bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Influence of Water Micro Assemblies on Protein Folding, Enzyme Catalysis and Membrane Dynamics
Authors: Tozzi Arturo
Published: January 2025

Water is central to biological processes not only as a solvent but also as an agent shaping macromolecular behaviour. Insights into water micro-assemblies (WMA), defined by transient regions of low-density water (LDW) and high-density water (HDW), have highlighted their potential impact on biological phenomena. LDW, with its structured hydrogen bonding networks and reduced density, stabilizes hydrophobic interfaces and promotes ordered molecular configurations. Conversely, HDW, with its dynamic and flexible nature, facilitates transitions, solute mobility and molecular flexibility. By correlating experimental observations with simulations, we explore the influence of WMA on three key biological processes. In protein folding, LDW may stabilize hydrophobic cores and secondary structures by forming structured exclusion zones, while HDW may introduce dynamic flexibility, promoting the resolution of folding intermediates and leading to dynamic rearrangements. In enzyme catalysis, LDW may form structured hydration shells around active sites stabilizing active sites over longer timescales, while HDW may support substrate access and catalytic flexibility within active sites. In membrane dynamics, LDW may stabilize lipid headgroups, forming structured hydration layers that enhance membrane rigidity and stability, while HDW may ensure the nanosecond-scale flexibility required for vesicle formation and fusion. Across these tree processes, the WMA’s energy contributions, timescales and spatial scales align with the forces and dynamics involved, highlighting the role of LDW and HDW in modulating cellular interactions. This perspective holds implications for the design of lab-on-chip devices, advancements in sensor technologies, development of biomimetic membranes for drug delivery, creation of novel therapeutics and deeper understanding of protein misfolding diseases.
Morpholine-Substituted Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives as Potential mTOR Inhibitors: Synthesis, Computational Insights, and Cellular Analysis
Authors: Dey Rajdeep , Shaw Suman , Yadav Ruchi , Patel Bhumika D. , Bhatt Hardik G. , Natesan Gopal , Jha Abhishek B. , Chaube Udit
Published: January 2025

This study explores the design and synthesis of substituted tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) derivatives as potential mTOR inhibitors for targeted cancer therapy. Inspired by the structural characteristics of known mTOR inhibitors, eight novel derivatives were synthesized, characterized using advanced spectroscopic techniques, and evaluated for anticancer activity. Computational studies, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, highlighted the derivative's strong binding affinity and stability within the mTOR active site. In-vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated potent and selective anticancer activity against A549, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines, with minimal toxicity toward normal cells. Compound 10e emerged as the most promising candidate, displaying exceptional activity against A549 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.033 µM) and inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, surpassing standard agents like Everolimus and 5 Flurouracil. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that incorporating trifluoromethyl and morpholine moieties significantly enhanced selectivity and potency. MD simulations further validated these findings, confirming stable protein-ligand interactions and favorable dynamics over a 100-ns simulation period. Collectively, this study underscores the therapeutic potential of THQ derivatives, particularly compound 10e, as promising mTOR inhibitors with potential applications in lung cancer treatment.
A Novel Approach to Incarcerated Femoral Hernia Repair in a Jehovah’s Witness Patient: A Case Report of Meshless Open McVay Repair
Authors: Hamza Naeem
Published: January 2025

Background: Femoral hernias are a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate surgical intervention. Case: We present a unique case report of an incarcerated femoral hernia in a Jehovah's Witness patient who underwent a meshless open McVay repair. The patient's religious beliefs, which prohibit blood transfusions and limit the use of blood products, significantly influenced our surgical approach. Conclusion: We discuss the challenges of operating on Jehovah's Witnesses and highlight the importance of multidisciplinary teamwork in achieving a successful outcome.
Short-Term Electric Load Forecasting of an Industrial Plant Using Machine Learning-Based Algorithms
Authors: Timur Oğuzhan , Üstünel Halil Yaşar
Published: January 2025

As the global energy landscape evolves towards sustainability, the extensive usage of fossil fuels in electricity generation is progressively diminishing, while the contribution of renewable energy sources is steadily increasing. In this evolving scenario,importance of load forecasting cannot be overstated in optimising energy management and ensuring the efficient operation of industrial plants regardless of their scale. By accurately anticipating energy demand, industral facilities can enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and facilitate the adoption of renewable energy technologies in the power grid. Recent studies have emphasised the pervasive utilisation of machine learning-based algorithms in the field of electric load forecasting for industrial plants. Their capacity to analyse intricate patterns and enhance prediction accuracy renders them a favoured option for enhancing energy management and operational efficiency. The present analysis revolves around the creation of short-term electric load forecasting models for a large industrial plant operating in Adana, Türkiye. The integration of calendar, meteorological, and lagging electrical variables, along with machine learning-based algorithms, is employed to boost forecasting accuracy and optimize energy utilization.The ultimate objective of the present study is to conduct a thoroughgoing and detailed analysis of statistical performance and associated error metrics. The metrics to be employed include the R², MAE, RMSE, and MAPE.
Nutritional Trade-Offs in Drosophila
Authors: Morimoto Juliano
Published: January 2025

Animals often regulate their nutrient intake according to physiological needs. There is evidence that different traits require specific nutrient blends, and that animals cannot always maximise all traits with a single diet (‘nutritional trade-offs’). However, we still do not have a clear understanding of which traits might be involved in nutritional trade-offs. I compiled data from the Geometric Framework of nutrition literature on the ratio of protein and carbohydrates that maximise (best PC ratios) or minimise (worst PC ratios) several larval and adult traits in Drosophila melanogaster. Best and worst PC ratios clustered into three regions in the protein-carbohydrate nutrient space: (1) Low PC ratios (1:8 or higher) are best for lifespan but worst for growth or reproductive traits; (2) High PC ratios (1:1 or lower) are best for adult body mass, male reproduction and larval developmental time but worst for lifespan; (3) Intermediate PC ratios (between 1:1 and 1:8) are best for female lifetime egg production, female reproductive rate and larval survival. These findings support lifespan-reproduction nutritional trade-offs, highlight the potential for metamorphosis to solve nutritional trade-offs across life stages, and the potential for intralocus sexual conflict to emerge over the expression of metabolic genes.
Is a Perioperative Opioid-Sparing Anesthesia-Analgesia Strategy Feasible in Open Thoracotomies? Findings from a Retrospective Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Nyktari Vasileia , Stefanakis Georgios , Papastratigakis Georgios , Diamantaki Helen , Koutoulaki Emmanouela , Vasilos Periklis , Giannakakis Giorgos , Bareka Metaxia , Papaioannou Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a perioperative opioid-sparing anesthesia-analgesia (OSA-A) technique without regional nerve blocks compared to standard opioid-based technique (OBA-A) in open thoracotomies. Methods: This retrospective, propensity-matched, case-control study was conducted at a university hospital from January 2017 to February 2021, including adult patients undergoing open thoracotomy for lung or pleura pathology. Sixty patients in the OSA-A group were matched with 40 in the OBA-A group. Outcomes included postoperative pain scores on days 0, 1, and 2; 24-hour postoperative morphine consumption; PACU and hospital length of stay; time to bowel movement; and rates of nausea and vomiting. Results: Of 120 eligible patients, 100 had complete records (60 OSA-A, 40 OBA-A). Demographics were similar, but ASA status scores were higher in the OBA-A group. The OSA-A group reported significantly lower pain levels at rest, during cough, and on movement on the first two postoperative days, shorter PACU stay, and required fewer opioids. They also had better gastrointestinal motility (p
Preliminary Study to Understand the Role of Gut Microbiota on Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon (CSFP)
Authors: Gurol Tayfun , Karaman Tayyip , Gurol Yesim , Sezerman Osman Ugur , Oktem-Okullu Sinem
Published: January 2025

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is characterized by a delayed flow of contrast medium through the coronary arteries, predominantly affecting smokers and young men with acute coronary syndrome. Over 20% of these patients experience readmission to coronary care units due to recurring chest pain. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies have boosted microbiome studies, revealing that the microbial community within the human body contributes to disease progression by releasing various substances. While the gut microbiome’s role in cardiovascular disease is well-documented, its relationship with CSFP remains under investigation. This study aims to compare the gut microbiota of CSFP patients to healthy controls. Results highlight the potential significance of the genus Gemmiger and species Anaerobutyricum in the selenium metabolism pathway, suggesting their viability as microbial indicators for CSFP, especially given the link between Selenium deficiency and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, an increased presence of bacteria involved in producing trimethylamine (TMA), a metabolite linked to cardiovascular issues, was observed in CSFP patients. Although the study did not achieve statistical significance due to sample size limitations, findings support the potential importance of these microbial markers.
Adipocyte-Derived CCHamide-1, Eiger, Growth-Blocking Peptide 3, and Unpaired 2 Regulate Drosophila melanogaster Oogenesis
Authors: Simmons Chad , Williams Isaiah H , Bradshaw Tancia , Armstrong Alissa Richmond
Published: January 2025

In addition to energy storage, adipose tissue communication to other organs plays a key role in regulating organismal physiology. While the link between adipose tissue dysfunction and pathophysiology, including diabetes, chronic inflammation, and infertility, is clear, the molecular mechanisms that underlie these associations have not been fully described. We use Drosophila melanogaster as a model to better understand how adipose tissue communicates to the ovary. In this study, we utilized D. melanogaster’s robust genetic toolkit to examine the role of adipokines known to control larval growth during development, CCHamide-1, CCHamide-2, eiger, Growth-blocking peptide 3, and unpaired 2, in regulating oogenesis. We show that the adult fat body expresses these “larval” adipokines. Our data indicates that ovarian germline stem cell maintenance does not require these adipokines. However, adipocyte-derived CCHamide-1, eiger, Growth-blocking peptide 3, and unpaired 2 influence early and late germline survival as well as ovulation. Thus, this work uncovers several adipokines that mediate fat-to-ovary communication.
Genome-Wide Reidentification and Transcriptome Analysis of Mads-Box Gene Family in Cucumber
Authors: Wang Zimo , Chang Jingshu , Han Jing , Yin Mengmeng , Wang Xuehua , Ren Zhonghai , Wang Lina
Published: January 2025

MADS-box transcription factors play an important role in plant growth and development. Although previous studies have carried out genome-wide analysis of the MADS-box family in cucumber, with the update of the genome data of Cucurbitaceae, this paper re-identified and analyzed the differences of the family genes in different genome versions. The results showed that a total of 48 CsMADS-box genes were identified in the V3 version of cucumber, while three of the 43 genes identified in the V1 version were duplicated. The V1 version actually has only 40 genes. Additionally, we analyzed the variability in protein sequences and found that the amino acid sequences of 14 genes showed no differences between the two versions of the database, while the amino acid sequences of 29 genes exhibited significant differences. Further analysis of conserved motifs revealed that although the amino acid lengths of 15 genes had changed, their conserved motifs remained unchanged; however, the conserved motifs of 12 genes had altered. Furthermore we found that motif1 and motif2 were present in most proteins, indicating that they are highly conserved. Gene structure analysis revealed that most type I (Mα, Mβ) MADS-box genes lack introns, whereas type II (MIKC) genes exhibit a similar structure with a higher number of introns. Chromosomal localization analysis indicated that CsMADS-box genes are unevenly distributed across the seven chromosomes of cucumber. Promoter region analysis showed that the promoter regions of CsMADS-box genes contain response elements related to plant growth and development, suggesting that CsMADS-box genes may be extensively involved in plant growth and development. Different CsMADS-box genes exhibit specific high expression in roots, stems, leaves, tendrils, male flowers, female flowers, and ovaries, suggesting that these genes play crucial roles in the growth, development, and morphogenesis of cucumber. Moreover, 26, 18, 8, and 10 CsMADS-box genes were differentially expressed under high temperature, NaCl and/or silicon, downy mildew, and powdery mildew treatments, respectively. Interestingly, CsMADS07 and CsMADS16 responded to all tested stress conditions. These findings provide a reference and basis for further investigation into the function and mechanisms of the MADS-box genes for resistance breeding in cucumber.
Exploring Perianal Fistulas: Insights into Biochemical, Genetic and Epigenetic Influences – a Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kawecki Maciej Przemysław , Kruk Agnieszka Marianna , Drążyk Mateusz , Domagała Zygmunt , Woźniak Sławomir
Published: January 2025

The development of perianal fistulas leads to significant decrease in the quality of patients’ lives. The onset of this condition is dependent on many factors, including inflammation or trauma. In the occurrence of Crohn’s Disease-associated fistulas, numerous molecular factors and metabolic pathways are involved. To integrate the current knowledge on the biochemical, genetic, and epigenetic factors taking part in the development of perianal fistulas, we conducted a literature review. We gathered and analyzed 39 articles on this subject. The pathophysiology of fistulas associated with Crohn’s disease (CD) involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and matrix remodeling enzymes, with key regulators including transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-13 (IL-13). Genetic factors, such as mutations in receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), interleukin-10 receptor (IL-10R), and the MEFV gene, contribute to the onset and severity of perianal fistulas, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. Understanding the complex interplay of molecular pathways and genetic predispositions offers insights into personalized treatment strategies for this challenging condition. Further research is necessary to elucidate the intricate mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of perianal fistulas and to identify new therapeutic interventions.
A Biosocial Perspective to Understand Prescription Practices: Analysis from a Public Community Health Centre in North India
Authors: Surial Rashmi , Sahay Sundeep , Modgil Vinay , Mukherjee Arunima , Bhandari Ritika Kondal
Published: January 2025

It is well established by research that large-scale and indiscriminate prescribing, dispensing and use of antimicrobials drive antimicrobial resistance (AMR) endangering the health and well-being of people, animals, and the environment. In the context of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the prescribing of antimicrobials is often not based on biomedical rationality but involves alternative logic driven by social, cultural, and institutional factors. This paper seeks to develop a “biosocial” perspective, reflecting a unified perspective that treats the biomedical and social conditions as two sides of the same coin. This integrated perspective helps develop synergistic insights on both the nature of prescriptions and why they occur. This analysis is based on an empirical investigation of prescription slips that patients carry to buy drugs from the pharmacy following an outpatient department encounter with the clinician. Data collection involves mixed methods, including the quantitative analysis of the antimicrobials prescribed and a qualitative analysis of the underlying reasons for these prescriptions, as described by doctors, pharmacists, and patients. Data analysis involved triangulating quantitative and qualitative data, to develop a “biosocial” perspective, which can provide implications for the development of antimicrobial stewardship policies, particularly relevant for health institutions in low- and middle-income countries.
Effect of Light on Yield, Nutritive Value of Brachiaria decumbens and Soil Properties in Silvopastoral Systems, Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Díaz María , Alegre Julio , Gómez Carlos , García Carlos , Arévalo-Hernández Cesar
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the effect of light conditions on the yield and nutritional value of Brachiaria decumbens (Brachiaria) in different silvopastoral systems (SPS) in the Peruvian Amazon, aiming to contribute to developing sustainable livestock systems. A 3 × 2 factorial design with three replications was used to compare three SPS with Inga edulis (guaba), Eucalyptus torrelliana (eucalyptus), and Cedrelinga cateniformis (tornillo) under shaded and open-field conditions. The results showed no significant interactions between the SPS and light conditions for most variables evaluated. However, forage availability per cut was higher in the guaba system under shade (1406 kg DM ha⁻¹). Protein content was significantly higher in the tornillo system (10.64%) and under shade (9.55%). eucalyptus increased neutral detergent fiber (69.72%), while metabolizable energy reached its highest in the guava system (8.09 MJ kg⁻¹ DM). Principal component analysis revealed that guaba improves soil moisture and cation exchange capacity; tornillo increases forage protein and soil phosphorus; and eucalyptus influences fiber and soil bulk density. Integrating Brachiaria into SPS with guaba under shade enhances forage production and soil structure, highlighting the potential of SPS for sustainable livestock in tropical regions.
The Symmetry Number Structure About Line-1/2
Authors: Yajun Liu
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we discuss the symmetry number structure about line-1/2 . We find that using the symmetry characters of those structures we can give proofs of the number Conjectures: Goldbach Conjecture、Twins Prime Conjecture and Polignac’s conjecture and the Riemann Hypothesis. In this paper, we also gave concise proofs of the Fermat’ Last Theorem and the 3n+1 conjecture.
Improving Equipment Utilization and Maintenance Using IoT Sensors in Construction Projects
Authors: Daniel Samon , Olaoye Godwin
Published: January 2025

Efficient equipment utilization and maintenance are critical to the success of construction projects, where delays and cost overruns often stem from equipment downtime and mismanagement. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors offers a transformative approach to addressing these challenges by enabling real-time data collection, predictive analytics, and enhanced operational efficiency. This paper explores the applications of IoT sensors in improving equipment performance, optimizing utilization, and reducing maintenance costs. Key features such as real-time tracking, predictive maintenance, and operational analytics are discussed, highlighting their impact on productivity, safety, and sustainability. Additionally, the paper examines challenges associated with IoT implementation, including initial investment, data security, and workforce training, while presenting case studies to demonstrate its effectiveness. With the potential to revolutionize construction management, IoT sensors pave the way for smarter, more efficient, and cost-effective construction projects.
Comparison of Square-Stepping and Strengthening Exercises via Telerehabilitation in Individuals with COPD: A Randomised Trial
Authors: Özel Alp , Yümin Eylem Tütün , Konuk Suat
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, treatable condition causing respiratory symptoms and systemic effects. Physical activity can improve cognitive function in individuals with COPD, with Square-Stepping Exercise (SSE), a multitasking program combining cognitive and physical tasks, showing potential benefits. This study compares the effects of SSE and strengthening exercises (SE) on cognitive function and balance in individuals with COPD via telerehabilitation. Methods: This randomized clinical trial involved 34 male individuals with COPD divided into SSE and SE groups (n=17 each). Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and balance was measured with the Biodex Balance System. Both interventions were conducted over 8 weeks through telerehabilitation. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in cognitive function (p=0.01). However, the SSE group showed greater improvements in balance, particularly in the overall stability index and anterior/posterior stability index (p=0.014 and p=0.05). The SE group had minor improvements in specific balance parameters, such as the "eyes open, firm surface" condition (p=0.029). Although cognitive gains were similar between the groups, balance improvement was more pronounced in the SSE group. Conclusions: AThis randomized trial revealed that both SSE and SE, delivered via telerehabilitation, significantly improved cognitive function in individuals with COPD, with SSE offering superior balance enhancement. These findings suggest that multitasking exercises like SSE may have a synergistic effect on both cognitive and physical functions, reducing the risk of falls in individuals with COPD.
Characterization of Sublingual Microvascular Tortuosity in Steady-State Physiology and Septic Shock
Authors: Chalkias Athanasios , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Katsifa Konstantina , Destounis Antonios , Gravos Athanasios , Kanakaki Sofia , Karapiperis Georgios , Koufaki Faidra , Prekates Athanasios , Tselioti Paraskevi
Published: January 2025

Background: The characteristics of hemodynamic coherence in healthy states and disease remain unknown. Capillary tortuosity is a morphologic variant of microcirculatory vessels but its effects have generally not been considered in the assessment of tissue perfusion and oxygenation. We investigated the role of sublingual capillary tortuosity in the hemodynamic coherence of anesthetized individuals with steady-state physiology and patients with septic shock. Methods: Sublingual macro- and microcirculatory variables, oxygen transport, metabolic parameters and the capillary tortuosity score (CTS) were assessed. Results: Mean (SD) CTS was 0.55 (0.76) and 3.31 (0.86) in the steady-state and septic shock group, respectively (p < 0.001). In patients with septic shock, CTS was significantly associated with Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient (r = 0.658, p = 0.015) and oxygen debt (r = –0.769, p = 0.002). Significant differences were also observed in Consensus Proportion of Perfused Vessels (PPV; p < 0.001), Consensus PPV (small) (p < 0.001), Microvascular Flow Index (p < 0.001), vessel diameter (p < 0.001) and length (p < 0.001), wall shear stress (p < 0.001), lactate (p < 0.001), oxygen extraction ratio (p = 0.001), arterial oxygen content (p < 0.001), venous oxygen content (p < 0.001), oxygen delivery (p < 0.001), oxygen consumption (p < 0.001), and oxygen debt (p = 0.002) between the two groups. Conclusion: Sublingual tortuosity was essentially absent in individuals with steady-state physiology. In contrast, it was significantly increased and associated with Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient and oxygen debt in critically ill patients with septic shock.
Knockdown of MBD3 Promotes Pluripotency and In Vitro Differentiation Ability of Bovine iPSCs by Reducing DNA Damage via HIF1A During Reprogramming
Authors: Yuan Wen , Wang Jing , Long Shun , Liu Fang , Geng Xiaoxiong , Su Mengrui , Wang Yiyang , Li Chen , Yue Yongli , Li Xueling
Published: January 2025

The DNA damage response (DDR) is susceptible to occurrence during the reprogram-ming process induced by Yamanaka factors, which constrains the generation and ap-plication of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The present study demonstrates that the knockdown (KD) of MBD3, a member of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, reduced DDR during the early stages of bovine somatic cell re-programming, and enhanced pluripotency and in vitro differentiation ability of bovine iPSCs. MBD3 KD reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by upregulated of HIF1A expression, which mitigate DNA damage and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in bovine iPSCs. Conversely, the overexpression of MBD3 increased DNA damage throughout the reprogramming process. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the knockdown of MBD3 during reprogramming can reduce DNA damage and promote the generation of bovine iPSCs with enhanced pluripotency and in vitro differentiation ability.
Analyzing IoT-Driven Solutions for Improving Compliance with Construction Safety Standards
Authors: Daniel Samon , Olaoye Godwin
Published: January 2025

The construction industry is one of the most hazardous sectors, facing persistent challenges in maintaining safety and adhering to regulatory compliance. This study explores the role of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in improving compliance with construction safety standards. IoT devices, such as wearable sensors, environmental monitors, and equipment trackers, provide real-time data and actionable insights that enhance hazard detection, risk management, and regulatory adherence. The analysis highlights key benefits, including improved worker safety, automated reporting, and predictive maintenance, while addressing challenges such as high implementation costs, data security concerns, and workforce adaptation. Case studies of IoT applications demonstrate their effectiveness in mitigating accidents and enhancing safety compliance. Emerging trends, including the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and 5G connectivity, further underscore the transformative potential of IoT in advancing construction safety. This study concludes with recommendations for effective adoption and highlights the future trajectory of IoT in creating safer construction environments.
Antitumor Effects of Phenols and Peptides from Streptomyces violaceochromogenes M12 on Breast Cancer in Mice
Authors: Fathiroshan Parmida , Salehghamari Ensieh , Taher Maryam , Mahdavi Majid , Irian Saeed , Etesami Seyed Alireza
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer, the most common cancer globally, has prompted research into alternative treatments due to potential harm from conventional methods. Bacterial agents, particularly actinomycetes, are being explored as a source of biologically active secondary metabolites with antitumor properties and other pharmaceutical applications. This study investigated the antitumor activity of Streptomyces violaceochromogenes strain M12 extract against breast cancer. The extract's cytotoxic effect was evaluated on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-10A cell lines using MTT assay, real-time PCR, and flow cytometry. The MCF7 cell line showed the lowest survival rate at 48 hours (IC50: 24.58 μg/ml), while the extract demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against MCF-10A cells. Treatment of MCF-7 cells resulted in increased apoptotic cells. Gene expression analysis revealed reduced Bax and caspase 9 levels, while caspase 8 expression and caspase 3/7 activity increased, suggesting an extrinsic apoptosis pathway. In vivo studies using Balb/c mice showed reduced mitoses, nuclear pleomorphism, and tumor angiogenesis in tumor tissue. LC-MS analysis identified 11 metabolites, mostly phenolic and peptid compounds in the extract, potentially contributing to its apoptotic effect. These findings indicate that the S. violaceochromogenes M12 extract effectively induces MCF-7 cell death and may serve as a promising alternative treatment for breast cancer.
A Chain Key Model Based on Message Hash Chain
Authors: Jiang Wenbao , Ding Jin , Wang Yongpan , Du Huiming
Published: January 2025

To address the issue of key lifespan in key security, a chain key model based on a message hash chain is proposed. This model breaks away from the traditional scheme of generating random keys using random number generators, using plaintext features as a source of randomness, and generates the next key in conjunction with the current key, achieving key updates on a per-packet basis. The verification of the message hash chain node values ensures the consistency of the keys. The model utilizes messages and hash functions to enhance the randomness and secrecy of the keys. Security analysis shows that the complexity of cracking any key is O(2^n) . Experiments indicate that compared to the IPsec system, this model significantly reduces the lifespan of keys, and the Hamming distance, autocorrelation coefficient, and entropy value of the generated key hash chain conform to random characteristics. By introducing this model to generate the seed keys for the Salsa sequence cipher, the security and randomness of the Salsa sequence cipher are enhanced, increasing its complexity from the original O(2^n) to O(m2^2n), and when the transmitted message is 1400 bytes, the encryption efficiency is improved by more than 35% compared to the use of AES encryption in IPsec.
Emerging Insights into Granulomatous and Amyloidogenic Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Bukhari Syed , Younus Adnan , Bashir Zubair
Published: January 2025

Granulomatous and amyloidogenic cardiomyopathies are infiltrative conditions that can be fatal if left untreated. Among these, cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac sarcoidosis are significant but often underdiagnosed causes of heart failure, each serving as cardiac manifestations of broader systemic diseases. Advancements in imaging techniques, along with the emergence of novel therapies—particularly for cardiac amyloidosis—have brought these conditions into sharper focus for both clinicians and researchers. The assessment of patients' cardiac and extracardiac symptoms, combined with echocardiography, is crucial in raising initial suspicion for these diseases. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is essential for differentiating between the two, as distinct late gadolinium enhancement patterns are observed in each condition. Additional diagnostic value is provided by positron emission tomography and Technetium-labeled nuclear scintigraphy, which can help confirm the diagnosis in the majority of patients. Early diagnosis is key to improving outcomes. Treatment strategies for these conditions differ significantly: cardiac amyloidosis is primarily managed with disease-modifying therapies for the transthyretin subtype and chemotherapy for the AL subtype, while cardiac sarcoidosis is treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs aimed at reducing inflammation.
Investigation of Jet Pump Performance through Experimental and Computational Methods Under Varying Suction Lifts, Pressures, and Nozzle Lengths
Authors: Saraçyakupoğlu Tamer , Pancar Yaşar , Akgün Baturalp
Published: January 2025

Jet pumps are widely used in various industrial and commercial applications, including aircraft fuel jettison systems, chemical plants, refineries, and water treatment facilities. This study examines the correlation between laboratory experiments on jet pumps and computer-based analyses. We conducted a total of 108 fuel flow experiments under pre-assigned parameters for suction lifts, pressures, and nozzle lengths, using water as the testing medium. Each measurement was taken in three separate trials to ensure the results were averaged mathematically. In the computer-based tests, Bernoulli’s principle and the mass continuity law were expertly translated into code. The results from these simulations were then compared with the experimental measurements to verify their accuracy. The study concluded that there is a linear relationship between the nozzle length, suction lift, and flow rate, as anticipated in accordance with the Venturi effect. Additionally, it was observed that the flow rate increased with a decrease in suction lift, an increase in nozzle length, and an increase in pressure. Conversely, the lowest flow rate was recorded when the highest suction lift, the shortest nozzle length, and the lowest pressure were employed.
Differential Quasilinearization Method for Solving Initial Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Qiu Jia
Published: January 2025

The differential quasilinearization method (DQM) is presented as an effective technique for obtaining approximate analytical solutions to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). This method converts general ODEs into a sequence of linear ODEs, facilitating efficient computation of successive approximations. As demonstrated by examples in the text, DQM is especially well-suited for addressing implicit or nonlinear ODEs.
Transvaginal Ultrasound Findings Predicting Prolonged Pregnancy in Cases of Prolapsed Fetal Membrane: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kondo Tomohiro , Tsuda Hiroyuki , Tsugeno Eri , Nakamura Yumi , Ito Yumiko , Tezuka Atsuko , Ando Tomoko
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Fetal membrane prolapse can occur due to advanced cervical insufficiency. We investigated the yet unclear predictors of prolonged pregnancy in women with prolapsed fetal membranes. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 100 pregnant women with prolapsed fetal membranes between November 2017 and March 2023. We examined the correlation between transvaginal ultrasound findings at the time of admission and the duration of prolonged pregnancy, which was defined as the period from admission to delivery. We defined five trans-vaginal ultrasound indices: 1) width of the external os, 2) maximum width of the pro-lapsed fetal membrane, 3) distance from the external os to the presenting part of the fetus, 4) thickness of the posterior uterine lip, and 5) morphology of the prolapsed fetal membrane. Results: Women who underwent cervical cerclage comprised the cerclage group (n=17), while those who underwent conservative management comprised the non-cerclage group (n=83). The pregnancy period was significantly longer in the cerclage group than in the non-cerclage group (81.4 days vs. 9.1 days, P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that type A morphology was a significant factor for prolonged pregnancy in the non-cerclage group (P<0.05), which was significantly associated with a prolonged pregnancy period of over 7 days (P=0.037). Conclusions: In cases of prolapsed fetal membranes, cerclage is challenging because of the high risk of iatrogenic preterm rupture of the membrane; however, if successful, the pregnancy outcome is significantly improved. Morphological evaluation using ultrasonography is simple and easy to understand and correlates well with pregnancy outcomes, making it very useful.
Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Basis of the Difference in Flavonoid Accumulation in 6 Medicinal Tissues of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)
Authors: Yu Zhibiao , Zhou Xiru , Luo Yuanfang , Liang Lei , Hu Zheng , Ding Zhangfeng , Jiang Yihao
Published: January 2025

(1) Background: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic plant with a long history, with ornamental, edible, medicinal, and commercial value. All parts of lotus are important “homologous and different effects” medicinal herbs as distinct parts of the same plant with different medicinal effects. (2) Methods: Six representative medicinal parts of lotus were selected, i.e., lotus flower (Nelumbinis Flos, Flo), lotus petiolous (Nelumbinis Petiolus, Pet), lotus seedpod (Nelumbinis Receptaculum, Rec), lotus stamen (Nelumbinis Stamen, Sta), lotus seed (Nelumbinis Semen, Sem), and lotus plumule (Nelumbinis Plumula, Plu). Analyzed via UPLC-MS/MS for metabolite profiling and RNA sequencing for gene expression. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified several transcription factor families related to flavonoid synthesis. (3) Results: Distinct metabolite accumulation and gene expression patterns were observed, particularly in the flavonoid synthesis pathway. Key findings included important metabolic profiles in stamens, high flavonoid content in light-exposed tissues, and functional differentiation in seeds and plumules. The discovered transcription factor families are essential for flavonoid biosynthesis and contribute to molecular breeding and resource utilization. (4) Conclusion: This study provides an important theoretical basis for molecular breeding of lotus, quality control of medicinal materials, and the rational use of resources obtained from different medicinal parts of lotus.
Morphological and molecular analysis of Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) from Brazil
Authors: Cárdenas Melissa Querido , Araujo Gabriel de Farias , Ramos-de-Souza Jucicleide , Oliveira Amanda Gleyce Lima de , Saggioro Enrico Mendes
Published: January 2025

The zebrafish, Danio rerio, is an important vertebrate model organism across various scientific disciplines. The current study reports the nematode larva, Eustrongylides sp., presence, in zebrafish from a pet shop, acquired by Fundação Oswaldo Cruz for toxicity studies. Morphological and molecular data from this nematode are given herein, contributing to the understanding of this helminth and aiding future studies. The occurrence of this larva demonstrates the importance of controlling the management of D. rerio, since this fish is widely used as an experimental model.
Prematurity-associated comorbidity on the example of neonatal sepsis
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Liulka T.S. , Doroshenko I.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Loshkova E.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rafikova Yu.S. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Zhelev V.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Grishkevich I.R. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Yankina G.N. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Goreva M.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Sepsis as the most common infectious complication continues to cause severe and potentially fatal conditions in premature infants. A severe or “comorbid” condition manifests as a combination of pathologies in various organ systems involving multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. In this case, the authors of the article focus on the consequences of prematurity-associated comorbidity, that is, the consequences of those combined diseases to which small-for-gestational age infants with extremely low birth weight are prone and which should be recognized by specialists after the neonatal period, despite the difficulties of early diagnosis. This article presents a clinical case of neonatal sepsis with simultaneous involvement of the respiratory, nervous, digestive, and bone systems and other metabolic manifestations. By analyzing the literature on this topic, the authors show the connection between pathological conditions within comorbidity in a single patient to develop and improve the clinical thinking of physicians regarding a condition such as prematurity-associated comorbidity. The authors hope that this literature review with the description of a clinical case will be valuable in terms of practical applicability for clinicians working in outpatient and inpatient settings as well as for researchers.
Key words: sepsis, comorbidity, microbiological monitoring, nosocomial flora, newborn, premature infant
The Portrayal of Conversational Narcissism in The Short Film Pemean
Authors: Nurhaliza Hasna , Dadela Rae
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study intends to show how Mbak Sum’s utterances in the short film Pemean flout Grice’s conversational maxim (1975) and lead to the portrayal of conversational narcissism proposed by Vangelisti et al. (1990). Based on the findings, the maxim of quantity is the most frequently flouted maxim in Mbak Sum’s utterances, followed by the maxim of quality and the maxim of relevance. The main conversational implicatures interpreted from the thirteen utterances said by Mbak Sum reveal the act of boasting about Mbak Sum's wealth to provoke admiration and envy from Dek Asih. This study succeeded in revealing a strong connection between the flouting of Gricean maxims and the concept of conversational narcissism in the film. This is proven by the utterances from Mbak Sum that reflect 6 out of 9 important features of conversational narcissistic behaviour as stated in the previous study by Vangelisti and colleagues (1990).
The Application of The Pancasila Profile in The Skill Aspect at SDN Tayem East 3
Authors: Azizah Amalia Nurul , Sofyan Alwi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the application of the Pancasila profile in the aspect of skills at SDN Tayem Timur 3. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were school principals, teachers, and students of grades V and VI. The results of the study show that the application of the Pancasila profile in the skills aspect at SDN Tayem Timur 3 is quite good, as can be seen from the development of student’s skills in various aspects such as critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills. In addition, the application of the Pancasila profile also helps increase student awareness of Pancasila values as a guide in everyday life. However, more efforts are still needed to improve the quality of the application of the Pancasila profile in the skills aspect, such as by providing training and guidance to teachers and students.
The Existence of Women in the Pre- and Post-Reformation Period in The Novel Laut Bercerita: A Review of Feminism
Authors: Ju Roh Jung , M. Yoesoef M. Yoesoef , Setyani Turita Indah
Published: January 2025

Women are faced with various stereotypes of being second-class beings. The female must accept being a being who must be under the position of the male. However, in contrast to such stereotypes, literary works are able to show a deconstruction of the conditions and situations of women as empowered beings. This is illustrated through one of Indonesia's novels entitled Laut Bercerita by Leila S. Chudori. Women are described as figures who have a role to be able to show their existence even though at that time there was political turmoil before 1998. One of the important things that deconstructs stereotypes is the existence of strong women who are able to heal male characters through their efforts. Women who are usually used as second sex in patriarchal confines seek to be undermined in the narrative of the novel. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to dismantle the existence of women in the time of turmoil before and after the reformation in the novel Laut Bercerita. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with the approach of Simon de Beauvoir existentialist feminism. The results of this study show that women managed to get out of the notion of second sex by showing existence in the public domain by getting a proper education and job in the public domain, being able to struggle to find their brother's character and her brother's colleague who were victims of student disappearance in 1998, being able to cure men due to kidnapping and torture in 1998, and the struggle to get information on the development of cases of losing older siblings  and his brother's partner in the period before 1998.
The Symbolic Violence In “Imperfect” (Pierre Bourdieu's Review of Critical Discourse Analysis)
Authors: Amal Yunus Khoirul , Wibowo Prasetyo Adi Wisnu , Pitana Titis Srimuda
Published: January 2025

The film "Imperfect" (2019) is an Indonesian film that tells the story of the pressure in women's lives related to their body shape. A woman's body that does not conform to developing standards will be pressured to conform to existing standards. Symbolic violence that occurs against women is happening nowadays, and society considers beauty to have an ideal physique, regardless of one's qualities, but women who have an ideal physique are more valued and more attractive. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique used is observation on imperfect films. To answer this problem, the researcher uses the theoretical approach of critical discourse analysis and symbolic violence from Pierre Bourdieu. The results showed that; 1) discourse about women who have an ideal body, have white skin, are tall, and have straight hair are always considered as women who deserve attention and always get their own privileges; 2) Discourse related to the standard of beauty for women has developed and can lead to symbolic violence because women who do not meet the standards of beauty set above will always be marginalized and compared as a form of symbolic violence.
The Relationship Between Linguistic Intelligence and Social Interaction of Buddhist Young People: A Perspective on Buddhist Education
Authors: Putra Prinyana , Gautama Sidartha Adi , Sap Vike Aprilianin Marwintaria , Avitasari Iin , Seneru Wistina , Karsinah Karsinah , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Pramono Eko
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to find out how linguistic intelligence relates to social interaction between young men and women in monasteries from the point of view of Buddhist education. The problems that occur in students are difficulty in expressing opinions, lack of vocabulary that inhibits good self-expression, misunderstandings in communication, and lack of consistent practice, which can reduce language skills. Linguistic A person's ability to use language effectively, both in writing and speaking, is known as intelligence, including the ability to understand, interpret, and express ideas or information clearly and accurately. Social interaction is a relationship or communication between two or more people who talk or do something that has an impact on each other. This can be a conversation, cooperation, or other everyday actions involving other people. This research is classified as a correlational research that uses a quantitative approach. The population of this study was the Buddhist Youth in one of Buddhist Temple in West Jakarta, totaling 30 respondents. The respondents used for the instrument trial in this study were 30 respondents Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that among the Vihara youth there is a relationship between each other and social interaction, with a relationship magnitude value of 0.834 and a significance level of 0.000 at the extreme level.