bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Tympanogram dengan Lokasi dan Ukuran Tumor pada Pasien Karsinoma Nasofaring
Authors: Dewi Julita Melisa , Marliyawati Dwi , Muyassaraoh Muyassaroh
Published: March 2022

pengantar :Gangguan pendengaran merupakan gejala yang paling sering dialami oleh penderita Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), karena adanya hubungan antara telinga tengah dengan nasofaring melalui tuba eustachius. Timpanometri adalah tes pendengaran yang dapat mengevaluasi telinga tengah.

Objektif : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan timpanogram dengan lokasi dan ukuran tumor karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang pasien KNF di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Juli 2020 sampai Juni 2021. Timpanometri dilakukan pada awal diagnosis KNF, lokasi dan ukuran tumor berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fisik kepala dan leher, nasofaringoskopi dan CT scan. Analisis data dengan spearmen rho. tes.

Hasil :Dari 52 subjek yang terdiagnosis KNF, sebagian besar berusia dekade ke-5. Lokasi tumor yang paling umum adalah di fossa Rossenmuler dan meluas ke dinding lateral dan atap nasofaring secara bilateral (n=29; 55,7%). Ukuran tumor terbanyak adalah T4 (n=26;50%). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa citra timpanogram memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan lokasi tumor pada pasien KNF (r=0,853; p<0,001), tetapi tidak berkorelasi dengan ukuran tumor (r=0,061; p=0,668).

Kesimpulan : Timpanogram berhubungan dengan lokasi tumor karsinoma  nasofaring, tidak berhubungan dengan ukuran tumor.
Primary Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Female Urethra Presenting as Carunculous of Urethra: A Very Rare Case Report
Authors: Hengky Tan , Daniswara Nanda , Santosa Ardy , Soedarso Adi , Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Addin Sofyan Rais
Published: March 2022

Background: Female urethral carcinoma occurred < 1% of all female malignancies. With a small prevalence of Malignant Urethral Lymphoma, there is lack of data about quality of the therapy.

Case Report: A 41-year-old woman came to Division of Urology, Department of Surgery Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang with chief complaint a recurrence mass on her urethra. Her general condition was fine, and has a normal vital signs. On the physical examination of urogenital region, there was mass on the orifice of urethra external that can easily bleed. She is already performed excision of urethral caruncle with immunohistochemistry examination and found CD-20 positive which indicated a diffuse B-cell Lymphoma. Then she had 6 cycle chemotherapy procedures in Division of Hematooncology, Internal Medicine Department. Until now, she routinely check-up to urology and internal medicine departments to monitor her disease progression.

Conclusion: Female urethral carcinoma is very rare, although surgery alone has been established as effective for treating low-stage urethral cancer, neither surgery nor radiation therapy alone provide good results. Delay in diagnose and treatment can decrease patient survival.

Keyword: non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, immunohistochemistry, Urethral carcinoma, urethral caruncle, chemotherapy
Criminal Law in A World of States
Authors: Liss Ryan
Published: March 2022

In recent decades, a new school of criminal law theory has emerged. Its proponents reject the traditional story that criminal law ought to be justified on either retributivist or utilitarian grounds alone. Instead, they argue that justifications for criminal law must be rooted in a broader political theory of the state’s authority. While this political theory turn is becoming increasingly dominant in the literature, it gives rise to two significant challenges that scholars have thus far failed to recognize. These challenges emerge when we turn our attention from an internal, domestic view of the state to the world beyond its borders.

First, the conception of the state at the heart of the leading political theory accounts of criminal law seems to sit in a vacuum. However, when we recognize that each political community exists in a world of states and persons beyond its boundaries, we begin to see that conditions external to the state might undermine the very possibility of the sort of state authority these accounts propose. Second, the political theory turn seems to pose an important challenge for international criminal law, which on the standard account is viewed to be unconnected to any particular political community. If the justification for criminal law must be anchored in a political theory of the state, it is unclear how we could ever justify instances of criminal law that seem to be untethered from a state.

In this Article, I argue that these two challenges have a common solution, which comes into view when we rethink the standard picture of international criminal law. Far from being untethered from the state, international criminal law is deeply connected to the state; indeed, international criminal law functions to secure a particular form of the system of states. And in doing so, international criminal law upholds the global conditions necessary for the state as conceived by this new line of criminal law theorists to function. With this perspective, international criminal law no longer seems like an outlier to a political theory of criminal law, but rather a necessary precondition for it. And the vision of the state at the heart of the political theory accounts no longer seems detached from the world beyond its borders, but rather is a constituent part of a global system of states, each acting to maintain that system.
Optimal Property Rights for Emerging Natural Resources: A Case Study on Owning Atmospheric Moisture
Authors: Chen Jianlin
Published: March 2022

This Article critically examines the design of property rights for emerging natural resources—naturally occurring substances that humans have only recently come to be able to exploit viably—through a case study of how the fifty states allocate ownership in, and regulate the use of, atmospheric moisture, an issue that has emerged in the context of weather modification (particularly cloud seeding). Building on the surprising finding that legislative declarations of state ownership have not resulted in greater regulatory control or other substantial restrictions on private use, this Article highlights a dimension of property rights design that has yet to receive concerted scholarly attention: the relative ease of future transitions— transitions both in ownership and in control mechanisms. This Article explains how state property facilitates easier and more holistic transitions and argues that state property can be an optimal allocation of emerging natural resources, because uncertainty surrounding the viability of present uses of the resource suggests that property rights arrangements may need to be changed in the foreseeable future. More broadly, the case study reveals how state property—properly stripped of its undeserved associations with socialism—still has an important role to play in property rights literature.
Child Abuse Evidence: New Perspectives from Law, Medicine, Psychology & Statistics: Opening Remarks, November 6, 2015
Authors: McCormack Bridget
Published: March 2022

Opening remarks by Justice Bridget McCormack, Michigan Supreme Court on November 6, 2015.
Evidence of Child Abuse: Inferring the Causes of Effects
Authors: Fienberg Stephen
Published: March 2022

A statistician's take on evidence of child abuse.
The Limits of Performance-Based Regulation
Authors: Coglianese Cary
Published: March 2022

Performance-based regulation is widely heralded as a superior approach to regulation. Rather than specifying the actions regulated entities must take, performance-based regulation instead requires the attainment of outcomes and gives flexibility in how to meet them. Despite nearly universal acclaim for performance-based regulation, the reasons supporting its use remain largely theoretical and conjectural. Owing in part to a lack of a clear conceptual taxonomy, researchers have yet to produce much empirical research documenting the strengths and weaknesses of performance-based regulation. In this Article, I provide a much-needed conceptual framework for understanding and assessing performance-based regulation. After defining performance-based regulation and distinguishing it from other types of regulation, I also show that this kind of regulation can itself take many forms, depending on the specificity of required outcomes, the proximity of these outcomes to the regulatory goal, the way that performance is determined, the underlying basis for required outcomes, the characteristics of the targeted regulated entities, and the allocation of the burden of proving compliance. Variation along these dimensions can ultimately result in widely varying impacts of different regulations, which means that policy-makers cannot assume that every performance-based regulation will work the same. More importantly, this Article contributes a comprehensive consideration of the dangers of performance-based regulation, illustrating with real-world examples how this form of regulation can work poorly and even create its own problems, especially when performance cannot be adequately defined, measured, or monitored. In highlighting the dangers of performance-based regulation, I do not suggest that it should never be used; instead, I show that regulators must fully take into account the performance of performance-based regulation and not be swayed by intuitive claims suggesting this form of regulation is a panacea. Despite its theoretical advantages, performance-based regulation also possesses limitations which must be considered. Decision makers should carefully scrutinize both performance-based regulation and its alternatives, paying close attention to how each alternative will be enforced and seeking to anticipate unintended consequences.
Police Interrogations, False Confessions, and Alleged Child Abuse Cases
Authors: Leo Richard
Published: March 2022

A discussion on false confession cases in the United States.
It Takes a Village: Designating "Tiny House" Villages as Transitional Housing Campgrounds
Authors: Turner Ciara
Published: March 2022

A relatively new proposal to reduce homelessness in the United States involves extraordinarily small dwellings. While the “tiny house” movement is intuitively appealing and has found sporadic success, strict housing codes, building codes, and zoning laws often destroy the movement before it can get off the ground. One possibility for getting around these zoning and building code challenges, without drastic overhauls to health and safety codes, is to create a new state-level zoning classification of “transitional campgrounds.” A new zoning classification would alleviate the issue because campgrounds are consistently subject to less strict building codes, which could permit tiny houses as temporary living quarters. Creating “transitional campgrounds” gives discretion to local level policy makers, allowing for action that reflects the true needs of the local community. In some states, municipalities may be able to implement this proposed regulation directly. With appropriate legislative reform and community support, tiny house villages can be an affordable, alternative temporary housing accommodation option. Part I of this Note discusses the background of the tiny house movement, including an overview of the applicable zoning, building, and housing codes, along with various state laws. Part II explains the difficulties posed by the current regulatory scheme, and Part III proposes a statute designed to alleviate those challenges that could, ideally, be adopted at the state level.
PENGARUH LAGU DEWASA “HATI YANG KAU SAKITI” TERHADAP PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 3 TAHUN
Authors: Rifdah Syifa Nurul , Oktavianingrum Diajeng
Published: March 2022

Proses pemerolehan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh seorang anak tidak semerta-merta mendapatkannya secara instan. Bahasa yang diperoleh oleh seorang bisa di dapatkan melalui berbagai cara, di antaranya melalaui lingkungan keluarga, menyimak sebuah lagu baik lagu anak-anak maupun lagu dewasa. Namun, di zaman sekarang lagu-lagu dewasa sangat berpengaruh terhadap pemerolehan bahasa anak. Berbagai teori yang yang dapat menjadi penunjangnya adalah teori behavioristik, dan teori kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Pengaruh Lagu Dewasa “Hati Yang Kau Sakiti” Terhadap Pemerolehan Bahasa Anak Usia 3 Tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif merupakan metode yang Menekankan pada pemahaman berupa masalah-masalah dalam kehidupan sosial berdasarkan kondisi realitas, holitis, komplek dan rinci. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, artinya peneliti harus mendeskripsikan suatu objek yang bersifat naratif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak berusia 3 tahun yang Bernama Amanda Mutiara. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan teknik simak. Peneliti menggunakan teknik ini dengan cara menyimak ujaran-ujaran yang dituturkan oleh subjek setelah mendengarkan lagu dewasa yang diberikan oleh peneliti. Objek penelitian ini adalah tuturan yang diujarkan oleh subjek. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa lagu dewasa sangat berpengaruh pada pemerolehan bahasa anak. Salah satunya yaitu pada lagu dari penyanyi Rosa dengan judul lagu  “Hati Yang Kau Sakiti” karena di zaman sekarang lagu tersebut sedang buming dan disukai oleh berbagai kalangan.
Analisa Perbandingan Algoritma Fuzzy Tsukamoto Dan Sugeno Untuk Menentukan Jumlah Produksi Batik Berdasarkan Data Persediaan Dan Jumlah Permintaan (Studi Kasus : Batik Jiwo Creation, Sukoharjo)
Authors: Kusumastuti Rajnaparmaitha
Published: March 2022

Batik Jiwo Creation adalah toko konveksi dan penjualan batik yang berdiri di kota Sukoharjo. Besarnya permintaan yang berubah setiap periode menyebabkan ketidakpastian dalam menentukan jumlah produksi perusahaan pada periode yang akan datang. Perencanaan jumlah produk sangat penting dalam memenuhi permintaan pasar secara tepat dan dalam jumlah yang tepat. Analisis penentuan jumlah produksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Algoritma Fuzzy Tsukamoto dan Sugeno berdasarkan jumlah persediaan dan jumlah permintaan. Algoritma Tsukamoto dan Sugeno merupakan salah satu metode sistem inferensi fuzzy. Dalam metode Tsukamoto, setiap konsekuensi dari aturan if-then harus diwakili oleh himpunan fuzzy dengan fungsi keanggotaan monoton, sedangkan metode Sugeno memiliki bentuk akhir berupa konstanta atau persamaan linier. Berdasarkan nilai error MAD pada Fuzzy Tsukamoto adalah 17.93 sedangkan pada Fuzzy Sugeno adalah 210.73. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto lebih baik digunakan dalam perhitungan peramalan produksi. Algoritma perbandingan ini digunakan untuk membantu menentukan jumlah produksi pada periode berikutnya tergantung pada jumlah permintaan dan penawaran dari periode sebelumnya.
Sentimen Twitter terhadap PILKADA kota Medan menggunakan metode Naive Bayes
Authors: Mimboro Prasetyo
Published: March 2022

Indonesia menjadi negara kelima terbesar pengguna twitter sebanyak 19,5 juta pengguna. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi informasi, twitter menjadi salah satu sumber informasi berdasarkan dari sentiment twitter dan trending serta penggunaan hastag yang menjadi tranding. Belakangan ini vaksin nusantara menuai pro dan kontra, untuk dapat mengkalsifikasikan kalimat positif dan negative dalam sentiment twitter terhadap vaksin nusantara maka membutuhkan data dari para pengguna twitter dengan mengambil data berdasarkan kalsidikasi kalimat yang selanjutnya di proses data awal sebelum dimasukan ke dalam model indoBERT yang nantinya akan mengahasilkan tingkat akurasi sentiment twitter terhadap vaksin nusantara. Indonesia memiliki 19,5 juta pengguna Twitter dari total 500 juta pengguna global dan terus berkembang dari waktu ke waktu. Pengguna Twitter memanfaatkannya sebagai forum terbuka kampanye oleh calon walikota Medan dan relawan mereka diminta Netizen menanggapi. Tanggapan warganet terhadap setiap tweet adalah Positif dan Negatif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mencoba menganalisis tweet tentang sentimen netizen terhadap Pilkada Kota Medan 2020. Opini atau sentimen dari pengguna Twitter bisa tentunya dapat dijadikan sebagai kritik dan saran yang dapat ditampung oleh calon walikota dan wakil walikota Medan. Netizen Twitter sering pendapat tentang Calon Kepala Daerah melalui Unggahannya. Pendapat dari Netizen Twitter masih acak-acakan atau tidak terklasifikasi. Untuk memudahkan proses mengklasifikasikan data opini netizen membutuhkan Analisis Sentimen. Analisis Sentimen dilakukan dengan klasifikasi tweet yang mengandung sentimen Netizen terhadap Penyelenggaraan Pilkada Kota Medan 2020. Metode klasifikasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Naive Bayes yang dikombinasikan dengan ekstraksi fitur TF-IDF. NS Uji validitas yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini menggunakan matriks konfusi. Dengan fitur tf-idf ekstraksi dan metode Naive Bayes akan dapat secara otomatis mengklasifikasikan analisis sentimen dengan hasilr akurasi 76,00%.
Contribution to Model Delimitation of Gravitation to Service Centers
Authors: Čadková Barbora , Krásný Tomáš
Published: March 2022

The authors discuss the practical and theoretical significance of the analysis of the service centers regional range and point out the problems dealing with the delimitation of gravitation areas by means of a gravitation model.
Common Part of Geoecological Evaluation of Areas
Authors: Slabá Jaroslava , Škopek Václav
Published: March 2022

The authors evaluate space units from the point of view of natural historical and cultural values and degrees of their impairment by the economic activity of man. As a result some parts of the area under investigation requiring a differentiated manner of protection of nature, and a special manner of approach and economic exploitation, were determined.
Stress: How is it Affecting Service Delivery and Health of Nurses? A Qualitative Study from Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal
Authors: Baral Samjhana , Subedi Sudarshan
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Stress among health care professionals is harmful because of adverse psychological and physiological changes, which lead to decrease productivity. This study aimed to explore the experienced causes of stress, its effects and coping strategies among nurses.

Methods: In-depth interview was conducted among nurses working in different hospitals of the Pokhara metropolitan, Nepal. The nurses were selected purposively.  Data saturation was gained with fifteen interviews. Data analysis was done by adopting the Conventional Qualitative Content Analysis technique and summative analysis process.

Results: Three domains were identified from the study – causes of stress, effects of stress, and coping strategies for stress. The causes of stress were workload, lack of proper logistics, insufficient staffs, undesirable relation among colleagues, patient’s condition, patient’s relatives, and visitors, being blamed for other’s mistakes, senior’s behaviors, workplace violence, work- shift, patient’s death, and sufferings, job positions, work-life balance, health condition, job dissatisfaction, dignity and social status, family problems and lack of experience. The effects of stress experienced by the nurses were medication errors, delay of services, loss of concentration in work, degradation of the hospital’s goodwill, headache, insomnia, frustration and depression, lethargy, and loss of appetite. Nurses adopted listening to music, playing games, surfing the internet, watching television, doing household chores, sharing events and incidents, calm down, and crying as the coping strategies for the stress they experienced.

Conclusion: Due to several stress factors and their effects, the performance of nurses in a hospital setting was challenging. It was affecting the physical, mental, and social aspects of nurses’ life. However, they adopted coping strategies to help themselves in reducing the level of stress. An environment must be created by family members, organization, management team, nation, concerned authority, and possible stakeholders so that the nurses will be able to work with total concentration, devotion, and commitment.
Use of Evidence Based Practice by Physical Therapist in Delhi and NCR, India: A Crossectional Survey
Authors: Gyawali Ramesh , Hamdani Nusrat
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is access to and availability of the scientific database, the search of relevant literature in practice, and the precise use of Evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. Assessment of variables such as the beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behavior give rise to factor influencing and self-efficacy of individuals practicing EBP and conceptualizing the growing importance of EBP in the physical therapy sector. The present study aimed to assess belief and attitude about EBP, its knowledge, and skills related to obtaining and evaluating evidence and identify barriers to practice among Physical Therapists in India.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the physical therapist working in Delhi and NCR. A survey questionnaire contains 5 segments and 51 statement item screening beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behavior of individuals in terms of using EBP. The relationship among variables is obtained by using Logistic Regression analysis. The data was collected from April 2016 through May 2016.

Results: The physical therapist state that they had a positive attitude toward EBP and understand the necessity of evidencebased practice (87%). They were familiar with a search engine (87%), relevant literature is useful in practice (75%), help in clinical decision making (75.9%), and improve quality of patient care (78.9%) but the majority of respondents said that it doesn’t come under patient preference (51.8%), lack of generalizability of research finding to the individual patient (28.7%), and insufficient time (77.8%) to incorporate EBP.

Conclusion: Indian physical therapists from Delhi and NCR believe that they had a positive attitude toward obtaining EBP, using available evidence for clinical decision making, and improve the quality of patient care. A cultural change within the working environment and the organization’s support will allow more time for searching relevant databases for implementing EBP in daily clinical practice.
Japanese Encephalitis Mass Vaccination Coverage Survey in Five Districts of Nepal
Authors: Khatri Bijay , Deo Sulav , Deo Lakshmi Narayan
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends mass vaccination campaigns in children under 15 years before introducing the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine into the routine immunization program as the most effective immunization strategy in JE disease-endemic countries. The study was conducted to assess the JE vaccine coverage during the recent mass vaccination campaign in five districts of Nepal in 2016.

Methods: A stratified three-stage cluster design was used for this cross-sectional sample survey. The JE mass vaccination campaign of 2016 targeted children aged between 1-14 years, and the interview was conducted among systematically sampled households’ mothers and guardians of children aged between 2-15 years in 2017.

Results: The coverage of the JE mass vaccination campaign in the year 2016 was 96.9%; the males had slightly higher coverage (97.4%) than females (96.6%). The vaccine utilization increased with an increase in age, 94.0%, 98.1%, and 99.1% coverage among children aged 2-5 years, 6-10 years, and 10-15 years, respectively. The school enrolled children were four-times (OR: 4.016, CI: 2.595–6.216) likely to be vaccinated than out-of-school children and association was statistically significant. Among 86 children who were not vaccinated, 45.3% were ill during the campaign. Besides, 6.6% of out of school children also didn’t get the vaccination. Only three in ten (30.4%) respondents knew that the JE vaccine was given to protect against JE disease or brain fever. More than one-third (36.3%) of respondents reported that the recommendation from the health workers was  main reason for vaccinating their children. Only 1.1% of vaccinated children had minor issues following vaccination.

Conclusion: Despite low awareness about the specific protection of the JE vaccine, the vaccination coverage was high during the JE mass vaccination campaign. Increasing awareness about the particular vaccine and including activities to vaccinate out-of-school children could help achieve universal coverage in future mass vaccination campaigns
Did Closing Borders to Tourists Save Lives? Tourist Arrival, Self-protective Leadership, and Covid-19 Casualties
Authors: Robin Mulyadi , Rasel Sharif , Prayag Girish , Chowdhury Mesbahuddin
Published: March 2022

International human mobility has been the driving force of economic growth and policy decisions for the tourism industry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated policy changes that explicitly limited mobility. Our research sought to examine whether closing borders to international
tourists was related to the reduction in the number of COVID-19 fatalities, and the impact of country-level culturally accepted norms towards leadership in the implementation of these policy. This study builds on the call for further research on how tourism destinations plan for and respond
to global crises and disasters. We used data from the World Bank and the GLOBE Project to test the direct effect of international tourist arrivals in 2019 on COVID-19 fatalities in 2020 and the moderating role of self-protective leadership on this relationship. Our findings supported our proposition
that closing borders to tourists saved lives but selfprotective leadership is critical. In fact, a key contribution of our study is that attitudes towards leadership play an important role in the effectiveness of policy deployment during times of crisis; in particular, closing the border had
a stronger impact in saving lives across countries where self-protective leadership is culturally acceptable and expected. Implications for destination management are also suggested.
Destination Arrangement for an Emerging Tourist Market: An Application of an Acculturation Model
Authors: Anantamongkolkul Chidchanok
Published: March 2022

This research applies the concept of bidimensional acculturation to the Indian tourist market in order to seek a greater understanding of how short-time travelers adapt to host cultures. A qualitative research design using the snowball sampling technique was applied. In-depth interviews
with 12 tourism stakeholders in Phuket were conducted. The applicability of the acculturation model became evident as the Indian tourists were more likely to apply the separation strategy of cultural adaptation. All the informants completely agreed that Phuket has great potential to host tourists,
including the Indian tourist market, because of being a world-renowned tourist destination. Nevertheless, it was evident that key informant implied Indian tourists were likely to adopt the separation strategy of the acculturation model. The interview analysis suggests the evidence of three
key themes underlying the adopted strategy, namely, seeking home comfort and suitable food and activities, maintaining their unique characteristics, and spending time with a big group of family. The research findings benefit both private and public tourism organizations. Unique challenges
and destination arrangement for a destination in order to host an Indian tourist market are suggested.
Implementasi Kewajiban Penyediaan Fasilitas Umum dan Fasilitas Sosial di Kawasan Perumahan Graha Kayu Manis Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Areza Ugang  , Suharno Suharno , Panji Surawijaya
Published: March 2022

Perumahan Graha Kayu Manis merupakan hunian terbesar di Kota Palangka Raya yang dibangun oleh PT. Graha Kayu Manis. Menurut peraturan tersebut, setiap kawasan perumahan harus dilengkapi dengan fasilitas umum dan sosial. Namun, hingga saat ini, beberapa fasilitas sosial belum dibangun di perumahan ini. Selain itu, penggunaan beberapa fasilitas umum yang tidak bertanggung jawab menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan dan konflik antar warga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah, pertama, menganalisis persepsi pelanggan terhadap fasilitas umum dan fasilitas sosial yang ada di kawasan perumahan ini. Kedua, memahami implementasi komitmen penyediaan fasilitas umum dan sosial oleh pengembang. Ketiga, untuk mengetahui peran pemerintah Palangka Raya dalam menyediakan fasilitas umum dan sosial untuk perumahan di kota. Pendekatan deskriptif digunakan bersama dengan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan program statistik R. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan perumahan Graha Kayu Manis belum dilengkapi dengan fasilitas seperti fasilitas pendidikan, fasilitas kesehatan, fasilitas rekreasi dan olahraga, kawasan hijau (RTH) dan pemadam kebakaran setempat. Komitmen penyediaan fasilitas umum dan sosial di kawasan permukiman dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik. Instalasi air limbah, infrastruktur sanitasi, saluran pembuangan, TPA, pertokoan dan fasilitas parkir dalam kondisi baik. Beberapa utilitas seperti air bersih, listrik dan jalan juga tersedia. Beberapa fasilitas sosial sudah diserahkan ke pemerintah daerah oleh pengembang, namun belum dikembangkan. Di sisi lain, beberapa fasilitas umum dan sosial yang menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah belum selesai dibangun. Pemerintah hanya mengambil alih tanah dari pengembang, tetapi belum membangun apa pun di atasnya.
Contingency of Bodily Experience in Texts of Lithuanian Poetry
Authors:   Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Jonutytė Jurga , Šmitienė Giedrė ,   Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore
Published: March 2022

The article demonstrates a correlation between the poetic articulation of a non-normative bodily experience and a topic of different modalities (particularly contingency). The main goal of the article is to reveal this probable correlation, thus verses of the three Lithuanian poets will be rethought. All three poets encounter a different and unique bodily experience that is connected to severe kinds of disability. These three ways of articulation of disability in poetical texts demonstrate slightly different focusing on modalities: the first and the third examples (the verse of Rita Skorochodova and Jonas Mačiukevičius) show disclosure of a level of contingency. The second case, the poetry of Elvina Baužaitė, focuses on the level of impossibility (the universal one) being on the verge of necessity. Every example in its own way reveals limits of human abilities, the vulnerability of human existence, the fragility of a life-flow. All these notions can be revealed through experience of disability and because of this experience if only a poet chooses to articulate it. The second part of the article is aimed at revealing the relation between the concept of contingency, the bodily experience, and modes of its articulation. Explaining the correlation of the poetry analysed with the contemporary philosophical texts (especially of some post-humanist authors and representatives of the contemporary social critique) shows that the articulation of contingent situations and non-universal constellations (which is inherent to the contemporary observations of culture) moves the concept of disability out of the margins of cultural discussions and into a most intensive field of observation.
The Construction of the Reception of Rilke and the Contexts of the Soviet Period
Authors:   Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Jasaitytė Jūratė
Published: March 2022

Written in spirit of literary hermeneutics, this article presents the research of the reception of Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926) in the Lithuanian Soviet period as well as the related problems. In this sense, the aim of such research could be treated as the process of creating an academic text. Its reconstructive origin impels us to question the relatively proper level of the existing investigation and discuss its fragmentary mode. In this case, it is necessary to introduce such aspects of this type of reconstruction based on the previously accomplished texts and results of the research, e. g. so-called “taxonomy”, chronologies, comprehensible and consistent narrative of the literary history, etc. The double effect of the latter, as positive prejudices (according to the German term Vorurteile), significant approaches or as stereotypic judgements, popular clichés, to the potential researcher must also be taken into consideration. The epoch in mind – The Soviet period – possesses multifarious ambiguities and binary systems. For this reason, the whole unity of the contexts of literary science, literary critique, and even literary policy and politics is relevant for this type of reconstruction of the reception. Though the article follows a certain chronological sequence, which is merely for pragmatic convenience, nevertheless it questions the very implications of the “evolution” of the reception, the literary and historical periodization, etc. The first part of this text deals with the theoretical overview of the basic problems mentioned above. In the second part, those problems are included in the context of the research of the reception of Rilke in Lithuanian literature of the Soviet period. According to the claims of literary scientists, ambiguity is one of the main characteristics of the Lithuanian Soviet period that affected the whole of literary reality: the practices of reading, translations, the behavior of readers, etc. Besides, it necessitated the various semantic actions in order to adapt to the conditions of the shifting socialism. On the other hand, Rilke as an author of the bourgeois West had to be included in the dialectics of the constant interplay between ideological conformism and intellectual opposition. As could be seen further, there were different phases of the reception of Rilke in the Soviet Lithuanian literature. By the way, at least two different types of readers (“dependent” vs. “opposing”) and the variety of the reading strategies were created.
Beyond the Duality of Perception and Trope: the Representation of Collective Trauma in the Writings of Leonardas Gutauskas
Authors:   Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, Bernotienė Gintarė
Published: March 2022

Leonardas Gutauskas is one of the few Lithuanian writers who have depicted the collective traumas that befell the Lithuanian nation in the 1950s and 1960s from various angles: the first mass deportations of the citizens of the Republic of Lithuania to Siberia in 1941 and the post-war resistance of the partisans to the occupying USSR army. He has written three works on these topics: the novel Shadows (Šešėliai, 2001), a poem dedicated to Dalia Grinkevičiūtė who created the most famous testimony of the Lithuanian exile (In fine, 2004), and the novel Theology of Dreams (Sapnų teologija, 2006). The article analyses the different narrative strategies that Gutauskas employs in creating these works, which convey the various traumatic experiences of the nation. Taking into account the emphasis in contemporary trauma studies on individual experiences and the non-subsumptive approach to the traumatic experiences (which Finnish philosopher Hanna Meretoja elaborates in her research) as one of the possible ways of narrative development, the article shows that Gutauskas’ prose and poetry reveal themselves as precisely such examples of the non-subsumption of the experience of the Other, in which trauma narratives retain a partial experience of their incomprehensibility, which is valorised as an ethical, uncertainty-opening impetus for narrative emergence, and in which the understanding of the Other’s story emerges as a dialogical human act.
Trimdas publikāciju lasītāji Padomju Latvijā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Zanders Viesturs
Published: March 2022

The article provides an overview about who read (and for what purposes) the books and printed media published in exile while these publications were officially unavailable in Soviet Latvia. The texts written by Soviet propaganda workers and local intellectuals collaborating with the occupation regime authorities in Latvia were mainly meant for splitting and misinforming the Latvian communities in exile. The Soviet press, including the newspaper “Dzimtenes Balss” (The Voice of Motherland) was seeking to create an illusion that in Soviet Latvia, there was free access to publications of Latvians in exile. In reality, only a very limited readership had access to summaries published by the Academy of Science of Soviet Latvia in the eighties of the 20th century. The items published by Latvians in exile were concentrated in the special stock in the Fundamental library of the Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR. But one has to understand that any meaningful usage of these items as well as making references to them in scientific publications were very restricted. The same books or periodicals were used by some persons for brewing Soviet propaganda (and accordingly for ideological battles), and at the same time, they were used against other persons as guilt aggravating evidence in criminal cases. One has to note that for evolving this topic, not only the archive documents but also the impressive volumes of the digitized press are very helpful. But critical attitude and understanding of context are needed, otherwise one can get a misleading idea about the presence of publications of Latvian exile in occupied Latvia as well as about their availability for readers.
Krišjāņa Barona jubilejas latviešu folkloristikā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte. Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, Grīnvalde Rita
Published: March 2022

The birth and death remembrance anniversaries of Krišjānis Barons (31.10.1835–08.03.1923), editor of folk songs and publisher of “Latvju dainas” (Latvian Folk Songs, 1894–1915), received widespread attention already in the interwar period, both in the humanities and in Latvian society in general. Shortly after Barons’ death, in honour of his memory, several significant projects in the history of Latvian culture and scholarship were launched: the Barons’ Society (1924–1940) and the Archives of Latvian Folklore were founded (1924), and the Krišjānis Barons’ Prize was established (1926–1940). However, the most ambitious cultural memory activities are associated with the celebration of his 150th anniversary between 1981 and 1985. This anniversary promoted works of research, art, literature, and cinema, the emergence of new cultural sites, as well as encouraged the general public to strive for Latvian independence. Of lasting significance was the tradition of the annual conference of Krišjānis Barons, which began in 1981 by A. Upīts’ Institute of Language and Literature at the Latvian SSR Academy of Sciences. The aim of the article is to understand the construction of the memory of Krišjānis Barons in a diachronic aspect, using the theoretical approaches of memory studies and postcolonial studies for interpretation. Based on the archival and published materials, the article traces the history of Barons’ commemoration activities during the 20th century and provides an analysis of their role in the context of cultural policy, ideologies of their time, and the disciplinary history of folklore studies.
Jaunu formu meklējumi e-teātrī: pandēmijas laika pieredze
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte. Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, Rodiņa Ieva
Published: March 2022

The time of the Covid-19 pandemic stopped the theatre process and opened the way for new forms and techniques in the virtual environment, updating the concept of e-theatre. The research of these processes from an aesthetic point of view has also stimulated the development of a new discourse in Latvian theatre science, analyzing the technical solution of virtual or e-productions, the impact on viewers, as well as other aspects related to theatrical manifestations in the virtual environment. The aim of the article is to provide an overview of the aesthetic strategies and means of expression in Latvian e-theatre, researching this process from a semiotic approach (performance signs and sign systems in the virtual environment), as well as a phenomenological take (the impact of e-performances on the spectator). In the spring of 2020, soon after the Covid-19 restrictions, virtual experiments quickly developed in Latvian theatre. In the context of the global pandemic caused by Covid-19, we can talk about a complete transition of the theatre to a virtual space, forcibly changing the forms of performances to digital formats that do not require viewers and actors to be in the same room. At the same time, this forced transition of the theatre to the digital environment is connected with other risks, such as the natural competition between e-theatre and other virtual content on the internet. The author of the article offers an in-depth analysis of three different Latvian e-theatre performances, offering an overlook of the trends of digital theatre.
Diskusijas “Vai Latvijas kino trūkst sieviešu stāstu?” apspriede sociālajā medijā Facebook. Komentāru analīze
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Zitmane Marita
Published: March 2022

Imbalanced gender representation and the reproduction of stereotypes in cinema are the subjects of international discussion and intervention by gender mainstreaming in the film industry. According to the UNESCO 2018 Global Report “Re|Shaping Cultural Policy”, women are under-represented in the film industry, have limited access to resources, and face significant gender pay gaps. Change is needed to create a world in which a woman as often as a man is a decision-maker and in which watching films written, directed, and made by women is widespread. The shortcomings in the management of funding and in the principle of diversity need to be addressed so that viewers can see different and diverse stories and experiences on cinema screens. The discussion “Stolen Kristaps” of the LTV1 program “100 grams of culture” actualized and localized the problem of gender parity in the film industry in Latvia. The discussion that started in TV format also continued on social media. The aim of the article is to explore the discussions inspired by the social media Facebook. The aim of the article is to find out what was discussed, what arguments were used, where are we, and where do we want to go? The analysis of the discussions reveals that there is no consensus among the representatives of the film and art industry on whether the lack of women’s stories in Latvian cinema is a problem. There is also a strong disagreement about possible approaches to resolving the situation.
Hydration and compressive strength of Portland cement blended with kamafugites and carbonatites: Effect of Physical Properties
Authors: Buregyeya Apollo
Published: March 2022

Kamafugites and carbonatitic tuffs, though not common natural pozzolans, are the main option for supplementary cementitious materials in regions surrounding the Western part of the East African Rift valley system. The tuffs are silica undersaturated, carbonatitic and largely ultrapotassic. The current study sought to characterise their physical and chemical properties and compare them with those of published works on natural pozzolans. Two samples, a carbonatite and a kamafugite, from the Toro-Ankole geological region of East Africa are investigated for their effect on specific properties of pastes and mortars when used as natural pozzolans in Portland cement. The volcanic tuffs milled to three fineness levels and blended with Portland cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 35% replacement levels are tested for effects on hydration and compressive strength. Results show a time dependent variation in heat of hydration which increases for the first 14 hours before decreasing. The variation seems dependent on level of replacement. Compressive strength results show dependence on level of replacement and fineness which was pronounced until 90 days, peaking at 28 days. Increase in replacement level resulted in a general reduction in compressive strength. A compressive strength conversion process that peaks at 10% replacement level is observed in all blended samples leading to compressive strength results at 180 days being lower than those at 90 days of curing. Compressive strength test results, however, sustain the ASTM C618 and BS 3892 minimum requirement for pozzolanic Portland cements indicating that the carbonatites and kamafugites can be gainfully applied in cement production from the resource and energy economy perspectives.
Chorological notes of Carex L. (Cyperaceae) for the Flora of the Balkans, with emphasis
in Albania
Authors: Martín-Bravo Santiago , Benítez-Benítez Carmen , Míguez Mónica , Meco Marjol , Jiménez-Mejías Pedro
Published: March 2022

Relevant chorological notes of genus Carex L. (Cyperaceae) for the flora
of the Balkans are provided, with an emphasis on Albania and adjacent countries (North Macedonia and Montenegro). Our findings include new national species records and/or confirmations for Albania, Montenegro and North Macedonia (C. agastachys, C. atrata, C. curvula, C. demissa, C. hispida, C. parviflora), as well as other interesting records of rare
and/or endangered Carex species in Albania (C. castroviejoi, C. myosuroides). Eventually, we provide relevant comments in order to clarify the taxonomy, distribution and/or ecology of Carex sections Rhynchocystis (C. agastachys, C. pendula) and Aulocystis (C. ferruginea,
C. kitaibeliana, C. lazarei) in the Balkans.
Pápulas e placas urticariformes e pruriginosas da gravidez (PUPPP): relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Leme Ariadne , Da Silva Sobrino Daniela
Published: March 2022

Introdução: As pápulas e placas urticariformes e pruriginosas da gravidez (PUPPP) correspondem a erupções cutâneas inflamatórias benignas, extremamente pruriginosas, comumente surgindo no terceiro trimestre das gestações primigestas. As lesões são caracterizadas por pápulas urticariformes, localizadas inicialmente na região do abdome, normalmente desaparecendo imediatamente após o parto, e sem tendência a recidiva nas gestações subsequentes. Objetivo: Perante a escassez de trabalhos sobre a doença, a presente pesquisa busca descrever o caso de uma paciente atendida em nosso Serviço, buscando fornecer informações que poderão guiar a equipe médica para tomada da melhor decisão clínica frente à paciente com PUPPP. Método: Trata-se de um relato de caso único onde se pretende descrever uma paciente atendida no Serviço de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia do Hospital Universitário São Francisco na Providência de Deus – HUSF, localizado na cidade de Bragança Paulista – SP. Resultados: Tratou-se de uma gestante com traços orientais, com 26 anos de idade, apresentando lesões pruriginosas pseudovesiculares distribuídas por toda a superfície corporal, que apresentavam hiperemia e secreção hialina. Após o insucesso do tratamento com antibióticos (betametasona e hidroxizina), a dosagem imunossupressora de prednisona reverteu os sintomas relacionados à PUPPP. Conclusão: A prednisona é o medicamento mais eficaz para remissão da sintomatologia relacionada à PUPPP. Todavia, quadros mais complicados devem ser encaminhados ao dermatologista, e devem ser avaliados com o auxílio de exames laboratoriais, histológicos e imunológicos.