bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process in Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Utilization
Authors: Zhu Dian Xing , Li Xin
Published: December 2012

With the rapid development of economic, substantial increase of production and consumption, the resource is developed and used excessively, which brought a growing deterioration of the environment and ecological problems. Researching and selecting scientific and rational disposal technologies can effectively solve the current municipal solid waste pollution of environment. This paper introduced the municipal solid waste utilization methods used commonly. This paper establishes a solid waste utilization evaluation indices system based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Then it discusses the theoretical foundations and application process of AHP and analyzed dependence and feedback among indices.
Research on Evaluation Index System of Enterprise Efficiency
Authors: Li Ji Guang
Published: December 2012

Economic benefit or economic efficiency refers to the ratio of input to output, but not the owner’s income. The right evaluation of enterprise benefit or enterprise efficiency should abandon the indicator system, in which the core is the profit margin reflecting investor’s income. The scientific evaluation index system of enterprise benefit or enterprise efficiency should focus on the ratio of net assets value reflecting total puts to total, the ratio of net cost value reflecting resources taken to output, and the ratio of excess net assets value which is comparable. And the supplements are the index that reflects the constitutive social effects, the efficiency of using resources and the benefit of protecting environment, the development index and the qualitative index.
Effect of Surface Film on the Al Whisker Fabrication by Utilizing Stress Migration
Authors: Lu Ye Bo , Saka Masumi
Published: December 2012

The effect of surface film on the Al whisker fabrication by utilizing stress migration was investigated. The sample was a thin aluminum film deposited on an oxidized silicon substrate and covered with a surface film. Aluminum oxide layer, silicon oxide layer and Cu oxide layer were used as the surface films. Al whiskers were obtained only in the samples with aluminum oxide layer and silicon oxide layer after heat treatment. It was found that both the brittle surface films and compressive stress determined the Al whisker growth.
Detecting Flaws Analysis of Q345qD Hot Rolled Steel Plate
Authors: Luo Hai He , Dong Zhong Bo , Han Rong Dong
Published: December 2012

Three different flaws were detected in a Q345qD hot rolled steel plate by ultrasonic test. The morphologies, chemical compositions and formation causes of these flaws were studied by using metallographic examination, Electron Probe Micros-analyzer (EPMA) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) analysis. Besides, some corrective measures were proposed to reduce the incidence rate of these detecting flaws.
Kinematics Analysis on Ultrasonic Deep Rolling with Longitudinal-Torsional Vibration
Authors: Luo Ao Mei , Zheng Jian Xin , Wu Hao Qiong
Published: December 2012

The kinematics model was built based on the principle of ultrasonic deep rolling (UDR) with longitudinal-torsional vibration (LTV), and the trajectory equations of any particles on edge of the roller involved in the process were given; the influences of vibration parameters including phase angle, frequency of LTV, amplitude of longitudinal vibration, amplitude ratio and the rolling process parameters including roller radius, rolling depth, feed rate, the rotation frequency of roller on the trajectory, acoustic system design and processing quality were discussed. The results can provide theoretical basis for the design of acoustic system and optimization of process parameters.
Study on the Temperature of Workpiece in Low-Frequency Vibration Drilling
Authors: Shi Hua Feng , Yang Run Ze
Published: December 2012

The cutting mechanism in different position on the cutting edge of flat drill is researched in low-frequency vibration drilling. Experiments are carried on to measure the temperature on the bottom and locate the highest temperature position. And also, the variation of temperature resulting from different amplitudes is analyzed. Experiment results show that low-frequency vibration drilling can reduce the highest temperature relative to normal drilling and temperature reduces by 37% with the 0.18mm amplitude.
Hydraulic Design Method of Hyper-Normal Lower Specific Speed Propeller – Turbine Runner
Authors: Liu You Yu , An Ying , Zhang Guo Zheng
Published: December 2012

The reasons are analyzed that propeller turbine cannot work properly under littler volume in some seasons, and then a scheme of capacity-decreasing improvement is put forward. Characteristics of design under hyper-normal factors are pointed out. Software of hydraulic design for lower specific speed axial flow runner blades has been developed by Visual Basic and AutoCAD basing on the method of singular point distribution. Finally, an example to demonstrate and explain its use is given in this paper.
Development on Simulation System of Virtual DC Servo System
Authors: Liu You Yu , Xu Zhen Hua , Tian Xiao Qing
Published: December 2012

To change the current phenomenon of “being an armchair strategist" in the study of DC servo system, the simulation system of that was developed using virtual reality technology. The principle of pulse width modulation was stated. The development strategy of simulation software was introduced. Some key problems and their solutions in system development were put forward, which includes the formation of triangular-wave modulation, calculation of armature current, assurance of duty ratio with average voltage. Finally, an example was given using the virtual DC servo system simulation. This paper provides an assistive tool for the R&D of DC servo system.
Standardized Design and Evaluation of Coordinate Measurement Based on the New Generation of GPS
Authors: Yang Jing Zhao , Wu Bao Zhong , Li Guo Xi , Gong Jing Zhong
Published: December 2012

Currently coordinate measurement has been the most important methods of geometric measurement. The measuring principle is completely different with traditional instrument such as gauges, caliper etc. Instrument accuracy assessment, traceability methods and the evaluation of the measurement results have been the research focus. This paper presents a method for specification design and evaluation of coordinate measurement combined with the new generation of GPS (Geometrical product specifications), which are verified by measuring concentricity using laser tracker.
Easy Tennis-Serving Machine for Teaching Purpose
Authors: Han Liang , Liu Lu , Wang De Bin , Jiang Cheng
Published: December 2012

With the improvement of living standards, the tennis sports has developed quickly, which largely promotes the development of tennis-related equipment .The tennis machine is an important part of them, which can assist one person to practice and improve tennis skill alone. Today, most of the tennis machines in the market usually make use of electrical energy to convert it into mechanical energy. The design of the tennis-serving machine aims at throwing the ball without the electrical energy. It does not need external energy sources and is mainly used for teaching and practicing beginners. The overall structure is designed on the base of a bike by making several changes. It takes advantage of the ratchet to rotate in one direction. It works by the manpower, and the rotating wheel is driven by the growth of the rate of transmission to squeeze the ball out. The main technical indicators of this design are pure manual labor, simple structure, less demanding of the technology and lower cost.
Design of the Calculative Software of the Dynamics Analysis on a Type Palletizing Robot on Matlab
Authors: Zhu Su Xia , Lei Quan Sheng , Li Jin Quan
Published: December 2012

For a palletizing robot, its dynamic statics equations are established. The calculative software of the palletizing robot’s kinematic model is designed and established by using Matlab. The force condition of key axes and key parts in the process of palletizing robot motion with the position and orientation change can be got by the calculative software, and the concrete applications of the calculative software are introduced by an example. The calculative software provides convenience for the selection and check of motor and reducer.
Formation of Micro Spot-Welding Joint of Rapidly Solidified Ni-19.8%Sn Alloy Foils
Authors: Zhai Q.Y. , Xu J.F. , Zhang X. , Guo X.F.
Published: December 2012

In this study, the spot welding of rapidly solidified Ni-19.8%Sn alloy foils has been conducted by a micro-type capacitor discharge welder. The configuration and microstructural morphology of the joint were examined experimentally and he temperature of the micro nugget was analyzed numerically. The results show that the micro-joint consists of an oblate spheroid nugget and a 2.0~3.0 m thick bond zone. The microstructure of the joint is fine and homogeneous and there is no coarsening sign in the parent materials near nugget. During solidification, the cooling rate of nugget is so high to the order of 106K/s that the eutectic reaction of L  α-Ni + Ni3Sn was suppressed or at least partly suppressed and almost all of the liquid within the joint solidified into supersaturated α-Ni. Therefore, the joint microstructure which is consistent with the microstructure of the alloy foils shows the characteristics of rapid solidification. In addition，a kind of streamline due to vortex flow in micro nugget, with dispersed dross distributes in cluster along the streamline, is formed under electromagnetic force and electrode pressure.
Design of Remote Monitoring System Based on Fuzzy Control of Furnace Temperature
Authors: Fang Hong
Published: December 2012

During the furnace temperature control process, the thermocouple signal can be easily distorted during the amplification and analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion. In regular PID control algorithm, the PID parameters shall be adjusted according to the ambient temperature. For the informatizaiton and internetization of enterprises, the temperature control system shall be monitored remotely through Internet. This paper, taking the single chip microcomputer as the core and the high-precision AD7705 A/D converter as the sampling element for furnace temperature, designs a remote monitoring system fuzzily controlling the furnace temperature by using fuzzy control algorithm and RTL8019AS Ethernet Control Chip, achieving the accurate control and remote monitoring of the temperature of resistance furnace.
Research on TV-Command-Guided Air-to-Ground Missile Simulation Training System Based on SIMBox
Authors: Ma Xiao Xiao , Li Tao , Ren Yong Qiang , Liu Tao
Published: December 2012

Simulation training plays an important role in the training of complicated military equipment. The complicated operation procedure of TV-command-guided missile is analyzed. The models of the missile including the kinematics model, dynamics model and command-guided model are present, and a simulation system is developed based on SIMBox simulation platform. The simulation data is similar to the actual trajectory, and the results show the system can simulate the procedure of the weapon operator controlling the missile. The system provided a resolution to solve the problem of training of this type weapon.
Material and Manufacturing of the Key Part of Dish Solar Thermal Power Generation Device
Authors: Dai Qing Hui , Jiang Jin
Published: December 2012

The solar thermal power generation is an important direction in the use of new energy. With the parabolic dish as the object of research, we analyzed its structure,material and forming method. According to the TRIZ theory, we researched and designed its processing technique. The parabolic dish’s manufacturing and processing scheme is showed in the end.
Packet Capturing and Filtering on the IPv6 Based Networking Environment
Authors: Jiang Xue Feng , Jiang Shan , Liu Jun Rui
Published: December 2012

Nowadays, IPv4 addresses have been exhausted. IPv6 as the next generation of the Internet Protocol is gradually moving towards practical , Network monitoring is very important to the practical use of IPv6 , The security problems of IPv6 study is not mature, especially the security of IPv6 network security products are less . This study uses the existing IPv4 network security research results, aiming at the characteristic of IPv6 protocol , Analysis of the structure and classification of the IPv6 address , IPv6 addressing, neighbor discovery process, the domain name system , DHCPv6 , ICMPv6, IPv6 routing and security series of IPv6 basics of features , Using WinPcap programming, enabling the network packet capture, content analysis and experimental verification of the system.
Joint Modeling and Simulation of the Spindle System of Hammer Crusher Based on Finite Element Analysis and Flexible Multi-Body Dynamics. Part1: Modeling
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen En , Gao Jun Qing , Gong Yun Feng
Published: December 2012

In the past finite element analysis (FEA) and multi-body system simulation (MBS) were two isolated methods in the field of mechanical system simulation. Both of them had their specific fields of application. In recent years, it is urgent to combine these two methods as the flexible multi-body system grows up. This paper mainly focuses on modeling of the spindle system of hammer crusher, including geometric model, finite element model and multi-body dynamics (MBD) model. For multi-body dynamics modeling, the contact force between hammer and scrap steel was discussed, which is important to obtain the impact force. This paper also proposed how to combine FEA and MBS to analyze the dynamic performance of the spindle system by using different software products of MSC.Software.
Angular Rate Sensors with Conformal Flexible Multilayer Polymer Wiring Boards
Authors: Timoshenkov Sergey , Titov Andrey , Dolgovykh Yuriy , Tikhonov Kirill , Naing San Min , Korobova Natalya
Published: December 2012

The usage possibility of conformal flexible boards for angular velocity sensors has been described. Production of such sensors allows us to solve the problem of constructing roll sensor for rapidly rotating body (20 Hz) along the longitudinal axis of which are speed reaching 200g, and also perpendicular speed up 20g. The paper also analyzed the possibility of using polyparaxylylene as dielectric and protective layer in conformal multilayer wiring boards (CMWB). Research tests for compliance with the requirements of the developed process conducted and research testing to the requirements of the developed technological process. The proposed approach has been developed and its efficiency has been demonstrated by various experimental scenarios.
Study on the Expert System of Human Reliability Analysis
Authors: Li Tao , Li Xiao Chen , Chen Li , Liu Tao
Published: December 2012

Constructing an expert system of human reliability analysis can summarize and utilize those experience and knowledge that are accumulated for a long time in the field of missile support. It has very important significance for improving equipment support reliability. Based on the effective connection of neural network technology and genetic algorithm, knowledge, reasoning and mining process are incorporated. The basic functions, framework and realizing technology of expert system of human reliability analysis are introduced.
Modeling of a Rear-End Crash Pulse Generator
Authors: Chen Hai Bin , Zhang Ling , Zhang Li Ying , Cheng Xue Mei , Wang Zheng Guo
Published: December 2012

The rear-end crash pulse generator has been considered to be a key device for performing car impact safety research under laboratory conditions. According to the international regulation, ECE R44, the polyurethane (PU) tube was recommended to produce a standard rear-end pulse. However, little literatures on the impact dynamics of PU tube were known. In this study, a was established under ANSYS/LS-DYNA. With this finite element model, the following conditions to generate the standard rear-end impact pulses were determined: the initial impact velocity of sled was 30km/h, the resultant mass of sled was 680kg, number of PU-tubes was three, and outer diameter of olive knob was 46mm. Compared with the standard deceleration-time curve of actual rear-end crash, this finite element model of rear-end crash pulse generator was preliminarily validated.
The Simulation and Experiment Study of the Steering Qualities of the Shovel Loader with Four Tracks
Authors: Wang You Jun , Zhao Peng Zhao , Yang Li Hao , Wang Sheng Jun
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the Steering theory and running theory are introduced. Then the virtual prototype of the shovel loader with four tracks was established and the simulation study was carried out, which proves that after changing the tires into tracks, the steering qualities of the shovel loader was nearly keep the same. In the end, the experiment was done to validate the correctness of the virtual prototype. As the track conversion technology can not only keep the former vehicle’s maneuverability, but also greatly improve the vehicle’s passing ability, it has great popularize and application value
Research on the Compensation Method of Installation Errors in Guideway Straightness Measurement with PSD
Authors: Fan Rui , Zhang Di
Published: December 2012

Influence and Compensation Theory of Installation Errors in Guideway Straightness Measurement with PSD Is Analyzed. it Shows that Pincushion Distortion Affects PSD’s Accuracy, while Angle θ between Laser and Guideway, Error Angle Caused by Straightness Error and Angle β Generated when PSD Rotates about the Guideway Have Significant Influence on System Measurement Accuracy. PSD’s Pincushion Distortion Could Be Corrected and Installation State Can Be Determined by Measuring on Site and Calibrating with Laser Tracer. after Error Compensation, System Measurement Accuracy Is Greatly Improved.
Robust Reliable Control for a Class of Uncertain Discrete-Time Systems with Multiple Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Li Chong
Published: December 2012

The robust reliable control design problem of uncertain discrete-time control systems with multiple time-varying delays is addressed in this article. Uncertainty in system is assumed to satisfy the norm-bounded condition and the time-delay parameter is time-varying unstructured. Under the proposed concepts of exponentially robust stability and exponentially robust stabilization, the delay-dependent exponential stability condition for the robust reliable control system is derived and a new delay-dependent state feedback controller design method is provided. The relationship between system stability and time-delays is also studied. Simulation study shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed controller design method.
Analyzing the Influence of Rigid Foundation on Seismic Response of Cable-Stayed Bridge Pylon
Authors: Luo Wei Bing , Zhou Feng Yan , Lv Heng Long , Yang Yi Gang
Published: December 2012

Bridges collapses triggered by the earthquake often happen in recent years, and bridge damage caused by the earthquake also results in the great effect due to the secondary disasters. In this paper, we use finite element analysis software ABAQUS to establish the bridge pylon model with rigid-framed pylon bottom to calculate the structural response of two seismic waves (modal analysis, displacement time history, acceleration time history and stress time history of the bridge pylon bottom), comparing the response characteristics of two pylon structures under seismic effect.
Teratogenicity Assessment of Dental Implants
Authors: Liu Jian , Yang Yang , Liu Fen Ju , Liu Qing Fang
Published: December 2012

To evaluate the teratogenicity of the dental implant and provide a basis for safe applications of medical products. Chromosome aberration test, micronucleus test and the Ames test of the dental implant samples were performed. The results showed that samples of the dental implant did not cause chromosomal aberrations, nor induced the increase of bone marrow cells micronucleus incidence; Compared with the control groups, the number of revertant colonies did not increase significantly in the dental implant extracts and 1/5, 1/25 diluted groups, both under the activation and non-activation conditions, suggesting that no mutagenic effect was caused by the dental implant samples. All of the results indicated that the dental implant could not induce any teratogenic toxicity or carcinogenic and toxicity, so the dental implant can be safely used in clinical practice.
Geometrical Comparison between Chinese and European-American Cervical Vertebrae
Authors: Chen Hai Bin , Zhang Li Ying , Tan Li Wen , Zhang Shao Xiang , Cheng Xue Mei , Wang Zheng Guo
Published: December 2012

Neck finite element models have been extensively applied to design and validate the artificial biomaterials. To date, many finite element models of European-American neck have been proposed. However, the issue that using the geometrical scaling to convert a western model into a Chinese neck model is highly controversial. A Chinese neck model, based on MRI/CT scan images and frozen slice images from a 35-year old male cadaver, was established in this paper to examine the geometrical difference between Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae. Results showed that at every level of all cervical vertebrae except C2, a significant difference between the geometrical model of the Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae was revealed. The authors suggested that there might be a significant difference between the Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae.
Applying RFID Technology in Tourism Industry: The Case Study of Hotel in Taipei
Authors: Chen Te Fu
Published: December 2012

The study analyzes Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology developments reported in tourism industries, methods used, contexts covered, and provides an overview of the wide range of ways that RFID is being applied to improve tourism processes in hotel. The study develops a research framework: RFID Technology Application Model and stresses that RFID application brings many benefits for hotel, the study summarizes their readiness on different attributes into the two approaches: operations-centric approach and technology-centric, and evaluates the major applications of the two approaches for the case study of hotel in Taipei. The findings show that different RFID applications in tourism industry lead the different benefits. The study offers hotel some managerial implications of how to gain benefits, and make suggestions for internal operating management, as well as recommendations for future research directions. It would be beneficial for future research to study similarities and differences in best practices for RFID implementations not only between different sectors within tourism, but also across industries.
The Solution to the Conflict Problem Based on the Physical Behavior Analysis of Invention Principles
Authors: Su Huan Huan , Gao Chang Qing , Yang Bo , Zhang Er Hu
Published: December 2012

Product innovation is the key for the manufacturing to win in the market competition, and the logo of product innovation is to resolve design conflicts. The conflict in the reality is vastly different. If it has not been summarized, we can do not find out the exact way to resolve it. The conflict matrix is provided by TRIZ can help designers to resolve conflicts, but due to these principles of the invention given are more abstract, and each of the specific implementation ways of the principles of the invention are variety, so a reasonable application of principles of the invention is not easy, which a wealth of experience and theoretical knowledge has been needed by designers. The solution of the conflict problem based on the physical behavior analysis of invention principles was given in this paper. A functional modeling was referred to identify the specific cause of conflict arises, through the analysis of the physical behavior of the inventive principles, new conflicts optimization program was drawn.
Process and Application of Supply Chain Management on Telecom Operator Industry
Authors: Liu Jie
Published: December 2012

Organizations increasingly find that they must rely on effective supply chains, or networks, to compete in the global market and networked economy. This template explains and demonstrates the value, process, and application of supply chain management. Analyzed the participants which consist of m-commerce supply chain in China and how these participants create value and how information or service flows through the whole supply chain by investigating top three mobile network operators in China, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom.
Research on Mechanism of Collaborative Production Management Based on Manufacturing Outsourcing
Authors: Hao Hao , Wu Xing Gen , Li Hong Yu
Published: December 2012

Due to lack of collaboration, outsourcing risks gradually turn up, as seriously impact the operations efficiency of companies across the supply chain as well as realization of collaboration effect for 1+1>2. In order to avoid and control the risks, the core company and outsourcing suppliers need to build up the mechanism of collaborated production management, whose features are high integration and concurrent in the whole process of manufacturing, collaboration of manufacturing nodes, systematic combination of production process and dynamic parallel. Based on this, together with investigation of companies and own practice, bring forward collaborated production mode. This mode consists of five sub-systems: closed loop structure with horizontal systematic layer and vertical collaborated layer, supplier detail activities management, production information sharing system and collaborated production performance evaluation. Furthermore, the article makes analysis of the internal operations and external relevance of these five sub-systems. Eventually, emphasizes the key value for quick response to customer demand through continuously enhancing collaboration capability for domestic companies.
Design of Computer-Aided Assembly Software for Precision Machines
Authors: Wu Bao Zhong , Qiu Jing , Gong Jing Zhong , Zhang Meng , Yin Xin
Published: December 2012

Assembly is the very last and most important procedure to ensure the quality of precision machines. The prototype of computer-aided assembly software is designed, which takes the processes, tools and information into consideration. The multi-layer architecture is built, and some key technologies of the software and their preliminary solutions are elaborated. Finally, the initial application of the software is presented.
Green Bicycle Product Designation Using Product Data Management System
Authors: Dong Jun Hua
Published: December 2012

Environmental norms and the combination of market mechanism has become an international trend in recent years, therefore green product design is an important research topic. In this paper, we apply product data management system to the R&D of bicycle as a product design management tools, products and components to be established a database in order to generate bill of material to facilitate the assessment, re-use evaluation software inventory of green bicycle main parts, and to provide of the green bicycle industry reference for the design.
An Improved GA for Job-Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: Li Jian Hong
Published: December 2012

This paper introduces an improved genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the job-shop scheduling problem. A typical case is illustrated to report on how it uses the encoding method to address the problem and to work out the optimal schedules. This method has been tested with ten groups of samples generated randomly. The results show its outperformance to the traditional GA on solving the same problem in terms of best, worst and average ability.
An Empirical Study of Supply Chain Risk Warning in China’s Automobile Manufacturing Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Ming Hong , Lu Liang , Liu Yu
Published: December 2012

From the perspective of risk indicator of supply chain, this paper makes an empirical study of risk warning system in Jinlong Automobile Group in Fujian province. It discusses several indicators that cause risks to supply chain in company and categorize them. Then risk model is tested with artificial neural network to testify its applicability and accuracy. It’s argued that this is a rewarding attempt to go from academic level towards practical use and explores ways of thinking for risk warning system designing.
A DE-Based Hybrid Algorithm for the Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: Wang Hai Yan
Published: December 2012

This paper presents a hybrid algorithm to address the flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP). Based on Differential Evolution (DE), a global search method is introduced in the hybrid algorithm, where variations are made to the mutation and crossover operators in DE, according to the quantum rotation gate. And an Interchange-based local search method is further adopted in the proposed algorithm to gain a better performance. Experiments are performed to show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
“Smart Factory”: Intelligent System for Workshop Resource Allocation, Scheduling, Optimization and Controlling in Real Time
Authors: Goryachev Alexey , Kozhevnikov Sergey , Kolbova Elina , Kuznetsov Oleg , Simonova Elena , Skobelev Petr , Tsarev Alexander , Shepilov Yaroslav
Published: December 2012

The paper describes intelligent system “Smart Factory” which is designed to increase factory productivity and efficiency of resources utilization in real time (including equipment, manpower, materials, etc.). The objectives and key areas of application are considered and it is shown that system provides flexible event-driven reaction on changes in factory environment, resource allocation, scheduling, optimization and controlling in real time. The developed method of adaptive resource scheduling, main functionality of system and examples of screens are discussed. The results of implementation and measured benefits for Izhevsk Axion Holding are presented.
Synthesis of Polydiethyoxylsiloxane Catalyzed by Dehydrated Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide
Authors: Yang Xiao Deng , Wang Jian Cheng , Wang Qiu Tian
Published: December 2012

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) was dehydrated, and then used to catalyze the dimethyl cyclic siloxane ring cleavage and polymerize. The ethanol was used as both the solvent of TMAH and the capping agent to terminate the polymerization. Thus the high quality polydimethylsiloxane was synthesised. The influence of the amount of hexamethyl disiloxane was investigated. The investigation is of significant importance in both theoretical and practical aspects.
High Performance and Low Cost PVC Composited Material
Authors: Guan Li Tao , Yang Chong Ling
Published: December 2012

The formula of the self-deposit adsorption PVC floor material was studied in this study. With the increasing of the super-fine CaCO3Subscript text powder and substituting of epoxy soybean oil, the properties of the product were improved. The study revealed that when the addition of super-fine CaCO3 powder was 30phr, ESO 10phr, the general properties of the product was good. 1phr ACR was used to improve the processing performance. This study provided improvement method and base data for modification of PVC composited floor material.
Study on the Synthesis of LiCoO2 from Spent Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Jin Hui
Published: December 2012

A new LiCoO2 recovery technology from leaching solution of spent Li-ion batteries was studied in this paper. Leaching solution contained many metals, such as Cu, Co and Fe. Copper was removed through replacement by iron powder followed by iron precipitation in goethite method. The experimental results show that Cu can be removed 99% at least through replacement by Fe powder, and the removal of Fe can achieve 99% by goethite method. The optimum Cu removal conditions are that temperature is 50 °C, Femol/Cumol=1.5,reaction time is 30 min. The optimum Fe removal conditions are that terminal precipitation pH is 4, temperature is 90 °C, reaction time is 6 h. The remainder Co can be mixed with Li2CO3,LiOH•H2O and LiAc•2H2O to adjust the Li/Co molar ratio to 1.00. The new LiCoO2 was obtained by calcining the mixture at 850°C for 12 h in the air. Structure and morphology of the recycled powders and resulted sample were observed by XRD and SEM technique, respectively. The layered structure of the LiCoO2 synthesized by adding Li2CO3 is best, and it is found to have the best characteristics as cathode material in terms of charge–discharge capacity and cycling performance.
Thermal Diffusivity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Dispersed in Oleic Acid
Authors: de Freitas Cabral Alex Junior , Furtado Clascídia Aparecida , Fantini Cristiano , Alcantara Jr. Petrus
Published: December 2012

Suspensions of oleic acid with carbon nanotubes were prepared. Using a thermal lens experimental setup, the thermal diffusivity of oleic acid in presence of multi-walled carbon nanoparticles with different concentrations was measured. The results show that, the thermal diffusivity increases with the increase of nanotubes concentration, enhancing the thermal diffusivity in the solution. Modification in the thermal diffusivity as function of quantity of carbon nanotubes was investigated, for a constant volume of oleic acid 10 mL. The diffusivities were obtained by using the thermal lens spectrometry technique. The characteristic time constant of the transient thermal lens was obtained by fitting the theoretical expression to the experimental data.
Y3Fe5O12 Nanocatalyst for Green ammonia Production by Using Magnetic Induction Method
Authors: Yahya Noorhana , Puspitasari Poppy
Published: December 2012

Ammonia production is an energy-intensive industry as it requires high temperature (400-500°C) and also high pressure (150-300bar). This motivates research to finding greener and lower energy process for ammonia synthesis. In this work, Y3Fe5O12(YIG) nanocatalyst that has large surface area was synthesized. Ammonia was produced at ambient environment by using the Magnetic Induction Method (MIM).The Y3Fe5O12nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel technique and were sintered at three different temperatures (950-1150°C). The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns show the major peak at [42 plane with the value of a=b=c=12.38Åwhich indicates a cubic structure. The magnetic saturation (Ms) value of the samples is 16.6emu/g. The reducibility of the particles was described from the Temperature Program Reduction (TPR) profile at 806°C where all the oxide phase is changed to metallic phase. Ammonia yield of 242.56μmole/h.g-cat was successfully obtained at 0°C reaction temperature. It was observed that ammonia synthesis that was conducted at 0°C temperature resulted in higher ammonia yield indicating a better spin alignment and hence improved catalytic activities.
Laser Induced Microrelief Superstructure of Ag/ITO Seed-Mediated Nanocomposites
Authors: Kozlowski Gregory , Miedzinski R. , Kleismit R. , Kasperczyk J. , Kityk I. , Matusiewicz M.
Published: December 2012

The topography of indium tin oxide (ITO) films with incorporated silver nanoparticles and irradiated by single pulses of 18 ns Nd:YAG laser has been investigated. The study was carried out with two Ag/ITO films having resistances of 50 Ω and 4 Ω/square sheet resistances. The periodic structures in both samples were created after the laser treatment. The photo-induced periodic structures have a different character while the sheet resistance plays a major role in the growth process of these structures. The results of optical and non-linear optical investigations lead us to the conclusion that the temporary polarization of samples and high temperature of illuminated spot during laser treatment is responsible for the shape of periodic structures. This conclusion has been also confirmed by local permittivity measurements using evanescent microwave microscope and theoretical calculations concerning the temperature distributions during laser illumination.
Processing and Consolidation of TaC/HfC Based Composites Using MoSi2 and Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Arianpour F. , Rezaie Hamid Reza , Golestani Fard F. , Fantozzi Gilbert , Mazaheri Mehdi
Published: December 2012

Tantalum and hafnium carbides are classified as Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTC) because of their extreme melting temperatures (above 3900°C). Therefore, these materials can safely operate in the range of temperature that any other materials could hardly exist. However, these applications can be strongly restricted due to (1) processing difficulties and (2) low fracture toughness. In this work, to address these two difficulties we have used two additives, which are multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2). The CNTs were added aimed to improve the fracture toughness of the composites, and the MoSi2to facilitate sintering. Application of such a sintering aid, add to the novel SPS technique, allowing quick processing at relatively lower temperature, results in (1) fully densified specimens (> 99%) and (2) well-surviving CNTs after sintering. Moreover, microstructural analysis points out fair-enough dispersion of the CNTs within the ceramics particles, in both the green and sintered bodies. Also the specimens phase characterization shows inter dissolution of TaC and HfC and formation of binary carbides solid solution.
Preparation of Surface Modified Fe3O4 Nanostructures via Inverse Micelle Method and Study of their Magnetic Properties for Biological Applications
Authors: Sadjadi M.S. , Sharafi A. , Farhadyar Nazanin
Published: December 2012

In this work, we report on the synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles at room temperature using microemulsion template phase consisting of cyclohexane, water, CTAB as cationic surfactant and butanol as a cosurfactant. Silica surface modification of the as-prepared nanoparticles was performed by adding TEOS directly to the alkaline medium. The structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature. The results revealed formation of iron oxide nanoparticles, with an average size of 8.8-12 nm, a superparamagnetism behavior with fast response to applied magnetic fields and zero remanence and coercivity.
Enhanced Blue Green Emission of ZnO Nanorods Grown by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Zare Karim , Molahasani Nasibeh , Farhadyar Nazanin , Sadjadi M.S.
Published: December 2012

In this paper, we report enhanced blue green emission of hexagonal shaped ZnO nanorods (NRS) grown via a simple hydrothermal method and silica coated then by using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The composition and structural characteristic of the prepared samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM-EDAX). The results revealed well crystallized hexagonal structure possessing a perfect and ideal growth habits of wurtzite zinc oxide grown along the [00 direction in preference in both the cases. Optical properties and quality of the prepared ZnO and silica coated ZnO nanorods were examined by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra were used to study ZnO and silica coated ZnO nanorod electronic structure, which resulted in an obvious enhanced blue-green emission for ZnO nanorod and an intense red emission with a very low UV intensity for the silica coated nanorods. Appearance of intense red emission seems to be very promising since and it could favor more reliable fluorescence sensing in drug delivery fluorescent detection with a minor UV emission.
Wet Chemistry Synthesis of Semiconductor Gold/Cu1.96S Nanorod and Study of its Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: Farhadyar Nazanin , Sadjadi M.S. , Farhadyar Farzad , Farhadyar Ali
Published: December 2012

In the past decade, preparation of low-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures has become a hotspot of materials research because of their attractive optical and electrical properties. Semiconductor nanoparticles have found wide spread application in varied fields of engineering. Since, p-type semiconductors, copper sulfides (Cu1.96S) were used in solar cells, optical filters and supersonic materials. In this work, we report on the synthesis of Cu1.96S semiconductor nanocomposites in the presence of PVP via a wet chemistry process and then covered by a layer of gold nanoparticles. Formation of a pure CuS phase, in the presence of a PVP nanostructure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Size and morphology of as-prepared nanostructure were studied using Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM) images. The results revealed the formation of a dense Cu1.96S and roughly spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 25-35 nm coated homogeneously with gold nanoparticle. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements of the prepared samples showed enhanced blue-green emission (350 to 600) nm and red emission from 600 to 800nm.
Optimization of Morphology and Particle Size of Modified Sol Gel Synthesized YSZ Nanopowder Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Oghaz Morteza Hajizadeh , Razavi Reza Shoja , Loghman-Estark Mohammad Reza , Ghasemi Reza
Published: December 2012

The morphology and particle size of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanopowders synthesized by Pechini's method are very much dependent on the type of chelating agent, pH of solution, calcinations temperature, calcinations time, etc. In the present study, the influence of process parameters like the type of zirconium salt, pH of solution, calcinations temperature and time on the morphology and particle size of a YSZ nanopowder was analyzed by the Taguchi Design method and analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the experimental results and ANOVA, the pH of solution and calcinations temperature are the most significant factors influencing the morphology and particle size of YSZ nanopowder; pH of solution is the most significant factor influencing the morphology; and calcinations temperature is the most significant factor affecting the particle size. Models were developed for predicting the morphology and particle size of the YSZ nanopowder. They were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The models were tested for experimental conditions and were found to be close to predicted values. Both morphology and particle size of YSZ nanopowders were mainly dependent on the pH of solution.
Producing the Controlled Hybrid Lattice of Natural Protein Nanotubes by Chemical Hydrolysis for Nanomedicine
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Pegah , Fakhroueian Zahra , Esmaeilzadeh Pouriya
Published: December 2012

This work was instigated by the fact that sol-gel chemistry provides a relatively simple way to incorporate recognition species in a stable host green environment. In this new strategy, which represents a low cost example of bottom-up nanoassembly, chemistry art is entering the field of nanobiotechnology in fabrication and control of an expanded homogeneous length of separate single-walled and ordered, helical lattice-like open-ended natural protein nanotubes (PNTs) and also creative novel bio-nanohybrids. A new type of protein nanohybrids containg nanotubes-nanorods, nanotubes-nanofibers, nanotubes core-shell nanofibers were prepared using an electrostatic self-assembly method with the aid of chemical partial hydrolysis of milk protein α-lactalbumin (sol-gel technique) at a suitable pH value for the first time. They can have long helically coiled length and are promising for high capacity drug loading and applying in nanomedicine as organ transplantation in human body and implant material, because of their improved stability and unique mechanical and lattice thermal resistivity properties. In this study, various valuable ligand or binding sites such as distinct Mn+2, Ca+2or Zn+2 cations were used for incorporated into protein nanostructures as the self-assembly essential stimulant motor. It was found that the designed nanobioproducts could retain and stabilize as very clear and transparent green aqueous nanobiofluids during two years.
Role of Alkaline Fusion in the Growth of Sodium Titanite Nanostructures from Rutile Mineral
Authors: Meor Yusoff M.S. , Mahdi E.M. , Masliana Muslimin , Wilfred Paulus
Published: December 2012

The paper presents a study on the use of alkaline fusion to produce nanostructured sodium titanate from rutile mineral. The spherical structure of the micron-sized starting material changed and transformed to a two-dimensional nanostructure after the alkaline fusion process. After 7 hours dissolution with 30% NaOH, the growth of sodium titanate nanorod is observed, and after undergoing prolonged dissolution, nanowires, with an average diameter of 20-40 nm and a length of 1-4 µm are formed. The study also showed that using 0.1M HCl to wash the titanate complex results in a sodium titanate that is free from NaOH residue, although at higher molarities, the nanostructure will collapse, and spherical grains formed. The important role of alkaline fusion in this hydrothermal process is that it will reduce dissolution time, while NaOH concentration is required for the growth of nanostructured sodium titanate.
Antireflective Coatings with Nanostructured TiO2 Thin Films for Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Manea Elena , Parvulescu Catalin Corneliu , Purica Munizer , Budianu Elena , Comanescu Florin
Published: December 2012

This paper presents the preparation and characterization of nanostructured TiO2 films designated to the integration of antireflective (AR) layers into the fabrication process of the silicon solar cells. The nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) layers have been obtained by the anodization of the Ti layer deposited by sputtering technique on glass substrates and silicon wafers. The obtained TiO2 films were optically characterized using the Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) and the values of the refractive index are in a range of 1.66-1.76 at 632 nm radiation wavelength. The transmittance of 90 nm TiO2 thin films deposited on transparent substrate, evaluated by the spectrophotometry method, is over 70%. The TiO2 band gap of 3.3 eV was evaluated from the spectral transmittance characteristic. Silicon solar cells with various AR coatings of TiO2, SiO2 and SiO2 - TiO2 have been fabricated. The optoelectrical characterization proved that the output maximum power (Pmax) for the solar cell with a 90 nm TiO2 layer is with 28% greater than Pmax for the solar cells with SiO2 as AR layer and with 15.5 % greater than Pmax for the solar cells having a two-layer antireflective coating of SiO2 - TiO2.
Preparation of (Ti, Al)C Ceramic Coating on Carbon Steel by Electrical Discharge Coating and its Properties Research
Authors: Li Guo Liang , Jie Xiao Hua , Luo Wen
Published: December 2012

Multi-component ceramic coating (Ti, Al)C was prepared on the 45 carbon steel by electrical discharge coating (EDC) in kerosene. The (Ti, Al)C coating was analyzed by different methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS).The thermo gravimetric technique was used to approximate the kinetics of oxidation of the (Ti, Al)C coating and the carbon steel and the tribological performance is tested too. The results indicated the thickness of the coating was about 20μm, and the composition of the ceramic coating mainly consisted of (Ti, Al) C and Fe. An oxide film with compact structure formed after 600°C oxidation for 200h, and it was mainly composed of Al2O3 and TiO2, which inhibited further oxygen diffusion into the coating. The (Ti, Al) C coating possessed slow oxidation rate and high temperature oxidation resistance. The coefficient of the coating was lower than that of carbon steel and it had excellent abrasion resistance performance at the load of 100N. Carbon steel lose weight tremendously with an increase at the load of 100, but for the (Ti, Al) C coating the weight loss was very slow.