bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Orientation of the Altered Rock Type Gold Deposits in Southeastern Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Ma Si Gen , He Ming Qin , Tang Yun Zheng , Wang Zhen Hua
Published: August 2011

The altered rock type gold deposit is the one type gold deposits which can form super-large gold deposit. The super-large altered rock type gold deposit has its specialties among the forming time, forming generation, ore-hosted strata, wall rock alteration, area and structure. The southeast Guizhou Province has wonderful minerogenetic conditions. The area has the similar minerogenetic geological setting as many large, super-large altered rock type gold deposits. The characteristics of the altered rock type gold deposits that are distributed in this area have many similarities with other large, super-large altered rock gold deposits. It indicates that the deep of the southeast of Guizhou Province altered rock type gold metallogenic belt has great prospecting potentiality for looking for such type gold deposits from ore-hosted strata, ore-control structure, mineral paragenesis and ore-forming temperature etc.
Research of Rock Mass Unloading Constitutive Model and its Engineering Application
Authors: Wang Rui Hong , Jiang Yu Zhou , Zhu Min , Wang Yu
Published: August 2011

Based on the results of triaxial unloading tests，the stress-strain characteristics and failure characteristics of rock mass have been discussed. Considering unloading degree as an important parameter，an elastic-brittle-plastic mechanical model has been established according to the unloading stress condition，which considers that unloading yield function varies linearly between Griffith with Hoek-Brown criterion after rock mass receives plastic deformation caused by unloading. Taking jinshajiang excavation slope of a hydropower station as engineering background, the three-dimensional continua fast Lagrangian analysis software FLAC3D is employed in the slope stability analysis under the excavation, and the distribution characteristics of the slop deformation is studied.
The Research on the Impact of the Variability of Sluice Gateon the Discharge Capacity
Authors: Zhu Chao , Zhang Cong Jiao , Wu Cai Ping , Li Yuan Fa
Published: August 2011

In the drastic change rate movable-bed model test, it has been concerned about how to ensure similar discharge of the flood diversion gate. Six models with variable rates 1, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 13.3 separately have been chosen to compare their different discharges and to analyze the impact of the change rate on the discharge capacity. The results showed that: when their water heads were same, There were no obvious rules between the flow coefficients of the five distorted models and the variation rates, but when compared to the flow coefficient of the normal model, the former were on the higher side; when their water heads were different, the distorted models’ flow rate increased with the variation rate, and when the rate of change came to 5, the flow increasing value tended to stable and close to 20%.
Model Test Study on Insulator of Cold-Region Tunnel in Northeast China: A Case Study of Gaoling Tunnel
Authors: Lai Jin Xing , Gong Cheng Bing , Wang Yan Song
Published: August 2011

Based on similarity theory, the systemic analysis for the distribution characteristics of tunnel temperature field in two different working conditions of having no thermal insulation and installing PU as insulator is progressed by using manufactured model test platform in order to realize the tunnel temperature field rule in cold regions with or without thermal insulation and the influence of thermal insulation layout pattern on insulating effect. The results show that the temperature variation conforms to the “tunnel freeze-thaw circle” theory without thermal insulation, and the surrounding rock maintains negative temperature all the time in the low temperature environment; the internal temperature field of surrounding rock plays a decisive role on the surface temperature of surrounding rock, which keeps above 0°C after the layout of thermal insulation with appropriate material and thickness.
Performance Analysis on Improvement of the Heat Insulation of Grain Storehouse
Authors: Wang Wei , Ma Jing
Published: August 2011

There is about 80 percent heat passing from roof into storehouse. A contrastive test is carried through on improvement of the heat insulation of grain storehouse’s roof, adopting aluminum foil with large reflection coefficient and low radiant coefficient and hard-forth urethane with low heat transfer coefficient. The result indicates both of the two materials have a better effect, especially combination with them. It can not only decrease 4～5°C in storehouses and 3～4°C in grains at the highest temperature, but also delay aging of grain. However the aluminum foil will crack in more than two years. It shows superiority both in effect and natural life, according to the test which is conducted using sun proof paint as substitute for aluminum foil. The conclusion is that it is a preferable technical measure of improvement of the heat insulation to sprinkle paint of heat insulation and sun proof and forth urethane on roof of storehouses built.
Experimental Study on the Continuous Type Three-Dimensional Control of the Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Xu Jia Yun , Chen Ji , Qu Xian Wei , Gong Wen Kai
Published: August 2011

This paper takes a Chinese Changjiang River highway bridge as engineering background, and a kind of continuous three-dimensional (vertical, lateral and torsion)controllers which can apply in the large span cable-stayed bridge is presented. The controllers can control vertical, lateral and torsional response of bridge wind-induced vibration at the same time. Through comparative wind tunnel test of the bridge model with and without controllers, some important conclusions are made as follows: when the continuous three-dimensional controllers are installed on the bridge model, its flutter critical wind speed increases significantly (mostly increases 33.36%); Meanwhile, there is a certain degree of reduction in its RMS values of vertical, lateral and torsional angular displacement response.
Review on Phase Change Materials for Building Applications
Authors: Cui Yan Qi , Riffat Saffa
Published: August 2011

Buildings are large consumers of energy in all countries. According to the statistic, more than 40% of final energy is used in buildings. A reduction of the energy consumed in buildings is, for that reason, one of the priorities of the world. To achieve this goal it is necessary to reduce the heat loss by the selection of the building thermal insulation materials. Phase change materials could absorb or release a large amount of heat before melting or solidifying. And this unique property could help PCM in building applications to maintain the thermal comfort without using mechanical heating and air-conditioning. The paper is focus on a review of different types of phase change material for building applications. And it provides more information in this aspect.
Study on Carbon Sink in Wood Protection
Authors: Yu Wen Long , Xu Min
Published: August 2011

By discussing the significance, carbon storage and development trend of wood protection, changes and influencing factors of carbon sink reserves in wood protection are analyzed in the article. Meanwhile, the author puts forward some issues on carbon sink, such as modifying wood function by wood preservation technology and fire retardant method, expanding the application fields, and slowing down carbon release. For the lack of research on carbon sink reserve and carbon storage function in wood protection, wood recycling is presented as a technical route, from which shows the relation between carbon storage and wood protection.
Experimental Study on Linkage Behaviors of Built-In Insulation RCCW Subjected to Wind-Load
Authors: Li Feng Lan , Zhao Shan , Yang Su , Liu Li Xin , Song Chen Xiao
Published: August 2011

The behaviors of linkage of built-in insulation reinforced concrete composite wall subjected to wind load were experimental studied in this paper. Three specimens modeling practical RCCW were cast and tested under static and repeated loads. The relative displacement between inside structural reinforced concrete wall and external concrete cover, the strains of steel tube walls were measured. The results show that specimens damaged with cracks at interface between external concrete cover and thermal insulation layer when load was up to 11.3 times of design value, the maximum stress of steel tube walls reached 25.3 % design strength, the safety factor is 1.67 when concrete cracked at steel tube. Therefore, the linkages are reliable to bear wind load on external concrete cover.
Experimental Study of Notoginseng Drying Based on a Solar Air Heating System
Authors: Hu Fen E , Wang Zhi Juan
Published: August 2011

A solar air drying system including solar air collector, drying cabinet and air blower for notoginseng drying has been constructed and tested. Two identical air solar collectors with two air channels, V-groove absorption heat plates and a single glass cover have been employed. The results of test show that the solar air collectors can obtain a good thermal performance in winter season. When the air flow mass rate is fixed at 0.0597kg·s-1, the maximum values of thermal efficiency and outlet air temperature are 76.0% and 62.2°C, respectively. The experimental analysis between two sampling notoginseng drying suggests that the solar drying is very effective, and the drying time has been shorten to about 440 minutes from 990 minutes of the traditional drying by sun. It is also observed that using the solar drying system notoginseng has a higher quality than traditional drying method.
Kinetic Studies of Adsorption of Chrome Blue-Black by Modified Peanut Husk
Authors: Song Ying Hua , Gao Yuan , Ye Mei
Published: August 2011

Modified peanut husk was used as an adsorbent to remove chrome blue-black from its aqueous solution. Results of kinetic experiments demonstrated that the adsorption was effective and rapid.Three different kinetic models (i.e.,intraparticular diffusion model, Lagergren-first-order and second-order equations) were used to describe the adsorption mechanisms. The adsorption of chrome blue-black on modified peanut husk was not controlled by intraparticular diffusion. The kinetic adsorption data can be well simulated by the second-order equation and the adsorption might be rate-limiting controlled. The suitability of the adsorbent was tested by fitting the equilibrium data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which gave good fits with both isotherms.
Effect of Refrigerant Charge and Inlet Air Temperature on One A/C System
Authors: Pan Cheng Jun , Tang Yi Da
Published: August 2011

This study describes the results on the performance of one vehicle air conditioning system. The coefficient of performance, evaporator cooling capacity, compressor power consumption, total mass flow rate, vapor mass flow rate, liquid mass flow rate and oil in circulation, pressures and temperatures of refrigerant at every component (inlets and outlets) are measured and analyzed with the variation of the outside temperatures at the evaporator and condenser, the speed of the compressor, refrigerant charge and oil charge. The systematical experimental results obtained from this real-size test system depict the relations between the above parameters in a vehicle air conditioning system, which constitute a useful source for vehicle air conditioning systems design and analysis. The vapor quality (two-phase flow) measurements realized in this work provide an extremely important tool for diagnosing the system performances.
The Protection and Utilization of Traditional Dwelling House in Shandong Jinan Hibiscus Street
Authors: Liang Ming , Zhu Xiao Lin , Yin Jing
Published: August 2011

If " Four faces surrounded by lotuses and three by willows, mountain scenery as the whole city and half covered by lake." is the wonderful portraiture of the Spring city Jinan, then "Every family has springs and willow " is the real description of Hibiscus Street and its surrounding houses. Hibiscus Street is located in the heart of the old city, the residential architecture has been preserved relatively intact. Though Hibiscus Street located in the north, it has characteristics of the southern residential, that is why it has important research values.
Preparation of High Activity Ni-B Amorphous Alloy Catalysts by Chemical Reduction Nickel Ethylenediamine Complex under Ultrasonic
Authors: Yang Cui Hua , Guo Jie , Hou Yong Jiang , Li Wei , He Huan Qin , Cheng Jun Jie , Cai Yu Xi , Hao Yan Long
Published: August 2011

The Ni-B amorphous alloy catalyst with uniform particle was prepared by chemical reduction the nickel ethylenediamine complex over ultrasonic-assisted. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, TEM and H2-TPD techniques, and then evaluated activity by hydrogenation of glucose. Compared with the conventional Ni-B catalyst, the as-prepared Ni-B catalyst exhibited much higher catalytic activity. The results could be attributed to the higher dispersion, the stronger adsorption of hydrogen and the less aggregation of Ni active sites, which mostly result from the formation of the nickel complex and the effect of ultrasonic cavitation.
An Intelligent Disease Diagnosis System by Fuzzy Similarity Distance
Authors: Tan Wen Xue , Pan Mei Sen , Xu Xiao Rong
Published: August 2011

The progress of Artificial intelligence and Information technology has been driving research of intelligent diagnosing, and the efficiency of diagnosis is improved by disease diagnosing system .In this paper, we analyze the comparability and relativity between fuzzy similarity distance and disease diagnosis, and initiate the theoretical model of fuzzy-distance on the basis of fuzzy membership factors vectors, and some corresponding data structure. In addition, the inference algorithm and the hierarchy of system are brought forward. Experimentation statistics demonstrate that the novel diagnosis system could obtain a satisfying accuracy rate of diagnosis, and low a rate of misdiagnosis effectively.
Review and Tendency on Development for Tidal Power Station
Authors: Li Ji Qing , Mei Yan Yan , Zhou Xiao Wei , Zheng Jiang Tao
Published: August 2011

Based on the historic and current status of the development of tidal power station, the developments of tidal power station is reviewed in this paper, including unit selection, hydropower calculations, station construction and integrated management. Thus, operating Principle, various technical problems and improving technologies of tidal power station management are systematically analyzed. Then, combined with the latest advances of current research of tidal power, the tendency and further research on operation management of tidal power station is presented in the end.
Effect of Co-Combustion Coal and Biomass Pellet on Performances in Chain Boiler
Authors: Liu Yong , Wang Lian Yong , Du Tao
Published: August 2011

Experiment of co-combustion of coal and biomass pellet on a 7 MW chain stoker boiler was carried out and the performance of the chain boiler was tested under 5 mixing ratios of biomass pellet to coal, 0%, 10%, 25%, 20% and 30%. The results of experiment showed when mixing ratio of biomass pellet was different, the boiler could work safely and stably, the boiler’s fuel consumption reduced and sulfur dioxide emissions of the boiler decreased significantly. When the biomass pellet mixed, the coal was easier to burn out, the carbon in ash residue of coal boiler and heat loss from solid incomplete combustion also decreased, enhanced the overall operating efficiency of the boiler.
Productivity Differences and CO2 Emission Constraints - An Empirical Analysis of Regions in China
Authors: Zhou Fang , Shi Lei , Ma Zhong , Chen Bing Yu
Published: August 2011

Appling Malmquist index method to calculate total factor productivity (TFP) with a sample of 29 provinces in China from 1995 to 2008, based on following two scenarios: taking CO2emissions as an undesirable output or not. The efficiency of this process is calculated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) formulations, related to GDP and CO2as outputs, capital and labor as inputs. Comparing the results of the two scenarios, we analyze the differences of TFP, its determinants and growth mode among the 29 provinces. Results show that: significant regional differences in TFP exist, and under the two scenarios, the eastern China has the highest TFP, followed by middle China and western China. Moreover, the slow-down of the TFP growth in scenario 2 is mainly because that the technology progress is discounted by the environmental factors. Especially, the growth method of western China illustrates “environmental-extensive”. As a result, China’s governments must take into full consideration regional differences of TFP and carbon reduction potentials, so as to realize low-cost or no incremental cost reduction.
Effect of Soil Moisture Conserving Irrigation under Straw Mulching on Soil and Crop
Authors: He Jun Qi , Yuan Xue Feng , Wang You Ke
Published: August 2011

Currently, the agricultural water shortage in China has become more and more serious. It is of great importance for scientists and engineers to figure out the ways to utilize the limited water resources efficiently for irrigation. This paper proposes a new irrigation concept which combines advanced soil moisture conserving techniques available in the semi-arid and arid regions of China with the design of water-saving irrigation systems. To show the effectiveness of the new concept, straw mulching used widely in China, a soil moisture conserving technique, was tested in irrigation systems. The experimental results show the way soil moisture, soil microorganism, soil temperature, ecological and physiological indices and maize productivity were affected by straw mulching under irrigation and the improved performance indices with the combination of soil moisture conserving techniques with irrigation systems, which contributed to a higher water use efficiency. It is believed that the combination of soil moisture conserving techniques with irrigation systems will be a new trial for the water-saving irrigation of China, particularly for the semi-arid and arid areas.
The Application of Magnesite Processing Technics
Authors: Wang Qian Qian , Li Xiao An , Wei De Zhou , Dai Shu Juan
Published: August 2011

As one of the important refractory raw materials, the impurities of magnesite raw material had been strictly required. Magnesite processing methods can be divided into three categories, Physical beneficiation, chemical beneficiation and bacteriological beneficiation. And the flotation method is currently widely used in magnesite ore processing, but it also exists some problems.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Fischer-Tropsch Fuels from Biomass
Authors: Liu Bing Jun , Zhou Jin Song , Chen Qing
Published: August 2011

As a clean renewable energy, biomass energy is now gradually being used in electric power, chemicals, heating and other related industries with great potential, and further research is also ongoing in depth. At the same time, because the demand of the construction of environment-friendly society, feed gas from biomass gasification for Fischer-Tropsch fuel synthesis in this way also has gained more and more attention. For the selection of ideal way to obtain synthetic fuels with relatively high system efficiency from biomass, this paper simulation for a variety of processes and different gasification conditions based on Gibbs free energy minimization method. The impacts of pre-treatment of biomass, temperature of gasification and pressure are analyzed. In the evaluation of energy efficiency of the system, an exergy analysis of biomass integrated process is presented. All parts of the process were calculated and compared, which mainly includes the gasification, pre-treatment, HRSG, compression, purification, WGS and FT reactor sections. The results showed that in the process the largest exergy losses take place in the gasifier section, and the pre-treatment of biomass materials for this part will have a greater impact on exergy loss.
Application of Incentive Mechanism in Building Energy Efficiency Regulation
Authors: Liu Hong Wei , Wang Zhuo Fu , Li Jun
Published: August 2011

Considering the external characteristics of building energy efficiency, the essay points out the necessity for incentive mechanism design. Building energy regulation should take into account the building owner's participation constraint and incentive compatibility constraint. The asymmetry of information about building energy should be considered, then the game model under asymmetric information can be established. This paper proved that optimal mechanism of non-symmetric information was different from the asymmetric information. According to the analysis of the paper，incentive mechanism is necessary for the government.
Review on Energy Rebound Effect Study
Authors: Wei Zhen Xiang , Zhou Li Jie
Published: August 2011

Energy rebound effect is the key issue in the process of saving energy through energy efficiency improvement. Based on the exploration of rebound effect definitions, the paper reviewed the energy-related theoretical and empirical researches, in order to provide reference for further in-depth research.
Structural Design of the Circular Mold Briquetting Machine
Authors: Yu Xin Qi , Gao Hui Qin , Liu Qing Gang , Yu Jia Hui
Published: August 2011

This paper describes the significance of exploiting and developing renewable energy under the current circumstance of fossil energy shortage. The paper introduces the working principle and the overall structure of the circular mold briquetting machine. In the transmission and feeding mechanism, the “one shaft” structure is used. The “Double-roller” is symmetrically arranged in the compression chamber, and the combination circular mold is adopted. It is shown in the structural analysis that the briquetting machine is of simple structure, high work efficiency, and low cost. Moreover, it can be conveniently repaired and replaced. The structural analysis provides significant theoretical basis for the optimal design of the briquetting machine.
Study on the Factors of Partnership Success in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Pei Xu Dong
Published: August 2011

Based on social exchange theory, this paper analyzes the factors of partnership success in upstream oil and gas industry. The results show that trust, commitment, the two-way communication and joint problem solving are positively associated with partnership success in upstream oil and gas industry.
The Potential Distribution of Icing Insulators
Authors: Wang Yong Qiang , Liu Xiao Fei , Zhu Yong Chao
Published: August 2011

The phenomenon of icing on insulators was common in power system, therefore, the research on insulator potential of different icing length is meaningful for clearing the ice on insulators. 110kV non-ceramic insulator (FXBW-110/120) was taken as an example, the model based on finite element static electric field is built in ANSYS to analyze the effect on potential distribution of insulator surface based on different icing length. The result shows that: the potential of clean non-ceramic insulator is not well distributed, surface potential of insulator is not affected greatly when icing length is below 60cms; The end potential of insulator is greatly changed when the icing length is up to 70cms; The whole surface potential of insulator is changed and insulation capability is droped obviously when the icing length is up to 80cms.
Flexural Capacity of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete：A Fracture Mechanics Approach
Authors: Zhang Mang Mang , Chen Sheng Ping , Wang Ti Jun
Published: August 2011

The flexural capacity and deflections of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams were discussed in this paper based on the nonlinear fracture mechanics. Analytical Equations describing the flexural capacity and deflections of the SFRC flexural members were proposed. Five series of steel fiber reinforced mortar beam specimens with different steel fiber volume fractions were tested. It is found that the flexural capacity before and after cracking depends largely on the tensile strength and the residual tensile strength of SFRC, respectively. The proposed design method can reflect not only the ability of SFRC to resist plastic strain, but also its contributions to toughness and crack arresting ability.
Silicones in the Preservation Applications of Architecture
Authors: Sun Sheng , Jin Pun Jun
Published: August 2011

This paper briefly introduces silicone and the material’s properties and performance, and explains the silicone polymer with high-performance used in building innovative preservation, furthermore, the protection mechanism of silicones was presented. It shows that silicones can improve thousands of building materials work better and make architecture have longer life.
Experimental Investigation on Heat Transfer Coefficient for the Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
Authors: Zheng Hui Fan , Huang Lan Yu , Fan Xiao Wei , Wei Jing
Published: August 2011

An experimental setup is designed and constructed to study the heat transfer coefficient of the double pipe heat exchangers in this paper. The influence of the mass flow of the shell side and the logarithmic mean temperature difference is studied. The experimental results demonstrate that the heat transfer coefficient of the exchanger increase with increasing of the logarithmic mean temperature difference and the mass flow of the shell side. Over a range of above mentioned parameters conditions, the average heat transfer coefficient of the exchanger can reach to 2300， 1500 W/m2.K respectively. The heat capacity and outer water temperature increase with the inlet water temperature increasing, and the pressure drop decreases with the inlet water temperature increasing.
A Study on Warning Limit of Urban Housing Market
Authors: Liu Cheng Chih , Wu Ching I , Tsai Ping Yu
Published: August 2011

It had been a key point and a tough work to verify the warning limit of urban housing market for those who research the housing market. The warning limit of domestic housing market was based on the change rate of its own indicator. It deviated from the changing trend, and diverged from the real feeling of our people. This research adopted systematized method and signal light system, and Taichung City was selected for a case study. The research result showed that it was practicable to apply the systematized method to researching warning limit of urban housing market. Therefore, it was suggested that the systematized method should be used as an auxiliary method on researching the warning limit of urban housing market so that the early warning function of urban housing market could be perfect.
Selenium Species Analysis by Chromatography Hyphenated Techniques
Authors: Zhang Lv Yin , Yu Xiao Ping , Guo Ya Fei , Deng Tian Long
Published: August 2011

Selenium species analysis based on chromatography hyphenated techniques including reversed-phase, ion-exchange, size exclusion, affinity chromatography and so on were summarized in this paper, and the new trend for selenium species analysis in the future was also carried out.
Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis of a High-Rise Hybrid Structure
Authors: Li Yang Cheng , Gao Mei
Published: August 2011

Dynamic elasto-plastic analysis methods can actually indicate the characteristic of structure. This paper is concerned with the seismic performance evaluation of a super high-rise hybrid structure by using nonlinear dynamic procedure (NDP). By reasonable selection of input ground motions, the nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out by using CANNY program. Then the seismic responses of hybrid structure under three different earthquake intensities are obtained. Comparing the responses of three levels with pre-established performance objective, the results show that all responses meet the requirements. At the same time, the inter-storey shear drifts are mentioned to judge the seismic behaviors of hybrid structure. Based on the large amount of structural response information, conclusion can be drawn that the super high-rise hybrid structure achieves the seismic performance objective.
New Correlations Including Hourly Horizontal Radiation for Predicting Indoor Thermal Environment
Authors: Wei Sheng Xian , Guo Shi Mei , He Xi Jia
Published: August 2011

Fanger’s PMV is the most famous thermal sensation index but it is too complex to be applied in practice. Besides, the PMV index does not include the effect of horizontal solar radiation on the indoor thermal environment. In order to obtain simple and applicable correlations with consideration of solar radiation, a one-year measurement has been conducted in a naturally ventilated residential room in Qujing Normal University of Yunnan province, China. Based on collected data, PMV indices are calculated by using Newton’s iterative method. The relationships of the PMV and the environmental parameters — outdoor air temperature, indoor mean air temperature, mean radiant temperature, wind velocity, relative humidity, and hourly horizontal solar radiation — have been studied by the multivariable regression techniques. Large numbers of correlations with high correlativity have been developed in the present paper. It is convenient to use them to evaluate and predict the indoor thermal environment in the natural ventilation buildings.
Effect of Temperature on Output Characteristic of Solar Cell Arrays
Authors: Wei Sheng Xian , Tao Chang , Yang Hui Min
Published: August 2011

In order to improve electric efficiency of solar cell arrays and obtain available heat energy, the solar trough concentration photovoltaic/thermal system has been constructed and the experiment performance and analysis of solar cell arrays have been carried out. The results show that in concentration the thermal efficiency of system linearly decreases with the temperature of cell arrays increasing. In non-concentration, the maximum power output (Pm) temperature coefficients of single crystalline silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon cell array and super cell array are -0.2 W/(m2·°C), -0.15 W/(m2·°C) and -0.16 W/(m2·°C), respectively. In concentration, the Pm temperature coefficients are -11.8 W/(m2·°C), -5.9 W/(m2·°C) and -5.1 W/(m2·°C).
Dynamic Analysis of Three Types of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves
Authors: Ye Xin , Yuan Quan , Cong Hua , Ma Hai Bo , Wei Dong Liang
Published: August 2011

This paper constructs three types of bioprosthetic valve leaflets’ parametric model via computer aided design, a series of accurate parameters of the bioproshtetic heart valve, such as radius of the sutural ring, height of the supporting stent and inclination of the supporting stent, are determined. Numerical simulation is used to determine the effect of different shape designs on the mechanical performance of the bioprosthetic valve leaflet. The dynamic behavior of the valve during diastolic phase is analyzed. The finite element analysis results show the stress distribution of the ellipsoidal and spherical valve leaflets are comparatively reasonable. The ellipsoidal and spherical valve leaflets have the following advantages over the cylindrical leaflet valve, lower peak von-Mises stress, smaller stress concentration area, and relatively uniform stress distribution. The ellipsoidal and spherical valve leaflets may contribute to the long term durability of the valve. This work is very helpful to manufacture valvular leaflets with reasonable shapes and to prolong the lifetime of the bioprosthetic heart valve.
Study on Treatment of Printing and Dyeing Wastewater by Magnetic Seed Coagulation - High Gradient Magnetic Separation
Authors: Chen Wen Song , Lin Hua Shi , Zhang Shuo Feng
Published: August 2011

Treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater by the device of high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) developed by author was tested. The results showed that printing and dyeing wastewater contained varied chemical composition and whose initial concentration of chromaticity and COD were 800 and 565mg/L respectively can be well cleaned by Fenton oxidation—magnetic seed coagulation—HGMS. The removal rate of chromaticity and COD was up to 92.6% and 79.5% respectively. The effluent can meet the national drainage criterion. The optimum technological parameters are as follows: pH=6, [FeSO4·7H2O]=250mg/L, [H2O2]=1.3ml/L, [PAM]=0.75 mg/L, dose of magnetic particle W=150mg/L,current intensity I=8A, current velocity U=2.420L/min, packing density of stainless steel wire R=1.00%-1.43%. Recovery rate of magnetic particle was up to 90% by regenerated technique of chemistry in combination with physics.
Food Habitats of the Breeding Long-Legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) in Northwestern China
Authors: Wu Yi Qun
Published: August 2011

During breeding season, the diets of the Long-legged Buzzards (Buteo rufinus) were studied through pellet and prey remains analysis in arid habitat of northwestern China from 2005 to 2006. By number, mammals 60.00% constituted of the diet, birds 18.00%, reptiles 22.00%. In term of biomass, mammals comprised 87.19% of the diet, birds 6.18%, reptiles 6.63%. The most numerous prey of the Long-legged Buzzards was Rhombomys opimus (48.00%), but Gazella subgutturosa (57.97%) dominated the diet by biomass. Special findings included homing pigeon and a number of nestling and fledging Passerines in the diet. Our results showed that mammals and birds were major prey of breeding Long-legged Buzzard, and results suggest that this Buzzard is an opportunistic hunter and feeds on a wide range of food habitat.
The Research for Indexes of Urban River Eco-Security
Authors: Wu Ching I , Liu Cheng Chih
Published: August 2011

Current research on the river ecosystem in Taiwan is a lack of integrated strategy on urban river ecosystem management. This study aims to evaluate the river quality based on eco-security. Our goal is to provide a framework to conceptualize the impacts of various urban river eco-security development. Using the systems thinking, the related eco-security operation mechanisms have been constructed by five subsystems, “drainage control” ,”purification ability”, “water recycled”, “habitat” and “biomass” analyzed. Also, through the new Fuzzy Delphi expert survey, the index system of urban river eco-security (IES) has been compiled in order to explore the variables. It is clear that urban river eco-security model provides an alternative decision model and corresponds to the direction of sustainable city.
The Analysis of Wastewater Composition and Characteristic in a Northern University of China
Authors: Li Hai Bo , Du Li Na , Li Ying Hua , Huang Lei
Published: August 2011

Wastewater composition and characteristic in a northern university of China were analyzed according to the sampling and analysis of sewage discharged from the different function units. The sewage discharge quantities and principles of different time points and seasons were monitored. The results showed that the concentrations of pollutants in northern campus sewage changed in a certain pattern with the alteration of sampling time and season. Different function units had significant effect on wastewater composition. The influence degree depends on the concentration of characteristic contaminant. The study will helpful to design different campus sewage treatment system due to the principle of partition and dispersion.
Effects of Conservation Tillage on Organic Carbon and Carbon Management Index in Paddy Soil
Authors: Peng Juan , Ci En , Fu Zhuo Wang , Gao Ming , Xie De Ti
Published: August 2011

Effects of different tillage systems on organic carbon and carbon management index (CMI) in paddy soil of long-term experiment site (since 1990) were studied. The experiment included three tillage treatments: conventional tillage with rotation of rice and winter fallow (CT-r) system, no-tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape (RT-rr) system, and conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape (CT-rr) system. Soil labile organic carbon measured by oxidation of KMnO4 respond rapidly to carbon supply changes, and it is considered as an important indicator of soil quality. Compared with CT-r system, long-term RT-rr system significantly increased total organic carbon and labile organic carbon in surface soil (0-10 cm and10-20 cm). The proportion of labile organic carbon to total organic carbon under RT-rr system was higher than other tillage systems. The carbon management index (CMI) is derived from the total soil organic carbon pool and carbon lability and is useful to evaluate the capacity of management systems to promote soil quality. The CMI increased in each layer under RT-rr system, while it decreased under CT-rr system. This indicated that conservation tillage improved the capacity of the management system into promoting soil quality in Sichuan Basin of China.
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Optimization of Semiconductor Processing Water Recycling Strategy
Authors: Pan Qi , Wang Feng , Yang Hai Zhen
Published: August 2011

In this study, cost-benefit analyses based on life cycle assessment is applied to optimize the recycling of processing water for semiconductor factories. A representative 8-inch semiconductor wafer manufacturing plant is selected and seven existing or potential processing water-recycling sources were set, reverse osmosis (RO) reject, ultrafilter (UF) reject, multimedia filter (MMF), on-line analyzer drain, cation/anion (C/A) filter and merry-go-round (MGR) filter backwash water (including C/A sensor drain), wafer process organic drain and wafer process inorganic drain, marked as point 1 to 7, respectively. To sort the water-recycling sources in ascending order of the results of life cycle cost analyses, they were point 4, 5, point 2, 3, point 1, 7 and point 6, with life cycle the cost about 100,000$, 350,000$, 1000,000$ and 2000,000$, respectively. The order changed when they were sorted by their unit recycling-water costs; that was point 1, 2, point 5, point 3, 4 and point 7, with the unit recycling-water costs 0.2$/ton, 0.3$/ton, 0.4$/ton and 0.5$/ton, respectively. The analyses also evaluated the water recycling practice for various assumed unit tap water price. The optimal processing water recycling strategies based were proposed and corresponding optimal water-recycling rates were 24%, 64%, 81%, and 85% for water price 0.373$/ton, 0.578$/ton, 0.75$/ton and 0.945$/ton, respectively.
Effects of Guiding Beams on Behavior of Continuous Curved Girder Bridge of Spatial Truss Structure with Concrete Filled Steel Tubular
Authors: Wang Hai Liang , Wang Zhen Yu
Published: August 2011

The stiffness, length and weight per unit length of the guiding beam had significant effect on the internal forces of the girder during the construction. The appropriate parameters could reduce internal forces, and save materials and ensure construction safety. The effect of different parameters of the guiding beam on the behavior of girder during the construction was analyzed to determine a reasonable parameter of guiding beams on continuous curved girder bridge of spatial truss structure with concrete filled steel tubular in incremental launching construction. The results of the analysis could provide technical data the design of other launching nose for continuous curved girder bridge of spatial truss structure with concrete filled steel tubular in incremental launching construction.
Empirical Analysis on the Construction Workers’ Contribution to Chinese Construction Industry Economic Growth and Sharing of Ecnomic Gain
Authors: Chen Min , Li Qi Ming , Peng Chao Qun
Published: August 2011

This paper utilizes the production function model as analysis model, selects gross product of construction industry of China as output (Q), the sum of fixed assets and current assets of construction industry of China as capital input (K), and the numbers of construction workers of China as labor input (L). The comparable prices of ‘Q’ and ‘K’ from 1993-2009 are calculated by using the deflator index of gross domestic product and the price indices of investment in fixed assets, and the base year is 1991. The result of regression analysis shows the labor elasticity factor is 0.42 by using the software of ‘EVIEWS’, then the contribution rate of construction workers is calculated as 33.2%, and the sharing rate of construction economic gain is 15.69%. Comparing with the contribution of the construction workers, their sharing is less. This paper also finds the construction industry of China is the period of decreasing return to scale, this demonstrates the management level of construction industry shall be improved.
Effect of Pretreatment on the Properties of Biomass Waste
Authors: Zhang Shou Yu , Wang Jian , Wang Xiu Jun
Published: August 2011

The disposal of biomass waste is of great economic and environmental importance because it can be considered as a sustainable and renewable source of energy. Biomass waste can be converted into H2-rich fuel gas quickly by low temperature catalytic gasification technology. In the paper, fowl manure, a typical biomass waste, was pretreated by washing and the properties of the manure sample before and after pretreatment was investigated. The properties of the manure samples prepared depend strongly on washing method. Nearly all the minerals were removed from the waste by the treatment in the sequence of dilute HCl acid and HF acid washing. The difference in the pyrolysis behaviors of the samples before and after acid washing was ascribed to the changes in the organic components and the minerals present in HC during the pretreatment. A distinct catalytic effect of the minerals contained in CM on its pyrolysis behavior was observed.
Study on Granulation of Anaerobic Sludge in UASB Reactor Adding Cationic Polymer Treating Low Strength Wastewater at Room Temperature
Authors: She Zong Lian , Wu Jian , Fu Xiao Hui , Shi En , Li Bao Shi , Gao Meng Chun
Published: August 2011

Effect of cationic polymer on granulation and COD removal efficiency in lab scale UASB reactors was examined, treating low-strength wastewater (COD 300-500mg l-1) at room temperature. It was shown that cationic polymer was more effective for enhancing sludge granulation and COD removal efficiency as compared to the control experiment (without additives). After day 166 of operation, the amount of granules size above 0.5mm accounted for 32.1% of total sludge, higher than that of control experiment (19.3%). At 1.03 kg COD m-3 d-1 of OLR and 9.8 h of HRT, the effluent VFA had a maximum value of 168mg l-1 and 240mg l-1 in Reactor A and B respectively. The polymer-amended reactor took 36days to receive 1.44 kg COD m-3 d-1 of OLR at the 7.8 h of HRT, shorter than the control reactor (54days). The two reactors obtained above 80% in COD removal efficiency. It is shown that UASB reactor can also achieve higher COD removal treating low strength wastewater at room temperature.
Application Technique of Pneumatic Transportation System Used in Charging Solid Dusty Material for Internal Mixer
Authors: Liang Yan Fei , Tan Wei Ming , Yuan Qing Dan
Published: August 2011

Structure of dusty feeder on the principle of negative pressure was discusses. From the practical design of a pneumatic transportation system in charging solid dusty material, the process data and property parameters used as the base in design were indicated. The selection of process, the determination of the parameters and the calculation of the transportation piping were described in detail, providing a theoretical basis for the mechanical use of rubber and other industries.
Single-Factor and Nemerow Multi-Factor Index to Assess Heavy Metals Contamination in Soils on Railway Side of Harbin-Suifenhe Railway in Northeastern China
Authors: Wang Lian Feng , Bai Ying Xia , Gai Shi Nan
Published: August 2011

Heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometry were investigated in roadside surface (0-20 cm) and sub-surface (20-40 cm) arable soils along Shangzhi section of Harbin-Suifenhe railway, Heilongjiang province, northeastern China. The soil environmental quality on the base of the environmental background value criteria were evaluated respectively by single-factor pollution index (Pi) and Nemerow multi-factor pollution index (Pij) method according to the first grade of Standards for Soil Environmental Quality of China (GB15618-1995). Except for Zn, concentrations of Cu, Pb and Cd in surface soil (0-20cm) were higher than that of sub-surface soil (20-40cm). Concentrations of Zn (106~293 mg kg-1), Cu (17.9~22.4 mg kg-1), Pb (18.2~24.6 mg kg-1) and Cd (64~386 µg kg-1) were lower than the values in China National Standards Grade II. The highest Pi of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd are 2.93, 0.64, 0.70 and 1.42, respectively. The highest Pij was presented in the 50-m distance soils.The results suggested heavy metals in soils 50-meter distance from railway were higher than that of 10- and 100-meter distance.
Study on Electrochemical Degradation of Acid Scarlet 3R
Authors: Hu Jun Sheng , Li Yue , Wang Zhuo
Published: August 2011

Based on a static experiment, this study researched the electrochemical oxidation process of simulated dye wastewater containing Acid Scarlet 3R in the two-dimensional electrolysing cell. This experiment investigated the effect of such various factors as current density, initial concentration, supporting electrolyte concentration, and the initial pH value on the color removal. The results of the experiment clearly indicated that the rate of color removal increased when the current density was increasing gradually; it decreased when the initial concentration was increasing; it originally increased and then decreased when concentration of electrolytes was increasing; alkaline condition was not conducive to the removal of color, and the effect of decolorization was better under an acid condition than under an alkaline condition. The optimum condition of disposing of dye wastewater is when the current density is 7Am/cm², electrolyte concentration is 0.04mol/L, pH=2.5, under the condition of which the color removal rate could be 96.06%.
Prediction Based on BP Network for Coal Mine Paste Filling Material Strength
Authors: Zhao Cai Zhi , Zhou Hua Qiang
Published: August 2011

Aiming at the factors affecting the strength of coal paste filling material, the relation between affecting factors and strength of coal paste filling material was revealed on the basis of a lot of experiments in the lab, in which the river sand was used as skeletal material. The tests show that the strength is mainly affected by the slurry density, dosage of fly ash and cementation. However, the establishment of mathematical model between the strength and all affecting factors is very difficult. In order to more accurately forecast the strength of coal paste filling material, the model was established by applying BP networks. The results show that the model is feasible and scientifically justified to forecast the strength of coal paste filling material. The conclusions can provide some references for the practice of none-village-relocation coal extraction in the mine. Introduction
New Climate Diagnostic Method of Activity of Typhoons over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Tan Ji Qing , Li Hui Qi , Zheng Zhao Xia
Published: August 2011

A new conception, called the Most Direct Impact Area (MDIA) of typhoons, is put forward in this paper. After the computational method is explained in detail, the databank of 1955 typhoons of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) have been calculated on the Linux operational platform with a Fortran compiler in a computer. The results via calculating the geographic distribution of the MDIA of typhoons show that the characteristic of typhoon activity in a year can be easily identified in quantity. A most interesting feature has been found that typhoon activity is abnormally active over the ocean to the south of Japan in three typical El Niño years.