bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception and Awareness of Diabetes Mellites and Diabetes Ketoacidosis among the General Population in Sudair Area, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Yousef A. , Alsaadoon Bandar M. B. , Alanazi Talal M. A. , Alanazi Abdulaziz M. A. , Alsaadoon Sultan M. B. , Alanazi Majeed G. I. , Almutairi Abdulrahman N. N. , Alanazi Khalid F. , Shaik Riyaz A. , Mohamed Elsadig Y.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study was carried out to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of diabetes and DKA among the general population in the Sudair area of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among the individuals of Sudair area, Saudi Arabia (both Saudi and non-Saudi). The inclusion criteria were individuals who live in Sudair area of both gender and older than 18 years of age. The data will be collected by filling out a pre-designed online questionnaire that has choice answers. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 24 and presented in tables.

Results:

There were 709 people who participated in the study; majority of the participants were educated with 368 (51.9%) being University passed out. The majority of the older people believed that diabetic ketoacidosis is dangerous and may cause death. (P < 0.05). People aged less than 30 preferred calling an ambulance immediately 31 (46.9%) rather than taking them to the emergency room when asked about their opinion on a situation if one of their relatives or friends is afflicted with acidity in the blood. (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Awareness of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is low in the Sudair area, though higher among older, more educated, and married individuals. Targeted, multi-channel educational efforts and strong collaboration among healthcare providers, community leaders, and educational institutions are essential to improve understanding and reduce DKA-related health risks.
Comparative Evaluation of Fluid Absorbency of Retraction Cord after Immersing in Two Alpha Adrenomimetic Medicaments—An In Vitro Study
Authors: Gurunathan Balamurugan , Rahangdale Tripty , Parpiyani Manisha , Ninan Reny K. , Dhamane Arsh , Raghav Shivangi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim was to compare and evaluate the fluid absorbency of retraction cord after immersing in ZOAMETTM nasal decongestant and VIZOLINETM eye decongestant.

Material and Method:

A total of 90 pieces, each 50 mm long, were divided into three groups of 30. Group 1 consisted of untreated cords, while Groups 2 and 3 involved cords immersed in both solutions for 20 minutes, respectively. Further subgroups were divided based on immersion in artificial saliva and plasma. When immersed in medicaments, a significant difference in the absorption of fluids (artificial saliva and plasma) and between the two solutions was observed.

Result and Conclusion:

It was concluded that both the agents are safe to be used for gingival retraction; among the two, VIZOLINETM gave more efficient results.
Efficacy of a Single Trapezoidal-Shaped 3-D Condylar Plate in the Osteosynthesis of Mandibular Condylar Fractures
Authors: Pillania Ashish , Guruprasad Yadavalli , Butoliya Pooja , Butoliya Arti , Bhakar Khushbu Lamba , Deshmukh Abhinay V. , Singh Chandandeep
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

In the osteosynthesis of mandibular condylar fractures, the goal had been to assess the stability of a single trapezoidal-shaped 3-D condylar plate.

Materials and Methods:

We evaluated 15 individuals who had mandibular condylar fractures. Under general anesthesia, the chosen patients underwent open reduction and fixation using three-dimensional titanium miniplates called trapezoidal condylar plates (TCPs). The Mini Retro Mandibular Approach and the Trans Masseteric Antero Parotid Approach were used to treat each of these fractures.

Results and Conclusion:

The three-dimensional Trapezoidal Condylar Plate titanium miniplates were found to be an efficient osteosynthesis device for stabilising condylar fracture and hence, yielded acceptable results in terms of achieving anatomical and functional stability.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Influence of Crown-to-Implant Ratio on Marginal Bone Loss
Authors: Alhussainan Nawaf S. , AlMugeiren Osamah M.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

For better exploration about peri-implant bone loss, understanding the crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio is essential. The present work aims to establish site-related variables which influence relationship between the C/I ratio and peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) as well as the effect of C/I ratio on variation in MBL surrounding the implant.

Materials and Methods:

A cohort of 30 patients, either single or multiple, with a total of 50 implants underwent examination to ascertain change in MBL and the C/I ratio. Periapical and bite-wing radiographs were obtained utilizing a bisecting angle technique. Each radiograph underwent computer-assisted calibration by evaluating previously established measurements (e.g., fixture length). The software employed for the measurement was SIDEXIS XG version 2.63. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed.

Results:

With a mean MBL of 0.25 mm, a follow-up MBL of 1.14 mm, and an actual MBL of 0.84 mm, the average C/I ratio was determined as 0.84. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was found between baseline and follow-up MBL using paired sample t-test. Additionally, C/I ratio and real MBL showed insignificant positive correlation, according to Pearson’s correlation analysis.

Conclusion:

The crown–root ratio does not have a significant impact on the actual MBL around the implant.
A Step-By-Step Guide of Bibliometric Study for Healthcare and Allied Research
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Kumari Sommya , Guntipally Sowmya Sree , Chhabra Ajay , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Pankaj
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Initially started in the arena of business research and management studies, bibliometric analysis has become increasingly popular in the speciality of medical and dental research recently. Bibliometric analysis is proven to be a precious tool in unraveling and visualizing the collective knowledge of scientific literatures and developmental details of recognized fields through the systematic interpretation of extensive amounts of unstructured data. It provides scholars with the ability to obtain a comprehensive overview, pinpoint areas lacking in knowledge, generate novel research philosophies, and apply planned outcomes within the field. Well-executed bibliometric studies can provide scholars with valuable insights, including a broad outline of the research field of interest, identification of research gaps, generation of new research philosophies, and positioning of their contributions. A notable gap exists in the availability of a comprehensive guiding principle for bibliometric analysis in medical/dental research, presenting a notable problem for researchers eager to enhance their understanding of this methodology.
Elevating Expectations: Vericiguat in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Patel Pushpraj , Mishra Anjeney , Gawande Sachin Madhavrao , Patel Akhilesh , Varshney Amit
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) poses high morbidity and mortality. Guidelines Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) is essential, yet many patients experience significant symptoms. Vericiguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, may serve as an adjunctive therapy by enhancing the nitric oxide (NO)-sGC-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.

Methods:

This observational cohort study involved 100 participants with stage C HF and reduced EF (<40%), divided into two groups: 48 receiving vericiguat plus GDMT and 52 receiving GDMT alone. Primary outcomes included mortality, HF admissions, and changes in EF over 6 months.

Results:

Mortality rates were lower in the vericiguat group (10.4%) than in GDMT alone (17.3%, P = 0.32). HF admissions were reduced in the vericiguat group (25.0% vs 38.5%, P < 0.14), with significantly fewer mean HF admissions per patient (0.7 vs 1.2, P = 0.03). EF improved significantly more with vericiguat (+5.1% vs +2.3%, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Vericiguat may enhance management of stage C HF patients with reduced EF. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Assessment of Clinical MRI and Intraoperative Findings in Cases of Anorectal Fistula
Authors: Narsingh Narendra P. , Goswami Varun , Sharma Ranjana
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study aimed to assess the correlation between preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and intraoperative observations in patients diagnosed with anorectal fistulas and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in identifying fistulous tracts, internal openings, and associated complications.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted at Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, from April 2018 to September 2019, involving 30 patients diagnosed with anorectal fistulas. Preoperative MRI scans were performed for all patients, and findings were compared with intraoperative observations. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI in detecting internal openings, fistulous tracts, and abscesses were calculated.

Results:

Among the 30 patients, 26 were male (86.66%) and 4 were female (13.33%), with a mean age of 35.6 years. MRI identified 63.33% of cases as simple fistulas and 36.66% as complex fistulas. The internal opening was most commonly located at the 6 o’clock position (26.66%). MRI findings correlated with intraoperative findings in 86.66% of cases. The sensitivity of MRI was 100% for detecting simple tracts and 80% for detecting abscesses, with discrepancies observed in 13.33% of cases.

Conclusion:

MRI proved to be a valuable tool in the preoperative evaluation of anorectal fistulas, demonstrating high accuracy in identifying fistulous tracts and associated complications. However, in some cases, intraoperative findings differed from MRI, emphasizing the need for thorough surgical exploration.
Development of Personalized Periodontal Treatment Approaches: Integration of Genetic, Environmental, and Clinical Factors
Authors: Maheshwari Rajneesh , Baig Iman , Zeba Sana , Singh Mamta , Tyagi Shilpi , Sharma Prashansa
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Periodontal diseases are multifactorial, influenced by genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and clinical conditions. Current treatment strategies largely rely on standardized protocols, often failing to account for individual patient differences. This study explores the potential of personalized periodontal treatments that integrate genetic, environmental, and clinical data to optimize therapeutic outcomes. A cohort of 150 patients with various stages of periodontal disease underwent tailored treatments based on genetic screening, lifestyle factors, and clinical presentation. Statistical analyses revealed significant improvements in clinical outcomes for those receiving personalized treatments compared to the control group receiving standard care, demonstrating the efficacy of personalized treatment approaches in managing periodontal disease.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Tridax Procumbens Leaves-Based Chitosan Gel
Authors: Nandita R. , Jeevitha M. , Gurumoorthy Kaarthikeyan , Shanmugham Rajeshkumar , Ravichandran Sudarsan , Raj Kethiswar
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Tridax procumbens (TP) has been used as an anticoagulant and wound healer. Known by other names as Tridax daisy or coatbuttons, TP belongs to flowering plant species of Asteraceae family. The current study is conducted to analyze the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of TP leaves extract-based chitosan (TPC) gel.

Materials and Methods:

Anti-inflammatory activity of TPC gel was assessed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation assay and egg albumin (EA) denaturation assay. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging (H2O2) assay.

Results:

Both BSA and EA assay showed that the TPC gel (test gel) demonstrated maximum inhibition at 50 μL concentration and lowest inhibition at 10 μL similar to commercially available gel. The antioxidant activity assays revealed that both standard and the test gel exhibited high inhibitory percentage at all tested concentrations.

Conclusion:

The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant assay results demonstrate that the investigated compounds, notably TP leaves extract-based chitosan gel, have the potential to be effective agents in moderating oxidative stress and lowering inflammation.
Comparative Evaluation of Tacrolimus 0.1% in Orabase and Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% in the Management of Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis (RAS) – A Case Control Study
Authors: Manukonda Deepthi Chandrika , Yellarthi Pavan Kumar , Pakki Suresh Kumar , Bhushan N V V Satya , Radha G. V. , Chintada Venkata Ramani
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Recurrent apthous stomatitis (RAS) and recurrent apthous ulcers are common oral ulcers which are associated with a significant amount of pain and reduction in quality of life, where traditional mainstay of treatment is topical steroids.

Methodology:

A case control study was undertaken on 90 patients seeking treatment for minor RAS and was divided into three groups. An index ulcer was selected and treated with 0.1% tacrolimus, 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide, and placebo, respectively, for 1 week.

Results:

At the end of day 2, the mean percentage reduction was 44.16%, 79.82% at day 5 and 94.26% at day 7 in the tacrolimus group, which was comparatively higher than the other two groups at day 2, day 5, and day 7. Recurrence was reported in all three groups but was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The results of the study suggest that 0.1% tacrolimus is more effective as an immediate mode of treatment than 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide or placebo in the management of recurrent aphthous ulcers.
Comparative Assessment of Double Y-Shaped Versus Conventional Miniplates in Fixation of Mandibular Fractures
Authors: Srivastava Swastika , Balakrishnan R.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:

The study aims to enhance the patient’s quality of life by assessing and contrasting the effectiveness of traditional miniplates and double Y-shaped titanium plates in the treatment of mandibular anterior fractures.

Method:

Ten patients with anterior mandibular fractures participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups (Group A and Group B). The arch bar was inserted once the patient was prepared, and IMF was performed as necessary. An intraoral vestibular incision was made to expose and reduce the fracture site, leaving a 5 mm gingival cuff in place. Group A received fixation using 2 mm double Y-shaped titanium plates and 2 * 8 mm titanium screws, while Group B received fixation using two conventional miniplates and 2 * 8 mm titanium screws. Metrogyl wash was administered, and closure was achieved using 3.0 Vicryl, ensuring sufficient hemostasis. After 48 hours, Dynaplast was used to stabilize the fixation, and IMF was released.

Result:

Clinical and radiographic parameters like pain scale, neurosensory dysfunction, wound problems, fracture line width, teeth related to fracture line, and healing progression were assessed at immediate postop, 3 months, and 6 months intervals. Pain was reduced similarly till 3 months where Group A did not report pain at 6 months showing significant differences. On assessing neurosensory disturbance, Group A showed superior difference (p 0.03*). Wound healing, stability of fractured segments, fracture reduction, teeth related to fracture line, and healing improvement were adequate in both groups.

Conclusion:

Our study concluded that the use of double Y-shaped titanium plate provides a promising and alternative technique over conventional in the management of anterior mandibular fractures.
The Impact of Virtual Clinic Services on Healthcare Practitioners’ Attitudes: A Case Study at Maternity and Children Hospital Makkah al Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asiri Misfer A. , Jenkins Judy , George Jomin , Hayat Aalia A. , Meny Jalal H. , Al-Qurashi Hassan H. , Alsubhi Emad N. , Almalki Saad A.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives:

This study examines healthcare practitioners’ attitudes toward virtual clinic (VC) services at the Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

Using a modified questionnaire based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) 2 model, data from 212 health practitioners was analyzed. Descriptive, regression and graphical analyses were performed using R software.

Results:

A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results indicate significant associations between factors such as performance expectancy (0.022|), perceived value (0.004), social influence (0.002), facilitating conditions (0.002), hedonic motivation (0.029), and habit influence (0.035), and healthcare practitioners’ attitudes toward virtual clinic use. The only factor that did not significantly influence attitudes was effort expectancy (0.152). More than 61.61% of the respondents expressed a positive attitude toward using virtual services.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the increasing adoption of VC services post-COVID-19 and underscores the importance of addressing challenges such as digital infrastructure and expertise gaps.
Estimation of Alpha-Amylase in Smokers with and without Leukoplakia and Oral Cancer—A Comparative Study
Authors: Basannavar Amit A. , Bhargava Ankita , Sahoo Alkananda , Dhakar Nidhi , Shetty Rahul R. , Giri Debanti
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Alpha-amylase is an enzyme found in saliva that plays a crucial role in the initial stages of digestion. Its levels can be influenced by various factors, including lifestyle habits such as smoking.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 150 male subjects were recruited for this comparative study and divided into three groups: 50 smokers without any oral lesions (group A), 50 smokers with leukoplakia (group B), and 50 smokers with oral cancer (group C). Salivary samples were collected from each participant and analyzed for alpha-amylase activity using the 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-β-D-maltotrioside (CNPG3) method. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests to compare the mean alpha-amylase levels between the groups.

Results:

The mean alpha-amylase levels were found to be 140 U/mL in group A, 180 U/mL in group B, and 220 U/mL in group C. Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in alpha-amylase levels in smokers with leukoplakia and oral cancer compared to smokers without oral lesions (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant difference was observed between group B and group C (P < 0.05), indicating progressively higher enzyme levels with the severity of the oral condition.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrates that salivary alpha-amylase levels are elevated in smokers with leukoplakia and oral cancer compared to those without these conditions.
Comparative Analysis of Long-term Success Rates and Patient Satisfaction among Different Implant Placement Techniques for Implant-Supported Restorations: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Mithran Akash , Parmar Vishal B. , Sheth Malav , Mansi  , Banerjee Soumalya , Raju Minu
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This prospective clinical trial aimed to rigorously investigate and compare the long-term success rates of implant-supported restorations using various implant placement techniques, including conventional two-stage implant placement, immediate implant placement, and guided implant surgery.

Methods:

A total of 168 participants were randomly assigned to three groups. Comprehensive preoperative assessments, involving detailed medical and dental histories, thorough clinical examinations, and cone-beam computed tomography scans, were conducted. The implant placement techniques included conventional two-stage, immediate placement, and guided surgery. Primary outcomes included clinical and radiographic implant success, while secondary outcomes encompassed prosthetic success, complication rates, and patient-reported outcomes.

Results:

Baseline characteristics demonstrated no significant differences among the groups. Implant success rates at 6, 12, and 24 months were consistently high, with no statistically significant differences between conventional two-stage (96.4%, 94.0%, and 91.1%, respectively), immediate placement (94.7%, 92.1%, and 88.5%, respectively), and guided surgery (98.2%, 96.4%, and 93.8%, respectively) techniques (P > 0.05). Prosthetic complications, including crown misfit, abutment screw loosening, and esthetic issues, exhibited comparable rates across groups (P > 0.05). Patient satisfaction scores remained consistently high at 6, 12, and 24 months, with no statistically significant differences between conventional two-stage (8.2 ± 1.1, 8.5 ± 0.9, and 8.8 ± 0.8, respectively), immediate placement (8.4 ± 1.0, 8.8 ± 0.8, and 9.1 ± 0.7, respectively), and guided surgery (8.7 ± 0.9, 9.0 ± 0.7, and 9.3 ± 0.6, respectively) techniques (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

This study provides robust evidence supporting the comparable success rates, low prosthetic complications, and high patient satisfaction associated with conventional two-stage, immediate placement, and guided surgery techniques for implant-supported restorations.
Root-Centric Implantology-Navigating Success with Precision Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Pandaw Kshitibhushan Singh , Malagi Sachin K. , Abraham Dennis V. , Tembhurne Saurabh , Banerjee Sneha , Mahato Arundhuti
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Immediate implant placement after extraction has proven to be a dependable and efficient technique for restoring a patient’s appearance and functionality. Dentists can now provide “Teeth within a day” for edentulous patients by using immediate single-stage placement of implants and immediate prosthesis fabrication. The study’s objective is to present a novel strategy that provides better direction for implant bed preparation for immediate implantation at multirooted extraction sites. This novel approach to implant bed preparation can be viewed as a straightforward but useful modification to the customary procedure that permits accurate implant placement at multirooted extraction sites immediately.
Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Ferritin Levels as a Predictor Inflammatory Biomarker Before and After Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy- An Interventional Study
Authors: Tembhurne Saurabh , Malagi Sachin K. , Abraham Dennis V. , Pandaw Kshitibhushan S. , Mahato Arundhuti , Agrawal Priyal
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Ferritin plays a crucial role in the host immune response, with elevated serum ferritin levels established in various chronic inflammation-related diseases, including periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on salivary ferritin levels in periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods

Fifty patients were selected and divided into two groups a control group of healthy individuals and an experimental group of chronic periodontitis patients. Salivary samples were collected using the drooling method to assess ferritin levels. The experimental group underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy, with clinical parameters [plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), oral hygiene index-simplified (OHIS), bleeding point index (BPI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL)] recorded before and one month after therapy. Salivary samples were analyzed using CLIA, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results:

The control group showed significantly lower ferritin levels compared to the periodontitis group. Post-therapy, the periodontitis group exhibited significant improvements in both clinical parameters and ferritin levels.

Conclusion:

Salivary ferritin levels effectively predict periodontal disease and the impact of periodontal therapy, demonstrating its potential as a valuable biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring periodontal health.
Leucorrhoea Relief: Harnessing the Power of Ayurveda for Natural Healing - A Case Report
Authors: Chaudhari Bhagyashri V. , Kubade Nishigandha A. , Gaikwad Ishwari S. , Bhende Sughosh R.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Shwetapradar, commonly known as leucorrhea, is a gynecological condition characterized by abnormal vaginal discharge. While it is normal to a certain extent, its pathological manifestation can become severe, often overshadowing the primary cause and prompting patients to seek treatment for this specific symptom. Traditional Ayurvedic approaches to managing Swetapradara (leucorrhea) include addressing the root causes, adopting the Kapha shamak (kapha mitigating) diet, and employing specific procedures such as vaginal suppositories, douches, and fumigation, alongside symptomatic treatment. This case report presents the successful management of a 32-year-old female suffering from chronic leucorrhea. The patient underwent effective treatment through Shamana chikitsa, which involved the administration of a therapeutic combination along with Sthanik Chikitsa (local treatment) of Yoni Dhavana (vaginal douche). This comprehensive therapeutic approach aimed at addressing the patient’s condition, reflects a well-rounded strategy that leverages the synergistic benefits of these specific medicinal elements.
Effect of Trigonella Foenum – Graceum in Diabetic Albino Wistar Rats and Their Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Vishwakarma Komal , Badade Zunjarrao G. , Dhok Archana , Kushwaha Arvind , Ambad Ranjit
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The WHO says diabetes is an incurable disease resulting from inadequate amounts of insulin produced by the β-cells of the pancreas or insufficient insulin use by the body. Diabetes mellitus is the 16th top cause of death globally. It is a crucial and significant public health problem. It is broadly recognized that people with diabetes have a higher chance of developing several major complications, like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetic obesity. Numerous animal models have been created over time to investigate diabetes mellitus or evaluate medications that prevent it. To generate diabetes in these models, several animal species are subjected to pharmacological, surgical (pancreatectomy), and genetic alterations.

Aims and Objectives:

To study in male Albino Wistar rats the potential anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic effects of fenugreek seeds.

Materials and Methods:

Male Wistar rats were given streptozotocin to cause diabetes; the rats were subsequently treated with fenugreek seeds. SOD and catalase levels in the serum of Wistar rats were used to determine fenugreek seeds anti-oxidant qualities.

Conclusion:

Using diabetic Albino Wistar rats, the study revealed Trigonella foenum has anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant qualities.
Presence of Aspartate Aminotransferase in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid with and without Mucositis
Authors: Devadiya Priyanka , Goyal Yashika , Divya Divya , Wasti Jyoti , Patil Dipooja , Sinha Anamika , Ghadage Mahesh
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme commonly found in various body fluids and tissues, including peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF). Its presence and activity in PICF have been implicated in inflammatory conditions such as mucositis around dental implants.

Materials and Methods:

This study aimed to compare the levels of AST in PICF collected from sites with mucositis (group A) and healthy sites (group B). PICF samples were collected using standardized paper strips and analyzed using enzymatic assays. The AST levels were quantified using a spectrophotometric method, and the data were statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test.

Results:

The mean AST level in group A (mucositis) was found to be 12.3 ± 2.1 U/mL, whereas in group B (healthy sites), it was significantly lower at 5.7 ± 1.3 U/mL (P < 0.05). These findings indicate a significant elevation of AST in PICF associated with mucositis compared to healthy peri-implant sites.

Conclusion:

Elevated levels of AST in PICF suggest its potential as a biomarker for detecting inflammatory conditions such as mucositis around dental implants. Monitoring AST levels in PICF could aid in the early detection and management of peri-implant diseases, contributing to improved clinical outcomes and implant longevity.
Thrombosed Fetal Dural Sinus Malformation: A Case Report
Authors: Al Muteri Tayseer , Al Rawahi Muna , Moretti Felipe
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Fetal dural venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon disorder in which a blood clot forms in the developing fetus’s dural venous sinuses. A detailed ultrasound examination, including neurosonography, and color Doppler are usually used to identify it, and fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to confirm the diagnosis. Although few case reports exist, the incidence of fetal occurrence remains unknown.

Case Description:

A 25-year-old woman, primigravida, with no comorbidities at 20 weeks and 1 day, underwent a detailed ultrasound followed by MRI. The imaging revealed a triangular extra-axial expansile lesion measuring 1.6cm AP × 3 craniocauded × 2.6cm transverse diameter. - The lesion was located at the torcula, at the confluence of the transverse sinuses, extending towards the posterior aspect of the left transverse sinus. This extension caused flattening of the posterior portion of the cisterna magna and the left posterior aspect of the cerebellum. The size of the intracranial mass increased. Fetal and parental investigations failed to find any underlying cause. The patient had a spontaneous vaginal birth at 38 weeks. A postnatal diagnosis of thrombosis in the sinus was confirmed by MRI and venography. No brain damage or hydrocephalus was noted, and the neurological outcome was normal at 9 months of age.

Conclusion:

Fetal intracranial thrombosis can result from dural sinus abnormalities. When dural sinus malformation (DSM) is detected in prenatal imaging, timely fetal MRI is recommended to help diagnose dural sinus abnormalities, identify intracranial complications, and determine perinatal plan and management options.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching on Knowledge Regarding the Management of Post-Hemodialysis Fatigue among Patients Attending Hemodialysis
Authors: Munjewar Pratiksha , Sharma Ranjana , Mahakalkar Gauri Chandrashekhar , Dhok Archana , Jaiswal Gaurav
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, affecting 13.4% of the population. Many CKD patients progress to end-stage renal disease, necessitating lifelong renal replacement therapy like dialysis. Hemodialysis significantly alters patients’ lifestyles, causing social isolation, work–life changes, financial strain, and family role shifts. These challenges lead to fatigue, pain, depression, and sleep disturbances, severely impacting patients’ quality of life and daily activities. Among these symptoms, fatigue is one of the most common and disruptive.

Aim:

To assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding the management of post-hemodialysis fatigue among patients attending hemodialysis.

Material and Method:

This study was based on a quantitative research approach and one group pretest and post-test research design. This study includes 200 patients attending hemodialysis from Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital Wardha with the nonprobability convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of the patient.

Result:

After the educational program, the knowledge score improved significantly. The poor category decreased to 50 participants (25.0%), while the average category dropped to participants (5.0%). The good category increased substantially to 110 participants (55.5%), and 30 participants (15.0%) achieved an excellent level of knowledge.

Conclusion:

Results suggest that after applying intervention, the knowledge regarding post-hemodialysis fatigue is increased in patients attending hemodialysis.
A Smile for the Future: Nanotechnology Impact on Aesthetics, Durability, and Functionality in Prosthodontics
Authors: Gunasekaran M , Sharma Sonali , Lakshmiprasanna Kolla , Rashid Saba , Madale Ashwati , Veldanda Mounika , Renuka
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing prosthodontics by enhancing the aesthetics, durability, and functionality of dental restorations. Nanomaterials can mimic the natural appearance of teeth with unprecedented precision, resulting in lifelike and visually appealing prosthetics. Their superior strength and wear resistance extend the longevity of restorations, reducing the need for replacements and lowering costs. Beyond aesthetics and durability, nanomaterials can be engineered with unique properties, such as antibacterial effects and the ability to deliver therapeutic agents, improving oral health and patient comfort. This review explores the current applications and future opportunities of nanotechnology in prosthodontics, offering valuable insights for dental professionals and researchers interested in its transformative potential.
Comparison of Force Decay of Two Different Types of Elastomeric Chains with the Use of Different Types of Mouth Washes – An In vitro Study
Authors: Pawar Rahul , Majumder Tanmoy , Singh Shalini , Choudhury Dip G. , Hassan Md Kamal , Mrinal Swati
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Elastomeric chains are commonly used in orthodontic treatments to apply continuous force for tooth movement. However, the exposure of these chains to different mouthwashes can impact their force retention and effectiveness. Understanding the effect of various mouthwash solutions on elastomeric chains is crucial to optimize orthodontic treatment outcomes and maintain the desired level of force over time. This study investigates the impact of different mouthwash solutions on the force decay of both prestretched and unstretched elastomeric chains, providing insights into the best practices for mouthwash use during orthodontic care.

Material and Methods:

A study was conducted using 1000 specimens of “five-unit clear short-linked elastomeric chains.” These specimens were divided into two main groups of elastomeric chains: prestretched and unstretched. Each main group was further subdivided into five subgroups: one control (artificial saliva) and four test subgroups exposed to different mouthwashes. Statistical analysis was conducted with a significance level set at P < 0.05 to determine the effect of each mouthwash on the force retention of the elastomeric chains.

Results:

The initial force levels of elastomeric chains before and after immersion in various solutions over different time intervals showed statistically significant differences. These differences were observed in both prestretched and unstretched elastomeric chain groups as well as between the prestretched and unstretched conditions. The results indicate that different mouthwash solutions have varying impacts on force decay, with some solutions leading to more pronounced degradation than others.

Conclusion:

Common mouthwashes degrade the force of both prestretched and unstretched elastomeric chains. To minimize this effect during orthodontic treatment, it is recommended to use Himalaya HiOra, probiotic, and Clohex® mouthwashes, followed by fluoride mouthwash. These alternatives may help preserve the force retention of elastomeric chains and improve treatment efficacy.
Effectiveness of a Comprehensive School-Based Oral Health Intervention Program on Periodontal Disease Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Kalpana M. S. , Dwivedi Pooja , Jain Meena , Swain Padmaja , Nasyam Fazil A.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Periodontitis is a prevalent oral health issue in rural India, contributing to tooth loss and systemic health complications. School-based oral health education programs offer a promising prevention and early intervention strategy.

Objective:

To assess the impact of a comprehensive school-based oral health program on periodontal disease prevalence and severity among school-aged children in rural Bhopal.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 5000 children (10-15 years) in rural Bhopal. The intervention group received a 6-month program comprising oral hygiene instruction, dietary counseling, information on periodontitis, and facilitated dental checkups. The control group received no additional oral health education. Pre- and post-test assessments included clinical examinations (Community Periodontal Index, Gingival Index, Plaque Index) and oral health knowledge and practices questionnaire.

Results:

After six months, the intervention group showed significant reductions in periodontal indices (CPI: −0.45, P < 0.001; GI: −0.30, P < 0.001) and plaque levels (PI: −0.65, P < 0.001) compared to the control group. They also demonstrated significant improvements in oral health knowledge (P < 0.001) and reported oral hygiene practices (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

A comprehensive school-based oral health education program is efficacious in improving periodontal health, knowledge, and practices among rural Indian children. The program’s success supports its potential for broader implementation as a sustainable and cost-effective public health intervention in similar settings.
Enhanced growth of short stature in Ellis-van Creveld syndrome: A case report of a Saudi child
Authors: Al Ageeli Essam
Published: December 2024

This case report presents the diagnosis and management of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) in a 20-year-old Saudi boy, highlighting the condition’s genetic basis and prevalence in consanguineous communities. The patient exhibited characteristic clinical and radiological features, including below-average height, bilateral postaxial polydactyly, and hypoplastic nails. Diagnosis was confirmed through genetic testing, revealing a nonsense homozygous mutation in the EVC2 gene. Remarkably, the absence of cardiac abnormalities allowed for the successful administration of growth hormone (GH) therapy, which led to a notable increase in height over 2 years, from 108 cm at age 12 to 122 cm at age 14. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive assessment and the potential benefits of GH therapy in EVC patients, particularly those without cardiac defects.
Occipital bone fractures in two-wheeler road traffic accidents: Understanding contrecoup brain injuries and implications for prevention
Authors: Wallang Robert Mark , Giridharan R , Arunan T.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Traumatic occipital bone fractures from two-wheeler road traffic accidents (RTAs) are significant public health concerns due to their high morbidity and mortality.

Aim:

This study investigates the epidemiology and outcomes of these injuries, focusing on demographic characteristics, injury patterns, alcohol consumption, helmet use, and management strategies.

Methods:

This study was carried out at a regional referral center, including patients admitted with traumatic occipital bone fractures due to two-wheeler RTAs. Data on demographics, injury details, alcohol consumption, helmet use, management approaches, and patient outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results:

The study comprised 60 patients with a mean age of 41.3 ± 15.6 years, predominantly male (80%). Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with poorer outcomes, including a higher sudden death rate (P = 0.047) and overall mortality (P = 0.040). Of the patients who consumed alcohol, 88.9% were riders without helmets, compounding the risk. The most common diagnoses were frontal hemorrhagic contusion (56.7%) and subdural hematoma (30%). Conservative management was more common among survivors (68.2%), while a higher proportion of nonsurvivors underwent surgical intervention (60.0%), though these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Alcohol consumption and lack of helmet use are associated with significantly higher mortality and severe outcomes in traumatic occipital bone fractures from two-wheeler RTAs. The findings underscore the necessity of public health initiatives to encourage helmet usage and curtail alcohol-impaired driving. Additional research is required to investigate the influence of treatment approaches on patient outcomes.
Factors Influencing the Three-dimensional Distribution of Microplastics on Sandy Beaches: A Case Study from the Turkish Coast of the Black Sea
Authors: Gül Mustafa Remzi
Published: December 2024

Microplastic pollution stands as an emerging threat to sandy beach ecosystems, globally. However, beaches are three-dimensional systems, and only a limited number of studies investigated the vertical and horizontal distribution of microplastics in these systems. Furthermore, the causative drivers behind the three-dimensional distribution of microplastics on sandy beaches have not been well understood. Therefore, 7 potential factors including total organic content, sand grain size, beach length, and width, the proximity of the study site to the closest city center (a proxy for the tourism influence), cleaning frequency of the beaches, and road type next to the beach on nine sandy beaches of the Turkish Coast of the Black Sea were collectively investigated as causative drivers. Microplastic abundance, size, and compositions were examined in sand samples collected at different depths between 0 and 105 cm. While microplastic abundance was evenly distributed horizontally, it showed a gradual decline with increasing depth. The abundance of microplastics varied between 21.18±0.98 item/kg-1 (at the beach surface) and 2.78±0.93 item/kg-1 (at the deepest sampling point). Potential factors examined here explained 84.7% of the variation in microplastic abundance with the highest relative influence by wave actions. Microplastic size showed a seaward decline on the beach surface with 1045.11±274.36 μm, but it seemed similar between depths. Other characteristics (color, shape, and polymer type) significantly differed between depths and tidal heights. The majority of the microplastics were fragments (38.4%) and foams (37.8%). White was the most available microplastic color with 30.23%. Microplastics detected on these sites were dominated by polystyrenes. The factors examined here explained their variations of microplastic characteristics between 84.25% and 89.14%. This study provides important insights into the current literature by examining multiple causative drivers for the three-dimensional microplastic distribution on sandy beaches, which should be useful for management strategies to reduce the impact of these contaminants on organisms.
Long-Term Changes in Light Attenuation in the Sea of Marmara
Authors: Öztürk İlayda Destan , Ediger Dilek , Altiok Hüsne
Published: December 2024

Primary production, which drives the development of marine ecosystems, is largely dependent on the light present in the water column. Therefore, understanding the attenuation coefficient (Kd (PAR)) is crucial for describing underwater light variability. This study reveals the regional and seasonal characteristics of light attenuation in the Sea of Marmara for the first time. A 10-year time series (2000-2009) of Kd from the northeastern Sea of Marmara was analyzed and compared with seasonal values from the entire Sea of Marmara in 2021. Between 2000 and 2009, the coefficient ranged from 0.139 to 0.539 m⁻¹, with a mean of 0.220 m⁻¹ and a standard deviation of 0.063. The highest values occurred in winter and spring, while the lowest were in autumn and summer. Variations in attenuation coefficients were inversely related to the euphotic zone depth. In 2021, Kd values ranged from 0.123 to 0.443 m⁻¹, with a mean of 0.247 m⁻¹. During the summer of 2021, when mucilage was present, the attenuation coefficient was lowest at the surface and increased with depth, indicating that larger mucilage aggregates affect light penetration significantly. Coastal areas and bays were classified as turbid, while deeper areas were moderately turbid based on the attenuation coefficient. This work will serve as an important reference for research on marine ecosystems, water quality, modeling, remote sensing and climate change, and will improve our understanding of their impacts at the ecosystem level. These insights are vital for both science and policy, particularly in the areas of conservation, resource management and climate resilience. The results can lead to practical outcomes such as improved monitoring tools, better predictive models and more effective management strategies.
Spatial Variation of Soft Bottom Arthropoda and Echinodermata Fauna in the Aegean Sea
Authors: Aslan Herdem
Published: December 2024

A study was conducted on the community of the arthropod and echinoderm fauna in the Aegean Sea of Turkish coast between August 12th and 19th, 2014. Sampling was obtained utilizing a van Veen grab at 16 stations between Edirne-Enez and Marmaris by the R/V TUBITAK Marmara at depths ranging from 11.5 to 69 m. In the study area, an average of 79 individuals m-2 of 68 arthropod species with an average weight of 1.3 g m-2; a total density of 18 individuals m-2 of 13 echinoderm species with a weight of 22 g m-2 were obtained. Amphipod Gammaropsis sophiae and ophiuroid Amphiura cherbonnieri are new record species for the Aegean coast of Turkiye. The frequency index indicates that tanaid Apseudopsis latreillii and Ophiroid Amphipholis squamata are the most common taxa. The quantitative dominance results for all study areas demonstrate that tanaid Chondrochelia savignyi and ophiroid Amphiura chiajei were the most dominant species. The highest number of species (33 species), abundance (373 ind m-2) and biomass (247 g m-2) were found in the station Çeşme while no species could be obtained at station outer Izmir Bay. In the implementation of ecosystem-based management strategies, the presentation of qualitative and quantitative information regarding fauna is of great importance.
Limnological Characteristics of Inland, Glacial Lakes on the Horseshoe Island (Antarctica)
Authors: Fakıoğlu Özden , Demir Nilsun , Topal Muhammet Furkan , Karadayi Gökçe , Karadayi Mehmet , Güllüce Medine
Published: December 2024

Antarctica is a continent with extreme climatic conditions, with many lakes and ponds with ecological status varying from ultra-oligotrophic to hypereutrophic. Horseshoe Island is situated in Marguerite Bay, in the western Antarctic Peninsula. In this research, we purpose to determine the limnological characteristics of four lakes on Horseshoe Island (Col 1, Col 2, Skua and Zano). Water samples were taken once (during the summer period) from one station in each of the lakes for chemical analysis. The Trophic State Index (TSI) was calculated based on Secchi depth, chlorophyll-a, and total phosphorus concentrations. Phytoplankton were sampled from the same stations, except for Lake Zano, because of the ice cover. Phytoplankton community indice (Q) was calculated. Total phosphorus concentration for Lake Col 1, Col 2, Skua and Zano were measured as 0.6, 0.65, 3.0, 4.6 mg/m3, respectively. Based on total phosphorus, these four lentic systems are oligotrophic. TSI values pointed out oligotrophy and mesotrophy in the lakes. Lake Skua was found to be excellent quality (0.59 mg/l) while Lake Col 1 (0.72 mg/l) and Lake Col 2 (0.68 mg/l) were found to be good quality according to total phytoplankton biomass. The ecological status of the lakes is prediction to be of medium quality based on cyanobacteria biomass. This may be due to the rapid increase of Cyanobacteria in the short summer period as well as nutrient enrichment. Based on the Q indice, Lake Skua (4.2) is of excellent quality, Lake Col 2 (4) is of good quality, and Lake Col 1 (2.73) is of moderate quality in ice-free period. Because these lakes are under stressors such as climatic pressure (duration of ice cover) and natural eutrophication processes, regular monitoring of the lakes on the Antarctic continent is recommended.