bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algılanan Kurumsal Destek, İşe Bağlı Gerginlik, Yaşam Tatmini İlişkisi
Authors: Tavlan Soydan Nurdanur
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada çalışanın kurumu tarafından desteklendiğine, takdir edildiğine, kurum için gösterdiği çabaların fark edilip ödüllendirileceğine ilişkin algı ve inançları temsil eden algılanan kurumsal desteğin, işe bağlı gerginlik ve yaşam tatmini üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın modeli ve hipotezler örgütsel destek teorisinden faydalanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada kullanılan algılanan kurumsal destek ölçeği için Eisenberger, vd., (1986) tarafından geliştirilen ölçeğin sekiz ifadeli kısa versiyonu kullanılmıştır. Bu versiyon için Dolma ve Dolma (2018) tarafından hazırlanan çevrimiçi/web tabanlı ve kâğıt–kalem ile uygulamaları bakımından ölçüm eşdeğerliliği/ölçüm değişmezliğinin test edildiği çalışmadan yararlanılmıştır. İşe bağlı gerginlik için House ve Rizzo (1972) tarafından geliştirilen altı ifadeli ve tek boyutlu ölçek, yaşam tatmini için ise Diener, vd., (1985) tarafından geliştirilen beş ifadeli tek boyutlu ölçek kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama aşamasında İstanbul’da eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmeti veren bir firmanın gönüllü desteği ile bu firmadan yüz yüze eğitim alan katılımcılara anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Katılımcılar İstanbul’da, plastik boru, elektronik, yazılım, tekstil ve kozmetik sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 17 kurumun çalışan beyaz yakalı çalışanlardan oluşmaktadır. Anketi cevaplayan toplam katılımcı sayısı 287’dir. Elde edilen verilerin tanımlayıcı istatistikleri için IBM SPSS programından, model testi ve tam yapısal eşitlik modeli için AMOS programından faydalanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre modelin verilerle uyumlu olduğu, algılanan kurumsal desteğin işe bağlı gerginlik üzerinde negatif, yaşam tatmini üzerinde pozitif yönlü etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.
Sorumlu Liderlik
Authors: Yıkılmaz İbrahim
Published: October 2023

Küresel ölçekte artan rekabet şartları örgütlerin etkinlik ve verimlilik kaygısını daha da arttırmaktadır. Bu durum değişimin sürekli ve paydaş beklentilerinin çeşitlenmesi ile daha da yönetilmesi güç bir hal almaktadır. Sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı paydaşların beklentilerinin  karşılanması ile doğrudan ilişkilenmekte, bu noktadaki talepler performansı doğrudan etkilemektedir. Ancak artan etik ihlaller, kötü yönetim uygulamaları, paydaşların özellikle kapsayıcı, çevresel ve sosyal konuları önceleyen, güven tesis eden sorumlu bir lider beklentisini arttırmaktadır. Sorumlu liderlik yaklaşımı bu noktada iç ve dış paydaşların şeffaflık, açıklık, çeşitliliği kucaklayan ve sürdürülebilirliği mümkün kılan bir post-modern yönetim anlayışı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Örgütlerin vizyonunun oluşumunda, çalışan bağlılığı ve pozitif örgüt ikliminin oluşumunda önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca sorumlu liderlik örgütün finansal ve genel performansı da arttırmaktadır. Bu kapsamda günümüz iç ve dış paydaşın beklentilerine cevap verecek ve sürdürülebilir yönetim uygulaması sunan sorumlu liderlik kitabın bu bölümünde ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle sorumlu liderlik kavramı ve etkileri birikmiş literatür kapsamında paylaşılmıştır. Sorumlu liderliğin uygulanmasına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Sorumlu liderliğe yönelik farkındalığın arttırılmasının örgütlerin sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı ve yönetim uygulaması açısından önemli olduğu değerlendirilmektedir.
Afet Yönetiminde Örgütsel Çevikliğin Önemi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Bilen Gül
Published: October 2023

Örgütsel çeviklik örgütün rekabet üstünlüğünü koruyabilmesi için çevresindeki değişimlere hızlı, etkin bir şekilde uyum sağlayabilme yeteneği olarak açıklanmaktadır (Olbert vd., 2017, s.). Örgütsel çeviklik kavramı özellikle son yıllarda dünyada yaşanan öngörülemeyen değişimlere karşı örgütlerin varlıklarını sürdürebilme mücadeleleri ile birlikte önem kazanmıştır. Afet yönetimi ise bireylerin çevrelerinde meydana gelen doğal ve beşeri afetlerden haberdar olmaları, afetler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları ve tekrarı durumunda afetlerden hiç etkilenmemelerine veya minimim düzeyde etkilenmelerine olanak tanıyan bir yönetim biçimidir (Erkal ve Değerliyurt, 2009, s.151). Afetler tahmin edilemeyen anlarda, beklenmedik hızlarla ani olarak ortaya çıkan olaylar oldukları için afet yönetimi noktasında örgütün her an hazır olabilmesi, değişime cevap verebilecek bir yapıya kavuşmasında etkili olan faktörlerden biri de çevikliktir. Sonuç olarak, afet yönetiminde açısından örgütsel çeviklik örgütün her duruma, risk ve tehlikelere karşı hazır olması örgütten talep edilen ihtiyaçlara hızlı bir şekilde cevap verebilecek esnek bir yapıya sahip olabilmesi yönüyle son derece önemli bir kavramdır. Bu kitap bölümünde afet yönetimi, örgütsel çeviklik kavramlarına, aralarındaki ilişkilere ve örgütsel çevikliğin afet yönetimi açısından önemine dair bilgiler verilecektir.
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Eğitim Yolculuğu: Öğretmenlerle Birlikte Geleceği Şekillendirme
Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu Mustafa Kemal
Published: October 2023

İnsanoğlu attığı adımların ve aldığı kararların doğaya ve canlı yaşamına olan etkilerine farklı şekillerde tanık olmaya devam ediyor. İklim değişikliği, doğal kaynakların tükenmesi, orman yangınları, su kaynaklarının azalması, toplumsal eşitsizlikler, gelir dağılımında dengesizlikler bunlardan sadece birkaçı. Ya şu an ortada olmayan ama gelecekte hayatımızın merkezine gelecek olan zorluklar? Onlarla nasıl mücadele edeceğiz? Ya da mücadele edebilecek miyiz? İnsanlar tüm bu zorluklar ve daha da fazlasının meydana gelmesinde etkili olduğu gibi engelleme konusunda da etkili olmalı ve önlemek için adımlar atmalıdır. Tüm bu zorluklarla başa çıkma ve gelecekte olabilecekleri engelleme konusunda toplumların eğitilmesi gereklidir. Gezegenin geleceğinde söz sahibi olacak bireylerin yetiştirilmesinde hem eğitime hem de eğitimcilere önemli sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Öğretmenler, öğrencilerini günlük yaşama ve geleceğe hazırlama noktasında öğretim ortamlarında teorik bilgilerin yanında öğrencilerin doğrudan aktif katılımlarının sağlanabileceği ders tasarımları planlamalıdır. Bu bölümde öğretmenlerin sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın toplum, çevre ve ekonomi boyutlarını dikkate alarak disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımla öğretim tasarımları yapmaları konusunda öneriler getirilmiştir.
Tarih Derslerinde Kullanılan Görsel Materyallerin Öğrenci Tutumuna Etkisi
Authors: Özdemir Kamuran
Published: October 2023

Ortaöğretimde okutulmakta olan tarih dersi, öğrencilere kültür ortamlarının ve medeniyetlerin farklılığı bilincini kazandırmak, öğrenilen fikirleri sorgulamak, görecelik kavramını kavramak, eleştiri becerisini kazanmak ve farklı kültürler bünyesinde evrenseli yakalama becerilerini geliştirmek gibi amaçlarla okutulmaktadır. Dersin işlenişinde kullanılan görsel materyaller bu amaçların olabilmesini sağlayan değişkenlerden biridir. Görsel materyallerin tarih araştırmalarında ve tarih öğretiminde önemli bir yeri vardır. Öğretimi ilginç ve etkili bir biçime dönüştüren görsel materyaller şu şekilde sıralanabilir: Resimler ve fotoğraflar, minyatürler, gravürler, karikatürler, haritalar, grafikler ve zaman şeritleri. Bu çalışmada, Ankara Merkez ve Yozgat Akdağmadeni taşra ortaöğretim kurumları olmak üzere deneysel uygulama sonrasında öğrencilerin tarih dersine yönelik tutum ve değerleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemli olan bu çalışmada deney ve kontrol gruplu deneme deseni uygulanmıştır. Deney grubunda ilgili konular tarihsel dokümanlar kullanılarak öğrenci merkezli yaklaşımla işlenirken, kontrol grubunda ise konular deney grubunda gösterilen materyallerin düz anlatımı yapılarak işlenmiştir. Uygulama süresince de deney grubuna görsel materyallerden oluşan dokümanlar kullanılarak ders işlenmiştir. Uygulama süreci sonunda ise deney ve kontrol grubuna “Tarih Dersi Tutum Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğe verilen cevaplar SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 21.0 programında değerlendirilmiştir. Tutum ölçeğindeki 20 maddenin güvenirliği alpha=0.909 olarak çok yüksek bulunmuştur. Yapılan Barlett testi sonucunda (p=0.000<0.05) faktör analizine alınan değişkenler arasında ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan test sonucunda (KMO=0.896>0,60) örnek büyüklüğünün faktör analizi uygulanması için yeterli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Faktör analizi sonucunda değişkenler toplam açıklanan varyansı %59.893 olan 4 faktör altında toplanmıştır. Ölçekte 20 maddeden oluşmuş ve Likert tipi şeklinde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan likert ölçek kişilerin verilen önermelerle ilgili görüşlerini belirlemesi için çok olumludan çok olumsuza kadar sıralanmıştır. Ölçek genel puanı ve faktör (boyut) puanları 5.00-1.00=4.00 puanlık bir genişliğe dağılmaktadır. Tutum ölçeği sonuçlarına göre deney grubu öğrenci tutumları daha olumludur. Taşra ve merkezde deney grubu öğrencilerinin tarih dersine yönelik tutumları benzerlik göstermektedir. Deney gruplarında taşra ve merkezde ki öğrenci tutumu kontrol grubu öğrenci tutumuna göre daha olumludur. Taşradaki deney ve kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin tutumları benzerlik göstermesine karşın merkezde bu durum deney grubu lehinedir.
Sağlık Bilimleri Alanında Uluslararası Araştırmalar-IV
Authors: Ekşi Cemre , Yavuz Muhammet Burak , Sarı Nichal , Şahin Özgür , Sarı Kardelen Banu , Can H. Yeşim , Akbulut Ahmet Alperen , Karaman Demirel Ayşenur , Çiprut Ayça , Ayhan Zuhal , Arıkan Halime , Öztürk Çağlayan Pınar , Çavdar Handan Çağlar , Yılmaz Ayşegül , Temel Aksu Neriman
Published: October 2023

Bu editöryal bilimsel kitap, sağlık bilimleri alanındaki çeşitli disiplinlerden gelen en son bilimsel araştırmaların zengin bir derlemesini sunuyor. Kitap, güncel ve önemli konulara odaklanarak, sağlıkla ilgili bir dizi önemli sorunu ele alıyor. Yazarlar, derinlemesine analizler ve yeni perspektifler sunarak okuyuculara sağlık bilimleri alanındaki en son gelişmeleri sunuyor. Bu kitap, sağlık profesyonelleri, araştırmacılar ve ilgili disiplinlerde çalışan herkes için kapsamlı bir kaynak olma özelliği taşıyor ve sağlık bilimlerine katkı sağlayacak önemli bir referans eser olarak öne çıkıyor.
Kadın Üreme Tıbbında Trombositten Zengin Plazma (PRP) Uygulamalarının Güncel Durumu
Authors: Şahin Özgür
Published: October 2023

Trombositten Zengin Plazma (PRP) tedavisi, çeşitli tıbbi alanlardaki uygulamaları nedeniyle son yıllarda büyük ilgi görmüştür. Başlangıçta sınırlı alanda doku onarımı ve yenilenmesine yardımcı olmak için kullanılan PRP'nin potansiyeli jinekolojiyi de kapsayacak şekilde genişlemiştir. Bu son teknoloji tedavi, cinsel işlev bozukluğundan idrar kaçırmaya kadar bir dizi jinekolojik sorunu ele almak için vücudun kendi iyileştirici özelliklerini kullanır. Bu bölüm, PRP'nin jinekolojide üreme tıbbında uygulamalarını inceleyerek, umut verici faydalarına ve mevcut durumuna ışık tutmaktadır.
Yaşlılıkta Obezite Fiziksel Aktivite Sağlık Politikalarında Sistematik İnceleme
Authors: Ayhan Zuhal
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, obezite durumunun ve fiziksel aktivitenin kendi başına yaşlanma sürecini etkileyebileceği incelenmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye ve dünyadaki araştırma sonuçları incelenerek kavramsal bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre yaşlı popülasyonlarda obezite ve mortalite arasında zayıf bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkarken, obezitenin riski yaşla birlikte arttığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Aynı zamanda obezitenin kardiyovasküler, tip 2 diyabet, dislipidemi, hipertansiyon ve mortalite için artan risklerle ilişkili olduğu iyi araştırmalarla ortaya konulmuştur. Yaşlı yetişkinler için sosyal politikalar içinde yer alan sağlık stratejileri geliştirilirken, fiziksel aktivitenin komorbiditeleri en aza indirmenin bir yolu olarak kabul edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Current Researches in Health Sciences-III
Authors: Baygutalp Fatih , Duysak Lale , Urhan Edip , Can H. Yeşim , Alkan Sevil , Sevik Ali Emre , Keskindağ Buse , Tosun Veysel , Depboylu Bengü , Karagür Ege Rıza , Alghazawi Fatimeh , Büyükşirin Bilge , Candiri Büşra , Arıkan Amine Nur , Çolak Sanem Can , Mehmetoğlu Feride , Kavak Ayşe Gülbin , Gördağ Merve , Uysal İ. İlknur , Bayraktar Aytül , Azami Nastaran , Dehghani Amirkasra , Aslan Elif Sibel , Eslamkhah Sajjad
Published: October 2023

This editorial scientific book brings together academic articles from various disciplines in the field of health sciences. It strives to address contemporary and significant topics, offering a rich compilation of the latest scientific research in the realm of health. Authors provide in-depth analyses and new perspectives, presenting readers with the most recent developments in the field of health sciences. This book serves as a comprehensive resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and anyone working in related disciplines, emerging as a prominent reference work that contributes to the field of health sciences.
Bacillus cereus Isolates Obtained from Food Used in Infant and Child Nutrition
Authors: Urhan Edip , Can H. Yeşim
Published: October 2023

In the present study, a total of 80 sample materials were used (30 powdered baby formulas, 25 jarred baby foods, and 25 cereal-based products). The isolation of Bacillus cereus from the samples was performed with the classical culture technique. The isolates were confirmed as B. cereus with PCR targeting the hemolysin gene. Emetic (ces) and diarrheal toxin genes (nhe, hbl, cytK) were detected by multiplex PCR in confirmed isolates.
As a result of the study, 62.5% (50/80) of the samples were found to be contaminated with B. cereus. B. cereus could not be detected in jarred baby foods. B. cereus was detected at 83.3% (25/30) and 100% (25/25) in powdered baby foods and cereal-based products, respectively. Thirteen (26%) of 50 isolates confirmed by PCR carried at least one gene responsible for toxin synthesis. Only nhe gene was found in three (6%) isolates, and nhe and cytK genes were found together in 10 (20%) isolates. It was found that none of the isolates had ces and hbl genes and all isolates were able to form hemolysis on blood agar and two isolates were psychrotrophic. In conclusion, the presence of enterotoxigenic and psychrotrophic B. cereus strains in powdered baby formulas and cereal-based products may be risky for infants and young children whose immune systems and intestinal microbiota are not fully developed.
Psychiatric Effects of Brucellosis: A Little-Known Aspect of an Ancient Disease
Authors: Alkan Sevil , Sevik Ali Emre
Published: October 2023

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations. This disease, which is endemic in Mediterranean countries including Turkey, is of interest to many specialties due to its multisystem involvement.  In this article, we aimed to investigate the lesser-known aspects of brucellosis by examining the psychiatric symptoms associated with this old and persistent disease, to review the published literature on a global level, and to reveal the contribution from our country. Beyond the physical burden of brucellosis, it is crucial to recognize and address the psychiatric effects that this disease can have on individuals.  By raising awareness about the psychiatric aspects of brucellosis, healthcare providers can implement comprehensive care strategies that encompass both physical and mental health support. Integrating psychiatric assessment, counseling and appropriate pharmacological interventions is essential to reduce the negative psychiatric impact of brucellosis and promote holistic recovery. Once understood primarily as a physical disorder, the potential impact of brucellosis on mental health is now recognized. The psychiatric effects of brucellosis can range from mood disorders and cognitive impairment to psychotic symptoms and sleep disturbances. Understanding the mechanisms and risk factors underlying these psychiatric symptoms is vital for developing effective interventions and providing holistic care. By shedding light on this often-overlooked aspect of brucellosis, medical professionals can improve patient outcomes and enhance the quality of life of those affected by this infectious disease.
The Importance of Non-vitamin K Antagonists (NOAC) in Their Current Use
Authors: Tosun Veysel
Published: October 2023

Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants are new drugs that are used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. There are 4 NOACs in use today; dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor, while rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban are Factor Xa inhibitors. NOACs can be used safely in AF patients, except for patients with moderate to severe rheumatic mitral stenosis, and metallic prosthetic valves. In studies where NOACs were evaluated in terms of effectiveness and safety, similar or better results were obtained with VKAs. With the new two antidotes (idaricuzimab and andexanet alfa) approved for use in NOAC-related bleeding, the potential for use of NOACs in patients with high bleeding risk is expected to increase.
MEMPOSISIKAN PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL SEBAGAI MAINSTREAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hulaifah
Published: October 2023

Dalam mencermati arah kebijakan sosial sebagai agenda mewujudkan kesejahteraan yang adil dan merata yang berorientasi pada manusia serasi dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang fokusnya adalah manusia dan kualitas kehidupannya baik sebagai individu maupun sebagai anggota masyarakat ke arah kemajuan dan perubahan sosial melalui proses pembangunan yang disebut kebijakan sosial. Kebijakan sosial merupakan ketetapan pemerintah yang dibuat untuk merespon isu-isu yang bersifat publik, yakni mengatasi masalah sosial atau memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat banyak diwujudkan dalam tiga kategori, yakni peraturan perundang-undangan, program pelayanan sosial, dan sistem perpajakan. Berdasarkan kategori ini, maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa setiap perundang-undangan, hukum atau peraturan di daerah yang menyangkut masalah dan kehidupan sosial adalah wujud dari kebijakan sosial, namun, tidak semua kebijakan sosial berbentuk perundang-undangan. (Suharto, 2005)

Melalui otonomi khusus di Aceh dalam mencapai kesejahteraan, maka dilakukanlah namanya pembangunan, proses untuk melakukan perubahan menuju peningkatan taraf hidup masyarakat, dari suatu keadaan dan kondisi kemasyarakatan tertentu kepada keadaan dan kondisi kemasyarakatan yang dianggap lebih baik atau lebih diinginkan. Siagian (1994) memberikan pengertian tentang pembangunan sebagai “suatu usaha atau rangkaian usaha pertumbuhan dan perubahan yang berencana dan dilakukan secara sadar oleh suatu bangsa, negara dan pemerintah, menuju modernitas dalam rangka pembinaan bangsa (national building)”.

Pada tingkat pelayanan sosial, terutama sektor pendidikan, kesehatan, dan peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat masih ditenmukan beberapa kekurangan. Termasuk belum ada upaya signifikan dalam perpajakan untuk biaya pembangunan sosial. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penajaman kebijakan sosial melalui penyusunan tindak lanjut UU, PP, dan Peraturan Daerah yang lebih mengutamakan pembangunan sosial, peningkatan pelayanan sosial, dan sumber pendapatan untuk membiayai pembangunan sosial tersebut.
Newtonian approximation to estimate the current temperature of the universe
Authors: Cervantes  Contreras Aldrin
Published: October 2023

Based on supernovae data, we built a potential for the observable universe. Using classical mechanics, we built a classical Lagrangian and a Hamiltonian to describe the evolution of the universe as a three-dimensional sphere. We then considered the universe as a classical statistical ensemble and determined the partition function of the universe and thus estimated its current temperature. This analysis is classical, quantum approximation was never used.
From Henry Wallon motor activity, to Trevarthen’s proposal about music in teaching-learning processes to Max Van Manen’s The Tact of Teaching: a reflection for inclusion
Authors: Herbert-Mainero Arturo Jesús , Oliveri-Rivera Yivia , Pérez-Castillo Pablo , Ortega-Martínez María Cristina
Published: October 2023

This essay is about the views on teaching-learning processes that we think are important as a proposal for inclusive thinking in formal education. It begins with the contributions of Henry Wallon on the importance of the motor act and tonic dialog in relation to emotional, affective attitudes, followed by the contributions of Colwyn Trevarthen, who asks us to understand the impact of music on children’s development, and its relevance to musical learning processes. Finally, the philosophy of touch in teaching is presented by Max Van Manen, who proposes a pedagogy that is responsive to children’s needs and that allows us to reflect on pedagogical practices and the importance of the act of education, i.e., the impact of teacher and student participation. process that we consider important as a proposal for an inclusive way of thinking in formal education. The essay presents views on the teaching and learning process that we consider important as a proposal for an inclusive way of thinking in formal education. We begin with Henry Wallon’s contributions to movement, dialog, and emotional attitudes. Then we continue with the contributions of Colwyn Trevarthen, who asks us to understand the impact of music on children’s development and its importance to the process of musical learning. Finally, we look at the philosophy of The Tact of Teaching by Max Van Manen, who proposes an empathetic pedagogy for children, with the aim of re ecting on teacher and student participation.
A tight squeeze between tectonic plates
Authors: Beall Adam , Davies Rhodri
Published: October 2023

The largest earthquakes occur at subduction zones, where one plate descends beneath another into the underlying mantle, at a convergent plate boundary. Some subduction zones seem to host more large earthquakes than others (Fig. 1), potentially reflecting the influence of large-scale geodynamic processes, which vary from one subduction zone to the next.
Craton Formation and the Onset of Plate Tectonics
Authors: Beall Adam , Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

Cratons are anomalously-strong regions of the continents that have largely resisted tectonic forces for billions of years. How such strong zones could be forged in a hot, low-viscosity, low stress, early-Earth has been a long-standing puzzle for geologists. Adam Beall, Katie Cooper and Louis Moresi have recently proposed that cratons were made by the catastrophic switching on of plate tectonics.
Research School of Earth Sciences Seminars Online
Authors: Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

The ANU Research School of Earth Sciences is moving all seminars online for the duration of the corona virus emergency The Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES) at the Australian National University is one of the world’s premier research institutions in the Earth and Marine Sciences. The seminar series is the central focus of the School’s activities and typically attracts top researchers from Australia and around the world.
Seismic Fly-past of the Century
Authors: Lai Voon Hui , Eakin Caroline , Jiang Chengxin , Miller Meghan S.
Published: October 2023

Voon Hui Lai, Chengxin Jiang, Caroline Eakin, and Meghan Miller analyzed seismograms of the Royal Australian Air Force #RAAF100 spectacular aircraft fly-past in Canberra on March 31st. Here is the recording from the seismometer at Parliament House basement and one from a temporary seismic node deployed at ANU by Chengxin Jiang. We clearly observe different signals from jet engine aircraft versus the propellor aircraft.
Motivations 2: Children of the revolution
Authors: Sandiford Mike
Published: October 2023

In acknowledging our remarkable success we may now need a different metaphor to encourage and inspire future generations of geoscientists. I suggest an appropriate metaphor relates to how we put our understanding of planetary dynamics to the benefit of all people and particularly to the issue of sustainability. Scientists carry the purpose and enthusiasms that infused their training.
Modelling Lithospheric Drips and Delamination Events
Authors: Beall Adam , Moresi Louis , Stern Tim
Published: October 2023

 Modelling the relative time-scales of the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and delamination, using Underworld  Why model sub-continental gravitational instabilities? Within the plate tectonics framework, continents are generally considered to have a much lower density than the asthenosphere below and therefore avoid the kind of recycling that the oceanic crust and lithosphere undergoes.
Underworld Release 2.8
Authors:   john mansour
Published: October 2023

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Version 2.8 of Underworld has been released recently. As with all major releases, this release brings numerous new features, enhancements and bug fixes.
Tweed Valley a ‘natural laboratory’ to model impacts of climate change and test carbon sequestration theory
Authors: Muller Dietmar
Published: October 2023

 Kyle Manley, Tristan Salles Dietmar Müller  Since roughly 1880 the Earth has warmed by 1 deg C, many times faster than any warming episode in the past 65 million years of Earth’s geological history. We will need to remove hundreds of gigatons of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere by the end of the twenty-first century to keep global warming below 2°C within the constraints of the global carbon budget.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary (Pt 4: What lies beneath ?)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

The seismic waves it generated started their long journey around the planet, rippling its surface and circling it several times before eventually dying off. Their motion was captured by seismographs thousands of kilometers away, and noticed by geoscientists, who were instantly baffled by this monster earthquake’s location and magnitude.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary (Pt 7: The hunt for MRO21)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

The period of extremely bad 48 hours of weather was approaching, and I had high hopes that we would be able to complete two more sites before high swell hits us and completely puts us out of action. The site MRO21 (Macquarie Ridge Ocean 21) was no different from other deployment sites on this voyage.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary (Pt 2 — On the Deck)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

We (the team of 9 scientists and technicians from the Australian National University’s Research School of Earth Sciences) are out of strict 2-week quarantine and ready for a pre-voyage mobilisation. This includes a series of inductions and briefings prior to boarding, boarding, and final stages of preparation for the voyage.
Advanced geodynamic models of giant earthquakes
Authors: Gollapalli Thyagarajulu
Published: October 2023

This article was originally published on September 16, 2020 in the Geodynamics Blog of the European Geophysical Union by Thyagarajulu Gollapalli and edited by Jyotirmoy Paul. It is reproduced here with permission. Earthquakes with magnitude more than or equal to 8.5 (M  w  >= 8.5) are known as giant earthquakes.
Cite Underworld from Zenodo
Authors: Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

Zenodo [http://www.zenodo.org] is a repository for immutable versions of software that are provided with a persistent DOI for the purposes of citation and reproducibility. Underworld can be cited via a zenodo DOI.
Quarto project scripts are awesomeness
Authors: von Csefalvay Chris
Published: October 2023

Quarto is a great tool for reproducible research. It is also a great tool for building websites. After about a decade of Wordpress-based websites, I’ve moved to Quarto primarily for two reasons. First, most of my content is largely static.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary (Pt 6: A race against time in sub-Antarctic waters)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

The furious fifties have certainly lived up to the acclaim they received. We have had to change our plan of voyage multiple times, and have lost precious time due to heaving-to the vessel to a favorable position with respect to the wind and swell direction, and on the lee side of the Macca island.
Expedition to the Coral Sea to sample underwater volcanoes
Authors: Mather Ben
Published: October 2023

One of the world’s most extensive intraplate volcanic regions is located in Eastern Australia, including the world’s longest continental hotspot trail and two parallel trails offshore (Tasmantid and Lord Howe Seamount chains). Hotspot trails are thought to arise from mantle plumes, whose episodic eruptions have caused environmental crises affecting the world’s atmosphere (release of gas and aerosols), biosphere (mass extinctions) and hydrosphere
COVID lockdowns and seismic noise in Australia
Authors: Miller Meghan S. , Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

 A   new study by an international team of scientists   has found lockdown measures to stop the spread of COVID-19 led to a 50 per cent reduction in seismic noise observed around the world.  It is the largest reduction in human-generated noise ever observed globally.
Motivations 1: Lessons for an uncertain future
Authors: Sandiford Mike
Published: October 2023

Who could imagine what the last Vicmanians thought confronted with the terrible reality their land was drowning? The Vicmanians occupied what is now Bass Strait for the first 30,000 years or so of human occupation of Australia. Prior to 10,000 years ago, sea levels were lower than today and Bass Straight was largely exposed. At the height of the last ice age, about 18,000 years ago, sea levels were  130 metres lower.
How Earth's continents became twisted and contorted over millions of years
Authors: Muller Dietmar , Contributors Geo Down Under
Published: October 2023

CC BY Dietmar Müller,  University of Sydney  ; Maria Seton,  University of Sydney  , and Sabin Zahirovic,  University of Sydney  Classical plate tectonic theory was developed in the 1960s. It proposed that the outer layer of our planet is made up of a small number of rigid plates separated by narrow boundaries.
JOSS publication - Underworld 2
Authors: Mansour John
Published: October 2023

A new paper by John Mansour and others has just been published in the Journal of Open Source Software. Mansour, J., Giordani, J., Moresi, L., Beucher, R., Kaluza, O., Velic, M., Farrington, R., Quenette, S., Beall, A., 2020, Underworld2: Python Geodynamics Modelling for Desktop, HPC and Cloud, Journal of Open
Building Australia's Downward Looking Telescope
Authors: Rawling Tim ,   Geo ★ Down Under Contributors
Published: October 2023

AuScope’s Downward Looking Telescope (DLT) is the Australian geoscience research community’s vision for a futureproof research infrastructure system to support Australia’s sustainable future. Image: AuScope This article was originally published by AuScope, Australia’s provider of research infrastructure to the Earth and Geospatial Science community.
The inherited structures within the Australian lithosphere define the tectonic evolution along the Banda arc
Authors: Miller Meghan S.
Published: October 2023

Eastern Indonesia is one of the least well-understood geological domains on Earth, yet the region is one of the few tectonic settings that is actively undergoing arc-continent collision. The NSF funded “Banda arc experiment” was designed to unravel some of the complex dynamics of convergent tectonics.
Unlocking the secrets of the sub-Antarctic underground
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

Finally, our long wait has come to an end. It is great to see the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) Macquarie Island expedition team now installing our seismometers on the Macquarie island as part of the "Macquarie Ridge in the 3D" project. Comprising 27 ocean-bottom-seismometer locations, our passive seismic array is now being reinforced by five more land instruments on the island itself.
Australian Earth Science facing a very uncertain future (updated)
Authors: Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 border closures and the financial shocks to Australian Universities that followed have been felt especially hard in Earth Science departments around the country. In a series of articles over the next few weeks, we are going to explore some of the deep-seated reasons why our discipine has been impacted disproportionately, and how we can strengthen Earth Sciences for the future.
Australian Research Council Future Fellowships 2021
Authors: Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

  Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Australian Research Council (ARC), Professor Sue Thomas, has welcomed today’s announcement by Minister of Education and Youth the Hon Alan Tudge MP of $93 million in funding for the new Future Fellows for 2021.
Turning up the heat on Earth temperature modelling — AuScope
Authors: Moresi Louis , Mather Ben
Published: October 2023

Modelling temperature in the Earth’s crust is accomplished by populating a geological model with thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity and rates of heat production, and solving a numerical model of thermal diffusion with assigned boundary conditions.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary: Macquarie Ridge in 3D (Part 1 - Quarantine ?)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

I am locked in a small hotel in Hobart turned into a quarantine, tempted to write a story named “Tasmanian quarantine”, but, honestly, I can’t.   I could lament how unlucky, or brag how courageous we are to endure this isolation. I could show you how tiny the room is, in which I feel I could touch all corners at once if I stretched my hands and legs wide enough.
Floods And Covid-19 In Timor-Leste Reveal Risks Of Interacting Hazards
Authors: Quigley Mark , Duffy Brendan , Contributors Geo Down Under
Published: October 2023

 Flooding in central Dili, Timor-Leste (credit: Machel Silveira).    Contributing Authors:   Mark Quigley  1  , Brendan Duffy  1  , Oktoviano Tilman de Jesus  2  , Lisa Palmer  1  , Januka Attanayake  1  , Claire Vincent  1  , Andrew King  1  , Demetrio Amaral Carvalho  3  , Josh Trindade  4  , Ian Rutherfurd  1   The School of Geography, Earth 
Shallow earthquakes in Australia
Authors: Hejrani Babak
Published: October 2023

Earthquakes rupture on faults that cut through the Earth crustal layers (e.g. Fig. 1). Shallow earthquakes occur when seismic activity takes place within the top 30km of the earth's crust and they account for majority of the Earth's seismic activity.
Photos from the field: the stunning crystals revealing deep secrets about Australian volcanoes
Authors: Handley Heather
Published: October 2023

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article. Volcanic activity is a constant global threat. It’s estimated over 1 billion people live within the potential, direct impact range of volcanic eruptions. Just recently, lava flows from the eruption of Mount Nyiragongo, a volcano in the Democratic Republic of Congo, killed 32 people, with many more missing.
A decadal vision, a decade later
Authors: Moresi Louis , Rawling Tim
Published: October 2023

In a series of articles written a decade ago, Mike Sandiford proposed a vision for solid Earth science that viewed our planet as a very limited and valuable resource. In this vision, solid Earth science is a key pillar of a holistic discipline focused on stewardship of our environment in the broadest possible sense.
Earth science on a quest for critical metals
Authors: Contributors Geo Down Under , Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

On a quest for critical metal resources that are required for our electric, low carbon future, what are the challenges we face ?  In two recent talks, economic geologists Simon Jowitt (UNLV) and John Mavrogenes (ANU) gave their perspectives on what we need to do to find the  Rare Earth Elements  that we are going to need.Simon Jowitt: Mining will save the world  "Climate change mitigation will require a significant decrease in 
Rocky icebergs and deep anchors – new research on how planetary forces shape the Earth’s surface
Authors: Moresi Louis , Mather Ben
Published: October 2023

The authors argue that computation of topography indicates that isostasy needs to consider not just changes in the crustal thickness as part of the buoyancy balance but also the buoyancy of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle. The original research was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems by Lamb and his colleagues Lamb, Simon, James D. P. Moore, Marta Perez‐Gussinye, and Tim Stern.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary (Pt 3 — A voyage to the furious fifties)
Authors: Tkalčić Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

So we departed Hobart yesterday at 1pm local time, heading south. Our destination is the location where the ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) will be sunk to the ocean floor over the area of about 1,000 square kilometers near the Macquarie island. Spending a rough first night in the middle of the “roaring forties”, I am thinking about how our days will look like when we reach the fifties.
Probing the Australian-Pacific Plate Boundary: Macquarie Ridge in 3D (Updated)
Authors: Moresi Louis
Published: October 2023

Updates An article in EOS, the scientific magazine of the AGU by Hrvoje Tkalčić, Caroline Eakin and others  (Note: this post is updated when new diary entries are posted  — LM)  Mike Coffin's blog at the Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, UTas The research voyage is aimed at shedding light on Macquarie Island’s underlying structure and geological evolution, while also enabling monitoring of future earthquakes and tsunamis
The secret to starting subduction is ... subduction
Authors: Contributors Geo Down Under
Published: October 2023

Caroline Eakin, ANU The Earth's biggest earthquakes and most explosive volcanoes occur at subduction zones" where a tectonic plate (the seafloor itself) sinks bank into the Earth's interior. We've been able to compile 100 million years of existing evidence for Subduction Zone Initiation (SZI). One of the biggest things this showed was that subduction breeds subduction. Truly spontaneous subduction in "pristine" places is practically unheard of.
History and Presence of Serratia marcescens
Authors: Radeva S. , Bozhkova M. , Niyazi D.
Published: October 2023

Serratia marcescens is an important member of the order Enterobacterales, even though it was initially considered to be slightly virulent. Today it is an indisputable fact that Serratia is an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of nosocomial infections. The main risk group is immunocompromised patients, both adults and newborns, and patients after different medical interventions such as bronchoscopy, central venous catheterization, urinal catheters, surgical drainage, tracheostomy, and mechanical ventilation. This species is documented as a causative agent of a variety of infections with different clinical presentations – bloodstream infections, respiratory and urinary tract infections, wound infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. In addition, S. marcescens is of high significance as an opportunistic pathogen due to its antibiotic resistance, which makes the treatment difficult. The types and the epidemiology of S. marcescens infections are presented and discussed in detail in this review.
Phytases - Types, Sources, and Factors Affecting Their Activity
Authors: Gocheva Y. , Engibarov S. , Lazarkevich I. , Eneva R.
Published: October 2023

Phytases are a large group of enzymes that hydrolyze phytate and its complexes. This most abundant organic phosphate in the world is commonly found in plant-based foods. It can bind to essential minerals, making them less available for absorption. Enzymatic hydrolysis of phytates is the most beneficial method for reducing their content in foods and feeds. Phytase supplementation enables more efficient utilization of phytate phosphorus. The enzyme is produced by prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, plants, and animals. Several types of phytases, depending on certain structural and kinetic properties are described. Phytase activity is influenced by metal ions, surfactants, and various plant extracts.
Bacterial Diversity in Heavy Metal Poluted Soil Explored via 16S rRNA Gene Molecular-Genetic Analysis
Authors: Satchanska G. , Selenska-Pobell S. , Golovinsky E.
Published: October 2023

Bacterial diversity in a xenobiotic polluted soil sample called KCM B was investigated using the 16S rRNA gene approach. The sample was collected from the vicinity of a Pb-Zn (KCM) smelter and pesticides manufacturing plant AGRIA both situated in short distance to each other near the town of Plovdiv, South Bulgaria. MS-ICP analysis showed the sample was moderately contaminated. Only Pb exceeded the EU Maximum Permission Levels (MPL). One clone library was constructed consisting of 150 clones. Our results demonstrated that in the investigated soil bacterial community was dominated by representatives of phylum Proteobacteria (α (28), β (2), γ (40) and δ (2) or in total 72%. Among them the most abundant were γ -Proteobacteria - 40%. Phyla Actinobacteria, Holophaga/Acidobacteria (AHA) and members of AD1 division were detected in an equal amount of 7% each. Bacteria belonging to phyla Cytophaga/Flavobacterium/Bacteroides (CFB) represented 5% of the bacterial community. 2% of the studied clones were affiliated to novel bacteria. In the clone library were detected many unique bacterial fingerprints respectively 16S rDNA sequences. Most of the identified bacterial groups were closely related to bacteria inhabiting other extreme- or xenobiotics polluted environments as uranium mill tailings, metal rich sediments, mine drainages, hydrocarbon contaminated environments, rocks at 300 m under the Ocean floor, deserts and waste water treatment facilities. Great number of recovered sequences in the sample were affiliated to not-yet-cultured bacteria with unknown physiology, morphology or metabolism. Once successfully cultivated these bacteria might be promising for biotransformation of heavy metals and biotechnological application.
Potato Viruses of Economic Importance for Production of Planting Material in Bulgaria
Authors: Petrov N. , Stoyanova M.
Published: October 2023

Potato is the world’s third most widespread food crop, following wheat and rice. Tubers play an important role in the spread of virus diseases in different regions in Bulgaria for seed production. The most important viruses in potatoes in Bulgaria include Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato virus M (PVM). Most of the viruses in potatoes do not induce symptoms in tubers, which plays an important role in viral dissemination by the growers. In this way, after planting the tubers, the quality and yield of the production may be severely reduced. The use of virus-free tubers by growers is of key importance for the control of diseases and the reduction of loss of production.
Halle i Sulechów – ośrodki pietyzmu i edukacji. Tło religijno-historyczne, powiązania europejskie
Authors: Chodorowska Anna , Husak Bogumiła ,   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Klosterberg Brigitte
Published: October 2023

Publikacja stanowi efekt badań propozograficznych, źródłowych oraz archiwalnych dotyczących powiązań ośrodka w Halle z Sulechowem, a także wpływu ruchu pietystów na inne ośrodki w Europie. Zamieszczone w niej artykuły dają możliwość zapoznania się z szeroko zakrojonymi badaniami dotyczącymi relacji pomiędzy tymi dwoma ośrodkami edukacyjnymi, wydawniczymi i ideologicznymi (pietystycznymi). Omawiane zagadnienia dotyczące przedmiotowych relacji pomiędzy tymi dwoma ośrodkami uwidoczniły się w XVIII wieku. Publikacja zawiera zbiór 17 artykułów w języku polskim i niemieckim (ze wstępu). „Narodowy Program Rozwoju Humanistyki w latach 2016-2019”, nr projektu 0274/NPRH4/H2b/83/2016.
Adulteration of Nigella (Nigella sativa) Seed and Seed Oil
Authors:   American Botanical Council, Orhan Nilüfer
Published: October 2023

This bulletin aims to provide general information on the seed and seed oil of nigella (Nigella sativa) and summarizes the available information on adulteration, mislabeling, counterfeiting, and fraud in nigella raw material and its products. It also provides information on trade and market dynamics, laboratory methods for detecting adulteration, and economic and safety implications for the consumer and industry. It may be used as guidance for quality control personnel and members of the international phytomedicine and botanical supplement industries and the extended natural products community in general.
Idiopathic (early) and secondary (late) tooth ankylosis in clinical practice and in experiment
Authors:   Czech Orthodontic Society, Gedeonová Dominika , Černochová Pavlína , Kaňovská Karin , Izakovičová Hollá Lydie , Kaňovská Karin , Režnarová Jana , Hurník Pavel , Buchtová Marcela , Štembírek Jan
Published: October 2023

Permanent tooth ankylosis is a multifactorial condition. Its origin on the molecular level is still rather unclear, and due to difficult diagnosis, the prevalence in the population is not known. Ankylosis may be classified into idiopathic (early), where the cause is not definitely known, and secondary (late) resulting either from trauma or inflammation around the tooth root. In general, the diagnosis is based on the patient’s history and clinical picture characterized by the loss of the ankylosed tooth mobility accompanied by a distinct sound on percussion. Radiologically, computed tomography (CT) can be used; it is, however, often substituted by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in order to avoid high radiation load. Extraction of the ankylosed tooth is the most common solution. Other methods include tooth subluxation (potentially with corticotomy) or alveolar distraction with orthodontic treatment. Though more and more advanced imaging methods are used, the early detection of tooth ankylosis is still a challenge and must be considered by dentists and orthodontists when planning therapy.
First and second upper premolar in the treatment of an orthodontic patient
Authors:   Czech Orthodontic Society, Kratochvílová Lenka , Horáček Martin
Published: October 2023

Aim: The study deals with differences in the size of anatomical crowns of first and second maxillary pemolars, and discusses the correlation between the crowns size and sex and skeletal classes of patients. Material and method: The non-randomized retrospective study worked with 152 plaster models of the maxilla. The models were scan­ned, and in these virtual models mesiodistal and buccolingual parameters of teeth anatomical crowns were measured. The models were divided into groups according to patients’ sex and skeletal class according to WITS. Results: Mesiodistal width was significantly bigger in first premolar (mean= 6.68 mm) than in the second one (mean = 6.43 mm). On the contrary, buccolingual dimension was statistically bigger in second premolars (mean value = 9.67 mm) that in the first one (mean value = 9.48 mm). Mean size of teeth was bigger in all parameters in males than females, i.e. mesiodistal dimension in first premolars (males = 6.75 mm; females = 6.61 mm) and in second premolars (males = 6.49 mm; females = 6.38 mm. The same holds true for buccolingual dimension in first premolars (males = 9,65 mm; females = 9.34 mm) and second premolars (males = 9,83 mm; females = 9.50 mm). In males with Class II the mesiodistal width of both first and second premolars is significantly smaller (mean value = 6.54 and 6.31 mm) than in males with Class I (mean value = 6.86 and 6.58 m) and with Class III (mean value = 6.85 and 6.56 mm). Conclusion: First upper premolar is bigger mesiodistally and smaller buccolingually than second upper premolar. Males’ teeth are bigger than females’. Men with Class II have statistically smaller mesiodistal width of first and second premolars than men with Class I and III.
Reevaluating Excipients in Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Li Ruoxi
Published: October 2023

Medications are extensively used in the present day. These medications primarily consist of two fundamental components: the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and the excipients. The API consists of an active element, and it’s responsible for therapeutic effects. Excipients, the significant component by mass, are considered the “inactive” ingredient that stabilizes the API in most cases. Excipients are used to be thought of as “inert” or “inactive.” However, recent research by Pottel et al. found that the excipients are active toward some targets. Thus, this review provides a summary of this research and explores its advantages and disadvantages.