bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Antimicrobial Property of Oxidized Cotton Fabric Finished with Amino-Terminated Hyperbranched Polymer
Authors: Chen Ling , Zhang De Suo , Lin Hong , Chen Yu Yue
Published: January 2011

The chief aim of the present work is to investigate the preparation for silver nanoparticles antimicrobial agent and its antibacterial activity on cotton fabric. In this study, antimicrobial agent was fabricated by a reaction between an amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-NH2) and silver nitrate solution of certain concentration. Meanwhile, cotton fabric was oxygenated to afford aldehyde groups which could connect with the amino groups of the HBP-NH2 to provide cotton fabric with durable antimicrobial properties. The effects of different biocides made of various molecular structures of synthetic material (HBP-NH2) on antimicrobial properties of nano-silver colloid solution were discussed, and three different agents generated then were characterized in following aspects as silver nanoparticles size and distribution by using DLS, TEM and UV-vis. Furthermore, the fabric structure, mechanical properties and antimicrobial property of treated cotton fabric were also tested. Included in this part of experiment were transverse micro morphology of cotton fibre by SEM, fabric strength retention after finishing, silver nanoparticles molecular conformation on fabric and content analysis via ICP-AES. The results showed that stable silver nanoparticles collide solution with 20-30 nano, applied on oxidized cotton fabric under certain condition, could produce ideal antibacterial rate over 94% of bacterial reduction to both Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) after 50 consecutive washings.
Research on Polypropylene Dyeing in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Zhang Hong Jie , Zhong Zhi Li , Feng Li Li , Quan Xiao Ping
Published: January 2011

Polypropylene fibers were dyed with Disperse dyes Blue 2B in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide at different temperature, pressure and time. The K/S value were determined and the effect of as temperature, pressure and dyeing time on the dyeing behaviours of disperse dyes on Polypropylene fibers were discussed. It was found that with the increase of dyeing temperature and pressure, the K/S value increased gradually, and dyeing effect was best after the fiber was dyed at 120 °C, 28 MPa for 20 min.
The Mechanism and Characterization of Dye-Free Coloration on Tussah Silk Based on Tryptophan
Authors: Sui Yan Ling , Wei Chun Yan , Liu Wen Jing , Wang Bo , Li Shao Quan , Cui Yong Zhu
Published: January 2011

In this article, tussah silk was treated with 3, 4- dihydroxy benzaldehyde solution under concentrated nitric acid conditions, and its coloration characteristic was discussed, including the effects of concentrations, temperature and time on the coloration, finally the property of the treated fiber was tested. As the results showed, the treated tussah silk was in bright yellow, and both of its color fastness to washing and rubbing achieved 4 grade or above. The optimum process was that concentrations of 3, 4- dihydroxy benzaldehyde and concentrated nitric acid were 1.5% and 3% respectively, reacting temperature was 70 °C, reacting time was 10min and bath ratio was 1:25.
The Research on the Application of Super Soft Amino-Modified Silicone Oil SM-20 for PET Fabrics
Authors: Zhou Yan
Published: January 2011

This paper discussed the application of super soft amino-modified silicone oil SM-20 on the PET fabrics, and the experimental conditions such as the dosage of SM-20, cure temperature, cure time, pH value of the solution etc. were optimized according to the influences on the polyester (PET) fabrics after using SM-20 finishing agent. Based on IR spectrum and SEM, the SM-20 finishing agent was verified to possess excellent performance of the PET fabrics for the soft treatment, and the optimal process conditions were: SM-20 10 g/L, pH value 5.0-6.0 (adjusting by acetic acid). After soft treatment by SM-20, the drape coefficient, stiffness and strength of the fabric decreased, while the recovery angle and softness increased.
A Study on the Antibacterial Property of Fabrics with Silver-Plated Fibers
Authors: Zhang Hong Xia , Lu Yan , Zhu Cheng Yan , Tian Wei , Li Yan Qing
Published: January 2011

To study the relationship between the content of silver-plated fibers in fabrics and the antibacterial performance of fabrics, five sets of samples with common polyester yarns and silver-plated polyamide yarns were manufactured for the experiment; a qualitative antibacterial test with flask-shaking method was performed and compared for fabrics with different content of silver-plated fibers. The results show that the fabrics with silver-plated fibers have good antibacterial effect, and the bacterial inhibition rate will be improved as the content of silver-plated fibers increasing. When the content of silver-plated fibers is 3.6%, the bacterial inhibition rate for coli form will reach to 76.92%, when the content of silver-plated fibers is higher than 11.99%, the fabrics have better antibacterial property for coli form and the bacterial inhibition rate is higher than 99%.
Preparation of Nano-Silver Artemisia Argyi and Anti-Bacterial Finishing to Silk Fabric
Authors: Jiang Fang , Lin Hai Tao , Li Jun Sheng , Huang Ji Wei , Yue Xin Xia , Ling Xin Long , Mao Wen Jie
Published: January 2011

The hydroxyl in polysaccharide and flavones that extracted from Artemisia argyi can absorb onto the surface of silver nanoparticles and prevent aggregation from nanoparticles. The stable nano-silver solution was got. The preparation of Nano-silver Artemisia Argyi by Artemisia Argyi extract in alkaline and acidic environment was investigated, and the antibacterial property of fabric finished by the nano-silver Artemisia Argyi was analyzed. The experimental results show that the silver nanoparticles prepared in alkaline environment has small size with the minimum 12nm and uniform dispersion. The fabric finished by Nano-silver Artemisia Argyi exhibited strong antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus, the sterilized rate was over 99.9%. The fabric has excellent antibacterial washability too.
Degradation of Reactive Red K-2G by a Photoassisted Fenton Reaction Using a Novel Loading Phthalocyanine Sulfonic Iron Fibers as a Catalyst
Authors: Lv Hai Ning , Xu Li Ping , Qian Cheng
Published: January 2011

Reactive dyes have been widely used in the dyeing of bright colourful silk fabrics. The discoloration and degradation of Reactive Red K-2G in waste water were discussed in this paper. A new heterogeneous photocatalyst named loading phthalocyanine sulfonic iron fibers (FePcS-F) was prepared by phthalocyanine sulfonic Iron supported by modified cellulose fibers in acidic condition. The photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red K-2G was characterized by discoloration rate to evaluate the effect of catalyst dosage, catalyst loading (CFePcS-F) and solution pH. The results proved that increasing catalyst dosage and CFePcS-F significantly accelerated the dye degradation. FePcS-F catalyst showed higher photocatalytic activity when the solution’s pH value is equal to or less than 6.0, compared to alkaline medium.
Dyeing of Polyurethane/Silk Blend with Temporarily Solubilised Disperse Dye
Authors: Qian Hong Fei , Song Xin Yuan
Published: January 2011

In this study, a temporarily solubilised disperse dye was prepared and applied to polyurethane/silk blend to probe a new dyeing technology. The effect of pH on the dyeing of this blend at different dyeing temperatures was investigated. The optimum dyeing condition was found to be 75 °C and pH 8 at which the dyeing rate curves for two components in blend was measured respectively. Because of difference in substantivity, the transfer of dye from polyurethane fiber to silk occurred during dyeing of the blend. the dyeing equilibrium was nearly achieved by increasing the dyeing time to 80 min. Even distribution of dye between polyurethane and silk, higher exhaustion on polyurethane fiber or fixation on silk as well as desirable fastness properties were obtained with this dye.
Study on the Biomass Utilization from Various Genetic Resources of Mulberry
Authors: Nakanishi Hiromitsu , Okimi Subaru , Watanabe Makiko , Takasaki Midori , Konishi Hajime
Published: January 2011

Mulberry (Molus alba L. and other plants of the genus Morus) has been cultivated in many Asian countries such as China, Korea, Japan and Thailand, and their leaves are used to feed silkworms (Bombyx mori L.). Additionally, the leaves are rich in alkaloid components including 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) which is known as one of the most potent glucosidase inhibitors. Dietary mulberry 1-DNJ has been hypothesized to be beneficial for suppression of an abnormally high blood glucose level. In this study, we investigated the high 1-DNJ concentration cultivars from among over 500 various cultivars growing in the field at Experimental Farm of Shinshu University, to utilize the mulberry biomass in addition to feed silkworms. We extracted 1-DNJ from thirty-five varieties of mulberry leaves, and we determined the amount of 1-DNJ. As a result, some cultivars were found to contain a high DNJ concentration compared with Ichinose which is a standard cultivar.
A Novel Non-Azobenzene Based Metal Complex Dye for Silk Fabric
Authors: Cao Xue Qin , Guan Jin Ping , Qin Xin , Li Chi Wei , Gu Hong Wei , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: January 2011

The past decade has been marked by a growing interest in the development and use of ecologically friendly dyes. In this paper, a novel non-azobenzene ligand, (Z)-4-amino-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-5-(hydroxyimino)-2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 3-oxide, was synthesized by the reaction of 3,4-diaminoglyoxime with 4-formylbenzoic acid, and characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and MS. The values of the 1H-NMR spectral results were in harmony with previously reported (Z)-4-amino-5-(hydroxyimino)-2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 3-oxide derivatives. Its brown ferrous complex has been prepared conveniently and applied to dye silk fabric. From the IR spectra of the complex, the stretching vibration for the ring of imidazole was disappeared, and the C=N absorption was lower than that of the ligand, which indicated that the N,N-chelate coordination bond was formed and the participation of the C=N-OH group in metal coordination. The colour fastness values of the dyed silk fabric to light, washing and rubbing were measured. The washing fastness of dyed silk fabric can reach 4 grade or 4-5 grade; the rub fastness 3-5 grade; the light fastness 3 grade.
Study on the Preparation of Steady-State Chitosan Nanoparticle as Silk-Fabric Finishing Agent
Authors: Wang Cheng , Lin Hong , Chen Yu Yue
Published: January 2011

The chitosan nanoparticles can be prepared by ionotropic gelation method in dispersion system. Chitosan nanoparticle has advantages of both the chitosan and the nano particles, and so it has a wide application in the textile finishing field. In this paper, the effects of the concentration of TPP, Span-80, deposited time and pH value on the diameter distribution of the chitosan nanoparticles are discussed in order to obtain the optimized preparation technics of steady state chitosan nanoparticle. The results show that chitosan nanoparticles are successfully prepared by ionotropic gelation method. Under the optimized preparation technics, chitosan nanoparticles disperse homogeneously in the system and have a good steady state. The average diameter of chitosan nanoparticle in the dispersion system is 20.82nm. Compared with the ordinary silk fabric, the B. mori silk fabric treated with chitosan nanoparticle dispersion system has better deepen effect of reactive dyes. The chitosan nanopartilce dispersion system is helpful to improve the dye uptake and dye fixation of silk fabrics.
Study on the Structure and Properties of Natural Color Silk Treated by Alkali
Authors: Jing Kai , Zhang Yun , Wang Xiang Rong
Published: January 2011

The natural color silk has been treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate，and the structure, crystallize and mechanical properties of the treated natural color silk were studied. The results showed that the structure of natural color silk was not changed and the degree of crystallinity decreased; the crystallinity of un-treated natural color silk was 44.4%, while the crystallinities of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were 35.2% and 43.6%, respectively. The breaking tenacity and the breaking elongation of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide dropped dramatically and the Young’s Modulus declined; but these properties of natural color silk were not changed significantly after being treated by sodium carbonate.
Analysis on the Application of Traditional Shoulder Adornment Arts in Fashion Design
Authors: Shi Jian Ping , Wang Xuan , Liu Xian Yan , Zhu Jia Ni
Published: January 2011

Shoulder adornment, as a colorful flower among traditional Chinese costume, is known for its totem-rich patterns, exquisite embroidery skill and unique decorative application. In this paper, the modeling and structure of the shoulder adornment arts were discussed and explained. The direct, indirect and re-creation application method of artistic representations were applied into the design of cheongsam, sweater and evening dress to create innovative effect. These clothes not only kept the charm of Chinese shoulder adornment, but also represented the characteristics of modern fashion design. Modern women clothes with the characteristics of luxury, graceful and Chinese traditional could be designed on the basis of the combination of unique shoulder adornment styles with modern fashion style, which embodied great artistic value and unique creativity of shoulder adornment in traditional Chinese costume culture and represented the culture implication of the unity of heaven and man.
How Does the Saturation Influence on the Cognition of Clothing Color? A Behavioural Study
Authors: Jiang Xiao Feng , Liu Guo Lian
Published: January 2011

In this paper, “fashionable” and “conservative” as color emotional words were used, and color piece and clothing color samples with 40 hues and 9 saturation levels were evaluated on emotional variables in behavioral trials. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how the saturation influence on the cognition of clothing color. Results showed that different saturation could be easily perceived as different emotion, and the fashionable emotion presented a weak-strong trend as the saturation increased, whereas the conservative emotion presented a reverse trend. The emotions of color pieces and clothing colors tended to be consistent. However, compared with color pieces, the clothing colors had stronger fashionable emotion. The colors of high and low saturation presented sensitivity to subjects, and the RTs (response time) were shorter in emotional evaluation. In addition, it was easier to cognize fashionable emotion than to cognize conservative emotion.
Relationship between Clothing Pressure and Fabric Tension
Authors: Chen Zhi Ge , Chen Qing Guan
Published: January 2011

The clothing shape will be changed when a wearer moves or changes his pose. The clothing pressure which acts on the body will be varied according to these changes of clothing shape. In this paper, the changes of clothing shape, the tension of fabric, the clothing pressure on body will be measured. The Digital image processing will be used to measure the changes of fabric shape. The relationship between the changes of clothing shape and the fabric tension, between the fabric tension and the clothing pressure on body will be discussed.
Study on Feasibility of Method of Shirt Armhole Configuration Based on Sizes
Authors: Shang Xiao Mei
Published: January 2011

As time goes by and shape of body shape change, clothing sizes of national standard GB1335-1997 don't quite match Fig., and low coverage rate of size series becomes obvious situation, especially in recommended size configuration area. So there is an urgent need to study on configuration of human body and garment match, and then rationality of current size configuration was perfected. In view of national size configuration, shirt armhole was used as a sample; two sets of data were built and studied in recommended and non-recommended configuration area. The correlation and stability of chest girth change and D-value which obtained from armhole length and arm root girth were analyzed in detail. The possibility and feasibility of match between size configuration and body shape were shown. New way of analysis was explored by experiments, which could be used for reference in further research of size series.
Construction of Knowledge Base for Clothing Sensory Design
Authors: Lu Hong , Chen Yan , Dai Hong Qin
Published: January 2011

In this paper, the contents of knowledge base for clothing sensory design are defined as four parts: the clothing design elements, semantic expression, reflection between the former two and design rules. The character and contents of each part are discussed and analyzed respectively. Methods of interviewing, laddering, card sorting, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Hierarchy structure, triangle fuzzy numbers, literature reviewing etc. are chosen for the knowledge elicitation and representation. The men’s suit is used as a case study to explain the whole procedure of knowledge base construction. The style design elements of the men’s suit are decomposed into 9 items and 28 categories. The semantic space of the sensory evaluation towards the men’s suit is modelled in the form of 4 word-pairs: formal- casual, classical- modern, gorgeous- simple and elegant- masculine. The triangular fuzzy numbers are introduced to quantify the 7-point scales of linguistic descriptions (extreme, very, rather, average, rather, very and extreme). And the reflection of the design elements space and semantic space is acquired and represented. The design rule of the men’s suit is obtained by the method of literature reviewing and interviewing. It includes both the basic rule derived from the beauty rule and the design principle based on consumers’ character such as body type and facial colour etc. All techniques and methods are not limited to men’s suit itself but can be extended to other garments or products. The conclusions of the paper will play an important role in realizing the goals such as clothing individuation, sensation, intellectualization and fashion etc.
Study on the Sensory of Stripe-Pattern Knitted Garment
Authors: Shi Jian Ping , Zhu Jia Ni , Liu Xian Yan , Wang Xuan
Published: January 2011

In this paper, Kansei Engineering is introduced into garment design to establish a research platform. The core of Kansei Engineering is to translate abstract semantic demands of garment into detailed design elements. It is suggestive and helpful for designers and customers to understand the quantified relationship between them two. In this study，27 representative stripe-pattern knitted garments and 7 word-pairs were selected as samples and appraisal words. The questionnaires were distributed to 132 college students of Soochow University and then the data results were analyzed by using statistical software SPSS 13.0. From analysis, some conclusions were drawn as follows: Personality and appearance factor were the two main Kansei factors; and the relationships between the design factors of stripe-pattern knitted garment and the customers’ sensory psychology were presented directly through quadrant analysis.
Structure and Mechanical Property of Silk Fiber under Gamma Radiation
Authors: Yao Wei Wei , Liu Zhi Wu , Yi Hong Gen , Wang Jian Nan
Published: January 2011

An attempt to change the structure of silk fibers and their properties for the biological application was studied by utilizing gamma radiation in various Co60 intensities (0 kGy, 30 kGy, 50 kGy, 100 kGy, 200 kGy, 500 kGy, 1000 kGy, 2000 kGy, 3000 kGy). With the increase of the gamma radiation intensity, SEM result shows that cracks and fragments were formed between microfibrils of the irradiated fiber significantly. Simultaneously SDS-PAGE results give the evidence that the molecular weight of the fibroin diminished. Furthermore, the breaking strength and elongation of irradiated fibers decreased gradually with the increasing Co60 intensity. Although no significant changes of the molecular conformations were found by FTIR and X-ray diffraction, the effects on molecular interactions of the silk fibroin, such as peptide bonding, hydrogen bond and intermolecular bonding force, were obviously observed and enhanced gradually with the increase of gamma radiation intensity.
Geometry in Ethnic Garment Construction
Authors: Wang Xuan , Duan Xiao Peng
Published: January 2011

Ethnic garment construction was investigated from the perspective of geometry. Basic characteristics of ethnic garment construction of different regions and nationalities were analyzed and summarized. Features of silk and the decisive role playing in the forming of geometrical garment structure of Chinese ethnic costumes which have great impact on the style features of oriental ethnic costumes were mainly discussed. The aesthetic features and philosophic ideas silk endows Chinese traditional garment were also discussed. By exploring the wisdom and skills of ethnic garment construction design, the geometric characteristics of ethnic garment construction, the basic rule of changes in ethnic garment construction and the essence of the construction structure variation were revealed. Inspiration from the techniques of ethnic garment construction design will be valuable for us to explore innovative ideas for today’s fashion design.
Clothing Trends Led by a Low-Carbon Lifestyle
Authors: Zhang Yi Fang , Sun Jing , Zhu Jian Li
Published: January 2011

The Copenhagen meeting makes “low carbon” be a catch word in our daily life. Fashion with the idea of low carbon life does not mean going backwards to the primitive society, wearing few or naked. This article aims to understand people’s consumption needs by investigating their attitude towards low carbon fashion. In combination with the analysis of environmentalists’ consuming behavior, the trend to realize low carbon fashion was also explored. A forceful supplement to the application of fashion design in low carbon lifestyle was provided.
Effect of Wet Post-Drawn on Structures and Properties of PA6/MWNTs Nanofiber Filaments
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Jie , Pan Zhi Juan
Published: January 2011

Electrospining technique is one of the hotest topics all over the world. The main form of the electrospun products is generally nonwoven fiber web with the poor mechanical properties. Consecutive PA6/MWNTs nanofiber filaments were successfully fabricated by an improved electrospining method. Peregal O was used as the bath to post-draw the as-spun filaments and the effects of draw ratio on their structures and properties were studied. The results show that with the increase of the draw ratio, the diameters of filament and fiber decrease; while the degree of orientation arrangement and crystallinity of the fibers is obviously improved and the breaking strength and initial modulus of the filaments increase. As the maximum draw ratio reaches 1.7, the breaking strength and initial modulus of the filament are 2.64 times and 4.2 times as compared to those of the control sample respectively.
Research on Silk Apparel Retail Marketing Development Strategy
Authors: Huang Zhen Zhen , Wang Xiao Yun
Published: January 2011

As large marketing research data shown, silk clothing marketing share of china has been small. So far, there is still lack of a high-profile silk clothing brand in our country, which has great potential for developing. In this paper, silk apparel retail marketing development strategy were profoundly analyzed and studied. Firstly, silk garments’ marketing research data was analyzed. In order to expand silk clothing marketing comprehensively in the perspective of marketing channels and brand-building, the retail marketing strategy and mathematical statistics methods were used. At last it simulated the retail marketing development strategy in a small silk garments marketing sample in order to have a more intuitive view for the implementation of the strategy. Thereby, it can contribute to grasp silk apparel marketing, make full use of china’s rich silk resources and create silk brand power to make china silk flare brilliant in the world.
Research on Intelligent Clothing Pattern Auxiliary Input and Grading System
Authors: Dai Bin Hui , Wang Xiao Yun
Published: January 2011

Intelligent clothing pattern auxiliary input and grading system which was based on the digital camera input was introduced. Compared with digitizers and scanners, it was much more convenient, flexible and lower cost to photograph patterns using a digital camera. The system could directly transform the pattern’s format from bitmap to vector diagram and rectify the pattern in a geometrical light. At the same time, it combined with the grading method, which was stemmed from the D-value between different sizes, to reduce the grading errors below 5 % and to fully achieve the motherboard precision. Thereby, efficiency and precision in the production of garment pattern input and grading were improved. The system has been well received in the practical application.
Students’ School Uniform Based on Body Height and Weight in Liaoning Area
Authors: Mu Hong , Lu Xin
Published: January 2011

When an enterprise produces school uniforms, it often takes the clothing specification and size based on the students’ height and weight as the basic information. This kind of method relys on the experience, it is difficult to meet the developing requirement of clothing digitization. This paper analyzes characteristics of the male university students’ bodies in Liaoning area, based on the survey of 270 university students’ bodies, in which 15 body measures were taken. The body characteristics and the data distribution of these people were obtained according to the national clothing size standard. Through the regression analysis of the body height to 4 lengths, such as the cervical vertebral height, the sleeve length and so on, and the chest girth to 8 girths, the key measures are obtained and the regression equation is established. The multivariate analysis based on the height and the weight proves that the waist girth is mostly influenced. Through the regression equation of the waist girth to the height and the body weight, the influence of body weight change on the waist girth with a certain height can be obtained, and the chest girth and the hip girth as well. It’s helpful to determine the size specification of the school uniform. This research also provides a reference to digitizing of the clothing design and manufacture.
Automatic Weave Image Tilt Correction Based on Interlacing Points Fullness
Authors: Tao Chen , Chen Yan
Published: January 2011

As manual tilt correction has always been the bottleneck of automatic weave image analysis and processing, this paper proposed a means by which automatic weave image tilt correction can be achieved. First, mathematical morphology is carried out in weave image preprocessing for de-noise and enhancement. OTSU and raster scanning are followed to detect target rectangles in the image so as to determine the outlines of interlacing points on which the Interlacing Point Fullness (ISF) is established. Then the relationship between ISF and the correcting angle of weave image is discussed and the correcting coefficient built on ISF is used to counteract the disturbance of weave surface distortions in order to identify the correcting angle in a comprehensive way.
Prediction and Control of Surface Texture of Single Direction Crepe
Authors: Chen Chao , Liu Yong Kai
Published: January 2011

A number of plain weave silk-like polyester fabrics with different surface texture were collected, data of fabric structural parameters were analyzed, and surface texture characteristics were tested. According to the relationship between structural parameters data and surface texture characteristic value, firmness and weft twist factor were found to be the main factors that affect the surface texture of single direction crepe. Finally, let tightness and weft twist multiplier be contributing factors, surface texture characteristics of single direction crepes were obtained by data analysis and regression equations.
Application of Grey Situation Decision in Selection of Shirt Fabrics
Authors: Liu Yong Kai , Chen Chao
Published: January 2011

This paper uses grey situation decision, taking a leisure skirt for example, to access handle features of fabrics. A comprehensive framework for an optimum selection of fabrics is presented by using the method. A new approach to choose fabrics is proposed, it make the choice of the fabric objective and scientific.
Preparation of Braided Silk as a Tubular Tissue Engineering Scaffold
Authors: Zhao Hui Jing , Li Ming Zhong
Published: January 2011

Silkworm silk has been recognized as a satisfactory biomaterial for long time due to its exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical properties etc. For example, silk fibers in the form of sutures have been used for centuries. The aim of this study is to discuss the potential usage of silk as the novel biomedical devices, such as blood vessels. In this study, cuit silks prepared from degummed raw silks were twisted as threads with four different yarn linear densities. A specific braiding machine was used to weave those threads into a tube. Subsequently two different groups of silk tubes were prepared. One was treated by ethanol and the other without. Thickness, porosity, mass per unit area of two groups of braided tubes were measured. Its mechanical properties were also studied. The influence of ethanol treatment and various yarn linear densities on its structural and mechanical properties was also studied. Results indicated that structural and mechanical properties of the tubes were significatly changed by the yarn linear densities and ethanol treatment. Conclusively, braided silk tube could be a potential blood vessel tissue engineering scaffold.
Study on Relationship between Mechanical Properties and Seam Smoothness Worsted Fabric
Authors: Ni Hong , Fan Rui
Published: January 2011

The instability of seam smoothness for worsted fabric is always a big problem in suit industry. With substantial development and application of new worsted fabric as well as the comprehensive application of various fiber materials，it is difficult to control seam smoothness of suit, creating the quality of suite to descend and adversely affecting the brand development in suit industry. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, intending to study the relationship between worsted fabric mechanical properties and garment seam smoothness grade as well as the effect of environmental air temperature and humidity conditions on smoothness of seam sample, by selecting several pieces of worsted fabrics and testing their mechanical properties through FAST. The goal of this paper is to facilitate textile and garment enterprises to improve their own textile process and finishing as well as the sewability of worsted fabrics.
Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Cold-Active Cellulase Production by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Dong Shuo , Chi Nai Yu , Zhang Qing Fang
Published: January 2011

The design of an optimum and cost-efficient fermentation conditions for production of cold-active cellulase by Penicillium cordubense D28 was attempted by using response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the Plackett–Burman design, temperature, seed age and inoculum size were selected as the most critical condition. Subsequently, they were investigated by the Box-Behnken design. Results showed that the maximum cold-active cellulase activity of 110.4U/mL was predicted when the coded values of temperature, seed age and inoculum size were -0.495, 0.455, and 0.253, respectively. The results were further verified by triplicate experiments. The batch reactors were operated under an optimized condition of the respective temperature, seed age and inoculum size of 17°C, 29h and 12.5%. The maximum cold-active cellulase activity of 219.9 U/mL was obtained based on the optimized fermentation conditions with further verified the practicability of this optimum strategy.
Study on the Diffusion Equations of Water Pollutants in Various Water Areas with Different Waterflow States
Authors: Lei Xiao Ling , Tao Bo
Published: January 2011

The development and application of the diffusion equations of water pollutants are synthetically discussed. Depending on Cartesian Coordinate system, the water pollutants diffusion equations in different waterflow states are reviewed. And further development of the water pollutants diffusion equations in different waterflow states is extended to Cylindrical Coordinate system and Spherical Coordinate system respectively. This makes the simulating and modeling of water pollutants diffusion much more accurate and convenient in various water areas with different waterflow states by using different coordinate systems.
In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides from Auricularia auriada
Authors: Zhang Ning , Wang Zhen Yu , Zhang Hua , Ren Jian , Hao Xiu Mei
Published: January 2011

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidative activities of water and alkaline solution pH=8, 50% ethanolic (APP1 or SAPP1), 75% ethanolic (APP2 or SAPP2) and 100% ethanolic (APP3 or SAPP3) extracts of A. auricular. The antioxidant activities, including the ABTS, superoxide anion radical-scavenging effect, hydrogen peroxide radical-scavenging effect and chelating ability on ferrous ions were studied in vitro. A comparison of the 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of different antioxidative reactions revealed that SAPP3 was more effective in scavenging ABTS, hydrogen peroxide and chelating ability on ferrous ions.SAPP2 showed a higher superoxide radical-scavenging activity. The alkali-soluble polysaccharides extracts showed higher radical-scavenging effect than water-soluble polysaccharides.
Phylogenetic and Microbial Community Analysis Based on amoA Gene and 16SrDNA in Nitrosification Biofilm Reactor
Authors: Liu Tao , Li Dong , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2011

In order to analyze microbial community and phylogenesis in nitrosification biofilm reactor, a partial stretch of the gene encoding the active-site polypeptide of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) was amplified and the gene libraries were constructed. The result of gene sequences and phylogenetic analysis showed that Nitrosomonas eutropha was the predominant species in the reactor. Besides, there were also some kinds of ammonia-oxidizing microbe uncultured in the system. PCR-SSCP analysis of 16SrDNA of archaebacteria and eubacterium indicated that with the rising of ammonia oxidation rate, the structure and distribution of microbial community was influenced and the diversity of microbial communities decreased, and the decreasing of specificity in the reactor might be the key factor for the rising of ammonia oxidation rate.
The Castor Stalk Based Particle Board with Different Resin
Authors: Li Xiao Ping , Zhou Ding Guo , Wang Si Qun , Shao Yi
Published: January 2011

Castor stalk is one of excellent woody materials.which is the byproduct of the castor oil plant. Itwas usually burnt without use at all when the castor seed were harvest. To use this resource, we studied the castor stalk based panel made with different resin including UF, PF and MDI resin. The results show that the properties of castor stalk based particle panel made with UF and MDI resin by certain techniques can reach the requirement of the standard of China expect the castor stalk based particle board with PF resin which will be studied further more.
Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Amaranthus mangostanus L. under Drought Stress
Authors: Sun Yong Dong , Du Xiao Hua , Zhang Wen Jie , Sun Li , Li Ran
Published: January 2011

Effects of drought stress on the seed germination and physiological characteristics of amaranth were investigated. The results were as follows: the germination rate and germination potential of amaranth decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000 concentrations. Meanwhile, the root length, shoot length and peroxidase (POD) activity were significantly increased at lower PEG-6000 concentrations, but then decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were all significantly increased under drought stress, and reached the top at 20% PEG-6000. These findings indicated that amaranth tolerates drought stress through increasing the activities of SOD and POD and accumulating proline content.
Research on the Isolation, Identification and Characteristics of a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium which from Liaodong Bay
Authors: Wang Xin , Chi Nai Yu , Zhang Qing Fang
Published: January 2011

A moderately halophilic bacterium CNY0813 was isolated from the seabed sediment of Liaodong Bay . 16S rDNA alignment and phylogenesis analysis showed that CNY0813 was a member of Haererehalobacter genus, but identification and growing characteristics reactions results showed that it distinctly differed from many other species of Haererehalobacter, even Haererehalobacter ostenderis, which was the only species of Haererehalobacter. It is probably a new species.
Leaching of Total Phosphorus in Greenhouse Soil in Relation to Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Application
Authors: Fei Lu , Chen Xin , Zhao Mu Qiu , Zhao Ya Jie , Shi Yi , Huang Bin
Published: January 2011

Inappropriate applications of phosphorus (P) in agricultural production lead to the leaching loss of P, which subsequently contributes to the eutrophication of water bodies. A leaching experiment using unsaturated intact soil columns was conducted to study the influence of fertilizer application on leaching of phosphorus in a gley meadow soil at different fertility levels (low-, medium and high fertility levels). The soil column at each fertility level received three fertilization treatments (control [CK], manure [M] and chemical fertilizer [F]). The results indicated that the leaching loss of total P (TP) from the soil column was induced by the P input from either manure or chemical fertilizer application, and the extent of leaching loss of P was also positively related to the soil fertility level. In addition, the TP concentrations in the leachates from all fertilization treatments exceeded the critical value for water eutrophication (0.02 mg P/L). This suggests that applications of manure and chemical fertilizer at proper rates with close consideration of the soil fertility level are essential to reduce the leaching loss of TP to the environment.
Study on Liquefaction of Corncob in Polyhydric Alcohols
Authors: Huang Yuan Bo , Zheng Yun Wu , Feng Hao , Zheng Zhi Feng , Jiang Ying Zi
Published: January 2011

The liquefaction of corncob in polyhydric alcohols was investigated by using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Results showed that the best liquefaction could be obtained with residue percent of 4.5% under the conditions with the corncob/polyhydric alcohols mass ratio of 1/5, reaction temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 60 min, catalyst amount of 3% (based on the weight of corncob), PEG 400/glycerin mass ratio of 7/3 in the polyhydric alcohols, respectively. The liquefied liquid products had acid number of 18.9 mg KOH/g and hydroxyl number of 616.3mg KOH/g, respectively.
Ultra Precision Machining Technique of InSb Substrate Material for Detector Devices
Authors: Niu Xin Huan , He Yan Gang , Gao Bao Hong , Tan Bai Mei , Liu Yu Ling
Published: January 2011

Indium antimony(InSb) is one of the important materials which can be used to make semiconductor devices such as infrared detection device. Due to the low hardness and great brittleness, the surface scratching always appears and surface roughness is hard to lower during surface preparation. So it should be increasing the InSb surface quality during ultra precision machining. In this paper the InSb surface adsorption-control technology was introduced. Through controlling surface roughness during chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) and using preferential adsorption during cleaning, the adsorptions of InSb surface were controlled. Through experiments, the CMP optimal process parameters under the alkaline conditions were gotten. Under such conditions, the preferable surface state was realized. According to the preferential adsorption model, through using FA/O non-ionic surfactant the polished wafer surface can be kept in physical adsorption and easy cleaning state, so the wafer surface adsorption can be controlled effectively and the clean surface was obtained.
Study on the Technical Conditions of Purifying γ-Linolenic Acid from Evening Primrose Oil by Urea Inclusion
Authors: Xue Gang , Wang Ying , Liu Feng Xia
Published: January 2011

The urea inclusion was carried out to purify γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The single-factor, double-factor and orthogonal test were employed to optimize technical conditions. Single-factor tests showed that the best ratio of FFA: urea: alcohol was 1:3:8, the inclusion temperature was -15or-20°C and the duration time was 24 hours. Double-factor test indicated the optimal combination was A2B2 or A2B1. The best combination of the orthogonal test was A1B2C2D2 or A4B2C2D2. The ratio of filtrate and urea was 6:2 or 8:3, at the method of isolation was NO. II. Using urea inclusion, GLA purity was raised over 90% with a yield of 80%.
Screening of Lincomycin-Degrading Bacteria by Silica Gel Plate and Visible Spectrophotometry
Authors: Wang Ying , Xue Gang , Zhao Bin
Published: January 2011

Due to the existence of antibiotic residues, waste mycelium of lincomycin was difficult to be treated and used as resources, which had become a major problem in the production enterprise. So it is very necessary to isolate and screen lincomycin - degrading bacteria to biodegrade the waste mycelium. In this paper, Box-Behnken Experimental Scheme was performed to optimize the experimental conditions for the treatment of silica gel plates, and the visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the concentration of lincomycin in the silica gel plates to indicate the degradation capacity. The results showed that the optimal conditions were to add 4 ml of water to a silica gel plate, and immerse for 40min, and repeat this process for four times. Under these conditions, the linear correlation between the lincomycin concentration and absorbance was satisfactory in the calibration standards at the range of 0-5mg/ml (r=0.99976). The method precision values (RSD=0.1126%), accuracy values (RSD=0.2358%), reproducibility values (RSD=0.2358%), stability values (RSD=0.1129%) and recovery values (98.1318%) of lincomycin in silica gel aqueous solution were adequate. Application of this method to 1311 strain showed the lincomycin - degradation rate was of 35.81±2%. Taken together, we have established a simple, convenient, rapid and valid visible spectrophotometry method to detect lincomycin in silica gel plates for screening lincomycin - degrading bacteria.
Effect of Tillage Systems on Distribution of Aggregates and Organic Carbon in a Long-Term No-Tillage Paddy Field
Authors: Tang Qi Wen , Jiang Chang Sheng , Hao Qing Ju , Wu Yan
Published: January 2011

The effect of different tillage systems on the size distribution of aggregates and organic carbon distribution and storage in different size aggregates in a Hydragric Anthrosol were studied in a long-term experiment in Chongqing, China. The experiment included five tillage treatments, which are conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SH), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF), respectively. The results showed that the aggregates 0.25-0.05 mm in diameter accounted for the largest proportion in each soil layer under all treatments. The organic carbon mainly exist in aggregates in the 0.25-2 mm and 0.05-0.25 mm diameter in the plough layer, which mainly exist in the 0.25-2 mm in diameter in the bottom layer. Distribution of organic carbon in aggregates in the 0.05-0.25 mm diameter class was highest, followed by the aggregates in the 0.25-2mm diameter class. The organic carbon in aggregates under different tillage systems was in a decreasing order of LM (21.05 g·kg-1)> DP (14.13 g·kg-1)> XM (13.29 g·kg-1)> LF (12.54 g·kg-1) > SH (11.41 g·kg-1). The total organic carbon content showed a significant correlation with the amount of aggregates with diameter >0.005 mm. The results showed that the accumulation of soil organic carbon was mainly affected by aggregates in the >0.005mm diameter class.
The Study on the Optimum Technological Conditions of the Fermentation of Phyllanthus emblica L. Liquor and the Variation of Contents of Nutrient Elements
Authors: Li Min Jie , Xiong Ya , Zhang Ying
Published: January 2011

This paper studied the optimum technological parameters of the liquor which was fermented by using Phyllanthus emblica L. which was from Panzhihua Dry-hot valley as raw material and the variation of contents of nutrient elements during the process of fermentation. Adopted the orthogonal test to analyze the main factors and decided the optimum technological parameters, adopted Atomic absorption spectrometry to detect the contents of nutrient elements during the process of fermentation. The results demonstrated that when the volume of juice is 70%, the contents of SO2 is 60 mg•kg-1, the amount of yeast is 0.6%, and the fermentation temperature is 22°C, the concentration of alcohol can reach to 7.6%, which is the highest among the 9 test groups. The temperature is the most important factor, and the next is the volume of juice, the content of SO2 affected little. During the process of fermentation, the proportion of most of the nutrient elements exceeded 50%, and a large part of the nutrient elements such as Ca, Cu, Fe etc. was reserved.
Prediction of Antigenic Epitopes for Coat Protein of Potato virus Y
Authors: Guo Shi Hui , Wang Chun Lei , Yang Hong Yi , Zhang Na Na , Zhuang Xin , Cui Dai Zong
Published: January 2011

Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important viruses that infect Solanaceous crops. In the study, the antigenic epitopes were predicted using computer-assisted analysis, and many potential regions of antigenic epitopes were located. Many properties of coat protein, such as the antigenic index, α-helix, β-sheet, β-turn, coil structure, hydrophilicity, surface probability, and flexibility, were analyzed with several algorithms in some softwares. Based on the rules for location the antigenic epitopes in the regions including β-turns and coil structures with the high hydrophilicity and surface probability, the predicted epitopes were located in the region of amino acid position 8-22, 24-38, 45-55, 240-255, respectively. It is helpful to prepare the antiserum of PVY based on the prediction result of antigenic epitope.