bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longizonitis, a new nemognathine genus from the Himalayas (Coleoptera, Meloidae)
Authors: Pan Zhao , Ren Guodong , Bologna Marco A.
Published: June 2018

The new blister beetle genus Longizonitis Pan and Bologna is described. The genus is referred to the tribe Nemognathini, subfamily Nemognathinae, and its relationships are briefly discussed. It is distributed in southern China (Yunnan, SE Xizang, and probably Fujian) and India (Uttarakhand), in a transitional area between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. The type species, Longizonitissemirubra (Pic, 1911), comb. n., is re-described and illustrated.
Total Record
Authors: Helleu Guillaume , Masure Anthony
Published: June 2018

Le protocole Bitcoin (2009) s’inscrit dans le prolongement des utopies crypto-anarchistes visant à développer une monnaie numérique sécurisée et distribuée sur le réseau Internet pour échapper à la centralisation du pouvoir par les banques et les gouvernements. Récupérées en grande partie par la finance spéculative, ces technologies à chaînes de blocs ( blockchain ) se sont progressivement développées et dépassent désormais largement le champ monétaire (applications distribuées, contrats intelligents, jetons de valeurs, etc.). Malgré la persistance de certains freins sociaux et techniques, les protocoles blockchain pourraient-ils prendre de vitesse la logique destructrice du capitalisme financier ?
Réévaluer la valeur pour sortir du capitalisme
Authors: Massumi Brian , Querrien Anne
Published: June 2018

Cet article présente des extraits des 99 thèses sur la réévaluation de la valeur . Un manifeste post-capitaliste, à paraître à Duke University Press en 2018. Il suggère qu’il est temps de redéfinir la notion même de valeur. Aux yeux de beaucoup, la valeur a été disqualifiée comme un concept trop compromis et trop englué dans un corset normatif et trop complice des puissances capitalistes pour mériter d’être réhabilité. Cette attitude a seulement conduit à abandonner la valeur aux marchands de normativité et aux apologistes de l’oppression économique. Mais la valeur est trop précieuse pour être abandonnées à de telles mains.
Variations d’intensité
Authors: Bisson Frédéric
Published: June 2018

Cet article est une réplique à Tristan Garcia, qui a développé une critique de l’idéal moderne de la « vie intense ». La défense de l’intensité consiste à en penser la logique sur un exemple. Le rock sert ici d’expérience cruciale pour départager les deux conceptions rivales de l’intensité. La critique de Garcia repose en effet sur une opposition indue entre identité et intensité. Le mode d’existence phonographique des œuvres rock réfute cette opposition. L’article s’efforce ensuite de tirer les conséquences éthiques de cette nouvelle conception logique de l’intensité.
La démocratie comme enquête et comme forme de vie
Authors: Laugier Sandra
Published: June 2018

La notion de forme de vie se retrouve aujourd’hui dans des contextes théoriques divers – Théorie critique, Wittgenstein, biopolitique, étude des styles et anthropologies de la vie. Elle permet de penser de nouvelles formes de critique et d’éthique dans un monde touché par le changement global et la radicalisation des inégalités sociales, sanitaires et environnementales. Au-delà de la vulnérabilité des formes de (la) vie humaine, apparue en situations de désastre ou de dénuement, le concept de formes de vie s’est également développé à l’articulation du social et de la vie pour décrire les diverses façons de faire inventivité et créer de nouvelles formes de vie. Cette présentation vise à rendre compte de la transformation en cours que signale cet usage dans des domaines tels le travail, la critique sociale ou l’innovation démocratique et les lieux où s’expérimentent de nouvelles formes de vie démocratique.
La critique comme forme de vie démocratique
Authors: Ferrarese Estelle
Published: June 2018

L’actualité bouillonnante de l’idée de formes de vie a accouché de tentatives multiples de conceptualiser la démocratie comme forme de vie. Cet article met en évidence certains écueils de cette réflexion en train de s’ébaucher, en particulier l’accent placé sur les enjeux de connaissance de la démocratie, la primauté conférée à l’idée de règle pour penser les institutions, et le retour à la vertu comme ressort de la démocratie. Il défend, par opposition, une conception de la démocratie comme permettant et exigeant la critique de la ou des forme(s) de vie instituée(s).
Complementary Alternative and Integrative Treatment for Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Van Kanegan Gail , Worley Julie
Published: June 2018

Complementary alternative and integrative medicine (CAIM) modalities are increasingly sought after by patients with chronic health conditions such as substance use disorders (SUDs). Evidence suggests that CAIM interventions can improve symptoms commonly seen in patients with SUDs, such as stress, anxiety, depression, and pain. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), such as meditation, has proven effective for a variety of conditions, including SUDs. Other CAIM strategies, such as manipulative body practices and healing energy medicine techniques, are also showing some evidence of effectiveness. These methods center on the concept of restoring balance to energy fields or acupoints on the body, including chakras and meridians. Nurses are in an ideal position to educate, administer, and teach patients these CAIM methods to integrate with traditional medical care. Resources to learn CAIM methods can be accessed online, and specialized certification in this field is also available. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(6), 16–21.]
Assessment of the relative catch performance of hake, red mullet and striped red mullet in a modified trawl extension with T90 netting
Authors: Sola Iván , Maynou Francesc
Published: June 2018

We studied the relative catch performance of a modified trawl fitted with an extension piece using a 90º turned mesh (T90) in comparison with a standard trawl net used in NW Mediterranean bottom trawl fisheries employing a diamond mesh net. The comparison was made by means of paired experimental hauls using the same fishing vessel with alternate deployments of the standard net (control) and the experimental net. We used the catch comparison approach for three target species of the fishery: European hake, red mullet and striped red mullet. Our results show that the experimental net significantly reduces the catches of small-size hake and red mullet (though there was no discernible difference for striped red mullet), reducing unwanted catches of regulated species under the Landings Obligation. The overall catch rates of hake, pooled over all sizes, also increased by an estimated 50%, while the catch rates of red mullet and striped red mullet were significantly lower. However, considering all commercial species, the experimental net produced losses of commercial catch and income estimated at 17% and 18%, respectively, which may pose a barrier to the adoption of this relatively simple, inexpensive solution.
Reconstructing discards profiles of unreported catches
Authors: Leitão Francisco , Baptista Vânia , Erzini Karim
Published: June 2018

In Portugal it has been estimated that unreported catches represent one third of total catches. Herein, information on landings and total unreported catches (discards) by commercial métier were disaggregated into high taxonomic detail using published scientific studies. Fish accounted for 93.5% (115493 t) of overall unreported catches per year, followed by cephalopods (2345 t, 1.9%) and crustaceans (1754 t, 1.4%). Sharks accounted for 1.3% of total unreported catches in weight (1638 t/y). Unreported taxa consisted mostly of the commercial landed fish species: Scomber colias, Boops boops, Trachurus picturatus, T. trachurus, Merluccius merluccius, Sardina pilchardus, Liza aurata and Micromesistius poutassou, which together accounted for 70% of the unreported discarded catches. The number of unreported/discarded species was highest in artisanal fisheries, followed by trawl and purse seine. In artisanal fisheries, L. aurata, S. colias, S. pilchardus, Trachinus draco and B. boops accounted for 76.4% of the unreported discards. B. boops, S. colias and S. pilchardus were also among the most discarded purse seine species, together with Belone belone accounting for 79% of the unreported catches. In trawl fisheries, T. picturatus (16%), M. merluccius (13%), S. colias (13%) and M. poutassou (13%) accounted for 55% of the trawl discarded unreported catches. The discarded species that most contribute to overall unreported catches are those that are most frequently landed and that most contribute to overall landings in weight.
Chronique de droit des discriminations (octobre 2016-mars 2017)
Authors: Chassang Céline , Domenach Jacqueline , Dumortier Thomas , Langlais Claire , Roccati Marjolaine , Sweeney Morgan , Touillier Marc
Published: June 2018

Cette cinquième édition de la chronique de droit des discriminations couvre la période du 1er octobre 2016 au 31 mars 2017. Elle rend compte de l’actualité législative et jurisprudentielle relative aux discriminations durant cette période.
Facilitating Collaboration
Authors: Lazareva Aleksandra , Munkvold Bjørn Erik
Published: June 2018

This article explores the potential synergy between computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) and collaboration engineering (CE). Both areas pursue the goal of understanding how to manage interactions in collaborative groups to achieve shared understanding, reduce process losses, and improve performance. By analyzing the research in the two areas, the authors identify several topics where exchange of research findings would be of mutual benefit. For example, research on CE can inform collaboration script research on reducing learners' cognitive load, providing sufficient guidance on the use of tools, and specifying the instructor role during the collaborative learning process. Similarly, collaboration script research can provide useful insights to CE on the appropriation and internalization of effective support strategies. CE research could also learn from script research on training group participants into specific roles. Further challenges include designing scripts that balance restrictiveness and flexibility and refining the theoretical foundation of the two research areas.
Digital Native Students
Authors: Yong Su-Ting
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences among digital native students in mathematics learning and gaming. A quantitative dominant mixed methods approach was employed in which quantitative surveys [174 students] and qualitative interviews [eight students, eight parents and six teachers] were administered concurrently. Data collected has revealed that students are characterized as digital natives and do not portray a significant gender gap in technology usage. Nevertheless, males and females tend to demonstrate their digital native characteristics differently. Males are more likely to play computer games and acknowledge the many benefits of gaming. Moreover, boys have better spatial skills and they are more confident in mathematics. While females still lag behind males in spatial abilities and mathematics confidence in the past, digital native females are not helping to close the gender gap. Essentially, girls could play more computer games to strengthen their spatial abilities.
Measuring Reduction Methods for VR Sickness in Virtual Environments
Authors: Magaki Takurou , Vallance Michael
Published: June 2018

Recently, virtual reality (VR) technologies have developed remarkably. However, some users have negative symptoms during VR experiences or post-experiences. Consequently, alleviating VR sickness is a major challenge, but an effective reduction method has not yet been discovered. The purpose of this article is to compare and evaluate VR sickness in two virtual environments (VE). Current known methods of reducing VR sickness were implemented. To measure VR sickness a validated simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) was undertaken by the subjects (n=21). In addition, subjects wore a customized biological sensor in order to evaluate their physiological data by measuring responses in three kinds of natural states and two kinds of VR experience states. This quantitative data, as objective evaluations according to the biological responses, is analyzed and considered alongside subjective qualitative evaluations according to the SSQ. The outcomes and limitations of the reduction methods and data collection are discussed.
Is it enough to put yourself in another’s shoes? Thoughts about the relationship between empathy and prosocial behavior
Authors: Pizzi Eleonora
Published: June 2018

Empathy is the ability to understand another one’s mental states in terms of emotions and thoughts. In the pubblic mind, often, this skill is directly related to the ability to act in a prosocial, or moral, way. Clinical literature shows us that some neural deficits and psychological disorders can actually cause a significant lack of empathic ability and therefore the implementation of socially maladaptive behaviours, even criminal. However, there are also some diagnostic categories characterised by failure to “put yourself in another’s shoes”, but patients don’t usually act in an antisocial way; then, not all the criminals meet the criteria for psychiatric diagnosis. So, the question is: only low levels of empathy leads to antisocial behaviours? And if so, does therapeutic interventions for empathic skill entail moral enhancement? The present work aim to answer to all those issues through a multilevel and cross-discilplinary analysis of psychology, neurosciences and philosophy literature.
Evaluation of the Use of Fly Ash as a Low Cost Technology for Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Matsubara Milena Emy , Coelho Lúcia Helena Gomes
Published: June 2018

“Pozzolan” is a slag from the burning of coal in power plants which has the potential to assist as a low-cost adsorbent for wastewater treatment. The excess of Phosphorus (P) in the environment can promote chemical pollution and harm ecosystems, especially water. It is therefore necessary to implement inexpensive techniques and processes for the efficient treatment of water and wastewater. In this context, this study evaluated the use of the pozzolanic fly ash material for P removal from wastewater for the development of low-cost treatment technologies for environmental restoration and remediation of water resources. The treatment systems were developed in batch configuration. The removal tests from a synthetic sample with a known concentration of P reached a maximum of 30% removal in concentration, even varying the pH and performing different treatments of the pozzolanic material. This low removal efficiency of Phosphorus led to a comparative test between different lots of pozzolan in order to verify if the results obtained were characteristic of the material itself or of the lot obtained. Also the P adsorption isotherms were constructed with the two lots achieving adsorption capacities from 0.87 mg g-1 to 74 mg g-1. This difference indicates that the low P removal efficiency in the preliminary tests is due to the characteristics of the substrate of the first lot. Tests on a real effluent using the pozzolan from the second sample lot indicated a 99% efficiency of P removal, with an initial concentration of Phosphorus in the effluent of 5.5 mg L-1.
Statistical properties of quadratic polynomials with a neutral fixed point
Authors: Avila Artur , Cheraghi Davoud
Published: June 2018

We describe the statistical properties of the dynamics of the quadratic polynomials

P_\alpha(z)=e^{2\pi \alpha \mathbf{i}} z+ z^2

on the complex plane, with

\alpha

of high type. In particular, we show that these maps are uniquely ergodic on their measure-theoretic attractors, and the unique invariant probability is a physical measure describing the statistical behaviour of typical orbits in the Julia set. This confirms a conjecture of Pérez–Marco on the unique ergodicity of hedgehog dynamics, in this class of maps.
On an open problem about $\pi$-quasi-$\mathfrak{F}$-groups
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhang Li , Huang Jianhong
Published: June 2018

Let

\mathfrak{F}

be a class of finite groups,

p

a prime and

\pi

a set of some primes. A finite group

G

is called a

p

-quasi-

\mathfrak{F}

-group (respectively, by

\pi

-quasi-

\mathfrak{F}

-group) provided that for every

\mathfrak{F}

-eccentric

G

-chief factor

H/K

of order divisible by

p

(respectively, by at least one prime in

\pi

), the automorphisms of

H/K

induced by all elements of

G

are inner. In this paper, we obtain the characterizations of

p

-quasi-

\mathfrak{F}

-groups and

\pi

-quasi-

\mathfrak{F}

-groups, which give a positive answer to an open problem in the book [3].
Ventura Rodríguez y la capilla de San Pedro de Alcántara
Authors: Montes Serrano Carlos
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Santa María del Mar en su contexto
Authors: Millán Gómez Antonio
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
"La efigie cabal del recuerdo". El arquitecto ante al hecho fotográfico
Authors: Gómez-Blanco Pontes Antonio J.
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Sobre los resortes de la ideación arquitectónica
Authors: Casado de Amezúa Vázquez Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Definición y enseñanza del arte de proyectar y construir edificios
Authors: Goycoolea Prado Roberto
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Friedrich Froebel y las gramáticas de forma
Authors: Monedero Javier
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Anotaciones al concepto de arquitectura oblicua en los tratados españoles
Authors: Esteve Secall Carlos E.
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
El análisis de formas libres en arquitectura a partir de la generación digital de superficies. La cubierta de Ronchamp
Authors: De Mesa Gisbert Andrés , Regot Marimón Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Cine, arquitectura y representación
Authors: Galán Hergueta Aurora
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Conocimiento y lenguaje en el ámbito de los arquitectos
Authors: Úbeda Mansilla Paloma
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La geometría en el proceso de restauración: anastilosis de arcosolios en el cementerio medieval de San Juan del Hospital de Valencia
Authors: López González Concepción , García Valldecabres Jorge
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Reseñas de libros
Authors: Parra Bañón José Joaquín , Galán Aurora , Chías Navarro Pilar , Franco Taboada José Antonio , Casado de Amezúa Vázquez Joaquín , Linares García Fernando , Verd Herrero Antonio , González Presencio Mariano , Llopis Verdú Jorge , De Villota Rocha Isidro , Maestre Ramón , Seguí Javier , Linares García Fernando , Carazo Eduardo
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Las casas reales de la Alhambra. Unas notas sobre el proceso de formación del espacio
Authors: Casado de Amezúa Vázquez Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Conversando con...EDUARDO SOUTO DE MOURA
Authors: Giménez Ribera Manuel , Costa Hugo
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La forma de la tierra: expedición para medir un grado del arco de meridiano en el virreinato del Perú (1735-1744)
Authors: De San Antonio Gómez Carlos
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La academia de San Luca, Vignola y el dibujo
Authors: Martínez Mindeguía Francisco
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Reseñas de libros
Authors: Millán Antonio , Verd Antonio , De San Antonio Gómez Carlos , Grijalba Bengoetxea Alberto , Rabasa Díaz Enrique , Linares García Fernando , García-Gutiérrez Mosteiro Javier , Casado de Amezúa Vázquez Joaquín , Llopis Verdú Jorge , Ruiz de la Rosa José Antonio , Calvo López José , Parra Bañón José Joaquín , Pozo José Manuel , Javary Adrien , Piquer Cases Juan Carlos , Puebla Juan , Jiménez Caballero Inmaculada
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Nihon no Hosomichi. Sendas de Japón. Una aproximación no convencional a la arquitectura japonesa actual
Authors: Franco Taboada José Antonio
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Polémicas berlinesas. Representaciones en la obra de Mies van der Rohe, años veinte
Authors: Millán Gómez Antonio
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Dos proyectos para el auditorio Manuel de Falla. Análisis comparado
Authors: Gómez Blanco Antonio J. , Acale Sánchez Fernando
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Dibujo, imagen y arquitectura. Notas sobre el inicio del proceso gráfico del proyecto en Aalto y Miralles
Authors: Bigas Vidal Montserrat , Bravo Farré Luis
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Tres monteas escurialenses
Authors: López Mozo Ana
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Análisis y reconstrucción virtual del Palacio Real de Valencia, (1239-1810). Desde la planta de Vicente Gascó de 1761 a los planos de Manuel Cavallero de 1802, resultados de la investigación gráfica
Authors: Piquer Cases Juan Carlos
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La acuarela y la arquitectura. Diálogo entre la pasión y la razón
Authors: Báez Mezquita Juan Manuel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Arquitectura y dibujo, nostalgias y desmentidos
Authors: Otxotorena Juan M.
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Métodos y procesos para el levantamiento de reconstrucción tridimensional gráfica de elementos del patrimonio cultural. La iglesia de Sant Sever de Barcelona
Authors: De Mesa Gisbert Andrés , Regot Marimón Joaquín , Núñez Andrés Mª Amparo , Buill Pozuelo Felipe
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La plaza de toros de Villena
Authors: Gutiérrez Mozo Elia
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Las preexistencias estructurales en los interiores de las torres árabes de las alquerías valencianas. Hipótesis sobre la formación de bóvedas de cañón
Authors: Rodríguez Navarro Pablo
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Aportaciones al colorido de la modernidad "Made in Italy": Piero Bottoni y la gradación cromática que nunca fue
Authors: Serra Lluch Juan , García Codoñer Ángela , Llopis Verdú Jorge
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Louis I. Kahn y la Casa Solar. 1945-1947
Authors: Galván Desvaux Noelia
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Trazados gráficos en la fábrica de la Catedral de Sevilla. Del siglo XV al XIX
Authors: Bravo Bernal Ana María
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Ideación y virtualidad: una introducción al espacio-tiempo virtual en la ideación
Authors: García Quesada Rafael
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Modernism in Scandinavia
Authors: Ashby Charlotte
Published: June 2018

Scandinavia is a region associated with modernity: modern design, modern living and a modern welfare state. This new history of modernism in Scandinavia offers a picture of the complex reality that lies behind the label: a modernism made up of many different figures, impulses and visions. It places the individuals who have achieved international fame, such as Edvard Munch and Alvar Aalto in a wider context, and through a series of case studies, provides a rich analysis of the art, architecture and design history of the Nordic region, and of modernism as a concept and mode of practice.

Scandinavian Modern addresses the decades between 1890 and 1970 and presents an intertwined history of modernism across the region. Charlotte Ashby gives a rationale for her focus on those countries which share an interrelated history and colonial past, but also stresses influences from outside the region, such as the English Arts and Crafts movement and the impact of emergent American modernism. Her richly illustrated account guides the reader through key historical periods and cultural movements, with case studies illuminating key art works, buildings, designed products and exhibitions.
Assessment of Pollution-Health-Economics Nexus in China
Authors: Xia Yang , Guan Dabo , Meng Jing , Li Yuan , Shan Yuli
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Serious haze can cause contaminant diseases that trigger productive labour time by raising mortality and morbidity rates in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Health studies rarely consider macroeconomic impacts of industrial interlinkages while disaster studies seldom involve air pollution and its health consequences. This study adopts a supply-driven input-output model to estimate the economic loss resulting from disease-induced working time reduction across 30 Chinese provinces in 2012 using the most updated Chinese Multiregional Input-Output Table. Results show total economic loss of 398.23 billion Yuan (~1 % of China's GDP in 2012) with the majority comes from Eastern China and Mid-South. Total number of affected labourers amounts at 82.19 million. Cross-regional economic impact analysis indicates that Mid-South, North China and Eastern China entail the majority of regional indirect loss. Indeed, most indirect loss in North China, Northwest and Southwest can be attributed to Manufacturing and Energy in other regions while loss in Eastern China, Mid-South and Northeast largely originate from Coal and Mining in other regions. At the sub-industrial level, most inner-regional loss in North China and Northwest originate from Coal and Mining, in Eastern China and Southwest from Equipment and Energy, and in Mid-South from Metal and Non-metal. These findings highlight the potential role of geographical distance in regional interlinkages and regional heterogeneity in inner- and outer-regional loss due to distinctive regional economic structures and dependences between the North and South.
Design, construction and commissioning of the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel
Authors: Bansmer Stephan E. , Baumert Arne , Sattler Stephan , Knop Inken , Leroy Delphine , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Jurkat-Witschas Tina , Voigt Christiane , Pervier Hugo , Esposito Biagio
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Beyond its physical importance in both fundamental and
climate research, atmospheric icing is considered as a severe operational
condition in many engineering applications like aviation, electrical power
transmission and wind-energy production. To reproduce such icing conditions
in a laboratory environment, icing wind tunnels are frequently used. In this
paper, a comprehensive overview on the design, construction and commissioning
of the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel is given. The tunnel features a test
section of 0.5 m × 0.5 m with peak velocities of up to
40 m s−1. The static air temperature ranges from −25 to
+30 ∘C. Supercooled droplet icing with liquid water contents up to
3 g m−3 can be reproduced. The unique aspect of this facility is
the combination of an icing tunnel with a cloud chamber system for making ice
particles. These ice particles are more realistic in shape and density than
those usually used for mixed phase and ice crystal icing experiments. Ice water contents up to 20 g m−3 can be generated. We further show
how current state-of-the-art measurement techniques for particle sizing are
performed on ice particles. The data are compared to those of in-flight
measurements in mesoscale convective cloud systems in tropical regions.
Finally, some applications of the icing wind tunnel are presented.
Extinction and Optical Depth Retrievals for CALIPSO's Version 4 Data Release
Authors: Young Stuart A. , Vaughan Mark A. , Garnier Anne , Tackett Jason L. , Lambeth James B. , Powell Kathleen A.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite has been making near-global height-resolved measurements of cloud and aerosol layers since mid-June 2006. Version 4.10 (V4) of the CALIOP data products, released in November, 2016, introduces extensive upgrades to the algorithms used to retrieve the spatial and optical properties of these layers, and thus there are both obvious and subtle differences between V4 and previous data releases. This paper describes the improvements made to the extinction retrieval algorithms and illustrates the impacts of these changes on the extinction and optical depth estimates reported in the CALIPSO lidar level 2 data products. The lidar ratios for both aerosols and ice clouds are generally higher than in previous data releases, resulting in generally higher extinction coefficients and optical depths in V4. A newly implemented algorithm for retrieving extinction coefficients in opaque layers is described and its impact examined. Precise lidar ratio estimates are also retrieved in these opaque layers. For semi-transparent cirrus clouds, comparisons between CALIOP V4 optical depths and the optical depths reported by MODIS collection 6 show substantial improvements relative to earlier comparisons between CALIOP version 3 and MODIS collection 5.
Seasonal variability of atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere: meteor radar data and simulations
Authors: Pokhotelov Dimitry , Becker Erich , Stober Gunter , Chau Jorge L.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Thermal tides play an important
role in the global atmospheric dynamics and provide a key mechanism for the
forcing of thermosphere–ionosphere dynamics from below. A method for
extracting tidal contributions, based on the adaptive filtering, is applied
to analyse multi-year observations of mesospheric winds from ground-based
meteor radars located in northern Germany and Norway. The observed seasonal
variability of tides is compared to simulations with the Kühlungsborn
Mechanistic Circulation Model (KMCM). It is demonstrated that the model
provides reasonable representation of the tidal amplitudes, though
substantial differences from observations are also noticed. The limitations
of applying a conventionally coarse-resolution model in combination with
parametrisation of gravity waves are discussed. The work is aimed towards the
development of an ionospheric model driven by the dynamics of the KMCM.
Deglacial permafrost carbon dynamics in MPI-ESM
Authors: Schneider von Deimling Thomas , Kleinen Thomas , Hugelius Gustaf , Knoblauch Christian , Beer Christian , Brovkin Victor
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We have developed a new module to calculate soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation in perennially frozen ground in the land surface model JSBACH. Running this offline version of MPI-ESM we have modelled permafrost carbon accumulation and release from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the Pre-industrial (PI). Our simulated near-surface PI permafrost extent of 16.9 Mio km2 is close to observational evidence. Glacial boundary conditions, especially ice sheet coverage, result in profoundly different spatial patterns of glacial permafrost extent. Deglacial warming leads to large-scale changes in soil temperatures, manifested in permafrost disappearance in southerly regions, and permafrost aggregation in formerly glaciated grid cells. In contrast to the large spatial shift in simulated permafrost occurrence, we infer an only moderate increase of total LGM permafrost area (18.3 Mio km2) – together with pronounced changes in the depth of seasonal thaw. Reconstructions suggest a larger spread of glacial permafrost towards more southerly regions, but with a highly uncertain extent of non-continuous permafrost. Compared to a control simulation without describing the transport of SOC into perennially frozen ground, the implementation of our newly developed module for simulating permafrost SOC accumulation leads to a doubling of simulated LGM permafrost SOC storage (amounting to a total of ~ 150 PgC). Despite LGM temperatures favouring a larger permafrost extent, simulated cold glacial temperatures – together with low precipitation and low CO2 levels – limit vegetation productivity and therefore prevent a larger glacial SOC build-up in our model. Changes in physical and biogeochemical boundary conditions during deglacial warming lead to an increase in mineral SOC storage towards the Holocene (168 PgC at PI), which is below observational estimates (575 PgC in continuous and discontinuous permafrost). Additional model experiments clarified the sensitivity of simulated SOC storage to model parameters, affecting long-term soil carbon respiration rates and simulated active layer depths. Rather than a steady increase in carbon release from the LGM to PI as a consequence of deglacial permafrost degradation, our results suggest alternating phases of soil carbon accumulation and loss as an effect of dynamic changes in permafrost extent, active layer depths, soil litter input, and heterotrophic respiration.
Extratropical cyclone statistics during the last millennium and the 21st century
Authors: Raible Christoph C. , Messmer Martina , Lehner Flavio , Stocker Thomas F. , Blender Richard
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Extratropical cyclones in winter and their characteristics are investigated in depth for the Atlantic European region, as they are responsible for a significant part of the rainfall and extreme wind and/or precipitation-induced hazards. Here, we use a seamless transient simulation with a state-of-the-art fully-coupled Earth System Model from 850 to 2100 CE as basis for the analysis. The RCP8.5 scenario is applied in the 21st century. During the Common Era, cyclone characteristics show pronounced variations on interannual and decadal time scales, but no external forcing imprint is found prior to 1850. Thus, variations of extratropical cyclone characteristics are mainly caused by internal variability of the coupled climate system. When anthropogenic forcing becomes dominant in the 20th century, a decrease of the cyclone occurrences mainly over the Mediterranean and a strong increase of extreme cyclone-related precipitation become detectable. The latter is due to thermodynamics as it follows the Clausius-Clapeyron relation. An important finding, though, is that the relation between temperature and extreme cyclone-related precipitation is not always controlled by the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, which suggests that dynamical processes can play an important role in generating extreme cyclone-related precipitation – for example in the absence of anomalously warm background conditions. Thus, the importance of dynamical processes, even on decadal time scales, might explain the conundrum that proxy records suggest enhanced occurrence of precipitation extremes during rather cold periods in the past.
Global vegetation variability and its response to elevated CO2, global warming, and climate variability – a study using the offline SSiB4/TRIFFID model and satellite data
Authors: Liu Ye , Xue Yongkang , MacDonald Glen , Cox Peter , Zhang Zhengqiu
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The climate regime shift during the 1980s had a substantial impact on the terrestrial ecosystems and vegetation at different scales. However, the mechanisms driving vegetation changes, before and after the shift, remain unclear. In this study, we used a biophysical-dynamic vegetation model to estimate large-scale trends in terms of carbon fixation, vegetation growth, and expansion during the period 1958–2007, and to attribute these changes to environmental drivers including elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (hereafter eCO2), global warming, and climate variability (hereafter CV). Simulated Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Gross Primary Product (GPP) were evaluated against observation-based data. Significant spatial correlations are found (correlations > 0.87), along with regionally varying temporal correlations of 0.34–0.80 for LAI and 0.45–0.83 for GPP. More than 40 % of the global land area shows significant trends in LAI and GPP since the 1950s: 11.7 % and 19.3 % of land has consistently positive LAI and GPP trends, respectively; while 17.1 % and 20.1 % of land, saw LAI and GPP trends respectively, reverse during the 1980s. Vegetation fraction cover (FRAC) trends, representing vegetation expansion/shrinking, are found at the edges of semi-arid areas and polar areas. Overall, eCO2 consistently contributes to positive LAI and GPP trends in the tropics. Global warming is shown to mostly affected LAI, with positive effects in high latitudes and negative effects in subtropical semi-arid areas. CV is found to dominate the variability of FRAC, LAI, and GPP in the semi-humid and semi-arid areas. The eCO2 and global warming effects increased after the 1980s, while the CV effect reversed during the 1980s. In addition, plant competition is shown to have played an important role in determining which driver dominated the regional trends. This paper presents a new insight into ecosystem variability and changes in the varying climate since the 1950s.
Assessing the impact of a future volcanic eruption on decadal predictions
Authors: Illing Sebastian , Kadow Christopher , Pohlmann Holger , Timmreck Claudia
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The likelihood of a large volcanic eruption in the future provides the largest uncertainty concerning the evolution of the climate system on the timescale of a few years, but also an excellent opportunity to learn about the behavior of the climate system, and our models thereof. So the following question emerges: how predictable is the response of the climate system to future eruptions? By this we mean to what extent will the volcanic perturbation affect decadal climate predictions and how does the pre-eruption climate state influence the impact of the volcanic signal on the predictions? To address these questions, we performed decadal forecasts with the MiKlip prediction system, which is based on the MPI-ESM, in the low-resolution configuration for the initialization years 2012 and 2014, which differ in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase. Each forecast contains an artificial Pinatubo-like eruption starting in June of the first prediction year and consists of 10 ensemble members. For the construction of the aerosol radiative forcing, we used the global aerosol model ECHAM5-HAM in a version adapted for volcanic eruptions. We investigate the response of different climate variables, including near-surface air temperature, precipitation, frost days, and sea ice area fraction. Our results show that the average global cooling response over 4 years of about 0.2 K and the precipitation decrease of about 0.025 mm day−1 is relatively robust throughout the different experiments and seemingly independent of the initialization state. However, on a regional scale, we find substantial differences between the initializations. The cooling effect in the North Atlantic and Europe lasts longer and the Arctic sea ice increase is stronger in the simulations initialized in 2014. In contrast, the forecast initialized in 2012 with a negative PDO shows a prolonged cooling in the North Pacific basin.
MOVEIM v1.0: Development of a bottom-up motor vehicular emission inventories for the urban area of Manaus in central Amazon rainforest
Authors: Teixeira Paulo R. , de Freitas Saulo R. , Correia Francis W. , Manzi Antonio O.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Emissions of gases and particulates in urban areas are associated with a mixture of various sources, both natural and anthropogenic. Understanding and quantifying these emissions is necessary in studies of climate change, local air pollution issues and weather modification. Studies have highlighted that the transport sector is key to closing the world’s emissions gap. Vehicles contribute substantially with the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC), particulate matter (PM), methane (CH4), hydroﬂuorocarbon (HFC) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Several studies show that vehicle emission inventories are an important approach to providing a baseline estimate of on-road emissions in several scales, mainly in urban areas. This approach is essential to areas with incomplete or non-existent monitoring networks as well as for air quality models. Conversely, the direct downscale of global emission inventories in chemical transport and air quality models may not be able to reproduce the observed evolution of atmospheric pollution processes at finer spatial scales. To address this caveat, we developed a bottom-up vehicular emission inventory along the 258 main traffic routes from Manaus, based on local vehicle fleet data and emission factors (EFs). The results show that the light vehicles are responsible for the largest fraction of the pollutants, contributing 2.6, 0.87, 0.32, 0.03, 456 and 0.8 ton/h of CO, NOx, CH4, PM, CO2 and NMHC, respectively. Including the emissions of motorcycles, buses and trucks, our total estimation of the emissions is 4.1, 1.0, 0.37, 0.07, 63.5 and 2.56 ton/h, respectively. We also noted that light vehicles accounted for about 62.8 %, 84.7 %, 87.9 %, 45.1 %, 71.8 %, and 33.9 % and motorcycles in the order of 32.3 %, 6.5 %, 12.1 %, 6.2 %, 14.8 %, 8.7 %, respectively. Nevertheless, we can highlight the bus emissions which are around 35.7 % and 45.3 % for NMHC and PM. Our results indicate a better distribution over the domain reflecting the influences of standard behavior of traffic distribution per vehicle category. Finally, this inventory provides more detailed information to improving the current understanding of how vehicle emissions contribute to the ambient pollutant concentrations in Manaus and their impacts on regional climate changes. This work will also contribute to improved air quality numerical simulations, provide more accurate scenarios for policymakers and regulatory agencies to develop strategies for controlling the vehicular emissions, and, consequently, mitigate associated impacts on local and regional scales of the Amazon ecosystems.
Intercomparison of different uncertainty sources in hydrological climate change projections for an alpine catchment (upper Clutha River, New Zealand)
Authors: Jobst Andreas M. , Kingston Daniel G. , Cullen Nicolas J. , Schmid Josef
Published: June 2018

Abstract. As climate change is projected to alter both temperature and precipitation,
snow-controlled mid-latitude catchments are expected to experience
substantial shifts in their seasonal regime, which will have direct
implications for water management. In order to provide authoritative
projections of climate change impacts, the uncertainty inherent to all
components of the modelling chain needs to be accounted for. This study
assesses the uncertainty in potential impacts of climate change on the
hydro-climate of a headwater sub-catchment of New Zealand's largest catchment
(the Clutha River) using a fully distributed hydrological model (WaSiM) and
unique ensemble encompassing different uncertainty sources: general
circulation model (GCM), emission scenario, bias correction and snow model.
The inclusion of snow models is particularly important, given that (1) they
are a rarely considered aspect of uncertainty in hydrological modelling
studies, and (2) snow has a considerable influence on seasonal patterns of
river flow in alpine catchments such as the Clutha. Projected changes in
river flow for the 2050s and 2090s encompass substantial increases in
streamflow from May to October, and a decline between December and March. The
dominant drivers are changes in the seasonal distribution of precipitation
(for the 2090s +29 to +84 % in winter) and substantial decreases in
the seasonal snow storage due to temperature increase. A quantitative
comparison of uncertainty identified GCM structure as the dominant
contributor in the seasonal streamflow signal (44–57 %) followed by
emission scenario (16–49 %), bias correction (4–22 %) and snow
model (3–10 %). While these findings suggest that the role of the snow
model is comparatively small, its contribution to the overall uncertainty was
still found to be noticeable for winter and summer.
Recent trends of groundwater temperatures in Austria
Authors: Benz Susanne A. , Bayer Peter , Winkler Gerfried , Blum Philipp
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Climate change is one of if not the most pressing challenge modern society
faces. Increasing temperatures are observed all over the planet and the
impact of climate change on the hydrogeological cycle has long been shown.
However, so far we have insufficient knowledge on the influence of
atmospheric warming on shallow groundwater temperatures. While some studies
analyse the implication climate change has for selected wells, large-scale
studies are so far lacking. Here we focus on the combined impact of climate
change in the atmosphere and local hydrogeological conditions on groundwater
temperatures in 227 wells in Austria, which have in part been observed since
1964. A linear analysis finds a temperature change of +0.7 ± 0.8 K
in the years from 1994 to 2013. In the same timeframe surface air
temperatures in Austria increased by 0.5 ± 0.3 K, displaying a much
smaller variety. However, most of the extreme changes in groundwater
temperatures can be linked to local hydrogeological conditions. Correlation
between groundwater temperatures and nearby surface air temperatures was
additionally analysed. They vary greatly, with correlation coefficients of
−0.3 in central Linz to 0.8 outside of Graz. In contrast, the correlation
of nationwide groundwater temperatures and surface air temperatures is high,
with a correlation coefficient of 0.83. All of these findings indicate that
while atmospheric climate change can be observed in nationwide groundwater
temperatures, individual wells are often primarily dominated by local
hydrogeological conditions. In addition to the linear temperature trend, a
step-wise model was also applied that identifies climate regime shifts, which
were observed globally in the late 70s, 80s, and 90s. Hinting again at the
influence of local conditions, at most 22 % of all wells show these
climate regime shifts. However, we were able to identify an additional shift
in 2007, which was observed by 37 % of all wells. Overall, the step-wise
representation provides a slightly more accurate picture of observed
temperatures than the linear trend.
High-resolution diapycnal mixing map of the Alboran Sea thermocline from seismic reflection images
Authors: Mojica Jhon F. , Sallarès Valentí , Biescas Berta
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The Alboran Sea is a dynamically active region where the salty and warm Mediterranean water first encounters the incoming milder and cooler Atlantic water. The interaction between these two water masses originates a set of sub-mesoscale structures and a complex sequence of processes that entail mixing close to the thermocline. Here we present a high-resolution map of the diapycnal diffusivity around the thermocline depth obtained using acoustic data recorded with a high-resolution multichannel seismic system. The map reveals a patchy thermocline, with spots of strong diapycnal mixing juxtaposed with areas of weaker mixing. The patch size is of a few kilometers in the horizontal scale and of 10–15 m in the vertical one. The comparison of the obtained maps with the original acoustic images shows that mixing tends to concentrate in areas where internal waves, which are ubiquitous in the surveyed area, become unstable and shear instabilities develop, enhancing energy transfer towards the turbulent regime. These results are also compared with others obtained using more conventional oceanographic probes. The values estimated based on the seismic data are within the ranges of values obtained from oceanographic data analysis, and they are also consistent with reference theoretical values. Overall, our results demonstrate that high-resolution seismic systems allow the remote quantification of mixing at the thermocline depth with unprecedented resolution.