bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New variants of SARS-CoV-2, vaccine immune response and the Brazilian reality
Authors: Andrade Marileia , Gomes Luiza , Mendes Vitória , Rosa Hellen
Published: December 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a highly pathogenic β-coronavirus, is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which gave rise to a difficult to control pandemic, especially in Brazil. Approximately 4,000 mutations have been identified in SARS-CoV-2, with the majority being redundant without having any biological effect on the virus. The aim of the present study was to objectively understand how new SARS-CoV-2 variants can affect vaccine response, in addition to highlighting the current situation in Brazil in the face of the pandemic and considering epidemiological and immunological aspects of COVID-19. The main protective correlate investigated in most vaccines is the neutralizing antibody titer induced by immunizing agents, observed in the pre-clinical phase in animals, whose action is to block the binding of the spike protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, preventing infection. Up to the second half of 2021, the variants that are of greatest concern worldwide and require molecular surveillance are Alpha variant (or B.1.1.7 lineage), Beta (or B.1.351 lineage), Gamma (or P1 lineage) and Delta (or B.1.617.2 lineage). Brazil finds itself in a highly unfavorable scenario, with the circulation of variants of concern, mainly Gamma and Delta, with high fatality rates for COVID-19 and low vaccination rate. Given the still latent situation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, the lack of global planning for action strategies for non-pharmacological prevention measures, there is an imminent risk of the emergence of new variants due to the finding of susceptible hosts and the high proliferative rate of SARS-CoV-2. It is urgent to increase the genotyping of positive samples isolated from infected individuals, the speed of vaccination of the entire population and the unification of non pharmacological preventive measures throughout the country.
Esophageal ischemia after cardiac arrest
Authors: Díaz Alcázar MM
Published: December 2021

- Caso 1: mujer de 74 años con múltiples factores de riesgo cardiovascular que ingresa para cirugía urgente por isquemia de miembros inferiores. Durante la intervención presenta bradicardia que no responde a atropina ni a adrenalina. Precisa masaje cardíaco por disociación electromecánica. Una semana después se realiza endoscopia alta con hallazgo de mucosa de esófago medio-distal denudada, con lesiones con pérdida de sustancia y sangrado espontáneo al roce del endoscopio.

- Caso 2: mujer de 84 años que ingresa para recambio valvular por estenosis aórtica crítica. Durante el procedimiento presenta inestabilidad hemodinámica que condiciona parada cardiorrespiratoria. Se consigue revertir con maniobras de reanimación. Posteriormente presenta disfagia progresiva, por lo que se realiza endoscopia alta con hallazgo de mucosa esofágica denudada, con nódulos violáceos y ulceración del esófago inferior que estenosa la luz e impide el paso del endoscopio.

La esofagitis necrotizante aguda o esófago negro es una entidad muy poco común. La patogenia es multifactorial, pero el principal determinante es el compromiso isquémico del esófago. Puede complicarse a corto plazo con una perforación o a largo plazo con el desarrollo de estenosis esofágica.
Affordable Housing Reimagined
Authors: Andersen Michael Asgaard
Published: December 2021

This paper explores contemporary affordable housing in Denmark. The aim is to unfold central ideas in some of the most progressive projects that have recently been designed and built. The paper goes into three areas of architecture, namely the social, the formal and the technological. In each area one aspect is analysed and discussed with a point of departure in a specific project: The social in relation to the neighbourly and The Orient by Dorte Mandrup, the formal in relation to the spacious and Dortheavej housing by BIG, and the technological in relation to the rebuildable and Circle House by Fællestegnestuen. The aim is to contribute to the current discourse on affordable housing from a Danish standpoint and in an architectural perspective.
The Potential Contribution of Wood in Green Building Certifications
Authors: Piccardo Chiara , Alam Ashraful , Hughes Mark
Published: December 2021

The building sector has a significant impact on the environment, accounting for 36% of CO2 emissions and about half of material consumption in Europe. Residential buildings dominate the European building stock. In Finland, residential buildings account for up to 80% of the existing buildings and the rate of construction is higher compared to other building types. Therefore, residential buildings play an important role in the transition to a sustainable built environment. A number of studies show that increasing the use of wood can lower the life cycle environmental impacts of buildings. In Scandinavia, the use of wood in small houses is well established, used in 90% of cases. Furthermore, the increasing number of high-rise wooden buildings suggests a growing interest in the potential of wood in large-scale buildings. Green building certification provides criteria to assess the sustainability level of buildings and is expected to influence the building sector in the near future, by promoting the use of sustainable technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate how green building certification schemes assess wood materials and how wood materials can help fulfil sustainability criteria for green buildings. We analyse the sustainability criteria adopted by the most common certification schemes in Finland, BREEAM, LEED and the Nordic Swan Ecolabel, as well as the upcoming Level(s) certification promoted by the European Commission. The analysis shows that the contribution of wood materials to the overall score of green building certifications accounts for between 10 and 36%. Wood is advantageous as a renewable and low-carbon material. Furthermore, wood can offer indirect benefits due to its recycling potential and to water saving in the construction stage. However, wood materials have to comply with some requirements, such as sustainable forest management and low volatile organic compound content. The new European certification suggests a comprehensive assessment including circular material life cycles.
The taxonomy of some unusual Microveliinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from India
Authors: Zettel Herbert , Laciny Alice
Published: December 2021

Two new genera and three new species of Microveliinae are described from India: Thirumalaia ocularis gen. nov. & sp. nov. from Tamil Nadu, Eyarinella robusta gen. nov. & sp. nov. from Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Geovelia fikaceki sp. nov. from Arunachal Pradesh. A male-based key to the genera of Microveliinae of India and a checklist of Indian species are provided. Neoalardus typicus (Distant, 1903) is recorded for the first time from Rajasthan.
Halyomorpha halys fixed as the type species of the genus Halyomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Kment Petr , Salini S. , Redei David , Rider David
Published: December 2021

The genus Halyomorpha Mayr, 1864 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae:
Pentatominae: Cappaeini) was established based on a single species, Halys timorensis Westwood, 1837 (currently a junior subjective synonym of Halyomorpha picus (Fabricius, 1794)). The examination of the voucher specimens identifi ed as Halyomorpha timorensis by Mayr, a syntype of Halys timorensis, and syntypes of Pentatoma halys Stål, 1855 revealed that: i) Halyomorpha timorensis (Westwood), stat. restit., must be reinstated as a valid species, and not considered as a junior subjective synonym of H. picus; ii) Mayr’s specimens belong to two different species, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) and H. picus. The problem of double misidentification of the type species of Halyomorpha is resolved by action of the first revising author(s) according to the Article 70.3 of the ICZN (1999): we fi x here Pentatoma halys Stål, 1855 (= Halys timorensis sensu Mayr, nec Westwood) as the type species of Halyomorpha Mayr, 1864. A list of 36 valid species currently placed in Halyomorpha and their synonyms is compiled. We also issue a warning concerning the use of the citizen science approach for monitoring H. halys in Southeast Asia (which may also apply to other taxa): It is necessary to keep in mind that H. halys belongs to a group of habitually similar species (distributed from
Pakistan and southern China to Indonesia and the Philippines) which cannot be identified with certainty without examination of their male genitalia; records merely based on observations or habitus photographs cannot be accepted as reliable.
Penggunaan molases pada silase kulit pisang nangka (Musa paradisiaca informa typica) terhadap kandungan serat kasar dan protein kasar
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Nurjannah Syifa , Permana Hilman
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research was to determine the used of molases as an additive in making banana jackfruit peel silage on crude fiber and crude protein. This research was conducted in Sirnaraja, Mandalasari village, Cikalongwetan district, West Bandung regency for 21 days, while the sample test carried out Balai Pengujian Mutu dan Keamanan Pakan/Bahan Pakan (BPMKP/BP) at the Cikole-Lembang. The method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with four treatments (P0 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 0% molases), (P1 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 1% molases), (P2 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 3% molases), (P3 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 5% molases) and five replication. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. The result show that the used of molases as an additive was significantly (P<0,05) of crude fiber and crude protein with average 8,79-31,61% and 8,79-9,55%. The used of 3% molases is the most optimal of the decrease crude fiber and increase crude protein.
Lanskap Agrowisata Kopi Sumedang Sebagai Kolaborasi Peningkatan Perkebunan Rakyat Dan Perlindungan Lahan Danau Sunyayuri
Authors: Gemilang Annisa , Nurjanti Huda , Bastaman Firmansam
Published: December 2021

called Kopi Buhun. Buhun Coffee is a type of Arabica coffee which is a single origin "special tea coffee". In developing Buhun coffee,   land is needed that can be planted with coffee. This land is not only a coffee plantation but can become a tourist attraction that can educate, increase recreation and protect the environment besides that it can economically increase the income of residents around agrotourism. In general, the land of Lake Sunyayuri, Cimarias Village, Pamulihan District, Sumedang Regency is an area that has the potential to become a tourist spot with an artificial lake, and a panoramic view of the hills surrounding the lake with a beautiful and calming atmosphere. The productivity of Indonesian coffee is still low compared to the potential that can be increased. The need for plantation land, especially coffee, is still lacking. Utilization of abandoned forest areas in areas with coffee potential can still be carried out, including utilizing the Pamulihan Cekdam area. What is the form of the Sumedang Coffee Agrotourism design in utilizing the existing potential into plantation tourism that provides interesting tourist experiences, recreational facilities, and social interaction as well as coffee education for visitors and the community about how to cultivate coffee from nurseries to products that can be enjoyed and provide a source of income for local communities while preserving the environment?
Hubungan antara Respon Petani pada Kegiatan Pelatihan Usahatani Cabai Paprika (Capsicum Anumm Var.Grossum) dengan Peningkatan Produksi dan Pendapatan
Authors: Edeng Edeng , Azis Apriadi
Published: December 2021

The problem in this study is that the demand for paprika chili continues to increase, along with population growth, nutritional fulfillment, supermarkets, restaurants and export markets. but production so that the level of paprika chili production is still low in Indonesia.

The efforts that have been taken are by forming legal entity farmer groups such as the Golden Gate Agricultural Cooperative  in Cibodas Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency. Koptan G.E Aside from being a provider of saprotan and marketing containers, it is also a vehicle for learning for farmers. Educating member farmers is the main focus of this cooperative work program. The education program held at the G.E Cooperative is in the form of training. To increase the production of paprika chili, the G.E Cooperative held a training on paprika chili farming.

This study aims to determine the relationship between the response of farmers to the training activities of paprika chili farming on the increase and production at the Koperasi Gerbang Emas Cibodas Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency. To achieve this goal, the type of research used is the case study method that takes the sample by means of saturated samples. The number of respondents was 16 paprika chili farmers who were members of the Gerbang Emas Cooperative who participated in the training of paprika chili farming in 2016.

The conclusions from the research are:

The application of cultivation techniques to the training of paprika chili farming at the Gerbang Emas Cooperative includes a good category with a cumulative score of 380 (87.96% of expectations).

Increased production and income of farmers from GE Koptan members after applying the technical training included in the good category with a cumulative reality score of 262 (77.97% of reality).

From the calculation results obtained rscount for 0.64 while rstable for N = 16 and α = 5% or 0.05 for the two-party test get 0.49. This means rscount > rstable or 0.64> 0.49. This means that Ho is rejected, thus there is a significant relationship between the response of farmers to training in paprika chili farming on increasing production and income .
IDENTIFIKASI KARAKTERISTIK KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUH DI BANTARAN SUNGAI KRUENG DAROY
Authors: Farisa Sabila  , Irin Caisarina  , Afifa Salsabila
Published: December 2021

Pesatnya perkembangan pembangunan kota memicu terjadinya kelangkaan lahan akan tempat tinggal bagi masyarakat. Ketidakmampuan akan penyediaan lahan-lahan permukiman baru juga memicu berkembangnya kawasan-kawasan permukiman yang tidak sesuai dengan peruntukan lahannya. Adapun salah satu contoh yang lazim ditemukan dari fenomena perubahan guna lahan ialah tumbuhnya permukiman kumuh di sempadan sungai. Kawasan bantaran sungai Krueng Daroy, Kecamatan Darul Imarah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar mengalami permasalahan terkait ketidaksesuaian penggunaan lahan berupa berkembangnya permukiman kumuh di bantaran sungai sejak tahun 1989 hingga saat ini. Hal yang sangat mengkhawatirkan adalah kawasan ini merupakan kawasan yang mengalami kerentanan akibat ancaman banjir sepanjang tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik permukiman kumuh di bantaran Sungai Krueng Daroy melalui identifikasi terhadap pola perkembangan spasial kawasan permukiman kumuh dan aspek fisik dan non fisik yang membentuk kawasan kumuh di bantaran Sungai tersebut serta menelusuri faktor pemicu berkembangnya permukiman kumuh di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif untuk menemukan karakteristik serta faktor yang mendasari terbentuknya permukiman kumuh melalui observasi dan kuisioner terhadap persepektif masyarakat terkait permukiman kumuh. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola penggunaan lahan eksisting yang berada di kawasan sempadan sungai Krueng Daroy didominasi aktivitas permukiman dengan kondisi permukiman yang tidak sesuai dengan standar rumah layak huni. Adapun faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya kawasan kumuh di Krueng Daroy adalah faktor demografi, sosial ekonomi, akses terhadap fasilitas publik, preferensi, regulasi, sosialiasi serta partisipasi masyarakat dalam menyusun arahan rencana tata ruang. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini akan membuka gagasan bagi studi lanjutan untuk memberikan rekomendasi terkait penyelesaian permasalahan kumuh di kawasan Krueng Daroy agar kawasan sungai tetap terjaga serta membuka opsi kepada masyarakat agar dapat hidup dengan layak pada area permukiman yang direkomendasikan nantinya.
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Dampak Limbah Tahu di Sekitar Sungai
Authors: Shaskia Nina , Yunita Irda
Published: December 2021

The tofu processing sector is quickly expanding in tandem with the popularity of tofu meals among Indonesians. Unfortunately, the tofu industri's rapid growth has not been matched by effective waste management, and as a result, many businesses continue to dump liquid waste directly into rivers without treatment. In the Krueng Daroy and Krueng Doy River sections of Banda Aceh, there are three tofu factories that directly dump liquid waste into the river and have the potential to damage the river. As a result, the goal of this study is to examine the public's perception of tofu waste's influence on the river ecosystem and to assess public comprehension of tofu waste's impact on the environment. The descriptive analysis method was used in this study. Questionnaires, observations, and interviews were used to gather information. After that, the data was descriptively processed and weighted. The findings are divided into three categories: public perception of aesthetics, public perception of smell, and public perception of the environmental impact of tofu waste. More than 90% of the respondents thought that tofu waste had a negative impact on the environment's aesthetics and produced stink. The public's impression of tofu waste in the river environment is 78.56 percent, which means that more than 75 percent of respondents believe tofu waste has an environmental impact. It is included in the "disturbing" category based on the average attitude rating of 785.6. This demonstrates that tofu waste has a detrimental environmental impact. As a result, business actors must get a better understanding of the impact of tofu waste on the environment, as well as the efforts that must be done to reduce that impact, such as constructing an appropriate Waste Treatment Plant (IPAL) or repurposing tofu liquid waste for other purposes.
Kajian Ulang Perencanaan Geometrik Simpang Simpang Tak Bersinyal Berdasarkan Highway Capacity Manual
Authors: Tripoli Bambang , Febrianti Dian , Mawardi Edi , Zulyaden Zulyaden , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: December 2021

Simpang Empat Jeuram Nagan Raya is often mentioned by local people as “Simpang Peut” is the main route of the city's arterial road serving traffic movement between districts or between provinces, which is located in Kuala District, Nagan Raya Regency. The intersection has four arms, serving the flow of 4 lanes of the main road with a median and 2 lanes of minor roads connecting the route for offices, residential residents, trade and as a route to the city center. The problem that is raised and also the purpose of research is how the performance of the intersection to traffic volume occurs in the four arms and distinguishes the difference between the current calculation and previous research. The limitations of the discussion are the research location at Simpang Empat Jeuram, the performance of the intersection based on the 1993 HCM method, side barriers and not predicting previous research. Based on the results, the current volume is 3,310 pcu/hour with a composition of 2,789 pcu/hour. The capacity of 4,009 pcu/hour is above the existing volume which is categorized as not jammed or not saturated. Side barriers 1,328 events are categorized as commercial areas and roadside market activity is very high. The degree of saturation is 0.70 < DS (DS < 0.80 - 0.90) with an average delay of 7.95 seconds/pcu and a queue length of 40% - 20% with a service level D where the current is unstable and sometimes has to slow down the speed of 43 km/hour. Previous research has shown significant results, because the increase in vehicles has continued to increase by 75% in the last 3 years.
Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar di Daerah Terpencil
Authors: Ana Merdekawati
Published: December 2021

Menjadi seorang guru di daerah terpencil tidak semudah yang dibayangkan. Memerlukan tekad dan  semagat yang besar serta motivasi yang tinggi karena kondisi dearah terpencil sangat jauh berbeda dibandingkan dengan kota baik dari segi infrastruktur, sarana prasarana, media pembelajaran serta fasilitas pendukung lainnya. Namun bagi guru yang memiliki motivasi dan keyakinan yang tinggi akan kemamapuan dirinya, hal tersebut justru menjadi tantangan yang memacu dirinya untuk terus bekerja keras menjalankan tugasnya mencerdaskan anak bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh motivasi dan efikasi diri terhadap kinerja guru sekolah dasar di daerah terpencil. Responden penelitian adalah guru SD yang tersebar pada tujuh SD di Kecamatan Orong Telu Kabupaten Sumbawa. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan kuisioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan antara motivasi dan efikasi diri  terhadap kinerja guru SD di daerah terpencil. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik diketahui nilai Fhitung = 50,508 dimana Ftabel = 3,12 sehingga F hitung > F tabel dengan signifikansi p = 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti motivasi dan efikasi diri secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru. Dengan demikian maka, hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan diterima.
The legal culture of youth in Ukraine
Authors: UHANOVA N.
Published: December 2021

About current state of the legal culture of Ukrainian youth, especially in the context of the established ideas about the critical state of legal awareness of the younger generation.
Análisis de los canales de comercialización del brócoli en Ecuador
Authors: Vélez Duque Pedro Iván , Álava Murillo Antonio
Published: December 2021

El cultivo del brócoli es un producto que dinamiza la economía del país generando empleo, principalmente, en las provincias productoras de esta hortaliza como: Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Tungurahua, Imbabura y Pichincha. En estos lugares, en los últimos años, se ha venido incrementando las superficies de siembra, debido al aumento de la demanda en los mercados nacionales e internacionales. ¿Cómo analizar los canales de comercialización de brócoli en Ecuador? El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los canales de comercialización de brócoli en Ecuador, mediante el uso de fuentes bibliográficas. La investigación fue de tipo documental ya que se emplean libros, revistas científicas e informes sobre la producción y comercialización del brócoli en Ecuador, se utiliza los métodos inductivo, deductivo y analítico. Existe una creciente demanda de esta hortaliza en los mercados nacionales e internacionales, los principales destinos son los mercados de la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos, Japón, Canadá. Entre los híbridos y variedades que predominan están Avenger, Domador, Legacy y Marathon, debido principalmente a las condiciones de adaptabilidad a los factores climáticos y a su nivel de producción. Los competidores más fuertes para el país son: La Unión Europea, China, México. Los canales de comercialización de esta hortaliza están conformados por los pequeños y medianos productores, los intermediarios son las empresas procesadoras que son quienes exportan el producto hacia los diferentes destinos.
Estudio socioeconómico de los productores de banano orgánico, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador
Authors: Álava Murillo Antonio Gonzalo , Reyes Bermeo Mariana del Rocío , Tapia Bolaño Renny José
Published: December 2021

La producción de banano (Musa paradisiaca L.) es considerada una de las actividades agrícolas de mayor importancia económica del Ecuador, pues este sector representa una importante fuente de generación de empleo en el país. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue identificar los factores socioeconómicos y tecnológicos que potencian y limitan la situación actual de los pequeños productores de banano orgánico del cantón Milagro, provincia del Guayas-Ecuador. Esta investigación de tipo descriptiva consistió en la recolección, la descripción, el registro, el análisis y la interpretación de información destinada a caracterizar la situación actual de los productores de banano orgánico en el mencionado sector. Los productores que conformaron la muestra de estudio tienen un promedio de edad de 55 años. La mayor parte de los agricultores señalan que sus ingresos provienen de la actividad bananera, y que su producción se encuentra entre 151 a 200 cajas mensuales. Entre los factores que más inciden en los costos de producción están la mano de obra, los insumos y el proceso logístico. La mayoría se financia con recursos propios. Los productores que forman parte de esta muestra poseen cultivos de 1.5 a 5 hectárea de banano de la variedad Cavendish. Para realizar las labores de mantenimiento del cultivo, cosecha y empaque utilizan mano de obra contratada y familiar.
Propuesta de mujeres campesinas para los agronegocios lácteos en Bolívar-Ecuador
Authors: Analuisa Aroca Iván Alberto
Published: December 2021

La propuesta de crear una quesera en el sector rural del cantón Guaranda, en la provincia de Bolívar-Ecuador, tuvo como objetivo diseñar un modelo de agronegocios para las mujeres campesinas de dicho sector. Esta iniciativa se realizó con la intención de fortalecer la cadena de valor de la leche y generar así confianza en las mujeres campesinas del cantón, y, al mismo tiempo, reactivar su economía. En el desarrollo de esta propuesta, se realizaron encuestas para levantar información orientada a conocer las necesidades de la población, y, con ello, generar información base que permita identificar la oferta y demanda de productos agrícolas. Además, se organizaron encuentros con dirigentes y mujeres campesinas con miras a la implementación de una organización empresarial. En base a los resultados obtenidos, se determinó la existencia de una demanda insatisfecha de queso en el mercado y se conformaron aglomerados para determinar las variables significativas del estudio de mercado. Los resultados de la investigación también permitieron plantear una propuesta de producción de 200 kilos de queso/día de diferentes tipos, como mozzarella y andino. El modelo de agronegocios propuesto, según la evaluación financiera que se realizó, tiene una alta rentabilidad para los inversionistas y un alto impacto social en la economía rural. Cabe enfatizar que la mujer campesina ha sido considerada como el componente principal del entorno empresarial de este proyecto, pues constituye un actor clave de las actividades primarias y productivas de la economía familiar del sector rural de este cantón.
El rol de las mujeres en la bioeconomía: El caso del vainillo
Authors: Castro Quezada Luz María , Encalada Jumbo Diana
Published: December 2021

La bioeconomía se está posicionando como una opción viable para la gestión sostenible de los recursos naturales en el Ecuador. Las alternativas que promueve el Estado y otros organismos requieren considerar el rol de las mujeres como usuarias primordiales del bosque. Con la finalidad analizar la relación mujer- bosque, se estudió el caso de la Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze conocida como “vainillo”, que es una especie nativa de los Andes con gran potencial en las industrias textil y alimenticia. Para conocer las características de los recolectores de vainillo, se aplicó una encuesta a 125 familias en la provincia de Loja. Según los resultados obtenidos, quienes se dedican a esta actividad son en su mayoría mujeres y personas mayores. La recolección se realiza entre mayo y noviembre, período que coincide con la estación seca y que se caracteriza por la migración masculina. Esta actividad genera en promedio USD 100 dólares al año, que complementa los ingresos por agricultura. El 95% de recolectores depende de los bosques naturales, por lo que el cuidado y acceso a este recurso es esencial. Las iniciativas para promover la producción del vainillo deben aplicar estrategias con enfoque de género, para empoderar a las recolectoras en emprendimientos.
Contribución de la formación universitaria para desarrollo del emprendimiento
Authors: Navarro Garay Angela Edda Lizts , Paredes Romero Katterin , Romero María Cristina , Vázquez Noguera Silvia
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se analizaron las perspectivas que tienen los estudiantes universitarios acerca de la contribución que otorga la formación académica en el desarrollo del emprendimiento. Esta investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo, que permitió diseñar una encuesta dirigida a estudiantes del área empresarial provenientes de las principales universidades de Paraguay. Para el análisis de los datos obtenidos se empleó la estadística descriptiva. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los estudiantes universitarios se reconocen como emprendedores, incluso, entre ellos, hay quienes ya poseen un negocio en marcha mientras que otros manifiestan estar interesados en hacerlo al culminar su formación universitaria. La motivación principal que estimula entre los estudiantes encuestados el inicio de un emprendimiento guarda relación con su deseo de obtener ingresos o incrementar los ingresos que ya poseen. Otra de las motivaciones identificadas se relaciona con el autoempleo, es decir, con la aspiración de los jóvenes universitarios a alcanzar la independencia personal. La formación universitaria contribuye a desarrollar soluciones innovadoras para los problemas del entorno, a conocer las características del mercado, a identificar las oportunidades de negocio y a saberlas gestionar en torno a la formación de emprendimientos. Como resultado de esta investigación también se pudo constatar que los estudiantes identifican que las universidades no cuentan con una formación encaminada a tolerar el fracaso y tampoco con programas o iniciativas que financien los proyectos concebidos dentro las aulas universitarias, por lo que la formación de docentes expertos en emprendimiento debería ser un requisito en las universidades de Paraguay
Разработка математического описания электродиализа
Authors: Равичев Леонид , Ильина Светлана
Published: December 2021

В работе рассмотрен процесс электродиализного разделения как один из методов решения проблем энерго- и ресурсосбережения. Отмечено, что одним из факторов, ограничивающих применение электродиализа, является отсутствие математического описания, что в свою очередь приводит к сложности в планировании проведения процесса. Предложено использовать подход к математическому описанию, основанный на критериальных уравнениях. С этой целью рассмотрены процессы, протекающие при электродиализном разделении, определены их движущие силы. Показано, что если процессы, движущей силой которых является разность концентраций, могут быть описаны с помощью критериев диффузионного подобия, то процессы, протекающие под действием разности потенциалов, могут описываться критериями электрического подобия. Проведен анализ возможности существования таких критериев. Отмечено, что заряд является видом субстанции, и таким образом его перенос может быть описан уравнением переноса субстанции. На основании уравнения переноса заряда можно получить критерии электрического подобия, которые в дальнейшем будут являться определяющими в критериальных уравнениях электро-массообменных процессов, к которым, в частности, относится электродиализ.
The Anamorphosis of Struggle, Confrontation, and Ideological Imagination in Tayeb Salih’s Season of Migration to the North (1966)
Authors: Diallo Souleymane
Published: December 2021

The transmedia narrative of the scope of Season of Migration to The North, emphasizes substantial composite creations where specific characters and idiosyncratic plot lines imply a neo-perception method and a post-conception model within the dimensionality of understanding becomes a generative system and a transformative experience. In this run, the anamorphic format of imagination and intellection inside the indigenized process of encoding, designs a new method of normative functionalism, an original attitude of discernments and a prima materia empirical perceptive consignment. Therefore, through a relational value of model and an aesthetic realism, Salih defines an innovative interactive and immersive reality within an analytic functionalism and a psycho-functionalist view in the perspective to transcend the Islamist conservative approach of formal concept analysis and then to deconstruct the Western absorption of temporal concept analysis. It is within this respect, the principle of this paper appears to be a social deconstructionism, a modality and property differentiation concerning the status quo of the Be-ing, and a transformative reform about anthropological prerequisites and requests. In this respect, the realm of functionalism, functional linguistic and aesthetic realism involve this Salih’s object argument in a transgressive object relation.
Cabbage Commodity Agribusiness Management
Authors: Phrommany Tonkham , Philavong Jessica
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to assess and evaluate the performance of the agribusiness system in relation to the Cabbage crop. The Agribusiness System is comprised of four (four) components: In the first place, there is the upstream agricultural industry. The marketing system that has been established is an ordinary marketing system, meaning that it provides complete autonomy to every marketing agency and producer farmer in the conduct of their individual enterprises. Supply networks for cabbage in general tend to be driven by the dynamics of supply and demand in the market, and are still predominated by conventional supply chains whose primary outlets are traditional marketplaces
ระบบควบคุมความเร็วสำหรับเครื่องค้นหมี่เส้นไหม
Authors: วิบูลเจริญ วิชชุพงษ์ , สุกนวล ธนาฒน์ , คัมภีร์ภัทร ศรันย์ , ธรรมมา ไมตรี
Published: December 2021

บทความนี้นำเสนอการออกแบบระบบควบคุมความเร็วสำหรับเครื่องค้นหมี่เส้นไหมด้วยระบบควบคุมแบบปิด เพื่อปรับปรุงผลตอบสนองของระบบให้มีเสถียรภาพ รวมทั้งกำจัดค่าผิดพลาดที่เกิดจากระบบควบคุมแบบเปิดในการควบคุมความเร็วของมอเตอร์ไฟฟ้ากระแสตรง เพื่อช่วยอำนวยความสะดวกแก่ผู้ใช้งานเครื่องค้นหมี่เส้นไหมแบบดั้งเดิมในการทอผ้าไหมด้วยมือ ระบบควบคุมความเร็วสำหรับเครื่องค้นหมี่ประกอบไปด้วยชุดขับมอเตอร์ไฟฟ้ากระแสตรง ชุดขับสเต็ปปิ้งมอเตอร์สำหรับแกนเลื่อนเส้นไหม และชุดขับเคลื่อนแกนค้นหมี่ โดยใช้เอ็นโค้ดเดอร์เป็นตัวตรวจจับความเร็วของมอเตอร์ไฟฟ้ากระแสตรง  และใช้ไมโครคอนโทรลเลอร์ 32 บิต ตระกูล STM32 เป็นตัวควบคุม เขียนโปรแกรมควบคุมโดยใช้  Matlab/Simulink แสดงผลแบบเวลาจริง  จากผลการทดลองพบว่าการออกแบบตัวควบคุมแบบพีไอสามารถควบคุมความเร็วของเครื่องค้นหมี่เส้นไหมได้ตามความต้องการ
Modeling HMM Map Matching Using Multi-label Classification
Authors: Sinsongsuk Atichart , Boonchoo Thapana , Putthividhya Wanida
Published: December 2021

Map matching deals with matching GPS coordinates to corresponding points or segments on a road network map. The work has various applications in both vehicle navigating and tracking domains. Traditional rule-based approach for solving the Map matching problem yielded great matching results. However, its performance depends on the underlying algorithm and Mathematical/Statistical models employed in the approach. For example, HMM Map Matching yielded O(N2) time complexity, where N is the number of states in the underlying Hidden Markov Model. Map matching techniques with large order of time complexity are impractical for providing services, especially within time-sensitive applications. This is due to their slow responsiveness and the critical amount of computing power required to obtain the results. This paper proposed a novel data-driven approach for projecting GPS trajectory onto a road network. We constructed a supervised-learning classifier using the Multi-Label Classification (MLC) technique and HMM Map Matching results. Analytically, our approach yields O(N) time complexity, suggesting that the approach has a better running performance when applied to the Map matching-based applications in which the response time is the major concern. In addition, our experimental results indicated that we could achieve Jaccard Similarity index of 0.30 and Overlap Coefficient of 0.70.
Optimized operation of regional reserve forces in a changing future security environment
Authors: Yang Seungbong
Published: December 2021

The Republic of Korea Reserve Forces (ROKRF), established in 1968, continue to function through continuous changes such as improving laws and systems and optimizing organizations while complying with social and policy changes. However, the reduction of standing forces, changes in the operating environment, and the reduction of reserve forces required to carry out operations require the re-establishment of the concept of operation of regional reserve forces. In this study, we aimed to diagnose the phenomenon of regional reserve groups and derive an optimized operation plan for regional reserve groups in consideration of changes in the future security environment, operation support system, and law and order system. The operating system presented the mission of establishing local reserve forces suitable for the operating environment, organization, and organization maintenance for the future as well as maintenance and development of combat power through education and training. Finally, in the law and order system section, a plan to revise laws was proposed in consideration of the task of operating and constructing regional reserve forces and re-establishing them.
Memahami Identitas : Studi Kasus Identitas Agama Orang Baduy di Kabupaten Lebak (Analisis Politik Praktis Terhadap Identitas Suku Baduy)
Authors: Irawan Peri , Lessy Shidna Aisya
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Baduy community's adherence to pikukuh karuhun (customary rules), especially the inner Baduy in Lebak Regency, Banten Province, uses a representation system, which is represented by Puun (customary leader). Representative democracy is based on the results of a predetermined deliberation. The Baduy do not have close ties to political parties and other public officials. The Baduy community prioritizes and attaches importance to pikukuh karuhun and tribal unity so that there are no divisions caused by political interests. The Baduy do not refuse democracy, but there are only limits with pikukuh karuhun that cannot be violated and must be preserved. This study aims to understand the reality that occurs to the Baduy community in the election process starting from voting activities, the adaptation process which is very different from the Baduy tribe, an understanding of the rights and obligations in elections and the differences in structure and reality from outside the Baduy tribe. Keywords: subcultural society, phenomenology, political reality. AbstrakKetaatan masyarakat Baduy terhadap pikukuh karuhun (aturan adat) terutama Baduy dalam di Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten yang menggunakan sistem keterwakilan, yang diwakili oleh Puun (Pimpinan adat). Demokrasi keterwakilan tersebut berdasarkan hasil musyawarah yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Suku Baduy tidak memiliki kedekatan dengan partai politik dan pejabat publik lainnya. Masyarakat Baduy lebih mengedepankan dan mementingkan pikukuh karuhun dan persatuan suku agar tidak terjadi perpecahan yang diakibatkan kerana kepentingan politik. Suku Baduy tidak menolak untuk berdemokrasi, namun saja hanya terdapat batasan dengan pikukuh karuhun yang tidak boleh dilanggar dan harus tetap dilestarikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami realitas yang terjadi terhadap masyarakat Baduy dalam proses pemilu mulai dari kegiatan pencoblosan, proses adaptasi yang sangat berbeda dengan suku Baduy, pemahaman tentang hak dan kewajiban dalam pemilu dan perbedaan struktur dan realitas dari luar suku Baduy. Kata kunci : masyarakat subkultural, fenomenologi, realitas politik.
Methods of optimisation in machine design
Authors: Muzafarov E. R.
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to the problem of optimal machine design selection by developing and solving the problem of multi-criteria optimisation, using the method suggesting a unified criterion with the use of weighting factors based on expert estimates. Based on the example of the design of a multi-purpose machine for service electric transport, a mathematical model of parametric optimisation of the design of electric and combined propulsion plants is developed. The most efficient system components are selected to meet the customer's requirements.
Elbrus OS Virtualization
Authors: Rybakov S. A.
Published: December 2021

A milestone on the way towards high-performance and secure virtualization systems is the implementation of hardware support for this technology in microprocessors. The article provides an overview of the virtualization methods adapted for the Elbrus architecture, taking into account the hardware support implemented in the next generation Elbrus-16S microprocessors.
Azygosporus gen. nov., a synapmorphic clade in the family Ancylistaceae
Authors: Cai Yue , Nie Yong , Zhao Heng , Wang ZiMin , Zhou ZhengYu , Liu XiaoYong , Huang Bo
Published: December 2021

The fungal genus Conidiobolus sensu lato was delimited into four genera based on morphology and phylogeny. However, the taxonomic placement of C. parvus has not been determined until now. Here, we show that C. parvus belongs to a distinct lineage based on mitochondrial (mtSSU) and nuclear (TEF1 and nrLSU) phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses further revealed a new species as sister to C. parvus. We identified a synapomorphy uniting these lineages (azygospore production) that was not observed in other allied genera of the family Ancylistaceae, and erected a new genus Azygosporusgen. nov. for this monophyletic group, with a new combination, A. parvuscomb. nov. as the type species. Within Azygosporus, the novel species A. macropapillatussp. nov. was introduced from China based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence, which is characterized by its prominent basal papilla, in comparison to other closely related species, measuring 7.5–10.0×5.0–10.0 µm. Our study resolved the phylogenetic placement of C. parvus and improved the taxonomic system of the Ancylistaceae family.
Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER)
Authors: Datry Thibault , Allen Daniel , Argelich Roger , Barquin Jose , Bonada Nuria , Boulton Andrew , Branger Flora , Cai Yongjiu , Cañedo-Argüelles Miguel , Cid Núria , Csabai Zoltán , Dallimer Martin , de Araújo José Carlos , Declerck Steven , Dekker Thijs , Döll Petra , Encalada Andrea , Forcellini Maxence , Foulquier Arnaud , Heino Jani , Jabot Franck , Keszler Patrícia , Kopperoinen Leena , Kralisch Sven , Künne Annika , Lamouroux Nicolas , Lauvernet Claire , Lehtoranta Virpi , Loskotová Barbora , Marcé Rafael , Martin Ortega Julia , Matauschek Christine , Miliša Marko , Mogyorósi Szilárd , Moya Nabor , Müller Schmied Hannes , Munné Antoni , Munoz François , Mykrä Heikki , Pal Irina , Paloniemi Riikka , Pařil Petr , Pengal Polona , Pernecker Bálint , Polášek Marek , Rezende Carla , Sabater Sergi , Sarremejane Romain , Schmidt Guido , Senerpont Domis Lisette , Singer Gabriel , Suárez Esteban , Talluto Matthew , Teurlincx Sven , Trautmann Tim , Truchy Amélie , Tyllianakis Emmanouil , Väisänen Sari , Varumo Liisa , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Vilmi Annika , Vinyoles Dolors
Published: December 2021

River networks are among Earth’s most threatened hot-spots of biodiversity and provide key ecosystem services (e.g., supply drinking water and food, climate regulation) essential to sustaining human well-being. Climate change and increased human water use are causing more rivers and streams to dry, with devastating impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Currently, more than a half of the global river networks consist of drying channels, and these are expanding dramatically. However, drying river networks (DRNs) have received little attention from scientists and policy makers, and the public is unaware of their importance. Consequently, there is no effective integrated biodiversity conservation or ecosystem management strategy of DRNs.

A multidisciplinary team of 25 experts from 11 countries in Europe, South America, China and the USA will build on EU efforts to assess the cascading effects of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystem functions and ecosystem services of DRNs through changes in flow regimes and water use. DRYvER (DRYing riVER networks) will gather and upscale empirical and modelling data from nine focal DRNs (case studies) in Europe (EU) and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) to develop a meta-system framework applicable to Europe and worldwide. It will also generate crucial knowledge-based strategies, tools and guidelines for economically-efficient adaptive management of DRNs. Working closely with stakeholders and end-users, DRYvER will co-develop strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts in DRNs, integrating hydrological, ecological (including nature-based solutions), socio-economic and policy perspectives. The end results of DRYvER will contribute to reaching the objectives of the Paris Agreement and placing Europe at the forefront of research on climate change.
The first record of Boloria frigga (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on Kolguev Island, Arctic Russia
Authors: Potapov Grigory S. , Spitsyna Elizaveta A. , Spitsyn Vitaly M.
Published: December 2021

A new record of Boloria frigga from the Arctic islands of European Russia is given. Image of a captured specimen, as well as brief considerations on the species habitat, are provided.

 
New faunistic data on the family Capniidae (Plecoptera) from the Carpathians (Romania and Ukraine)
Authors: Dénes Anna , Murányi Dávid , Soós Ádám , Szőcs Emőke , Keresztes Lujza
Published: December 2021

Zwicknia acuta is reported for the first time from the South-Eastern Carpathians (Romania and Ukraine). Additionally, another stonefly species, Zwicknia kovacsi, previously described from Romania, is added to the Plecoptera fauna of Ukraine. New faunistic data are presented for two other winter-active species, Capnia vidua rilensis and Zwicknia bifrons. Based on a combination of personal and literature data we present a checklist of Capniidae from Romania and provide a key for them.
Redescription of Apseudopsis arguinensis (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from the Coast of Mauritania
Authors: Bâlcu Maxim-Jean
Published: December 2021

In addition to those described by Guţu (2002), the female with eggs of the species Apseudopsis arguinensis is redescribed in detail. Also, some remarks on male morphology are presented.

 
The  second record of Platyscelio (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in South America
Authors: Talamas Elijah , Popovici Ovidiu Alin
Published: December 2021

The presence of Platyscelio (Platygastroidea, Scelionidae) in the Neotropical region is confirmed. After a recent record from French Guiana, a second specimen of Platyscelio was found in samples from the Republic of Suriname, being a new record for the fauna of this country.

 