bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dia bonito pra chover: Escrita negra e poética da interpretação em Lívia Natália
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de , Nunes Davi , Prado Thiago Martins
Published: July 2018

Analisamos traços de intencionalidade e autoria na obra da escritora negra baiana Lívia Natália.  Para tanto, tomamos o livro de poesia Dia bonito pra chover como material de análise. Utilizamos as teorias de interpretação do texto literário, com o debate sobre a intencionalidade da autoria e autonomia da linguagem poética na obra, como referencial teórico-metodológico. A análise objetiva articular uma crítica interpretativa voltada para escrita negra, para a consolidação do gênero literatura negra.
Fátussengóla: escrita cativante de Gociante Patissa
Authors: Rabello Rosana Baú , Tonet Nvunda
Published: July 2018

Resenha sobre Fátussengóla, o homem do rádio que espalhava dúvidas, livro de contos e crônicas do escritor angolano Daniel Gociante Patissa.
Aspectos Cancionais do Rap em Criolo e Emicida
Authors: Pitta Alexandre Carvalho
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar as articulações entre concepções da canção popular urbana e a obra musical dos rappers Criolo e Emicida. Traçando eixos comparativos entre a bricolagem e o sampling, método que está na base das canções de rap, buscamos compreender como essa dinâmica interfere nas interpretações sobre a canção popular brasileira. As canções dos artistas em estudo selecionadas para este trabalho estão presentes nos álbuns “Ainda há tempo” e “O glorioso retorno de quem nunca esteve aqui”.
“Aqueles dois”: A heterossexualidade compulsória, a moral, o julgamento e as metáforas do amor sob o olhar de Caio Fernando Abreu
Authors: Barata Paulo José Valente
Published: July 2018

Propõe-se revisitar o conto “Aqueles dois”, de Caio Fernando Abreu, a fim de discutir como o autor evidencia uma sociedade heteronormativa compulsória que pune os protagonistas, Raul e Saul, por pensá-los gays. Julga-se importante destacar também as metáforas musicais que explicam o que sentem os protagonistas com a sutileza necessária àquele contexto. Recorremos, para tanto, aos estudos queer e aos textos de WITING (1992), FOUCAULT (1998) e BOURDIEU (2014), dentre outros.
Vozes sobre a literatura periférica: A recepção crítica das edições da Caros Amigos “Literatura marginal - A cultura da periferia”
Authors: Brandileone Ana Paula Franco Nobile , Martins Maria Luiza Navarro
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo objetiva discutir a recepção crítica no “calor da hora” dos três atos das edições Caros Amigos “Literatura Marginal – A Cultura da Periferia”, que são um marco para a consolidação do movimento literário marginal. Os recortes jornalísticos publicados em O Estado de São Paulo e Folha de São Paulo concorrem para comprovar que este movimento literário se fez ouvir, fazendo-se ecoar não apenas pelos seus pares.
A abordagem da temática racial no ensino da literatura canônica: Algumas reflexões
Authors: Carreira Nara Lasevicius
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho busca refletir sobre a forma como a temática racial tem sido abordada – quando tem sido – no ensino de literatura pensado para as coleções didáticas de língua portuguesa do Ensino Médio. Para tanto, são trazidos dados encontrados na pesquisa de mestrado em curso a respeito das obras didáticas aprovadas pelo PNLD 2015. Pela análise dos dados, é feito um diagnóstico da construção de repertórios literários pelos livros em questão e é delineado um esboço de proposta de trabalho para novas configurações do ensino de literatura na perspectiva da educação antirracista e do multiculturalismo crítico.
Performance e escrita em produções literárias marginais-periféricas de Allan Santos da Rosa e Dinha
Authors: Sales Karina Lima
Published: July 2018

O texto analisa contos do livro Reza de mãe, de Allan Santos da Rosa e poemas do livro Onde escondemos o ouro, de Dinha, sob a perspectiva de essas produções literárias marginais-periféricas configurarem-se como escritas performáticas impregnadas de perturbações sociais, delineando saberes, estabelecendo trocas, transgredindo a realidade, evocando-a e recriando-a literariamente. É das experiências e vivências dos autores que se constitui essa literatura-performance, entremesclando-se o vivido e o criado.
Leite de peito e leite de pedra: uma USP feminina e negroperiférica
Authors: Mota Maria Nilda De Carvalho
Published: July 2018

Trajetória entre graduação e finalização do doutorado
Caesar ’s Gauls: ethnography and virtus in Bello Gallico
Authors: Cella Giovane Vasconcellos
Published: July 2018

A obra intitulada Comentarii de Bello Gallico foi produzida por Caio Júlio César durante os seus pro-consulados na Ilíria e na Gália Cisalpina (59-50 A.E.C.) e trata das campanhas por este empreendidas na Gália, com os objetivos de subjugá-la e conquistá-la. Pretendemos analisar no presente artigo de que forma César estrutura sua etnografia da Gália como metonímia da região pelos habitantes e, portanto, excluindo as etnografias da Germania e da Britânia presente no Bello Gallico. Ademais, exploraremos como o autor constrói a imagem de um inimigo ideal ao articular a construção dessa etnografia com o conceito de virtus, criando um oponente valoroso o suficiente que por vezes é passível de comparação com os romanos, mas que ainda assim fora derrotado e conquistado por ele, César.
O direito à saúde nas cortes superiores
Authors: SCHULZE Clenio Jair
Published: July 2018

O "Tema em Debate" desta edição da Revista de Direito Sanitário trata do "Direito à saúde nas cortes superiores". São três artigos, em que são abordadas decisões judiciais relacionadas a importantes questões da teoria do direito e da vida em sociedade. O primeiro trata dos conflitos morais enfrentados pelos magistrados federais. O segundo aborda a judicialização da saúde suplementar. E o último investiga decisões indenizatórias do Superior Tribunal de Justiça em danos obstétricos.
Judicialização em planos de saúde coletivos: os efeitos da opção regulatória da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar nos conflitos entre consumidores e operadoras
Authors: TRETTEL Daniela Batalha , KOZAN Juliana Ferreira , SCHEFFER Mario César
Published: July 2018

Este estudo aborda a judicialização na saúde suplementar por meio da análise de ações judiciais contidas na base pública on-line do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. Com a aplicação de formulário, foram analisadas 4.059 ações relacionadas a contratos coletivos de planos de saúde, ajuizadas no Município de São Paulo nos anos de 2013 e 2014. Além de quantificar e descrever o perfil das demandas levadas à Justiça, buscou-se a análise qualitativa de decisões judiciais. O estudo identificou que os principais problemas judicializados são exclusão de coberturas, manutenção do aposentado no contrato coletivo e reajuste de mensalidade de idosos por mudança de faixa etária e por aumento de sinistralidade. Conclui-se que a regulação e a jurisprudência são desarmônicas, apresentando-se sugestões de mudanças regulatórias necessárias para diminuição de conflitos que permeiam o mercado de planos e seguros de saúde.
Prognostic Value of Serial Echocardiography in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Son Jae Sung , James Adam , Fan Chun-Po Steve , Mertens Luc , McCrindle Brian W. , Manlhiot Cedric , Friedberg Mark K.
Published: July 2018

Background:

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) carries a high mortality. The prognostic value of echocardiographic variables at presentation and the importance of serial data are poorly explored.

Methods and Results:

We retrospectively analyzed longitudinal clinical and echocardiographic parameters of children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The primary outcome was time to death or transplant after stage-1 surgery, right censored at stage 3 surgery, accounting for sequential surgical procedures. Univariable and multivariable analysis identified risk factors for transplant or mortality. Time-dependent trends in echo parameters stratified by patient survival were explored using nonparametric methods. In total 67 children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome were included. The 10-week, 20-week, and 1-year survival proportions were 77.6% (66–86), 68.7% (56–78), and 54.1% (41–65), respectively. At presentation, multivariable analysis identified a thicker interventricular septum (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64;
P
=0.007) to be associated with increased risk for transplant/death, whereas higher tricuspid valve annular planar systolic excursion z score (HR, 0.61;
P
=0.003) was associated with reduced risk of mortality/transplant. After stage-1, higher body surface area-indexed right ventricular end-systolic area (HR, 1.52;
P
=0.02), lower fractional area change (HR, 1.18;
P
=0.01), and qualitatively decreased right ventricular function (HR, 2.55;
P
=0.08) were associated with increased risk of transplant-free mortality, censored at stage 3. Higher body surface area-indexed right ventricular end-diastolic area (HR, 0.76;
P
=0.04) and better tricuspid valve annular planar systolic excursion z score (HR, 0.49;
P
=0.01) were associated with lower mortality/transplant. During follow-up, right ventricular dilation, dysfunction, and tricuspid regurgitation improved in transplant-free survivors and worsened in those transplanted or who died.

Conclusions:

Conventional echocardiographic parameters at presentation and during follow-up are potential markers for transplant-free survival in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Is There an Age When Myocardial Perfusion Imaging May No Longer Be Prognostically Useful?
Authors: Erthal Fernanda , Hossain Alomgir , Dorbala Sharmila , Shaw Leslee J. , Di Carli Marcelo F. , Merhige Michael E. , Williams Brent A. , Veledar Emir , Min James K. , Berman Daniel S. , deKemp Robert A. , Beanlands Rob S.B. , Chow Benjamin J.W.
Published: July 2018

Background:

Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death, and the prevalence of coronary artery disease is expected to increase as the population ages. It is important to understand the clinical utility of medical tests, or its lack thereof, in the aging population. The objective of this study was to understand the incremental prognostic value of positron emission tomographic (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging in the elderly (≥85 years of age).

Methods and Results:

A total of 3343 patients enrolled in a multicenter observational PET registry were analyzed. Participants were initially divided into 3 age categories: 65 to 74.9, 75 to 84.9, and ≥85 years of age and followed for all-cause death. Median follow-up time was 3 years. Of the total patient population, 248 patients (49% men) were ≥85 years old. When compared with younger patients, individuals ≥85 years had a higher prevalence of hypertension (79%) and a lower incidence of dyslipidemia (54%) and diabetes mellitus (24%). On multivariable analysis, %left ventricular stress defect and %left ventricular ischemia were predictors of patient outcome for those <85 years of age but was not statistically significant in those ≥85 years of age. The prognostic value of PET (%left ventricular stress defect and %left ventricular ischemia) appeared to decrease with advancing age.

Conclusions:

The elderly is a high-risk population irrespective of PET myocardial perfusion imaging results, and incremental prognostic value of PET myocardial perfusion imaging appears to wane in those ≥85 years of age. Although PET myocardial perfusion imaging may be diagnostically useful in the elderly, its prognostic value in this population requires further evaluation.
Quantification of Coronary Atherosclerosis in the Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Lee Sang-Eun , Sung Ji Min , Rizvi Asim , Lin Fay Y. , Kumar Amit , Hadamitzky Martin , Kim Yong-Jin , Conte Edoardo , Andreini Daniele , Pontone Gianluca , Budoff Matthew J. , Gottlieb Ilan , Lee Byoung Kwon , Chun Eun Ju , Cademartiri Filippo , Maffei Erica , Marques Hugo , Leipsic Jonathon A. , Shin Sanghoon , Hyun Choi Jung , Chinnaiyan Kavitha , Raff Gilbert , Virmani Renu , Samady Habib , Stone Peter H. , Berman Daniel S. , Narula Jagat , Shaw Leslee J. , Bax Jeroen J. , Min James K. , Chang Hyuk-Jae
Published: July 2018

Background:

Diagnosis of coronary artery disease and management strategies have relied solely on the presence of diameter stenosis ≥50%. We assessed whether direct quantification of plaque burden (PB) and plaque characteristics assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography could provide additional value in terms of predicting rapid plaque progression.

Methods and Results:

From a 13-center, 7-country prospective observational registry, 1345 patients (60.4±9.4 years old; 57.1% male) who underwent repeated coronary computed tomography angiography >2 years apart were enrolled. For conventional angiographic analysis, the presence of stenosis ≥50%, number of vessel involved, segment involvement score, and the presence of high-risk plaque feature were determined. For quantitative analyses, PB and annual change in PB (△PB/y) in the entire coronary tree were assessed. Clinical outcomes (cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and coronary revascularization) were recorded. Rapid progressors, defined as a patient with ≥median value of △PB/y (0.33%/y), were older, more frequently male, and had more clinical risk factors than nonrapid progressors (all
P
<0.05). After risk adjustment, addition of baseline PB improved prediction of rapid progression to each angiographic assessment of coronary artery disease, and the presence of high-risk plaque further improved the predictive performance (all
P
<0.001). For prediction of adverse outcomes, adding both baseline PB and △PB/y showed best predictive performance (C statistics, 0.763;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

Direct quantification of atherosclerotic PB in addition to conventional angiographic assessment of coronary artery disease might be beneficial for improving risk stratification of coronary artery disease.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02803411.
Hypertension, Microvascular Pathology, and Prognosis After an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Carrick David , Haig Caroline , Maznyczka Annette M. , Carberry Jaclyn , Mangion Kenneth , Ahmed Nadeem , Yue May Vannesa Teng , McEntegart Margaret , Petrie Mark C. , Eteiba Hany , Lindsay Mitchell , Hood Stuart , Watkins Stuart , Davie Andrew , Mahrous Ahmed , Mordi Ify , Ford Ian , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Welsh Paul , Sattar Naveed , Wetherall Kirsty , Oldroyd Keith G. , Berry Colin
Published: July 2018

The rationale for our study was to investigate the pathophysiology of microvascular injury in patients with acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction in relation to a history of hypertension. We undertook a cohort study using invasive and noninvasive measures of microvascular injury, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 2 days and 6 months, and assessed health outcomes in the longer term. Three hundred twenty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction (mean age, 59 [12] years; blood pressure, 135 [25] / 79 [14] mm Hg; 237 [73%] male, 105 [32%] with antecedent hypertension) were prospectively enrolled during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention. Compared with patients without antecedent hypertension, patients with hypertension were older (63 [12] years versus 57 [11] years;
P
<0.001) and a lower proportion were cigarette smokers (52 [50%] versus 144 [66%];
P
=0.007). Coronary blood flow, microvascular resistance within the culprit artery, infarct pathologies, inflammation (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were not associated with hypertension. Compared with patients without antecedent hypertension, patients with hypertension had less improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months from baseline (5.3 [8.2]% versus 7.4 [7.6]%;
P
=0.040). Antecedent hypertension was a multivariable associate of incident myocardial hemorrhage 2-day post-MI (1.81 [0.98–3.34];
P
=0.059) and all-cause death or heart failure (n=47 events, n=24 with hypertension; 2.53 [1.28–4.98];
P
=0.007) postdischarge (median follow-up 4 years). Severe progressive microvascular injury is implicated in the pathophysiology and prognosis of patients with a history of hypertension and acute myocardial infarction.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02072850.
Increased Blood Pressure Variability Contributes to Worse Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: de Havenon Adam , Majersik Jennifer J. , Stoddard Gregory , Wong Ka-Ho , McNally J. Scott , Smith A. Gordon , Rost Natalia S. , Tirschwell David L.
Published: July 2018

Background and Purpose—

Increased systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with worse outcome after acute ischemic stroke and may also have a negative impact after intracerebral hemorrhage. We sought to determine whether increased BPV was detrimental in the ATACH-2 (Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage II) trial.

Methods—

The primary outcome of our study was a 3-month follow-up modified Rankin Scale of 3 to 6, and the secondary outcome was a utility-weighted modified Rankin Scale. We calculated blood pressure mean and variability using systolic blood pressure from the acute period (2–24 hours postrandomization) and subacute period (days 2, 3, and 7).

Results—

The acute period included 913 patients and the subacute included 877. For 5 different statistical measures of systolic BPV, there was a consistent association between increased BPV and worse neurological outcome in both the acute and subacute periods. This association was not found for systolic blood pressure mean.

Conclusions—

In this secondary analysis of ATACH-2, we show that increased systolic BPV is associated with worse long-term neurological outcome. Additional research is needed to find techniques that allow early identification of patients with an expected elevation of BPV and to study pharmacological or protocol-based approaches to minimize BPV.
A new species of bandy-bandy (Vermicella: Serpentes: Elapidae) from the Weipa region, Cape York, Australia
Authors: DEREZ CHANTELLE M. , ARBUCKLE KEVIN , RUAN ZHIQIANG , XIE BING , HUANG YU , DIBBEN LAUREN , SHI QIONG , VONK FREEK J. , FRY BRYAN G.
Published: July 2018

Bandy-bandies (genus Vermicella) are small (50–100cm) black and white burrowing elapids with a highly specialised diet of blindsnakes (Typhlopidae). There are currently 5 recognized species in the genus, all located in Australia, with Vermicella annulata the most encountered species with the largest distribution. Morphological and mitochondrial analyses of specimens collected from the Weipa area, Cape York, Queensland reveal the existence of a new species, which we describe as Vermicella parscauda sp. nov. Mitochondrial DNA analysis (16S and ND4) and external morphological characteristics indicate that the closest relatives of the new species are not V. annulata, which also occurs on Cape York, but rather species from Western Australia and the Northern Territory (V. intermedia and V. multifasciata) which, like V. parscauda, occupy monsoon habitats. Internasal scales are present in V. parscauda sp. nov., similar to V. annulata, but V. intermedia and V. multifasciata do not have nasal scales. V. parscauda sp. nov. has 55–94 black dorsal bands and mottled or black ventral scales terminating approximately 2/3rds of the body into formed black rings, suggesting that hyper-banding is a characteristic of the tropical monsoon snakes (V. intermedia, V. multifasciata and V. parscauda). The confined locality, potential habitat disruption due to mining activities, and scarcity of specimens indicates an urgent conservation concern for this species.
Two new species of Atopophlebia Flowers, 1980 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) from Colombia
Authors: SALLES F.F. , MARULANDA J.F. , DIAS L.G.
Published: July 2018

Atopophlebia pacis sp. nov. and Atopophlebia caldasi sp. nov. are newly described based on material from Colombia, Putumayo and Caldas, respectively. Both species are known from nymphs and alate stages, male imago for A. pacis, male subimago, female imago and eggs for A. caldasi. This is the first description of eggs of the genus. The following characteristics are useful for distinguishing the males of the new species: A. pacis sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore wings hyaline, veins yellow (Fig. 2); 3) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 4) abdominal segments yellowish, terga VIII with conspicuous triangular anterolateral black mark (Fig. 1); 5) apical projection of penis lobe short; A. caldasi sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 3) abdominal segments orange, posterior margin of all terga tinged with black, black bands broader on terga V to VIII. Egg of A. caldasi is characterized by presenting a prismatic shape with longitudinal chorionic depressions at the sides and concave polar regions. An updated key for male adults of Atopophlebia is presented.
The lygaeoid bug family Heterogastridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea) from Laos and Thailand, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: BAN TERUAKI
Published: July 2018

Laotian and Thai species of the Heterogastridae Stål, 1872 are revised taxonomically. Eight species are recognized, including three new species; Sadoletus laosensis and S. subpellucidus from Laos, and S. melasmus from Thailand. A key to the species in Laos and Thailand is provided.
The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen as Salvage Therapy for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Almosnino Galit , Holm James R. , Schwartz Seth R. , Zeitler Daniel M.
Published: July 2018

Objective:

We sought to evaluate hearing outcomes after salvage therapy with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) for the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Study Design:

Matched control retrospective case series.

Setting:

Tertiary neurotology referral center.

Patients:

Thirty-six patients (>18 years) diagnosed with SSNHL.

Intervention:

Patients received initial therapy with oral and/or intratympanic (IT) steroids with an incomplete response. Eighteen patients underwent salvage therapy with IT steroids and HBO2 (group 1). Eighteen matched controls underwent salvage therapy with IT steroids alone (group 2).

Main outcome measures:

The main outcome measure was improvement in pure tone average (PTA) and word recognition score (WRS). Complications as a result of therapy were also monitored.

Results:

There were no significant differences in age, gender, or hearing between the 2 groups ( P > .05). There was no significant difference in mean post-treatment PTA between group 1 (60.3 dB) and group 2 (53.2 dB). There were no significant difference in mean post-treatment WRS between group 1 (42%) and group 2 (51%). Serviceable hearing was defined as a minimum WRS of 50%. Thirty-three percent in group 1 and 42% in group 2 went from nonserviceable hearing to serviceable hearing ( P > .05). PTA and WRS change scores were not significantly affected by age, gender, form of initial treatment, or pre-treatment PTA and WRS.

Conclusion:

The present study demonstrated no significant difference in hearing outcomes between patients receiving salvage therapy with HBO2 and IT steroids compared to patients receiving IT steroids alone. Larger, prospective randomized trials are needed to better define the role of HBO2 as salvage therapy for SSNHL.
Pattern generation and motion control of a vortex-like paramagnetic nanoparticle swarm
Authors: Yu Jiangfan , Yang Lidong , Zhang Li
Published: July 2018

Controlling a swarm of microrobots with external fields is one of the major challenges for untethered microrobots. In this work, we present a new method to generate a vortex-like paramagnetic nanoparticle swarm (VPNS) from dispersed nanoparticles with a diameter of 500 nm, using rotating magnetic fields. The VPNS exhibits a dynamic-equilibrium structure, in which the nanoparticles perform synchronized motions. The mechanisms of the pattern-generation process are analyzed, simulated, and validated by experiments. By tuning the rotating frequency of the input magnetic field, the pattern of a VPNS changes accordingly. Analytical models for estimating the areal change of the pattern are proposed, and they have good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, reversible merging and splitting of vortex-like swarms are demonstrated and investigated. Serving as a mobile robotic end-effector, a VPNS is capable of making locomotion by tuning the pitch angle of the actuating rotating field. With a small pitch angle, e.g. 2°, the whole swarm moves as an entity, and the shape of the pattern remains intact. In addition, the trapping forces of VPNSs are verified, showing the critical input parameters of the magnetic field that affect the morphology of the swarm. Finally, we demonstrate that VPNSs pass through curved and branched channels with high positioning precision, and the access rates for targeted delivery are over 90%, which are significantly higher than those in the cases of particle swarms moving with tumbling motions.
A Clinical Comparison of Linear- and Surface Area–Based Methods of Measuring Glenoid Bone Loss
Authors: Bakshi Neil K. , Cibulas George A. , Sekiya Jon K. , Bedi Asheesh
Published: July 2018

Background:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether linear-based measurement significantly overestimates glenoid bone loss in comparison with surface area–based measurement in patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and glenoid bone loss.

Hypothesis:

Linear-based measurement will significantly overestimate glenoid bone loss in comparison with surface area–based measurement in patients with anterior shoulder instability and glenoid bone loss.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Thirty patients with anterior shoulder instability underwent preoperative bilateral shoulder computed tomography (CT) scans. Three-dimensional CT (3D-CT) reconstruction with humeral head subtraction was performed to obtain an en face view of the 3D-CT glenoid. Glenoid bone loss was measured with the surface area and linear methods of measurement. Statistical analysis was performed with a paired 2-tailed t test.

Results:

Twenty-eight patients (5 female and 23 male; mean age, 25.1 years; age range, 15-58 years) were included in the study; 17 patients underwent a glenoid augmentation procedure, and 11 underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair. The mean percentage glenoid bone loss calculated with the surface area and linear methods was 12.8% ± 8.0% and 17.5% ± 9.7% ( P < .0001), respectively. For the 17 patients who underwent glenoid augmentation, mean percentage bone loss with the surface area and linear methods was 16.6% ± 7.9% and 23.0% ± 8.0% ( P < .0001), respectively.

Conclusion:

Linear measurement of glenoid bone loss significantly overestimates bone loss compared with surface area measurement in patients with anterior glenoid bony defects. These results indicate that these different methods cannot be used interchangeably and cannot be used with the same critical thresholds for glenoid bone loss.
In vivo tracking of intravenously injected mesenchymal stem cells in an Alzheimer’s animal model
Authors: Park Bok-Nam , Lim Tae Sung , Yoon Joon-Kee , An Young-Sil
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to investigate how intravenously injected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are distributed in the body of an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) animal model.

Methods:

Stem cells were collected from bone marrow of mice and labeled with Indium-111 (111In). The 111In-labeled BMSCs were infused intravenously into 3×Tg-AD mice in the AD group and non-transgenic mice (B6129SF2/J) as controls. Biodistribution was evaluated with a gamma counter and gamma camera 24 and 48 h after injecting the stem cells.

Results:

A gamma count of the brain showed a higher distribution of labeled cells in the AD model than in the control group at 24 (p = .0004) and 48 h (p = .0016) after injection of the BMSCs. Similar results were observed by gamma camera imaging (i.e., brain uptake in the AD model was significantly higher than that in the control group). Among the other organs, uptake by the spleen was the highest in both groups. More BMSCs were found in the lungs of the control group than in those of the AD group.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that more intravenously infused BMSCs reached the brain in the AD model than in the control group, but the numbers of stem cells reaching the brain was very small.
Spatial planning, metropolitan governance and territorial politics in Europe: Dublin as a case of metro-phobia?
Authors: Moore-Cherry Niamh , Tomaney John
Published: July 2018

The growing concentration of production and population in capital cities in Europe is accompanied by metropolitan governance reform with two policy objectives in mind. Firstly, capital cities are promoted as ‘national champions’ in the context of global territorial competition. Secondly, metropolitan regions are characterised by recurrent crises of ‘governability’ as economic, social, environmental and infrastructural interdependencies escape existing jurisdictional scales. However, this process is highly uneven, reflecting the ways in which cities are embedded in their national contexts. Drawing from the literature on varieties of capitalism, and in particular O’Riain’s perspective on the Irish case, we suggest that in an era when cities are claimed to be acting as ‘national champions’, territorial politics need to be more strongly foregrounded in these discussions. Through an in-depth qualitative case-study of Dublin (Ireland), we argue that while government power may be strongly centralised in the city of Dublin, the spatial entity of Dublin is relatively powerless. Despite a number of recommendations since the 1970s, there has been little will or action to meaningfully devolve power to the city-regional level in any way, contrary to comparative European experiences. The paper illustrates how a central state stranglehold over the Dublin metropolitan area is hampering the efficient governance and sustainable development of the city. These governance constraints at the sub-national level with significant planning implications indicate a reluctance to engage with the metropolitan as a particular territorial scale in Ireland – and a profound fixity in the architecture of the state. We term this metro-phobia.
Sport as a vocation: The effects of injury on the socialization processes involved in the production of sporting elites
Authors: Forté Lucie
Published: July 2018

This article deals with the construction of the sporting expertise of high-level athletes by focusing on the socialization processes which take place while athletes are injured. The analysis uses results from qualitative research based on interviews and ethnographic surveys in several training centers exclusive to French top-elite athletes. Various socialization contexts (both in sport and outside of sport) were observed in order to understand how injuries can affect the symbolic marking and the symbolic imprisonment processes which go together with the development and the maintenance of high-level vocations. The results show that the effects of injuries are equivocal: when the conditions of symbolic imprisonment remain strong during the time of care and rehabilitation, and when the close circle keeps on nurturing the marks of election, the chances of maintaining sports vocations are high. In contrast, when injuries strongly weaken the signs of election and when the socialization contexts are more heterogeneous, sporting vocations are likely to decline significantly.
Making Space for Adaptive Learning
Authors: Szijarto Barbara , Cousins J. Bradley
Published: July 2018

This article reports findings from a research program exploring the role of mediation in an “adaptive learning” process through study of developmental evaluation (DE). Our study focuses on how mediators might influence the relationships between components of a social learning system and the implications for adaptive learning. Specifically, we focused on evaluators making space for the interrogation of ideas and choices, why this is important, what strategies are used, and what challenges present. Data from a multiple case study of four DEs revealed multiple drivers behind a need to make space, including new trust factors, uncertainty and anxiety, and learning-related norms. Strategies that were employed included turning down the heat, seeking balance among competing needs, normalizing evaluation practice, and legitimizing DE. Results are discussed in terms of implications for evaluation capacity building in adaptive learning contexts. Questions for future inquiry are posed.
To correct or to cooperate: Mediational processes and L2 development
Authors: Poehner Matthew E. , Leontjev Dmitri
Published: July 2018

The present article argues for a conceptual distinction between corrective feedback and mediation that emphasizes the status of the latter not as an instructional practice but as a defining feature of human psychology (Vygotsky, 1987) that has direct implications for how instruction might be approached. Specifically, Sociocultural Theory (SCT) posits that humans are always and everywhere mediated, as individuals draw upon meanings and ways of thinking they have already internalized as well as those that are available in their immediate environment to regulate their actions. With regard to second language (L2) education, rather than exclusively focusing on learner independent performance or whether learners improve following application of a particular corrective feedback strategy, a view of learner performance as a mediated process draws attention to changes – either over the course of an activity or from one activity to the next – to the degree of guidance learners require and the ways in which they respond to or negotiate that support. This mediation process, the changes that may be observed, and how these may be interpreted vis-à-vis learner development is illustrated with examples taken from two recent Dynamic Assessment (DA) studies involving Estonian learners of L2 English. The first study focuses upon one-to-one dialogic interaction in an individualized DA program while the second study reports the implementation of a computerized DA procedure ( n = 25). Together, they underscore how the goal of promoting learner L2 development through instruction may be advanced when mediational processes are taken into account and learner developmental trajectories are identified. Implications of mediational processes for future work interested in corrective feedback are discussed.
Assessing the Effects of Partisan Bias at the Group Level of Analysis: A Hidden Profile Experiment
Authors: Manata Brian , Boster Franklin J. , Wittenbaum Gwen M. , Bergan Daniel E.
Published: July 2018

Although there is some evidence in the political arena that pooling information can overcome individual biases to improve decision-making accuracy, research from the group communication and psychology arenas suggests otherwise. Specifically, research on the hidden profile, a group-level decision-making problem, suggests that groups are decidedly biased when making decisions. This laboratory experiment tested whether or not partisan biases manifest at the group level of analysis. In the main, it was found that groups composed of either all Republican or all Democratic group members were likely to make a decision that was consonant with their party’s political ideology, which ultimately impacted hidden profile solution rates (i.e., decision accuracy). Moreover, supplemental analyses suggest that Republican and Democratic groups reached their biased decisions through different means. A discussion is provided in which the implications of these results are considered.
The Connection Between Testicular Cancer, Minority Males, and Planned Parenthood
Authors: Adams Wesley B. , Rovito Michael J. , Craycraft Mike
Published: July 2018

Testicular cancer (TCa) is the most prevalent neoplasm diagnosed in males aged 15–40 years. Lack of access to care is a key impediment to early-stage TCa diagnosis. Health equity concerns arise, however, as poor access largely manifests within underserved male populations, therefore, placing them at a higher risk to develop late-stage TCa. Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) offers a myriad of male reproductive/sexual health care options, including TCa screening and referral services. Therefore, expanding these amenities in traditionally underserved communities may address the concern of TCa screening opportunities. An ecological analysis was performed using data from the United States Cancer Statistics, American Community Survey, and PPFA databases to assess the impact of TCa upon minority males, identify associations between PPFA services and minority males, and provide future implications on the role PPFA may play in bridging health-care access gaps pertaining to TCa screenings. Results indicate that states with higher rates of poverty and uninsured individuals, as well as specifically Black/African American males, have lower TCa incidence and limited access to screening services. PPFA service presence and Black/African American, as well as uninsured, males had a negative association but revealed positive correlations with TCa incidence. Considering the emerging TCa outcome disparities among minority males, expanding PPFA men’s health services is crucial in providing affordable options to help identify testicular abnormalities that are early stage or carcinoma in situ. Many at-risk males have limited means to obtain TCa screening services. Expanding this discussion could provide a foundation for future advocacy.
Tenofovir alafenamide in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: rationale and clinical trial evidence
Authors: Byrne Ruth , Carey Ivana , Agarwal Kosh
Published: July 2018

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir was developed to deliver enhanced antiviral potency and reduced systemic toxicities by more efficient intracellular delivery of the active metabolite tenofovir disphosphate than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). In two randomized, double-blind, multinational phase III trials in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive or -negative infection, TAF 25 mg was non-inferior to TDF 300 mg in achieving the primary efficacy outcome of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level < 29 IU/ml at week 48 and was associated with higher rates of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization based on AASLD (American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases) criteria. TAF was well tolerated with low rates of adverse events, comparable to TDF. A significantly lower decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was observed in patients receiving TAF compared with patients receiving TDF and loss of bone mineral density at the hip and spine was significantly lower in the TAF groups. These trends continued to week 96. The requirement for long-term therapy in chronic HBV highlights the importance of these efficacy and safety trends, however their true clinical relevance is yet to be established and further studies with long-term follow up and real-world clinical data are needed.
“I’m Not a Doctor. I’m a Nurse”: Reparative Boundary-Work in Nurse Practitioner Education
Authors: Trotter LaTonya
Published: July 2018

Boundary-work is constitutive of both jurisdiction and professional identities. For groups attempting domain expansion, changed boundaries present risks for group cohesion. In this article, I examine the boundary-work that nurse-practitioners-in-training perform to negotiate the contradictions of moving into the new terrain of diagnostic medicine. I found that students engaged in reparative boundary-work that re-inscribed the new terrain of the nurse practitioner into the “old work” of bedside nursing. These strategies not only resolved the contradictions of nurse practitioner identity, but they also provided strategies of action for negotiating new relationships with future physician colleagues. This analysis demonstrates that the defense of breached boundaries is activated not only by external threats but also by the internal threats of jurisdictional expansion.
A New Approach to Defining and Measuring Family Engagement in Early Childhood Education Programs
Authors: Sabol Terri J. , Sommer Teresa Eckrich , Sanchez Amy , Busby Andrea Kinghorn
Published: July 2018

Almost every state-level Quality Rating and Improvement System (QRIS) in the country includes family engagement as an indicator of early childhood education quality. Yet, most QRIS measure family engagement using a uniform, narrow set of parent involvement activities at the center. We propose an alternative approach that emphasizes a range of direct services for parents, including: (1) parenting classes, (2) family support services, (3) social capital activities, and (4) human capital services. In our proposed rating systems, states would assess how well centers address the highest ranked needs of families and employ evidence-based practices across one or more of the center-selected direct parent service categories. We explore the feasibility of this approach through a qualitative study (n = 14 centers) and case examples. We discuss how this new rating system could be used to monitor quality and as a tool for program improvement to support child development.
Temporal association between antibiotic use and resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ryu Sukhyun , Klein Eili Y. , Chun Byung Chul
Published: July 2018

Background

β-Lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) were introduced into clinical practice as an alternative to carbapenems for treating multi-drug–resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. However, little is known about the relationship between BLBLI treatment and antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we investigated the trends and the temporal association between antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates obtained between 2012 and 2016.

Methods

Data regarding quarterly consumption (total number of prescriptions per quarter) of all BLBLIs, all third-generation cephalosporins, and all fluoroquinolones at a tertiary care hospital were obtained from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Susceptibility data (isolation rate of antibiotic resistance per quarter) were obtained from the existing database of the same tertiary hospital. Regression analysis was used to analyze annual trends and cross-correlations to assess the temporal association on a quarterly basis between antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae.

Results

The rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in K. pneumoniae significantly increased over the study period (p < 0.01). The consumption of all BLBLIs was also found to be significantly correlated with the rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam (β = 0.66; p < 0.01), ceftazidime (β = 0.54; p = 0.02), and levofloxacin (β = − 0.60; p = 0.01) with two-quarter lags. Furthermore, the consumption of all third-generation cephalosporins was significantly correlated with rates of K. pneumoniae resistance to ceftazidime (β = 0.64; p < 0.01) with a two-quarter lag and levofloxacin (β = 0.50; p = 0.03) with a quarter lag. The consumption of all fluoroquinolones correlated with resistance rates to ceftazidime (β = 0.14; p < 0.01) with a two-quarter lag.

Conclusions

The rate of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in K. pneumoniae increased significantly over the study period and was significantly correlated with BLBLI consumption. While BLBLIs can potentially be utilized as an alternative to carbapenems, our findings reinforce concerns of resistance to these drugs. Further research is needed to understand the implications on resistance of utilizing BLBLIs as a carbapenem-sparing option.
Unilateral Rhinorrhea and Sneezing After Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Under Intravenous Propofol Sedation With Supplemental Oxygen Administered via a Nasal Cannula: A Case Report
Authors: Rah Kang H. , Merkel Ira S.
Published: July 2018

We present a rarely described complication of unilateral rhinorrhea and sneezing in a patient who received intravenous sedation with propofol and supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The literature is reviewed and a mechanism is proposed. Mechanical irritation of the nasal mucosa is felt to be the trigger. Suggestions to avoid and to treat are offered.
Transesophageal Echocardiographic Observation of Caval Thrombus Followed by Intraoperative Placement of Inferior Vena Cava Filter for Presumed Pulmonary Embolism During Cesarean Hysterectomy for Placenta Percreta: A Case Report
Authors: Nanji Jalal A. , Ansari Jessica R. , Yurashevich Mary , Ismawan Johanes M. , Lyell Deirdre J. , Karam Amer K. , Hovsepian David M. , Riley Edward T.
Published: July 2018

During a cesarean hysterectomy for placenta percreta, transesophageal echocardiography was used to monitor volume status and guide resuscitation. After delivery of the neonate but before massive surgical hemorrhage, a thrombus appeared in the inferior vena cava. Roughly 3 hours later, the patient had hemodynamic changes consistent with an intraoperative pulmonary embolism. Boluses of epinephrine stabilized the patient. An inferior vena cava filter was placed via an in situ internal jugular central venous cannula to prevent further embolic events. We believe transesophageal echocardiography is a useful monitor during surgery for placenta percreta.
PDZD8 is not the ‘functional ortholog’ of Mmm1, it is a paralog
Authors: Wideman Jeremy G. , Balacco Dario L. , Fieblinger Tim , Richards Thomas A.
Published: July 2018

Authors of a recent paper demonstrate that, like ERMES (ER-mitochondria encounter structure) in fungal cells, PDZD8 (PDZ domain containing 8) tethers mitochondria to the ER in mammalian cells. However, identifying PDZD8 as a “functional ortholog” of yeast Mmm1 (maintenance of mitochondrial morphology protein 1) is at odds with the phylogenetic data. PDZD8 and Mmm1 are paralogs, not orthologs, which affects the interpretation of the data with respect to the evolution of ER-mitochondria tethering. Our phylogenetic analyses show that PDZD8 co-occurs with ERMES components in lineages closely related to animals solidifying its identity as a paralog of Mmm1. Additionally, we identify two related paralogs, one specific to flagellated fungi, and one present only in unicellular relatives of animals. These results point to a complex evolutionary history of ER-mitochondria tethering involving multiple gene gains and losses in the lineage leading to animals and fungi.
Obturative colonic obstruction of tumor
Authors: Пугаев Андрей , Pugaev Andrey , Ачкасов Евгений , Achkasov Evgeniy
Published: July 2018

The monograph is devoted to the problem of obturation colonic obstruction (OTKN) caused by colon cancer. The monograph summarizes the experience of treatment of this disease for 15 years at the Department of hospital surgery of Sechenov University on the basis of GKB № 67 in Moscow. The features of the anatomical and histological structure of the small intestine and colon, in relation to intestinal obstruction; etiology, epidemiology, classification and clinical picture of obturation tumor thick-intestinal obstruction. Special attention is paid to the issues of pathogenesis and substantiation of the development of multi-organ failure as a consequence of protein-energy failure in patients with tumor thick-bone obstruction. Reviewed the current diagnostic capabilities of not only bowel obstruction but also of topical diagnostics of occlusive tumors of the colon. The features of surgical treatment of OTKN with evidence of the need for the use of minimally invasive methods of its resolution. The necessity of artificial nutrition of patients in their preparation for the implementation of radical surgical interventions.
The first edition of the book in 2005 aroused a positive response and great interest among surgeons, and the published edition of the book, which seemed at first quite sufficient, was quickly exhausted. Repeated appeals to the authors to purchase this monograph were the reason for the need to prepare the second edition of the book that you hold in your hands.
The book is intended for General surgeons dealing with urgent abdominal surgery, oncologists, may be useful for doctors of other specialties, senior students of higher medical schools.