bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DO ARMAZENAMENTO DAS AMOSTRAS PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DA ÁGUA NA FOLHA PELA CÂMARA DE PRESSÃO
Authors: Melo Ralini Ferreira de , Gruber Yanê Borges Garcia , Coelho Rubens Duarte
Published: November 2018

EFEITO DO ARMAZENAMENTO DAS AMOSTRAS PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DA ÁGUA NA FOLHA PELA CÂMARA DE PRESSÃO  Ralini Ferreira de Melo; Yanê Borges Garcia Gruber; Rubens Duarte CoelhoDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, ralini@esalq.usp.br  1 RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do tempo de armazenamento das amostras de folhas de Citrus sp. na quantificação dos diferentes níveis de estresse hídrico, após as mesmas terem sido removidas das plantas, visando analisar a possibilidade de se fazer as medidas com a câmara de pressão (Scholander et al., 1964) na citricultura em condições de laboratório, e não imediatamente após a coleta das folhas. A amostragem constituiu-se em dez plantas para cada nível de estresse hídrico, com retirada de 5 folhas por planta e por coleta. Foram observadas as variações horárias dos valores nos tratamentos, com intervalos medidos de 0; 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 24; 48, 72 e 120 horas, sendo a primeira leitura às 6:00 horas do potencial total da água da folha. A determinação do potencial total da água nas plantas (yf) foi feita no pré-amanhecer e correlacionou-se o yf com o intervalo de tempo em que a medida foi feita após a coleta dessa amostra, resultando nas seguintes observações: a) com o passar do tempo de armazenamento das folhas cítricas ocorreu diminuição do potencial total da água, tornando-se mais negativo; b) com o aumento do nível de estresse hídrico, existiu uma menor interferência do tempo de leitura no potencial da água na folha para os menores níveis de estresse hídrico e c) o valor máximo de armazenamento recomendado é de seis horas. UNITERMOS: câmara de pressão, deficiência hídrica, irrigação  MELO, R. F. de; GRUBER, Y. B. G.; COELHO, R. D. EFFECT OF SAMPLE STORAGE FOR DETERMINATION OF LEAF WATER POTENTIAL USING A  PRESSURE CHAMBER  2 ABSTRACT This paper aimed to evaluate the storage time influence on the water potential of leaves (WPL) removed from citrus trees, and kept under no light and at low temperature conditions, prior to its determination using a Scholander´s chamber. Samples were taken from 10 trees of each water stress level (treatments), by removing 5 leaves at once. The variation of the water potential of leaves was observed for 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 24; 48, 72 and 120 hours after the initial measurement realized at 6:00 AM local time (predawn). The Scholander´s chamber determinations were correlated with the initial readings (predawn), resulting in the following observations: a) as storage time increased, there was a decrease of total leaf water potential, which became more negative;  b) with increase of water stress, there was a lower interference of storage time on leaf water potential; and c) under low levels of water stress the recommended maximum value for storage time is 6 hours. KEYWORDS: pressure chamber, water drought, irrigation
USO DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO E GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NA MICROBACIA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS MARINS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PIRACICABA/SP.
Authors: Faganello Célia Regina Ferrari , Folegatti Marcus Vinícius , Gonçalves Roberta Alessandra Brusche , Lucas Ariovaldo Antônio Tadeu
Published: November 2018

USO DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO E GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NA MICROBACIA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS MARINS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PIRACICABA/SP.  Célia Regina Ferrari Faganello; Marcos Vinícius Folegatti; Roberta Alessandra Brusche Gonçalves; Ariovaldo Antônio Tadeu LucasDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, SP, crfagane@esalq.usp.br  1 RESUMO             A percepção da sociedade de que a agricultura é o setor com maior demanda de água leva à necessidade de se praticar o manejo sustentável da irrigação. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: i) avaliar a percepção de produtores rurais em relação à cobrança pelo uso da água, à escassez de água, à preservação da mata ciliar e ao controle da erosão, em propriedades produtoras de hortaliças na microbacia do ribeirão dos Marins, Piracicaba/São Paulo e fornecer subsídios para futuras intervenções de educação ambiental. Foram aplicados aos irrigantes roteiros quali-quantitativos de entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados mostraram que os produtores não praticam o manejo da irrigação; a maioria possui receio que falte água e também não concorda com a cobrança; apenas 4 fazem controle da erosão e todos acham importante preservar a mata ciliar. Conclui-se que é necessário capacitar os agricultores para usar racionalmente a água, possibilitar o acesso à tecnologias eficientes de irrigação e esclarecer a proposta de cobrança pelo uso da água. UNITERMOS: manejo da irrigação, escassez de água, cobrança pelo uso da água.  FAGANELLO, C. R. F.; FOLEGATTI, M. V.; GONÇALVES, R. AL. B.; LUCAS, A. A. T. IRRIGATON WATER USE AND WATER RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT IN MARINS SMALL CATCHMENTS, PIRACICABA/SP  2 ABSTRACT             Due to the society’s perception that agriculture is a sector with bigger water demand, sustainable irrigation management is necessary. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the perception of agricultural producers about charging for water use, water scarcity, preservation of the riparian vegetation and erosion control in rural properties along  Marins small catchments,Piracicaba,São Paulo and to provide information about  these small catchments for future  interventions in environmental education projects. Quali-quantitative, half-structuralized questionnaires were used to interview farmers. The results showed that producers do not manage irrigation, most are afraid of water lack and do not  agree with charging for water use; only 4 make erosion control and all of them think it is important to preserve riparian vegetation.  It can be concluded that it is necessary to qualify agricultural producers to use water rationally, making it possible to access efficient irrigation technologies and to clear out the aim  the charging for water use. KEYWORDS: irrigated agriculture handling, water scarcity, charging for water use
Child Advocacy Centers in the United States and Music Therapy
Authors: Blank Carol Ann
Published: November 2018

In the United States, children who suffer trauma or abuse receive services through Children’s Advocacy Centers (CACs). Over 800 CACs provided treatment and services to nearly 325,000 children in 2016 (National Children’s Alliance, 2016b).  CACs coordinate the work of multidisciplinary teams (MDT) including law enforcement, mental health, medical, and social service personnel to help children and families heal. CACs are autonomous groups made up of affiliations with many local agencies. This article provides a description of the National Children’s Alliance (NCA) standards for implementing treatment, including the state of music therapy implementation in CACs. The literature has shown that music therapy can be helpful to address needs of children and families who have experienced trauma, suggesting that this may offer a helpful treatment modality in CACs. However, music therapy is rarely available in CACs. This may be, in part, a result of the lack of randomized controlled trials, a key determining factor for inclusion in the annotated bibliography that accompanies the NCA Standards (National Children’s Alliance, 2013). Music therapy practice has addressed the clinical needs of children and teens who have been abused. This work is often presented in clinical reflections, not randomized controlled trials. Music therapy is currently not included in the treatment modalities utilized by CACs because of a perceived lack of evidence base. This article attempts to synthesize the information available to provide CACs with the current state of research in music therapy with children who have been abused. This article also provides music therapists with a depth of information about the structure and function of CACs, including a synthesis of the NCA Standards of Practice. The article presents a description for the implementation of music therapy services in a CAC in New Jersey and includes recommendations for music therapists who wish to seek out opportunities for clinical practice at CACs
Humanistic Music Therapy in the Child Welfare
Authors: Nebelung Ingeborg , Stensæth Karette
Published: November 2018

Music therapy has for a long time been associated with humanistic values, both among music therapists but more and more also among people outside the field. Do we all have a common understanding of what humanistic music therapy is? The point of departure in this paper is the development of a new Norwegian residential care unit for adolescents in child welfare services. Those responsible for this unit have included a music therapist, because they want to base the enterprise and its activities upon the values they associate with music therapy. This paper asks: What is “humanistic music therapy” and how might its perspectives correlate with the visions and ideas of the leaders of a child welfare institution? A literature review will assess the critical understanding of the concept of humanistic music therapy, in order to understand its unbiased and foundational values. Semi-structured interviews with the unit’s initiators will describe their visions and hopes for the development of the care unit with regard to humanistic music therapy. By correlating the findings from the literature review and the interviews, the paper describes aspects that might contribute to a common ground of understanding for the music therapist and the workers in the unit, which in turn might contribute to personal growth and health promotion among the adolescents and their community.
Music Therapy in a Parent-Child Reunification Program
Authors: Guerriero Angela , Blank Carol Ann
Published: November 2018

Families separated due to abuse and neglect may experience compounded stress, and neglect in childhood may have negative effects on children’s resilience and development (Jacobsen, 2017; Pasiali, 2012).  Music therapy can address the needs of these families seeking reunification, however the process for implementing treatment requires the collaboration of social service agencies, funders, and service providers.  This article describes two different implementations of a music therapy group within a reunification program, the clinical and contextual challenges to implementation, and the benefits to the families. (Übersetzung: Josephine Geipel )
Musical Ripples and Reflections
Authors: Stuart Karyn
Published: November 2018

Music therapy is a valuable tool for working with vulnerable children who have experienced trauma and neglect, working intimately to draw out their playfulness and resilience, and create an experience of a safe and trusting relationship. In South Africa, with its overburdened social welfare systems and under-resourced communities who remain affected by poverty and unemployment, there is limited access to medical and psychological services. The South African foster care system aims to provide safety and security for vulnerable and at-risk children and youth, but it is often overwhelmed with the extent of the needs. This anecdotal story features professional and personal reflections and vignettes on the music therapy journey with a very withdrawn and isolated young boy at a place of safety in Cape Town. I, as music therapist, and his favourite red drum, accompanied Charlie through four months of weekly individual sessions, unlocking his Music Child (Nordoff-Robbins 1977). Sessions shifted from isolated to interactive; from silent to communicative; from tentative to confident. Our music therapy journey continued, moving beyond the safe music therapy room to the unknown space of a new foster family through a home visit - an unusual occurrence in the context of community work in South Africa due to the limited psychological services available and the vast number of children in the social services systems. Collaborating with the social workers and the foster mother, I was able to visit Charlie at his new foster family’s house. The known and safe music therapy space expanded to include his foster mother and new foster siblings with whom he could share his newfound independence and confidence. The article describes music therapy’s role in ‘introducing’ Charlie to his new foster family and how it created musical connections, shared enjoyment and a sense of togetherness between them. I, as his music therapist, followed where he, the music and the context led, as reflected in the notion of community music therapy described by Ansdell (2002b). Although the focus is on the story of Charlie’s music therapy journey, it highlights the benefit of the music therapy’s role in all aspects of foster care and the need for collaboration with social welfare systems in under-resourced communities in South Africa.
You and Whose Army?
Authors: Lewis Mark A.
Published: November 2018

Glioblastoma multiforme is a feared diagnosis. In light of the recent passing of Senator John McCain, this narrative presents the easy comparison of this class of cancer to an enemy deserving of the most aggressive combat, as well as the tremendous courage required of those fighting the battle.
Farklı Uygulamaların Akademik Başarı Bağlamında Çoklu Karşılaştırılması
Authors: BATDI Veli , ANIL Özgür
Published: November 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı
farklı uygulamaların akademik başarıyı ne düzeyde etkilediğini ortaya
çıkarmaktır. Bu bağlamda farklı uygulamaların fen bilgisi öğretimindeki
kullanımına ilişkin meta-analiz; akıllı telefon kullanımının fen bilgisi
öğretmen adaylarının akademik başarısına etkisine ilişkin deneysel uygulama ile
tematik analize başvurulmuştur. Meta-analiz kapsamında farklı veri tabanları
taranarak dâhil edilme ölçütlerine göre 20 çalışma analize dâhil edilmiştir.
Veriler CMA ve MetaWin programlarıyla
analiz edilmiştir. Deneysel uygulama amacıyla 2016-2017 akademik yılında Kilis
7 Aralık Üniversitesi fen bilgisi öğretmenliği 3. Sınıf öğrencileri arasından
seçilen 35 öğrenciye akıllı telefonla öğretim sağlanmış ve hazırlanan akademik
başarı testinin ön test ve son test uygulaması yapılmıştır. Veriler SPSS
programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Tematik analiz kapsamında maksimum çeşitliliğe
göre seçilen 21 öğrenciye görüşme formu uygulanarak veriler Maxqda-11
programıyla içerik analizine uygun çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın her üç
boyutunda ulaşılan bulgular farklı uygulamaların ve akıllı telefonların
akademik başarıya etkisinin pozitif ve anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna
ilişkin araştırma sonunda çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Jeomanyetik Fırtınaların Pilotların Kognitif Durumlarına Etkileri Üzerine Hipotez
Authors: GÖKER Ümit Deniz
Published: November 2018

Pilotlar

gibi bilişsel (kognitif) yeteneği gelişmiş, hareketlerinde kuvvetli bir

kararlılığa sahip ve görevinde ya da tehlikeli durumlarda izleyeceği doğru

adımları bilmesi gibi sinirsel uyarımlarını etkileyen tüm bilişsel ve kişilik

(personality) psikolojisi testlerinin tamamını başarıyla geçmiş kişilerde

organik süreçler kusursuz işlemektedir. Havacılık Psikolojisi, uçuşun uçuş

personeli ve yolcular üzerindeki fiziksel ve zihinsel etkileriyle ilgilenen

bilim dalıdır. Belli dönemlerde dünya manyetosferinin düzenini bozucu etkiye

sahip olan jeomanyetik fırtınalar gibi astronomik olaylar, bu organik süreçler

üzerinde halsizlik, keyifsizlik ve sebebi belli olmayan bölgesel baş ağrıları,

hareket fonksiyonlarında düzensizlik,

denge bozukluğu, kalpte enfarktüs,

nöbet durumları ve sinir sistemine

bağlı ruhsal bozukluklar gibi negatif

etkilere sebep olacaktır. Bu makalede, jeomanyetik fırtınalarla ilgili önceki

çalışmaların verdiği sonuçlar ile nörofizyolojik araştırma sonuçlarından yola

çıkarak, jeomanyetik fırtınaların etkisinin beyin ve sinir sisteminde yapması

beklenen hasarlar belirtilmiştir. Bu etkilerin incelendiği laboratuvarların

Türkiye’de kurulması halinde olası yapılabilecek psikolojik ve medikal

deneylerin uygulama yöntemleri de makalede ayrıca verilmiştir. Yüksek

enlemlerde uçan pilot ve uçuş ekibi, jeomanyetik fırtınanın etkisini birebir

yaşayacaktır; hâlbuki Türkiye gibi orta enlemlerde hava taşıtı kullanan pilot

ve uçuş ekibinin ancak laboratuvar ortamında test edilerek, bu etkilere

verdikleri tepkiler ölçülebilir. Bahsi geçen bu deneylerin havacılık psikolojisi

literatüründe ilk kez uygulanacak olması nedeniyle de bu hipotez ayrı bir önem

taşımaktadır.
Liderlik Tarzı ile Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi: Bir Özel Eğitim Kurumunda Uygulama
Authors: KURUŞCU Mehmet , AYDOĞAN Sefer
Published: November 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yöneticinin liderlik tarzının çalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ile ilişkisinin

belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi

kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni bir özel eğitim

kurumunda çalışan öğretmenlerden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem büyüklüğü

295’tir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular kapsamında; dönüşümcü liderlik ile

örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ve tüm boyutları arasında zayıf düzeyde anlamlı

ve pozitif ilişki olduğu; etkileşimci liderliğin koşullu ödüllendirme boyutu

ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ve sivil erdem dışındaki boyutları arasında

zayıf düzeyde anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki olduğu, sivil erdem boyutu ile ise arasında anlamlı

bir ilişki bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile, yöneticinin liderlik tarzı ve

çalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ilişkisinin eğitim sektöründe bir özel eğitim kurumunda test

edilmesi ile alanyazına katkı sağlanmaktadır.

Uygulayıcılar açısından, çalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışını artırma

kapsamında, en fazla katkı yapan liderlik tarzının bilinmesi sayesinde, doğru liderlik tarzını uygulamanın önemli

olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
Topoğrafik, meteorolojik ve klimatolojik faktörlerin Afyonkarahisar şehrindeki hava kirliliği üzerine etkileri
Authors: YAZICI Hakkı , KOCA Nusret , EKİZ Evren
Published: November 2018

Sanayi devrimi ile birlikte enerji elde etmek için kömür ve petrol gibi doğal kaynaklar çok fazla kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Nitekim 1900 yılında dünya enerji tüketiminde kömürü oranı % 98 civarında idi. Bu durum zamanla havanın kirlenmesine yol açmış ve 1950’li yıllarda Avrupa ve Amerika’nın bazı kentlerinde toplu ölümler yaşanmıştır. Buna karşı birtakım önlemler alınmış olmasına rağmen, hızlı nüfus artışına bağlı olarak doğal kaynak tüketiminin artması nedeniyle atmosfere salıverilen karbonlu, kükürtlü ve azotlu gazlar ile partiküler maddelerde önemli artışlar olmuştur. Bu durumun başta iklim olmak üzere canlı ve cansız tüm varlıklar üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olmaktadır.  Dünyanın birçok kentinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’nin bazı kentlerinde de kış aylarında hava kirliliği değerleri yükselmektedir. Bu kentlerden birini de Afyonkarahisar şehri oluşturmaktadır. Nitekim Afyonkarahisar’da kış mevsiminin bazı günlerinde kükürt dioksit ve partiküler madde miktarları sınır değerleri aşabilmektedir. Bu durum Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün 2016 yılı ölçümlerini esas alarak yayınlamış olduğu raporda da görülmektedir. Bu raporda, Avrupa’nın havası en kirli 10 kentinden 8’inin Türkiye’de olduğu ve bu kentler arasında Afyonkarahisar 7’nci sırada yer almaktadır. Kentteki konutların yarıdan fazlasının jeotermal ve doğalgaz gibi temiz enerji kaynakları ile ısınmasına rağmen kirlilik değerlerinin yüksek çıkması, kirliliğin sadece kullanılan yakıtın cinsi ile ilgili olmadığını göstermektedir. Nitekim atmosferdeki kirletici konsantrasyonunun artmasında veya azalmasında meteorolojik, klimatolojik ve topoğrafik özelliklerin de çok önemli etkileri vardır. Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar şehrinde kış aylarında havadaki kirlilik konsantrasyonunun artışına neden olan başlıca çevresel faktörler incelenmiştir. Dünyanın birçok kentinde olduğu gibi Türkiye
kentlerinde de kış aylarında hava kirliliği değerleri yükselmektedir. Bu
kentlerden birini de Afyonkarahisar oluşturmaktadır. Nitekim Afyonkarahisar’da
kış mevsiminin bazı günlerinde kükürt dioksit ve partiküller madde miktarları
sınır değerleri aşabilmektedir. Bu durum Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün 2016 yılı
ölçümlerini esas alarak yayınlamış olduğu raporda da görülmektedir. Bu raporda,
Avrupa’nın havası en kirli 10 kentinden 8’inin Türkiye’de olduğu ve bu kentler arasında
Afyonkarahisar’ın 7’nci sırada yer aldığı belirtilmektedir (www.dunya.com). Kentteki
konutların yarıdan fazlasının jeotermal ve doğalgaz gibi temiz enerji
kaynakları ile ısınmasına rağmen kirlilik değerlerinin yüksek çıkması,
kirliliğin sadece kullanılan yakıtın cinsi ile ilgili olmadığını
göstermektedir. Nitekim atmosferdeki kirletici konsantrasyonunun artmasında
veya azalmasında meteorolojik, klimatolojik ve topoğrafik özelliklerin de çok
önemli etkileri vardır. Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar
şehrinde kış aylarında havadaki kirlilik konsantrasyonunun artışına neden olan
başlıca çevresel faktörler incelenmiştir.
Instilling Critical Pedagogy in the Italian Language Classroom
Authors: Formato Giuseppe
Published: November 2018

This article explores theoretical underpinnings for the use of critical pedagogy in the Italian language learning classroom. Its description of various components of critical theory lends a historical context for critical pedagogy, particularly in the arguments of Gramsci and the Frankfurt School, that contrast with positivist tenets. These critical elements extend to the classroom in a Freirian framework, including concepts such as banking, coding, and conscientization. Such lenses apply to the realm of foreign language teaching, particularly aspects of transformative learning. Issues surrounding materials design are also considered. Avenues and opportunities for critical thinking are explored through lesson plan ideas, as well as possible thematic unit topic suggestions in Italian courses. This paper concludes with questions for future research by language scholars in the field of education, in addition to a call to action for educators of Italian.
Fostering Narrative Post-writing through Authentic Designed Learning Objects
Authors: Caro María C. , Parra Diana A.
Published: November 2018

One of the challenges language teachers face is how to engage learners to empower their writing skills. Teacher’s feedback is a key feature when developing writing, but it seems not to be effective when learners remain having the same difficulties. It is imperative to examine pedagogical actions for motivating and tackling learners post writing difficulties. This action research study states a new alternative in which students autonomously learn and experience strategies to become better writers. The analysis focused on the influence that the process writing approach, focalized on the monitoring strategy of the post-writing stages, and the implementation of authentic designed learning objects (LOs) had on young adult learners’ short narrative compositions. Outcomes indicate that students improved their writing since the tasks responded to their cognitive and affective profiles. Findings also suggested that the PRWRITE LOs clearly guided learners in the developmental process of writing. Students perceived those technological tools as interesting, applicable and motivating for their learning. This pedagogical experience promotes the design of innovative tools based on learners’ needs and goals, which motivate and engage them in an improving process.
Differentiating Instruction in the Language Learning Classroom: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications
Authors: Ortega Diego P. , Cabrera Johanna M. , Benalcázar Jhonny V.
Published: November 2018

Differentiated instruction (DI) is a topic that has attracted the attention of in-service and pre-service teachers, teacher educators and educational authorities in the last few decades, because of its great importance and several different affordances for better student learning. In this sense, this article attempts to provide content-area, classroom teachers and English language teachers with a solid understanding of what DI entails by learning about its key characteristics and fundamental reasons for the use of DI within the classroom context. Moreover, the importance behind modifying content, process, and product is not only analyzed in this paper but also the value of adjusting the learning environment is examined as well. Then a brief narrative of a teaching situation in an EFL context is highlighted in order to set the stage and explain the necessity of the implementation of a DI model into the classroom, so that students can experience meaningful and successful language learning. Afterwards, practical applications, based on meaningful and varied ways to differentiate instruction are included, so that language teachers find it easier to help students achieve learning standards. It is concluded that DI helps teachers be responsive to leaners’ needs, interests, ability and language proficiency levels, and learning styles, as DI puts students at the center of teaching and learning, promotes equity and academic excellence, and acknowledges student uniqueness.
Conjunctive Adverbials in Chinese ESL Postgraduates’ Expository Writing
Authors: An Xuehua , Xu Mingying
Published: November 2018

Conjunctive adverbials perform important cohesive and connective functions in discourse. Logically linking sentences into paragraphs and paragraphs into an essay might impose great challenge for ESL learners. This paper investigated the use of conjunctive adverbials in the expository writings of Chinese postgraduate students. Learner corpus of 365 pieces of writings was compiled for analysis. The findings indicated that the participants tended to use additive and sequential types of linking adverbials than adversative and causal types. The results also showed that the students relied more heavily on a limited set of conjunctive adverbials and were not aware of the writing registers.
The Students’ Needs in Maritime English Class at Ami Aipi Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Aeni Nur , Jabu Baso , Rahman Muhammad A. , Ismail Hamid , Bin-Tahir Saidna Z.
Published: November 2018

This paper reports the students’ needs in developing a GME instructional course with the following research questions: 1) What is the present level of students’ oral communication apprehension? 2) What are the students’ needs (the learning and the language needs) in learning General Maritime English? The research was conducted at the Akademi Maritim Akademi Indonesia AIPI Makassar. There were 150 students of the nautical department in the academic year 2016-2017 as the primary subjects of this research. The researchers administered questionnaires, conducted interviews and observed exams to collect the data. The results found that the students’ level of oral communication apprehension was high, based on the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS). It was also found that there was a high demand for materials that could prepare the students to have good communication skills, in order to be equipped to work in international maritime industries. Most of the students assumed that the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in English are crucial, but they placed productive skills (writing and speaking) as their highest priority. It is concluded that the results of this investigation should be taken into account in developing teaching and learning materials for maritime academy students.
Communicative Activities in Saudi EFL Textbooks: A Corpus-driven Analysis
Authors: Khateeb Ahmad Al , Almujaiwel Sultan
Published: November 2018

This paper investigates the speaking and communication tasks in EFL textbooks in Saudi Arabia by means of corpus analysis. This analysis explores the extent to which the speaking tasks provided in Saudi EFL textbooks are communicatively incompetent, and is important due to the unsatisfactory, limited levels achieved by many learners of English at most educational stages, specifically primary, intermediate, and secondary. The reason for the poor oral skills among many EFL learners is due to the absence of authentic language learning tasks in a wide range of situations. The techniques used to detect the range of communicative tasks are based on sketching and retrieving the n-grams of in pairs and the verbal collocates say, talk, tell, ask, and discuss in a span of n = 2 ≤ ≥ 2. The experimental analysis driven from the intended textbooks shows that speaking tasks lack reasonable distributions of everyday communication examples and speaking/communicative situations.
A Study on the Improvement of English Writing Competence for College Students
Authors: Zeng Xiu
Published: November 2018

English writing has long been viewed as a challenge to most Chinese college students because of their weak language foundation, limited expanse of ideas and inadequate targeted practice for the production of satisfactory written work. Attention has constantly been directed to the low efficiency in the writing teaching. By adopting some widely used approaches, this paper tries to explore efficient ways to integrate writing into the whole process of English learning and teaching. The focus of this paper is put on the suggested solutions to writing problems and the improvement in the efficiency of English writing learning and teaching.
Interpretation of Humor between Chinese and Americans from the Angle of Culture in Friends
Authors: Dai Jing , Liu Qi’ang
Published: November 2018

Humor is a kind of language art that permeates every corner of people’s life. It can relieve pressure, regulate atmosphere and it is an important tool for interpersonal communication. However, due to different cultures, interpretation of humor between Chinese and Americans has their own characteristics. In recent years, researches on humor have mainly been done from the psychological and sociological perspectives. In the guidance of Nida’s classification of culture, this thesis makes a contrastive study of interpretation of humor between Chinese and Americans by analyzing the fragments of humor in Friends. It aims at helping to interpret different humors between Chinese and Americans, thus promoting cultural exchanges and interpersonal communication.
An Investigation of the Impact of Task Complexity on ESL Learners’ Spoken Language Performance
Authors: Hassanein Amir A. , Abu-Ayyash Emad A. S.
Published: November 2018

This study investigates the multiple effects of task complexity on language performance and production in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms. Through its qualitative design, the present study aims to gain well-founded insights about the potential influence the degree of task complexity has on actual oral productions by ESL learners. In particular, this study construed how the increasing task complexity affected students’ oral production. Given that ‘oral production’ is a notion that involves an intricate web of variables, the present study sought to come to grips with three major components of oral production, which are fluency, vocabulary and grammar. The researchers used the IELTS speaking band descriptor to benchmark the learners’ productions. In essence, the study sought to answer three research questions: 1) What is the impact of task complexity on the quality of high achievers’ and mid achievers’ speech production?, 2) What is the relationship, if any, between learners’ language proficiency and their performance in monologic and dialogic tasks?, and 3) Does increasing the cognitive complexity of the task impact oral language performance? The findings revealed that high achievers’ grammar, lexical resource and fluency aligned variably with the task complexity, whereas the three elements dropped markedly among mid-achievers.
Studi lapangan variabel iklim rumah vernakular pantai dan gunung dalam menciptakan kenyamanan termal adaptif
Authors: Hermawan Hermawan
Published: November 2018

Microclimate variables are one of the variables that affect adaptive thermal comfort. The microclimate variables are air temperature, solar radiation temperature, air humidity and wind speed. In this study the discussion of microclimate variables is specific to air temperature and air humidity. This is based on other studies which mention that the most influential climate variables are air temperature and humidity. This research is a field study that will compare air temperature and humidity in coastal and mountain areas. Measurements are carried out in 3 seasons, namely the dry season to rain, the rainy season and the rainy season to the dry season. Measurement of air and humidity temperature variables in two rooms in the building and outside space and terrace. The results of the study show that there are significant differences between coastal and mountain dwellings. This difference is related to adaptive thermal comfort through thermal sensation. Thermal sensation results show that the location of the mountain is that most residents feel cool, while at the beach location, the residents are mostly comfortable or neutral.
REGULATORY CHOICES OF RUSSIAN AN D UKRAINIAN LEGISLATORS IN CONSUMER CREDITS: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Molodyko Kirill
Published: November 2018

Russia and Ukraine have recently adopted complex statutes on consumer credit. Ukraine, unlike Russia, declared the aim of the new act, inter alia, harmonization of the legislation with international and EU standards. Prior to enactment, both countries had a fragmentary regulation of few aspects of consumer credit in general consumer protection laws. I consider peculiarities of the elimination of the contract disproportion of debtor and creditor rights in contracts on consumer credit under new Russian and Ukrainian regulations from a comparative perspective. EU law does not regulate some important issues covered by Russian and Ukrainian legislations, e.g. priority of payments. On the contrary, some useful concepts, which are applicable to consumer loans under EU law, like “linked credits,” “open-end agreements” are absent in both Russian and Ukrainian laws. While comparing new Russian and Ukrainian consumer credit statutes, it is clear that in some aspects the Ukrainian one is pro-consumer, and in some other aspects the Russian one is more pro-consumer. Some provisions of both Russian and Ukrainian consumer credit statutes are very controversial and unclear; in some instances they could lead to debt slavery, so they must be corrected in the future.
Culto do lúdico, heteronímia e espírito do lugar em Mário Cláudio / Worship of the playful, heteronomy and spirit of the place in Mario Cláudio
Authors: Machado Álvaro Manuel
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Análise do romance Tiago Veiga – uma biografia, a partir de uma reflexão sobre o imaginário do espaço portuense e minhoto, concentrada predominantemente na metáfora da casa. Palavras-chave: imaginário; ficção portuguesa contemporânea; Mário Cláudio.Abstract: Analysis of the novel Tiago Veiga – a biography, based on the consideration of the imaginary that the regions of Porto and Minho carry, focused mainly on the metaphor of the house.Keywords: Imaginary; Contemporary Portuguese Fiction; Mario Claudio.
Entrevista a Mário Cláudio
Authors: Martins José Cândido De Oliveira
Published: November 2018

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Considerações sobre a infância em Herberto Helder e Andrei Tarkovski / Remarks About Childhood in Herberto Helder and Andrei Tarkovski
Authors: Guida Mariana Pereira
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Neste texto pretendo ler, na direção de Andrei Tarkovski, e assistir, na poética de Herberto Helder, a infância enquanto categoria virtual e ampla que dialoga com a materialidade das imagens que se articulam no poema/filme. Para tanto, parto da leitura de Gilles Deleuze (1985, 2006) do cinema, tomando os conceitos da imagem-movimento e da imagem-tempo como recursos operacionais tanto do fazer poético como do fazer fílmico e desenvolvo, a partir desta última, uma reflexão sobre as configurações da infância no texto “Estilo” de Os Passos em Volta (1963) e no poema VI de “Elegia Múltipla” (1961), de Helder, bem como no filme A Infância de Ivan (1960), de Tarkovski. A hipótese que coloco aqui, portanto, é que tanto em Tarkovski como em Helder a tópica da infância instauraria esta instância distanciada de totalidade da obra que contém em si o acesso ao sentido, a impropriedade substancial que Nancy (2014) atribui ao poético.Palavras-chave: Herberto Helder; Tarkovski; Infância; Tempo.Abstract: In this text, I intend to read, in the direction of Andrei Tarkovski, and to watch, in the poetry of Herberto Helder, childhood as a virtual and broad category that dialogues with the materiality of the images connected in the poem / movie. For this, I start from Gilles Deleuze’s (1985, 2006) reading of cinema, using the concepts of image-movement and image-time as operational of both poetic and cinematographic creation and, through the latter, I develop a reflection on the configurations of childhood in the text “Style” of the The Steps Around (1963) and in the poem VI of “Multiple Elegy” (1961), both of Helder, as well as in Tarkovski’s movie Ivan’s Childhood (1960). The hypothesis I put here, therefore, is that in both Tarkovski and Helder the motif of childhood would establish this instance distanced from the totality of the work that contains in itself the access to meaning, the substantial impropriety that Nancy (2014) attributes to the poetic.Keywords: Herberto Helder; Tarkovski; Childhood; Time.
Resenha do livro Real Mente de Fernando Jorge Oliveira
Authors: Souza Cláudia Franco
Published: November 2018

Trata-se de uma resenha do livro do autor português Fernando Jorge Oliveira, cujo título é Real Mente.
PESSOA, Fernando. Escritos sobre metafísica e arte. Organização, introdução e notas de Cláudia Franco Souza e Nuno Ribeiro. Editora UFMG: Belo Horizonte, 2017. 129 p.
Authors: Carvalho Tiago Cabral Vieira de
Published: November 2018

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Os naufrágios de Camões (Mário Cláudio): os passos perdidos do poeta(?) / Os naufrágios de Camões (Mário Cláudio): the lost steps of the poet(?)
Authors: Arnaut Ana Paula
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Partindo da reescrita do que poderão ter sido os últimos anos da vida do poeta Luís de Camões, e recuperando algumasreferências já nossas conhecidas de Tiago Veiga. Uma biografia, Mário (re)constrói um universo em que encena um mundo possível onde se esbatem as fronteiras entre realidade e ficção, entre verdade histórico-literária e imaginação, num jogo que contamina o romance com traços do que Brian Richardson classifica como narrativa não natural.Palavras-chave: Os Lusíadas; realidade; ficção;narrativa não natural.Abstract:Based on the rewriting of what may have been the last years of the life of the poet Luís de Camões, and recovering some of our already known references fromTiago Veiga. A biography, Mário Cláudio (re)constructs a universe in which he stages a possible world that erases and plays with the boundaries between reality and fiction, between historical-literary truth and imagination, thus contaminating the novel withtraces of what Brian Richardson classifies as unnatural narrative.Keywords: Os Lusíadas; reality; fiction; unnatural narrative.
A representação do fantástico maravilhoso na literatura de Mário Cláudio / The wonderful fantastic representations in the literature of Mário Cláudio
Authors: Alves Daniel Vecchio
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Neste estudo, observa-se que a representação do maravilhoso fantástico fundamentada pelo imaginário de heróis, prodígios e bestiários contribui para o grande questionamento histórico-sociológico que por essência constitui parte da produção literária de Mário Cláudio: a alienante existência da humanidade que a distancia de sua essência plural e, conseqüentemente, de sua essência criativa. Nessa estratégia de representação, o fantástico maravilhoso que atua sobre o imaginário da tripulação de personagens de Mário Cláudio é significativa em termos de memória e identidade porque implica, sobretudo, um reposicionamento historiográfico, pelo viés cultural do tratamento de episódios históricos, um reposicionamento literário, pela forma complexa que sua narrativa manifesta tais imaginários, e, por último, um reposicionamento sociológico, pelo alto teor crítico em que a presente imagem da mentalidade da nação é colocada, pois tudo se passa como se muitos de seus personagens fossem cegos, acostumados ao pequeno e imaginário mundo que os circunda.Palavras-chave: Portugal; imaginário; narrativa; história.Abstract: In this study, is observed that the representation of the fantastic fantastic based on the imaginary of heroes, prodigies and bestiaries contributes to the great historical-sociological questioning that is essentially part of the literary production of Mário Cláudio: the alienating existence of humanity that at distance its plural essence and, consequently, its creative essence. In this strategy of representation, the marvelous acting on the imagery of the character crew of Mário Cláudio is significant in terms of memory and identity because it mainly implies a historiographical repositioning, the cultural bias of the treatment of historical episodes, a literary repositioning , by the complex form that his narrative manifests such imaginaries, and, finally, a sociological repositioning, by the high critical content in which the present image of the mentality of the nation is put, since everything happens as if many of its personages were blind, accustomed to the small and imaginary world that surrounds them.Keywords: Portugal; imaginary; narrative; history.
Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı
Authors: Türk Seren
Published: November 2018

ÖZET

Akılcı ilaç kullanımını
(AİK); doğru tanı ve tedavi yöntemi belirlenmesi şartıyla, en etkili (en güçlü), en güvenilir (toksisite, yan etkiler),
hastaya en uygun (kontrendike
durumlar; karaciğer, böbrek yetmezliği, hamile, geriatri ve pediatrik ilaç
kullanımı, diyabet gb.) ve en düşük maliyeti
olan ilacın belirlenmesi olarak tarif edebiliriz. Akılcı
olmayan ilaç kullanımı, hem sağlığımızı hem de ekonomimizi ciddi şekilde tehdit
etmektedir. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelebilmenin tek yolunun; altta yatan
nedenlerin iyi bilinmesi ve bu nedenlerin ortadan kaldırmak için ciddi
adımların atılması olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu nedenle hazırlamış olduğumuz
bu çalışmada; AİK’nın ne olduğu, AİK ilkeleri, akılcı olmayan ilaç kullanımı,
AİK’nın önemi ve sonuçları, bazı
çalışmalar, akılcı antibiyotik kullanımı, polifarmasi ile sonuç ve önerileri
kapsayan AİK konusunu geniş bir kapsamda sunduk.
Glukoz-6-Fosfat Dehidrogenaz Enzim Aktivitesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: ÖĞÜŞ Elmas , KUŞ Mehmet Sezai
Published: November 2018

Amaç: Glukoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz (G6PD) eksikliği, dünyada en çok rastlanan eritrosit enzim eksikliğidir. Ülkemizde özellikle Akdeniz bölgesinde görülen hemolitik anemilerin en sık nedenidir. Enzim eksikliği olan hastaların çoğunda klinik belirti yoktur. Ancak alyuvarlarda oksidatif hasara yol açan ilaçlar, enfeksiyonlar, bakla yenmesi, yenidoğan dönemi gibi nedenlerle hemolitik tablo gelişir. Çalışmamızda G6PD enzim aktivitesi ve kinetik özelliklerini araştırmak amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: G6PD enzim aktivitesi floresan spot testi ile kalitatif olarak ve kantitatif olarak ölçülen G6PD eksikliği olan bir kan örneği ve bir kontrol kan örneğinde kısmi enzim saflaştırması yapılarak kinetik özellikleri karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Enzim eksikliği bulunan kan örneğinde kalitatif olarak floresans gözlenmedi. G6PD eksikliği olan örnekte kantitatif olarak ölçülen enzim aktivitesi kontrole göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Kısmen saflaştırılan hasta G6PD enziminin G6P ve NADP için Km ve Vm değerleri normal enzime göre daha düşük bulundu. Hasta enziminin diğer kinetik özellikleri; normal enzime oranla alkalen pH’da daha yüksek aktivite, substrat benzerlerini daha yüksek oranda kullanabilme ve daha düşük termostabilite idi.Sonuç: Halk sağlığı ve koruyucu hekimlik açısından G6PD enzimi eksikliği hastanın tanısı ve izlenmesinde önem taşır.
The first golden hour of breastfeeding: where do we stand?
Authors: Bollipo Suneetha , Pagali Deepthi , Korrapolu Harsha B. , Rahman Mohammed Abdul
Published: November 2018

Background: Breastfeeding is the corner stone of child survival, nutrition and development and maternal health. The World Health Organization recommends that all neonates be breastfed within one hour of birth. Early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) is a sentinel indicator for successful breastfeeding. The aim of this study is to assess the practice of early initiation of breastfeeding among babies delivered in our tertiary care teaching unit and to list out the reasons for delay in implementation.Methods: This study is done on 409 postnatal mothers who delivered in our hospital. All the mother-baby dyads enrolled were interviewed within 12 hours of delivery. Data was collected through clinical records and interview of mothers.Results: EIBF is seen only in 19.8% of babies. Median time of initiation of breast feed is 110 minutes. Primiparous mothers had a delay in initiation of feed (p<0.01). The mothers who received practical support from health care providers had successful EIBF(p< 0.01). The main reasons for delay in feeding were lack of early, uninterrupted skin to skin contact between baby and mother and the separation of mother - baby dyads immediately after delivery.Conclusions: EIBF rate in our centre is extremely low compared to the national standards of 44.6%. Several gaps in EIBF need to be addressed and a strict institutional protocol need to be followed. Periodic review of EIBF rates needs to be done by every institute to achieve a global target of > 90%.
Study of HbA1C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in relation to diabetic retinopathy in Indian population
Authors: S. Lokesh , S. Shivaswamy
Published: November 2018

Background: In the recent years diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide with potential to develop vascular and neuropathic complications. HbA1c has got an important role in monitoring the treatment and risk of developing micro and macrovascular complications. Present study is done to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in association with raise in HbA1c and also to correlate the severity of Diabetic retinopathy with the levels of HbA1c.Methods: In this descriptive observational study 50 diabetes mellitus patients with visual disturbances who attended the Department of General medicine and Department of Ophthalmology between January 2012 to December 2012 at Vydehi institute of medical sciences and research centre are selected. All the patients were subjected to the relevant investigations along with dilated retinal examination and slit lamp examination. The results were tabulated according to the severity of retinopathy and other clinical variables.Results: In this study majority of the patient were in the age group of 61-70 years and 68% were male patients. Mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 9.8±5.34 years. Also 54% of them had coexisting hypertension. Present study showed the presence of diabetic retinopathy in 64% of patients, out of which 24% of them had mild DR and 14% had moderate DR.Conclusions: Present study showed as the HbA1c level increases severity of the diabetic retinopathy also increases. And also, patients who had microalbuminuria and longer the duration of diabetes higher the chances of microvascular complications. Hence HbA1c can be used as a useful tool to assess the long-term control of diabetes mellitus and hence the development of diabetic retinopathy.