bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por que precisamos da diferenciação pedagógica? Ensaio sobre a individualização e seus paradoxos
Authors: Silva Roberto Rafael Dias da , Scherer Renata Porcher
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O presente ensaio busca problematizar a questão “Por que precisamos da diferenciação pedagógica?”, considerando o debate educacional estabelecido no decorrer do século XX acerca da individualização. Alvo de críticas bastante severas, assim como bandeira de luta de movimentos que apregoam a inovação pedagógica, o conceito de individualização carece de uma reflexão interdisciplinar que efetivamente o mantenha no campo da controvérsia. Ao longo do ensaio, defende-se que a ênfase exclusiva na sociedade pode se converter em violência (na forma dos variados totalitarismos engendrados no século XX), ao mesmo tempo que a ênfase exclusiva no indivíduo, além de pedagogicamente irresponsável, bloqueia as possibilidades de diálogo, a convivência democrática e a constituição de uma pauta formativa comum.
Parasitological and histological aspects of Holochilus sciureus naturally infected by Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Silva-Souza Nêuton da , Silva Ana Patrícia de Carvalho da , Oliveira Renata Mondego de , Lira Maria Gabriela Sampaio , Nogueira Ranielly Araújo , Penha-Silva Tatiane Aranha da , Melo Solange de Araújo , Andrade Fábio Henrique Evangelista de , Santos-Ribeiro Larissa Sarmento dos , Carvalho Neta Alcina Vieira de , Abreu-Silva Ana Lucia
Published: October 2019

Abstract Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, being common in the state of Maranhão. A total of 225 rodents of the Holochilus sciureus species from the Western Lowland Maranhão were studied, of which 144 animals (64%) exhibited Schistosoma eggs in their feces samples. Macroscopic lesions characterized as well-defined whitish areas on the liver and spleen surfaces were observed. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal granulomas in the esophagus, liver, spleen, pancreas and duodenum, with structures compatible with Schistosoma mansoni eggs, as well as severe hepatic micro-vacuolar degeneration, multifocal and coalescent, with proliferation of random bile ducts and associated epithelial hyperplasia to areas of fibrosis. Adult forms of the parasite were observed in the blood vessels of the portal space. The lungs exhibited moderate and diffuse interstitial pneumonia with intralesional S. mansoni eggs. In the kidneys, hyaline cylinders were observed in the pelvis and diffuse hemorrhage. In conclusion, H. sciureus displays a pathological picture similar to human being. This rodent plays a role as sentinel in Baixada Maranhense.
De geloof en theocratie bij C.W.H. van der Post in Piet Uijs of Lijden en Strijd der Voortrekkers in Natal
Authors: Zuiddam B
Published: October 2019

Christiaan Willem Hendrik van der Post (1856-1914) was 'n veelsydige skrywer wie se werk teruggaan op ooggetuieverslae uit die voortrekkertyd. Sy boek Piet Uijs of Lijden en Strijd der Voortrekkers in Natal stel dat geloof en regverdigheid deugde is wat nagestreef moet word, selfs al eindig dit in mislukking. Van der Post se werk vertoon 'n teokratiese grondhouding. Dit is die mens se geloofsgehoorsaamheid en edele voorbeeld in moeilike omstandighede wat tel. In intermenslike verhoudings is dit geloofsverbondenheid wat belangrik is; ras speel geen rol in Van der Post se boek nie. Anders as sy Britse tydgenote koester hy geloofsverwagting vir die swart heidense stamme van Suidelike Afrika.
Die uitwerking van binnelandse aangeleenthede op buitelandse beleid, met spesifieke verwysing na hedendaagse gebeure in die Verenigde State van Amerika
Authors: Eksteen R
Published: October 2019

Dat buitelandse beleid as 'n refleksie van binnelandse beleid beskou kan word, blyk oorvloedig uit gesaghebbende uitsprake betreffende die belangrike verhouding tussen buitelandse en binnelandse aangeleenthede. Buitelandse beleid word nie in 'n vakuum geformuleer en uitgevoer nie, maar ontstaan uit, groei en word gevoed deur binnelandse beleid. Daarom kan gestel word dat buitelandse beleid eintlik 'n neweproduk van binnelandse beleid is. Buitelandse beleidmakers moet derhalwe 'n omvattende begrip van hul eie binnelandse omstandighede en beleid hê alvorens 'n buitelandse beleid geformuleer en aanvaar word. Buitelandse beleid is daarop gemik om binnelandse en internasionale doelstellings te bereik en behels gewoonlik 'n uitgebreide reeks stappe waarin binnelandse politiek en faktore 'n belangrike rol speel. Om hierdie rede kan gestel word dat buitelandse beleid bepaal en verfyn word wanneer binnelandse en internasionale rolspelers en groepe saamwerk. Buitelandse beleid is selde suksesvol as dit nie eers tuis aanvaar word nie en in hierdie verband word daar dikwels verwys na 'n tuisgemaakte buitelandse beleid ("a home-grown foreign policy"). In die digitale era vervaag die grens tussen buitelandse en binnelandse aangeleenthede bowendien ook al hoe meer. Met die massiewe aanwending van al die moontlikhede wat hedendaagse digitale tegnologie bied, maak omgewingsbewustes byvoorbeeld wêreldwyd hul stemme dik om besluite op internasionale vlak te beïnvloed en verandering teweeg te bring. Baie van hierdie aktivistiese slagspreuke het nou ook al deel van die terminologie van internasionale verhoudings geword. Nietemin: om 'n land se buitelandse beleid te begryp, moet die binnelandse omstandighede en beleid eers ontleed en verstaan word. 'n Sprekende voorbeeld hiervan is die buitelandse beleid wat president Trump ywerig nastreef.
ŉ Beoordeling van die (wan)prestasie van die artikel 185-Kommissie met betrekking tot die regte van gemeenskappe
Authors: Roets E , Malan K
Published: October 2019

Die Kommissie vir die Bevordering en Beskerming van die Regte van Kultuur-, Godsdiens- en Taalgemeenskappe voldoen nie aan die verwagting om die regte van gemeenskappe te beskerm nie. Die hoofrede hiervoor is dat die Kommissie nie erns maak met die konsep van regte van gemeenskappe, naas individuele regte nie. Op die keper beskou is die beskerming van gemeenskappe die voorwaarde vir uitoefening van talle oënskynlik eg individuele regte, byvoorbeeld die reg op vryheid van uitdrukking, vryheid van assosiasie, asook regte met betrekking tot taal, kultuur en godsdiens. Dit is belangwekkend dat onlangse ontwikkelings op die gebied van die internasionale reg juis groeiende erkenning verleen aan die beskerming van die integriteit van gemeenskappe ten einde sinvolle beskerming aan individue te verleen. Eerstens vertolk die Internasionale Komitee vir Menseregte die oënskynlik individualisties-geformuleerde artikel 27 van die Internasionale Verbond vir Burgerlike en Politieke Regte (1966) toenemend kollektief ten einde sodoende die klem op die beskerming van gemeenskappe te plaas. Tweedens, vereis die Deklarasie oor die Regte van Persone wat tot Nasionale-, Etniese-, Godsdienstige- en Taalminderhede behoort (1992) van state om daadwerklike stappe te doen om die betrokke minderheidsgemeenskappe te beskerm. Derdens onderskryf die Verenigde Nasies (VN) se Ontwikkelingsverslag ("Development Report") van 2004 breedvoerig die beginsel van kulturele vryheid en word daar van state vereis dat hulle huishoudelike reg die kulturele vryheid van gemeenskappe aktief bevorder. Terselfdertyd keer die Verslag staatsbeleid wat kulturele homogenisering meebring onomwonde af. Dit is noodsaaklik dat Suid-Afrikaanse staatsorgane met inbegrip van die Kommissie van hierdie ontwikkelings kennis neem en dienooreenkomstig optree. Die Kommissie se nalate om juis dit te doen, verklaar in beduidende mate sy eie mislukking.
UV Crosslinking of Adherent Cells for eCLIP v1
Authors: Van Nostrand Eric , Yeo Gene
Published: October 2019

Profiling of RNA binding protein targets in vivo provides critical insights into the mechanistic roles they play in regulating RNA processing. The enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) methodology provides a framework for robust, reproducible identification of transcriptome-wide protein-RNA interactions, with dramatically improved efficiency over previous methods. Here we provide a step-by-step description for UV crosslinking of adherent cells to prepare them for eCLIP experiments.
THE RESULTS OF CHECKING OF METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS DOMINANT DATA IN THE CUTTING OF THE DISTRICT OF RIVER BASINS AND SUBBASEINS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Obodovskyi O. , Grebin V. , Snizhko S. , Kuprikov I. , Shevchenko O. Shevchenko
Published: October 2019

This article presents the results of the verification of the homogeneity of the data of long-term observations on the average annual air temperature and annual precipitation amounts according to the data of 143 meteorological stations operating on the territory of Ukraine to date and have a long (in the vast majority of cases, more than 55-60 years) rows of observations within 14 areas of river basins and sub-basins that have been allocated within the country for research. To do this, the parametric criteria of Student and Fischer, as well as the non-parametric Wilcoxon criterion, were used. Briefly described these three criteria and statistical methods for assessing the homogeneity of hydrological and meteorological sequences in general. The basic concepts of mathematical statistics, such as the null hypothesis, the statistical criterion, the level of significance, the critical area, are deciphered. The number of used meteorological stations for each of the selected areas of river basins and sub-basins was determined. The heterogeneity of the series of average annual air temperature for all 14 selected areas of river basins and sub-basins was revealed. The rows of the long-term course of average annual air temperatures are homogeneous only at two meteorological stations within the boundaries of the Crimean river basin districts (Simferopol and Dzhankoy). Significant homogeneity of the rows of annual precipitation amounts for the overwhelming majority of areas of river basins and sub-basins was also revealed. It is noted that for five of the studied areas of river basins and sub-basins, the homogeneity index is 100 % for all three of the involved criteria of mathematical statistics. The lowest index of homogeneity of the rows of annual rainfall amounts is typical for the Wisla River basin district, where it is 60 %. This is one of the smallest selected areas, which occupies a very small area within Ukraine (about 4 %). The following conclusions are made: 1. The indices of homogeneity of the rows of annual precipitation amounts received for the territory of Ukraine according to 143 meteorological stations indicate that there are no directed changes in annual rainfall in most of the country. 2. The indices of homogeneity of the series of average annual values of air temperatures obtained for the territory of Ukraine according to the data of the same 143 meteorological stations according to different criteria testify to the violation of the homogeneity of this indicator on the territory of Ukraine since about 1989, which testifies to the climatic changes taking place in the country over the past decades, reflecting global climate change.
Room-Temperature Synthesis of the TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC and TaC Powder Monocarbides
Authors: Nakonechna Olesya I. , Belyavina Nadezhda N. , Dashevskyi Mykola M. , Titov Yuriy A.
Published: October 2019

The nanoscaled (up to 30 nm) TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC and TaC monocarbides with NaCl-type structure have been synthesized from the elemental metals and the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by mechanical alloying in a high energy planetary ball mill in an argon atmosphere. The powders obtained were examined by X-ray diffraction method. It is shown that mechanical alloying is accompanied by a decrease in the lattice parameters of MeC carbides formed and by a decrease of the total number of atoms in their crystal structure, i.e. by an increase of structural vacancies in the materials obtained. On the whole, monocarbides obtained can be arranged by the simplicity of their formation in a ball mill as: HfC -> ZrC -> TiC -> TaC -> NbC -> VC.
The effects of capnography during sedation in pediatric esophagogastroduodenoscopy procedures: A randomized controlled study
Authors: TARIKÇI KILIÇ Ebru , GERENLİ Nelgin
Published: October 2019

Background and Aims: Microstream capnography monitors are devices that use nasal sample lines to measure pulse oximeter and end-tidal carbon dioxide values of spontaneously breathing patients. Research suggests that capnography is a more sensitive measure of ventilation than standard modalities. This study aimed to determine whether adding capnography to standard monitoring improves the detection of respiratory depression in children undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy with sedation before hypoxemia occurs. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 100 children undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy with sedation in a pediatric endoscopy department. All children received standard monitoring and capnography and were randomized to study (n = 50; capnography monitor) and control (n = 50; blind to monitor) groups. The primary outcome was an oxygen desaturation rate < 90%. Results: The control group had higher rates of hypoventilation and oxygen desaturation per minute and received more interventions than the study group. Untimely interventions with hypoventilation were associated with oxygen desaturation < 90%. All episodes of hypoventilation were due to hypopnea; however, medication, gender, and sedation duration were not significantly associated with this outcome. Conclusion: Hypoventilation is common during sedation of pediatric patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Capnography monitoring provides fewer but timely interventions for apnea and hypoventilation and improves the quality of care during sedation. We, therefore, highly recommend the use of capnography monitoring.
DEMODERNIZATION AS A HYBRID FORM OF MODERNIZATION OF TRADITIONALIST SOCIETY IN THE GLOBALIZED WORLD
Authors: S. Ordenov Serhii , M. Кleshnia Hanna
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the article This article deals with the notion of demodernization as a form of hybrid modernization of a traditionalist society, which is being transformed into the system of global capitalism. The following thesis is substantiated that demodernization is a form of transformation that allows traditionalist societies to adapt to the economic requirements of the global world-system without carrying out structural changes in the social system.

Materials and methods: This research deals with the notion of demodernization as a form of hybrid modernization of a traditionalist society, which is being transformed into the system of global capitalism. This is a review of international interpretations. The article goes through works written by Acemoglu & Robinson (2016), Ordenov (2017), etc.

Results of the research: It is shown that demodernization mechanisms tend to be superimposed on the cultural period of our time, called Postmodern. Postmodern Culture cultivates the possibilities of demodernization in a global dimension since it is based on the perception of the world under the relativistic conditions of weakening values and integrity and dilution of the axiological and moral bases.

Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Demodernization as a hybrid form of modernization of traditionalist society in the globalized world is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Student responses to differing accounts of a controversial historical issue: 15-year-old Greek students consider the removal of children in the Greek Civil War
Authors: Kosmas Vasileios
Published: October 2019

In recent decades, controversial issues have come to the forefront of history teaching. So far, they have been utilized in three ways: (1) to manage tensions in divided societies; (2) to instil humanitarian values into students; and (3) to enhance the teaching of second-order historical
concepts. This study is based on the findings of other relevant research, and underpins the use of controversial accounts in order to foster procedural concepts of history. It was conducted in three middle schools of the Xanthi Prefecture, northern Greece, in 2017 and 2018. The subjects were
94 15-year-old students, and the design was experimental. After being taught two versions of the Greek Civil War, a traditional and an experimental one, students expressed their opinions about three pairs of different historical accounts of a controversial issue: the removal of children during
the war. A pilot study consisted of role-playing activities involving historical competences. After qualitative and quantitative analysis, a variety of ideas emerged about the differences in the accounts, the reasons for their differentiation, and the epistemological status of history. The
findings show that: (1) students' comprehension depended on the level of difficulty of the accounts; and (2) the experimental groups modified their ideas about the different accounts and history to some degree. In conclusion, a structured, disciplinary approach to controversial historical
issues, focused on role-playing activities, could contribute to a refinement of students' epistemological notions.
Historical enquiry in primary school: Teaching interpretation of archaeological artefacts from an intercultural perspective
Authors: Johansson Patrik
Published: October 2019

This article explores how learning historical interpretation of Viking-age archaeological artefacts from an intercultural perspective could be facilitated through historical enquiry in primary school. Three design principles were formulated for the teaching: (1) enquiry based upon an
authentic intercultural question; (2) enquiry with a focus on source interpretation; and (3) enquiry using material culture in the form of archaeological artefacts. Two questions were addressed: first, how did the teaching design and practice facilitate the intended learning, and second, what
obstacles to learning were encountered as a result of the design? Research data were analysed qualitatively using contentfocused conversation analysis and variation theory. The findings in relation to the first question indicated that the design principles helped teachers facilitate learning
through historical enquiry from an intercultural perspective, and that archaeological artefacts can inspire investigations into history by activating pupils' historical consciousness. The answer to the second question indicated that pupils had difficulties responding to historical enquiries
with synthesized inferences based on historical evidence. A revision of the final phase of the enquiry suggests that focus is on discussing reasonable explanations in relation to artefacts, rather than synthesizing historical inferences based on evidence. This study points to possibilities
of teaching historical interpretation and intercultural perspectives through historical enquiry in primary school, and suggests that archaeological artefacts can be used to initiate historical learning.
Critical thinking and use of film in Norwegian lower secondary history classrooms
Authors: Wagner David-Alexandre
Published: October 2019

This article examines how Norwegian social studies teachers from lower secondary schools enhance critical thinking when using film in the history classroom. We utilized empirical data from semi-structured interviews with 20 teachers from the same regional area in Norway. The article
addresses several questions: What are the teachers' impressions of their students' and their own abilities to be critical towards films? Do they use film to meet competence aims in the curriculum for eighth to tenth grade? Do they use film to enhance students' critical thinking abilities?
If so, how? The teachers' answers seem paradoxical. Although they mostly consider critical thinking abilities towards film to be crucial for eighth- to tenth-grade students, who usually lack them, most of the teachers did not clearly link their frequent use of film in the classroom to the
development of critical historical thinking skills and dispositions, neither in their alleged goals nor in their actual practices. Although they partly recognized the empathetic value of history films and their worth for debate, the teachers generally overlooked a whole part of their potential.
These results are consistent with those of other international studies. They probably bear witness to the predominance of a scientific conception of the use of history in school, rooted in epistemological beliefs that would need to be studied more closely in order to sustain perennial practice
changes in the future.
Seçilmiş Karayemiş Genotiplerinin Meyve Özellikleri ile Biyokimyasal Bileşiklerin Karakterizasyonu
Authors: İSLAM Ali , KARAKAYA Orhan , GÜN Sefa , KARAGÖL Selim , ÖZTÜRK Burhan
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma Karadeniz
bölgesinden seçilmiş bazı karayemiş genotiplerinin meyve özellikleri ile biyokimyasal
bileşik içeriklerini belirlemek amacıyla Ordu Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi
Bahçe Bitkileri Araştırma ve Uygulama arazisinde yürütülmüştür.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmada
7 farklı karayemiş genotipi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada; karayemişin salkımdaki
meyve sayısı, meyve ağırlığı, meyve eti/ çekirdek oranı, SÇKM, meyve tadı,
meyve etinin çekirdekten ayrılması, biyokimyasal olarak; toplam fenolik, toplam
flavonoid ve antioksidan aktivitesi özellikleri incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Salkımda
meyve sayısı 5,4-17,0 adet; meyve ağırlığı 3,6-9.5 g ve SÇKM içeriği 18,4-23.5 arasında
tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek toplam fenolik, flavonoid içeriği ve antioksidan
aktivitesi (FRAP ve DPPH) R- 27 genotipinde ölçülmüştür.

Sonuç: Araştırma
sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde salkımdaki meyve sayısı, meyve tadı ve
biyokimyasal içerik bakımından R- 27 genotipi öne çıkmıştır. Ayrıca karayemiş
meyvelerinin ayrı bir damak tadına sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Dexmedetomidina e anestesia para cirurgia cardíaca: revisão da literatura
Authors: Santos Junior Vital Pedro , Coelho Rafael Macedo , Silva Wallace Andrino
Published: October 2019

Resumo
A dexmedetomidina é uma droga alfa-2 agonista altamente seletiva, atuando receptores cerebrais, medula espinhal e neurônios pré-sinapticos. Possui ação analgésica, sedativa, ansiolítica e simpaticolíticas. Em virtude dessas propriedades, pode ser usada como adjuvante em procedimentos cirúrgicos que demandam quantidades maiores de anestésicos, como na cirurgia cardíaca, por exemplo. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar os efeitos e desfechos do uso da dexmedetomidina nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca.
Palavras-chaves: dexmedetomidina; anestesia; cirurgia cardíaca.
Effect of hyaluronic acid on skin healing in diabetic rats
Authors: MEDEIROS SOARES CELANI LIVIA
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of topical hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment on wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats weighing 279 ± 32g were randomly selected and allocated into 2 groups, with six rats each, all submitted to diabetes induction with streptozotocin. Under anesthesia, a 1 cm2 open wound was made on the back skin of all animals. Group 1 - rats treated with topical 0.9% saline use on open skin wounds. Group 2 - rats treated with topical use of 0.4% HA over skin lesions. After anesthesia on the 10th postoperative day, a biopsy of the skin dorsal wound area, including the entire healing wound, was performed for histopathological examination. Quantitative analysis was performed for the amount of macrophages, vascular neoformation, fibroblasts and collagen fibers, using a digitizer and image analyzer system. Results: All animals included in the study had blood glucose above 250mg/dL on the second day after streptozotocin administration and remained with high blood glucose until the 10th day, when the study was completed. After quantitative evaluation of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, vascular neoformation and macrophages performed in the ImagePro Plus 6.0 software, it was observed that the wound scores of diabetic animals treated with hyaluronic acid (185 ± 15.7) were significantly higher than those treated with saline (134 ± 11.7). The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: Treatment of open wounds with HA effectively improved the healing process in hyperglycemic rats through an anti-inflammatory effect. This study suggests and provided evidence that topical use of HA is promising in the treatment of wounds in diabetic rats.
DIVERSITY, DOMINANCY, AND PERIODICITY OF MOSQUITOES IN FILARIASIS ENDEMIC AREAS IN SAMBOREJO VILLAGE TIRTO DISTRICT PEKALONGAN REGENCY
Authors: Wibawaning Astuti Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti
Published: October 2019

Vector-borne mosquito diseases are still as a public health problem in the world, including in Indonesia.  Many of mosquitoes species are significantly as vectors of patogen, such as virus, bacteria, protozoan, and helminths due to human health. Samborejo Village is one of filariasis endemic areas and it is still in a high mf-rate. Each of mosquito species has a differential of distribution, bioactivities pattern, and type of habitat of their breeding sites  with others.  The objective of this study was to determine the diversity, dominancy, and periodicity pattern of mosquitoes during night time in Samborejo Village Tirto Distric Pekalongan Regency.  Mosquitoes collections were done by landing method, from 6 pm - 6 am of in an hour period of collection, for biting and resting  activities and also for indoor and outdoor collection respectively. Mosquitoes were then identified and the diversity was analized by Shannon-Wienner Index. The total number of each species was served in percent. Totally there were 339 collected mosquitoes, consisting of 165 (48.67%) females and 174 (51.33%) males. Of all, there were 4 species identified which were Culex quinquefasciatus  (92.1%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (0.6%), Culex vishnui (1.8%), and Aedes aegypti (5.5%). Samborejo Village showed in low diversity with the index of 0.338, and Cx. quinquefasciatus to be the dominant species in this area. Culex quinquefasciatus also became the frequent species in each period of collection for indoor and outdoor, and it showed the indoor active biting at 9 pm, 01 am, and 03 am; furthermore, the outdoor active biting was  at midnight (00) and at 03 am. However,  Aedes mosquitoe was showed active biting in earlier, it was at 6 pm, 7 pm, and at 02 am.
Isolation and phenotypic characterization of rhizobia that nodulate cowpea in the Cerrado in Tocantins State, Brazil
Authors: Chagas Junior Aloisio Freitas , De Oliveira Luiz Antônio , De Castro Henrique Guilhon , Cornélio Gabriel de Lima , Dos Santos Gil Rodrigues , Chagas Lillian França Borges , Costa Jefferson da Luz
Published: October 2019

Depending on the nutritional characteristics and hardiness, the cowpea has become an important source of protein in North and Northeast regions of Brazil. The cowpea benefits from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and may receive part of the nitrogen needed for culture via symbiosis, which reduces production costs. Aiming to contribute to the optimization of the BNF in the culture of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) in the cerrado of Tocantins, through the effectiveness of populations and diversity of rhizobia obtained in seven areas with and without crops , phenotypic isolation and characterization were performed (pH, time of growth characteristics of the colonies and mucus). We obtained 72 rhizobia and evaluated in a dendrogram showed a great diversity, with the formation of 18 groups and the five large groups with 70% similarity. The study of morphological and physiological characteristics reveals a fairly wide diversity of rhizobia and is usually related to studies at the DNA level.
Crescimento e produção de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) sob doses de fósforo
Authors: Saraiva Althiéris de Sousa , Dornelas Diego Fernandes , Doernelas Bruno Fernandes Mota , Gonçalves Rogério Cavalcante , Erasmo Eduardo Andrea Lemus , Sarmento Renato de Almeida , Nunes Thomas Vieira
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência da adubação fosfatada sobre o crescimento e produção do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.). Mudas de pinhão-manso, com dois meses de idade foram transplantadas no mês de fevereiro de 2007. No mês de junho de 2008 foi realizada poda drástica em todas as plantas na altura de 80 cm do solo. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas doses de P2O5: 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 g cova-1.O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados,com quatro repetições de oito plantas, totalizando 40 plantas por bloco. O período de avaliação do experimento compreendeu-se entre o mês de outubro de 2008 a outubro de 2009 (correspondente ao 2° ano de avaliação), e entre o mês de outubro de 2009 a outubro de 2010 (correspondente ao 3° ano de avaliação),sendo as variáveis avaliadas:o número de ramos antes da poda, o número de ramos após a poda,o número de ramos com inflorescência,o número de inflorescência planta-1,o número de ramos com cachos,o número de cachos planta-1 e aprodutividade. A poda estimulou o crescimento e produção do pinhão-manso. O incremento na adubação fosfatada elevou a produtividade de pinhão-manso, alcançando uma estabilidade a partir da dose de 150 g ha-1 de P2O5. A cultura de Pinhão-manso pode ser considerada uma espécie que responde à adubação fosfatada.
Electrocardiography Abnormalities in Macaques after Infection with Encephalitic Alphaviruses
Authors: Ma Henry , Lundy Jeneveve D. , O'Malley Katherine J. , Klimstra William B. , Hartman Amy , Reed Douglas S.
Published: October 2019

Eastern (EEEV) and Venezuelan (VEEV) equine encephalitis viruses (EEVs) are related, (+)ssRNA arboviruses that can cause severe, sometimes fatal, encephalitis in humans. EEVs are highly infectious when aerosolized, raising concerns for potential use as biological weapons. No licensed medical countermeasures exist; given the severity/rarity of natural EEV infections, efficacy studies require animal models. Cynomolgus macaques exposed to EEV aerosols develop fever, encephalitis, and other clinical signs similar to humans. Fever is nonspecific for encephalitis in macaques. Electrocardiography (ECG) metrics may predict onset, severity, or outcome of EEV-attributable disease. Macaques were implanted with thermometry/ECG radiotransmitters and exposed to aerosolized EEV. Data was collected continuously, and repeated-measures ANOVA and frequency-spectrum analyses identified differences between courses of illness and between pre-exposure and post-exposure states. EEEV-infected macaques manifested widened QRS-intervals in severely ill subjects post-exposure. Moreover, QT-intervals and RR-intervals decreased during the febrile period. VEEV-infected macaques suffered decreased QT-intervals and RR-intervals with fever onset. Frequency-spectrum analyses revealed differences in the fundamental frequencies of multiple metrics in the post-exposure and febrile periods compared to baseline and confirmed circadian dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) analyses revealed diminished variability post-exposure. These analyses support using ECG data alongside fever and clinical laboratory findings for evaluating medical countermeasure efficacy.
THE EFFECT OF SELF-CONCEPT, MOTIVATION AND DISCIPLINE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS AT JAKARSA REGENCY OF SOUTH JAKARTA
Authors: Sriyono Heru
Published: October 2019

This research was about the effects of self-concept, motivation and discipline on the performance of the primary school principals at Jagakarsa regency of South Jakarta. The objectives of this research were: determining whether self-concept has a direct effect on discipline, determining whether motivation has a direct affect on discipline, determining whether discipline has a direct effect on performance, determining whether the self-concept has direct effect on performance, determining whether the motivation has a direct effect on performance, determining whether the self-concept has an indirect effect on performance but through discipline, and determining whether the motivation have an indirect effect on performance through discipline. The research was conducted by survey method with path-analysis. The sample size was 63 principals of the school. The result are as follows : (1) that the self-concept directly affect the discipline of the principals; (2) the motivation directly affect their discipline, and (3) the discipline directly affect their performance, therefore, improvement of performance of to the principal should be improved by enhancing the rules and working standard.Keyword : self-concept, motivation, discipline, school-principalâ€™sperformance
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, AND WORK MOTIVATION ON TEACHER JOB PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Sujanto Bedjo , Mukhtar Mukhneri
Published: October 2019

This research aimed at investigating the influence of organizational climate, transformational leadership, and work motivation on teacher job performance at Pondok Modern Tazakka, Batang - Central Java.The research using quantitative approach with survey method. Amount of the samples in this research are 55 teachers that selected randomly. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistic using path analysis. (1) organizational climate have positive direct effect on teacher performance with path coefficient (py1) = 0,257 and t-count 2,963> t-table 1,684; (2) transformational leadership have positive direct effect on teacher performance with path coefficient (py2) = 0,489 and t-count 5,164> t-table 1,684, (3) work motivation have positive direct effect to teacher performance with path coefficient (py3) = 0,261 and t count 2,42> t-table 1,684, (4) organizational climate have positive direct effect (p31) = 0.391 and t-count 3.990> t-table 1.684, and (5) transformational leadership have a direct positive effect on work motivation with path coefficient (p32) = 0.526 and t-count 5,376> t- table 1,684. The Conclusion is organizational climate, transformational leadership, and work motivation have a direct effect on teacher job performance. Organizational climate and transformational leadership also have a direct effect on teacher work motivation. Therefore to improve teacher job performance, organizational climate, transformational leadership, and work motivation must be considered to be improved.
IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, PERSONALITY AND JOB INVOLVEMENT TO ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Authors: Dwirosanti Nining
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study examines the impact of transformational leadership, personality, job involvement to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) structural officials directorate general of teachers and education personnel of the ministry of education and culture. The research used quantitative method with survey approach. Research sample of 123 structural officials of echelon 4 are taken at random. Collecting data using questionnaires and data analyzed using path analysis. The results showed: transformational leadership had a direct positive and significant effect on OCB; personality had a direct positive and significanton OCB; And job involvement has a direct positive and significant effect on OCB; Transformational leadership has a direct positive and significant impact on job involvement; Personality has a direct positive and significant effect on job involvement; Transformational leadership has a direct positive and significant effect on the personality. Thus, in order to increase OCB to structural officials in the directorate general of teachers and education personnel environment, transformational leadership, personality, and job involvement need to be improved.

Keywords: Transformational leadership, personality, job involvement, organizational citizenship behavior.
EFFECT OF PERSONALITY, ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE, AND WORK SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR TEACHER IN SECONDARY HIGH SCHOOL IN THE CITY OF ADMINISTRATION JAKARTA CENTER PROVINCE DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Asri Asri
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research is to study the influence of personality, organizational climate, and job satisfaction toward the Organizational Citizenship Behavior of teachers at public vocational high school in Central Jakarta Administration city of DKI Jakarta province. This research uses quantitative approach with survey method. The population of this research is all civil servant teachers at 14 public vocational high schools in Central Jakarta Administration. The number of samples of the study were 212 teachers who were taken with the Slovin formula of a population of 451 teachers. Data collection of research with questionnaires then analyzed descriptive statistics and inferential statistical path analysis. Based on hypothesis testing, 1) there is positive direct effect of personality toward Organizational Citizenship Behavior, 2) there is positive direct effect of organizational culture toward Organizational Citizenship Behavior; 3) there is positive direct effect of job satisfaction toward Organizational Citizenship Behavior; 4) there is positive direct influence Personality to Job Satisfaction, and 5) there is a direct positive influence of organizational climate on Job Satisfaction. Thus to improve OCB teachers in vocational high schools by improving teacher personality, quality organizational climate, increasing teacher job satisfaction.

Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Personality, Organizational Climate and job saticfication
Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education
Authors: Idris Fahmi Idris
Published: October 2019

Unemployment, economic growth, and low entrepreneurial ratio hasbecome current problem in Indonesia. Entrepreneurship education is animportant form of intervention to overcome these problems.This articlereviews the concepts and developments in the field of entrepreneurshipeducation in the literature.Furthermore, this study critically examines thedevelopment of entrepreneurship education in Indonesia and implementthe existing theoretical framework to recommend a number ofimprovements that can be taken by higher education and otherstakeholders to enhance the quality of entrepreneurship education inIndonesia.
Orthopaedic Junctional Injuries
Authors: Covey CPT D.C. , Schwartz Alexandra K.
Published: October 2019

➤ Junctional injuries are those spanning the root of an extremity and the adjacent torso to include the shoulder region (shoulder and thoracic outlet) or pelvic region (pelvis, lower part of the abdomen, and proximal part of the thigh).

➤ These anatomic regions are traversed by major neurovascular structures where proximal and distal hemorrhage control is necessary in the torso and involved extremity.

➤ Nineteen percent of battlefield deaths from potentially survivable hemorrhage in Iraq and Afghanistan occurred in junctional anatomic regions.

➤ Patients with junctional injuries who present in extremis benefit from a resuscitation protocol that prioritizes control of life-threatening bleeding.

➤ A coordinated effort with general and orthopaedic surgeons working together can maximize chances for survival.

➤ Intermingling of new developments in the mitigation and treatment of junctional injuries will hopefully decrease their associated morbidity and mortality.
Assessing Quality Improvement Capacity in Primary Care Practices
Authors: Parchman Michael , Anderson Melissa L. , Coleman Katie F , Michaels LeAnn , Schuttner Linnaea , Conway Cullen , Hsu Clarissa , Fagnan Lyle J.
Published: October 2019

Background: Healthy Hearts Northwest (H2N) is a study of external support strategies to build quality improvement (QI) capacity in primary care with a focus on cardiovascular risk factors: appropriate aspirin use, blood pressure control, and tobacco screening/cessation.

Methods: To guide practice facilitator support, experts in practice transformation identified seven domains of QI capacity and mapped items from a previously validated medical home assessment tool to them. A practice facilitator (PF) met with clinicians and staff in each practice to discuss each item on the Quality Improvement Capacity Assessment (QICA) resulting in a practice-level response to each item. We examined the association between the QICA total and sub-scale scores, practice characteristics, a measure of prior experience with managing practice change, and performance on clinical quality measures (CQMs) for the three cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: The QICA score was associated with prior experience managing change and moderately associated with two of the three CQMs: aspirin use (r=0.16, p=0.049) and blood pressure control (r=0.18, p=0.013). Rural practices and those with 2-5 clinicians had lower QICA scores. PFs notes provide examples of high scoring practices devoting time and attention to quality improvement whereas low scoring practices did not.

Conclusions: The QICA is useful for assessing QI capacity within a practice and may serve as a guide for both facilitators and primary care practices in efforts to build this capacity and improve measures of clinical quality.
Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) Assay for detection of aprV2 positive Dichelobacter nodosus in-field by secondary users
Authors: Best Nickala , Rodoni Brendan , Rawlin Grant , Beddoe Travis
Published: October 2019

Objective Dichelobacter nodosus is the causative agent of footrot in sheep. Ovine footrot causes considerable economic losses and substantial animal welfare issues in the Australian sheep industry. Recently, we developed a robust LAMP assay (VDN LAMP) that was able to identify aprV2 positive D. nodosus in-field. A major advantage of LAMP technology is the ability of the assay to be performed by non-specialists with minimal training. We aimed to assess the performance of the VDN LAMP in comparison to a laboratory rtPCR test when used by secondary users. Results Two animal health officers (termed secondary users) from Department of Primary Industries and Regions, South Australia were trained in the use of VDN LAMP, before carrying out in-field testing. The performance of VDN LAMP assay by secondary user 1 was shown to successfully detect 73.91% aprV2 positive samples, while secondary user 2 detected 37.93% aprV2 positive samples. Overall, the ability to identify virulent D. nodosus by VDN LAMP by secondary users was mixed, however, this could be rectified by additional training and commercial production of the LAMP kits to increase stability. We envisaged in the future VDN LAMP will able to be used by non-specialists to aid control programs.
Ropivacaine 75mg versus placebo in perineal infiltration for analgesic efficacy at mid- and long-term for episiotomy repair - The ROPISIO study: a two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: CARDAILLAC Claire , Ploteau Stéphane , Thuaut Aurélie Le , Dochez Vincent , Winer Norbert , Ducarme Guillaume
Published: October 2019

Background Perineal pain due to episiotomy is commonly reported and can be severe enough to disturb the mother-infant dyad during the postpartum period. Its incidence at day 7 postpartum varies from 63% to 74%. Recent studies have already showed the analgesic efficacy of perineal infiltration of ropivacaine after episiotomy, but have only focused on the immediate postpartum period (at 24 and 48 hours after birth). Large, adequately powered, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are required to evaluate the impact of ropivacaine infiltration on perineal pain and quality of life at mid- and long-term before the widespread use of ropivacaine to prevent perineal pain after episiotomy can be recommended. Methods The ROPISIO study is a two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in La Roche sur Yon and Nantes, France. It will involve 272 women with vaginal singleton delivery and mediolateral episiotomy at term (≥ 37 weeks). Perineal infiltration (ropivacaine 75mg or placebo) will be administrated just after vaginal birth and before episiotomy repair. The primary outcome will be the analgesic efficacy at day 7 postpartum (mid-term), defined by the numerical scale of pain (ENS) strictly superior to 3/10 on the perineal repair area. Secondary outcomes will be the analgesic efficacy (ENS), the impact of pain on daily behavior, on the quality of life (36-Item Short Form Health Survey), on the occurrence of symptoms of postpartum depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and on sexuality (Female Sexual Function Index) at 3 and 6 months (long-term) using validated online questionnaires. This study will have 90% power to show a 30% reduction in the incidence of perineal pain at day 7, from 70.0% to 50.0%. Discussion This study will investigate if perineal ropivacaine infiltration just after birth can reduce mid- and long-term postpartum pain and increase quality of life in women with mediolateral episiotomy. Ropivacaine was a promising candidate drug, inexpensive, easy to administer, and easy to add on the routine management of deliveries in labor ward.
Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Zerihun Muluken Fekadie , Malik Tabarak , Ferede Yohannes Mulu , Bekele Tesfahun , Yeshaw Yigizie
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian women. Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2017 to April 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results: The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p=0.02 for mean body weight and p=0.019, for body mass index). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value=0.85 for Depo-Provera users and 0.67 for non-users). The finding of this study revealed that there is an increased weight gain and BMI among Depo-Provera users compared to non-users, which really requires attention of health professionals and other stake holders.
Factors Associated With Alcohol Use Disorder Among People Living With HIV/AIDS Attending Art Clinic, Mizan Tep University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Bereket Beyene
Published: October 2019

Abstract Objective: To assess the magnitude of alcohol use and factors among HIV/AIDS positive adults visiting ART clinic at Mizan Tep university Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Southern Ethiopia from October 2017 to December 2017. Result: A total of 332 participants were enrolled in the study with the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) of 18.4%. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were sex AOR=3.48 (95%CI: 1.27, 9.59), cigarette smoking AOR=5.12(95%CI:4.02,8.61), “Khat” chewing AOR=3.23(95%CI: 2.06,6.89),and CD4 count of 0-200 AOR = 19.49 (95% CI:1.74 ,218.4). Key words:-Magnitude, Alcohol use disorder, factors.