bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hedychium coronarium Butterfly Ginger, White Garland-lily, White Gingerlily
Authors: Gilman Edward
Published: August 2024

This document provides an overview of the butterfly ginger (Hedychium coronarium), highlighting its ornamental value and cultivation requirements. The butterfly ginger is noted for its fragrant, white flowers that bloom from late spring through summer. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8B through 11 and can be planted year-round in these regions. The plant prefers full sun or partial shade and grows to a height of 4 to 5 feet with a spread of 4 to 6 feet. It is suitable for borders, mass planting, and indoor growing. The butterfly ginger is not considered invasive and has moderate drought tolerance. It is generally pest-resistant and can be propagated by dividing its rhizomes. Original publication date October 1999.
Determination of IC50 Root Extracts of Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) and Kalalawit (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Using DPPH Method
Authors: Merdita Melsya , Febriyanti Rizki , Amananti Wilda
Published: August 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries whose people use traditional medicine as an alternative medicine to treat various types of diseases, one of which is by using bajakah root. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of IC50 and compare the antioxidant activity of the steel root extract of tampala and kalalawit types. Research methods using experimental methods. The population used is the root of bajakah type tampala and kalalawite. Samples were obtained from an online shop with a simple random sampling technique.  Extracted using the reflux method. Determination of IC50 using the DPPH method (1,1- diphenyl-2- picrilhydrazyl). The results of the research on the IC50 value obtained from the roots of bajakah tampala are 46.7304 ppm, which is classified as having anti-ochistic activity and is very strong because it <50 ppm and kalalawit bajakah root of 53.1006  ppm is classified as having strong antioxidant activity because it >50-100 ppm. However, when compared to the vitamin C comparison solution which has a  lower value of IC50,  which is  14.6217 ppm, it has very strong antioxidant activity. The efficacy of this study value of IC50 in the roots of the tampala type of steel is lower, indicating a stronger antioxidant activity than the roots of the kalalawit type bajakah.
Influence of smoking and other factors in development of cataracts in urban and rural areas. A cross-sectional study from Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Yasir , Ain Qurat Ul , Qureshi Anina , Tanvir Fouzia , Shareef Iqra , Asif Mehmooda , Zaman Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Cataract is characterized by the clouding of the crystalline lens fibers in the eyes. Smoking has been identified as risk factor for several common and serious eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and cataracts, all of which can lead to irreversible blindness. This study aimed to examine the relationship between tobacco smoking and non-smoking with the prevalence of cataracts in both urban and rural populations in Pakistan.
Methodology: This epidemiological study was conducted in Okara, involving approximately 2000 patients. Some participants did not provide information, resulting in a total of 1992 confirmed cases from both genders. Data was collected using a questionnaire-based form after obtaining informed consent from patients.
Results: Of the 1992 subjects, 46.13% were male and 53.87% were female. The age distribution of both groups showed a significant difference. A total of 24.60% of patients were from urban areas, while 75.40% were from rural areas, showing no significant difference. The marital status of age groups 20 to 60 and 61 to 100 showed no significant differences. For cigarette smokers aged 20 to 60, the OR / 95% CI was 10.41/2.34, while for the age group 61 to 100, it was 6.63 / 1.89, indicating a significant difference. Huqa smokers aged 20 to 60 also showed a significant difference, as did the age group 61 to 100.
Conclusion: Smoking, whether cigarettes or huqa, is strongly associated with the development of cataracts. Other factors, such as the use of pan, niswar, and marital status, also play a role.
Exploring the knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning services among healthcare workers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Cross-sectional online survey-based research
Authors: Iqbal Syeda Seher , Ismail Ayesha , Bashir Saba , Parveen Aisha , Ali Bibi Hajira Irshad , Zahoor Shafaq
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Family planning services have a pivotal role in encouraging reproductive health and ensuring the well-being of individuals, families, and communities worldwide. This current research aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding family planning services.
Methodology: An online survey among female health workers was conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from March 1st to July 31st, 2023, for 5 months. The survey questionnaire was designed to assess KAP regarding family planning methods, implementation, and associated variables.
Results: Among the 319 participants, 15% had primary education, 21% were diploma holders, and 64% were graduates. Most participants (65.5%) had a monthly household income of less than Rs. 50,000, and 71.2% were married. Regarding family size, 61.3% had two or more children. All participants were familiar with family planning methods, with 89.5% receiving information from trainers and 9.5% through self-study. Over 85% provided correct information on family planning methods, with high accuracy across different types of contraceptive methods. Regarding attitudes, 80% of participants had a positive attitude towards family planning, 82% reported regular practice, and 94.3% advocated for an appropriate gap between childbirth. Additionally, 77.3% encouraged others to use family planning, and 82.6% believed it improved living standards.
Conclusion: The study concludes that attitudes and practices are influenced by knowledge of family planning methods. While awareness and positive attitudes were evident, utilization remained lower than desired. Factors such as education level, income, marital status, family size, and participation in training were highly associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice scores.
Effect of Oil Type in Soap Production with Its Implication on Quality and Cost of Production
Authors: Bashirat Abdulsalam  , Dauda Hassan Lamuntani  , Mohammed Momodu Lawal
Published: August 2024

The study examined the effect of oil - type in soap production. An attempt was made to identify the oil-type that is suitable and applicable in quality soap production. Three types of oil were used for soap production, namely, palm kernel oil, coconut oil and groundnut oil. The soap produced with each oil was subjected to test for lather formation, pH and texture test to determine their quality. Palm kernel oil and coconut oil soaps exhibit pH value of 9 each and groundnut oil soap exhibits pH value of 10. Palm kernel oil soap forms lather readily followed by coconut oil and lastly ground groundnut oil. Palm kernel oil produced the hardest soap followed by coconut oil and the least is groundnut oil. This shows that palm kernel and coconut oils produced a better quality soap in terms of lather formation. Their pH Value also show that their soap is less caustic and safe to use on both fabric and skin and their texture show that they last long for laundry which indicates their economic value.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING (MRP) PADA PERENCANAAN DAN PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU REINFORCING BAR
Authors: Parningotan Sepriandi
Published: August 2024

The resources of a manufacturing company must be good to increase productivity and optimize the result, effective for business operations and support production and business, especially in industry. One of the prerequisites for working is the availability of raw materials. Raw material availability is neither excessive nor insufficient to adversely affect inventory stability and costs. The total production of S.10 rebar during the year was 51,122 pieces, S.13 rebar 65,543 pieces, S.16 rebar 89,668 pieces and S19 rebar 130,972 pieces. Frequency of ordering raw materials, delivery time and storage costs of raw materials are determined by MRP method, batch technique. The raw material order price for a total of one year is IDR 5,528,600. The total cost of raw material storage for 1 year is IDR 87,750,567,6875. The total cost of purchasing raw material for 1 year is IDR 20,154,860,026,6875.
Estresse ocupacional e estratégias para seu enfrentamento em profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em unidade de internação oncológica
Authors: Costa Susana Rocha , Bonamigo Andréa Wander , Michielin Fabiano da Costa , Wachter DjuliaAndriele , Silveira Luiza Maria de Oliveira Braga
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O cuidado em oncologia tende a ser estressante devido a elevada sobrecarga emocional relacionada ao cuidado de pacientes gravemente doentes ou em estado terminal. Este estudo aborda o estresse em profissionais de enfermagem oncológica, sujeitos a diversos fatores estressores relacionados aos cuidados de pacientes gravemente doentes e/ou terminais. Objetivo: Avaliar o estresse no trabalho e as estratégias utilizadas para o seu enfrentamento na perspectiva dos(as) enfermeiros(as) que atuam em uma unidade de internação oncológica. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo com seis enfermeiros que trabalham na unidade de internação oncológica do Hospital Moinhos de Vento. Como instrumentos desse estudo utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico semiestruturado; a escala Health Safety Executive – Indicator Toll (HSE-IT) e uma entrevista semiestruturada para investigação de estressores no trabalho de enfermagem. Resultados: Os dados desta pesquisa demonstraram o seguinte perfil de participantes: idade média 37 anos, sexo feminino, casadas, com Pós Graduação em Oncologia, atuando há mais de um ano na instituição, com carga horária de trabalho de mais de 6 horas diárias, com renda mensal superior a quatro salários mínimos, que moram com algum familiar e todas têm alguma prática espiritual. Os resultados indicam a presença de estresse para os trabalhadores da enfermagem que atuam na oncologia, segundo o HSE-IT evidenciou-se nas dimensões de Controle, Apoio da Chefia, Apoio dos Colegas e Relacionamentos. As principais estratégias utilizadas pelas participantes foram: espiritualidade; cuidados com o corpo; saúde mental; lazer; família e apoio em equipe. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que, muitas enfermeiras, principalmente aquelas mais jovens e com menos experiência, apresentam maiores níveis de estresse, podendo dificultar o enfrentamento aos fatores estressores diários no ambiente de trabalho. Para tanto, sugere-se que para minimizar os estressores no ambiente de trabalho de enfermagem oncológica, promover estratégias de enfrentamento ao estresse cientificamente eficientes e, assim, auxiliar na melhora da qualidade de vida desses trabalhadores, foi elaborado um Guia prático de Qualidade de Vida.
ІСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПРАЦІ ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ ДО ПОЗБАВЛЕННЯ ВОЛІ: НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ТА ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Бабак Максим Андрійович
Published: August 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню історико-правових аспектів використання праці засуджених на роботах в Україні та зарубіжних країнах. Автор розглядає еволюцію залучення засуджених до праці та їхній вплив на правову систему і суспільство у цілому. Особливу увагу приділено аналізу нормативно-правової бази, яка визначає умови і способи організації праці засуджених, а також порівнянню українського досвіду із зарубіжною практикою. Досліджено вплив праці засуджених на процес їх подальшої ресоціалізації та виправлення. Автор аналізує, як залучення до праці сприяє економічному добробуту суспільства. Наведено приклади застосування праці засуджених в Україні та зарубіжних країнах. Розглянуто конкретні кейси з практики, що ілюструють як успішні моделі, так і ті, що зазнали невдачі. Це дає змогу висвітлити позитивні та негативні аспекти використання праці засуджених. З’ясовано проблеми залучення засуджених до праці в Україні, серед яких: недостатнє фінансування, відсутність сучасної матеріально-технічної бази, низький рівень професійної підготовки, а також законодавчі та організаційні перешкоди. Стаття є цінним джерелом для науковців, правознавців, працівників пенітенціарної системи та політиків, які зацікавлені в удосконаленні системи виконання покарань та виправлення засуджених через залучення їх до праці.
Волошина В. К. Альтернативне вирішення правових спорів : метод. вказівки до виконання практ. і самост. робіт для здобувачів другого (магістер.) рівня вищої освіти у галузі права 08 «Право», спец. 081 «Право» [Електронне видання]
Authors: Волошина Владлена Костянтинівна ,   Національний університет ", Завтур Віктор Андрійович ,   Одеська юридична академія"
Published: August 2024

Методичні вказівки призначені для здобувачів другого (магістерського) рівня вищої освіти у галузі знань 08 «Право» спеціальність 081 «Право» з метою закріплення лекційного матеріалу та підготовки до практичних занять з дисципліни «Альтернативне вирішення правових спорів». Містять завдання до практичних занять та самостійної роботи
Determinants of Selected NCD Biomarkers of Women in Bangladesh: A Multinomial Logit Analysis Using BDHS Dataset
Authors: Kakoly Israt Jahan , Ishaq Farah , Tasnim Afrida
Published: August 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a significant public health concern in developing countries like Bangladesh, where women face an elevated susceptibility to them due to the confluence of various risk factors. This study delves into the socioeconomic determinants of women’s health focusing on selected NCD biomarkers (Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure measurement), utilizing the 2017-2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). Understanding the complex socioeconomic determinants and dynamics of women’s health in Bangladesh, especially from the NCDs’ perspective, is essential given the critical role that women’s health plays in societal welfare and socioeconomic advancement, particularly in the face of rapid economic growth and demographic shifts. The multinomial logit analysis shows that wealth, age, and women’s education were significant factors in all BMI categories, whereas employment status was significant only in the case of obesity. Being employed as opposed to being unemployed lowered the probability of being in higher BMI categories, whilst age, wealth, and higher education levels raised that likelihood. Age emerged to be a significant predictor of hypertension, with older individuals more likely to be hypertensive. Employment negatively impacted hypertension, while higher wealth slightly increased the likelihood of normal blood pressure. Given that older and wealthier women are predisposed to overweight, obese, and hypertensive, and considering the advantageous impact of employment in reducing hypertension risks, public health policies should focus on age-specific interventions to manage and prevent hypertension and obesity among older women. Moreover, efforts to promote health education and lifestyle modifications among wealthier individuals, enhance workplace wellness programs to leverage the protective effects of employment on health, and increase educational initiatives to raise awareness about healthy living and preventive healthcare are warranted. These targeted strategies can address the socioeconomic determinants of health, improving NCD biomarker outcomes for women across different age groups and economic backgrounds in Bangladesh.
Transferência de função por meio de treino discriminativo e contiguidade temporal entre estímulos
Authors: Martins Filho Alceu ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Piovezan Pedro ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: August 2024

Discriminative training and temporally contiguous stimuli presentation can both produce transfer of functions. The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate whether the temporally contiguous presentation between stimuli or discriminative training would be exclusively responsible for transfer of function. Both procedures were simultaneously presented in a manner that performances produced by each would be the opposite (transfer of function or absence of transfer). Six undergraduates were submitted to three experimental phases. The first phase consisted of a discriminative training. Six compound stimuli were successively presented. Each compound stimulus was formed of A1 presented side-by-side with one of six other unitary stimuli from two different sets of stimuli. The compounds were A1B1, A1C1, A1D1 (Set 1) and A1B2, A1C2, A1D2 (Set 2). Each compound was presented for four seconds separated by an Inter Trial Interval of two seconds. Participant could click with the mouse or not click in the presence of each compound. Responding in the presence of A1B1, A1C1, A1D1 and not responding in the presence of A1B2, A1C2, A1D2 was followed by reinforcement. Not responding in the presence of A1B1, A1C1, A1D1 and responding in the presence of A1B2, A1C2, A1D2 was not followed by programmed consequences. In the second phase, B1 and B2 were successively presented. In the presence of each of these stimuli participant could press “tab” key (response R1) or “enter” key (response R2) from the keyboard. These stimuli remained on the screen until R1 or R2 were emitted. At the end of each trial, R1 and R2 were differentially reinforced in the presence of B1 and B2, respectively. Throughout the training phases, points added to a counter were used as reinforcement. The third phase consisted of transfer of function test in which all unitary stimuli were successively presented and responses R1 and R2 were recorded. No programed consequences were presented in testing phase. The participants reached accurate performances after two to eight training sessions in the first phase and reached accurate performances in the second phase after one or two training sessions. The results on the transfer of function test showed that four out of six participants emitted, systematically, R1 and R2, respectively, in the presence of unitary stimuli from Set 1 and 2. The two other participants emitted R1 and R2, unsystematically, in the presence of all stimuli. These results indicated that for four out of six participants functional classes were established by the discriminative training. Therefore, temporal contiguity is not sufficient to produce transfer of function. These results indicated that discriminative training might have a preponderant role in establishing stimuli classes and transfer of function.
Tác động của chuyển đổi số đến hiệu quả hoạt động của doanh nghiệp sản xuất tại Cần Thơ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Phương Dung , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Tâm , Nguyễn Lê Hoa Hạ , Nguyễn Minh Triết
Published: August 2024

Mục tiêu chính của nghiên cứu là xem xét tác động của chuyển đổi số đến hiệu quả hoạt động của doanh nghiệp sản xuất công nghiệp tại Cần Thơ. Dữ liệu được thu thập thông qua khảo sát 198 doanh nghiệp sản xuất công nghiệp tại Cần Thơ trong giai đoạn 2021–2023. Phương pháp ước lượng bình phương bé nhất (GLS) được sử dụng để kiểm định mối quan hệ của các nhân tố trong mô hình lý thuyết. Kết quả nghiên cứu thực nghiệm đã chỉ ra rằng chuyển đổi số làm tăng hiệu quả kinh doanh của doanh nghiệp một cách rõ rệt. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu cũng nhấn mạnh về vai trò của các yếu tố khác như quy mô, thời gian hoạt động góp phần làm tăng hiệu quả hoạt động. Tuy nhiên, biến đòn bẩy tài chính làm giảm hiệu quả hoạt động của doanh nghiệp sản xuất. Đồng thời, nghiên cứu còn đề xuất hàm ý giúp doanh nghiệp nâng cao hiệu quả trong nền kinh tế số.
Uji Nanoemulsi Ecoenzym Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Anindita Reza , Nathalia Dede Dwi , Beandrade Maya Uzia , Putri Intan Kurnia , Sari Afrinia Eka , Setyodewi Elisabeth
Published: August 2024

Penemuan ecoenzyme sebagai cairan fermentasi dari sampah organik sayuran dan buah-buahan telah dimanfaatkan untuk pupuk organik tanaman, disinfektan, hand sanitizer, sabun antiseptik, dan agen degradasi limbah domestik. Namun uji coba ecoenzym sebagai bahan baku sediaan kesehatan masih belum dilakukan. Melihat hal tersebut maka diperlukan penelitian uji coba kemampuan antibakteri nanoemulsi ecoenzyme terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antibakteri nanoemulsi ecoenzyme terhadap bakteri S.aureus. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Sampel yang digunakan adalah nanoemulsi ecoenzyme dengan Formula 1 (F1) 20%, Formula 2 (F2) 25%, dan Formula 3 (F3) 30%. Cara kerja penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan ecoenzyme, pembuatan nanoemulsi ecoenzyme, uji nanopartikel ecoenzyme, dan pengujian nanoemulsi ecoenezyme terhadap bakteri S. aureus dengan metode Kirby baeur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran nanopartikel ecoenzyme pada F1 20%, F2 25%, dan F3 30% masing-masing sebesar  38,9 nm, 65,07 nm, dan 146,2 nm. Hasil uji kemampuan antibakteri nanoemulsi ecoenzyme F1 20%, F2 25%, dan F3 30% terhadap S. aureus menghasilkan diameter zona hambat masing masing sebesar 4,3 mm (resisten), 4,3 mm (resisten), dan 6,7 mm (resisten). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah sediaan nanoemulsi ecoenzyme belum efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus.
Isolasi Dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Asam Laktat Dari Susu Kuda Bima (Equus sp.) Yang Berpotensi Sebagai Probiotik
Authors: Suryani Elsa Mega , Gaffar Affan
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri asam laktat dari susu kuda yang berpotensi sebagai probiotik.  Identifikasi bakteri meliputi pewarnaan gram, uji aktivitas antimikroba, uji aktivitas hemolitik, uji toleransi terhadap pH dan garam empedu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan isolat C5 yang diisolasi dari sampel susu kuda memiliki potensi sebagai probiotik. Karakterisasi meliputi bentuk bakteri basil, memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap bakteri patogen Escherichia coli ATCC sebesar 0,40 mm, bersifat gamma hemolisis, toleransi terhadap pH 2, 3, 5 dan toleransi terhadap garam empedu 0,4-1%.
Interacción turista-chatbot en destinos turísticos: una revisión exhaustiva
Authors: Condori-Chura Delia , Cayo-Velásquez Noemi , Arizaca-Torreblanca Félix A.
Published: August 2024

La interacción turista-chatbot en destinos turísticos es crucial para la lealtad del turista. Este artículo de revisión sistemática evalúa cómo la calidad y frecuencia de esta interacción influyen en la percepción de utilidad, satisfacción y fidelidad del turista. Se destaca la relevancia de una comunicación eficaz como un factor fundamental para enriquecer la experiencia del turista. y fomentar la fidelidad. El objetivo fue analizar detalladamente esta influencia, centrándose en la percepción del turista. Se empleó un enfoque de revisión sistemática para analizar estudios relevantes en el campo. Se realizaron búsquedas en bases de datos relevantes, como Web of Science, Scopus y Scielo, siguiendo un protocolo exhaustivo y reproducible empleando la metodología PRISMA. Se identificaron limitaciones en la búsqueda y calidad de los estudios, sugiriendo futuras investigaciones con muestras más amplias, estudios longitudinales y consideración de factores contextuales. En conclusión, la calidad de la interacción entre turistas y chatbots es fundamental para potenciar la experiencia turística y la fidelización de los visitantes en destinos turísticos, destacando la importancia de mejorar estas interacciones para elevar tanto la percepción sobre el destino como la satisfacción del usuario.
Perkembangan Tana Toraja Menuju Daerah Wisata Religi 1970an-2013
Authors: Ilmi A. Fadhilah Utami
Published: August 2024

Tana toraja merupakan salah satu daerah dengan mayoritas memeluk agama Kristen terbesar di Sulawesi Selatan. Agama Kristen masuk tahun 1913 dan berkembang bersamaan dengan kepercayaan lokal seperti aluk to dolo hingga berkembang seperti sekarang ini. Sejak tahun 1970an Toraja telah berkembang menjadi sebuah daerah wisata etnik atau agro wisata yang banyak dikenal tidak hanya di dalam negeri tetapi hingga mancanegara. Bersamaan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana proses berkembang dan bertahannya Tana Toraja sebagai sebuah daerah wisata etnik menjadi daerah wisata religi ditengah dominasi agama Kristen, adat dan budaya leluhur yang mereka pertahankan serta laksanakan. Untuk mengkaji tulisan ini, penulis menggunakan metode kajian literatur dengan sumber sekunder berupa buku-buku, essai atau jurnal yang berkaitan dengan judul atau tema. Selain itu penggunaan Teknik meta-analisis digunakan dalam menganalisis kembali sumber primer yang di dapatkan sehingga penulis dapat menghubngkan variable yang ada dengan lebih baik. Metode sejarah seperti heuristik, verifikasi sumber dan interpretasi juga digunakan dalam tulisan ini. Dari penelitian ini penulis mendapatkan kesimpulan bahwa kunjungan wisata adat yang mulai berkembang sejak tahun 1970an yang dilakukan oleh para wisatawan tersirat wisata religi. Hal ini berdasarkan dari pariwisata yang ditawarkan oleh Tana Toraja seperti rumah adat, makam dan acara adat. Kunjungan para wisatawan ke Tana Toraja dengan tujuan untuk menikmati wisata adat seperti rumah Tongkonan yang merupakan rumah adat masyaratat Tana Toraja, kuburan batu hingga menghadiri upacara Rambu Solo merupakan bagian dari agama asli atau agama lokal yang dianut oleh masyarakat Tana Toraja. Agama lokal tersebut yaitu, Aluk Todolo. Disamping agama lokal, agama samawi seperti Kristen yang menjadi agama mayoritas juga memberikan pandangan bahwa Taa Toraja sarat akan wisata religi. Hingga pada tahun 2015 telah diresmikan patung Yesus Kristus yang terletak Buntu Bunake dan pembangunan patung tersebut menambah khasanah wisata religi di Tana Toraja.
Colours, Sounds, Rivers: Descriptive Terms and Informational Priority in Hobongan
Authors: Perkins Marla
Published: August 2024

In this report on descriptors in Hobongan, an Austronesian language spoken by approximately two thousand people on the island of Borneo, I provide the available expressions and note that the expressions are rarely used. The study is theoretically backed by Nexus Theory (Perkins, 2019), a linguistic approach to analysing elements of language in context. Sensory descriptors occur primarily to distinguish unique entities from broader categories, emphasising observed phenomena more than the sensory methods of observation. These patterns of description correlate with the predominantly oral nature of Hobongan currently (Ong, 2003) and with the emphasis on locational and navigational information in narrative discourses (Perkins, 2017). I therefore hypothesise that descriptive expressions, including colour expressions, can be indicators of linguistic-cultural priorities.
The Euler product equal to the Riemann zeta function is false
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: August 2024

The author of this article disproves the Euler product equal to the Riemann zeta function that was proved by the earlier mathematicians.
A multiparametric analysis including single-cell and subcellular feature assessment reveals differential behavior of spheroid cultures on distinct ultra-low attachment plate types
Authors: Vitacolonna Mario , Bruch Roman , Agaçi Ane , Nürnberg Elina , Cesetti Tiziana , Keller Florian , Padovani Francesco , Sauer Simeon , Schmoller Kurt M. , Reischl Markus , Hafner Mathias , Rudolf Rüdiger
Published: August 2024

Spheroids have become principal three-dimensional models to study cancer, developmental processes, and drug efficacy. Single-cell analysis techniques have emerged as ideal tools to gauge the complexity of cellular responses in these models. However, the single-cell quantitative assessment based on 3D-microscopic data of the subcellular distribution of fluorescence markers, such as the nuclear/cytoplasm ratio of transcription factors, has largely remained elusive. For spheroid generation, ultra-low attachment plates are noteworthy due to their simplicity, compatibility with automation, and experimental and commercial accessibility. However, it is unknown whether and to what degree the plate type impacts spheroid formation and biology. This study developed a novel AI-based pipeline for the analysis of 3D-confocal data of optically cleared large spheroids at the wholemount, single-cell, and sub-cellular levels. To identify relevant samples for the pipeline, automated brightfield microscopy was employed to systematically compare the size and eccentricity of spheroids formed in six different plate types using four distinct human cell lines. This showed that all plate types exhibited similar spheroid-forming capabilities and the gross patterns of growth or shrinkage during 4 days after seeding were comparable. Yet, size and eccentricity varied systematically among specific cell lines and plate types. Based on this prescreen, spheroids of HaCaT keratinocytes and HT-29 cancer cells were further assessed. In HaCaT spheroids, the in-depth analysis revealed a correlation between spheroid size, cell proliferation, and the nuclear/cytoplasm ratio of the transcriptional coactivator, YAP1, as well as an inverse correlation with respect to cell differentiation. These findings, yielded with a spheroid model and at a single-cell level, corroborate earlier concepts of the role of YAP1 in cell proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes in human skin. Further, the results show that the plate type may influence the outcome of experimental campaigns and that it is advisable to scan different plate types for the optimal configuration during a specific investigation.
Finite element analysis of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques: A comparison of the mechanical properties of all-inside fixation and traditional fixation
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , Xue Changguo , Li Kuanxin , Mu Kecheng , Yao Cheng , Wang Zhiyan , Chen Hongzhi , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2024

Objective

The main purpose of this study was to explore the mechanical properties of the anterior cruciate ligament and its attachments following reconstruction with the all-inside technique after anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Methods

Knee joint computed tomography data were collected from healthy volunteers, and knee joint models were created using Mimics software. A normal knee joint model, an all-inside reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model, and a traditional reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model were established. A tensile force of 134 N and a bending moment of 5 N/m were applied at the anterior aspect of the proximal tibia in these three models. The knee joint was subjected to external rotation, internal rotation, varus, valgus, flexion, and extension under this bending moment. The magnitude and distribution of stress on the ligament or graft and the magnitude and distribution of stress on the graft attachments were observed under different loading conditions.

Results

Under different external forces, the maximum stress on the ligament in the normal model fluctuated from 1.949 to 18.302 MPa, with an uncertain distribution of maximum stress. The maximum stress on the graft in the all-inside reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model fluctuated from 0.705 to 3.465 MPa and was mainly distributed at the junction of the graft and the tibial footprint. In the traditional reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model, the maximum stress on the graft fluctuated from 5.012 to 59.269 MPa and was primarily distributed at the junction of the interference screw and the graft. The concentration of stress on the loop and plate in the all-inside reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model fluctuated from 70.461 to 346.363 MPa, with maximum stress distributed at the junction of the loop and the tibial surface. The maximum stress on the interference screw in the traditional reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament model fluctuated from 10.184 to 92.298 MPa, with maximum stress primarily distributed at the end of the interference screw.

Conclusion

Under different external forces, the graft used in all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is subjected to fewer external forces than that used in traditional anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which may indicate a relatively stable mechanical environment. The strength of the loop and plate can theoretically tolerate daily knee joint movements of patients without injury.
Based on mutated aptamer-smartphone colorimetric detection of metronidazole in milk
Authors: Zhang Sicheng , Qin Yadi , Yuan Jie , Wang Yu , Yao Jun , Zhang Minwei
Published: August 2024

Excessive residue of metronidazole (MNZ) in food is harmful to the human body. There is an urgent demand to develop a portable tool for MNZ detection on-site. In this study, fifteen aptamers were prepared through targeted base mutation. Apt1-3 with the highest enrichment was chosen for further study. Its affinity was characterized by molecular docking simulation, AuNPs colorimetric assay, graphene oxide (GO) fluorescence assay, and exonuclease assay. Kd was determined by GO fluorescence assay (Kd: 92.60 ± 25.59 nM). Its specificity was also characterized by an exonuclease assay. A novel aptasensor was constructed by using the newly identified aptamer combined with the smartphone dark box. The principle of color change is caused by the aggregation state of AuNPs. Smartphones act as reading instruments. The detection can be completed in just a few seconds without the aid of instruments, achieving a detection limit of 0.15 nmol/mL and a range of 6.7–44.4 nmol/mL (R2 = 0.9810). Therefore, the constructed smartphone colorimetric sensor based on mutant aptamers has important applications in food detection.
Liquid biopsy for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of melanoma
Authors: Slusher Nicholas , Jones Nicholas , Nonaka Taichiro
Published: August 2024

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, and the majority of cases are associated with chronic or intermittent sun exposure. The incidence of melanoma has grown exponentially over the last 50 years, especially in populations of fairer skin, at lower altitudes and in geriatric populations. The gold standard for diagnosis of melanoma is performing an excisional biopsy with full resection or an incisional tissue biopsy. However, due to their invasiveness, conventional biopsy techniques are not suitable for continuous disease monitoring. Utilization of liquid biopsy techniques represent substantial promise in early detection of melanoma. Through this procedure, tumor-specific components shed into circulation can be analyzed for not only diagnosis but also treatment selection and risk assessment. Additionally, liquid biopsy is significantly less invasive than tissue biopsy and offers a novel way to monitor the treatment response and disease relapse, predicting metastasis.
Investigating the role of verbal cues on learning of tool-use actions in 18- and 24-month-olds in an online looking time experiment
Authors: Trouillet Léonie , Bothe Ricarda , Mani Nivedita , Elsner Birgit
Published: August 2024

This study was an unmoderated online experiment to investigate the impact of the semantic content of verbal cues on toddlers' action learning. 18- and 24-month-olds (N = 89) watched videos of two tool-use actions accompanied by specific (“pressing in/pulling out”) or unspecific information (“doing that”). Learning was measured via looking times coded from webcam recordings. Regardless of age and verbal cue, toddlers looked equally long to test pictures of correct or incorrect tool-use, suggesting that meaningful verbal information did not improve the challenging video-based action learning. However, low drop-out rates and high webcam data quality confirm the feasibility of online experiments with toddlers.
Knowledge brokering pivotal in professional learning: quality use of research contributes to teacher-leaders’ confidence
Authors: Friesen Sharon , Brown Barbara
Published: August 2024

Educational networks and knowledge brokering play a critical function in supporting educators to keep abreast of scholarly literature and contemporary research that inform practice and policy in schools and districts. In this article, we leverage a quality use of research-evidence framework within a design-based study to elucidate the pivotal role of knowledge brokering in how teacher leaders utilized research during their participation in a professional learning series. In a survey administered to K-9 teacher leaders in Western Canada at the end of a year-long professional learning series, participants (n = 374/500) provided their reflections about how the series supported their learning. The analysis revealed developments across individual, organizational, and system-level components. A significant contribution of this study is that meaningfully integrated research evidence in professional learning can support teacher leaders’ individual confidence in practice, confidence in collaboration at the school level, confidence in leading professional conversations at the organizational level, and confidence in staying updated with educational research at the system level fostering a culture of support and continuous improvement. Knowledge brokering is a pivotal function of relational professional learning networks and when embedded in design-based professional learning for teacher leaders, this powerful combination can contribute to quality research use and can serve to strengthen the theory-to-practice connections in educational contexts.
Prognostic implications of thyroid hormones in acute aortic dissection: mediating roles of renal function and coagulation
Authors: Shen Xuejun , Wu Shiwan , Yan Jingyi , Yan Hongle , Zhou Shuyi , Weng Huozhen , Yang Shengli , Li Weiping
Published: August 2024

Background

Thyroid hormones significantly influence cardiovascular pathophysiology, yet their prognostic role in acute aortic dissection (AAD) remains inadequately explored. This study assesses the prognostic value of thyroid hormone levels in AAD, focusing on the mediating roles of renal function and coagulation.

Methods

We included 964 AAD patients in this retrospective cohort study. Utilizing logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and causal mediation analysis, we investigated the association between thyroid hormones and in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).

Results

In AAD patients overall, an increase of one standard deviation in FT4 levels was associated with a 31.9% increased risk of MACEs (OR 1.319; 95% CI 1.098–1.584) and a 36.1% increase in in-hospital mortality (OR 1.361; 95% CI 1.095–1.690). Conversely, a higher FT3/FT4 ratio was correlated with a 20.2% reduction in risk of MACEs (OR 0.798; 95% CI 0.637–0.999). This correlation was statistically significant predominantly in Type A AAD, while it did not hold statistical significance in Type B AAD. Key renal and coagulation biomarkers, including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cystatin C, prothrombin time ratio, prothrombin time, and prothrombin time international normalized ratio, were identified as significant mediators in the interplay between thyroid hormones and MACEs. The FT3/FT4 ratio exerted its prognostic influence primarily through the mediation of renal functions and coagulation, while FT4 levels predominantly impacted outcomes via a partial mediation effect on coagulation.

Conclusion

FT4 levels and the FT3/FT4 ratio are crucial prognostic biomarkers in AAD patients. Renal function and coagulation mediate the association between the thyroid hormones and MACEs.
Power plant units for CO2 neutral energy security in Switzerland
Authors: Züttel Andreas , Nützenadel Christoph , Schlapbach Louis , Gilgen Paul W.
Published: August 2024

Graphical Abstract

Future supply of Switzerland with renewable energy. Assuming the volume of the hydroelectric storage lakes is doubled, the roof area is covered with photovoltaics, and eight power plant units are able to produce 1 GW on demand and are fueled with hydrogen or bio-oil. The reserves are the existing oil tanks, and the bio-oil is also used for aviation. Bio-oil can be produced in abundant places, e.g., Australia or Africa, where palm oil plantations are installed.
Is carbon trading working for construction companies green development ? Evidence from listed Chinese companies
Authors: Tian Jinzhao , Liu Yisheng , Lan Mengru
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of China’s carbon emission trading (CET) framework on the green development of the construction sector, a topic that has been underexplored. Utilizing annual data from 107 publicly listed construction companies from 2007 to 2022, we apply green total factor productivity (GTFP) as a metric for green development. Our findings reveal that GTFP increased by 0.36 during this period. Using the Difference-in-Differences (DID) methodology, we account for factors such as market dimensions, ownership structure, financial stability, geographical location, and state financial aid. The interaction term coefficient in our model is 0.0089, significant at the 1% level, indicating that CET implementation has significantly improved GTFP in construction enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that the CET’s impact is more pronounced in large-scale, state-owned, highly indebted enterprises, those located in the eastern region, and those receiving government subsidies, with coefficients of 0.112, 0.0108, 0.0092, 0.0133, and 0.0099, respectively, all significant at the 1% level. These results underscore the importance of unified market development and tailored governance strategies. The study concludes with policy recommendations and calls for further research to explore CET’s nuanced impacts across different sectors and regions.
Regional tidal modeling on the European coast using tide gauges and satellite altimetry
Authors: Ansari Kutubuddin , Walo Janusz , Wezka Kinga , Biswas Mery , Mukherjee Soumyajit
Published: August 2024

The study investigates sea-level measurements along the coastal area of Europe for the 60-year (1961–2020) time span. Linear and quadratic modeling of tide gauge measurements showed an almost positive rate of trend of sea-level rise (0.09 to 3.6 mm/yr) and low acceleration (−0.05 to 0.40 mm/yr2). A least-squares harmonic estimation tidal modeling was carried out to estimate frequency (cycles per day) for a certain period. The smaller and higher tidal frequencies of these stations indicate their stability in terms of their surface variation. We used the 1993–2020 satellite altimetry data from the nearest grid points of the tide gauge station. The correlation coefficient between observed and satellite altimetry (lowest 0.53 and highest 0.93) varies at each station. This happens because of many factors that can affect the large difference in the sea-level trend between the satellite-derived and tide gauge results. Finally, to implement a global reference system for physical heights, the offshore topographic slope direction and slope range with contour spacing from the sea to the associated coastline were analyzed using bathymetry data. The abrupt change in slope from the coastline toward the sea can be seen toward the east, west, and southeast on the European coast. This is also an important factor that affects the variation of sea level.
Fluid-structure interaction of flexible collectors affects particle capture efficiency at ecologically relevant collector Reynolds numbers
Authors: Sewak Kyle , Hassan Marwan , Ackerman Josef D.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The capture of suspended particles, which is an important process in many aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, has been modeled using stationary rigid collectors and, more recently those that move in response to flow-induced vibrations. These models do not, however, account for collector flexibility, despite the fact that many biological collectors, especially aquatic collectors, exhibit flexibility.

Methods: This study examined the effect of collector flexibility (indicated by the Young’s Modulus, E; range = 10–3–102 GPa) on particle capture efficiency (η; flux of captured particles: flux of particles) at different collector Reynolds numbers (Rec where the collector diameter [dc] is the length scale; range = 30–508) in a recirculating flow chamber.

Results: Patterns in η were generally similar for flexible and rigid collectors until moderate Rec (∼374) when higher η were observed on the most flexible collectors. This threshold corresponded to periods of vortex induced motions in which the oscillation frequency of the collector transverse to the flow direction was >4 Hz and the maximum amplitude of the oscillation relative to dc was >60% in the transverse and >100% in the longitudinal direction.

Discussion: Given the range in E examined in this study, it is likely that particle capture on flexible natural collectors has been underestimated using the standard model of a rigid stationary or oscillating collector. The role of collector flexibility should be considered in models and studies of particle capture in natural systems.
Anti-Agrobacterium tumefactions sesquiterpene derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma effusum
Authors: Liu Yunfeng , Qi Lu , Xu Minghui , Li Wanyun , Liu Na , He Xueli , Zhang Yuxing
Published: August 2024

Agrobacterium tumefaciens can harm various fruit trees, leading to significant economic losses in agricultural production. It is urgent to develop new pesticides to effectively treat this bacterial disease. In this study, four new sesquiterpene derivatives, trichoderenes A−D (1–4), along with six known compounds (5–10), were obtained from the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma effusum. The structures of 1–4 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, and the calculated ECD, ORD, and NMR methods. Structurally, the hydrogen bond formed between the 1-OH group and the methoxy group enabled 1 to adopt a structure resembling that of resorcylic acid lactones, thereby producing the ECD cotton effect. Compound 3 represents the first example of C12 nor-sesquiterpene skeleton. Compounds 1–10 were tested for their antimicrobial activity against A. tumefactions. Among them, compounds 1–3 and 8–10 exhibited inhibitory activity against A. tumefactions with MIC values of 3.1, 12.5, 12.5, 6.2, 25.0, and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively.
The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Authors: Yin Xiangyun , Xu Shimin , Zhang Xuefei , Li Liangliang , Xi Hongmin , Ma Lili , Sun Mengya , Yang Ping , Li Xianghong , Jiang Hong
Published: August 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants one month after birth.

Methods

Preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2017 to 2022 were divided into ROP and non-ROP groups based on ROP occurrence any stage. Serum 25(OH)D levels and clinical data were compared between the two groups at 1 month after birth, and the relationship between vitamin D levels and ROP was analyzed.

Results

Among the 217 premature infants included, 55 (25.35%) were in the ROP group, and 162 (74.65%) were in the non-ROP group. The ROP group had lower gestational age and birth weight, longer invasive ventilation (IV), non-invasive ventilation (NIV), and oxygen therapy times compared to the non-ROP group. Apgar scores, cesarean delivery, and antenatal steroids ratios were lower in the ROP group, while sepsis and pulmonary surfactant utilization ratios were higher (all p < 0.05). Significant differences in serum 25-(OH)D levels were observed among children in the non-ROP group (14.20 ± 5.07 ng/ml), ROP treated group (7.891 ± 1.878 ng/ml), and untreated group (12.168 ± 4.354 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis identified antenatal steroids as protective factors and lower birth weight, serum 25-(OH)D levels, long-term invasive mechanical ventilation, and sepsis as independent risk factors for ROP in premature infants.

Conclusion

Vitamin D, lower birth weight, long-term invasive mechanical ventilation, and sepsis were associated with incidence of ROP in preterm infants. Vitamin D was associated with the severity of ROP, emphasizing the importance of prudent vitamin D supplementation and regular monitoring of serum 25-(OH)D levels.