bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Physiotherapy in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: - Sakshi Patwa , - Sambhaji Gunjal
Published: April 2024

Background: A spinal cord injury is a trauma or lesion to the spinal cord, which is made up of white matter (ascending and descending tracts) and grey matter (sensory neuron and motor neuron). It causes muscle paralysis and affects sensory abilities and other bodily processes below the level of the injury. Between 2,50,000 and 5,00,000 people worldwide experience spinal cord injuries each year, according to the WHO. In India, the prevalence of SCI is 0.15 million, with an average yearly incidence of 15,000 cases.
Objective- To study the effect of respiratory physiotherapy in spinal cord injury patients.
Method: A Systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted on 20 articles through different databases like PubMed, google scholar which were identified, sorted and screened according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria post which the studies were assessed for quality.
Result: Data from the selected studies were extracted under the headings of title /author, type of study design, intervention /device /technique elaborated in the study, and key highlights of the study and was tabulated systematically
Conclusion: This study concludes that respiratory physiotherapy improves respiratory muscle strength and function in SCI Patients.
UV-C Inactivation Doses for Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Selected Tropical Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Kaki D. K. , Akaagerger N. B. , Agba E. H.
Published: April 2024

Food-borne microbes from sweet orange, okra and pepper were homogenized and combined based on fruit type. The homogenized mixtures of the isolates were subjected to Ultraviolet radiation using a fabricated irradiation system to determine the total viable colony count post-irradiation. This was used in calculating the decimal reduction doses for the crops, which were found to be 2.589 Jm-2, 2.556 Jm-2 and 4.133 Jm-2, for Sweet Orange, Okra, and Pepper, respectively. These doses will be helpful in the sterilization and shelf-life extension of the selected fruits and vegetables.
Función renal y complicaciones en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el hospital del Día Jipijapa del Instituto Ecuatoriano de seguridad social, Enero a Julio de 2023
Authors: Intriago Delgado Mercedes Carolina , Ponce Pincay Roberto Arnaldo
Published: April 2024

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es una patología de etiología heterogénea con una población estimada de 439 millones en todo el mundo para el 2030. Esta enfermedad se ha relacionado con complicaciones microvasculares, especialmente enfermedad renal diabética, siendo la principal causa de mortalidad prematura. Es fundamental diagnosticar a los pacientes que tienen más sensibilidad para desarrollar complicaciones renales para un mejor control del proceso de la enfermedad. El objetivo fue establecer la relación entre la función renal y las complicaciones en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de la ciudad de Jipijapa, enero-julio de 2023. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo observacional, transversal y retrospectivo. Se cumplieron con las consideraciones éticas de rigor. Se registraron resultados de las pruebas de función renal (creatinina en orina y microalbuminuria) en 1657 pacientes con diabetes durante el periodo. Las concentraciones de creatinina se encontraron alteradas en 1,5% de los hombres y 2,4% de las mujeres, mientras que 6,2% de los pacientes tenían microalbuminuria elevada. Las complicaciones renales identificadas en los pacientes con alteraciones de las pruebas de función renal fueron lesión renal aguda (63,1%), nefropatía diabética con microalbuminuria (22,3%) y enfermedad renal crónica (14,6%), encontrándose asociación entre las variables del estudio. Estos resultados permiten concluir que la diabetes y sus complicaciones siguen siendo un problema de salud en Jipijapa y se necesitan más acciones preventivas, y un abordaje terapéutico y clínico integral de estos pacientes.
URGENSI PEMBENTUKAN LEMBAGA PENGAWAS PELINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN PASAL 58 JUNCTO PASAL 59 DAN PASAL 60 UNDANG – UNDANG NOMOR 27 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG PELINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI
Authors: Widjaja Gunawan , Cesarianti Fransiska Milenia
Published: April 2024

Data Pribadi seseorang merupakan hal yang selalu melekat pada diri setiap orang, dan di masa kini yang serba digital mengharuskan seseorang untuk memberikan akses datanya ke dalam suatu Sistem Elektronik sehingga menjadi Informasi Elektronik. Kemajuan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi membuat peredaran data pribadi di Indonesia sukar untuk dikendalikan, bahkan kerap kali menimbulkan kebocoran data pribadi yang bisa merugikan Masyarakat luas selaku Pengguna. Meskipun saat ini Indonesia telah memiliki peraturan perihal Pelindungan Data Pribadi sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi, tidak menutup munculnya permasalahan yang terjadi khususnya dalam praktik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji urgensi dari pembentukan Lembaga Pengawas Pelindungan Data Pribadi yang dapat menjalankan fungsi dan kewenangannya di Indonesia. Pembentukan ini dikeluarkan berupa produk Peraturan Presiden. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat segera membentuk Lembaga Pengawas yang memiliki kewenangan penuh sehubungan dengan pelindungan data pribadi.
General Solution of the Diophantine Equation M^x p + (M q + 1)^y= (lz)^2
Authors:   Ashoka University, Ghosh Arkabrata
Published: April 2024

In this article, I study and solve the exponential Diophantine equation M^x p + (M q + 1)^y= (lz)^2 where M p and M q are Mersenne primes, l is a prime number, and x, y and z are non-negative integers. Several illustrations are presented as well as cases where no solution of the given Diophantine equation is present.
STUDI URGENSITAS GURU TAHFIDZ DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-AZIZIYAH LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Syahroni Muhammad Irfan
Published: April 2024

Pendidikan Al-Qur’an merupakan hal paling mendasar dalam memahami ajaran-ajaran agama yang secara implisit maupun eksplisit harus mampu dipahami dengan baik. Langkah kongkrit yang harus dilakukan adalah dengan menghafalnya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan metode induktif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: Pertama, peran yang dilakukan guru tahfidz dalam meningkatkan hafalan Al-Qur’an santri di Asrama Baet Mahasiswi Sholeha Ponpes Al-Aziziyah antara lain: memberikan motivasi kepada para santri, memberi tugas/target hafalan dan hukuman kepada para santri, dan membimbing para santri tetap murajaah. Kedua, hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi oleh guru tahfidz dalam meningkatkan hafalan Al-Qur’an santri di Asrama Baet Mahasiswi Sholeha Ponpes Al-Aziziyah, yaitu: adanya santri yang belum mampu membaca Al-Qur’an dengan baik, kesehatan ustadz yang dapat menganggu konsentrasi dalam proses belajar mengajar, adanya rasa malas dari diri santri ketika menghafal Al-Qur’an, adanya kecerdasan yang berbeda dari para santri, dan banyaknya tugas yang di berikan di kampus sehingga santri di asrama sulit untuk membagi waktu. Ketiga, solusi dari hambatan-hambatan yang di hadapi guru tahfidz dalam meningkatkan hafalan Al-Quran di Asrama Khusus Al-Baet Mahasiswi Sholeha Ponpes Al-Aziziyah yaitu: memperbaiki niat yang semata-mata hanya karena Allah SWT, memperbanyak istighfar, mengingat perjuangan orang tua, meminta kepada mahasiswi senior untuk menyimak ketika guru tahfidz sedang berhalangan, dan mengurangi main HP/Telfon pintar.
PENERAPAN MANAGEMEN STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIC GURU DI MI MARAQITT’LIMAT SANTONG LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Wildan
Published: April 2024

Strategic management of education is the implementation of education related to all educational material needs which are at the same time related to all aspects that exist in the effort to provide education, which is directly related to the learning process, facilities, or facilities and infrastructure Strategic Management aims to direct all company resources to be aligned and effective in achieving company goals. In the world of education, management is indispensable, through strategic management can expand future opportunities and minimize realized risks. Therefore an organization, company or educational institution must have a leader (leader) to determine the direction, and goals of an organization by providing direction in creating a supportive work climate for the implementation of the overall management process Pedagogic competence is the ability of teachers in managing student learning In the field of education needed by a teacher, namely pedagogic competence in seeing the characteristics of students from various aspects of life, be it moral, emotional, or intellectual. And with the presence of pedagogic competence of teachers will increase the competence of teacher professionalism in teaching. This study uses a research approach with methods applied to collect data, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, analysis, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. While the technical validity of data is used data trianggulation, method trianggulation, and theory trianggulation. The data obtained in this study is the application of the strategy management of the head of the madrasah in improving the pedagogic competence of teachers is good, and as for what is obtained by teachers through efforts to implement the management of the strategy of the head of the madrasah in improving the pedagogic competence of teachers is categorized as good.
Ivan Martos and the Masters of Marble at the Academy of Arts in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Клишевич Е.А.
Published: April 2024

В начале XIX в. в Совете Академии художеств был поднят вопрос о создании класса мраморной рубки. Признавалось, что скульптор, который разрабатывает эскиз композиции и лепит модель, при переводе последней в камень не может обойтись без помощника, вырубка же скульптуры из мрамора требует специальной художественной подготовки. Некоторые меры по развитию академической мраморной мастерской предпринял И. П. Мартос. Он, в частности, оказал поддержку крепостному рубщику камня Б. И. Орловскому, благодаря чему тот получил привилегии классного художника. Инициатива профессора не была продолжена. В дальнейшем мраморщики, которым часто принадлежала окончательная отделка скульптурных композиций, создававшихся по моделям выпускников, не получали статуса в Академии. Их имена, как правило, оставались неизвестными.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the Council of the Academy of Arts raised the issue of the establishment of the marble carving class. It was assumed that the sculptor, who designed sketches of the composition, couldn’t work without an assistant, when the sketch was converted into stone. Carving the sculpture of marble required special professional skills. Ivan Martos had taken some steps to introduce marble sculpture techniques into the educational concept and to include a marble carver into the staff of the Academy. Besides it became possible for Martos to support the artist B. Orlovsky who was a serf at that time. Thanks to the support of Martos Orlovsky received the privileges of an officially established artist and got the opportunity to study at the expense of the state. The professor’s initiative stayed without any consequences. In 1830–1840s, the carvers, who often finished in marble many statues and groups according to models of Academy’s undergraduates, were stripped of their Academy’s master status. Generally, their names stayed unknown.
Russian Fine Art at the 1893 World’s Fair in Chicago
Authors: Калимова Е.В.
Published: April 2024

Выставка 1893 г. в Чикаго стала крупнейшей в истории XIX в., утвердив США как активно развивающуюся державу. В России к участию в этой экспозиции отнеслись чрезвычайно серьезно: был сформирован организационный комитет и специальные комиссии, отвечающие за конкретные отделы, в том числе отдел изобразительного искусства. Его задачей стала демонстрация национальной школы изобразительного искусства и произведений ведущих современных художников. Русское искусство демонстрировалось в 16 разных выставочных зонах. В статье приводится обзор основных площадок, отмечается специфика экспозиций.

The 1893 World’s Fair in Chicago was the largest in the history of the 19th century, establishing the United States as an actively developing country. In Russia, participation in this exhibition was taken extremely seriously; an organizing committee were formed as well as the special commissions responsible for specific departments, including the fine arts department. Its task was to demonstrate the national school of fine arts and works of leading contemporary artists. Russian art was demonstrated in 16 different exhibition areas. The article provides an overview of the main sites, and specifics of the exhibitions.
Exhibition “Brothers Konstantin and Vladimir Makowski” in Serpukhov Historical and Art Museum. Specification to Attribution
Authors: Нестерова Е.В.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена изучению и уточнению информации о произведениях, демонстрировавшихся на выставке «Братья Маковские» в Серпуховском историко-художественном музее. Автором предложены новая датировка и названия, изучена история бытования и определены модели для четырех полотен Константина Маковского и одного портрета кисти Владимира Маковского.

The article is devoted to the study and specification of information about the works shown at the exhibition “Brothers Konstantin and Vladimir Makowski” in the Serpukhov Historical and Art Museum. The author proposed a new dating and names, studied the provenance and identified models for four paintings by Konstantin Makowski and one portrait by Vladimir Makowski.
Evolution of the Graphic Style of Book Covers in the Works of Mstislav Dobuzhinsky
Authors: Тихомирова Д.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается эволюция художественного языка книжных обложек, созданных Мстиславом Добужинским с 1904 по 1951 г. В ходе исследования проанализированы обложки, относящиеся к разным периодам творчества, обозначены как традиционные, так и новаторские графические приемы, используемые художником. В работах революционных лет и периода эмиграции отмечено влияние авангардистских течений и ар деко.

The article examines the evolution of the artistic language of book covers created by Mstislav Dobuzhinsky from 1904 to 1951. During the course of the study, the covers related to different periods of creativity are analyzed, the traditional and innovative graphic techniques used by the artist are indicated. In the works of the revolutionary years and the period of emigration the influence of avant-garde trends and Art Deco is noted.
The Image of the Artistic Space in Nicolay Akimov’s Scenography in the Mid-1920s – Early 1930s
Authors: Евреинова И.В.
Published: April 2024

Проблема создания нового образа художественного пространства является одной из центральных в авангардной сценографии. Н. П. Акимов, выдающийся авангардный сценограф и режиссер, стал одним из реформаторов сценического оформления, предложив новое понимание художественного пространства. Через использование гротеска, приема «остранения» мастер достигает в сценографии «нового художественного видения», отображения «метафорической реальности», определяя эмоциональный строй спектакля. Выявление основных положений метода Акимова в области художественного пространства станет ступенью для дальнейшего исследования его наследия и влияния на сценографию ХХ в.

The creation of a new image of artistic space is one of the main problems in the art of early Russian avant-garde artists. Nicolay Akimov, an outstanding avant-garde stage designer and director, became one of the reformers of stage design, proposing a new understanding of artistic space. Using the grotesque and the technique of “defamiliarization”, the master of scenography achieves a “new artistic vision”, the display of “metaphorical reality”, determining the emotional structure of the performance. Identification of the main points of Akimov's method in the field of artistic space will be a stepping stone for further research of the master's heritage and his influence on the scenography of the twentieth century.
The essence and quality characteristics of the concept of interactive learning
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Eylazova Sevinc
Published: April 2024

The development and application of effective technologies and teaching methods, new forms of organization of the teaching process, and the formation of new relationships in educational institutions are the requirements of today's time. By using new technologies in the teaching process, leaving the traditional lesson allows to eliminate the monotony of the educational environment and the monotony of the teaching process, creates conditions for changing the types of activities of students, and enables the implementation of the main principles of education.
The Jurisprudent Attitude of the Scholars of Al-Hilla towards the Qur’anic Recitals
Authors: Riyadh Raheem Thu’ban Al-Mansoori
Published: April 2024

The Imami scholars-and among them the scholars of Al-Hilla- are well-known for their less interest in the Qur’anic recitals, let alone exploring and going deep in studying such recitals. In this paper, I try to shed light on the interest of the scholars in Qur’anic recitals on one side only:the jurisprudent side. This will show that the scholars of Al-Hilla have been familiar with these recitals. In fact, they have had their own clear vision in this respect. They have known these recitals well. This knowledge has sprung from both recounting and expertise. They have piously employed this knowledge in the jurisprudent side. Their jurisprudent attitude towards the Qur’anic recitals is indicated in three directions, which will be the parts of the present paper. The First Part is the general jurisprudent attitude towards the Qur’anic recitals and their succession in narration.They believe that the glorious Qur’an is one, which descended from the One Lord, but its narrators differed. The Second Part deals with the effect of these recitals, which the scholars of Al-Hilla have consulted, when deducting the jurisprudent rules: to support a jurisprudent rule, to increase the number of its proofs or to show the reason of the difference and disagreement of the jurisprudent opinions about a certain problem. Although they have consulted these recitals, they are not a source of jurisprudent deduction to them. The Third Part tackles the judgment of using such recitals in prayer. Although the scholars of Al-Hilla have been interested inthe validity of the recitation of the Qur’anic Suras in prayer, the necessity of their preciseness and avoiding covert and overt solecism, they have written less about these recitals. I have found that only with Ibn Idrees and Al-Allama Al-Hilli. Ibn Idrees allows adopting in prayer the recitals which are already widespread. Al-Allama Al-Hilli permits adopting the seven recitals in prayer.
Significance of the words in the Allama Al-hill’s Reading fundamentalism in the Quranic text
Authors: Jabber Cadim Al Mulla
Published: April 2024

This research focused on the statement of the significance of the wordsat Al-Allama Al-hill’s (T / 726 e) within the limits of the revelations of the Islamic ruling (verses of judgments), which is the document of the jurist in the development of the ruling and its divisions, whether dividing the binary or divide the four? In its theoretical framework at times, and in its application framework at other times, and concluded that the legal text (Quranic) is a clear graphical unit of significance, either by originality, or by what italso means, that is, that the legal text is kinetic, meaning it has the ability to move and flow from a circle (Semantic clarity), in other words: it moves from the circle (arbitrator) to the (similar) circle, and from the circle (totality) to the circle (indicated) by a reference authority to take that statement. And the references are the Koran itself, and the data received from the people of the House (prayers of God on them all) with the use of the mind in understanding the role of those references, and applied to returnsimilar to them to diagnose the similarity of its path. The sign of ornament in its graphical nectar refers to the Qur’anic text, which is a circle of diagrams,initially half of which is clear and includes the text and the other.(The author, and the whole), but soon this half of the circle turns into an arbitrator; because the author of the statement is from the Koran itself or from the statement issued by the people of the house (prayers and peace beupon them) mediate the mind becomes clear: Becomes manifest by others, and by proof of carrying the word on the meaning of the author, leaving the meaning apparent; The blood of the possibility of carrying word on the apparent meaning; incompatible with the mind on the one hand; and incompatible with the arbitrator Quranic on the other hand, the interpreter is clear indication it becomes, and thus have completed the second half of the cycle of the statement, as the whole circle has become a statement, ie: a clear indication on the meaning. Knowing the meaning of clear judgment.
Qur’anic Intertextuality in Safiyuddeen Al-Hilli’s Poetry
Authors: د. أسعد محمد علي النجار
Published: April 2024

The present paper attempts to highlight the different types of Qur’anic intertexuality in Safiyuddeen Al-Hilli’s (died 750 A H) poetry as well as the influence of the glorious Qur’an on the poetry of this poet who descended from Al-Hilla, whose name has towered up and whose voice has risen high. In fact, Al-Hilli has drunk from the stream of the glorious Qur’an the most pleasant meanings, the purest expressions and the ways of intertextuality he has adopted in his poetry. We try to prove to history that the historians of literature have defamed his picture and fabricated lies towards him simply for one reason: his praise of Ahlul-Bait(the people of the PropheticHouse)(Peace be upon them), his imitation of their steps and his unmasking of their opponents.(We have another paper concerning that.)The methodology of the present paper has necessitated its division into an introduction, a preface and three chapters. We have indicated in the Introduction the reasons of choosing this title as well as its importance. In the Preface we have recorded Al-Hilli’s cultural biography together with the features of his age and environment. Chapter One studies ways of intertextuality of the Qur’anic vocable, which is known as the formal structure. We mean by that what the poet has used of the Qur’anic vocabularywith their Qur’anic meanings and religious signification. Chapter Two deals with the different types of intertextuality of the Qur’anic structure.Chapter Three studies the influence of the incidents in the Qur’anic stories and their events on the poet, together with the different types of intertextuality with the Qur’anic meaning in these stories and the range of his exploitation of the viewpoints in emphasizing a contemporary status to be disambiguated through the content of such stories.
Syntactic Studies in Al-Hilla Factors of Emergence and the Mutual Influence between Al-Hilla Syntactic Scholars and the Syntactic Scholars in the other Islamic Cities
Authors: د. قاسم رحيم حسن السلطاني
Published: April 2024

The syntactic scholars in Al-Hilla have proved to be superior and they have proficiently done well in studying language and its branches, but I have not found any one of these books searching in such fields despite the fact that much has been written by those scholars, and their attention of the linguistic and syntactic lesson, especially, by those who wrote in jurisprudents and in principles of Islamic law. Linguistics and syntax used to be taught in all the stages, and their studies adopted the syllabuses andmethods used by those Hawzas(seminary schools) in the Islamic world.Those who worked in the field tried to pay attention to the factors of being affected and affecting. Those factors have been evident among the syntactic scholars in Al-Hilla as well as those who have worked in the other Islamic territories. In fact, Al-Hilla, after its being populated in the fifth century of Hegira, has frequently witnessed a widespread prosperity in the intellectual and mental fields. The City of Al-Hilla became a shining centre for thought and science, headed for by scientists and scholars from everywhere. The journey to obtain science to Al-Hilla and away from it, therefore, has been very active. The result was that many of its citizenscholars travelled towards the other urban territories in the east and the west. This is what should be recorded and studied as a great achievement carried out by these people as they have been participating in this process actively, an achievement that should be counted to these scholars in the overall journey of the Islamic culture aiming at promulgating sciences in the Islamic world. What has been recorded in history is that the immigrant scholars of Al-Hilla to these territories have formed an important pillar in the scientific movement by their occupation of the first place inthe scientific sessions and literary assemblies and discussions, as it has been recorded to them in the intellectual life in Al-Mosil, Syria, Persia and other territories
An Epistle in Knowing Allah
Authors: د. كريم حمزة حميديّ
Published: April 2024

Ibnul-Odi is considered one of the scholars of Al-Hilla, who were famous in the time of the appearance, spreading and popularity of Al-Hilla Scientific Hawza(Seminary). He was contemporary to Al-Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli, but he was not as famous as his contemporaryscholars, let alone the paucity of his output and the disagreementabout his name and biography.As regards his work (An Epistle in Knowing Allah), it is one of his epistles, which have not been verified yet. We embarked in checking it after we have got an important version in the Library of Imam Ridha in Iran. It is a doctrinal epistle in which its author tries to probate knowing Allah in addition to proving the Prophecy of the Messenger(May Allah bless him and his household and send peace upon them) and the Imamate of the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali(Peace be upon him) and the impeccable imams(Peace be upon them). The Epistle is supplemented by an appendix entitled (A Theorem in Allah’s Volition), which is taken from the work of Sheikh Al-Mufeed (May Allah bless him).
Verified and Collected Poetical Works of Poets of Al-Hilla: An Analytical List of Bibliographies
Authors: Abbas Hani Ach-Charrakh
Published: April 2024

Poets of Al-Hilla have organized their poetry in special poetical works. A number of researchers and verifiers(investigators) have verified these works by turning to their manuscripts or rofessionally collecting them from the different likely places, especially the ancient, to bring them to light in a special book or a periodical bulletin. Hence, a great deal of poetical works of the various ages have appeared. Some Arab researchers and investigators(verifiers) have contributed in verifying some of these works.The present paper falls into two parts: Part One contains a bibliography of the titles of these poetical works verified epending on documented sources, or those which are only collected. They are alphabetically organized with numbers of their editions, those who have verified them and their places of publication. We have added some of those which are in print.Part Two contains a bibliography followed by a descriptive nalyticalstudy of these works so as to indicate their value and the efforts of their investigators(verifiers).
Sole of Al-Hilla scholars In preserving the heritage of the oldest
Authors: Abdul Halim Awad Al - Hilli
Published: April 2024

The article in the hands of the reader shows the role of the scholars of Hilla Faiha and their works of jurisprudence - such as Alsaraer , Alsharaie , Almokhtalef , Almontaha , Altathkera and others _ in preserving the heritage of the advanced school scholars on the school of Hilla Fayhaa, when their traces reached this city and transferred them in their books and discussed in support of the response, but unfortunately lost These books and did not reach us except what the scholars of Hilla transferred , such as Ibn Idris, Al-Muhaqeeq, Ibn Tawoos, Ibn Sa’id and others, quoted in thisarticle, and this is not a complete survey of those who are excluded from them. Sather, this is the tip to what the scholars of Hilla transferred .
What has been Textually Criticized of the Works of the Scholars of Hilla. Part Three/ The Last Part
Authors: Qassim Raheem Hassan Al-Sultani
Published: April 2024

We have published the first and second part of this detailed bibliographic research in the previous two issues. We adopted a scientific approach in our presentation of the books that were compiled by the scholars of the scientific Hawza (Religious Seminary) in Hilla. We explained the criteria that we adopted in selecting the books and their authors. We mentioned only the textually criticized and the printed books and left many other books because we did not have copies of and because our approach is to describe what we could have between our hands of the scientifically criticized books.In this issue, we will state the third section which is the last part of the research. This part begins with the letter 'M' and ends with the last alphabetic letter which is the letter 'E'. Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds.
Fakhrul Muhaqiqeen's the Jurisprudence of the The al-Alama al-Hilly's Principle of Justice
Authors: Sheikh Abbas Tabaja Al-Amily
Published: April 2024

This study، which is in the hands of the noble reader، deals with a casethat was a source of disagreement and controversy in the books of the wellknownscholar، Abi Mansoor al-Hasan ibn Yusuf ibn al-Mutahar al-Asadi،known as al-Alama al-Hilly (648-726 AH)The attempt to drive away what was attributed to him، may Allah havemercy on him، through tracking the principles that he adopted in his booksin relation to the subject of justice by the statement of its truth، and methodsof proving it، and associated with the narrator in terms of acceptinghis hadith or not. The research topics are three that collectively give a oneresult and that is the al-Alama does not depend on the principle of justicein the consideration of the narration of those whose status is not known.
What has been printed by traces of Al-Allama Al-Hilli
Authors: Prof. Dr.Qasim Rahim Hassan Al-Sultani
Published: April 2024

Abu Mansoor al-Hassan bin Yusuf bin Ali bin Mutahhar al-Hilli (died 726 AH) is one of the Most prominent jurists in Hilla and has become famous in countries and people have Learned from his knowledge, It has been classified in various sciences and knowledge, printed in different editions in various places. Desiring to acquaint researchers and readers with the effects of our determination to create a proven detailed, has included (55) titles, between a book and letter, we have listed them according to the letters of the alphabet, whether a single book or published in a magazine, mentioning the full bibliographic details: the name of the investigator, the place of publication and year.
Morphological connection for formula (verb) repetition the letter eayan Reading at the poet Al-Hilli's collection Muhammad Mahdi al Baseer
Authors: Dr.Ahmed Hasan Mansur
Published: April 2024

Formed formula (verb) due to change in voice is happening in the letter eayan of the act is to extend the three-time speech Balsakn which is called morphology by repetition. For this repetition its effects on the semantic level of the formula. Differed in the nature of this ancient repetition and saw some of them it occurs to increase the letter (eayan) first، while others saw it happen the second increase of the letter (eayen)، has used the research data of the audio lesson to talk to the likelihood of the opinion of those who say that the first increase، as well as the evidence cited by some Morphologists.The use of Baseer of this formula has come for the benefit of the meanings of (generally have much، the infringement، becoming، the ratio، the shortcut، prayer، and negativism) at rates outlined tables attached to the search، and it seemed to the researchers that the formula (verb) function on the infringement action never stops with the meaning generally have much also، which distinguishes it from the formula (I) function on Altaadih; researchers therefore proposed the launch of the term (Altaadih Altkthreh) on the meaning of Altaadih in (verb); distinct from Altaadih sign in (I do). It is worth noting the use of the poet of the act (favored)، which came on the meaning of the story prefix، which is quoted by the use of the updated language of the age
The culture motives in Al Hilli poetry (The principles study)
Authors: M. Ayad Hamza Shahid al-Weissawi
Published: April 2024

The research presented by me tries to explain the poetic movement of the literature of a particular city, characterized by its features that distinguish it from other cities, even if it is part of the total space of Arab and Iraqi poetry in general, and this urban space is the hilla, interspersed with another space which is the time in which the dimensions of the poetic subjects and their artistic nature presented In it from (495 AH - 1200 AH), therefore, we present an attempt to calculate an explanatory explanation in terms of cultural criticism, because it is an explanatory criticism based on a complete, careful, and comprehensive reading of the literature of this period in terms of poetry topics from (praise, lament, irony, firtation) and what is branching from these relational trends and The subjectivity presented by the Hilla poets themselves, so we will find the lack of poetic evidences because there is a complete thesis that was sponsored by (the cultural patterns of the original poetry until the twelfth century AH).What we discussed in it are phenomenological phenomena that moved and penetrated all poetic subjects and called them (nominal literary patterns, the alienation and affiliation pattern, and the civilization pattern).
The meanings of the unary prepositions in the poetry collections of Al Sayid Haidar Al-Hilli A grammatical study
Authors: Ghalib Abdul Muttalib Ramadan
Published: April 2024

This research aims to study the meanings of the unilateral prepositions - in the poetry collection of Al Sayid Haidar Al-Hilli - and their effect on poetic compositions in his poetry, and it includes five letters, which are (B, L, w, al qsam, T, and K). It was found through this study that the poet employed these The letters are properly identical to what is mentioned in the sources of grammar and letters of meanings, and expresses the connotations that they seek.The research included an introduction to the poet Al Saiyid Haider Al-Hilli's life , the definition of the letters of meanings, and an applied study of the unary prepositions in his office, and then a conclusion that includes the most important research results, and a list of sources and references.
The heritage of Al _Allamah Al_Hilli the manuscript in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia "Libraries of scientific institutions as a model"
Authors: Abdullah bin Ali Al-Rustom Al-Ahsai
Published: April 2024

The heritage of Al _Allamah Al_Hilli (may Gad sanctify his secret) the manuscript and the printed matter is of great importance, and this has made him present in the Arab Library, so I have tried as much as I can to do a survey of the heritage of Al _Allamah Al_Hilli manuscript in the libraries of scientific institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which has care for the manuscript heritage of any kind .The research included a brief introduction about the status of the manuscript in the libraries of scientific institutions in Saudi Arabia, and the heritage of Al _Allamah Al_Hilli was a model for that, so I monitored his manuscript heritage, by identifying it, by mentioning something from the beginning and the end, the copyist and the date of copying, his owner and information related to the copy, with the inclusion of samples from the first pages The last of that manuscript, especially the original one, indicates at the same time its locations, and the original written copies have reached (18) copies, while the number of copies has reached (20) copies, and I have indicated the frequency of copies due to the presence of a difference in some of them, or their availability is illustrated. in another place.
Authorization of Al-Hassan Ibn Al-Tarrah Al-Shaibani (D 720 H) by Muhammed Ibn Jafar Al- Hussain Anbari (c. 7 AH) Narrated by the book (Amali Al-Murtada)
Authors: Collect and investigate: Dr. Sheikh Imad Al-Kazemi
Published: April 2024

Sayid Hebah al-Deen al-Husayni al-Shahristani is one of the prominent figures whose library maintains manuscripts of his authorship or commentary, some of which have not yet been printed, including his comments on the book (Jawhar al-Nadid fi sharah mantiq al-tajrid) by Allamah Al-Hilli explaining the book (Altajrid fi eilm mantiq /Abstraction in the Science of Logic) by the philosopher Al-Khawaja Nasir al-Deen al-Tusi And his comments on the book are an indication of the importance of the book (Jawhar al-Nadid) and the need for students of knowledge to it, and this is what he referred to in his comments.I have chosen some of the pages that included his comments as far as this research can understand, and they are many, and some of them were collected in separate pages that were attached to the book. The research was divided into two requirements, the first dealt with the importance of the book, and the other the comments of the book, after an introduction in which I explained the description of the approved copy, and the words of the master about the book and the science of logic and literature in it.
Ibn Idris and the Status of Indicating Consensus A New and Complemented View
Authors: داريوش بخرديان  , صلاح عبد المهدي
Published: April 2024

Consensus is one of the proofs of deduction that has been discussed and disputed for a long time. Ibn Idris al-Hilli believed that the evidence for deduction is limited to definitive evidence that bequeaths knowledge, but -unlike other fundamentalists- he viewed Consensus as the definitive evidence, and it is a disproof if it was revealing the saying of the infallible, and his detective was connotative and moderating, and even considered in some source the strongest evidence and giving it among all other evidence, which led to his adherence to it in sources that no one else has said.
Al-Zainiyah School and its Figures
Authors: م. م. حَيدَر مُحَمَّد عُبَيد الخَفَاجيّ
Published: April 2024

Al-Zainiyah School is one of the monuments of the city of Hilla, as the lesson in it dated from the ninth century AH to the eleventh century (803 AH to 1052 AH), and we can call it (Al-Hilla intellectual University) in that mentioned period. And because of the importance of this school and its position in reviving the heritage of the Hilli Hawza, and explaining the scholarly efforts of its figures; I wrote this research, and divided it into two sections. In the first section, I gave an overview of the Al-Zainiyah school, the term school in the Helli heritage, and the figures of the Al-Zainiyah school.As for the second section, I have titled it (Manuscripts Written in Al-Zainiyah School), in which I counted thirty-five manuscripts that were copied in this School by different scribes, with an accurate description of them.
Sound Repetition in Sheikh Ahmad al-Nahwi al-Hilli’s Divan
Authors: أحمد جاسم عبد محمد
Published: April 2024

This research deals with the sound repetition in the Divan of Sheikh al-Nahawi al-Hilli due to its importance. This is because repetition is a clear sound component in poetic discourse and an effective element of its changing rhythm، as it gives poetry its vocal tone and music. Not only is that important on the rhythmic side، but it goes beyond other connotations produced by repeated sounds. From the singular sound، how it is produced، outputs، descriptions and what a sound repeats can add by observing the rules and laws of those sounds and their characteristics and relationships with each other.
Traces of Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad Al-Atayiqi Al-Hilli (lived in 786 AH)
Authors: م.م. حيدر عبد العظيم خضير
Published: April 2024

Sheikh Abdul Rahman bin Mohammed bin al- Atayiqi al-Hilli has written a lot of classifications - books and letters - in various sciences and knowledge which indicate his unique encyclopedia, including what reached us in a verified print, a manuscript in library cabinets or did not reach us, as well as transcribing some of the classifications of preceded scientists, or permitting some of his students.This research deals with the scientific efforts of this great Hilli scientist. After scrutiny, the present study was made into two sections, preceded by a preliminary one focused on studying his progress. The first section specialized in a bibliographic proof of his printed manuscript and missing traces. While the second section was concerned with explaining his transcriptions of the books he verified and then his permissions.
Supplement Narrators of al-Nili Al-Sayed Martyr Jamal al-Din Muhammad bin Amid al-Din Abd al-Muttalib Ibn al-Araj (800 AH) With comments of Mr. Al-Nili, and Sheikh Hassan (al-Malaeem) Followed by some significations
Authors: Investigation Al-Sayyid Hussein Mousavi Boroujerdi
Published: April 2024

Our scholars paid great attention to the heritage of their predecessors and sheikhs, and for this, they were interested in listing their names, and seizing some of their lives and dates of their deaths, so they worked on writing books and letters in this field, and among these efforts is the present study, which is what the second martyr copied from the copy of (Rejal, i.e. Narrotors) for Ali bin Abd al-Hamid al-Nili, which he is the grandson of al-Alama al-Hilli’s sister. In order to add to his book the names of the scholars who lived after al-Alama al-Hilli and Ibn Dawood and whose names are mentioned in this study.
Al-Mawrid al-Hadith According to al-Hafiz Rajab al-Barsi (D. 813 A.H.) In his book al-Dur al-Thameen
Authors: سجاد رزاق علوان المشرفاوي
Published: April 2024

In this research، we try to identify what al-Hafiz Rajab al-Barsi (d. 813 AH) presented to us in his book Al-Dur Al-Taqeem، which is the interpretation of the Noble Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them)، and it represents the textual direction in the interpretation، as well as the method of interpreting Qur’an with narration، and it was found that al-Barsi He has identified on nearly forty hadiths about the Prophet Muhammad and Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them)، and this indicates that this area of interpretation is an archaeological interpretation according to the narration of the Prophet Muhammad، and this dispels the suspicion that has been attached to him، whether or not to accept this is a matter of validity and significance.
Sheikh of the Jurists of Hilla Mohammad bin Jaafar bin Nama ( In 645 HAdieD)
Authors: م.م. حيدر عبد العظيم خضير
Published: April 2024

This research deals with a scientific figure known for as social and reverence status, who is from a science and knowledge house, represented by Sheikh Muhammad bin Jafar bin Nama al-Halli (died 645 AH). And I wanted to highlight the most important topics attributed to this figure, which are the scientific qualifications, his narration of hadith, and his rulings in the statement of jurisprudence, as well as his biography, in which these topics are not noticed what the other religious figures had.
A Message of the Reason Behind the Sitting of the Prince of the Believers (peace be upon him) About Those Who Preceded Him، and His War with Muawiyah to Jamal Al-Din Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Fahd al-Hilli (841 AH)
Authors: مسلم حسين
Published: April 2024

Perhaps one of the most important topics that occupied the minds of researchers in the history of the early Islamic eras is the reality of the relations of the Prince of the Believers، Ali bin Abi Talib - peace be upon him - with those who preceded him، and the assumption of the caliphate of Saayed of the Messengers - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family - while we see that he stopped warring of the firsts and their struggle، and he went to war of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan، and he pushed his opposition while bearing huge losses.Questions and theories on this topic abounded، sometimes among Muslims themselves and sometimes among non-Muslims who are orientalists and researchers of historical ambiguities. Some of them responded to this important issue in the study of Islamic history، and its clear connection with theological investigations، especially in the issue of entitlement to the caliphate، the infallibility of the Imam and his knowledge. Ibn Fahd al-Hilli answered this question and pointed out shocking historical facts related to the case. In his satisfactory and brief answer، he referred first to the reasons for the stop warring Ali bin Abi Talib - peace be upon him – with first ones، and secondly to the reasons for his conduct of a war with Muawiyah by an explanation of a general rule on how to interpret the actions of the infallibles، peace be upon them، at the end of the answer.
Quadruple and Quintuple Abstract Nouns From (Tawshih Alwafiat Bimaean Kafiatin) For Mawla Muhsin bin Muhammad Taher al-Qazwini A Study and Investigation
Authors: سجّاد مُحَمَّد ضرب  , أ.د. حامد ناصر الظالمي
Published: April 2024

The manuscripts represent a precious heritage for Arab and non-Arab nations, and the investigators aimed to remove years of obsolescence from them by achieving and publishing a scientific investigation. The researcher sought to trace the impact and serve our Arab scientific heritage by investigating the two chapters (Quadruple and Quintuple Abstract Nouns) from (Tashih al-Wafidah with sufficient meanings for Mawla Muhsin bin Muhammad Taher al-Qazwini); Because these two chapters are of indispensable importance in morphology.We have been keen to present this text as a scientific investigation as intended by its author, or close to that, and God is the guide of the right path.
غَيرُ المُستقلاتِ العقلية في المدوَّنةِ الأُصُوليَّةِ للعلَّامةِ الحِلِّيِّ
Authors: علاء عبد علي السعيدي
Published: April 2024

أثرى العلَّامةُ الحلّيُّ المكتبةَ الإماميَّةَ بأربعة كتبٍ ألَّفَهَا في مجال علم الأُصُول، وتناولَ فيها أَغلبَ مسائل علم الأصول التي تدخل في عملية الاستنباط الفقهي، ومنها ما يتعلق بمباحث الدليل العقلي، إذْ بحث في مسائله، سواء ما يصطلح عليه بالمستقلات العقلية، أو غير المستقلات العقلية، وبسبب كثرة القضايا العقلية من القسم الثاني فسينصب البحثُ على دراستها في ضوء ما طرحه في مؤلفاته الأصولية.وقد انتظم البحثُ في ثلاثة مطالب وخاتمة. بيَّنتُ في المطلب الأول تعريف الدليل العقلي، وأنَّ قضاياه تنقسم على قسمين،هي المستقلات العقلية، وغير المستقلات العقلية. وأَورَدتُ في المطلب الثاني القضايا العقلية غير المستقلة التي ثبتت حجيتها عند العلَّامةِ الحلّيِّ. وعَرَضتُ في المطلب الثالث القضايا العقلية غير المستقلة التي لم تثبت حجيتها عنده. وذكرتُ في الخاتمة أَهَمِّ النتائج التي توصلت إليها.