bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVISÃO ON-LINE DA FINURA DO CIMENTO EM MOINHO DE BOLAS USANDO SENSOR VIRTUAL
Authors: Andreatta Karina A. , Apóstolo Filipe , Nunes Reginaldo B.
Published: November 2023

Este capítulo apresenta três modelos de regressão supervisionada para previsão da finura do cimento: rede neural perceptron multicamadas (RNPMC), máquina de vetores de suporte (SVM- Support Vector Machine) e rede neural de função de base radial (RNFBR). Para o treinamento dos modelos, as variáveis de entrada foram selecionadas através do estudo do processo de moagem do cimento e, posteriormente, foram escolhidos dois subconjuntos a partir dessas informações adquiridas por meio de métodos estatísticos. A variável de saída foi o resultado da análise laboratorial da finura do cimento. A etapa de pré-processamento que abrange a extração, análise, tratamento e limpeza dos dados recebidos da fábrica foi realizada de forma intensiva, o que ajudou a obter excelentes resultados na estimativa da finura do cimento. Este trabalho descreve o projeto e implementação de um sensor virtual baseado no modelo RNPMC treinado com o algoritmo de retropropagação de Adam e também no SVM para prever a finura do cimento online em um moinho de bolas. Os sistemas desenvolvidos foram implementados como sensores virtuais e foram efetivamente testados em um processo de moagem de cimento, denominado processo 1. Eles demonstraram a capacidade de fornecer informações sobre as variáveis anteriormente obtidas apenas por meio de testes laboratoriais off-line, com destaque para o sensor virtual baseado no modelo RNPMC. Os sensores virtuais desenvolvidos podem oferecer novas oportunidades complementares na redução do consumo de energia e também na melhoria da qualidade do produto final, entre outras vantagens para o processo de moagem.
AUTOMEDICAÇÃO E USO IRRACIONAL DE ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIOS NÃO ESTEROIDAIS POR PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EM UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE NA CIDADE DE FEIRA NOVA–PE
Authors: Gomes Matheus da Rocha , Silva Raí Rogério da , Sousa Mairla Cristiane Vieira de , Bento Gleiciele do Nascimento , Souza Neto Arlindo Gomes de , Cavalcanti Diana Ramos , Silva Mayara Paes de França , Dias Danúbia Raíssa Ferreira de Lima , Cavalcanti Julyana Viegas Campos , Cavalcanti Danilo Ramos
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Verificar o uso irracional de medicamentos e a prática da automedicação por meio de anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais por residentes do município de Feira Nova – PE. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas de pacientes que declaram se automedicar no município de Feira Nova - PE. A amostra foi composta por 198 pacientes, sendo incluídos aqueles com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes do município de estudo. Foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado distribuído em três blocos: aspectos sociodemográficos, automedicação e uso irracional de medicamentos. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 72,7% automedicam-se raramente, alegando dor de cabeça (74,2%), justificando com fácil acesso às farmácias (87,9%). 78,8% relatam o farmacêutico como principal fonte informativa, sendo a maior influência pra automedicação os medicamentos sem prescrição previamente comprados armazenados (78,8%). Na compra, 45,5% afirmam sempre receber auxílio farmacêutico, onde 80,3% sabem os riscos do uso inadequado, sendo 0,5% acometidos por efeitos colaterais. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as taxas observadas precisam ser reavaliadas frequentemente, para investigação da conservação dos dados, sendo necessária a aplicação de estratégias no sistema de saúde para conscientização plena populacional.
‘Sweetheart’, ‘Regina’ ve ‘0900 Ziraat’ Kiraz çeşitlerinde meyve çatlamasının önlenmesine yönelik farklı uygulamaların etkisi
Authors: İmrak Burhanettin
Published: November 2023

Kiraz yetiştirciliğinde derim zamanına denk gelen uzun süren yağışlar meyvede çatlamaya neden olmaktadır. Bu durum ürün kaybına ve meyve kalitesinin düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı uygulamaların Maxma14 anacı üzerine aşılı 7 yaşındaki ‘‘Sweetheart’ ‘Regina’ ve ‘0900 Ziraat’ kiraz çeşitlerinde ben düşme döneminde yapılan Biostimulant (Green Stim, Green Miracle), Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyici (GA3), Kalsiyum Klorit (CaCl2) ve kombinasyonu (CaCl2+GA3) uygulamalarının meyve çatlamasını önlenmesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, 2020-2021 döneminde 1100 m rakımlı Adana ilinin Pozantı ilçesinde bulunan kiraz bahçesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, derim zamanı, meyve kalite kriterleri (Meyve ağırlığı, SÇKM, meyve eti sertliği, pH, kabuk rengi) ve çatlama indexi saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak uygulamaların kontrolle kıyaslandığında, özellikle sertlik buna bağlı olarak da çatlama indexi değerlerinde büyük farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Çatlamaya en dayanıklı çeşitde %14 ile Regina ve bunu %19.04 ile 0900 Ziraat çeşidi izlemiştir. En hassas çeşit ise %31.20 ile Sweetheart çeşidi olmuştur. Green Stim en etkili uygulama olmuştur. Green Stim uygulaması Regina çeşidinde çatlamayı %85 oranında azaltarak %2 ye düşürmüştür. Benzer şekilde aynı uygulama Sweetheart çeşidinde %85, 0900 Ziraat çeşidinde ise %84 oranında çatlamayı önlediği saptanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre Green Stim uygulaması çatlamayı önleme üzerinde en etkili uygulama olmuştur. Üretici tarafından en çok kullanılan CaCl2 uygulaması ise özellikle çatlamaya daha hassas olan Sweetheart çeşidinde %57 oranında çatlamayı önlemiştir.
Hatay ilinde bireylerin bitkisel ve hayvansal yağ tüketimini etkileyen faktörler
Authors: Kaya Aybüke , Acıbuca Veysi , Ateş Merve
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hatay ilinde bireylerin bitkisel ve hayvansal yağ tüketim alışkanlıkları ve yağ tercihinde etkili olan faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın ana materyalini, basit tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla belirlenen 412 tüketiciyle yüz yüze yapılan anket çalışması oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler SPSS paket programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş olup bireylerin yağ tercihine etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi için faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Kişi başı bitkisel yağ tüketimi ortalama 14.13 l yıl-1, hayvansal yağ tüketimi ise 2.52 kg yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bireylerin öncelikli tercihinin bitkisel yağ olduğu, bitkisel yağa göre hayvansal yağ tüketiminin sınırlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Faktör analizine göre bireylerin yağ tüketiminde etkili olan en önemli içsel faktörün kalite, dışsal faktörün ise ürünün ambalajı olduğu saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular Hatay ilindeki tüketicilerin yemeklik yağ tercihinde bilinçli olduğunu göstermektedir. Sektördeki firmalar ürün satış ve pazarlamasında fiyat ve reklamların etkisinden çok öncelikle ürünün kalitesini ve ambalajını önemsemelidir. Ayrıca firmalar tüketici tercihlerini dikkate alarak yeni pazarlama stratejileri gerçekleştirmelidir. Hayvansal yağ tüketiminin arttırılması için tüketicilerin gelir seviyesinin arttırılması, gıda enflasyonunun düşürülmesine yönelik politikaların uygulanması ve hayvancılıkta girdi maliyetlerini düşürecek sürdürülebilir teşviklerin uygulanması gerekmektedir.
OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE SOSYAL GÜVENLİĞİN SAĞLANMASINDA AHİ TEŞKİLATININ ROLÜ
Authors: GÜLCAN Erhan
Published: November 2023

Ahilik, Türk örf ve adetlerinden ve İslam dininin öğretilerinden etkilenerek bir mesleğin kurallarını belirleyen ve bu kurallara göre ekonomik işleyişi yerine getiren örgütlenmelerdir. Ahi teşkilatları toplumun gereksinim duyduğu mal ve hizmetleri kendi içerisinde çırak, kalfa ve usta biçiminde belirli bir hiyerarşiye göre üretmişlerdir. Faaliyette bulundukları şehir veya kasabalarda pazarın ya da piyasanın gereklerine göre üretilecek malın miktarı, fiyatı, standardı, hangi yetkinlikte üretileceği ve emeğin niteliğine ilişkin ölçütleri belirlemişlerdir. 13. yüzyıldan itibaren fütüvvet anlayışı çerçevesinde Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesinde etkin bir rol oynayan Ahi teşkilatları Selçuklu Devleti ve Osmanlı Devleti dönemlerinde Anadolu’da ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal işlevleri olan örgütler olarak varlığını güçlü biçimde göstermiştir. Ahi teşkilatları toplumun gereksinim duyduğu sosyal güvenlik işlevlerini de yerine getirmiştir. Bu sosyal korumayı hem mesleki düzeyde hem de toplumsal düzeyde sağlamıştır. Ahi teşkilatları, kendi üyelerine başta mesleki riskler olmak üzere sosyal risklere karşı sosyal güvenlik sağlamıştır. Ayrıca bu teşkilatlar faaliyet gösterdikleri şehir ve kasabalarda, gereksinim içinde olan yoksullara yardım, yolcu ve evsizlere barınma, hasta ve yaşlılara bakım ve tedavi, kimsesiz gençlere yardım ve eğitim gibi uygulamalar gerçekleştirerek toplumsal düzeyde bir sosyal güvenlik sağlamıştır. Ahi teşkilatlarının sağladığı sosyal güvenlik uygulamaları günümüz Türk Sosyal Güvenlik Sistemi’nin de temelini oluşturan uygulamalar olmuştur.
Non-Drug Methods in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: a Review
Authors: Brazhnikova Irina P. , Konova Olga M. , Potapov Alexandr S. , Sviridovа Tatiana V.
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION. The relevance and importance of the problem of inflammatory bowel diseases is associated with a chronic, recurrent course and a steady increase in morbidity. With a complicated course of the disease, extensive operations on the intestine, this leads to disability, reduced working capacity and social adaptation. It is important to note that the maximum number of cases occurs at a young age and increasingly diseases are detected in childhood.
OBSERVATIONS. Based on the analysis of the literature using Russian and foreign sources on the use of non-drug methods in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, it is noted that, despite the constant improvement of drug treatment methods, including the active development of genetic engineering therapy, the search for effective methods and ways to optimize the treatment with the use of non-drug technologies continues.
CONCLUSION. Long-term course of inflammatory bowel diseases is associated with a possible risk of side effects from drug therapy and a decrease in the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the use of non-drug methods in the treatment of IBD in adults and children is relevant at the moment. Data on the use of a number of methods, including non-invasive, in the treatment of this category of patients are presented. High potential, promising direction, a small number of side effects show the need for further research and observations.
Validation of the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (Tinetti Test) Scale in Russia for Stroke Patients
Authors: Kostenko Elena V. , Petrova Liudmila V. , Pogonchenkova Irena V.
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION. Balance disturbances are frequent syndromes after a cerebral stroke (CS). The availability of a validated tool for balance and walking functions comprehensive assessments is very important part of real clinical practice, for rehabilitation diagnosis and individual medical rehabilitation plan.
AIM. To determine the psychometric properties of the Motor Activity Performance Assessment Scale (Tinetti Test, TT) for measuring balance and walking in patients with ischemic stroke (IS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS. 200 patients were included, 100 in the early (ERP) and 100 in the late (LRP) recovery periods of IS. The average age of patients was 55 [51; 57] years. The average of IS-duration were 99.3 ± 30.9 days (ERP) and 267.7 ± 27.8 days (LRP). Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients in two groups were comparable. The median and interquartile interval of TT were 20 [14; 24] points out of 28 possible. Content validity and intra-rater reliability were assessed by 10 clinicians. The test-retesting method was used to determine the intra-rater reliability. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Stand Up and Go for Time (TUG), and the 10-meter walk test (10MWT) were used for concurrent validation.
RESULTS. Two-stage linguistic and cultural adaptation made it possible to construct a Russian-language version of TT that was tested in a pilot study of 30 patients. The subsequent study of the psychometric properties of TT demonstrated high level of content validity and internal consistency of TT (α-Kronbach: 0.74 for TT-Balance and 0.72 for TT-Gait). BBS data significantly correlated with TT-Balance scores (r = 0.73, p = 0.001), TUG showed a negative correlation with TT-Gait (r = −0.69, p = 0.02). Retest reliability ranged from 0.72 to 0.86. The Bland-Altman plot showed the loss of one data point for TT-total beyond 95 % CI.
DISCUSSION. The Tinetti test indicates high substantive validity and internal consistency of the scales (the α-Kronbach for the balance and walking sections are 0.74 and 0.72, respectively), which is consistent with the data of foreign authors.
CONCLUSION. The linguistic and cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Russian version of the Motor Activity Performance Assessment Scale demonstrated the validity and reliability of this test as a tool for balance and walking assessment in patients with IS.
The Influence of Organizational Commitment and Supervision on Discipline Through Job Satisfaction on Educational Personnel Faculty of Law, Brawijaya University, Malang
Authors: MEGAWATI Fatmamia Putri , ROSIDI Rosidi , MULYONO Sugeng
Published: November 2023

Organizational commitment is the relative strength of an individual's involvement in a particular organization, which is indicated by a strong belief in the goals and values of the organization, a willingness to make certain efforts for the benefit of the organization and a strong desire to continue being a member of the organization. This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of: i) organizational commitment to discipline, ii) supervision influences discipline, iii) organizational commitment to job satisfaction, iv) supervision to job satisfaction, v) job satisfaction to discipline, vi) organizational commitment to discipline through job satisfaction, vii) supervision of discipline through job satisfaction. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Law, Brawijaya University, Malang, using an explanatory research approach with a census sample technique obtained from 74 educational staff. Data was collected using a questionnaire method given directly to respondents. Then it was analyzed using path analysis.The results concluded that, all the proposed hypotheses were accepted, namely: (i) organizational commitment had an effect on discipline, (ii) supervision had an effect on discipline, (iii) organizational commitment had an effect on job satisfaction, (iv) supervision had an effect on job satisfaction, (v ) job satisfaction influences discipline, (vi) organizational commitment influences discipline through job satisfaction, (vii) supervision influences discipline through job satisfaction.
Re-Envisioning Scholarship of Teaching and Learning with Data Analytics and a Borderless Curriculum in a Troubled World
Authors: Dube Bekithemba Dube , Mosia Moeketsi , Moreeng Boitumelo
Published: November 2023

In an era marked by increasing geopolitical strife and societal challenges, the imperative role of education in bridging divides and fostering understanding is unparalleled. This special issue aims to delve into the transformative potential of integrating data analytics within the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), and in crafting a curriculum that transcends borders. Such an endeavour is crucial in effectively navigating and positively contributing to our complex, troubled world. Throughout this issue, we shift our lens to the transformative role of data analytics in reshaping SoTL. The collection of papers in this special issue presents a rich discourse on how data-driven insights can revolutionise curriculum design, teaching methodologies, and student engagement. These insights pave the way for more effective, personalised learning experiences, adeptly responding to the unique needs of learners in a digitally interconnected world.[1]
The Extreme Space Weather Event of 1872 February: Sunspots, Magnetic Disturbance, and Auroral Displays
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Cliver Edward W. , Clette Frédéric , Ebihara Yusuke , Toriumi Shin , Ermolli Ilaria , Chatzistergos Theodosios , Hattori Kentaro , Knipp Delores J. , Blake Séan P. , Cauzzi Gianna , Reardon Kevin , Bourdin Philippe-A. , Just Dorothea , Vokhmyanin Mikhail , Matsumoto Keitaro , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Ribeiro José R. , Correia Ana P. , Willis David M. , Wild Matthew N. , Silverman Sam M.
Published: November 2023

We review observations of solar activity, geomagnetic variation, and auroral visibility for the extreme geomagnetic storm on 1872 February 4. The extreme storm (referred to here as the Chapman–Silverman storm) apparently originated from a complex active region of moderate area (≈ 500 μsh) that was favorably situated near disk center (S19° E05°). There is circumstantial evidence for an eruption from this region at 9–10 UT on 1872 February 3, based on the location, complexity, and evolution of the region, and on reports of prominence activations, which yields a plausible transit time of ≈29 hr to Earth. Magnetograms show that the storm began with a sudden commencement at ≈14:27 UT and allow a minimum Dst estimate of ≤ −834 nT. Overhead aurorae were credibly reported at Jacobabad (British India) and Shanghai (China), both at 19.°9 in magnetic latitude (MLAT) and 24.°2 in invariant latitude (ILAT). Auroral visibility was reported from 13 locations with MLAT below ∣20∣° for the 1872 storm (ranging from ∣10.°0∣–∣19.°9∣ MLAT) versus one each for the 1859 storm (∣17.°3∣ MLAT) and the 1921 storm (∣16.°2∣ MLAT). The auroral extension and conservative storm intensity indicate a magnetic storm of comparable strength to the extreme storms of 1859 September (25.°1 ± 0.°5 ILAT and −949 ± 31 nT) and 1921 May (27.°1 ILAT and −907 ± 132 nT), which places the 1872 storm among the three largest magnetic storms yet observed.
Hepatoprotective activity of QBD-based optimized N-acetyl cysteine solid lipid nanoparticles against CCL4-induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Madupoju Bhavana , Rapaka Subhakar Raju , Malothu Narender , Desu Prasanna Kumar , Areti Ankarao
Published: November 2023

Purpose: In the present study, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) were developed employing the Quality by Design (QBD) approach for the application of hepatoprotective activity.

Methods: Using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) three independent variables (Soya lecithin, polysorbate content, and homogenization speed) and four dependent variables (% entrapment efficiency (EE), % drug release (DR), zeta potential (ZP), and particle size (PS)) were chosen for the study. The formulations were prepared by the hot homogenization method and characterized with SEM, FTIR, DSC, and XRD and evaluated their % EE, % DR, PS, and ZP. Developed SLNs were tested for their hepatoprotective activity by an in vivo mice model and compared the effectiveness with free NAC and Silymarin.

Results: The optimized NAC-SLNs were found optimum with spherical and intact chemical structure (88.95% EE, 97.15% DR, -43.01 mv ZP, < 200 nm of PS) exhibiting Higuchi model of drug release. In terms of MDA levels, NAC-SLNs had a strong protective impact MDA level (23.09±0.01–21.84±0.01 u mole/mg protein) and were efficient in increasing GPx (16.89±0.01–20.71±0.02 unit/mg protein), GSH (18.94±0.57–24.21±1.00 unit/mg protein), which were reduced in the CCl4-intoxicated group. NAC-SLNs were more effective than NAC at inhibiting the liver enzymes SGOT (150.01±1.5–132.01±0.6 mg/dL), SGPT (100.73±1.1–91.98±2.8 mg/dL), ALP (147.07±0.8–124.79±0.5 mg/dL), and LDH (290.37±3.04–228.25±2.03U/L).

Conclusion: The study concludes that NAC-SLNs therapy was not only substantially more effective than NAC, but it also had effects equivalent to a well-known hepatoprotective and antioxidant drug Silymarin.
Neurodegenerative diseases associated antibody repertoire signatures in mimotope arrays based on cyclic versus linear peptides
Authors: Pashova-Dimova Shina , Petrov Peter , Karachanak-Yankova Sena , Pashov Anastas
Published: November 2023

The role of peptide probes’ conformational flexibility in extracting immunosignatures has not been sufficiently studied. Immunosignatures profile the antibody diversity and prove promising for early cancer detection and multi-disease diagnostics. A novel tool for modeling antibody repertoires, the concept of antibody reactivity graphs, proved instrumental in this respect. Serum samples from patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia of unknown etiology (DUE), and healthy controls were probed using a set of 130 7-mer peptides relevant to neurodegenerative diseases. Results show that linear peptides probed with IgM yielded higher graph density compared to IgG, indicating different levels of polyspecificities. Additionally, the impact of peptide topology and antibody isotype on feature selection was studied using recursive feature elimination. Findings reveal that IgM assays on linear peptides offer superior diagnostic differentiation of neurodegenerative diseases and define the degree of agreement between IgG and IgM immunosignatures with linear or cyclic peptides.
Effect of belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with low dose or no corticosteroids
Authors: Lee Yeo-Jin , Ahn Soo Min , Hong Seokchan , Oh Ji-Seon , Lee Chang-Keun , Yoo Bin , Kim Yong-Gil
Published: November 2023

Background/Aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) responder index (SRI)-4 response has been achieved with belimumab treatment in patients with moderate disease activity in cornerstone clinical trials and following studies. However, most studies involved patients treated with a mean prednisolone-equivalent dose of approximately 10 mg/d and focused on the steroid-sparing effect of belimumab. We aimed to identify the effect of belimumab in patients with mild-to-moderate SLE who were treated with low-dose or no corticosteroids.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients treated with belimumab for at least 6 months between May 2021 and June 2022. The primary endpoint was SRI-4 response at 6 months.Results: Thirty-one patients were included (13 low dose- and 18 steroid non-users). The mean age was 39.2 ± 11.4 years, and 90.3% of patients were female. The baseline Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) score was 6.0 (4.0–9.0). The primary endpoint was achieved in 32.3% (10/31) of patients. Significant improvements in anemia, C4 levels, and SELENA-SLEDAI score were observed during treatment. Univariate analysis showed that the baseline SELENA-SLEDAI and arthritis were significantly associated with SRI-4 response at 6 months, and only the SELENA-SLEDAI remained significant (p = 0.014) in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: This cohort study is the first to report the efficacy of belimumab after minimizing the effect of corticosteroids. Belimumab showed efficacy in improving the SELENA-SLEDAI score, anemia, and low C4 in patients who did not receive corticosteroids or received only low doses.
Tactile perception of line and dotted pictograms by sighted and blind people
Authors: Mascle Carolane , Jouffrais Christophe , Kaminski Gwenaël , Bara Florence
Published: November 2023

L’utilisation de pictogrammes pourrait être un moyen de fournir de l’information aux personnes qui ne lisent pas le braille. Nous avons comparé les taux de reconnaissance de pictogrammes tactiles en lignes et en points (ces derniers pouvant être affichés sur des tablettes à picots). Des participants aveugles précoces, aveugles tardifs et des voyants travaillant les yeux bandés ont pris part à cette étude mais l’analyse n’a pas montré d’effet du statut visuel, nous avons plutôt observé un effet de l’utilisation du braille. Les pictogrammes en ligne ont été facilement reconnus par tous les participants. Cependant, pour les pictogrammes en point, les lecteurs en braille avaient de meilleures performances que les participants ne lisant pas en braille. Notre analyse par item suggère que les pictogrammes en points devraient être créés avec moins de points et sans courbes pour être mieux reconnus.
Plantes sans âme dans le jardin
Authors: Scalas Giulia
Published: November 2023

Dans l’épicurisme, la réflexion éthique trouve son fondement dans le discours sur la nature qui explique à l’individu les phénomènes qui l’entourent et qui, la plupart du temps, l’angoissent sans raison. Ce discours concerne-t-il aussi le monde végétal ? Quel rôle jouent les plantes dans le Jardin d’Épicure ? L’étude cherche à reconstituer la physiologie épicurienne des plantes à partir d’un témoignage contenu dans les Placita philosophorum 2 . Des phénomènes comme la nutrition et la croissance, attribués à des plantes pourtant conçues comme des êtres inanimés, sont à questionner.
La fabrique du secteur de l’environnement en Équateur : l’international par le bas et le quotidien des bonnes pratiques
Authors: Rebeyrolle Louise
Published: November 2023

Cette enquête ethnographique porte sur la co-construction des politiques environnementales équatoriennes par les agents de l’État et les employé·es de la coopération internationale. Afin de comprendre la formation de ce secteur récent et internationalisé et les implications qu’elle induit en termes d’action publique, j’analyse les trajectoires et les pratiques quotidiennes de ses professionnel.les. Dans un premier temps, je décris leurs formations et leurs parcours, tant à Quito qu’au niveau provincial, et mets en évidence une socialisation professionnelle commune et des carrières croisées, que l’employeur soit une institution équatorienne ou un organisme international. Dans un second temps, je retrace le processus d’invisibilisation de l’international qui caractérise ce secteur, et ses conséquences sur les pratiques des acteurs, marquées par une internalisation de l’international, révélant ainsi la généralisation du fonctionnement par projet et de pratiques participatives normatives pourtant présentées comme neutres.
L’union fait-elle la force face à l’autoritarisme tunisien ? Dynamiques d’alliances transidéologiques en France dans les années 2000
Authors: Zederman Mathilde
Published: November 2023

Si l’« exceptionnalisme » supposé du cas tunisien, fer de lance de la transition démocratique dans le monde arabe grâce au « dialogue » et aux politiques de « réconciliation », a été déconstruit à juste titre, force est de constater l’existence d’une longue histoire d’alliances entre acteurs politiques antagonistes, dont une partie significative s’est déployée au-delà des frontières nationales. J’interroge ici les conditions de possibilité des alliances anti-régime Ben Ali en France, et les conditions de dépassement des polarisations idéologiques entre les principales forces de l’opposition tunisienne depuis l’indépendance : les militants islamistes et ceux des gauches. En analysant les modalités concrètes et ce que la « distance » fait à ce type d’alliances improbables, je montre en quoi elles sont révélatrices des caractéristiques de l’espace des mobilisations et des rapports de force qui s’y jouent. L’union ne fait pas nécessairement la force face à l’autoritarisme, mais elle révèle les rapports de force dans l’architecture de ces luttes en France.
Bureaugraphier le HCR : approche empirique et englobante d’une organisation internationale
Authors: Scalettaris Giulia
Published: November 2023

Je présente ici la démarche théorique et méthodologique qui m’a permis de développer une approche à la fois empirique et englobante de l’Agence des Nations unies pour les réfugiés (HCR). En m’appuyant sur une ethnographie embarquée et des outils d’analyse issus de l’anthropologie politique j’ai étudié le fonctionnement interne de l’organisation et les relations dans lesquelles sont pris ses agents et ses bureaux, ce qui m’a permis de saisir aussi la portée de l’action planétaire de l’organisation des années 2000. En plus de souligner le renouveau théorique que connaît l’anthropologie lorsqu’elle déploie ses méthodes pour étudier des institutions bureaucratiques, le terme de « bureaugraphie » fait ressortir l’importance que l’infrastructure matérielle de l’organisation a eu au niveau de la construction de l’objet HCR et dans l’analyse de mes données. Après une introduction sur le renouveau des études consacrées aux organisations internationales, j’explique comment j’ai pu « désinstituer » le HCR et envisager son dispositif bureaucratique éclaté comme un terrain. Ensuite, je montre la manière dont j’ai délimité le périmètre de mon enquête et décris les procédés qui m’ont permis de passer d’une observation localisée à une réflexion englobante. Enfin, je relate le parcours de distanciation épistémologique qu’il m’a fallu entreprendre pour identifier, dans la production de savoirs experts, une forme d’autorité majeure de l’organisation.
Be fancy : socialisation à une sophistication esthétique auprès de femmes d’une College town (USA)
Authors: Vidal Marie Melody
Published: November 2023

Cet article étudie les pratiques esthétiques de femmes appartenant à la classe moyenne supérieure au prisme de la dialectique du visible et de l’invisible, du dit et du non-dit, qui les caractérise. Il élargit l’analyse au savoir-être. L’objectif est de décrire les contours d’une socialisation à une sophistication raffinée avec les bienfaits qu’elle prodigue.
Par-delà la citoyenneté. Retrouver l’institution électorale en situation coloniale
Authors: Ruaud Juliette
Published: November 2023

Comment renouveler l’étude de l’institution électorale en situation coloniale ? Cet article propose une synthèse et un programme de recherche à propos du vote dans les empires coloniaux européens, aux XIX e et XX e siècles. Pour cela, il se base sur une revue de la littérature en socio-histoire du vote et en histoire coloniale, ainsi que sur une étude du cas sénégalais. Il défend la nécessité de se départir d’une seule histoire de la mondialisation du scrutin secret pour tendre vers une histoire plus polycentrée du vote et de l’élection, invitant à exhumer des formes de vote habituellement négligées pour mettre au cœur de l’analyse la question de la superposition de formes électorales qui ont caractérisé les espaces colonisés. Il montre qu’une telle perspective est en mesure d’enrichir la compréhension des mécanismes de domination en situation coloniale, d’aider à approfondir le travail d’identification des électorats coloniaux et d’affiner l’analyse des héritages institutionnels coloniaux en matière électorale.
Les politiques publiques de l’emploi dans les fils du clientélisme politique : le gouvernement de La Réunion et de ses quartiers populaires
Authors: Giraud Laura , Deschamps Damien , Provini Olivier
Published: November 2023

À travers l’étude des politiques publiques de l’emploi à La Réunion, l’article démontre les confusions existantes entre l’action publique et le clientélisme politique. Nous étudions comment les ressources engagées dans le processus de politiques publiques, notamment les contrats aidés, sont détournées à La Réunion et dans les quartiers populaires de leur objectif officiel – la réinsertion des personnes les plus éloignées du marché du travail – pour alimenter plutôt les réseaux clientélaires des élus, leur permettant de se maintenir au pouvoir et d’acheter la paix sociale sur le territoire. Nos résultats encouragent ainsi à prendre au sérieux les intrications existantes entre l’action publique et le clientélisme politique.
Les décisions d’attribution au guichet
Authors: Bourgeois Marine
Published: November 2023

À partir d’une enquête ethnographique réalisée au sein de six organismes HLM, cet article réinvestit la question des attributions de logements sociaux sous l’angle des pratiques professionnelles de celles et ceux qui les mettent en œuvre. Il mobilise la théorie micro-institutionnaliste combinant les apports de la street-level bureaucracy et du néo-institutionnalisme pour dépasser certains écueils des approches « par le bas » de l’action publique, en articulant différents niveaux d’analyse et en hiérarchisant les explications du travail bureaucratique. Dans cette perspective, l’enquête souligne le poids des logiques organisationnelles et nuance l’influence des facteurs situationnels et dispositionnels. En effet, si les propriétés sociales des agent·es façonnent leurs conceptions du métier et leurs registres d’actions, elles se révèlent moins déterminantes lorsqu’il s’agit d’expliquer les comportements au guichet. De la même façon, si les interactions peuvent moduler certaines décisions d’attribution, les aménagements restent peu nombreux et sont contenus par l’environnement institutionnel.
Liens entre le statut tabagique et la situation vis-à-vis de l’emploi : analyse transversale de la cohorte CONSTANCES
Authors: El Haddad Rita , Renuy Adeline , Wiernik Emmanuel , Goldberg Marcel , Zins Marie , Airagnes Guillaume
Published: November 2023

Estimer les prévalences d’usage de tabac en 2017 et en 2019 en population française couverte par le Régime Général d’Assurance Maladie en fonction du statut vis-à-vis de l’emploi. À partir d’un échantillon de 18 008 volontaires inclus en 2017 dans CONSTANCES, une cohorte nationale en population générale française ayant recruté de manière aléatoire des volontaires de 18-69 ans affiliés au Régime Général d’Assurance Maladie, les prévalences d’usage du tabac en fonction de du statut vis-à-vis de l’emploi ont été estimées en 2017 et en 2019 après correction pour les biais de sélection à l’inclusion et de non-réponse au suivi. En 2019, la prévalence du tabagisme était plus élevée chez les actifs inoccupés (29,2 % chez les hommes et 20,7 % chez les femmes) par rapport aux actifs occupés (16,5 % chez les hommes et 13,8 % chez les femmes). La prévalence du tabagisme la plus élevée concernait les personnes sans activité professionnelle pour raisons de santé (38,5 % chez les hommes et 35,8 % chez les femmes). Les fumeurs étaient plus à risque d’être actifs inoccupés comparativement aux non-fumeurs (OR 2,63 [95 % Intervalle de confiance [IC] : 1,79 ; 3,85] chez les hommes et OR 1,55 [95 % IC : 1,08 ; 2,22] chez les femmes). Chez les hommes, la prévalence d’actifs occupés parmi les petits fumeurs (<10 cigarettes/jour) a baissé entre 2017 (87,1 %) et 2019 (74,8 %). Ces analyses soulignent l’importance d’intensifier les campagnes de prévention sur le tabagisme parmi les actifs inoccupés et les inactifs, en particulier pour raisons de santé.
Sondage archéologique réalisé en 1993 par la Société royale d’Archéologie de Bruxelles au pied de la tour de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles dans le cadre des restaurations
Authors: Fourny Michel
Published: November 2023

La Société Royale d’Archéologie de Bruxelles a effectué un sondage en sous-sol afin d’examiner les fondations de la tour de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles. Les fondations apparaissent peu profondes mais elles sont très épaisses. Elles consistent en une maçonnerie composée essentiellement de moellons de calcaire gréseux, accompagnés de quelques fragments de briques de remploi, conformément aux techniques de construction en usage dès les xiv e et xv e siècles. La position du ressaut de fondation supérieur indique que le niveau de circulation actuel n’a pas été modifié depuis l’origine. La tranchée de fondation de l’ouvrage recoupe des sédiments antérieurs qui contiennent notamment des tessons de céramique datés de la fin du xii e siècle et du xiii e siècle. Des analyses palynologiques permettent de restituer le paysage végétal à cette époque.
Numérisation 3D de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles et de la statue du saint Michel : exploitation architecturale et archéologique
Authors: Schenkel Arnaud , Ercek Rudy , Debeir Olivier
Published: November 2023

En vue d’en assurer l’étude architecturale et archéologique, les toits, la cour et les façades de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles ont été numérisés au moyen d’un relevé scanner 3D, couplé à une prise de photographies. Différents éléments de décor, tels que le tympan du portail principal et le saint Michel, girouette médiévale qui ornait le sommet du bâtiment, ont aussi été numérisés en haute définition. 1 Les relevés présentent différents défauts colorimétriques (variation liée à l’illumination naturelle changeante) et géométriques (points erronés liés aux passages de personnes et véhicules, traînées de points inhérentes au dispositif). Une chaîne de traitement spécifique a donc été appliquée pour les corriger. Au vu de la quantité de données et de leur exploitation pour la création de plans, un logiciel, baptisé LisaCAD, a été développé afin d'exploiter les données sous forme d’une représentation 2D enrichie. Celle-ci est similaire à des orthophotos, complétées par la possibilité de naviguer en profondeur et de varier le mode de rendu (couleurs, intensité, orientation…), afin de mettre en avant certains éléments (surfaces, arêtes…) difficilement perceptibles en couleur. Ses fonctionnalités permettent la réalisation d’élévations très précises et la production d’images de projection en haute définition de l’ensemble des façades de la cour, ainsi que de l’ensemble des toitures.
L’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles. Apport de l’archéologie à la compréhension d’un édifice majeur au travers d’une étude des maçonneries gothiques
Authors: Sosnowska Philippe , Byl Sylvie , Huyvaert François , Doperé Frans
Published: November 2023

Patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO, l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles figure comme l’un des édifices gothiques majeurs de la cité et a marqué de son empreinte l’histoire architecturale des anciens Pays-Bas méridionaux. Si celui-ci a fait l’objet d’une attention essentiellement portée par les historiens et les historiens de l’art, l’édifice a peu été abordé par l’archéologie. Dans cette optique, et afin de renouveler la connaissance de ce monument, le Centre de Recherches en Archéologie et Patrimoine de l’Université libre de Bruxelles a investigué, à la demande de la Ville de Bruxelles, les maçonneries gothiques de ce monument. Cette étude s’est penchée sur la possible préservation de vestiges antérieurs à la maison échevinale. Elle a également permis de revoir certaines hypothèses sur la datation du beffroi, de mettre en évidence des campagnes de construction jusqu’alors insoupçonnées et de mettre en exergue la complexité de cet édifice public.
La statuaire polychromée, source matérielle de l’histoire du portail de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles
Authors: De Clercq Camille
Published: November 2023

Associant les témoignages écrits, l’histoire de l’art et les récentes investigations des matériaux et des techniques de la statuaire gothique faisant initialement partie du porche de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles, cet article retrace son histoire. Considérée autrefois comme relevant d’une seule phase, elle peut désormais être subdivisée en trois périodes distinctes auxquelles correspondent autant de groupes de statues polychromées, taillées par différents sculpteurs à des époques successives.
Hôtel de Ville et Aula Magna de Bruxelles face à face. Tentatives de comparaison des schémas géométriques directeurs
Authors: Fourny Michel
Published: November 2023

Faute de documents graphiques fiables, il n’est pas aisé de reconstituer les proportions en élévation de l’ Aula Magna de l’ancien Palais du Coudenberg à Bruxelles, détruite à la fin du xviii e siècle. Il en subsiste toutefois des vestiges qui donnent les mesures exactes de son plan. La comparaison avec d’autres bâtiments civils prestigieux induit une réflexion autour de la figure du carré qui est omniprésente dans les proportions des façades et des plans des hôtels de ville gothiques de nos régions. En particulier, les pignons de l’Hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles présentent des similitudes étroites avec ceux de l’ Aula Magna .
Analysis and prediction of UAV-assisted mobile edge computing systems
Authors: Wang Xiong , Yang Zhijun , Ding Hongwei , Guan Zheng
Published: November 2023

As the demand for the internet of things (IoT) continues to grow, there is an increasing need for low-latency networks. Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides a solution to reduce latency by offloading computational tasks to edge servers. However, this study primarily focuses on the integration of back propagation (BP) neural networks into the realm of MEC, aiming to address intricate network challenges. Our innovation lies in the fusion of BP neural networks with MEC, particularly for optimizing task scheduling and processing. Firstly, we introduce a drone-assisted MEC model that categorizes computation offloading into synchronous and asynchronous modes based on task scheduling. Secondly, we employ Markov chains and probability-generation functions to accurately compute parameters such as average queue length, cycle time, throughput, and average delay in the synchronous mode. We also derive the first and second-order derivatives of the probability-generation function to support these computations. Finally, we establish a BP neural network to solve for the average queue length and latency in the asynchronous mode. Our results from the BP neural network closely align with the theoretical values obtained through the probability-generation function, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. Additionally, our proposed UAV-assisted MEC model outperforms the synchronous mode. Overall, our MEC scheduling approach significantly reduces latency, enhances speed, and improves throughput, with our model reducing latency by approximately 11.72$ \% $ and queue length by around 9.45$ \% $.
Healthcare Systems and COVID-19 Mortality in Selected OECD Countries: A Panel Quantile Regression Analysis
Authors: Safaei Jalil , Saliminezhad Andisheh
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exerted an unprecedented impact on the health of populations worldwide. However, the adverse health consequences of the pandemic in terms of infection and mortality rates have varied across countries. In this study, we investigate whether COVID-19 mortality rates across a group of developed nations are associated with characteristics of their healthcare systems, beyond the differential policy responses in those countries.Methods: To achieve the study objective, we distinguished healthcare systems based on the extent of healthcare decommodification. Using available daily data from 2020, 2021, and 2022, we applied quantile regression with non-additive fixed effects to estimate mortality rates across quantiles. Our analysis began prior to vaccine development (in 2020) and continued after the vaccines were introduced (throughout 2021 and part of 2022).Results: The findings indicate that higher testing rates, coupled with more stringent containment and public health measures, had a significant negative impact on the death rate in both pre-vaccination and post-vaccination models. The data from the post-vaccination model demonstrate that higher vaccination rates were associated with significant decreases in fatalities. Additionally, our research indicates that countries with healthcare systems characterized by high and medium levels of decommodification experienced lower mortality rates than those with healthcare systems involving low decommodification.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that stronger public health infrastructure and more inclusive social protections have mitigated the severity of the pandemic’s adverse health impacts, more so than emergency containment measures and social restrictions.
Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship Between Prescribing Institutions and Medication Adherence Among Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in Korea
Authors: Ghang Haryeom , Lee Juhyang
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between prescribing institutions and medication adherence among patients newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes.Methods: This study investigated patients with new prescriptions for hypertension and diabetes in Korea in 2019 with using data collected from general health screenings. A multilevel logistic regression model was applied to explore the relationship between patients’ first prescribing institution and their medication adherence, defined as a medication possession ratio (MPR) over 80%.Results: The overall adherence rates were 53.7% and 56.0% among patients with hypertension and diabetes, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 13.2% for hypertension and 13.8% for diabetes (p<0.001), implying that the first prescribing institution had a significant role in medication adherence. With clinics as the reference group, all other types of hospitals showed an odds ratio (OR) less than 1.00, with the lowest for tertiary hospitals (OR, 0.30 for hypertension; 0.45 for diabetes), and the next lowest in health screening specialized clinics (OR, 0.51 for hypertension; 0.46 for diabetes). Among individual-level variables, female sex, older age, higher insurance premium level, and residing in cities were positively associated with adherence in both the hypertension and diabetes samples.Conclusions: This study showed that the prescribing institution had a significant relationship with medication adherence. When the first prescribing institution was a clinic, newly diagnosed patients were more likely to adhere to their medication. These results highlight the important role played by primary care institutions in managing mild chronic diseases.
Impact of Physical Activity on the Association Between Unhealthy Adolescent Behaviors and Anxiety Among Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lee Hyo-jung , Choi Jeong Pil , Oh Kunhee , Min Jin-Young , Min Kyoung-Bok
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Adolescents who engage in unhealthy behaviors are particularly vulnerable to anxiety. We hypothesized that participation in physical activity could influence the relationship between anxiety and unhealthy behaviors in adolescents. These behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, and unsafe sexual activity.Methods: This study included 50 301 students from the first year of middle school to the third year of high school, all from Korea. The unhealthy adolescent behaviors examined included current alcohol consumption, current smoking, and unsafe sexual behavior. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7).Results: The participants had a mean age of 15.19 years and an average GAD-7 score of 4.23. No significant differences were observed in GAD-7 score among exercising participants when categorized by smoking status (p=0.835) or unsafe sexual behavior (p=0.489). In contrast, participants in the non-exercise group who engaged in these behaviors demonstrated significantly higher GAD-7 scores (p<0.001 and 0.016, respectively). The only significant interaction was found between unsafe sexual behavior and exercise (p=0.009). Based on logistic regression analysis, within the non-exercise group, significant positive associations were observed between current smoking and anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 1.57), as well as between unsafe sexual behavior and anxiety (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.73). However, within the exercise group, no significant association was found between anxiety and either smoking or unsafe sexual behavior. Furthermore, no significant interaction was observed between unhealthy behaviors and exercise.Conclusions: These findings are insufficient to conclude that physical activity influences the relationship between unhealthy behaviors and anxiety.