bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: The importance of cavities to the stabilization of methane flames in micro-structured combustion systems
Authors: Chen Junjie
Published: June 2022

Modeling computations are performed to highlight the importance of cavities to the stabilization of methane flames in micro-structured combustion systems. The effects of different design factors on flame stability are investigated. A dimensionless number analysis is performed to better understand the heat transfer characteristics of the burner. The results indicate that the recirculating, hot combustion products continuously contact and ignite the incoming fuel-air mixture, thus anchoring the flame in the vicinity of the recirculation region. When a cavity is used, the flame is anchored because the cavity induces recirculation of hot combustion products within the combustor. Combustion is stabilized and flame stability is improved by recirculation of hot combustion products induced by the cavity structure. An additional effect of the cavity is to direct the incoming fuel-air mixture outwards toward the walls of the combustor, thus rapidly diffusing the mixture into the combustor, making effective use of the combustor's volume. At low flame temperatures, long combustor residence times are needed for combustion completion in the gas phase. Flame stabilization is dependent upon speed of the fuel-air mixture entering the combustion region where propagation of the flame is desired. A sufficiently low velocity must be retained in the region where the flame is desired in order to sustain the flame. A region of low velocity in which a flame can be sustained can be achieved by causing recirculation of a portion of the fuel-air mixture already burned thereby providing a source of ignition to the fuel-air mixture entering the combustion region. However, the fuel-air mixture flow pattern, including any recirculation, is critical to achieving flame stability. The inlet velocity and wall thermal conductivity are vital in determining the flame stability of the burner. Faster ignition and more efficient heat transfer can be achieved, but the design is challenging due to the loss of flame stability.
Contrasting archaeal and bacterial community assembly processes and the importance of rare taxa along a depth gradient in shallow coastal sediments
Authors: Gong Xianzhe , Chen Zhiyi , Deng Ye , Zhao Duo , Gao Ping , Zhang Liang , Tu Qichao , Qu Lingyun , Zheng Liwen , Zhang Yong , Song Chao , Liu Jihua
Published: June 2022

Marine microbial communities assemble along a sediment depth gradient and are responsible for processing organic matter. The high-resolution mechanisms of the vertical assembly processes in marine sediments remain poorly described. We analyzed 31 depth layers of 3 sediment cores from the shallow sediment zone at 3 stations in the Bohai Sea, and obtained high-resolution vertical profiles (2 cm per sample) of microbial communities. We analyzed 78 archaeal and 76 bacterial communities based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, together with 14 selected metagenomes. We grouped these samples into three layers (Top, 0-18 cm; Middle, 18-38 cm; and Bottom, below 38 cm) to analyze trends in diversity and assembly processes along the depth gradient. We found that alpha diversity increased for the Thaumarchaeota-dominated archaeal community but decreased for the Proteobacteria-dominated bacterial community as depth increased. The mechanisms determining archaeal community assembly were mostly deterministic, while bacterial community assembly was mostly stochastic. Co-occurrence networks among different taxa and key functional genes revealed a tight community with low modularity in the bottom sediment, and disproportionately more interactions among low abundance ASVs. This suggests a significant contribution to community stabilization by rare taxa, and suggests that the bottom layer, rather than surface sediments may represent a hotspot for benthic microbial interactions.
Upscaling gross primary production from leaf to canopy for potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Maldonado Fabio Ernesto Martinez , Castaño-Marín Angela María , Góez-Vinasco Gerardo Antonio , Marin Fabio Ricardo
Published: June 2022

Estimating gross primary production (GPP) is important to understand the land-atmosphere CO2 exchange for major agroecosystems. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements provide accurate and reliable information about GPP, but flux measurements are often not available. Upscaling strategies gain importance as an alternative to the limitations of the use of the EC. Although potato is an important agroecosystem for worldwide carbon balances, there are currently no studies on potato GPP upscaling processes. This study reports two GPP scaling-up approaches from the detailed leaf-level characterization of gas exchange of potato. Multilayer and big leaf approaches were applied for extrapolating chamber and biometric measurements from leaf to canopy. Measurements of leaf area index and photosynthesis were performed from planting to the end of the canopy life cycle with a LP-80 ceptometer and a IRGA Li-Cor 6800, respectively. The results were compared to concurrent measurements of surface-atmosphere GPP from the EC technique. Big-leaf models were able to simulate the general trend of GPP during the growth cycle, but they overestimated the GPP during the maximum LAI phase. Multilayer models correctly reproduced the behavior of potato GPP and closely predicted both the daily magnitude and half-hourly variation in GPP when compared to EC measurements. Upscaling is a reliable alternative, but the good treatment of LAI and net photosynthetic light-response curve are decisive factors to get better GPP estimates. The results improved the knowledge of the biophysical control in the carbon fluxes of the potato crop.
Mieap forms membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and facilitate cardiolipin metabolism
Authors: Ikari Naoki , Honjo Katsuko , Sagami Yoko , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Arakawa Hirofumi
Published: June 2022

Biomolecular condensates function as membraneless organelles that compartmentalize and facilitate efficient biological reactions. They are formed by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) via liquid–liquid phase separation. Mieap/SPATA18, a p53-inducible protein, participates in suppression of colorectal tumors by promoting mitochondrial quality control. However, the regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we report that Mieap is an IDR-containing protein that drives formation of biomolecular condensates in mitochondria. Mieap biomolecular condensates specifically phase separate the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. Lipidomic analysis of cardiolipin suggests that Mieap promotes enzymatic reactions involved in cardiolipin metabolism, including biosynthesis and remodeling. Accordingly, four cardiolipin biosynthetic enzymes, TAMM41, PGS1, PTPMT1, and CRLS1, and two remodeling enzymes, PLA2G6 and TAZ, are phase-separated by Mieap biomolecular condensates. Mieap-deficient mice exhibit altered crista structure in mitochondria of various tissues, including brown fat, and tend to become obese. These results suggest that Mieap drives formation of membraneless organelles to compartmentalize and promote cardiolipin metabolism at the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus potentially contributing to mitochondrial quality control.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECTS ON THE INTERNET DUE TO DIGITAL INNOVATIONS
Authors: Pokhylko S. , Eremenko A. , Henina D.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the application of digital tools for online business. Due to the COVID-2019 pandemic, a large number of entrepreneurs have been forced to digitally transform their businesses in various areas of activity. Consequently, such conditions have given impetus to the creation of e-business and virtual store, which are relevant today. The number of internet users is growing every minute, as the facts show. According to the data, there are about 30 million internet users worldwide. Therefore, the number of online sales is growing and will continue to grow. This article reviewed the online platforms through which online commerce is conducted and the marketing solutions that are effective for these online platforms. The paper also analyzed online orders of goods/services that were in demand in 2020-2021 by customers. The authors found that shoppers were not spending much more on goods/services, but simply resorted to a different form of shopping, finding a place where it was easy and convenient to go shopping online. The study has gained importance in tools to improve the state of online business using digital solutions. Among these was the creation of a virtual store, using which there is no need to go to a physical store, but buy and order goods/services through gadgets. The convenience of using such an innovative idea is reflected in the demand of customers who do not want to waste their time going to the store, but agree to buy goods online without even touching them. Based on the research, the authors created the algorithm to build the stages of successful operation of a virtual store, which makes it possible to obtain the most positive effect. Among the stages of this algorithm the authors predicted to empower staff through the creation of a digital workplace. They also identified the benefits of the digital workplace. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the digital workplace satisfies the work requirements of both the management and the employee. The basics of the application of digital tools are shown on the example of a foreign company eBay, which founded this and created a virtual store. These digital innovations have a positive impact on the growth of the national and information economy and their further development.
SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS MODELS, AND EFFECTS OF SMART GRIDS DEVELOPING
Authors: Kolosok S. , Sushchenko A.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to studying sustainable business models and the effects of building "smart" grids. To achieve this goal, we used a scientific review of literature sources from the Scopus® database for 2017-2021. In the course of the research, a sample of 3540 publications on the topic SciVal T.8491 "Business Model Innovation; Sustainable Business; Digital Transformation. " The results of the scientific review highlight and analyze the most active identified institutions and authors who have published work in sources indexed by the Scopus® database on the topic SciVal T.8491. The fundamental directions of research of sustainable business models are identified, which are closely connected with the investigation of digital business models, industry 4.0, cloud technologies, the Internet of Things, directions of adaptation, and dissemination of sustainable business models.
In the context of smart grids, sustainable business models are considered from the study of distributed generation, various decentralized energy technologies, from demand management technologies to energy storage technologies in the system. The authors evaluate and prove the effectiveness of the construction of virtual power plants, the possibility of integration into a single system of distributed energy resources and energy storage systems, describe the methodology of operation and control of microgrids given the massive deployment of smart grids. They carry out systematization of business models of smart networks based on the Internet of Things; offer approaches to deploying smart grids based on blockchain technology.
This article discusses the environmental and economic effects of smart grids deploying. Thanks to the results of a scientific review of sustainable business models and the effects of building "smart" grids, current energy market players have the opportunity to consider current requirements for the operation of smart grids and, if necessary, revise their business models. Deploying smart infrastructure improves the country's energy independence, achieves targets for the use of alternative (renewable) energy sources, and increases the country's energy security while reducing import dependence on energy resources.
PECULIARITIES OF ACCОUNCTING OF HOLIDAY PAY IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Kravchenko О. , Dmytrenko A. , Govoryn I. , Kravchenko D.
Published: June 2022

In a market economy, a salary are an important element of the labor market, formed due to the interaction of labor demand and supply and expresses the market value of the use of hired labor. Various aspects of social and labor relations affect salaries and incomes. Salaries of teachers, compared to other sectors of the publish institutions, have certain features: regulated by many special regulations, is a guaranteed amount of income, paid mainly for mental work, depending on the level of their qualifications. Holidays are payments to employees for the unworked time while maintaining a job and average earnings, ensuring the fundamental constitutional right to rest. All relations between employers and employees on issues of remuneration and leave are regulated by labor legislation: regulations, general, sectoral, and regional agreements, collective agreements.
This study is devoted to the theoretical and methodological issues and problems of the organization of holiday accounting, determining areas for improvement.
This article analyzes the features of the calculation, accounting and payments of salaries and holidays in general secondary education. According to the current legislation, the characteristics of different types of vacations are given. The main issues of granting and paying annual leave to teachers and determining their size, unused holiday pay cases, and payment of monetary compensation are considered. In accounting for such calculations, various transactions occur, made out by primary documents recorded in reporting forms. Failure to comply with the non-compliance with current legislation on the granting and calculating leave threatens sanctions and fines imposed on both responsible persons and the institution itself.
The main elements that need to be disclosed in the Order on Accounting Policy in terms of payments to employees of educational institutions are listed. An algorithm for calculating the average daily wage with the inclusion of individual payments to the employee's total income in the calculation period by type of leave has been developed and proposed for use.
Reliability of OneCeph Cephalometric Analysis Application on the Devices with Different Screen Size
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Kanpittaya Pimsiri
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to assess the reliability of the OneCeph application according to personal computer (PC), tablet and smartphone screen size in comparison with Dolphin software on PC as a gold standard. Cephalometric landmarks were identified on 100 digital radiographs. Twenty-four cephalometric measurements were made with Dolphin software as a gold standard comparing with OneCeph application on smartphone (OS), OneCeph on PC (OP) and OneCeph on tablet (OT). All measurements were repeated after four weeks for intra-examiner reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). One-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test were done for measurement comparison between methods (Dolphin, OS, OP and OT). Results for OneCeph on smartphone and tablet, 21 measurements were comparable with Dolphin while other three (NLA, H-angle and UL to S-plane) were not. In OneCeph on PC, 20 measurements were comparable with Dolphin while other four (NLA, H-angle, U1 to A-point and UL to S-plane) were not. All different measurements were clinically insignificant except H-angle. Intra-examiner reliability represented ICC above 0.9. In conclusion, OneCeph application on three different screen size is reliable to use for cephalometric measurement. Most of the measurements are comparable with gold standard and adequate to be utilised in clinical routine. OneCeph on smartphone and tablet are advantageous from the portable feature over PC.
A Systematic Review of the Role of Mitochondria in Cleft Pathology: A Forgotten General?
Authors:   Centre for Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohamad Noor Rabiatul Adawiyah ,   Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Wan Sulaiman Wan Azman ,   Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mat Zin Anani Aila ,   Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Shah Nurul Syazana Mohamad ,   Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Orofacial clefts (OFC) are one of the most common birth defects that affects the lip, palate, or lip and palate of an infant. The deterioration of clefts is multifactorial involving multiple genes, various interactions from environmental factor and most forgotten, mitochondrial abnormality. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of mitochondrial activity related to non-syndromic OFC deformity. Despite its important role in cells, the study on mitochondrial activity in cleft pathology was scarce and almost forgotten compared to other genetic investigations. This systematic review was completed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The literature search was done via the following databases: Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus with a total of nine studies of mitochondrial abnormalities were included. We hypothesise that mitochondria play an important role in early craniofacial development. A decreased in its function or activity may result in cleft lip formation. Hence, we would like to shed light on the remarkable role of mitochondria activity in the pathogenesis of non-syndromic OFC.
The two-loop radiative gluon jet function for $gg\to h$ via a light quark loop
Authors: Schnubel Marvin
Published: June 2022

The Higgs-boson production channel gg\to hgg→h
mediated by light-quark loops receives large logarithmic corrections in
QCD, which can be resummed using factorization formulae derived in
soft-collinear effective theory. In these factorization formulae the
radiative gluon jet function appears, which is a central object in the
study of factorization beyond the leading order in scale ratios. We
calculate this function at two-loop order for the first time and present
the subtleties that come along with this.
Política Pública sobre Violencia en el Noviazgo: ¿asignatura perdida en Colombia?
Authors: Bolivar Suárez Yolima , Gaviria Gómez Ana Milena
Published: June 2022

La violencia en el noviazgo (VN) se considera un problema de salud pública por los efectos a nivel físico, emocional, social, además al ser una etapa previa a la conformación de familias, los eventos violentos serán posiblemente replicados y generenviolencia intrafamiliar. Se requiere de estrategias de intervención individual, familiar, comunitario y poblacional; surge entonces la necesidad de identificar si existen o no políticas públicas y legislación que aborden de manera directa la VN para el caso de colombiano.
 
Palabras Clave: Política gubernamental; legislación, Violencia en el Noviazgo.
Moratoria Social y Embarazo Adolescente
Authors: Benavides Delgado Jacqueline
Published: June 2022

La infancia y la juventud se han considerado categorías emergentes del ciclo vital desde la modernidad. La adolescencia como etapa de transición entre la niñez y la adultez constituye un escenario de moratoria social que ha sido considerado como necesario para alcanzar la madurez. Este proceso ha sido definido como el camino de construcción de la identidad y la personalidad. Sin embargo, situaciones como lapaternidad adolescente son hechos que ocurren con frecuencia y que tienen consecuencias en este proceso de identificación del adolescente.
Propuesta para la medición de la apropiación social de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación en organizaciones rurales
Authors: Macuacé Otero Ronald Alejandro
Published: June 2022

El documento tiene como objetivo, “proponer una metodología para la medición de la Apropiación Social de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación (ASCTI) en organizaciones rurales. Para ello se utilizó la triangulación metodológica, lo que permitió construir dos instrumentos para su medición. Al respecto se encontró que, la medición de la ASCTI es un camino en construcción, por lo cual no hay certezas, sino por el contrario algunas aproximaciones. No obstante, es necesaria la complementariedad en la utilización de instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos para una mejor comprensión de los procesos que se dan en las organizaciones rurales.
Reconciliación y salud mental colectiva. La reincorporación de los excombatientes de las FARC-EP en Colombia, 2020
Authors: Arias López Beatriz Elena , Valencia Pérez Jessica
Published: June 2022

Un desafío en Colombia, a partir de la firma del Acuerdo de Paz con las FARC-EP, es retejer los vínculos rotos entre excombatientes y sociedad, aspiración presente en propuestas de desarme, desmovilización y reincorporación; reconciliación y salud mental. Desde una investigación cualitativa con excombatientes, familiares y vecinos, se presentan aspectos relacionados con el ingreso, permanencia y reincorporación y las contradicciones del retorno a la vida civil.  Incumplimientos, incertidumbre, ausencia de un relato de corresponsabilidad, estigma y reaprendizaje de los códigos de la vida social, entre otros, son examinados desde los encuentros cotidianos con comunidades receptoras en contextos rurales.
La prostitución en Colombia, un camino hacia la formalización
Authors: Caicedo Vasquez Johanna Maxily
Published: June 2022

La regulación normativa y la jurisprudencia referente a la formalización de la práctica de la prostitución ha tenido avances significativos en el Estado Colombiano. Sin embargo, persisten una serie de dificultades que hace que el ejercicio de esta actividad se vea frustrada por falta de garantías en el ejercicio de los derechos, haciendo que los personas que ejercen esta actividad económica, se vean inmersas en la informalidad que históricamente ha caracterizado esta labor.
Polarización Política y Relaciones Familiares: prácticas relacionales y mecanismos de configuración de la postura política como barreras psicosociales para la democracia y la paz en Medellín
Authors: Avendaño Ramírez Manuela , Villa Gómez Juan David
Published: June 2022

A partir de este análisis se identificaron creencias sociales, orientaciones emocionales colectivas y narrativas del pasado que configuran la dinámica de polarización política al interior de las familias y prácticas relacionales que de esta devienen,además de mecanismos de configuración de la postura política desde los cuales se posicionan frente a la diferencia política con el otro. Constituyéndose dicho fenómeno, además, en obstáculo para la apertura de espacios de debate público sobre los problemas del país, para el ejercicio de la subjetividad política y para la misma construcción de democracia y paz en Colombia.
Migraciones y medio ambiente: el sistema jurídico internacional frente a la figura de refugiado ambiental
Authors: Camargo Farías Diana Carolina , Corredor Naranjo Julián Antonio
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo de investigación busca realizar un análisis de las respuestas que se han generado (y se pueden generar) desde el sistema jurídico internacional frente a la figura del refugiado ambiental. En este orden de ideas, en el primer acápitese desarrolla y contextualiza la migración ambiental como un fenómeno cada vez más creciente en diferentes regiones del mundo; en segundo lugar, se abordaránlas respuestas jurídicas y posibles mecanismos de protección hacia este grupo poblacional y, por último, se describe el papel de algunos bloques regionales frente a esta problemática. Se puede evidenciar que actualmente el sistema jurídico Internacional no cuenta con un instrumento y/o mecanismo que regule y proteja a losmigrantes ambientales trasfronterizos o refugiados ambientales, por lo que, hoy,  los miles de personas alrededor del mundo que se han visto obligadas a cruzar fronteras por causas asociadas al medio ambiente dependen de la voluntad política delos Estados receptores para que puedan obtener algún tipo de ayuda y/o protección.
Relaciones socio-ecológicas en perspectiva Sumak Kawsay (Buen vivir): un estudio de caso del Río Fonce (San Gil - Santander)
Authors: Pérez Bermúdez Hingrid Camila , Gómez Garcés Sonia Luz
Published: June 2022

Reconocer que existen derechos trasgredidos, así como herramientas sólidas, alternativas y territoriales por restablecer el todo que nos rodea, hace parte de los propósitos que se tejen a partir de la cosmovisión del buen vivir (Sumak Kawsay). El presenteartículo permite identificar las relaciones socio-ecológicas que los habitantes del municipio de San Gil (Santander) tienen con el Río Fonce, construidos a partir de los imaginarios colectivos, diálogos, gramáticas y lenguajes que fortalecen el sentipensar de las comunidades, así como su identidad socio-ambiental.
Modelo teórico para el estudio de la movilidad social. Un acercamiento desde la teoría sociológica
Authors: Brand Monsalve Edinson Gabriel , Duque Mejía Carlos Arturo , Guerra Zabala Víctor Daniel
Published: June 2022

El estudio de la movilidad social se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas teóricas, lo que ha derivado en diversos modelos para su comprensión, centrándose en aspectos diferentes del proceso de organización de la sociedad, lo que hace muy compleja la investigación de casos concretos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de un estudio que se propuso la construcción de una propuesta teórica integral como base para la investigación de la movilidad social, cuyo resultado fundamental es un modelo conceptual orientado a entender este fenómeno a partir de lo que se ha denominado la estructura del poder social.
Descentralización fiscal y apertura económica en Colombia 1990- 2020
Authors: Gómez Celi John Freddy
Published: June 2022

El proceso de descentralización fiscal en Colombia, determinada por la descentralización hacia el mercado, tiene una relación intrínseca con las políticas de apertura económica que pueden ser rastreadas desde finales de la década de los años 60 del siglo XX, en la que se evidencia como el aumento del gasto derivado de las políticas de descentralización fiscal conllevaron a la adopción de políticas enfocadas en la liberalización y desregulación de la economía. Todo esto en sincronía con la puesta en marcha de la Modernización del Estado en Colombia. Este proceso genera un aumento de la opresión fiscal de corte indirecto y regresivo en el país y una pérdida de derechos del pueblo colombiano a partir de los postulados de eficiencia y eficacia impartida por el mercado, los cuales han evidenciado todo lo contrario al no comprender la descentralización atada a las relaciones sociales, económicas, culturales y políticas en el país que han generado una captura del Estado con procesos de corrupción, detrimentos patrimoniales y baja responsabilidad en la prestación de los servicios públicos y los derechos sociales.
Los postulados de la pedagogía franciscana en relación con la formación ética en contexto de la Universidad de San Buenaventura
Authors: Alzate Mejía Nicolás Alberto , Vanegas Carvajal Edgar Alonso
Published: June 2022

Es importante recordar que los resultados de los saberes superiores en la Universidad de San Buenaventura, buscan el bien común de toda vida, de la biota en general, incluyendo la sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas. Este bien común se ha venido ejecutando con ayuda de un valor socio-humanístico denominado fraternidad, concretado en los proyectos de equipo interdisciplinario. He ahí dos grandes fortalezas que subraya la Universidad de San Buenaventura al tener en cuenta el ejercicio de una pedagogía franciscana
Imaginarios sociales, violencia física y medios de comunicación audiovisual
Authors: Jiménez-Gálvez Paula Andrea , Vanegas-García José Hoover
Published: June 2022

Las noticias son el género de realidad más visto en Colombia y la televisión tiene una penetración del 99% en el país. Esta realidad hace necesaria la investigación sobre estos contenidos y su papel en la comprensión de la realidad que tienen los televidentes. En este artículo se presentarán tres categorías que permitirán comprender los imaginarios sociales sobre violencia física en los televidentes. Se considera que este tipo de violencia es uno de los fenómenos más presentes en las emisiones de noticias y que reviste una especial importancia en el contexto colombiano.
La tiranía del Mérito ¿qué ha sido del bien común, de Michael J Sandel
Authors: Ferrer Araujo Nina
Published: June 2022

RESUMEN

La tiranía del Mérito ¿qué ha sido del bien común? de autoría de Michael Sandel, es un ensayo que gira en torno a la critica de la meritocracia como elemento basico de la sociedad liberal estadounidense.  La idea del mérito implica un contenido aspiracional según el cuál las sociedades serán dirigidas y premiarán siempre a los mejores; sin embargo, en razón a esta aspiración es posible aceptar una cierta desigualdad material, porque el Estado garantizará a las personas sin importar esas desigualdades, las mismas oportunidades para triunfar, presupuesto que desconoce la gran evidencia fáctica del peso de las condiciones socio económicas y del azar en el éxito.

La crítica al mérito en si misma no es un debate novedoso, el cuestionamiento a la posibilidad de ascenso social en los estados liberales con un férreo sistema de herencias de bienes y poder es incluso obvio; sin embargo lo particular del trabajo de Sandel es el énfasis que pone en la meritocracia como posible causa de la indignación colectiva que ha llevado a fenómenos populistas como el ascenso a la Casa Blanca de Donald Trump o el Brexit, apalancados en todo caso por ideas contra progresistas.  A pesar de lo dudoso que puede ser considerar esta relación causal, muchos temas relevantes son abordados, tales como la existencia de un élite académica en Estados Unidos, su influencia en la político, el exagerado credencialismo, la corrupción ideológica de la meritocracia en el Sistema Educativo y Laboral, entre otros.

Palabras Clave: Meritocracia, liberalismo, Comunitarismo, Filsofía Política.
Research and Technology Advancement of the Tatarstan Republic: Strategy Development
Authors: Akhmetova Irina , Valeeva Yulya
Published: June 2022

The Russian economy is currently experiencing major transformations. Under these conditions, the issues of research advancement, technological development, and import substitutions are relevant both at the federal and regional levels. The present research featured some theoretical aspects of developing a new strategy for the scientific and technological advancement of the Tatarstan Republic, as well as the main tools and directions of its implementation. The article introduces the main trends that must be taken into account and the opportunities, threats and risks that take place in the real economy of the Republic of Tatarstan. The obtained results can be of practical use for specialists involved in strategy development.
Monitoring PHB production inSynechocystissp. with hyperspectral images
Authors: Rodríguez Lorenzo Francisco , Placer Lorenzo Miguel , Herrero Castilla Luz , Álvarez Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Iglesias Sandra , Gómez Santiago , Fernández Montenegro Juan Manuel , Rueda Estel , Diez-Montero Rubén , Garcia Joan , Gonzalez-Flo Eva
Published: June 2022

Microalgae wastewater treatment systems have the potential for producing added-value products. More specifically, cyanobacteria are able to accumulate polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), which can be extracted and used for bioplastics production. Nonetheless, PHB production requires proper culture conditions and continue monitoring, challenging the state-of-the-art technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of hyperspectral technologies to monitor cyanobacteria population growth and PHB production. We have established a ground-breaking measurement method able to discern spectral reflectance changes from light emitted to cyanobacteria in different phases. All in all, enabling to distinguish between cyanobacteria growth phase and PHB accumulation phase. Furthermore, first tests of classification algorithms used for machine learning and image recognition technologies had been applied to automatically recognize the different cyanobacteria species from a complex microbial community containing cyanobacteria and microalgae cultivated in pilot-scale photobioreactors (PBRs). We have defined three main indicators for monitoring PHB production: (i) cyanobacteria specific-strain density, (ii) differentiate between growth and PHB-accumulation and (iii) chlorosis progression. The results presented in this study represent an interesting alternative for traditional measurements in cyanobacteria PHB production and its application in pilot-scale PBRs. Although not directly determining the amount of PHB production, they would give insights on the undergoing processes.
DANÇA HUMANA
Authors: Bragato Marcos , Chellappa Thiago , Araújo Douglas
Published: June 2022

Conjectura-se como o estilo de vida sedentário assegura a plataforma na qual estamos ao ocupar toda a terra e desencadear a necessidade de confluência para a coesão social. Uma delas é a dança que se converte em especialidade, mas lá atrás serve como cola fundamental no tempo sem escrita. Recortar desse modo é promover a big story, a atenção para largos períodos responsáveis para a formação de padrões, e observar as alterações com consequências no panorama histórico. Atentar para o sedentarismo não elimina a necessidade de se contemplar aspectos eliciadores da cumulação cultural e o papel da imitação.
Contribuição da Antropologia às questões relacionadas ao binômio Meio Ambiente-Desenvolvimento.
Authors: Barboza de Oliveira Junior Geraldo
Published: June 2022

A Contribuição da Antropologia às questões relacionadas ao binômio Meio Ambiente-Desenvolvimento vem crescendo nas últimas décadas, principalmente, após o Brasil aderir à Convenção Nº 168 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho que legitima o direito de populações que representam comunidades tradicionais em serem consultadas e, também, serem partes ativas de todo processo que envolva alterações ambientais em territórios ocupados por estas populações. Neste contexto, o papel do antropólogo se reveste de uma importância maior: por questionar este modelo de desenvolvimento e proporcionar às populações tradicionais voz nesta arena política. Este texto procura dialogar com fatos históricos e textos no período Pós-guerra (depois de 1945) quando a humanidade percebeu que os conceitos e paradigmas relativos às políticas de desenvolvimento necessitavam de revisão, até este início do século XXI.
SACRIFICIO COMO VOLUNTAD DE NEGAR LA VOLUNTAD: PROCESO NECESARIO PARA LA LEGITIMACIÓN DE UN RELATO Y LA SUPERACIÓN DE TODA TENSIÓN NARRATIVA
Authors:   Ministerio del Trabajo de Colombia, Pérez Boada Héctor Fabián
Published: June 2022

Realizar un estudio reflexivo del concepto de relato y cómo desde éste, podemos apreciar al ser humano en su diario vivir, el cual se ofrece en la posibilidad de crecimiento social y emocional al permitir ser reconocido y compartir nuestra vida con los demás; Sin embargo, la crítica de la filosofía posmoderna a los macrorelatos derivó en una proliferación de microrrelatos, afectando los procesos de verdad y de identidad personal. Por ello, busco analizar desde las aportaciones de Lyotard cómo, desde el acto humano de sacrificarse, se rescata a la narrativa dentro de la multiplicidad de pequeños relatos, presupuesto que configura el reconocimiento de la persona en el otro, además de reconstruir los procesos de certezas y generando colectivos narrativos en los espacios empresariales y ciudadanos.
Epicúreos, estoicos y cristianos. Una interpretación de las concepciones de felicidad descritas por san agustín de hipona en de beata vita
Authors:   Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Rodríguez Morales Valeria Victoria
Published: June 2022

En la presente investigación se sostiene que San Agustín de Hipona filtró sutiles referencias a los epicúreos y a los estoicos en De beata vita (Sobre la vida feliz), sin mencionarlos. Las referencias latentes en este diálogo se hicieron patentes en De Trinitate y en sus sermones sobre San Pablo; esto nos presenta, ahora, la oportunidad de convertir la sutileza en diafanidad. Mediante la interpretación de las concepciones de la felicidad descritas por el filósofo africano en De beata vita se descubrió que subyace en este diálogo una discusión entre epicúreos estoicos y cristianos (división tripartita planteada por el propio San Agustín en sus Sermones) que ilustra las siguientes divergencias: 1) para dichas escuelas helenísticas la serenidad puede hallarse en una disposición interior, mientras que para los cristianos el anhelo de un Bien trascendente es una condición sine qua non para la vida feliz; y, 2) los estoicos y los epicúreos proponen buscar la felicidad limitando los deseos (cupiditas); en cambio, los cristianos exaltan el velle o desiderare del Sumo Bien, es decir, Dios. Sin embargo, no hay que olvidar que también existe una convergencia en la moderación de los deseos (los cristianos moderan cupiditas, sin abandonar el desiderare).
USENCIA DEL PENSAMIENTO EN EL ARTE: APORTES DE JEAN LUC MARION
Authors:   Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Novoa Rojas Francisco
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se quiere ahondar en la propuesta que Jean Luc Marion ofrece sobre el ídolo en relación con el icono y cómo esta puede aportar al pensamiento artístico. Para esto, abordaremos la relación del ídolo con los distintos rostros que pretenden mostrarse como tal y luego el pensamiento sobre el icono cristiano. En este sentido, nos adentraremos en la propuesta estética cristiana y la posibilidad de pensar un arte a posteriori, es decir, que surge desde un acontecimiento, extendiéndolo y haciéndolo más visible.
Recent Trends in the Analysis of Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Proteins in Food by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: de Oliveira Marcone Augusto Leal , de Paula Campos Guilherme , Queiroz de Souza Jéssica Cordeiro , do Nascimento Maria Patrícia , Lima Nerilson Marques , Oliveira Moreira Olívia Brito de , Chellini Paula Rocha , Lima Amorim Tatiane
Published: June 2022

Highly selective and sensitive analytical methods are necessary for food analysis because diverse components can be found in this complex sample matrix, sometimes occurring at only trace levels. Besides, simple and cost-effective methods are needed to meet the requirements of governmental food standards organizations and industries. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is a technique that meets these requirements offering high-resolution separations and high-throughput. It only demands small amounts of samples and chemicals for experiments and its versatility due to the different separation modes possible and the combination with different detection systems, has favored its application to determine diverse compounds in food analysis. This chapter summarizes significant issues and challenges involved in the determination of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, as well as recent advances in the analysis of these food components by several CE modes and detection systems.
Food Analysis by Microchip Electrophoresis
Authors: Sierra Tania , Dortez Silvia , G. Crevillén Agustín , Escarpa Alberto
Published: June 2022

The most significant advances in food analysis using microchip
electrophoresis (ME) technology will be discussed in this book chapter, covering the
works published from 2009 to 2019, which will be organized in three sections based on
the detection mode employed: electrochemical and fluorescence detection, and
bioanalytical-based approaches. The most innovative methodologies, relevant
applications, and latest advances in instrumentation to achieve a truly portable lab-o-
-a-chip will be discussed. Commercial instruments will also be briefly mentioned as a
demonstration of the maturity of ME technology.
Chemical Mechanism of Bioluminescence
Authors: Santhanam Ramasamy
Published: June 2022

This chapter deals with the basic bioluminescence reactions, emission
maxima, and colour of light in pelagic and deep-sea bioluminescent organisms,
luciferins of planktonic organisms, types of intrinsic bioluminescence such as
coelenterazine-based light production and cypridina luciferin-based light production,
and extrinsic bioluminescence.
Bioluminescent Marine Crustaceans
Authors: Santhanam Ramasamy
Published: June 2022

This chapter deals with the luminescent species of planktonic marine
crustaceans such as ostracods, copepods, amphipods, mysids, euphausiids and
decapods; and their emission maxima and mechanism of bioluminescence.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KONVERSI PLASTIK MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK DENGAN METODE PIROLISIS UNTUK PENANGANAN SAMPAH PLASTIK
Authors: Santhiarsa I Gusti Ngurah Nitya
Published: June 2022

The volume of plastic waste is increasing day by day, due to the lack of management technology and plastic is a non-biodegradable material. Plastic waste causes pollution to the environment and living things if left alone. Various efforts have been made to deal with plastic waste, but only cause other problems such as blockage of water flow. This research introduces the technology of converting plastic waste into fuel oil called pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is a method of converting plastic into fuel oil through a thermal decomposition process in the absence of oxygen. The purpose of this study was to determine the weight of oil produced in the pyrolysis process with variations in condenser temperature. The type of plastic used is LDPE, the reactor temperature is constant at 200° C. The pyrolysis process was carried out for 1 hour for each condenser temperature variation at 28° C, 14° C, and 4° C. Based on the research results, the condenser temperature variation at 28° C gets the lowest oil weight, which is 17 grf, while the condenser temperature variation at 14° C produces 32 grf of oil weight, and the highest oil weight is obtained at 4° C condenser temperature variation of 62 grf.
PENGARUH TEKANAN PEMOTONGAN TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI STAINLESS STEEL 316L DENGAN PROSES ABRASIVE WATER JET CUTTING (AWJ)
Authors: Widodo Teguh Dwi , Raharjo Rudianto , Bintarto Redi , Sasongko Mega Nur , Pamungkas Satria
Published: June 2022

The waterjet pressure on the Abrasive Water Jet cutting processes affects all the related to the phenomenon of the material. In this study, the effect of water pressure on the AWJ process on the surface quality and corrosion properties of 316L Stainless steel was investigated. The cutting process is carried out by varying the pressure on the nozzle and with the cutting angle being kept at an angle of 90º to the substrate surface. In this research, Garnet with 200 mesh is used as the abrasive material. The results of the AWJ will be tested for corrosion using the 3-cell electrode method and then the surface topography will be observed using SEM. The results obtained in this study are that the corrosion rate decreases with increasing pressure in the AWJ process, however there is an increase after passing the optimal point, namely at 3500 Psi pressure.
Xerocomellus carmeniae (Boletales, Basidiomycota), a new fungus from northeastern Mexico
Authors: Garza-Ocañas Fortunato , García Jiménez Jesús , Guevara-Guerrero Gonzalo , Martínez-González Cesar Ramiro , Ayala-Vásquez Olivia , De la Fuente Javier Isaac
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims: Xerocomellus is a genus of the Boletaceae family, characterized by the small to medium, boletoid to gastroid basidiomata, usually with areolate pileus, and smooth to ornamented basidiospores. So far only two species are known from Mexico. The aim of this study is to describe a new species of Xerocomellus, based on morphological, molecular and ecological data.
Methods: Sampling of studied specimens was carried out in Nuevo León state, northeastern Mexico (2009 and 2016). Classic protocols for macrofungi were followed. Hand cut sections of specimens were made and mounted in KOH and Melzer reagent to observe microstructures. The identification of the putative host tree was made in the botanical herbarium CFNL of the Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; the type of forest was identified according to field observations and satellite images. DNA was extracted from three different collections. The ITS region and the gene LSU were obtained and analyzed. The material was deposited in the mycological collections of the herbaria “José Castillo Tovar” (ITCV) of the Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Victoria and CFNL.
Key results: Xerocomellus carmeniae differs from other Xerocomellus species by the following combination of characteristics: boletoid basidiomata, reddish areolate pileus, yellowish stipe, and basidiospores of 10.5-13.6 × 5.7-7.8 µm, elongate, sometimes truncate.
Conclusions: Xerocomellus carmeniae is the third species of this genus known from Mexico and is putatively associated to Quercus cambyi. Some specimens show an aberrant form, but more studies are recommended to evaluate a possible transition to a secotioid form.
FEEDING HABITS AND INGESTION OF SYNTHETIC PRODUCTS IN A BLACK VULTURE POPULATION FROM CHIAPAS, MEXICO
Authors: Iñigo Elías Eduardo E.
Published: June 2022

los hábitos alimenticios e ingestión de materiales sintéticos fueron estudiados en la población del Zopilote común {Coragyps atratus) en el Valle de Tuxtla, Chiapas, México, entre febrero y diciembre de 1985. la zona de estudio presenta un gran desarrollo agrícola y urbano. la vegetación original de este lugar fue bosque tropical caducifolio. Se obtuvieron 115 egagrópilas al pie de perchas comunales en árboles y peñascos. las egagrópilas se colectaron frescas por las mañanas, se midieron y posteriormente se expusieron directamente al sol por 18 hrs. Después de que los materiales sintéticos (plásticos, telas, fibras, etc.) fueron identificados visualmente, todas las muestras fueron colocadas en un horno a 53° C por 18 horas y se pesaron a continuación. los restos orgánicos de cada egagrópila fueron separados en grupos (pelos, plumas, plantas, etc.). las muestras de pelos fueron identificadas utilizando como criterios principales el largo, color, forma de las escamas, grosor, etc. Estas muestras se compararon con otras colecciones de pelos de mamíferos. Básicamente esta especie consume carroña de animales domésticos y se alimenta principalmente (58.2% de las egagrópilas) de carroña pesada (>3.0 kg; perros, caballos) y (51.3% de las egagrópilas) de carroña de animales de talla mediana (>0.5 <3.0 kg; gallinas, gato doméstico). la mayor parte de su alimentación ocurre en rastros y tiraderos a cielo abierto. Se encontraron restos de un tipo de presa en el 54% de las egagrópilas y materiales sintéticos en el 39.1%, de los cuales el 70% fueron restos de plástico. la ingestión de productos sintéticos puede ser una fuente importante de contaminantes químicos, como los plastificantes (PCB’S, ftalatos) entre otros compuestos, que están afectando la estabilidad de la población del Zopilote común en Chiapas, además de ser una causa potencial de muerte por asfixia al ser ingeridos. Es sabido que las poblaciones de esta especie están disminuyendo en toda su área de distribución. Es urgente desarrollar medidas para la conservación de esta especie de tanta utilidad para el hombre
FORMULAS DENTARIAS ANORMALES EN ALGUNOS MURCIÉLAGOS MEXICANOS
Authors: Ramírez Pulido José , Müdespacher Carolina
Published: June 2022

Se presentan fórmulas dentarias anormales en algunos murciélagos mexicanos como consecuencia de hiperodontogenia, anodoncia, agénesis y pérdida de dientes durante la vida del animal en 18 embalonúridos {Balantiopteryx plicataplicata), 206fllostómidos (Choeronycteris mexicana, 32; Glossophaga commissarisi héspera, 2; G. c. commissarisi, 4; G. sohcina handieyi, 47; leptonyctehs sanborni, 75; CarolHa brevicauda, 6; C. perspicillata azteca, 3; C. subrufa, 2; Artibeus hirsutus, 7; A. intermedius, 18; A. lituratus palmarum, 2; A. phaeotis, 8) y en siete vespertiliónidos {Myotis velifer velifer, 6; Rhogeessa alleni, 1).