bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large Sample Covariance Matrices and High-Dimensional Data Analysis
Authors: Yao Jianfeng , Zheng Shurong , Bai Zhidong
Published: April 2015

High-dimensional data appear in many fields, and their analysis has become increasingly important in modern statistics. However, it has long been observed that several well-known methods in multivariate analysis become inefficient, or even misleading, when the data dimension p is larger than, say, several tens. A seminal example is the well-known inefficiency of Hotelling's T2-test in such cases. This example shows that classical large sample limits may no longer hold for high-dimensional data; statisticians must seek new limiting theorems in these instances. Thus, the theory of random matrices (RMT) serves as a much-needed and welcome alternative framework. Based on the authors' own research, this book provides a firsthand introduction to new high-dimensional statistical methods derived from RMT. The book begins with a detailed introduction to useful tools from RMT, and then presents a series of high-dimensional problems with solutions provided by RMT methods.
The Anti-Slavery Cause in America and its Martyrs
Authors: Wigham Eliza
Published: April 2015

Eliza Wigham (1820–99), Scots philanthropist and champion of women's rights, was raised as a Quaker, and from an early age was involved in fundraising and other support for the abolitionist cause in the United States. She published this short book in 1863, with the aim of countering pressure on the British government to support the Confederacy by describing 'the frightful reality of scenes daily and hourly acting in the United States … a complication of crimes and wrongs and cruelties, that make angels weep'. She takes the story of the American abolitionist movement from its beginnings in Philadelphia in 1775, through the founding of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833, to the present state of hostilities between the north and the south. Interwoven with this narrative are stories of individual hardship and cruelty that make harrowing reading, and justify the use of the term 'martyrs' in the book's title.
Nonpartisan Primary Election Reform
Authors: Alvarez R. Michael , Sinclair J. Andrew
Published: April 2015

Over the years, observers of American politics have noted the deleterious effects of party polarization in both the national and state legislatures. Reformers have tried to address this problem by changing primary election laws. A theory underlies these legal changes: the reformers tend to believe that 'more open' primary laws will produce more centrist, moderate, or pragmatic candidates. The 'top-two' primary, just implemented in California, represents the future of these antiparty efforts. Nonpartisan Primary Election Reform examines California's first use of the top-two primary system in 2012. R. Michael Alvarez and J. Andrew Sinclair evaluate the primary from a variety of perspectives and using several different methodologies. Although the first use of this primary system in California did not immediately reshape the state's politics, it also did not have many of the deleterious consequences that some observers had feared. This study provides the foundation for future studies of state primary systems.
The ‘War on Terror' and the Framework of International Law
Authors: Duffy Helen
Published: April 2015

Helen Duffy's analysis of international law and practice in relation to terrorism and counter-terrorism provides a framework for analysing the lawfulness of the many legislative, policy and judicial developments which have proliferated since 9/11. Among the many specific issues she addresses are targeted killings and the death of Osama bin Laden, detentions (including Guantanamo Bay), sanctions regimes, surveillance, extraordinary renditions, the prohibition on 'association' or 'support' for terrorism and the evolving preventive role of criminal law. She also considers the unfolding responses to political and judicial wrongs committed in the war on terror, such as the impact of the courts on human rights protection. While exploring areas of controversy, uncertainty and flux, she questions post-9/11 allegations of gaping holes, inadequacies or transformation in the international legal order and concludes by highlighting characteristics of the 'war on terror' and questioning its longer term implications.
Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Authors: Shell M. Scott
Published: April 2015

Learn classical thermodynamics alongside statistical mechanics with this fresh approach to the subjects. Molecular and macroscopic principles are explained in an integrated, side-by-side manner to give students a deep, intuitive understanding of thermodynamics and equip them to tackle future research topics that focus on the nanoscale. Entropy is introduced from the get-go, providing a clear explanation of how the classical laws connect to the molecular principles, and closing the gap between the atomic world and thermodynamics. Notation is streamlined throughout, with a focus on general concepts and simple models, for building basic physical intuition and gaining confidence in problem analysis and model development. Well over 400 guided end-of-chapter problems are included, addressing conceptual, fundamental, and applied skill sets. Numerous worked examples are also provided together with handy shaded boxes to emphasize key concepts, making this the complete teaching package for students in chemical engineering and the chemical sciences.
A Less Green and Pleasant Land
Authors: Maclean Norman , Packham Chris
Published: April 2015

Disentangling the facts from the hype, this 'Domesday book' of the British and Irish countryside offers a definitive and up-to-date survey of the state of our wildlife today. Norman Maclean, editor of the bestselling Silent Summer, examines the latest findings of Britain and Ireland's top wildlife experts and interprets them for a wider audience. Each chapter provides reliable estimates of animal populations, showing which species are thriving and which are in decline. The book also considers the effects of climate change on our wildlife and how human population growth is influencing its development. Beautifully illustrated with colour plates and wood engravings throughout, this accessible and timely study reveals just how rapidly our countryside and its wildlife are changing, why we should be concerned, and what we can do about it.
Printers without Borders
Authors: Coldiron A. E. B.
Published: April 2015

This innovative study shows how printing and translation transformed English literary culture in the Renaissance. Focusing on the century after Caxton brought the press to England in 1476, Coldiron illustrates the foundational place of foreign, especially French language, materials. The book reveals unexpected foreign connections between works as different as Caxton's first printed translations, several editions of Book of the Courtier, sixteenth-century multilingual poetry, and a royal Armada broadside. Demonstrating a new way of writing literary history beyond source-influence models, the author treats the patterns and processes of translation and printing as co-transformations. This provocative book will interest scholars and advanced students of book history, translation studies, comparative literature and Renaissance literature.
Delirium in Critical Care
Authors: Page Valerie J. , Ely E. Wesley
Published: April 2015

The fully updated second edition of this popular handbook concisely summarises all current knowledge about delirium in critically ill patients and describes simple tools the bedside clinician can use to prevent, diagnose and manage delirium. Chapters discuss new developments in assessing risk and diagnosis, crucial discoveries regarding delirium and long-term cognitive outcomes, and dangers of sedation and death. Updated management advice reflects new evidence about antipsychotics and delirium. This book explains how to minimise the risks of delirium, drugs to avoid, drugs to use and when to use them, as well as current theories regarding pathophysiology, different motoric subtypes leading to missed diagnosis, and the adverse impact of delirium on patient outcomes. While there are still unanswered questions, this edition contains all the available answers. Illustrated with real-life case reports, Delirium in Critical Care is essential reading for trainees, consultants and nurses in the ICU and emergency department.
Chromatographic Processes
Authors: Nicoud Roger-Marc
Published: April 2015

Addressing all aspects of the design, modeling and simulation of chromatographic processes, this result-oriented primer provides a practical guide to all the necessary approaches, methodologies and tools. Beginning with key definitions and concepts, it builds up from the most simple to the most complex situations, including multicomponent systems, non-uniform velocity profiles, bed instability, particle size distributions, and the influence of complex environments on chromatographic process design. In addition to covering classical approaches, it introduces efficient tools for investigating chromatographic processes, such as the 'Russian-Lego' approach for linear systems, phenomenological models, and specific shortcuts for deriving the key properties of industrial processes. With an emphasis on real-world problems and applications, step-by step modeling design guidelines, and detailed exercises for self-assessment, this is a must-have guide for practitioners and researchers working in chemical, biochemical, food and pharmaceutical engineering.
Neurocritical Care Essentials
Authors: Sekhon Mypinder S. , Griesdale Donald E.
Published: April 2015

This practical new resource uses a highly visual approach to summarise and simplify neurocritical care topics which can often seem daunting in their complexity. Diagrams, flowcharts, figures and tables highlight the main principles of disease pathophysiology, diagnosis and management, giving an easy-to-understand insight into this new and exciting field of medicine. Numerous high-quality radiographic images demonstrate the neuroimaging of neurological and neurosurgical diseases, and overviews of major clinical trials and studies provide an evidence-based perspective. Incorporating a full grounding in the fundamentals of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and examination, and summaries of key points and suggested reading for each chapter, this book is a concise yet thorough reference for all those working in neurocritical care. Ideal for both trainees and specialists in neurology, neurosurgery, intensive care, anaesthesiology, emergency medicine and internal medicine.
The Demographic Imagination and the Nineteenth-Century City
Authors: Daly Nicholas
Published: April 2015

In this provocative book, Nicholas Daly tracks the cultural effects of the population explosion of the nineteenth century, the 'demographic transition' to the modern world. As the crowded cities of Paris, London and New York went through similar transformations, a set of shared narratives and images of urban life circulated among them, including fantasies of urban catastrophe, crime dramas, and tales of haunted public transport, refracting the hell that is other people. In the visual arts, sentimental genre pictures appeared that condensed the urban masses into a handful of vulnerable figures: newsboys and flower-girls. At the end of the century, proto-ecological stories emerge about the sprawling city as itself a destroyer. This lively study excavates some of the origins of our own international popular culture, from noir visions of the city as a locus of crime, to utopian images of energy and community.
Synaesthesia and Individual Differences
Authors: Rogowska Aleksandra Maria
Published: April 2015

Synaesthesia is a fascinating cognitive phenomenon where one type of stimulation evokes the sensation of another. For example, synaesthetes might perceive colours when listening to music, or tastes in the mouth when reading words. This book provides an insight into the idiosyncratic nature of synaesthesia by exploring its relationships with other dimensions of individual differences. Many characteristics of linguistic-colour synaesthetes are covered including personality, temperament, intelligence, creativity, emotionality, attention, memory, imagination, colour perception, body lateralization and gender. Aleksandra Maria Rogowska proposes that linguistic-colour synaesthesia can be considered as an abstract form of a continuous variable in the broader context of cross- and intra-modal associations. There has been a resurgence of interest in synaesthesia and this book will appeal to students and scientists of psychology, cognitive science and social science, and to those who are fascinated by unusual states of mind.
Turbulence intensity in wall-bounded and wall-free flows
Authors: Castro Ian P.
Published: April 2015

Turbulence intensity variations in the outer region of turbulent shear flows are considered, in the context of the diagnostic plot first introduced by Alfredsson et al. (Phys. Fluids, vol. 23, 2011, 041702) and for both (smooth and rough) wall-bounded flows and classical free shear flows. With $U$ defined as the mean velocity within the flow, $U_{e}$ as a suitable reference velocity and $u^{\prime }$ as the root mean square of the fluctuating velocity, it is demonstrated that, for wall flows, the attached eddy hypothesis yields a closely linear diagnostic plot ($u^{\prime }/U$ versus $U/U_{e}$) over a certain Reynolds number range, explaining why the relation seems to work well for both boundary layers and channels despite its lack of any physical basis (Castro et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 727, 2013, pp. 119–131). It is shown that mixing layers, jets and wakes also exhibit linear variations of $u^{\prime }/U$ versus $U/U_{e}$ over much of the flows (starting roughly from where the turbulence production is a maximum), with slopes of these variations determined by the total mean strain rate, characterised by Townsend’s flow constant $R_{s}$. The diagnostic plot thus has a wider range of applicability than might have been anticipated.
Amidst Mesopotamia-centric and Euro-centric approaches: the changing role of the Anatolian peninsula between the East and the West
Authors: Özdoğan Mehmet
Published: April 2015

Due to its geographical position, the Anatolian plateau has always been considered as a bridge in transmitting cultural formations that originated in the Near East to southeastern Europe and to the Aegean. Such a standpoint downgrades the role played by the Anatolian plateau to a transit route between the East and the West, overlooking its distinct structure. It seems that the main bias is in considering the Anatolian plateau as a single cultural unit, ignoring the multifarious nature of its structure. The role the Anatolian plateau played between the ‘East’ and the ‘West’ was much more complex and multi-facetted than assumed, even at times hampering all interaction. Yet another bias is considering Anatolia, in spite of its geographic extent, as the dividing line in defining the boundary between the East and the West. However, it is evident that the geographic limits of the peninsula do not necessarily correspond with the cultural entities. Thus, for example, while the cultural boundary separating the East and the West was somewhere in between the Aegean littoral and the central plateau during the Neolithic period, later it shifted considerably in both directions. On the other hand, through the earlier part of the Chalcolithic period, the extent of the Taurus mountains marks the dividing line between the Near Eastern and Anatolia-Balkan cultural formative zones, which by the Late Chalcolithic period moved much further to the west, up to the Marmara region, the Sea of Marmara then acting as a cultural barrier. Presented here is a conspectus of the recent picture on changing cultural boundaries through the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age.
HOW MUCH SHOULD WE VALUE AUTONOMY?
Authors: Oshana Marina
Published: April 2015

Autonomy generally is a valued condition for persons in liberal
cultures such as the United States. We uphold autonomous agents as
the exemplar of persons who, by their judgment and action, authenticate
the social and political principles and policies that advance their
interests. I will begin by examining the concept of autonomy in
Section II of this essay. In Section III, I will explore the idea
that autonomy is valued because autonomous agents are persons whose
judgment and actions serve to advance their interests in a democratic
society. But the focus of this essay is on the phenomenon, which is
not implausible in a culture such as that of the United States, of
being “blinded” by the ideal of autonomy. What happens if
we value autonomy too much?
XXII.—Studies on the Gametogenesis of Stenophylax stellatus, Curt. (Trichoptera).—Oogenesis
Authors: Gresson R. A. R.
Published: April 2015

Present knowledge of the oogenesis of caddis-flies is scanty. Marshall's paper (17) on the ovary of Platyphylax designatus is the only detailed account of the growth and history of the ovarian elements during the larval and pupal stages, but he does not deal with the cytoplasmic inclusions.
Oral self-mutilation associated with the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Authors: Dickenson Andrew J
Published: April 2015

A case is presented of multiple tooth autoextraction performed by a 22 year old male known to be afflicted with the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

This unusual and rarely reported aspect of the syndrome caused initial diagnostic confusion and improved following psychiatric therapy.
The serial killer in film: an archetype for our time
Authors: Blennerhassett Richard
Published: April 2015

The evolution of the serial killer in cinematic portrayal is described and examined in terms of its representation of the archetype of the shadow.
Seed morphology and physical dormancy of several North AmericanRhusspecies (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Baskin Jerry M. , Baskin Carol C.
Published: April 2015

Seed (= seed plus endocarp) morphology and physical dormancy were studied in seven North AmericanRhusspecies:R.copallina,R.glabra,R.typhina,R.aromatica(var.aromatica),R.microphylla,R.trilobata, andR.virens(var.virens). Seeds ofRhus glabraandR.typhina, of subgenusRhus, were gray, approx. 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, and weighed approx. 7 mg, whereas those ofR.aromatica,R.trilobata, andR.virens, of subgenusLobadium, were brown, >4 mm long, approx. 4 mm wide, and weighed approx. 14.5 mg (R.trilobata) to approx. 23 mg (R.aromaticaandR.virens). Dormancy in all seeds was due to a water-impermeable endocarp, but depth of dormancy varied greatly among species and seedlots. After 4 weeks, 29–34% of the seeds from all five seedlots ofR.trilobata,R.microphylla, andR.virensincubated on moist substrate had imbibed, compared to 0–14% of the seeds of all 16 seedlots ofR.aromatica,R.copallina,R.glabra, andR.typhina. After 1 yr, imbibition among seedlots ofR.aromaticavaried from 28 ± 2% to 69 ± 5%, whereas 93 ±2% to 100 ± 0% of the seeds from all seedlots ofR.microphylla,R.trilobata, andR.virensdid so. Neither dry laboratory storage for up to 4 yr (even 29 yr inR.aromatica) nor dry heating at 100oC or at 120oC effectively broke dormancy in any of the species tested (R.aromatica,R.glabra,R.trilobata,R.virens). Immersion in boiling water was the best method to render seeds ofR.glabraandR.typhinapermeable, yet it was ineffective for those ofR.aromatica,R.trilobata, andR.virens. In contrast, a 1 h-soaking in concentrated H2SO4led to complete loss of endocarp impermeability in the latter three species, but mostly was ineffective inR.glabraandR.typhina. Thus, there seems to be a tendency for seeds of subgenusRhusto respond well to boiling in water, but not to soaking in H2SO4, whereas the opposite is true for those of subgenusLobadium.
Cerebral Mechanisms in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Goldar Juan Carlos , Rojas Dario , Outes Mariano
Published: April 2015

Brain lesions cause different level change in cerebral function. They may conflict with the existing antagonistic mechanisms between the dorsal and ventral brain. At a clinical level, a dorsal brain lesion may constitute praxis disorders, while a ventral lesion may represent preventive inhibition. Further instinctive symptoms originate in the cingulate gyrus and its connections with the thalamic peduncle. This area may be an importan obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) pathway, that is utilized therapeutically during neurosurgical interventions in OCD.
The Importance of Aesthetics in Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Authors: Veale David M. , Lambrou Christina
Published: April 2015

It is hypothesized that body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) patients are firstly more “aesthetical,” an attribute much like being musical, which varies between different individuals. This results in a greater emotional response to more attractive individuals and placing greater value on the importance of appearance in their identity compared with healthy individuals. Some BDD patients may have greater aesthetic perceptual skills. This is manifested in their education or training in art and design. Secondly, BDD patients may have higher aesthetic standards than the rest of the population. Their failure to achieve an unrealistic aesthetic standard is at the core of BDD, leading to severe distress and handicap.
A Fossil Fuel-Funded Climate Disaster Response Fund under the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage Associated with Climate Change Impacts
Authors: Lyster Rosemary
Published: April 2015

Three sets of social institutions deal with catastrophic risk: government regulation through rule making, the market, and civil liability. Climate disasters expose the limitations of all of these social institutions and often result in extensive uncompensated losses, particularly in developing countries. The author proposes the establishment of a fossil fuel-funded Climate Disaster Response Fund to compensate victims for the ‘residual’ risk of climate disasters in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This Fund, established under the UNFCCC’s Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage Associated with Climate Change Impacts, would comprise levies placed on the world’s top 200 fossil fuel companies. This proposal is modelled on various domestic and international funds which have been established to overcome the difficulties posed by tort law and which require companies to pay for the hazardous consequences of their activities and products. Precedents include funds to compensate for the damage caused by toxic chemicals, oil pollution spills, asbestos and nuclear accidents.
Single-cell genomics-based analysis of virus–host interactions in marine surface bacterioplankton
Authors: Labonté Jessica M , Swan Brandon K , Poulos Bonnie , Luo Haiwei , Koren Sergey , Hallam Steven J , Sullivan Matthew B , Woyke Tanja , Eric Wommack K , Stepanauskas Ramunas
Published: April 2015

Viral infections dynamically alter the composition and metabolic potential of marine microbial communities and the evolutionary trajectories of host populations with resulting feedback on biogeochemical cycles. It is quite possible that all microbial populations in the ocean are impacted by viral infections. Our knowledge of virus–host relationships, however, has been limited to a minute fraction of cultivated host groups. Here, we utilized single-cell sequencing to obtain genomic blueprints of viruses inside or attached to individual bacterial and archaeal cells captured in their native environment, circumventing the need for host and virus cultivation. A combination of comparative genomics, metagenomic fragment recruitment, sequence anomalies and irregularities in sequence coverage depth and genome recovery were utilized to detect viruses and to decipher modes of virus–host interactions. Members of all three tailed phage families were identified in 20 out of 58 phylogenetically and geographically diverse single amplified genomes (SAGs) of marine bacteria and archaea. At least four phage–host interactions had the characteristics of late lytic infections, all of which were found in metabolically active cells. One virus had genetic potential for lysogeny. Our findings include first known viruses of Thaumarchaeota, Marinimicrobia, Verrucomicrobia and Gammaproteobacteria clusters SAR86 and SAR92. Viruses were also found in SAGs of Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. A high fragment recruitment of viral metagenomic reads confirmed that most of the SAG-associated viruses are abundant in the ocean. Our study demonstrates that single-cell genomics, in conjunction with sequence-based computational tools, enable in situ, cultivation-independent insights into host–virus interactions in complex microbial communities.
Genetic variation at MECOM, TERT, JAK2 and HBS1L-MYB predisposes to myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Tapper William , Jones Amy V. , Kralovics Robert , Harutyunyan Ashot S. , Zoi Katerina , Leung William , Godfrey Anna L. , Guglielmelli Paola , Callaway Alison , Ward Daniel , Aranaz Paula , White Helen E. , Waghorn Katherine , Lin Feng , Chase Andrew , Joanna Baxter E. , Maclean Cathy , Nangalia Jyoti , Chen Edwin , Evans Paul , Short Michael , Jack Andrew , Wallis Louise , Oscier David , Duncombe Andrew S. , Schuh Anna , Mead Adam J. , Griffiths Michael , Ewing Joanne , Gale Rosemary E. , Schnittger Susanne , Haferlach Torsten , Stegelmann Frank , Döhner Konstanze , Grallert Harald , Strauch Konstantin , Tanaka Toshiko , Bandinelli Stefania , Giannopoulos Andreas , Pieri Lisa , Mannarelli Carmela , Gisslinger Heinz , Barosi Giovanni , Cazzola Mario , Reiter Andreas , Harrison Claire , Campbell Peter , Green Anthony R. , Vannucchi Alessandro , Cross Nicholas C.P.
Published: April 2015

Clonal proliferation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is driven by somatic mutations inJAK2,CALRorMPL, but the contribution of inherited factors is poorly characterized. Using a three-stage genome-wide association study of 3,437 MPN cases and 10,083 controls, we identify two SNPs with genome-wide significance inJAK2V617F-negative MPN: rs12339666 (JAK2;meta-analysisP=1.27 × 10−10) and rs2201862 (MECOM; meta-analysisP=1.96 × 10−9). Two additional SNPs, rs2736100 (TERT) and rs9376092 (HBS1L/MYB), achieve genome-wide significance when includingJAK2V617F-positive cases. rs9376092 has a stronger effect inJAK2V617F-negative cases withCALRand/orMPLmutations (Breslow–DayP=4.5 × 10−7), whereas inJAK2V617F-positive cases rs9376092 associates with essential thrombocythemia (ET) rather than polycythemia vera (allelicχ2P=7.3 × 10−7). ReducedMYBexpression, previously linked to development of an ET-like disease in model systems, associates with rs9376092 in normal myeloid cells. These findings demonstrate that multiple germline variants predispose to MPN and link constitutional differences inMYBexpression to disease phenotype.
Comprehensive identification of arginine methylation in primary T cells reveals regulatory roles in cell signalling
Authors: Geoghegan Vincent , Guo Ailan , Trudgian David , Thomas Benjamin , Acuto Oreste
Published: April 2015

The impact of protein arginine methylation on the regulation of immune functions is virtually unknown. Here, we apply a novel method—isomethionine methyl-SILAC—coupled with antibody-mediated arginine-methylated peptide enrichment to identify methylated peptides in human T cells by mass spectrometry. This approach allowed the identification of 2,502 arginine methylation sites from 1,257 tissue-specific and housekeeping proteins. We find that components of T cell antigen receptor signal machinery and several key transcription factors that regulate T cell fate determination are methylated on arginine. Moreover, we demonstrate changes in arginine methylation stoichiometry during cellular stimulation in a subset of proteins critical to T cell differentiation. Our data suggest that protein arginine methyltransferases exert key regulatory roles in T cell activation and differentiation, opening a new field of investigation in T cell biology.
Controlling band alignments by artificial interface dipoles at perovskite heterointerfaces
Authors: Yajima Takeaki , Hikita Yasuyuki , Minohara Makoto , Bell Christopher , Mundy Julia A. , Kourkoutis Lena F. , Muller David A. , Kumigashira Hiroshi , Oshima Masaharu , Hwang Harold Y.
Published: April 2015

The concept ‘the interface is the device’ is embodied in a wide variety of interfacial electronic phenomena and associated applications in oxide materials, ranging from catalysts and clean energy systems to emerging multifunctional devices. Many device properties are defined by the band alignment, which is often influenced by interface dipoles. On the other hand, the ability to purposefully create and control interface dipoles is a relatively unexplored degree of freedom for perovskite oxides, which should be particularly effective for such ionic materials. Here we demonstrate tuning the band alignment in perovskite metal-semiconductor heterojunctions over a broad range of 1.7 eV. This is achieved by the insertion of positive or negative charges at the interface, and the resultant dipole formed by the induced screening charge. This approach can be broadly used in applications where decoupling the band alignment from the constituent work functions and electron affinities can enhance device functionality.
D-cycloserine to enhance extinction of cue-elicited craving for alcohol: a translational approach
Authors: MacKillop J , Few L R , Stojek M K , Murphy C M , Malutinok S F , Johnson F T , Hofmann S G , McGeary J E , Swift R M , Monti P M
Published: April 2015

Cue-elicited craving for alcohol is well established but extinction-based treatment to extinguish this response has generated only modest positive outcomes in clinical trials. Basic and clinical research suggests that D-cycloserine (DCS) enhances extinction to fear cues under certain conditions. However, it remains unclear whether DCS would also accelerate extinction of cue-elicited craving for alcohol. The goal of the current study was to examine whether, compared with placebo (PBO), DCS enhanced extinction of cue-elicited craving among treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Participants were administered DCS (50 mg) or PBO 1 h before an alcohol extinction paradigm in a simulated bar environment on two occasions. The extinction procedures occurred 1 week apart and were fully integrated into outpatient treatment. Subjective craving for alcohol was the primary variable of interest. Follow-up cue reactivity sessions were conducted 1 week and 3 weeks later to ascertain persisting DCS effects. Drinking outcomes and tolerability were also examined. DCS was associated with augmented reductions in alcohol craving to alcohol cues during the first extinction session and these effects persisted through all subsequent sessions, suggesting facilitation of extinction. Participants in the DCS condition reported significant short-term reductions in drinking, although these did not persist to follow-up, and found the medication highly tolerable. These findings provide evidence that DCS enhances extinction of cue-elicited craving for alcohol in individuals with AUDs in the context of outpatient treatment. The potential clinical utility of DCS is discussed, including methodological considerations and context-dependent learning.
Amperometric detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase activity: application to the characterization of resistant E. coli strains
Authors: Rochelet Murielle , Solanas Sébastien , Betelli Laetitia , Neuwirth Catherine , Vienney Fabienne , Hartmann Alain
Published: April 2015

Rapid electrochemical detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing strains.
Electrochemiluminescence-based detection method of lead(ii) ion via dual enhancement of intermolecular and intramolecular co-reaction
Authors: Deng Wei , Hong Lin-Ru , Zhao Min , Zhuo Ying , Gao Ming
Published: April 2015

An electrochemiluminescence sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of lead(ii) ions (Pb2+) was developed taking advantage of the high specificity of the aptamer for Pb2+ and the use of both intermolecular and intramolecular co-reaction to achieve signal enhancement.
One-pot synthesis of long twin gold nanorods in a gelled surfactant solution
Authors: Takenaka Y.
Published: April 2015

A new one-pot synthesis method was developed for producing long twin gold nanorods with lengths of ca. 1755 nm, which have the potential to be arranged on a substrate using anisotropic surface modification.
An immune sandwich assay of carcinoembryonic antigen based on the joint use of upconversion phosphors and magnetic beads
Authors: Li Yaohua , Wu Zhengjun , Liu Zhihong
Published: April 2015

A sensitive and selective new immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is constructed based on the joint use of upconversion phosphors (UCPs) and magnetic beads (MBs), which may find applications in clinical analysis.
A sensitive strategy for the fluorescence detection of DNA methyltransferase activity based on the graphene oxide platform and T7 exonuclease-assisted cyclic signal amplification
Authors: Ma Yefei , Chen Lini , Zhang Liangliang , Liao Suqi , Zhao Jingjin
Published: April 2015

A sensitive fluorescence detection method for DNA methyltransferase is developed based on graphene oxide and T7 exonuclease-assisted signal amplification.
A potentiometric magnetic immunoassay for rapid detection of Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Silva Nádia F. D. , Magalhães Júlia M. C. S. , Oliva-Teles M. Teresa , Delerue-Matos Cristina
Published: April 2015

We propose an immunomagnetic assay coupled to potentiometric detection suitable for sensitive (limit-of-detection 20 cells per mL) and rapid (assay time of 75 minutes) detection ofSalmonella typhimurium.
Influence of key amino acid mutation on the active site structure and on folding in acetyl-CoA synthase: a theoretical perspective
Authors: Greco Claudio , Ciancetta Antonella , Bruschi Maurizio , Kulesza Alexander , Moro Giorgio , Cosentino Ugo
Published: April 2015

DFT-based modeling of the A-cluster structure and acetyl-CoA synthase folding highlights an unprecedented coordination mode of histidine to metal-containing cofactors.
Halochromic and hydrochromic squaric acid functionalized perylene bisimide
Authors: Maeda Takeshi , Würthner Frank
Published: April 2015

A squaric acid functionalized perylene bisimide senses solvent polarity, pH and humidity through the intramolecular charge transfer initiated by protonation/deprotonation.
Structural basis for Na+-sensitivity in dopamine D2 and D3 receptors
Authors: Michino Mayako , Free R. Benjamin , Doyle Trevor B. , Sibley David R. , Shi Lei
Published: April 2015

To understand the structural basis for the Na+-sensitivity of ligand binding to dopamine D2-like receptors, using computational analysis in combination with binding assays, we identified interactions critical in propagating the impact of Na+on receptor conformations and on the ligand-binding site.
Mesoscale simulation of the formation and dynamics of lipid-structured poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymers
Authors: Mu Dan , Li Jian-Quan , Feng Sheng-Yu
Published: April 2015

Twelve poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PMMA) copolymers with lipid-like structures were designed and investigated by MesoDyn simulation.
Flower-like Au/Ni–Al hydrotalcite with hierarchical pore structure as a multifunctional catalyst for catalytic oxidation of alcohol
Authors: Du Y. Y. , Jin Q. , Feng J. T. , Zhang N. , He Y. F. , Li D. Q.
Published: April 2015

Flower-like hierarchical Au/NiAl-LDH catalysts were synthesized for selective oxidation of alcohols.
Construction of helical coordination polymers via flexible conformers of bis(3-pyridyl)cyclotetramethylenesilane: metal(ii) and halogen effects on luminescence, thermolysis and catalysis
Authors: Kim Hyeun , Park Minwoo , Lee Haeri , Jung Ok-Sang
Published: April 2015

Construction and physicochemical properties of rectangular-tubular-helical coordination polymers of [M(ii)X2L] (M = Zn(ii), Hg(ii); X− = Cl−, Br−) were investigated.
A thermodynamic tank model for studying the effect of higher hydrocarbons on natural gas storage in metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Zhang Hongda , Deria Pravas , Farha Omar K. , Hupp Joseph T. , Snurr Randall Q.
Published: April 2015

A thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the cyclic performance of metal–organic frameworks in adsorbing natural gas containing methane and higher hydrocarbons in a vehicle tank.
Relating surface chemistry and oxygen surface exchange in LnBaCo2O5+δ air electrodes
Authors: Téllez Helena , Druce John , Kilner John A. , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: April 2015

The surface and near-surface chemical composition of electroceramic materials often shows significant deviations from that of the bulk. In particular, layered materials, such as cation-ordered LnBaCo2O5+δ perovskites (Ln = lanthanide), undergo surface and sub-surface restructuring due to the segregation of the divalent alkaline-earth cation. These processes can take place during synthesis and processing steps (e.g. deposition, sintering or annealing), as well as at temperatures relevant for the operation of these materials as air electrodes in solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysers. Furthermore, the surface segregation in these double perovskites shows fast kinetics, starting at temperatures as low as 400 °C over short periods of time and leading to a decrease in the transition metal surface coverage exposed to the gas phase. In this work, we use a combination of stable isotope tracer labeling and surface-sensitive ion beam techniques to study the oxygen transport properties and their relationship with the surface chemistry in ordered LnBaCo2O5+δ perovskites. Time-of-Flight Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) combined with 18O isotope exchange was used to determine the oxygen tracer diffusion (D*) and surface exchange (k*) coefficients. Furthermore, Low Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS) was used for the analysis of the surface and near surface chemistry as it provides information from the first mono-atomic layer of the materials. In this way, we could relate the compositional modifications (e.g. cation segregation) taking place at the electrochemically-active surface during the exchange at high temperatures and the oxygen transport properties in double perovskite electrode materials to further our understanding of the mechanism of the surface exchange process.
A heteropolyacid-based ionic liquid immobilized onto fibrous nano-silica as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from carbon dioxide and epoxides
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Seyed Mohsen
Published: April 2015

A heteropolyacid-based ionic liquid immobilized onto fibrous nano-silica as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from carbon dioxide and epoxides.
Accelerating the design of multi-component nanocomposite imprinted membranes by integrating a versatile metal–organic methodology with a mussel-inspired secondary reaction platform
Authors: Wu Yilin , Yan Ming , Liu Xinlin , Lv Peng , Cui Jiuyun , Meng Minjia , Dai Jiangdong , Yan Yongsheng , Li Chunxiang
Published: April 2015

Multi-component metal–organic nanocomposite imprinted membranes have been prepared.
An ESIPT-based fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of hydrazine in aqueous solution
Authors: Zhou Ji , Shi Ruiyan , Liu Jianxu , Wang Rui , Xu Yufang , Qian Xuhong
Published: April 2015

A fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of hydrazine based on an ESIPT mechanism and a substitution–cyclization–elimination cascade was developed.
Development of an efficient route toward meiogynin A-inspired dual inhibitors of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 anti-apoptotic proteins
Authors: Desrat Sandy , Remeur Camille , Roussi Fanny
Published: April 2015

The synthesis, on a large scale, with very good yield and er via an efficient strategy, of a chiral 4-substituted 2-cyclohexenone intermediate, was a milestone in the synthesis of seven analogues of meiogynin A, a natural sesquiterpenoid dimer.
Cu-catalysed direct C–H (hetero)arylation of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine to construct deep-blue-emitting luminophores
Authors: Wu Jie , You Qiulin , Lan Jingbo , Guo Qiang , Li Xiaoyu , Xue Ying , You Jingsong
Published: April 2015

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3-aryl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridines has been developed via Cu-catalysed direct C–H (hetero)arylation. The resulting compounds exhibit deep-blue emission with high quantum yields, photostability, and thermal stability.
1,5-Benzodiazepine derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure–activity relationships
Authors: Wang Lan-Zhi , Li Xiao-Qing , An Ying-Shuang
Published: April 2015

36 novel 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. The results revealed that most of the 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives exhibited considerable potency against all of the tested strains.
Facile synthesis of Ag nanowire–rGO composites and their promising field emission performance
Authors: Samantara Aneeya K. , Mishra Dillip Kumar , Suryawanshi Sachin R. , More Mahendra A. , Thapa Ranjit , Late Dattatray J. , Jena Bikash Kumar , Rout Chandra Sekhar
Published: April 2015

Crystalline, ultra long silver nanowires, few-layered rGO and their rGO–Ag NW nanocomposite have been synthesized using a polyol reflux technique under optimized experimental conditions.
Enhanced fast charge–discharge performance of Li4Ti5O12 as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries by Ce and CeO2 modification using a facile method
Authors: Yi Ting-Feng , Wu Jin-Zhu , Li Mei , Zhu Yan-Rong , Xie Ying , Zhu Rong-Sun
Published: April 2015

Ce and CeO2in situ modified Li4Ti5O12 with fast charge–discharge performance for lithium-ion batteries were prepared by a solid-state method. The improved performance are found to be due to the increased ionic and electronic conductivity.
Hollow polyphosphazene microspheres with cross-linked chemical structure: synthesis, formation mechanism and applications
Authors: Wang Xuzhe , Fu Jianwei , Chen Zhonghui , Li Qiong , Wu Xuebing , Xu Qun
Published: April 2015

Hollow polyphosphazene microspheres with highly cross-linked chemical structures were prepared by a template-induced assembly mechanism. The hollow microspheres display good stability towards Au nanoparticles.
Synthesis, in vitro anticancer activity and SAR studies of arylated imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine–coumarin hybrids
Authors: Goel Richa , Luxami Vijay , Paul Kamaldeep
Published: April 2015

A diverse array of arylated imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine–coumarin hybrids have been synthesized for in vitro anticancer activities.
Melt free radical grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto fully biodegradable poly(lactic) acid films: effect of cellulose nanocrystals and a masterbatch process
Authors: Yang Weijun , Dominici Franco , Fortunati Elena , Kenny José M. , Puglia Debora
Published: April 2015

This article reports the preparation, by means of a masterbatch procedure, of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films via premixing 1% wt of CNC into PLA or glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) grafted PLA (g-PLA).
Water soluble hyperbranched polymers from controlled radical homopolymerization of PEG diacrylate
Authors: Zhao Tianyu , Zhang Hong , Zhou Dezhong , Gao Yongsheng , Dong Yixiao , Greiser Udo , Tai Hongyun , Wang Wenxin
Published: April 2015

Hyperbranched PEG-based polymers were synthesized through homopolymerization of PEG diacrylate via enhanced intermolecular branching and showed a concentration-dependent thermoresponsive property.
An ultraviolet/biological (UV/B) reactor for the removal of nitrogenous compounds from the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)
Authors: Cao Wenping , Zhang Jian , Wang Yinmei , Zhang Xueyang , Zhang Ming
Published: April 2015

An ultraviolet/biological (UV/B) reactor was used to treat the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).
D–π–A–π–D-type low band gap diketopyrrolopyrrole based small molecules containing an ethynyl-linkage: synthesis and photovoltaic properties
Authors: Ji Changyan , Yin Lunxiang , Li Kechang , Wang Lihui , Jiang Xueying , Sun Yingji , Li Yanqin
Published: April 2015

Two new OSMs M3 and M4 containing ethynyl-linkage have been synthesized successfully and the ethynyl-linkage effect were investigated.
Preparation and characterization of Ni/mZSM-5 zeolite with a hierarchical pore structure by using KIT-6 as silica template: an efficient bi-functional catalyst for the reduction of nitro aromatic compounds
Authors: Mazaheri Omid , Kalbasi Roozbeh Javad
Published: April 2015

Ni/mZSM-5 hierarchical zeolite and the acidic form of it were prepared as novel bi-functional catalysts which showed excellent activity for reduction of nitro aromatic compounds in aqueous medium at room temperature.
A study of nanogels with different polysiloxane chain lengths for photopolymerization stress reduction and modification of polymer network properties
Authors: Chen Cong , Li Minglei , Gao Yanjing , Nie Jun , Sun Fang
Published: April 2015

Polysiloxane-based nanogels with different chain lengths can not only reduce polymerization stress, but also improve the flexibility, thermostability and hydrophobic properties of photopolymerization materials.
Fabrication and characterization of a novel nanofiltration membrane by the interfacial polymerization of 1,4-diaminocyclohexane (DCH) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC)
Authors: Chen Gui-E. , Liu Yan-Jun , Xu Zhen-Liang , Tang Yong-Jian , Huang Hui-Hong , Sun Li
Published: April 2015

A novel thin-film composite polyamide membrane for nanofiltration is prepared, and the addition of sodium N-cyclohexylsulfamate is found to have a significant influence on its performance.
Influence of calcination temperature on the catalytic performance of Co3O4/GO nanocomposites for Orange II degradation
Authors: Shi Penghui , Wang Xianli , Zhou Xuejun , Min Yulin , Fan Jinchen , Yao Weifeng
Published: April 2015

In this study, we fabricated Co3O4/GO nanocomposites as a heterogeneous catalyst for Orange II degradation by activation of peroxymonosulfate. Especially, the relationship between calcination temperature and catalytic activity was discussed.
Thermochemical recovery technology for improved modern engine fuel economy – part 1: analysis of a prototype exhaust gas fuel reformer
Authors: Fennell D. , Herreros J. , Tsolakis A. , Cockle K. , Pignon J. , Millington P.
Published: April 2015

Exhaust gas fuel reforming has the potential to improve the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines, as well as simultaneously reduce gaseous and particulate emissions.
Graphene oxide–chitosan bionanocomposite: a highly efficient nanocatalyst for the one-pot three-component synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Maleki Ali , Paydar Reza
Published: April 2015

An eco-friendly and clean GO–biopolymer heterogeneous nanocatalyst was prepared and characterized, which efficiently promoted an important organic reaction.
Intermolecular interactions in eumelanins: a computational bottom-up approach. I. small building blocks
Authors: Prampolini Giacomo , Cacelli Ivo , Ferretti Alessandro
Published: April 2015

Building eumelanin: from basic units to spectral properties.
Dendrimer conjugates for light-activated delivery of antisense oligonucleotides
Authors: Yuan Ahu , Hu Yiqiao , Ming Xin
Published: April 2015

PAMAM dendrimer conjugates are used to co-deliver oligonucleotides and photosensitizers to cancer cells. After photo-irradiation, substantial reporter eGFP expression is produced by functional delivery of a model oligonucleotide.
Enhancement of protein production by microalgae Dunaliella salina under mixotrophic conditions using response surface methodology
Authors: Kadkhodaei S. , Abbasiliasi S. , Shun T. J. , Fard Masoumi H. R. , Mohamed M. S. , Movahedi A. , Rahim R. , Ariff A. B.
Published: April 2015

Schematic diagram of the upstream and downstream factors affecting transgene expression.
New insight into the promotion effect of Cu doped V2O5/WO3–TiO2 for low temperature NH3-SCR performance
Authors: Shen Meiqing , Li Chenxu , Wang Jianqiang , Xu Lili , Wang Wulin , Wang Jun
Published: April 2015

The promotion effect of Cu on the V/WTi catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 was investigated in the temperature range of 150–400 °C.