bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Denitrifying Bioreactor In Situ Woodchip Bulk Density
Authors: Christianson Laura Elizabeth , Christianson Reid , Díaz-García Carolina , Johnson Gabriel , Maxwell Bryan , Cooke Richard Andrew , Wickramarathne N. M. , Gentry Lowell
Published: July 2023

Highlights

The bulk density of woodchips in denitrifying bioreactors in the field is unknown.

In situ bulk density estimation methods were developed for use during construction or excavation.

Dry bulk densities of aged woodchips at bioreactor bottoms were lower than previous literature values.

Moisture and particle size and density explained some, but not all, of the variation in in situ bulk densities.

Abstract. Woodchip bulk density in a denitrifying bioreactor governs system hydraulics, but this prime physical attribute has never been estimated in situ. The objectives were twofold: (1) to establish estimates of in situ woodchip bulk density at bioreactors in the field, and (2) evaluate causal factors for and resulting impacts of these estimates. Proof-of-concept bulk density methods were developed at a pilot-scale bioreactor using three ways to estimate volume: surveying the excavated area, pumping the excavation full through a flow meter, and using iPhone Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). These methods were then further tested at two new and three old full-size bioreactors. Additional ex situ (off-site) testing with the associated woodchips included analysis of bulk density along a moisture gradient and particle size, particle density, wood composition, and hydraulic property testing. In situ dry bulk densities based on the entire volume of the new bioreactors (206-224 kg/m3) were similar to values from previous lab-scale studies. In situ estimates for woodchips at the bottom of aged bioreactors (22-mo. to 6-y) were unexpectedly low (120-166 kg/m3), given that these woodchips would presumably be the most compacted. These low moisture-content corrected dry bulk densities were influenced by high moisture contents in situ (>70% wet basis). The impacts of particle size and particle density on bulk density were somewhat mixed across the dataset, but in general, smaller woodchips had higher dry bulk densities than larger, and several woodchips sourced from the bottom of bioreactors had low particle densities. Although dry bulk densities in the zone of flow in bioreactors in the field were shown to be relatively low, the resulting permeability coefficients under those packing conditions did not differ from those of the original woodchips. The LiDAR-based volume estimation method was the most practical for large-scale, full-size evaluations and allowed high precision with small features (e.g., vertical reactor edges, drainage fittings). Keywords: Compaction, Cone penetrometer, Drainable porosity, LiDAR, Moisture content, Survey.
Fat is Bad? Lumbar Discectomy in Patients with High Body Mass Index
Authors: Phuse Akshay B , Sinha Sumit , Yagnik Nishant , Gupta Ankush
Published: July 2023

Objective: Spine surgeons are experiencing increased morbidly obese patients with lumbar spine pathology in regular practice. There is a close association between back pain and morbid obesity, particularly due to chronic stresses on the spine. Our objective of this review of literature is to identify the difficulties encountered by the spine surgeons in lumbar spine microdiscectomy and to provide possible solutions for the same. All pre-operative, intra-operative including surgical techniques and post-operative complications with clinical outcomes are taken into consideration. Methods: obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) more than 30kg/m2 whereas Morbidly obese are the people who have BMI more than 40kg/m2 or BMI 35kg/m2 associated with at least 2 co morbid conditions. Keywords were taken as Micro discectomy, lumbar spine disease, morbidly obese, obese, obesity related spine pathology, spinal surgery in obese, Body mass index. This review article examined articles published concerning “lumbar microdiscectomy in obese patients” on Pub Med and Google scholar. We also included some articles related to lumbar fusion surgery in obese patient. Articles in which lumbar spine surgeries operated on non-obese patients and surgeries performed at cervical and dorsal level were excluded. We included 71 articles published on the related topic Results: Review illustrated that obese patients were at higher risk of complications at all stages of management. Pre-operatively obese patients showed inferior outcome to conservative management. Health care professionals are challenged in transportation, imaging, and resuscitation procedures of obese patients because of large body fat. Intra operatively obese patients have showed increased blood loss, operative time and infection rates. Even surgeries in obese patients were technically demanding. Obese patients demonstrated inferior clinical outcomes, increased complications rates compared to non-obese patients. Minimally invasive spine surgery has shown better and promising results in lumbar discectomy. Conclusion: lumbar surgeries on obese patients is fraught with multiple challenges starting from preoperative period might through the surgical procedure and rehabilitation With the increasing availability of technology and surgical expertise, MIS has proven to be equally effective, if not better, than traditional lumbar surgeries in this group of patients. Smaller surgical incisions, early mobilization and shorter duration of hospital stay are some of the advantages of this technique Keywords: Micro discectomy, Lumbar spine disease, Morbidly obese, Obese, Obesity related spine pathology, Spinal surgery in obese, Body mass index.
Whose borderline is it anyway? The frosted vortex – MY world, THEIR label
Authors: Hart Ruth
Published: July 2023

Created in response to the question ‘Whose borderline is it anyway’. The aim of the written word and associated graphical expression is to explore the experience of disassociation as someone who has been given the label of borderline personality disorder. More accurately, my experience of disassociation as a response to complex trauma triggers. Highlighting the compounding impact of the fear an individual experiences from a complex history of trauma and the fear of judgement associated with the diagnosis.
Emotions and social conflicts: mobilisations against animal husbandry in Brittany, France
Authors: Romdhani Ali , Van Tilbeurgh Véronique
Published: July 2023

Social conflicts have been largely studied according to their rational aspect, looking at arguments and strategies mobilised by rationally engaged actors. However, land-use conflicts over animal husbandry in Brittany have shown that a pre-reflexive element comes into play, motivating action before justification. Emotions are a ‘forgotten variable’ of individual and collective action that can be fruitfully grasped in a relational approach, as a component of any social relations. In this article, we propose a theoretical framework to understand the role of emotions in social conflicts. The focus is on situations where people engage in conflict rather than avoid it. We base our framework on Dewey’s account of emotions as a ‘disruption in routine’ and rational thinking as an effort to readjust. To fully grasp the dynamics of conflict, we also suggest that the processes of emotional revision, routine, trust and values are essential components of collective action in situations of conflict.
Industria, artesanado y centros de producción de armamento en la Europa bajomedieval. Balance y perspectivas desde la Historia socioeconómica.
Authors: BADIA ARROYO Pere
Published: July 2023

La presente aportación pretende tratar la problemática en torno a la forma en que ha sido abordada la investigación sobre la historia del armamento y su contexto productivo. A partir de un estado de la cuestión general y específico de diferentes ámbitos académicos, se determinará la atención historiográfica recibida, las fuentes utilizadas y los enfoques y perspectivas de estudio mayoritarias. El objetivo principal es el de valorar en que medida los estudios precedentes han profundizado en las relaciones socioeconómicas entre centros armeros, fabricantes de armas y agentes comerciales presentes en los principales circuitos de exportación y distribución de armas y armaduras.

Palabras clave: armeros, industria armera, armas, guerra, Baja Edad Media.
All-optical ultrasound catheter for rapid B-mode oesophageal imaging
Authors: Lewis-Thompson India , Zhang Edward Z. , Beard Paul C. , Desjardins Adrien E. , Colchester Richard J.
Published: July 2023

All-optical ultrasound (OpUS) is an imaging paradigm that uses light to
both generate and receive ultrasound, and has progressed from benchtop
to in vivo studies in recent years, demonstrating
promise for minimally invasive surgical applications. In this work, we
present a rapid pullback imaging catheter for side-viewing B-mode
ultrasound imaging within the upper gastrointestinal tract. The device
comprised an ultrasound transmitter configured to generate ultrasound
laterally from the catheter and a plano-concave microresonator for
ultrasound reception. This imaging probe was capable of generating
ultrasound pressures in excess of 1 MPa with corresponding −6
dB bandwidths > 20 MHz. This enabled imaging resolutions as low as
45 µm and 120 µm in the axial and lateral extent
respectively, with a corresponding signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 42
dB. To demonstrate the potential of the device for clinical imaging,
an ex vivo swine oesophagus was imaged using the
working channel of a mock endoscope for device delivery. The full
thickness of the oesophagus was resolved and several tissue layers
were present in the resulting ultrasound images. This work
demonstrates the promise for OpUS to provide rapid diagnostics and
guidance alongside conventional endoscopy.
Beam shifts controlled by orbital angular momentum in a guided-surface plasmon resonance structure with a four-level atomic medium
Authors: Chen Yuetao , Chen Gaiqing , Luo Mengmeng , Chang Shoukang , Gao Shaoyan
Published: July 2023

We proposed a scheme to realize tunable giant Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert Fedorov (IF) shifts of the Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beam on a guided-wave surface plasmon resonance (GWSPR) structure backed by a coherent atomic medium with the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) effect. The orbital angular momentum carried by the incident LG beam can be applied to enhance and control IF shifts but is not beneficial to GH shifts. However, in the presence of SGC effect in the atomic medium, both GH and IF shifts can be simultaneously enhanced and well controlled. With the SGC effect, the linear absorption of the atomic medium vanishes, while the nonlinear absorption of that can be significantly enhanced and controlled by the trigger field, which contributes to controlling of the beam shifts. In particular, the direction of GH shifts can be switched by the Rabi frequency of the trigger field, which can be interpreted as the result of a competition between the inherent damping and the radiative damping corresponding to the nontrivial change in the loci of the reflection coefficients. This scheme provides an effective method to flexibly control and enhance the beam shifts, so it has potential applications in integrated optics, optical sensors, etc.
Generating dual-wavelength VECSEL by selecting birefringence filter material and the application toward mid-infrared region via intracavity OPO
Authors: Tsai Shin-Lin , Cho Chun-Yu
Published: July 2023

A method for realizing a synchronized watt-level dual-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser (VECSEL) by using a tilted birefringence filter (BRF) is demonstrated. It is verified that by selecting suitable BRF material with different refractive index differences between extraordinary wave and ordinary wave, the dual-wavelength emission with a free spectrum range from sub-THz to tens of THz can be achieved. The output characteristics of such a dual-wavelength VECSEL are thoroughly investigated including its wavelength tunability and power difference. Finally, the intracavity optical parametric oscillator is applied to efficiently convert the dual-wavelength laser toward the mid-infrared region. The gain competition and longitudinal mode hopping performances for the multi-wavelength mid-infrared output are explored.
Efficient 1.7 µm pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers
Authors: Kratochvíl Jan , Šulc Jan , Jelínková Helena
Published: July 2023

Solid-state 2 µm lasers based on thulium-doped active media Tm:YAG, Tm:YAP, and Tm:YLF were investigated under 1.7 µm resonant diode pumping. In contrast with standard 0.8 µm pump wavelength, a high slope efficiency was achieved, up to 80% in the case of Tm:YAP and Tm:YLF, nearing a quantum limit without relying on Tm3+–Tm3+ cross-relaxation energy transfer. Low thermal load allowed for stable continuous-wave operation with good beam quality and output power up to 6 W (Tm:YAG, Tm:YLF), and 8 W (Tm:YAP).
Focusing characteristic change and processing characteristic evaluation of femtosecond-to-picosecond pulse lasers above the air ionization threshold
Authors: Nishibata Itsuki , Nakanii Nobuhiko , Sano Tomokazu
Published: July 2023

The utilization of ultrashort pulse lasers surpassing the air ionization threshold may result in detrimental focusing due to nonlinear optical phenomena. In the context of ultrashort pulse laser processing, alterations in focusing characteristics can lead to reduced processing efficiency and quality. In this study, numerical simulations were conducted to visualize the focusing characteristics across pulse durations ranging from femtoseconds to picoseconds. The distribution of fluence and the position of maximum focus during laser focusing are found to be dependent on the pulse duration, and correction of the irradiation position is crucial for achieving proper processing. The intensity and fluence achieved under high numerical aperture (NA) conditions are determined by the combination of NA and pulse duration. These findings are crucial in selecting optimal laser conditions and achieving optimal control of the processing position in high-energy laser processing applications.
Pulse-resolved beam position measurements of high energy X-ray pulses at MHz rate with a diamond sensor
Authors: Çonka Yıldız Tuba , Freund Wolfgang , Liu Jia , Pomorski Michal , Grünert Jan
Published: July 2023

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility produces extremely
intense and short X-ray pulses. A diamond sensor proposed for
non-invasive diagnostics of hard X-rays enables pulse-resolved beam
position measurements within less than 1% uncertainty at
2.25MHz.
Research on Suitable Viscosity and Driving Waveform of Chromatic Electrowetting with Good Photoelectric Characteristics
Authors: Chen Mingzhen , Lin Shanling , Mei Ting , Xie Ziyu , Lin Jianpu , Lin Zhixian , Guo Tailiang , Tang Biao
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a kind of periodic complex ramp pulse driving waveform in the electrowetting display system with suitable viscosity ink. Firstly, considering the fluid-motion characteristics of different viscosity inks, the relationship between the contact angle and viscosity of inks in the liquid-oil-solid three-phase contact display system is calculated to obtain the suitable viscosity range and driving voltage range. Secondly, the physical model of ink motion with different viscosity is established by COMSOL simulation. Then, During the ink shrinkage movement after applying voltage, the change of the meniscus height at the oil-liquid interface is calculated. Finally, the appropriate viscosity range of the ink movement is verified and obtained based on the meniscus height. On this basis, after applying the driving voltage of different amplitude and frequency respectively, the ink movement situation is observed to design a suitable driving waveform. The results show that when the viscosity of ink fluid is between 0.005 and 0.015Pa·s, the higher the voltage amplitude and the lower the frequency, the higher the meniscus height of ink shrinkage, which is consistent with the characteristics of magenta ink tested in the experiment. Experimental tests show that the driving waveform designed in this paper can not only suppress the phenomenon of oil film splitting, backflow and contact angle saturation hysteresis, but also improve the ink response speed and pixel aperture ratio, in which the aperture ratio is increased to 68.69%. This research is of great significance to optimize the structure of fluid material and the design of driving in electrowetting display.
Practical Methods for Allocating and Assessing
Resources in Flexgrid Networks
Authors: gravey annie , Chouman Hussein , Gravey Philippe , Keriven Hervé , Morvan Michel , Alahdab Luay , Colares Rafael
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on quantifying the efficiency of different methods used to allocate resources in flexgrid optical networks. These methods are based on a recently proposed Integer Linear Programming formulation of the Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) problem that takes into account all possible paths and thus theoretically yields optimal solutions, whatever be the objective function. The paper advocates using a metric-based approach for assessing RSA methods preferably to the classical approach based on the blocking probability of dynamic demands, because of the long lifetime of optical paths and of the necessity of evaluating an operational network's state early enough before congestion. The main existing fragmentation metrics are extended to network level and a family of network remaining capacity metrics, more suited to assess congestion levels, are introduced. When demands are incrementally mapped, the latter decrease quite linearly, with a slope reflecting the quality of the RSA method. Remaining capacity values are used to compare several off-line methods where the demand sets are mapped either globally or one-by-one with a suitable ordering. In both on- and off-line cases, using the sum of the demands' maximum spectrum slice index (an original objective function proposed here), provides the best performance. Finally a method to anticipate a possible congestion, based on a combination of metrics computed on the actual and a reference network instance, is presented.
Optical leaky fin waveguide for long-range optical antennas on high-index contrast photonic circuit platforms
Authors: Van Iseghem Lukas , Bogaerts Wim
Published: July 2023

Long-distance light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications require an aperture size in the order of 30 mm to project 200–300 m. To generate such collimated Gaussian beams from the surface of a chip, this work presents a novel waveguide antenna concept, which we call an “optical leaky fin antenna,” consisting of a tapered waveguide with a narrow vertical “fin” on top. The proposed structure (operating aroundλ=1.55  μm) overcomes fundamental fabrication challenges encountered in weak apodized gratings, the conventional method to create an off-chip wide Gaussian beam from a waveguide chip. We explore the design space of the antenna by scanning the relevant cross section parameters in a mode solver, and their sensitivity is examined. We also investigate the dispersion of the emission pattern and angle with the wavelength. The simulated design space is then used to construct and simulate an optical antenna to emit a collimated target intensity profile. Results show inherent robustness to crucial design parameters and indicate good scalability of the design. Possibilities and challenges to fabricate this device concept are also discussed. This novel antenna concept illustrates the possibility to integrate long optical antennas required for long-range solid-state LiDAR systems on a high-index contrast platform with a scalable fabrication method.
Requirements, Design Principles & Design Features zur Entwicklung von nutzerzentrierten Energy Information Systems im Privatkundenbereich
Authors: Matuschik-Weiss Tobias
Published: July 2023

Dieser Artikel zeigt die positiven Wirkeffekte des gezielten Einsatzes von Data Analytics im Umfeld von Energiedaten auf, um ein nutzerzentriertes Energy Information System (EIS) für Privatkunden zu designen. Auf Basis der Methode des Design Science Research wurden aus realen Nutzerproblemen literaturbasiert 30 Meta-Requirements abgeleitet, die als Ausgangslage für 5 Design Principles (DP) zur Lösung dieser praxisrelevanten Problemstellung dienen. Diese führen anschließend zur Erstellung von 17 Design Features (DF) als konkrete Anweisungen für die Implementierung eines EIS. Zur Evaluation wurden die DPs und DFs mit der Methode des Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) bewertet und in eine Rangfolge gebracht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Implementierung von Standardfunktionen zur Deckung des Informationsbedarfs von Privatkunden (DP 1) die höchste Priorität haben sollte, gefolgt von der Zerlegung des Energieverbrauchs eines Haushaltes bis hin zu einzelnen Geräten (DP 4). Auch die Priorisierung der DFs liefern unmittelbare Hinweise für die praktische Umsetzung eines EIS, in Form einer Neuimplementierung oder Erweiterung von bestehenden Systemen, und geben ebenfalls eine Indikation welche DFs nicht mit höchster Priorität umgesetzt werden müssen bzw. obsolet sind. Die erzeugten Erkenntnisse sind dabei generalisierungsfähig und auch auf andere Domänen anwendbar.
Unified tumor growth mechanisms from multimodel inference and dataset integration
Authors: Beik Samantha P. , Harris Leonard A. , Kochen Michael A. , Sage Julien , Quaranta Vito , Lopez Carlos F.
Published: July 2023

Mechanistic models of biological processes can explain observed phenomena and predict responses to a perturbation. A mathematical model is typically constructed using expert knowledge and informal reasoning to generate a mechanistic explanation for a given observation. Although this approach works well for simple systems with abundant data and well-established principles, quantitative biology is often faced with a dearth of both data and knowledge about a process, thus making it challenging to identify and validate all possible mechanistic hypothesis underlying a system behavior. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a Bayesian multimodel inference (Bayes-MMI) methodology, which quantifies how mechanistic hypotheses can explain a given experimental datasets, and concurrently, how each dataset informs a given model hypothesis, thus enabling hypothesis space exploration in the context of available data. We demonstrate this approach to probe standing questions about heterogeneity, lineage plasticity, and cell-cell interactions in tumor growth mechanisms of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We integrate three datasets that each formulated different explanations for tumor growth mechanisms in SCLC, apply Bayes-MMI and find that the data supports model predictions for tumor evolution promoted by high lineage plasticity, rather than through expanding rare stem-like populations. In addition, the models predict that in the presence of cells associated with the SCLC-N or SCLC-A2 subtypes, the transition from the SCLC-A subtype to the SCLC-Y subtype through an intermediate is decelerated. Together, these predictions provide a testable hypothesis for observed juxtaposed results in SCLC growth and a mechanistic interpretation for tumor treatment resistance.
Starting at the community: Treatment-seeking pathways of children with suspected severe malaria in Uganda
Authors: Brunner Nina C. , Karim Aliya , Athieno Proscovia , Kimera Joseph , Tumukunde Gloria , Angiro Irene , Signorell Aita , Delvento Giulia , Lee Tristan T. , Lambiris Mark , Ogwal Alex , Nakiganda Juliet , Mpanga Flavia , Kagwire Fred , Amutuhaire Maureen , Burri Christian , Lengeler Christian , Awor Phyllis , Hetzel Manuel W.
Published: July 2023

Community health workers (CHW) usually refer children with suspected severe malaria to the nearest public health facility or a designated public referral health facility (RHF). Caregivers do not always follow this recommendation. This study aimed at identifying post-referral treatment-seeking pathways that lead to appropriate antimalarial treatment for children less than five years with suspected severe malaria. An observational study in Uganda enrolled children below five years presenting to CHWs with signs of severe malaria. Children were followed up 28 days after enrolment to assess their condition and treatment-seeking history, including referral advice and provision of antimalarial treatment from visited providers. Of 2211 children included in the analysis, 96% visited a second provider after attending a CHW. The majority of CHWs recommended caregivers to take their child to a designated RHF (65%); however, only 59% followed this recommendation. Many children were brought to a private clinic (33%), even though CHWs rarely recommended this type of provider (3%). Children who were brought to a private clinic were more likely to receive an injection than children brought to a RHF (78% vs 51%, p<0.001) and more likely to receive the second or third-line injectable antimalarial (artemether: 22% vs. 2%, p<0.001, quinine: 12% vs. 3%, p<0.001). Children who only went to non-RHF providers were less likely to receive an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) than children who attended a RHF (odds ratio [OR] = 0.64, 95% CI 0.51–0.79, p<0.001). Children who did not go to any provider after seeing a CHW were the least likely to receive an ACT (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.14–0.34, p<0.001). Health policies should recognise local treatment-seeking practices and ensure adequate quality of care at the various public and private sector providers where caregivers of children with suspected severe malaria actually seek care.
Demographic and clinical risk factors associated with severity of lab-confirmed human leptospirosis in Colombia, 2015–2020
Authors: Parra Barrera Eliana L. , Bello Piruccini Solmara , Rodríguez Karina , Duarte Carolina , Torres Marisa , Undurraga Eduardo A.
Published: July 2023

Background

Leptospirosis is a common zoonoses and is a major global public health threat. Most cases are mild, typically presenting as a non-specific acute febrile illness. However, leptospirosis can have life-threatening manifestations, including pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome, and acute kidney injury. In Colombia, notification and lab-confirmation of suspected human cases are mandatory. However, little is known about the demographic and clinical factors associated with severe leptospirosis, which could help to reduce clinical complications and mortality. Our aim was to identify risk factors associated with severe leptospirosis, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality in lab-confirmed cases in Colombia, 2015–2020.

Methods and findings

We analyzed 201 lab-confirmed human leptospirosis cases by microagglutination test. We used a logistic regression to identify the demographic and clinical risk factors associated with severe leptospirosis, admission to ICU, and death. Most leptospirosis confirmed cases occurred in men (85.6%); the mean age was 36.7 years. We classified severe cases (43.3%) by clinical manifestations as renal (29.9%) and liver (27.4%) failure, multiple-organ failure (24.4%), septic shock (24.4%), Weil syndrome (18.4%), pulmonary hemorrhage (18.4%), and meningitis (2.5%), admitted to the ICU (30.3%), and fatal (8.5%). Clinical conditions associated with severe leptospirosis were dyspnea (OR: 5.54; 95% CI: 1.46 to 20.98), tachycardia (OR:9.69; 95% CI: 15.96 to 58.8), and rash (OR: 10.25; 95% CI: 25.01 to 42.08).

Conclusions

We identified demographic characteristics and clinical symptoms associated with severe leptospirosis in Colombia. We hope these results can support clinicians in providing timely treatment to leptospirosis patients to avoid preventable medical complications or deaths.
Lipoxin receptor agonist and inhibition of LTA4 hydrolase prevent tight junction disruption caused by P. aeruginosa filtrate in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Kalsi Kameljit K. , Jackson Sonya , Baines Deborah L.
Published: July 2023

Airway diseases can disrupt tight junction proteins, compromising the epithelial barrier and making it more permeable to pathogens. In people with pulmonary disease who are prone to infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pro-inflammatory leukotrienes are increased and anti-inflammatory lipoxins are decreased. Upregulation of lipoxins is effective in counteracting inflammation and infection. However, whether combining a lipoxin receptor agonist with a specific leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) inhibitor could enhance these protective effects has not to our knowledge been investigated. Therefore, we explored the effect of lipoxin receptor agonist BML-111 and JNJ26993135 a specific LTA4H inhibitor that prevents the production of pro-inflammatory LTB4 on tight junction proteins disrupted by P. aeruginosa filtrate (PAF) in human airway epithelial cell lines H441 and 16HBE-14o. Pre-treatment with BML-111 prevented an increase in epithelial permeability induced by PAF and conserved ZO-1 and claudin-1 at the cell junctions. JNJ26993135 similarly prevented the increased permeability induced by PAF, restored ZO-1 and E-cadherin and reduced IL-8 but not IL-6. Cells pre-treated with BML-111 plus JNJ26993135 restored TEER and permeability, ZO-1 and claudin-1 to the cell junctions. Taken together, these data indicate that the combination of a lipoxin receptor agonist with a LTA4H inhibitor could provide a more potent therapy.
Peripheral ischemic reserve in sepsis and septic shock as a new bedside prognostic enrichment tool: A Brazilian cohort study
Authors: de Miranda Ana Carolina , De Stefani Fernanda do Carmo , Dal Vesco Bruna Cassia , Junior Hipólito Carraro , Morello Luis Gustavo , Assreuy Jamil , de Menezes Igor Alexandre Cortês
Published: July 2023

Microvascular dysfunctions are associated with poor prognosis in sepsis. However, the potential role of clinical assessment of peripheral ischemic microvascular reserve (PIMR), a parameter that characterizes the variation of peripheral perfusion index (PPI) after brief ischemia of the upper arm, as a tool to detect sepsis-induced microvascular dysfunction and for prognostic enrichment has not been established. To address this gap, this study investigated the association of high PIMR with mortality over time in patients with sepsis and its subgroups (with and without shock) and peripheral perfusion (capillary-refill time). This observational cohort study enrolled consecutive septic patients in four Intensive-care units. After fluid resuscitation, PIMR was evaluated using the oximetry-derived PPI and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia for two consecutive days in septic patients. Two hundred and twenty-six patients were included—117 (52%) in the low PIMR group and 109 (48%) in the high PIMR group. The study revealed differences in mortality between groups on the first day, which was higher in the high PIMR group (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.00–1.55; p = 0.04) and maintained its prognostic significance after multivariate adjustment. Subsequently, this analysis was made for sepsis subgroups and showed significant differences in mortality only for the septic-shock subgroup, with was higher in the high PIMR group (RR 2.14; 95% CI 1.49–3.08; p = 0.01). The temporal ΔPPI peak values (%) analyses did not demonstrate maintenance of the predictive value over the first 48 h in either group (p > 0.05). A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.41) between ΔPPI peak (%) and capillary-refill time (s) was found within the first 24 hours of diagnosis (p < 0.001). In conclusion, detecting a high PIMR within 24 h appears to be a prognostic marker for mortality in sepsis. Furthermore, its potential as a prognostic enrichment tool seems to occur mainly in septic shock.
Postcolonialism and postmigration: Re-mapping the topography of the possible
Authors: Yildiz Erol , Rotter Anita
Published: July 2023

The term postmigration was developed in Europe and has also received attention beyond the German-speaking context in recent years. It covers various aspects and allows for a discussion of social, political and cultural contexts, which can generally be described as counter-hegemonic knowledge production. It re-interprets and re-contextualizes historical, as well as current developments in immigration societies. Since postmigration has certain analogies with the discourse on postcolonialism, we will first deal with Eurocentric ideology related to postcolonialism. Subsequently, we will present the basic concepts of postmigration and address their relevance for critical and contemporary research in migration studies and social analysis. Thus, postmigration, through an aesthetic, material and affective intervention in the practical field, opens up new possibilities for political modes of resistance and subjectification beyond hegemonic interpretations of belonging.
Migration is everywhere: The overlooked landscapes of Inch’Allah Dimanche (2001) by Yamina Benguigui
Authors: Luna-Dubois Álvaro
Published: July 2023

This article examines Yamina Benguigui’s 2001 filmInch’Allah Dimancheas a reflection of the transformative impact of past and ongoing migrations to France. While the narrative centres on an Algerian family reunification in the north of France during the 1970s, the film incorporates numerous landscapes as active aesthetic and narrative devices that, I argue, could be studied through a postmigratory lens. In an ecological reading that attends to the multiple discursive, historical and thematic threads embedded in the film’s physical environment, I analyse three landscapes featured as metaphors for the sets of struggles, conflicts and negotiations taking place in societies shaped by migration and colonialism. By taking such an approach, I aim to foreground the ecological dimensions of postmigration and their potential to further decentre the study of audio-visual narratives about migration.
A beautiful place: Postmigrant trajectories in and around Berlin’s Tempelhofer Feld
Authors: Pegorer Francesca
Published: July 2023

Tempelhofer Feld, in Berlin, Germany, is a large urban park located in the south of the city. Returned to the residents as a public green area in the early 2000s, the park has since become increasingly popular. Plans for a development of the area (including turning part of the area into a residential compound) have been consistently met with strong opposition. This paper looks at how regular users (with a background of migration) engage with the park, across a variety of activities and social constellations. Even though, to a casual observer, the park doesn’t seem to offer much more than a flat sequence of grassy lawns and asphalt lanes, there is, among regulars, a strong consensus on the beauty of the place. It’s an experiential (as opposed to contemplative) beauty, that enhances people’s sense of emplacement, of being present in space, as well as their affective entanglement with it. Through their relationship with the park, and among themselves, the research participants reorient themselves as Berlin residents, negotiating and reconfiguring the often narrow confines of their situation as migrants.
THE EFFECT OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED COENZYME Q10 ON THE VIABILITY OF RANDOM SKIN FLAP IN NICOTINE EXPOSED WISTAR RATS
Authors: Agustina Wilma , Budi Agus Santoso , Rizaliyana Sitti
Published: July 2023

Introduction : Nicotine was assumed to be the cause of compromised flap. The administration of antioxidants can eliminate such effect, and one of the most promising antioxidants is Coenzyme Q10. The research aims to find the effect of orally administered Coenzyme Q10 on the viability of random skin flaps in nicotine-exposed wistar rats.
Method : Twenty-seven white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were assigned in three groups. The first group received no nicotine, while the other two groups were nebulized with nicotine for 4 consecutive weeks, and treated as random skin flaps. In third group, Coenzyme Q10 was administered for 7 days. Then, a standard histopathological staining and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measurement were performed on flap sample to examine the extent of neovascularization and VEGF cell expression.
Result : The average number of capillaries in group I was 5.33 ± 1.323, in group II was 5.89 ± 0.782, and in group III was 7.78 ± 2.587. There was no significant difference (p = 0.317, 95% CI) in groups I and II of VEGF expression. However, significant differences were found in the intensity of VEGF (p = 0.009, 95% CI) in groups I and group III, and in groups II and group III (p = 0.011, 95% CI). Thus, the intensity was stronger on the subject with coenzyme Q10 compared with the other two groups.
Conclusion: Coenzyme Q10 increases the viability of random flaps by increasing the number of capillaries and VEGF expression.
THE DOCUMENTATION OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE PATIENTS AT THE DEWI SARTIKA HOSPITAL IN KENDARI
Authors: Subarno Saktrio Darmono , Ibnu Ikhsan M. Idris
Published: July 2023

Introduction : Cleft in the lips and palate is a congenital abnormality in the lip and palate. The incidence of oral cleft in the United States is estimated to be 1 in 700 births. Meanwhile, for Indonesia, especially the Southeast Sulawesi region, it has not been well documented.
Method : This is a retrospective study to determine the prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate or labiopalatosc at Dewi Sartika Hospital in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi between January and December 2018.
Result : Prevalence of Labioschisis, Palatoschisis and Labiopalatochisis on January-December 2018 is 23 patients (33%), 13 patients (19%) and 34 patients (49%). Presentation for each of kind unilateral are : unilateral labioschisis is 38 patients (66,7%) and bilateral labioschisis is 19 patients (33,3%). Presentation according to the place of defect labioschisis : right is 10 patients (17,6%), left 28 patients (49,1%), bilateral 19 patients (33,3%). Distribution kind of palatoschizis : complete palatoschizis is 49 patients (89%) and Incomplete palatoschizis is 6 patients (11%). Presentation labioschizis according to sex : Male 40 patients (57%), and female is 30 patients (43%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of cleft lip and palate has many forms, kind of labioschisis that large is unilateral labioschisis and localization defect is often on left edge. Complete labioschizis is large than incomplete palatoschizis. Labioschisis is happen more to male.
A FLAP MODALITY FOR RESURFACING FOLLOWING EXTERNAL GENITALIA TUMOR ABLATION: A CONSECUTIVE CASE SERIES
Authors: Muzakkie Mufida , Amatullah Sakinah Annisaa Nabila
Published: July 2023

Introduction : External genitalia defect may result from various cases such as vulvar cancer, cervical cancer, tumor metastases, etc. Female genitalia is challenging for reconstruction due to many complex anatomical structure like urethra, vagina, anus, and its a highly mobile region. It is need to reconstruct with high successful rate and low morbidity procedure. The aim of this paper is to report various flaps for resurfacing following external genitalia defect.
Method : From September 2017 - April 2022, 7 patients referred by Obstetric Gynecology Department to Plastic Surgery Division at Muhammad Hoesin Central General Hospital. The data was reviewed retrospectively to evaluate demographic, diagnosis, choice of flap reconstruction, functional and anatomical long term evaluation.
Result : The ages of the patients ranged from 29 - 67 year-old, diagnosed with cervical cancer with tumor metastases to vulva in 16% (n=1) and vulvar carcinoma 84% (n=5). Flaps performed: Antero-lateral Thigh (ALT) flap in 14,5% (n=1), gracilis flap in 28,5% (n= 2), rotation flap in 28,5% (n= 2), keystone flap in 28,5% (n=1). A major dehiscence and need required reoperation for abscess in 16% (n=1). Flap selection based on size, region, and anatomical structure defect. ALT was chosen for wide and bilateral vulvar and perineal defect, gracilis for unilateral vulvar and perineal defect, Keystone flap for half of vulvar and perineal defect, rotation flap for defect on mons region.
Conclusion: Flap selection in genitalia external reconstruction must be consider on the anatomical loss structure and defect size to achive durable tissue for acceptable functional and mobilisation. The algorithm may help to choose for flap based on loss area.
БАРИАТРИЧЕСКАЯ ОПЕРАЦИЯ СПОСОБСТВУЕТ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЮ ПРОЛИФЕРАЦИИ
МЕЗЕНХИМАЛЬНЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК ПОДКОЖНОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ ТКАНИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ
С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА
Authors: Агарёва М. Ю. , Стафеев Ю. С. , Мичурина С. С. , Болдырева М. А. , Шестакова Е. А. , Гаврилова А. О. , Синеокая М. С. , Меньшиков М. Ю. , Парфенова Е. В. , Шестакова М. В.
Published: July 2023

ЦЕЛЬ: исследовать влияние бариатрической операции (БО) на жизнеспособность и пролиферацию мезенхимальных стволовых клеток жировой ткани (МСК ЖТ) пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2).

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: МСК были получены из подкожной ЖТ пациентов с СД2 до бариатрической операции и спустя полгода после бариатрической операции (пациенты с ИМТ>35 кг/м2, длительность ожирения более 10 лет). Выделение клеток проводили согласно стандартному протоколу с использованием коллагеназы 1 типа. Жизнеспособность клеток оценивали с помощью колориметрического МТТ-теста с предварительной инкубацией клеток в среде с различным содержанием сыворотки – 1% и 10% эмбриональной бычьей сыворотки (FBS). Экспрессию ядерного антигена пролиферирующих клеток (PCNA) определяли с помощью иммуноцитохимического окрашивания и иммуноблоттинга.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: иммуноцитохимическое окрашивание показало, что стимуляция клеток сывороткой демонстрирует более чем в два раза увеличенное содержание PCNA-положительных клеток среди МСК, полученных после бариатрической операции по сравнению с МСК до бариатрической операции. Аналогичные результаты наблюдаются при анализе экспрессии PCNA методом иммуноблоттинга – стимуляция сывороткой способствует большей экспрессии PCNA в клетках пациентов после бариатрической операции. При этом МТТ-тест продемонстрировал увеличение жизнеспособности МСК после бариатрической операции, вне зависимости от процентного содержания сыворотки в среде.

ВЫВОДЫ: мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, полученные после бариатрической операции из подкожной жировой ткани пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа, обладают увеличенным пролиферативным потенциалом и жизнеспособностью по сравнению с МСК пациентов до бариатрической операции.
ТЕЛЕМЕДИЦИНСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ — ПОМОЩНИК В РЕШЕНИИ ТРУДНЫХ ЗАДАЧ
Authors: Руденко Т. Ю. , Шимохина О. Н. , Гржибовская О. Я. , Матвеева И. А. , Тараскина Т. А. , Шандалова И. В.
Published: July 2023

ЦЕЛЬ: изучить структуру заболеваний направляемых больных, выявить частоту госпитализаций

в Федеральные учреждения, определить причину направлений в медицинские организации более вы-

сокого уровня.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: с 2019 г по 2022 г включительно в отделении эндокринологии ГБУЗ

Пензенская областная клиническая больница им. Н.Н. Бурденко» осуществлено 108 телемедицинских

консультаций в Федеральные медицинские центры: ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России,

НМИЦ нейрохирургии им академика Н.Н.Бурденко, ФГБУ «НМИЦ им В.А.Алмазова».

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: в структуре направляемых пациентов преобладали женщины- 78 человек (72,3%). Мужчин

30 человек (27,7%). Возраст больных от 21 до 74 лет.

Направлены следующие нозологии:

1. Гиперпаратиреоз – 26 человек (24,0%), в том числе из них одна беременная. Из них первичный ги-

перпаратиреоз – 24 человека (92,3%), в том числе нормокальциемический вариант – 1 человек (4,1%),

третичный – 1 человек (3,85%), неуточнённый – 1 человек (3,85%);

2. Акромегалия – 12 человек (11,1%);

3. Диффузный токсический зоб с объемом щитовидной железы более 50 мл3 – 14 человек (12,9%);

4. Гормонально активные образования надпочечников (гиперальдостеронизм, феохромоцитома, узел-

ковая гиперплазия надпочечников) – 6 человек (5,5%);

5. Болезнь Иценко-Кушинга – 6 человек (5,5%);

6. Сахарный диабет 1 и 2 типа с осложнениями – 6 человек (5,5%);

7. Инсулинома – 5 человек (4,6%);

8. Синдром МЭН – 2 человека (1,8%);

9. Прочие нозологии, по 1–2 случая, среди которых врожденная дисфункция коры надпочечников,

нетоксический многоузловой зоб, пангипопитуитаризм, экзогенный гиперкортицизм, белково-энергети-

ческая недостаточность, послеоперационная надпочечниковая недостаточность, гиперпролактинемия,

эндокринная офтальмопатия, послеоперационный гипотиреоз, послеоперационный гипопаратиреоз –

29 человек (26,8%).

74 пациентам (68,5%) рекомендована госпитализация в Федеральные центры, 34 больным (31,5%) –

динамическое наблюдение по месту жительства.

В медицинские организации более высокого уровня чаще всего направляют пациентов, которые пред-

ставляли трудности для диагностики и лечения в ПОКБ им Н.Н. Бурденко вследствие отсутствия: нейро-

мониторинга возвратного гортанного нерва при операциях на щитовидной и околощитовидных желе-

зах; возможности интраоперационного контроля паратгормона крови; проведения ПЭТ КТ и ОФЭКТ-КТ

с Технецием[99mTс]; недостаточный опыт хирургов общего профиля для проведения операций на гормо-

нально активных образованиях.

ВЫВОДЫ: возможность осуществлять телемедицинские консультации с Федеральными центрами по-

могает в верификации трудных диагнозов, ускоряет маршрутизацию и госпитализацию пациентов. Прямой

контакт с высокоспециализированными медицинскими центрами способствует внедрению современных

методов диагностики, обследования и лечения болезней эндокринной системы на региональном уровне.
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОСТНОЙ
ТКАНИ СТОПЫ У БОЛЬНЫХ САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА И ДИАБЕТИЧЕСКОЙ
НЕЙРООСТЕОАРТРОПАТИЕЙ
Authors: Токмакова А. Ю. , Коган Е. А. , Зайцева Е. Л. , Демура С. А. , Каландия М. М. , Галстян Г. Р.
Published: July 2023

Диабетическая нейроостеоартропатия (ДНОАП, стопа Шарко) – серьезное инвалидизирующее осложне-

ние сахарного диабета как 1, так и 2 типа, которое, при отсутствии своевременного адекватного лечения,

может приводить к формированию длительно незаживающих раневых дефектов стопы и значительно

повышать риск высокой ампутации пораженной конечности. В настоящее время причины и механизм

развития стопы Шарко до конца неясны. Крайне актуальным является определение патофизиологических

механизмов ее формирования и поиск достоверных маркеров-предикторов данной патологии.

ЦЕЛЬ: изучить иммуногистохимические особенности костной ткани стопы у пациентов с сахарным

диабетом 2 типа (СД2) и диабетической нейроостеоартропатией по сравнению с лицами c СД2 без этого

позднего осложнения.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в ходе хирургического вмешательства на стопе выполнен забор фрагмента

скелета стопы для выполнения иммуногистохимического исследования маркеров рецепторов к PINP, PIIINP

и RAGE в группе больных с ДНОАП по сравнению с группой контроля.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: в исследование включены 20 пациентов с СД2 и нейропатической формой синдрома

диабетической стопы, которые были разделены на 2 группы: 10 пациентов с ДНОАП составили 1 группу,

10 пациентов без ДНОАП – 2 группу.

Пациенты обеих групп были сопоставимы по возрасту, длительности СД2, уровню гликемического

контроля.

В результате иммуногистохимического исследования было зафиксировано достоверное усиление

интенсивности окрашивания маркеров рецепторов к PINP, PIIINP и RAGE в группе пациентов с ДНОАП

по сравнению с группой контроля (p<0.05).

ВЫВОДЫ: впервые проведено иммуногистохимическое исследование маркеров костной резорбции

и конечных продуктов гликирования (КПГ) у лиц с СД2 и ДНОАП. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют

о нарушении коллагенообразования и, как следствие, о нарушении формирования и резорбции кости

у пациентов с ДНОАП: в группе 1 выявлено статистически достоверное повышение экспрессии PINP,PIIINP

и AGE.