bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Entrepreneur's Educational Level on the Employment Creation by New Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Zambujal-Oliveira João , Contente Luis
Published: August 2021

This chapter examines the effects of different types of start-up rates on subsequent employment change. Longitudinal data on start-ups and employment in Portuguese regions in the period 1996–2007 is used for the analysis. The study addresses whether diverse types of new small- and medium-sized enterprise formation have heterogeneous effects on regional employment generation. It is found that, for the range considered, the seven types of start-ups led to significant and negative effects on the average variation of regional employment. It is also observed that these effects were more negative for start-ups with at least one business owner with higher education in engineering and for start-ups with at least one business owner with higher education in management. The last conclusion is that the share of highly skilled employees has a statistically significant and positive impact on the average employment change and, therefore, on regional development.
State Institutions of Financial Support for Small Business in Volatile Economies
Authors: Shevchenko Dmitry , Arku Harry Kingsley
Published: August 2021

Financing of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) today is one of the major areas of state support in volatile economies, as it is recognized as the most pressing problem affecting the activities of small businesses. The scale of development of SMEs in Russia today and its contribution to the economic recovery is clearly insufficient and impossible to expand without special measures of state support. This chapter will analyze the current state, dynamics, and financial constraints of SMEs in Russia; classify state supporting institutions; suggest basic methods to curb the situation; and disclose prospective financial supporting tools for SMEs development. The authors established the possibility of applying the Russian experience in supporting SMEs in the Republic of Ghana. This is due to the similarities in economic issues in these countries such as depreciation of currency and fall in oil prices. The authors analyzed the volumes and results of major government activities of the Russian Federal State and identified prospects for their development and implementation in Ghana.
Problems Financing Small Business Enterprises in the Current Economic, Business, and Organizational Environment in Nigeria
Authors: Egbuta Iheanyi Chuku , Gilbert Laguo Livingstone
Published: August 2021

A number of significant problems face small business enterprises (SBEs) in terms of their ability to source financing in the current economic, business and organizational environment in Nigeria. This chapter investigates various financing difficulties facing SBEs, and from the findings makes recommendations for future support initiatives which will be of considerable interest to academics, policy makers and practitioners. The chapter explores problems involved in the financing of SBEs in terms of global dynamics investigating financial bodies, enterprises and the funding of SBEs. Secondary data sources are used to assess the existing financial environment which exists in Nigeria and from this identify the main financial drawbacks facing SBEs.
Classification of Gene Expression Data Using Feature Selection Based on Type Combination Approach Model With Advanced Feature Selection Technology
Authors: Siddesh G. M.  , Gururaj T.
Published: August 2021

A key step in addressing the classification issue was the selection of genes for removing redundant and irrelevant genes. The proposed Type Combination Approach –Feature Selection(TCA-FS) model uses the efficient feature selection methods, and the classification accuracy can be enhanced. The three classifiers such as K Nearest Neighbour(KNN), Support Vector Machine(SVM) and Random Forest(RF) are selected for evaluating the opted feature selection methods, and prediction accuracy. The effects of three new approaches for feature selection are Improved Recursive Feature Elimination (IRFE), Revised Maximum Information co-efficient (RMIC), as well as Upgraded Masked Painter (UMP), are analysed. These three proposed techniques are compared with existing techniques and are validated with (i) Stability determination test. (ii) Classification accuracy. (iii) Error rates of three proposed techniques are analysed. Due to the selection of proper threshold on classification, the proposed TCA-FS method provides a higher accuracy compared to the existing system.
User Acceptance of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Bamufleh Dalal , Almalki Maram Abdulrahman , Almohammadi Randa , Alharbi Esraa
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, many higher education institutions (HEIs) replace existing computer systems with new ones to cope with the changing demands. At the top of these systems is enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems that integrate HEIs' business processes, functions, and data to improve their overall productivity and effectiveness. However, many studies on ERP adoption have shown that organizations frequently face several barriers, and the failure rate is high. This research aims to explore the factors that affect the behavioral adoption and acceptance of an ERP system in HEIs. Based on literature and authors' observations of the PeopleSoft system (ERP) implementation at Yanbu University College in Saudi Arabia (SA), a conceptual model of users' acceptance of ERP systems has been proposed. The framework is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model. The study offers a theoretical contribution by extending the UTAUT model, and according to the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to address ERP users' adoption perspective in HEIs in SA.
The Impacts of Knowledge Management Practices on Innovation Activities in High- and Low-Tech Firms
Authors: Law Kris M. Y. , Lau Antonio K. W. , Ip Andrew W. H.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an empirical study on how knowledge management practices and innovation sources affect product innovation performance, among the 152 manufacturers in the low- and high- tech industries in China. The results indicate that external innovation sources are positively correlated with innovation activities and new product performance. Intellectual Property (IP) and knowledge management practices (KMP) are positively correlated with innovation activities, and KMP is positively correlated with innovation sources. The dual effect of KMP shows its indispensable effect on the new product development for both high-tech and low-tech firms, but for low-tech firms, such effect is relatively weak. This empirical study shows that IP management is critical to high-tech but not low-tech firms. We also found that, for innovation activities, low-tech depends on the external sources of innovation whilst high-tech firms do not.
A Scoping Review on Automated Software Testing with Special Reference to Android Based Mobile Application Testing
Authors: Musthafa Fathima Naja , Mansur Syeda , Wibawanto Andika , Qureshi Owais
Published: August 2021

Despite all the techniques practiced for ensuring the quality of a software product, software testing is being the widely accepted practice. With the explosive evolution and the usage of mobile application, new developments in the process of software testing are introduced too to acquire market presence in mobile application development by introducing high quality products. As of this the introduction of automated tools for testing has gained attention in the last few years. Though the topic of automation in software testing has been there for a while, introduction of new tools and techniques has gained attention recently. Hence, this research work focuses on investigating and analyzing the current trends on automated testing of mobile application by choosing the android platform as a case study. With the aim of fact finding, a systematic literature review was carried out on existing studies which were retrieved from different databases by exploring the electronic search space. It discusses the points based on the chosen research questions by referring the papers cited. The topics discussed in this review article includes the facts related to why and how automated testing on mobile application, the tools and techniques used and the challenges on it. This work also highlights why the focus has been concentrated on the mobile application testing rather than generally highlighting the importance of automated software testing. As a conclusion the paper proposes some good practices on the topic based on existing literature reviewed and referred throughout the study.
Don’t Forget to Include that Camera in the Threat Model: Vulnerability of ATM Systems due to Surveillance Cameras
Authors: Seneviratne Piyumi , Perera Dilanka , Samarasekara Harinda , Keppitiyagama Chamath , De Soyza Kasun , Thilakarathna Kenneth , Wijesekera Primal
Published: August 2021

Video Surveillance Systems (VSS) that are used to provide physical protection to assets and personnel of organizations open up new information channels, but they are often not considered an integral part of the organization's information system. Therefore, more often than not, VSS is not considered when designing and evaluating organizations' information security. Hence, a VSS may weaken the information security of an organization while strengthening physical security. We present such a threat that the VSS used in ATM kiosks of Sri Lankan banks can severely weaken the ATM PIN security due to the ad hoc placement of cameras. While we have observed that in some installations, the video camera directly captures the PIN-pad, we show that forearm movements' visibility is sufficient to infer PINs with a significant level of accuracy. We used a mock-up of an ATM kiosk for our analysis, and we show that a human observer can guess a PIN with 22.5% accuracy within 3 attempts without the PIN Pad's visuals. A computer can infer the PIN using the same footages with an accuracy of 50% using a straightforward algorithm. Critical processes in the banks, such as authentication, are built around the assumption of the confidentiality of the PIN thus invest heavily in the PIN generation process. This well-protected PIN is exposed to the VSS when entering the PIN, thus violating a crucial assumption. However, this violation has hitherto gone unnoticed by the banks' security audits because VSS is not considered an inalienable component of the information system.
Onychoheterotopia in children
Authors: Ferrari Marco , Mazzarello Vittorio , Barbi Egidio
Published: August 2021

The ectopic nail (EN) is an additional nail located in an abnormal site. It belongs to the onycho-heterotopia, a rare condition whose pathogenesis is indeterminate. This article illustrates the clinical-morphological and dermoscopic points of view, the diagnostic criteria, the possible pathogenesis, and surgical treatment of this pediatric onychoheterotopia.
Successful basal cell carcinoma defect reconstruction using combination of rotation and advancement flap: Two case reports
Authors: Djawad Khairuddin , Wahab Siswanto , Nurdin Airin
Published: August 2021

Defects resulting from surgical procedure may be challenging to reconstruct depending on the size and location. In case of large defects, primary closure is often not possible and thus requires skin flap or graft. In such cases, skin flap is advantageous as it produces a similar color and texture with the surrounding tissue. Skin flap techniques such as advancement flap, rotation flap dan transposition flap are useful in closing small defects. In moderate to large-sized defects, especially in areas with high tension, a combination of more than one type of flap might be necessary. This report describes two cases of large defects on the temple and cheek following basal cell carcinoma excisional surgery which were successfully closed using a combination of rotation and advancement flaps. Both patients showed excellent functional and cosmetic outcome.
Generalized acquired cutis laxa and urticarial dermatoses associated with қ-chain IgA micromolecular myeloma
Authors: Moretta Gaia , Moro Francesco , Fania Luca , Didona Biagio
Published: August 2021

Cutis laxa (CL) is a group of rare cutaneous disease, inherited or acquired, characterized by inelastic, redundant, wrinkled, loose skin, with loss of elasticity and features of premature aging [...].
Integrated care pathways and the hub-and-spoke model for the management of non-melanoma skin cancer: A proposal of the Italian Association of Hospital Dermatologists (ADOI)
Authors: Fania Luca , Massone Cesare , Cusano Francesco , Fantini Fabrizio , Dellambra Elena , Samela Tonia , Passarelli Francesca , Morese Roberto , Tartaglione Tommaso , Maggiore Marino , Gentile Piercarlo , Falchetto Osti Mattia , Sampogna Francesca , Pallotta Sabatino , Abeni Damiano , Marchetti Paolo , Naldi Luigi , ADOI steering group*
Published: August 2021

The term non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) refers to skin cancer different from melanoma, and it is usually restricted to basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and their pre-cancerous lesions, e.g., actinic keratosis. These conditions represent the most frequent tumors in Caucasians and are characterized by an increasing incidence worldwide and a high socio-economic impact. The term Integrated Care Pathway (ICP) refers to “a complex intervention for the mutual decision making and organization of care processes for a well-defined group of patients during a well-defined period”. The purpose of this paper is to present a proposal from the Italian Association of Hospital Dermatologists (ADOI) for an ICP organization of care of NMSC, considering the hub-and-spoke model in the different geographical areas.This proposal is based on the most recent literature and on documents from the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), the European consensus-based interdisciplinary guidelines from the European Association of Dermato- Oncology (EADO), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). We initially discuss the NMSC outpatient clinic, the role of the multidisciplinary working groups, and the hub-and-spoke model regarding this topic. Then, we define the ICP processes specific for BCC and SCC. The ICP for NMSC is an innovative strategy to guarantee the highest possible quality of health care while the hub-andspoke model is crucial for the organization of different health care structures. Considering the importance on this topic, it is essential to create a valid ICP together with an efficient organization within the different geographical areas.
Development of a diesel vehicle operator CO2 exposure meter
Authors: Gangal M K , Dainty E D
Published: August 2021

The CANMET diesel-related work, carried out in cooperation with the Canadian mining industry, resulted in the identification of several useful R/D studies. One such study was the development of a dash-mounted alarm signal system to indicate overexposure of
production LHD diesel vehicle operators to toxic contaminants in a mine environment. The resulting instrument has been called the CO2 Exposure Meter. This meter is particularly applicable to LHD machines because previous investigations have indicated that operators of LHDs and some haulage truck
drivers are exposed to up to 200% of the contaminant concentrations measured in the general mine return air.
This paper describes the development of the system which continuously monitors and displays the operator's exposure to diesel pollutants, and indicates an overexposure by an alarm light. The overexposure limits are preset by mine personnel based on carbon dioxide (CO2 ) measurements, which in turn
are related to simultaneous spot respirable combustible dust (RCD) measurements (or to Air Quality Indices - AQI, if available). The CO2 settings are, in general, related to the engine/exhaust treatment selections, vehicle duty cycle and local ventilation rates and efficiency.
The system continuously displays one of three lights: green for underexposure, yellow for caution, and red for overexposure. Overexposure can occur for several reasons, such as: reduced ventilation, malfunction of the diesel vehicle, and excessive airborne contaminants.
The paper confirms satisfactory operation of the system in a laboratory-simulated mine environment, as well as in field trials.
Occurrence and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates
Authors: Ashraf Mohd , Khan Younus Ramzan , Ahmed Parvez
Published: August 2021

Background:

Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) carries significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. We aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes and the risk factors of AKI in VLBW infants.

Methods:

All extramural VLBW neonates without AKI and congenital renal abnormalities were enrolled. Serum creatinine (SCr) was estimated on days 0, 4, and 10. Neonatal AKI was defined an increase in SCr by ≥0.3 mg/dL from the previous value within a period of 48 h or >1.5 time from baseline within 7 days.

Results:

Neonatal AKI developed in 26 (13.8%) out of 189 neonates studied. Among AKI group, 5 (19.2%) had stage 1, 9 (34.4%) neonates reached stage 2, and 12 (46.1%) neonates reached stage 3 AKI. Neonates with AKI had a significantly lower gestational age and birth weight (P < 0.001). Mortality in VLBW neonates with AKI was significantly higher as compared to those without AKI (crude hazard ratio 6.2; 95% confidence interval: 2.36–15.79, P <0.05).

Conclusions:

AKI is common in extramural VLBW neonates, is inversely correlated with gestational age and birth weight, and carries poor outcome.
Televizyonda Edebiyat Uyarlamaları: Necati Cumalı’nın Dila Hanım’ı Üzerine İnceleme
Authors: GÜNDEL Nergiz , BAŞAKCİOĞLU Abdullah Güray
Published: August 2021

Hikâyeler, insanın hayatı öğrenme, kavrama ve paylaşma kaynaklarının başında gelmektedir. Televizyon drama dizileri de son yıllarda en popüler hikâye anlatım araçların birisi olmuştur. Televizyon, hikâye anlatımlarında orijinal hikâyelerle birlikte, başka kaynaklardan gelen hikâyeleri de kendi anlatısına uyarlayarak kullanmayı sürdürmektedir. Bunların başında edebiyat uyarlamaları gelmektedir. Genel olarak romanlar, nadiren de edebi öyküler, televizyon dizisi formatına dönüştürülerek ekran aracılığıyla geniş kitlelere ulaştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da edebi öykünün televizyon dizisine nasıl uyarlandığını ve öykü ile dizi anlatısının benzerliklerini ve farklılıklarını sorgulamaktır. Çalışmaya Necati Cumalı’nın Dila Hanım öyküsü ile bu öyküden uyarlanan Dila Hanım (2012-2014) dizisi örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Görülmüştür ki edebiyatın kısa öyküsü, Dila Hanım dizisinde çok bölümlü seri anlatıya dönüşürken serbest bir uyarlama yapılmış ve öykünün teması dizinin anlatısında değişikliğe uğramıştır. Öykünün iki ana karakterli sınırlı anlatımına karşın, dizi anlatısına çok sayıda yeni karakter ve olaylar eklenmiştir. Kurulan yan hikâyelerle dizinin olay örgüsü genişletilmiş, bölüm sayıları ve süreleri arttırılmıştır. Hikâye günümüze uyarlanmakla birlikte, son dönemde ekranlarda sıklıkla izlenen aile merkezli ve ağalı-konaklı dizi anlatılarından birine dönüşmüştür. Türkiye’de popüler dizi anlatılarında kullanılan klişe karakterler ve hikâyeler, bu dizinin anlatısında da tekrarlanmıştır.
Inteligencias múltiples y el aprendizaje de tecnologías en universitarios peruanos
Authors: Quispe Sanabria Edith Mariela , Campos Carpena Lisette Paola , Mantari Mincami Lizet Doriela
Published: August 2021

El propósito del trabajo es establecer la relación existente entre las Inteligencias Múltiples (IM) y el aprendizaje de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) en estudiantes universitarios peruanos. La investigación es de tipo aplicada, de diseño correlacional; la población es de 471 estudiantes universitarios peruanos. Los resultados demuestran que con 31.70% la mayoría de los estudiantes presentan un nivel alto en la variable IM; asimismo, el 54% de los estudiantes muestran un nivel medio en la variable aprendizaje de TIC. Como conclusión se tiene que existe una relación directa entre las IM y el aprendizaje de TIC.
E-learning en tiempos de COVID. La experiencia del CLUSTER de Enseñanza -Aprendizaje AULACIETE 2020-2021
Authors: Marquina Raymond , Alvarado Ángel , Benítez Elisabeth
Published: August 2021

La pandemia por COVID-19 hizo que el acceso a la educación se viera afectada. Del análisis a las medidas gubernamentales, se constató la ausencia de capacitación docente, esto motivó la iniciativa de un grupo de Profesionales para generar un programa en línea. El objetivo de este artículo es: Señalar los elementos que conformaron la iniciativa; Identificar los resultados obtenidos; Resaltar los factores de éxito y emitir algunas recomendaciones. La investigación es cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo. Se destaca la necesidad de dotación de equipos, uso de aplicaciones especializadas, Internet y espacios para el desarrollo de competencias en la autogestión del aprendizaje.
Ensino de Língua Inglesa para alunos surdos
Authors: Silva Eleyne Deyannys Sousa , Farias Francisca Neuza Almeida
Published: August 2021

Esta é uma pesquisa do tipo revisão sistemática, na qual procuramos analisar estudos sobre o ensino de Inglês para alunos surdos (em escolas regulares ou bilíngues). Após busca na plataforma Google Scholar, utilizando descritores específicos e aspas como delimitador (“Ensino de Inglês para Surdos”), encontramos 15 (quinze) pesquisas, das quais cinco se mostraram alinhadas com os objetivos do nosso trabalho. Os objetivos deste estudo são investigar se os professores utilizam técnicas e métodos de ensino diferenciados para alunos surdos, quais estes métodos e qual o impacto destes no processo de ensino aprendizagem deste aluno. Após leitura rigorosa dos trabalhos selecionados, concluímos que apesar dos avanços nas políticas educacionais inclusivas, mesmo as escolas bilíngues não têm condições apropriadas para que este público, de fato, seja incluído. Faltam treinamentos para os professores e materiais didáticos apropriados, a metodologia de ensino ainda é voltada quase que exclusivamente para o aluno ouvinte, os discentes ouvintes, normalmente, não conhecem a Libras e, portanto, interagem muito pouco com os alunos surdos, além de faltarem intérpretes de Libras nas escolas que têm alunos surdos matriculados. Destacamos também que em todos os casos nos quais os professores tinham conhecimento de Libras, e treinamento acerca das especificidades dos discentes com surdez, a metodologia de ensino foi realizada de forma diferenciada, proporcionando um melhor aprendizado e possibilitando a inclusão do aluno surdo na escola.
Mulher-macho, sim senhor: discutindo a ambiguidade de corpos e de gênero na literatura brasileira
Authors: Gallas Ana Kelma Cunha
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta alguns aspectos da complexa relação entre corpo, cultura e gênero nas sociedades contemporâneas, reflexão que nasce do resgate de personagens femininas presentes na literatura brasileira, caracterizadas como “masculinizadas”. Nessas narrativas, o corpo é atravessado por discursos e de conflitos inerentes às relações de gênero, nos quais se expressa o poder. A problematização resgata a fragmentação das concepções a respeito do corpo, da sexualidade e do gênero no mundo contemporâneo, mas, sobretudo, uma reflexão sobre os significados urdidos a partir do conflito entre a tradição e a emergência de novos conceitos. Nesse estudo, confere-se destaque às relações entre performance e gênero, a partir do diálogo entre autores como Michel Foucault (2005), Judith Butler (2002, 2003) e Paul Preciado (2011). Através desses autores, discutem-se personagens como Diadorim, Maria Moura e Luzia Homem.
Imagem de Plano Crítico.
Kartu Kredit Syariah: Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Hardiansyah Imam Wahyu
Published: August 2021

Credit cards are one of the most common methods of payment in modern society. Credit cards are used to replace payments for the purchase of products and services. In cities, the Public usually uses this credit card to shop at retail stores and malls. The rapid development of the use of credit cards currently because people feel the cards as a means of payment and taking cash considering the practicality, comfort, and security. The basic law of sharia charge cards, however, has been explained in the Quran, Hadith, and also Ijma'.
Mengenalkan Warna Melalui Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Kamtini Kamtini , Tanjung Salsabila Hasiana , Eriani Eva
Published: August 2021

Cognitive abilities include various things, one of which is the ability to recognize colors. However, the ability to recognize colors is less often ruled out by educators and parents. This can be seen from learning that pays more attention to early reading and arithmetic skills. In fact, the ability to recognize colors is a very important aspect of children's brain development. This research was conducted in order to see the role of picture and picture learning in stimulating children to recognize colors. This research is quantitative research using a quasi-experimental method with one group time-series test. The data obtained were analyzed using a regression test to see the effect of the treatment given. The results showed a significance value of 0.00 which was smaller than 0.05, which means the picture and picture learning model has a significant effect on the ability to recognize colors in early childhood.
Metode Bercakap-cakap: Pengaruhnya terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Rika Devianti
Published: August 2021

Language is the ability to communicate with other people. One of the language skills that can be developed first is speaking skill. Speaking skills need to be optimized because they can affect the next child's life. There are various kinds of problems related to speaking skills including some children who have not been able to communicate the ideas in their minds, express their opinions, and have not dared to speak. In addition, the teaching methods used by teachers have an influence on children's interest in expressing their opinions. This study aims to determine the effect of the conversing method on the speaking skills of children aged 4-5 years. The quantitative approach was carried out using an experimental method of pre-experimental design, one group pretest, and post-test design. Subjects in this study as many as 17 children, data collection techniques using the method of observation and documentation. Furthermore, the data analysis technique used the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test formula. The results showed that the method of speaking had an effect on children's speaking skills.
Perkembangan Sosial dan Emosional Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Sari Suci Lia , Kurniawan Nova Adi
Published: August 2021

The undeveloped social and emotion of early childhood, especially group B students of Kindergarten As-Salam Pekan Arba Tembilahan takes a serious teachers intention since it is one of many success factors in the future. There needs an extra-efforts to develop from teachers. This research is to discover the teachers’ efforts and factors that follow the development of social-emotional of group B students of TK As-Salam Pekan Arba Tembilahan. This is qualitative descriptive research. The data were collected over interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analyzing technique was triangulation data. The findings showed that the teacher already did many efforts to develop the students’ social and emotions, such as (1) putting attention to them, (2) introducing positive and negative, and its impact on storytelling, (3) giving a comfort zone, (4) practicing positive attitude in the school, (5) reinforcing students by giving salutations and rewards, (6) giving facilities to choose and actualize their hobby, and (7) doing communication between teacher and students.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Daring dan Luring bagi Anak Usia Dini pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Handayani Fitri Febri , Hibana Hibana , Surahman Susilo
Published: August 2021

Corona outbreak or covid-19 that has occurred since 2019 impacts on psychology and human behavior, including the education system in Indonesia, that is broader in a long time. Here teachers and students must adapt online and/or offline learning systems to carry out the learning process. This study is to recognize the implementation of those two learning system for early childhood during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially at PAUD As-Shofa Tembilahan Hulu for the A.Y. 2020/2021. The study is a qualitative decriptive. The data were collected through the use of observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis used a triangulation on the Miles and Hiberman model. The results showed that PAUD As-Shofa Tembilahan Hulu used various approaches in these both learning system, includes: Home Visits, Limited Face-to-face Learning, and Learning from Home.
ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI OLUMSUZ YAŞANTILAR VE POSTPARTUM DEPRESYON İLE EMZİRME ÖZ YETERLİLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN YAPISAL EŞİTLİK MODELİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZŞAHİN Zeliha , GÜVEN SANTUR Sinem
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, çocukluk çağındaki olumsuz yaşantılar ve postpartum depresyon düzeyi ile emzirme öz yeterliliği arasındaki ilişkinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı-Kesitsel nitelikte yapılan araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan bir kamu hastanesinde doğum yapan lohusalar oluşturmuştur. Power analizi yaptığımızda örneklem büyüklüğü %90 güven aralığı %95 evreni temsil gücüyle en az 250 lohusa olarak hesaplanmış ve araştırma gönüllü 266 lohusa ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, “Kişisel Tanıtım Formu”, “Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği”, “Edinburgh Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği” ve “Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede; tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, min-max) yanı sıra, Cronbach’s alfa, açıklayıcı faktör analizi, pearson korelasyon analizi ve Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Bu araştırmada katılımcıların %49.2’sinin en az bir tane çocukluk çağında olumsuz deneyimler yaşadığı, çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantılar ölçeğinden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamasının 1,05±1.50, Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeğinden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamasının 6.05±6.01, emzirme öz yeterliliği ölçeğinden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamasının ise 57.8±10.6 olduğu belirlendi. Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği ile Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği arasında pozitif ve Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği ile Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği arasında negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (r=.250*; p=.000; ve r=-.303*; p=.000). Yapısal eşitlik modeline göre; Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar ve Edinburg Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeklerinden alınan puanların Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeğinden alınan puanın %10’unu açıkladığı belirlendi.

Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Emzirme öz yeterliliğinin çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantılar ve postpartum depresyondan etkilendiği, depresyonun emzirme öz yeterliliği üzerinde daha etkili bir değişken olduğu saptandı. Ayrıca çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantıların postpartum depresyon üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu belirlendi.
Türk Jandarma Teşkilatı ve Personellerine Yönelik Yapılmış Olan Örgütsel Davranış Araştırmalarına Yönelik Nitel Analiz
Authors: KANDEMİR Hamza
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışma Türk jandarma teşkilatı ve personellerine yönelik yapılmış olan örgütsel davranış konulu makalelerinin içerik analizini yapmak üzere gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın evreni, “jandarma” ve “örgüt” anahtar kelimelerinin yer aldığı makalelerdir. Bu makalelere GoogleScholar veri tabanından erişilmiş ve ilk 200 makale taranmıştır. Bu makalelerden 19’u Nvivo programı ile içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Örneklemden elde edilen kelime ağacı üzerinden jandarma teşkilatı ve personellerine yönelik olarak örgütsel davranış alt konularının önemli bir kısmının çalışılmış olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kurumda örgütsel davranış alanına yönelik bu denli çalışmanın yapılmış olması yapının kurumsallaştığı ve bunun da sebebinin ise teşkilatın 150 yıllık bir birikime sahip olmasından dolayı olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Measuring the Productivity of the Foods and Beverages Industries in Indonesia: What Factors Matter?
Authors: Yasin Mohammad Zeqi
Published: August 2021

The foods and beverages industries have shown the largest share of output in the manufacturing sector of Indonesia for more than a decade. This study aims to investigate its performance indicators through the  growth of total factor productivity (TFP) and its determinants, such as imported raw materials, exports, absorptive capacity, firm size, market concentration, and capital ownership. This study employed firm-level panel data from 2008–2015 and the Growth Accounting method of Solow residual in addition to the fixed effects model to estimate TFP growth and its determinants. The results show that the foods and beverages industries in Indonesia showed positive TFP growth from 2008–2015. Moreover, variables of absorptive capacity, firm size, and market concentration promote the TFP growth of firms. Meanwhile, import intensity discourages TFP growth. However, within a certain threshold, firms with import activities perform better than non-importer firms. However, imports and exports may entail transfer of technology and knowledge and will be the bridge between the firms and the advanced market. This study recommends that policy makers increase the managerial capabilities of firms through a more massive training program as well as provide incentives to workers in the form of rewards or relief of income tax, while also improve product competitiveness through more intensive programs on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and the Domestic Component Level (TKDN).
Factors to Improve Fishery Household Welfare: Empirical Analysis of Indonesia
Authors: Wicaksono Bayu Rhamadani , Fahmi Mohamad
Published: August 2021

This study attempts to verify the linkage between the characteristics of fishers and the welfare of fishery  household in Indonesia, which is explained by the surplus obtained by fishers. Based on the empirical results using multiple linear regression analysis, variables with significant impacts on improving the welfare of fishery household in Indonesia in both marine and inland open water fisheries are fishing gear, number of fishers, number of crew, salary, province, age, gender, education level, processed storage, transportation, and market target. Furthermore, the characteristics of fishers are divided into similarities and differences. Observed from the similarities, the main fishers play a prominent role to fulfill the daily needs of their families. Observed from the differences, fishers in marine fisheries prefer to use a boat with an inboard motor, prepare more funds, and require more crew members because they usually catch fish on long trips. On the other hand, fishers in inland open water fisheries prefer to use a boat without an inboard motor, prepare less funds, and require less crew members because they usually catch fish on short trips. The government needs to formulate effective, efficient, and targeted policies for the welfare of fishers. The findings suggest several policy recommendations related to the improvement of fishery household welfare in Indonesia, such as soft loan in the form of People’s Business Credit (KUR), storage facilities for a better supply chain, and revitalization of fish auction sites.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF PYRIDINE AND ISOBUTANOL ADDED GASOLINE-ETHANOL-WATER BLENDS IN A SINGLE CYLINDER SI GASOLINE ENGINE
Authors: GARAYEV Amirkhan , GÜNEŞ Silver , GÜLDÜR Çiğdem
Published: August 2021

The phase equilibria, engine performance and gas emissions of gasoline-ethanol-water blends with pyridine and isobutanol added for increased water tolerance, were investigated. It was observed that pyridine addition produced slightly higher ratios of ethanol and water in the stable fuel blend when compared to isobutanol, and the water ratio increased with the additive amount. Engine performances and combustion characteristics of the fuel blends were measured in a single cylinder, four-stroke, spark-ignition (SI) gasoline engine using different engine speeds and compared with the commercial gasoline. The best engine performance results were obtained from the HEP2 blend, consisting of 8.94% ethanol, 4.26% water and 4.21% pyridine. Using this fuel blend, engine torque increased by 8.3% at low speeds, engine effective power increased by %5 at high speeds while specific fuel consumption decreased by 14% at optimum engine speeds. Compared to the commercial gasoline blend, NOx, CO and HC emissions were found to be reduced by as much as %32, %17.9 and %45.9, respectively. Results showed that the fuel properties of pyridine and isobutanol added gasoline-ethanol-water blends were enhanced due to increased ethanol and water content and the HEP2 blend can be used in SI engines as an alternative to commercially available gasoline, with advantages of increased engine performance and reduced emission rates.
ÇİFT KABUK CEPHE SİSTEMİNİN BİNA ISIL PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİNİN DENEYSEL VE SAYISAL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ
Authors: HÜLAGÜ Selin , GÖKSAL Türkan , BAŞARAN Tahsin
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, çift kabuk ve geleneksel tek kabuk cephe sistemlerindeki ısı transferi zamana bağlı tek boyutlu yaklaşımla ele alınarak, deneysel ve sayısal olarak incelenmiş ve cephelerin bina enerji performansına özellikle de ısıtma enerjisine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda tek kabuk ve kutu tipi tampon bölge kullanımındaki çift kabuk cephelerdeki ısı transferinin hesaplanması için bölgesel analiz yöntemi aracılığı ile kullanıcı davranışı ve alüminyum doğrama elemanı etkisi dikkate alınarak matematiksel model kurulmuş ve kurulan model deneysel olarak doğrulanmıştır. Deneysel çalışma Ege Üniversitesi İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümü binasının güney cephesinde yer alan, tek kabuk ve çift kabuk cephe kuruluşlarına sahip ofis mekanlarında 2017 Ocak ayı içerisinde ölçümler alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ardından, doğrulanan model, İzmir İli için, yıl içerisinde meydana gelen ısı transferini aylık ortalama günlük zaman dilimlerinde incelemek üzere kullanılmıştır. Akdeniz ikliminin hüküm sürdüğü İzmir İlinin 10 yıllık ortalama iklim verileri kullanılarak, tek kabuk ve çift kabuk cephe sistemlerinde ısıl performansın değişimi yıl içerisinde iklime bağlı olarak araştırılmıştır. Çift kabuk cephelerin ısı yalıtımı işlevini görerek iç ortamda meydana gelebilecek çok yüksek ve çok düşük sıcaklık değerlerini dengelediği
EFFECTIVE FLOW CONTROL AROUND A CIRCULAR CYLINDER BY USING BOTH A SPLITTER PLATE AND PLASMA ACTUATORS AS PASSIVE AND ACTIVE CONTROL METHODS
Authors: AKBIYIK Hürrem , AKANSU Yahya
Published: August 2021

In this study, passive and active flow control methods were used together to manipulate the flow around a circular cylinder. The experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel for the Reynolds number range of 4000 and 10000 based on the diameter of the circular cylinder (D). A splitter plate was used as passive flow control device and its length was chosen to be about 3.75D. Plasma actuators were placed on the circular cylinder at a position of ±90° as an active flow control device. Combining the active and passive flow control methods, a greater reduction of the drag coefficient was achieved compared to that of the cases when using these methods separately. For Reynolds numbers of 5000 and 10000, the hybrid method gives a reduction in drag of 48% and 45%, respectively. The velocity measurements were carried out by using the hot-wire anemometry and velocity profiles were obtained in the wake region. The flow was visualized by using a smoke wire method. The results revealed that the wake region of the circular cylinder with plasma actuator and splitter plate has a narrower width than the plain cylinder and with splitter plate. Also, it can be seen from spectral analysis that the vortex shedding frequency was suppressed significantly by usage of the hybrid flow control method was used.
Preventieve gezondheidszorg: principes, gezondheidsdoelstellingen en toekomstige uitdagingen
Authors: LERUT E. , WILDEMEERSCH D. , DE SCHUTTER I.
Published: August 2021

Preventive healthcare: principles, health goals and future challenges

Preventive healthcare is an interesting and strong evolving domain of public healthcare (PHC). Nowadays, PHC is an interplay of 3 elements: health protection, disease prevention and health promotion. During the past 2 centuries most health gain was realized through environmental health protective measures such as the closure of cesspools and access to potable water, and through disease prevention thanks to the increasing knowledge on hygiene, microbiology and the development of vaccines.

However, with declining premature deaths due to infectious diseases the disease pattern in the population changed. With increasing age, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD’s) and multimorbidity has risen importantly.

Nowadays, NCD’s are the major causes of preventable death and have an important impact on the quality of life, especially in the elderly. As most of these NCD’s are known to be preventable through a healthy lifestyle in a healthy environment, health promotion has gained attention and has become an increasing important element of preventive healthcare during the past 2 decennia.

This article addresses the challenges, organization and leading principles of the PHC in Flanders and provides insights in the opportunities recent evolutions in PHC may hold to strengthen people’s general health.
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL REACTION ON MIXED CONVECTION FLOW OF AN EXOTHERMIC FLUID IN A VERTICAL POROUS CHANNEL
Authors: Sani Murtala , Sheriff Abdulazeez
Published: August 2021

In this paper, effect of chemical reaction on mixed convection flow of an exothermic fluid in a vertical porous channel is considered. The dimensionless ordinary differential equations were solved using differential transformation method (DTM) to obtain the expression of velocity, temperature and concentration from momentum, energy and mass equations.  The effect of Skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number with various parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration are presented and discussed. The result indicated that the velocity, temperature and concentration increases with the increase in suction/injection and mixed convection parameters.
Levels of Hydroquinone, Selected Heavy Metals (Hg, Pb, As) and Chemical requirements in Some Skin Lightening Creams Sold in Mbarara Municipality
Authors: Muloogi Derick , Nalumansi Irene , Byamugisha Denis
Published: August 2021

In this study, Skin-lightening creams commonly sold in Mbarara municipality were analyzed for chemical parameters (pH, thermal stability and fatty substance content), total hydroquinone, Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic contents. Total heavy metal content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The levels of hydroquinone were determined using High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All the creams showed detectable mean levels of mercury, ranging from 0.07±0.01ppm to 0.33±0.01ppm. Only 26.31% of the creams showed detectable levels of lead and 15.79% creams recorded detectable levels of arsenic. The mean levels of hydroquinone ranged from 0.54±0.02% to 4.47±0.02%. All the creams passed the thermal stability and fatty substance content tests. However, all the creams had very low pH values below the recommended 4.5- 8.5 pH ranges by Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS). The levels of mercury, arsenic and lead in the samples were less than the UNBS, European Union and US Food and Drug Administration’s acceptable limits. Only 84.2% of the cream samples analyzed contained hydroquinone levels higher than the recommended WHO limit of 2%. The use of such creams may lead to serious health hazards. While the low concentrations of heavy metals detected in the cream samples analyzed do not pose any potential risk to consumers, repeated application of these creams may cause a cumulative effect over prolonged exposure. The low pH values may cause skin irritations.  Therefore, the community needs to be sensitized on the implications of using skin lightening creams and UNBS should conduct periodic analysis to ascertain the levels of hydroquinone, heavy metals, and chemical requirements of skin lightening creams sold in Uganda as well as encourage manufacturers to state the exact bleaching agents in their creams.
ANÁLISE BIOMECÂNICA DO CHUTE FRONTAL DA ARTE MARCIAL CHINESA WING CHUN KUNG FU: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Mourão Marco Antônio Nogueira
Published: August 2021

A biomecânica é a área de estudo que analisa e mensura fatores que compõem a ciência do movimento humano, com conceitos da mecânica. A aplicação desses estudos às artes marciais chinesas é restrita, inclusive às técnicas de Wing Chun Kung Fu. Este trabalho é uma revisão de literatura que investigou e apresentou explanações às variáveis que poderiam esclarecer diferenças exibidas na execução do chute frontal dessa modalidade. Para corroborar com a proposta de estudo foram utilizadas artigos, livros e outras fontes de dados. Os resultados demonstraram produção científica baixa sobre essa arte marcial e, em particular, sobre a técnica de chute frontal - além de indicativos que confirmaram influência relevante destes no desempenho de execução dessa técnica.

Palavras-chaves: Ação muscular. Estabilidade articular. Equilíbrio corporal. Wushu.
O PAPEL DO DIAGNÓSTICO POR IMAGEM RADIOLÓGICO NO COMBATE À COVID-19
Authors: Machado Bruno Abilio da Silva , Silva João Vitor dos Santos , Falcão Carla Patrícia Moreira , Sousa Ana Beatriz Xavier de , Abreu Emely Gabriela Morais de , Chagas Edurbem Pereira das , Melo Lairton Luís Pinheiro de , Santos Vivyan Graziele Ferreira Souza , Pessoa Lizandro de Freitas , Freitas Francilene Vieira da Silva
Published: August 2021

Introdução: O diagnóstico por imagem tem prestado um papel fundamental na linha de frente a Covid-19, pois seus exames de diagnóstico imagens possibilitam à equipe médica uma avaliação das estruturas afetadas pelo vírus. Objetivo: Demonstrar a relevância do diagnóstico por imagem no contexto da COVID-19. Metodologia: Baseou-se em uma Revisão integrativa de literatura, através de questão norteadora “Qual o papel do diagnóstico por imagem radiológico no combate à Covid-19?’’. Utilizou-se as bases de dados eletrônicas: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde (MEDLINE) por meio do Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e a Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Assim, detectaram-se 147 publicações, das quais, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados para a amostra desta revisão 14 artigos, publicados no período de 2019 a 2021. Resultados: A tomografia computadorizada (TC) e, em seguida, o raio X. Isso porque a TC permite avaliar a região torácica em todas as dimensões, identificando mudanças já no início. O raio X, por sua vez, é mais limitado, permitindo visualizar apenas alterações mais graves no pulmão. Considerações finais: Conclui-se, que a tomografia em relação às radiografias apresenta maior possibilidade de diagnóstico por conta de sua complexibilidade em demonstrar com riqueza de detalhes a estrutura em foco.