bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The status of the species Lactobacillus rogosae Holdeman and Moore 1974. Request for an Opinion
Authors: Felis Giovanna E. , Torriani Sandra , Dellaglio Franco
Published: September 2004

A brief history of the species Lactobacillus rogosae is presented. It was ascertained that the type strain and other existing strains are not available in any established culture collection; therefore, they cannot be included in any scientific study. This matter is referred to the Judicial Commission, asking for an Opinion on the status of the species.
Classification of the biphenyl- and polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading strain LB400T and relatives as Burkholderia xenovorans sp. nov.
Authors: Goris Johan , De Vos Paul , Caballero-Mellado Jesús , Park Joonhong , Falsen Enevold , Quensen John F. , Tiedje James M. , Vandamme Peter
Published: September 2004

Strain LB400T is the best-studied polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrader. This organism has previously been allocated in the genus Burkholderia, since its 16S rRNA gene sequence shows 98·6 % sequence similarity to the type strains of Burkholderia graminis and Burkholderia terricola. A polyphasic study was undertaken to clarify the actual taxonomic position of this biotechnologically important organism and of two strains, one recovered from a blood culture vial and one from a coffee plant rhizosphere, both of which resembled strain LB400T in their whole-cell protein patterns. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed that the three strains represented a single novel species, for which the name Burkholderia xenovorans sp. nov. is proposed. Strains of this novel species can be differentiated phenotypically from nearly all other Burkholderia species by their inability to assimilate l-arabinose. The whole-cell fatty acid profile of B. xenovorans strains is consistent with their classification in the genus Burkholderia, with 18 : 1ω7c, 16 : 1ω7c, 16 : 0, 14 : 0 3OH, 16 : 0 3OH, 17 : 0 cyclo and 14 : 0 being the most abundant fatty acids. The G+C content of the species varies between 62·4 and 62·9 mol%. The type strain of B. xenovorans is LB400T (=LMG 21463T=CCUG 46959T=NRRL B-18064T).
Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov., a novel n-alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, and emended description of the genus Desulfatibacillum
Authors: Cravo-Laureau Cristiana , Matheron Robert , Joulian Catherine , Cayol Jean-Luc , Hirschler-Réa Agnès
Published: September 2004

An alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain PF2803T, was isolated from oil-polluted sediments (Fos Harbour, France). The cells were found to be Gram-negative, non-sporulating, non-motile and to have a slightly curved rod shape. Optimum growth occurred at 1 % (w/v) NaCl, pH 6·8 and 28–30 °C. Strain PF2803T oxidized alkenes (from C8 to C23). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57·8 mol% (HPLC). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, strain PF2803T belongs to the family ‘Desulfobacteraceae’ in the class ‘Deltaproteobacteria’, with Desulfatibacillum aliphaticivorans as its closest relative (99·6 % identity). Comparative sequence analyses of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) gene supported the affiliation of strain PF2803T to the genus Desulfatibacillum. DNA–DNA hybridization with its closest taxon demonstrated 48·4 % similarity. On the basis of the results of physiological and genetic analyses, strain PF2803T is identified as a novel species of the genus Desulfatibacillum, for which the name Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PF2803T (=DSM 16219T=ATCC BAA-924T).
Enterococcus hermanniensis sp. nov., from modified-atmosphere-packaged broiler meat and canine tonsils
Authors: Koort Joanna , Coenye Tom , Vandamme Peter , Sukura Antti , Björkroth Johanna
Published: September 2004

Isolates 302, 334, 356, 377 and 379, detected in modified-atmosphere-packaged broiler meat, together with strains LMG 12317T and LMG 13617, detected in dog tonsils, were analysed in a polyphasic taxonomy study, including numerical analysis of ribopatterns and whole-cell protein patterns, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization and determination of some phenotypic properties. The results indicated that these isolates represent a novel species in the genus Enterococcus. The isolates showed classical phenotypic reactions for the genus Enterococcus with the exception of not possessing the Lancefield group D antigen. Isolates 334, LMG 12317T and LMG 13617 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98·3–99·0 %) to the Enterococcus pallens type strain. In the distance matrix tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the three isolates were located in the Enterococcus avium group with E. pallens as their closest phylogenetic neighbour. Numerical analyses of whole-cell protein patterns and HindIII/EcoRI ribotypes placed all seven isolates together in a single cluster separated from the E. avium group reference strains. The DNA–DNA hybridization level between strains 334 and LMG 12317T was 93·5 %, confirming that they represent the same species. Low hybridization levels (12–30 %) were, by contrast, obtained with the E. pallens and Enterococcus raffinosus type strains. The name Enterococcus hermanniensis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain LMG 12317T (=CCUG 48100T) as the type strain.
Taxonomic heterogeneity within the Planctomycetales as derived by DNA–DNA hybridization, description of Rhodopirellula baltica gen. nov., sp. nov., transfer of Pirellula marina to the genus Blastopirellula gen. nov. as Blastopirellula marina comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Pirellula
Authors: Schlesner Heinz , Rensmann Christina , Tindall Brian J. , Gade Dörte , Rabus Ralf , Pfeiffer Stefan , Hirsch Peter
Published: September 2004

Ninety-seven strains of budding bacteria originating from various aquatic habitats and morphologically resembling planctomycetes were investigated taxonomically. Taxonomic differentiation was based on DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological properties and chemotaxonomic tests. Nineteen hybridization groups, containing 79 of the tested strains, were established. Eighteen strains, however, did not fit into any of these groups. Rhodopirellula baltica gen. nov., sp. nov. is described, with strain SH 1T (=IFAM 1310T=DSM 10527T=NCIMB 13988T) as the type strain. Pirellula marina is transferred to the genus Blastopirellula gen. nov. as Blastopirellula marina comb. nov., with strain SH 106T (=IFAM 1313T=DSM 3645T=ATCC 49069T) as the type strain. An emended description of the genus Pirellula is also provided. Differentiation between R. baltica, B. marina and Pirellula staleyi was achieved by the integration of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genetic characteristics.
Halomonas organivorans sp. nov., a moderate halophile able to degrade aromatic compounds
Authors: García María Teresa , Mellado Encarnación , Ostos Juan Carlos , Ventosa Antonio
Published: September 2004

A group of moderately halophilic bacteria able to degrade aromatic organic compounds contaminating hypersaline habitats in southern Spain have been isolated and characterized. The taxonomic position of these strains was determined using phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic methods. The G+C content of their DNA ranged from 61·0 to 62·9 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed that they constitute a genospecies, having DNA–DNA hybridization values of 90–100 %. Analysis of the complete 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed a high level of similarity with members of the genus Halomonas, sharing 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Halomonas salina and Halomonas halophila. However, phenotypic differences and the low level of DNA–DNA hybridization suggest the placement of these strains as a novel species within the genus Halomonas. The name Halomonas organivorans sp. nov. is proposed, with strain G-16.1T (=CECT 5995T=CCM 7142T) as the type strain. This novel species of Halomonas is characterized by its ability to use a wide range of organic compounds (benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, phenylacetic acid, phenylpropionic acid, phenol, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid), and it could be useful for the decontamination of polluted saline habitats.
Glaciecola polaris sp. nov., a novel budding and prosthecate bacterium from the Arctic Ocean, and emended description of the genus Glaciecola
Authors: Van Trappen Stefanie , Tan Tjhing-Lok , Yang Jifang , Mergaert Joris , Swings Jean
Published: September 2004

Four strains of cold-adapted, strictly aerobic and facultative oligotrophic bacteria were isolated from polar seas and investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Two strains (LMG 21857T and LMG 21854) derive from Arctic sea water whereas the other two strains (LMG 21855 and LMG 21858) were isolated from Antarctic sea water. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belong to the γ-subclass of the Proteobacteria and are related to the genus Glaciecola, with 98·0–99·7 % sequence similarity to Glaciecola mesophila and 94·2–95·3 % sequence similarity to Glaciecola punicea, their nearest phylogenetic neighbours. Two strains (LMG 21855 and LMG 21858) were identified as G. mesophila, whereas DNA–DNA hybridization results and differences in phenotypic characteristics showed that the other two strains (LMG 21857T and LMG 21854) constitute a novel species within the genus Glaciecola, with a DNA G+C content of 44·0 mol%. The isolates are Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, motile, rod-shaped cells that are psychrotolerant and moderately halophilic. Buds can be produced on mother cells and on prosthecae. Branch formation of prosthecae occurs. Whole-cell fatty acid profiles of the isolates are very similar and include C16 : 0 and C16 : 1
ω7c as the major fatty acid components. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic properties, a novel species of the genus Glaciecola is described, for which the name Glaciecola polaris sp. nov. is proposed, with isolate LMG 21857T (=CIP 108324T=ARK 150T) as the type strain. An emended description of the genus Glaciecola is presented.
Nocardiopsis salina sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete isolated from saline soil in China
Authors: Li Wen-Jun , Park Dong-Jin , Tang Shu-Kun , Wang Dong , Lee Jae-Chan , Xu Li-Hua , Kim Chang-Jin , Jiang Cheng-Lin
Published: September 2004

A moderately halophilic actinomycete strain, designated YIM 90010T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a hypersaline habitat in Xinjiang Province, China, and then investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strain produced abundant aerial mycelia and fragmented substrate mycelia on most media tested; the optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 10 % (w/v) and the optimum growth temperature and pH were 28 °C and 7·2, respectively. Chemotaxonomically and phylogenetically, the strain was related to members of the genusNocardiopsis. The isolate contained chemotaxonomic markers that were diagnostic for the genusNocardiopsis, i.e.meso-diaminopimelic acid, no diagnostic sugars, and MK-10(H6), MK-10(H8) and MK-12 as the predominant menaquinones. The major fatty acids were iso- and anteiso-branched acids combined with tuberculostearic acid (Me C18 : 0), straight-chain saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. The G+C content was 73·1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that strain YIM 90010Twas a member of the genusNocardiopsisand most closely related toNocardiopsis kunsanensis(97·6 % similarity) andNocardiopsis xinjiangensis(98·1 % similarity). It can be differentiated from these species by using phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization results. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence, a novel species,Nocardiopsis salinasp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the species is YIM 90010T(=KCTC 19003T=CCTCC AA 204009T).
Clostridium jejuense sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Jeong Hyunyoung , Yi Hana , Sekiguchi Yuji , Muramatsu Mizuho , Kamagata Yoichi , Chun Jongsik
Published: September 2004

A strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain HY-35-12T, was isolated from a soil sample in Jeju, Korea. Cells of this isolate were Gram-positive, motile rods that formed oval to spherical terminal spores. Strain HY-35-12T grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 7·0 and 0–0·5 % (w/v) NaCl. The isolate produced pyruvate, lactate, acetate, formate and hydrogen as fermentation end products from glucose. The G+C content of DNA of the isolate was 41 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism formed a monophyletic clade with Clostridium xylanovorans and Clostridium aminovalericum in cluster XIVa of the genus Clostridium. The closest phylogenetic neighbour was C. xylanovorans, with 96·65 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Several physiological and chemotaxonomic properties were identified that enable strain HY-35-12T to be distinguished from phylogenetically related clostridia. On the basis of polyphasic characteristics, it is proposed that strain HY-35-12T (=IMSNU 40003T=KCTC 5026T=DSM 15929T) represents a novel species, Clostridium jejuense sp. nov.
Candida bombiphila sp. nov., a new asexual yeast species in the Wickerhamiella clade
Authors: Brysch-Herzberg Michael , Lachance Marc-André
Published: September 2004

Two yeast strains were isolated from a bumblebee and bumblebee honey. The strains were almost identical in their D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit rDNA and their physiological abilities. In both respects the strains resembled Wickerhamiella domercqiae. On the basis of these data, it is proposed that the strains represent a novel species with the name Candida bombiphila sp. nov. The type strain is CBS 9712T (=NRRL Y-27640T=MH268T).
Brevibacterium picturae sp. nov., isolated from a damaged mural painting at the Saint-Catherine chapel (Castle Herberstein, Austria)
Authors: Heyrman Jeroen , Verbeeren Jens , Schumann Peter , Devos Joke , Swings Jean , De Vos Paul
Published: September 2004

Three strains showing highly similar (GTG)5-PCR patterns were isolated from a heavily damaged mural painting at the Saint-Catherine chapel (Castle Herberstein, Austria). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the strains were attributed to Brevibacterium, with Brevibacterium casei (96·7 %), Brevibacterium iodinum (96·7 %) and Brevibacterium linens (96·6 %) as the closest related species. Chemotaxonomic data [peptidoglycan contains meso-diaminopimelic acid; mycolic acids absent; MK-8(H2) as the major menaquinone; polar lipids phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol present; anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as major fatty acids] supported the affiliation of the strains to the genus Brevibacterium. Additional physiological and biochemical tests confirmed the taxonomic position of the strains and allowed phenotypic differentiation from Brevibacterium species with validly published names. The isolates from the mural painting, therefore, represent a novel species, for which the name Brevibacterium picturae sp. nov. is proposed, with LMG 22061T (=DSM 16132T) as the type strain.
Marinobacter flavimaris sp. nov. and Marinobacter daepoensis sp. nov., slightly halophilic organisms isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea
Authors: Yoon Jung-Hoon , Yeo Soo-Hwan , Kim In-Gi , Oh Tae-Kwang
Published: September 2004

Two Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and slightly halophilic rods (strains SW-145T and SW-156T) were isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea. Strains SW-145T and SW-156T grew optimally at 37 and 30–37 °C, respectively, and in the presence of 2–6 % (w/v) NaCl. Strains SW-145T and SW-156T were chemotaxonomically characterized as having ubiquinone-9 as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9c, C16 : 1
ω9c and C12 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-145T and SW-156T were 58 and 57 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains SW-145T and SW-156T fell within the evolutionary radiation enclosed by the genus Marinobacter. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains SW-145T and SW-156T were 94·8 % similar. Strains SW-145T and SW-156T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 94·3–98·1 and 95·4–97·7 %, respectively, with respect to the type strains of all Marinobacter species. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness, together with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values, indicated that strains SW-145T and SW-156T are members of two species that are distinct from seven Marinobacter species with validly published names. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic and genotypic distinctiveness, strains SW-145T (=KCTC 12185T=DSM 16070T) and SW-156T (=KCTC 12184T=DSM 16072T) should be placed in the genus Marinobacter as the type strains of two distinct novel species, for which the names Marinobacter flavimaris sp. nov. and Marinobacter daepoensis sp. nov. are proposed.
Metschnikowia chrysoperlae sp. nov., Candida picachoensis sp. nov. and Candida pimensis sp. nov., isolated from the green lacewings Chrysoperla comanche and Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Authors: Suh Sung-Oui , Gibson Cara M. , Blackwell Meredith
Published: September 2004

Fourteen yeast isolates comprising three taxa were cultured from digestive tracts of adult Chrysoperla species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and their eggs. The yeast taxa were distinguished based on an estimated molecular phylogeny, DNA sequences and traditional taxonomic criteria. The new yeasts are closely related to Metschnikowia pulcherrima but are sufficiently distinguished by sequence comparison of rRNA gene sequences to consider them as novel species. Here, three novel species are described and their relationships with other taxa in the Saccharomycetes are discussed. Metschnikowia chrysoperlae sp. nov. (type strain, NRRL Y-27615T=CBS 9803T) produced needle-shaped ascospores and was the only teleomorph found. Large numbers of chlamydospores similar to those observed in M. pulcherrima were also produced. The other two novel species are asexual yeasts, Candida picachoensis sp. nov. (type strain, NRRL Y-27607T=CBS 9804T) and Candida pimensis sp. nov. (type strain, NRRL Y-27619T=CBS 9805T), sister taxa of M. chrysoperlae and M. pulcherrima. A specialized relationship between yeasts and lacewing hosts may exist, because the yeasts were isolated consistently from lacewings only. Although M. chrysoperlae was isolated from eggs and adult lacewings, suggesting the possibility of vertical transmission, no yeast was isolated from larvae.
Kangiella koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Kangiella aquimarina sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea in Korea
Authors: Yoon Jung-Hoon , Oh Tae-Kwang , Park Yong-Ha
Published: September 2004

Two Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped organisms, strains SW-125Tand SW-154T, were isolated from tidal flat sediment of the Yellow Sea in Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strains SW-125Tand SW-154Tgrew optimally at 30–37 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. They contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and iso-C15 : 0as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-125Tand SW-154Twere 44 mol%. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the two strains form deep evolutionary lineages of descent within theγ-Proteobacteria. Strains SW-125Tand SW-154Texhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of less than 90 % to members of theγ-Proteobacteriaused in this analysis. Strains SW-125Tand SW-154Tshowed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity level of 98·5 % and a mean DNA–DNA relatedness level of 9·4 %. Therefore, on the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic data, a new genus,Kangiellagen. nov., is proposed to accommodate the novel strains, comprising two novel species,Kangiella koreensissp. nov. (type strain, SW-125T=KCTC 12182T=DSM 16069T) andKangiella aquimarinasp. nov. (type strain, SW-154T=KCTC 12183T=DSM 16071T).
Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. melibiosus is a later synonym of Lactobacillus sakei subsp. carnosus
Authors: Koort Joanna , Vandamme Peter , Schillinger Ulrich , Holzapfel Wilhelm , Björkroth Johanna
Published: September 2004

On the basis of phenotypic and DNA–DNA reassociation studies, strain CCUG 34545T has been considered to represent a distinct Lactobacillus curvatus subspecies, Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. melibiosus. However, in several independent studies dealing with Lactobacillus sakei and L. curvatus strains, the subspecies division of L. curvatus has been found to be controversial. The original study distinguishing the two subspecies within both L. curvatus and L. sakei also lacked 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. Therefore, the taxonomic position of L. curvatus subsp. melibiosus CCUG 34545T was re-evaluated in a polyphasic taxonomy study that included 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA–DNA reassociation, DNA G+C content determination, numerical analysis of ribotypes and whole-cell protein patterns and the examination of some fundamental phenotypic properties. The results obtained indicate that strain CCUG 34545T and its duplicate, CCUG 41580T, are Lactobacillus sakei subsp. carnosus strains and that L. curvatus subsp. melibiosus is a later synonym of L. sakei subsp. carnosus.
Salipiger mucescens gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from hypersaline soil, belonging to the α-Proteobacteria
Authors: Martínez-Cánovas M. José , Quesada Emilia , Martínez-Checa Fernando , Moral Ana del , Béjar Victoria
Published: September 2004

Salipiger mucescens gen. nov., sp. nov. is a moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing, Gram-negative rod isolated from a hypersaline habitat in Murcia in south-eastern Spain. The bacterium is chemoheterotrophic and strictly aerobic (i.e. unable to grow under anaerobic conditions either by fermentation or by nitrate or fumarate respiration). It does not synthesize bacteriochlorophyll a. Catalase and phosphatase are positive. It does not produce acids from carbohydrates. It cannot grow with carbohydrates or amino acids as sole sources of carbon and energy. It grows best at 9–10 % w/v NaCl and requires the presence of Na+ but not Mg2+ or K+, although they do stimulate its growth somewhat when present. Its major fatty-acid component is 18 : 1ω7c (78·0 %). The predominant respiratory lipoquinone found in strain A3T is ubiquinone with ten isoprene units. The G+C content is 64·5 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses strongly indicate that this strain forms a distinct line within a clade containing the genus Roseivivax in the subclass α-Proteobacteria. The similarity value with Roseivivax halodurans and Roseivivax halotolerans is 94 %. In the light of the polyphasic evidence gathered in this study it is proposed that the isolate be classified as representing a new genus and species, Salipiger mucescens gen. nov., sp. nov. The proposed type strain is strain A3T (=CECT 5855T=LMG 22090T=DSM 16094T).
Hongiella marincola sp. nov., isolated from sea water of the East Sea in Korea
Authors: Yoon Jung-Hoon , Yeo Soo-Hwan , Oh Tae-Kwang
Published: September 2004

Two Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped strains, SW-2T and SW-26, were isolated from sea water of the East Sea in Korea. These organisms grew optimally at 37 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. They did not grow without NaCl or in the presence of >9 % (w/v) NaCl. Strains SW-2T and SW-26 were characterized chemotaxonomically as having MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content of strains SW-2T and SW-26 was 43 mol%. A neighbour-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains SW-2T and SW-26 fell within the Cytophaga–Flavobacterium–Bacteroides group and formed a coherent cluster with Hongiella species. Strains SW-2T and SW-26 showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 99·9 % and a mean DNA–DNA relatedness level of 87 % to each other. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains SW-2T and SW-26 and the type strains of two Hongiella species ranged from 94·2 to 96·6 %. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strains SW-2T and SW-26 should be placed in the genus Hongiella as members of a novel species, for which the name Hongiella marincola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SW-2T (=KCTC 12180T=DSM 16067T).
Idiomarina fontislapidosi sp. nov. and Idiomarina ramblicola sp. nov., isolated from inland hypersaline habitats in Spain
Authors: Martínez-Cánovas M. José , Béjar Victoria , Martínez-Checa Fernando , Páez Rafael , Quesada Emilia
Published: September 2004

Two bacterial strains, F23T and R22T, have been isolated from hypersaline habitats in Málaga (S. Spain) and Murcia (E. Spain). The novel strains, similar to previously described Idiomarina species, are slightly curved rods, Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic, strictly aerobic and motile by a single polar flagellum. Both strains produce catalase and oxidase. They hydrolyse aesculin, gelatin, casein, Tween 20, Tween 80 and DNA but not starch or tyrosine. The strains differ from the hitherto described Idiomarina species in their capacity to produce extracellular polysaccharides and their different patterns of carbon sources and antimicrobial susceptibility. They are moderate halophiles capable of growing in NaCl concentrations of 0·5 to 25 % w/v, the optimum being 3–5 % w/v. Cellular fatty acids are predominantly iso-branched. The main fatty acids in strain FP23T are 15 : 0 iso (26·75 %), 16 : 1ω7c (11·33 %) and 16 : 0 (11·73 %) whilst 15 : 0 iso (24·69 %), 17 : 0 iso (12·92 %) and 17 : 1ω9c (11·03 %) are predominant in strain R22T. The DNA G+C composition is 46·0 mol% in strain FP23T and 48·7 mol% in strain R22T. Phylogenetic analyses indicate conclusively that the two strains belong to the genus Idiomarina. DNA–DNA hybridization revealed that they represent novel species. In the light of the polyphasic evidence accumulated in this study, it is proposed that they be classified as novel species of the genus Idiomarina, with the names Idiomarina fontislapidosi sp. nov. (type strain F23T=CECT 5859T=LMG 22169T) and Idiomarina ramblicola sp. nov. (type strain R22T=CECT 5858T=LMG 22170T).
Molecular analysis of artisanal Italian cheeses reveals Enterococcus italicus sp. nov.
Authors: Fortina M. Grazia , Ricci G. , Mora D. , Manachini P. L.
Published: September 2004

The taxonomic positions of seven atypicalEnterococcusstrains, isolated from artisanal Italian cheeses, were investigated in a polyphasic study. By using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA–DNA hybridization and intergenic transcribed spacer analysis, as well as by examining the phenotypic properties, the novel isolates were shown to constitute a novel enterococcal species. Their closest relatives areEnterococcus sulfureusandEnterococcus saccharolyticus, having a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96·7 %. This group of strains can be easily differentiated from the otherEnterococcusspecies by DNA–DNA hybridization and by their phenotypic characteristics: the strains do not grow in 6·5 % NaCl, and they do not produce acid froml-arabinose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose or ribose. The nameEnterococcus italicussp. nov. is proposed for this species, with strain DSM 15952T(=LMG 22039T) as the type strain.
Sympodiomyces attinorum sp. nov., a yeast species associated with nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens
Authors: Carreiro Solange C. , Pagnocca Fernando C. , Bacci Maurício , Lachance Marc-André , Bueno Odair C. , Hebling Maria José A. , Ruivo Carla C. C. , Rosa Carlos A.
Published: September 2004

Four strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from laboratory nests of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens in Brazil. Three strains were found in older sponges and one was in a waste deposit in the ant nests. Sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the large-subunit rRNA gene showed that the novel species, named Sympodiomyces attinorum sp. nov., is phylogenetically related to Sympodiomyces parvus. Unlike Sympodiomyces parvus, Sympodiomyces attinorum can ferment glucose, assimilate methyl α-d-glucoside, salicin and citrate, and grow at 37 °C, thus enabling these two species to be distinguished. Differentiation from other related species is possible on the basis of other growth characteristics. The type strain of Sympodiomyces attinorum is UNESP-S156T (=CBS 9734T=NRRL Y-27639T).
Halorubrum xinjiangense sp. nov., a novel halophile isolated from saline lakes in China
Authors: Feng Jie , Zhou Pei-Jin , Liu Shuang-Jiang
Published: September 2004

A novel halophilic archaeon, strain BD-1T, was isolated from Xiao-Er-Kule Lake in Xinjiang, China. The taxonomy of strain BD-1T was studied by polyphasic methods. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain BD-1T was phylogenetically related to Halorubrum trapanicum (98·4 %), Halorubrum sodomense (98·0 %), Halorubrum distributum (97·8 %) and Halorubrum coriense (97·3 %). Strain BD-1T is able to grow at 10 °C and further differs physiologically from the above species in the assimilation of sugars. The G+C content of DNA is 68·0 % (T
m). The DNA–DNA relatedness values to Hrr. trapanicum and Hrr. distributum are 47 and 24 %, respectively. It is concluded that strain BD-1T represents a novel species of the genus Halorubrum, for which the name Halorubrum xinjiangense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BD-1T (=AS 1.3527T=JCM 12388T).
Ultrastructure and phylogenetic analysis of ‘Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' in the family Anaplasmataceae, isolated from wild rats and found in Ixodes ovatus ticks
Authors: Kawahara Makoto , Rikihisa Yasuko , Isogai Emiko , Takahashi Mamoru , Misumi Hitoko , Suto Chiharu , Shibata Shinichiro , Zhang Chunbin , Tsuji Masayoshi
Published: September 2004

A novel bacterium that infects laboratory rats was isolated from wild Rattus norvegicus rats in Japan. Transmission electron microscopy of the spleen tissue revealed small cocci surrounded by an inner membrane and a thin, rippled outer membrane in a membrane-bound inclusion within the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the bacterium found in R. norvegicus rats and Ixodes ovatus ticks in Japan revealed that the organism represents a novel clade in the family Anaplasmataceae, which includes the Schotti variant found in Ixodes ricinus ticks in the Netherlands and the Ehrlichia-like Rattus strain found in R. norvegicus rats from China. The novel clade was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of groESL sequences found in R. norvegicus rats and Ixodes ovatus ticks in Japan. No serological cross-reactivity was detected between this bacterium and members of the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia or Neorickettsia in the family Anaplasmataceae. It is proposed that this new cluster of bacteria should be designated ‘Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis’.
Preserving the Eternal Values of the Research Library in a
Throwaway Age
Authors: Line Maurice B.
Published: September 2004

The historical role of the research library was to accumulate
recorded knowledge in order to serve future as well as present needs.
This has been severely affected by the growth in scholarly publishing,
especially in science, greatly increased numbers of users, and
relatively reduced funding. Other influencing factors are the emphasis
on short‐term gains, the constant search for novelty, and social
obsolescence. University libraries, struggling to maintain basic
services, have to prove cost‐effectiveness, to try to earn money, and in
general to be more narrowly functional; their staff need to reflect this
change. Ways of continuing to serve eternal values include centres of
excellence and co‐operative acquisition and preservation, but these
alone are unlikely to provide a solution. It has to be recognised that
most university libraries cannot aim at “eternal”
collections, but service to education is also an eternal value.
Before and after Atkinson: University Libraries as a
National Resource
Authors: Mowat Ian R.M.
Published: September 2004

The main documents governing university library collection policies
are surveyed and their effects on those policies assessed. The
relationship between the transfers of departments and staff from one
institution to another, and the transfer of related book stocks, is
examined and the practical difficulties encountered are discussed.
Creation of the ″Myco″ Database: Directory of Asian
Mycorrhizologists
Authors: Kar Debal C.
Published: September 2004

The use of the software package mini‐micro CDS/ISIS for the
creation of the “Myco Database” is discussed. The design,
development of the database and sorting of records are described step by
step. Details of the print format and sample printout of the printed
version of the directory are given.
Preservation and Scholarship in Libraries
Authors: Ratcliffe F.W.
Published: September 2004

The technological and other changes affecting research libraries in
recent decades are reviewed in relation to the book and its
conservation, and to once traditional book‐centred librarians. The
status of the scholar librarian and book conservation are considered in
the light of those changes and with regard to present day requirements
for the management of library services.
Who Wins – the Architect or the Librarian? Academic
Library Building in Britain 1984‐1989
Authors: Rodger Elizabeth M.
Published: September 2004

The architectural design of 27 new academic libraries has been
examined in detail. Conclusions and recommendations are presented,
covering: the planning process; exterior design and construction;
interior design and fittings. It is concluded that a mutual educational
process between architects and librarians has led to many useful lessons
being learned and successful academic library buildings being provided.
New Professionals – Training for the Present and the
Future
Authors: Coutts Margaret M.
Published: September 2004

The role and expectations of new professional assistants in
academic libraries are explored. A special balance and a specific
emphasis are needed in this formative period, to give new recruits the
full breadth of knowledge and skills required in the short term and
provide the basis for continued training in the future
In‐house (Locally Generated) Subject Indexes Mounted on
Academic Library OPACs
Authors: Crawford John C. , Powles John A.
Published: September 2004

The results of a further survey of academic library OPAC subject
indexing practices are presented. These results are discussed in
relation to a high reported demand for subject searching facilities, and
strategies presently adopted by various libraries examined. The further
possibilities of local OPAC subject indexing are discussed.
Prospects for New Information Technology in Nigerian
Libraries
Authors: Dien Ekpenyong Georgina
Published: September 2004

The importance of information for national development is
highlighted, and the desire of many libraries in Nigeria to automate
their services is explained. The problems being faced by libraries in
Nigeria in this process are discussed and suggestions are offered which
might help to make their plans a reality despite economic constraints.
Master′s Degree in Library and Information Science through
Open Learning: Case Study of the University of Madras
Authors: Ramesh Babu B. , Gangadhara Rao P.
Published: September 2004

Trends in education for library and information science are traced
and the genesis of an open learning project for library and information
science in the University of Madras is presented. This was the
introduction of the first master′s programme of this kind in India. The
planning, organisation, student enrolment, preparation of study
materials and conduct of a personal contact programme are explained. The
results of the first batch of students (1989/90) are analysed.
Different Schools of Management Thought in Libraries in
Tamil Nadu
Authors: Srinath Manorama
Published: September 2004

The extent to which the various schools of management thought are
applicable in the management styles adopted in university libraries in
Tamil Nadu is examined. It is concluded that these libraries are ideal
bureaucracies and that they lead to a closed “mechanistic
climate” which does not provide a healthy environment. Authorities
are therefore urged to change their attitude to management style in
these university libraries to create an “organismic climate”
by adopting new management techniques.
The Appropriate Library
Authors: Simpson D.J.
Published: September 2004

The aims and intentions of the founders, funders, managers and
keepers of libraries are reflected on and compared with the hopes and
wishes of readers and other library users.
Information Legislation in an African Nation
Authors: Ocholla Dennis N.
Published: September 2004

The status and development of information legislation in Kenya is
discussed, with particular focus on legislation affecting information
flow in libraries and information centres. The purpose of information
legislation is outlined. The importance of information legislation in
developing countries is considered in relation to its role in guiding,
regulating and controlling the use of information and information
resources within a society whether or not there is a national
information policy.
Training in Interpersonal Skills for Librarians and
Information Workers
Authors: Odini Cephas
Published: September 2004

Interpersonal skills in the management of libraries and information
organisations are increasingly important, as is the need for adequate
training in this area. Training methods are discussed which might be
used to improve the interpersonal skills of librarians and information
workers. Factors which might inhibit or encourage individuals from
transferring their learning from training to work are also outlined.
Research and Publication Requirements in Nigerian
University Libraries
Authors: Ogunrombi S.A.
Published: September 2004

A questionnaire survey of Nigerian university libraries was
conducted to determine the significance of research and publication for
promotion. Of the 20 responding libraries, almost all (16 or 80 per
cent) accorded their professional librarians faculty status and the
enjoyment of the rights, privileges and responsibilities accruing to the
teaching academic staff. Only 11 libraries (55 per cent) indicated that
both subject field publication and publications in library/information
science are rated equally. Of these, four confirmed that the question of
the rating of subject publications had been an issue. It is recommended
that both the Nigerian Library Association and the Committee of
University Librarians should come up with a national policy on
publication requirements for college and university libraries.
Adult Education in Nigeria: What Role Has the Library?
Authors: Oke Olufunso
Published: September 2004

The meaning of and requirement for adult education in Nigeria are
examined. The shortcomings of current adult literacy programmes are
indicated and the role of libraries in Nigeria in consolidating and
sustaining literacy skills in relation to adult education campaigns is
discussed.
Administrative Problems Affecting Newspaper Collection
Management in Nigerian Libraries
Authors: Okorafor E.E.
Published: September 2004

The following problems affecting newspaper collection management in
Nigerian libraries are identified and discussed: publishing and
distribution; misconception of the role of libraries; ineffectiveness of
the Nigerian Library Association; position of libraries in their parent
institutions; laymen′s control over libraries; position of newspapers in
libraries; absence of newspaper departments; inadequate staffing;
selection criteria; inadequate powers of librarians; inadequate
preservation and storage facilities; neglect by library schools;
ineffective bibliographic control; and absence of a professional body.
Constraints on Interlibrary Co‐operation of Academic and
Research Libraries: A Case Study of Five Libraries in the Ibadan
Metropolitan Area, Nigeria
Authors: Faniran A.
Published: September 2004

The benefits of interlibrary co‐operation are considered,
especially in the context of developing countries. The history of
library co‐operation schemes throughout the world is briefly described.
The constraints on interlibrary co‐operation are also considered. A
survey of academic and research libraries in the Ibadan area is reported
and a possible initial co‐operation scheme outlined.
An Exploration of Students′ Library Use Problems
Authors: Andrews Judith
Published: September 2004

The use of critical incident technique to highlight problems of
student library use at Manchester Polytechnic Library is described. The
basic premise of the research was that students′ self‐sufficiency could
not be increased until these problems were more fully understood.
Critical incident technique uses broad prompts to allow the subjects to
describe a specific incident, thereby providing a clear picture of the
actual problem. The resulting interviews revealed a wide spectrum of
problems, ranging from the use of the catalogue and difficulties
locating books to the reluctance of students to ask for help and a
phenomenon identified as library anxiety.
The Baikie Library at Tankerness House Museum, Kirkwall,
Orkney
Authors: Armstrong Katherine A.
Published: September 2004

The establishment of a library by Robert Baikie in late
18th‐century Kirkwall is examined and the library′s subsequent history
and current preservation outlined. The contents of the library are
assessed in their contemporary cultural and social background.
Library Use by Final Year Undergraduates under Stringent
Conditions
Authors: Aziagba Philip C.
Published: September 2004

The problems caused by under‐funding of library services in
Nigerian institutions of higher education are outlined. A survey is
reported of undergraduates′ experiences in searching for information.
The range of other sources used by students for information due to their
inability to find necessary materials in the library is indicated. Also
surveyed is how useful the available information has been to
undergraduates. The effect of lack of finance on research efforts,
particularly inter‐library loans, is also reported.
Kinds of Knowledge
Authors: Hannabuss Stuart
Published: September 2004

A contrast is made between academic knowledge (or theory) and
street knowledge (or praxis). These kinds of knowledge are represented
in relation to each other, and a further dimension, knowledge of
knowledge (or meta‐knowledge), is added to a model intended to represent
interactions between all three. It is argued that knowledge of these
three kinds of knowledge helps those involved in providing information
services, and those investigating the sociology of language.
Subject‐Divisional Organisation: The Standard Still Flies
Authors: Heaney Henry
Published: September 2004

The staff structure at Glasgow University Library inherited after
R.O. MacKenna′s retirement in 1978 is described. Taking into account
automation, information access, research working patterns and changes in
management technique, future developments in staff structure are
envisioned, with particular reference to Glasgow′s special collections
department.
The Librarians of Glasgow University over 350 Years:
1641‐1991
Authors: Hoare Peter
Published: September 2004

The Librarians of Glasgow University since 1641 are identified, and
their periods of office summarised and assessed as far as information
allows. The terms of appointment in early years and pattern of town and
university alternating nominations are outlined, and the gradual
development of the post into that of a professional librarian in the
twentieth century is illustrated.
Size and Efficiency in Public Library Provision: A Review
of the Arguments
Authors: Midwinter Arthur , McVicar Murray
Published: September 2004

Reviews the history of political and professional debates on the
optimum size of public library authorities in the UK. Discusses
conclusions on size in the major legislation and reports on public
library policy prior to local government reorganization in 1974.
Considers the effects of the 1974 local government reorganization and
examines the subsequent continuing debate. Concludes that in the light
of further impending modification of the UK local government system,
further research is required into the structure and size of a public
library service.
Incorporating and Instructing Dow Jones News/ Retrieval in
an Academic Setting
Authors: Svenningsen Karen
Published: September 2004

Describes the introduction of the electronic database Dow Jones
News/Retrieval (DJN/R) as a teaching tool in the library of the
College of Staten Island, City University of New York. Discusses the
nature of the database service, its price structure and the reasons for
its selection. The anticipated educational benefits are detailed and an
initial estimate indicates its considerable benefit to students and
staff.
Librarians′ Attitudes towards Theft and Mutilation of
Library Materials in Academic Libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Ayanrinola Adewoye Alice
Published: September 2004

Considers theft and mutilation of items of library stock in the
light of their common occurrence, particularly among students. Discusses
the attitudes of library staff in Nigeria to these problems from the
results of a literature and questionnaire survey.
Bilingual and Multilingual Education in Nigeria:
Authors: Olujide Ajidahun Clement
Published: September 2004

The Nigerian national policy on education emphasizes the use of
mother tongues both as media of instruction and as school subjects in
the curriculum. Considers these educational language objectives in
relation to the lack of human and material resources to support them.
Offers suggestions which might help enhance the success of the policies.
The Code and the Catalogue: A Return to Compatibility
Authors: Brunt Rodney M.
Published: September 2004

Considers relevance of AACR to on‐line library catalogues. Surveys
the history of cataloguing rules in relation to the code′s relevance in
the state of librarianship at the time. Stresses the need for a code
taking account of the actual and potential benefit of computerized
catalogues and discusses various relevant aspects.
Library Cataloguing: Relevance to Modern Library Users
Authors: arap Tanui Tirong
Published: September 2004

Reviews the role of libraries and of cataloguing within modern
libraries in the light of research findings, automation and other
changes. Stresses user needs and subject access.
The Librarian as Manager of an Academic Library
Authors: Ifidon Sam E.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the role of the librarian as manager of an academic
library. Compares the nature of library management with that of business
management and considers the specific factors of academic library
management: personnel, facilities and finance. Discusses survival
strategies and academic library management in times of economic
recession.
Library Orientation: A Workable Alternative?
Authors: Carpmael Cathy , Morgan Steve , Nichols Jan
Published: September 2004

Library orientation in Bristol Polytechnic was reappraised and the
decision taken to develop a workbook as a potential alternative to the
library induction tour and evaluate its effectiveness. Describes the
project and the workbook. Outlines its implementation and evaluation and
analyses the educational benefits of the workbook approach.
The Application of Counselling Concepts to Interviewing in
Reference Services
Authors: Afolabi Michael
Published: September 2004

Identifies concepts adopted in interviewing clients during
counselling. Explains their use in counselling and discusses their
application to interviewing enquiries by reference librarians or
information specialists. The concepts considered are: empathy, respect,
concreteness, genuineness, immediacy, positive regard, understanding,
unconditional regard, congruence and confrontation. Stresses the
importance of establishing the correct relationship throughout the
reference interview.
Statistics at Work in the Library
Authors: Hannabuss Stuart
Published: September 2004

Statistics in libraries are commonplace, but they are usually
enumerative and not statistically analysed. Demonstrates three practical
applications of statistical analysis: using correlation with data about
overdue and loan periods, significance testing of issue figures, and
regression with age and use of documents.