bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular investigation of exoU and exoY virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from hospitalized patients in North of Iran: A descriptive-analytical study
Authors: Moradi Ahmad Reza , Gholami Mehrdad , Davoodi Lotfollah , Hajilou Negar , Goli Hamid Reza
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To investigate the frequency of exoU and exoY genes in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Methods:

In this study, 100 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from patients hospitalized in educational- therapeutic hospitals and were identified using standard microbiological tests. Then, the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by the disk agar diffusion method. The bacterial DNAs were extracted by the alkaline lysis method. Finally, the presence of exoU and exoY genes was evaluated by the PCR test.

Results:

In this study, 47%, 72%, 29%, 39%, 40%, and 44% of the isolates were non-susceptible to piperacillin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin, respectively. In addition, 95% and 93% of the clinical isolates carried the exoU and exoY genes. Blood and fecal isolates had both virulence genes, while only one wound isolate had neither genes. Meanwhile, all urinary isolates contained the exoY gene and only one isolate lacked the exoU gene. Also, 88 isolates simultaneously had both exoU and exoY genes.

Conclusions:

High prevalence of exoU and exoY genes in this region indicates a significant role of type III secretion system in pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The type III secretion system may be a suitable target to reduce the pathogenicity of this bacterium.
Death from caustic ingestion: A case report
Authors: Koh Shao Hui , Tan Jacqueline C. L.
Published: May 2024

Rationale:

Acute caustic ingestion from suicidal intent is not usual in emergency departments in developed countries. One of the substances commonly ingested by suicidal patients, phosphoric acid, tends to cause multi-system derangements.

Patient’s Concern:

A 41-year-old male patient presented with complaints of throat discomfort, severe generalized abdominal pain, and multiple episodes of hematemesis after ingesting a restroom cleaning solution.

Diagnosis:

Poisoning by acute caustic ingestion (containing <30% phosphoric acid and <4% ethylene glycol).

Interventions:

The patient was administered 50 mL of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate solution followed by an isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution running at 500 mL/h, a hyperkalemia kit, ceftriaxone, metronidazole, omeprazole, and atropine. The patient then underwent urgent hemodialysis.

Outcomes:

The patient suffered gastrointestinal bleeding as a result of local caustic injury. In addition, his course of illness was complicated by severe acidemia from high anion gap metabolic acidosis and deranged electrolytes (hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia, and hypocalcemia). He developed multi-organ failure and eventually demised.

Lessons:

The clinician needs to be mindful of the multi-system complications arising from such a caustic ingestion. These patients need to be monitored closely for deterioration, and have prompt management of the various arising complications, to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.
Acquired Urethrocutaneous Fistula in Children: Case Series of Unusual Presentations of a Usual Condition
Authors: Aithal Shrilakshmi , Sinha Arvind , Saxena Rahul , Rathod Kirtikumar J , Pathak Manish , Jadhav Avinash S. , Nayak Shubhalaxmi
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Urinary-cutaneous fistulas are typically treated by pediatric urologists and typically arise after surgical interventions. The three atypical cases of acquired urethrocutaneous fistula that we present here have variously resulted from an untreated periurethral abscess to complications of an initial urethral calculi. To prevent an intraoperative surprise, learning from our cases put emphasis on the importance of early intervention and a high index of suspicion for underlying calculi. We also cover the pathology, diagnosis, and therapy of these uncommon instances of acquired urethrocutaneous fistula.
Does Age Influence the Functional Recovery after Infant Pyeloplasty?
Authors: Tharanendran Heera , Sundararajan Lakshmi , Babu Ramesh , Arunachalam Pavai
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

The purpose was to study the correlation between age at surgery and functional recovery after infant pyeloplasty.

Materials and Methods:

All infants who underwent pyeloplasty were analyzed retrospectively in this multicenter study. Anteroposterior diameter (APD) >2 cm, split renal function (SRF) <40%, and Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grade 3–4 were surgical indications. Based on the age at pyeloplasty, they were divided into Group 1 (1–3 months) and Group 2 (4–12 months). APD and SRF were compared before and after surgery in both groups. The fractional recoverable function (post-SRF-pre-SRF)/(50-pre-SRF) ×100 was correlated with age.

Results:

Fifty-one infants underwent pyeloplasty (mean age: 1.6 months – Group 1 and 7.2 months – Group 2). The mean APD decreased from 3 cm to 1.2 cm in Group 1 while 2.8 cm to 2 cm in Group 2 (P = 0.001). The mean SRF increased from 32.28% to 42.81% in Group 1 while 31%–34.18% in Group 2. SRF recovery was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (P = 0.001). Regression analysis showed a weak negative correlation (r = −0.2792) between age at surgery and renal function improvement.

Conclusion:

Functional recovery after pyeloplasty is better when done earlier (1–3 months), as this gives the growing kidney the best opportunity to recover.
Liver Histopathology in Pediatric Patients with Choledochal Cyst
Authors: Mayank Kumar , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Singh Smita , Sarin Yogesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim is to study the various histopathological changes in the liver in pediatric patients with choledochal cyst (CC) and correlate with the presentation and type of cyst.

Methods:

In a prospective observational study including all pediatric patients who underwent CC excision, histopathological changes of the liver in the form of cholestasis (CHS), portal inflammation (PI), bile duct proliferation (BDP), and fibrosis were studied and graded using a scoring system. They were analyzed in relation to age, sex, symptoms, and type of the cyst.

Results:

All 30 patients of CC showed various degrees of histopathological changes in the liver in the form of CHS, PI, BDP, and liver fibrosis. Patients <1 years had 9/13 (69.2%) cystic variety and those >1 years had 17/17 (100%) fusiform variety of CC (P < 0.001). Patients <1 years frequently presented with jaundice and hepatomegaly and those >1 years presented with pain abdomen (P < 0.002). Higher grades of liver fibrosis and BDP were seen in the cystic variety compared to the fusiform variety (P < 0.001). However, no significant association was found with CHS and PI (P > 1.23).

Conclusions:

Histopathological changes in the liver of varying grades are seen in all patients of CC. Patients of CC <1 year presented frequently with jaundice, had the cystic type, and had a higher degree of liver damage on histopathology.
Acellular Bovine Pericardial Patch for Difficult Abdominal Closure in the Pediatric Population: Our Experience with Review of Literature
Authors: Karmakar Debalina , Basu Kalyani Saha , Basu Syamantak , Chakrabarty Saikat , Saha Koushik , Ghosh Dipak
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:

Closure of congenital body wall defects in children can be a challenging task for the pediatric Surgeon. Biological prosthesis has been increasingly used for high-risk wound closure in adult patients with excellent outcomes and use in the pediatric population has also been reported. Here, we aim to study the outcome of abdominal wound repair with a tissue-engineered acellular bovine pericardial patch.

Methods:

Over a period of 21 months, a total of 15 children had undergone abdominal wound repair with bioprostheses, i.e., bovine pericardial patch at our institute. Patient demographics, cause of defect, an indication of patch use, rate of infection, postoperative recovery, recurrence, and outcome were studied.

Results:

A total of 15 patients underwent abdominal wall closure with acellular bovine pericardial patch. Nine out of 15 patients were neonates, of whom five had gastroschisis, two had a congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and two had ruptured omphalocele major. Of the rest 6 patients, 2 were patients of bladder exstrophy, 2 were older children of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with incisional hernias, and 2 were older children with omphalocele major. Out of the five patients with gastroschisis, two died during the early postoperative period due to sepsis. The wound healed in the rest 13 patients with mild skin dehiscence in two patients. Only one child had a recurrence.

Conclusion:

Reconstruction with acellular bovine pericardial patch is a viable option in children with high-risk abdominal wounds as it allows tensionless repair with excellent healing and minimal complications. Recurrence, if any, may disappear with time as remodeling of the prosthesis occurs along with the growth of the body wall of the child.
Safety and Efficacy of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Control Study
Authors: Kanneganti Pujana , Verma Anju , Mandelia Ankur , Upadhyaya Vijai Datta , Kumar Basant , Kumar Tarun , Agarwal Nishant , Kannojia Ashish
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient care. The goal of this approach is to reduce the body’s reaction to surgical stress by optimizing the perioperative nutritional status, promoting analgesia without opioids, and early postoperative feeding. In pediatric patients, very limited literature is available for the application of ERAS protocol. This study was done to evaluate the application of ERAS protocol in pediatric hepatobiliary and pancreatic patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a randomized prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years at a tertiary center in North India. A total of 40 hepatobiliary and pancreatic patients who were willing to participate in the study were included in the study. Patients were randomized by computer-generated method and data were collected regarding demography, clinical diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative workup, and peri-operative care including analgesia, pain scores, postoperative recovery, hospital stay, and complications. These patients were followed for 6 months postoperatively and the results were evaluated using SPSS software.

Results:

The study included 20 patients each in both the conventional and ERAS group with median ages of 11.5 years and 7.1 years, respectively. The data analysis showed that the ERAS group of patients had better outcomes in terms of hospital stay and drain removal time with significant statistical differences. Pain scores and complications are almost the same in both groups.

Conclusion:

Principles of ERAS can be safely applied in pediatric patients undergoing major surgery in the present era of emerging infections and also increasing patient burden without morbidity.
Cloacal Exstrophy with Normal Penis and Urethra – A Rare Variant
Authors: Nandan Ruchira , Marripati Bhanumurthy Kaushik , Vidhyarthy Ajit Kumar , Pandey Vaibhav
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Classically, cloacal exstrophy presents with omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spinal defects. We report a rare variant of cloacal exstrophy in a 6-day-old male with an intact lower abdominal wall, normal penis, and urethra. Only two such cases have been reported in the literature.
Polyhydramnios Secondary to Esophageal Atresia – Cervical Cerclage and Serial Amnioreduction to Prolong Gestational Age in Select Cases
Authors: Baey Samantha , Toh Qi , Chiang Li Wei , Yeo George S. H. , Quek Bin Huey , Laksmi Narasimhan Kannan
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Esophageal atresia (OA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula affects approximately 1 in 4000 births and commonly presents with polyhydramnios. This appears to be the first report regarding the utility of cervical cerclage with serial amnioreduction to prolong the gestational age of a neonate with OA, thereby improving outcomes for reconstructive surgery.
Effectiveness of fluoride mouthrinse in prevention of demineralization during fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jha Awanindra Kumar , Mahuli Amit Vasant , Verma Santosh Kumar , Kumar Surender , Prakash Om , Ekram Subia , Mathur Ankita , Mehta Vini
Published: May 2024

Enamel demineralization is a very common occurrence around bonded brackets in an orthodontic practice. Fluoride (FLR) applications have been used to prevent decalcification and further progression of white spot lesions. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to systematically appraise available literature on the effectiveness of fluoride mouthrinse in the prevention of demineralization around fixed orthodontic appliances. A search was conducted for randomized controlled clinical trials among four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane Review) through MeSH terms and keywords. Studies were excluded if random allocation was not conducted, or if they were animal or in vitro studies. About 146 articles were screened and 5 studies were selected for the present review. Only two studies were selected for MA due to variations in the measurement of outcomes among studies. This review concluded that rinsing with FLR in the course of the fixed orthodontic treatment lessens demineralization around the bracket. Using FLR mouthrinse to inhibit the formation of white spot lesions or dental caries in patients with multiple cavities or restoration can be considered in clinical practice.
Keeping the teeth in line: Exploring the necessity of bonded retainers in orthodontics: A narrative review
Authors: Jasim Esraa S. , Kadhum Ammar S. , Hasan Istabrak
Published: May 2024

In most recent studies, long-term retention after orthodontic treatment has been hypothesized that may be necessary to maintain the stability of the dentition and avoid post-treatment changes. The bonded fixed retainer is characterized by its clinical effectiveness, patient acceptance, and lack of patient complaints as compared with a removable retainer. An electronic database (such as PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ResearchGate) has been collected using specific keywords. Of the 152 articles, only randomized clinical trials that investigated different types of fixed retainers or compared fixed with removable retainers were illustrated in tables and included in this review. The present review has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of the bonded fixed retainer, types, material, bonding methods, and how to improve its the success rate, besides the importance of new technology in fixed orthodontic retention.
Orthodontic treatment in adults: Challenges, outcomes, and factors affecting compliance and satisfaction
Authors: Pattanaik Snigdha , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Dasari Arun Kumar , Patil Santosh R. , Alzahrani Saeed G. , Fareed Mohammad
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:

The demand for orthodontic treatment among adults has witnessed a substantial rise in recent years. This study aims to explore the complexities of adult orthodontics, focusing on challenges faced, treatment outcomes, and the influence of factors such as age, gender, and education on patient compliance and satisfaction.

METHODS:

A multi-dimensional approach was employed, combining a review of clinical records with structured patient surveys. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic characteristics, treatment duration, and orthodontic problems addressed. Inferential statistics included Pearson correlation, Chi-squared tests, and analysis of variance to examine age compliance, gendersatisfaction, and education-orthodontic problem relationships. Qualitative analysis enriched findings, and statistical software facilitated data processing.

RESULTS:

The analysis revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between age and compliance (r = -0.28, P < 0.05), indicating that younger participants demonstrated higher compliance rates. Gender emerged as a significant factor influencing patient satisfaction (P = 0.024), with females reporting notably higher levels of satisfaction than males. Furthermore, participants with advanced education levels (Master’s/Ph.D.) were significantly more likely to have orthodontic issues related to malocclusion (P = 0.041).

CONCLUSION:

The study provides an insight into the multi-dimensional aspects of adult orthodontics, recognizing the challenges, compliance, and satisfaction levels. Tailored approaches considering age, gender, and education are essential. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of orthodontic treatment in adults and its potential implications for enhanced patient care.
White spot lesions in fixed orthodontic treatment: Etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and future research perspectives
Authors: Shankarappa Suma , Burk Jerusha Titus , Subbaiah Pradeep , Rao Raghunath Nagasundara , Doddawad Vidya Gowdappa
Published: May 2024

White spot lesions (WSLs) refer to localized areas of hypo-mineralization limited to the enamel of the teeth surface, which is noticeable clinically to the naked eye on drying of the teeth. During fixed orthodontic treatment, it is very hard for the patient to maintain excellent oral hygiene as the brackets, bands, wires, elastics, and other appliances and attachments worn intra-orally provide a platform for food retention, plaque formation, and then colonization by acidogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. This review aims to elaborate and focus on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment aspect, and future scope for research about the WSLs occurring due to fixed orthodontic treatment.
Graphene as a promising material in orthodontics: A review
Authors: Hussein Afaf H. , Yassir Yassir A.
Published: May 2024

Graphene is an extraordinary material with unique mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Additionally, it boasts high surface area and antimicrobial properties, making it an attractive option for researchers exploring innovative materials for biomedical applications. Although there have been various studies on graphene applications in different biomedical fields, limited reviews have been conducted on its use in dentistry, and no reviews have focused on its application in the orthodontic field. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of graphene-based materials, with an emphasis on their antibacterial mechanisms and the factors that influence these properties. Additionally, the review summarizes the dental applications of graphene, spotlighting the studies of its orthodontic application as they can be used to enhance the antibacterial and mechanical properties of orthodontic materials such as adhesives, archwires, and splints. Also, they can be utilized to enhance bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. An electronic search was carried out in Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library digital database platforms using graphene and orthodontics as keywords. The search was restricted to English language publications without a time limit. This review highlights the need for further laboratory and clinical research using graphene-based materials to improve the properties of orthodontic materials to make them available for clinical use.
Assessment of salivary tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in the initial stages of treatment with fixed appliances and clear aligners
Authors: Hassan Sarfraz , Shetty Mukul , Shetty Shravan , Naik Roopak
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES:

To assess and compare the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in saliva samples during the initial stages of orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This longitudinal study comprised 40 patients (22 males, 18 females, mean age 22 ± 7 years) who were categorized into two equal-sized groups. Group A comprised 20 patients treated with FA, and Group B comprised 20 patients treated with CA. Unstimulated saliva was collected before the intiation of treatment and then collected again after the placement of the FA/CA at 24 hrs, 7th day, and on the 21st day in both groups. TNF-α levels were determined through ELISA.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

The data were subjected to statistical analysis. For intragroup comparison of TNF-α at different time points, the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was used, and for intergroup comparison of FAs and CAs at different time points, the Mann–Whitney U test was used.

RESULTS:

TNF-α levels in the saliva increased significantly at 24 hours, followed by a decline on the 7th day and 21st day in both groups. Changes in TNF-α levels were significantly higher in the FA group than those in the CA group at different time points.

CONCLUSION:

This study showed that the salivary TNF-α levels increased significantly during the initial stages of FA and CA treatment at different time points. The mean salivary TNF-α level in both FA and CA groups increased significantly at 24 hours, followed by a decline on the 7th day and then on the 21st day. There was a significant difference between the FA and CA treatment, where the CAs showed a significantly low level of TNF-α in saliva at different intervals of time when compared to the FAs.
Enhancing cellulose fiber properties from chromolaena odorata and anana comosus through novel pulping chemical mixtures
Authors: Oluwasina Olayinka Oluwaseun , Fahmi Mochamad Zakki , Oluwasina Olugbenga Oludayo
Published: May 2024

The production of cellulose with exceptional properties has led to the modification of chemical pulping methods and the development of newer chemical pulping methods. This study developed mixtures of sodium hydroxide, ethanol, and anthraquinone as new pulping chemicals to produce alpha-cellulose from pineapple leaves and Saim weed stems. The addition of anthraquinone was noticed to influence the pulp yield positively and the FTIR of all the cellulose has the characteristic cellulose bands. Calculated Total crystallinity index (TCI), (Lateral order index) LOI., and Hydrogen bond intensity (HBI) from the FTIR presented PLSHAEC (68.38 %) and SWSHQEC (67.74 %) having high crystallinity. From the XRD, the 2? by all the materials is attributed to cellulose I diffraction, and the crystallinity index aligned with FTIR determined crystallinity. The determined particle average diameter using ImageJ software showed that PLSHQEC 3.00 had the smallest value, followed by 5.17 for PLSHQC, 5.32 for SWSHQEC, and 6.03 for SWSHQEC. From the thermal analysis, the onset of the degradation of all the cellulose occurred at different temperatures: 247.10? (PLSHQC), 253.38? (PLSHQEC), 240.20? (SWSHQC) and 242.58? (SWSHQEC). The increase in yield, higher crystallinity index, and smaller fiber diameter of the cellulose demonstrated anthraquinone as a better additive to produce quality cellulose that would undergo easy chemical modification.
Perspectives of Students, Teachers and Parents on the WhatsApp Platform Remedy for Covid-19 Learning Restrictions in Tanzania
Authors: S. Nyinondi Onesmo , W. Mwakapina Job
Published: May 2024

The study explored the WhatsApp platform's effectiveness as an alternative to traditional classroom learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania by examining parents, students, and teachers’ perspectives regarding its use in education. The study employed the descriptive survey design. The design was particularly useful as the researchers sought to explore patterns or trends of its use in education. The study sample comprised parents, students and teachers who voluntarily participated in the study, reflecting a range of viewpoints from Tanzanian school communities. The study involved 125 participants from four schools. Data were acquired through a combination of telephone interviews, online group discussions and an online questionnaire, providing a comprehensive understanding of the participants' experiences and opinions on the use of the platform during the pandemic. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were applied to the quantitative data, whereas qualitative data analysis employed the thematic approach. The results indicate that WhatsApp is an effective classroom-learning platform, facilitating connectivity among students, parents and teachers during the pandemic. The study highlights benefits like improved parental involvement, enhanced student inquiry skills and subject mastery. The study recommends integrating WhatsApp into the curriculum and, during teaching, combining it with other digital tools for comprehensive student-directed learning.
Catholic Church’s Efficacy in Alleviating Health Care Provision Normative Challenges in the Catholic Diocese of Kericho, Kenya
Authors: Chepng’eno Carolyne , Ahaya Ochieng Lukes , Nasambu Kassilly Janet
Published: May 2024

The study examined the efficacy of the Catholic Church in healthcare provision in Kericho Diocese, Kenya. It employed the descriptive research design to determine the respondent’s feelings and experiences in relation to the Catholic Church healthcare provision. A total of 384 randomly sampled primary respondents participated in the study through questionnaire. Additionally, key informants including the bishop, a medical coordinator, 9 priests, 4 healthcare personnel and 8 recovered patients were purposely selected for interviews. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively while qualitative data was analysed thematically. The study concludes that the teachings of the Catholic Church on healthcare provision centre on defence for human dignity, common good, solidarity and fundamental option for the poor. The teachings, however, were not fully reflected in the provision of the healthcare service in the Catholic Church healthcare facilities under investigation. Therefore, the church in the Diocese of Kericho has not been adequately effective in healthcare provision. Based on the conclusions, the study recommends that the Catholic Church health facilities in Kericho Diocese should provide health care services in accordance to the Catholic’s teachings on human dignity. The healthcare provision sector should implement personalist ethics of care by respecting the human person in the healthcare service provision.
Effect of Training on Chemistry Teachers’ Attitude toward the Comprehensive Assessment System in Secondary Schools of Gakenke District, Rwanda
Authors: Murekaze Balthazar , Gakuba Emmanuel
Published: May 2024

This study sought to establish the effect of training on chemistry teachers’ attitude toward the comprehensive assessment system in secondary schools of Gkenke District in Rwanda. This study adopted the descriptive research design. Data was collected through questionnaire. Analysis of data was done through descriptive statistics. Furthermore, chi-square test was used to establish the existing relationship between the variables. The study concludes that the majority of teachers were trained on how the comprehensive assessment is implemented. Also most of respondents involved in this study showed a positive attitude towards the CAS and its implementation. Furthermore, the positive attitudes and effective use of CAS in teaching and learning chemistry were found to be associated with training received by teachers. The trained teachers in CBC implementation and its assessment strategies supported the relevance and importance of this assessment strategy compared to those who didn’t receive the training. The study recommends that the districts should organize adequate trainings related to comprehensive assessment strategies to all teachers. There is a need to enhance teachers’ continuous professional development (CPD) at school level to promote good understanding of CAS. There is also a need to enhance the culture of peer collaboration among teachers (learning by experience where strong teachers may help weak ones) in CAS implementation.
Motives and Consequences of Premarital Cohabitation Practices among University Students in Iringa Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Krisostom Uhega Selina , Lubawa Dorothy , Mhewa Mariana
Published: May 2024

This study was done in order to establish motives and consequences of premarital cohabitation practices among university students in Iringa Municipality through qualitative research approach and phenomenological research design. Snowball and purposive sampling were used to obtain a representative sample of 36 students, 3 deans of students, 3 wardens, and 4 ministers of residences. The obtained data was subjected to thematic analysis and presented in quotes of respondents’ voices. The findings indicate that university students do cohabit to meet accommodation demands, not lose sexual lovers, exercise freedoms and acquire status from their peers, satisfy sexual urges and secure financial collaboration from partners. Furthermore, cohabitation leads students to encounter unplanned pregnancies, engage in abortions, attain poor academic performance, acquire sexual transmitted diseases, be subjected to physical and sexual abuse, emotional neglect and psychological disturbances. Therefore, it is recommended that students should not cohabit because the practice is associated with negative effects that may hinders life goals and expectations.
Metaverse Platformlarındaki Üç Boyutlu Sanal Ortam Tasarımı Tutarsızlıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Baş Sara , Toy Ertan
Published: May 2024

Fiziksel evren ile sanal evren arasında köprü işlevi gören metaverse, kendi sosyal ve ekonomik sistemine sahiptir. Metaverse içerisinde kullanıcıların sanal arsa alımı ve satışı yapıp bu sanal arsalara kendi mülklerini inşa etmeleri sanal mimari kavramını geliştirmiştir. Sanal mimari kavramı her ne kadar ortaya çıkmış olsa da kullanıcıların çoğu kendi dünyalarını kurarken estetik kaygı düşünmeden evren oluşturmaktadır. Metaverse evrenindeki tasarım tutarsızlığında fiziki dünyada olduğu gibi kullanıcılar tarafından estetik kaygı taşıdığı varsayılmıştır. Çalışmanın, metaverse platformlarındaki ortam tasarımlarında daha tutarlı ve etkili bir tasarım geliştirilmesine katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Spatial platformuna yüklenen metaverse ortamları içerisinden tasarım tutarsızlıkları içerenler amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiştir. Bu yöntem ile belirli bir hedef doğrultusunda seçimleri daraltmak ve istenilen amaçta sonuçlar elde etmek hedeflenmiştir. İstenilen amaçta olan ortam tasarımları içerisinden üç tanesi rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilip, her birine eşit şans verilmiştir. Seçilen ortamların Gestalt ilkeleri ve tasarım ögeleri bağlamında genel görünümleri ve tasarım stilleri incelenmiştir. Bu incelemede, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. İnceleme neticesinde metaverse platformunda tasarlanan mekanların zaman kavramı bakımından geçmiş, günümüz ve gelecek zaman dilimlerinin bir arada bulunduğu ve mekânın tasarım stilinden çıkarak farklı tasarım stillerinin bir arada kullanıldığı tasarım tutarsızlıkları görülmüştür. Bu tasarım karmaşası sonucunda ortam tasarımlarında, yüksek ve düşük poligonlu üç boyutlu modellerin aynı ortamda kullanılması tasarım tutarsızlığına neden olmaktadır. Metaverse platformunda kullanıcıların kendileri mekân tasarımı yapmasıyla birlikte tasarımlarda devamlılık ve bütünlük kaybolup görsel estetik kaygılarından uzaklaşıldığı görülmüştür. Yapılan araştırmada görsel uyumsuzlukların çözümlenebilmesi için ortam tasarımında Gestalt tasarım ilkelerinin ve tasarım ögelerinin referans alınması gerektiği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Proiectarea activităților interdisciplinare de învățare la treapta primară
Authors: FRANȚUZAN Ludmila , CEAPĂ Anghelina
Published: May 2024

The article addresses the issue of integrated learning, necessary to be applied in general education. Some conceptual approaches regarding integration and interdisciplinarity and the conditions for carrying out integration activities at the primary level of education are examined. An example of an integrated activity based on the literary text applied to the primary level is briefly presented, an activity that stimulates the student’s curiosity and desire for knowledge. We encourage the application of integrated learning activities both at the primary level and at other levels of education.
Sarcini orientate profesional – instrument eficient în predarea matematicii în școala profesională
Authors: PELIN Natalia
Published: May 2024

The article presents a series of professionally oriented mathematics tasks. It is demonstrated that their application can become the basis for the formation of the mathematical apparatus as a tool for mastering the profession. This type of tasks motivates students in vocational schools to learn the discipline of mathematics and develops professional skills.
Formarea competenței profesionale a elevilor în procesul de învățare a istoriei
Authors: BEREZOVSKA Viktoriia
Published: May 2024

The following research pays attention to formation of professional competences of students in the process of learning history. The process of professional formation during teaching history requires the teacher to have high-quality subject training, a creative attitude to organizing work with a map and other types of conditional visibility, because precisely under such conditions it is possible to reach the level of program requirements. In teaching history use the concept of „historical space” which is formed as a result of interaction social space with geographical and is an integral characteristic of historical social reality.
Dimensiunile psiho-pedagogice ale profesionalismului cadrului didactic
Authors: OVCERENCO Nadejda
Published: May 2024

The article presents the analysis of the psycho-pedagogical dimensions of the professionalism of the university teaching staff. According to the author, the professionalism of a university pedagogue is highlighted for the most part by his competence to build the basic structure of the teacher-student interaction, to resist paradoxes and to balance the effects of this interaction both for each individual student and for every university teaching staff.
Cultura învățării cadrelor didactice în contextul profesionalizării pedagogice
Authors: AFANAS Aliona
Published: May 2024

The article presents the culture of lifelong learning of teachers through educational policies and the views of various authors in the literature. The epistemological foundation of the teaching staff professionalization theory is based on the cognitive development of teachers, representing a synthesis of interactions between cognition, metacognition and social cognition, between thinking, intelligence and other complex cognitive initial processes. The methodological framework of pedagogical professionalization of teachers contains the methodological tools, mechanisms and ways of professionalization of teachers in the context of new social realities.
Relevanța formării competenței interculturale în învățământul profesional
Authors: VASILACHI Octavian
Published: May 2024

In this article we present to you some aspects of the training and development of intercultural competence in the instructive-educational process within technical vocational education. It is mentioned about the relevance of this competence and how appropriate it is for the process of professional socialization.
Dezvoltarea competenței emoționale - un obiectiv important în formarea profesională a cadrelor didactice
Authors: DOAGĂ Nadejda
Published: May 2024

Education is a priority area in the development of modern society to ensure a future focused on quality and values. In this context, an important goal is the training of qualified and competitive teaching staff. One of the pedagogical competences that requires a functional-strategic approach is the emotional competence that does not find the necessary relevance in the system of initial and continuous teachers’ formation. Emotional management skills, self-motivation, empathy, harmonious communication contribute to the creation of a beneficial learning environment, enhance the quality of the educational process and students’ performance. Emotional competence is an important factor in ensuring the professional success of the teaching staff.
Теоретические рекомендации по организации и работе комиссии по этике на уровне учреждения профессионально-технического образования
Authors: ГРАДИНАРЬ Оксана , ПЭДУРЯК Мариана
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to professional ethics, which is observed by the teaching staff of a vocational educational institution. Are listed the documents that define an effective ethical policy in the educational process. It has been established that the Ethics Commission monitors the observance of the Code of Professional Ethics of Teachers in the Vocational Education Institution. Is proposed a tentative plan for the activities of the ethics committee for the current year.
Învățământul dual. Justificare, premise juridice, precauții și limite pedagogice de concretizare
Authors: CUCOȘ Constantin
Published: May 2024

In this article, we propose an evaluation of the situation of dual education, as a way of professional-vocational training, from the perspective of legislative norms, pedagogical principles or prescriptions, but also of concrete educational realities, especially with reference to Romania and the Republic Moldova, but, of course, in direct connection with what is happening in European Union countries. We will bring to attention recent developments in this field, but we will also try to signal some doubts, limits or precautions related to the development and implementation of an authentic dual education, having as epistemological or praxeological premises the didactic, psychopedagogical, strategic principles and constraints.
Particularitățile activităților nonformale în cadrul cercurilor școlare în viziunea cadrelor didactice
Authors: ANDRIEȘ Vasile , COSUMOV Marina
Published: May 2024

The non-formal activity as an educational phenomenon allows the efficient and pleasant use of students’ free time, the development of associative life, the development of the abilities to work in a group and to cooperate in solving complex tasks, the development of the will and the formation of positive character traits. The purpose of non-formal activities within school circles consists in developing special skills, training students in activities as varied and rich in content as possible, cultivating interest in socio-cultural activities, facilitating integration into the school environment, providing support for school success as a whole, the fruition of personal talents and the correlation of skills with character attitudes. The activity within the school circles presents a series of particularities and is subject to specific pedagogical requirements that all teachers involved in this field must know and capitalize on. Here, the teaching staff will show a creative attitude, including, through the application of various methodologies, both in the way of carrying out the actual activities and, especially, in the relations/communication with the students.
Educația extrașcolară pentru democrație și drepturile omului în instituțiile de învățământ din Republica Moldova
Authors: POSȚAN Liliana
Published: May 2024

In the paper we analyze the methodological aspects of extracurricular education for democracy and human rights. We carry out a diachronic analysis of education for democracy and human rights, in the Republic of Moldova, we determine the status quo of education for democracy and human rights through extracurricular education resources, as a component of general education. We carry out a synthesis of the activity of circles in general education institutions based on the SIME Education Management Information System.
Rolul formativ al autoevaluării în cadrul cercurilor școlare
Authors: BOTEZATU Valeria
Published: May 2024

Self-assessment, as a learning tool in extracurricular education, provides students with a powerful means to understand their own learning, set goals, monitor their progress, and develop metacognitive skills. Therefore, self-assessment is not just an evaluation method but a philosophy that encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning process. This article highlights the theoretical aspects of self-assessment in the context of extracurricular activities, argues for the importance of the self-assessment process in the formation and personal development of students, and presents the results of a survey of teachers regarding their attitude towards students’ self-assessment within school clubs.
New approach to studying mathematics in the 7th grade within the New Ukrainian School project
Authors: SHKOLNYI Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

In the article we consider a new approach in studying math in 7th grade within the educational reform project “New Ukrainian School”. Particularly, we observe the methodological features of the mathematics textbook for the 7th grade of the author’s team consisting of Oleksandr Shkolnyi, Yevhen Nelin, Andrii Mylianyk, Yulia Prostakova. Emphasis is placed on the fundamental differences of this textbook, based on the model educational program of the same authors, from traditional Ukrainian mathematics textbooks for the 7th grade of secondary school.
Educational losses of students of basic secondary education: STEM in conditions of power outages
Authors: SIPII Volodymyr
Published: May 2024

The article describes the problem of educational losses and gains of students of general secondary education institutions with STEM, caused by power outages. Since the distance format was new for teachers and applicants for education, gaps in the knowledge and skills of applicants for education began to arise due to various factors (lack of gadgets, the internet, a separate place to study at home, etc.). The accumulation of gaps in knowledge and skills was cumulative and uneven in the context of different Educational Institutions. To prevent the accumulation of educational gaps among applicants for education and minimize educational losses, it is advisable to organize the educational process so that subject and key competencies are fully formed. The flagship for digitalization of the educational process in Institutions of General Secondary Education is STEM education, which has also gained achievements in these difficult conditions. In particular, it was the knowledge of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering that allowed educational applicants and their families to adapt to living conditions in the absence of stable energy supply.
Competențele-cheie: miză socială, context de formare și probleme de implementare
Authors: HADÎRCĂ Maria
Published: May 2024

The article examines the significance of key competencies in the context of postmodern education, argues for the need to reconfigure the current learning process towards the acquiring of key competencies, highlights the main factors that determine the quality of education and training centered on acquiring-developing competencies, and presents advanced solutions for addressing the challenges related to the implementation of this approach in the general education process in the Republic of Moldova.
Formation of speaking competences of students at professional english language classes
Authors: ZHELIASKOV Vasyl
Published: May 2024

The following article is concentrated on formation of speaking competences of students at professional English language classes. Language education in the world actualizes the competence-based approach to foreign language learning. The greater attention is paid to the problem of linguistic identity formation. The especial significance of the article is to underline the essence and level model of a linguistic personality, the development of such a personality components, such as national-linguistic consciousness, language abilities, language sense, and language-value orientation.
Învățarea școlară din perspectiva inteligențelor multiple
Authors: CRENGUȚA Simion
Published: May 2024

The quality of learning process is a real key in the transformation of education. So stimulating students to learn is the core of progress in education. Thus, the fundamental role of the school is to facilitate learning. The theory of Multiple Intelligences is gaining more and more ground, both in the educational environment and in society in general. This theory changes the perspective on students’ abilities. According to H. Gardner’s theory, all people possess certain types of intelligence, which are fixed in a certain area and in turn developed according to certain abilities, which can work both together and separately. Discovering the theory of Multiple Intelligences, which is applied to the classroom, allows the cultivation of talents, and these talents become real assets for guiding students throughout their schooling, and beyond. The advantage of knowing the bouquet of intelligences of students is that it permits the teaching staff to use the right approach in order to master a subject/discipline. This will generate for the student the pleasure and motivation to learn. With the help of multiple intelligences, the student will discover his strengths and talents: he will realize that he is smart, he will know what strengths he can rely on, and these, at the same time will fuel his self-esteem, which in turn will lead to better school performance.
Sugestii de utilizare a fotografiei ca sursă istorică vizuală la lecțiile de istorie
Authors: BOLDUMA Viorel
Published: May 2024

A competence specific to the discipline History of Romanians and universal for the gymnasium and high school cycle, is: Knowledge and interpretation of historical sources. Therefore, this article looks at photography as a visual historical source, as well as how we can use photography in history lessons, in the teaching-learning-assessment process. Visual sources play an important role in the understanding and knowledge of historical facts, thus developing the student’s imagination and critical thinking.
How to improve the quality of training future science teachers at a pedagogical university
Authors: DAVIDENKO Andrey
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of improving the quality of natural science teacher training at a pedagogical university. After posing the problems, the author sets out his vision of solving them. His proposals and conclusions are based on his own experience as a teacher at school, on his scientific research, and on many years of teaching at the Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education and Pedagogical University.
Experiencing occupational stress in employment in the educational system
Authors: LOSÎI Elena
Published: May 2024

Stress has become an indispensable part of our lives. Environmental demands are constantly rising and are affecting all spheres, including work. The activity of employees in the education system is far from easy. Not everyone manages to adapt to new changes, to the challenges of reality and hence the stress that affects their quality of life and professional performance. This article reflects the results of an experimental study undertaken on 90 employees in the education system, aged between 20 – 72 years, from early education institutions, theoretical gymnasiums and high schools in urban and rural areas. According to this research, 42.2% of education system employees have a high level of stress, while 3.3% experience an intense level. Teachers from preschool and high school institutions are the ones most affected by stress, while employees in middle institutions show a lower level of occupational stress.