bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated energy-efficient routing and secure data management for location-aware wireless sensor networks with PFO leveraged improved fuzzy unequal clustering algorithm (IFUC)
Authors: L Amudavalli , K. Muthuramalingam
Published: January 2025

Combining energy-efficient routing with secure data management for LAWSNs represents a challenging research domain and an emerging scientific paradigm. This approach includes various elements, for example, data collection, asymmetrical clustering and hybrid optimization as well as a model of the combined encryption Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In the process of data collection, sensor nodes will sense environmental information (temperature, humidity, etc.), sample regularly and fuse to detect redundancy information for power saving. Geospatial clustering with IFUC is important in location-aware routing. This approach overcomes the hot spot problem and provides energy-efficient management of traffic within and between clusters by optimizing cluster sizes based on their access to the base station. Here, a hybrid encryption model is presented to combine asymmetric RSA with symmetric data encryption standard (3DES) encryption in order to carry out absolute encrypted data transmission, minimizing the probability of unauthorized accessible information. All the keys are systematically managed, periodically renewed, and handpicked through the phoenix fusion optimiser (PFO). The data transfer process is about the encryption of data by hardcoded keys and how this encrypted information is sent on the best route possible. The cluster heads (CHs) fuse data in clusters to minimize the redundant transmission of data. This data is then shared along the inter-cluster pathways to become a base station. A holistic energy-efficient, secure and optimized data handling solution tailored for location-aware wireless sensor networks (WSN) is thus proposed, extending the lifespan and enhancing the efficiency of the network using an integrated strategy.
Improvement of power system operation using a novel hybrid optimization method for optimal allocation of facts devices in radial transmission line
Authors: L. Vamsi Narasimha Rao  , P.S.Prakash  , M.Veera Kumari
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a novel hybrid heuristic algorithm, termed improved grey wolf optimization and cuckoo search optimization (IGWO-CSO), designed for multi-objective functions. This algorithm aims to optimize the allocation of flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) controllers within power grids, with the objectives of minimizing active power system losses, voltage deviation, and operational costs of the system. In this research work, interline dynamic voltage restorers (IDVR) are utilized as flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controllers. A comparative analysis is performed with other proposed heuristic optimization algorithms, including particle swarm optimization (PSO), cuckoo search optimization (CSO), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), improved grey wolf optimization (IGWO), and the combined IGWO-CSO algorithms, to confirm and validate the superiority of the proposed technique. The proposed scheme has undergone validation and has been implemented on a 30-bus IEEE electric power system. The numerical results were obtained using MATLAB. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm demonstrates superior performance compared to all other algorithms in attaining the optimal global minimum solutions, characterized by the highest convergence rate
Globalization and the evolution of labor: Navigating new frontiers in the global economy
Authors: Shyamkant M. Khonde  , Suresh Lata
Published: January 2025

The study explores the significant impacts of globalization on labor markets, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of how globalization shapes the nature of work and informs necessary policy adjustments to address emerging challenges in the global economy. A qualitative analysis is employed, examining key trends such as the gig economy, the demand for digital skills, and regional policy adaptations. The study synthesizes existing literature and case studies to outline the future of work and highlight essential adaptations for effective participation in the global economic landscape. The findings reveal a universal need for policy adaptation in response to the rapid changes in labor dynamics due to globalization. The study emphasizes the importance of strategic, forward-looking responses to address the challenges posed by this evolving economic context. Insights from the study suggest that policymakers and organizations must proactively adapt to globalization’s effects on labor markets, ensuring that strategies are aligned with emerging trends to foster successful workforce engagement. This research contributes to the understanding of globalization’s impact on labor by identifying critical trends and advocating for strategic responses, thereby offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders.
Revisiting the challenges of disinvestment practices and central public sector enterprises (CPSEs): Indian empirical evidence
Authors: D Selva Kumar
Published: January 2025

The current study investigates the challenges faced in disinvestment practices and conducts an empirical analysis of profitability measures in the selected CPSEs from an Indian perspective. The first part of the objective clarifies the efforts initiated by the disinvestment department concerning strategies adopted, utilization of proceeds, and the reasons for success, demonstrating the qualitative standpoint of the challenges defended to date. The second part examines the profitability measures return of assets (ROA), return of net worth/ equity (RONW/E), return of capital employed (ROCE), debt/equity (D/E), enterprise value (EV) and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA), & net profit margin (NPM), clarifying the decision criteria based on accounting-based metrics. The six measures were tested against the financial and operating performance regressors such as gross profit margin (GPM), technical analysis (TA), current liabilities (CL), concentration ratio (CR), and quick ratio (QR) using multiple regression analysis. The study considers 44 CPSEs leading to 218 firm-year observations, and the study period spans from 2018 to 2022. The former objective provides fresh insights into the challenges of disinvestment practices. The work clarifies that the success factors influencing the functioning of disinvestment practices are based on financial efficiency, modernization, employment generation, regional imbalance, utilization of proceeds, and methods of privatization. The latter objective reveals the model fit that confirms the profitability measures based on decision criteria {(outcome variable) [Adj. R2]} for the best fit {[(RoNW/E) [0.78] and (D/E) [0.75]}; good fit with normality issues {(NPM) [0.99]}; average fit {(ROA) [0.47]}; and poor fit {(EV/EBITDA) [0.06] and (ROCE) [0.01]} regressed on the predictor variables. This study offers insights for policymakers, regulators, academicians, corporate houses, and investors to refine disinvestment strategies, focusing on capital and ownership structures. It highlights the role of sound corporate governance, emphasizing transparency and accountability to enhance CPSEs' economic performance and reduce agency costs. By analyzing profitability measures through multiple regression, the research fills a gap in the literature, providing a comprehensive perspective on disinvestment and modern corporate finance within the Indian context.
Certain findings on the gamma graph of some graphs
Authors: Krupali Bhatt  , Tushharkumar Bhatt
Published: January 2025

Suppose every vertex v ???? V in graph G is either an element of subset S or is close to an element of subset S. In that case, subset S is said to be a dominant set of the vertex set V. If a set S is a γ-set. Its minimal cardinality is equal to the dominance number γ(G) of G. Any two vertices in a graph G are considered neighboring if their γ-sets vary by precisely one vertex. The gamma graph of G is denoted as γ · G, and its γ-sets serve as vertices in the graph. We discuss the gamma graph of path, cycle, ladder, and star graphs in the middle of the paper and look at a number of results pertaining to the gamma graph of pan and lollipop graphs.
NEP 2020 policies for inclusive education
Authors: Gitesh Kalita
Published: January 2025

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 introduces transformative reforms aimed at fostering inclusive education in India, ensuring that every child, regardless of background, receives equitable access to quality education. This policy emphasizes providing support for socio-economically disadvantaged groups (SEDGs), including girls, children with disabilities, and marginalized communities. “NEP 2020 seeks to overhaul the traditional educational framework by promoting multilingual education, enhancing early childhood care and education (ECCE), and integrating technology to bridge educational gaps. Additionally, teacher training is prioritized to equip educators with the skills needed to create inclusive classrooms. However, despite these promising provisions, several challenges exist in the implementation, such as inadequate infrastructure, limited teacher training, and the digital divide. The policy highlights the importance of community involvement and collaboration with various stakeholders to achieve true inclusivity. This paper explores the key policies of NEP 2020 for inclusive education, the challenges of implementation, and strategies to overcome these barriers, ultimately evaluating the potential of NEP 2020 to transform India’s educational landscape into one that embraces diversity and inclusivity. The study also compares successful case studies and international best practices to provide a comprehensive understanding of how inclusive education can be effectively realized in India under the framework of NEP 2020.
Dynamic resource allocation with otpimization techniques for qos in cloud computing
Authors: V. Baby Deepa  , R. Jeya
Published: January 2025

Ensuring the quality of service (QoS) in cloud computing environments requires efficient resource allocation mechanisms to manage dynamic workloads and meet user demands. This paper proposes a dynamic resource allocation strategy that integrates gravitational search optimization (GSO) with Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) to optimize resource utilization and maintain QoS in cloud infrastructures. The proposed hybrid approach combines the global search capabilities of GSO, inspired by the law of gravity, with the exploitation and exploration strategies of HHO, mimicking the cooperative hunting behavior of Harris hawks. This synergy enables adaptive and efficient allocation of computational resources based on real-time workload fluctuations, reducing response times, minimizing energy consumption, and preventing Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations. By predicting workload variations and adjusting resource allocation dynamically, the proposed method ensures higher reliability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional resource allocation techniques. Simulation results demonstrate that the GSO-HHO-based approach outperforms conventional optimization algorithms in balancing the trade-offs between performance and resource efficiency, making it a robust solution for maintaining QoS in cloud computing environments.
Enhancing cloud efficiency: an intelligent virtual machine selection and migration approach for VM consolidation
Authors: O. Devipriya  , K. Kungumaraj
Published: January 2025

Cloud-based computing, despite its numerous benefits, frequently exerts a negative influence on the environment. The primary concern lies in the emission of greenhouse gases and the consumption of electricity by cloud data centers, which demands considerable scrutiny. Virtual machine consolidation (VM) is a widely adopted strategy aimed at achieving energy efficiency and maximizing resource utilization. The consolidation of VMs is a fundamental process in the development of a sophisticated cloud resource management system that prioritizes energy efficiency. The underlying premise is that by shifting VMs onto a reduced number of physical machines, it is possible to achieve optimization objectives, increase the utilization of cloud servers, and concurrently decrease energy consumption in cloud data centers. This proposed solution utilizes the best fit decrease (BFD) approach for VM allocation. An enhanced Greedy selection approach is proposed for VM migration, utilizing the Genetic method optimization method.
Optimization based energy aware scheduling in wireless sensor networks
Authors: M. Prabhu  , A. Chandrabose
Published: January 2025

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency is a critical factor in extending network lifetime, particularly in applications involving multiple target tracking. This paper proposes a novel approach for sleep scheduling in WSNs using ant colony optimization (ACO) to achieve energy-aware scheduling while maintaining high tracking accuracy. The proposed method models the scheduling problem as an optimization task, where ACO is employed to dynamically adjust the sleep and active states of sensor nodes based on their energy levels and target detection requirements. By optimizing node activity, the algorithm minimizes energy consumption while ensuring continuous and reliable tracking of multiple targets. Experimental results demonstrate that the ACO-based scheduling approach significantly enhances network longevity and reduces energy depletion compared to traditional scheduling techniques without compromising tracking performance. This energy-aware solution is well-suited for real-time tracking applications in resource-constrained WSN environments, providing a balance between energy conservation and tracking precision.
Cloud computing research productivity and collaboration: A scientometric perspective
Authors: V. Selvi  , T. S. Poornappriya  , R. Balasubramani
Published: January 2025

Cloud computing has emerged as a transformative technology paradigm, revolutionizing the way organizations manage and deliver IT services. As the field continues to evolve, it is essential to understand the trajectory of research and development in the cloud computing environment. This scientometric analysis explores the landscape of cloud computing research, aiming to uncover trends, key contributors, and influential research themes. This work will employ a comprehensive dataset comprising academic publications, patents, and conference proceedings spanning the last five years of data. This research work will identify a significant increase in research output in the field of Cloud Computing over the last decade, indicative of its growing importance in both academia and industry. This work will identify key contributors and institutions that have played pivotal roles in shaping the landscape of cloud computing research. Through the trend topic approach, we categorize research themes within cloud computing, shedding light on emerging areas of interest and shifts in focus. Our analysis also examines the international collaboration network within cloud computing research, illustrating the global nature of this field. This scientometric analysis serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to navigate the complex and dynamic world of cloud computing.
Smart grid precision: Evaluating machine learning models for forecasting of energy consumption from a smart grid
Authors: B. S. E. Zoraida  , J. Jasmine Christina Magdalene
Published: January 2025

The widespread adoption of smart home technologies has led to a significant increase in the generation of high-frequency energy consumption data from smart grids. Accurate forecasting of energy consumption in smart homes is crucial for optimizing resource utilization and promoting energy efficiency. This research work investigates the precision of energy consumption forecasting within a smart grid environment, employing machine learning algorithms such as convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), temporal fusion transformer (TFT) and Prophet. The CNN model extracts spatial features, while RNN and LSTM capture temporal dependencies in time series data. Prophet, recognized for handling seasonality and holidays, is included for comparative analysis. Utilizing a dataset from Pecan Street, Texas, performance metrics like mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) assess each model’s accuracy. This work aids in improving energy management systems, contributing to sustainable and efficient energy use in residential environments.
Peran Sentral Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Aparatur melalui Meritokrasi
Authors: Aminuddin Aminuddin , Rindaningsih Ida
Published: January 2025

The legal provisions that regulate the management of Civil Servants through the merit system need to be considered for their role in human resource management within the bureaucracy. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of human resource development for civil servants as a driving force in the machinery of government bureaucracy. This research employs a qualitative research method with a desk research approach, utilizing secondary data sources. The findings of the study indicate that through meritocracy, Civil Servants have the opportunity to develop themselves, protect their careers from political influence, and enhance motivation through fair recognition. Additionally, the merit system provides a clear career path, facilitates professional recruitment, and ensures efficient filling of positions. In conclusion, this will contribute to improving the quality of life for the community and creating a government that is more effective, efficient, and free from practices of corruption, collusion, and nepotism.
ՀՀ քաղաքական ապագան «լուռ բազմակողմ զարգացման» հայեցակարգի և արդի տուրբուլենտության խաչմերուկում /
Authors: Poghosyan Garik G.
Published: January 2025

The article exposes the necessity to define ‘political future’ and ‘contemporary turbulence’ in the context of the future of the Republic of Armenia. By linking geopolitical turbulence and uncertainties to political realities, the article builds its theoretical basis on the scarce existing literature deepening the conceptual foundation of the concept of political future. At the same time, it is arguably the first attempt to define ‘political future’ as a political science term in the Armenian context. In addition, the article attempts to put the future studies in the bigger picture of internal and external political dynamics. First, it briefly discusses various narratives about the future. Second, it discusses polycentrism and its implications for the future. Third, it discusses digital, global and civil dimensions of political future. Finally, it suggests the concept of ‘silent development’ as a solution to the multiplicity of risks posed by contemporary turbulence. Overall, the article is aimed at the development of a polycentric approach to future studies in which alternative notions of world orders are accepted as legitimate and necessary.
Neuromarketing as a tool for brand positioning
Authors: Copaja Arocutipa Tania Yasmina , Condori Ccosi Brenda Shumny , Romero-Carazas Rafael
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to analyze the shared perspectives on neuromarketing as a tool for brand positioning. It was based on qualitative sociological research with a phenomenological design and an inductive approach. Likewise, hermeneutics was addressed to interpret the semi-structured interviews carried out with 7 study participants, which were processed through the ATLAS.ti software. The results indicate that understanding the consumer has become a crucial challenge for companies in the current dynamic marketing environment. As a trend, neuromarketing emerged, according to the participants, as an invaluable tool to unravel the emotions, motivations, and purchasing decisions of consumers. In addition, it was found that, for the participants, neuromarketing allows businesses to develop more effective and personalized strategies. It is concluded that, unlike traditional marketing, which is limited to promoting the brand and measuring results, neuromarketing delves into the brain processes determining the final purchase decision
Cognitive behavioral interventions for emotional management in the caregiver population. A systematic review
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Lesnay , León Brito Melissa , Hernández Montes de Oca Emy Laurens , Hernández-Lugo Marena de la Caridad , Fernández Castillo Evelyn
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to examine cognitive-behavioral interventions applied to caregivers between 2012 and 2022 for the management of emotions. Scielo, Scopus, and WOS databases were searched between February and March 2023. Of 397 articles, 18 were selected for final analysis. The studies, mainly randomized controlled trials, focused on individual, face-to-face, short-term interventions. Significant improvements were observed in variables such as depression, anxiety, emotional well-being, stress, and caregiver burden. The most commonly used techniques included problem-solving, coping strategies, and breathing exercises. Virtual interventions were the most common. Cognitive-behavioral interventions have proven to be effective, with the active participation of caregivers. Virtual modalities complement traditional ones. Emotional regulation and problem-solving techniques are particularly effective. More research is needed to refine these interventions and improve caregiver well-being.
The body in the classroom: a case study on intersectionality, sexualities and human diversity in university pedagogy
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Carolina
Published: January 2025

The objective of the study was to evaluate the pedagogical experience developed in the sociology of the body and sexualities course at the Universidad Nacional in Costa Rica, as a didactic and evaluative approach strategy, which recognizes and recovers the intersectional problematization of the body as a political space. The research methodology is based on a feminist epistemological perspective, with a qualitative approach that uses the technique of documentary analysis through the case study. The main results include the assimilation of knowledge and the deepening of the intersectional perspective through the technique of open presentation; the relevance of offering a course belonging to the sociology career to students from other careers to promote the understanding of sexualities from different disciplines; as well as the opportunity for validation and recognition of human diversity to encourage dialogue and a culture of peace. It is concluded that the pedagogical proposal that places the body as the central axis, allows building an exchange of situated knowledge, which in turn problematizes the shame and violence that have been historically used in educational spaces.
Proposal for the implementation of a student mentoring program to prevent university bullying
Authors: Cedeño Sánchez Laly Viviana , Jaramillo Castellón Lourdes , Gavilanez Cedeño Laura Victoria
Published: January 2025

Bullying in higher education institutions affects both students and academic staff. Its negative consequences are observed in various spheres of life but are marked by its impact on mental health, well-being, academic performance, and social inclusion. This study presents a proposal for a student mentoring program as an innovative strategy to prevent and mitigate bullying in this environment, as well as presents the essential aspects of design and pilot application. The study had an action research design that combined a bibliographic review, student interviews, observation, and a survey for the initial diagnosis. The findings showed that student mentors strengthen a safe university environment by fostering positive interpersonal relationships, mutual respect, and peer support. The key factors identified were the training of mentors and institutional support. It is concluded that the program contributes to preventing bullying, improving the quality of university life, promoting psychological well-being, and providing the foundations for developing a culture of peace and positive coexistence.
IMPLEMENTASI PERKEMBANGAN BERBAHASA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI METODE BERCERITA DI PAUD MIFTAHUL ILMI DESA TEBING LINGGAHARA
Authors: Soybatul Aslamiah Ritonga
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan berbahasa anak usia dini melalui metode bercerita di PAUDMiftahul Ilmi Tebing Linggahara. Perkembangan berbahasa (linguistic) adalahpengolahan kata secara efektif, lisan maupun tulisan yang dikembangkan. Tujuannyaadalah menjadi komunikasi, memperluas wawasan dan intelektual dan dapatmembantu anak untuk bersosialisasi yang baik dengan lingkungan sekitar anak.Motode bercerita adalah salah satu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengembangkanberbahasa pada anak usia dini. Oleh sebab itu, maka diangkat permasalahan padapenelitian ini yaitu perkembangan berbahasa anak usia dini melalui metode berceritadi PAUD Miftahul Ilmi Desa Tebing Linggahara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakandalam menjawab penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian siswadengan jumlah 44 anak kelompok B dan guru sebanyak 4 orang, teknik pengumpulandata menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian adalahperkembangan metode bercerita sudah berkembang pada anak usia dini. Dalampelaksanaan guru sudah optimal dalam menggunakan metode bercerita. Analisisdata kualitatif bersifat induktif yaitu suatu analisis berdasarkan data yang diperoleh,kemudian dikembangkan.
THE EXISTENCE OF THE MALIND ANIM CUSTOM IN LAND USE IN IVIMAHAD VILLAGE, MERAUKE REGENCY
Authors: Kamerop Bernadetha Papuana , Sitorus Yannice Luma Marnala , Musfira Musfira
Published: January 2025

Penduduk Kampung Ivimahad masih menjalankan adat istiadat secara ketat, khususnya yang terkait dengan hak ulayat. Saat ini sebagian besar lahan sawah di Kampung Ivimahad dikelola oleh pihak luar dari kampung tetangga, yang kemudian menimbulkan konflik antar warga dalam kampung itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik tata guna lahan dan mengidentifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan lahan di Kampung Ivimahad. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan di Kampung Ivimahad digunakan sebagai tempat membangun fasilitas umum, perumahan, tempat mencari nafkah (kebun, sawah, berburu dan meramu hasil hutan) dan sebagian masih alami berupa lahan kosong dan hutan. Eksistensi adat Malind masih diakui dan diterapkan di Kampung Ivimahad, terlihat dari keseluruhan warga kampung merupakan suku Malind dan tingkat pembangunan di sana masih rendah. Ketentuan adat di Kampung Ivimahad antara lain adalah melarang pihak luar untuk bermukim di dalam kampung dan informasi batas-batas tanah adat bersifat sakral yang hanya diketahui oleh tetua adat setempat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan lahan yang juga menyebabkan lambatnya pembangunan di sana adalah: tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan warga yang rendah, khususnya dalam hal mengelola sawah, sehingga banyak lahan kebun masih diolah secara tradisional atau lahan dibiarkan kosong, tingkat ekonomi masyarakat yang rendah sementara untuk mengelola sawah memerlukan modal antara lain untuk membeli pupuk dan pestisida, serta kecemburuan sosial antar warga kampung yang tinggi ditambah lagi dengan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang batas-batas tanah adat menyebabkan mereka cenderung bersikap pasif agar tidak dianggap melanggar adat.
Treatment and Management of Chronic Cough in Children
Authors: Henry Tristan , McLaren Anya
Published: January 2025

Chronic cough (CC) in children is common and most often post-viral in nature. CC in children should be comprehensively evaluated and the underlying etiology treated to prevent irreversible lung damage. Refractory chronic cough (RCC) is proposed as a distinct clinical entity in children, which is defined by a persistent cough that does not resolve after comprehensive evaluation and adherence to systematic, guideline-based treatments. RCC may involve a heightened cough reflex sensitivity or altered neural regulation influenced by genetic, environmental, or immunologic factors. This review focuses on the definition, diagnostic approach, and evidence-based management of pediatric RCC, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach and highlighting research gaps for future targeted therapies.
Glucagon-like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists): A Powerful Addition to Foundational Therapy Kidney Care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Girard Louis P.
Published: January 2025

There has been a veritable explosion in therapeutic options for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For the past several decades, therapy for this condition has been limited to glycemic control, blood pressure control and utilization of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi’s) or angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs). Recently, the emergence of therapies with organ protective effects has completely altered the landscape of therapy and outcomes for CKD in T2DM. Specifically, several large randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the positive impact of sodium glucose luminal transporter 2(SGLT2) inhibitors on the progression of kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiovascular (CV) death, hospitalization for heart failure(HHF), all‑cause hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Furthermore, finerenone, a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (nsMRA), has also been established as a component of foundational kidney therapy in patients with T2DM. A robust clinical trial program demonstrated kidney protection, CV protection and reductions in HHF in patients with CKD and T2DM. International guidelines have been updated to incorporate these agents as standards of care in this group of patients. CKD in T2DM is a complex disease and it stands to reason that multi‑targeted therapy could result in better outcomes for patients, similar to the management of patients with chronic heart failure. Those who follow this field will have noted that GLP-1 receptor agonists are listed as a component of guideline-directed management. However, these recommendations are based on the CV protective effect of these agents. Until recently, it was not clear if GLP‑1RA’s possessed kidney protective properties. The recent publication of the FLOW trial confirms that GLP-1 receptor agonists are, in fact, kidney protective.
Monogenic and Syndromic Obesity: Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Hadjiyannakis Stasia
Published: January 2025

Obesity is a complex, progressive and relapsing neuroendocrine condition, characterized by disordered communication between the gastrointestinal tract, adipocytes and the hypothalamus. It is a heterogeneous condition with unique etiologies, broadly classified as: polygenic obesity, monogenic obesity, syndromic obesity and secondary obesity.2 The most common form of obesity is polygenic, a highly hereditable condition that involves the clustering of genes that increase the risk for obesity. This inherited genetic risk is exploited by socio-biologic exposures. Monogenic and syndromic obesity result from rare genetic mutations and are characterized by early onset severe obesity and hyperphagia. Secondary obesity may occur as a result of medication exposures, hypothalamic damage or primary endocrine disorders. Accurate classification of obesity is critical to inform surveillance and management strategies, decrease health risk and improve quality of life through newly available targeted therapies.
Front-line Treatment of Older Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Davison Kelly
Published: January 2025

The evolution of treatment for classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) represents a great success in oncology, with disease outcomes evolving from universally fatal to vastly curable. However, not all patients benefit equally from modern therapies, which include response‑adapted regimens and the addition of novel, targeted agents to the front-line setting. Although patients older than 60 years account for the later peak in cHL’s characteristic bimodal age distribution and represent approximately 20–25% of all patients with cHL, their outcomes remain inferior compared to younger patients. A retrospective study including 401 patients >60 years treated in British Columbia between 2000 and 2019 revealed modest progression‑free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival rates of 50% and 63%, respectively, with a median follow-up of nine years. While these outcomes have improved relative to cohorts treated prior to 2000, they nevertheless fall short of those experienced by younger patients. Furthermore, the gap in outcomes between young and older patients progressively worsens with each increasing age decile, with patients >70 years having a particularly poor prognosis. This shortfall has been attributed in part to patient-specific factors such as comorbidities and frailty, which may limit treatment tolerance, but also to differing disease biology, with negative prognostic features including advanced stage disease, Epstein-Barr virus positivity, and mixed cellularity histology often present in those with older age. Adding to the challenges in treating older patients is the fact that this group is frequently underrepresented in clinical trials, or excluded altogether, making their optimal treatment ill-defined.
S1PR Modulators in the Management of Ulcerative Colitis: Considerations for Practice
Authors: Hass Aaron , Amar Laetitia , Battat Robert
Published: January 2025

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators are novel oral small-molecule therapies that offer a unique profile compared to other advanced therapies in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), including oral administration, linear pharmacokinetic profiles, reduced immunogenicity, and lower costs associated with manufacturing.
The activation of S1P G-protein coupled receptors plays an inflammatory role in UC by promoting lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs into circulation and colonic mucosa. S1PR modulators lead to internalization and degradation of these receptors, thereby reducing inflammation. Ozanimod was the first S1PR modulator approved for treating moderately-to-severely active UC and is also approved for multiple sclerosis. More recently, a second agent, etrasimod, was approved for UC. Etrasimod acts on different S1PR subtypes to avoid off target vascular and cardiac effects, has no up-titration regimen during initiation, a shorter half-life and less propensity for drug interactions. This review summarizes clinical trial and real-world data and provides guidance on the clinical uses of S1PR modulators.
A Review of Pediatric to Adult Transition of Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bollegala Natasha
Published: January 2025

Canada is reported to have one of the highest rates of both incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Benchimol et al. conducted a population-based cohort study from 1999-2008 using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada, and reported that the prevalence of IBD in Canada in 2008 was 534.3 per 100,000 people (68,017 affected individuals among 12,738,350 Ontario residents). Between 1999 and 2008, the incidence of IBD increased annually in children under the age of 10 (9.7% per year, p<0.0001) and in those aged 10-19 (3.8% per year, p<0.0001).
Coward et al. published a similar population based health administrative data study using data from eight provinces in Canada. In this study the national incidence of IBD was estimated to be 29.9 per 100,000 (95% PI 28.3-31.5) in 2023.ll The incidence of IBD in pediatric patients was found to be increasing (average annual percentage change (AAPC) 1.27%; 95% CI 0.82-1.67). The prevalence of IBD was 843 per 100,000 (95% PI 716-735) in 2023 with forecasted increases (AAPC 2.43%;95% CI 2.32-2.54). In pediatric patients the prevalence in 2023 was 82 (95% PI 77-88) and the forecasted AAPC was 1.91 (1.46-2.31).
According to the 2023 Impact of IBD in Canada Report by Crohn’s and Colitis Canada, an estimated 322,600 Canadians are living with IBD, with 11,000 new diagnoses expected in 2023.
The global incidence and prevalence of IBD has been rising. In 2011, Benchimol et al. published a systematic review detailing international trends in IBD. The review demonstrated a 60% increase in Crohn’s disease (CD) and a 20% increase in ulcerative colitis (UC) across both developing and developed countries. Benchimol et al. also published the results of a health administrative data analysis evaluating children with a diagnosis of IBD between 1999-2010 across five Canadian provinces, which together account for 79.2% of the Canadian population. They reported that incidence of IBD in children aged five and under increased during the study period (annual percentage increase [APC] +7.19%; 95% CI, +2.82% to +11.56%). The prevalence of IBD also increased significantly during the study period (APC+4.56%; 95% CI, +3.71% to +5.42%).
The Family Physician’s Unique Role in Heart Failure Management
Authors: Chua Grace L.
Published: January 2025

Heart failure (HF) is an epidemic with a prognosis that is worse than some cancers. Prevention, early diagnosis, coordination, and implementation of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) are imperative to stem this tsunami wave.  The family physician stands in a unique, critical, and first-line position to be able to offer all 3. Their understanding and implementation of these roles are crucial for success in the battle against HF. This review offers a perspective on the role of family physicians in managing HF.
Imaging Considerations for Adnexal Masses
Authors: Chawla Tanya
Published: January 2025

Adnexal masses are commonly found during routine imaging of the pelvis and can be seen in up to 4-5% of asymptomatic women undergoing pelvic ultrasound (US). These masses encompass a range of pathologies from both gynecologic and non-gynecologic origins and can either be benign or malignant.
In Canada the lifetime risk for ovarian cancer is 1.7%. There are approximately 3,100 cases per annum in Canada with 2,000 deaths. Despite its low prevalence, ovarian malignancy is a leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of 47%. Imaging plays an integral role in the detection, characterization, and appropriate triage of adnexal masses.
The majority of adnexal masses are benign and can be managed conservatively. For the smaller minority of malignant lesions, accurate characterization with early triage to a gynecological oncology centre has an impact on oncological outcomes, and reduces the risk of re-operation and the time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy. Conversely, inappropriate surgical triage of benign masses can have an adverse impact on patient morbidity, compromise fertility, and increase cause-specific death for a variety of conditions, including a range of malignancies and cardiovascular diseases.
Menopausal Symptoms in the Workplace and an Update on Treatment Options
Authors: Mills Kelsey E.
Published: January 2025

Women in midlife comprise an integral component of the Canadian workforce. The Menopause Foundation of Canada (MFC) recently completed a landmark cross-national survey of Canadian women aged 40–60. This study found that 46% of surveyed participants felt unprepared for perimenopause/menopause and that 4 in 10 participants felt their symptoms were undertreated by their healthcare provider. Fewer than 25% of respondents said their family physician proactively discussed menopause with them.
KASAGADAN HU PAMUHAT: THE SEMIOTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE RITUAL OF THE DULANGAN HIGAONON
Authors: Vacalares Sophomore Talle
Published: January 2025

Pamuhat, or ritual, has been part of the unique customary and cultural heritage of the Indigenous People’s (IP) practice. Higaonon is the least known ethnic group in the province of Misamis Oriental. This study interprets the pamuhat or ritual performed by the baylan using Halliday’s meta-functional approach with Peirce’s theory of signs (triad approach) as adopted by Lemke’s semiotic framework and Althusser’s Concept of Ideology. A qualitative research method was employed to explore the symbolic meaning of various ritual objects and elements. Through immersion in multiple rituals, common objects such as tilad (betel nut, leaf, and ash), lugbak (offering of coins), and manok (chicken) were identified as key offerings to magbabaya, deities, and spirits around. These symbols, when arranged on the panlapnay (white cloth), form a cohesive structure that conveys meaning akin to a text. The study determined three meta-functions within the ritual: ideational (the pamuhat portrays a positive image in the Dulangan Higaonon community), interpersonal (the hierarchical structure of gods and deities reflects cultural practices), and textual (integration of words, gestures, spatial arrangements, and objects). Furthermore, it was determined that the pamuhat's interrelated beliefs and practices were established by the religious ideologies; nonconformity may result in the consequences of neglecting offerings and the significance of spirits. The study recommends further analysis of prayer speech acts to explore the cohesiveness of symbols and language of the baylan and suggests comparing other tribal practices to enhance understanding of cultural differences.
A Comparative Assessment Between Gel Card and Conventional Tube Method for Blood Cross Matching at Blood Bank of Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore
Authors: Saeed Naureen , Akhtar Asma , Fakhra Hafiza , Muzaffar Ahsen , Mughal Zunairah , Tariq Tariq Mahmud
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective: Blood grouping and Cross match is a critical procedure in blood banks with significant implications for patient safety during blood transfusions. Cross match plays a pivotal role in safeguarding patients undergoing blood transfusions, ensuring that the transfused blood is compatible, and minimizing the risk of adverse reactions. The Gel card technique, a recent innovation in blood bank practices, is distinguished by its exceptional sensitivity and accuracy in delivering results. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the Gel card technique with the traditional saline tube method in the context of blood bank cross matching.Methods: A cross sectional study was performed at blood bank of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from January 2021 to June 2021. Cross match of 500 samples was performed using both the traditional tube method and the advanced gel card technique. Data were entered in SPSS and the results of both tests were compared.Results: In this study, 500 blood samples from patients were analyzed. The frequency distribution among males and females showed 42.6% (n=213) and 57.4% (n=287), respectively. ABO blood group distribution revealed B-positive in 38% (n=190), O-positive in 24% (n=120), A-positive in 20% (n=100), AB-positive in 7.6% (n=38), and B-negative in 1.8% (n=09), A -negative in 1.2% (n=06) and O-negative in 7.4% (n=37)of the blood samples submitted to blood bank for cross match . During the cross-match procedure using both Conventional Tube Test (CTT) and gel card technique, 497 recipient samples were found compatible with the donor, while 3 samples were incompatible with the recipient sample. Both the manual cross-match technique (CTT) and the gel card cross-match technique demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, indicating perfect concordance in correctly identifying all compatible and incompatible casesConclusion: The Conventional Tube method for cross-match is comparable to the gel card technique in terms of sensitivity and specificity while performing pre transfusion testing in blood bank .However, Conventional Tube testing is economical and can still be utilized in low-budget; resource-limited laboratories with good results, provided performers are trained and skilled.Keyword: Gel card technology, Conventional tube technique, Blood grouping and Cross match, Blood transfusion
Comparison of Missing Data Handling Methods and Forecasting of Broiler Egg Prices Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average
Authors: Dion Shelly Selgiant , Rohaeti Embay , Widyastiti Maya
Published: January 2025

Fluctuations in the price of broiler eggs can have an impact on decreasing people's purchasing power, so a form of price control through forecasting is needed. The existence of missing data in broiler egg price data can interfere with the accuracy of forecasting results. This research is carried out in two stages. The first stage is handling missing data. Missing data handling is done by comparing two methods, namely the linear interpolation method and the simple moving average (SMA) method. The second stage is forecasting with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. The objectives of this study are to handle missing data on the data of broiler egg prices with linear interpolation and SMA methods, evaluate the results of the comparison of missing data handling methods, forecast future broiler egg prices, and evaluate the results of forecasting. The data used is daily data on the price of broiler eggs in Bogor Regency / City in the period January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023, as much as 1,826 data. The results of the comparison of missing data handling methods showed that the linear interpolation method is declared better with an accuracy value using MAPE of 0.005%. The results of forecasting the price of broiler eggs show that the forecasting results with the ARIMA (1,1,3) model follow the actual data pattern, with a MAPE accuracy value of 0.601%; it is stated that the forecasting performance has performed well.
Hospital Digital Marketing: Challenges and Adaptations in Facing Competition in Indonesia
Authors: Sulaiman Benedict , Darmayanti Ni Putu Diah Utami , Faridah Iva Nur
Published: January 2025

The global healthcare industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by technological advancements and evolving patient expectations. This study aims to analyze the challenges and adaptations of digital marketing strategies in Indonesian hospitals, emphasizing the transformative impact of digital platforms like YouTube and Instagram on patient engagement and healthcare service delivery. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews with hospital stakeholders, document analysis, and observations of digital practices. The findings highlight that effective digital marketing strategies improve hospital visibility and patient relationships, while challenges such as fragmented health data, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient regulations hinder progress. The study concludes that addressing these challenges through targeted investments and comprehensive legal frameworks can significantly enhance the global competitiveness of Indonesian hospitals. These insights offer practical implications for adopting ethical and sustainable digital marketing practices in the healthcare sector.
Endomarketing para El Liderazgo y Optimización de Resultados en la Gestión del Talento Humano
Authors: Alicia Jacqueline Miranda Valle
Published: January 2025

Potencializar las estrategias de valoración y percepción de los colaboradores respecto a su bienestar personal y profesional representa un desafío para las organizaciones, especialmente cuando se desconoce el efecto positivo sobre la rentabilidad y sostenibilidad empresarial. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar las diversas teorías y propuestas científicas, existentes a la luz del estudio de Endomarketing como una herramienta clave para el Liderazgo en la gestión del Talento Humano y la Optimización de Resultados, como un aporte a nuevas formas de atraer, gestionar, retener y desarrollar el talento dentro de las instituciones.1ar su impacto en todos los estudiantes.