bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niveles de ansiedad en futbolistas de categorías inferiores
Authors: Castro Sánchez M. , Zurita Ortega F. , Chacón Cuberos R. , Padial Ruz R. , Martínez Martínez A.
Published: April 2019

Debido a la relación existente entre las variables psicológicas y el rendimiento deportivo, la psicología del deporte ha cobrado una especial relevancia en las últimas décadas, por lo que la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los niveles de ansiedad en futbolistas de categorías inferiores, utilizando un diseño descriptivo de corte transversal sobre una muestra de 156 futbolistas adolescentes. Para la recogida de datos se ha utilizado un cuestionario ad-hoc para el registro de las variables sociodemográficas y el Stai-Rasgo para medir los niveles de ansiedad. Los resultados de la presente investigación indican que seis de cada diez futbolistas muestran niveles medios de ansiedad-estado y tres de cada diez alta, en cuanto a la ansiedad-rasgo, la mitad tienen una ansiedad alta y la otra mitad media. Como principal conclusión de esta investigación se extrae que el nivel de estudios de los futbolistas se relaciona con los niveles de ansiedad.
Comparación de la condición física de adolescentes eslovacos y americanos utilizando itnessgram
Authors: Ruzbarsky P. , Zvonar M. , Vespalec T. , Kokinda M.
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar  la batería Fitnessgram para la evaluación de la condición física relacionada con la salud en 967 estudiantes de 15 a 19 años de la región de Prešov, Eslovaquia, y comparar con los resultados de un grupo de población estadounidense compuesto por 719,441 estudiantes texanos. La evaluación de Fitnessgram del grupo de población eslovaco, y los análisis de Manova, Mann-Whitney U test y Kruskall-Wallis mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos de niños y niñas, especialmente en la prueba de abdominales. La comparación internacional posterior presentada de acuerdo a los percentiles de la Zona de condición física saludable (Healthy fitness zone: HFZ) mostró que los estudiantes eslovacos lograron mejores resultados tanto para el IMC como para el porcentaje de grasa corporal. Por el contrario, el grupo de población estadounidense logró mejores resultados en la mayoría de las pruebas motoras (abdominales, flexiones, carrera y flexibilidad). El estudio corrobora la utilidad de la batería de test Fitnessgram y señala la tendencia negativa de algunos parámetros de condición física relacionados con la salud en los estudiantes de secundaria eslovacos.
El modelo de Educación Deportiva y la orientación. Efectos en la satisfacción con la vida, las inteligencias múltiples, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y las percepciones sobre el modelo de los adolescentes
Authors: Puente-Maxera F. , Méndez-Giménez A. , Martínez de Ojeda Pérez D. , Liarte Belmonte J. P.
Published: April 2019

Se examinaron los efectos de una unidad didáctica de orientación deportiva (OD) basada en el modelo de Educación Deportiva (ED) sobre la satisfacción con la vida, las inteligencias múltiples, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y las percepciones del modelo en estudiantesde tercer curso de educación secundaria. La muestra estuvo comprendida por 81 estudiantes (M de edad = 14.62; DT = .80) distribuidos en tres grupos naturales, pertenecientes a un instituto ubicado en la Región de Murcia (España). A partir de un diseño cuasi-experimental (medidas pretest-postest), se recabaron datos mediante entrevistas (percepción docente), cuestionarios cuantitativos y cualitativos (percepción discente). Se obtuvieronmejoras significativas en el desarrollo de los tres objetivos que persigue el modelo (competencia, cultura deportiva y entusiasmo), al tiempo queno se revelaron cambios significativos en la satisfacción con la vida y en las inteligencias múltiples. Los resultados constatan a la OD como contenido apto para ser abordado mediante los principios del modelo de ED y respaldansu eficaciarespecto a los objetivos que este últimopersigue.
Efecto de un programa de educación física regular y cuentos motores en la aptitud física y desarrollo motor de escolares costarricenses
Authors: Sánchez-Méndez M. , Salicetti-Fonseca A. , Hernández-Elizondo J.
Published: April 2019

Se determinaron cambios en la Resistencia Cardiovascular [RCV], Fuerza del Extensor del Tronco [FET] y Destrezas Fundamentales de Movimiento [DFM] en niños, luego de recibir un Programa de Educación Física Regular [PEFR]; o, un Programa de Cuentos Motores [PCM]; y, comprobando diferencias entre Actividad Física Moderada y Vigorosa [AFMV]. 55 estudiantes completaron el estudio, distribuidos en tres grupos PEFR, PCM y Grupo Control (GC). Los grupos recibieron 20 clases no el GC. Se contabilizó el tiempo de AFMV mediante POLAR®. Se utilizó FITNESSGRAM® y TGMD-2® para medir variables. La RCV y FET en grupos intervenidos mejoró. Las DFM en ambos grupos intervenidos mejoró. A pesar de que los sujetos mantuvieron un Coeficiente de Desarrollo Motor Grueso (CDMG) bajo; los programas coadyuvaron a su mejoría, no así el GC que conservó un CDMG muy pobre. El PCM y el PEFR fueron eficaces para generar cambios en aptitud física y destrezas analizadas.
¿Se deberían replantear las recomendaciones relativas al uso sedentario del tiempo de pantalla en adolescentes?
Authors: Sevil Serrano J. , Abós Catalán A. , Aibar Solana A. , Sanz Remacha M. , García-González L.
Published: April 2019

El objetivo fue analizar el tiempo medio de uso diario de cuatro medios tecnológicos de pantalla (i.e., TV, ordenador, videojuegos y móvil) e identificar el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de pantalla, tanto de manera independiente como en su conjunto. Asimismo, se analizaronlas diferencias en función del tipo de jornada y el género. Participaron 105 estudiantes (M=13.05±0.59)que cumplimentaron un cuestionario referente al tiempo de pantalla de dichos medios tecnológicos. Los adolescentes de esta muestra pasan untiempo medio de uso diario de 407 minutos de medios tecnológicos de pantalla, siendo la TV el medio más utilizado.Ninguno de los adolescentes cumple las recomendaciones de tiempo de pantalla. Asimismo, existe un mayor de tiempo de uso tecnológico los fines de semana y por parte de los chicos. Se discute la necesidad de actualización de las recomendaciones relativas al uso del tiempo de pantalla en adolescentes.
La conducta violenta y actividad física de los adolescentes en acogimiento residencial
Authors: Zurita-Ortega F. , Castro-Sánchez M. , Ubago-Jiménez J. L. , Chacón-Cuberos R. , Puertas-Molero P. , González-Valero G.
Published: April 2019

El presente estudio que tiene como objetivo analizar los niveles de conducta violenta, autoestima y práctica de Actividad Física en adolescentes que se encuentran en acogimiento residencial donde se dictaminan posibles relaciones entre todas las variables con tres hipótesis. Participaron 203 adolescentes evaluados mediante la Escala de Conducta Violenta en la Escuela, Test de Autoestima General de Rosenberg y Hoja de Autoregistro para valorar la Actividad Física. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes no residentes en el hogar familiar son asiduos practicantes de deportes colectivos de contacto, que los niveles de agresividad son similares y que un tercio de ellos tienen autoestima baja, cumpliendo dos de las tres hipótesis, y denotando falta de correspondencia entre agresividad, autoestima y modalidad deportiva.
La transformación digital en el sector cooperativo agroalimentario español: situación y perspectivas
Authors: Jorge Vázquez Javier , Chivite Cebolla María Peana , Salinas Ramos Francisco
Published: April 2019

La incorporación de nuevas tecnologías digitales a los procesos de gestión empresarial desempeña hoy en día un factor competitivo determinante en la estrategia de cualquier entidad. Las cooperativas agroalimentarias no pueden quedar al margen de esta oportunidad y, en consecuencia, deben afrontar la transformación digital de sus estructuras no solo para crecer sino también para sobrevivir en un entorno cada vez más cambiante y competitivo. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio exploratorio cuyo objetivo principal se centra en el análisis del uso e implementación de las nuevas tecnologías digitales en las cooperativas agroalimentarias españolas con la finalidad de determinar su grado de transformación digital desde una doble perspectiva: su presencia en internet y los servicios web ofrecidos. Para tal fin, se procede a la revisión de los antecedentes de investigación y posterior estudio centrado en el análisis de un conjunto amplio de parámetros e indicadores sobre el uso de TIC y comercio electrónico que permita determinar la situación del sector cooperativo agroalimentario respecto del conjunto de empresas españolas y realizar un análisis comparativo tanto a nivel territorial como intersectorial. Los resultados obtenidos revelan la existencia de cierto retraso en el grado de transformación digital de las cooperativas agroalimentarias cuya magnitud se encuentra condicionada por el tamaño y el subsector donde desarrollan su actividad.
Influence of Solar Drying on the Phytochemical Screen of Equisetopsida Asterales
Authors: Amina Benhamou , Ghania Aissaoui , Mouna Amari , Souad Derias , Fethia Fazouane
Published: April 2019

We are interested by studying the influence of two drying methods: in the shade and solar energy, on phytochemical composition. For this, we choose the rhizomes of the plant Equisetopsida Asterales, a species that can be found in the poor soil of Provence and Corsica. It prefers dry, sunny places in the Mediterranean. It is native to Southwest Asia, the East and spread in North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya), Australia and the Americas, and Europe (Greece, Italy, France, Portugal, Spain). Equisetopsida Asterales rhizomes are used in Algeria as a traditional cream, which contributes to the disappearance of scars generated by burning. The antimicrobial properties of medicinal and aromatic plants have been known since antiquity. However, it was not until the early 20th century that scientists are beginning to show interest. It is known that the treatment of microbial infection is mainly based on the use of antibiotics, several work is devoted to the study of the antimicrobial power of essential oils.

After some experiences in this work, the important result was obtained, time of Equisetopsida Asterales by solar energy is better than shade; and yield of essential oil extracted is better from the rhizomes dried by solar energy.
Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of Low Cost Maize Dehusker-Sheller in Nigeria
Authors: Adesokan M. A. , Oriola K. O. , Ogundeji B. A. , Muhammed-Bashir O. W.
Published: April 2019

An easy-to-operate maize dehusker-sheller machine was constructed from locally available materials with relatively low cost at the premises of DAF Technical Services, Ilorin, Nigeria, between June, 2017 and February, 2018. The construction of the machine was carried out by sizing and marking out of the plate using scriber and cutter. The shaft was smoothened with sand paper and various components were welded; assembling of parts was done by fastener (bolts & nuts). The machine consisted of four units (feeding unit, dehusking – shelling unit, cleaning unit and outlets). Results obtained indicated a mean de - husking efficiency of 58.67%, 57.00%, 54.16 at speed 469 rpm, 309 rpm and 298 rpm respectively. The mean shelling efficiencies were 73.36%, 71.53%, 65 55% at 469 rpm to 298 rpm. And mean through put capacity of 55.90 kg/hr, 41.10 kg/hr and 36.00 kg/hr at speed stated above. Also the mean cleaning efficiencies were 79.97%, 79.77%, 82.23%  at speed  469 rpm, 309 rpm and 298 rpm respectively. The mean grain losses were 20.37%, 21.20% and 17.16% using the three speeds stated above. In conclusion, the mean dehusking efficiency, shelling and mean through put capacity performed best at 469 rpm while mean cleaning efficiency and mean grain loss was best at speed 298 rpm.
Managing Turbulent Business Environments in Nigeria: A Model Approach
Authors: Sunny Ekakitie-Emonena
Published: April 2019

The thrust of the study is to examine the nature, character and constraints the Nigerian business environment poses to enterprises operating in it with a view to proffering solutions strategies on how to overcome environmental turbulence within the economy. Methodologically the study adopts an analytical and qualitative approach by perusing extant literature on the nature and types of environmental forces at issue in the economy. The J.D. Thompson model was adopted to drive the study and its components which exist in four-quadrants were used for analysis with regards to enterprises operating in various industries in the environment. Each quadrant aligns with specific environment type and pinpoints exact techniques to adopt as solution-strategies in coping with the environment for survival. In addition to the model, a template of strategic marketing plan was adopted as a programme and roadmap which enterprises in the environment can adopt to help them analyse and diagnose their target markets to reveal its true nature and potentials for effective targeting. Recommendations made are to the effect that enterprises in this increasingly turbulent and insecure environment should adopt a combinational approach instead of a ‘one-best strategy’ for survival. This is in addition to employing smarter environmental scanning techniques. It is further suggested that enterprises should establish R&D and intelligence gathering units and the creation of an MIS infrastructure to help it track essential and diverse sets of information if they ever hope to survive and succeed.
Research, Development of a Capacity’s Framework toward an University’s President and Chairperson of the Council of Universities in the Context of Higher Education’s Autonomy
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Anh
Published: April 2019

A higher education’s autonomy has posed seriously, scientifically and urgently a problem of research, development and promulgation of a capacity framework for the University’s President, Chairperson of the University Council of the universities. Through the use of the methods such as systematic approach, standardized approach, capacity approach, and detailed description of job position, in-depth interview, and expert advice, we identified the university’s president capacity framework that composting of 05 standards; 15 criteria and 40 indicators; the university council chairperson’s capacity framework imposing of 03 standards; 08 criteria and 21 indicators. The research and building a capacity framework toward the university’s president and the chairperson of the university’s council help the presidents and the chairpersons of the university’s council themselves strive in order to reach a demanded standards. At the same time, it helps managers of all levels to develop a master planning, training and retraining, designation toward rectors-candidates, presidents-candidates of the university’s council.
PTPRK suppresses progression and chemo‐resistance of colon cancer cells via direct inhibition of pro‐oncogenic CD133
Authors: Matsushita Masashi , Mori Yusuke , Uchiumi Kyosuke , Ogata Takehiro , Nakamura Mizuyo , Yoda Hiroyuki , Soda Hiroaki , Takiguchi Nobuhiro , Nabeya Yoshihiro , Shimozato Osamu , Ozaki Toshinori
Published: April 2019

Receptor‐type protein tyrosine phosphatase κ (PTPRK) is considered to be a candidate tumor suppressor. PTPRK dephosphorylates CD133, which is a stem cell marker; phosphorylated CD133 accelerates xenograft tumor growth of colon cancer cells through the activation of AKT, but the functional significance of this has remained elusive. In this study, we have demonstrated that knockdown of PTPRK potentiates the pro‐oncogenic CD133–AKT pathway in colon cancer cells. Intriguingly, depletion of PTPRK significantly reduced sensitivity to the anti‐cancer drug oxaliplatin and was accompanied by up‐regulation of phosphorylation of Bad, a downstream target of AKT. Together, our present observations strongly suggest that the CD133–PTPRK axis plays a pivotal role in the regulation of colon cancer progression as well as drug resistance.
On‐Chip Super‐Resolution Imaging with Fluorescent Polymer Films
Authors: Pang Chenlei , Li Jingxi , Tang Mingwei , Wang Jianpu , Mela Ioanna , Ströhl Florian , Hecker Lisa , Shen Weidong , Liu Qiulan , Liu Xiaowei , Wang Yinan , Zhang Hao , Xu Meng , Zhang Xinghong , Liu Xu , Yang Qing , Kaminski Clemens F.
Published: April 2019

Wide field‐of‐view (FOV), label‐free, super‐resolution imaging is demonstrated using a specially designed waveguide chip that can illuminate a sample with multicolor evanescent waves travelling along different directions. The method is enabled by a polymer fluorescent film that emits over a broad wavelength range. Its polygonal geometry ensures coverage over all illumination directions, enabling high‐fidelity image reconstruction while minimizing distortion and image blurring. By frequency shifting and iterative stitching of different spatial frequencies in Fourier space, the reconstruction of 2D samples is achieved without distortion over wide FOVs. The fabrication process is facile and compatible with conventional semiconductor‐fabrication methods. The super‐resolution chip (SRC) can thus be produced with high yield, offering opportunities for potential conjunction of super‐resolution techniques integrated optical circuits or for the development of single‐use diagnostic kits.
Atherosclerosis Treatment with Stimuli‐Responsive Nanoagents: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Maruf Ali , Wang Yi , Yin Tieyin , Huang Junli , Wang Nan , Durkan Colm , Tan Youhua , Wu Wei , Wang Guixue
Published: April 2019

Atherosclerosis is the root of approximately one‐third of global mortalities. Nanotechnology exhibits splendid prospects to combat atherosclerosis at the molecular level by engineering smart nanoagents with versatile functionalizations. Significant advances in nanoengineering enable nanoagents to autonomously navigate in the bloodstream, escape from biological barriers, and assemble with their nanocohort at the targeted lesion. The assembly of nanoagents with endogenous and exogenous stimuli breaks down their shells, facilitates intracellular delivery, releases their cargo to kill the corrupt cells, and gives imaging reports. All these improvements pave the way toward personalized medicine for atherosclerosis. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in stimuli‐responsive nanoagents for atherosclerosis management and its progress in clinical trials.
Monochromatic “Photoinitibitor”‐Mediated Holographic Photopolymer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Ronghua , Li Sibo , Chen Guannan , Zuo Cai , Zhou Binghua , Ni Mingli , Peng Haiyan , Xie Xiaolin , Xue Zhigang
Published: April 2019

A new polymer electrolyte based on holographic photopolymer is designed and fabricated. Ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) are introduced as the photoinert substances. Upon laser‐interference‐pattern illumination, photopolymerization occurs within the constructive regions which subsequently results in a phase separation between the photogenerated polymer and unreacted EC–PC, affording holographic photopolymer electrolytes (HPEs) with a pitch of ≈740 nm. Interestingly, both diffraction efficiency and ionic conductivity increase with an augmentation of the EC–PC content. With 50 wt% of EC–PC, the diffraction efficiency and ionic conductivity are ≈60% and 2.13 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C, respectively, which are 60 times and 5 orders of magnitude larger than the electrolyte without EC–PC. Notably, the HPEs afford better anisotropy and more stable electrochemical properties when incorporating N,N‐dimethylacrylamide. The HPEs exhibit good toughness under bending, excellent optical transparency under ambient conditions, and astonishing capabilities of reconstructing colored images. The HPEs here open a door to design flexible and transparent electronics with good mechanical, electrical, and optical functions.
Temperature‐Dependent Spin–Orbit Torques in Perpendicular Magnetic [Co/Ni]N/TbCo Composite Films
Authors: Xue Hongwei , Chen Shaohai , Wu Di , Zhu Weihua , Zhang Yuanyuan , Duan Chungang , Chen Jingsheng , Jin Qingyuan , Zhang Zongzhi
Published: April 2019

The temperature (T) dependence of spin–orbit torque (SOT) efficiencies and magnetic properties are investigated in antiferromagnetically coupled Ta/Cu/[Co/Ni]N/TbCo perpendicular composite films. By changing the Co/Ni repetition number N, the magnetization compensation temperature TM can be widely modulated, decreasing from 295 K for N = 0 to below 10 K for N = 2. From temperature‐dependent harmonic Hall measurements, it is shown that damping–like SOT field per current density χDL = HDL/Jac varies in a similar way to the net saturation magnetization MS and reaches a maximum at T = TM, whereas field‐like HFL/Jac is nearly independent with T. The observed slight deviation between χDL and 1/MS versus T curves at reduced temperatures is attributed to the increased spin Hall angle and interfacial spin transparency. It is found that the SOT efficiency ξ varies from −0.04 to −0.06 and even to −0.13 for N = 0, 1 and 2, respectively, suggesting ξ is intensively dependent on the details of the Ta/ferromagnet (FM) interface and the FM layer material. These results provide more insight into the SOT effects for exchange‐coupled perpendicular composite structures, which are valuable for developing high‐performance SOT devices.
Fully Printed Flexible Crossbar Memory Devices with Tip‐Enhanced Micro/Nanostructures
Authors: Pan Qi , Su Meng , Zhang Zeying , Cai Zheren , Li Yifan , Huang Zhandong , Qian Xin , Hu Xiaotian , Li Fengyu , Dong Huanli , Song Yanlin
Published: April 2019

Flexible memory devices with optimal tip‐enhanced structures and high density are necessary for data storage devices. Printed electronics combine an efficient manufacturing approach with diverse materials adoptability and multidimensional patterns. However, the precision of the printed structures and the nonuniform of the interfaces restrict the storage density and performance severely. A full printing strategy to fabricate crossbar memory devices with triangular prism–structured Ag microwire electrodes and Ag/silk fibroin conformal interlayers is reported. Based on tip‐enhanced microelectrodes and flexible function layers, these crossbar memory devices show a high ION/IOFF ratio (106 at 1 V) and sufficient retention time (>104 s) under 5 mm curvature radius bending. Devices with 2.5 × 105 bits cm−2 storage density can be printed (103 higher than previously reported results), which enables efficient implement of pattern matching in visual display. This full printing strategy offers efficient fabrication for highly integrated flexible memories and 3D multilayer microdevices.
The D‐dimer assay
Authors: Johnson Eric D. , Schell John C. , Rodgers George M.
Published: April 2019

D‐dimer is an indirect marker of fibrinolysis and fibrin turnover; this molecule exhibits unique properties as a biological marker of hemostatic abnormalities as well as an indicator of intravascular thrombosis. D‐dimer is a soluble fibrin degradation product that results from the systematic degradation of vascular thrombi through the fibrinolytic mechanism. Because of this, the D‐dimer serves as a valuable marker of activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in a number of clinical scenarios. Most commonly, D‐dimer has been extensively investigated for excluding the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and is used routinely for this indication. In addition, D‐dimer has been evaluated for determining the optimal duration of anticoagulation in VTE patients, for diagnosing and monitoring disseminated intravascular coagulation, and for monitoring other conditions in which the patient is at high risk of bleeding or thrombosis. Limitations of the assay include D‐dimer elevation in a constellation of clinical scenarios (age, pregnancy, and cancer) and lack of clinical standardization.
Automatic Court‐Annexed Mediation in New York's Federal District Courts: Sometimes Numbers Don't Lie
Authors: Shaffer Gary
Published: April 2019

On the surface, it might seem that a court automatically sending cases to mediation is an oxymoron. Self‐determination—including determining whether to mediate—is often thought of as an essential aspect of the mediation process.
Pentadiynylidyne and Pentacarbido Complexes
Authors: Hill Anthony F. , Manzano Richard A.
Published: April 2019

The reaction of the halocarbyne [W(≡CBr)(CO)2(Tp*)] (Tp*=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate) with trimethylsilyl‐butadiyne, mediated by [Pd(PPh3)4] and CuI, affords the first pentadiynylidyne complex [W(≡CC≡CC≡CSiMe3)(CO)2(Tp*)]. Desilylation provides a general route to heterobimetallic pentacarbido complexes, including [(Tp*)(CO)2W(μ‐C5)(PPh3)2Ru(η‐C5H5)] and [(Ph3P)2(CO)HIr{(μ‐C5)W(CO)2(Tp*)}2].
Efficient and Monochromatic Electrochemiluminescence of Aqueous‐Soluble Au Nanoclusters via Host–Guest Recognition
Authors: Yang Liqiong , Zhang Bin , Fu Li , Fu Kena , Zou Guizheng
Published: April 2019

Inspired by the enhanced photoluminescence of Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) with a rigid shell, the formation of rigid host–guest assemblies on AuNC surfaces was employed to screen novel electrochemiluminophores with 6‐aza‐2‐thiothymine(ATT)‐protected AuNCs (ATT‐AuNCs) and l‐arginine (ARG) as models for the first time. The rigid host–guest assemblies formed between ARG and ATT on the ATT‐AuNC surface enabled aqueous‐soluble ARG/ATT‐AuNCs with a dramatically enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) compared to ATT‐AuNCs. This includes one cathodic ECL process (−1.30 V) and three anodic ECL processes (+0.78, 0.90, and 1.05 V) in a so‐called half‐scan experiment without a co‐reactant, as well as a 70‐fold enhanced oxidative‐reduction ECL at +0.78 V with tri‐n‐propylamine as a co‐reactant. Importantly, the ECL of the ARG/ATT‐AuNCs is highly monochromatic with an emission maximum around 532 nm and a full width at half‐maximum of 36 nm, which is of great interest for color‐selective ECL assays.
Mid‐point transverse process to pleura block for surgical anaesthesia
Authors: Costache I.
Published: April 2019

The use of ultrasound in regional anaesthesia has expanded our understanding of regional anaesthesia techniques and allowed for the development of novel strategies to achieve blockade of the trunk. Several alternatives to paravertebral block have recently been proposed, but none of these new techniques have yet been shown to provide surgical anaesthesia equivalent to a paravertebral block. This case report describes the successful use of the mid‐point transverse process to pleura (MTP) block as the sole anaesthetic technique for a patient undergoing breast surgery.
Facile Chan‐Lam coupling using ferrocene tethered N‐heterocyclic carbene‐copper complex anchored on graphene
Authors: Gajare Shivanand , Jagadale Megha , Naikwade Altafhusen , Bansode Prakash , Rashinkar Gajanan
Published: April 2019

Ferrocene tethered N‐heterocyclic carbene‐copper complex anchored on graphene ([GrFemImi]NHC@Cu complex) has been synthesized by covalent grafting of ferrocenyl ionic liquid in the matrix of graphene followed by metallation with copper (I) iodide. The [GrFemImi]NHC@Cu complex has been characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), fourier transform Raman (FT‐Raman), CP‐MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis and X‐ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. This novel complex served as a robust heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bioactive N‐aryl sulfonamides from variety of aryl boronic acids and sulfonyl azides in ethanol by Chan‐Lam coupling. Recyclability experiments were executed successfully for six consecutive runs.
Expeditious and highly efficient synthesis of propargylamines using a Pd‐Cu nanowires catalyst under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Yi Rongnan , Wang Zheng‐Jun , Liang Zhiwu , Xiao Min , Xu Xinhua , Li Ningbo
Published: April 2019

A heterogeneous Pd‐Cu NWs‐catalyzed expeditious and solvent‐free synthesis of propargylamines via A3‐coupling of aldehydes, alkynes, and amines has been proposed. A wide range of aldehydes, alkynes and amine substrates undergo A3‐coupling to produce propargylamines in good to excellent yields with good functional tolerance, such as that towards alkoxy, hydroxy, C‐X (X = F, Cl, Br) as well as amide and C=C bonds. Furthermore, the catalyst could be recovered easily and reused for at least 5 cycles without showing significant loss of catalytic activity.
Thermal‐oxidative aging performance and life prediction of polyethylene pipe under cyclic and constant internal pressure
Authors: Chen Guohua , Yang Yi , Zhou Chilou , Zhou Zhihang , Yan Dapeng
Published: April 2019

To study the aging characteristic of the polyethylene (PE) 100 pipe under constant and cyclic internal pressure, a new accelerated thermal‐oxidative aging test equipment was developed. Thermal‐oxidative aging behaviors of PE pipe under constant pressure and cyclic pressure were studied in various temperatures (80, 95, and 110 °C) by accelerated aging tests. The tensile test result shows that the fracture strength of PE pipe decreases as the aging time prolongs. Meanwhile, the pipe aged in the higher temperature behaves faster decreasing rate. A faster decreasing rate is also observed under the condition of cyclic pressure, compared to that under constant pressure. The thermal stability of the pipe gradually reduces and the reducing rate under cyclic pressure is higher than that under constant pressure. The result of infrared spectroscopy test suggests that oxygen‐containing groups (i.e., CO) are formed on the surface of PE pipes, indicating that oxidative degradation phenomenon of PE pipes occurs during the aging process. Furthermore, based on the measured result of fracture strength, lifetime prediction models of PE 100 pipe under constant pressure and cyclic pressure are proposed. The result shows that the lifetime of PE 100 pipes obviously decreased under cyclic pressure, and it is 27.96% shorter than that under constant pressure. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47766.
Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) in the Moyang River Estuary: The western part of the world's largest population of humpback dolphins
Authors: Li Min , Wang Xinxing , Hung Samuel K. , Xu Youwei , Chen Tao
Published: April 2019

Information gaps from uninvestigated habitats can hinder population assessments and the efficacy of conservation actions for marine mammals, particularly for populations of widely distributed species. The full extent of occurrence of the world's largest (putative) population of Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) in the Pearl River estuary (PRE) is not known due to a poor understanding of the western boundary of the population's range. This information gap is the basis of the most critical obstacle for assessing the population's status.

To determine the distribution and abundance of the PRE humpback dolphins in the far western portion of its range, systematic line‐transect vessel surveys were conducted in the Moyang River estuary (MRE) during 2013–2015. Photo identification of dolphins and cross‐matching of individual dolphins between different regions were also undertaken to examine individual movement patterns.

The abundance of humpback dolphins in the MRE was estimated to be 528 individuals (coefficient of variation: 28.7–50.2%).

Cross‐matching of individually identified dolphins from the MRE (present survey area) with those from other survey areas of the PRE showed that dolphins moved frequently across different regions of the PRE, indicating dolphins from both PRE and MRE comprise a single population (which is renamed to be the PRE–MRE population). The western boundary of this population appears to be in the waters on the eastern side of Hailing Island, as dolphins were never observed further west.

Supporting around one‐fifth of the PRE–MRE population and providing a quarter of the habitat of the entire PRE–MRE population, the MRE clearly also deserves consideration for greater conservation measures. Strengthening the management with stringent controls over fishing activities in the MRE and establishing a marine protected area in the core habitat are recommended to facilitate better conservation for the entire PRE–MRE humpback dolphin population.
Detecting the undetectable: Characterization, optimization, and validation of an eDNA detection assay for the federally endangered dwarf wedgemussel, Alasmidonta heterodon (Bivalvia: Unionoida)
Authors: Schill William B. , Galbraith Heather S.
Published: April 2019

Environmental DNA (eDNA) assays are valuable tools for monitoring the presence and distribution of cryptic species.

Like many freshwater mussels, the numbers of dwarf wedgemussel, Alasmidonta heterodon, have dwindled and its range has diminished. As of its listing in 1993, only 10–20 locations were known to persist out of the 70 Atlantic slope locations known historically.

A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to detect the presence of A. heterodon was developed that uses two probes to accommodate a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the probe‐binding site within the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. This SNP defines northern and southern major phylogenetic lineages.

The primers match exactly the previously determined COI sequences of 20 dwarf wedgemussel individuals representing Atlantic slope populations from North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, New York, and New Hampshire. Other than for the qPCR assay described here, these primers can be used for sequencing or metabarcoding to further delineate dwarf wedgemussel populations phylogenetically.

A simple eDNA preparation method is introduced using flocculation to concentrate free DNA in solution as well as cellular material (including shed animal cells, bacteria, viruses, and dissolved DNA).

In addition to the specific application described here, the methodological approaches used in this study are widely applicable to conservation, including, but not limited to, general aquatic biodiversity, phylogenetic studies, and the detection of pathogenic microbes.
On the output feedback stabilization for distributed semilinear systems
Authors: Zerrik El Hassan , Ait Aadi Abderrahman , Larhrissi Rachid
Published: April 2019

The output stabilization for a class of distributed semilinear system is obtained with stabilizing controls that depend on the output operator. Then, we give sufficient conditions for exponential, strong and weak stabilization. The obtained results are illustrated by examples and simulations.
Development and validation of bioanalytical method for quantification of cycloserine in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Dodda Sireesha , Makula Ajitha , Kandhagatla Raj Narayana
Published: April 2019

A selective, sensitive and high‐throughput liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical method has been developed for the estimation of cycloserine in human plasma, employing cytosine as the internal standard. The extraction of the analyte was facilitated by solid‐phase extraction using 100 μL of human plasma. The separation was carried out on a BDS Hypersil C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using a mixture of 0.2% formic acid in HPLC‐grade water, methanol and acetonitrile (70:15:15, v/v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The method was linear over the range of 0.20–20 μg/mL with r2 > 0.99. Complete validation of the method was performed as per US Food and Drug Administration guidelines and the results met acceptance criteria. Applying the present method, the clinical pharmacokinetics of cycloserine following oral administration of 250 mg cycloserine was studied under fasting conditions. Assay reproducibility was also verified by incurred sample reanalysis.
LncRNA‐SNHG15 enhances cell proliferation in colorectal cancer by inhibiting miR‐338‐3p
Authors: Li Min , Bian Zehua , Jin Guoying , Zhang Jia , Yao Surui , Feng Yuyang , Wang Xue , Yin Yuan , Fei Bojian , You Qingjun , Huang Zhaohui
Published: April 2019

The incidence and death rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) is very high, which brings great need to understand the early molecular events of CRC. These studies demonstrate that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of human cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) was recently identified as a cancer‐related lncRNA. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the function and mechanism of SNHG15 in CRC. The expression of SNHG15 was detected by quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) in CRC tissues and matched noncancerous tissues (NCTs). CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, and nude mouse xenograft mode were used to examine the tumor‐promoting function of SNHG15 in vitro and in vivo. The binding relationship between SNHG15, miR‐338‐3p and the target genes of miR‐338‐3p were screened and identified by databases, qRT‐PCR, dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot. Our results showed that SNHG15 was up‐regulated in CRC tissues compared with paired NCTs (P < 0.0001). High level of SNHG15 expression predicted poor prognosis of CRC (P = 0.0051). SNHG15 overexpression could promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. Animal experiments showed that up‐regulation of SNHG15 promoted tumor growth in vivo. The results of mechanism experiments showed that SNHG15 could bind to miR‐338‐3p and block its inhibition on the expression and activity of FOS or RAB14. In conclusion SNHG15 promotes cell proliferation through SNHG15/miR‐338‐3p/FOS‐RAB14 axis in CRC.
Impact of serious mental illness on the treatment and mortality of older patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer: retrospective cohort analysis of 49 985 SEER‐Medicare patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2013
Authors: Fried Dennis A. , Sadeghi‐Nejad Hossein , Gu Dian , Zhou Shouhao , He Weiguo , Giordano Sharon H. , Pentakota Sri Ram , Demissie Kitaw , Helmer Drew , Shen Chan
Published: April 2019

Background

The influence of serious mental illness (SMI) on the treatment and survival of patients with high‐grade prostate cancer is not well understood. We compared the initial cancer treatment and cancer‐specific mortality of SEER‐Medicare patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer with and without preexisting SMI.

Methods

We identified SEER‐Medicare patients who were 67 years of age or older diagnosed between 2006 and 2013 with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer. Preexisting SMI was identified by claims indicative of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorder, during the 2 years before cancer diagnosis. We used multivariable binary logistic regression to examine associations between SMI and receipt of surgery or radiation concurrent with hormone therapy (definitive initial treatment) within 1 year after cancer diagnosis. We used Kaplan‐Meier survival curves, as well as Cox proportional hazards and competing risk models to evaluate unadjusted and adjusted associations between SMI and 5‐year cancer‐specific survival.

Results

Among 49 985 patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer, 523 (1.1%) had SMI and 49 462 (98.9%) had no SMI. Overall, SMI was associated with reduced odds of receiving surgery (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49‐0.89) or radiation concurrent with hormone therapy (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67‐0.98) as initial treatments in the year after cancer diagnosis. Additionally, SMI was associated with higher hazard of 5‐year cancer‐specific death (HR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.89) after accounting for competing risks of non‐cancer death.

Conclusion

Among SEER‐Medicare patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer, those with preexisting SMI—relative to those without these conditions—were less likely to receive definitive initial treatment in the year after diagnosis and had poorer cancer‐specific survival 5 years after diagnosis.
Screening of MSI detection loci and their heterogeneity in East Asian colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Bai Wenqi , Ma Jinfeng , Liu Yangyang , Liang Jing , Wu Yueqin , Yang Xuanqin , Xu Enwei , Li Yan , Xi Yanfeng
Published: April 2019

Objective

This study aims to screen the MSI detection loci suitable for the East Asian colorectal cancer patients. and explore its intratumoral heterogeneity.

Methods

A total of 271 pathological tissues specimens of colorectal cancer were collected. The MSI status was detected using different PCR reagent kits with different detection loci. Then, the results were compared with the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining results. Microdissection of pathological tissues specimens detected to be MSI‐H was performed to examine whether there was intratumoral heterogeneity of MSI status.

Results

Thirty‐nine out of 271 cases were dMMR. dMMR occurred mostly in patients with right‐hemi colon cancer (P < 0.0001). Compared with dMMR patients, the clinical stages of pMMR patients were more inclined to be in the late stage with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001). MSI‐H tumors were significantly associated with KRAS mutation (P = 0.036) and PD‐L1 expression (P = 0.038). Compared with Promega panel and 24‐locus detection, the consistency between NCI MSI panel and IHC staining results were the highest with the Kappa value of 0.850. The sensitivity of detection decreased from 87.18% to 56.41% with the increase in detection loci. Single locus analysis showed that the first two loci with the highest sensitivity were both mononucleotide loci, namely, BAT‐26 (95.45%) and BAT‐25 (86.36%). The dinucleotide locus with highest sensitivity was D2S123 (50%). The main detection loci of MSI‐H showed no intratumoral heterogeneity.

Conclusion

The combination of 2 mononucleotide loci (BAT25, BAT26) and 3 dinucleotide loci (D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) might be the most suitable loci for MSI detection in East Asian population. There is no intratumoral heterogeneity in the main MSI loci.
Treatment of false‐negative metastatic lymph nodes by a lymphatic drug delivery system with 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: Fujii Honoka , Horie Sachiko , Sukhbaatar Ariunbuyan , Mishra Radhika , Sakamoto Maya , Mori Shiro , Kodama Tetsuya
Published: April 2019

Metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) may be the origin of systemic metastases. It will be important to develop a strategy that prevents systemic metastasis by treating these LNs at an early stage. False‐negative metastatic LNs, which are found during the early stage of metastasis development, are those that contain tumor cells but have a size and shape similar to LNs that do not host tumor cells. Here, we show that 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), delivered by means of a novel lymphatic drug delivery system (LDDS), can treat LNs with false‐negative metastases in a mouse model. The effects of 5‐FU on four cell lines were investigated using in vitro cytotoxicity and cell survival assays. The therapeutic effects of LDDS‐administered 5‐FU on false‐negative metastatic LNs were evaluated using bioluminescence imaging, high‐frequency ultrasound (US), and histology in MHX10/Mo‐lpr/lpr mice. These experimental animals develop LNs that are similar in size to human LNs. We found that all cell lines showed sensitivity to 5‐FU in the in vitro assays. Furthermore, a concentration‐dependent effect of 5‐FU to inhibit tumor growth was observed in tumor cells with low invasive growth characteristics, although a significant reduction in metastatic LN volume was not detected in MHX10/Mo‐lpr/lpr mice. Adverse effects of 5‐FU were not detected. 5‐Fluorouracil administration with a LDDS is an effective treatment method for false‐negative metastatic LNs. We anticipate that the delivery of anticancer drugs by a LDDS will be of great benefit in the prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis via LNs.
Enantiomeric Polyketides from the Starfish‐Derived Symbiotic Fungus Penicillium sp. GGF16‐1‐2
Authors: Wei Xia , Feng Chan , Li Xiao‐Hui , Mao Xing‐Xin , Luo Hai‐Bin , Zhang Dong‐Mei , Rong Li , Xie Zhen‐Yu , Yu Xin , Li Jie , Ye Wen‐Cai , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Cui‐Xian
Published: April 2019

One new racemic mixture, penicilliode A (1) and four pairs of enantiomeric polyketides, penicilliode B and C (2 and 3) and coniochaetone B and C (4 and 5), were obtained from the starfish‐derived symbiotic fungus Penicillium sp. GGF16‐1‐2. Interestingly, the strain GGF16‐1‐2 can produce enantiomers. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the absolute configurations of 2–4 were determined by the optical rotation (OR) values and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1–5 were firstly isolated from the marine‐derived fungus Penicillium as racemates, and 2–5 were separated by HPLC with a chiral stationary phase. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial, cytotoxic and inhibitory activities against PDE4D2.
Interlayer Expanded SnS2 Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Nanosheets with Enhanced Potassium Storage
Authors: Cao Liang , Zhang Bao , Ou Xing , Wang Chunhui , Peng Chunli , Zhang Jiafeng
Published: April 2019

Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are promising candidates to substitute lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) as large‐scale energy storage devices. However, developing suitable anode materials is still a great challenge that has limited the anticipated application of PIBs. Herein, the interlayer expanded SnS2 nanocrystals anchored on nitrogen‐doped graphene nanosheets (SnS2@NC) are synthesized following a facile one‐step hydrothermal strategy. Relying on the exquisite nanostructure with larger interlayer spacing, the K+ ions diffusion and charge transfer will be accelerated. In addition, the intense coupling interaction between nitrogen‐doped graphene nanosheets and SnS2 can endow a sturdy nanostructure, avoiding the collapse and aggregation of SnS2 nanocrystals upon cycling. Based on the above merits, the as‐prepared SnS2@NC anode exhibits improved electrochemical performanc (desirable rate capability of 206.7 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 and advanced cyclic property of 262.5 mAh g−1, while after 100 cycles at 500 mA g−1). More importantly, multistep reactions of K+ storage mechanism combining with intercalation, conversion and alloying reactions are clearly illustrated by combined in‐situ XRD measurement and ex‐situ TEM detection. This strategy of enhancing K+ storage performances has a great potential for other electrode materials.
Turning Catalysts on by Light‐Induced Stress: When Red Means Go
Authors: Latyshev Vitalii , Shylenko Oleg , Bilanych Vitalij , Stamenkovic Vojislav , Rizak Vasyl , Feher Alexander , Kovalcikova Alexandra , Komanicky Vladimir
Published: April 2019

We report the activation of platinum catalyst thin films for oxygen reduction reaction in perchloric acid electrolytes when the films are subjected to mechanical stress. The catalysts films were deposited by magnetron sputtering on photosensitive chalcogenide As20Se80 semiconductor glass layer. When platinum films are illuminated by red laser light the glass under semitransparent platinum film exhibits photo‐induced flow. The material flow underneath platinum film induces mechanical stress resulting in film wrinkling and significant increase in its catalytic activity.