bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personal Relevance in Story Reading
Authors: Kuzmičová Anežka , Bálint Katalin
Published: September 2019

Although personal relevance is key to sustaining an audience’s interest in any given narrative, it has received little systematic attention in scholarship to date. Across centuries and media, adaptations have been used extensively to bring temporally or geographically distant narratives “closer” to the recipient under the assumption that their impact will increase. In this article, we review experimental and other empirical evidence on narrative processing in order to unravel which types of personal relevance are more likely to be impactful than others, which types of impact (e.g., aesthetic, therapeutic, persuasive) they have been found to generate, and where their power becomes excessive or outright detrimental to reader experience. Together, the evidence suggests that narratives are read through the lens of the reader’s self-schema independently of genre, although certain groups of readers, especially in certain situations, may experience personal relevance and related effects more strongly than others. The literature further suggests that large-scale similarities between reader and character (e.g., gender) may not per se be enough for relevance effects to arise and that emotional valence has a role to play in the process alongside thematic saliency.
Resonant Reading
Authors: Dyson Katie
Published: September 2019

Reading is a key source of anxiety in the college literature classroom. While recent debates about critical reading have reimagined the work of the literature scholar, they have not engaged the work of the literature teacher. This article explores the pedagogical limits of critique and the pedagogical potential of postcritical reading practices. Reimagining the dynamics of reading addresses, engages, and reorients students’ anxiety in the literature classroom. Diversifying the models of reading we teach allows students to more deeply engage the pleasures and anxieties of reading literature. This article concludes by offering strategies for approaching reading in the college classroom, including collaborative digital reading, creative response assignments, and publicly oriented writing.
EvoChromo: towards a synthesis of chromatin biology and evolution
Authors: Drinnenberg Ines A. , Berger Frédéric , Elsässer Simon J. , Andersen Peter R. , Ausió Juan , Bickmore Wendy A. , Blackwell Alexander R. , Erwin Douglas H. , Gahan James M. , Gaut Brandon S. , Harvey Zachary H. , Henikoff Steven , Kao Joyce Y. , Kurdistani Siavash K. , Lemos Bernardo , Levine Mia T. , Luger Karolin , Malik Harmit S. , Martín-Durán José M. , Peichel Catherine L. , Renfree Marilyn B. , Rutowicz Kinga , Sarkies Peter , Schmitz Robert J. , Technau Ulrich , Thornton Joseph W. , Warnecke Tobias , Wolfe Kenneth H.
Published: September 2019

Over the past few years, interest in chromatin and its evolution has grown. To further advance these interests, we organized a workshop with the support of The Company of Biologists to debate the current state of knowledge regarding the origin and evolution of chromatin. This workshop led to prospective views on the development of a new field of research that we term ‘EvoChromo’. In this short Spotlight article, we define the breadth and expected impact of this new area of scientific inquiry on our understanding of both chromatin and evolution.
Recent advances in therapies for eating disorders
Authors: Davis Lauren E. , Attia Evelyn
Published: September 2019

Eating disorders are serious psychiatric illnesses with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Effective treatments have traditionally included behaviorally focused therapies as well as several medication strategies. Recent years have seen promising developments in these treatments, including additional support for family-based approaches for children and adolescents, new evidence for “third-wave” behavioral therapies, and new support for the use of lisdexamfetamine for binge eating disorder and olanzapine for anorexia nervosa. Case study and pilot data are beginning to show limited support for neuromodulatory interventions targeting brain regions thought to be involved in eating disorders. This review summarizes treatment developments over the last several years and points towards future directions for the field.
The World Health Organization 2030 goals for onchocerciasis: Insights and perspectives from mathematical modelling
Authors:   NTD Modelling Consortium Onchocerciasis Group
Published: September 2019

The World Health Organization (WHO) has embarked on a consultation process to refine the 2030 goals for priority neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), onchocerciasis among them. Current goals include elimination of transmission (EOT) by 2020 in Latin America, Yemen and selected African countries. The new goals propose that, by 2030, EOT be verified in 10 countries; mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin be stopped in at least one focus in 34 countries; and that the proportion of the population no longer in need of MDA be equal or greater than 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% in at least 16, 14, 12, and 10 countries, respectively. The NTD Modelling Consortium onchocerciasis teams have used EPIONCHO and ONCHOSIM to provide modelling insights into these goals. EOT appears feasible in low-moderate endemic areas with long-term MDA at high coverage (≥75%), but uncertain in areas of higher endemicity, poor coverage and adherence, and where MDA has not yet, or only recently, started. Countries will have different proportions of their endemic areas classified according to these categories, and this distribution of pre-intervention prevalence and MDA duration and programmatic success will determine the feasibility of achieving the proposed MDA cessation goals. Highly endemic areas would benefit from switching to biannual or quarterly MDA and implementing vector control where possible (determining optimal frequency and duration of anti-vectorial interventions requires more research). Areas without loiasis that have not yet initiated MDA should implement biannual (preferably with moxidectin) or quarterly MDA from the start. Areas with loiasis not previously treated would benefit from implementing test-and(not)-treat-based interventions, vector control, and anti-Wolbachia therapies, but their success will depend on the levels of screening and coverage achieved and sustained. The diagnostic performance of IgG4 Ov16 serology for assessing EOT is currently uncertain. Verification of EOT requires novel diagnostics at the individual- and population-levels.
The World Health Organization 2030 goals for Taenia solium: Insights and perspectives from transmission dynamics modelling
Authors:   CystiTeam Group for Epidemiology and Modelling of Taenia solium Taeniasis/Cysticercosis
Published: September 2019

Taenia solium (TS), responsible for porcine cysticercosis, human taeniasis and (neuro)cysticercosis, was included in the World Health Organization neglected tropical disease (NTD) roadmap published in 2012. Targets set in this roadmap have not been met, but T. solium has been included in the consultation process for the new 2030 goals proposed for priority NTDs. Taenia solium transmission dynamics models can contribute to this process. A recent review has compared existing T. solium transmission models, identifying their similarities and differences in structure, parameterization and modelled intervention approaches. While a formal model comparison to investigate the impact of interventions is yet to be conducted, the models agree on the importance of coverage for intervention effectiveness and on the fact that human- and pig-focused interventions can be optimally combined. One of these models, cystiSim, an individual-based, stochastic model has been used to assess field-applicable interventions, some currently under evaluation in on-going trials in Zambia. The EPICYST, population-based, deterministic model has highlighted, based on simulating a generic sub-Saharan Africa setting, the higher efficacy (measured as the percentage of human cysticercosis cases prevented) of biomedical interventions (human and pig treatment and pig vaccination) compared to improved husbandry, sanitation, and meat inspection. Important questions remain regarding which strategies and combinations thereof provide sustainable solutions for severely resource-constrained endemic settings. Defining realistic timeframes to achieve feasible targets, and establishing suitable measures of effectiveness for these targets that can be quantified with current monitoring and evaluation tools, are current major barriers to identifying validated strategies. Taenia solium transmission models can support setting achievable 2030 goals; however, the refinement of these models is first required. Incorporating socio-economic elements, improved understanding of underlying biological processes, and consideration of spatial dynamics are key knowledge gaps that need addressing to support model development.
The C9orf72 expansion is associated with accelerated respiratory function decline in a large Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis cohort
Authors: Rooney James , Murray Deirdre , Campion Anna , Moloney Hannah , Tattersall Rachel , Doherty Mark , Hammond Michaela , Heverin Mark , McLaughlin Russell , Hardiman Orla
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion is causal in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and has a negative effect on prognosis. The C9orf72 repeat expansion has been associated with an accelerated deterioration of respiratory function and survival in a cohort of 372 Portuguese patients.

Methods: Cases presenting to the Irish ALS clinic with both longitudinal occluded sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) and C9orf72 testing were including in the study. Clinical variables and survival characteristics of these patients were collected. Joint longitudinal and time to event models were constructed to explore the longitudinal characteristics of the cohort by C9orf72 status.

Results: In total, 630 cases were included, of which 58 (9.2%) carried the C9orf72 repeat expansion. Plots of the longitudinal trend after joint modelling revealed that those carrying the expansion had worse respiratory function throughout the course of their disease than those without. The ALS Functional Rating Scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) respiratory sub-score did not distinguish C9orf72 normal from expanded cases. Furthermore, modelling by site of onset and gender sub-groups revealed that this difference was greatest in male spinal onset cases. Joint models further indicated that occluded SNIP values were of prognostic importance.

Conclusions: Our results confirm findings from Portugal that the C9orf72 repeat expansion is associated with accelerated respiratory function decline. Analysis via joint models indicate that respiratory function is of prognostic importance and may explain previous observations of poorer prognosis in male spinal onset patients carrying the C9orf72 expansion.
Stosunek rządu Australii do nielegalnej migracji w latach 1996–2018
Authors: Filus Adam
Published: September 2019

Australian Governments’ Stance on Illegal Immigration in 1996–2018

Australia is well known for its strict immigration policy. It results from the country’s constant struggle with the flow of illegal migrants, brought to Australian shores through human smuggling. The author analyses immigration policies of five Prime Ministers representing two major Australian parties: the Liberal Party of Australia and the Australian Labor Party. Starting with the premiership of John Howard (1996–2007), and ending with Malcolm Turnbull’s era (2015– –2018), the author examines the situation of illegal immigrants in Australia and changes in immigration and asylum policies.
Namiestnicy Królestwa Polskiego wobec polskiego ruchu niepodległościowego w drugiej połowie 1861 i pierwszej połowie 1862 roku w świetle ich korespondencji z carem Aleksandrem II
Authors: Wałdoch Jacek
Published: September 2019

Namiestniks of the Kingdom of Poland and Their Attitude Towards the Independence Movement in the Second Half of 1861 and the First half of 1862 in their Correspondence with the Tsar Alexander II

The 1861 events proved to be essential for the development of independence movement in the Kingdom of Poland. The growing revolutionary feelings were further roused by the incompetent policy of the Tsar and his namiestniks (viceroys in Poland), whose decisions resulted in the orderly rule of the kingdom becoming increasingly difficult. The namiestniks had to meet Tsar’s demands, while at the same time trying at ameliorate the worsening domestic situation. The Tsar had obvious difficulty with the selection of appropriate personae to execute these functions. Namiestniks were changed four times in the span of one year, and the post was held by Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov, Nikolai Onufrievich Sukhozanet, Karl Karlovich Lambert and Alexander Nikolajewitsch von Lüders. Keeping order and strict military regulations was not accompanied by knowledgeable execution of civilian administration, which would respect the specific situation of the Kingdom of Poland.
Make the most of the AHP workforce
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: September 2019

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, suggests that nurse leaders need to be looking at how allied health professional roles fit into workforce strategies
Detection of Inclusions and Degradation in Injection-Molded Thermoplastics
Authors: Kim Sun Kyoung , Bae Seulgi , Sung Jihyun , Choi Shinbi
Published: September 2019

This work suggests a formal procedure to identify inclusions and anomalies in injection molded specimens. To find a suitable procedure, experiments with actual molded specimens have been tested. The specimens were injection molded blow preform of PET with inclusions and the PET preform degraded intentionally by controlling the residence time. By microtoming the inclusions have been exposed to the surface and then they have been analyzed by XRD, XRF, FTIR and DSC. Based on the results, this study have proposed a simple protocol for identifying visually observable foreign or unwanted substances. It starts with optical microscopy followed by SEM/EDS. Based on the result and amount of the inclusions, the procedure move onto conventional FTIR or micro-IR test. The XRF can be of aid especially when the inclusion is inorganic.
Identification of complications in paediatric cerebral palsy treated with intrathecal baclofen pump: A descriptive analysis of 15 years at one institution
Authors: Imerci A. , Rogers K. J. , Pargas C. , Sees J. P. , Miller F.
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) treatment is used with increasing frequency in the cerebral palsy population. We describe the complications of ITB treatment, the incidence of complications, and our experience with their treatment.

Methods

In a period of 15 years, 341 paediatric patients with cerebral palsy treated with ITB were evaluated. Device problems associated with the catheter or pump, or infection and complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and postdural spinal headache, were reviewed. Infection was classified as early (≤ 90 days) or late (> 90 days) according to the time of onset.

Results

The infection rate was 6.9% per procedure (50/720) and 14.6% per patient (50/341) over a mean 6.3 ± 3.9 years. There was a positive correlation between the risk of infection and preoperative comorbidities including epilepsy/seizure history, feeding tube, and mixed type cerebral palsy (p < 0.05, p = 0.03, p = 0.01, respectively). Eighty-five (24.9%) patients experienced 90 CSF leak episodes; 61 of these 85 patients had headache complaints as a result of CSF leak. There was a positive correlation between the risk of early infection and CSF leak (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The most common complication related to ITB was associated with pump and catheter problems. The rate of complications with the use of ITB is relatively high; however, based on the literature reports, it is the most effective treatment for severe spasticity and dystonia in patients with severe cerebral palsy.

Level of Evidence

III
Immunopathological immunohistochemical study of low pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 infection in lovebirds (Agapornis spp.) in Indonesia
Authors: Zulfikhar Zulfikhar , Wasito Raden , Wuryastuti Hastari
Published: September 2019

Background and Aim: To date, persistent infection with low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 (LPAI H5N1) in chickens is widespread in Indonesia. Commercially available ornamental birds on markets play an important role in triggering the occurrence of AIV outbreaks. Thus, the presence of AIV in ornamental birds such as lovebirds needs to be closely monitored. Here, the presence of LPAI H5N1 was investigated in lovebirds with no clinical signs that, although apparently healthy, can be a continuous source of AIV transmission to other sensitive birds such as chickens and even humans.

Materials and Methods: In the present study, 30 lovebirds were necropsied. The immunopathology of the lungs, which had hemorrhages, was immunohistochemically studied using the streptavidin-biotin (SB) method to stain for LPAI H5N1. Polyclonal antibodies against the nucleoprotein or monoclonal antibodies against the hemagglutinin of the AIV subtype H5N1 were used to identify these antigens in lung tissue samples.

Results: LPAI H5N1 was detected in the lungs of all lovebirds according to the brownish colored deposits in the histological samples. The highest intensity of the SB staining was found in the lumina of vascular capillaries and the cell membranes of air capillaries. The discovery of LPAI H5N1 in lovebirds increases the environmental health risk and raises the possibility of exposure to AIV. Thus, it is very important to improve the mechanisms that control the traffic of ornamental birds between regions and islands, as well as the AIV vaccination strategies related to the prevention, control, and eradication of AIV in Indonesia, and these procedures should be reevaluated.

Conclusion: The present study proves that lovebirds are infected with LPAI subtype H5N1. Even if ornamental birds such as lovebirds do not show any clinical signs, they are likely to be a persistently infected with LPAI H5N1. Therefore, ornamental birds might be a continuous source of LPAI H5N1 infections in other sensitive birds, including poultry, and may also be responsible for virus transmission to humans.
Spatial Pattern of Rice Field Productivity based on Physical Characteristics of Landscape in Citarum Watershed, West Java
Authors: Purwono Nugroho , Aprianto Arif
Published: September 2019

This research to analyse the pattern of rice field productivity that is identified through landscape perspective. Identification of productivity pattern has been done partially based on each typology of land components into several segment of the Citarum watershed, West Java Province, Indonesia. Spatial autocorrelation through GIS tool is used as the method in this research. By using moran’s I (index) measurement, degree of dependency of these variables are generated to find the spatial pattern. The result of this study is separated the value of productivity based on segments of watershed, the values of the average of productivity are upstream (6,39 ton/Ha), middle stream (6,52 ton/Ha), and downstream (7,17 ton/Ha), sequentially. The highest productivity is in the downstream area (9,83 ton/Ha) and the lowest is in the upstream area (4,55 ton/Ha). In accordance with physiographic typology showed the rice field in the middle stream has more variation than the upstream or teh downstream area. The highest of average rice field productivity is on alluvial plain. Overall, the rice field productivity on the hills is higher rather that other types of landform the stuctural formation is more dominant, in addition. The spatial pattern shows the distribution of rice field  productivity most likely to clustered based on the similarity of physiographic type. Statistically, it has p-value <0,01 and z-score >2,58 (239,26) correspond to Spatial Autocorrelation (Moron’s I). This positive value means a less than 1% likelihood that this clustered pattern could be result of random choice, which the rice field productivity value has similar pattern to others. Thus, it can be generated that the pattern of rice field productivity has a very close relation with the physical characteristics which associated of each typology of land components.
ANALISIS SEDIMENTASI DAN KONSENTRASI ATMOSFER PADA ZONA MANGROVE DI MUARAGEMBONG, BEKASI
Authors: Sukwika Tatan , Putra Hermansyah
Published: September 2019

Kondisi hutan mangrove di kawasan Muaragembong terus mengalami kerusakan dan telah memicu peningkatan erosi di daratan yang menyebabkan sedimentasi, seperti pendangkalan perairan pesisir dan kerusakan pada ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan antara konsentrasi total dissolved solids (TDS) perairan dengan top of atmosfer (TOA), menyusun model persamaan pendugaan TDS, dan menentukan jenis spektral citra landsat yang terbaik. Metode penelitian ini berupa pengambilan data dan uji sampel kandungan sedimen, mengembangkan model pendugaan TDS pada acquisition imagery reflectance, dan terakhir, pengolahan data citra satelit Landsat-8 OLI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi antara konsentrasi TDS di perairan dan TOA sebesar -0,782. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan kuat antara konsentrasi TDS perairan dengan TOA, model persamaan pendugaan TDS terbaik yaitu model eksponensial serta jenis spektral citra landsat yang terbaik adalah band-6. Rekomendasi kebijakan penelitian adalah melakukan rehabilitasi mangrove dan pembangunan breakwater di sekitar zona mangrove Muaragembong.
Designing of IMC-PID Controller for Higher-order Process Based on Model Reduction Method and Fractional Coefficient Filter with Real-time Verification
Authors: Nath Ujjwal Manikya , Dey Chanchal , Mudi Rajani K.
Published: September 2019

An improved model reduction scheme is proposed here for higher-order processes and subsequently an enhanced IMC-PID controller is designed based on the obtained reduced model. In the proposed scheme, higher-order processes are estimated as first-order-plus-dead-time (FOPDT) model. Designed IMC controller includes a filter having two separate time constants with fractional order coefficients. Efficacy of the proposed model reduction scheme is verified in terms of closed loop performance evaluation for higher-order minimum and non-minimum phase process models in comparison with improved SIMC (iSIMC) controller (Grimholt. Optimal PI and PID control of first-order plus delay processes and evaluation of the original and improved SIMC rules. J Process Control. 2018;70:36–46). Overall performance enhancement for the proposed method is demonstrated through simulation study as well as real-time experimentation on a level control loop.
Barba/ro Dante
Authors: Vitali Fabien
Published: September 2019

Riassunto

La storia delle letture della Commedia nel sedicesimo secolo è ben documentata – dalle Prose della volgar lingua di Bembo fino ai commenti che, ridimensionando o avallandone il giudizio limitativo, comunque documentano il »precipitoso inarrestabile declino« (Dionisotti) della fama dantesca. Questa storia è basata soprattutto su giudizi espressi dagli »scrittori di alta classe«. Di contro, poco sappiamo del grado di diffusione e del significato di cui la Commedia godeva in ambito popolare. Partendo da alcune indicazioni presenti nello studio di Carlo Ginzburg, Il formaggio e i vermi, il saggio s’interroga anzitutto sul rapporto tra cultura popolare e Commedia nel Cinquecento. Più che alla dimensione storico-sociologica, l’interesse sarà rivolto a ciò che la ›popolarità‹ di Dante possa dirci della sua stessa opera. Riformulando quindi il problema in funzione dei presupposti teorici della Commedia – »villanus cantus« (Sanguineti), in parte scritto »per la piazza« (Pertile) – si arriverà ad esaminarne alcune qualità che con Mandelstam potremmo definire come »barbare«, quasi i fattori intrinseci dell’›attrattiva popolare‹ della poesia dantesca.Nella seconda parte, l’indagine si estenderà su alcuni esempi di lettori di Dante – Gelli, Doni, Franco. ›Popolari‹ di origine, ma non privi di educazione letteraria, questi autori a partire dagli anni ’30 irrompono nel campo delle forze con proposte originali, irriducibili alle posizioni della cultura egemone. Non solo: il loro discorso s’interseca in più punti con correnti di pensiero eterodosso, sia perché contrario al magistero classicistico-bembesco, sia perché affine alla Riforma. È quanto, in particolare, suggerisce un testo di Niccolò Franco cui si dedicherà un’analisi più approfondita – una lettera-finzione del 1547, rivolta a »Barba Dante«. Qui le parti coinvolte nella questione dantesca sono oggetto di un discorso apparentemente burlesco, ma che a ben vedere s’iscrive piuttosto nel registro ambiguo del paradosso erasmiano. In effetti, se Franco finge di assecondare le posizioni dominanti (Bembo, la Chiesa), in realtà le mina, accentuandone gli argomenti al punto da spingerle ad absurdum. L’esempio fa pensare che Dante ridiventi un punto di riferimento per la nuova generazione degli autori che nella generale contesa delle parti – »Streit der Autoritäten« (Kablitz/Regn) – cercano di affermarsi, militando per un’idea di letteratura alternativa a quella ufficiale.
Transmediale Übertragungsstrategien im Comic Dante’s Inferno (Gage/Latorre)
Authors: Stiefel Viola
Published: September 2019

Riassunto

Il fumetto Dante’s Inferno è uscito nel 2010 per la casa editrice Panini. Questo Inferno, ispirandosi alla struttura del testo originale dantesco, non segue tuttavia la tradizione dell’illustrazione ›classica‹ della Divina Commedia, ma offre una nuova interpretazione transmediale: Dante è rappresentato come crociato e guerriero, colpevole e peccatore. Beatrice in confronto sembra ambigua: è illustrata tanto come donna fedele quanto come regina mostruosa dell’inferno. Dall’analisi condotta secondo il modello di Juliane Blank emerge che l’Inferno dantesco non è soltanto una fonte di ispirazione tematica per gli autori, ma serve da modello per la struttura che sta alla base del fumetto. L’azione è costruita sull’organizzazione dei cerchi infernali e dei rispettivi peccati. Simultaneamente, sia i personaggi che i motivi danteschi subiscono una conversione transmediale adattata al genere del fumetto.
All-optical vectorial control of multistate magnetization through anisotropy-mediated spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Lin Shirong , Nie Zhongquan , Yan Weichao , Liang Yao , Lin Han , Zhao Qing , Jia Baohua
Published: September 2019

The interplay between light and magnetism is considered as a promising solution to fully steer multidimensional magnetic oscillations/vectors, facilitating the development of all-optical multilevel recording/memory technologies. To date, impressive progress in multistate magnetization instead of a binary level has been witnessed by primarily resorting to double laser beam excitation. Yet, the control mechanisms are limited to specific magnetic medium or intricate optical configuration as well as overlooking the crystallographic architecture of the media and the polarization-phase linkage of the light fields. Here, we theoretically present a novel all-optical strategy for generating arbitrary multistate magnetization through the inverse Faraday effect. This is achieved by strongly focusing a single vortex-phase configured beam with circular polarization onto the anisotropic magnetic medium. By judiciously tuning the topological charge effect, the optical anisotropic effect, and the anisotropic optomagnetic effect, the light-induced magnetic vector can be flexibly redistributed between its transverse and longitudinal components, thus enabling orientation-unlimited multilevel magnetization control. In this optomagnetic process, we also reveal the role of anisotropy-mediated spin-orbit coupling, another physical mechanism that enables the effective translation of the angular momentum of light fields to the magnetic system. Furthermore, the conceptual paradigm of all-optical multistate magnetization is verified. Our findings show great prospect in multidimensional high-density optomagnetic recording and memory devices and also in high-speed information processing science and technology.
Comparison of the Shoulder External Rotator Strength and Asymmetry Ratio Between Workers With and Without Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Kim Jun-Hee , Kwon Oh-Yun , Hwang Ui-Jae , Jung Sung-Hoon , Ahn Sun-Hee , Kim Hyun-A
Published: September 2019

Kim, J-H, Kwon, O-Y, Hwang, U-J, Jung, S-H, Ahn, S-H, and Kim, H-A. Comparison of shoulder external rotator strength and the asymmetry ratio between workers with and without shoulder impingement syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3364–3369, 2021—Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is the most common shoulder problem causing shoulder pain. Several studies have indicated that shoulder external rotator muscles provide dynamic stability to the shoulder joint. However, the relationship of SIS to changes in shoulder external rotator muscle strength remains controversial. The purpose of the study was to compare the shoulder external rotator strength and asymmetry ratio between workers with SIS and the normal group in a side-lying position. Twelve male industrial workers with SIS and the normal group of 12 workers participated in this study. A pulling sensor measured shoulder external rotator muscle strength in a side-lying position with the shoulder at 0° and 90° of flexion. The asymmetry ratio was calculated by a specific formula using the shoulder external rotator muscle strength of the dominant side and the unaffected side. Two-way analysis of variance was used to determine between-group differences in shoulder external rotator muscle strength and the asymmetry ratio among the 2 positions. Subjects with SIS did not exhibit significant differences in shoulder external rotator muscle strength in the side-lying position with the shoulder at 0° and 90° of flexion relative to the normal group. However, subjects with SIS had a significantly increased asymmetry ratio of shoulder external rotation strength in the side-lying position with the shoulder at 90° of flexion compared with the normal group. In conclusion, workers with SIS had an asymmetry of shoulder external rotator strength in side-lying with the shoulder at 90° of flexion.
Making Decisions with Data: Understanding Hypothesis Testing & Statistical Significance
Authors: Cooper Robert A.
Published: September 2019

Statistical methods are indispensable to the practice of science. But statistical hypothesis testing can seem daunting, with P-values, null hypotheses, and the concept of statistical significance. This article explains the concepts associated with statistical hypothesis testing using the story of “the lady tasting tea,” then walks the reader through an application of the independent-samples t-test using data from Peter and Rosemary Grant's investigations of Darwin's finches. Understanding how scientists use statistics is an important component of scientific literacy, and students should have opportunities to use statistical methods like this in their science classes.
Adventures in Evolution: The Narrative of Tardigrada, Trundlers in Time
Authors: Babaian Caryn , Kumar Sudhir
Published: September 2019

A lesson plan on the phylum Tardigrada is presented in a storytelling workbook that introduces the evolutionary concepts of adaptive radiation, speciation, divergence, and “tree-thinking” through narrative, transitional art, contemplative coloring, and data searches, which can be enhanced with microscopy wet labs. Students gain insight into the invertebrate world of the highly adaptable, ubiquitous microorganisms known colloquially as “water bears,” generating a microevolutionary and macroevolutionary perspective through a narrative that includes an introduction to the TimeTree database.
Prediction of Group Performance: The Interplay of Individual Performance, Interpersonal Attraction, and Interpersonal Behavior
Authors: Nikoleizig Lucie , Nestler Steffen , Krause Sascha
Published: September 2019

On the basis of the input-process-output model, the present research examined how individual performance, interpersonal attraction, and interpersonal behavior affect group performance in a problem-solving task. 164 participants were assigned to 41 groups, each consisting of four same-sex members. Participants completed a measure of interpersonal attraction and individually solved the established moon-landing task. Afterwards, all group members worked together to find a common solution for this task. Four interpersonal behaviors were recorded on video while the group interacted (cooperative, communicative, coordinative, and conflict behavior). Two main findings emerged: First, on average, groups performed better than the individuals did alone. Second, individual performance, interpersonal attraction, and directly observed interpersonal behaviors were independent predictors of group performance. Furthermore, we found indications that interpersonal behavior might play a mediating role here. The results and their implications are discussed.
BULANIK ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME ORTAMINDA YEŞİL TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİ
Authors: MADENOĞLU Fatma Selen
Published: September 2019

Yasal düzenlemeler ve müşterilerin artan çevre koruma bilinci, işletmeleri tedarik zinciri faaliyetlerini, yeşil tedarikçi zinciri yönetimine uygun olarak çevreye daha az zarar verecek şekilde yapılandırmaya özen gösterir hale getirmiştir. Yeşil tedarikçi seçimi, yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetiminde rol alan önemli faktörlerdendir. Yeşil tedarikçi seçiminde ekonomik ve çevresel kriterler birlikte ele alınmaktadır. Yeşil tedarikçi seçim problemleri belirsizlik içerdiğinden karar vericilerin dilsel ifadelerle görüşlerini belirtebilecekleri bulanık küme teorisi kullanılmaktadır. Yeşil tedarikçi seçim probleminde, birden fazla alternatif birden fazla kritere göre değerlendirildiğinden, çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri bu problemin çözümü için oldukça uygundur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, nicel verilerin yetersiz olduğu yeşil tedarikçi seçim ortamında, önerilen çözüm yöntemini kullanarak yeşil tedarikçi seçimini gerçekleştirmektir. Önerilen modelde, yeşil tedarikçi sıralaması Bulanık TOPSİS, Bulanık Vikor, Bulanık Gri İlişkisel Analiz, Bulanık Aras yöntemleri ile elde edilmiştir. Tedarikçi seçim ve değerlendirme kriter ağırlıkları bulanık SWARA yöntemiyle belirlenmiş ve bilgi kaybının olmasını önlemek için çok kriterli karar verme problemlerinde de kriter ağırlıkları bulanık sayı olarak kullanılmıştır. Önerilen çözüm modeli, orta ölçekli şehir mobilya üretimi gerçekleştiren bir işletmenin yeşil tedarikçi seçim sürecine uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulama için yapılan hesaplamalar neticesinde dört yöntemden aynı tedarikçi sıralaması elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan dört çok kriterli karar verme yönteminin temel ve kavramsal özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu problem için gri ilişkisel analiz yönteminin daha uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
FOTO SAFARİ ETKİNLİKLERİNE KATILAN BİREYLERİN EKOLOJİK DÜNYA GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KEMENT Üzeyir
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı foto safari etkinliğine katılan turistlerin/rekreasyonistlerin ekolojik dünya görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi ve katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ile ekolojik dünya görüşleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evrenini Bingöl’de gerçekleştirilen foto safari etkinliği oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket formundan faydalanılmıştır. Toplamda 436 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ekolojik dünya görüşü ölçeğinin geçerlilik, güvenilirlik ve dağılım normalliği analizleri yapıldıktan sonra araştırma sorusu ve hipotezlerin testine geçilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre katılımcıların ekolojik dünya görüşlerinin ortalaması 3,87 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların en fazla katıldığı ifade “doğada insanlar kadar bitki ve hayvanlar da hakka sahiptir” (X=4,10) olmuştur. Ayrıca katılımcıların eğitim düzeyleri arttıkça ekolojik dünya görüşlerinin de arttığı tespit edilmiştir (F=5,505, p=0,000). Diğer yandan katılımcıların cinsiyeti (p=0,182), medeni durumu (p=0,225) ve yaş aralıkları (F=1,104, p=0,347) ile ekolojik dünya görüşleri arasında bir ilişkiye rastlanılmamıştır.
ALTIN BANKACILIĞI VE İŞLETMELER AÇISINDAN ALTIN İŞLEMLERİNİN MUHASEBESİ
Authors: CANBAZ Mustafa
Published: September 2019

Altın geçmişten bugüne bir güç sembolü, yanı sıra değişim ve servet biriktirme aracı olarak yoğun ilgi kabul görmektedir. Öte yandan, kolay işlenebilirliği ve iletkenliği kullanım alanını giderek artırırken en fazla ziynet (süs eşyası) ve mücevher olarak tercih edilmektedir. Ancak, bütün bunlara karşılık altın ağırlıklı olarak ekonomi dışında tutulmakta ve mali kaynakların verimsiz kullanılmasına yol açılmaktadır. Bu durum son yıllarda yapılan düzenlemelerle önlenmek istenmekte, altın bankacılığı sayesinde mali sisteme çekilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, altın bankacılığı ve ekonomisi hakkında genel bilgi verildikten sonra işletmelerin bankalar ile altına dayalı olarak gerçekleştirdikleri işlemlerden bir kısmı ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda, başta vadeli veya vadesiz mevduat depo hesapları olmak üzere altın kredisi kullanımı gibi işlemlerin muhasebesi bulunmaktadır. Bu işlemler, Maliye Bakanlığı’nın 1992 tarihli Tekdüzen Hesap Planı esas alınarak yapılmıştır. Böylece, oldukça yeni ve güncel olan bu konunun literatüre teorik katkı sağlamak yanında işletme sahip ve uygulayıcılara katkı sağlaması ve rehberlik yapması da amaçlanmıştır. Bu ikincisi, çalışmanın yöntemini belirlerken, yoğunlaşılan esas alanı oluşturmuştur.
YATIRIMCI DUYARLILIĞININ PİYASA GETİRİLERİNE OLAN ETKİSİ: ENDEKS VADELİ İŞLEM SÖZLEŞMELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: MÜLDÜR Gözde Türkmen , ÖNAL Yıldırım Beyazıt
Published: September 2019

Spot piyasalarda varlık fiyatlamasında belirleyici faktörlerden biri olan yatırımcı duyarlılığının vadeli işlem piyasalarını da etkileme olasılığı oldukça yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Vadeli İşlem Piyasasında işlem gören kontratların getiri, işlem hacmi ve açık pozisyonları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi ile bilgiye dayalı işlem yapmayan kalabalıkların sistematik olarak piyasayı etkileme gücünün olup olmadığının ortaya konulması; Türkiye gibi finansal piyasaları hızla büyüyen bir ülke için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma ile Nisan 2006 - Nisan 2016 dönemlerinde yatırımcı duyarlılığının, Türkiye’de Endeks Vadeli İşlem Sözleşmelerinin getirilerini etkileyip etkilemediği araştırılmıştır. Vadeli işlem piyasa getirilerini temsilen, BIST 30 Endeks Vadeli İşlem Sözleşmelerinin getirileri incelenmiş ve yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda, yatırımcı duyarlılığı temsilcilerinin getirileri anlamlı bir şekilde etkilediği görülmüştür. Çalışma, bilindiği kadarıyla, Türkiye’de vadeli işlem piyasalarında yatırımcı duyarlılığının etkisini araştıran ilk çalışma olması nedeniyle önem arz etmektedir.
ÖRGÜTSEL ADALETİN İŞE ADANMIŞLIK İLE İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ERDİRENÇELEBİ Meral , KARATAŞ Cemile Gül
Published: September 2019

Son yıllarda değişen örgütsel yönetim anlayışı, insan odaklı bir bakış açısına dayanmakta ve işgörenlerin maddi ihtiyaçları yanında sosyal ve psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının da dikkate alınmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. İşgörenlerin, örgütlerin iç paydaşı olmaları, örgütsel süreçler üzerindeki büyük etkileri, yönetim biliminde insan davranışlarının daha sıklıkla konu edilmesinin önünü açmıştır. Örgütlerde işgören davranışlarının tanımlanıp birtakım faktörlerle ilişkisinin açıklanma çabası örgütsel davranış alanına yeni açılımlar sunmuştur. Bu noktadan hareketle kurgulanmış olan araştırmada, Konya’da bankacılık sektörü çalışanlarının örgütsel adalet algılarının, işe adanmışlık ve işten ayrılma niyetleri üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, banka çalışanlarının örgütsel adalet algısının işe adanmışlık düzeyini artırdığı ve işten ayrılma niyetini ise azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
TEMETTÜNÜN BİLGİ İÇERİĞİ (SİNYAL TEORİSİ): BORSA İSTANBUL UYGULAMASI
Authors: DENİZ Devran
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada 2006-2018 veri dönemi için Borsa İstanbul’a kayıtlı bulunan imalat sanayi ve finansal sektöre ait şirketlerde sinyal teorisinin (temettünün bilgi içeriği) geçerliliği araştırılmıştır. Bunun için şirketlerin temettü değişimleri ile gelecek yıllardaki kâr değişimleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda temettü değişimleri ile temettü değişimini takip eden yılın kâr değişimi arasında pozitif yönlü ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Söz konusu ilişki imalat sanayi sektöründe hem büyük hem küçük ölçekli, finansal sektörde ise yalnızca büyük ölçekli şirketlerde geçerlidir. Sonuç olarak Borsa İstanbul’da imalat sanayi sektöründe ve finansal sektörde büyük ölçekli şirketlerde temettünün  gelecek yılların finansal durumu hakkında bilgi içeriği olduğu  doğrulanmıştır. Temettü değişimi ile temettü değişimini takip eden 2’inci yılın kâr değişimi arasında ise bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bu durum temettü değişiminin ertesi yılında olan kâr değişiminin kalıcı olduğunu göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla söz konusu bulgu yöneticilerin temettü değişimini ancak şirketin finansal durumunda kalıcı değişimler olduğunu düşündükleri zamanlar yaptığı fenomeniyle örtüşmektedir.
FERTILITY PRESERVATION: Progress and prospects for developing human immature oocytes in vitro
Authors: Telfer Evelyn E
Published: September 2019

Ovarian cryopreservation rapidly developed from basic science to clinical application and can now be used to preserve the fertility of girls and young women at high risk of sterility. Primordial follicles can be cryopreserved in ovarian cortex for long-term storage and subsequently autografted back at an orthotopic or heterotopic site to restore fertility. However, autografting carries a risk of re-introducing cancer cells in patients with blood-born leukaemias or cancers with a high risk of ovarian metastasis. For these women fertility restoration could only be safely achieved in the laboratory by the complete in vitro growth (IVG) and maturation (IVM) of cryopreserved primordial follicles to fertile metaphase II (MII) oocytes. Culture systems to support the development of human oocytes have provided greater insight into the process of human oocyte development as well as having potential applications within the field of fertility preservation. The technology required to culture human follicles is extremely challenging, but significant advances have been made using animal models and translation to human. This review will detail the progress that has been made in developing human in vitro growth systems and consider the steps required to progress this technology towards clinical application.
Ring, Band or Suture in Tricuspid Annuloplasty for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation; Which is Better and More Durable?
Authors: Adas Ahmed , Elnaggar Ahmed , Balbaa Yehia , Elashkar Ahmed , Alkady Hesham Mostafa
Published: September 2019

Background: In this study, we evaluate different annuloplasty modalities to repair functional tricuspid regurgitation.
Patients and methods: Between January 2011 and January 2017, 200 patients with moderate or greater functional tricuspid regurgitation received tricuspid valve repair as part of primary surgeries on the left side of their cardiac valves. Of these, 39 patients received rings (Group A), 84 patients received bands (Group B), and 77 patients received suture annuloplasty (Group C).
Results: Two patients from Group C were operated on again, during the primary hospital stay due to severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation. The degrees of early postoperative tricuspid regurgitation – mean vena contracta and mean jet area – significantly were higher in Group C. During a mean follow-up period of 26 ± 12.6 months, 5 patients within Group C (6.85%) and one patient in Group B (1.3%) were operated on again with tricuspid valve replacement due to severe symptomatic tricuspid incompetence. Also during follow up, mean degrees of tricuspid regurgitation, mean vena contracta, and mean jet areas significantly were higher in Group C.
Conclusion: Patients who received rings followed by band annuloplasty had better early and late results with lower recurrence rates than those who received suture annuloplasty
Genome Improvement and Genetic Map Construction for Aethionema arabicum, the First Divergent Branch in the Brassicaceae Family
Authors: Nguyen Thu-Phuong , Mühlich Cornelia , Mohammadin Setareh , van den Bergh Erik , Platts Adrian E , Haas Fabian B , Rensing Stefan A , Schranz M Eric
Published: September 2019

The genus Aethionema is a sister-group to the core-group of the Brassicaceae family that includes Arabidopsis thaliana and the Brassica crops. Thus, Aethionema is phylogenetically well-placed for the investigation and understanding of genome and trait evolution across the family. We aimed to improve the quality of the reference genome draft version of the annual species Aethionema arabicum. Second, we constructed the first Ae. arabicum genetic map. The improved reference genome and genetic map enabled the development of each other. We started with the initially published genome (version 2.5). PacBio and MinION sequencing together with genetic map v2.5 were incorporated to produce the new reference genome v3.0. The improved genome contains 203 MB of sequence, with approximately 94% of the assembly made up of called (non-gap) bases, assembled into 2,883 scaffolds (with only 6% of the genome made up of non-called bases (Ns)). The N50 (10.3 MB) represents an 80-fold increase over the initial genome release. We generated a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population that was derived from two ecotypes: Cyprus and Turkey (the reference genotype. Using a Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) approach, we generated a high-density genetic map with 749 (v2.5) and then 632 SNPs (v3.0) was generated. The genetic map and reference genome were integrated, thus greatly improving the scaffolding of the reference genome into 11 linkage groups. We show that long-read sequencing data and genetics are complementary, resulting in an improved genome assembly in Ae. arabicum. They will facilitate comparative genetic mapping work for the Brassicaceae family and are also valuable resources to investigate wide range of life history traits in Aethionema.
Speech emotion classification using fractal dimension-based features
Authors: Tamulevičius Gintautas , Karbauskaitė Rasa , Dzemyda Gintautas
Published: September 2019

During the last 10–20 years, a great deal of new ideas have been proposed to improve the accuracy of speech emotion recognition: e.g., effective feature sets, complex classification schemes, and multi-modal data acquisition. Nevertheless, speech emotion recognition is still the task in limited success. Considering the nonlinear and fluctuating nature of the emotional speech, in this paper, we present fractal dimension-based features for speech emotion classification. We employed Katz, Castiglioni, Higuchi, and Hurst exponent-based features and their statistical functionals to establish the 224-dimensional full feature set. The dimension was downsized by applying the Sequential Forward Selection technique. The results of experimental study show a clear superiority of fractal dimension-based feature sets against the acoustic ones. The average accuracy of 96.5% was obtained using the reduced feature sets. The feature selection enabled us to obtain the 4-dimensional and 8-dimensional sets for Lithuanian and German emotions, respectively.