bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradise gained and lost: shared prosperity in East Asian welfare production regimes
Authors: Meng Ke , Zhong Linrui
Published: October 2022

This paper expands the research on how shared prosperity is achieved in East Asian countries (regions). Based on welfare production regime theory, this paper advances a theoretical framework to link economic growth to income distribution. The main argument is that the match between the skills developed by social protection systems and the needs of product market strategies is key to economic progress. The skills and the social protection systems could also influence income allocation through distribution and redistribution. The net effect of the two channels determines the result of income equality. A longitudinal exploration of Japan, Taiwan and Korea in the export-led growth period (1961–1979) and the knowledge economy period (1980–1996) supports the argument. A policy implication of the argument is that China could strategically adjust its welfare production regime to achieve shared prosperity.
Principles of Behavioral Economics
Authors: Earl Peter E.
Published: October 2022

This book is unique among modern contributions to behavioral economics in presenting a grand synthesis between the kind of behavioral economics popularized by Richard Thaler, earlier approaches such as those of the 1978 Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon, evolutionary psychology, and evolutionary economics from Veblen and Marshall through to neo-Schumpeterian thinking. The synthesis employs a complex adaptive systems approach to how people think, the lifestyles they build, and how new production technologies and products are gradually adopted and produce changes. Using a huge range of examples, it takes behavioral economics from its recent focus on 'nudging' consumers, to the behavior of firms and other organizations, the challenges of achieving structural change and transitioning to environmentally sustainable lifestyles, and instability of the financial system. This book will be of great interest to academics and graduate students who seek a broader view of what behavioral economics is and what it might become.
Leveraging CTSA hubs for rapid, large-scale, high-impact research: A case study during a global public health emergency
Authors: Croker Jennifer A. , Valenti Shannon , Baus Holly Ann , Ford Eric W. , Mathias David , Yasko Laurel , McGaughey Dan , Smith Tony , Underwood Katherine , Avolio Jennifer , Sadtler Kaitlyn , Memoli Matthew J. , Kimberly Robert P. , Reis Steven E.
Published: October 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic took hold in the USA in early 2020, it became clear that knowledge of the prevalence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among asymptomatic individuals could inform public health policy decisions and provide insight into the impact of the infection on vulnerable populations. Two Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Hubs and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) set forth to conduct a national seroprevalence survey to assess the infection’s rate of spread. This partnership was able to quickly design and launch the project by leveraging established research capacities, prior experiences in large-scale, multisite studies and a highly skilled workforce of CTSA hubs and unique experimental capabilities at the NIH to conduct a diverse prospective, longitudinal observational cohort of 11,382 participants who provided biospecimens and participant-reported health and behavior data. The study was completed in 16 months and benefitted from transdisciplinary teamwork, information technology innovations, multimodal communication strategies, and scientific partnership for rigor in design and analytic methods. The lessons learned by the rapid implementation and dissemination of this national study is valuable in guiding future multisite projects as well as preparation for other public health emergencies and pandemics.
Positivity of direct images with a Poincaré type twist
Authors: Naumann Philipp
Published: October 2022

We consider a holomorphic family

$f:\mathscr {X} \to S$

of compact complex manifolds and a line bundle

$\mathscr {L}\to \mathscr {X}$

. Given that

$\mathscr {L}^{-1}$

carries a singular hermitian metric that has Poincaré type singularities along a relative snc divisor

$\mathscr {D}$

, the direct image

$f_*(K_{\mathscr {X}/S}\otimes \mathscr {D} \otimes \mathscr {L})$

carries a smooth hermitian metric. If

$\mathscr {L}$

is relatively positive, we give an explicit formula for its curvature. The result applies to families of log-canonically polarized pairs. Moreover, we show that it improves the general positivity result of Berndtsson-Păun in a special situation of a big line bundle.
AN ATYPICAL FĀRA TABLET IN GENEVA'S MUSÉE D'ART ET D'HISTOIRE
Authors: Cavigneaux Antoine , Clevenstine Emmert , Krebernik Manfred
Published: October 2022

The unprovenanced tablet MAH 16070 has the size and shape of many administrative documents and contracts from controlled excavations at Fāra, ancient Šuruppak. It contains low numbers (1 and 2) of various commodities (most made of metal, some obscure) alternating with well-documented personal names. The purpose of the text is not immediately apparent. It has no obvious parallel among previously published distribution and offering lists. Expressions pointing to the background of the document are ša3e2-gal “interior of the palace” (o iv 5), e2geme2“handmaids’ house” (r iii 5’), and lugal e2du3at the very end of the text (r iv 2’), which could mean “(for) the king, (to) build (his) house”, although other interpretations are possible.
Surface tension force on a partially submerged horizontal concave cylinder
Authors: Tan Dongwen , Zhang Fei , Zhou Xinping
Published: October 2022

A horizontal cylinder with a concave cross-section partially submerged in a liquid at a given position may permit multiple menisci around itself. The number and stabilities of the menisci are analysed, and how the menisci change during the processes of gradually hoisting and lowering the cylinder is explained by bifurcation theory. The restoring force on the concave cylinder and the rebounding potential energy (defined as the work done by the restoring force during the whole hoisting process to represent the potential rebounding capacity of a cylinder on water) are also investigated. The results show that, when the radius of the concave arc is smaller than the critical value, the concave cylinder at a given position permits multiple possible menisci. The equilibria form fold bifurcations with the position of the cylinder as the bifurcation parameter, and two successive fold bifurcations can form a one-fold hysteresis loop. The force–distance curve representing the relation between the restoring force and the position of the cylinder also has corresponding hysteresis loops, where the restoring force will jump (i.e. change discontinuously) at the bifurcation points. In contrast to a convex cylinder, a concave cylinder can have different values of the restoring force at the same height because of multiple menisci, and the values depend on whether it is hoisted or lowered. Under the condition of a fixed cross-sectional area, the optimal cross-sectional shape is determined when the maximum rebounding potential energy is reached, and it is close to the shape with the critical concave arc angle for the existence of multiple possible menisci. The cross-sections with concave parts are preferable to circular, laterally planed and corner-concave cross-sections. This paper provides an effective method of enhancing the restoring force and potential rebounding height of a robotic water strider insect or particles on the surface of water.
Vers une grille d'analyse féministe radicale de l’empowermenten contexte fédéral : les luttes agricoles en Inde
Authors: Viens Catherine
Published: October 2022

Dans cet article, je présente le potentiel d'utiliser une approche féministe radicale de l’empowermentcomme grille d'analyse dans les études fédérales. Pour ce faire, je développe un cadre analytique qui s'inscrit dans la quatrième vague d’études sur le genre et le fédéralisme qui s'intéresse aux interactions entre oppressions imbriquées et dispositifs fédéraux (institutions, pratiques, discours). J’étudie les processus d’empowermentdes personnes agricultrices s’étant mobilisées à la fin de l'année 2020 en Inde contre l'entrée en vigueur de nouvelles lois agricoles. Par ce cas, j'illustre d'abord comment le fédéralisme participe à la fragmentation de groupes marginalisés, tout en soulevant la nécessité d’élaborer des dispositifs fédéraux à partir des réalités, écosystèmes et environnements locaux. Puis, je montre comment une conception féministe radicale de l’empowermentpeut modifier les perspectives d'analyse en études fédérales et rendre visibles des structures qui perpétuent les oppressions imbriquées au sein d'une fédération.
Winter weathering of fractured sedimentary rocks in a temperate climate: observation of freeze–thaw and thermal processes on the Niagara Escarpment, Hamilton, Ontario
Authors: Gage Henry J.M. , Eyles Carolyn H. , Peace Alexander L.
Published: October 2022

The Niagara Escarpment is a fractured Palaeozoic sedimentary cuesta, subject to year-round weathering in a temperate climate. We examined the temperature of the rock surface and fractures at threein situsites with varying aspect and lithology, as well as the surface and interior of three control blocks maintained in outdoor conditions between December 2020 and March 2021. The objectives were to examine the interplay between freeze–thaw and thermal weathering in the winter months and to identify potential factors influencing these processes. Both diurnal-scale and prolonged freeze–thaw cycles differing in spatial and temporal extent were identified, coincident with periods of high moisture. We frequently observed rapid temperature changes (>1 °C min−1) at sites with strong insolation, which implies that the temperature regime is suitable for thermal shock and fatigue to occur. Site-specific factors, such as the aspect of the escarpment face and lithology, impact the mechanism and extent of weathering. Southeast-facing sites with high insolation are dominated by diurnal-scale freeze–thaw; west- and east-facing sites with lower insolation experience a more prominent prolonged freeze–thaw cycle. Across all sites there is a gradient between surface and fracture temperature that follows diurnal trends in air temperature and insolation. Variability in the surface-fracture gradient may enhance weathering processes by shifting the orientation and magnitude of stress, and by changing the spatial distribution of freezing and thawing. Our research indicates that site-specific factors and pre-existing fractures moderate the influence of air temperature and insolation on thermal gradients, and ultimately the weathering regime.
Empathetic Exchange of Censored Scenes: Southeast Asian Theatre’s Bold Experiment
Authors: Diamond Catherine
Published: October 2022

At the 2021 Bangkok International Performing Arts Meeting (BIPAM), Southeast Asian dramatists presented new works that combined personal histories with the overarching political struggles in the region. One presentation, Deleted Scenes in SEA: Ownership Under Censorship, not only took up the issues of censorship and self-censorship but also entangled the distinct cultural identities of three countries – Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand – by reprising scenes formerly banned in them. The new versions were directed and performed in a language of one of the other countries. Adapting each other’s censored scenes, and re-enacting their similar experiences in countering political repression, required empathetic imagination, and could be a new theatrical platform for creating a sense of regional solidarity. Catherine Diamond is a Professor of Theatre and Environmental Literature at Soochow University, Taiwan. She is the author of Communities of Imagination: Contemporary Southeast Asian Theatres (University of Hawai’i Press, 2012) and the playwright/director of the Kinnari Ecological Theatre Project (KETEP) in Southeast Asia.
Naturalistic Parrots, Stylized Birds of Prey: Visual Symbolism of the Human–Animal Relationship in Pre-Hispanic Ceramic Art of the Paraná River Lowlands, South America
Authors: Ottalagano Flavia V.
Published: October 2022

The pre-Hispanic art of the Lowlands of Paraná comprises very realistic to extremely simplified ceramic figurines made by complex hunter-gatherer groups during the Late Holocene. In particular, the article seeks to discuss the differences found between parrot and raptor figures, which are the most frequent motifs. Alternative styles of representation were involved in the visual symbolism of the two groups of birds with well-differentiated morphological and behavioural attributes. Whereas parrot images were elaborated with greater naturalism in sites mostly located in the middle Paraná, birds of prey exhibit a higher degree of stylization and schematization, especially in the lower Paraná. It is proposed that the differences in the artistic modalities used to represent these groups of birds could be related to the positioning of these animals within different metaphorical domains and opposable conceptual categories. It is also suggested that this iconography could be specifically linked to a totemic ontology, which implies a particular attitude towards nature. This study attempts to contribute to broadening our knowledge about the symbolic relationships between humans and animals in pre-Columbian America.
Self-Regulation and Political Confabulation
Authors: Murphy-Hollies Kathleen
Published: October 2022

In this paper, I discuss the nature and consequences of confabulation about political opinions and behaviours. When people confabulate, they give reasons for their choices or behaviour which are ill-grounded and do not capture what really brought the behaviour about, but they do this with no intention to deceive and endorse their own accounts. I suggest that this can happen when people are asked why they voted a certain way, or support certain campaigns, and so on. Confabulating in these political contexts seems bad because we do not get a fully truthful account of why some political choice was made, and so the reasoning behind the choice is under-scrutinised. However, I argue that if people have a virtue of self-regulation, confabulation in political contexts can actually be part of the process of coming to better understand our political choices and embody more consistently the political values which we ascribe to.
Uncertainty Phobia and Epistemic Forbearance in a Pandemic
Authors: Shackel Nicholas
Published: October 2022

In this chapter I show how challenges to our ability to tame the uncertainty of a pandemic leaves us vulnerable to uncertainty phobia. This is because, contrary to what we might hope, not all the uncertainty that matters can be tamed by our knowledge of the relevant probabilities. Unrelievable wild uncertainty is a hard burden to bear, especially so when we must act in the face of it. We are tempted to retreat into uncertainty phobia, leading to fixed definite opinions precisely when acting on sound judgement requires our opinions to be hedged and mobile. Coping with a pandemic requires us to bear the burden rather than give in to temptation: it requires us to practise the virtue of epistemic forbearance.
Integrity as the Goal of Character Education
Authors: Webber Jonathan
Published: October 2022

Schools and universities should equip students with the ability to deal with an unpredictable environment in ways that promote worthwhile and fulfilling lives. The world is rapidly changing and the contours of our ethical values have been shaped by the world we have lived in. Education therefore needs to cultivate in students the propensity to develop and refine ethical values that preserve important insights accrued through experience while responding to novel challenges. Therefore, we should aim to foster the virtue of ethical integrity. This virtue is driven by a concern for ethical accuracy, which motivates and warrants respect for our existing ethical commitments as repositories of previous ethical reasoning, but equally requires recognition of our own fallibility and consideration of other people's reasoning. Ethical integrity thus comprises constancy, fidelity, humility, and receptivity, balanced and integrated by the aim of ethical accuracy. It is a kind of ethical seriousness, though it includes acceptance of some degree of ambivalence. It is an inherently developmental virtue distinct from the unachievable ethical perfection of practical wisdom. It is an Aristotelian virtue, even though Aristotle does not himself name it. The paper closes with an outline of what education for ethical integrity would look like.
On the Importance of Beauty and Taste
Authors: Paris Panos
Published: October 2022

We have all heard people say ‘Beauty is only skin-deep’, or ‘Beauty is in the eye of the beholder’: our culture promulgates a conception of beauty as subjective, superficial, and independent of other values like moral goodness or knowledge and understanding. Yet our taste in beauty affects many aspects of our lives, sometimes playing a decisive – and often detrimental – role in areas as wide-ranging as our identity and self-esteem, our morally salient decisions, and our relationship to the environment. This presents us with a choice: we can either ignore the facts – leaving our conception of beauty unchanged and allowing our taste to influence much in our lives while either not acknowledging such influence, or perhaps seeking to reprimand it; or we can take the power of beauty seriously and seek to harmonise our taste with our values. I argue for the latter option and propose a way of bringing beauty and taste in line with what matters to us using the notion of functional beauty. Adopting this strategy, I suggest, can have a powerful – and positive – impact on our self-esteem and wellbeing, our relationship to others, as well as our attitudes towards the environment.
Attaining Autonomy in the Empire: French Governors between 1860 and 1960
Authors: Viallet-Thévenin Scott , Chambru Cédric
Published: October 2022

This article presents a study of the careers of French colonial governors between 1830 and 1960. We consider empires as the by-product of social entities structuring themselves. Specifically, we analyze the process of the emergence of this professional group with respect to other professional groups within the imperial space and the French metropolitan space, building on the concept of linked ecologies. Using data on the career of 637 colonial governors between 1830 and 1960, we examine how variations in the recruitment of these senior civil servants actually reflect the professionalization of this group. We rely on an optimal matching technique to distinguish typical sequence models and identify nine common career trajectories that can be grouped into four main clusters. We further compare the share of each cluster in the population of governors over time and show that the rise of the colonial cluster during the Interwar period corresponded to the peak of the administrative autonomy in the colonial space. We argue that this process is consistent with the professionalization of the governors’ corps, which is embodied by a common career within the colonial administration and a collective identity as a group.
Loud Auditory Distractors Are More Difficult to Ignore After All
Authors: Alikadic Lejla , Röer Jan Philipp
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Working memory performance is markedly disrupted when task-irrelevant sound is played during item presentation or retention. In a preregistered replication study, we systematically examined the role of intensity in two types of auditory distraction. The first type of distraction is the changing-state effect (i.e., increased disruption by changing-state relative to steady-state sequences). The second type is the auditory deviant effect (i.e., increased disruption by auditory deviant relative to steady-state sequences). In previous experiments, the changing-state effect was independent of intensity. Whether a deviation in intensity leads to an increase in disruption has not yet been examined. We replicated the classic finding that the increased disruption by changing-state relative to steady-state sequences is independent of intensity. Contrary to previous studies, we found an unexpected main effect of intensity. Steady-state and changing-state sequences presented at 75 dB(A) were more disruptive than presented at 45 dB(A), suggesting that intensity plays a more important role than previously assumed in the disruption of working memory performance. Furthermore, we tested the prediction of the violation of expectancy account, according to which deviant distractors at a lower and higher intensity than the rest of the sequence should be equally disruptive. Our results were consistent with this prediction.
An Analytic Expression for the Volcanic Seismic Swarms Occurrence Rate. A Case Study of Some Volcanoes in the World
Authors: Godano C. , Tramelli A. , Mora M. , Taylor W. , Petrillo G.
Published: October 2022

Seismic swarms are defined as a group of earthquakes occurring very close in time and space but without any distinctively large event triggering their occurrence. Up to now no simple law has been found to describe the swarm occurrence rate. Here we find an expression able to fit the average occurrence rate on some volcanic areas. This expression exhibits some differences in respect to the classical Omori law. Namely the c parameter of the Omori law is equal to zero and the power law decay of the average occurrence rate of the earthquakes is followed by an exponential decaying regime. Both the results can be interpreted in term of fluid injection and/or movements. Indeed this is a more impulsive phenomenon compared to the occurrence of a large earthquake, with a duration compatible with a c = 0. The exponential decay following the power law one could be explained by a viscoelastic relaxation of the stress induced by the injection and/or movements of fluids in the earth crust.
Deforestation Drives Desiccation in Global Monsoon Region
Authors: Liang Yue , Xu Xiyan , Jia Gensuo
Published: October 2022

Global monsoon system is a major component of the Earth's climate system and carries about two‐thirds of the world's population. How large‐scale deforestation induced changes in water cycle and energy balance may modify global monsoon system and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we use simulations of 11 models participating in the Land Use Model Intercomparison Project in the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 6 to study the response of global monsoon precipitation and atmospheric circulation to large‐scale deforestation. Global deforestation of about 38% induces annual precipitation reduction of about −15.01 mm yr−1 (Multi‐Model Ensemble) in global monsoon regions and −26.15 mm yr−1 in land monsoon regions. The precipitation reduction is particularly pronounced in the Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoon (NHSM) regions with decreased precipitation by 16.83 mm in the summer monsoon season from May to September along with weakened circulation intensity. Deforestation causes asymmetrical temperature response in the northern high latitudes and Southern Hemisphere Tropics, leading to decreased hemispheric thermal contrast, which reduces the meridional pressure gradient and weakens the convergence of cross‐equatorial flows into the NHSM trough regions, thereby decreasing the NHSM circulation and precipitation intensity. The deforestation‐induced hemispheric temperature asymmetry also increases the northward cross‐equatorial atmosphere heat transport (c‐eq AHT) that drives southward shift of Intertropical Convergence Zone, which suppresses the NHSM precipitation. Our results show that the drying monsoon region in response to deforestation is fairly consistent among the models implying the adverse effects of large‐scale deforestation beyond the region of land use change.
A Mysterious Dome Reveals Clues to Australia’s Miocene History
Authors: Scharping Nathaniel
Published: October 2022

The Nullarbor Plain has been relatively untouched by geological forces, leaving traces of the continent’s deep past.
Temporal Evolution of the Swell and Magmatic Fluxes Along the Louisville Hotspot Chain
Authors: Adam Claudia , Smith Madison N. , Kempton Pamela D. , Brueseke Matthew
Published: October 2022

Hawaii and Louisville are the two long‐lived hotspot chains in the Pacific basin. Characterizing the swell flux, Qs, a measure of the plume buoyancy, and the flux of the magmatic material accumulated along the chain, Qm, brings important constraints on the plumes' temporal evolution and on their interaction with the lithosphere. Numerous studies focus on the temporal evolution of the Hawaiian chain, but no study investigates the temporal evolution along the Louisville chain. In the present study we constrain the temporal evolution of the swell and magmatism fluxes along the Louisville chain, from volcano ages and bathymetry data. The overall Louisville magmatism flux appears nearly constant, that is, Louisville plume activity has exhibited remarkably little variation over the past 30 m.y., in agreement with geochemical data. These results are also in agreement with recent studies along Hawaii, which show that the Qm increase is due to plume migration toward a more fertile mantle reservoir. This means that, in general, long term variations in Qm relate to variations in the deep source of the plume. Along Louisville, we find short‐term variations occurring with a periodicity of ∼5–10 m.y. in both Qm and Qs, similar to the short‐term variations observed along Hawaii by former studies. As these variations occur along hotspot chains associated with either a heterogenous or homogeneous chemical signature, they must be created by shallow phenomena. The tilt of the plume conduit by large‐scale mantle advection is our preferred model, as it can account for both the geophysical and geochemical observations.
Distribution of ULF Wave Power in Magnetic Latitude and Local Time Using THEMIS and Arase Measurements
Authors: Sarris Theodore E. , Li Xinlin , Zhao Hong , Papadakis Kostis , Liu Wenlong , Tu Weichao , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Glassmeier Karl‐Heinz , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Matsuoka Ayako , Shinohara Iku , Imajo Shun
Published: October 2022

Ultra‐low‐frequency (ULF) waves are known to radially diffuse hundreds‐keV to few‐MeV electrons in the magnetosphere, as the range of drift frequencies of such electrons overlaps with the frequencies of the waves, leading to resonant interactions. The theoretical framework for this process is described by analytic expressions of the resonant interactions between electrons and toroidal and poloidal ULF wave modes in a background magnetic field. However, most expressions estimate the radial diffusion rates based on estimates of the power of ULF waves that are obtained either from spacecraft close to the equatorial plane or from the ground. In this study, using multiyear measurements from the THEMIS and Arase missions, we present a statistical analysis of the distribution of ULF wave power in magnetic latitude and local time and show that the wave power of the radial and azimuthal components of the magnetic field increases away from the magnetic equator. Our result could have significant implications for the radial diffusion rates as currently estimated.
Role of Vertical Mixing in the Upper Ocean in the Seasonal Variation of Arctic Amplification
Authors: Dai Haijin , Zhao Jun , Zhao Wenjing , Huang Hong , Liu Yao
Published: October 2022

Reanalysis data and a numerical model are employed to explore how diffusion in the upper ocean evolves in different seasons and to understand its contribution to seasonal heat storage (SHS) and Arctic amplification. The numerical simulation results are closely consistent with observations. First, Arctic solar radiation absorption anomaly (maximum in June) due to ice‐loss is mainly stored as SHS (maximum in June and July) or warms the surface (minimum in July) in observations. Furthermore, the numerical simulation suggests that vertical diffusion dominates SHS formation/discharge. Second, surface ocean becomes warmer than surface air in cold season and releases SHS in Arctic. Sea‐ice loss allows more ocean be directly driven by wind; surface high pressure over Arctic may enhance the wind stress; increased water freeze leads to more salt rejection and additional dense water being produced and sinking downward; all of the occurrences strengthen vertical mixing and release more SHS to the atmosphere. As a result, Arctic surface warming reaches its maximum in cold season. In observations, much stronger outgoing longwave radiation due to the warmer surface in October causes Arctic surface warming to reach its maximum in November, although increased carbon dioxide forcing also contributes to maintain longwave radiation in November. Finally, Arctic surface (air) warming in cold season exhibits different spatial patterns from SHS discharge due to heat convergence/divergence induced by anomalous surface wind, which is determined by the variation in surface high pressure over the Arctic.
Light People: Professor Thomas G. Brown
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: October 2022

Editorial

What’s the first thing that comes to your mind when it comes to the University of Rochester? It is the first optical education program in the USA, and one of the three most respected optical education and research centers programs in the country. Nobel Prize Laureates such as Gerard Mourou and Donna Strickland have completed major works here. And today we’re going to introduce Prof. Thomas G. Brown, Director of the University of Rochester’s Institute of Optics.

Prof. Brown has many scientific achievements to his name, including introducing the term “cylindrical vector beam” to describe unique and unconventional polarization states. He has ample experience in both scientific research and industry development, and now is an inspiring mentor to young students and researchers, and a respected chief editor of academic journals. Please follow the Light People to the Institute of Optics at the University of Rochester, learn about Thomas G. Brown’s vision for the future, and explore his colorful life path, which will bring you new inspirations.
Trough anti-Xa activity after intermediate dose nadroparin for thrombosis prophylaxis in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury
Authors: Eck R. J. , van de Leur J. J. C. M. , Wiersema R. , Cox E. G. M. , Bult W. , Spanjersberg A. J. , van der Horst I. C. C. , Lukens M. V. , Gans R. O. B. , Meijer K. , Keus F.
Published: October 2022

Our objective was to assess the incidence of drug bioaccumulation in critically ill COVID-19 patients with AKI receiving intermediate dose nadroparin for thrombosis prophylaxis. We conducted a Prospective cohort study of critically ill COVID-19 patients. In patients on intermediate dose nadroparin (5700 IU once daily) we assessed the incidence of bioaccumulation (trough anti-Xa level > 0.2 IU/mL) stratified according to presence of AKI. We quantified this association using multilevel analyses. To assess robustness of our observations, we explored the association between AKI and anti-Xa activity in patients receiving high dose nadroparin (> 5700 IU). 108 patients received intermediate dose nadroparin, of whom 24 had AKI during 36 anti-Xa measurements. One patient with AKI (4.2% [95%CI 0.1–21%]) and 1 without (1.2% [95%CI 0.03–6.5%]) developed bioaccumulation (p = 0.39). Development of AKI was associated with a mean increase of 0.04 (95%CI 0.02–0.05) IU/ml anti-Xa activity. There was no statistically significant association between anti-Xa activity and AKI in 51 patients on high dose nadroparin. There were four major bleeding events, all in patients on high dose nadroparin. In conclusion, Bioaccumulation of an intermediate dose nadroparin did not occur to a significant extent in critically ill patients with COVID-19 complicated by AKI. Dose adjustment in AKI may be unnecessary.
A review of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for bioanalytical sensors
Authors: Randviir Edward P. , Banks Craig E.
Published: October 2022

EIS is mainly employed for immunosensors and aptasensors, but opportunities exist for enzymatic, composite and other sensor strategies.
Global transportation of green hydrogen via liquid carriers: economic and environmental sustainability analysis, policy implications, and future directions
Authors: Dickson Rofice , Akhtar Malik Sajawal , Abbas Abiha , Park Eun Duck , Liu Jay
Published: October 2022

Green H2 is considered as one of the most promising options for achieving a net-zero emission economy, but its low volumetric density presents significant challenges. A large-scale H2 delivery infrastructure is evaluated by investigating six carriers.
Tensions Between Autistic Sociality, Communication, and Social Skills Research: A Response to Bambara (2022) and Camarata (2022)
Authors: Keates Nathan , Waldock Krysia Emily , Dewar Eleanor
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this letter to the editor is to further elucidate the arguments Keates (2022) and Beechey (2022) stated in their letters to the editor. Both Bambara (2022) and Camarata (2022) pose comments that require clarifying the original arguments, particularly regarding power and autistic sociality, which we feel will provide further clarity to this highly significant and growing topic within autism research.

Conclusion:

We recommend teaching not autistic people but rather non-autistic individuals about autistic sociality, in order to lower the burden on autistic interlocutors in cross-neurotype interactions and socialization (as per previous literature,Bottema-Beutel et al., 2018). We provide recommendations to address difficulties in cross-neurotype interactions—for example, bridging the neurotype gap through practice or psychosocial interventions for acceptance of autistic people and their system of interpretation, as perJones et al. (2021).
Model‐free adaptive optimal control of continuous‐time nonlinear non‐zero‐sum games based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Guo Lei , Zhao Han
Published: October 2022

In this paper, two novel algorithms to find the Nash equilibrium solution of the non‐zero‐sum games for continuous‐time input‐affine nonlinear systems are presented. Based on integral reinforcement learning method, the integral‐exploration‐coupled Hamilton‐Jacobi (HJ) equations are derived, which does not contain any information of the system dynamics. Then, based on neural networks approximation, two different adaptive tuning law of weights are given to estimate the approximate solution of the coupled HJ equations. Both two algorithms can estimate the value function and the policy without knowing or identifying the system dynamics. The closed‐loop system stability and the convergence of weights are guaranteed based on Lyapunov analysis. Finally, the simulation results of a two‐player non‐zero‐sum game demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms.
Multivariable sequential model predictive control of LCL‐type grid connected inverter
Authors: Zhang Hui , Tao Ran , Li Zhiliang , Zhang Xiao , Ma Zhixun
Published: October 2022

The conventional single variable indirect model predictive control (SIMPC) of LCL‐type three‐level grid‐ connected inverter (GCI) is to indirectly control the grid current by controlling the output current of the inverter, which usually produces large errors and reduces the system anti‐disturbance performance. Although the previously proposed multivariable weighted model predictive control (MWMPC) method of LCL‐type GCI can directly control many variables, such as grid current, it requires setting the weight coefficient for each variable and involves a substantial amount of calculation. To due with these problems, this paper proposes a multivariable sequential model predictive control (MSMPC) method for LCL‐type three‐level GCI. The inverter output current, the filter capacitor voltage, and the grid current are gradually predicted and optimized under the variable control sequence of the LCL‐type GCI mathematical model. Under the premise of achieving direct control of the variables above, this method can reduce the number of weighting coefficients and gradually contract the optimization space to reduce the computation required for multivariable prediction and optimization. This paper compares the proposed MSMPC to the conventional SIMPC and MWMPC in steady state, transient state performance, and anti‐disturbance performance. The effectiveness of the proposed MSMPC is demonstrated through simulation and experimentation.
Polynomial chaos Kalman filter for target tracking applications
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Tiwari Ranjeet Kumar , Bhaumik Shovan , Date Paresh
Published: October 2022

In this paper, an approximate Gaussian state estimator is developed based on generalised polynomial chaos expansion for target tracking applications. Motivated by the fact that calculating conditional moments in an approximate Gaussian filter involves computing integrals with respect to Gaussian density, the authors approximate the non‐linear dynamics using polynomial chaos expansion. Second‐order as well as third‐order polynomial chaos expansions were used for approximate filtering, to derive the necessary recursive algorithm and also provide certain algebraic simplifications which reduce the computational burden without significantly affecting the filtering performance. Two comprehensive numerical experiments for multivariate systems, including one for a multi‐model system, demonstrate the potential of the new algorithms.
HD 60431, the CP2 star with the shortest rotational period
Authors: Mikulášek Z. , Semenko E. , Paunzen E. , Hümmerich S. , North P. L. , Bernhard K. , Krtička J. , Janík J.
Published: October 2022

Context. CP2 stars show periodic photometric, spectroscopic, and magnetic variations with the rotational period. They are generally slow rotators, with rotational periods exceeding half a day, except for the late B-type star HD 60431, which has an unusually short rotational period of 0.4755 days. As slow rotation is deemed a necessary criterion for the establishment of chemical peculiarities, this characteristic renders HD 60431 a special object that might offer valuable insight into, and constraints on, the formation and evolution of CP2 stars.

Aims. The aims of our study are to analyse the light variability, derive atmospheric abundances, and determine the detailed physical parameters of HD 60431 to confirm its status as the CP2 star with the shortest known rotational period, with special emphasis on the rotational period evolution.

Methods. Photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy were employed to derive the physical parameters, evolutionary status, and atmospheric abundances of our target star. A light variability study was carried out using combined sets of photometric data from ground- and space-based facilities. A circularly polarised spectrum was employed to check the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field in the star.

Results. With an age of only 10 Myr, an effective temperature of Teff = 13 000 ± 300 K, surface gravity log g = 4.10 ± 0.10, radius R = 1.97 ± 0.09 R⊙, and mass M = 3.1 ± 0.1 M⊙, HD 60431 is situated close to the zero age main sequence; it is a member of the open cluster NGC 2547 in the Vela OB2 complex. We confirm its status as a classical late B-type CP2 star showing strong overabundances of Mg (1.8 dex), Si (1.9 dex), Ca (1.6 dex), Ti (2.2 dex), and Fe (1.8 dex). No conclusive evidence for the presence of a strong magnetic field was found in the available spectroscopic data. The light curve of HD 60431 has remained constant over the last four decades. The available photometric time series data confirm the short rotational period and indicate a slight secular increase in the rotational period of Ṗ = 2.36(19) × 10−10 = 7.5(6) ms yr−1. The following quadratic ephemeris has been derived: HJDmin(E) = 2 459 212.969 35 + 0. d475 516 64 E + 5. d62 × 10−11E2.

Conclusions. HD 60431 is indeed the CP2 star with the shortest known rotational period. Theory needs to explain the establishment and maintenance of chemical peculiarities in such a young and fast-rotating object. Our results furthermore raise the question of whether period variability on timescales significantly shorter than stellar evolution is inherent to all magnetic chemically peculiar stars.
He-star donor AM CVn stars and their progenitors as LISA sources
Authors: Liu W.-M. , Yungelson L. , Kuranov A.
Published: October 2022

Context. Ultracompact cataclysmic variables (CVs) of the AM CVn type are deemed to be important verification sources for the future space gravitational wave detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).

Aims. We model the present-day Galactic population of AM CVn stars with He-star donors. Such a population has long expected to exist, though only a couple of candidates are known.

Methods. We applied the hybrid method of binary population synthesis (BPS) which combines a simulation of the population of immediate precursors of AM CVn stars by a fast BPS code with subsequent tracking of their evolution by a full evolutionary code.

Results. The model predicts that the present birthrate of He-donor AM CVn stars in the Galaxy is 4.6 × 10−4 yr−1 and the Galaxy may harbour ≃112 000 objects of this class which have orbital periods P ≲ 42 − 43 min. The foreground confusion limit and instrumental noise of LISA prevent the discovery of longer periods systems in gravitational waves. We find that about 500 He-star AM CVns may be detected by LISA with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 5 during a 4 yr mission. Within 1 Kpc from the Sun, there may exist up to 130 He-star AM CVns with the periods in the same range, which may serve as verification binaries, if detected in the electromagnetic spectrum. In the Milky Way, there are also ≃14 800 immediate precursors of AM CVn stars. They are detached systems with a stripped low-mass He-star and a white dwarf companion, out of which about 75 may potentially be observed by LISA during its mission.
Thermo-optical wavefront distortions in Nd:YVO4 laser amplifiers
Authors: Schneewind Merle , Booker Phillip , Iakushev Sergii , Weßels Peter , Willke Benno , Neumann Jörg , Kracht Dietmar
Published: October 2022

The power dependence of a Nd:YVO4 laser amplifier beam wavefront was analyzed by Zernike polynomial decomposition. This analysis was performed experimentally and by simulations based on split-step Fourier propagation showing a good agreement. The simulations yield a base for the design of an aberration compensation system.
Hypnotherapie beim Reizdarmsyndrom
Authors: Bentele Marissa , Stengel Andreas
Published: October 2022

Das Spektrum an therapeutischen Interventionen auf Grundlage des
biopsychosozialen Modells, um den Symptomen eines Reizdarmsyndroms beizukommen
sowie die häufig deutlich reduzierte Lebensqualität der
Betroffenen zu steigern, ist vielfältig. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt
die Hypnotherapie eine psychotherapeutische Intervention mit großer
empirischer Evidenz für deren Wirksamkeit dar.
Disconjugacy of Eye Movements during Attempted Fixation: A Sufficient Marker for Amblyopia?
Authors: Irsch Kristina , Guyton David L. , Geary Robert B. , Tian Jing , Gramatikov Boris I. , Ying Howard S.
Published: October 2022

Background To investigate whether detection of disconjugacy of eye movements during attempted fixation, or interocular position instability, may serve as a single sensitive test for
amblyopia.

Patients/Methods and Material Binocular eye movements were recorded at 500 Hz using the EyeLink 1000 eye tracker (SR Research Ltd., Kanata, Ontario, Canada) and analyzed using
EyeLink software and Matlab (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). Eight subjects (four amblyopes, one successfully treated amblyope, and three non-amblyopes: 7 – 44 years) were asked to fixate on a
stationary cross subtending 0.5° at 57 cm. Interocular position instability was quantified by calculating the minimum area bivariate contour ellipse (BCEA) encompassing 68% of the difference
between right and left eye position points during 20-second viewing epochs. For statistical analysis, BCEA values, as well as visual acuity and stereoacuity, were normalized by base-10
logarithm transformation.

Results The amblyopic subjects with persistent vision loss (one anisometropic, two strabismic, one deprivation; uncorrected visual acuity range 20/60 – 20/300, corrected stereoacuity
range nil-400 arcsec) showed significantly higher interocular position instability (larger 68% BCEAs) than the non-amblyopic subjects (uncorrected visual acuity range 20/20 – 20/800,
corrected stereoacuities of 20 arcsec) and the successfully treated strabismic amblyope (to the 20/20 level of visual acuity and 70 arcsec of stereoacuity) during binocular viewing trials;
p < 0.01. Interocular position stability was strongly correlated with stereoacuity (in that better stereoacuity was associated with lower 68% BCEAs; r = 0.95), but not with visual acuity
(r = 0.20).

Conclusion Interocular position instability appears to differentiate amblyopic from non-amblyopic subjects and appears to improve after successful treatment. Interocular position
instability may therefore prove to be a single sensitive test for the presence of amblyopia. As a difference measure, it is inherently less susceptible to head motion and calibration error,
as well as to conjugate eye motion, and as such is expected to be somewhat immune to latent nystagmus. Interocular position instability may also be useful to guide treatment, especially in
preverbal children, and to assess the efficacy of novel treatments. Further research is required to establish optimal interocular position instability thresholds and to determine how
specific this measure is to amblyopia.