bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive Youth Development As an Anti-Racist Strategy
Authors: Brooks Merrian J. , Brissett Daniela , Ginsburg Kenneth R.
Published: October 2023

Adolescence, including preadolescence, is a time of profound opportunity when youth (aged 10–18 years) must have positive experiences that will shape them into contributing young adults. Yet too many people associate adolescence with problems or risk-taking behaviors. Positive youth development provides pediatric health professionals with guiding principles to create an environment where all youth can maximize adolescence to develop to their full potential. It supports all youth to develop into thriving natural explorers, a task as meaningful as when an infant learns to move or a toddler learns to communicate.

Keywords: positive youth development, resilience, strength-based programming
Achieving Equity for Opportunity Youth
Authors: Mmari Kristin , Jones Vanya
Published: October 2023

The term opportunity youth references young people between 16 and 24 years who are neither enrolled in school nor participating in the labor force. They are among the most challenging youth to serve for pediatric health professionals, as they live and operate outside the boundaries of the usual social structures meant to protect them. This chapter explores how to meet the needs of opportunity youth, focusing on equity concerns that often disadvantage Black, Indigenous, and People of Color; institutional systems that contribute to youth becoming disconnected; and opportunities for the health care system to engage with opportunity youth.

Keywords: opportunity youth, equity, health care sector
Child Health Advocacy and Anti-Racism
Authors: Raphael Jean L. , Beers Lee Savio
Published: October 2023

Increasing recognition of racism as a public health crisis has brought a new understanding of the historical context of marginalized communities and the policies (eg, redlining, gentrification, mass incarceration) implemented that have led to racial injustice. As pediatric health professionals embrace the necessary work of dismantling racism in medical education, clinical care, and research, they must adopt new principles and strategies in child health advocacy. This chapter provides an overview of child health advocacy, discusses advocacy as a professional standard, and outlines how to engage in advocacy centered on anti-racism.

Keywords: pediatrics, advocacy, anti-racism
The Model Minority Myth
Authors: Wong Y. Joel , Kang Jonathan
Published: October 2023

The model minority myth (MMM) is a cluster of oppressive ideologies and stereotypes that frame certain racially minoritized groups in the United States, especially Asian Americans, as more successful and hardworking than other minoritized groups. This chapter examines the dimensions and consequences of the MMM, critiques its validity, and elucidates its implications in pediatric health care. We primarily focus on Asian Americans while acknowledging that the model minority myth, as a term, has also been applied to other minoritized groups.

Keywords: model minority, Asian Americans, Black immigrants
A gondozás hatása a családi gondozók érzelmi jóllétére és egészségére.
Authors: Bagyura Márton , Leleszi-Tróbert Anett Mária , Széman Zsuzsanna
Published: October 2023

Bevezetés: Számos kutatás igazolta, hogy az idős hozzátartozók
gondozását végző családtagok (családi gondozók) súlyos megterhelésnek vannak
kitéve, amely negatív hatással lehet fizikai egészségükre és érzelmi jóllétükre
egyaránt. Célkitűzés: Tanulmányunkban a családi gondozás
fizikai egészségre és érzelmi jóllétre gyakorolt hatásának szubjektív megélését,
a gondozás miatti túlterheltség tapasztalatát, valamint az egészségi állapot
szubjektív megítélését vizsgáljuk idős hozzátartozót gondozók körében, három
hullámban felvett (2018, 2020, 2022), online kérdőíves felmérések adatainak
elemzésével. Módszer: A gondozás fizikai egészségre és érzelmi
jóllétre gyakorolt hatásának szubjektív megítélését és a gondozás miatti túlzott
igénybevétel megélését a COPE Index tételeinek segítségével vizsgáltuk. A
tanulmányban leíró statisztikákat, valamint khi-négyzet-próbával végzett
elemzéseket mutatunk be. Eredmények: Mindhárom kutatási hullám
adatai szerint, a válaszadók többsége mindig vagy gyakran érzékelte a gondozás
negatív hatását érzelmi jóllétére és fizikai egészségére, valamint több mint
fele tapasztalta meg mindig vagy gyakran a gondozás miatti túlterheltséget.
Szignifikáns összefüggés látható a gondozás fizikai egészségre és érzelmi
jóllétre gyakorolt hatásának megélése között: a két kérdésre a kitöltők több
mint 70%-a minden évben hasonló választ adott. A gondozás miatti túlterheltség
gyakoriságát és az egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélését mérő változók között
is szignifikáns az összefüggés: a gondozás miatti túl nagy igénybevételt
gyakrabban megtapasztalók között találhatók a legnagyobb arányban azok, akik
gyengének vagy nagyon gyengének tartják egészségi állapotukat. A válaszadók több
mint 60%-a tapasztalta mindig vagy gyakran a gondozás miatti túlzott
igénybevételt, köztük jellemző a leginkább az általános egészségi állapot
gyengének vagy nagyon gyengének való megítélése. Megbeszélés: A
szakirodalommal összhangban, eredményeink szerint a gondozásból fakadó terhek
negatív hatással lehetnek a családi gondozók fizikai egészségére és érzelmi
jóllétére. E két negatív hatás megélése a válaszadók többségénél együtt van
jelen. Következtetés: A gondozásnak számos negatív hatása lehet
a családi gondozók egészségi állapotára. Kutatásunk felhívja a figyelmet a
prevenció jelentőségére az idős hozzátartozót gondozók körében. Orv Hetil. 2023;
164(40): 1583–1591.
Az invazív urothelsejtes carcinoma morfológiai variánsai.
Authors: Pósfai Boglárka , Sánta Fanni , Schubert Anna , Semjén Dávid , Jenei Alex , Varga Linda , Kuthi Levente
Published: October 2023

Az urothelsejtes carcinoma a húgyutak leggyakoribb rosszindulatú daganata, amely
a vesemedencében, a húgyvezetékben, a húgyhólyagban és ritkán a húgycsőben
alakul ki. Szövetileg az urothelsejtes carcinomát nem invazív, illetve invazív
kategóriába soroljuk. Az előbbi papillaris növekedésű, általában jól
differenciált és kedvező kimenetelű, míg az utóbbi infiltratívan szűri be a
kiindulási szerveket, jellemzően rosszul differenciált, és gyakran rossz
prognózissal társul. Invazív urothelsejtes carcinoma esetén a kórlefolyást
elsődlegesen az invázió mélysége határozza meg, az újabb adatok szerint viszont
az urothelsejtes carcinoma morfológiai variánsai eltérően reagálnak az
onkológiai kezelésekre, továbbá ezek biológiai viselkedése is különböző. Ezek az
altípusok és variánsok hazánkban, illetve nemzetközileg is jelentősen
aluldiagnosztizáltak, ugyanis a szövettani kórisme kritériumai sok esetben nem
egyértelműek. A húgyúti daganatok legfrissebb, 2022. évi WHO-klasszifikációja
jelentősen pontosította az egyes altípusok és variánsok definícióit. Ebben a
dolgozatban az aktuális klasszifikációból kiindulva áttekintjük ezen altípusok,
illetve variánsok morfológiai, immunhisztokémiai, differenciáldiagnosztikai,
prognosztikai és prediktív jellemzőit azzal a céllal, hogy ezek minél inkább
megjelenjenek a mindennapi diagnosztikában. A munka célja továbbá az
urothelsejtes carcinoma egyes altípusainak és variánsainak bemutatása a hazai
patológus-, onkológus- és urológusközösségnek azért, hogy az eddigi magas szintű
uroonkológiai ellátás még inkább személyre szabottá válhasson. Orv Hetil. 2023;
164(40): 1567–1582.
Intercomprehension in public service interpreting and translation
Authors: Valero-Garcés Carmen
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, Western societies have become increasingly multilingual. However, the traditional strategies for communication between institutions and multilingual populations used in Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) have come under question, and alternative approaches are now being considered. One such alternative is intercomprehension (IC). The main objective of this research is two-fold: firstly, to explore the frequency and extent of IC in the study area; and secondly, to analyze the extent to which IC may help to eliminate barriers in PSIT when compared with traditional approaches to translation and interpreting. Data were collected over the course of 2015–2016 in central Spain (Madrid and the Henares Corridor) from surveys and discussions with ad hoc translators and interpreters. The research methodology integrates qualitative and quantitate analysis. The results show that IC is a means of communication in public services in Spain that deserves more consideration in both research and training contexts within the area of Translation and Interpreting Studies.
Rola radia jako medium ewangelizacyjnego. Współczesne formy i narzędzia oddziaływania w mediach
Authors: Ciechanowski Marcin
Published: October 2023

Contemporary media benefit from the unprecedented development of new information and communication technologies. This is due to the fact that the so-called traditional media, mainstream media, which include the press, radio, and television, combine in the process of convergence with new media, based on the flow of network data, and their integration in the last two decades has resulted in the change of manner in which we regard the radio, which is the subject of consideration in this article. This paper argues that it should be looked at from the perspective of widely understood media culture, even media civilization, as described by, among others, Drożdż in his book “Person and Media. A Personalistic Paradigm of Ethics in Media.” The article contains a set of ten measures regarding the properties of the radio medium as a tool for preaching the Word of God and is oriented towards applied research in the context of creating and running Catholic media with a role in evangelism.
EN PRENSA. Actividad coleoptericida de extractos enzimáticos de Neem (Azadirachta indica) sobre Aethina tumida. EN PRENSA
Authors: Rodríguez Dehaibes Sostenes , Flores Primo Argel , Domínguez Rincon Rufino , León García Elizabeth , Ramirez Elvira Karen , López Aguirre Samuel
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener extractos enzimáticos de semillas de neem verdes, secas y congeladas y evaluar el efecto coleoptericida sobre Aethina tumida en etapa larvaria. En la primera fase, se evaluó el efecto de la congelación (–20 °C) y deshidratación (50 °C) de la semilla verde sobre la liberación de azadiractina A. Posteriormente, se realizó la extracción enzimática empleando el preparado Crystalzyme® PML-MX, seguida de una extracción alcohólica al 80 % (v v-1). El extracto alcohólico se rotoevaporó y se evaluó su actividad coleoptericida sobre larvas y adultos de Aethina tumida utilizando la Torre de Burgerjon con concentraciones de 0, 0.05, 0.5, 50 y 500 ppm de azadiractina A. Los resultados indicaron que no existe diferencia estadística significativa en la concentración de azadiractina A al deshidratar o congelar las semillas de neem, asimismo, los extractos con 500 pmm de azadiractina A promovieron 100 % de mortalidad de larvas a las 48 h, las CL50 y CL90 calculadas fueron de 0.58 y 77.67 ppm respectivamente. De acuerdo con estos resultados, se concluye que los extractos enzimáticos de semillas de neem es una alternativa viable para el control biológico de Aethina tumida en etapa larvaria.
Chemical and mechanical analysis of VAPro-aged asphalt binders from different crude oil sources
Authors: Maschauer Daniel , Steiner Daniel , Mirwald Johannes , Hofko Bernhard
Published: October 2023

Asphalt binders change their properties over time under natural and anthropogenic influences since they are of organic origin. This leads to a deterioration of the mechanical behavior and, thus to higher stiffness and brittleness of the binder. This phenomenon is commonly known as “aging.” As a consequence, these changes have a negative impact on the low temperature and fatigue behavior of asphalt mix layers. The standardized RTFOT for STA and PAV for LTA are used to simulate aging in the laboratory on the bitumen scale. On the asphalt mix scale, various methods have been developed for either loose material or compacted specimens. This paper presents a recently developed conditioning method called the “Viennese Aging Procedure” (VAPro) for long-term aging of compacted HMA specimens at close-to-field conditions (T = 60°C and p ≤ 1 bar). Air enriched with traces of highly oxidizing gases (ozone and nitrogen oxides) is passed through the specimens to enhance the oxidation reaction. The chemical reactions triggered by VAPro are expected to be similar to field aging. The applicability of the method is demonstrated. Mixtures containing four binders of the same grade were aged. Significant differences in aging behavior can be observed. The VAPro-aging is about 1.2 to 2.6 times stronger than that of PAV in terms of stiffness increase on the binder level. The mechanical analysis is extended with FTIR measurements. It is shown that this method is of great use in evaluating aging behavior and detecting poorly performing binders.
The Characteristics of Korean Exports to Brazil from the Perspective of Export Diversification
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Yoon Taek-Dong
Published: October 2023

Purpose - The Korean economy has been growing rapidly with Five-Year Economic Development Plans since the 1960s. It is generally accepted that foreign trade has been a key factor in the rapid growth of the economy. Initially, the growth of Korean exports was concentrated in a small number of countries. Over time, this high concentration became a threat to the stable growth of the Korean economy. This was the main reason why the need for Korean export diversification emerged.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Most analyses of Korea's foreign trade by Korean researchers have focused on total exports and important countries. On the other hand, there are not many studies on other small and medium-sized countries. With the recent publication of several papers on Korea's exports to Brazil, it is now possible to examine the characteristics of Korean exports to the Brazilian market as a part of diversification of exports.
Findings - Integrating four recent papers on Korean exports to Brazil, Chapter 3 discusses their main characteristics; the process of Korean penetration into the Brazilian market, the changes in export trends from Korea to Brazil, the relationship between Korean exports to Brazil, and the Brazilian macroeconomic policy/situation, as well as others.
Research Implications - Despite the limitations of analyzing only one country, Brazil, this paper not only sheds new light on various characteristics of Korean exports to the Brazilian market, but also suggests new approaches and analytical methods for future research on Korea's foreign trade and export diversification.
Comparison Study on Impacts of Chinese Consumers' Ethnocentrism on Purchase Behavior to Green Automobiles form Korea and U.S.
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Lee You-Kyung , Liu Yu
Published: October 2023

Purpose - China is one of the most fast-growing green automobile market. However, it is not easy to enter the Chinese green automobile market for global automaker companies. One of the entry barriers into Chinese green automobile market is Chinese consumers’ ethnocentrism. Political and economic conflicts between China and major exporting countries seem further intensify the ethnocentrism of Chinese consumers. Therefore, the study tries to empirically test whether the Chinese consumer ethnocentrism negatively affect consumers’ attitude and behavior to Korean vs. U.S. green automobiles.
Design/Methodology/Approach - The study collected 423 Chinese consumer samples at the automobile exhibition in China and analyze the data using structural equation modeling with AMOS22.
Findings - The study results show that Chinese consumer ethnocentrism is negatively related with product perceived social value and trust for Korean green automobiles, while Chinese consumer ethnocentrism is negatively related with only product perceived social value for U.S. green automobiles. Meanwhile, Chinese consumer ethnocentrism has no significant impacts on purchase intention for Korean and U.S. green automobiles.
Research Implications - The study results serve an evidence how global green automobile companies respond to consumer ethnocentrism in China. The study also presents theoretical and practical implications for building a successful international marketing strategy for green automobile market in China.
Financial control in the field of protection of state secrets
Authors: Anisiforov T. S.
Published: October 2023

The article considers the legal basis for the implementation of financial control in the field of protection of state secrets. The problem associated with the activities of financial control bodies over the spending and expediency of ongoing measures aimed at ensuring the protection of state secrets is analyzed. Proposals are made to improve legislation in terms of conducting inspections in relation to expenses allocated from the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation to finance activities to ensure the protection of state secrets.
Subjects of legal relations arising in the process of public social expenditures
Authors: Zabralova O. S.
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the institutional subsystem of the mechanism for the implementation of public expenditures in the social sphere. In the framework of this study, the author analyzes the features of the legal status of public legal entities, collective and individual subjects of legal relations that develop in the process of implementing social spending.
Glaucoma in Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome. A Clinical Case
Authors: Starostina Anna V. , Sidorova Alla V. , Burlakov Konstantin S. , Khabazova Matgarita R.
Published: October 2023

Background: AxenfeldRieger syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous group of morphogenesis disorders associated with abnormal development of the anterior segment of the eye, teeth, the organ of hearing, and abdominal region. Сongenital glaucoma, which is refractory to standard methods of treatment due to pronounced changes in the structures of the anterior segment of the eyeball and other comorbidities, is frequent manifestation of this syndrome. There are several methods for treating glaucoma in patients with AxenfeldRieger syndrome: sinus trabeculectomy, implantation of drainage devices and transscleral cyclocoagulation. Сlinical case description: A patient with congenital glaucoma associated with AxenfeldRieger syndrome underwent sinus trabeculectomy with posterior scleral trepanation in the right eye and valve drainage implantation in the left eye at the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow due to the intraocular pressure decompensation. In the postoperative period, an encapsulated cyst around the body of the drainage was detected, and then a revision of the operation area was performed. After the anti-glaucoma operations, the intraocular pressure compensation was achieved in the follow-up period up to 9 months. Conclusion: Depending on the degree of the changes in the anterior chamber angle structures, sinus trabeculectomy or valve drainage implantation are the methods of choice for the surgical treatment aimed at the intraocular pressure compensation and visual function preservation in patients with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.
Expert Judgment in the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model
Authors: Christophersen Annemarie , Gerstenberger Matthew C.
Published: October 2023

The 2022 revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model—Te Tauira Matapae Pūmate Rū i Aotearoa (NZ NSHM 2022) is, like other regional and national seismic hazard models, a collection of many component models that are combined via logic trees to calculate various parameters of seismic hazard. Developing, selecting, and combining component models for the NZ NSHM 2022 requires expert judgment. Informal and unstructured use of expert judgment can lead to biases. Drawing on a broad body of literature on potential biases in expert judgment and how to mitigate them, we used three approaches to incorporate expert judgment with the aim to minimize biases and understand uncertainty in seismic hazard results. The first approach applied two closely aligned group structures—the Science Team Working Groups and the Technical Advisory Group (TAG). The groups between them defined the project and made the scientific decisions necessary to produce the final model. Second, the TAG provided the function of a participatory review panel, in which the reviewers of the NSHM were actively engaged throughout the project. The third approach was performance-based weighting of expert assessments, which was applied to the weighting of the logic trees. It involved asking experts so-called calibration questions with known answers, which were relevant to the questions of interest, that is, the logic-tree weights. Each expert provided their best estimates with uncertainty, from which calibration and information scores were calculated. The scores were used to weight the experts’ assessments. The combined approach to incorporating expert judgment was intended to provide a robust and well-reviewed application of seismic hazard analysis for Aotearoa, New Zealand. Robust expert judgment processes are critical to any large science project, and our approach may provide learnings and insights for others.
Modelado y simulación de la inactivación de patógenos con higienizantes en un tanque de lavado de alimentos operado en continuo y con flujo turbulento
Authors: Moreno Razo Ari Salvador , Martínez-López Nerea , García Míriam R.
Published: October 2023

Las autoridades de seguridad alimentaria en los últimos años están demandando avances en el modelado y simulación de la lavado de frutas y verduras que permitan diseñar modos de operación sostenible (mínimo consumo de agua) garantizando la seguridad final del alimento Se requiere, además, evitar que los residuos y patógenos se trasladen del agua de lavado al alimento (contaminación cruzada). En este estudio, se simula el proceso de lavado y desinfección en un tanque industrial en régimen turbulento. Para modelar el transporte de especies (desinfectante, patógenos y materia orgánica), se considera la ecuación de advección-difusión. Para describir la inactivación de los patógenos en el agua, se incluye el modelo de reacción describiendo las interacciones entre las distintas especies. Los resultados revelan que, aunque un incremento en las velocidades del flujo (aumento de la turbulencia) genera mayor homogeneidad en la distribución de desinfectante, el tiempo característico del proceso resulta insuficiente para inactivar eficazmente los patógenos en el agua.
Operación óptima de un sistema de refrigeración combinada
Authors: Serrano Rodríguez Juan Miguel , Gil Vergel Juan Diego , Bonilla Javier , Palenzuela Patricia , Roca Lidia
Published: October 2023

Uno de los retos que se plantea en plantas termosolares de producción de electricidad es el elevado consumo de agua, que proviene principalmente del proceso de refrigeración del ciclo de potencia. Los sistemas de refrigeración combinados (húmeda+seca) se presentan como una potencial solución, ya que además del menor consumo de agua requerido, evitan la penalización en la eficiencia del bloque de potencia en comparación con los sistemas de refrigeración convencionales. El presente trabajo analiza la aplicación de estrategias de optimización para un sistema de refrigeración combinado con el fin de evaluar la configuración de operación más adecuada atendiendo a distintos criterios de operación y ambientales. Para ello, se han desarrollado modelos basados en redes neuronales de cada componente del sistema combinado, para lo que se ha llevado a cabo una exhaustiva campaña experimental en una planta piloto de la Plataforma Solar de Almería - CIEMAT. El potencial de la estrategia de optimización es analizada mediante la simulación de distintos casos de estudio.
Analisis Dampak Reklamasi Pantai Manado dari Sudut Pandang Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Zougira Hikmah , Prasetyoningsih Nanik
Published: October 2023

The development of coastal areas using reclamation is an activity that is quite active in the city of Manado. Many coastal communities do not agree with reclamation because this activity is considered to only bring problems for them. loss of sea area as a place of livelihood is the core problem of reclamation, as a result, this has an impact on the economic decline of coastal communities. The purpose of this study regarding Manado Beach reclamation is to examine it from a human rights perspective. This research method is normative-empirical. Based on the results of Manado reclamation research, it has violated the human rights inherent in fishermen, this violates the Republic of Indonesia Law Article 28, Law 39/1999 Article 1 (1), Law No 1/2014 in conjunction with Law No 27/2007 Article 1 (31), Law No 27/2007 Article 23 (5), Article 34 (2), Article 63 (1), Permen No 25/PERMEN-KP/2019 Article 16 (1) and Manado City Regional Regulation No 1/2017 Article 23(2). As a result of this behavior, the perpetrators can be tried with sanctions written in the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Regulation No. 25/PERMEN-KP/2019 Article 17 (1), (2), (3) in general, the holder of a reclamation permit is obliged to provide compensation to people who affected by reclamation activities.
Mikroskop Digital, Otomatis, dan Portabel berbasis Raspberry Pi dengan Catu Daya DC
Authors: Hidayat Cahyadi A. , Simbolon Sbelgcamp D. , Dilivio Gabriel J. , Muttaqin Muhammad , Ramadhani Uri A. , Faisal Amir , Prabowo Bagas P. , Rahman Yusuf A.
Published: October 2023

Mikroskop cahaya dapat digunakan untuk melakukan magnifikasi dan melihat objek mikroskopis seperti bakteri, virus, atau sel untuk tujuan diagnosis suatu penyakit. Dalam melakukan pengamatan berdasarkan jumlah sampel yang banyak, ahli laboratorium rentan terhadap kelelahan, kesalahan, dan subjektivitas pengamatan. Oleh karena itu, kamera digital, komputer mini raspberry pi, layar liquid crystal display (LCD), motor stepper, catu daya dan bahasa pemrograman python digunakan sebagai komponen pendukung mikroskop cahaya untuk mengakusisi sampel laboratorium yang diamati dalam format digital sehingga dapat dilakukan operasi pengolahan citra pada raspberry pi dan ditampilkan hasilnya di layar LCD. Sedangkan motor stepper dan driver motor digunakan untuk menggeser meja sampel secara otomatis. Semua proses ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman python. Hal ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi beban pengamat dalam melihat dan menggeser slide sampel sebanyak 100 kali. Sistem akuisisi citra digital dan penggeseran meja sampel otomatis ini dirancang pada mikroskop cahaya portabel mampu meng-capture sampel pada kaca preparat menjadi citra digital, menggeser kaca preparat 100 kali, dan dilengkapi dengan catu daya 220 Volt sehingga dapat digunakan di fasilitas kesehatan manapun di Indonesia. Mikroskop digital, otomatis, dan portabel berbasis platform komputer mini raspberry pi ini dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium berbagai penyakit seperti tuberculosis, malaria, atau leukimia dengan efisien dan efektif sehingga dapat mempermudah proses diagnosis penyakit dan dapat meningkatkan layanan kesehatan di berbagai daerah di Indonesia dan berkontribusi dalam penurunan dan eliminasi berbagai penyakit.
Magnitude and Determinants of Awareness Regarding Refractive Surgeries Among Saudi Adults
Authors: AlHuthail Reem , AlEssa Dalal , Abualnaja Amani , AlKhalaf Shuruq , AlQahtani Nadeef , AlDosari Yara , AlNojaidi Jood , AlDosari Dalal , AlRuwaili Shahad
Published: October 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to present the magnitude and determinants of awareness about refractive surgery among the adult Saudi population and recommend knowledge improvement. Methods: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2020 and May 2021 across various regions of Saudi Arabia on the adult Saudi population. A total of 11 close-ended questions regarding indication, contraindication, preparation and surgery procedures were asked. The awareness scores were grouped as ‘good’ (≥6) or ‘poor’ (≤5). Demographic and ocular parameters were associated with the outcomes. Results: Of the 6,746 participants, 6,580 (response rate = 97.5%) completed the survey. The participation of younger women and older men was greater than their proportions in the population, while older women participated less than their proportion. Good awareness about refractive surgery was noted in 1,165 (17.7%; 95% confidence interval: 16.2–18.0) participants. Women (P <0.001), the 18–29 age group (P <0.001), residents of the central region of Saudi Arabia (P <0.001), health professionals (P <0.001), health sector students (P = 0.0004), people with myopia (P <0.001) and history of refractive surgery (P <0.001) were associated with good awareness. Women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.5; P <0.001), health sector students (AOR = 1.57; P <0.001), and residents in the central region (AOR = 1.27; P <0.001) were independent predictors of awareness. Knowledge about contraindications for surgery was good in more than one-third of the participants. Of the 535 participants who underwent surgery in the past, 452 (84.5%) were satisfied with their outcomes. Conclusion: Awareness of refractive surgeries is low in the adult Saudi population. Targeted counseling is recommended to improve the knowledge and acceptance of refractive surgery.
Keywords: Refractive Surgeries; Awareness; Survey; LASIK; Refractive Errors; Saudi Arabia.
Differential Gene Expression Profiles in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients from Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Blnd Ibrahim , Amin Bushra K
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), generally comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has become a significant global public health concern in the last decade. This study aimed to determine the alternations in the whole genomic expression profile of patients with IBD in this geographic location for the first time, as there are very few articles in the literature addressing this specific aspect of the field. Methods: The study was conducted in Erbil Governorate in the Kurdistan region of Iraq from July 2021 to July 2022. The genome expression profiles of 10 patients with IBD were compared to their matched controls. The sequences used in the design of the array were selected from GenBank®, dbEST and RefSeq. Whole blood RNA was extracted and hybridisation was conducted on the GeneChip® human genome U133A 2.0 array. The Scanner 3000 was used to scan high-resolution images and the General Comprehensive Operating System was used to read the results. Results: The upregulated genes shared between patients with UC and CD were RIT2, BCL2L1, MDM2 and FKBP8, while the downregulated genes they shared were the NFKBIB, DDX24 and RASA3 genes. Conclusions: Upregulated and downregulated gene expression patterns were detected in individuals with IBD, offering diagnostic potential and opportunities for treatment by targeting the associated pathways.
Keywords: Crohn’s Disease; Gene Expression; Genes; Colitis, Ulcerative; Iraq.
Case Series of Midazolam-Induced Seizures-Like Activity in Five Neonates
Authors: Shaker Heba , Al-Amrani Fatema , Al Mandhari Hilal
Published: October 2023

An intravenous administration of midazolam may result in seizure-like activity or movement. This report describes five neonates who developed seizure-like movements after intravenous midazolam injection. The patients presented between 2019 and 2022. The abnormal movements occurred shortly after intravenous bolus administration of midazolam. None of our patients experienced seizure-like movements after receiving midazolam infusions. The seizure-like movements were aborted either spontaneously or by antiseizure medications. Also, we did not observe any seizure recurrence in any of the infants during the later stages of their treatment. Since this adverse effect might be related to the speed of the bolus administration, intravenous midazolam must be given as a slow bolus over 2-3 minutes followed by a slow flush of normal saline. To prevent midazolam's potential adverse effect on newborns, neonatal caregivers must be aware of it.
Keywords: Midazolam; Injection, intravenous, Seizures; Infant, Newborn; Hypnotics and Sedatives.
Erdheim-Chester Disease Presenting as Bilateral Facial Masses
Authors: Qureshi Asim , Bakathir Abdulaziz , Qureshi Fizza , Beg Amanullah , Shalaby Asem
Published: October 2023

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with unknown etiology. It is recently recognized to be neoplastic with genetic mutations affecting the mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. We here present a case of a 49-year-old female who initially presented in 2012 with bilateral facial masses to a tertiary care center. These were removed but later recurred over a period of ten years. She then presented with xanthelasmas, bone lesions, secondary infertility due to hypothalamic hypogonadism, diabetes insipidus, and Hashimoto’s hypothyroidism. The facial masses were biopsied, and they showed classic morphological features in the form of diffuse infiltration by foamy histiocytes, with scattered Touton type of giant cells, patchy lymphocytic infiltrates, and dense fibrosis. The presented ECD case is particularly interesting due to the recurrent bilateral facial masses.  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case in Oman.  The patient is stable and is being followed up in the clinic.
Keywords: Erdheim-Chester disease, Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Function of Death in the Unconscious: J. Lacan's Interpretation of the Theory of Z. Freud
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University, Alekseev P.Yu.
Published: October 2023

In this article the function of death in the Unconscious on the basis of the comparative analysis of theories of Z. Freud and J. Lacan is considered. In this context the death is considered as plural and repeating, included in a symbolical order of an exchange by the signifiers. The conclusion is drawn that a way what the subject finds the death completely is certain by that order of the signifiers at which death function is present as one of ways of relations of the subject to the Other.
Psychosemantic Approach to the Research of the Integrated Personality’s Image
Authors:   Saratov State University, Abrosimova J.A.
Published: October 2023

The main aspects of the psychosemantic approach to the integrated personality’s image are expounded in the article. The brief review of the structural analysis’s results of the meanings systems of this phenomenon in everyday and scientific awareness is held up. The directions of following researches and ways of the usage of gotten results in the contexts of recessionary mental therapy and optimization of social interaction are denoted.
Confession Destruction in Cultural Forms of Globalization
Authors:   Volgograd Cooperative Institute (branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation, Drinova E.M.
Published: October 2023

This article is about the phenomenon of confession destruction in theoretical models of global culture, its synthesis and conflict. The variety of forms and fundamental character of this concept is analyzed in the context of «modernization syndrome». The essence of this phenomenon is caused by the actualization of destructive contradictions religious dominant.
Perception of Conditions Health and Illness as the Analoque of Adaptive Strategy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Orlova M.M.
Published: October 2023

The subjective perception of experience of health and illness which depending on expressiveness alexithymia is considered in article. The author offers the description of two basic strategy of experience of these conditions: active and passive. The revealed features elaborate representations about an internal picture of health and illness as the uniform adaptable process realizing both of form: the self-attitude and the attitude to the world; at the same time this process is a part of adaptable potential of the person.
Międzynarodowa pomoc administracyjna państw członkowskich UE w zapobieganiu i zwalczaniu oszustw związanych z VAT
Authors: Krysztofiak Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

International administrative assistance of EU Member States in preventing and combating VAT fraud. Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to identify and present the rules of administrative assistance between EU Member States in the field of VAT aimed at combating fraud. Administrative assistance instruments such as automatic exchange of information, information exchange on request, information exchange with- out prior request, Eurofisc network, Multilateral Controls (MLC) and Presence in Administrative Offices and Participation in Administrative Enquiries (PAOE) were characterised and compared. Finally, the challenges faced by the tax administrations of EU Member States in the combating fraud were presented. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the purpose, an analysis of legal acts was used, including in particular Council Regulation (EU) No. 904/2010 of 7 October 2010 on administrative coopera- tion and combating fraud in the field of Value Added Tax as well as the documents published by the European Commission and issued internal by Supreme Audit Office (Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, NIK). Findings: Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that close cooperation between administrations is of great importance for the efficiency of the tax authorities of all EU Member States. The exchange of information between Member States should mainly be based on joint analysis of information and joint direct actions. Such an innovative approach will enable full use of the anti-fraud tools available within the European Union and, consequently, will contribute to faster elimination of VAT fraud. Cooperation between countries using the tools described in this chapter is the most appropriate way to combat cross-border VAT fraud.
INDÍGENAS YANOMAMI NO BRASIL
Authors: De Paiva Toledo André , Di Benedetto Saverio , Bizawu Kiwonghi
Published: October 2023

Este artigo trata das implicações jurídicas, no Brasil, da ocupação tradicional da terra pelos indígenas Yanomami, tendo como marco inicial construção da Rodovia Perimetral Norte em 1973, o que correspondeu a um grande afluxo de não indígenas e conflitos fundiários. Procura-se demonstrar, analisando as Constituições brasileiras posteriores a 1967, as normas infraconstitucionais recepcionadas, os tratados internacionais e a jurisprudência interamericana, que a ordem jurídica no Brasil prevê a posse das terras indígenas, o usufruto de seus recursos naturais, a demarcação e a desintrusão. Contudo, o Estado viola sistematicamente esses direitos, causando eventualmente crises humanitárias. Esse grave fenômeno ocorreu duas vezes. Na Ditadura, especialmente de 1975 a 1990, e durante a crise da Democracia brasileira, a partir de 2014. Em ambos, os órgãos do sistema interamericano de direitos humanos foram provocados. Embora estejam bem desenvolvidos os direitos indígenas no Brasil, sua efetividade ainda é um desafio, em razão da oposição política de determinados grupos sociais, o que culmina, em períodos de maior fragilidade democrática, em crises humanitárias que são objeto de análise pela Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, que têm competência de agir face ao Brasil.
PAPEL DO GÊNERO NA MITIGAÇÃO E ADAPTAÇÃO ÀS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS EM CABO VERDE
Authors: Matos Pedro Andrade , Andrea Ferreira Garcia Gisseila , Aparecida dos Santos Mirtes Aparecida dos Santos
Published: October 2023

O tema deste trabalho refere-se à contribuição de gênero na mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas em Cabo Verde. Partindo da seguinte questão: de que maneira a igualdade de gênero contribui na eficácia das estratégias de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas em Cabo Verde? Entende-se que a promoção da igualdade de gênero pode levar a uma maior eficácia das estratégias de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas em Cabo Verde, uma vez que mulheres e homens têm diferentes papéis e responsabilidades em relação ao meio ambiente e suas necessidades. Perspectivas devem ser consideradas para enfrentar os desafios climáticos. A metodologia utilizada inclui a revisão bibliográfica, a partir da Teoria da Justiça Ambiental de Gênero, além de documentos e legislações nacionais e internacionais sobre gênero e mudanças climáticas. Concluiu-se que as relações de gênero devem ser incluídas como questões transversais no debate dos impactos, mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas. Para tal, o artigo apresenta algumas recomendações políticas em relação à igualdade de gênero e mudanças climáticas no contexto cabo-verdiano.
E-sodelovanje E-seniorjev
Authors: Gričar Jože
Published: October 2023

E-senior je oseba, ki za delo, učenje in zabavo pogosto uporablja internet, vključno z digitalnimi orodji vseh vrst. Usposobljena je za uporabo e-tehnologije in uspešno izrabljanje razpoložljivih e-storitev, ki jih nudijo organizacije v okolju. V procesu aktivnega staranja se e-seniorji povezujejo v omrežja, ki so sodobna organizacijska oblika odprte in prilagodljive združbe, ki temelji na izrabljanju e-tehnologije. E-sodelovanje e-seniorjev je pogoj za učinkovito in uspešno razvijanje srebrne ekonomije. Prikazani so primeri delovanja nekterih takih omrežij in priporočila za smiselno pospešeno vključevanje e-seniorjev v razvijanje srebrne ekonomije, skladno z njihovimi potrebami, željami in možnostmi.
Užitek je odkleniti vrata
Authors: Mulej Matjaž
Published: October 2023

Dve bolezni, ki jih doživljam doma, sta (pokojne Ivke) Alzheimerjeva in (moja) Parkinsonova bolezen. Ne moremo ju pozdraviti, lahko pa ju odložimo in lajšamo, če ravnamo, kot povejo tukaj povzeti in drugi viri. Ko se staramo, sta vse bolj pogosti, a ne nujni niti nujno smrtno nevarni. Obakrat gre za poškodbo možganskega tkiva, vzroki niso znani, potek bolj ali manj je. Nisem zdravnik, imam pa izkušnje, dolge več desetletij. Očitno znajo pri Parkinsonu bolje pomagati kot pri Alzheimerju. Meni reden tenis pomaga že preko 30 let, tablete Nikom Mite zadnji dobri dve leti. Za Ivko tablet nismo dobili. Najbolj priporočajo namizni tenis, pa tudi plavanje in ples, ko gre za Parkinsonovo bolezen, a tenis je najbolj priporočljiv (meni je tudi blizu doma in blizu utečene navade, saj ga igram preko 70 let). Za zdaj torej imam neozdravljivo bolezen in nisem bolan, sem pa discipliniran.
Bolečina v križu – epidemija zadnjih desetletij
Authors: Turk Zmago , Turk Eva
Published: October 2023

Bolečina v križu je ena najpogostejših zdravstvenih težav sodobnega človeka. Terapija je običajno konzervativna in simptomatska, saj je v večini primerov etiologija nepoznana. Bolečine v križu so družbeno kompleksen, večvzročen problem z veliko soodvisnostmi, razumevanjem in obravnavanjem interakcij med kronično bolečino in družbenimi determinantami zdravja, ki vključuje sodelovanje različnih sektorjev.
Slovenski znanstveniki in znanstveniki na Slovenskem na znamkah in denarju
Authors: Nemec Jože
Published: October 2023

Na znamkah so pogosto prikazane znamenite osebnosti in med te sodijo tudi znanstveniki. V prispevku je pregled znamk, ki so posvečene slovenskim znanstvenikom. Predstavljene pa so tudi tiste znamke, ki prikazujejo tuje znanstvenike, ki so delovali ali pa nekaj časa bivali na slovenskem ozemlju. Dodatno so omenjena tudi denarna sredstva (kovanci in bankovci), ki prikazujejo znanstvenike ali njihova dela.
Indywidualny okup jako narzędzie uwolnienia z niewoli wojennej w Europie Zachodniej w późnym średniowieczu (XI–XIV wiek)
Authors: Niewiński Andrzej
Published: October 2023

Istotną kwestią w badaniu zjawiska jeniectwa w wiekach średnich jest jego merkantylizacja. Jeniectwo miało istotny wymiar ekonomiczny, związany z czerpaniem zysków z okupu. Okup za jeńców stanowił ważną część dochodu z działań wojennych w średniowieczu i zarazem najważniejsze narzędzie w odzyskiwaniu wolności po dłużej lub krócej trwającej niewoli. Okup, czyli ekwiwalent finansowy za zachowanie jeńca przy życiu i zwrócenie mu wolności, regulowany był (w podstawowym wymiarze prawnym) odgórnie i praktyka korzystania z niego wyraźnie stabilizowała się w wiekach średnich. Instytucjonalizacja dotyczyła także działań prawno-administracyjnych (np. dokumentacji związanej z wydawanymi poświadczeniami wpłacenia okupu).
Wielowymiarowość dezinformacji w wojnie – wybrane przykłady stosowania dezinformacji jako narzędzia wojny
Authors: Derlatka Katarzyna Ewa
Published: October 2023

Dezinformację jako narzędzie wojny można postrzegać w różnych wymiarach: wojskowym, społecznym, gospodarczym, politycznym i psychologicznym. Oprócz dezinformacji na wojnie stosuje się szereg mechanizmów, które mają na celu osiągnięcie przewagi poprzez wprowadzenie przeciwnika w błąd, wywarcie na niego presji, wymuszenie odwrotnego od zamierzonego przez niego działania. Mowa tu o wojnie psychologicznej i operacjach psychologicznych, maskowaniu operacyjnym (maskirowce), oszustwie wojskowym (decepcji). W artykule zaprezentowano wybrane przykłady stosowania dezinformacji w historii wojen.
Comparative Evaluation of Different Aloe vera Forms Over Quail Performance during Summer
Authors: Kichloo Arif Ashraf , Khan Nazam , Sharma R.K. , Mahajan Vikas , Kour Kawardeep , Gupta Antra
Published: October 2023

Background: Aloe vera (AV) bears antioxidant properties and may improve quail performance during summer. But its action depends upon route of supplementation and dosage. This study thus assesses different AV supplementation forms (Powder and gel) on performance of quail during summer. Methods: Three hundred day old quail chicks were randomly distributed into 5 groups having 4 replicates of 15 birds. Dietary treatments were: C (Basal diet; BD), T1 (BD + 0.4% AV powder as dietary additive), T2 (BD + 0.6% AV powder), T3 (BD + 0.4% AV gel via drinking water) and T4 (Basal diet + 0.6% AV gel via drinking water). Dry-wet bulb temperature was recorded at 7:30 am and 2:30 pm throughout the 6 weeks trial to calculate Temperature humidity index (THI). Growth traits were observed during trial, but carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters were analysed at sixth week of age. Result: THI results revealed that quail birds were in moderate, severe and very severe heat stress during morning, but they experienced very severe heat stress at day time. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly better (p less than 0.05) in T4 than control and T1, but intermediate values were observed in T2 and T3. Cholesterol was significantly reduced in T4 than C, although intermediate values were seen in T1, T2 and T3. Carcass characteristics (as % live weight) showed no difference. It was concluded that 0.6% AV gel supplementation improved FCR during summer months.
Modern university as quantorium and universum: Educational worlds of noospheric history
Authors:   Ivanovo State University, Smirnov Dmitry G.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the problems of extreme transitivity of the modern university education as a competition between two historically established strategies — classical university (university as a universe of knowledge) and polytechnic (quantorium) university. The idea is substantiated that the co-evolution of the biosphere, sociosphere and technosphere, reflected in the global mosaic educational space, generates competition between various variations of the university consciousness and worldview. It is shown that the intellectual university history, as the information revolution unfolds, is gradually turning into a noospheric history, which assumes the explosive nature of the global human revolution in the 21st century. The conclusion is made about the formation of developed forms of “university cephalization” of humanity within the framework of university models of hybrid co-evolution of natural mind and artificial intelligence.