bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desempeño cognitivo y rendimiento académico: ¿cómo confluyen familia y escuela?
Authors: Filipa Alves Ana , Assis Gomes Cristiano Mauro , Martins Ana , Da Silva Almeida Leandro
Published: February 2018

Los niños ingresan en el Sistema Educativo con diferentes experiencias escolares, alcanzando también diferentes niveles de aprendizaje y resultados escolares. En este estudio, nuestra pretensión es comprender el impacto de la familia y de la escuela en el desempeño cognitivo y el rendimiento académico de los niños durante la educación primaria. La muestra se compone de 406 niños portugueses de preescolar y del 1° ciclo de Educación Primaria, con edades comprendidas entre los 4 y los 10 años. Por medio de modelo completo de ecuaciones estructurales, se observa que la variable latente familia (nivel de escolaridad y nivel socioeconómico) y la variable latente escuela (comunidad y tipo de escuela) tienen un impacto significativo en el rendimiento académico. No obstante, solo la familia presenta un impacto significativo en el desempeño cognitivo. Estos resultados sugieren que el impacto de la escuela en el cociente de inteligencia no es tan relevante en los primeros años o niveles escolares, donde la familia presenta mayor explicación de la varianza.
Variables Psicológicas Moduladoras de la Autodefinición del Perfil en Procesos de Acoso Escolar: El papel del género y el curriculum escolar
Authors: García Jesús , Orellana Mª del Carmen
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se estudia el efecto de las interacciones entre el género y el tipo de currículum escolar (adaptado-no adaptado a las necesidades del estudiante) y una serie de variables que describen la conducta violenta escolar. Se aplicó una batería de cuestionarios que incluía pruebas de conducta pro y antisocial, impulsividad y empatía. La muestra estaba formada por 295 estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria (44% varones). Para comprobar los efectos de las interacciones se aplicaron una serie de Manovas intersujetos. Los resultados revelan que el currículo no tiene efectos significativos en ninguna variable dependiente, por lo que no parece ser un factor modulador de la violencia escolar. Sí lo son la tipología de la violencia, el papel adoptado ante el acoso y la opinión sobre las víctimas y las peleas. El género aparece como un factor relevante en la tipología de la violencia y la opinión sobre víctimas y peleas. Las chicas resultan ser más empáticas y prosociales, mientras que los varones son más impulsivos y se sienten más aislados.Palabras clave: Acoso escolar, conducta antisocial, conducta prosocial, currículum académico, diferencias de género.
Contribución para la validación de la Escala de relaciones entre estudiantes-profesores (STRS versión italiana) en el entorno educativo italiano.
Authors: Fraire Michela , Longobardi Claudio , Sclavo Erica
Published: February 2018

La calidad de la relación maestro-alumno es un tema de investigación relativamente reciente, tanto en el contexto nacional, como en el ámbito internacional. Nuestro objetivo es desarrollar y validar el cuestionario Student-Teacher Relationship Scale, instrumento que se propone valorar la calidad de la relación maestro-alumno desde el punto de vista del maestro. La finalidad es, por lo tanto, descubrir la aplicabilidad del instrumento al contexto italiano, analizando las cualidades psicométricas de la escala. Gracias al uso del STRS, es posible localizar estilos relacionales específicos entre el maestro y el alumno. El cuestionario se presenta como un instrumento útil para los maestros y para los que trabajan en el campo educativo.Palabras clave: Relación maestro-alumno, STRS, contextos escolares, test.
Insatisfacción laboral y burnout en profesores de secundaria: las conductas y/o actitudes problemáticas de los estudiantes y el manejo del conflicto a examen.
Authors: Otero-López José M. , Castro Cristina , Villardefrancos Estíbaliz , Santiago María J.
Published: February 2018

En las últimas décadas existe un importante consenso, entre teóricos e investigadores, acerca del protagonismo, que tanto las conductas y/o actitudes problemáticas de los alumnos, como la percepción del docente, de la dificultad para manejar los conflictos, tienen en el malestar laboral de los profesores. No obstante, existen muy pocos esfuerzos empíricos encaminados a clarificar cuáles son los determinantes que, desde estos dos frentes, adquieren un mayor protagonismo en este fenómeno. Así, el propósito de esta investigación es, a partir de una muestra de 1.386 profesores de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, identificar qué conductas y/o actitudes problemáticas de los alumnos y qué fuentes de tensión derivadas del manejo de conflictos, diferencian mejor entre docentes con distintos niveles de insatisfacción laboral y burnout. Los resultados permiten concluir que todas las variables diferencian válidamente en función de la insatisfacción y el burnout. En particular, aspectos tales como el tratar con padres de alumnos conflictivos o las conductas-problema de los alumnos (vandalismo en las instalaciones del centro, agresiones entre los alumnos, agresiones verbales y actitudes desafiantes hacia el docente) inciden en las tres facetas del burnout.Palabras clave: Insatisfacción laboral, burnout, profesores secundaria.
La educación emocional en el contexto escolar con alumnado de distintos países
Authors: Peña Ana M. , Canga Mª Carmen
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se aportan datos descriptivos de los resultados de un estudio sobre necesidades educativas emocionales en sujetos escolarizados en Centros Públicos de la Autonomía de Asturias. La muestra está constituida por 104 sujetos de 6º Curso de Educación Primaria de los cuales 78 son españoles y 26 inmigrantes de distintas nacionalidades y diferentes culturas. Las aportaciones del estudio se dirigen hacia: a) La identificación de sujetos con carencias emocionales; b) La valoración global del grupo-clase; c) Comprobar si se dan diferencias significativas entre grupos de sujetos de una misma edad y en un mismo contexto educativo. Los resultados que se desprenden de las dimensiones que mide el cuestionario “Educación Emocional”, facilitan la identificación de los sujetos con necesidades emocionales, proporcionan una visión global de grupo-clase y permiten conocer si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos (españoles e inmigrantes) y el género (varones y mujeres).Palabras clave: Educación emocional, dimensiones emocionales, valoración de necesidades emocionales, culturas diferentes.
Bullying y factores de riesgo para la salud en estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Méndez Inmaculada , Cerezo Fuensanta
Published: February 2018

La convivencia entre escolares se está convirtiendo en un grave problema en nuestras aulas. Los docentes tienen serios problemas para hacer frente a conductas perturbadoras entre los estudiantes (agresiones verbales y físicas, consumo de drogas, etc.). Por otra parte, los estudios apuntan que el consumo de drogas forma parte de la vida de muchos adolescentes, considerando que estamos ante una “normalización” de su consumo. El objetivo de nuestra investigación es indagar las posibles asociaciones entre los implicados en bullying y la realización de determinadas conductas de riesgo para la salud (por ejemplo, consumo de sustancias adictivas). Sobre una muestra de 886 estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, se administraron los instrumentos de evaluación siguientes: el Test BULL-S y una encuesta elaborada ah hoc sobre conductas de riesgo para la salud. Los resultados indican que el 20.8% están implicados en bullying en sus distintos roles. Entre las variables seleccionadas, los agresores destacan en: consumo de tabaco y de alcohol así como en otras conductas que implican un alto riesgo para la salud.
Estilos educativos paternos y estrategias de aprendizaje en alumnos de Educación Secundaria
Authors: Cerezo Mª Teresa , Casanova Pedro F. , De la Torre Manuel J. , Carpio Mª de la Villa
Published: February 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en determinar cómo los estilos educativos paternos inciden sobre la utilización de estrategias de aprendizaje autorregulado de un grupo de estudiantes de Educación Secundaria y cómo dichas estrategias, a su vez, influyen sobre el rendimiento académico. Cuatrocientos setenta y ocho estudiantes de educación secundaria obligatoria, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 16 años, formaron parte de esta investigación. Para la evaluación de los estilos educativos paternos se elaboró una escala y la medición de las estrategias de aprendizaje autorregulado se llevó a cabo mediante el Inventario de Estrategias de aprendizaje y Estudio LASSI. Además se tuvieron en cuenta las calificaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes en tres asignaturas en el curso anterior. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cómo aquellos alumnos cuyos padres son clasificados como democráticos y como permisivos utilizan en mayor medida estrategias de aprendizaje autorregulado si los comparamos con los estudiantes cuyos padres son clasificados como autoritarios y negligentes. Además, se ha podido constatar cómo este aprendizaje autorregulado incide positivamente sobre el logro académico de los alumnos.
La Inteligencia Exitosa: Un Modelo para evaluar la Inteligencia más allá de los test de Cociente Intelectual (CI)
Authors: Sternberg Robert J.
Published: February 2018

Las pruebas estandarizadas convencionales, evalúan sólo una muestra de las amplias habilidades requeridas para conseguir éxito en la escuela y en la vida. En contraste, la teoría aumentada de la inteligencia exitosa afirma, que la inteligencia implica habilidades creativas en la producción de nuevas ideas, habilidades analíticas para evaluar si las ideas son buenas, habilidades prácticas para implementar las ideas en la práctica y para convencer a otras personas sobre el valor de las ideas, y habilidades basadas en la sabiduría para confirmar que uno está utilizando sus conocimientos y habilidades para servir a un bien común. Se crearon tres proyectos para evaluar la teoría respecto al acceso a la universidad. En primer lugar, el Proyecto Rainbow (Arco Iris) demostró que la predicción del primer año de rendimiento académico en la universidad se podría aumentar; al mismo tiempo, se puede conseguir la disminución de diferencias entre los grupos étnicos en una evaluación predictiva, en comparación con la prueba de acceso a la Universidad. En segundo lugar, el Proyecto Caleidoscopio, mejoró la predicción del rendimiento académico y extracurricular en comparación con los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos en las pruebas de acceso a la Universidad, pero las diferencias entre los grupos étnicos que se obtienen habitualmente, desaparecieron. En tercer lugar, el Proyecto Panorama mostró el éxito de técnicas similares, en una población menos selectiva (es decir, de menos éxito académico). Los proyectos demuestran que la aplicación de la teoría de la inteligencia exitosa aumentada mejora los procedimientos de acceso a la universidad.
Analisis tentang Tingkat Pendapatan Usahatani Padi dan Mendong serta Kontribusinya terhadap Pendapatan Keluarga, di Kecamatan Minggir Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Jemadi Jemadi , Hidayati Siti Noor
Published: February 2018

Analysis research on earnings level of rice and herb farmer business and its contribution towards family earnings in Minggir District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta would analyse ranging from farmer’s business characteristics, production factors earnings average towards production yield, average of earnings difference of rice farmer and grass business, and how much earnings contribution of rice/herb farmer business towards farmer family earnings.
Analisis Pengaruh Ratio Keuangan dengan Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Properti di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Dwiyanto Bambang Sugeng
Published: February 2018

Bankcruptcy is a very important problem, in which every company should be aware of. It is very important to detect the signs of the coming bankruptcy of the company as soon as possible in order to take effective action to avoid it. One popular model to do so is Z-score, a statistical model to predict bankruptcy based on company financial performance. This paper deals with the analysis of the financial performance of property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. However, in previous research it was found that there is no strong correlation between the companies financial performance with their stock prices, thus encouraging further research. In this research, the analysis focused on the influence of the financial ratio-ratio (X1) Ratio net working capital / total assets, (X2) Ratio of retained earnings / total assets, (X3) Ratio of earnings before interest and taxes / total assets, (X4) Ratio of market value equity / book value of total debt, and (X5) Total sales / Total assets) to the stock price. Apparently based on classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis, coefficient of determination, and F-Test , it was found that there is no significant effect between the financial value of ratio-ratio simultaneously with their stock prices, and the ratio of total sales / total assets is the most dominant variable influence.
Basic Leadership Training bagi Mahasiswa dengan Pendekatan Social Learning Theory
Authors: Yudhawati Dian , Shinta Arundati
Published: February 2018

Being a good leader is a result of learning. A good leader criterion in most of people’s head is either success in completing organizational tasks or beloved by most of members. That criterion is really difficult to be learned and then be internalized. Based on the social learning theory, one learns to be a leader through observation process as the first step. In daily activity, there are many leaders but only certain leader who is observed about his or her behaviors in detail. That observed leader usually success in completing organizational tasks and also beloved by his or her members. After observation, the next process is memorizing those behaviors. The next stage is trying to produce those behaviors. This third step can be achieved through leadership training. In that training, one is motivated to produce and imitate those behaviors. After training, one can practice the new leadership behaviors in daily activity if he or she receives behavior reinforcements. Because of those reinforcements, the new leadership behaviors will be his or her good habits. Actually, in that leadership training, one can learn either being a good leader or good member. Being a good member, one should be able to inspire either other members or leader. He or she should not be a problem source but a solution source.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pengembangan Kapasitas dalam Penanggulangan Kemiskinan melalui PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan
Authors: Dwiyanto Bambang Sugeng , Jemadi Jemadi
Published: February 2018

Community empowerment is an attempt to make people become empowered through learning efforts so that they are able to manage and be responsible for development programs in the community. Learning is implemented in a series of community development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the process of community empowerment in PNPM Urban activities in terms of aspects Sastrodirjan village community development, with the goal of research is to assess the implementation of community development, assessing public attitudes and perspectives on community empowerment and assess the degree of empowerment. The approach in this research is deductive method of qualitative analysis and quantitative descriptive . Results reveal that the capacity of community development activities in the village Sastrodirjan has been implemented in accordance with the principles of empowerment and have managed to change the level of public awareness and increase understanding of the role of development in their communities. The findings obtained are changes in public awareness of the respondents did not relate to age, level of education and its role in PNPM, but having a relationship with sex, where the role and involvement of women is still low and not enough to support optimal development at the community level.
Penguatan Kapasitas Kelembagaan Kelompok PEW untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Kurniyati Yuli
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze institutional capacity the PEW Group Members, and analyzing institutional performance, and formulate strategies and institutional capacity building programs in the PEW Group of local economic development in the city of Yogyakarta. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. Data collection techniques used are: observation, documentation studies, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. Assessment strategies in the analysis of this problem using the Logical Framework Analysis . Repayment rates in Sub Pringgokusuman PEW group 76% (25 groups) are classified as current, 12% classified as substandard, and there are 4 groups (12%) were classified as jammed. Judging from the direction of development of the group based on the performance aspects of the organization, administration, financing, production and rooting business. There are 18 (54.55%) groups were included in the growth category, and 15 (45.45%) group included in the category of development, while the group in the category are not independent. Formulation of institutional capacity strengthening program group includes: 1) Improvement Skills Productive Economic Business Members, 2) Strengthening Institutions Norm, 3) Administrative Arrangement group, and 4) Increased Capital to expand cooperative network.
Pengaruh Burnout terhadap Kecerdasan Emosional, Self-Efficacy, dan Kinerja Dokter Muda di Rumah Sakit Dr. Soebandi
Authors: Imaniar Raden Roro Lidia , Sularso R. Andi
Published: February 2018

The Effect Of Burnout On Emotional Intelligence, Self-Efficacy, And Co-Assistant Performance In dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember.The purpose of the studi was to examine and explain (1) the effect of burnout on co-assistant performance; (2) the effect of burnout on emotional intelligence; (3) the effect of burnout on self-efficacy; (4) the effect of emotional intelligence on co-assistant performance; and (5) the effect of selfefficacy on co-assistant performance.The sampel of this study consisted of 94 coassistant in dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember. Sample was chosen based on porpusive random sampling technique. Questionnaire was the main instrument to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive analyses employing Partial Least Square (PLS).The findings in this study is (1) burnout has a significant and negative effect coassistant performance; (2) burnout has a significant and positive effect on emotional intelligence; (3) burnout has a non-significant and positive effect on self-efficacy; (4) emotional intelligence has a significant and positive effect on co-assistant performance; and (5) self-efficacy has a significant and positive effect on co-assistant performance.
Tingkat Kepuasan Wisatawan Domestik terhadap Candi Prambanan dan Ratu Boko di Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Jemadi Jemadi , Dwiyanto Bambang Sugeng
Published: February 2018

This study will analyze the level of satisfaction of domestic tourists to Prambanan and Ratu Boko temple for services and facilities provided by Prambanan and Ratu Boko temple to domestic tourists consisting of entrance fee, temple beauty, service, security, and promotion from Prambanan temple And Ratu Boko who can make the tourists feel satisfied that encourages the desire to return again on another occasion. The population in this study were all visitors of Prambanan Temple and Ratu Boko Temple in Sleman District of Yogyakarta Special Region, and samples taken 100 people by using Accidental Sampling Method in sampling, that is make the sample of people who by chance found in the place of research. In this research showed that the level of satisfaction of domestic tourists to the temple of prambanan and queens boko based on entrance fee 3.72 (satisfied); The beauty of temple 4.40 (very satisfied); Service 3,50 (satisfied); Security 3.55 (satisfied); 3.20 promotion (less satisfied). In general, the satisfaction level is in the satisfied category because the mean value of aritmatic is 3.674 (satisfied). While the most dominant factor contributing to the level of domestic tourist satisfaction of prambanan temple and queens boko in Prambanan Sleman Yogyakarta is the beauty with arithmetic mean value 4.40 (very satisfied).
Analisis Kinerja Pegawai guna Menunjang Kinerja Organisasi dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Masyarakat
Authors: Hidayati Siti Noor , Syamyudi Syamyudi
Published: February 2018

Employee of UPTD PKB Dinas Perhubkominfo Kabupaten Sleman in providing services of motor vehicle testing must meet the criteria as contained in the SK MENPAN No.63/2003 covering six criterias that are service procedure, service time, service cost, service product, infrastructure, and competence of service provider. Consumer satisfaction of the application of motor vehicles testing measured with five characteristics, that are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results of this research indicate that performance of employee in service will support organizational performance significanly (Z-test). The variables of organizational performance (service procedure, service time, service cost, service product, infrastructure, and competence of service provider) have an effect to increase consumer satisfaction of the application of motor vehicles test, partially (t-test) and also simultaneously (F-test). In this research, the dominant effect of customer satisfaction to organizational performance is infrastructure.
Dampak Dilakukannya Pengurangan Tenaga Kerja: Pengaruh Job Insecurity terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dengan Aspek Demografis sebagai Variabel Moderator
Authors: Kurniawan Yafet Eko , Arsanti Tutuk Ari
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to describe the effect of job insecurity on job satisfaction and demographic aspects as moderator variables. Demographics such as gender and age of past research showed that women have a higher job insecurity than men and also with age, the less employees feel a threat to their jobs. Quantitative methods through a survey used in this study. The results showed that job insecurity influence on job satisfaction, gender and age moderated the effect of job insecurity on job satisfaction.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Autisme Pada Anak Berbasis Android
Authors: Nurhakim Nurhakim , Handayanna Frisma , Rinawati Rinawati
Published: February 2018

Autism is a developmental disorder in children that causes child is difficult do communicte and interact socially. An expert system identification and treatment of autistic children based on android has not been widely applied, ussually only done manually based on the identification of a Psychologist assessment. Identification expert system is expected to assist in the identification of children with autism are much faster and accurate approach using data from Psychologists and special needs teachers. Knowledge in the expert system is represented in the form of rules and methods of reasoning and used method of trace forward chaining. Output on a system such as whether Three si The possibility of autism in child based on facts bor symptoms given to the system. The test results shaw that the system of identification Ana treatment of autistic children to help in the identification of children with autism and provide general description of the autistic child. In addition, there is also general information on children with autism and theirs methods of theraphy for children with autism in accordance with the conditions of the child.
Observation of Arteria Thyroidea Ima in Bangladeshi People: A Postmortem Study
Authors: Banna Fakhrul Amin Mohammad Hasanul , Sultana Zakia
Published: February 2018

Background: The thyroid is a brownish red, earliest endocrine gland in mammals. The blood flow to the thyroid gland is very high. The thyroid derives its arterial blood supply from three vessels; of these, the superior and inferior thyroid arteries are fairly constant. The third artery, the thyroidea ima, is an inconstant vessel. Diseases of thyroid may need surgical intervention.This study aims to find out the presence of the arteria thyroidea ima and its origin in Bangladeshi people.Objective: The present study was carried out on considering the day-to-day growing clinical importance, and insufficient morphological data and arterial supply by thyroidea ima artery of thyroid gland and possible geographical variations in Bangladeshi people. This study will also help in minimizing complications of thyroid surgery and tracheostomy.Materials and Methods: This descriptive crosssectional study was carried out on 54 postmortem human thyroid glands collected from individuals aged 5 to 65 years. Thyroid glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies autopsied in the morgue of Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet. The collected specimens were examined by careful gross dissection method.Results: Thyroidea ima artery was present in 3.70% cases, which originated equally from brachiocephalic trunk and arch of aorta.Conclusion: Presence of this artery must be searched out during thyroid surgery and tracheostomy.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(1): 25-28
Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Fatema Kanij , Rahman Md Mizanur , Akter Shaheen , Begum Suraiya , Islam Md Tanvir
Published: February 2018

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare disorder which presents before 18 months of age characterized by repeated attacks of hemiplegia involving either side of the body, paroxysmal disturbances,developmental delay and learning disability. The cause of AHC remains largely unknown and treatment evidence is less available. AHC is unreported in Bangladeshi literature. We report two cases of AHC. Our first case is a 16-month-old girl who presented with hemiplegia in alternate side for four episodes. She also had abnormal body movement and irritability during awakening. Every episode subsided spontaneously after 2 to 5 days. All investigations were normal except iron deficiency anemia. She was treated with flunarizine. Our second case, a 7 year and 10 month-old boy presented with recurrent alternate hemiplegia since 3½ years of age with epilepsy. His attacks were precipitated in high temperature. His EEG was abnormal. He was treated with multiple antiepileptic drugs and flunarizine. These are first two cases reported from Bangladesh. AHC remains undiagnosed in many cases. So a detailed history and diagnostic evaluation is very important for early counseling and treatment.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(1): 46-49
Ever Wondered What Playing Video Games Does to Your Brain?
Authors: Bavelier Daphne
Published: February 2018

Children today interact with media an average of 7 hours a day, every day including weekends. That is more than the weekly time adults spend at work. What is the impact of so much media consumption? Research in this field is still in its infancy, but an emerging field on video game and the brain suggests that we are in for some surprises.
Robust Control Design for Quad Tilt-Wing UAV
Authors: Masuda Kai , Uchiyama Kenji
Published: February 2018

This paper describes the design method of a flight control system of a Quad Tilt-Wing (QTW) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). A QTW-UAV is necessary to design a controller considering its nonlinear dynamics because of the appearance of the nonlinearity during transition flight between hovering and level flight. A design method of a flight control system using Dynamic Inversion (DI) that is one of linearization method has been proposed for the UAV. However, the design method based on an accurate model has a possibility of deterioration of control performance and system stability. Therefore, we propose a flight control system that considers uncertainties such as modeling error and disturbances by applying an H-infinity controller to the linearized system. The validity of the proposed control system is verified through numerical simulation and experiment.
Factors Affecting the Pharmacology of Antibody–Drug Conjugates
Authors: Lucas Andrew , Price Lauren , Schorzman Allison , Storrie Mallory , Piscitelli Joseph , Razo Juan , Zamboni William
Published: February 2018

Major advances in therapeutic proteins, including antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), have created revolutionary drug delivery systems in cancer over the past decade. While these immunoconjugate agents provide several advantages compared to their small-molecule counterparts, their clinical use is still in its infancy. The considerations in their development and clinical use are complex, and consist of multiple components and variables that can affect the pharmacologic characteristics. It is critical to understand the mechanisms employed by ADCs in navigating biological barriers and how these factors affect their biodistribution, delivery to tumors, efficacy, and toxicity. Thus, future studies are warranted to better understand the complex pharmacology and interaction between ADC carriers and biological systems, such as the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and tumor microenvironment. This review provides an overview of factors that affect the pharmacologic profiles of ADC therapies that are currently in clinical use and development.
Monitoring and Prediction of Traffic Noise in Large Urban Areas
Authors: Zambon Giovanni , Roman Hector Eduardo , Smiraglia Maura , Benocci Roberto
Published: February 2018

Dynamap, a co-financed project by the European Commission through the Life+ 2013 program, aims at developing a dynamic approach for noise mapping that is capable of updating environmental noise levels through a direct link with a limited number of noise monitoring terminals. Dynamap is based on the idea of finding a suitable set of roads that display similar traffic noise behavior (temporal noise profile over an entire day) so that one can group them together into a single noise map. Each map thus represents a group of road stretches whose traffic noise will be updated periodically, typically every five minutes during daily hours and every hour during night. The information regarding traffic noise will be taken continuously from a small number of monitoring stations (typically 24) appropriately distributed over the urban zone of interest. To achieve this goal, we have performed a detailed analysis of traffic noise data, recorded every second from 93 monitoring stations randomly distributed over the entire urban area of the City of Milan. Our results are presented for a restricted area, the urban Zone 9 of Milan. We have separated the entire set of (about 2000) stretches into six groups, each one represented by a noise map, and gave a prescription for the locations of the future 24 monitoring stations. From our analysis, it is estimated that the mean overall error for each group of stretches (noise map), averaged over the 24 h, is about 2 dB.
Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Free-Standing Films for Thermal Management: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Gong Feng , Li Hao , Wang Wenbin , Xia Dawei , Liu Qiming , Papavassiliou Dimitrios , Xu Ziqiang
Published: February 2018

Thermal management in microelectronic devices has become a crucial issue as the devices are more and more integrated into micro-devices. Recently, free-standing graphene films (GFs) with outstanding thermal conductivity, superb mechanical strength, and low bulk density, have been regarded as promising materials for heat dissipation and for use as thermal interfacial materials in microelectronic devices. Recent studies on free-standing GFs obtained via various approaches are reviewed here. Special attention is paid to their synthesis method, thermal conductivity, and potential applications. In addition, the most important factors that affect the thermal conductivity are outlined and discussed. The scope is to provide a clear overview that researchers can adopt when fabricating GFs with improved thermal conductivity and a large area for industrial applications.
Efficient Power Scheduling in Smart Homes Using Hybrid Grey Wolf Differential Evolution Optimization Technique with Real Time and Critical Peak Pricing Schemes
Authors: Naz Muqaddas , Iqbal Zafar , Javaid Nadeem , Khan Zahoor , Abdul Wadood , Almogren Ahmad , Alamri Atif
Published: February 2018

With the emergence of automated environments, energy demand by consumers is increasing rapidly. More than 80% of total electricity is being consumed in the residential sector. This brings a challenging task of maintaining the balance between demand and generation of electric power. In order to meet such challenges, a traditional grid is renovated by integrating two-way communication between the consumer and generation unit. To reduce electricity cost and peak load demand, demand side management (DSM) is modeled as an optimization problem, and the solution is obtained by applying meta-heuristic techniques with different pricing schemes. In this paper, an optimization technique, the hybrid gray wolf differential evolution (HGWDE), is proposed by merging enhanced differential evolution (EDE) and gray wolf optimization (GWO) scheme using real-time pricing (RTP) and critical peak pricing (CPP). Load shifting is performed from on-peak hours to off-peak hours depending on the electricity cost defined by the utility. However, there is a trade-off between user comfort and cost. To validate the performance of the proposed algorithm, simulations have been carried out in MATLAB. Results illustrate that using RTP, the peak to average ratio (PAR) is reduced to 53.02%, 29.02% and 26.55%, while the electricity bill is reduced to 12.81%, 12.012% and 12.95%, respectively, for the 15-, 30- and 60-min operational time interval (OTI). On the other hand, the PAR and electricity bill are reduced to 47.27%, 22.91%, 22% and 13.04%, 12%, 11.11% using the CPP tariff.
Historic Frequency and Severity of Fire in Whitebark Pine Forests of the Cascade Mountain Range, USA
Authors: Murray Michael , Siderius Joel
Published: February 2018

Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) is a foundation species of high elevation forest ecosystems in the Cascade Mountain Range of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. We examined fire evidence on 55 fire history sites located in the Cascade Range. To estimate dates of historic fires we analyzed 57 partial cross-sections from fire-scarred trees plus 700 increment cores. The resulting 101 fire events indicate fire has been a widespread component of Cascadian whitebark pine stands. Results are site specific and vary considerably. Whitebark pine stands appear to burn in a variety of severities and frequencies. Sites where fire intervals were detected ranged from 9 to 314 years, with a median of 49 years, and averaging 67 years. Fire intervals shortened significantly with higher latitudes. In assessing the most recent fire event at each site, overall, 56 percent burned as stand replacing events. In the 20th century, the number of fires diminished significantly. Due to conservation imperatives, re-introducing fire should be undertaken with extreme care to avoid substantial mortality of this endangered species.
Galactic Structures from Gravitational Radii
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , Borka Duško , Borka Jovanović Vesna , Jovanović Predrag
Published: February 2018

We demonstrate that the existence of a Noether symmetry in f ( R ) theories of gravity gives rise to an additional gravitational radius, besides the standard Schwarzschild one, determining the dynamics at galactic scales. By this feature, it is possible to explain the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation and the rotation curve of gas-rich galaxies without the dark matter hypothesis. Furthermore, under the same standard, the Fundamental Plane of elliptical galaxies can be addressed.
A Heterogeneous Distributed Virtual Geographic Environment—Potential Application in Spatiotemporal Behavior Experiments
Authors: Shen Shen , Gong Jianhua , Liang Jianming , Li Wenhang , Zhang Dong , Huang Lin , Zhang Guoyong
Published: February 2018

Due to their strong immersion and real-time interactivity, helmet-mounted virtual reality (VR) devices are becoming increasingly popular. Based on these devices, an immersive virtual geographic environment (VGE) provides a promising method for research into crowd behavior in an emergency. However, the current cheaper helmet-mounted VR devices are not popular enough, and will continue to coexist with personal computer (PC)-based systems for a long time. Therefore, a heterogeneous distributed virtual geographic environment (HDVGE) could be a feasible solution to the heterogeneous problems caused by various types of clients, and support the implementation of spatiotemporal crowd behavior experiments with large numbers of concurrent participants. In this study, we developed an HDVGE framework, and put forward a set of design principles to define the similarities between the real world and the VGE. We discussed the HDVGE architecture, and proposed an abstract interaction layer, a protocol-based interaction algorithm, and an adjusted dead reckoning algorithm to solve the heterogeneous distributed problems. We then implemented an HDVGE prototype system focusing on subway fire evacuation experiments. Two types of clients are considered in the system: PC, and all-in-one VR. Finally, we evaluated the performances of the prototype system and the key algorithms. The results showed that in a low-latency local area network (LAN) environment, the prototype system can smoothly support 90 concurrent users consisting of PC and all-in-one VR clients. HDVGE provides a feasible solution for studying not only spatiotemporal crowd behaviors in normal conditions, but also evacuation behaviors in emergency conditions such as fires and earthquakes. HDVGE could also serve as a new means of obtaining observational data about individual and group behavior in support of human geography research.
Examining the Association of Economic Development with Intercity Multimodal Transport Demand in China: A Focus on Spatial Autoregressive Analysis
Authors: Zhao Jinbao , Guo Dong , Wang Jian , Yang Zhao , Zhang Hefang
Published: February 2018

Transportation is generally perceived as a catalyst for economic development. This has been highlighted in previous studies. However, less attention has been paid to examine the relationship between economy and transport demand by exploring spatially cross-sectional data, especially for countries with significant regional economic imbalance, like China. In this article, we assess the economic influence of intercity multimodal transport demand at the prefecture level in China. Spatial autoregressive regression models are used to examine the impact of transport demand on economy by deep analysis of transport modes (land, air, and water) and regions (eastern, central, and western). Through contrasting results from spatial lag model and spatial error model with those from the ordinary least square, this study finds that the estimation results can become more accurate by controlling for spatial autocorrelation, especially at the national level. Through rigorous analysis it is identified that except for water passenger traffic, all other intercity transport demand significantly contribute to a city’s economic development level in gross domestic product. In particular, air transport demands distribute more evenly and are estimated with the highest beta coefficients at both national and regional levels. In addition, the beta coefficients for land, air and water transportation are estimated with different magnitudes and significances at the national and regional levels. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on the relationship between intercity multimodal transport demand and economic development level. Findings from this paper provide planning makers with valid and efficient strategies to better develop the economy by leveraging the special “⊣” cluster pattern of economic development and the benefits of air transportation.
Complex Epigenetic Regulation of Chemotherapy Resistance and Biology in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via MicroRNAs
Authors: Lindner Kirsten , Eichelmann Ann-Kathrin , Matuszcak Christiane , Hussey Damian , Haier Jörg , Hummel Richard
Published: February 2018

Background: Resistance towards chemotherapy is a major obstacle in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We investigated the role of specific microRNAs in chemotherapy resistance and tumor biology. Methods: We selected three microRNAs from characteristic microRNA signatures of resistant ESCC (hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-130a-3p, hsa-miR-1226-3p), and hsa-miR-148a-3p. Effects on chemotherapy, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed in six ESCC cell lines. Target analyses were performed using Western blotting and luciferase techniques. Results: MiR-130a-3p sensitized cells towards cisplatin in 100% of cell lines, miR-148a-3p in 83%, miR-125a-5p in 67%, miR-1226-3p in 50% (p ≤ 0.04). MiR-130a-3p sensitized 83% of cell lines towards 5-FU, miR-148a-3p/miR-125a-5p/miR-1226-3p only 33% (p ≤ 0.015). Several resistance-relevant pathways seem to be targeted on various levels. Bcl-2 was confirmed as a direct target of miR-130a-3p and miR-148a-3p, and p53 as a target of miR-125a-5p. All microRNAs decreased migration and adhesion, except miR-130a-3p, and increased apoptosis. Simultaneous manipulation of two microRNAs exhibited additive sensitizing effects towards cisplatin in 50% (miR-125a-5p/miR-148a-3p), and 75% (miR-148a-3p/miR-130a-3p) of cell lines (p ≤ 0.006). Conclusion: Our data present strong evidence that specific microRNA signatures are responsible for drug resistance and aggressiveness of ESCC. Final functional readout of these complex processes appears to be more important than single microRNA-target interactions.
Interventional Left Atrial Appendage Closure Affects the Metabolism of Acylcarnitines
Authors: Fastner Christian , Behnes Michael , Sartorius Benjamin , Wenke Annika , Lang Siegfried , Yücel Gökhan , Sattler Katherine , Rusnak Jonas , Saleh Ahmad , Barth Christian , Mashayekhi Kambis , Hoffmann Ursula , Borggrefe Martin , Akin Ibrahim
Published: February 2018

Background: Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) represents the interventional alternative to oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). The metabolism of acylcarnitines was shown to affect cardiovascular diseases. This study evaluates the influence of successful LAAC on the metabolism of acylcarnitines. Methods: Patients undergoing successful LAAC were enrolled prospectively. Peripheral blood samples for metabolomics measurements were collected immediately before (i.e., index) and six months after LAAC (i.e., mid-term). A targeted metabolomics analysis based on electrospray ionization–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (ESI–LC–MS/MS) and MS/MS measurements was performed. Results: 44 patients with non-valvular AF (median CHA2DS2-VASc score 4, median HAS-BLED score 4) and successful LAAC were included. Significant changes in acylcarnitine levels were found in the total cohort, which were mainly attributed to patients with impaired left ventricular and renal function, elevated amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and diabetes mellitus. Adjusted multivariable regression models revealed significant changes of five metabolites over mid-term follow-up: C2, C14:1, C16, and C18:1 decreased significantly (each p < 0.05); short-chain C5 acylcarnitine plasma levels increased significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that successful LAAC affects the metabolism of acylcarnitines at mid-term follow-up. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02985463.
Perspective Insight into Future Potential Fusion Gene Transcript Biomarker Candidates in Breast Cancer
Authors: Kim Ryong , Moon Hyeong-Gon , Han Wonshik , Noh Dong-Young
Published: February 2018

Next generation sequencing has accelerated the discovery of a variety of new fusion gene types in clinical breast cancer samples by analyzing cancer genomes and transcriptomes. Although previous studies have focused on a few clinically validated oncogenic fusion genes as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in breast cancer, a perspective consideration has not been given thus far for a plethora of breast cancer fusion genes, which are being newly identified at an overwhelmingly increasing pace. In this perspective review, we discuss diverse fusion gene types recently identified in a variety of breast cancer subtypes, including breast clinical cancer samples in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. This perspective review will confer fresh and promising guidance onto breast cancer surgeons, clinical oncologists, and tumor biologists in determining research directions for seeking and developing novel fusion gene biomarkers for breast cancer diagnostics and therapeutic treatment in upcoming years.
Palladium Nanoparticles: Toxicological Effects and Potential Implications for Occupational Risk Assessment
Authors: Leso Veruscka , Iavicoli Ivo
Published: February 2018

The increasing technological applications of palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) and their consequent enhancing release into the community and occupational environments, have raised public health concerns regarding possible adverse effects for exposed subjects, and particularly for workers chronically and highly exposed to these materials, whose toxico-kinetic and dynamic behavior remains to be fully understood. Therefore, this review aimed to critically analyze literature data to achieve a more comprehensive knowledge on the toxicological profile of Pd-NPs. Results from available studies demonstrated the potential for these chemicals to affect the ecosystem function, to exert cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects in vitro as well as to induce early alterations in different target organs in in vivo models. However, our revision pointed out the need for future studies aimed to clarify the role of the NP physico-chemical properties in determining their toxicological behavior, as well as the importance to carry out investigations focused on environmental and biological monitoring to verify and validate experimental biomarkers of exposure and early effect in real exposure contexts. Overall, this may be helpful to support the definition of suitable strategies for the assessment, communication and management of Pd-NP occupational risks to protect the health and safety of workers.
PKC Proteins and Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Gobbi Giuliana , Galli Daniela , Carubbi Cecilia , Neri Luca , Masselli Elena , Pozzi Giulia , Vitale Marco , Mirandola Prisco
Published: February 2018

Protein Kinase Cs (PKCs) are a family of 10 isoenzymes with critical roles in cell physiological processes like proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis. Muscular dystrophies are a heterogenous group of genetic degenerative diseases that affect skeletal and cardiac muscles. In the development of muscular dystrophies, several transduction pathways have been studied. A possible link between muscular dystrophies and PKCs have been recently proposed. After a brief description of the possible transduction pathways that are involved in the development of these genetic diseases, we summarize recent evidence on the role of PKC proteins in muscular dystrophies, with the aim to review possible candidates in molecular therapy of these pathologies.