bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for Failed Type II SLAP Repair
Authors: Gupta Anil K. , Bruce Benjamin , Klosterman Emma L. , McCormick Frank , Harris Joshua , Romeo Anthony A.
Published: June 2013

Superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions are a common cause of shoulder pain. The diagnosis, classification, and indications for surgical intervention remain controversial, and mixed outcomes are associated with primary repair. Given the increasing prevalence of primary superior labrum anterior-posterior repairs in the United States, more surgeons will need to treat patients with poor primary results. A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed on patients who underwent subpectoral biceps tenodesis for failed type II superior labrum anterior-posterior repair by a single surgeon between January 2008 and December 2011. Primary outcome variables included pain via the visual analog scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and Short Form 12 score. Secondary outcome variables included the Simple Shoulder Test and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation scores. Demographic and intraoperative information was recorded for each patient. A paired
t
test statistical analysis was performed with a
P
value less than .05 considered statistically significant.

A total of 11 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 9 (82%) completed postoperative surveys at a mean 26-month follow-up. Mean visual analog scale scores improved from 4.1 to 2.5 (
P
=.03), Simple Shoulder Test scores from 5.4 to 9.3 (
P
=.005), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores from 54.5 to 78.0 (
P
=.002), and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation scores from 42.5 to 70.4 (
P
=.001). Mean SF-12 (physical component) improved from 35.5 to 47.9 (
P
=.018). No failures or peri- or postoperative complications occurred. No patients required additional surgery. The findings suggest that subpectoral biceps tenodesis as a salvage for failed type II superior labrum anterior-posterior repair demonstrates improved results. Larger scale comparative studies are required to justify this technique.
Complications in Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Fixation of Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Fractures
Authors: Cappuccio Michele , Amendola Luca , Paderni Stefania , Bosco Giuseppe , Scimeca Giovanbattista , Mirabile Loris , Gasbarrini Alessandro , De Lure Federico
Published: June 2013

Minimally invasive stabilization of thoracic and lumbar fractures without neurologic involvement is becoming a more frequent alternative to open fusion and conservative treatment.

The authors analyzed the complication rate and limits of this technique in a consecutive series of 99 patients (127 thoracolumbar vertebral fractures) who underwent this technique between May 2005 and November 2009. Eighty-three patients had only spine injuries, whereas 16 had polytrauma injuries (mean Injury Severity Score, 25.2). In these 16 patients, percutaneous fixation was performed as a damage control procedure. The most frequent construct was monosegmental: 1 level above and 1 level below the fractured vertebra. In the remaining 21 patients, multilevel construction was performed for multiple injuries. Complications were analyzed according to the period of onset (intra- and postoperative) and the severity (major and minor). Twelve (12%) complications were recorded: 4 (4%) were intraoperative, 6 (6%) were early postoperative, and 2 (2%) were late postoperative; 4 (4%) were minor and 8 (8%) were major. Mean follow-up was 52 months (range; 36–90 months). All patients except 1 were considered healed after 6-month follow-up. The failed patient had an initial kyphosis greater than 20°, and a posterior open reduction and fusion would have been more appropriate.

Minimally invasive stabilization of selected spine injuries is a safe technique with a low complication rate. The main goal of this approach is a fast recovery time, so any complication leading to an extended length of stay should be considered severe. An adequate learning curve is important to minimize complications.
Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Pediatric Orthopedic Population
Authors: Tancevski Aleksandar , Bono Kenneth , Willis Leisel , Klingele Kevin
Published: June 2013

Few studies have analyzed necrotizing fasciitis in children, and all have relied on cases of necrotizing fasciitis in the abdomen, head, and neck region. The authors sought to correlate the preoperative values of several laboratory tests previously validated in the adult literature, such as the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis, with surgically confirmed necrotizing fasciitis in children to provide clinical guidance for the preoperative laboratory workup of necrotizing fasciitis.

A retrospective chart review was performed on consecutive patients younger than 18 years with a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. A total of 13 patients with an average age of 7.9 years (range, 9 months-16 years) were included. Ten (76.9%) infections were found in the lower extremity and 3 (23.1%) in the upper extremity. Seven (53.8%) patients had ecchymosis on examination. All patients presented with an elevated white blood cell count. No amputations were performed, and no mortality occurred. All patients underwent surgery within 24 hours of presentation.

Elevated temperature, white blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein values are typically seen in pediatric patients with necrotizing fasciitis; however, no correlation existed between other the preoperative laboratory values with the previously described scoring systems, such as the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis. Aggressive monitoring of signs and symptoms is suggested, even if a patient does not meet all conventional diagnostic criteria. The authors recommend prompt surgical debridement and early administration of antibiotics, which should include clindamycin.
Results With 98 Endo-Modell Rotating Hinge Prostheses for Primary Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bistolfi Alessandro , Lustig Sebastien , Rosso Federica , Dalmasso Paola , Crova Maurizio , Massazza Giuseppe
Published: June 2013

Rotating hinge knee prostheses have been developed as an advancement of the fixed hinge models. Some authors suggest that this type of prosthesis is associated with a greater risk of aseptic loosening because of the increased stresses to the bone-prosthesis interface; therefore, they are scarcely used as primary implants. The current authors evaluated of a series of 98 rotating hinge knee arthroplasties Endo-Modell (Waldemar LINK GmbH and Co, Hamburg, Germany) implanted for knee osteoarthritis.

The Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score and the Knee Society Score were used for the clinical and radiographic evaluation. Log-rank or Wilcoxon tests were used to test the statistical significances, and the Kaplan-Maier method was used to calculate the implant survival probability. After a medium follow-up of approximately 174 months, the clinical scores showed a statistically significant improvement from the pre- to postoperative period. The complication rate was high, and the cumulative implants survival rate was 88.7% at 1 year, 85.9% at 5 years, 79.8% at 10 years, and 75.8% at 15 years. The Endo-Modell rotating hinge implants demonstrated no significant risk of aseptic loosening, and the hinge was not a primary cause of failure. However, the overall failure rate was higher than that of unhinged implants; therefore, this prosthesis is recommended for cases of instability and revision rather than primary knee arthroplasty.
One-year Mortality After Isolated Pelvic Fractures with Posterior Ring Involvement in Elderly Patients
Authors: Bible Jesse E. , Kadakia Rishin J. , Wegner Adam , Richards Justin E. , Mir Hassan R.
Published: June 2013

Previous 1-year mortality studies of pelvic fractures in elderly patients have focused on pubic rami fractures, in elderly patients with multiple injuries, or both. Baseline information on the 1-year mortality of isolated pelvic fractures in elderly patients is unavailable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 1-year mortality of elderly patients (aged 60 years or older) after isolated pelvic fractures with posterior ring involvement (Orthopaedic Trauma Association type 61-B and C).

All patients aged 60 years or older treated for pelvic injuries at a single Level I trauma center over a 12-year period were retrospectively reviewed (N=1223). Exclusion criteria were associated injuries to other body systems (Abbreviated Injury Scale greater than 2), ballistic injuries, long bone fractures, concurrent acetabular fractures, and type 61-A fractures or isolated pubic rami fractures without posterior involvement. Mortality data were obtained from the Social Security Death Index. Seventy patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients treated nonoperatively were significantly older compared with those treated operatively. However, the Charlson Comorbidity Index did not significantly differ between treatment groups. A significantly higher percentage of type-B fractures (83.0%) were treated nonoperatively compared with type-C fractures, which were treated operatively 88.2% of the time. Mortality rates at 3 and 6 months and 1 year postoperatively were 7.1%, 11.4%, and 12.9%, respectively. These results suggest that the 1-year mortality rates of isolated pelvic fractures in elderly patients are lower than those reported previously for hip fractures and pelvic fractures with concurrent injuries. Although age was identified as a significant variable differing between patients treated operatively vs nonoperatively, comorbidities were not.
Emergent Surgical Reduction and Fixation for Pipkin Type I Femoral Fractures
Authors: Lin Dasheng , Lian Kejian , Chen Zhiwen , Wang Lei , Hao Jianming , Zhang Huantang
Published: June 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of timing of large fragment fixation in patients with Pipkin type-I fractures. Patients with Pipkin type-I fractures from the authors’ trauma center were prospectively observed between July 2007 and July 2010. Fragments that constituted more than one-fourth of the femoral head were included. Thirty-six patients were equally randomized to undergo emergent surgical reduction and fixation or secondary operative fixation after emergent closed reduction.

No significant differences existed between the 2 groups with regard to the baseline characteristics, operating time, and blood loss (
P
>.05). However, the emergent surgical reduction and fixation group had a shorter hospital stay (
P
<.05). The results after more than 2-year follow-up showed that the complication and avascular necrosis rates were higher in the secondary operative fixation after emergent closed reduction group compared with the emergent surgical reduction and fixation group (
P
<.05).

It was difficult to achieve an anatomically reduced femoral head when the fragments constituted more than one-fourth of the femoral head. Patients who underwent secondary operative fixation after emergent closed reduction had a high avascular necrosis rate and a relatively poor outcome. Emergent surgical reduction and fixation should be performed shortly after injury to enhance the treatment outcome.
Precontoured Locking Plate Fixation for Displaced Lateral Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Lee Sang Ki , Lee Jae Won , Song Dae Geon , Choy Won Sik
Published: June 2013

Displaced fractures of the lateral end of the clavicle are associated with an increased risk of nonunion with conservative treatment; therefore, operative treatment is recommended. Various operative treatments have been suggested, but no consensus exists regarding a gold standard for the surgical treatment of this type of fracture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes using a precontoured locking compressive distal clavicular plate for Neer type II distal clavicle fractures.

Thirty-five patients with Neer type II distal clavicle fractures underwent surgery between March 2009 and January 2012. All patients were evaluated for function using the Constant-Murley Shoulder Outcome Score and University of California, Los Angeles shoulder rating scale, active shoulder range of motion, time to bone union, and coracoclavicular distance. Mean follow-up was 24.2 months (range, 12–35 months). No significant difference existed between the injured and contralateral sides in mean Constant-Murley scores (
P
=.13) or mean University of California, Los Angeles shoulder rating
(P
=.27). All patients obtained bony union over a mean of 4.1 months (range, 3.5–6.0 months).The coracoclavicular distance was not significantly different between the injured and contralateral shoulders in the immediate postoperative period (
P
=.28) or at final follow-up (
P
=.35). One superficial wound infection occurred, but no major complications, such as nonunion, plate failure, secondary fracture, or deep infection, occurred.

Precontoured locking compressive distal clavicular plate fixation for the treatment of displaced fractures of the lateral end of the clavicle is an acceptable surgical method with good results.
Reunderstanding of Garden Type I Femoral Neck Fractures by 3-dimensional Reconstruction
Authors: Du Chang-ling , Ma Xin-long , Zhang Tao , Zhang Hua-feng , Wang Chen-guang , Zhao Feng , Ma Jian-xiong , Fu Xin , Li Zhi-jun
Published: June 2013

Garden type I fractures include incomplete fractures and impacted fractures. With advances in scientific technology and medical treatment, certain deficiencies of the Garden classification have become apparent. The authors hypothesized that the incidence of incomplete femoral neck fractures was low and that impacted femoral neck fractures were not undisplaced and stable fractures. A new method was developed to precisely measure the spatial displacement of the femoral head in impacted femoral neck fractures. Between 2008 and 2011, nine hundred sixty-six patients with femoral neck fractures were treated, 48 of whom had Garden type I fractures, as seen on anteroposterior radiographs. Seven fractures were classified as incomplete on radiographs; however, after 3-dimensional reconstruction, 3 were classified as incomplete and 4 as complete fractures. Furthermore, the remaining 41 Garden I fractures that were classified as impacted on radiographs showed large spatial displacement on 3-dimensional reconstruction. The average rotational displacement of the femoral head was 19.29°±10.51°, and the average displacements of the femoral head center and the lowest point of the fovea capitis were 8.76±4.45 and 14.39±8.08 mm, respectively. This study showed that the incidence of incomplete femoral neck fractures was low. Impacted femoral neck fractures showed variable degrees of displacement and were not undisplaced, stable fractures. Garden classification for impacted femoral neck fractures has certain limitations. Impacted femoral neck fractures should be differentiated from Garden type I fractures so clinicians can select appropriate treatments for these fractures.
Factors Influencing Resident Participation in the AAOS Political Action Committee
Authors: Shah Roshan P. , Froelich John M. , Weinstein Stuart L. , Mehta Samir
Published: June 2013

Resident participation in the Political Action Committee (PAC) is important for professional advocacy and for ensuring access to quality musculoskeletal care. The following questions were asked: Would faculty contribution-matching increase donation rates and amounts among orthopedic surgery residents at a single institution? What barriers do residents self-identify that prevent or delay PAC participation? How do residents perceive a faculty contribution-matching program? Residents at 1 institution were encouraged to participate in the PAC before and after the introduction of a faculty contribution-matching program. In addition, telephone follow-up was performed and resident perceptions were assessed regarding the program and barriers to participation. Rates of participation, amounts donated, and perceptions are reported. Resident participation in the PAC increased from 10% to 95% following the introduction of a faculty contribution-matching program. The second group of residents contributed 67 cents for every dollar given by the first group. Significant barriers identified included time constraints and an inability to access the PAC Web portal. Ninety-four percent of the initial nonresponders said that they made joining the PAC a priority after learning about the faculty contribution-matching program. They specifically cite giving greater attention to an issue that the faculty value. Four months after the initial e-mail, 100% of residents had contributed. Residents believe that professional activism is important but ascribe it a lower priority than other professional duties. Residency programs might facilitate resident involvement in the PAC by instituting faculty contribution-matching and by assisting junior residents with their American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons login information.
Anterior Versus Posterior Fixation for the Treatment of Lumbar Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis
Authors: Si Meng , Yang Zhi-ping , Li Zhen-feng , Yang Qiang , Li Jian-min
Published: June 2013

This study was designed to observe the clinical outcome of anterior versus posterior instrumentation in the treatment of Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis of the lumbar spine.

Twenty-three patients underwent either anterior (anterior fixation group) or posterior fixation (posterior fixation group) combined with a single-stage anterior radical debridement and had an average follow-up of 38 months. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale. Serial tests of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels were used to monitor for infection recurrence. Radiography was performed pre- and postoperatively to assess the deformity correction and for bony fusion. Serial erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels reflect the active state of infection and can guide postoperative treatment. Patients in the anterior fixation group showed significantly better results on the Oswestry Disability Index than those in the posterior fixation group 2 years postoperatively. The visual analog scale values demonstrated a significant difference between the 2 groups at 1 and 2 years postoperatively, with pain significantly improved in the anterior fixation group. Radiological results showed no significant difference in fusion time, deformity correction, and cage subsidence.

Both anterior and posterior fixation had satisfactory outcomes and were reliable and safe for the treatment of Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis of the lumbar spine. Patients with anterior fixation may achieve better postoperative results, such as better well being and less pain.
Successful Treatment of Concomitant Ipsilateral Intracapsular and Extracapsular Hip Fractures
Authors: Taniguchi Daigo , Fujiwara Hiroyoshi , Kobashi Hiroaki , Mori Gen , Yoshida Takashi , Oda Ryo , Kubo Toshikazu
Published: June 2013

Femoral neck fractures and intertrochanteric fractures often occur in elderly patients, but simultaneous ipsilateral intra- and extracapsular hip fractures are rare. Either osteosynthesis or femoral head prosthesis is performed, but careful rehabilitation is necessary because of the instability of the fracture, even postoperatively.

This article describes a 76-year-old man who fell and sustained concomitant ipsilateral intra- and extracapsular hip fractures. The patient was treated with a femoral head prosthesis with a polished cemented stem combined with locking plate osteosynthesis. Weight-bearing gait was possible 1 day postoperatively, and bone union was achieved at postoperative week 8. The locking plate had excellent angular stability, even when the screw fixation was monocortical, leading to a reduced risk of intraoperative redislocation without disturbing stem insertion.

Sufficient fixation was obtained as a result of the molding effect of the cement stem and the tension band function of the plate. These effects collectively made it possible to achieve full weight-bearing gait immediately postoperatively. Although the intramedullary blood circulation was disturbed by the cement, periosteal blood circulation was retained by the virtue of the locking plate, which facilitated early bone union.
Dreams as Communication Method between the Living and the Dead. Ethnographic Case Study from Slovakia
Authors: Kiliánová Gabriela
Published: June 2013

The paper discusses dream narratives concerning deceased persons who were close to narrators. The author argues that the attitudes towards this type of dream narratives are specific in traditional as well as in modern society: such dreams are often interpreted as communication method between the worlds of living and dead people who need each other. The paper focuses on a local community in Western Slovakia and deals with the following questions: (1) to what degree has dream experience been integrated in public life of the local community and what are the conditions of this integration; (2) how the dream narration is treated in the private and public discourse; and (3) what are the interpretations of the dreams. The author is interested in the changes of interpretations of the dreams that have currently occurred as a result of postsocialist transformation processes after 1989.
***
V prispevku so obravnavane sanjske pripovedi o pokojnih, ki so bili blizu pripovedovalcem. Avtorica meni, da so odnosi do takšnih sanjskih pripovedi posebni v tradicionalni in sodobni družbi: sanje so pogosto interpretirane kot metoda komunikacije med svetovoma živih in pokojnih, ki potrebujejo drugi druge. Članek se osredinja na lokalno skupnost na zahodnem Slovaškem in obravnava naslednja vprašanja: 1. Do katere stopnje je sanjska izkušnja vključena v javno življenje lokalne skupnosti in kateri so pogoji takšne vključenosti; 2. kako je sanjska pripoved obravnavana v zasebnem in javnem diskurzu; in 3. kakšne so interpretacije sanj. Avtorico zanimajo spremembe v interpretacijah sanj, ki so nasledek postsocialističnih procesov transformacije po letu 1989.
Indigenization of Modernization and of Modernity
Authors: Godina Vesna
Published: June 2013

Besedilo obravnava neuspeh postsocialističnih družb, da bi se transformirale v uspešne kapitalistične družbe. Predstavljeno je nekaj najpomembnejših antropoloških ugotovitev in odkritij, ki kažejo, da so problemi postsocialističnih družb povezani z dejstvom, da v svojem prehodu v kapitalistične družbe niso prakticirale t. i. indigenizirane modernizacije. To je tudi razlog, zakaj prav rešitve, ki so uspešne v zahodnih kapitalističnih družbah, v postsocialističnih družbah ustvarjajo probleme, celo krizo.
***
The article discusses the failure of post-socialist societies to transform themselves into successful, modern capitalist societies from an anthropological point of view. It introduces a selection of relevant anthropological facts and arguments to show that the problems of postsocialist societies are connected with the fact that postsocialist societies did not practice the indigenization of modernization. For this reason, solutions that are successful in Western capitalist societies produce problems in post-socialist societies, even at times, crisis.
Village Spatial Structure in Oral Tradition and Rituals of the Karst
Authors: Hrobat Katja
Published: June 2013

Članek je del širše raziskave o konceptualizaciji prostora kot socialnega konstrukta, kakor se kaže v ustnem izročilu na Krasu. Terenske raziskave so pokazale, da ljudje navzven enotno identiteto vaške skupnosti razdrobijo na manjše vaške identitete, ločene po prostorskih enotah. Notranje strukturiranje vasi se izraža skoz ustno izročilo, toponime in skupinske identifikacije, šege in navade ob ivanjskem kresovanju, ob pustovanju, ob smrti, pri čemer vsakemu delu vasi ustreza del pokopališča, in ob liturgičnih obredih. Na osnovi evropskih in neevropskih primerjav avtorica pokaže, da v notranji strukturiranosti vasi ne gre prepoznati zgolj posledice različnega časovnega zaporedja kolonizacije rodov ali različnih hierarhičnih struktur prebivalstva, temveč tudi splošno konceptualno načelo strukturiranja sveta, ki temelji na binarni opoziciji.
***
The paper is part of a wider study on the conceptualization of space as a social construct through the oral tradition of the Karst. Research has shown that the identity of the village is fragmented into smaller village identities, separated by spatial units. The internal structure of the village is reflected in oral tradition, toponyms, group identifications, liturgical rites, and rituals such as lighting bonfires on St. John’s Day or Carnival, and death, where each part of the village corresponds a part of the cemetery. Based on European and non-European comparisons, it is suggested that the interior structure of villages is not simply a reflection of the stratification process of the rural population or colonizations of various lineage, but could also be a consequence of a general conceptual principle of structuring the world, which is based on the concept of binary opposition.
Organization Crystal
Authors: Podjed Dan
Published: June 2013

V članku je predstavljena zgodba posameznika, ki je ob koncu 70. let 20. stoletja v Sloveniji s skupino navdušencev zasnoval ornitološko društvo. Avtor analizira njegove vodstvene lastnosti, predvsem pa karizmo, zaradi katere so ga drugi člani priznali za osrednjo avtoriteto in vodjo, čeprav formalno te funkcije v organizaciji ni nikoli prevzel. Društvo je dve desetletji ohranilo zasnovo, ki je sledila ustanoviteljevim temeljnim zamislim, šele po njegovem nepričakovanem odhodu leta 1999 pa se je organizacijska kultura temeljito preoblikovala.
***
The article presents the role of an individual who at the end of 1970’s established the Slovenian ornithological association in cooperation with a group of enthusiasts. The author analyses his leaders’characteristics, especially his charisma, which made him the central authority in the association, even though he never took over a formal position of the leader. The association kept the original structure, which followed founder’s initial concepts and ideas, for two decades and the organisational culture was radically transformed only after he unexpectedly left the association in 1999.
Genrefication of Slovenian Folksongs: A Reflection, or Views on Their Development
Authors: Klobčar Marija
Published: June 2013

V prispevku sta ob pregledu oblikovanja tipologije slovenskih ljudskih pesmi analizirana razvoj slovenske folkloristične misli in orientacija slovenske folkloristike. Vprašanje zvrstnosti slovenskih ljudskih pesmi je poudarjeno kot vprašanje prioritet, s katerimi se izražajo prioritete družbe. Ob razgledu po drugačnih konceptih prispevek problematizira vlogo institucionaliziranega folklorističnega raziskovanja in opozarja na nujnost premisleka teh vprašanj. Prevrednotenje teh pogledov namreč pomeni tudi prevrednotenje današnjega razumevanja ljudskosti.
***
This paper analyzes the development of the conceptualization and orientation of Slovenian folklore studies based on an overview of how the typology of Slovenian folksongs was shaped. The issue of Slovenian folksong genrefication is highlighted as an issue of priorities that reflect society’s priorities. By examining various approaches, the paper discusses the role of institutionalized research in folklore studies and draws attention to the necessity of reflecting on these issues. Reevaluating these views also implies reevaluating today’s understanding of “folk character.”
La patrimonialisation des espaces naturels en débat : la réforme du Parc national des Pyrénées (France)
Authors: Clarimont Sylvie
Published: June 2013

Plus de quarante ans après sa création, le Parc national des Pyrénées demeure toutefois mal accepté par des acteurs locaux qui refusent l’onction patrimoniale des périmètres de protection. La réforme de son statut consécutive à la loi de 2006 provoque un regain de conflictualité. L’article se propose, à partir du dépouillement de la presse quotidienne régionale (journal Sud-Ouest) : d’identifier les acteurs en conflit, d’appréhender leur argumentaire et de mettre en évidence leurs représentations de l’espace naturel. Plus largement, l’analyse de ce type de source permet de saisir l’image du parc national diffusée dans le premier quotidien régional.
Les processus de patrimonialisation de la nature dans le Kodagu (Inde) : pluralités, imbrications, contradictions
Authors: Moppert Béatrice
Published: June 2013

Situé dans la partie centrale de la chaîne des Ghâts occidentaux du sud de l’Inde, le Kodagu appartient à l’une de ces 34 régions du globe, identifiées comme points chauds de biodiversité. De fait, les richesses biologiques de ce petit district de l’État du Karnataka sont considérées comme faisant partie de ce bien commun de l’humanité que constitue la biodiversité. La patrimonialisation y apparaît toutefois comme un processus multiforme, révélant de multiples imbrications entre les différents mouvements à l’œuvre. En effet, outre le classement en aires protégées d’une partie de l’espace forestier (parc national, réserve de biosphère, réserves de faune), on assiste à diverses formes de mise en patrimoine où les éléments de nature sont étroitement liés à la culture. Des bois sacrés (devarakadu) aux paysages de la caféiculture, les objets concernés sont de plus en plus nombreux et variés. Portés par des acteurs aux ambitions distinctes, voire contradictoires, ces projets, souvent sources de conflits, sont révélateurs de la pluralité des regards portés sur la nature. En explorant en particulier les enjeux relatifs à la nomination au patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco d’un bien en série réparti le long de la chaîne des Ghâts occidentaux, cet article met en évidence non seulement le manque de concertation, mais aussi l’absence d’une vision territoriale intégratrice dans la mise en œuvre des initiatives de protection et de valorisation des richesses naturelles.
L’association Pierrine Gaston-Sacaze et la patrimonialisation de la flore en vallée d’Ossau (Pyrénées Occidentales – France)
Authors: Albert-Llorca Marlène , Garreta Raphaële
Published: June 2013

L’association Pierrine Gaston-Sacaze fut créée en 1992 à Béost, village de la vallée d’Ossau (Pyrénées Atlantiques) où naquit le personnage dont elle a pris le nom. Son premier objectif était de célébrer le centenaire de sa mort et, plus largement, de retrouver et sauvegarder son œuvre. Pratiquement oublié après son décès, en 1893, Gaston-Sacaze fut présenté de son vivant comme un prodige et salué à ce titre. Alors que c’était un simple berger, il aurait appris seul plusieurs arts et sciences, notamment la botanique, où ses compétences furent reconnues par de grands naturalistes de son époque. Une association portant le nom d’un « pâtre-botaniste » ne pouvait manquer de s’intéresser à la botanique et à la flore. Cette contribution montre que les activités de l’association dans ce domaine rattachent la flore de la vallée à la mémoire de Pierrine Gaston-Sacaze, présenté comme une figure emblématique de l’identité ossaloise. Cette mise en relation permet de suggérer que la vallée a une flore totalement singulière. Non pas du fait des caractéristiques botaniques des plantes, mais parce qu’elles deviennent des « lieux de mémoire » d’un passé que l’on veut perpétuer parce qu’on s’identifie à lui. Cette appropriation symbolique de la flore permet d’en faire une partie intégrante du patrimoine ossalois.
Conservation, valorisation, labellisation : la mise en patrimoine des hauts-lieux pyrénéens et les recompositions de l’action territoriale
Authors: Bénos Rémi , Milian Johan
Published: June 2013

Cet article propose un cadre d’analyse pour traiter des dynamiques relationnelles entre le patrimoine naturel et l’action publique territorialisée. La grille développée met en avant trois notions clefs, celles de conservation, de valorisation et de labellisation, pour lire et comprendre les formes prises par le processus de patrimonialisation. Au-delà des logiques initiales de conservation et de valorisation au croisement desquelles émerge la mise en patrimoine, nous insistons ici sur le rôle joué par la montée en puissance depuis une quinzaine d’années d’un nouveau référentiel d’action territoriale, la labellisation. Celui-ci a introduit de nouvelles normes et de nouvelles légitimités politiques, mettant en évidence l’importance des logiques de distinction et de reconnaissance qui alimentent les processus de patrimonialisation. Ce cadre est appliqué à l’analyse croisée de deux figures emblématiques des Pyrénées, Gavarnie et Canigou, deux hauts-lieux « naturels » où se sont superposés différents dispositifs de conservation. Leur reconnaissance est certes fondée sur les spécificités de leur naturalité, mais leur valeur patrimoniale tient aussi à leur caractère syncrétique associant à leurs particularités physiques des éléments culturels. L’article expose ainsi comment dans la dynamique de la labellisation, des formes plus contemporaines de patrimonialisation ont pu émerger, renouvelant ainsi la mise en récit et la mise en scène de ces hauts-lieux. L’analyse souligne aussi combien, d’un site à l’autre, l’appropriation et l’interprétation de la labellisation peuvent diverger.
Lutte de voisinage et patrimonialisation d’espaces naturels résiduels à Madrid
Authors: Zamora Elia Canosa , Carballo Ángela García
Published: June 2013

La ville de Madrid a historiquement montré un clair mépris des cours d’eau et leur valeur patrimoniale a été engloutie par le développement urbain. Néanmoins, certains fragments de cette nature négligée, des restes de dépressions topographiques (talwegs) liés à des ruisseaux, ont finalement réussi à obtenir leur mise en valeur comme parcs urbains, expression ultime de la nature en ville. Cet article est axé sur la revendication de l’importance de ces lieux, sur l’analyse de leur processus de patrimonialisation en 1975-1990, ainsi que sur la dénonciation de l'orientation médiatique, onéreuse et peu durable de la conception des derniers parcs urbains construits sur d'anciens ruisseaux.
Processus de construction d’une ressource territoriale valorisant le patrimoine naturel et culturel en Loire tourangelle
Authors: Pin Benoit , Rode Sylvain , Servain Sylvie
Published: June 2013

L’inscription par l’Unesco du Val de Loire au patrimoine mondial au titre des paysages culturels vivants et évolutifs a concrétisé l’émergence de nouvelles représentations du patrimoine ligérien et favorisé des projets de développement locaux mobilisant ce dernier. Bien que reconnu internationalement, le patrimoine ligérien n’est pas approprié dans son ensemble par les populations locales. Différentes visions du patrimoine se côtoient, matérialisant tout autant les sensibilités que l’influence de l’action publique et de la société civile sur les représentations. Le présent travail s’attache à démonter le caractère « construit » de la dimension patrimoniale du paysage et cherche à présenter pourquoi et comment ce patrimoine est mobilisé en tant que ressource pour des projets de développement locaux. L’analyse est conduite à l’échelle principale de deux communes (Bréhémont et Chouzé-sur-Loire) qui se sont engagées dans des processus de valorisation du patrimoine. Elle est complétée par des analyses menées à l’échelle d’un tronçon de la Loire (depuis Tours jusqu’à la confluence entre la Loire et la Vienne) permettant de mettre en perspective les réalités de terrain d’un patrimoine servant de support aux projets de développement locaux.
Nature et culture dans la liste du patrimoine mondial : l’expérience de Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ribeiro Rafael Winter
Published: June 2013

L’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser la relation entre les critères naturels et culturels dans la justification de la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco en partant de la candidature de la ville de Rio de Janeiro, inscrite sur la Liste au 1er juillet 2012 comme « paysage culturel ». Le processus de candidature de la ville devient ainsi un excellent laboratoire de réflexions sur la relation entre nature, culture et patrimoine et les images produites. Il nous permet également de réfléchir sur la façon dont l’Unesco s’approprie la catégorie « paysage culturel » identifiée comme étant associée à une forte présence d’éléments dits naturels, même s’ils sont travaillés par l’homme. Il existe donc une importante difficulté pour inclure des paysages urbains dans cette catégorie. Pourtant, pour une série de courants géographiques, ils seraient une des meilleures définitions possible de paysage culturel, compris comme un paysage modifié par l’homme. Deux courants principaux peuvent être identifiés dans les formes que prend la catégorie « paysage culturel » : un fortement associé au paysagisme et à l’aménagement paysager et un autre qui renvoie à une conception très proche de celle de Vidal de la Blache : le paysage mettrait en valeur la relation entre l’homme et son milieu. Rio de Janeiro tente d’adapter son image à ce modèle d’une ville associée au mouvement moderne dans laquelle les grandes œuvres paysagises de sa côte et le processus de reboisement des montagnes auraient un poids fondamental.
Pour le meilleur et pour le pire ! Les arbres en ville peuvent-ils faire patrimoine ? Analyse des spatialités concurrentes arbres-riverains à Grenoble
Authors: Tollis Claire
Published: June 2013

Patrimonialiser la nature en ville ne va pas de soi. À Grenoble, l’analyse de deux mille lettres de plainte adressées au service des espaces verts et des entretiens auprès des gestionnaires de ce service nous permet de mettre au jour une concurrence spatiale entre les citadins et les arbres. Le caractère vivant des arbres urbains dérange les riverains. En miroir, leurs incivilités portent atteinte au bon développement des arbres. De plus, de nouveaux modes de gestion qui proposent de « laisser faire la nature » complexifient encore le problème. Enfin, les arbres servent souvent d’écran à des préoccupations « qui n’ont rien à voir avec eux » : les conflits dont ils font l’objet tiennent davantage à des rapports de voisinage ou à des relations élus-administrés marqués par la frustration ou l’incompréhension. Dans ce contexte, nous esquissons un processus de patrimonialisation « freiné » qui tente, sans y parvenir vraiment, de faire accepter les arbres pour ce qu’ils sont.
Construire un patrimoine naturel : valeurs (de société) contre critères (officiels) ? L’exemple de hauts lieux montagnards pyrénéens
Authors: Bouisset Christine , Degrémont Isabelle
Published: June 2013

L’article travaille à partir du postulat, souvent oublié ou minoré, que la construction patrimoniale d’éléments matériels comme immatériels, n’est pas liée aux seules politiques publiques, mais se révèle être aussi un phénomène de société qui remporte l’adhésion de beaucoup et fait sens collectivement. La valeur d’un patrimoine naturel passe donc également par sa construction sociale. L’analyse de hauts lieux pyrénéens, à partir de la confrontation de divers documents officiels avec une série de 95 entretiens auprès de pratiquants et de visiteurs, permet d’analyser les valeurs du patrimoine naturel à partir des regards d’individus pour mieux questionner les critères officiels de protection du patrimoine naturel en France et comprendre leurs relations. Si les critères officiels évoluent au fil du temps et donnent une place croissante à la biodiversité, le regard des visiteurs relève davantage de la dimension esthétique du patrimoine et du lien intime entre nature et individu à l’échelle du paysage.
A Community-Based Oral Health Promotion Model for HIV Patients in Nairobi, East District in Kenya: A Study Protocol
Authors: Koyio Lucina N. , van der Sanden Wil J.M. , van der Ven Andre , Mulder Jan , Creugers Nico H.J. , Merkx Matthias A.W. , Frencken Jo E.
Published: June 2013

Background

General HIV-related orofacial lesions, most commonly oropharyngeal candidiasis, have a typical clinical appearance and can be recognised by members of the community. Although affected patients often experience pain leading to compromised eating and swallowing, barriers such as social stigma and lack of knowledge regarding available services may prevent them from seeking early care. Educating the community about these lesions through community health workers (CHWs) who are democratically elected community members may encourage individuals affected to seek early oral healthcare in the health facilities. A health facility (HF) is a health centre mainly run by clinical officers (CO), i.e. personnel with a 3-year medical training, and nurses. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a CHW training programme on: i) their knowledge and recognition of HIV-related oral-facial lesions at a community level; and ii) referral of affected patients from the community to the HFs.

Design and Methods

All 800 CHWs in 2 administrative divisions of Nairobi East District (test group n=400; control group n=400) will be selected. The test group will receive training. CHWs in both groups will be assessed at 4 time points: –3, 0, +3 and +6 months with reference to the training on: i) their knowledge of HIV-related orofacial lesions (using a written questionnaire); and ii) their performance in referring affected patients to the HFs (using clinical data).

Expected Impact

Early recognition of HIV-related orofacial lesions at a community level will prompt community members to seek early oral care, leading to early HIV testing and counselling regarding failure of antiretroviral therapy, while treatment outcomes are still favourable.
Apoptotic-Like Tumor Cells and Apoptotic Neutrophils in Mitochondrion-Rich Gastric Adenocarcinomas: A Comparative Study with Light and Electron Microscopy between these Two Forms of Cell Death
Authors: Caruso Rosario A. , Fedele Francesco , Rigoli Luciana , Branca Giovanni , Bonanno Anna , Quattrocchi Emilia , Finocchiaro Giuseppe , Venuti Antonio
Published: June 2013

Mitochondrion-rich adenocarcinomas represent a rare variant of gastric adenocarcinomas composed predominantly of columnar adenocarcinoma cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, a strong supranuclear immunoreactivity for antimitochondrial antibody, and a marked neutrophil infiltration associated to tumor cell death. The purpose of this work is to investigate, using correlated light and electron microscopy, mitochondrion-rich gastric adenocarcinomas focusing on the nature of the death in neoplastic cells and in infiltrating neutrophils. Adenocarcinoma cells, single or in small clusters, showed convoluted nuclei, irregularly condensed chromatin, loss of microvilli, and nuclear envelope dilatation. No nuclear fragmentation was observed in these dying cells and the plasma membrane did not show signs of disruption. These ultrastructural findings represent intermediate aspects between apoptosis and necrosis and are compatible with apoptosis-like programmed cell death. By contrast, some infiltrating neutrophils showed ultrastructural signs of classic apoptosis such as chromatin condensation into compact geometric (globular, crescentshaped) figures, tightly packed cytoplasmic granules and intact cell membrane. Our study provides ultrastructural evidence of apoptosislike tumour cell death in mitochondrion-rich gastric carcinomas and confirms that stereotyped outcome either as apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells cannot always be expected in human neoplasms.
Rapid Progression of a Germ Cell Tumor Encasing the Inferior Vena Cava and Aorta following a Radical Orchiectomy
Authors: Hakiman Hekmat , Margulis Vitaly , Kapur Payal , Huerta Sergio
Published: June 2013

Early stage testicular germ cell tumors are highly curable malignancies, but the need for close radiologic and biomarker surveillance is pivotal. Even in the setting of recurrence, rescue therapy has been successfully implemented. The present report describes a patient that had rapid and aggressive recurrence after radical orchiectomy for a testicular germ cell tumor and presented with bulky disease necessitating reconstruction of the inferior vena cava at the time of salvage retroperitoneal debulking.
Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Ascending Colon
Authors: Barbaryan Aram , Ali Alaa M. , Kwatra Shawn G. , Saba Raya , Prueksaritanond Suartcha , Hussain Nasir , Mirrakhimov Aibek E. , Vladimirskiy Natalya , Zdunek Teresita , Gilman Alan D.
Published: June 2013

Primary colorectal lymphoma is a rare malignancy accounting for 3% of all gastrointestinal lymphomas and 0.1-0.5% of all colorectal malignancies. Among primary colorectal lymphomas, the most common histological subtype of colorectal lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. We report a case of an 84-year old Caucasian female who was admitted to the hospital because of a 2 days history of altered mental status. In the emergency department the patient was found to have acute kidney injury and hypercalcemia. On physical examination a large lower quadrant abdominal mass was palpated. Computed tomography scan of abdomen confirmed the presence of a mass along the cecum and proximal ascending colon. Colonoscopy showed a large ulcerated mass and biopsy was consistent with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient underwent colectomy but refused to receive chemotherapy.
De creativiteit in de wereld en de werkelijkheid van God. De theologie van Gordon Kaufman in betrekking tot Wilhelm Herrmann en Rudolf Bultmann
Authors: Benjamins Rick
Published: June 2013

The creativity in the world and the reality of God. The theology of Gordon Kaufman in relation to Wilhelm Herrmann and Rudolf Bultmann. The article aims to defend the compatibility of Kaufman’s concept of a world grounded on immanent creativity and Bultmann’s concept of God who addresses us in the proclamation of the cross. Since Darwin’s natural selection it is hard to conceive of a universe that is designed and allows for the assumption of a creator. Theologians have grappled with the meaning of nature and history from the time their purposiveness was contested. Wilhelm Herrmann argued that we undergo a transforming goodness in our experiences of Jesus’ inner life which makes us confess that the goodness of a hidden God determines the world and makes us contribute to its development. We cannot prove the influence of God’s goodness, but we can experience it personally. Rudolf Bultmann radically changed this perspective. He argued that we are not placed in a meaningful world on behalf of Jesus’ inner life; instead, the proclamation of the cross liberates us from any worldview in order to live authentically. Gordon Kaufman proposes an understanding of God as the creativity in the world and its evolution without any dualism or supernaturalism. He denies a blueprint for creation but accepts a serendipitous creativity that can function as the basis for the articulation of our worldview and our orientation in the world. According to Kaufman, Bultmann still retains the dualistic presupposition of the traditional understanding of God. This article argues that the differences between Kaufman and Bultmann are limited, for whereas Bultmannn underlines the reality of God who addresses us in the proclamation of the cross and thereby recreates us, Kaufman wants to construct a worldview grounded on creativity. The creativity in the world and God’s (re)creative acts are not incompatible.
The Crank-Nicolson Hermite Cubic Orthogonal Spline Collocation Method for the Heat Equation with Nonlocal Boundary Conditions
Authors: Bialecki B. , Fairweather G. , López-Marcos J.C.
Published: June 2013

We formulate and analyze the Crank-Nicolson Hermite cubic orthogonal spline collocation method for the solution of the heat equation in one space variable with nonlocal boundary conditions involving integrals of the unknown solution over the spatial interval. Using an extension of the analysis of Douglas and Dupont [23] for Dirichlet boundary conditions, we derive optimal order error estimates in the discrete maximum norm in time and the continuous maximum norm in space. We discuss the solution of the linear system arising at each time level via the capacitance matrix technique and the package COLROW for solving almost block diagonal linear systems. We present numerical examples that confirm the theoretical global error estimates and exhibit superconvergence phenomena.