Maha santri tahfiz is a term for students who live in Islamic boarding schools and are memorizing the Quran with a load three times heavier because of college, as students and memorizers of the Qur’an who must be strict in managing their time, which causes them to be often depressed so that they are easily stressed. The purpose of the study was to analyze the coping behavior of female tahfiz students. The research uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population is 60 students with a total sampling sample. The results showed that age (p=0.036) was related to coping behavior, stress, emotion, focused coping, but not related to coping, stress, problem, focused coping. The variables of college majors, knowledge, attitudes, availability of facilities and infrastructure, availability of information, and attitudes and behaviors of the closest people are not related to the two behaviors of coping stress. Islamic boarding schools need to review the tahfiz program related to the minimum age limit and need preventive promotional efforts related to mental health problems from health and educational institutions in Islamic boarding schools
G factor of the ESG agenda in the context of sustainable development of Russian electric power companies
Authors: Sheveleva Galina I.
Published: November 2024

Reducing associated investment risks in the context of the modern ESG agenda requires a certain transformation of corporate governance in Russian power generation companies. In order to achieve this objective, a correlation analysis was carried out between the generalized G components of the ESG agenda and the principles outlined in the Russian Corporate Governance Code (Code). The priority G components of authoritative international rating agencies and the largest foreign companies, leading national rating agencies, and the Bank of Russia were examined. The study involved the analysis of Russian power generation companies that are voluntarily enhancing their corporate governance practices. The results of a general assessment of their corporate governance and additional analysis of the fulfilment of the criteria for each section of the Code are presented. The data obtained are summarized and proposals for further transformations of corporate governance in these companies are formulated. These proposals are highly relevant in the context of sustainable development of these companies. They concern the reformatting of the ownership structure and business ethics into separate G components with an appropriate set of evaluation criteria, and the introduction of modern compliance control.
Climate neutral and smart cities: Towards the energy transition
Authors: Nucci Carlo Alberto
Published: November 2024

The goal of achieving global climate neutrality, as outlined by the Conference of Parties and the EU Green Deal, focuses on urban areas and their energy dynamics. Despite efforts, the reliance on fossil fuels highlights the need for a practical transition to diverse energy sources. This includes improving power plant efficiency and integrating renewables like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Electrifying sectors, diversifying energy sources, deploy storage systems and are crucial to reducing dependency. Research on nuclear energy and hydrogen, is essential too. Europe aims to support 100 cities in achieving climate neutrality by 2030, using innovation, financial tools, and “Climate City Contracts” (CCC) to guide the process. Within this context, renewable energy communities could contribute up to 20% of urban energy by 2030, emphasizing the need for advanced electricity systems/smart grids.
Caractérisation in vitro de l’effet antimicrobien des huiles essentielles utilisées comme thérapie alternative en médecine vétérinaire équine
Authors: Kokabi Eléna , Bouchart Valérie , Pronost Stéphane , Lussot-Kervern Isabelle , Léon-Seck Albertine
Published: November 2024

Pour la première fois, une caractérisation chimique des huiles essentielles (HE) a été réalisée en parallèle de la caractérisation de leur spectre d’activité in vitro. Elle entrevoit une sortie de l’impasse thérapeutique causée par l’augmentation de la résistance aux antibiotiques. De plus, cette étude révèle l’intérêt des huiles essentielles dont l’effet antibactérien est observé indifféremment sur une souche de phénotype sauvage et de phénotype résistant isolée d’un cas clinique. Elle avertit également sur la cytotoxicité in vitro des huiles essentielles, qui n’a pas permis de vérifier l’effet antiviral avec le modèle cellulaire utilisé en laboratoire. Par ailleurs, cette étude a permis de comparer l’effet des huiles essentielles par rapport à leur principe actif, mettant en évidence des synergies ou des antagonismes selon les molécules actives au sein d’une même huile. Elle contribue à fournir à la communauté scientifique des éléments chiffrés à prendre en compte comme base pour l’utilisation in vivo des huiles essentielles comme thérapie complémentaire chez le cheval.
Helminth diversity and seasonality of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in hedgehogs from Mallorca
Authors: Delgado-Serra Sofia , Sola Jessica , Puig Riera Miquel , Jaume-Ramis Sebastià , Sanz-Aguilar Ana , Paredes-Esquivel Claudia
Published: November 2024

Sentinel surveillance plays a critical role in monitoring pathogen circulation, assessing potential threats for species conservation, and evaluating the risk of spillover to human populations. This study provides a comprehensive exploration of helminth parasites in the Mediterranean-distributed hedgehog species Atelerix algirus in Mallorca, Balearic Islands. Using an integrated approach that combines necropsies and morphological and molecular identifications using the COI gene, we identified 11 helminth taxa in 135 hedgehogs, representing half of those that died at the local wildlife hospital in Mallorca between 2019 and 2022. We report an overall A. cantonensis prevalence of 11.5% and confirm the first case of a subclinical neuroangiostrongyliasis infection in a wildlife host. Infection prevalences over the year revealed that only two species, the nematode A. cantonensis and the cestode Mathevotaenia sp., had a seasonal pattern, with most A. cantonensis cases occurring in autumn and, to a lesser extent, Mathevotaenia sp. cases in winter. This pattern is probably due to the higher abundance and greater activity of snails and slugs (intermediate hosts) during these seasons, with important implications for public health and strategies for prevention of neuroangiostrongyliasis. Other key findings include a high prevalence (88.1%) of the lungworm Crenosoma striatum and detection of the acanthocephalan Moniliformis saudi for the first time in A. algirus. We anticipate that our study will facilitate surveillance efforts and clarify species identities in future studies. Given the lethal effects of A. cantonensis infection in hedgehogs, further studies are needed to evaluate the threat this parasite represents to European wildlife.
100 Jahre Thrombotisch-thrombozytopenische Purpura (TTP) – Was haben wir gelernt?
Authors: Wendt Ralph , Völker Linus , Bommer Martin , Wolf Marc , von Auer Charis , Kühne Lucas , Brinkkötter Paul , Miesbach Wolfgang , Knöbl Paul
Published: November 2024

Vor 100 Jahren hat Dr. Eli Moschcowitz den ersten Fall einer thrombotisch-thrombozytopenischen Purpura beschrieben. Viele Jahrzehnte gab es keine anerkannten Therapieoptionen und die Letalität war extrem hoch. Anfang der 90iger-Jahre setzte sich dann zunehmend die Therapie mit Steroiden und Plasmaaustausch durch, wobei die Letalität immer noch über 20 % lag. Es dauerte bis kurz vor die Jahrtausendwende, bis in Bern und New York die Krankheitsmechanismen (ADAMTS13-Defizienz) entschlüsselt und somit der Weg für neue Therapieoptionen frei gemacht wurde. Es wurde nun klar, dass die erworbene TTP (iTTP) eine Autoimmunerkrankung ist und der Autoantikörper gegen ADAMTS13 gerichtet ist, eine Protease, die große von-Willebrand Faktor-Multimere fragmentiert. Dadurch entsteht ein schwerer ADAMTS13-Mangel. Die Multimere überschießender Größe persistieren und binden Thrombozyten, wodurch mikrovaskuläre Thrombosierungen entstehen. Abgegrenzt davon wird die kongenitale TTP (cTTP), die durch Mutationen im ADAMTS13-Gen verursacht wird (Upshaw-Schulman-Syndrom). Bei anderen Formen der thrombotischen Mikroangiopathie (TMA, z. B. aHUS) tritt keine schwere ADAMTS13-Defizienz auf. Zwei randomisierte kontrollierte Studien belegten den Nutzen des 2019 zugelassenen, selektiven bivalenten Anti-von-Willebrand-Faktor (vWF) Nanobodies Caplacizumab in der Behandlung der iTTP. Diverse Publikationen nationaler iTTP-Kohorten verbesserten die Datenlage und zeigten konsistente Verringerungen der Zeit bis zur Normalisierung der Thrombozyten, eine drastische Reduktion refraktärer Verläufe und Exazerbationen (insbesondere bei Therapiesteuerung nach ADAMTS13-Aktivität) sowie Hinweise für eine verringerte Mortalität, die insbesondere bei korrekter und frühzeitiger Anwendung der heutigen Therapieoptionen (Plasmaaustausch, Steroide, Caplacizumab, Rituximab) bei 2–6 % anzusetzen ist. Moderne Therapieoptionen umfassen Strategien zur präemptiven Therapie bei ADAMTS13-Rezidiven sowie die plasmaaustauschfreie Behandlung. Möglicherweise wird zukünftig der Einsatz von rekombinantem ADAMTS13, auch bei iTTP-Patienten, die therapeutischen Optionen erweitern.
Editorial: Deutsche Medtech-Branche im digitalen Umbruch
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: November 2024

Mitte November präsentiert die Medica in Düsseldorf wieder die neuesten Entwicklungen der Medtech-Branche.
Telemedizin: Patienten bevorzugen direkten Arztkontakt
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2024

Während Corona erlebte Telemedizin einen Boom. Längst können Ärzte von der Befundung bis zum Home-Monitoring vieles aus der Ferne zum Wohle ihrer Patienten erledigen. Doch die bleiben skeptisch. Dabei kann Telemedizin die Folgen einer Klinikschließung kompensieren oder Patientenströme steuern.
Intelligente Prozesssteuerung: Telefonieren war gestern
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2024

Apps für die Steuerung klinischer Prozesse erobern die deutschen Krankenhäuser. Sie entlasten das Personal und verbessern die Abläufe auf den Stationen. Noch ist der Markt allerdings überschaubar.
Automatisiertes Labor: Rostock hat jetzt einen starken Allrounder
Authors: Reisinger Kathrin
Published: November 2024

An der Universitätsmedizin Rostock ist eine der modernsten Laborstraßen Deutschlands entstanden. Hier werden rund fünf Millionen Analysen pro Jahr durchgeführt – für intern, extern und für die Forschung. Die neue Technik arbeitet schneller und präziser, entlastet die Arbeitskräfte und spart auch noch Geld.
Allergieschutz: Latexfreie Handschuhe für mehr Sicherheit im OP
Authors: Reisinger Kathrin
Published: November 2024

Latexfreie Schutzhandschuhe sind teurer als ihre Pendants. Zudem gelten sie als nicht ganz so gefühls-intensiv und reißfest. Deshalb werden sie bei Operationen weiterhin nur sehr zögerlich eingesetzt. Das dürfte sich mit den neuen Produkten ändern.
Cyberangriffe: Schnelle Eingreiftruppe gegen Hacker
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2024

Die Zahl der Cyberangriffe auf deutsche Krankenhäuser steigt seit Jahren – ebenso wie die dadurch verursachten Kosten. Weil die Angriffe immer professioneller werden, steigt die Nachfrage nach hochspezialisierten IT-Sicherheitsexperten, die die klinischen IT-Systeme wieder zum Laufen bringen.
Interview: Radikalkur für das Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: November 2024

Dr. Francesco De Meo, einer der bekanntesten Gesundheitsmanager Deutschlands, blickt in seinem neuen Buch auf das deutsche Gesundheitssystem. Seiner Ansicht nach bewegt es in sich selbst auferlegten Grenzen und leistet deswegen nicht das, was es eigentlich könnte. Über seine Visionen und Vorschläge.