bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Israel’s Rightward Pull Versus Regional Rapprochement
Authors: Scham Paul
Published: February 2023

The Abraham Accords of 2020 were Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s proudest foreign policy achievement. They were applauded in Israel and the United States but were met with more skepticism by the Arab public because they lacked any satisfaction of Palestinian demands for statehood. Netanyahu, who won Israel’s recent election and is slated to become prime minister once again as soon as his government is in place, would like to enlarge the Accords signatories to more Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, but may be stymied by his far-right coalition partners, whose agenda is based on expanding settlements, annexing the West Bank with no regard for its Palestinian population, and making Israel more religiously Jewish. This will almost certainly lead to violence, perhaps even a new intifada, as the West Bank is already seething. Western and Arab leaders have expressed their concern about the leaders of Israel’s far right parties, some with histories of violence, becoming government ministers. There is good reason to believe that not only are the Accords unlikely to expand but, rather, may contract if Arab leaders see headlines of violence, with Palestinians being killed by Israeli forces. The government must be formed by mid-December and while Netanyahu will lead it, its policies may destroy the Accords, his pride and joy.
Israel’s One-State Reality and The Challenge Of Democratization
Authors: Lustick Ian S.
Published: February 2023

Decades of massive Israeli settlement of the West Bank reflect a fundamental transformation of Israel from a state with a social democratic ethos to one dominated by a militantly nationalist political culture. Consequently, the two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian problem has become unattainable. De facto Israeli rule of the entire country between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea is not a one-state solution but a one-state reality. The remaining path to a better future for both Jews and Palestinians is the democratization of that state. Factors that can contribute to this process are considered. The struggles and political emancipation of blacks in the United States, Irish Catholics in the United Kingdom, and women in most industrial democracies, suggest this process is likely to take decades or generations rather than months or years, but early signs of change are apparent.
Geological risk management process and its particularities for a uranium site - case study
Authors:   R&D National Institute of Metals and Radioactive Resources - ICPMRR, 70 Carol I Blvd., sector 2, 020917, Bucharest, Romania, Banu Diana-Maria , Obreja Ana-Maria ,   R&D National Institute of Metals and Radioactive Resources - ICPMRR, 70 Carol I Blvd., sector 2, 020917, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Ioana-Carmen ,   R&D National Institute of Metals and Radioactive Resources - ICPMRR, 70 Carol I Blvd., sector 2, 020917, Bucharest, Romania, Mihai Sorin ,   R&D National Institute of Metals and Radioactive Resources - ICPMRR, 70 Carol I Blvd., sector 2, 020917, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2023

Anthropogenic radioactive pollution of the environment resulting from the research and exploitation of uranium resources is a topical issue for the scientific community because it represents a threat to people’s health conditions and has a highly negative impact on the environment. The sources of radioactive pollution are due to the presence of low-level radioactive tailings and poor ore dumps resulting from the exploration and exploitation of uranium ore deposits. Uranium under the action of environmental factors can reach the groundwater, the river network, and the food chain, respectively. The contaminated food and water may cause diseases and even cancer. An important role in the pollution spreading is played by geological phenomena, the most important being landslides. Thus arises the need for geological risk management. The present study aims to implement a geological risk management system through methods of assessment, monitoring, and prediction of geological risk for a chosen uranium site. The waste rock and water samples analysis pointed out the radioactive contamination risk. The simulated scenarios in the area exposed to subsidence phenomena showed the activity of increasing the concentration of radioactive waste in the hydrographic system’s groundwater in the studied site, in a time interval of 4120 days (11.29 years): it rapidly increased in the first 1000 days (from 0.0 to 0.0033), after which it decreased in intensity until day 2500 (from 0.0033 to 0.0048), and it is supposed to stagnate after day 2500 until day 4120 when the simulation ended. The results emphasised the radioactive contamination spreading risk in the case when the subsidence phenomenon takes place.
Structure and analysis of the mining subsector from the national energy sector in the context of stability and increase of Romanian energy security
Authors:   University of Petrosani, Romania, Fîță Nicolae Daniel , Radu Sorin Mihai ,   University of Petrosani, Romania, Moraru Roland Iosif ,   University of Petrosani, Romania, Ilieva Obretenova Mila ,   University of Mining and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski”
Published: February 2023

Until recently, the European Union's energy policy was against coal for pollution reasons, but with the start of the military war between Russia and Ukraine, coal has become one of the energy resources to reconsider. The lack or depletion of oil and natural gas from Russia has made the coal resource the most important source and means to provide energy security. Because there are many coal-fired power stations in Romania (hard coal and lignite), its extraction and recovery becomes a real problem of national security, because it produces electricity, which is vital to Romanian society. The need to analyse the mining subsector, which generates critical mining infrastructure, comes in the context in which the possible occurrence of cases of non-energy supply, or unexpected price increases, generates major issues of national interest, with European and OTAN implications. The aim of the paper is to structure and analyzse the mining subsector within the National Energy Sector in the context of stability and increasing national energy security. The authors consider that the approach of the mining subsector is a strictly national security issue because the lack of coal can cause damage to the power sector and the national economy, which are partly dependent on the mining subsector.
Modelling the impact of coal seam methane on the Mongolian economy
Authors:   University of Mining and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski”, Sereenen Siilegmaa , Magsar Oyuntugs ,   Petroleum and Drilling Department, School of Geology and Mining, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 8th khoroo, Baga toiruu, Sukhbaatar district, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, O’Neill Terry ,   The University of Queensland, Australia
Published: February 2023

Energy independence is one of the most important issues for almost every country and the world. Mongolia strives to have various types of energy sources and reduce energy dependence. Energy dependence always influences economic dependence of any country. Utilising its own country’s resources is optimal to reduce energy dependence. In recent years, the Mongolian Government has been encouraging unconventional oil and gas exploration and foreign investment and implementing supporting policies, such as coal bed (seam) methane. As a result of these activities, unconventional oil and gas investment and exploration have been intensified in the last few years in Mongolia, especially during pandemics. There are 32 oil and gas blocks in Mongolia and coal bed methane exploration and foreign investments have been invested in eight blocks. In 2022, some foreign investment companies are going to introduce proven reserves of coal bed methane to the Mongolian Government and Parliament. Therefore, we have to model the positive and negative impacts of coal bed methane on the Mongolian economy and find methods to increase the positive sides. Unfortunately, there is no experience in any situation for unconventional oil and gas exploration, extraction, and field development. Because of it, we have cooperated with Australian scientists and experts and completed some studies for making a model of the impact of coal seam methane on the Mongolian economy. For today’s condition, the Mongolian Government or Mongolian private companies can’t process coal bed methane activities because of lack of capital expenses and experience. To raise the positive impacts of coal bed methane, foreign investment is of course very important. There are some main purposes to model the impact of coal seam methane on the Mongolian economy.
A systematic review of research on teachers’ guides
Authors: Buch Bettina , Gissel Stig Toke , Oksbjerg Marianne , Kjeldsen Karna , Albrechtsen Thomas Rhode Skovdal
Published: February 2023

This article presents the results of a systematic review of research on teachers’ guides. A teachers’ guide is defined as text directed at the teacher guiding the use of a didactic learning material, i.e. learning resources made for purposes of teaching and learning. The review is conducted to identify the main research areas in international research about teachers’ guides, and what the research can tell us about the various aspects of teachers’ guides. We included methodically diverse research published 1990-2020 focusing on primary school and lower secondary school. 43 studies were included. We inductively identified six themes that stood out when reading across the included articles: The historical development of teachers’ guides, analytical approaches to teachers’ guides, research on teachers’ use of teacher guides, teachers’ interpretation or engagement with teachers’ guides, and what teachers’ guides should provide according to teachers and researchers respectively.
Considerations Perceived by Coaches as Specific to Coaching Elite Women’s Soccer Teams
Authors: Danielsen Line Dverseth , Jakobsen Arne Martin , Peters Derek M. , Høigaard Rune
Published: February 2023

This study investigated challenges perceived by coaches when working with elite women’s soccer teams. Six men and four women coaches with experience in the first Norwegian League or Norwegian national team participated. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, and the data was analyzed using thematic interpretational analysis. Participants identified professionalism, early-career termination, mental characteristics, intrateam communication, romantic relationships, access to the locker rooms (men only), and team selection (women only) as the specific challenges they face when coaching these teams. The findings are discussed in relation to ensuring that good performance and development are achieved when coaching elite women’s soccer teams and helping future coaches optimize their coaching techniques when working with elite women players.
Administrative Activities of the Police to Prevent and Suppress Offenses in the Field of Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Kostin Sergei Gennad'evich
Published: February 2023

The subject of the study in this article is the methods of administrative activities used by the police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the course of preventing and suppressing offenses in the field of alcohol consumption. In particular, the author gives a brief description of such methods as "direct administrative coercion", "providing police assistance" and "police supervision", and considers the powers of the police to implement them. Particular attention was paid to law enforcement activities in the studied area in foreign countries, which allowed the author to argue the conclusion about the possibility of integrating a new partnership model of interaction between the police and society into the current domestic legislation « Neighborhood Watch». The main conclusion of the study is the assertion that the improvement of the administrative activities of the police in the prevention of offenses in the sphere of consumption of alcoholic products will be facilitated by the integration into law enforcement of a new administrative and legal method (the "Neighbor's Watch" method), which is a set of actions aimed at using state-created social conditions for obtaining information from citizens about the facts of alcohol abuse, providing assistance to persons who are in a helpless state as a result of intoxication, as well as humanizing the procedure for transporting persons who are in a state of alcoholic intoxication to their place of residence. The introduction of this method of administrative activity of the police will make a significant contribution to the implementation of the anti-alcohol policy of the state and ensuring law and order on the streets.
Grounds and Legal Mechanism of Digital Transformation of the Issuance of Official Documents Using NFT in Russia
Authors: Mazein Artem Vladimirovich , Kozhevnikov Aleksandr Konstantinovich
Published: February 2023

The digital transformation of modern Russian society requires the introduction of new network interaction tools, the predominant among which are blockchain systems. Cryptographic transformation of information allows some blockchain systems to generate non-interchangeable tokens (NFT). Taking into account this possibility, cryptographically protected NFT tokens allows to create unique digital images of various objects that cannot be copied or shared. These technological grounds allow us to put forward the idea of translating the usual documents on physical media (paper passport, certificates) into the NFT form. Taking into account the goals of digital transformation, the principles of building blockchain systems, as well as the essential features of NFT, the authors put forward the idea that NFT can become a reliable way to store and protect official documents. At the same time, Russian law currently does not regulate the implementation of NFT documents. Therefore, the authors propose to consolidate the legal concept of an NFT document in the provisions defining the status of individual official documents and the procedure for their issuance. By an official NFT document certifying legally significant facts, the authors propose to understand such a document, which is created and issued by public authorities or authorized organizations, and represents a unique set of metadata transformed cryptographically. For the effective implementation of the mechanism for issuing NFT documents and its timely improvement, the authors propose to conduct a law-making experiment to introduce into circulation the procedure for issuing individual official documents in the form of NFT, and further scale the results of the experiment taking into account the analysis of its results.
Formation of Patriotism among Students of Educational Organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia by Commanders of Cadet Units
Authors: Glushchenko Olga Pavlovna , Kipreev Sergei Nikolavevich
Published: February 2023

In this article, the subject of the study is the process of forming patriotism among students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, carried out by the commanders of cadet units. The study identifies the main normative legal acts on the civil and patriotic education of young people. Taking into account the levels of formation of patriotism and its components (cognitive, motivational, operational, behavioral, productive, regulatory, value, emotional-volitional), an in-depth analysis was carried out in order to determine the reasons for the lack of formation of the studied quality in some cadets and trainees. In addition, the study defines a list of the main directions of patriotic education of university students. To identify the level of formation of a sense of patriotism, the author's questionnaire "My Patriotism" was developed, with the help of which a survey of cadets and senior students of the faculty was conducted to train specialists for public order and public security units. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the overall group level of formation of the components of the sense of patriotism is average, most of the cadets need to increase the level of formation of certain components of the sense of patriotism. Theoretical and practical study made it possible to present a comprehensive approach to the study of the formation of patriotism among students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia by the commanders of cadet units, which was the novelty of the article.
"Dostoevsky and the Gospel of John": translated from the French article by N.A. Struve (1983) with comments
Authors: Potemkina Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Stremoukhova Anastasiya Dmitrievna
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to introduce readers to the translation of the article by the French Russianist, publicist and translator N.A. Struve "Dostoevsky and the Gospel of John" (1983), which has not been published in Russian until now. It is through language, first of all, that the reader gets acquainted with the writer, therefore, works that consider stylistic features of biblical texts in their subsequent comparison with Dostoevsky's texts are of particular value to us. In addition to the translation itself, the authors' tasks included comparing N.A. Struve's research with similar works in Russian, as well as compiling a commentary on some quotations, concepts and terms used in N.A. Struve's article. Dostoevistics has accumulated a lot of works devoted to the influence of St. The writings on the life, creativity and spiritual path of F.M. Dostoevsky, however, there are not so many studies among them that raise the question of the influence of the text of Holy Scripture on the writer's idiosyncrasy. For us, the syntax of Dostoevsky is of particular interest, namely, the comparison of the compositional connections of words in his works and the text of the Gospel of John. The proposed translation and commentary allow us to supplement the ideas that have developed in Dostoevistics about the influence of the Gospel of John on the work of F.M. Dostoevsky, taking into account the results of recent research, including the methodology of studying and describing the author's idiostyle and compiling a dictionary of the writer's language.
F.M. Dostoevsky's Ideas and Soviet Reality: Mikhail Prishvin's View
Authors: Podoksenov Aleksandr Modestovich , Telkova Valentina Alekseevna
Published: February 2023

The subject of the study is the problem of the integrity of the development of national culture and the spiritual continuity of historical epochs, which raises the question of how the same philosophical and ideological concepts pass from one century to another, influencing artists of different generations. The purpose of the work is to study to what extent the ideas and artistic images of F. M. Dostoevsky acted for M. M. Prishvin as a context for comprehending the essence of Soviet reality, as well as his philosophical and ideological assessment of the ideology and policy of the ruling Bolshevik party. The article uses the method of historical reconstruction of the ideological and political context of the life of Soviet society and the state. The method of hermeneutics is used, the application of which directly follows from the specifics of the writers' artistic discourse. The comparative study of texts and worldview views recorded in the diaries of Dostoevsky and Prishvin acts as a kind of hermeneutic circle, i.e. the analysis of the worldview makes it possible to better understand the text, and the text, in turn, makes it possible to clarify the features of the author's conceptual worldview ideas. The novelty of the research lies in the introduction into scientific circulation of new facts from the 18-volume Prishvinsky Diary (1905-1954), published only in the post-Soviet period, hidden for many years, allowing to discover additional facets of the artist's work. The study revealed the main determinants of the evolution of Prishvin's worldview from categorical rejection of the October Revolution and Bolshevism to reconciliation with the Soviet state. The results obtained contribute to the development of Russian studies, allowing us to better understand the patterns of the evolution of the worldview and the features of the writer's artistic world, as well as his place and role in the history of Russian and Soviet culture of the XX century.
Anthropology in colors: from icon to Painting
Authors: Emel'yanov Andrei Sergeevich
Published: February 2023

Within the framework of this study, the transformation of anthropomorphic images in Medieval and Renaissance painting is analyzed. The visual art of this period is considered as a specific space of "conversation about man", which existed in parallel with discourses about God-man and Man-god. As a means of communication between man and God, the icon, using anthropomorphism in the image of the archetype, represented to the medieval man a certain path and a guide to his own salvation. Along with individual anthropomorphic and naturalistic features, areal ones were also used in iconography, for example, reverse perspective, halo, "twisting of figures" and a number of others that set the symbolic content of the religious image. В В  According to the author, the transformation of the icon into a painting in the XIII-XIV centuries was associated not only with the technical development of fine art (the widespread use of direct perspective, the use of camera obscura and oil paints), but also with significant changes that occurred in the intellectual space of Europe. The narcissistic turn in Renaissance art, expressed in the dissolution of the boundaries between the human and the divine, the maximum naturalization of religious content, as well as in the development of self-portraits, is, first of all, a turn from the discourse about God-man to the discourse about Man-God. Relying on philosophical sources, two independent positions (Ficino and da Vinci) on the nature of metamorphosis and the place of pictorial images in the description and definition of man are considered.
Effect of pulse duty ratio on temperature rise induced by focused ultrasound combined with magnetic microbubbles
Authors: Zhang Mei-Mei , Wu Yi-Yun , Yu Jie , Tu Juan , Zhang Dong ,   Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China,   Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
Published: February 2023

Development of acoustic/magnetic contrast agent microbubbles with various diagnostic and therapeutic functions has attracted more and more attention in medical ultrasound, biomedical engineering and clinical applications. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have unique magnetic characteristics and wonderful biocompatibility, so they can be used as MRI contrast agents to improve image contrast, spatial resolution and diagnostic accuracy. Our previous work shows that the multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic microbubble agents can be successfully constructed by embedding SPIO particles into the coating shell of conventional ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) microbubbles, which in turn changes the size distribution and shell properties of UCA microbubbles, thereby affecting their acoustic scattering, cavitation and thermal effects. However, previous studies only considered the influence factors such as acoustic pressure and microbubble concentration. The relevant investigation regarding the influence of ultrasound temporal characteristics on the dynamic response of magnetic microbubbles is still lacking. This work systematically measures the temperature enhancement effect of the SPIO-albumin microbubble solution flowing in the vascular gel phantom exposed to pulsed ultrasound with various temporal settings (e.g. duty cycle, PRF and single pulse length). Meanwhile, a two-dimensional finite element model is developed to simulate and verify the experimental observations. The results show that the increase of duty cycle of pulse signal should be the crucial factor affecting the temperature enhancement effect of flowing SPIO-albumin microbubble solution under the exposure to high-intensity focused ultrasound. The current results help us to better understand the influence of different acoustic setting parameters on the thermal effect of dual-modal magnetic UCA microbubbles, and provide useful guidance for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the application of SPIO-albumin microbubbles in clinics.
Analysis of Activated Carbon from Bituminous Coal as the Primary Battery Cathode Potential Using Fluoric Acid
Authors: Saleh Asri
Published: February 2023

Activated carbon can generally be made from carbon-containing materials such as coal. The activation in activated carbon synthesis has different activation mechanisms and characteristics. The objective of this study was to analyze the quality and characterization of activated carbon in bituminous coal using a fluoride (HF) activator. The research method was carried out starting from the sample preparation stage, the chemical and physical activation carbonization stage, and the stage of testing the quality of coal-activated carbon. The results showed that each test obtained a moisture content ranging from 0.7% -1.61%. Ash content has a range of values ranging from 17.51% -25.74%, while volatile matter content ranges from 20.96% - 33.97%. The bound carbon content has a range of values ranging from 20.96% -33.97%, iodine numbers range from 3995.4455-4302, 0456 mg/g (all parameters follow SNI 06-3730-1995); and the degree of crystallinity obtained from the concentrations of 3.5 M and 5 M (duplo) has a degree of crystallinity of 26.6218 and 26.6014, respectively. Bituminous coal-activated carbon activated using Hydrogen Flouride (HF) with a temperature of 800 °C has optimal characteristics at a concentration of 5 M with a moisture content of 0.84. The volatile matter content is 18.60, while the iodine absorption capacity is 4.137.0704. The short carbon chain in degrees of crystallization is at an angle of 26.6014 2θ with two diffraction peaks forming a solid crystalline pattern. The surface morphology of activated carbon produces round, neat, and slightly impurities pore with a diameter of 8.81μm.
The Role of Informal Education in Fisher Women's Struggle for Survival in the Fish Market
Authors: . Meghna , Kumari Bibha
Published: February 2023

Aim: Women fish vendors in Bihar, India, have extremely low literacy rates. In general, they have only received primary education, and some are illiterate. Their participation in the fish market, on the other hand, has received considerable attention. As a result, this study was carried out in the local fish market of Patna (Bihar), India to know about the literacy status of fisherfolks, particularly about the women fish vendors.

Study Design: To understand the status of the women fish vendors, as well as their expertise in selling and purchasing fish at the market, a well-structured questionnaire survey was used. An observation-based study was undertaken to assess skills for cutting fish, calculating the amount, and maintaining hygienic status.

Place and Duration: The study was carried out at random during the day and evening hours in various fish markets of Patna, which included local government-sanctioned, and street fish markets for the duration of two years i.e. the years 2021 & 2022.

Methodology: A survey-based study was conducted, with questionnaires covering criteria such as education level, age group, experience, family pattern, gender-based engagement in day-to-day activities linked to fish marketing, and common challenges experienced by women fish vendors. More than 100 fisherfolks (men and women) have been interviewed.

Results: The majority of women fish vendors were either in the local market, street vendors, or door-to-door fish vendors and very few were present in the stock market. During the study, it was also observed that when buying and selling fish, the women fish vendors negotiated confidently. They had precisely calculated the amount, down to a fraction of a fish's weight.

Conclusion: Women were far more determined than men when it came to selling fish. They were also using cutting-edge technology to weigh the fish. They were able to read the digital tools. These female fish sellers were mostly between the ages of 35 and 65. As a result, they were mostly at ease when it came to dealing with stockists and customers.
Ethnobotanical Survey, Physiochemical Composition and Preliminary Cytotoxic Evaluation of some Medicinal Plants with Anticancer Potential from Certain Areas in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Ogundare Oyinlade C. , Adedosu Olaniyi T. , Afolabi Olusegun K. , Adeleke Gbadebo E. , Akinboro Temitayo , Daniel Adegboyegun A. , Akoro Seide M. , Oludare Victoria I.
Published: February 2023

Aims: Medicinal plants used by traditional medical practitioners (TMP) to treat cancers are considered safe when used alone or combined with conventional therapy to ensure their effectiveness and eliminate the toxic effects of orthodox medicines. Using cytotoxic and antioxidant studies, the study attempted to assess some of the commonly used medicinal plants used to cure cancer among Yoruba people in Ogun, Oyo, Osun, and Lagos (South-West, Nigeria).

Study Design: Samples of commonly utilized anticancer plants obtained from the chosen areas using physical and virtual oral seminars were studied for physiochemical composition and a possible antioxidant and cytotoxic potential to validate the basis for the use of the selected anticancer plants.

Methodology: Online academic literature searches were done on the cited plants to identify the already-exploited anticancer plants. The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. In comparison to quercetin and ascorbic acid, the scavenging of superoxide radical (SOR), hydrogen peroxide, and 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by a model (most biologically active) of the anticancer plant was also evaluated.

Results: There were only twelve anticancer species that were not used in related studies: Lannea egregia, Ficus exasperate, Croton zambesicus, Tetrapleurai tetraptera, Terminalia catappa, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, Plumbago zelanica, Hilleria latifolia, Bryophyllum pinntum, Chromolena odorata, Brysocarpus coccineus and Spondias mombin. The anticancer plants contained bioactive and mineral substances like saponins, protein, lipids, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, and a decreased Na/K concentration. The plants had a fair amount of flavonoids and variable levels of cytotoxicity. L. egeregia was regarded as the prototype of the anticancer species due to its profound flavonoid concentration (85.40 µg/mL) and cytotoxicity (9.46 µg/mL) compared to other extracts. The TLB also demonstrated the presence of quercetin, with a dose-dependent antioxidant property. The anticancer model's overall antioxidant activity (34.72 µg/mL) was slightly lower than quercetin (30.44 µg/mL) but higher than ascorbic acid (41.68 µg/mL).

Conclusion: The results support the traditional use of anticancer species as nutritional and dietary supplements, whose bioactive compounds are relevant in managing cancer patients. The plant’s bioactive principles need to be characterized in future research.
Left Ventricular Geometry and Function in Patients with Gray Zone Hypertension
Authors: Elshabrawy Nabil Mohammed , Allaithy Amany Mohamed , Elsaidy Mona Adel , Masry Magdy Mohamed Al
Published: February 2023

Background: Hypertension is considered as the silent killer of human because the hypertensive patient may be not aware that he has hypertension and death can occur at any time without the reason being known. We aim to study the effect of gray zone hypertension [SBP from 120-139] and or [DBP from 80-89] which was classified as prehypertension under JNC-7 on the structure, geometry, and operation of the left ventricle using echocardiography

Methods: This study included 100 patients who asymptomatic apparent healthy subjects visited cardiology outpatient department (OPD) for routine checkup. Patients were grouped into two equal groups: Group A whose blood pressure was in the gray zone hypertension [SBP from 120-139] and or [DBP from 80-89], and group B with SBP <120 mmHg & DBP <80 mmHg.

Results: The two groups being studied were statistically significant different as regard LV geometrical pattern (p=0.028). They were also statistically significant in LV geometrical pattern between the males and females (p<0.05). The two groups were statistically significant different regarding GLS (p =0.001).

Conclusions: Gray zone hypertension affects ventricular diastolic function and LV geometry, although systolic function was normal; GLS showed that subclinical LV dysfunction can occur.
Factors Influencing Adoption of Climate-Friendly Oxo-Biodegradable Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary Napkins among Women in India
Authors: Srivastava Diksha , Kumari Arunima , Prasad Lal Sudhanand
Published: February 2023

With the aim of making and providing generic drugs available at a cheap cost to everyone across the country, "Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Ausadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) was launched and under this PMBJP (can be translated in English as Prime Minister Indian Mass Medicine Scheme) scheme, Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary Napkins were launched to provide biodegradable sanitary napkins at less price for women of the country. Menstruation is a part of women’s life and menstrual hygiene product is the basic need for women to face this menstruation period. There are many health issues that were faced by women during menstruation and the sanitary napkins used during menstruation causes different pollution. For the purpose of safeguarding the health, financial affordability of Indian women this suvidha sanitary napkin was launched. Earlier in rural areas by abandoning non-biodegradable sanitary napkin a lot of pollution was caused but now it is under check. In order to assess the “Factors influencing adoption of climate-friendly Oxo- biodegradable Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary Napkins among women in India” Muzaffarpur district of Bihar was selected as locale of research and two blocks Muraul and Sakra have been selected for the study, as these blocks found with established structures of Jan Ausadhi Kendras. From each blocks 40 respondents were selected and all these selected respondents known to this scheme or having experience in using Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary napkins. So, total number of respondents were 80. Statistical tool such as Binary logistic analysis revealed that Profession and Annual income were significant at 5 percent level and variables like AWARE PMBJP and Marital status were significant at 10 percent level and all significant factors determine the adoption of climate-friendly bio-degradable Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary Napkins. The result of the study of the impact on women will surely be used to enhance the health status of women and also compliment Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
Dynamics of Zinc Fractions in Soil as Affected by Zinc Fertilization in a Maize-maize Cropping Sequence in Upper Brahmaputra Valley Zone of Assam, India
Authors: Ranjan Borah Sanjib , Basumatary Anjali , Ojha Nayanjyoti , Saikia Rituparna , Bhattacharjya Sameeron , Jyoti Konwar Milan , Baruah Mayuri
Published: February 2023

Zinc is considered as an important micronutrient for maize which is a promising emerging cash crop for the state of Assam, India. A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jorhat, Assam Agricultural University during 2018-19 and 2019-20 to study the dynamics of zinc fractions in soil in a maize-maize cropping sequence as affected by zinc fertilization. The experiment was laid down in a randomized block design (RBD) with twelve treatments combinations of basal and foliar application of zinc through zinc sulphate and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The results revealed that zinc fertilization significantlyinfluenced the studied zinc fractions in soil during both the years under investigation. The distribution of different zinc fractions in soils at harvest was found in the following order: water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn < complexed-Zn < crystalline sesquioxide bound-Zn < amorphous sesquioxide bound-Zn < residual-Zn. Among the zinc treatment combinations, soil application of Zn @ 3.75 kg ha-1 in combination with foliar application of 500 ppm ZnO NPs exhibited the highest concentration of water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn content (1.10 ppm) in soil. The highest concentration of complexed-Zn (2.95 ppm), amorphous sesquioxide-bound-Zn (4.11 mg kg-1), crystalline sesquioxide-bound-Zn (3.76 ppm), residual-Zn (125.65 ppm) and total-Zn (137.33 ppm) were recorded in the treatment receiving soil application of Zn @ 7.5 kg ha-1. Among the zinc fractions studied, the concentration and percent contribution of water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn to total-Zn was the lowest while residual-Zn fraction contributed the highest to the total soil zinc pool. Furthermore, path coefficient analysis revealed that the water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn had the highest contribution towards the plant available DTPA extractable-Zn in soil. Moreover, all the fractions of zinc were found to be significantly and positively correlated with each other indicating existence of dynamic equilibrium of zinc in soil.
Agro-climatic Characterization of Potato Production Areas in Rwanda: Meteorological Data Analysis and Farmer Perceptions
Authors: Nduwayezu Anastase , Didier Kouamé Konan , Mamadou Chérif , Nduwumuremyi Athanase , Gaidashova Svetlana , Daouda Koné
Published: February 2023

From years ago, climate change effects are happening in different areas of the world, including Rwanda. Potato as one of main commodities grown mainly in the cooler and wetter highlands of Rwanda, its production could be facing the global warming. The purpose of this study is to carry out weather (temperature and rainfall) change dynamics in the potato growing zones of Rwanda over the last thirty years. Weather daily data from 1987 to 2016 were collected from three weather stations, at Kawangire for low elevation, at Gikongoro mid elevation, and at Kora high elevation, respectively. Farmers were interviewed to know their perceptions on weather conditions during past thirty years. Weather data were analyzed by ombrothermic diagram, Nickolson Index and graphing with generated trend equation methods. Interview data were analyzed with Chi-square test at P =.05.  Results have shown as dry June, July and August months in low elevation; June, July and August in medium elevation and June and July in high elevation depending on decade. Rainfall was increasing in low and medium elevations, while it was decreasing in high elevation. Temperature was decreasing in low elevation area and it was increasing in medium and high elevation areas. All interviewed farmers confirmed long term-shift in temperature and precipitations. A total of 95%, 54% and 43% of farmers from respectively low, medium and high elevations reported that weather was becoming wetter during last years. As conclusion, potato growing cooler and wetter conditions of high elevation are shifting to low elevation in Rwanda. For climate change mitigation, Rwanda needs to promote potato in its Eastern part, the low elevation region, in order to increase the crop production in the future.
Management of the Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) through Newer Insecticides in Brinjal
Authors: Kumari Jat Hansa , Shrivastava V. K.
Published: February 2023

Aims: This study aims to find out the most effective newer insecticides to control shoot and fruit borer in the brinjal.

Study Design: The experiment of field was carried out with randomized block design.

Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment on management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) with newer insecticides were held on during October 2018 to April 2019 at Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh).

Methodology: Infestation of shoot was observed from each plot by counting the total number of plants and the plants infested by shoot and fruit borer from the beginning of shoot formation. Total number of healthy fruits and infested fruits were counted from five plants of each plot at the time of fruit picking. The weight of both type of fruits (healthy and infested) were recorded to calculate the fruit infestation by weight basis. The treatments were applied from the initiation of infestation to till the complete harvest of the crop at 15 days interval regularly. The recorded data were subjected to statistical analysis after transformation. The count data also transformed and percentage were transformed to angular values.

Results: The treatment of spinosad 45 SC and indoxacarb 14.5 SC1 (suspension concentrate) were found best among all treatments with 3.42 percent and 3.58 percent shoot infestation respectively and the treatments chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and flubendiamide 20 WG2 were found least effective with 4.69 percent and 4.78 percent infestation of shoot respectively. Treatments spinosad 45 SC and indoxacarb 14.5 SC were significantly reduced the 3.11 percent and 3.28 percent fruit infestation respectively. Whereas the treatments flubendiamide 20 WG (Water-Dispersible Granule) and chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC were the least effective with 4.99 percent, 4.69 percent fruit infestation, respectively.

Conclusion: Among all used treatments spinosad 45 SC and indoxacarb 18.5 SC, were the most effective treatments as they recorded higher yield and higher benefit cost ratio.
Uptake, Adherence and Retention of Daily Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Female Sex Workers in the Greater Gaborone City, Botswana
Authors: Tiro Mary Banyana , Mashalla Yohana James , Tapera Roy , Seloilwe Esther , Dikobe Wame
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Female sex workers are estimated to be 30 times more likely to be living with  Human Immuno-deficiency Virus than other women of reproductive age and face an increased burden of sexually transmitted infections. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis was introduced in Botswana in 2018 as an addition to combination-prevention strategies. Since then, no study was carried out to assess the efficiency of PrEP as an intervention. This study aimed to assess the uptake, adherence and retention of daily oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among female sex workers in the Greater Gaborone City, Botswana.

Methods: Retrospective, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out Between August 2018 and May 2020. Purposive sampling was used to select the study site and exhaustive sampling was used to select recorded participant’s data. Descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 26), frequency and proportions were used to organise and analyse the data. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the association between variables and p =.05 was considered significant.

Results: 207 Female sex workers participated in the study. Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis was high (72.9%) but retention was low (16.9%). Unemployed female sex workers adhered more to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis and age group 18-29 was less likely to be retained in the programme. Perception of no longer at substantial risk to Human Immuno-deficiency Virus infection, loss of interest to continue with Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, drug side effects and busy life schedules were major reasons for non-retention.

Conclusions: Lack of motivation challenged effective Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis retention. Widespread messaging to communities and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis scale-up are necessary to generate demand and support for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis uptake among Female sex workers.
Investigating Cyberloafing and Academic Burnout in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Doğru Muhammet Can , Kabasakal Zekavet
Published: February 2023

Aims: The present study was conducted with university students since it aims to explore the correlation between cyberloafing behavior in educational institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic and academic burnout.

Study Design: Correlational survey model

Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Education, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, between September 2021 and June 2022.

Methodology: The population of the study, which employed correlational survey model, was a group of students attending a state-run Turkish University in İzmir. The sampling consisted of the students accessed by using conventional sampling method. The data for the purposes of the study were collected from 406 university students (249 female and 157 male) by administrating Personal Information Form, Cyberloafing Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Scale. SPSS 28.0 statistical package software was employed to do Pearson Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Results: The results of the analyses revealed a positive and significant but weak correlation between “shopping”, “real-time updating” and “gaming/gambling” dimensions of cyberloafing and “exhaustion” and “desensitization” dimensions of academic burnout. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that dimensions of academic burnout along with “gender”, “age”, “year of study”, “academic GPA”, “attendance” and “duration of daily internet use” variables accounted 10.4% of total cyberloafing scale score. Finally, the study revealed that only “competence” dimension, “age”, “academic GPA” and “duration of daily internet use” variables significantly predict cyberloafing behavior.  

Conclusion: It was found that as the academic burnout of university students increased, cyberloafing behaviors also increased. In this direction, psychological counseling programs can be developed to reduce the academic burnout of students. In addition, more studies can be conducted with students in different age groups to reveal the relationships between these variables.
SEGREGAÇÃO RESIDENCIAL POR RAÇA E CLASSE EM FORTALEZA, SALVADOR E SÃO PAULO
Authors: França Danilo
Published: February 2023

Este artigo trata da importância da variável raça para os contornos da segregação residencial em cidades brasileiras. Nossa hipótese é a de que haveria um padrão geral de segregação caracterizado pela articulação entre raça e classe, ou seja, não podemos reduzi-la a uma ou a outra dessas dimensões. Não obstante, esse padrão deve apresentar variações de acordo com contextos regionais e locais. Nossa estratégia empírica envolveu a categorização da população em diferentes grupos de raça e classe, e a mensuração da segregação residencial entre cada um desses grupos por meio de técnicas amplamente empregadas. Os resultados apontam que São Paulo e Salvador se enquadram bem no padrão postulado, com evidentes diferenciais raciais nas localizações residenciais. Já Fortaleza apresenta menores níveis de segregação racial e maior prevalência da segregação por classe social. O artigo enseja um maior aprofundamento da pesquisa sobre aspectos raciais da segregação e uma ampliação dos estudos comparativos.
Additive Risk Model, Aalen's
Authors: Putter Hein , McKeague Ian
Published: February 2023

The additive risk model, also known as additive hazards model, was introduced by Odd Aalen as an alternative for Cox's proportional hazards model. The effect of covariates on the hazard is assumed to be additive rather than multiplicative. The model is extremely flexible and naturally allows time‐dependent effects of the covariates. It is especially useful for exploratory analysis or when the proportional hazards assumption is in doubt. This contribution discusses the model itself, as well as estimation, either by ordinary least squares or maximum likelihood, diagnostics, and related models.