bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probing the target search of DNA-binding proteins in mammalian cells using TetR as model searcher
Authors: Normanno Davide , Boudarène Lydia , Dugast-Darzacq Claire , Chen Jiji , Richter Christian , Proux Florence , Bénichou Olivier , Voituriez Raphaël , Darzacq Xavier , Dahan Maxime
Published: July 2015

Many cellular functions rely on DNA-binding proteins finding and associating to specific sites in the genome. Yet the mechanisms underlying the target search remain poorly understood, especially in the case of the highly organized mammalian cell nucleus. Using as a model Tet repressors (TetRs) searching for a multi-array locus, we quantitatively analyse the search process in human cells with single-molecule tracking and single-cell protein–DNA association measurements. We find that TetRs explore the nucleus and reach their target by 3D diffusion interspersed with transient interactions with non-cognate sites, consistent with the facilitated diffusion model. Remarkably, nonspecific binding times are broadly distributed, underlining a lack of clear delimitation between specific and nonspecific interactions. However, the search kinetics is not determined by diffusive transport but by the low association rate to nonspecific sites. Altogether, our results provide a comprehensive view of the recruitment dynamics of proteins at specific loci in mammalian cells.
Spontaneous restoration of transplantation tolerance after acute rejection
Authors: Miller Michelle L. , Daniels Melvin D. , Wang Tongmin , Chen Jianjun , Young James , Xu Jing , Wang Ying , Yin Dengping , Vu Vinh , Husain Aliya N. , Alegre Maria-Luisa , Chong Anita S.
Published: July 2015

Transplantation is a cure for end-stage organ failure but, in the absence of pharmacological immunosuppression, allogeneic organs are acutely rejected. Such rejection invariably results in allosensitization and accelerated rejection of secondary donor-matched grafts. Transplantation tolerance can be induced in animals and a subset of humans, and enables long-term acceptance of allografts without maintenance immunosuppression. However, graft rejection can occur long after a state of transplantation tolerance has been acquired. When such an allograft is rejected, it has been assumed that the same rules of allosensitization apply as to non-tolerant hosts and that immunological tolerance is permanently lost. Using a mouse model of cardiac transplantation, we show that when Listeria monocytogenes infection precipitates acute rejection, thus abrogating transplantation tolerance, the donor-specific tolerant state re-emerges, allowing spontaneous acceptance of a donor-matched second transplant. These data demonstrate a setting in which the memory of allograft tolerance dominates over the memory of transplant rejection.
A time frame permissive for Protein Kinase D2 activity to direct angiogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Müller Martin , Schröer Jana , Azoitei Ninel , Eiseler Tim , Bergmann Wendy , Köhntop Ralf , Lin Qiong , Costa Ivan G , Zenke Martin , Genze Felicitas , Weidgang Clair , Seufferlein Thomas , Liebau Stefan , Kleger Alexander
Published: July 2015

The protein kinase D isoenzymes PKD1/2/3 are prominent downstream targets of PKCs (Protein Kinase Cs) and phospholipase D in various biological systems. Recently, we identified PKD isoforms as novel mediators of tumour cell-endothelial cell communication, tumour cell motility and metastasis. Although PKD isoforms have been implicated in physiological/tumour angiogenesis, a role of PKDs during embryonic development, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis still remains elusive. We investigated the role of PKDs in germ layer segregation and subsequent vasculogenesis and angiogenesis using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We show that mouse ESCs predominantly express PKD2 followed by PKD3 while PKD1 displays negligible levels. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PKD2 is specifically phosphorylated/activated at the time of germ layer segregation. Time-restricted PKD2-activation limits mesendoderm formation and subsequent cardiovasculogenesis during early differentiation while leading to branching angiogenesis during late differentiation. In line, PKD2 loss-of-function analyses showed induction of mesendodermal differentiation in expense of the neuroectodermal germ layer. Our in vivo findings demonstrate that embryoid bodies transplanted on chicken chorioallantoic membrane induced an angiogenic response indicating that timed overexpression of PKD2 from day 4 onwards leads to augmented angiogenesis in differentiating ESCs. Taken together, our results describe novel and time-dependent facets of PKD2 during early cell fate determination.
Interconnecting Carbon Fibers with the In-situ Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene as Advanced Binder-free Electrode Materials for Flexible Supercapacitor
Authors: Zou Yuqin , Wang Shuangyin
Published: July 2015

Flexible energy storage devices are highly demanded for various applications. Carbon cloth (CC) woven by carbon fibers (CFs) is typically used as electrode or current collector for flexible devices. The low surface area of CC and the presence of big gaps (ca. micro-size) between individual CFs lead to poor performance. Herein, we interconnect individual CFs through the in-situ exfoliated graphene with high surface area by the electrochemical intercalation method. The interconnected CFs are used as both current collector and electrode materials for flexible supercapacitors, in which the in-situ exfoliated graphene act as active materials and conductive “binders”. The in-situ electrochemical intercalation technique ensures the low contact resistance between electrode (graphene) and current collector (carbon cloth) with enhanced conductivity. The as-prepared electrode materials show significantly improved performance for flexible supercapacitors.
Combined impacts of global changes on biodiversity across the USA
Authors: Bellard C. , Leclerc C. , Courchamp F.
Published: July 2015

Most studies of the effects of global changes on biodiversity focus on a single threat, but multiple threats lead to species extinction. We lack spatially explicit assessments of the intensity of multiple threats and their impacts on biodiversity. Here, we used a novel metric of cumulative threats and impacts to assess the consequences of multiple threats on 196 endemic species across the USA. We predict that large areas with high cumulative impact scores for amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles will be concentrated in the eastern part of the USA by the 2050 s and 2080 s. These high cumulative impact values are due mainly to the presence of invasive species, climate change, cropland and pasture areas; additionally, a significant proportion of endemic species are vulnerable to some of these threats where they occur. This analysis provides a useful means of identifying where conservation measures and monitoring programs that should consider multiple threats should be implemented in the future.
BBS4 and BBS5 show functional redundancy in the BBSome to regulate the degradative sorting of ciliary sensory receptors
Authors: Xu Qingwen , Zhang Yuxia , Wei Qing , Huang Yan , Li Yan , Ling Kun , Hu Jinghua
Published: July 2015

Cilia harbor sensory receptors for various signaling cascades critical for vertebrate development. However, the mechanisms underlying the ciliary homeostasis of sensory receptors remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that BBS-4 and BBS-5, two distinct BBSome components, show unexpected functional redundancy in the context of cilia in C. elegans. BBS-4 directly interacts with BBS-5 and the interaction can be disrupted by a conserved mutation identified in human BBS4. Surprisingly, we found that BBS-4 and BBS-5 act redundantly in the BBSome to regulate the ciliary removal, rather than the ciliary entry or retrograde IFT transport, of various sensory receptors. Further analyses indicate that co-depletion of BBS-4 and BBS-5 disrupts the lysosome-targeted degradative sorting of ciliary sensory receptors. Moreover, mammalian BBS4 and BBS5 also interact directly and coordinate the ciliary removal of polycystin 2. Hence, we reveal a novel and highly conserved role for the BBSome in fine-tuning ciliary signaling by regulating the ciliary removal of sensory receptors for lysosomal degradation.
Hui and Walter’s latent-class model extended to estimate diagnostic test properties from surveillance data: a latent model for latent data
Authors: Bermingham Mairead L. , Handel Ian G. , Glass Elizabeth J. , Woolliams John A. , Bronsvoort B. Mark de Clare , McBride Stewart H. , Skuce Robin A. , Allen Adrian R. , McDowell Stanley W. J. , Bishop Stephen C.
Published: July 2015

Diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity are probabilistic estimates with far reaching implications for disease control, management and genetic studies. In the absence of ‘gold standard’ tests, traditional Bayesian latent class models may be used to assess diagnostic test accuracies through the comparison of two or more tests performed on the same groups of individuals. The aim of this study was to extend such models to estimate diagnostic test parameters and true cohort-specific prevalence, using disease surveillance data. The traditional Hui-Walter latent class methodology was extended to allow for features seen in such data, including (i) unrecorded data (i.e. data for a second test available only on a subset of the sampled population) and (ii) cohort-specific sensitivities and specificities. The model was applied with and without the modelling of conditional dependence between tests. The utility of the extended model was demonstrated through application to bovine tuberculosis surveillance data from Northern and the Republic of Ireland. Simulation coupled with re-sampling techniques, demonstrated that the extended model has good predictive power to estimate the diagnostic parameters and true herd-level prevalence from surveillance data. Our methodology can aid in the interpretation of disease surveillance data and the results can potentially refine disease control strategies.
Revealing Three Stages of DNA-Cisplatin Reaction by a Solid-State Nanopore
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Hu Ying , Shan Xinyan , Li Wei , Bai Xuedong , Wang Pengye , Lu Xinghua
Published: July 2015

The dynamic structural behavior in DNA due to interaction with cisplatin is essential for the functionality of platinum-based anti-cancer drugs. Here we report a novel method to monitor the interaction progress in DNA-cisplatin reaction in real time with a solid-state nanopore. The interaction processes are found to be well elucidated by the evolution of the capture rate of DNA-cisplatin complex, which is defined as the number of their translocation events through the nanopore in unit time. In the first stage, the capture rate decreases rapidly due to DNA discharging as the positive-charged hydrated cisplatin molecules initially bond to the negative-charged DNA and form mono-adducts. In the second stage, by forming di-adducts, the capture rate increases as DNA molecules are softened, appears as the reduced persistence length of the DNA-cisplatin adducts. In the third stage, the capture rate decreases again as a result of DNA aggregation. Our study demonstrates a new single-molecule tool in exploring dynamic behaviors during drug-DNA reactions and may have future application in fast drug screening.
Function of a p24 Heterodimer in Morphogenesis and Protein Transport in Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Wang Fangzhong , Liu Kuimei , Han Lijuan , Jiang Baojie , Wang Mingyu , Fang Xu
Published: July 2015

The lignocellulose degradation capacity of filamentous fungi has been widely studied because of their cellulase hypersecretion. The p24 proteins in eukaryotes serve important functions in this secretory pathway. However, little is known about the functions of the p24 proteins in filamentous fungi. In this study, four p24 proteins were identified in Penicillium oxalicum. Six p24 double-deletion strains were constructed and further studies were carried out with the ΔerpΔpδ strain. The experimental results suggested that Erp and Pδ form a p24 heterodimer in vivo. This p24 heterodimer participates in important morphogenetic events, including sporulation, hyphal growth and lateral branching. The results suggested that the p24 heterodimer mediates protein transport, particularly that of cellobiohydrolase. Analysis of the intracellular proteome revealed that the ΔerpΔpδ double mutant is under secretion stress due to attempts to remove proteins that are jammed in the endomembrane system. These results suggest that the p24 heterodimer participates in morphogenesis and protein transport. Compared with P. oxalicum Δerp, a greater number of cellular physiological pathways were impaired in ΔerpΔpδ. This finding may provide new insights into the secretory pathways of filamentous fungi.
Association of relative telomere length with progression of chronic kidney disease in two cohorts: effect modification by smoking and diabetes
Authors: Raschenberger Julia , Kollerits Barbara , Ritchie James , Lane Beverley , Kalra Philip A. , Ritz Eberhard , Kronenberg Florian
Published: July 2015

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly progressive disease. We studied the association between relative telomere length (RTL) and CKD progression and tested whether this association is modified by smoking and diabetes mellitus. RTL was measured by qPCR in two prospective cohort studies, the MMKD-Study (n = 166) and the CRISIS-Study (n = 889) with a median follow-up of 4.5 and 2.8 years, respectively. Progression was defined as doubling of baseline serum creatinine (MMKD-Study) and/or end stage renal disease (both studies). 59 and 105 of the patients from MMKD and CRISIS experienced a progression of CKD. Mean standardized pooled RTL was 0.74 ± 0.29. In the meta-analysis shorter RTL at baseline showed a borderline association with CKD progression (HR = 1.07 [95%CI 1.00–1.15]; p = 0.06). We observed an effect modification of RTL and CKD progression by smoking and diabetes (p-values of interaction p = 0.02 and p = 0.09, respectively). Each 0.1 unit shorter RTL was significantly associated with an increased hazard for CKD progression in active-smokers by 44% (HR = 1.44 [1.16–1.81]; p = 0.001) and in patients with diabetes mellitus by 16% (HR = 1.16 [1.01–1.34]; p = 0.03). Estimates were adjusted for baseline age, sex, proteinuria and GFR. This study in two independent cohorts reinforces that RTL is a marker and potentially a pathogenetic factor for CKD progression.
Functional characterization of the principal sigma factor RpoD of phytoplasmas via an in vitro transcription assay
Authors: Miura Chihiro , Komatsu Ken , Maejima Kensaku , Nijo Takamichi , Kitazawa Yugo , Tomomitsu Tatsuya , Yusa Akira , Himeno Misako , Oshima Kenro , Namba Shigetou
Published: July 2015

Phytoplasmas (class, Mollicutes) are insect-transmissible and plant-pathogenic bacteria that multiply intracellularly in both plants and insects through host switching. Our previous study revealed that phytoplasmal sigma factor rpoD of OY-M strain (rpoDOY) could be a key regulator of host switching, because the expression level of rpoDOY was higher in insect hosts than in plant hosts. In this study, we developed an in vitro transcription assay system to identify RpoDOY-dependent genes and the consensus promoter elements. The assay revealed that RpoDOY regulated some housekeeping, virulence and host–phytoplasma interaction genes of OY-M strain. The upstream region of the transcription start sites of these genes contained conserved –35 and –10 promoter sequences, which were similar to the typical bacterial RpoD-dependent promoter elements, while the –35 promoter elements were variable. In addition, we searched putative RpoD-dependent genes based on these promoter elements on the whole genome sequence of phytoplasmas using in silico tools. The phytoplasmal RpoD seems to mediate the transcription of not only many housekeeping genes as the principal sigma factor, but also the virulence- and host-phytoplasma interaction-related genes exhibiting host-specific expression patterns. These results indicate that more complex mechanisms exist than previously thought regarding gene regulation enabling phytoplasmas to switch hosts.
miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p promote adipogenesis via suppressing the RhoA/ROCK1/ERK1/2 pathway in multiple symmetric lipomatosis
Authors: Chen Ke , He Honghui , Xie Yanhong , Zhao Liling , Zhao Shaoli , Wan Xinxing , Yang Wenjun , Mo Zhaohui
Published: July 2015

Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is a rare disease characterized by symmetric and abnormal distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT); however, the etiology is largely unknown. We report here that miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p are upregulated in the SAT of MSL patients, promoting adipogenesis through suppressing the RhoA/ROCK1/ERK1/2 pathway. TaqMan microRNA (miR) array analysis revealed that 18 miRs were upregulated in the SAT of MSL patients. Transfection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) with the individual agomirs of these 18 miRs showed that miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p significantly promoted adipogenesis. A dual-luciferase assay showed that RhoA and ERK1 were the targets of miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p, respectively. Moreover, transfection of hADSCs with mimics of miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p resulted in a pronounced decrease of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the nucleus; conversely, transfection of hADSCs with inhibitors of miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p led to a significant increase of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the nucleus. Most importantly, we found that miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p promotedde novoadipose tissue formation in nude mice. These results demonstrated that miR-125a-3p and miR-483-5p coordinately promoted adipogenesis through suppressing the RhoA/ROCK1/ERK1/2 pathway. Our findings may provide novel strategies for the management and treatment of MSL or obesity.
Crystal structure of a COG4313 outer membrane channel
Authors: Berg Bert van den , Bhamidimarri Satya Prathyusha , Winterhalter Mathias
Published: July 2015

COG4313 proteins form a large and widespread family of outer membrane channels and have been implicated in the uptake of a variety of hydrophobic molecules. Structure-function studies of this protein family have so far been hampered by a lack of structural information. Here we present the X-ray crystal structure of Pput2725 from the biodegrader Pseudomonas putida F1, a COG4313 channel of unknown function, using data to 2.3 Å resolution. The structure shows a 12-stranded barrel with an N-terminal segment preceding the first β-strand occluding the lumen of the barrel. Single channel electrophysiology and liposome swelling experiments suggest that while the narrow channel visible in the crystal structure does allow passage of ions and certain small molecules in vitro, Pput2725 is unlikely to function as a channel for hydrophilic molecules. Instead, the presence of bound detergent molecules inside the barrel suggests that Pput2725 mediates uptake of hydrophobic molecules. Sequence alignments and the locations of highly conserved residues suggest the presence of a dynamic lateral opening through which hydrophobic molecules might gain entry into the cell. Our results provide the basis for structure-function studies of COG4313 family members with known function, such as the SphA sphingosine uptake channel of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
An optimization solution of a laser plane in vision measurement with the distance object between global origin and calibration points
Authors: Xu Guan , Hao Zhaobing , Li Xiaotao , Su Jian , Liu Huanping , Sun Lina
Published: July 2015

Equation construction of a laser plane demonstrates a remarkable importance for vision measurement systems based on the structured light. Here we create a simple 1D target with a cone at the bottom and a checkered pattern on the top to calibrate the equation of the laser plane in the view field of a camera. A group of 2D coordinates of the intersection points are extracted from the images with the 1D target at different positions. The objective function is constructed to optimize the coefficients of the laser plane by minimizing the difference between the distance from the feature point to the the origin point and the length of the 1D target. The projective lines of the optimized laser plane on the 3D calibration board overlap the real intersection lines in the experimental images. Finally, the comparison work about the influences of the non-Gaussian noise and point number is investigated experimentally. The experiments show that the method of the distance optimal object from the feature point to the origin point provides an accurate and robust calibration for the laser plane in structured light measurement.
A High Throughput Micro-Chamber Array Device for Single Cell Clonal Cultivation and Tumor Heterogeneity Analysis
Authors: Shen Feng-Min , Zhu Lian , Ye Heng , Yang Yu-Jun , Pang Dai-Wen , Zhang Zhi-Ling
Published: July 2015

Recently, single cell cloning techniques have been gradually developed benefited from their important roles in monoclonal antibody screening, tumor heterogeneity research fields, etc. In this study, we developed a high throughput device containing 1400 lateral chambers to efficiently isolate single cells and carry out long-term single cell clonal cultivation as well as tumor heterogeneity studies. Most of the isolated single cells could proliferate normally nearly as long as three weeks and hundreds of clones could be formed once with one device, which made it possible to study tumor heterogeneity at single cell level. The device was further used to examine tumor heterogeneity such as morphology, growth rate, anti-cancer drug tolerance as well as adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 protein expression level. Except for the single cell isolation and tumor heterogeneity studies, the device is expected to be used as an excellent platform for drug screening, tumor biomarker discovering and tumor metastasis assay.
Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and miRNA in skeletal muscle indicates an important network for differential Residual Feed Intake in pigs
Authors: Jing Lu , Hou Ye , Wu Hui , Miao Yuanxin , Li Xinyun , Cao Jianhua , Michael Brameld John , Parr Tim , Zhao Shuhong
Published: July 2015

Feed efficiency (FE) can be measured by feed conversion ratio (FCR) or residual feed intake (RFI). In this study, we measured the FE related phenotypes of 236 castrated purebred Yorkshire boars and selected 10 extreme individuals with high and low RFI for transcriptome analysis. We used RNA-seq analyses to determine the differential expression of genes and miRNAs in skeletal muscle. There were 99 differentially expressed genes identified (q ≤ 0.05). The down-regulated genes were mainly involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism, including FABP3, RCAN, PPARGC1 (PGC-1A), HK2 and PRKAG2. The up-regulated genes were mainly involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and proliferation, including IGF2, PDE7A, CEBPD, PIK3R1 and MYH6. Moreover, 15 differentially expressed miRNAs (|log2FC| ≥ 1, total reads count ≥ 20, p ≤ 0.05) were identified. Among them, miR-136, miR-30e-5p, miR-1, miR-208b, miR-199a, miR-101 and miR-29c were up-regulated, while miR-215, miR-365-5p, miR-486, miR-1271, miR-145, miR-99b, miR-191 and miR-10b were down-regulated in low RFI pigs. We conclude that decreasing mitochondrial energy metabolism, possibly through AMPK - PGC-1A pathways and increasing muscle growth, through IGF-1/2 and TGF-β signaling pathways, are potential strategies for the improvement of FE in pigs (and possibly other livestock). This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that determine RFI and FE in pigs.
Insulin sensitivity index (ISI0, 120) potentially linked to carbon isotopes of breath CO2 for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ghosh Chiranjit , Mukhopadhyay Prabuddha , Ghosh Shibendu , Pradhan Manik
Published: July 2015

New strategies for an accurate and early detection of insulin resistance are important to delay or prevent the acute onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Currently, insulin sensitivity index (ISI0,120) is considered to be a viable invasive method of whole-body insulin resistance for use in clinical settings in comparison with other invasive sensitivity indexes like homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). To investigate how these sensitivity indexes link the 13C/12C-carbon isotopes of exhaled breath CO2 to pre-diabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes in response to glucose ingestion, we studied excretion dynamics of 13C/12C-isotopic fractionations of breath CO2. Here, we show that 13C/12C-isotope ratios of breath CO2 were well correlated with blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated-hemoglobin as well as with HOMA-IR and 1/QUICKI. Conversely, the strongest correlation was observed between 1/ISI0,120 and breath CO2 isotopes. Consequently, we determined several optimal diagnostic cut-off points of 1/ISI0,120 and 13CO2/12CO2-isotope ratios to distinctively track the evolution of PD prior to the onset of T2D. Our findings suggest that isotopic breath CO2 is a novel method for accurate estimation of ISI0,120 and thus may open new perspectives into the isotope-specific non-invasive evaluation of insulin resistance for large-scale real-time diabetes screening purposes.
Wide Carbon Nanopores as Efficient Sites for the Separation of SF6 from N2
Authors: Takase Atsushi , Kanoh Hirofumi , Ohba Tomonori
Published: July 2015

SF6 and SF6-N2 mixed gases are used widely as insulators, but such gases have high greenhouse gas potential. The separation of SF6 from SF6-N2 mixed gases is an inevitable result of their use. Single-walled carbon nanohorns (CNHs) were used here for a fundamental study of the separation of SF6 and N2. The diameters of the interstitial and internal nanopores of the CNHs were 0.7 and 2.9 nm, respectively. The high selectivity of SF6 over N2 was observed only in the low-pressure regime in the interstitial 0.7 nm nanopores; the selectively was significantly decreased at higher pressures. In contrast, the high selectivity was maintained over the entire pressure range in the internal 2.9-nm nanopores. These results showed that the wide carbon nanopores were efficient for the separation of SF6 from the mixed gas.
Scaffolding of a bacterial genome using MinION nanopore sequencing
Authors: Karlsson E. , Lärkeryd A. , Sjödin A. , Forsman M. , Stenberg P.
Published: July 2015

Second generation sequencing has revolutionized genomic studies. However, most genomes contain repeated DNA elements that are longer than the read lengths achievable with typical sequencers, so the genomic order of several generated contigs cannot be easily resolved. A new generation of sequencers offering substantially longer reads is emerging, notably the Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) RS II system and the MinION system, released in early 2014 by Oxford Nanopore Technologies through an early access program. The latter has highly advantageous portability and sequences samples by measuring changes in ionic current when single-stranded DNA molecules are translocated through nanopores. We show that the MinION system produces long reads with high mapability that can be used for scaffolding bacterial genomes, despite currently producing substantially higher error rates than PacBio reads. With further development we anticipate that MinION will be useful not only for assembling genomes, but also for rapid detection of organisms, potentially in the field.
Increased neurokinin-1 receptor availability in the amygdala in social anxiety disorder: a positron emission tomography study with [11C]GR205171
Authors: Frick A , Ahs F , Linnman C , Jonasson M , Appel L , Lubberink M , Långström B , Fredrikson M , Furmark T
Published: July 2015

The neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor is abundantly expressed in the fear circuitry of the brain, including the amygdala, where it modulates stress and anxiety. Despite its proposed involvement in psychopathology, only a few studies of NK1 receptor availability in human subjects with anxiety disorders exist. Here, we compared NK1 receptor availability in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD; n=17) and healthy controls (n=17) using positron emission tomography and the radiotracer [11C]GR205171. The Patlak Graphical plot using a cerebellar reference region was used to model the influx parameter, Ki measuring NK1 receptor availability. Voxel-wise statistical parametric mapping analyses revealed increased NK1 receptor availability specifically in the right amygdala in SAD patients relative to controls. Thus, we demonstrate that exaggerated social anxiety is related to enhanced NK1 receptor availability in the amygdala. This finding supports the contribution of NK1 receptors not only in animal models of stress and anxiety but also in humans with anxiety disorders.
Strong antiferromagnetic exchange between manganese phthalocyanine and ferromagnetic europium oxide
Authors: Wäckerlin Christian , Donati Fabio , Singha Aparajita , Baltic Romana , Uldry Anne-Christine , Delley Bernard , Rusponi Stefano , Dreiser Jan
Published: July 2015

A record strong antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between an organic magnetic semiconductor and an insulating ferromagnetic oxide is observed.
Low temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy of an electro-generated arylbis(arylthio)sulfonium ion
Authors: Matsumoto Kouichi , Miyamoto Yu , Shimada Kazuaki , Morisawa Yusuke , Zipse Hendrik , Suga Seiji , Yoshida Jun-ichi , Kashimura Shigenori , Wakabayashi Tomonari
Published: July 2015

Low temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy detects reactive intermediate cations generated by the electrochemical oxidation in organic chemistry.
Salts of the two-coordinate homoleptic manganese(i) dialkyl anion [Mn{C(SiMe3)3}2]− with quenched orbital magnetism
Authors: Lin C.-Y. , Fettinger J. C. , Chilton N. F. , Formanuik A. , Grandjean F. , Long G. J. , Power P. P.
Published: July 2015

The structural and magnetic data for the Mn(i) dialkyl anionic salts [K2(18-crown-6)3][Mn{C(SiMe3)3}2]2 and [K(15-crown-5)2][Mn{C(SiMe3)3}2] are presented, indicating that these complexes possess a non-degenerate S = 2 ground state owing to 4s–3dz2 mixing upon reduction from the Mn(ii) parent complexes.
Regulated morphology/phase structure and enhanced fluorescence in YF3:Eu3+,Bi3+via a facile method
Authors: Lei Fengying , Zou Xiao , Jiang Na , Zheng Qiaoji , Lam Kwok Ho , Luo Lingling , Ning Zhanglei , Lin Dunmin
Published: July 2015

Using a facile method to regulate morphology/phase structure and significantly enhance the fluorescence in YF3:Eu3+,Bi3+.
BaGa4O7, a new A3BC10O20 crystalline phase: synthesis, structural determination and luminescence properties
Authors: Boyer Marina , Véron Emmanuel , Becerro Ana Isabel , Porcher Florence , Suchomel Matthew R. , Matzen Guy , Allix Mathieu
Published: July 2015

A new compound, BaGa4O7, is found by cooling from the melt. Part of the A3BC10O20 family, it exhibits strong orange-red luminescence emission when doped with Eu3+.
Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of the photodegradation process of polyester-urethane coatings
Authors: Adema Koen N. S. , Makki Hesam , Peters Elias A. J. F. , Laven Jozua , van der Ven Leendert G. J. , van Benthem Rolf A. T. M. , de With Gijsbertus
Published: July 2015

A numerical method to simulate reactions in a cross-linked polymer is developed and applied to the photodegradation process of polyester-urethane clearcoats during artificial exposure in a Weather-Ometer.
The Interplay of manganese and nitrate in hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as revealed by pulsed EPR and DFT
Authors: Gafurov Marat , Biktagirov Timur , Mamin Georgy , Klimashina Elena , Putlayev Valery , Kuznetsova L. , Orlinskii Sergei
Published: July 2015

The interplay of oppositely charged substitutions in the structure of hydroxyapatite nanopowders is investigated by pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance and ab initio density functional theory calculations.
Intermediate length scale organisation in tin borophosphate glasses: new insights from high field correlation NMR
Authors: Tricot G. , Saitoh A. , Takebe H.
Published: July 2015

11B/31P correlation NMR techniques have been used to identify the mixed borophosphate units in the 67SnO–xB2O3–(33 − x)P2O5 glass system.
Inverse internal conversion in C4− below the electron detachment threshold
Authors: Kono Naoko , Furukawa Takeshi , Tanuma Hajime , Matsumoto Jun , Shiromaru Haruo , Azuma Toshiyuki , Najafian Kaveh , Pettersson Maria Susanne , Dynefors Bertil , Hansen Klavs
Published: July 2015

Inverse internal conversion below the electron detachment threshold drives fast the radiative cooling of vibrationally hot C4− isolated in a vacuum.
Tunable dipole induced hydrogen bonds between a hydrogen molecule and alkali halides
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Huang Bolong , Li Jianfu , Jiang Zhenyi , Wang Bo , Wang Zhigang , Zhang Rui-Qin
Published: July 2015

Conventional hydrogen bonding (HB) systems are known to be X–H⋯Y type complex, with the X and Y being strongly electronegative atoms such as O, N and halides. In this work, we devise a new type of HB depicted as H–H⋯Y–M, with MY being alkali halides.
Mass partitioning effects in diffusion transport
Authors: Kojic Milos , Milosevic Miljan , Wu Suhong , Blanco Elvin , Ferrari Mauro , Ziemys Arturas
Published: July 2015

Mass partitioning may have a substantial control over diffusive transport in heterogeneous material systems.
Coupling effect between the structure and surface characteristics of electrospun carbon nanofibres on the electrochemical activity towards the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple
Authors: Wei Guanjie , Gao Zhenguo , Wei Zengfu , Fan Xinzhuang , Liu Jianguo , Yan Chuanwei
Published: July 2015

The electrochemical activity of ECNFs towards the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple decreases firstly and then rises gradually with increasing carbonization temperature, indicating of the coupling effect of the surface composition and microstructure of ECNFs.
Strength order and nature of the π-hole bond of cyanuric chloride and 1,3,5-triazine with halide
Authors: Wang Hui , Li Chen , Wang Weizhou , Jin Wei Jun
Published: July 2015

The 3ClN/3N⋯X−π-hole bond is electrostatically attractive in nature. In the gas phase, it follows the order 3ClN/3N⋯Cl−> 3ClN/3N⋯Br−> 3ClN/3N⋯I−. However, in solution the order is the reverse due to the solvation effect.
Catalytic hydrogenation of liquid alkenes with a silica-grafted hydride pincer iridium(iii) complex: support for a heterogeneous mechanism
Authors: Rimoldi M. , Fodor D. , van Bokhoven J. A. , Mezzetti A.
Published: July 2015

The silica-grafted Ir(iii) hydride complex [IrH(O–SBA-15)(POCOP)], prepared by treating [IrH2(O–SBA-15)] with SBA-15 (mesoporous silica), hydrogenates liquid alkenes at room temperature and under 1 atm H2 without leaching into solution.
Hybridization of Cd0.2Zn0.8S with g-C3N4nanosheets: a visible-light-driven photocatalyst for H2evolution from water and degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Liu Hong , Jin Zhitong , Xu Zhengzheng
Published: July 2015

Novel visible-light-driven Cd0.2Zn0.8S/g-C3N4composites with excellent photocatalytic activities have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method.
Interactions between the trianionic ligand-centred redox-active metalloligand [CrIII(perfluorocatecholato)3]3−and guest metal ions
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Matsumoto Takeshi , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako , Chang Ho-Chol
Published: July 2015

The redox behavior of redox-active metalloligand (RML), [CrIII(F4Cat)3]3−(F4Cat: perfluorocatecholato), responsible for interaction with guest metal ions in solution are systematically demonstrated.
Mono- and di-cationic hydrido boron compounds
Authors: Ghadwal Rajendra S. , Schürmann Christian J. , Andrada Diego M. , Frenking Gernot
Published: July 2015

Stable mono- and di-cationic hydrido boron compounds featuring CH2BH2(μ-H)BH2CH2and CH2BH(μ-H)2BHCH2cores are readily accessible by dehydrogenative hydride abstractions. NBO calculations revealed the occurrence of two B–H–B 3c–2e bonds in the HB(μ-H)2BH moiety of di-cations (7and8), where 43% is located at the H bridges and ∼28% at each boron atom.
Correction: Study of the one-photon and two-photon properties of two water-soluble terpyridines and their zinc complexes
Authors: Shi Pengfei , Jiang Qin , Sánchez Sergio , Zhao Xuesong , Zhang Qiong , Tian Yupeng
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘Study of the one-photon and two-photon properties of two water-soluble terpyridines and their zinc complexes’ by Pengfei Shi et al., Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 8041–8048.
Land use as an explanatory factor for potential phosphorus loss risk, assessed by P indices and their governing parameters
Authors: Zhou Bin , Vogt Rolf D. , Lu Xueqiang , Yang Xiaoguang , Lü Changwei , Mohr Christian W. , Zhu Liang
Published: July 2015

This study provides a clear conceptually based and empirically verified ranking of land-use categories according to their importance as potential P leaching risk to surface waters.
Helium conservation by discontinuous introduction in the flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow source for ambient desorption-ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Storey Andrew P. , Zeiri Offer M. , Ray Steven J. , Hieftje Gary M.
Published: July 2015

Helium consumption by the FAPA source can be limited by interruption flow between analyses with similar performance characteristics.
Glycodendropeptides stimulate dendritic cell maturation and T cell proliferation: a potential influenza A virus immunotherapy
Authors: Mascaraque Ainhoa , Kowalczyk Wioleta , Fernández Tahia , Palomares Francisca , Mayorga Cristobalina , Andreu David , Rojo Javier
Published: July 2015

A GDP displaying the NP366–374 influenza A virus epitope induces an immunostimulatory effect, emerging as a potential flu vaccine.
A simple and efficient one-pot synthesis of 2-alkyl/aryl/pyridyl substituted 2H-chromenes
Authors: Chandrasekhara Rao Lenka , Satish Kumar Nandigama , Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu , Mitaram Meshram Harshadas
Published: July 2015

A simple and efficient protocol is demonstrated to synthesize medicinally significant new 2-pyridyl/aryl/alkyl substituted 2H-chromenes.
Biosourced graphitic nanoparticle loaded hyperbranched polyurethane composites – application as multifunctional high-performance coatings
Authors: Pilla Srinivasarao , Gaddam Rohit Ranganathan , Narayan Ramanuj , Rao Chepuri R. K. , Raju K. V. S. N.
Published: July 2015

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of GP-PU depicting a drastic increase in E′ and Tg with minuscule incorporation of GP-COOH.
Utilizing the anti-ferromagnetic functionality of a multiferroic shell to study exchange bias in hybrid core–shell nanostructures
Authors: Ali S. S. , Li W. J. , Javed K. , Shi D. W. , Riaz S. , Liu Y. , Zhao Y. G. , Zhai G. J. , Han X. F.
Published: July 2015

A three-step method has been employed to synthesize 1D core–shell nanostructures consisting of a ferromagnetic Co90Pt10 (CoPt) core and a La doped multiferroic Bi0.87La0.13FeO3 (BLFO) shell.
Ultrathin, freestanding, stimuli-responsive, porous membranes from polymer hydrogel-brushes
Authors: Kang Chengjun , Ramakrishna Shivaprakash N. , Nelson Adrienne , Cremmel Clement V. M. , vom Stein Helena , Spencer Nicholas D. , Isa Lucio , Benetti Edmondo M.
Published: July 2015

Responsive nanoporous polymeric membranes with tunable morphologies are fabricated by combining self-assembly of particles from liquid interfaces (SALI) and surface-initiated polymerization (SIP).
Reactions of CF3-enones with arenes under superelectrophilic activation: a pathway to trans-1,3-diaryl-1-CF3-indanes, new cannabinoid receptor ligands
Authors: Iakovenko Roman O. , Kazakova Anna N. , Muzalevskiy Vasiliy M. , Ivanov Alexander Yu. , Boyarskaya Irina A. , Chicca Andrea , Petrucci Vanessa , Gertsch Jürg , Krasavin Mikhail , Starova Galina L. , Zolotarev Andrey A. , Avdontceva Margarita S. , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Vasilyev Aleksander V.
Published: July 2015

CF3-enones react with arenes in TfOH to givetrans-1,3-diaryl-1-CF3indanes.
Recent advances in the syntheses, transformations and applications of 1,1-dihalocyclopropanes
Authors: Thankachan Amrutha P. , Sindhu K. S. , Krishnan K. Keerthi , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: July 2015

gem-Dihalocyclopropanes have wide-spread applications in organic synthesis due to their versatile chemistry. The various new methods of synthesis, reactions and applications of these synthetically useful compounds are described.
Regioselective functionalisation of dibenzothiophenes through gold-catalysed intermolecular alkyne oxyarylation
Authors: Barrett Matthew J. , Davies Paul W. , Grainger Richard S.
Published: July 2015

Site-selective and direct C–H functionalisation of dibenzothiophenes is achieved using a gold-catalysed oxyarylation approach.
Chiral biomolecule based dodecanuclear dysprosium(iii)–copper(ii) clusters: structural analyses and magnetic properties
Authors: Joarder Biplab , Mukherjee Soumya , Patil Mahendra , Xue Shufang , Tang Jinkui , Ghosh Sujit K.
Published: July 2015

Biomolecule pyroglutamic acid has been proficiently harnessed for synthesizing a family of three isostructural M4Cu8 dodecanuclear symmetric clusters, which after structural characterization were subjected to magnetic analyses.
A study of oxidizing centers in carbon nanotubes by solid-state NMR
Authors: Shen Wanling , Li Xin , Liu Xin
Published: July 2015

The adsorbed trimethylphosphine is oxidized to trimethylphosphine oxide by the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of functionalized CNTs. The concentration of oxidizing center is selectively measured.
A novel Fe3C/graphitic carbon composite with electromagnetic wave absorption properties in the C-band
Authors: Bateer Buhe , Wang Lei , Zhao Lu , Yu Peng , Tian Chungui , Pan Kai , Fu Honggang
Published: July 2015

A Fe3C/graphitic carbon (Fe3C/GC) composite has been synthesized by a facile route. It shows excellent electromagnetic absorption property in the microwave frequency range C-band (4–8 GHz), indicating its potential application in aerospace fields.
Light-mediated cascade transformation of activated alkenes: BiOBr nanosheets as efficient photocatalysts for the synthesis of α-aryl-β-trifluoromethyl amides
Authors: Liu Cuibo , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2015

A facile light induced, BiOBr nanosheet promoted one-pot consecutive trifluoromethylation/aryl migration/desulfonylation and N–H bond formation of activated alkenes is proposed.
Quaternary ammonium functionalized Fe3O4@P(GMA–EGDMA) composite particles as highly efficient and dispersible catalysts for phase transfer reactions
Authors: Jia Xiangkun , Fan Xinlong , Liu Yin , Li Wei , Tian Lei , Fan Lili , Zhang Baoliang , Zhang Hepeng , Zhang Qiuyu
Published: July 2015

We have revealed a high efficiency, high dispersibility, structural stability, easy recovery and reusable magnetic phase transfer catalyst.
A large grain size perovskite thin film with a dense structure for planar heterojunction solar cells via spray deposition under ambient conditions
Authors: Liang Zhurong , Zhang Shaohong , Xu Xueqing , Wang Nan , Wang Junxia , Wang Xin , Bi Zhuoneng , Xu Gang , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning
Published: July 2015

A facile spray deposition process was developed to prepare high-quality perovskite films with full surface coverage and large grain size.
99mTc-DTPA-bis-c(RGDfK) a potential alpha(v)beta3 integrin based homobivalent radioligand for imaging neoangiogenesis in malignant glioma and melanoma
Authors: Debordeaux Frédéric , Schulz Jürgen , Savona-Baron Catherine , Hazari Puja Panwar , Lervat Cyril , Mishra Anil Kumar , Ries Colette , Barthe Nicole , Vergier Béatrice , Fernandez Philippe
Published: July 2015

A new99mTc-labeled bivalent DTPA-bis-c(RGDfK) conjugate has been developed and successfully synthesized. Promising results have been obtained for its preclinical evaluation on human glioma and melanoma tumor expressing αvβ3targets.
Nickel nanocomposites: magnetic and catalytic properties
Authors: Castillo C. , Seguin K. , Aguirre P. , Venegas-Yazigi D. , Viegas A. D. C. , Spodine E. , Paredes-Garcia V.
Published: July 2015

Nickel nanocomposites are obtained under solvothermal conditions by reduction of NiII on matrices of polyethylene (Pe) and chitosan (Ch). The composites are weak magnets and are active as catalysts for the hydrogen transfer reaction for acetophenone.
Photocatalytic H2 generation over In2TiO5, Ni substituted In2TiO5 and NiTiO3 – a combined theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Banerjee A. M. , Pai M. R. , Arya A. , Bharadwaj S. R.
Published: July 2015

Role of Ni substitution in modifying the crystal structure, optical absorption properties and electronic properties of indium titanate, In2(1−x)Ni2xTiO5−δ (0.0 ≤ 2x ≤ 0.4) and its consequent effect on the photocatalytic properties for H2 generation.
Characterization and reactivity of Mn–Ce–O composites for catalytic ozonation of antipyrine
Authors: Xing Shengtao , Lu Xiaoyang , Ren Limei , Ma Zichuan
Published: July 2015

Mn–Ce–O(8/2) exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the mineralization of antipyrine with ozone, attributed to its high electron transfer ability.
Mechanical and thermal properties of graphene oxide/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites
Authors: Pang Wenchao , Ni Zifeng , Chen Guomei , Huang Guodong , Huang Huadong , Zhao Yongwu
Published: July 2015

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared according to a modified Hummers method, and a range of GO/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were fabricated then their mechanical and thermal properties were investigated.
Electric field induced birefringence in non-aqueous dispersions of mineral nanorods
Authors: de la Cotte Alexis , Merzeau Pascal , Kim Jong Wook , Lahlil Khalid , Boilot Jean-Pierre , Gacoin Thierry , Grelet Eric
Published: July 2015

Kerr birefringence is measured for LaPO4colloidal rods dispersed in ethylene glycol in the geometry of directly applied or externally applied (through a thin glass wall) electric field. A quantitative analysis of the Kerr coefficients and of the relaxation frequencies is performed thanks to the Maxwell–Wagner–O'Konski theory.
Self-assembly and hybridization mechanisms of DNA with cationic polythiophene
Authors: Rubio-Magnieto Jenifer , Azene Elias Gebremedhn , Knoops Jérémie , Knippenberg Stefan , Delcourt Cécile , Thomas Amandine , Richeter Sébastien , Mehdi Ahmad , Dubois Philippe , Lazzaroni Roberto , Beljonne David , Clément Sébastien , Surin Mathieu
Published: July 2015

Sequence-dependent self-assembly is observed in DNA–cationic polythiophene complexes, which is of importance for hybridization biosensors.
Lithium transport through lithium-ion battery cathode coatings
Authors: Xu Shenzhen , Jacobs Ryan M. , Nguyen Ha M. , Hao Shiqiang , Mahanthappa Mahesh , Wolverton Chris , Morgan Dane
Published: July 2015

This study uses first-principles methods to model Li transport, resistivity and overpotential of lithium-ion battery cathode coating materials.
A facile solution approach to W,N co-doped TiO2 nanobelt thin films with high photocatalytic activity
Authors: Lai Lu-Lu , Wu Jin-Ming
Published: July 2015

W,N co-doped anatase TiO2 nanobelt films were synthesized by direct oxidation of metallic Ti substrates with H2O2 solutions containing H2WO4 and C3H6N6 at 80 °C, followed by a subsequent calcination. The photocatalytic activity of the W,N co-doped anatase TiO2 nanobelt films was nearly three times that of undoped alkali-hydrothermal synthesized anatase TiO2 nanobelt films, under UV and visible light illumination.
Aluminium glycinate functionalized silica nanoparticles for highly specific separation of phosphoproteins
Authors: Liu Wei , Zheng Jiangnan , Li Shihua , Wang Ruirui , Lin Zian , Yang Huanghao
Published: July 2015

Aluminium glycinate functionalized silica nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile approach and successfully applied for the specific capture of phosphoproteins from a complex sample.
Formation of two-dimensional ordered nanodomains and curious properties of Sr3FeMoO7
Authors: Chakraborty Tanushree , Meneghini Carlo , Nag Abhishek , Ray Sugata
Published: July 2015

Yellow and green sites represent the Fe and Mo ordered positions with red (blue) sites being Fe (Mo) on the Mo (Fe) sublattice.