bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastronomia e educação profissional nas escolas públicas brasileiras: análise do Catálogo Nacional de Cursos Técnicos
Authors: Santos Annah Bárbara Pinheiro dos , Barbosa Carlos Soares
Published: September 2024

A oferta de formações relacionadas a Gastronomia nas escolas públicas do Brasil ocorre por meio da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. Os cursos são divulgados por meio do Catálogo Nacional de Cursos Técnicos (CNCT) tornando este documento basilar para a compreensão do direcionamento da formação profissional vinculada a área. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os cursos técnicos relacionados à Gastronomia aprovados pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC). Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, que constituiu como corpus empírico para levantamento das informações a análise da quarta edição do CNCT, tendo sido selecionados todos os cursos que mencionam a palavra-chave “gastronomia” em suas descrições, o perfil disponibilizado e a indicação de área de atuação. Como resultado, foram encontrados sete cursos: Técnico em Nutrição e Dietética, Técnico em Alimentação Escolar, Técnico em Confeitaria, Técnico em Panificação, Técnico em Viticultura e Enologia, Técnico em Gastronomia e Técnico em Serviço de Restaurante e Bar. A partir das análises foi possível compreender que a Gastronomia é relacionada aos cursos pela esfera da produção culinária, que o curso Técnico em Gastronomia apresenta ênfase em gestão de empreendimentos gastronômicos e o curso Técnico em Alimentação Escolar é o primeiro a incluir a possibilidade de atuação no campo da Educação Alimentar e Nutricional nas escolas.
Metodologia de ensino baseada em projeto nos cursos de Gastronomia: relato de experiência em Cozinha Brasileira II
Authors: Aguiar Gabriela Cruz , Santos Carina Ellen da Silva
Published: September 2024

A unidade curricular de Cozinha Brasileira II do curso de Bacharelado em Gastronomia prevê em sua ementa os conteúdos das macrorregiões brasileiras do Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Compreendendo o processo de ensino-aprendizagem como possibilidade de desenvolver habilidades por meio de conhecimento consolidado, desenvolver e aplicar metodologias que abarque teoria e prática se faz coerente. O objetivo deste relato de experiência de ensino é descrever e contribuir na sistematização de práticas pedagógicas no curso superior de Gastronomia. A metodologia aplicada nesta prática conta com três pressupostos basilares: planejamento, multidisciplinaridade e metodologia ativa. O planejamento docente propôs atividade com referências e fundamentações teóricas, convite ao discente a desenvolver o caráter multidisciplinar e sua aplicabilidade, bem como a utilização de metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projeto - PBL. A partir disto foi realizado avaliação docente e coleta de percepção discente acerca da metodologia de avaliação. Como resultado dessa prática é possível observar por parte do docente e também dos discentes, que o envolvimento discente no projeto, por meio de pesquisa em fontes distintas, consideram o caráter multidisciplinar da gastronomia, bem como desvela habilidades paralelas ao objetivo principal.
Trajetória ensino, pesquisa e extensão do curso de Gastronomia da UFRJ
Authors: De Cnop Mara Lima , Karls Thaina Schwan , Silva Tânia Muzy da
Published: September 2024

O curso de gastronomia da UFRJ foi criado em 2010, a partir da demanda de expansão universitária. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar sua trajetória de ensino, pesquisa e extensão ao longo de 11 anos de existência, e se baseia em documental da legislação e do acervo interno da UFRJ. A graduação é na modalidade de bacharelado com carga horária total de 3.000 horas/aula, distribuídas entre teórica, prática e estágios curriculares, nos eixos de alimentos; hospitalidade e saúde; e gestão. Em relação à Extensão universitária, contempla 17 ações entre projetos, cursos e um programa nas temáticas de gestão e empreendedorismo, sustentabilidade, cultura e memória, história, divulgação de informações sobre gastronomia, saúde, e inclusão. Quanto à Pesquisa, o curso conta com três grupos criados no CNPq e mais de 110 trabalhos de conclusão de curso apresentados sobre diversas temáticas que permeiam os eixos do projeto pedagógico. Esse relato reflete uma trajetória de crescimento, de conquistas e desafios que reforçam o compromisso UFRJ em oferecer uma formação ampla e interdisciplinar, com esforço contínuo para a construção e consolidação da gastronomia como campo de ciência.
Egypt’s Press: More free, still fettered
Authors: Black Jeffrey
Published: September 2024

The court complex on Galaa Street in Downtown Cairo is one of the more dispiriting edifices of the Egyptian justice system. The graying, corpulent building is a warren of dank and cramped courtrooms, leaking pipes and crumbling walls. The general effect is an atmosphere that would inspire dread in all but the most plucky of defendants. It was with a sort of foreboding then, that correspondents went there on October 1st 2007, to cover the first hearing of the trial of Ibrahim Eissa, editor of al-Dostour newspaper, and one of the Egyptian government’s most lively critics. He had been charged with “endangering national stability.” He had apparently done so through a series of articles published during the previous month about the health (or otherwise) of 79-year old Hosni Mubarak, Egypt’s President. It had been a grim few weeks for Egyptian journalists. Seven days earlier, three staff at the opposition daily al-Wafd were sentenced to two years in prison for articles written about members of the judiciary. On September 13th, Mr Eissa himself, along with Wael Ibrashi, editor of Sowt al-Ummah, Adel Hammouda, editor of Al-Fajr and Abdel Halim Qandil, former editor of Al-Karama, were all given jail sentences, subject to appeal, for “insulting the president.” This latest case seemed to be crisis point in a much longer trend.
Datos preliminares del estudio sobre la tolerancia y eficacia de las gafas de desenfoque periférico para el control de la progresión de la miopía en la Argentina (Estudio Myofix Defocus)
Authors: Szeps Abel , Kotlik Carlos , Fernández Irigaray Leonardo , Saracco Guillermo , De Tomas Martin , Martin Gabriel , Iribarren Rafael
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y tolerabilidad del uso de un nuevo modelo de gafas diseñadas para controlar la progresión de la miopía en la infancia.
Materiales y métodos: El estudio Myofix Defocus es un estudio de investigación longitudinal, prospectivo, intervencionista y no aleatorizado para gafas de control de la miopía. Este estudio de campo incluye a 48 niños miopes de entre 8 y 15 años sin otra patología ocular inscritos desde junio de 2023 hasta abril de 2024. En este estudio se ofreció a los pacientes la opción de someterse a un tratamiento accesible en nuestra región (gotas de atropina diluidas compuestas) o a un tratamiento posiblemente igual de eficaz con gafas especiales diseñadas en nuestro país. En el presente estudio, se realizó una evaluación oftalmológica inicial completa con refracción objetiva bajo cicloplejía con registro de medidas de longitud axial y una encuesta sobre hábitos, estilo de vida y antecedentes familiares de alta miopía.
Resultados: Los datos iniciales mostraron una edad media de 10,72 ± 2,48 años y que 23/48 de ellos eran niñas. Su equivalente esférico medio era de -2,61 ± 1,12 dioptrías en el ojo derecho y de -2,37 ± 1,12 dioptrías en el ojo izquierdo. La queratometría media era de 43,52 ± 1,32 dioptrías en el ojo derecho y en el izquierdo. La longitud axial media fue de 24,38 ± 0,79 mm en el ojo derecho y de 24,34 ± 0,79 mm en el ojo izquierdo.
Conclusiones: Los datos iniciales del Estudio de Desenfoque Myofix comprenden una muestra de escolares miopes propensos a la miopía progresiva según su edad media.
Palabras clave: gafas de desenfoque periférico, control de la miopía, diseño novedoso.
Retinosis pigmentaria sine pigmento unilateral
Authors: Wasserlauf Eden Belmont , Varela Fuentes Dolores , Fernández Agustín Ignacio
Published: September 2024

Nuestro objetivo es presentar un caso de retinosis pigmentaria unilateral sine pigmento. Se trata de un paciente de sexo femenino de 41 años de edad que fue evaluada al referir disminución de la agudeza visual de ojo derecho (OD) de 2 años de evolución. Al examen físico, agudeza visual en OD 7/10 mejor corregida y en ojo izquierdo 10/10 sin corrección. A la biomicroscopía, en OD se evidenciaba una catarata subcapsular posterior estrellada y en el fondo de ojos se constató estrechamiento arteriolar, alteración del epitelio pigmentario de la retina y lesiones blanquecinas en región macular que también se encontraban en la periferia retinal. El campo visual computarizado del OD mostró un patrón de contracción, mientras que el electrorretinograma indicó una respuesta subnormal en condiciones escotópicas en el OD. Por otro lado, los estudios realizados en el ojo izquierdo se encontraron dentro de los parámetros de normalidad. En conclusión, la presentación de un caso de retinosis pigmentaria sine pigmento unilateral es extremadamente inusual, lo que nos motivó a estudiar en profundidad este caso.
Colesterosis bulbi
Authors: Quiroga Lurdes C. , Giudici Virna
Published: September 2024

En 1975, Wand y colaboradores explicaron que la colesterosis bulbi era una condición similar pero diferente de la sínquisis centelleante aunque en la práctica clínica actual muchas veces estos términos se utilizan de forma indistinta1. En la imagen que presentamos se observa un ojo con colesterosis bulbi típica. Ésta se refiere a una afección en la que los cristales de colesterol se acumulan en el vítreo y también pueden pasar la cámara anterior del ojo. Se trata de una acumulación que puede producirse como resultado de un traumatismo o de ciertas afecciones oculares subyacentes tales como enfermedad de Coats, retinoblastoma, desprendimiento de retina, vasculopatías retinales, entre otras. En nuestro caso se observa un ojo con hiperemia mixta con depósitos de cristales iridiscentes y móviles en cámara anterior, acompañado de sinequias iridocristalinas. Cuando el paciente llega a este estadio generalmente ya presenta un ojo ciego doloroso secundario a glaucoma, con lo que puede ser necesario un procedimiento quirúrgico para aliviar el dolor, mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, como así también tomar medidas preventivas para el ojo contralateral.
Tinción con azul tripán y sinequiólisis retroiridiana
Authors: Alza Andrés Germán
Published: September 2024

La novedosa técnica de “tinción y sinequiólisis retroiridiana” surge como una alternativa eficaz para superar las dificultades asociadas con la tinción capsular anterior y la sinequiólisis pupilar en pacientes con uveítis crónica, caracterizada por miosis intensa y sinequias posteriores. Esta técnica implica realizar inicialmente una iridectomía periférica mínima para acceder al espacio retroiridiano e inyectar azul tripán para lograr una tinción completa de la cápsula anterior del cristalino. Luego se aplica viscoelástico en la cámara anterior y se lleva a cabo la sinequiólisis mediante una espátula repositora de iris a través del sitio de la iridectomía, lo que contribuye a reducir eficazmente el tiempo quirúrgico. La implementación exitosa de esta técnica ha facilitado el inicio de la cirugía sin complicaciones, demostrando su potencial como una alternativa viable para estos casos desafiantes.
Gambaran Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal Yang Berisiko Penyakit Hipertensi Berdasarkan Klasifikasi World Health Organization
Authors: Gulindari Natalia Gusta , Nurmainah Nurmainah , Susanti Ressi
Published: September 2024

Pengaturan kehamilan dapat dilakukan menggunakan kontrasepsi. Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal seperti pil dan suntik dapat menyebabkan kejadian hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal yang berisiko penyakit hipertensi berdasarkan klasifikasi WHO di Puskesmas Pal III Pontianak. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang (cross sectional). Pengumpulan data menggunakan data rekam medis akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal periode Januari 2020-Desember 2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi adalah 62 akseptor. Pengolahan data menggunakan Microsoft excel. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 20 akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal (32,25%) yang mengalami hipertensi dan 4 akseptor (6,45%) dengan riwayat penyakit hipertensi. Hasil gambaran akseptor kontrasepsi hormonal di Puskesmas Pal III Pontianak yang berisiko penyakit hipertensi menurut klasifikasi WHO berada pada Level A dan Level C. Hasil persentase kejadian hipertensi pada pengguna pil dan suntik adalah sama 50%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat beberapa akseptor dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal masih ditemukan tidak sesuai dengan rekomendasi yang ditetapkan oleh WHO.
Review Article Pengaruh Obat Antituberkulosis Terhadap Perubahan Parameter Farmakokinetik Dan Farmakodinamik Obat Oral Antidiabetes
Authors: Nugraha Putra Oki
Published: September 2024

Rifampisin merupakan salah satu terapi utama untuk pengobatan tuberkulosis. Pasien TB dengan diabetes melitus memiliki angka kesembuhan yang rendah dan angka kegagalan terapi yang tinggi, salah satunya disebabkan oleh adanya interaksi antara obat antituberkulosis dengan obat oral antidiabetes. Rifampisin yang merupakan suatu drug inducer diduga kuat berinteraksi secara signifikan dengan obat oral antidiabetes khususnya golongan sulfonilurea. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengkaji efek rifampisin terhadap perubahan farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik obat antidiabetes, khususnya golongan sulfonilurea dan biguanid. Penelitian ini berjenis review article dengan desain narrative review menggunakan artikel yang terpublikasi terkait interaksi rifampisin dengan obat oral antidiabetes. Rifampisin yang merupakan suatu drug inducer enzim sitokrom P-450 diduga kuat dapat mengubah parameter farmakokinetik dengan menurunkan konsentrasi obat dan mempercepat eliminasi obat antidiabetik oral yang berdampak pada tingkat kontrol gula darah yang buruk yang dapat mengarah pada kegagalan terapi TB. Metformin, yang diduga kuat memiliki manfaat positif pada tatalaksana TB-DM direkomendasikan pada sejumlah penelitian selain memiliki interaksi yang lebih sedikit dengan rifampisin Rifampisin secara signifikan mempengaruhi perubahan parameter farmakokinetik yang dapat mengganggu hasil terapi pada pasien TB-DM yang menggunakan golongan sulfonilurea. Penyesuaian dosis secara individual diperlukan pada pasien TB-DM yang mendapatkan terapi rifampisin dengan glibenklamid dan glipizid serta glimepirid
Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, Diabetes, Interaksi, Rifampisin, Sulfonilurea
A A Literature Review: Barriers Of Pharmaceutical Logistics Management In Hospitals During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahmad Haidar Mushoddaq
Published: September 2024

Pharmaceutical logistics management is very important to maintain the availability of pharmacies, however the covid-19 pandemic hampered the management process. This study identified the process of pharmaceutical logistics management in hospitals during covid-19 pandemic. Used a literature review method, articles were collected from Google Scholat database published from 2020 to 2022. 10 articles were collected, but only 7 of them are discussed because of their relevant topics. Most of articles explained that the barriers found in three out of nine phases in the logistics management cycle. These phases are needs planning, procurement, and storage. Instead of found the barriers in all the phases, every hospital has its own barriers depends on the condition at that moment. The author conclude that the main barrier in the process of pharmaceutical logistics management in hospitals during covid-19 pandemic is the decreasing number of patients. From this barrier has an impact on other losses. Thus, this moment must be an important lesson for managers to manage pharmaceutical logistics in the future.
Pengaruh Edukasi Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Pengobatan Medis Pada Santri Pondok Pesantren Al-Hikmat Dan Nurul Hikmat Pandeglang Banten
Authors: Yusransyah Yusransyah , Lukmanul Hakim Imam , Kholifah Eva
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan santri pondok pesantren Al-Hikmat dan Nurul Hikmat tentang pengobatan medis sebelum dan setelah diberikan edukasi, serta mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian edukasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan pengobatan medis pada santri pondok pesantren Al-Hikmat dan Nurul Hikmat. Manfaat penelitian ini dapat memberikan gambaran melalui data penelitian yang diperoleh tentang pengaruh pemberian edukasi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pengobatan medis pada santri pondok pesantren Al-Hikmat dan Nurul Hikmat. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan santri pondok pesantren Al-Hikmat dan Nurul Hikmat dalam pengobatan medis. Metode penelitian Pre-Experimental Designs dengan teknik pengumpulan data pretest dan posttest pada santri di pondok pesantren Al-Hikmat dan Nurul Hikmat. Data hasil penelitian di analisis menggunakan program SPSS (kolmogorov-smirnov two sample test dan paired samples t-test). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan santri bertambah setelah diberikan edukasi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji statistik t-test berpasangan, yang diperoleh nilai p= 0,000 yang mana nilai tersebut kurang dari 0,05.
Rudimentary phytochemical screening and in vivo exploration of brawny hypoglycemic potency of Aphanamixis Polystachya (Wall.) parker seed extractives
Authors: Snigdha H. M. Shadid Hossain , Haque Ekramul , Islam Tahajul , Mostakim Shadin
Published: September 2024

Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker is a sanative herb with colossal corny convenience. This plant contains a wide range of secondary metabolites, which have been linked to numerous medicinal uses. The current investigation aimed to find the phytochemical components and assess the hypoglycemic impact of n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya seeds. Phytochemical screening was carried out using qualitative analysis. To measure hypoglycemic activity, hyperglycemic lab rats with glucose and STZ were used. All of the extractives contained the phytochemicals flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids. After 30 minutes of administration, the n-hexane extract showed a drop of 41.44% in blood glucose levels, while the chloroform extract exhibited the most significant reduction, 47.76%, at a dose of 150 mg/g BW. The fascinating discovery is that the methanolic extract, which contained carbohydrates absent in the other extracts, resulted in a 14.92% increase in blood glucose levels within 30 minutes of treatment. Organic seed extracts can prevent hyperglycemia, which will be a significant argument in favor of the Aphanamixis polystachya plant's common uses in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. More research is required to determine the exact mechanism of action, pinpoint the active ingredients, and clarify their structures.
Quality evaluation and determination of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, and Pb) in Libyan sidr honey by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Atayalla Khamis
Published: September 2024

This work aimed to evaluate four samples of honey collected from the area extending from the city of Misrata in the east to the city of Tripoli in the west and up to the city of Bani Walid in the south of Libya. Various tests (pH estimation, moisture content estimation, ash content, and electrical conductivity) were applied to confirm the quality of honey samples. The pH values were 4.4 to 5.8, the moisture content was 12% to 17% while the ash content was 0.10% to 0.2%, and the electrical conductivity was 0.32 to 0.50 mS/cm. However, there is a variation in the obtained results due to the difference in the regions. By comparing the obtained results with international standards, all honey samples were found to be acceptable and lower than the maximum level of FAO limits. The concentration of zinc was less than the maximum level of 20 (µg/g) in the Bani Walid and Zliten samples (12.8 and 18.6 µg/g, respectively), while Misrata and Tripoli samples were higher than the WHO limit, with 21.7 for the former and 29.58 for the latter. However, the lead content was slightly higher than the WHO limit of 2 (µg/g) in the Zliten sample with 2.1 (µg/g), while the other three samples were within acceptable limits with 1.15 µg/g for the Bani-Waleed sample, 1.35 µg/g for the Tripoli sample, and 1.49 µg/g for the Misurata sample. Nevertheless, the Misurata sample had the highest iron level with 50 µg/g among the four samples. It was found to be higher than the WHO limit (40 µg/g), while the other three samples were lower than the maximum level with 37 µg/g, 35 and 40 µg/g for Bani-Waleed, Tripoli, and Zliten samples, respectively. Honey can be used as a biosensor of environmental pollution with heavy metals.
Blood Metabolites and Hormonal Profiles in Dairy Cows during Estrus Cycle in Jalalabad Afghanistan
Authors: Kadwal Mohammad Hamid , Rahmani Mohammad Malyar , Memlawal Redwanullah
Published: September 2024

Background: The study was aimed to investigate the productivity and fertility status of the crossbred and Watani (local) cows in Jalalabad and role of blood metabolites in reproductive cyclicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 dairy cows were selected in five zones comprising city, north, west, south and east of Jalalabad. Fifty crossbred cows (French Friesian x Watani) and 50 Watani cows were selected. Blood samples were collected (10 ml) for blood metabolites and hormonal profiles on day 1, 4 and 17th of the estrus cycle and analysed through UV/Vis spectrophotometer and hormonal profiles through ELISA using Humareader. Findings: The concentrate intake in crossbred cows was 2.00 ± 0.20 ranging from 1.63 to 2.42 kg day-1, while in Watani cows the values were 2.20 ± 0.21, 1.80 and 3.30 kg day-1, respectively. The milk production for crossbred cows was 7.64 ± 0.14 ranging from 7.28 to 8.00 kg day-1, while in Watani cows the values were 3.75 ± 0.49, 2.00 and 4.88 kg day-1, respectively. Mucus discharge in crossbred cows was 2.00 ± 0.22 (1.50 to 2.50 scales) against 2.45 ± 0.19 in Watani cows. Standing for mounting in crossbred cows was higher (0.43 ± 0.86) than Watani cows (0.26 ± 0.09; scale 0 to 4), Triglycerides varied from 100.94±2.79 to 117.52±5.77 mg/dl (P=0.024) with significant effect of estrus days but no effect of region. Serum glucose in crossbred cows was 67.18±1.50 mg/dl while in Watani cows, it was 65.20±1.33. Protein was 7.62±0.11 in crossbred cows and 6.99±0.13 g/dl in Watani ones. The respective values for triglycerides were 110.69±3.43 and 104.03±3.40 mg/dl. Progesterone concentrations were 0.581±0.076 ng/ml and 0.569±0.09 ng/ml while LH was 28.41±3.31 and 24.20±2.64 ng/ml in the two breeds. All the blood metabolites and hormonal concentrations were not different among regions, however triglycerides showed a constant increase during the succeeding phases while glucose manifested an opposite pattern during the estrus cycle. The level of glucose in the city animals was higher (69.21±2.37 mg/dl, (P=0.127). Progesterone concentration increased on day 4th and declined on 17th day while LH showed a consistent increase during the period. Conclusion: This study concluded that breeding of the local Watani cows with French Frisian semen resulted in production of crossbred cows. The crossbred cows showed higher concentrations of blood glucose, triglycerides, proteins, progesterone and LH hormones, reflecting higher metabolic activities than the local Watani cows.
Limitations of ocular care facility use amongst fifty period aged as well as greater population inside western Afghanistan. A descriptive research
Authors: Rahimi Ghulam Farooq , Rahimi Ibrarullah , Zahirzai Mohammad Sediqe , Sherzad Abdul Ghafar
Published: September 2024

Background: Visual impairment and blindness from ocular diseases are important public health difficulty in developing countries, including Afghanistan. Evidence recommends that poor uptake of available eye services by potential beneficiaries is a major barrier for achieving a global reception to eye services. This research was performed to observe the limitation to use ocular care facilities between people elderly 50 life-span and greater inside Eye Department of Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital, Nangarhar-Afghanistan. Materials & Methods: The information of this descriptive research was accumulated 794 recently recorded patients who came for receiving ocular care facilities during 1-June-2020 to 20 December- 2020. Information was analyzed with IBM SPSS (version 21). Descriptive statistics of the variables were tabulated in frequency chart with percentile, bivariate analysis of the variables were carried out utilizing chi-square tests, p-value less than 0.05 considered as notable. Findings: Inside the Out Patient Department (OPD), from 800 recently recorded patients, 794 approve (99.3%) and finished meeting following ocular investigation. The ordinary limits  to ocular health facility use were reported at the moment that ‘issue un sensed’ by 77,3%., accompanied by ‘un cash to move’ 12,0%, as well as  ‘no one to help’ 11.2%, ‘this is extremely away’ 2.6%, ‘ this is from Allah,s view’ 0.9%, ‘ no moment for turning to ’ 0.8%, as well as ‘unable move (according  of the other illnesses) 0.6% properly . Conclusion: Major part of the participants have never used the ocular care facilities due to an alert of the issues. In fact, a few preventable deprive of sight ocular illnesses which are persistent in genius and progress extremely unhurriedly without recognizing the issue inside the ocular, leading to absolute vision loss prior to searching for care, for the reason subordinate avoidable measures and society based ocular keeping safe advancement timetable including ocular keeping safe instruction inside the society are approved. Health advancement stages compulsory to incorporate community based health education as well as to observe the ways of making ocular care facilities inexpensive inside rustic area.
Simulation of Diapause Induction in Spider Mites (Tetranychus urticae and T. kanzawai) by Reproducing Field Environments in the Laboratory
Authors: Amini Mohammad Yosof , Daneshyar Jalil Ahmad , Mohammadi Mohammad Mirwais , Memlawal Redwanullah
Published: September 2024

‌Backgroud: Diapause as the basic mechanism, helps insects and mites to synchronize their life cycles with local seasonal changes. Field tests are desirable to determine the timing of diapause accurately, but the environments are variable, making it challenging to validate the reproducibility of results. Materials and Methods: We designed an environmental simulator that reproduces the field variation in the laboratory based on the installation of 20 years of climate data in the Hokkaido region. We computed a regression equation to predict the light intensity and temperature between the laboratory simulator and field data and its accuracy was clearly demonstrated. Findings: Photoperiodic reaction curves of T. urticae and T. kanzawai indicated a generic short-day reaction type with critical photoperiods at 18.0°C of approximately 13.5 h for T. urticae and 12.5 h for T. kanzawai. Diapause of T. urticae and T. kanzawai in the field was induced on 22 and 23 September, respectively, which is close to the dates of diapause induction estimated by using critical photoperiods (19 and 30 September, respectively). Little variation between observed and estimated critical photoperiods of the mentioned species may be due to minor deviations in temperature in the simulator. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the importance of factoring in variable temperatures in the field for accurate prediction of the timing of diapause induction in spider mites. Our experimental system may also be useful in pest mite forecasting by predicting its diapause termination and spring emergence in any geographic area where environmental data are available.
Numerical implementation of solving a boundary value problem with parameter for Fredholm integro-differential equation
Authors: Bakirova Elmira , Iskakova Narkesh , Kadirbayeva Zhazira
Published: September 2024

The boundary value problem with parameter for Fredholm integro-differential equation with degenerate kernel is investigated in this paper. The aim of the paper is to establish the solvability conditions, to construct analytical and numerical solutions of the considered problem. The basis for achieving the goal is the ideas of Dzhumabayev parameterization method, classical numerical methods of solving Cauchy problems and numerical integration techniques.  A problem with parameters is obtained by introducing an additional parameter and a new unknown function. A system of equations with respect to parameters is compiled according to the initial data of the considered  equation and boundary conditions. The unknown function is found as a solution of the Cauchy problem for the ordinary differential equation. The equivalence of the original problem and the problem with parameters, the conditions of unique solvability are established and the formula for finding an analytical solution is obtained. Test examples of finding analytical and approximate solutions of the original problem are given.
Fiqh Teaching Action Among Islamic Educators in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Moksin Siti Astri Hj , Mat Muhammad Zahiri Awang , Bakar Hjh Norwati Hj Abu
Published: September 2024

Effective teaching is often associated with mastery of the content of the lesson and pedagogical skills. Thus, to implement effective teaching, Shulman introduced six-cycle processes of pedagogical reasoning and action that can help teachers organize their teaching. However, this study only focused on teaching action (the instruction process) in the class. Therefore, this study aims to explore the teaching practices of Fiqh teachers in religious schools. The study uses a method of qualitative research, through interviews, observation of teaching, and document analysis, to collect data. The study participants consisted of 10 Fiqh religious teachers who taught Grades IV, V, and VI. Thematic analysis was used in this study for the formation of themes and sub-themes. The results of the study found that there are several important elements for the instruction process in the cycle of pedagogical reasoning and actions in the classroom. The mastery of the teacher's pedagogical content knowledge and its application in the teaching practice in the classrooms has a positive impact on teaching Fiqh in religious schools. As a recommendation, religious teachers need to constantly expand their pedagogical content knowledge from time to time so that they can implement effective teaching.
SUSTAINABILITY DISCLOSURES AND PROFITABILITY OF LISTED OIL AND GAS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: EZUGWU ONODI BENJAMIN , NWOSU STANLEY UZOCHUKWU , OKAFOR VICTOR IKECHUKWU
Published: September 2024

This study examined the effect of pillars of sustainability disclosure on profitability (return on asset) of oil and gas firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were: to examine the effect of social, economic and environmental pillars of sustainability disclosures on return on assets of Oil and Gas firms in Nigeria. The population of the study was made up of all the manufacturing Oil & Gas firms listed in Nigerian Exchange Group, while Con-oil, Forte Oil, Capital Oil, Total Nigeria and MRS oil Nigeria were selected. The statistical tool used was multiple regression analysis, and the findings revealed that social, economic and environmental pillars of sustainability disclosures have no significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA) of Oil and Gas firms in Nigeria. The study recommended that Oil & Gas manufacturing firms should ensure that they report their social, economic and environmental activities in order to enhance their performance level and compete favorably in Oil sector. This will also enable all the stakeholders appreciate firms’ annual report and put reliance on the published financial statements in their investment decisions. When a firm enjoys legitimacy, the performance of the organization will be improved significantly. The study also recommended that there should be standardized Sustainability Index for ranking firms’ reportage in order for the firms to adhere strictly to voluntary and mandatory disclosures.
Elektroniczna dokumentacja medyczna - wybrane aspekty prawne
Authors: Maj Zuzanna
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to discuss selected legal issues related to the keeping, access and sharing of medical records. Attention is paid to a specific form of medical records, namely electronic medical records (EDR). The legal basis and its dynamic changes regarding the introduction of electronic medical records to hospitals and other medical facilities were indicated. The issues of basic differences between traditional medical records and their electronic counterparts, the distinction between electronic medical records and electronic medical records, cases and conditions for preparing documentation in both forms, and specific documents should be prepared in an electronic version for specific reasons. There are also indicated entities with access and appropriate authorizations to electronic medical records. Attention is also paid on the meaning and form of the signature. At the end, the conclusions resulting from the implementation and use of electronic medical documentation are presented.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego we Wrocławiu z dnia 12 lutego 2021 r., I ACa 1233/20
Authors: Krakowiak Marcin , Ślaski Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

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Kilka uwag o odpowiedzialności karnej za nakłanianie lub udzielenie pomocy w przerwaniu ciąży za zgodą kobiety i o aborcji ze wskazań terapeutycznych.
Authors: Plebanek Ewa
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on selected Issues of the  criminal liability for the participation in the abortion on the basis of provisions being in force. Analysis concerns the possibility of punishing for the incitement and  the assistance to terminate pregnancy. The following paper examines the criteria of the act prohibited under Article 152 of the Polish Criminal Code with the blanket clause referring to the Act on Family Planning after the Constitutional Tribunal’s Judgment of 22 October 2020, K 1/20 which judgment eliminated the embryopathological grounds for termination of pregnancy.
Eksperyment medyczny – sytuacja prawna po nowelizacji ustawy lekarskiej
Authors: Konieczniak Przemysław
Published: September 2024

The subject of the arcticle are the changes in the Act of Dec. 5th 1996 on physicians and dentists professions, made by the amendment thereof in July 2020, in the part concerning medical experimentation (Chapter 4 of the Act). The following matters have been discussed and subject to critical scrutiny: extending the scope of the law to include testing of biological samples taken from humans for scientific purposes (including any research outside of biology and medicine), a new legal definition of an experiment participant, formal and factual competences required from the person in charge for an experiment, limitations and prohibitions concerning participation of certain categories of people, the scope of proper information for the participant, the consent of the participant, the exceptional possibility of undertaking an experiment in urgent situations without any consent, i.e. own (participant's), substitute or court consent (Article 25a), prohibition of remunerating participants (but with exceptions), exclusion from experiments of persons being in a „forced” situation (i.e. whose freedom of consent is actually restricted), the rules for treating people in control groups, admissibility of using a placebo in such groups, the obligation to insure participants, the functioning of bioethical committees and finally – new criminal regulations. As for the conclusions: the new provisions appear very imperfect (to say it the moderate way) – they are mostly ill-considered, they lack good rational justification, are technically poorly formulated and potentially harmful for scientific research.
Czy podawanie leków aptecznych z innych państw Unii Europejskiej stanowi przestępstwo wprowadzania do obrotu produktów leczniczych bez pozwolenia? Rozważania na tle art. 124 Prawa farmaceutycznego
Authors: Bobkier Robert
Published: September 2024

Art. 124 of the Pharmaceutical Law penalizes the act of placing a medicinal product on the market without a marketing authorization. On the basis of this provision, consideration should be given to the worrying practice of instituting criminal proceedings by law enforcement agencies against doctors, who administer to patients, pharmaceutical drugs manufactured in other EU countries, than Poland. The subject of the first part of the article is to answer the question whether the administration of medicinal products to patients, as part of the conducted medical practice, constitutes an act of placing on the market at all. For this purpose, the notion of medical services and treatment in terms of Polish law, doctrine and Community regulations was analyzed. Subsequently, the subject of considerations is the characteristic of "placing on the market" under Art. 124 of the Pharmaceutical Law, not defined in this Act. Against the background of the judicial activity of the Supreme Court and common courts, an clearly view can be formulated, that the perpetrator of the act may only be the person who made the first transaction with a medicinal product, transferring its possession for further circulation by physically handing it over to the recipient. This position is also confirmed by other penal provisions of the Pharmaceutical Law, which use additional features of "use" and "sharing" of a medicinal product. Thus, it should be considered that in Art. 124 of the Pharmaceutical Law, the legislator decided to criminalize only the act of placing medicinal products on the market, without providing for a criminal sanction for their use, delivery or making available.
Istota i charakter prawny zasad deontologii zawodowej lekarza
Authors: Ambroziak Julianna
Published: September 2024

Rules of deontology has a special meaning to professions of public trust. This issue was presented in ancient times. Over time deontology becomes relevant also for the medical community. This article explains the meaning of deontology and presents the historical aspect of development of medical ethics. The article refers to the legal nature of ethical rules, especially for medical professions. Moreover, it concerns explanations of differences between rules of law and ethics.
Udoskonalanie człowieka. Uwagi na marginesie przypadku udoskonalonego lekarza
Authors: Holocher Justyna , Kosielińska-Grabowska Urszula
Published: September 2024

The problem of human enhancement technologies (HET) is linked to Transhumanism, a  trend which advocates the improvement of human beings and the possibility of taking control of ever larger areas of human activity. Using enhancers might appear desirable, but permitting (or perhaps making obligatory) the use of enhancers by certain professional groups raises important issues. Medical professionals in particular bear technical, moral and legal responsibilities for the lives and health of other people, and questions relating to the involvement of enhancers on the part of practitioners touch upon a number of concerns. Among them are agreement on the definition of 'enhancement and 'enhancers; the motivations for which a physician has decided to use HET, and not least, the consequences for safeguarding  patient rights. These issues must be decided under the applicable standards and regimes of civil, criminal or professional liability. These regimes do not at present refer directly to the responsibility of an  'enhanced' physician. They propose, however a 'cautious' approach to the problems of the use of enhancers,  indicating that use of  technologies (that are not already specifically prohibited)  might be  permitted where there is no exposure to the possibility of harm or any threat to human life or health. The de lege ferenda  proposal is to introduce legislative changes which would specifically and unequivocally refer to the situations under consideration.
Odpowiedzialność cywilna za szkody wyrządzone w związku z porodem
Authors: Bączyk-Rozwadowska Kinga
Published: September 2024

So called birth-related injuries become nowadays a particular category in the sphere of medical malpractice cases. They may be defined as the bodily (personal) injuries caused to a child (foetus) or/and mother by a doctor or a hospital in connection with the delivery. Birth-related injuries are usually of grave, serious and irreversible nature and, as practice shows, they may result in 100% health disturbance when celebral palsy appears. Consequently, relatively high sums of compensation are awarded to the injured, especially for the non-pecuniary loss. The courts, in order to adjudicate birth-related injuries, require professional knowledge and have to engage medial experts. The lawsuits are thus expensive and usually long. Birth-related injuries may occur, on one hand, as a result of negligence of doctor and other members of medical personnel (including so called medical error committed by a doctor). On the other hand, these injuries may be caused by the organizational fault of a medical health institution (e.g. when the hospital ward does not function properly ant its negligence causes injury to the baby or/and mother). The distinction is important, since the source of damage sustained by a patient determines the basis of civil liability and compensation.
Dopuszczenie na rynek produktów leczniczych w wyroku Trybunału EFTA w sprawie E-16/14 Pharmaq AS przeciwko Intervet International BV
Authors: Łoś Paweł
Published: September 2024

The publication is a commentary on an important judgment of the EFTA Court of April 9, 2015 regarding the scope of marketing authorization for vaccines or medicinal products. The first part presents the most important information and circumstances regarding the case. Later, you can find the questions that the Oslo District Court referred to the EFTA Court in Luxembourg. The following parts contain a detailed analysis of the EFTA Court's judgment and the author's commentary. I am convinced that by reading this article, every person interested in pharmaceutical law or veterinary law will be able to expand their knowledge. The publication may also prompt reflection on what beneficial solutions Polish law could derive from Scandinavian law.
Podstawy odpowiedzialności karnej za zachowania podjęte względem istoty ludzkiej w okresie prenatalnym - wybrane problemy.
Authors: Kościelny Patryk
Published: September 2024

This study aims to outline the issues of the basics of criminal liability for behavior taken towards a human being in the prenatal phase. In particular, an attempt was made to decide whether, on the basis of the current regulations, it is possible to impose criminal liability on the perpetrator for the effect on human life or health, despite the lack of the existence of the subject of executive activity understood in this way at the time of the act undertaken by him. Considerations in this regard were preceded by an analysis of the features of a crime under art. 157a of the Penal Code and the nature of the institutions excluding criminal liability of certain categories of entities. These issues have been the subject of a dispute in the doctrine of criminal law and judicial decisions for many years. At the same time, it is of great practical importance, in particular for determining the scope and degree of repression threatening doctors or pregnant women. In the final part of the article, the de lege ferenda postulates from recent years were critically analyzed.
A Multi-Method Approach to Assess the Adoption of Precision Agriculture Technology in Brazil
Authors: Ivale André Henrique , Nããs Irenilza de Alencar , de Camargo Jani Marcelo
Published: September 2024

Precision Agriculture (PA) application aims to increase crop productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. We analyzed the topics most studied in the advancement of crop production in Brazil by applying the concepts of PA using the systematic literature review (SLR). A multi-method approach combined an SLR applying the PRISMA method and secondary data analysis. We found five clusters of technologies using the PA concept related to hardware development and four clusters related to applying technologies to software development in the PA concept. Most topics focused on using sensors to control water (soil and environment), soil electrical conductivity, and data communication. The focus on sustainability led researchers to reduce chemical products related to fertilizers and pesticides using Variable Rate Fertilizers (VRT) and reducing the environmental loading. According to the research results, it was evident that PA technology might help farmers make more accurate decisions about cultivation, production, harvest, and soil management. The availability of decision support systems powered by big data and artificial intelligence to select the best crop for a given season and soil might assist Brazil's sustainable growth of food production.
Regional Heterogeneity in Livelihood Strategies and Its Implications for Household Welfare: A Panel Data Analysis of Rural Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duc Kien , Nguyen Thai Phan , Nguyen Cong Dinh , Dinh Thi Kim Oanh , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong , Truong Quang Dung
Published: September 2024

This study undertakes a meticulous examination of the Livelihood Strategy Diversity Index (LSDI) and its nuanced implications on household welfare in heterogeneous regions of rural Vietnam. Employing a unique panel dataset derived from the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) spanning from 2010 to 2018, the study employs both Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and instrumental variable (IV) methods to investigate the intricate relationship between LSDI and household welfare, with a specific focus on income and dietary diversity. The empirical findings reveal compelling evidence of pronounced regional heterogeneity, highlighting the distinctive impacts of the LSDI on household welfare across diverse geographical areas. This study underscores the importance of region-specific strategies, advocating for a tailored and diversified approach to agricultural activities aligned with the unique context of each region. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the pivotal role of consolidating small plots as a strategic measure to alleviate agricultural land fragmentation, offering valuable insights into region-specific interventions for the enhancement of household well-being, encompassing both income and nutritional diversity.
Economic Assessment of Small-Scale Mountain Dairy Farms by Using Accounting Data: Evidence from an Italian Case Study
Authors: Staffolani Giacomo , Bentivoglio Deborah , Finco Adele
Published: September 2024

Dairy mountain farms are economically disadvantaged due to small farm sizes and high production costs. This situation was exacerbated firstly by the opening of the market linked to the abolition of milk quotas; secondly by the rising prices due to the energy crisis due to covid 19 and the war in Ukraine. However, these farms are important for the preservation of traditional landscapes, the economy of these areas and the offered ecosystem services, especially when they are managed extensively. The objective of this research is to understand if mountain dairy farms are economically sustainable and competitive through the analysis of a case study. The economic analysis takes into account the production cost of milk, profitability, and some economic indicators using accounting data. The results show that the farm profitability is decreasing, and the costs are unsustainable. As a consequence, more efficient policy support is needed to overcome this crisis.