bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formalism, Experience, and the Making of American Literature in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Davis Theo
Published: December 2009

Theo Davis offers a fresh account of the emergence of a national literature in the United States. Taking American literature's universalism as an organising force that must be explained rather than simply exposed, she contends that Emerson, Hawthorne, and Stowe's often noted investigations of experience are actually based in a belief that experience is an abstract category governed by typicality, not the property of the individual subject. Additionally, these authors locate the form of the literary work in the domain of abstract experience, projected out of - not embodied in - the text. After tracing the emergence of these beliefs out of Scottish common sense philosophy and through early American literary criticism, Davis analyses how American authors' prose seeks to work an art of abstract experience. In so doing, she reconsiders the place of form in modern literary studies.
Universality and the Liar
Authors: Simmons Keith
Published: December 2009

This book is about one of the most baffling of all paradoxes – the famous Liar paradox. Suppose we say: 'We are lying now'. Then if we are lying, we are telling the truth; and if we are telling the truth we are lying. This paradox is more than an intriguing puzzle, since it involves the concept of truth. Thus any coherent theory of truth must deal with the Liar. Keith Simmons discusses the solutions proposed by medieval philosophers and offers his own solutions and in the process assesses other attempts to solve the paradox. Unlike such attempts, Simmons' 'singularity' solution does not abandon classical semantics and does not appeal to the kind of hierarchical view found in Barwise's and Etchemendy's The Liar. Moreover, Simmons' solution resolves the vexing problem of semantic universality – the problem of whether there are semantic concepts beyond the expressive reach of a natural language such as English.
The Ethics of Romanticism
Authors: Lockridge Laurence S.
Published: December 2009

In The Ethics of Romanticism Laurence Lockridge vigorously revives ethical criticism and at the same time brings to light the Romantics' profound engagement with ethical questions. He argues that a will to value is the pervasive motive of Romantic writers from Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge and De Quincey to Shelley, Hazlitt, Keats and Byron. They articulate a compelling ethics that has had a significant influence on modern thought. Yet its character has never before been systematically explored within the larger contexts of European thought. Lockridge argues that a focus on the ethical dimension of literature is the single most powerful strategy for structuring a writer's work as a whole, and that it can even prove congenial. He gives original, interrelated readings of the eight major British Romantic writers. In discussing the place of ethical criticism in modern letters, he qualifies or refutes opposing views - conservative, Marxist, and deconstructive. His book gives strong evidence of one direction criticism might fruitfully take in future years.
Subjectivity and Subjugation in Seventeenth-Century Drama and Prose
Authors: Greenberg Mitchell
Published: December 2009

This 1992 book analyses the relation between an emergent modern subjectivity in seventeenth-century French literature, particularly in dramatic works, and the contemporaneous evolution of the absolutist state. It shows how major writers of the Classical period (Corneille, Racine, Moliere, Lafayette) elaborate a new subject in and through their representations of the family, and argues that the family serves as the mediating locus of a patriarchal ideology of sexual and political containment. Most importantly, it asks why the theatre became the privileged form of representation in this state, and why this theatre concentrates almost exclusively on family conflict. Professor Greenberg argues that the narrative of oedipal sexuality and subjugation central to this new literary canon reflected the conflicting social, political and economic forces that were shifting European society away from the universe of the Renaissance and guiding it towards the 'transparency' of Classical representation.
Chekhov in Performance
Authors: Styan J. L.
Published: December 2009

For a full understanding of any text, careful consideration must be given to its life in performance. In this rewarding study of four of Chekhov's major plays - Uncle Vanya, The Seagull, The Cherry Orchard and Three Sisters - J. L. Styan demonstrates the development of Chekhov's skills as a dramatist and discusses stage action, portrayal of character, differing twentieth-century productions and the audience reactions they evoked.
The Making and Unmaking of an Evangelical Mind
Authors: Nelson Rudolph
Published: December 2009

The first half of this book takes a biographical approach to its subject, examining Carnell's early life and education, while the second half of the book looks topically at the issues that shaped Carnell's career and, as the author proposes, may have led to his psychological undoing. Through the lens of Carnell's personal struggle, this book offers a provocative view into the larger cultural tensions, unleashed by new modes of secular thought, that challenged the framework of American religious life during the middle years of the twentieth century.
The Feminine Principle in the Sikh Vision of the Transcendent
Authors: Singh Nikky-Guninder Kaur
Published: December 2009

This work is a critical analysis of Sikh literature from a feminist perspective. It begins with Guru Nanak's vision of Transcendent Reality and concludes with the mystical journey of Rani Raj Kaur, the heroine of a modern Punjabi epic. The eight chapters of the book approach the Sikh vision of the Transcendent from historical, scriptural, symbolic, mythological, romantic, existential, ethical and mystical perspectives. Each of these discloses the centrality of the woman, and show convincingly that Sikh Gurus and poets did not want the feminine principle to serve merely as a figure of speech or literary device; it was intended rather to pervade the whole life of the Sikhs. The present work bolsters the claim that literary symbols should be translated into social and political realities, and in so doing puts a valuable feminist interpretation on a religious tradition which has remained relatively unexplored in scholarly literature.
Native Lords of Quito in the Age of the Incas
Authors: Salomon Frank
Published: December 2009

By the time of Columbus, the people of Ecuador's tropical highlands had created small but remarkably complex and interlinked political societies. These small societies for many years proved able to fight off the overwhelming might of the Inca state. But around 1500 they fell to Inca invaders who, in turn, soon lost their dominion to Spanish warlords. Frank Salomon draws on large stores of sources to reconstruct the political and economic institutions of pre-Inca societies. Their structure before and during the Inca interlude reveals diversity in the Andean world. Salomon provides remarkable insight into the functioning of these 'chiefdoms', emphasizing their importance for the understanding of rank, inequality, privilege and central power in stateless societies. He also contributes to our understanding of expansion, colonization, and the adaptive relationships between indigenous and imposed regimes in a context of precapitalist statecraft.
From the Circle of Alcuin to the School of Auxerre
Authors: Marenbon John
Published: December 2009

This study is the first modern account of the development of philosophy during the Carolingian Renaissance. In the late eighth century, Dr Marenbon argues, theologians were led by their enthusiasm for logic to pose themselves truly philosophical questions. The central themes of ninth-century philosophy - essence, the Aristotelian Categories, the problem of Universals - were to preoccupy thinkers throughout the Middle Ages. The earliest period of medieval philosophy was thus a formative one. This work is based on a fresh study of the manuscript sources. The thoughts of scholars such as Alcuin, Candidus, Fredegisus, Ratramnus of Corbie, John Scottus Eriugena and Heiric of Auxerre is examined in detail and compared with their sources; and a wide variety of evidence is used to throw light on the milieu in which these thinkers flourished. Full critical editions of an important body of early medieval philosophical material, much of it never before published, are included.
The Varangians of Byzantium
Authors: Benedikz Benedict
Published: December 2009

An aura of romance has clung about the Varangians for over six centuries. This book examines how the Norsemen came to be drawn into the Imperial service until the greatest of all the Emperors of the East, Basil II, formed them into the regiment of guards which was to give unique service to the Empire. It surveys the history of the regiment down to the collapse of High Byzantium in 1204 and traces the remnant of the Varangians to the very last day of the Empire in May 1453.
Catholic Royalism in the Department of the Gard 1814–1852
Authors: Fitzpatrick Brian
Published: December 2009

The Gard in southern France was the scene of extensive bloodshed in 1790, when opponents of the Revolution tried unsuccessfully to prevent change, and again in 1815, when they sought revenge through a carefully prepared White Terror. The revolutions of 1830 and 1848 also provoked violent conflict in the Gard, and even when the department appeared to enjoy tranquillity, political and social relations there were soured by intimidation and fear. This study shows how the royalist counter-revolutionaries were able to polarise opinion by emphasising the Protestantism of their opponents. Anti-Protestant sentiment, accentuated by the association of Protestants with the political and economic institutions of the Revolution and Empire, produced a counter-revolutionary movement in which local considerations predominated. The Catholic royalist leaders' ambition to achieve maximum autonomy for their particular royaume du Midi brought them into conflict not only with central government but also with their proclaimed loyalty to the Bourbons.
From Ostpolitik to Reunification
Authors: Pittman Avril
Published: December 2009

With the signing of the Moscow Treaty in 1970, West German-Soviet relations came to the forefront of world politics. Two decades later, the historic opening of the Berlin Wall and German reunification once again focused world attention on the Federal Republic's relations with the USSR. This book explores the development of this relationship from the perspective of West Germany. Dr Avril Pittman outlines the main events after the Second World War and then focuses on four issues central to this relationship in the 1970s and early 1980s. She explores family reunification and emigration rights for ethnic Germans living in the Soviet Union; the central role of Berlin and the reasons why the city persisted as a serious bilateral problem; the triangular relations between West Germany, the Soviet Union and East Germany; and the significance of the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan which led to a sharp deterioration in East-West relations.
Mongols and Mamluks
Authors: Amitai-Preiss Reuven
Published: December 2009

For sixty years, from 1260 to 1323, the Mamluk state in Egypt and Syria was at war with the Ilkhanid Mongols based in Persia. This is the first comprehensive study of the political and military aspects of the early years of the war, from the battle of 'Ayn Jalut in 1260 to the battle of Homs in 1281. In between these campaigns, the Mamluk-Ilkhanid struggle was continued in the manner of a 'cold war' with both sides involved in border skirmishes, diplomatic manoeuvres, and espionage. Here, as in the major battles, the Mamluks usually maintained the upper hand, establishing themselves as the foremost Muslim power at the time. By drawing on previously untapped Persian and Arabic sources, the author sheds new light on the confrontation, examining the war within the context of Mongol/Mamluk relations with the Byzantine Empire, the Latin West and the Crusading states.
Urban Notables and Arab Nationalism
Authors: Khoury Philip S.
Published: December 2009

No idea has captured the imagination or expressed the hopes of Arabs in the twentieth century as has Arab nationalism, and perhaps no subject has received so much attention from historians of the Middle East. But, while many historians have explored its intellectual sources, few have considered the social and political environment in which Arab nationalism evolved as an ideological movement. This study attempts to correct the imbalance and, in the process, provides a fascinating interpretation of the rise of the ideology of nationalism within the Arab world. The book focuses on the social and political life of the great notable families of Ottoman Damascus, who, before World War I, played a crucial part in translating the idea into political action. Dr Khoury explains how such long-term factors as the Ottoman reformation, European economic expansion and agrarian commercialization in Syria encouraged rival and socially differentiated networks of influential families to merge into a cohesive upper class. Under the umbrella of a reinvigorated Ottoman central authority, this class of landowners and bureaucrats produced a new urban leadership, which dominated local politics after 1860.
Squares
Authors: Rajwade A. R.
Published: December 2009

Many classical and modern results and quadratic forms are brought together in this book. The treatment is self-contained and of a totally elementary nature requiring only a basic knowledge of rings, fields, polynomials, and matrices, such that the works of Pfister, Hilbert, Hurwitz and others are easily accessible to non-experts and undergraduates alike. The author deals with many different approaches to the study of squares; from the classical works of the late 19th century, to areas of current research. Anyone with an interest in algebra or number theory will find this a most fascinating volume.
Formal Specification and Design
Authors: Feijs L. M. G. , Jonkers H. B. M.
Published: December 2009

Formal specification is a method for precisely modelling computer-based systems that combines concepts from software engineering and mathematical logic. In this book the authors describe algebraic and state-based specification techniques from the unified view of the Common Object-oriented Language for Design, COLD, a wide-spectrum language in the tradition of VDM and Z. The kernel language is explained in detail, with many examples, including: set representation, a display device, an INGRES-like database system, and a line editor. Fundamental techniques such as initial algebra semantics, loose semantics, partial functions, hiding, sharing, predicate and dynamic logic, abstraction functions, representation of invariants and black-box correctness are also presented. More advanced ideas, for example Horn logic, and large systems are given in the final part. Appendices contain full details of the language's syntax and a specification library. Techniques for software development and design are emphasised throughout, so the book will be an excellent choice for courses in these areas.
Pieces of Resistance
Authors: Goodheart Eugene
Published: December 2009

Pieces of Resistance is a 1988 collection of Eugene Goodheart's essays and reviews written between 1960 and 1985. The book responds to the political, cultural, and literary changes expressed during this period by novelists, critics, and journalists. Goodheart's book is divided into three parts. The first section discusses critics Trilling, Rahv, Leslie Fiedler, Geoffrey Hartman, David Bleich, and Susan Sontag - to name a few. The second part devotes itself to contemporary culture and includes essays on journals such as The New York Review of Books, Commentary, and The Evergreen Review, which in the 1960s and early 1970s provided a well-lit playground for various political, cultural, and literary themes. Finally, Goodheart examines the work of many modern writers with essays on Isaac Bashevis Singer, Daniel Fuchs, Ralph Ellison, Nadine Gordimer, V. S. Naipaul, Bernard Malamud, William Styron, Donald Barthelme, Raymond Carver, and Saul Bellow. Goodheart does not pretend to impersonal objectivity; his commitment to evaluative criticism is a deliberate response to increasingly specialized forms of criticism.
Economics and Corporate Strategy
Authors: Sutton C. J.
Published: December 2009

This book, first published in 1980, discusses corporate strategy for those interested in applying economic analysis to business problems. Drawing on a wide range of economics and management literature, the book shows how an understanding of industrial economics can help in analysing strategic decisions. Furthermore, the author explains how a firm's development must be adapted to its environment, its history and the experience of its personnel. Other topics discussed include integration and diversity, the growing importance of multinational operations, the strategic role of mergers, and innovation.
Ambassador Frederic Sackett and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic, 1930–1933
Authors: Burke Bernard V.
Published: December 2009

This book details a striking political relationship between American Ambassador Frederic Sackett and German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning and their attempts to save the Weimar Republic, achieve German nationalist goals, and thwart Adolf Hitler's drive to power. Sackett believed that financial policy was at the heart of German problems and, unless resolved, could be the basis for Hitler's success. Very early in his tenure in Berlin, Sackett saw Hitler and the Nazis as a serious danger to the Weimar Republic and to peace in Europe. The American thought that misrule by incompetent and inefficient Nazis would pave the way for a communist state. Although at first he saw the Nazis as harbingers of worse to come, in time he came to see Hitler as the real threat to democracy in Germany.
One South or Many?
Authors: McKenzie Robert Tracy
Published: December 2009

This book is a state-wide study of Tennessee's agricultural population between 1850 and 1880. Relying upon massive samples of census data as well as plantation accounts, the author provides the first systematic comparison of the socioeconomic bases of plantation and non-plantation areas both before and immediately after the Civil War. Although the study applauds scholars' growing appreciation of southern diversity during the nineteenth century, it argues that recent scholarship both oversimplifies distinctions between Black Belt and Upcountry and exaggerates the socioeconomic heterogeneity of the South as a whole. It also challenges several largely unsubstantiated assumptions concerning the postbellum reorganisation of southern agriculture, particularly those regarding the immiseration of southern whites and the immobilization and economic repression of southern freedmen.
Giant of the Grand Siècle
Authors: Lynn John A.
Published: December 2009

An 'invisible giant', the seventeenth-century French army was the largest and hungriest institution of the Bourbon monarchy. Combining social and cultural emphases with more traditional institutional and operational concerns, this book examines the army in depth, studying recruitment, composition, discipline, motivation, selection of officers, leadership, administration, logistics, weaponry, tactics, field warfare and siegecraft. The portrait that emerges differs from what current scholarship might have predicted. Instead of claiming that a 'military revolution' transformed warfare, Lynn stresses evolutionary change. This work also offers surprising insights into absolutism and the relationship between the monarchy and aristocracy. Questioning widely held assumptions about state formation and coercion, Lynn argues that this standing army was primarily devoted to border defence and only rarely to internal repression.
Pre-Revolutionary Caracas
Authors: McKinley P. Michael
Published: December 2009

Almost invariably, late-colonial Caracas has been described as a society full of tensions and a colony at odds with the imperial order. This study, in contrast, portrays a colony, which grew, prospered and matured within the confines of Empire. It depicts the late 1700s as the golden age of caraqueño colonial society and suggests that it was no accident that this late renaissance created an environment which bred the self-confident men who led much of Spanish America to independence. The causes of the independence struggle, and the violence, which accompanied it, are considered in the context of the imperial crisis provoked by Napoleon's invasion of Spain. The findings of this study are based on an exceptionally varied array of new data on the economy and society of late eighteenth-century Caracas, of which a collection of 800 wills is the most impressive.
The Shanghai Badlands
Authors: Wakeman, Jr Frederic
Published: December 2009

Between August 1937 and December 1941, when the Chinese sectors of Shanghai were occupied by the Japanese, terrorist wars broke out between Nationalist secret agents and assassins of the Japanese military authorities. The most intensely disputed area was the western suburb, the Badlands, but warfare was not restricted to that zone. A spate of assassinations, bombings, and machine gun raids took place under the noses of the authorities. Thanks to the release of secret Chinese police files by the CIA, the inner workings of these terrorist groups and their links to the notorious Green Gang can now be exposed for the first time. In so doing, this book also explores the social history of Shanghai's underworld, the worsening relations between the US and Japan before World War II, and the rivalry between leaders Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei during China's War of Resistance.
Information Dispersal and Parallel Computation
Authors: Lyuu Yuh-Dauh
Published: December 2009

In 1989, Michael Rabin proposed a fundamentally new approach to the problems of fault-tolerant routing and memory management in parallel computation, based on the idea of information dispersal. Yuh-Dauh Lyuu developed this idea in a number of new and exciting ways in his PhD thesis. Further work has led to extensions of these methods to other applications such as shared memory emulations. This volume presents an extended and updated printing of Lyuu's thesis. It gives a detailed treatment of the information dispersal approach to the problems of fault-tolerance and distributed representations of information which have resisted rigorous analysis by previous methods.
Rejecting Rights
Authors: Bedi Sonu
Published: December 2009

The language of rights is ubiquitous. It shapes the way we construct our debates over issues such as abortion, affirmative action and sexual freedom. This provocative new study challenges the very concept of rights, arguing that they jeopardize our liberty and undermine democratic debate. By re-conceptualizing our ideas about limited government, it suggests that we can limit the reasons or rationales on which the polity may act. Whereas we once used the language of rights to thwart democratic majorities, Bedi argues that we should now turn our attention to the democratic state's reason for acting. This will permit greater democratic flexibility and discretion while ensuring genuine liberty. Deftly employing political theory and constitutional law to state its case, the study radically rethinks the relationship between liberty and democracy, and will be essential reading for scholars and students of political and legal philosophy.
Crime, War, and Global Trafficking
Authors: Jojarth Christine
Published: December 2009

Globalization creates lucrative opportunities for traffickers of drugs, dirty money, blood diamonds, weapons, and other contraband. Effective countermeasures require international collaboration, but what if some countries suffer while others profit from illicit trade? Only international institutions with strong compliance mechanisms can ensure that profiteers will not dodge their law enforcement responsibilities. However, the effectiveness of these institutions may also depend on their ability to flexibly adjust to fast-changing environments. Combining international legal theory and transaction cost economics, this book develops a novel, comprehensive framework which reveals the factors that determine the optimal balance between institutional credibility and flexibility. The author tests this rational design paradigm on four recent anti-trafficking efforts: narcotics, money laundering, conflict diamonds, and small arms. She sheds light on the reasons why policymakers sometimes adopt suboptimal design solutions and unearths a nascent trend toward innovative forms of international cooperation which transcend the limitations of national sovereignty.
Parables and Conflict in the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Schipper Jeremy
Published: December 2009

Parables and Conflict in the Hebrew Bible examines the intimate relationship between parables and conflict in the Hebrew Bible. Challenging the scholarly consensus, Jeremy Schipper argues that parables do not function as appeals to change their audience's behavior. Nor do they serve to diffuse tensions in regards to the various conflicts in which their audiences are involved. Rather, the parables function to help create, intensify, and justify judgments and hostile actions against their audiences. In order to examine how the parables accomplish these functions, this book pays particular attention to issues of genre and recent developments in genre theory, shifting the central issues in the interpretation of Hebrew Bible parables.
The Theatre Industry in Nineteenth-Century France
Authors: Hemmings Frederic William John
Published: December 2009

This 1993 book explores the history of French theatre in the nineteenth century through its special role as an organized popular entertainment. Traditionally regarded as an elite art form, in post-Revolutionary France the stage began to be seen as an industry like any other and the theatre became one of the few areas of employment where women were in demand as much as men. The increasingly commercial ethos dominating the stage led to the mass production of plays with audience appeal, resulting in an inevitable dilution of literary standards. In this lively account, Hemmings examines how the theatre world flourished and evolved, and reveals such matters as the difficult life of the actress, salaries and contracts, and the profession of the playwright.
Age in the Welfare State
Authors: Lynch Julia
Published: December 2009

This book asks why some countries devote the lion's share of their social policy resources to the elderly, while others have a more balanced repertoire of social spending. Far from being the outcome of demands for welfare spending by powerful age-based groups in society, the 'age' of welfare is an unintended consequence of the way that social programs are set up. The way that politicians use welfare state spending to compete for votes, along either programmatic or particularistic lines, locks these early institutional choices into place. So while society is changing - aging, divorcing, moving in and out of the labor force over the life course in new ways - social policies do not evolve to catch up. The result, in occupational welfare states like Italy, the United States, and Japan, is social spending that favors the elderly and leaves working-aged adults and children largely to fend for themselves.
Evidence and Faith
Authors: Taliaferro Charles
Published: December 2009

Charles Taliaferro has written a dynamic narrative history of philosophical reflection on religion from the seventeenth century to the present, with an emphasis on shifting views of faith and the nature of evidence. The book begins with the movement called Cambridge Platonism, which formed a bridge between the ancient and medieval worlds and early modern philosophy. While the book provides a general overview of different movements in philosophy, it also offers a detailed exposition and reflection on key arguments. The scope is broad, from Descartes to contemporary feminist philosophy of religion. Written with clarity and verve, this is a book that will appeal to professionals and students in the philosophy of religion, religious studies, and the history of ideas, as well as informed lay readers.
Continental Philosophy of Social Science
Authors: Sherratt Yvonne
Published: December 2009

Continental Philosophy of Social Science demonstrates the unique and autonomous nature of the continental approach to social science and contrasts it with the Anglo-American tradition. Yvonne Sherratt argues for the importance of an historical understanding of the Continental tradition in order to appreciate its individual, humanist character. Examining the key traditions of hermeneutic, genealogy, and critical theory, and the texts of major thinkers such as Gadamer, Ricoeur, Derrida, Nietzsche, Foucault, the Early Frankfurt School and Habermas, she also contextualizes contemporary developments within strands of thought stemming back to Ancient Greece and Rome. Sherratt shows how these modes of thinking developed through medieval Christian thought into the Enlightenment and Romantic eras, before becoming mainstays of twentieth-century disciplines. Continental Philosophy of Social Science will serve as the essential textbook for courses in philosophy or social sciences.
Berlioz: Roméo et Juliette
Authors: Rushton Julian
Published: December 2009

Berlioz's 'dramatic symphony' Roméo et Juliette is regarded by many as his finest work; it is certainly among the most original. It is played less often than his earlier symphonies, because it requires solo voices and chorus; yet at its heart is some of the most inspired orchestral music of the nineteenth century. This book summarises the complex genesis of the work before examining the music closely and always with a view to understanding its dramatic implications. The early and later critical reception is quoted and discussed and Julian Rushton concludes by suggesting a way of hearing the work which recognises the value of its mixed genre. The complete libretto is provided in both English and French.
Modern American Drama, 1945–2000
Authors: Bigsby C. W. E.
Published: December 2009

In this new edition of the widely-acclaimed Modern American Drama, Christopher Bigsby completes his survey of postwar and contemporary theatre and brings the reader up to 2000. While retaining the key elements of the first edition, including surveys of those major figures who have shaped postwar American drama, such as Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams, Arthur Miller, Edward Albee, David Mamet, and Sam Shepard, Bigsby also explores the most recent works and performances: these include plays by established dramatists such as Miller's The Ride down Mount Morgan and Albee's Three Tall Women, as well as works by relatively new playwrights Paula Vogel, Tony Kushner, and Terrence McNally among others. Bigsby also provides a new chapter, 'Beyond Broadway' and offers an analysis of how theatre has formed and influenced the millenial culture of America.
Politics after Neoliberalism
Authors: Snyder Richard
Published: December 2009

The shift from state-led to market-oriented, neoliberal economic policies has been one of the most important changes in the developing world during the last two decades. Although much existing research has focused on why countries choose these neoliberal policy reforms and how they implement them, Richard Snyder's study breaks new ground by offering an analysis of politics after neoliberalism. The book proposes a framework that explains how neoliberal reforms, rather than unleashing market forces, actually trigger 're-regulation' processes involving strategic interactions between political entrepreneurs and societal groups. Depending on the strengths and strategies of politicians and societal groups, reregulation results in different types of new institutions for market governance with contrasting consequences for economic efficiency and social justice. This framework is used in conjunction with an innovative subnational comparative method to analyze fresh evidence from four Mexican states about the politics of reregulation.
The Three-Body Problem
Authors: Valtonen Mauri , Karttunen Hannu
Published: December 2009

How do three celestial bodies move under their mutual gravitational attraction? This problem has been studied by Isaac Newton and leading mathematicians over the last two centuries. Poincaré's conclusion, that the problem represents an example of chaos in nature, opens the new possibility of using a statistical approach. For the first time this book presents these methods in a systematic way, surveying statistical as well as more traditional methods. The book begins by providing an introduction to celestial mechanics, including Lagrangian and Hamiltonian methods, and both the two and restricted three body problems. It then surveys statistical and perturbation methods for the solution of the general three body problem, providing solutions based on combining orbit calculations with semi-analytic methods for the first time. This book should be essential reading for students in this rapidly expanding field and is suitable for students of celestial mechanics at advanced undergraduate and graduate level.
Mainstream and Formal Epistemology
Authors: Hendricks Vincent F.
Published: December 2009

Mainstream and Formal Epistemology provides the first, easily accessible, yet erudite and original analysis of the meeting point between mainstream and formal theories of knowledge. These two strands of thinking have traditionally proceeded in isolation from one another, but in this book, Vincent F. Hendricks brings them together for a systematic comparative treatment. He demonstrates how mainstream and formal epistemology may significantly benefit from one another, paving the way for a new unifying program of 'plethoric' epistemology. His book will both define and further the debate between philosophers from two very different sides of the epistemological spectrum.
The Model of Love
Authors: Brümmer Vincent
Published: December 2009

Religious believers understand the meaning of their lives and of the world in terms of the way these are related to God. The conceptual models whereby this relationship is described therefore play a key role in the conceptual designs which theologians produce to express the faith of the community of believers. Vincent Brümmer examines the implications of using the model of love in this context and looks at a number of the most significant views of the nature of love: exclusive attention (Ortega y Gasset), ecstatic union (nuptial mysticism), passionate suffering (courtly love), need-love (Plato, Augustine), and gift-love (Nygren). All these views are shown to interpret love as an attitude rather than as a relation between persons. In the final chapters a relational concept of love is developed, and it is shown how all the various attitudes discussed in the previous chapters have a role to play. Finally, the implications are addressed of using the model of love as a key model in theology.
Promoting Experimental Learning
Authors: Hall Marie Boas
Published: December 2009

In spite of all that has been written in the past decades about the first half-century of the Royal Society's existence, no one has so far examined just what took place at the Society's weekly meetings nor how far they fulfilled the expressed aim of promoting 'experimental learning'. Students of the early Royal Society have often taken its aim to have been fully expressed in the writings of such Fellows as Boyle, Hooke and Newton, aware that Hooke especially performed very many experiments at the meetings between 1662 and 1703, while he and others wrote about the necessity of doing so. This study attempts to analyse the content of the meetings in detail in order to discover how far and in what manner the aims of the Society were fulfilled in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. This book for the first time explores the practices of the Society's Fellows, and shows how these altered between 1660 and 1727.
Morphogenesis
Authors: Bard Jonathan
Published: December 2009

Morphogenesis, the set of processes that generate shape and form in the embryo, remains a central area in developmental biology. This book, first published in 1990, provides an overview of the events and mechanisms of morphogenesis, reviewing the major molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying morphogenetic change and describing how these processes are integrated during normal development. Most of the major embryological systems, both vertebrate and invertebrate, are discussed, with extensive coverage of the molecular mechanisms of morphogenesis involving the extracellular matrix, the membrane and the cytoskeleton. The major focus of the book, however, is on those properties of mesenchymal and epithelial cells responsible for organogenesis, while the extensive reference cover of the historical and contemporary literature (more than 500 titles) provides a useful research tool in this very wide field. This book is aimed at both scholars in the field of embryology, and postgraduate and final-year students in development and anatomy.
A transmission electron microscope study on the route of entry of triclabendazole into the liver fluke,Fasciola hepatica
Authors: TONER E. , BRENNAN G. P. , McCONVERY F. , MEANEY M. , FAIRWEATHER I.
Published: December 2009

Uptake of triclabendazole by the liver fluke,Fasciola hepaticahas been studied by experiments designed to block either oral uptake of drug, by use of ligatures, or trans-tegumental diffusion, by allowing the drug to bind to an excess of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the medium. Changes to the tegumental system, musculature and gut were assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Flukes were incubatedin vitrofor 24 h in TCBZ.SO (15 μg/ml). Disruption to the tegument and muscle was similar in ligatured and non-ligatured flukes, suggesting that closing the oral route did not affect drug uptake. The ultrastructure of the gastrodermal cells remained unchanged. Non-ligatured flukes were also incubated for 24 hin vitroin TCBZ.SO (15 μg/ml) in the presence of red blood cells (RBCs). Oral uptake of blood was demonstrated, but gut ultrastructure remained normal, whereas the tegument was severely disrupted. In separate experiments, ligatured and non-ligatured flukes were incubated in TCBZ.SO (15 μg/ml) in the presence of BSA (30 mg/ml) for 24 hin vitro. There was a marked decrease in the degree of tegumental disruption observed compared with TCBZ.SO action alone; again, the gut remained normal. The findings support previous morphological and pharmacological studies indicating that trans-tegumental uptake of triclabendazole predominates in the liver fluke.
The Voyages of Captain William Jackson (1642–1645)
Authors: Harlow Vincent T.
Published: December 2009

For three years "the valiant and victorious General Captain Jackson" drew all eyes upon him by conducting a daring andtriumphant war on the power of Spain in America. By so doing he largely contributed to the decision of Cromwell to continue the Elizabethan tradition of reprisals against Spain; and to embark upon an enterprise, the object of which was the substitution for a Catholic and Spanish empire, of one that was English and Protestant.
Respiration in Adipocytes is Inhibited by Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Wang Tong , Si Yaguang , Shirihai Orian S. , Si Huiqing , Schultz Vera , Corkey Richard F. , Hu Liping , Deeney Jude T. , Guo Wen , Corkey Barbara E.
Published: December 2009

It is a desirable goal to stimulate fuel oxidation in adipocytes and shift the balance toward less fuel storage and more burning. To understand this regulatory process, respiration was measured in primary rat adipocytes, mitochondria, and fat‐fed mice. Maximum O2 consumption, in vitro, was determined with a chemical uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (carbonylcyanide p‐trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP)). The adenosine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate (ATP/ADP) ratio was measured by luminescence. Mitochondria were localized by confocal microscopy with MitoTracker Green and their membrane potential (ΔψM) measured using tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate (TMRE). The effect of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) on respiration and body composition in vivo was assessed in mice. Addition of FCCP collapsed ΔψM and decreased the ATP/ADP ratio. However, we demonstrated the same rate of adipocyte O2 consumption in the absence or presence of fuels and FCCP. Respiration was only stimulated when reactive oxygen species (ROS) were scavenged by pyruvate or NAC: other fuels or fuel combinations had little effect. Importantly, the ROS scavenging role of pyruvate was not affected by rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. In addition, mice that consumed NAC exhibited increased O2 consumption and decreased body fat in vivo. These studies suggest for the first time that adipocyte O2 consumption may be inhibited by ROS, because pyruvate and NAC stimulated respiration. ROS inhibition of O2 consumption may explain the difficulty to identify effective strategies to increase fat burning in adipocytes. Stimulating fuel oxidation in adipocytes by decreasing ROS may provide a novel means to shift the balance from fuel storage to fuel burning.
Language policy for China’s minorities
Authors: Bradley David
Published: December 2009

The Yi national minority of southwestern China has four distinct orthographic traditions: Nosu, Nasu, Nisu and Sani. All are based on traditional systems using the same logographic principle as Chinese writing and a few Chinese characters. Otherwise, they are very different, both from Chinese and to a lesser degree from each other. Since 1950, orthographic reform has taken place separately in the three main provinces where Ngwi or Yi languages are spoken. This process has been a top-down language planning effort, run by leaders and scholars from within the various Yi communities of each province. In addition, for local and scholarly purposes, the traditional scripts continue in use. This paper discusses and exemplifies the traditional and new orthographic systems and the process of reform which created three modern orthographies alongside the four traditional ones which also continue in limited use. The top-down process of script reform is parallel to other areas of script, language and other policy developments in China since 1950, with a centralised model that achieves some great successes and some failures, and going through a series of major changes affecting the way the languages of the Yi are written.
Response of nematode communities after large‐scale ice‐shelf collapse events in the Antarctic Larsen area
Authors: RAES M. , ROSE A. , VANREUSEL A.
Published: December 2009

Owing to large‐scale ice‐shelf disintegration events, the Antarctic Larsen A and B areas recently became ice‐free. During the ANT‐XXIII/8 Polarstern campaign, this region was sampled for the first time. Our study is the first to investigate benthic communities in this area and their response to the collapse of ice shelves in the Antarctic. The nematofauna appears to be strongly influenced by the sudden ice‐cover removal, although its response differs from that of the macro‐ and megabenthos. Our results indicate that precollapse, sub‐ice communities were impoverished and characterized by low densities, low diversity and high dominance of a few taxa. This might still be visible at a station located deep inside the Larsen B embayment, where Halomonhystera was dominant. Post‐collapse recolonization of the ‘inner’ stations, i.e. those located furthermost from the former ice‐shelf edge, is believed to be a long‐time process. At the time of sampling, community structure at the inner stations was not or only slightly influenced by colonization, and might be structured by local environmental conditions. Our results indicate that a locally increased food supply after ice‐cover removal could provoke a faster, local response of the nematode assemblages compared with the response due to recolonization. Thalassomonhystera is recognized as an opportunist, taking advantage of increased food supply at inner stations A_South and B_North. Communities living close to the former ice‐shelf edge are believed to be at an intermediate or late stage of succession, with a dominance of Microlaimus, a common Antarctic genus and quick colonizer. Densities here were comparable with those at other Antarctic stations, whereas they were considerably decreased at the inner stations. In general, the collapse of the Larsen ice shelves initially has a positive effect on the shelf nematode fauna in the area, both in terms of abundance and diversity.
Guerrilla Employees: Should Managers Nurture, Tolerate, or Terminate Them?
Authors: O'Leary Rosemary
Published: December 2009

“Guerrilla government” is Rosemary O'Leary's term for the actions of career public servants who work against the wishes—either implicitly or explicitly communicated—of their superiors. This form of dissent is usually carried out by those who are dissatisfied with the actions of public organizations, programs, or people, but typically, for strategic reasons, choose not to go public with their concerns in whole or in part. Rather than acting openly, guerrillas often move clandestinely behind the scenes, salmon swimming against the current of power. Guerrillas run the spectrum from anti‐establishment liberals to fundamentalist conservatives, from constructive contributors to deviant destroyers.

Three public managers with significant experience comment on O'Leary's thesis that guerrilla government is about the power of career bureaucrats; the tensions between career bureaucrats and political appointees; organization culture; and what it means to act responsibly, ethically, and with integrity as a public servant. Karl Sleight, former director of the New York State Ethics Commission; David Warm, executive director of the Mid‐America Regional Council of Greater Kansas City; and Ralph R, Bauer, former deputy regional administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the Seattle and Chicago regions, present unique perspectives on the “guerrilla” influence on policy and management, as well as the challenges posed by this ever‐present public management phenomenon.

Guerrilla: One who engages in irregular warfare especially as a member of an independent unit.

—Webster's New College Dictionary, 2008
The Pracademic and the Fed: The Leadership of Chairman Benjamin Bernanke
Authors: Khademian Anne M.
Published: December 2009

When President Barack Obama nominated Ben Bernanke for a second term as chair of the Federal Reserve Board in August 2009, he emphasized Bernanke's “bold action and outside‐the‐box thinking” in preventing the recent financial collapse from turning into another Great Depression. While many saw this renomination as providing monetary policy stability and necessary institutional continuity during the crisis, Bernanke's “bold action” has generated robust criticism, mainly because Bernanke initiated fundamental reforms of traditional Fed practices. How has Bernanke's leadership style at the Fed evolved as the financial crisis of 2008–2009 has unfolded? Did his prior academic experience influence his decisions? What are the long‐term implications of Bernanke's innovative strategies for the Federal Reserve as an independent, powerful, policy making institution, traditionally one that possesses tremendous financial and political autonomy?

If you want to build a factory, or fix a motorcycle, or set a nation right without getting stuck, then classical, structured, dualistic subject‐object knowledge, although necessary, isn't enough. You have to have some feeling for the quality of the work. You have to have a sense of what's good. That is what carries you forward … It's not just “intuition,” or unexplainable “skill” or “talent.” It's the direct result of contact with basic reality …

—Robert M. Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

There are no atheists in foxholes and no ideologues in financial crises.

—Benjamin Bernanke, 20091