bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Umbrella-Shaped Topology for Broadband MEMS Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting
Authors: Jia Yu , Du Sijun , Seshia Ashwin A.
Published: December 2019

While cantilever topologies offer high power responsiveness for MEMS vibration energy harvesting (VEH), they are less robust than multiply clamped or membrane topologies. This paper attempts to address this topological optimisation dilemma by attempting to achieve both high power density and robustness. The proposed umbrella-shaped topology constituents of a single central anchor while the membrane area extends outwards and is further enclosed by a ring of proof mass. Implemented on a 0.5 µm AlN on 10 µm doped Si process, a fabricated device (121 mm2 die area) recorded a peak power of 173 µW (1798 Hz and 0.56 g). The normalised power density compares favourably against the state-of-the-art cantilever piezoelectric MEMS VEH, while not sacrificing robustness. Furthermore, this device offers a broadband response, and it has experimentally demonstrated over 3 times higher band-limited noise induced power density than a cantilevered harvester fabricated using the same process.
Omnidirectional low frequency energy harvester for wearable applications
Authors: Ou Christine , Pinrod Visarute , Davaji Benyamin , Lal Amit
Published: December 2019

We present an omnidirectional energy harvester with lowest resonance mode at 14.85 Hz. The geometry is designed as a spiral shaped, 500 μm thick PZT lateral bimorph to achieve a low resonance frequency while minimizing the area required. The resonance modes and frequencies of the energy harvester are investigated with COMSOL eigenfrequency study. The resonance modes of translation in x, y, z, and rotation around x, y, and z have resonance frequencies at 23.4, 22.9, 14.9, 34.0, 33.6, and 25.5 Hz, respectively. Multiple resonance modes widen bandwidth and enable harvesting energy from all directions. The energy harvester is mounted inside a 3D printed package that can be worn on a human wrist. The design of the package mimics the approximate size of a typical smartwatch, and the motion from walking is along the most sensitive axes of the harvester. It produces an output of 900 mV peak-to-peak for an optimum load of 1.8 megaohms and provided 0.45 microwatts. The output voltage is high enough to charge a battery through commercial diodes.
Textile-based freestanding triboelectric-layer nanogenerator with alternate positive and negative grating structure
Authors: Paosangthong W , Torah R , Beeby S
Published: December 2019

This paper reports a novel design of textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with alternate grated strips of positive and negative triboelectric material operating in freestanding triboelectric-layer mode (pnG-TENG). Whereas most grating-structured TENGs operating in a freestanding triboelectric-layer mode comprise gratings of one type of triboelectric material separated by air gaps, this design presents a replacement of the air gaps by another triboelectric material with the opposite polarity to the existing triboelectric material. The pnG-TENG with 10 gratings of PTFE and nylon fabric delivers an open-circuit voltage of 250 V, a short-circuit current of 5.94 µA and a maximum peak power of 600 µW at a load resistance of ueoµΩ and a mechanical oscillation of 2 Hz. This corresponds to a maximum power density of 186 mW/m2, which is 1.73 and 2.20 times greater than the power generated by the TENG with single triboelectric material and the TENG with no grating, respectively.
A Proof-of-Concept 70 nA ECG Processor for Real-Time R-Wave and NN50 Detection
Authors: Töreyin Hakan
Published: December 2019

Unobtrusive health monitoring applications necessitate accurate, real-time, and energy-efficient computation of health-related parameters. Two important parameters for cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic health assessment are heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). In this paper, an energy-efficient mixed-signal processor ASIC for real-time monitoring of HR and NN50, a well-established HRV score for parasympathetic activity assessment, is presented. The proposed ASIC, designed in a 0.5 μm CMOS technology, detects R-waves of ECG signals and compares successive R-R intervals to identify the NN50 events in real-time. Post-layout simulation results using ECG signals of four recordings from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database are compared with DSP calculations on MATLAB. Based on simulation results, the processor detects R-waves with an average accuracy of 99.1%, and NN50 events with average sensitivity and positive predictive values of 94.7% and 96.9%, respectively. The processor consumes 70 nA when supplied by ±1.6 V.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Multi-stable Energy Harvester for Rotation Motion
Authors: Mei Xutao , Zhou Shengxi , Kaizuka Tsutomu , Nakano Kimihiko
Published: December 2019

Recently, different kinds of nonlinear energy harvesters in rotation environments were designed to achieve high-efficiency broadband energy harvester for low-level excitations. However, a mathematical model of the multi-stable energy harvester in rotation motion is not complete, and its dynamic performance remains experimentally uninvestigated due to the difficulty of the sensor layout in rotation motion. Based on these issues, in this paper, a multi-stable energy harvester used in rotation motion is proposed and a related mathematical model has been processed by Lagrangian equation to describe the dynamic performance and the output power of the harvester. Additionally, corresponding experiments between the bi-stable energy harvester (BEH) and the tri-stable energy harvester (TEH) are carried out to validate their performance under different rotation speeds. The experimental results demonstrate that the TEH can obtain high-efficiency energy harvesting performance in low rotation speed than the BEH.
Promising upland rice lines as new shading tolerant varieties with good grain quality
Authors: Lestari A P , Yullianida  , Hermanasari R , Hairmansis A
Published: December 2019

The utilization of coconut plantation land to increase rice planting area is a potential effort to maintain food sustainability in Indonesia. The development of shading tolerant rice varieties has been undertaken through plant breeding programs. Preliminary yield trial of upland rice genotypes under coconut plantation with 50% light intensity have been carried out in the village of Cilincing, Tegalbulued District, Sukabumi in the WS 2017. The genotype consists of 36 rice lines 4 check varieties, i.e Inpago 8, Limboto, Situpatenggang, and Jatiluhur. The result showed that the height of the lines ranged from 70.8 cm - 111.1 cm and the number of productive tillers were between 3 - 11.9 tillers. The line B15341-1B-TB-29 showed the earliest flowering time of 83 days after sowing (DAS). The panicle length of rice genotypes ranged from 29.4 cm - 21.8 cm and the average weight of 1000 grains of the line was 25.7 g. The ranges of filled grain per panicle of the lines were 47-157 grains. B14908C-MR-1-25-1-3 had the highest amount of the number of filled grain per panicle. Amylose levels of those genotypes were in the range of 17-22% and the rice texture was sticky to medium. The shape and size of the rice were long to medium. There were six promising rice, namely B14981B-TGB-4, B15344B-TB-30, B15175C-TGB-39, B15209B-MR-17-1, B14908C-MR-1-25-1-3, and B14192E-MR-33 that have the potential to be released as new shade-tolerant varieties.
The exploration of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in mangrove forest at Teluk Naga, Bante
Authors: Sari I J , Fitri S G S
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to explore phosphate solubilizing bacteria in mangrove forest at Teluk Naga, Tangerang district, Banten. To collect samples, random sampling was applied. Bacteria were isolated by Pikovskaya media, using pour plate method. Nineteen isolates collected from soil demonstrated a potency to solubilize phosphate. Six isolates showed high phosphate solubilization activity from calculation of dissolution index. They were identified morpho-physiologically and biochemically as Pseudomonas (isolate R22 and A17), Klebsiella (A11, A14, A18, and A38), Agromyces (A13), Bacillus (A33 and A37), Azomonas (A15), and Enterobacter (A31 and A32). These bacteria were found in the rhizosphere of mangrove forests which consist of Avicennia and Rhizophora mangroves. These bacteria are known to have the ability to increase the availability of phosphate in the soil. This ability is one of the capabilities of the potential growth of promoting bacteria (PGPR or Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria).
Physical properties on Indonesian local rice varieties
Authors: Utami I , Rusmana R , Eris F R , Sjaifuddin S , Susiyanti
Published: December 2019

Rice is the main staple food for the people of Indonesia. It consists of some variation as its diversity. Each rice variety has a different physical shape and size in the grain. This study aims to determine the physical properties of several local Indonesian rice varieties. Research on the physical properties of grain was carried out on nine Indonesian local rice varieties from Banten, West Sumatra, and East Java provinces. Physical properties parameters observed in grain include length, width, shape, 1000 grain weight, bulk density, and chalkiness percentage of rice. The results showed that the grain shape of Tunggul Hideung and Genjah Nganjuk was slender and the other varieties were oval. While the type of Kewal Bulu Hideung includes round rice, the Kewal Bulu Hideung is slim in shape, and other varieties are oval. The highest 1000 grain weight in grain and rice was possessed by Kewal Gudril (28.23 g and 22.44 g), and the lowest was in Kuriak Kusuik (20.62 g and 14.09 g). The highest density of unhulled bulk density is Kuriak Kusuik (0.62 g..mL-1), and the lowest is Kewal Bulu Hideung (0.3 g.mL-1), while the highest rice bulk density is Susu Putih (0.89 g.mL-1) and the lowest one is the Genjah Nganjuk (0.79 g.mL-1). Based on the percentage of calcareous rice, Kewal Benur and Genjah Nganjuk including premium quality rice, Kewal Bulu Hideung, Tunggul Hideung and Kuriak Kusuik rice including medium quality class 1 rice, and other varieties do not meet the quality requirements set by SNI (> 5%).
The characteristics of “indigenous yeast mold” dried culture using tray dryer
Authors: Rahmawati R , Hunaefi D , Basriman I , Saputra D , Aozora W D , Jenie B S L
Published: December 2019

This research studied the effect of temperature and drying time in making “Indigenous Yeast Mold” dried culture using tray drier. There are 2 dried culture, names AC and CC. AC consists of 3 mold and 1 yeast strains, while CC consists of 7 mold and 3 yeast strains. The temperature of drying used were 40°C and 50°C and the drying time were 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 hours. The results showed that the quality of dried cultures AC and CC were influenced by the drying times and temperatures. The water content, viability of microorganisms, Aw, and pH value decreased with the increasing of drying time and temperature. The drying time at the temperature of 40°C affected the water content and water activity of AC and CC dried culture significantly. While the drying time at the temperature of 50°C affected the moisture content, water activity, viability of microorganisms, and pH value of AC and CC dried culture significantly. The desired water content in dried culture is 10% (wb) or 11.1 (db). To reach the water content of 10%, at the drying temperature of 40 °C, the AC dried culture required 4.46 hours, while CC required 4.44 hours. Meanwhile, at the drying temperature of 50 °C, the AC dried culture took 3.46 hours, while CC required 3.33 hours. Drying could be done at 50 °C without changing the quality of the dried culture.
Growth and yield of soybean plants on intercropping systems with different phosphorus dosage
Authors: Rusmana  , Ningsih E P
Published: December 2019

The intercropping system with the right dose of phosphorus will show higher yields than the monoculture planting system. The study was carried out with the aim of: (i) comparing crop yields between intercropping and monoculture planting systems, (ii) comparing the efficiency of land use of each planting system, and (iii) phosphorus doses which provide the highest yield for each cropping system. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Cikuya Karang Kitri District Serang, starting from April to July 2019. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design. The first factor is the planting system consisting of three levels, namely the system of soybean monoculture planting, maize monoculture planting system, and intercropping system of soybean+corn. The second factor is the dose of phosphorus fertilizer consisting of two levels, namely 25 kg.ha−1 and 100 kg.ha−1. Each treatment combination was repeated three times. To find out the purpose of the study used the Land Equity Ratio (LER) indicator and Variant Analysis of observational data which included: plant height, number of leaves, weight per plant, crop weight per plot and seed dry weight. The plant growth with corn monoculture is better than intercropping system. The yield of plants with intercropping systems is higher than that of monoculture systems. Plant yields in both cropping systems (intercropping and monoculture) were higher by giving phosphorus doses of 100 kg.ha−1 compared to 25 kg.ha−1.
Agrobacterium mediated transformation of Banten local rice (cv. Pare Gajah) for Folate gene
Authors: Susiyanti  , Larasati T A , Nurmayulis  , Isminingsih S , Sjaifuddin  , Amin S
Published: December 2019

Folate (vitamin B9) deficiency is a common problem that often occurs in developing countries including Indonesia. Rice which is a staple containing folate is very low. So it is necessary to find an effort so that the rice consumed can contain folate which is good for health.The aim of this study was to transform the folate gene to plant Banten local rice (cv. Pare Gajah) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This research was conducted from January to Mei 2019 in the Laboratory of Physiological and Plant Biotechnology, Agriculture faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University. Transformation research used a Completely Randomized Design with two factors, the first factor is the transformation method (I) consist of 2 levels; namely in vitro and in planta. The second factor is hygromycin concentration (H) consist of 4 levels; namely 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm. Each treatment was replicated six times. The results showed, in vitro transformation method had a lower lethal dose, causing average death of explant reaches 93,75%. In planta transformation method giving the best average efficiency transformation reach 13,33%. Hygromycin concentration 100 ppm causing the higher average death of explant reaches 98,34%. Hygromycin concentration 25 ppm causing the higher average efficiency transformation reach 17,50%.
Consumer’s preferences for sheep attributes for Eid al-Adha celebration in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim A , Budisatria I G S , Widayanti R , Artama W T
Published: December 2019

Sheep play an important role for Indonesian people, especially during Eid al-Adha celebration. There are several criteria in the selection of sheep as sacrificial animals. This study was aimed to observe consumer’s preferences for sheep attributes for Eid al-Adha celebration based on information gathered from roadside sheep traders. This study was conducted by using an in-depth interview and preferences ranking to 36 roadside sheep traders in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data were analysed descriptively. The results showed that the preferences for sheep criteria were body characteristics, body weight, body posture, age breed and other desirable criteria such as symmetrical testes, medium tail, intact earlobe and healthy hooves. Body characteristics favoured by consumers were horns, large body size, black ring eye pattern, teeth incisions, dense and nice hair, and white colour pattern of the body, respectively. It is concluded that the preferences for sheep attribute most demanded by consumers for Eid al-Adha celebration in Yogyakarta are body characteristics, wherein horned sheep are frequently requested criteria. Sheep price for Eid al-Adha is determined by religious and cultural criteria.
Elephant grass, rice straw and maize silage as feeds: a dynamic modelling approach on their degradation kinetics
Authors: Jayanegara A , Ridla M , Laconi E B , Nahrowi
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to evaluate nutritive value of elephant grass, rice straw and maize silage by using a dynamic modelling approach. Data on dry matter (DM) degradation characteristics were compiled, i.e., soluble (S), degradable (D) and undegradable (U) fractions, and rate of degradation of the degradable fraction (kd). Each of the S, D or U fraction was assumed to have a specific rate of passage (kp). The S, D and U fractions are dynamically changed over time. Degraded S and D fractions form a pool namely cumulative S and D (CSD) and it dynamically increases over time. Integration of all the dynamic models was performed in Vensim software version 7.3.5 using the Euler method. Results revealed that soluble fraction present in elephant grass, rice straw and maize silage disappeared within early hours in the rumen. The degradable fraction of maize silage was degraded more rapidly than that of elephant grass and rice straw. Maize silage had the highest potential CSD as compared to those of elephant grass and rice straw. It can be concluded that, based on the dynamic modelling approach, maize silage has higher nutritive value for ruminant livestock, followed by elephant grass and then rice straw.
Effect of supplementation of various fermentable carbohydrate sources in sorghum straw-gliricidia mixed diet on fermentation kinetics measured using in vitro gas production
Authors: Yulistiani D , Puastuti W , Sajimin
Published: December 2019

Supplementation of fermentable carbohydrate in crop by product-based diet is expected to improve the fermentability and reduced methane production. The study evaluated supplementation of various fermentable carbohydrate in sorghum straw-gliricidia mixture basal diet. Sorghum straw-gliricidia mixture was supplemented either with ground corn grain, rice bran or sorghum grain at 10% of DM basal diet. Treatment diets evaluated were: Sorghum + gliricidia leaf meal (Control); Control + 10% ground corn grain (Corn grain); Control + 10% rice bran (Rice bran); Control + 10% sorghum grain (Sorghum). Sorghum straw was chopped and ground then mixed with gliricidia leaf meal at ratio 60:40% DM. The sample was incubated for 48 hours, gas production was recorded at 4, 8,12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 hours. Rumen fluid for medium incubation was collected from sheep fed elephant grass basal diet. Supplementation of rice bran lowered (P<0.05) gas production from insoluble fraction of the diet compared to maize. Rice bran and sorghum decreased gas production at 48 h incubation compared to control (P<0.05). Sorghum supplementation decreased CH4 production. It can be concluded that fermentable carbohydrate supplementation from sorghum grain to sorghum straw-gliricidia mixture reduced percentage of methane production.
Physical and chemical quality of silage from two Pennisetum purpureum sp varieties supplemented with molasses at different levels
Authors: Fahmi M , Utomo R , Umami N
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine quality of silage from Pennisetum purpureum sp and Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott supplemented with molasses at different levels. The study was designed using a complete 2 x 3 factorial randomized design. The first factor was grass varieties, Pennisetum purpureum sp and Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott and the second factor was supplementation of molasses with levels 0, 3 and 6%. The variables measured included physical and chemical characteristics of silage. The results showed that molasses supplementation produce silage with good physical quality in both Pennisetum purpureum variety used. The increased levels of molasses supplementation lowering pH and silage NH3 (P<0.05) concentration, and lactic acid was significantly increase (P< 0.05). The treatment of molasses supplementation showing interactions at pH, NH3 concentration and silage lactic acid concentration in both varieties. It is concluded that Pennisetum purpureum sp with the level of 6% molasses supplementation produce best silage in term of its physical and chemical quality.
Effects of stocking density and litter type on litter quality of native chicken
Authors: Rohmadi D , Harimurti S , Wihandoyo
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted to identify the effect of stocking density and litter materials on litter quality of Native chicken. Three hundred and twenty-four unsexed native chickens were used for 12 weeks duration of this research. The day-old chickens were randomly assigned in three stocking density groups: 8,12 and 16 chickens/m2. Each stocking density group was further divided in three litter groups: rice hull, wood shaving and corncob. Chickens in each group were randomized in to three replicates at hatch were housed in a deep litter pen (1x1 m). The data of litter temperature, pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content were analyzed by analysis of variance, then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the stocking density had significant effect on the litter temperature, litter pH, water content and ammonia. The litter materials had significant effect on litter pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content. It is concluded that greater stocking density of more than 8 chicken per square meter and rice hull type of litter material was degraded the litter quality. Litter materials of wood shavings and corncobs can be used as a substitute for rice hull.
Feeding frequency effects on consumption and nutrient digestibility on thin-tailed sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Setyono W , Kustantinah  , Cahyo R W N
Published: December 2019

In Indonesia, most sheep are reared by farmers on extensive rearing system. This system creates arising problem that nutrient deficiency and susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus are more prevalent. This study is a laboratory model – demonstrating the actual condition – by increasing the feeding frequency to evaluate the effect of nutrient utilization on sheep infected by H. contortus. The study used the sheep as livestock model, with age ±1 year and average body weight ±17 kg. 16 thin-tail sheep were randomly grouped into 4. Treatment on this study were different feeding frequency: A (2 times/day), B (3 times/day), C (4 times/day), and D (5 times/day). All groups were fed with field grass-based feed with no other feed supplementation. Worm infection process were carried out once a week as many as 200 H. contortus infective stage per head per infection. The egg number of H. contortus per gram of fecal egg number was observed and examined weekly for 10 weeks. According to this study, higher feeding frequency increases the consumption and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) (P <0.05) and increases the percentage of fecal egg number (FEN).
Supplementation of lauric acid and feed fiber to optimize the performance of broiler
Authors: Londok J J M R , Rompis J E G
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research was to optimize the role of lauric acid (LA) and feed fiber (FF) to increase the performance of the broiler. In total 360 unsex Lohmann MB 202-P broiler chicken were divided into 36 experimental unit in this research. A factorial experiment consist two factors based on completely randomized design was applied, the first factor was level of LA i.e. 1.30%; 1.95%; and 2.60%, while second factor was level of crude fiber (FF) i.e. 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8% in the diet. The level of LA was equivalent with coconut oil application in feed that is 3%. Each experimental unit was repeated three times, each treatment combination was applied to 30 birds. The observed variables were weight gain, cumulative feed intakes, feed conversion, and final body weight. Result showed that utilization of LA and FF significantly affected (P<0.01) to weight gain, cumulative feed intakes, and final body weight, but not on FCR (P>0.05). This study indicated that the using of 1.95% LA and 8% FF on the diet would have optimized cumulative feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and final body weight of broiler.
Growth and production of Cichorium intybus in the second regrowth with different planting densities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Umami N , Wiratih I , Agus A , Suhartanto B
Published: December 2019

This study was aimed to evaluate the growth and production of Cichorium intybus in the second regrowth with different planting densities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Cichorium intybus were cultivated by spreading the seeds on a 1x1.5 m plots with different planting density as treatments: 2 g/m2, 3 g/m2, and 4 g/m2 – then named as D1, D2, and D3 groups respectively. Each treatment had 3 replications. Fertilization was performed once, on the day-15. The plant’s height and length were observed weekly for 30 days. Cichorium intybus were defoliated 5 cm above the soil surface on the day-28. Variables observed on this study include plant’s height and length, number of leaves, leaf width, number pf plants, dry and organic matter production. All data were evaluated by using one-way analysis of variance on the SPSS. Significant differences among groups were then subjected to further analysis – Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Different planting densities significantly alter number of plants, dry matter production, and organic matter production (P<0.05). The group with highest planting density has higher number of plants (198.33 ± 22.50) compared to D1 and D2 groups (108.66 ± 6.50 and 155.66 ± 8.02). Meanwhile, Cichorium intybus on D1 group had higher plant height (37.5 ± 0.6 cm) compared to D2 and D3 groups (31.77 ± 1.18 and 31.49 ± 0.92 cm). Based on this study, the Cichorium planted on 4 g/m2 of density results in highest production.
Calliandra calothyrsus as a protein source in goat’s diets: Study of feed intake and ruminal fermentation parameters
Authors: Zulfa I H , Kustantinah  , Indarto E , Zuprizal  , Dono N D
Published: December 2019

The study aimed to evaluate the usage of Calliandra leaves as protein source in Kacang goat’s diet at Wonolagi, Gunungkidul. Fifteen female Kacang goats weight 20 to 23 kg were plotted randomly into three diets treatments. The diet consisted of basal diets (local forages provided by farmer’s practices) with three different treatments: 100% Calliandra (T1), 50% Calliandra + 50% Soybean meal (SBM) (T2), and 100% SBM (T3). Parameters observed in this study were: feed intake (Dry matter intake, DMI; Organic matter intake, OMI; Crude protein intake, CPI; and Crude fiber intake, CFI) and ruminal fermentation parameters after 3 hours feeding period (pH value, total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate, and A:P ratio). Collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the difference between means were analyzed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. DMI, OMI, and CFI did not differ among treatments, however, greater SBM content in T3 improved CPI 34.21% significantly (P<0,05) compared to T1. Ammonia, total VFA, acetate and propionate profile were greater in T2 diets compared to T1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, the use of Calliandra to substitute SBM should be in the 50 to 50 ratio to optimize the feed intake and ruminal fermentation profile.
Good manufacturing practices implementation and microbiological quality of meat at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands
Authors: Suryanto E , Syahlani S P , Airuni M
Published: December 2019

This study was aimed to evaluate the implementation of good manufacturing practice (GMP), microbiological quality of meat and their relationship at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. Thirteen slaughterhouses were used in this study. Questionnaires were used to measure the implementation of 7 GMP aspects (location, layout and design, main building facilities, equipment, production, personal hygiene and sanitation). The data were observed by interviewing the respondents (butchers). Microbiological quality of meat were determine by using Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Data implementation of GMP were descriptively analysed. The relationship between GMP implementation and microbiological quality were analysed by Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that GMP implementation score in this study was 2.43 of 5 of all GMP aspects. No slaughterhouse had implemented all 5 aspects. TPC of meat was 4.34 log CFU/ml. There was negative correlation between GMP implementation and TPC value (r = - 0.396 (P < 0.030)). It is concluded that slaughterhouses had implemented some aspects of GMP with the percentage level of 45.99%,(40 – 60%). There was negative correlation between the implementation of GMP and microbiological quality of meat at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands.
Identification of galactogogues in Gliricidia maculata
Authors: Astuti S D , Widyobroto B P , Agus A , Yusiati L M
Published: December 2019

Galactogogues are substances used by periparturient dairy cows for boosting milk production and preventing negative energy balance. A long-term use of commercial galactogogues has a toxic effect to normal health status of both human and animals. The study was conducted to identify herbal galactogogues from bioactive compounds of Gliricidia maculata ethanol extract. The samples were harvested randomly from edible portion of plants at optimal age (80 days). Lyophilization was carried out at 55°C for 3 days followed with pulverization. The bioactive compounds were extracted using ultrasonic assisted extraction method and identified by the GCMS-QP2010S SHIMADZU instrument with Rtx 5 MS column. Spectra produced by MS was translated into chemical structures and data were presented in form of retention time (minutes), peak area (%), molecular formula (CxHyOz), molecular weight and the name of bioactive compound based on the similarity index of the GCMS library. As the result, there were five major galactogogues of Gliricidia maculate namelyphytol, 1-Octadecyne, 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-Squalene, n-Eicosane and 4-Hexadecen-6-yne which identified in this study. Since this study was the first work reporting galactogogues derived from Gliricidia maculate, therefore application of its potential could be implemented in the future study of dairy cattle feeding practices.
Post-thawing sperm quality of Boer buck semen diluted in phosphate buffer saline supplemented with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Putri A R I , Ciptadi G , Budiarto A , Santoso I
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine post-thawing sperm quality of Boer buck which diluted in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) medium supplemented with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) for optimizing its quality in addressing In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) purposes. In this research thawed semen was diluted in PBS with the addition of three different BSA concentration namely T0 (BSA 0%), T1 (BSA 0.1%), and T2 (BSA 1%). Semen and sperm quality such as motility, viability and abnormality (all in %) were observed at initial thawing and after diluted with PBS and BSA before and after incubation. At initial thawing, semen characteristic shows motility at 62.67±7.03%. Meanwhile, in all sperm quality after dilution at T0, T1 and T3 shows decreased after incubation time, although no differences found between BSA concentration (P>0.05). From this study, it is concluded that adding BSA as complementary nutrition in PBS medium could maintain sperm quality at affordable level for further IVF purpose.
Weaning weight of Brahman cross (BX) and Bali cattle under intensive and oil palm plantation-cattle integrated systems
Authors: Widi T S M , Widyas N , Damai R G M F
Published: December 2019

Indonesian territory comprised of a vast archipelago with diverse environmental condition affects cattle’s growth and productivity. This paper was aimed to compare the weaning weight (WW) of two genotype groups of cattle (Bali and BX) under different production systems. Data were obtained from oil palm plantation cattle integrated system (OPP) in Central Kalimantan (972 BX, 131 Bali), an intensive cattle farm in Java Island (15 BX) and a state’s breeding farm in Bali Island (322 Bali). We visualize the distribution of WW from both breeds and analyse the interaction between genotype groups and production systems. Data visualization revealed structures underlie the dataset, we observed that Bali cattle data were clustered into two distinct groups. Least squared means and standard deviation of WW in Bali cattle were 84.26±17.29 and 169±74 kg whereas for BX were 121±32 and 174.28 kg for farm and OPP production systems respectively. Results from a linear model which showed that genotype group, production systems, sex, and two ways interactions between genotype group and production system had a significant effect on WW (α = 0.05). In their respective farm production systems, BX performed significantly better than Bali cattle. However, in OPP-production system both genotype groups had similar performance.
An integrated model for developing indigenous chicken in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Hellyward J , Madarisa F , Putri B R T
Published: December 2019

This study was carried out using triangulation approach to explore the existing condition in Padang to establish an integrated model for developing indigenous chicken in West Sumatra on November to December 2018. Triangulation process consisted of a feed availability analysis to support strengthening indigenous chicken; location quotient (LQ) rule to analyze the location of indigenous chicken development basis as well as SWOT analysis. The results showed that there were five sub-districts categorized as basis location. Feeding availability could be likely at an increase of 63 % (265,000 head) to the existing number of indigenous chickens. SWOT analysis revealed that there will be an increasing opportunity to develop indigenous chicken using an integrated model where sustainable development goals used as a main reference.
New records of Scelio species (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Iraq: egg parasitoids of acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Polaszek Anderw , Kareem Ali A. , Aljaafari Raad K. , Al-Zurfi Sienaa M. , Abbas Manar A.
Published: December 2019

During insect surveys in June 2019 using yellow pan traps and sweep nets in agricultural areas of the Al Husayniya district of Karbala Governorate, three species of the economically important parasitoid genus Scelio were identified. Scelio howardi Crawford, S. striatus Priesner and S. variegatus Kozlov and Kononova all represent new records in Iraq. The current known distributions and host records of these three species are summarised, and their diagnostic features are illustrated. Previously unpublished host records are presented for S. striatus
.
Physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of yogurt flavored with sweet orange (citrus sinensis) marmalade
Authors: Al-Bedrani Dhia I , ALKaisy Q H , Mohammed Z M
Published: December 2019

The current study was conducted to determine the effect of adding different ratios of orange marmalade on physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of the yogurt that produced by using the whole bovine milk pH 6.7 and total acidity 0.16% which divided into four treatments: T2,T3,T4 with adding orange marmalade in ratios 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% respectively beside control treatment. Physicochemical tests included determine the percentage of moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrates and ash as well total acidity and pH value. Rheological tests included viscosity, whey senerises exudation and water holding capacity, as well as sensory evaluation. These tests were carried out during the storage period at (5 ± 1) °C for 1, 7 and 14 day. The results showed an increase in the total solids percentage In proportion to increasing the added amount of orange marmalade compared to treatment T1and the increase was observed with storage except for the percentage of carbohydrates that decreased. Also results showed an increase in the percentage of total acidity and decrease in pH of the added treatments directly after manufacturing and with storage. The results showed a decrease in the values of whey exudation, increased percentage of water holding capacity and viscosity of marmalade treatments. Results of sensory evaluation showed a decreased in scores with the increasing in marmalade addition compared to control treatment.
Identification of Pistacia vera and Prunus amygdalus Batsch seed oils using GC-MS as useful methodology for chemical classification
Authors: Allaith S A , Alfekaik D F , Alssirag M A
Published: December 2019

Two types of nut seeds, pistachio and almond, are used to study their chemical and physical properties as well as their saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrophotometry technique. According to the results, variant physicochemical proprieties of the oils in peroxide value are 5.7 and 7.3, respectively while acidity values are 0.1753 and 0.3756, respectively. These results are comparable to the quality of unsaturated fatty acids. In both of the studied samples, oleic acid is found to be the primary fatty acid followed by linoleic acid. Oleic acid in both samples is 60.72% and 58.19%, respectively while linoleic acid content reached 29.05% and 30.72%, respectively. Palmitic acid C: 16 as saturated fatty acid in the pistachio and almond samples is found to be 6.52% and 7.22%, respectively. In conclusion, pistachio and almond oils are rich in oleic acid that is considered a beneficial source of unsaturated fatty acids for human health.
Analysis of bioactive phytochemical compound of (Cyperus iria L.) By using gas chromatography –mass spectrometry
Authors: Shaheed K A , AlGaraawi N I , Alsultany A K , Abbas Z H , Khshayyish I K , Al Khazali M T
Published: December 2019

Fifty three phytochemical compound in the methanolic extract were identified of Cyperus iria L. The identification is based on the molecular weight, peak area, MS Fragmentation and, retention time,.GC-MS analysis of Cyperus iria L. found the presence of the compounds : (2S,3S)-2,3-Dihydroxy-2-isopropylbutyric acid [(5R,6S)-6-hydroxy-1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-3-en-4-yl]methyl : 1,2,4-Benzenetriol : 4-Mercaptophenol : 2-Pyrazoline,5-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl : 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural : 2-pyrazoline,5-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl : Dodecanoic acid methyl ester : Undecanoic acid, 10-methyl-methyl ester : α-Cadinene; [1s-(1a,4ab,8aa)]-1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1methylethyl)-naphthalene: Aromandendrene : β-Maaliene: Methyl tetradecanoate : Methyl isotetradecanoate (iso-14:0): Phthalic acid, isobutyl octadecyl ester : Di-sec-butylphthalate : Cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid : z-(13,14-Epoxy)tetradec-11-en-1-ol acetate : Hexadecenoic acid,z-11 : Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester : Dibutyl phthalate : 1-Butyl 2-isobutyl phthalate; 2-Methylpropyl butyl phthalate; Butyl isobutyl phthalate: Octadecanoic acid : 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid n-Hexadecanoic acid : 9-Octadecenoic acid, methl ester, (E) : Methyl stearate : Oleic acid : Trans-2-Dodecen-1-ol,trifluoroacetate : rac-1-Monoolein : Eicosanoic acid, methyl ester : 4,4-Dimethylcholestan-3-one, (5.alpha.)-: Oxiraneundecanoic acid, 3-pentyl-methyl ester,trans : Benzyl butyl phthalate : Beta.-sitosterol : Gamma.-sitosterol : 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid, tridecyl ester : Copaiferic acid B : 4-Vinylcholestan-3-ol # : Bisabolol oxide II : 1-Bromo-11-iodoundecane : Decanoic acid, 9-oxo-,methylester : Flexol plasticizer DOP: Polycizer 162: Phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl)ester : Pentadecane,2-methyl- : Butyl 9-octadecenoate : N-Methyl-1-adamantaneacetamide : Diethylmalonic acid, pentyl 3-phenoxybenzyl ester : 9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane,9-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] : Dodecanoic acid,1,2,3-propanetrly1 ester : Phen-1,2-diol,4-fluoro-5-aminoacetyl-dimethyl ether : Tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid,dibenzofuran-3-ylamide : Benzenamine,4-methoxy-N-(triphenylphosphoranylidene) : Cyclodododecanol,1-aminomethyl : Ergost-5-en-3-ol,(3.beta.)-campesterol : N-(2-Acetylcyclopentylidene)cycioh exylamine. The plant contain many bioactive phytochemical compounds that may be useful as Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antimicrobial Activity, anti –inflammatory, Nematicide, Antihistaminic, Antieczemic, Insectifuge and others.
Effect of irradiation by gamma rays and the use of benzyl adenine to increase the production of cardiac glycoside compounds from Digitalis lanata in vitro
Authors: Almukhtar S A , Alrubaye M A , Elkaaby E A , Kadhim Z K , Alkilabi C K
Published: December 2019

Seeds of fox glove Digitalis lanata were irradiated with gamma ray with the dose 25, 50 grey in addition to the treatment of the comparison 0 grey, BA was also used at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg. L−1 to determine the effectiveness of the gamma ray and BA and their interaction in stimulating the proportion, speed of seed germination and production of Cardiac glycosides, chlorophyll and carbohydrates in the vegetative branches of the plantlet implanted on the nutritional media. The results showed that the irradiation at the dose of 50 grey was significantly increased the rate of germination percent to 100% and the speed of germination by a rate of 5 seeds / day, compared with control group which gave 30% and 1.1 seeds / day respectively. The same treatment had a significant increase on the rate of production of Digoxin, Digitoxin and Gitoxin glycosides to 45.54, 91.87 and 68.70 μg. g−1 respectively, compared to control group values of 6.40, 20.17 and 13.09 μg.−1 g respectively. The same treatment achieved a significant increase in the total chlorophyll and carbohydrate production rate of 2.10 and 3.80 mg g−1 respectively, compared with the control group values of 1.30 and 2.82 mg. g−1 respectively. Also the benzyl adenine at a concentration of 3 mg.L−1 increased the rate of the same glycoside compounds which to 58.57, 79.15 and 78.14 μg. g−1 respectively, compared to the control values of 25.97, 56.02 and 40.90 μg. g−1 respectively. Also, the concentration of total chlorophyll and carbohydrates was 2.74 and 4.39 mg. g−1 respectively, compared to the control group values of 1.70 and 3.31 mg. g−1 respectively. As for the effect of the interference of irradiation treatment at 3 mg. g−1 concentration with adenine on Digoxin and Gitoxin the concentrations were 79.11 and 118.20 μg. g−1, respectively, and the chlorophyll concentration was 3.65 mg. g−1. The irradiation treatment at 4 mg. L−1 achieved the highest concentration of Digitoxin (118.23 μg. g−1) and the highest concentration of carbohydrates of (5.13 mg. g−1).
Effect of humic acid and seaweed extract (ALGA) on growth characteristics and nutrient content of local apricot seedlings Prunus armeniaca L.
Authors: Al-Temimi H M A , Ali A A , Muhsin Z M.
Published: December 2019

The research was carried out at the Plant canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala during the growing season of 2016. A factorial experiment with two factors designed. In accordance of randomized completely block design R.C.B.D. to study the effect of spraying with three levels of humic acid (0, 5 and 10 cm3.l−1)and three levels of Alga seaweed extract (0, 1 and 1.5 cm3.l−1)on some vegetative, root growth characteristics and leaf content of mineral elements N, P, K for local apricot seedlings. Treatments with three replicates. Each containing 45 seedlings with five seedlings per experimental unit were adopted. The results showed that a significant increase in plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, dry weight of shoot, root length, and dry weight of root was noticed when treated with humic acid or seaweed extract (ALGA) alone or jointly compared with control treatment. The interaction between treatments measured at a concentration of 10 cm3.l−1 humic acid and 1.5 cm3.l−1. Alga the highest significant increase in the vegetative, root and leaf content of N.P.K for apricot seedlings was observed.
The response of Okra Abelmoshus esculentus L. to mycorrhizae and biological stimulators (biozyme and phosphalas) on yield and quantity indicators
Authors: Abdul-Alhussein R M , Alawi M M , Abood H H
Published: December 2019

The research was carried out in the fields belongs to Horticulture Department / Agriculture Faculty Baghdad University / Al-Jadiriyah for the Spring season 2016 -2017 to study the effect of bio-fertilizer and spraying with Biological Stimulators and their interaction effect on yield and quantity characters of (local okra Petra). The experiment was lay out as a factorial experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), the experiment included (12) treatment Distributed to three replicates. The three factors used in this experiment included. The inoculation with control (C), Mycorrhizae (M), Biozyme (B) (B1 2cm3.L−1), (B2 4cm1-.L−1), Phosphalas (P) (P 2cm3.L−1), (M+B1), (M+B2), (P+M), (P+B1), (P+B2), (M+P+B1), (M+P+B2).The readings were analyzed according to the design followed and the mean was tested by the lowest significant difference at 0.05%. The results showed a significant increase in the studied traits. The results showed that the three factors and their interactions had significant effects on most of the growth characters measured. The inoculation with the Mycorrhizae, Biozyme and Phosphalas was superior in giving higher values of yield per plant (2435) g.plant−1 (M1B1P1), total yield 9.34 ton. ha−1 (M1B2P1), carbohydrate in pods 33.61 % (M1B2P1), protein in pods 2.94 % (M1B1P0), fiber in pods % (M1B2P1) respectively.
The concept of creating perspective technological paradigm of formation (development) of the underground space on the basis of the leading development of new approaches in construction geotechnology and geotechnics. Premises and basic provisions (part 1)
Authors: Aksenov V V , Khoreshok A A , Beglyakov V U , Efremenkov A B
Published: December 2019

The article presents some reasons for the lagging of domestic mining engineering from foreign competitors, substantiates the need to form a new promising technological paradigm in the field of formation and development of underground space. A new systematic approach to the development of geotechnics and geotechnologies is proposed, which allows for creation of prerequisites for formation of a new technological structure and Russia’s breakthrough into leading positions in the field of geotechnology and mining engineering.
Mathematical modelling of the dosing process of bulk materials on the example of the sowing apparatus of a seeder
Authors: Algazin D N
Published: December 2019

A mathematical model of the dosing process of bulk materials has been developed, it allows to determine the optimal technological and design parameters of the metering device of the sowing apparatus of a seeder. A new type of a sowing apparatus of a seeder is proposed, allowing to seed small-seeded crops.
Improving the reliability of technological equipment in the production of thermoelectric elements
Authors: Alisin V V , Shishova V V
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to increasing the service life of the bearing of the mixing assembly in the installation for the synthesis of bismuth telluride. Comparative tribological experiments were carried out. It is shown that the implementation of a bearing bush from a nanostructured crystal of partially stabilized zirconium dioxide can increase by 4 times the reliability and service life of the installation.
The effect of nanoceramic materials on the tribological properties of technological lubricants
Authors: Berdichevsky E G
Published: December 2019

The effect of some nanotechnological materials such as boehmite and β-sialon on the tribological characteristics of technological lubricants has been studied. It is shown that even a low percentage of nanoceramics used for doping mineral oils can significantly improve the tribological situation in the zone of boundary contact friction. Technical and economic characteristics of the considered nanoceramics suggest them promising components in the development of innovative technological lubricants for heavy duty friction.