bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dampak kebijakan pengalihan dana Desa terhadap perekonomian masyarakat Desa Malaka Kabupaten Lombok Utara akibat Covid-19
Authors: Rahmanita Fatia , Wirawan Jamhuri Wirawan Jamhuri
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 is a disease caused by the Corona virus that emerged at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China and has spread so rapidly almost troughout the world that is status was declared as Pandemic Covid-19 by the world health agency (WHO) on March 11, 2020. This virus is not only infecting health but also causes various crises in various sectors of community life, especially in the economic field. Therefore, Malaka Village, Pemenang Subdistrict, Nort Lombok Regency, which incidentally is a tourism area visited by many foreign tourist, experienced a drastic decline in the economy caused by the Covid-19 virus. Various efforts were made by the Village Government to cope with the impact of Covid-19, one of them was by diverting village funds. Initially to be allocated for the construction of infrastructure damage by the 2018 earthquake as an aid funds to support the local community’s economy.
Dampak Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) Bagi Masyarakat Akibat Covid-19 Di Desa Malaka Kecamatan Pemenang Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Aulia Fadila
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The end of 2019 to be precise at the beginning of 2020. The Covid-19 pandemic has become a problem all over the world. The entire government is overwhelmed but continues to try to overcome the spread of the Covid-19 virus while at the same time overcoming the various impacts of one of the impacts caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an economic factor. In Indonesia, due to the pandemic, the community’s economy has declined. And to overcome this, the government has made one of the efforts to reduce the burden on the community, namely refocusing the budget from various existing budget posts. And one of the the budget posts that was refocused was the Village Fund, the Village Fund which was actually intended for village development and development but was transferred to a cash transfer fund called Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). In the implementation of this program, in terms of the impact of the Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) program, many question are asked. This research was conducted in Malaka Village, Pemenang District, Nort Lombok Regency. The research finding show that the impact of this program, especially for the poor, is very beneficial for them, and some people very supportive of the program carried out by the central government.

Keywords : BLT; Village Fund; Assistance
Keterlibatan KKP-DR UIN Mataram pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dalam upaya mewujudkan kampung sehat di Desa Batutulis
Authors: Suparmanto Suparmanto , Lestari Tri Mulya
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 is a disease caused by a new type of corona virus that first appeared in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. Symptoms of Covid-19 are cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Covid-19 infection causes quite high mortality in various countries, including Indonesia. Covid-19 has also changed all aspect which has become a prolonged crisis mus immediately find a solution so that it does not have an even greater impact. One of the efforts made by the government to prevent the spread of the Corona-19 virus is by implementing restrictions on community activities that take place in regions in Indonesia. Another government institution that is also involved in minimizing the impact of Covid-19 is UIN Mataram. The involvement of UIN Mataram in this case is to direct its students to carry out Participatory Work From Home Lectures. The implementation of the Participatory Work From Home is focused on aspects of education and health. However, the priority is in the health aspect. In Batutulis Village, Jonggat, Central Lombok, various efforts were made by students on health aspect. Where this is in line with the goal of the Batutulis Village Head to create a healthy village. Healthy in this case is not only physically and spiritually healthy but also the environment in which it is occupied is also healthy. So the effort made are to carry out mutual cooperation in cleaning the environment such as ditches and rivers which are often used as garbage dumps, cleaning mosques, doing healthy exercise with the community and socializing the prevention of the spread of Covid-19.
Methodological approach to optimal geological and technological characteristics determining when planning hydraulic fracturing at multilayer facilities
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Grishchenko V. A. , Rabaev R. U. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Asylgareev I. N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yakupov R. F. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

The paper considers the issue of increasing the hydraulic fracturing efficiency in a multilayer facility at the final stage of development with an uneven degree of reserves development along the section. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the upper layers, which have the worst filtration-reservoir properties, are less developed in comparison with the highly productive lower ones. When hydraulic fracturing was carried out in the upper formations, some of the operations had low success due to the breakthrough of hydraulic fractures into the lower depleted formations. On the basis of the revealed dependencies, the work determined the optimal specific loading of proppant per meter of effective power, depending on the geological conditions, and maps of the prospects for hydraulic fracturing are built. Keywords: oil fields development; hydraulic fracturing; hydraulic fracturing optimization; multilayer facilities.
Research of inflow control devices for estimation of application in intellectual well
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Ismakov R. A. , Denisova E. V. ,   Institute of Mechanics. R.R. Mavlyutova UFIC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Sidorov S. P. ,   Institute of Mechanics. R.R. Mavlyutova UFIC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Chernikova M. A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

Ensuring the completeness of oil and gas production from the subsoil by using modern techniques and technologies for controlling the inflow into the well is an urgent task, especially for wells with long horizontal ends. Inflow control devices (ICD), used in conjunction with packers and downhole measurement devices, are part of such systems, covered by the concept of «smart well». In general, such systems make it possible to control the inflow (flow rate) in individual intervals of horizontal wells or in vertical wells of multilayer fields while operating simultaneously in order to optimize production without additional downhole operations in real time. Keywords: inflow control device; horizontal well; intelligent well.
Correlates of Stock Market Development and Economic Growth: A Confirmatory Study from Ghana
Authors: Borteye Edward Alabie , Peprah Williams Kwasi
Published: January 2022

The study confirms the debate on whether stock market development correlates to economic growth. The dimensions used for the stock market development consisted of market liquidity, size, and capitalization. Economic growth was represented by the real gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate. Based on secondary data obtained from the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) and Ghana Statistical Service from 2014 to 2018, a correlational research design was adopted to analyze the data with SPSS 20v by using bivariate and regression. The study found that there is a high positive relationship between market liquidity and economic growth, a moderate negative relationship between market size and economic growth, and a moderate positive relationship between market capitalization and economic growth. Also, the stock market development of market liquidity, size, and capitalization predict 95.7 percent of economic growth. The study summarized that there is a high positive association between stock market development and economic growth as a confirmatory revelation, but all the relationship results were not statistically significant. The result points to the casualty of the relationship between stock market development and economic growth. The study recommends that more firms must be encouraged to be listed on GSE to enhance economic growth in Ghana.
Relationship Between Home Caregivers and Caregivers Employed at Selected Institutions Providing Assistance to Seniors with Their Care Recipients Suffering from Dementia
Authors: Malczewska Magdalena , Janus Edyta
Published: January 2022

Introduction: There are many difficulties connected with caring for an elderly person sufferring dementia. Symptoms such as aggression or apathy, as well as the progressive nature of the disorder, affect the attitude of both home and institutional caregivers towards the people for whom they care. An important element related to the provision of care is the relationship between a senior with dementia and those who provide the care (home and institutional caregivers). The aim of the article is to characterise and compare these relations.

Material and methods: The study comprised 124 participants, 57 professional caregivers and 67 home carers. Two standardised questionnaires were used: the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) and the Quality of Carer-Patient Relationship - QCPR Questionnaire. Additionally, the respondents provided socio-demographic data. The study was conducted via electronic media in the first quarter of 2021.

Results: It was found that there is a significant difference in the relationship between home and institutional caregivers, with their charges in the dimension of "warmth and attachment" (measured by QCPR). People providing professional care have significantly higher scores in this area. There was also a significant difference between scores in the 'no conflict and criticism' dimension (measured by QCPR) for home and professional caregivers. Institutional caregivers, in relation to their care recipients, have a higher level of this indicator than home caregivers.

Conclusions: Relationships between seniors with dementia and institutional or home carers differ with regard to some issues. The differences in relationships with seniors suffering dementia may be due to the time spent caring for this person and the caregiver's response to symptoms of dementia.
Minilaparotomy Cholecystectomy: A Forgotten Art in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Era (Our Experience from a Peripheral Hospital in North India)
Authors: N Kumar Bharath , Pandey Rahul
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aimed to report the experience of performing minilaparotomy cholecystectomy in a peripheral hospital by a single surgeon. Methods: Data collected from 50 consecutive patients undergoing minilaparotomy cholecystectomy by a single surgeon over 18 months at a peripheral hospital were reviewed and studied. The recorded data encompassed demographics, operating time, incision size, conversion rate to open cholecystectomy, perioperative complications, and hospital stay duration. Results: Fifty consecutive patients, who underwent minilaparotomy cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis, were studied, among whom 48 patients were females. The participants’ mean age was 45 years. The length of the surgical incision was 4.5 - 6 cm, and only three patients required conversion to open cholecystectomy. The average operating time was 60 minutes; and the average postoperative hospital stay was 2.14 days. Conclusions: Minilaparotomy cholecystectomy is comparable with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in terms of postoperative morbidity, and it is ideal for peripheral hospitals lacking laparoscopic facilities.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy in Motivational Structure of Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Faramarzi Marjan , Khalatbari Javad , Ghorban Shiroudi Shohreh , Abolmaali Khadijeh
Published: January 2022

Background: It is essential to understand and support hepatitis B patients to minimize their challenges and limitations and provide them with appropriate treatment. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate training and consulting programs to prepare for and identify various aspects of the disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-integrated cognitive-behavioral group therapy (MiCBT) in the motivational structure of hepatitis B patients in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study sample consisted of 28 hepatitis B patients selected from all patients visiting specialist clinics in Tehran in 2020. Following the interviews and completion of the Personal Concerns Inventory, 14 patients were selected per group using simple random sampling and were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. A posttest was conducted after 12 sessions of MiCBT (one 90-min group session weekly for three months). Data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software. Results: The results revealed a significant increase in adaptive motivational structure (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in maladaptive motivational structure (P = 0.012) in hepatitis B patients following the therapeutic intervention. Conclusions: The study indicated the MiCBT effectiveness in increasing adaptive motivational structure and decreasing maladaptive motivational structure in hepatitis B patients. As a therapeutic approach, MiCBT can make the motivational structure of hepatitis B patients more adaptive.
Successful Treatment of Postneurosurgical Ventriculitis Caused by Extensively Drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a Child: Case Report
Authors: Yang Rui , Li Fang , Mao Weiwei , Wei Xin , Liu Xinzhu , Guo Xiaowen , Luo Wentao , Liu Yan , Zhang Jian
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The incidence of postneurosurgical Acinetobacter baumannii ventriculitis/meningitis, primarily due to drug-resistant strains, has increased considerably in recent years. However, limited therapeutic options are available because most antibiotics poorly penetrate the blood-brain barrier, especially in pediatric patients. Case Presentation: A five-year-old boy developed ventriculitis due to extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii (XDRAB) after bilateral frontal external ventricular drainage for spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage. The boy was safely and successfully treated with intraventricular (IVT)/intrathecal (ITH) polymyxin B together with intravenous tigecycline plus cefoperazone/sulbactam. Conclusions: In the present case, postneurosurgical XDRAB ventriculitis was closely associated with intraventricular hemorrhage and the placement of external ventricular drainage. IVT/ITH polymyxin B combined with intravenous tigecycline and cefoperazone sulbactam could be a therapeutic option against XDRAB ventriculitis in children.
The Role of Compassion and Sustainability Awareness on Fair Trade Fashion Consumption with Internet Engagement as a Moderator
Authors: Musa Shireen , Gopalakrishna Pradeep ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the role that a) Compassion for Oneself, Others and the Environment (COOE) and b) Desire for Sustainability Awareness (DSA) have on Fair Trade Fashion Consumption (FTFC). The newly derived COOE and DSA constructs help us understand how emotions of compassion and the desire for sustainability awareness may influence consumer behavior. Online surveys were distributed consumers who shop at Fair Trade clothing companies and consumers shop at conventional clothing companies. The sample size for this study is one hundred and twenty-nine, N=129. Results were analyzed through correlation and multiple regression. It was found that COOE and DSA are positively related to FTFC. In addition, Internet Engagement (IE) functions as a moderator for the relationship between DSA and FTFC.
To the question of modernity and corresponding representations of subjectivity: “dividual” and social organizations
Authors: Belonogov Ivan Nikolaevich
Published: January 2022

This article is part of the extensive research of value characteristics of IT community and their potential for innovative development. In view of this, the author examines the problem of determination of the modern cultural situation and, as a result, deduction of the criterion that establishes what “modern” is. Based on the previously acquired conclusions (according to which, such criterion is the consideration of irreducible multiplicity, and the major risk is the loss of autonomy by individuals), the author aims to find the model of subjectivity that would be simultaneously multiple and autonomous. The search for the model that meets such criterion is carried out through referring to the control technologies developed within the framework of third-order cybernetics. The novelty of this article consists in peculiarity of the approach towards solution of the set task: the question in the form and method of determination of modernity has been first raised and  solved within the framework of the Russian academic philosophical community at  the previous stage of research, which determines the relevance at the current stage as well. Comparison of the developments of Russian and foreign authors reveals the parallelism between the development of cybernetics and psychoanalysis; demonstrates the conceptual intersections of the third-order cybernetics and schizoanalysis; establishes the conformity between the subjectivity of the individual and the type of organizations they are engaged in. The article offers the concept of “dividual” as a model suitable for solution of the set task. The conclusions is made that the existing potential of the IT community for modernization is neutralized in the context of transition towards the hierarchical structure of the organization.
Design of an Artificial Neural Network (BPNN) to Predict the Content of Silicon Oxide (SiO2) based on the Values of the Rock Main Oxides: Glass Factory Feed Case Study
Authors: Nazerian Hamed , Shirazy Adel , Shirazi Aref , Hezarkhani Ardeshir
Published: January 2022

Artificial neural network (ANN) is one of the practical methods for prediction in various sciences. In this study, which was carried out on Glass and Crystal Factory in Isfahan, the amount of silica purification used in industry has been investigated according to its analyses. In this discussion, according to the artificial neural network algorithm back propagation neural network (BPNN), the amount of silica (SiO2) was predicted according to rock main oxides in chemical analysis. These studies can be used as a criterion for estimating the purity for use in the factory due to the high accuracy obtained.
Redistribution of Residency Slots After Hospital Closures
Authors: Ramesh Tarun , Kadakia Kushal T. , Tsai Thomas C.
Published: January 2025

This cross-sectional study examines the implications of hospital closures and Section 5506 of the Affordable Care Act for graduate medical education–associated funding in the US.
Estimated Incidence and Prevalence of Metastatic Breast Cancer in Northern Ireland, 2009 to 2020
Authors: Hawkins Sinead Teresa , Ashok Amisha , Kelly Jackie M. , Savage Gerard , Fitzpatrick Deirdre , Mitchell Helen , McBrien Ann , Bennett Damien
Published: January 2025

This cohort study examines the incidence and prevalence of metastatic breast cancer in Northern Ireland using population-based cancer registry data and health records.
Londonderry Air
Authors: Ludwig Calvin G.
Published: January 2025

This essay describes the author’s growth as a person and physician through his interactions with one of his patients during internship year.
Depletion of TP53 in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Triggers Malignant‐Like Behavior
Authors: Montilla‐Rojo Joaquin , Eleveld Thomas F. , van Soest Marnix , Hillenius Sanne , Timmerman Dennis M. , Gillis Ad J. M. , Roelen Bernard A. J. , Mummery Christine L. , Looijenga Leendert H. J. , Salvatori Daniela C. F.
Published: January 2025

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) tend to acquire genetic aberrations upon culture in vitro. Common aberrations are mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53, suspected to confer a growth‐advantage to the mutant cells. However, their full impact in the development of malignant features and safety of hPSCs for downstream applications is yet to be elucidated. Here, TP53 is knocked out in hPSCs using CRISPR‐Cas9 and compared them with isogenic wild‐type hPSCs and human germ cell tumor lines as models of malignancy. While no major changes in proliferation, pluripotency, and transcriptomic profiles are found, mutant lines display aberrations in some of the main chromosomal hotspots for genetic abnormalities in hPSCs. Additionally, enhanced clonogenic and anchorage‐free growth, alongside resistance to chemotherapeutic compounds is observed. The results indicate that common TP53‐depleting mutations in hPSCs, although potentially overlooked by standard analyses, can impact their behavior and safety in a clinical setting.
A 2D Shaping 3D Strategy to Construct Hierarchical Microstructures Based on Heterogeneous Wettability
Authors: Li Huizeng , Li Kaixuan , Yu Xinye , Zhao Weidong , Li An , Cai Zheren , Yuan Renxuan , Liu Quan , Liu Wanling , Li Mingzhu , Song Yanlin
Published: January 2025

Through rational design and elaborate preparation, simple materials can be evolved into microstructures with 3D morphology. Benefiting from their unique morphology and composition, these 3D microstructures exhibit exceptional optic/electric properties that surpass those of their building blocks. Self‐assembly relies on control of liquid behavior and morphology, and can efficiently aggregate building blocks into ordered microstructures. However, under the principle of surface energy minimization, the self‐assembled microstructures are constrained by limited morphology and monotonous component. Herein, the assembly of microstructures with controllable morphology and composite components is achieved, through effectively controlling 3D liquid behaviors and morphologies using 2D heterogeneous wettability. It is revealed that the heterogeneous wettability surface can induce stepwise liquid behaviors, which rapidly split suspension into isolated liquid bridges, then gradually shrink for 3D assembly. Through surface wettability control, this strategy not only extends into a printing‐like approach to deposit microstructures on target surface, but also facilitates the fabrication of composite microstructures with multi‐components. Taking advantage of the 3D morphology, the heterogeneous wettability, and the multi‐components, the resulting composite microstructures exhibits ultra‐sensitive detection capability. It is anticipated that this 2D‐shaping‐3D strategy opens a facile avenue to fabricate hierarchical microstructures for optic/electronic and sensing applications.
Functional p‐π Conjugated Organic Layer Empowers Stable Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Shen Zhen , Bo Zhihui , Shi Ruijuan , Liu Luojia , Li Haixia , Zhou Xunzhu , Wang Jiazhao , Zhao Yong , Li Lin
Published: January 2025

Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) with the advantages of high energy density and low cost have attracted extensive attention as next‐generation rechargeable battery technology. However, SMBs suffer from severe Na dendrite and undesired solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, which inevitably destroy cycling durability and safety. Herein, a p‐π conjugated organic molecule (OHTAPQ) with redox‐active carbonyls and pyrazines is employed as a robust artificial SEI layer on Na anode (denoted as OHTAPQ@Na) to address these issues. The unique chelation of N and O with Na+ ions in an OHTAPQ‐based layer facilitates good adsorption capacity and low Na+ diffusion barries for uniform Na deposition behavior. As a result, the OHTAPQ@Na||OHTAPQ@Na symmetric cell shows a long‐term cycle lifespan (over 1500 h at 2 mA cm−2), and the OHTAPQ@Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cells deliver a capacity retention of 82% after 1600 cycles. This research provides a handy way for anode protection with functional conjugated organics in SMBs.
Rapid and Scalable Preparation of Highly Uniform, Atomically Thin MSe2 (M = Ti, Nb, Ta) Nanosheets as Ultra‐Sensitive SERS Substrates for Lateral Flow Immunoassay
Authors: Ge Yuancai , Wang Haiyang , Li Qihao , Li Qian , Yang Ying , Zhu Ruohua , Yang Jinmei , Liu Xiaohu , Zhang Qingwen , Wang Yi
Published: January 2025

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates based on 2D semimetallic materials have emerged as novel detecting platforms for detecting at the single‐molecule level due to the high charge transfer efficiency between the layered materials and analytes. However, current methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or liquid‐phase exfoliation face significant challenges in simultaneously achieving high yield and low defect density in preparing layered materials, which often leads to compromises in SERS efficiency or sensitivity, thereby limiting large‐scale applications. Herein, an improved electrochemical cathodic exfoliation (ECE) protocol, developed through recent advancements, is employed to produce highly uniform and solution‐processable TiSe2, NbSe2, and TaSe2 monolayers with over 95% yield in 120 min. The SERS sensitivity (10−16 M for Rhodamine 6G) of 2D materials from ECE rivals that of CVD‐prepared monolayers due to their low defect density. Using NbSe2 as the SERS substrate, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in tear fluid is detected across 0.01 to 100 ng mL−1, outperforming conventional enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay methods that typically detect at 1 ng mL−1. The scalability of the modified ECE process not only facilitates its integration into lateral flow immunoassays but also paves the way for bridging the gap between practical applications and highly sensitive SERS detection using 2D materials.
Modulation of Topological Order in Structural Unit of Nitrides for Enhanced Electrosynthesis of Nitrile
Authors: Zhao Lei , Mao Keke , Xu Jing , Liu Yuchun , Wang Junxiang , Zhou Min , Xu Kun
Published: January 2025

The electrochemical oxidation of amines has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional energy‐intensive industrial processes for the green synthesis of nitriles, and the rational design of efficient electrocatalysts is crucial due to the sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, it is reported that modulating the topological order within the same structural unit can boost catalytic activity for the electrooxidation of benzylamine to benzonitrile (BOR). Using nickel nitride as a model, Cu atoms are introduced into the pristine N─Ni structural framework, inducing a change in the topological order of the structural units and resulting in the formation of Ni3CuN with an antiperovskite structure. As a result, the antiperovskite Ni3CuN exhibits a 2‐fold enhancement of BOR activity compared to Ni3N, despite the fact that the N─Ni coordination polyhedra of both are almost identical. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the modulation strategy of the topological order of the same structural units successfully weakens the Ni─N bonding interactions, induces the downward shift of the d‐band centers, and optimizes the desorption of the reaction products, which ultimately contributes to the more superior electrocatalytic activity of Ni3CuN. This work provides a new perspective on developing advanced electrocatalysts through the structural topological order modulation.
“Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” Stretchable Interconnects Enabled by Liquid Metal Conductor with Supramolecular Confinement
Authors: Ai Liqing , Lin Weikang , Ai Limei , Li Yannan , Qiang Mengyi , Wang Xiaoya , Shi Min , Yang Zhengbao , Yao Xi
Published: January 2025

The integration of soft, conformable components and rigid microelectronics or devices is a critical frontier in stretchable hybrid device development. However, engineering interconnects capable of tolerating high‐stress concentrations and preventing debonding failures remain a key challenge. Here a stretchable conductive interconnect derived from the liquid metal conductor with supramolecular confinement is reported, capable of reliably connecting soft and rigid parts through a simple “Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” method. Leveraging the dynamic bonding nature of supramolecular polymers, when confined within liquid metal compartments, not only effectively stabilizes the conductive path of the stretchable interconnect, but also offers high adhesion to diverse surfaces, reaching an exceptional electrical stretchability of up to 2800%. As proof of concept, this interconnect is used to assemble wearable devices including reconfigurable stretchable circuits, multifunctional sensors, and on‐skin electromyography, exhibiting high signal integrity and mechanical durability. The “Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” chip and circuit integration offers the boundless potential to enhance the adaptability, convenience, and versatility of on‐skin and wearable electronics across various applications.
In Vitro Engineered ECM‐incorporated Hydrogels for Osteochondral Tissue Repair: A Cell‐Free Approach
Authors: Coyle Ali , Chakraborty Aishik , Huang Jiaqi , Shamiya Yasmeen , Luo Wei , Paul Arghya
Published: January 2025

Prevalence of osteoarthritis has been increasing in aging populations, which has necessitated the use of advanced biomedical treatments. These involve grafts or delivering drug molecules entrapped in scaffolds. However, such treatments often show suboptimal therapeutic effects due to poor half‐life and off‐target effects of drug molecules. As a countermeasure, a 3D printable robust hydrogel‐based tissue‐repair platform is developed containing decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from differentiated mammalian cells as the therapeutic cargo. Here, pre‐osteoblastic and pre‐chondrogenic murine cells are differentiated in vitro, decellularized, and incorporated into methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) solutions to form osteogenic (GelO) and chondrogenic (GelC) hydrogels, respectively. Integrating the bioactive dECM from differentiated cell sources allows GelO and GelC to induce differentiation in human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) toward osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Further, GelO and GelC can be covalently adhered using a carbodiimide coupling reaction, forming a multi‐layered hydrogel with potential application as a bioactive osteochondral plug. The designed multi‐layered hydrogel can also induce differentiation of hASCs in vitro. In conclusion, the bioactive dECM carrying 3D printed robust hydrogel offers a promising new drug and cell‐free therapeutic strategy for bone and cartilage repair and future osteoarthritis management.
Microwave‐Sintered Nano‐SiC Reinforced 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu Composite: Fabrication, Wear Resistance, Antibacterial Function, and Biocompatibility
Authors: Li Xin , Zhao Ying‐Chao , Yin Dengfeng , Cai Ying , Xiao Desheng , Zhao Ming‐Chun , Wen Cuie , Atrens Andrej
Published: January 2025

The significance of biomedical applications of Ti alloys is best emphasized by their widespread utilization as implantable materials, such as internal supports and bone replacements. Ti alloys are sensitive to fretting wear, which leads to the early failure of Ti implants. Improved wear resistance of such implants is essential to ensure a prolonged implant life. Based on the structure‐function‐integrated concept, this work unprecedentedly designs and fabricates an antibacterial 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu composite with improved wear resistance using microwave sintering from pure Ti, Cu, and nano‐SiC powders. For comparison, SiC‐free Ti‐3Cu composite is manufactured under the same conditions using microwave sintering. The addition of 8 vol.% SiC to Ti‐3Cu significantly reduces the porosity and pore size of composites. The 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu shows a Vickers hardness of 353 HV, compressive strength of 803 MPa, elastic modulus of 28.7 GPa, and a significantly increased wear resistance (wear rate decreased by 70% compared to Ti‐3Cu). In addition, 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu exhibits excellent electrochemical corrosion resistance, biocompatibility in relation to MC3T3‐E1 cells, and a bacteriostatic rate over 99% against E. coli. The combination of the wear‐resistant nano‐reinforced SiC and antibacterial Ti2Cu in the 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu composite renders it a highly promising implant material.
Insulative Compression of Neuronal Tissues on Microelectrode Arrays by Perfluorodecalin Enhances Electrophysiological Measurements
Authors: Duenki Tomoya , Ikeuchi Yoshiho
Published: January 2025

Microelectrode array (MEA) techniques provide a powerful method for exploration of neural network dynamics. A critical challenge is to interface 3D neural tissues including neural organoids with the flat MEAs surface, as it is essential to place neurons near to the electrodes for recording weak extracellular signals of neurons. To enhance performance of MEAs, most research have focused on improving their surface treatment, while little attention has been given to improve the tissue‐MEA interactions from the medium side. Here, a strategy is introduced to augment MEA measurements by overlaying perfluorodecalin (PFD), a biocompatible fluorinated solvent, over neural tissues. Laying PFD over cerebral organoids insulates and compresses the tissues on MEA, which significantly enhances electrophysiological recordings. Even subtle signals such as the propagation of action potentials in bundled axons of motor nerve organoids can be detected with the technique. Moreover, PFD stabilizes tissues in acute recordings and its transparency allows optogenetic manipulations. This research highlights the potential of PFD as a tool for refining electrophysiological measurements of in vitro neuronal cultures. This can open new avenues to leverage precision of neuroscientific investigations and expanding the toolkit for in vitro studies of neural function and connectivity.
The sp Hybridization of Tin Single Atoms for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Yaguang , Li Yuejiao , Lu Jianmin , Wen Pengchao , Zhang Liqiang , Jiang Qike , Shi Haodong , Meng Caixia , Sun Junwei , Guo Yunna , Wang Yi , Yao Yu , Qian Shangshu , Yu Yan , Lu Jun , Bao Xinhe , Wu Zhong‐Shuai
Published: January 2025

Restricting the growth of sodium (Na) dendrites at the atomic level is the premise to enable both the stability and safety of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). Here, the universal synthesis of the fourth main group element (Sn, Ge, Pb) as single metal atoms anchored on graphene (Sn, Ge, Pb SAs/G) with sp hybridization for dendrite‐free sodium metal anode is reported. The in situ real‐time observation of Na growth on Sn SAs/G uncoils a kinetically uniform planar deposition at the atomic level for substantially suppressing the dendrite growth. The symmetrical Sn SAs/G‐Na battery exhibits high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% for 200 cycles, long‐term cyclability with 600 h at 4 mA cm−2, and ultralow overpotential of 40 mV at 8 mA cm−2. Further, the full batteries Na3V2(PO4)3||Sn SAs/G‐Na show unprecedented rate capability of 67 mAh g−1 at 20 C and a capacity retention as high as 91% after 500 cycles. The theoretical calculations of Na deposition on different M SAs/G (M═Sn, Ni, Zn, Fe, Co) reveal that the 5s
25p
2 electron configuration of Sn SAs/G realizes the planar deposition mechanism of Na clusters along the graphene plane. Therefore, this work provides an atom‐level accurate miniaturization strategy for constructing dendrite‐free SMBs.
Modeling and Simulation of AlPN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor
Authors: Hamza Husna , Jarndal Anwar
Published: January 2025

AlPN is a relatively new semiconductor alloy capable of providing high two‐dimensional electron gas Two‐Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) densities on the order of 1013  cm−2 at a heterojunction interface with GaN. The phosphorus molar fraction can be adjusted to achieve lattice‐matched AlPN/GaN heterojunctions with strong spontaneous polarization. This consequently induces more electrons at the interface, resulting in lower sheet resistance compared to an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction, making AlPN an optimal barrier in high electron mobility transistors High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). In this work, an AlPN/GaN HEMT is simulated and compared with a corresponding AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The AlPN/GaN HEMT exhibits a maximum drain current density of 1.85 A/mm, which is double that of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, enabling this device to achieve higher power densities at high frequencies. The AlPN/GaN HEMT shows a peak transconductance of 0.293 S/mm, more than three times higher than that of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, which can be exploited for sensor applications, as the sensitivity of the HEMT is directly proportional to the transconductance. Furthermore, the AlPN/GaN HEMT attained a lower noise figure than the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, which is crucial for low‐noise amplifier design. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the fabrication and growth techniques of AlPN devices for stable production.
Elucidating the Potential of Nonlinear Optical Behavior of Azo Dyes for Advanced Laser‐Based Technologies
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Naeem , Hussain Fakhar , Hussain Muzammil , Hussain Riaz , Ayub Khurshid , Muhammad Shabbir , Khan Muhammad Usman , Ehsan Mudssra , Adnan Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Organic nonlinear optical materials have received immense attention owing to their extensive applications in optoelectronics and photonics. Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are significant components of data processing devices, optical computing, optical fibers, modulators, sensors, ultra‐fast switches, and optical storage devices. Therefore, an effort is made to explore the electronic and NLO response of commercially available azo dyes such as Tartrazine (E102), Yellow 2G (E107), Sunset Yellow (E110), Azorubine (E122), Amaranth (E123), Ponceau 4R (E124), and Allura Red (E129) using density functional theory. Frontier molecular orbital analysis reveals that the azo dyes’ energy gap (EH‐L) ranges from 5.30 to 6.88 eV. E122 contains the narrowest bandgap of 5.30 eV compared to others. The total density‐of‐state and noncovalent interactions analyses confirm the charge transfer and type of interactions in various regions of the azo dyes. Molecular electrostatic potential maps reveal that the azo dyes are involved in significant charge distribution regions favourable for the enhancement of NLO response. Moreover, the highest first hyperpolarizability (βo3ggn
) value of 4184.87 au is also observed for E122, making it a better candidate for high‐performance NLO material than others. Therefore, these results may advance the development of NLO materials for efficient laser‐based technologies.
Patient Factors Influence Minimal Clinically Important Difference for the SNOT‐22 in Medically Treated Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Aboueisha Mohamed A. , Fernández‐Penny Felix E. , Hodges Jacob , Perez Hector A. , Lehmann Ashton E. , Humphreys Ian M. , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Jafari Aria
Published: January 2025

Background

The present study explores the effect of sociodemographics and comorbidities on the calculated minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for 22‐item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores in patients with medically treated chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The importance of delineating a threshold to indicate clinically meaningful changes perceived by a patient is well acknowledged, yet the influence of patient‐specific factors on MCID has not been fully elucidated.

Methods

Patients with CRS (n = 221) presenting to a tertiary care practice reported their change in disease burden with anchor questions following CRS‐directed medical treatment. Baseline sociodemographics, pertinent history, and comorbid conditions, as well as pre‐ and post‐treatment SNOT‐22 scores were also collected. Adjusted logistic regression was utilized to determine the factors influencing MCID.

Results

Among the 221 patients, 43.9% (n = 97) reported improvement following medical treatment. Gender, education level, depression, and migraine were identified as significant factors influencing perceived improvement. Our predictive model, incorporating these variables, achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.818 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.762, 0.875), with a sensitivity of 74.4% and specificity of 77.9%. Changes in SNOT‐22 scores were not strongly associated with perceived improvement in patients with depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.14; p = 0.140). Conversely, patients with migraines perceived more pronounced improvements or deteriorations at the extremes of SNOT‐22 score changes (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76, 0.93; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Our findings underscore the substantial impact of patient‐specific sociodemographics and comorbidities on the calculation of MCID values for the SNOT‐22. This study advances our understanding of variability in MCID and demonstrates the complex milieu of factors affecting patients’ perceived clinical outcomes.
Dual 3D Structural Bi2WO6@Graphene Hydrogel Composites Modified Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: Application for Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensing of 4‐Nitrophenol in PM2.5
Authors: Yu Liangyun , Li Jiajun , Zhang Jingjing , Chen Xue , Yuan Meng , Zhang Qi , Xu Baocai , Yao Zhiliang , Xu Qin
Published: January 2025

The accurate measurement of nitrophenols (NPs) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is critical because NPs are identified as the main constituents of brown carbon in PM2.5, which influence the global radiative forcing and regional climate. Herein, we presented a specific and ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor (MIPs/Bi2WO6@GH/ITO) for 4‐nitrophenol (4NP) detection by electrodepositing molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) polypyrrole on indium tin oxide coated glass (ITO) electrode modified with dual 3D structural Bi2WO6@graphene hydrogel (GH) composites. The composites were successfully synthesized through the simple one‐step hydrothermal method with 3D flower‐like Bi2WO6 efficiently distributed on the 3D porous networks of GH. Under optimum conditions, the PEC sensor exhibited a wide linear range of 5.0 × 10−12–1.0 × 10−7 M for 4NP with a low detection limit of 5.78 × 10−13 M. MIPs/Bi2WO6@GH/ITO was further successfully applied for 4NP assay in PM2.5. The results indicated that the developed PEC sensor had broad applications for NPs detection in the environmental fields.
Decent Work in the Digital Context: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Saragih Susanti , Ginting Henndy , Tjakraatmadja Jann Hidajat , Pratama Andika Putra
Published: January 2025

The increasing prevalence of digital technology has reshaped higher education and influenced lecturers' perceptions and experiences of their work. Traditional measures of decent work often fail to capture the unique challenges and opportunities offered by digital contexts. This study aimed to address this gap by developing and validating a new scale to measure perceived decent work (PDW) in the digital age. The initial phase of the study involved a comprehensive investigation of 175 lecturers' perceptions of decent work, which led to the identification of six key dimensions. The second study expanded the scope to include 234 employees from various industries, further validating the scale's reliability and applicability. This study makes a valuable contribution to the field by providing a robust tool for assessing PDW at the individual level. These findings have profound implications for both academic research and practical applications, enabling a deeper understanding of the impact of digital technologies on work experiences and informing strategies to promote decent work in an evolving digital landscape.
Repurposing of Metformin to Improve Survival Outcomes in Patients With Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Hsiang Ying , Lin Po‐Hung , Pang See‐Tong , Fang Jen‐Kai , Tsai Chung‐You , Tsai Yao‐Chou , Chen Yung‐Tai , Chen Wei‐Chieh , Yeh Hsin‐Chih , Li Wei‐Ming
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) presents a higher incidence rate in Taiwan compared to Western societies. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of metformin in improving survival outcomes for patients with UTUC in Taiwan.

Material and Methods

This retrospective study included 940 patients with UTUC and type 2 diabetes from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group, spanning 21 hospitals from July 1988 to September 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: those treated with metformin (n = 215) and those without metformin treatment (n = 725). Parameters analyzed included age, BMI, renal function, tumor grade and location, and pathological staging. Oncological outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and bladder recurrence‐free survival (BRFS). Statistical analysis involved the use of Student's t‐test, Mann–Whitney test, Chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results

Significant differences were observed between the two groups in BMI, preoperative creatinine, eGFR, tumor location, tumor laterality, tumor size, and pathological grade and T stage. Patients treated with metformin exhibited a lower risk of CSS (HR = 0.619; p = 0.018) and improved OS (HR = 0.713; p = 0.024), although no significant association was found with BRFS (HR = 1.034; p = 0.791). The protective effect of metformin on OS was particularly significant in patients with advanced T stage, metastasis, and high‐grade tumors.

Conclusion

The study suggests that metformin use in UTUC patients with diabetes is associated with improved OS and CSS but not BRFS. The underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation. Repurposing metformin, a well‐established and safe drug, may develop new therapeutic strategies for UTUC.
Non‐destructive testing in civil engineering—A memorandum for teaching NDTCE at universities
Authors: Arndt Ralf W. , Grosse Christian U. , Niederleithinger Ernst , Mähner Dietmar , Taffe Alexander , Algernon Daniel
Published: January 2025

This paper summarizes current developments and outlines essential teaching content in the field of non‐destructive testing in civil engineering for academic education at German‐speaking universities. This first memorandum on teaching and research in non‐destructive testing in civil engineering (NDT‐CE) at German‐speaking universities provides an overview of academic education and identifies focal points in teaching and important developments and topics in NDT‐CE research. Suggestions are given for the development and advancement of teaching curricula with regard to a comprehensive and sound professional education of students of civil engineering and related disciplines. In terms of content and form, the contribution deliberately borrows from the memorandum of university teachers in the adjacent subject “Building Materials” (Breit et al. Hochschullehrer‐Memorandum Werkstoffe im Bauwesen—universitäre Lehre und Forschung, Bauingenieur, 87, 72–80, 2012).