bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glomerular Hyperfiltration and Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Kim Yaerim , Lee Soojin , Lee Yeonhee , Kang Min Woo , Park Sehoon , Park Sanghyun , Han Kyungdo , Paek Jin Hyuk , Park Woo Yeong , Jin Kyubok , Han Seungyeup , Han Seung Seok , Lee Hajeong , Lee Jung Pyo , Joo Kwon Wook , Lim Chun Soo , Kim Yon Su , Kim Dong Ki
Published: July 2020

Background:

Glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with all-cause mortality. Herein, we evaluated the association between glomerular hyperfiltration and the development of cancer, the most common cause of death, in an Asian population.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea for people who received national health screenings from 2012 to 2013. Glomerular hyperfiltration was defined as the 95th percentile and greater after stratification by sex and age decile. We performed a multivariate Cox regression analysis using glomerular hyperfiltration at the first health screening as the exposure variable and cancer development as the outcome variable to evaluate the impact of glomerular hyperfiltration on the development of cancer.

Results:

A total of 1,953,123 examinations for patients with a median follow-up time of 4.4 years were included in this study. Among the 8 different site-specific cancer categories, digestive organs showed significant associations between glomerular hyperfiltration and cancer. The population with glomerular hyperfiltration showed an increased risk for stomach cancer [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.22], colorectal cancer (aHR = 1.16), and liver or intrahepatic malignancy (aHR = 1.35).

Conclusions:

Glomerular hyperfiltration was associated with an increased risk for the development of cancer in specific organs, such as the stomach, colorectum, and liver and intrahepatic organ.

Impact:

Glomerular hyperfiltration needs to be considered a significant sign of the need to evaluate the possibility of hidden adverse health conditions, including malignancies.
Quantifying the Number of Cancer Deaths Avoided Due to Improvements in Cancer Survival since the 1980s in the Australian Population, 1985–2014
Authors: Dasgupta Paramita , Cramb Susanna M. , Kou Kou , Yu Xue Qin , Baade Peter D.
Published: July 2020

Background:

This study quantifies the number of potentially “avoided”cancer deaths due to differences in 10-year relative survival between three time periods, reflecting temporal improvements in cancer diagnostic and/or treatment practices in Australia.

Methods:

National population-based cohort of 2,307,565 Australians ages 15 to 89 years, diagnosed with a primary invasive cancer from 1985 to 2014 with mortality follow-up to December 31, 2015. Excess mortality rates and crude probabilities of cancer deaths were estimated using flexible parametric relative survival models. Crude probabilities were then used to calculate “avoided cancer deaths” (reduced number of cancer deaths within 10 years of diagnosis due to survival changes since 1985–1994) for all cancers and 13 leading cancer types.

Results:

For each cancer type, excess mortality (in the cancer cohort vs. the expected population mortality) was significantly lower for more recently diagnosed persons. For all cancers combined, the number of “avoided cancer deaths” (vs. 1985–1994) was 4,877 (1995–2004) and 11,385 (2005–2014) among males. Prostate (1995–2004: 2,144; 2005–2014: 5,099) and female breast cancer (1,127 and 2,048) had the highest number of such deaths, whereas <400 were avoided for pancreatic or lung cancers across each period.

Conclusions:

Screening and early detection likely contributed to the high number of “avoided cancer deaths” for prostate and female breast cancer, whereas early detection remains difficult for lung and pancreatic cancers, highlighting the need for improved preventive and screening measures.

Impact:

Absolute measures such as “avoided cancer deaths” can provide a more tangible estimate of the improvements in cancer survival than standard net survival measures.
UTOPIA: DO IMPOSSÍVEL COMO POLÍTICO
Authors: Carneiro Silvio Ricardo Gomes
Published: July 2020

O artigo é uma análise do caráter histórico de utopia. Para tanto, articula as reflexões de Souza e Finley sobre as utopias clássicas e desdobra a contemporaneidade do conceito pela perspectiva de Marcuse sobre o “fim da utopia”. Nesse sentido, o artigo opera o pensamento utópico enquanto crítica da Modernidade.
TRABALHO E ÓCIO NO EMÍLIO DE ROUSSEAU
Authors: Vargas Thiago
Published: July 2020

Ensinar trabalhos que tornem o homem autossuficiente e a preocupação em afastá-lo da ociosidade são questões que se encontram no centro das atenções de Rousseau, em especial na obra Emílio. O artigo pretende abordar a noção de trabalho sob três diferentes (e complementares) prismas: o primeiro, uma educação para o trabalho que afaste o ócio, tornando Emílio um jovem ativo e robusto, evitando doenças corporais ligadas à inação; em segundo lugar, a noção do trabalho na educação de Emílio pela perspectiva de sua contribuição para as habilidades cognitivas do jovem, isto é, como os exercícios do corpo e os trabalhos manuais ajudarão em sua formação intelectual; finalmente, em um terceiro instante buscar-se-á expor o passo fundamental da escolha de um ofício para o aluno, tendo em vista sua educação para a independência e para tornar-se útil para a sociedade na qual escolherá viver. Em um último momento, deixaremos entrever uma crítica à divisão do trabalho realizada por Rousseau.
RESENHA DE ESCRITOS JUDAICOS DE HANNAH ARENDT
Authors: Silva Thiago Dias , Mascaro Laura Degaspare Monte , Oliveira Luciana Garcia
Published: July 2020

Resenha de Escritos judaicos de Hannah Arendt, recentemente publicado em português.
"LÊNIN NA INGLATERRA": MARIO TRONTI E O OPERARISMO ITALIANO
Authors: Fonseca Thiago Silva Augusto da
Published: July 2020

O artigo “Lênin na Inglaterra”, de Mario Tronti, publicado originalmente na primeira edição de Classe operaia, em 1964, e traduzido para o português por Homero Santiago, pode ser considerado um documento consolidador do pensamento operaísta, vertente marxista italiana nas décadas de 1960 e 1970. Pretendemos aqui apresentar o momento vivido na Itália em que o texto aparece, além de uma breve trajetória de seu autor, militante do hoje extinto Partido Comunista Italiano e atual senador daquele país.
"LÊNIN NA INGLATERRA", DE MARIO TRONTI
Authors: Santiago Homero
Published: July 2020

Tradução de "Lênin na Inglaterra", de Mario Tronti. Tradução de Homero Santiago.
HISTÓRIA EM JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU: A DECADÊNCIA SEM VOLTA
Authors: Silva e Façanha Priscila de Oliveira e Luciano da Silva
Published: July 2020

Desde o Discurso sobre as ciências e as artes, Rousseau nos aponta para uma história das sociedades, quando responde negativamente a pergunta da Academia de Dijon se o restabelecimento das ciências e das artes teria contribuído para o aprimoramento moral. No Discurso sobre a origem e os fundamentos da desigualdade entre os homens, o filósofo aborda a história da humanidade como uma história de decadência e degeneração, da qual é impossível retornar à natureza de origem. A corrupção das sociedades pode ser retardada, mas jamais revertida. Dito de outra maneira, Rousseau apresenta uma concepção linear da história, e o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentá-la à luz da interpretação de Maria das Graças de Souza.
PROGRESSO NATURAL E AÇÃO POLÍTICA EM ADAM SMITH
Authors: Rodrigues Alexandre Amaral
Published: July 2020

Este texto retoma questões propostas por Maria das Graças de Souza quanto a Jean-Jacques Rousseau e procura responder a elas no que se refere à obra de Adam Smith. Segundo a autora, no pensamento de Rousseau há duas concepções do tempo histórico: uma delas enquanto determinação (ou declínio) e outra enquanto “ocasião oportuna”, ou o momento da ação política. Em Adam Smith, por outro lado, a história aparece como “progresso natural”, e, portanto, determinação. Procuraremos mostrar, no entanto, que o autor concebe também a necessidade da ação política, embora com muitas restrições.
El concepto de cultura en la ensayística de Georg Simmel
Authors: García Chicote Francisco Manuel
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes Georg Simmel’s concept of culture by reconstructing the genealogy of his theory within its historical, political, and economic context. It examines to what extent Simmel’s ideas on value and division of labor cement his conception of cultural alienation. Finally, it argues that Simmel’s cultural theory is significantly biased by a subjective theory of value, which entails apologetic traits.
Empatia e conflito entre o trágico e o cômico: uma leitura de “Comédia em tom menor” de Hans Keilson
Authors: Andrade Patricia Helena Baialuna de
Published: July 2020

Hans Keilson faz parte do numeroso grupo de escritores de língua alemã que publicou entre as décadas de 1930 e 1950 obras sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial e temas tangentes. Reconhecido tardiamente, Keilson escreveu romances, autobiografia e ensaios em que se confundem suas experiências, seu conhecimento técnico como psicanalista e a ficção. Neste artigo propomos uma leitura da novela Comédia em tom menor (Komödie in Moll), destacando a empatia como chave fundamental para leitura da obra, a focalização como expediente narrativo para alcançá-la, e a presença de elementos cômicos imiscuídos à realidade grave e por vezes trágica que é construída no conto.
"Acampamento de Cisnes", de Marina Tsvetáieva
Authors: Nogueira André
Published: July 2020

Introdução, tradução e comentários de 35 poemas selecionados de “Acampamento de Cisnes”, de Marina Tsvetáieva.
Memórias de uma neta
Authors: Almeida Luana Chnaiderman de
Published: July 2020

O presente texto, gentilmente cedido por Luana Chnaiderman à Cadernos de Literatura em Tradução, foi apresentado durante a abertura da Jornada Internacional: Literatura Russa em Tradução, realizada na Faculdade deFilosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da USP em 7 de abril de 2016, e dedicada ao grande pioneiro das traduções russas no Brasil, Boris Schnaiderman (1917-2016).
Aspectos da tradução de versos dos poemas de Púchkin citados em "Meu Púchkin", de Marina Tsvetáieva
Authors: Almeida Paula Costa Vaz de
Published: July 2020

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre alguns aspectos da tradução de versos de poemas de Aleksandr Púchkin citados por Marina Tsvetáieva em seu ensaio "Meu Púchkin", escrito em Paris no ano de 1937. Para tanto, recorreu-se à análise e à exposição das estratégias de recriação tanto dos versos citados diretamente quanto daqueles que são citados indiretamente, incorporando-se ao tecido do texto tsvetaieviano. Com isso, busca-se, ainda, pensar o ofício da tradução literária de um modo geral, à luz do que seria a “tarefa do tradutor”, segundo Walter Benjamin.
A Rússia Vestida de Chamas Purificadoras
Authors: Bonavina Rafael
Published: July 2020

No presente artigo, apresentamos a tradução, com breves explicações a respeito da fundamentação teórica utilizada em seu preparo, e uma sucinta análise do poema “Terra Natal”, de Andrei Biély.
"O Leão", de Evguéni Zamiátin
Authors: Rocha Helder Da
Published: July 2020

Tradução de “O Leão”, de Evguéni Zamiátin.
Uma outra 'Nuvem de Calças': a retradução em busca de Maiakóvski
Authors: Mei Letícia
Published: July 2020

O artigo propõe uma retradução da primeira parte do longo poema de Maiakóvski “Nuvem de Calças” (1915), cuja primeira e, durante muito tempo, única tradução em português é assinada por E. Carrera Guerra. À luz de elementos característicos da poética maiakovskiana e de discussões teóricas acerca do espaço da retradução, este trabalho oferece e comenta brevemente novas soluções, apontando diferenças de perspectiva em relação à primeira obra.
Impressões de Maksim Górki sobre Vassíli Sleptsov – Um estudo sobre o Realismo Russo e a importância de dar voz às minorias
Authors: Fonseca Odomiro
Published: July 2020

No presente trabalho, trazemos a tradução de um artigo do consagrado escritor Maksim Górki sobre o desconhecido Vassíli Sleptsov, um escritor próprio do Realismo Russo, que viajou – a pé – pelas estradas e confins de sua pátria a estudar e captar a essência de sua população mais vulnerável: os camponeses. Sleptsov deu voz às canções populares e mostrou a miséria do trabalhador russo sem floreios. Mesmo com o reconhecimento de pares como Liév Tolstói, Ivan Turguêniev e Kornei Tchukóvski, sua obra permaneceu esquecida por mais de um século. Hoje há um movimento internacional pelo resgate de suas obras.
Verbos de Movimento na Tradução Russo-Português
Authors: Polli Noé Oliveira Queiroz Policarpo
Published: July 2020

Comparam-se os meios de descrição do movimento nos dois idiomas e apresentam-se situações, nas quais as necessidades da tradução produzem subsídios aos dicionaristas.
Mulheres, revoluções e missões
Authors: Schneider Graziela
Published: July 2020

Dois meses depois da Revolução de Fevereiro de 1917, em que milhares de operárias decidem, no Dia das Mulheres, à revelia dos líderes bolcheviques, dar início a uma greve geral, Aleksándra Kollontai publica o texto “Nossas missões”, no momento da efervescência do retorno da revista “Rabótnitsa”. A tradução inédita, direta do russo, do referido texto, escrito por Kollontai no calor dos acontecimentos, tem o intuito de contribuir para recuperar, por meio da fonte primária, a voz da própria mulher russa revolucionária e lutar contra o seu apagamento na historiografia desse e de outros processos históricos.
A prosa delicada de Ksenia Dragunskaia em tradução
Authors: Sales Denise Regina de
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta a tradução do conto “Другие и снег” (Druguíe i sniég; Os outros e a neve), da escritora, dramaturga, roteirista e crítica de arte Ksenia Víktorovna Dragunskaia (1965-). Considerações sobre a autora e a obra e reflexões sobre o processo tradutório acompanham os textos literários.
"O Estudante", de A. Tchékhov
Authors: Moschkovich Diego
Published: July 2020

Tradução do conto “O Estudante”, de Anton Tchékhov.
"O conto do cadáver que pertencia não se sabe a quem", de Vladímir Odóievski
Authors: Simone Lucas
Published: July 2020

Tradução comentada de conto de Vladímir Odóievski.
Assassinato no expresso do Oriente
Authors: Pereira Eloah Pina
Published: July 2020

Tradução de conto da coletânea ЖД-Рассказы (Contos de ferrovia), de Dmítri Lvóvitch Býkov.
"O judeu" de Ivan Turguêniev
Authors: Kumagai Fernanda Naomi
Published: July 2020

Ivan Serguêievitch Turguêniev (1818 – 1883), um dos principais autores russos do século XIX, tem seu ápice com a publicação de Pais e Filhos (1862), considerado, hoje, um dos clássicos da literatura mundial. Escrito por volta de 1846, o conto o “O Judeu”, publicado, anonimamente, pela primeira vez na revista O Contemporâneo em 1847; traz a figura do judeu em relação ao russo exemplar, contrapondo aspectos físicos e morais, tendo como protagonista o estereótipo de um judeu sórdido, explorando o antissemitismo existente no Império Russo.
Evguêni Oniêguin: em busca de um estilo
Authors: Franca Neto Alípio Correia de , Vássina Elena
Published: July 2020

Apresentamos a tradução das primeiras dez estrofes do Capítulo I do romance em versos Evguêni Oniêguin, de Aleksandr Púchkin (1799-1837), que contou também com a colaboração inestimável do falecido Prof. Boris Schnaiderman. No artigo ressaltamos preferências de abordagens teóricas que acabaram por influenciar as “escolhas” da tradução, em termos de uma tentativa de reconstituição de estilo desta obra fundamental da literatura russa.
Entrevista com Susanna Witt: História da tradução soviética foi assunto sensível e, por isso, negligenciado
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: July 2020

Susanna Witt tem formação em Estudos Eslavos e defendeu seu doutorado, em 2001, sobre a criação de Doutor Jivago por Pasternak, na Universidade de Estocolmo, onde leciona atualmente. De lá para cá, enveredou nos caminhos dos Estudos da Tradução, área de pesquisa sobre a qual se debruça atualmente, dedicando-se principalmente à era soviética.
Terceira Carta de Chklóvski
Authors: Jallageas Neide
Published: July 2020

Esta é uma das cartas que compõem o livro ZOO. Cartas não sobre o amor, ou Terceira Heloisa, de Viktor Borisovitch Chklóvski (São Petersburgo, 1893-1984). Publicada pela primeira vez em 1923, em Berlim, ela é traduzida aqui diretamente do russo.
"Moscou Feliz" (Excerto)
Authors: Oliveira Cássio De
Published: July 2020

Apresentação, tradução e notas sobre Moscou Feliz (Schastlívaia Moskvá), que ocupa uma posição única entre as obras de Andrei Platónov (1899-1951), autor dos romances Tchevengur e Kotlovan (A Escavação da fundação), admirado por escritores como Joseph Brodsky, Tatiana Tolstáia, e Elif Batuman, porém praticamente desconhecido no Brasil.
“Lilás polar escuridão”
Authors: Sales Denise Regina de , Palavro Bruno , Rosa Thiago Koslowsky da , Saeger Daniel Martins , Silva Douglas Rosa da , Antunes Carlos Leonardo Bonturim
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta seis traduções do poema “Iá bíeden, odinók i nag”, de Varlam Tíkhonovitch Chalámov (1907-1982). A prosa de Chalámov, lançada recentemente no Brasil, há muito vinha sendo destacada por Boris Schnaiderman como a grande obra de denúncia dos campos de trabalhos forçados do período stalinista. Na poesia, o autor produziu o ciclo Cadernos de Kolimá, que contém o poema traduzido aqui.
María Eugenia Vaz Ferreira: entre ilhas e cânticos
Authors: Silva Jacicarla Souza da
Published: July 2020

Com intuito de evidenciar uma das muitas vozes femininas silenciadas pela historiografia canônica, este trabalho pretende apresentar alguns poemas traduzidos da poetisa uruguaia María Eugenia Vaz Ferreira (1875-1924), publicados na obra “La isla de los cánticos” (1925).
Aves sin nido, de Clorinda Matto de Turner: um romance peruano nos limiares da tradução cultural
Authors: Cunha Roseli Barros
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, o objetivo é tratar do romance Aves sin nido (1889) da autora peruana Clorinda Matto de Turner e de sua primeira tradução para a língua portuguesa do Brasil, ainda inédita. Abordo, seguindo a teoria de Genette ([1987] 2009), especificamente, elementos paratextuais presentes no romance. A localização de alguns peritextos na obra, nos quais são traduzidos termos e expressões da cultura quéchua e da região serrana peruana para a língua castelhana, são indícios de que a autora procurava construir um caminho de leitura para seu público. Ainda que se possa questionar a eficácia no romance em questão, tal procedimento representou, sem dúvida, uma etapa importante dentro da história da literatura peruana. Anos mais tarde, a proposta foi repensada e recriada por José María Arguedas ao longo de sua trajetória literária e denominada por Sales (2002) como “tradução cultural”.
Distinguishing Our Object of Study: “Religious” but not “Religion”
Authors: Touna Vaia
Published: July 2020

A response to Donald Wiebe’s Manifesto.
Artopoeus’ Ismenius (1573) als Metaroman in poetologischer Sattelzeit
Authors: Seeber Stefan
Published: July 2020

In this article, Artopoeus’ translation of the Byzantine novel by Eustathios Makrembolites is read as a meta-poetic contribution to the developing genre of the novel in the late 16th century. Artopoeus uses the erudite source which is relying heavily on ancient models, and inserts it into his contemporary discourse – his Ismenius offers reflections on how to read and what to gain from reading a novel, presented in lengthy paratextual reading instructions (one of them written by Fischart) and with special emphasis on the ekphrastic value of the story.
Die Närrin als konstitutiver Störfaktor in Jörg Wickrams Goldtfaden (1557)
Authors: Bamberger Gudrun
Published: July 2020

Jörg Wickram’s novel Der Goldtfaden deals with courtly communication in the form of an unusual constellation of its participants. It is a complex system of norms that is binding for all members of the court and becomes problematic if an outsider joins the act. Communication situations are presented in a variety of media, some of which succeed through fortunate coincidence, while others fail due to existing conventions and their disregard. Above all, the figure of the fool plays an essential role, which is constitutive for the entire text.
Der Jugurtha-Stoff als Allegorie des Österreichischen Erbfolgekriegs?
Authors: Wirthensohn Simon
Published: July 2020

The tragedy Jugurtha by the Tyrolean playwright Joseph Resch, staged as a school end play at the bishop school of Brixen in 1746, lacks a consistent moral message. For this reason, the recipient is obliged to turn towards another form of interpretation. As this article aims to show, Resch probably intends to use the Jugurtha plot as an allegory of the fall of Charles vii. and the peace agreement between Bavaria and the Habsburgs in the Treaty of Füssen in 1745.
China’s Tributary System and National Security in the Song Dynasty
Authors: Huang Chunyan
Published: July 2020

China’s ancient tributary system not only served the vanity of the dynasty but had multiple political implications, closely tied to the dynasty’s national security. The Song dynasty’s [960-1279] notion of security followed an overall policy of guarding the dynasty against external threats, surrounding barbarian nations, and maintaining domestic order. The stability and eventual collapse of the tributary system were closely tied to the domestic security of the Song dynasty and to the security of all the countries that participated in the system. The system constituted a dynamic and interactive security community.
The Chinese Tributary System and Traditional International Order in East Asia during the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Century
Authors: Chen Shangsheng
Published: July 2020

Throughout the history of East Asia, various polities in modern-day Korea, Japan, and Vietnam accepted investitures bestowed by the Chinese royal court. Many of these states also established their own vassal structures based on this tributary system. In light of this, it would be more accurate to describe the traditional international order of East Asia as a system of investitures and tributes, an “investiture-tribute system.” The significance of this system is the royal court being revered by its tributaries, which acknowledge it as the superior power. Looking at the vassal relationship between the Ming [1368-1644] and Qing [1644-1911] courts and the states of Joseon 朝鮮, Ryukyu 琉球, and Vietnam under various names, it is clear that the tributary system was a basic mechanism that facilitated bilateral trade, cultural exchange, border control, and judicial cooperation. Moreover, when vassal states encountered threats to their national security, the Chinese government assisted them with diplomatic and military resources befitting its position as the imperial court. Yet, although the tributary system enabled a relationship in which the royal court enjoyed a position of superiority and its vassal states an inferior one, none of the vassal states formed an alliance that revolved around the Chinese empire. Hence, in the near-modern period, the system struggled to contend with both the great world powers that made use of the treaty system and the expansion of Japan in East Asia.
Self-Canonization in Zuo Si’s “Poems on History”
Authors: Zhang Yue
Published: July 2020

Zuo Si’s 左思 [ca. 250-305] “Poems on History” [yongshi 詠史] have often been regarded as a milestone in the development of the poetic subgenre “poems on history.” Scholars have noted Zuo’s use of historical allusion and description to articulate his personal emotions and ambitions and to criticize the political hierarchy of the Western Jin [265-316]. In addition, they have recognized Zuo’s “Poems on History” as representing an alternative to the ornamental style of poetry popular in his time.

This article addresses the way in which Zuo’s poems contributed to the “poems on history” subgenre, as well as how they reflected the broader context of Six Dynasties [220-589] society. At the same time, it investigates another purpose for his use of historical figures in his poetry: self-canonization. This paper argues that Zuo used historical figures not only to express his emotions but also to skillfully place himself into the larger context and lineage of exemplary historical figures. Zuo is thus telling later generations that they should remember him with the same reverence—he is invoking history as a force of self-canonization. This self-canonization perspective reveals the complexity of Zuo’s appropriation of earlier historical sources. It also deepens our understanding of the purpose of Zuo’s “Poems on History” and of the ways in which history is disseminated through poetry in the Six Dynasties period.
Two new species of Micropsalliota (Agaricaceae/Agaricales) from Thailand

Authors: HE MAOQIANG , HYDE KEVIN D. , CHEEWANGKOON RATCHADAWAN , ZHAO RUILIN
Published: July 2020

Micropsalliota embraces approximately 70 species which are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. In this study, two new species named Micropsalliota albella and M. purpureobrunneola are introduced from northern Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and LSU data shows their placement in Micropsalliota in two distinct lineages. Micropsalliota albella is characterized by the white, tiny basidiomes and utriform cheilocystidia. Micropsalliota purpureobrunneola is characterized by the pileus finely covered with purple to brownish-purple scales, oblong basidiospores and narrowly clavate cheilocystidia. Descriptions, colour photographs and illustrations of both new species are presented.
A new species of Stenophragma Skuse from Borneo (Diptera: Mycetophilidae: Sciophilinae)
Authors: BECHEV DIMITAR , KAZANDZHIEVA SVETLOZARA
Published: July 2020

Stenophragma borneense sp. n. from Borneo is described and illustrated. In the new species, a variability in the presence/absence and location of R4+5, including between left and right wings of the same specimen, is observed. The cell between Rs and R4+5, if present, can be triangular, trapeziform or almost squared. An identification key to the extant species of the genus is also provided.
Hexacylloepus Hinton, 1940 rises again; 18 new species of a neglected genus (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea: Elmidae)
Authors: POLIZEI THIAGO T. S. , BARCLAY MAXWELL V. L. , BISPO PITÁGORAS C.
Published: July 2020

The genus Hexacylloepus extends from the Neotropical region to the southwestern United States of America. At present, 25 species are known from 20 countries, with no new species proposed since 1972. In this paper, we describe and illustrate 18 new species (H. barrae; H. calori; H. casariae; H. froehlichi; H. geiseri; H. grandis; H. iassu; H. keitai; H. maierae; H. manauara; H. metapa; H. phalluspilosus; H. shorti; H. taylorae; H. thoracica; H. tibialis; H. ubirajarai; H. zaninii), from eight countries and give the first records of the genus from Suriname and Guyana.
Streamflow Forecasting without Models
Authors: Krajewski Witold F. , Ghimire Ganesh R. , Quintero Felipe
Published: July 2020

The authors explore persistence in streamflow forecasting based on the real-time streamflow observations. They use 15-min streamflow observations from the years 2002 to 2018 at 140 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow gauges monitoring the streams and rivers throughout Iowa. The spatial scale of the basins ranges from about 7 to 37 000 km2. Motivated by the need for evaluating the skill of real-time streamflow forecasting systems, the authors perform quantitative skill assessment of persistence schemes across spatial scales and lead times. They show that skill in temporal persistence forecasting has a strong dependence on basin size, and a weaker dependence on geometric properties of the river networks. Building on results from this temporal persistence, they extend the streamflow persistence forecasting to space through flow-connected river networks. The approach simply assumes that streamflow at a station in space will persist to another station which is flow connected; these are referred to as pure spatial persistence forecasts (PSPF). The authors show that skill of PSPF of streamflow is strongly dependent on the monitored versus predicted basin area ratio and lead times, and weakly related to the downstream flow distance between stations. River network topology shows some effect on the hydrograph timing and timing of the peaks, depending on the stream gauge configuration. The study shows that the skill depicted in terms of Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) > 0.5 can be achieved for basin area ratio > 0.6 and lead time up to 3 days. The authors discuss the implications of their findings for assessment and improvements of rainfall–runoff models, data assimilation schemes, and stream gauging network design.
Gone with the Wind
Authors: Alchin David
Published: July 2020

Objective:

If the narrative of “coronavirus” has an underlying theme, it may perhaps for some be one of survival, whilst for others, the theme might be suffering. The recurring motif of survival has continued throughout history, yet for the first time the sum of all fears has amounted to a run on the bare essentials. This paper seeks to offer an alternative formulation of “panic buying,” with references to literature, philosophy, and contemporary neurobiology.

Conclusion:

The bare essentials disappeared perhaps as part of some self-fulfilling prophecy: the supermarkets became bare because others inadvertently lead us to believe they would become bare. The contagion model of emotional propagation provides a psychological model of how “panic buying” by an individual might lead to the replication of panic in an observer. The Polyvagal Theory further informs us of how the threat posed by the pandemic primes our limbic system to perceive danger, and explains how witnessing others engaging in fight-flight responses might evoke a fearful affect in an observer. In the end, it is perhaps through Nietzsche’s study of classical tragedy that we may find some meaning to the pandemic, allowing our collective lived experience to serve as a template for growth.
Role of lncRNA Morrbid in PTPN11(Shp2)E76K-driven juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Cai Zhigang , Zhang Chi , Kotzin Jonathan J. , Williams Adam , Henao-Mejia Jorge , Kapur Reuben
Published: July 2020

Mutations in PTPN11, which encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, contribute to ∼35% of cases of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). A common clinical picture in children with JMML is that it presents as a constitutive hyperinflammatory syndrome, partially reminiscent of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in adults. Thus, a component of JMML is associated with a hyperinflammatory state and abundant innate immune cells such as neutrophils and monocytes. Recently, we showed that the evolutionarily conserved mouse lncRNA Morrbid is specifically expressed in myeloid cells and uniquely represses the expression of the proapoptotic gene Bim to regulate the lifespan of myeloid cells. However, its role in JMML has not been investigated. In this study, we characterized the role of Morrbid and its target Bim, which are significantly dysregulated in Shp2E76K/+-bearing myeloid cells, in driving JMML. Loss of Morrbid in a mouse model of JMML driven by the Shp2E76K/+ mutation resulted in a significant correction of myeloid and erythroid cell abnormalities associated with JMML, including overall survival. Consistently, patients with JMML who had PTPN11, KRAS, and NRAS mutations and high expression of MORRBID manifested poor overall survival. Our results suggest that Morrbid contributes to JMML pathogenesis.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Long noncoding RNA CASC2 inhibits ox-LDL-mediated vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration via the regulation of miR-532-3p/PAPD5
Authors: Wang Chenjing , Zhao Jin , Nan Xiaodong , Guo Zhong , Huang Shuangsheng , Wang Xiaokun , Sun Feng , Ma Shijie
Published: July 2020

Background

Studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have essential impacts on the development of atherosclerosis (AS). This study aimed to identify the role and functional mechanism of lncRNA CASC2 in the development and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Method

The serum of 40 pairs of AS patients and healthy volunteers were collected and the expression of CASC2 was evaluated. qRT-PCR and western blotting were carried out to examine the expression levels of at mRNA and protein level, repectively. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, transwell migration assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and wound healing assay were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, transcription, targeting, and self-restoration.

Results

The expression levels of CASC2 were decreased, while the expression levels of miR-532-3p were elevated in AS patient samples and VSMCs. Overexpression of CASC2 inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs and enhanced cell apoptosis. CASC2 inhibited the expression of miR-532-3p, and inversely upregulated the expression of PAPD5, which was a target of miR-532-3p. In addition, knockdown of miR-532-3p-mimic and PAPD5 could attenuate the impact of overexpression of CASC2 on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in ox-LDL-VSMCs.

Conclusion

CASC2 suppressed cell reproduction and promoted cell apoptosis by regulating the miR-532-3p/PAPD5 axis in ox-LDL-mediated VSMCs. This might be important for AS therapeutics.
General practitioners’ perceptions of their practice of evidence-based chronic disease prevention interventions: a quantitative study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Fan Feng , Wang Zhaoxin , Yu Dehua , Chen Chen , Shen Delei , Yu Zhaohu , Liu Xin , Zhou Huining , Shi Jianwei
Published: July 2020

Background

Epidemic chronic diseases pose significant challenges to the improvement of healthcare in China and worldwide. Despite increasing international calls for the inclusion of evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) processes in chronic disease prevention and control programming as well as policymaking, there is relatively little research that assesses the current capacity of physicians and the factors that influence that capacity in China.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted in community health centres (CHCs) in Shanghai, China, using multistage cluster sampling. An evidence-based chronic disease prevention (EBCDP) evaluation tool was employed to assess physician EBCDP awareness, adoption, implementation and maintenance based on the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework and using a 7-point Likert scale. Linear regression analysis was used to assess associations between each EBCDP aspect and overall EBCDP status with participant characteristics or organizational factors.

Result

A total of 892 physicians from CHCs in Shanghai, China, were assessed. The physicians perceived their awareness (mean = 4.90, SD = 1.02) and maintenance (mean = 4.71, SD = 1.07) of EBCDP to be relatively low. Physicians with relatively lower job titles and monthly incomes (> 9000 RMB) tended to have relatively higher scores for the awareness, adoption, and implementation of EBCDP (P < 0.05). Those who had participated in one program for chronic disease prevention and control were less likely to adopt (b = − 0.284,P = 0.007), implement (b = − 0.292,P = 0.004), and maintain (b = − 0.225,P = 0.025) EBCDP than those who had participated in more programs. Physicians in general practice (Western medicine) had a lower level of awareness of EBCDP than those in other departments (P < 0.0001). Physician from CHCs located in suburban areas had lower scores for awareness (b = − 0.150,P = 0.047), implementation (b = − 0.171,P = 0.029), and maintenance (b = − 0.237,P = 0.002) that those from urban CHCs. Physicians in CHCs affiliated with universities had higher scores on all four EBCDP aspects that those in CHCs not affiliated with a university.

Conclusions

This study provides quantitative evidence illustrating EBCDP practices among physicians in CHCs with various personal and organizational characteristics, respectively. More methods should be provided to increase the awareness of such physicians regarding EBCDP to stimulate the use of EBCDP for their patients and in connection with other public health priorities.
Candidate methylation sites associated with endocrine therapy resistance in ER+/HER2- breast cancer
Authors: Soleimani Dodaran Maryam , Borgoni Simone , Sofyalı Emre , Verschure Pernette J. , Wiemann Stefan , Moerland Perry D. , van Kampen Antoine H. C.
Published: July 2020

Background

Estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer is often effectively treated with drugs that inhibit ER signaling, i.e., tamoxifen (TAM) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). However, 30% of ER+ breast cancer patients develop resistance to therapy leading to tumour recurrence. Changes in the methylation profile have been implicated as one of the mechanisms through which therapy resistance develops. Therefore, we aimed to identify methylation loci associated with endocrine therapy resistance.

Methods

We used genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of primary ER+/HER2- tumours from The Cancer Genome Atlas in combination with curated data on survival and treatment to predict development of endocrine resistance. Association of individual DNA methylation markers with survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models in a cohort of ER+/HER2- tumours (N = 552) and two sub-cohorts corresponding to the endocrine treatment (AI or TAM) that patients received (N = 210 and N = 172, respectively). We also identified multivariable methylation signatures associated with survival using Cox proportional hazards models with elastic net regularization. Individual markers and multivariable signatures were compared with DNA methylation profiles generated in a time course experiment using the T47D ER+ breast cancer cell line treated with tamoxifen or deprived from estrogen.

Results

We identified 134, 5 and 1 CpGs for which DNA methylation is significantly associated with survival in the ER+/HER2-, TAM and AI cohorts respectively. Multi-locus signatures consisted of 203, 36 and 178 CpGs and showed a large overlap with the corresponding single-locus signatures. The methylation signatures were associated with survival independently of tumour stage, age, AI treatment, and luminal status. The single-locus signature for the TAM cohort was conserved among the loci that were differentially methylated in endocrine-resistant T47D cells. Similarly, multi-locus signatures for the ER+/HER2- and AI cohorts were conserved in endocrine-resistant T47D cells. Also at the gene set level, several sets related to endocrine therapy and resistance were enriched in both survival and T47D signatures.

Conclusions

We identified individual and multivariable DNA methylation markers associated with therapy resistance independently of luminal status. Our results suggest that these markers identified from primary tumours prior to endocrine treatment are associated with development of endocrine resistance.
MiR-221/SIRT1/Nrf2 signal axis regulates high glucose induced apoptosis in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Chen Bin , Wu Li , Cao Ting , Zheng Hong-Mei , He Tao
Published: July 2020

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious symptom associated with diabetes and could cause much suffer to patients. MiR-221, SIRT1 and Nrf2 were associated with apoptosis and proliferation and their expression were altered in DR patients. However, their roles and regulatory mechanisms in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMEC) were not clear.

Methods

Expression of mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. Interaction between miR-221 and SIRT1 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. We analyzed the viability and apoptosis of hRMEC by MTT assay and FACS assay, respectively.

Results

High glucose (HG) treatment enhanced expression of miR-221 and inhibited expression of SIRT1 and Nrf2. MiR-221 overexpression promoted apoptosis under HG condition. Moreover, miR-221 directly interacted with mRNA of SIRT1 and inhibited SIRT1 expression in hRMEC, through which miR-221 inhibited Nrf2 pathway and induced apoptosis of hRMEC.

Conclusion

Our data demonstrated that miR-221/SIRT1/Nrf2 signal axis could promote apoptosis in hRMEC under HG conditions. This finding could provide theoretical support for future studies and may contribute to development of new treatment options to retard the process of DR development.
Reference chart for knee flexion following total knee arthroplasty: a novel tool for monitoring postoperative recovery
Authors: Kittelson Andrew J. , Elings Jordi , Colborn Kathryn , Hoogeboom Thomas J. , Christensen Jesse C. , van Meeteren Nico L. U. , van Buuren Stef , Stevens-lapsley Jennifer E.
Published: July 2020

Background

Clinicians and patients lack an evidence-based framework by which to judge individual-level recovery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery, thus impeding personalized treatment approaches for this elective surgery. Our study aimed to develop and validate a reference chart for monitoring recovery of knee flexion following TKA surgery.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of data collected in routine rehabilitation practice for patients following TKA surgery. Reference charts were constructed using Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape. Various models were compared using the Schwarz Bayesian Criterion, Mean Squared Error in 5-fold cross validation, and centile coverage (i.e. the percent of observed data represented below specified centiles). The performance of the reference chart was then validated against a test set of patients with later surgical dates, by examining the centile coverage and average bias (i.e. difference between observed and predicted values) in the test dataset.

Results

A total of 1173 observations from 327 patients were used to develop a reference chart for knee flexion over the first 120 days following TKA. The best fitting model utilized a non-linear time trend, with smoothing splines for median and variance parameters. Additionally, optimization of the number of knots in smoothing splines and power transformation of time improved model fit. The reference chart performed adequately in a test set of 171 patients (377 observations), with accurate centile coverage and minimal average bias (< 3 degrees).

Conclusion

A reference chart developed with clinically collected data offers a new approach to monitoring knee flexion following TKA.
Closed drainage versus non-drainage for single-level lumbar discectomy: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Guo Hua , Wang Biao , Ji Zhaohua , Gao Xi , Zhang Yuting , Yuan Li , Hao Dingjun
Published: July 2020

Background

Postoperative epidural haematoma and wound infection can cause devastating neurological damage in spinal surgery. Closed drainage is a common method to prevent epidural haematoma, infection and related neurological impairment after lumbar decompression; however, it is not clear whether drainage can reduce postoperative complications and improve clinical efficacy. This randomized study aims to explore the role of closed drainage in reducing postoperative complications and improving the clinical efficacy of single-level lumbar discectomy.

Methods

A total of 420 patients with single-level lumbar disc herniation were finally included in this study (169 females and 251 males, age 50.0 ± 6.4 years). A total of 214 patients were randomly assigned to the closed drainage group, and 206 patients were assigned to the non-drainage group. The incidence of postoperative fever, symptomatic epidural haematoma, wound infection and the need for revision surgery were compared between the two groups by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the improvement of pain relief and the recovery of lumbar function. The VAS and ODI scores were compared between the two groups using t tests.

Results

The complications of the two groups were compared and analysed. There was only a statistically significant difference in the postoperative fever rate (p = 0.022), as the non-drainage group had a higher fever rate, but there were no significant differences in the rates of symptomatic epidural haematoma, wound infection or revision operation (p > 0.05). After concrete analysis, for the rate of fever less than 38.5 degrees, there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.027), but there was no significant difference when the fever was greater than 38.5 degrees (p > 0.05). When comparing the VAS scores of the operation area on the first day after the operation, the pain relief in the closed drainage group was significantly better than that in the non-drainage group, with scores of 5.1 ± 0.8 and 6.0 ± 0.7, respectively (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the other VAS scores of operation areas, the VAS scores of the lower extremity, or the ODI scores (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

For single-level lumbar discectomy, closed drainage is beneficial for reducing postoperative low-grade fever and relieving pain in the operation area in the very early postoperative stage. However, drainage does not have a significant impact on reducing the incidence of postoperative complications or improving clinical efficacy.

Trial registration

Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800016005, May/06/2018, retrospectively registered.
Straighter low lumbar curvature in isthmic spondylolisthesis at L4
Authors: Zheng Shaoli , Zhong Zhaoming , Zhu Qingan , Li Zongze , Zhu Siyuan , Yao Xinqiang , Zheng Shuai , Liao Congrui , Zhu Yongjian , Chen Jianting
Published: July 2020

Background

This study was conducted to compare differences in imaging features and clinical symptoms between patients with single-level isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) at L4 and at L5 and to investigate the correlation between imaging and clinical parameters.

Methods

This cross-sectional study evaluated patients with single-level IS who were enrolled between June 2011 and June 2018. A total of 139 patients, 44 in the L4 IS group and 95 in the L5 IS group, met the study criteria and were included. Imaging and clinical parameters obtained from the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results

Patients in the L4 IS group had smaller lower lumbar lordosis (LLL) (27.1 ± 8.2 vs. 30.9 ± 9.3, P = 0.021) and were of older age (58.5 ± 8.7 vs. 52.8 ± 10.1, P < 0.01) than those in the L5 IS group. As per the Roussouly classification system, most patients with L4 IS were classified as Type 2 (43.2%), whereas most patients with L5 IS fell under Type 3 (44.2%). In the L5 IS group, pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), and L5 incidence (L5I) were positively associated with slippage rate (SR), but the lumbosacral angle (LSA) was negatively associated with SR (P < 0.01). In the L4 IS group, only L5I showed a positive association with SR (P < 0.01). More significant associations were found among sagittal lumbo-pelvic parameters in the L5 IS group, but none were found between SR and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in either group.

Conclusions

When compared with patients with L5 IS, patients with L4 IS were of older age and had straighter low lumbar curvature when they were obviously symptomatic. PI was an important parameter for patients with L5 IS while for those with L4 IS, L5I deserved more attention for its significantly positive correlation with the degree of slippage.