bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adding the “Digital Layer”
Authors: Hicks Troy
Published: July 2013

Opportunities for teachers to engage in professional development that leads to substantive change in their instructional practice are few, yet the National Writing Project (NWP) provides one such “transformational” experience through their summer institutes (Whitney, 2008). Also, despite recent moves in the field of English education to integrate digital writing into teacher education and K-12 schools (NWP, et al., 2010), professional development models that support teachers’ “technological pedagogical content knowledge” (Mishra & Koehler, 2008) related to teaching digital writing are few. This case study documents the experience of one teacher who participated in an NWP summer institute with the author, himself a teacher educator and site director interested in technology and writing. Relying on evidence from her 2010 summer experience, subsequent work with the writing project, and an interview from the winter of 2013, the author argues that an integrative, immersive model of teaching and learning digital writing in the summer institute led to substantive changes in her classroom practice and work as a teacher leader. Implications for teacher educators, researchers, and educational policy are discussed.
Creating Multimodal Texts in the Classroom
Authors: Zammit Katina
Published: July 2013

Drawing upon literature, this chapter investigates what changes occur to teaching practices when teachers incorporate the creation of multimodal texts, mediated by technology, into their classroom curriculum, and what influence these changes have on student outcomes. The shifts in teaching practices identified include explicit teaching of different semiotic modes to create a text, the inclusion of authentic tasks for creating multimodal texts, the use of a collaborative approach to the construction of a text, and changes to assessment practices. The influence on students’ outcomes relate to learning of content, knowledge, skills, and level of engagement in learning.
Networked Compositional Ecologies
Authors: Ellis Reuben J.
Published: July 2013

Based on a description of the built and networked ecologies of urban infrastructure, this chapter reflects on how the interdependent and interactive elements of multimodal composition can be productively understood metaphorically and practically as infrastructure. The argument advanced here is that this framing of multimodal composition provides an adaptive theoretical model adequately flexible to adjust to emergent communicative modes and technologies and move beyond advocacy and rationale to a description of how multimodal composition, regardless of the specific media deployed, develops particular kinds of deployments and effects. It further suggests how infrastructure can help define certain characteristics of the multimodal text, in particular: (1) the linkage of rhetorical elements, (2) the location of the text, (3) the capacity for nonlinearity, and (4) the affinity for transdisciplinary ways of knowing. This understanding suggests heuristic approaches to multimodal invention and design and finally the relationship between composition and committed and imaginative knowledge.
Teachers’ Lesson Design as Remix
Authors: Dalton Bridget , Smith Blaine E.
Published: July 2013

Integrating literacy, technology, pedagogy, and content is challenging for secondary education teachers. The authors propose remix as a useful representation of the lesson composing practices that teachers engage in as they combine and manipulate digital resources to create Internet-based learning experiences. This study examines 34 teachers’ lesson designs composed with a free authoring tool that scaffolds the embedding of Internet resources and pedagogical agents. Lessons designed for students in grades 6-12 and published to a public database are analyzed for design orientation, goals, reading strategies, and pedagogical agent use. Design orientations include immersing students in a multimodal experience to enhance content and literacy, providing access to primary documents, and developing Web evaluation skills and media literacy. The pedagogical focus of the authoring tool is reflected in teachers’ remix of strategy prompts and pedagogical agents, with a majority customizing coaching scripts to support online reading. Consistent with the results of Dalton and Smith’s 2012 study of lessons designed for elementary grade students, these findings provide additional support for the design and use of smart authoring tools scaffold teachers as designers who remix digital content and pedagogy to create productive online literacy and learning experiences for their students and for each other.
Considering Design
Authors: Husbye Nicholas E. , Rust Julie
Published: July 2013

Technology continues to change the possibilities for text creation within the classroom, promoting student engagement in multimodal text production. Such a shift requires corresponding shifts in assessment discourses, from a justification for assigning a particular grade to a reflection of both the students’ learning and intention. This chapter presents insights from classroom researchers as they engage in multimodal text creation with both elementary and secondary students, highlighting the tensions present in attempting multimodal text creation with students while attempting to adapt print-centric assessment models. This work suggests a needed move away from traditional assessment tools, such as rubrics, and an increased awareness on behalf of teachers in regards to the intentions of students within the multimodal text creation process.
Teaching Writing in the “Techno-Zone”
Authors: Foley Leslie , Guzzetti Barbara , Agnello Mary Frances , Lesley Mellinee
Published: July 2013

Grounded in teacher research (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 1992), this study is designed to respond to the call to investigate the impact of incorporating new digital media on young students’ engagement and performance in academic writing (Lankshear & Knobel, 2003). In doing so, the authors address two central and related questions. First, what is the impact of digital storytelling on primary grade students’ motivation for writing and their writing skills and abilities within a process approach to writing? Second, in what ways do young children develop their identities as authors through digital storytelling? Data analysis reveals three themes that provide evidence of the power of digital storytelling to motivate and engage students in generating personal narratives and developing their writing and fluency skills within the five stages of the writing process. Implications for engaging in research over technology-integrated pedagogy are discussed.
Writing from and with Community Knowledge
Authors: Ghiso María Paula , Martínez-Álvarez Patricia , Dernikos Bessie P.
Published: July 2013

This chapter draws from a primarily qualitative study with two first grade dual language classrooms over the course of a semester. The authors detail how multimodal writing engagements provide an avenue for Latino young children, whose language and knowledge is often devalued in schools, to reframe their community experiences at the center of academic inquiry. Through the medium of photography, children are able to enact agency to position the multiple contexts they navigate—marked by linguistic dynamism and diverse transnational experiences—as resources that could expand conceptions of school-based literacy practices.
Writing Remixed
Authors: Johnson Lindy L. , Smagorinsky Peter
Published: July 2013

This case study describes the creation of a digital multimodal poem by Mara, a preservice English Education teacher at a large state namesake university located in the Southeastern United States. Drawing on sociocultural perspectives broadly and New Literacies Studies specifically (Gee, 2012; Lankshear & Knobel, 2003; The New London Group, 1996), this study uses multimodal discourse analysis (Jewitt, 2006; Lemke, 1998; O’Halloran, 2009) as a tool to analyze how one preservice teacher’s multimodal composition affected her concept of new literacies. To investigate what Mara learned through the multimodal composing process, the authors analyze three sources of data: a) Mara’s multimodal composition, b) Mara’s written reflection about her composing practices written immediately after she had created her multimodal composition, and c) a ninety-minute interview with Mara using photo-elicitation techniques. Findings indicate that multimodal composing practices can potentially take advantage of the relation between cognition and affect, and do so using cultural means of codification that are both inscribed by textual authors and encoded by acculturated readers. Such experiences and affordances of electronic devices, a trend that is likely to grow as technology continues to advance and become pervasive in the lives of succeeding generations.
Picturing English Language Learning Youths’ and Pre-Service Teachers’ Perspectives on School
Authors: Zenkov Kristien , Ewaida Marriam , Bell Athene , Lynch Megan
Published: July 2013

The authors used photovoice and Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods to explore youths’ perspectives on school, literacy, teaching, curricula, and learning for nearly a decade. While in their previous photo elicitation studies they paid attention to the literacy and general school experiences of diverse middle and high school students, they have never simultaneously explored the points of view of the Pre-Service Teachers (PSTs) who will one day serve these young people in the classrooms where they will meet. Because of the dual roles of teachers and the fact that middle and high school classrooms continue to grow more diverse, and because so many of these young people struggle to achieve in the classroom and recognize writing activities and school in general as relevant to their present and future lives, the authors have begun to explore—and compare—the results of visual sociological explorations conducted with both adolescents and these PSTs. In this chapter, they describe the findings of a photography and literacy intervention that viewed youth as valid authorities on their school and writing experiences. They also called on a population of pre-service teachers to both address questions of the purposes of, supports for, and impediments to school, and then to facilitate this inquiry with approximately 100 diverse middle and high school students. The authors’ analyses of students’ and future teachers’ visual and written responses suggest important insights regarding multimodal composition and general teaching and writing pedagogies. With examples of youths’ and pre-service teachers’ image/reflection combinations, the authors introduce three findings themes and detail writing instruction curricula and pedagogies that address each theme.
“I Want Them to Feel the Fear…”
Authors: Lee Clifford H. , Garcia Antero D.
Published: July 2013

By utilizing digital tools that are nearly ubiquitous in the lives of youth, writing teachers can leverage these practices for developing traditional English language arts instruction and skills proposed by state and federal standards. In this chapter, the authors propose how the development of computational literacies through multimodal writing and video game design can help guide critical and academic development in an inner-city Los Angeles public school. In a research project where high school youth designed and created (programmed) a video game about an issue significant in their lives, students demonstrated their critical computational literacies, a concept that blends the critical consciousness of critical literacy and the skills and concepts behind computational thinking. Critical computational literacy offers the ability to integrate two seemingly divergent fields. By using these new media tools, students developed a more expansive and sophisticated way to communicate their ideas. This has significant possibilities for the English Language Arts, where most K-12 state standards still relegate students’ literacies to over-indulgence of traditional means of reading and writing of text. In an ever-evolving culture that increasingly places more significance on visual, auditory, and textual stimuli through multimodal media on computers and mobile devices (Hull & Nelson, 2005; Jenkins, 2006; Kress, 2010), schools must educate students to critically “read” messages in the media, and in turn become effective producers of these tools of communication (Alvermann, et al., 1999; Margolis, 2008; Morrell, 2008). This research shows students engaged in deep, reflective processes in the production of their multimodal texts.
Ontology-Supported Design of Domain-Specific Languages
Authors: Dávid István , Gönczy László
Published: July 2013

This chapter introduces a novel approach for design of Domain-Specific Languages (DSL). It is very common in practice that the same problems emerge in different application domains (e.g. the modeling support for complex event processing is desirable in the domain of algorithmic trading, IT security assessment, robust monitoring, etc.). A DSL operates in one single domain, but the above-mentioned cross-domain challenges raise the question: is it possible to automate the design of DSLs which are so closely related? This approach demonstrates how a family of domain-specific languages can be developed for multiple domains from a single generic language metamodel with generative techniques. The basic idea is to refine the targeted domain with separating the problem domain from the context domain. This allows designing a generic language based on the problem and customizing it with the appropriate extensions for arbitrary contexts, thus defining as many DSLs and as many contexts as one extends the generic language for. The authors also present an ontology-based approach for establishing context-specific domain knowledge bases. The results are discussed through a case study, where a language for event processing is designed and extended for multiple context domains.
Model-Driven Data Warehouse Automation
Authors: Essaidi Moez , Osmani Aomar , Rouveirol Céline
Published: July 2013

Transformation design is a key step in model-driven engineering, and it is a very challenging task, particularly in context of the model-driven data warehouse. Currently, this process is ensured by human experts. The authors propose a new methodology using machine learning techniques to automatically derive these transformation rules. The main goal is to automatically derive the transformation rules to be applied in the model-driven data warehouse process. The proposed solution allows for a simple design of the decision support systems and the reduction of time and costs of development. The authors use the inductive logic programming framework to learn these transformation rules from examples of previous projects. Then, they find that in model-driven data warehouse application, dependencies exist between transformations. Therefore, the authors investigate a new machine learning methodology, learning dependent-concepts, that is suitable to solve this kind of problem. The experimental evaluation shows that the dependent-concept learning approach gives significantly better results.
Cause Analysis and Processing of Propylene Gas Compressor Bearing Vibration
Authors: Cao Hui , Liu Yan , Lin Chang Ji
Published: July 2013

In certain company, propylene gas centrifugal compressor is one of the core units of ethylene cracker. The machine has been running smoothly since put into operation, its bearing system never appeared abnormal. In October 2011, the low pressure side of bearing started to show abnormal vibration, as time move on, the vibration values showed an upward trend, which reached 45um by the end of November. This abnormal vibration brings significant hazards to the safe operation of the device, and could affect the normal production of the cracker and its downstream units and lead to huge loss. Therefore, to eliminate hidden dangers and ensure safe production, the device was disassembled and checked. After analysis, it was found that, the fundamental reason for bearing vibration was static corrosion. Measures like process operation adjustment were adopted, which solved the vibration problem completely and provided guarantee for the long period safe operation of the device.
Arc Fault Recognition Method Using Box Dimension and Information Dimension as Discriminating Features
Authors: Ma Shao Hua , Bao Jie Qiu , Cai Zhi Yuan , Guo Jia Wen
Published: July 2013

This paper put forward to the fractal theory into electrical safety protection system as the arc fault recognition method.This paper took the phase plane figure of the arc fault current waveform in electric lines as fractal figure and analyzed processing method of two-dimensional fractal figure in the fractal theory.This paper studied the box dimension of the fractal figure and dual graphics features reflected by information dimension which is used to identify the arc fault.This paper studied the fast calculation method of box dimension and information dimension,and applied MATLAB software to calculate the box dimension and message dimension of current phase plane figure.The simulated results test the feasibility and effectiveness of fractal theory applied in this field.
Research on Temperature and Deformation Distributions of Scroll Compressor Plates
Authors: Zhao Yuan Yang , Liu Yun Xia , Yang Qi Chao , Wang Le , Li Lian Sheng
Published: July 2013

When scroll compressors are operated, the heat and force loads acting on scroll plates result in the deformation of them. The temperature distribution and deformations of scroll plates were researched in this paper. The simulation results show that the maximum temperatures of scroll plates are at the center of scroll profiles. And there are the maximum axial deformation values at the center of scroll profiles. The maximum radial and axial fit clearances of compressor are 59.5μm and 38.8μm respectively.
Research on Ultrasonic Testing Technology for Polyethylene Pipe Hot-Melting Welded Joints
Authors: Xia Fu Yong , Li Wei Zhong , Liu Yan Lei
Published: July 2013

Due to the advantages of corrosion resistance, no scaling, light weight, polyethylene pipes are widely used in low pressure gas networks and their safety has also been duly noted. As for heat fusion welding of PE pipeline connectors, there is no effective means of detection internally. In this paper, welding specimens were tested under the condition of normal conditions, low melting temperature, low pressure, low heating time melts, underwater welding by the United States imported equipment based on the echo pulse method of ultrasonic testing technology. Comparing with the results of related conditions of tensile tests, this paper found that ultrasound can effectively identify internal defects of hot-melt connectors. And there is a corresponding relationship between the ultrasonic system evaluation grades and the elongation at break, the higher the level, the lower the elongation at break. Related research results can provide the basis for the establishment of PE pipe ultrasonic non-destructive testing inspection standards.
Fractal Analysis of Effective Permeability for Meter Fluid
Authors: Yun Mei Juan
Published: July 2013

The Meter fluid is the representative fluid which may be reduced to the Reiner-Philippoff, Ellis and Newtonian fluids in appropriate conditions. Fractal models for flow rate, velocity and effective permeability for Meter fluid in a capillary are proposed based on the fractal properties of tortuous capillary. There are no empirical constant and all parameters in the proposed expressions have clear physical meaning. The proposed models are expressed as functions of relate the properties of Meter fluid to the structural parameters of fractal capillary. It is shown that the effective permeability increases with the increase of pressure gradient and decreases with the increase of tortuosity fractal dimension. The analytical expressions help to reveal the physical principles for Meter and other non-Newtonian fluid flow.
Affection of High Sulfur and Naphthenic Acid Crude Oil Acted on Refinery Equipment
Authors: Wang Zheng Fang
Published: July 2013

Introduced the characters of crude oils containing sulfur and naphthenic acid, analyzed the corrosion and safety of this kind of oil acted on refinery equipment, investigated the corrosion on oil atmospheric and vacuum distillation equipment, delayed coking unit and gas desulphurization unit. Tabled a proposal to forecast life of the device using risk based inspection and grey system theory, assured the equipment to run long-term and safety.
Corrosion Behavior for Water Wall Tube Material of 600MW Supercritical Thermal Power Units
Authors: Lu Guo Hua , Jiao Xiao Cui , Ma Cun Ren , Su Wei , Chen Tian Sheng , Zhu Zhi Ping
Published: July 2013

The influence of chloride ions and sulfate ions on 15CrMoG and 12Cr1MoVG respectively in the simulated Oxygenated Treatment water chemistry conditions with SO42- and Cl- of different concentrations is studied by using polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and high temperature coupon tests. The results show that under the experiment condition of room temperature, the two materials are very prone to corrode in solutions containing SO42- and Cl- and the corrosion rate is enhanced with increasing SO42- and Cl- concentration. The corrosion resistance of 15CrMoG is stronger than 12Cr1MoVG for SO42- and Cl-. The corrosivity on 15CrMoG and 12Cr1MoVG of SO42- is lower than Cl-. Under high temperature conditions, the corrosion resistance of 15CrMoG stronger than 12Cr1MoVG in SO42- solutions.
Research and Application of Compound CNC Five Axis Five Linkage Milling-Grinding-All-in-One Machine
Authors: Zhong Zhen Yu , Guo Ze Yi , Lei Huan , Kuang Bo
Published: July 2013

Lightweight sections are widely used in furniture, but the manufacturing procedure for these irregular shaped wood workpieces is very complex. Domestic workers usually use manual equipment to do the milling and then grinding and polishing step by step, with quite low efficiency. So author of this article develops a compound CNC five axes five linkage milling-grinding-all-in-one machine to realize once-molding of wood sections automatically, which will increase efficiency by 200%. The article introduces the structure of the machine and then discusses some key technology in the processing. For example, how to do graphics pretreatment and reorder processing path, and how to keep smooth processing speed during the multi-axis working, in order to avoid the problem of workpiece being scratched or burned out.
The Correction Methods of Morphology on Uneven Lighting Pavement Image
Authors: Jin Shou Feng , Hu Yong Biao , Tian Ming Rui
Published: July 2013

The pavement image collected under the natural light, often exist the uneven background grayscale , it affects the subsequent image processing. For this reason, this paper puts forward an image correction method that is based on the morphology. The method get the uneven background light image through the morphology opening operation for the original image , then subtracting the background from the original image and eliminate the influence of the uneven background. Due to the difference image has the low contrast ratio, this paper improves the contrast ratio of the difference image by the contrast enhancement algorithm. Experimental results show that the method can correction the uneven lighting image , and improve the contrast ratio of the image. The Project was Supported by the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang'an University (CHD2010ZY011)
Design and Application of Motormeter Based on CAN Bus Technology
Authors: Yang An Jie , Liu Yu Xi
Published: July 2013

This paper introduces CAN bus communication principle and different designing kinds of automobile hardware modules. The research and application of motormeter based on CAN bus technology has been put forward. It takes the micro-control unit (MCU) P87C591 as its core , the stepping motor and LCD as its hardware platform, so as to achieve the data received and send based on the CAN bus. The anti-jamming of this system is analyzed and designed because of the complexity working environment of the automotive. The information technology, control technology, as well as the CAN bus and vehicle safety monitoring technology are integrated in automobile instrument cluster. The system is designed to reflect real-time vehicle operating conditions by reading, processing and displaying the data from each sensor on the CAN bus.
The Application of ROV for the Subsea Christmas Tree Installation in the LiWan3-1 Deepwater Oilfield
Authors: Zhang Jin Gan , Zheng Hui , Bu Jian Gen , Li Cheng Gang
Published: July 2013

Chinas offshore oil and gas has been developed from shallow water to deep water. Subsea production facilities play more and more role in deepwater oil and gas fields, in which Christmas tree is the key equipment to control and regulate the oil well production of deepwater production systems, but it has great installation costs and risk. For complex underwater environment, it is necessary to find a best way to install the Christmas tree securely and rapidly. ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) is wildly used in the field of offshore oil, especially in deep water for its large working depth, safe, efficient and other characteristics, and it has become an indispensable tool for development of deep-sea oil and gas. In one Christmas tree installation at Liwan3-1 deepwater oilfield, the ROV succeeded in assisting the installation of Christmas tree. The solutions for winding and wrong operation risk in installation process are given in the end.
Synthesis and Application of Titanate Nanotubes
Authors: Deng Qi Xin , Huang Chao Zhang , Xie Wei , Xu Han Chun , Wei Ming Deng
Published: July 2013

Titanate nanotubes were synthesized by a hydrothermal route. The synthesized nanotubes were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM measurements, which exhibit highly crystalline. After it was introduced into cigarette filter, tar and nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoke can be reduced efficiently.
Microstructure and Microtexture Evolution during Batch Annealing of Warm-Rolled Ti-IF Steel Sheets
Authors: Han Fu Tao , Wang Zuo Cheng , Jing Cai Nian , Liu Xiao Min , Su Jie , Zhang Shao Yan
Published: July 2013

Microstructure and microtexture evolution during batch annealing of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets were investigated in this paper. It was founded that α fiber texture and the relatively weak γ fiber texture were formed in warm-rolled and air-cooled Ti-IF steel sheets. In the early stage of recrystallization, the {111} recrystallization texture was formed from the deformed {111} grains in warm-rolled Ti-IF steels. In the later stage of recrystallization, the α fiber texture was consumed and the γ fiber texture in recrystallized grains was further developed. The main recrystallization texture characteristics of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets had been decided in the early stages of recrystallization, and the oriented nucleation mechanism played a leading role in the formation of recrystallization texture in warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO-Volcanics Composites
Authors: Wang Ai Hua , Che Ping , Liu Jie Min , Wang Gui Hua
Published: July 2013

in this paper, nano-ZnO were synthesized via a sol-gel method, and ZnO-volcanics composites (ZVCs) were prepared via physical adsorption process. The morphology and structure of ZnO/ ZnO-volcanics composites (ZVCs) samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).BET surface areas of the catalysts were determined by N2 adsorption (BET). According the data of XRD, the average grain size of ZnO is 15.1 nm consistent with the result observed by TEM (16.3 nm). Photocatalytic performance of ZnO and ZVCs were carried out in sprinkling photocatalytic reactor, with methylene blue (MB) as pollutants model. Decolorization rate is select as the evaluation parameters for the degradation effect. The effect of catalyst dosage, MB initial concentration, calcination temperature and pH on the degradation efficiency have been investigated. The MB degradation efficiency was 99.2% when the concentration of MB, the ZVCs, the pH and the calcination temperature were 10 mg/L, 20 g/L, and 10.03, 500 oC respectively. In the catalysts recycle experiments, the decolorization rate of MB using ZVCs is 90.2% after utilization for six times, overwhelmingly higher than that of ZnO (22.6%), indicating immobilization is efficient.
A Spiro [Fluorene-9, 9’-Xanthene]-Based Host Material for Efficient Green and Blue Phosphorescent OLED
Authors: Ni Ye Ren , Su Hai Quan , Huang Wei , Zhao Jian Feng , Qian Yan , Xie Ling Hai , Xie Guo Hua , Zhao Yi
Published: July 2013

A spiro [fluorene-9,9-xanthen-based host material SFX-PF, without possessing conventional hole-or electron-transporting units, has been demonstrated to be host material for efficient and low voltage green phosphorescent organic light-emitting device (PHOLED). This compound showed good thermal stability with high glass transition temperatures (Tg) at 172 °C. The green device exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 3 V, and maximum current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 47.9 cd/A, 45.4 lm/W, and 13.2%, respectively. At the luminance level of 1000 cd/m2, the driving voltages are still lower than 4 V with 15.9% roll-off in the EQE. In addition, SFX-PF can also host Fir6 with the blue device exhibiting a low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V and maximum current efficiency, power efficiency, and EQE up to 12.8 cd/A, 11.3 lm/W, and 7.5%, respectively. Based on our present and previous studies, it can be concluded that SFX could serve as a new building block for designing blue and green phosphorescent host materials.
Prepare of the New Structure PbTiO3 Nanowires and the Study of the Reversible Bending
Authors: Wang Jiang , Li Jian , Wang You Wen
Published: July 2013

When the self-made with Teflon lined with stainless steel reaction kettle is used to produce PbTiO3 nanowires with the adoption of hydrothermal reaction , PbTiO3 nanowires with new structure can be made when Pb/Ti equals 2.2. Observed through the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the bending feature of the PbTiO3 nanowires can be observed for several times when X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) are used to analyse and test the crystal structure of the nanowires. The result of the study shows that the degree of the bending of the PbTiO3 nanowires varies with the intensity of the electron beam from the Transmission Electron Microscopy, and its process can be reversible.
Determination of Orientation Relationship between TiC and Ti2CS in a Ti-Containing Steel by TEM
Authors: Luo Qing Hong , Liu De Lu , Li Chun Zhi
Published: July 2013

The orientation relationship between TiC and Ti2CS in a Ti-containing weathering-resistance steel were observed by TEM technology and X-ray energy dispersive spectrum (EDS). The results showed that many tiny TiC (titanium carbide) were forming on Ti2CS (titanium carbide sulfide), which precipitates on relatively higher temperature than TiC, The orientation relationship between TiC and Ti2CS is ; . The epitaxial growth is important mechanisms for titanium carbide forming in steels.
Photocatalytic Performance of SnO2 Prepared by Different Precipitants
Authors: Huang Sheng Tian , Zhong Jun Bo , Li Jian Zhang , Hu Wei
Published: July 2013

Parallel flow precipitation has been employed to prepare nanostructured SnO2. It is found that the specific surface areas and photocatalytic performance of SnO2 has a strong dependence on the kind of precipitant. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and SEM. The results show that SnO2 prepared by NH3·H2O + (NH4)2CO3 has the highest BET surface area and the smallest crystal average size. SnO2 prepared by NH3·H2O + (NH4)2CO3 exhibits the best photocatalytic activity. The results of further experiments show that the specific surface area plays an important role in promotion of photocatalytic activity of SnO2 prepared by NH3·H2O + (NH4)2CO3.
Self-Assembly Micro-Nanostructures of Discotic Organic Molecules
Authors: Mi Yong Sheng , Yang Zhou , Wang Dong , Liang Peng Xia , Jin Zhao Kui
Published: July 2013

A series of discotic organic molecules with different substituents have been successfully synthesized. The structures of these compounds were fully characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and MS. Their optical and electrical properties were investigated by means of Uv-vis absorption, fluorescence emission and cyclic voltammogram. By exploring the self-assembly behavior of different substituted discotic molecules through method of solvent exchange-evaporation, organic micro-nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanorods were obtained through supramolecular self-assembly. In order to investigate the applications of these discotic organic molecules, the relationship of molecular design, structural design and material properties has been studied based on the experimental work.
Experimental Study on Combustion Characteristics of Grease Attached on Oxygen Cylinder in High-Pressure Oxygen
Authors: Zeng Guo Hui , Zhang Li Jing , Tao Gang , Zhang Liang
Published: July 2013

The possible reasons of an explosion during the process of filling oxygen cylinder were analyzed in this article. And finding the grease in the cylinder may be the main cause of this incident. Using three kinds of lubricating oil as the experimental grease were experimented in combustion reaction under different pressure of oxygen by the PTGA. The relationship between the increment of lubricating oils' mass, ignition point, combustion rate and the pressure of oxygen were derived from the TG and DTG curve (TG-DTG curve). Experimental results show that the oil oxidation increment increase and the ignition point decrease with the pressure of oxygen escalating, and the higher pressure of oxygen, the lower combustion rate. In addition, the fact was confirmed that the lubricants additives have an effect on combustion characteristics of lubricating oil in high-pressure oxygen.
Lapping Aspheric Workpiece Using Bending Method
Authors: Shang Chun Min , Zhang Dong Mei , Yang Jian Dong
Published: July 2013

A new method is proposed that high speed lapping aspheric surface workpiece using lapping tool by means of bending because there processing difficult, In this study, the principle of high speed lapping has been presented, the mathematical model for the lapping tool has been established, and the equidistance curve error of the lapping tool has been analyzed. The results of the experiment indicate that the forming precision of the lapping tool is high using this method, the surface precision of the workpiece reaches micron grade, furthermore, the aspheric surface workpiece can been machined using this method in lapping, and that it can meet the need of medium precision of machining the aspheric surface workpiece. The experiment result indicates that the the lapping tool shape precision is high, the lapping error of the workpiece is 0.0108mm, and lapping efficiency is high and the cost is low. This aspheric lapping method has incomparable superiority of other processing methods.
Development of Resistance Spot Welding Quality Monitoring Technology
Authors: Wang Zhi Wei , Liu Xiao Dong
Published: July 2013

According to the purpose of the current resistance spot welding quality monitoring system, the existing technology can be divided into two categories of the quality evaluation and control, and in the two research fields with different analysis methods, the paper further analysis. On the basis of comprehensive analysis, the paper finally puts forward, choosing suitable modeling method and analysis method, the quality evaluation index in order to realize accurate measurement and precise result, it is the key point and difficulty in the next step work.
A Novel Pre-Processing Approach of Point Cloud in Reverse Engineering
Authors: Zhang Ci , Hu Guo Fan , Chen Xu Bing
Published: July 2013

In reverse engineering, data pre-processing has played an increasingly important role for rebuilding the original 3D model. However, it is usually complex, time-consuming, and difficult to realize, as there are huge amounts of redundant 3D data existed in the gained point cloud. To find a solution for this issue, point cloud data processing and streamlining technologies are reviewed firstly. Secondly, a novel pre-processing approach is proposed in three steps: point cloud registration, regional 3D triangular mesh construction and point cloud filtering. And then, the projected hexagonal area and the closest projected point are defined. At last, a parabolic antenna model is employed as a case study. After pre-processing, the number of points are decreased from 4,066,282 to 449,806 under the constraint of triangular grid size h equaling to 2mm, i.e. about 1/9 size of the original point cloud. The result demonstrates its feasibility and efficiency.
CFD Analysis and Experimental Verification of Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump with Multi-Outlet Options
Authors: Huang Si , Ou Guo Wei , Song Zhi Guang , Wang Peng
Published: July 2013

A three-dimensional flow in a whole multi-stage centrifugal pump with multi-outlet options is numerically simulated using CFX software. The flow field distributions inside pump with different outlet setting are observed and analyzed. Specially, it is found that the downstream of the pump outlet is considerably different from upstream of the pump outlet and forms some self-circulating vortexes inside the stage with more energy loss. The pump performance curves are predicted based on the flow simulation, showing that efficiency rises up while the pump outlet is set at the backward stages. Finally, CFD results are verified by comparing predicted performance curves with the experimental ones.
Failure Analysis and Transformation of Hydrogen Compressor Dry Gas Seal
Authors: Cao Hui , Liu Yan , Lin Chang Ji
Published: July 2013

Recycle hydrogen compressor group is the core equipment of heavy coker gas oil hydrotreater unit of refinery. This compressor adopts tandem structure with intermediate labyrinth seal as its dry gas seal type. The compressor dry gas seal has officially been put into operation for six months, it damaged twice and caused the device to unplanned shutdown, seriously affected the long term operation of the device. During research and analysis on the seal of the unit, a series of problems were found, such as gas anti-channeling, sealing gas with oil etc. After transformation on the sealed gas supply system, the compressor achieved the purpose of long term stable running.
Design Methodology and Preliminary Sizing of an Unmanned Mars Exploration Plane (UMEP)
Authors: Behroo Mahan , Banazadeh Afshin , Golkhandan Andisheh Rahimi
Published: July 2013

This paper discusses the mission requirements and design constraints for an Unmanned Martian research aircraft based on a tailor-made classical airplane design methodology. First, the exploration mission is described using the information from previous real-world experiences and the desired payload is proposed accordingly. The environmental conditions that dictate severe constraints to the design space are characterized afterwards. The conventional airplane design cycle is modified to address the lack of statistical data and to define a proper design recycling criteria. Eventually, the outcome is presented in the form of a novel configuration that is well suited to carry out the specified exploration mission, flying low and slow over the Martian surface.
Control of Vortical Flows Past Open Cavities
Authors: Stoia-Djeska Marius , Safta Carmen Anca , Cotuna Adina
Published: July 2013

Numerical simulations are used to verify the possibility to mitigate the undesired flow self-sustained oscillations of the compressible flows past open cavities. The simple control device proposed in this work consists in a large aspect ratio wing with an non-symmetric thin airfoil mounted in the spanwise direction of the cavity and located immediately upstream with respect the leading edge of the cavity . The results show that this control device is efficient and diminishes the pressure oscillations.
Fuzzy Multiobjective Optimization Used in Tolerance Synthesis of Mechanisms
Authors: Duminică Despina , Dutu Iulian , Avram Mihai , Gheorghe Viorel
Published: July 2013

Fuzzy objective multioptimization describes performance criteria and constraints in terms of fuzzy membership functions. The membership function of the decision is obtained as conjunction of performance criteria and constraints. A method of allocating tolerance intervals using fuzzy multiobjective optimization is presented for the case of a 3R manipulator. The proposed method is validated through Monte Carlo simulation.
Upon the Coherence of Optimization in Robotics
Authors: Neacşa Marin , Adîr George , Adîr Ancuţa
Published: July 2013

For any company, it so important that the management takes the right decisions when there are established the different policies (production, marketing, sales etc) to optimize the efficiency and profitableness of the company. In the paper we introduce a decisional method, based on risk and uncertainty, which allows to analyze the decisions in 3 phases, offering the possibility to take a more accurate decision.
Hydrodynamic Studies on Spherical Valve
Authors: Florescu Iulian , Florescu Daniela , Nedelcu Dragos
Published: July 2013

The paper emphasizes the theoretical aspects of spherical valve operation, the calculation of hydrodynamic parameters specific to this type of valve and a method of analysis of the influence of the main physical-mechanical parameters of flow simulations using specialized software. It may reveal such power distribution lines for different opening angles of the valve and pressure distribution along the flow speed and hence can express losses coefficients and flow coefficients. Areas with whirlpools and a large cluster of vortex lines characterize significant losses of hydraulic energy along the flow and can lead to structural characteristics that provide optimal design of these valves.
Videooptical Surface Shape and Integrity Estimation in Robots Machining
Authors: Mikolajczyk Tadeusz
Published: July 2013

Paper shows system to surface shape and quality control in machining using industrial robot. To surface control videooptical methods were used. Surface shape was controlled using the special reverse engineering system. To surface roughness measure machined surface reflectivity method was used. Used own constructions non contact system was equipped with red laser light and USB camera. Wrist of robot was equipped with grinding tool. In paper shows some algorithms of presented processes. Shown too examples of experiments results in surface roughness measure in start end of grinding process. First trials of presented system shows possibility to build smart machining system for finishing of surface with unknown shape.
Expert System for Coupling Selection
Authors: Butila Eugen Valentin , Panfir Alina Ninett , Mogan Gheorghe Leonte
Published: July 2013

This paper presents an expert system applied in mechanical engineering design to selection of coupling. Coupling is an important part for mechanical transmission as well as for robotics. Usually for choosing a coupling, a consultation of specialized books is required, which requires a lot of time. For the selection of coupling, powerful expert system software, namely “CLIPS”, was used.
Multi-Criteria Kinematic Optimization of a Front Multi-Link Suspension Mechanism Using DOE Screening and Regression Model
Authors: Totu Vlad , Alexandru Cătălin
Published: July 2013

This paper approaches the multi-criteria kinematic optimization of a front multi-link suspension mechanism. The optimization purpose is to minimize the variations of the wheel track, wheelbase, castor angle, and induced deflection angle, the monitored values being the root mean squares during simulation. The locations of the joints by which the guiding links/arms are connected to the adjacent parts are used as independent variables in the optimization process. The investigation strategy is based on a design of experiments technique - DOE Screening, obtaining the appropriate regression model. The goodness-of-fit has been verified by computing the variance in the predicted results versus the real data, the probability that the fitted model has no useful terms, and the significance of the regression. The study is performed by using the multi-body system environment ADAMS of MSC Software.
Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Hover Stabilization of an Insect-Like Flapping Wing
Authors: Khodabakhsh Hamidreza , Banazadeh Afshin
Published: July 2013

This paper describes latest results obtained on modeling, simulation and controller design of an insect-like Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle (FWMAV). Because of the highly nonlinear and time varying nature of insect flight and the inability to find an equilibrium point, linearization of the model without compromising the accuracy is not possible. Therefore, to address the problem of designing a controller capable of stabilizing and controlling the FWMAV around a hovering point, a metaheuristic optimization approach is proposed, based on the time averaging theorem. The results show that a controller, designed using the proposed method, is capable of stabilizing the FWMAV effectively around its hovering point.
Methodology for the Identification of Needles Trajectories in Robotic Brachytherapy Procedure Using VR Technology
Authors: Butnariu Silviu , Gîrbacia Florin
Published: July 2013

Surgical robots, including those for brachytherapy procedure, require preoperative registration prior to use for needle placement procedures. Using a virtual environment for programming the needles trajectories allows a safer procedure for robotic brachytherapy, by avoiding vital structures and providing efficient penetration placement of radioactive seeds. In this paper is proposed a methodology based on Virtual Reality (VR) technologies that can be used to generate and optimize the needle trajectory in the pre-planning stage of the robotic brachytherapy procedure.
Study on a Gripping Biomechanism Represented by the Human Dento-Maxillary Apparatus
Authors: Ciortan Marinela , Luca Liliana , Stancioiu Alin
Published: July 2013

In this paper presents the gripping biomechanism of the dento-maxillary apparatus. Here are some important studies conducted worldwide on the structure, kinematics and dynamics of biomechanism. In the paper the authors present their experimental research conducted to determine the movements made by the biomechanism. Using data obtained from video films, and radiographs we identified in detail the permitted movements of temporomandibular joint. The kinematic equivalent diagram of mechanism was established. The kinematic calculations performed but not presented due to lack of space in the paper showed that the mechanism is optimal for the required movements.
Tribological Analysis and Optimization of Polymer Prosthetic Components as Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Stamate Monica Cretan , Stamate Ciprian
Published: July 2013

This paper analyzes the tribological properties of a polymer prosthetic component, which was optimized by coating polymer layers containing medicinal substances. Polymer component is made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (uhmwpe) and is used in prosthetic hip replacement for acetabular cup with a metal component of cobalt-chromium alloy molybdenum. Polymer surface was covered with a layer of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel superporos containing the drug substance ketoprofen-cyclodextrin complex. Studies consisted in evaluating drug substance release during 12 hours and tribological evaluation of polymer surface in simulated physiological conditions using cetr-umt-2 device.