bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Should seasonal rainfall forecasts be used for flood preparedness?
Authors: Coughlan de Perez Erin , Stephens Elisabeth , Bischiniotis Konstantinos , van Aalst Maarten , van den Hurk Bart , Mason Simon , Nissan Hannah , Pappenberger Florian
Published: September 2017

Abstract. In light of strong encouragement for disaster managers to use climate services for flood preparation, we question whether seasonal rainfall forecasts should indeed be used as indicators of the likelihood of flooding. Here, we investigate the primary indicators of flooding at the seasonal timescale across sub-Saharan Africa. Given the sparsity of hydrological observations, we input bias-corrected reanalysis rainfall into the Global Flood Awareness System to identify seasonal indicators of floodiness. Results demonstrate that in some regions of western, central, and eastern Africa with typically wet climates, even a perfect tercile forecast of seasonal total rainfall would provide little to no indication of the seasonal likelihood of flooding. The number of extreme events within a season shows the highest correlations with floodiness consistently across regions. Otherwise, results vary across climate regimes: floodiness in arid regions in southern and eastern Africa shows the strongest correlations with seasonal average soil moisture and seasonal total rainfall. Floodiness in wetter climates of western and central Africa and Madagascar shows the strongest relationship with measures of the intensity of seasonal rainfall. Measures of rainfall patterns, such as the length of dry spells, are least related to seasonal floodiness across the continent. Ultimately, identifying the drivers of seasonal flooding can be used to improve forecast information for flood preparedness and to avoid misleading decision-makers.
Limited susceptibility of rhesus macaques to a cowpox virus isolated from a lethal outbreak among New World monkeys
Authors: Mätz-Rensing Kerstin , Yue Constanze , Klenner Jeanette , Ellerbrok Heinz , Stahl-Hennig Christiane
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This study was undertaken to investigate the susceptibility of rhesus monkeys to the calpox virus, an orthopoxvirus (OPXV) of the Cowpox virus species (CPXV), which is uniformly lethal in common marmosets. Six rhesus monkeys were either intravenously (i.v.) or intranasally (i.n.) exposed to the virus. Monitoring of the macaques after viral exposure included physical examinations, the determination of viral load by real-time PCR and plaque assay, and the analysis of humoral responses. Two i.v. inoculated animals developed numerous classical pox lesions that started after inoculation at days 7 and 10. Both animals became viremic and seroconverted. They exhibited maximal numbers of lesions of approximately 50 and 140 by day 21. One animal completely recovered, while the other one suffered from a phlegmonous inflammation of a leg initially induced by a secondarily infected pox lesion and was euthanized for animal welfare reasons. In contrast to previous pathogenicity studies with the calpox virus in marmosets, none of the four animals inoculated intranasally with doses of the calpox virus exceeding those used in marmosets by orders of magnitude showed typical clinical symptoms. No viral DNA was detectable in the blood of those animals, but three animals seroconverted. In two of these three animals, infectious virus was sporadically isolated from saliva. This indicates that rhesus monkeys are less susceptible to calpox virus infection, which limits their use in further intervention studies with OPXV.
Global patterns in Earth's dynamic topography since the Jurassic: the role of subducted slabs
Authors: Rubey Michael , Brune Sascha , Heine Christian , Davies D. Rhodri , Williams Simon E. , Müller R. Dietmar
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We evaluate the spatial and temporal evolution of Earth's long-wavelength surface dynamic topography since the Jurassic using a series of high-resolution global mantle convection models. These models are Earth-like in terms of convective vigour, thermal structure, surface heat-flux and the geographic distribution of heterogeneity. The models generate a degree-2-dominated spectrum of dynamic topography with negative amplitudes above subducted slabs (i.e. circum-Pacific regions and southern Eurasia) and positive amplitudes elsewhere (i.e. Africa, north-western Eurasia and the central Pacific). Model predictions are compared with published observations and subsidence patterns from well data, both globally and for the Australian and southern African regions. We find that our models reproduce the long-wavelength component of these observations, although observed smaller-scale variations are not reproduced. We subsequently define geodynamic rules for how different surface tectonic settings are affected by mantle processes: (i) locations in the vicinity of a subduction zone show large negative dynamic topography amplitudes; (ii) regions far away from convergent margins feature long-term positive dynamic topography; and (iii) rapid variations in dynamic support occur along the margins of overriding plates (e.g. the western US) and at points located on a plate that rapidly approaches a subduction zone (e.g. India and the Arabia Peninsula). Our models provide a predictive quantitative framework linking mantle convection with plate tectonics and sedimentary basin evolution, thus improving our understanding of how subduction and mantle convection affect the spatio-temporal evolution of basin architecture.
CONFLITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NA GESTÃO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DOS LENÇÓIS MARANHENSES: O CASO DAS COMUNIDADES TRATADA DE CIMA, TRATADA DE BAIXO E BURITIZAL
Authors: Terra Ademir
Published: September 2017

O Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses (PNLM) faz parte do grupo de Unidades de Proteção Integral e, como previsto pelo Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC), na categoria de parque, tem como objetivo preservar a natureza, sendo admitido apenas o uso indireto dos seus recursos naturais. Por ter sido criado em um contexto histórico em que predominava a concepção dicotômica sociedade-natureza, a presença do ser humano habitando em seu interior não é permitida. Todavia, como não foi providenciada a retirada de centenas de famílias que residem na área desde o final do século XIX, por força da legislação, elas passaram a sofrer restrições que implicam a impossibilidade de manutenção das atividades até então praticadas de acordo com seus padrões culturais tradicionais, sem que lhes fossem oferecidas alternativas compatíveis com as necessidades de subsistência e reprodução, nem com a manutenção e preservação de seu gênero de vida. Em razão disso, os conflitos preexistentes foram potencializados após a criação do parque, resultando no surgimento de outros, mais complexos, os quais nos propomos a analisar neste artigo. Palavras-chave: Conflitos socioambientais, Parque Nacional, Lençóis Maranhenses.
TRANSFORMAÇÕES E PERMANÊNCIAS DOS ESTUDOS COMPARADOS NA GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Nascimento Júnior Lindberg
Published: September 2017

A utilização da comparação nos estudos geográficos é antiga e foi admitida, no início, como método. Atualmente, ela vem sendo entendida como uma questão metodológica – relativa à escolha deliberada e realizada pelo pesquisador, e por isso, foi reduzida a um procedimento. Com o intuito de contribuir para esse debate, e ao mesmo tempo, oferecer elementos teóricos e metodológicos dos estudos comparados, este artigo discute como o processo de comparação foi submetido a mudanças de estrutura e organização na história da Geografia. Uma vez que as alterações estruturais estão relacionadas aos métodos, a organização se associa aos conceitos de região homogênea, diferenciação de áreas e produção do espaço. Apesar de parecerem fragmentados, sugere-se ser mais interessante conservar os conceitos em constante tensão dialética, ajustando-os às interações que travam entre si, enquanto momentos distintos da totalidade (universalização, particularização e singularização). Desta forma, é possível absorvê-los nos estudos comparados ora evidenciando diferenças ou similaridades, ora destacando generalizações e particularizações. Palavras-chave: Análise geográfica, estudos comparados, história da Geografia.
VULNERABILIDADE À PERDA DE SOLO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DA RESTINGA DE JURUBATIBA: CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA UMA PROPOSTA DE ATRIBUIÇÃO DE PESO
Authors: De Oliveira Folharini Saulo , Célia de Oliveira Regina , Luiz dos Santos Furtado André
Published: September 2017

O estudo sistêmico procura compreender as relações existentes entre os diferentes componentes e como cada um deles atua na evolução da paisagem. Para tanto, é possível utilizar softwares de geoprocessamento que apresentam ferramentas que permitem empregar procedimentos e métodos específicos de análise de dados e informações sobre o meio ambiente. A vulnerabilidade à perda de solo tem sido investigada por meio de diferentes propostas metodológicas, entre elas, a atribuição de pesos fixos às características ambientais. Nesse caso, as características locais da área estudada não são consideradas, o que pode acarretar a obtenção de resultados imprecisos. Com o objetivo de contribuir para a discussão sobre a atribuição de pesos na análise da vulnerabilidade à perda de solo, o presente estudo propõe considerar nos cálculos a incidência espacial das classes de cada característica ambiental, tendo como área de estudo o Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba e sua zona de amortecimento terrestre. Dessa forma, o peso torna-se variável e dependente da área, ou seja, a importância da distribuição espacial das classes de características ambientais torna-se o ponto fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estudos nessa temática e a metodologia pode ser aplicada em qualquer área de estudo, com pesos sendo definidos de acordo com a área de cada característica ambiental.Palavras-chave: Atribuição de peso, Jurubatiba, perda de solo, vulnerabilidade
Operating Efficiency and its Effect from Innovative Teaching through Digital Mobile e-Learning for Public and Private High Schools
Authors: Liu Hsiang-Hsi , Kuo Fu-Hsiang
Published: September 2017

The goal of this research is to evaluate the innovative teaching to affect school efficiency through using digital mobile e-learning of high school in Taiwan. Based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression model (TRM). The empirical results of this research indicate the following results: (1) Importing digital mobile e-learning can really enhance the efficiency of school management. (2) School size, teacher-student ratio, School High-Vocational attribute, especially the numbers of technical teachers in teaching or consulting about digital mobile e-learning knowledge and numbers of Tablet PC (proxy for digital mobile e-learning) to affect efficiency of school management. Therefore, in order to increase students learning effectiveness in school, it is necessary to first add school size, Tablet PC numbers and technical teachers. However, total equipment expenses associated with tablet PC has a small negative influence on school management efficiency due to the increasing costs for furnishing the related internet and network equipment or device facilitate for teaching and learning among teachers and students by digital mobile e-learning. The results of this research can also be the reference for educational authorities when formulating policies and regulations for promoting digital mobile e-learning.
An Unusual Case of Portal Hypertension Secondary to Primary Hypoplasia of the Portal Vein
Authors: Harris Lauren , Reems Miryam , Dial Sharon
Published: September 2017

Primary hypoplasia of the portal vein with secondary portal hypertension and acquired portosystemic collateral circulation is infrequently reported in the veterinary literature. Diagnosis of this condition requires documentation of abnormal hepatocellular function, the lack of intrahepatic or extrahepatic macroscopic congenital portosystemic shunts, and liver histopathology demonstrating portal hypoperfusion in the absence of hepatic inflammation or nodular regeneration. Due to a perceived poor prognosis, many patients with this condition are euthanized; however, those that are spared can be medically managed, in some cases for years. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a patient with primary hypoplasia of the portal vein and secondary portal hypertension that presented with the severe but typical clinical manifestations of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, normal liver enzyme concentrations, and normal serum bile acid concentrations.
Successful Surgical Correction of a Mesenteric Volvulus with Concurrent Foreign Body Obstruction in Two Puppies
Authors: Jones Susan , Friedenberg Steven G. , Callard Jason , Abernathy Leslie , Guillaumin Julien
Published: September 2017

A 9 mo old female intact English mastiff (case 1) presented for anorexia and vomiting for 7 days. A 7 mo old male castrated American bulldog (case 2) presented for vomiting and anorexia for 2 days without diarrhea. Both dogs were diagnosed with mesenteric volvulus based on exploratory laparotomy, which also revealed an intestinal foreign body obstruction. Case 1 required critical care support during recovery but was ultimately discharged, whereas case 2 had an uncomplicated recovery. Both were reported to be back to normal 1 wk after surgery. Case 1 survived 3 mo and then died due to a colonic torsion diagnosed by exploratory laparotomy. Case 2 has been reported to be completely normal more than 18 mo after surgery. These two cases illustrate that mesenteric volvulus can be present with a several-day history of gastrointestinal signs and that shock may be absent on presentation. This is also the first published report of mesenteric volvulus with a concurrent foreign body obstruction.
Inconstitucionalidade superveniente: usos, desusos e mutações
Authors: De Laurentiis Lucas Catib
Published: September 2017

O texto aborda a noção e as características do vício de inconstitucionalidade sob a ótica do problema da inconstitucionalidade superveniente. Assim, em um primeiro momento da exposição, são abordados os conceitos e as diferentes visões relacionadas a esse problema, para em uma segunda passagem ser apresentada uma visão crítica acerca de tais posicionamentos. Posteriormente, são tematizados os problemas técnicos desse tema para, enfim, serem apresentadas novas perspectivas e usos da noção analisada. O método de análise empregado no texto é o analítico-dedutivo, no qual busco apresentar as características dogmáticas e as possíveis aplicações dos conceitos analisados. Por fim, o objetivo do texto é contribuir para dirimir dúvidas e solucionar problemas antigos do tema em questão, assim como contribuir para a construção de uma nova perspectiva a esse respeito.
O STF e o ensino religioso em escolas públicas: pluralismo educacional, laicidade estatal e autonomia individual
Authors: Alves Lourenço Cristina Sílvia , Sullivan Balhe Guedes Maurício
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo estuda o problema proposto no âmbito da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade nº 4439, de autoria da Procuradoria Geral da República. Versa a demanda a respeito do polêmico acordo entre o Estado brasileiro e a Santa Sé, que consiste na expressão categórica pela via do Decreto Legislativo que o ensino religioso católico constitui disciplina regular de matrícula facultativa no ensino fundamental das escolas públicas. O parquet argumenta que tal situação vai de encontro ao ditame constitucional da laicidade estatal e aponta descompasso frente a configuração plural do direito à educação constitucionalmente delineada. Após considerações doutrinárias, foi possível concluir que a laicidade aparece como limite à interferência estatal no âmbito da intimidade-autonomia da pessoa, daí a necessidade de um ensino religioso não-confessional. Na ausência de um plano pedagógico que comporte um ensino plural, não há o que falar na possibilidade de oferta da disciplina.
Obamacare e a linguagem dos "direitos dos estados": federalismo não cooperativo ou constitucionalismo "dinossauro"
Authors: Oakes Anne Richardson , Di-Gioia Ilaria
Published: September 2017

A oposição legislativa dos estados às reformas do sistema de saúde do Presidente Obama nos convida para uma atenção renovada sobre a dinâmica da partição de Poder e sobre a distribuição da soberania na Constituição Federal dos Estados Unidos. Entre 2010 e o início de 2016, 22 legislaturas de estados promulgaram leis e medidas desafiando ou excluindo-se das amplas reformas de saúde relacionadas com as disposições obrigatórias da Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Lei de Proteção ao Paciente e Cuidados Acessíveis - PPACA). Alguns acadêmicos têm visto esses projetos de lei como uma ressurgência da ‘doctrine of nullification’, desacreditada em razão de conexões históricas, especificamente com aquelas da secessão, Jim Crow e Resistência Massiva. Outros têm uma visão mais matizada e argumentam que as chamadas “Leis de Liberdade aos Cuidados de Saúde” foram pragmaticamente concebidas para desencadear desafios à PPACA que podem funcionar dentro da estrutura contemporânea da ortodoxia constitucional. O presente artigo analisa a linguagem das Leis de Liberdade aos Cuidados de Saúde e as compara com as resoluções da Resistência Massiva para inquirir se os estados assimilaram, a partir das lições do passado, o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais bem sucedidas para desafiar o escopo indesejado da lei e regulamentação federal.
A Comparison Study of Copula Models for European Financial Index Returns
Authors: Tofoli Paula V. , Ziegelmann Flavio A. , Candido Osvaldo
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to modeling dependence between international financial returns over time, combining time-varying copulas and the Markov switching model. We apply these copula models and also those proposed by Patton (2006), Jondeau and Rockinger (2006) and Silva Filho, Ziegelmann, and Dueker (2012) to the return data of the FTSE-100, CAC-40 and DAX indexes. We are particularly interested in comparing these methodologies in terms of the resulting dynamics of dependence and the models’ abilities to forecast possible capital losses. Because risks related to extreme events are important for risk management, we compare and select the models based on VaR forecasts. Interestingly, all the models identify a long period of high dependence between the returns beginning in 2007, when the subprime crisis was evolving. Surprisingly, the elliptical copulas perform best in forecasting the extreme quantiles of the portfolios returns.
Capital and Firm Specific Characteristics: An Examination of the Survival of Deposit-Taking Financial Institutions (DFI) in Latin America and the Caribbean during the Financial Crisis
Authors: Logan Twila Mae , Gooden Doreen J.
Published: September 2017

This paper aims to assess how capital influences the likelihood of survival of Latin American and Caribbean financial institutions during normal economic times, and the 2008 financial crisis. These financial institutions operate in developing economies that are vulnerable to externals shocks, characterized by large foreign institutions, small indigenous institutions, and high dependence on bank financing due to underdeveloped capital markets. The study uses logistic regressions to estimate the likelihood of survival for three non-overlapping periods – pre, post, and during the 2008 recession. Bankscope provided both financial and firm characteristics (ownership and organizational structures) data. Separate analyses were done based on the size of the institutions. The paper provides empirical indicating that different factors influence the survival of large and small institutions. Higher capital ratios increase the likelihood of survival during the post-recession period especially for smaller institutions. In general, smaller indigenous institutions were less likely to survive. Bank regulators in the regions can use the results of this study to increase their understanding of the factors that influence the failure of financial institutions during different economic periods. This knowledge can be used to implement modifications in how existing regulations are applied to different types of financial institutions. This paper identifies the role of capital, ownership and institutional structures, and size in assessing the likelihood of survival during periods of varying economic activities in developing economies. The paper also highlights similarities and differences with studies conducted in developed economies.
Land Tax, Justice, and the Unaffordability of Housing: Australian Experience
Authors: Pandya Viral U. , Tippett John
Published: September 2017

Taxation and tax ‘reform’ particularly, appears to be a perennial topic, in the major economies of the western world at least. Recently, in Australia there was the “Henry Review” of 2010 – a major review of Australia’s tax system including substantial recommendations for tax reform; and observation shows that both sides of politics in Australia spent most of 2016 and part of 2015 talking about tax ‘reform’. A key aspect of the Henry Review (2010) is the strong recommendation for a land tax.Advocacy for land tax has a long and powerful history. Prominent economists lauding the land tax include David Ricardo, Adam Smith, Henry George, Milton Friedman, and Mason Gaffney. The Henry George land tax has been recommended for a very long time, the latest mainstream recommendation for its implementation coming via the above-mentioned Henry Review of Taxation in Australia (2010).The purpose of this paper is to address the question: is there something special about the natural resource, land, that makes it the subject of so many recommendations for a tax? That is to say, is there anything special about the tax base in the case of a land tax?This paper argues that the land tax is not just another tax – for the reason that the nature of the base of the tax – land – is special. Further, because a land tax would lower the price of land, implementation of a land tax would help solve the housing crisis (the unaffordability of housing). The research findings are different from previous studies because previous studies all focus on the efficiency aspect of taxes, not on any special nature of the tax base.
Concepciones reformistas en torno a las funciones de la educación primaria rural Argentina (1930-1960)
Authors: Ascolani Adrián
Published: September 2017

La educacin primaria rural en la Argentina ha tenido diversas funciones: alfabetizar e inculcar valores para socializacin de la infancia, preparar al alumno para su integracin en el medio productivo, y ocuparse de sus necesidades bsicas de subsistencia. En este artculo se analizan las concepciones sobre la transformacin de la educacin rural difundidas por diversos funcionarios tcnicos y docentes con proyeccin intelectual. La hiptesis central es que existieron diversas propuestas de cambio educativo, que combinaban estrategias e instrumentos de la renovacin pedaggica con fundamentos espiritualistas y objetivos utilitarios. Se concluye que la educacin rural fue un mbito donde se manifestaron una diversidad de discursos y prcticas cuyo conocimiento enriquece la comprensin del fenmeno de renovacin educacional desarrollada desde la crisis de 1930 hasta finales de los aos 50.
Morte e Vida Severina: palavras e imagens entrelaçadas
Authors: Quarantani Ana Paula , Lopes-Rossi Maria Aparecida Garcia
Published: September 2017

O tema deste artigo a leitura literria na escola como experincia individual, social e histrica, em dilogo com a fotografia. Especificamente, relata-se um projeto com 54 alunos do 9 ano de uma escola pblica da cidade de So Paulo, cujo objetivo foi promover a leitura do livro Morte e Vida Severina, de Joo Cabral de Melo Neto, em dilogo com imagens do fotgrafo Sebastio Salgado e com fotos produzidas pelos alunos. O trabalho fundamentou-se em perspectivas atuais sobre didtica da literatura e no conceito bakhtiniano de dialogismo e da verbo-visualidade, desenvolvendo-se em duas etapas: primeiramente, leitura da obra em dilogo com fotografias feitas por Sebastio Salgado e, em seguida, produo pelos alunos de 60 fotos de vida Severina observada no bairro. Como resultado, destacam-se a efetiva participao dos alunos e a articulao da leitura com a vida, a histria de parte dos brasileiros e o contexto scio-histrico atual.
Novos caminhos para novos leitores: breve panorama da literatura contemporânea brasileira para crianças pequenas
Authors: Navas Diana
Published: September 2017

O presente estudo tem por objetivo traar um breve panorama da produo contempornea brasileira destinada preferencialmente s crianas pr-leitoras. Almeja-se investigar quais as especificidades das obras endereadas aos leitores no incio do seu processo de formao, bem como apresentar alguns dos mais significativos autores e livros da atual literatura infantil brasileira. Discute-se, ainda, a importncia do papel do mediador no processo de encontro dos pequenos leitores com os livros literrios, encontro esse decisivo no processo de formao do pequeno leitor. As discusses empreendidas neste estudo fundamentam-se nas reflexes de Colomer (2002), Reyes (2010) e Zilberman (2003), e apontam para uma literatura marcada pela pluralidade e qualidade esttica, que muito tem a contribuir com a formao da criana.
Letramento literário e ensino de literatura no ensino médio
Authors: Silva Maurício Pedro da , Moreira Pereira Márcia Maurício
Published: September 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo expor algumas das principais teorias acerca do conceito de letramento na atualidade, discutindo em especial o conceito de letramento literrio. Partindo da definio do termo letramento e de sua histria, o artigo procura discutir seus possveis usos prticos no processo de escolarizao, entre outras coisas, na comparao com o conceito de alfabetizao. Um de seus aspectos mais relevantes a apresentao do letramento sob a perspectiva da multiplicidade de suportes discursivos.
Koncepcje zarządzania jakością w służbie zdrowia
Authors: Kanownik Greta
Published: September 2017

W artykule podjęto istotny problem dotyczący możliwości wykorzystania współczesnych koncepcji zarządzania jakością stosowanych w komercyjnych przedsiębiorstwach (produkcyjnych i usługowych) dla stymulowania wyższej jakości świadczenia usług zdrowotnych w placówkach medycznych. W nauce występuje wiele koncepcji zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem, wspomagających osiągnięcie efektywności i konkurencyjności, które mogą być także z powodzeniem wykorzystane w szpitalach. Jednak za najbardziej skuteczne narzędzia zarządcze o charakterze projakościowym uważane są metody kompleksowe lub zintegrowane, jak np. bardzo obecnie popularny Zintegrowany System Zarządzania Jakością. W artykule przedstawione zostało wykorzystanie współczesnych koncepcji zarządzania jakością w szpitalach na świecie i w Polsce.
Tourism in Creative Economy
Authors: Dziedzic Ewa , Kaczmarek Jacek
Published: September 2017

Purpose. Identifying the role of creativity and the creative economy potential as factors in tourism enterprise competitiveness. It covers the following issues: the essence of creativity, the concept of creative economy and its properties, rthe elationship between creative economy and tourism, the foundations of creativity in tourism and conclusions showing the relation between creativity and competitiveness.

Method. The research method was limited to desk research and comprised a review of literature covering theoretical publications, reports and case studies in the area of competitiveness, tourism and creative economy.

Findings. The study introduces the original concepts of the authors which cover the issue of creativity in tourism economy and its impact on market competitiveness of enterprises and destinations as well as economic development.

Research and conclusion limitations. The ideas and approaches presented in the study reflect the authors’ opinions. Therefore, the selection of used references, their interpretation and conclusions are to some extent subjective and may be questioned.

Practical implications. The concepts and conclusions presented in this study may be a source of inspiration for those responsible for strategic management in enterprises and for local development.

Type of paper. This is a review and conceptual study.
Measurements for Tourist Space Development
Authors: Butowski Leszek , Włodarczyk Bogdan
Published: September 2017

Purpose. Disseminating knowledge on tourist space as a subject of study (ontological aspect) and methods for researching (describing and measuring) it, including paradigms and applied research approaches (epistemological aspect). Research hypothesis: the measure of tourism (tourist space) development is the achievement, within a given area, a state of long-term sustainability, defined as the situation in which the (widely understood) benefits outweigh (widely understood) costs of tourism development incurred by all (direct and indirect) groups of stakeholders. Method. The first part of the paper provides an overview. On the basis of the existing definitions and ways of understanding or delimiting tourist space, different measures (including measures of tourist space development) were distinguished and classified. In the second part of the paper, the results of a pilot research project investigating the state of sustainability of tourist space (tourism) in the town of Jastarnia were presented (case study). The research project was carried out using an innovative research method based on a model of sustainable tourism. This was a qualitative project and the obtained results have been quantified. Findings. The current state of tourism (tourist space) in Jastarnia was found to meet the criteria of sustainability, although certain sub-groups of respondents reported lack of sustainability in the component of costs. Research and conclusion limitations. The results of the empirical research reflect the current state (2015). The research project was carried out on a determined sample (it is not representative). Practical implications. The proposed method can be used for assessing the state of tourism at any destination. The obtained results can serve as a guide in the decision making process regarding the directions of tourism development. Originality. An innovative empirical research method has been applied. Type of paper. The first part of the paper provides an overview. The second part contains results of an empirical research project.
ALTERAÇÕES NUTRICIONAIS ASSOCIADAS AO TRATAMENTO QUIMIOTERÁPICO EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER
Authors: Marchiori Maísa Cristina , Genaro Sandra Cristina
Published: September 2017

Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have side effects that alter feeding and absorption of nutrients, compromising the nutritional status, causing discontinuation of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of chemotherapy on nutritional status of cancer patients. The methodologies consisted of non-standardizedquestionnaire, assessment of body mass index (BMI) and search of information on the patient's record. For data distribution analysis was used Kolmogorov Smirnov, correlation analysis was applied to Spearman's test with 5% significance level. The types of cancer that showed greater weight loss were laryngeal tumors, stomach, leukemia, intestine, lung and breast, respectively. Side effects that were associated with changes in nutritional status were change in appetite, dysphasia and enteritis. The conclusion is that weight loss is a frequent change in these patients, contributing to a poor prognosis and decreased quality of life
Avaliação da fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial
Authors: Zimmermann Josiane Caroline , Beuter Margrid , Bruinsma Jamile Lais , Casarolli Ana Cristina Geiss , Jacobi Caren da Silva , Venturini Larissa
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: caracterizar e verificar a fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial em um Hospital Universitário da região Sul do Brasil e, identificar a associação entre a fragilidade e as variáveis: efeito quimioterápico, tempo de tratamento e doenças autorreferidas. Método: estudo transversal desenvolvido com 70 idosos em um ambulatório de quimioterapia, de agosto a setembro de 2014, por meio da Edmonton Frail Scale e do formulário de caracterização. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 21. Resultados: houve predomínio de idosos do sexo masculino (61,4%), casados (62,8%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (71,4%), com renda mensal de até dois salários mínimos (82,8%) e a metade não apresentava fragilidade (50%). Conclusão: as variáveis analisadas não apresentaram significância, portanto não representam um fator de risco para a fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico.
Paulo Freire, a boniteza de ensinar e aprender saúde
Authors: Teixeira Elizabeth , Ferreira Darlisom Sousa , Medeiros Horácio Pires
Published: September 2017

A ideia do livro surgiu de um trabalho reflexivo de um grupo de profissionais de saúde no âmbito de uma disciplina do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da UFSC. Conta com 19 autores (17 enfermeiras (os), 1 fonoaudióloga, 1 naturóloga). O livro contém 10 capítulos. O prefácio foi escrito pela Dr.ª Maria Elisabeth Kleba, que destaca: a coletânea reúne escritos reflexivos encharcados de amorosidade pedagógica.
Olhares de enfermeiras gestoras da Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre uma política de saúde equitativa
Authors: Bandurka Jessica , Medeiros Roseana Maria , Bergamo Bárbara
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: analisar os olhares de enfermeiras gestoras sobre a implantação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) em um município da região norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo-exploratória que contou com a participação de 13 enfermeiras gestoras atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), cujos dados foram coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados pelo método de análise de discurso, entre agosto de 2015 e fevereiro de 2017. Resultados: somente uma informante conhece a PNSIPN na íntegra, três lidam com especificidades dos grupos minoritários e todas afirmam que a política não está implantada na APS do município. Considerações Finais: diante de achados destoantes com o que é preconizado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em relação à PNSIPN, denota-se a necessidade de incorporar a temática no município investigado, a fim de promover equidade racial em saúde.
Assistência da equipe de enfermagem ao paciente em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica
Authors: Bonetti Alysson Emanuel de Barros , Girardello Debora Tatiane Feiber , Coneglian Ariady Lucia Andrade , Egevardt Danieli , Batista Josemar , Cruz Elaine Drehmer de Almeida
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: descrever os cuidados de enfermagem e os fatores que influenciam a assistência segura ao paciente em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica. Método: estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 14 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica de hospital privado do Paraná. A coleta de dados ocorreu em agosto de 2015 com aplicação de questionário semiestruturado. Os relatos foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: da análise emergiram duas categorias: cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente em recuperação pós-anestésica; e dificuldades encontradas e fatores de melhoria para o cuidado de enfermagem em sala de recuperação pós-anestésica. Entre os principais cuidados de enfermagem destacaram-se a monitorização clínica e hemodinâmica. Comunicação, recursos humanos e materiais são apontados como fatores limitantes ao cuidado seguro. Considerações finais: os profissionais percebem que são necessários cuidados rotineiros no contributo à segurança do paciente e identificam fatores de melhoria e promoção do cuidado.
La cosmovision maya et le patriarcat : une interprétation critique1
Authors: Cumes Aura
Published: September 2017

Dans cet article, l’auteure cherche à répondre aux questions suivantes : Le patriarcat a-t-il toujours été un système universel de domination? Les sociétés dites « non occidentales » sont-elles aussi des sociétés patriarcales? Que dit la pensée maya ancienne (la cosmovision maya) à propos des relations hommes-femmes? Quelles sont les relations de pouvoir qui mènent au patriarcat? Pour répondre, l’auteure centre d’abord son analyse sur un texte ancien nommé « Popol Wuj » en langue K’iche’, ce qui se traduit généralement par « Livre du conseil ». Ensuite, elle analyse sommairement la construction des structures relationnelles entre les femmes et les hommes mayas dans un contexte de colonisation. Analyser le Popol Wuj est un projet ambitieux qui demande beaucoup de temps. Pour cette raison, l’auteure ne cherche pas à parler de ce texte en lui-même, mais plutôt à faire un exercice d’interprétation sur ce qu’il dit à propos des relations entre les hommes et les femmes, entre le féminin et le masculin, afin de le mettre en rapport avec l’histoire subséquente qui débute par la colonisation.
Le territoire comme lieu privilégié de transmission des savoirs et des valeurs des femmes Atikamekw1, 2
Authors: Basile Suzy , Asselin Hugo , Martin Thibault
Published: September 2017

L’analyse thématique de 32 entrevues réalisées avec des femmes Atikamekw révèle qu’elles connaissent le mode de vie de leurs ancêtres et le rôle que les femmes y jouaient, que ce rôle était prédominant et essentiel dans l’organisation spatiale des activités traditionnelles sur le territoire, que les accouchements sont des marqueurs spatiotemporels, que la désignation du lieu d’origine a changé à la suite des bouleversements sociaux et territoriaux, que la désignation des personnes par le nom traditionnel est toujours en usage, que les femmes Atikamekw étaient responsables de l’éducation. L’obligation d’envoyer les enfants dans les pensionnats de 1955 à 1972 a provoqué une cassure dans la transmission des savoirs sur le territoire et les différentes formes de colonisation ont érodé peu à peu l’influence des femmes.
Les miss et les reines de carnaval autochtones au Québec : défier les modèles et les normes
Authors: Bousquet Marie-Pierre , Morissette Anny , Hamel-Charest Laurence
Published: September 2017

Les élections pour couronner des femmes symbolisant leur groupe social existent depuis les années 60 chez les peuples amérindiens du Québec. De nos jours, deux sortes de concours existent : ceux de miss et ceux de reines de carnaval, chacun valorisant différents types d’idéaux féminins. Les auteures émettent l’hypothèse que ces spectacles sociaux véhiculent des modèles complémentaires ou contradictoires qui montrent combien être une Amérindienne peut se révéler complexe. Entre la défense du territoire et la trousse à maquillage, les concours mettent en jeu des codes et des normes qui s’entrechoquent et théâtralisent d’apparentes antinomies.
Des récits de réfugiées palestiniennes à travers la grille de l’intersectionnalité
Authors: Caron Roxane , Damant Dominique , Flynn Catherine
Published: September 2017

Cet article s’inscrit dans une lignée de travaux féministes qui cherchent à rendre leur juste place aux « voix silencieuses », dont celles des Palestiniennes. S’appuyant sur une étude qualitative consacrée à l’exil de réfugiées palestiniennes, les trois auteures tracent le portrait des expériences de ces femmes, expériences qui se déclinent en quatre périodes : lanakba, lathawra, les guerres et l’après-guerre. Au fil des témoignages, les auteures constatent que les expériences en question sont structurées par le genre et le temps, mais que les femmes ne sont ni victimes totalement ni héroïnes en tout temps.
Les courbes de son monde : mobilités d’une commerçante angolaise dans la périphérie globale
Authors: Barreau-Tran Léa
Published: September 2017

Cet article porte sur les expériences professionnelles de voyage des commerçantes à la valise angolaises nommées « moambeiras ». En Angola, la féminisation de ce commerce s’est intensifiée avec la fin de la guerre en 2002 et l’ouverture des relations internationales avec des partenaires comme le Brésil et la Chine. Les voyages d’affaires de ces femmes chamboulent les rôles de genre et la répartition des pouvoirs dans la famille. Interrogeant les processus émancipatoires en jeu dans ces pratiques, l’auteure examine la façon dont la circulation commerciale permet aux femmes de prendre conscience des rapports de pouvoir qui les marginalisent et de développer leur capacité à les transformer. À l’heure de l’accélération de la globalisation des échanges entre pays du Sud, l’auteure a pour ambition de donner une vision intimiste et féministe de la mobilité en suivant le récit de la mobilité d’une femme en s’appuyant sur une carte du monde.
Enseigner et prêcher au Sénégal : l’appropriation du savoir religieux par les femmes
Authors: Séne Mame Fatou
Published: September 2017

Alors que le domaine public religieux est quasiment monopolisé par les hommes, l’émergence d’une élite féminine de plus en plus visible remet en question cette configuration. L’accès au savoir religieux devient pour les enseignantes et prédicatrices au Sénégal la clé pour accéder à un domaine qui leur a longtemps été fermé. Elles adoptent des discours et des stratégies sur le plan individuel et collectif afin de se maintenir dans la sphère publique, tout en revendiquant leur adhésion à l’ordre social où elles restent la figure centrale de la vie familiale privée.
The evolutionary history of plant T2/S-type ribonucleases
Authors: Ramanauskas Karolis , Igić Boris
Published: September 2017

A growing number of T2/S-RNases are being discovered in plant genomes. Members of this protein family have a variety of known functions, but the vast majority are still uncharacterized. We present data and analyses of phylogenetic relationships among T2/S-RNases, and pay special attention to the group that contains the female component of the most widespread system of self-incompatibility in flowering plants. The returned emphasis on the initially identified component of this mechanism yields important conjectures about its evolutionary context. First, we find that the clade involved in self-rejection (class III) is found exclusively in core eudicots, while the remaining clades contain members from other vascular plants. Second, certain features, such as intron patterns, isoelectric point, and conserved amino acid regions, help differentiate S-RNases, which are necessary for expression of self-incompatibility, from other T2/S-RNase family members. Third, we devise and present a set of approaches to clarify new S-RNase candidates from existing genome assemblies. We use genomic features to identify putative functional and relictual S-loci in genomes of plants with unknown mechanisms of self-incompatibility. The widespread occurrence of possible relicts suggests that the loss of functional self-incompatibility may leave traces long after the fact, and that this manner of molecular fossil-like data could be an important source of information about the history and distribution of both RNase-based and other mechanisms of self-incompatibility. Finally, we release a public resource intended to aid the search for S-locus RNases, and help provide increasingly detailed information about their taxonomic distribution.
Estimation of Melt Pond Fractions on First Year Sea Ice Using Compact Polarization SAR
Authors: Li Haiyan , Perrie William , Li Qun , Hou Yijun
Published: September 2017

Melt ponds are a common feature on Arctic sea ice. They are linked to the sea ice surface albedo and transmittance of energy to the ocean from the atmosphere and thus constitute an important process to parameterize in Arctic climate models and simulations. This paper presents a first attempt to retrieve the melt pond fraction from hybrid‐polarized compact polarization (CP) SAR imagery, which has wider swath and shorter revisit time than the quad‐polarization systems, e.g., from RADARSAT‐2 (RS‐2). The co‐polarization (co‐pol) ratio has been verified to provide estimates of melt pond fractions. However, it is a challenge to link CP parameters and the co‐pol ratio. The theoretical possibility is presented, for making this linkage with the CP parameter C22/C11 (the ratio between the elements of the coherence matrix of CP SAR) for melt pond detection and monitoring with the tilted‐Bragg scattering model for the ocean surface. The empirical transformed formulation, denoted as the “compact polarization and quad‐pol” (“CPQP”) model, is proposed, based on 2062 RS‐2 quad‐pol SAR images, collocated with in situ measurements. We compared the retrieved melt pond fraction with CP parameters simulated from quad‐pol SAR data with results retrieved from the co‐pol ratio from quad‐pol SAR observations acquired during the Arctic‐Ice (Arctic‐Ice Covered Ecosystem in a Rapidly Changing Environment) field project. The results are shown to be comparable for observed melt pond measurements in spatial and temporal distributions. Thus, the utility of CP mode SAR for melt pond fraction estimation on first year level ice is presented.
Evaluating a Space‐Based Indicator of Surface Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Sensitivity Over Midlatitude Source Regions and Application to Decadal Trends
Authors: Jin Xiaomeng , Fiore Arlene M. , Murray Lee T. , Valin Lukas C. , Lamsal Lok N. , Duncan Bryan , Folkert Boersma K. , De Smedt Isabelle , Abad Gonzalo Gonzalez , Chance Kelly , Tonnesen Gail S.
Published: September 2017

Determining effective strategies for mitigating surface ozone (O3) pollution requires knowledge of the relative ambient concentrations of its precursors, NOx, and VOCs. The space‐based tropospheric column ratio of formaldehyde to NO2 (FNR) has been used as an indicator to identify NOx‐limited versus NOx‐saturated O3 formation regimes. Quantitative use of this indicator ratio is subject to three major uncertainties: (1) the split between NOx‐limited and NOx‐saturated conditions may shift in space and time, (2) the ratio of the vertically integrated column may not represent the near‐surface environment, and (3) satellite products contain errors. We use the GEOS‐Chem global chemical transport model to evaluate the quantitative utility of FNR observed from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument over three northern midlatitude source regions. We find that FNR in the model surface layer is a robust predictor of the simulated near‐surface O3 production regime. Extending this surface‐based predictor to a column‐based FNR requires accounting for differences in the HCHO and NO2 vertical profiles. We compare four combinations of two OMI HCHO and NO2 retrievals with modeled FNR. The spatial and temporal correlations between the modeled and satellite‐derived FNR vary with the choice of NO2 product, while the mean offset depends on the choice of HCHO product. Space‐based FNR indicates that the spring transition to NOx‐limited regimes has shifted at least a month earlier over major cities (e.g., New York, London, and Seoul) between 2005 and 2015. This increase in NOx sensitivity implies that NOx emission controls will improve O3 air quality more now than it would have a decade ago.