bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelado Dinámico y Control de un Tractor Articulado con Implemento
Authors: Genzelis Lucas , Sánchez Guido , Deniz Nahuel , Murillo Marina , Giovanini Leonardo
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo lleva adelante un análisis de un tractor articulado con dirección delantera acoplado a un implemento agrícola (como ser una fumigadora o una sembradora). Se desarrolla aquí el modelo de este sistema, en primer lugar en términos cinemáticos y luego en términos dinámicos. Utilizando la técnica de control predictivo, se calculan las acciones de control que permiten al implemento recorrer una trayectoria de referencia. Se emplean simulaciones numéricas para ilustrar el comportamiento del sistema y del controlador implementado.
Plataforma de Emulación de Animales Cuadrúpedos: Cinemática de las Patas
Authors: Pailosl Hugo N. , Bimal Guillermo , Liball Ariel
Published: May 2019

En este trabajo se presenta un robot de cuatro patas que posee dos servomotores por pata (ocho en total), localizados en los hombros y codos en los cuartos delanteros y en las caderas y rodillas en los cuartos traseros. El diseño, construcción y programación de este robot, tiene como objetivo la emulación de animales cuadrúpedos. Esta plataforma robot, puede caminar de diferentes maneras para imitar tanto animales existentes como así también cuadrúpedos extintos. El robot puede caminar hacia delante y hacia atrás y además hacerlo con diferentes estrategias sin caerse.
Diseño de Sistema de Posicionamiento de Sondas en Túnel de Viento
Authors: Moreo Guillermo , Meroniuc Matías , Ruscio Juan , Domecq Brian
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo trata sobre el diseño de un sistema de posicionamiento de sondas direccionales, denominado traverser, para realizar mapeos de estela detrás y alrededor de las maquetas. Para este fin los requerimientos del sistema son poder posicionar una sonda según los 3 ejes de referencia de la sección de ensayos del túnel de viento (XYZ) con una precisión inferior a 1mm. El posicionamiento de la sonda se diseño para que sea completamente automático y controlado desde la PC central, mediante software de desarrollo especifico. Se incluyó un grado de libertad adicional en rotación sobre el plano xy, de manera tal que pudiera posicionarse la sonda en un ángulo al plano de la maqueta.
Calidad Acústica de Aulas Universitarias: Análisis y Evaluación de Parámetros Acústicos de Recintos
Authors: Ferreyra Sebastián P. , Cravero Gabriel A. , Longoni Hugo C. , López Juan F. , Parada Manuel F. , Díaz Marcos S.
Published: May 2019

En nuestro país, por lo general, las aulas han sido construidas sin considerar criterios acústicos, generando ambientes inadecuados para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Ésta situación, interfiere tanto en el desempeño académico de los alumnos, como en la salud de los docentes. En este trabajo se analizan los principales factores acústicos intervinientes en dicho proceso, tales como: geometría y materiales del recinto, ruido de fondo, tiempos de reverberación y relación señal/ruido. Los resultados evidencian que una cantidad significativa de aulas utilizadas en el dictado de carreras de grado no presentan condiciones adecuadas para el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los resultados presentados se obtuvieron en el marco del PID UTN 1658: “Estudio de características principales del campo sonoro en aulas y auditorios.
Propuesta Educativa Basada en Proyectos Prácticos de Robótica Avanzada sobre Plataforma Jetson TX1 para Estudiantes de Grado y Posgrado
Authors: Curetti María , Flesia Ana G. , Garcia Bravo Santiago , Serra Mariano , Mathe Ladislao
Published: May 2019

En este trabajo se describe una propuesta para un curso de robótica avanzada basado en proyectos prácticos e implementado sobre un ordenador embebido Nvidia Jetson Tegra X1 dirigido a estudiantes de grado avanzados o de posgrado. El programa utiliza sensores de última generación y computadoras integradas para la robótica móvil. Estos componentes son integra-dos a una plataforma de desarrollo móvil. El programa tiene tres rasgos distintivos destacados: (1) se centra en sistemas de soft¬ware de robótica: los estudiantes diseñan y construyen software de robótica hacia aplicaciones del mundo real, sin ser distraídos por problemas de hardware; (2) promueve el aprendizaje basado en proyectos: los estudiantes aprenden a través de asignaciones de proyectos semanales y un desafío final del curso; (3) el aprendizaje se implementa de manera colaborativa: los alumnos aprenden los conceptos básicos de colaboración y comunicación técnica en las conferencias y trabajan en equipo para diseñar e implementar sus sistemas de software. El programa se basa en el curso de robótica desarrollado por el Profesor John Seng y su equipo, en la Universidad politécnica estatal de California. También discutimos brevemente las direcciones y oportunidades futuras.
TBE in Austria
Authors: Stiasny Karin , Holzmann Heidemarie , Heinz Franz-Xaver
Published: May 2019

Since 1972, the documentation of human cases of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Austria has been performed by the Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, which acts as the National Reference Laboratory for TBE and other flavivirus infections.
TBE in Italy
Authors: Tagliapietra Valentina , Riccardo Flavia , Rezza Giovanni
Published: May 2019

Italy is considered a low incidence country for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe. Areas at higher risk for TBE in Italy are geographically clustered in the forested and mountainous regions and provinces in the north east part of the country, as suggested by TBE case series published over the last decade.
TBE in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Erber Wilhelm
Published: May 2019

There is not so much information and publication available on TBE in Kyrgyzstan. A survey by Atkinson references the following: In humans and birds low seropositivity has been demonstrated as early as 1973. In 1978 the TBEV has been isolated from ticks, and twelve human cases were reported between 1976–1981.
TBE in Lithuania
Authors: Mickienė Auksė
Published: May 2019

The first case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Lithuania, diagnosed by clinical and epidemiologic criteria only, was reported in 1953.
TBE in Moldova
Authors: Erber Wilhelm , Vuković Janković Tamara
Published: May 2019

Although there are no reliable data on the number of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases or the percentage of infected ticks, based on the geography and the presence of TBE virus (TBEV) in all neighboring countries, it must be assumed that TBEV is present anywhere in Moldova.
TBE in Belgium
Authors: Suin Vanessa , Brochier Bernard , Lernout Tinne , Van Esbroeck Marjan , Van Gucht Steven , Roelandt Sophie
Published: May 2019

In 2018, the two first human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases with possible/probable autochthonous infection, were diagnosed at the National Reference Centre (NRC) of Arbovirus (The Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium).
TBE in China
Authors: Yang Junfeng , Schmitt Heinz-J
Published: May 2019

The first TBE patients in China were reported in 1943, and the TBEV was isolated from the brain tissues of 2 patients in 1944 by Japanese military scientists, and from patients and ticks (Ixodes persulcatus and Haemaphysalis concinna) in 1952 by Chinese researchers.
TBE in Croatia
Authors: Erber Wilhelm , Vuković Janković Tamara
Published: May 2019

Even though tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been a notifiable disease in Croatia since 2007, there are no or only limited data available on the occurring tick species in the endemic areas, on the prevalence of TBE virus (TBEV) in ticks, its distribution in Croatia, and its genetic characteristics. Reporting of human cases also is very scarce. The Central European subtype of virus (TBEV-EU) appears to be present in Croatia.
Potensi Bidang Gelincir Di Daerah Palludda Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Nawir Alfian , Djamaluddin Djamaluddin , Bakri Hasbi , Nurfalaq Aryadi , Prasetyawati Umar Emi
Published: May 2019

Daerah Paludda di Kabupaten Barru, potensi longsor umumnya terdapat di pinggiran jalan, kondisi ini, membahayakan pengguna jalan dan dapat menghambat alur lalu lintas warga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi tanah longsor daerah Paludda Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk mengetahui potensi tersebut, digunakan metode resistivity. Metode ini dapat memberikan informasi mengenai lapisan batuan bawah permukaan. Heterogenitas lapisan diperoleh dari beda parameter fisis daya hantar listrik antar batuan bawah permukaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga lapisan batuan pada lokasi penelitian yaitu batulempung (lapisan bawah), batupasir pejal (lapisan tengah) dan top soil (lapisan atas). Bidang gelincir diprediksi pada lapisan batulempung yang memiliki permeabilitas yang baik. Hal tersebut didukung oleh top soil yang tidak terkonsolidasi dengan baik dan batupasir pejal yang banyak memiliki rekahan, juga didukung kemiringan batuan sebesar 160. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa potensi longsor daerah Palludda tergolong tinggi.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pelapukan Terhadap Kadar Nikel Laterit Pada Daerah Ussu, Kec. Malili Kab. Luwu Timur Prov. Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Hardin Wakila Muhamad , Heriansyah Andi Fadhli , F Firdaus , Nurhawaisyah Sitti Ratmi
Published: May 2019

Dampak dari pergantian musim akan mempengaruhi tingkat pelapukan, dan kadar nikel laterit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pelapukan terhadap kadar nikel laterit. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan langsung dan pendiskripsian terhadap sampel core dari lubang bor yang mewakili daerah landai dan daerah curam. Hasil deskripsinya akan dianalisis sehingga diketahui nilai kadar pada masing-masing lubang bor, baik lubang bor di daerah landai maupun lubang bor di daerah curam. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa lubang bor yang mewakili daerah landai yakni DH-016, DH- 015, DH-014, dan DH-O13, memiliki ketebalan limonit yang relatif tinggi yakni berkisar 8 sampai 17 meter, dan ketebalan zona saprolitnya berkisar 8 sampai 16 meter, serta mempunyai nilai kadar Ni zona limonit yang berkisar antara 0,85 % sampai 1,01 %, dan nilai kadar Ni zona saprolit yang berkisar antara 1,88 % sampai 2,01 %. Hal ini berbanding terbalik dengan lubang bor yang mewakili daerah curam dimana ketebalan zona limonitnya hanya mencapai 1 meter, dan ketebalan zona saprolitnya hanya berkisar 2 sampai 5 meter, serta nilai kadar Ni zona limonitnya berkisar 0,49 % sampai 0,71 %, dan nilai kadar Ni zona saprolitnya berkisar 1,43 % sampai 1,54 %, dan juga dijumpai zona bedrock dengan kisaran kadar Ni antara 0,94 % sampai 1,06 %. Dari hasil diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelapukan berpengaruh terhadap kadar Ni, sebab semakin tinggi tingkat pelapukan pada suatu daerah, maka semakin tinggi pula kadar Ni pada daerah tersebut.
Endapan Emas Placer Di Daerah Wumbubangka Kecamatan Rarowatu Dan Rarowatu Utara, Kabupaten Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Yuwanto Sapto Heru , Heruroso Satria
Published: May 2019

Daerah penelitian berada di Daerah Wumbubangka, Rarowatu dan Rarowatu Utara, Bombana, Sulawesi Tenggara. Geologi regional daerah penelitian, kondisi geomorfologi terdiri dari perbukitan yang tererosi dan dataran alluvial, litologi terdiri dari satuan batuan sekis berumur Akhir Kapur – Paleosen, satuan batupasir berumur Plistosen. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemetaan geologi permukaan dan analisis sampel batuan dengan geokimia AAS (Atomic Absorbsion Spektrophotometri). Berdasarkan analisis data dan pembahasan, litologi daerah penelitian terdiri atas satuan batuan konglomerat dengan fragmen sekis, batupasir dan kuarsit. Satuan batuan sekis yang terdiri dari sekis gloukofan, sekis amfibolit, meta batugamping dan rijang. Endapan emas placer di daerah penelitian adalah endapan eluvial placer dan endapan terrace placer, dimana endapan emas diendapkan dengan endapan alluvial lainnya. Arah penyebaran endapan emas placer, dari Barat dengan morfologi didominasi oleh bukit-bukit sekis hingga ke Timur yang memiliki morfologi dataran aluvial.
PENGARUH MICRO WAVE DIATHERMY DAN TERAPI LATIHAN PADA OSTEOARTHRITIS GENU
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Abidin Zainal , Wicaksono Riza Dwi
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang : Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013, pravalensi penyakit sendi berdasarkan diagnosa kesehatan di Indonesia 11,9% dan berdasarkan gejala 24,7%. Pravalensi berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan tertinggi di bali 19,3% sedangkan berdasarkan gejala tertinggi di Nusa Tenggara Timur 33,1%, jawa barat 32,1%, DKI Jakarta 21,8% jika dilihat dari karakteristik umur , pravalensi tertinggi pada umur ≥ 75 tahun (54,8%) penderita wanita juga lebih banyak (27,5%) dibandingkan dengan pria (21,8%)(Riskesdas, 2013) Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD dr. H. Soewondo kendal pada bulan November 2017 dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan dengan metode quasi eksperimen jenis pretest-posttest.

Tujuan : mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Micro Wave Diathermy, Latihan aktif, Resisted active exercise dan Hold Relax pada osteoarthritis genu

Hasil : uji normalitas data dengan saphiro-wilk test mendapatkan hasil distribusi data normal dengan nilai sig. untuk VAS sebelum terapi 0.168, VAS sesudah terapi 0.273, LGS sebelum terapi 0.592, LGS sesudah terapi 0.476, skor Jette sebelum terapi 0.507 dan skor Jette setelah terapi 0.501. uji hipotesis menggunakan paired sample t test didapatkan hasil berupa perubahan signifikan antara sebelum terapi dibandingkan dengan setelah terapi ditunjukan dengan sig. (2-tailed) untuk VAS 0,000, sig. (2-tailed) untuk LGS 0,001 dan sig. (2-tailed) untuk skor Jette 0,000.

Kesimpulan : intervensi fisioterapi berupa Micro Wave Diathermy, Latihan aktif, Resisted active exercise dan Hold Relax terbukti mampu menurunkan derajat nyeri, meningkatkan lingkup gerak sendi dan Kemampuan fungsional aktivitas lutut partisipan.
İbrahim Hakkı Hazretleri’nin Şiirlerinin Biblioterapi Bağlaminda Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Abbasoğulları Gülcan
Published: May 2019

Biblioterapi
okumayla iyileşme demektir. Yani doğru kitabı, doğru zamanda doğru kişiyle buluşturarak
rahatlama elde etmektir. Eski toplumlardan bu yana kütüphanelerin şifahane gibi
kabul edilmeleri, okumanın bilişsel ve duyuşsal anlamda pek çok faydası
olduğunu göstermektedir. Biblioterapi, özdeşim, katarsis ve içgörü olmak üzere
üç aşama olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Özdeşim, kişinin eserdeki kahramanla
özdeşim kurması; katarsis, okuyucunun gerginlikten kurtulması ve yahut ruhsal
yenilenişe kavuşması; içgörü ise farkındalık kazanma, çözüm yolları bulma
durumudur.

İbrahim
Hakkı Hazretleri, 2 Muharrem 1115 (18 Mayıs 1703) tarihinde Erzurum’un
Hasankale ilçesinde doğmuştur. Pek çok ilimle meşgul olan İbrahim Hakkı
Hazretleri, eserlerinde tevekkül, teslimiyet, rıza, sabır gibi konulara sıkça
yer vermiştir. Bu çalışmada ise İbrahim Hakkı Hazretlerinin şiirleri,
biblioterapi bağlamında değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
RURAL AND URBAN POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Rosida Lia
Published: May 2019

As poverty has been regarded as multifaceted involving financial and non-financial dimensions, defining poverty appears to be demanding especially when it is related to impoverishment in specific areas with particular characteristics. Consequently, in order to enable mitigation of poverty to obtain right solutions for the right situations in the right places, several factors of poverty need to be investigated through its classification into rural or urban poverty issues. Thus, this study aims at finding out urban and rural poverty issues regarding their several distinct features and similarities through literature study approach. Our finding reveals that rural poverty is considered much more extensive than urban poverty especially as it is related to difficulties in the infrastructural access/ basic service limitations to run the economic activities. However, although urban poverty is less extensive, the complexity seems to be higher than rural poverty due to unhealthy life conditions in addition to basic service shortages.
Reading the Party
Authors: Milthorpe Naomi , Murphy Eliza
Published: May 2019

This article outlines an approach to understanding festivity through the lens of literary texts. Studies of festivity in early twentieth-century literature center largely on the image of the party. Representations of parties in the literary texts of this period range widely, and the sheer number of parties found in this body of literature highlights the shared interest of writers of the time to explore the implications of festive sociability. Given these parameters a reader might expect the literature of the period to show parties positively: as utopian occasions for transformative jouissance leading to catharsis and (satisfying) narrative closure. Yet many texts of this time represent festivity not as pleasurable renewal but as unpleasurable waste. This is particularly the case in fiction by the English satirist Evelyn Waugh (1903–66). In Waugh’s texts, celebration tends toward destructive (rather than restorative) disorder. This paper will read Waugh’s novel Vile Bodies (1930) and short story “Cruise: Letters from a Young Lady of Leisure” (1933), using Roger Caillois’s theory of games, to explore the ways in which parties become sites of wasteful play. Moreover, as this article will demonstrate, literary texts are central documents for understanding the cultural history and subjective experience of parties. They evidence the felt and imagined experiences of social and moral transgression; bodily, mental and affective transformation; and class, race, gender, and sexual boundary-crossing occasioned by festivity. In that sense, the discipline of literary studies can contribute to a robust interdisciplinary approach to understanding festivity.
Doing Research on Festivals
Authors: Testa Alessandro
Published: May 2019

With this opinion piece, the author highlights certain methodological and thematic patterns characterizing his ten-year-long research into festivals, public rituals, and collective events, completing such recapitulation with a statement of ongoing commitment as well as with ideas about possible further scholarly developments. His final aim is to show how research about festivals, festivities, and festive events has benefited and still benefits from being conducted on the basis of a methodology involving critical comparison, intensive and in-depth ethnography, and a thorough study of historical sources.
A Festival of Kinship, Defiance, and Ethnic Survival
Authors: Paul John
Published: May 2019

In the fall of 2016, I traveled to North Dakota as an invited guest of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe to document the emergent encampment of American Indians and their allies who had gathered to protest the construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline. This work explores some of these lived protests and the festival-like realities (as well as the strengths and criticisms of the "festival” notion) that were produced in such protestive actions. Ultimately, this article has three goals. First, it seeks to document, via photographs and text, some of the mobilization efforts of protesters against a segment of the oil and gas industry operating on American Indian land. Second, it questions the scholarly concept of "festival as protest"—again, highlighting the strengths and controversies of the application of this term to the Standing Rock Protests. Third, it shows how photography can complement and enhance qualitative field research.
Festivities as Spaces of Identity Construction
Authors: De Araujo Aguiar Luciana
Published: May 2019

Jongo is a cultural practice specific to the cities located in the Paraíba do Sul river valley, in the south-eastern region of Brazil. It is a form of expression rooted in the knowledge, rituals and beliefs of the African populations of Bantu language and which incorporates drum percussion, collective dance, and magic-religious, poetic elements. The roda, literally meaning “round,” is the performance space of the jongo. The quest for an “authentic jongo dance” at the time of the rodas often leads to disputes among various groups claiming the greater “purity” of their group, or the greater “truth” of their personal history. Indeed, during the rodas, the quest for the “afro authenticity” of the jongo becomes the ground for identity construction and for the recognition and legitimization of African origins. This paper focuses on the jongo rodas as a festive event that exhibits the African ancestral past of Brazilian blacks as well as the signs and symbols of a Brazilian black identity.
Bonos globales peruanos en el mercado bursátil americano
Authors: Carhuancho Mendoza Irma Milagros , Cavero Egúsquiza Vargas Lauralinda Leonor , Munsibay Muñoa Manuel Alberto
Published: May 2019

La investigación realizada tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de la emisión y colocación de bonos globales peruanos en la deuda externa a través del mercado bursátil americano. El estudio se formalizó bajo el enfoque mixto, aplicándose la entrevista y el análisis documental, para la explicación del modelo se utilizó el software Atlas.ti y Eviews. Los bonos globales peruanos para su colocación están amparados bajo la normatividad del mercado americano. Evidenciándose, que el indicador de mayor relevancia es el monto de colocación; para determinar la prima de riesgo se tiene en cuenta la tasa de interés de referencia y el rendimiento del bono a 10 años de Estados Unidos. Por lo cual, la emisión y colocación de los bonos globales peruanos a largo plazo resultan ser una alternativa para obtener financiamiento, explicando así el 100% del déficit fiscal, el 58% de las reservas internacionales netas, el 6% del saldo de la balanza de pagos y el 14% del nivel de endeudamiento.
Aplicación del programa de intención emprendedora en el distrito de ate
Authors: Calla Vásquez Kriss , Judith Yangali Vicente , José Rodríguez López , Guerrero Bejarano Maria Auxiliadora
Published: May 2019

La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar en qué medida la aplicación del programa de emprendimiento y creación de microempresas desarrolla la competitividad académica en el ámbito educativo en el distrito de Ate – Lima, durante el 2019. Es una investigación aplicada, el diseño de la investigación es experimental, de nivel cuasi experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo y de corte transversal. La población lo constituyen 1409 individuos del distrito de Ate, la muestra es no probabilística conformado por 128 individuos. La técnica utilizada es la encuesta y el instrumento es el cuestionario. Se busca obtener resultados a partir de la aplicación del programa de emprendimiento y creación de microempresas que influyen significativamente en la competitividad empresarial en el ámbito educativo en Ate, Lima. Los resultados de la primera fase de la Aplicación del Programa de Emprendimiento y creación de microempresas, en la dimensión intención emprendedora se concluye que: El 100% de los encuestados muestran actitud positiva hacia el emprendimiento entre los pobladores de Ate, considerando importante la opinión de la familia y amigos con respecto a la creación de empresas; apreciándose  el deseo de control conductual en la creación de la empresa, y la decisión de crear su propia empresa.
Relaciones generacionales: Entre la violencia y el afecto
Authors: De La Cruz Landazuri María Gabriela , Aguilar Rodríguez Freddy , Chicaiza Aucapiña Italo
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como fin provocar una reflexión profunda sobre las relaciones afectivas entre adultos y niños, para determinar su grado de incidencia en el crecimiento y desarrollo saludable de jóvenes, niños y niñas.

Para alcanzar este objetivo se extraen cifras de la línea base realizada en la provincia del Napo, corroborada y comparada con otros trabajos investigativos de la localidad y a nivel nacional; seguidamente se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la encuesta cantonal sobre el trato entre adultos y niños/as, desde el Concejo Cantonal de la Niñez y Adolescencia. Finalmente, se analizarán las denuncias de vulneración de derechos registradas por la Junta Cantonal de Protección de Derechos para intentar desembocar en una especie de bosquejo hacia la construcción de una cultura de paz.

La complejidad del tema provoca un abordaje interdisciplinario, más allá de las estadísticas y concepciones hay que tener una mirada plural y amplia que ahuyente las tendencias antagónicas que consideran sin valor alguno el tema afectivo, y sentencian invariables los patrones de relación socio-afectivas.

 Palabras claves: Socialización, jóvenes, infancias, vulneración, violencias.
Taxonomy of Gas Turbine Blade Defects
Authors: Aust Jonas , Pons Dirk
Published: May 2019

Context—The maintenance of aero engines is intricate, time-consuming, costly and has significant functional and safety implications. Engine blades and vanes are the most rejected parts during engine maintenance. Consequently, there is an ongoing need for more effective and efficient inspection processes. Purpose—This paper defines engine blade defects, assigns root-causes, shows causal links and cascade effects and provides a taxonomy system. Approach—Defect types were identified from the literature and maintenance manuals, categorisations were devised and an ontology was created. Results—Defect was categorised into Surface Damage, Wear, Material Separation and Material Deformation. A second categorisation identified potential causes of Impact, Environmental causes, Operational causes, Poor maintenance, Poor manufacturing and Fatigue. These two categorisations were integrated with an ontology. Originality—The work provides a single comprehensive illustrated list of engine blade defects, and a standardised defect terminology, which currently does not exist in the aviation industry. It proposes a taxonomy for both engine blade defects and root-causes, and shows that these may be related using an ontology.
Replacing Fish Meal with Defatted Insect Meal (Yellow Mealworm Tenebrio molitor) Improves the Growth and Immunity of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Motte Constant , Rios Alfredo , Lefebvre Thomas , Do Hong , Henry Morgane , Jintasataporn Orapint
Published: May 2019

Recently, ecological and economic issues have affected fish meal (FM) supply, the main source of protein for shrimp. This triggered a search for alternative dietary protein sources for shrimp production. We studied the consequences of replacing FM with a defatted insect meal, ŸnMealTM (YM), comprised of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). Growth and immune parameters of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannanmei) were compared after an eight-week feeding trial. Shrimp were kept in aquaria with densities of 60 and 40 shrimp/m2 and fed one of five diets in which a proportion of FM was replaced by YM. All diets were isoproteic, isoenergetic, and balanced in lysine and methionine. After the feeding trial, shrimp were challenged with pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Growth and feed conversion parameters improved when YM was included in shrimp diets; with the highest weight gain and best food conversion ratio (FCR) achieved when 50% of FM was replaced by YM versus the control diet that contained no YM (initial weight: 1.60 g/shrimp; growth: 5.27 vs. 3.94 g/shrimp; FCR 1.20 vs. 1.59). In challenged shrimp, mortality rates were significantly less among groups that received YM, with a 76.9% lower mortality rate in the 50% FM replacement group versus the control.
Towards a Zero-Waste Biorefinery Using Edible Oils as Solvents for the Green Extraction of Volatile and Non-Volatile Bioactive Compounds from Rosemary
Authors: Li Ying , Bundeesomchok Kunnitee , Rakotomanomana Njara , Fabiano-Tixier Anne-Sylvie , Bott Romain , Wang Yong , Chemat Farid
Published: May 2019

The zero-waste biorefinery concept inspired a green oleo-extraction of both natural volatile (e.g., borneol, camphor, o-cymene, eucalyptol, limonene, α-pinene, and terpinen-4-ol) and non-volatile (e.g., carnosol, carnosic, and rosmarinic acid) bioactive compounds from rosemary leaves with vegetable oils and their amphiphilic derivatives as simple food-grade solvents. It is noteworthy that soybean oil could obtain the highest total phenolic compounds (TPCs) among 12 refined oils including grapeseed, rapeseed, peanut, sunflower, olive, avocado, almond, apricot, corn, wheat germ, and hazelnut oils. Furthermore, the addition of oil derivatives to soybean oils, such as glyceryl monooleate (GMO), glyceryl monostearate (GMS), diglycerides, and soy lecithin in particular, could not only significantly enhance the oleo-extraction of non-volatile antioxidants by 66.7% approximately, but also help to remarkably improve the solvation of volatile aroma compounds (VACs) by 16% in refined soybean oils. These experimental results were in good consistency with their relative solubilities predicted by the more sophisticated COSMO-RS (COnductor like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents) simulation. This simple procedure of using vegetable oils and their derivatives as bio-based solvents for simultaneously improving the extraction yield of natural antioxidants and flavors from rosemary showed its great potential in up-scaling with the integration of green techniques (ultrasound, microwave, etc.) for zero-waste biorefinery from biomass waste to high value-added extracts in future functional food and cosmetic applications.
18F-FDG PET/CT and Urothelial Carcinoma: Impact on Management and Prognosis—A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Zattoni Fabio , Incerti Elena , Dal Moro Fabrizio , Moschini Marco , Castellucci Paolo , Panareo Stefano , Picchio Maria , Fallanca Federico , Briganti Alberto , Gallina Andrea , Fanti Stefano , Schiavina Riccardo , Brunocilla Eugenio , Rambaldi Ilaria , Lowe Val , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Evangelista Laura
Published: May 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) to predict survivorship of patients with bladder cancer (BC) and/or upper urinary tract carcinoma (UUTC). Materials: Data from patients who underwent FDG PET/CT for suspicion of recurrent urothelial carcinoma (UC) between 2007 and 2015 were retrospectively collected in a multicenter study. Disease management after the introduction of FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic algorithm was assessed in all patients. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analysis were computed for survival assessment. A Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of recurrence and death, for BC, UUTC, and concomitant BC and UUTC. Results: Data from 286 patients were collected. Of these, 212 had a history of BC, 38 of UUTC and 36 of concomitant BC and UUTC. Patient management was changed in 114/286 (40%) UC patients with the inclusion of FDG PET/CT, particularly in those with BC, reaching 74% (n = 90/122). After a mean follow-up period of 21 months (Interquartile range: 4–28 mo.), 136 patients (47.4%) had recurrence/progression of disease. Moreover, 131 subjects (45.6%) died. At Kaplan-Meier analyses, patients with BC and positive PET/CT had a worse overall survival than those with a negative scan (log-rank < 0.001). Furthermore, a negative PET/CT scan was associated with a lower recurrence rate than a positive examination, independently from the primary tumor site. At multivariate analysis, in patients with BC and UUTC, a positive FDG PET/CT resulted an independent predictor of disease-free and overall survival (p < 0,01). Conclusions: FDG PET/CT has the potential to change patient management, particularly for patients with BC. Furthermore, it can be considered a valid survival prediction tool after primary treatment in patients with recurrent UC. However, a firm recommendation cannot be made yet. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Mimicking Anti-Viruses with Machine Learning and Entropy Profiles
Authors: Menéndez Héctor D. , Llorente José Luis
Published: May 2019

The quality of anti-virus software relies on simple patterns extracted from binary files. Although these patterns have proven to work on detecting the specifics of software, they are extremely sensitive to concealment strategies, such as polymorphism or metamorphism. These limitations also make anti-virus software predictable, creating a security breach. Any black hat with enough information about the anti-virus behaviour can make its own copy of the software, without any access to the original implementation or database. In this work, we show how this is indeed possible by combining entropy patterns with classification algorithms. Our results, applied to 57 different anti-virus engines, show that we can mimic their behaviour with an accuracy close to 98% in the best case and 75% in the worst, applied on Windows’ disk resident malware.
An Analytical Model for Capturing the Decline of Fracture Conductivity in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale Trend from Production Data
Authors: Yang Xu , Guo Boyun , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: May 2019

Fracture conductivity decline is a concern in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale (TMS) wells due to the high content of clay in the shale. An analytical well productivity model was developed in this study considering the pressure-dependent conductivity of hydraulic fractures. The log-log diagnostic approach was used to identify the boundary-dominated flow regime rather than the linear flow regime. Case studies of seven TMS wells indicated that the proposed model allows approximation of the field data with good accuracy. Production data analyses with the model revealed that the pressure-dependent fracture conductivity in the TMS in the Mississippi section declines following a logarithmic mode, with dimensionless coefficient χ varying between 0.116 and 0.130. The pressure-dependent decline of fracture conductivity in the transient flow period is more significant than that in the boundary-dominated flow period.
Experimental Study on Temperature Distribution and Heat Losses of a Molten Salt Heat Storage Tank
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Wu Yuting , Ma Chongfang , Meng Qiang , Hu Xiao , Yang Cenyu
Published: May 2019

Two-tank molten salt heat storage systems are considered to be the most mature thermal storage technology in solar thermal power plants. As the key part of the system, the thermal performance of molten salt tanks is of great importance. An experimental thermal storage system with a new type of molten salt as a thermal energy storage medium has been built to investigate the temperature distribution of molten salt inside the tank during the cooling process from 550 °C to 180 °C. The temperature distribution of the salt was obtained, which reveals that temperature stratification appears at the bottom of the tank within the height of 200 mm. The position, with the maximum temperature difference of 16.1 °C, is at the lower edges of the molten salt storage tank. The temperature distribution was also measured to deepen our understanding of the insulation foundation, which shows that the maximum temperature appears at the middle upper part of the foundation and decreases radially. The heat losses of the molten salt tank were calculated by the classical equation, from which it was found that the heat loss decreases from 3.65 kWh to 1.82 kWh as the temperature of the molten salt drops from 550 °C to 310 °C. The effect of temperature stratification on the heat losses of the tank’s bottom was also analyzed.
Enabling Large-Scale Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS) Using Offshore Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Infrastructure Developments—A Review
Authors: Eide Lars Ingolf , Batum Melissa , Dixon Tim , Elamin Zabia , Graue Arne , Hagen Sveinung , Hovorka Susan , Nazarian Bamshad , Nøkleby Pål Helge , Olsen Geir Inge , Ringrose Philip , Vieira Raphael Augusto Mello
Published: May 2019

Presently, the only offshore project for enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide, known as CO2-EOR, is in Brazil. Several desk studies have been undertaken, without any projects being implemented. The objective of this review is to investigate barriers to the implementation of large-scale offshore CO2-EOR projects, to identify recent technology developments, and to suggest non-technological incentives that may enable implementation. We examine differences between onshore and offshore CO2-EOR, emerging technologies that could enable projects, as well as approaches and regulatory requirements that may help overcome barriers. Our review shows that there are few, if any, technical barriers to offshore CO2-EOR. However, there are many other barriers to the implementation of offshore CO2-EOR, including: High investment and operation costs, uncertainties about reservoir performance, limited access of CO2 supply, lack of business models, and uncertainties about regulations. This review describes recent technology developments that may remove such barriers and concludes with recommendations for overcoming non-technical barriers. The review is based on a report by the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF).
Experimental Research for Stabilizing Offshore Floating Wind Turbines
Authors: Yang Wenxian , Tian Wenye , Hvalbye Ole , Peng Zhike , Wei Kexiang , Tian Xinliang
Published: May 2019

Floating turbines are attracting increasing interest today. However, the power generation efficiency of a floating turbine is highly dependent on its motion stability in sea water. This issue is more marked, particularly when the floating turbines operate in relatively shallow water. In order to address this issue, a new concept motion stabilizer is studied in this paper. It is a completely passive device consisting of a number of heave plates. The plates are connected to the foundation of the floating wind turbine via structural arms. Since the heave plates are completely, rather than partially, exposed to water, all surfaces of them can be fully utilized to create the damping forces required to stabilize the floating wind turbine. Moreover, their stabilizing effect can be further amplified due to the application of the structural arms. This is because torques will be generated by the damping forces via the structural arms, and then applied to stabilizing the floating turbine. To verify the proposed concept motion stabilizer, its practical effectiveness on motion reduction is investigated in this paper. Both numerical and experimental testing results have shown that after using the proposed concept stabilizer, the motion stability of the floating turbine has been successfully improved over a wide range of wave periods even in relatively shallow water. Moreover, the comparison has shown that the stabilizer is more effective in stabilizing the floating wind turbine than single heave plate does. This suggests that the proposed concept stabilizer may provide a potentially viable solution for stabilizing floating wind turbines.
Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems
Authors: Guo Xiaofeng , Goumba Alain Pascal , Wang Cheng
Published: May 2019

Large-scale solar heating for the building sector requires an adequate Thermal Energy Storage (TES) strategy. TES plays the role of load shifting between the energy demand and the solar irradiance and thus makes the annual production optimal. In this study, we report a simplified algorithm uniquely based on energy flux, to evaluate the role of active TES on the annual performance of a large-scale solar heating for residential thermal energy supply. The program considers different types of TES, i.e., direct and indirect, as well as their specifications in terms of capacity, storage density, charging/discharging limits, etc. Our result confirms the auto-regulation ability of indirect (latent using Phase Change Material (PCM), or Borehole thermal storage (BTES) in soil) TES which makes the annual performance comparable to that of direct (sensible with hot water) TES. The charging and discharging restrictions of the latent TES, until now considered as a weak point, could retard the achievement of fully-charged situation and prolong the charging process. With its compact volume, the indirect TES turns to be promising for large-scale solar thermal application.
On the Interaction of Side-By-Side Circular Cylinders in Viscoplastic Fluids
Authors: Hamedi Naser , Westerberg Lars-Göran
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the static interaction of a train of three cylinders in a Bingham fluid is studied numerically using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The variation of drag forces for the cylinders in several configurations is investigated. Positions of the particles in relation to the reference particle are recognized by the separation distance between the cylinders. A steady state field is considered, with Bingham numbers between 5 and 150. Several separation distances (d) were considered, such that 2.0D ≤ d ≤ 6.0D where D is the cylinder diameter. The Reynolds number was chosen in the range of 5 ≤ Re ≤ 40. In particular, the effect of the separation distance, Reynolds number and Bingham number on the shape and size of the unyielded regions was investigated. The functional dependence of this region and the drag coefficient is explored. The present results reveal the significant influence of the gap between the cylinders on the drag force and the shape of the unyielded regions surrounding the cylinders. It was found that there are several configurations in which the drag forces over the first and the third cylinders are almost equal depending on variation of the Bi, Re and the separation distance.
Long-Term Optical Monitoring of Blazars
Authors: Gazeas Kosmas
Published: May 2019

Systematic monitoring of specific targets in the optical regime was historically applied on a very narrow sample of known variable stars. The discovery of blazars in the 20th century brought to the foreground the need for new global sky surveys, covering the entire sky and fainter sources. Full-sky surveys are conducted more easily from space observatories, while radio telescopes perform follow up observations from the ground. Blazars are detected in a wide range of energies, while they exhibit strong variability in various wavelengths from γ-rays and X-rays to the optical and radio domain. This results in a detailed classification, according to their emission properties in each region. The rapid variability in optical domain makes blazars interesting targets for optical sky surveys, offering a new opportunity to study their variability in the time domain. Digital sky surveys in optical and near-IR found a fertile ground with the aid of sensitive sensors. Only a few dedicated programs are focusing on blazar variability, a trend which evolved rapidly in the last decade. Modern techniques, in combination with dedicated sky survey programs lead towards a new era of long-term monitoring of blazars, aiming towards the search or variability on various time scales. In this work, an overview of blazar optical surveys and monitoring projects is given, addressing the major points of each one, and highlighting the constraints that the long-term study of blazars will bring through future international campaigns.
The Relationship between Mental Health and the Quality of Life of Polish Nurses with Many Years of Experience in the Profession: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lewko Jolanta , Misiak Bianka , Sierżantowicz Regina
Published: May 2019

Background: In their professional work, nurses struggle repeatedly with difficult situations that are causes of stress. Another issue is the low prestige of the nursing profession compared with other professions, which results in dissatisfaction, increased frustration, and lack of precision when performing professional tasks. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between mental health and quality of life and satisfaction with life in nurses with many years of experience in the profession. Methods: The study was conducted in a group of 523 randomly selected professionally active nurses aged over 40 years old from the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Standardized questionnaires were used, including WHOQOL-BREF, a short version of a questionnaire assessing quality of life, the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28), and the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). Results: The mental health component was found to be significantly affected by financial situation (p = 0.005). Among respondents describing their financial status as bad, the assessment of negative mental health symptoms was higher. The remaining studied variables—work experience, nature of work, place of residence, age, material status, having a partner, and having children—did not affect the respondents’ mental health status. The co-occurrence of chronic diseases affected (p = 0.008) the intensification of negative mental health symptoms such as somatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, and social dysfunction. The intensification of negative mental health symptoms was not connected with absence from work. Conclusions: The financial situation of the respondents significantly determined their quality of life as well as influencing mental health components. Nurses’ satisfaction with life was correlated with all studied domains of quality of life.
Can Hypoxic Conditioning Improve Bone Metabolism? A Systematic Review
Authors: Camacho-Cardenosa Marta , Camacho-Cardenosa Alba , Timón Rafael , Olcina Guillermo , Tomas-Carus Pablo , Brazo-Sayavera Javier
Published: May 2019

Among other functions, hypoxia-inducible factor plays a critical role in bone–vascular coupling and bone formation. Studies have suggested that hypoxic conditioning could be a potential nonpharmacological strategy for treating skeletal diseases. However, there is no clear consensus regarding the bone metabolism response to hypoxia. Therefore, this review aims to examine the impact of different modes of hypoxia conditioning on bone metabolism. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for experimental studies written in English that investigated the effects of modification of ambient oxygen on bone remodelling parameters of healthy organisms. Thirty-nine studies analysed the effect of sustained or cyclic hypoxia exposure on genetic and protein expression and mineralisation capacity of different cell models; three studies carried out in animal models implemented sustained or cyclic hypoxia; ten studies examined the effect of sustained, intermittent or cyclic hypoxia on bone health and hormonal responses in humans. Different modes of hypoxic conditioning may have different impacts on bone metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Additional research is necessary to establish the optimal cyclical dose of oxygen concentration and exposure time.
A Review of Biomarkers Used for Assessing Human Exposure to Metals from E-Waste
Authors: Arain Aubrey L. , Neitzel Richard L.
Published: May 2019

Electronic waste recycling presents workers and communities with a potential for exposures to dangerous chemicals, including metals. This review examines studies that report on blood, hair, and urine biomarkers of communities and workers exposed to metals from e-waste. Our results from the evaluation of 19 publications found that there are consistently elevated levels of lead found in occupationally and non-occupationally exposed populations, in both the formal and the informal e-waste recycling sectors. Various other metals were found to be elevated in different exposure groups assessed using various types of biomarkers, but with less consistency than found in lead. Antimony and cadmium generally showed higher concentrations in exposed groups compared to reference group(s). Mercury and arsenic did not show a trend among exposure groups due to the dietary and environmental considerations. Observed variations in trends amongst exposure groups within studies using multiple biomarkers highlights the need to carefully select appropriate biomarkers. Our study concludes that there is a need for more rigorous research that moves past cross-sectional study designs, involves more thoughtful and methodical selection of biomarkers, and a systematic reporting standard for exposure studies to ensure that results can be compared across studies.