bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defoliation and Pre-Harvest Drop of Camu-Camu Fruits in Floodable Area
Authors: Panduro Mario Pinedo , Lopez Carlos Zumba , Davila Elvis Paredes , Chung Jose Ramirez , Rodriguez Carlos Abanto , Valencia Jaime Durand , Chagas Edvan Alves , Torres Dennis Del Castillo
Published: August 2018

The effect of defoliation and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the fall of the fruit in the induced period of harvest of Myrciaria dubia (camu-camu), in a flooded area on the banks of the Amazon River, Iquitos-Peru, was evaluated. The soil is clayey-silty with 2.15% organic matter, pH 6.29, 0.10% Nitrogen, 40.76 ppm Phosphorus and 228 ppm potassium. The average temperature is 27.45 ° C, relative humidity of 86% and 3111.4 mm of rain. The defoliation was carried out with NaCl solution in water (50 g.L-1). GA3, was applied every 15 days at doses of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg.L.-1. The variables were evaluated: number of flowers per branch (FLR1-4), number of flowers per plant (FLP1-4),% of fruits retained in phase 3 (FR3),% of fruits retained in phase 5 (FR5), weight of fruits (PF), number of harvested fruits (FC), approximate yield of fruits (RAF), and the real fruit yield (RRF). The design was completely randomized (DCA), in 2x4 factorial arrangement. Defoliation significantly reduced FLP1-4 from 6938 to 3701, while GA3 did not influence that character. Defoliation significantly increased the FR3 retention, but reduced the PF and FC. GA3 significantly influenced FLR1-4, FR3 and PF. In FR5, no statistical difference was recorded for either D or GA3, nor was there significant interaction between the two defoliation and GA3 factors. For FC, RAF and RRF, highly significant differences were found for Defoliation, with superiority of non-defoliated plants but no differences were found for GA3 doses. It is concluded that in F3 the defoliation favored significantly, effect that was diluted in F5, while the application of GA3 negatively influenced this retention. Fruit yield was significantly higher in non-defoliated plants without showing significant difference between GA3 doses.
Research on Tomato Nitrogen Content Nondestructive Testing Method Based on Multidimensional Image Processing Technology
Authors: Zhang Xue Wei , Zhang Xiao Dong , Mao Hanping , Gao Hong Yan , Zuo Zi Yu , Ruan Yu Qiang
Published: August 2018

This paper is aimed at greenhouse tomato nitrogen detection using hyperspectral imaging combined with three dimensional laser scanning technology. This technology extracts the nitrogen hyperspectral feature image and the plant three dimensional morphological characters, to achieve the rapid quantitative analysis of nitrogen in tomato. The characteristic spectrum of nitrogen was extracted, and the mean intensity characteristic of the image feature was obtained. Then based on the acquisition of the tomato hyperspectral image data cube at different nitrogen levels, the sensitive region stepwise regression combined with correlation analysis was performed. Based on the acquired three dimensional laser scanning data of tomatoes, the stem diameter, the plant height and other biomass characteristics of different nitrogen levels were obtained by establishing the spatial geometric model of tomato three dimensional point cloud. A multi-feature fusion model for tomato nitrogen detection was established by partial least square regression. The results showed that the R2 in the constructed model was 0.94, with the accuracy significantly better than that of the single feature model established by using hyperspectral image and three dimensional laser scanning.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF TOMATOES (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) ON TUMORAL CELL LINES
Authors: Tommonaro Giuseppina , Piscitelli Concetta , Lavorgna Margherita , Isidori Marina , Russo Chiara , Prisco Rocco De , Abbamondi Gennaro Roberto , Iodice Carmine
Published: August 2018

To increase the knowledge about the biological properties of tomatoes, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of extracts of nine cultivars of Lycopersicon esculentum, as well as their chemical composition, were studied. The highest antioxidant capacity has been revealed in San Marzano Cirio 3 and Pomodoro Giallo cultivars, both in hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions, while San Marzano, Corbarino di Corbara, and Pomodoro Giallo exhibited the best radical scavenger  activity in methanolic fraction. As regards the antiproliferative activity, the median inhibition concentrations of the lipophilic extracts ranged from 272.3 (Pomodoro Giallo) to 364.4 (Corbarino di Corbara) mg dried extract L-1 on Hep-G2 and from 324.6 (San Marzano Cirio 3) to 455.4 (Nero di Sicilia) on Caco-2. The methanolic extracts were more active on Caco-2 than Hep-G2, while the hydrophilic extracts were not active. These biological properties could be ascribed to the identified  carotenoids and phenolic acids as well as to a pull of minor compounds exerting their synergistic effect.
Invasion dynamics of a non-indigenous bivalve clam; Venerupis aurea (Gmelin, 1791), in Lake Qarun, Egypt.
Authors: Hashem Kandeel
Published: August 2018

The invasive clam Venerupis aurea is native to the Mediterranean Sea. The species has now become established in Lake Qarun, Egypt. This is the first record of the establishment of this clam in the Lake. The histograms of the length-frequency distribution indicated multiple consecutive cohorts and the species is able to establish self-sustaining population. Total weight increased relatively slower than shell length in summer. Isometric growth pattern was recorded in other seasons. Negative allometric growth pattern during summer may explain spawning. The female to male ratio is 1: 0.87. Sexual maturity is attained at 11.8 mm shell length in summer and 16.6 mm shell length in winter. Histological studies revealed two different stages in both male and female clams namely, immature and developing. The results from these preliminary studies have indicated that V. aurea is able to reproduce and survive in Lake Qarun and has an important impact in the local community of the Lake.
A STUDY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TRADE UNIONS IN ORGANIZATION
Authors: Prasath Selvaraju Arun
Published: August 2018

This research is going to cover the trade union activity and their importance to the employees and the organization itself at the public service management division. Trade unions are association of employees designed primarily to maintain or improve the condition of employment of its members. Trade unions are important in organization because they make sure the employee is satisfied with the working conditions and any violated from their rights and that they have a fair rate of pay of their services rendered to the organization.

This project looks at the importance of a trade union in an organization and how the employees feel about their activities and how the management operate with the trade union in the organization and the advantages and the disadvantages of a trade union in terms of what the employees benefit from being a trade union member in the organization. The sample size that was used was 30 at the public service management division.

The research will help me to gain slight on how trade unions operate in the organization. I used the questionnaire to gather data from the employees and the method that was used to collect information was the primary data and the secondary data. which helped to get the answers to my objectives.
PERCEPTION OF FEMALE LEADERS IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING IN EKITI STATE
Authors: Akinwale Evelyn
Published: August 2018

To scholars, women in leadership positions have been stereotyped to be unfit and inexperienced to occupy traditional leadership positions unlike their male counterparts. A fundamental challenge to women's leadership arises from the mismatch between the qualities traditionally associated with leaders and those traditionally associated with women in general. Women in leadership positions are not treated equally with men in leadership positions ( Nick, 2007;Sayu, 2012 ). However, this research reveals the perception of Ekiti state female leaders in Higher Institutions on their leadership positions. Through interviews with selected female leaders in three higher institutions of learning, questions delved into how these female leaders see themselves in the line of their duties. The study tends to feel the pulse of female leaders about the leadership positions they are occupying since the impression they have about themselves matters a lot before considering other peopleâ€™s perception about them.

The study adopts quantitative methodology and gathered its data directly from personal interview as well as the use of questionnaire for its survey. Findings indicate that Nigerian Institutions of Higher Learning are increasingly becoming forerunners in gender sensitivity. Female Leaders admitted that they were given equal chances of leading their units and their rights were not denied them in their professions. However, there are few instances where their male counterparts, though subtly, discriminate against the female leaders and prove uncooperative probably, due to cultural background and beliefs in Nigeria which are still in favour of male leaders. The paper concludes that female leaders, through merit, stand an equal chance of being elected and selected leaders in an academic environment. The findings nullified the fears of women with academic excellence seeking leadership positions and suggested ways by which equity in leadership positions can be encouraged.
Thinking regionally or nationally? The case of ASEAN
Authors: Yin Sam Choon-
Published: August 2018

This paper analyzes the relation of states in the age of globalization with particular reference to members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). For ASEAN, integration has been seen as a necessary step forward to reduce its reliance on the western countries and speed up the recovery process during times of crisis. The creation of the ASEAN Community represents a step towards achieving this goal. By drawing on the treatment of the haze problem, particularly the actions and reactions from Singapore and Indonesia, this paper argues that the notion of ASEAN identity is a fluid concept. Setbacks kick in when ASEAN member states (Singapore and Indonesia) act in response to national interest. Given the commonality of spats between the member nations, there is still much more to be done to form a regional identity within the ASEAN community.
Conservation and Preservation of Nature Reserves, Monuments andSpecial Architectural or Historic Interest in Nigeria: Towards Promotion of Sustainable Cultural Tourism
Authors: Osefoh Francis Chuma
Published: August 2018

Some of the renowned world tourism countries have special peculiarities in character in terms of their nature reserves and built environments; that made them stand out for their attractions and visits. These qualities range from conservation and preservation of nature reserves, built environments- epoch architectural supports over the years; historical heritage; political; religious; socio-economic; cultural; andÂ  high technology that enhance culture. The virtues of multi- ethnic groups and multi- cultural nature gave Nigeria a rich cultural heritage, and she is blessed with natural wonders, unique wildlife, and a very favorable climate. More often than not less attention and importance are placed over the nature reserves and built environments to the detriment of tourism in lieu of other sectors. Summarily the country lacks the culture of conservation and preservation of her abundant resources to promote cultural tourism. Case study strategy was applied in the research tours with reports of personal experiences, documentaries and analyses of sites visited in Europe and Nigeria were highlighted with references to their attributes in terms of structures and features that made up the sites as relate to culture and attraction.The task in keeping rural, city landscapes and nature reserves alive stands out as the secret of communication link from the past to present and the future; which tourism developed nations reap as benefits for tourist attraction.
Who Cares for Poor? A Case Study on Beggars in India
Authors: Saini Dr. Menka , Khan Prof. Jabir Hasan , Hassan Tarique
Published: August 2018

The present empirical study aims to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of beggar population and to find out the causes of begging. The adverse effects of this profession on the health, incidence of bad habits among the beggars and the problems faced by them have been also taken into account. The study is based on primary source of data, collected through the field survey and direct questionnaire to the respondents in the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh during 2009. The study reveals that beggars are the most deprived section of the society who begged for sustaining their livelihood, living in abject poverty and on the mercy of people. It has been found that majority of beggars belongs to adult age-group (15-44), while, share of dependant population (particularly 0 to 15 years young age group) is higher in the rural areas of the district. The incidence of early marriages and big household size are very common among the beggars in the study area. Moreover, 86.5 per cent beggarsâ€™ population was illiterate and the average daily income of the beggars is Â 51-100 per day. The major causes which compelled them to engage themselves in begging are poverty, casteism and illiteracy. Majority of them suffer from tuberculosis, followed by anemia, weakness, leprosy etc. Poverty, low income, unemployment, low standard of housing and lack of civic amenities and facilities are their major problems
Energy in Public Administration - Between Human Rights and Efficient Administration
Authors: Pecaric Mirko
Published: August 2018

This paper explores recent notions in public administration, which are intertwined and addressed to the administration of public affairs. On this basis it demonstrates that content of legal system is filled through the static legal principles and rules, but they receive their real content through the informal practices and conditions of the human mind. The paper concludes that discussed notions could have only one name, because they all are the synonyms of reciprocal relation between the human dignity and efficient administration.
Presupposition in Legalese: The Case of the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences (ICPC) Act, 2000 of Nigeria
Authors: Itine Dr. Abochol Simon , Olusegun Mr. Adegboye Oluseye
Published: August 2018

Presupposition is a Linguistic item that is discussed in both Semantics and Pragmatics. In both cases, it means a speaker or writer's assumption that the listener (hearer) or reader is aware of the sentence or statement being made. The Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences (ICPC) Act, 2000 of Nigeria carries syntactic structures that prove this case of presupposition. This is because right from the titles of sections and subsections to the explanation of the sections in the Act, there are assumptions that there will be people in Nigeria (Nigerians or not) who will commit the crimes stated in the Act, and on conviction, will be punished as prescribed by the Act. The study uses Halliday's (1961) Scale and Category demarcation of sentence boundaries to distinguish group structures from clause and sentence structures respectively.
Alcohol Consumption Reduces Effortful Fatigue After Sleep: Testing A Theory of Metabolite Depletion and Subsequent Supercompensation
Authors: T. Gailliot Matthew
Published: August 2018

The current work examined whether greater alcohol consumption at night would predict less effortful fatigue the next morning. The theory is that effortful thought and behavior benefit from additional stored metabolites, and that drinking alcohol temporarily reduces metabolites but later increases them. Participants attended a drinking, social event at night. The next morning, they completed an effortful task (a breath-blowing task requiring forceful exertion and persistence) before and after a mentally fatiguing task (controlling attention). Consuming more alcohol during the event predicted less fatigue on the effortful breath-blowing task, computed as the difference between performance on the task before and after the attention control task. Alcohol consumption might be one strategy for reducing later fatigue on effortful tasks.
Cyber-Ethnography and Youth Cultures
Authors: Hernández Dr. Esperanza Viloria , Huerta Dr. Christian Fernandez , Ortiz Marin Dr. Angel Manuel , Santillan Briceno Dr. Victoria Elena
Published: August 2018

The object of study is the research of youth phenomena, which is, linked to the expansion of opportunities for socialization of young people, particularly those related to interactive cyberspace mobility. This confirms the sociocultural processes where youth culture makes sense, in the temporary space and the cultural context where they take place.

Assumptions allied to the purpose of investigating the vision of young students from public universities in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico and Viedma, Rio Negro, Argentina. We are convinced that moving through cyberspace research by means of digital mediation can provide the advantage of new ways of organizing information, in addition to aid in expanding the ways information is analyzed and interpreted.

Qualitative research of Cyberethnographics whose development favors the construction of a specific methodological model for sighting, examining and identifying the sense and action that young people produce. It is that description, the core purpose of this present work.
Hidden Gender Violence in the War on Organized Crime in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico (2010-2011)
Authors: Ortega Rosalba
Published: August 2018

Militarization[1] in this country - Mexico - is a fundamental factor of political definition due to the loss of life[2] that it has represented, and the impact on public life stemming from the constant violation of the human rights of men, but especially for women, who have both seen their everyday life modified. This fight against organized crime, some have defined it as a war against the people, which pretends to be a war on drug trafficking. In Ciudad Juarez, we already know that the presence of the army and police on the streets does not increase safety, and instead, gender violence is exposed in deaths that occur constantly, so that militarization and impunity are the key to reading the new events as part of a hegemonic project, in which the bodies and humanity are no longer relevant.
THE EDITIONS AND THE TRANSLATIONS OF AVICENNA'S CANON OF MEDICINE
Authors: Arvide Cambra Luisa Maria
Published: August 2018

One of the most outstanding names in history of Islamic science of the Middle Ages is without any doubt that of the Persian scholar Ibn Sina, Avicenna (980-1037), and his work Al-Qanun fi-l-tibb (Canon of Medicine) is one of the most representative writings of the medieval Arabic medicine. It is due to its importance that this encyclopedic book has had many editions and translations into other languages from the Middle Ages to the present day. This paper is an approach to the study of Canon of Medicine and it specifies the manuscripts, the editions and the translations existing about it.
Idiomatic Expressions in Translation
Authors: JABBARI MOHAMMAD JAFAR
Published: August 2018

There is no language without its own collection of idiomatic expressions. They are expressions with a figurative meaning different from its Â literal meaning. Idiomatic expressions play a very important role in the establishment of rapport. They are two or more words syntactically related, with a meaning like a single syntactic unit whose meaning is not predictable from its component words. It is said that without a sound knowledge of idioms one's language will remain foreign. Idiomatic expression is a universal feature of language, though different languages may use literally different idiomatic expressions serving the same function. Owing to these complexities, rendering the idiomaticity of expressions from a source into a target language has always been problematic. This study aimes to scrutinize some aspects of the translation of idiomatic expressions. To this end, Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath is compared with two versions of its translation into Persian.
Socio-Economic Effects of Women's Participation in Adult and NonFormal Education: Case of Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Aroge Stephen Talabi
Published: August 2018

This paper examined the socioeconomic effects of women's participation in adult and non-formal education in Nigeria with special attention on Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo State. From the pre-colonial era up to the time of independence, little attention was given to the education of girl child and women in Nigeria - be it formal and non-formal. The reason is not unconnected with the belief by many that the best place for women to function is home and kitchen. However, the clamour for girl-child education and women empowerment in the global scene brought about the paradigm shift in the area of education in Nigeria as much emphasis is now being placed on women education as catalyst for socioeconomic change and development. This paper identified the socio-economic benefits derivable from women's participation in non-formal education. The descriptive survey method was used, interviews conducted were codified and analysed using SPSS T-test stastical instrument. Suggestions and recommendations were made based on the outcome of the analysis, to suggest better ways for improving the education and empowerment of women in Nigeria.
THE WAY IT LOOKS: CONTEXTUALIZING EARLY PAINTINGS IN TRADITIONAL ART OF PREGOLD COAST ERA
Authors: Antwi Emmanuel , Adi-Dako Martin
Published: August 2018

Documentation of paintings in the history of African art in regions south of the Sahara is rare. It is rather common reading of wood sculpture and other three dimensional works as the main stay of African art. However art in West Africa is rife with paint. This paper studies six forms of painting found within pre Gold Coast traditional art by ethnographic, historical and descriptive research. These are mural, body, fabric, hearth & bed, stool and sculpture painting. Observing through the philosophical lens of Contextualism, the authors recognise it as the most appropriate way of looking at this traditional art, since its attributes seem to facilitate the best means of experiencing understanding and evaluating this art as against other philosophical proffers.
A Comparative Study of Universality: Shakespeare’s Venus and Adonis and Oates’ “Metamorphosis”
Authors: Shafieyan Mahdi
Published: August 2018

Comparative studies within a literature, in the world literature, or even between two different branches of art have always been attractive since in contrast to contemporary critical theories reveal the universal nature of arts. The pursuit of a theme is one of the common features among literary and artistic works, which sometimes presents itself in characters, yet the investigation of the roots of the similarities seems more significant. In this article, it is attempted to compare and collate the main characters in Shakespeare’s poetic work Venus and Adonis and Joyce Carol Oates’ short story “Metamorphosis”. Although having similarities, they give birth to the chiaroscuro of some differences. The findings confirm that the two works fly in the face of the critical theory of ideology that tries to neglect the author’s free will in writing, as the case studies are a classic poem from the seventeenth century by a British writer and a short fictional piece from the postmodern era by an American writer. Not only do they differ in place, time, genre, but also the writers’ gender. This is of paramount significance because in literary criticism and philosophy of literature the universality of literature is rejected by reader-response, deconstructionist, or New Historical studies and the like in order to omit the authenticity of literature and then include personal views, shaky history, as well as subjective perceptions. Representing the disadvantages of such theories, this study aims to lead scholars toward novel universal hermeneutics.
Tunisian Democratic Transition : Dynamics of Conflict and Reconciliation
Authors: Chehoudi Rafaa
Published: August 2018

This research examines Tunisian democratic transition and underlines the extent to which Tunisian political elite engaged in a democratic political practice. The Tunisian revolution, often referred to as the "Jasmine Revolution", offered a great opportunity to leave behind a gloomy past tainted by long years of despotism and to lay the foundations of popular, representative and direct governance deeply rooted in people desire for freedom and justice. Accordingly, the research will first analyze the new political landscape and the major political powers contributing to the unfolding democratic transition. Second, the relationship between these actors will be underlined by discussing their approaches to democracy and their willingness to inaugurate a stable and sustained democracy that fits with a unique Tunisian model.
Social media revolution - The new digital frontiers of Journalism
Authors: Mishra Kaveri Devi
Published: August 2018

Social media has become a phenomenon with the advent of technology and rapid rise in the reach across the world. It has made inroads in almost every sphere of business, communication and marketing.

Post globalization, Indian media industry has witnessed a sea change and revamped itself tremendously to be part of changing global scenario.  Social media today, has become an integral part of the media industry, whether it is news deliverance, marketing or advertising. The social media revolution has changed and will continue to change journalism and news organizations.

Social media as a powerful tool has been realized largely across Indian Media industry, its importance is no longer debated. Therefore, the Indian media has successfully embraced social media technology and digital shift to widen and expanding their reach and exposure. The business strategies have widened and given a facelift; the social media platform has been effectively efficient used for expanding their business networks, whether news deliverance, advertising or other user generated content. 

 This paper aims at examining and exploring the role, growth and challenges of digital and Social media with a case study approach on Indian Media Industry.
Modelling the Additive Functional Equations through RSM Matrices
Authors: Narasimman Pasupathi , Ravi K , Pinelas Sandra
Published: August 2018

This paper suggests one possible method to model additive type of functional equations using eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices with suitable numerical examples. The authors have defined a new type of Row Sum Matrix(RSM) and have discussed its eigenvalues and eigenvectors in order to model functional equations. The famous additive cauchy functional equation and Logical functional equation have also been modelled using identity matrix and Logical matrix in this study.
STOCHASTIC VORTEX BLOBS METHOD TO STUDY AXISYMMETRIC FLOWS OF INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLUID
Authors: Hedar M. R , Kamel R. S
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the mathematical and computational formulations of the stochastic Vortex Blobs Method (VBM). It isshow that how the method can be used to cover axisymmetric flows of incompressible viscous fluid. Also, the initialboundary problem is solved by using the Lagrangian vortex method. This method seems to be an extension of the well known two dimensional vortex blob method. When applying and extending this method two steps are required. First, wehave to design an axisymmetric vorticity carrier by using the standard functions as complete elliptic integrals and Legendre polynomials. Second, it is necessary to formulate the appropriate Neumann problem and boundary integral equation to find the potential velocity fields. Both steps are used to describe and compute the total velocity field and formulate the Ito stochastic equations which describing the motion of vorticity carriers.
Enlargement of A Local Group To A Group
Authors: Hosseini Arezoo , Mohamadnia Leila
Published: August 2018

Local lie groups are introduced by Cartan [1]. Local groups are local lie groups without topologically property. The aim of this paper is to find conditions that a  local group is contained in  a group .  It is showed  in the example 3.2 that  every  local groups is not gllobaly associative . Then it may not be extended to a group.
Positive Position Feedback Controllers for Reduction the Vibration of a Nonlinear Spring Pendulum
Authors: Amer Y a
Published: August 2018

In this paper, the two positive position feedback controllers (PPF) are proposed to reduce the longitudinal and angular vibrations of the nonlinear spring pendulum system which simulated the ship roll motion. This described by a four-degreeof- freedom system (4-DOF) which subjected to the external excitation force at simultaneous primary and internal resonance case. The method of multiple scale perturbation technique (MSPT) is applied to study the approximate solution of the given system. The stability of the system is investigated near the resonance case applying the frequency-response equations. Numerically, the effects of different controllers parameters on the basic system behavior are studied.
Convergence Theorems of Iterative Schemes For Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Ali Hadi Inaam Mohammed , Salman Abd Dr. salwa
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we give a type of iterative scheme for sequence of nonexpansive mappings and we study the strongly convergence of these schemes in real Hilbert space to common fixed point which is also a solution of a variational inequality. Also there are some consequent of this results in convex analysis
An Interactive Dynamic Fuzzy Goal Programming for Bi-level Multiobjective Linear Fractional Programming Problems.
Authors: ABO-SINNA MAHMOUD A , Amer Azza H
Published: August 2018

This paper presents an interactive dynamic fuzzy goal programming (DFGP) approach for solving bi-level multiobjective linear fractional programming (BL MOLFP) problems with the characteristics of dynamic programming (DP). In the proposed approach, the membership function of the objective goals of a problem with fuzzy aspiration levels are defined first as the membership function for vector of fuzzy goals of the decision variables controlled by firstâ€“level decision maker are developed first in the model formulation of the problem. The method of variable change, on the under and over deviational variables of the membership goals associated with the fuzzy goals of the model, is introduced to solve the problem efficiently by using linear goal programming (LGP) methodology. Then, under the framework of preemptive priority based GP, a multi  stage DP model of the problem is used for achievement of the highest degree (unity) of each of the membership functions. In the decision process, the goal satisficing philosophy of GP is used recursively to arrive at the most satisfactory solution and the suggested algorithm to simplify the solution procedure by DP at each stage is proposed. This paper is considered as an extension work of Mahmoud A. Abo-Sinna and Ibrahim A. Baky (2010) by using dynamic approach. Finally, this approach is illustrated by a given numerical example.
Effect of magnetic field on peristaltic flow of Walters B fluid through a porous medium in a tapered asymmetric channel.
Authors: Abdulhadi Ahmed M , Ahmed Tamara S
Published: August 2018

The problem of peristaltic transport of an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid in a tapered a symmetric channel through a porous medium is presented under long-wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions, the fluid is considered to be Walters B fluid and electrically conducting by a transverse magnetic field.The tapered asymmetric channel in the flow induced by talking peristaltic wave imposed on the non-uniform boundary walls to possess different amplitudes and phases. Series solutions for stream function, axial velocity and pressure gradient are given using regular perturbation technique. Numerical computations have been performed for the pressure rise per wave length. The effect of the physical parameters of the problem on these distributions are discussed and illustrated graphically through a set of figures.
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS FOR WEAKLY COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS IN COMPLEX VALUED b-METRIC SPACES
Authors: Dubey Anil Kumar , Kasar Madhubala , Dubey Ravi Prakash
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we prove a common xed point theorem for weakly compatible mappings in complex valued b-metric space and also improve the condition of contraction of the results of M. Kumar et al.[7]. Further, we prove common xed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings with (E.A.) property and (CLRg) property.
On adjacent vertex distinguishing total coloring of quadrilateral snake
Authors: Thirusangu K , Ezhilarasi R
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we prove the existence of the adjacent vertex distinguishing total coloringnof quadrilateral snake, double quadrilateral snake, alternate quadrilateral snake and double alternate quadrilateral snake in detail. Also, we present an algorithm to obtain the adjacent vertex distinguishing total coloring of these quadrilateral graph family. The minimum number of colors required to give an adjacent vertex distinguishing total coloring (abbreviated as AVDTC) to the graph G is denoted by avt(G).
SOLUTIONS OF FRATIONAL EMDEN-FOWLER EQUATIONS BY HOMOTOPY ANALYSIS METHOD
Authors: Wang Huan Huan , Hu Yue
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we have solved the singular initial value problems of fractional Emden-Fowler type equations by using the homotopy analysis method. The approximate analytical solution of this type equations are obtained.
NEAR RINGS ADMITTING CERTAIN DECOMPOSITION THEOREMS
Authors: Khan M Shadab
Published: August 2018

In the present paper we shall investigate some decomposition theorems for near rings satisfying any one of the conditions; (1)  (2)whereare integers.
Some Remarks on Restricted Panel Data Model
Authors: Abdulsamad Saja Yaseen , Mohaisen Ameera Jaber
Published: August 2018

In this paper , we investigate some remarks on panel data model with linear constraints on the coefficients of the random panel data model. Furthermore, it investigates the inferences . The restricted maximum likelihood method is employed to making inferences on the random panel data model.
Existence Of Coefficient Subring for Transcendental Extension Ring
Authors: Alolaiyan Hanan Abdulaziz
Published: August 2018

As a consequence of Cohen's structure Theorem for complete local rings that every _nite commutative ring R of characteristic pn contains a unique special primary subring R0 satisfying R/J(R) = R0/pR0: Cohen called R0 the coe_cient subring of R. In this paper we will study the case when the ring is a transcendental extension local artinian duo ring R; we proved that even in this case R will has a commutative coe_cient subring.
Modeling the Behavior of Inflation Rate in Albania Using Time Series
Authors: Liko Rozana
Published: August 2018

In this paper, time series theory is used to modelling monthly inflation data in Albania during the period from January 2000 to December 2016. The autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (ARCH) and their extensions, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH)) models are used to better fit the data. The study reveals that the inflation series is stationary, non-normality and has serial correlation.   Based on minimum AIC and SIC values the best model turn to be GARCH (1, 1) model with mean equation ARMA (2, 1)x(2, 0)12. Based on the selected model one year of inflation is forecasted (from January 2016 to December 2016).
Further Acceleration of the Simpson Method for Solving Nonlinear Equations
Authors: Thukral Rajinder
Published: August 2018

There are two aims of this paper, firstly, we present an improvement of the classical Simpson third-order method for finding zeros a nonlinear equation and secondly, we introduce a new formula for approximating second-order derivative. The new Simpson-type method is shown to converge of the order four.  Per iteration the new method requires same amount of evaluations of the function and therefore the new method has an efficiency index better than the classical Simpson method.  We examine the effectiveness of the new fourth-order Simpson-type method by approximating the simple root of a given nonlinear equation. Numerical comparisons is made with classical Simpson method to show the performance of the presented method.
Estimates of Solutions to Nonlinear Evolution Equations
Authors: Ramm Alexander G.
Published: August 2018

Consider the equation

                 u’(t) = A (t, u (t)),   u(0)= U0 ;   u' := du/dt     (1).  

Under some assumptions on the nonlinear operator A(t,u) it is proved that problem (1) has a unique global solution and this solution satisfies the following estimate                            

                  ||u (t)|| < µ (t) -1     for every t belongs to R+ = [0,infinity).

Here µ(t) > 0,   µ belongs to  C1 (R+), is a suitable function and the norm ||u || is the norm in a Banach space X with the property ||u (t) ||’   <=  ||u’ (t) ||.
Global existence and uniqueness of the solution to a nonlinear parabolic equation
Authors: Ramm Alexander G.
Published: August 2018

Consider the equation

 u’ (t)  -  u + | u |p u = 0, u(0) = u0(x), (1),

where u’ := du/dt , p = const > 0, x E R3, t > 0.

 Assume that u0 is a smooth and decaying function,

          ||u0|| =            sup             |u(x, t)|.

                                        x E R3 ,t E R+     

It is proved that problem (1) has a unique global solution and this

solution satisfies the following estimate

                             ||u(x, t)|| < c,

where c > 0 does not depend on x, t.
Efficient numerical integrator based on Fer expansion: Application to solid-state NMR experiments and to solve quantum Liouville equation and quantum Fokker-Planck equation
Authors: Mananga Eugene Stephane
Published: August 2018

There are two important related research areas that I propose to investigate. First, we plan to develop an efficient numerical integrator based on Fer expansion for solid-state NMR simulation of experiments. Second, we intend to extend the method to solve quantum Liouville equation and quantum Fokker-Planck equation in order to improve the understanding of the dynamics of quantum systems subject to dissipation due to its relation to macroscopic quantum phenomena. The goal of the proposed research is to study a numerical integrator based on Fer expansion (Fer integrators of higher orders) in the integration of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE) which is a central problem to nuclear magnetic resonance in general and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) in particular. The Fer integrator will provide to experts in quantum mechanics, NMR spectroscopy, and spin dynamics researchers, additional means for controlling spin dynamics in SSNMR. The efficient diagram will be used to compare the different orders of the Fer integrators obtained.
The Boyd Conjecture
Authors: Boyd Jeffrey
Published: August 2018

The Boyd Conjecture is that the amplitude of an elementary ray from the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) is thephysical analog of a probability amplitude from Quantum Mechanics (QM). Boyd learned TEW from his cousin Lewis E.Little, who had said that quantum math is the roadmap to the world of elementary waves, but we didnâ€™t know how to readthe map. He suggested that Boyd, with a degree in mathematics, should work on deciphering the map. In 2014 Boydbegan thinking that amplitudes are the core of QM, and elementary rays the core of TEW: perhaps they were equivalent.Both decisively influence particle behavior without conveying any energy. This essay discusses the history, strengths,weakness and implications of this conjecture.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF LUMINOUS MATTER IN A FRIEDMANN UNIVERSE
Authors: Wamalwa D.S.
Published: August 2018

The Friedmann model is considered through stereographic projection of the Friedmann-Roberson-Walker metric for open, flat and closed matter-dominated universe. A relation between redshift and number density of galaxies is derived on the platform of this metric while neglecting the effects of dark matter and dark energy. The derived relation is observed to have the potential to test the fractal-homogeneous nature of our universe based on accurate future observational data.
Â¬Â¬Chromium fluoride-containing bioactive glasses: Structure and properties
Authors: Damrawi G.El
Published: August 2018

Bioglasses in the system 24.5Na2O.24.5CaO.6P2O5.xCrF2.(45-x)SiO2 have been studied in the composition region of x= 0-10 mol%. CrF2. Glass of molar ratio (Ca+Na)/SiO2 ~1.1 is the base material for the glasses containing different CrF2 concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetriy (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Vicher hardness (Hv) measurements have been carried out. Crystalline feature of the glasses is followed up by XRD spectroscopy. It is found that crystallinity was enhanced via CrF2 addition. More enhancement was confirmed via thermal heat treatment process.  Increasing CrF2 and sintering temperature will induce new ordered phases which will be distributed in the main glassy phase. Well formed flouroapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F and wollastonite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3 phases containing fluorine and chromium ions are evidenced in CrF2 containing glasses. Increasing glass transition temperature Tg and hardness number Hv upon increasing CrF2 concentration was discussed on bases of formation of additional bonds by the effect of CrF2 molecules. The measured temperature window between Tc and Tg was found to have a great influence in material structure. Wide window is a feature of amorphous glass which free from CrF2.  The window scale is found to quickly decrease with increasing CrF2, since crystalline phases are already formed in glasses containing CrF2.  Formation of crystalline intermediate phases with more shielded silicate and phosphate structural is considered as the main reason for increasing Tg and (Hv) of the glasses.  EDS as well as XRD analyzed spectra confirm that crystalline wollastonite of calcium inosilicate mineral (CaSiO3) phase is well formed. The wollastonite species is evidenced to contain small amounts of chromium and fluorine ions which are substituting for calcium cations. Wollastonite phases with Cr/Si=1 is the most dominant type. This ratio is a characteristic feature of crystalline CaSiO3 species. Small concentration from fluorine ions are involved in apatite phases. Presence of both crystalline apatite and wollastonite in the sample matrix promotes its biocompatibility, particularly orthopedic bioactivity. As a consequence, some of investigated glasses are recommended to be applicable in dental field of applications. This depends on its own crystallinity, hardness, its apatite and wollastonite concentration as biocompatible phases in the crystallized glass
Study the Influence of Treatment Interruptions in the Radical Irradiation of Breast Cancer
Authors: Azam Alia A. , Oraby Ahmed H. , Awad Ibrahim A. , Attalla Ehab M.
Published: August 2018

Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in breast cancer treatment regimen (40 Grey /15 fractions/3 weeks) is more convenient for patients, especially those coming from remote areas to radiotherapy facilities and for healthcare providers, than conventional fractionation (50 Gy/25 fractions/5weeks). So the effectof radiotherapy interruption on treatment outcome (loco-regional control (LRC)& overall survival (OS)) during hypofractionated schedule is the issue of our study.Materials and Methods: We studied retrospectively 174 female patients with breast cancer who received PORT at the Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, from January-2012 to December-2016. We determined the treatment outcome (OS&LRC) from the follow-up (FU) of the studied patients, as the patient still survived or died, and recurrence till now occurred or not, and were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method and Logrank test, respectively. Then we calculated surviving fraction (SF) and tumor control probability (TCP) with regard to biologically effective dose (BED), for all patients, using breast cancer radiobiological parameters.Results: When comparing patients without radiotherapy gap with patients with radiotherapy gaps, the results showed a decrease in LRC rate in patients with radiotherapy treatment interruptions by 15 % (P=0.019, a significant value), but no detrimental effect on OS because of the very limited number of the studied patients. Curves of the relationship between (SF&OTT) and (TCP&OTT) confirmed the detrimental effect of unscheduled gap during radiotherapy fractions on the treatment outcome. Also we found a significant-P value for (marital status, start day of radiotherapy fractions, time, number, and duration of gaps); it means these factors affect LRC during radiotherapy interruptions.Conclusions: Interruptions during postoperative hypofractionated irradiation of breast cancer (40 Gy/15 fractions/3weeks) should be avoided and if they are inevitable, they should not be prolonged more than two days, as they will adversely affect the treatment outcome (LRC).
Testing and Applications of Non-Linear Wave Shaping Circuits Based on Zener Diodes at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: El-Maksood A. M. Abd
Published: August 2018

Applications of wave-shaping clipping circuits based on Zener diodes are of great interest in a wide range of modern electronic systems. As well, given the strong interest in space research and trips to distant planets, where the journey takes long periods. Therefore, the matter requires reliance on electronic systems with special specifications commensurate with the nature of the extremely low-temperature environments, down to cryogenic level (around 90 K). So, the present paper was concerned with studying the stability of the performance of different non-linear wave-shaping systems, based on silicon Zener diodes, whenever operates at very low temperatures down to cryogenic levels. From which, it is clear that for BZX79-C4V7 and BZX79-C5V6 Zeners, such electronic systems were shown to be insensitive to temperature variations. On the other hand, low breakdown voltage Zeners (BZV86-1V4 and BZX83-C3V6), the clipping edges were shown to be increased with lowering temperatures from 300 K down to 93 K. Finally, for Zener diodes with VZ greater than 6.0 V (BZX83-C6V8 and BZX55C9V1), the temperature coefficient is positive, so the clipping edges decrease with lowering temperatures, for the same range of temperatures.
CRYSTALLINE ACCOMMODATION LAW EXPLAINS THE CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS
Authors: El Ashram Dr. Tarek
Published: August 2018

All crystalline materials crystallize in one of seven crystalline systems which have different shapes and sizes. Why crystalline materials take particular forms of crystals and what make the atoms arrange themselves in these forms. Actually, until now there is no well defined law can account for the crystalline structure of materials. Here we show that the crystalline accommodation law, which is theoretically derived and experimentally verified, can explain the crystalline structure of all types of phases. This law is derived directly from the quantum conditions on the free electrons Fermi gas inside the crystal. The new law relates both the volume of Fermi sphere VF and volume of Brillouin zone VB to the valence electron concentration VEC as,    for all crystalline systems and phases, where n is the number of atoms per lattice point or primitive cell. Also because of this law, we introduce the occupied electronic quantum states notation (OEQS), which determine the number of occupied zones in the valence band.