bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İmam-Hatip Ortaokulu Öğrencilerinin Lise Tercihi Yönelimlerini Etkileyen Faktörler (Kartal Ilçesi Örneği)
Authors: TÜYSÜZ Harun , YİĞİT Selim , KAMAK Zafer
Published: March 2023

Bu araştırmada; imam hatip ortaokulu öğrencilerinin lise tercihi yönelimlerini etkileyen faktörler incelenmiştir. Öğrencilerin, lise seçimlerini etkileyen sebeplerle ilgili durumların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini İstanbul Kartal İlçesi İmam-Hatip Ortaokullarından mezun olan 20 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden “maksimum çeşitlilik” örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmak isteyen 20 öğrenci yer almaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; LGS öncesi süreçte, öğrencilerin en çok sekizinci sınıfta sınava hazırlık döneminde lise tercihlerine karar verirken, en az ortaokul başlangıç döneminde karar verdikleri; LGS sonrası süreçte ise sınav sonrası kararlarının şekillendiği, sınav tarihi yaklaştığında karar verme eğiliminin arttığı, yüksek yüzdelik dilime sahip öğrencilerin kararlarını erken dönemde verdikleri buna göre sadece sınıf düzeyinin belirleyici etken olmadığı; öğrencilerin kararlarına etki eden öncelikli sosyal çevrenin aile bireyleri olduğu ancak aile bireylerinden sonra LGS öncesi dönemde arkadaş çevresinin, LGS sonrası dönemde ise okul rehberlik servisinin daha etkili olduğu; lise müfredatında yer alan yabancı dil derslerinin çeşitliliği yüksek yüzdelik dilime sahip öğrencilerin lise türü seçimlerinde etkili olduğu, literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak mezun olunan okul türü ile ilgili olumlu ve olumsuz tecrübelerin öğrencilerin lise tercih yönelimlerinde etkili olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi’nde Bulunan Memlûk Cildlerinden Örnekler
Authors: ŞAHİN Betül
Published: March 2023

Mısır’da kurulan ve dönemin tarihçileri tarafından bir Türk Devleti ola-rak isimlendirilen Memlûkler, 1250-1517 tarihleri arasında Mısır, Suriye ve Hicaz’da hüküm sürmüştür. Memlûk sultanları sanatı ve sanatçıları himaye ederek devletin gücünü ve zenginliğini simgeleyen çok sayıda eser üretilme-sine aracı olmuşlardır. Üretilen bu eserler içerisinde dînî, edebî ve tarihi türde kaleme alınmış çok sayıda yazma eser de bulunmaktadır. Özenle yazılan ve tezhiplenen bu eserler yine kendisine yakışan cildlerle kaplanmıştır. Oldukça gösterişli olan cildler, dönemin ihtişamını yansıtır niteliktedir. Deri cildlerde daha çok kahverenginin tonları tercih edilmiş olup altın da bol miktarda kullanılmıştır. Bu makalede Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi’nde bulunan ve XV. yüzyıl Memlûk cildlerine örnek teşkil eden 1817, 1601, 2146, 1621 envanter numaralı eserler, dönemin kitap kabı süsleme özelliklerini ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla incelenmiştir. Ayrıca hem iç hem de dış kapak süslemesi bulunan eserlerde kullanılan desen ve kompozisyon anlayışı değerlendirilmiş ve eserlerin Memlûk cildleri içerisindeki yeri tartışılmıştır.
Dicotomies And Dualities In Sociology Based On The Progressive History Thesis
Authors: ABİDOĞLU İsa
Published: March 2023

Dealing with the developmental stages of social changes and going to the roots of the effects of these transformations and changes is the main subject of historical sociology. The method of historical sociology for this purpose is the study of classical sociological works. In this study, we have tried to analyse the thesis of progressive history in terms of conceptual dichotomies and dualities. This is done in order to penetrate into the intellectual background of the birth of modern sociology on the European continent as an event and to analyse the system of meanings in this background. As we know, the idea of creating a new society in Europe is one of the main factors that crystallised the existence of modern sociology. In general, the idea of transformation and change depends on a philosophical understanding, which has emerged in the name of innovation in Europe. It can be said that the most powerful of the philosophical foundations of this idea is the philosophy of the Enlightenment, and the thesis of progressive history is one of the theses with high functionality in the transformation of that period. One of the aims of this article is to evaluate the strong relationship between the birth of sociology and the progressive historical thesis through the founding/leading names, and to reveal the intellectual codes and patterns of the developing course of sociology. In order to realise this aim, an attempt has been made to make historical sociology by considering the dichotomous and dualistic concepts in the theories of Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, Max Weber and Herbert Spencer, who lived in the countries of France, Germany and England where sociology was born and went down in history as the founding names of sociology.
Yalan Haber Tespitinde Metodoloji Arayışları (İbn Kayyim ve İbn Haldûn Örneği)
Authors: ÇAKIR Furkan , YÜCEER Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Bilginin en önemli kaynaklarından biri doğru haberdir. Nitekim İslâm epistemolojisinde haberin mahiyeti ve değeri tartışma konusu edilmiştir. Rivayet kültüründen büyük oranda beslendikleri için hadis ve tarih usûlünde haber konusu müstakil olarak incelenmiş ve bu alandaki araştırmacılar mesailerinin büyük bir kısmını “yalan haberin tespitine” ayırmışlardır. Söz konusu disiplinlere olan yakınlıklarıyla bilinen ve hicrî sekizinci asırda yaşayan İbn Kayyim el-Cevziyye (751/1350) ve İbn Haldûn’un (808/1406) yalan haberin tespitine yönelik metodoloji sunma çabaları ve serdettiği görüşler dikkat çekicidir. Bu çalışmada hadis ve tarih usûlünün iki önemli temsilcisinin görüşleri ekseninde yalan haberin tespitinin imkânı tetkik edilmiş ve ilgili disiplinlerin yöntemleri örnekler etrafında değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularla birlikte modern dönem teyit platformları ve teknolojik gelişmelerin yalan haber tespitinde hadis ve tarih tenkit yöntemlerine katkı sunacağı müşahede edilmiştir.
The Cannibal’s Antidote For Resentment: Diffracting Ressentiment Through Decolonial Thought
Authors: Brea Pedro
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this essay is to diffract ressentiment through decolonial theory. I would like to see what sort of light this sheds on the psychological undercurrents that impose barriers on colonial and decolonial thought, as well as on the conceptual dynamism of ressentiment. This essay is split into two different experiments in thought. The first will be to diffract ressentiment through the works of Gloria Anzaldúa, Édouard Glissant, and Gilles Deleuze. To this end, I will begin by providing an analysis of ressentiment as developed by Nietzsche in On the Genealogy of Morals and then supplement this with Deleuze’s analysis of ressentiment in Nietzsche & Philosophy. I will create a bridge with decolonial thought by interpreting Anzaldúa’s concept of the nopal de castilla and mestiza consciousness through the interpretive lens of ressentiment to show the affinity that exists between the work of Anzaldúa and Nietzsche. I will finish the first experiment by looking at ressentiment through some of the concepts Glissant offers us in the Poetics of Relation. In particular, I will argue that ressentiment resists the creolization of identity and culture, and that Glissant’s demand for the right to opacity for all is the sign of a thinking that has overcome ressentiment. The second experiment is to diffract ressentiment through Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s Cannibal Metaphysics, beginning with an analysis of the most relevant points of that text for our discussion then putting our diffracted version of ressentiment in conversation with Amerindian perspectivism. However, this does not mean that I am aiming at a synthesis of ressentiment with Amerindian perspectivism. Rather, in the spirit of the Brazilian author’s post-structural anthropology, this essay sees only a disjunctive synthesis of the two: a ressentiment-becoming-Amerindian perspectivism and an Amerindian perspectivism-becoming-ressentiment (we will focus on developing the former). I hope that, by the end of this experiment, we may have a richer conceptual understanding of ressentiment by offering this concept an image of itself that only our decolonial thinkers and an Amerindian perspective can reveal.
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis on the Performance of Pharmaceutical Companies' Stock Price Case Study of Pharmaceutical Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Tikno Widodo Agus , Saadah Siti
Published: March 2023

This thesis analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of pharmaceutical company stock prices, in which research was conducted on pharmaceutical company stocks in Indonesia. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic felt by the community is a decrease in income. The decrease in income has also been felt by investors and owners of industries in various manufacturing sectors. Some companies have even closed factories and laid off their workers. Thus this also affects the stock market of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. In this study, we will analyze the effect of the increase in the rate of positive daily cases and the death rate from COVID- 19 on the performance of pharmaceutical companies' stock prices. The selection of the research sample of 5 (five) pharmaceutical industry stock prices is based on the size of the market capitalization value that is included in the top 10 pharmaceutical industries in Indonesia. In analyzing the performance of pharmaceutical stock prices, the most appropriate GARCH model will be selected by comparing the symmetric model (SGARCH) to the a-symmetric model (TGARCH and EGARCH) and the most appropriate model is the Exponential General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (EGARCH) model. Daily positive (dailycase) and daily cases of death (deathcase) have a positive coefficient value, which means that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on the price of these pharmaceutical stocks.
Análisis de la expresión de KI-67 en pacientes con diagnóstico de neurocitoma central y su asociación con recidiva tumoral
Authors: Llugdar José , Theaux Ricardo , Caussa Lucas , Bernhard Celina , Papalini Francisco , Olocco Vicente , Mezzano Emilio , Bella Santiago , Lingua Alejo , Magri Ignacio , Suárez Julio
Published: March 2023

Los neurocitomas son tumores intraventriculares poco frecuentes del sistema nervioso central. La mayoría de las descripciones son casos aislados. Se los ha descripto como tumores benignos de pronóstico favorable; sin embargo, en los últimos años han aumentado las descripciones de casos agresivos caracterizados por recurrencia local. El índice de proliferación Ki67 es utilizado como factor pronóstico de recurrencia, con riesgo aumentado si es > 2%. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico histológico de neurocitoma cerebral, desde 2004 a 2012. Se realizó análisis retrospectivo de datos. Los objetivos fueron analizar la frecuencia de recidiva y la asociación entre Ki67 y recidiva. Se incluyeron 8 pacientes. Media de seguimiento: 60 meses. Edad media: 23 años. Tratamiento quirúrgico inicial: sólo 3 con resección completa tumoral. Se determinó Ki67 en 7 y en 3 fue ≤ 2%. Presentaron recidiva tumoral 6 de 8 pacientes (75%). Mediana del tiempo a recidiva: 26 meses. Dos de 6 con recidiva tumoral fallecieron y uno se encuentra en cuidados paliativos. Dos de 3 con Ki 67 ≤ 2% presentaron recidiva y 3 de 4 con Ki67 > 2% presentaron recidiva. Los 3 pacientes con resección completa presentaron recidiva. Se detectó una alta frecuencia de recidiva tumoral a diferencia de la literatura. Ki67 habitualmente utilizado como un factor de riesgo de recaída no ha demostrado serlo en este estudio.
Unattended Mental Health Needs: Adult Students in the Philippines during the Early Weeks of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Mendoza Norman , Bernardo Allan ,   De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines, Dizon John Ian Wilzon ,   Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines
Published: March 2023

A survey of 3,032 university students in the Philippines during the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown in the country (March to April 2020) revealed that 44.66% met the cutoff score for generalized anxiety symptoms (GAD-2) and 62.40% reported having very bad to bad sleep quality; these symptoms are also negatively correlated with measures of psychological well-being. We also found that, among those screened by the GAD-2, 40% (n = 542) and 51.55% (n = 698) met the cutoff score for moderate and severe anxiety on the GAD-7, respectively. The sector of the Philippine population lost their usual access to mental health services in their school campuses, and the paper describes how their mental health needs during the pandemic remain unattended, as university campuses remain closed even eighteen months after.
Synthesis and biological activity of 2-((3-Cyano-4,6-distyrylpyridin-2-yl) thio) acetamide and its cyclized form
Authors: Abdel-Raheem Shaban A. A.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, 2-((3-Cyano-4,6-distyrylpyridin-2-yl)thio)acetamide (2) and its cyclized form, 3-amino-4,6-distyrylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (3), were prepared and their structure characterizations were performed by the means of elemental and spectroscopic analyses. Their biological activity as insecticides against cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch using acetamiprid insecticide as a reference was studied. The bioassay results for compounds (2) and (3) against nymphs of cowpea aphid showed that the LC50 values were 0.192 and 0.841 ppm, respectively, after 24 h of treatment but the LC50 values were 0.041 and 0.095 ppm, respectively, after 48 h of treatment. Furthermore, the bioassay results for compounds (2) and (3) showed that the LC50 values were 1.233 and 2.949 ppm, respectively, after 24 h of treatment and the LC50 values were 0.142 and 0.270 ppm, respectively, after 48 h of treatment against adults of cowpea aphid. Given these observations, it has been found that there is a remarkable relationship between the biological activity and the structure of the used compounds.
Level and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Microorganisms in Urban Soils of Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen O.
Published: March 2023

Heavy metal and microbial pollution of the environment are linked to the increasing prevalence of diseases worldwide. Accordingly, this study assessed the safety of urban soils in Lagos, Nigeria, with regard to the levels of lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and microorganisms. Soil samples were collected from Iwaya, Makoko, and Ilaje areas of the city and subjected to atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and microbiological examinations using standard protocols. The mean values obtained for the heavy metals and microorganisms were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits. The average daily oral ingestion (ADOI), average daily dermal ingestion (ADDI), and the hazard quotient (HQ) of the heavy metals were also calculated. The AAS indicated that the soils in the three areas contained non-permissible levels of the evaluated heavy metals, except Cu and Cd. The microbiological examinations also showed that the soils contained abnormal levels of heterotrophic bacteria (HB), hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB), heterotrophic fungi (HF), and hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (HUF). The ADOI of the heavy metals in the three areas were above the recommended levels, while ADDI were normal. Moreover, the HQ of oral ingestion of each heavy metal except Cr was greater than one, while the HQ of dermal ingestion of the heavy metals was less than one. These findings suggest that the soils could predispose the residents in the areas to diseases. Thus, there is a need for regular environmental sanitation and environmental pollution control in the areas, and personal hygiene.
Evaluation of yield contributing characters and cluster analysis of soybean genotypes
Authors: Khan Nazmul Alam , Saiful Islam Mohammad , Bhuiyan Saikat Hossain , Hasan K. M. Mehedi , Kamrul Hasan Mustafa
Published: March 2023

A morphological divergence study among the twenty genotypes based on nine yield and yield contributing characters through the D2 statistic indicated the presence of substantial diversity by forming clusters with a wide range of inter-cluster distances. The soybean genotypes under investigation were divided into five clusters. Cluster I had the most genotypes, with 10, followed by clusters III and V, each with five and three genotypes. The relative divergence indicates how much each cluster varies from the others. Cluster I and Cluster III have the most significant order of divergence, followed by Cluster III and Cluster IV. The results revealed that the parents in these clusters are genetically heterogeneous. It's possible that a hybridization program obtained a significant heterotic response. Clusters I and II found the minimum inter-cluster distances, indicating limited genetic diversity. Cluster III had the maximum seed yield per plant cluster value. Individual performance was highest for the genotypes BINAsoybean-3, BINAsoybean-2, and Shohag for the trait seed yield per plant.
Citrullus colocynthis: source of biodiesel
Authors: Benaissa Asmaa
Published: March 2023

Citrullus colocynthis (L.). Schrad, is a member of the botanical family of Cucurbitaceae and is commonly called coloquinte or "desert gourd", Handhal (Arabic) or Alkad (Tamahaq). This plant is known for its high oil content, it is a source of biodiesel and a real substitute for conventional diesel. Biodiesel is defined as a chemical alteration of vegetable oil to match the characteristics of the engine. The transesterification reaction is the most common method for converting coloquinte oil into esters and glycerol. The purpose of this communication is to draw attention to the biodiesel produced by coloquinte, which has been widely described in the literature.
Occurrence and Identities of Insect Pests of Vegetables in Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen , Abdulazeez Abdulmalik , Adeosun Abosede , Abdullahi Haliru , Ahmed Hikmat , Daniel Angela , Ibrahim Yusuf Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

This survey was aimed at determining the occurrence as well as identifying the insect pests of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), amaranths (Amaranthus spp.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), green onions (Allium cepa), and cabbage (Brassica oleracae) grown in Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria, towards effective control and management. After giving informed consent, structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data from the participants, including age, education level, and pest control strategy. Two vegetable farms were then selected, of which one was in the metropolis (labeled A) and the second was on the outskirts (labeled B). After visual counting of pests on the vegetables, they were captured with swoop nets, aspirators, and forceps, and then identified in the laboratory using hand lenses and identification keys. The results show that the vegetable farmers were middle-aged men with at least a secondary school education, and chemical application was the most widely used pest control measure in the area. Farm A had 127 pests, with Solanum lycopersicum accounting for 57 (44.88%), followed by Amaranthus spp. (23, representing 18.11%), Brassica oleracae (19, representing 14.97%), Lactuca sativa (18, representing 14.17%), and Allium cepa (10, representing 7.87%). Farm B had 101 pests, of which Solanum lycopersicum accounted for 44 (43.56%), followed by Amaranthus spp. with 22 (21.78%), Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleracae each had 13 (12.87%), and Allium cepa had 9 (8.92%). Aphids were the most predominant pests with 69 members, followed by hornworms with 32, thrips and pumpkin bees each had 27, cutworms had 26, and white flies had 24, respectively. Overall, the results showed that there is a heavy pest infestation of vegetables in Ikorodu. Farmers need to be educated on pest control and management.
Scopula villumi Falck & Hausmann, sp. n. de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae)
Authors: Falck P. , Hausmann A.
Published: March 2023

Se describe Scopula villumi Falck & Hausmann, sp. n., basada sobre especímenes de Tenerife, Islas Canarias (España). Se figuran adultos y genitalia del macho y de la hembra. Se analiza el ADN código de barras genético (COI). Se da un análisis diferencial de las especies relativamente próximas, Scopula rufomixtaria (Graslin, 1863) y de su congénere en las Islas Canarias S. asellaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847).
Tres especies nuevas del género Psychonoctua Grote, 1865 de Argentina las islas del Caribe (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Zeuzerinae)
Authors: Yakovlev R. V. , Penco F. C. , Naydenov A. E.
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo describen tres especies nuevas, Psychonoctua cracens Yakovlev, Penco & Naydenov, sp. n. (localidad tipo-Caimán), P. ravida Yakovlev, Penco & Naydenov, sp. n. (localidad tipo-Barbados), and P. diiorioi Yakovlev, Penco & Naydenov, sp. n. (localidad tipo NW Argentina), con nueve figuras.
Una nueva especie del género Tridrepana Swinhoe, 1895 de las islas de Samar, Leyte y Panay (Filipinas) (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae, Drepaninae)
Authors: Expósito-Hermosa A.
Published: March 2023

Se describe Tridrepana yazakii Expósito, sp. n., con ejemplares de las islas de Samar, Leyte y Panay (Filipinas). Se proporcionan imágenes del adulto y de la genitalia del macho. Se ofrece un análisis diferencial con respecto a la especie relativamente próxima Tridrepana spatulata Watson, 1957.
Paralelismo no Tratamento de Linguas Naturais
Authors: Fraga Paltonio Daun
Published: March 2023

É justificado o paralelismo na aplicação de regras linguisticas (lexicais e gramaticais) por um transdutor de arborescências.
Eletrical: Uma Linguagem para Programação Concorrente
Authors: Almeida Felipe Afonso de
Published: March 2023

Propomos uma linguagem para programação concorrente, voltada para aplicações de tempo Real e Programação de Sistemas. Esta proposta inclui a definição da sintaxe e semântica da linguagem, bem como o projeto do núcleo de suporte em tempo de execução.
Sistema Hardware para Processamento Paralelo
Authors: Cavalli E. , Zabeu M. C.
Published: March 2023

O trabalho apresenta uma estrutura hardware voltada para processamento paralelo baseada em microprocessador de 16 bits. O projeto foi desenvolvido no CPqD - TELEBRÁS. São delineadas as características do "hardware" e os estudos efetuados para a determinação da estrutura para processamento paralelo, junto às conclusões obtidas nestes estudos.
PCIR-MX: uma Arquitetura RISC Multiprocessador
Authors: Reis Ricardo
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho introdutório mostra a estrutura básica de uma arquitetura multiprocessadores com um conjunto de introduções reduzido. Cada processador é um microprocessador de 32 bits com memória cache interna, baseado no microprocessador PCIR já projetado no PGCC/UFRGS.
Benchmark dos Array Processors FPS AP120B e NUMERIX MARS 432. Visando Aplicações Estatísticas
Authors: De Rose Luiz Antônio Coelho
Published: March 2023

Array processors são processadores periféricos de alto desempenho, capazes de aumentar consideravelmente a capacidade de computação do seu computador hospedeiro. O presente trabalho apresenta uma avaliação de desempenho dos array processors FPS AP-120B e NUMERIX MARS-432, visando aplicações estatísticas não convencionais. São descritas as razões para a escolha desses equipamentos, a arquitetura de cada array processor avaliado, o método adotado para realizar os testes e um resumo dos resultados obtidos.
Desenvolvimento de um Sistema Coprocessador para Aplicações em Processamento Numérico
Authors: Costa Luciano da Fontoura , Slaets Jan Frans Willem , Li Máximo Siu
Published: March 2023

Apresentamos o desenvolvimento de um sistema de coprocessamento, baseado no processador digital de sinais TMS32010, destinado a aplicações em processamento numérico e em especial em algoritmos de processamento de sinais. Descrevemos as caracteristicas do TMS32010, do sistema desenvolvido e incluimos a aplicação a um Espectrofotômetro Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier [1].
ADM: una Arquitectura Distribuida Multitarea
Authors: Martinez Alejandro Daniel
Published: March 2023

Nowdays, the multi-microprocessor architectures are used in computer fields like robotics and artificial intelligence.
Sistema de Multiprocessamento MPLSI 8701
Authors: Zuffo João Antonio
Published: March 2023

A universidade brasileira ressente-se sem duvida de um equipamento de maior porte que atenue não só suas necessidades de processamento científico, mas também que seja uma máquina aberta que permita aos grupos de informática o acesso a circuitaria e a logicionaria de baixo nível, possibilitando deste modo uma ampla gama de facilidades em pesquisas e desenvolvimentos, não facilmente disponíveis em outros sistemas. Através do MP-LSI 8701 é proposta uma organização e a arquitetura de sistema que além de versátil apresente um baixo custo de implementação, acessível portanto a grande parte das universidades brasileiras.
Segunda Geração de Processadores Paralelos do "Advanced Computer Program" (ACP) Colaboração FERMILAB/URA/DOE & DRP/CBPF/CNPq/MCT
Authors: Schulze B. , Valois R.
Published: March 2023

O Departamento de Relatividade e Partículas do CBPF-CNPq participa de uma colaboração de Física Experimental de Altas Energias com o Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory - URA/DOE. Das experiências realizadas resulta uma enorme quantidade de dados a serem processador e portanto uma grande quantidade de cálculo a ser realizado. Visando atender estas necessidades computacionais surgiu o ACP no no FNAL com um projeto de processamento paralelo. O DRP desde então vem participando do projeto ACP visando suprir algumas de suas necessidades computacionais. No momento temos um sistema ACP de 20 nós com CPUs 68020 funcionando no departamento e estamos participando do desenvolvimento da segunda geração do sistema ACP. Este trabalho apresenta alguns aspectos e características deste projeto.
Avaliação de Compilação Vetorizada
Authors: Álvares Nilzete O. , Eizirik Leila M. R. , Amorim Claudio L.
Published: March 2023

As idéias e algoritmos básicos propostos por Fischer e Donegan são avaliados através da implementação de um compilador. Os resultados experimentais obtidos confirmam a hipótese de que a compilação é maciçamente vetorizável e revelam que apenas dezessete instruções vetoriais são responsáveis por 90% da vetorização. Neste trabalho descrevemos o processo de compilação vetorizada e a metodologia de avaliação. Os resultados obtidos são analisados e conclusões são extraídas.
Uma Solução para o Sincronismo/Relógio em um Sistema Digital de Controle Distribuído
Authors: Souza G. N. F. de , Andrade H. G. de , Moszkowicz M.
Published: March 2023

O sincronismo/relógio, fundamental em qualquer sistema de supervisão e controle, introduz uma série de problemas quando o sistema considerado possui uma arquitetura de multi-microprocessadores, organizados em sub-redes locais de comunicação. Este artigo descreve a solução adotada para o Sistema Distribuído de Controle Digital (SDCD), desenvolvido pelo Cepel-Eletrosul-Furnas. Apesar da solução adotada levar em conta características próprias do SDCD desenvolvido, serve de paradigma para problemas análogos em outros sistemas, principalmente quando as restrições de tempo de sincronismo entre processadores são severas.
Avaliação de Desempenho de Máquinas Paralelas
Authors: Navaux Philippe , Fernandes Paulo , Tazza Maurizio
Published: March 2023

O estudo do desempenho de Máquinas Paralelas passa pelo uso de ferramentas que possam modelar da melhor forma possível o comportamento destas máquinas. O presente artigo propõe níveis de influência no desempenho de máquinas paralelas e por consequência um ambiente para modelagem e avaliação de desempenho. Apresenta-se SARA, um exemplo de ferramenta de avaliação para o ambiente proposto e discute-se a validade da proposta.
Effect of Laryngeal Mask Airway on Image Quality in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wadod Mohamed A. , Aboelazm Omnia Mohammed , El Rawas Mai Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly sensitive to motion, resulting in artifacts and lowering image quality. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) provides numerous advantages over endotracheal tubes as it reduces laryngospasm, coughing, and the risk of postoperative desaturation. Objectives: We aimed to compare LMA with oral airway for airway management during brain MRI in terms of reducing motion artifacts, which can improve image quality. Methods: This randomized, controlled, double-blind trial was carried out on 40 pediatrics aged 1 - 18 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status І and П undergoing brain MRI. Patients were randomized into two equal groups according to the airway method, the control (Guedel oral airway) group and the LMA group. A compatible anesthesia machine was used to provide O2 and sevoflurane 2% - 4%. Results: The mean MRI image quality score was significantly higher in the LMA group than in the control group (26.10 ± 3.97 versus 18.60 ± 5.30, P < 0.001). Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were significantly lower in the LMA group than in the control group at all study times except at baseline and immediate post-extubation (P < 0.05). Cough was significantly lower in LMA than in the control group (15% vs. 50%, P = 0.040). Airway complications (sore throat, laryngeal spasm, and bronchospasm), nausea, and vomiting did not have a significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Compared to Guedel oral airway, using LMA for airway management in pediatrics undergoing MRI scans improved the image quality with less cough and better hemodynamics.
Rapid Decline of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Effect on Mortality Risk of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Gadalean Florica , Parv Florina , Petrica Ligia , Sporea Ioan , Timar Bogdan , Gluhovschi Cristina , Bob Flaviu , Milas Oana , Simulescu Anca , Patruica Mihaela , Chisavu Lazar , Mircea Ciorcan , Schiller Adalbert , Danila Mirela
Published: March 2023

Background: In patients with Hepatocarcinoma (HCC), the association between the rapid decline of kidney function and clinical outcomes is still unknown, although kidney-liver crosstalk is comprehensively studied. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of the rapid decline of kidney function and its potential prognostic role and influence on mortality in HCC patients treated by percutaneous injection therapy (PEIT). Methods: This prospective cohort included 114 HCC, with 64.9% males and a mean age of 65.17 years. The rapid decline of kidney function was defined according to kidney disease improving global outcome (KDIGO). The cancer of the liver Italian program (CLIP) score was calculated to predict survival. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for rapid estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline was performed after evaluating individual covariates. Multivariable Cox regression models for rapid eGFR decline and mortality were analyzed. Results: During a median follow-up of 31 months, 43.85% of patients presented a rapid decline in eGFR. The baseline eGFR was significantly higher in the group with the rapid decline of kidney function: 86.08 ± 19.17 mL/min/1.73m2 vs. 75.53 ± 25.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 (P = 0.001). The CLIP score (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.70 - 3.84, P < 0.001) was independently associated with rapid eGFR decline. In Cox regression, rapid eGFR decline was independently associated with mortality (HR = 3.49, 95%CI: 1.28 - 9.56, P = 0.015). Conclusions: Nearly half of the HCC patients presented a rapid eGFR decline. The HCC severity evaluated by the CLIP score was an independent predictor of the rapid decline of kidney function. The rapid decline in eGFR was associated with a higher mortality risk in HCC patients, independent of other known risk factors.
The Correlation Between Junk Food Consumption and Health-Related Physical Fitness Factors in 10 - 12 Years Students of Kamyaran, Iran
Authors: Kamangar Aiuob , Azizi Mohammad , Samadi Mehnoosh
Published: March 2023

Background: The consumption of junk food among children and adults is increasing, which can affect their general health. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between junk food consumption and health-related physical fitness factors in Kamyaran students. Methods: Based on Morgan's tablet, a total of 309 subjects volunteered to participate in this study, out of 1514 students aged 10 - 12 years in Kamyaran city. The studied schools were selected by the multi-stage cluster method. The mean and standard deviation of the subjects’ age, height, and weight were 11.26 ± 0.68 years, 144.27 ± 4.75 cm, and 39.36 ± 8.01 kg, respectively. This study assessed height, weight, and body mass index based on the cut-off BMI National Health and Nutrition Survey. The physical fitness factors of students were measured according to standard tests. The researcher developed a questionnaire to assess the consumption of junk food. Cronbach’s alpha of this questionnaire was 0.78. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the data. Spearman correlation was used to examine the correlation of variables. Results: There was a significant inverse correlation between junk food consumption and health-related physical fitness factors (P < 0.05), but there was a direct and significant correlation between junk food consumption and body mass index (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between junk food consumption, nutritional knowledge, and behavior in the subjects (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between junk food consumption and healthy attitude in the subjects (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to our results, parents and policymakers should pay more attention to health and physical activity in schools and society.
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Test for Rapid Identification of Clinical Nocardia Isolates
Authors: Taghizadeh Armaki Mojtaba , Hossein Tayefeh-Arbab Mohammad , Jafarzadeh Jalal , Nasrollahian Sina , Baseri Zohre , Mehdinezhad Hamed , Rajabnia Ramazan , Pournajaf Abazar
Published: March 2023

Background: Nocardia is a Gram-positive and partially acid-fast bacterium. The species are widely distributed in the environment and cause severe human infections. Nocardiosis is not easily identifiable due to the lack of pathognomonic clinical signs. Objectives: The present study was designed to develop and evaluate a simple and quick method based on a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detecting Nocardia spp isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 357 BAL samples were collected from two teaching hospitals. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using a set of species-specific primers for the 16S rRNA gene. Kinyoun acid-fast staining and culture were done on the Sabouraud dextrose plate. The optimal LAMP reaction condition was set at 65°C for 45 min, with the recognition limit as 1 pg DNA/tube and 100 CFU/reaction. In addition to calcein and manganous ions, agarose gel electrophoresis was used to visualize the amplified LAMP products. Results: Out of 357 BAL samples, 0 (0.0%), 4 (1.1%), 9 (2.5%), and 10 (2.8%) Nocardia strains were identified by direct staining of partial acid-fast, streak culture plate, PCR, and LAMP methods, respectively. Conclusions: We developed a new LAMP technique for the recognition of Nocardia, which is fast, very precise, simple, and low-cost. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of the LAMP method to detect Nocardia in clinical samples.
Aplication of a gamification learning system in mechanical engineering studies
Authors: Pàmies Vilà Rosa , Fabregat Sanjuan Albert , Puig Ortiz Joan , Jordi Nebot Lluïsa , Hernández Fernández Antonio
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of using a gamification tool as a new teaching strategy. Specifically, Kahoot! is evaluated as a tool for enhancing student learning. We test the tool empirically in a university class setting in an engineering degree, namely as part of the laboratory sessions of the subject Mechanism and Machine Theory during two consecutive academic years. The students were randomly divided into three different groups (control group, gamification group and writing group) and their results were evaluated depending on the learning method applied during the class. In terms of gamification, this project introduces real-time feedback to stimulate the interest of students and help them use the typical tools and methodologies of game-based learning. The analysis of their performance in the laboratory exam shows significant differences between the group that used gamification and the groups that did not. The study concludes that gamebased elements and competitive activities enhanced student performance and recommend their use in educational environments to support the learning process.
Developing and improving competence profiles of project teams in engineering education
Authors: Mikhridinova Nargiza , Ngereja Bertha , Sastoque Pinilla Leonardo , Wolff Carsten , Van Petegem Wim
Published: March 2023

This concept paper reflects an ongoing research on designing students’ team projects in engineering education with a focus on soft skills development. The core idea is to relate project tasks with relevant team situations and team roles which require and train certain sets of soft skills. The paper proposes: a) a model for developing the relevant soft skills out of project tasks, and b) an approach to relate individual competence profiles of team members with an overall team competence profile. A core assumption is that if a team is formed, individual competences are aggregated in a certain way to form a single team competence profile. However, in the case of soft skills this aggregating is more complex than simply adding skill levels, e.g., soft skills in teams are a result of specific combinations of competences. Understanding these effects is relevant for project management and engineering education. The paper proposes a first draft of a systematic framework for investigating such effects and for making them usable for the design of student projects in engineering education. It also provides insight into an example of an agile cross-border project conducted fully online and using the scrum method. The paper is considered to be a contribution to the development of project-based learning.
The Supervenient Causal Efficacy of Chromatically Illuminated Conscious Experience
Authors: Henderson David , Horgan Terry , Potrč Matjaž , Strahovnik Vojko ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

In our work we have drawn attention to an aspect of conscious experience that we have labeled chromatic illumination, which consists of conscious appreciation of a large body of background information, and of the holistic relevance of this information to a cognitive task that is being consciously undertaken, without that information being represented by any conscious, occurrent, intentional mental state. We have also characterized the prototypical causal role of chromatic-illumination features of conscious intentional states, and we have detailed the specific kind of physical-to-mental supervenience situation that would need to obtain in order for a chromatically illuminated conscious intentional state to figure as a supervenient mental cause of one’s subsequent cognition and behavior. In this paper we answer two residual questions. The first is a “How possible?” question, asking whether such a supervenience scenario is really a coherent conceptual possibility, given that it posits a putative conscious feature of conscious experience that allegedly plays a conscious causal role that supposedly constitutes conscious appreciation of information not being consciously represented. The second is a “How plausible?” question, asking whether the details of such a physical-to-mental supervenience scenario can be spelled out in a way that makes actually plausible the claim that chromatic illumination actually gets physically implemented this way in the human brain. We argue that the supervenient causal efficacy of chromatically illuminated conscious experience is not only a genuine conceptual possibility, but also very plausibly can really occur in humans.
A Critique of Kim’s Case That Classical Metaphysical Emergence is Incoherent
Authors: McLaughlin Brian P. ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

Jaegwon Kim, in “‘Supervenient and Yet Not Deducible’: Is There a Coherent Concept of Ontological Emergence?” (2009), attempts to show that C.D. Broad’s conception of metaphysical emergence is incoherent. I argue that Kim’s attempt fails because he fails to recognize that trans-ordinal laws, in Broad’s sense, are supposed to be ontologically fundamental laws. Broad’s conception of metaphysical emergence is coherent, though it is another issue (one I do not address here) whether anything in fact answers to it.
What’s Wrong With Nonreductive Physicalism? The Exclusion Problem Reconsidered
Authors: Morris Kevin ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

Jaegwon Kim argued that nonreductive physicalism faces the “exclusion problem” for higher- level causation, mental causation in particular. Roughly, the charge is that given the presumptive ubiquity of physical causation, there cannot be irreducible mental causes for physical effects. Since there are mental causes, Kim concluded that nonreductive physicalism should be rejected in favor of a more reductionist alternative according to which mental causes are just physical causes differently described. But why should mental causes be “excluded” in this way? Unfortunately, Kim had less to say about this than one might expect. After reviewing some of Kim’s proposals, I suggest that the exclusion problem should be premised on nothing more or less than Occamist, simplicity-based considerations. I apply this conception of the exclusion problem to some prominent responses to Kim’s critique of nonreductive physicalism and argue that this conception mandates reconsidering the success of these responses.
Multiple Types Physicalism: Infirmities of Non-reductive Physicalism
Authors: Preyer Gerhard , Rogler Erwin ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

It is part of Jaegwon. Kim’s life’s work that he has demonstrated that non-reductive physicalism is not an option in the philosophy of the mental. However, he also recognizes the problems of mentalism that cannot be solved by physicalism. This concerns above all phenomenal consciousness, which resists naturalization. In the philosophy of the mental, this addresses a very fundamental problem of what the place of the mental is in the physical world. It is Kim’s merit in the philosophy of the mental to have shown non-reductive physicalism to be contradictory and qualitative experience to have shown its place as a phenomenon that cannot be explained physically. But Kim wants to be a physicalist and functionalist at the same time. For this he describes his position as “physicalism, or something near enough”. It is to Kim’s credit that he has presented non-reductive physicalism as a variation of British emergentism. But this raises a very fundamental problem, whether this is a valid research program of systematization of mental experience or whether it needs another research program.
Functional Reduction with a Third Step:a Larger and Less Reductive Picture
Authors: Endicott Ronald ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

Functional reduction follows two familiar steps: a definition of a higher-level or special science property in terms of a functional role, then a statement describing a physical property that plays or occupies that role. But Kim (2005) adds a third step, namely, an explanation regarding how the physical property occupies the functional role. I think Kim is correct. But how is the third step satisfied? An examination of the pertinent scientific explanations reveals that the third step is best satisfied by a multiple-subject, part-whole explanation, which is to say, a decomposition of the occupier’s causal capacities or relations. This is true even in cases wherein role and occupant properties are identical, for an occupier’s causal capacities are always underwritten by a part-whole explanation. As a consequence, functional reduction is transformed into a larger picture that at bottom always contains multiple layers of distinct, nonidentical properties that divide between parts and their whole systems. I call it “Part-Based Functional Reduction.” My aim is to develop this larger picture of reduction.
The Prospects for Non-reductive Physicalism
Authors: Marras Ausonio ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is provide a reassessment of Nonreductive Physicalism (NP) as a position in philosophy of mind in view of influential critiques of some of its central assumptions and implications. First, I undertake to explicate NP’s foundational concepts and metaphysical commitments in the attempt to establish NP’s internal coherence. Second, I defend NP against an attempt to discredit its theoretical plausibility by responding to what is perhaps the most powerful argument against NP, namely, Jaegwon Kim’s argument to the effect that the very principles of NP commit NP to epiphenomenalism.
Property Identity and the Supervenience Argument
Authors: Mendola Joseph ,   ProtoSociology Project
Published: March 2023

The theses and arguments with which Jaegwon Kim was most identified all crucially involve properties. Events are said to be exemplification of properties by objects at times. Supervenience, despite its many varieties, is a relation between families of properties, such that there is no difference in supervening properties without a difference in subvening, base properties. The so-called ‘supervenience’ or ‘causal exclusion’ argument is directed against nonreductive physicalism, which denies the identity of physical and mental properties. It concludes that if physicalism is true, then mental properties are only causally efficacious when they are identical to physical properties. But despite all the work properties do for Kim, there is little in his writing regarding traditional ontological views about properties, and he sometimes makes claims about property identity that are puzzling and hard to square with other claims he makes. This paper probes this neglected corner of his work, especially in regard to the supervenience argument and the fate of nonreductive physicalism.
Goodness beyond Reason
Authors: Keller Roberto ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

Reasons-first theorists claim that facts about reasons for attitudes are normatively primitive, and that all other normative facts ultimately reduce to facts about reasons. According to their view, for example, the fact that something is good ultimately reduces to facts about reasons to favour it. I argue that these theories face a challenging dilemma due to the normativity of arational lifeforms, for instance the fact that water is good for plants. If all normative facts are, ultimately, facts about reasons for attitudes, then reasons-first theorists must either (a) show that these facts do reduce to facts about reasons, or (b) concede that they do not and, instead, show that this is not a problem for their view. Both options, however, are riddled with difficulties—or so I will try to argue.