bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic Synthesis and Characterization of an Water-Soluble Conducting Poly (1,4-Diaminobenzene-Acrylic Acid)
Authors: Zeng Jia Yu , Zhang Wei Bo , Liao Shi Qi , Zhang Dong Xia , Wang Yun Pu , Wang Yu Xian , Liu Fu Rong
Published: November 2010

A polymerization between 1,4-diaminobenzene (PPD) and acrylic acid catalyzed by Horseradish Perodxidase (HRP) in an water buffer will be described in this article. The effects of the concentration of H2O2, the ratio of the acrylic acid to PPD, the pH of the buffer, and the reaction time of polymerization were investigated. Compared with conventional methods, the synthesis is simple and the conditions are mild. The conductivity, UV-vis spectra, FT-IR spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the resulting polymer were investigated also. The results show that the synthesized polymer (PAnI) is a self-doped poly(1,4-diaminobenzene-acrylic acid) with 1,4-disubstituted aromatic ring, and a higher electro-activity, water-solubility, its decomposition temperature is 498.8 °C.
Synthesis of Intelligent Polymer Modified Iron Nanoparticles for DNAPL Recovery
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhou Ming Hua
Published: November 2010

In this study, we have presented a smart core/shell nanocomposite: intelligent polymer modified iron nanoparticles (PNZVI), which can be easily synthesized by the microemulsion method followed by a in-situ surface-radical graft polymerization. The structure and composition of the nanocomposite particles prepared were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and thermal analysis (TG). The PNZVI exhibited good stability in air since the coating of polymer effectively protected the iron core from oxidation. Furthermore, the stimuli-response of outer polymer layer was capable of creating a stable dispersion of nanoparticles and improving the compatibility of the composite particles with organic pollutant. Batch experiments further confirmed that the prepared PNZVI were capable of effectively reducing trichloroethylene (TCE).
A Low Phase Noise Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Harmonic Suppression Based on LTCC Technology
Authors: Wang Li Fa , Yang Rui Xia , Wu Jing Feng , Jia Ying Qian
Published: November 2010

In this paper, a low phase noise hybrid integrated voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) module with harmonic suppression based on LTCC technology is presented. This is the first report about the hybrid integrated VCO module based on the LTCC substrate in china mainland. The design is simulated and optimized by the ansoft designer and the ansoft HFSS software. To miniaturize the VCO module, two capacitors and an inductor that adjust the oscillation frequency and two capacitors as feedback capacitors are buried in the LTCC substrate. Three resistances for direct current bias are made on the surface of the LTCC substrate. Also the low-pass filter that used for harmonic suppression is embedded in the LTCC substrate. The VCO module achieves an output power of more than 10 dBm in a tuning range between 1000-1200MHz. The measured phase noise is lower than -112.2 dBc/Hz at 10KHz offset between 1000-1200MHz. The overall dimension is as small as 8 mm×7 mm×3.5 mm.
Luminescence of Cu2+-Doped ZnSe Quantum Dots with Different Parameters
Authors: Wang Qun , Liu Fu Tian , Jiang Qing Hui , Chen Xiu Xiu , Wang Dong Zhi
Published: November 2010

Cu2+-doped ZnSe quantum dots (ZnSe:Cu2+ QDs) are synthesized in aqueous solution via a co-precipitation method with thioglycolic acid (TGA) as a stabilizer. Green emission is observed under 365 nm UV excitation. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy image show that ZnSe:Cu2+ QDs are sphalerite cubic structure, similar to round in shape, the average diameter is 6 nm. The concentration of Cu2+ ions and TGA, pH, reaction time and aging time have influences on optical properties of ZnSe:Cu2+ QDs. The luminescence of as-prepared products with different parameters is characterized using fluorescence spectrophotometer. The high fluorescence intensity has been got when the concentration of Cu2+ ions is 4.0% (molar ratio), TGA is 83.4 μl (mol ratio Zn: TGA=1:2), pH is 9.5, reaction time is 2h. The luminous intensity increases with the extension of aging time.
Controllable Growth of Ultrafine Silica Particles
Authors: Guo Ya Jie , Wang Guang Jian , Zhang Shuai , Bo Xue Fang , Zhang Kai Liang
Published: November 2010

Steady alkalescence monodispersed silicasol were obtained from sodium metasilicate by using chemical precipitation. The process employed low Zeta electric potential controlled growth to achieve big grain diameter 130nm. In this work, the best conditions of grain diameter growth were optimized, which included pH, reaction temperature, digestion time, and so on. The performances of the product have been studied by XRD, IR, Nano Particle Analyzer, ζ electric potential and SEM. Sphericity silica nanoparticles with good stability and high dispersion were obtained, which attained the standard of manufacturing production.
Preparation and Influence Factors of SO42-/ZrO2 Nanotube Catalyst
Authors: Hou Xiao Rui , Zhao Jian Ling , Wang Xi Xin , He Qi , Xu Xue Wen
Published: November 2010

ZrO2 nanotube carrier was obtained using a direct anodization method. Then SO42-/ZrO2 nanotube catalyst was developed in the sulfuric acid solution through ultrasonic dipping processing. The morphology, thermal stability and crystal forms of catalysts were analyzed, and the influence factors of catalytic activity were studied. The results presented in this work show that the catalyst activity was highest under the following conditions: the mass fraction of sulfuric acid solution was 50 %, the ultrasonic dipping time was 20 min, the suitable calcination temperature was 400 °C and the calcination time was 60 min.
Nanofibrous Membrane of Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Acetate Blend for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption
Authors: Zhou Wei Tao , He Jian Xin , Cui Shi Zhong , Gao Wei Dong
Published: November 2010

Silk fibroin/cellulose acetate blend Nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electro- spinning and their performances were evaluated as a heavy metal ion adsorbent. The electrospun nanofibrous membranes were comprised of randomly oriented ultra-fine fibers of 100-600nm diameters. As a result of field emission electron microscope (FEEM), compared with pure nanofibrous membranes, the anti-felting shrinkage of SF/CA blend nanofibrous membranes with 20% CA content was markedly improved after treatment with 100% ethanol. Metal ion adsorption test was performed with Cu2+ as a model heavy metal ion in a stock solution. The pure SF nanofibrous membranes exhibited high metal ion capacities compared with that pure CA nanofibrous membrane. Especially, the SF/CA blend nanofibrous membranes had an exceptional performance for the adsorption of metal ions, and the maximum milligrams per gram of metal ions adsorbed reached 22.8mg/g for Cu2+. This indicated that SF and CA had synergetic effect.
Synthesis of CuInxGa1-xSe2 Powder by High-Pressure Stirring Solvothermal Method
Authors: Xie Chun Yan , Zou Zheng Guang , Long Fei , Chen Bi Tao , Yu Hui Jiang , Ma Hao
Published: November 2010

In the paper a high-pressure stirring solvothermal method with ethylenediamine as a solvent was used to prepare CIGS powders. The impact factors of reaction temperature and holding time on product-phase and morphology were investigated. The increasing reaction temperature make a important impact on the phase of product and the increasing holding time has much effect on the product morphology. CIGS particles (8-10 μm) were successfully synthesized at reaction temperatures in the range of 200-250 °C for different holding times.
Synthesis of HfC Powders by Carbothermal Reduction of Modified Hafnium Alkoxide Precursors
Authors: Mei Zhen Xing , Su Xun Jia , Hou Gen Liang , Guo Feng , Zhang Yu Dong
Published: November 2010

HfC powders were synthesized by carbothermal reduction of modified hafnium alkoxide precursors using hafnium oxychloride, propanol and 2,4-pentanedione as the starting materials. The structure, composition and reaction mechanism of the solution-derived precursor were studied by FT-IR. The forming process of HfC was detected by TG-DSC-FT-IR and XRD, and the formation mechanism was also discussed. The morphology of as-derived HfC powders was observed by SEM. The research showed that the solution-derived precursors of HfC probably had structures of network or chain. Dried precursors showed a honeycomb structure. When pyrolysed, the precursors was firstly converted to HfO2 and amorphous C. HfO2 was deoxidized gradually above 1500 . It seemed that HfC powders were almost pure after heat treatment at 1800 .
Optimum Design of a Kind of Split Type Compound Vessel Used in Ultrahigh Pressure Technology
Authors: Yuan Ge Xia , Liu Hong Zhao , Han Yu Qiang , Zhao Ying Xiang , Wang Juan Ping
Published: November 2010

To enhance multilayer pressure vessels’ load bearing capacity, the paper presented a kind of split type compound vessel which employed split, shrink-fit and autofrettage techniques simultaneously. The vessel consists of a split layer made of sintered carbide, and an outer two-layer whole cylinder treated with autofrettage and shrink-fit. The mathematic model for the optimization design of the split type vessels was build based on stress analysis of each layer. In the model, the wall thickness of compound vessels is taken as an objective function; thickness of each layer, shrink-fit pressures, and the elastic-plastic radii of autofrettaged two layers are the design parameters; that Tresca stress of each layer equals to its design stress is constraint. An example was optimized. The results show that no additional strength was wasted in any of the layers at the optimum, and the vessels’ load capacity was far beyond the yield stress of outer whole cylinder.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activities of Bismuth Vanadate by Facile Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Liu Chao Jun , Xu Yue Hua
Published: November 2010

Monoclinic BiVO4 photocatalysts were synthesized via facile and straightforward co-precipitation method at room temperature without high temperature treatment and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), flourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that through proper selection of synthesis conditions, it is possible to obtain high efficient BiVO4 nanoparticles. The as-prepared monoclinic BiVO4 photocatalysts have an average crystallite size of about 20 nm with the particle size of about 20 to 50 nm. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by decolorization of rhodamine B in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation, and the relationship between the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 and their physicochemical properties were investigated.
Synthesis of Self-Healing Microcapsules via Different Heating Profiles
Authors: Li Ting Ting , Wang Rui , Liu Xing
Published: November 2010

Self-healing by microcapsules is one of methods to stop and heal crack propagation in time. Microcapsule containing 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) core and Melamine-Urea -Formaldehyde (MUF) shell with possibly higher healing efficiency was synthesized via three different heating histories including different heating rate and heating steps, which significantly affect microcapsule surface morphology, thermal stability, and yield, thus the reproducibility. Finally, it is demonstrated that the best quality of microcapsule was obtained from fast-slower heating method with proper outer surface and shell thickness, as well as 285 higher temperature resistance. The mean particle size is about 100m.
Study on Preparation of Mesoporous Silica Aerogels with Low Density and High Properties via Ambient Pressure Drying
Authors: Geng Gang Qiang , Bi Wei Tao , Zhang Yu , Sun Deng Ke
Published: November 2010

The SiO2 aerogels of low density was fabricated by ion exchange and sol-gel method on the basis of sodium silicate. The effect of pH, aging，addition of DCCA and annealed temperature on the gel time, aerogel density, porosity and the micro-structure was systemly studied. The results showed that when the pH is 5, aging was 30%Vol .of TEOS/ethanol solution ,the addition of DCCA was 1.5ml, the gel system was annealed at 50 for 84 h, 60 for 72h, the best quality of silica aerogels with low density (0.14g/cm3), higher specific surface(610.643 m2/g) and pore size of 20~40 nm can be obtained.
Sulfur-Loading Impact on Microstructure and Surface Morphology of Fly Ash-Based Adsorbent for Mercury Removal
Authors: Gao Wei , Liu Qing Cai , Lu Cun Fang , Yang Jian , Wen Juan , Zheng Hui Min
Published: November 2010

Mercury is a toxic air pollution, and coal-fired utility plants are the largest anthropogenic emission source in China. Due to rapidly decreasing the cost and increasing the efficiency, it is becoming necessary to develop alternative technologies/materials for mercury removal. The adsorbents made from fly ash of coal-fired, and became spherical after sintering at temperature 500 . Finally, it has been treated by thermal precipitation sulfur, to remove mercury in fuel gas of coal-fired. High temperature deposition furnace was applied to increase sulfur content in fly ash based adsorbents produced in lab. SEM, BET, TGA and other measurement methods were used to characterize the surface morphology, sulfur distribution and specific surface. The experiments can increase its sulfur content of adsorbent, and the study found that sulfur attached to the surface, mesopore structure, microporous structure of fly ash-based adsorbents. So these treatments can increase their surface area and enhanced their adsorption capacity, while the sulfur was filled in interspace as small molecule S2 and S5. And the specific surface area increased by sulfur-loading and increasing temperature.
In Situ Fabrication of Nanoscale Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Composite and its Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Wang Hua Lan , Hao Qing Li , Xia Xi Feng , Wang Zhi Jia , Tian Jiao , Zhu Ji Hua , Tang Chun , Wang Xin
Published: November 2010

A graphene oxide/polyaniline composite was synthesized by an in situ polymerization process. This product was simply prepared in an ethylene glycol medium, using ammonium persulfate as oxidant in ice bath. The composite was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical test. The composite material showed a good electrochemical performance.
Synthesis of ITO Nanoparticles by Liquid Phase Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Wang Lei , Ding Zhan Lai , Qi Hai Bo , Li Qiang , Hou Zhe Zhe , Wang Jian Qiang
Published: November 2010

The nano-scale indium tin oxide (ITO) particles are synthezed by liquid phase co-precipitation method under given conditions with solution of indium chloride, tin chloride and ammonia. The absolute ethyl alcohol or deionized water was used as solvent and the dodecylamine or hexadecylamine surfactant as a dispersant in the reaction system. The sample powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM). Based on the transmission electron micrograph， the influences of the two different solvents and the two different dispersants on the nanoparticle size and dispersion were studied respectively. The results shown that the ITO particles are finely crystallized body centered cubic structure. The particle size has distributed in 30nm to 90nm.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Superabsorbent Polymer Based on Konjac Glucomannan
Authors: Lu Ai Xia , Luo Yang , Luo Xue Gang , Ye Jian
Published: November 2010

A novel konjac glucomannan-g-poly(acrylic acid) superabsorbent with water absorbency of 380.8g/g in distilled water and 54.3 g/g in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution was prepared by graft polymerization with konjac glucomannan and acrylic acid in aqueous solution, using N, N’- methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and potassium persulfate as an initiator. Factors influencing water absorbency of the superabsorbent polymer were investigated, such as the neutralization degree of acrylic acid, the amount of crosslinker and initiator.
Characterization of Hemp Fiber Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Pretreatment
Authors: Han Guo Jun , Qu Li Jun , Guo Xiao Qing
Published: November 2010

The main objective of this paper was to investigate a low cost pretreatment method, namely microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) pretreatment, which could be applied to hemp degumming with low environmental impact. Degumming index, contrast of different pretreatment methods, transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and single ﬁber tensile testing were used to characterise the effect of pretreatment on hemp ﬁbers. In this paper, the results of degumming effect were given comparing MAE pretreatment with acid pretreatment for hemp degumming. It was found that the MAE pretreatment could remove non-cellulosic compounds from hemp bundles effectively with very short period of time. Meanwhile, seen from SEM micrographs, the fibers pretreated by MAE were cleaner than that of fibers pretreated by acid. These results suggested that MAE pretreatment was higher efficiency and more environmental friendly than traditional pretreatment methods.
Electrochemical Fabrication and Characterization of Highly-Ordered Titania Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Zhang Hai Tao , Deng Xiang Yun , Wu Xin Zheng , Chen Ri Ke
Published: November 2010

Highly-ordered titania nanotube arrays were fabricated in ethylene glycol polar organic electrolyte containing a certain amount of sodium fluoride. Series of patterned nanotube arrays with different outside diameter and aspect ratio were obtained via optimizing anodic voltage, the concentration of fluoride ion and reaction time. The as-prepared nanotube arrays were amorphous and transformed single anatase phase characterized by X-ray diffraction with annealing under the condition of 450oC for 3h. Cyclic voltammogram behaviors were discussed using electrochemical workstation. The pH value of electrolyte, the scanning rate, the crystal structure and morphology of the samples have a significant effect on the reductive/oxidative and H+ intercalation properties.
Photocatalytic Characteristics of Nano TiO2 Doped by Iron (III) and Nitrogen
Authors: Fu Min , Gao Kun , Wang Rui Qi , Ding She Guang
Published: November 2010

Titanium dioxide powder co-doped by Fe 3+and N was prepared in sol-gel method with tetrabutyl titanate as raw material, iron(III) nitrate as source of ferrum, urea as source of nitrogen. The structure and properties of catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, DSC, FS, UV-Vis respectively, where XRD represents Fe/N-TiO2 species calcined at 500°C are classified into anatase pattern with average 17nm diameter of TiO2 crystal; XPS shows iron and nitrogen species dope into the lattice of TiO2 framework; DSC indicates phase transition temperature 440°C of the doped TiO2 from amphorous crystalline into anatase and the dopants have a limited effect on transition temperature; UV-Vis reveals stronger absorption of doped TiO2 than that of TiO2 in visible region and red shift of 70nm to 450nm; FS proves poorer electron-hole recombination. On basis of degradation of methylene blue, photocatalytic activities of various catalysts are investigated to identify maximum decolorization at 2g/L of the doped TiO2, i.e., 92% of decolorized efficiency at 2h ultraviolet illumination and 60% decolorized efficiency at 5h visible illumination.
Simulation for Polymerization Process of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
Authors: Gu Kai , Xu Xiao Di , Zhao Ming
Published: November 2010

In this paper, Polymer Plus of Aspen Tech Inc. is used to establish a styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) polymerization process model; the sensitivity analysis method is used to analyze concentration of the initiator, reaction temperature and other factors which influence production and molecular weight of product. It is concluded that increasing amount of initiator can improve production, while the molecular weight would increase at first and then decline; and along with the increasing temperature, weight-average molecular weight would lower and production of polymer PBS would increase; molecular weight of polymer and production of polymer would magnify along with increase of amount of emulsifier and volume of the reactor.
Preparation and Properties of Attapulgite / Natural Rubber Micro - Nano Composites
Authors: Yang Mei , Hu Sheng , Shen Shang Yue , Li Tie , Wan Miao
Published: November 2010

The attapulgite / natural rubber (NR) micro-nano composites were prepared by co-coagulating rubber latex and clay aqueous suspension. The vulcanization behavior, mechanical properties and microcosmic structure of the composites were investigated. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrographs of the composites showed that the attapulgite stick particles inserted into the rubber. The interaction between the attapulgite and natural rubber could be improved by using the attapulgite pre-modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The properties of the composites filled with CTAB-modified attapulgite are better than that of the composites filled with carbon black N330. The best properties, which the tensile strength, the 300% tensile modulus and the tear strength increase by 46.9%, 269.7%, 102.0%, respectively, compared with the composites with the unmodified attapulgite, can be obtained, when 20 phr CTAB-modified attapulgite was added.
Experimental Investigations of the High-Temperature Phase Relationship and Ordering Transition in Ni-Mn-Ga Ternary System
Authors: Ma Yun Qing , Yang Shui Yuan , Kainuma Ryosuke , Ishida Kiyohito , Wang Cui Ping , Liu Xing Jun
Published: November 2010

The phase equilibria at 900 °C and B2/L21 order-disorder transition in the Ni-Mn-Ga ternary system were investigated by analyzing the equilibrated alloys and diffusion couples using a combination of techniques. It was confirmed that a bcc single phase region exists in a wide composition range at 900 °C, and the critical temperatures of B2/L21 order-disorder transition were determined in Ni-50 at.% section, which exhibits a maximal ordering transition temperature of 796 at Mn content of 25 at.%. The obtained results will be helpful for the preparation and annealing of Ni-Mn-Ga alloys in the specific temperature.
Effect of Anion Impurity on Preparing Xonotlite Whiskers via Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Liu Fei , Cao Jian Xin , Zhu Bo
Published: November 2010

Effect of anion impurity on preparing xonotlite whiskers via hydrothermal synthesis was researched in this paper. The crystal phase composition and morphology of the xonotlite whiskers were analyzed using XRD and techniques. The results indicate that different anion impurity have little effect on the crystal phase composition of synthesized the products, but have great impact on the crystallinity and morphology of xonotlite whiskers. Xonotlite whiskers with well crystal and aspect ratio of 50-100 were successfully prepared from CaCl2 as calcium sources under the condition of 225 °C for 15 h with the reactant concentration of 0.05mol•L-1, but the hydrothermal process condition should be controlled at 225 °C for 40 h while using Ca(NO3)2 or Ca(OH)2 as calcium sources. Cl- iron can accelerate the process of hydrothermal synthesis and be beneficial to the crystallization of xonotlite in CaO-SiO2-H2O system.
Study on Roadbed Deformation Rule and Assessment of Slab Track on Railway Passenger Special Line
Authors: Wu Ke , Ma Ming Yue , Gu Cheng Hao
Published: November 2010

As one kind of railroad tracks, the slab track already widely applied in the high-speed railroad. In order to satisfy the very high-speed-railroad security and the comfortable need, the request of slab track's ultimate subsidence is very strict during construction and operation. Examined in this paper is the roadbed subsidence rule of Wuhan – Guangzhou railway passenger special line in China. The site observation of roadbed subsidence deformation is utilized and has drawn up the settling curve. Goes a step further, based on the numerical calculus method and the forecast assessment, the roadbed subsidence rule of different ground reinforcement processing has been represented. It is shown that the ultimate subsidence satisfied the request of design and the subsidence deformation of CFG pile compound ground was smaller than that of other ground. These conclusions provide uses for reference importantly to guarantee the quality of slab track on railway passenger special line under construction.
New Discrete Particle Swarm Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Li Jiu Yong , Wang Jing
Published: November 2010

In this paper, a novel algorithm called CIPSO for short based on particle optimization algorithm(PSO) and Chaos optimization Algorithm(COA) is presented to solve traveling salesman problem(TSP). We propose some new operators to solve the difficulties of implementing PSO into solving this discrete problem based on the special fitness landscape of TSP. Meanwhile embedded with chaos theory it can enhance particles’ global searching ability so as not to converge to the local optimal solution too quickly, and the introduction of information intercourse can enhance thire local searching ability. Comparing to SA, GA, ACS and so on, this new algorithm shows its validity and satisfactory effect on several benchmark test problems.
Implementation of Low Rate, High Accuracy Broadband Signal Sampling by Using Adaptive Beam Forming Technique
Authors: Ma Lun , Wu Xiang Dong
Published: November 2010

It is required that an ADC for sampling broadband signal directly has high sampling rate, and this will make the sampling accuracy decrease and difficult to be realized. This paper introduces an idea that using multi-channel and low rate ADCs performs sampling broadband signal, then presents a novel method of utilizing adaptive beam forming technique to recover complete bandwidth of the broadband signal. Application of this method can implement both low rate sampling and high accuracy; in addition, it is robust to channel delay and other errors. The result of processing the simulated data has verified the effectiveness of this method.
Research on the Feasibility of Ion Nitriding for Inside Walls of Big Length-Radius-Ratio Oil Pipelines
Authors: Fu Le Rong , Zuo Zhi Jiang , Niu Jun
Published: November 2010

In order to increase the lifetime of oil pipelines with a length-radius ratio of 153, a special ion nitriding experiment instrument with “auxiliary anode” was designed for nitriding pipelines inside walls. The research and test results indicated that the nitriding depth and surface hardness were increased. Field tests showed that the lifetime of such treated oil pipelines increased by more than five times. This technology offered a new surface strengthening method for increasing the anticorrosive ability, wearable ability and lifetime of oil pipelines in petroleum exploitation industry.
Numerical Simulation of Intermediate Cooling Temperature Field in Controlled Rolling
Authors: Huo Wen Feng , Hu Xian Lei , Wang Bing Xing , Liu Xiang Hua
Published: November 2010

Air cooling may decrease rolling efficiency in controlled rolling for needing long holding time to obtain the correct rolling temperature because of small cooling rate. The intermediate cooling can increate the cooling rate, and improve rolling efficiency. Experiment was carried out to research the effect of intermediate cooling on rolling efficiency. The influence of different cooling mode on the temperature distribution and the temperature profile characteristics of different cooling strategy are analyzed with FEM. It shows that intermediate cooling can decrease the holding time effectively, and improve rolling efficiency; the temperature homogeneity in thickness direction can be improved by opening the header one after another and cooling the plate by oscillating cooling.
A Decomposition Modeling Method of 3D Assembly Process Planning and Simulation for Airplane Subassembly
Authors: Zhang Jie , Dong Liang , Li Yuan
Published: November 2010

Computer Aided Assembly Process Planning and Simulation in 3D environment depends mainly on the manner of human-computer interaction currently in the airplane manufacturing industry, and in fact it’s just a recorder for recording the designers’ assembly intention. It’s short of supports for a designer to execute the 3D assembly process planning and simulation, for lacking a strict process flow definition and a pilot method. In this respect, we propose a decomposition modeling method of 3D assembly process planning and simulation for airplane subassembly named Assembly Process Micro-Planning and Simulation (APMPS), which defines a standardization flow and a data-information modeling method. By using this method, the assembly process can be designed and validated form assembly-design-intention to assembly-process-planning to assembly-process-simulation with the five process levels’ definition (AJATAOAAAM). This method is validated by a central-wing’s assembly process design in an airplane manufactory. The result shows that the APMPSS is in accordance with the Concurrent Engineering’s requirements, and it can be carried out fast in 3D environment.
Simulation and Experimental Research of Adaptive Control with Constant Pressure on Large-Scale Titanium Alloy Composite Plates
Authors: Liu Rui Jie , Huang Yun , Huang Zhi , Lv Zhi Ming , Jin Xing Xing
Published: November 2010

This paper brings a new method of adaptive control with constant pressure on large-scale surface grinding machine. The existing problem of uneven in the process of abrasive belt grinding on titanium alloy composite plates is solved effectively. And the grinding head and the belt follow the plate surface ups and downs effectively through contacting the workpiece with the constant pressure. Not only did ensure the grinding depth and the size of the titanium alloy plates, but also improved the surface processing quality. After experiment, the satisfactory control effect was obtained. The research results have some practical value on adaptive control theory and industrial practice.
Thermal Transport of an Electrically Conducting Fluid over a Stretching Sheet in Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Chen Chien Hsin , Chen Che Na , Chen Yu Rung
Published: November 2010

The properties of the final product greatly depend on the cooling rate from the material surface in many manufacturing processes, such as stretching sheets or filaments that are extruded continuously from a die. Therefore, the thermal transport behavior may play an important role in such manufacturing processes. In this paper we present an analysis of momentum and thermal transport for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an electrically conducting fluid over a stretching sheet with prescribed surface temperature. The effects of free convection, Joule heating and viscous dissipation are taken into consideration. The transformed governing equations are solved numerically for this non-similar coupled flow problem. To reveal the tendency of the solutions, typical results for velocity profiles, temperature distributions and the local Nusselt number are presented for different values of governing parameters.
Test of IGBT Transient Thermal Impedance and Modeling Research on Thermal Model
Authors: Chen Ming , Yu Yan Ting , Wang Bo , Tang Yong
Published: November 2010

As the operation performances and reliability of semiconductor devices are tightly related to its operating temperature, the research on the heat transfer characteristic and thermal modeling do a significant meaning to extend services lifetime and improve application reliability of the IGBT modules. The physical structure and the conception, RC component network of thermal resistance, test principle and platform of the transient thermal impedance of IGBT module and three modeling methods are briefly introduced. The parameters of Cauer RC thermal network of a certain type IGBT is derived based on transmission line method. The junction-case thermal resistance can be deduced by Finite Element Method in the numerical simulator ANSYS and the transient thermal impedance curve. Thermal compact model can also be deduced from the numerical simulation and experimental results. An excellent agreement is obtained between experimental results derived by the transient thermal impedance curve and numerical simulation results based on FEM. The thermal compact model and experimental results could be helpful for modeling of thermal model and heat sink design for such electronic devices.
Study on Surface Modification of Feed Bulking Machine Extuding Screw
Authors: Ren Bao Chen , Wang Ya Hui , Wu Wen Bin
Published: November 2010

Ionitrriding and plasma arc surface quenching are seprately used to harden screw surface for settling the wearing problem of bulking machine extruding screw during the feed production process in the paper.The results indicate that surface hardness is incresed 1～2times and the depth of harden layer is about 0.15～0.3 millimeter by ionitrding,but plasma arc surface quenching can improve the surface hardness of screw 2～3times, and the depth of harden layer is about 0.2～0.45 millimeter. Metallurgical structure of harden layer is also analysed and discussed.
The Application of Nanotechnology for Green Manufacturing
Authors: Hong Qi , Gu Li Zhi , Jie Xiao Jun , Wu Hao , Lei Peng
Published: November 2010

This paper took the application of nanotechnology for green manufacturing as a point of departure, discussed the important roles of nanotechnology in green design, green material, green process, green package and green treatment as follows: nanotechnology reflected the use of natural resources embodying the harmonious coexistence between human being and nature which happened to coincide with the basic idea of green design; with the further integration of nanotechnology and environmental protection, nanotechnology led the development of green material into a new level; the introduction of nanotechnology gave new ideas to the development of green process; green package based on nanotechnology could meet the special functional requirements of package with outstanding green efficacy; the development of nanotechnology enhanced the existing level of green treatment technology, many existing problems could be resolved. And finally it was pointed out that the green manufacturing technology would make further development under the push of nanotechnology.
An Stress Correction Method Applied to Doubly Curved Composite Laminated Plate
Authors: Zhang Juan , Hua Lin , Wang Fu Sheng
Published: November 2010

Aim: presents a stress correction method to improve calculation accuracy of doubly curved composite laminated plate with big meshing size to save computational effort. With the application of Marc’s secondary development function, a subroutine is embedded to simulate the mechanical properties of material, and the amendment factors are added so that the stress calculation results have the same computational accuracy when the model is compartmentalized to big meshes as the case under small meshes. We Compare the calculation results in big meshes and what in small meshes, which prove the error request can be satisfied.
Temperature Evaluation of Combined Plasma Arc for High Temperature Materials Processing by Computational Simulation
Authors: Meng Jian Bing , Dong Xiao Juan , Xu Wen Ji
Published: November 2010

A mathematical model was established to describe the electromagnetic, heat flow and fluid flow phenomena within a combined plasma arc. In the development of the model allowance is made for the conservation of mass, momentum, energy and the Maxwell equations. With the ANSYS finite analysis software, specific calculations were presented for a pure argon system, operating in a laminar mode. The distributions of the current density, temperature and velocity of combined plasma arc were gotten. In addition, the influences of process parameters, including arc current, argon gas flow rate and the distance from the nozzle outlet to the anode workpiece, on the temperature distributions along the axial and radial direction were evaluated, respectively. The results shows that the temperature of combined plasma arc is much dependent on the working current, while is less sensitive to the argon flow rate and the distance from the nozzle outlet to the workpiece anode.
The Key Supporting Technologies for the Sustainable Development of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Hong Qi , Gu Li Zhi , Cheng Bin , Li Qiong
Published: November 2010

This paper focused on the sustainable development of advanced manufacturing technology, discussed the information technology, new materials technology and biotechnology on the enormous supporting of advanced manufacturing technology, and their important roles were pointed out. The information technology was the soul of advanced manufacturing technology, and many advanced manufacturing modes were based on information technology. New material technology was the key to the further development of advanced manufacturing technology, and it was the basis of the actual application of advanced manufacturing technology. Biotechnology provided new manufacturing models and methods for advanced manufacturing technology, so that advanced manufacturing technology had made encouraging progress, and as a result, the bio-manufacturing engineering was a kind of advanced manufacturing mode and the bionic design was a kind of advanced design method based on biotechnology.
Influence of Roll Speed Schedule on Continuous Tube Rolling Process of Semi-Floating Mandrel Mill
Authors: Yin Yuan De , Li Sheng Zhi , Kang Yong Lin , Li Yang Hua , Long Gong Ming , Deng Pi An
Published: November 2010

In continuous tube rolling process, it has an obvious influence on the stability of rolling process, tools wear and the quality of rolled hollow tube that configuration of roll rotational speed per stand. In this paper, various roll working diameters per stand are determined by velocity integral method (VIT) and FEM respectively, and two roll rotational speed schedules are obtained correspondingly based on 133 main pass sequence of 89mm 6-stand semi-floating mandrel mill. With the aid of commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm, the high pressure boiler steel tube continuous rolling process of a typical hollow tube specification 133.0×5.2mm are simulated, and force parameters, transverse wall thickness precision, outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube and clearance between the mandrel and rolled hollow tube are analyzed and compared on the condition of two different roll rotational speed schedules, which provides scientific basis for configuring reasonable roll rotational speed per stand in pass design and optimization. Analysis results indicate that roll working diameter obtained per stand is smaller and roll rotational speed configured is higher correspondingly using FEM compared to VIT. Using FEM, there exist front and back tensions between stands and maximal rolling force, rolling moment and mandrel axial force decrease 10% or so in continuous tube rolling process, and outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube is better. However, transverse wall thickness of rolled hollow tube at the bottom of groove is pulled thin slightly, and clearance between the mandrel and rolled hollow tube is less than normal.
GMI Effect of FeCoSiB Amorphous Ribbon
Authors: Zheng Guo Tai , Liu Zhao Hui , Jiang Da Guo
Published: November 2010

The effects of AC frequency, magnetic field strength, ribbon length and test temperature on the Fe72Co8Si15B5 amorphous ribbon’s magnetic impedance were studied. The results showed that the resistance, reactance and impedance of amorphous ribbons increased with the increase of AC frequency, but decreased as magnetic field strength decreased; the rangeability of resistance, reactance and impedance increased as AC frequency and magnetic field strength increased; the resistance and reactance increased as ribbon length increased; the ribbon had a good temperature stability in resistance.
Structural Kinematics and Error Law Research of 5-Axis Turning-Milling Complex Centers
Authors: Xie Chun , Zhang Wei Min
Published: November 2010

A 5-axis turning-milling complex center (TMC) is regarded as the combination of a turning center (TC) and a machining center (MC). However, in structural kinematic chains and kinematic properties, TMCs are pretty different from TCs and MCs, which causes that TMC error generations has inherent properties. This paper researched kinematic chain, controllable axis, simultaneous moving axis, processable part face and error component, from the view of machine structures. A simple calculation formula of error component numbers on CNC machine tools is pointed out according to controllable axis numbers. Through setting up space kinematic equation on TMC, translational and rotational axis error influences are considered. Some views are put out on the error measurement, identification, modeling and compensation for the future research.
Numerical Optimization Design on Coating of EPC Steel Casting
Authors: Zhang Xiu Mei , Jia Hui Jun , Cui Di , Liang He
Published: November 2010

Expandable Pattern Casting (EPC) technology has been more and more extensively applied to the production of steel castings in many countries, which brings outstanding economic and social benefits. Applying the best quality coating is one of the key measures to guarantee casting surface quality. Based upon experiments made for many times, the orthogonal experiments of five factors and four levels are adopted to optimize coating working properties and processing properties. Tested by practice, the coating performance indicators of intensity, permeability, coating property, dropping amount and flowing flat property reach a perfect state, which provided a reliability assurance to product sound castings.
Tribological Properties of Titanium Surface Alloyed 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Liu Wei Yan , Li Xiu Yan , Wang He Feng , Feng Rui , Tang Bin
Published: November 2010

Titanium surface alloyed layer was fabricated on 316L stainless steel substrate at 1000°C by means of the plasma surface alloying technique. The content of element titanium in the surface alloyed layer shows gradually tapering from surface to the inside of the substrate and it means an excellent metallurgical binding between the surface modified layer and 316L stainless steel substrate. The hardness of the titanium surface alloyed Layer is 1305HK0.5, which is much larger than that of the 316L stainless steel substrate. The wear performance of the treated and untreated 316L stainless steel was studied using a ball-on-disc sliding wear machine. Although the titanium surface alloyed layer does not show a friction-reducing effect, it improves the wear resistance of 316L stainless steel significantly and its wear rate is only one-fifteenth of that for untreated 316L stainless steel.
Green Catalyzing Transesterification of Soybean Oil with Methanol for Biodiesel Based on the Reuse of Waste River-Snail Shell
Authors: Liu Xiao Hua , Bai Hai Xin , Zhu Dong Jie , Cao Geng
Published: November 2010

In this paper, calcined river-snail shell was used as a novel solid base catalyst in the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol for biodiesel production. The calcined river-snail shell was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Effects of transesterification process variables were investigated. The results indicated that river-snail shell calcined at 800 °C catalyzed the transesterification of soybean oil for biodiesel with a yield over 98 % under the conditions including catalyst of 3.0% (w/w), a molar ratio of methanol/oil of 9:1, reaction time of 3 h, and reaction temperature of 65 °C. As a low-cost green catalyst, calcined river-snail shell could not only minimize the environmental wastes resulted from the solid shell, but also reduce the production costs of biodiesel.
Different Number of Shares and Twists Effect to the Sensing Performance of Conductive Yarns Contains Coated Carbon Fibers
Authors: Liu Tao , Xu Yu Hong , Chen Hu , Zou Feng Yuan
Published: November 2010

This article designed 12 kinds of conductive yarns were fabricated by different number of shares and twists, observed the relationship of resistance and elongation through tensile test. It is shown that the resistance variation curve of conductive yarn generally approaches a parabola. That is, the resistance increased during the loading process; and the linearity of conductive yarns improved with the number of shares increased, but the sensitivity will decrease. Among the samples which contain the same number of shares but different twist per meter (TPM), samples were fabricated by 300TPM represented a better stability. Therefore, the textile sensors using conductive yarns could increase the number of shares or twists to improve the linearity in the situation that the sensitivity could achieve the minimum requirements.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Ce4+-Doped ZnO
Authors: Zou Ke , Wu You Shi , Zhao Jin Bo , Wu Li Li
Published: November 2010

ZnO nanorods doped with Ce4+ ions have been synthesized by a solvothermal method. The concentration level of Ce4+ additive was varied systematically from 1 to 10 mol. %. The structural and optical properties of Ce4+ -doped nanostructures are investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron micrograph, UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence Spectroscopy. The results showed that the concentration increase of Ce4+ doping induce the enhancement of photoluminescence.
Ethylene Glycol Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower-Like and Sphere-Like ZnO
Authors: Zou Ke , Wu You Shi , Zhao Jin Bo , Wu Li Li
Published: November 2010

ZnO microsturctures with flower-like and sphere-like morphologies have been successfully synthesized in ethylene glycol (EG) -water solution at 160 through a hydrothermal method. The volume ratio of EG to H2O plays an important role on the morphology control of ZnO. CH3COONH4 and NaOH were used as hydroxide source as well as complexing agents. The ZnO samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. The optical properties of the final products were investigated by UV-vis absorption spectrometer and photoluminescence. The formation mechanism was also discussed.
Fabrication of PST Nanotubes with Sol-Template Method and its Usage in Aluminum Foil Capacitor
Authors: Sun Xiao Hua , Li Xiu Neng , Zhou Sheng Gang , Zou Jun
Published: November 2010

Lead strontium titanate (PST) nanotubes were fabricated with sol-gel method on AAO template. Thermal evolution and phase transformation process of PST were characterized by Thermogravimetry and Differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that PST began to crystallize at 560°C and became perovskite structure without other phases. The morphology and structure of PST nanostructures was characterized by SEM and TEM. The capacitor of AAO and PST-AAO compound aluminum foil annealed at different temperature were tested with precision impedance analyzer. It revealed that the microstructures of PST were polycrystalline nanotube array and the capacitor of compound aluminum foil was increased for PST existing in the AAO, which indicated that this compound method could improve the capacitor of aluminum foil effectively.