bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV-Specific CAR T Cells with CD28 or 4-1BB Signaling Domains Are Phenotypically and Functionally Distinct and Effective at Suppressing HIV and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Cartwright Emily K , Pampusch Mary S , Rendahl Aaron K , Berger Edward A , Coleman-Fuller Natalie , Skinner Pamela J
Published: October 2022

Despite mounting a robust antiviral CD8 T cell response to HIV infection, most infected individuals are unable to control HIV viral load without antiretroviral therapy (ART). Chimeric Ag receptor (CAR) T cell treatment is under intensive investigation as an alternative therapy for ART-free remission of chronic HIV infection. However, achieving durable remission of HIV will require a successful balance between CAR T cell effector function and persistence. CAR T cells with CD28 costimulatory domains have robust effector function but limited persistence in vivo, whereas CAR T cells with 4-1BB costimulatory domains present a more undifferentiated phenotype and greater in vivo persistence. We compared the in vitro phenotype and function of rhesus macaque and human CAR T cells that contained either the CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory domain; both constructs also included CARs that are bispecific for gp120 of HIV or SIV and the CXCR5 moiety to promote in vivo homing of CAR/CXCR5 T cells to B cell follicles. Cells were transduced using a gammaretroviral vector and evaluated using flow cytometry. 4-1BB-CAR/CXCR5 T cells were phenotypically distinct from CD28-CAR/CXCR5 T cells and showed increased expression of CAR and CD95. Importantly, both CD28- and 4-1BB-CAR/CXCR5 T cells retained equal capacity to recognize and suppress SIV in vitro. These studies provide new insights into rhesus macaque and human 4-1BB- and CD28-bearing CAR T cells.
Investigation of the effect of N-acetylcysteine on aluminum phosphide toxicity in rats
Authors: Parvizrad Ramin , Marghamlki Elahe Ghorbani , Nikfar Somayeh , Dermani Sara Khalili
Published: October 2022

Aluminum Phosphide (ALP) is one of the most dangerous pesticides. When it comes into contact with water, it emits Phosphine (PH3) gas, which causes poisoning and death in many people. The purpose of this study is to look into the role of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of aluminum phosphide toxicity in rats. In this study, 30 male Wistar rats were fed with aluminum phosphide orally. After 15 minutes, N-acetylcysteine was administered intraperitoneally. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-Transferase (GST), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK) were studied in blood plasma. CAT, GST, and GSH concentrations in plasma, liver, and kidneys of rats infected with aluminum phosphide decreased, while AST, ALT, and ALK concentrations increased. The levels of all enzymes studied approached normal after N-acetylcysteine administration, and the rats survived for up to 12-15 hours. According to the findings of this study, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) at a dose of 10 mg/kg improves hepatic manifestations and prevents liver necrosis, so it can be considered a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of this poisoning.
Ophthalmic artery occlusion in a patient with sickle cell trait and hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Sahu Vijaya , Kashyap Himanshu
Published: October 2022

Ophthalmic artery occlusion is a rare, blinding condition seen in patients with disorders like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoagulable state. We report a unique case of ophthalmic artery occlusion in a patient with sickle cell trait and hyperhomocysteinemia. A 23-year-old male presented with a complaint of loss of vision in the right eye for the last two days. There is a history of right-sided hemiparesis due to a thromboembolic event. He is a carrier of sickle cell trait. Fundus showed a pale disc, attenuated artery and vein. OCT revealed foveal thinning and thick posterior hyaloid. ERG showed an extinguished scotopic and photopic response.
Superior rectus recession combined with lateral rectus recession and Y-split surgery for exotropia with large comitant innervational hypertropia in a case of type III Duane retraction syndrome
Authors: Baldev Vibha , Ganesh Suma
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to report a case of hypertropia with severe globe retraction and innervational upshoot present in type III Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and its management. We report a case of a 24-year-old male with type III DRS with large hypertropia and exotropia, 90° upshoot (grade 4) on attempted adduction, globe retraction on adduction and depression and significant face turn. MRI brain and orbit revealed absence of right abducens nerve with relative low position of horizontal rectus muscles, representing the bridle effect, with normal inferior rectus and superior rectus. The case was managed by performing right eye lateral rectus recession with Y-split for the severe upshoot and superior rectus recession for the hypertropia. Recession of the superior rectus muscle along with lateral rectus recession with Y-split is a safe and effective treatment of type III DRS cases with hypertropia and exotropia.
Severe bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis in a patient with psoriasis-associated sacroiliitis – A case report
Authors: Kanakamedla Ashok , Kumar Madhu , Shrivastava Om , Sriram Simakurthy , Gudimetla Jayamadhury
Published: October 2022

Bilateral (B/L) simultaneous severe loss of vision and a lack of pain are indicative of an inflammatory optic neuropathy, which has been reported mostly in the systemic auto-immune disorders and defines as 'atypical' optic neuritis. The cause of inflammation in atypical optic neuritis can be an immune-related or infection or vitamin B12 deficiency. Here in this article, we report a 31-year-old male with a known case of psoriasis presented to us with complaints of sudden severe bilateral vision loss diagnosed as bilateral atypical optic neuritis because of psoriasis. This study emphasizes to recognize and monitor patients with auto-immune disorders such as psoriasis for possible development of atypical optic neuritis.
Modified Nishida procedure for hypertropia following traumatic laceration of the inferior rectus
Authors: Sahu Anupam , Agrawal Deepshikha
Published: October 2022

Isolated inferior rectus transection is a rare outcome of ocular trauma, leading to hypertropia and debilitating diplopia in primary and reading positions. The modified Nishida procedure is an easy-to-perform, minimally traumatizing, reversible, ciliary vessel sparing muscle transposition procedure that is ideal for post-traumatic scenarios. We report our experience with the modified Nishida procedure in a case of a lost inferior rectus after traumatic laceration.
Epiretinal neovascularization with vitreomacular traction in a case of proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular telangiectasia type 2
Authors: Chaitanya Vivek , Mishra Divyansh , Shanmugam Mahesh P , Ramanjulu Rajesh , Lahoti Keshav
Published: October 2022

A 58-year-old female presented with macular telangiectasia (MacTel) type 2 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and also showed vitreomacular traction (VMT) with epiretinal neovascularization (ERN) in both the eyes. Post-vitrectomy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection in the right eye, there was complete resolution of previously noted ERN, probably due to release of VMT, making this a compelling case of traction as one of the pathophysiology of ERN in MacTel type 2 in our case.
A case of bilateral cystoid macular edema after rituximab infusion
Authors: Rouvas Alexandros , Bouratzis Nikolaos , Gouliopoulos Nikolaos
Published: October 2022

A 65-year-old man experienced sudden bilateral vision loss after rituximab infusion. Best corrected visual acuity was 1/10, and cystoid macular edema was identified. A bilateral rituximab-induced cystoid macular edema was diagnosed, and an intravitreal dexamethasone implant was applied. The exudative phenomena resolved, and the visual acuity rose to 8/10. Another rituximab infusion was followed by vision loss and recurrence of macular edema. A dexamethasone implant was reapplied, which showed great results. This is a rare case of rituximab-induced bilateral macular edema, which recurred after a second infusion. We also present an alternative treatment consisting of intravitreal dexamethasone implant.
Neovascular glaucoma in atypical central serous chorioretinopathy and pachychoroid disease
Authors: Rao Aparna , Padhy Srikanta Kumar
Published: October 2022

We report an atypical central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with pachychoroid disease and consequent recalcitrant neovascular glaucoma (NVG). A 45-year-old man with persistent subretinal fluid, pachychoroid and bilateral large areas of capillary nonperfusion exudative detachment, and CSCR presented with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) and neovascular glaucoma. Failure after trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C mandated the implantation of Ahmed glaucoma valve followed by two epiconjunctival MMC applications over the AGV plate/bleb in the hypertensive phase. He was also started on 25 mg oral eplerenone twice a day for the first month, followed by 25 mg once a day over the next two months, followed by intravitreal bevacizumab injection. The retinal neovascularization regressed along with normalization of IOP at over eight months follow-up.
Sugammadex-induced anaphylactic reaction: A systematic review
Authors: Zecic Fatih , Smart Mary H. , Abbey Taylor C. , Pazhempallil Alex , Korban Colin
Published: October 2022

Perioperative anaphylaxis is a rare, but life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction for patients undergoing surgical procedures. Sugammadex is a relatively new drug used to reverse the neuromuscular blockade of specific anesthetics in surgery. Several case reports indicate that there may be a risk of anaphylaxis associated with the use of sugammadex This review examines the literature in order to evaluate the strength of the association between sugammadex use and anaphylaxis. A query of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science was conducted using a combination of terms to identify relevant articles from inception until March 9, 2020. We included any primary study that identified sugammadex as a probable causative agent based on the World Allergy Organization diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis. A total of 24 articles were reviewed. Across the three randomized controlled trials, there were only four cases of anaphylaxis identified. Incidence of anaphylaxis was reported in only one trial at 0.33%. Two retrospective observational studies conducted in Japan identified cases of anaphylaxis, with incidences of 0.02 and 0.04%. Among 19 case reports and series, 25 patient cases of anaphylaxis were confirmed via allergy testing to be caused by sugammadex or sugammadex–rocuronium complex. Commonly reported symptoms included hypotension, erythema, and decreased oxygen saturation. Based on the findings of this review, there appears to be a rare, but serious, association of sugammadex-induced perioperative anaphylaxis with an incidence between 0.02 and 0.04% in observational studies. It is unclear whether sugammadex on its own or in complex with rocuronium triggers this reaction, but it is clearly involved in inducing anaphylaxis. Further population studies are needed to get a more accurate global incidence rate, and more detailed allergy testing is required to better describe which step of the sugammadex reversal pathway initiates the anaphylactic attack.
A study on the modern aestheticization of fashion-textile design: focusing on the modernity of Georg Simmel
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Chung Ha Jeong
Published: October 2022

Georg Simmel is a thinker who implied the phenomena and interrelationships of society, culture, and art at the center of human beings in the modern era of the 19th century when the monetary economy of capitalism was intensively revealed. Among his extensive discourses on modernity, 'Cultural Philosophy' and 'Sociological Aesthetics' focuses on the value of human essence, and his research provides fundamental concepts necessary for the study of human awareness as a designer in the contemporary digital-based industry. Through the design methods and processes universally developed in the fashion-textile design studio, the researcher's design thinking and behaviors are drawn from the perspective of Simmel's 'cultural philosophy' and 'sociological aesthetics', and based on this, the results of discussing the creative style and behavior that a designer should have for the modern aestheticization of fashion-textile design are as follows. First, according to the fashion market economy, research is carried out in consideration of the group to which the designer belongs. According to the purpose, direction, process, and role of the designer, design research is conducted by understanding the times and expanding historical knowledge. Second, empathize with the public through communication.By following the principle of autonomous competition in the capitalist market, designers understand and accept trends to express free creativity. Third, explore creative behaviors. The internal value of the industry is raised by combining the cultural and aesthetic needs that can survive in the autonomous competition of the expanded fashion industry.
How to Achieve Defence Cooperation in Europe?
Authors: Nemeth Bence
Published: October 2022

This timely analysis of security in Europe identifies the factors that enable and hinder the creation of networks of defence cooperation across the continent.
DEFINING FEEDER VESSEL'S EFFICIENT ROUTE DISTANCE TO MAKE THE SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENT AND REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL CATASTROPHE ACCORDING TO MARPOL AND LOCAL REGULATIONS
Authors: Majumdar Sunanda , Bappy Khalid Mahmud
Published: October 2022

Feeder vessels are the necessary part of the transport system that mother vessels can’t reach. In contrast, the frequent transmittable feeder vessels can affect the environment drastically and shift the factors of environmental catastrophe entirely. This shift can be stopped with reasonable restrictions in light of MARPOL and other regulations. Through data-driven strategy and state legislation, laws regarding the movement of the feeder vessels and other factors can be controlled and bought to a minimum. Proper strategy execution is also a major part of making an efficient route system and reducing the Hydrometeorological environmental catastrophe.
The Influences of Globalization on Nation States and Law
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Simonovic Branislav
Published: October 2022

This paper, primarily, discusses the concept of globalization. It shows general characteristics that make globalization a unique and omnipresent phenomenon. Furthermore, it investigates the influence of globalization on nation states, with particular emphasis on developing countries. Special attention was given to the question of the influence of the American legal system on European law within the process of globalization. The paper presents different stances of American authors concerning this subject. In addition, the paper presents different models of achieving globalization in the field of law. This paper demonstrates that globalization leads to reduced sovereignty of the state, legal deregulation, the weakening of states’ legal jurisdiction in the field of control of business operations and the inconsistencies in the implementation of human rights.
Without Fear or Favor’: Ensuring Independence and Accountability of Regional Judiciaries in a Globalized system
Authors:   Universidad CEU San Pablo, Tatham Allan F.
Published: October 2022

The dynamics associated with guaranteeing the judicial independence and accountability of judges sitting on the benches of national and international courts can be seen to be different in many aspects. The guarantee of these two concepts for judiciaries sitting on the courts of regional economic communities could be seen as forming a hybrid of the situation existing on national and international benches. With an increasing numbers of regional courts and the need to find ways of ensuring independence and accountability of their members, regional economic communities have adapted the judicial council model as one aspect of their commitment to these concepts. The present work contextualizes the adaptation of the model within three such regional communities: the Caribbean Community; the European Union; and the Economic Community of West African States. It argues that variations of the judicial council model are an important contribution to establishing some form of judicial independence for the regional bench while acknowledging that the political accountability of such bench tends to remain in the hands of the regional executive rather than of any regional parliamentary assembly.
Воздействие решений конституционного суда Боснии и Герцеговины
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Law, Simovic Miodrag N. , Simovic Milena ,   Independent University in Banja Luka, Faculty of Security and Protection
Published: October 2022

Европейская конвенция о защите прав человека и основных свобод предусматривает, что основная нагрузка по защите прав человека и основных свобод лежит на органах стран, подписавших конвенцию, в то время как Европейскому суду отведена лишь второстепенная роль. Таким образом, бремя нахождения точки зрения о содержательном толковании ценностей и идеалов Конвенции передано органам стран-подписантов договора. Тем не менее, подобное толкование должно быть в первую очередь согласовано с общим духом Конвенции, которая является инструментом, созданным для достижения и продвижения идеалов и ценностей демократического общества, и оно быть понятным и приемлемым как для стран-подписантов договора, так и для самого Европейского суда по правам человека. В данной работе анализируется наиболее современная практика Конституционного суда Боснии и Герцеговины, и влияние его юриспруденции на уравнивание практики судов в Боснии и Герцеговине, особенно путем т. н. эволюционного толкования содержания ценностей и принципов во внедрении стандартов Конвенции в области защиты прав и свобод человека. Из юрисдикций Конституционного Суда, утвержденных Конституцией Боснии и Герцеговины, следует, что этот суд обязан толковать и применять Европейскую конвенцию о защите прав человека и основных свобод вместе с дополнительными протоколами по всем переданным ему делам. Следовательно, речь идет о толковании и применении положений Конвенции и дополнительных протоколов в целом, а не только определенных положений статей, регулирующих осуществление и защиту индивидуальных прав человека и основных свобод.
ECJ: The Concept of the Place of Delivery of the Goodsʹ in Terms of Article 5(1) (b) of Brussels I Regulation /Car trim ccase)
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Petrovic Milena
Published: October 2022

The paper discusses the judgment C-381/08 of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) of 25 February 2010 on a reference for preliminary ruling made by the German Federal Court of Justice (BGH) in the case of the Car Trim. This reference for preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 5(1) (b) of Brussels I Regulation and, more specifically, concerns the issue of how to determine the place of delivery of the goods in the case of contracts involving carriage of goods. The question of BGH was whether in case of a sales contract involving carriage of goods, the place where the goods were delivered or should have been delivered is to be determined by reference to the place of physical transfer to the purchaser. ECJ came to the conclusion that in the case of a sale involving carriage of goods, the first indent of Article 5 (1) (b) of Brussels I Regulation must be interpreted as meaning that the place where, under the contract, the goods sold were delivered or should have been delivered must be determined on the basis of the provisions of that contract. Where it is impossible to determine the place of delivery on that basis, without reference to the substantive law applicable to the contract, that place is the place where the physical transfer of the goods took place, as a result of which the purchaser obtained, or should have obtained, actual power of disposal over those goods at the final destination of the sales transaction.
The Patentability and Related Protection of Inventions for Second Medical Indications
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Vlaškovic Bozin , Miladinovic Zoran
Published: October 2022

Nowadays purpose-related product protection is permitted for each second medical use inventions. In that manner the range of old dilemmas and inconsistencies relating to the format of German-type use claims and Swiss-type claims have been resolved. The introduction of purpose-related product protection resulted in the limitation of a physician’s activities. Therefore, in a number of countries the potential introduction of a solution, according to which physicians’ activities may be exempted from the effects of a patent under certain circumstances, is being analysed.
Mutual will as a specific form of mortis causa Disposition
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Đurđić Tamara
Published: October 2022

Transactions on the bases of inheritance involve the transmission of goods in case of death. Depending on the legal system, there are different instruments of mortis causa disposal: testament, contract of inheritance, contract on future succession, agreement on waving from future inheritance etc. German law recognizes a specific form of mortis causa bequests – the joint will that is by legal nature between standard testament and inheritance contract. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the specific features of this legal instrument that is not recognised in our legal system, and through a comparative analysis with other related institutes (classic testament, contract of inheritance) to point out its advantages and disadvantages, in the context of the current reform of the modern inheritance law.
MITRAIZAM NA PROSTORU JUŽNE SRBIJE – ISTORIJSKE OKOLNOSTI
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Philosophy, Trifković Dimitrije
Published: October 2022

The cult of Persian god Mithra, the Invincible Sun god, was the most significant and present cult in the Roman Empire. Epigraph and archeological evidence of worship of Mithra was recorded in all provinces of this huge Empire on three continents. Cult monuments were discovered in that way even on the territory of modern south Serbia, i.e. parts of the Roman provinces Upper Moesia and Thrace. This paper describes six such monuments: two votive altars with inscriptions from Osmakovo near Pirot and Ravna and four relief icons capturing tauroctonia from Ragodeš and Rasnica near Pirot, Ražanj near Aleksinac and Mramor near Niš. The aim of the paper is to emphasise certain historical circumstances of the growth of Mithraism in south Serbia taking the analyses of these monumetns into consideration. This region is seen as favorable for the spread of this eastern religion for numerous reasons. It is a rich mine region, the intersection of many imporant Roman roads on the Balkans and the main camp of some military units. All these circumstances resulted in the significant presence of the cult of Mithra. The period of the growth of Mithraism stretches from the middle of the 2nd century to the middle of the 3rd century, which is clearly confirmed by epighraph vows. The iconographic analysis of relief stones reveals that they belong to the Danube type and that Mithraism reaches south Serbia from lower Podunavlje through the Roman limes on the river. The lower frieze with side scenes from the Mithra cult legend points to the religious centres in Dacia as models in making the icons.
GAVRILO NIKOLIĆ - OD SRESKOG PISARA DO INDUSTRIJALCA
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Škodrić Ljubinka , Femić Bojana ,   The State Archives of Serbia
Published: October 2022

Life journey of Gavrilo Nikolić has been filled with miscellaneous ups and downs some of which were caused by the turbulent period he lived in, and some by his dynamic personality and personal drive and initiative. Childhood spent in poverty, not completed high school education in Belgrade, various jobs at government along with all the transfers, dismissals, complaints, and commendation were some of the milestones in his rich career. Despite all the difficulties, Gavrilo Nikolić managed to gain recognition in a political party that gathered the intellectual and social elite. He managed to gain recognition in the National Assembly as well, above all due to his strong advocacy in serving the interests of the constituents. Over the period of the First and the Second World War and despite all his efforts, he suffered misfortunes and losses both of the closest family members and his personal wealth. His wife Magdalena Nikolić was shot to death for taking active part in Toplica uprising. This brought her the reputation of being a courageous patriot who acted in a most humane way, which further motivated Nikolić acting as a member of the Survey Committee of the National Assembly to investigate circumstances that led to the uprising, as well as its course and consequences. His career as an entrepreneur was at its peak in between wars when he managed to establish himself as a capable and inventive explorer in the field of mining. He is the most responsible for mine Lece discovery and development. Nevertheless, social changes that happened after the Second World War led to the loss of his personal wealth. He spent his final years living secluded life reconciling with everything that was brought upon him.
GRANICE SRBIJE U VIĐENjIMA SRPSKE RADIKALNE STRANKE PRE I NAKON DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Simić Bojan
Published: October 2022

The Serbian Radical Party was formed in February 1940 by former Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Yugoslavia Milan Stojadinović. The foundation of a new party was triggered by Cvetković–Maček’s Agreement and establishment of Banovina Hrvatska. In its program, Serbian Radical Party did not specify the borders of Serbia but the stood firmly on the position that Serbian interests in Yugoslavia were threatened by this agreement. The party called for unity of all Serbs within Yugoslavia, denying any possibility of division of Bosnia that was considered Serbian. After Stojadinovićʼs arrest activities of the party weaken and completely ceased to exist after the German occupation in the spring 1941.During the Fifties Serbian Radical Party shortly renewed its existence abroad. This was connected with Stojadinović’s actions in Argentina and his negotiations with Ante Pavelić, former leader of the Independent State of Croatia. Both politicians advocated for dissolution of Yugoslavia. There are some sources claiming that the agreement was made about the borders that separate future independent states, Serbia and Croatia. However, this second hand information is more rumor than a fact. In the aftermath of his adventure with Pavelić, and clash with some Serbian politician in exile, Stojadinović lost interest in the party. In 1961 after the death of its founder Serbian Radical Party ceased to exist.
Implementasi Sistem Infomasi Berbasis Elektronik Melalui SIPD dalam Proses Perencanaan Pembangunan di Kabupaten Lebak
Authors: Wilansari Wilansari , Jumiati Ipah Ema , Agustino Leo
Published: October 2022

This research is conductedto analyze the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 70 Year2019 in the Development Planning Process in Lebak Regencyby exploringthe driving and inhibiting factors.. The theory used is the theory of public policy implementation according to Van Metter and Van Horn with six variables, namely: size and policy objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agents, attitudes or tendencies of implementers, communication between organizations and implementing activists, and the economic, social environment., and politics. The research method used is qualitative. The results of the study show that there are still several obstacles and problems in the Implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 70 Year2019 including: (1) There is no attachment regarding standardization of data for regional government needs; (2) the sectoral ego of the Ministry of Home Affairs to emerge theissue obout rules and applications; (3) the application reliability has not been tested in terms of structure, content, and network availability.
Evolution of eNaira for Re-engineering the Nigerian Emerging Economy
Authors:   Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
Published: October 2022

The Central Bank of Nigeria has recently initiated idea to digitalize the Nigerian currency (Naira) making it possible to be stored in a wallet. The launch of the eNaira has been seen as an avenue to change the narrative of doing business globally without encumbrances. Based on this, the study examined the evolution of eNaira for re-engineering the Nigerian emerging economy. The study specifically sought how eNaira re-engineer’s financial inclusion, direct and transparent welfare intervention, and revenue base in the Nigerian emerging economy. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design with a census of 36 as the sample size. The statistical tool employed for the analysis was the ANOVA. The mean and standard deviation were applied to answer three research questions that guided the study. A probability value of 0.05 significant level was used to test three stated hypotheses. The results revealed that eNaira positively and significantly re-engineer’s financial inclusion and the revenue base in the Nigerian emerging economy. However, it did not support direct and transparent welfare intervention for the citizens. The study further observed that irregular internet network, shortage of electronic devices, increase in financial cost, and activities of hackers may likely hinder this lofty idea. Based on this, the study recommended that the Central Bank of Nigeria should provide a sound financial platform and user-friendly infrastructures that will capture data of all citizens and those operating businesses in/with Nigeria. Finally, the Nigerian Communication Commission and the network providers should endeavor to provide uninterrupted internet networks to consumers.
Sources of Abai’s «Perfect Man» Concept
Authors:   Abai KazakhNational Pedagogical University, Kossymova G.S.
Published: October 2022

This article examines Abai's concept about the Perfect Man. Thoughts about the perfect person, which have been formed over the centuries and accumulated in the national consciousness, emphasize the importance of educating a new generation of people in modern society. Concepts based on universal values and transformed into a national code were reflected in the works of thinkers of antiquity and the Middle Ages, and later became a new feature in Abai's work. Abai's Perfect Man is a person who loves the God, respects a person, glorifies human qualities, knows the difference between good and evil, loves generosity, listens to the voice of his heart, stands for justice, avoids lies, hardworking, patriotic and mature. The researchers say maturity is the charity of the people living in the community. Charity is expressed in virtue, politeness, kindness, compassion, and fairness. In the works of Abai and Aristotle, Al-Farabi, Yusuf Balasaguni and Akhmet Iugneki, good people are described as conscious people who prioritize the states interests, are not indifferent to human fate, know the truth and able to think and make the right decisions. Topical issues of anthropocentrism – the discovery of the essence of a holistic model of a person, the search for the depth of the worldview of a mature person in the spiritual heritage of different periods, their connection with the nature of the ethnos, the artistic world, worldview. Figurative words and phraseological units and proverbs, aphorisms that create the image of a Perfect Man are valued as a motivation and a form of modeling. The values of Abai's worldview are considered in connection with the conscious actions of a mature person, and historical sources are taken for their sources. The historical heritage includes ancient Turkic monuments, medieval Turkic heritage and the thoughts of poets and the words of orators.
Linguistic and Cultural Aspects of Proverbs Reflecting the Concept «woman» in the Turkish World
Authors:   Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Elubay А.М. , Aldabek N.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the semantic structure of the concept of «woman» in the culture of the Turkic-speaking peoples (Kazakh and Turkish), as well as ways to reflect them in paremiological constructions. A comparative and linguoculturological analysis of proverbs and sayings denoting the concept of «woman» has been carried out. The cognitive features of the two nationalities in the interpretation of the image of a woman were analyzed. According to the authors meanings, in modern linguistics, the scope of the study of the spiritual treasures and linguistic wealth of the nation is expanding in comparison with the linguistic units in the vocabulary of related languages. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that when considered in the linguoculturological aspect, in addition to the communicative and cognitive activities of the language, the consideration of the language is given in unity and continuity with the concepts of culture and civilization, as a source of national cultural information that gives a valuable idea of the world as a whole and national characteristics, in particular. The aim of the study is to analyze the linguistic picture of the concept of «woman» in the Kazakh and Turkish languages at the lexical level, to identify their conceptual qualities and features of functioning. The work uses the methods of descriptive-analytical, lexical and conceptual analysis, linguocultural and comparative analyses. At present, the content of the concept «woman» has been revealed and considered from different angles in linguistic studies. The article also reveals similarities and differences between the conceptual, figurative and value components of the concept «woman». The concept of «woman» reflects the attitude of society towards the fair sex, therefore, in the Kazakh and Turkish ethnic groups, a woman is assigned the role of a housewife, wife, mother, mother-in-law. Turkish proverbs represent women's diligence, endurance and mercy. The Kazakh people also appreciate attentiveness, cheerfulness and hospitality in women. Both ethnic groups value female character and moral qualities above female beauty. In the linguistic cultures of the Kazakh and Turkish ethnic groups, women's verbosity, laziness, greed, lies, and arrogance are condemned. Comparison of two related languages makes it possible to reveal not only the universal features of each linguistic culture, but also their unique national features.
Development and Preservation of Paremia about a Person in the Book of «Korkyt Ata» in the Kazakh Language
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Yershayeva A.R. , Yeskeyeva M.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2022

In this article, authors seek to determine the connection of historical paroemias with proverbs used in the modern Kazakh language, based on the study of paroemias in the book of «Korkyt Ata» in a comparative historical aspect. Paremias are special structures in the language of a certain nation. They perform a cumulative function from father to child, establishing the ideological features and values of the nation in the world linguistic image. In the historical process, the paremias created for one reason or another under certain conditions and worked out by the consumers of the language, develop lexically, phonetically, grammatically, pragmatically, preserving their original or basic pragmatics, occupy a place in the synchronous vocabulary and implement the communication requests of consumers. It is not known when exactly they appeared and who was the real author. However, the marking of historical paremias on well-known written monuments opens up new opportunities for comparative historical research. It also helps to identify the features of the development of historical paremia at different stages. The paremias in the book «Korkyt ata» attract with their variety of aspects, among which there are several: 1. The Kazakh people have preserved proverbs, oratorical proverbs, winged expressions, reserved legends «Korkyt Atadan kalgan» (left from Korkyt Ata) or «Korkyt aitypty» (Korkyt said). 2. These paremias are also found among other Turkic peoples, so there is a problem of determining the general base of paremias. 3. A certain part of the proverbs of the Kazakh people is recorded in the book «Korkyt ata». That is, historical paroemias in the book «Korkyt Ata» have been transformed and developed for more than 500 years, forming a certain construction in the Kazakh language of the Kipchak group. Consequently, proverbs and sayings tend to vividly express the cultural essence of a nation filtered from the depths of history.
Soft Skills as a Guarantee of the Growth of Competitiveness of Future Specialists in Information and Communication Technologies
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Bekbolat M. , Berkimbaev K. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Nyiazova G. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2022

This article studies problems in the process of development of soft skills, of future specialists in information and communication technologies, necessary for creating Startup projects, developing products, creating a business model and implementing technological entrepreneurship within the framework of modern technologies by formation of complex of knowledge about the organizational and scientific methodological bases of effective business ideas and action planning. The competency in formation and realization of Startup projects is fundamental in the process of innovation commecialization. Therefore, in higher education programs, it is important to professionally train future specialists to create startups and implement the models of commercialization of products. As a result, this will contribute to a change in the structure of education and an increase in the activity of university business incubators (UBIs). The startup realization activities play an important role in formation of soft skills of students. Moreover, teamwork in a well-chosen and collaborative group is helpful for students in improving not only soft skills, but also in developing market analysis skills and as an activity that gives an opportunity to use appropriate tools. In addition, during business incubator programs, usually startup business plans are fully formed, which students can later use as a basis for their own business. The article investigates the historical aspects of the introduction of the concept of soft skills into scientific circulation. The significance and content of soft skills development process, which is actualized by the need of raising human capital focused on the creation of a digital industry, the need to use innovative platforms and by the growth in the number of young people studying in the field of information and communication technologies, striving to implement a highly effective, successful start-up project, are determined.
Proverbs and sayings as a means of developing trilingualism in Kazakhstan's schools
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ibrayeva Z. , Bulatbayeva K. ,   National Academy of Education named after I. Altynsarin, Vesselinov D. ,   Sofia University named after St. Kliment Ohridsk
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the usage of proverbs and sayings in the process of teaching English with the aim to develop trilingualism in secondary schools. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that one of the important sources of introducing a figurative and expressive foreign speech to schoolchildren is the fund of phraseological units. The phraseological fund of the language seems to be one of the most interesting and productive objects, vividly and distinctively showing national and cultural traditions, values and peculiarities of perception of the world, as well as the fact that the role of intercultural communication in the modern world is rapidly increasing. Proverbs are rich original material that, on the one hand, does not require adaptation, and on the other meets the highest artistic requirements. Thus, proverbs are the most fertile material. The main thing is an affordable tool, and its role in teaching a foreign language can hardly be overestimated. Proverbs and sayings contribute to the memorization of various consonants, rhymes and rhythms.The authors believe that the use of proverbs and sayings in foreign language lessons helps to solve both didactic and educational tasks: development of communication skills, memory; development of artistic thinking; getting acquainted with the history and culture of own community and a foreign one; education of moral and spiritual qualities of an individual. The article also presents exercises with proverbs and sayings for improving a foreign language communicative competence of schoolchildren. The results of the research can be used in the educational process when teaching English at school and other educational organizations, and while compiling teaching aids, textbooks intended for teaching English.
Emergency remote teaching and the medical student
Authors: Maldonado Karina , Maldonado Luis Fernando Dzul
Published: October 2022

In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, the teacher transformed classroom education, guaranteeing access to transformational cognitive learning, migrating from classroom teaching to confinement teaching, called emergency remote teaching. Adapting has generated hard collaborative work with open education resources, implemented by the teacher. Objective. To evaluate the emergency remote teaching implemented in the education of medical students during the contingency period. Results. There are 3 spheres in emergency remote teaching: Digital Resources (Learning Activities) with 87% satisfaction, Educational Intermodality 47% (interaction of educational modalities) and Evaluation Criteria 32%. Conclusion. The digital resources and the evaluation criteria depend on the teaching commitment in each Learning Unit. Educational intermodality is based on the digital ability of the teacher, being important to implement training alternatives in them and therefore motivate the student to continue in the educational process.
Application of Soft System Methodology for Modelling Institutional Strengthening of Salt Farmers
Authors: Riza Faisol , Wijaya Chandra
Published: October 2022

Salt farmers (smallholders) are the main actors in the production cycle of the national salt supply chain. However, they still face various problems regarding production technology, productivity, quality, market prices, product absorption by industry, access to capital, and incentives. Strengthening their institutional capacity requires collaboration and support from the government and other actors along the supply chain. This study aims to develop a model of institutional strengthening of salt farmers by applying a soft systems methodology. The institutional strengthening model was developed in three forms, i.e., the establishment of a salt farming corporation, the formation of cooperatives, and the revitalization of the salt farmer association. Various individual actors are involved, assessed, and then integrated into this model. The suggested strengthening model involves cooperatives and/or BUMDes (village-owned enterprises), farmer groups, and processing factories supported by government and financial institutions with partnership programs.
Design and Development of Polymer Based Fast Disintegrating Wafers of Selective Antihypertensive Agent
Authors: Payghan Dr. Santosh , Desai Dr. Sanjeevani , Lade Milind , Kate Vaishali
Published: October 2022

The objective of present investigation is to Design and develop the Polymer based fast disintegrating oral wafers of antihypertensive agent by solvent casting method and to study the effect of various Film Formers, Plasticizers and super disintegrants. Polymer based fast disintegrating oral wafers of Amlodipine besylate were prepared by Solvent casting method. Initially different batches were prepared using natural (Pullulan, Sodium alginate) and synthetic polymers (HPMC E5, HPMC E15) using different super disintegrants and evaluated for appearance, disintegration time and folding endurance. The present study consist of nine different formulations were prepared by varying conc. of various super disintegrants (i.e. Croscarmellose sodium, Sodium starch glycolate, Crospovidone (Polyplasdone XL10) and different plasticizers (Polyethylene glycol 400, Triethyl citrate, Dibutyl phthalate). The formulations were prepared by using hydrophilic Polymer (Pullulan). The optimized batch containing Pullulan, Triethtyl citrate and Cross Carmellose was selected. Formulations were evaluated for thickness, folding endurance, disintegration, % drug content, in vitro release study and Permeation study. Drug excipients compatibility study and FTIR spectra revealed that, there was no interaction between Amlodipine and excipients. The Pullulan is the biopolymer which showed the excellent film forming capacity and also it produced the wafer with smooth appearance and maximum stability. The Triethyl citrate gives better folding endurance and flexibility than that of PEG 400 and Dibutyl phthalate. The optimized Formulation F4 having concentration of Cross Carmellose sodium 11.25% with excellent film former Pullulan was having in vitro disintegration time below 40 seconds and shows 98.55% Cumulative drug release within 5 min. The F4 batch is stable for 90 days and there was no any significant change in evaluation parameters like appearance, disintegration time, surface pH and % CDR. It was concluded that Amlodipine besylate was successfully formulated in fast disintegrating wafers which were found to be having good mouth feel, faster disintegration and better drug release and stability.
Interacción entre Lontra felina Molina 1782 (Carnivora: Mustelidae) y Pelecanus thagus Molina, 1782 (Pelecaniformes: Pelecanidae) en Tacna, Perú
Authors: Pizarro-Neyra Jose
Published: October 2022

Se presenta información acerca de la interacción negativa entre Lontra felina Molina 1782 (Carnivora: Mustelidae) y Pelecanus thagus Molina, 1782 (Pelecaniformes: Pelecanidae) en la caleta de Morro Sama, Departamento de Tacna, Perú. Se registraron cuatro eventos de interacción en los esfuerzos de muestreo realizados en 2015, 2017 y 2019. Según los registros obtenidos, la interacción entre estas dos especies se presenta en inmediaciones de la madriguera de L. felina y en sitios donde los pescadores descartan restos de la pesca.
Muestreo, análisis de minerales y ensaye al fuego
Authors: Tiburcio Munive Guillermo del Carmen , Encinas Romero Martín Antonio , Bracamontes Landavazo María de los Ángeles , Coronado de la Cruz Fabián Guadalupe
Published: October 2022

Esta obra tiene como objetivo principal el muestreo de control de calidad de todos los materiales necesarios para el análisis, operación de laboratorios y plantas de metales como oro, plata, cobre, arsénico y manganeso. Está dirigida a los alumnos de ingeniería química y metalurgia, egre¬sados, estudiantes de posgrado y personal relacionado con la metalurgia extractiva y/o análisis de minerales. Cuenta con alrededor de 7 prácticas de muestreo que van desde la toma de muestra hasta la reducción de la materia prima para un análisis químico. Se presentan 10 prácticas de análisis químico por método de digestión de ácidos que nos ayudarán a conocer los elementos como Cu, S, Fe, Sulfatos, tiosulfatos y fosfatos. De igual manera, se describen las técnicas volumétricas para los elementos tales como amonio, Fe, Cu, ácidos, álcalis, sulfúrico, entre otros. Serie “Manuales de prácticas”