bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ СУЧАСНОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ГРОШОВО-КРЕДИТНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ НА КРЕДИТНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ БАНКІВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Яковлев Владислав , Ткаченко Марина
Published: November 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню впливу сучасної державної грошово-кредитної політики на кредитний потенціал банків в Україні. У контексті економічної нестабільності, інфляційних процесів та коливань валютного курсу аналізуються основні чинники, що формують кредитування в банківському секторі. Розглянуто роль облікової ставки, регуляторних вимог та стану золотовалютних резервів у формуванні доступності кредитів для населення і бізнесу. Вивчено вплив тіньової економіки на ризики кредитування та ефективність монетарної політики. Запропоновано рекомендації щодо оптимізації грошово-кредитної політики з метою підвищення кредитного потенціалу банківської системи, що має забезпечити стабільність фінансового сектору та сприяти економічному розвитку країни. Результати дослідження можуть стати основою для подальших наукових розробок у цій сфері.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN E-BUSINESS BASED ON BOX'S ROTATABLE DESIGNS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pylypenko Iov , Kniaz Sviatoslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2024

It is demonstrated in the article that the application of Box’s rotatable designs for forming and developing an innovation management system in e-business is an effective approach, optimizing processes and enhancing their efficiency. The expansion of the number of factors and levels in the model – particularly by including three levels (low,
medium, high) for each factor – enables more accurate assessment of nonlinear effects. This ensures the consideration of both linear and nonlinear interactions, which increases the model's precision. Additionally, it is justified that
the inclusion of higher-order interactions, including cubic terms, allows the model to reflect complex interactions
among factors. This is particularly crucial for innovation management systems, where factor interactions can have
a significant impact on the final outcomes. The use of regularization methods, such as Ridge and Lasso regression,
helps to prevent model overfitting and enhances its robustness to data changes, thereby improving its generalization
capabilities. It is also proven that incorporating additional factors, such as social and economic influences, accounts
for a wider range of aspects affecting innovation levels. This makes the model more comprehensive and accurate,
providing a more realistic assessment of the impact of various conditions on innovation. The integration of new
factors and regularization methods contributes to building a more precise and reliable model for innovation management in e-business. The article argues that the new model for forming and developing an innovation management
system in e-business is superior to the baseline model. It includes more levels for each factor, considers higher-order
interactions, and uses regularization methods, ensuring its accuracy and flexibility. This makes the new model more
suitable for predicting and managing innovations in e-business compared to the baseline model. Thus, the new
model proves more effective for forecasting and managing innovations in e-business, providing higher accuracy,
flexibility, and generalizability of results. This is supported by high determination coefficient values and acceptable
F-test significance levels. The inclusion of additional factors, consideration of nonlinear effects, and use of regularization methods make the new model better suited for analyzing and managing innovation processes in e-business.
ДЕРЖАВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Могилевська Ольга , Павловський Сергій , Кобєлєв Володимир , Строкач Михайло , Єгіазарян Геворк
Published: November 2024

У статті автори розглядають особливості державного управління розвитком вітчизняної освіти в контексті цифровізації економіки, оцінюють світовий досвід реалізації державної політики у сфері освіти в умовах діджиталізації, що дозволяє визначити ключові напрямки адаптації цього досвіду в Україні. Зокрема, це стосується зміцнення конкурентних позицій закладів освіти, здатних диференціювати джерела фінансування та ефективно перерозподіляти ресурси, впровадження цифрових технологій, а також підвищення управлінської ефективності та якості ресурсного забезпечення. Автори також окреслюють напрями та переваги впровадження цифрової технології Blockchain у механізми реалізації державної політики розвитку освіти в умовах діджиталізації. Вони надають рекомендації щодо удосконалення механізмів реалізації цієї політики, акцентуючи увагу на підтримці інновацій у сфері цифрових трансформацій, розвитку державно-приватного партнерства та сприянні використання ефективних діджитал-технологій на всіх рівнях управління. Пропонується створення цифрової платформи для ефективної реалізації зазначених механізмів, що має включати набір актуальних фахових компетенцій, як hard skills, так і soft skills. Також автори окреслюють модель реалізації державної політики розвитку освіти в Україні на основі діджиталізації, яка включає інтелектуально-трудову, інформаційну, науково-інноваційну, матеріальну, організаційно-економічну та маркетингову складові. Визначені цільові орієнтири цієї моделі мають випереджаючий характер стосовно соціальних змін, з акцентом на людиноцентричний підхід, врахування соціально-економічних інтересів суспільства, високу продуктивність праці, розвиток креативного потенціалу, інноваційне мислення, а також розширення дистанційного навчання з використанням віртуальних форм занять та тестових режимів перевірки знань. Зберігається інституційна основа організації освітнього процесу, при цьому допускається впровадження інформаційних технологій.
ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЇ МОТИВУ КВІТІВ НА ПІДВІКОННІ В Ж ИВОПИСІ ТЕТЯНИ ЯБЛОНСЬКОЇ 1945–2000 РОКІВ: ТРАДИЦІЇ ТА НОВАТОРСТВО
Authors: Москвітін Роман Володимирович
Published: November 2024

У статті висвітлено результати дослідження інтерпретацій мотиву квітів на підвіконні в живописі видатної української художниці Тетяни Яблонської (1917–2005), творчість якої посідає виняткове місце в історії українського мистецтва другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ ст. У статті аналізуються використання мисткинею елементів образно-пластичної мови живопису, за допомогою яких вона знаходила вирішення в композиції, колірних і тональних співвідношень. Метою даного дослідження є виявлення особливостей стилістичних трансформацій художньої мови живопису Т. Яблонської на прикладі аналізу трактування мисткинею зазначеного мотиву у творах 1945–2000 років. Розв’язання поставленої мети дослідження обумовило комплексне застосування наукової методології, зокрема – іконографічного методу, порівняльного, художньо-стилістичного аналізу. Інтерпретаціям мотиву квітів на підвіконні належало особливе місце в живописі Т. Яблонської впродовж десятиліть її довгого творчого шляху. Розмаїття варіацій зображення цього мотиву в живописі є оригінальним явищем творчої спадщини мисткині. У численних картинах Т. Яблонської художня інтерпретація мотиву квітів на підвіконні є вираженням багатогранності проявів краси й поезії повсякденного життя. В трактуванні зазначеного мотиву в живописі мисткині простежується розмаїття художньої взаємодії різних чинників: традиції та новаторства, своєрідність авторської манери, реалістичність зображення та використання методів декоративної стилізації, наслідування мистецьким ідеям французького імпресіонізму. Наукова новизна статті полягає в аналізі стилістичних трансформацій та особливостей еволюції образно-пластичної мови живопису Т. Яблонської на прикладі інтерпретацій мотиву квітів на підвіконні, створених нею впродовж 1945–2000 років. Виокремлено та конкретизовано оновлення мисткинею художньо-виражальних засобів живопису. Простежено її особливу увагу до світла і кольору в організації живописного середовища полотен. Аналіз особливостей інтерпретацій мотиву квітів на підвіконні у творчості Т. Яблонської сформував нові грані розуміння своєрідності етапів трансформації образно-пластичної мови її живопису.
Kako Isus definira učenika u odlomku o Velikom poslanju?
Authors: Ogden Greg
Published: November 2024

Svaka konferencija o učeništvu mora biti ukorijenjena u biblijskoj definiciji pojma „učenik“. Kada Isus zapovijeda da „činimo učenike“, koga ili što točno stvaramo? Kako izgleda učenik? Ne treba tražiti dalje od definicije koja je sadržana u izvornom Isusovu nalogu koji je poznat kao Veliko poslanje (Mt 28,16-20). Postoji jasno određena struktura ovoga teksta kojom se iskazuju osnovne karakteristike učenika: tekst sadrži jedan imperativ, „činite učenike“, no ono što se često previđa jest to da se ova glavna zapovijed dodatno pojašnjava trima participima: „idući“, „krsteći“ i „učeći“. U ovome slučaju participi su glagolski prilozi s nastavkom „–ći“ koji govore o naravi učenika. U ovom će se izlaganju usporediti popularno razumijevanje toga što znači biti kršćanin s biblijskom definicijom pojma „učenik“. Kršćani, kako se uobičajeno razumije, oni su koji su povjerovali Kristu radi svog spasenja i vjeruju da će biti s Isusom kada umru. Drugim riječima, na taj je način možda nesvjesno rečeno: „Možete biti kršćanin, a da ne budete učenik.“ „Evanđelje“ koje je naviješteno izravno je dovelo do evanđelja koje se svodi samo na oprost grijeha tj. na „evanđelje oprosta“. Bill Hull i Ben Sobels iznose dvije istine: 1. Ne možete stvoriti učenika sličnog Kristu na temelju evanđelja koje ne sadrži učeništvo. 2. Evanđelje koje propovijedate određuje učenike koje ćete stvoriti. Nasuprot tome, bit će istaknuto da tri opisna participa, „idući“, „krsteći“ i „učeći“, kada se detaljnije razmotre, u sebi sadrže Isusovu definiciju učenika. To je potvrđeno porukom evanđelja koje je Isus propovijedao na početku svoje službe: „A pošto Ivan bijaše predan, dođe Isus u Galileju propovijedajući evanđelje Božje i govoreći: ‘Ispunilo se vrijeme i približilo se kraljevstvo Božje. Pokajte se i vjerujte u evanđelje!’“ (Mk 1,14-15).
Suprotni vjetrovi pušu u pramac kršćanskoga visokog obrazovanja
Authors: Allen Dennis
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the challenges facing Christian higher education institutions, focusing on trends and “headwinds” that threaten operational viability. These institutions are argued to be at risk due to a loss of mission, rooted in a broader cultural shift away from biblical Christian discipleship. The paper uses a Wall Street-style risk assessment to categorize institutions into four quadrants based on headcount and investment: Thriving, Hoping, Inertia, and Struggling. The analysis reveals that a significant majority of Christian schools fall into the Struggling or Hoping categories, suggesting potential long-term viability issues. The paper suggests that the root cause of these challenges is not in attempting or failing to compete with secular schools, but rather, the neglect of discipleship as taught by Christ, predominantly in churches, thence passed along as under-discipled rising students. The paper proposes a return to “Empyreal Discipleship,” emphasizing the importance of faculty members as visible disciple-makers. By focusing on discipleship, Christian educational institutions can regain their competitive advantage and fulfill their mission of creating educated disciples. The paper concludes that the path forward involves prioritizing discipleship over mere education to navigate the social headwinds facing Christian higher education.
Slijediti Isusa u brizi za stvorenje
Authors: Kovačević David
Published: November 2024

The central question of this article is why Jesus chose to enter Jerusalem on an animal, namely, a donkey, and what this reveals about his relationship with creation. The author’s primary contribution lies in exploring care for God’s creation through a Christological perspective, specifically by analyzing the biblical passage in Matthew 21:1-11. This analysis demonstrates how, through the donkey, Jesus reveals his royal identity and humble character while calling for change, imitation, and a different eschatological future. Together, these elements indicate that Jesus uses the animal world to express his identity and attributes, as well as to communicate the nature of the future world he invites his followers to. As a humble king, Jesus’ mission is to restore order to all things and to guide his fallen creation toward a “new creation,” where peace between man, God, and the rest of creation will be fully realized. Employing a “method of recovery” or re-reading the biblical text from an ecologically conscious perspective, the author examines the meaning of relevant Old Testament passages.
Analysis of Translation Strategies for Culturally Charged Terms in the French Version of Red Sorghum Clan
Authors: LIANG Yuying
Published: November 2024

Mo Yan's Red Sorghum Clan is known for its unique style of language, in which a large number of words are loaded with cultural meaning. During the translation process, how to accurately convey the unique cultural information of the original text to the reader is a difficult task that translators often encounter. Based on Eugene Nida's method, this article will classify culturally loaded terms and then discover the translation strategies that two translators (Sylvie Gentil and Pascale Guinot) have used, with the aim of providing a reference for translators in translating Chinese literature and better promoting the dissemination of Chinese literary works.
Gendered Hate: How Affective Language Shapes Hate Speech Against Women
Authors: Harsiwi Windy , Rezki Fatimah  , Fitri Alfarisy
Published: November 2024

The intersection of affective language and gendered hate speech presents a significant challenge in today's digital environment, particularly for women. This article explores how emotionally charged language not only intensifies the harm of hate speech but also perpetuates harmful stereotypes, normalizes misogyny, and causes profound emotional distress to victims. The method employed is the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The data analysis focused on exploring any links between the Internet, Social Networking Sites (SNS), online hate speech, and gendered hate. The findings emphasize the urgent need for a multifaceted approach to combat gendered hate speech, which includes raising awareness, fostering critical media literacy, and advocating for policy reforms. By promoting emotional intelligence and media literacy, individuals can be empowered to recognize and challenge harmful speech, while social media platforms must take greater responsibility for moderating harmful content and preventing the algorithmic amplification of hate. The creation of a culture that respects and uplifts women demands collective action, including the promotion of positive, empowering language. Through education, advocacy, and community engagement, it is possible to build a more inclusive and respectful digital space, free from the pervasive effects of gendered hate speech, and pave the way for a future in which all individuals are treated with dignity and respect.
“Who the Hell are You?”: Language Styles and Politeness in the Film Enola Holmes
Authors: Hartika Devi Putri , Ardianto Ardik
Published: November 2024

Language is a human communication tool consisting of words, grouping of words, phrases, and sentences, used in both spoken and written forms. Language, in sociolinguistics, serves as a means of representing social status and plays a crucial role in defining a society’s cultural identity. Language style refers to the way individuals adjust their language as per the situation, the person engaged, and the topic of conversation, otherwise known as cultural and situational contexts. This research aims to identify the language styles used in the film Enola Holmes and explore the elements influencing the language style used by characters in the film. This study employed a qualitative methodology incorporating Martin Joos’s theory to examine various language styles and Brown and Levinson’s theory to identify the determinants of language style selection. Based on the findings, the predominant language style used was casual (64.4%), followed by consultative (21.6%), intimate (11.2%), and formal (2.4%). It concluded that language styles are influenced by various events and personal factors. Formal language helps establish boundaries among interlocutors, allowing individuals to enhance their likability and social image using positive face strategies whereas informal language, viz. casual, consultative, and intimate styles, is used to communicate with friends or family members in casual, everyday situations.
Perbandingan Usability Aplikasi Transportasi Online Berdasarkan User Experience Menggunakan Metode Usability Testing
Authors: Fauzi Rahmad , Megawati  , Angraini  , Ahsyar Tengku Khairil
Published: November 2024

Transportasi online merupakan salah satu perkembangan layanan terkini. Dengan tingginya mobilitas penduduk di Indonesia membuat perusahaan transportasi online berlomba memberikan jenis layanan yang sama sehingga menimbulkan persaingan antar perusahaan transportasi online seperti Gojek dan Maxim. Para pengguna mengeluhkan bahwa peta aplikasi tidak diperbarui dan terkadang mengalami kesalahan sistem. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode usability testing sebagai pengukuran user experience. Usability Testing merupakan metode mengukur efisiensi, kemudahan dipelajari, dan kemampuan untuk mengingat bagaimana berinteraksi tanpa kesulitan atau kesalahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan usability testing pada aplikasi Gojek & Maxim berdasarkan pengalaman pengguna. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kedua aplikasi  variabel Efficiency, Memorability, Satisfaction mendapatkan nilai rata-rata diatas 3,00 yang tergolong kategori tinggi, sedangkan variabel Errors aplikasi maxim memiliki perbedaan signifikan dengan nilai 2,85 kategori sedang. Secara keseluruhan terdapat perbedaan usability testing pada aplikasi Gojek dan Maxim berdasarkan pengalaman pengguna di wilayah Kota Pekanbaru.
Advancing Production Management through Industry 4.0 Technologies
Authors: Chen Shih-Chih , Yati Istiqomah , Beldiq Eiser Aaron
Published: November 2024

The development of Industry 4.0 technologies has brought significant changes to various sectors, including production management. In increasingly complex production environments, the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data analytics has become crucial for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of production pro- cesses. This study aims to explore how Industry 4.0 technologies can be applied in production management to optimize operational performance and reduce re- source wastage. The research employs a quantitative approach with data analysis obtained from case studies of manufacturing companies that have implemented Industry 4.0 technologies. Data collection was conducted through surveys and interviews with production managers, along with the analysis of operational per- formance reports. The results indicate that the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies significantly improves production efficiency, accelerates response times to market demand changes, and reduces operational costs. These findings suggest that integrating Industry 4.0 technologies into production management can be an effective strategy for addressing the challenges of global competi- tion and changing market dynamics. This research contributes to the production management literature by offering insights into the positive impact of adopting Industry 4.0 technologies in operational contexts. The results are expected to serve as a reference for practitioners in developing more adaptive and innovative production strategies in the digital era.
Organizational and economic security of enterprise management based on strategic function parity
Authors: Us Yu V. , Terletskyi I. O
Published: November 2024

Methods. The methodological basis of the research is: classification – when dividing the components of the organizational and economic support of enterprise management into economic and organizational ones; functional analysis – when establishing the role of strategic parity of the management function; analysis and synthesis – in the study of modern models of development of organizational and economic support of enterprise management based on strategic parity of function and determination of their advantages and disadvantages. Results. The article is aimed at substantiating the importance of a strategic approach and organizational and economic support in the management of modern enterprises, as well as at analyzing the role of strategic parity of functions and methods of its implementation using innovative technologies and digital tools. The article outlines the components of the enterprise's organizational and economic support, which are conventionally divided into two components: the first, organizational, which includes the distribution of duties, responsibilities and powers among the personnel and divisions of the enterprise, and the second, economic, which includes resource management, control and analysis of economic efficiency of the business entity. The methods and tools for ensuring parity in management have been studied, among which the optimization of resource potential, the matrix of responsibility, the formation of cross-functional teams and the analysis of the value creation chain have been highlighted. It has been demonstrated that it is expedient for modern enterprises to integrate their functions while maintaining flexibility in management. The specified process requires a strategic approach, effective organizational and economic support and the use of advanced technologies, which will allow creating conditions for sustainable development and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in the conditions of the variability of the market environment. Novelty. The models of organizational and economic management of the enterprise based on the strategic parity of the function are analyzed, their functional, divisional, matrix and flexible varieties are distinguished. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the models are determined. It has been proven that one of the key factors in ensuring the strategic parity of the function is digitalization, in particular, the implementation of artificial intelligence and big data analytics. Practical value. In the conditions of the modern economy, the organizational and economic support of the enterprise management process based on strategic parity of function becomes critically important and allows not only to adapt to rapidly changing external conditions, but also to proactively influence them, creating sustainable competitive advantages for enterprises. Effective strategic management contributes to the achievement of long-term goals and sustainable development of the enterprise.
“Be Smart, and Age Won't Matter”
Authors: D. Vasilenko , I. Mironova
Published: November 2024

Conferences, in the most general sense, are needed for knowledge exchange, networking, professional development, staying updated, testing your research and receiving feedback from peers, as well as inspiration. Of course, all of this is relevant for conferences in the field of energy research as well. In addition, a conference is a platform for dialogue for various participants of the energy markets, and it is extremely important to preserve dialogue when all channels of communication between Russia and the West are being cut off. We usually imagine a conference as a flow of speakers and topics, but behind every conference there is an idea, a history and people. Today, we will discuss the idea, history and people behind the “Energetika XXI” conference with its organiser and founder Dmitry Vasilenko. Dmitry is the Vice-Rector at the Saint Petersburg State University of Economics (UNECON). The interview was held by Irina Mironova.

Конференции в самом общем смысле нужны для того, чтобы обмениваться знаниями, расширять сеть знакомств, развиваться профессионально, вдохновляться. Конференции, в том числе и конференции в сфере энергетических исследований, помогают нам оставаться в курсе событий, тестировать результаты своих исследований и получать обратную связь от коллег. Кроме того, конференция – это площадка для диалога между участниками энергетических рынков. Сегодня, когда все каналы коммуникации между Россией и Западом практически перекрыты, крайне важно сохранять оставшиеся возможности для диалога. Конференция «Энергетика XXI» – пример такой возможности. Обычно мы представляем себе конференцию как некий набор спикеров и тем, но важно помнить, что за каждой конференцией стоят люди, идеи и история. Вот об этом мы и поговорили с организатором и основателем «Энергетики» Дмитрием Василенко, проректором Санкт-Петербургского государственного экономического университета. Интервью провела Ирина Миронова.
On the Path to COP29: Issues with Critical Energy Transition Minerals
Authors: L. Yaroshenko
Published: November 2024

Delivering the decarbonisation needed for the Paris Agreement depends not only on easy access to technologies but also on the availability of the necessary resources for a green transition. At COP28, UN Secretary-General António Guterres underlined that “the extraction of critical minerals for the clean energy revolution – from wind farms to solar panels and battery manufacturing – must be done in a sustainable, fair and just way.” The UN Chief proposed the Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals for the first time in the history of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to discuss and set up common and voluntary guiding principles for extractive industries. This viewpoint examines how the theme – “global guidance to manage the critical resources for energy in a sustainable, fair and just way” – will evolve under the auspices of COP29 Presidency. What are the positions of the industrialised countries on ensuring a sustainable supply of critical minerals for the low-carbon energy transition ahead of COP29? Why and to what degree might those positions be different from developing countries and where do they coincide? How might those differences and commonalities influence the outcomes of COP29?

Обеспечение декарбонизации, необходимой для реализации Парижского соглашения, зависит не только от доступа к технологиям, но и от наличия необходимых ресурсов для перехода к «зелёной» экономике. На COP28 Генеральный секретарь ООН Антониу Гутерриш подчеркнул, что «добыча критически важных минералов для революции в области чистой энергии — для ветряных электростанций, солнечных панелей и аккумуляторов — должна осуществляться устойчивым и справедливым образом». Глава ООН впервые в истории Конференции сторон (COP) Рамочной конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций об изменении климата предложил создание Группы экспертов по критически важным для энергетического перехода минералам с целью обсуждения и разработки универсальных и добровольных руководящих принципов для добывающих отраслей. В настоящей статье рассматривается, как данная тема – «глобальное руководство по управлению критически важными ресурсами для энергетики устойчивым и справедливым образом» – будет развиваться под эгидой COP29. Каковы позиции промышленно развитых стран по обеспечению устойчивых поставок критически важных минералов для перехода к низкоуглеродной энергетике в преддверии COP29? Почему и в какой степени эти позиции могут отличаться от позиций развивающихся стран и где они совпадают? Как эти различия и сходства могут повлиять на результаты COP29?
“Bringing the Young Generation Together in Central Asia”: The OSCE Academy in Bishkek
Authors: P. Dunay , I. Mironova
Published: November 2024

The OSCE Academy, established in 2002 in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, stands as a unique regional initiative. It marked the first time the OSCE partnered with a participating state to create a training institution. As of 2024, the Academy boasts over 650 alumni working across various sectors both within Central Asia and beyond. In this interview with the Academy’s Interim Director, Pal Dunay, we explore the origins of the OSCE Academy, the evolution of its curriculum, and the challenges it currently faces. We also reflect on the vital role of education in promoting regional development.

Академия ОБСЕ была основана в 2002 году в Бишкеке (Кыргызстан) и стала уникальной региональной инициативой. ОБСЕ впервые создала учебное заведение в сотрудничестве с государством-участником. К 2024 году более 650 выпускников Академии работают в различных секторах как в Центральной Азии, так и за её пределами. Пал Дунай, временный директор Академии, рассказал в интервью об истории создания Академии ОБСЕ, развитии её учебных программ и текущих вызовах. Мы также обсудили важную роль образования в развитии региона.
Varied Reproductive Histories of Ethnically Tibetan Women
Authors: Sarna Kaylee , Cioffi Gino , Craig Sienna , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill , Basnyat Buddha , Beall Cynthia
Published: November 2024

Background: The U.N. health and well-being goals for 2030 focus on maternal and child health outcomes, among others. Challenges to meeting those goals vary widely throughout Nepal owing to the range of sociocultural factors, infrastructural limitations, physical geography and altitudes. This article explores sociocultural and biological influences on fertility and child survival among ethnically Tibetan women in Nepal.Methods: This is a cross sectional study of 430 women, age 46-86 years old, citizens of Nepal and native residents above 3500m in Mustang District, who provided interview and physiological data. Univariate Poisson regression analyses selected significant variables to include in multivariate Poisson regressions investigating the number of pregnancies, livebirths, child survival and death outcomes. Results: Earlier age at first pregnancy, later age at last pregnancy, and miscarriages associated with more pregnancies. Miscarriages and stillbirths associated with fewer livebirths. Higher maternal BMI and FEV6 associated with fewer children dying before age 15. Marital characteristics (status, type, continuity), contraceptive use, relative wealth, and education influenced these covariates.Conclusions: Low maternal pulmonary function and nutritional status predict poorer child survival in Upper Mustang. Addressing poor lung function and nutrition may improve reproductive outcomes among ethnically Tibetan women living at high altitude. Keywords: Child survival; fertility; high-altitude; Nepal; women
Higher Rate of Extreme Drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections among Cardiac Patients
Authors: Paudel Subash , Shah Pradeep Kumar , Adhikari Prashanna , Singh K. C. Sanjay , Thapa Shrestha Upendra
Published: November 2024

Background: The accelerating rate of carbapenems resistance in Klebseilla pneumoniae isolates has put the treatment option worrisome. The effective strategy to ameliorate this alarming situation is possible through enhancing the combination therapy and appropriate laboratory diagnosis. Hence, the study was focused on identifying carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and their antibiogram pattern. Methods: A total of 944 clinical samples from patients attending Sahid Gangalal National Heart Center were processed from September 2019 to March 2020 to identify the possible bacterial pathogens following the standard microbiological procedures. K. pneumonaie isolates were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Phenotypic confirmation of carbapenemase production was done by the modified carbapenemase inactivation method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of colistin was determined by the broth microdilution method. Results: Of the total 944 samples, 15.47% (146) samples showed bacterial growth, among which 23.97% (35) were K. pneumoniae. Out of 35 K. pneumoniae isolates, 45.71% (16) were multidrug-resistant followed by 42.86% (15) extensively drug-resistant. Fourteen isolates of K. pneumoniae were carbapenemase producers among which 20% (7) were serine carbapenemase while 20% (7) showed metallo-?-lactamase production. All the carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to colistin with <0.125µg/ml. Carbapenemase activity showed statistically significant with multidrug resistance (p=<0.05). Conclusions: An increasing resistance to the carbapenem drugs showed a great problem in the management of K. pneumoniae infections among immunocompromised patients especially cardiac patients however, colistin can be still an ultimate choice of drug for disease management. Keywords: Broth microdilution; carbapenemase; colistin; extreme drug-resistant; klebsiella pneumonia.
Anxiety, Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among the Nepalese Nurses Working around the World During a Corona Virus Disease -19 Outbreak
Authors: Shrestha Sandhya , Tuladhar Jyoti Badan , Silwal Muna , Shrestha Sony
Published: November 2024

Background: Nurses are the frontline health professional of healthcare delivery system prone to have psychosocial problems. This study aimed to explore anxiety, stress and coping strategies among the Nepalese Nurses working around the World during a corona virus disease -19 Outbreak.Methods: A web based cross sectional study was conducted for a period of three month among 240 nurses from Nepal and working abroad. They were invited to participate via various web based networks. Anxiety Self rating scale, perceived stress Scale and coping strategies were used for data collection. Chisquare, spearman rho and Manwhitnney was used for data analysis.Results: More than half 58.8% were <30 years of age,mean age was 31±7.29 ,range was 20-56 years.Only17.5%were having Mild to Extreme Anxiety and, 62.5% Nepalese nurses were having stress. Regarding coping strategies mean score is higher in positive reframing followed by acceptance.There was significant association between stress and demographic variables marital status and country.Nepalese Nurses working in Nepal were having more anxiety and stress mean score than Nepalese nurses working abroad.Conclusions: Nepalese nurses working in Nepal were having more anxiety and stress mean score than Nepalese nurses working in abroad. Mean score of coping strategies was higher in avoidant coping (Maladaptive coping) in nurses working in Nepal whereas mean score is higher in Approach coping (Adaptive coping) in Nepalese nurses working abroad.Keywords: Anxiety; coping; corona virus disease-19; nurses; stress
Perception Regarding Tooth Carving Using wax Block among the Dental Practitioners
Authors: Lamichhane Ram Sudhan , Chaulagain Rajib , Pradhan Amita , Khadka Suman
Published: November 2024

Background: The various pedagogical methods applied for teaching dental anatomy to dental students includes lectures, analysis of extracted natural teeth and carving of wax blocks to accurately replicate the morphology of teeth. The thorough knowledge of dental morphology is indispensable for a successful dental practice. This study was thus aimed to assess the perceived relevance of tooth carving using wax block among the dental practitioners.Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed with the objective of involving dental practitioners working in Kathmandu. Self-administered questionnaires were used for the data collection. The results were later analyzed for descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16 software.Results: About 232 (98.3%) participants practiced tooth carving using wax block to study dental anatomy. More than 96% of the participants agreed that tooth carving exercises have helped them better understand tooth morphology and more than 85% feel that their manual dexterity was developed by these exercises. A total of 223 (94.5%) were of the opinion that tooth carving should be continued in the BDS preclinical curriculum.Conclusions: The dental wax carving is an effective pedagogical strategy to develop manual dexterity of dental students by recreating tooth morphological features using a wax block, thereby achieving the mandatory psychomotor skills. Keywords: Dental students; dental specialities; questionnaires survey
Profiling the Cytopathological Diagnosis of Enlarged Lymph Nodes on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Authors: Shrestha Sujan , Khadka Dinesh , Bhandari Thapa Anuja , Shrestha Kshitiz
Published: November 2024

Background: This study aimed to assess the distribution of fine-needle-aspiration-cytology or biopsy findings through cytopathological patterns of lymph nodes aspirations in different age groups of the population visiting a tertiary level hospital in Kathmandu.Methods: The retrospective study was conducted on the database of the 226 lymphadenopathy cases that underwent biopsy fine needle aspiration cytology from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019 at the Department of pathology of Helping Hand’s Community Hospital, Kathmandu. A descriptive analysis was performed yielding proportions and counts for the quantitative variables. Chi-squared test was used to compare the proportions.  Point estimates and confidence intervals for measures of association were assessed with 95% confidence interval and p-value ?0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The 20-40 years were the most common age group undergoing biopsy fone needle aspiration cytology procedures. Males recorded majority of cases (68%, 153 of 226). The highest incidence of Reactive lymphadenitis was obtained (50%, 113 of 226) and it was the most common findings in the age group of <20 and 40-60 years. The Cervical lymph node (86%) was the most common anatomical location followed by axillary lymph nodes (8%). Squamous cell carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma accounted for more than half (53%, 20 of 38) of all the diagnosed malignancy. The incidence of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma were 8% (n = 3 of 38) and 5% (n = 2 of 38) respectively.Conclusions: Lymph node enlargement is associated with a wide range of etiologies with Reactive lymphadenitis as the most common cause and cervical lymph node as the common site.Keywords: Cytopathology; fine needle aspiration cytology; lymph node.
The Risk Factors of Cerebral Palsy among the Children Attending a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Mishra Tulashi Adhikari , Shrestha Sarala , Prajapati Manandhar Bina , Sharma Pratima
Published: November 2024

Background: Cerebral Palsy is a disorder of movement and posture caused by nonprogressive abnormal brain function. It is a lifelong condition and one of the most common causes of physical disability in children. The objective of this study was to find out the risk factors associated with cerebral palsy among children.Methods: A case control study was carried out among 330 children where cases and controls were taken in the ratio of 1:2. Cases included children diagnosed with cerebral palsy and attending neurological out-patient department of a Children’s Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal and control included children not having cerebral palsy and attending medical out-patient department of the same hospital for other medical problems. The data were collected from November 29, 2017 to May 20, 2018 by using a pretested interview schedule. The findings were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and chi square test and odds ratio.Results: Findings revealed that about one-fourth (24.5%) cases were diagnosed to have CP within one year of age. In terms of sex majority (63.6%) of the cases were male and majority were the first born children. Findings also revealed that infection during pregnancy (OR:2.9, CI: 1.1-7.5), family history of cerebral palsy (OR:5.6, CI: 1.4-21.8), instrumental delivery (OR: 10.9, CI:2.3-50.6), not crying immediately after birth (OR: 17.3, CI: 8.6-34.6), were significantly associated with cerebral palsy. Conclusions: Most of the identified risk factors are preventable and controllable through proper antenatal and skilled intranatal care. Thus, every pregnant woman should receive proper care during pregnancy as well as during delivery for the prevention of the identified risk factors.Keywords: Cerebral palsy; children; risk factors
Rare Presentation of Giant Ovarian Cyst
Authors: Shrestha Prajapati Sristee , Shrestha Anisha , Bade Shrestha Usha
Published: November 2024

A 32-year-old unmarried female on an atypical antipsychotic presented with massive abdominal distension and progressive difficulty in breathing and ambulation. Imaging revealed a giant ovarian mass originating on the right side. A fertility sparing laparotomy was carried out, without complication. Histopathological evaluation revealed a seromucinous cystadenoma. Giant ovarian cysts are seldom encountered in current medical practice secondary to easy availability of imaging modalities and treatment facilities. In spite of their considerable size, such tumors are usually benign and have a good prognosis. Keywords: Fertility sparing laparotomy; giant ovarian cysts; Seromucinous cystadenomas.
Reliability and Validity of the Adapted Nepali Version of the AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma
Authors: Dhakal Gaurav Raj , Sadiqi Said , Dhakal Raju , Dhungana Siddhartha , Yadav Pravin Kumar , Shah Gyanendra , Paudel Santosh , Bijukachhe Binod , Yadav Abhay , Oner F.Cumhur
Published: November 2024

Background: The AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma has been validated in English and Dutch language, however, there is an absence of a translated and validated version in Nepali language. The purpose of this study was to translate the AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma into Nepali and adapt cross-culturally as outlined by established guidelines, as well as test its psychometric properties among Nepali speaking spine trauma patients.Methods: Patients were recruited from two Nepali centers as a cross-sectional multicenter validation study. The English version of AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Nepali language following international guidelines. Next to AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma also the EQ-5D-3L was filled out by the patients for concurrent validity. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the patient characteristics. Assessment of measurement properties included content validity (floor and ceiling effects), internal consistency (Cronbach’s ? and item total-correlation coefficients) and test-retest reliability by the Bland-Altman plot and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients. Spearman correlation tests were performed within the items and in correlation to EQ-5D-3L.Results: Sixty two spine trauma patients completed the instrument with a mean time of 6.8 minutes. The translated version showed good content validity with no floor and ceiling effects. The internal consistency was excellent with a Cronbach’s ? of 0.95. The Spearman correlations within the AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma items were 0.07 – 0.65 and the test-retest analysis showed excellent results with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficients value of 0.95 (CI 0.93 – 0.97). Inverse correlation was observed between Nepali AO Spine PROST with EQ-5D-3L components.Conclusions: The Nepali version of AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma demonstrated excellent validity and reliability results for measuring patient-reported outcomes of spine trauma patients. Keywords: AO spine PROST: Nepali; translation; validation.
Atrial Septal Defect Closure Via Mini Thoracotomy and with Peripheral Cannulation
Authors: Bhattarai Anil , Sharma Paudel Basanta , Shah Sangam , Pandey Apsara , Khakural Prabhat , Baral Ravi , Thapaliya Kalanath , Koirala Bhagawan
Published: November 2024

Background: Atrial septal defect is one of the most common congenital cardiac disorders requiring intervention. We compared a minimally invasive method for atrial septal defect closure that included total peripheral cannulation and an anterior mini-thoracotomy incision of 5 cm or less with a median sternotomy approach. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study among patients with Atrial Septal Defect. The preoperative variables, intraoperative data, and postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing minimally invasive atrial septal defect closure with total peripheral cannulation and atrial septal defect closure via median sternotomy were collected and compared.Results: Fifty-five patients underwent minimally invasive closure of the atrial septal defect with total peripheral cannulation and 55 patients that underwent surgery by median sternotomy were included for comparison. There were 61.81% (34) female and 38.18% (21) male in the mini-thoracotomy group while there were 52.72% (29) female and 47.27% (26) male in the median sternotomy group. The mean age at surgery was 23.4 and 28.6 years in mini-thoracotomy and median sternotomy groups of patients respectively. The most common symptom was exertional shortness of breath in both groups. The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 1.8 and 2.5 days in mini-thoracotomy and median sternotomy groups respectively, and the length of stay in the hospital was 4.5 days and 4.8 days in mini-thoracotomy and median sternotomy groups respectively. There was a significant association was found between the mini-thoracotomy and median sternotomy group in relation to mean size of the incision, average time for cardiopulmonary bypass, average cross-clamp time, and fluid drained on the first day after surgery. Conclusions: Atrial septal defect closure with a mini-invasive approach is safe and cost-effective with very few perioperative complications and good patient satisfaction. Keywords: Atrial septal defect; Nepal; sternotomy; thoracotomy; total peripheral cannulation.
Correlation of Body Mass Index on Semen Parameters
Authors: Maskey Suvana , Rijal Hima
Published: November 2024

Background: Studies done to determine relation of increase in Body mass index and semen parameters have shown conflicting results, some showing negative correlation others showing none. This study aimed to find out if there is any association between them in our population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in an infertility clinic in 2018/19 reviewing records from which Body mass index of male partner and results of semen analysis noted. Participants were grouped according to Body mass index; normal: 18.5–24.99 kg/m2, overweight: 25–29.99 kg/m2 and obese: >30 kg/m2. Different semen parameters such as volume, total count, concentration and motility were compared between different Body mass index groups to determine if there is any association between them. Results: Total 249 participants enrolled with mean Body mass index of 25.1 + 3.4 years. Semen volume decreased with increase in Body mass index (p value 0.063) and sperm count was lower in overweight and obese group compared to normal Body mass index group (p value 0.449) suggesting insignificant negative correlation of Body mass index with semen volume and sperm count. However there was insignificant weak positive correlation of Body mass index with sperm concentration and progressive motility (p value 0.668 and 0.973 respectively). Overweight persons were 3.14 times likely to have hypovolemia (OR:3.14; 95%CI: 1.51-6.53) and obese persons were 1.19 times likely to have oligospermia (OR:1.19 95% CI: 0.42-3.36) compared to persons with normal Body mass index.Conclusions: Body mass index has insignificant negative correlation with semen volume and total sperm count and persons with higher Body mass index were more likely to have hypovolemia and oligospermia compared to person with normal Body mass index. Keywords: Asthenospermia; body mass index; hypovolemeia; oligospermia; semen parameters.