bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-learning readiness among faculty members of medical sciences universities and provide strategies to improve it
Authors: Houshmandi Sousan , Rezaei Eisa , Hatami Javad , Molaei Behnam
Published: January 2020

Background: The competence of faculty in conducting e-learning is one of the preconditions for e-learning implementation in a university. This study aimed at investigating the readiness of the faculty members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (ARUMS) to have e-learning. Methods: To fulfil this purpose, a triangulation method has been used. In the quantitative section, based on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model, the faculty competence in conducting e-learning has been measured in four areas: pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, content knowledge, and finally the skill of combiningpedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, and content knowledge. Subsequently,with the qualitative data of the semi-structured interview, the findings of the research have been explained. Finally, the strategies for improving the readiness of ARUMS faculty have been identified in e-learning. Results: One-sample t test with a significant level (P ≤ 0.5) showed that the faculty e-learning of ARUMS had the highest mean of pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge and content pedagogical knowledge respectively. In other words, the faculty had a high level of pedagogical,content and content-pedagogical knowledge, but they need to improve their technological,technological-content, technological-pedagogical and ultimately, technological-pedagogical content knowledge. Conclusion: That is why, in order to have effective e-learning at ARUMS, the faculty has to improve their technological, technological-content, technological-pedagogical and technological-pedagogical-content knowledge. In this regard, several solutions have been proposed in this paper.
Evaluation of a research methods course for clinical residents
Authors: Kazemi Shishavan Maryamalsadat , Alizadeh Mahasti
Published: January 2020

Background: Residency programs generally carry out various educational interventions to improve residents’ publication records. Since an intervention may not produce the same effect in different locations, evaluating the effectiveness of individual interventions is essential for examining progress in this field of study. Authorities at the Tabriz University of Medical Science (TUOMS) proposed a research training program targeting a rise in residents’ scholarly activity and publications; this study aimed to evaluate the program and share the findings and experiences. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to 182 residents and the heads of all clinical departments. Evaluators used Kirkpatrick’s four-level model and Stufflebeam’s Context, Input, Process and Product model for data gathering and analyzing. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth semi-structured interviews were done with faculty members, executive staff, and residents to complement the survey results. Data were summarized and categorized using quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results: The participation rate for residents and heads of departments were 76 (41.7%) and 14(70%), respectively. At the end of the course, residents assessed their knowledge and research skills as weak or medium in most of the subjects. A total of 182 (100 %) residents prepared thesis proposals. Only 82 (49.1%) residents completed their thesis, and 19 (11.3%) published papers.Generally, participants were not satisfied with the course. Barriers noted were: mandatory topics for theses, an intensive course with a one-month duration, a lack of consideration of practical subjects, high cost of the course, and failure to achieve an increase in publications. Conclusion: The Self-assessment results of increased knowledge and research skills did not indicate improvement. Mandatory participation in the course did not result in the expected publication increase.
Superficial Bound of the Depth Limit of Two-Photon Imaging in Mouse Brain
Authors: Takasaki Kevin , Abbasi-Asl Reza , Waters Jack
Published: January 2020

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy has been used extensively to probe the structure and functions of cells in living biological tissue. Two-photon excitation generates fluorescence from the focal plane, but also from outside the focal plane, with out-of-focus fluorescence increasing as the focus is pushed deeper into tissue. It has been postulated that the two-photon depth limit, beyond which results become inaccurate, is where in-focus and out-of-focus fluorescence are equal, which we term the balance depth. Calculations suggest that the balance depth should be at ∼600 µm in mouse cortex. Neither the two-photon depth limit nor the balance depth have been measured in brain tissue. We found the depth limit and balance depth of two-photon excitation in mice with GCaMP6 indicator expression in all layers of visual cortex, by comparing near-simultaneous two-photon and three-photon excitation. Two-photon and three-photon results from superficial locations were almost identical. two-photon results were inaccurate beyond the balance depth, consistent with the depth limit matching the balance depth for two-photon excitation. However, the two-photon depth limit and balance depth were at 450 µm, shallower than predicted by calculations. Our results were from tissue with a largely homogenous distribution of fluorophores. The expected balance depth is deeper in tissue with fewer fluorophores outside the focal plane and our results therefore establish a superficial bound on the two-photon depth limit in mouse visual cortex.
A Toolbox of Criteria for Distinguishing Cajal–Retzius Cells from Other Neuronal Types in the Postnatal Mouse Hippocampus
Authors: Anstötz Max , Maccaferri Gianmaria
Published: January 2020

The study of brain circuits depends on a clear understanding of the role played by different neuronal populations. Therefore, the unambiguous identification of different cell types is essential for the correct interpretation of experimental data. Here, we emphasize to the broader neuroscience community the importance of recognizing the persistent presence of Cajal–Retzius cells in the molecular layers of the postnatal hippocampus, and then we suggest a variety of criteria for distinguishing Cajal–Retzius cells from other neurons of the hippocampal molecular layers, such as GABAergic interneurons and semilunar granule cells. The toolbox of criteria that we have investigated (in male and female mice) can be useful both for anatomical and functional experiments, and relies on the quantitative study of neuronal somatic/nuclear morphology, location and developmental profile, expression of specific molecular markers (GAD67, reelin, COUP-TFII, calretinin, and p73), single cell anatomy, and electrophysiological properties. We conclude that Cajal–Retzius cells are small, non-GABAergic neurons that are tightly associated with the hippocampal fissure (HF), and that, within this area of interest, selectively express the proteins p73 and calretinin. We highlight the dangers of using markers such as reelin or COUP-TFII to identify Cajal–Retzius cells or GABAergic interneurons because of their poor specificity. Lastly, we examine neurons of the postnatal hippocampal molecular layers and show cell type-specific differences in their dendritic/axonal morphologies and density distributions, as well as in their membrane properties and spontaneous synaptic inputs. These parameters can be used to distinguish biocytin-filled and/or electrophysiologically recorded neurons and should be considered to avoid interpretational mistakes.
miR-7 mediates the signaling pathway of NE affecting FSH and LH synthesis in pig pituitary
Authors: Li Xin , Li Hongjiao , Zhang Di , Xu Guojin , Zhang Jinglin , Cui Sheng
Published: January 2020

MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) is an important modulator of a plenty of gene expressions and the interrelated biological processes, highly expressed in porcine pituitary. Norepinephrine (NE), acting as an important neurotransmitter or/and a hormone secreted excessively under stress, affects the synthesis and secretion of various hormones, including pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are the key hormones which regulate sexual maturation and reproductive functions. However, the relationship among NE, miR-7 and gonadotropin needs to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to identify whether miR-7 involved in the NE-adrenoceptor signaling pathway affects the synthesis and secretion of FSH and LH in porcine pituitary. Our results showed that the NE intracerebroventricular injection increased pituitary miR-7 level and the synthesis and secretion of FSH and LH in porcine, whereas the inhibition of either endogenous miR-7 or β-adrenergic receptors hindered the rise of FSH and LH synthesis induced by NE in cultured primary porcine anterior pituitary cells. Further, we identified the molecular type of β-adrenergic receptors and the signaling pathway in porcine pituitary, and we found that NE played its roles relying on adrenoceptor beta 2 (β2AR) and the RAF/MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 upregulated miR-7 level which subsequently enhanced FSH and LH synthesis by targeting to Golgi glycoprotein 1 (GLG1). These suggest that miR-7 mediates NE’s effect on promoting FSH and LH synthesis in porcine pituitary.
The Impact of Excise Tax Increases on Ethyl Alcohol Sales in Lithuania
Authors: Bartkus Algirdas
Published: January 2020

This article provides empirical evidence that the demand for ethyl alcohol in Lithuania is price elastic and the root cause of this elasticity is the competition between Lithuanian and Polish sellers. The basis for the emergence of competition lies in the price differences between the countries, which arise as a direct consequence of the Lithuanian government’s policy in the alcohol sector, which is directed towards reckless increases in excise duties. The increase in Lithuanian excise duties leads to a wider price gap between countries and in the first months after the increase results increases in prices. In subsequent months, Lithuanian importers and manufacturers tend to revise the assortment and costs, replacing more expensive goods with cheaper ones or slightly alter the markups. These changes are the main reason why demand in the domestic market gradually recovers. The price elasticity of demand predetermines the gradual recovery of the ethyl alcohol market, but each increase in excise duty reduces the manufacturers’ markups and (or) leads to the changes in product range, where higher-costs products are displaced by lower-cost products.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING, KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Angraeni Lia , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2020

THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING AND CRITICAL THINKING ON HIGH ORDER THINGKING ABILITY            AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of problem-based learning model and critical thinking skills on students' high-order thinking about optical materials. Quasi-experimental method with two-way ANOVA design was used to conduct this study with 34 second semester physic education students of IKIP PGRI Pontianak. Data of students’ higher order thinking ability was obtained from multiple choice test with reason while the data of students' critical thinking ability was measured using multiple choice test. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that: (1) there is an influence of the problem based learning model on high student's thinking ability, (2) there is an influence of high critical thinking ability and low critical thinking ability on high student's thinking ability and (3) the interaction between the application of problem based learning model with the ability to think critically to the students' high level of thinking ability. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model problem based learning, keterampilan berpikir kritis dan interaksinya terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa pada materi optika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen semu dengan desain two way ANOVA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di IKIP PGRI Pontianak pada mahasiswa semester II program studi pendidikan fisika sebanyak 34 orang mahasiswa. Data kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa diperoleh dengan menggunakan tes pilihan ganda dengan alasan sedangkan data kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa diukur dengan menggunakan tes berbentuk multiple choice. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh penerapan model problem based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa, (2) terdapat pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi dan kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa dan (3) terdapat interaksi antara penerapan model problem based learning dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa.
PEMETAAN POTENSI LOKAL KABUPATEN WONOSOBO UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA)
Authors: Sarah Siti
Published: January 2020

MAPPING AND INTEGRATING INDONESIA'S LOCAL POTENTIAL IN HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS LEARNING TO CREATE THE MEANINGFUL LEARNING AbstractLearning physics in high school requires the fulfillment of 4 core competencies, namely spiritual, social, knowledge, and skills. Therefore, it is needed for various creative activities and meaningful learning to learn it. A contextual approach by integrating local potential and physics material becomes a promising choice for studying physics. This study aims to identify the local potential that can be integrated with the physics material. This is a qualitative research by study of literatureand and survey method. The results showed seven physics materials in SHS based on the Curriculum 2013 Revised Edition can be integrated with the local potential of Wonosobo, Indonesia. There is the nature of physics and measurement of physical quantities; dynamics of motion; static and dynamic fluids; temperature, heat, global warming phenomenon; kinetic gas theory; light and optical devices, and sounds. The local potential are calculate the seeds and agricultural products, Arjuna temple, how farmers irrigate land, sikidang crater, color lake, menjer lakes, pengilon lake, dlingo lake, merdada lake, cebong lake, swiwi lake, steam power plant “Geodipa”, Mangli water source, Carica Pubescens, ongklok noodles, heating equipment, Dieng plateau, Bundengan musical instruments, confusing lines around the Dieng plateau, Serayu River, Kalianget baths, and ruwatan rambut gimbal. AbstrakPembelajaran fisika di SMA menuntut terpenuhinya 4 kompetensi inti, yaitu spiritual, sosial, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan berbagai aktivitas kreatif dan pembelajaran bermakna untuk mempelajarinya. Pendekatan kontekstual dengan mengintegrasikan potensi lokal dan materi fisika menjadi pilihan yang menjanjikan untuk mempelajari fisika. Pemetaan potensi lokal dan materi fisika perlu dilakukan sebelum melaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi lokal yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan pembelajaran fisika SMA guna melaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 7 materi fisika SMA berdasarkan kurikulum 2013 Edisi Revisi dapat dipetakan dengan potensi lokal Kabupaten Wonosobo, Indonesia. Materi tersebut yaitu hakikat fisika dan pengukuran besaran fisika; dinamika gerak; fluida statis dan dinamis; suhu, kalor, gejala pemanasan global; teori kinetik gas; cahaya dan alat optik, dan bunyi. Potensi lokal meliputi menghitung bibit dan hasil pertanian, Candi Arjuna, cara petani mengairi lahan, kawah sikidang, telaga warna, telaga menjer, telaga pengilon, telaga dlingo, telaga merdada, telaga cebong, telaga swiwi, PLTU Geodipa, sumber air mangli, carica, mie ongklok, alat pemanas ruangan, dataran tinggi dieng, alat musik Bundengan, jalur tingungan di sekitar dataran tinggi Dieng, Sungai Serayu, pemandian Kalianget, dan ruwatan rambut gimbal.
Saramago e a sua crítica ao salazarismo nos seus romances iniciais
Authors: Matias Felipe Dos Santos
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo analisa as representações e os artifícios literários utilizados pelo escritor português José Saramago (19222010) para configurar nos seus primeiros romances (Manual de Pintura e Caligrafia, Levantado do Chão, Memorial do Convento e O ano da morte de Ricardo Reis) um discurso crítico a respeito do regime salazarista em Portugal. Além disso, estuda-se também os efeitos da censura e do autoritarismo praticados pelo Estado Novo (1933-1974) em relação ao pensamento artístico no país ibérico durante os anos de exceção. Este estudo dialoga com as contribuições sobre o referido assunto de pesquisadores como Carlos Reis, Fernando Rosas, Teresa Cristina Cerdeira da Silva e Álvaro Cardoso Gomes.
A presença do autor em Finisterra, de Carlos de Oliveira
Authors: Seeger Giseli
Published: January 2020

Movimentos como o formalismo russo, o new criticism e o estruturalismo francês defendiam que critérios como autor e intenção deveriam ser varridos do horizonte crítico para instaurar-se a condição de objetividade necessária ao estudo científico das obras literárias. Entretanto, em última instância, nossa experiência de leitores continua a nos dizer que tais critérios desempenham papel importante na construção do significado das obras. Nessa breve leitura de Finisterra, de Carlos de Oliveira, narrativa complexa, que à primeira vista enfraquece os sinais de autoria, propomos uma “via intermediária” para a abordagem da categoria autor. Quer dizer, evitamos, por um lado, o que W.K. Wimsatt (1946) chama a falácia intencional, “que sustenta a intenção do autor como critério para qualquer interpretação válida do texto”, e, por outro, o que Paul Ricoeur designa por “falácia do texto absoluto”, isto é, “o tratamento do texto como uma entidade sem autor” (RICOEUR, 1976, p. 42).
Elementos metapoéticos do poema “Ave inquieta” de Afonso Duarte
Authors: Lage Rodrigo Conçole
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar alguns dos princípios teóricos que nortearam o trabalho poético do poeta português Afonso Duarte. Para isso, nós iremos estudar um de seus metapoemas, o “Ave Inquieta”, a partir das ideias de Aristóteles, Horácio, Longino e outros teóricos sobre a concisão e imitação. Por isso, dividimos nosso trabalho em duas partes. Na primeira, utilizando esse referencial teórico, procuramos definir o conceito de concisão, discutindo a sua importância. Na segunda, analisamos a questão da valorização da brevidade, do papel da poesia, do poeta e da proeminência da temática amorosa a partir da ideia de imitação da natureza.
Eliete cai na rede: a arte de reinventar a vida cotidiana na era das mídias sociais
Authors: Frota Silvia Valencich
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, explora-se o papel das novas tecnologias da comunicação, em especial, das redes sociais digitais e da sua presença pervasiva na vida de Eliete, a personagem central que dá nome ao novo romance de Dulce Maria Cardoso (2018), com as profundas transformações das relações interpessoais e visões de mundo que estas ora promovem, ora revelam. O exercício do controle e da vigilância sobre os outros e sobre si mesmo, a transformação da relação espaço-tempo no contexto desta nova sociedade em rede e a inegável e contundente realidade do virtual no mundo moderno são algumas das questões que afloram. Nesse cenário, um novo equilíbrio de forças é construído, que se revela pouco a pouco, enquanto acompanhamos Eliete na banalidade dos dias comuns.
Political issues in contemporary art of Ukraine
Authors: Usenko Natalia
Published: January 2020

At the beginning of the XXI century Ukrainian art observed activization of the artist’s interest for the political life of the country. The starting point was 2004, marked by protests against unfair elections in the country, the birth of the first “Maidan” and “Orange revolution”. In a number of artistic actions organized by art groups we can see the reflection of the revolution events and, later, the frustrations of its ideals. The most striking manifestation of political issues in contemporary art in Ukraine was the great creativity following the second “Maidan” (2013). In this spontaneous Performance everyone plays a role: the participants are the protesters, official persons, fighters of “Berkut” and interior force troops, journalists and others. Protesters’ tents, barricades, a statue of Lenin and “Maidan” itself (or Independence Square) as a place of free will and creativity became the Symbols of the “Maidan” and its own art objects.
Between Lévinas and Arendt – Philosophical Origins of Alain Finkielkraut’s Reflection on the Other and the Education
Authors: Liszka Katarzyna , Włodarczyk Rafał
Published: January 2020

A member of the generation of student revolt ’68, Alain Finkielkraut is thought to be one of the most prominent intellectuals in France, taking part in public debates on several issues essential for Europe and the world. His assays, articles and books may be read as a complex commentary with a sound humanistic background to the condition of western culture as well as to current socio-political events. Our article focuses on revealing theoretical grounding of Finkielkraut’s reflection in the philosophies of Emmanuel Lévinas and Hannah Arendt. We attempt to reconstruct the way Finkielkraut employs his critical apparatus built on their thought to the field of educational practices in order to present the specific perspective of educational research and to contribute to the knowledge produced by widely understood critical pedagogic.
Design Thinking in Pedagogy
Authors: Luka Ineta
Published: January 2020

The twenty-first century has brought lots of challenges for people in all spheres, including education. In the new context, traditional approaches often seem ineffective and therefore new tools and methods have to be applied. An alternative approach that might be useful in the given context is design thinking – the approach that originated in architecture, design and art, and nowadays is applied in many fields. It is a human-centered problem-solving approach that may be used in the teaching/learning process to develop twenty-first century skills and enhance creativity and innovation. This paper introduces readers to the origin of design thinking, its attributes and processes as well as its application in pedagogy.
CURRÍCULO TÉCNICO INTEGRADO AO ENSINO MÉDIO: IMPLANTAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PRÁTICAS NO CONTEXTO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Carneiro Italan
Published: January 2020

Utilizando como base a pesquisa bibliográfica, discutimos neste trabalho a implantação e o desenvolvimento das concepções e práticas relacionadas à Educação Profissional de Nível Técnico realizada na forma Integrada com o Ensino Médio no contexto brasileiro. Por tratar-se de uma proposta relativamente recente, cujo atual formato foi instituído em 2004, e de complexos objetivos (dentre os quais destacamos a extinção da histórica dualidade estrutural da educação brasileira), os trabalhos abordados apontam grandes dificuldades para sua efetiva implantação. Evidenciou-se então a necessidade de garantir políticas voltadas ao desenvolvimento da Proposta Integrada, sendo esta uma necessidade que precisa adquirir caráter político-institucional, não podendo estar restrita a iniciativas individuais do corpo docente.
O LUGAR DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NA GARANTIA DO DIREITO
Authors: Dos Anjos Nivia Barreto
Published: January 2020

Este artigo retrata sobre a necessidade de plantar e cuidar para que a educação profissional não seja desmontada pela voracidade do capitalismo. A metodologia utilizada reporta-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, exemplificada  por algumas ações práticas. A questão da investigação sugere que plantar significa reforçar as raízes de uma educação que foi criada para os pobres, mas que jamais se permitiu ser pobre. E cuidar é garantir que a qualidade do ensino profissional permaneça com toda a sua riqueza teórica e prática,  não sendo afetada pela malignidade do capital.
ADOECIMENTO MENTAL NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA: O QUE PENSAM OS ESTUDANTES CONCLUINTES DE CURSOS TÉCNICO INTEGRADOS
Authors: Pacheco Fabiane do Amaral , Nonenmacher Sandra Elisabet Bazana , Cambraia Adão Caron
Published: January 2020

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como objetivo investigar os possíveis fatores de sofrimento/adoecimento mental relacionados ao contexto escolar de estudantes concluintes de três cursos  de Ensino Médio Integrado da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica de um Campus do Instituto Federal Farroupilha. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta dos dados foi o questionário. Para a análise dos dados, a metodologia utilizada foi a Análise de Conteúdo, que permitiu identificar possíveis fatores causadores de prejuízos ao seu bem-estar físico e/ou emocional, entre eles, dificuldades de adaptação à instituição, dificuldades de relacionamento, bullying e pressão por bom desempenho escolar.  Além disso, os estudantes identificam a importância dos processos de interação com colegas, professores e servidores como formas de enfrentamento das dificuldades relacionadas ao contexto escolar
Materials Sealing Preventing Biofilm Formation in Implant/Abutment Joints: Which Is the Most Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: de Sousa Cecília Alves , Taborda Maria Beatriz Bello , Momesso Gustavo Antônio Correa , Rocha Eduardo Passos , dos Santos Paulo Henrique , Santiago-Júnior Joel Ferreira , Assunção Wirley Gonçalves
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature available for materials exhibiting the best efficacy in preventing biofilm formation in the interior of implants. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. This review is registered with the PROSPERO database and followed the suitability of the PRISMA protocol. The initial search resulted in 326 articles from the databases. After they were read, 8 articles remained, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Six of these 8 articles were classified as in vitro and 2 were classified as in situ. The regions of the implants evaluated ranged from the interface of the pieces to the occlusal upper access of the abutment. The implant connections evaluated the Morse taper, external connection, and internal connection. Meta-analysis of the quantitative data was performed at a significance level of .05. Cotton exhibited poor control of infiltration, even in combination with other materials. Isolated gutta-percha (GP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape with composite resin (CR) or GP performed better as physical barriers. The best results for chemical barriers were observed by the application of 1% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) gel, thymol varnish, and the deposition of Ag films onto the surface. The applied meta-analysis did not show a significant difference in comparison between the different types of implant connections (P > .05). The application of CG and thymol varnish antimicrobials was effective in preventing biofilm formation and easy clinical execution; these could be used in combination with CR, GP, and PTFE.
Effects of Ultraviolet Photoactivation on Osseointegration of Commercial Pure Titanium Dental Implant After 8 Weeks in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Sanchez-Perez Arturo , Cachazo-Jiménez Carlos , Sánchez-Matás Carmen , Martín-de-Llano José Javier , Davis Scott , Carda-Batalla Carmen
Published: January 2020

This study investigated whether a 6-Watt ultraviolet C-lamp was capable of producing photofunctionalization on commercial implants during a medium observation term of 8 weeks. A total of 20 implants were inserted in 5 New Zealand rabbits, with each animal receiving 2 implants per tibia (one photofunctionalized and one untreated), according to a previously established randomization sequence. All implants were inserted by a single surgeon following the manufacturer's instructions. Histological analysis was performed by an evaluator who was blinded to the treatment condition. After 8 weeks of healing, the 2 groups showed no statistically significant differences in terms of bone-to-implant contact. Compared to control implants, the photofunctionalized implants showed improved wettability and more homogenous results. Within the limits of the present study, the use of this 6-W ultraviolet C-lamp, for an irradiation time of 15 minutes at a distance of 15 cm, did not improve the percentages of bone-to-implant contact in rabbits at an osseointegration time of 8 weeks.
Difference and Educational Justice: Reforming the Special Education System for Equitable Educational Supports
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Hur Suhng-June
Published: January 2020

The purposes of this study were to investigate the current schooling system in relation to dealing with the diversity of students and to suggest an educational justice system that could be substituted for the term ‘special education’. To achieve these purposes, the study 1)analyzed the mechanism of discrimination that arises based on the differences of students and investigated how unjust phenomena were caused by the existing system, 2) analyzed the realities of educational injustice during dealing with the students’ differences and investigated educational justice that recognized such differences, and 3) suggested a way to reform the special education system to realize educational justice that is equitable for all students. Considering the students’ various differences, it is possible for students to participate in the process of education meaningfully by the pedagogy of difference. The pedagogy of difference is an educational system that can strengthen every student’s capability, while considering the differences of students justly. Educational justice can be realized by providing individualized supports to students, and applied by the pedagogy of difference. The individualized support is the system that provides educational supports suitable to the unique needs of the students. The special education system should be changed to an individualized support system to expand its boundary and to help realize educational justice.
Development and Validation of Quality of Life Scale for Korean Adults with Developmental Disabilities(QLS-KADD
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Park Seung Hee , Hong Ju Hee , Jeong Jee Hee , Lee Seong Ah , Lee Young Ju
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a quality of life scale for adults with developmental disabilities (DD) in Korea and to test its validity and reliability. Based on the literature review, 65 initial items from 8 domains of quality of life for adults with DD were chosen and reviewed by the researchers. Consequently, 50 items from 8 domains were selected. As to these 50 items, the validity was checked by 12 disability-related professionals, including special education professors, social workers, vocational rehabilitation specialists, and 3 parents. Then, 45 items on the quality of life for adults with DD were identified. The response data of the total of 407 participants were drawn from 5 different geographical sections of Korea, and were used for testing the validity and reliability of 45 items of quality of life for Korean adults with DD. The exploratory factor analysis generated 4 factors and 32 items; the factors were labeled as “personal competency”, “secure environment”, “supports for social participation”, and “physical well-being”. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 4-factor model’s goodness of fit was moderate according to the traditional criterion. However, the reliability of the scale was very high, 0.970. This measurement instrument was labeled, “Quality of Life Scale for Korean Adults with Developmental Disabilities” (QLS-KADD). Since there are not many highly valid and reliable scales to measure the quality of life for adults with DD, QLS-KADD can be usefully applied to measure the quality of life of adults with DD in Korea.
Exploring the development of community-centered experiential learning programs and their applicability to improve community adaptation skills of children with intellectual disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Jung Daeyoung , Oh Taeyun
Published: January 2020

This study developed a community-oriented experience learning program to improve community adaptation skills for children with intellectual disabilities. To develop the program, we conducted a survey of 50 special education teachers to analyze their needs and conditions. Through analyzing related research literature and curriculum, we organized community-oriented integrated education courses. Based on this, set up teaching and learning steps, to implement community experience learning and future-oriented social study. In addition, by developing teaching and learning materials that combine the five elements of storytelling (S), mixing reality (M), application (A), RobotCoding (R), and peer-to-peer learning (T) for each stage of teaching, the program developed pre-experience activities, field activities and post-experience activities centered on the local community. In order to explore the applicability of this community-oriented experience learning program, five special teachers in elementary schools and their six students in special classes of the teachers who participated in the assessment were evaluated. The program’s response test results showed 4.55 points for special teachers and 4.57 points for students with intellectual disabilities. For the purpose of improving community adaptation skills for children with intellectual disabilities, the study found that the experience learning program which was developed by this study is highly likely to be applied to the field of special education.
The Comprehension of Indirect Speech Acts in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Lee Soyeon , Park HyunJu
Published: January 2020

The skill of comprehending indirect speech acts, which requires understanding the communicative intentions of others through the context and reasoning, is one of the abilities that are particularly important in school-age children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the comprehension characteristics of indirect speech acts of school-age ADHD children who had difficulty in pragmatic skills. To this end, 15 children with ADHD and 15 children with typical development in grades 1-3 were selected. Participants in both groups had a similar chronological age, nonverbal IQ, and receptive and expressive vocabulary scores. They conducted the tasks of comprehending indirect speech acts in three conditions. The authors analyzed the participants’ scores according to the cue types (sentences, pictures, and sentences and pictures), sentence types(statements and questions) and the errors. All data used in the study was analyzed using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program. In order to perform a comparative analysis of the results, two-way mixed ANOVA and three-way mixed ANOVA were done. The results of the study were as follows. First, children with ADHD showed significantly lower scores for indirect speech act tasks than children with typical development. Second, both ADHD and typical developing children had similar performance patterns for the task of understanding indirect speech acts. In other words, children in both groups showed the highest scores in the “sentences and pictures” condition and lowest in the “pictures” condition. In the sentence type, the score in the statements was lower than in the questions. Third, regardless of the type of cue, both groups had higher errors in the examples of literal interpretation than the examples of weak relevance. Based on the results of this study, the importance of cue presentation for ADHD children was discussed.
Shrinkage behaviour of a compacted lime-treated clay
Authors: Wang Y. , Cui Y.-J. , Tang A. M. , Benahmed N. , Duc M. , Sun W. J.
Published: January 2020

Shrinkage of expansive soils may cause serious problems to geotechnical and geo-environmental structures. In this study, the shrinkage behaviour of compacted clay treated with 4% lime was investigated. The samples of compacted clay without lime treatment were also tested for comparison. Besides, changes in the microstructure were analysed by mercury intrusion porosimetry tests on both treated and untreated samples. The results showed that the shrinkage curve of untreated sample is close and almost parallel to the saturation line, prior to approaching the compacted shrinkage limit (shrinkage limit for compacted soils). By contrast, the shrinkage curve of lime-treated soil is located leftwards and exhibits a higher compacted shrinkage limit, evidencing a clear microstructure effect. Further analysis showed that large aggregates with large pores are formed by lime treatment and these large pores play an important role in the shrinkage behaviour of soils. In addition, the curing time effect seems to be insignificant on the shrinkage behaviour of lime-treated soil.
Undrained capacity of circular foundations under combined horizontal and torsional loads
Authors: He P. , Newson T.
Published: January 2020

Torsional loads can be significant on the shallow foundations of large onshore and offshore structures. However, the effect of torsional loads in isolation and in combination with other load directions has not been well studied. In this paper, a failure envelope for combined horizontal (H) and torsional load (T) for circular surface foundations on soils under undrained conditions has been derived using the upper-bound plasticity method. In addition, this solution is compared with finite-element model results and theoretical solutions for the uniaxial capacity for H and T. The H–T failure envelope obtained from a conventional design standard method (i.e. DNVGL-ST-0126) is also compared with the upper-bound solution. The upper-bound solution is in excellent agreement with the finite-element results, and the codified H–T failure envelope appears to be conservative compared with the other methods. This approach can help validate finite-element results and aid the assessment of the ultimate capacity of shallow circular foundations under combined horizontal and torsional loading.
Simulation and prediction of discharge coefficient of combined weir–gate structure
Authors: Aein Nima , Najarchi Mohsen , Mirhosseini Hezaveh Seyyed Mohammad , Najafizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Zeighami Ehsanollah
Published: January 2020

Combined weir–gate structures are important structures for controlling the water level, measuring discharge and avoiding sediment deposition behind a weir. They can be used, for example, in irrigation channels and waste water systems. Using three-dimensional numerical software (Flow-3D) and experimental data from the literature, four combined systems of a triangular weir and a rectangular gate with different geometries were simulated. Dimensional analyses were then performed to determine the dimensionless parameters that affect the discharge coefficient of such structures. Four different intelligent system models were used to estimate the discharge coefficient and their results were compared. It was found that Flow-3D is highly capable of simulating the flow over a combined structure. Goodness of fit criteria also showed that the numerical solver estimated the water head and discharge coefficient very well. The results of all the models showed that the discharge coefficient had an inverse relation with the dimensionless parameters h/b, h/d and h/y (h being the water head over the weir, b the gate width, d the gate height and y the distance between the bottom of the weir and above the gate); the discharge coefficients were 0·3–0·9. Accuracy analyses of six intelligent system models showed that the multi-layer perceptron model was the superior model, followed by the M5P model, the regression equation, the radial basis function and the generalised regression neural network model.
The Power of Narratives in Economic Forecasts
Authors: Sharpe Steven A. , Sinha Nitish R. , Hollrah Christopher A.
Published: January 2020

We apply textual analysis tools to the narratives that accompany Federal Reserve Board economic forecasts to measure the degree of optimism versus pessimism expressed in those narratives. Text sentiment is strongly correlated with the accompanying economic point forecasts, positively for GDP forecasts and negatively for unemployment and inflation forecasts. Moreover, our sentiment measure predicts errors in FRB and private forecasts for GDP growth and unemployment up to four quarters out. Furthermore, stronger sentiment predicts tighter than expected monetary policy and higher future stock returns. Quantile regressions indicate that most of sentiment’s forecasting power arises from signaling downside risks to the economy and stock prices.
Monetary Policy and Birth Rates: The Effect of Mortgage Rate Pass-Through on Fertility
Authors: Cumming Fergus , Dettling Lisa
Published: January 2020

This paper examines whether monetary policy pass-through to mortgage interest rates affects household fertility decisions. Using administrative data on mortgages and births in the UK, our empirical strategy exploits variation in the timing of when families were eligible for a rate adjustment, coupled with the large reductions in the monetary policy rate that occurred during the Great Recession. We estimate that each 1 percentage point drop in the policy rate increased birth rates by 2 percent. In aggregate, this pass-through of accommodative monetary policy to mortgage rates was sufficiently large to outweigh the headwinds of the Great Recession and prevent a “baby bust” in the UK, in contrast to the US. Our results provide new evidence on the nature of monetary policy transmission to households and suggest a new mechanism via which mortgage contract structures can affect both aggregate demand and supply.
Qualitative Exploration of Trauma Experience and Posttraumatic Support of Community Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Kim Su-Young , Kim Hee-Jung
Published: January 2020

Background: The study purpose was to describe experience of violence and trauma, needs for support of community mental health professionals (CMHP). Methods: This study had a qualitative descriptive design and qualitative content analysis was used. For data collection, focus group interviews were carried out with 18 CMHP in 3 groups. Results: Data analysis has been extracted in to 5 domains (safety, stress, coping, support, protection), 9 categories (primary trauma, secondary trauma, negative emotion, burnout, workload, ineffective response, trust and understanding, foundation for protection and empowerment) and 14 subcategories. Conclusions: From the findings, we could know it more clearly that the community mental health field is relatively high in the risk of violence, suicide case and death of the subjects. However, the pre- post-response measures for the protection of CMHP who has been violently traumatized were very insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare psychological emotional support system along with preventive and post-response measures for safety at the individual and institutional level. At the same time, it is important to create a supportive environment at the peer and organizational level. As a results we proposed that rapid preparation of the materialization of emotional support system for CMHP, mandatory application of two-person-one intervention principle, preparation of guidelines for emergency response, improvement of physical environment for safety, improvement of understanding on mental health work of institutional officials and also supervision ability of mental health senior staffs, strengthening education and supervision system for enhancement CMHP’s capacity are necessary.
The Mediating Effect of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategy on the Relationship between Emotion Malleability Beliefs and Depression, Anxiety in Individual with Generalized Anxiety Tendency
Authors: Kim Hyeong Taek , Hyun Myoung-Ho
Published: January 2020

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategy on the relationship between emotion malleability beliefs and depression, and between emotion malleability beliefs and anxiety in Individuals with GAD (Generalized anxiety disorder) symptoms. Methods: The 103 individuals with GAD symptoms respond to the questionnaires measuring emotion malleability beliefs, cognitive emotion regulation strategy, depression, anxiety. Results: Data from this study show that maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy mediates the effect of emotion malleability beliefs on depression and anxiety. Adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy has no mediating effect on them. Conclusions: These results suggest that making the individuals with GAD have emotion malleability beliefs or educating them on emotion regulation strategy may not be enough. Therefore, practical intervention is needed in the overall emotion regulation. Finally, this paper includes implications, limitations, and suggestions for the future study.
Forgiveness as a Mediator of the Revictimization between Childhood Trauma and Adulthood Dating Violence Victimization
Authors: Seo Myo-Gyeong , Hyun Myoung-Ho
Published: January 2020

Background: Childhood trauma is frequently associated with dating violence or intimate partner violence victimization in adulthood. To investigated the role of forgiveness on revictimization in close relationship, We tested the mediating effects with the three components of dispositional forgiveness-self, other, situation on the relationship between childhood trauma and adulthood dating violence victimization. Methods: We measured childhood trauma experience (CTQ), dating violence victimization in adulthood (CTS-Ⅱ), and self, other, situation forgiveness (HFS), among unmarried women in their 20~30s who have been dating at least once. Results: The results showed that self-forgiveness partially mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and adulthood dating violence victimization. However, there was no significant mediating effect of other and situation forgiveness. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the experience of childhood trauma can lower the level of self-forgiveness, and then increase the risk of dating violence victimization in adulthood. So, the interventions to facilitate self-forgiveness can help overcome interpersonal trauma and prevent revictimization in close relationships. Finally, the implications and limitations were discussed with suggestions for further research.
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for Small and Medium Sized Hospital Nurses
Authors: Bea Han Ju , Eun Young
Published: January 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on Stress response, self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and burnout among nurses. Methods: The study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design, with 34 participants (experimental group: 17, control group: 17). The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program for Small and Medium Sized Hospital Nurses for this study was conducted in pre-class, in-class, and post-class stages for a total of 8 weeks Data were analyzed with an independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvement in stress response (F=3.37, p=.041), burnout (F=3.38, p=.040), emotional intelligence (F=5.10, p=.009) and self-efficacy (F=3.51, p=.049). Conclusions: The results of this study show that MBSR program is an effective stress management method for small and medium Sized Hospital Nurses. Therefore, the MBSR program is recommended to nurses and health care providers for stress management.