bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAJOR REPAIRS AND REPLACEMENT OF SHUT-OFF VALVES ON HEAT AND GAS SUPPLY SYSTEMS AS PART OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION
Authors: Иващенко С.Ю. , Колосова Н.В.
Published: July 2024

В процессе эксплуатации запорной арматуры происходит снижение эффективности ее работы, а при выходе из строя поднимается вопрос капитального ремонта или же полной замены оборудования. Основной целью исследования является оценка возможности продления срока эксплуатации трубопроводной арматуры, а также замены или проведения капитального ремонта в условиях санкционного давления и действия программы импортозамещения. Рассмотрены основные варианты сохранения работы узлов трубопроводного транспорта. Проведена оценка реализации производства отечественных аналогов запорной арматуры в рамках импортозамещения. Определены основные направления импортозамещения в производстве трубопроводной арматуры на системах теплогазоснабжения, а также возможности ремонта и продления срока ее эксплуатации.

During the operation of the shut-off valves, the efficiency of its operation decreases, and in case of failure, the issue of major repairs or complete replacement of equipment is raised. The main purpose of the study is to extend the service life of pipeline fittings, as well as tode termine the possibility of replacement or major repairs under the sanctions pressure and the import substitution program. In this article we consider the main options for maintainingthe operation of pipeline transport nodes. We as well evaluated the implementation of the production of domestic analogues of shut-off valves in the context of import substitution. Also, we identified the main directions of import substitution in the production of pipeline fittings for heat and gas supply systems, as well as the possibility of repair and extension of itsьservice life.
ASSESSMENT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER IN AQUIFERS IN BELGOROD AND VORONEZH REGIONS
Authors: Баскакова А.Г. , Иванова Е.Ю.
Published: July 2024

Представлены результаты лабораторных исследований качества воды нецентрализованного водоснабжения Белгородской и Воронежской области. По результатам их оценки на основании гидрохимического и микробиологического мониторинга, а также анализа данных водного реестра, установлено несоблюдение гигиенических нормативов по санитарно-химическим и микробиологических показателям на территории двух областей примерно в половине исследуемых мест. Для Белгородской области: в 30 % проб превышены значения общего микробного числа, в 70 % проб превышено содержание колиморфных бактерий, в 50 % превышены значения общей токсичности. Для Воронежской области: в 75 % проб превышено значение коли-индекса, в 20 % проб превышены значения общего микробного числа. При этом основной причиной несоответствия источников централизованного водоснабжения санитарно-эпидемиологическим требованиям является отсутствие зон санитарной охраны. Выявленные факты загрязнения подземных водоносных горизонтов свидетельствуют о потенциальной опасности для населения регионов и необходимости совершенствования системы гидроэкологического мониторинга и охраны вод.

In the article we present the results of laboratory studies of water quality in non-centralized water supply in the Belgorod and Voronezh regions. On the basis of the results of their assessment (based on hydro-chemical and microbiological monitoring, as well as on the analysis of water register data), we established that in approximately half of the places there may be found non-compliance with hygienic standards for sanitary-chemical and microbiological indicators in the territory of two regions. In the Belgorod region the data is the following: 30 % of samples exceeded the values of the total microbial number, 70 % of the samples exceeded the content of colimorphic bacteria, 50 % exceeded the values of general toxicity. As for the Voronezh region, the data is the following: in 75 % of samples the values of the coli index were exceeded, in 20 % of the samples the values of the total microbial number were exceeded. At the same time, the main reason for the non-compliance of centralized water supply sources with sanitary and epidemiological requirements is the lack of sanitary protection zones. The revealed facts of contamination of underground aquifers indicate a potential danger for the population of the regions and the need to improve the system of hydroecological monitoring and water protection.
Subordination and the Fortuity of Our Circumstances
Authors: Campos Sergio
Published: July 2024

The antisubordination principle exists at the margins of equality law. This Article seeks to revive the antisubordination principle by taking a fresh look at its structure and underlying justification. First, the Article provides an account of the harm of subordination that focuses on one's position in society, rejecting the focus on groups popular in the existing antisubordination literature. Second, it argues for a theory of state obligation that goes beyond both the existing state action doctrine of the Equal Protection Clause and the failure to protect doctrine associated with Charles Black. The Article argues instead that the antisubordination principle mandates affirmative action due solely to the existence of subordination, regardless of its causes. Third, the affirmative action required by the antisubordination principle requires preferential treatment that burdens innocent persons. Rather than defend affirmative action on past discrimination or diversity grounds, the Article argues that these sacrifices are justified given the arbitrary nature, or fortuity, of the circumstances into which we are born. Unlike John Rawls and other philosophers who have recognized this fortuity, but have argued that it only implicates what persons are entitled to, the Article instead argues that this fortuity provides the basis for a solidarity with those born into subordinated positions. Because anyone could have occupied positions of subordination but for the accident of birth, we all have reason to make reasonable sacrifices to end subordination.
ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ШКОЛЬНОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: Цагараева Е.Ф. , Хамикоев А.А. , Умаева А.М.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается важность перемен в стереотипах пищевого поведения школьников для здорового образа жизни, роста и развития ребенка. Для этого возможно использовать инновационные технологии при производстве школьного питания и меры по улучшению питания школьников.
О НОВЫХ ФОРМУЛАХ ПО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ МАССЫ УГЛЕКИСЛОГО ГАЗА В СЛОЕ ВОЗДУХА
Authors: Хасанов И.И.
Published: July 2024

Цель работы: – познакомить читателей с несколькими разновидностями новых формул расчета массы углекислого газа в любом фиксированном объеме воздухе, при любой температуре, которые именуются - формулы Хасановых.
ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ ЭМОЦИЙ В КОММУНИКАЦИИ В РАЗНОСТРУКТУРНЫХ ЯЗЫКАХ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ФРАНЦУЗСКОЙ, РУССКОЙ И ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУР)
Authors: Аслаханова Д.А. , Дзейтова Х.Б.
Published: July 2024

В этой статье мы рассматриваем выражение эмоциональной экспрессии в разноструктурных языках. Исследования показывают, что в мультимодальных и динамических моделях экспрессивного поведения проявляется до 20 эмоций. Эмоциональный мир человека — это тонкий и сложный процесс, связанный с распознаванием эмоций и структурой восприятия эмоциональной экспрессии людьми.
НЕМЕЦКИЕ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМЫ С КОМПОНЕНТОМ-АНТРОПОНИМОМ
Authors: Доднаева Л.Р. , Арсаханова М.А.-Х.
Published: July 2024

В статье посвящена анализу немецких фразеологизмов, содержащих в своем составе компонент-антропоним, определению их характерных особенностей. Антропонимы являются неотъемлемой частью немецкого языка и несут в себе фоновые знания, которые связаны со страной, с историей, культурой.
ЗООГИГИЕНИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ НАВОЗА
Authors: Гакаева З.А. , Тарамова Л.В.
Published: July 2024

В современном обществе одной из наиболее значимых проблем является обращение с животноводческими отходами, особенно с навозом, создаваемым фермерским хозяйством. В свете растущего объема производимых отходов возрастает актуальность поиска эффективных и экологически безопасных методов их утилизации. Настоящее исследование фокусируется на ветеринарно-санитарной оценке современных методов переработки навоза, включая компостирование, биогазовые технологии и пиролиз. Эти подходы предоставляют возможности не только сокращения объемов отходов, но также превращения их в ценные продукты, такие как органические удобрения и источники энергии. Результаты исследования подчеркивают важность комплексного изучения методов переработки навоза для оценки их воздействия на микрофлору, риски популяризации патогенных организмов и вероятность загрязнения окружающей среды. Такой подход не только способствует защите здоровья животных и людей, но также способен создать существенные экономические и экологические выгоды в сфере сельского хозяйства.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЭКСПРЕСС-МЕТОДЫ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ АНТИБИОТИКОВ В МОЛОКЕ И СУБКЛИНИЧЕСКОГО МАСТИТА У КОРОВ
Authors: Абдулхажиева А.Ш. , Гудаева М.М.-Э.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются современные экспресс-методы для выявления антибиотиков и субклинического мастита у коров. Кенотест для диагностики субклинического мастита, экспресс-тест Garant 4 UltraMilk для определения 4 групп антибиотиков: β-лактамы, тетрациклины, хлорамфеникол, стрептомицин.
ФИТОСАНИТАРНЫЙ МОНИТОРИНГ СОСУЩИХ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Мурзина М.И.
Published: July 2024

Складывающиеся в период исследований метеорологические условия в различной степени влияют на развитие, распространение вредителей, задерживая и смещая сроки их появления в период вегетации, не исключая появления их в последующем. Вызывает затруднения определение даты применения химических средств защиты растений от вредителей и предполагает ведение постоянного фитосанитарного мониторинга за их появлением, развитием и распространением на исследуемых сортах в связи с конкретной метеообстановкой. В условиях Новочеркасского отделения опытного поля зарегистрировано два пика численности популяции виноградного трипса. Первый – весной, в мае, на молодых растущих побегах. Второй – в период цветения в июне в соцветиях. Начиная с периода цветения – ягода «рисунка», часть популяции мигрирует на другие многолетние растения, произрастающие в агроландшафте виноградника.
УЧЕТНО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ АГРАРНЫХ ВУЗОВ
Authors: Пчелкин С.Е.
Published: July 2024

В работе рассмотрены ресурсы, обеспечивающие деятельность аграрных вузов. Определены виды ресурсов: стандартные (научные, материальные, трудовые, информационные) и специализированные (технологические, земельные). Суть специализированных ресурсов обусловлена деятельностью аграрного вуза. Его отличие от других происходит из ориентированности на сферу АПК, включающую в себя производство, переработку и сельское хозяйство. Определена взаимосвязь между видами ресурсов, позволяющая ими управлять и корректировать. Учетно-аналитическая система внутри организации осуществляет правильную расстановку приоритетов, исходя из цели организации. Были перечислены виды аграрных вузов, от которых зависит их цель и способ работы учетно-аналитической системы. В основе системы идет информационный ресурс, который собирает данные из разных источников. Проблемой при сборе новой информации следует учитывать факт искажения и неточности (ненадежности) информации. Одним из вариантов решения были представлены показатели: сравнения и повторения.
ХИРОПТЕРОФИЛИЯ И ОРНИТОФИЛИЯ КАК ВИД ОПЫЛЕНИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ В АФРИКЕ
Authors: Фирсова И.М.
Published: July 2024

пыление – необходимое событие в жизни каждого растения. Представители фауны играют немаловажную роль в этом процессе, а также являются прекрасными распространителями семян. Например, птицы и мыши способствуют переносу пыльцы пирофитов, рукокрылые - опылению баобабов и других растений. У многих хироптерофильных растений раскрытие цветков происходит преимущественно ночью. К сожалению, некоторые опылители различных представителей флоры находятся под угрозой исчезновения из-за антропогенного воздействия. Соответственно, и растения находятся под той же угрозой, так как их половой процесс зависит от опылителей. В работе рассмотрены представители флоры Африки, опыление которых происходит с помощью птиц и рукокрылых, а также предложения по защите флоры и фауны данного региона.
QUYULARIN İSTİSMAR KƏMƏRİNDƏ BAŞ VERƏN GƏRGİNLİK DEFORMASİYA VƏZİYYƏTİNİN TƏYİNİ
Authors: Əhya Turabova , Pərvanə Nəcəfova Əhya Turabova , Pərvanə Nəcəfova
Published: July 2024

Yer səthinin üst qatlarının parametrlərinin gərginlikli deformasiya vəziyyətinin araşdırılması göstərilmişdir. Quyudan alınan nəticələrə əsasən gərginliklərin qiymətləndirilməsinin bəzi əsas üsulları ayrıca verilmiş həmçinin bu üsullardan istifadə etməklə qiymətləndirmə zamanı meydana gələn tətbiq sahələrinin analizi aparılmışdır.
Qazma prosesi zamanı meydana gələn gərginliklərin quyu lüləsi boyunca təsirindən dartılma zamanı yaranan çatlar haqqındakı alınan məlumatlar nəzərə alınaraq gərginliklərin təsirinə baxılmışdır.
Layın dərinliklərində aparılan hidravliki zərbələr nəticəsində yaranan gərginlik vəziyyətin parametrlərinin qiymətləndirilməsinin izahatı verilmişdir.
Quyu verilənlərinə görə gərginliklərin rekonstruksiyasının əsas xarakterik nəticəsi olaraq gərginliklərin profillərinin qurulmasıdır ki, bu da gərginlikli vəziyyətin müxtəlif parametrlərinin asılılıqları əsasında həyata keçirilir. Əsasən tez-tez konstruksiyaların nəticələri koordinat sistemində göstərilir və burada birinci ox ağırlıq qüvvəsinin təsirinin vektoru ilə eyni tərəfə yönəlir.
Açar sözlər: konik ötürmə, fırlanma tezliyi, şassi, rassional, dizayn, fırlanğıc, nasos-kompressor.
VİNTVARİ QUYUDİBİ MÜHƏRRİKLƏRİN KONSTRUKTİV PARAMETRLƏRİNİN ENERGETİK XARAKTERİSTİKALARINA TƏSİRİ
Authors: Əhya Turabova,  Kamal Qədirli Əhya Turabova,  Kamal Qədirli
Published: July 2024

Bu məqalədə vintvari quyudibi mühərriklərin əsas elementləri və onların hərəkət prinsipinə, bu mühərriklərin yaradılmasına təsir edən faktorlara baxılmışdır ki, «rotor-stator» cütü həcmi hidravlik maşınların işçi orqanlarının funksiyalarını yerinə yetirə bilər.
Həmçinin vintvari quyudibi mühərriklərin hidravliki itkisinə və energetik xarakteristikalarına təsir edən konstruktiv parametrlərə baxılmışdır. Fırlanma momenti ilə fırlanma tezliyi arasındakı asılılığı göstərən cədvəl verilmişdir.
Açar sözlər: rotor, stator, balta, moment, fırlanma tezliyi, işçi orqanlar, işçi kamera.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROD WELL PUMP UNIT'S KNOB KNOT
Authors: Tamila Khankishieva, Tural Gadimov Tamila Khankishieva, Tural Gadimov
Published: July 2024

This article explores the use of sealing rings in pump shafts for a longer-lasting and more reliable seal operation. Elastic, temperature, and plastic stresses resulting from temperature effects on the sealing rings in pump assemblies with shafts are calculated. The theoretical and experimental prevention of leakage in existing sealing rings in pump assemblies with shafts is investigated. Variations in construction designs of sealing rings with stress-strain optimization based on the Ritz method are studied. Methodologies for the calculation of pump shaft sealing ring designs are developed and implemented. Modeling, optimization, and calculation of the optimal seal design are conducted.
The article explains the purpose and innovations of the research. The first section analyzes the reasons for leaks in pump shaft sealing rings. The second section discusses limitations and thermal stress due to temperature effects on the sealing rings. The third section focuses on researching the seal model and conducting studies to determine the optimal seal design. The final section examines the impact of new seals on leakage using various graphs and diagrams.
Keywords: The mechanical seal of the pump assembly, the self-aligning bearing, wear, reliability, and stress.
USING OF BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES IN VEHICLE INDUSTRY
Authors: Seving Mustafayeva Seving Mustafayeva
Published: July 2024

This work contains information about some aspects of the use of Big Data technologies in the transport sector, such as predictive analysis of vehicle breakdowns, issues of delivering large amounts of data from rolling stock. Some options for directions for further research on the use of Big Data technologies are considered. One of the problems of using Big Data technologies in the field of transport is the problem of delivering large amounts of information to data processing centers. If for urban transport, where coverage by networks of mobile cellular operators approaches 100%, there are no problems in sending large amounts of data (data can be accumulated on board the vehicle and transmitted at other times, for example, when the vehicle is in the park), then for this transport, such as trucks, trains, cargo planes, there is a certain problem in delivering large amounts of data.
Keywords: Big Data technologies, vehicle industry, collecting data, DFM, risks.
EXPLORING THE FUSION OF INTELLIGENT AGENTS AND UNITY ML: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF ROBOT MOTION SIMULATION
Authors: Rufat Mammadzadeh Rufat Mammadzadeh
Published: July 2024

In this article usage of procedural generation for reinforcement learning is discussed. Procedural generation is a technique in computer graphics and game design that creates content algorithmically, often generating terrain, levels, or assets dynamically, rather than relying on pre-made, static data. Thus, in the context of reinforcement learning for robots, procedural generation can be used to create dynamic and diverse training environments, allowing robots to learn and adapt to a wide range of scenarios through trial and error. Making it possible to train robots in a virtual sophisticated environment resembling what is present in the world.
Keywords: Reinforcement Learning (RL), Procedural Generation (PG), Unity3D, Environment, Robotics.
FİNİTE ELEMENT ANALYSİS OF THE OUTER TUBE PART OF THE ENDOSCOPE
Authors: Ravan Gambarov Ravan Gambarov
Published: July 2024

Even after cleaning and disinfecting the endoscope, the possibility of contamination is high and can adversely affect the health of patients. The US Centers for Disease Control report that there are approximately two million infected victims each year, and approximately 20,000 people succumb to the infection. In recent news, several deaths at UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center have been linked to bacterial contamination of endoscopes. Hence, there is a need to design an endoscope that will reduce or eliminate the chances of these deadly bacteria entering the body. In this article, we will look at the finite element analysis of the outer tube part of a newly designed disposable endoscope. The finite element method (SEM) is a popular method for the numerical solution of differential equations arising in engineering and mathematical modeling. Traditional areas of structural analysis include typical problem areas related to heat transfer, fluid flow, mass transport, and electromagnetic potential.
Keywords: endoscope, outer tube, finite element method, mathematical modeling, analysis.
Digitalisation of the Preliminary Investigation Phase, Fundamental and Human Rights and the Principle of Openness - Balancing Conflicting Interests in the Review of Large Data Sets
Authors: Autio Riina
Published: July 2024

The EU courts have divided an investigation into two distinct stages with different aims: the preliminary investigation phase and the contradictory phase. This paper examines issues related to the digitalisation of the preliminary investigation phase, from screening and open source intelligence to data processing during unannounced inspections or dawn raids. The question is how rights of defence are secured without jeopardising an investigation where data sets have grown beyond anything previously known. Within the context of the principle of openness of government activities in Finland and Sweden, the author sets out to find how the main rule of openness is balanced with the objectives of the preliminary investigation phase. The article examines case-law and literature, complemented with public statements from competition authorities, to find that a fair balance between conflicting interests has been achieved thus far. Examples of open questions currently subject to debate do, nonetheless, range from using personal apps for detection to whether national identity as per Article 4(2) of the Treaty on European Union can tip the balance between confidentiality of correspondence and cartel enforcement categorically in favour of the former. The Court of Justice will likely have to address the issue of national identity in the ongoing Ronos case.
Transparency Unveiled: Access to Information in Digital Markets Act Proceedings on EU Level
Authors: Hornkohl Lena
Published: July 2024

Access to information is essential in order to guarantee fundamental procedural rights under EU law – in particular in order to make full use of the right of defence. At the same time, access to information ensures the greatest possible transparency for all parties and stakeholders. Furthermore, access to information is also crucial in order to strengthen private enforcement, which is the second essential pillar of the effective enforcement of EU law in competition law. This article outlines the options provided for accessing information in the context of the new DMA on EU level. This article is part 1 on the issue of ‘Transparency Unveiled: Access to Information in Digital Markets Act Proceedings’.
And now everything is supposed to be normal again – just like that?!
Authors: Nørholm Lundin Anna
Published: July 2024

The global pandemic of Covid-19 has had massive effects on many levels. For many sectors, the restrictions are gone but normalcy is not fully restored. The performing arts, for example, have been especially vulnerable to sharp restrictions, with audiences staying at home. The aim of this article is to explore what it means for freelance musicians in the art/classical music genre to re-establish their careers after the pandemic. The empirical data consists of interviews with Swedish freelance musicians from 2021 and 2022. The article concludes that the pandemic and its aftermath present the freelancers with substantial practical challenges and emotional dilemmas. Some of the freelancers have been able to re-establish their careers and performer identities, while others are still struggling to get back into the loop. The pandemic has started processes of change, which are now negotiated in relation to going back to ‘normal’.
Inkluderingens banor
Authors: Dahlstedt Magnus , Gruber Sabine , Rydell Maria
Published: July 2024

I denna studie undersöks hur skyddssökande som kom till Sverige 2014-2015 orienteras i en ny tillvaro och hur deras orientering och meningsskapande ändras över tid. Utifrån en longitudinell design där vi intervjuat deltagarna vid två tillfällen med några års mellanrum (2018 och 2022) analyserar vi med hjälp av Sara Ahmeds orienteringsbegrepp deltagarnas levda erfarenheter av handlingsutrymme och inkludering i Sverige. Analysen visar en tydlig orientering mot att vilja lära sig svenska och få ett arbete men att vägen dit är svårframkomlig och kantad av hinder. Språkinlärning och språkutbildning blir såväl något att organisera sitt hopp om en bättre framtid kring som något som skapar institutionella stopp. Deltagarnas erfarenheter understryker även betydelsen av studieförbundens inkluderande policy, som skapar tillgängliga sociala rum. Mot bakgrund av senare års repressiva migrationspolitik diskuteras hur den offentliga problembilden av “misslyckad integration” tenderar att osynliggöra människors ansträngningar och strategier i strävan efter inkludering och en bättre framtid.
A new similarity measure for rankings obtained in MCDM problems using different normalization techniques
Authors: Kacprzak Dariusz
Published: July 2024

The paper presents an analysis of the impact of normalization techniques on the ranking of alternatives obtained using the combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) method. Similarity measures known from the literature and a new measure called the TOPSIS similarity measure (TOPSIS-SM) are used to assess the resulting rankings. This new measure is based on the TOPSIS algorithm, where the arithmetic mean of the considered rankings is taken as the ideal solution. In contrast, the antiideal solution is divided into a minimum and a maximum solution, which exhibit maximum separation from the ideal solution. The results obtained by this new method are different from those obtained using other similarity measures known from the literature.
Selecting a sustainable array of machinery by integrating analytic hierarchy process with gray relational analysis
Authors: Kenarsari Hamidreza Qane'ei , Banaeian Narges , Khani Mahdi
Published: July 2024

One of the key factors that contribute to the proper growth and development of agricultural mechanization is the selection of a sustainable combination of agricultural machinery. This study aims to evaluate and select a sustainable combination of agricultural machinery for rice cultivation in a specific region using hybrid decision-making of AHP-fuzzy GRA methods. First, the agricultural operation program and related types of agricultural machinery applied in the region were investigated. Then several sub-criteria were selected for the selection process, in three main criteria (economic, social, and environmental) using literature, chosen by Delphi scores and weighted by pairwise comparison. Finally, available machinery options for each operation were ranked using fuzzy gray relational analysis. Results showed that hybrid methods are powerful tools for solving similar problems confronted with qualitative and quantitative criteria.
Human intestinal microbiome: Role in health and disease
Authors: Cantón Rafael , De Lucas Ramos Pilar , García-Botella Alejandra , García-Lledó Alberto , Hernández-Sampelayo Teresa , Gómez-Pavón Javier , González del Castillo Juan , Martín-Delgado Mari Cruz , Martín Sánchez Francisco Javier , Martínez-Sellés Manuel , Molero García José María , Moreno Guillén Santiago , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Reigadas Elena , del Campo Rosa , Serrano Sergio , Ruiz-Galiana Julián , Bouza Emilio
Published: July 2024

The study of the microbiota and the microbiome, and specifically the intestinal one, has determined great interest due to the possible association of their alterations with numerous diseases. These include entities as diverse as Crohn’s disease, autism, diabetes, cancer or situations as prevalent today as obesity. In view of this situation, different recommendations have been performed regarding the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics as modulators of the microbiota and the microbiome, seeking both preventive and therapeutic effects, and faecal material transfer (FMT) is proposed as an alternative. The latter has emerged as the only proven beneficial intervention on the intestinal microbiome, specifically in the treatment of recurrent colitis associated with Clostridioides difficile (R-CDI). In the rest of the entities, the lowering of laboratory costs has favored the study of the microbiome, which is resolved by delivering reports with catalogs of microorganisms, metabolites or supposed biomarkers without consensus on their composition associated with healthy or diseased microbiota and the disease. There is still insufficient evidence in any disease for interventions on the microbiome beyond FMT and R-CDI. Multi- and multi-disciplinary work with extensive research and the application of artificial intelligence in this field may shed light on the questions raised currently. Ethical issues must also be resolved in light of possible interventions within the umbrella of personalized medicine.
Circadian rhythms of antioxidant enzymes activity, clock, and inflammation factors are disrupted in the prefrontal cortex of aged rats. Potential targets for therapeutic strategies for a healthy aging.
Authors: Ponce Ivana , Coria-lucero Cinthia , Lacoste María Gabriela , Della Vedova María Cecilia , Devia Cristina , Ramírez Darío , Gómez-mejiba Sandra , Delgado Silvia Marcela , Anzulovich Ana
Published: July 2024

Age impairs cognitive functions and antioxidant defenses, for example, by increasing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain. However, so far, there is no report on the consequences of aging on temporal patterns of proteins and lipids oxidation, antioxidant enzymes activity, endogenous clock and proinflammatory cytokine, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Therefore, our objectives here were: 1) to investigate the endogenous nature of 24h-rhythms of lipoperoxidation, protein carbonyls levels, CAT and GPx activity, RORa, and TNFα, in the rat PFC, and 2) to study the consequences of aging on the circadian organization of those factors in the same brain area. To do that, 3- and 22-mo-old male Holtzman rats were maintained under constant darkness conditions during 15 days before reaching the corresponding age. PFC samples were isolated every 4 h, under dim-red light, during a 24h period. Our results revealed circadian patterns of antioxidant enzymes activity, oxidative stress, RORa and TNFα proteins levels, in the PFC of young rats. The circadian distribution of the rhythms’ phases suggests the existence of a reciprocal communication among the antioxidant defenses, the endogenous clock, and the inflammation, in the PFC. Noteworthy, such circadian organization disappears in the PFC of aged rats. An increased oxidative stress would make the redox environment to change into an oxidative status, which alters the endogenous clock activity and disrupts the circadian organization of, at least part, of the antioxidant defenses and the TNFα, in the PFC. These results might highlight novel chronobiological targets for the design of therapeutic strategies addressed to a healthy aging.
Addressing the Wicked Problems in Nigeria with the ‘4Es’ in Public Administration
Authors: Ofoma Chinedu Valentine , Edino Ojonimi Ferdinand , Nwakpa Timothy Valentine
Published: July 2024

The concept of wicked problems is continuously gaining more attention due basically to the inability of political authorities in certain nations to address some issues that have lingered for decades. This justifies the scholarly interrogation of various strategies adopted to solve these problems as well as the realization of their failure. Narrowing it down to Nigeria, this paper sufficiently contends that poverty, Boko Haram insurgency, banditry, herders-farmers crisis and secessionist agitation fit into the wicked problems; hence, the study primarily investigates the efficacy of the 4Es in Public Administration (a new model) in solving these wicked problems in Nigeria. Adopting a literature-based method, the paper argues compellingly on the need for the adoption of the 4Es in public administration in Nigeria and also highlights its implementation strategies. However, bureaucratic resistance is examined to be a pontential challenge to the implementation of the model in the country. Consequently, the paper proposes for sensitization, participation and gradual implementation of the model among others. Drawing on the above, it conludes that the model should be adopted and offers some practical policy recommendations.
Strategic Mobility Plan for Employees of Coolwood SA Company
Authors: Shafan Tukashaba , Clement Shingiro
Published: July 2024

In contemporary business environments, effective management of employee mobility has become paramount for companies striving to maintain competitiveness and sustainability. Neglecting to develop suitable mobility strategies can result in decreased productivity, increased operational costs, and environmental concerns, jeopardising a company's long-term success. Coolwood SA, a middle-sized furniture production company, is planning to relocate its headquarters from Maastricht to Hasselt by 2030, necessitating the design of a sustainable and cost-efficient mobility plan for its employees. This study aims to address this challenge by crafting a tailored mobility strategy that facilitates a seamless transition to the new headquarters. Drawing on insights from literature and empirical research, this study emphasises the importance of effective mobility planning in enhancing employee satisfaction, productivity, and operational efficiency while reducing environmental impact and costs. By analysing employee profiles, mobility measures, and various scenarios, the study identifies the most suitable mobility strategy for Coolwood SA. Through rigorous cost calculations and scenario comparisons, Scenario Two emerges as the most favourable option, offering significant cost reductions and accommodating employees' diverse needs and preferences. The study's findings underscore the importance of strategic and personalised mobility planning for companies undergoing relocation or expansion. By considering factors such as employee profiles, transportation modes, and cost implications, organisations can optimise decision-making and ensure a smooth transition to new locations while promoting long-term economic success and sustainability. This research provides valuable insights and recommendations for Coolwood SA and other companies navigating similar mobility challenges, highlighting the critical role of mobility planning in achieving organisational objectives and fostering employee well-being.
Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Increases the Risk of Cognitive and Emotional Disorders Among Chinese Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Zhi Jiaxin , Wang Yanyong , Li Libo , Rong Jiaying , Liu Na , Han Caili , Liu Zhai , Shen Li , Yuan Zhenyun , Han Bing
Published: July 2024

The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cognitive impairment and emotional disorder in patients with cerebral small vessel disease is unknown. This retrospective study included, 504 Chinese patients with cerebral small vessel disease admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University between June 2019 and October 2021. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (14 items) scores were utilized to divide the patients into four groups. The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D, high homo-cysteine, hyperuricemia, severity of white matter lesions, and a history of hypertension were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment among patients with cerebral small vessel disease. However, a high level of education is a protective factor. Furthermore, the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly associated with the changes in brain functional regions. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is a promising biomarker for predicting cognitive and emotional disorders in patients with cerebral small vessel disease and is highly associated with alterations in brain functional regions.
Device-assisted enteroscopy: Are we ready to dismiss the spiral?
Authors: Mussetto Alessandro , Merola Elettra , Casadei Cesare , Salvi Daniele , Fornaroli Fabiola , Cocca Silvia , Trebbi Margherita , Gabbrielli Armando , Spada Cristiano , Michielan Andrea
Published: July 2024

Motorized spiral enteroscopy (MSE) is the latest advance in device-assisted enteroscopy. Adverse events related to MSE were discussed in a recent large systematic review and meta-analysis and were directly compared with those of balloon enteroscopy in a case-matched study and a randomized controlled trial. Following the real-life application of MSE, an unexpected safety issue emerged regarding esophageal injury and the technique has been withdrawn from the global market, despite encouraging results in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic yield. We conducted an Italian multicenter real-life prospective study, which was prematurely terminated after the withdrawal of MSE from the market. The primary goals were the evaluation of MSE performance (both diagnostic and therapeutic) and its safety in routine endoscopic practice, particularly in the early phase of introduction in the endoscopic unit. A subanalysis, which involved patients who underwent MSE after unsuccessful balloon enteroscopy, demonstrated, for the first time, the promising performance of MSE as a rescue procedure. Given its remarkable performance in clinical practice and its potential role as a backup technique following a previously failed enteroscopy, it may be more appropriate to refine and enhance MSE in the future rather than completely abandoning it.
The challenges for gender diversity and inclusion in the wind energy industry and the ESG perspective of organizations
Authors: Noronha Matheus Eurico Soares de , Lucena Juliana de Almeida Yanaguizawa , Souza Letícia Jahn
Published: July 2024

Context: Gender Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) has been a challenge for the energy and renewable energy industry. The wind energy industry has carried out a series of practices and initiatives to fulfil ESG criteria - environmental, social and governance, however the topic of D&I is still a paradigm for sector organizations.
 Objective: This paper aims to present how the wind industry can promote D&I to meet ESG criteria, specifically, mapping industry challenges to promote D&I practices.
Method: The research methodology is a qualitative case study with 10 semi-structured interviews from different executive and managerial positions in organizations in the wind energy sector.
Results: The results demonstrated that there are a series of challenges and some ongoing practices, but the gap between these practices and initiatives and the culture of organizations is still a sectoral bottleneck.
Contribution: The scientific and practical contribution of the research lies in presenting a kaleidoscope with 5 main challenges for continuing the discussion of D&I in companies, as well as 10 practices reported by interviewees that unfold into a roadmap for the global wind sector.
Circular Economy in the steel sector: future trends and challenges in Brazil
Authors: Akiama Solange , Spers Renata Giovinazzo
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Examine the role of the circular economy in the steel sector, highlighting trends and challenges faced in its transition to a more sustainable practices.
Methodology/approach: This research is centered on a qualitative analysis of the steel production chain in Brazil. Information was gathered using in-depth interviews and was examined through an abductive approach involving purposive sampling.
Originality/relevance: This study highlights the main trends, examines the challenges, and outlines the best practices within the Brazilian industry steel sector, framed within the context of the circular economy.
Key findings: The results show that Brazil is aligned with global sustainability and circularity trends in the steel industry, albeit with particular challenges.
Theoretical/methodological contributions: The findings of this investigation are intended to establish a basis for mapping out the trends in Brazil's steel industry by 2035.
ATLAS: Mapping ATtention’s Location And Size to probe five modes of serial and parallel search
Authors: Davis Gregory
Published: July 2024

Conventional visual search tasks do not address attention directly and their core manipulation of ‘set size’ – the number of displayed items – introduces stimulus confounds that hinder interpretation. However, alternative approaches have not been widely adopted, perhaps reflecting their complexity, assumptions, or indirect attention-sampling. Here, a new procedure, the ATtention Location And Size (‘ATLAS’) task used probe displays to track attention’s location, breadth, and guidance during search. Though most probe displays comprised six items, participants reported only the single item they judged themselves to have perceived most clearly – indexing the attention ‘peak’. By sampling peaks across variable ‘choice sets’, the size and position of the attention window during search was profiled. These indices appeared to distinguish narrow- from broad attention, signalled attention to pairs of items where it arose and tracked evolving attention-guidance over time. ATLAS is designed to discriminate five key search modes: serial-unguided, sequential-guided, unguided attention to ‘clumps’ with local guidance, and broad parallel-attention with or without guidance. This initial investigation used only an example set of highly regular stimuli, but its broader potential should be investigated.
Distractor similarity and category variability effects in search
Authors: Robbins Arryn , Evdokimov Anatolii
Published: July 2024

Categorical search involves looking for objects based on category information from long-term memory. Previous research has shown that search efficiency in categorical search is influenced by target/distractor similarity and category variability (i.e., heterogeneity). However, the interaction between these factors and their impact on different subprocesses of search remains unclear. This study examined the effects of target/distractor similarity and category variability on processes of categorical search. Using multidimensional scaling, we manipulated target/distractor similarity and measured category variability for target categories that participants searched for. Eye-tracking data were collected to examine attentional guidance and target verification. The results demonstrated that the effect of category variability on response times (RTs) was dependent on the level of target/distractor similarity. Specifically, when distractors were highly similar to target categories, there was a negative relation between RTs and variability, with low variability categories producing longer RTs than higher variability categories. Surprisingly, this trend was only present in the eye-tracking measures of target verification but not attentional guidance. Our results suggest that searchers more effectively guide attention to low-variability categories compared to high-variability categories, regardless of the degree of similarity between targets and distractors. However, low category variability interferes with target match decisions when distractors are highly similar to the category, thus the advantage that low category variability provides to searchers is not equal across processes of search.
Yeşil Yönetim ve Çevre Bilinci
Authors: Kara Ergün
Published: July 2024

Yeşil Yönetim ve Çevre Bilinci kitabı, konaklama işletmeleri için bir modelleme üzerine Dr. Ergün Kara tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Kitap, yeşil yönetim kavramının anlamını ve önemini ele almaktadır. Yeşil yönetim anlayışının ilkeleri, üretim faaliyetleri, insan kaynakları faaliyetleri, pazarlama faaliyetleri, muhasebe-finans faaliyetleri, Ar-Ge faaliyetleri ve halkla ilişkiler faaliyetleri gibi çeşitli alanlarda nasıl uygulanabileceği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ayrıca, yeşil yönetim anlayışının işletme başarısına nasıl katkı sağladığı da incelenmektedir. Kitabın ikinci bölümünde ise çevre bilinci ve gelişimi konusu ele alınmaktadır. Çevre kavramı, çevre bilincinin önemi, çevre sorunları ve çözümleri gibi konular kitapta yer almaktadır.Bu kitap, konaklama işletmeleri için yeşil yönetim ve çevre bilinci konularında bilgi edinmek isteyenler için önemli bir kaynak niteliği taşımaktadır. Kitap, çevre dostu uygulamaların işletme başarısına nasıl katkı sağlayabileceğini anlatarak, işletmelerin çevreye duyarlı ve sürdürülebilir bir şekilde faaliyet göstermelerine yardımcı olmayı amaçlamaktadır.
The book \"Green Management and Environmental Awareness\" is written by Dr. Ergün Kara and focuses on modeling for accommodation businesses. The book discusses the meaning and importance of green management concept. It emphasizes how the principles of green management can be applied in various areas such as production activities, human resources activities, marketing activities, accounting and finance activities, R&D activities, and public relations activities. Additionally, it examines how the green management approach contributes to business success. The second part of the book addresses the topic of environmental awareness and development. It covers subjects such as the concept of environment, the importance of environmental awareness, environmental issues, and their solutions. This book serves as an important resource for those who want to acquire knowledge on green management and environmental awareness in accommodation businesses. It aims to assist businesses in operating in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner by explaining how environmentally friendly practices can contribute to business success.
124-B Numaralı Ayntâb Şer’iyye (Kadı) Sicili (H. 1182-1183 / M. 1768-1770) Transkripsiyon ve Dizin
Authors: Kıvrım İsmail
Published: July 2024

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Muhteşem Gatsby’den Sözde Kızlar’a Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald ve Peyami Safa
Authors: Yavuz Suzan
Published: July 2024

Bu kitap, Suzan Yavuz tarafından yazılan bir tez çalışmasının kitaplaştırmasıdır. Kitap, Amerikalı yazar Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald'ın \"Muhteşem Gatsby\" adlı eserini ve Türk yazar Peyami Safa'nın \"Sözde Kızlar\" adlı eserini karşılaştırmalı olarak ele almaktadır. Fitzgerald'ın eseri, Amerika'da \"Caz Çağı\" olarak adlandırılan dönemi anlatırken, Safa'nın eseri ise Türkiye'de Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarını kapsayan dönemi ele almaktadır. Her iki eser de savaş sonrası dönemde yaşanan psikolojik ve ekonomik sıkıntıları toplumun içinde bulunduğu yoğunluğuyla ele almaktadır. Kitap, bu iki eseri öz ve biçim açısından karşılaştırarak benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya koymaktadır. Karşılaştırmalı edebiyat alanında önemli bir boşluğu dolduran bu çalışma, okuyucuları Türk ve Amerikan edebiyatına keyifli bir yolculuğa çıkarmaktadır.
This book is the adaptation of a thesis written by Suzan Yavuz. The book compares the work \"The Great Gatsby\" by American author Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald with the work \"Pseudo Girls\" by Turkish author Peyami Safa. Fitzgerald's work depicts the period known as the \"Jazz Age\" in America, while Safa's work covers the early years of the Republic in Turkey. Both works address the psychological and economic hardships experienced by society in the post-war period. The book compares these two works in terms of content and form, highlighting their similarities and differences. Filling an important gap in the field of comparative literature, this study takes readers on an enjoyable journey through Turkish and American literature.
Amerika’da Bir Proje: Duygu ve Motivasyon Günlükleri
Authors: Akyüz Enes
Published: July 2024

Dr. Enes Akyüz'ün \"Amerika'da Bir Proje: Duygu ve Motivasyon Günlükleri\" adlı kitabı, yazarın Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde gerçekleştirdiği bir projeyi anlatmaktadır. Kitap, yazarın doktora sonrası araştırma bursuyla Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi'ne gidişi ve orada geçirdiği 6 aylık süreci konu almaktadır. Yazar, projenin metodolojik olarak öğrenimi, laboratuvardaki diğer araştırmacılarla iletişim, laboratuvar sorumlusu hocayla diyalog ve projeye konsantre olma çabasını anlatmaktadır. Ayrıca, kitapta yazarın sosyal yaşamı, etrafındaki öğrencilerle olan ilişkileri ve sportif faaliyetlere katılımı da yer almaktadır. Kitap, günlük formatında hazırlanmış olup, okuyuculara sürükleyici ve motive edici bir hikaye sunmaktadır.
The book titled \"A Project in America: Diary of Emotions and Motivation\" by Dr. Enes Akyüz narrates a project conducted by the author in the United States of America. The book focuses on the author's journey to the University of Wisconsin-Madison with a post-doctoral research scholarship and his six-month experience there. The author describes the methodology of the project, communication with other researchers in the laboratory, dialogue with the laboratory supervisor, and efforts to concentrate on the project. Additionally, the book includes the author's social life, relationships with fellow students, and participation in sports activities. Presented in a diary format, the book offers readers an engaging and motivating story.