bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-recovery experience among COVID-19 patients: A population-based online survey in India
Authors: Joseph Nitin , Rajgopal Prithvi , Chaudhary Paras , Ananya  , Jain Shreya , Yadav Harish , Kulkarni Prajwal
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Patients who recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19 experience several post-COVID-19 health and social problems. This study was therefore done to explore the living experiences and the various health problems experienced by people and their determinants during the post-recovery phase of COVID-19.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Mangalore in March 2022. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire designed as a Google Doc. Post-COVID-19 conditions were defined as adverse health consequences returning, new, or persistent beyond 1 month after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The experiences in the post-recovery phase of COVID-19 were assessed based on a scoring system for the related items in the questionnaire.
Results: Out of 235 participants, 204 (86.8%) reported post-COVID-19 health problems between 1 and 6 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The majority of them reported fatigue [114 (55.9%)]. Self-perceived health status and social relationships were significantly poorer among participants in the post-COVID-19 phase than before infection. In the multivariable analysis, unmarried/divorced/widow status, staying within city limits, and history of being admitted to the hospital due to various COVID-19-related emergencies were independently associated with the presence of post-COVID-19 conditions among the participants. The living experience in the post-recovery phase was positive only among 22 (9.4%) participants and was found to be significantly associated with the severe status of COVID-19 at the time of disease presentation.
Conclusions: Post-COVID-19 health problems were present among several participants. Those identified to be at risk of developing these conditions need to be periodically screened and managed with a multi-disciplinary care and rehabilitation program. There is also a need to address social problems and encourage positive living experiences among COVID-19 patients during the post-recovery phase of the disease.
Evaluation of the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic Hepatitis C patients receiving antiviral treatment
Authors: Sargsyan Sona , Magdesieva Hripsime , Navoyan Tsoghik , Mkhitaryan Aregnaz , Atoyan Lusine , Sargsyan Violeta , Harutyunyan Hayk , Azatyan Vahe , Minasyan Armine , Gyulazyan Naira
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Chronic HC leads to the development of liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The treatment of chronic HC with DAAs reduces mortality from LC and HCC. The study aimed to investigate the serological markers specific to HCC (PIVKA-II and AFP) in patients with chronic HC before and after DAA treatment.
Methodology: The study involved 35 HCV patients (mean age: 56.23 ± 1.45) divided into two groups. Group 1 included 15 HCV + HCC patients and Group 2 included 20 HCV non-HCC patients.
Results: At the end of treatment all the patients were HCV RNA negative. Three months after the end of antiviral treatment, HCV RNA was undetectable in all patients, while a complete biochemical and virological response was observed in 66.7% of HCV + HCC patients and 85.0% of HCV non-HCC patients. PIVKA-II levels before the initiation of antiviral treatment were high in all patients. At the end of the treatment, in the HCV non-HCC group, normalization of PIVKA-II levels was observed only in 20.0% cases, and in 60.0% of cases 3 months after the treatment. Meanwhile, in patients with HCC and chronic HCV, PIVKA-II levels were within the normal range 3 months after treatment in only 13.3% of patients.
Conclusions: It is necessary to monitor HCV patients with cirrhosis (F4) and severe fibrosis (F3) without HCC, who have high PIVKA-II and AFP levels and/or ALT activity despite obtaining sustained virologic response 3 months after treatment with DAAs.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Associated Factors among Cancer Patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Nadew Surafel , Seyoum Wendimagegn Zeru , Bizuneh Tinsae , Bogale Netsanet , Fenta Feleke Sefineh , Mulu Yayeh Berihun , Birhanu Worku Atsede , Mulugeta Kassaw Genanew , Awoke Mulat , Nigatu Amare , Tesfa Natnael Amare
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health concern and has a high degree of associated morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, Hepatitis B virus infection has a variable seroprevalence among different regions with an estimated overall prevalence of around 6%. However, there is a scarcity of data specific to cancer patients.
Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 cancer patients who came for follow-up at the oncology unit of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1/2020 to October 11/2021. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select the participants. Data was collected using structured and interviewer-administered questionnaires and blood samples were drawn from the patients to test hepatitis B virus sero-status. Data was entered to Epi- Data version 4.6 then exported and analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study participants. Finally, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify significantly associated factors.
Results: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among cancer patients was 7.6% [95% CI: (4.54 - 9.79)]. Having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 6.24, 95% CI (3.35-16.80)), a history of dental procedures (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI (1.007‑7.66)), and being a hepatocellular carcinoma patient (AOR = 6.13; 95% CI (3.66-18.77)) were factors associated with seropositive status for Hepatitis B virus.
Conclusions: The seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among cancer patients was high. It is better to consider HBV screening in cancer patients and doing cancer surveillance in HBV-infected patients.
First report of solitary cavitation nodules in the lungs with Mycobacterium canariasense
Authors: Liu Jing , Wu Meiying , Zhang Jianping , Shi Cuilin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Mycobacterium canariasense is a relatively rare and rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infection.
Case report: This case report describes a 36-year-old man with a Canariasense infection in the lung with solitary cavitation nodules located subpleural on CT scan, for which the final diagnosis was made by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF-mNGS). It was successfully treated with levofloxacin and amikacin.
Conclusions: This experience is instructive because clinical diagnostic and CT imaging characteristics and treatment strategy guidelines for pulmonary infections caused by M. canariasense have not yet been established.
Identification of CXCL9 chemokine as a potential biomarker for assessing clinical severity in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ibadullaeva Nargiz , Khikmatullaeva Aziza , Mirzaev Ulugbek , Kan Nataliya , Bobkova Marina , Musabaev Erkin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The severity and clinical outcome of COVID-19 depend on virus-specific factors and the host's inflammatory response. Identifying biomarkers of severe COVID-19 is a crucial condition and predicts disease severity.
Methodology: This study enrolled a total of 167 patients with COVID-19. These patients were categorized into three groups based on the severity of the disease: moderate course - 78 individuals, severe course - 52 individuals, and extremely severe course - 37 individuals. We analyzed chemokines (IP-10, CXCL9, CCL17) and cytokine IL28B levels using the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method.
Results: CXCL9 levels were increased in severe and extremely severe cases compared to moderate ones. The CCL17 chemokine demonstrated significant elevation in severe cases. However, there was no significant difference in the level of IP-10, and IL28B in the compared groups.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CXCL9 and CCL17 chemokines could be used as biomarkers to assess the clinical status of patients with COVID-19 and can relate to disease severity. These biomarkers could aid in identifying patients at high risk for severe disease and help guide clinical decision-making for the effective management of COVID-19.
Molnupiravir's real-world effectiveness in COVID-19 outpatients at high risk of severe disease: a single-center study
Authors: Gmizic Ivana I , Barac Aleksandra , Todorovic Nevena , Sabanovic Milos , Kekic Natalija , Boskovic Nikola , Vujovic Ankica , Nikolic Natasa , Knezevic Natasa , Milosevic Ivana , Stevanovic Goran
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in March 2020. Since then, there has been an urgent need for effective therapeutic methods to manage the disease. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of molnupiravir in reducing the need for hospitalization in at-risk, non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methodology: This was a single-center, non-randomized, observational retrospective study of non-hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19, treated at the Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Center in Belgrade, Serbia.
Results: The study was conducted between 15 December 2021 and 15 February 2022 and included 320 patients. Of these, 165 (51.6%) received treatment with molnupiravir. The study and control groups were similar in gender and age distribution. The study group had a higher proportion of vaccination (75.2% vs. 51%, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in presence of comorbidity within the groups. Majority of the patients who received molnupiravir did not require hospitalization; and this was statistically significant in comparison to control group (92.7 vs. 24.5%, p < 0.001). Oxygen supplementation was less frequently required in the study group compared to the control group (0.6% vs. 31%, p < 0.001). During the follow-up period of 12.12 ± 3.5 days, significantly less patients from the study group were admitted to the intensive care unit (p < 0.001). Molnupiravir significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization by 97.9% (HR 0.021; 95% CI 0.005-0.089; p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Molnupiravir is an effective therapy in preventing the development of severe forms of COVID-19 and hospitalization.
Camera-trapping: wild and domestic species occurrences in three Pyrenean pastures
Authors: Culos Manon , Ouvrier Alice , Lerigoleur Emilie , Bitsch Sarah , Dewost Marie , Guédon Anaïs , Guignet Jonas , Le Guével Agathe , Metz Aymeric , Vilbert Oscar , Vinette Coline , Vimal Ruppert
Published: June 2024

The co-existence between brown bears (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758) and farmers in the Pyrenees has been a major concern for several decades. The bear's depredation on livestock has multiple implications for traditional practices of extensive grazing and calls for a better understanding of the various ways in which humans and non-humans interact across different territories. The present dataset stems from "The Pastoralism and Bears in the Pyrenees" research project led by the GEODE laboratory (UMR 5602 CNRS-UT2J) in partnership with the Association Dissonances. Focusing on three summer pastures as places of encounter, this project proposes to explore the definition of co-existence, based on context-dependent and constantly evolving relationships between bears and pastoralists. As part of an interdisciplinary approach combining animal geography and ecology, the spatio-temporal activity of the different species was explored using a network of 118 camera traps.

The 118 camera traps were installed on the three summer pastures while livestock was present in the mountains between May and October, from 2021 to 2023 and were set in a 400 m ✕ 400 m grid covering a total area of around 2,000 ha. The present dataset contains 57,928 occurrences of 22 taxon categories, including 19 identified species, two family categories (equids and mustelids) and one class category (birds). As pastoral activity is significantly present in these areas, livestock (sheep (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758), equids, cows (Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758) and goats (Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758)) account for 16,207 occurrences across the three pastures. The three main wild species captured over the three years and three pastures were the red deer (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758; 9,517 occurrences), red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758; 9,400 occurrences) and wild boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758; 4,016 occurrences).

Data are aggregated at the grid scale. Nonetheless, the exact locations of each camera trap as well as the photos can be requested from us.
Molecular, morphological, and morphometric evidence reveal a new, critically endangered rattlepod (Crotalaria, Fabaceae/Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) from tropical China
Authors: Rather Shabir A. , Radbouchoom Sirilak , Wang Kaikai , Xiao Yunxue , Liu Hongmei , Schneider Harald
Published: June 2024

Here, we describe a new species of Crotalaria L. discovered in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China. The new species, Crotalaria menglaensis S.A.Rather, was confirmed by identifying diagnostic morphological characteristics, performing principal component analyses of phenotypic traits, and phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ITS and plastid matK sequences. Phylogenetic analyses recovered the two accessions of the new species to be sister to C. bracteata Roxb. ex DC. In turn, these two species formed the sister clade to the two accessions of C. incana L. The morphometric analyses revealed that all three species were distinct, while the analyses of distinctive characters enabled unambiguous distinction of the new species by its growth habit, leaflets, flower structure and pod morphology. In contrast to the two related species, the new species is currently known only from ca. 100 mature individuals. Thus, this species is considered to be critically endangered.
Analyticity estimates for the 3D magnetohydrodynamic equations
Authors: Liu Wenjuan , Peng Jialing
Published: June 2024

This paper was concerned with the Cauchy problem of the 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system. We first proved that this system was local well-posed with initial data in the Besov space $ \dot{B}^{s}_{p, q}(\mathbb{R}^{3}) $, in the critical Besov space $ \dot{B}^{-1+\frac{3}{p}}_{p, q}(\mathbb{R}^{3}) $, and in $ L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{3}) $ with $ p\in]3, 6[ $, respectively. We also obtained a new growth rate estimates for the analyticity radius.
Environmental Drivers and Fitness Consequences of Partial Migration under Climate Change
Authors: Morrison Megan , Cohen Jeremy M. , Gurarie Eliezer , Van Deelen Timothy R.
Published: June 2024

Animals migrate to access seasonally variable resources or to escape unfavorable local conditions. Partial (flexible) migration strategies offer animals a fitness trade-off in which individuals may choose whether to incur the energetic costs of migration depending on the potential benefits associated with avoiding adverse conditions. Partial migration patterns may shift because of anthropogenic land use and climate change, possibly reducing the benefits of migration and resulting in unpredictable migration cues. We examined causes, consequences, and changes in individual-level partial migration of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus by analyzing archival telemetry data (1986–2014) across four distinct populations in the Great Lakes region, North America. We hypothesized that if the costs of migration outweigh benefits, we would see migratory behavior decline. Migratory behavior declined from 75% in 1987 to 11% in 2014 independent of population identity. Annual mortality was higher for migratory white-tailed deer, whereas increasing minimum temperatures positively impacted survival but did not influence migration. Our results suggest that migratory behavior in white-tailed deer is declining over time and may be associated with declining winter severity. The loss of migratory behavior in large mammals may have ecosystem-level impacts and our study emphasizes the need to better understand and conserve these migratory traditions.
Relação entre as características dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis e a percepção sobre o nexo alimento, energia e água
Authors: Cittadin Andréia , Silva da Rosa Fabricia
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a relação das características dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis no modo de perceber os elementos FEW nexus.Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa e pesquisa de levantamento com estudantes de graduação em Ciências Contábeis do sul de Santa Catarina (SC). Foi aplicado questionário com 38 questões, o qual foi encaminhado a 418 estudantes e obteve-se 107 respostas. Para análise dos dados efetuou-se análise de correlação e fatorial exploratória, com uso do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).Originalidade: A abordagem food, energy and water nexus (FEW nexus) surgiu para melhorar a compreensão das interações entre os recursos alimentares, energéticos e hídricos, que são interconectados e interdependentes, no intuito de gerenciá-los de maneira integrada. Conhecer a percepção dos futuros tomadores de decisão frente ao conceito FEW nexus traz contribuições para a formação desses profissionais, no sentido de torna-los mais conscientes em relação a sustentabilidade ambiental.Resultados: Dentre as características analisadas a variável filho de agricultor apresentou correlação positiva com as variáveis alimento, energia e água. A variável ter cursado a disciplina Contabilidade, Meio Ambiente e Responsabilidade Social não influenciou de maneira significativa na percepção dos discentes em relação ao FEW nexus. O acúmulo de experiências, aprendizados anteriores, como por exemplo ter contato com a atividade rural, apresenta influência na percepção do FEW nexus.Contribuições: O estudo contribui para a literatura ao mostrar que a percepção dos estudantes sobre o FEW nexus é associada a oferta e demanda dos recursos alimentares, energéticos e hídricos, reforçando a necessidade de sistemas de governança locais integrados às demandas globais. Quanto à contribuição prática foi evidenciado que há oportunidade de contemplar a temática no percurso formativo dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis, tendo em vista que estes são agentes tomadores de decisão, no âmbito domiciliar e organizacional.
Diversidade de gênero, expertise do conselho de administração e a transparência da divulgação ambiental, social e de governança (esg): evidências do Brasil
Authors: Degenhart Larissa , Giordani Mikaéli da Silva , Piccinin Yvelise Giacomello , Grodt Jonas Adriel dos Santos , Zonatto Vinícius Costa da Silva
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da diversidade de gênero e expertise do conselho de administração na transparência da divulgação ambiental, social e governança (ESG).Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva, documental e quantitativa realizada a partir de regressão linear múltipla (com erros padrão robustos), com uma amostra de 56 empresas brasileiras, durante o período de 2016 a 2020.Originalidade/Relevância: A análise dos efeitos dos mecanismos de governança corporativa na divulgação ESG é incipiente no contexto nacional, principalmente no que tange a diversidade de gênero e expertise. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa fornece uma explicação aos resultados conflitantes encontrados na literatura, denotando em quais aspectos ESG as características dos conselhos contribuem para a sua implantação e divulgação.Resultados: A divulgação ESG melhora com a presença de mulheres no conselho. Contudo, quando os aspectos ESG foram analisados individualmente, os resultados evidenciaram que a diversidade de gênero no conselho contribui positivamente para as iniciativas sociais, não apresentando efeitos significativos nas pontuações ambientais e governança. Os efeitos da expertise dos membros do conselho na divulgação ESG não foram confirmados.Contribuições: Esta pesquisa contribui para os estudos sobre governança corporativa e ESG no Brasil, ao avançar a pesquisa sobre diversidade de gênero e expertise dos membros do conselho de administração (CA) e seus efeitos nas práticas ESG. Auxilia as empresas no entendimento do comportamento do CA que possuem a participação de diretoras diante das estratégias ESG e fornece novos insights sobre as relações propostas. Os achados são importantes para reguladores e formuladores de políticas quanto ao monitoramento da diversidade do conselho, pois CA com participação feminina influenciam para minimização dos impactos das atividades empresariais diante do meio ambiente e sociedade.
Properties Enhancement of Metal Additive Manufactured Part via Cold Deformation Process
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Baharuddin , Md-Azlin M.F.A. , Roslee M.A. , Vasuthaven A.G. , Wani Z.K.
Published: June 2024

Wire-arc additive manufacturing is a method of 3D printing metal using welding techniques. However, due to heat, the mechanical properties of the deposited material may be affected. Various methods have been proposed to mechanically improve the properties. In this study, cold deformation was introduced to enhance the properties. The effects of a few parameters, including welding speed, wire feed rate, heat input, thickness ratio, and types of material, were studied. Based on the result, the hardness, tensile, and wear properties of the manufactured part improved, while other properties, like impact toughness, had a lower value. Based on the preliminary result, cold deformation shows potential alternatives for part repair or reconstruction of worn or broken parts.
Optimization of Antibacterial properties of 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Wais Alaa Mohammed Hussein , Abid Ali Abdul Raheem , Jasim Ahlam Hamid , Majdi Hasan Sh.
Published: June 2024

In the present study, titanium dioxide (TiO2/Chitosan) nano-particles layer coatings were fabricated by electrophoretic deposition on 316 Austenitic Stainless steel substrate. Aims to enhance antibacterial properties by coating the surface with a bio ceramic (TiO2) nano-powders. TiO2, were made on 316 austenitic stainless steel substrate with an EPD (electrophoretic deposition) technique, charged particles suspended in ethanol at a concentration of 50 g/L, for each powder with ideal conditions of 20V and a deposition time of (2, 4 and 6 min). The surface tests of coated substrates, such as, micro-hardness, surface roughness and wettability antibacterial test were evaluated and compared to that of the uncoated substrates. The showed results the electrophoretic deposition is a favorable technique to make a bio coating on 316 Austenitic Stainless steel substrate with excellent properties and structure for applications biomedical. The results demonstrated that the coated sample under coating conditions (20V, 2min) which is close to the ratio found in living bone. the average micro-hardness of the TiO2 coated sample is 1483 HV compared with that of uncoated substrates is 460 HV. The results also of the wettability test showed that the contact angle of the deposited paint is 5.9 degrees, and this positive result is useful for biomedical applications and proved that the coating is hydrophilic.
The Impact of Board Governance on Financial Performance with the Mediating Effect of Capital Structure: Evidence from Non-Financial Listed Companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: De Costa M. T. N. , Ajward A. R.
Published: June 2024

The main objective of this research study is to empirically investigate the relationship between board governance mechanisms and firm financial performance with the mediating effect of capital structure. Additionally, this study aims to assess the degree of board governance, capital structure, and financial performance. The scope of the research is narrowed down to nonfinancial listed entities in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) from 2016-2018, and 100 companies were selected based on sector-wise stratified random sampling. Based on the results of the study, the degree of Board Governance is in line with the findings of the studies done by Sri-Lankan researchers in the recent past. It was also found that there is a significant positive correlation of board governance with ROE. However, no correlation was identified between Board Governance and ROA. Based on the regression analysis it was examined that there is no significant relationship between board governance and firm financial performance. Finally, the results of the Sobel-Goodman test conclude that a mediation effect of capital structure does not exist on the direct relationship between board governance and financial performance. This study will contribute to the extant literature by investigating the relationship between board governance, capital structure, and firm financial performance as empirical studies were silent about the mediating effect of Capital structure in the relationship between board governance and firm financial performance. The outcomes of this research would also offer assistance to corporate decision-makers and managers in establishing an optimal capital structure. On the other hand, this research study would assist the regulatory authorities in passing laws and developing institutional assistance to make board governance mechanisms work more efficiently in the country.
The Natal papers of 'John Ross', No. 7
Authors: Cubbin A.E.
Published: June 2024

No abstract available.
Grensverhoudinge in die Noordwestelike Transgariep: die lotgevalle van die Kora tot 1858
Authors: Van Aswegen H.J.
Published: June 2024

The Kora played an important role in the Transgariep (OFS) during the first half of the 19th century. By 1858, however, after the defeat of Goliat Yzerbek, these migrant cattle farmers disappeared from the scene. This article focuses on the fortunes of these people living between the Riet and Vaal Rivers. Organized in small chieftainships and in possession of fire-arms and horses, the Kora dominated the area with their constant raids, sometimes in military alliance with other groups. The Griqua settlements under Adam Kok and the infiltration of whites into this region however, restricted their movements and put pressure on Kora land. Eventually, they were displaced and dispersed by these more powerful communities
Dysregulated microRNAs in type 2 diabetes and breast cancer: Potential associated molecular mechanisms
Authors: Improta-Caria Alex Cleber , Ferrari Filipe , Gomes João Lucas Penteado , Villalta Paloma Brasilio , Soci Úrsula Paula Renó , Stein Ricardo , Oliveira Edilamar M
Published: June 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifaceted and heterogeneous syndrome associated with complications such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and notably, breast cancer (BC). The connection between T2D and BC is established through processes that involve insulin resistance, inflammation and other factors. Despite this comprehension the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms linking T2D to BC, especially through microRNAs (miRNAs), remain elusive. miRNAs are regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have the function of regulating target genes by modulating various signaling pathways and biological processes. However, the signaling pathways and biological processes regulated by miRNAs that are associated with T2D and BC have not yet been elucidated. This review aims to identify dysregulated miRNAs in both T2D and BC, exploring potential signaling pathways and biological processes that collectively contribute to the development of BC.
Therapeutic effects of Lingguizhugan decoction in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ming , Yuan Shi-Qing , Ning Ying , Nie Shi-Jia , Wang Xu-Qiong , Jia Hong-Yi , Zheng Xiu-Li
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Lingguizhugan (LGZG) decoction is a widely used classic Chinese medicine formula that was recently shown to improve high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance (IR) in animal studies.

AIM

To assess the therapeutic effect of LGZG decoction on HFD-induced IR and explore the potential underlying mechanism.

METHODS

To establish an IR rat model, a 12-wk HFD was administered, followed by a 4-wk treatment with LGZG. The determination of IR status was achieved through the use of biochemical tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. Using a targeted meta-bolomics platform to analyze changes in serum metabolites, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess the gene expression of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta 1 (S6K1).

RESULTS

In IR rats, LGZG decreased body weight and indices of hepatic steatosis. It effectively controlled blood glucose and food intake while protecting islet cells. Metabolite analysis revealed significant differences between the HFD and HFD-LGZG groups. LGZG intervention reduced branched-chain amino acid levels. Levels of IR-related metabolites such as tryptophan, alanine, taurine, and asparagine decreased significantly. IR may be linked to amino acids due to the contemporaneous increase in S6K1 expression, as shown by qRT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study strongly suggests that LGZG decoction reduces HFD-induced IR. LGZG may activate S6K1 via metabolic pathways. These findings lay the groundwork for the potential of LGZG as an IR treatment.
Growth hormone improves insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue after duodenal-jejunal bypass by regulating adiponectin secretion
Authors: Liu Zi-Tian , Yang Guang-Wei , Zhao Xiang , Dong Shuo-Hui , Jiao Yang , Ge Zheng , Yu Ao , Zhang Xi-Qiang , Xu Xin-Zhen , Cheng Zhi-Qiang , Zhang Xiang , Wang Ke-Xin
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The mechanism of improvement of type 2 diabetes after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery is not clear.

AIM

To study the morphological and functional changes in adipose tissue after DJB and explore the potential mechanisms contributing to postoperative insulin sensitivity improvement of adipose tissue in a diabetic male rat model.

METHODS

DJB and sham surgery was performed in a-high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. All adipose tissue was weighed and observed under microscope. Use inguinal fat to represent subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and mesangial fat to represent visceral adipose tissue. RNA-sequencing was utilized to evaluate gene expression alterations adipocytes. The hematoxylin and eosin staining, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to study the changes. Insulin resistance was evaluated by immunofluorescence.

RESULTS

After DJB, whole body blood glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue improved. Fat cell volume in both visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and SAT increased. Compared to SAT, VAT showed more significantly functional alterations after DJB and KEGG analysis indicated growth hormone (GH) pathway and downstream adiponectin secretion were involved in metabolic regulation. The circulating GH and adiponectin levels and GH receptor and adiponectin levels in VAT increased. Cytological experiment showed that GH stimulated adiponectin secretion and improve insulin sensitivity.

CONCLUSION

GH improves insulin resistance in VAT in male diabetic rats after receiving DJB, possibly by increasing adiponectin secretion.
Age-specific heterogeneity of genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular disease might have opposite outcomes depending on the presence of prediabetes
Authors: Lee Chaeyoung
Published: June 2024

Examining age-specific heterogeneity of susceptibility to cardiovascular disease is also essential in individuals without prediabetes to determine its relative size and direction compared to those with prediabetes. Of particular interest, age-specific heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility may exhibit opposite directions depending on the presence or absence of prediabetes.
Test Methods and Equipment for Lighting Devices for Use on Vehicles Less than 2032 mm in Overall Width
Authors:   Test Methods and Equipment Stds Committee
Published: June 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document provides standardized laboratory tests, test methods and equipment, and requirements for lighting devices covered by SAE Recommended Practices and Standards. It is intended for devices used on vehicles less than 2032 mm in width. Tests for vehicles larger than 2032 mm in overall width are covered in SAE J2139. Device specific tests and requirements can be found in applicable SAE technical reports.
Investigating Mathematical Knowledge of Teaching for Secondary Preservice Teachers in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Olowa Murray
Published: June 2024

This article examines the studies investigating the teacher’s mathematics knowledge  of teaching  by  secondary  preservice teachers  in Papua  New  Guinea. Previous  research  on Mathematics  Knowledge  for  Teaching  provided  support  for  the  study.  This  study  was conducted  in  recognition  of  the  ongoing  problems  with Papua  New  Guinea's  curriculum, particularly the  teaching  of  science  and  mathematics,  which  have  led  to  a  drop  in  students' performance  in  these  subjects.  Subject  Matter  Knowledge  (SMK)  and  Pedagogical  Content Knowledge  (PCK)  are  the  two  main  domains  that  have  been  identified.  These  domains  are further  subdivided  into  Knowledge  of  Content  and  Students  (KCS),  Knowledge  of  Content and Teaching (KCT), and Knowledge of Content and Curriculum (KCC), respectively. Other subdivided   areas   include   Common   Content   Knowledge   (CCK),   Specialized   Content Knowledge  (SCK),  and  Horizon  Content  Knowledge  (HCK).  To determine  the  relationship between  SMK  and  PCK,  research  questionnaires  were  utilized  as  instruments  that  could accommodate  the  various  areas  of  SMK  and  PCK. Given  that  the  P-value  is  0.22>0.05,  the study's  findings  indicate  a  marginally  significant  difference  in  SMK  between  years  one  and four.  However,  since  the  P-value  was  0.007<0.05,  it  was  discovered  that  year  fours  have higher  PCK  than  year  one.  Ultimately,  the  study  has  demonstrated  that  fourth  years  have higher   MKT   than   first   years.   The   diligent   work   of   final-yearpreservice   teachers   in mathematics  is  what  caused  this  difference.  It  is  advised  that  the  mathematics  curricula  in teacher  colleges  be  reviewed  following the  findings  and  expanded  to  include  material  on SMK  and  PCK. The  Secondary  Teachers  College  Program  Specification  Document  must include both what and how to teach mathematics.
What External Aspect of Motivation Has the Greatest Influence: Survey Research on Herzberg's Theory
Authors: Perdana Iwan , Ishak Rosnah binti , Mansor Mahaliza binti
Published: June 2024

Teacher motivation is a critical factor influencing educational quality and student outcomes. Previous research highlights that motivation can be significantly enhanced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This study focuses on the external aspects of motivation as proposed by Herzberg's theory, aiming to identify the most influential factors in boosting teacher motivation. The researchers selected a survey design for its efficacy in gathering data from a representative sample. A total of 335 private school teachers in South Kalimantan Province were surveyed, following the sample size determination method of Krejcie and Morgan to ensure precise representation. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 25. The study revealed that Company Policies had the highest mean score among various extrinsic motivation factors. This indicates that clear, fair, and supportive company policies are private school teachers' most significant external motivators. The findings are crucial for education stakeholders, as understanding the key elements influencing teacher motivation can help design better strategies to enhance teaching quality and motivation. This study is significant because it is able to identify and emphasize company policy as the primary external motivator. This provides valuable insights for policymakers and educational leaders in formulating effective strategies to boost teacher motivation and performance.
Digital Banking dalam Sudut Pandang Teori Strukturasi Anthony
Authors: Dewi Fauzy Shanty
Published: June 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana digital banking dalam sudut pandang Teori Strukturasi Anthony Giddens. Pengumpulan data diambil dari berbagai sumber melalui studi kepustakaan. Teori Strukturasi menyatakan bahwa struktur dan agensi adalah satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dan saling mempengaruhi. Pada digital banking, sistem dan aturan pada m-banking dipandang sebagai ‘struktur’ sedangkan nasabah pengguna aplikasi m-banking dipandang sebagai ‘agensi’ dimana antara struktur dan agensi menjadi satu kesatuan yang saling membutuhkan dan menghasilkan suatu proses sosial yang disebut dengan transaksi. Transaksi tidak akan terjadi apabila tidak ada sistem aplikasi  m-banking dan nasabah pengguna
Federalismo e Seletividade: limitação de alíquotas do ICMS e recomposição das perdas de arrecadação na LC 194/2022
Authors: Silva Hendrick Pinheiro da
Published: June 2024

Artigo que problematiza as relações entre a regulação da seletividade de alíquotas proposta pela LC 194/2022 e a recomposição das perdas de arrecadação sofridas pelos municípios no contexto do federalismo brasileiro. Toma por hipótese que a imposição de um limite para as alíquotas de ICMS para operações com energia elétrica, gás natural, combustíveis, telecomunicações e transporte coletivo seria uma norma geral para regular o princípio da seletividade e a recomposição pela perda da arrecadação uma reparação de danos decorrentes da quebra de previsibilidade decorrente da alteração do quadro normativo. Discute o alcance da seletividade no ICMS e o papel da Lei Complementar no primeiro tópico. Analisa a norma que estabelece o limite para as alíquotas de ICMS sobre operações específicas em face da autonomia dos entes federados no segundo tópico. No último tópico, escrutina o mecanismo de recomposição da arrecadação em face da quebra de expectativas decorrente da alteração da regulação sobre o tema. Conclui que o limite de alíquotas proposto pela lei complementar não representar uma ofensa à autonomia dos entes federados e que a reparação proposta deriva do reconhecimento de um dano emergente derivado da quebra de expectativas dos Estados pela atividade legislativa. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, realizada a partir da análise de textos legislativos nacionais, jurisprudência nacional com referência a julgado da Suprema Corte da República da Argentina.
Popular Lynching as a modality of Parastatal Justice
Authors: Rodrigues João Gaspar
Published: June 2024

The present study brings together reflections on the collective aggressiveness that results in modalities of parastatal justice, such as popular lynching. The phenomenon of collective aggressiveness has only recently been studied in order to identify the multiple forms acquired by intraspecific human violence, as well as the social, legal and institutional weaknesses under the broad context of the Democratic Rule of Law. Furthermore, it seeks to assess whether the State model is fulfilling its functions and whether there are points of erosion in the social environment.
METACERCARIAE OF TREMATODES IN THE SNAIL VIVIPARUS CONTECTUS (MILLET, 1813) FROM THE RYBINSK RESERVOIR
Authors: Zhokhov A. , Ageeva E. , Pugacheva M.
Published: June 2024

Examination of 102 snails of Viviparus contectus from Rybinsk Reservoir in July–August 2023 revealed the presence of trematodes metacercariae of three families: Echinostomatidae, Cyathocotylidae and Leucochloridiomorphidae. Neoacanthoparyphium echinatoides was the species with the highest prevalence and intensity of infection (98.5%, 41.7, 1–192), followed by the Linstowiella viviparae (86%, 17.2, 3–45). Unencysted metacercariae Leucochloridiomorpha constantiae had a low prevalence and intensity of infection (13.7%, 0.51, 1–16). L. constantiae larvae parasitized only male snails. In contrast, the closely related species Leucochloridiomorpha lutea had high infestation rates (89.2%, 5.7, 1–20). L. lutea larvae equally infected of both the sexes of the snail. The sizes of cysts and metacercariae of all species are given. For metacercariae Neoacanthoparyphium echinatoides and Leucochloridiomorpha lutea, the infection intensity as a function of snail size was shown.
Menggali Potensi Pemimpin Masa Depan Melalui Pembelajaran PKn di SD
Authors: Utari Febi , Wulandari Noviana
Published: June 2024

Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) di sekolah dasar (SD) berperan penting dalam menemukan potensi pemimpin masa depan. Melalui pembelajaran PKn, mahasiswa didorong untuk memahami nilai-nilai kepemimpinan, keterampilan sosial dan tanggung jawab sebagai warga negara yang baik. Pembelajaran PKN yang efektif dapat memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan potensi kepemimpinannya melalui berbagai kegiatan seperti diskusi, simulasi, dan proyek komunitas. Guru PKn juga berperan sangat penting dalam mengidentifikasi dan membimbing siswa yang memiliki potensi kepemimpinan. Oleh karena itu, pembelajaran PKN di sekolah dasar dapat menjadi cara yang efektif untuk menemukan potensi pemimpin masa depan yang memiliki integritas, keberanian dan keterampilan untuk memimpin negara menuju masa depan yang lebih baik.
Análise estatística de uma célula combustível membrana trocadora de prótons
Authors: Bento Brum Fábio José , Cyrne Moreno Thiago José , Da Silva Assis Weslley Luiz
Published: June 2024

A crescente preocupação com os impactos ambientais e o esgotamento das fontes de combustíveis fósseis o uso da tecnologia de células de combustível surge como uma alternativa. Essa tecnologia, que opera com gases de hidrogênio e oxigênio para produzir água e energia, destaca-se por sua capacidade de gerar energia sem emitir poluentes durante o processo. Este estudo aprofunda-se no funcionamento de uma célula de combustível de membrana polimérica, realizando uma análise estatística da influência das pressões dos reagentes e da temperatura de operação nas concentrações de reagentes na interface eletrodo-membrana, potencial de Nernst, e nas curvas de polarização e potência da célula. Para alcançar isso, foi utilizado um modelo comercialmente disponível de célula de combustível, conhecido como Ballard Mark IV, operando dentro de intervalos de pressão de 1 a 3 atm e temperaturas variando de 60 a 90 °C. As concentrações de reagentes e o potencial de Nernst foram observados se aproximando de uma distribuição normal padronizada. Por outro lado, a voltagem de saída da célula, assim como a potência elétrica desenvolvida, mostraram desvio do comportamento normalizado na região de efeitos de concentração. Modelos de regressão apresentaram um alto coeficiente de determinação, conferindo confiabilidade à formulação matemática. Condições operacionais ideais foram encontradas considerando a maximização da voltagem da célula, densidade de corrente, potência e eficiência. Neste estudo, a região de melhor eficiência da célula foi alcançada dentro de intervalos de pressão e temperatura de 2,5 a 3 atm e 78 a 90 °C, respectivamente.
Sobre a experiência estética nas redes sociais
Authors: Paiva Barbara Ribeiro Malacarne , Martins Guilherme Wandermurem
Published: June 2024

Esta pesquisa aborda questões epistemológicas ligadas à experiência, em especial àquelas vinculadas à circulação da arte no contexto das mídias sociais. Baseados sobretudo nos estudos de Jorge Larrosa sobre o conceito de experiência, refletimos sobre as suas possíveis consequências na circulação de obras artísticas no território das mídias sociais. Como resultado, ressaltamos a dificuldade, ou mesmo a frequente impossibilidade, da realização de uma experiência estética no universo das redes sociais mais acessadas.
Desdobramento
Authors: Pedroni Fabiana
Published: June 2024

Este texto realizada uma defesa do princípio de desdobramento entre pesquisas teóricas e pesquisas poéticas como parte dos processos de construção de pertencimento. Nesse sentido, estabeleço relações entre ideias de Boaventura de Souza Santos, Ailton Krenak e Daniel Munduruku e o sentido de habitar heideggeriano. Inicialmente, narro processos teórico-poéticos que apontam para a necessidade construtiva, atrelada ao coditiano, e da criação de memórias como fundamental para habitar o mundo. A partir dessas experiências teórico-poéticas, aponto para a urgência do pertencimento como reação à crise permanente, sublinhada pelo caos climático e pela pandemia de COVID-19.
Haverá condomínios no espaço de dados?
Authors: Viola Bill
Published: June 2024

Pioneiro no campo da videoarte, Bill Viola é um artista seminal para a compreensão das questões relacionadas a esse meio, tanto em seu decurso histórico quanto em sua atualidade. Ao longo dos anos, ele buscou vincular as noções de media como médium, destacando que os canais de vídeo são também canais de transmissão de informações equivalentes as transduções energéticas das incorporações xamânicas. Em Haverá Condomínios no Espaço de Dados?, publicado inicialmente em 1982, Viola explora o passado e o futuro das questões relacionadas à memória, tanto mental quanto artificial, buscando compreender suas trajetórias e seu porvir. Com seu pensamento erudito e visão anacrônica, Viola faz referências a diversos autores, como Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, Tomás de Aquino, Giordano Bruno, Giulio Camilo, Jacobos Publicius, Nikola Tesla, etc. Ele também compartilha experiências pessoais, como sua vivência em monastérios budistas tibetanos e suas interações com os sábios monges de Ladakh que, dotados de uma mentalidade cíclica, desenvolvem sofisticadas mandalas de areia colorida. Além disto, relata uma experiência vivida em sua viagem ao Japão, em 1981, onde conheceu as itako, xamãs cegas providas de conhecimentos mediúnicos, capazes de acessar informações e dados aquém e além deste tempo, comunicando-se com os mortos. Viola pontua que, no período, essa experiência o fez rever suas concepções sobre as corporações e seus dispositivos, incluindo câmeras, televisores e fitas de vídeo de banda magnética que, até então, ele considerava estar muito à frente no desenvolvimento de tecnologias de comunicação. Em suma, para o autor, os avanços tecnológicos de armazenamento coletivo em espaço de dados eletrônico — analógico na época e atualmente digital — têm uma profunda relação com os saberes ancestrais, a memória humana, processos de pensamento e estruturas conceituais no cérebro.