bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inspiratory Muscle Training Effects on Cycling During Acute Hypoxic Exposure
Authors: Lomax Mitch , Massey Heather C. , House James R.
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION: Hypoxic environments increase the physiological demands of exercise. Inspiratory muscle training can reduce the demands of exhaustive exercise in this environment. This study examined the impact of inspiratory muscle training on moderate intensity hypoxic cycling
exercise.METHODS: There were 17 healthy adult men who undertook 4 wk of inspiratory muscle training (N = 8) or 4 wk of sham inspiratory muscle training (N = 9). Subjects completed four fixed intensity (100 W) and duration (10 min) cycle ergometry tests. Two were undertaken
breathing normoxic ambient air and two breathing a hypoxic gas mixture (14.6% oxygen, balance nitrogen). One normoxic and hypoxic test occurred before, and one after, inspiratory muscle training.RESULTS: Inspiratory muscle training increased maximal inspiratory mouth pressure by
21 ± 16 cmH2O. Arterial oxygen saturation and its ratio to minute ventilation also increased after inspiratory muscle training during hypoxic exercise from 83 ± 4% to 86 ± 3% (approximately 3%) and 2.95 ± 0.48 to 3.52 ± 0.54% · L ·
min−1(approximately 21%), respectively. In addition, minute ventilation and carbon dioxide output fell by 12–13% after inspiratory muscle training during hypoxic exercise.DISCUSSION: Inspiratory muscle training reduced the physiological demand of moderate
intensity exercise during acute hypoxic, but not normoxic, exercise. It may therefore be of benefit in adults exercising in a hypoxic environment.Lomax M, Massey HC, House JR. Inspiratory muscle training effects on cycling during acute hypoxic exposure. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(6):544–549.
The Gold Standard: Accurate Stellar and Planetary Parameters for Eight Kepler M Dwarf Systems Enabled by Parallaxes
Authors: Mann Andrew W. , Dupuy Trent , Muirhead Philip S. , Johnson Marshall C. , Liu Michael C. , Ansdell Megan , Dalba Paul A. , Swift Jonathan J. , Hadden Sam
Published: May 2017

We report parallaxes and proper motions from the Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program for eight nearby M dwarf stars with transiting exoplanets discovered by Kepler. We combine our directly measured distances with mass–luminosity and radius–luminosity relationships to significantly improve constraints on the host stars’ properties. Our astrometry enables the identification of wide stellar companions to the planet hosts. Within our limited sample, all the multi-transiting planet hosts (three of three) appear to be single stars, while nearly all (four of five) of the systems with a single detected planet have wide stellar companions. By applying strict priors on average stellar density from our updated radius and mass in our transit fitting analysis, we measure the eccentricity probability distributions for each transiting planet. Planets in single-star systems tend to have smaller eccentricities than those in binaries, although this difference is not significant in our small sample. In the case of Kepler-42bcd, where the eccentricities are known to be ≃0, we demonstrate that such systems can serve as powerful tests of M dwarf evolutionary models by working in

space. The transit-fit density for Kepler-42bcd is inconsistent with model predictions at 2.1σ (22%), but matches more empirical estimates at 0.2σ (2%), consistent with earlier results showing model radii of M dwarfs are underinflated. Gaia will provide high-precision parallaxes for the entire Kepler M dwarf sample, and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite will identify more planets transiting nearby, late-type stars, enabling significant improvements in our understanding of the eccentricity distribution of small planets and the parameters of late-type dwarfs.
Dust Abundance Variations in the Magellanic Clouds: Probing the Life-cycle of Metals with All-sky Surveys
Authors: Roman-Duval Julia , Bot Caroline , Chastenet Jeremy , Gordon Karl
Published: May 2017

Observations and modeling suggest that dust abundance (gas-to-dust ratio, G/D) depends on (surface) density. Variations of the G/D provide timescale constraints for the different processes involved in the life cycle of metals in galaxies. Recent G/D measurements based on Herschel data suggest a factor of 5–10 decrease in dust abundance between the dense and diffuse interstellar media (ISM) in the Magellanic Clouds. However, the relative nature of the Herschel measurements precludes definitive conclusions as to the magnitude of those variations. We investigate variations of the dust abundance in the LMC and SMC using all-sky far-infrared surveys, which do not suffer from the limitations of Herschel on their zero-point calibration. We stack the dust spectral energy distribution (SED) at 100, 350, 550, and 850 microns from IRAS and Planck in intervals of gas surface density, model the stacked SEDs to derive the dust surface density, and constrain the relation between G/D and gas surface density in the range 10–100 M
⊙ pc−2 on ∼80 pc scales. We find that G/D decreases by factors of 3 (from 1500 to 500) in the LMC and 7 (from

to 2000) in the SMC between the diffuse and dense ISM. The surface-density-dependence of G/D is consistent with elemental depletions, and with simple modeling of the accretion of gas-phase metals onto dust grains. This result has important implications for the sub-grid modeling of galaxy evolution, and for the calibration of dust-based gas-mass estimates, both locally and at high redshift.
Multilinguisme et hétérogénéité des pratiques langagières. Nouveaux chantiers et enjeux du Global South
Authors: Léglise Isabelle
Published: May 2017

Cet article présente d’abord quelques travaux récents dans l’étude du multilinguisme et de ses conséquences – linguistiques et sociales – en insistant sur des aspects méthodologiques. Il se fonde sur des exemples provenant de terrains situés dans les Suds et sur l’analyse de pratiques langagières hétérogènes qui obligent à revoir les catégories descriptives traditionnelles. Il présente ensuite des domaines – comme autant de chantiers à explorer – dans lesquels les enjeux du Global South sont particulièrement criants : dans le domaine de la citoyenneté linguistique (plutôt que des droits linguistiques), dans le domaine de l’éducation plurilingue et interculturelle et dans le domaine de la santé.
Les Linguistic Landscape Studies
Authors: Kelleher William
Published: May 2017

Le champ des paysages linguistiques peut être compris comme la succession de deux vagues de recherche : une première vague qui met en exergue le quantitatif et les dynamiques de contact et de changement linguistiques ; et une seconde vague, plus ethnographique, qui explore la constitution sociale de la signification. La première vague donne lieu à des interrogations puissantes sur l’échantillonnage et l’interprétation des phénomènes linguistiques ainsi que sur le rôle institutionnel dans la production et la réception des artefacts. La seconde vague continue ce qui a souvent été une approche multimodale mais l’insère dans des cadres théoriques qui permettent des lectures critiques, une emphase sur l’interaction et sur les communautés de pratique.
PLGA-Collagen Composite Synthesis with the Antibacterial Addition of Jatropha curcas L. Leaf Extract as Absorbable Surgical Suture Candidate
Authors: Saraswati Karina Dwi , Widiyanti Prihartini , Gustiono Dwi , Setiawan Jan
Published: May 2017

The prevalence rate of surgical wound infections caused by bacteria is an average of 9% of the 1.4 million patients worldwide. For this reason, a modification of an absorbable surgical suture coated with extract of Jatropha curcas L. leaves to kill and inhibit the growth of microorganisms needs to be made. The forming of multifilament fibers is done by electrospinning method. The test results of the functional groups showed the presence of interaction between PLGA-Collagen with the extract of Jatropha Curcas L. leaves indicated by an absorption band at 2924 cm-1 which showed the vibrations of C-H. The tensile test results showed that all samples were in the range of 19.5-87.1 MPa values which corresponded with the modulus of elasticity of the suture thread in the forehead and elbows. The MTT Assay results showed that the percentage of living cells of all samples was above 50%. The bacterial activity test showed that the inhibition zone were in the range of 5-10 mm. The optimal sample showed the degradation rate of 82.2% on the 60th day of the soaking period. It can be concluded that PLGA-collagen Jatropha curcas L. extracts is safe composite and has potential as antibacterial absorbable surgical sutures.
Prediction of Phagocyte Transmigration for Foreign Body Responses to Subcutaneous Biomaterial Implantations Using Differential Transform Method
Authors: Adeleye Olurotimi , Olawale Olatutu , Sobamowo Gbeminiyi
Published: May 2017

The complexity of the multiple interactive reactions of various cells/proteins and biochemical processes during phagocyte transmigration for foreign body responses to subcutaneous biomaterial implants have been studied through developed kinetics-based predictive models which have been numerically analyzed. However, the need for direct relationship between the kinetic-based predictive models parameters and the requirements for continuous insights into the significance of various process parameters affecting the phenomena have led to the quest for developing analytical solutions. Therefore, in this work, differential transform method is used to develop analytical solutions for the prediction of phagocyte transmigration for foreign body responses to subcutaneous biomaterial implants. The approximate analytical solutions are used to study the effect of various model parameters on phagocyte transmigration to foreign body responses in biomaterial implantation. The results of the analytical solutions are agreement with the results of the previous studies.
Photovoltaic System Based Series Active Power Filter to Enhance Power Quality through Electrical Network
Authors: Berbaoui Brahim
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a study of proposed approach founded on series active power filter based on photovoltaic array (PV-SAPF) which is controlled by classical PI using pulse width modulation inverter (PWM). The proposed system is connected to grid system to feed linear and nonlinear loads to handle deep sags, swells voltage, voltage distortion and power factor crushing caused by any electrical perturbation. In the other hand, the excess of the energy is injected into the mains when the network is not affected and after compensation. To prove the effectiveness of the planned system, the PV-SAPF is carried out using MATLAB / Simulink environment. The results Simulations results proved the ability and the efficiency of the proposed system in mitigation the harmonic voltage distortion, correction the voltage sag and swell, power factor improvment and power quality enhancement.
Performance and Emission Profile of Micro-Algal Biodiesel in Compression Ignition Engine
Authors: Eloka-Eboka Andrew C. , Inambao Freddie L.
Published: May 2017

Micro-algae are a large and diverse group of simple typically autotrophic organisms which have the potential to produce greater amounts of non-polar lipids and biomass than most terrestrial biodiesel feedstocks. Having emerged as one of the most promising sources for biodiesel production, they are gaining research interests in the current energy scenario due to their phenomenal growth potential (< 21 days log phase) in addition to relatively high lipids production which are also excellent source of biodiesel. In this study, engine performance and emission profile was performed using biodiesel fuels and blends from micro-algal technology in a compression ignition engine. The technology of micro-algae involved open pond cultivation and the use of photo-bioreactor model BF-115 Bioflo/celli Gen made in the US of 14 litre capacity (200 Lux light intensity) and flowrate of 2.5L/min. The micro-algal species used were Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus spp. The biodiesel produced were blended with conventional diesel (AGO) at different proportions. The performance parameters evaluated include: engine power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), smoke opacity, thermal gravimetry, thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperatures and lubricity while the varying effects of emission pollutants during combustion were also studied. Results showed that viscosity, density and lubricity have significant effects on engine output power and torque than when throttled with AGO which was used as control. Combustion efficiency and emission profile were better than the AGO due to the oxygenated nature of the micro-algal biodiesel which brought about complete combustion. A striking deduction arrived is that oxygen content of the algal biodiesel had direct influence on smoke opacity and emissions in the engine and also thermo-gravimetrically stable for other thermal applications. The engine tests (BSFC, BTE, ThE, MechE, EGT) and overall emissions (CO2, CO, VOCs, HC, SOx, NOx) were within acceptable limits and comparable with AGO. The implication of the study is that Micro-algal technology is feasible and can revolutionise development in biodiesel industry.
Comparative Study of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) on Optimization of Ethanol Production from Sawdust
Authors: Okewale Akindele , Adesina Olusola , Oloko-Oba Mustapha
Published: May 2017

This work focused on optimization of production of ethanol from saw dust using two empirical methods, the ANN and the RSM. It further investigated the modeling and optimization efficiencies of RSM and ANN in separate hydrolysis and fermentation of sawdust for ethanol production. Box - Behnken Design (BBD) was used to generate 17 individual experiments which were carried out, RSM and Genetic Algorithm (GA) of ANN which were used to optimize the production which was then compared. The optimum concentrations of ethanol yield predicted were 56.968 wt. % and 57. 387263 wt. % for RSM and ANN models respectively. R2 value obtained for ANN model was 0.9989 while R2 value of 0.9046 was obtained for RSM model. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value for ANN was found to be 0.143 while the RMSE value for RSM was 2.17. It showed that ANN had relatively higher predictive model ability and thus shows to be a better optimization tool for the ethanol from saw dust compared to RSM which also a good modelling tool.
Dynamic Simulation of a Reactive Distillation Process for n-Butyl Acetate Production Using CHEMCAD
Authors: Giwa Abdulwahab , Giwa Saidat Olanipekun
Published: May 2017

The dynamic simulation of a reactive distillation process developed with the aid of CHEMCAD for the production of n-butyl acetate has been carried out in this research work. Originally, the by-product of the process was water. The developed model of the system was first simulated for steady state using a reflux ratio of 3 and a reboiler duty of 1.4 kW in order to have initial values for the mole fractions of the components involved. The model was converted to a dynamic type by activating the “Dynamics” in the “Convergence” tab of the “Run” menu of CHEMCAD. The dynamic model of the system was run using different (positive and negative) step changes applied to the input variables, which were reflux ratio and reboiler duty, of the process. The results obtained from the steady-state simulation showed that only n-butyl acetate and unconverted acetic acid were existing in the reboiler section of the column initially. The dynamic simulation of the process showed that the system was a stable one because it could get settled after some running time of its dynamic model for all the step changes in the two input variables considered. It was also discovered from the simulations carried out that the dynamic responses of the system to negative step changes in reflux ratio were smoother than those obtained when positive step changes were applied to the same input variable. Moreover, the applications of negative step changes to the reboiler duty resulted in decreases in the mole fractions of n-butyl acetate present in the bottom section of the column while the applications of positive changes to the same reboiler duty gave rise to increases in the mole fraction values of the desired product that was collected through the reboiler section of the column. It was discovered from the results obtained that the higher the reboiler duty of the system that was applied in the production of n-butyl acetate from the esterification reaction involving acetic acid and n-butanol, the faster the system was approaching its dynamic steady state.
Statistical Distribution Analysis of Mechanical Properties of a Welded Pipeline Steel API X70 and Correlation between Hardness and other Mechanical Characteristics
Authors: Saoudi Adel , Khamouli Farida , Atoui L'hadi , Zidani Mosbah , Farh Hichem
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study is to model the distribution patterns of the different mechanical properties of a submerged arc welded pipeline steel API X70 and to investigate the relationship between Vickers hardness and other mechanical properties of API X70. In this study, serial mechanical properties of 70 pipes, formed by spiral submerged arc welding of high strength low alloy steel (HSLA) API X70, were measured in base metal and weldments. Four main statistical distributions: Normal, Log-normal, Weibull and smallest extreme value distributions were chosen to test the goodness of fit to the experimental data. As a result, normal and lognormal distributions can equally model the distribution patterns of the whole experimental data of studied mechanical properties except for the hardness and toughness of the base metal that can be approximated by Weibull and smallest extreme value distributions, respectively. Using the current data, a weak but statistically significant correlation is obtained only between the toughness of the fusion zone and the hardness of both the base metal and the heat affected zone. Consequently, the calculated regression models were unable to estimate impact toughness values based on future measures of Vickers hardness components.
The Effect of Nano-Sized Air Bubbles on the Mechanical Properties and Natural Frequencies of a Multi-Cracked Composite Bar
Authors: Al-Maharma Ahmad , Al-Huniti Naser
Published: May 2017

In this research, the effect of nanosized air bubbles embedded within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated by various thicknesses of alumina (Al2O3) reinforced epoxy resin based composite on the natural frequencies of a multi-cracked bar is investigated in details. The impact of cracks’ locations and depths within the hybrid composite structure on the natural frequency profiles is investigated. The volume fraction of CNTs is fixed to 0.5 wt. % due to the significant improvements reported in the literature when the composite is reinforced with this volume fraction of CNTs. The results of the multi-scale finite element analysis are verified by comparing with previous studies and a good agreement is shown relating to the longitudinal natural frequencies. The results of the research show that the dynamic response of cracked bar is highly sensitive to the volume fractions of nanosized air bubbles located within the composite. The results of the study supported the hypothesis that the nanosized air bubbles can be used to reduce the weight of heavy composite structures along with using of suitable coatings to improve the mechanical properties of the hybrid composite. Furthermore. The results of the study can be employed to detect multiple cracks located within similar structures like wind turbine blade (WTB) fabricated from a hybrid composite structure composed of carbon fiber reinforced modified epoxy resin which contains nanosized air bubbles and CNTs nanofillers coated by Al2O3 at different thicknesses.
A descriptive qualitative study of childhood cancer challenges in South Africa: Thematic analysis of 68 photovoice contributions
Authors: Edwards Lynn B. , Greeff Linda E.
Published: May 2017

Background: Many childhood cancers are treatable with cure rates between 70% and 80% in well-resourced countries, while approximately 80% of African children with cancer die without access to adequate care. South Africa has an established oncology health care service with overburdened infrastructure, low cancer awareness in the primary health care service and widespread service delivery challenges.
Aim: The aim of this study was to explore, document and analyse the subjective experience of childhood cancer-related challenges in South Africa, and to make the results available to stakeholders.
Setting: A total of 58 patient-participants (childhood cancer patients, parents and guardians of children with cancer) and 10 paediatric oncology workers (oncology social workers, oncology nurses and interim home carers) were selected from tertiary oncology centres and from the Childhood Cancer Foundation of South Africa (CHOC) interim care homes across South Africa.
Method: Participants were selected via convenience sampling and qualitative data were derived from face-to-face photovoice interviews conducted by psychologists and social workers and supported by translators when necessary.
Results: Nine themes of cancer challenges were identified via thematic content analysis of the photo-narratives, that is, physical and treatment challenges, emotional, poor services, transport, finances, information, powerlessness, stigma and schooling challenges.
Conclusion: Lack of awareness and knowledge about cancer at the African traditional healer, primary and regional health care service levels were frequent challenges. Important feedback included lack of patient-centred care, separation of children with cancer from guardians, diagnostic delays, permanent disabilities for children because of cancer, emotional trauma, special needs of teenagers and a lack of community and palliative care support.
Непрерывная выборка из многозначных отображений
Authors: Tsar'kov Igor' Germanovich
Published: May 2017

В работе изучаются свойства многозначных отображений $F$, для которых существует такая непрерывная выборка $f$, являющаяся непрерывной $\epsilon$-выборкой (из множества $\epsilon$-ближайших) для образов $F(x)$ $(x\in X)$. Это интерпретируется как $\epsilon$-выборка для непрерывно меняющихся множеств в пространстве с непрерывно меняющимися нормами. Из полученных результатов выводятся новые теоремы о неподвижных точках. Также изучаются геометрико-топологические свойства множеств, любые $r$-окрестности которых обладают непрерывной $\epsilon$-выборкой для любого $\epsilon>0$. Получена характеризация таких множеств.
Библиография: 17 наименований.
О разбиениях шкал Крипке конечной высоты
Authors: Kudinov Andrey Valer'evich , Shapirovsky Ilya Borisovich
Published: May 2017

В работе доказана финитная аппроксимируемость и разрешимость одного семейства модальных логик. Бинарное отношение $R$ назовем предтранзитивным, если $R^*=\bigcup_{i\leqslant m} R^i$ для некоторого $m\geqslant 0$, где $R^*$ - транзитивное рефлексивное замыкание $R$. Под высотой шкалы $(W,R)$ будем понимать высоту предпорядка $(W,R^*)$. Построены специальные разбиения (фильтрации) предтранзитивных шкал конечной высоты, из чего следует финитная аппроксимируемость и разрешимость их модальных логик.
Библиография: 30 наименований.
La relevancia de la flexibilidad psicológica en el contexto del cáncer: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Aguirre-Camacho Aldo , Moreno-Jiménez Bernardo
Published: May 2017

La flexibilidad psicológica ha sido relacionada con diversos indicadores positivos en individuos con problemas de salud mental y enfermedades crónicas, y ha sido identificada como un importante mecanismo de cambio psicoterapéutico. Sin embargo, la atención prestada a la flexibilidad psicológica en la psicooncología ha sido limitada, a pesar de su potencial relación con el distrés relacionado con el cáncer. El objetivo de la presente revisión descriptiva fue reunir los estudios que han examinado la asociación entre la flexibilidad psicológica y distintos indicadores de bienestar en pacientes con cáncer, o evaluado el impacto de intervenciones destinadas a incrementar el nivel de flexibilidad psicológica en pacientes con cáncer. A pesar del bajo número de estudios, los resultados demuestran de forma consistente que la flexibilidad psicológica está asociada a altos niveles de bienestar en pacientes con cáncer, incluso en presencia de deterioro físico. Para finalizar, se presentan algunas implicaciones para la práctica clínica en psico-oncología.
Bath-Time and Cruising Time: Temporality, Domesticity, and Risk in Pinter
Authors: Hilson Mica
Published: May 2017

Bringing several of Pinter's plays into conversation with theories of queer temporality, this article proposes that Pinter subverts conventional distinctions between the safe space and structured time of domestic routine and its supposed opposite, the risky space and messy temporality of queer life. I focus specifically on two activities associated with queer temporalities in these plays: cruising and bathing. The essay analyzes how gay male erotic cruising is depicted in The Collection (1961), No Man's Land (1975), and Victoria Station (1982), considering the techniques Pinter uses to place audiences in the subjective position of the cruiser. In addition, it examines the representation of bathing in The Homecoming (1965), Old Times (1971), and Family Voices (1981), arguing that Pinter represents bath-time as a free-floating idyll unmoored from commitments or expectations, but also suggests that it is incompatible with domesticity.
Double-crossing Time: Pinter Roughs Up the Past
Authors: Smith Susan Harris
Published: May 2017

One productive way to interpret Pinter's Betrayal as emanating from and building on the modernist tradition of what Suzanne Guerlac calls “thinking in time” is through a Benjaminian lens in which a traumatic confrontation triggering the sudden shifts in reverse chronology disrupts the expectations of realism. Pinter relies on a disruptive nonlinear narrative that moves toward disillusion and revelation, denies the distortion of nostalgia, and culminates in reclaiming what was lost and fixing what was found forever in his art.
In Time with Harold Pinter: The Homecoming
Authors: Burkman Katherine H.
Published: May 2017

To be in time with playwright Harold Pinter is to experience his characters struggling with power and love. Looking at his play The Homecoming, one can see his characters inhabiting a kind of Eliotic, Beckettien wasteland, making them very contemporary, but like his other plays that are informed with ancient rituals and myths, a biblical myth makes this play timeless. The Homecoming reverberates with myth, this time the biblical story of Ruth. In the play Ruth as alien comes home and her return holds the promise of renewal as almost no other character does in modern drama. Ruth would seem to be victimized by her new family, who expects her to tend them sexually and provide income, but she takes over the family in a “ruthless” fashion, disposes of her virtually dead husband, and promises renewal for herself and a family who have been lost without the mother/wife who has died. Chekhov took us on the road, but Pinter brings us home.
Early Moravian Spirituality and Missionary Vision
Authors: Randall Ian
Published: May 2017

This article examines early Moravian mission, relating it to the spirituality of the Moravian community. The Moravian refugees, who had been given refuge in Germany by Count Zinzendorf, experienced a time of communal renewal in 1727. Out of this came prayer and world mission. The article argues that Moravian spirituality and missionary vision were closely connected. The community, Herrnhut, sent out the first missionaries in 1732, to the West Indies. This region became the focus of much of the early Moravian missionary endeavour, and this article examines some of the important aspects of Moravian spiritual experience, which translated into mission in the West Indies. The main features were an evangelical emphasis, openness to God's guidance, a stress on the Holy Spirit as Mother, teaching on the sacraments, and a life centred on Christ. Especially in the context of the West Indies, where the Moravians met mostly slaves, mission was associated with suffering. The Moravians sought to be alongside the slaves, and to speak about a suffering Christ who loved them. The last section of the article argues that the message was an empowering one.
Impact of Smartphone Based Activities on EFL Students’ Engagement
Authors: Sarhandi Pir Suhail Ahmed , Bajnaid Ayman , Elyas Tariq
Published: May 2017

Teachers all over the world strive to keep their students engaged, and research has shown that task engagement can be elevated by utilising technology to complete classroom activities. Reasons suggested for this is that technology’s alignment with students’ interests, as well as the stimulatingly transformative effect that technology can have on activities. Due to current students’ preferences, authors now encourage incorporating mobile phones into the classroom, claiming that it will improve task engagement. However, this has not been empirically proven. Therefore, this mixed method quasi experimental study examined whether two groups completing identical activities, where one group using their smartphones, would have any difference in their engagement with the given activities. The results indicated that a statistically significant difference in the initiation times and distraction between experimental and control settings. Although no significant emotional difference was observed between the groups, the students themselves indicated a significant difference in their emotional attitude towards smartphone activities as compared to paper-based ones. The smartphone group managed to engage with activities, thereby overcoming many factors which affected the control groups’ engagement levels.
SATELLITE INTERFEROMETRY FOR GROUND DEFORMATION MONITORING, THE LGOM EXAMPLE
Authors: GRANICZNY Marek , KOWALSKI Zbigniew , KOWALSKI Przemysław , PRZYŁUCKA Maria
Published: May 2017

The article presents Surface deformations and changes in the Rudna mining areas registered between 28th November and 10th December 2016. These changes were recorded on the radar differential interferogram derived from the scenes of the ESA radar satellite Sentinel-1. The interferogram is a raster image that is combination of two radar scenes, showing the phase difference of the reflected microwave signal. This difference reflects changes occurring on the earth surface in the form of the interferometric stripes called “fringes”. They are interpreted as contour of changes in earth morphology. During the analyzed period, 3 cm variations were identified. All indications show that they were related to the seismic shock of the 29th November, which was confirmed by comparing the location of the earthquake epicenter with the registered fringes.
RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF ROCK AND POTASH SALTS IN THE FORE-SUDETIC AREA
Authors: CZAPOWSKI Grzegorz
Published: May 2017

Intensive geological prospection in the Fore-Sudetic area in the second half of the 20th century enabled to recognize occurrences of late Permian (Zechstein) rock and potash salts and to contour two rock salt deposits: Sieroszowice and Bądzów (with the registered anticipated economic resources of 4.09 billion Mg and economic resources of 0.49 billion Mg), as well as to estimate the prognostic rock salt resources in six copper deposits at ca. 45.19 billion Mg. To contour the prospective areas of Zechstein rock and potash salts occurrences in the Fore-Sudetic area and to estimate their predicted (prognostic and prospective) resources, 34 map sheets at scale of 1:200,000 have been compiled. Twenty-eight map sheets have been constructed for four rock salt seams, representing the four Zechstein cyclothems (PZ1 to PZ4), and six map sheets for two potash–bearing series of the PZ2 and PZ3 cyclothems. The predicted rock salt resources, estimated for 42 prospective areas, are more than 1x1012 Mg, covering the total acrea of over 18.5 thousands km2. The final amount of these resources, reduced by the amount of resources of the above-mentioned six copper deposits, is over 995.7 billion Mg. Including the documented resources of two salt deposits, the total amount of Zechstein rock salt, in the study area down to a depth of 2 km is estimated at ca. 1000 billion Mg. The predicted resources of Zechstein potash salts in nine prospective areas were estimated at ca. 3.3 billion Mg with the total area of over 456 km2. Many prospective areas with significant thicknesses of rock salt seams could be managed both for salt production (underground and leaching mines) and as cavern storages (for hydrocarbons or hydrogen) and waste disposals. Only some of the indicated areas of potash salts could be considered for future mining, however after their detailed geological surveying and resource calculation.
The uppermost clastic succession of Lower-Middle Buntsandstein as a record of continous sedimentation during Early Triassic trangression in the area of Grodziec syncline
Authors: Durkowski Karol , Sokalski Dominik , Durkowska Anna
Published: May 2017

The uppermost clastic succession of Lower–Middle Buntsandstein sediments of the Grodziec syncline (North Sudetic Synclinorium) shows a high macroscopic similarity to overlaying Cenomanian deposits. That might have resulted in erroneous determination of the boundary between Triassic and Cretaceous sediments in historic drill holes. Detailed macroscopic observations were performed on cores and samples were taken for microscopic analyses. A number of features characterizing sediments of the uppermost clastic succession have been identified. These are primarily: increased kaolinite content, decrease of textural maturity, decline of bedding, lack of pebbles and argillaceous intraclasts. These features might indicate transgressive character of sediments and a deposition in a transitional: terrestrial to marine environment.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORE MINERALS OCCURRENCE AND GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE KUPFERSCHIEFER STRATA, KGHM POLSKA MIEDŹ S.A. MINING AREA
Authors: PIECZONKA Jadwiga , WIĘCŁAW Dariusz , PIESTRZYŃSKI Adam , KOTARBA Maciej , ROŻEK Robert , JEDLECKI Roman , SZAROWSKI Wiesław , WŁODARCZYK Marcin
Published: May 2017

General characteristics of ore minerals and organic matter within the selected areas of the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A, is discussed in the work. For the study, 5 samples from the Industrial Głogów Głęboki field and 11 samples from Sieroszowice mining field have been collected. At both locations, sampling was carried out from three zones: (I) depression, characterized by higher thickness of Kupferschiefer, (II) slope of elevation with pronounced decrease of thickness, and finally (III) the elevation, at which Kupferschiefer’s thickness usually does not exceed 0.1 m. Detailed studies have been carried out on samples from the Kupferchiefer, because this horizon has the strong influence on quantity and quality of ore minerals deposition in other parts of economic part of the profiles. Important relationship between TOC content, HI and HI/OI indices and quantity and quality of minerals has been discussed. Hydrogen index is well correlated with quantity of copper sulphides, however its values below 100 may show quality changes of copper sulphides from Cu+ to Cu2+ (covellite). Low value of HI/OI index represent samples from the transition zone, were sulphide contents are variable.
THE VOLUMETRIC DENSITY OF ORE – RESOURCE PARAMETER OF SECONDARY IMPORTANCE? THE POLKOWICE–SIEROSZOWICE CU-AG DEPOSIT, LEGNICA-GŁOGÓW COPPER DISTRICT
Authors: MUCHA Jacek , WASILEWSKA-BŁASZCZYK Monika , AUGUŚCIK Justyna , PASZEK Martyna
Published: May 2017

Volumetric density of the detailed lithological units in Polkowice-Sieroszowice Cu-Ag deposit has been compared to the density of the three basic ore types. Eight diferrent lithologies of the Cu-Ag deposit have been taken into account. It appeared that the resources in them estimated on the basis of volumetric densities are approximately 3% higher than analogous estimates for volumetric densities attributed to the basic ore types. The correlation and regression analysis have shown that the porosity of rocks is the dominant factor affecting the volumetric density, whereas the Cu content plays a secondary role. Some of the lithologies have revealed some heterogeneity of spatial density that can be explained by the variability of mineral cement and porosity as well as the presence of non-copper heavy minerals (e.g. galena, pyrite). The knowledge of the density of individual lithologies enables more accurate estimation of their resources leading to more effective production.
3D LITHOLOGICAL MODEL USING BY INTERPOLATION AND SIMULATION METHODS (ON AN EXAMPLE OF THE CU-AG DEPOSIT, LEGNICA-GŁOGÓW COPPER DISTRICT)
Authors: WASILEWSKA-BŁASZCZYK Monika , TWARDOWSKI Mateusz , MUCHA Jacek , KACZMAREK Wojciech
Published: May 2017

The article attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of three different procedures of 3D lithological model creation with the usage of: deterministic or geostatistical interpolation methods, standard interpolation method used in KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. and Plurigaussian geostatistical simulation. The 3D models of main lithology created using those methods for a part of Cu-Ag Legnica-Głogów Copper District (Rudna Mine) served as the basis for the evaluation. The effectiveness of those methods was quantified by means of relative absolute estimation errors of thickness of lithological series in the 3D models. The mean relative estimation errors of thickness of main lithological series in 3D models take values from 6% to 13%. This demonstrates the comparable accuracy of the 3 procedures used, despite the fact that they differ significantly in computational algorithms and in the different way of defining the 3D interpolation space. Moreover, no significant differences in the accuracy level of lithological borders estimation of carbonate series, shale series and sandstone series were stated.
Proposta de um Portal Educacional para Estudantes de Programação de Computadores
Authors: Soares Felipe Augusto Lara , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni
Published: May 2017

Uma das principais dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos que ingressam em instituições de ensino de nível técnico e superior em cursos da área de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) é o desafio inicial da aprendizagem das disciplinas de programação de computadores. Este trabalho analisa os aspectos mais relevantes dos portais educacionais já existentes na área com o fim de criar um portal educacional para auxiliar os estudantes de programação. O portal educacional proposto visa ampliar a capacidade de aprendizagem, incentivar o estudo e a resolução de problemas, ajudando, também, os professores a acompanharem o desenvolvimento das habilidades de programar de seus alunos. Foram entrevistados 68 usuários para avaliar o portal, sendo 65 alunos do Pronatec e de cursos superiores e três professores. Concluiu-se que o portal desenvolvido funciona de modo satisfatório em goprograme.com.br, oferecendo funcionalidades educativas e bons conteúdos. Entre os principais diferenciais do portal propostos, estão o suporte ao aprendizado de qualquer linguagem de programação, o fato de estar inteiramente em português e a abrangência para públicos de qualquer idade e nível educacional.
UniLex: Método Léxico para Análise de Sentimentos Textuais sobre Conteúdo de Tweets em Português Brasileiro
Authors: França de Souza Karine , Ramos Pereira Moisés Henrique , Hasan Dalip Daniel
Published: May 2017

Este artigo aborda a criação de um método computacional baseado em dicionário léxico, que seja capaz de analisar textos em idioma português brasileiro e de polarizar as palavras de acordo com os sentimentos por elas transmitidos. O estudo realizado visa detectar os sentimentos expressos nos textos da Web e comparar a abordagem proposta com métodos existentes, utilizando a aplicação iFeel, que retorna os resultados dos principais métodos para a análise de sentimentos textuais. Pode-se concluir que, por meio de experimentos em uma base de dados do Twitter em português brasileiro, o método proposto retorna os sentimentos associados nos textos analisados com uma acurácia melhor do que os métodos descritos em trabalhos relacionados.
Personnalité et distorsions cognitives des agresseurs sexuels
Authors: Daspe1 Marie-Ève , Lussier Yvan , Desaulniers Valérie , Godbout Natacha , Perron Alain , Sabourin Stéphane , Bronsard Francine
Published: May 2017

Bien qu’il n’existe pas de typologie définitive des caractéristiques des agresseurs sexuels à l’égard d’enfants, la documentation scientifique révèle la présence de distorsions cognitives et de traits de personnalité impliqués dans l’étiologie et le maintien des comportements sexuels déviants. Ces facteurs étant également associés au risque de récidive, ils constituent des cibles de traitement de première importance. La présente étude a pour objectif d’examiner l’évolution des distorsions cognitives et des traits de personnalité d’hommes en traitement pour agressions sexuelles à l’égard d’enfants. L’échantillon est composé de 134 agresseurs sexuels intrafamiliaux, recrutés à leur entrée au Programme d’évaluation et de traitement des agressions sexuelles (PÉTAS). Ceux-ci sont évalués à trois reprises, soit à leur entrée au PÉTAS, ainsi qu’à la fin de la première et de la deuxième année de traitement. Les résultats montrent des diminutions significatives sur l’ensemble des distorsions cognitives de nature sexuelle, une diminution du névrosisme et une augmentation de l’extraversion entre les temps de mesure. Sur le plan individuel, des proportions importantes d’hommes présentent des améliorations sur la majorité des variables mesurées. Ces résultats soutiennent la malléabilité des distorsions cognitives et de certains traits de personnalité et appuient l’efficacité du PÉTAS.
Simon Critchley, Bowie, 2016.
Authors: Doménech Antoni
Published: May 2017

RessenyaReseñaReview
Pausing guides RNA folding to populate transiently stable RNA structures for riboswitch-based transcription regulation
Authors: Steinert Hannah , Sochor Florian , Wacker Anna , Buck Janina , Helmling Christina , Hiller Fabian , Keyhani Sara , Noeske Jonas , Grimm Steffen , Rudolph Martin M , Keller Heiko , Mooney Rachel Anne , Landick Robert , Suess Beatrix , Fürtig Boris , Wöhnert Jens , Schwalbe Harald
Published: May 2017

In bacteria, the regulation of gene expression by cis-acting transcriptional riboswitches located in the 5'-untranslated regions of messenger RNA requires the temporal synchronization of RNA synthesis and ligand binding-dependent conformational refolding. Ligand binding to the aptamer domain of the riboswitch induces premature termination of the mRNA synthesis of ligand-associated genes due to the coupled formation of 3'-structural elements acting as terminators. To date, there has been no high resolution structural description of the concerted process of synthesis and ligand-induced restructuring of the regulatory RNA element. Here, we show that for the guanine-sensing xpt-pbuX riboswitch from Bacillus subtilis, the conformation of the full-length transcripts is static: it exclusively populates the functional off-state but cannot switch to the on-state, regardless of the presence or absence of ligand. We show that only the combined matching of transcription rates and ligand binding enables transcription intermediates to undergo ligand-dependent conformational refolding.
Chemotactic network responses to live bacteria show independence of phagocytosis from chemoreceptor sensing
Authors: Meena Netra Pal , Kimmel Alan R
Published: May 2017

Aspects of innate immunity derive from characteristics inherent to phagocytes, including chemotaxis toward and engulfment of unicellular organisms or cell debris. Ligand chemotaxis has been biochemically investigated using mammalian and model systems, but precision of chemotaxis towards ligands being actively secreted by live bacteria is not well studied, nor has there been systematic analyses of interrelationships between chemotaxis and phagocytosis. The genetic/molecular model Dictyostelium and mammalian phagocytes share mechanistic pathways for chemotaxis and phagocytosis; Dictyostelium chemotax toward bacteria and phagocytose them as food sources. We quantified Dictyostelium chemotaxis towards live gram positive and gram negative bacteria and demonstrate high sensitivity to multiple bacterially-secreted chemoattractants. Additive/competitive assays indicate that intracellular signaling-networks for multiple ligands utilize independent upstream adaptive mechanisms, but common downstream targets, thus amplifying detection at low signal propagation, but strengthening discrimination of multiple inputs. Finally, analyses of signaling-networks for chemotaxis and phagocytosis indicate that chemoattractant receptor-signaling is not essential for bacterial phagocytosis.
Poring over furrows
Authors: Fisher Skylar ID , Hartzell H Criss
Published: May 2017

Cryo-electron microscopy reveals the structure of a chloride channel that is closely related to a protein that transports lipids.
Spectroscopic evidence for the presence of a high‐valent Fe(IV) species in the ferroxidase reaction of an archaeal ferritin
Authors: Honarmand Ebrahimi Kourosh , Bill Eckhard , Hagedoorn Peter‐Leon , Hagen Wilfred R.
Published: May 2017

A high‐valent Fe(IV) species is proposed to be generated from the decay of a peroxodiferric intermediate in the catalytic cycle at the di‐iron cofactor center of dioxygen‐activating enzymes such as methane monooxygenase. However, it is believed that this intermediate is not formed in the di‐iron substrate site of ferritin, where oxidation of Fe(II) substrate to Fe(III) (the ferroxidase reaction) occurs also via a peroxodiferric intermediate. In opposition to this generally accepted view, here we present evidence for the occurrence of a high‐valent Fe(IV) in the ferroxidase reaction of an archaeal ferritin, which is based on trapped intermediates obtained with the freeze‐quench technique and combination of spectroscopic characterization. We hypothesize that a Fe(IV) intermediate catalyzes oxidation of excess Fe(II) nearby the ferroxidase center.
AMPK β1 reduces tumor progression and improves survival in p53 null mice
Authors: Houde Vanessa P. , Donzelli Sara , Sacconi Andrea , Galic Sandra , Hammill Joanne A. , Bramson Jonathan L. , Foster Robert A. , Tsakiridis Theodoros , Kemp Bruce E. , Grasso Giuseppe , Blandino Giovanni , Muti Paola , Steinberg Gregory R.
Published: May 2017

The AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein complex that is an important sensor of cellular energy status. Reduced expression of the AMPK β1 isoform has been linked to reduced survival in different cancers, but whether this accelerates tumor progression and the potential mechanism mediating these effects are not known. Furthermore, it is unknown whether AMPK β1 is implicated in tumorigenesis, and if so, what tissues may be most sensitive. In the current study, we find that in the absence of the tumor suppressor p53, germline genetic deletion of AMPK β1 accelerates the appearance of a T‐cell lymphoma that reduces lifespan compared to p53 deficiency alone. This increased tumorigenesis is linked to increases in interleukin‐1β (IL1β), reductions in acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, and elevated lipogenesis. Collectively, these data indicate that reductions in the AMPK β1 subunit accelerate the development of T‐cell lymphoma, suggesting that therapies targeting this AMPK subunit or inhibiting lipogenesis may be effective for limiting the proliferation of p53‐mutant tumors.