bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alkaloid avoidance in poison frog tadpoles
Authors: Sanchez Eugenia , Ramirez Travis , O’Connell Lauren A.
Published: January 2022

Animals show a spectrum of avoidance-tolerance to foods containing toxic secondary metabolites. However, this spectrum has not been evaluated in animals that may actively seek out these compounds as a chemical defense. Poison frogs sequester toxic and unpalatable alkaloids from their diet, and in some species, tadpoles are exposed to these toxins before the development of their skin granular glands, which are used for toxin compartmentalization. Here, we examined the effects of the alkaloid decahydroquinoline (DHQ) in tadpoles of the Mimetic poison frog, Ranitomeya imitator, using alkaloid supplemented food. We found that although their survival is lowered by the alkaloid, their development is only mildly affected, with no evident effects on their growth. Furthermore, locomotor activity and feeding behavior was altered in the first week of DHQ treatment, probably in part through nicotinic blockade. However, after two weeks, tadpoles learned to avoid the alkaloid by visiting the food area only when necessary to eat. Our results suggest that poison frogs navigate the avoidance-tolerance spectrum during the development of their sequestration machinery.

Animals avoid consuming toxic foods or have anti-toxin machinery to avoid food poisoning. Adult poison frogs eat toxic insects and store the toxins in their skin glands. Some poison frog species even feed their tadpoles with toxins to protect them from predation at the risk of poisoning them. In this study, we observed that toxic food did not affect the development of tadpoles because they quickly learned to eat just enough to grow without getting poisoned. Our results indicate that poison frogs use diverse ways to avoid food poisoning during development.
The mental health of staff working on Intensive Care Units over the COVID-19 winter surge of 2020 in England: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Hall Charlotte , Milward Joanna , Spoiala Cristina , Bhogal Jaskiran Kaur , Weston Dale , Potts Henry W. W. , Caulfield Tristan , Toolan Michael , Kanga Kate , El-Sheikha Sarah , Fong Kevin , Greenberg Neil
Published: January 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a surge of critically ill patients greater than the NHS’ capacity. Additionally, there have been multiple well-documented impacts associated with the national COVID-19 pandemic surge on ICU workers, including an increased prevalence of mental health disorders on a scale potentially sufficient to impair high-quality care delivery.

Aim

To identify prevalence of probable mental health disorders and functional impairment. As well as establish demographic and professional predictors of probable mental health disorders and functional impairment in ICU staff between November 2020 to April 2021.

Methods

English ICU staff were surveyed before, during and after the winter 2020/2021 surge using a survey which comprised of validated measures of mental health.

Results

6080 surveys were completed, by nurses (57.5%), doctors (27.9%), and other healthcare staff (14.5%). Reporting probable mental health disorders increased from 51% (prior to), to 64% (during) and then dropped to 46% (after). Younger, less experienced and nursing staff were most likely to report probable mental health disorders. Additionally, during and after the winter, over 50% of participants met threshold criteria for functional impairment. Staff who reported probable post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety or depression were more likely to meet threshold criteria for functional impairment.

Conclusions

The winter of 2020/2021 was associated with an increase in poor mental health outcomes and functional impairment during a period of peak caseload. These effects are likely to impact on patient care outcomes and the longer-term resilience of the healthcare workforce.
Socio-economic inequalities in adolescent mental health in the UK: multiple socio-economic indicators and reporter effects
Authors: Hazell Matthew , Thornton Emma , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan , Patalay Praveetha
Published: January 2022

There are socio-economic inequalities in the experience of mental ill-health. However, less is known about the extent of inequalities by different indicators of socio-economic position (SEP). This is relevant for insights into the mechanisms by which these inequalities arise. For young people’s mental health there is an additional layer of complexity provided by the widespread use of proxy reporters. Using data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N=10,969), we investigated the extent to which five SEP indicators (parent education, household income, household wealth, parent occupational status, and relative neighbourhood deprivation) predict adolescent internalising mental health (at ages 14 and 17 years) and how this varies as a function of reporter. Both parent report and adolescent self-report were considered. Regression models demonstrated that whilst greater disadvantage in all five SEP indicators were associated with greater parent-reported adolescent mental health symptoms, only those from more disadvantaged groups of income, wealth, occupational status, and parent education were associated with greater self-reported mental health symptoms. The magnitude of these effects was greater for parent-reported than self-reported adolescent internalising symptoms: SEP indicators jointly predicted 4.73% and 4.06% of the variance in parent-reported symptoms at ages 14 and 17 compared to 0.58% and 0.60% of the variance in self-reported internalising mental health. Household income predicted the most variance in parent reported adolescent internalising symptoms (2.95% variance at age 14 & 2.64% at age 17) and wealth the most for self-reported internalising symptoms (0.42% variance at age 14 & 0.36% at age 17). Interestingly, the gradient and variance explained of parent-reported adolescent mental health across SEP indicators mirrors that of parent’s own mental health (for example, income explained 4.89% variance at the age 14 sweep). Our findings highlight that the relevance of different SEP indicators to adolescent internalising mental health differs between parent and adolescent reports. Therefore, it is important to consider the various perspectives of mental health inequalities gained from different types of reporters.

Highlights

Income is the most predictive SEP indicator for adolescent internalising mental health (MH).

SEP indicators explain 0.6% of self and 4.7% of parent reported adolescent MH at 14.

Socio-economic inequalities in adolescent MH vary by reporter.

All five SEP indicators are associated with parent-reported adolescent MH.

SEP indicators have weaker associations with self-reported adolescent MH.
Effects of founder CEO duality and board size on foreign IPOs’ survival in US markets
Authors: Lee Sang-Youn , Ko Eun-Jeong
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how three critical governance decisions by foreign firms impacted their survivability post-initial public offerings (IPO): the choice of CEO (founder vs non-founder); the power the founder CEO wields relative to the board in terms of CEO duality; and board size.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses data from 86 foreign firms that completed IPOs in the US market between 2000 and 2008 and adopts a Cox proportional hazards model to examine how the founder, founder CEO duality and board size influence foreign firm delisting post-IPO.

Findings

A founder CEO or a founder CEO with duality (i.e. when a founder CEO is also chair of the board of directors) does not support a foreign firm’s survival post-IPO. Expectedly, board size has a negative impact on post-IPO firm survivability; however, founder CEO duality positively moderates this negative relationship. Therefore, founder CEO duality plays a positive indirect role in the context of post-IPO firms with large boards.

Originality/value

First, while the benefits of CEO duality have been empirically ambiguous, this study clarifies how founder CEO duality manifests its positive impacts in foreign listings. Second, by focusing on board cognition, this study confirms the negative impact of large boards, but highlights that this can be mitigated by governance leadership structure. Finally, despite organizational life-cycle theorists’ advocacy of the replacement of founder CEOs with professional CEOs in sizable ventures, this study shows the benefits of their retention when the board is large.
Reduced order field-circuit modeling of squirrel cage induction machines for automotive applications
Authors: Bíró Dániel , Diwoky Franz , Schmidt Erich
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The aim of the paper is to investigate the impacts of simplifications of a reduced-order simulation model of squirrel cage induction machines (SCIMs) by numerical experiments.

Design/methodology/approach

Design of setups to isolate the main influences on the results of the reduced-order model of SCIMs. Results of time-stepping finite element calculations are used as benchmark.

Findings

Whereas neglecting eddy current effects and the assumption of a sinusoidal rotor current distribution leads to acceptable deviations in regular inverter operation, the sampling and interpolation of the machine parameters in a two-axis coordinate system considerably deteriorate the model accuracy. Using a polar coordinate system for this purpose is expected to significantly improve the model quality.

Originality/value

Preparing the ground for a successful, both fast and accurate simulation model of SCIMs as parts of electrified drivetrains.
Cascade controllers design based on model matching in frequency domain for stable and integrating processes with time delay
Authors: Siddiqui Mohd Atif , Anwar Md Nishat , Laskar Shahedul Haque
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to present an efficient and simplified proportional-integral/proportional-integral and derivative controller design method for the higher-order stable and integrating processes with time delay in the cascade control structure (CCS).

Design/methodology/approach

Two approaches based on model matching in the frequency domain have been proposed for tuning the controllers of the CCS. The first approach is based on achieving the desired load disturbance rejection performance, whereas the second approach is proposed to achieve the desired setpoint performance. In both the approaches, matching between the desired model and the closed-loop system with the controller is done at a low-frequency point. Model matching at low-frequency points yields a linear algebraic equation and the solution to these equations yields the controller parameters.

Findings

Simulations have been conducted on several examples covering high order stable, integrating, double integrating processes with time delay and nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor. The performance of the proposed scheme has been compared with recently reported work having modified cascade control configurations, sliding mode control, model predictive control and fractional order control. The performance of both the proposed schemes is either better or comparable with the recently reported methods. However, the proposed method based on desired load disturbance rejection performance outperforms among all these schemes.

Originality/value

The main advantages of the proposed approaches are that they are directly applicable to any order processes, as they are free from time delay approximation and plant order reduction. In addition to this, the proposed schemes are capable of handling a wide range of different dynamical processes in a unified way.
Mindfulness-based practices, psychological capital, burnout and performance anxiety
Authors: Biswal Kalyani , Srivastava Kailash B.L.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The study examined the role of classroom-based mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) on psychological capital, burnout, and performance anxiety among business executives.

Design/Methodology/Approach

52 mid-level and senior leaders filled up a structured questionnaire on mindfulness, psychological capital, and performance anxiety before and after the intervention. They also participated in 2 week-long classroom-based mindfulness intervention programs for 1 hour daily.

Findings

The finding suggests that mindfulness-based intervention significantly improved PsyCap and reduced burnout and performance anxiety among the executives.

Research limitations/implications

Self-report measures, sample size, and programmed duration could be a limitation. We can plan long-term (4 weeks) intervention on cross-section data for better outcomes and generalizations.

Research implications

Mindfulness-based interventions can help save healthcare costs by reducing anxiety and burnout. Leaders can also quantify the value of such intervention for developing PsyCap.

Practical implications

Management should conduct mindfulness-based training programs, and leaders can practice it in their daily routine to improve psychological resources to reduce stress and better face workplace challenges.

Originality/value

The study's contribution was using the classroom-based mindfulness-based intervention to improve psychological capital and reduce dysfunctional outcomes in leaders.
Vibration analysis of two-dimensional micromorphic structures using quadrilateral and triangular elements
Authors: Kohansal Vajargah Mina , Ansari Reza
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The paper aims to presents a numerical analysis of free vibration of micromorphic structures subjected to various boundary conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

To accomplish this objective, first, a two-dimensional (2D) micromorphic formulation is presented and the matrix representation of this formulation is given. Then, two size-dependent quadrilateral and triangular elements are developed within the commercial finite element software ABAQUS. User element subroutine (UEL) is used to implement the micromorphic elements. These non-classical elements are capable of capturing the micro-structure effects by considering the micro-motion of materials. The effects of the side length-to-length scale parameter ratio and boundary conditions on the vibration behavior of 2D micro-structures are discussed in detail. The reliability of the present finite element method (FEM) is confirmed by the convergence studies and the obtained results are validated with the results available in the literature. Also, the results of micromorphic theory (MMT) are compared with those of micropolar and classical elasticity theories.

Findings

The study found that the size effect becomes very significant when the side length of micro-structures is close to the length scale parameter.

Originality/value

The study is to analyze the free vibrations of 2D micro-structures based on MMT; to develop a 2D formulation for micromorphic continua within ABAQUS; to propose quadrilateral and triangular micromorphic elements using UEL and to investigate size effects on the vibrational behavior of micro-structures with various geometries.
A narrative study on the psycho-social impact of sex trafficking on victim’s parents in the state of Karnataka
Authors: Goswami Indrajit , Jithu Sujatha M. , Dsilva Nigel Raylyn
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the life of the victim’s parents in Karnataka and to gain a better understanding of the consequences or impact of sex trafficking on them.

Design/methodology/approach

A narrative research design was used in the study. Applying the method of narrative inquiry and the concept of three common spaces, the study explored the actual life situations and experiences of the victim’s parents. The study covered three pairs of parents as participants from two cities, i.e. Mysore and Bangalore in the state of Karnataka. Data was collected through in-depth face-to-face interview, informal conversations, photographs and field notes.

Findings

The study found that the victims’ parents are living an isolated or socially alienated life with potential symptoms of behavioural, cognitive and emotional disorders. The study also found that the victim’s parents fundamental right to live with dignity and respect have been violated. A significant finding in the study was that the parents did not cite or refer to any substantial efforts undertaken by non-governmental organisations in reintegrating the victim’s families within their communities. There are many rehabilitative services available for the victims. Unfortunately, the victim’s parents mostly remain unnoticed and unattended by therapists, social work practitioners and policymakers. An appeal is made to therapists, social workers, policymakers and individuals to support the victim’s parents.

Originality/value

All forms of human trafficking, especially sex trafficking has drawn considerable interest from researchers, policymakers, charities and non-government agencies. However, very little is known about the living conditions of the victim’s parents, especially the psycho-social status in their families and neighbourhood. Therefore, it was pertinent to explore the life of the victim’s parents including violation of their human rights. It highlights the importance of support from the society in reintegrating the victim’s families with their communities. This paper contributes to the qualitative literature by providing narrative evidence, which will lead to better policymaking and designing effective support services for the victim’s parents.
Intelligent approach of score-based artificial fish swarm algorithm (SAFSA) for Parkinson's disease diagnosis
Authors: Abdul Gafoor Syed Haroon , Theagarajan Padma
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Conventional diagnostic techniques, on the other hand, may be prone to subjectivity since they depend on assessment of motions that are often subtle to individual eyes and hence hard to classify, potentially resulting in misdiagnosis. Meanwhile, early nonmotor signs of Parkinson’s disease (PD) can be mild and may be due to variety of other conditions. As a result, these signs are usually ignored, making early PD diagnosis difficult. Machine learning approaches for PD classification and healthy controls or individuals with similar medical symptoms have been introduced to solve these problems and to enhance the diagnostic and assessment processes of PD (like, movement disorders or other Parkinsonian syndromes).

Design/methodology/approach

Medical observations and evaluation of medical symptoms, including characterization of a wide range of motor indications, are commonly used to diagnose PD. The quantity of the data being processed has grown in the last five years; feature selection has become a prerequisite before any classification. This study introduces a feature selection method based on the score-based artificial fish swarm algorithm (SAFSA) to overcome this issue.

Findings

This study adds to the accuracy of PD identification by reducing the amount of chosen vocal features while to use the most recent and largest publicly accessible database. Feature subset selection in PD detection techniques starts by eliminating features that are not relevant or redundant. According to a few objective functions, features subset chosen should provide the best performance.

Research limitations/implications

In many situations, this is an Nondeterministic Polynomial Time (NP-Hard) issue. This method enhances the PD detection rate by selecting the most essential features from the database. To begin, the data set's dimensionality is reduced using Singular Value Decomposition dimensionality technique. Next, Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) for feature selection; the weight value is a vital parameter for finding the best features in PD classification.

Originality/value

PD classification is done by using ensemble learning classification approaches such as hybrid classifier of fuzzy K-nearest neighbor, kernel support vector machines, fuzzy convolutional neural network and random forest. The suggested classifiers are trained using data from UCI ML repository, and their results are verified using leave-one-person-out cross validation. The measures employed to assess the classifier efficiency include accuracy, F-measure, Matthews correlation coefficient.
Early statistics in kindergarten: analysis of an educator's pedagogical content knowledge in lessons promoting informal inferential reasoning
Authors: Estrella Soledad , Mendez-Reina Maritza , Olfos Raimundo , Aguilera Jocelyn
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to describe the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of a kindergarten educator who implements a lesson plan about informal inferential reasoning designed in a lesson study group.

Design/methodology/approach

To this end, we analyzed teaching interventions in two kindergarten lessons focused on the playful task of tossing two coins, associated with inferential statistical reasoning. The study highlights the importance of arguing and promoting this reasoning to develop statistical thinking. It is crucial to recognize how early students can be subject to learning experiences that promote a language of uncertainty, assess the evidence provided by the data, and make generalizations.

Findings

The results reveal that while the educator demonstrated knowledge and skills relevant to the curriculum and conceptual teaching strategies, the understanding of the content by the students and the integration of the PCK components still present a challenge.

Practical implications

The lesson study collaborative teaching practices that promote PCK have proven effective for informing the design and implementation of instructional practices supporting the development of early statistical thinking in young children.

Originality/value

The study enriches the knowledge regarding the potential of the lesson study (LS) in the professional learning of kindergarten educators. It also contributes to a comprehensive approach based on authentic playful experiences in grade K that supports the development of early statistical thinking in young children.
“Can politics really be beneficial?” Toward a model for positive politics through consensus
Authors: Parmentier Thibault , Reynaud Pr. Emmanuelle
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This article wants to propose deeper insights and clarifications into the effects of organizational politics which have been at the center of many debates in decision-making literature. For a long time, the debate focused on the negative effects of organizational politics and how to avoid them. This article wants to explore the positive effects of organizational politics and see how this impacts the consensus process in teams moderated by organizational change.

Design/methodology/approach

The article model and propositions are grounded in the organisational politics literature. The analysis builds on the “positive” politics literature which has been gaining steam in the last two decades and links this with the consensus literature.

Findings

The article proposes an integrated model which clearly shows how the three core concepts influence each other through the four proposed hypotheses. Organizational politics can help to create more consensus in a team decision-making process, and this can have a positive effect on team performance.

Originality/value

The article aims to expand insights of organizational politics on decision-making by putting the light on possible positive effects of organizational politics. The article addresses the theoretical gap of how organizational politics can impact the consensus process.
A framework for implementing and reporting United Nations sustainable development goals in Spanish higher education institutions
Authors: González-Torre Pilar L. , Suárez-Serrano Eugenia
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore a holistic framework for implementing and reporting sustainable development goals (SDGs) in universities. The aim is to define elements of the content as well as the context, which will allow us to understand and compare sustainable development processes at the university level. Using the 2030 Agenda context, this research describes a university profile which is accountable to its stakeholders, thus aligning its sustainability report with the SDGs.

Design/methodology/approach

This research has considered the entire Spanish university system and relies on data collection from sustainability reports published by 50 public universities and 34 private universities. Through an analysis of the contents of public reports, the aim is to build an index like the social responsibility dissemination index, but specific to the 2030 Agenda in the university context.

Findings

The holistic model, based on a dissemination index, showed diverse methods of implementing and reporting contributions to the SDGs, with varying degrees of depth, priority, reach, suitability and visibility. The proposed index was also used as a classification variable to group Spanish universities into two conglomerates, one that leads the contribution to the 2030 Agenda and another that follows the previous ones.

Research limitations/implications

This research work could be extended to include any European university educational systems. Case studies could add qualitative value to the implementation of the SDGs.

Originality/value

As a pilot study, the developed index can be used to analyse the sustainability reports of Spanish universities to determine the use of reporting to render accounts to stakeholders.
Fostering change-oriented OCBS: an analysis of India’s IT talent
Authors: Kataria Aakanksha , Rashmi Kumari , Rastogi Mansi
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how workplace resourcefulness (positive psychological climate), as well as personal resources (psychological capital [PsyCap]), influence work engagement to promote change-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (Ch-OCBs) among Indian information technology (IT) personnel.

Design/methodology/approach

The social exchange theory and job demands-resources model are used to provide rationale for proposing a comprehensive mechanism including antecedents, moderators as well as mediators enabling Ch-OCBs among IT personnel. Structured questionnaires were administered targeting IT professionals and their supervisors to test the proposed relationships. The obtained data from 30 supervisors and 240 subordinates were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, SEM and moderated path analysis technique.

Findings

Psychological climate, PsyCap and work engagement positively relate to Ch-OCBs; PsyCap moderated the relationship between psychological climate and work engagement. Specifically, the relationship between psychological climate and work engagement has come out stronger for employees with high PsyCap. Work engagement fully mediated the relationship between psychological climate and Ch-OCBs.

Practical implications

The findings can be critical in promoting voluntary change-focused behaviors among Indian IT personnel, for Indian and foreign (non-Indian) multi-national corporations that are interested in reaping profits by availing change-driven extra-role services of their efficient and the most preferred Indian IT employees of the world.

Originality/value

This study addresses to the call for more research on change-focused promotive part of OCB and advances the literature by providing evidence on the proposed set of associations from fast-pacing Indian economy.
Corporate governance: association the spots between institutional enhancement, organisational modification and earnings quality
Authors: Almasarwah Adel , Alrawabdeh Wasfi , Masadeh Walid , Al-Nimer Munther
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between earnings quality, Audit Committees and the Board of companies located in Jordan through the lens of enhancing corporate governance.

Design/methodology/approach

The real earnings management (REM) and accruals earnings management models were notably used within the panel data robust regression analysis approach; these were used against certain Audit Committee characteristics (i.e. meeting frequency, amount of Board and Committee participants [both internal and external], size) and Board of Directors.

Findings

The former characteristics were found to have a positive relationship with REM, while the latter yielded mixed results: while there was no significant identifiable relationship between Board outsiders and REM, there was a positive relationship identified between Board meetings, Board insiders and Board size and REM. In regard to this study’s limitations, the qualitative data gathered for the Board of Directors through the lens of corporate governance enhancement should have been documented with more detail; furthermore, the study was limited to the study of just one nation.

Research limitations/implications

The data is limited to only a single country. More explanation for Board of Directors need qualitative understandings into corporate governance improvement. The control variables are essentially partial in a developing market context.

Practical implications

The different corporate governance code and guidelines improvements have varied influence on earnings quality. As predictable, boards of directors most effect on earnings quality. Improvements have included most modification to audit committees but through them slight measured effect on earnings quality.

Social implications

Jordan’s corporate governance improvements expected organised corporate governance practices generally in place amongst its boards, and though invoking considerable modification to audit committees, eventually included slight modification to earnings quality. However, both improved earnings quality.

Originality/value

This particular research appears to be the first to consider both Audit Committee and Board of Directors characteristics in one model; indeed, in this vein, this research is also the first to explore the corporate governance enhancements that initially stemmed from there being zero code or guideline regarding its use, despite it becoming required recently. Hence, the authors can say this study has high originality.
The impact of embedded location options on price discovery of agricultural futures contracts – the evidence from the Chana contract
Authors: Mansabdar Sanjay , Yaganti Hussain C. , Basu Sankarshan
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Embedded options can create asymmetries in information impounded by cash and futures markets, causing errors in price discovery estimation. This paper aims to investigate the impact of embedded location options on measures of price discovery.

Design/methodology/approach

Various price discovery metrics are computed using observed futures prices that contain embedded location options and cash prices for Chana. Prices of a futures contract that contains no options using observed futures prices and estimates of location option value are synthesized. The price discovery measures are recomputed using synthetic option-adjusted futures contract prices and cash prices, and changes in these measures are attributed to the impact of the embedded location option.

Findings

If the presence of the location option is ignored, futures appear to dominate price discovery. Once the location option is adjusted for, cash markets are found to dominate price discovery.

Research limitations/implications

The lack of complete time-series data from the exchange for multiple commodities allows only limited empirical evidence for generalizing conclusions.

Practical implications

This paper highlights that regulators, exchanges and policymakers in India need to revisit delivery specifications of agricultural commodity futures contracts to enhance their utility from a price discovery perspective.

Originality/value

This work shows that ignoring the presence of embedded options can cause significant errors in price discovery assessment of agricultural futures contracts, particularly in heterogenous cash markets.
The impact of the changes to United Kingdom psychiatry training recruitment in 2021
Authors: Challinor Alexander , Whyler Jonathon
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review and critically evaluate UK psychiatry national recruitment process for 2021, which was re-structured following the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this paper aims to review the empirical evidence of the selection methodologies in psychiatry recruitment.

Design/methodology/approach

The UK national psychiatry recruitment process is discussed, with a focus on the changes made to recruitment in 2021. The advantages and disadvantages of different selection methodologies are explored, with an emphasis on evaluating the validity, acceptability and reliability of different recruitment selection methodologies. The potential impact of the changes to psychiatry recruitment are explored.

Findings

The decision of the National Recruitment Office to remove certain selection methods for recruitment in 2021 may have limited their ability to choose the best candidate for the training place and be fair to the applicant. Overall, there is a lack of research into the validity of the selection methods used in psychiatry recruitment. A framework for outcome criteria relevant to psychiatry recruitment should be developed, which would allow research into selection methods and guide the NRO to examine the evidence base effectively.

Originality/value

This paper examined the recruitment methods used to choose doctors for psychiatry training in the UK, demonstrating that the empirical evidence base for psychiatry recruitment is limited. This paper can contribute to our understanding of selection methodologies used in psychiatry recruitment and highlights the value of different recruitment approaches for choosing the best psychiatrists of the future.
Place branding in a bottle: management strategies for unplanned messages
Authors: Briana Maria
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper explores an important yet overlooked concept in place branding literature, unplanned messages. Focusing on unplanned messages, this study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the concept of spontaneous order in place branding and how to manage the unplanned communication process so as to ensure a high reputational status for a place.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper builds on past research on place brand communication and proposes a conceptual framework for unplanned messages.

Findings

Classification schemes for places and place brands are proposed, contributing to place brand management in three aspects: reviewing of decisions and strategies undertaken, assessing current situation and planning way forward when it comes to priorities for place management and development.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that introduces the emergent image and presents a classification scheme for places that contributes to a strategic management program of unplanned messages in place branding.
Quantifying the hedge and safe-haven properties of bond markets for cryptocurrency indices
Authors: Karim Sitara , Naeem Muhammad Abubakr , Mirza Nawazish , Paule-Vianez Jessica
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study quantified the hedge and safe haven features of bond markets for multiple cryptocurrency indices from June 2014 to April 2021 to highlight whether bond markets offer hedging facilities to uncertainty indices of cryptocurrencies.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors employed the methodology of Baur and McDermott (2010) and AGDCC-GARCH model to measure the hedge and safe-haven characteristics of three bond markets (BBGT, SPGB and SKUK) for three uncertainty indexes of cryptocurrencies (UCRPR, UCRPO and ICEA).

Findings

The authors find that bond markets are neither hedge nor safe havens except for SKUK which is a safe haven investment for cryptocurrency indices and offers substantial diversification during the periods of economic fragility. In addition, the hedge effectiveness of SPGB outperforms other bonds during crisis periods and provides sufficient diversification potential for cryptocurrency indices.

Practical implications

The findings are important for policymakers, regulatory bodies, financial firms and investors in assessing hedge and safe haven characteristics of bond markets against cryptocurrency indices.

Originality/value

Employing the novel methodology of AGDCC-GARCH with three different bond markets and three uncertainty indices of cryptocurrencies, the current study adds to the existing strand of literature in terms of quantifying hedge and safe-haven attributes of bond markets for cryptocurrency uncertainty indexes.
The effect of burnout and its dimensions on turnover intention among nurses: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Özkan AHmet Hakan
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study was to survey the relationships between organizational justice perceptions and turnover intention by using meta-analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

Eighty-three correlation values were used. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) was used to analyze the collected studies.

Findings

Heterogeneity and publication bias of each data set was tested. Each data was heterogeneous and included no publication bias. The results suggested that the effect size of distributive justice on turnover intention is −0.396, interactional justice on turnover intention is −0.341, interpersonal justice on turnover intention is −0.361, informational justice on turnover intention is −0.358, procedural justice on turnover intention is −0.369 and overall organizational justice on turnover intention is −0.436. Region was a moderator for the relationship between distributive justice and turnover intention.

Originality/value

The results of this study can provide guidance to the future researchers. Moreover, the managers can use these results for the implementation of organizational strategies and policies.
The effects of visual formats on Facebook health-related posts: evidence from eye movement analysis
Authors: Yoon JungWon , Syn Sue Yeon
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aimed to provide user-centered evidence for health professionals to make optimal use of images for the effective dissemination of health information on Facebook (FB).

Design/methodology/approach

Using an eye-tracking experiment and a survey method, this study examined 42 participants' reading patterns as well as recall and recognition outcomes with 36 FB health information posts having various FB post features.

Findings

The findings demonstrated that FB posts with text-embedded images received more attention and resulted in the highest recall and recognition. Meanwhile, compared to text-embedded images, visual only images yielded less effective recall of information, but they caught the viewers' attention; graphics tended to attract more attention than photos. For effective communication, the text features in FB posts should align with the formats of the images.

Practical implications

The findings of this study provide practical implications for health information disseminators by suggesting that text-embedded images should be used for effective health communication.

Originality/value

This study provided evidence of users' different viewing patterns for FB health information posts and the relationship between FB post types and recall and recognition outcomes.
The evolving role of printed publications in the digital age and relevance for their continued development
Authors: Ping An
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to adhere to the construction of foreign print books. Of course, when the funds are limited or reduced, we can adjust the collection structure according to the utilization situation and reduce the subjects or languages that readers use poorly. Provide data support for library collection development plan.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper analyzes the development and utilization of printed foreign language books based on the case of the National Library of China (NLC).The quality of library collection is analyzed by list checking method, and the utilization of library collection is analyzed by comparative analysis method and the statistical analysis method is used for language and subject areas, the questionnaire analysis method is used for users in NLC.

Findings

Foreign printed books plays a certain role in supporting domestic social users. The construction advantages of these print books need to be adhered to and developed. They should not be interrupted or cut down sharply because of many libraries are developing towards digital library or smart library nowadays. Libraries need to balance printed and digital resources in their collection and optimize their printed collection composition in terms of subject areas and unique resources to keep up with evolving needs of their patrons.

Research limitations/implications

It is not compared with the utilization of e-books.

Practical implications

In the transition period from traditional library to digital library, quantitative analysis of the construction and utilization of printed book resources can provide research support for the formulation of collection development planning, better service to users and better use of funds.

Social implications

In the period of library transformation and development, it is of great practical significance to study the construction and utilization of printed books in NLC for resource transformation and service transformation. This paper gives the corresponding analysis and discussion on whether printed books should adhere to and whether they can be optimized.

Originality/value

In the period of Library Transformation and development, it is of great practical significance to study the construction and utilization of foreign language printed books in NLC. The printed book resources can provide research support for the formulation of collection development plan, better service to users and better use of funds.
Low-risk investment strategy: sector bets or stock bets?
Authors: Peswani Shilpa , Joshipura Mayank
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The portfolio of low-risk stocks outperforms the portfolio of high-risk stocks and market portfolios on a risk-adjusted basis. This phenomenon is called the low-risk effect. There are several economic and behavioral explanations for the existence and persistence of such an effect. However, it is still unclear whether specific sector orientation drives the low-risk effect. The study seeks to answer the following important questions in Indian equity markets: (a) Whether sector bets or stock bets mainly drive the low-risk effect? (b) Is it a mere proxy for the well-known value effect? (c) Does the low-risk effect prevail in long-only portfolios?

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on all the listed stocks on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India from December 1994 to September 2018. It classifies them into 11 Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) sectors to construct stock-level and sector-level BAB (Betting Against Beta) and long-only low-risk portfolios. It follows the study of Asness et al. (2014) to construct various BAB portfolios. It applies Fama–French (FF) three-factor and Fama–French–Carhart (FFC) four-factor asset pricing models in addition to Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to examine the strength of BAB, sector-level BAB, stock-level BAB and long-only low-beta portfolios.

Findings

Both sector- and stock-level bets contribute to the return of the low-risk investing strategy, but the stock-level effect is dominant. Only betting on safe sectors or industries will not earn economically significant alpha. The low-risk effect is unique and not a value effect in disguise. Both long-short and long-only portfolios within sectors and industry groups deliver positive excess returns. Consumer staples, financial, materials and healthcare sectors mainly contribute to the returns of the low-risk effect in India. This study offers empirical evidence against the Samuelson (1998) micro-efficient market given the strong performance of the stock-level low-risk effect.

Practical implications

The superior performance of the low-risk investment strategies at both stock and sector levels offers investors an opportunity to strategically invest in stocks from the right sectors and earn high risk-adjusted returns with lower drawdowns over an entire market cycle. Besides, it paves the way for stock exchanges and index manufacturers to launch sector-specific low-volatility indices for relevant sectors. Passive funds can launch index funds and exchange-traded funds by tracking these indices. Active fund managers can espouse sector-specific low-risk investment strategies based on the results of this and similar other studies.

Originality/value

The study is the first of its kind. It offers insights into the portfolio characteristics and performance of the long-short and the long-only variant of low-risk portfolios within sectors and industry groups. It decomposes the low-risk effect into sector-level and stock-level effects.
Association of dietary inflammatory potential (DIP) and endothelial function biomarkers among females
Authors: Gholizadeh Mohammad , Falahi Ebrahim , Hassanzadeh Keshteli Ammar , Yazdan Nik Ahmadreza , Saneei Parvane , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Saedisomeolia Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Dietary inflammatory potential (DIP) is a novel dietary index designed to evaluate individuals’ diets with considering inflammation and anti-inflammation score. In addition, adhesion molecules including soluble intracellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1), soluble cellular adhesion molecules-1 (sVCAM-1) and E-selectin are important biomarkers to assess endothelium dysfunction which are related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. Also, there is no study for assessing the association between adhesion molecules and DIP until now as well as other studies that assessed the relationship between dietary inflammatory index or DIP has controversy. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the correlation between DIP and endothelial markers such as E-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 among female nurses from Isfahan. In this study, DIP was used instead of DII.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was performed on 420 healthy nurses. The nurses were selected by random cluster sampling method from private and public Isfahan hospitals. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied to assess the DIP. A fasting blood sample was collected for measuring the plasma levels of the endothelial markers and other variables.

Findings

After adjusting different potential confounders, no statistical association was found between DIP and sICAM-1, E–selectin and sVCAM-1 in Model I (P= 0.57, 0.98 and 0.45), Model II (P= 0.57, 0.98 and 0.45) and Model III (P = 0.67, 0.92 and 0.50) in comparison to the crude group (P= 0.35, 0.83 and 0.49, respectively).

Originality/value

The results revealed that the plasma levels of endothelial markers including E-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were not significantly associated with DIP in female nurses.