bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of neurofilament light chain with renal function: mechanisms and clinical implications
Authors: Tang Rongxiang , Panizzon Matthew S. , Elman Jeremy A. , Gillespie Nathan A. , Hauger Richard L. , Rissman Robert A. , Lyons Michael J. , Neale Michael C. , Reynolds Chandra A. , Franz Carol E. , Kremen William S. ,   For the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2022

Background

Blood-based neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising biomarker of neurodegeneration across multiple neurodegenerative diseases. However, blood-based NfL is highly associated with renal function in older adults, which leads to the concern that blood-based NfL levels may be influenced by renal function, rather than neurodegeneration alone. Despite growing interest in using blood-based NfL as a biomarker of neurodegeneration in research and clinical practices, whether renal function should always be accounted for in these settings remains unclear. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying this association between blood-based measures of NfL and renal function remain elusive. In this study, we first evaluated the effect of renal function on the associations of plasma NfL with other measures of neurodegeneration. We then examined the extent of genetic and environmental contributions to the association between plasma NfL and renal function.

Methods

In a sample of 393 adults (mean age=75.22 years, range=54–90), we examined the associations of plasma NfL with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NfL and brain volumetric measures before and after adjusting for levels of serum creatinine (an index of renal function). In an independent sample of 969 men (mean age=67.57 years, range=61–73) that include monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, we replicated the same analyses and leveraged biometrical twin modeling to examine the genetic and environmental influences on the plasma NfL and creatinine association.

Results

Plasma NfL’s associations with cerebrospinal fluid NfL and brain volumetric measures did not meaningfully change after adjusting for creatinine levels. Both plasma NfL and creatinine were significantly heritable (h2=0.54 and 0.60, respectively). Their phenotypic correlation (r=0.38) was moderately explained by shared genetic influences (genetic correlation=0.46) and unique environmental influences (unique environmental correlation=0.27).

Conclusions

Adjusting for renal function is unnecessary when assessing associations between plasma NfL and other measures of neurodegeneration but is necessary if plasma NfL is compared to a cutoff for classifying neurodegeneration-positive versus neurodegeneration-negative individuals. Blood-based measures of NfL and renal function are heritable and share common genetic influences.
Second passage experiments of chronic wasting disease in transgenic mice overexpressing human prion protein
Authors: Race Brent , Baune Chase , Williams Katie , Striebel James F. , Hughson Andrew G. , Chesebro Bruce
Published: December 2022

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease of cervids including deer, elk, reindeer, and moose. Human consumption of cervids is common, therefore assessing the risk potential of CWD transmission to humans is critical. In a previous study, we tested CWD transmission via intracerebral inoculation into transgenic mice (tg66 and tgRM) that over-expressed human prion protein. Mice screened by traditional prion detection assays were negative. However, in a group of 88 mice screened by the ultrasensitive RT-QuIC assay, we identified 4 tg66 mice that produced inconsistent positive RT-QuIC reactions. These data could be false positive reactions, residual input inoculum or indicative of subclinical infections suggestive of cross species transmission of CWD to humans. Additional experiments were required to understand the nature of the prion seeding activity in this model. In this manuscript, second passage experiments using brains from mice with weak prion seeding activity showed they were not infectious to additional recipient tg66 mice. Clearance experiments showed that input CWD prion seeding activity was eliminated by 180 days in tg66 mice and PrPKO mice, which are unable to replicate prion protein, indicating that the weak positive levels of seeding activity detected at later time points was not likely residual inoculum. The failure of CWD prions to cause disease in tg66 after two sequential passages suggested that a strong species barrier prevented CWD infection of mice expressing human prion protein.
Influence of heat stress on intestinal integrity and the caecal microbiota during Enterococcus cecorum infection in broilers
Authors: Schreier Jana , Rychlik Ivan , Karasova Daniela , Crhanova Magdalena , Breves Gerhard , Rautenschlein Silke , Jung Arne
Published: December 2022

Enterococcus cecorum(EC) is one of the most relevant bacterial pathogens in modern broiler chicken production from an economic and animal welfare perspective. Although EC pathogenesis is generally well described, predisposing factors are still unknown. This study aimed to understand the effect of heat stress on the caecal microbiota, intestinal integrity, and EC pathogenesis. A total of 373 1-day-old commercial broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) noninoculated, thermoneutral conditions (TN); (2) noninoculated, heat stress conditions (HS); (3) EC-inoculated, thermoneutral conditions (TN + EC); and (4) EC-inoculated, heat stress conditions (HS + EC). Birds were monitored daily for clinical signs. Necropsy of 20 broilers per group was performed at 7, 14, 21, and 42 days post-hatch (dph). A trend towards enhanced and more pronounced clinical disease was observed in the EC-inoculated, heat-stressed group. EC detection rates in extraintestinal tissues via culture were higher in the HS + EC group (~19%) than in the TN + EC group (~11%). Significantly more birds were colonized by EC at 7 dph in the HS + EC group (100%) than in the TN + EC group (65%,p < 0.05). The caecal microbiota in the two EC-inoculated groups was significantly more diverse than that in the TN group (p < 0.05) at 14 dph, which may indicate an effect of EC infection. An influence of heat stress on mRNA expression of tight junction proteins in the caecum was detected at 7 dph, where all six investigated tight junction proteins were expressed at significantly lower levels in the heat stressed groups compared to the thermoneutral groups. These observations suggest that heat stress may predispose broilers to EC-associated disease and increase the severity thereof. Furthermore, heat stress may impair intestinal integrity and promote EC translocation.
Strategies for the deployment of microclimate sensors in spaces housing collections
Authors: Frasca Francesca , Verticchio Elena , Peiró-Vitoria Andrea , Grinde Andreas , Bile Alessandro , Chimenti Claudio , Conati Barbaro Cecilia , Favero Gabriele , Fazio Eugenio , Garcia-Diego F-J , Siani Anna Maria
Published: December 2022

The study of the microclimate is pivotal for the protection and conservation of cultural heritage. This paper describes specific procedures aimed at the deployment of microclimate sensors in spaces housing collections (e.g., museums) under different scenarios. The decision making involves a multidisciplinary discussion among museum manager, conservator and conservation scientist and implies five steps. Since the sensor’s deployment depends on the number of available sensors, we have identified two possible circumstances: (a) artwork-related deployment (i.e., there are as many sensors as the number of artworks) and (b) artwork-envelope-related deployment (i.e., the number of available sensors is less than the number of artworks). The former circumstance is advisable when the artwork is often moved from a museum to another one. The latter circumstance is usually the case of permanent collections, and, according to the Museum Scenario (MS), the related procedures can be further subdivided into basic (MSI and MSII) and advanced (MSIII and MSIV). Advanced procedures are preferable over basic procedures when several time series of microclimate data have been collected for at least one calendar year in several sampling points. All these procedures make it possible to design where to deploy sensors both in the case of an initial deployment and of optimisation of already installed sensors.
Characteristic analysis of BpbZIP family genes and BpbZIP26 significantly enhanced triterpenoid production in Betula platyphylla under S-nitrosothiol treatment
Authors: Wang Bo , Gao Xinglei , Yang Haixin , Liu Huimin , Fan Guizhi
Published: December 2022

Background

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are crucial in plant development, and response to environmental stress, etc. With the development of sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis, the bZIP family genes has been screened and identified in many plant species, but bZIP family genes has not been systematically characterized and identified their function in Betula platyphylla.

Methods

B. platyphylla reference genome was used to characterize bZIP family genes. The physicochemical properties, chromosome distribution, gene structure, and syntenic relationships were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. The effect of BpbZIP26 on triterpenoid production was investigated using Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation under N6022 treatment.

Results

51 bZIP family genes were identified in B. platyphylla, and named BpbZIP1–BpbZIP51 sequentially according to their positions on chromosomes. All BpbZIP genes were unevenly distributed on 14 chromosomes, and divided into 13 subgroups according to the classification of Arabidopsis thaliana bZIP proteins. 12 duplication events were detected in the B. platyphylla genome, and 28 orthologs existed between B. platyphylla and A. thaliana, 83 orthologs existed between B. platyphylla and Glycine max, and 73 orthologs existed between B. platyphylla and Populus trichocarpa. N6022 treatment changed gene expression levels of most BpbZIPs in seedlings of B. platyphylla. Among of them, N6022 treatment significantly enhanced gene expression levels of BpbZIP26 in leaves, stems and roots of B. platyphylla. BpbZIP26 mediated triterpenoid production, and N6022 treatment further enhanced triterpenoid production in BpbZIP26 overexpression calli of B. platyphylla using Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation.

Conclusion

This work highlights potential BpbZIP family genes responding to S-nitrosothiol and provides candidate genes for triterpenoid production in B. platyphylla.

Graphical Abstract
Troubleshooting recalcitrant tracheoesophageal prosthesis site leak with internal mammary artery perforator flap: a case report
Authors: Gautam Vimmi , Panda Smriti , Singh Chirom Amit , Thakar Alok
Published: December 2022

Background

An enlarged tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) site is a grave complication of voice prosthesis rehabilitation.

Case presentation

We report a case of periprosthetic leakage with an enlarged tracheoesophageal fistula causing aspiration, not responding to conservative management and primary closure. Internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) flap was subsequently used in the management. The flap was successfully taken up at the recipient site with no leak post-operatively as confirmed by barium swallow, thereby preventing further aspiration.

Conclusion

Though minor degrees of TEP leak usually respond to conservative management, the recalcitrant ones require active intervention which one should be aware of.
In Pursuit of a Synthesis of Documentary and Aesthetic Vision: An Interview with Korean Photographer Joo Myung Duck
Authors: Oh Hye-ri
Published: December 2022

This is an interview with a leading Korean photographer Joo Myung Duck (born in 1940), conducted as a part of the Korean Artist Digital Archive. Joo has had a long photographic career as a photojournalist and documentary photographer and is credited as the most eminent figure in Korean contemporary photography since the 1960s. Joo's photography encompasses documentary, landscape, and portraiture with a focus on views of the nature and cultural legacies of Korea, which epitomized his historic consciousness and aesthetic inspirations. This interview situates Joo Myung Duck within the context of contemporary Korean photography and provides an opportunity to comprehend Korean documentary photography.
The Effect of Preoperative Symptom Duration on Patient-Reported Outcomes After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in Nonmyelopathic Patients: Analyses From the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MSSIC)
Authors: Lawless Michael H. , Tong Doris , Claus Chad F. , Hanson Connor , Li Chenxi , Park Paul , Chang Victor W. , Abdulhak Muwaffak M. , Houseman Clifford M. , Bono Peter L. , Carr Daniel A. , Richards Boyd F. , Kelkar Prashant S. , Soo Teck M.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:

The effect of preoperative symptom duration (PSD) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for radiculopathy is unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether PSD is a predictor for PRO after ACDF for radiculopathy.

METHODS:

The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative registry was queried between March, 2014, and July, 2019, for patients who underwent ACDF without myelopathy and PROs (baseline, 90 days, 1 year, 2 years). PROs were measured by numerical rating scales for neck/arm pain, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form-Physical Function (PROMIS-PF), EuroQol-5D (EQ5D), and North American Spine Society satisfaction. Univariate analyses were used to evaluate the proportion of patients reaching minimal clinically important differences (MCID). PSD was <3 months, 3 month-1 year, or >1 years. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between PSD and PRO reaching MCID. The discriminative ability of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS:

We included 2233 patients who underwent ACDF with PSD <3 months (278, 12.4%), 3 month-1 year (669, 30%), and >1 years (1286, 57.6%). Univariate analyses demonstrated a greater proportion of patients achieving MCID in <3-month cohort for arm numerical rating scales, PROMIS-PF, EQ5D, and North American Spine Society Satisfaction. Multivariable analyses demonstrated using <3 months PSD as a reference, PSD >1 years was associated with decreased odds of achieving MCID for EQ5D (odds ratio 0.5, CI 0.32-0.80, P = .004). Private insurance and increased baseline PRO were associated with significantly higher odds for achieving PROMIS-PF MCID and EQ5D-MCID.

CONCLUSION:

Preoperative symptom duration greater than 1 year in patients who underwent ACDF for radiculopathy was associated with worse odds of achieving MCID for multiple PROs.
Sterol dysregulation in Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome causes astrocyte immune reactivity through microglia crosstalk
Authors: Freel Bethany A. , Kelvington Benjamin A. , Sengupta Sonali , Mukherjee Malini , Francis Kevin R.
Published: December 2022

Owing to the need for de novo cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol-enriched structures within the nervous system, cholesterol homeostasis is critical to neurodevelopment. Diseases caused by genetic disruption of cholesterol biosynthesis, such as Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome, which is caused by mutations in 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), frequently result in broad neurological deficits. Although astrocytes regulate multiple neural processes ranging from cell migration to network-level communication, immunological activation of astrocytes is a hallmark pathology in many diseases. However, the impact of DHCR7 on astrocyte function and immune activation remains unknown. We demonstrate that astrocytes from Dhcr7 mutant mice display hallmark signs of reactivity, including increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cellular hypertrophy. Transcript analyses demonstrate extensive Dhcr7 astrocyte immune activation, hyper-responsiveness to glutamate stimulation and altered calcium flux. We further determine that the impacts of Dhcr7 are not astrocyte intrinsic but result from non-cell-autonomous effects of microglia. Our data suggest that astrocyte–microglia crosstalk likely contributes to the neurological phenotypes observed in disorders of cholesterol biosynthesis. Additionally, these data further elucidate a role for cholesterol metabolism within the astrocyte–microglia immune axis, with possible implications in other neurological diseases.
Eventful Scientific Events in the Formation of the All-Russian Civic Identity of Student Youth
Authors: Ivanova Irina
Published: December 2022

Strengthening the all-Russian civic identity and unity of the multinational people of the Russian Federation is one of the main goals of the state national policy of the Russian Federation, defined in the Strategy of the State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, taking into account the changes introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2018 No. 703 At the same time, strengthening the unity of Russian society and civic identity is defined as one of the main goals of the state cultural policy of the Russian Federation (Strategy of the state cultural policy for the period up to 2030). Instruction of the President of the Russian Federation to the Government of the Russian Federation to pay special attention when developing a national program in the field of culture to the need to strengthen Russian civil identity based on the spiritual, moral and cultural values of the peoples of the Russian Federation (paragraph 12 of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2018 No. 204 « On the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024”) testifies to the social significance of the problem under consideration. The article presents a structural description of the eventful scientific event as an innovative pedagogical practice aimed at promoting the systemic formation of the all-Russian civic identity of young students, as well as the results of its implementation in the educational space of the Kaluga region.
Means of Motor Activity of Children in Projects of Health-Saving Education of Students
Authors: Ovchinnikov Yu. , Ton Ya. , Zaharova A.
Published: December 2022

It should be noted the fact that modern children of preschool period of life, despite the passion for digital technology in the imitation of adults ask parents to put them on a variety of means of motor activity, which offers a market of goods and services. To the popular means of motor activity in the preschool period of life child considered vehicles treadmill and bicycle, scooter. There is a controversial opinion that it is more useful for the child treadmill, bicycle, scooter. Parents do not know which means of motor activity to choose for the child. The authors give recommendations on the choice of a treadmill for a child to be safe and help strengthen the muscles of the back and legs, help activate the child's movements, identify motor abilities, strengthen the body links. The basis for the scientific and pedagogical research were practical lessons on the educational subject «Biomechanics of motor activity», educational and training process, sports activities with children of the children's sports club «Rider School», which has the material and technical base and vehicles for children.

The study draws attention to the ergonomic factors of two types of cross-country vehicles: recreational and professional sports (pro). The interrelation of practice-oriented and health-saving education with the participation of university students of sport profile is shown. Using the method of project technologies students develop the scientific and methodological direction «biomechanics in project technologies» showing the acquired knowledge and skills in biomechanics in applied research, socialization of education takes place: the obtained results are implemented in practical, pedagogical, sporting activities. The process of socialization allows to develop various multi-component directions and make the University socially oriented: simultaneously with studies students participate in competitions, work as coaches and assistants, volunteers, work in the referee team, thereby showing teaching and professional competencies. Health-saving education becomes a pedagogical and social task for the University and the social dominant of social development.
Kultura oddolna w średnim mieście.
Authors: Marcinkowska Justyna
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie roli działaczy oddolnych organizujących życie kulturalne na zdegradowanych terenach pozametropolitarnych. Przyglądając się aktywistom z perspektywy uczestniczki/aktywistki/antropolożki, będę starać się wychwycić, jak osoby organizujące wydarzenia kulturalne, mogą wpływać na wytwarzanie, adaptację i rearanżację lokalnych i ponadlokalnych wzorów kultury poprzez nieoczywiste centro-peryferyjne związki, w które są uwikłani. Zapraszam na etnograficzną przechadzkę po jednym z byłych miast wojewódzkich.
Representativeness and cultural variation of ethnic groups from the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Murdock’s Ethnographic Atlas
Authors: Miśta Rafał
Published: December 2022

George Murdock's Ethnographic Atlas is one of the largest and most popular ethnographic databases in the world. It takes the form of a table containing systematically coded cultural characteristics for nearly 1,300 societies from around the world, and its structured form is particularly suited to cross-cultural quantitative research. One issue often raised in the context of using the Ethnographic Atlas is the underrepresentation of European ethnic groups.  The aim of this paper is to examine how the database represents the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: what are its deficiencies and what are the potential opportunities for its improvement in terms of representativeness and cultural diversity. For this purpose, a descriptive-statistical analysis of representativeness, cultural variation, and cultural similarities and differences between ethnic groups from the territory of the Commonwealth was conducted. The purpose of this paper is to help ethnographers decide what data in the Ethnographic Atlas can be added to or improved in a way that is effective in terms of the character and application of the dataset.
Preventing and Responding to Violence against Children and Adolescents in Institutions Run by the Catholic Church: The Procedures for Documenting Prevention Strategies
Authors: Seredyńska Anna
Published: December 2022

Preventing and responding to sexual violence against children and adolescents is a crucial task of the contemporary Church. The article first outlines the historical foundations of prevention measures taken by the Catholic Church in Poland. This section is followed by the conclusions of the audit of the documents drafted in dioceses and provinces of religious orders in Poland. The last section summarizes the conclusions from two meetings of the persons responsible for prevention in Catholic dioceses and religious orders in Poland. These meetings were held in Częstochowa and Gniezno, and their participants discussed the results of the audit of the prevention documents and the reception of this audit.
The method used in the study was analysis: the analysis of relevant documents (the article presents the conclusions of this analysis) and the analysis of the conclusions formulated during the meetings of those in charge of prevention. These conclusions will be used in the development of further prevention strategies for the protection of children and adolescents in Poland. They will also be the basis for planning preventive actions by individual dioceses and orders such as planning both training classes and workshops for employees, volunteers as well as children, adolescents and parents. They will allow planning methods of monitoring and supervising the work of educators.
Konceptualizm Richarda Burthogge’a i jego źródła w średniowiecznej optyce perspektywistycznej
Authors: Żukowski Bartosz
Published: December 2022

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie historycznych uwarunkowań konceptualistycznego argumentu na rzecz idealizmu epistemologicznego, sformułowanego przez siedemnastowiecznego filozofa angielskiego Richarda Burthogge’a. Istotą tego argumentu, niemającego precedensu we wcześniejszej filozofii, jest próba dowiedzenia tezy o immanentnej nieadekwatności ludzkiego poznania na podstawie dysproporcji pomiędzy ogólnością pojęcia a jednostkowością rzeczy pozaumysłowych. Jednocześnie, relację między powszechnikiem a konkretem uznaje Burthogge za analogiczną do relacji między obrazem wizualnym a rzeczą. Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że decydujący wpływ na koncepcję poznania wzrokowego, która dostarczyła podłoża dla tej analogii, a co za tym idzie dla argumentu konceptualistycznego, wywarła średniowieczna optyka perspektywistyczna.
Chronic effects of school physical activity on cognitive performance in youngs: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Silva Fernando William Flores , Martins Ricardo , Costa Rochelle Rocha , Cristi-Montero Carlos , Mello Júlio Brugnara
Published: December 2022

Recent systematic reviews point out the positive acute effects of physical activity on executive functions in children and adolescents, but the chronic effects in this age group are still uncertain. This study aims to describe a systematic review with meta-analysis protocol to elucidate the chronic effects of physical activity at school on the executive functions and attention of children and adolescents, considering the effect moderators and examining different interventions in the school environment. A systematic search will be carried out for studies published in the PUBMED, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that meet the following predefined criteria (PICOS criteria) will be included: 1) studies conducted with healthy children and adolescents (6-18 years-old), 2) studies with physical activity interventions in school, 3) studies conducted with a control group, and 4) studies with cognitive flexibility, working memory, inhibitory control and attention outcomes. Target outcomes will be extracted as pre-and post-test values. Intervention time, frequencies, intensity, volume, session time, and intervention type will be extracted for meta regression analysis. For methodological quality will be using the tool for the assessment of study quality and reporting in exercise training studies. Pooled effect estimates will be calculated from the scores of changes between baseline and end of interventions. The effect size will be expressed as Cohens’ and presented as standardized mean differences and calculations will be performed using random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated by Cochran’s Q statistic and the I² inconsistency test. The meta-analyses will be performed using OpenMeta[Analyst].
Optimizing the Expected Maximum of Two Linear Functions Defined on a Multivariate Gaussian Distribution
Authors: Bergman David , Cardonha Carlos , Imbrogno Jason , Lozano Leonardo
Published: December 2022

We study stochastic optimization problems with objective function given by the expectation of the maximum of two linear functions defined on the component random variables of a multivariate Gaussian distribution. We consider random variables that are arbitrarily correlated, and we show that the problem is NP-hard even if the space of feasible solutions is unconstrained. We exploit a closed-form expression for the objective function from the literature to construct a cutting-plane algorithm for a highly nonlinear function, which includes the evaluation of the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of a standard normal random variable with decision variables as part of the arguments. To exhibit the model’s applicability, we consider two featured applications. The first is daily fantasy sports, where the algorithm identifies entries with positive returns during the 2018–2019 National Football League season. The second is a special case of makespan minimization for two parallel machines and jobs with uncertain processing times; for the special case where the jobs are uncorrelated, we prove the equivalence between its deterministic and stochastic versions and show that our algorithm can deliver a constant-factor approximation guarantee for the problem. The results of our computational evaluation involving synthetic and real-world data suggest that our discretization and upper bounding techniques lead to significant computational improvements and that the proposed algorithm outperforms suboptimal solutions approaches.

History: Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms–Discrete.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1259 .
Climate Change Concerns and the Performance of Green vs. Brown Stocks
Authors: Ardia David , Bluteau Keven , Boudt Kris , Inghelbrecht Koen
Published: December 2022

We empirically test the prediction of Pástor et al. (2021) that green firms outperform brown firms when concerns about climate change increase unexpectedly, using data for S&P 500 companies from January 2010 to June 2018. To capture unexpected increases in climate change concerns, we construct a daily Media Climate Change Concerns index using news about climate change published by major U.S. newspapers and newswires. We find that on days with an unexpected increase in climate change concerns, the green firms’ stock prices tend to increase, whereas brown firms’ prices decrease. Furthermore, using topic modeling, we conclude that this effect holds for concerns about both transition and physical climate change risk. Finally, we decompose returns into cash flow and discount rate news components and find that an unexpected increase in climate change concerns is associated with an increase (decrease) in the discount rate of brown (green) firms.

This paper was accepted by George Serafeim, Special Section of Management Science on Business and Climate Change.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Bank of Belgium, Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Institut de Valorisation des Données (IVADO), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grant RGPIN-2022-03767], and Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung [Grants 179281, 191730].

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4636 .
To the knowledge of the genus Parameira Seidlitz, 1868 (Сoleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)
Authors: DAVIDIAN GENRIK E. , GÜLTEKİN LEVENT
Published: December 2022

New data about morphology, taxonomy and ecology of the genus Parameira Seidlitz, 1868 are given. The revised combination Parameira imparisetosa (Smreczyński, 1977), species transferred from Otiorhynchus, is proposed. Colour illustrations of important morphological characters are presented.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Heat-Killed Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Kimchi by Heat Treatment Condition
Authors: Lee Eun-Su , You Cheong-Bin , Lee Min-Kyeong , Hwang Un-Sik , Park Hoon
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effects of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produced under different temperature conditions. Regarding probiotic properties, Limosilactobacillus fermentum SMF743 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SMF796 isolated from kimchi showed strong acid and bile salt resistance, adhesion activity onto HT-29 cells, and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Based on the results of thermal death time and temperature, heat-killed LAB cells (1 mg/mL) were prepared by heating at 70°C (180 min), 80°C (120 min), 100°C (30 min), and 121°C (15 min). The heat-killed SMF743 and SMF796 showed significantly higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities than live cells (p<0.05). The heat-killed SMF743 and SMF796 at 70°C or 121°C revealed stronger DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and inhibition of nitric oxide production than those at 80°C or 100°C. Furthermore, heat-killed SMF743 and SMF796 at 121°C significantly reduced the gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-a, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase- 2 up to 53.33%, 58.67%, and 83.67%, respectively, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells (p<0.05). These results suggest that heat-killed L. fermentum SMF743 and L. plantarum SMF796 can be used as natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.
A New Method for Twisted Wire Crosstalk Estimation Based on GA-BP Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Wu , Wu Yongji , Ding Jiafei , Zhao Yang , He Mingyuan
Published: December 2022

Based on the research of genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the BP neural network algorithm, this paper proposes a method for predicting twisted wire crosstalk based on the algorithm. Firstly, the equivalent circuit model of a multi-conductor transmission line is established, combined with the method of similarity transformation, the second-order differential transmission line equations are decoupled into n groups of independent two-conductor transmission line equations, and the crosstalk is finally solved. Then the mathematical model of the twisted wire is established and its structural characteristics are analyzed, and the GA-BP neural network algorithm is used to realize the mapping of the electromagnetic parameter matrix of the twisted wire and the position of the twisted wire. Finally, the mapping relationship is substituted into the transmission line equation, and the near-end crosstalk (NEXT) and the far-end crosstalk (FEXT) of an example three-core twisted wire are predicted based on the idea of cascade combined. By comparing with the transmission line matrix method (TLM), it can be seen that the method proposed in this paper is in good agreement with the crosstalk results obtained by the electromagnetic field numerical method, which verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper.
A Robust Algorithm for DOA Estimation of Coherent Sources with UCA
Authors: Tian Ye , Huang Yonghui , Zhang Xiaoxu , Lin Meiyan
Published: December 2022

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of coherent sources with a uniform circular array (UCA) is an intractable problem. The method-of-direction-estimation (MODE) algorithm has strong superiority in handling coherent sources compared with the classical MUSIC, and ESPRIT algorithms. However, MODE is sensitive to source numbers and does not work well in the UCA scenario. In order to improve the performance of MODE, a robust DOA estimation method named UCA-PUMA (principal-eigenvector-utilization-for-modal-analysis) is proposed. The complicated non-Vandermonde structured steering vector of UCA is transformed into a virtual Vandermonde structured steering vector in mode space. The proposed method gives a closed-form solution compared with the original UCA-MODE algorithm. The performance of the UCA-PUMA method is evaluated by simulations. Simulation results demonstrate that the UCA-PUMA is more robust to source numbers than the UCA-MODE, and coherent sources can be handled without spatial smoothing. In addition, the UCA-PUMA fully takes advantage of the UCA, which is able to discriminate sources coming from a 360o azimuthal field of view.
Stacked Metamaterial Patch Antenna Made of Low Permittivity Dielectrics
Authors: Zhang Bei , Xu Xiaofei , Deng Xiao , Wang Yefang , Wei Juzheng
Published: December 2022

A new concept of “meta-lo” architecture is contributed to build compact and broadband stacked metamaterial patch antennas (SMPAs). The new antennas are featured with planar mushroom metamaterials that are all made of low permittivity dielectrics. These metamaterials work as good alternatives to conventional high permittivity dielectrics, enabling the new antenna to resonate at a much lower frequency. To examine the antenna performances, one SMPA is experimentally demonstrated. The new antenna is observed to have a broad bandwidth of 27% in a volume of 0.26λ×0.26λ×0.107λ. The average antenna gain is 7.1 dBi in the operating bandwidth. The compact and broadband SMPA inspired by the meta-lo architecture is promising to be used in the high-speed mobile communications.
For the Love of Islam: US Foreign Policy, Islamophilia, and the Islam Centennial 14
Authors: Foody Kathleen M.
Published: December 2022

This article explores the historical and lingering effects of US government involvement in defining Islam as public and foreign policy. It focuses on the Islam Centennial 14, a US program to celebrate the fourteenth centennial of Islam – and manage the US’s global image – which was active in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Islam Centennial 14 organized a nationally touring museum exhibit, distributed information on Islam to partners and public schools, produced a newsletter, documentaries, and speaker series on Islam. It also culminated in one of the first academic centers in the US devoted to the study of Islam. The Islam Centennial 14’s activities provided a counter-narrative to rising Islamophobia and anti-Arab sentiment, while the discourses that swirled around them – including their own press reports, outside conspiracy theories, and academic analyses – foreshadowed more contemporary xenophobic politics. This article presents the Islam Centennial 14 specifically as a case study through which to consider the workings and ramifications of American Islamophilia. It examines how such celebrations of Islam as part and parcel of international and national governance reinscribe both racialized representations of Islam and, however inadvertently, anti-Muslim sentiments. It argues that Islamophilia is an undertheorized corollary to more explicit anti-Muslim positions, and one whose deployment and effects more than merit sustained attention.
Multiple-input hybrid plasmonic OR logic gate with a nanostructure
Authors: Abdulwahid Saif H. , Wadday Ahmed Ghanim , Abdulsatar Sinan M.
Published: December 2022

A multiple-input hybrid plasmonic OR logic gate has been constructed, analyzed, and simulated utilizing the finite element method by using the COMSOL software package version 5.5. To realize the suggested three- and four-input hybrid plasmonic OR gate, constructive and destructive interference has been standard among the input ports and control port. The factors used to evaluate the functionality of the nanoscale gate are the contrast ratio, modulation depth (MD), and insertion losses (ILs). In contrast, the optical power ratio at the output port, known as the transmission value (

T

value), has been measured and used to distinguish between logic 1 (ON-state) and logic 0 (OFF-state). The transmission threshold value in this article was 25%, and the wavelength range considered to display the result was from 1000 to 2000 nm. The three-input hybrid OR gate occupied a size of

500

n
m

×

400

n
m

with transmission amplification results from the best

T

value of 216.5 % with 98.85% as a MD. In comparison, the four-input OR gate comes with a size of

600

n
m

×

400

n
m

at the best

T

value of 301.5%, supported by a 99.33% as the MD. The IL values for the three-input and four-input designs are

−

4.07

and

−

5.4

d
B

, respectively. The system resonance wavelength is 1310 nm.
Controlling light emission by a thermalized ensemble of colloidal quantum dots with a metasurface
Authors: Monin Hector , Loirette-Pelous Aurelian , De Leo Eva , Rossinelli Aurelio A. , Prins Ferry , Norris David J. , Bailly Elise , Hugonin Jean-Paul , Vest Benjamin , Greffet Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2022

We report an experimental and theoretical study of light emission by a patterned ensemble of colloidal quantum dots (cQDs). This system modifies drastically the emission spectrum and polarization as compared to a planar layer of cQDs. It exhibits bright, directional and polarized emission including a degree of circular polarization in some directions. We introduce a model of light emission based on a local Kirchhoff law which reproduces accurately all the features of the experiment. The model provides a figure of merit to assess quantitatively the emitted power. This work paves the way to the systematic design of efficient ultrathin light emitting metasurfaces with controlled polarization, spectrum and directivity.
Study of structural effects on the polarization characteristics of subwavelength metallic gratings in short infrared wavelengths
Authors: Tian Shuoqiu , Liu Tao , Pan Xiaohang , Mu Chengyang , Yuan Wentao , Chen Yifang
Published: December 2022

Applications of subwavelength grating based-polarizers for polarimetric detections are being hindered due to the limited extinction ratio. In this work, the structural effect, including the line edge roughness (LER), of the gratings on the polarizing characteristics was studied by both numerical simulations using finite difference and time domain (FDTD) method and experiments, aiming to figure out the optimal grating profile for achieving high transmittance as well as high extinction ratio. Two different configurations of the gratings, one is dual layer Au lines and the other is parabolic shaped Al lines on structured spin-on-carbon (SOC) films were systematically studied and compared. Nanofabrication of the gratings by electron beam lithography without lift-off process were conducted and optical measurements of their polarization properties demonstrate superior performance of the developed polarizers. The origin of the structural effect was explained by the local surface plasmonic modes, existing in the nano-slits in metallic gratings, which is instructive for further enhancement of the polarization performance.
High-flexibility and high-accuracy phase delay calibration method for MEMS-based fringe projection systems
Authors: Qu Jiasheng , Gao Hongxin , Zhang Ruihao , Cao Yingchao , Zhou Wenbiao , Xie Huikai
Published: December 2022

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror based laser beam scanning (LBS) projectors for fringe projection profilometry (FPP) are becoming increasingly popular attributing to their small size and low cost. However, the initial phase of the scanning MEMS mirror employed in an LBS projector may vary over time, resulting in unstable and distorted fringe patterns. The distorted fringe patterns will largely decrease the accuracy of the three-dimensional (3D) topographic reconstruction. In this paper, an efficient phase delay calibration method based on a unique fringe projection sequence and a corresponding image processing algorithm is proposed. The proposed method can compensate the phase uncertainty and variation with no need to add any extra components. One LBS projector has been constructed using a uniaxial electrostatic MEMS mirror that has a mirror size of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm and a scanning field of view of 60

∘

at its resonance of 1523 Hz. 3D reconstruction experiments are conducted to study how the 3D reconstruction results are affected by the phase delay. The standard deviation of a sphere reconstruction is improved from 2.05 mm to 0.20 mm after the positive phase delay deviation of 5

μ

s is compensated using this new calibration method.
Return to work after COVID-19: Experiences and expectations from the first wave of COVID-19 in Stockholm
Authors: Asaba Eric , Farias Lisette , Åkesson Elisabet
Published: December 2022

Background

In Stockholm (Sweden) a substantial number of persons who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during spring 2020, and received intensive care followed by rehabilitation due to COVID-19, were of working age. For this group, return to work (RTW) is an important part of the rehabilitation, however this is an area that thus far has received little scholarly attention. The Aim of this study was two-fold. First, to descriptively look at self-reported work ability over time using the Work Abilty Index among working age adults who recovered from severe COVID-19, and secondly, to explore experiences and expectations concerning RTW among working age adults who recovered from severe COVID-19.

Methods

Focus group interviews and qualitative thematic analyses were utilized. In addition, the study populations’ self-reported work ability index was recorded over one year.

Findings

Qualitative analysis of data resulted in 5 themes: a) Initial experiences after discharge from in-patient rehabilitation, b) Disparate first contact with work, c) Uncertainties about own role in RTW process, d) Working situation for those who had started getting back to work, and e) A need to reprioritize expectations for work in the context of everyday life. There were no statistical differences in work ability index scores between 18 and 52 weeks after discharge from an in-patient rehabilitation unit.

Conclusion

RTW after COVID-19 can require systematic support for several months as well as be initiated earlier in the rehabilitation process. Further research in the area is needed.
Trust and distrust in interorganisational relations—Scale development
Authors: Lewicka Dagmara , Zakrzewska-Bielawska Agnieszka Freda
Published: December 2022

Trust and distrust are considered as crucial elements in the management of hybrid interorganisational relationships with a view to helping to deal with their uncertainty and unpredictability. In this regard this paper seeks to conceptualize and clarify the interorganisational element of organizational trust and distrust and develop scales on which to measure it. The dimensions of the constructs have been tested on a sample of 400 respondents owners or top management on a representative sample by employment size. The research also attempts to identify the relationship between trust and distrust in inter-organisational relations. As a result of the research approach adopted, a one-dimensional scale for examining inter-organisational trust has been developed, as well as a two-dimensional scale for examining distrust in inter-organisational relations. The measurement scales developed and their validation conducted in this study represent a step forward towards the effective and reliable measurement of interorganisational trust and distrust. This is one of the few attempts at empirical verification of these constructs and the relationship between them, providing a comprehensive, operationally valid measure of interorganisational trust and distrust.
Repeatability of choriocapillaris flow voids by optical coherence tomography angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Fernández-Vigo José Ignacio , Moreno-Morillo Francisco Javier , López-Varela Emilio , Novo-Bujan Jorge , Ortega-Hortas Marcos , Burgos-Blasco Bárbara , López-Guajardo Lorenzo , Donate-López Juan
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To assess the repeatability of flow signal voids (FSV) measurements of the choriocapillaris (CC) and choroid (CH) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) by Swept-Source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods

Cross-sectional study including 104 eyes of 52 patients with unilateral CSCR. Two consecutive macular 6x6 mm SS-OCTA scans (Plex Elite 9000; Zeiss, Dublin, CA) were obtained from the affected eyes with persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) (CSCR group) and the fellow unaffected eyes (control group). FSV area and the number of contours measurements were analyzed using three slabs: inner CC, outer CC and CH. The repeatability of the measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients of variation (CV).

Results

In the CSCR group, ICCs for the FSV area in the three slabs were all ≥0.859, observing higher values for the outer CC and the CH (0.959 and 0.964) than for the inner CC (0.859). Similar ICC values were obtained for the FSV area in control eyes, observing the highest values for the outer CC (0.949), followed by the CH (0.932) and inner CC (0.844). Regarding the FSV number of contours measurements, ICCs were higher for the outer CC and CH (0.949 and 0.932) than for inner CC (0.844). CV for the FSV area was 4.7%, 3.8% and 8.6% in the CSCR eyes and 4.8%, 3.9% and 9.3% in the control group for the inner CC, outer CC and CH respectively.

Conclusion

SS-OCTA offers good repeatability to quantify macular FSV in CSCR eyes and fellow eyes