bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance of Informing Patients in Medical Imaging; Radiographers’ Opinion
Authors: Tohidnia Mahammad Rasoul , Cheraghi Zahra , Zeinodini Somayeh , Veismoradi Maryam , Najafi Masoud
Published: June 2022

Background: Informing patients is one of the important tasks of radiographers that correct performance of this ultimately leads to greater efficiency of the diagnostic process, reduction of costs, greater satisfaction, relief of anxiety, and acceleration of the patient’s recovery process. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the views of radiographers regarding the importance of informing patients in various fields of medical imaging. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 112/120 (93%) radiographers working in university hospitals of the west of Iran were studied by random sampling method and voluntarily. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that contains 13 specific questions on a 5- options Likert scale. After confirming the validity of content and reliability by retesting (α = 0.74), data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 15. Results: The knowledge of most radiographers regarding the importance of informing patients in the field of preparation before the examination (94.6%) and radiation protection (84.6%) was highly considered. 58% of radiographers considered informing on radiology equipment and examination procedure and 86.6% of radiographers considered informing on performing positions insignificant. The majority of radiographers considered informing patients in the field of preparation before the examination (80.4%), radiation protection (87.5%), and performing positions (95.5%) as their duty, while 40.1% of radiographers considered patient education about the equipment of radiology department and examination procedure is doctor’s duty and a specialized matter. Conclusions: Radiographers considered it important to inform patients about preparation before examination and radiation protection while patient educating about imaging equipment and how to perform the exam had no effect on the quality of the images produced. they stated informing patients about radiology equipment and examination procedure is the doctor’s duty.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Urinary Tract Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients in the First Year After Transplantation
Authors: Sarmadi Vida , Vahdat Sahar , Shahidi Shahrzad , Atapour Abdolamir , Hosseini Sayed Mohsen
Published: June 2022

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) needs replacement therapy and most often, kidney transplantation is the best therapeutic option. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most important complications after renal transplantation that affects transplantation outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to define the incidence rate, UTI risk factors among kidney transplant recipients, and causative organism of UTI and their antibiotic susceptibility. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we collected clinical, demographic, and laboratory data from 268 transplant recipients in Ali-Asghar Hospital from 2011 - 2018. Data collected from patients were analyzed with SPSS software version 25. Results: According to the results, 50 (18.7%) had UTI in the first year after renal transplantation. Female gender and underlying cause of renal failure were predisposing factors for UTI. The most common causative organism was Escherichia coli (58.4%). The antibiotic susceptibility results showed nitrofurantoin and meropenem as the most effective antibiotics for E. coli. Conclusions: The UTI was more common in women and patients with analgesic nephropathy and lupus nephritis. The most common causative organism was E. coli and meropenem and nitrofurantoin were the most effective drug choices.
Utility of Citrate Dialysis in Patients with Contraindication for Heparin in a Limited-Resource Setting
Authors: Jagdale Rajaram , Almeida Alan , Kothari Jatin , Sirsat Rasika , Surwase Supriya , Thomas Dixon
Published: June 2022

Background: Hemodialysis among critical care patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is challenging, especially if heparin is contraindicated. Objectives: This study assessed the utility of citrate dialysis for such patients in a limited-resource setting. Methods: In this prospective study, patients were divided into group A (heparin-free saline flush dialysis), group B (heparin-free citrate dialysis without flushing), and group C (heparin-free citrate dialysis with flushing). The subjects underwent completed sustained low-efficiency daily dialysis (blood flow = 150 mL/minute, dialysate = 300 mL/minute) or intermittent hemodialysis (blood flow = 250 mL/minute, dialysate flow = 500 mL/minute). Statistical tests using SPSS software (version 26) were used to determine safety and effectiveness differences. Results: Among 25 patients studied with multiple hemodialysis sessions, blood flow and dialysate flow were observed to be better in heparin-free citrate dialysis with flushing. There were further advantages of lesser dialyzer clotting and more reuse of dialyzers. Metabolic differences were insignificant. Heparin-free citrate dialysis with or without flushing was equally effective and safe, compared to heparin-free saline flush dialysis, in patients with or without liver impairment. Conclusions: Citrate dialysis is observed to be a safe and effective alternative to heparin-free saline flushing dialysis in intensive care unit patients with AKI. More such studies are required in limited-resource settings to utilize citrate dialysis in patients with heparin contraindication.
Coagulation Factor VII: Genetic, Molecular, and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Mashayekhi Amir , Ghasemi Ezatollah
Published: June 2022

: Coagulation factor VII (FVII) is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that plays a pivotal role in normal hemostasis. Mature FVII is a glycoprotein comprised γ-carboxyglutamic acid-rich (Gla) domain, two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains, an activation domain, and a serine protease domain. FVII requires proteolytic activation followed by tissue factor (TF) binding for maximal activity. The F7 gene (14.8 kb) is located on 13q34, composed of nine exons and eight introns. The congenital FVII deficiency is a rare coagulopathy with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance that occurs due to mutation in the F7 gene. A considerable number of mutations of different types have been identified throughout this gene affecting the expression, structure, and post-translational alterations of the protein. FVII deficiency is the most frequently recessively inherited bleeding disorder. Subjects with FVII deficiency show a wide range of symptoms, including cutaneous hemorrhage, mucosal hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, joint bleeding, and central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage. Unlike other coagulation factor deficiencies, serum levels of FVII do not demonstrate the severity of the disease, and there is no direct correlation between serum levels and clinical complications. Replacement therapy is the treatment of choice for FVII deficiency. Various therapeutic products such as prothrombin complex concentrate, plasma-derived FVII concentrate, fresh frozen plasma, and activated recombinant FVII are available to treat FVII deficient individuals. This review aims to provide information on molecular, biochemical, and clinical aspects of coagulation FVII, its role in hemostasis, and the consequences of its deficiency.
The Many Gods of Deuteronomy
Authors: Hansen Christopher M. ,   Academic Publishing
Published: June 2022

In the study of the Hebrew Bible and ancient Israel, a consistent area of debate between mainstream and conservative scholars is whether or not the ancient Israelites were monotheists who worshiped El Elyon as their highest god, and whether or not the Hebrew Bible retains any of this. One particular passage of interest has been Deuteronomy 32: 8–9, which most academics interpret as El Elyon distributing the nation to his children, one of whom is Yahweh. This essay seeks to address the rebuttals of conservative scholars who have sought to deny this, by arguing that ancient Israel’s conception of Yahweh was and that he was not a son of El in Deut. 32. This essay rejects these conclusions, principally arguing against the work of Michael S. Heiser, bringing attention to some neglected data which conservative academics (and mainstream ones) have often overlooked in trying to elucidate this passage and demonstrating that the consensus reading of the passage makes the most sense of the text.
Journalism and politics: Journalists on communication practices with political actors
Authors: Popović Helena , Rodik Petra
Published: June 2022

Media and politics are related within a complex and dynamic field of interlinked institutional preactices, public policies and particular interests of diversified social groups. This paper presents one segment of the results derived from the Research on attitudes and experiences of journalists in Croatia on the openness of state bodies towards journalists, conducted for the Branch of Investigative Journalists within the Croatian Journalists' Association. The target group were journalists that reports about the political domain, events and processes in their professional work. The presented results include modes of communication in journalists' practices and the assessments of attributes of communication. They are interpreted within the framework of the ideology of professional journalism and the social changes that have, in the last few decades, essentially changed journalistic work. According to the survey results it is visible that journalists relate to their profession in accordance with values intrinsic to the ideology of professional journalism, however these values co-exists with ideas and practices that are in contradiction to them. Commercialization of the media and digital technologies have, to a large extent, moved journalism away from "classical" professional principles, and they have also contributed to the transformation of journalist work that is now primarily oriented towards the mastering of technological skills within a convergent environment and within which there is a deeply rooted commodified logic of action, while intellectual work has become "redundant". Such an environment is surely not an incentive for the reflection of one's own profession, that is, apparently, more needed than ever.
Political discourse analysis on Kosovo and Metohia in the newsmagazines Nin and Time: Micro-genre textual analysis
Authors: Zalad Gordana
Published: June 2022

This paper is a contrastive genre study of political discourse in newsmagazines in two different political, social, cultural and language contexts. The research object of the study is rhetorical and language analysis in the newsmagazines (Time and Nin) with a "common platform" of subject matter on Kosovo, taking into account its importance and the number of texts devoted to Kosovo in both magazines. The theoretical framework consists of: new contrastive rhetoric; new rhetoric genre studies; critical discourse analysis and systemic functional linguistics. The research has been conducted on a corpus collection of 50 articles in English and Serbian languages, during the period of 2000-2013, published in two newsmagazines at different level of circulation. The main assumption in the genre theory that genre is a social action has been applied in this study in the sense that the articles of newsmagazines represent social activity in the institutional context in two different settings. The micro-genre analysis has shown significant difference in the two sets of articles: the most dominant micro-genre in the English corpus is argumentative media exposition, while explanatory media exposition is in the Serbian corpus. Deep rhetorical analysis of the data has shown significant differences in the structure of the texts. The authors of Serbian articles have shown greater individuality and diversity in the formation of their commentaries.
Subliminal messages in prison
Authors: Nadarević Damir
Published: June 2022

There are subliminal messages all around us, whether we want to admit it or not. The possibilities of consciously influencing the unconscious with the aim of manipulating human behaviour have been explored since as far back as 1884 (American researchers Pierce and Jastrow). Prisons are a symbol of the power of the state, an instrument of fear and, ultimately, the places for housing people whose behaviour is unacceptable to the community. Therefore, certain forms of manipulation of prisoners, disguised as re-education and resocialisation, as declarative goals of punishment, are considered a legitimate "right" of the state. What this paper will cover in particular is the detection of subliminal messages as manipulative instruments imprisoned persons are exposed to while serving a prison sentence. The paper gives a definition of subliminal messages, shows the ways in which such can be inserted into certain content of activities performed in prison, and their re-educational value is assessed. Special emphasis is placed on prison symbols as carriers of subliminal messages, on the architecture of the prison itself, the layout of the rooms used by employees and rooms where prisoners spend their time, the colours of those rooms, smells and sounds inside them, different ways of artistic expression but also on the employee-prisoner relations as well as peer relationships among prisoners themselves, their customs, ceremonies, discourse and gestures. All of the above, in the end, has at least two dimensions: a declarative (regulated by law) and, for the purpose of understanding the prison and its tasks, a much more valuable, covert, subliminal one.
The Internet as marriage middleman: New patterns of love affairs in XXI century
Authors: Petrović Dalibor , Pejković Kristina
Published: June 2022

The basic assumption of this paper is that the Internet has taken on a "matchmaking role" in creating emotional and marital relationships that are determinated with matching algorithms on the one hand, and virtual dating on the other. Therefore, our goal is to examine the basic social factors that contributed to the Internet's role in this regard. Accordingly, we will consider the potential consequences of such a transformation. First, we will analyze broader social processes that lead to the extraction of people from primary and direct relationships and to their re-rooting with the help of technological intermediaries. In this way, new communities based on the network principle are re-created, with the consequences of the building of friendly and emotional relationships. A revolutionary change of Internet technology is the possibility of making close connections with people who did not know each other before. In this regard, we will analyze the circumstances that led to the sphere of intimate relations becoming the most technologically mediated social sphere in the 21st century, because the Internet has become an irreplaceable, possible sovereign middleman of love affairs. The conclusion is that algorithms, not the "game of fate", will determine who will produce offspring with whom, in the future.
What's quantum got to do with it?: Engaging the new sciences in criminology and criminal justice
Authors: Milovanović Dragan
Published: June 2022

Contemporary social sciences are rooted in Isaac Newton's ontology. This interdisciplinary article advocates an engagement with the new sciences, particularly quantum theory and quantum holography. It focuses particularly on the field of criminology, which amongst the social sciences stands as the most obstinate in a time when new thinking to deal with the crime problem is most compelling. It offers possible changes in our methodological approaches. It advocates a transformative justice as a replacement to "criminal justice" and "restorative justice".
Aggravated murder in a cruel manner
Authors: Ćorović Emir
Published: June 2022

Aggravated murder in a cruel manner is a form of murder which is prescribed in Article 114, paragraph 1, item 1 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia. The article emphasizes the meaning of the notion of cruelty as a determining feature of this crime. It is a complex concept that has its objective, but also subjective aspects. Namely, cruelty on the one hand means depriving the victim of life in a way that inflicts excessive pain and suffering, while, on the other hand, it is necessary for the perpetrator to demonstrate a specific emotional relationship towards these pains and sufferings (in the form of pleasure, enjoyment, lack of pity, etc.). Furthermore, the issue of guilt in this crime was analyzed, especially the possibility of its existence in the case of insanity and significantly reduced sanity. Although the case law rules that in these cases, aggravated murder in a cruel way is not possible, the article argues the opposite thesis. In the end, the issues with attempting and preparing a aggravated murder in a cruel way were discussed. The latter institute may be interesting since the amendments to the Criminal Code from 2019 criminalize the preparation of aggravated murder (it is a so-called delicta preparata), with the provision that the article argues that this provision cannot be applied to aggravated murder in a cruel way.
Corrigendum: Comparison of the antioxidative action of the two N-acetylcystein containing products: Propomucil® and Fluimucil® in a group of smokers who have seasonal coughing problems (2018, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 33-41)
Authors: Obradović Teodora , Radišić Biljana , Agić Anita , Korčok Davor , Mirković Duško , Spasojević-Kalimanovska Vesna , Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena
Published: June 2022

At every place in the article word Fluimucil is replaced by NAC (N-acetil-cysteine) as follows: 1. Article titles (English and Serbian version) from the Content, general article title (page 33) and article headers at the pages 33-41. 2. INTRODUCTION - Last sentence in the Introduction section (page 34). 3. MATERIAL AND METHOD - Second sentence in the first paragraph (page 34); Second column, third paragraph (page 34). 4. RESULTS - First column, second paragraph at the page 36; Figure 2 title (page 37); first column, first paragraph (page 37); subtitle (page 37); text second column, second paragraph (page 37); Table 3 header (page 38); first column first paragraph text below the table 3 (page 38); text below the subtitle: second column, second paragraph (page 38); text below Figure 3 (legend, page 38); Table 4 header (page 39). 5. CONCLUSION - page 40. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
The role of corporate governance in sustainable development
Authors: Jestrović Vladimir , Jovanović Valentina
Published: June 2022

For seven decades, theorists and practitioners have been exploring management that has led to confusing results and conclusions. In this study we are trying to prove that there is a need for better link between the needs and challenges of individual leaders and the practices of big corporations trying to select, support, measure, motivate and develop a very large number of leaders around the world. We are looking for a solution that would be understood through an increased workload, speed and the globalizing complexity of organizational life by placing additional requirements for researchers. Our main thought is that most researchers are interested in individuals while they completely ignore the corporate context.
Impact of orography and stand canopy on stand volume in pure uneven-aged beech stands
Authors: Đorem Todor , Miletić Boban , Matović Bratislav , Galić Zoran , Orlović Saša , Gutalj Marko , Bojić Stefan , Filipić Branislav
Published: June 2022

European beech is one of the most important and most common tree species in Europe, which have extremely wide amplitude in sense of horizontal and vertical distribution. In Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) represents one of the most important tree species from an economic and ecological point of view, because it's constituting significant areas of highly productive pure and mixed forests. The main goal of this research is to determine the influence of orography (slope, aspect, elevation, and spatial distribution-climate zone) and one stand characteristic (canopy) on stand volume in pure uneven-aged beech stands. The existence of the aforementioned influence was analyzed using multi-factor ANOVA (Type II sums of squares). The research was conducted on 20 localities (grouped in 3 climatic zones). One in the eastern part of Serbia on 8 localities (Moesian province), second in the eastern part of Republika Srpska on 7 localities (Illyrian-Moesian province), and third in the northwestern part of Republika Srpska on 5 localities (Illyrian province). The obtained results showed that only slope (p≤0.1) and canopy (p≤0.001) have a statistically significant impact on stand volume in pure beech stands.
The influence of powdery mildew on chlorophyll a fluorescence and stomatal characteristics of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)
Authors: Vastag Erna , Orlović Saša , Bojović Mirjana , Kesić Lazar , Pap Predrag , Stojnić Srđan
Published: June 2022

Oak powdery mildew (Erysiphe alphitoides (Griffon and Maubl.) U. Braun and S. Takam.)) is one of the most common foliar pathogenic organism of oaks, exploiting harmful effects, particularly on young seedlings. To assess and evaluate these negative effects, an experiment was conducted under semi-controlled conditions with 20 one-year-old seedlings of Quercus robur L. infected with E. alphitoides, half of them showing 50% of leaf coverage by epiphytic mycelia and the other half a coverage of 75%. The results of the present study have shown that all observed parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence transient were highly effective in the detection of severe biotic stress. Moreover, the studied parameters of slow fluorescence kinetics were also considerably influenced, with the coefficient of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching and the Stem-Volmer type non-photochemical fluorescence quenching parameters showing the fastest responses. In case of leaf stomatal traits, the decrease of stomata guard cell width coupled with the increase of stomatal density was observed as the protective mechanism of Q. robur against the stressor. The overall results showed the adverse effects of powdery mildew infection on the photosynthesis of pedunculate oak seedlings, which progressed in time and depended on the severity of the infection. The importance of the results of the present study lays in evaluation and monitoring of the effects of powdery mildew development on the photosynthetic apparatus of one-year-old Q. robur seedlings, which is the most vulnerable stage for the infection by the mentioned pathogen.
Zonality of grassland and forest in Republika Srpska according to Copernicus database
Authors: Drašković Branislav , Stjepanović Stefan , Petronić Slađana , Marić Nataša , Ponosov Aleksandr , Zhernakova Natalija
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the distribution of grassland and forest vegetation in the Republika Srpska, zoning by natural regions and altitude zones and the changes that occurred in the period 2000-2018. The territory of Republika Srpska belongs to three large natural regions of different physical and geographical characteristics, with specific environmental factors that affect the distribution of vegetation. Altitude significantly affects the occurrence and types of vegetation, so a digital elevation model with a 25 m resolution was used for the analysis of vertical zonality, in order to process data on the distribution of grasslands and forests by altitude zones. Copernicus Grassland and Forest databases were used, for the period 2012-2018. Given climate change and increasing droughts, which indirectly affect the quantity and quality of vegetation, monitoring and managing grasslands and forests will be an important challenge for Republika Srpska. The results of the research show that the grassland according to the Copernicus Grassland database occupies 19.7%, and the forest vegetation according to the Copernicus Forest covers 60.1%, which is almost 80% of the territory of Republika Srpska. Grasslands are most widespread in the area of medium-high and high karst fields of eastern Herzegovina. There are more pastures in the lower altitude zones, while natural grasslands predominate in the higher zones. Forests predominate in the central mountain-valley region. Broad-leaved forests dominate at lower altitudes and coniferous forests at higher altitudes. The European program for monitoring the Earth's surface via satellite remote sensing is a new technology, so the results obtained for the territory of Republika Srpska can be considered a novelty, which is the most significant contribution of this paper.
Testing the effectiveness of raspberry flower extract as an inhibitor of copper's corrosion in 3% NaCl
Authors: Kasapović Dejana , Korać Fehim , Bikić Farzet
Published: June 2022

The paper presents an examination of the possibility of applying raspberry flower extract (Rubus idaeus L.) as a green inhibitor of general corrosion of copper in 3% NaCl. Raspberry flowers (Rubus idaeus L.) sort Polka were collected from the Moševac near Maglaj city, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Raspberry flower extract in ethanol was obtained by ultrasonic extraction. A significant content of polyphenol was found in the raspberry flower extract by UV/VIS spectrophotometry analysis. Results obtained by DC techniques (by the methods of Tafel extrapolation, potentiodynamic polarization and linear polarization) prove that the corrosion rate decreases in the presence of the raspberry flower extract. Tests performed by the method of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy prove that the tested extracts slow down the kinetics of the corrosion process, which is visible through the increase in resistance. The results of the conducted tests prove that in an aggressive medium, such as 3% NaCl solution, Polka raspberry flower extract can be used as an inhibitor of copper's corrosion.
Economic and technological aspects of the impact of PM2.5 particles on human health and productivity
Authors: Lončar Dejan , Krstić Vesna , Brown Tyack , Jovanović Mihailo , Paunković Jane
Published: June 2022

Over the past decades, technological and economic growth has significantly contributed to the improvement of the health care system through increased investment in technological research, training and the application of new technologies in health care. There is evidence that rapid technological and economic growth, contributing to the improvement of the health care system, also leads to a reduction in mortality rates, as well as to a longer life expectancy, which indirectly affects human activity in scientific and political spheres. At the same time, there is evidence that 2.5-micron particles (PM2.5 particles), as a result of industrial development and increased car use, have a negative impact on health outcomes around the world. This paper analyses the impact of increased concentration of PM2.5 particles in the air on economic and technological development, in order to explore whether there is an interdependent relationship between them. The paper aims to clarify the long-term effect of PM2.5 on health outcomes, control of technological and economic growth, as well as other important factors, based on the analysis of given panel data and the application of modern econometric methods. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to provide information on the negative impact of PM2.5 particles on human health, as an indirect impact on the development of new materials and technologies, taking into account socio-economic factors at the global level.
Analysis of biomedical materials and parts: Advanced nano(micro)-characterization by neutron beam techniques
Authors: Rogante Massimo
Published: June 2022

The progress of the study of biomedical materials and devices, as well as their advancement, especially depend on the application of efficient characterization techniques to evaluate key physical parameters connected to performances, damage and quality. A main aim is to establish correct relationships between macroscopic functional properties and nano(micro)-characteristics. Numerous invasive biomedical devices, e.g., as planned to remain in the human body for the entire life of the patient, once implanted, operate in the ionic environment of the blood and in contact with the released substances and cells. The consequent effects must be added to the other aging factors: the dynamic stress of the pulsation is one of these effects and concerns the operational of self-expandable stents installed in arteries such as the carotid to correct stenosis. Neutron beam techniques are an excellent tool to study materials and parts of biomedical interest, contributing to solve important questions linked with the methodological restrictions of the analysis methods generally adopted: their results, complementarily, can help improving quality and functionality. This paper concerns the advanced nano(micro)-characterization of biomedical materials and parts by these non-destructive and non-invasive nuclear methods. Some examples related to the biological field are also mentioned. For applications in the biomedical and in the industrial sectors, the Rogante Engineering Office has developed particular methodological approaches and dedicated processing and treatment procedures.
Oxygen reduction reaction on electrochemically deposited sub-monolayers and ultra-thin layers of Pt on (Nb-Ti)2AlC substrate
Authors: Petričević Aleksandar , Jović Vladimir , Krstajić-Pajić Mila , Zabinski Piotr , Elezović Nevenka
Published: June 2022

Catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.5 M H2SO4 was investigated at sub-monolayers and ultra-thin layers (corresponding to 10, 30 and 100 monolayers, (MLs)) of Pt electrochemically deposited on (Nb-Ti)2AlC substrate. Electrochemical deposition of Pt layers on (Nb-Ti)2AlC substrate was achieved from the solution containing 3 mM K2PtCl4 + 0.5 M NaCl (pH 4) under the conditions of convective diffusion (RPM = 400) using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) at a sweep rate of 2 mV s-1 , by determining limiting potential for deposition of each Pt sample from the QPt vs. E curves. The Pt samples were characterized X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS analysis showed that practically the whole surface of (Nb-Ti)2AlC substrate is covered with homogeneous layer of Pt, while Pt ion reduction was complete to metallic form - Pt(0) valence state. Then oxygen reduction was studied at rotating disc electrode by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. Two different Tafel slopes were observed, one close to 60 mV dec-1 in low current densities region and second one ~ 120 mV dec-1 in high current densities region. This novel catalyst exhibited higher activity in comparison to carbon supported one, in terms of mass activity - kinetic current density normalized to Pt loading.
The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil formed during incineracion of e-waste at the sites of its inadequate disposal and recycling
Authors: Papludis Aleksandra , Simonović Ana , Alagić Slađana
Published: June 2022

Electronic and electric (e-) waste is a major environmental problem worldwide. An improper handling, disposal and recycling of e-waste lead to the negative impacts on the environment, especially on soil pollution. It is known that, in the environment, organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can be formed in several ways, including the pyrolytic processes during the incineration of e-waste. Given that these organic substances are very toxic, even in extremely low concentrations, the main goal of this paper was to present a literature review of PAHs in the soil near the sites for the disposal and recycling of e-waste that are not regulated according to the adequate, positive legislations.
Industrial waste as a factor of increasing the chemical resistance of ceramics
Authors: Chernyak Lev
Published: June 2022

The possibility of the manufacturing of ceramics with equally high indicators of acid and alkali resistance is shown. The effect achieved is associated with the formation of a system of crystalline phases of anortite-hematite-cristobalite during the firing of masses created on the base of compositions of red mud and polymineral clay. Technological schemes of the production of ceramic materials from masses with the total content of 60-80% of red mud, non-ferrous metallurgy waste, which is the factor of increase of decorative and operational characteristics of production are proposed.
História Global como Rizoma: possibilidades e limites de uma nova abordagem
Authors: Gouveia Jaime Ricardo , Lemos Levi Silva
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo visa discutir uma nova abordagem de história global: a perspectiva de rizoma. Partindo do modelo epistemológico de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, advogar-se-á um novo paradigma, explicando-se o que existe de novo e original numa história global assim perspectivada, ponderando as virtudes e os limites que essa abordagem comporta. Têm-se registado no último quarto de século, por todo o mundo, transformações muito decisivas ao nível socioeconômico, cultural e político. Essa atmosfera de mudanças, muitas das quais inegáveis avanços para o bem-estar da sociedade contemporânea, como a automação, a revolução tecnológica, e o crescimento exponencial e irreversível do mundo virtual, lançou novos reptos aos quais algumas ciências sociais e humanas ainda não conseguiram dar uma resposta cabal. Neste quadro de superfluidade, os instrumentos convencionais de pesquisa, de reflexão e de análise no âmbito da história, ou melhor, de produção de conhecimento histórico, têm vindo a ser afinados e em alguns casos substituídos. Com o seu foco na integração e na conexão, a história global emergiu desse contexto, mostrando-se uma proposta convincente para a construção de um conhecimento histórico simultaneamente abrangente e profundo, evidenciando, porém, limites que obrigam a refletir sobre como pode este modelo ainda não dominante na historiografia brasileira, do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, ser aprimorado. É o que se propõe neste artigo.
Palavras-chave: história global; rizoma; novo paradigma
Para Além da Lusofonia: o Toronto Committee for the Liberation of Portugal’s African Colonies (TCLPAC) do Canadá e a Luta Anticolonial em Angola e Moçambique (1972-1975)
Authors: Paredes Marçal de Menezes
Published: June 2022

A campanha anticolonial contra a presença portuguesa na África mobilizou o cenário internacional em diversos âmbitos. Para além do direto envolvimento dos movimentos de libertação com as superpotências da Guerra Fria (seja na diplomacia, seja no suporte militar), a opinião pública internacional manteve-se atenta aos acontecimentos ocorridos em Angola, Moçambique e Guiné-Bissau entre 1961 e 1975. Particularmente nos países ocidentais, o contexto dos movimentos de contracultura num amplo espectro das esquerdas chamou atenção para uma tomada de consciência global sobre a relação perniciosa entre o racismo, o colonialismo e o capitalismo. Esses eixos críticos se articulam na criação de diversos comités políticos em apoio à luta pela liberdade de angolanos, moçambicanos e guineenses. Este vínculo vai além das fronteiras lusófonas, manifestando um agenciamento político transnacional de elevada significância. A fundação do Toronto Committee for the Liberation of Portugal’s African Colonies (TCLPAC), em 1972, enquadra-se nesse cenário geral. Este artigo apresenta a história desta organização canadense engajada na luta contra o colonialismo português. Dá realce à trajetória de um de seus principais fundadores, às peculiaridades do contexto canadense na época e analisa suas ações, seu significado político interno (Canadá) e externo (Angola e Moçambique), bem como os resultados conseguidos até 1975. Depois da independência das ex-colônias portuguesas na África, a organização amplia seus objetivos e troca de nomenclatura, expandindo ainda mais seu alcance.
Palavras-chave: Anticolonialismo; História Transnacional; Relações África e Canadá.
The Relationship between Spousal Violence and Levels of Education:
Authors: Masaiti Gift , Mapoma Chabila C. , Sikwibele Muyapekwa , Kasonde Mwewa
Published: June 2022

Domestic violence against spouses, especially women, is a serious human rights issue and a well-recognised global public health concern. While it is often attributed to low educational levels, research on this relationship has produced mixed results. This study investigated the association between domestic violence against women and education level, especially higher education, in Zambia. The data were sourced from the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey, which surveyed a nationally representative sample. A total of 11 778 women responded to the survey’s module on domestic violence. Given that the study was interested in domestic violence experiences perpetrated by spouses, the sample was restricted to currently married women. The results show that wives with a higher level of education than their husbands were more likely to experience different forms of domestic violence than those with a lower or the same educational level as their husbands. Women’s household wealth and age, the husband’s level of education, and spousal education differences were found to be significantly associated with domestic violence. It is thus concluded that increasing the educational level of both spouses could be effective in reducing domestic violence in Zambia.

Key words: Levels of education, spousal violence, Demographic Health Survey
Stakeholder Perceptions and Uptake of Private Higher Education in South Africa
Authors: Singh Divya , Tustin Deon
Published: June 2022

Globally, private higher education offers access to higher education, especially where public provision cannot cope with demand. However, South Africa does not mirror this trend. This article reports on a survey of stakeholders’ understanding of private higher education in South Africa that aimed to determine why it has not grown to complement public higher education in mitigating the access gap. The findings point to limited knowledge of private higher education, especially amongst parents. Furthermore, there are perceptions that it is expensive with low returns on investment, as well as a lack of trust in the value of the qualifications and quality of the tuition offered. However, the respondents also acknowledged the advantages of private higher education and graduate success. Based on these results, addressing perceptions of costs and more effective communication should be priorities for both this sub-sector as well as the national authorities. This is important as South Africa will be unable to reach the National Development Plan’s target of 1.62 million students in higher education without the private higher education sub-sector complementing public universities.

Key words: Private higher education, reasons to select private HEIs, teaching and learning quality, private higher education cost, graduate employability, contribution to the HE sector
‘Sexist Humour’ towards Female Students in Higher Education Settings
Authors: Kanyemba Roselyn , Naidu Maheshvari Naidu
Published: June 2022

Sexism and sexual harassment in educational settings have rightfully gained much attention from researchers. Explicit harassment has seemingly been restrained through the introduction of policies criminalising these acts, but latent or less discernible harassment still occurs through channels such as sexist humour. This study sampled 20 female and ten male students at a university in Zimbabwe. Through interviews and focus group discussions, it explored how gender intersects with ‘culture’, manifesting in sexist humour, and how this contributes to campuses being hostile to females. Grounded on Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the study explored issues of power and powerlessness and the invisible power that underlies sexist humour in education settings. It revealed that females in higher education settings are often subjects of gender ideology and stereotyping where female submission is emphasised, as evidenced by the kind of sexist humour that prevails. The study concluded that sexist language use is related to a particular kind of hegemonic masculinity that condones verbal violence against female students.

Key words: Misogyny, sexist humour, patriarchy, harassment, gender
Decoloniality and Africanisation as Instruments for Change:
Authors: Letsekha Tebello
Published: June 2022

The end of 2017 marked a significant change in South African higher education with the government’s announcement that free higher education would be extended to poor and working-class students. For students who engaged in protest action to demand a curriculum which centers Africa and takes African discourses as its point of departure, this was a partial victory. While concessions were made regarding fees and the removal of colonial-era statues, students continue to grapple with the form and purpose of higher education. This struggle is not a new one; it can be traced back to the early 1960s when Black student movements rejected colonial and apartheid ideas at an intellectual level. In grappling with the critical epistemological questions raised by students, scholars have proposed the notions of decoloniality and Africanisation as instruments to rethink the purpose and form of higher education. Using sociological discourse analysis, this article examines the pragmatism of these concepts in the quest for relevance in higher education.

Key words: Africanisation, decoloniality, sociological discourse analysis, higher education
Student Satisfaction with Private Tertiary Education Provision in South Africa in the Times of #FeesMustFall
Authors: Simpson Zach , Jingura Valentine , McKay Tracey
Published: June 2022

Against the backdrop of a growing population and increased demand for tertiary education, South Africa’s private higher education sector has grown considerably since 1994. However, it has long been beset by perceptions of poor quality. This study surveyed private university students to gauge their satisfaction with their institutions. It also explored whether, as posited by some scholars, the disruptions caused by the #FeesMustFall movement across South African public universities may result in greater private tertiary education enrolment. The students who participated in the online survey expressed moderate satisfaction with their universities. Their biggest concern was the high cost of private tuition. Moreover, they were sympathetic to the #FeesMustFall movement, expressing a willingness to enroll in public education in the future. Nonetheless, concerns regarding safety and security in public universities loomed large, whereas they were confident that their private institutions fully met their safety and security needs.

Key words: Private higher education; South Africa; student satisfaction; voice exit loyalty; higher education studies
Swedish Whiteness, German Multiculturalism, French National Identity, and American Racial Profiling
Authors: Gindt Dirk
Published: June 2022

Populated by characters from the Middle East, North Africa, Southeast Asia, and Sweden, Jonas Hassen Khemiri’s debut play, Invasion! (2006), marked one of the first intercultural theatrical events on a mainstream Swedish stage. It unapologetically confronted audiences with the consequences of stereotypical representations of Muslim men as fundamentalist terrorists and further criticized the notion of “Swedishness” for not just working as a mere designation of nationality and citizenship, but also a silent, yet powerful signifier of whiteness. Moreover, Invasion! was the first play to be performed in a mainstream theatre by a cast that had an intercultural and international background and could effortlessly switch between standard Swedish (rikssvenska) and suburban Swedish (ortenspråk).Acknowledging the fifteenth anniversary of Invasion!, this article looks back upon the watershed of director Farnaz Arbabi’s original production and the play’s subsequent transnational impact. How did a play that was defiantly at odds with the hegemonic whiteness of the performing arts in Sweden, at that point in time, not only become a modern classic that found its way into the university curricula, but went on to garner an impressively transnational success? What exactly captured the interest and attention of theatre artists in Germany, France, the US, and many other countries? And how did international reviewers react to and interpret the work? What interests me specifically is to study how the play has ‘travelled’, how its characters and themes have migrated to different national and linguistic contexts, engendered new creative networks and transnational dialogues as well as unfolded multiple layers of cultural translations in the process. A genuine understanding and appreciation of Khemiri’s work, I suggest, necessitates a transnational outlook that, in turn, sheds light on Nordic theatre and performance as increasingly intercultural and motivated by concerns that are not regional but global.
Live imaging of the co-translational recruitment of XBP1 mRNA to the ER and its processing by diffuse, non-polarized IRE1α
Authors: Gómez-Puerta Silvia , Ferrero Roberto , Hochstoeger Tobias , Zubiri Ivan , Chao Jeffrey , Aragón Tomás , Voigt Franka
Published: June 2022

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to nucleus homeostatic signaling, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), relies on the non-canonical splicing of XBP1 mRNA. The molecular switch that initiates splicing is the oligomerization of the ER stress sensor and UPR endonuclease IRE1α (inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha). While IRE1α can form large clusters that have been proposed to function as XBP1 processing centers on the ER, the actual oligomeric state of active IRE1α complexes as well as the targeting mechanism that recruits XBP1 to IRE1α oligomers remains unknown. Here, we have developed a single-molecule imaging approach to monitor the recruitment of individual XBP1 transcripts to the ER surface. Using this methodology, we confirmed that stable ER association of unspliced XBP1 mRNA is established through HR2 (hydrophobic region 2)-dependent targeting and relies on active translation. In addition, we show that IRE1α-catalyzed splicing mobilizes XBP1 mRNA from the ER membrane in response to ER stress. Surprisingly, we find that XBP1 transcripts are not recruited into large IRE1α clusters, which are only observed upon overexpression of fluorescently tagged IRE1α during ER stress. Our findings support a model where ribosome-engaged, immobilized XBP1 mRNA is processed by small IRE1α assemblies that could be dynamically recruited for processing of mRNA transcripts on the ER.
A second DNA binding site on RFC facilitates clamp loading at gapped or nicked DNA
Authors: Liu Xingchen , Gaubitz Christl , Pajak Joshua , Kelch Brian A
Published: June 2022

Clamp loaders place circular sliding clamp proteins onto DNA so that clamp-binding partner proteins can synthesize, scan, and repair the genome. DNA with nicks or small single-stranded gaps are common clamp-loading targets in DNA repair, yet these substrates would be sterically blocked given the known mechanism for binding of primer-template DNA. Here, we report the discovery of a second DNA binding site in the yeast clamp loader replication factor C (RFC) that aids in binding to nicked or gapped DNA. This DNA binding site is on the external surface and is only accessible in the open conformation of RFC. Initial DNA binding at this site thus provides access to the primary DNA binding site in the central chamber. Furthermore, we identify that this site can partially unwind DNA to create an extended single-stranded gap for DNA binding in RFC’s central chamber and subsequent ATPase activation. Finally, we show that deletion of the BRCT domain, a major component of the external DNA binding site, results in defective yeast growth in the presence of DNA damage where nicked or gapped DNA intermediates occur. We propose that RFC’s external DNA binding site acts to enhance DNA binding and clamp loading, particularly at DNA architectures typically found in DNA repair.