bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lady Killer Dalam Lingkungan Perkotaan: Sebuah Studi Fenomenologi
Authors: Mulya Yansa , Djuwita Ratna , Shalsabilla Hassya Noertalitha
Published: January 2025

In patriarchal cultures, women are described as individuals who do not compete much in social environments and tend to avoid conflict. Urbanization makes women do the same activities as men. This study aimed to explore the meaning of female perpetrators before and do committing murder. The criteria for lady killer in this study are individuals living in urban (metropolitan) with female sex over 18 years who are having problems (family, economy, career, romance). This research uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. The results of the study explain that the impact of urbanization creates a faster life process and makes some women who try to follow urbanization become stressed and have no coping. This is due to the unpreparedness of individuals in obtaining continuous negative impacts. When coping stress is doesn’t exist, the individual embed negative emotions continuously until finally deciding to eliminate the "stress object" by killing.
Makna Hidup Pada Narapidana Vonis Seumur Hidup Di Lapas Kelas IIA Banda Aceh
Authors: Pranata Dwi Chandra Pranata , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: January 2025

The meaning of life is things that are considered very important and valuable and provide special value for someone so that they deserve to be used as a purpose in life (the purpose in life).  This study aims to describe how the meaning of life and efforts to achieve the meaning of life in prisoners who are serving sentences with life sentences in Banda Aceh Class IIA Prison. This research uses a qualitative approach using phenomenological methods. Data collection was conducted by in-depth interviews of prisoners with life sentences. Data analysis is carried out by the process of coding, categorization and understanding the meaning of the phenomenon.  The results showed that the purpose of life that means a lot to prisoners is religion and family. To achieve this goal in life, prisoners carry out various positive activities in Prison. Activities initiated by the prison as well as routine independent activities carried out by prisoners in their daily lives serving life sentences
Evaluation de la rentabilité de la production de larves de la Mouche Soldat Noire (MSN) dans les unités de production du projet IITA-BBEST-Mali
Authors:   Centre Régional de Recherche Agronomique (CRRA) de Sotuba / Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER, SISSOKO Dioukou , MALLE Kadiatou ,   Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali IPR/IFRA Katibougou, DOUMBIA Fousseny ,   Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, SAMBA Mahamadou ,   Projet IITA-BBEST-Mali, MAÏGA Mohamed Adama ,   Biowast-Mali
Published: January 2025

Unsustainable biowaste management and unsustainable supply of feed for fish and poultry farming are 2 major challenges of emerging cities including Bamako. The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) technology transforms these challenges into an opportunity through an ecological method of decomposing biowaste into economically valuable products - animal feed and organic fertilizers. It is based on the principle of circular bioeconomy which stands out from the linear economy and is based on the principles of the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) as opposed to: Buy - Use - Throw away. It gives a new life and creates new value chains from organic agropastoral waste.
It is then perceived as a business model to stimulate private investment in sustainable biowaste management and sustainable production of animal feed and organic fertilizers. This requires an initial establishment cost and a production cost that must necessarily be made available to the future investor. To determine these costs, we identified, quantified and evaluated the costs required to obtain MSN larvae in the larva production units in Sotuba and IPR/IFRA. The production costs obtained were respectively 685.50 FCFA/kg of larvae for the type of production with fly breeding and 837.13 FCFA/kg for the type of production without fly breeding. The profitability rates were respectively 102.18% and 51.07%.
Keywords: Black Soldier Fly, Production cost, Profitability.
Approvisionnement responsable : Un défi de gestion durable de la chaîne logistique pour les industries agroalimentaires de la région de Ségou
Authors:   Institut Universitaire de Formation Professionnelle, Université de Ségou, TOURÉ Mahamadou
Published: January 2025

The industrial sector in general and the agri-food branch in particular is today challenged to fully play its role in order to meet the environmental and development challenges facing Mali.
The challenge for the agri-food industry in the Ségou region consists in reconciling the search for profit and the choice of actions favorable to the protection of the environment and the principles of sustainable development. We conducted this research in order to analyze the obstacles to the adoption of responsible sourcing in the supply chain of the agri-food industries of Segou. Using an inductive approach based on convenience sampling, we conducted our survey via a semi directive interview guide with 56 agri-food units. The results of our study show that the practice of responsible sourcing is still in an embryonic stage.
Key-words: Responsible Sourcing, Sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment
Une étude de modélisation et simulation (M&S) du trafic urbain de la ville Bamako s’appuyant sur l’approche de modélisation multi-perspective et simulation holistique (MPM&HS)
Authors:   Institut Universitaire de Formation Professionnelle (IUFP), Université de Ségou, Mali, KONE Youssouf , TOGO Hamidou ,   Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali, DIALLO Moussa ,   Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENSup) de Bamako, Mali
Published: January 2025

Urban traffic occupies a central place in our daily life of a city and gains complexity due to its increasing interdependence with other socio-economic dimensions (such as climate, demography and environmental policies, to name a few). This work presents a modeling and simulation study based on the Multi-Perspective Modeling and Holistic Simulation (MPM&HS) framework that can address such complexity. It is based on the holistic integration of models that have been independently constructed from the respective perspectives of diverse but interdependent dimensions. The resulting model can answer questions that any of the perspective-specific models cannot answer in isolation. We use a traffic modeling and simulation case study to illustrate the effectiveness of the MPM&HS approach.
Keywords: Modeling and Simulation (M&S), Multi-Perspective Modeling and Holistic Simulation (MPM&HS), High-Level Language for System Specification (HiLLS), Transportation system, Urban traffic, Anylogic.
State Power Limitations on Religion for The Fulfillment of The Constitutional Rights of Indigenous Religion Believers in Indonesia
Authors: Jufri Muwaffiq , Raphael D. Jackson-Ortiz  , Putra Perdana Ahmad Saifulloh  , Evis Garunja  , Sonia Ivana Barus
Published: January 2025

This article examines the importance of state power in regulating religion in a limited scope. This is intended to solve classic problems, such as the state immediately fulfilling the constitutional rights of local religious adherents. Even though the Constitutional Court partially recognizes the existence of local religions through decision No.97/PUU-XIV/2016, this decision does not change the legal status of local religions, which are not considered official state religions. This research contributes to efforts to fulfill the right to freedom of religion for followers of Indigenous religions through policy design that does not restrict local religions from becoming official state religions. This study employed a normative legal research method, which concludes that the state's involvement in limiting local religions is by issuing various rules that distinguish religion from belief and standardizing religion, which closes the opportunity for local religions to be recognized as an official state religion. Limitations on state power can be carried out by issuing state regulations in religion, which limits to regulate fostering harmony of religious life and upholding the freedom of religion and avoiding regulatory patterns that classify religions and standardize religion because it will hinder the fulfilment of the constitutional rights of belief adherents
The Increase of Child Labour in Nigeria: Legal Custody of Victim by the Nigerian Government as a Panacea
Authors: Aidonojie Paul Atagamen , Obieshi Eregbuonye , Aidonojie Esther Chetachukwu , Hassan Ismaila , Damina Joshua John
Published: January 2025

It is apt to state that there are numerous rights and obligations guardians or parents owe to their children or children in their custody. Although several laws seem to secure the right of children against child labour in Nigeria, however, it has been observed that there has been a recurrent increase in child labour, which is becoming a major challenge truncating the features of most children. In this regard, this study adopts a hybrid method of research in ascertaining if the Nigerian government takes custody of a child experiencing child labour could aid in curtailing the major challenge of child labour. In this regard, the study employs an online questionnaire sent to 307 respondents who reside in Nigeria. The study, therefore, found that, though several international and local laws tend to discourage child labour in Nigeria, there is still an increase in child labour. The study further found that several factors are often the root causes of child labour, and third-party custody of children suffering from child labour is a better solution. The study, therefore, concluded and recommended that to curb the major challenge of child labour, the Nigerian government needs to take a proactive step in assuming custody of children experiencing child labour. Hence, this study contributes to knowledge by determining if third-party custody is a possible consideration by the Nigerian government in legal-social intervention regarding diminished child labour and enforcing gaps left in existing child protection structures.
The Role of Technology in Optimizing Customer-Centric Supply Chains For Hospitality and Retail
Authors: Siddiqi Md Tanvir Hasan , Rasel Mohammad Abul Basher , Ahmed Hasib , Rahman Ridwanur , Khan Md Sanjid
Published: January 2025

This systematic review explores the pivotal role of technology in optimizing customer-centric supply chains within the hospitality and retail sectors. As consumer demands evolve, businesses are leveraging advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data analytics, and blockchain to enhance operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The study examines how these technologies enable real-time tracking, predictive analytics, personalized experiences, and improved transparency, transforming traditional linear supply chains into interconnected, intelligent networks. By analyzing 45 high-quality research articles, this review synthesizes current knowledge on how companies can create more agile and responsive supply chains that not only meet but anticipate consumer needs. The findings reveal significant improvements in key performance indicators, including inventory turnover rates, lead time reduction, and customer retention. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have shown to improve demand forecasting accuracy by up to 37%, while IoT implementation has led to an average 23% reduction in lead times. Big data analytics has driven a 28% increase in customer retention rates, and early blockchain adoption has resulted in a 34% reduction in product recalls. Furthermore, the study found that 82% of companies implementing these technologies reported improved overall supply chain visibility, and 69% experienced enhanced customer satisfaction scores. The integration of these technologies has also led to a 41% increase in supply chain responsiveness and a 19% reduction in operational costs. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers in the rapidly changing hospitality and retail landscapes, offering a roadmap for future technological integration in customer-centric supply chain management.
Assessing gender-based violence among Rohingya refugees during COVID-19: A qualitative study in Bangladesh
Authors: Maruf Shabbir Abdullah , Hashan Md Tarik , Kabir Tasaduk , Parves Pollob Rana , Akter Tasmim
Published: January 2025

Rohingya refugee women in Bangladesh are now at higher risk of gender-based violence (GBV) due to COVID-19. This qualitative study examines socio-cultural, economic, and structural aspects affecting Rohingya women’s GBV throughout the pandemic. This study employed phenomenological research design and purposively hired 15 health workers-Health coordinators, Care workers, and Mental health counselors to get the experiences of the survivors. According to thematic research, the following factors may enhance IPV and other kinds of GBV: They are the levels of lockdown, economic factors, and restrictions on support services respectively. Some of the limitations highlighted by focus group members when a study was freely rebuilt and enlarged were; gender norms stand traditional gender norms, mobility and mobile communication as barriers to reporting and receiving support. Disruptions in basic GBV services were especially traumatic since survivors who needed psychosocial and medical support stayed with their abusers. The findings suggest culturally competent and gender-sensitive interventions and public health policies to sustain GBV-related services in emergencies. Policies drawn include telemedicine, cultural suspicion under patriarchal thought leadership, and survivor-oriented support systems. Displacement, self-reported health, and systems relevant for violence prevention for women refugees are presented in the provided study.
Exploring the Impact of Kahoot! as An Interactive Game-Based Tool in Learning Chemistry for Undergraduates: A Review
Authors: Mohd Noor Nur Hidayah
Published: January 2025

Kahoot! is a popular game-based learning platform that leverages technology to create interactive and engaging classroom quizzes. It fosters the active participation of students and is believed to enhance students’ comprehension more effectively than traditional methods in educational settings. Thus, this review paper systematically examines and integrates existing literatures on using Kahoot! for learning Chemistry at the undergraduate level. By exploring the impact of Kahoot! on various aspects of Chemistry education, including academic performance, student engagement, study motivation, and attentiveness, this review provides a thorough understanding of its effectiveness as an educational tool. A comprehensive search was conducted across academic databases such as Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using predetermined keywords like 'undergraduate students,' 'Kahoot, game-based learning,' 'Chemistry education,' and 'academic performance'. Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed articles or conference papers published between 2014 and 2024. These articles or papers examined the impact of game-based learning tools, specifically Kahoot!, in Chemistry education. After an initial broad review, articles specifically discussing the use of Kahoot! in Chemistry education were selected for the final analysis. A thematic analysis of the four aspects mentioned above was employed to synthesize the findings. The results confirm that Kahoot! positively influences students' academic performance, heightens engagement, enhances study motivation and develops attentiveness in undergraduate Chemistry classrooms. However, further research is needed to address literature gaps and refine the implementation of Kahoot! to maximize its educational potential for Chemistry undergraduates.
Incorporating Artificial Intelligence in Health Professions Education
Authors: Htay Mila Nu Nu
Published: January 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare and health professions education is increasingly gaining attention due to its potential benefits. AI technologies have demonstrated potentials in enhancing teaching and learning processes such as personalized learning systems, virtual reality simulations, and automated assessments. However, most of the medical institutions are yet to be incorporated AI to their existing curriculum currently. It might be contributed by the considerable challenges such as limited faculty familiarity with AI technologies, availability of resources, algorithmic bias, ethical concerns, and data privacy issues. This article explores the potential transformative impact AI can have on medical education, focusing on its benefits, challenges, and the strategies required to successfully incorporate it into the curriculum.
Integrating Microsoft Teams in Medical Program for Virtual Pharmacology Simulations and Prescription Roleplay
Authors: I Gede Gita Sastrawan  , Sadikan Muhammad Zulfiqah , Das Suprava , Jusoh Rusdiah Ruzanna , Ahmad Hairi Haryati , Sadikan Siti Fairuz Nurr
Published: January 2025

Medical education is being transformed by digital technology, using platforms such as Microsoft Teams to develop alternative ways of performing clinical simulations and pharmacology roleplay. A literature review was conducted, using Google Scholar and PubMed, targeting articles from 2010 to 2024. The Microsoft Teams platform enables collaboration, such as problem-based learning and critical thinking, while practising real-world scenarios. Role-playing exercises enhance the pharmacological knowledge and communication abilities needed for interprofessional cooperation and patient encounters. The learning experience in this platform can also be enhanced with external applications. Despite the absence of hands-on, tactile practice, Microsoft Teams offers an adaptable platform for clinical skills development by fostering structured feedback and reflective learning. Microsoft Teams is an effective modern learning tool as virtual education is becoming one of the major parts of medical training. This tool will help prepare healthcare professionals towards effective patient care and pharmaceutical management.
Molecular modeling and identification of flax microgreens lignans as novel prostate cancer target inhibitors
Authors: Lawal Mudassir , Sharma Neeta Raj , Verma Awadhesh Kumar , Rakhra Gurmeen
Published: January 2025

One of the most common types of cancer is prostate cancer (PCa) and its prevalence rate is increasing in old men of ~70 years. In pharmacotherapy, natural compounds and their structural analogs have been used for cancer treatment. Several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Linum usitatissimum, commonly known as flax, in treating various cancers. However, the specific mechanisms by which flax-derived compounds act on PCa remain unclear. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying and evaluating the bioactive compounds in flax microgreens. The GCMS analysis was carried out using a Shimadzu (GCMS-TQ8040 NX). The instrument temperature was set from 50°C up to 300°C for 37 minutes to give a 100% total peak area. The molecular docking studies were carried out using AutoDock tools 4.2 version software. The ADMET properties were predicted and analysed using SWISSADME online (http://www.swissadme.ch/) and ProTox-3.0 online (https://tox.charite.de/protox3/index.php?site) prediction tools. GC-MS analysis identified 58 phytocompounds in the methanolic extracts of flax microgreens. Among these, CID11002708 and CID290541 exhibited the highest binding affinities to PCa target proteins. The ADME/T result shows the compounds have low toxicity and specific metabolic characteristics. Taking into account, the results of molecular docking and ADMET evaluation, it can be concluded that CID11002708 and CID290541 hold promise as novel inhibitors for the treatment of PCa. The current results can further be validated via in vitro and in vivo studies.
Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella from raw chicken meat at retail markets in Vinh Long Province
Authors: Quach Thi Cao Van , Nguyen Truc Trung
Published: January 2025

Salmonellosis is one of the most prevalent foodborne illnesses worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella isolates derived from raw chicken meat sold at various retail markets in Vinh Long Province, Vietnam. The results indicated that 100% of the chicken meat samples contained high densities of Salmonella spp. A total of 21 Salmonella isolates were obtained from these samples during this investigation. Using PCR techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, three bacterial strains (SP5_7, SP8_8, and SP9_9) were identified as Salmonella spp., with similarities of 95.31%, 97.89%, and 93.60%, respectively. The antibiogram results revealed that the Salmonella isolates were highly sensitive to ampicillin-sulbactam (90%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (67%), and doxycycline (52%), and were completely sensitive to gentamicin. Conversely, significant resistance was observed against ampicillin (86%), tetracycline (71%), amoxicillin (62%), and ciprofloxacin (57%). Notably, 86% of the strains exhibited multiresistance to three to ten antibiotics, with the highest proportion (19%) showing resistance to three antibiotics. Furthermore, 18 out of the 21 strains presented a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index >0.2, indicating frequent exposure to antibiotics. These findings underscore the necessity for stricter control measures in the sale of fresh chicken in markets to mitigate the spread of Salmonella in the environment.
The Right to Access Public Information: A Legal Comparison between Sweden and the Netherlands
Authors: Honée L.F.D. , Drahmann A.
Published: January 2025

In both Sweden and the Netherlands, citizens have the legal right to access public information held by their respective governments, yet significant differences in administrative culture regarding openness remain. This article aims to examine how that right is implemented in law. It
compares the scope of the right, who makes decisions to keep information confidential, the grounds for those decisions and how those decisions are made. Two key differences between the Netherlands and Sweden are particularly noteworthy, as they relate to fundamental theoretical debates about
publicity and secrecy in democracies. These differences also shape the broader legal framework governing the right to access public information. The first difference concerns the principle of legality, and the second involves the protection of confidential deliberations. By comparing how the
executive function is organised in the Netherlands and Sweden, this article demonstrates how, both in practice and principle, these two matters are closely tied to issues of responsibility and the division of public powers within the executive.
State Aid control in search of legitimacy: still a (long?) way to go. Reflections on T-486/18 RENV – Danske Slagtermestre v European Commission
Authors: Federico Rosario
Published: January 2025

In Danske Slagtermestre v European Commission, the General Court annulled the Commission decision finding that no State Aid was involved in the 2013 Danish reform on wastewater treatment contributions. The Court addressed two key issues: the violation of the principle of good
administration (impartiality) in State Aid investigations and, on substance, the interpretation of the 'Notion of Aid' in cases involving public infrastructures. While the latter is a more typical (and technical) 'State Aid issue', related to the still-blurred boundaries of the 'Notion of
Aid', the focus on impartiality is rather unconventional. The Court emphasized the importance of an unbiased handling of State Aid cases, as impartiality ensures equality of treatment, 'which is at the heart of the EU'. However, this promising statement has not been followed by an explicit
overruling of the existing case law, which only offers a limited protection for third-party rights in State Aid procedures. As for the notion of State Aid, the Court examined the measure under the 'market economy operator principle', which it deemed applicable in light of a recent extensive
interpretation by the Court of Justice. The ruling contains contentious statements, confirming the persistence of legitimacy issues in State Aid control, which should not be underestimated given the growing political dissatisfaction with Article 107 TFEU.
Soil Erosion Assessment Using the RUSLE Model and Geospatial Techniques (Remote Sensing and GIS) in Kalyani River Watershed of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Pal Akash , Kumar Mukesh , Survanshi Shakti , Kumar Neeraj , Tyagi Krishan , Menon Jagadeesh , Singh Prabhat , Lal Deepak
Published: January 2025

Soil erosion significantly impacts environmental sustainability, agriculture, and water quality. This study examines soil erosion in the Kalyani River within the Nindoora and Fatehpur blocks of Barabanki District, Uttar Pradesh, India, where seasonal fluctuations and steep banks exacerbate the issue. The region experiences severe soil degradation due to uncontrolled land use, deforestation, over-cultivation, overgrazing, and biomass exploitation driven by population growth. To address this, GIS and Remote Sensing technologies were utilized, employing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to identify erosion-prone areas. The RUSLE model involves calculating parameters such as the runoff-rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), topographic factor (LS), cropping management factor (C), and support practice factor (P). Layer-wise thematic maps of each factor were generated using a GIS platform, incorporating various data sources and preparation methods. The study's results indicate that value of K factor is found to be 0.025 indicates that the soil is relatively resistant to erosion. Higher LS factor values are scattered across the area, especially near the Kalyani River. The southeastern regions show higher C factor values, indicating less effective soil cover and management against erosion. It has also been estimated that 90% of the Kalyani River watershed faces low soil erosion risk (0–10 ton/ha/yr), while 0.20% primarily near riverbanks experiences high to very high erosion risk (10–40 ton/ha/yr). Sandy and sandy loam soils near riverbanks, exacerbated by seasonal water level fluctuations and steep slopes, are highly prone to erosion. The RUSLE-based GIS approach allowed for the precise identification of erosion hotspots, facilitating the development of targeted soil conservation strategies to mitigate soil degradation and promote sustainable land management.
Developing an E-student Worksheet Using Phenomenon-based Learning for Reaction Rate Material on Wizer.me for Class XI High School/MA
Authors: Holiwarni Betty , Haryati Sri , Ningtyas Sophia Agusti
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to develop an E-Student Worksheet based on Phenomenon-Based Learning on Reaction Rate Material Using the Wizer.me website for Class XI Highschool/MA. The development of this E-Student worksheet was carried out because teachers have not used digital learning media and used the Phenomenon-based Learning model in their learning, especially in reaction rate materials. The Phenomenon-Based Learning approach is particularly significant for reaction rate materials because it can increase student engagement because learning is centered on real phenomena that are relevant to their lives. This development research uses the 4-D model, which consists of define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, this study was limited to the development stage. Data was collected through questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively, and qualitatively, guided by ideal evaluation criteria to determine the quality of the E-student worksheet. The research results show that the E-Student Worksheet that has been developed were declared valid in material validation in terms of content eligibility, characteristics of Phenomenon-Based Learning, language, presentation and graphics were 97.5%, 100%, 95%, 100% and 100% respectively. The results of media validation in terms of E-Student Worksheet display and software usage are 100% and 100%. The results of the user response test obtained a percentage score of 92.41% by chemistry teachers with very good criteria and 89.51% by students with very good criteria, which indicates that this E-student worksheet is valid and suitable for use as an alternative teaching material in the learning process, and it is hoped that this research can be continued in the next stage.
Vermicomposting and Its Role in Soil Health: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Koushal Sanjay , Arya Devesh , Kadam Gajanan Laxmanrao , Parmar Arvind , Chauhan Neha , Haloi Dipankar , R Kishan Kumar , Rahman Tanvi
Published: January 2025

Vermicomposting, the process of using earthworms to convert organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its numerous environmental benefits, particularly in improving soil health. This review paper explores the concept of vermicomposting, its mechanisms, advantages, and applications in enhancing soil fertility, structure, and biodiversity. We also examine the impact of vermicompost on crop growth and the potential role of vermiculture in sustainable agriculture. By synthesizing current research, this paper provides a thorough overview of the potential of vermicomposting in promoting soil health and addressing the challenges of modern farming practices.
Fresh Vegetables as a Source of Multidrug Resistant Pathogens
Authors: Tafesh Rasha Imad , Elmanama Abdelraouf Ali
Published: January 2025

Background: Global increase of fresh vegetables consumption as a healthy food, often eaten raw, raises concerns about foodborne illnesses and the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens due to contamination through various sources.
Objective: To determine the microbial quality of common vegetables in the Gaza Strip and the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria recovered from vegetables samples.
Methods: One-hundred and fifty vegetable samples consisting of ten types (10 samples of Cabbage, 20 Red cabbage, 20 Cucumber, 20 Tomato, 10 Parsley, 20 Eruca, 10 Green mint, 10 Lettuce, 20 Radish, and 10 Green onion) were collected from local farms and markets. Standard microbiological techniques were used to quantify (total viable count, coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas and Enterococcus) and identify bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (disk diffusion and microbroth dilution) was performed in accordance to clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI document).
Results: Most samples (98%) were positive for coliforms, followed by Pseudomonas (94%), Staphylococcus aureus (89.3%), and Enterococcus (81.3%). High levels of antibiotic resistance were observed across various bacterial species. Enterobacteriaceae showed the highest resistance to ceftriaxone (76.2%) and the lowest resistance to amikacin (8.2%). Staphylococcus aureus had the highest resistance to penicillin (92.6%) and the lowest resistance to clarithromycin/levofloxacin (22.8%). Enterococcus spp. displayed the highest resistance to penicillin (94.4%) and the lowest resistance to norfloxacin (21.6%). Finally, Pseudomonas exhibited the highest resistance to ertem (70.9%) and the lowest resistance to amikacin (25.4%).
Conclusion: Microbial contamination and antimicrobial resistance in vegetables pose a significant public health threat in the Gaza Strip. Improved agricultural practices, enhanced food safety, responsible antimicrobials use, and continuous monitoring are crucial to mitigate these risks.
Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: McPheeters Melissa , O’Connor Elizabeth A. , Riley Sean , Kennedy Sara M. , Voisin Christiane , Kuznacic Kaitlin , Coffey Cory P. , Edlund Mark D. , Bobashev Georgiy , Jonas Daniel E.
Published: November 2023

Importance

Alcohol use disorder affects more than 28.3 million people in the United States and is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality.

Objective

To compare efficacy and comparative efficacy of therapies for alcohol use disorder.

Data Sources

PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Cochrane Central Trials Registry, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE were searched from November 2012 to September 9, 2022 Literature was subsequently systematically monitored to identify relevant articles up to August 14, 2023, and the PubMed search was updated on August 14, 2023.

Study Selection

For efficacy outcomes, randomized clinical trials of at least 12 weeks’ duration were included. For adverse effects, randomized clinical trials and prospective cohort studies that compared drug therapies and reported health outcomes or harms were included.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two reviewers evaluated each study, assessed risk of bias, and graded strength of evidence. Meta-analyses used random-effects models. Numbers needed to treat were calculated for medications with at least moderate strength of evidence for benefit.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was alcohol consumption. Secondary outcomes were motor vehicle crashes, injuries, quality of life, function, mortality, and harms.

Results

Data from 118 clinical trials and 20 976 participants were included. The numbers needed to treat to prevent 1 person from returning to any drinking were 11 (95% CI, 1-32) for acamprosate and 18 (95% CI, 4-32) for oral naltrexone at a dose of 50 mg/d. Compared with placebo, oral naltrexone (50 mg/d) was associated with lower rates of return to heavy drinking, with a number needed to treat of 11 (95% CI, 5-41). Injectable naltrexone was associated with fewer drinking days over the 30-day treatment period (weighted mean difference, −4.99 days; 95% CI, −9.49 to −0.49 days) Adverse effects included higher gastrointestinal distress for acamprosate (diarrhea: risk ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.27-1.97) and naltrexone (nausea: risk ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.51-1.98; vomiting: risk ratio, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.23-1.91) compared with placebo.

Conclusions and Relevance

In conjunction with psychosocial interventions, these findings support the use of oral naltrexone at 50 mg/d and acamprosate as first-line pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorder.
Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Pbert Lori , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon , Wong John B.
Published: November 2023

Importance

Oral health is fundamental to health and well-being across the life span. Dental caries (cavities) and periodontal disease (gum disease) are common and often untreated oral health conditions that affect eating, speaking, learning, smiling, and employment potential. Untreated oral health conditions can lead to tooth loss, irreversible tooth damage, and other serious adverse health outcomes.

Objective

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate screening and preventive interventions for oral health conditions in adults.

Population

Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries or periodontal disease) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic adults. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries or periodontal disease) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic adults.

Recommendations

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries or periodontal-related disease, in adults. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries or periodontal-related disease, in adults. (I statement)
Unlocking the Charge‐Migration Mechanism in S‐Scheme Junction for Photoreduction of Diluted CO2 with High Selectivity
Authors: Wang Kai , Cheng Qiang , Hou Weidong , Guo Huazhang , Wu Xinhe , Wang Juan , Li Jinmao , Liu Zheng , Wang Liang
Published: November 2023

The rational design of an S‐scheme heterojunctions in hybrid semiconductors to realize separated charge carriers and sufficient redox ability is considered as an attractive way to achieve high photocatalytic activity in diluted CO2 reduction (DCR). An S‐scheme heterojunction formed in the fibrous Ta2O5/Ag2S nanostructures is proposed for improving the photocatalytic performance in DCR under simulated solar irradiation. Benchmark CH4 production rates of 132.3 µmol g−1 are obtained with 93.1% selectivity over optimal catalyst ASTO‐2. The remarkable activity in photocatalytic DCR of Ta2O5/Ag2S is attributed to the unique 0D/1D structure and effective charge separation by the photoinduced strong internal electric field and S‐scheme mechanism. The measurements of in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance further confirm the photoinduced carrier transfer pathways following the S‐scheme mechanism. This research can provide a new strategy for designing the S‐scheme heterojunctions to improve the photocatalytic performance of diluted CO2 conversion.
Oxygen‐Free Polycationic Photosensitizers for Treatment of Periodontal Inflammation
Authors: Qian Yuping , Sun Yujie , Zhang Ludan , Zhu Yiwen , Li Ningyu , Dong Fan , Xu Chen , An Na , Chen Hu , Sun Yuchun , Yu Bingran , Wang Yuguang , Xu Fu‐Jian
Published: November 2023

Periodontal tissue infection is a chronic destructive inflammatory disease caused by bacteria including anaerobes and facultative anaerobes. Traditional mechanical debridement and antibiotic treatments are not effective at removing biofilm from the root surface, resulting in recurrent disease. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising bactericidal method, but it is limited by oxygen content. Here, an oxygen‐free cationic polymer (HQRB‐SS‐Dex) containing the photosensitizer rose bengal (RB) and dextran is proposed. It releases both 1O2 and HO•, and it exhibits strong antibacterial efficiency against periodontal pathogenic bacteria under irradiation. The positively charged quaternary ammonium polymer and dextran of HQRB‐SS‐Dex facilitate adherence to the bacterial surface and penetration of the bacterial biofilm to permit efficient use of reactive oxygen species. Disulfide bonds make the complex biodegradable, which improves biosafety. This work presents a unique branched cationic polymer for oxygen‐free aPDT, with potential application to the treatment of periodontal infection.
Mnemonic Rutile–Rutile Interfaces Triggering Spontaneous Dissociation of Water
Authors: Ribić Vesna , Jordan Vanja , Drev Sandra , Kovač Janez , Dražić Goran , Rečnik Aleksander
Published: November 2023

Water interaction with mineral surfaces is a complex living system decisive for any photocatalytic process. Resolving the atomistic structure of mineral–water interfaces is thus crucial for understanding these processes. Fibrous rutile TiO2, grown hydrothermally on twinned rutile seeds under acidic conditions, is studied in terms of interface translation, atomic structure, and surface chemistry in the presence of water, by means of advanced microscopy and spectroscopy methods combined with structure modeling and density functional theory calculations. It is shown that fibers while staying in stable separation during their growth, adopt a special crystallographic registry that is controlled by repulsion forces between fully hydroxylated and protonated (110) surfaces. During relaxation, a turbulent proton transfer and cracking of O─H bonds is observed, generating a strong acidic character via proton jump from bridge ─OHb to terminal ─OHt groups, and spontaneous dissociation of interfacial water via a transient protonation of the ─OHt groups. It is shown, that this specific interface structure can be implemented to induce acidic response in an initially neutral medium when re‐immersed. This is thought to be the first demonstration of quantum‐confined mineral–water interface, capable of memorizing its past and conveying its structurally encoded properties into a new environment.
Achieving Reliable and Ultrafast Memristors via Artificial Filaments in Silk Fibroin
Authors: Li Zishun , Wang Jiaqi , Xu Lanxin , Wang Li , Shang Hongpeng , Ying Haoting , Zhao Yingjie , Wen Liaoyong , Guo Chengchen , Zheng Xiaorui
Published: November 2023

The practical implementation of memristors in neuromorphic computing and biomimetic sensing suffers from unexpected temporal and spatial variations due to the stochastic formation and rupture of conductive filaments (CFs). Here, the biocompatible silk fibroin (SF) is patterned with an on‐demand nanocone array by using thermal scanning probe lithography (t‐SPL) to guide and confine the growth of CFs in the silver/SF/gold (Ag/SF/Au) memristor. Benefiting from the high fabrication controllability, cycle‐to‐cycle (temporal) standard deviation of the set voltage for the structured memristor is significantly reduced by ≈95.5% (from 1.535 to 0.0686 V) and the device‐to‐device (spatial) standard deviation is also reduced to 0.0648 V. Besides, the statistical relationship between the structural nanocone design and the resultant performance is confirmed, optimizing at the small operation voltage (≈0.5 V) and current (100 nA), ultrafast switching speed (sub‐100 ns), large on/off ratio (104), and the smallest switching slope (SS < 0.01 mV dec−1). Finally, the short‐term plasticity and leaky integrated‐and‐fire behavior are emulated, and a reliable thermal nociceptor system is demonstrated for practical neuromorphic applications.
Nanozyme‐Coated Bacteria Hitchhike on CD11b+ Immune Cells to Boost Tumor Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Li Hanghang , Pei Pei , He Qing , Dong Xuexue , Zhang Chonghai , Shen Wenhao , Chen Hua , Hu Lin , Tao Yugui , Yang Kai
Published: November 2023

Bacterial‐based delivery strategies have recently emerged as a unique research direction in the field of drug delivery. However, bacterial vectors are quickly phagocytosed by immune cells after entering the bloodstream. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, herein, this work seeks to harness the potential of immune cells to delivery micron‐sized bacterial vectors, and find that inactivated bacterial can accumulate at tumor‐site after intravenous injection through CD11b+ cells hitchhiking. To this end, this work then designs a gold‐platinum bimetallic nanozyme coated bacterial vector (Au‐Pt@VNP20009, APV). Utilizing strong tumor inflammatory response induced by low dose X‐rays, this work further heightens the ability of CD11b+ immune cells to assist APV hitchhiking for tumor‐targeted delivery, which can significantly relieve tumor hypoxia and immunosuppression, and inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. This work elucidates the potential mechanisms of bacterial vector targeted delivery, opening up new horizons for bacterial vector delivery strategies and clinical tumor radioimmunotherapy.
A Signal‐To‐Noise‐Ratio‐Based Automated Algorithm to accelerate Kinetic Monte Carlo Convergence in Basic Polymerizations
Authors: Trigilio Alessandro D. , Marien Yoshi W. , De Smit Kyann , Van Steenberge Paul H.M. , D'hooge Dagmar R.
Published: November 2023

Kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) modelling is ubiquitous to simulate the time evolution of (bio)chemical processes, specifically if populations are involved. A recurring task is the selection of the smallest control volume that leads to convergence, which means that the model outputs are accurate and sufficiently free from stochastic noise and do not significantly change upon further increasing this volume. Selecting a too high (safe) control volume leads to an excessive simulation time, while many small incremental control volume increases are inefficient. This work therefore presents an automated tool to determine the smallest control volume leading to convergence. The tool is illustrated for (intrinsic) free radical and nitroxide mediated polymerization (FRP/NMP), in which the chain length distribution (CLD) is a crucial output. The algorithm starts with a very low volume to then check if the desired (monomer) conversion can be reached, the number average chain length is accurate, and finally the signal‐to‐noise (SNR) ratio at the CLD level is below a threshold. The execution time of the algorithm is less than twice the time of running the converged simulation directly, hence, saving tremendous time in setting up a kMC simulation and facilitating benchmark studies even beyond polymer reaction engineering applications.
Conduction Mechanism Switching from Coulomb Blockade to Classical Critical Percolation Behavior in Disordered Nanoparticle Array
Authors: Prasad Abhijeet , Lim Jay Min , Saraf Ravi F
Published: November 2023

Large, open‐gate transistors made from metal nanoparticle arrays offer possibilities to build new electronic devices, such as sensors. A nanoparticle necklace network (N3) of Au particles from 300 K to cryogenic temperatures exhibit a nonohmic I–Vd behavior, I ≈ (Vd–VT)ζ, where VT is a conduction gap and ζ is a constant critical exponent. The conduction gap in N3, made from disordered networks of 1D chains of 10 nm diameter Au particles exhibits room temperature (RT) gating. Although the I–Vd behavior at RT is identical to Coulomb blockade, the conduction is modulated by field‐assisted tunneling exhibiting classical critical behavior. In this study, based on three results, invariance of VT on gating, invariance of VT on temperature, and zero–bias conductance, a sharp transition temperature at ≈140 K is discovered where the conduction mechanism switches from Coulomb blockade to classical critical percolation behavior. The N3 architecture allows the reconciliation of the Coulomb blockade versus activation process as a sharp thermal transition to serve as a model system to study the exotic behavior in nanogranular‐metallic materials. The novel global critical behavior to local Coulomb blockade governed transition in these N3 architectures may potentially lead to novel sensors and biosensors.
Evaluation of land preparation methods for soil stabilization, revegetation, and renewed productivity in semi‐arid climates
Authors: Lardy Jarrett , DeSutter Tom , Meehan Miranda , Daigh Aaron , Staricka James , Derby Nathan
Published: November 2023

In the Williston Basin, land‐preparation treatments have not been compared in side‐by‐side trials to evaluate performance for parameters such as runoff, erosion, and vegetation establishment. Thus, four treatments of wheat‐straw crimping, land imprinting, wood‐fiber hydromulch, and the combination of land imprinting and hydromulch were evaluated against a bare soil control in a replicated and randomized completed block field experiment near Williston, ND. Rainfall simulations were performed in September 2020 and June 2021 to examine the effectiveness of the treatments to reduce runoff and sediment losses. Vegetation establishment was also evaluated in August 2021. The wheat straw treatment reduced the equivalent depth of runoff by 60% as compared to the bare soil control in 2021. By 2021, the imprinted area had largely become similar in roughness as the control plots and thus sediment losses were not different between these treatments. However, relic effects of the straw and hydromulch treatments reduced sediment loss by 50% or more. Vegetation establishment was not significantly different among treatments and the bare soil control using broadcast seeding, which may have been due to drought conditions causing low establishment in all plots. All the land‐preparation practices evaluated in this study may have limitations in assisting plant establishment during severe or persistent droughts.