bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in the Southeast Asia Region
Authors: Itasari Endah Rantau , Mangku Dewa Gede Sudika
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the extent of the implementation of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in the Southeast Asia Region. This study was normative empirical legal research (applied law research). Empirical normative legal research began with written positive legal provisions that were applied to in-concreto legal events in society. The principle of the working mechanism of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution was the right to exploit one’s own resources with environmental and development policies, but this cannot be separated from the responsibility to ensure that exploitative activities did not cause environmental damage and threaten human health from other countries or an area outside the jurisdiction of a country but seeing the incidence every year there were still forest fires that cause a large haze and cause inconvenience to other ASEAN member countries and this must be immediately sought out so that an agreement that had been mutually agreed upon the same can be a parameter to reduce the occurrence of haze in the Southeast Asia region.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Proyek Warga Global dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Sapriya Sapriya , Komalasari Kokom , Rahmad Rahmad
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to analyze the planning, implementation, assessment, and characteristics of the global citizen project learning model in civic education learning. This study used qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques and data sources were obtained from interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results and discussion in this article indicated that the planning of a global citizen project learning model was carried out by preparing a learning planning design that includes approaches, methods, models, media, and learning evaluations. The implementation of the global citizen project learning model was carried out with the concept of blended learning in two meetings based on the syntax of the global citizen project learning model consisting of topic determination, project design, implementation, evaluation, and publication. The assessment of the learning model of the global citizen project was carried out using observation sheets, written and oral test formats, as well as the observation sheet format for evaluating the results of global citizen project products. There are six characteristics of the global citizen project learning model in civic education learning, i.e. developing religious attitudes of faith, piety, and character; tolerance; global insight; critical, creative, and innovative thinking; collaboration and communication, and media literacy.
Kepastian Hukum Harta Bersama bagi Istri Pertama dalam Perkawinan Poligami
Authors: Budianto Willy , Sulistyarini Rachmi
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to analyze the legal certainty of shared property as well as the urgency of marriage agreements on the shared property for first wives in polygamous marriages. The research used the statute approach. The provisions of the law on joint property in polygamous marriage based on Article 94 of the compilation of Islamic law did not provide legal certainty to the first wife, thus the creation of a marriage treaty deed on joint property under Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage became one of the efforts to obtain legal certainty. The urgency of the marriage agreement on the joint property for the first wife in a polygamous marriage was related to the legal protection of the first wife when the husband was influenced by the second wife in the future.
Penyusunan dan Penetapan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa dan Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa
Authors: Sukriono Didik
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to describe the implementation of the preparation and determination of the Village Medium Term Development Plan and the Village Government Work Plan and the factors that influenced their preparation and stipulation. This research used an empirical juridical legal approach or sociological legal research, with a sociological juridical research type. The types of data in this study include primary, secondary, and tertiary data obtained through observation, documentation, interviews, focus group discussions, and conventional and electronic literature studies. The data were analyzed using qualitative juridical methods. The implementation of the preparation and stipulation of Village Mid-Term Development Plans and Village Government Work Plans in most villages was still “legally flawed and sociologically flawed”, starting from the formation of a compilation team, data collection, assessing potential and problems, aligning policy directions for district development planning, drafting designs, discussions, and the stipulation had not been implemented as instructed by the statutory regulation on villages. Factors that influenced the formulation and determination were categorized into factors that cause formal and material defects and factors that cause juridical-sociological defects. The factors that were causing formal and material defects include juridical, political, human resources, and community culture factors. The factors that were causing juridical-sociological defects include political, juridical, lack of facilities, technology, and culture.
DAZIBAO: SARANA PENGGALANGAN PENGAWAL MERAH PADA ERA REVOLUSI KEBUDAYAAN TIONGKOK (1966-1969)
Authors: Muas Tuty Nur Mutia Enoch , Noviyanti Ervina
Published: October 2021

Dazibao literally translated as big character poster. Since China dynasty era dazibao has functioned as a medium to deliver messages to the public, therefore it is usually posted on an open wall. The use of dazibao as a propaganda medium for Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party has been widely discussed, but in the research process, specific data were found which show that revolutionary action and the number of Red Guards increased sharply in the short period of time after the dazibao of Nie Yuanzi from Beijing University and Mao Zedong were published. These findings aroused interest to dig deeper into dazibao’s strong elements as a Red Guards mobilizing medium during the Cultural Revolution which become the main analysis of this article. Historical approach which consist of heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography is used to reconstruct the strength of dazibao. The analysis focuses on the two dazibao mentioned above, along with Mao Zedong's influence and socio-political development at that time as inseparable factors. The result shows that writers background, main issue, form, and diction used are elements of the strength of Nie’s dazibao and supported by Mao’s dazibao caused dazibao to have a very significant function in raising the number of Red Guards during the Chinese Cultural Revolution 1966-1969.Dazibao secara harfiah dalam bahasa Indonesia berarti  poster dengan tulisan besar. Sejak era kedinastian Tiongkok telah dikenal dan digunakan sebagai sarana penyampai pesan kepada masyarakat, karena itu biasanya ditempel di dinding terbuka. Pemanfaatan dazibao sebagai sarana propaganda Mao Zedong dan Partai Komunis Tiongkok telah banyak dibahas, tapi dalam proses penelitian ditemukan data spesifik yang menunjukkan bahwa aksi revolusioner dan jumlah Pengawal Merah meningkat tajam dalam jangka waktu singkat setelah publikasi dazibao Nie Yuanzi dari Universitas Beijing dan dazibao Mao Zedong. Temuan tersebut membangkitkan ketertarikan untuk menggali lebih dalam tentang factor-faktor yang menjadi kekuatan dazibao sebagai sarana penggalangan Pengawal Merah pada Revolusi Kebudayaan tersebut. Hal itulah yang menjadi pokok bahasan artikel ini. Metode sejarah yang mencakup tahapan heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi digunakan untuk merekonstruksi kekuatan dazibao terutama yang tercermin dalam dazibao Nie dan Mao. Dalam pembahasan pengaruh Mao Zedong serta perkembangan sosial-politik saat itu menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan didalamnya.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa latar penulis, pokok bahasan, tampilan, dan pilihan kata/diksi merupakan faktor-faktor yang menjadi kekuatan dazibao Nie. Ditambah dengan dukungan dari dazibao yang dibuat Mao serta publikasi yang masif menyebabkan dazibao berfungsi sangat signifikan dalam penggalangan Pengawal Merah pada Revolusi Kebudayaan Tiongkok tahun 1966-1969.
Menelisik Pencegahan Pernikahan Usia Anak di kota Surakarta
Authors: Giyartika Giyartika , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Yuhastina Yuhastina
Published: October 2021

This study aims to understand and explain efforts to prevent child marriage in Surakarta city in the study of population sociology. The areas sampled were five “Kampong KB” (Family Planning Villages) spread over five subdistricts in the city of Surakarta. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 16 informants and structured interviews with 48 informants, consisting of Family Planning Instructors (PKB), Regional Family Planning Assistants (PPKBD), parents, teenagers and government officials. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction or the selection process, simplification, abstraction and transformation of raw data, then data presentation. Conclusions and verification are carried out continuously during the study. The results showed that in the effort to prevent the practice of child marriage in Surakarta city, there were several strategies implemented by various parties, namely Family Planning Instructors (PKB), Regional Family Planning Assistants (PPKBD) and government officials, so as to form a patterns of social interaction and evolutionary processes, also known as symbolic interactionism. The strategies that are carried out include taking a cultural approach, synergy of Activity Groups, enthusiasm for achievement, building interventions, commitment and consistency in running programs, maximizing the use of social media and orderly administration. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menjelaskan upaya pencegahan pernikahan usia anak di Kota Surakarta dalam kajian ilmu sosiologi kependudukan. Wilayah yang dijadikan sampel adalah lima Kampung KB (Kampung Keluarga Berencana) yang tersebar di lima Kecamatan di Kota Surakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 16 informan dan wawancara terstruktur dengan 48 informan, yang terdiri dari Penyuluh Keluarga Berencana (PKB), Pembantu Pembina Keluarga Berencana Daerah (PPKBD), orangtua, remaja dan aparatur pemerintah. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan, yakni reduksi data atau proses pemilihan, penyederhanaan, abstraksi dan transformasi data mentah, kemudian penyajian data. Penarikan kesimpulan serta verifikasi data dilakukan terus menerus selama penelitian berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam upaya pencegahan pernikahan usia anak di Kota Surakarta terdapat beberapa strategi yang dilakukan oleh berbagai pihak, yakni Penyuluh Keluarga Berencana (PKB), Pembantu Pembina Keluarga Berencana Daerah (PPKBD) dan aparatur pemerintah, sehingga terbentuk suatu pola interaksi sosial dan proses evolusioner atau yang dikenal dengan interaksionisme simbolik. Adapun strategi yang dilakukan diantaranya, melakukan pendekatan budaya, sinergisitas Kelompok Kegiatan (PokTan), semangat berprestasi, membangun intervensi, komitmen dan konsistensi menjalankan program, memaksimalkan penggunaan media sosial dan tertib administrasi.
LITERASI SEJARAH MELALUI BEDAH DAN DISKUSI FILM SEJARAH
Authors: Kurniawati Kurniawati , Djunaidi Djunaidi , Rahman Ayuningtyas , Ayesma Pamela
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan memasyarakatkan literasi sejarah khususnya di kalangan guru sejarah dan siswa. Penerapan literasi sejarah bertumpu pada kemampuan pedagogik dan profesional guru. Guru juga perlu mengasah kreativitas agar siswa tertarik belajar sejarah salah satunya melalui film sejarah. Namun begitu, ternyata seringkali guru mengalami hambatan dalam memutar film sejarah antara lain karena keterbatasan waktu. Maka pemutaran film sejarah di luar jam pelajaran sejarah menjadi alternatif solusi permasalahan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah memutarkan film sejarah dan kemudian mendiskusikannya dengan mengundang narasumber yang bergerak dalam film. Hasilnya adalah bertambahnya wawasan kesejarahan peserta mengenai tokoh Wage Rudolp Supratman, proses terciptanya lagu Indonesia Raya, konteks zaman yang melatarbelakangi kehidupan Wage. Tidak hanya menambah wawasan kesejarahan, kegiatan ini  menambah wawasan peserta mengenai aspek film khususnya film sejarah dan kaitannya dengan  pembelajaran sejarah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa film sejarah dapat menjadi media yang digunakan oleh guru sejarah dengan pemilihan film yang hati-hati. Guru harus memilih film secara hati-hati karena film pada dasarnya mengikat fakta dari suatu peristiwa sejarah sehingga unsur subjektivitas menjadi dominan. Guru yang mempunyai wawasan dan pemahaman sejarah yang baik dapat memilih dan memilah film sejarah yang tepat bagi siswanya.
Implementation of Inquiry based Learning with OE3R Strategy and the Impacts to Students' Conceptual Understanding in Fundamental of Analytical Chemistry
Authors: Rahmadhani Pradita , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Widarti Hayuni Retno
Published: October 2021

Chemistry created based on process how scientists work and think to understanding a phenomenon or problem that occurs in natural world. That activities gained through physical and mental activities. Discoveries on Science are obtained and solved using inquiry thinking. Many inquiry-based learning strategies have been developed, one of it’s the OE3R (Orientation – Exploration – Explanation – Elaboration - Reflection) Strategy.  The purpose of implementation of OE3R strategy on lecturing Fundamental of Analytical Chemistry are to determine effectiveness and differences of students’ conceptual understanding achievements. This research design using a Quasy experiment with pretest and posttest in two groups with different treatment. The Experimental Group learn using OE3R strategy, then the Control Group using conventional strategy based lecturer method. The subject of research was student in Fundamental of Analytical Chemsitry courses at Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Malang. The result show that inquiry-based learning with OE3R strategy as innovation learning effective to make differences of students’ conceptual understanding achievements in this courses.
Improving Students' Writing Skills and Motivation in Learning English at SMAN 2 Kediri Using Hypnoteaching Strategy
Authors: Rosmarie Aprilia , Mualimin Mualimin
Published: October 2021

Writing is complex skills for EFL learners. In this Covid-19 pandemic, the teacher should held online learning to help students in learning. This study aimed to answer: (1&2) is there any significant improvement of students’ writing performance as were as the students’ motivation level after being taught with online Hypnoteaching strategy. The design of this study was a quasi-experimental study that used nonequivalent control group design. The researcher chose 70 students as the sample. The researcher applied online Hypnoteaching for 6 weeks. Result of the study showed that (1) the average gain for experimental group is 64.5343 and control group is 8.4054. The  Value (Sig) .000 greater than α, which means there is a significant improvement in writing skills after being taught with Hypnoteaching strategy; (2)The  Value Sig. (2-tailed) .003 greater than α. Thus, there is a significant difference on students’ motivation level after being taught with Hypnoteaching strategy. The researcher would explicate more on discussion part.
Influence of Lecturer's Pedagogic Competency Level, Quality of Administrative Services, Completeness of Lecture Supporting Facilities, and Student Satisfaction on Learning Motivation
Authors: Sumarsono Raden Bambang , Gunawan Imam , Kusumaningrum Desi Eri , Benty Djum Djum Noor , Bhayangkara Athalla Nauval
Published: October 2021

This research aims to know students' perceptions of the competencies of pedagogical lecturers, the quality of administrative services, the completeness of the facilities supporting lectures, student satisfaction and its relationship with the motivation of student learning. The approach used is quantitative with the design of survey research. The research population was 3,702 of FIP UM students, while the sample was 361 students. The study was conducted in 2020. Sampling techniques using proportional sampling and simple random sampling. Data collection using questionnaires, meanwhile for data analysis using two kinds of analysis techniques, namely descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results showed: (1) the competency of pedagogic lecturers, and the quality of administrative services according to the perception of students in the category is quite good, while the student's perception of the completeness of the lecture support facilities in the category is quite complete, the student expresses satisfaction for the services received. But on the motivation of studying of FIP students have a low level; (2) there is an influence on the level of pedagogical competency of lecturers on the motivation of student learning; (3) there is an influence on the quality of administrative services on student learning motivation; (4) there is an influence on the completeness of the facilities to support lectures on the motivation of student learning; (5) there is an influence of satisfaction on the motivation of student learning; and (6) simultaneously there is the influence of lecturer competency level, quality of administrative services, completeness of lecture support facilities, and student satisfaction on learning motivation.
Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma with multiple lung metastasis completely cured using nivolumab: a case report
Authors: Han Ji Eun , Cho Hyo Jung , Kim Soon Sun , Cheong Jae Youn
Published: October 2021

The current Food and Drug Administration-approved systemic treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include multikinase inhibitors (tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI]) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Among ICIs, nivolumab is used as secondline therapy for advanced HCC after sorafenib failure or patient intolerance. In this case, a patient with infiltrative HCC and portal vein tumor thrombosis was treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and radiation therapy. New lung metastasis developed after HAICs; thus, lenvatinib treatment was initiated. However, the disease progressed. Thereafter, sorafenib treatment was initiated but he developed intolerance, with grade 3 sorafenib-related diarrhea. Subsequently, nivolumab was administered as rescue therapy. He demonstrated a partial response to nivolumab after the third treatment and viable HCCs in the lungs and liver completely disappeared after the 24th treatment. These findings suggest that nivolumab could be used as an effective rescue therapy for advanced HCC progression after TKI treatment.
Retinopathy of Prematurity. Review
Authors: Popova N. V. , Goydin A. P. , Fabrikantov O. L.
Published: October 2021

Retinopathy of prematurity (RP) is a complex pathology among prematurely born children, which requires a comprehensive approach, including both prevention of the development of more severe stages of the disease, leading to poor vision and irreversible loss of visual functions, and the organization of dispensary observation and rehabilitation. Modern organization of dispensary observation, which is based on a detailed study of the etiology, pathogenesis, as well as the interaction of local and systemic factors on visual functions, can significantly reduce the visual disability of children as a result of this disease.
Blepharoplasty in Extensive Lower Eyelid Eversion of Severe III–IV Degree
Authors: Ivolgina I. V.
Published: October 2021

Purpose. To analyze the efficacy of the lower eyelid eversions surgical treatment.

Patients and Methods. We have analyzed the outcomes of treating patients with severe lower eyelid eversion during 2013–2019 — 153 patients, 156 operations. The patients were divided into 4 groups: atonic and paralytic eversion (109 eyes), traumatic tearing of the lower eyelid (8 eyes), cicatricial ectropion (28 eyes) and mechanical ectropion (in tumors) of the lower eyelid (11 eyes). The following surgeries were performed: duplicature surgery by Willer; by Kuhnt-Szymanowski; resection of the framework structure of the lower eyelid with fixation to the eyelid ligaments; implantation of various materials based on the orbital margin; sling to the eyelid ligaments; free skin plasty; local flaps; excision of tumors with one-stage reconstructive plastics.

Results. Postoperatively the improvement was observed in all cases. The lower eyelid eversion was eliminated. There were no any complications. The efficacy criteria was the level of the eyelid margin height with regards to limbus, absence or reduction of lagophthalmus. “Good” result — symmetrical width of the eyelid fissure, absence of lagophthalmus was achieved in 100 % of cases in groups IA and II, in 28.12 % — in group IB, in 71.43 % — in group III, in 63.63 % — in group IV. “Satisfactory” result — the difference in the eyelid fissure width was 1.0–2.0 mm, absence or reduction of lagophthalmus was achieved in 65.62 % of cases in group IB, in 21.43 % — in group III, in 27.28 % — in group IV. “Unsatisfactory” result — the difference in the eyelid fissure width was more than 2.0 mm, the presence of lagophthalmus was achieved in 6.25 % of cases in group IB, in 7.14 % — in group III, in 3.33 % — in group IV.

Conclusions. When operating the lower eyelid eversion it is possible to achieve good result. The pathogenically based combined methods of surgical treatment are the most effective. In case of traumatic tearing of the lower eyelid, we need to restore the lacrimal duct. In cicatricial ectropion it is possible to achieve engraftment of the skin graft, elimination of eversion and lagophthalmus. In mechanical eversion (due to eyelid tumors) it is necessary to perform radioexcision of the neoplasm with a single-stage reconstructive plastic surgery of the eyelid.
The Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Optimized Technique of Transcleral Diodlaser Cyclophotocoagulation in Patients with Unstable Glaucoma
Authors: Shvailikova I. E. , Belikova E. I.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the optimized technique of transcleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (DCPC) in patients with unstable glaucoma.

Methods. The retrospective analysis of outpatient records of patients diagnosed with open-angle compensated glaucoma, who underwent transcleral diodlaser DCPC in continuous-wave mode, has been performed. Totally, 44 outpatient records (44 eyes) have been analyzed.

Results. The course of the postoperative period, patients’ complaints, and the ophthalmological status have been evaluated. The level of intraocular pressure (IOP) was determined on the day after the procedure, a week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. 12 months after the operation, the level of IOP decreased by 42.9 %. The number of antihypertensive drugs used by the end of the follow-up period decreased by 66.6 %: from 2.75 ± 0.4 to 1.0 ± 0.7 drugs (p = 0.001). The frequency of side effects was low and comprised 11.3 %. In 40 % of patients, manifestations of toxic-allergic reactions of the ocular surface to antihypertensive drugs decreased due to the possibility to reduce the frequency of instillations. The MCVA indicators remained stable throughout the entire follow-up period.

Conclusion. Thus, the results of the conducted clinical study indicate that transcleral DCPC is an effective and safe technique with a high predicted result, since it compensates for the level of IOP, which allows to stabilize the progression of the glaucoma process. The method of trascleral DCPC provides a reduction and (or) correction of the hypotensive regime by reducing the number of antihypertensive drugs used. In patients with a toxic-allergic reaction from the ocular surface developed due to a prolonged use of antihypertensive drugs, it allows to reduce the symptoms and clinical manifestations by canceling and (or) reducing the number of antihypertensive drugs used, indirectly significantly improving the quality of life.
Evaluation of the Ophthalmotoxic Effect of Quantum Dots and Bioconjugates Based on Them in Terms of the Prospects for the Treatment of Resistant Endophthalmitis. Experimental Research (Stage 1)
Authors: Ponomarev V. O. , Kazaykin V. N. , Lizunov A. V. , Vokhmintsev A. S. , Vainshtein I. A. , Dezhurov S. V.
Published: October 2021

Endophthalmitis remains one of the most formidable complications of surgery in ophthalmology, leading to significant functional and anatomical changes. The “gold” standard of treatment for this pathology is the installation of intravenous injections of antibacterial drugs, but taking into account the number and type of pathogens, the growth of antibiotic resistance, the search for alternative methods of treatment of endophthalmitis remains relevant. Colloidal quantum dots, which are nanoscale semiconductor crystals with simulated optical and electronic properties due to changes in their volume, composition, and surface connections, are of interest for research in this direction. This article presents the process of synthesis of CT and bioconjugates based on them in order to assess ophthalmotoxicity with the prospect of further use in the treatment of endophthalmitis. The study was divided into 4 stages, starting with the determination of the required technical specification in order to select the appropriate type of quantum dots taking into account the physical and chemical characteristics (Stage 1), the synthesis of quantum dots (Stage 2), the preparation and titration of a solution of quantum dots of various concentrations for implantation in the vitreous cavity (Stage 3). The final stage was to evaluate the toxic effect of the quantum dot solution in its pure form, as well as in combination with antibiotics (ceftazidime and vancomycin) when administered intravitreally on an animal model. As a result of the study, quantum dots were synthesized and a solution based on them was obtained for introduction into the vitreous cavity. Based on the testing of the animal model (rabbits), a safe dose of the solution was determined, as well as the possibility of its use in combination with antibiotics.
Structure of Oncological Pathology and Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumors of the Eye and Adnexa (C69) Taking into Account Sex, Age and Histological Characteristics (Population Study)
Authors: Merabishvili V. M. , Merabishvili E. N.
Published: October 2021

Objective. In February 2019, we completed work on creating a unified database of the population cancer registry of the NorthWestern Federal district of the Russian Federation. The development of data on the material of a large area significantly increases the reliability of the material under study, especially for RARE localities of malignant tumors, which include tumors of the eye and and adnexa.For the first time in Russia to present an analysis of the effectiveness of anti-cancer activities in relation to malignant tumors of the eye and adnexa (C69) at the Federal district level with calculations of 5-year survival rates of patients taking into account sex, age and histological structure of tumors.

Methods. The development of the 5-year survival rate of patients with malignant tumors of the eye (C69) included information from the database created by us Population cancer register of all administrative territories of the North-Western Federal district of Russia for the period from 1999 to 2013, more than 1000 observations (1022).

Results. The study revealed a positive dynamics of survival in patients of the North-Western Federal district of Russia with malignant tumors of the eye. The 5-year survival rate increased among males from 58.8 to 63.1 %, and among females from 64.7 to 69.6 %. A significant overestimation of the proportion of early stages among primary patients with malignant tumors of the eye and adnexa (C69) was found, which may be due to medical errors. Calculations of patient survival (with careful tracking of the deceased) allow us to get a more objective picture.

Conclusion. Excellent achievements in the treatment of patients of advanced research centers and institutes can be welcomed only if similar successes are recorded at the population level and are available to all patients. Our in-depth development of population data in the Federal district confirmed the success in the treatment of patients with the malignant tumors of the eye and adnexa (C69), and the patterns we found first in the database of the Population cancer register of St. Petersburg, and now in the North-Western Federal district of the Russian Federation. Similar studies in other Federal districts could be an important component in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of anti-cancer measures in relation to the malignant tumors of the eye and adnexa (C69).
Strategi mix-and-match vaksin COVID-19, seberapa efektifkah?
Authors: Khairani Rita
Published: October 2021

Dibandingkan dengan perkembangan vaksin COVID-19, kemunculan banyak varian baru menyebabkan peningkatan mortalitas dan morbiditas, distribusi vaksin secara global, ketersediaan suplai vaksin yang terbatas dan kejadian ikutan pasca imunisasi. Hal ini memunculkan kekhawatiran penurunan efektivitas vaksin yang telah ada. Setelah laporan kejadian tromboemboli akibat penggunaan ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 dari AstraZeneca, beberapa negara Eropa mulai meneliti tentang penggunaan vaksin yang berbeda dengan dosis pertama atau yang disebut strategi mix-and-match atau vaksin heterolog.(1) Vaksin heterolog melibatkan pemberian antigen penyakit yang sama atau serupa melalui dua tipe vaksin berbeda, dosis pertama untuk membentuk sistem imun dan dosis berikutnya dengan tipe berbeda untuk meningkatkan respon imun.(2) Beberapa jenis vaksin yang banyak diteliti dalam konsep vaksin heterolog ini diantaranya kombinasi vaksin chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx 1 nCoV-19) atau AstraZeneca dengan vaksin mRNA-1273 atau vaksin Moderna, dan vaksin BNT162b2 atau vaksin Pfizer.(3,4)
Systemic soluble Programmed Death-Ligand 1 levels in sarcoidosis subjects does not vary with disease progression
Authors: Shah-Gandhi Binal , Chioma Ozioma , Abel Kenny , Wilfong Erin , Mason Wendi , Drake Wonder
Published: October 2021

Interaction of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) is well studied in the field of fibrotic lung diseases, supporting its use as a biomarker of progression of interstitial lung disease. Anti PD-L1 therapy has shown effectiveness in improvement of many malignancies and murine models of autoimmune fibrotic lung diseases. Higher PD-1 expression on T cells and PD-L1 expression on human lung fibroblasts are known to contribute towards severity in sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), respectively. The focus of this investigation was to determine if soluble form of PD-L1 (sPD-L1) serves as predictive biomarker of disease severity in interstitial lung disease (ILD), such as scleroderma, sarcoidosis and IPF. Comparison of local environments, such as bronchoalveolar lavage, revealed significantly higher sPD-L1 levels compared to systemic environments, such as peripheral blood (p=0.001, paired two-tailed Student’s t test). Investigation of serum samples of healthy control, IPF, scleroderma and sarcoidosis patients reveal significantly higher levels in sarcoidosis and IPF patients, compared to patients with scleroderma (p=0.001; p=0.02, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s respectively). Comparison of serum levels between sarcoidosis patients and healthy controls revealed no significant differences (p=0.09, unpaired two-tailed t test). In addition, comparison of physiologic parameters, such as percent predicated Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and sPD-L1 levels in sarcoidosis and IPF patients revealed no correlation. These observations suggest that sPD-L1 will not serve as a biomarker of sarcoidosis disease severity. Additional investigation of sPD-L1 in local environments is warranted.
Evans Syndrome Associated with Hematological Malignancies: A Literature Review
Authors: Shibusawa Motoharu
Published: October 2021

Evans syndrome (ES) is a rare disorder in which the immune system produces antibodies that accidentally destroy red blood cells and platelets. The diagnosis of ES is made by the simultaneous presence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. However, the diagnosis of ES associated with hematologic malignancies necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of clinical course, clinical findings, and laboratory test results. Hematological malignancies are the most significant underlying diseases factors impacting ES and the prognosis, but there is no established standard therapy for autoimmune cytopenia associated with hematological malignancies. In ES associated with hematologic malignancies, achieving remission of the underlying disease seems to be the key to long-term remission.
Current Trends and New Strategies in Acute Postoperative Pain Management in Children
Authors: Pérez Eduardo , Lizama Gonzalo , Cárdenas Victor
Published: October 2021

Acute postoperative pain in children is common. Nearly 40 percent of pediatric patients suffer from moderate to severe pain after surgery. Inadequate pain prevention and treatment has been associated with short and long-term consequences. Different treatment modalities have evolved lately, and multimodal analgesia has become the treatment of choice not only involving a pharmacological approach but also non-pharmacological approaches (eg, regional analgesia, rehabilitation, cognitive behavioral therapy, virtual reality). The aim of this article is to show current trends and strategies in the management of acute postoperative pain in children and how an inadequate treatment of it can lead to the development of chronic postsurgical pain.
Fibrin and Extracellular Matrix: Scaffolds and Network for Malignant Cells
Authors: Schardt F.W. , Schmausser B. , Bedel S. , Bachmann E. , Henke E.
Published: October 2021

Malignant cells build up a protective shield in form of a fibrin meshwork surrounding the tumor which helps it to escape the body’s immune system. In addition, tumor and stromal cells provide with an abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting of proteoglycans, collagens, glycoproteins and glucosaminoglycans an additional scaffold with the capacity to bind large quantities of immunsuppressive substances. Many investigations found that heparin has a wide variety of positive effects counteracting these shielding and immunosuppressive properties of the ECM. Heparin can bind and neutralize many protective substances produced by the tumor cells. It inhibits cross-linking of collagen by deamination, and reduces the expression of FAK, LOX, glucosamines and proteoglycans. By these actions it prevents the development of a stiff and rigid ECM which presents additionally an effective scaffold for the tumor cells and also reduce the efficiency of therapeutic methods. In an ambulant trial with exogenously-added heparin in high dosages the survival probability over three years was significantly higher than without (p<0.001). Therefore, a combined therapy with a fibrinolyticum and heparin should be considered. This auxiliary treatment has the potential to support established therapy and improve anti-tumor response by the immune system.
Generation of Genetically Modified Rats Using CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing System to Reveal Novel Vitamin D Actions
Authors: Nishikawa Miyu , Yasuda Kaori , Mano Hiroki , Ikushiro Shinichi , Sakaki Toshiyuki
Published: October 2021

We previously revealed that the anti-proliferative activity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in human prostate PZ-HPV-7 cells depends on the direct action of 25(OH)D3 through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We then attempted to confirm the direct action of 25(OH)D3 in vivo using Cyp27b1 knockout (KO) mice. Daily administration of 25(OH)D3 at 250 μg/kg bw/day rescued the rachitic conditions in Cyp27b1 KO mice. The plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormonea as well as the bone mineral density and female sexual cycle were normalized via the administration of 25(OH)D3. These results strongly suggest the direct action of 25(OH)D3. However, to our surprise, normal levels of 1a,25(OH)2D3 were detected in the plasma of Cyp27b1 KO mice, probably due to Cyp27a1, which has a weak 1a-hydroxylation activity toward 25(OH)D3. Next, we generated a novel in vivo system using genetically modified (GM) rats deficient in the Cyp27b1 or Vdr gene to reveal the molecular mechanisms of vitamin D action. Human type II rickets model rats with mutant Vdr (R270L), which recognizes 1,25(OH)2D3 with an affinity equivalent to that of 25(OH)D3, were also generated. Cyp27b1-knockout (KO), Vdr-KO, and Vdr (R270L) rats showed symptoms of rickets, including growth retardation and abnormal bone formation. Among these model animals, Cyp27b1-KO rats had notably low levels of calcium in the blood and the most severe growth retardation, while Vdr-KO rats showed abnormal skin formation and alopecia. Administration of 25(OH)D3 restored rickets symptoms in Cyp27b1-KO and Vdr (R270L) rats. As shown in Cyp27b1-KO mice, 1,25(OH)2D3 was also synthesized in Cyp27b1-KO rats. In contrast, the effects of 25(OH)D3 on Vdr (R270L) rats strongly suggest that 25(OH)D3 exerts a direct action via VDR-genomic pathways. These results suggest that our novel in vivo system containing three different types of GM rats is useful for elucidating the molecular mechanism of vitamin D action.
Evaluation of physiological quality of Corn seeds by GroundEye L800® system
Authors: Golfi Andriazzi Cinthia Vieira , Rocha Debora Kelli , Pomárico de Souza Igor Chalfoun , Bichuette Samlla Albuquerque
Published: October 2021

The usual vigor test of companies for batches of genetic corn seeds is carried out based on the potential of seeds to germinate at low temperatures, not being suitable for the warm regions of the country, since there is a low correlation between laboratory and field results for these cases. An alternative to this method is the GroundEye L800® system, which evaluates vigor by the performance potential of corn seedlings. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the GroundEye L800® equipment in determining the vigor of seeds of the genetic category of corn. Seeds from 36 corn batches were used in this study. The parameters evaluated were germination, radicle emergence test (RET), emergence on flower-bed, besides the image analysis using GroundEye L800® system. RET, the method generally used by companies, showed a significant difference in emergence results compared to those found on flower-bed, with no positive correlation. The GroundEye L800 process and the flower-bed emergence test did not differ statistically. GroundEye L800® equipment is promising for assessing the physiological potential of corn seeds.
A study of selfie-taking in professional college students
Authors: Vijayanath  V  , Anitha M R  , Tarakeshwari R  , Manjushree R
Published: October 2021

: Advances in technology are leading to a new way of addictive behaviour in humankind. One among them is clicking selfies. This is leading to a lot of worries in the researcher that, considering this with association with psychological changes which are being labeled as a particular disease or disorder. Even though many have concluded that excessive use is a psychological disorder. Here it's an attempt to see the selfie clicking behaviour in students.

: All the students of the professional colleagues who are above 18 years of age and having smartphones were briefed about the study. And only those individuals willing to be a part of the study and gave consent were included in this study. Questionnaires were designed and validated before giving the forms to the students. Anonymities of these participants are well maintained and kept confidential.

: Study participants have answered all the questionnaires and the majority of them were answering that they are clicking selfies definitely in less than a month from the last selfie. Reasons quoted for these are getting ready and send the location to other family or friends. And it also included the group who even taken these selfies to check the quality of the camera in their smartphone.

Clicking selfies is a routine event for the study participants in our study.However there was no psychological precipitating factor in these individuals; taking selfies within a month fromthe previous selfie, and informing the other folks about their status was attributed to information sharing about the status. However, the participants mentioned that the quality of the smart phone camera was one of the reasons why they were clicking these selfies.
A study to compare hemoglobin levels and body mass index in normal and diagnosed diabetic stages of CKD patients visiting a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Singh Seema , Raza Syed Tahseen , Singh Nivriti , Kumar Devendra , Chatterji Tanushri , Zaidi Zeeshan
Published: October 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a worldwide community health problem in people with type, 2 diabetes obesity and long-term hyperglycemia may cause renal vascular complications. The aim of this study was to see if there was any connection between BMI, haemoglobin and CKD in DM patients. This case study was conducted in department of Medicine, Era′s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, ERA University, Lucknow. The analysis was performed for 18 months.

When compared to CKD patients, the non-CKD group's mean BMI was marginally higher. Older age, female sex, hypertension, and diet plant were all linked to the involvement of CKD in multivariable study. There was same connection between CKD and haemoglobin in this study. The negative relationship between BMI, Hb and CKD could indicate reverse causality. While a diabetic patient's BMI does not cause them to develop CKD, it is possible that CKD causes them to have a lower BMI and Hb level.
Tecnología, identificación y acceso a programas sociales: datos experimentales de Panamá
Authors: Reyes Angela , Roseth Benjamin , Vera-Cossio Diego A.
Published: October 2021

El acceso a documentos nacionales de identidad (DNI) es a menudo necesario para reclamar beneficios del gobierno. Sin embargo, aumentar su obtención puede ser especialmente difícil entre los grupos de bajos ingresos. Analizamos experimentalmente el efecto de dos intervenciones de política para inducir la renovación oportuna de los DNI para tener acceso a un programa social del gobierno en Panamá. El envío de recordatorios sobre las fechas de caducidad aumentó la probabilidad de renovar oportunamente y de obtener sus beneficios en 12 y 4,3 puntos porcentuales respectivamente, en relación con un grupo de control. Los individuos de menores ingresos fueron los principales determinadores de este resultado. En cambio la actualización de los DNI a distancia por internet solo aumentó las renovaciones y el acceso a las prestaciones en 8 y 2,9 puntos porcentuales respectivamente. Estos resultados sugieren que las políticas dirigidas a aumentar la obtención de documentos de identidad válidos pueden reducir los errores de inclusión en los programas gubernamentales, y que el acceso a herramientas digitales por sí solo puede ser insuficiente para generar efectos importantes.
Una forma diferente de educar a través de la ciudad. El proyecto ¡Nosotros proponemos!
Authors: Rodríguez Domenech María Ángeles
Published: October 2021

La Escuela debe estar al servicio de la comunidad, compartir sus deseos, ayudar a encontrar soluciones a los problemas de la ciudadanía. No es una opción de la escuela, es una obligación ética e incluso moral. La Escuela no puede reunir a profesionales cualificados que forman y capacitan a nuestros jóvenes y permanecer cómodamente cerrando a sus puertas a los problemas de su comunidad. Esta responsabilidad hacia la sociedad es particularmente compartida por las Ciencias Sociales y, más concretamente, a la disciplina de Geografía, ámbito donde surgió el Proyecto ¡Nosotros Proponemos!
Problems and Prospects of the Single Financial Market and the Common Currency of the EAEU
Authors: Ofitserov-belsky Dmitriy
Published: October 2021

The EAEU Treaty assumes that by 2025 the community countries will complete the construction of a single financial market and will be able to move to supranational regulation. This will increase the overall competitiveness and attractiveness of small markets, optimize processes and cooperation. The article examines the existing obstacles and incentives for the formation of a single financial market, substantiates the thesis about the limits of minimizing transaction costs and the possibility of negative effects of the de-dollarization policy in the EAEU space for mutual trade in the existing economic conditions. From the position of the theory of optimal currency areas, the importance of the transition to a single currency for the development of the economies of the EAEU member states is justified.
Simulación numérica 2D subrasantes de baja resistencia, estabilizadas con material granular de sobretamaño (rajón)
Authors: Basante-Bolaños Edwar Armando , Villacrés-Martinez Miguel Antonio , Cruz-Velasco Lucio Gerardo
Published: October 2021

Dentro de las alternativas de estabilización de subrasantes existe tradicionalmente el mejoramiento con material de sobretamaño o rajón, tamaño aproximado de 10 pulgadas. El rajón forma un esqueleto mineral grueso que soporta la estructura y favorece el control de humedad. Esta técnica no tiene un protocolo de diseño establecido actualmente en Colombia. Esta investigación evalúa mediante simulación numérica elástica 2D, y de manera cuantitativa, el aumento de propiedades mecánicas del conjunto del pavimento, mediante el mejoramiento de subrasantes blandas con material de sobretamaño (rajón). A partir de las modelaciones numéricas 2D se realizan comparativas de comportamiento y análisis de los resultados de variables fundamentales en el diseño de pavimentos. De esta manera, la investigación proporciona lineamientos para un protocolo de diseño para el mejoramiento de propiedades mecánicas de subrasantes blandas, mediante el mejoramiento de las mismas con material de sobretamaño.
Databio, galería de biodiversidad del Jardín Botánico Juan María Céspedes
Authors: Carrillo-Torres Danny Alexander , Ocampo-Escobar Angelica , Estrada-Esponda Royer David
Published: October 2021

La biodiversidad es esencial para la vida y motiva muchos esfuerzos para su conservación, uno de esos esfuerzos es la divulgación de datos sobre especímenes vegetales, que son utilizados por instituciones como el Instituto para la Investigación y Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca (INCIVA). Aunque este último desarrolla, estimula y apoya procesos de apropiación, generación y divulgación del conocimiento para la conservación y uso del patrimonio natural y cultural del Valle del Cauca, no soporta esos procesos con herramientas tecnológicas adecuadas que, integrando técnicas especializadas, permitan la divulgación del conocimiento como lo promueve la iniciativa Linked Open Data (LOD). Esta permite la publicación y el enlazamiento de información en la Web de Datos. La principal contribución de este artículo es la presentación de DATABIO, una aplicación web que administra, publica y divulga información de la colección biológica del jardín botánico por medio de un Dataset enlazado y publicado en la web de datos que como característica principal facilita la actualización de sus tripletas cada vez que hay nuevos registros en el sistema transaccional. DATABIO fue desarrollado gracias al uso de programación extrema como metodología de desarrollo de software, pero previamente se incluyeron fases para el modelamiento, almacenamiento, enlazamiento y publicación de datos. Como resultado principal se destaca que la información publicada cumple con el esquema de datos abierto de Tim Berners-Lee obteniendo cinco estrellas, lo cual facilita la toma de decisiones a instituciones que promueven la conservación del medio ambiente.