bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Enduring Involvement on Tragedy-Related Tourism Experiences
Authors: Kang Eun-Jung , Lee Timothy J. , Han Ji-Sook
Published: June 2017

This study examines the effect of enduring involvement (EI) on visitor experiences, including the benefit gained, in the context of tragedy-related tourism in South Korea. It also scrutinizes an important visitor characteristic of tragedy-related tourism experiences: “connection to the site or the tragic event.” Semi-structured interviews were conducted across three key informant groups: Jeju Islanders with some connection to the incident; Jeju Islanders with no connection to the incident; and non-Jeju Islanders. These data were used to form the basis of an analysis that indicates that the level of enduring involvement is related to the benefit gained from tragedy-related tourism or dark tourism experiences. Enduring involvement differs significantly by age, place of origin, and education level, although not by gender. The findings are informative for the effective development and management of tragic heritage tourism products and attractions in terms of segmentation of visitors, and for the understanding of visitor behaviors.
Public School Fundraisers: The Legal Obstacles and Protections for School Officials
Authors: Geier Brett A.
Published: June 2017

In the world of public school finance, fewer resources are being allocated to curricular activities, let alone cocurricular activities. To help ameliorate budgets for clubs, athletic teams, and other groups, students with the guidance of school officials conduct fundraisers. Many of these fundraisers were once perceived as innocuous with opportunities to build group or team spirit. However, current legal paradigms make conducting fundraisers much more nebulous, increasing liability for school officials. This article serves three purposes: (a) it articulates legal philosophies that must be adhered to in order to avoid negligence or constitutional violations, (b) it identifies several, typical fundraising activities and the legal framework that guides them and opportunities to avoid pitfalls, and (c) a compendium is provided with each section and a discussion section, which synthesizes the various legal frameworks into a general paradigm by which practicing administrators can implement in order to avoid violations and/or liability.
Sacrificial template method for the synthesis of three-dimensional nanofibrous 58S bioglass scaffold and its in vitro bioactivity and cell responses
Authors: Luo Honglin , Zhang Yang , Li Gen , Tu Junpin , Yang Zhiwei , Xiong Guangyao , Wang Zheren , Huang Yuan , Wan Yizao
Published: June 2017

Three-dimensional nanofibrous scaffolds that morphologically mimic natural extracellular matrices hold great promises in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their increased cell attachment and differentiation compared with block structure. In this work, for the first time, three-dimensional porous nanofibrous 58S bioglass scaffolds have been fabricated using a sacrificial template method. During the process, a natural three-dimensional nanofibrous bacterial cellulose was used as the sacrificial template on which precursor 58S glass was deposited via a sol-gel route. SEM and TEM results verify that the as-prepared 58S scaffolds can inherit the three-dimensional nanofibrous feature of bacterial cellulose. Pore structure characterizations by nitrogen adsorption-desorption and mercury intrusion porosimetry demonstrate that the 58S scaffolds are highly porous with a porosity of 75.1% and contain both mesopores (39.4 nm) and macropores (60 µm) as well as large BET surface area (127.4 m2 g−1). In vitro cell studies suggest that the 58S scaffold is bioactive and biocompatible with primary mouse osteoblast cells, suggesting that the nanofibrous structure of 58S is able to provide an appropriate environment for cellular functioning. These results strongly suggest that the three-dimensional nanofibrous 58S scaffold has great potential for application in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Evaluating the care cascade after antiretroviral therapy initiation in Latin America
Authors: Wolff Marcelo J , Cortes Claudia P , Mejìa Fernando A , Padgett Denis , Belaunzarán-Zamudio Pablo , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Giganti Mark J , McGowan Catherine C , Rebeiro Peter F
Published: June 2017

Accelerating antiretroviral therapy (ART) administration, improving retention, and achieving viral suppression in low- and middle-income countries must be prioritized. We evaluated trends and disparities in these milestones in a large Latin American cohort. Adults starting ART (ARTstart) from 2003 to 2014 at Caribbean, Central, and South America network for HIV epidemiology sites were assessed for care cascade outcomes: CD4 cell count >200 cells/mm3 at ARTstart; retention (≥1 visit at one year after ARTstart); viral suppression (≥1 HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/ml at one year after ARTstart). Modified Poisson regression provided adjusted prevalence ratios by age, gender, and HIV transmission risk, accounting for site and year of ARTstart. Proportions achieving ARTstart and suppression improved over time (p < 0.05). Older age was associated with better retention and viral suppression, but not ARTstart at CD4 cell count >200 cells/mm3. Females and men who have sex with men (MSM) were more likely to have CD4 cell count >200 cells/mm3 at ARTstart. Injection drug users (IDUs) were less likely to be retained while MSM were more likely to achieve viral suppression (all p < 0.05). Despite improvements in these outcomes over the course of a decade in this cohort, significant disparities existed, disadvantaging younger patients, men, and IDUs. These gaps indicate continued progress in providing early diagnosis and ARTstart remain critical.
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus and the risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: A Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Ahlehoff O , Wu J J , Raunsø J , Kristensen S L , Khalid U , Kofoed K , Gislason G
Published: June 2017

Background

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health concern. Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic autoimmune disease ranging from localized cutaneous disease (CLE) to systemic involvement (SLE). Patients with SLE have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but little is known about the CLE-related risk of VTE.

Methods

To evaluate the risk of VTE in patients with SLE and CLE as compared to the general population, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate and compare the risk of VTE. Registries of hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and prescription drug use were studied to determine the risk of VTE in patients with CLE and SLE and the general population between 1997 and 2011.

Results

A total of 3234 patients with CLE and 3627 patients with SLE were identified and compared to 5,590,070 individuals in the reference population. The incidence rates per 1000 year of VTE were higher in patients with LE, i.e. 1.20, 3.06, and 5.24 for the reference population, CLE, and SLE, respectively. In adjusted models, both CLE (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.10–1.78) and SLE (HR 3.32; 95% CI 2.73–4.03) were associated with a statistically significant increased risk of VTE, compared to the reference population.

Conclusion

In this nationwide study, both CLE and SLE were significant risk factors for VTE. The results add to our understanding of comorbidities in patients with LE, and call for further studies and increased awareness of thromboembolic complications in patients with CLE.
Equine-Assisted Experiential Learning in Occupational Therapy Education
Authors: Murphy Lynne , Wilson Jacqueline , Greenberg Stacey
Published: June 2017

Equine-assisted occupational therapy (EAOT) employs horse and human cooperation in activities that facilitate social, emotional, and cognitive development. The potential benefits of equine-assisted activities for students may influence the development of these types of skills in professional occupational therapy practice. This study explored the experience of students who participated in EAOT, related to problem-solving skills, analysis of activities, tolerance for ambiguity, effective communication, and reflection skills. Sixty occupational therapy students participated in EAOT, and completed a pretest and posttest survey regarding the experience. Changes in students’ perceptions of comfort with ambiguity, problem solving, reflection, and activity analysis skills were examined. Student responses to broad questions allowed for thematic review of the benefits and challenges of this form of experiential learning. Students were initially fearful of experiential learning; however, a statistically significant improvement in tolerance to ambiguity was identified following the session. In addition, students perceived improved problem-solving skills, ability to analyze activities, and more effective communication skills. Clear benefits were identified in the equine-assisted experience for occupational therapy students. Additional study is warranted to allow for objective measures of tolerance for ambiguity and to explore additional learning outcomes related to readiness for clinical practice.
Probability-based cumulative damage assessment of structures subjected to non-stationary repeated loads
Authors: Wang Cao , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2017

In-service civil structures are often subjected to repeated external loads (shock events), which may lead to an accumulation of structural damage and further an increase in the probability of structural failure. The shock actions are by nature stochastic with randomness arising from their intensities and occurrence times. A varying trend in future intensity and/or occurrence rate of many types of shock action has been projected in the literature, such as cyclone actions due to the potential impact of climate change. This article proposes a method to assess the structural reliability in the presence of uncertainty and non-stationarity in external shock events, with a limit state that the cumulative damage exceeds the permissible level. The mean value and variance of the cumulative damage are estimated with proposed closed-form solutions, and the gamma distribution is suggested to describe the probabilistic characteristics of the cumulative damage, whose accuracy is verified through a comparison with Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, the cumulative density function of structural service life is derived explicitly. Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the impact of non-stationarity in shock actions on structural reliability.
The management of pancreatic injuries
Authors: Krige JEJ , Jonas E , Thomson SR , Beningfield SJ
Published: June 2017

Pancreatic injuries are relatively uncommon, but considerable morbidity and mortality may result if associated vascular and duodenal injuries are present or if the extent of the injury is underestimated and appropriate intervention is delayed. Optimal management includes the need for early diagnosis and accurate definition of the site and extent of injury. Prognosis is influenced by the cause and complexity of the pancreatic injury, the amount of blood lost, duration of shock, the rapidity of resuscitation and the quality and appropriateness of surgical intervention. Early mortality results from uncontrolled or major bleeding due to associated injuries while late mortality is generally a consequence of infection or multiple organ failure. Initial management of pancreatic trauma is similar to that of any patient with a severe abdominal injury. Stable patients with a suspected pancreatic injury should have non-invasive imaging including a CT scan or MRI. Urgent laparotomy is required in patients with evidence of major intraperitoneal bleeding, associated visceral trauma, or peritonitis. Operative intervention is guided by the integrity of the main pancreatic duct. External drainage is adequate for parenchymal injuries with an intact duct, while duct injuries of the neck, body and tail require a distal pancreatectomy. Pancreatic head injuries are more complex. If the duodenum is reparable and the ampulla is intact, external drainage suffices. Rarely, complex injuries may require a pancreatoduodenectomy after damage control surgery if the patient has multiple injuries and is unstable. Postoperative pancreatic complications including fistula and pseudocysts are common but can usually be treated endoscopically.
LGBT/Queer Hermeneutics and the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Tabb Stewart David
Published: June 2017

LGBT and queer interpretive approaches have moved beyond the identitarian and apologetic stances of the 1970s–90s, when the first order of business was to respond to anti-gay voices and understand social location as an interpretive standpoint. The HIV/AIDS health crisis helped move some LGBT interpreters away from homosexuality as an object of study to placing themselves inside the text as subjects, lamenting with the Psalms or putting God in the dock like Job. Queer interpretation, anti-essentialist in spirit, moved away from identitarian concerns placing queer interpreters outside the text as interrogators. Queer biblical criticism resists heteronormativity as the default interpretive stance, but embraces the study of the body, gender performance, midrash-making and playfulness with biblical texts. The queer interpretive approach has begun to mature as it seeks intersections with minoritized criticisms, disability studies and the rising consciousness of intersex people, while criticizing itself as well.
Kids, Creativity, and Katrina
Authors: Fothergill Alice , Peek Lori
Published: June 2017

Alice Fothergill and Lori Peek on the post-disaster culture created by kids.
Top Users and Long Tails: Twitter and Instagram Use During the 2015 Norwegian Elections
Authors: Larsson Anders Olof
Published: June 2017

Uses of social media for purposes of political campaigning have become widespread across several electoral contexts. However, as much of the research focused on these issues have dealt primarily with Twitter, relatively little is known regarding how parties make use of other, similar platforms. This article analyzes Twitter and Instagram use during the 2015 Norwegian elections. By adopting a comparative approach, the article suggests a novel approach for applying the often-used normalization and equalization hypotheses. While the former of these hypotheses suggests that larger parties will dominate online, the latter proposes that comparably smaller actors will utilize comparably novel services—such as Instagram in this case—to comparably larger extents than their more sizeable competitors. Contrary to the hypotheses, however, messages primarily relating to smaller actors tended to dominate on Twitter, while larger actors were found to be successful in terms of gaining traction on Instagram.
MD to MD Coaching: Improving Physician–Patient Experience Scores
Authors: Sharieff Ghazala Q.
Published: June 2017

With increasing national focus on patient experience scores through public reporting and the Value-Based Purchasing Program, hospitals and medical groups are challenged with initiating sustainable programs to improve their scores. Our system initiated 3 pilot programs to determine which approaches and techniques would be the most beneficial. The pilot trails included: (a) MD to MD 1:1 coaching with monthly MD-specific individual reports; (b) all staff patient experience training sessions at two of our urgent care centers; and (c) physician group patient experience training at one of our outpatient clinics. This article describes our 3 pilot initiatives and results that have been obtained.
How effective is central enforcement? Evidence from convened committees in failing local authorities
Authors: Reingewertz Yaniv , Beeri Itai
Published: June 2017

The recent economic slowdown has revealed weaknesses in existing fiscal arrangements and led to the reintroduction of enforcement mechanisms on local authorities within the OECD. One extreme intervention approach for municipalities in financial distress includes neutralization of the elected local leadership and its replacement with a convened committee. Yet how effective are such enforcement methods in the stabilization of local authorities? We present, for the first time, a complete empirical examination of how neutralization affects the financial performance of failing local authorities, as measured by municipal spending, revenue and fiscal balance. We apply the difference-in-differences methodology using data on 77 Israeli municipalities during 2000–2011 to answer this question. We find a sizeable effect of convened committees on the financial performance of local authorities, including an 11% reduction in municipal labor costs, a 6% reduction in current deficits and a 40% reduction in municipal debt. We also find some evidence for an increase in local tax collection. The fall in debt is partly due to an increase in targeted government transfers and may reflect increased political trust. We discuss the results in light of possible tensions between the neutralization approach and local democracy and conclude that while convened committees improve the financial performance of local authorities, they should be reserved for extreme municipal crises.
Administration of immunobiotic Lactobacillus plantarum delays but does not prevent lethal pneumovirus infection in Rag1−/− mice
Authors: Percopo Caroline M , Ma Michelle , Rosenberg Helene F
Published: June 2017

Administration of immunobiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) directly to the respiratory mucosa promotes cross-protection against lethal pneumovirus infection via B-cell-independent mechanisms. In this study, we examined Lp-mediated cross protection in Rag1−/− mice which cannot clear virus from lung tissue. Although Lp was initially protective, Rag1−/− mice ultimately succumbed to a delayed lethal outcome associated with local production of the proinflammatory cytokines CCL1, -2, and -7, granulocyte recruitment, and ongoing virus replication. By contrast, CD8null mice, which are fully capable of clearing virus, are protected by Lp with no delayed lethal outcome, granulocyte recruitment to the airways, or induction of CCL7. Repeated administration of Lp to virus-infected Rag1−/− mice had no impact on delayed mortality. Moreover, administration of Lp to the respiratory mucosa resulted in no induction of IFN-α or -β in Rag1−/− or wild-type mice, and IFN-abR gene deletion had no impact on Lp-mediated protection. Overall, our findings indicate that although Lp administered to the respiratory tract has substantial impact on lethal virus-induced inflammation in situ, endogenous virus clearance mechanisms are needed to promote sustained protection. Our results suggest that a larger understanding of the mechanisms and mediators that limit acute virus-induced inflammation may yield new and useful therapeutic modalities.
Cascaded wavefield tomography and inversion using extended common-image-point gathers: A case study
Authors: Díaz Esteban , Sava Paul
Published: June 2017

Image-domain wavefield tomography (WT) exploits focusing characteristics of extended images for updating the velocity field. To make good use of this information, one must understand how such images behave if the migration velocity is accurate. This is not trivial because focusing depends on not only the model error, but also on the acquisition setup, the data bandwidth, and illumination variation caused by the overburden. We address this problem by constructing penalty functions based on the point spread functions of the imaging operator that characterize focusing in extended images. Moreover, instead of sampling the extended images at preset distances along the surface, we sample the image by constructing common-image-point gathers, which are more economical from a computational point of view and also measure the spatial and temporal focusing of the wavefield. Coupled with image residuals exploiting illumination-based penalty functions, we construct robust wavefield tomographic updates from sparse locations of the image in areas of poor or uneven illumination. Models obtained with this type of methodology are a good starting point for more sensitive, but less robust, waveform inversion methods. Starting with the velocity model obtained by illumination-based tomography (where important low-wavenumber information is added to the model), we perform an inversion using waveform tomography in the data domain. We describe an application of the method to synthetic examples and to a marine 2D data set. We complement the low-resolution WT resolution with a high-resolution data-domain inversion, which has the potential to add details to the reconstructed model. We describe the tomographic implementation with a synthetic data set and a marine field data example.
Pressure and temperature dependence of acoustic wave speeds in bitumen-saturated carbonates: Implications for seismic monitoring of the Grosmont Formation
Authors: Rabbani Arif , Schmitt Douglas R. , Nycz Jason , Gray Ken
Published: June 2017

Recent time-lapse seismic observations in carbonate reservoirs subject to steam-assisted enhanced oil recovery display substantial changes in seismic reflectivity due to the combined effects of saturation, pressure, and temperature. Understanding these field seismic observations requires knowledge of the effects on the seismic wave speeds in bitumen-saturated carbonates. We have conducted ultrasonic measurements of P- and S-wave velocities in bitumen-saturated dolomite taken from the Grosmont Formation in northern Alberta. Wave speeds are measured under a variety of conditions of constant pore pressure, constant effective pressure, and with varying temperature to map the various controlling factors. The temperature-dependent declines of 12% and 9% for the P- and S-wave speeds, respectively, with temperatures from 10°C to 102°C are most notable. Unlike oil sands, at times, the dolomite retains its structure upon removal of the bitumen allowing for measurement of the dry and water-saturated frame properties and their subsequent use in substitutional modeling. None of the standard bounding, inclusion, or Biot-Gassmann family models adequately describe the observations in the heated sample. The deviations may be in part due to the inability of these models to properly incorporate the complex bitumen non-Newtonian rheology including a bulk viscosity.
Markers of Adipogenesis, but Not Inflammation, in Adipose Tissue Are Independently Related to Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Matulewicz Natalia , Stefanowicz Magdalena , Nikołajuk Agnieszka , Karczewska-Kupczewska Monika
Published: June 2017

Context

In obesity, adipose tissue (AT) undergoes dynamic remodeling, including an alternation in adipogenesis, AT-resident cell content, angiogenesis, and turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Studies of AT in humans have been carried out mostly in people with severe metabolic abnormalities, like type 2 diabetes or morbid obesity.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate subcutaneous AT gene expression of markers of adipogenesis, ECM remodeling, and inflammation in young, healthy, overweight or obese subjects.

Design

The study group comprised 83 normal-weight, 48 overweight, and 19 obese subjects. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, biopsy of subcutaneous AT, and isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed. Gene expression was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results

Overweight/obese subjects had lower AT expression of markers of adipogenesis, insulin signaling, and angiogenesis; higher expression of markers of ECM remodeling; altered expression of genes of the nuclear factor-κ-B (NFκB), but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, pathway; and higher expression of macrophage markers but not markers of other immune cells. In multiple regression analysis, the expression of CEBPA, ADIPOQ, IRS1, IRS2, SLC2A4, and MMP9 was associated with insulin sensitivity independently of body mass index. No differences were found in inflammatory-gene PBMC expression.

Conclusion

Overweight/obesity is associated with altered expression of genes of adipogenesis, insulin signaling, ECM remodeling, and inflammation. NFκB seems to be the earliest inflammatory pathway altered at the transcriptional level in AT. Macrophages seem to be the first immune cells to infiltrate AT. Adipogenesis and ECM remodeling are the initial processes in AT that are independently associated with insulin sensitivity.
Effects of Potassium Bicarbonate Supplements on Circulating microRNA Expression
Authors: Margolis Lee M. , Dawson-Hughes Bess , Rivas Donato A. , Ezzyat Yassine , Fielding Roger A. , Ceglia Lisa
Published: June 2017

Several studies suggest that neutralizing acid load in the diet with alkali had favorable effects on intermediate markers of musculoskeletal health. We examined whether alkali supplementation with potassium bicarbonate [(KHCO3); 81 mmol/d; n = 12] vs placebo (n = 12) for 84 days altered serum microRNAs, potential biomarkers associated with innumerable biological processes including bone and muscle metabolism. Serum microRNAs, urinary net acid excretion (UNAE), urinary N-telopeptide (UNTX), urinary calcium (UCa), urinary nitrogen (UN), glomerular filtration rate, serum procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and its serum binding protein IGFBP3 were measured at baseline and day 84. Baseline characteristics and measurements were similar in the two treatment groups. Eighty-four–day changes in UNAE differed by group (KHCO3, −47 ± 9 mmol; placebo, −5 ± 5 mmol; P < 0.01). KHCO3 significantly reduced UNTX, UCa, and serum P1NP but did not affect UN, serum IGF-1, or IGFBP3 levels compared with placebo over 84 days. Fold change in serum circulating microRNA (c-miR)-133b differed significantly by group (KHCO3, 2.26 ± 0.85; placebo, −1.23 ± 0.69; P < 0.01); there was a similar trend in c-miR-21-5p. Fold changes in c-miR-133b and c-miR-21-5p were inversely associated with changes in UNAE and UNTX; fold change in c-miR-21-5p was inversely associated with change in UCa, with a similar trend with c-miR-133b. In summary, reducing renal acid load with KHCO3 was associated with increased expressions of c-miR-133b and c-miR-21-5p. Furthermore, increases in c-miRNA-133b and c-miR-21-5p were inversely associated with bone resorption markers UNTX and UCa consistent with potential beneficial effects on bone in older adults. However, the broader significance of c-miRNAs as musculoskeletal biomarkers is still under investigation, and larger studies are needed to verify these preliminary results.
The Stories That Need to Be Told: 56th Venice Biennale
Authors: Wendt Selene
Published: June 2017

The interconnectivity of seemingly disconnected situations and stories throughout the 56th International Art Exhibition All the World’s Futures (2015), curated by Okwui Enwezor and organized by La Biennale di Venezia, contributes to an exhibition that is simultaneously fragmented, overlapped, and intertwined. The result is a complex structure of stories that exists between past and present, combines shared histories with personal stories, and ranges from the highly visual to the completely invisible. Throughout the exhibition past and present are in constant ebb and flow, as contemporaneity is influenced by history, memory, loss, absence, and displacement. The stories throughout relate to distinctions of power and class hierarchy, social injustice, mass migration, absence, and loss. In the spirit of Edward Said, topics of displacement and exile abound in works that are woven together from the ragged, yet beautiful, threads of daily life as influenced by the long-term effect of history and its implications on what plays out in the present. These narratives are punctuated by an abundance of words, text, and literary references that are written, spoken, sung, recited, projected, sculpted, drawn, whispered, murmured, or simply inferred. Stories conveyed through the universal language of music also resonate throughout All the World’s Futures, while the potential of art to change lives and the implementation of art as a tool for social activism provide a beautiful subtext for the entire exhibition. The relationship between history and contemporaneity creates a fascinating subtext that links past, present, and future throughout the exhibition. Ultimately, the stories, poems, narratives, sound, music, and images come together to convey a real sense of all the world’s futures.
Negotiating Contemporary African Architectures at Louisiana Museum of Modern Art
Authors: Windmuller-Luna Kristen
Published: June 2017

African architecture is having a moment in European museums. Joining the crowd is AFRICA: Architecture, Culture, and Identity, an ambitious and contradictory exhibition at the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in Hummelbæk, Denmark, June 25, 2015–October 25, 2015. Divided into seven themes designed as points of entrée into the field of contemporary sub-Saharan Africa, the sprawling exhibition includes contributions by nearly eighty architects, writers, and artists either born in or working on the continent. With its kaleidoscope of images, Louisiana’s AFRICA provides many answers to the hows and whys of contemporary African architecture, ultimately succeeding in its intention to supplant media-based stereotypes of the continent with alternative narratives. Juxtaposing architecture’s two dominant global modes—that of the architect-designed structure with that of the user-built structure—AFRICA makes it clear that architectural modernity is an act of negotiation with no clear final outcome. Notwithstanding curatorial declarations that the exhibition would neither try to “pinpoint the specifically African” nor rely upon generalizations, too often the wall texts and labels rely on the tired tropes of the tribal and traditional to create fantastical pan-African architectural typologies, undermining genuine explorations of the local.
SoxF factors induce Notch1 expression via direct transcriptional regulation during early arterial development
Authors: Chiang Ivy Kim-Ni , Fritzsche Martin , Pichol-Thievend Cathy , Neal Alice , Holmes Kelly , Lagendijk Anne , Overman Jeroen , D'Angelo Donatella , Omini Alice , Hermkens Dorien , Lesieur Emmanuelle , Liu Ke , Ratnayaka Indrika , Corada Monica , Bou-Gharios George , Carroll Jason , Dejana Elisabetta , Schulte-Merker Stefan , Hogan Benjamin , Beltrame Monica , De Val Sarah , Francois Mathias
Published: June 2017

Arterial specification and differentiation are influenced by a number of regulatory pathways. While it is known that the Vegfa-Notch cascade plays a central role, the transcriptional hierarchy controlling arterial specification has not been fully delineated. To elucidate the direct transcriptional regulators of Notch receptor expression in arterial endothelial cells, we used histone signatures, DNaseI hypersensitivity and ChIP-seq data to identify enhancers for the human NOTCH1 and zebrafish notch1b genes. These enhancers were able to direct arterial endothelial cell-restricted expression in transgenic models. Genetic disruption of SoxF binding sites established a clear requirement for members of this group of transcription factors (SOX7, SOX17 and SOX18) to drive the activity of these enhancers in vivo. Endogenous deletion of the notch1b enhancer led to a significant loss of arterial connections to the dorsal aorta in Notch pathway-deficient zebrafish. Loss of SoxF function revealed that these factors are necessary for NOTCH1 and notch1b enhancer activity and for correct endogenous transcription of these genes. These findings position SoxF transcription factors directly upstream of Notch receptor expression during the acquisition of arterial identity in vertebrates.
The evolution of vertical climbing in primates: evidence from reaction forces
Authors: Hanna Jandy B. , Granatosky Michael C. , Rana Pooja , Schmitt Daniel
Published: June 2017

Vertical climbing is an essential behavior for arboreal animals, yet limb mechanics during climbing are poorly understood and rarely compared with those observed during horizontal walking. Primates commonly engage in both arboreal walking and vertical climbing, and this makes them an ideal taxa in which to compare these locomotor forms. Additionally, primates exhibit unusual limb mechanics compared with most other quadrupeds, with weight distribution biased towards the hindlimbs, a pattern that is argued to have evolved in response to the challenges of arboreal walking. Here we test an alternative hypothesis that functional differentiation between the limbs evolved initially as a response to climbing. Eight primate species were recorded locomoting on instrumented vertical and horizontal simulated arboreal runways. Forces along the axis of, and normal to, the support were recorded. During walking, all primates displayed forelimbs that were net braking, and hindlimbs that were net propulsive. In contrast, both limbs served a propulsive role during climbing. In all species, except the lorisids, the hindlimbs produced greater propulsive forces than the forelimbs during climbing. During climbing, the hindlimbs tends to support compressive loads, while the forelimb forces tend to be primarily tensile. This functional disparity appears to be body-size dependent. The tensile loading of the forelimbs versus the compressive loading of the hindlimbs observed during climbing may have important evolutionary implications for primates, and it may be the case that hindlimb-biased weight support exhibited during quadrupedal walking in primates may be derived from their basal condition of climbing thin branches.
Fundamentals of Mechanics
Authors: Яцун  , Yacun Sergey , Локтионова  , Loktionova Oksana , Мищенко  , Mishchenko Vladimir , Политов  , Politov Evgeniy
Published: June 2017

The text book explains the main provisions of the basic topics of mechanics: theoretical mechanics, resistance of materials, theory of mechanisms and machines, machine parts. Specific examples of solving applied tasks are considered..
For students in the field of mechatronics and robotics as well as other specialties, studying the discipline of mechanical profile.
Is Tom Cruise Threatened? An Empirical Study of the Impact of Product Variety on Demand Concentration
Authors: Tan Tom Fangyun , Netessine Serguei , Hitt Lorin
Published: June 2017

We empirically examine the impact of expanded product variety on demand concentration using large data sets from the movie rental industry as our test bed. We find that product variety is likely to increase demand concentration, which goes against the “long tail effect” theory predicting that demand will become less concentrated on “hit” products because of expanded product variety. We further provide evidence that this finding is not due to introducing many low-selling niche products, as the intuition might suggest. Instead, we discover that increasing product variety diversifies the demand away from each movie title, but less significantly for hits than for niche products. In particular, we find that increasing product variety by 1,000 titles may increase the Gini coefficient of DVD rentals by 0.0029, which translates to increasing the market share of the top 1% of DVDs by 1.96% and the market share of the top 10% of DVDs by 0.58%. At the same time, the market share of the bottom 1% of DVDs is reduced by 21.29%, while the market share of the bottom 10% of DVDs is reduced by 5.28%. We rule out alternative explanations using a variety of long tail metrics, capturing movie format/distribution channel interaction and customer heterogeneity, while making use of instrumental variables.
Dignity in care: A 10-point challenge
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: June 2017

The 2017 Dignity in Care conference, held jointly with the National Care Association, illustrated how providers can ensure they treat service users with dignity and respect, and areas on which to focus their efforts
Immunisations in healthcare staff
Authors: Aziz Ann-Marie
Published: June 2017

Immunisation is one of the most successful and cost-effective health protection interventions, and is a cornerstone of public health. Ann-Marie Aziz outlines the process for vaccinating healthcare staff
Advance notice
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: June 2017

After operating a walk-in weekend service, Joanna Fox's London practice has moved successfully to pre-booked appointments. Here, she talks to Practice Management about the changes and challenges involved
Incentives to reinforce positive patient behaviour
Authors: Whatling Adam
Published: June 2017

Despite widely-publicised budget cuts to the NHS, there is clear scope to implement incentive programmes to address long-term health issues, says Adam Whatling
Diversity as an EU cultural policy driver: Neutrality vs affirmativity in the construction of a European cultural space
Authors: Lopez Siresa
Published: June 2017

This article endeavours to contribute to the debate on how notions of diversity in European politics serve to consolidate socio-economic inequality and ethno-nationalism. Starting from the premise that immigrant minorities are a key dimension of European cultural diversity, the article explores the notion of diversity in EU cultural policy. It examines the incorporation of the ‘immigrant minorities’ dimension into the formulation of primary and secondary EU legislation in force since 2000. Qualitative content analysis of legal and policy documents serves to analyse two axes of inclusion: (1) the recognition of immigrant minorities in the definition of a European cultural diversity and (2) the identification of inequality and discrimination as salient factors of socio-economic exclusion. The assessment of the evolution of the notion of diversity shows that despite the increase in immigrants’ socio-economic exclusion and of ethno-nationalism, EU cultural policy uses a neutral notion of cultural diversity. It is argued that this condition of neutrality favours the diversity-inequality tension and the hegemonic position of the nation state dimension in the articulation of a European cultural space.
How does interculturalism facilitate diversity incorporation into the cultural policy mainstream? Montreal’s case study
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard
Published: June 2017

After conceptualizing multiculturalism and interculturalism as two main categories of analysis, I propose an interpretive framework to identify the main drivers of change/continuity in mainstream cultural policy when incorporating diversity. I will use Montreal as a case study and I will undertake documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with the main key-agents of cultural governance. The findings confirm one main pattern: interculturalism is a policy approach that facilitates the process of diversity incorporation in mainstream cultural policy, while multiculturalism is the basis of most of the tensions identified. In fact, to understand the initial tensions that decide continuity/change in cultural policies, two notions of culture are at odds: a narrow view which perceives immigrants as national bearers (ethnic-based view of culture) and a broader notion viewing culture as creative expression (an artistic-based view). The article will culminate with a proposal for a discussion framework to enable further research linking interculturalism/cultural policy.
Introduction – Diversity incorporation in the cultural policy mainstream: Exploring the main frameworks and approaches bridging cultural and migration studies
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard , Sievers Wiebke , Martiniello Marco
Published: June 2017

The point of departure of this special issue is that in spite of the existence of a large debate on cultural policies, on the one hand, and on migration-related diversity policies, on the other hand, there are still few studies that deal with the intersection between these two policy fields. All contributions of the special issue bridge this gap by analysing if and how cultural policies, cultural institutions and artistic activities have changed in response to migratory processes, contributing to the transformation of societies. Their results raise the additional question of whether the incorporation of culture as an artistic practice and a channel of communication could change the basic ways integration processes have been researched.
Including issues of migration and ethnic diversity in museum exhibitions: A reflection on different approaches used in Sweden
Authors: Johansson Christina
Published: June 2017

Historically, an important role of museums has been to contribute to national homogenization, but their roles are currently in flux. The study shows that Swedish museums of culture and history have begun the journey of adjusting to a new era that is affected by globalization, migration and requests for recognition of cultural difference. These processes began in the 1970s, and have been related to policy developments in the fields of culture, integration and minorities. In certain respects, the museums are moving in the direction of becoming what Eilean Hooper-Greenhill describes as post-museums, for example, museums have begun to include stories that have previously been ignored and are opening up to collaboration with stakeholders. However, the very exhibitions could be improved if museums, for example, more effectively employed new global and transnational perspectives on migration.
Time-changed generalized mixed fractional Brownian motion and application to arithmetic average Asian option pricing
Authors: önalan ömer
Published: June 2017

In this paper we present a novel model to analyze the behavior of random asset price process under the assumption that the stock price pro-cess is governed by time-changed generalized mixed fractional Brownian motion with an inverse gamma subordinator. This model is con-structed by introducing random time changes into generalized mixed fractional Brownian motion process. In practice it has been observed that many different time series have long-range dependence property and constant time periods. Fractional Brownian motion provides a very general model for long-term dependent and anomalous diffusion regimes. Motivated by this facts in this paper we investigated the long-range dependence structure and trapping events (periods of prices stay motionless) of CSCO stock price return series. The constant time periods phenomena are modeled using an inverse gamma process as a subordinator. Proposed model include the jump behavior of price process because the gamma process is a pure jump Levy process and hence the subordinated process also has jumps so our model can be capture the random variations in volatility. To show the effectiveness of proposed model, we applied the model to calculate the price of an average arithmetic Asian call option that is written on Cisco stock. In this empirical study first the statistical properties of real financial time series is investigated and then the estimated model parameters from an observed data. The results of empirical study which is performed based on the real data indicated that the results of our model are more accuracy than the results based on traditional models.
Dentigerous cyst of maxilla and mandible associated with ectopic teeth- a case report
Authors: Singh Geeta , Bhutia Dichen Palmo , Singh Diksha , Gamit Jagdish , Vignesh U
Published: June 2017

Background: Dentigerous cyst (DC) is the second most common cyst of the jaw after radicular, affecting mostly the permanent dentition in the mandible (70%). DC Of maxillary sinus involving ectopic teeth is rare.

Case details: We report a case of DC of maxillary sinus as well as anterior mandible associated with ectopic teeth, in a non-syndromic 8 years old boy who underwent cyst enucleation along with extraction of the involved teeth.

Conclusion: DC affecting both maxilla and mandible is a less common entity. Treatment modality can range from enucleation to simple marsupilisation depending upon the extent of the lesion.
Avaliação econômico-financeira de sistemas de manejo de águas residuárias de origem doméstica em empreendimentos habitacionais
Authors: Silva Maria Caroline Carneiro , Santos Joséte Florencio dos
Published: June 2017

O propósito deste estudo é avaliar a viabilidade econômico-financeira dos sistemas de manejo de águas residuárias de origem doméstica em empreendimentos habitacionais de interesse social. Trata-se de dois sistemas compartimentados anaeróbio/aeróbio/anóxica vertical para remoção de carbono e nitrogênio. A análise econômico-financeira do projeto piloto dos sistemas compartimentados foi composta pelo Valor Presente de Custo, Custo Anual Uniforme Equivalente, Entradas de caixa de Breakeven, Análise de sensibilidade e Simulação de Monte Carlo. O resultado da análise tradicional considerou o melhor resultado as premissas “Com Reuso e Sem Investimento Inicial”. De acordo com as entradas de caixa de Breakeven, quanto maior for o custo de capital, maior a entrada de caixa requerida para que o projeto seja viável. Para a análise de sensibilidade, o custo do projeto a valor presente diminui à medida que o custo do capital aumenta, reduzindo, assim, a inviabilidade. No Custo Anual Uniforme Equivalente, nas premissas “sem investimento inicial” e “com investimento inicial” quanto maior o custo de capital, menor e maior o CAUE, respectivamente. Nas simulações de Monte Carlo realizadas, as análises baseadas na interpretação de indicadores tradicionais foram extremamente otimistas, contudo pouco representam a realidade, tanto que a probabilidade de ocorrência é menor que 1%.
Análise de emissões de gases do efeito estufa em um sistema de transporte de carga
Authors: Marcilio Geísa Pereira , Rangel João José de Assis , Peixoto Túlio Almeida
Published: June 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as emissões de gases provenientes das descargas de caminhões durante o transporte de cana-de-açúcar de fontes produtoras para uma determinada usina. Foram investigados cenários alternativos para a movimentação da carga considerando uma variável de desempenho do sistema, tempo de transporte, e as emissões gasosas produzidas. O método utilizado foi simulação a eventos discretos, cujo modelo computacional foi construído por meio do software livre e de código aberto denominado Ururau. Os resultados mostraram que a decisão quanto à escolha dos veículos em determinadas situações pode reduzir as emissões de gases geradas pela frota. Com isso, foi demonstrada a possibilidade de redução dessas emissões apenas pela introdução de modificações em procedimentos operacionais, sem necessidade de investimentos em novas tecnologias.
Modellbasiertes Lernen in der Oberflächeninspektion
Authors: Stephani Henrike , Weibel Thomas , Moghiseh Ali
Published: June 2017

Industrielle Bildverarbeitung wird in immer größerem Maße automatisiert. Vollständig autonom lernende Systeme sind aber
häufig nicht realisierbar, da Repräsentanten der aufzufindenden Fehlerklassen nicht in ausreichendem Maße vorliegen. Wir
stellen hier ein Vorgehen vor, das sowohl die parametrisierbaren Methoden der Bildverarbeitung nutzt, als auch moderne
Modellierungs- und Lernverfahren. Modellannahmen werden dabei zur Einbringung von Vorwissen in Kontur- und
Segmentierungsdetektion genutzt, maschinelles Lernen zur Detektion auffälliger Regionen. Da die Beschaffung von
Fehlermustern in der Regel wesentlich aufwändiger ist, als diejenige von Gutteilen, werden hier Methoden der sogenannten
Ein-Klassen-Klassifikation bzw. des PU-Learnings (positive and unlabelled data) vorgestellt. Die Anwendbarkeit und
Flexibilität der genannten Verfahren wird an Hand einiger Beispiele aus der industriellen Praxis demonstriert.