bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atitudes frente ao comportamento suicida: o efeito de uma intervenção educativa em docentes universitários
Authors: Santos Hugo Gedeon Barros dos , Nespoli Alice Milani , Marcon Samira Reschetti , Espinosa Mariano Martínez , Faria Jesiele Spindler
Published: August 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa nas atitudes de docentes universitários frente ao comportamento suicida. Métodos: Estudo experimental, que realizou uma intervenção educativa com 100 docentes universitários, divididos em dois grupos, controle e intervenção, desenvolvido em três momentos, a pré-avaliação, intervenção e pós avaliação, utilizando a Escala Eskin de Atitudes em Relação ao Suicídio (E-ATSS). As comparações pré e pós-intervenção no mesmo grupo foram realizadas a partir do Teste t pareado para amostras dependentes e Teste de Postos com Sinais de Wilcoxon, e para comparações entre os grupos utilizou-se o Teste t pareado para amostras independentes e Teste U-Mann Whitney, nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0,05. Resultados: Observou-se mudança de atitude dos docentes nos dois domínios da escala suicídio como doença mental (p< 0,001) e punição após a morte (p< 0,001) cujas atitudes eram negativas na fase pré-avaliação. Para o grupo controle não foram evidenciadas modificações. Conclusão: A intervenção educativa promoveu mudanças positivas de atitudes, com significativa alteração avaliada ao final da intervenção nos domínios: suicídio como doença mental e punição após a morte.
Approaches of the systematization of nursing care, complexity and ontology in the professional practice of nurses
Authors: Toniolo Rucieli Maria Moreira , Peres Aida Maris , Montezeli Juliana Helena
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the approaches of the Systematization of Nursing Care, ontology and complex thinking in professional nursing practice. Method: A reflective theoretical study grounded on the Complexity Theory of Edgar Morin and on the ontological principles of computational application which enables representing nursing concepts. Results: The paradigm of complexity breaks the linearity and expands the meaning of Systematization of Nursing Care, supporting a conceptualization of new entities and objectives, moving away from reductionism in work practice. Ontology is considered as a potential technology for creating a standardized language capable of representing the Systematization of Nursing Care from the perspective of complex thinking. Conclusion: Ontology furthers the formal representation of Systematization of Nursing Care knowledge, creating strength in its identity, organization, and sharing its knowledge and information. Supporting the dissemination of common nursing vocabulary contributes to nurses’ daily experience and decisions.
Experimental double hybrids of fresh corn grown under low and high phosphorus availability
Authors: Damaso Leandro Ferreira , Resende Cecília Leão Pereira , Carvalho Daniel Diego Costa , Silva Fernanda de Cássia , Rodrigues Fabrício
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT A serious problem in fresh corn growing regions is the low availability of phosphorus (P), especially in the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) biome. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of experimental double hybrids of fresh corn intended to in natura consumption grown under low and high P availability. A randomized blocks experimental design was used, in a 2 × 21 factorial arrangement, consisting of two P availabilities (37.5 and 75 mg dm−3 of P2O5) and 21 corn hybrids, with 9 replications. The following variables were evaluated: ear insertion height, plant height, male and female flowering, ear length and diameter, grain weight, husked and unhusked ear weight. The best quality and yield for the corn market focused on in natura consumption were observed for the experimental double hybrids DH94 and DH102 under low P availability and for DH71 and DH81 under high P availability. The DH81 hybrid performs better for the consumer market, regardless of the P availability, and, therefore, has versatility and aptitude for this market and for different technological levels.
MÚLTIPLAS LENTES DE ESTUDO E ABORDAGEM DA LIDERANÇA
Authors: Souza Renato , Wood Jr Thomaz
Published: August 2022

RESUMO Este artigo discute as múltiplas formas de estudo da liderança, com um interesse particular nos recentes estudos empíricos e teóricos da produção científica brasileira. O artigo revisa o que denominamos as três principais lentes de estudo da liderança (i.e., liderança individual, followership, liderança coletiva), e a tipologia utilizada no artigo resume a visão essencial de cada lente, bem como a sua evolução histórica. Essa discussão sobre as três lentes é utilizada para analisar a literatura científica sobre liderança em periódicos científicos brasileiros no período entre 2016 e 2021. A revisão sistemática de literatura de 32 artigos aponta para uma ênfase na primeira lente, isto é, o foco em líderes individuais, em posições formais de autoridade e para a ideia de que liderança é mais uma atividade hierárquica e vertical do que um fenômeno coletivo. O artigo conclui sinalizando as oportunidades para estudos empíricos em abordagens mais contemporâneas sobre liderança coletiva em organizações brasileiras.
Pedotransfer functions for predicting soil-water retention under Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Rosseti Rafael de Andrade Carvalho , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva , Raimo Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di , Torres Gilmar Nunes , Silva Lucas de Castro Moreira da , Alves Ianna Marília
Published: August 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine pedotransfer functions to predict water retention at the -33 and -1500 kPa matric potentials of soils under Cerrado, in the south of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Samples (n=156) were collected for model calibration (n=124) and validation (n=32). A stepwise multiple regression was used to determine pedotransfer functions. Willmott’s index of agreement, root-mean-square error, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the confidence index were used to evaluate the performance of the functions and to compare them with those described in the literature. The most efficient variables to estimate water retention were: microporosity, total sand, and clay at -33 kPa; and total sand, silt and clay at -1500 kPa. The regional pedotransfer functions explained more than 94% of water retention variance in the studied soils. The reliability of the functions to predict water retention increased, at -33 kPa, with the use of the structural property microporosity and, at -1500 kPa, with the use of granulometric parameters. The studied regional pedotransfer functions predict water retention at the -33 and -1500 kPa matric potentials of soils under Cerrado, in southern Mato Grosso, better than the functions described in the literature.
Effects of reinforcing granular columns with fibres generated from plastic bottle waste
Authors: Sobhee-Beetul Laxmee , Kalumba Denis
Published: August 2022

Ordinary and reinforced granular columns were both tested in a laboratory to study the effect of internal reinforcement using plastic fibres that were generated through the recycling of post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate bottles. A series of vertical compression tests was undertaken to understand the impact of varying the moisture content of the silt bed and the fibre concentration. The prepared samples were vertically loaded up to a maximum compression of 50 mm, and the load–vertical deformation characteristics were electronically recorded. Post-testing, the deformation behaviour of the column was physically modelled using a paste of plaster of Paris to obtain the maximum bulging diameter. In general, reinforcing the granular columns enhanced the load-carrying capacity, although the degree of improvement was dependent on the testing conditions. For experiments conducted on the softer silt beds, an increase in fibre content resulted in higher loading strengths. The largest enhancement was recorded in the test with wetter silt and with a fibre concentration of 0.1%. This was equivalent to 3.5 times that which was recorded when an ordinary granular column was installed. In terms of lateral deformation, the smallest bulge was obtained in the test with the wetter silt and a fibre content of 0.025%.
Semi-automated machines for manufacturing construction materials from plastic waste
Authors: Mohan H. T. , Vishnu R. S. , Gautham G. , Jagadish G. , Shambunni K. , Shyamlal S. , Jayanarayanan K. , Mini K. M.
Published: August 2022

Plastic waste management is a challenging task worldwide and researchers are exploring the feasibility of using plastic waste in the construction sector. This paper reports on the design and construction of a semi-automated machine that converts low-density polyethylene plastic waste into construction materials such as blocks, tiles and partition panels. The performance of the machine during loading and manufacturing interlocking blocks is also discussed. The samples obtained had a compressive strength of 10 MPa corresponding to 20% strain, which is higher than that of the conventionally used construction materials.
«STATE MANAGEMENT» AND «PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION»: CONFLICTS OF CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES
Authors:   Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov, Solovyev А. I.
Published: August 2022

The growth of various versions of the reform of the public administration system, focusing on the monopolistic powers of the centers of supreme power, poorly reflect the positioning and activity of local centers of influence, which reduces the effectiveness of public institutions and does not allow to aggregate the constructive energy of society. The creation of conditions for the institutionalization of the actual influence of local structures on social processes involves a transition from the model of "public administration" to a broad political and managerial structure - "state management", which allows interpreting the entire palette of relations between the ruling/subordinate and the governing/governed within the framework of the national state. Various possibilities of modern polities in the institutionalization of this political and administrative architecture show the flaws in the democratic configuration of relations between the state and society existing in these countries, as well as the possibilities of preventing the risks of political destabilization.
Washing Protocol for Intact Proteoform MALDI on Human Kidney v1
Authors: J. Zemaitis Kevin
Published: August 2022

Scope: A detailed protocol entailing the sample washing protocols developed for human kidney, this includes several timed washing steps for fixing the tissue, removing small molecule interferents, and desalting the tissue surface optimized for use with a Spectroglyph EP-MALDI-2 source mounted on a custom Thermo Scientific UHMR Q Exactive HF Orbitrap. Expected Outcomes: Human kidney slides ready for pre-extraction and/or matrix application.
Pre-Extraction and Matrix Application via a HTX M5 Sprayer for Intact Proteoform MALDI Imaging v1
Authors: J. Zemaitis Kevin
Published: August 2022

Scope: Using an HTX M5 sprayer this protocol outlines a pre-extraction step for increased sensitivity for intact proteoform analyses, this is an optional step within the MALDI-MSI pipeline for intact proteoform mapping using a Spectroglyph EP-MALDI-2 source coupled to a custom UHMR HF Orbitrap. This is followed by the coating and optional recrystallization of MALDI matrix on the sample, all steps have been completed on both human kidney and human pancreas. Other tissue types should go through validation. Expected Outcomes: A tissue section prepared for intact proteoform analyses.
Development of a Method for Generating Images of Road Signs for Training Neural Network Models to Recognize Images in Video Streams
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russian Federation, Pchelintsev S. Y. , Kovaleva O. A. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russian Federation,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The paper describes a mechanism for generating images containing road signs for training neural networks in pattern recognition. Faster R- CNN convolutional network was used as a neural network model. The proposed image generation method takes into account the specifics of the subject area and simulates possible distortions that make recognition difficult. During the experiments, an increase in recognition efficiency was observed as a result of adding generated images to the training set. Since generating one image requires significantly less resources than obtaining a real image, especially when achieving the scaling effect, the number of synthetic images during the experiment exceeded the number of real images used by orders of magnitude.
Communicating COVID-19 on Twitter at supranational and national levels: The European Union and Portugal with “the ball in their court”
Authors: Belim Célia
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on COVID-19 communication on Twitter at supranational and national levels, namely by the president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, and the Portuguese prime minister, António Costa. A mixed method approach, based on content, discourse, and rhetorical analysis, was employed. The results show that von der Leyen’ tweets focused mainly on measures to combat COVID-19 while Costa’s tweets focused mainly on responsibility. In both cases, economic support and recovery was the second most frequently mentioned theme, while frames relating to solutions, causal relations, moral judgments, and problems were also emphasized. Von der Leyen tended to highlight the importance of vaccination while Costa tended to highlight scientific expertise. Ethos was employed by the two leaders mainly through references to responsibility/fulfilment of duty. Pathos was employed to inspire mainly both positive emotional responses, such as impulse to action, feelings of support, desire for unity, and confidence/optimism/calm, and negative emotional responses, such as anxiety/apprehension/concern and disappointment. Logos was employed mainly through reference to numbers and science, use of stylistic devices, and exemplification.
PUBLIC INTEREST WITHIN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: INITIAL POSITIONS OF DOCTRINAL UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION (ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND KAZAKHSTAN)
Authors:   Law School of M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Melnyk Roman
Published: August 2022

Purpose. The article’s purpose is an attempt to analyse the category of “public interest” in terms of doctrinal understanding and practical application in the sphere of public administration. Methods. The research methodology consists of various methods of scientific cognition, including comparative and legal, systematic and structural, analysis, synthesis and others that make it possible to systematically and consistently to solve scientific problems, to study and compare the points of view of scholars, provisions of legal acts of the corresponding countries, caselaw and to formulate the author’s conclusions. Results. The author of the article considers the public interest through the historical prism and concludes that this category was used as a “convenient screen” in Soviet times in order to restrict the rights of individuals, which does not allow us to refer to previously obtained scientific results to substantiate current tendencies in this field. Considerable attention of the work is focused on searching the universal definition of the category of “public interest”. The author criticizes the existing approaches to this issue, especially emphasizing that the quantitative indicators of the bearers of a particular interest cannot be a sufficient ground for classifying any of them as the public interest. Among other things the author of the article emphasizes that the system of public interests cannot be constant and unchanging. It is formed under the influence of various factors and therefore, it has to be revised from time to time. However, the state must be concerned about the stability of public interests and prevent their unjustified narrowing and / or expansion. The author also pays attention to the issue of alternative points of view on the scope of public interests within modern countries, while appealing to the authors of the libertarian concept of the state. This concept, in his view, is to some extent used by judicial authorities, who decide cases of competition between human rights and the public interest that confirms its viability. The author of the paper also emphasizes that the public interest is a constitutional value that allows it to compete with other constitutional values (for example, fundamental human rights and freedoms) and to have priority over values that are enshrined in laws and by-laws. Conclusions. An important aspect of the paper is to formulate the conditions, when restrictions on human rights and freedoms are allowed, with the reference to the need to ensure the public interest, which, in the author’s opinion, is the “secondary” value in a modern democratic and rule of law country.
The link of smoke and solar activity with human neoplasms
Authors: Pinaev Sergey K. , Chizhov Alexey Ya. , Pinaeva Olga G.
Published: August 2022

A review of the literature on the link of various types of smoke and solar activity with human neoplasms is presented. The significance of benign and malignant neoplasms in young children aged 04 years as an indicator of carcinogenic effects on the population is shown. Information about the oncogenic potential of all types of smoke, including exhaust gases, tobacco smoke and smoke from forest fires is provided. The special danger of vehicle exhaust gases is indicated in connection with the content of benzene, which is a proven human carcinogen. There is extensive evidence linking various types of smoke with the development of leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, multiple myeloma, retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, hemangiomas, and tumors of the central nervous system. Data on the connection between solar activity, in particular ultraviolet radiation, and the risk of leukemia, lymphomas as well as such neoplasms in young children aged 04 years as nephroblastoma, hemangioma, benign tumors and soft tissue sarcomas are highlighted. The possible role of geomagnetic field fluctuations in the genesis of hemoblastoses in children and adults is considered. The importance of ecologically determined oxidative stress in the realization of the oncogenic potential of environmental factors is shown. Possible measures for the prevention of neoplasms by reducing the intensity of human exposure to environmental factors, as well as methods for stopping oxidative stress, are considered. Recommendations on increasing the effectiveness of antioxidant protection by stimulating autophagy through the introducing various plant components, alkylcatechols into the diet, and correcting immunodeficiency with transfer factor are given.
Functional state of the obturator apparatus of the rectum after surgical treatment of grade 4 ­hemorrhoids with an ultrasonic scalpel
Authors: Fomenko Oksana Yu. , Frolov Sergey A. , Kashnikov Vladimir N. , Kuzminov Aleksandr M. , Kozlov Vladimir A. , Belousova Svetlana V. , Mukhin Ivan A. , Nekrasov Maksim A.
Published: August 2022

Background. Despite the improvement of surgical techniques for the treatment of chronic hemorrhoids, the problem of incontinence of the components of the intestinal contents in the postoperative period remains relevant.
Aim. Evaluation of the functional state of the rectal obturator in patients with grade 4 hemorrhoids before and after surgical treatment with an ultrasonic scalpel.
Material and methods. At the National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology named after A.N. Ryzhikh of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 500 patients with grade 4 hemorrhoids operated on with an ultrasonic scalpel for the period 20152017 were examined using anorectal manometry (profilometry). The mean age of the patients was 49.212.4 years (from 22 to 65 years). At the same time, initially, 11/500 (2.2%) patients even before the operation had periodic complaints of gas incontinence (grade I anal sphincter insufficiency; 2.51.3 points on the Wexner scale). For statistical processing, the Student's t-test or the nonparametric single-sample Wilcoxon criterion were used.
Results. On average, manometric indicators for the group before surgery were within the physiological norms. In 11 patients with complaints of incontinence, the pressure in the anal canal was initially reduced both at rest and during volitional contraction. At the same time, among the rest of the patients without any complaints of incontinence, 55/489 (11.2%) cases of subclinical (without manifestations) form of anal incontinence were identified only by a decrease in the manometric indicators of the sphincter rest tone, which made it possible to refer these patients to the group risk for the development of postoperative anal incontinence. After surgery, clinical complaints of gas incontinence appeared in 14/55 (25.5%) patients with subclinical anal sphincter insufficiency. In total, by the 45th day, anal incontinence according to complaints and the results of an objective study was registered in 25/500 (5.0%) patients.
Conclusion. Clinical and instrumental signs of anal sphincter insufficiency after surgical treatment of stage 4 hemorrhoids with an ultrasonic scalpel were registered in 5.0% of cases, while in 2.2% they were at baseline (in patients with a decrease in intraanal pressure and complaints), and in 2,8% appeared after surgery (in patients with subclinical anal incontinence).
Impact of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on Organizational Performance: A Study from the Perspective of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Mostafijur , Hussain Md. Tuhin , Moon Shahnaz Parvin , Tisha Monika Mehjabeen , Lima Mumtahina Tahsin
Published: August 2022

Customer relationship management is recognizing, attracting, obtaining, maintaining, and keeping profitable and faithful customers as the success of a business highly depends on them. The current study’s purpose is to measure the impact of customer relationship management on organizational performance. The study used Yamane’s (1967) formula to calculate the sample, and it has got 90 sample sizes and used semi-structured questionnaires containing pre-coded and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentages, and means have been performed. Besides, inferential statistics like correlation and regression analysis have been used to determine the relationship. The result showed that customer relationship management significantly and positively impacts organizational performance. The study will help the policy maker of any organization to rethink and give much more emphasis to customer relationship management.
Transformation of innovation commercialization processes
Authors: Tyukavkin Nikolay M. , Anisimova Valeriya Yu.
Published: August 2022

Modern science is little represented by research in the field of commercialization of innovations. Themain approaches to commercialization proposed by various authors are limited to the analysis of thecommercialization of innovations when they are introduced into their own enterprise, partial or complete transfer of rights to innovative products to third-party buyers. In this study, the authors clarified the concept of commercialization, presented traditional approaches to its implementation, and noted shortcomings in existing studies. The traditional forms of its implementation are shown, as well as methods of organizing thecommercialization of innovations are presented. The essential shortcomings of the presented studies are revealed, which consist in the fact that unclaimed products can be presented to the market, which means the failure of innovative developments. This provision reflects the fact of low innovation activity of domestic innovation activity. The authors, based on the clarification of the concept of commercialization of innovations, propose a transformational approach to its organization based on the formation of a consumer of innovations who is interested in using innovations. The paper proposes to divide the process of commercialization of innovations into stages that represent the achievement of certain results of innovative activity and reflect the results of commercialization, on the basis of which it is possible to assume the success or unacceptability of innovative developments. The article proposes transformational directions of commercialization of innovations that increase the level of its application.
Comparative analysis of material damage from the occurrence of risky events at industrial enterprises and costs on preventive measures (on the example of the regions of the Volga Federal District)
Authors: Klyovina Mariya V.
Published: August 2022

The article examines the indicators of material damage from the occurrence of man-made emergencies at industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation, indicators of the costs of preventive measures in the Russian Federation. The forecast of a time series with an oscillatory component of material damage from the occurrence of man-made emergencies at industrial enterprises has been carried out. The probability of occurrence of a risk event at the enterprise is calculated based on data on the number of man-made emergencies and the number of enterprises in the region. To assess the impact of the values of indicators of material damage from the occurrence of man-made emergencies at industrial enterprises, as well as indicators of the costs of preventive measures for each subject of the Volga Federal District on the size of this indicator throughout the Federal District, a regression analysis was carried out. Based on it, a model has been developed for the PFD of the relationship of material damage from the occurrence of man-made emergencies and the costs of preventive measures. As a result of the analysis of the components included in the model, it was revealed that the indicators of the costs of preventive measures for the occurrence of man-made emergencies in the Volga Federal District are most influenced by the indicators of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan and the Orenburg region. The indicators of the Republics of Mordovia, Tatarstan, as well as the Nizhny Novgorod and Orenburg regions have the greatest impact on the indicator of material damage from the occurrence of man-made emergencies in the Volga Federal District.
Dissecting aortic aneurysm after prosthetics of the bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Vahnenko J. V. , Dorovskih I. E. , Polyakov D. S. , Lyubenkov K. A.
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the problems of bicuspid aortic valve and associated valvulo-aortopathy, including the principles of separate classifications, mechanisms and risk factors of aortic dilatation formation, indications for surgical treatment and type of surgery. A clinical case of the patient with L-R variant of the 1st type of this defect is presented. The valvular pathology she was diagnosed at the age of 24 and aortic valve replacement operation was performed at the age of 34 due to its severe insufficiency. Before the operation, the diameter of the ascending aorta was 4,8 cm, and after 7 years, control echocardiography showed pronounced dilatation of the ascending aorta with signs of dissection. This confirms the opinion about different mechanisms of the formation of this defect and related aortopathy and proves that the latter is caused not only by hemodynamic factors, as it progresses significantly after isolated aortic valve replacement, requiring repeated surgical intervention. An important predictor of aortic diameter growth is pronounced aortic insufficiency at baseline, and the risk factors are hypertension and smoking in past.
Sözceleme Kuramının Fransızca Öğretmen Adaylarının Hizmet Öncesi Eğitimlerine Dâhil Edilmesi: Bir Eylem Araştırması
Authors: ERCANLAR Meltem , GÜLMEZ Gülnihal
Published: August 2022

Dilbilim çalışmalarının dil öğretimi yaklaşımlarına olan etkisi günümüzde de yaygın olarak kabul edilmektedir. Güncel dil öğretim yaklaşımlarından olan iletişimsel yaklaşım ve eylem odaklı yaklaşımın en çok yararlandığı dilbilim kuramlarından biri de sözceleme kuramıdır. Fransızca öğretmeni adaylarını sözceleme kuramının temel kavramlarıyla tanıştırmak, Fransızcanın yapısını ve işleyişini anlamalarını olumlu yönde etkileyeceği gibi ileride bu dili daha etkili biçimde öğretmelerine de katkıda bulunacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu kuramın verilerinin Fransızca öğretmeni adaylarının eğitimine dâhil edilmesi sürecini ayrıntılı bir biçimde betimlemek ve ortaya koymaktır. Eylem araştırması yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada nitel ve nicel veriler bir arada toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulaması 2020-2021 öğretim yılı güz döneminde, xxx Üniversitesi Fransızca Öğretmenliği Programı öğrencileri ile Fransızca Dil Becerilerinin Öğretimi 1 dersinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri video kayıtları, yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme, sözlü ve yazılı anlatım sınavları, ders sonrası değerlendirme formu, araştırmacı günlüğü, öğrenci çalışmaları olmak üzere çeşitli nitel ve nicel veri toplama araçlarıyla toplanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın veri toplama ve analizi aşamalarında tümevarımsal bir yaklaşım benimsenmiş, nicel verilerin analizinde “SPSS Statistics 24” programı, nitel verilerin analizi aşamasında ise “Nvivo 12” programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sözceleme kuramının temel ögelerinin öğretimi için hazırlanan uygulamanın öğretmen adaylarının yazılı anlatım ve sözlü anlatım becerilerine olumlu katkı yaptığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
The role of systemic therapy in borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lo Victor C. K. , Goodwin Rachel A. , Vickers Michael M.
Published: August 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a deadly disease, even in patients whose cancer is localized and non-metastatic. Surgical resection provides the only option for cure, but long-term survival rates remain dismal. For patients with borderline resectable (BR) disease who undergo upfront resection, many patients are either too unwell for subsequent adjuvant systemic therapy, develop recurrence soon after, or are found to have unresectable disease intra-operatively. There is increasing evidence for a neoadjuvant approach, using more conventional multi-agent chemotherapy regimens, which have demonstrated higher activity in the metastatic setting compared to single agents. For patients with locally advanced (LA) disease, which is unresectable by current definitions, there is mounting evidence that effective neoadjuvant systemic therapy is able to convert some patients’ disease to a resectable state, offering the potential for long-term survival and cure. Herein we present a review of key trials focusing on prospective, randomized studies to provide high-level evidence supporting a neoadjuvant approach to both BR and LA PDAC. However, many knowledge gaps exist, such as the optimal neoadjuvant multi-agent chemotherapy regimen, the role of radiotherapy, and the safety and efficacy of adding immunotherapy to chemo/radiation therapy. Future challenges in determining the optimal approach to patients with BR or LA PDAC include not only overcoming the inherent difficulties in conducting complex, multidisciplinary, multicentre randomized trials in patients with a high-morbidity and mortality disease, but also trying to standardize disease definitions, treatment regimens, and outcome measures.
Post-injury Buprenorphine Administration Is Associated With Long-Term Region-Specific Glial Alterations in Rats
Authors: Ryu Jane , Jeizan Pantea , Ahmed Saira , Ehsan Sareena , Jose Jefin , Regan Sean , Gorse Karen , Kelliher Corrina , Lafrenaye Audrey
Published: August 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major leading cause of death and disability. While previous studies regarding focal pathologies following TBI have been done, there is a lack of information concerning the role of analgesics and their influences on injury pathology. Buprenorphine (Bup), an opioid analgesic, is a commonly used analgesic in experimental TBI models. Our previous studies investigated the acute effects of Buprenorphine-sustained release-Lab (Bup-SR-Lab) on diffuse neuronal/glial pathology, neuroinflammation, cell damage, and systemic physiology. The current study investigated the longer-term chronic outcomes of Bup-SR-Lab treatment at 4 weeks following TBI utilizing a central fluid percussion injury (cFPI) model in adult male rats. Histological assessments of physiological changes, neuronal damage, cortical and thalamic cytokine expression, microglial and astrocyte morphological changes, and myelin alterations were done, as we had done in our acute study. In the current study the Whisker Nuisance Task (WNT) was also performed pre- and 4w post-injury to assess changes in somatosensory sensitivity following saline or Bup-SR-Lab treatment. Bup-SR-Lab treatment had no impact on overall physiology or neuronal damage at 4w post-injury regardless of region or injury, nor did it have any significant effects on somatosensory sensitivity. However, greater IL-4 cytokine expression with Bup-SR-Lab treatment was observed compared to saline treated animals. Microglia and astrocytes also demonstrated region-specific morphological alterations associated with Bup-SR-Lab treatment, in which cortical microglia and thalamic astrocytes were particularly vulnerable to Bup-mediated changes. There were discernable injury-specific and region-specific differences regarding myelin integrity and changes in specific myelin basic protein (MBP) isoform expression following Bup-SR-Lab treatment. This study indicates that use of Bup-SR-Lab could impact TBI-induced glial alterations in a region-specific manor 4w following diffuse brain injury.
Structures at Buck Mountain, Nevada: Establishing the Southeastern Extent of Mid-Pennsylvanian Tectonism
Authors: Whitmore Ross J. , Cashman Patricia H. , Sturmer Daniel M.
Published: August 2022

This paper reports the structural and stratigraphic history of Buck Mountain, Nevada, and its regional significance in the development of southwestern Laurentia during the late Paleozoic. The two distinct generations of folding have similar style and/or timing to other fold sets in late Paleozoic strata of northern Nevada. Unconformities in the upper Paleozoic strata at Buck Mountain are consistent with unconformities documented in northern and east-central Nevada.

Northwest-vergent folds (F1) in the Morrowan–Atokan Ely Limestone are erosionally truncated and unconformably overlain by the middle Desmoinesian Hogan Formation and middle Wolfcampian (Sakmarian) Upper Strathearn Formation. This upper Paleozoic stratigraphic package was subsequently refolded by the Buck Mountain Syncline and associated mesoscale folds (F2). F2 folds lack tight age control but are interpreted to be associated with the Cretaceous central Nevada thrust belt. Critically, none of these structures are localized above or below low-angle faults.

The unconformity between the Ely and Hogan formations is consistent with the C5 regional unconformity. Importantly, it constrains the age of northwest-vergent deformation on Buck Mountain. West-vergent folds and west-directed thrusts are documented at several locations in northern and east-central Nevada, but because of the dominance of the C6 unconformity and/or lack of robust age control, the age of these structures has not been tightly constrained. The evidence at Buck Mountain indicates that west-vergent structures predate the C5 unconformity.

Buck Mountain is important because it: (1) precisely brackets the age of west-vergent deformation in Nevada to pre–mid-Desmoinesian (sub C5-unconformity) and (2) defines a southeastern edge to the late Paleozoic west-vergent deformation in northern and east-central Nevada.
Sequence Biostratigraphy of Carboniferous–Permian Boundary Strata in Western Utah: Deciphering Eustatic and Tectonic Controls on Sedimentation in the Antler–Sonoma Distal Foreland Basin
Authors: Ritter Scott M. , Meibos Joshua K. , Robinson Ty S.
Published: August 2022

The stratal architecture of the upper Ely Limestone and Mormon Gap Formation (Pennsylvanian–Lower Permian) in west-central Utah reflects the interaction of icehouse sea-level change and tectonic activity in the distal Antler–Sonoma foreland basin. Nineteen stratigraphic sections correlated by physical and biostratigraphic means provide a basis for tracing Carboniferous–Permian boundary strata over a north–south distance of 60 km. These formations can be subdivided into 14 unconformity-bounded, third-order depositional sequences of differing internal architecture and regional extent. Conodonts and fusulinids provide ages for selected sequences and parasequences, permitting correlation with tectonostratigraphic units in the proximal foreland in north-central Nevada and with selected Midcontinent cyclothems. The 14 third-order sequences stack into three second-order supersequences characterized by distinctive differences in facies and facies stacking patterns, regional continuity of cycles, relative abundance of dolomite and limestone, calculated rock accumulation rates, and the frequency and inferred duration of sequence-bounding hiatuses. These reflect the effect of high-frequency sea-level change on an intermittently subsiding distal foreland shelf. Sediment accommodation was relatively high during the Bashkirian through middle Moscovian (upper part of Lower Absaroka I supersequence) and again during the late Sakmarian and Artinskian (lower part of Lower Absaroka III supersequence) as a function of continuous subsidence and high-amplitude sea-level change. During the late Moscovian through upper Sakmarian (Lower Absaroka II supersequence), however, subsidence slowed or ceased in response to tectonic activity in north-central Nevada, with concomitant development of the West-Central Utah Highlands (forebulge). During this episode of reduced subsidence, intermittent sedimentation was driven by second- and third-order eustatic fluctuations in sea level. Constituent strata form a wedge of onlapping, northward-thinning sequences and parasequences deposited during selected third-order highstands of the Lower Absaroka II second-order sea-level event. Depositional sequences in the distal foreland are bounded by low-relief disconformities of variable duration, in contrast to the angular unconformities and intensely deformed tectonostratigraphic domains that characterize the proximal foreland basin in north-central Nevada.
Computational prediction of Carica papaya phytocompounds as potential drug agent against RdRp and spike protein of SARS-nCoV2 by molecular docking and dynamics simulation approaches
Authors: Saif Rashid , Zafar Muhammad Osama , Raza Muhammad Hassan , Zia Saeeda , Qureshi Abdul Rasheed
Published: August 2022

The emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-nCoV2 led to mass-scale mortalities worldwide. The need of the hour is to develop strategies and design drugs/vaccines to control this contagion. Current research predicted the promising drug agents from the Carica papaya compounds by docking and MD simulations approaches with two major drug target proteins of spike receptor-binding domain and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-nCoV2. MOE & PyRx softwares were used for ligand-protein interactions and docking scores predictions. Additionally, MD simulation analysis was performed on the ligands with the lowest binding energies using the NAMD/VMD softwares to compute the stability of the best complexes. Furthermore, SwissADME analysis was also performed to check Lipinski's physiochemical parameters of ligands. Our docking results showed the best binding energies of Lutein & β-cryptoxanthin ligands with both of the proteins followed by MDS analysis to check the complex stability and physical perturbations to determine the fitness of these complexes as a potential drug agent against COVID-19 infection. The findings of the current study need experimental validations to proceed further for clinical trials.
Capacitive Sensing for Natural Environment Rehabilitation Monitoring
Authors: Pearl Owen , Rokhmanova Nataliya , Dankovich Louis , Faille Summer , Bergbreiter Sarah , Halilaj Eni
Published: August 2022

Inexpensive wearable sensors are expected to transform both research and clinical practice by monitoring patient movement outside of the laboratory and helping personalize the treatment of mobility impairments [1]. To meet these expectations, wearable sensors need to be benchmarked against clinical standards, be robust to placement errors by non-experts, and provide reliable data over long periods of time. Inertial sensing remains the only wearable technology that has been comprehensively characterized and benchmarked against gold-standard biomechanical measurements, but it is sensitive to both drift and placement error [2] and does not provide estimations of muscle activity, which are relevant to numerous mobility impairments. Here we characterize capacitive touch sensing [3] as a gait rehabilitation monitoring technology for the first time, finding that it captures clinically relevant biomechanical measures with the fidelity of laboratory tools. We also show that a circumferential lower-limb capacitive sensing sleeve is more effective than electromyography and musculoskeletal simulations at detecting therapeutically relevant gait modifications used to prevent osteoarthritis progression. Finally, we show that our capacitive sensing approach is robust to placement errors and measurement drift over a 6-hour trial, both of which are insignificant to tracking adherence to therapeutic gait prescriptions. Our results indicate that capacitive sensing wearables could make rehabilitation monitoring outside laboratory environments more feasible and could be used synergistically with other emerging wearable technologies to provide real-time feedback to patients during daily life [4]. We expect this foundational study of capacitive sensing for rehabilitation monitoring to be translatable to other parts of the body and applicable to a wide range of mobility-related pathologies and emerging human-in-the-loop wearable health technologies [5–7].
Integrated multi-omics analyses identify key anti-viral host factors and pathways controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Hou Jiakai , Wei Yanjun , Zou Jing , Jaffery Roshni , Liang Shaoheng , Zheng Caishang , Chen Ken , Shi Pei-Yong , Chen Yiwen , Xie Xuping , Peng Weiyi
Published: August 2022

Host anti-viral factors are essential for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection but remain largely unknown due to the biases of previous large-scale studies toward pro-viral host factors. To fill in this knowledge gap, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR dropout screen and integrated analyses of the multi-omics data of the CRISPR screen, genome-wide association studies, single-cell RNA-seq, and host-virus proteins or protein/RNA interactome. This study has uncovered many host factors that were missed by previous studies, including the components of V-ATPases, ESCRT, and N-glycosylation pathways that modulated viral entry and/or replication. The cohesin complex was also identified as a novel anti-viral pathway, suggesting an important role of three-dimensional chromatin organization in mediating host-viral interaction. Furthermore, we discovered an anti-viral regulator KLF5, a transcriptional factor involved in sphingolipid metabolism, which was up-regulated and harbored genetic variations linked to the COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms. Our results provide a resource for understanding the host anti-viral network during SARS-CoV-2 infection and may help develop new countermeasure strategies.
Genomic Benefits and Potential Harms of COVID-19 Vaccines Indicated from High-Performance Genomic Biomarkers
Authors: Zhang Zhengjun
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 vaccines can be the tugboats of preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections when they are practical and, more importantly, without adverse effects. However, the reality is that they may result in short-term or long-term impacts on COVID-19-related diseases and even trigger the formation of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Using published data, we use a set of high-performance COVID-19 genomic biomarkers (MND1, CDC6, ZNF282) to study the benefits and adverse effects of the BNT162b2 vaccine. We found that the vaccine lowered expression values of genes MND1 and CDC6 while heightening the expression values of ZNF282 of individuals with SARS-CoV-2-naive, which is expected and satisfies the biological equivalence between the COVID-19 disease and the genomic signature patterns established in the literature. However, we also found that the vaccine adversely affected COVID-19 convalescent octogenarians. It heightened the expression values of MND1 and CDC6. In addition, it lowered the expression values of ZNF282. Such adverse effects raise outstanding concerns about whether or not COVID-19 convalescent individuals should take the current vaccine or when they can take it. These findings are new at the genomic level and can provide insights into developing the next-generation vaccines, antiviral drugs, and pandemic management guidance.
Orofacial Clefts Alter Early Life Oral Microbiome Maturation Towards Dysbiosis
Authors: Seidel Corinna , Strobel Karin , Weider Matthias , Tschaftari Marco , Unertl Christoph , Willershausen Ines , Weber Manuel , Hoerning André , Morhart Patrick , Schneider Michael , Beckmann Matthias , Bogdan Christian , Gerlach Roman , Gölz Lina
Published: August 2022

Orofacial clefts (OFC) present different phenotypes and severities with a postnatal challenge for oral microbiota development. In order to investigate the impact of OFC on oral microbiota, smear samples from 15 neonates with OFC and 17 neonates without OFC were collected from two oral niches (tongue, cheek) at two time points, i.e. at first consultation after birth (T0: Ø3d OFC group; Ø2d control group) and 4–5 weeks later (T1: Ø32d OFC group; Ø31d control group). Subsequently, the samples were processed and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. We detected a significant increase in alpha diversity and distinct phenotypes, e.g., anaerobic and gram-negative species from T0 to T1 in both groups. Further, we found that at T1 OFC neonates presented a significantly lower alpha diversity with lowest values for high cleft severity and significantly higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae (Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella), Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium, Lactocaseibacillus, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Lawsonella compared to controls. Notably, neonates with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip (UCLP/BCLP) and palate presented similarities in beta diversity and a mixture with skin microbiota. However, significant differences were seen in neonates with cleft palate only compared to UCLP/BCLP with higher levels of anaerobic species. Our findings revealed an influence of OFC as well as cleft phenotype and severity on postnatal oral microbiota maturation.