bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trastornos a la salud inducidos por cromo y el uso de antioxidantes en su prevención o tratamiento
Authors: Becerra-Torres Sergio L. , Soria-Fregozo César , Jaramillo-Juárez Fernando , Moreno-Hernández-Duque José L.
Published: September 2023

The cell maintains a constant balance of redox processes, thus preserving regulating the balance between pro-oxidant production and antioxidant defense systems. Disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress state which is characterized by increased levels of free radicals, leading to damage or cell death. Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. In this regard, the evidence shows the oxidizing capacity of heavy metals, including chromium. However, this event can be regulated by nucleophilic nature substances which prevent or reverse the respective disorders. In this context, when the capacity of cellular response against the action of reactive oxygen species is suppressed, the intake of products that help keep the respective functional integrity is indispensable. Already reported some beneficial effects of antioxidants on the functional alterations promoted by heavy metals. The intent of this review is to summarize the scientific ability of chromium to induce pathology in different organ systems and the ability of some antioxidants to prevent or reverse this quality.
Traditional use of medicinal plants in a city at steppic character (M’sila, Algeria)
Authors: Sarri Madani , Mouyet Fatima Zahra , Benziane Meriem , Cheriet Amina
Published: September 2023

Context: M’sila city occupies a privileged position in the central part of northern Algeria. The climate of this area is continental, subject in part to the Saharan influences of which vegetation is steppic. Aims: Highlight traditional usage of plants despite environmental characteristics. Methods: An ethnobotanical survey in the city of M’sila was conducted during the period 2011-2012 in collaboration with traditional practitioners, herbalists and healers. A total of 85 adults were able to determine the species and answer questions about the traditional use of plants in artisanal processing, nutritional and medicinal domains. Results: Medicinal plants recorded in the city of M’sila were 36 divided into 16 families and 31 genera. Lamiaceae family predominates (27.8%), followed by Asteraceae (13.9%). Leaves are the most frequently used (27.4%), the aerial parts (18.5%) and thus the seeds (16.3%). It appears that the population is highly dependent on these plants that allow them to treat different pathologies (digestive, stomach, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting) with a percentage (18.6%), carminative (5.7%) and antidiabetic (12.2%). In general, the remedies are administered orally. Indeed, therapeutic use forms are: the tisane or decoction (44.7%), infusion (27.1%) and powder (12.2%). Conclusions: The ethnobotanical survey conducted among traditional healers, herbalists and healers in the M’sila city has created an inventory of 36 species and a database that collected all the information on local and traditional therapeutic applications as well as all the diseases treated.
Microbial and physicochemical assays of paracetamol in different brands of analgesic syrups sold in Sana’a City-Yemen
Authors: Al−Kaf Ali G. , Alghalibi Saeed M. , Edrees Wadhah H.
Published: September 2023

Context: Contamination of pharmaceuticals with microorganisms irrespective whether they are harmful or nonpathogenic can bring about changes in physicochemical characteristics of the drugs. Aims: To assay the microbial and physicochemical characteristics of paracetamol of two hundreds samples of different brands of analgesic syrups sold in Sana’a City, Yemen. Methods: Total viable aerobic count, type of isolated microorganisms, physical properties, and content of active ingredients were identified and evaluated by standard methods and techniques. The SPSS program was used to statistical analysis of variance for results obtained. Results: The total bacterial count of <10 CFU/mL and <100 CFU/mL in 179 (89.5%) and 21 (10.5%) samples, respectively was recorded, while the total fungal count was ≤10 CFU/mL in all analyzed syrup samples. The isolated bacteria were Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus fulvum, and Staphylococcus epidermidis while isolated fungi were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium notatum. Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger were the predominant bacteria and fungi isolated. The color results had a light red liquid with a sweet taste in the analyzed analgesic syrups. The pH values were ranged from 4.44–5.88. However, the density fluctuated from 1.149–1.184 g/mL. The paracetamol concentration as an active ingredient in the analgesic syrup was recorded from 98.19% – 106.53%. Conclusions: This finding showed that all analgesic syrups sold in Sana’a City followed Pharmacopeia specifications on microbial and physicochemical qualities.
Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang) improves the aversive memory in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 transgenic mice
Authors: Maurmann Natasha , de Farias Caroline B. , Schwartsmann Gilberto , Roesler Rafael , Delgado-Hernández René , Pardo-Andreu Gilberto L.
Published: September 2023

Context: The spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA-2) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder without specific therapy identified, and it is related to the loss of function in the cerebellum, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neurotoxic processes. Scientific evidence indicates that Mangifera indica L. aqueous extract (MiE) and its major constituent (mangiferin) display antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions. Aims: To investigate the MiE and mangiferin effects on behavioral outcomes of neurological function in SCA-2 transgenic mice. Methods: The SCA-2 transgenic mice were daily and orally administered during 12 months with MiE (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg), mangiferin (10 mg/kg) or vehicle. It was evaluated locomotion (open-field), aversive memory (inhibitory avoidance) and declarative memory (object recognition). To explore possible cellular mechanisms underlying the in vivo effects was also evaluated their effects on nerve grow factor (NGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in the human glioblastoma cell line U138-MG supernatant. Results: MiE administration did not affect the object recognition memory, but mangiferin did. The natural extract improved selectively the aversive memory in SCA-2 mice, indicating that MiE can affect behavioral parameters regarding fear-related memory. MiE also induced a significant increase in supernatant levels of NGF and TNF-α in vitro in human U138-MG glioblastoma cells. Conclusions: The results suggest that MiE enhances the aversive memory through a mechanism that might involve an increase in neurotrophin and cytokine levels. These findings constitute the basis for the use of the natural extract in the prevention/treatment of memory deficits in SCA-2.
Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities of Gladiolus illyricus
Authors: Basgedik Burcu , Ugur Aysel , Sarac Nurdan
Published: September 2023

Context: In the present study, the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes of G. illyricus were obtained. Aims: To determine the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic properties of G. illyricus extracts. Methods: The antimicrobial activity was studied with the disc diffusion method and the antioxidant capacity by inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and the total antioxidant activity. The antimutagenic activity was investigated by Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenic test. The bacterial mutant strains Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were used to determine antigenotoxic potentials of the extracts. Results: The ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes showed moderate antimicrobial activity only on Bacillus subtilis. The IC50 value for DPPH radical of the aerial parts and rhizomes were 57.1 ± 1.3 and 48.1 ± 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. The total antioxidant activities of the aerial parts and the rhizomes of G. illyricus at 3.15 mg/mL concentration were 92.3 ± 1.4% and 91.5 ± 2.1%, respectively. These extracts showed antimutagenic effects at 0.5 and 5 mg/plate concentrations. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activity of the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes from G. illyricus. Our results indicate that the used of these extracts would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. These activities could be an important topic in the medical and cosmetic fields.
El primer año y el desafío de Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research
Authors: Garrido Gabino
Published: September 2023

El balance del año que culmina Este mes de octubre de 2014 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes) cumple oficialmente un año online. Durante este primer año, JPPRes publicó artículos que describen metodologías y resultados relacionados con la genética, botánica, fármacología, tecnología farmacéutica y toxicología de autores de once países (Tabla 1). Fundamentalmente, los artículos estuvieron relacionados con extractos de plantas, así como compuestos puros derivados de éstas y la mayoría de ellos fueron artículos originales (Tabla 2).
Cuantificación de polifenoles y actividad antioxidante en extractos de cáscaras de Citrus x sinensis ecotipo Pica
Authors: Gutiérrez Flores Jacqueline N.
Published: September 2023

Esta tesis está vinculada con el área de investigación en productos naturales. La cáscara de naranja ha sido estudiada como una fuente rica en polifenoles. Para la extracción de éstos en cáscaras de Citrus x sinensis (L.) Osbeck se utilizaron las técnicas de extracción por maceración y la asistida por ultrasonido, obteniéndose un mayor rendimiento con el primer método. Se determinaron la cantidad de fenoles y flavonoides totales presentes, así como la determinación del contenido de hesperidina por medio de CLAE-DAD y la actividad anti-oxidante para ambos extractos. La tesis está constituida por 81 páginas y su estructura comprende una introducción, 5 capítulos y referencias bibliográficas.
Ovariectomy-induced chronic abdominal hypernociception in rats: Relation with brain oxidative stress
Authors: Garrido-Suárez Bárbara B. , Garrido-Garrido Gabino , Castro Labrada Marian , Bellma Menéndez Addis , Menéndez Soto del Valle Roberto , Delgado-Hernández René
Published: September 2023

Context: Ovarian hormone deficiency observed in menopausal women increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which could be implicated in central sensitization subjacent in chronic functional pain syndromes. Aims: To examine the hyperalgesic state induced by ovariectomy in adult rats and its relation to some oxidative stress outcomes. Methods: The female Wistar rats were divided into normal, sham ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX groups, which were tested for mechanical and thermal hypernociception during 6 weeks and a single acetic acid-induced test 6 weeks after surgery. Redox biomarkers determinations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, glutathione (GSH) and nitrates/nitrites as an indicator of nitric oxide (NO) concentrations were determined in the brain and cerebellum of 6 animals of each group. Results: Exclusivity OVX rats developed a robust state of mechanical hypernociception and allodynia in the abdomen, hindlimbs and proximal tail. Besides, thermal pain thresholds (hot plate) decreased. That was established 3-4 weeks after OVX and lasted for the 6 weeks of the experiment. Increases in visceral sensitivity were also observed in OVX rats. SOD enzyme activity decreased in OVX rats, which showed major deficit for this enzymatic defense under visceral inflammatory injury. However GSH concentrations were increased in brain of OVX animals that allow the balance during acute inflammation. NO concentrations were raised only in OVX rats exposure to chemical inflammatory injury. Conclusions: OVX in rats provide a useful model, which mimics the functional pain in females that could be related with brain oxidative stress.
Medicinal plants with antileishmanial activity on parasites responsible for new-world cutaneous leishmaniasis. A systematic review 2018-2022
Authors: Lozano Yenny Y. , Giraldo Sara E. , Zapata Angela C. , Escobar Jesús E. , Sánchez Ruth M.
Published: September 2023

Context: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease of public health importance; treatment is based on the use of pentavalent antimonials with high toxicity and low efficacy; therefore, it´s necessary to search for therapeutic alternatives derived from natural products, based on the study of medicinal plants as a source of molecules with highly effective leishmanicidal potential. Aims: To carry out a systematic review between 2018 and 2022 on medicinal plants with potential leishmanicidal activity on parasite strains from the New World causing cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: The review study was conducted in four phases following the PRISMA methodology. First, research questions and objectives were formulated to establish the topic areas and construct the search algorithm. Second, a search was performed across different databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Taylor and Francis, and Scielo. Third, articles were chosen based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the relevant information for the review was systematically organized. Results: The search yielded 163 articles, and 12 of them were selected as the basis for the construction of the review. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts stand out, as well as biocompounds such as terpenes and flavonoids. Antioxidant activity on reactive oxygen species was the most frequently cited. Conclusions: Promising terpene and flavonoid molecules with high antileishmanial activity (IC50 <2 μM or <10 μg/mL and SI >1) were identified in this study; these findings provide a scientific basis for the traditional use that communities have given to plants as a therapeutic source to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World.
TRABZON VE YÖRESİ AĞIZLARINDAKİ ALINTI KELİMELERDE GÖRÜLEN SES OLAYLARI
Authors: DİNÇ Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Bu makalede Trabzon ve yöresi ağızlarındaki alıntı kelimeler, bünyesinde barındırdığı ünlüler ve ünsüzlerdeki ses

olayları olmak üzere iki temel başlıkta incelenmiştir. Yöre ağzında kullanılan alıntı kelimeler, yöre ağzıyla ilgili mevcut

çalışmalar ve tarafımızca derlenen kelimelerden seçilmiştir. Makalenin birinci bölümü; çalışmanın yöntemi ve

çeviri yazısının aktarılması, alıntı kelimelerin tasnifi, adlandırılması ve değerlendirilmesini içeren kısmın yanında

Türkçenin yazılı ilk derli toplu metni Orhun Yazıtlarından başlayıp Türkiye Türkçesinin mevcut konumuna kadar

geçirdiği tarihî süreçte temas kurduğu dillerden içeriklerin sunulduğu ve bu dillerden Türkçeye geçen kelimelerin

istatistiğinin verildiği kısmı da kapsar. İkinci bölümde, alıntı kelimelerdeki ses olayları ve ses değişimleri, iki ana

başlıkta alt başlıklarıyla alıntı kelimelerin alındığı dil belirtilerek verilmiştir. İncelenen sözcükler yazı diline geçmiş

güncel Türkçe sözlükte yer alan kelimeleri kapsamaktadır. Alıntı kelimenin geçtiği dille birlikte bu kelimenin tanıklı

olduğu eserler de belirtilmiştir. Kelimelerin transkripsiyonunda TDK’nin kabul ettiği “Ağız Araştırmaları Transkripsiyon

Sistemi” esas alınmıştır. İncelenen alıntı kelimelerden 137’sinin Arapça; 43’ünün Farsça; 29’unun Fransızca;

21’inin Yunanca;7’sinin İtalyanca; 6’sının İ
KAZAN TATAR AĞIZLARINDA GİYİM KUŞAM ADLARI
Authors: GÖKÇE Hülya
Published: September 2023

Giyim kuşam, maddi kültürün bir ögesi olarak baştan ayağa kadar giyilenlerin tamamını içermektedir.

Başlangıçta ilkel toplumlarda korunma içgüdüsüyle ortaya çıkan giysi kullanımı modern toplumlarda

estetik kaygılarla beraber gelişmiş, değişmiş ve zenginleşmiştir. Milletlerin tarihî, kültürel ve sosyal

bağlarına dair pek çok özelliği bünyesinde taşıyan giyim kuşam, toplumların kültürel somut miraslarının

önemli bir parçasını oluşturur. Giyim kuşam kültürünün zengin söz varlığı, dil araştırmalarının

önemli konuları arasında yer alır. Giyim ve kuşam adları bir dilin konuşulduğu dil sahasında en ücra

bölgelerde bile kendine özgü farklı kullanımlarla çeşitlilik gösterir. Ağızlardaki mevcut durumunun

tespiti o dilin söz varlığının zenginliğinin de ortaya konulmasını sağlar. Bu makalede, Kazan Tatar ağızlarındaki

giyim kuşam adları incelenmiştir. Kazan Tatar ağızlarındaki giyim kuşam adları, Tatar Tĩlĩnĩŋ

Zur Dialektologik Süzlĩgĩ (Kazan, 2009) ve Tatar Ḫalık Söyleşlerĩ (Kazan, 2008) adlı eserler taranarak

tespit edilmiştir. Bu kelimeler, vücutta giyildikleri yere göre başa ve boyna, ele, ayağa, vücudun üst ve

alt kısmına, içe giyilenlerle ilgili giyim kuşam adları, tamamlayıcı süs ve takı adları, giyim kuşamda

kullanılan malzemelerle ilgili adlar ve giyim kuşam kültürüyle ilgili diğer adlar şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır.

Adlardan seçili örneklerde kısmen yapı ve köken incelemesi yapılmıştır. Ağızlardak
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İDEOLOJİLERE VE ÜLKÜLERE BAĞLILIKLARINI TESPİT ETMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TURAN Abdullah , ÇİÇEK Ali
Published: September 2023

Türkiye’nin son 20 yılda attığı adımlar ülkenin ideolojik anlamda ve hedefler yönünden bir değişime uğradığını göstermektedir.

Üniversite öğrencileri, ne yaptıkları ve ne yapacakları ile bu ülkenin geleceğine yön vereceklerdir. Bu

anlamda öğrencilerin doğru yöntemlerle yol yürümeleri ve doğru hedeflere odaklanmaları ülkenin geleceği açısından

önemlidir. Bu çerçevede bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin ideoloji ve ülkülere dair algılarının ölçülmesini, bu

iki unsura mevcut bağlılık durumlarının tespitini yapmayı ve bu şekilde ülkenin geleceğinin planlanmasına katkı

sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için öğrencilere demografik durumlarını tespit etmeye dönük 5, öğrencilik durumlarını

tespit etmeye dönük 10, ülke hassasiyetlerini tespit etmeye dönük 10, ideolojik bağlılıklarını tespit etmek

için 9 ve ülkülere ilişkin bağlılıklarını tespit etmek için 9 kapalı uçlu soru/önerme yöneltilmiştir, Buna ilaveten öğrencilerin

yakın oldukları ülkü ve ideolojiyi tespit etmeye dönük olarak 2 açık uçlu soruya yer verilmiştir. Aksaray

Üniversitesi Ortaköy Meslek Yüksekokulu öğrencileri örneği üzerinden gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada online olarak

uygulanan bir anketle 215 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. IBM SPSS (29.versiyon) istatistik programı aracılığıyla “elde edilen

verilerin dağılımları (frequencies, descriptives gibi) ortaya konulmuş”, “öğrencilerin önermelere katılım durumları

değerlendirilmiş” ve veriler “çapraz tablolar (crasstabs) üzerinde gösterilerek yorumlanmış”tır. İncelenen bulgulara

dayalı olarak “sosyal programlarda okuyan, 25 yaş üzeri olan ve ekonomik durumu daha iyi olan öğrencilerin ideoloji

ve ülkü bağlılıklarının daha fazla olduğu” ve
La festividad de Ch’utillos y su impacto económico en Potosí
Authors: Sanabria Solíz Juan Miguel
Published: September 2023

Las diferentes regiones hoy en día tienen diferentes actividades culturales y festivales que forman parte de las estrategias en desarrollo local y regional. Las festividades tienen repercusiones de carácter social, cultural, turístico y económico, ya que la cultura genera impactos importantes en la generación de empleos, reactivación de actividades económicas, los cuales generan flujo de efectivo en las regiones. En este marco, el objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es analizar el impacto económico que genera la festividad de Ch’utillos en la ciudad de Potosí. Se utilizó la metodología de estudios de impacto económico a través de la recolección de datos proporcionados por fraternidades, bailarines, y espectadores, para conocer los gastos directos e indirectos en la festividad. Los resultados muestran el impacto en la economía de la ciudad de Potosí y el resto de las regiones de Bolivia donde se inyecta un flujo económico significativo, teniendo como beneficiarios directos al sector turístico de la ciudad, y a los servicios que ofertan las empresas y comercio familiar. La investigación muestra también la importancia en el flujo económico que generan los espectadores tanto locales, nacionales y extranjeros asistentes a la festividad, constituyéndose Ch’utillos en la fiesta grande de Bolivia por su contribución en la reactivación de la economía de la región.
Análisis jurídico sobre el reconocimiento de la familia multiespecie en el código civil ecuatoriano
Authors: Orellana Carrera Claudia Carolina , Romero Lalvay María Elena
Published: September 2023

El concepto de familia multiespecie involucra la inclusión de las mascotas como miembros del núcleo familiar, requiriendo por tanto de protección y regulación legal al verse como una nueva modalidad de familia. En el Ecuador. La parte concreta del tema civil que se abordó en esta investigación es el posible reconocimiento dentro del código civil ecuatoriano de una nueva tipología de familia, la llamada familia multiespecie, en función del reconocimiento constitucional a la familia en sus diversos, ya que cobra cada día más importancia el hecho de que las mascotas dentro del hogar están vinculadas por lazos de afecto y responsabilidad. Tras analizar este tema se concluye en que dentro de  nuestra legislación únicamente se reconoce a los animales como sujetos de derecho, los cuales requieren de protección e incluso el maltrato hacia ellos está tipificado dentro del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, pero en ningún apartado se los incluye en el Derecho de Familia y para llegar a un reconocimiento como tal, se debe analizar  y regular los efectos y relaciones dentro de obligaciones, sucesiones, entre otros, que son temas que atañen directamente a la familia en el campo de la Ley.
Delineating Firewise Communities/USA® Developing Self-Mapping Techniques for Communities for Wildland Fire Behavior Modeling
Authors:   , Muha Jennifer
Published: September 2023

In an effort to collect boundaries of Firewise Communities/USA® participants in Colorado for academic and professional research, fire prevention efforts of homeowner’s insurance policy holders, and community-level risk planning, an instructional document for Google Maps Engine to self-define was developed. Ten ‘test communities’ were asked to participate, with a 60% response rate. From these responses, no initial problems or difficulties were noted. One boundary was used to model fire behavior in ArcMap, utilizing Spatial Analyst for fuel mitigation and the Wildland Fire Assessment Tool plugin to run behavior models with raster outputs. In conclusion, when Firewise communities worked in conjunction surrounding private and public land, the resulting fire risk was reduced at a greater rate versus the community working alone.
Financial Flexibility and Firm Behavior: Evidence from Emerging Market
Authors: Butt Affaf Asghar , Shahzad Aamer , Ghaffar Bilal , Bilal Sumera
Published: September 2023

investment opportunities that increase shareholder value. Therefore, the purpose of this study is twofold: to explore the difference in characteristics of financially flexible firms from non–flexible firms. Secondly, to investigate the effects of this flexibility on financial decisions and the value of a firm. The sample is drawn from the KSE100-indexed firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange, showing 80 percent of the market capitalization. The data is collected for eight years from 2015-2022. The ordinary least square regression with year and industry fixed effect is used to estimate the proposed hypotheses. The results of the study revealed that financial flexibility has a significant and positive effect on the profitability, dividend payout, and cash holdings of Pakistani firms. At the same time, it significantly negatively influences the firm's value and investment ability. The results reveal a significant difference between financially flexible firms. FF firms have higher ROA, cash holdings, and dividend payout than non-FF firms and lower leverage ratios than non-FF firms. Financial decision-making has a significant effect on the firm value. The consequences of maintaining financial flexibility or low leverage below the optimal debt level remain a puzzle. The financial markets need to improve, which provides more debt and equity securities for firms to improve their financial mix. The stock market improvement also adds to the emerging market's economic health. This study added to the limited literature on financial flexibility or low-leverage puzzle in the emerging market. The results prove that listed firms maintain their debt capacity to avoid future uncertainty when profitable investments are available.
Acute effects of different number of sets and non-equalized volume on muscle thickness, peak force, and physical performance in recreationally-trained participants
Authors: Marchetti Paulo H. , Samaniego Ashley , Talamantez Robert , Lopes Charles , Martinez Vincent
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to measure the acute effects of resistance training (RT) protocols with a different number of sets and non-equalized volume on muscle thickness, peak force, and physical performance in recreationally-trained participants. Fifteen participants performed the unilateral biceps curl exercise in four different RT protocols (G4: 4 sets of 10RM, G8: 8 sets of 10RM, G12: 12 sets of 10RM, and G16: 16 sets of 10RM). The average number of repetitions (ANR), the total number of repetitions (TNR), time under tension (TUT), muscle thickness (MT), peak force (PF), and rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) were measured pre-test and post-test. ANOVAs were used to test differences between all dependent variables. For ANR, there were differences between G4xG8, G4xG12, and G4xG16 and between RT protocols for TNR (p<0.05). There were differences for all RT protocols and between G12 and G4, G8, and G16  for TUT (p<0.05). MT increased and PF decreased for all RT protocols (p<0.001). In conclusion, G8, G12, and G16 showed lower ANR than G4, TNR increased with increasing sets, and TUT increased in all RT protocols. PF decreased with increasing sets and all RT protocols increased MT. The sRPE was similar between RT protocols.
Die ausstehende Entschuldigung: Zum Umgang des offiziellen Deutschland mit dem Völkermord in Deutsch-Südwestafrika (Namibia), 1904–1908
Authors: Kößler Reinhart
Published: September 2023

Über zwei Jahre nach seiner Paraphierung und Bekanntmachung ist das Abkommen zwischen den Regierungen von Namibia und Deutschland, das offiziell der Versöhnung angesichts der kolonialen Vergangenheit und des Völkermordes 1904 bis 1908 dienen soll, noch immer Gegenstand heftiger Auseinandersetzungen in Namibia. Dies liegt in Problemen des Grundansatzes der über fünfjährigen Verhandlungen begründet. Der faktische Ausschluss großer Teile der Opfergruppen von diesem Prozess steht der Legitimität des Abkommens in Namibia im Wege, zugleich hat die deutsche Seite keine Bitte um Entschuldigung vorgebracht, sondern dies zum Verhandlungsgegenstand gemacht. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu offiziellen deutschen Verlautbarungen zu anderen Fällen von Völkermord. Der Ausbau zivilgesellschaftlicher Initiativen kann eine Verständigung außerhalb dieser Blockade fördern, sie aber nicht aufheben.
Classification of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Bird Images Using Deep Transfer Learning Methods
Authors: Özdemir Ahmet , OZKAN İlker Ali
Published: September 2023

The increasing accessibility and affordability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have led to the emergence of malicious users. In precaution to this perceived threat, various anti-UAV systems are being developed, including electro-optical systems utilizing cameras. It is possible to detect UAVs from images using various machine learning methods. However, the similarity between UAVs and birds poses a challenge, as birds can be mistakenly identified as UAVs, leading to false alarms in a security system. In order to avoid this problem, this study provided the classification of birds and unmanned aerial vehicles over images using deep learning methods. In this study, a data set consisting of 400 birds and 428 UAV images was used. The data were divided into 70% for training, 30% for testing and validation purposes. Three different deep learning models, based on DenseNet, VGG16, and VGG19 architectures, were trained using transfer learning techniques, and their performances were compared. Experimental results on the test data showed an accuracy of 94.64% with the DenseNet model, 89.67% with the VGG16 model, and 90.67% with the VGG19 model.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK SP-36 TERHADAP JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata L.) VARIETAS BONANZA F1
Authors: Kinata Andreani , Pujiwati Hesti , Sari Dia Novita , Togatorop Eny Rolenti , Murdani Ilham
Published: September 2023

Abstrak

Jagung manis (Zea mays L. saccharata) merupakan salah satu komoditas holtikultura yang disukai masyarakat. Tingginya minat masyarakat akan jagung manis menyebabkan optimalisasi dalam pembudidayaan jagung manis perlu ditingkatkan. Untuk mencapai hasil tanaman jagung yang tinggi maka diperlukan dosis pemupukan phosfor yang juga tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dosis SP-36 terbaik pada jagung manis varietas Bonanza F1. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari Sampai Mei 2019. Bertempat di Kelurahan Tegal Sari Kecamatan Arga Makmur Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah benih jagung varietas Bonanza F1, pupuk anorganik padat SP-36 yang merupakan salah satu pupuk padat yang di produksi oleh PT. Petrokimia Gresik, pupuk urea, pupuk KCl. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan RAK dengan satu faktor yaitu varietas Bonanza F1, dengan berbagai perlakuan dosis pupuk SP-36 yaitu 100 kg/ha = 36 g/petak, 150 kg/ha = 54 g/petak, 200 kg/ha = 72 g/petak, 250 kg/ha = 90 g/petak. Selanjutnya data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjutan polinomial ortogonal pada taraf uji 5%. Pemberian pupuk pada tanaman dilakukan saat penanaman dengan dosis yang ada pada perlakuan dan diaplikasikan per petak. Hasil penelitian ini adalah berbagai dosis pupuk SP-36 tidak memberikan pengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis varietas Bonanza F1.

 

Kata Kunci : Jagung Manis, Varietas BONANZA F1, Pupuk SP-36
TESTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOURSOP AND SAPAT LEAF INHIBITORS IN THE PRODUCTION OF RED SUGAR
Authors: Nur Alfianto Dendi , Eko Fransisko  , Rizky Septika Utami  , Mardia Apriani
Published: September 2023

Sugar palm plants have great potential to be developed as superior plantation commodities. Having many uses of aren can produce various benefits for society. At present, the limited knowledge and skills in managing aren produce low levels of hygiene, especially in producing sap water. On average, palm farmers use excessive preservatives as a mixture to increase the yield of sap water. Thus causing effects that can be harmful to health. Therefore, additional natural ingredients are needed which can inhibit the acidity of the sap water. One of the natural ingredients that can be used are soursop leaves and sapat leaves. The purpose of this research activity is to determine the effectiveness of soursop and safat leaves in inhibiting acid levels in sap water at the right concentration. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the type of inhibiting plants (soursop leaves and sapat leaves) and the concentration (0 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml and 100 ml) given. Parameters observed were pH and time. The results showed that the treatment of sapat leaf extract with a concentration of 100 ml could inhibit the acidity of the sap water.
EFEKTIFITAS EKSRAK DAUN PEPAYA SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT JAMUR Fusarium PENYEBAB REBAH KECAMBAH PADA CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Sagita Yelin , Haryuni  , Eko Fransiko  , Adnan  , Parwito Parwito
Published: September 2023

big chili (Capsicum year L.) is an important vegetable commodity in Indonesia which is widely used as a cooking flavouring. In addition to protein, fat and carbohydrate nutrients, large chilies also contain vitamins A, B1 and vitamin C which are substances needed for human health (Prayudi , 2010). Red chili production in Indonesia in 2019 amounted to 12,144,1900 tons with a harvested area of ​​133,434 hectares and in Bengkulu province 378,1200 tons with a harvested area of ​​6,489 hectares. Whereas in 2020 in Indonesia it was 12,641,9000 tons with a harvested area of ​​133,434 ha and red chili production in Bengkulu reaching 396,3800 tons per 6,510 hectares (Central Bureau of Statistics, 2020). Judging from the data above, chili production in Indonesia will increase in 2020 and Bengkulu province will also experience an increase in 2020.This research will be carried out from June to July 2022, the research location is in Meranti Jaya Village, Ujan Mas District, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. The research method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 treatment factor, namely papaya leaf extract consisting of 5 levels with 3 replications and each replication consisted of 10 samples, with a dose of p0 = 0 ml/liter of water, p1 = 10 ml/liter of water, p2= 15 ml/liter of water, p3= 20 ml/liter of water, p4= 25 ml/liter of water. The number of plants in the study was P x T x U = 5 x 10 x 3 = 150 plants. Based on the results of variance, it is known that the concentration of papaya leaf extract p1 and p2 has shown a decrease in fungal attackFusarium oxysporum but the inhibitory effect was stronger at concentrations of p3 and p4. it proves that papaya leaf extract has an anti-fungicidal effect against fungiFusarium oxysporum.The research showed that the lower the concentration of the extract given, the less the inhibitory power and the less anti-fungal content, and vice versa if the concentration of the extract given is higher, the anti-fungal content in the extract can be sufficient in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. So it can be concluded that there was a significant effect on the application of papaya leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum and the most effective doses in inhibiting the fungus Fusarium oxysporum were p3 and p4.
Formación Continua y Profesional: Nova Southeastern University en México
Authors: Chávez Arcega Marco Antonio , González Villegas Ma. Palmira , Solís Castañeda Nancy
Published: September 2023

Los avances en tecnología, economía, salud, comercio, y política, entre otros; en un mundo cada vez más globalizado; obliga a las instituciones y organismos públicos y privados, a diseñar nuevos procesos de Formación Continua y Profesional (FCP), a través de modalidades educativas no convencionales. Éstos han fijado su mirada en la Educación a Distancia (ED), la cual rápidamente, está transitando desde un estatus marginal hasta convertirse en una importante opción educativa para la FCP. Lo anterior, es una gran oportunidad para Instituciones de Educación Superior, algunas de las cuales, han establecido acuerdos/convenios de FCP. En este manuscrito se señalan los aspectos académicos, administrativos, financieros y de impacto del Programa de Formación Continua y Profesional (Doctorado en Educación), que en modalidad a distancia, ofrece Nova Southeastern University (NSU) en México, en convenio con la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit; y la Dirección General de Institutos Tecnológicos de México.
Demand for Souvenirs During Covid-19 in Ambon City (UD.N. Case Study)
Authors: Lawalata Marfin , Alzagladi Nadirah , F. W. Thenu Stephen
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to businesses worldwide, with the tourism industry being particularly hard-hit. In Ambon City, where tourism plays a significant role in the local economy, understanding the dynamics of souvenir demand during this crisis is crucial for the survival and adaptation of souvenir businesses like UD.N. This study was aimed at determining the Demand for souvenirs in UD. N. Ambon City. We conducted a mixed-methods research approach. First, surveys were administered to tourists or customers Ambon City to gather quantitative data on souvenir demand and preferences. Second, in-depth interviews were conducted with UD.N. owners and staff to gain insights into their strategies and challenges during the pandemic. Data analysis involved both descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis. Primary data was collected by interviewing as many as 40 people. Our findings reveal a significant decline in souvenir demand during the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to reduced tourism activities and travel restrictions. The results showed that the Demand for food souvenirs was significantly influenced by the price of souvenirs, consumer income, prices of substitute goods, age, tastes, and future forecasts simultaneously. Meanwhile, tastes and future forecasts partially influence the Demand for food souvenirs. On the other hand, the Demand for non-food souvenirs, simultaneously or partially, is not significantly influenced by all research variables. The types of food souvenirs that consumers are most interested in are sago tumbu and Nona Fitria Nut Bagea. Meanwhile, the most popular type of non-food souvenir is Namlea eucalyptus oil in 100 ml.
Aksi Peduli Lingkungan Dan Penanaman Pohon Buah Dalam Mewujudkan Kesinambungan Bumi Di Dekat Kawasan Wisata Bendungan Dam Rejo (BDR) Sanenrejo
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Solehah Arifatus
Published: September 2023

Permasalahan yang ditemui di lapangan ialah terkait masih terjadi beberapa penebangan liar yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat di kawasan hutan Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, kejadian bencana yang sering terjadi seperti halnya banjir bandang dan longsor serta minimnya pemanfaatan lahan yang ditanami pohon buah. Oleh sebab itu, mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Universitas Jember mencari solusi pemecahan masalah dalam mengatasi problematika yang terjadi di lapangan dengan melakukan aksi penanaman bibit pohon buah yang diharapkan bisa dimanfaatkan hasilnya oleh warga sekitar. Solusi yang diambil ini sangat penting untuk kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat demi mewujudkan kesadaran serta kepedulian dalam menjaga bumi. Selanjutnya untuk metode pengabdian yang dilaksanakan disini melalui survey lapangan dan diskusi terkait cara untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan di lokasi. Hasil pengabdian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwasannya peran peserta dalam aksi penanaman bibit pohon buah ini sangat baik dan bahkan mengapresiasi kegiatan pengabdian ini. Oleh karena itu, melalui antusias masyarakat yang tinggi dalam pengabdian ini sangat diperlukan agar masyarakat dekat hutan senantiasa menjaga alamnya.
Learning Video Making Training In Pangkep Regency South Sulawesi
Authors: Retyana Wahrini  , Hasbi
Published: September 2023

In mid-2019 all countries in the world faced the Covid-19 pandemic caused by the Corona virus. Until now, in early 2022, this pandemic has not yet found a cure and is even continuing to expand and more and more people are infected with this virus. The outbreak of this virus caused the Indonesian government to impose large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) and restrictions on community activities (PKM) level 3, level 2 and level 1 for areas affected by this disease, including the city of Makassar. One of the impacts of imposing restrictions in the world of education is causing schools and campuses to implement online learning or learning from home. Based on these conditions, designing and preparing the learning process involves many components and activities that must be well planned, systematic and measurable using internet technology and interactive applications. However, most of the teachers who teach in education units in elementary schools in Pangkajene and the Islands districts are still experiencing problems in preparing learning tools, especially audio-visual media which can be an alternative in delivering teaching material. Conditions like this have the potential to be used as a target location for community service activities in terms of training in making learning videos with screen recording applications. In addition, teachers in general already have laptops and even schools in general have personal computers, so understanding of computer operation is very good. Considering the many benefits, community service activities are carried out at SD Negeri 25 Taraweang, Labakkang District, Pangkep Regency, effective for 2 (two) months.
Writing and death: An overview of the concept of death in Albanian literature
Authors: Gaxha Blerina Rogova ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

From Antiquity to the Postmodern world, the approaches of philosophical and literary thought to death have changed but also remained similar from philosopher to philosopher and from writer to writer. Many of these approaches emphasize the dualities of life/death and soul/body, relying on the argument that everything arises from its opposite through the continuous process of reproduction, just as everything dies. This paper will deal with the concept of death in the work of three authors, Ndre Mjedja, Lasgush Poradeci, and Mitrush Kuteli, who are the main writers and cultural personalities in Albanian literature of the 20th century. The selected authors conceive, create, and promote a plurality of discourses and themes, highlighting the theme of death, through which they reveal the philosophical power of the literary text and the possibilities implicit to literature itself. Their views provide a poetic and cultural background for a theoretical discussion of literary and cultural facets of death. A prelude exploring the concept of death generally will be followed by a discussion of the authors’ works, and finally, a theoretical analysis of these works will round off the investigation of death as a literary and philosophical theme in Albanian letters.
The endophilosophy of interculturalism as a new terminology to describe the equilibrium of Being within the construction of Culture and Identity
Authors: Çuri Arjan , Kashami Ilda ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

Research on the meanings of self and others’ perceptions, beliefs, values, and attitudes in intracultural and intercultural relations is of significant social relevance. A micro-analysis of its development as a whole process differentiated by the single substrates from an endophilosophical and ontological viewpoint will allow the implementation of a new definition of the self, being, and other according to the principles of dynamics and interculturality. This new sense of defining being will not only produce a good conception of the impact of culture on identity but also depict how the opposite, or pathogenic identity, should be considered, especially in times of existential crisis and change. Healthy or pathogenic patterns themselves organize situations where the basic needs of interaction with space are constructed and the equilibrium of everyone is maintained. Therefore, depending on the received information, professionals can formulate an objective analysis of the conscious self.
Extended cognition in education. Psychodrama as an extended mind tool
Authors: Minina Radostina ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

This article addresses the question of whether psychodrama can be viewed as an example of the extended mind thesis and can be applied in an educational context. The extended mind thesis (Clark & Chalmers, 1998) proposes that external artifacts can function as integral components of an individual's cognitive system, augmenting cognitive abilities. The article explores the notion that psychodrama, with its scenes, techniques, and social group dynamics, can be regarded as an extension of the mind. By examining this relationship, the article aims to provide a wider understanding of the implications of the extended mind thesis in the field of education. Viewing psychodrama through the lens of the extended mind thesis emphasizes the role of the environment in shaping cognition, underscores the significance of external resources in the educational process, and highlights the potential of psychodrama as an educational approach.
The Undergraduate Computer Network Teaching Case Library Based on Curriculum Ideological and Political Education
Authors: He Bo
Published: September 2023

The paper studies the significance, content, key issues, innovative points, and research methods of the undergraduate computer network teaching case library based on curriculum ideological and political education. The undergraduate computer network teaching case library based on curriculum ideological and political education enables students to have a deep understanding of computer network knowledge, stimulate their autonomy in learning, improve their computer network skills, and enhance their ideological and political level. Through this case library, we aim to cultivate new era college students who possess both network professional skills and high levels of ideological and political education.
Reporting and Establishment of Reference Intervals for Antiphospholipid Antibody Immunoassays: A Survey of Participants in the College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Program
Authors: Tebo Anne E. , Willis Rohan, , Nwosu Ann, , Bashleben Christine, , Fox David A. , Linden Michael A. , Karlon William J.
Published: September 2023

Context.—

Misdiagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome can occur owing to the wide diversity of antiphospholipid (aPL) assays and a lack of international calibrators and harmonized reference intervals.

Objective.—

To assess laboratory practices regarding reporting and establishing reference intervals for immunoglobulin (Ig) G/IgM anti-cardiolipin (aCL) and anti–beta-2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) assays.

Design.—

Supplemental questions related to reporting and establishing reference ranges for aPL assays were sent as part of the Antiphospholipid Antibody (ACL)-B 2019 College of American Pathologists (CAP) proficiency testing survey. The response rate and methods assessment details were determined, as well as qualitative and quantitative results for 3 test samples.

Results.—

The number of participants reporting results for IgG aCL (n = 489), IgM aCL (n = 476), IgG anti-β2GPI (n = 354), and IgM anti-β2GPI (n = 331) varied by antibody type. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (up to 58.6%, 260 of 444) was the most used method; others included multiplex (from 18.9% to 23.9%), fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (14.4%–17.6%), and chemiluminescence immunoassay (6.5%–9.0%). More respondents reported quantitative than qualitative results, and manufacturer cutoff ranges were used by 92.9% and 94.2% of respondents for aCL and anti-β2GPI, respectively. Despite variation in the use of semiquantitative ranges, qualitative negative/positive reporting of the test samples achieved almost 100% consensus. Qualitative consensus was met in contrast to the wide range of quantitative results obtained for each analyte across different kits.

Conclusions.—

ELISA remains the most used method for detecting aPL antibodies, with most laboratories reporting quantitative results based on manufacturers' suggested reference ranges. The categorization of quantitative results as equivocal, weak positive, or positive for responders using kits from the same manufacturer was variable.