bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Complications of Sophysa SM8 Shunt in Adult Hydrocephalus: A Monocentric Experience
Authors: Coll Guillaume , Arrighi Marta , Berton Quentin , Coste Aurélien , de Schlichting Emmanuel , Chazal Jean , Sakka Laurent , Abed Rabbo Francis
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Sophysa SM8 is widely used by neurosurgeons in France. Published studies report shunt malfunction rates in adults between 18% and 29%. However, these studies included multiple valve types and thus entailed a serious confounding factor.

OBJECTIVE:

To ascertain the incidence the Sophysa SM8 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt malfunctions in adults.

METHODS:

We present a retrospective series of adult patients who underwent CSF shunt placement between 2000 and 2013 with Sophysa SM8.

RESULTS:

In total, 599 patients (329 males and 270 females) were included. The mean age at surgery was 64.15 years (19-90) (SD 16.17; median 68.0). The causes of hydrocephalus were normal pressure hydrocephalus (49%), traumatic hemorrhages (26.5%), tumors (15.7%), cerebral aqueduct stenoses (3%), and arachnoid cysts (2%). The mean follow-up was 3.9 years (0-16) (SD 4.10; median 3 years). The rate of complications was 22.04% (132 of 599). Most frequent causes of complications were disconnection (25%), migration (12.9%), overdrainage (9.1%), and proximal obstruction (6.8%). In 17 cases (12.9%), no failure was diagnosed during revision. Seven infections (5.3%) were reported. The mean delay for the first revision was 1.70 years (0-13.93) (SD 2.67, median 0.35). The risk of shunt failure was 36% at 10 years. Seventeen percent of revisions occurred during the first year after shunt placement.

CONCLUSION:

Disconnections are a very frequent complication of Sophysa SM8 valve. They are related to the 2-connector system of this valve. Based on these results, we recommend using 1-piece valves.
Prognostic value of carboxyhemoglobin in pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Alakaya Mehmet , Arslankoylu Ali Ertug
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To determine the carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels of the patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and investigate its relationship with prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients aged one month to 18 years admitted to Mersin University Hospital pediatric intensive care unit from January 2020 to January 2021. Demographic characteristics, hospitalization causes, PRISM III, PELOD scores, hospitalization length, mechanical ventilation supports, transfusion needs, lactate and, SpCO levels of all patients were determined. SpCO levels of the excitus and surviving patients were compared, and the relationship with mortality was investigated.

Results: Total 365 patients were included in the study. The median carboxyhemoglobin level of the excitus patients was statistically significantly higher when compared to the level of the surviving patients [(1.8(1.4-2,4) vs 0.65(0-1) p<0.001]). For mortality prediction, the cut-off point for SpCO, which was determined with 100% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity, was calculated as 1.3.

Conclusion: Since SpCO levels are increased in critically ill children and correlate with increased PICU mortality, SpCO may be a predictive marker for prognosis in PICU.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5753

How to cite this:Alakaya M, Arslankoylu AE. Prognostic value of carboxyhemoglobin in pediatric intensive care unit. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5753

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Incense Burning Indoor Pollution: Impact on the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Al-khlaiwi Thamir M. , Meo Sultan Ayoub , Habib Syed Shahid , Umar Meo Imran Muhammad , Alqhtani Mohammed S.
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Incense burning is a well-known practice in Asian and Middle Eastern cultures for ceremonial and religious purposes. The excessive use of incense burning has become a critical environmental health concern. The incense sellers are more exposed to incense allied air pollution. This study examines the association between prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in incense sellers.

Methods: This cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia” during the period July 2019 to January 2020. After medical history and examinations had been performed, a total of 265 non-smoking volunteers male incense sellers were selected. American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria were followed, people with “HbA1c less than 5.7% were considered normal; HbA1c 5.7%-6.4% were pre-diabetics, and HbA1c > 6.4% were considered people with diabetes”. In shops, the incense sellers were exposed to incense-related pollution for 8 hours daily, seven days a week. The mean age for the participants was 25±5.5 years, and body mass index was 19±2.8 (kg/m)2.

Results: In incense sellers, the pre-diabetic was 125 (47.2%), and diabetes was 75 (28.3%). However, 65 (24.5 %) incense sellers were without prediabetes and diabetes. There was an increase in HbA1c levels with increasing working exposure to incense shops.

Conclusions: The prevalence of pre-diabetic and type-2 diabetes was increased in incense sellers. The prevalence of pre-diabetic and type-2 diabetes was further increased with the increasing working duration of incense sellers. The study findings call for safe practice and avoiding indoor burning incense. It is suggested that well-ventilated areas with proper masks for the workers may reduce the incense-related pollution effects.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6189

How to cite this:Al-khlaiwi TM, Meo SA, Habib SS, Meo IMU, Alqhtani MS. Incense Burning Indoor Pollution: Impact on the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6189

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Critical barriers to sustainable capacity strengthening in global health: a systems perspective on development assistance
Authors: Knittel Barbara , Coile Amanda , Zou Annette , Saxena Sweta , Brenzel Logan , Orobaton Nosa , Bartel Doris , Williams Cecilia Abimbola , Kambarami Rose , Tiwari Dipak Prasad , Husain Ishrat , Sikipa Godfrey , Achan Jane , Ajiwohwodoma John Ovuoraye , Banerjee Banny , Kasungami Dyness
Published: August 2022

Background: Development assistance for health (DAH) is an important mechanism for funding and technical support to low-income countries. Despite increased DAH spending, intractable health challenges remain. Recent decades have seen numerous efforts to reform DAH models, yet pernicious challenges persist amidst structural complexities and a growing number of actors. Systems-based approaches are promising for understanding these types of complex adaptive systems. This paper presents a systems-based understanding of DAH, including barriers to achieving sustainable and effective country-driven models for technical assistance and capacity strengthening to achieve better outcomes

Methods: We applied an innovative systems-based approach to explore and map how donor structures, processes, and norms pose challenges to improving development assistance models. The system mapping was carried out through an iterative co-creation process including a series of discussions and workshops with diverse stakeholders across 13 countries.

Results: Nine systemic challenges emerged: 1) reliance on external implementing partners undermines national capacity; 2) prioritizing global initiatives undercuts local programming; 3) inadequate contextualization hampers program sustainability; 4) decision-maker blind spots inhibit capacity to address inequities; 5) power asymmetries undermine local decision making; 6) donor funding structures pose limitations downstream; 7) program fragmentation impedes long-term country planning; 8) reliance on incomplete data perpetuates inequities; and 9) overemphasis on donor-prioritized data perpetuates fragmentation.

Conclusions: These interconnected challenges illustrate interdependencies and feedback loops manifesting throughout the system. A particular driving force across these system barriers is the influence of power asymmetries between actors. The articulation of these challenges can help stakeholders overcome biases about the efficacy of the system and their role in perpetuating the issues. These findings indicate that change is needed not only in how we design and implement global health programs, but in how system actors interact. This requires co-creating solutions that shift the structures, norms, and mindsets governing DAH models.
Exploring system drivers of gender inequity in development assistance for health and opportunities for action
Authors: Bartel Doris , Coile Amanda , Zou Annette , Martinez Valle Adolfo , Nyasulu Hester Mkwinda , Brenzel Logan , Orobaton Nosa , Saxena Sweta , Addy Paulina , Strother Sita , Ogundimu Modupe , Banerjee Banny , Kasungami Dyness
Published: August 2022

Background: Deep-rooted and widespread gender-based bias and discrimination threaten achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Despite evidence that addressing gender inequities contributes to better health and development outcomes, the resources for, and effectiveness of, such efforts in development assistance for health (DAH) have been insufficient. This paper explores systemic challenges in DAH that perpetuate or contribute to gender inequities, with a particular focus on the role of external donors and funders.

Methods: We applied a co-creation system design process to map and analyze interactions between donors and recipient countries, and articulate drivers of gender inequities within the landscape of DAH. We conducted qualitative primary data collection and analysis in 2021 via virtual facilitated discussions and visual mapping exercises among a diverse set of 41 stakeholders, including representatives from donor institutions, country governments, academia, and civil society.

Results: Six systemic challenges emerged as perpetuating or contributing to gender inequities in DAH: 1) insufficient input and leadership from groups affected by gender bias and discrimination; 2) decision-maker blind spots inhibit capacity to address gender inequities; 3) imbalanced power dynamics contribute to insufficient resources and attention to gender priorities; 4) donor funding structures limit efforts to effectively address gender inequities; 5) fragmented programming impedes coordinated attention to the root causes of gender inequities; and 6) data bias contributes to insufficient understanding of and attention to gender inequities.

Conclusions: Many of the drivers impeding progress on gender equity in DAH are embedded in power dynamics that distance and disempower people affected by gender inequities. Overcoming these dynamics will require more than technical solutions. Groups affected by gender inequities must be centered in leadership and decision-making at micro and macro levels, with practices and structures that enable co-creation and mutual accountability in the design, implementation, and evaluation of health programs.
The relationship between decision-making autonomy and training on facility-level management performance of primary health care facilities in Odisha, India
Authors: Desai Eesha , Bell Griffith , Woodbury Sam , Kim June-Ho , Ratcliffe Hannah , Schwarz Dan
Published: August 2022

Background: Primary health care quality remains poor in many countries, despite its importance for universal health coverage. Evidence shows that better management of primary health care facilities improves service quality, and that facility managers’ autonomy and training levels can augment their management performance. In India, there is scant research in this area. Research questions include: 1) What is the effect of facility-level autonomy on management performance and is the effect modified by management training? 2) Which aspects of facility management are most sensitive to facility-level autonomy and is the effect augmented by management training? 

Methods: Using a multi-stage, regionally representative survey of health facilities in Odisha (n=396), a validated tool was used to measure management performance. An “autonomy score” was created to understand which facility management decisions are within a manager’s capacity. Multivariable linear regressions were used to assess the association of decision-making autonomy and management training with performance scores. 

Results: The mean performance score across all facilities was 0.657 (SD = 0.148) on a 0-1 scale; the mean autonomy score was 0.619 (SD = 0.305). Autonomy scores were not associated with a significant difference in performance scores; however, management training had an independent positive association with the human resources and monitoring domains of facility management. 

Conclusion: In Odisha, India management training may improve management performance, and targeted training initiatives may strengthen a primary care facility’s ability to retain staff and monitor performance. Our data did not demonstrate a significant association between decision-making autonomy and management performance, highlighting a need for further study on how decision-making autonomy may augment a manager’s ability to leverage their skills to improve facility outcomes. In summary, neither management training nor decision-making autonomy alone will sufficiently improve primary care management but targeting the improvement of management training may improve a subset of performance outcomes.
Pregorexia and its significance for physiological processes in the fetus - a review of current knowledge
Authors: Grajek Mateusz Krystian , Grot Martina , Kujawińska Maria , Nigowski Maciej , Kryska Sandra
Published: August 2022

Anoreksja występująca w przebiegu ciąży może oddziaływać destrukcyjnie na fizjologiczny obraz kliniczny ciężarnej, jej zdrowie psychiczne oraz rozwój płodu. Wynika to z faktu, że zachowania żywieniowe, proces programowania płodowego oraz relacje behawioralno-poznawcze przyczyniają się do kształtowania warunków wewnątrzmacicznych. Dysfunkcje na poziomie neuronalnym predysponują do zaburzonej relacji z jedzeniem, obniżonej samoakceptacji, depresji w okresie okołoporodowym oraz negatywnego postrzegania obrazu ciała. Konsekwencje zdrowotne wynikające z obniżonej podaży energetycznej w przebiegu anoreksji występującej w okresie ciąży przyczyniają się do ujawniania się matczynej ketonurii, ketonemii, przyrostu ekskrecji (wydalania) azotu podczas diurezy, obniżenia syntezy glukoneogennych aminokwasów po okresie głodzenia w ciąży. Doniesienia naukowe potwierdzają destrukcyjny wpływ zaburzeń behawioralnych skupionych na znacznym ograniczeniu spożycia pokarmu. Opieka medyczna i psychologiczna w pregoreksji (anoreksji ciężarnych) stanowi integralny element wsparcia w przebiegu ciąży i okresie okołoporodowym. Pomoc zawiera psychoedukację, obejmuje monitorowanie masy ciała, zdrowia psychicznego i fizycznego oraz rozpoznanych czynników ryzyka. Interdyscyplinarny zespół obejmujący opieką ciężarną z anoreksją powinien składać się z ginekologa, położnych, psychiatry, dietetyka klinicznego, psychodietetyka, psychoterapeuty, psychologa oraz zaangażowanych członków rodziny. Długofalowa, sukcesywnie realizowana edukacja żywieniowa wraz z wykorzystywaniem dedykowanych narzędzi diagnostycznych w postaci Skali Diagnostyki Zaburzeń Odżywiania (EDDS) oraz interwencja psychodietetyczna bazująca na dialogu motywującym powinna stanowi integralną część terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej.
The use of dietary supplements in preconception phase of women in Lublin province in the era before the COVID pandemic
Authors: Szwed Monika , Iwaniszyn-Zapołoch Klara , Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar  , Wierzchowska-Opoka Magdalena , Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose

Nutrition in the preconception phase as well as during pregnancy represents one of the most important factors that affect the development and well-being of the fetus and newborn. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary supplements during preconception among Polish women from the Lublin Province.

 

Material and methods

The survey was conducted in a population of 260 women, who were randomly included in the study. The women were asked to anonymously complete a questionnaire regarding the possible intake of supplementation. The questions included in the questionnaire concerned the frequency and type of dietary supplements taken.

 

Results

A slight majority of women (53%) did not take dietary supplements during the contraceptive period. The most commonly used was folic acid (45%), the least frequently - vitamin A (2%). The frequency of using dietary supplements by women in the pre-conception period does not correlate with the level of their place of residence, financial situation or age, however, it is related to the level of education - people with higher education used supplementation more often before pregnancy. Women's awareness of supplementation during pregnancy increases significantly. Women take many more supplements during pregnancy than they took before pregnancy. The average supplementation before pregnancy was 0.48, and during pregnancy it increases significantly and amounts to 0.83.

 

Conclusions

Women's awareness of supplementation during pregnancy increases significantly. Women take many more supplements during pregnancy than they took before pregnancy.The awareness of women should be increased and supplementation of recommended nutrients should be improved in order to prevent the effects of supplements deficiency.
Jordan chains of h-cyclic matrices, II
Authors: Nickerson Andrew , Paparella Pietro
Published: August 2022

McDonald and Paparella [Linear Algebra Appl. 498 (2016), 145-159] gave a necessary condition on the structure of the Jordan chains of h-cyclic matrices. In this work, that necessary condition is shown to be sufficient. As a consequence, we provide a spectral characterization of nonsingular, h-cyclic matrices.
On m-th roots of complex matrices
Authors: Liu Heguo , Zhao Jing
Published: August 2022

For an $n\times n$ matrix $M$, $\sigma(M)$ denotes the set of all different eigenvalues of $M$. In this paper, we will prove two results on the $m$-th $(m\geq2)$ roots of a matrix $A$. Firstly, let $X$ be an $m$-th root of $A$. Then $X$ can be expressed as a polynomial in $A$ if and only if rank $X^2$= rank $X$ and $|\sigma(X)|=|\sigma(A)|$. Secondly, let $X$ and $Y$ be two $m$-th roots of $A$. If both $X$ and $Y$ can be expressed as polynomials in $A$, then $X=Y$ if and only if $\sigma(X)=\sigma(Y)$.
A note on bounds for eigenvalues of nonsingular H-tensors
Authors: He Jun , Xu Guanjun
Published: August 2022

A counterexample to a theorem in the paper ELA 29:3-16, (2015) is provided, and an upper bound on the H-spectral radius of H-tensors is given.
Molded high curvature core-aligned micro-lenses for single-mode fibers
Authors: Guessoum Assia , Hajj Tony , Bouaziz Djamila , Chabrol Gregoire , Pfeiffer Pierre , Demagh Nacer-E. , Lecler Sylvain
Published: August 2022

A polymer-based fiber micro-lens molding fabrication technique with, to our knowledge, unprecedented performances is presented along with its advantages and applications. This technique is a fast and affordable tool to achieve a wide variety of possible spherical and aspherical micro-lens sizes and curvatures. The alignment of the micro-lens mold with the fiber core receiving the lens is done optically, which allows high precision. Using the proposed technique, different micro-lenses are fabricated. Then the output beams of two different micro-lenses on single-mode fibers are characterized. Fiber micro-lenses with curvature as small as 5 µm are achieved. This shows how low curvature micro-lenses can achieve collimation and how high curvature ones on single-mode fibers lead to high focusing (

F
W
H
M

=
λ

) that is much smaller than what most conventional commercial techniques can reach. Given that this technique imposes no stress and causes no damage to the fiber receiving the micro-lens, it presents a significant potential for compatibility with non-silica-based and micro-structured fibers such as photonic crystal and quasi-crystal fibers.
Polarization reflection distribution characteristics of wakes on the
sea surface
Authors: Song Mingzhu , Guo Rong , Ma Xinru , Chen Yantong , Wang Junsheng
Published: August 2022

Research on the polarization reflection distribution characteristics of wakes on the
sea surface can provide a theoretical basis for ocean wake target
detection and has important research value in the field of ship and
underwater moving target monitoring. The Kelvin wake model and the
Cox–Munk model are used to describe a wake on a rough sea surface.
Considering the atmospheric Rayleigh scattering and the reflection
characteristics of a rough sea surface, a visible spectrum band wake
polarization characteristic model based on the Stokes vector and
Mueller matrix is established to explore the polarization reflection
distribution characteristics of wakes on the sea surface under
skylight background at different wind speeds, wind directions, and sun
angles. A simulation is done of the airborne polarization reflection
imaging of wakes on a rough sea surface. The results show that under
the determined observation angle, the polarization
distribution characteristics of wakes on a rough sea surface are
mainly related to the angle of the sun. The polarization contrast of
simulated wakes in typical scenes is acceptable, and it is feasible to
detect sea wake targets by the polarization method. The analysis and
simulation of the wake polarization characteristics model can provide
a theoretical basis for ocean wake target detection.
CMOS-compatible, broadband, and polarization-independent edge coupler for efficient chip coupling with standard single-mode fiber
Authors: Wang Linghua , Han Fengyang , Chen Huaixi , Huang Jiwei , Zhang Yazhen , Zhang Xinbin , Feng Xinkai , Wei Rongshan , Wang Shaohao , Zhu Minmin
Published: August 2022

A CMOS-compatible, broadband, and polarization-independent edge coupler for efficient chip coupling with standard single-mode fiber is proposed. Three layers of a silicon nitride waveguide array with the same structures are used in the top oxide cladding of the chip to achieve high coupling efficiency and to simplify the mode transformation structure. Optimal total coupling loss at the wavelength of 1550 nm,

−

0.49

d
B

for TE mode polarization and

−

0.92

d
B

for TM mode polarization is obtained. The

−

1

d
B

bandwidth is beyond 160 nm for TE mode polarization and

∼

130

n
m

for TM mode polarization, respectively. A significant reduction in the packaging cost of silicon photonic chips is anticipated. Meanwhile, the structure holds vast potential for on-chip three-dimensional photonic integrations or fiber-to-chip, chip-to-chip optical interconnections.
Intrinsic mode coupling in mirror-symmetric whispering gallery resonators
Authors: Woska Simon , Rebholz Lukas , Rietz Pascal , Kalt Heinz
Published: August 2022

Rotationally symmetric micro-cavities with disk, ring or toroidal shape displaying whispering gallery modes (WGMs) play an essential role in modern-day photonics. Due to the reduced symmetry of such resonators compared to spheres, an exact analytical model yielding WGMs as solutions does not exist. The established WGM classification scheme based on approximated analytical solutions is generally useful but neglects a possible interaction between the different modes. In this paper, we assess the limitation of the validity of this established classification based on extensive finite element method (FEM) simulations. We investigate respective mode couplings as well as underlying selection rules based on avoided crossings of the modes’ resonance wavelengths. We propose conserved mode properties solely based on true symmetries of the underlying refractive-index distribution and deduce a novel WGM classification scheme.
Highly sensitive gas pressure sensor based on the enhanced Vernier effect through a cascaded Fabry-Perot and Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Zhu Xiping , Jiang Chao , Chen Hailin , Wang Yuan , Sun Simei , Zhang Han , Wang Pei , Huang And Huiling
Published: August 2022

A high sensitivity optical fiber gas pressure sensor based on the enhanced Vernier effect is proposed. The sensor is composed of a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). Since the interference fringes of FPI and MZI drift in the opposite direction with the change of gas pressure, when their free spectral ranges are similar, the enhanced Vernier effect is formed after their cascading. Compared with the traditional Vernier effect gas pressure sensor, the enhanced Vernier effect gas pressure sensor realizes much higher sensitivity gas pressure measurement without complex manufacturing process or desensitized reference interferometer. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of the enhanced Vernier effect sensor is 241.87 nm/MPa. In the two traditional Vernier effect gas pressure sensors formed by cascading FPI and MZI, the sensitivity of sensor is 63.02 nm/MPa and 171.26 nm/MPa, respectively. Compared with the two traditional Vernier effect sensors, the sensitivity of the enhanced Vernier effect sensor is increased by 3.8 times and 1.4 times, respectively. The proposed sensor also has the advantages of good repeatability and stability, fast response, low cost and easy manufacture. Our structure also provides a new design scheme for a high sensitivity optical fiber gas pressure sensor.
Analyzing preventive precautions to limit spread of COVID-19
Authors: Ahmad Ayaz , Rustam Furqan , Saad Eysha , Siddique Muhammad Abubakar , Lee Ernesto , Mansilla Arturo Ortega , Díez Isabel de la Torre , Ashraf Imran
Published: August 2022

With the global spread of COVID-19, the governments advised the public for adopting safety precautions to limit its spread. The virus spreads from people, contaminated places, and nozzle droplets that necessitate strict precautionary measures. Consequently, different safety precautions have been implemented to fight COVID-19 such as wearing a facemask, restriction of social gatherings, keeping 6 feet distance, etc. Despite the warnings, highlighted need for such measures, and the increasing severity of the pandemic situation, the expected number of people adopting these precautions is low. This study aims at assessing and understanding the public perception of COVID-19 safety precautions, especially the use of facemask. A unified framework of sentiment lexicon with the proposed ensemble EB-DT is devised to analyze sentiments regarding safety precautions. Extensive experiments are performed with a large dataset collected from Twitter. In addition, the factors leading to a negative perception of safety precautions are analyzed by performing topic analysis using the Latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm. The experimental results reveal that 12% of the tweets correspond to negative sentiments towards facemask precaution mainly by its discomfort. Analysis of change in peoples’ sentiment over time indicates a gradual increase in the positive sentiments regarding COVID-19 restrictions.
Long-term availability of data associated with articles in PLOS ONE
Authors: Federer Lisa M.
Published: August 2022

The adoption of journal policies requiring authors to include a Data Availability Statement has helped to increase the availability of research data associated with research articles. However, having a Data Availability Statement is not a guarantee that readers will be able to locate the data; even if provided with an identifier like a uniform resource locator (URL) or a digital object identifier (DOI), the data may become unavailable due to link rot and content drift. To explore the long-term availability of resources including data, code, and other digital research objects associated with papers, this study extracted 8,503 URLs and DOIs from a corpus of nearly 50,000 Data Availability Statements from papers published in PLOS ONE between 2014 and 2016. These URLs and DOIs were used to attempt to retrieve the data through both automated and manual means. Overall, 80% of the resources could be retrieved automatically, compared to much lower retrieval rates of 10–40% found in previous papers that relied on contacting authors to locate data. Because a URL or DOI might be valid but still not point to the resource, a subset of 350 URLs and 350 DOIs were manually tested, with 78% and 98% of resources, respectively, successfully retrieved. Having a DOI and being shared in a repository were both positively associated with availability. Although resources associated with older papers were slightly less likely to be available, this difference was not statistically significant, suggesting that URLs and DOIs may be an effective means for accessing data over time. These findings point to the value of including URLs and DOIs in Data Availability Statements to ensure access to data on a long-term basis.
Associations between ubiquitin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex steroid hormones in the failed to conceive female dromedary camels raised in hot climates
Authors: Alharbi Yousef Mesfer
Published: August 2022

Background and Aim: The reproductive management of female dromedary camels involves traditional implications that are widespread among desert camel raisers. Several subfertility clinical manifestations impede pregnancy and elongate the interval between parturitions. Ubiquitin is a novel-specific protein, referred to recently as a biomarker for reproductive performance in male and female mammals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between subfertility clinical status and the peripheral levels of ubiquitin versus follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone, and estradiol.

Materials and Methods: According to the clinical diagnoses, 80 female dromedaries admitted to the university clinic were categorized into six female groups suffering from endometritis (EN, 28; 35%), inactive ovaries (IO, 18; 22.5%), ovarian hydrobursitis (BU, 19; 23.75%), vaginal adhesions (VA, 7; 8.75%), salpingitis (SA, 4; 5%), and cervicitis (CE, 4; 5%). In addition, five normal fertile non-pregnant females served as controls (CONs). All animals underwent ultrasonography and blood sampling for hormone and ubiquitin determinations.

Results: The results revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in ubiquitin in the CE (577.22 pg/mL) and VA (670.92 pg/mL) females. However, lower ubiquitin levels but still higher than the CON were noted in females with other symptoms (225.76, 425.79, 394.02, 414.96, and 393.92 pg/mL in the CON, BU, SA, IO, and EN, respectively). Concomitantly, the mean levels of FSH revealed a similar trend, showing higher (p < 0.05) levels in CE (2.79 mIU/mL) and VA (2.5 pg/mL) females. In contrast, no change was observed in FSH among other groups than CON (2.11, 2.17, 2.01, 2.24, and 2.13 mIU/mL in CON, BU, SA, IO, and EN, respectively). There was no difference in the progesterone levels among groups; however, estradiol- 17β levels significantly differed (p < 0.01), showing the highest level (629.15 pg/mL) in the SA group with no significant difference among other groups.

Conclusion: Thus, ubiquitin could be used as a biomarker for genital tract inflammation in female camels raised in hot climates.
Trekking the Amazon with Love and Care
Authors: Zent Eglee , Zent Stanford , Jtute Lojta , Jtitekyo Awelajlu , Jtute Jkatalila̧ , Ijtö Lobįko , Jkwayo Ilę , Yaluja Maliela , Juae Iva , Jono Noe , Molö Alejadro , Amikoja Aula , Melomaja Abeto , Aubojkyo Alabala , Bowijte Kyabo , Yewi Awaïkï , Yewi Jani-Yewi , Jtitekyo Ba̧lejko , Jkai  , Jtute Jtobá , Yolo Lila , Uliejteja Ajti̧ta , Bowijte Jtujkaybojlae , Jtute Ulijkule , Jlawi Jkwajkya , Bowijte Late
Published: August 2022

This essay highlights the philosophical views of the Jotï, an Indigenous group from the Venezuelan Amazon. Daily Jotï behaviors are embraced by a notion of life in which everything is interconnected (mana jtïdemame) and should be respected given its sacredness (jkïmañe). Furthermore, life is in perennial movement (jkeibïae dekae) and is designed to be carried out together in groups (uliyena majadïka). The maintenance of life is related to engaging in solidarity, reciprocity, and amicability (me madöna), with these values being the key metaphor for hunting-gathering-farming-fishing rather than predation. The universe is populated by a myriad of entities with unique capacities, volitions, and motivations (budëkïmade)—like those of people, regardless of their nonhuman appearances—evidence that the universe’s inherent condition is subjective, and all life forms originated from the same root. Likewise, no landscape or life form is pristine or final; instead, everything is potentially subject to ceaseless transformation (jka ojtali ~ jkabaemade). Those reasons provide the basis for why every person should strive for righteousness (nï jti maudöna), endeavoring to be morally good and practicing love-care with all that surrounds us (jkyo jkwainï). Love-care is the translation of a praxis considered an innate essential constituent of all persons. It is also the fundamental strategy to sustain and protect life. Given that nothing prevents a person anywhere in the world from embracing love and care as their life motto while struggling to prevent the current path of destruction of the Earth, the enactment of love-care is an endless possibility regardless of location or time.
Structural and functional biomarkers of the effect of navigational repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with drug-resistant depression
Authors: Poydasheva A. G. , Sinitsyn D. O. , Bakulin I. S. , Suponeva N. A. , Piradov M. A.
Published: August 2022

The use of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with a drug-resistant depressive episode is associated with a high variability of its effect, which determines the relevance of the search for predictive biomarkers of the effect.

Objective: to search for neuroimaging biomarkers of the clinical effectiveness of navigational rTMS in patients with a drug-resistant depressive episode.

Patients and methods. The study included 30 patients with a drug resistant depressive episode who underwent 20 sessions of navigational highfrequency rTMS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the left hemisphere. We performed an analysis of correlations between functional connectivity and gray matter volume (GMV) in given areas (before rTMS) with the degree of reduction in the Beck score for assessment of depression and the presence of a clinically significant response to therapy.

Results and discussion. A relationship was shown between the clinical effect and low values of functional connectivity between the subgenual cingulated cortex and DLPFC of the right hemisphere. A relationship was found between a decrease in the severity of symptoms of depression and the volume of GMV in the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, and median cingulate cortex of the left hemisphere, as well as a relationship between the presence of a significant response to therapy and the volume of GMV in the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole and superior temporal gyrus on the left.

Conclusion. The obtained results may become a prerequisite for the development of individual predictive biomarkers of the effectiveness of rTMS in patients with a resistant depressive episode.
DESIGN OF HOTEL PERFORMANCE LEVEL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM BASED ON HALAL VALUE WITH BSC METHOD
Authors: FItria Hanin , Aman Syahrial , Latifah Ahmad Tita
Published: August 2022

In running the hotel business, it is always required to be able to compete and maintain the loyalty of the stakeholders in order to continue to exist. One of the efforts to be able to compete and maintain the loyalty of stakeholders is to find out how far the performance of the hospitality business is and what efforts are being made to improve its performance. In measuring company performance, it does not only focus on general aspects, but also considers other aspects, namely measuring company performance based on its halal value. In this study, the Balanced Scorecard method was used based on halal values ​​to be able to measure the company's performance. The results obtained after measuring using the Balanced Scorecard, namely the final score of the company's overall performance was obtained at 82.08% which was included in the very good category. From a financial perspective, the results of achievement, level of achievement, and scores from 2013 to 2015 were 32.95%, 71.04%, and 71.04%, respectively. Then from the customer's perspective, the results of achievement, level of achievement, and scores from 2013 to 2015 were 83.98%, 92.48%, and 92.48%, respectively. From the perspective of internal business processes, the results of achievement, level of achievement, and scores from 2013 to 2015 were 83.34%, 83.34%, and 83.34%, respectively. From the growth and learning perspective, the results of achievement, level of achievement, and scores from 2013 to 2015 were 60.78%, 86.26%, and 86.26%, respectively. However, the measurement using the Balanced Scorecard only focuses on the company's financial results and the unfavorable correlation between non-financial measures and the results. This situation will be a weakness of the Balanced Scorecard method because it cannot continue to take more specific steps forward so it cannot perform more accurate performance measurements.
Relationship between Knowledge and Compliance with the Implementation of Health Protocols in the Area of Educational Institutions in SMA/SMK in the district of Noemuti
Authors: Rua Yusfina Modesta , Nitsae Veronika , Usfinit Paskalis Malafu
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT The implementation of the new normal is of course with the implementation of strict health protocols, including in the area of educational institutions.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and compliance in the implementation of health protocols, especially in the education area.This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 283 respondents consisting of teachers, staff, and students.The results of the chi-square test with a level of significance = 0.05 obtained p-value (α) = 0.026 < from value = 0.05 so that it shows that there is a relationship between knowledge and the level of compliance of students and teachers in implementing the covid 19 health protocol.Students and teachers SMA in Noemuti Sub-district have a good perception of behavior and attitudes in carrying out the implementation of the covid 19 health protocol. Compliance with the covid 19 health protocol is carried out well because they know the benefits and risks obtained and are supported by adequate knowledge.
The concerning persistence of weird ideas about learning and educational technology and their influence on the future directions of higher education
Authors: Lodge Jason M. , Thompson Kate , Corrin Linda
Published: August 2022

Many volumes have been devoted to intuitive but misguided ideas about how learning works. This is as true in the use of educational technologies in higher education as it is in other related fields of educational research. As we (hopefully) emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic, educational technologies are poised to feature more heavily in post-secondary education into the future. There is a substantial incentive for bad actors to provide oversimplified solutions to complex problems. These neat solutions may seem attractive to sector and institutional leaders looking for solutions to the morass of wicked problems the pandemic has inflamed. The pages of this journal and others provide a venue for world-class research on the use of educational technologies in higher education. Despite this enormous volume of high-quality work, misconceptions and oversimplified notions of learning with technology persist. Much has been made of weird ideas about learning but, with higher education facing an increasingly uncertain digitally-mediated future, there is significant risk that these ideas could have a profound influence on the global higher education sector into the future.
Theoretical investigations on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone
Authors: Huang Jing , Yang Lei , Fu Minglian , Chen Zhangxu , Huang Xiaojin
Published: August 2022

The vast applications of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-derived systems in the sensors originate from their unusual excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) fluorescence in the molecules. The mechanism of ESIPT fluorescence in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone (HNLSC) system was investigated by ab initio time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculation. The solvation stabilized both ground state and excited state in the enol form, and the medium intramolecular interaction ensured the bond break, bond-forming and proton transfer in the conversion from excited enol form to keto form. ESIPT reaction from the enol form to the keto form had a low barrier of 2.54 kcal mol−1 in the cyclohexane solvation, and all the calculated emission was consistent with the experimental findings. Moreover, the disaggregation of excited enol form was favoured instead of the IPT conversion to keto form, vanishing the specific ESIPT pathway in the protic surroundings. Our research can give a meaningful insight into the two kinds of fluorescence spectroscopy in the HNISC system found by experimental measurement and be potential guidance to the application of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-derived systems in the development of new-type sensors, nonlinear optical materials and biochemical probes.
Individual Differences in Mentalizing Tendencies
Authors: Weinstein Netanel Y. , Whitmore Lucy B. , Mills Kathryn L.
Published: August 2022

The human capacity to represent others and oneself in terms of internal mental states—mentalizing—varies across individuals. In this paper, we assess the extent to which commonly used mentalizing measures successfully capture meaningful individual differences in mentalizing tendencies and explore how these tendencies relate to broader variability in cognitive and social functioning. To this end, we administered a battery of behavioral and self-report measures of mentalizing, fluid intelligence, personality dimensions, sense of self, cognitive tendencies, and psychopathology symptoms in an online study (N=150). In a series of preregistered analyses, we found that fluid intelligence scores were most predictive of mentalizing variability while dimensions such as psychopathy, empathy and sense of power were also significantly associated with this variability (though to a lesser extent than fluid intelligence). Of the psychopathology symptoms assessed, somatization and self-harm were most strongly associated with inter-individual variability in mentalizing and uncertainty about mental states was the mentalizing dimension most tightly correlated to psychopathology symptoms. Our findings point to the need for more research to explore ways in which mentalizing tendencies are tied to other domains, such as general cognitive functioning and psychopathology. Additionally, our findings highlight the potential for merging clinical assessment tools with social cognition research.
Dental ve Maksillofasial Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme güncel bilgiler
Authors: YILMAZ Selmi
Published: August 2022

Düz radyografiler ve konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografik görüntüleme (KIBT) ile yuşak doku sinyali, manyetik rezonans görüntülemeden sert doku sinyali tam anlamıyla alınamadığı için, sert ve yumuşak dokunun simultane görüntülenmesi henüz mümkün olamamaktadır. Rutin klinik kullanımda olan düz radyografilerin yumuşak doku patolojilerinde tanısal değeri yoktur. Son 10 yılda diş hekimliğinde görüntüleme ağırlıklı olarak KIBT’ye odaklansa da medikal görüntüleme alanında in vivo histolojik görüntüleme olarak nitelendirilen manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) teknikleri geliştirilmektedir. Bu teknikler oral ve maksillofasial radyoloji alanında anatomi ve patolojiinin görüntülenmesi için adapte edilmekte, disiplinler arası çalışmalarla optimum veri elde edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Güncel olarak intraoral sarmal geliştirme çalışmaları, sert doku görüntüleme için tanımlanan yeni sekanslar, ultra yüksek manyetik alan kullanan cihazlar ile yapılan çalışmaların literatüre kazandırıldığını görmekteyiz.
Maksillofasial MRG’de bir sonraki adım, sert doku görüntüleme sekanslarının ve intraoral sarmalların optimizasyonu ile ultra yüksek alanlara sahip cihazlarda in vivo kullanımı olarak görünmektedir. Ancak bu teknolojinin diş hekimliği klinik uygulamasına girmesi için oldukça uzun bir süreye ihtiyaç olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.
Deporte, resiliencia y calidad de vida
Authors: Cabrera Acosta Rosa Elvira , González Pieras Jonathan
Published: August 2022

La Revista de Investigación Cuerpo, Cultura y Movimiento les hace llegar sus más sinceras congratulaciones por la prestancia y motivación al estudio de las temáticas que aquí se abordan. Debido a la necesidad de poner en manos de los investigadores estudios de conocimientos profundos, que contribuyan a dar significados y sentidos al quehacer pedagógico en las áreas del de la cultura física, el deporte y la educación física, se ofrecen soluciones de la ciencia, asumidas por los profesionales para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población y la sostenibilidad de la práctica deportiva en un mundo condicionado por el uso de las nuevas tecnologías. Por lo tanto, el abordaje de las temáticas expuestas muestra la esencia del hombre en su única y mejor condición social, que es la de ser humano.
Preparation and characterization of Racomitrium japonicum moss biochar and its adsorption of Sr(II)
Authors: Yang Yang , Cheng Zijie , Luo Yufan , Li Xinran , Lei Yanbao , Plenković-Moraj Anđelka , Chen Ke
Published: August 2022

Biochar is recognized as an effective sorbent for environmental management and many other applications. Herein the authors report biochar derived from moss Racomitrium japonicum L., prepared via pyrolysis at 400 °C to 1000 °C. The biochar was characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy diffraction (XPS), as well as the ability to remove Sr2+ from aqueous solutions. The results indicated that a biochar with high thermal stability, specific surface area, and dense and mesoporous pores was obtained, with surface functional groups enhancing the adsorption process. Equilibrium adsorption data were consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating surface homogeneity, with maximum Sr2+ adsorption capacity of 225 mg/g at 25 °C. These results demonstrate that the R. japonicum moss biochar can be used to develop an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Sr (II) from aqueous solution and suggests its utility for further application in removing heavy metals from water.