bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modification of the AFM Sensor by the Precisely Regulated Air Stream to Increase the Imaging Speed and Accuracy
Authors: Dzedzickis Andrius , Bucinskas Vytautas , Viržonis Darius , Sesok Nikolaj , Ulcinas Arturas , Iljin Igor , Sutinys Ernestas , Petkevicius Sigitas , Gargasas Justinas , Morkvenaite-Vilkonciene Inga
Published: April 2018

Increasing of the imaging rate of conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) is almost impossible without impairing of the imaging quality, since the probe tip tends to lose contact with the sample. We propose to apply the additional nonlinear force on the upper surface of a cantilever, which will help to keep the tip and surface in contact. In practice this force can be produced by the precisely regulated airflow. Such an improvement affects the AFM system dynamics, which were evaluated using a mathematical model presented in this paper. The model defines the relationships between the additional nonlinear force, the pressure of the applied air stream and the initial air gap between the upper surface of the cantilever and the end of the air duct. It was found that the nonlinear force created by the stream of compressed air (aerodynamic force) prevents the contact loss caused by the high scanning speed or higher surface roughness, and at the same time has minimal influence on the interaction force, thus maintaining stable contact between the probe and the surface. This improvement allows to effectively increase the scanning speed by at least 10 times using a soft (spring constant of 0.2 N/m) cantilever by applying the air pressure of 40 Pa. If a stiff cantilever (spring constant of 40 N/m) is used, the potential of accuracy improvement reaches 92 times. This method is suitable for use with different types of AFM sensors and can be implemented practically without essential changes in AFM sensor design.
Outing the Elephants: Exploring a New Paradigm for Child Protection Social Work
Authors: Hyslop Ian , Keddell Emily
Published: April 2018

This article sets out to deconstruct and challenge the psychologised and pathologising approach that has come to dominate child protection practice in Aotearoa-New Zealand and comparable societies in neoliberal times. Within a risk and protection focused paradigm circumstances and behaviours associated with material deprivation are construed as indicators of heightened danger and harm as opposed to a means of better understanding family life. In this way, although poverty may be classified as an issue that is worthy of attention in the realm of broader economic and social policy, structural inequality is rendered largely irrelevant to the practice of statutory child protection. This article sets out to trouble this construction. It will be argued that understandings of how the effects of material inequality are played out in the lives of children and their families are critical to the development of more effective child protection social work. This ‘life-world’ is generally populated by young women parenting in poverty. Poverty exacerbates the everyday struggle of parenting - it shames and dis-empowers; reducing confidence and perceptions of competence (Gupta, 2015). A paradigm shift is needed. Child protection policy and practice needs to re-engage with the every-day struggles that accompany the lives of socially marginalised families in increasingly stratified late capitalist society. The future of social work in child protection depends on it.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN BAKU KECERDASAN JAMAK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Jamaris Martini
Published: April 2018

Abstract: This reasearch was done in the form of research and development. The reason underlied the selection of the reasearch method was because the purpose of the reseacrh was to develop a valid and realiable instrument which can be used to measure the multiple-intellegences of the 4-5 years old childen. The multiple-intelligences measured were consisted of eigth dimensions, there were: verbal/linguistic intelligence, logical mathematical intelligence, visual spatial intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, bodily/kinesthetic intellgence, music/rythmic intelligence and naturalist intelligence. Based on the need in researching and developing, therefore, the study was conducted in two faces, as folowed : (1) the first face was literature research aiming to analyzed and synthesis concepts, principles, and theories. The result of the literature study was used formulte the construct of multiple intelligences, especially for the 4-5 years old children; (2) the second face was to define and to develop the valid and reliable multiple intelligences instrument for the 4-5 years old children.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode research and Development. Alasan pemilihan metode tersebut karena tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan validitas dan reliabilitas suatu instrumen yang bisa digunakan untuk mengukur kecerdasan majemuk anak usia 4-5 tahun. Kecerdasan majemuk dikur dengan delapan dimensi, yaitu: kecerdasan bahasa/verbal, kecerdasan logika matematika, kecerdasan visual, kecerdasan intrapersonal, kecerdasan interpersonal, kecerdasan gerak/kinestetik, kecerdasan musik, dan kecerdasan natural. Berdasarkan penelitian dan pengembangan, oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yaitu: (1) tahap pertama adalah penelitian literatur yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis konsep, prinsip, dan teori. Hasil dari penelitian literatur digunakannnya rumus untuk mengkonstruksi kecerdasan majemuk. Khususnya anak usia 4-5 tahum, (2) tahap kedua yaitu mendefinisikan dan mengembangkan validitas dan reliabiltas instrumen kecerdasan majemuk untuk anak usia 4-5 tahun. Kata Kunci: penelitian dan pengembangan, kecerdasan majemuk, instrumen validitas dan reliabilitas, anak usia 4-5 tahun, penelitian literatur, mendefinisikan dan mengembangkan
138 ‘PEER MEDIATED BUDDY PROGRAM’ UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI SOSIAL SISWA DENGAN AUTISME di SEKOLAH INKLUSI
Authors: Suprihatin Suprihatin
Published: April 2018

Abstract: This research aims to know application ‘peer mediated buddy program’ to student with autisme in the inclusion school which can improved social student competence with autis. This research used descriptive qualitative Research with used friend who training and piring to helm student with autis can make them socializing in or out classes. Regarding observation Result shows for the First Time, the volunteer felt confused to keep in touch with autism student. Because of the volunteer difficult to communicated with them, because One of the students still difficult to understand what he is talking about. He jus Said with duplicated what Hie friend Said. But, the attitude intensity decline like suddenly running to teacher who explaining a subject in front of the class. This indicates a successfull Action which is given to student with autism. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dengan diterapkannya ‘peer mediated buddy program’ kepada siswa dengan autisme disekolah inklusi akan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi sosial siswa dengan autisme. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teman sebaya yang sudah dilatih dan sengaja dipasangkan untuk membantu siswa dengan autisme bersosialisasi baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan selama tindakan berlangsung, tampak terlihat bahwa sukarelawan masih agak kebingungan pada awalnya ketika berinteraksi dengan siswa dengan autisme. Hal ini dikarenakan kendala komunikasi diantara mereka, salah satu siswa dengan autisme dalam penelitian ini memang cara berkomunikasinya masih sulit dipahami. dia berkomunikasi seperti membeo hanya menirukan kata-kata yang diucapkan oleh teman sukarelawannya. Namun ada penurunan intensitas perilaku yang kurang menyenangkan seperti berlari secara tiba-tiba ke arah guru yang sedang menerangkan pelajaran di depan kelas. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya keberhasilan tindakan yang diberikan kepada siswa dengan autisme tersebut.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK KERJA, KOMPENSASI, DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KOMITMEN GURU EKONOMI PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA) NEGERI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Sudiarditha I Ketut R.
Published: April 2018

In particular the aims of this research are: (1) to knew the direct effect of job characteristics toward job satisfaction of teachers. (2) to knew the direct effect on job satisfaction of teachers' compensation. (3) to knew the direct effect of job characteristics on teacher commitment. (4) to knew the direct effect of the components of teacher compensation. (5) to knew the direct effect of job satisfaction on the teachers commitment.The research was conducted at the High School (SMA) State of Bali Province which spread across nine counties and cities. The method used was survey method with causal techniques. The population in this study were all teachers who have passed the certification economics profession at High School (SMA) State of Bali province. The number of samples in the analysis suggested by Solimun Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of 400. The findings of this study indicate that: (1) there was a direct effect of the positive characteristics of the work on job satisfaction of teachers; means that the characteristics of the corresponding work will increase the job satisfaction of a good teacher. (2) there was a direct influence on job satisfaction of teachers' compensation; synonymous with high compensation will increase the job satisfaction of good teachers. (3) there was a direct positive effect on the commitment of teachers' job characteristics; means that the characteristics of the corresponding work will increase the commitment of a good teacher. (4) there was a direct positive effect on the commitment of teachers' compensation; synonymous with high compensation will increase the commitment of a good teacher. (5) there was a direct positive effect on the commitment of teachers' job satisfaction; synonymous with high job satisfaction will increase the commitment of a good teacher.

Abstrak

Secara khusus tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung karakteristik kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja guru; kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja guru; karakteristik kerja terhadap komitmen guru; kompensasi terhadap komponen guru; dan kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen guru. Penelitian dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri Provinsi Bali yang tersebar di sembilan kabupaten dan kota. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik kausal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru ekonomi yang telah lulus sertifikasi profesi pada Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri Provinsi Bali. Temuan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh langsung positif karakteristik kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja guru; kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja guru; karakteristik kerja terhadap komitmen guru; kompensasi terhadap komitmen guru; dan kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen guru; artinya dengan kepuasan kerja yang tinggi akan meningkatkan komitmen guru yang baik.
PERKEMBANGAN KECERDASAN LINGUISTIK DAN INTERPERSONAL ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI BERMAIN PERAN
Authors: Arsyad Lukman
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research is to study the development of linguistic and interpersonal intelligences applying role-play method at Al-Mourky kindergarten in Gorontalo. The research was conducted qualitatively using ethnographic approach, and applying Spradley technique. Results of the research show (1) early-aged children learn through playing in accordance with their interest, needs and physical as well as mental development (2) to develop linguistic and interpersonal intelligence, the children are assigned to play the role of different people with different profession such as teacher, doctor, policeman. (3) Role play method can also enhance other multiple intelligence. The Study concludes that the role play can develop the children’s intelligence.

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan linguistik dan kecerdasan interpersonal dengan mengaplikasikan metode bermain peran anak-anak usia dini di Al-Mourky Gorontalo. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi, dan mengaplikasikan teknik Spradley. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) anak usia dini belajar  melalui permainan yang sesuai dengan keinginan, kebutuhan, dan fisik juga perkembangan mental mereka. (2) perkembangan linguistik dan kecerdasan interpersonal, anak-anak memainkan permainan bermain peran orang dengan profesi yang berbeda seperti guru, dokter, polisi. (3) metode bermain peran bisa juga memperkaya kecerdasan multiple. Penelitian menyimpulkan bermain peran bisa mengembangkan kecerdasan anak-anak.
Struktur Komunitas Uca Spp. Di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove, Bedul Utara, Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Rizal Muhamad , Febriyanti Dewi , Sabila Husna ` , Damarwati Wahyu , Isfaeni Hanum
Published: April 2018

Abstract

 

The study aims were to determine the community structure of Uca sp.and its environmental factor at the segara anakan north Bedul Alas purwo national park. Research conducted when the lowest tide began on april 24th,2017. At research station, 30 sampling points was determined by purposive sampling method. Samples ware taken by making 1x1 square, space 5m between each square and observed with the space 2m between square and observer and after ten minutes then recorded all the species belonging to each plot. Environment parameters measured to determine the diference of environmental factor to structure community of Uca crabs. Samples of crab preserved with formaldehida 4% and collected in tha jar.  Eight species were found in segara anakan north bedul is Uca rosea, Uca perplexa, Uca capricornis, Uca bellator, Uca tetragonon, Uca crassipes, Uca rapax, Uca lactea.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas dari Uca sp. di kawasan hutan mangrove serta faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian dilakukan pada saat air surut terendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 24 April 2017. Metode yang dilakukan ialah dengan purposive sampling dan dengan menggunakan belt transek. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat plot berukuran 2 m x 2 m sebanyak 30 plot dan dengan jarak antar plot ialah 5 m. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan dari jarak 2 m dan setelah 10 menit kemudian di catat semua spesies yang termasuk ke dalam tiap plot. Dilakukan pengukuran parameter lingkungan untuk mengetahui perbedaan faktor lingkungan terhadap struktur komunitas kepiting Uca. Spesies kepiting yang telah tercatat diambil individunya untuk dijadikan sampel dan dilakukan identifikasi kemudian diawetkan di dalam botol selai dengan menggunakan formalin 4%. Sebanyak 8 jenis kepiting Uca yang ditemukan di hutan mangrove kawasan Bedul, yaitu Uca rosea, Uca perplexa, Uca capricornis, Uca bellator, Uca tetragonon, Uca crassipes, Uca rapax, Uca lactea.
KABA: CERITA KLASIK YANG MENGANDUNG KEKELIRUAN DENGAN TOLOK UKUR ABS-SBK
Authors: Zahari Musril
Published: April 2018

This study discusses kaba, the oral classic story in Minangkabau society that has been written as the book. The kaba is usually told by the story tellers accompanied by his music instruments. Many kabas exist in the Minangkabau community, but in this study I only discuss two kabas (1) Magek Manandin (2) Anggun Nan Tongga. Based on both kabas, I found that the gambling forbidden by Islam as if allowable. Within Anggun Nan Tongga, there are many discourses which are syirik (do worship other than Allah) that is slammed by Islam. These discourses should have not existed because they oppose to the philosophy of life in Minangkabau: custom/tradition founded upon Islamic law, Islamic law is founded upon the Qur'an, Islamic law dictates customs/traditions. This philosophy as the agreement among Minangkabau people is forbidden to change forever. Unfortunately, in these two kabas, the discourses about the gambling and kesyirikan are regarded as if the truth even though so many verses in the Alquran explain about these deviations.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang kaba, cerita turun temurun suku Minangkabau dituliskan ke dalam sebuah buku. Kaba biasanya diceritakan oleh seseorang dengan iringan musik. Banyak Kabas terdapat dalam suku Minangkabau. Tapi dalam penelitian ini hanya mendiskusikan dua Abas (1) Magek Manandin, (2) Anggun Nan Tongga.  Berasal dari kedua kaba tersebut, saya menemukan larangan judi oleh Islam yang seolah-seolah diizinkan. Dalam Anggun Nan Tongga, terdapat banyak ceramah yang mana sirik (menyembah sesuatu selain Allah) adalah menghancurkan islam. Ceramah ini tidak seharusnya ada karena mereka  menentang filosofi kehidupan suku Minangkabau: baju/ tradisi yang ditemukan berdasarkan hukum islam, hukum islam ditemukan berdasarkan AlQur’an. Hukum islam diktat tradisi. Filosofi ini sebagai persetujuan orang-orang Minangkabau yang melarang perubahan selamanya. Sayangnya, dalam dua Kaba ini, ceramah tentang perjudian dan kesyirikan dianggap seolah-olah suatu kebenaran. Walaupun, banyak versi Alqur’an yang menjambarkan tentang penyimpangan ini.
THE HEALTHY EATING GOAL-SETTING AND THE PLANNING AND SCHEDULING SCALES FOR MEASURING SELF-REGULATION FOR HEALTHY EATING
Authors: Østbye Truls , Stroo Marissa , Stankevitz Kayla , Malhotra Rahul , Brouwer Rebecca
Published: April 2018

Objectives: Healthy eating is a central target in many obesity interventions. Self-regulation is supported by theory and research as a key factor in behavior change. While a measure of self-regulation for physical activity has been developed, no such measure exists to quantify self-regulation for healthy eating. The aim of this research was to develop and validate two scales, one for Goal-setting (HEGS), and one for Planning and Scheduling (HEPS), for measuring self-regulation for healthy eating.Methods: The scales were modeled after similar scales for self-regulation of physical activity and administered to 550 participants with obesity in a workplace weight management program at two timepoints. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlations were used to investigate structural and criterion-related validity respectively.Results: PCA indicated that HEGS contained one single factor corresponding to goal-setting, and HEPS two factors relating to planning. All displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient>0.7). The scales demonstrated strong criterion-related validity, evidenced by significant association with antecedents and consequences of self-regulation.Conclusions: The scales for measuring self-regulation for healthy eating showed good internal consistency, structural validity, and criterion-related validity. They can be used to assess self-regulation in interventions, and to investigate interaction between self-regulation and healthy eating behavior change.
Managing Social Impacts of Labour Influx: Lessons Learned from a World Bank Global Portfolio Review
Authors: Wagner Jay , Dowse Susan , Jones Murray , Orenstein Marla , Owen Dan
Published: April 2018

Labor influx is not a new phenomenon and can occur in the context of any major project, including in oil and gas, mining and infrastructure developments. The large-scale and often remote and trans-boundary nature of oil and gas projects can make such undertakings particularly vulnerable to such dynamics. A key driver of socio-economic change in any project context can be rapid population growth or influx in response to project labor demand, or perceptions of direct or indirect economic opportunity associated with the project.

Whereas labor influx can have positive effects (e.g., increased opportunities for local businesses, increased human capital), more often than not labor influxresults in or contributes to adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts. If not planned for and effectivelymanaged, labor influx can lead to human welfare risks, including gender-based violence and trauma and negatively affect public infrastructure, housing, natural resource management and social dynamics in the project area and region. These impacts, whichoften long outlast the project and investment cycle, canrepresenta significant risk for oil and gasprojects andlead tocommunity anger and social conflict, reputational impacts, investor concerns, cost overruns, delays, and in extreme cases can put at risk the License to Operate.

This paper summarizes the results of a recent global portfolio review focused on labor influx and social impacts commissioned by World Bank (WB). The study was carried out in 2017 as part of a series of actions set in motion by serious allegations of social impact related to a transport project in Uganda, which resulted in the ultimate cancellation of the investment by the WB. While drawing on research into infrastructure projects the paperdiscusseskey observations and lessonsrelevant to the oil and gas industry, and provides recommendations for project planners and managers faced with the potential for labor influx. It concludes that influx is a strategic but often overlooked aspect of project risk management, and outlineskey mitigation measures that should be in every project's social risk management toolkit.
A Comprehensive Model for Single Ring Infiltration II: Estimating Field‐Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
Authors: Stewart Ryan D. , Abou Najm Majdi R.
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Four approaches were tested to estimate Kfs from single ring infiltration data.

Highest accuracy occurred when capillary length was appropriately constrained.

Kfs estimates improved if capillary length was overestimated vs. underestimated.

Assuming a universal capillary length can also be useful for determining Kfs.

Kfs can be accurately estimated using both early‐time and steady‐state data.

In this study, we explored four approaches to infer field‐saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) from both early‐time and steady‐state infiltration measurements using an explicit expression for three‐dimensional flow. All approaches required an estimate of the soil capillary length, λ. Approach 1 estimated Kfs via optimization, in which all other infiltration parameters (9 in total) were known. The remaining approaches constrained λ through different interpretations of coefficients generated by linear regression between infiltration and time. Approach 2 utilized these coefficients plus estimated soil water content to simultaneously quantify both λ and Kfs. Approach 3 used an analytical expression in which λ was estimated based on water retention/unsaturated hydraulic conductivity parameters, while Approach 4 adopted a universal λ value of 15 cm. The accuracy of these four approaches were tested using numerical and laboratory infiltration data. Approach 1 had the highest accuracy but also required the most auxiliary data, making it most suitable for laboratory and numerical experiments. Approach 2 was the least consistent, providing negative estimates for λ and Kfs under certain conditions. Approach 3 also gave accurate predictions of Kfs, but may be inaccurate in instances where the water retention model parameters are uncertain or do not describe soil hydraulic behaviors well. Approach 4 provided reasonable estimates of Kfs (within a factor of three from the actual value in most cases), while not requiring additional observational data. The optimal approach for interpreting Kfs will thus vary depending on the type and quality of available auxiliary data.
Evaluation of Factors Driving Seasonal Nitrate Variations in Surface and Underground Systems of a Karst Catchment
Authors: Yue Fu-Jun , Li Si-Liang , Zhong Jun , Liu Jing
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

High NO3− concentrations were detected in an area with developed conduit networks and sinkholes.

Stable isotopes of water and NO3− were used to identify their transport.

Isotopic composition of NO3− was affected by denitrification, particularly in the wet season.

Water management should consider the linkage between N flux and rainfall.

A typical mixed‐land‐use karst catchment in Guizhou Province, southwestern China, with well‐developed conduit networks was studied to understand the spatiotemporal variability of nitrate sources and transformation processes. High nitrate concentrations were detected in the karstic study area, which is particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic pollution and is considered a representative catchment to understand the surface–underground system in southwestern China. The stable isotopes of water and nitrate (δDwater, δ18Owater, δ15Nnitrate, and δ18Onitrate) were used to identify nitrate sources and to assess seasonal variations in hydrological processes affecting nitrate levels. Monthly sampling indicated that nitrate flux is strongly related to agricultural activities and the intensity of rainfall, which can accelerate transport between the surface water (SFW) and underground water (UGW) systems. Nitrate in water samples showed nitrification characteristics and was mainly derived from the oxidation of reductive fertilizers including organic N fertilizer. The isotopic composition of nitrate was affected by denitrification, particularly in the wet season. Isotopic signatures indicate that moderate evaporation occurs during the dry season. Denitrification in underground conduits appears to be relatively minor compared with that in SFW. The results of this study suggest that rainfall is an important factor influencing N flux, which has implications for water management.
Quantifying Subsurface Lateral Flow along Sloping Horizon Boundaries in Soil Profiles of a Hummocky Ground Moraine
Authors: Filipović Vilim , Gerke Horst H. , Filipović Lana , Sommer Michael
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Hydropedologic factors control subsurface lateral flow in eroded hillslope soils.

Depth to C horizon, hydraulic properties, and initial conditions are most sensitive.

Virtual 2D model experiment predicts effect of tracer injection on lateral movement.

Lateral flow at sloping C horizon surface locally separated from tracer plume.

Erosion‐induced feedback on subsurface lateral flow by varying depths to C horizon.

Subsurface lateral flow in hillslope soils depends on lower permeability or texture‐contrasting soil horizons. In the arable hummocky soil landscape, erosion processes caused glacial till appearance closer to the soil surface at upslope positions. The objective of this work was to quantify the potential for subsurface lateral flow depending on the erosion‐affected spatial hydropedological complexity. The eroded Haplic Luvisol profile was studied due to the presence of a relatively dense C horizon that varied in depth, thickness, and sloping angle. A two‐dimensional numerical modeling and sensitivity analysis for the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of the C horizon and the depth to C horizon (i.e., soil solum thickness) was performed for rainstorms in 2011 and 2012 using HYDRUS‐2D. A Ks value of ≤2.5 cm d−1 for the C horizon was required for lateral flow initiation. Lateral flow was (i) increasing with decreasing solum thickness, indicating an erosion‐induced feedback on subsurface lateral flow, and (ii) dependent on the soil moisture regime prior to rainstorms. The effect of lateral flow on the movement of a conservative tracer was simulated in the form of a “virtual experiment”. Simulation scenarios revealed only a relatively small lateral shift of the tracer plume caused by a local decoupling of water (already lateral) from subsequent tracer movement (still vertical). Longer term simulations suggested that, for the present conditions, lateral flow was limited mostly to occasional summer storm events. Even without considering preferential flow contribution to lateral flow, highly complex hydropedologic interactions are present in erosion‐affected heterogeneous soil profiles.
Analisis Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Sudarsono Heri
Published: April 2018

This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the amount of profitability (ROA) provided by Islamic banking in Indonesia. The data which is used is taken from the financial report of the Shari’a Bank during the 2011-2016 periods by using montly financial statement This study uses a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to see the long-term effect and response to shock that occur in the studied variables. The result shows that in the long run, the percentage Financing (FIN) and BOPO give a positive siqnifikant effect on the ROA, while third party funds (DPK), percentage profit and loss sharing (TBH), financial to deposit ratio (FDR) has negative and siqnificant effect on the ROA. Sertifikat Bank Indonesia Syariah (SBIS) and non performing finance (NPF) have no significant effect on the ROA. In short run, ROA give a negatif and siqnificant effect on the ROA and FDR give a positif and siqnificant effect, while DPK, FIN, SBIS, TBH, NPF and BOPO have no sinificant effect on the ROA. Therfore, shocks that occur in the ROA, FIN, FDR , NPF dan BOPO positively responded by ROA and will be stable in the long term. While the shocks that occur in the percentage of FDR, SBIS and TBH responded negatively by financing and will be stable in the long term.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi profitabilitas (ROA) perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan data bulanan dari laporan keuangan bank syariah periode 2010-2015. Penelitian ini mengunakan Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) untuk melihat dampak jangka panjang dan respon terhadap dampak shock pada setiap variabel terhadap pembiayaan. Hasil olah data menunjukkan bahwa FIN dan BOPO berhubungan positif terhadap ROA, sedangkan DPK, TBH, FDR berhubungan negatif terhadap dan ROA SBIS dan NPF tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat ROA. Dalam jangka pendek, ROA berhubungan negatif, tetapi FDR terhadap ROA berhubungan positif. Sedangkan DPK, FIN, SBIS, TBH, NPF and BOPO tidak berhubungan dengan pembiayaan. Di lain pihak, respon pembiayan terhadap goncangan yang terjadi terjadi pada ROA, FIN, FDR, NPF dan BOPO direspon positif oleh ROA. Sedangkan respon ROA terhadap goncangan yang terjadi pada FDR, SBIS dan TBH adalah negatif.
On the issue of impact of anisotropy of the rotor elastic suspension on the performance of the automatic balancer
Authors: Strautmanis Guntis , Mezitis Mareks , Strautmane Valentina , Gorbenko Alexander
Published: April 2018

Experimental researches of a vertical rotor with a ball-type automatic balancer with a circular cross-section of the body have proved its efficiency in the reduction of vibrations of an out-of-balance rotor, however for acceleration of compensating masses till the rotor working velocity it is necessary to set initial velocity. A value of the initial velocity of compensating masses depends on the stiffness of the elastic rotor suspension. At the same time, real elastic suspensions of rotors possess nonhomogeneous elastic dissipative characteristics in directions. The research is aimed at determining the influence of anisotropy of the elastic rotor suspension on the acceleration of compensating masses. The authors give recommendations on the selection of parameters of a rotor suspension.
Natural characteristics analysis of aircraft wing box based on finite element method and measured data
Authors: Wei Zhang , Ling An Lu , Geng Xu Yi , Ping Wu Xiu , Qiang Gao Guo
Published: April 2018

Compared with other mechanical products, aircraft structures have more rigorous requirements on flying performance, safety, reliability and service life. Based on the finite element method (FEM), the key component of the wing box model is explored in this paper, which provides a reference for the structure design and manufacture of aircraft wing box. The three-dimensional point cloud data of components are obtained by optical measurement systems, the deviation analysis between the point cloud model and the nominal model is carried out as a prerequisite, and then the natural characteristics of the model is analyzed. The results show that 99.15 % of the measured points have deviations within 0.38 mm, which verifies the accuracy of the nominal model. The first six modes are all bending modal shape, and the larger amplitude region mainly occurs in the wing ribs, which means its bending strength should be improved for structure design. Besides, the sixth-mode simultaneously result in front spar, stringer and rib bending vibration.
Multi-cutter turning process stability analysis
Authors: Gouskov A. M. , Guskov M. A. , Tung Ding Dyk , Panovko G.
Published: April 2018

This work displays results of a modelling-based investigation a process of multi-cutter turning process focusing on the stability of nominal steady-state case. The modelling is based on the new surface formation equations, on the equations of motion and on a rational fraction cutting law. The influence of the parameters of the system on the stability of the steady cut is analyzed.
Consumption prediction of bearing spare parts based on a hybrid model
Authors: Chen Yukun , Gao Qi , Su Xiaobo , Yu Chenchen
Published: April 2018

Aiming at improving the accuracy of consumption prediction, a hybrid model was constructed, which designs an empirical wavelet filter bank to remove noise factors in original data. Besides the value prediction, the EWT-PGPR model can also give a certain credible interval, which effectively improves the practicability of the model.
Comparison of seismic performance of steel frames equipped with diagonal and chevron viscous damper under near and far field earthquakes
Authors: Sedaghat Shaygan Davood , Nodeh Farahoni Rasoul , Lork Alireza , Abdollahzadeh Gholamreza
Published: April 2018

A complete comparison of seismic behavior of the application of Diagonal and Chevron Viscous Damper in steel structures is presented in this paper. OpenSees software is used for the numerical modeling of structures. Fifteen numbers of earthquake records are applied to the structures and full nonlinear time history analysis is done. Force-displacement of chevron braces with and without a damper are compared and the results of IDA curves are also presented for different percentiles.
Numerical simulation analysis of multi-physical coupling field with abrasive flow precision polishing variable-aperture tube
Authors: Li Jun Ye , Meng Wen Qing , Wang Bin Yu , Xiong Hua , Zhang Xin Ming , Hou Ji Kun
Published: April 2018

In the fields of aerospace, precision machinery and energy, there are variable-diameter tubes for many key components. Abrasive flow polishing technology is an effective precision polishing technology for finishing the workpiece with an internal cavity structure. This technology can improve the quality of part finishing, reduce stress concentration, and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece, and ultimately can improve the performance of the workpiece. In this paper, variable-aperture tube is taken as the research object, and the characteristics of abrasive flow in the multi-physics coupling field are studied by numerical simulation, and the collision removal effect between the abrasive particle and the wall surface is analyzed. We also discussed the control law of the abrasive grain flow processing quality and provided theoretical guidance for abrasive grain flow polishing of this type of part.
Impact of a multidimensional child cash grant programme on water, sanitation and hygiene in Nepal
Authors: Renzaho Andre , Chitekwe Stanley , Chen Wen , Rijal Sanjay , Dhakal Thakur , Chikazaza Ingrid R. , Dahal Pradiumna
Published: April 2018

The study evaluated the impact of a multidimensional child cash grant (CCG) programme on safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) outcomes. The intervention district received a CCG providing 200 Nepalese Rupee per month for up to two children for poor families with children under five, a capacity building component for effective child sensitive social protection, and behaviour change activities in addition to existing standard social welfare services in the form of targeted resource transfers (TRTs) for eligible families. The control district received only TRTs for eligible families. Propensity scores were used in difference-in-differences models to compare the changes over time between the intervention and control groups. The intervention resulted in a 5.5% (p < 0.01), 46.6% (p < 0.001) and 42.2% (p < 0.001) percentage points reduction in the proportion of households reporting drinking water from unimproved sources, having unimproved sanitation facilities, and practising unsanitary disposal of children's faeces, respectively. However, the prevalence of households practising inadequate water treatment methods did not differ between the intervention and comparison districts. In order to achieve WASH coverage in Nepal, strategies to scale up the intervention need to consider a social protection programme embedding different financial incentive and integrated capacity mechanisms.
Optimization of ozonation and peroxone process for simultaneous control of micropollutants and bromate in wastewater
Authors: Phattarapattamawong Songkeart , Kaiser Andreas Marius , Saracevic Ernis , Schaar Heidemarie Paula , Krampe Jörg
Published: April 2018

The study aims to simultaneously control micropollutants and bromate formations by using ozonation and peroxone process. The batch experiments were run with variations in specific ozone dose (SOD) and hydrogen peroxide-to-ozone (H2O2/O3) ratio. Based on the removal by ozonation and peroxone, micropollutants were categorized into three groups: non-reactive compounds (i.e. amidotrizoate), moderately reactive compounds (i.e. metoprolol, acesulfame potassium, bezafibrate, and benzotriazole), and highly reactive compounds (i.e. carbamazepine and diclofenac). For ozonation and peroxone process, the removals for highly reactive compounds and moderately reactive compounds were 82–99% and 29–99%, respectively. The removal of amidotrizoate was not observed in this study. The effect of ozonation on micropollutant removals was similar to the peroxone process. However, differences in bromate formation were observed. Bromate formation depended on the SOD, while addition of hydrogen peroxide suppressed the bromate formation. The peroxone process at the H2O2/O3 ratio of 0.3 was recommended to bromide-containing water below 100 µg·L−1 for simultaneous control of micropollutants and bromate. Enhancement in micropollutant removals, except for the non-reactive groups, was achieved with either higher SOD or the addition of hydrogen peroxide to ozonation. The micropollutant removal predicted from the second-order kinetic reaction with ozone and •OH exposures was higher than the observed data.
A large eddy simulation study to assess low-speed wind and baffle orientation effects in a water treatment sedimentation basin
Authors: Goodarzi Danial , Lari Kaveh Sookhak , Alighardashi Abolghasem
Published: April 2018

Hydraulic performance of clarifiers in water and wastewater treatment plants significantly affects the settling efficiency of suspended particles. Structural and ambient parameters can deteriorate this performance. Through a verified three dimensional numerical study, we evaluated hydraulic performance and settling efficiency in a rectangular clarifier with a nominal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 h and options for structural baffles with angles of 20°, 30°, 45° and 70°. Large eddy simulation and Lagrangian particle tracing were used to trace particles 80 to 850 μm in diameter. A passive scalar tracer study was conducted to reveal discrepancies in nominal and real HRT. By posing a 5 m/s wind, ten different scenarios were simulated. The wind caused 17% and 6% reduction in HRT and settling efficiency, respectively. Baffles improved these indicators with the 45° baffle showing the best performance with an approximate settling efficiency of 93%. The study highlighted the importance of using baffles, in particular for small size particles for which influencing factors such as wind deteriorate their settling efficiency.
Thiazole: A Privileged Motif in Marine Natural Products
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Aggarwal Ranjana
Published: April 2018

Marine natural products have proven to be a rich source of drugs and drug leads. These natural products are secondary metabolites and show biological activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Natural products containing thiazole ring occur often in marine sources. They exhibit diverse and remarkable biological activities, including antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities, to name a few. This review surveys the natural thiazole derivatives that have been isolated from marine microorganisms, with emphasis on biological implications in last three decades.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Ekspresi TLR4 dan Apoptosis pada Jaringan Otak Tikus Model Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Authors: Prasetyo Bowo Hery , Handono Kusworini , Dalhar Mochamad
Published: April 2018

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) merupakan cedera kepala yang sering terjadi pada populasi di seluruh dunia. Selama cedera kepala terjadi reaksi kaskade inflamasi yang dihubungkan dengan aktivasi TLR4. Propolis adalah produk lebah dengan kandungan flavonoid tinggi yang mempunyai efek antioksidan, anti inflamasi, proteksi DNA, neuroprotektan, dan immunomodulator. Kandungan propolis berupa Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) dapat menekan reperfusi iskemia, mencegah aktifasi TLR4, menghambat produksi sitokin proinflamasi dan menghambat produksi ROS pada level transkripsi melalui supresi aktivasi NFkB sehingga akan menghambat apoptosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak propolis dalam berbagai dosis pada ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis di jaringan otak tikus Rattus norvegicus model trauma kapitis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah imunohistokimia dan DNA terfragmentasi (TUNEL). Sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu:Â  kelompok model trauma dan perlakuan propolis masing-masing dosisÂ  50mg, 100mg, dan 200mg, kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Pada akhir penelitian, tikus dikorbankan dan dibuat preparat otak untuk menilai ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, didapatkan hubunganÂ  yang signifikan antara ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis sel otak tikus model traumatik dengan berbagai dosis propolis (p=0,000, r=-0,903, p=0,000, r=-0,907, Korelasi Pearson). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa propolis berpengaruh dalam penurunan ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis di sel otak tikus model trauma kapitis.
Analisis Konsentrasi Low Density Lipoprotein Teroksidasi Serum pada Tahapan Aterosklerosis
Authors: Ismawati Ismawati , Oenzil Fadil , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Yerizel Eti
Published: April 2018

Aterosklerosis merupakan proses yang terjadi secara bertahap meliputi tahap inisiasi, progresi dan komplikasi. Beberapa penelitian memperlihatkan kaitan antara stres oksidatif dengan aterosklerosis, tetapi belum ada penelitian yang menganalisis perbedaan stres oksidatif pada berbagai tahap aterosklerosis. Konsentrasi oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) menggambarkan stres oksidatif yang terjadi sehingga dikenal sebagai marker stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi oxLDL serum pada berbagai tahap aterosklerosis pada hewan coba. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran kadar oxLDL serum pada 24 ekor tikus yang terdiri dari kelompok normal, inisiasi, progresi dan komplikasi. Induksi aterosklerosis dilakukan dengan pemberian vitamin D3 (700.000 IU/kg) dan pakan tinggi lipid (kolesterol 2%, lemak kambing 5%, asam kolat 0,2%) masing-masing selama 2 hari, 4 hari dan 2 minggu. Konsentrasi oxLDL serum diukur dengan teknik Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Data disajikan sebagai rata-rataÂ±SD. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Anova. Konsentrasi oxLDL serum lebih tinggi pada inisiasi dibandingkan normal (2,17Â±0,26ng/mL versus 1,93Â±0,25ng/mL, p>0,05) dan lebih tinggi lagi pada progresi dan komplikasi (2,75Â±0,25ng/mL dan 3,3Â±0,61ng/mL, p<0,05) masing-masing terhadap normal dan inisiasi). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi oxLDL pada berbagai tahap aterosklerosis dan konsentrasi paling tinggi pada tahap komplikasi. Hal ini membuka kemungkinan untuk mengembangkan oxLDL sebagai marker tahapan aterosklerosis.
Surveilans Infeksi Nosokomial di RSJ Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang, Aplikasi Kriteria McGeer
Authors: Donosepoetro Imelda Fitria , Hakim Lukman , Hariyanto Tatong
Published: April 2018

Infeksi nosokomial merupakan salah satu tolok ukur mutu sebuah rumah sakit yang dipengaruhi karakteristik rumah sakit. Fasilitas kesehatan jangka panjang yang termasuk rumah sakit jiwa, berbeda dari rumah sakit pada umumnya dilihat dari karakteristik penghuninya yang membutuhkan supervisi 24 jam oleh tenaga kesehatan. McGeer mengembangkan sebuah kriteria infeksi nosokomial khusus untuk fasilitas kesehatan jangka panjang karena di fasilitas tersebut minim tindakan invasif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran infeksi nosokomial di di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang (RSJRW) dengan modifikasi kriteria McGeer, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian infeksi nosokomial tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSJRW pada bulan Februari-April 2016 dengan pasien rawat inap periode bulan April 2016 sebagai populasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman baru dan lembar observasi suveilan yang menggabungkan kriteria Kemenkes RI dan kriteria McGeer untuk infeksi nosokomial di fasilitas kesehatan jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan adanya kejadian infeksi nosokomial dengan menggunakan Kriteria McGeer, dan sebagai studi pendahuluan surveilans infeksi nosokomial di RSJRW dengan menggunakan Kriteria McGeer. Desain penelitian adalah kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kriteria baru sebagai pedoman surveilans di RSJRWdapat mengidentifikasi 30 insiden infeksi nosokomial tunggal, dengan rate tertinggi infeksi saluran kemih (20,83â€°) dan plebitis (11,8â€°). Faktor-faktor yang secara signifikan berpengaruh adalah usia, mobilitas terganggu, pemakaian kateter, pemakaian infus, dan ruangan dengan tindakan invasif lebih berisiko daripada ruangan perawatan lainnya.
Pengetahuan Keluarga Berperan terhadap Keterlambatan Kedatangan Pasien Stroke Iskemik Akut di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Rachmawati Dewi , Andarini Sri , Ningsih Dewi Kartikawati
Published: April 2018

Keberhasilan tindakan dan peningkatan outcome pada stroke sangat bergantung pada kecepatan pasien dibawa ke instalasi gawat darurat namun sebagian besar pasien stroke iskemik akut datang terlambat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan peringatan gejala stroke terhadap keterlambatan kedatangan pasien post serangan stroke iskemik akut di instalasi gawat darurat di RSUD Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner pada anggota keluarga pasien stroke iskemik akut yang dipilih secara consecutive sejumlah 58 orang dengan pertimbanganÂ  mengetahui dan terlibat langsung membawa pasien ke instalasi gawat darurat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dan regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap keterlambatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor pengetahuan responden adalah 8,55Â±SD 4,551 dan koefisien korelasi -0,303 (p=0,041). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan peringatan gejala stroke menurunkan keterlambatan kedatangan pasien post serangan stroke iskemik akut.