bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception of The Aesthetics of a Smile in Patients Post Using Orthodonic Treatment Based on Characteristics
Authors: Hadi Lina , Valerin Angelina  , Zulfan Muttaqin  , Berliana Sihombing
Published: March 2021

Aesthetics is a philosophy of the concept of beauty which is the reason people takeorthodontic treatment. One of the factors that influence aesthetics is a smile. Apartfrom personal experiences and social environment, the patient's perception of theaesthetics of the smile after orthodontic treatment can be influenced bycharacteristics. This study aims to determine the perception of smile aesthetics inpost-orthodontic patients based on characteristics. This type of research is descriptiveanalytic with cross sectional design. The study population were patients who wererecorded in medical records at the practice of drg. Josep Ginting, Sp. Ort in Pontianak,West Kalimantan Province with a sample size of 30 people. Collecting data bydistributing questionnaires containing nine aesthetic indicators of smiles through theWhatsApp application. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test. Based onthe results of the study, it was seen that there were differences in the aestheticperceptions of respondents' smiles based on age (p = 0.017), gender (p = 0.004) andeducation (p = 0.015). The conclusion of this study is that there are differences inpatient perceptions of aesthetic smile after orthodontic treatment based on thecharacteristics in the practice of drg. Josep Ginting, drg, Sp. Ort in Pontianak, WestKalimantan.
The Effect of Product Quality, Price Perception and Promotion on Customer Satisfaction and its Impact on Customer Loyalty of PT Makmur Jaya Agro Pesticides
Authors: Suharyono Suharyono , Mifta Elfahmi
Published: March 2021

A B S T R A C TThis study aims to determine the direct effect of Product Quality, Price Perceptionand Promotion on Consumer Satisfaction of PT Makmur Jaya Agro's pesticides,as well as to determine the indirect effect of these variables on Customer Loyaltythrough Customer Satisfaction. As many as 160 respondents of PT Makmur JayaAgro's pesticide consumers who came from the Subang Regency area were theobjects of this study. The research model used the Structural Equation Model(SEM) with the help of analysis tools SPSS Version 26 and Lisrel Version 8.30.The results showed that Product Quality, Price Perception and Promotion had apositive and significant effect on Customer Satisfaction. Customer Satisfaction isan intervening variable dependent on customer loyalty where Product Quality,Price Perception and Promotion have a positive and significant effect on CustomerLoyalty through Customer Satisfaction. This research can be useful forcompanies to identify, plan and manage steps and policies to increase CustomerSatisfaction and Customer Loyalty..
اعداد تمرينات بالأثقال استنادا للوزن النسبي للذراع وتأثيرها في القوة المميزة بالسرعة والحد الاقصى لاستهلاك الاوكسجين والمهارة المركبة (الاستلام والطبطبة المنتهي بالتهديف السلمي)
Authors: مطشر عبد الرضا فراس
Published: March 2021

ان التطور السريع الذي يشهده العالم في جميع ميادين الحياة ومنها الجانب الرياضي والذي قد يعد فيبعض االحيان معيا ار ن المختصين في علوم الرياضة بإيجاد الطرق ً لتقدم البلدان، مما يحتم على الباحثين واألكاديمييالمناسبة والعلمية للوصول للتطور الالزم لالرتقاء بالمستوى الفني لالعب ووصوالً لرياضة االنجاز والمستويات المتقدمةومنها في لعبة كرة السلة وبسبب خصوصيتها من حيث االداء السريع والتي هي مزيج ما بين الجانب البدني والمهاريفضال عن الجانب الوظيفي وهو انعكاس التطور الحاصل داخل جسم الرياضي، وكل هذه العوامل المذكورة البد منالوصول بها للمستويات العليا ألجل اعداد الالعب بالشكل الصحيح وهذا ال يأتي اال من خالل استخدام الطرائق التدريبيةبأنواعها والمناسبة وحسب الهدف المراد تطويره، ومن وجهه نظر الباحث يرى بأن طرق التدرب باستخدام االثقال)المقاومات( دو ارً مهماً سواء في تطوير الجانب البدني والمهاري وايضاً الوظيفي لما لها من تأثير مباشر على جميعاً اجهزة الجسم تقريباً وخصوص الجهاز العضلي والتنفسي والدوري.ان االستخدام الدقيق والصحيح للمقاومات ومنها االثقال أثناء التدريبات خالل الوحدات التدريبية تعد طريقةصحيحة ومباشرة لتطوير الجانب المهاري، الن المهارة من وجهة نظر الباحث تسير بشكل متوازي في التطور معالجانب البدني والوظيفي وكلها هي عبارة عن عوامل متدخلة فيما بينها إلظهار االداء بالشكل الصحيح، ومن هنا تأتياهمية البحث في استخدام تمرينات باألثقال حسب الوزن النسبي للذراع ومعرفة تأثيرها في القوة المميزة بالسرعة والحداالقصى الستهالك االوكسجين والمهارة المركبة )االستالم والطبطبة العالية المنتهي بالتصويب السلمي(.
استخدام الادوات المساعدة لتطوير القوة الانفجارية و تأثيرها في أداء بعض مهارات التهديف بكرة السلة بأعمار دون (18 سنة)
Authors: Abedulsattar Muhanned , Majeed Omar
Published: March 2021

اشتمل هذا البحث على النحو الاتي:

  تم التطرق في الباب الاول إلى التطور في مجال علم التدريب الرياضي من خلال استخدام الوسائل المساعدة التي تسهم في تطوير اللاعبين بدنيا. اذ تكمن أهمية البحث في استخدام ادوات مساعدة لتطوير القوة الانفجارية واداء مهارات التهديف بكرة السلة.

اما مشكلة البحث فذكر فيه الباحث أن الاعداد البدني لم يأخذ دوره وحجمه الحقيقيين في عملية التدريب بحسب ظروف المنافسة الخاصة بلعبة كرة السلة. كما تم التطرق الى هدف البحث وفرضه فضلاً عن مجالات البحث.

اما الباب الثاني فقد تناول الباحث في هذا الباب بعض الموضوعات النظرية المتعلقة بموضوع بحثه، إذ تم التطرق الى طرائق تدريب القوة الانفجارية ومهارات التهديف.

     اما الباب الثالث فقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي على عينة من لاعبي المركز الوطني لرعاية الموهبة الرياضية في بغداد بكرة السلة (المدرسة التخصصية) وللموسم الرياضي (2015-2016م) للأعمار دون (18) سنة للشباب اذ بلغ عدد افرادها (8) لاعبين تمثلت بمجموعة تجريبيه واحده.

    اما في الباب الرابع فقد تم عرض النتائج ومناقشتها عن طريق استخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية الإحصائية spss، إذ توصل الباحث من خلالها إلى حدوث تطور في القوة الانفجارية و اداء بعض المهارات الهجومية بكرة السلة.

اما الباب الخامس فقد  تم استنتاج أن التدريب البدني باستخدام الوسائل المساعدة كان ذا فاعلية في تطوير الاداء البدني مما انعكس في تطور الجانب المهاري، كما اوصى الباحث بضرورة تخصيص وقت من أيام التدريب لتطوير الجوانب البدنية فضلا عن ضرورة الاهتمام الجدي من لدن المدربين بتدريب القدرات البدنية باستخدام الوسائل التدريبية المساعدة
Houston, We Have a Gentrification Problem
Authors: Byers Madeline Marguerite
Published: March 2021

Local environmental improvement plans are increasingly popular among urban planners. As climate change and environmental justice concerns increase, many communities demand a change in local land use policies that put these concerns at the forefront. One such community is the city of Houston, Texas, which issued several environmental improvement plans in recent years after the devastation of Hurricane Harvey. As used in this Comment, an environmental improvement plan is a local government planning initiative that aims to implement positive environmental change in urban areas historically burdened by environmental hazards. Such neighborhoods are often undeveloped, low-socioeconomic communities blighted by an accumulation of hazardous pollutants. These communities lack open, green space, clean and affordable natural resources, and resiliency against natural disasters. However, when cities successfully implement environmental improvement plans, targeted neighborhoods often undergo gentrification, thereby displacing the poorer community members into another area blighted by the same environmental hazards the plan was intended to protect them from. This Comment seeks to explore the intended benefits of Houston’s various environmental improvement initiatives, to evaluate the current gentrification trends in Houston neighborhoods targeted for improvement, and to highlight the potential future concerns for vulnerable Houston neighborhoods as these new land-use policies go into effect. Environmental improvement plans are an important and necessary aspect of responsible and sustainable development, but, if implemented without regard to possible gentrification effects, they can have negative, unintended consequences on a city’s diversity and economic health. Fortunately, there are ways that city planners and community members can mitigate these negative effects and ensure positive change and inclusive growth.
Let Them Learn
Authors: Martinez Christian
Published: March 2021

Organizations often conduct probing self-studies to review internally existing policies, procedures, and business methods. Yet, despite an increasing social need for these studies, the Texas legislature has yet to construct a privilege designed to protect an organization from being harmed from these studies by adverse litigants. The self-critical analysis privilege, or SCAP, is an alluring, common law doctrine that protects the free flow of information sharing through an organization’s self-assessment. This Comment proposes a model statute for the codification of the SCAP for the consideration of the Texas legislature. This model statute is not a general codification of the privilege. Instead, the statute is meant to apply only to Texas’s Design-Build industry. This Comment discusses the significant policy considerations supporting the SCAP and analyzes case law to derive proper drafting language. Although this proposed model statute narrowly applies to Texas’s Design-Build industry, the hope is to have a workable statute that could apply to general products, oil and gas, and other property related industries.
Education as an instrument of cultural expansion
Authors: Сулимов С.И.
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена анализу роли школьного образования в экспансионистских процессах. Опираясь на современные отечественные исследования, автор определяет сущность экспансии и колониализма как одного из ее видов. Разграничивая такие формы экспансии как политическая, экономическая и культурная (религиозный прозелитизм относится к культурной экспансии), автор полагает, что организация начального образования в колониях гарантирует прочность результатов колониальной экспансии, в какой бы форме она ни происходила. Но если учреждаемая система образования не будет гармонировать с культурной картиной мира потенциальных учеников, то ее применение окажется бесполезным. Автор рассматривает применение школьного образования в процессе колонизации на широком круге примеров от Сибири до индейских резерваций.

This work is devoted to the analysis of the role of school education in expansionist processes. Based on modern domestic studies, the author discovers the sense of expansion and defines colonialism as one of its types. Distinguishing between such forms of expansion as political, economic and cultural (religious proselytism refers to cultural expansion), the author believes that the organization of primary education in the colonies is a guarantee of the strength of the results of colonial expansion, in whatever form it takes place. However, if the educational system being established does not harmonize with the cultural picture of the world of potential students, then its application will be useless. The author examines the application of school education in the process of colonization on a wide range of the examples — from the Siberia to the Indian reservations.
Hunting and trading culture of Chelkans is the basis of ecological education
Authors: Пустогачева О.Н.
Published: March 2021

Челканцы — тюркоязычный народ, коренной малочисленный народ РФ, проживающий в Республике Алтай. По последней переписи 2010 г. официально численность челканцев составляет 1181 человек. В основе охотничье-промысловой культуры челканского народа заключена вся мудрость народа, свод правил жизни, практическая философия, накопленная веками.

Chelkans are Turkic-speaking people, an indigenous small-numbered people of the Russian Federation, living in the Altai Republic. According to the last census of 2010, the official population of Chelkans is 1181 people. The basis of the hunting and trading culture of the Chеlkan people is all the wisdom of the people, a set of rules ofl ife, a practical philosophy accumulated over the centuries.
Oriental motivs in Russian fairly tales
Authors: Пачаи И.
Published: March 2021

Исследование фольклора — важная задача культурологии, антропологии, лингвистики, истории. Вслед за Н.С. Трубецким изучая культурные традиции «русской культурной зоны», можно проследить восточные мотивы в русских сказках, названных Е.М. Мелетским «мифологическими сказками». Этот жанр фольклора хранит архаичные элементы верований и обычаев, важную информацию о нематериальном культурном наследии. В ходе нашего исследования русских волшебных сказок было установлено, что ряд из них может служить источником по обычному праву и героическому эпосу алтайцев и тюрок, а также верованиям урало-алтайского шаманизма. Разрозненные восточные мотивы свидетельствуют о контактах русских с многими другими народами.

The study of folklore is an important task of cultural studies, anthropology, linguistics, and history. After N.S. Trubetskoy, studying the cultural traditions of the «Russian cultural zone», one can trace oriental motives in Russian fairy tales named by E.M. Meletsky «mythological tales». This genre of folklore preserves archaic elements of beliefs and customs, as well as important information about intangible cultural heritage. While researching Russian fairy tales, it was found that a number of them can serve as a source for the customary law and the heroic epic of the Altaians and Turks, as well as the beliefs of Ural-Altaic shamanism. Scattered eastern motifs indicate Russian contacts with many other peoples.
Sociocultural and anthropological aspects of the feat in the Bashkirs worldview
Authors: Рахматуллина З.Н.
Published: March 2021

Автор рассматривает концепты подвига и родной земли в традиционной картине мира башкир. В башкирской культуре концепт подвига обладает особенной значимостью: подвиг выступает одним из механизмов регуляции общества, а на индивидуально-психологическом уровне определяет готовность личности к поступку. В основе подвига лежит представление об идеальном, находящее отражение в мифоэпических, литературных произведениях, органически соединивших в себе историческую память и духовный опыт народа. Устойчивость мифологического сознания позволяет сакрализировать героическое историческое прошлое народа, передавая память о нем из поколения в поколение, перенося ее в сферу повседневной жизни.

The author considers the concepts of the feat and the native land in the Bashkir traditional worldview. In Bashkir culture, the concept of a feat has a special significance: the feat acts as one of the mechanisms for regulating society, and at the individual psychological level determines the readiness of the individual to act. At the heart of the feat is the idea of the ideal, which is reflected in mythoepical, literary works, organically combining the historical memory and spiritual experience of the people. The stability of the mythological consciousness allows us to sacralize the heroic historical past of the people, passing it down through generations, transferring it to the sphere of everyday life.
Structural and Contextual features of the Textbook «Literature of the peoples of Russia» for the 4th grade
Authors: Хайруллин Р.З. , Верхоломова Е.В. , Суржикова Л.Ф.
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются структурно-содержательные особенности учебника «Литература народов России» для 4-го класса в школах с многонациональным составом учащихся. Внимательное прочтение художественного произведения в учебнике служит базой для литературоведческого анализа. В учебнике учитываются психологические особенности восприятия литературы народов России русскоязычными учащимися; реализуется диалогический подход к литературным произведениям народов России, что представляется особенно важным в условиях школ национальных регионов РФ, а также школ с многонациональным составом учащихся, изучающих как русскую, так и родную литературу.

The article analyses structural and substantial features of the textbook «Literature of the peoples of Russia» for the 4th grade of schools with the multinational classrooms. The special attention in the textbook is paid to attentive reading of the works of art which is the base for the literary analysis. In the textbook psychological features of perception of literature of the peoples of Russia are considered by Russian-speaking students. It is noted that the textbook dialogical approach to literary works of the peoples of Russia is implemented. It is especially important for the schools of national regions of the Russian Federation and schools with the multinational classrooms where students study both the Russian, and their native literature.
CONTROLE DE MILHO VOLUNTÁRIO COM DIFERENTES PRINCÍPIOS ATIVOS
Authors: Sousa Hugo Abreu de , Fernandes Luís Carlos de Sousa , Rezende Cláudia Fabiana Alves
Published: March 2021

São diversos componentes do processo que afetam negativamente a produção agrícola, sendo as plantas daninhas um dos aspectos mais cruciais. O cultivo da soja RR com presença de milho RR é considerado um problema técnico. As sementes de milho que resistem sobre o solo germinam na cultura da soja, infestando-a e formando um conflito interespecífico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de herbicidas para o controle de milho voluntário RR, em diferentes dosagens e estágios de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Rio dos Bois, Silvânia, GO. O período de condução do experimento foi entre os meses de abril e maio de 2020. Foi separado uma área de 125 m² dividida em cinco canteiros com 25 m², contendo 50 cm de espaçamento entre linhas, 3,0 sementes m-1 linear-1. A cultivar utilizada foi o milho híbrido 2b433PW da Brevant®, o plantio foi realizado no dia 20/04/2020. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições, utilizando os herbicidas para o controle do milho voluntário. Para a interpretação dos resultados, foram definidos níveis de controle (conceitos) em função de faixas de eficiência de controle, utilizando a escala proposta pela Asociación Latinoamericana de Malezas. Na terceira avaliação feita com 21 dias após as aplicações, foi observado o maior controle do tratamento com clorimuron na pré-emergência, e com haloxyfope na pós-emergência, levando um ótimo controle à todas as plantas tratadas. Todos foram bem eficazes, tanto os herbicidas pré-emergentes como o clorimurom e o diclosulan, tanto nos pós-emergentes como o haloxyfope e cletodim. O clorimurom e o haloxyfope se mostraram mais eficientes em relação a morte rápida das plantas.
Környezetpolitikai diskurzus a Kínai Kommunista Párt kongresszusain előadott pártfőtitkári beszámolókban
Authors: Ésik Szandra
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány a kínai környezetpolitikai diskurzust elemzi a Kínai Kommunista Párt ötévente megrendezett kongresszusain előadott pártfőtitkári beszámolókon keresztül. Az írás először röviden szól a kongresszusok fontosságáról és a környezetvédelem történetéről Kínában, majd idézetekkel és fordításokkal alátámasztva bemutatja, hogyan jelenik meg a környezetpolitika és a környezetvédelem a 13–19. pártfőtitkári beszámolókban. Kiderül, hogy a pártfőtitkári beszámolókban a környezetvédelemre a 13. kongresszus óta mindig történik utalás. Ennek terjedelme a környezetvédelmi intézkedések gyakoriságával fokozatosan nőtt, de az is elmondható, hogy a 16. kongresszusig a környezetpolitika súlya a pártfőtitkári beszámolókban nem volt jelentős, külön pontot pedig csak az utóbbi két kongresszuson kapott. A 18. és a 19. kongresszusokon azonban a környezetvédelmi terminusok nemcsak egyre gyakoribbak, de egyre kifinomultabbak is lettek. A kongresszusi nyelvezet és hagyomány folytonosságából és ívéből arra következtethetünk, hogy a környezetvédelem – a 18. és a 19. kongresszusok mintájára – a 20. pártfőtitkári beszámolóban is külön pontot kap majd.
Az észak-mongóliai Bügsīn xürē kolostor
Authors: Teleki Krisztina
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány Mongólia egy 1736-ban jurtaszentélyként alapult kolostorának történetét mutatja be, amely 1937-ig a mai Xöwsgöl megye Tömörbulag járásában állt. A 16 szentélyt és ezer szerzetest számláló, tajgai kolostor könyvnyomtatásáról és fafaragásairól volt híres. Érdekessége, hogy egykori szerzetese, Süx Gotow (1915–2010) nemcsak, hogy részt vett kolostora hagyományának a felélesztésében, hanem annak részletes történetét is ránk hagyta. Jelen tanulmány elsősorban 1999-ben írt könyve alapján szemlélteti Mongólia egykori kolostorainak alapítását, fejlődését és jelenlegi helyzetét.
Írásjegytanulási stratégiák a japánul tanulók körében
Authors: Takács Veronika
Published: March 2021

A kutatás a japánul tanulók írásjegytanulási stratégiáit vizsgálja. Az idegennyelv-elsajátítás folyamata során egy, adott esetben az anyanyelvtől jelentősen eltérő nyelvi eszköztár és nyelvhasználat megismerésén keresztül jut el a tanuló az idegen nyelven történő kommunikatív kompetencia megszerzéséig. A japán nyelv tekintetében az írásjegyek tanulása speciális módszereket kíván. Ezekbe az írásjegytanulási stratégiákba nyújt a tanulmány bepillantást, a téma releváns, nemzetközi szakirodalma, valamint saját kérdőíves felmérés eredményei alapján. Kitér olyan tényezőkre is, amelyek szerepet játszanak a tanulási módszerek kiválasztásában, például a motiváció, a tanuló anyanyelvének írásképe vagy a tudatosság.
A hivatásosok által elkövetett katonai bűncselekmények főbb jellemzői
Authors: Kardos Sándor István
Published: March 2021

The author provides an overview of the morphology and recent trends concerning military crimes in Hungary.
A nem ügydöntő végzések végrehajtásának felfüggesztése
Authors: Kapossy Gizella
Published: March 2021

The author provides an overview of the human rights implications of not suspending coercive measures until criminal trials become final and binding in Hungary.
Sexting and Sexual Injustices against Women in Ghana: A Case of Biblical Narratives of Dinah And Tamar
Authors: Twumasi-Ankrah Emmanuel , Gyanvi-Blay Joseph
Published: March 2021

This paper evaluates the place of justice in sexual interactions between males and females in Ghana in particular and in Africa in general. It discusses the unfairness inherent in cases of rape, adultery and divorce and sexting in Ghana in light of African Biblical Hermeneutics. The study has discovered that issues of sexual injustices date back to ancient times with sexting being its latest dimension, especially in Ghana. Sexual injustices in any form have both cultural as well as religious connotations. Employing Narrative Criticism on the sexual stories of Dinah and Tamar in Genesis 34 and 2 Samuel 13 respectively, the study has established that the culture from which the Christian scripture originated was chauvinistic. Undoubtedly, one of the most integral causes is inherent in interpretation. The authors have therefore advocated for a reconstruction of those texts and worldviews by incorporating hermeneutics of inclusiveness and equality before God, using Jesus as the standard.

Keywords: Sexting, Sexual injustices, Biblical Hermeneutics, Biblical Narratives, Ethical.
Dreaming of Raphael: The Politics and Aesthetics of the Michael-Beer-Stiftung for Jewish Artists
Authors: Bertz Inka
Published: March 2021

In his will, the poet and playwright Michael Beer (1800-1833) provided an endowment for a prize to support Jewish painters and sculptors to travel to Italy for one year. The grant was placed under the auspices of the Berlin Academy of Art and awarded from 1836 to 1921. This essay focusses on the establishment of the prize, exploring the mindset and motivations of the donor, situated in their historical, social, and ideological contexts. It opens insights into early nineteenth-century Jewish-Christian networks, as well as into contemporary views on national art and the aesthetics of the classical tradition, private patronage and public institutions, Jewish emancipation, antisemitism, and civil rights.
HOW ADVERTISING AVOIDANCE AFFECTS VISUAL ATTENTION AND MEMORY OF ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors: Onișor Lucian-Florin , Ioniță Daniela
Published: March 2021

Understanding how to more effectively advertise is an important area for practitioners, many of whom are struggling to stay in business. Nowadays, both product and corporate branding are important and given the increase in online advertising, additional research to better understand advertising avoidance is needed. Most advertising avoidance studies to date measure either task attention or attention to advertising. This paper contributes to a more holistic view of attention by examining two distinct online tasks, such as reading information and buying products, and two forms of advertising, such as product brand advertisements and corporate brand advertisements. An eye-tracking experiment with 121 respondents show that when reading, users look more at advertisements that increase the memory of the ads. Regardless of the task performed, the corporate brand ads are more memorable than the product brand ads even if the product ads attract more attention. The longer the user stays on a website, the more the user will look at the ads and the easier it will be to remember them. However, ads are considered to be distractors for online users, therefore, to increase their effectiveness they must be more engaging and provide value for the audience.
CORPORATE INVESTMENT IN THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: Jucá Michele , Fishlow Albert
Published: March 2021

This paper exams the impact of high levels of bank debt, leverage, credit obtained from government banks and cash reserves in the long and short terms investments of firms in the main Latin American countries after this crisis. For this purpose, it is applied a difference-in-differences test in a sample of more than 500 public and private firms, using hand-collected data of firms’ governmental bank dependence. The review period considers five previous (2003–2007) and subsequent years (2008–2012) to the crisis. The major results are reduction of long-term investments for firms with greater banking dependence, as well as short-term investments for firms with a higher level of cash reserves. Besides, firms that are more reliant on government-owned banks reduce capital expenditures. Differently from other studies, this one examines the impact of the last global financial crisis on the firms´ investment, considering its dependence of bank debt of institutions that belongs to the government or not. Understanding the mechanisms available to emerging economies can shed light on new countercyclical policies of governments and changes in the legislations of the financial system.
The Effect of Circumstellar Matter on the Double-peaked Type Ic Supernovae and Implications for LSQ14efd, iPTF15dtg, and SN 2020bvc
Authors: Jin Harim , Yoon Sung-Chul , Blinnikov Sergei
Published: March 2021

Double-peaked light curves are observed for some Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic), including LSQ14efd, iPTF15dtg, and SN 2020bvc. One possible explanation of the first peak would be shock-cooling emission from massive extended material around the progenitor, which is produced by mass eruption or rapid expansion of the outermost layers of the progenitor shortly before the supernova explosion. We investigate the effects of such circumstellar matter (CSM) on the multiband optical light curves of SNe Ic using the radiation hydrodynamics code STELLA. Two different SNe Ic progenitor masses at the pre-SN stage (3.93 M
⊙ and 8.26 M
⊙) are considered in the SN models. The adopted parameter space consists of the CSM mass of M
CSM = 0.05–0.3M
⊙, the CSM radius of R
CSM = 1013–1015 cm, and the explosion energy of E
burst = (1.0–12.0) × 1051 erg. We also investigate the effects of the radioactive nickel distribution on the overall shape of the light curve and the color evolution. Comparison of our SN models with the double-peaked SNe Ic LSQ14efd, iPTF15dtg, and SN 2020bvc indicates that these three SNe Ic had a similar CSM structure (i.e., M
CSM ≈ 0.1–0.2M
⊙ and R
CSM = 1013–1014 cm), which might imply a common mechanism for their CSM formation. The implied mass-loss rate of

M

̇

≳
1.0

M

⊙

yr

−
1

is too high to be explained by the previously suggested scenarios for pre-SN eruption, which calls for a novel mechanism.
A Perspective on the Scaling of Magnetosheath Turbulence and Effects of Bow Shock Properties
Authors: Teodorescu Eliza , Echim Marius , Voitcu Gabriel
Published: March 2021

We analyze magnetic field data from two magnetosheath crossings, representative of a larger collection of similar cases in the database of the Cluster spacecraft. We apply a novel data analysis method to identify the power-law behavior of the structure functions and to find the validity range of the power-law scaling. We validate the technique with solar wind magnetic field data and a synthetic magnetic field signal. This approach grants a rigorous determination of the scale range for a linear fit of the structure function in the log–log representation, which most often is chosen arbitrarily. The fitting allows an estimation of the power spectral index from the scale variation of the second-order structure function exponent. Data recorded during the first Cluster magnetosheath crossing, called Event 1, indicate three different power-law scaling regimes (injection, inertial, and kinetic) separated by two spectral breaks, consistent with the scenario of fully developed turbulence. However, data from the second Cluster magnetosheath crossing, called Event 2, depict a different scenario with only two power-law scaling regimes determined from the fit. A spectral slope shallower than the Kolmogorovian solar wind power-law index is determined at magnetohydrodynamic scales, spanning more than three frequency decades, which is separated by a spectral break from the kinetic regime. An analysis of simultaneous solar wind data from the Advanced Composition Explorer suggests that the scale behavior of the magnetosheath fluctuations might be controlled by the structure of the bow shock; solar wind turbulent fluctuations are only partially destroyed while they are carried across the bow shock. Both events are recorded in a quasi-perpendicular magnetosheath.
R-mode Stability of GW190814's Secondary Component as a Supermassive and Superfast Pulsar
Authors: Zhou Xia , Li Ang , Li Bao-An
Published: March 2021

The nature of GW190814's secondary component m
2 of mass 2.50–2.67 M
⊙ in the mass gap between the currently known maximum mass of neutron stars and the minimum mass of black holes is currently under hot debate. Among the many possibilities proposed in the literature, m
2 was suggested to be a superfast pulsar, while its r-mode stability against runaway gravitational radiation through the Chandrasekhar–Friedman–Schutz mechanism is still unknown. Previously, Fortin et al. constructed a sample of 33 unified equations of state using the same nuclear interactions from the crust to the core consistently; from that sample we use those equations that fulfill all currently known astrophysical and nuclear physics constraints to compare the minimum frequency required for m
2 to rotationally sustain a mass greater than 2.50 M
⊙ with the critical frequency above which the r-mode instability occurs. We use two extreme damping models assuming that the crust is either perfectly rigid or elastic. Using the stability of 19 observed low-mass X-ray binaries as an indication that the rigid crust damping of the r-mode dominates within the models studied, we find that m
2 is r-mode-stable while rotating with a frequency higher than 870.2 Hz (0.744 times its Kepler frequency of 1169.6 Hz) as long as its temperature is lower than about 3.9 × 107 K, further supporting the proposal that GW190814's secondary component is a supermassive and superfast pulsar.
New Look at the Molecular Superbubble Candidate in the Galactic Center
Authors: Tsujimoto Shiho , Oka Tomoharu , Takekawa Shunya , Iwata Yuhei , Uruno Asaka , Yokozuka Hiroki , Nakagawara Ryosuke , Watanabe Yuto , Kawakami Akira , Nishiyama Sonomi , Kaneko Miyuki , Kanno Shoko , Ogawa Takuma
Published: March 2021

The l = +13 region in the Galactic center is characterized by multiple shell-like structures and their extremely broad velocity widths. We revisit the molecular superbubble hypothesis for this region, based on high-resolution maps of CO J = 1–0, 13CO J = 1−0, H13CN J = 1−0, H13CO+
J = 1−0, SiO J = 2−1, and CS J = 2−1 lines obtained from the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45 m telescope, as well as CO J = 3−2 maps obtained from the James Clerk Maxwell telescope. We identified 11 expanding shells with total kinetic energy and typical expansion time E
kin ∼ 1051.9 erg and t
exp ∼ 104.9 yr, respectively. In addition, the l = +13 region exhibited high SiO J = 2−1/H13CN J = 1−0 and SiO J = 2−1/H13CO+
J = 1−0 intensity ratios, indicating that the region has experienced dissociative shocks in the past. These new findings confirm the molecular superbubble hypothesis for the l = +13 region. The nature of the embedded star cluster, which may have supplied 20–70 supernova explosions within 105 yr, is discussed. This work also shows the importance of compact broad-velocity-width features in searching for localized energy sources hidden behind severe interstellar extinction and stellar contamination.
Change in the Radio Structure and Position of the Quasar CTA 21
Authors: Frey Sándor , Titov Oleg
Published: March 2021

Astrometric positions of radio-emitting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can be determined with sub-milliarcsec accuracy using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). The usually small apparent proper motion of distant extragalactic targets allow us to realize the fundamental celestial reference frame with VLBI observations. However, long-term astrometric monitoring may reveal extreme changes in some AGN positions. We present the case of CTA 21 whose position gradually shifted by ∼0.″04 over two decades. By comparing archival VLBI images from 1996 and 2018, we show that its radio structure changed substantially, likely causing the apparent positional shift.
Paraeutypella guizhouensis gen. et sp. nov. and Diatrypella longiasca sp. nov. (Diatrypaceae) from China
Authors: Dissanayake Lakmali , Wijayawardene Nalin , Dayarathne Monika , Samarakoon Milan , Dai Dong-Qin , Hyde Kevin , Kang Ji-Chuan
Published: March 2021

In this study, we introduce a novel genus, Paraeutypella, of the family Diatrypaceae comprising three species viz. Paraeutypella guizhouensis sp. nov. and P. citricola (basionym: Eutypella citricola) and P. vitis (basionym: Sphaeria vitis). Diatrypella longiasca sp. nov. is also introduced, which forms a distinct clade in Diatrypella sensu stricto. The discovery of this new genus will contribute to expanding the knowledge and taxonomic framework of Diatrypaceae (Xylariales).

Generic delimitations in Diatrypaceae are unsettled because the phylogeny has yet to be resolved using extensive taxon sampling and sequencing of ex-type cultures. During an investigation of xylarialean fungi, we collected eutypella-like fungi which is distinct from Eutypella sensu stricto in our phylogenetic analyses (ITS and β-tubulin), thus, introduced as Paraeutypella guizhouensis gen. et sp. nov.. Paraeutypella is characterised by having 4–25 perithecia in a stroma each with 3–6 sulcate, long ostiolar necks. Paraeutypella citricola comb. nov. (basionym: Eutypella citricola) is introduced on Acer sp. from China. Diatrypella longiasca sp. nov. is introduced as a new species in Diatrypella sensu stricto. which has 2–5 ascomata per stroma and long ascospores, unusual when compared to other Diatrypella species and distinct phylogenetically.
A contribution towards checklist of fungus gnats (Diptera, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) in Georgia, Transcaucasia
Authors: Kurina Olavi
Published: March 2021

The fungus gnats of Georgia are studied based on 2682 specimens collected from 57 localities during 2011–2019. Altogether, 245 species are recorded including four species of Bolitophilidae, three species of Diadocidiidae, two species of Ditomyiidae, 34 species of Keroplatidae and 202 species of Mycetophilidae. 230 and 188 species are recorded from Georgia and the whole of Transcaucasia for the first time, respectively. Three new species –Sciophila georgeisp. nov.,Leia kataesp. nov. andAnatella metaesp. nov. – are described including detailed illustrations of the male terminalia. Photographs are provided for an additional 38 species to highlight a variability of their general facies. Combined with earlier published data, the number of fungus gnat species in Georgia is set at 246. The estimated diversity of fungus gnats in Georgia is calculated using non-parametric methods and discussed with respect to other Western Palaearctic regions.
« Comme un garçon… » : Corinne Diacre, un·e entraîneur·e de football professionnel comme les autres ?
Authors: Juskowiak Hugo , Bréhon Jean , Neys Oumaya Hidri
Published: March 2021

Cet article se propose, principalement sous l’angle de la sociologie des groupes professionnels (Demazière & Gadéa, 2009), de discuter du parcours de Corinne Diacre, l’une des rares femmes à entrer et à durer dans l’encadrement du football de haut niveau français. Si en occupant successivement tous les postes techniques historiquement occupés par des hommes et en se maintenant dans l’exercice de ces différentes fonctions, Corinne Diacre est une pionnière de l’encadrement du football professionnel, son parcours révèle bon nombre de similitudes avec le groupe professionnel auquel elle appartient. Mais, compte tenu de l’état de développement du football dit « féminin » en France, son parcours présente également quelques singularités. Dans un contexte favorisant un changement structurel du statut des femmes dans la société française, Corinne Diacre devient ainsi l’étendard d’une cause nationale que les dirigeant·e·s du football ne peuvent que promouvoir. L’institutionnalisation et la professionnalisation en cours du football des femmes permettent alors de comprendre le statut singulier attribué à la sélectionneuse tricolore : une pionnière, au sens littéral du terme c’est-à-dire un[e] soldat[e] employé[e] aux travaux de terrassement ou à l’aménagement des positions défensives qui ouvre le champ des possibles à d’autres femmes dans cet espace professionnel.
Mondialisation et féminisation du football : entre dynamiques globales et configurations nationales
Authors: Abouna Marie-Stéphanie , Bourgeois Pascal
Published: March 2021

La pratique du football par les femmes connaît une ferveur mondiale dans un contexte fortement dominé par les hommes. Peut-on alors parler de féminisation et faut-il y voir un phénomène global ? Au-delà des évidences, ce travail tente de montrer la portée et les limites de ce phénomène au regard de la pratique par les hommes et de l’ancrage de cette pratique dans les contextes nationaux. Il se fonde sur une analyse statistique multivariée (ACP, ANOVA) croisant des données de la FIFA et des fédérations nationales (effectifs des licencié-e-s, palmarès, performance) avec trois grands indicateurs de développement internationaux : l’Indice de développement humain (IDH), l’Indice de développement du Genre (IDG) et l’Indice d’inégalité de genre (IIG). Il en résulte que la féminisation du football n’est pas tributaire de la pratique par des hommes. À différentes échelles, elle s’inscrit dans des configurations globales et nationales où les facteurs socio-économiques, politiques et culturels et le contexte mondial ont leur influence. Sans être un phénomène isolé, la féminisation apparaît comme un processus long et pluriel de « glocalisation ».
Contributions des Plans de Mobilité Urbaine Soutenable en France et au Brésil pour les objectifs d’inclusion sociale
Authors: Machado Laura , Piccinini Livia Salomão , Arsenio Elisabete , Heddebaut Odile
Published: March 2021

Cet article utilise un partage d'expériences en Europe, entre la France et le Brésil pour analyser comment les objectifs d’inclusion sociale sont pris en considération dans la planification de la mobilité urbaine durable. La méthodologie développe un panorama de la réalisation des Plans de Mobilité Urbaine Soutenable (PMUS) en Europe et présente le cas de la France qui est l'État membre qui a le plus d’expérience dans l'exécution des plans avec pour exemple la Métropole Européenne de Lille (MEL). L’expérience brésilienne est analysée en utilisant un échantillon de douze Plans de Mobilité Urbaine (PMU) approuvés par les municipalités. Ces analyses qualitatives illustrent comment l’équité sociale est considérée ou non dans cette planification de mobilité urbaine en las villes.
Cultures et cheptels 1990-2019
Authors: Confins
Published: March 2021

L’institut brésilien de géographie et statistiques (IBGE) a publié en octobre 2020 ses informations annuelles sur la production de l’élevage et de l’agriculture dans le pays, la Pesquisa da Pecuária Municipal, le 15 octobre, et la Produção Agrícola Municipal, le 20 octobre. Une série de cartes permet d’en visualiser la localisation et les évolutions de 1990 à 2019.
Ajuste espacial e urbanização desigual: involução industrial e metropolização terciária em Belém
Authors: Santos Tiago Veloso dos
Published: March 2021

A difusão da urbanização pelo território na segunda metade do século XX foi o processo definidor da organização socioespacial brasileira no período. Na Amazônia brasileira, os processos de integração que foram vetores da urbanização regional, provocaram um ajuste espacial que incidiu diretamente em uma das suas principais cidades, Belém, na qual a produção social do espaço urbano se viabilizou a partir da desestruturação do setor industrial urbano-regional até então existente. Dentre os objetivos deste texto destaca-se o reconhecimento da resultante deste processo, a ausência de um setor econômico capaz de orientar a acumulação de tipo urbano-industrial característica de outras regiões brasileiras, tornando a cidade cada vez mais dependente de uma organização baseada no setor terciário da nascente economia metropolitana. Em termos de procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida em três momentos: revisão da literatura sobre a economia urbana e regional, levantamento documental e iconográfico dos processos observados e coleta e organização de dados quantitativos que dialogam com a análise qualitativa proposta.
Cartografias da formação territorial do Sul e Sudeste do Pará
Authors: Serra Hugo Rogério Hage , Sabino Thiago Alan Guedes
Published: March 2021

Ce travail posséde comme principal objectif proposer une cartographie de la région Sud Sudeste du Pará basée sur la formation territorial de la région dans laquelle pèse les principaux événements historiques qui changent le territoire. Pour qu`il soit possible de développer metodologiquement ce travail, cet article présente une lecture de méthode où l`histoire du Sud et Sudeste du Pará, avec ses contradictions, será matérialisée dans le paysage avec aussi les dynamiques socio-économiques.qui évidencient la région ici prétendue ; la région Sud et Sudeste du Pará est ainsi, le point de départ oú l´histoire se développe et, en fin de compte, le résultat des manifestations sociales d´aspect économico-culturale, surtout. Les résultats obtenus révèlent un ensemble cartographique que prend en considération les principaux evenements historico-économiques de la région du Sud et Sudeste du Pará qui pourront être utilisés sous diverses perspectives de matrices historiques bien différentes.
Condomínios populares horizontais fechados: um novo produto imobiliário na periferia metropolitana
Authors: Baliski Patricia
Published: March 2021

Os condomínios populares horizontais fechados são produtos imobiliários desenvolvidos no âmbito do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) que se disseminaram em áreas urbanas/metropolitanas brasileiras na última década, sobretudo em porções mais periféricas. Tendo como estudo de caso a cidade de Fazenda Rio Grande, integrante da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (Paraná/Brasil), o presente trabalho procura compreender as transformações espaciais decorrentes da inserção desses empreendimentos na periferia metropolitana. Para tanto, analisa as características desses condomínios, os locais de implantação e impactos na vida dos moradores. Os resultados demonstram que o forte protagonismo de incorporadores e construtores no desenvolvimento desses empreendimentos favoreceu a expansão urbana e metropolitana e uma série de impactos no cotidiano dos moradores.
Table of Contents Vol 25 (2020)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Table of Contents Vol 13, No 1 (2020)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Oral submucous fibrosis in North Gujarat
Authors: Prajapati Ketan , Chawda Jyoti , Thakkar Malvi , Gajera Nupur , Thakkar Rohit , Thakkar Jarvil
Published: March 2021

Background:

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant disorder, mainly caused by betel nut chewing in various forms. It is found in the Asian subcontinent, mostly India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. The understanding of the exact role of alkaloids and other etiological agents with respect to pathogenesis will help in the management and treatment modalities.

Aim:

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the epidemiologic profile of patients with OSMF in the North Gujarat population.

Materials and Methods:

Patients of OSMF attending the OPD of Siddhpur Dental College were selected for the study. Total numbers of 100 cases of clinically diagnosed OSMF were included for this study. A detailed case history was taken and clinical examination was done in visible light. The patients having difficulty in opening the mouth along with associated blanched oral mucosa with palpable fibrous bands were diagnosed as OSMF patients were included in this study. This study was done on the basis of age group, habit duration, types of habit, and clinical grading of OSMF. After collecting data, they were analyzed statistically.

Results:

From 100 OSMF patients majority had Grade III interincisal mouth opening. Among the groups divided based on age, Group II (15–30 years age) showed more prevalence than the others. Gutkha and masala (main content areca nut) were a powerful etiological factor (4%) among other etiological factors.

Conclusion:

OSMF predominantly affects younger age group adults with male predilection and the majority of patients presented with a progressive and advanced form of disease. Thus, advancement in diagnostic aids is required to arrest the disease in its initial stages.
Bilateral Isolated Blowout Fracture due to Airbag Deployment
Authors: Özkan Burak , Akinci Kadri , Uysal Çagri Ahmet , Ertas Nilgun Markal
Published: March 2021

The airbag is a lifesaver innovation in automobile industry, but the impact of airbag deployment may cause maxillofacial fractures. Airbag deployment in traffic accidents is a rare etiology of orbital fractures. Although there are reports about airbag-induced orbital fractures in the literature, isolated bilateral blowout fractures have not been published yet. We present a case of isolated bilateral blowout fracture due to airbag deployment in a traffic accident and its management in this study.