bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ Lived Experiences of Communication in Curriculum Planning and Implementation in a Centralized Educational System
Authors: Dadmehr Majid , Karami Morteza , Mahram Behrouz , Izadi Samad
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the research was to investigate teachers’ lived experiences of communication with the curriculum planning system in curriculum development and implementation processes. The research was performed by qualitative approach and phenomenology method. The sample of the research included 20 experienced teachers of elementary schools in Birjand, Mashhad, and Tehran who were selected in a purposive method. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were applicated. These interviews were recorded and made into written form with the permission of the participants. The deep analysis of teachers’ viewpoints was carried out by the Colaizzi pattern and content analysis, which entailed identifying three main categories and 10 subordinate categories. In this research, data validity was determined through the following techniques: the self-monitoring of the researcher (verifiability), the accurate direction of the interview and collecting data processes (reliability), and deploying multiple researchers to provide confirming evidence. Teachers’ experiences of communication with the curriculum planning system in curriculum development and implementation processes were recognized and classified according to three categories: “communicative channels between teachers and curriculum planning system,” “human communication factors,” and “curriculum planning system status.” Analyzing teachers’ experiences explains that taking into account the subject of communication between teachers and the curriculum planning system can lead to the realization of effective implementation of curricula by teachers. The relation between teachers and curriculum planning systems through various interactive communication networks in curriculum development and implementation processes is one of the suggestions of this study.
Effect of printing direction on fatigue response and damage development in additive manufactured Haynes 282 nickel superalloy
Authors: Kopec Mateusz , Liu Xiaochuan , Kukla Dominik , Sitek Ryszard , Kowalewski Zbigniew L
Published: November 2023

In this paper, three different directions of 0°, 45° and 90° were used to manufacture the Haynes 282 alloy bars by using the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) method. The additively manufactured specimens as well as these of the wrought Haynes 282 were subsequently subjected to comparative fatigue tests in the range of stress amplitude from ±400 MPa to ±800 MPa. The AM process enhanced the fatigue response of the nickel-based alloy in question by 200 MPa. Furthermore, it was found, that the printing direction does not affect the fatigue response of additively manufactured specimens significantly as minor differences in service life were observed for the entire stress amplitude range adopted. Finally, fatigue damage measure φ and fatigue damage parameter D approaches were used to reveal the dynamics of damage development and to monitor damage development due to fatigue.
Rousseau and the Development of Identity
Authors: Scott John T.
Published: November 2023

Scholars from very different interpretive traditions agree that Rousseau’s conception of human nature and the self constitutes a pivotal point in the history of philosophy. I focus on one important aspect of his investigation into human nature and the self: the development of identity. I reconstruct his understanding of the development of identity as articulated in the Discourse on Inequality and Emile, focusing on the psychological interplay of identity and identification involved in the formation of the self. Finally, I turn to a discussion of how his theory of the development of identity informs his specifically political theory, and especially the extralegal institutions and practices he suggests for forming a strong political identity.
Design and optimization of circular honeycomb lower limb protection device under blast impact
Authors: Qin Lingyun , Yang Shuyi , Li Guibing , Wang Guosheng , Chen Zhewu , Li Hongzhou
Published: November 2023

A circular honeycomb lower limb protection device was proposed to reduce the damage to the occupant’s lower limbs under a vehicle under-belly blast. First, a local equivalent model of the occupant-restraint system was established, and drop impact tests and theory were used to validate the model’s accuracy. Then, under the same mass, the protection performance of eight lower limb protection devices using circular honeycomb, hexagonal honeycomb, reentrant honeycomb, etc., as sandwiches were compared. It was found that the lower limb protection device with a circular honeycomb sandwich provides the best defence for lower limbs. Subsequently, the effect of gradient structure settings and dimensional parameters on the protection performance of circular honeycomb lower limb protection devices was investigated. Finally, multi-objective optimization has been carried out to further improve its protection performance. The results indicated that the protection performance of the lower limb protection device could be effectively improved by reasonably selecting the cell arrangement, gradient type and gradient interval of the honeycomb sandwich. When the optimized lower limb protection device was employed, the occupant's left and right lower tibial peak forces were decreased to 3.67 kN and 3.55 kN, respectively. Compared with the initial design, the optimized lower limb protection device reduced the left and right lower tibial peak forces by 21.1% and 23.8%, respectively, and the total mass decreased by 51.5%.
Statistical fragility analysis of reported outcomes associated with surgical management of acetabular labral pathology
Authors: Bhale Rahul , Kain Michael
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to analyse the robustness of comparative research that evaluated arthroscopic labral reconstruction versus other surgical management of labral pathology. Key measures of statistical fragility include the fragility index and fragility quotient.ß

Methods:

12 comparative studies that evaluated the use of arthroscopic labral reconstruction were included in this study. Particular attention was placed on evaluating trends, either statistically significant or not, of functional improvement, complication rates, need for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and revision rates with associated p-values. The analysis involved in this study was the Fragility Index, which is the median number of events required to change the statistical significance of a particular outcome, thus changing the study conclusions. Fragility quotient was calculated for each study as the fragility index divided by sample size.

Results:

Of the 12 studies that were included for analysis, there were a total of 25 reported outcomes, 8 of which were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). The statistical fragility for the significant outcomes were 2.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.5–3.5), whereas the median statistical fragility for insignificant results was 6 (IQR 4–9). The overall fragility index was 4 (IQR 3–7). The median of fragility quotients was 0.04 (IQR 0.01–0.07).

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated that comparative research regarding arthroscopic techniques of labral reconstruction may not be as statistically stable as previously hoped. In many of the reported outcomes, particularly the ones that were statistically significant, only a small percentage of event changes was required to change the significance of the study conclusions. This fragility is worrisome, since clinical decisions that rely on these reported outcomes may have a significant impact on long-term patient outcomes. It is, therefore, crucial to optimise patient outcomes by incorporating past literature and reported outcomes.
Increasing femoral head size from 32 mm to 36 mm does not increase the revision risk for total hip replacement: a New Zealand joint registry study
Authors: English Robert TR , Munro Jacob T , Monk Andrew P
Published: November 2023

Background:

The use of larger femoral heads in total hip replacement (THR) has increased over the last decade. While the relationship between increasing head size and increased stability is well known, the risk of revision with increasing head size remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of total hip joint replacement with 32-mm and 36-mm heads.

Methods:

We carried out a 20-year retrospective analysis of prospective data from the New Zealand Joint Registry (NZJR). All primary total hip replacements registered between January 1999 and December 2018 were included. We compared the rate of revision of 32-mm and 36-mm heads in THR. Sub-group analysis included comparisons of bearing type and all-cause revision.

Results:

60,051 primary THRs met our inclusion criteria. The revision rate per 100 component years was significantly higher with a 36-mm head than with a 32-mm head (0.649 vs. 0.534, p  < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of bearing type showed no significant differences in revision rates for all combinations of 36-mm heads when compared to 32-mm ( p  = 0.074–0.92), with the exception of metal-on-metal (MoM); p  = 0.038. When MoM was removed there was no significant difference in revision rates per 100 component years between 32-mm and 36-mm heads, 0.528 versus 0.578 ( p  = 0.099).

Conclusions:

Increasing head size from 32 mm to 36 mm results in no significant increase in revision in all bearing combinations except MoM.
Fracture of femoral neck in modular total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Solou Konstantina , Panagopoulos Andreas , Tatani Irini , Megas Panagiotis
Published: November 2023

Background:

Modular femoral stems have the advantage of anatomic hip reconstruction by restoring the femoral offset thus minimising the bearing surface wear, implant loosening and dislocation.

Aim:

This study aims to investigate the existing literature on modular neck fractures, to identify predisposing factors and guide the decision-making process in the management of these difficult cases.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted until July 2022. PRISMA guidelines were followed, eligibility criteria were set, and methodology assessment of included studies was conducted based on MINORS criteria, size and primary outcome. Data were extracted and analysed thoroughly.

Results:

5657 studies were initially screened; the full texts of 124 records were assessed and finally, 32 reports were included. There were 7 clinical studies and 25 case reports. A total of 4825 patients (5204 hips) with a mean age 62.38 years and a mean BMI 29.06 kg/m2 were analysed in the 7 clinical studies. The reported overall weighted revision rate was 0.86%, while the weighted mean modular neck fracture rate was 0.26%. The usual history was sudden experience of hip pain and instability. The average time interval to neck fracture was 4.57 (range 3–4.7) years and a long modular neck was identified in 91.17% of them. Data from case reports showed a mean age and average BMI of 55.85 and 31.63 kg/m2. 82.35% of the patients were male. Necks were fractured after an average time interval of 64.5 ± 8.8 months.

Conclusions:

The incidence of modular neck fracture is significant. The profile of a male, obese patient with a long modular neck increased risk of neck fracture. Microstructural investigation of the retrieved implants demonstrated a higher incidence of fracture line in the base of the neck junction and at its anterolateral distal part. Surgeons should be aware of this complication while using or revising such protheses.
The Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) With Substance Use in Young Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sebalo Ivan , Königová Michaela Poslt , Sebalo Vňuková Martina , Anders Martin , Ptáček Radek
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Young adulthood is a transitional period between adolescence and adulthood. Due to the unique pressures of taking on a new social role and associated uncertainties, young adults are at heightened risk for drug and alcohol use. Furthermore, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increases the likelihood of using maladaptive coping strategies such as using substances to avoid or soothe negative emotions. The current review aimed to summarize the associations between exposure to ACEs before the age of 18 years and subsequent drug or alcohol use between the ages of 18 and 25 years.

Methods:

The review was performed in accordance with the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases was conducted in February 2022.

Results:

The initial search yielded 7178 articles, with 777 duplicates. Consequently, 6401 titles were inspected for relevance. After reading the full text, 88 articles were included in the review.

Conclusion:

This review provides clear evidence that exposure to multiple ACEs is a robust risk factor for the use of alcohol, cannabis and other drugs by young adults. Poor self-regulation and maladaptive coping strategies were identified as mechanisms explaining this link; however, further detailed research is needed.
From the archive with love: A tribute of memory and hope for the future of Organization
Authors: Bristow Alexandra
Published: November 2023

Having been an unofficial archivist of Organization over the last 20 years, in this essay I offer a selection of stories from the archive as a tribute to the journal’s 30th anniversary. I draw the stories mainly from the journal’s backstage, hidden archive (comprising old documents, interviews, and observation), but also to a lesser extent from its public (i.e. published) facet (comprising editorials and journal papers). The stories concern the journal’s relationship with Sage, its efforts to internationalise, the evolution of its archive in relation to the journal community, and the preservation of its critical intellectual mission. Altogether, these stories offer insights for the journal’s collective memory and hope for remaking its future.
Towards a biosocial turn in management and organization research? Proposals for a paradigm shift
Authors: Labatut Julie
Published: November 2023

In this essay, I draw on the concept of biosocial organizing to propose a biosocial turn in organization research. In recent years, Organization has seen an increase in articles and special issues on the organizational dimension of agriculture, food and the environment as major challenges and opportunities for our scientific community and global societies. These contributions participated towards moving the critical thinking of Organization beyond traditional concepts in management such as sustainable development or corporate social and environmental responsibility, in which the environment, living entities and nature are seen, at best, as contexts. However, the number of these works is still limited and the subject deserves further empirical and theoretical research. Much more is needed to promote the contribution of critical organization studies to these challenges, to account for the complexity of phenomena – such as climate change or biodiversity losses – from an organizational point of view, and to learn more about the impacts of studying these topics on new modes of organizing.
Feminist theorizing in organization studies: A way forward with Marta Calás and Linda Smircich
Authors: Meriläinen Susan , Tienari Janne , Greedharry Mrinalini
Published: November 2023

The founders of Organization include Marta Calás and Linda Smircich who are among the most influential feminist theorists in organization studies. We take inspiration from their work to outline ideas for feminist and other critical scholars studying organizations and organizing. We draw especially on their consistent interest in transnational feminism, engagement with feminist new materialisms, and emphasis on epistemological and ontological questions about (feminist) organization studies. We highlight key theoretical points and show how feminism(s) can remain socially, societally, and globally meaningful. Our aim is to continue to create feminist organization theorizing that, as Calás and Smircich’s scholarship does, remains critical and vigilant about who its knowers are, what kind of knowledge it produces, and what this knowledge is for.
The politics of post-human technologies: Human enhancements, artificial intelligence and virtual reality
Authors: Al-Amoudi Ismael
Published: November 2023

This essay encourages fellow scholars to consider critical organizational studies of post-human technologies. While these nascent technologies hold many promises, they also risk exacerbating several unacceptable organizational features that have been regularly documented, discussed and combated in Organization over the past 30 years. These features include, among other evils, corporate domination and colonization; further erosion of organic solidarity; entrenchment of inegalitarian imaginaries; and impoverished lifeworlds oriented toward instrumental efficiency alone. In order to steer them democratically, we need reflexive empirical studies of post-human technologies in connection with big societal issues.
To be accountable: The whiteness of feminist organisation studies
Authors: Swan Elaine
Published: November 2023

In this short article, I discuss the silence about white feminism in feminist organisation studies. Drawing on histories and contemporary critiques of white feminism in and outside academia, I ask how white feminism might operate in feminist organisation studies and what we might do to address privilege, hierarchy and exclusions.
Gender roles and gender norms associated with psychological distress in women and men among the Dutch general population
Authors: Mommersteeg Paula MC , van Valkengoed Irene , Lodder Paul , Juster Robert-Paul , Kupper Nina
Published: November 2023

Women report more psychological distress than men, which may be related to both biological sex and socio-cultural gender. We tested whether associations between gender and distress differ for women and men. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 678 Dutch people (54% women). Gender roles were assessed as masculinity and femininity. A composite gender norm score was calculated by summing gendered sociodemographics. Multivariate regressions examined sex, gender, and their interaction for depressive symptoms, anxiety, and perceived stress, additionally adjusted. Women reported more psychological distress. People scoring higher on masculine gender roles, but not feminine gender roles, reported lower psychological distress. A higher gender norm score was related to more depressive symptoms and perceived stress. This association was only present in men and was explained by health-related covariates. This research shows that there is a need to further elaborate on the discrepancies between sex and gender in health psychology research to better understand individual differences.
The relationship between suicidal behavior and perceived stress: The role of cognitive emotional regulation and problematic alcohol use in Spanish adolescents
Authors: Ballabrera Queralt , Gómez-Romero Maria José , Chamarro Andres , Limonero Joaquín T
Published: November 2023

Suicidal behavior has become an important public health problem, correlating with stress and emotional deficits in recent research. This study examined the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal behavior risk, testing the mediating roles of cognitive emotion regulation and impulsivity, and the moderating role of problematic alcohol use in stress-suicidal behavior association in a sample of 121 Spanish adolescents surveyed online. Results showed positive and significant associations between perceived stress and suicidal behavior risk, as well a mediation role of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and a moderation role of problematic alcohol use between perceived stress and suicidal behavior risk, supporting stress as an influential factor in suicidal behavior. Our findings emphasize adaptive emotional regulation strategies in stressful situations, as well as the importance of promoting responsible alcohol consumption to decrease suicide risk in adolescents. Additionally, they contribute to effective educational suicide prevention programs for young people.
Lived experiences of neurofibromatosis type 1 patients: Social life, stigma, and intervention strategies
Authors: Aghaei Atefeh , Herran Keren , Fanaei Seyed Ahmed , Khalili Mohsen , Jayadev Pallavi
Published: November 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurogenetic disorder associated with visual-spatial problems, executive dysfunction, and language deficits, making patients experience social isolation, stigma, anxiety, and depression. Here, we explored NF1 patients’ lived experiences by conducting semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 21 NF1 patients and 16 care providers. The thematic analysis uncovered dimensions of NF1 patients’ social lives at different ecological levels, including their relationships with family, friends, teachers, coworkers, providers, and society. Positive dimensions of NF1 patients’ social life (e.g. familial support and sacrifice, responsibility, and self-sufficiency, supportive friends, and professors) counter negative dimensions (e.g. the vulnerability in sexual relationships, social interactions, discriminatory professors, misconceptions about abilities, appearance bias, internalized and social stigma, violence, and low self-esteem). Adaptive strategies used or suggested by NF1 patients at personal (e.g. supportive network, positive reframing, acceptance of their bodies) and social levels (e.g. psychological support, group therapy, public awareness, and governmental support) were identified.
Reasoning from background knowledge: Evaluating and explaining behaviour in Finnish rape judgments
Authors: Piha Otava
Published: November 2023

According to explanationist theories of evidence, fact-finders reason by evaluating the ‘goodness’ of different narratives that explain the evidence. One standard is external coherence: does the narrative fit with what the fact-finder knows or assumes about the world? This study uses qualitative content analysis to examine how District Court judges draw inferences directly from ‘background knowledge’ in 119 Finnish rape cases and how these inferences are contested by dissenting and appellate judges. The results show that especially the complainant's behaviour was frequently evaluated against behavioural scripts and other background beliefs. Outspoken reliance on rape myths was relatively rare, and myths were explicitly resisted as often as they were relied upon. Where judges used stereotypical behaviour to support the rape complainant's testimony, this reasoning could be explained by the search for optimum (explanatory) coherence or the Finnish legal principle that a rape complainant's testimony requires supporting evidence. Judges also used estimates of prior probabilities to inform their reasoning; few behaviours are impossible, but some actions are ‘more coherent’ with rape than with non-rape, or vice versa. Accruing the type of knowledge necessary (and usually unavailable) for probabilistic reasoning is therefore necessary also for explanationist reasoning.
Parental factors predicting social deviance and psychological outcomes in offspring: Evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Authors: Balbuena Lloyd , Mela Mansfield , Ahmed AG
Published: November 2023

Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine whether exposure to prenatal psychoactive substances is associated with psychological outcomes and deviant behaviour. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of 7,769 mother–child dyads in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) who were followed until the children were aged approximately 12 years. Parental characteristics and maternal use of various substances were collected in pregnancy and entered as predictors of psychological outcomes in childhood and deviant behaviours in early adolescence. The psychological outcomes were IQ, social cognition, working memory and inhibition, while the deviant behaviours were threatening others, truancy and cruelty to animals. Weighted logistic regression models were used to predict deviant behaviours and weighted linear regression for the psychological outcomes. Results: High prenatal alcohol exposure predicted truancy and cruelty to animals. Tobacco exposure predicted lower IQ, a greater social communication deficit, lower working memory, truancy and threatening others. Illicit drugs predicted a higher social communication deficit and truancy. All prenatal substance exposures remained significant after adjustment for peer influences and covariate imbalance. Conclusion: Alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were associated with deviant behaviours in early adolescence and these behaviours were preceded by psychological deficits in childhood. The present study supports the guideline that no amount of alcohol is safe to consume in pregnancy and that tobacco and illicit drugs should be avoided.
Foodservice mobile application quality determinants’ impact on customer satisfaction and repeat usage intentions: The role of perceived risk
Authors: Ahn Joo , Slevitch Lisa , Sung Kyong Sik
Published: November 2023

The current study aims to examine foodservice mobile commerce (MC) success model and investigate the relationships among its quality components, customer satisfaction, and repeat usage intentions in the restaurant context. The target population of the study was customers who had previous food delivery mobile application experience within the 12 months period. An online survey was conducted to collect the data and analyzed by the means of structural equation modeling. Ubiquitous connectivity, contextual offer, transaction accuracy, and content quality had significant positive impacts on customer satisfaction with food delivery mobile commerce application (MCA). The results also supported moderating effect of perceived risk on the relationship between customer satisfaction and repeat usage intentions. The study adds empirial evidence on the relationships between MCA quality components customer satisfaction. In addition, this study exaines the moderating role of perceived risk in the relationship between customer satisfaction and repeat usage intentions for food delivery mobile applications. The study can assist practitioners and MCA providers involved in the restaurant industry by showing how to configure quality components to satisfy customers and make them more willing to use food delivery mobile applications in casual dining restaurants.
Strangeness as home. Georg Simmel in Berlin
Authors: Müller Hans-Peter
Published: November 2023

Georg Simmel is the sociologist of the city. He spent almost his entire life in Berlin where he tried to make an academic career at his home town university. He had from early on remarkable success and published a number of classical books, most well-known among them his “Philosophy of Money.” But the intellectual merits did not translate into professional success. In Berlin he remained a “Privatdozent”—a teaching person without salary—and an “Extraordinarius”—a professor not remunerated. Simmel’s status inconsistency—a globally famous philosopher and sociologist yet without a full professorship—expressed an interesting meritocratic formula: failure by success. Simmel could endure this complicated fate only by putting on a mask which made strangeness his home. This thesis is developed in three steps: First, by looking on young Simmel who combined intellectual success with critical reception, in short: philosophe maudit. Secondly, by referring to his private life and life style as far as this can be reconstructed at all because Simmel turned all matters private into a secret. Thirdly, by discussing his predominate topics (city, prostitution, sociability, secret, and the stranger) we try to show how he made his personal existence possible philosophically, sociologically, and psychologically.
Informal caregivers – A missing voice in clinical ethics
Authors: Glos Aleksandra
Published: November 2023

This paper argues that the missing voice in clinical ethics is that of informal caregivers. Despite their substantial contribution to care provided to individuals with disabilities, chronic illness or dementia, informal caregivers are rarely thought of as members of the healthcare team and their narratives are rarely listened to and included in clinical and ethical decisions. Addressing this gap, this paper discusses the reasons for the systemic misrecognition of informal caregivers in healthcare systems and argues for their greater narrative inclusion on the clinical, legal and social planes.
Mentoring Programs: Characteristics Within HRD and Higher Education Contexts
Authors: Patterson Clinton A.
Published: November 2023

Problem

Mentorship directly and indirectly impacts an organization. Therefore, human resource development and higher education professionals often become responsible for mentoring program design, implementation, and assessment.

Solution

Mentoring literature for HRD and higher education contexts describes the complexity and benefits for individuals and organizations. Workplace themes associated with HRD are present in higher education mentoring ecosystems. This practitioner contribution reviews relevant mentoring research and evidence-based practices, prior to a descriptive and thematic analysis of current mentoring program design frameworks, two rooted in HRD and two associated with higher education. An aspirational goal for higher education professionals engaging in applied HRD efforts and HRD academic programs and their participants to span the institutional silos and learn more about each other.

Stakeholders

Mentorship practitioners and scholars, regardless of workplace affinity, will be able to easily identify actionable ways to incorporate evidence-based practices and recommendations into their mentoring ecosystem, program, and organization.
Lights, Facts, and Goals: A Novel Framework to Enhance Community Health Messaging Campaign Design, Implementation, and Assessment
Authors: Brooks James S. , Claudio Luz , Araya Faven , Idris Muhammed Y. , Pierre Kristelle , Korin Maya
Published: November 2023

The spread of health misinformation has made the task of health communicators more difficult. However, the success of health messaging hinges not only on meaningful message content but also on the credibility of who is delivering the message. “Trusted messengers,” like local leaders and community-based organizations, have a greater ability to influence improvements in community health, due to their shared cultural experience with their communities. Health communication agencies should empower trusted messengers with the tools they need to succeed in health communication. One tool critical for their success is a succinct health messaging framework to plan and implement health messaging. Marketing has “See, Think, Do”—a simple, practical framework used to influence consumer purchases. As a more trustworthy corollary, we propose the “Lights, Facts, and Goals” framework, a concise, authentic, and transparent method for planning, implementing, and assessing health messaging campaigns that influence health improvements. “Lights” refers to different methods of reaching communities like trusted messengers, advertisements, and text messages. “Facts” refers to key sourced scientific information relevant to a specific aspect of community health. “Goals” refers to actions community members can take to improve their health in connection with the communicated health facts. This article describes how the “Lights, Facts, and Goals” framework both simplifies the creation and communication of scientifically sound health messaging and strengthens the partnership between health agencies and trusted messengers in the community. Through “Lights, Facts, and Goals,” community-based organizations, community leaders, and their partners will be more effective at improving community health through messaging.
Comparing Predictors Influencing Restenosis Following High-Dose Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty and Fluoropolymer-Based Drug-Eluting Stenting in Femoropopliteal Artery Lesions
Authors: Kurata Naoya , Iida Osamu , Takahara Mitusyoshi , Asai Mitsutoshi , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Tsujimura Takuya , Hata Yousuke , Toyoshima Taku , Higashino Naoko , Nakao Sho , Mano Toshiaki
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Despite widespread use of anti-restenosis devices, drug-coated balloons (DCBs) and drug-eluting stents (DESs), their appropriate use for femoropopliteal (FP) lesions has not been well investigated and the risk factors for restenosis have not been compared. To investigate risk factors associated with restenosis after endovascular therapy using DCB and DES for contemporary FP lesions.

Materials and methods:

This single-center, retrospective, observational study evaluated 378 FP lesions in 273 patients treated with DCB (278 lesions in 193 patients) or DES (120 lesions in 106 patients). The DCB used was high-dose DCB (IN.PACT, Admiral. Medtronic, Inc.) and DES was fluoropolymer-based DES (ELUVIA, Boston Scientific). Vessel preparation failure was defined as a residual stenosis of ≥50% and a dissection grade of D or greater on pre-dilatation angiography. The outcome measure was restenosis, and factors associated with restenosis in the DCB and DES groups were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

The 2-year restenosis rate was not significantly different between the DCB and DES groups (29%±4% vs. 24%±5%, p=0.42). Interaction analysis demonstrated that popliteal lesions and plaque burden of ≥50% were restenosis-related factors for DES but not for DCB, whereas vessel preparation failure was a factor for DCB but not for DES (p<0.05). Vessel diameter of <6 mm and nodular calcification were risk factors in both groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

In contemporary FP lesions, smaller vessels and nodular calcification were shared restenosis-related factors for high-dose DCB and fluoropolymer-based DES. Popliteal lesions and plaque burden of ≥50% were restenosis-related factors for fluoropolymer-based DES and vessel preparation failure for high-dose DCB.

Clinical Impact

Shared and differential restenosis-related factors after endovascular therapy using high-dose drug-coated balloons (DCBs) and fluoropolymer-based drug-eluting stents (DESs) in contemporary femoropopliteal (FP) lesions are unclear. This single-center retrospective study included 378 FP lesions in 273 patients with lower-extremity arterial disease (high-dose DCB, 278 lesions in 193 patients; fluoropolymer-based DES, 120 lesions in 106 patients). Smaller vessels and calcified nodules were shared restenosis-related factors for both high-dose DCB and fluoropolymer-based DES, whereas popliteal lesions and plaque burden of ≥50% were restenosis-related factors for fluoropolymer-based DES and vessel preparation failure for high-dose DCB.
Preoperative and Prognostic Prediction of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jiang Yu , Wang Kang , Wang Yu-Ran , Xiang Yan-Jun , Liu Zong-Han , Feng Jin-Kai , Cheng Shu-Qun
Published: November 2023

Microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma is an important factor affecting tumor recurrence after liver resection and liver transplantation. There are many ways to classify microvascular invasion, however, an international consensus is urgently needed. Recently, artificial intelligence has emerged as an important tool for improving the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Many studies about microvascular invasion currently focus on preoperative and prognosis prediction of microvascular invasion using artificial intelligence. In this paper, we review the definition and staging of microvascular invasion, especially the diagnosis of it by using artificial intelligence. In preoperative prediction, deep learning based on multimodal data modeling of radiomics-screened features, clinical features, and medical images is currently the most effective means. In prognostic prediction, pathology is the gold standard, and the techniques used should more effectively utilize the global features of the pathology images.
Role of Hemodynamic Assessment and Limitations in Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index, Toe- Brachial Pressure Index to Predict Wound Healing After Revascularization
Authors: Argyriou Christos , Lazarides Miltos K. , Georgakarakos Efstratios , Georgiadis George S.
Published: November 2023

Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents one of the most severe forms of peripheral arterial disease implying impaired wound healing and tissue loss at the same time posing a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and a serious economic burden on healthcare systems around the world. A major challenge in the management of patients with CLTI is the validity and role of non-invasive hemodynamic parameters in assessing their clinical status before and after revascularization. Traditionally, the diagnosis of CLTI is routinely based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by measurements of non-invasive limb hemodynamics including ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) and toe-brachial pressure index (TBPI). However, whether these indices alone can provide definitive treatment or be used as adjunctive tool along with the implementation of novel techniques to help guide revascularization for CLI patients still remains unclear.
Back to the Basics in Predictive Modeling—Predicting Surgical Success
Authors: Terman Samuel W.
Published: November 2023

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Exploring the Interplay Between Lifestyle Medicine and Oral Health: A Bidirectional Relationship
Authors: Ciantelli Nara Maria Menezes , Yoong Jessica , Deschamps Jade , Jaqua Ecler Ercole
Published: November 2023

Lifestyle medicine, characterized by its evidence-based approach, recognizes the profound impact of lifestyle choices on overall health. The six pillars of lifestyle medicine encompass nutrition, physical activity, stress management, sleep, avoidance of risky substances, and social connections. While their significance in promoting general health is well-established, their specific influence on oral health is an area of growing interest. A balanced and nutritious diet contributes to strong teeth and healthy gums, while regular physical activity enhances blood circulation and salivary flow, which is vital for maintaining optimal oral health. Effective stress management techniques can mitigate oral health issues related to anxiety and bruxism. Quality sleep supports oral health, allowing for tissue repair and immune system rejuvenation. Avoiding risky substances like tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption reduces the risk of oral diseases such as periodontitis and oral cancer. Lastly, social connections and supportive networks positively influence oral health by promoting positive oral hygiene behaviors and providing access to dental care resources. Understanding the impact of lifestyle medicine's six pillars on oral health offers valuable insights for healthcare professionals and individuals seeking to improve their oral well-being.
Effect of extension of the ulnar fingers on force control and muscle activity of the hand during a precision pinch
Authors: Date Shota , Kurumadani Hiroshi , Kurauchi Kazuya , Fukushima Toshiyuki , Goto Naoya , Sunagawa Toru
Published: November 2023

Some individuals extend the three ulnar fingers when performing a precision pinch. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms and effect of the extension of the ulnar fingers during a pinch. When performing a pulp pinch task with the ulnar fingers in two positions (extension and flexion), 27 participants maintained 5% of their maximum force. The mean pinch force, force variability and time taken to reach the targeted force (reaching time) were calculated. Muscle activity was simultaneously measured, using surface electromyography, for nine muscles: the flexor pollicis brevis; abductor pollicis brevis; flexor pollicis longus; first lumbrical; first dorsal interosseous; flexor digitorum superficialis of the index finger; extensor indicis; and extensor digitorum of the index and ring fingers. No significant differences in the mean pinch force or force variability were found. However, the reaching time was significantly shorter (approximately 20% reduction) in the extension position and the activities in the flexor pollicis brevis, first lumbrical, extensor indicis and extensor digitorum of the ring finger were significantly higher. These findings suggest that extending the ulnar fingers during pinching enhances the activity of key muscles involved in the movement and allows for more rapid force exertion.
SALUTRACK: A smartphone application to evaluate and monitor injuries and health problems in athletes from the Balearic Islands
Authors: Sastre-Munar Andreu , Romero-Franco Natalia
Published: November 2023

Athletes and coaches often normalize injuries and pain to gain sports performance. Consistent supervision of workload and psycho-physiological aspects may prevent injuries and maximize performance, mainly integrating insights from healthcare and sports. Although these aspects could be facilitated through smartphone devices, no smartphone applications (apps) have been designed to monitor these aspects of the athlete experience. This study aimed to evaluate the capability of an app to collect sports and health data and identify areas for app enhancement. An observational study was designed to test the app (named: SaluTrack). Eleven young athletes, eight males and three females, were invited to participate. During 5 weeks, all participants used the app to complete four questionnaires periodically: wellness, pain, urinary incontinence (UI), and catastrophizing. The questionnaires were completed by 90.9% of participating athletes periodically. Regarding the wellness questionnaire, athletes responded with 10.94 ± 4.37 as the average rating. Regarding pain, all athletes who completed the questionnaire affirmed to have pain (3.63 ± 1.73), the knee being the anatomical region most affected (26.67%). Also, 27.27% of athletes affirmed to have UI. Regarding catastrophizing level, athletes showed 8.91 ± 9.02 points. Regarding qualitative feedback from athletes, we received three comments, all positive aspects gained from using this tool. SaluTrack showed to be an appropriate app to easily collect sports and health data from athletes related to wellness, pain, UI, and catastrophizing. This methodology is useful for weekly monitoring of potential injury risk and to improve coaching staff’s communication with athletes.
Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and adverse events in patients receiving tofacitinib or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: a post hoc analysis of ORAL Surveillance
Authors: Karpouzas George A. , Szekanecz Zoltán , Baecklund Eva , Mikuls Ted R. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Wang Cunshan , Sawyerr Gosford A. , Chen Yan , Menon Sujatha , Connell Carol A. , Ytterberg Steven R. , Mortezavi Mahta
Published: November 2023

Background:

In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), persistent inflammation and increasing disease activity are associated with increased risk of adverse events (AEs).

Objectives:

To assess relationships between RA disease activity and AEs of interest in patients treated with tofacitinib or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi).

Design:

This was a post hoc analysis of a long-term, postauthorization safety endpoint trial of tofacitinib versus TNFi.

Methods:

In ORAL Surveillance, 4362 patients aged ⩾50 years with active RA despite methotrexate, and ⩾1 additional cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, were randomized 1:1:1 to tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily or TNFi for up to 72 months. Post hoc time-dependent multivariable Cox analysis evaluated the relationships between disease activity [Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)], inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP)], and AEs of interest. The AEs included major adverse CV events (MACE), malignancies excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), venous thromboembolism (VTE), serious infections, herpes zoster (HZ), nonserious infections excluding HZ (NSI), and death.

Results:

Across treatments, risk for NSI was higher when patients had CDAI-defined active disease versus remission; MACE and VTE risks trended higher, but did not reach significance. Hazard ratios for MACE, malignancies excluding NMSC, VTE, infections, and death rose by 2–9% for each 5-mg/L increment in serum CRP. The interaction terms evaluating the impact of treatment assignment on the relationship between disease activity and AEs were all p > 0.05.

Conclusion:

In ORAL Surveillance, higher NSI risk was observed in the presence of active RA versus remission. The risk of MACE and VTE directionally increased in active disease versus remission, although statistical power was limited due to small event numbers in these categories. The relationship between active disease and AEs was not impacted by treatment with tofacitinib versus TNFi.

Registration:

NCT02092467.
Are Out-of-State Players the Target Market? A Geospatial Analysis of the Gambling Export Strategy in the United States
Authors: Philander Kahlil S.
Published: November 2023

Anecdotal evidence suggests that gambling venues are often placed in locations to attract players from outside the jurisdiction, as part of a gambling export strategy. This strategy may be appealing, as it can simultaneously increase local economic impacts while decreasing the proportional share of social costs to the host jurisdiction. This study examines the relative use of the gambling export strategy in the United States by developing a geospatial model of potential U.S. consumer demand to understand whether casinos are systematically located to attract out-of-state players. Based on 1,481 gambling venues found in the country, our naïve model indicates that 31.7% of potential demand in the United States is closer to an out-of-state casino than an in-state casino. Our discount model that accounts for distance indicates that this translates to 20.7% of potential demand in the United States. The results show significant difference at the state level, with out-of-state potential demand estimates ranging from 0% to 71.2%. These findings suggest that there may be further development in the U.S. gambling market as jurisdictions seek to recapture their own residents who are gambling out-of-state.