bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pakartotinis gimdos plyšimas nėštumo metu: klinikinis atvejis ir literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Bakavičiūtė Greta , Melech Amelija , Bužinskienė Diana , Drąsutienė Gražina , Poškus Tomas
Published: January 2016

Pakartotinis gimdos plyšimas – tai reta ir itin pavojinga motinos bei vaisiaus gyvybei akušerinė komplikacija. Nepavėluota diagnostika ir gydymas svarbu tiek gelbstint motinos ir vaisiaus gyvybę, tiek užtikrinant gyvenimo kokybę. Šio straipsnio tikslas – pristatyti retą klinikinį pakartotinio gimdos plyšimo po buvusios cezario pjūvio operacijos ir laparoskopinės gimdos miomos pašalinimo operacijos atvejį ir apžvelgti literatūrą, nagrinėjančią gimdos plyšimo nėštumo metu aktualumą, rizikos veiksnius, klinikinius požymius bei gydymą.
Inksto transplantato de novo karcinomos gydymas perkutanine radiodažnine abliacija: klinikinis atvejis
Authors: Paškonis Marius , Andreika Laimutis , Andreika Linas , Jurgaitis Jonas , Jankevičius Feliksas , Strupas Kęstutis
Published: January 2016

Pastebėta, jog piktybinių navikų dažnis žmonėms, kuriems persodinti inkstai, yra didesnis nei bendrojoje populiacijoje. Inkstų karcinomos sudaro 4,8 % visų navikų, nustatomų recipientams, ir vos 10 % – transplantate. Transplantato navikai gali būti perduoti donoro, metastazės iš kitų recipiento organų arba de novo (naujai) vystytis po transplantacijos. De novo navikai transplantate nustatomi vidutiniškai 10 metų po transplantacijos. Mes aprašome klinikinį atvejį 45 metų vyro, kuriam 16 metų po inksto persodinimo atsitiktinai aptikta besimptomė neišplitusi 15 mm dydžio papilinė inksto karcinoma apatiniame transplantato poliuje. Ligoniui sėkmingai atlikta minimaliai invazyvi procedūra – perkutaninė radiodažninė abliacija, kuri visiškai sunaikino naviką išsaugodama transplantato funkciją. Ankstyvųjų komplikacijų nenustatyta. Praėjus vieneriems metams po procedūros vėžinės ligos atsinaujinimo ar vėlyvųjų komplikacijų požymių nėra, išlieka adekvati transplantato funkcija be hemodializės poreikio.
Cheerleading Injuries in United States High Schools
Authors: Currie Dustin W. , Fields Sarah K. , Patterson Michael J. , Comstock R. Dawn
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Approximately 400 000 students participate in US high school cheerleading annually, including 123 386 involved in competitive spirit squads. The degree of athleticism and the difficulty of cheerleading skills have increased in recent decades, renewing safety concerns. This study describes the epidemiology of high school cheerleading injuries and compares cheerleading injury rates and patterns relative to other sports.

METHODS:

Data collected by the longitudinal, National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study from 2009/2010 through 2013/2014 were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Injury rates in cheerleading ranked 18th of 22 sports, with an overall injury rate of 0.71 per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Competition (0.85) and practice (0.76) injury rates were similar, whereas performance rates were lower (0.49). Although 96.8% of injured cheerleaders were girls, the overall injury rate was higher in boys (1.33 vs 0.69, rate ratio [RR]: 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30–2.88). Although concussions were the most common cheerleading injury (31.1% of injuries), concussion rates were significantly lower in cheerleading (2.21 per 10 000 athlete-exposures) than all other sports combined (3.78; RR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.51–0.66) and all other girls’ sports (2.70; RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.93). Over half of all injuries occurred during stunts (53.2%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although safety remains a concern among cheerleaders, overall injury rates are lower than most other high school sports. Although overall injury rates are relatively low, cheerleading injuries may be more severe when they do occur. A detailed knowledge of cheerleading injury patterns relative to other sports is needed to drive targeted, evidence-based prevention efforts.
Status and Opportunities for High Efficiency OLED Displays on Flexible Substrates
Authors: Hack Michael , Chwang Anna , Tung Yeh-Jiun , Hewitt Richard , Brown Julie , Lu JengPing , Shih Chinwen , Ho Jackson , Street R. A. , Moro Lorenza , Chu Xi , Krajewski Todd , Rutherford Nicole , Visser Robert
Published: January 2016

OLEDs are an ideal technology for electronic display applications. They are fabricated by depositing very thin films of organic materials at low temperatures (<100°C) to form bright, vivid power efficient self-emissive light producing elements with fast response times that can be grown on a variety of large area substrates such as glass, plastic or metal foil. These properties make OLEDs ideally suited to enable high information content flexible displays. In particular, the application of phosphorescent OLEDs leads to very low power consumption displays – a key requirement for mobile applications. In this paper we outline our progress towards developing low power consumption, active-matrix flexible OLED (FOLED™) displays. Our work is focused on integrating three critical enabling technologies: high efficiency long-lived top emission phosphorescent OLED (PHOLED™) device technology, flexible active-matrix backplanes, and thin film encapsulation.
Hierarchical Functionally Gradient Structures of Bamboo, Barley, and Corn
Authors: Amada Shigeyasu
Published: January 2016

Bamboo and certain other plants have excellent characteristics based on functionally gradient structures. Figure 1 shows a cross section of bamboo, corn, and barley culms. The collection of solid dots in bamboo is called the bundle sheath, which acts as fibers for the plant. These bundle sheaths are shown in the magnified photograph of corn and barley. These two plants are made of composite materials reinforced by fibers of the bundle sheath; the fiber strength is about 10 times that of the matrix. Furthermore, the fiber distribution is dense in the outer region and sparse in the inner region. It can be said that the fiber distribution forms a gradient structure. The fibers in barley are sparse in the narrow cross section and are different from the fibers in corn and bamboo. The number of honey-comb-shaped cells in barley is higher on the outside than the inside region. Therefore, barley also has a gradient structure. These relations of the microscopic gradient structure are displayed graphically by the cross-sectional photographs. Figures 1a and 1b present the fiber contents of bamboo and corn, respectively, with respect to radius measured from the outer radius. Figure 1c gives the gradient distribution of the cell number for barley with respect to radius. These gradient features probably relate to the bending-stress distribution caused by wind, rain, and snow—the so-called environmental loads.
Ingress of NaCl in concrete with alkali reactive aggregate: effect on silicon solubility
Authors: Heisig Anne , Urbonas Liudvikas , Beddoe Robin E. , Heinz Detlef
Published: January 2016

Enhanced damage due to the alkali–silica reaction (ASR) in concrete exposed to deicing salt (NaCl) is usually attributed to binding of chloride ions in the hydration products of cement. To balance charge, OH− ions are released into the concrete pore solution which increases alkalinity. However, during NaCl ingress a decrease in the OH− concentration of the concrete pore solution due to potassium leaching would reduce SiO2 solubility and therefore ASR damage. The present work combines expansion measurements with pore solution analysis by ICP-OES and XRD measurements on concretes and hydrated cement pastes. Solubility equilibria calculations were performed with the hydrogeochemical simulation program PHREEQC. The investigations show that the OH− concentration of the pore solution is mainly lowered by potassium leaching during NaCl ingress. The OH− concentration also decreases owing to the formation of Friedel’s salt from ettringite which is associated with the release of sulphate. Although the OH− concentration with NaCl is lower, ASR damage is intensified and the silicon concentration in the pore solution is higher. Higher silicon solubility is explained by the higher total alkali concentration which increases surface silicate solubility, the formation of an aqueous complex NaHSiO
3
0
and a higher ionic strength. These effects promote the sensitivity of silicate minerals to ASR, the formation of alkali silica gel and finally ASR damage.
Load path dependence of strain and stress for confined concrete
Authors: Xiong Hai-bei , Li Ben-ben , Jiang Jia-fei
Published: January 2016

The assumption of load-path independence of strain and stress has been widely adopted as the basis for building analysis-oriented models of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP)-confined concrete. This assumption facilitates the application of stress–strain models to actively confined concrete in FRP-confined (or passively confined) concrete. However, consensus on the path independence of concrete has not yet been reached. In this study, an investigation into the influence of stress path on concrete mechanical behaviour was conducted by assessing the models of actively confined concrete and comparing the results of the most accurate active confinement model with the experimental results for FRP-confined concrete cylinders at the same confinement pressures. The influence of two confinement systems on strain and axial stress under the same lateral pressures was studied in detail. The results show that strain and axial stress are path dependent. The loading-path effect on both axial strain and stress is related to the lateral stiffness ratio. Based on the confirmation of the path dependence in the confined concrete, a modified analysis-oriented model is proposed. The model has good performance in predicting the stress–strain behaviour of FRP-confined concrete.
Analysis of Sustainable Development in Local Spaces: The Application of the Theory of Fuzzy Sets
Authors: García Batiz Maria Luisa , Flores Payan Lucio , Venegas Sahagún Betriz Adriana
Published: January 2016

La medición del desarrollo sostenible presenta considerables dificultades que han limitado la capacidad de conocer y comprender la situación de los sistemas locales en cuestiones ambientales, por lo que este trabajo tiene la intención de hacer contribuciones para medir el desarrollo sostenible a nivel local. Para realizar esta medición, se presenta la construcción de un Índice de Desarrollo Sostenible Local (IDSL), el cual se construyó utilizando la teoría de la lógica difusa. Este índice permite analizar y comparar el desarrollo sostenible en tres dimensiones específicas del sistema ambiental a nivel local: social, ambiental y económica. Como evidencia empírica, se presentan los resultados de 11 municipios del Estado de Jalisco, México. Estos municipios integran las tres mayores zonas metropolitanas de la región.
Paro Nacional Agrario: paradojas de la acción política para el cambio social
Authors: Arias Fernandez Monica , Preciado Castellanos Manuel Alejandro
Published: January 2016

El Paro Nacional Agrario colombiano como acontecimiento político fue una movilización social que puso en cuestión los márgenes de la acción política, transformándose en un hecho irreductible a sus actores y causas, evidenciando la condición precaria de la agricultura en Colombia: la concentración de la tierra y la producción agrícola, la seguridad del territorio y el modelo desarrollo económico. Se aborda este acontecimiento político a partir del pensamiento de Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari, quienes desarrollan una serie de conceptos que permiten analizar la forma en que la resistencia y la movilización social ocupan un lugar inherente dentro del ejercicio del poder estatal. A partir de la pregunta por las condiciones que posibilitan un cambio social y el lugar que ocupa la movilización social en el mismo, se desarrolla una mirada crítica que posibilita problematizar el lugar que tiene la sociedad en la construcción de alternativas para el cambio social.

 
Assessment of Bargaining Power in Preparation of International Business Negotiations Strategies: Case of Wholesale Trade
Authors: Peleckis Kęstutis
Published: January 2016

Recently businesses need to find the new ways to ensure business growth and competitiveness in the international market. Cultural diversity of international business brings new challenges in the development and implementation of negotiation strategies of businesses, in cooperation with foreign partners. At present business solutions are used for development and implementation of negotiating strategies for international business, which are not universally suitable for business development in all situations in context of globalization, with current challenges, which are characterized by increasing risk, uncertainty and cultural differences. New challenges in international business negotiations are caused by formation of common cultural and information space in a global scale, the new demands for information technology progress in development of international competition and accelerating innovation processes. International business negotiation strategy development and implementation are setting the essential features and causal relations and is relevant in practice by creating in each negotiation case the unique negotiation strategy, focused on maximizing the effectiveness of the international business with the aim of more efficient use of business negotiation potential – the negotiating power. In scientific problem solving it is necessary to offer such instruments, which would take into account bargaining power of participants in negotiations, and would allow real implementation of business strategies and constitute an appropriate contribution to their development. The article aims - to design a theoretical model for preparing and implementing strategies of international business negotiations, based on evaluations of bargaining powers and to verify experimentally its relevance and applicability.
Mathematical Modeling: Effects on Problem Solving Performance and Math Anxiety of Students
Authors: Santos M. Lian Kamyl P. , Belecina Rene R. , Diaz Rosemarievic V.
Published: January 2016

This study determined the effects of the integration of mathematical modeling on the problem solving performance and math anxiety level of Grade 9 students. Two groups of students were exposed to different strategies: the control group was taught using guided practice while the experimental group was taught using the integration of mathematical modelling. Pretests and Posttests were given to measure the performance of both groups in terms of their problem solving skills and their math anxiety level. T-test of independent and dependent were used to determine whether there exists significant difference between the performance of the two groups in terms of their pretest and posttest scores. Questionnaire and Interview Method were implemented were used to elicit students’ reactions on the integration of mathematical modeling in the classroom.Findings showed that there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest mean scores of both groups in terms of their problem solving performance test and their mathematics anxiety test. However, when their posttest mean scores were compared, the experimental group made a large improvement in terms of their problem solving performance and a reduction in terms of their mathematics anxiety level, thus, the integration of mathematical modeling was effective in improving the problem solving performance and reducing the math anxiety level of students
A Comparative Study of Executive Functions and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Normal Individuals
Authors: Safarinia Majid , Zare Hossein , Ghasemifard Vashe Leila , Abasaliloo Sajjad Vakilee
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive disorders, processing emotional stimulants and mental reaction in patients with borderline personality disorder and normal individuals. The study was descriptive and scientific-comparative. The study population included all patients with borderline personality disorder who were referred to psychiatric clinics in Tabriz. Among this population, 50 patients with borderline personality disorder were matched with 50 healthy individuals from the general population of the city, who had no history of mental illness, and their demographic variables such as age, sex, educational level and marital status. They were selected by a random sampling technique and had completed the questionnaires on cognitive emotion regulation, mental reaction and the Wisconsin Card Test. In order to analyze the data, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed with SPSS version 20. Results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in preservation error and total error components, as well as the positive and negative components of cognitive regulation, and also in mental reaction (p < 0.001). According to the findings, it can be said that better and more complete understanding of personality disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder, provides more effective and more specialized intervention in the treatment and prevention of recurrence in patients with this disorder.
Pedagogical Conditions of Training Future Managers of Foreign Economic Activity for Cross-Cultural Communication
Authors: Oleksenko Olena
Published: January 2016

The study reveals the pedagogical conditions of training future managers of foreign economic activity for cross-cultural communication. The analysis of the scientific research in this field has shown that the essence of the pedagogical conditions has not been generalized or systemized yet. On the base of the invariable vectors of the pedagogical process, the pedagogical conditions of training future managers of foreign economic activity for cross-cultural communication are outlined. They are: creating multicultural surrounding in the process of training managers for gaining experience in cross-cultural communication (organization); adaptive gradual management of the educational activity with due regards for personal, professional, communicative qualities of future managers of foreign economic activity (management); subject and subject interaction, directed at the optimal management of cross-cultural conflicts (communication).
Electricity Sector Reality, Economic Security and National Development in Nigeria: An Elite Theory Dimension
Authors: Okeke Remi Chukwudi , Agbodike Florence C.
Published: January 2016

The electricity sector is an immensely critical component of the equations in a 21st century economy. Economic security on the other hand is the essence of national development. The crucial question in this study therefore borders on the extent to which the electricity sector in Nigeria positively relates to economic security and how these variables ultimately link with national developmental dreams in this nation-state. We have made use of secondary sources of data and the elite theoretical framework in the conduct of the study. The methodology of the study is the critical mode of research. Our findings indicate that there are immense weak-linkages between Nigeria’s electricity sector reality, economic security and national developmental aspirations in the country. And this is principally (un) driven by elite insensitivity. The paper emphasizes that a critical leadership challenge in Nigeria hinges on the appreciation of the import of these linkages by current and subsequent generations of national development planners in the Nigerian state.
The Effect of Social, Economic and Cultural Variables on the Lack of Interest in Liability Insurance in "Case Study" of Sanandaj
Authors: Reza Shafei , Azadeh Eftekhar
Published: January 2016

This article was done with the aim of surveying the effect of social, economic and cultural variables on the lack of interest in liability insurance (responsibility) of Sanandaj. This study is a kind of practical research and it’s also descriptive with the correlation method of information collection (amassment). The statistic society of the research is all of the engineers, doctors and contractors of Sanandaj that don't use the liability insurance. They were about 650 persons which according to the limitation of statistic society checking (scrutiny), 250 persons were chosen by the random sampling which finally 241 persons took place in the research process. For research data collection, the substantiated questionnaire consisted of 24 locutions and 3 cultural, economic and social scales (criterions) was used based upon the Likret’s five-point spectrum. According to the analysis of collected data, the results showed that the economic and cultural factors have a negative effect on the liability insurance, and totally with the cultural and economic condition increment, the lake of interest in liability insurance will decrease.
Innovative Trend of Acquiring and Mastering Knowledge by Students
Authors: Oleksenko Viacheslav
Published: January 2016

With the beginning of the post-industrial epoch or knowledge society the problem of acquiring and mastering knowledge by future specialists stimulates great interest. It is explained by the fact that not only the role of knowledge but also the scheme of its mastering undergoes significant changes. Knowledge is considered to be the priority of the earth-dwellers of the XXI century along with the guarantor of the progressive development of states as well as their wealth.The problem is being solved through working out of an educational class where knowledge acquiring and mastering would become of vital importance for students, the professional growth of future specialists would be held due to their natural abilities or capabilities and the personal qualities would be formed. It is emphasized that such classes have a new structure. We call them studactive classes. They differ from the ones that are already known (lectures, practical classes, laboratory work, seminars and other types of classes) by the specific organization of the entire pedagogical activity of all class participants, by the way of acquiring knowledge and the type of managing students’ cognitive activity.The macrostructure of the studactive class is researched, that is defined on the basis of providing active individual wok of every student in the common process of acquisition and qualitative formation of competences that fosters natural communication of participants of studying, sharing the results of their work.The scientific content, didactic functions, stages of individual formation and common principles of studactive classes organization are grounded. It is determined that the essence of the methodical aspect of organization of the studactive class lies in mastering active forms and methods of work both by a teacher in order to organize and provide help for students in overcoming difficulties and eliminating mistakes, and by future specialists for their self-cognitive activity taking into account their personality and subject specificity.The organizational, educational and researching, social and psychological methods of stimulating future specialists, factors of providing efficiency of the studactive class are revealed. It is emphasized that the methods of mastering knowledge are based on the conscious independent acquiring new knowledge, forming a dynamic stereotype to self-improve and self-develop, drawing to a permanent active process to reveal knowledge. It is stated that different types of consultations for students with a low, medium and high level of preparation are used.With the help of the method of mathematical statistics it is proved that studactive classes favour the level improvement of mastering knowledge by students.
Evaluation of Graduating Students of the Impact of Graduate School Education and Services in Rizal Technological University
Authors: Crisostomo Leonila C. , de Guzman Amelita L. , Asturias Marilou C.
Published: January 2016

The students are the reasons for the establishment of learning institutions which are the key factors to quality education. At present, the mission of the RTU-GS is to produce world-class professionals and leaders to meet the multifarious expectations and needs of society. Since 1977 up to presents, no one has ever conducted a research on graduate students‘ assessment of the Graduate School and its student services. It is in this end that the researchers brought about an exit interview to Graduate School graduating students.This study used the causal comparative design and had 80 respondents representing the RTU graduating students‘ population for school year 2012-2013. The respondents were described as to gender, age, GS course and number of year of degree completion.From the salient findings of the study, the researchers concluded that the GS graduating students are very satisfied with the personal impact of education, the development of their professional skill, and the personnel and various offices. The GS students suggest the fixed format on thesis writing, special lanes or windows for business transaction and the maintenance of good interpersonal relationship between school personnel and students. The overall rating of the GS students of the education is very satisfactory. Finally, there are significant differences in the assessment of GS students by personnel and offices.
Métodos e técnicas de medição de torque diretamente em eixos rotativos
Authors: Borges Jacques Cousteau Da Silva , Nóbrega Sobrinho Carlos Alberto , Lima Filho Abel Cavalcante , Belo Francisco Antônio
Published: January 2016

Medir e controlar o torque em sistemas rotativos é essencial para prevenir rupturas, danos, desgastes e demais avarias que a máquina possa sofrer devido ao torque excessivo em determinado eixo. Contudo, realizar essa medição em plena operação da máquina/sistema não é uma tarefa simples, devido principalmente à necessidade de se extrair informações sob eixo em rotação. Atualmente, são utilizados sistemas que devem ser eletricamente alimentados, e seus dados são adquiridos por anéis coletores, transformadores ou sistemas de telemetria. É um desafio da atualidade a implementação de novas técnicas capazes de mensurar o torque sobre o eixo em plena rotação, e entender os diferentes métodos é essencial para superar esse desafio. Apresentam-se a seguir os detalhes referentes às medições de torque em eixos em rotação, presentes na literatura já consolidada, bem como alguns métodos e técnicas inovadoras que possibilitam realizar a leitura do torque, seja através da medição direta da deformação radial, seja através das medições por meio do ângulo de torção. Também são apresentadas, inicialmente, as técnicas convencionais e uma breve construção histórica desses métodos, e por fim os possíveis desdobramentos que as recentes pesquisas possam ter.
Estudo comparativo de técnicas de projeto de desacoplador para sistemas multivariáveis
Authors: Acioli Junior George , Barros Péricles Rezende
Published: January 2016

Considerando o interesse recente em pesquisas sobre controle com desacoplamento para sistemas TITO, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar valorosa revisão bibliográfica sobre esse tópico e associado a isso apresentar estudo comparativo entre algumas das principais técnicas de projeto do desacoplador para sistemas TITO. Nesse contexto, três técnicas de projeto do desacoplador são revisadas e exemplos de simulação são apresentados.
Técnicas de diversidade para enlaces ópticos no espaço livre sujeitos à turbulência atmosférica: Uma perspectiva teórica
Authors: Farias Vanessa Galdino Mendes de , Lins Júnior Paulo Ribeiro , Alencar Marcelo Sampaio de
Published: January 2016

Esse artigo apresenta uma revisão das técnicas de diversidade aplicadas para comunicação óptica no espaço livre  na presença de turbulência. Para isto são revistas as literaturas mais recentes que tratam da utilização do enlace óptico no espaço livre sujeito à turbulência atmosférica em conjunto com técnicas de diversidade espacial, temporal e de comprimento de onda e apresentados os resultados obtidos pelos autores com esses esquemas.
As abelhas Bombus como polinizadores agrícolas: perspectivas do uso de espécies nativas em cultivo protegido no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira M. O.
Published: January 2016

As abelhas Bombus são utilizadas na polinização agrícola em vários países do mundo, contribuindo para o incremento da produtividade de diversas culturas. Porém, a sua importância na agricultura é muito maior quando se trata de cultivo protegido. No Brasil, o uso do cultivo protegido já é bastante difundido, assim, seria muito interessante para uma melhoria na produtividade de nossas culturas, o uso dessas abelhas no interior das casas de vegetação. Entretanto, a importação de espécies exóticas de abelhas, pode trazer severos efeitos negativos e é proibida pela legislação brasileira. Dessa forma, esta revisão bibliográfica se propõe fazer um levantamento das informações sobre a importância dessas abelhas no processo produtivo da agricultura em condições de cultivo protegido e verificar as potencialidades e as  perspectivas do uso de abelhas nativas do gênero Bombus no processo de polinização em cultivo protegido no Brasil.
Incentivo para o plantio de árvores nativas em áreas urbanas para proliferação de abelhas sem ferrão
Authors: Martins G. , Ferraz R. L. S. , Batista J. L. , Barbosa M. A.
Published: January 2016

Em decorrência de atividades antrópicas exploratórias, tem ocorrido aumento na supressão de espécies arbóreas, refletindo na biodiversidade e equilíbrio dos ecossistemas, reduzindo a população de espécies de abelhas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, fazer um levantamento da ocorrência de árvores, nidificações e espécies de abelhas com intuito de incentivar o plantio de espécimes, principalmente nativos, na área urbana, para que ocorra uma maior proliferação das abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo na Praça Dr. Joaquim Batista na cidade de Jaboticabal, SP. Através de consultas em literatura especializada, identificou-se o número de espécies arbóreas e abelhas sem ferrão, o número e altura média de nidificações, além da coleta de sementes para produção de mudas. Foram identificadas 27 espécies de árvores nativas, 14 exóticas, cinco de abelhas sem ferrão, 37 nidificações, com altura média geral de 2,3 m, além da produção de 20 mudas nativas. A elevada ocorrência de nidificações em plantas nativas e a presença de sementes, demonstram a adaptabilidade destes polinizadores, além de subsidiar a viabilidade da proposta de incentivar o plantio de espécimes, principalmente nativas em área urbana para a proliferação das abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. Estudos complementares podem ser realizados visando educação ambiental nestes locais.
Problemas de la extensión rural en América Latina
Authors: Landini Fernando
Published: January 2016

Para contribuir al conocimiento de los problemas que enfrentan los extensionistas rurales en América Latina, se realizó una encuesta de preguntas abiertas a técnicos que trabajan en diez países diferentes. Las preguntas se categorizaron según los principios de la teoría fundamentada. Luego, las diferencias entre las muestras nacionales se estudiaron utilizando chi cuadrado. Se detectaron quince problemas con un promedio destacado de referencias resaltando tres: dificultades con el trabajo grupal/asociativo, uso de tecnologías inapropiadas, y problemas para comercializar. Se concluye que es necesario atenderlos de manera directa, fortalecer la formación de los técnicos, y aportar a la reorganización de las prácticas de extensión con sentido más participativo y horizontal.
Propuesta de cuotas para conservación de un área natural protegida de México
Authors: Almendarez-Hernández Marco Antonio , Sánchez-Brito Ismael , Morales Zárate María Verónica , Salinas Zavala César Augusto
Published: January 2016

La Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra La Laguna (rbsla) es un área natural protegida. Como tal, constituye un instrumento de política ambiental que se deriva de las estrategias nacionales de conservación. Con el afán de mejorar los programas que la atienden, se propone incrementar la recaudación. Los métodos de preferencia pueden utilizarse como instrumento de manejo para controlar la futura demanda turística. Así, la capacidad de carga de esa Reserva no se verá rebasada y se podrá determinar al mismo tiempo una disposición a pagar (dap) adicional. Ésta permitiría mayores fondos que coadyuvarían al cumplimiento de los objetivos de política ambiental. La dap propuesta se estimó con los modelos probit del Método de Valoración Contingente (mvc) y los resultados muestran que la mediana de la dap adicional varía entre 69 y 108 pesos por persona. Asimismo y con la entrada de los individuos a la Reserva, se pueden obtener beneficios adicionales de entre los 26 y 41 millones de pesos.
TRADISI BAHILAH PADA MASYARAKAT BANJAR PAHULUAN
Authors: Abidin Muhammad Zainal
Published: January 2016

Tulisan ini bermaksud mengekplorasi suatu tradisi yang biasa dilakukan dalam masyarakat Banjar Pahuluan dalam upacara kematian, yakni bahilah. Tradisi ini tetap lestari sebagai bagian ritual yang dilakukan pada masyarakat di sana. Fenomena ini unik mengingat bahilah dari sudut pandang mazhab syafiie yang notabene mazhab utama yang diikuti oleh masyarakat di sana adalah sesuatu yang diharamkan. Namun, dengan alasan mazhab Hanafi membolehkan, maka praktek ini kemudian dilestarikan. Fenomena perpindahan mazhab inilah yang kemudian menjadi isu menarik untuk dikupas. Karena ternyata dalam keberagamaan masyarakat Banjar, khususnya di pahuluan relatif ada fleksibilitas ketika berhdapan dengan sesuatu yang mendasar dalam kebudayaan Banjar, yakni penghormatan dan kebaktian terhadap leluhur. Inilah sejatinya ajaran dasar keyakinan lokal yang tetap ada, meski kemudian datang agama-agama luar seperti Hindu, Budha, Kristen, dan Islam.
ILMU, ILMUWAN, DAN ETIKA ILMIAH
Authors: Buseri Kamrani
Published: January 2016

In the process of transferring knowledge from western country, it is inevitable that the pattern of the way of life and habits such as liberalism, hedonism, materialism, empirical and secular attitude was unconsiously adapted. Eventually, science can take man to be more distant from God as a source of spiritual values that is capable of delivering the ultimate goal of human life in the form of peace and harmony. In fact, science has now shifted so that it led to power fight as wellas mastery of the material competition which sometimes violates the social ethics and religion. A scientist is required to realize the negative values that come with science and make a positive factor combined with positive attitude as a beachhead for research in order to achieve the philosophical meaning of science to have a peaceful and prosperous community.
RASIONALITAS PENAFSIRAN IBNU �ATHIYYAH
Authors: Karim Abdullah
Published: January 2016

Borrowing the definition used by Binyamin Abrahamov for discussion of theology: Rationality is treating any issues by using reason, but whitout giving priority reason. Thus, if it is associated with the interpretation means interpreting the Qur'an by using reasoning or ijtihad, but without making it as the main point. The use of reason in addition to a history that is valid in the interpretation of the Qur'an is a necessity. This is caused by the editors who sometimes use the Qur'an itself ambiguous pronunciation (musytarak / ambiguous) meaning there is even the opposite, or use a word with a specific meaning. However, the interpretation of rationality is limited in scope to understand the meaning or spelling or sentence structure verses (read: the discourse of) the Qur'an. Not including the use of analogy in legal dig no texts or texts in the Qur'an.
WARISAN INTELEKTUAL IBNU RUSYD DALAM PEMIKIRAN TEOLOGI ISLAM
Authors: Hadariansyah Hadariansyah
Published: January 2016

The writing was concern on Ibn Rusyds theology thought. This was interesting to be discussed because that Ibn Rusyd was not only a theologian but also a philosopher and jurist of Islam. Based on this fact, then the question arises; first, whether ibn rusyds theology was different from the other figures that only theologians alone. Second, whether his philosophical and jurisprudential view affected his theology thought. The result of this writing showed that Ibn Rusyd had unique theology thought which his philosophical and jurisprudential view affected his theology so that his theology was more rational but it was not too liberal because of his jurisprudential view.
Advisory Councils For Business Colleges: Composition And Utilization
Authors: Ellingson Dee Ann , Elbert Dennis J. , Moser Steven
Published: January 2016

A major challenge facing business colleges is keeping up with the rapid changes in the business world.  Business advisory councils provide an important link between business colleges and the business world.  This study was conducted to gather data on the composition and utilization of these councils.  The results reveal that there is widespread use of advisory councils by business colleges.  The most commonly discussed issues by advisory councils were those dealing with administrative issues and student concerns while faculty issues were the least discussed.  Advisory councils were also perceived as being most effective in addressing administrative and student-related issues.
Corn Era Hybrid Response to Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Woli Krishna P. , Boyer Matthew J. , Elmore Roger W. , Sawyer John E. , Abendroth Lori J. , Barker Daniel W.
Published: January 2016

Corn (Zea mays L.) N use is of continued interest due to agronomic performance and environmental issues. This 2‐yr study evaluated era hybrid response to fertilizer nitrogen (FN) rate in a factorial arrangement of one popular hybrid per five decades (1960–2000 eras) and five N rates (0–224 kg N ha−1). An additional hybrid per era was grown at 168 kg N ha−1. Hybrid productivity and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased across the eras, but not between the 1980 and 1990 eras. Grain yield (GY) increased 65% and total plant biomass 43%, however, total plant nitrogen uptake (PNU) increased only 19% and across N rates was only higher for the 2000 era. At the agronomic optimum nitrogen rate (AONR), there was a linear GY increase of 0.13 Mg ha−1 yr−1 and GY N response of 0.091 Mg ha−1 yr−1, indicating considerable genetic gain. There was no trend in AONR across eras. For plant N status measures, SPAD readings decreased and canopy index values increased across eras. All NUE measures indicated significant improvement in NUE. The apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) at N rates near the AONR of each era, however, was not highest for the most recent eras. Harvest index (HI), grain nitrogen harvest index (GNHI), and fraction of total PNU accumulated by R1 were the same among eras. The grain nitrogen concentration (GNC), however, was 24% lower for the 2000 compared to the 1960 era. Corn hybrid development across the 50‐yr period improved productivity and NUE, but not the AONR.
The Burden of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders in Celiac Disease
Authors: Giovanni Carta Mauro , Conti Alessandra , Lecca Federica , Sancassiani Federica , Cossu Giulia , Carruxi Rossana , Boccone Alessandro , Cadoni Michela , Pisanu Anna , Francesca Moro Maria , Demelia Luigi
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Aims: to measure the
association between Celiac Disease (CD) and affective disorders, particularly
Bipolar Disorder (BD), since it has not been studied yet, and to measure how
much the quality of life (QoL) of a person with CD is affected by comorbidity
with these disorders. Methods: Design: Case-control study. Cases:
60 consecutive patients with CD. Controls: 240 subjects without CD, randomly
selected after sex- and age-matching from a database of an epidemiological
study. Psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-IV carried out by physicians using
structured interview tools (ANTAS-SCID). QoL was measured by means of SF-12.
Results: The lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
was higher in CD than in controls (30.0% vs 8.3%, P<0.0001) as well as
Panic Disorder (PD) (18.3% vs 5.4%, P<0.001) and BD (4.3% vs 0.4%,
P<0.005). Patients with CD show a lower mean score than controls on SF12
(35.8±5.7 vs.
38.2±6.4; p=0.010), but those without comorbidity with MDD, PD and BD do
not. The attributable burden of CD in worsening QoL - when comorbid with these
disorders - was found comparable to that of serious chronic diseases like
Wilson’s Disease, and lower than Multiple Sclerosis only. Conclusion:
MDD, PD and BD are strictly associated with CD. The comorbidity with these
disorders is the key determinant of impaired quality of life in CD. Thus a
preventive action on mood and anxiety disorders in patients suffering from CD is
required. Moreover a screening for CD in people with affective disorders and
showing key symptoms or family history of CD is recommended.
Registration of Sugarbeet Doubled Haploid Line KDH13 with Resistance to Beet Curly Top
Authors: Eujayl Imad , Strausbaugh Carl , Lu Chunsheng
Published: January 2016

KDH13 (Reg. No. GS‐10, PI 663862) is a sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) doubled haploid line released as a genetic stock by USDA‐ARS in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO. KDH13 is resistant to beet curly top (BCT) caused by Beet curly top virus, which is transmitted by the beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus Baker). This line was extracted from the BCT‐resistant parental line C762‐17 (PI 560130) that segregates for BCT resistance and genetic male sterility. Intensive phenotypic screening was used to select plants from C762‐17 that showed no BCT symptoms under controlled infection conditions in the greenhouse. Seed from a single plant was used as a donor of floral buds for isolation of unfertilized ovaries to regenerate KDH13 via gynogenesis. It was confirmed a diploid by flow cytometry. This line's genome was sequenced via next‐generation sequencing, and its assembly was designated BvvSeq‐1. Homozygosity of KHD13 was confirmed using single nucleotide polymorphisms. It is monogerm and self‐fertile, and it requires at least 90 d of vernalization to induce bolting. KDH13 showed no BCT symptoms in the greenhouse and showed better resistance than commercial checks field screening experiments. In crosses with a BCT‐susceptible line, KDH13 demonstrated its suitability as a donor parent for introduction of curly top resistance genes.
Assessment of soil and water quality of Barapukuria coal mining site, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: Fardushe Rowshon Shad , Hoque Md Mahbubul , Roy Shimul
Published: January 2016

From the field observation it is apparent that the color of coal leached drainage water and the agricultural land water are blackish and slightly blackish respectively, which pollutes surface water and the agricultural land. The study showed the present status of the water quality through analyzing different parameters including color, temperature, pH, EC, DO, TDS, BOD, COD, Cl-, Cu, Zn and Fe as well as the status of soil quality where pH, OC, PO4 -, Cu, Cr and Zn were analyzed. All the water quality parameters (e.g. temperature, pH, EC, TDS, DO, and BOD) were within normal levels but the value of COD was higher, which affects the aquatic environment. The concentration of heavy metals in water varied with Zn > Cu > Cr and in soil the concentration varied with Cu > Cr > Zn.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 63-73, June-2014
Shoreline changes along the Kutubdia Island, south east Bangladesh using digital shoreline analysis system
Authors: Islam Md Ashraful , Hossain Md Shakhawat , Hasan Tanzeer , Murshed Sanzida
Published: January 2016

A ~65 km coastal stretch has been analyzed to estimate the change dynamics of Kutubdia Island with the help of digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS). This study investigated the reliability of medium resolution satellite imagery for mapping shoreline positions and for estimating historic rates of changes. Nine shoreline positions were extracted on 1972, 1976, 1980, 1989, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2011 and 2014 covering a long term of 42 years period. Rates of shoreline changes were estimated by four statistical methods namely, end point rate (EPR), linear regression rate (LRR), weighted linear regression (WLR) and least median of squares (LMS) by using DSAS and subsequently all the methods were verified with the correlation coefficient (R).The scrutiny of shoreline changes shows that the erosion during the last 42 years has affected the island, with some exception, at the north and west segment where minor accretion has been documented. The average rates of changes estimated for north, south, east and west segment using WLR, LMS, EPR and LRR are Ñ4.0 m/yr, Ñ33.7 m/yr Ñ2.6 m/yr and Ñ5.6 m/yr, respectively. The outcome of this particular analysis might be useful for proper planning and management of Kutubida Island. However, this may also be used in statistical modeling for forecasting the future shoreline position.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 99-108, June-2014
Jordan higher derivations in prime ?-rings
Authors: Rahman MM , Paul AC
Published: January 2016

The objective of this paper is to study Jordan higher derivations in prime ? -rings. We introduce a higher derivation and a Jordan higher derivation in ? -rings. For a 2-torsion free prime ? -ring M which satisfies the condition a?b?c = a?b?c for all a,b, c?M and ? ,? ?? , we prove that every Jordan higher derivation D = (di)i?N0 of M is a higher derivation of M Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(2): 155-163, December-2014
Effects of biochar on the fate of the heavy metals Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil
Authors: Khan KT , Chowdhury MTA , Huq SM Imamul
Published: January 2016

An in vitro incubation study was conducted with soil having seven applications of different treatments of biomass and biochar including a control. The biochar and biomasses were applied at a rate of 5 t ha-1 and incubated at field moisture condition for 30, 60 and 90 days individually in different pots. 0.005M DTPA and 1M HCl extractable cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) contents were determined at 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation. The phytoavailable fraction of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn as extracted with the 0.005M DTPA revealed that biochar did not retain any substantial amount of any of these metals. 1M HCl extracted higher amounts of heavy metals than 0.005M DTPA. Neither biochar nor its source biomass had any sorptive effect on the labile fraction of Pb and Cd present in soil. 1M HCl extracted not only a portion of these metals from the soils but also that present in the biochar and biomass. The general idea that biochars are able to complex metal ions on their surfaces and therefore, reduce bioavailability, however, was not reflected in the present study.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 17-26, June-2015
Investigation of water quality from the Brahmaputra river in Sherpur district
Authors: Islam MS , Datta T , Ema IJ , Kabir MH , Meghla NT
Published: January 2016

The study was conducted to determine the status of physico-chemical parameters of the Brahmaputra river water in Sherpur district and also to assess the monthly variation of the river water. To perform the study the samples were collected from five different stations during the period of December 2013 to May 2014. Various water quality parameters such as transparency, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), hardness and alkalinity were examined. The study revealed that a slightly variation in water quality at different stations of the river. The mean value of transparency (42.21 cm), temperature (23.38oC), EC (351.12 ?s/cm), TDS (178.54 mg/l), pH (7.75), DO (4.47 mg/l), BOD (1.02 mg/l), hardness (82.36 mg/l) and alkalinity (98.63 mg/l) showed that the present status of the Brahmaputra river water is suitable for all aquatic lives, domestic and agricultural uses. Although the overall status of the river water quality is suitable, degradation was detected in few points which might be due to anthropogenic activities, especially the direct discharge of domestic effluents into river. Thus, necessary initiatives should be taken against such anthropogenic activities to maintain the overall water quality of the Brahmaputra river for its sustainable use.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 35-41, June-2015