bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stunting prevention: how to differentiate stunting and short stature. A community service webinar with aisyiyah regional leader in malang
Authors: Pertiwi Febriana Chandrawati  , Akbari Agung Nusantara
Published: March 2023

Background: The issue of stunting and short stature continues to receive attention from the Indonesian government because it will determine the quality of Indonesian Human Resources in the future. Stunting is short, but short is not necessarily stunting. Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive due to malnutrition in the first thousand days of a child's life.Short-stature is at risk of stunting if the problem is not immediately resolved. Protein intake from animal meat is playing as an essential role in preventing stunting. Purpose: The program aims to increase the knowledge of the Aisyiyah regional leader in Malang in distinguishing between short stature and stunting and how to prevent it. Method: We conducted a seminar online using the pandemic COVID-19-prevention-protocol. Participantsasked questions and discussedthis topic. Conclusion: A working group program and pocketbook in stunting prevention in children as a collaboration between the medical faculty of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, the regional leader of Aisyiyah Malang, and Dewan Pimpinan Wilayah of Muhammadiyah advisor will be formed.

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PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF GOLD DIGITAL MONEY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Golovko Konstantin
Published: March 2023

The article is aimed at analyzing the main problems of introducing gold digital money into the country's economy, into the financial turnover of the state's gold reserves, provided that the gold reserves of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are preserved and multiplied.
Endometrial hyperplasia and progesterone resistance: a complex relationship
Authors: Orazov Mekan R. , Mikhaleva Ludmila M. , Mullina Irina A.
Published: March 2023

The endometrium is one of the most dynamic tissues that constantly undergoes changes during the menstrual cycle in women of the reproductive period. All these processes take place mainly under the influence of steroid hormones that are produced in the woman’s body. However, it is important to remember that throughout life the endometrial tissue undergoes changes under the influence of various factors that lead to imbalances in hormonal regulation. All these changes can lead to the development of endometrial hyperplasia, which has a high risk of both recurrence and malignization. Over the past few decades, the incidence of endometrial cancer has increased in many countries. This trend is thought to be related to the increasing prevalence of obesity, as well as to changing female reproductive patterns. Although there are currently no well-established screening programmers for endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia is a recognized precursor, and its detection provides an opportunity for prevention. Studying the pathogenesis and risk factors will give a great advantage in the future to prevent possible complications. At this point, the activity and inhibition of the different hormone isoforms can lead to different hyperplastic processes. The management of patients depends on many factors: age, species, reproductive potential and other factors. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to treatment is always necessary. In recent years, interest in the study of endometrial hyperplasia has increased dramatically due to the increase in endometrial cancer. Therefore, the issue of early diagnosis and prevention is most urgent in modern gynecology and requires further study. This review reflects the current understanding of the disruption of progesterone signaling mechanisms in endometrial hyperplasia according to domestic and foreign literature.
Case Report of Warfarin Induced Hemoperitoneum
Authors: Revathy Dr.T.G. , Minu Priya Dr C.
Published: March 2023

Although spontaneous hemoperitoneum is a rare condition, it has the potential to be devastating. A common coumarin anti-coagulant used for therapeutic and preventive anticoagulation is warfarin. Despite being a drug that can save lives, it is linked to severe side effects, mainly bleeding. The aim and objective of the study include the unusual occurrence of Hemoperitoneum that an Anti-Coagulant Drug Warfarin induces. Although reports of spontaneous hemoperitoneum in anticoagulant-using individuals have been published in the literature, diagnostic standards and therapeutic approaches have not yet been firmly established. PT INR should be routinely checked when warfarin is prescribed to prevent any problems. Intraabdominal bleeding resulting from non-traumatic reasons or organ rupture within the abdomen is known as spontaneous hemoperitoneum. The presence of intra-abdominal bleeding from a non-traumatic origin is known as spontaneous hemoperitoneum. Hemoperitoneum from warfarin is a known side effect that can be fatal. It might be challenging to manage unexpected bleeding while keeping the INR under control and preventing thrombosis. If the INR is out of range, there is a higher risk of warfarin-induced bleeding. The spontaneous hemoperitoneum described in this case report was caused by warfarin over-toxicity in a patient with rheumatic heart disease. The indications and symptoms resemble a ruptured corpus luteal cyst or an ectopic pregnancy. Although the patients undergoing Anti-coagulant therapy, especially warfarin, may experience other symptoms like GI bleeding, Nausea, Hematuria and so on.
Analysis of Serum Calcium, Serum Phosphorus, And Alkaline Phosphatase in Pre-Diabetes and Type-2 Diabetic Mellitus
Authors: Shaik Jaffar
Published: March 2023

"Diabetes mellitus" refers to a group of metabolic disorders that a wide range of causes may have brought on. The abnormalities in insulin production and action that characterize diabetes mellitus are distinctive. Pre-diabetes is a type of hyperglycemia that can be identified by glycemic indices that are higher than average but below the diabetes cut-off point. Prediabetes can be avoided by eating healthily and getting frequent exercise. This study aims to examine the association between bone markers (serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels) and type 2 diabetes in individuals who are either currently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus or are at high risk of developing it. The Hyderabad, Telangana, India, location of the Aclin Clinical & Diagnostic Lab will be closed for maintenance beginning on January 1 and lasting through the end of the year. Comparisons were made between the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase in 65 individuals with pre-diabetes and 65 people with type 2 diabetes. The comparison was performed using an automated technique. Compared to patients diagnosed with pre-diabetes, patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly lower serum calcium levels.On the other hand, those with diabetes showed significantly higher serum levels of both ALP and phosphorus compared to the prediabetic group (p0.001). Our study's findings imply that variations in serum mineral levels are related to pre-diabetes. These traits can be used to anticipate the onset of type II diabetes mellitus on their own, and getting a diagnosis as soon as is practical can serve to aid in the prevention of future problems.
Análisis de factores en disponibilidad para el desarrollo de una política alimentaria y nutricional al 2032
Authors: Sapuyes - Chavez Tania Alejandra , Babativa - Novoa Doris Amparo , Murillo - Moreno Lida Neidu , Garzón - Posada Marcela
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores a tener en cuenta en la formulación de la Política Pública de Seguridad Alimentaria en el municipio de Sutatausa - Cundinamarca, Colombia. El estudio se realizó desde el enfoque mixto, y el presente, hace alusión a dos momentos del proceso desarrollado durante la investigación. La primera fase, corresponde al análisis de bibliografía con un diseño descriptivo; la segunda fase, con el diseño IAP, mediante mesas de trabajo se realizó una matriz DOFA. Los resultados evidencian, por una parte, la baja producción académica en publicaciones científicas a nivel nacional, sobre este tema; además de las perspectivas de los ciudadanos del municipio, representados en los diferentes actores que participaron en las discusiones en torno a la seguridad alimentaria del municipio. La matriz DOFA, permitió plantear, las estrategias que se sugieren para avanzar en el proceso de formulación de políticas públicas, por lo que se plantean los escenarios posibles, desde la prospectiva estratégica, se proponen retos y desafíos tanto para los representantes del Estado, como de la educación, los gremios y la corresponsabilidad de la ciudadanía en el logro de llevar al municipio a ser competitivo y sostenible, tanto para quienes viven en este, como para la región
Early secretory antigen target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage apoptosis and host defense via TLR2
Authors: lin zhang , Lv Jingzhu , Qi Jinying , Li Tengteng , Xia Geman , Feng Tong , Fang Fang , Liu Hui , Xu Tao , Wu Fengjiao , Song Chuanwang , Li Wei , Wang Xiaojing , Chang Xianyou , Wang Hongtao , Wang Ting , Qian Zhongqing
Published: March 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is an intracellular
bacteria capable of evading the human immune system through various
mechanisms. M. tuberculosis secretes many virulence factors when
infecting host cells. The 6 kDa early secretory antigen target (ESAT-6)
is one of the most virulent factors producted by the ESX-1 system, which
acts alone or in conjunction with culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10)
to involve in host-pathogen interactions. ESAT-6 has been widely
investigated in M. tuberculosis pathogenicity and vaccination.
Nonetheless, little is known about its contribution to M. tuberculosis
immune evasion and the involved cellular mechanisms. In this study,
differential genes between BCG with the region of difference-1 (RD1)
gene and Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infected dendritic cells (DC)
were analyzed to reveal that ESAT-6, expressed in the RD1 region,
involves host denfensive function of DC in response to BCG. In vitro
evidence indicated that ESAT-6 (5 μg/ml) inhibits M.
tuberculosis-induced apoptosis in THP-1(A) macrophages by suppressing
TLR2 and via caspase-9 and caspase-3 endogenous pathways. It also
inhibits the expression of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12, and the phagocytosis of
macrophages. Additionally, ESAT-6 suppresses the bactericidal activity
of macrophages, including ROS production, and the killing of M.
tuberculosis. In summary, these data suggest a central role of ESAT-6 in
M. tuberculosis’s evasion from macrophage recognition, phagocytosis,
killing, and apoptosis. Our work may provide a theoretical basis for
exploring new molecular targets of M. tuberculosis both for innovative
vaccines and therapeutic inventions.
Ecological restoration using litter transplants increases decomposition rates and alters detritivore communities
Authors: Contos Peter , Murphy Nick , Kayll Zachary , Morgan Tamara , Vido Joshua , Decker Orsi , Gibb Heloise
Published: March 2023

Habitat degradation and the associated reductions in ecosystem function
can be reversed by reintroducing or ‘rewilding’ keystone species.
Rewilding projects have historically targeted restoration of processes
such as grazing regimes or top-down predation effects. Few projects have
focussed on restoring decomposition efficiency, despite the pivotal role
decomposition plays in global carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling.
Here, we tested whether rewilding entire communities of detritivorous
invertebrates and microbes can improve litter decomposition efficiency
and restore detritivore communities during ecological restoration.
Rewilding was conducted by transplanting leaf litter and soil, including
associated invertebrate and microbial communities from species-rich
remnant sites into species-poor, and geographically isolated,
revegetated farmland sites. We sampled pre- and post-rewilding
communities, comparing remnant, rewilded revegetation, and control
revegetation sites for litter decomposition and the abundance and
diversity of detritivorous invertebrates and microbes. We also
quantified the effect of detritivores on the rate of litter
decomposition using piecewise Structural Equation Modelling.
Decomposition was significantly faster in rewilding sites than both
control and remnant areas and was largely driven by a greater abundance
of invertebrate detritivores. Similarly, the abundance of invertebrate
detritivores in rewilding revegetation sites exceeded the level of
remnant communities, whereas there was little difference between control
and remnant sites. In contrast, saprotrophic fungi contributed little to
decomposition. Areas selected for agriculture were likely more
productive than remnant sites, suggesting that restoration sites have
the capacity for higher decomposition rates and more abundant
detritivore communities than target remnant sites. Importantly, our
findings suggest that the novel and relatively simple act of
transplanting leaf litter can increase functional efficiency during
restoration and alter community composition. Our methods may prove
important across a range of contexts where other restoration methods
have failed to restore ecosystem processes to pre-degradation levels.
A Numerical Test of Soil Layering Effects on Theoretical and Practical Beerkan Infiltration Runs
Authors: Jianbin Lai , Bagarello Vincenzo , Iovino Massimo
Published: March 2023

With reference to a more compacted and less conductive upper soil layer
overlying a less compacted and more conductive subsoil, a simple
three-dimensional (3D) infiltration run is expected to yield more
representative results of the upper layer than the subsoil. However,
there is the need to quantitatively establish what is meant by more
representativeness. At this aim, numerically simulated infiltration was
investigated for a theoretically unconfined process under a null ponded
head of water (d0H0 setup, with d = depth of ring insertion and
H = ponded depth of water) and a practical beerkan run (d1H1
setup, d = H = 1 cm). The considered layered soils
differed by both the layering degree (from weak to strong) and the
thickness of the upper soil layer (0.5-3 cm). It was confirmed that
water infiltration should be expected to be more representative of the
upper soil layer when this layer is the less permeable since, for a 2-h
experiment, the instantaneous infiltration rates for the layered soil
were 1.0-2.1 times greater than those of the homogeneous low permeable
soil and 1.3-20.7 smaller than those of the homogeneous coarser soil
that constituted the subsoil. Similarity with the homogeneous fine soil
increased as expected as the upper layer became thicker. For a weak
layering condition, the layered soil yielded an intermediate
infiltration as compared with that of the two homogeneous soils forming
the layered system. For a strong layering degree, the layered soil was
more similar to the homogeneous fine soil than to the homogeneous coarse
soil. Using the practical setup instead of the theoretical one should
have a small to moderate effect on the instantaneous infiltration rates
since all the calculated percentage differences between the d1H1 and
d0H0 setups fell into the relatively narrow range of -18.8% to +17.4%.
A sequential analysis procedure appeared usable to detect layering
conditions but with some modifications as compared with the originally
proposed procedure. The practical setup enhanced the possibility to
recognize the time at which the characteristics of the subsoil start to
influence the infiltration process. In conclusion, this investigation
contributed to better interpret both the theoretical and the practically
established 3D infiltration process in a soil composed of a less
conductive upper soil layer overlying a more conductive subsoil and it
also demonstrated that modifying a recently proposed procedure only
using infiltration data could be advisable to determine the time when
layering starts to influence the process.
Is Time Computable?
Authors: Al-Suwailem Sami
Published: March 2023

We argue that a global time index may not be computable. Time and
simultaneity can be computable only locally.
Dynamic event-triggered-based anti-disturbance control for uncertain LPV systems
Authors: Zhao Ying , Gao yuxuan , Sang Hong , Yu Shuanghe , Yan Yan
Published: March 2023

This investigation proposes a dynamic event-triggered-based
anti-disturbance control technique for the uncertain linear parameter
varying (LPV) systems subject to multiple disturbances. The disturbances
are comprised of two parts including the unavailable modeled
disturbances and the available unmodeled disturbances. First, an
observer is constructed to capture the unavailable modeled disturbances.
Then, a dynamic event-triggered-based feedback controller is proposed.
Further, under the developed event-triggered controller, sufficient
conditions are presented for the uncertain LPV systems to achieve the
multiple disturbances suppression and communication transmission
resources saving. In the end, the reasonability of the raised dynamic
event-triggered based anti-disturbance control scheme is verified by an
example of a turbofan.
Effect of hybrid steel-polypropylene fiber on punching shear behavior of flat slab with an opening
Authors: ZAEZUE Shahzinan J. , HADI Waleed K.
Published: March 2023

This research aimed to gain a better understanding of how the addition of fiber influences the punching shear capacity of two-way slabs by conducting an experiment into the structural behavior of flat slabs with and without a square opening using different volume fractions of hybrid steel-polypropylene fiber (0%, 0.9%, 1.05% and 1.8%). Ten 700 × 700 × 70 mm slabs were divided into five pairs, with two samples used as control samples (with and without openings), and eight other samples with different volume fraction of fibers. Results showed that an increase in fiber content enhanced the shear strength of the slabs. For example, as the volume fraction of hybrid fiber increased from 0.0 to 1.8%, the ultimate load increased by 52% for slabs without an opening and up to 42% for slabs with an opening.
From the clinic to the underground (Foucault’s introduction of genealogy)
Authors: Romcevic Branko
Published: March 2023

In this paper we consider the issue of Foucault?s introduction of genealogy.
We begin with his Archeology of Knowledge, in which he summarizes his
previous work, explaining the elements of the archaeological procedure
practiced in earlier books but also expressing somewhat of a dissatisfaction
with what he has achieved. In this way, he opens the door for hitherto
unnamed but clearly foreshadowed genealogy. At the same time, Foucault
neither abandons nor rejects archaeology, but conjoins it with genealogy in
order to ensure that a transformation principle as the function of
foundation has been established. By focusing on the transition from one
phase of his work to another, we reveal that the concept of positivity has
the role of a mediator, appearing in Archeology of Knowledge as a rarefied
form of positivism (according to Deleuze?s interpretation) and then occuring
in a phrase according to which ?genealogical mood will be one of happy
positivism?. Since positivism is incompatible with the philosophical school
of thought to which Foucault believed he belonged, we dedicate the central
part of the paper to the issue of positivism in his work. We then turn to
genealogy itself, considering not only the text ?Nietzsche, Genealogy,
History?, the manifesto of Foucault?s late work, but also his ?Lecture One:
7 January 1976?. Next, we demonstrate how Foucault implemented his views on
genealogy as a pairing of underground and scholarly knowledge in the book
Discipline and Punish. Finally, we present Foucault?s stance on archeology
as a method and genealogy as a tactic, which, according to him, establishes
the completeness of the project.
Kalam Cosmological Argument and the actual infinity
Authors: Stojanovic Igor
Published: March 2023

The kalam cosmological argument has received a renewed attention in
philosophical literature after several presentations and defenses of its
versions offered by William Lane Craig. The crux of the debate about Craig?s
a priori arguments in its favor has had mainly to do with the analysis of
the concept of actual infinity and its implications for the possibility that
the universe has an infinite past. While Craig?s arguments point to the
counter-intuitiveness of the implications of the existence such a past, his
critics offer reasons to think that his analysis is flawed in different
respects, mostly due to inappropriate application of mathematical concept of
an infinite set. I aim to show that the criticisms on offer have flaws of
their own and, hence, fail to show that Craig?s reasoning is insufficient to
offer serious reasons to doubt the coherence of the notion of the infinite
past. I argue that a more serious threat to Craig?s arguments lies in
certain types of symmetry between the past and the future.
INFLUENCE OF AIR TRANSPORT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Popovych Olena , Zaharko Jaroslava ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Teren Uliana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2023

In the modern world, aviation plays an extremely important role because it allows us to cover thousands of kilometres quickly. Every year, more and more new airlines are created, trying to win the favour of passengers. Aviation serves almost all points of the globe. The main task of the industry is to ensure the rapid and sustainable development of aviation technology and infrastructure and to adapt existing capacities to new opportunities for their operation. Air transport is an integral part of the modern system of economic relations. In the conditions of the progressive international division of labour and the growth of international economic and cultural ties, its importance for the world economy is becoming increasingly significant. Air transport belongs to the branches of the world economy that develops much faster than others. Today, one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution is transport. Although aviation is significantly (approximately 15 times) inferior to road transport in terms of the pollutants emitted into the air, it affects the ecology of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere every day. The peculiarity is that aviation affects air quality at the local, regional and global levels, unlike other forms of transport. The share of air transport in the world economy is constantly growing, which is facilitated by both technological development and the latest developments in the aviation industry, as well as globalization and ever-closer business and cultural ties between different countries of the world (Civil Code of Ukraine, 2003).
The manifestations of modern degassing in the heat flow and deep structure (on the example of Lohvytsky block of Dnieper-Donetsk basin)
Authors: Usenko O.V. , Usenko A.P.
Published: March 2023

The article contains heat flow calculations in the Lokhvytsky block and a scheme of the distribution of heat flow. We found the dependence of heat flow distribution with zones of activated deep faults of the crystal basement, sedimentary cover of Sribnenska depression and its surroundings. At the borders of Lokhvytsky block the heat flow in the area changes only a little, staying close to the average value — 40 mWt/m2. At all deposits the gradient increases by 20—30 °С/m, which happens at the intersection of tectonic, stratigraphic and lithological borders, which in many cases control the location of hydrocarbon deposits as well.

Changes of temperature and composition of waters at the depth where the gradient jumps let us assume that their reason is modern hydrothermal activity. To find its manifestations, we incorporated geophysical research that determined the fault zones and zones of decompression, to which hydrocarbon deposits tend. The connection between thermal water discharge zones and faults is confirmed by their enrichment with hydrogen, helium, and the presence of native metal particles.

Fault zones, which limit the Sribnenska depression and the Kherson—Smolensk transregional tectonic seam are shown at the crust structure, established by a two-dimensional speed model of seismic Р waves in the Еarth’s crust (GEORIFT 2013 profile). The results of seismotomographic research show the complex structure of the mantle, directly under the study area.

Geophysical data demonstrate that faults manifested in the crystalline basement and sedimentary strata control the location of high-velocity blocks in the crust. The continuation of faults to the boundary of the crust and mantle is unquestionable. The inhomogeneities of the structure of the upper mantle and the transition layer, reflected in the seismotomographic model, can be traced directly under the Sribne depression to the lower mantle. This allows us to assume, as a working hypothesis, the existence of a chain of geodynamic processes that are manifested on the surface in hydrothermal activity.
Paleotemperature reconstructions based on vitrinite thermometry data (on the example of the Upper Paleozoic deposits of the Dnieper-Donets depression and the adjacent margins of the Donbas)
Authors: Ivanova A.V. , Gavryltsev V.B.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to paleotemperature reconstructions based on the data on the reflectance of the vitrinite of coal organic matter in the Upper Paleozoic deposits of the Don-Dnieper trough (within the Dnieper-Donets depression and adjacent parts of the Donbas). It is builds on earlier work on reconstructing the paleogeothermal regime by establishing paleogeothermal gradients and amplitudes of vertical displacements of rock massifs. Paleogeothermal indicators are associated with the geodynamic setting of the subsoil, which determines the intensity and nature of the distribution of heat sources, geological development, and features of the tectonic structure of the region. Based on the results, a map of the distribution of paleotemperatures at a depth of 3 km was constructed. An analysis of the changes and patterns in the distribution of paleotemperatures makes it possible to reveal the role of volcanism, deep faults geodynamics, and lithospheric parameters in the thermal history of the region, as well as to evaluate its thermal field evolution. The presented map, along with the previously published maps of the paleogeothermal gradients and amplitudes of vertical displacements of rock massifs, can be used to demonstrate the features and patterns of the regional distribution of the indicated parameters. It could become a powerful tool in the study of the tectonic and geothermal history of the region.
Palaeomagnetism of the Vendian traps of Volyn, southwestern margin of the East European Platform, P. 2: magnetostratigraphy
Authors: Bakhmutov V.G. , Poliachenko I.B. , Cherkes S.I. , Hlavatskyi D.V.
Published: March 2023

We present new results of palaeomagnetic studies of the Vendian (Ediacaran) rocks of the Volyn Basalt Province revealed by six boreholes on the NW Ukraine. This is a continuation of previous studies of upper part of the Volyn series described by Bakhmutov et al. [2021]. In the recent works [Shcherbakova et al., 2020; Thallner et al., 2022], the results of palaeointensity determinations of the Volyn series basalts showed the ultra-low dipole moment of Earth’s magnetic field which coincident with other palaeomagnetic data for Ediacaran indicating an extremely weak geomagnetic field. Clear stratification and correlation of the basalt and tuff layers by magnetic parameters allow us to determine the magnetic field reversals throughout the stratigraphic succession of the Volyn series of about 400 m thick. In basalts, tuffs and baked contact rocks, a high-temperature characteristic component of remanent magnetization (ChRM) with all signs of primary magnetization have been isolated. For the directions of inclination of ChRM-components at least six magnetic polarity reversals were revealed. The geochronological ages of rocks is in the range of 580—545 Ma, but the errors in the age estimation are too large for separation of individual formations within the pulses of activity or differentiation of individual eruptions. Therefore the formation time of the entire stratum remains uncertain, and the key issue for interpretation of the magnetic polarity reversal frequency is the duration of accumulation of traps. Two possible interpretations of palaeomagnetic results are considered. In the first, which takes into account different stages of magmatic activity, the time interval of accumulation can be about 10 million years. Then the average frequency of geomagnetic inversions is close to mean for the Phanerozoic. We prefer the other interpretation when the formations of the Large Igneous Provinces have been occurred over a short time interval (e.g. 0.5 Myr). Taking into account the results of palaeointensity estimations for the same samples, which shown the extremely weak geomagnetic field, the hypothesis of the «hyperactivity» of the field with a frequency of at least 12 reversals per one million years on the end of the Ediacaran gain the additional confirmation.
New hyperbolic statistics for the equilibrium distribution function of interacting electrons
Authors: Zelenin Yu.A. , Bilyi T.A.
Published: March 2023

New statistics of a low-parameter distribution of the sech (ε, µ) type are presented, which reproduce the results of plasma simulation by the method of dynamics of many particles (DMP) with high accuracy. The distribution is based on a conceptual model of a two-component plasma — virtual quasiparticles of negative energy (exciton phase ε<0); the scattering region of positive energy (gas phase ε>0). Optimization and elementary estimates of the applicability of the sech (ε, µ) distribution statistics were made after the results of DMP experiments. The sech (ε,µ) distribution reduces the number of parameters of the three-piece DMP distribution from 4 energy diffusion coefficients (D1, D2, D3, D4) to two — the chemical potential µ and the asymmetry coefficient α. The functional relationship D1, D2, D3, D4 with the chemical potential of the system µ in the sech (ε, µ) distribution is introduced in a similar way to the Einstein relation between mobility and energy diffusion constants. The functional variety of the differential equation belongs to the family of elliptic functions. It is much wider than the hyperbolic solution given, which has significant physical application for complex values of the energy ε. The proposed simplified scheme grounded in the physical interpretation of negative energies can be written for the electrometric electrons of the atmosphere, which previously presented significant methodological difficulties. The chemical potentials of the fluid (metastable states) and gas phases are presented as functions of the plasma imperfection parameter. The problem is posed as an application to the problem of electrometric electrons in the atmosphere. The proposed distribution is not represented in mathematical statistics and statistical physics; it is new and extremely relevant.
Alternative Models of Electronic Literary Criticism: Intermedial and Ergodic
Authors: Iskarna Tatang
Published: March 2023

Electronic literature, known as cyber or digital literature, has elicited negative and favourable responses. Negative reactions centre on disagreements regarding its definition and the author's quality and authenticity. Positive reflexes include its rapid and massive distribution, publication, and subversion against the dominant establishment of printed literature. Its open space for creativity due to the addition of multimedia and its intensive interaction between writers and readers also become beneficial values. Despite the negative and favourable backlash, electronic literary criticism development has not yet been widely discussed. Electronic academic critique models are rarely debated due to a lack of consensus on their definitions, interdisciplinarity, and technological obstacles. This article attempts to propose alternate models for electronic literary criticism, viewing it as a new genre. This literary analysis offers alternatives based on its significant elements: technology (platform), immersive experience and interactivity (the reader’s involvement), literary work (various electronic types), and accessibility (wide range of readers). Considering that electronic literature combines literature, technology, and digital media to interpret works and investigate the relationships between technology, authorship, and readership, its criticism needs to broaden its area which includes technology. Intermedial and ergodic criticism can be the alternatives to approach this new genre.
Influence of Language Coaching Techniques on Undergraduate Students’ Motivation in the Process of Foreign Languages Teaching at Non-linguistic Specialties
Authors: Zablotska Lyubov , Olendr Tetiana , Tsar Iryna
Published: March 2023

The application of coaching techniques is popular in the worldwide practice of specialist training and is used in various fields. However, the problem of introduction of coaching technniques in foreign languages learning in Ukraine remains insufficiently covered and requires a more detailed study. This paper aimed to study the influence of language coaching techniques (LCT) on undergraduate students’ motivation in the process of foreign language teaching at non-linguistic specialties. The study sought to answer the main research questions: 1.What effect would LCT have on undergraduate students’ motivation to learn foreign languages at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU) in Ukraine? 2. How will the students perceive LCT while learning languages? The research employs qualitative methods (scientific observations, analysis of student activity results) to substantiate research theoretical grounds; quantitative metods (testing and self-assessment reviews) to identify the efficacy of LCT, communicative methods (conversations, discussions), and methods of mathematical analysis to do calculations of the collected research data. The conducted experiment involved randomly chosen 62 second-year students of the first (bachelor) higher education level of non-linguistic specialties of TNPU. The study concluded that the applied LCT at foreign language classes during the experiment provided positive dynamics in the growth of students’ motivation to knowledge acquisition. The findings would have practical significance for teachers of foreign languages who want to organize the learning process and make it more effective.
Academic Writing of Saudi Graduate Students: Issues and Improvements
Authors: Al Mahmud Fawaz , Afzal ur Rahmanu Mohammad
Published: March 2023

This study investigates research writing difficulties encountered by Saudi graduate students at a Saudi university and seeks to offer interventional guidelines accordingly. A fuller understanding of these difficulties will contribute to the development of instruction aimed at improving students’ research writing skills. The main question this study addresses is this: What are the major academic writing problems facing Saudi graduate students? The investigation used an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach involving 87 participants at the University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The data were collected through a 20-item Likert scale questionnaire completed online by 85 Saudi graduate students (37 males, 48 females; 69 majoring in English, 16 majoring in other subjects) and semi-structured interviews conducted with two faculty members. The quantitative data were analyzed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results revealed that most students experienced difficulties related to language, argumentation, and research-article genre when composing research reports in English. Both the participating students and teachers thought the most serious academic writing challenges for Saudi graduate students were presenting complex information in clear sentences and building strong arguments. In contrast, the least problematic task was finding and documenting sources. Regarding evaluating sources, writing Literature reviews, and using technical vocabulary, most students were unsure of their abilities. Besides, English majors and other majors had similar perceptions of difficulties in three out of four significant aspects of research writing. As far as documenting sources is concerned, the perception varied significantly between the English-major and other-major students. The findings of the present study can assist stakeholders in identifying instructional needs in research writing in the Saudi Arabian context, and our guidelines will make research writing less difficult for Saudi students.
The impact of COVID-19 on the status of migrant workers: international legal experience
Authors: Holovatenko M. , Sereda V.
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely curtailed international migration through border closures and forced millions of people to return home to their homelands. The harsh measures taken by the countries of the world to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic provoked a severe crisis in the world economy and affected all areas of people's daily lives, regardless of their social status and status. The main restrictions affected migration mobility and politics due to the fact that the main goal of states has become the minimization of personal contacts of the population to control the further spread of the virus by closing borders and stopping or reducing transportation by all modes of transport. These actions led to significant changes in global migration processes, as many countries closed their borders without the possibility for migrants and their populations to leave them or return to their homeland. The ineffectiveness of many areas of the economy, where migrants worked, led to mass dismissals and, as a result, to a lack of funds both for returning home and for living in the country of residence.

The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial role that social protection plays in overcoming severe social and economic crises, as well as the importance of introducing a minimum level of social protection for all, including migrant workers.

The pandemic and its economic effects carry risks of stigmatization and discrimination against migrant workers in both destination and origin countries. Countries should systematically monitor cases of discrimination and hate speech against migrant workers. The governments of the countries should also take care of systematically informing citizens about the positive aspects of labor migration. For countries, it can be an emphasis on the role of labor migrants in critically important areas, such as agricultural industry, logistics, transport, medicine, and critical services.
Court precedent as a source of constitutional law of foreign countries
Authors: Kozynets O. , Kostyuchenko N.
Published: March 2023

In modern conditions, the study of the sources of constitutional law of foreign countries is extremely relevant. The scientific article determined that judicial precedent is the main source of constitutional law of the states of the Anglo-Saxon legal system and an auxiliary source of constitutional law in the Romano-Germanic legal system.

The scientific article also focuses on the fact that on February 23, 2006, a fundamental Law was adopted in Ukraine – the Law of Ukraine «On the Implementation of Decisions and Application of the Practice of the European Court of Human Rights». It was determined that the adoption of the above-mentioned legislative act had at one time not only a theoretical significance for legal science, but primarily a practical significance for the functioning of the courts, since the requirement of this legislative act is the strict implementation of the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, which in turn recognizes precedential law.

The work also determined that earlier, court precedent in Ukraine was not a universally recognized source of constitutional law. However, over time, court precedent began to take on extremely important importance, and domestic courts increasingly operate with the practice of higher courts when making certain decisions. Therefore, the scientific article substantiates the importance of the study of judicial precedent as a source of constitutional law in foreign countries, since the relationship to this source of constitutional law in common law states and continental law states is fundamentally different.

Also, in the scientific article, special attention is paid to issues related to the practice of applying judicial precedent in each of the modern legal systems. In particular, it is determined what influence the court precedent had on the development of constitutional law, whether courts act as subjects of judicial law-making or not, the main aspects of the court precedent and its relationship with judicial practice are determined.

The scientific article also highlights how judicial precedent is applied in France, Germany, Great Britain, as well as specific features of its application in Ukraine.

As a result, it was determined that judicial precedent is determined by law as a special source of constitutional law of foreign countries, and therefore for Ukraine it should also occupy a particularly important place in the system of sources of constitutional law, although at the same time it is inferior to the normative legal act as a fundamental source of constitutional law - the German legal system, which includes Ukraine.
The Priority Tasks of the National Science of Constitutional Law during the Russian Aggression
Authors: Martseliak O.
Published: March 2023

The article addresses the issue of the role of the science of the constitutional law during the war with russian aggressor. It is mentioned, that international and national experience of the state-building, obtained over the long years of Ukrainian independence, convincingly proves that it is not possible to modernize social relations without correct scientific substantiation, prognostic predictions, development of the innovative social methodology and theories. It is particularly important during the full-scale war with russia due to the fact, that Ukrainian community and country faced the problems, which were not previously in the focus of attention of domestic legal science.

The author emphasizes, that there is no abstract necessity to explore the negative phenomena of war. A conclusion is made that the legal science has to provide a legal assessment of the certain war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, violations of the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person committed on the territory of Ukraine by russia, etc. It has been found out that there is need of the summarizing the practice of applying Constitution of Ukraine and other legislation during the war, the real state of ensuring human rights, the functioning of the national mechanism of public power, taking into consideration the military situation. The aim of the legal science, including constitutional law, is to provide a conceptual theoretical framework based on the aforementioned generalization and scientifically substantiate and formulate the specific importance of the enhancement of national legislation and to determine the nature of the content of such changes.

The research highlights the specific priority tasks of the national science of constitutional law not only in relation to the analysis and development of recommendations regarding the improvement of national legislation in order to guarantee state sovereignty, territorial integrity of Ukraine, proper provision of human rights and functioning of the mechanism of state power and local self-government during the period of military aggression of the northern neighbor, but also to create the basis of the transformation of the Ukrainian legal system according to the European standards and values in the post-war country.
Establishment and development of legal regulation administrative judiciary in the Republic of Poland
Authors: Boyko І.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the establishment and development of the legal regulation of administrative proceedings in the Republic of Poland. It is noted that the organization and activity of administrative proceedings in the restored Republic of Poland was based on two models: the previous Austrian administrative proceedings and the Prussian administrative proceedings. As a result, the formation of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal was foreseen in the Republic of Poland, which testifies to the significant influence of Western European traditions. The legal basis for its creation and activity was the law of August 3, 1922, the powers of which were specified by the regulations of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal.

The competence of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal included the decision on the legality of decisions and orders in the sphere of governmental and self-governing administration. It was established that the restored Polish state, from the first days of its existence, began activities aimed at forming borders, state authorities, the army, law enforcement agencies, including the judiciary, namely the creation of an effective Polish judicial system and judiciary. It is described that the formation and development of the judicial system of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a long process and included two stages, which can be divided into two stages using the characteristics of the functioning of various systems of judicial bodies, their adaptation to new socio-political conditions and the growth of deformations caused by the violation of democratic principles of the March Constitution of 1921 and the creation of a unified system of general courts and its reformation in the direction of anti-democratic principles.

It has been established that the foundations of the judicial system in Poland are the Constitution of 1921, which recognized the courts as a separate branch of government, independent of the executive and legislative powers, which in practice was not always implemented. It is noted that a feature of the judicial system of the Republic of Poland was the introduction of administrative proceedings, the formation of which took place immediately after the restoration of the Polish state. Attention was drawn to the fact that after the Second World War until 1980 there was no separate administrative court in the Republic of Poland. Administrative justice was revived in Poland on September 1, 1980, when the High Administrative Court, established under the law of January 31, 1980, began to operate.