bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMASSA DAN KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL TOTAL DAUN JAHE (Zingiber officinale L.) YANG MENGALAMI CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN
Authors: Ai Nio Song
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh cekaman kekeringan terhadap biomassa dan kandungan klorofil total daun pada jahe (Zingiber officinale L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 2 perlakuan dalam 3 ulangan. Tanaman jahe dengan 5 helai daun yang ditanam dalam polybag disirami sampai kapasitas lapang (kontrol) dan tidak disirami (kekeringan) selama 7 hari. Biomassa dan kandungan klorofil total daun diukur sebelum perlakuan kekeringan dimulai (hari ke-0) dan 7 hari setelah perlakuan kekeringan (hari ke-7). Pertambahan biomassa daun pada tanaman jahe kontrol 54% lebih besar daripada tanaman jahe yang mengalami kekeringan selama7 hari. Kekeringan selama 7 hari menurunkan kandungan klorofil total daun jahe. BIOMASS AND CONCENTRATION OF TOTAL CHLOROPHYLL ON GINGER (Zingiber Officinale L.) LEAF UNDER WATER DEFICITABSTRACTThe effect of water deficit on biomass and concentration of total chlorophyll was studied on ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) leaf. The experiment consisted of 1 cultivars grown in 2 water regimes, with 3 replicates, in a randomized complete block design. The two water regimes were well-watered (watered until field capacity) and water deficit obtained by withholding water on 5-leaf-ginger plants during 7 days. Biomass and concentration of total chlorophyll on ginger leaf were measured before water deficit treatment commenced (day 0) and 7 days after water deficit treatment (day 7). The increase of leaf biomass in control plants was 54% higher than in water-deficit plants and leaf total chlorophyll decreased 8% after 7-day-water-deficit.
LAJU DEGRADASI HABITAT MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM GUNUNG DUASUDARA SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Lengkong Hanry J.
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati keadaan habitat dan penyebaran monyet hitam sulawesi di Cagar Alam Gunung Duasudara, dan aktivitas masyarakat yang terkait dengan keberadaan monyet hitam sulawesi di sekitar kawasan. Pengamatan kondisi habitat (termasuk profil penggunaan stratum vegetasi) dan interaksi antara monyet hitam sulawesi dan penduduk sekitar kawasan telah dilakukan selama 4 bulan (Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2006). Metode pengamatan habitat difokuskan pada penggunaan stratum vegetasi dan pohon tidur monyet hitam sulawesi dan hasilnya digambarkan dalam bentuk diagram profil habitat. Wawancara kepada masyarakat sekitar kawasan juga dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi aktivitas masyarakat yang berhubungan dengan monyet hitam sulawesi. Dua stratum yang paling banyak digunakan untuk beraktifitas adalah stratum A dan B. Persentase pemanfaatannya yaitu sebesar 65,21%. Karakteristik pohon yang digunakan sebagai pohon tidur antara lain dekat dengan sumber pakan dan minum, pohon yang tinggi dan besar, serta mempunyai percabangan yang banyak. Penyebaran populasi monyet hitam sulawesi tergantung pada ketersediaan sumber pakan dan perlindungan di dalam hutan. Tanpa usaha mengurangi perburuan dan perambahan hutan, populasi ini akan mengalami kepunahan.Kata DEGRADATION RATE OF Macaca nigra HABITATIN DUASUDARA NATURE RESERVE, NORTH SULAWESIABSTRACTThis research aimed to observe habitat condition and distribution of sulawesi-black macaques (Macaca nigra) in Duasudara Nature Reserve, and society activities that were related to existence of these macaques. A survey was conducted on the habitat condition (including utilization profile of vegetation stratum) and the interaction between macaques and local people around the nature reserve in May – Agustus 2006. Methods of observing habitat focused on using vegetation stratum and trees for sleepingly macaques. The results were presented as diagram of habitat profile. Activities of local people that were related to macaques were obtained by interviewing these people. Two stratum (A and B) were frequently used, i.e. 65,21%. For sleeping, they preferred trees which were close to source of food and drink, high and big with many branches. Population distribution of macaques depended on the availability of food resources and protected area in the forest. The efforts to reduce hunting pressure and habitat loss are required to prevent macaques extinction.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI KEJADIAN PETIR DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Tongkukut Seni Herlina J.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan identifikasi potensi kejadian petir di Sulawesi Utara dengan menggunakan data hasil pendeteksian kejadian hari petir sejak tahun 2000 sampai 2008. Pendeteksian kejadian hari petir dilakukan oleh BMKG Sulawesi Utara di stasiun Manado, Bitung, Tondano, Naha dan stasiun Gorontalo. Data yang telah diolah disajikan dalam bentuk peta Iso Keraunik Level (IKL) yang menggambarkan tingkat potensi petir masing-masing daerah pengamatan. Diperoleh hasil bahwa Sulut banyak mengalami kejadian hari petir sepanjang tahun 2000-2008 khususnya Bolaang Mongondow Utara, Tondano dan Manado. Tingkat potensi petir tertinggi meliputi Bolaang Mongondow Utara dan Gorontalo sebesar 48% disusul Tondano 42% lalu Manado sebesar 38%, Bitung 17% dan terakhir Naha 11%. IDENTIFICATION OF THE POTENTIAL FOR LIGHTNINGOCCURRENCE IN NORTH SULAWESIABSTRACTIdentification of the potential for lightning occurrence in North Sulawesi using the data detection result from 2000 until 2008. The detection of lightning events were conducted by BMKG stations of Manado, Bitung, Tondano, Naha and Gorontalo. The processed data were presented in the map of the isocronic level that described the lightning potential level in each observation location. The results indicated that North Sulawesi experienced many lightning events during 2000-2008, especially in North Bolaang Mongondow, Tondano and Manado. The highest potential level of lightning was North Bolaang Mongondow as well as Gorontalo (48%), followed by Tondano (42%), Manado (38%), Bitung (17%), and the lowest was Naha (11%).
OPTIMISASI PEMBAGIAN TUGAS KARYAWAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HUNGARIAN
Authors: Paendong Marline , Prang Jantje D.
Published: July 2019

Hal penting yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penugasan karyawan pada “Lia Fashion Komo Luar” adalah bagaimana kondisi penugasan agar kelebihan biaya produksi minimum sedangkan pada “Man Taylor” adalah bagaimana kondisi penugasan agar waktu produksi minimum. Dengan menggunakan metode Hungarian diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: penugasan karyawan pada “Lia Fashion Komo Luar” agar kelebihan biaya produksi minimum adalah karyawan A ditugaskan menjahit seragam pramuka putri, karyawan B ditugaskan menjahit seragam SMA putri, dan karyawan C menjahit baju pegawai sedangkan pada “Man Taylor” agar waktu produksi minimum adalah karyawan A ditugaskan menjahit baju kebaya, karyawan C ditugaskan menjahit rok kebaya, karyawan D ditugaskan menjahit celana panjang, karyawan E ditugaskan menjahit rok pendek, karyawan F ditugaskan mejahit pakaian dinas harian (PDH), dan karyawan G ditugaskan menjahit baju kemeja. OPTIMIZATION OF DISTRIBUTION WORKER ASSIGNMENTUSING HUNGARIAN METHODABSTRACTThe Important point to be observe the worker assignment on “Lia Fashion Komo Luar” is how to condition of the assignment for minimum production cost advantages. While in “Man Taylor” is how the condition of the assignment for minimum production time. To simplify the assignment of these worker, there is a operation research method is the Assignment Problem using the Hungarian method. Assignment Problem is one case in the business world relating to the optimal assignment in which the number of worker equal to number of tasks to be done. Hungarian method is one technique for solving assignment problem consider the observation and problem formulation analysis afterwords by modifying the assignment table to the matrix of effectiveness in order to obtain optimal conditions. The results obtained by assignment of the right worker on the “Lia Fashion Komo Luar” for a minimum production cost advantage the worker A was assigned to sew scout uniform girls, worker B was assigned to sew school uniform girls, and worker C was assigned to sew officer clothes. While in “Man Taylor” for minimum production time the worker A was asiigned to sew kebaya clothes, worker C was assigned to sew kebaya skirt, worker D was assigned to sew trousers, worker E was assigned to sew short dress, worker F was assigned to sew PDH clothes, and worker G was assigned to sew shirt clothes.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS HARIAN DUA KELOMPOK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS, SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Katili Deidy , Saroyo Saroyo
Published: July 2019

PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS HARIAN DUA KELOMPOK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS, SULAWESI UTARA Deidy Katili 1) dan Saroyo 1) 1)Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Manado 95115; e-mail: saroyos@yahoo.com   ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perbandingan aktivitas harian dua kelompok monyet hitam Sulawesi (Macaca nigra) di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Sulawesi Utara dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan frekuensi aktivitas harian pada kondisi habitat yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2009 pada dua kelompok Macaca nigra terhabituasi, yaitu kelompok Rambo I (KRI) dan kelompok Rambo II (KRII). KRI lebih banyak menempati hutan primer, sedangkan KRII lebih banyak menempati hutan sekunder dan semak belukar. Aktivitas harian dibedakan menjadi 5 kelas, yaitu makan (feeding), mencari makan (foraging), berpindah (moving), istirahat (resting), dan sosial (social). Data aktivitas harian diambil dengan menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dengan interval 2 menit dari jam 06.00 sampai jam 18.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua kelompok memiliki frekuensi aktivitas yang berbeda tetapi hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan frekuensi aktivitas makan kedua kelompok tersebut tidak berbeda nyata. Aktivitas terbanyak yang dilakukan oleh kedua kelompok tersebut adalah makan. Kata kunci: aktivitas harian, cagar alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Macaca nigra,     COMPARISON OF DAILY ACTIVITIES BETWEEN TWO GROUPS OF SULAWESI-CRESTED-BLACK-MACAQUES (Macaca nigra) AT TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS NATURE RESERVE, NORTH SULAWESI ABSTRACTThe comparison of daily activities between two groups of Sulawesi-crested-black-macaques (Macaca nigra) was studied at Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi. This study aimed to analyze the different of daily activities frequency in the different habitat condition. This research was conducted on two habituated group in January to December 2009.  The first group was Rambi I that was accupied in the primary forest and the second group was  that was occupied in the secondary forest as well as in the shurb.  The daily activities were grouped into 5 classes, i.e. feeding, foraging, moving, resting, and social. Daily activity data were collected using focal-animal- sampling from 06.00 a.m. to 06.00 p.m with 2 minutes interval.  The results showed the different frequency of daily activities between the groups, however, the differences were not significant based on Chi-Square test.  The highest frequency of daily activity was feeding. Keywords: daily activities, Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, Macaca nigra
STUDY OF BIO-ETHANOL PREPARATION FROM ARENGA PALM SUGAR
Authors: Sangian Hanny F , Tongkukut Seni
Published: July 2019

STUDY OF BIO-ETHANOL PREPARATION FROM ARENGA PALM SUGAR Hanny F. Sangian1), Seni Tongkukut1) 1) Deptartment of Physics, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado 95115 ABSTRACT This study purposes to prepare bio ethanol by using two column reflux distillation. In North Sulawesi has been known a very potential crop for yielding bio ethanol, is palm crop. Palm crops more productive than cane in yielding sugar and bio fuel per hectare. Its productivity about 4-8 times compared to cane, and its sugar rendement 14%, while cane only 7%.  Based on this research were obtained the tapping process should be conducted by unique sequential steps in order to reach pH 8 and brix 12-14% of juice. By using of saccharomyzes ceraviseze and traditional technology was obtained fermented liquor with rate 35–42%. Prior to preparation two column reflux distillation apparatus had been designed and constructed successfully to prepare bio ethanol. Testing of bio ethanol preparation also is carried out by using two column distillation methods. Bio ethanol preparation used beer fermented from palm juice.  High purity bio ethanol has been prepared successfully so far at Renewable Energy Lab University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. Surprised results were found that the ethanol purity varied from 95% to 99%. The highest purity is at of 99% by maintaining the column temperature of 78.5oC while purity of 95% is of 78.7oC Keywords: ethanol two column reflux distillation , fermentation,  palm juice   STUDI PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI NIRA AREN ABSTRAK Studi ini bermaksud untuk membuat bio ethanol dengan menggunakan teknik destilasi dua kolom. Di Sulawesi Utara Indonesia  telah dikenal tumbuhan yang dapat menghasilkan bio etanol yang disebut aren (arenga pinnata). Tumbuahan ini adalah lebih produktif menhasilkan gula dari pada tebu dilihat dari jumlah per hektarnya. Produktivitasnya adalah sekitar 4-8 kali dari pada tebu dengan rendemen gulanya sekitar 14%, sementara tebu hanya 7%. Berdasarkan hasil studi diperoleh bahwa proses penyadapan harus dilakukan dengan tahapan yang unik pada pH 8 dan brix 12-14%. Dengan menggunakan saccharomyzes ceraviseze dan teknologi tradisional diperoleh beer dengan kadar 35–42%. Sebelum pembuatan etanol, didahului dengan desain dan konstruksi peralatan destilasi refluks dua kolom. Dari hasil pembuatan didapat hasil yang sangat baik. Bio etanol kemurnian tinggi telah diperoleh dengan sukses selam studi ini. Hasil mengejutkan diperoleh bahwa kemurnian etanol bervariasi dari 95% sampai 99%. Kemurnian tertinggi adalah pada 99%dengan mempertahankan temperatur kolom 78.5oC sementara kemurnian 95% adalah pada 78.7oC. Kata kunci: fermentasi, air nira, etanol, destilasi dua kolom
Optimasi Efisiensi Kolom dalam Kromatografi Menggunakan Visual Basic 2008
Authors: Koleangan Harry S.J
Published: July 2019

OPTIMASI EFISIENSI KOLOM  DALAM KROMATOGRAFI MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL BASIC 2008 ABSTRAK Telah dibuat sebuah program aplikasi yang ditujukan untuk optimasi efisiensi kolom yang digunakan dalam pemisahan secara kromatografi. Parameter-parameter untuk optimasi ini dianalisis menggunakan metode eliminasi Gauss dalam bentuk program komputer yang ditulis menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic 2008 Express Edition. Penggunaan program ini terhadap suatu data sekunder memberikan hasil efisiensi kolom optimum, yang dinyatakan sebagai tinggi plat teoritis (H) terkecil, sebesar 0,0223 cm yang dicapai pada laju alir optimum 20,6 cm/det. Kata kunci: Efisiensi kolom, eliminasi Gauss, persamaan van Deemter, Visual Basic 2008   OPTIMIZATION OF COLUMN EFFICIENY IN CHROMATOGRAPHY USING VISUAL BASIC 2008 ABSTRACT An application program to optimize  column efficiency in chromatographic separation had been developed. Optimization parameters were analyzed using Gauss elimination method which was written in the form of a computer program using Visual Basic 2008 Express Edition programming language. Application of the program on the secondary data gave the optimum column efficiency, which was represented as height equivalent to a theoritical plate (H), of 0,0223 cm which was achieved at optimum flow rate of 20,6 cm/det Keywords: Column efficiency, Gauss elimination, van Deemter equation, Visual Basic 2008
ANALISA WAKTU PEMUTUSAN KRITIS SUATU SISTEM KELISTRIKAN
Authors: Bijang Nathaniel L
Published: July 2019

ANALISA  WAKTU PEMUTUSAN KRITIS SUATU SISTEM KELISTRIKAN  ABSTRAK Kestabilan adalah kemampuan mesin sinkron dari sistem tenaga listrik untuk mencapai kondisi stabil pada kondisi operasi baru yang sama atau identik dengan kondisi sebelum terjadi gangguan. Umumnya analisa kestabilan terbagi dalam dua kategori yaitu kestabilan steady  state yaitu analisa sistem untuk kembali ke kondisi stabil setelah mengalami gangguan kecil dan kestabilan transient yaitu analisa sistem untuk kembali ke kondisi normal/stabil setelah mengalami gangguan besar. Studi/analisa stabilitas sangat diperlukan saat perencanaan pembangkit  dan transmisi.   Analisa/studi stabilitas  sistem tenaga listrik membantu untuk menentukan setting waktu on/off relai proteksi , waktu pemutusan kritis circuit breaker, level tegangan dan kapasitas transfer diantara sistem-sistem. Kata kunci: Mesin sinkron, stabilitas, waktu pemutusan kritis  CRITICAL CLEARING TIME ANALYSIS ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM ABSTRACT The stability problem is concerned with the behavior of the synchronous machines after  a disturbance. Transient stability studies are needed to ensure the system can withstand the transient condition following a major disturbance. Frequently,such studies are conducted when new generating and transmitting facilities are planned. The studies are helpful  in determining such things as the nature of the relaying system needed, critical clearing time of circuit breakers, voltage level of, and transfer capability between systems. Keywords: Synchronous machine, stability, critical clearing time
INSIDENSI PENYAKIT DARAH PISANG DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Maramis Redsway T.D.
Published: July 2019

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ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN PENENTUAN NILAI LC50 EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN LIWAS
Authors: Sumihe Gerry , Runtuwene Max R. J. , Rorong Johnly A.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Penentuan nilai LC50 dari ekstrak metanol daun liwas menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) terhadap hewan indikator udang Artemia salina menunjukkan nilai LC50 dari  A. salina bersifat sangat toksik.Nilai LC50 yang didapatkan sebesar 15,696 mg/L. Nilai LC50 ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode SPSS 20.0.Ekstrak metanol daun liwas mengandung kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin dan saponin sebagai hasil uji fitokimia. Kata kunci: BSLT, Daun Liwas, Metabolit Sekunder,LC50.   PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND DETERMINING LC50 VALUE OF LIWAS LEAVE METHANOL EXTRACT ABSTRACT Determination of LC50 of methanol extract of leaves liwas using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) against animal indicator shrimp Artemia salina showed LC50 values of  A. salina is highly toxic. LC50 values were obtained at 15.696 mg / L. LC50 values determined using SPSS 20.0. Liwas leaf methanol extract contains compounds secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins and saponins as phytochemical test results. Keywords: BSLT, Leaves Liwas, Secondary Metabolites, LC50.
PEMODELAN KONTROL SUHU, TEKANAN, DAN LAJU ALIRAN UAP PADA KONDENSOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KONTROL LOGIKA FUZZY
Authors: Sigarlaki Alviano Markus , Kolibu Hesky Stevy , Suoth Verna Albert
Published: July 2019

PEMODELAN KONTROL SUHU, TEKANAN, DAN LAJU ALIRAN UAP PADA KONDENSOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KONTROL LOGIKA FUZZY  ABSTRAK Kondensor adalah komponen pendingin yang digunakan dalam sistem PLTP Lahendong untuk mengubah uap menjadi air. Banyak hal yang terjadi pada kondensor seperti kevakuman tekanan kondensor yang sering naik turun, serta laju aliran uap dari turbin yang tidak stabil. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi efisiensi kerja kondensor. Pemodelan kontrol suhu, tekanan dan laju aliran uap pada kondensor dengan menggunakan kontrol logika fuzzy, dilakukan untuk memperoleh efisiensi yang baik pada proses kerja kondensor. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari PLTP Lahendong yang diolah dan dianalisis dengan software logika fuzzy menurut aturan rule yang ditentukan. Hasil dan analisis tersebut dipakai untuk melihat keefektifan hubungan antara input dan output. Hasil pengontrolan fuzzy dapat menunjukkan stabilitas dan keefektifan yang terjamin. Hal ini terlihat pada volume air kondensor yang cenderung stabil dengan nilai error pada RMSE adalah 0.7847. Kata kunci : Model Logika Fuzzy, Kondensor, Kontrol Logika Fuzzy   DESIGN TEMPERATURE CONTROL PRESSURE STEAM FLOW RATE IN THE CONDENSER USED FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL ABSTRACT Condenser is cooling components used in the system PLTP Lahendong to change steam into water. Many things that happen in the condenser such as vacuum condenser pressure is often up and down, also the flow rate of the steam turbine unstable. This can affect the efficiency of the condenser. Design control temperature, pressure and flow rate of steam in the condenser by using fuzzy logic control, performed to obtain a good efficiency in the work process condenser. This study uses secondary data from PLTP Lahendong processed and analyzed with fuzzy logic software according to the rules specified rule. Results and analysis are used to see the effectiveness of the relationship between inputs and outputs. The results of fuzzy control can demonstrate the stability and effectiveness are guaranteed. This can be seen in the volume of water condenser with a stable trend in the RMSE error value is 0.7847. Keywords : Design Fuzzy Logic, Condenser, Control Fuzzy Logic
VARIASI ZONA LEMAH STRUKTUR INTERNAL GUNUNG LOKON BERDASARKAN STUDI SEISMO-VULKANIK
Authors: Anthe Silvester , Pasau Guntur , Tanauma Adey
Published: July 2019

VARIASI ZONA LEMAH STRUKTUR INTERNAL GUNUNG LOKON BERDASARKAN STUDI SEISMO-VULKANIKABSTRAK Indonesia merupakan negara gunungapi dengan jumlah gunungapi aktif terbanyak di dunia yaitu 129 buah yang tersebar di jalur Cincin Api (Ring of fire) Pasifik dan sekitar 8% berada di Propinsi Sulawesi Utara. Gunung Lokon merupakan salah satu dari 129 buah gunungapi aktif di Indonesia yang sering erupsi dan mengalami perubahan Zona lemah sejak tahu 1829. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan untuk posisi kantung magma gunung Lokon dan variasi zona lemah struktur internal gunung Lokon. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari PVMBG pos PGA Lokon-Mahawu Kakaskasen, Tomohon. Hasil dan analisis tersebut dipakai sebagai sumber mitigasi bencana dan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan kegunungapian. Kata Kunci : zona lemah gunung Lokon, Gunung Lokon,   WEAK ZONE VARIATION INTERNAL STRUCTURE MOUNT LOKON BASED ON SEISMO-VULCANIC STUDY ABSTRACT Indonesia is a volcanic country with the highest number of active volcanoes in the world that is 129 pieces scattered in the path of the Ring of Fire (Ring of Fire) Pacific and about 8% is in the province of North Sulawesi. Mount Lokon is one of 129 pieces of active volcanoes in Indonesia are often erupted and weak zone changes since out 1829. In this research, to position of Lokon mountain magma chamber and internal structure variations weak zone Lokon mountain. This study uses secondary data from PVMBG post PGA Lokon -Mahawu Kakaskasen, Tomohon. Results and analysis are used as a source of disaster mitigation and development of science volcanology. Keywords: Mount Lokon weak zone, Mount Lokon.
PENGUKURAN KONSENTRASI PARTIKEL ASAP ROKOK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN P-TRAK
Authors: Suoth Verna Albert , Bobanto Maria D.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi partikel pada asap rokok pada beberapa sampel rokok yang menggunakan filter dan sampel rokok tersebut merupakan rokok yang beredar di Indonesia. Ada 4 sampel rokok berfilter yang digunakan yakni filter x, filter B, filter DE, dan filter DF. Jumlah konsentrasi partikel asap rokok diukur dengan menggunakan P-Track. Hasil penelitian yang di dapat bervariasi bergantung dari karakteristik filter yang ada pada masing-masing rokok tersebut. Konsentrasi partikel asap rokok yang terukur dengan menggunakan beberapa filter didapatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan Filter B akan mendapatkan konsentrasi partikel paling tinggi yaitu 384.100 pt/cc sedangkan Filter DE konsentrasi partikel 234.000 pt/cc untuk Filter DF konsentrasi partikel 204.400 pt/cc dan Filter X konsentrasi partikel 43.320 pt/cc. Faktor emisi partikel asap rokok yang dikeluarkan oleh batang rokok filter B lebih besar dibanding dengan filter lain oleh karena pada masing-masing filter memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda sehingga asap yang dikeluarkan akan sangat berbeda. Dari data tersebut dapat diketahui tingkat bahaya partikel asap rokok sebanding dengan banyaknya asap rokok yang masuk ke detector. Kata kunci: P-Trak, konsentrasi Partikel, asap rokok   SMOKE PARTICLE CONCENTRATION MEASURING USING P-TRAK ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the concentration of particles in cigarette smoke in some samples of cigarettes and cigarette samples using the filter is a cigarette that circulated in Indonesia. There are 4 samples of filtered cigarettes used the filter x, filter B, filter DE, and DF filter. The amount of smoke particle concentrations were measured by using the P-Track. Results of research on may vary depending on the characteristics of the existing filter on each of these cigarettes. The concentration of particles of cigarette smoke measured by using multiple filters found that by using Filter B will get a concentration of particles highest of 384.100 pt/cc while Filter DE particle concentration of 234.000 pt/cc to filter DF particle concentration 204.400 pt/cc and Filter X concentration of particles 43.320 pt/cc. Cigarette smoke particles emission factors released by cigarette filter rod B is greater than the other filters because at each filter has different characteristics so that the smoke released will be very different. From these data it can be seen the danger level of cigarette smoke particles is proportional to the number of cigarette smoke coming into the detector. Keywords: P-Trak, the concentration of particles, cigarette smoke
PENENTUAN PERCEPATAN GRAVITASI LOKAL DI UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI MANADO BERDASARKAN TEORI GETARAN HARMONIK
Authors: Mosey Handy Indra Regain , Lumi Benny Max
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan besarnya nilai percepatan gravitasi lokal di Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode campuran yakni dengan perhitungan secara teoritis dengan menggunakan Hukum Gravitasi Newton dan Hukum II Newton dan metode eksperimen menggunakan bandul/ayunan matematis yang di dalamnya terdapat analisis numerik dan perhitungan galat/error. Dari analisis data eksperimen yang dilakukan didapatkan nilai gravitasi lokal dengan nilai glokal = (9,799±0,001) m/s2. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya referensi mengenai penentuan nilai gravitasi bumi di daerah yang dekat dengan ekuator. Kata-kata kunci: Nilai Gravitasi lokal, Hukum Newton, Ayunan Matematis. DETERMINING SAM RATULANGI UNIVERSITY’S LOCAL GRAVITY ACCELERATION BASED ON HARMONIC OSCILLATION THEORY ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to determine the value of the local gravitational acceleration at the Sam Ratulangi University in Manado. The method used in this research is a combined method.  Theoretical calculations uses the Newton's Law of Gravitation and Newton's Second Law and the experimental method uses a pendulum swing in which there are mathematical numerical analysis and calculation errors/error. Result from data analysis shows the value of local gravitation is glocal=(9,799±0,001) m/s2. The results of this study are expected to enrich reference of determining the value of earth local gravity in an area near to the equator. Keywords: Local Gravitational Value, Newton’s Law, Pendulum.
Studi Penurunan Kadar Logam Besi (Fe) dan Logam Tembaga (Cu) pada Air Embung Menggunakan Adsorben Nanosilika
Authors: Wibowo Emas Agus Prastyo , Hardyanti Ika Sri , Nurani Isni , Hardjono HP Dyan Septyaningsih , Rizkita Aden Dhana
Published: July 2019

STUDI PENURUNAN KADAR LOGAM BESI (Fe) DAN LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu) PADA AIR EMBUNG MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN NANOSILIKAABSTRAKPolusi limbah logam berat dalam air merupakan satu permasalahan lingkungan yang penting. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dapat dilakukan purifikasi terhadap air tersebut. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk purifikasi limbah sangat beragam salah satunya adalah absorpsi. Secara umum metode absorpsi telah banyak digunakan dalam purifikasi air limbah. Metode absorpsi dapat menurunkan kadar logam yang terlarut pada limbah. cair dengan cara menyerap logam-logam tersebut ke dalam permukaan absorbennya. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah  untuk menurunkan konsentrasi logam besi (Fe) dan tembaga (Cu) menggunakan adsorben nanosilika. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel bebas yaitu waktu pengadukan (20 menit, 40 menit, dan 60 menit). Hasil akhir filtrat air embung kemudian diukur absorbansinya menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom. Berdasarkan hasil analisa menggunakan instrumen SSA diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak terjadi penurunan logam Fe maupun Cu. Dalam hal ini terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi dalam logam Fe maupun Cu, hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya waktu pengadukan dan pengaruh dari adsorben nanosilika.Kata Kunci: limbah, logam berat, nanosilika STUDY OF DECREASING METALS IRON (Fe) AND COPPER (Cu) ON EMBUNG WATER USE OF NANOSILICA ADSORBEN ABSTRACTHeavy waste pollution of heavy metals in the water is an important environment issue. To solve the problem, its can be purified the water. The methods that can be used for waste purification are very diverse, one of which is absorption. In general, the method of absorption has been widely used in wastewater purification. The absorption method can decrease dissolved metal content in the waste. liquid by absorbing the metals into the absorbent surface. Research has been conducted to reduce the concentration of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) by using nanosilica adsorbent. This research used to independent variable that is stirring time (20 minutes, 40 minutes, and 60 minutes). The final result of filtrate embung water then measured its absorbance using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Based on the result of the analysis using SSA instrument, it is found that there is no decrease of Fe and Cu metals. There are several reasons for those problem such as due to lack of stirring time and the influence of nanosilica adsorbent.Keywords: Waste pollution, heavy metal, nanosilica
PRODUKSI SABUN MANDI TRANSPARAN BERBAHAN BAKU VCO MENGANDUNG KAROTENOID TOMAT
Authors: Momuat Lidya Irma , Wuntu Audy Denny
Published: July 2019

PRODUKSI SABUN MANDI TRANSPARAN BERBAHAN BAKU VCOMENGANDUNG KAROTENOID TOMAT ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk produksi sabun mandi transparan dengan memanfaatkan VCO mengandung karotenoid tomat (VCO+tmt), serta menentukan kombinasi gliserol, etanol dan sukrosa yang optimum untuk bereaksi dengan VCO+tmt menghasilkan sabun transparan yang karakteristiknya memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) no. 06-35321994 bagi sabun mandi.  Sabun mandi transparan dibuat menurut metode Cognis (2003), dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi gliserol, etanol dan sukrosa (formula A, B, dan C). Produk sabun transparan dikarakterisasi menurut metode SNI no. 06-35321994 bagi sabun mandi, serta diamati warna, transparansi, kekerasan dan stabilitas busanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa VCO+tmt dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan sabun mandi transparan, dengan bilangan penyabunan VCO+tmt sebesar 225,37.  Karakteristik sabun transparan yang dihasilkan berwarna orange kekuningan, transparansi dan tekstur formula C lebih baik daripada A dan B, serta stabilitas busa sabun formula A, B dan C berturut-turut 89,29%, 96,88%, dan 93,10%. Kadar air, jumlah asam lemak dan asam lemak bebas dari sabun formula A, B dan C belum memenuhi SNI, sedangkan untuk kadar alkali bebas dan minyak mineral telah memenuhi SNI.  Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa karakteristik sabun transparan berbahan baku VCO+tmt formula C lebih baik daripada formula A dan B, namun belum memenuhi SNI no. 06-35321994.Kata kunci: etanol, gliserol, sabun transparan, sukrosa, tomat, VCO  PRODUCTION OF TRANSPARENT BATH SOAP FROM VCOCONTAINING TOMATO CAROTENOID ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to produce transparent bath soap by utilizing VCO containing tomato carotenoids (VCO+tmt), and to determine the optimum combination of glycerol, ethanol and sucrose reacted with VCO+tmt to produce transparent soap which meet requirements by Indonesian National Standard (SNI) no. 06-35321994 for bath soap. Transparent bath soaps were prepared according to Cognis (2003) method, by varying the concentrations of glycerol, ethanol and sucrose (formulas A, B, and C). Transparent soap products were characterized according to SNI method no. 06-35321994 for bath soap, and were observed for the color, transparency, hardness and stability of the foam. The results showed that VCO+tmt could be used in making transparent bath soap, with saponizing number VCO tmt equal to 225,37. Soap produced had orange color, transparent, the texture of C was better than A and B, and the stability of soap formulas A, B and C were 89.29%, 96.88%, and 93.10%, respectively. Water content, the amount of fatty acids and free fatty acids from soap of formula A, B and C did not meet SNI requirements, but free alkali and mineral oil met the requirements. It was concluded that the characteristics of transparent soap made from raw VCO+tmt formula C was better than formula A and B, but did not meet conditions required by SNI no. 06-35321994. Keywords: ethanol, glycerol, transparent soap, sucrose, tomato, VCO
CUBIC AND QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL ON JULIA SET WITH TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
Authors: Titaley Jullia , Manurung Tohap , Titaley Henriette D
Published: July 2019

CUBIC AND QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL ON JULIA SET WITH TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONABSTRACTJulia set are defined by iterating a function of a complex number and is generated from the iterated function . We investigate in this paper the complex dynamics of different functions and applied iteration function system to generate an entire new class of julia set. The purpose of this research is to make variation of Cubic and Quadratic polynomial on Julia Set and the two obvious to investigate from julia set are Sine and Cosine function. The results thus obtained are innovative and studies about different behavior of two basic trigonometry.Keywords : Julia Set, trigonometric function, polynomial function  POLINOMIAL  KUBIK DAN KUADRATIK PADA HIMPUNAN JULIA DENGAN FUNGSI TRIGONOMETRI ABSTRAKHimpunan Julia didefiniskan oleh fungsi iterasi dari bilangan kompleks dan dibangkitkan dari fungsi iterasi . Kami melakukan penelitian dalam penulisan ini tentang sistem dinamik kompleks dari fungsi yang berbeda dengan iterasi yang diterapkan untuk menghasilkan kelas baru dari himpunan Julia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuah kelas baru himpunan Julia dengan fungsi polinomial kubik dan kuadratik dengan fungsi sinus dan kosinus. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini ada menemukan inovatif baru dari himpunan Julia dengan menggunakan dua fungsi trigonometri.Kata kunci: Julia set, fungsi trigonometri, fungsi polinomial
EKSISTENSI RUANG VEKTOR ATAS LAPANGAN TERHADAP MODUL BEBAS
Authors: Tambayong Chrisanty Y , Titaley Jullia , Tumilaar Rinancy
Published: July 2019

EKSISTENSI RUANG VEKTOR ATAS LAPANGANTERHADAP MODUL BEBAS ABSTRAKModul merupakan perluasan dari ruang vektor.  Suatu Ruang vektor  atas lapangan  merupakan suatu himpunan vektor – vektor dengan dua operasi yaitu penjumlahan dan perkalian dengan skalar. Sebarang ruang vektor atas lapangan  dapat dipandang sebagai modul atas ring  Tetapi tidak semua modul dapat dinyatakan sebagai ruang vektor atas lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan counter example bahwa tidak semua modul merupakan ruang vektor atas lapangan.  Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap modul yang memiliki basis merupakan ruag vektor atas lapangan adalah modul bebas.Kata kunci : Ruang vektor, modul, dan modul bebas THE EXISTENCE OF VECTOR SPACE OVER A FIELD OF FREE MODULE ABSTRACTModule is an extension of a vector space. A vector space over a field  is a set of vectors with two binary operation. The binary operation  is addition and scalar multiplication. A vector space is a module over a field, many of basic concepts that we defined for vector space can also be defined module. But it’s not all module vector space over a field. The purpose of this tesis is for give counter example that it’s not all module vector space over a field.  From the result of this research show that a module have bases is vector space over a field is free module.Keywords : vector space, module, free module
IDENTIFICATION OF -308 TNF-α PROMOTER SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM IN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SMOKERS
Authors: Pollo Gracia A.V. , Rumende Rooije R.H. , Tallei Trina E.
Published: July 2019

IDENTIFICATION OF -308 TNF-α PROMOTER SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM IN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SMOKERS ABSTRACTTumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that play a role in the inflammatory process, immune system development, and apoptosis. This protein is encoded by the TNF-α gene. Several studies had linked the presence of polymorphisms in the TNF-α promoter region with susceptibility to the onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in active and passive smokers. This study aimed to identify and analyze the nucleotide polymorphism in TNF-α gene promoter regions in active and passive smokers in Manado. The method used in this study included blood sampling, DNA extraction, amplification of -308 TNF-α promoter region, sequencing and data analysis. The softwares used for data analysis were Geneious, Multalin, Clustal Omega and DnaSP. DnaSP was used to compute the level of polymorphism based on haplotype statistics. The results did not show single nucleotide polymorphism at position -308 in TNF-α gene promoters in active and passive smokers. This was because at that position, the nucleotides were both in the form of guanosine monophosphate and there were no mutation caused by cigarette smoke exposure.Keywords: active smoker, passive smoker, single nucleotide polymorphism, TNF-α promoter DETEKSI POLIMORFISME NUKLEOTIDA TUNGGAL-308 PROMOTERTNF-α PADA PEROKOK AKTIF DAN PASIF ABSTRAKTumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) merupakan salah satu sitokin pro-inflamasi yang berperan dalam proses inflamasi, perkembangan sistem imun, dan apoptosis. Protein ini dikode oleh gen TNF-α. Beberapa penelitian telah mengkaitkan adanya polimorfisme pada daerah promoter TNF-α dengan kerentanan terhadap timbulnya chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pada perokok aktif maupun pasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis polimorfisme nukleotida tunggal pada posisi -308 dari promoter gen TNF-α perokok aktif dan pasif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengambilan sampel darah, ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi daerah -308 promoter gen TNF-α, sekuensing serta analisis data. Analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak Geneious, BLAST, Multalin, Clustal Omega dan DnaSP. Perangkat DnaSP akan mengkomputasi tingkat polimorfisme berdasarkan statistik haplotype-based. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa polimorfisme nukleotida tunggal pada posisi -308 dari promoter gen TNF-α antara perokok aktif dan pasif tidak ditemukan. Hal ini dikarenakan oleh pada posisi tersebut, nukleotidanya sama-sama berbentuk guanosin monofosfat dan tidak terjadi mutasi akibat pengaruh paparan asap rokok.Kata kunci: perokok aktif, perokok pasif, single nucleotide polymorphism, TNF-α promoter
BHL and Specimen Collection Data: The needle in the Festuca stack
Authors: Kalfatovic Martin R. , Rinaldo Constance
Published: July 2019

Data contained in the the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) describes collections held in the world's major museums. Finding those collections data, however, remains a challenge. A literal needle in a Festuca stack as some have noted. BHL is actively engaging in incorporating tools (including Digital Object Identifier's (DOI's)and the recently launched full-text search) to make finding and linking to collection specimen information better. Still, it is not easy to find specific collections information in the non-semantically tagged BHL content. This session will call for ideas on how to locate this content.. BHL is an international consortium, making research literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. The BHL was created in 2006 as a direct response to the needs of the taxonomic community for access to early literature. The original BHL organizational model, based on United States and United Kingdom partners, provided a template for what is now over 80 global partners. Through this extensive network of Members, Affiliates, and partners, over 56 million pages of biodiversity literature are available through the BHL portal. BHL changes the lives of researchers and assists the work of collections managers. By enhancing daily research at the Smithsonian and Harvard, BHL provides a global network of researchers with an easy-to-use digital library of content and services.
Projet d’une personne atteinte de sclérose latérale amyotrophique en phase palliative avancée
Authors: Gallois Marion , Saussac Camille , Guisset Olivier , Burucoa Benoît
Published: July 2019

Cette étude présente un patient atteint d’une sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) bulbaire en phase palliative symptomatique. Le Projet de Vie du patient était de participer à un hommage sportif organisé en son honneur dans les 10 jours. Lors de l’hospitalisation, le patient a présenté une détresse respiratoire aiguë sur pneumonie impliquant une démarche décisionnelle collégiale. L’adaptation des interventions thérapeutiques a permis de réaliser le Projet de Vie malgré une fin de vie proche. Le décès est survenu deux jours après l’hommage. Ce cas clinique permet d’illustrer l’interdisciplinarité au sein des équipes, et de discuter l’intrication synergique entre technique et relation.
Evaluation of the effect of a heat-killed lactic acid bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis 2001, on oral candidiasis
Authors: Yamazaki T. , Ushikoshi-Nakayama R. , Shirone K. , Suzuki M. , Abe S. , Matsumoto N. , Inoue H. , Saito I.
Published: July 2019

The effect of a preparation of heat-killed Gram-positive lactic acid bacteria Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) on oral candidiasis was evaluated by two studies. An in vitro study was performed to assess the inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Candida strains isolated from a patient with oral candidiasis, and a clinical study was done in patients with oral candidiasis. In the in vitro study, EF-2001 inhibited mycelial growth of IT-1, a Candida strain isolated from a patient with oral candidiasis, at concentrations ≥2.34×109 cells/ml. An open clinical study was performed in 13 patients with oral candidiasis. The subjects took a powder containing 7.5×1011 heat-killed EF-2001 once a day before bedtime for seven consecutive days. In 11 of the 12 patients available for analysis (92%), the oral Candida load (cfu/swab) showed a significant decrease (P=0.01079, d=-0.437). There was a 55% decrease of Candida albicans and a 93.8% decrease of Candida glabrata. The following symptoms showed significant improvement: tinnitus (P=0.048, d=-0.462), cold feeling (P=0.048, d=-0.463), and depression (P=0.019, d=-0.34). In addition, 4 out of 26 oral symptoms tended to improve. These results suggest that EF-2001 significantly decreased the oral Candida load in patients with oral candidiasis by inhibiting mycelial growth and that EF-2001 is an effective treatment for oral candidiasis.
Investigation into thoracic asymmetry in ridden horses
Authors: Merkies K. , Alebrand J. , Harwood B. , LaBarge K. , Scott L.
Published: July 2019

Progressive training of horses focusses on the muscular development and flexibility to both the right and the left. However anecdotal evidence suggests that horses are not symmetrically structured through the thoracic region and this may have effects on saddle fitting and performance. The aim of this research was to determine if asymmetry exists in the thoracic musculoskeletal structure of ridden horses by analysing retrospective data of saddle fits (n=490) obtained from a saddle fitting company. A flexible wither tracer tool was used to obtain tracings of wither shape. Each tracing yielded four repeatable points (two on the left; two on the right) measured from the midline at the highest and lowest points of the withers. Descriptive assessments of shoulder, wither, and back shape, and demographic information on both horse and rider were recorded. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared the means of the wither shape measurements. A GLIMMIX procedure identified relationships between the wither measurements, descriptive assessments, and horse and rider demographics. The means of measurements from the wither tracer tool showed almost 60% of horses having larger measurements on the left side (P<0.0001). There was no effect of horse breed, age, sex, height or level of training on wither measurements (P>0.05). Rider age, gender, height, weight and level of training did not affect wither measurements (P>0.05). These results show that horses are asymmetric in their thoracic structure with a majority of horses larger on their left side than the right. This asymmetry may be due to genetics, environment or training and should be considered when fitting a saddle to the horse.
Degradation of ochratoxin A by supernatant and ochratoxinase ofAspergillus niger W-35 isolated from cereals
Authors: Zhao M. , Wang X.Y. , Xu S.H. , Yuan G.Q. , Shi X.J. , Liang Z.H.
Published: July 2019

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced byAspergillus spp. andPenicillium spp. and poses a threat to food safety. Biodegradation may be a promising strategy for reducing the OTA contamination in the future. In this study,Aspergillus niger strain W-35 was isolated from cereals and studied for its ability to degrade OTA. Results showed that the supernatant of W-35 could degrade OTA bothin vitro and in commercial feeds after incubation at 37 °C for 12 h by 78.0 and 37.0%, respectively. Ochratoxin α (OTα) was assayed as a degradation product by HPLC-FLD. Furthermore, an enzyme specific for OTA degradation (ochratoxinase, OTase) obtained from W-35 was successfully expressed inEscherichia coli BL21, and degraded OTA at a rate of 85.1% for 12 h. These results indicated that this OTA degradation is enzymatic and that the responsible enzyme is extracellular OTase. Reliable degradation of OTA has the potential for wide-ranging applications in the food and feed industries.
El sistema de torres musulmanas en tapial de la Sierra de Segura (Jaén). Una contribución al estudio del mundo rural y el paisaje de al-Andalus
Authors: Quesada-García Santiago , Romero-Vergara Guadalupe
Published: July 2019

En el límite entre ġarb al-Andalus y šharq al-Andalus se ubica el valle formado por los ríos Guadalimar, Hornos y Trujala en la Sierra de Segura (Jaén). Un territorio en el que se unían los antiguos caminos medievales que llegaban de Sevilla (Ishibiya) y Granada (Gharnatah) para partir hacia Valencia (Balansiyya). En ese lugar aún subsiste un articulado sistema de torres de origen musulmán construidas en tapial durante el siglo XII. Este trabajo se centra en analizar sus características territoriales, formales y constructivas con el objetivo de documentarlas, establecer su cronología y proponer hipótesis sobre cuáles fueron sus usos y criterios de implantación. Para ello se contextualizan en su ámbito histórico y geográfico, se comparan con ejemplos peninsulares similares, se examinan los hallazgos obtenidos en la investigación y se extraen conclusiones que podrán ser aplicadas a la caracterización de asentamientos y arquitecturas rurales del paisaje de al-Andalus.
Fresnes, « prison algérienne »*? (1954-1962)
Authors: Layani Fanny
Published: July 2019

La maison d’arrêt de Fresnes, point nodal du dispositif de répression en métropole, devient au cours du conflit, sous l’effet des politiques de regroupement de l’administration pénitentiaire comme de la systématisation des décisions d’incarcération prises par les tribunaux parisiens, une prison majoritairement algérienne. Elle permet donc de saisir avec précision les moments de bascule de la question carcérale au cours de la guerre, d’autant qu’elle donne lieu à la production d’une masse documentaire importante, largement conservée, contrairement aux autres prisons de métropole. Fresnes est ainsi le lieu où se joue, en grande partie, la question du statut des détenus et leur rapport au pouvoir, tant français qu’algérien. Au cœur des grandes grèves de la faim de l’été 1959, le groupe des détenus s’y structure de façon très solide autour des deux organisations politiques qui sont les leurs, le FLN et le MNA. Cet article pose enfin la question de la politisation des détenus, de leur éventuelle capacité d’action collective, et des conditions de possibilité de la poursuite d’une activité politique derrière les barreaux.