bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sprinters
Authors: Narang Vipin
Published: September 2022

This chapter looks into sprinting, wherein states pursue nuclear weapons openly and deploy the aforementioned weapons as soon as possible. It lists cases from the Soviet Union, France, and China as examples of sprinters. Three countries openly pursued nuclear weapons for security matters, while some countries mortgaged their economies and other projects to achieve the weapons. The domestic political consensus was a crucial regulator in the timing of each nation's sprint to the bomb, while the choice of sprinting over was motivated by relative invulnerability to prevention. Most sprinters were from major countries with vast territories, not particularly salient non-proliferation considerations, and low-quality counter-proliferation.
The Hiders
Authors: Narang Vipin
Published: September 2022

This chapter focuses on hiding, one of the nuclear proliferation strategies. Some countries face possibilities of coercive and crippling threats from powerful states. Thus, hiding is chosen by states that face an underlying security threat and generated domestic consensus over nuclear weaponization. The other reasons for choosing the hiding strategy involve the absence of a major power's protection and the vulnerability to military or economic prevention. Taiwan and Syria have tried to use clandestine uranium and plutonium programs. On the other hand, Iran was forced into a hidden uranium enrichment pathway after Israel destroyed its plutonium pathway by bombing the Osirak reactor.
Growth under Limited Commitment
Authors: Aguiar Mark , Amador Manuel
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores the growth under limited commitment. Finance investment is one of the prominent reasons for international borrowing and lending. The government's lack of commitment impacts growth and capital flows as limited commitment distorts investment below the efficient level of capital. According to the empirical pattern, emerging economies with greater than average growth are regarded as net capital exporters. Additionally, a division of total wealth between public government and private will result in either public or private capital flows. The chapter discusses how debt overhang appears to be a more severe issue in numerous developing economies compared to developed countries.
Late Sixteenth Century to the Exaltation of Newton
Authors: Hardie Philip
Published: September 2022

This chapter surveys celestial aspirations articulated in British literature, mostly in verse, over a time span from the later sixteenth to the early eighteenth century. It mentions how strong impulses are channelled both by religious enthusiasm, and by natural-philosophical exaltation. The religious enthusiasm embraces the upwards rush of the assertive Protestant culture of France, England and Scotland, as well as the fashion in England, from the 1630s onwards, for imitations of the soaring neo-Latin poetry of the Roman Catholic Casimire Sarbiewski. The chapter discusses the impetus of the Lucretian tradition of mental flights into the boundless void which becomes supercharged by the vastnesses of space opened up by the new astronomy of the seventeenth century.
Remittances Fund Opponents
Authors: Escribà-Folch Abel , Meseguer Covadonga , Wright Joseph
Published: September 2022

This chapter looks into remittances fund opponents. It begins with how unreliable research on autocracy protests is due to limited protest data and its geographical and temporal coverage. The grievance model assumes that social and political discontent would encourage protests, while the resource model of political participation argues how remittances boost the organizational resources and capacity of the opposition. On the other hand, remittances provide an additional incentive for people demanding political change as it does not change the capacity required for mobilizing middle-class protests of protecting their assets. Migrants sending remittances indicate how they could boost their resources and the capacity to demand democracy through protests.
Nationalisms, Support for Conflict Escalation, and Militarism
Authors: Powers Kathleen E.
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores how nationalism could indicate support for conflict escalation and militarism. The relationship between nationalism, escalation, and militarism is dependent on its content of either equality or unity. A strong positive relationship had been found between nationalism and hawkishness with the unity group, but not so much with the equality group. Moreover, public opinion plays a vital role in theories that interlink nationalism, decision-making, and foreign policy. The contingent relationship between nationalism and militarism extends to individuals' broader foreign policy postures. On the other hand, a unified nationalism with solidarity could impede international competition. Public nationalism will only raise when fronted with threats and security competition.
Four Paths toward a Comparative Sociology of Regional Integration
Authors: Deutschmann Emanuel
Published: September 2022

This chapter identifies four paths that lead—from different angles—to the same main gap in past research: the lack of consideration given to the general tendency of transnational human activity to agglomerate within world regions and the missing sociological discussion of why this clustering happens and what it implies. The first path leads to this gap from below—that is, emanating from the nation-state society and the transnational activity that occurs when its borders are crossed. The second path comes from above—that is, from systems- and institutions-centered takes on “world-system,” “world polity,” or “world society.” Meanwhile, the third path comes from Europe, where sociologists have conceptualized regional integration via cross-border interaction. Finally, the fourth path comes from political science, where there is both an old tradition of comparative-universalist integration research and a new subdiscipline that revived this tradition. The chapter argues that this strand may, even though it focuses predominantly on institutionalized political integration, serve as a beacon for a sociological equivalent, a Comparative Sociology of Regional Integration.
Sensing the World
Authors: Martin Emily
Published: September 2022

This chapter looks at written letters and publications that have survived from an earlier time. It describes key finding from the nineteenth-century psychology labs, which established the thoroughly social way students were required to bring their life habits into sync with each other so they would be able to produce comparable data. It also mentions Lewis Henry Morgan, who is one of the earliest anthropologists in America and wrote treatises on the American Indians of the northeast, wherein sprouts of that work became ethnography. The chapter recounts the beginnings of experimental psychology in Wilhelm Wundt’s psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, with its introspective methods. Foreshadowing contemporary psychology, the experiments in Wundt’s laboratory all depended on the precise measurement of time intervals.
Envisaging “Productive Thinking”
Authors: Martin Emily
Published: September 2022

This chapter talks about Max Wertheimer, who launched the Gestalt movement in psychology with the publication of his investigations of the phi phenomenon. Wertheimer pioneered an approach to psychological theory and methodology that was the antithesis of behaviorism. It also details how the author drew on Mitchell Ash’s work on Gestalt theory in German culture and considered the contributions of Christian van Ehernfels in Prague, Oswald Külpe in Würzburg, and Carl Stumpf in Berlin. The chapter highlights the Gestalt approach that formed a vocal counterpoint to the method of trained introspection stressed by Wilhelm Wundt and his students and to the anti-subjective strictures of behaviorism. Wundt limited the usefulness of experimental methods to restricted domains, calling the facets of human experience that lay outside experimental knowledge “folk psychology.”
O fundo documental do Sindicato dos Músicos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e a pesquisa sobre as relações sociais de produção musical no Brasil: dualidade no trato com fontes primárias para a pesquisa musicológica brasileira
Authors: Requião Luciana
Published: September 2022

O presente texto trata do projeto que vem sendo desenvolvido junto ao fundo documental do Sindicato dos Músicos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Além de apresentar os processos iniciais de organização e salvaguarda deste material, são problematizadas questões pertinentes à dualidade no enfrentamento de problemas de ordem histórica e arquivística no trato com o acervo. Destaca-se a importância deste tipo de documento para os estudos sobre o trabalho no campo da música e que, apesar de não se tratar propriamente de um conjunto de documentos musicais, constitui-se como importante fonte primária para a pesquisa musicológica brasileira, em particular aquela que busca discutir as relações sociais de produção musical no Brasil.
Schola Cantorum “Santa Caecilia”: atribuição de repertório e proposta de cronologia
Authors: Prust Matheus Theodorovitz
Published: September 2022

Neste texto apresento uma proposta de atribuição de parte do conteúdo de dois acervos musicais de Santa Catarina, recentemente identificados, à Schola Cantorum “Santa Caecilia”, um dos mais antigos coros em atividade contínua no Brasil (1913- ). Os acervos em questão se relacionam ao contexto missionário franciscano na região interiorana do sul do país, a partir de 1890, mais especificamente na cidade de Canoinhas, no planalto norte de Santa Catarina. A abordagem é centrada no estudo do repertório sacro do acervo privado de Irmã Maria Carolina Gross e do acervo do Colégio Sagrado Coração de Jesus, alocado no Arquivo Histórico da Fundação Cultural Helmy Wendt Mayer. São apresentados e discutidos os procedimentos de análise material, que resultam em uma proposição de cronologia da Schola Cantorum, focalizada em momentos de interesses musicais particulares. A partir do texto, ainda, pretende-se destacar a necessidade de expansão dos esforços de investigações histórico-musicais em torno de temas não-canônicos.
Apresentação - volume 8, Número 1 - Patrimônio Musical Brasileiro
Authors: Castagna Paulo , Sandroni Carlos
Published: September 2022

LaborHistórico - Volume 8, número 1 (Patrimônio Musical Brasileiro).
A Pastoral das Exéquias no contexto da Covid-19: sepultamentos realizados sem o ritual da esperança
Authors: Souza Lindolfo Alexandre de , De Paula Blanches
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a suspensão da realização dos rituais das exéquias em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19, em função das medidas sanitárias governamentais implementadas, a fim de evitar o alastramento do vírus. Se para a Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana a realização da liturgia das exéquias antes do sepultamento é uma forma, entre outras, de acompanhar os momentos finais da pessoa falecida, entregando-a a Deus, bem como uma oportunidade para proferir uma palavra de conforto e de esperança às pessoas enlutadas, este texto, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, procura pensar em que medida a não realização desse serviço religioso deixa uma lacuna na atuação pastoral da instituição. Importante destacar que a suspensão do ritual das exéquias no contexto pandêmico não diz respeito a toda a Igreja Católica, mas a situações específicas e localizadas, como a da cidade de Campinas (SP), onde parte das cerimônias exequiais deixou de ser realizada.
Institucionalização do racismo religioso: reflexões sobre o racismo religioso institucionalizado na gestão de Sérgio Camargo na Fundação Cultural Palmares
Authors: Bonine Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Este artigo pretende refletir sobre o racismo religioso institucionalizado na gestão de Sérgio Camargo na Fundação Cultural Palmares. Para a análise, lança-se mão da leitura do edital lançado pelo Governo Federal promovendo a troca do logo da Fundação. O percurso analítico ocorre em duas vias: o conceito de racismo religioso à luz urgente de sua aplicabilidade na produção da Ciência da Religião e a ideia social de empoderamento enquanto um dispositivo fluido pela apropriação hegemônica do termo.
Sobre a amizade social e o amor político na encíclica Fratelli Tutti do Papa Francisco
Authors: Mattos José Roberto Abreu de , Separavich Marco Antonio
Published: September 2022

Em 2020, o Papa Francisco lançou a encíclica Fratelli Tutti: sobre a fraternidade e a amizade social, em que critica o modelo socioeconômico neoliberal global e os consequentes processos de exclusão social e empobrecimento a que estão sujeitas grandes parcelas da população mundial. Além disso, aponta o crescimento do individualismo, do egoísmo, do eficientismo social e o isolamento dos países ricos como fatores que presidem esses processos na atualidade. A partir dos conceitos de amizade social e amor político ancorados na ética cristã, conforme apresentados pelo Sumo Pontífice na referida encíclica, reflete-se, neste texto, sobre a possibilidade do resgate da valorização da dignidade da vida e da política na contemporaneidade.
COMMUNICATION COMPETENCY FOR TEACHERS OF YAKUT SPECIAL SCHOOL PURWOKERTO: POTENTIAL AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Sudaryanto Memet , Ummah Nadia Wirdah , Hares Y Uki , Anggoro P.N Bivit
Published: September 2022

The language skills of teachers in special schools (Sekolah Luar Biasa/SLB) possess specific characteristics and must be continuously improved. Language habituation for special students is a reflection of their daily communication skills. The teacher's need for classroom management for special students becomes a new challenge because teachers are expected to optimize the use of language in the classroom to enhance students' communication skills directly. Based on the background of the problem, it is essential to conduct a clinical pedagogical analysis for teachers in dealing with problems that occur in the classroom, especially in language learning and communication for special students at SLB B Yakut Purwokerto. In order to answer the formulation of the problem, this study employed a qualitative approach to answer the clinical-pedagogical analysis conducted. The analytical instruments include (1) analysis of vocal abilities such as tone, articulation, pronunciation, application of intonation in learning; (2) analysis of self-expression abilities such as mimics and gestures in learning; and (3) the attitude and mentality of communication in learning. Based on the results of the learning analysis, it shows that the teacher's language skills still need to be improved. On a scale of 100, the results of the analysis of four language skills in SLB teacher learning comprise of communication skills which are 8.2, and class management 7.8. The development of communication and interaction-based learning media acquired 7.0 by implementing learning media technology to initiate creative ideas from teachers of SLB B Yakut Purwokerto, which later can be a good atmosphere for other schools. Teachers improve pedagogic knowledge and competence in optimizing learning situations through quality and fun interactive learning. All teachers realize the urgency of mastering speaking skills: emphasizing essential points, intonation, clear articulation; hence, special students can understand the material quickly in enhancing students' abilities.
A social-ecological perspective for emerging cities: The case of Corniche promenade, “urban majlis” of Doha
Authors: Furlan Raffaello , Grosvald Michael , Azad Aamna
Published: September 2022

In the past decade, the capital city of Doha of the State of Qatar has experienced rapid urban expansion and other changes due to globalization, which has caused (i) the loss of a compact urban pattern, (ii) landscape fragmentation, and (iii) deficiency of green spaces. Therefore, as envisioned by Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV-2030), the State of Qatar plans to invest substantial funds into the urban regeneration of the built environment, along with the development of large areas of public parks as a means of promoting more sustainable urban development and enhancing city residents’ well-being. Accessibility contributes to the usability of public facilities on the part of the neighborhood community, thus enhancing city dwellers’ well-being. Nonetheless, the authors argue, the urban network along Doha’s Corniche promenade, the dominant open public space and the spine of the city, lacks connectivity at various scales of space. Therefore, this research study aimed to assess the existing conditions of Doha’s Corniche and recommend strategies for implementing its integration into the newly emerging city’s urban fabric. The findings, revealed through a network-analysis investigation based on graph theory, allowed us to generate a framework for shaping open public spaces, promoting higher living standards through a green network system planned at the city scale. The proposed framework addresses social-ecological challenges of distinctive open public spaces and helps define an approach for (i) tailoring the accessibility of open public spaces to their surroundings, and (ii) enhancing city dwellers’ well-being.
La salud mental desde una perspectiva transhumanista
Authors: Ramírez Manzano Nuria
Published: September 2022

Un análisis de la situación actual del estado de salud mental de un alto número de la población global basta para dar cuenta de la gravedad del asunto y plantear diversas posibles soluciones. El transhumanismopropone mejorar al ser humano mediante innovación tecnológica. En este trabajo se explica cómo esa innovación pude mejorar el bienestar del ser humano, analizando las consecuencias éticas y sociales de la propuesta del superbienestar y discutiendo también las críticas al transhumanismo por parte de los bioconservadores.
La salud mental y locura a partir de Michel Foucault
Authors: Madera Minondo María
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo realizaré una explicación y un repaso de algunas de las ideas expuestas por el filósofo francés Michel Foucault. Este filósofo tiene varias obras que han sido de interés al realizar este trabajo y formuló ciertas afirmaciones que hacen reflexionar a quien lea sobre él. A partir de sus ideas de poder, relaciones de poder, y locura, haré un análisis y lo trasladaré a la sociedad actual, para entender cómo es la salud mental en pleno siglo XXI. Para asegurar un mejor entendimiento y una mejor perspectiva, también se han buscado datos sobre las enfermedades mentales de hoy en día, tanto a nivel global como nacional (en España).
Hannah Arendt lee a Kafka
Authors: De Navascués Nicolás
Published: September 2022

En las últimas décadas se ha prestado una gran atención a la obra de Hannah Arendt: de su teoría acerca del totalitarismo a su polémico análisis del juicio de Eichmann, las páginas de la literatura secundaria acerca de la filósofa hebrea han crecido enormemente. Sin embargo, aquellos textos marginales, secundarios, en los que la autora ensayaba retratos de grandes hombres y mujeres de su tiempo permanecen, en gran medida, ocultos. En este artículo nos ocupamos de desentrañar la lectura que Arendt realizó del gran poeta de posguerra de lengua alemana: Franz Kafka. Esta relación, transida por el judaísmo, adoptó tres rostros diferentes a lo largo de los muchos años en que la pensadora estuvo escribiendo. La conceptualización que se realiza aquí gira en torno al eje de la gran obra The Origins of Totalitarianism para comprender al paria de buena voluntad, el contemporáneo apolíneo y el pensador del tiempo.
Causes of Maternal Mortality Rate: Postpartum Haemorrhage - A Major Cause in Madhya Pradesh
Authors:   PhD Scholar,  Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, Shrivastava Pinki
Published: September 2022

Maternal mortality is an indicator of the state of maternal health services, status of women, women’s health, and above all development of the nation. 15% of global maternal deaths can be attributed to India alone. The lifetime risk of maternal death in India is 1 in 220 as compared to 1 in 5800 in the UK. The major burden of maternal mortality is in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. As per recent SRS data, 2014–2016, the Maternal mortality rate (MMR) observed in Madhya Pradesh (MP) was 173.Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with a prevalence rate of approximately 6%; 50% of these are due to atonic PPH. According to WHO 2014- in India.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Bark Extracts of Ficus glomerata (Gular), a Lactiferous Deciduous Tree from Indian Origin
Authors:   MPharm (Pharmacology), Saraswati Higher Education and Technical College of Pharmacy, Varanasi, Utta Pradesh, India, Sharma Sonali
Published: September 2022

Medicinal plants have been used as traditional treatments for various kinds of human diseases for thousands of years. Ficus glomerata is an evergreen moderate to large sized spreading lactiferous, deciduous tree 15-18m high found in throughout the warmer part of Asia, Africa, America and Australia. It is often cultivated round villages in India for its edible fruit. The aim of the current study was to screen the various phytoconstituents from three different solvents viz ethanol, hydroalcohol and aqueous extracts of bark of Ficus glomerata. By using standard procedure these three different solvents extracts were subjected for qualitative phytochemical screening. It was found that bark extracts of this plant contains various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, triterpenoids and steroids. Resulting data from phytochemical testing of three different extracts of bark of Ficus glomerata may be serve as a tool for the quality control of drug in future prospect, for the cure of diverse disease conditions.
Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Sergiu Chirila , Tony Hangan , Mihaela Botnarciuc
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance following in vitro testing for sensitivity of isolated bacteria from uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

We analysed all results for all urine culture tests performed in a two months period, retrospectively analyzing medical record from one laboratory.

We identified E. coli in 71.4% of the positive cultures, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermitis. We identified 100% resistance of Gram negative bacteria in antimicrobials such as Cefuroxime and Ticarcillin. Fosfomycin and Amikacin provided good results, with high percentage of susceptible results.
Reflexiones críticas sobre las teorías de placer, sufrimiento y malestar desde la psicodinámica y las clínicas del trabajo
Authors: Gañán Moreno Anderson , Moreno Cabezas Sandra Catalina , Orejuela Gómez Johnny
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo corresponde a una reflexión crítica de las teorías de placer, sufrimiento y malestar en el trabajo, desde la psicodinámica del trabajo y las clínicas del trabajo. Se hizo un estudio cualitativo, en el que se analizaron diversos textos científicos en español y portugués sobre las clínicas del trabajo. Los resultados evidenciaron que, debido a su novedad, existe poca investigación sobre estas teorías en Colombia, tanto como subdisciplina y como posibilidad de intervención. Se destaca la poca atención que se presta al placer/malestar en los trabajadores, ya que se consideran conceptos de escasa relevancia para el bienestar de las personas en las organizaciones. Asimismo, se resaltan algunas de las diferencias entre el malestar y el sufrimiento, y su relación con la salud mental y la productividad en el trabajo.
Expression of some Serine Protease Encoding Genes and Trypsin-like Protease Activity in Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Infected with White Spot Syndrome Virus
Authors: Thai Le The , Thai Quach Hong , Loan Nguyen Thi Hong
Published: September 2022

In this study, trypsin-like protease activity and expression of serine protease encoding genes (PmPPAE1, PmPPAE2 - clip-serine proteases and PmTLP1, PmTLP2 - trypsin-like proteases) in the different tissues of black tiger shrimp were determined. The expression level of PmPPAE1 and PmPPAE2 was the highest in the hemolymph; meanwhile that of PmTLP1 and PmTLP2 was the highest in the hepatopancreas. In the hemolymph of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-injected shrimp, the expression of PmPPAE1, PmPPAE2 and PmTLP2 genes was upregulated by 2.32, 2.57 and 4.56-folds, respectively, whereas the expression of PmTLP1 was downregulated by 1.47-folds relative to the control group (injected with phosphate buffered saline). In the hepatopancreas of WSSV-injected shrimp, the expression levels of PmPPAE1, PmPPAE2 increased by 2.24 and 3.99-folds, respectively, and that of PmTLP1 and PmTLP2 decreased by 1.51, 1.29-folds, respectively. Trypsin-like protease activity was found increased 3.25-fold and decreased 4.1-fold, in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of WSSV-infected shrimp, respectively. These data indicate the role of serine proteases in immune response of the shrimp.
Foreign Lecturers Management in Higher Education Institutions: International Experiences and Suggestions
Authors: Nhai Nguyen Thi
Published: September 2022

By reviewing previous studies on foreign lecturers and foreign lecturers management, this paper aims at exploring experiences in managing foreign lecturers from an international perspective, which can be applied to higher education institutions (HEIs) in Vietnam. These experiences are expected to attract more foreign lecturers and utilize them successfully, which in turn improves the quality of training, scientific research and international integration of HEIs in Vietnam. To accomplish these purposes, this study has used the method of reviewing documents related to foreign lecturers and managing foreign lecturers. The results of this article demonstrate increasingly important roles of foreign lecturers in HEIs, the diverse difficulties they encounter when working there, as well as various factors motivating them to come to these institutions. By summarizing the experiences of managing foreign lecturers in reviewing countries, the article proposes some policy suggestions and solutions for managing foreign lecturers in HEIs in Vietnam.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP HILANGNYA HAK PILIH PENDUDUK DALAM PILKADES SERENTAK DI DESA AWILUAR KECAMATAN LUMBUNG KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Budiaman Hendi , Iskandar Taopik , Asifa Ajeng Retna
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang hak memilih sebagai hak konstitusional setiap warga negara dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi khususnya dalam pelaksanaan Pilkades serentak di Desa Awiluar Kecamatan Lumbung Kabupaten Ciamis. Hak memilih merupakan hak konstitusional setiap warga negara yang diakui sebagai bagian dari hak atas kedudukan yang sama dalam hukum dan pemerintahan sebagaimana dijamin Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Jaminan mengenai hak memilih dalam pilkades diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 tahun 2014 Tentang Desa. Pasal 34 ayat (1) dinyatakan bahwa Kepala Desa dipilih langsung oleh penduduk desa. Pemilihan Kepala Desa serentak di kabupaten Ciamis dilaksanakan tanggal 12 April 2020. Pada bulan Maret 2020 terjadi Pandemi Covid-19, Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa Serentak ditunda dan pada akhirnya dilaksanakan pada hari sabtu tanggal 19 Desember 2020. Sebelum pelaksanaan pemungutan suara berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Bupati Ciamis Nomor 141/Kpts.577-Huk/2020, menetapkan bahwa panitia melakukan pencatatan, perbaikan daftar pemilih yang tadinya belum berusia 17 Tahun dan pada saat tanggal 19 Desember 2020 sudah berumur 17 Tahun dan melakukan perubahan kepada masyarakat yang berstatus Tentara NasioanaI Indonesia/Polisi Republik Indonesia Ketika sudah pensiun saat 19 Desember 2020 di masukan kedalam DPT. Pemutahiran data pemilih tidak dilakukan pemutahiran data DPS terlebihdahulu sehingga yang tadinya tidak masuk dalam DPS karena belum berdomisili selama 6 bulan pada akhirnya tidak dimasukan dalam DPT. Hasil dari pemungutan suara setelah dilakukan rekapitulasi perhitungan suara dinyatakan Sdr Momon Abdul Rahman mendapatkan perhitungan suara terbanyak dengan jumlah 1525 suara yang dinyatakan sah.
A Zulu king in conversation with the world: Translational and transcultural strategies in Chaka (1981) by Thomas Mofolo
Authors: Loots Sonja
Published: September 2022

This article discusses Chaka (1981) by Thomas Mofolo as a transcultural text written by a transcultural author. It had hybrid origins, was written with local and global audiences in mind and forges linkages between different ethnicities, nations, languages and literary traditions. In this way it disrupts the centre periphery polarity associated with stark distinctions between “European” and “African” literatures. In shifting the attention to the transcultural entanglements without which Chaka would never have been written or read, I am being mindful of the view of Rebecca Walkowitz, outlined in her book Born Translated (2015), that some literary works begin collaboratively and comparatively, in multiple languages and geographical locations, and are targeted to readerships in various cultures and languages. Walkowitz examines the importance of these literary processes in contemporary Anglophone literature, but I will argue that Mofolo’s novel was in its own way “born translated” and displays many of the characteristics highlighted by Walkowitz in her discussions of writers like J. M. Coetzee, Haruki Marukami and Jamaica Kincaid. The article outlines how translation shaped Mofolo’s novel and became a condition of its production, how its literary and political meanings are influenced by the fact that it exists in different editions in different languages and in different markets, and the multiple ways in which Mofolo’s novel can be understood as “born translated” writing.
What Universities Owe Democracy, by Ronald J. Daniels, with Grant Shreve and Phillip Spector
Authors: Feng Shanshan , Dai Yiping
Published: September 2022

Johns Hopkins University Press. 2021. pp. 336.
ISBN: 978-1-42144269-3
Teacher Educators’ Conceptualisation of Technology in Malawi: A Critical Perspective
Authors: Gondwe Foster
Published: September 2022

This study took a critical perspective to explore teacher educators’ conceptualisation of instructional technology in Malawi. Participants included teacher educators from three different public teacher education institutions, and staff members of a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) that trains teachers and student teachers in the use of digital education technology. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The findings showed prominence of the media view of instructional technology, especially digital technologies. These conceptualisations appear to be shaped by the teacher educators’ prior training, experience in teaching an instructional technology course, and organisational structures that facilitate the use of instructional technology at the institutions under study. These findings might be useful for teacher educators’ technology professional development content and activities. The findings can also provide insights into extending conversations on the applicability of Teacher Educator Technology Competencies (TETCs) in contexts beyond the USA, where they were primarily developed.
The Quality of Primary School Teacher Training in HIV/AIDS Pedagogy in Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Maphalala Mncedisi , Magaya Savania
Published: September 2022

Teacher training is important for both pre-service and in-service teachers to allow them to increase their competence and confidence in teaching about HIV/AIDS in schools. The link between instruction and culture in HIV/AIDS teaching and learning within African contexts is subject to debate. Some argue that African culture is adaptable to Western pedagogic styles, while others maintain that the two are dichotomised. For this study, a qualitative research approach was used to explore the quality of training received by primary school teachers in preparing them to teach about HIV/AIDS using participatory pedagogy. Purposive sampling was used to identify 15 participants from 10 schools. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews followed by non-participant observation were used to collect data from five teachers. Focus group discussions with 10 teachers were conducted and document analysis was also done. The study reveals that teachers have knowledge about participatory teaching techniques. However, this is not fully reflected in the documents and practical lesson delivery. The nature of primary school teacher training in HIV/AIDS pedagogy is weak and limited. There is a lack of teacher training to handle sensitive cultural issues in HIV/AIDS teaching and learning. The study concludes that primary school teachers’ preparation for HIV/AIDS teaching and learning is inadequate. It is recommended that both pre-service and in-service teachers should undergo a structured HIV/AIDS training programme to increase their competence and confidence in teaching this critical aspect.
Examining Learners’ Understandings of Algebraic Variables: Evidence from Modelling in the Classroom
Authors: Ketema Solomon
Published: September 2022

In response to difficulties in learning algebra, researchers claim that the modelling approach is a powerful tool to build a foundation for learning mathematics at the middle school level. This article explores the conceptual difficulties and understandings of variables that Grade 8 learners have when they work in a modelling activity after these concepts have been learned from Grades 5–8. To this end, 25 Grade 8 learners in one school (in one classroom) in North Wollo district were conveniently sampled to participate in this qualitative methods study. In this study, data were collected using audio recordings of communicative events and analysed using learners’ conversational statements during their discussion to solve the modelling activity. The findings in this study indicate that participating learners’ understandings of algebraic concepts (variables, constructs and sub-constructs) after these concepts were taught using the traditional method of teaching from Grades 5–8 did not equip them with the necessary skills to understand variables as unknown quantities involved in real-life problem situations. This study provides an insight for teachers to incorporate modelling in their classrooms by exploring the strategies in the textbook to explain concepts in mathematics through the lens of Action, Process, Object, Schema theory. It could also serve as a catalyst for further investigation on the effectiveness of the teaching treatment implemented in this study in other domains of mathematics with the aim of helping learners develop a sound conceptual understanding.
Agency Curtailed: Implications for the Integration of Environmental Education in Life Sciences
Authors: Munasi Khathutshelo Ronald , Madikizela-Madiya Nomanesi
Published: September 2022

When realised and exercised, professional agency may contribute towards the achievement of the global environmental education (EE) goals. Based on this notion, we embarked on a research project to identify this possibility regarding the integration of EE in Life Sciences in a South African context. While the South African national education policy makes provision for the integration of EE across curricula, previous research has indicated non-integration in practice. This research project was aimed at clarifying why this was the case. Three teachers and one subject advisor were interviewed using semi-structured questions. The exam-oriented approach to teaching was found to be the main factor that curtailed professional agency of both the teachers and the subject advisor towards promoting practices for the integration of EE in the subject. The article concludes by pointing to the implications of the exam-oriented approach for the socio-environmental relevance of the education system and EE in particular.
Enhancing Graduate Attributes through Work-Integrated Learning: Students’ Perspective
Authors: Moalosi Richie , Letsholo Paulson , Matake Botumile , Ollyn Mathews
Published: September 2022

Work-integrated learning inspires students to embrace prospective future careers, thereby contributing to economic innovation and growth. Universities must incorporate work-integrated learning into the curricula to promote students’ personal and career development goals. It enables students to integrate theory and practice and to assess their experiential learning as well as exposing them to the world of work. This study investigates the contribution of work-integrated learning to enhancing graduate attributes of industrial design students at the University of Botswana. Few in-depth studies have assessed how work-integrated learning enhances the graduate attributes of industrial design students. A case study was conducted with 21 University of Botswana industrial design students. The results were based on students self-reporting after undertaking a 14-week work-integrated learning experience. The participants reported that 98% of the graduate attributes were positively attained. Teamwork and adaptability were the top two graduate attributes that were perceived to have been attained. The results suggest that work-integrated learning enables students to learn by doing, which enhances personal and professional graduate attributes important to gain employment and succeed in the workplace. Consequently, institutions of higher learning must review their teaching and learning pedagogies to align them with the needs of the work environment, civic engagement and the fourth industrial revolution to produce technically and professionally competent graduates. The curriculum review should also foster a decolonial and transformative lens in higher education in the Global South
Is there an Inherent Secularising Tendency in Christianity (Gauchet)? Yes, but beware (Voegelin and Taylor)
Authors: Giddy John Patrick
Published: September 2022

The secularisation idea is that modernity leaves religion behind. But for Gauchet, modernity just is religion transformed, without remainder. The Axial Age discovery of the inner world of the psyche and its symbolic expressions, was at the same time a growth in understanding of God as creator, transcendent and incommensurable with all of creation. Henceforth, religion would be in the key of personal struggle and symbolic transformation, putting aside heteronomy. Taylor adds a caveat: the self-image of the self-sufficient, autonomous individual subtracted from the canopy of “higher” mythological entities obscures the basic human need for recognition and identity. This issues in an unhelpful politics of mobilisation and manipulation. Likewise, Voegelin sees both liberal modernity and present-day religion as largely gnostic, closed and ideological versions of the traditions. Secular public policy types the religions as sects. But the autonomy of self-determination arises out of religion, and a plausible secularisation thesis would see contemporary culture as containing within it the possibility for a secular expression of the authentic religious tradition—including resistance to sect-like religiosity. The revisionist history suggested here entails a rethink of the image of modernity in terms of a complete break with the pre-secular culture, and entails a re-positioning of religion within secular society.
Johane Masowe Chishanu Church Theology and Spirituality: A Transition from the Written Bible to Holy Spirit Utterances
Authors: Musoni Phillip
Published: September 2022

This article was written at a time when decoloniality was generating a heated debate at most African universities. The point of departure of the debate is that, since Africans were born into a valid and legitimate religious knowledge system that predates the arrival of Western missionaries on the land, can African Initiated Churches (AICs) acknowledge these valid and legitimate indigenous knowledge systems and still retain the tag “African Christian churches?” These legitimate indigenous religious knowledge systems include, but are not limited to, Africans’ way of accessing the divine through oral transmission without reading books and by shunning temples, as they appropriate African traditional shrines for worship. This is so because the dawn and unfolding of Eurocentric modernity, through colonialism and European missionaries, introduced particular ways of accessing the divine through the reading of books (the Bible) and temple gatherings. These, among other factors, gave rise to the emergence of the Johane Masowe Chishanu Church (JMC Church) in Zimbabwe. Since its emergence in the 1930s, the JMC Church has developed a theology that tries to liberate Africans from colonial hegemony by distancing its theology from White missionary inventions such as worshipping in temples and the reading of the Bible in church, as this church prefers open space worship and the utterances of the Holy Spirit (tsanangudzo dzewmeya), among other things. Thus, the JMC Church, like many other AICs, is a reactionary movement that questioned the White man’s innovation, Western epistemologies and European cultural imperialism in a bid to romanticise the past. Accordingly, this article discusses the JMC Church as disregarding the Bible with regard to its spirituality in an attempt to free its theology from Eurocentric hegemony. Thus, the main question raised in this article is: Does the written Scripture matter for theology within AICs in the post-colonial period? Or, does this movement retain the tag “an African Christian church” after disregarding the Bible for theology?
Groundwork for a New Kind of African Metaphysics: The Idea of Predeterministic Historicity, by Aribiah David Attoe
Authors: Agada Ada
Published: September 2022

Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, 117 + xxii
ISBN: 978-3-030-91109-6
Can the Use of Impepho Leaves Extend beyond Traditional to Modern Medicine? An Opinion
Authors: Belani Aviwe , Oladimeji Kelechi Elizabeth , Hyera Francis Leonard , Matubatuba Chrys , Juzang Ivan J
Published: September 2022

Impepho is an indigenous African herb well known to most people in South Africa, particularly Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces. The term “Impepho” is how the IsiXhosa speaking tribe from Eastern Cape called this herb while the IsiZulu’s from KwaZulu-Natal called it “Imphepho”. Despite documented uses for healing by traditional healers, especially in Africa, the healing abilities and mechanism of Impepho remain under-studied by science and medicine for modern drug development. There is a disconnection between medical scholars and traditional healers on how adequately and jointly to use this herb. We therefore urge researchers to work with traditional healers and medical professionals in South Africa and other African countries to carry out additional scientific studies on the Impepho herb.
The Role of the Judiciary to Construct a Concise and Balanced Judgment on the Right to Life vis-à-vis Economic Life of Persons: Some Thoughts on Mohamed v President of the Republic of South Africa 2020 (7) BCLR 865 (GP) and De Beer v Minister of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs 2020 (11) BCLR 1349 (GP)
Authors: Bidie Simphiwe , Ntlama-Makhanya Nomthandazo , Phela Anathi
Published: September 2022

This article examines the centrality of the judicial response to government’s constitutional obligations in balancing competing rights in the protection of the right to life vis-à-vis the preservation of human livelihood when government declares a state of emergency. The objective is to decipher whether the judgments managed to properly balance the competing interests during emergency times. The challenge to the regulations was their alleged failure to meet the minimum standard of reasonableness and justification envisaged by the Constitution, resulting in adverse effects on people’s fundamental rights. Consequently, the judiciary was called to play its indispensable role and resolve the legal discords. The article argues that the protection of life vis-à-vis economic livelihood are interdependent as they (in)directly influence the enjoyment of each right. The argument is built on the regulations that restricted the movement of persons adopted with the intent to “flatten the curve” as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article imparts that balancing constitutional rights is imperative not only when emergency times arise. It also posits that it is not how an individual person portrays a regulation in a particular circumstance. Rather, what is key is whether those on the receiving end are willing to appreciate the reason behind a policy and its regulatory framework. It is also whether the imposition of the law on others is done with care and sensitivity.
The Accused’s Right to be Tried in his/her Presence in Africa: Understanding the Constitutions of Different African Countries in the Light of Article 7(1)(c) of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira
Published: September 2022

The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights does not provide for the accused’s right to be tried in his/her presence. Article 7(1)(c) of the African Charter provides that an accused has ‘the right to defence, including the right to be defended by counsel of their choice.’ Article 7(1)(c) of the African Charter should be compared to Article 14(3)(d) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) which provides that an accused has a right ‘[t]o be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through legal assistance.’ However, the African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights invoked Article 14(3)(d) of the ICCPR and jurisprudence from, inter alia, the Human Rights Committee, to hold that Article 7(1)(c) of the African Charter also provides for the accused’s right to be tried in his or her presence. In some African countries, the constitutions explicitly provide for the accused’s right to be tried in his/her presence, but the constitutions of the majority of African countries do not. These constitutions do, however, provide for the accused’s right to defence. In a few African countries, the constitutions neither provide for the accused’s right to defence nor the right to be tried in their presence. In this article the author argues, inter alia, that an accused has a right to be present at his or her trial even in countries where the constitutions are silent on this right. The author also highlights the circumstance in which an accused’s trial may take place in his or her absence under the ICCPR, the African Charter and in different African countries.
Toward New International Standards on Emergencies: Extreme Emergencies and the New Negation of Fundamental Rights
Authors: Kamdem Kamga Gerard
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this article is to discuss what could soon become the new international standards on emergencies. The terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 in the United States paved the way for the legalisation of practices and facts that until then were the trademark of totalitarian societies. While traditional emergencies such as a state of exception and a state of emergency are the object of strict regulations under domestic and international law, especially in terms of human rights protection, extreme emergencies account for a situation where owing to terrorism threats (real or alleged) fundamental rights, including non-derogable rights can now be brought to a standstill. At the heart of my paper, lies an assessment of contemporary legal systems that have reacted to terrorist threats with emergency measures that differ in nature from more traditional emergency powers, with the latter being more ‘legalistic’ and respectful of human rights guarantees.